bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fast path planning approach for unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Li Shidong , Zhou Huihua , Hu Jia , Ai Qing , Cai Chao 
Published: May 2014

SummaryIn unmanned aerial vehicles navigation, path planning is aimed at obtaining the optimal safety path between start and destination locations. The efficiency and optimality criterion depend on the environment and planning method adopted. In this paper, a general fast path planning framework is proposed for unmanned aerial vehicles navigation. Standard A* search is performed online on the roadmap, which consists of path segments that are pre‐computed offline with the aid of a multi‐resolution grid and terminate at somewhere along the boundary between adjacent cells. Fast marching method (FMM) was employed for two aspects of the roadmap pre‐computation: the location of segment termination points is determined by FMM propagation from the center of a given cell at the highest resolution grid, and the actual segments are computed using FMM between all pairs of nodes belonging to a given cell at all resolutions. Environment dynamics are taken into account by replanning from scratch after modifying the costs associated with the path segments that intersect ‘threat’ or ‘no‐fly’ zones. The altitude along the planned path is determined in a post‐processing step by inspecting the elevation profile along the path and using Sparse A*searching method. The experimental results show that planning speed can be improved significantly with the proposed method, especially, fast online path planning can be achieved to adapt to environmental changes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Controlling fairness and task granularity in distributed, online, non‐clairvoyant workflow executions
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Rafael , Glatard Tristan , Desprez Frédéric 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYDistributed computing infrastructures are commonly used for scientific computing, and science gateways provide complete middleware stacks to allow their transparent exploitation by end users. However, administrating such systems manually is time consuming and sub‐optimal because of the complexity of the execution conditions. Algorithms and frameworks aiming at automating system administration must deal with online and non‐clairvoyant conditions, where most parameters are unknown and evolve over time. We consider the problem of controlling task granularity and fairness among scientific workflows executed in these conditions. We present two self‐managing loops monitoring the fineness, coarseness, and fairness of workflow executions, comparing these metrics with thresholds extracted from knowledge acquired in previous executions and planning appropriate actions to maintain these metrics to appropriate ranges. Experiments on the European Grid Infrastructure show that our task granularity control can speed up executions up to a factor of 2 and that our fairness control reduces slowdown variability by 3–7 compared with first‐come, first‐served. We also study the interaction between granularity control and fairness control: our experiments demonstrate that controlling task granularity degrades fairness but that our fairness control algorithm can compensate this degradation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tuning Photoluminescence Emission of a Cadmium–Organic Framework by Excitation
Authors: Wang Lin , Yang E , Zhang Huabin , Zhang Jian 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA novel three‐dimensional metal–organic framework with primitive cubic (pcu) topology exhibits interesting tunable photoluminescent emission based on the variation of excitation light at room temperature. By judicious choice of two different conjugated organic linkers incorporating in a certain framework, the contributions of distinct emission bands may be finely controlled. This work may provide a new route to explore functional luminescent materials with tunable photoluminescence.
A Synthetic Biotinylated Peptide, BP21, Inhibits the Induction of mRNA Expression of Inflammatory Substances by Oxidized‐ and Lyso‐Phosphatidylcholine
Authors: Sato Akira , Kumagai Takeshi , Ebina Keiichi 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Preclinical Research

Oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) is implicated in many inflammatory diseases, e.g., type 2 diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, and metabolic syndrome. We previously reported that a synthetic biotinylated peptide, BP21, inhibits the bioactivity of ox‐LDL via direct binding to ox‐LDL. Here, we investigated the effect of BP21 on the mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators induced by two major components of ox‐LDL, oxidized‐ and lyso‐phosphatidylcholine (ox‐PC and LPC), in monocytes/macrophages (THP‐1 cells) and adipocytes (3T3‐L1 cells). In THP‐1 cells, BP21 markedly reduced the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)‐6, adipocyte fatty acid‐binding protein (aP2), tumor necrosis factor‐α, and mitogen‐activated protein kinase phosphatase‐1, which are induced by one of the major bioactive components of ox‐PC, 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐(5′‐oxo‐valeroyl)‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (POVPC), and reduced the mRNA expression of IL‐6, the ox‐LDL‐specific scavenger receptor CD36, and aP2 induced by LPC. In adipocytes, the mRNA expression of IL‐1β as an adipokine and aP2 is highly induced by ox‐PC and LPC, and BP21 markedly reduced the mRNA expression of IL‐1β and aP2 induced by POVPC and LPC. Furthermore, BP21 specifically bound to LPC and POVPC in a dose‐dependent manner. These results suggest that BP21 may be useful lead for the potential treatment and prevention of inflammatory diseases caused by ox‐PC and LPC.
Does the increase of deodorisation temperature improve the oxidative stability of refined olive oils?
Authors: Gomes Tommaso , Caponio Francesco , Paradiso Vito Michele , Durante Viviana , Summo Carmine , Pasqualone Antonella 
Published: May 2014

One sample of lampante olive oil, neutralised and bleached by a laboratory‐scale refining plant, was deodorised at the two most frequently adopted temperatures in olive oil refining (220°C and 230°C). The samples of deodorised oil were subjected to oven test at 60°C for 25 days. Aliquots of the oils were sampled at fixed times for analytical determinations, and the oxidative stability was evaluated by measuring the time needed to reach the peroxide value of 20 meq O2/kg. The sample that showed the highest oxidative stability was the oil deodorised at the highest temperature. This oil presented a higher level of TAG oligopolymers (TAGP) and lower amounts of oxidised TAGs (ox‐TAG) respect to the oil deodorised at lower temperature. These findings could be explained by the greater pro‐oxidant effect of ox‐TAG respect to TAGP.Practical applications: The results of this paper can help to choose the right deodorisation temperature for an oil. In fact, increasing the deodorisation temperature – other parameters being equal – leads to an increase in the oxidative stability of the refined oil. Therefore it could be an option when refining oils with potentially low stability. Nevertheless, it should be preferred submitting to refining slightly oxidized oils, with lower deodorisation temperatures, in order to obtain oils with low amounts of both ox‐TAG and TAGP.Effect of different deodorisation temperatures on the oxidative stability of an olive oil.
Effect of PUFAs on extracellular matrix production and remodeling in vascular smooth muscle cell cultures in an atherosclerotic model
Authors: Palomino‐Morales Rogelio , Alejandre M. Jose , Perales Sonia , Torres Carolina , Linares Ana 
Published: May 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti‐atherosclerotic effects of PUFA. We hypothesized that, besides their lipid lowering and plaque stabilizing properties, PUFA may exert direct effects on cholesterol homeostasis and on the production and remodeling of extracellular matrix proteins in vascular smooth‐muscle cells, altering their gene expression. Collagen synthesis, expression of genes for collagen types I, II, and III, and [H3]‐mevalonate incorporation to proteins were higher in smooth‐muscle cells cultures obtained from cholesterol‐fed chicks than in cultures from chicks on standard diet and these increases were reversed by PUFA treatment. Eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic, and AAs decreased col2α1, col3α1, fibronectin, and mmp2 gene expression, inhibited RhoA activation, [H3]‐mevalonate incorporation into isoprenylated proteins and srebp‐1 gene expression, also inducing pparγ gene expression.Practical applications: Consumption of PUFA is considered a source of health benefits. This work provides information about the different mechanisms through which PUFA may exert their anti‐atherogenic effects, especially those related to extracellular matrix production and remodeling. PPARγ, RhoA, and protein isoprenylation may contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.Two of the most widely known properties of PUFA contributing to their anti‐atherosclerotic effects are their lipid lowering and plaque stability properties. Here, we propose two more mechanisms regarding cholesterol homeostasis and production and remodeling of extracellular matrix proteins in vascular smooth‐muscle cells. Considering the first one, we have demonstrated an induction of the transcription factor pparγ gene together with an inhibition of the srebp‐1 gene. Considering the last one we have assessed effects both at gene level and affecting RhoA activation.
A high‐order compact finite‐difference lattice Boltzmann method for simulation of steady and unsteady incompressible flows
Authors: Hejranfar Kazem , Ezzatneshan Eslam 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYA high‐order compact finite‐difference lattice Boltzmann method (CFDLBM) is proposed and applied to accurately compute steady and unsteady incompressible flows. Herein, the spatial derivatives in the lattice Boltzmann equation are discretized by using the fourth‐order compact FD scheme, and the temporal term is discretized with the fourth‐order Runge–Kutta scheme to provide an accurate and efficient incompressible flow solver. A high‐order spectral‐type low‐pass compact filter is used to stabilize the numerical solution. An iterative initialization procedure is presented and applied to generate consistent initial conditions for the simulation of unsteady flows. A sensitivity study is also conducted to evaluate the effects of grid size, filtering, and procedure of boundary conditions implementation on accuracy and convergence rate of the solution. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed solution procedure based on the CFDLBM method are also examined by comparison with the classical LBM for different flow conditions. Two test cases considered herein for validating the results of the incompressible steady flows are a two‐dimensional (2‐D) backward‐facing step and a 2‐D cavity at different Reynolds numbers. Results of these steady solutions computed by the CFDLBM are thoroughly compared with those of a compact FD Navier–Stokes flow solver. Three other test cases, namely, a 2‐D Couette flow, the Taylor's vortex problem, and the doubly periodic shear layers, are simulated to investigate the accuracy of the proposed scheme in solving unsteady incompressible flows. Results obtained for these test cases are in good agreement with the analytical solutions and also with the available numerical and experimental results. The study shows that the present solution methodology is robust, efficient, and accurate for solving steady and unsteady incompressible flow problems even at high Reynolds numbers. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhancing stability of essential oils by microencapsulation for preservation of button mushroom during postharvest
Authors: Alikhani‐Koupaei Majid , Mazlumzadeh Meisam , Sharifani Mohamadmehdi , Adibian Mohamad 
Published: June 2014

AbstractFresh button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus L.) are sensitive to browning, water loss, and microbial attack. The short shelf‐life of mushrooms is an impediment to the distribution and marketing of the fresh product. Essential oils outstand as an alternative to chemical preservatives and their use in foods meets the demands of consumers for natural products. To resolve controlled release of oil and increase in antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, the oil was incorporated into microcapsules. Effects of microcapsulated thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) on quality of fresh button mushroom were compared. Physicochemical qualities were evaluated during 15 days of storage at 4 ± 0.5°C. All treatments prevented product weight loss and decrease in polyphenoloxidase and peroxidase activities during storage. Color and firmness, microbiological analysis, and total phenolic content caused the least change. With use of microencapsulated oils, mushrooms were within acceptable limits during 10 days of storage. Microencapsulated rosemary oil produced the highest beneficial effects and has potential to improve quality of button mushrooms and extend shelf‐life.
Microscopic Examination of Ancient and Modern Irrigated Paddy Soils in South Korea, with Special Reference to the Formation of Silty Clay Concentration Features
Authors: Lee H. , French C. , Macphail R.I. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTGeoarchaeological investigations of Bronze Age (10th–4th centuries B.C.), early historical (4th–10th centuries A.D.), and premodern to modern paddy soils (11th Century A.D. to contemporary) in South Korea were carried out to understand soil alteration by irrigated rice agriculture. After a review of ancient cultivation micromorphology, especially in the context of wet‐rice agriculture, paddy soils were examined from two archaeological sites, Gulhwa and Pyunggeo, which had been both intermittently occupied since the Bronze Age. This paper highlights anomalous pedofeatures (silty clay concentration features or SCCFs), repeatedly observed in both historical and modern paddy fields, which were studied using soil micromorphology, energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry (EDS), and microprobe analysis. Results suggest that there are several types of SCCFs, optically distinguishable from other textural pedofeatures. It is concluded that these SCCFs are probably associated with hydromorphic processes, formed under the influence of a tillage and repeated irrigation specific to paddy fields.
CA1 subfield contributions to memory integration and inference
Authors: Schlichting Margaret L. , Zeithamova Dagmar , Preston Alison R. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe ability to combine information acquired at different times to make novel inferences is a powerful function of episodic memory. One perspective suggests that by retrieving related knowledge during new experiences, existing memories can be linked to the new, overlapping information as it is encoded. The resulting memory traces would thus incorporate content across event boundaries, representing important relationships among items encountered during separate experiences. While prior work suggests that the hippocampus is involved in linking memories experienced at different times, the involvement of specific subfields in this process remains unknown. Using both univariate and multivariate analyses of high‐resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, we localized this specialized encoding mechanism to human CA1. Specifically, right CA1 responses during encoding of events that overlapped with prior experience predicted subsequent success on a test requiring inferences about the relationships among events. Furthermore, we employed neural pattern similarity analysis to show that patterns of activation evoked during overlapping event encoding were later reinstated in CA1 during successful inference. The reinstatement of CA1 patterns during inference was specific to those trials that were performed quickly and accurately, consistent with the notion that linking memories during learning facilitates novel judgments. These analyses provide converging evidence that CA1 plays a unique role in encoding overlapping events and highlight the dynamic interactions between hippocampal‐mediated encoding and retrieval processes. More broadly, our data reflect the adaptive nature of episodic memories, in which representations are derived across events in anticipation of future judgments. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of Echis pyramidum Snake Venom on Hepatic and Renal Antioxidant Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in Rats
Authors: Al Asmari Abdulrahman K. , Khan Haseeb A. , Manthiri Rajamohammed A. , Al Yahya Khalid M. , Al Otaibi Kitab E. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe effects of Echis pyramidum venom (EPV) (0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 mg/kg) on activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total thiols (T‐SH) in liver and kidneys of rats were investigated. EPV significantly and dose dependently decreased the activities of SOD and CAT in livers. Although the kidney SOD and CAT activities were not affected by low and medium doses of EPV, the high dose significantly reduced the activities of these enzymes. Liver and kidney TBARS levels were not affected by the low and medium doses of EPV, whereas the high dose significantly increased the TBARS after 6 h postdosing. There was a significant depletion of T‐SH in liver and kidneys of rats exposed to a high dose of EPV. The acute phase oxidative stress due to an EPV injection points toward the importance of an early antioxidant therapy for the management of snake bites.
Assessment of ER Stress and Autophagy Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Both Radiotherapy Patients and Ex Vivo Irradiated Samples
Authors: Saglar Emel , Unlu Sibel , Babalioglu Ibrahim , Gokce Saban Cakir , Mergen Hatice 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTAcute radiation leads to several toxic clinical states and triggers some molecular pathways. To shed light on molecular mechanisms triggered by ionizing radiation (IR), we examined the expression profiles of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy‐related genes in individuals who were exposed to IR. Blood samples were collected from 50 cancer patients before radiotherapy and on the 5th, 15th, and 25th days of the treatment. Peripheral blood samples from 10 healthy volunteers were also obtained for ex vivo irradiation, divided into five and irradiated at a rate of 373 kGy/h to 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 3Gy γ‐rays using a constant gamma source. GRP78, ATG5, LC3, ATF4, XBP1, and GADD153 genes were analyzed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (QRT‐PCR) using beta 2 microglobulin (B2M) and glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as references. In both groups, expressions of the selected genes have increased. It can be concluded that IR induces ER stress and related authophagy pathway in the peripheral lymphocyte cells proportionally by dose.
New study of the abnormal behavior of the low temperature dependence of the current in inhomogeneous Schottky diode
Authors: Latreche Abdelhakim , Ouennoughi Zahir 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn this study, we show clearly why unexpected observations have been reported in the current–voltage curves of Schottky diodes, containing barrier inhomogeneities generated by using the analytical results based on a Gaussian distribution model of barrier heights. The Chand's calculations have shown that the current (saturation current) at low temperatures may exceed the current (saturation current) at high temperatures when the effective barrier height is calculated from an appropriate integral with integration limits −∞ and +∞. In this new study, we show that the method followed by Chand to remove these anomalies is not accurate enough. We prove that the origin of these anomalies stems from the nature of a proper function f(φ) that moves to the negative barrier heights and takes large value of the integral at low temperatures than at high temperatures when it has large standard deviation (σ) and the discrepancies are not due to the integration limits as Chand concluded. In order to obtain results consistent with the thermionic emission–diffusion theory, the standard deviation must have lower values. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regressive Imagery in Creative Problem‐Solving: Comparing Verbal Protocols of Expert and Novice Visual Artists and Computer Programmers
Authors: Kozbelt Aaron , Dexter Scott , Dolese Melissa , Meredith Daniel , Ostrofsky Justin 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe applied computer‐based text analyses of regressive imagery to verbal protocols of individuals engaged in creative problem‐solving in two domains: visual art (23 experts, 23 novices) and computer programming (14 experts, 14 novices). Percentages of words involving primary process and secondary process thought, plus emotion‐related words, were tabulated. Visual art protocols were higher in primary process thought and emotion‐related words; those from programming were higher in secondary process thought. Almost no main effects of expertise or interactions were found. Correlations between the measures (particularly those involving emotion‐related words) also varied as a function of task. This pattern suggests cognitive processes vary considerably across different creative problem‐solving tasks or domains, and that a more domain‐specific approach to creative cognition may be advisable. Further implications for integrating and consolidating some extant lines of creativity research are discussed.
Clinical outcome of subcentimeter non‐small cell lung cancer after surgical resection: Single institution experience of 105 patients
Authors: Jiang Wei , Pang Xuguang , Xi Junjie , Chen Xiaoke , Wang Qun , Qian Cheng , Fan Hong 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundThe detection of subcentimeter lung cancers has significantly improved with advances in computed tomography and the emergence of screening protocols. We reviewed the clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes of patients with subcentimeter non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in our institution.MethodsA total of 105 patients who underwent lobectomy or sublobar resection for subcentimeter NSCLCs were retrospectively reviewed. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival were analyzed statistically using Student's t‐test for continuous variables, Fisher's exact for categorical variables and Cox regression for multivariable analysis.ResultsA total of 105 patients (35 male, 70 female; mean age 61.4, range 38–77 years) were analyzed. Patients underwent lobectomy (n = 71), segmentectomy (n = 19), or wedge resection (n = 15). The overall 5‐year survival was 91.3%. No significant differences were observed in overall and recurrence‐free survival after segmentectomy or lobectomy; patients undergoing wedge resection had shorter survival compared to those who underwent lobectomy. Elevated preoperative serum CEA levels and positive nodal status correlated with poorer survival, and were identified as independent prognostic factors in multivariate analysis.ConclusionSystematic nodal dissection is recommended for patients with subcentimeter NSCLC. Segmentectomy offers comparable oncologic results to lobectomy. Elevated preoperative serum CEA level implies shorter survival for patients with these tiny tumors. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 110:233–238. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Short Review of Chemical Reaction Database Systems, Computer‐Aided Synthesis Design, Reaction Prediction and Synthetic Feasibility
Authors: Warr Wendy A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis article is the text for a pedagogical lecture to be given at the Strasbourg Summer School in Chemoinformatics in June 2104. It covers a very wide range of reaction topics including structure and reaction representation, reaction centers, atom‐to‐atom mapping, reaction retrieval systems, computer‐aided synthesis design, retrosynthesis, reaction prediction and synthetic feasibility. In the time available the coverage of each topic can only be cursory; the main usefulness of this article to the research community is the extensive bibliography.