bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is There an Enabling Environment for Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture in East Africa?
Authors: Hodge Judith , Herforth Anna , Gillespie Stuart , Beyero Mesfin , Wagah Margaret , Semakula Richard 
Published: October 2015

Background: There is growing recognition that “nutrition-sensitive” development is necessary to ensure nutrition security and reduce malnutrition. While agriculture has the potential to be a strong driver of malnutrition reduction and serves as the main source of livelihood for approximately two-thirds of East Africa’s population, its potential to reduce malnutrition is currently not being realized. Objective: Leveraging Agriculture for Nutrition in East Africa is a research study based in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Uganda that seeks to understand the enabling environment necessary for optimizing the contribution of the food and agriculture sector to nutrition outcomes. Its objectives were to explore stakeholder perceptions of nutrition–agriculture linkages, of political and institutional challenges and opportunities, of evidence that is available and influential for policy making, and of key issues with regard to capacity. Methods: Open-ended and semistructured interviews were conducted with 53 stakeholders from government, civil society, donors, United Nations organizations, private sector, and research/academic institutions in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Uganda in 2014. Results: Although policy opportunities and contexts are different between the 3 countries, stakeholders identified similar barriers to greater action, including a narrow focus on solely market-oriented and staple crop production, a lack of clarity and incentives within the agriculture sector about improving nutrition and how to translate policy into action, and lack of capacity in human and financial resources. Many actions to improve the nutrition sensitivity of agriculture were mentioned, including crop diversification, value chain activities and improved market access, nutrition education, and reduction in time and labor costs to women. Conclusion: Many opportunities exist to strengthen the impact of agriculture on nutrition in East Africa, but stronger formulation and implementation of policies will require adequate human resources, funds, timely data on the context, sector alignment on priority actions, and alignment on a framework or indicators for accountability.
Contact Dermatitis to Personal Sporting Equipment in Youth
Authors: Marzario Barbara , Burrows Dianne , Skotnicki Sandy 
Published: October 2015

Background: Contact dermatitis to personal sporting equipment in youth is poorly studied. Objective: To review the results of patch testing 6 youth to their sporting equipment in a dermatology general private practice from 2006 to 2011. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 6 youth aged 11 to 14 who were evaluated for chronic and persistent dermatitis occurring in relation to sports equipment was conducted. All patients were subjected to epicutaneous (patch) testing, which included some or all of the following: North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACGD) series, textile series, rubber series, corticosteroid series, and raw material from the patients’ own personal equipment. Results: All cases had 1 or more positive patch test reactions to an allergen within the aforementioned series, and 3 subjects tested positive to their personal equipment in raw form. Conclusions: Allergic contact dermatitis, not irritant, was deemed the relevant cause of chronic dermatitis in 4 of the 6 patients due to positive reactions to epicutaneous tests and/or personal equipment. The utility of testing to patients’ own sporting equipment was shown to be of additional value and should be considered when patch testing for contact allergy to sporting equipment.
Lupus Miliaris Disseminatus Faciei With Isolated Axillary Involvement
Authors: Kim Whan Ben , Mistry Nisha 
Published: October 2015

Background: Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei (LMDF) is a chronic, granulomatous inflammatory disorder, commonly localized to the face. Objective: To present an unusual manifestation of LMDF and review the literature. Methods: We document a 41-year-old woman with LMDF with isolated axillary involvement. A literature review was conducted using Pubmed, Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar for similar cases using search terms lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei, LMDF, acne agminata, and acnitis. Results: Extrafacial LMDF without concomitant facial involvement is rare; there has been only 1 other report of LMDF with exclusive axillary involvement to date. In addition, we report the successful use of doxycycline monohydrate combined with topical tacrolimus in the treatment of LMDF. Conclusion: Physicians should note that LMDF can occur in body sites other than the face and should be aware of the available treatment options to manage this condition.
Mark Olssen on neoliberalisation of higher education and academic lives: An interview
Authors: Raaper Rille , Olssen Mark 
Published: October 2015

This article is based on an interview conducted with Mark Olssen in October 2014, and the subsequent discussions. These conversations invited Olssen to reflect on his experiences of neoliberalism as a practising academic who has worked in the UK for some 14 years, and also to comment as a researcher and writer who is well known for his work on neoliberalism, especially in relation to higher education policy. While focusing on a question of how neoliberalism has changed the context in which academics work, following Olssen’s lead in his own research, in this interview he articulates a Foucauldian understanding of neoliberalism that can be seen as a specific mode of government rooted in economic discourses of competition ( Foucault, 2008 ). The accentuation of the competitive forces shaping higher education, linked in Britain to periodic audits such as the RAE and the REF, have become increasingly visible within higher education institutions through techniques, such as performance indicators and targets, the increasing role of non-academic managers, the adoption of line-management authority hierarchies, linked to strategic planning, quality assurance, annual appraisals and audits that now function as a regular part of university governance ( Olssen and Peters, 2005 ) and which discipline the way academics ‘conduct their conduct’, in Foucault’s phrase. By drawing on various examples from Olssen’s experience, it is argued that academics in neoliberalised institutions have been seriously deprofessionalised, the sources of which must be traced to complex causes ‘in the whole network of the social’ ( Foucault, 1982 : 345). Although this complexity of power is increasingly constraining, it is also suggested that it still offers some opportunities for academic resistance. The summary of our conversations is presented in this article, aiming to address the ways in which neoliberalism has transformed academia. We argue that the replacement of traditional liberal collegial models of governance by neoliberal technologies has diminished the academic freedom and professional self-determination of academics within the university acting to the detriment of autonomous research endeavours and propelling an escalation of the ‘dark times’ so vividly depicted by Tamboukou (2012: 860) . In general terms, the article contributes to wider scholarly debate on neoliberalisation of higher education and academic work.
2D multifractal analysis and porosity scaling estimation in Lower Cretaceous carbonates
Authors: Vega Sandra , Jouini M. Soufiane 
Published: October 2015

The study of scaling porosity in carbonate rocks has great importance because (1) porosity measurements are usually made at scales that are different from the one of interest and (2) carbonate formations contain most of the hydrocarbon reservoirs and aquifers in the world. Despite these facts, scaling porosity in heterogeneous media, such as carbonate rocks, is still an open problem. The heterogeneity of carbonate rocks mainly resides in their complex texture. We have extended previous studies on carbonate multifractal behavior in pore space morphology at different scales, and we have developed a new equation based in fractal geometry that could be used to scale the porosity. In our methodology, we (1) perform a multifractal analysis in thin-section images of a set of complex carbonate rocks from the Lower Cretaceous, (2) review the effect of magnification in scanning-electronic-microscope and thin section images, (3) deduce a new scaling equation for porosity, and finally (4) evaluate this equation in the studied samples. We found that this new equation could be used under the approximation that the majority of the pores have a similar size, equivalent to the maximum pore size found in thin-section images. However, it must be applied carefully because the fractality/multifractality of pore spaces in carbonates could be present only in certain parts of the rocks and in a limited range that might not include the targeted scale. In fact, multifractality in the studied carbonate rocks seemed to be more complex than that found in previous studies. It was noticed that the proposed equation brought the benefit of fractal geometry formalism taking into account the physical scaling of pore space heterogeneities, and it indeed has the potential to estimate porosity at different spatial scales as an alternative method to find porosity when measurements are not available.
A basin-scale perspective on Cenomanian-Turonian (Cretaceous) depositional systems, greater Gulf of Mexico (USA)
Authors: Snedden John W. , Virdell Jon , Whiteaker Timothy L. , Ganey-Curry Patty 
Published: October 2015

Recent exploration discoveries have extended the play fairway for Ceno-Turonian age sandstones from traditional onshore fields into the ultradeep water of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), necessitating a reevaluation of the basin-scale depositional paleogeography. The Eagle Ford-Tuscaloosa (EFT) supersequence is a long-duration (10 my) aggregate of sand-prone depositional sequences, organic-rich shales, and shallow to deepwater carbonates. Tectonic drivers may help to explain how the Tuscaloosa depositional transport systems were able to surmount the prominent shelf-margin reef barrier that previously trapped so much sand in updip shoreline systems in underlying Lower Cretaceous supersequences. The EFT and underlying Paluxy-Washita supersequences were mapped across the Gulf Basin, from onshore to deep water, using a database of released wells, biostratigraphy, and proprietary 2D seismic data. Mapping reveals a carbonate- and shale-dominated, shallow to deep basin bisected by a sand-prone central corridor with two prominent depositional axes extending toward the Keathley Canyon and Mississippi Canyon protraction areas. Our paleogeographic reconstruction pointed to a large extrabasinal fluvial system with a catchment draining the Appalachians, confirmed by recently published detrital zircon provenance results. An older but underappreciated model for a brief but significant phase of uplift of the Mississippi embayment may explain how the basal sandstone units of the Tuscaloosa prograded and supported a large submarine fan extending more than 500 km (310 mi) from the previous Albian shelf margin. The estimated volumes of sediment generated by the local uplift are at least an order of magnitude too small to explain the deepwater grain volume suggesting related regional extension of drainage catchments during the tectonic event. Our work reveals the extent of a large sand fairway with an areal size, fan run-out length, and reservoir volume comparable in some respects with the hydrocarbon-rich Paleogene (Wilcox) in the central GOM.
Competition and the Efficiency of Markets for Technology
Authors: Allain Marie-Laure , Henry Emeric , Kyle Margaret 
Published: October 2015

The sale of ideas through licensing facilitates the division of labor between the separate activities of research and development. This vertical specialization can improve the overall efficiency of the innovative process. However, these gains depend on the timing of the sale: the buyer of an innovative project should assume development at the stage at which he has an efficiency advantage. Using data from the pharmaceutical industry, we show that competition between potential buyers is related to the timing of licensing. Furthermore, the effect differs by the type of competitor. We then describe a class of models that yields predictions consistent with these empirical patterns. Our key insight is that increased competition may increase licensing delays and hence inefficiency. This paper was accepted by David Hsu, entrepreneurship and innovation.
Pregnancy-induced hypertension and associated factors among pregnant women attending public health facilities in Swaziland
Authors: Mbonane Siphesihle , Ziyane Isabella 
Published: October 2015

Background/Aims: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is the main cause of morbidity and mortality among pregnant women in Swaziland. The main objectives of this study were to: i) identify the factors contributing to the development of pregnancy-induced hypertension among women attending public health facilities in Swaziland; ii) investigate the association between the development of pregnancy-induced hypertension sociodemographic variables, family history, obstetric history, lifestyle, and access to health care services. Methods: An exploratory, descriptive research design, using a quantitative research approach was used. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20, where a sample frame of 60 women diagnosed with pregnancy-induced hypertension, and a sample of 50 women was selected using simple random sampling. Results: The findings revealed a significant association between sociodemographic variables and obstetric history (p=0.001), marital status (p=0.025) and lifestyle, which in turn predisposes the woman to pregnancy-induced hypertension. Employment status (p=0.044) was significantly associated with access to health care services and level of education (p=0.027). Conclusions: Factors that are significantly associated with the development of pregnancy-induced hypertension include age, multiple pregnancy, a history of pregnancy-induced hypertension in previous pregnancies and limited use of antenatal care services. The authors recommend strengthening pre- and in-service midwifery education on the management of pregnancy-induced hypertension, as well as client education on the risk factors for pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Association between bra use and pectoral girdle myalgia in nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Odebiyi Daniel Oluwafemi , Aweto Happiness Anulika , Gbadebo Olumide Adetoro , Oluwole Ayodeji Ayotunde , Aiyegbusi Ayoola Ibifubara , Olaogun Matthew Olatokunbo , Lee Lester Jonathan 
Published: October 2015

Background/Aims: Bra cup size is associated with pectoral girdle myalgia in women. this study investigated the prevalence of pectoral girdle myalgia in a population of nigerian women and the association of pectoral girdle myalgia with the congruence of measured vs reported bra size. Methods: 291 females aged 15–50 years completed a 31-item biodata questionnaire, which included questions on attributed pain to bra use. A chi-squared test was used to determine the association between age, cup size, congruence of measured vs reported bra size, and occurrence of pectoral girdle myalgia. Results: The 12-month prevalence of pectoral girdle myalgia was 44% (n=122). There was no association between age, cup size, congruence of measured vs reported bra size, and occurrence of pectoral girdle myalgia (p>0.05). Conclusions: Pectoral girdle myalgia was found to be common among the respondents. The fact that the size of bra worn was largely dependent on self-selection might have been responsible for the high number of respondents wearing wrong-sized bras. Working with the arms elevated had a significant association with the development of pectoral girdle myalgia (χ2=4.12, p=0.040), a finding that requires further exploration.
A dialogue of one: Reflection on visual practice through drawing
Authors: Croft Michael 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This article concerns the reflection of the author on his visual practice. The author carried out a piece of work in the medium of drawing-based painting for this purpose. The work is on canvas and was situated in the right angle of two adjoining walls of a studio. The process was recorded visually using stop-motion photography, reference to stills of which are included at the end of the article. The author also spoke his thoughts into a voice recorder while drawing, the transcripts providing, as nearly as possible, subjective reflexive content for the author’s more analytical reflection. Summaries of the transcripts are included in the article as well as some excerpts included as long-form captions alongside photographic images. The article involves questions of the author’s own corporeal embodiment in the drawing, self-performance as a mode of content, and the author’s individual working process as the work’s narrative. Theoretical references are to phenomenology, philosophy of perception and some recent articles concerning research from a practice basis.
See for yourself: Drawing (out) the interiors of vision1
Authors: Imperatore Lynn 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Drawing can apprehend and articulate from unexpected edges of the visual field/perceptual world – even as the draughtsman seeks to record ostensibly straightforward observation. Drawing is a sleight-of-hand that registers and interprets through layers of vision – by shifting regard between what is perceived and what is imagined, between the percept and the image. In ordinary perception, the disposition of sight is oriented towards expectation, in a visual regime that reinforces what meets the eye (rather than the ‘I’). Yet the view towards drawing allows for reception of other data: perception that un-enforces to expand or distil apprehension, to allow us to see more, or less, than what meets the eye. Even the established techniques that inform the western traditions of drawing – as an acquired expressive skill – coalesce around specified rules that direct us to alter the pose and project of vision; isolating our look to contour, value, negative spaces and so on. From such discrete and reconfigured repositions in seeing, ‘honest’ representations of observation may become recognized and recorded. But what constitutes a measurement of such honesty of sight? Too often, the strategies of looking for drawing are applied to merely achieve mimicry of expectations of perception. If limited thus, we neglect to ‘see’ how drawing can open onto intervals at the peripheries of vision, onto dormant agents of perception: the subtleties of reflection, the borders of sleep and dreams, the auras and occlusions that flicker across our gaze and our imagination everyday. An observant artist cultivates the ability to withhold aspects of cognition and recognition from perception and – through drawing – purposely and purposefully cultivates a capacity to withhold conclusion based upon preconception. By tracking and recording glimpses into the ephemeral, drawing discloses a fuller account of embodied life.
Designing an artificial environment to create contemporary experimental drawings: An analytical and experimental study
Authors: Ahmedien Diaa Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This article describes a non-traditional attempt to build a miniature artificial environment that seeks and creates experimental drawings. With microscopic techniques, ink gel was injected into tiny blocks of solid ice in a custom-made chamber. This process allowed us to create some artistic sketches on the inner surface of ice blocks. With our innovative technique we were able to control the ink distribution rate inside the ice blocks, and then we have already recorded ink paths as artistic sketches with microscopic recording processes. The experiment aimed to answer three questions: can we reinterpret the contemporary art of drawing through some contemporary concepts that deal with the art of drawing as an interactive process? How can we examine the effects of the technological aspects and scientific procedures on the interactive processes in contemporary experimental drawings? To what extent can this experiment contribute to redefine a key standard in twentyfirst century aesthetics? This case study hopes to enhance our understanding of the conceptual content of some contemporary experimental drawings, not only technically, but also by linking our results to leading artworks that have already had considerable impact on a wide range of artistic trends.
Juristische und theologische Dogmatik
Authors: Welker Michael 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This article refers to the recent German discussion on the role and function of legal dogmatics. The insistence among legal scholars on relating the evolution of the law to academic work, to the praxis of the courts and on locating it in truth-seeking communities, but also the insight into the multifunctionality of dogmatics open up ways for a comparison of legal and theological dogmatics. The article identifies nine levels in legal and theological dogmatic thought and orientation which lead to fruitful observations of commonalities and differences of legal and theological normativity.
Das »Große Welthaus«
Authors: Haspel Michael 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In this article Martin Luther King, Jr.’s concept of active non-violent resistance and his stand against the Vietnam War are reconstructed in their historical and societal context, following his own theological concept of contextualization. The findings suggest that King combines fundamental and contextual arguments to sustain his position. It is argued that in order to apply his positions to the current questions of peace and war, King’s arguments have to be recontextualized. Special emphasis is laid on King’s theological concept of human dignity and human rights as well as his vision of a Great World House as unique contributions to the peace discourse of his time and beyond.
Terrorismus und politische Theologie
Authors: Moltmann Jürgen 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Bakunin’s anarchism on the one hand and Carl Schmitt’s State-God on the other mirror each other. Either concept is about the non-accountable, »absolute« political decision. Both modern terrorism and the political reaction to it in the »security state« follow the alternative Bakunin-Schmitt. By contrast, the »open society« of democracy needs the Christian, intelligent love of enemies to deal with its enemies without self-destruction.
Three-fold Thinking on the Sinicization of Christianity
Authors: Zhigang Zhang 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This essay investigates the concept of »Sinicization of Christianity« from an »academic« standpoint, the goal being to discuss more objectively and rationally how Christianity may be able to meld into Chinese culture, the Chinese nation, and in particular, contemporary Chinese society. The investigation is presented in three parts: a comparison between the histories of Christianity in China and Korea, a study of the ecological situation of religions in contemporary China, and new developments in international research on interreligious dialogue. The article concludes that social practice should be the main criterion for testing religious faith, and that, based on China’s current conditions, the best course for the Sinicization of Christianity is to make positive and important contributions to continued reform and opening-up of Chinese society and to its development and progress.