bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scalable magnetoreceptive e-skin for energy-efficient high-resolution interaction towards undisturbed extended reality
Authors: Makushko Pavlo , Ge Jin , Cañón Bermúdez Gilbert Santiago , Volkov Oleksii , Zabila Yevhen , Avdoshenko Stanislav , Illing Rico , Ionov Leonid , Kaltenbrunner Martin , Fassbender Jürgen , Xu Rui , Makarov Denys 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Electronic skins (e-skins) seek to go beyond the natural human perception, e.g., by creating magnetoperception to sense and interact with omnipresent magnetic fields. However, realizing magnetoreceptive e-skin with spatially continuous sensing over large areas is challenging due to increase in power consumption with increasing sensing resolution. Here, by incorporating the giant magnetoresistance effect and electrical resistance tomography, we achieve continuous sensing of magnetic fields across an area of 120 × 120 mm2 with a sensing resolution of better than 1 mm. Our approach enables magnetoreceptors with three orders of magnitude less energy consumption compared to state-of-the-art transistor-based magnetosensitive matrices. A simplified circuit configuration results in optical transparency, mechanical compliance, and vapor/liquid permeability, consequently permitting its imperceptible integration onto skins. Ultimately, these achievements pave the way for exceptional applications, including magnetoreceptive e-skin capable of undisturbed recognition of fine-grained gesture and a magnetoreceptive contact lens permitting touchless interaction.
Janus decellularized membrane with anisotropic cell guidance and anti-adhesion silk-based coatings for spinal dural repair
Authors: Bi Xuewei , Mao Zhinan , Li Linhao , Zhang Yilin , Yang Lingbing , Hou Sen , Guan Juan , Zheng Yufeng , Li Xiaoming , Fan Yubo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The repair of soft tissues with anisotropic structures, such as spinal dura mater, requires the use of biomaterials to guide tissue directional growth while minimizing epidural fibrotic adhesion. Herein, we construct the Janus small intestinal submucosa (SIS) via silk-based hydrogel coatings, which provides extracellular matrix-mimicking features and anti-adhesion performance for spinal dural defect repair. We demonstrate that the silk fibroin and methacrylated silk fibroin (SilMA) composite microgroove hydrogel coating at the inner surface via water vapor annealing treatment exhibits excellent structure stability, stable attachment to SIS substrate, and shows orientated cell morphology and extracellular matrix produced by fibroblasts, good histocompatibility and promotes the polarization of macrophages towards the anti-inflammatory phenotype. The methacrylated hyaluronic acid and SilMA composite coating outer surface serves as favorable physical barrier shows effective resistance to protein adsorption, cell and tissue adhesion, and can mitigate fibrosis reactions. Spinal dura mater defect experiments on male rats demonstrate that the Janus SIS simultaneously promotes dural regeneration and inhibits epidural fibrosis.
Structural basis of anticancer drug recognition and amino acid transport by LAT1
Authors: Lee Yongchan , Jin Chunhuan , Ohgaki Ryuichi , Xu Minhui , Ogasawara Satoshi , Warshamanage Rangana , Yamashita Keitaro , Murshudov Garib , Nureki Osamu , Murata Takeshi , Kanai Yoshikatsu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
LAT1 (SLC7A5) transports large neutral amino acids and plays pivotal roles in cancer proliferation, immune response and drug delivery. Despite recent advances in structural understanding of LAT1, how it discriminates substrates and inhibitors including the clinically relevant drugs remains elusive. Here we report six structures of LAT1 across three conformations with bound ligands, elucidating its substrate transport and inhibitory mechanisms. JPH203 (also known as nanvuranlat or KYT-0353), an anticancer drug in clinical trials, traps LAT1 in an outward-facing state with a U-shaped conformer, with its amino-phenylbenzoxazol moiety pushing against transmembrane helix 3 (TM3) and bending TM10. Physiological substrates like ʟ-Phe lack such effects, whereas melphalan poses steric hindrance, explaining its inhibitory activity. The “classical” system L inhibitor BCH induces an occluded state critical for transport, confirming its substrate-like behavior. These findings provide a structural basis for substrate recognition and inhibition of LAT1, guiding future drug design.
Biomimetic freestanding microfractals for flexible electronics
Authors: Barua Amit , Gogoi Rituporn , Reddy Pulikanti Guruprasad , Jolaiy Saman , Bodaghi Mahdi , Laukkanen Timo , Speck Thomas , Sariola Veikko , Sharma Vipul 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The microfractals of leaf skeletons can be effective substrates for flexible electronics due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, transparency, breathability and flexibility. The challenge lies in replicating these fractal surfaces at the microscale in a way that is scalable, freestanding, and integrable with various materials. In this study, we present a novel method for the biomimetic microfabrication of leaf-skeleton-based fractal surfaces. We utilized a modified electrospinning method, replacing the fiber collector with a metalized biotic collector to replicate the microstructures. The biomimetic microfractals demonstrated ~90% replication accuracy, >80% transparency, good stretchability, and breathability, and were freestanding. The method is versatile, allowing for the use of a wide range of polymers in biomimetic microfabrication. For application in flexible electronics, biomimetic conductive fractal patterns (BCFP) were fabricated by immobilizing Ag Nanowires (AgNW) using a simple spray-based method. The BCFP exhibited high conductivity with sheet resistances <20 Ω sq–1 while maintaining good transparencies. The BCFP adheres conformally to human skin, acting as an electronic skin (e-skin). To demonstrate the application, the BCFP was used to fabricate a tactile pressure sensor. In addition to their excellent transparency at low sheet resistances, stretchability, moisture resistance, and tight conformal bonding with the target surface, the BCFP also allows the evaporation of perspiration, making them suitable for long-term use as epidermal sensors. The application of BCFP in advanced bionic skin was demonstrated through gesture monitoring experiments.
Advancements in bioengineering for descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK)
Authors: Zwingelberg Sarah Barbara , Karabiyik Gizem , Gehle Paul , von Brandenstein Melanie , Eibichova Sabina , Lotz Christian , Groeber-Becker Florian , Kampik Daniel , Jurkunas Ula , Geerling Gerd , Lang Gregor 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Corneal diseases are the third leading cause of blindness worldwide. Descemet’s Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) is the preferred surgical technique for treating corneal endothelial disorders, relying heavily on high-quality donor tissue. However, the scarcity of suitable donor tissue and the sensitivity of endothelial cells remain significant challenges. This review explores the current state of DMEK, focusing on advancements in tissue engineering as a promising solution to improve outcomes and address donor limitations.
A unique AI-based tool for automated segmentation of pulp cavity structures in maxillary premolars on CBCT
Authors: Santos-Junior Airton Oliveira , Fontenele Rocharles Cavalcante , Neves Frederico Sampaio , Ali Saleem , Jacobs Reinhilde , Tanomaru-Filho Mário 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven tool for the automatic segmentation of pulp cavity structures in maxillary premolars teeth on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). One hundred and eleven CBCT scans were divided into training (n = 55), validation (n = 14), and testing (n = 42) sets, with manual segmentation serving as the ground truth. The AI tool automatically segmented the testing dataset, with errors corrected by an operator to create refined 3D (R-AI) models. The overall AI performance was assessed by comparing AI and R-AI models, and thirty percent of the test sample was manually segmented to compare AI and human performance. Time-efficiency of each method was recorded in seconds (s). Statistical analysis included independent and paired t-tests to evaluate the effect of tooth type on accuracy metrics and AI versus manual segmentation. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test was used for time efficiency analysis. A 5% significance level was used for all analyses.The AI tool demonstrated excellent performance with Dice similarity coefficients (DSC) ranging from 88% ± 7 to 93% ± 3 and 95% Hausdorff distances (HD) from 0.13 ± 0.06 to 0.16 ± 0.06 mm. Automated segmentation of maxillary second premolars performed slightly better than that of maxillary first premolars in terms of intersection over union (p = 0.005), DSC (p = 0.008), recall (p = 0.008), precision (p = 0.02), and 95% HD (p = 0.04). The AI-based approach showed higher recall (p = 0.04), accuracy (p = 0.01), and lower 95% HD than manual segmentation (p < 0.001). AI segmentation (42.8 ± 8.4 s) was 75 times faster than manual segmentation (3218.7 ± 692.2 s) (p < 0.001). The AI tool proved highly accurate and time-efficient, surpassing human expert performance.
Few-shot learning for non-vitrified ice segmentation
Authors: Vivas-Lago Alma , Castaño-Díez Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study introduces Ice Finder, a novel tool for quantifying crystalline ice in cryo-electron tomography, addressing a critical gap in existing methodologies. We present the first application of the meta-learning paradigm to this field, demonstrating that diverse tomographic tasks across datasets can be unified under a single meta-learning framework. By leveraging few-shot learning, our approach enhances domain generalization and adaptability to domain shifts, enabling rapid adaptation to new datasets with minimal examples. Ice Finder’s performance is evaluated on a comprehensive set of in situ datasets from EMPIAR, showcasing its ease of use, fast processing capabilities, and millisecond inference times.
High intensity interval training alters gene expression linked to mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics in high fat diet fed rats
Authors: Jahangiri Mohammad , Shahrbanian Shahnaz , Gharakhanlou Reza 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A High-Fat Diet (HFD) leads to disruption of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics. Exercise training, especially High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) increases mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a period of HIIT with and without HFD consumption on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (Pgc1-α), Mitofusins-2 (Mfn2), Optic atrophy-1 (Opa1), Dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp1) and mitochondrial Fission protein-1 (Fis1) genes as indicators of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics function in the soleus muscle of male Wistar rats. Twenty-four healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: (1) Control, (2) Control + HIIT, (3) HFD, and (4) HFD + HIIT. The HIIT training protocol lasted for 10 weeks with a frequency of 3 sessions per week. The Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR method was used to investigate the gene expression. One-way ANOVA and Fisher’s post-hoc analyses were used to examine group differences. HFD consumption caused an increase in weight (P < 0.05), the expression of Drp1 and Fis1 genes (P < 0.001), and a decreased expression of Pgc1-α, Mfn2, and Opa1 genes (P < 0.001). HIIT training increased the expression of PGC1-α (P = 0.009), Mfn2 (P < 0.004), and Opa1 (P < 0.011) genes, while it decreased the expression of Drp1 (P = 0.003) and Fis1 genes (P = 0.027). These findings suggest that HIIT can counteract the negative effects of HFD on mitochondrial function by modulating gene expression related to mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics.
Goos–Hänchen shift of inelastically scattered spin-wave beams and cascade nonlinear magnon processes
Authors: Sobucki Krzysztof , Lyubchanskii Igor , Krawczyk Maciej , Gruszecki Paweł 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We study, using micromagnetic simulations, the inelastic scattering of spin-wave beams on edge-localized spin-wave modes in a thin ferromagnetic film. In the splitting and confluence processes, the new spin-wave beams are generated with frequencies shifted by the edge-mode frequency. We report that inelastically scattered spin-wave beams in both processes not only change their direction of propagation but also undergo lateral shifts along the interface, analogous to the Goos–Hänchen effect known in optics. These shifts of inelastically scattered beams, for a few special cases described in the paper, can be in the range of several wavelengths, which is larger than the Goos–Hänchen shift of elastically reflected beam. Unexpectedly, at selected frequencies, we found a significant increase in the value of the lateral shifts of the scattered spin-wave beams formed in the confluence process. We show that this effect is associated with the cascading nonlinear processes taking place at the edge of the film and involving the primary edge spin wave. Our results make an important contribution to the understanding of the nonlinear nature of spin waves and provide a way to exploit it in signal processing with magnons.
Further evidence that averageness and femininity, rather than symmetry and masculinity, predict facial attractiveness judgments
Authors: Lee Pengting , Li Jingheng , Rafiee Yasaman , Jones Benedict C. , Shiramizu Victor K. M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Facial attractiveness influences important social outcomes and most studies investigating possible predictors of facial attractiveness have tested for effects of shape symmetry, averageness (i.e., the converse of distinctiveness), and sexual dimorphism (i.e., masculinity–femininity). These studies have typically either tested for these possible effects by experimentally manipulating shape characteristics in faces images or have tested only for bivariate correlations between shape characteristics and attractiveness judgments. However, these two approaches have been criticised for lacking ecological validity and providing little insight into the independent contributions of symmetry, averageness, and sexual dimorphism, respectively. Moreover, the few studies that have investigated the independent contributions of symmetry, averageness, and sexual dimorphism have reported mixed results. Here we measured shape symmetry, averageness, and sexual dimorphism from face images and assessed their independent contribution to attractiveness ratings. Linear mixed effects models showed that facial attractiveness was significantly predicted by averageness in male and female faces and femininity in female faces, but not by masculinity in male faces or symmetry. These results are consistent with other recent work suggesting that averageness and femininity, rather than symmetry and masculinity, predict facial attractiveness.
Alleviating biotic stress of powdery mildew in mango cv. Keitt by Sulfur nanoparticles and assessing their effect on productivity and disease severity
Authors: Abou El-Nasr Mohamed K. , Nasser Mohamed A. , Ebrahim Mohamed , Samaan Mina S. F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The control of powdery mildew disease is one of the main objectives in Mango production. Mango production with superior quality is becoming increasingly challenging due to climate change, which may negatively affect all stages of their development. Recently, Nanotechnology is a promising and rapidly evolving field that could be a very useful tool to raise the efficiency of fungicides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) and reducing the incidence of powdery mildew, improving growth performance and productivity of mango cv. Keitt (Mangifera indica L.). Four concentrations of SNPs (0, 100, 300, and 500 ppm) were compared to sulfur microform (bulk) at a concentration of 500 ppm. At a private farm on Cairo Alex Desert Road K78, Egypt, foliar spray treatments were administered to an eight-year-old mango cv. Keitt grafted on Sukari rootstock. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design, with each tree receiving a five-liter spray of the solution. The results suggested that the use of 500 ppm concentration of SNPs led to reducing powdery mildew disease incidence by 8.8% but it negatively affected productivity, as it decreased by 27% compared to the control treatment. Whereas 100 ppm concentration of SNPs led to increasing the productivity by 342% compared to the control treatment, reducing powdery mildew disease incidence in mango was recorded at 14.6%. Furthermore, the TSS and vitamin C increased significantly by 16 Brix and 46.3 mg, respectively, in association with decreasing titratable acidity in fruits. In aggregate, our data demonstrated that 100 ppm and 300 ppm of sulfur nanoparticles was more efficient than 500 ppm of sulfur bulk in improving POD and PPO enzyme activity. It is recommended to add SNPs of 100 ppm as foliar spraying three times at 15-day intervals for alleviating the harmful impact of disease on mango trees by improving the enzyme activity, thereby yield, and fruit quality of mango trees exposed to powdery mildew disease.
The media morphosis of science communication during crises
Authors: Caferra Rocco , Di Liddo Giuseppe , Morone Andrea , Stadelmann David 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Effective science communication is crucial in informing citizens in times of crisis. The ICT-driven metamorphosis of the media industry (media-morphosis) has facilitated the shift from a rather one-directional information deficit model in science communication to a more bidirectional communication corresponding to a dialogue model. Little is known about the preferences for social media communication from the supply side of institutional and scholarly communication. Analyzing survey data from nearly 8,700 scientists, we compared their preferences for press media and social media, proxies of traditional centralized communication channels and modern decentralized channels, respectively. Our empirical results show that trust in governments and prioritizing access to all perspectives on the crisis are important factors that influence scientists’ preferences regarding forms of communication. Trust favors centralized systems, while social media serves as an alternative in contexts lacking trust in politics. Prioritizing the diffusion of different perspectives drives a shift to stated preferences for decentralized communication systems. We also show that scientists’ stated preferences for communication systems depend on the socio-political context.
The impact of underwater waves on ship manoeuvrability: a case study in a fjord
Authors: Grégorio Sandy , Bourgault Daniel , Galbraith Peter S. , Chavanne Cédric , Hupé Louis , Richard Alain , Landry Étienne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In 2019, the Motor Vessel Jaeger Arrow collided with the Grande-Anse Terminal wharf (Saguenay Fjord, Canada) during docking from unknown causes. However, the timeline of the incident and the ship’s behavior during docking suggest that underwater waves may have caused the collision. Data collected in 2023 using a camera and thermometers confirmed that this area of the fjord regularly experiences underwater waves with wavelengths ranging from 50 to
$$100~\textrm{m}$$
, wave heights of 1 and
$$3~\textrm{m}$$
, and periods of around
$$2~\textrm{min}$$
. These waves frequently collide with and reflect off the wharf, generating currents of 0.1 to
$$0.3~\textrm{m}\,\textrm{s}^{-1}$$
. Numerical simulations further illustrate the interactions between the waves and the wharf, highlighting regions near the wharf where wave-induced currents, both inshore and offshore, occur, including areas with near-zero currents that could create a false sense of calm conditions. Importantly, our observations also revealed that large ships, such as the Jaeger Arrow, can generate their own underwater waves, potentially compromising docking operations. While we cannot definitively confirm that underwater waves caused the incident involving the Jaeger Arrow, our study offers a plausible explanation: the ship may have been caught in a wavetrain reflecting off the wharf, leading to unpredictable movement during docking. These results highlight the potential risks posed by underwater waves to ship safety and maneuverability during docking operations, a topic under-explored in existing scientific literature.
Improving musculoskeletal care with AI enhanced triage through data driven screening of referral letters
Authors: Maarseveen Tjardo Daniël , Glas Herman Kasper , Veris-van Dieren Josien , van den Akker Erik , Knevel Rachel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Musculoskeletal complaints account for 30% of GP consultations, with many referred to rheumatology clinics via letters. This study developed a Machine Learning (ML) pipeline to prioritize referrals by identifying rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, and patients requiring long-term care. Using 8044 referral letters from 5728 patients across 12 clinics, we trained and validated ML models in two large centers and tested their generalizability in the remaining ten. The models were robust, with RA achieving an AUC-ROC of 0.78 (CI: 0.74–0.83), osteoarthritis 0.71 (CI: 0.67–0.74), fibromyalgia 0.81 (CI: 0.77–0.85), and chronic follow-up 0.63 (CI: 0.61–0.66). The RA-classifier outperformed manual referral systems, as it prioritised RA over non-RA cases (P < 0.001), while the manual referral system could not differentiate between the two. The other classifiers showed similar prioritisation improvements, highlighting the potential to enhance care efficiency, reduce clinician workload, and facilitate earlier specialized care. Future work will focus on building clinical decision-support tools.