bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traveling Waves with Multiple and Nonconvex Fronts for a Bistable Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Authors: del Pino Manuel , Kowalczyk Michał , Wei Juncheng 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe construct new examples of traveling wave solutions to the bistable and balanced semilinear parabolic equation in
\input amssym ${\Bbb R}^N+1$, $N\geq 2$. Our first example is that of a traveling wave solution with two non planar fronts that move with the same speed. Our second example is a traveling wave solution with a nonconvex moving front. To our knowledge no existence results of traveling fronts with these type of geometric characteristics have been previously known. Our approach explores a connection between solutions of the semilinear parabolic PDE and eternal solutions to the mean curvature flow in \input amssym ${\Bbb R}^N+1$.
Performance analysis of cooperative network over Nakagami and Rician fading channels
Authors: Khan I. , Rajatheva N. , Tanoli S. A. , Jan S. 
Published: January 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents an analysis on the performance of single‐relay and multiple fixed‐relay cooperative network. The relay nodes operate in amplify‐and‐forward (AF) mode and transmit the signal through orthogonal channels. We consider maximal‐ratio combining at the destination to get the spatial diversity by adding the received signals coherently. The closed‐form moment‐generating function (MGF) for the total equivalent signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) is derived. The exact expressions of symbol‐error rate, outage capacity, and outage probability are obtained using the closed‐form MGF for single‐relay and multiple‐relay cooperative network with M‐ary phase shift keying (M‐PSK) and M‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M‐QAM) over independent and non‐identical Nakagami‐m channels and Rician fading channels. The approximated closed‐form expression of ergodic capacity is derived for both Nakagami‐m and Rician fading channels. The performance of the system is analyzed at various relay locations. The theoretical results are then compared with the simulation results obtained for binary PSK, quadrature PSK, and 16‐QAM modulation schemes to verify the analysis. Here, the expressions derived can be easily and more efficiently used to compute the performance parameters than doing Monte Carlo simulations. It is shown that cooperation is significant only for low K values for Rician by plotting cooperation gain versus K. The results show that the cooperative network performs best when the relay is located in the middle of source to destination link, at lower SNR values, and the performance of the system is worst if the relay is located closer to the source than to the destination. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epigenetic regulation of adaptive responses of forest tree species to the environment
Authors: Bräutigam Katharina , Vining Kelly J. , Lafon‐Placette Clément , Fossdal Carl G. , Mirouze Marie , Marcos José Gutiérrez , Fluch Silvia , Fraga Mario Fernández , Guevara M. Ángeles , Abarca Dolores , Johnsen Øystein , Maury Stéphane , Strauss Steven H. , Campbell Malcolm M. , Rohde Antje , Díaz‐Sala Carmen , Cervera María‐Teresa 
Published: January 2013

AbstractEpigenetic variation is likely to contribute to the phenotypic plasticity and adaptative capacity of plant species, and may be especially important for long‐lived organisms with complex life cycles, including forest trees. Diverse environmental stresses and hybridization/polyploidization events can create reversible heritable epigenetic marks that can be transmitted to subsequent generations as a form of molecular “memory”. Epigenetic changes might also contribute to the ability of plants to colonize or persist in variable environments. In this review, we provide an overview of recent data on epigenetic mechanisms involved in developmental processes and responses to environmental cues in plant, with a focus on forest tree species. We consider the possible role of forest tree epigenetics as a new source of adaptive traits in plant breeding, biotechnology, and ecosystem conservation under rapid climate change.
A Modified Synthetic Pathway for the Synthesis of so far Inaccessible N1‐Functionalized Tetrazole Ligands – Synthesis and Characterization of the 1D Chain‐Type Spin Crossover Compound [Fe(3ditz)3](BF4)2
Authors: Müller Danny , Knoll Christian , Stöger Berthold , Artner Werner , Reissner Michael , Weinberger Peter 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA modified phase‐transfer‐catalyst‐assisted synthetic pathway was developed that widens the pool of accessible 1‐substituted tetrazoles, which are possible ligands for iron(II) spin‐crossover compounds. Within the family of α,ω‐bis(tetrazol‐1‐yl)alkanes, a series of ligands and their respective iron(II) spin‐crossover compounds were synthesized and structurally and spectroscopically characterized in the past. The classical route to prepare these ligands is based on the respective amino‐precursors. Hence the pool of accessible compounds is limited by the commercial or synthetical availability of α,ω‐diaminoalkanes. Furthermore, the concomitant transformation to the tetrazole moieties turns out to be easier for diamino‐alkanes with an even number of carbon atoms than for those with an odd number. In line with this observation, the shortest odd‐numbered homologues such as 1,1‐bis(tetrazol‐1‐yl)methane (1ditz) and 1,3‐bis(tetrazol‐1‐yl)propane (3ditz) were inaccessible so far. In this paper, we report the successful preparation and characterisation of the classically inaccessible 1,3‐bis(tetrazol‐1‐yl)propane (3ditz) and of its spin‐crossover complex [Fe(3ditz)3](BF4)2, which features an abrupt and almost complete spin transition at T${1 \over 2}$ = 159 K. The single‐crystal X‐ray structure of the low‐spin and the high‐spin species is presented. The magnetic data are supported by variable‐temperature IR, UV/Vis/NIR, and 57Fe Mössbauer spectra.
Cytokine secretion from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured in vitro with metal particles
Authors: Cachinho Sandra C. P. , Pu Fanrong , Hunt John A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe failure of implanted medical devices can be associated with changes in the production of cytokines by cells of the immune system. Cytokines released by peripheral blood mononuclear cells upon contact with metal particles were quantified to understand their role in implantation intergration and their importance as messengers in the recruitment of T‐lymphocytes at the implantation site. Opsonization was utilised to understand the influence of serum proteins on particle‐induced cytokine production and release. Different metal compositions were used in the particulate format, Titanium (Ti), Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V), and Stainless Steel 316L (SS), and were cultured in vitro with a mixed population of monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes. The cells were also exposed to an exogenous stimulant mixture of phytohemagglutinin‐P and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) and opsonized particles with human serum. Interleukins, IL‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, IFN‐γ, and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) were investigated using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay as they are an indicator of the inflammation evoked by particulate metals. It has been experimentally evidenced that metal particles induced higher amounts of IL‐6 and IL‐1 but very low amounts of TNF‐α. T‐lymphocyte activation was evaluated by the quantification of IL‐2 and IFN‐γ levels. The results showed that nonopsonized and opsonized metal particles did not induce the release of increased levels of IL‐2 and IFN‐γ. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
Study on the Attractive Electroanalytical Performance of Carbon‐Ionic Liquid Paste Electrode
Authors: Zhang Xuzhi , Li Meng , Zhao Jun , Chen Bijuan , Qu Keming 
Published: January 2013

AbstractCarbon paste electrode made of graphite and ionic liquid n‐octylpyridinum hexafluorophosphate (OPFP) displays many attractive electroanalytical abilities towards lots of species, allowing sensitive, low‐potential, simple, low‐cost, and stable performances. Herein a new hypothesis is proposed to explain the formation of these performances based on the results of electrochemical, scanning electron microscopic and transmission electron microscopic investigations. The mechanical force produces mono‐ or multi‐layered graphene during the grinding process. And the OPFP molecules are prone to combine with the graphene, which cause the avoidance of the agglomeration of the exfoliated flakes. The presence of graphene, which is edge plane characteristic, provides high density of electrochemical reactive sites on the surface of the electrode.
Mouse brain fixation to preserve In vivo manganese enhancement for ex vivo manganese‐enhanced MRI
Authors: Liu Yutong , Sajja Balasrinivasa R. , Gendelman Howard E. , Boska Michael D. 
Published: January 2013

PurposeTo develop a tissue fixation method that preserves in vivo manganese enhancement for ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The needs are clear, as conventional in vivo manganese‐enhanced MRI (MEMRI) applied to live animals is time‐limited, hence limited in spatial resolution and signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). Ex vivo applications can achieve superior spatial resolution and SNR through increased signal averaging and optimized radiofrequency coil designs. A tissue fixation method that preserves in vivo Mn2+ enhancement postmortem is necessary for ex vivo MEMRI.Materials and MethodsT1 measurements and T1‐weighted MRI were performed on MnCl2‐administered mice. The mice were then euthanized and the brains were fixed using one of two brain tissue fixation methods: aldehyde solution or focused beam microwave irradiation (FBMI). MRI was then performed on the fixed brains.ResultsT1 values and T1‐weighted signal contrasts were comparable between in vivo and ex vivo scans on aldehyde‐fixed brains. FBMI resulted in the loss of Mn2+ enhancement.ConclusionAldehyde fixation, not FBMI, maintained in vivo manganese enhancement for ex vivo MEMRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:482–487. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Segmental copy number loss in the region of Semaphorin 4D gene in patients with acetabular dysplasia
Authors: Sekimoto Tomohisa , Ishii Miho , Emi Mitsuru , Kurogi Syuji , Funamoto Taro , Hamada Hiroaki , Chosa Etsuo 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAcetabular dysplasia (AD) appears to be a multi‐factorial disease, which may involve both genetic and environmental factors and whose pathogenesis remains obscure. The present study aims to identify a genetic variation that might confer risk of AD. We performed whole‐genome screening of a copy number variation (CNV) using a deCODE‐Illumina CNV beadchip with 20 female AD patients and 131 control subjects. Subsequently, Agilent's region‐targeted high‐density oligonucleotide tiling microarray was used to analyze 64 female AD patients and 32 female control subjects. By sequential analyses, we found a copy number loss in 18 of 64 AD patients, but none in the 32 controls. The loss occurred within a 472 kb region on 9q22.2, which harbors the gene for Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D; 18/64 vs. 0/32, p = 4.81 × 10−4, OR = 25.86). We suggest that a copy number loss of the Sema4D gene region may play a role in the etiology of AD. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 957–961, 2013
Cartilage‐on‐cartilage versus metal‐on‐cartilage impact characteristics and responses
Authors: Heiner Anneliese D. , Smith Abigail D. , Goetz Jessica E. , Goreham‐Voss Curtis M. , Judd Kyle T. , McKinley Todd O. , Martin James A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA common in vitro model for studying acute mechanical damage in cartilage is to impact an isolated osteochondral or cartilage specimen with a metallic impactor. The mechanics of a cartilage‐on‐cartilage (COC) impact, as encountered in vivo, are likely different than those of a metal‐on‐cartilage (MOC) impact. The hypothesis of this study was that impacted in vitro COC and MOC specimens would differ in their impact behavior, mechanical properties, chondrocyte viability, cell metabolism, and histologic structural damage. Osteochondral specimens were impacted with either an osteochondral plug or a metallic cylinder at the same delivered impact energy per unit area, and processed after 14 days in culture. The COC impacts resulted in about half of the impact maximum stress and a quarter of the impact maximum stress rate of change, as compared to the MOC impacts. The impacted COC specimens had smaller changes in mechanical properties, smaller decreases in chondrocyte viability, higher total proteoglycan content, and less histologic structural damage, as compared to the impacted MOC specimens. If MOC impact conditions are to be used for modeling of articular injuries and post‐traumatic osteoarthritis, the differences between COC and MOC impacts must be kept in mind. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 887–893, 2013
Biaxial mechanics and inter‐lamellar shearing of stem‐cell seeded electrospun angle‐ply laminates for annulus fibrosus tissue engineering
Authors: Driscoll Tristan P. , Nakasone Ryan H. , Szczesny Spencer E. , Elliott Dawn M. , Mauck Robert L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe annulus fibrosus (AF) of the intervertebral disk plays a critical role in vertebral load transmission that is heavily dependent on the microscale structure and composition of the tissue. With degeneration, both structure and composition are compromised, resulting in a loss of AF mechanical function. Numerous tissue engineering strategies have addressed the issue of AF degeneration, but few have focused on recapitulation of AF microstructure and function. One approach that allows for generation of engineered AF with appropriate (+/−)30° lamellar microstructure is the use of aligned electrospun scaffolds seeded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and assembled into angle‐ply laminates (APL). Previous work indicates that opposing lamellar orientation is necessary for development of near native uniaxial tensile properties. However, most native AF tensile loads are applied biaxially, as the disk is subjected to multi‐axial loads and is constrained by its attachments to the vertebral bodies. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the biaxial mechanical response of engineered AF bilayers, and to determine the importance of opposing lamellar structure under this loading regime. Opposing bilayers, which replicate native AF structure, showed a significantly higher modulus in both testing directions compared to parallel bilayers, and reached ∼60% of native AF biaxial properties. Associated with this increase in biaxial properties, significantly less shear, and significantly higher stretch in the fiber direction, was observed. These results provide additional insight into native tissue structure–function relationships, as well as new benchmarks for engineering functional AF tissue constructs. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 864–870, 2013
Is Illinois heeding the call to regionalize pancreatic surgery?
Authors: Hayman Amanda V. , Fisher Matthew J. , Kluz Thomas , Merkow Ryan P. , Wang Edward C. , Bentrem David J. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesRecommendations to refer pancreatic procedures to high‐volume centers have been in place for a decade. We sought to determine whether regionalization of pancreatic procedures to high‐volume centers is occurring in Illinois.MethodsWe compared pancreatic procedures performed in Illinois hospitals from 2000 to 2004 [time period (TP) 1] versus 2005–2009 (TP2) for changes in inpatient mortality and hospital volume. Hospitals were categorized into low‐ (LVH), intermediate‐ (IVH), or high‐volume (HVH).ResultsFrom TP1 to TP2, there was a 23% increase in absolute case volume (2,232–2,737), despite fewer hospitals performing pancreatic procedures (114–95). In hospital mortality decreased (5.5–3.3%, P < 0.01) and was lowest at HVHs. LVHs and IVHs were associated with a 4.7 and 3.0 higher odds of mortality, respectively (both P < 0.001). Overall, HVHs performed 659 (+73%) more procedures, whereas cumulative procedure volume dropped by 154 cases at LVHs (+1%) and IVHs (−18%).ConclusionsWe observed limited evidence of regionalization of pancreatic procedures in Illinois. The increase in HVH case volume cannot be solely attributed to regionalization, given the corresponding modest decrease seen at non‐HVHs. There is opportunity for Illinois hospitals to implement strategies such as selective referral to improve mortality after pancreatic resection. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:685–691. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of the Ideal Surfactant Concentration in Miniemulsion Polymerization
Authors: Hecht Lena Lore , Schoth Alexander , Muñoz‐Espí Rafael , Javadi Aliyar , Köhler Karsten , Miller Reinhard , Landfester Katharina , Schuchmann Heike Petra 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIn a miniemulsion polymerization, droplets are transformed to polymer particles keeping the particle size and composition during polymerization. To avoid changes due to coalescence or secondary nucleation, the surfactant concentration has to be adjusted according to the materials used and to the droplet size that is resulting from the emulsification process. To calculate the ideal surfactant concentration, it is important to know how many molecules are solved in the continuous phase. Therefore, a new method to calculate the ratio between adsorbed and dissolved surfactant molecules is presented and used to calculate the ideal surfactant concentration for polymerization of MMA miniemulsion droplets. The adsorption behavior of the surfactant is observed to influence the nucleation mechanism in miniemulsion polymerization significantly. This knowledge can be used to facilitate the design of the miniemulsion polymerization process.magnified image
Predicting future popularity trend of events in microblogging platforms
Authors: Gupta Manish , Gao Jing , Zhai ChengXiang , Han Jiawei 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe fast information sharing on Twitter from millions of users all over the world leads to almost real‐time reporting of events. It is extremely important for business and administrative decision makers to learn events' popularity as quickly as possible, as it can buy extra precious time for them to make informed decisions. Therefore, we introduce the problem of predicting future popularity trend of events on microblogging platforms. Traditionally, trend prediction has been performed by using time series analysis of past popularity to forecast the future popularity changes. As we can encode the rich Twitter dynamics using a rich variety of features from microblogging data, we explore regression, classification and hybrid approaches, using a large set of popularity, social and event features, to predict event popularity. Experimental results on two real datasets of 18382 events extracted from ∼133 million tweets show the effectiveness of the extracted features and learning approaches. The predicted popularity trend of events can be directly used for a variety of applications including recommendation systems, ad keywords bidding price decisions, stock trading decisions, dynamic ticket pricing for sports events, etc.
Identification of eight candidate target genes of the recurrent 3p12–p14 loss in cervical cancer by integrative genomic profiling
Authors: Lando Malin , Wilting Saskia M , Snipstad Kristin , Clancy Trevor , Bierkens Mariska , Aarnes Eva‐Katrine , Holden Marit , Stokke Trond , Sundfør Kolbein , Holm Ruth , Kristensen Gunnar B , Steenbergen Renske DM , Lyng Heidi 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe pathogenetic role, including its target genes, of the recurrent 3p12–p14 loss in cervical cancer has remained unclear. To determine the onset of the event during carcinogenesis, we used microarray techniques and found that the loss was the most frequent 3p event, occurring in 61% of 92 invasive carcinomas, in only 2% of 43 high‐grade intraepithelial lesions (CIN2/3), and in 33% of 6 CIN3 lesions adjacent to invasive carcinomas, suggesting a role in acquisition of invasiveness or early during the invasive phase. We performed an integrative DNA copy number and expression analysis of 77 invasive carcinomas, where all genes within the recurrent region were included. We selected eight genes, THOC7, PSMD6, SLC25A26, TMF1, RYBP, SHQ1, EBLN2, and GBE1, which were highly down‐regulated in cases with loss, as confirmed at the protein level for RYBP and TMF1 by immunohistochemistry. The eight genes were subjected to network analysis based on the expression profiles, revealing interaction partners of proteins encoded by the genes that were coordinately regulated in tumours with loss. Several partners were shared among the eight genes, indicating crosstalk in their signalling. Gene ontology analysis showed enrichment of biological processes such as apoptosis, proliferation, and stress response in the network and suggested a relationship between down‐regulation of the eight genes and activation of tumourigenic pathways. Survival analysis showed prognostic impact of the eight‐gene signature that was confirmed in a validation cohort of 74 patients and was independent of clinical parameters. These results support the role of the eight candidate genes as targets of the 3p12–p14 loss in cervical cancer and suggest that the strong selection advantage of the loss during carcinogenesis might be caused by a synergetic effect of several tumourigenic processes controlled by these targets. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does body mass index at diagnosis or weight change during therapy predict toxicity or survival in intermediate risk rhabdomyosarcoma? A report from the Children's Oncology Group soft tissue sarcoma committee
Authors: Burke Megan E. , Lyden Elizabeth R. , Meza Jane L. , Ladas Elena J. , Dasgupta Roshni , Wiegner Ellen A. , Arndt Carola A.S. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundWeight loss prevalence and its impact on toxicities and survival in intermediate risk rhabdomyosarcoma (IRMS) patients are unknown. We evaluated the association between weight change during therapy and number of toxicities, hospital days, infections, and overall survival and between baseline body mass index (BMI) and survival in patients treated on Children's Oncology Group trial D9803.ProcedureFour hundred sixty‐eight IRMS patients age ≥2 and <21 years treated on D9803 had required data. Regression models evaluated association between weight loss from baseline and toxicities, hospital days, infections, and survival. Kaplan–Meier curves and regression models evaluated baseline BMI percentile's association with survival.ResultsThirty‐five percent and 37% of patients had >5% weight loss at 12 and 24 weeks, respectively, with 16% and 19% losing >10% weight respectively. Greater than 10% weight loss at 24 weeks was associated with more toxicities and hospital days during subsequent therapy but not infection rate or survival. Baseline underweight patients (<5th percentile BMI) had borderline inferior survival compared with baseline average weight patients while there was no difference in survival seen between average weight and overweight or obese patients.ConclusionsNearly one in five IRMS patients experienced >10% weight loss on therapy. This was associated with increased toxicity but not decreased survival compared with patients who had less weight loss. Baseline BMI percentile trended toward a significant association with survival. Future studies might investigate nutritional impact on quality of life and if weight loss is preventable by early nutritional intervention. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60: 748–753. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.