bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historical cancer incidence and mortality assessment in an Illinois community proximal to a former manufactured gas plant
Authors: Alexander Dominik D , Jiang Xiaohui , Bylsma Lauren C , Garabrant David H , Irvin Sarah R , Fryzek Jon P 
Published: December 2014

ObjectivesConcern has been raised that the occurrence of cancer may be increased in neighbourhoods around a former manufactured gas plant in Champaign, Illinois, USA. Thus, we compared historical rates of cancer in this area to comparison communities as well as with nationally standardised rates.DesignRetrospective population-based community cancer assessment during 1990–2010.SettingChampaign County, Illinois, USA, and zip codes encompassing the location of the former manufactured gas plant to counties that were similar demographically.ParticipantsResidents of the counties and zip codes studied between 1990 and 2010.Main outcome measuresThe relative risk (RR) and 95% CI were used to compare cancer incidence and mortality in the areas near the gas compression site to the comparison counties. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated to compare rates in the areas near the gas compression site to expected rates based on overall US cancer rates.ResultsTotal cancer mortality (RR=0.91, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.94) and incidence (RR=0.95, 95% CI 0.94 to 0.97) were reduced significantly in Champaign County versus the comparison counties. Similarly, a reduced rate of total cancer was observed in analyses by zip code (proximal to the former gas plant) when compared with either similar counties (RR=0.89, 95% CI 0.86 to 0.93) or national standardised rates of cancer (SIR=0.88, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.91).ConclusionsThis historical cancer assessment did not find an increased risk of total cancer or specific cancer types in communities near a former manufactured gas plant site.
MicroRNA-486-5p is an erythroid oncomiR of the myeloid leukemias of Down syndrome
Authors: Shaham Lital , Vendramini Elena , Ge Yubin , Goren Yaron , Birger Yehudit , Tijssen Marloes R. , McNulty Maureen , Geron Ifat , Schwartzman Omer , Goldberg Liat , Chou Stella T. , Pitman Holly , Weiss Mitchell J. , Michaeli Shulamit , Sredni Benjamin , Göttgens Berthold , Crispino John D. , Taub Jeffrey W. , Izraeli Shai 
Published: December 2014

Key Points
miR-486-5p, a GATA1 regulated miR, is expressed in ML-DS and enhances their aberrant erythroid phenotype. miR-486-5p cooperates with GATA1s to promote the survival of pre-leukemic and leukemic cells.
Durable remissions in a pivotal phase 2 study of brentuximab vedotin in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Gopal Ajay K. , Chen Robert , Smith Scott E. , Ansell Stephen M. , Rosenblatt Joseph D. , Savage Kerry J. , Connors Joseph M. , Engert Andreas , Larsen Emily K. , Chi Xuedong , Sievers Eric L. , Younes Anas 
Published: December 2014

Key PointsA total of 47% of patients who achieved CR on brentuximab vedotin remain progression-free after being followed a median of 53 months. Younger age, less functional impairment, and lower disease burden at baseline were associated with CR and prognostic for longer survival.
BACE1 inhibitor drugs in clinical trials for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Vassar Robert 
Published: December 2014

Abstractβ-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is the β-secretase enzyme required for the production of the neurotoxic β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide that is widely considered to have a crucial early role in the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). As a result, BACE1 has emerged as a prime drug target for reducing the levels of Aβ in the AD brain, and the development of BACE1 inhibitors as therapeutic agents is being vigorously pursued. It has proven difficult for the pharmaceutical industry to design BACE1 inhibitor drugs that pass the blood–brain barrier, however this challenge has recently been met and BACE1 inhibitors are now in human clinical trials to test for safety and efficacy in AD patients and individuals with pre-symptomatic AD. Initial results suggest that some of these BACE1 inhibitor drugs are well tolerated, although others have dropped out because of toxicity and it is still too early to know whether any will be effective for the prevention or treatment of AD. Additionally, based on newly identified BACE1 substrates and phenotypes of mice that lack BACE1, concerns have emerged about potential mechanism-based side effects of BACE1 inhibitor drugs with chronic administration. It is hoped that a therapeutic window can be achieved that balances safety and efficacy. This review summarizes the current state of progress in the development of BACE1 inhibitor drugs and the evaluation of their therapeutic potential for AD.
Duration of Androgen Suppression Before Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Randomized Clinical Trial 9910
Authors: Pisansky Thomas M. , Hunt Daniel , Gomella Leonard G. , Amin Mahul B. , Balogh Alexander G. , Chinn Daniel M. , Seider Michael J. , Duclos Marie , Rosenthal Seth A. , Bauman Glenn S. , Gore Elizabeth M. , Rotman Marvin Z. , Lukka Himanshu R. , Shipley William U. , Dignam James J. , Sandler Howard M. 
Published: December 2014

PurposeTo determine whether prolonged androgen suppression (AS) duration before radiotherapy improves survival and disease control in prostate cancer.Patients and MethodsOne thousand five hundred seventy-nine men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer were randomly assigned to 8 weeks of AS followed by radiotherapy with an additional 8 weeks of concurrent AS (16 weeks total) or to 28 weeks of AS followed by radiotherapy with an additional 8 weeks of AS (36 weeks total). The trial sought primarily to detect a 33% reduction in the hazard of prostate cancer death in the 28-week assignment. Time-to-event end points are reported for up to 10 years of follow-up.ResultsThere were no between-group differences in baseline characteristics of 1,489 eligible patients with follow-up. For the 8- and 28-week assignments, 10-year disease-specific survival rates were 95% (95% CI, 93.3% to 97.0%) and 96% (95% CI, 94.6% to 98.0%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.81; P = .45), respectively, and 10-year overall survival rates were 66% (95% CI, 62.0% to 69.9%) and 67% (95% CI, 63.0% to 70.8%; HR, 0.95; P = .62), respectively. For the 8- and 28-week assignments, 10-year cumulative incidences of locoregional progression were 6% (95% CI, 4.3% to 8.0%) and 4% (95% CI, 2.5% to 5.7%; HR, 0.65; P = .07), respectively; 10-year distant metastasis cumulative incidences were 6% (95% CI, 4.0% to 7.7%) and 6% (95% CI, 4.0% to 7.6%; HR, 1.07; P = .80), respectively; and 10-year prostate-specific antigen–based recurrence cumulative incidences were 27% (95% CI, 23.1% to 29.8%) and 27% (95% CI, 23.4% to 30.3%; HR, 0.97; P = .77), respectively.ConclusionExtending AS duration from 8 weeks to 28 weeks before radiotherapy did not improve outcomes. A lower than expected prostate cancer death rate reduced ability to detect a between-group difference in disease-specific survival. The schedule of 8 weeks of AS before radiotherapy plus 8 weeks of AS during radiotherapy remains a standard of care in intermediate-risk prostate cancer.
Detecting miRNA Mentions and Relations in Biomedical Literature
Authors: Bagewadi Shweta , Bobić Tamara , Hofmann-Apitius Martin , Fluck Juliane , Klinger Roman 
Published: December 2014

Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have demonstrated their potential as post-transcriptional gene expression regulators, participating in a wide spectrum of regulatory events such as apoptosis, differentiation, and stress response. Apart from the role of miRNAs in normal physiology, their dysregulation is implicated in a vast array of diseases. Dissection of miRNA-related associations are valuable for contemplating their mechanism in diseases, leading to the discovery of novel miRNAs for disease prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy.Motivation: Apart from databases and prediction tools, miRNA-related information is largely available as unstructured text. Manual retrieval of these associations can be labor-intensive due to steadily growing number of publications. Additionally, most of the published miRNA entity recognition methods are keyword based, further subjected to manual inspection for retrieval of relations. Despite the fact that several databases host miRNA-associations derived from text, lower sensitivity and lack of published details for miRNA entity recognition and associated relations identification has motivated the need for developing comprehensive methods that are freely available for the scientific community. Additionally, the lack of a standard corpus for miRNA-relations has caused difficulty in evaluating the available systems.We propose methods to automatically extract mentions of miRNAs, species, genes/proteins, disease, and relations from scientific literature. Our generated corpora, along with dictionaries, and miRNA regular expression are freely available for academic purposes. To our knowledge, these resources are the most comprehensive developed so far.Results: The identification of specific miRNA mentions reaches a recall of 0.94 and precision of 0.93. Extraction of miRNA-disease and miRNA-gene relations lead to an F1 score of up to 0.76. A comparison of the information extracted by our approach to the databases miR2Disease and miRSel for the extraction of Alzheimer's disease related relations shows the capability of our proposed methods in identifying correct relations with improved sensitivity. The published resources and described methods can help the researchers for maximal retrieval of miRNA-relations and generation of miRNA-regulatory networks.Availability: The training and test corpora, annotation guidelines, developed dictionaries, and supplementary files are available at http://www.scai.fraunhofer.de/mirna-corpora.html
Revised typifications of Orchis morio and its Linnaean varieties (Orchidaceae): What descriptions may tell about their corresponding material
Authors: Sennikov Alexander N. , Efimov Petr G. , Kuropatkin Vladislav V. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractUpon a detailed analysis of the protologue of Orchis morio var. mascula and elements associated with it, we demonstrate that Linnaeus based its original diagnosis on only one specimen and one illustration. The previously designated lectotype of O. morio var. mascula, which is not referable to O. mascula in its current taxonomic circumscription, is not part of the original material but is to be taken as neotype superseded here under Art. 9.19(a) in favour of a specimen from Burser’s Hortus Siccus. The typifications of O. morio and O. morio var. angustifolia are revised as well; the first lectotypes of these names are corrected to neotypes, and a new lectotype is designated here for O. morio.
Correction to Hepper and Friis’s analysis of Flora Aegyptiaco‐Arabica: Nepeta nepetellae Forssk. (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Ryding Olof , Friis Ib 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe name Nepeta nepetellae has been accepted in Carl Christensen’s standard index to Forsskål’s Flora Aegyptiaco‐Arabica, listed in Index Kewensis and IPNI, listed as an accepted name in The Plant List and accepted in Hepper and Friis’s revision of the plants of Forsskål’s Flora Aegyptiaco‐Arabica. If accepted, N. nepetellae may threaten names in current use in Arabia and Africa. However, the name is so similar to the earlier N. nepetella L. that the two names are likely to be confused. Nepeta nepetellae is rejected as a later illegitimate homonym of N. nepetella, which will remove the threat to the currently used names and clarify a complex nomenclatural situation, which has confused several previous authors on the subject. The meanings of asterisked names in Flora Aegyptiaco‐Arabica and their bearing for N. nepetellae are briefly reviewed.
Rules of succession to the throne in the Muscovy of the 14th
Authors: Рожнов Артемий , Rozhnov Artemiy 
Published: December 2014

The article concerns a problem of rules of succession to
the throne in the Muscovy of the 14th — 17th centuries. The author
comes to the conclusion that in the Muscovy the succession to the
throne was regulated by customary law and the royalty was delegated
from father to the eldest son. This rule of succession to the throne
had various advantages in comparison with other forms of the succession
of the supreme power.
Endophytic Phoma sp. isolated from medicinal plants promote the growth of Zea mays
Authors: KEDAR ASHWINI , RATHOD DNYANESHWAR , YADAV ALKA , AGARKAR GAURAVI , RAI MAHENDRA 
Published: December 2014

Kedar A, Rathod D, Yadav A, Agarkar G, Rai M. 2014. Endophytic Phoma sp. isolated from medicinal plants promote the growth of Zea mays. Nusantara Bioscience 6: 132-139. Fungal endophytes are reported as rich sources of valuable secondary metabolites and could be used as bio-fertilizers. In the present study, we report growth promotion potential of two Phoma species isolated from Tinospora cordifolia and Calotropis procera on maize. The fungal endophytes enhanced growth in inoculated maize plants compared to non-inoculated plants. The main aim of this work was to assess the growth promotion activity of endophytic Phoma species on maize isolated from T. cordifolia and C. procera.
The heterogeneity of hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia in 19 patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome due to KvDMR1 hypomethylation
Authors: Senniappan Senthil , Ismail Dunia , Shipster Caroleen , Beesley Clare , Hussain Khalid 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBeckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an overgrowth syndrome caused by multiple epigenetic and genetic changes affecting imprinted genes on chromosome 11p15.5. Hypomethylation of KvDMR1 on the maternal allele is the most common genetic cause, and hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (HH) is the most common biochemical abnormality. We evaluated the correlation between severity of HH and degree of hypomethylation in BWS. Out of the 19 patients with BWS due to KvDMR1 hypomethylation, 10 patients had no HH, 5 had mild transient HH that resolved spontaneously, and 4 required diazoxide therapy for up to 6 months. There was no correlation between the degree of KvDMR1 hypomethylation and severity of HH in the 6 patients studied. All patients also showed marked clinical heterogeneity with respect to the features of BWS. In patients with BWS due to hypomethylation of KvDMR1, the clinical presentation of HH is quite heterogeneous with no correlation with the degree of KvDMR1 hypomethylation.
Functional drug screening reveals anticonvulsants as enhancers of mTOR‐independent autophagic killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through inositol depletion
Authors: Schiebler Mark , Brown Karen , Hegyi Krisztina , Newton Sandra M , Renna Maurizio , Hepburn Lucy , Klapholz Catherine , Coulter Sarah , Obregón‐Henao Andres , Henao Tamayo Marcela , Basaraba Randall , Kampmann Beate , Henry Katherine M , Burgon Joseph , Renshaw Stephen A , Fleming Angeleen , Kay Robert R , Anderson Karen E , Hawkins Phillip T , Ordway Diane J , Rubinsztein David C , Floto Rodrigo Andres 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) remains a major challenge to global health made worse by the spread of multidrug resistance. We therefore examined whether stimulating intracellular killing of mycobacteria through pharmacological enhancement of macroautophagy might provide a novel therapeutic strategy. Despite the resistance of MTB to killing by basal autophagy, cell‐based screening of FDA‐approved drugs revealed two anticonvulsants, carbamazepine and valproic acid, that were able to stimulate autophagic killing of intracellular M. tuberculosis within primary human macrophages at concentrations achievable in humans. Using a zebrafish model, we show that carbamazepine can stimulate autophagy in vivo and enhance clearance of M. marinum, while in mice infected with a highly virulent multidrug‐resistant MTB strain, carbamazepine treatment reduced bacterial burden, improved lung pathology and stimulated adaptive immunity. We show that carbamazepine induces antimicrobial autophagy through a novel, evolutionarily conserved, mTOR‐independent pathway controlled by cellular depletion of myo‐inositol. While strain‐specific differences in susceptibility to in vivo carbamazepine treatment may exist, autophagy enhancement by repurposed drugs provides an easily implementable potential therapy for the treatment of multidrug‐resistant mycobacterial infection.
DEVELOPMENT OF FUSION RECOMBINANT PROTEINS BASED ON VP6 AND VP8 OF HUMAN ROTAVIRUS A
Authors: Dukhovlinov I. V. , Bogomolova E. G. , Fedorova E. A. , Simbirtsev A. S. 
Published: December 2014

Rotaviruses are the most frequent cause of children enteritis. This infection often leads to severe dehydration of organism. Many infectious diseases are accompanied by fluid loss being the most common cause of death. Nowadays an early vaccination is considered to be the most effective way for prevention of rotavirus infection. However attenuated alive vaccines are used for this purpose which can result in different complications. The candidate vaccine presented in this study was designed on the basis of recombinant fusion proteins — the crucial active agents for development of immune response against rotaviruses. As part of the study the following steps were taken: the design of fusion proteins VP6VP8 and FliCVP6VP8; protocol adjustment for induction of genes encoding these proteins expression, which yields in high level of the protein with minor expenditures; production and purification of recombinant proteins VP6VP8 and FliCVP6VP8 with metal affinity chromatography.
INCIDENCE OF RUBELLA IN NORTH WEST RUSSIA ON THE STAGE OF ELIMINATION OF RUBELLA
Authors: Bichurina M. A. , Lavrentyeva I. N. , Zheleznova N. V. , Antipova A. Yu. , Timofeeva E. V. 
Published: December 2014

Analysis of incidence of Rubella in the period of 2001–2013 on the territory of North West Federal Region of Russia evidences that the large scaled vaccination in the frames of the “Public Health” National Project considerably influenced the epidemical process of the rubella virus infection (RVI). However at the same time besides the drastic decrease of Rubella incidence to sporadic level (0.4 per 100 000 in 2013) and limited transmission of RVI the shift of Rubella incidence to the eldest age groups was observed: 94% of patients with RVI in 2013 were more than 17 years old. Among Rubella cases the vaccinated patients consisted 3.7% in 2013 and revaccinated 7.1% in 2012. According to gender distribution males with RVI were revealed more frequently than females. The outbreak of Rubella in one of the Military Colleges is described. At present time RV strains of 2B genotype circulate in North West Russia. Cases of wrong clinical diagnosis of Rubella were revealed: in 2011–2013 only for 19% of patients the Rubella was laboratory confirmed. Thus on the stage of the elimination of Rubella the verification of each Rubella case is extremely necessary.
CRYOGLOBULINEMIC VASCULITIS ASSOCIATED WITH HBV INFECTION: CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Dunaeva N. V. , Nikitina O. E. , Stukov B. V. , Karev V. E. , Mazing A. V. , Lerner M. Y. , Lapin S. V. , Totolian Areg A. 
Published: December 2014

Description of two clinical cases of chronic HBV hepatitis at cirrhotic stage associated with type III cryoglobulinemia manifested with symptoms of systemic vasculitis is presented in current article. There were no signs of HCV infection in both patients. In first case cutaneous vasulitis appeared after 19 years since serological finding of HBsAg and vasculitis progressed despite steroid therapy. Initiation of antiviral therapy (entecavir 0.5 g/day) induced transient remission. After interruption of antiviral therapy vasculitis reappeared with several vasculitic ulcers on lower legs. Mild improvement of vasculitis was noted after repeated plasmapheresis, steroid and cytostatic treatment with addition of lamivudin. Despite therapy reactivation of HBV infection was detected. Lamivudin was changed to entecavir and rituximab was given in two 500 mg infusions. Combined antiviral and anti-CD20 treatment induced remission of cutaneous vasculitis and healing of leg ulcers. In other case vasculitis manifested after 21 years since detection of HBsAg with cutaneous purpura, arthritis and microhematuria. Entecavir 0.5 g/day induced rapid virological response and complete remission of symptoms related to vasculitis. Similar literature cases were reviewed and available treatment options in refractory cryoglobulinemic vasculitis were discussed.
Medical infrared thermal imaging of cats with hyperthyroidism
Authors: Waddell Robert E. , Marino Dominic J. , Loughin Catherine A. , Tumulty Joshua W. , Dewey Curtis W. , Sackman Joseph 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the usefulness of medical infrared thermal imaging (MITI) as a screening tool for hyperthyroidism in cats, evaluate the need for hair clipping over the ventral aspect of the neck to achieve optimal images, and determine whether there is a change in thermal patterns at 1 and 3 months after radioactive sodium iodide I 131 treatment.
ANIMALS 17 cats with and 12 control cats without hyperthyroidism.
PROCEDURES All cats underwent MITI first with the hair present and then after the hair was clipped. Each cat with hyperthyroidism was subsequently appropriately treated SC with radioiodide; reevaluations, including MITI before and after hair clipping and measurement of serum thyroxine concentration, were performed 1 and 3 months after treatment.
RESULTS The MITI had 80.5% and 87.5% accuracy in differentiating hyperthyroid cats from clinically normal cats before and after the hair over the ventral aspect of the neck was clipped. Among cats with an initial serum thyroxine concentration > 4.0 μg/dL, the success rate for MITI-detected response to radioiodide treatment at the 1-month reevaluation was 92.86% in unshaved cats and 85.71% in shaved cats. The success rate for MITI-detected response to radioiodide treatment at the 3-month reevaluation was 100% in unshaved and shaved cats.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that MITI was successful in differentiating between hyperthyroid cats and clinically normal cats and identifying patients with thyroxine concentration within reference interval after radioactive sodium iodide I 131 treatment.