bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel phosphodiesterase inhibitor for the treatment of chronic liver injury and metabolic diseases
Authors: Staller Dalton W. , Panigrahi Sanjali S. , Jayasinghe Yahani P. , Dong Yuxiang , Mahto Sohan , Kumar Virender , Ronning Donald R. , Mahato Ram I. 
Published: July 2024

Background and Aims:
Chronic liver disease leads to ~2 million deaths annually. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling has long been studied in liver injury, particularly in the regulation of fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation and pro-inflammatory polarization of tissue-resident lymphocytes. Phosphodiesterase 4B inhibition has been explored as a therapeutic modality, but these drugs have had limited success and are known to cause significant adverse effects. The PDE4 inhibitor 2-(4-([2-(5-Chlorothiophen-2-yl)-5-ethyl-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl]amino)phenyl)acetic acid) (known as A-33) has yet to be explored for the treatment of metabolic diseases.

Approach and Results:
Herein, we evaluated the efficacy of A-33 in the treatment of animal models of alcohol-associated liver disease and steatotic liver disease. We demonstrated that A-33 effectively ameliorated the signs and symptoms of chronic liver disease, resulting in significant decreases in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, decreased overall fat and collagen deposition in the liver, decreased intrahepatic triglyceride concentrations, and normalized expression of genes related to β-oxidation of fatty acids, inflammation, and extracellular matrix deposition. We also designed and synthesized a novel analog of A-33, termed MDL3, which inhibited both phosphodiesterase 4B and PDE5A and was more effective in ameliorating pathophysiological signs and symptoms of liver injury and inflammation. In addition, MDL3 re-sensitized obese mice to glucose and significantly inhibited the pathological remodeling of adipose tissue, which was not observed with A-33 administration.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, we synthesized and demonstrated that MDL3, a novel phosphodiesterase 4B and PDE5A inhibitor, presents a promising avenue of exploration for treating chronic liver disease.
Systemic Treatment With Cyclosporine A in Children With Severe Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Gazit Inbal , Wussuki-Lior Orly , Tauber Tsivia , Morad Yair 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
To report our experience with systemic cyclosporine as a treatment for severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) in pediatric patients who did not respond to previous treatments.

Methods:
We analyzed the medical records of 6 patients, aged 4 to 15 years, with severe VKC treated with systemic cyclosporine for VKC at Shamir Medical Center in Zerifin, Israel, between the years 2000 and 2023. The average treatment duration was 18 months. In all patients, previous treatments with antihistamines, mast cells stabilizers, topical steroids and topical cyclosporine, and systemic steroids did not result in sufficient improvement. The severity of inflammation was evaluated during clinical examinations and the patients' subjective assessment of their quality of life.

Results:
In all 6 patients, signs and symptoms showed significant improvement within 2 to 4 weeks of initiating systemic cyclosporine treatment. All patients were able to discontinue regular steroids use and reported a significant improvement in their quality of life. No significant side effects were observed in any of the patients.

Conclusions:
Systemic cyclosporine is a safe and effective treatment for severe VKC. It is a steroid-sparing treatment that allows good quality of life, while keeping the disease latent.
Efficacy of spironolactone in treating hidradenitis suppurativa in women of childbearing age: a single-center retrospective analysis
Authors: Gangidi Suma V. , Greene Rachel K. , Olsen Eric , Jackson Shanelle , Nakamura Mio 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin disease characterized by recurrent nodules that affect areas with a high density of apocrine sweat glands, such as the axillae and groin. Androgens are implicated in the pathophysiology of HS. Therefore, spironolactone, an antiandrogen therapy, is recommended. However, data on its use in women of childbearing age are limited, especially since its antiandrogenic effects may affect menstruation, fertility, and pubertal development.

Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of spironolactone in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa in women of childbearing age and to identify factors associated with treatment response.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on female patients aged 12 to 50 with HS treated with spironolactone at Michigan Medicine dermatology clinics from 2000 to 2021. The patients’ demographic data, HS characteristics, and spironolactone responses were examined. Statistical assessments were performed to determine the efficacy indicators.

Results:
Of the 157 patients reviewed, 31 showed an improvement in treatment. Variables such as axillary involvement, previous treatment failures, and use of intralesional steroids were linked to a lack of improvement in spironolactone. Through adjusted multiple logistic regression analysis, a significant association was observed between improvement status and Hurley stage 3 (odds ratio = 0.15 [95% CI: 0.02–0.79], P = .036), suggesting that patients with Hurley stage 3 were 85% less likely to exhibit improvement in spironolactone therapy.

Limitations:
The study’s retrospective nature and reliance on single-center data can limit generalizability. The sample size is limited and therefore affects the study’s statistical power.

Conclusion:
Thus, spironolactone may offer therapeutic benefits for HS in women of childbearing age. However, patients with severe disease (Hurley stage 3) had reduced response rates. Further prospective studies are recommended to validate these findings and determine the most suitable patient profile for spironolactone therapy for HS.
Sequential Presentation of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Narcolepsy in a 10-Year-Old Girl With Wolfram Syndrome 1
Authors: Ravindren Rajith K. , Veettil Rajesh Thaliyil , Athimannil Shibila , Balaram Neetha , Veedu Prasad Thotton , Veetil Sajin Appadam , Ayoor Arun Kumar , Mathew Suja , Padinharath Krishnakumar , Balan Shabeesh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Wolfram syndrome 1 (WS1) is a rare, autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by diabetes insipidus, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness resulting from loss-of-function genetic variants in the WFS1 gene. Individuals with WS1 manifest a spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we report a pediatric case of WS1, which stemmed from a novel biallelic WFS1 loss-of-function genetic variant. The individual initially presented with obsessive-compulsive disorder, which was successfully managed by fluvoxamine. After 2 months, the child manifested excessive daytime sleepiness. Clinical evaluation and sleep recordings revealed a diagnosis of narcolepsy type 2. Excessive daytime sleepiness was improved with methylphenidate. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of narcolepsy in WS1, which possibly arose during a progressive neurodegenerative process. We emphasize the need for in-depth screening for neuropsychiatric phenotypes and sleep-related disorders in WS1, for clinical management, which significantly improves the quality of life.
Creation and Validation of a Novel 3-Dimensional Pediatric Hip Ultrasound Model
Authors: Nichols Francesca R. , Ryan Justin R. , Skinner John A. , Morris Jonathan M. , Nguyen Mylinh T. , Ekpenyong Atim , Pade Kathryn H. 
Published: July 2024

Objectives
The aim of this study was to create and validate a 3-dimensional (3D) ultrasound model with normal and abnormal pediatric hip joint anatomy that is comparable to a pediatric hip joint in appearance and anatomy and replicates sonographic characteristics of a pediatric hip joint.

Methods
A 3D rendering of the bone and soft tissue was created from a computed tomography pelvic scan of a pediatric patient. This rendering was modified to include a unilateral joint effusion. The bone was 3D printed with a photopolymer plastic, whereas the soft tissue was cast with a silicone mixture in a 3D-printed mold. The effusion was simulated by injecting saline into the soft tissue cavity surrounding the bone. The ultrasound model was validated by pediatric point-of-care ultrasonographers at an international pediatric ultrasound conference.

Results
A pediatric hip ultrasound model was developed that simulates both normal and abnormal pediatric hip joint anatomy, each with an appropriately sized, measurable joint effusion. Validation by pediatric point-of-care ultrasonographers showed that the key aspects of a normal pediatric hip joint (femoral physis, sloped femoral neck, and adequate soft tissue) with an identifiable and measurable effusion were included in the ultrasound model.

Conclusions
In this study, we successfully created a cost-effective, reusable, and reproducible 3D pediatric hip ultrasound model. The majority of pediatric point-of-care ultrasonographers who evaluated the model agreed that this model is comparable to a pediatric patient for the purpose of teaching ultrasound skills and joint space measurement.
Data to Care Pilot Program in Chicago: Experience, Outcomes, and Direction for the Future
Authors: Schmitt Jessica , Devlin Samantha A. , Mason Joseph A. , Lauritsen Jeff , Tabidze Irina , Friedman Eleanor E. , Massey Ruby A. , Winkler Nolan , Ridgway Jessica P. 
Published: July 2024

Context:
Data to Care (D2C) involves sharing HIV surveillance data between health care facilities and health departments to improve continuity of care for people living with HIV (PLWH). The Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) initiated a D2C pilot program at the University of Chicago Medicine (UCM) from June 2016 to September 2019.

Objectives:
To describe the proportion of patients reported by UCM as not in care who were able to be matched to CDPH enhanced HIV/AIDS Reporting System (eHARS) and to report the individual-level factors associated with matching and viral suppression.

Design:
Retrospective program evaluation.

Setting:
UCM, an academic health care center that provides HIV care to adults via a Ryan White clinic on the south side of Chicago.

Participants:
Adult PLWH who had received care at UCM but did not have current documented HIV care visit(s).

Main Outcome Measure:
Proportion of matched patients; factors associated with matching and viral suppression.

Results:
Overall, 72.4% (n = 813/1123) of patients reported by UCM were matched by CDPH to eHARS. Individuals aged 40 to 49 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-3.62), 50 to 59 years (OR = 2.47; 95% CI, 1.37-4.47), and 60 years or older (OR = 6.18; 95% CI, 3.18-12.32) were more likely to match in eHARS. People who lived outside of Chicago (OR = 0.09; 95% CI, 0.05-0.15) or with unknown zip codes (OR = 0.08; 95% CI, 0.05-0.12) were less likely to match. Men who have sex with men and persons older than 50 years were more likely to be virally suppressed.

Conclusions:
D2C is an evidence-based strategy for reengagement of PLWH; however, program implementation relies on successful data matching. We found that a large proportion of patients from UCM were not matched, particularly those who were younger or lived outside of Chicago. Additional research is needed to understand ways to improve data matching to facilitate reengagement in HIV care.
Patient Falls in the Operating Room: Why Is This Still a Problem in 2024?
Authors: Pellegrino Allison , Brook Karolina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Despite advances in patient safety, perioperative patient falls continue to be a persistent and preventable harm. Patient falls in procedural areas have been associated with multiple postoperative complications such as additional falls, functional decline, and hospital readmissions. Although fall-related databases exist, the specific number of periprocedural falls is difficult to ascertain, and the causes of such falls also remain elusive. We explore various solutions and recommend the creation of a national, focused database of periprocedural falls that will allow institutions to track numbers of falls in patients receiving anesthetic care and to identify the most common etiologies to enable the implementation of targeted strategies to prevent falls. Lacking this, we suggest specific screening and procedural recommendations during all phases of anesthetic care to increase providers’ awareness and vigilance surrounding patient falls.
Cervical cancer screening integrated in routine clinical care of women with HIV
Authors: Gram Emma J.P.N. , Moseholm Ellen , Nørløv Anne B. , Wilken-Jensen Charlotte , Thorsteinsson Kristina , Pedersen Birgitte T. , Jørgensen Sussie M. , Bonde Jesper , Omland Lars H. , Lebech Anne-Mette , Weis Nina 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
To evaluate if integrated cervical cancer screening (CCS) for women with HIV (WWH) in routine HIV care resulted in increased adherence to screening, and to describe the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-specific genotypes and the incidence of cellular abnormalities.

Design:
Cohort study.

Methods:
WWH who accepted the offer of combined CCS and HIV care (group 1), WWH who declined the offer (group 2), and WWH not offered CCS within HIV care (group 3) between 2013 and 2019 were included. Data was collected from The Danish HIV Cohort Study and The Danish Pathology Data Bank. Adherence to the CCS program was defined as fulfilled if WWH were screened annually.

Results:
A total of 804 WWH were included. WWH who accepted CCS within HIV care (group 1; n = 218) had significantly higher adherence to screening in all study years 22–99% compared with the WWH who declined CCS (group 2; n = 232) 10–16% and WWH who were not invited for CCS (group 3; n = 354) 11–25%. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of HPV-specific genotypes and incidence of cellular abnormalities among the three groups.

Conclusion:
Integrating CCS for WWH in routine HIV care resulted in higher adherence to the CCS guidelines. Combined services thereby represent an opportunity to engage WWH in HIV care into preventive services.
Ligamentum Teres Augmentation for Hiatus Hernia Repair After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chaudhry Shahrukh , Farsi Soroush , Nakanishi Hayato , Parmar Chetan , Ghanem Omar M. , Clapp Benjamin 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
Hiatal hernia (HH) and symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease are common complications after metabolic bariatric surgery. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of ligamentum teres augmentation (LTA) for HH repair after metabolic and bariatric surgeries (MBS).

Materials and Methods:
CENTRAL, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus were searched for articles from their inception to September 2023 by 2 independent reviewers using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis system.

Results:
Five studies met the eligibility criteria, with a total of 165 patients undergoing LTA for HH repair after MBS. The distribution of patients based on surgical procedures included 63% undergoing sleeve gastrectomy, 21% Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and 16% having one anastomosis gastric bypass. The pooled proportion of reflux symptoms before LTA was 77% (95% CI: 0.580-0.960; I
2 = 89%, n = 106). A pooled proportion of overall postoperative symptoms was 25.6% (95% CI: 0.190-0.321; I
2 = 0%, n = 44), consisting of reflux at 14.5% (95% CI: 0.078-0.212; I
2 = 0%, n = 15). The pooled proportion of unsuccessful LTA outcomes was 12.5% (95% CI: 0.075-0.175; I
2 = 0%, n = 21).

Conclusion:
Our meta-analysis demonstrated that LTA appears to be a safe and efficacious procedure in the management of HH after MBS.
Modified supine (Giusti) percutaneous nephrolithotomy is noninferior to standard prone procedure for renal calculi: A single-center prospective randomized study
Authors: Ratkal Jaideep , Patel Azharuddin Sharif , Manjuprasad G. B. , Sampathkumar R. N. , Raykar Raviraj 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
The objective is to compare operative times, safety, effectiveness, postoperative pain, and need for analgesia for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the modified supine (Giusti) versus the standard prone position.

Materials and methods:
A prospective randomized study of 82 patients was conducted from August 2021 to August 2022 at a tertiary medical teaching hospital. The cohort was divided into modified supine and prone PCNL groups (40 and 42 patients in supine and prone). The measured variables included age, sex, body mass index, stone size, comorbidities, procedure time, stone-free rate, pain severity/Visual Analog Scale, analgesia requirement, hospital stay, and complications (modified Clavien-Dindo grading).

Results:
The 2 groups were comparable in mean age, male-to-female ratio, stone size, residual calculi, and postoperative fever. The mean procedure time was 72.24 versus 90.12 minutes in favor of the modified supine PCNL (P < 0.001). The absolute stone-free rate showed no significant difference (82.5% versus 80.95%; P = 0.91) in both the groups. The severity of postoperative pain according to Visual Analog Scale was 2.9 (2–5) and 5.1 (3–7) in the modified supine and prone groups (P < 0.001). Patients undergoing supine PCNL needed analgesics fewer times and in lesser dosage than the prone PCNL group (1.27 versus 3.93; P < 0.001). Hospital stay was shorter in the supine group than the prone group (2.87 versus 4.40 days; P < 0.001). No differences in septic or bleeding complications were found.

Conclusion:
The modified supine PCNL is safe and noninferior to prone PCNL with shorter operative time, reduced postoperative pain, lesser need for analgesia, and shorter hospital stay, with the additional benefit of minimal physiological changes during anesthesia.
Treatment response for nocturnal enuresis in Taiwanese children: A comparison of medical departments
Authors: Ng Kuan Chong , Hung Fan-Ching , Huang Kuo-How , Chang Hong-Chiang , Chiang I-Ni 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
This retrospective study aims to evaluate the medical treatment response, treatment choice, and medication adjustment during a clinical follow-up in Taiwanese children with nocturnal enuresis (NE).

Materials and methods:
A total of 287 children diagnosed with NE were included in the study. Patients’ characteristics, treatment response, and medication adjustment after the second clinic visit were analyzed. The study also compared treatment options chosen by different medical departments.

Results:
Of the 287 children analyzed, 56.8% received medical treatment, 68.8% were older than 7 years (P < 0.001), and 45.6% were initially treated with desmopressin. The presence of daytime symptoms did not significantly affect the prescription of medication at the first clinic visit (P = 0.817). However, 76.9% of children with daytime symptoms who were initially treated with desmopressin needed medication adjustment during their second clinic visit (P = 0.01). Urologists were more likely to prescribe medications than other medical departments at the first clinic visit (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Almost half of the Taiwanese children with NE (46%) in this study had a satisfactory treatment response after the initial treatment. Urologists were more likely to use medications as their initial treatment strategy. The limitation included bias from heterogeneous study population and limited information of pretreatment urodynamic or imaging studies. Further education is required for both general public and medical departments to improve the treatment outcomes of children with enuresis.
Influence of urethral mucosa preservation of prostatic apex during monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate on postoperative functional outcomes: A retrospective comparative study
Authors: Irani Darioush , Saadatfar Abdullah , Aminsharifi Alireza , Ahmed Faisal , Mirzakhanlouei Ali , Afrasiabi Mohammadamin , Adib Ali , Shamohammadi Iman 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and functional outcomes of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (m-TURP) without and with the preservation of urethral mucosa at the prostatic apex.

Materials and methods:
In a retrospective study from June 2018 to June 2020, 53 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who undertook m-TURP were included in the study. The patients who underwent conventional m-TURP were considered group A (n = 26) and those who were operated by m-TURP with preserved prostate apex were considered group B (n = 27). Preoperative and operative parameters, postoperative complications, urinary incontinence (UI), postoperative 6-month functional outcomes including International Prostate Symptom Score, International Index of Erectile Function score, and peak flow rates (Q max) were assessed and compared between groups.

Results:
All preoperative parameters were similar in both groups without significant differences (P > 0.05). In group A, the mean operative time was significantly longer (40.59 ± 5.20 versus 33.84 ± 4.44 minutes), and intraoperative blood loss was significantly more (305 ± 63.4 versus 212.5 ± 65 mL) than in group B and both were statistically significant (P < 0.001 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Group B had significantly lower urge UI compared with group A (0% versus 23%; P = 0.008). Six-month follow-up data showed that the International Prostate Symptom Score, International Index of Erectile Function score, and Q max were improved in both groups with no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Our results indicate that preservation of urethral mucosa at the prostatic apex can be associated with a lower incidence of early postoperative urge UI, less operative blood loss, and shorter operative length, thus improving surgical efficiency.
Integrated genetic analysis identifies a protective effect of MSRA against renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chang Chi-Fen , Huang Shu-Pin , Hsueh Yu-Mei , Chen Pei-Ling , Lee Cheng-Hsueh , Geng Jiun-Hung , Huang Chao-Yuan , Bao Bo-Ying 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
Deficiencies in methionine sulfoxide reductase (MSR) enzymes, which function as a defense system against oxidative stress, have been linked to age-related diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to assess the association between genetic variants in MSR genes and susceptibility to renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Materials and methods:
We systematically evaluated the effects of 89 common MSR gene polymorphisms on the risk of developing RCC in a cohort of 630 patients and controls. Furthermore, publicly available gene expression datasets were used to analyze gene expression and patient prognosis.

Results:
After adjusting for covariates and multiple testing corrections, MSRA rs56198596 and rs11782000 showed significant associations with the risk of RCC. Analysis of expression quantitative trait loci indicated that the risk alleles of these 2 variants tended to correlate with reduced MSRA expression. Pooled analyses of 19 kidney cancer gene expression datasets revealed that RCC exhibited lower MSRA expression than did normal tissues (P < 0.001) and that higher MSRA expression was associated with improved patient prognosis (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that MSRA gene variants may affect the risk of RCC, highlighting the potential protective role of MSRA and its contribution to a favorable RCC prognosis.