bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SERRE WEIGHTS FOR LOCALLY REDUCIBLE TWO-DIMENSIONAL GALOIS REPRESENTATIONS
Authors: Diamond Fred , Savitt David 
Published: May 2014

Let $F$ be a totally real field, and $v$ a place of $F$ dividing an odd prime $p$. We study the weight part of Serre’s conjecture for continuous totally odd representations $\overline{{\it\rho}}:G_{F}\rightarrow \text{GL}_{2}(\overline{\mathbb{F}}_{p})$ that are reducible locally at $v$. Let $W$ be the set of predicted Serre weights for the semisimplification of $\overline{{\it\rho}}|_{G_{F_{v}}}$. We prove that, when $\overline{{\it\rho}}|_{G_{F_{v}}}$ is generic, the Serre weights in $W$ for which $\overline{{\it\rho}}$ is modular are exactly the ones that are predicted (assuming that $\overline{{\it\rho}}$ is modular). We also determine precisely which subsets of $W$ arise as predicted weights when $\overline{{\it\rho}}|_{G_{F_{v}}}$ varies with fixed generic semisimplification.
The transfer of European social policy concepts to tropical Africa, 1900–50: the example of maternal and child welfare
Authors: Lindner Ulrike 
Published: May 2014

AbstractConcerns about a sinking birth rate and possible ‘national degeneration’ led to the implementation of various measures in maternal and child welfare across Europe at the dawn of the twentieth century. Infant health was strongly connected with the idea of population as both a national and imperial resource. In the colonies of the imperial powers, similar issues started to be addressed later, mostly after the First World War, when colonial administrations, who until then had predominantly worried about the health of the white European colonizers, started to take an interest in the health of the indigenous population. This article investigates the transfer of maternal and infant health policies from Britain and Germany to their tropical African colonies and protectorates. It argues that colonial health policy developed in a complex interplay between imperial strategies and preconceptions as well as local reactions and demands, mostly reifying racial demarcation lines in colonial societies. It focuses on examples from German East Africa, which became the British Tanganyika mandate after the First World War, and from the British sub-Saharan colonies Kenya and Nigeria.
Flexible design of wide‐pipeline‐based WiMAX QC‐LDPC decoder architectures on FPGAs using high‐level synthesis
Authors: Andrade J. , Falcao G. , Silva V. 
Published: May 2014

A novel wide‐pipeline low‐density parity‐check (LDPC) decoder approach for the worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) standard (802.16e) is proposed for execution on field‐programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), using a high‐level synthesis tool to reduce the development effort and design validation time that generates a wide‐pipeline architecture. Optimised open computing language (OpenCL)‐based kernels are developed and the integration of distinct configurations of single instruction multiple data and compute units to increase the level of parallelism are analysed. The decoding throughput surpasses the minimal requirements of 75 Mbit/s, a key figure of merit that ranks the design with other very large‐scale integration‐based approaches. Furthermore, extra precision is deployed with 8‐bit fixed‐point arithmetic, delivering superior bit error rate performance and lower error floor regions.
1–5 GHz duty‐cycle corrector circuit with wide correction range and high precision
Authors: Qiu Yusong , Zeng Yun , Zhang Feng 
Published: May 2014

An all‐analogue feedback duty‐cycle corrector (DCC) circuit with high precision and frequency is presented to tighten duty cycle into an allowable range and compensate for duty‐cycle uncertainties in high‐speed interfaces. The proposed DCC is employed to calibrate the duty cycle of the clock to reduce the deterministic jitter introduced by the duty‐cycle distortion. It extracts the duty‐cycle information by a differential duty amplifier detection scheme and corrects the clock distortion by a duty‐cycle adjuster through the negative feedback loop. The DCC has improved robustness, correction range and operating frequency as compared with other DCCs. With post‐simulated results using 55 nm CMOS technology, the output duty cycle is corrected to 50 ± 0.1% over the input duty‐cycle range of 20–80% for 1–5 GHz. It consumes 3.6 mW at 3 GHz using a 1.2 V supply voltage and occupies an area of only 0.00174 mm2.
Wideband MIMO antenna with enhanced isolation for LTE, WiMAX and WLAN mobile handsets
Authors: Toktas A. , Akdagli A. 
Published: May 2014

A novel and compact wideband multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna for mobile terminals is presented. The proposed antenna operates over a wide frequency range of 1.79–3.77 GHz suitable for long‐term evolution (LTE), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) and wireless local area network (WLAN) handheld devices. The MIMO antenna structure consists of two identical radiators with a small size of 10 × 17.7 mm2 and a parasitic element with a T‐shape. The radiators, which comprise four branches with a meandered strip feed, are symmetrically located with respect to the T‐shaped parasitic element. The parasitic element is a novel design appended at the ground plane. By using this parasitic element, a better isolation performance has been achieved between the two radiators. The overall performance of the antenna in terms of s‐parameters, radiation pattern, gain and envelope correlation coefficient is investigated and verified through measurements. The results obtained show that the proposed antenna has attractive physical properties due to being small, compact and embeddable in mobile handsets, and has good characteristics of wideband, isolation, gain and radiation pattern.
UHF band switchable superconducting filter with pin diode switches
Authors: Song Xiaoke , Wei Bin , Cao Bisong , Guo Xubo , Zhang Xiaoping 
Published: May 2014

A low‐loss switchable superconducting filter is presented. High Q resonators loaded with switchable superconducting interdigital capacitors are introduced. A two‐pole 2‐bit switchable high‐temperature superconducting (HTS) filter at 516 MHz with a bandwidth of 29 MHz is designed and fabricated. The measured centre frequency tuning range is 33 MHz (6.4%). In all states, the HTS filter with pin diode switches exhibits an insertion loss <0.81 dB and a good return loss better than 16.8 dB.
Subthreshold DC‐gain enhancement by exploiting small size effects of MOSFETs
Authors: Yang Minhao , Liu Shih‐Chii , Delbruck Tobi 
Published: May 2014

A pseudo‐cascode split‐transistor technique is proposed for DC‐gain enhancement of amplifiers in the subthreshold by exploiting the small size effects of metal–oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) including the reverse short‐channel effect and the inverse narrow‐width effect. It requires no body‐biasing and occupies a small area. A compact 114 μm2 two‐stage amplifier with pseudo‐cascode compensation for in‐pixel amplification in vision sensors has been designed using the proposed technique. A total of 10 samples of split‐transistors and amplifiers fabricated in an UMC 0.18 μm standard CMOS process were measured. More than half of the tested split‐transistors show considerable DC‐gain enhancement over a wide range of bias currents and nine amplifiers have increased DC gains larger than 85 dB at about 4 nA power consumption.
Nanocrystals inside : fabrication de composants mémoires MOS à base de nanocristaux de silicium
Authors: Grisolia J. , Ben Assayag G. , Diaz R. , Duprat Ch. , Guerin F. , Capello C. , Rouabhi C. , Gessinn F. , Respaud M. 
Published: May 2014

Cet article présente une formation de courte durée, en salle blanche, donnant une approche
pratique complète du concept « NANO-INSIDE » appliqué à la réalisation de mémoire de type FLASH
par l’intégration de nanocristaux de silicium dans la technologie NMOS. Il aborde toutes les
opérations de fabrication des circuits intégrés de type « mémoires », ainsi que leurs caractérisations à
la fois matériaux et composants (électriques). In fine, le but est de montrer à un public étudiant
comment une information peut être mémorisée avec des objets nanométriques de façon durable et
conservée même sans alimentation.
Anatomical and scanning electron microscopic characteristics of the oropharyngeal cavity (tongue, palate and laryngeal entrance) in the southern lapwing (Charadriidae: Vanellus chilensis, Molina 1782)
Authors: Erdoğan Serkan , Pérez William 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis investigation aimed to determine the morphological characteristics of the tongue, palate and laryngeal entrance of southern lapwing by gross anatomy and scanning electron microscopy. For this purpose, the organs of three birds were used as material. Numerous densely distributed acicular projections were found on the lingual apex. Papillary crest consisting of sharp conical papillae were observed between the body and root of the tongue. Conical papillae of the lateral border of the papillary crest were triangular in form, and other conical papillae of the papillary crest were shorter in form. There were no papillary projections or papillae on the smooth surfaces of the lingual body and radix. On the median part of the palate, larger conical papillae, which were directed caudally, also surrounded entrance of the choanal cleft. The transversal papillary rows of conical papillae were observed between the rostral and caudal parts of the choanal cleft and on the caudal border of the infundibular cleft. The laryngeal entrance was surrounded by smooth mucosa without conical papillae. However, in the caudal border of the glottic fissure, there was a conical papillary row formed by numerous conical papillae. There were no anatomical differences between female and male birds.
Environmentally driven evolution of Rubisco and improved photosynthesis and growth within the C3 genus Limonium (Plumbaginaceae)
Authors: Galmés Jeroni , Andralojc P. John , Kapralov Maxim V. , Flexas Jaume , Keys Alfred J. , Molins Arántzazu , Parry Martin A. J. , Conesa Miquel À. 
Published: May 2014

Summary

Carbon assimilation by most ecosystems requires ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). Its kinetic parameters are likely to have evolved in parallel with intracellular CO2 availability, with the result that faster forms of Rubisco occur in species with CO2‐concentrating mechanisms.

The Rubisco catalytic properties were determined and evaluated in relation to growth and carbon assimilation capacity in Mediterranean Limonium species, inhabiting severe stress environments.

Significant kinetic differences between closely related species depended on two amino acid substitutions at functionally important residues 309 and 328 within the Rubisco large subunit. The Rubisco of species facing the largest CO2 restrictions during drought had relatively high affinity for CO2 (low Michaelis–Menten constant for CO2 (Kc)) but low maximum rates of carboxylation ( ), while the opposite was found for species that maintained higher CO2 concentrations under similar conditions. Rubisco kinetic characteristics were correlated with photosynthetic rate in both well‐watered and drought‐stressed plants. Moreover, the drought‐mediated decrease in plant biomass accumulation was consistently lower in species with higher Rubisco carboxylase catalytic efficiency ( /Kc).

The present study is the first demonstration of Rubisco adaptation during species diversification within closely related C3 plants, revealing a direct relationship between Rubisco molecular evolution and the biomass accumulation of closely related species subjected to unfavourable conditions.
Genome Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteriophage KPP23, Belonging to the Family
Siphoviridae
Authors: Yamaguchi Kotoe , Miyata Reina , Shigehisa Ryu , Uchiyama Jumpei , Takemura-Uchiyama Iyo , Kato Shin-Ichiro , Ujihara Takako , Sakaguchi Yoshihiko , Daibata Masanori , Matsuzaki Shigenobu 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Bacteriophage (phage) therapy is expected to become an alternative therapy for
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
infections.
P. aeruginosa
phage KPP23 is a newly isolated phage belonging to the family
Siphoviridae
and may be a therapeutic phage candidate. We report its complete genome, which comprises 62,774 bp of double-stranded DNA containing 95 open reading frames.
What controls porosity in cherty fine-grained carbonate reservoir rocks? Impact of stratigraphy, unconformities, structural setting and hydrothermal fluid flow: Mississippian, SE Kansas
Authors: Ramaker Erin M. , Goldstein Robert H. , Franseen Evan K. , Watney W. Lynn 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The localization and heterogeneity of carbonate oil and gas reservoirs are commonly controlled by extensive diagenetic alteration. Mississippian (Osagean–Meramecian) strata in SE Kansas are investigated to determine structural, relative sea-level, diagenetic and depositional controls on stratigraphy, lithofacies distribution and reservoir character. This project shows how karst horizons and fractured zones can provide preferred conduits for hydrothermal porosity enhancement. Thus, enhanced porosity in karst horizons may have a late origin, with chemically aggressive hydrothermal fluids following preferred pathways of fluid flow.
Lithofacies include echinoderm-rich bioclastic wacke–packstone, sponge-spicule-rich packstone, dolomitic bioclastic wackestone, argillaceous dolomite, tripolitic chert and chert breccia. Four cores are used to construct a 10 mile-long SW–NE-trending cross-section, showing three genetic units deposited on a mostly south-facing distally steepened ramp, with periods of upwelling.
Paragenesis reveals that early and late dissolution enhances porosity in chert and carbonate facies. Fluid inclusion microthermometry from megaquartz and baroque dolomite reveals variable but increasing homogenization temperatures (70–160 °C) and increasing salinity through time. The best reservoirs may be controlled by depositional setting that led to large amounts of chert, alteration associated with subaerial exposure, and a hydrological and structural setting that led to enhanced hydrothermal fluid flow for later dissolution.
Capillary-Wall Collagen as a Biophysical Marker of Nanotherapeutic Permeability into the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Yokoi Kenji , Kojic Milos , Milosevic Miljan , Tanei Tomonori , Ferrari Mauro , Ziemys Arturas 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The capillary wall is the chief barrier to tissue entry of therapeutic nanoparticles, thereby dictating their efficacy. Collagen fibers are an important component of capillary walls, affecting leakiness in healthy or tumor vasculature. Using a computational model along with in vivo systems, we compared how collagen structure affects the diffusion flux of a 1-nm chemotherapeutic molecule [doxorubicin (DOX)] and an 80-nm chemotherapy-loaded pegylated liposome (DOX-PLD) in tumor vasculature. We found a direct correlation between the collagen content around a tumor vessel to the permeability of that vessel permeability to DOX-PLD, indicating that collagen content may offer a biophysical marker of extravasation potential of liposomal drug formulations. Our results also suggested that while pharmacokinetics determined the delivery of DOX and DOX-PLD to the same tumor phenotype, collagen content determined the extravasation of DOX-PLD to different tumor phenotypes. Transport physics may provide a deeper view into how nanotherapeutics cross biological barriers, possibly helping explain the balance between biological and physical aspects of drug delivery. Cancer Res; 74(16); 4239–46. ©2014 AACR.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence stroke rehabilitation guidance – is it useful, usable, and based on best evidence?
Authors: Drummond Avril , Wade Derick T 
Published: May 2014

In the UK, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is responsible for producing clinical guidance based on sound evidence. In 2013 they produced guidance on Stroke Rehabilitation and this editorial outlines why this is not a useful guide for clinicians or commissioners. Primarily this is because NICE used inappropriate methods; the methods used are appropriate for evaluating drugs, but are inappropriate when applied to any complex intervention. Moreover, the actual recommendations are written in clinically unhelpful language. Future rehabilitation guidance should include ensuring that the team responsible for the guidance are all familiar with and understand the biospsychosocial model of illness and the nature of the rehabilitation process (which is not synonymous with therapy), setting a relevant and appropriate scope for a guideline, agreeing to use all evidence relevant to a particular question, and using a more appropriate way to evaluate evidence while recognising that rehabilitation is a complex intervention.
Formal and informal support of family caregivers managing medications for patients who receive end-of-life care at home: A cross-sectional survey of caregivers
Authors: Joyce Brian T , Berman Rebecca , Lau Denys T 
Published: May 2014

Background: Managing medications is a complex responsibility of family caregivers caring for end-of-life patients. This study characterizes caregivers with and without formal/informal support managing medications for patients who receive end-of-life care at home. Aim: To explore factors related to caregivers’ support with managing medications for end-of-life home hospice patients. Design: A convenience-sampled, cross-sectional telephone survey. Setting/participants: Computer-assisted telephone interviews were administered to 120 caregivers managing medications, who were referred by five Chicago-based home hospice services. We measured caregivers’ additional formal (paid) and informal (unpaid) support with managing medications, and caregiver/patient socio-demographic, relational, and health characteristics. Results: While 47 (39%) had no additional support with managing medications, 27 (22.5%) had formal support, 37 (31%) informal, and 9 (7.5%) both. Seven caregivers (19%) with formal and 13 (31%) with informal support reported disagreements concerning treatment plans. Caregivers lacking formal support tended to be racial/ethnic minorities, live with the patient in their home, or report greater emotional burden. Caregivers with formal support tended to report higher education/income, lower mutuality, or care for a patient with over 6 months’ hospice enrollment. Caregivers lacking informal support tended to be spousal caregivers, live with the patient, or have experience caring for another dying person. Conclusion: Our study suggests that high proportions of caregivers may not have support managing medications for patients receiving hospice care at home. More research should examine whether the observed variations in obtaining support indicate disparities or unmet needs among caregivers. Disagreement about treatment with formal/informal support also warrants further investigation.
Can we predict which hospitalised patients are in their last year of life? A prospective cross-sectional study of the Gold Standards Framework Prognostic Indicator Guidance as a screening tool in the acute hospital setting
Authors: O’Callaghan Anne , Laking George , Frey Rosemary , Robinson Jackie , Gott Merryn 
Published: May 2014

Background: Screening to identify hospital inpatients with a short life expectancy may be a way to improve care towards the end of life. The Gold Standards Framework Prognostic Indicator Guidance is a screening tool that has recently been advocated for use in the hospital setting. Aim: To assess the clinical utility of the Gold Standards Framework Prognostic Indicator Guidance as a screening tool in an acute hospital setting. Main outcome measures: Mortality at 6 and 12 months and sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of the Gold Standards Framework Prognostic Indicator Guidance at 1 year. Design, setting and participants: Prospective cross-sectional study of 501 adult inpatients in a tertiary New Zealand teaching hospital screened utilising the Gold Standards Framework Prognostic Indicator Guidance. Results: A total of 99 patients were identified as meeting at least one of the Gold Standards Framework Prognostic Indicator Guidance triggers. In this group, 6-month mortality was 56.6% and 12-month mortality was 67.7% compared with 5.2% and 10%, respectively, for those not identified as meeting the criteria. The sensitivity and specificity of the Gold Standards Framework Prognostic Indicator Guidance at 1 year were 62.6% and 91.9%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 67.7% and a negative predictive value of 90.0%. Conclusion: The sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of the Gold Standards Framework Prognostic Indicator Guidance in this study are comparable to, or better than, results of studies identifying patients with a limited life expectancy in particular disease states (e.g. heart failure and renal failure). Screening utilising the Gold Standards Framework Prognostic Indicator Guidance in the acute setting could be the first step towards implementing a more systematic way of addressing patient need – both current unrecognised and future anticipated – thereby improving outcomes for this population.
Changes in cognition, arm function and lower body function after Slow-Release Fampridine treatment
Authors: Jensen HB , Ravnborg M , Mamoei S , Dalgas U , Stenager E 
Published: May 2014

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of slow-release (SR) Fampridine on multiple outcome measures reflecting different domains, and to compare the responsiveness of the Six Spot Step Test (SSST) and the Timed 25 Foot Walk (T25FW). Methods: For this study 108 participants were included. On day 0 they were tested with the T25FW, the SSST, the 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT), the 5 Times Sit-To-Stand test (5-STS) and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Four weeks of treatment with SR Fampridine 10 mg BID was commenced. Participants were tested again after 26–28 days of treatment. Results: Mean changes observed were: SSST −3.4±6.4s ( p<0.001), T25FW −1.2±3.7s ( p<0.001), 9-HPT −1.2±6.0s ( p<0.001), 5- STS −3.4±7.2s ( p<0.001) and SDMT 1.4±4.8 a.u. ( p=0.003). Change on the SSST differed significantly from T25FW (SSST 17.0±19.6% vs. T25FW 11.2±17.1%, p=0.0013). Some 48.6% were found to have a meaningful change on the SSST compared with 25.7% on the T25FW. The response to treatment with SR Fampridine did not correlate with age, sex, Expanded Disability Status Scale and disease duration. Conclusion: SR Fampridine treatment has significant effects on different domains including upper and lower body and cognition. Furthermore, the SSST is more responsive to the effect of SR Fampridine than is the T25FW. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01656148