bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conduct Disorder and Delinquency
Authors: McCart Michael R. , Schaeffer Cindy , Henggeler Scott W. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of evidence‐based treatments that utilize cognitive behavioral interventions to treat conduct disorder and delinquency among youth. The selected treatments fall into two categories. The first category includes cognitive behavioral treatment programs that focus primarily on youths' social information processing deficits. The second category includes family‐based treatments that incorporate cognitive behavioral components as part of a broader array of interventions that aim to change family and other systemic contributors to conduct disorder and delinquency. We describe the theoretical foundation, model of service delivery, and key clinical procedures for each of the cognitive behavioral and family‐based models. In addition, we summarize the evidence base for these treatments established through efficacy and effectiveness trials.
Panic Disorder
Authors: Schmidt Norman B. , Korte Kristina J. , Norr Aaron M. , Keough Meghan E. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of empirically based treatment approaches to panic disorder, with a specific focus on the use of cognitive behavioral therapy. A detailed literature review focusing on the efficacy and effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for panic disorder is provided. The advantages and disadvantages of combination treatments (i.e., cognitive behavioral therapy with psychiatric medications) are also considered. In addition, elements of typical cognitive behavioral therapy protocols are delineated to assist clinicians with a sample course of treatment for panic disorder. Finally, advances in cognitive behavioral therapy‐based treatments (i.e., transdiagnostic treatments, computer‐based treatments, adjuncts to cognitive behavioral therapy) for panic disorder are also discussed.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Authors: Patrick Christopher J. , Nelson Lindsay D. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAntisocial personality disorder exacts a costly toll on society and poses many unique challenges for treatment. This chapter reviews historic conceptions of antisocial personality disorder and the related but distinct condition of psychopathy. The systematic co‐occurrence of antisocial personality disorder with other diagnostic conditions (e.g., alcoholism, other forms of drug dependence) is discussed, and research is reviewed indicating that disorders of these types (termed “externalizing” disorders) share a common underlying dispositional vulnerability. This is followed by a review of current diagnostic criteria for antisocial personality disorder and changes to the diagnosis that have been proposed for theDSM‐5, highlighting parallels to the literature (including changes proposed for theDSM‐5) on conduct disorder, the childhood precursor to adult antisocial personality disorder. The chapter concludes with a discussion of currently available methods of treatment for antisocial populations, emphasizing the best‐supported cognitive behavioral approaches, and future directions for treatment based on recent developments in the literature reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on ways in which interventions could be tailored to meet the unique treatment needs of phenotypically distinct subgroups of antisocial individuals, and how emerging knowledge of the neurobiological underpinnings of antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy might be applied to developing alternative methods of treatment such as pharmacologically based or neuro‐reprogramming (e.g., brain‐process oriented training, or direct brain biofeedback) approaches that directly target cognitive and affective processing deficits common in these populations.
Illegal Drug Use
Authors: Kiluk Brian D. , Carroll Kathleen M. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractCognitive behavioral therapy for illegal drug use has its roots in behavior theory, incorporating principles of classical and operant conditioning toward understanding patterns of substance use, while also emphasizing the importance of a person's thoughts and feelings as contributors to behavior. This relatively brief and highly structured, yet flexible, treatment has shown to be efficacious across a wide range of substance use disorders, and compatible with a number of other treatment approaches, including pharmacotherapy, contingency management, and motivational enhancement. The defining features of cognitive behavioral therapy for illegal drug use are reviewed, which include functional analysis and skills training, as well as areas requiring special attention, such as extra‐session practice assignments, therapist training and competence, and the impact of impaired cognitive functioning. The chapter ends with an overview of new treatment developments, such as a computer‐delivered version of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT4CBT), and interventions aimed at improving cognitive function.
Optisch reine, monodisperse cis‐Oligodiacetylene: Chiralitätsverstärkung durch Aggregation
Authors: Chernick Erin T. , Börzsönyi Gabor , Steiner Christian , Ammon Maximilian , Gessner David , Frühbeißer Sabine , Gröhn Franziska , Maier Sabine , Tykwinski Rik R. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractKonformationsänderungen des konjugierten Rückgrats von Poly‐ und Oligodiacetylenen (PDAs und ODAs) spielen bei der Bestimmung der elektronischen Eigenschaften dieser Verbindungen eine wichtige Rolle. Gleichzeitig können Konformationsänderungen auch zu gefalteten Strukturen führen, die helikale Chiralität aufweisen. Durch Verwendung von D‐Campher als chiraler Baustein konnten monodisperse, optisch reine cis‐Oligodiacetylene (ODAs) in hoher Ausbeute erhalten werden. cis‐ODAs bis zur Länge des Tridecamers wurden synthetisiert, was dem längsten bisher bekannten monodispersen cis‐ODA entspricht. UV/Vis‐Spektroskopie deutet auf eine hohe effektive Konjugationslänge in THF hin, vermutlich aufgrund einer linearen planaren Konformation in diesem Lösungsmittel. Hochauflösende STM/AFM‐Messungen von Filmen des Nonamers, abgeschieden aus einer THF‐Lösung auf HOPG, zeigen eine lineare Struktur. In iPrOH gemessene Zirkulardichroismus(CD)‐Spektren legen die Bildung chiraler Aggregate der ODAs mit mindestens neun D‐Campher‐Einheiten nahe. Die CD‐Resonanz ist konzentrations‐ und temperaturabhängig.
Penta‐ und hexakoordinierte Tris(pentafluorethyl)fluorosilicate
Authors: Steinhauer Simon , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Neumann Beate , Ignat'ev Nikolai , Hoge Berthold 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDas Forschungsgebiet der Perfluoralkylsilane ist noch jung. Zwar sind bereits mehrere Beispiele für Difluorotriorganylsilicate bekannt, hier stellen wir allerdings mit dem Dianion [Si(C2F5)3F3]2− das erste Beispiel für ein vollständig charakterisiertes Trifluorotriorganylsilicat vor. Der stark elektronenziehende Einfluss der Pentafluorethylgruppen scheint wesentlich für die Stabilisierung dieser Verbindung zu sein. Des Weiteren ist dieses Dianion das erste strukturell charakterisierte Beispiel einer Tris(pentafluorethyl)siliciumverbindung. Uns gelang die Herstellung und vollständige Charakterisierung von [PPh4]2[Si(C2F5)3F3] und [PPh4][Si(C2F5)3F2] sowie der Vorstufe [H(OEt2)2][Si(C2F5)3F2] ausgehend von SiCl4 und LiC2F5.
Gold‐Catalyzed Heterogeneous Aerobic Dehydrogenative Amination of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes to Enaminals
Authors: Jin Xiongjie , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Mizuno Noritaka 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAlthough enaminals (β‐enaminals) are very important compounds and have been utilized as useful synthons for various important compounds, they have been synthesized through non‐green and/or limited procedures until now. Herein, we have successfully developed a green synthetic procedure using a heterogeneous catalyst. In the presence of gold nanoparticles supported on manganese‐oxide‐based octahedral molecular sieves OMS‐2 (Au/OMS‐2), dehydrogenative amination of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes with amines proceeded efficiently, with the corresponding enaminals isolated in moderate to high yields (50–97 %). The catalysis was truly heterogeneous, and Au/OMS‐2 could be reused. Furthermore, the formal Wacker‐type oxidation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes to enaminones has been realized.
Total Synthesis of Pectenotoxin‐2
Authors: Fujiwara Kenshu , Suzuki Yuki , Koseki Nao , Aki Yu‐ichi , Kikuchi Yuta , Murata Shun‐ichi , Yamamoto Fuyuki , Kawamura Mariko , Norikura Toshio , Matsue Hajime , Murai Akio , Katoono Ryo , Kawai Hidetoshi , Suzuki Takanori 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPectenotoxin‐2 (PTX2) is a shellfish toxin and has a non‐anomeric spiroacetal, which is not stabilized by an anomeric effect. The selective construction of the non‐anomeric spiroacetal has been a major problem in the synthesis of PTX2. Described herein is the stereoselective total synthesis of PTX2 via the isomerization of anomeric spiroacetal pectenotoxin‐2b (PTX2b). The synthesis of PTX2b was achieved by a simple process including sulfone‐mediated assembly of spirocyclic and bicyclic acetals and subsequent macrocyclization by ring‐closing olefin metathesis. Finally, the selective construction of PTX2 was accomplished by the early termination of a dynamic transition process to equilibrium in the acid‐catalyzed isomerization of anomeric PTX2b. [6,6]‐Spiroacetal pectenotoxin‐2c (PTX2c) was also synthesized from PTX2b. The cytotoxicity assay of the synthetic compounds against HepG2 and Caco2 cancer cells showed a potency of the order: PTX2≫PTX2b>PTX2c.
Structure of a Complex Formed by a Protein and a Helical Aromatic Oligoamide Foldamer at 2.1 Å Resolution
Authors: Buratto Jérémie , Colombo Cinzia , Stupfel Marine , Dawson Simon J. , Dolain Christel , Langlois d'Estaintot Béatrice , Fischer Lucile , Granier Thierry , Laguerre Michel , Gallois Bernard , Huc Ivan 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn the search of molecules that could recognize sizeable areas of protein surfaces, a series of ten helical aromatic oligoamide foldamers was synthesized on solid phase. The foldamers comprise three to five monomers carrying various proteinogenic side chains, and exist as racemic mixtures of interconverting right‐handed and left‐handed helices. Functionalization of the foldamers by a nanomolar ligand of human carbonic anhydrase II (HCA) ensured that they would be held in close proximity to the protein surface. Foldamer–protein interactions were screened by circular dichroism (CD). One foldamer displayed intense CD bands indicating that a preferred helix handedness is induced upon interacting with the protein surface. The crystal structure of the complex between this foldamer and HCA could be resolved at 2.1 Å resolution and revealed a number of unanticipated protein–foldamer, foldamer–foldamer, and protein–protein interactions.
Bacteria‐Triggered Release of Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Komnatnyy Vitaly V. , Chiang Wen‐Chi , Tolker‐Nielsen Tim , Givskov Michael , Nielsen Thomas E. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMedical devices employed in healthcare practice are often susceptible to microbial contamination. Pathogenic bacteria may attach themselves to device surfaces of catheters or implants by formation of chemically complex biofilms, which may be the direct cause of device failure. Extracellular bacterial lipases are particularly abundant at sites of infection. Herein it is shown how active or proactive compounds attached to polymeric surfaces using lipase‐sensitive linkages, such as fatty acid esters or anhydrides, may be released in response to infection. Proof‐of‐concept of the responsive material is demonstrated by the bacteria‐triggered release of antibiotics to control bacterial populations and signaling molecules to modulate quorum sensing. The self‐regulating system provides the basis for the development of device‐relevant polymeric materials, which only release antibiotics in dependency of the titer of bacteria surrounding the medical device.
Synthesis of Five‐ and Six‐Coordinate Tris(pentafluoroethyl)fluorosilicates
Authors: Steinhauer Simon , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Neumann Beate , Ignat'ev Nikolai , Hoge Berthold 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe research area of perfluoroalkylsilanes is still in its infancy. Although there are already many examples of difluorotriorganylsilicates, the first example of a completely characterized trifluorotriorganylsilicate is presented, the dianion [Si(C2F5)3F3]2−. The strongly electron‐withdrawing influence of the pentafluoroethyl groups appears to be a fundamental cause of the stability of this compound. This dianion is also the first structurally characterized example of a tris(pentafluoroethyl)silicon compound. The synthesis and complete characterization of [PPh4]2[Si(C2F5)3F3] and [PPh4][Si(C2F5)3F2] along with the precursor [H(OEt2)2][Si(C2F5)3F2] was achieved from SiCl4 and LiC2F5.
Pt‐Pd‐Co Trimetallic Alloy Network Nanostructures with Superior Electrocatalytic Activity towards the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Fu Gengtao , Chen Yu , Tang Yawen , She Peiliang , Lu Tianhong 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPt alloy nanostructures show great promise as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cell cathodes. Herein, three‐dimensional (3D) Pt‐Pd‐Co trimetallic network nanostructures (TNNs) with a high degree of alloying are synthesized through a room temperature wet chemical synthetic method by using K2PtCl4/K3Co(CN)6–K2PdCl4/K3Co(CN)6 mixed cyanogels as the reaction precursor in the absence of surfactants and templates. The size, morphology, and surface composition of the Pt‐Pd‐Co TNNs are investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected‐area electron diffraction (SAED), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), EDS mapping, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The 3D backbone structure, solid nature, and trimetallic properties of the mixed cyanogels are responsible for the 3D structure and high degree of alloying of the as‐prepared products. Compared with commercially available Pt black, the Pt‐Pd‐Co TNNs exhibit superior electrocatalytic activity and stability towards the ORR, which is ascribed to their unique 3D structure, low hydroxyl surface coverage and alloy properties.
Gold(I) Complexes of Phosphaalkynes
Authors: Sanguramath Rajashekharayya A. , Townsend Nell S. , Lynam Jason M. , Russell Christopher A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractCationic gold(I) complexes of phosphaalkynes are formed by the interaction of [PtBu2(o‐biphenyl)AuCl] with AgSbF6 and an excess amount of RC≡P in CH2Cl2 at room temperature. Free and coordinated phosphaalkyne readily exchange through an associative mechanism. In the solid state, the phosphaalkyne binds in a π fashion and slips towards the carbon end of the triple bond.
Impact of extent of parotid resection on postoperative wound complications: A prospective study
Authors: Tuckett Joel , Glynn Ronan , Sheahan Patrick 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundSialocele and salivary fistula are common complications after parotidectomy. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether extent of parotidectomy influences the incidence of these complications.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study of 66 consecutive parotidectomies. Cases undergoing skin or bone resection or flap reconstruction were excluded. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on extent of surgery: group 1 (extracapsular dissection or partial superficial parotidectomy); and group 2 (superficial parotidectomy or more extensive resection). The incidence of postoperative sialocele, salivary fistula, and facial weakness was studied.ResultsEleven patients (16.7%) developed a sialocele, and 4 (6.1%) developed a salivary fistula. Group 1 had a significantly higher incidence of wound complications (p = .008), but a significantly lower incidence of facial weakness (p = .004).ConclusionLess extensive parotid resection seems to be associated with a higher incidence of postoperative sialocele and salivary fistula, but is also associated with less postoperative facial nerve dysfunction. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 64–68, 2015
Passive sampling methods for contaminated sediments: Practical guidance for selection, calibration, and implementation
Authors: Ghosh Upal , Kane Driscoll Susan , Burgess Robert M , Jonker Michiel TO , Reible Danny , Gobas Frank , Choi Yongju , Apitz Sabine E , Maruya Keith A , Gala William R , Mortimer Munro , Beegan Chris 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This article provides practical guidance on the use of passive sampling methods (PSMs) that target the freely dissolved concentration (Cfree) for improved exposure assessment of hydrophobic organic chemicals in sediments. Primary considerations for selecting a PSM for a specific application include clear delineation of measurement goals for Cfree, whether laboratory-based “ex situ” and/or field-based “in situ” application is desired, and ultimately which PSM is best-suited to fulfill the measurement objectives. Guidelines for proper calibration and validation of PSMs, including use of provisional values for polymer–water partition coefficients, determination of equilibrium status, and confirmation of nondepletive measurement conditions are defined. A hypothetical example is described to illustrate how the measurement of Cfree afforded by PSMs reduces uncertainty in assessing narcotic toxicity for sediments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The article concludes with a discussion of future research that will improve the quality and robustness of Cfree measurements using PSMs, providing a sound scientific basis to support risk assessment and contaminated sediment management decisions. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2014;10:210–223. © 2014 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Key Points
Specific guidance is provided for the use of passive sampling methods for measuring freely dissolved concentrations in contaminated sediment site assessments. Guidelines are provided for proper calibration and validation of passive sampling methods including use of provisional values for polymer-water partition coefficients. Determination of equilibrium status and confirmation of non-depletive measurement conditions are defined. Further development is needed for the use of non-equilibrium passive sampling methods in the field and the validation of performance reference compound use in static sediment environments.
Polycaprolactone/oligomer compound scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering
Authors: Srinivasa Reddy Chaganti , Reddy Venugopal Jayarama , Ramakrishna Seeram , Zussman Eyal 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPolycaprolactone (PCL), a synthetic biocompatible and biodegradable polymer generally used as a scaffold material for tissue engineering applications. The high stiffness and hydrophobicity of the PCL fiber mesh does not provide significant cell attachment and proliferation in cardiac tissue engineering. Towards this goal, the study focused on a compound of PCL and oligomer hydrogel [Bisphenol A ethoxylated dimethacrylate (BPAEDMA)] processed into electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds. The composition, morphology and mechanical properties of the compound scaffolds, composed of varying ratios of PCL and hydrogel were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and dynamic mechanical analyzer. The elastic modulus of PCL/BPAEDMA nanofibrous scaffolds was shown to be varying the BPAEDMA weight fraction and was decreased by increasing the BPAEDMA weight fraction. Compound fiber meshes containing 75 wt % BPAEDMA oligomer hydrogel exhibited lower modulus (3.55 MPa) and contact angle of 25o. Rabbit cardiac cells cultured for 10 days on these PCL/BPAEDMA compound nanofibrous scaffolds remained viable and expressed cardiac troponin and alpha‐actinin proteins for the normal functioning of myocardium. Cell adhesion and proliferations were significantly increased on compound fiber meshes containing 75 wt % BPAEDMA, when compared with other nanofibrous scaffolds. The results observed that the produced PCL/BPAEDMA compound nanofibrous scaffolds promote cell adhesion, proliferation and normal functioning of cardiac cells to clinically beneficial levels, relevant for cardiac tissue engineering. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 3713–3725, 2014.
Analysis of an electromagnetic tube placement device versus a self‐advancing nasal jejunal device for postpyloric feeding tube placement
Authors: Boyer Nathan , McCarthy Mary S. , Mount Cristin A. 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUNDInitiation of enteral feeding is an important part of the best practice model for critically ill patients. Although nasogastric feeding is appropriate for the majority of patients requiring short‐term nutrition support, certain patients benefit greatly from postpyloric feeding.OBJECTIVETo determine which of 2 specialized enteral tube systems achieved postpyloric placement on initial insertion attempt most efficiently.DESIGNRetrospective study comparing the Tiger 2 tube (T2T) and Cortrak Enteral Access System (C‐EAS).SETTINGAcademic medical center, mixed intensive care unit (ICU).PATIENTSAll patients admitted to the ICU between 2009 and 2013 who had either a C‐EAS or T2T placed.MEASUREMENTSSuccess rate for postpyloric placement, congruency of real‐time tube placement with x‐ray confirmation for C‐EAS, and complication rates.RESULTSSeventy‐one T2T and 74 C‐EAS patients were included. The T2T was postpyloric 62% (44/71) of attempted placements. C‐EAS was postpyloric 43% (32/74) of attempted placements (P = 0.03). C‐EAS tracings accurately reflected chest x‐ray findings 83% and 82% for postpyloric and non‐postpyloric insertion, respectively. During the entire study period, no adverse events were recorded.CONCLUSIONOur institution evaluated 2 different systems designed to ensure postpyloric placement of a small bore feeding tube. No literature exists directly comparing the 2 systems. Our retrospective review, although limited, showed that the T2T was more effective at postpyloric placement on first attempt. Although 1 benefit of the C‐EAS system may be real‐time visualization, our practice showed this system to be user dependent, which likely led to less success with postpyloric placement. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014;9:23–28. Published 2013 Society of Hospital Medicine
Collective Dynamics and Transient Behavior of Partially Hydrophobic Hyaluronic Acid Chains
Authors: Finelli Ivana , Chiessi Ester , Oddo Letizia , Galesso Devis , Renier Davide , Paradossi Gaio 
Published: November 2013

The unique performance of a partially hydrophobic derivative of hyaluronic acid, HYADD4, bearing 2–3 hexadecylic side chains every 100 repeating units, enables hydrogels based on this polymer to be suitably used as a viscosupplement to replace synovial fluid in stressed or injured articular joints. This contribution addresses: i) as to whether there is a self‐assembly process driving the HYADD4 hydrogel stabilization and ii) what the characteristics of the long‐range dynamics governing the macroscopic viscoelastic behavior are, and to what extent these features are different from those present in the parent polymer (i.e., hyaluronic acid). Mesoscale dynamic and static properties are interpreted in the light of “sticky reptation theory” and evaluated in combination with small‐angle neutron scattering results.
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