bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermally Enhanced Self‐Trapped Exciton Emission Based on Thermochromic Ag+ doping 0D Zinc‐Based Halides
Authors: Wang Meng , Chen Xu , Li Gaoqiang , Zhang Fei , Ji Xinzhen , Ma Zhuangzhuang , Pan Gencai , Jia Mochen , Liu Ying , Tian Yongtao , Li Xinjian , Xu Wen , Shan Chongxin , Shi Zhifeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThermochromic materials, known for their unique ability to change optical properties with temperature, have broad applications, including in thermochromic light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). However, the scarcity of efficient and stable thermochromic phosphors limits their development. In this study, the development of a novel thermochromic phosphor based on zero‐dimensional (0D) inorganic metal halides is reported. The 0D Cs2ZnBr4:Ag+ phosphors show thermally enhanced self‐trapped exciton (STE) emission across a wide temperature range from 120 to 300 K with the emitted wavelength changing correspondingly. Temperature‐dependent photoluminescence (PL), time‐resolved PL, and density functional theory calculations confirm that the thermally enhanced STE emission originates from the passivated defect/traps in Cs2ZnBr4 and the thermally assisted energy transfer from the host to STEs formed by [AgBr4]3– tetrahedron with matrix phonons complementing the energy mismatch. Furthermore, the reversible thermochromic LEDs based on Cs2ZnBr4:Ag+ phosphors are successfully prepared. Overall, these findings provide a future design of high‐efficiency thermally enhanced luminescent materials and pave a new way for developing thermochromic materials for functional LED illumination.
Treatment response in patients with clinical and supportive laboratory features of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy without demyelinative findings on nerve conduction studies: A retrospective study
Authors: Curry Patrick , Herrmann David N. , Stanton Michael , Mongiovi Phillip , Akmyradov Chary , Logigian Eric 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsNot all patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) have evidence of demyelination on nerve conduction studies (NCS). Patients with “supportive” evidence of CIDP on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (US), or nerve biopsy but not on NCS, often receive immunomodulating therapy. We evaluated the treatment response of patients with clinical and supportive features of CIDP lacking NCS evidence of demyelination.MethodsRetrospective chart review was conducted on 232 patients who met CIDP clinical criteria and were treated with disease‐modifying therapy. Patients included did not have NCS criteria of demyelination, but did have supportive CSF, MRI, or US findings consistent with CIDP. A positive treatment response was defined as at least a one‐point improvement in the modified Rankin scale (mRS), or a four‐point increase in the Medical Research Council sum score (MRCSS).ResultsTwenty patients met criteria: 17 of the 18 (94%) patients with CSF protein >45 mg/dL, 6 of the 14 (43%) with MRI lumbosacral root or plexus enhancement, and 4 of the 6 (67%) with enlarged proximal nerves on US. Eighteen patients received intravenous immunoglobulin, 10 corticosteroids, one plasma exchange, and six other immunomodulatory therapies. Twelve patients had a positive treatment response on the MRCSS or mRS. The presence of MRI lumbosacral root or plexus enhancement was associated with a positive treatment response.DiscussionA trial of immunomodulating treatment should be considered for patients with clinical features of CIDP in the absence of NCS evidence of demyelination, particularly when there is MRI lumbosacral root or plexus enhancement.
Direct oral anticoagulant use in hospitalized pediatric patients: Insights from nationwide data
Authors: Buxton Brandon , Elliott Katharina , Schwalm Carla 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundDirect oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have had significant impact on the management of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adults, but these agents were not approved for use in pediatric patients until 2021. Our objective was to analyze the characteristics of pediatric patients treated with DOACs prior to and following U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for children and evaluate their impact on hospital outcomes.ProcedureWe utilized the Epic Cosmos dataset (Cosmos), a de‐identified dataset of over 220 million patients, to identify patients aged 1–18 years admitted with a first‐occurrence diagnosis of VTE between January 1, 2017 and June 30, 2023. Patients were grouped by anticoagulation received (unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparin, and/or DOACs).ResultsAmong 5138 eligible patients, 18.1% received DOACs as all or part of their anticoagulation treatment, while 81.9% received heparin therapies alone. Patients treated with DOACs were older than patients treated with heparin monotherapy at 17.4 and 13.0 years, respectively. Non‐DOAC patients were more likely to have chronic conditions and were less likely to have pulmonary embolism. Patients treated with DOACs demonstrated shorter overall length of stay and duration of intensive care unit (ICU) admission.ConclusionsDOACs remain infrequently utilized in pediatric patients, especially in those under 13 years old. Initiation on heparin therapy and transition to DOACs remains common, with 80.6% of DOAC patients receiving heparin during their hospitalization. While DOAC monotherapy is not currently endorsed as first‐line therapy for DVT or PE in children, it is being used clinically. Further research is needed to clarify the impact of DOAC use on patient adherence, VTE recurrence, and healthcare cost.
Hygrothermal effects on the durability of resin‐infused thermoplastic E‐glass fiber‐reinforced composites in marine environment
Authors: Hussnain S. M. , Shah S. Z. H. , Megat‐Yusoff P. S. M. , Choudhry R. S. , Hussain M. Z. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a comparative assessment of hygrothermal effects on the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of resin‐infused thermoplastic E‐glass fiber‐reinforced composites (FRC) in the marine environment. The thermoplastic FRCs were immersed in seawater at two different aging temperatures, that is, 35 and 70°C. The quasi‐static tests were conducted on unaged and aged FRCs, followed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the effect of the marine environment on the mechanical properties and damage progression. The specimens immersed at 70°C showed a significant drop of 46.7%, 39.7%, 22.6%, and 16% in mechanical properties (tensile, compression, flexural, and ILSS) mainly due to plasticization, matrix cracking, and fiber/matrix debonding. The specimens immersed at 35°C showed a reduction in tensile, compressive, and flexural strength of 10%, 14.7% and 1.9% respectively, with no significant effect on ILSS. In addition, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) reveals that prolonged aging induces an increase in glass transition temperature due to polymerization reactions. This work is intended to reveal the effect of extreme marine environment on the resin‐infused thermoplastic FRC and to provide a useful reference for their potential structural applications in the marine industry.Highlights
Influence of aging conditions on the long‐term performance of FRCs.
Hygrothermal aging leads to an increase in the glass transition temperature.
The marine environment degrades mechanical properties of FRCs by up to 50%.
Matrix cracking and fiber‐matrix debonding evolved as dominant failure modes.
Solar cell efficiency tables (Version 64)
Authors: Green Martin A. , Dunlop Ewan D. , Yoshita Masahiro , Kopidakis Nikos , Bothe Karsten , Siefer Gerald , Hinken David , Rauer Michael , Hohl‐Ebinger Jochen , Hao Xiaojing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConsolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined, and new entries since January 2024 are reviewed.
Engineering the future of Physalis grisea: A focus on agricultural challenges, model species status, and applied improvements
Authors: Dale Savanah Marie , Tomaszewski Elise , Lippman Zachary , Van Eck Joyce 
Published: July 2024

Societal Impact StatementGroundcherry (Physalis grisea) is a plant species grown for its flavorful fruit. The fruit drops from the plant, hence the common name groundcherry. This makes harvest cumbersome and puts the fruit at risk for carrying soil‐borne pathogens, therefore making them unsellable. Furthermore, insects often damage the plants, reducing yield. Advances in gene editing offer promise for addressing these issues and aiding home gardeners and farmers. Improvement will expand access to this nutritious fruit, rich in potassium, vitamin C, and antioxidants. Additionally, studies of its biology could serve as a model for improving other fruiting plants, particularly underutilized species.SummaryP. grisea is an underutilized, semidomesticated fruit crop with rising agronomic value. Several resources have been developed for its use in fundamental biological research, including a plant transformation system and a high‐quality reference genome. Already, P. grisea has been used as a model to investigate biological phenomena including inflated calyx syndrome and gene compensation. P. grisea has also been used to demonstrate the potential of fast‐tracking domestication trait improvement through approaches such as CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. This work has led to the Physalis Improvement Project, which relies on reverse genetics to understand the mechanisms that underlie fruit abscission and plant–herbivore interactions to guide approaches for improvement of undesirable characteristics. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing has been used to target P. grisea genes that are suspected to act in fruit abscission, particularly orthologs of those that are reported in tomato abscission zone development. A similar approach is being taken to target P. grisea genes involved in the withanolide biosynthetic pathway to determine the impact of withanolides on plant–herbivore interactions. Results from these research projects will lead to a greater understanding of important biological processes and will also generate knowledge needed to develop cultivars with reduced fruit drop and increased resistance to insect herbivory.
A Biochemical and Biophysical Analysis of the Interaction of nsp9 with nsp12 from SARS‐CoV‐2—Implications for Future Drug Discovery Efforts
Authors: Baker David L. , Wang Bing , Wilkinson‐White Lorna E. , El‐Kamand Serene , Allport Thomas A. , Ataide Sandro F. , Kwan Ann H. , Artsimovitch Irina , Cubeddu Liza , Gamsjaeger Roland 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe ongoing global pandemic of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19) disease is caused by the virus SARS‐CoV‐2, with very few highly effective antiviral treatments currently available. The machinery responsible for the replication and transcription of viral RNA during infection is made up of several important proteins. Two of these are nsp12, the catalytic subunit of the viral polymerase, and nsp9, a cofactor of nsp12 involved in the capping and priming of viral RNA. While several recent studies have determined the structural details of the interaction of nsp9 with nsp12 in the context of RNA capping, very few biochemical or biophysical details are currently available. In this study, we have used a combination of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) experiments, and biochemical assays to identify specific nsp9 residues that are critical for nsp12 binding as well as RNAylation, both of which are essential for the RNA capping process. Our data indicate that nsp9 dimerization is unlikely to play a significant functional role in the virus. We confirm that a set of recently discovered antiviral peptides inhibit nsp9–nsp12 interaction by specifically binding to nsp9; however, we find that these peptides do not impact RNAylation. In summary, our results have important implications for future drug discovery efforts to combat SARS‐CoV‐2 and any newly emerging coronaviruses.
Ultrathin Ionic Diodes with Electrostatically Heterogeneous Hybrid Interfaces of Nanoporous SiO2 Nanofilms and Polymer Layer‐by‐Layer Multilayers
Authors: Ishizaki‐Betchaku Yuya , Kumakura Narumi , Yamamoto Shunsuke , Nagano Shusaku , Mitsuishi Masaya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNanofluidic ionic diodes have attracted much attention due to their unique functions as unidirectional ion transportation ability and promising applications from molecular sensing, and energy harvesting to emerging neuromorphic devices. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate diode‐like nanofluidic systems with ultrathin film thickness <100 nm. Herein the formation of ultrathin ionic diodes from hybrid nanoassemblies of nanoporous (NP) SiO2 nanofilms and polyelectrolyte layer‐by‐layer (LbL) multilayers is described. Ultrathin ionic diodes are prepared by integrating polyelectrolyte multilayers onto photo‐oxidized NP SiO2 nanofilms obtained from silsesquioxane‐containing block copolymer thin films as a template. The obtained ultrathin ionic diodes exhibit ion current rectification (ICR) properties with high ICR factor = ≈20 under low ionic strength and asymmetric pH conditions. It is concluded that this ICR behavior arises from effective ion accumulation and depletion at the interface of NP SiO2 nanofilms and LbL multilayers attributed to high ion selectivity by combining the experimental data and theoretical calculations using finite element methods. These results demonstrate that the hybrid nano assemblies of NP SiO2 nanofilms and polyelectrolyte LbL multilayers have potential applications for (bio)sensing materials and integrated ionic circuits for seamless connection of human‐machine interfaces.
Thermophoresis‐Induced Polymer‐Driven Destabilization of Gold Nanoparticles for Optically Directed Assembly at Interfaces
Authors: Amaya Ana Jiménez , Goldmann Claire , Hill Eric H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe limitations of conventional template‐based methods for the deposition of nanoparticle assemblies into defined patterns on solid substrates call for the development of techniques that do not require templates or lithographic masks. The use of optically‐induced thermal gradients to drive the migration of colloids toward or away from a laser spot, known as opto‐thermophoresis, has shown promise for the low‐power trapping and optical manipulation of a variety of colloidal species. However, the printing of colloids using this technique has so far not been established. Herein, a method for the optically directed printing of noble metal nanoparticles, specifically gold nanospheres is reported. The thermophoresis of the polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone and gold nanospheres toward a laser spot led to the deposition of nanoparticle aggregates, capable of serving as surface‐enhanced Raman scattering substrates. The influence of heating laser power and the concentrations of polymer, salt, and surfactant on the nanoparticle deposition rate and structure of the printed pattern are studied, showing that a variety of conditions can permit printing, suggesting facile generalization to different nanoparticle compositions, sizes, and shapes. These findings will greatly benefit future efforts for directed nanoparticle assembly, and drive applications in sensing, photothermal heating, and relevant applications in biomedicine and devices.
Parametric analysis of nonstructural component acceleration response spectra considering interaction between structures and nonstructural components
Authors: Zhang Guowei , Song Jincheng , Qin Chang'an , Sun Guoliang , Zhuang Peng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe nonstructural component–structure interaction (NSI) is a critical aspect in addressing the seismic design of structures and nonstructural components. However, the NSI is not considered in generating acceleration spectrum, which is the most commonly used tool for seismic design. To study the pattern of the NSI affecting acceleration response spectra of nonstructural components and floors, the acceleration response spectra of a benchmark steel frame structure with different parameters were calculated using a numerical method after the accuracy of the numerical method was verified by carrying out shaking table tests. These parameters are the damping ratio of the nonstructural component, the weight ratio of the nonstructural components to the floor, and the frequency ratio and height ratio of the nonstructural component to the structure. The influence of each parameter on acceleration response spectra was derived by comparing different spectra. The trend of acceleration response spectra of the nonstructural component with different combinations of parameters was compared to determine whether each parameter is relatively independent. This parametric analysis can be applied to calculating acceleration response spectra of the nonstructural component while considering the NSI.
Emotional Landscape of Translingualism: Multilingual International Students Navigating Shame Through Translingual Digital Stories
Authors: Jiang Jialei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExtending the current scholarly discussion on anti‐racist translingualism, this article explores how two multilingual international students navigate and resist the feelings of shame through translingual digital storytelling. Based on a narrative analysis, the study delves into the multilingual international students' racialized experience as they grapple with linguistic racism and internalized Whiteness. The findings from the narrative analysis suggest the students' evolving and ongoing relationships with shame. The researcher argues that translingual digital stories allow the students to draw upon a myriad of linguistic repertoires and semiotic resources, which are essential for navigating shameful feelings and addressing linguistic racism. The researcher concludes this article by offering suggestions and recommendations for cultivating an anti‐racist pedagogy within multilingual education.
Water Quality Assessment in an Area Degraded by Urban Solid Waste in Southern Brazil
Authors: Teixeira Daniel Reis , Borges Malu Siqueira , Vargas Luciano Kayser , da Silva Fernanda Rabaioli , Beneduzi Anelise 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTIn most Brazilian municipalities, urban solid waste (USW) is disposed of in open dumps, with numerous sites now being closed, monitored, and rehabilitated. One location, the “old dump” area in the Portão municipality (southern Brazil), previously served as an irregular repository for USW and industrial solid waste (ISW). Its use continued until 1993 when it was closed for a natural remediation process. For this reason, this study aimed to assess groundwater quality in the Portão “old dump,” employing physicochemical, microbiological, and toxicity quality indicators. The study's scope was extended to encompass the Portão Stream as well. Notably, the second collection campaign revealed elevated dissolved aluminum (Al3+), iron (Fe2+), and nitrate levels in all groundwater samples (from PZi wells, i = 1–6), with the PZ3 monitoring well experiencing the most pronounced impact. Further quality indicators, such as total phosphorus, thermotolerant coliforms, BOD5, as well as Al3+ and copper (Cu2+) levels in the second water collection campaign from Portão Stream, were classified as Class 4, suggesting that the water is suitable only for navigation and aesthetic purposes. Conductivity analysis identified Portão Stream as another impacted area. Moreover, during the second collection campaign, the study uncovered an escalation in micronuclei (MN) frequency and chromosomal alterations in PZ5. Downstream water samples from Portão Stream exhibited similarly heightened MN levels. This study's investigation into water quality is a concrete example of the implications of improper USW management. These findings underscore the pressing need for effective waste management strategies to mitigate environmental degradation and protect public health.
Potential prognostic indicators in dogs with advanced heart failure secondary to myxomatous mitral valve disease
Authors: Li Chuan‐Chuan , Chan I‐Ping , Chang Chao‐Chin , Hsueh Tung , Yang Chung‐Chun , Lin Shiun‐Long 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdvanced heart failure (AHF) secondary to myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs has unclear predictive variables and survival time.MethodsThis retrospective study included 38 dogs with AHF and 38 with stable congestive heart failure (CHF), both due to MMVD. Predictive variables for AHF were analysed, and survival times were calculated using logistic regression and the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsLeft atrium to aortic root ratio, normalised left ventricular dimension at the end‐diastole and end‐systole, isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and early transmitral inflow velocity to IVRT ratio were associated with AHF progression. The median survival times were significantly longer in the stable group than in the AHF group. After AHF diagnosis, the median survival times for all‐cause and cardiogenic mortality were 194 and 354 days, respectively.LimitationsThis was a single‐centre retrospective observational study. The study population was small, with breed bias (overrepresentation of Maltese dogs). Additionally, the treatment plans depended on clinical experience.ConclusionsAHF in dogs with CHF secondary to MMVD is linked to left heart chamber enlargement and increased left ventricular dimensions, significantly reducing survival time to around six months post‐diagnosis. Early recognition and appropriate management may improve outcomes, highlighting the importance of advanced treatment strategies.
Supply‐side climate policy: A new frontier in climate governance
Authors: Newell Peter , Daley Freddie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFrom the margins of climate governance, supply‐side policies that seek to restrict the production of climate‐heating fossil fuels and keep sizeable quantities of remaining reserves in the ground are gaining greater prominence. From national‐level production bans and phase‐out policies to divestment campaigns and the creation of “climate clubs,” such as the Beyond Oil and Gas Alliance (BOGA), an increasing number of such policies are being adopted by national and state governments, cities and financial actors around the world. This marked shift in climate governance reflects a growing recognition that the temperature goals of the Paris Agreement cannot be achieved without enhanced efforts to leave large swathes of remaining fossil fuel reserves in the ground and actively phase‐out existing fossil fuels infrastructures. Unsurprisingly, there has been increasing scholarly attention to different dimensions of supply‐side policy: from identifying the nature and scale of the “production gap” (between planned fossil fuel production and that which is compatible with climate goals), to initial attempts to map and explain the adoption of supply‐side policies across different regions and sectors, as well as forward‐looking analysis of possible pathways to multilateral supply‐side agreements. This article surveys this academic and policy landscape to review what we currently know about supply‐side policies: how, when, why and by whom they are adopted, how significant they are, and the ways in which national and regional measures might be supported multilaterally.This article is categorized under:
Policy and Governance > Multilevel and Transnational Climate Change Governance
Climate, Nature, and Ethics > Climate Change and Global Justice