bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation among Women for Antenatal Care at Mwembeladu Hospital, Zanzibar
Authors: Okafor Chukwuma J. , Bayard Rodolfo Isidro Bosch , Martin Diane Millo , Mahmoud Salma , Yusuf Said A. , Lilian Minja T. , Adejumo E N , Hilal Nibras M. , Khamis Tarik A. , Haji Asila M. , Ali Rayan J. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Daily iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) during pregnancy reduces the risk of all types of maternal anaemia and iron deficiency anaemia at term; despite the WHO recommendations, pregnant women are still vulnerable because the use of Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation is still low in many countries including Tanzania. Therefore, the study aims to comprehensively understand the prevalence and factors associated with non-adherence to Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation among pregnant women attending Antenatal Care at Mwembeladu Hospital. Achieving this objective will contribute to developing effective strategies to improve IFAS adherence.
Methodology: The study was cross-sectional and ANC-based, using questionnaires. Questionnaires were distributed to the 260 pregnant women attending ANC at Mwembeladu Hospital. Data were analyzed using SPSS computer software version 22.
Results: Our study showed that 52.7% had more than 4 ANC visits. Based on self-reported adherence, about (61.9%) of pregnant women were taking IFAS supplementation, and (38.1%) were not taking IFAS completely. Among those taking IFAS, (60.2%) out of 161 pregnant women were taking four tablets per week as recommended by WHO, and (39.8%) out of 161 were not following the WHO recommendations. Therefore, out of 260, zero adherence was 38.1%, poor adherence was 24.6%, and good adherence was 37.3%. Hence, 62.7% were non-adherent to IFAS supplementation as recommended by WHO. Also, the result showed that the major factors militating against pregnant women taking IFAS are lack of knowledge of IFAS (22.1%), side effects of IFAS (19%), forgetfulness (18.4%), and lack of understanding of anaemia (12.3%).
Conclusion: Overall, the adherence to IFAS among pregnant women was low and did not meet the WHO recommendations for preventing and treating anaemia during pregnancy. Socio-demographic factors, including occupation and education level, maternal characteristics, parity, and gestation age, are not significantly associated with adherence to IFAS. Factors associated with poor adherence to IFAS include side effects, failure to access IFAS, forgetfulness, and knowledge about anaemia and IFAS. Healthcare facilities and providers should strengthen the system to create community awareness of IFAS, its benefits, and side effects, as this will help increase adherence to IFAS among pregnant women.
Optimization of Operational Parameters on Harvesting Efficiency of Lathyrus Harvester Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Tuteja H. S. , Naik R. K. , Pandey Shubham 
Published: August 2024

Lathyrus crop [Lathyrus sativus (L.)] or grass pea is the third most important cool-season pulse crop of India, occupying an area of 0.58 million ha with an annual production of 0.43 million tonnes. The productivity is fluctuates between 369 to 605kg/ha. Traditionally, farmers harvest lathyrus by either hand-pulling or using a sickle, methods that are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and cause significant discomfort to farmers. Till date, the traditional method (manually hand plucking/sickle) is the prevailing practice in Chhattisgarh. Due to rising labor costs, labor scarcity during peak seasons, and unpredictable weather, manual harvesting has become uneconomical. There is an urgent need of introducing modern practices for harvesting of the crop. Traditional testing and statistical analysis methods used in most existing studies are limited by complex test processes, their time-consuming nature, high costs, and poor prediction accuracy. To address these problems Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimizing the performance parameters. Effects of various parameters viz. reel speed, cutter bar speed and height of cut which is considered as the heart of harvesting machine was evaluated to get optimum harvesting efficiency of developed tractor operated lathyrus harvester. The optimum harvesting efficiency of 90% was found at 30 mm height of cut, 250 rpm cutter bar speed and 12.5 rpm respectively.
Subregional‐scale groundwater depletion detected by GRACE for both shallow and deep aquifers in North China Plain
Authors: Huang Zhiyong , Pan Yun , Gong Huili , Yeh Pat J.‐F. , Li Xiaojuan , Zhou Demin , Zhao Wenji 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis study explores the capability of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) to detect heterogeneous groundwater storage (GWS) variations in two subregions of the North China Plain: the Piedmont Plain (PP, ~54,000 km2, mainly exploiting shallow groundwater) and East Central Plain (ECP, ~86,000 km2, mainly exploiting deep groundwater). Results show that the GWS anomalies estimated from GRACE data (2003–2013) agree well with those estimated from in situ observations (2005–2010) for both PP (R2 = 0.91) and ECP (R2 = 0.75). The shallow GWS (2003–2013) in PP declines faster (−46.5 ± 6.8 mm/yr) than the deep GWS in ECP (−16.9 ± 1.9 mm/yr). However, the shallow GWS in PP recovered more quickly especially during the 2008–2011 drought period. Despite its lower magnitude, the GRACE‐derived GWS depletion in ECP reveals the overexploitation of deep GWS. This study demonstrated that the heterogeneous GWS variations can potentially be detected by GRACE at the subregional scale smaller than the typical GRACE footprint (200,000 km2).
Receiver functions and crustal structure of the northwestern Andean region, Colombia
Authors: Poveda Esteban , Monsalve Gaspar , Vargas Carlos Alberto 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWe used the receiver function technique to deduce crustal thickness beneath the northwestern Andean system, using data from the permanent seismic network of Colombia, combined with some of the IRIS and CTBTO stations in Colombia and Ecuador. The estimation of crustal thickness was made using the primaryPtosconversion and crustal reverberations. The bulk crustalVP/VSratio was constrained using a crustal thickness versusVP/VSstacking method, in addition to estimations using a time to depth conversion technique based on results of a modified Wadati diagram analysis. We observed a wide range of crustal thicknesses, including values around 17 km beneath the Malpelo Island on the Pacific Ocean, 20 to 30 km at the coastal Pacific and Caribbean plains of Colombia, 25 to 40 km beneath the eastern plains and foothills, 35 km beneath the Western Cordillera, 45 km at the Magdalena River intermountain valley, 52 to 58 km under the northern Central Cordillera, and reaching almost 60 km beneath some of the volcanoes of the Southern Cordilleran system of Colombia; crustal thickness can be slightly greater than 60 km beneath the plateau of the Eastern Cordillera. The values ofVP/VSare particularly high for some of the stations on the volcanic centers, reaching values above 1.79, probably related to the addition of mafic materials to the lower crust, and in the plateau of the Eastern Cordillera near Bogota, where we speculate about the possibility of crustal seismic anisotropy associated with shear zones.
Uplift histories of Africa and Australia from linear inverse modeling of drainage inventories
Authors: Rudge John F. , Roberts Gareth G. , White Nicky J. , Richardson Christopher N. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWe describe and apply a linear inverse model which calculates spatial and temporal patterns of uplift rate by minimizing the misfit between inventories of observed and predicted longitudinal river profiles. Our approach builds upon a more general, nonlinear, optimization model, which suggests that shapes of river profiles are dominantly controlled by upstream advection of kinematic waves of incision produced by spatial and temporal changes in regional uplift rate. Here we use the method of characteristics to solve a version of this problem. A damped, nonnegative, least squares approach is developed that permits river profiles to be inverted as a function of uplift rate. An important benefit of a linearized treatment is low computational cost. We have tested our algorithm by inverting 957 river profiles from both Africa and Australia. For each continent, the drainage network was constructed from a digital elevation model. The fidelity of river profiles extracted from this network was carefully checked using satellite imagery. River profiles were inverted many times to systematically investigate the trade‐off between model misfit and smoothness. Spatial and temporal patterns of both uplift rate and cumulative uplift were calibrated using independent geologic and geophysical observations. Uplift patterns suggest that the topography of Africa and Australia grew in Cenozoic times. Inverse modeling of large inventories of river profiles demonstrates that drainage networks contain coherent signals that record the regional growth of elevation.
Electrostatic reconnection in the ionosphere
Authors: Huba J. D. , Wu T.‐W. , Makela J. J. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractPostsunset equatorial plasma bubble merging is examined using the National Research Laboratory code SAMI3/equatorial spread F. It is found that bubbles merge through an “electrostatic reconnection” process. As multiple bubbles develop, the electrostatic potential associated with one bubble can connect with that of a neighboring bubble: this provides a pathway for the low‐density plasma in one bubble to flow into the adjoining bubble and merge with it. Additionally, high‐speed plasma channels (approximately greater than hundreds of meters per second) can develop during the merging process. Optical data is presented of equatorial plasma bubble evolution that suggests bubble merging occurs in the nighttime equatorial ionosphere.
Workers’ compensation claims for musculoskeletal disorders and injuries of the upper extremity and knee among union carpenters in Washington State, 1989–2008
Authors: Lipscomb Hester J. , Schoenfisch Ashley L. , Cameron Wilfrid , Kucera Kristen L. , Adams Darrin , Silverstein Barbara A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackgroundNumerous aspects of construction place workers at risk of musculoskeletal disorders and injuries (MSDIs). Work organization and the nature of MSDIs create surveillance challenges.MethodsBy linking union records with workers’ compensation claims, we examined 20‐year patterns of MSDIs involving the upper extremity (UE) and the knee among a large carpenter cohort.ResultsMSDIs were common and accounted for a disproportionate share of paid lost work time (PLT) claims; UE MSDIs were three times more common than those of the knee. Rates declined markedly over time and were most pronounced for MSDIs of the knee with PLT. Patterns of risk varied by extremity, as well as by age, gender, union tenure, and predominant work. Carpenters in drywall installation accounted for the greatest public health burden.ConclusionsA combination of factors likely account for the patterns observed over time and across worker characteristics. Drywall installers are an intervention priority. Am. J. Ind. Med. 58:428–436, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Brain–computer interface boosts motor imagery practice during stroke recovery
Authors: Pichiorri Floriana , Morone Giovanni , Petti Manuela , Toppi Jlenia , Pisotta Iolanda , Molinari Marco , Paolucci Stefano , Inghilleri Maurizio , Astolfi Laura , Cincotti Febo , Mattia Donatella 
Published: February 2015

ObjectiveMotor imagery (MI) is assumed to enhance poststroke motor recovery, yet its benefits are debatable. Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) can provide instantaneous and quantitative measure of cerebral functions modulated by MI. The efficacy of BCI‐monitored MI practice as add‐on intervention to usual rehabilitation care was evaluated in a randomized controlled pilot study in subacute stroke patients.MethodsTwenty‐eight hospitalized subacute stroke patients with severe motor deficits were randomized into 2 intervention groups: 1‐month BCI‐supported MI training (BCI group, n = 14) and 1‐month MI training without BCI support (control group; n = 14). Functional and neurophysiological assessments were performed before and after the interventions, including evaluation of the upper limbs by Fugl–Meyer Assessment (FMA; primary outcome measure) and analysis of oscillatory activity and connectivity at rest, based on high‐density electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings.ResultsBetter functional outcome was observed in the BCI group, including a significantly higher probability of achieving a clinically relevant increase in the FMA score (p < 0.03). Post‐BCI training changes in EEG sensorimotor power spectra (ie, stronger desynchronization in the alpha and beta bands) occurred with greater involvement of the ipsilesional hemisphere in response to MI of the paralyzed trained hand. Also, FMA improvements (effectiveness of FMA) correlated with the changes (ie, post‐training increase) at rest in ipsilesional intrahemispheric connectivity in the same bands (p < 0.05).InterpretationThe introduction of BCI technology in assisting MI practice demonstrates the rehabilitative potential of MI, contributing to significantly better motor functional outcomes in subacute stroke patients with severe motor impairments. Ann Neurol 2015;77:851–865
Influences of feeding strategies on AA and MAA carboxylated latexes
Authors: Ocepek Martin , Berce Peter , Razboršek Tina , Zabret Jožefa , Meng Lei , Soucek Mark D. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTSemibatch, power feed, and shot‐addition feeding strategies were employed to synthesize carboxylated latex under acidic conditions, using emulsion polymerization. As a source of carboxyl groups, acrylic (AA) or methacrylic acid (MAA) was used. The distribution of carboxyl groups between feeding strategies were investigated using rheology, potentiometric/conductometric titrations, transmission electron microscopy, and FT‐IR spectroscopy. Upon alkalization, particle swelling was observed using dynamic light scattering. With increasing pH, both the AA‐ and MAA‐based latexes showed significant increase in hydrodynamic diameter as a consequence of the dissociation state of carboxyl groups. However, only MAA‐based latexes exhibit very pronounced increase in viscosity and storage modulus, and were therefore characterized as gels. The effect of feeding strategies was found to be more pronounced with the MAA functionalized latexes. By employing mentioned three procedures, significant differences in the rheological behavior of the neutralized dispersions were detected. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42062.
Energetic Oxygen‐Containing Tetrazole Salts Based on 3,4‐Diaminotriazole
Authors: Wu Jin‐Ting , Zhang Jian‐Guo , Yin Xin , Wu Kun 
Published: February 2015

AbstractEnergetic mono‐ and dicationic 3,4‐diaminotriazolium salts have been prepared by combining stoichiometric amounts (1:1 or 2:1 molar ratio) of 3,4‐diaminotriazole with various oxygen‐containing tetrazoles, and the structures have been confirmed by single‐crystal XRD for the first time. All structures are dominated by a strong hydrogen‐bond network owing to both amino groups and oxygen in the molecule. All salts, except 7, exhibit excellent thermal stabilities with decomposition temperatures over 200 °C. Based on experimental densities and theoretical calculations carried out by using the Gaussian 03 suite of programs, all salts have calculated detonation pressures (20.3–33.9 GPa) and velocities (7095–8642 m s−1).
Quantifying the strength of land–atmosphere coupling in the 2004 North American monsoon
Authors: Feng Xia , Houser Paul 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis study examines the land–atmosphere coupling strength during the 2004 North American monsoon (NAM) using the ΔΩ index from ensemble model simulations. The strength of coupling varies geographically over different monsoon phases. The coupling strength over the entire monsoon period is primarily attributed to the monsoon mature phase with strong signal of coupling in the eastern NAM region. A decomposition of the land–atmosphere coupling suggests that land segment contributes to the strong coupling during the monsoon onset, mature phase and the overall monsoon season, while the atmospheric segment dominates the strong coupling during the decay phase.
The curriculum prerequisite network: Modeling the curriculum as a complex system
Authors: Aldrich Preston R. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis article advances the prerequisite network as a means to visualize the hidden structure in an academic curriculum. Networks have been used to represent a variety of complex systems ranging from social systems to biochemical pathways and protein interactions. Here, I treat the academic curriculum as a complex system with nodes representing courses and links between nodes the course prerequisites as readily obtained from a course catalogue. I show that the catalogue data can be rendered as a directed acyclic graph, which has certain desirable analytical features. Using metrics developed in mathematical graph theory, I characterize the overall structure of the undergraduate curriculum of Benedictine University along with that of its Biochemistry and Molecular Biology program. The latter program is shown to contain hidden community structure that crosses disciplinary boundaries. The overall curriculum is seen as partitioned into numerous isolated course groupings, the size of the groups varying considerably. Individual courses serve different roles in the organization, such as information sources, hubs, and bridges. The curriculum prerequisite network represents the intrinsic, hard‐wired constraints on the flow of information in a curriculum, and is the organizational context within which learning occurs. I explore some applications for advising and curriculum reform. © 2015 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 43(3):168–180, 2015.
Identification of absorbed constituents and metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of Shen‐Song‐Yang‐Xin using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Shi Tao , Yao Zhihong , Qin Zifei , Ding Bo , Dai Yi , Yao Xinsheng 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn this study, a rapid and sensitive method by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, and MetabolynxTMsoftware with mass defect filter technique was developed for screening and identification of the metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of Shen‐Song‐Yang‐Xin capsule (SSYX). A total of 92 SSYX‐related xenobiotics were identified or characterized, including 45 prototypes and 47 metabolites. The results indicated that the absorbed constituents and metabolites mainly came from benzocyclooctadiene lignans, tanshinones, isoquinoline alkaloids and triterpenic acids, while phase I reactions (e.g. hydrogenation, hydroxylation, demethylation) and phase II reaction (glucuronidation) were the main metabolic pathways of these ingredients in SSYX. This is the first study on metabolic profiling of SSYX in rat plasma after oral administration. Furthermore, these findings provide useful information on the potential bioactive compounds, and enhance our understanding of the action mechanism of SSYX. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Group Contribution Methods for Estimation of Ionic Liquid Heat Capacities: Critical Evaluation and Extension
Authors: Nancarrow Paul , Lewis Moira , AbouChacra Lamis 
Published: February 2015

AbstractRecently, new group contribution method (GCM) models have been developed for ionic liquids (ILs). However, difficulty arises in choosing an appropriate GCM for a given property estimation due to the fact that the reported accuracies do not enable meaningful comparison since they have been tested against different and limited datasets. Furthermore, many GCMs lack the parameters necessary to predict heat capacities for many new ILs. To overcome these problems, an extensive database of IL heat capacity data as a function of temperature was compiled and used to evaluate two different GCM approaches, analogously named the Meccano and Lego approaches, based on the nature of the fundamental building blocks used in each model. Although the Meccano approach was found to be slightly more accurate, the Lego approach has much broader applicability and is compatible with process simulation and IL design.
Host–Guest Chemistry of a Bis‐Calix[4]pyrrole Derivative Containing a trans/cis‐Switchable Azobenzene Unit with Several Aliphatic Bis‐Carboxylates
Authors: Cafeo Grazia , Kohnke Franz H. , Mezzatesta Giovanni , Profumo Aldo , Rosano Camillo , Villari Antonino , White Andrew J. P. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe azobenzene unit used as a photochemically and thermally switchable linker in the assembly of a bis‐calix[4]pyrrole receptor provides a means to modulate the binding of bis‐carboxylates of significant biological importance in cancer research. Conversely, the complexation of different bis‐anionic guests has significant kinetic effects on both the photochemical and thermal trans/cis isomerization of the azobenzene unit.
ChemInform Abstract: Linear Metal Chains in Ca2M2X (M: Pd, Pt; X: Al, Ge): Origin of the Pairwise Distortion and Its Role in the Structure Stability.
Authors: Doverbratt Isa , Ponou Simeon , Zhang Yuemei , Lidin Sven , Miller Gordon J. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe new compounds Ca2Pd2Ge (I), Ca2Pt2Ge (II), Ca2Pd2Al (III), and Ca2Pt2Al (IV) are prepared by melting and annealing mixtures of the elements (Ta ampules in evacuated silica tubes, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanide‐Activated Na5Gd9F32 Nanocrystals Precipitated from a Borosilicate Glass: Phase‐Separation‐Controlled Crystallization and Optical Property.
Authors: Chen Daqin , Wan Zhongyi , Zhou Yang , Chen Yan , Yu Hua , Lu Hongwei , Ji Zhenguo , Huang Ping 
Published: February 2015

AbstractTransparent oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing cubic Na5Gd9F32 nanocrystals are prepared from precursor glasses obtained from melts of 68SiO2/10B2O3/8AlF3/5NaF/ 9GdF3 (alumina crucible, 1600 °C, 30 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Room‐Temperature Polar Ferromagnet ScFeO3 Transformed from a High‐Pressure Orthorhombic Perovskite Phase.
Authors: Fujita Koji , et al. et al. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA LiNbO3‐type ScFeO3 metastable phase is prepared by high pressure/high temperature treatment (Kawai‐type apparatus, 15 GPa, 1450 °C, 30 min) of the orthorhombic perovskite prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of Sc2O3 and Fe2O3 (1400 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Reversible Topochemical Exsolution of Iron in BaFe2+2(PO4)2.
Authors: David Renald , Kabbour Houria , Filimonov Dmitry , Huve Marielle , Pautrat Alain , Mentre Olivier 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBoth long‐term air exposure of BaFe2(PO4)2 and moderate temperature of <375 °C leads to topochemical oxidation yielding iron‐depleted compounds BaFe2‐x(PO4)2 with mixed FeII/FeIII valence.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Route to Metal Azides.
Authors: Mueller Thomas G. , Karau Friedrich , Schnick Wolfgang , Kraus Florian 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMn(N3)2, Sn(N3)2, Eu(N3)2, Zn(N3)2, and their NH3 complexes are prepared through a low‐temperature method using a stoichiometric reaction of dissolved metals with AgN3 in absolutely H2O‐free NH3 (‐40 °C, 9‐10 d; yields given in gram) following NH3 removal by heating under high vacuum (1.
ChemInform Abstract: NaIn3S5, a New Compound from the CaS—In2S3/NaBr System.
Authors: Zeng Hui‐Yi , Zhang Ming‐Jian , Liu Bin‐Wen , Ye Ning , Zhao Zhong‐Yan , Zheng Fa‐Kun , Guo Guo‐Cong , Huang Jin‐Shun 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe new title compound is prepared from a mixture of In2S3 and CaS in the molar ratio of 3:2 using NaBr as a reactive flux (950 °C, 120 h, <75% yield).