bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognosis of fall risk in home care clients: A noninvasive approach using survival analysis
Authors: Lillelund Christian Marius , Harbo Michael , Pedersen Christian Fischer 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimThe present study has designed, implemented, and evaluated a machine learning model that can predict fall risk and fall occurrence in community-dwelling elderly based on their home care usage.Subjects and methodsA dataset consisting of 2542 weekly home care records for 1499 citizens (59% female, 41% male) with a mean age of 77 years (SD 10 years) was collected from a large municipality in Denmark. The data were recorded between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021. The dataset was divided into two cohorts. Subsequently, five machine learning-based survival analysis models were trained and evaluated using cross-validation.ResultsThe CoxBoost model showed the best discriminative performance with a mean 0.64 (95% CI 0.57–0.72) Harrell’s concordance index, indicating better ranking than chance-level by 14% on average. However, the model could not accurately predict when the next fall would take place.ConclusionsThe proposed method enables professionals to assess individual fall risk by using home care records from an Electronic Health Record (EHR) system. This facilitates the initiation of targeted fall-prevention programs for those at highest risk. Additionally, it is expected that a risk-based approach can lead to a lower number needed to treat (NNT), indicating greater effectiveness of health interventions.
Pressure drop and bubble velocity in Taylor flow through square microchannel
Authors: Kurimoto Ryo , Hayashi Kosuke , Tomiyama Akio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInterface tracking simulations of gas–liquid Taylor flow in horizontal square microchannels were carried out to understand the relation between the pressure drop in the bubble part and the curvatures at the nose and tail of a bubble. Numerical conditions ranged for 0.00159 ≤ CaT ≤ 0.0989, 0.0817 ≤ WeT ≤ 25.4, and 8.33 ≤ ReT ≤ 791, where CaT, WeT, and ReT are the capillary, Weber, and Reynolds numbers based on the total volumetric flux. The dimensionless pressure drop in the bubble part increased with increasing the capillary number and the Weber number. The curvature at the nose of a bubble increased and that at the tail of a bubble decreased as the capillary number increased. The variation of the curvature at the tail of a bubble was more remarkable than that at the nose of a bubble due to the increase in the Weber number, which was the main cause of large pressure drop in the bubble part at the same capillary number. The relation between the bubble velocity and the total volumetric flux was also discussed. The distribution parameter of the drift-flux model without inertial effects showed a simple relation with the capillary number. A correlation of the distribution parameter, which is expressed in terms of the capillary number and the Weber number, was developed and was confirmed to give good predictions of the bubble velocity.
‘I Can Only Do My Best and Leave the Rest to God”: Religious/Spiritual Coping Strategies of African Nurses in the UK
Authors: Karaba Florence 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch on racism in the workplace has long focused on organizational remedies for this moral problem. Given the acknowledged inadequacies of organizational solutions such as anti-racism training, attention is now turning to how immigrants manage their individual experiences of racism in a western context. Employing an agentic lens, this article describes a qualitative study of 43 African nurses in the UK in which their capacity for withstanding workplace racism is examined. It investigates how participants draw upon a range of religious coping strategies to make sense of and respond to racism. The data indicate that African nurses rely on specific coping strategies at different points in time and across various contexts, adapting their coping approaches to accommodate their personal growth and individual experiences. This underscores the versatility, context-dependency, and temporal aspects of religious coping among immigrants. The study’s findings are particularly interesting given the limited role that religion plays in western organizations.
Biodegradable chitosan hydrogel film incorporated with polyvinyl alcohol, chitooligosaccharides, and gallic acid for potential application in food packaging
Authors: Bhowmik Shuva , Agyei Dominic , Ali Azam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe food and beverage industry worldwide is trying to switch to using environment-friendly and bio-degradable materials in food packaging to avoid environmental concerns of using petroleum-derived plastic (synthetic polymers) materials. In this study, chitosan (CH) hydrogel films were fabricated by using its derivative chitooligosaccharides (COS) as an additive, polyvinyl alcohol as a plasticiser, and bioactive gallic acid as a cross-linker. The physical, mechanical, structural, barrier (e.g., moisture, water vapour permeability (WVP), and UV-barrier property), thermal properties, and biodegradation patterns of fabricated films were investigated. The use of bio–composite in CH films exhibited a synergistic effect. A film with a homogenous/smooth surface and excellent mechanical and thermal properties was obtained. Additionally, incorporating COS and gallic acid reduced the moisture content, WVP, and transparency. Moreover, the films exhibited good colour, strong UV-barrier properties, and good biodegradable capacity in soil. The results suggest that eco-friendly CH hydrogel films have promising potential to be used in food packaging.
Exploring the impact of automated written corrective feedback on the academic writing skills of EFL learners: An activity theory perspective
Authors: Rahimi Masoud , Fathi Jalil , Zou Di 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGrounded in the activity theory, we adopted a sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach to explore the impact of automated written corrective feedback (AWCF) on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ academic writing skills (i.e. task achievement, coherence and cohesion, lexicon, and grammatical range and accuracy). To this end, two intact classes were selected and randomly assigned to an electronic class (30 EFL learners), receiving AWCF electronically, and a non-electronic class (26 EFL learners), receiving written corrective feedback (WCF) non-electronically. Both groups of learners engaged in interactive writing activities guided by the principles of the activity theory, which capitalised on the roles of writing collaboration, social environment, and the mediation of electronic/nonelectronic artefacts to develop the writing skills. The required quantitative and qualitative data were collected via IELTS academic writing Task 1 and Task 2, a stimulated recall technique, and an individual semi-structured interview. The results of one-way ANCOVA indicated that the electronic learners outperformed their non-electronic counterparts in writing performance, task achievement, and grammatical range and accuracy, whilst no significant differences were found between the two groups’ coherence and cohesion and lexicon. The stimulated recall technique, conducted with seven electronic EFL learners, confirmed the electronic learners’ behavioural, cognitive, and affective engagement with the AWCF. The individual semi-structured interview, conducted with the same electronic learners, also indicated the electronic learners’ positive and negative attitudes and perceptions towards the AWCF, further corroborating the findings. Pedagogical implications are discussed within the framework of the activity theory to clarify how instructional procedures and learning environments can be designed to more effectively contribute to EFL learners’ interactive writing activities and, hence, their writing skills development.
Adopting automated bug assignment in practice — a longitudinal case study at Ericsson
Authors: Borg Markus , Jonsson Leif , Engström Emelie , Bartalos Béla , Szabó Attila 
Published: July 2024

Abstract[Context] The continuous inflow of bug reports is a considerable challenge in large development projects. Inspired by contemporary work on mining software repositories, we designed a prototype bug assignment solution based on machine learning in 2011-2016. The prototype evolved into an internal Ericsson product, TRR, in 2017-2018. TRR’s first bug assignment without human intervention happened in April 2019. [Objective] Our study evaluates the adoption of TRR within its industrial context at Ericsson, i.e., we provide lessons learned related to the productization of a research prototype within a company. Moreover, we investigate 1) how TRR performs in the field, 2) what value TRR provides to Ericsson, and 3) how TRR has influenced the ways of working. [Method] We conduct a preregistered industrial case study combining interviews with TRR stakeholders, minutes from sprint planning meetings, and bug-tracking data. The data analysis includes thematic analysis, descriptive statistics, and Bayesian causal analysis. [Results] TRR is now an incorporated part of the bug assignment process. Considering the abstraction levels of the telecommunications stack, high-level modules are more positive while low-level modules experienced some drawbacks. Most importantly, some bug reports directly reach low-level modules without first having passed through fundamental root-cause analysis steps at higher levels. On average, TRR automatically assigns 30% of the incoming bug reports with an accuracy of 75%. Auto-routed TRs are resolved around 21% faster within Ericsson, and TRR has saved highly seasoned engineers many hours of work. Indirect effects of adopting TRR include process improvements, process awareness, increased communication, and higher job satisfaction. [Conclusions] TRR has saved time at Ericsson, but the adoption of automated bug assignment was more intricate compared to similar endeavors reported from other companies. We primarily attribute the difference to the very large size of the organization and the complex products. Key facilitators in the successful adoption include a gradual introduction, product champions, and careful stakeholder analysis.
Testing the past: can we still run tests in past snapshots for Java projects?
Authors: Maes-Bermejo Michel , Gallego Micael , Gortázar Francisco , Robles Gregorio , Gonzalez-Barahona Jesus M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBuilding past snapshots of a software project has shown to be of interest both for researchers and practitioners. However, little attention has been devoted specifically to tests available in those past snapshots, which are fundamental for the maintenance of old versions still in production. The aim of this study is to determine to which extent tests of past snapshots can be executed successfully, which would mean these past snapshots are still testable. Given a software project, we build all its past snapshots from source code, including tests, and then run the tests. When tests do not result in success, we also record the reasons, allowing us to determine factors that make tests fail. We run this method on a total of 86 Java projects. On average, for 52.53% of the project snapshots on which tests can be built, all tests pass. However, on average, 94.14% of tests pass in previous snapshots when we take into account the percentage of tests passing in the snapshots used for building those tests. In real software projects, successfully running tests in past snapshots is not something that we can take for granted: we have found that in a large proportion of the projects we studied this does not happen frequently. We have found that the building from source code is the main limitation when running tests on past snapshots. However, we have found some projects for which tests run successfully in a very large fraction of past snapshots, which allows us to identify good practices. We also provide a framework and metrics to quantify testability (the extent to which we are able to run tests of a snapshot with a success result) of past snapshots from several points of view, which simplifies new analyses on this matter, and could help to measure how any project performs in this respect.
On the Combinatorial Acceptability Entropy Consensus Metric for Multi-Criteria Group Decisions
Authors: Goers Jana , Horton Graham 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn group decisions, achieving consensus is important, because it increases commitment to the result. For cooperative groups, Combinatorial Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis (CMAA) is a group decision framework that can achieve consensus efficiently. It is based on a novel Combinatorial Acceptability Entropy (CAE) consensus metric. As an output measure, the CAE metric is unique in its ability to identify the evaluations that have the greatest impact on consensus and to prevent premature consensus. This paper is intended to complement the original CMAA publication by providing additional insights into the CAE consensus metric. The design requirements for the CAE algorithm are presented, and it is shown how these requirements follow from the properties of cooperative decisions. The CAE-based consensus-building algorithm is contrasted both qualitatively and quantitatively with a representative example of the conventional input distance and input averaging approach to multi-criteria consensus-building. A simulation experiment illustrates the ability of the CAE-based algorithm to converge quickly to the correct decision as defined for cooperative decisions. The metric is able to meet a new, more stringent definition of hard consensus. The CAE approach highlights the need to distinguish between competitive and cooperative group decisions. Attention in the literature has been paid almost exclusively to the former type; the CAE approach demonstrates the greater efficiency and effectiveness that can be achieved with an approach that is designed specifically for the latter.
Viscosity of Hydrogen and Methane Blends: Experimental and Modelling Investigations
Authors: Owuna Friday Junior , Chapoy Antonin , Ahmadi Pezhman , Burgass Rod 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding of thermophysical and transport properties of H2-NG blends are needed for the gradual introduction of hydrogen into the national gas grid. A capillary tube viscometer was used to measure the viscosity of hydrogen + methane blends (with hydrogen mole fraction = 0, 0.1000, 0.1997, 0.5019, and 1) at temperatures from 213 to 324 K and pressures up to 31 MPa. A total 147 experimental viscosity measurements were made for the three H2 + CH4 blends and compared against the predictions of five different viscosity models: a one-reference corresponding states (Pedersen) model, a two-reference corresponding states (CS2) model, an extended corresponding states (ECS) model, a corresponding states model derived from molecular dynamic simulations of Lennard Jones (LJ) fluids, and a residual entropy scaling (SRES) method. All the model predictions showed a relatively low deviation compared to the measured viscosities. The density required for viscosity model predictions were computed using Multi-Fluid Helmholtz Energy Approximation (MFHEA) equations of state (EoS). To check the experimental procedure and applicability of the viscometer equipment, viscosity validation measurements were carried out for propane, hydrogen, and methane. The measured viscosities of the pure components were in good agreement with the respective viscosity models with AARD of 0.24%, 0.25%, and 0.58% for propane, hydrogen, and methane, respectively.
Graphical Abstract
Capillary Viscometry for Routine Measurements of Newtonian Liquids
Authors: Sequeira Maria C. M. , Caetano Fernando J. P. , Fareleira João M. N. A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractViscosity is a thermophysical property of paramount importance, being essential for many scientific and industrial applications. The most common instruments for its measurement are glass capillary viscometers. Therefore, the use of capillary viscometers is widespread both in industry and in research. The range of viscosities of interest range from lower than that of water to several orders of magnitude higher values, the measurement of which requires different capillary viscometers. Most of the practical applications concern routine instruments, mainly for quality control. One main issue for the utilization of capillary viscometers relates to the need for their calibration, assuring its traceability to the water primary viscosity standard, to certify its worldwide validity. The present paper focuses on capillary instruments dedicated to perform viscosity measurements on Newtonian organic liquids at atmospheric pressure, as it is assumed that is the most widespread type of application for these viscometers. Capillary viscometry has a completely well-defined working equation, namely, the Hagen–Poiseuille equation. However, the practical performance of the measuring instruments deviates from that working equation. Most of those deviations are currently considered by many users. However, some of those deviations have not reached that status yet, like those concerning the effects due to the surface tension of the sample on the measurements. All these aspects are summarized and analyzed in the present article, together with a brief general description of the most common types of capillary viscometers, namely, the Ostwald and the constant-level or Ubbelohde instruments.
ChatGPT Unveiled: Understanding Perceptions of Academic Integrity in Higher Education - A Qualitative Approach
Authors: Karkoulian Silva , Sayegh Niveen , Sayegh Nadeen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to gain a complete understanding of how students and faculty in higher education perceive the role of AI tools, their impact on academic integrity, and their potential benefits and threats in the educational milieu, while taking into account ways to help curb its disadvantages. Drawing upon a qualitative approach, this study conducted in-depth interviews with a diverse sample of faculty members and students in higher education, in universities across Lebanon. These interviews were analyzed and coded using NVivo software, allowing for the identification of recurring themes and the extraction of rich qualitative data. The findings of this study illuminated a spectrum of perceptions. While ChatGPT and AI tools are recognized for their potential in enhancing productivity, promoting interactive learning experiences, and providing tailored support, they also raise significant concerns regarding academic integrity. This research underscores the need for higher education institutions to carefully navigate the integration of AI tools like ChatGPT. It calls for the formulation of clear policies and guidelines for their ethical and responsible use, along with comprehensive support and training. This study contributes to the existing literature by presenting a comprehensive exploration of the perceptions of both students and faculty regarding AI tools in higher education, through a qualitative rich approach. By delving into the intricate dynamics of ChatGPT and academic integrity, this study offers fresh insights into the evolving educational landscape and the ongoing dialogue between technology and ethics.
Drones in the Airspace of the Republic of Poland - steps to Safe Flights of UAS Over Poland
Authors: Gugała-Szczerbicka Agnieszka , Fortońska Agnieszka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe emergence of a new user of the airspace of the Republic of Poland, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - drones, as part of regular flights, implies the need not only to provide an appropriate legal framework, but also to rebuild the entire air traffic management ecosystem for the integration of manned and unmanned aviation. The first attempts to include UAS in the integrated air traffic system in the Warsaw FIR were based on the electronic/digital planning, coordination and management of UAS flights called Pansa UTM (Polish Air Navigation Services Agency Unmanned Traffic Management). This system is an innovative solution used by the Polish Air Navigation Services Agency (PANSA) and potential drone users. The operation and development of the Pansa UTM system generates the need for air traffic management entities to take specific actions by planning and establishing regulations, rules, safety criteria and flight conditions for the new airspace user. This requires involvement in projects, pilotages and technology demonstrators aimed at creating adequate tools for the safe implementation of UAS flights in Poland. These activities, both already implemented and at the planning stage, aim to achieve a state in which it will be possible to talk about integrated and safe controlled air traffic over Poland. Due to the dynamic nature of the subject matter, this study is only an attempt to present a number of projects undertaken by a wide range of aviation-related entities that may allow achieving an acceptable level of air traffic management over the territory of the Republic of Poland.
Design of magnetic kappa-carrageenan-collagen bioinks for 3D bioprinting
Authors: Almeida Duarte , Küppers Freya , Gusmão Afonso , Manjua Ana C. , Ferreira Catarina F. R. , Portugal Carla A. M. , Silva João C. , Sanjuan-Alberte Paola , Ferreira Frederico Castelo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBioprinting approaches are of great promise for tissue engineering applications as they allow the fabrication of constructs able to mimic native tissues’ mechanical and topographical features. Additional control over cells fate can be enhanced using stimuli-responsive materials, requiring the development of novel bioinks for this purpose. In this study, bioinks comprising κ-carrageenan, collagen, and magnetic nanoparticles were designed for 3D bioprinting applications. The characterization of this material was performed, where mechanical compressive tests yielded Young’s moduli ranging from 8.25 to 18.4 kPa. Rheological assessments also revealed the shear-thinning behavior of the bioinks and a temperature-dependent gelation. The capability of these bioinks to produce 3D constructs by extrusion bioprinting was established through the printability evaluation and the development of complex structures, supporting the viability and proliferation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Finally, as proof-of-concept, it was observed that the secretome of bioprinted MSCs stimulated with an external magnetic field of 80 mT was able to increase the number of tubes formed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
The Use of Multisensory Environments with Individuals with Developmental Disabilities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Stephenson Jennifer , Carter Mark 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMulti-sensory rooms were originally intended as a leisure option for people with severe disabilities living in institutions. Their use has extended far beyond this and proponents, particularly equipment suppliers, continue to claim a range of benefits beyond provision of a leisure experience. We review the literature on the effects of MSEs on people with developmental disabilities other than autism spectrum disorders. The research examined was predominately of very poor quality, limiting conclusions that can be drawn. MSEs were used in a variety of ways with the wide range of outcomes measured addressing reduction of challenging behaviours and promoting more desirable behaviours. The majority of reported results were mixed or negative, with better quality studies more likely to report no effects. Overall, based on the available evidence, the use of MSEs cannot be recommended as an intervention option for individuals with developmental disabilities, but they may have a limited role as a leisure option.