bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of organic acids and amino acids of a probiotic dietary supplement on metabolism in animals
Authors: Mosyagin Vladimir Vladimirovich , Popov Viktor  Sergeevich , Svazlyan Gayane Agasovna , Naumov Nikolay Mikhailovich 
Published: July 2024

One of the main directions of veterinary medicine is the development and production of probiotic biologically active feed additives using microorganisms of the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. The live bacteria and substances of microbial origin included in feed probiotic supplements have a positive effect on physiological and metabolic functions, as well as biochemical and immune reactions of the host organism. The aim of the research was to study the content of organic acids and amino acids in a probiotic dietary supplement and the theoretical justification of its effect on metabolic processes in animals and the immune system. The research was carried out in the laboratory of veterinary medicine and biotechnology of the Kursk Federal Agrarian Scientific Center. As a result of the experiments, a probiotic biologically active additive based on a consortium of microorganisms B. bifidum strain-1 and L. plantarum 8P-A3 was developed and obtained. It was found out that the largest amount in the additive was lactic and acetic acids. In the body of animals, in aerobic conditions, the reaction of conversion of lactic acid into pyruvic acid and active acetic acid occurs, which are further consumed in various metabolic processes (in the citric acid cycle, in the synthesis of fatty acids, synthesis of cholesterol, steroid hormones, etc.). It is determined that the additive contains amino acids that can be consumed in the body for biosynthesis protein or after deamination, oxidized with the release of energy. Based on the conducted practical and theoretical studies, we have proposed the mechanism of action of a probiotic biologically active feed additive containing live bacteria of the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Thus, it was found out that in a probiotic biologically active supplement, acetic and lactic acids and a number of amino acids have the highest content. These components are able to influence the metabolism in the body, manifested by an increase in the synthesis of ATP, proteins, and other compounds. Bacteriocins secreted by probiotic microorganisms contained in the supplement are able to activate the production of specific cytokines.
Kemampuan Menyusun Teks Cerita Pendek dengan Metode Simulasi Melalui Film Nyai Ahmad Dahlan pada Siswa SD Muhammadiyah 1 Kudus
Authors: Fitriyani Fitriyani , Fathurrahman Irfai 
Published: July 2024

Pengetahuan dalam bersastra yang harus dimiliki oleh siswa adalah kompetensi dalam menyusun teks cerita pendek. Dalam menyusun teks cerita pendek secara lisan diperlukan persiapan dan konsep yang terarah serta memiliki tujuan yang jelas dalam menghasilkan sebuah karya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kemampuan menyusun teks cerita pendek pada siswa. Subyek yang diambil penelitian ini adalah siswa dari SD Muhammadiyah Kudus, sehingga tema yang dipilih yaitu tentang pengenalan perjuangan tokoh emansipasi perempuan Aisyiyah yaitu Nyai Ahmad Dahlan. siswa diajak untuk bisa meneladani perjuangan dan juga bisa menceritakan kembali secara lisan melalui metode simulasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Deskriptif-kuantitatif yaitu pengambilan data siswa melalui pretest dan juga posttest. Penilaian diambil dari sikap spiritual, sikap sosial, pengetahuan dan juga keterampilan. Berdasarkan hasil dari rekap data yang diperoleh, dari aspek spiritual dan aspek sosial memperoleh predikat “sangat baik”, dengan rata kenaikan nilai spiritual setelah diberikan perlakuan yaitu 88,25 dan nilai rata-rata sikap sosial meliputi percaya diri, toleransi, tanggungjawab, santun adalah 94,48. Data nilai pengetahuan siswa sebesar 86,49 dan juga nilai keterampilan 83,45 termasuk dalam kategori “Baik”. Sehingga setelah diberikan perlakuan berupa penayangan film pendek dengan judul Nyai Ahmad Dahlan, maka siswa bisa menyusun kembali cerita pendek secara lisan melalui metode simulasi.
Jogo da Forca: o jogo educativo digital como suporte de ensino/aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa e de desenvolvimento da memória
Authors: Da Silva André Luiz 
Published: July 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa é informar como um jogo educativo digital de Língua Portuguesa, que trabalha a memória, o Jogo da Forca, pode proporcionar a melhoria do ensino/aprendizagem do conteúdo de ortografia, como também sua aplicação para o desenvolvimento da memória de crianças matriculadas no primeiro ano do Ensino Fudamental1. A metodologia utilizada para a produção desta pesquisa é de caráter bibliográfico.Os resultados deste estudo apontam para a afirmativa de que o Jogo da Forca proporciona o ensino/aprendizagem do conteúdo de ortografia da Língua Portuguesa de forma lúdica, exigindo o conhecimento e a memorização de letras, o que possibilita o desenvolvimento do processo cognitivo da memória no educando, pois é justamente tal processo cognitivo o responsável por armazenar a informação sobre como se escreve uma palavra a ser descoberta.
PERBANDINGAN ANTARA BAHASA RONGGA DI MANGGARAI TIMUR DENGAN BAHASA BAJAWA DI NGADA: TINJAUAN LINGUISTIK KOMPARATIF
Authors: Lalong Krispianus , Hartati Umi 
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to describe similarities and differences between Rongga language in East Manggarai with Bajawa language in Ngada terms of vocabulary. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data in this study in the form vocabulary by Rongga language in East Manggarai and Bajawa language in Ngada based of 200 Swadesh Vocabulary plus 100 Prof. H. Kern vocabulary. Therefore, that used data in this research is the vocabulary in Rongga language and Bajawa language it has relation with thats 300 vocabularies. Source of data in this study is the user of the Rongga language in East Manggarai and Bajawa language in Ngada. Data collection methods used in this study can be replicated with te infoman interview about Rongga language vocabulary and Bajawa vocabulary language.Â Results of this study can be a sign that based on the 200 Swadesh vocabulary plus 100 vocabularies by Prof Kern, that was find 277 vocabulary (92,3%) it has realisation by the vocabulary. By the 277 vocabulary, was find 116 vocabulary that same between the Rongga Language and Bajawa Language, and was findÂ that different 55 vocabularyÂ between Rongga language and Bajawa language. Finally, can be find the conclusion that is between Rongga language andÂ Ngada language it has the realisation.
ADVERBIA DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA: TINJAUAN BENTUK DAN PERILAKU SEMANTISNYA
Authors: Nusarini Nusarini 
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was (1) to describe the form of the adverb in Indonesian and (2) describe the semantic behavior. The research data in the form of sentences in which there is an adverb. Source of research data is a daily newspaper published Kedaulatan RakyatÂ September 2014. Methods of providing the data used are the method observation. Data analysis method used is the distributional method with basic techniques for segmenting immediate constituents and advanced substitution technique, permutation technique, and deletion technique. Presentation of the results of the analysis of data using informal methods. The results showed that (1) the adverbs in Indonesian can take the form of single and combined. Single adverb form ofÂ base word,Â affixed word, and Â reduplicated word, whereas the combined form of adverb-adverb and adverbial does not co-exist side by side; (2) In terms of semantic behavior of adverbs are Â qualitative adverbs, quantitative adverbs, limitedly adverbs, frequentative adverbs, temporal adverbs , contrastive adverbs, Â necessity adverbs, and desire adverb.
KETIDAKEFEKTIFAN KALIMAT DALAM RUBRIK â€œOPINIâ€ MAJALAH PENDAPA TAMANSISWA
Authors: Astuti Yulika Dwi , Mukhlish Mukhlish 
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is to describe ineffective sentences on the "Opinion" rubric of Pendapa Tamansiswa magazine. In the detail of purpose, this research is to describe (1) the ineffectiveness of words selection, (2) the ineffectiveness of sentences structure, and (3) the uncertainty of apply spelling words. Kind of this research is descriptive qualitative research. The data of this research is the ineffectiveness sentences in the "Opinion" rubric of Pendapa Tamansiswa magazine. The source data of this research is â€œOpinionâ€ rubric onÂ Pendapa Tamansiswa magazine. In this research the source data from magazines that were published from 2005 until 2015. From eight Pendapa Tamansiswa magazines, there are eleven rubric opinions. The method of providing data is listening. The technique of provision data uses listening technique and note technique. The method to the analysis of data is agih method, while the analysis technique of data use the base technique for direct element., with other techniques like replace technique, expansion technique, return technique, and disappeared technique. The result this research is a description of ineffectiveness sentences in the â€œOpinionâ€ rubric of Pendapa Tamansiswa magazine. From 631 sentences that were analyzed, there are 263 sentences or several 41,68 % that not effective. There are ineffectiveness sentences. (1) The ineffectiveness of words selection as many as 59 sentences or 9,35 %, includes (a) the ineffectiveness of words selection and (b) the incompatibility words selection. (2) the ineffectiveness of sentence structure are 46 sentences or 7,29% includes (a) not the unity of ideas, (b) the blend sentence, (c) the waste of sentence, (d) not synchronous sentences, (e) not logically sentences. (3) Spelling inaccuracy several 132 sentences or 20,92% , includes (a) the improper use of letters, (b) the inaccurate of writing, (c) the imprecise use of punctuation, and (d) the inaccuracy of writing the absorption element. (4) The mixed effectiveness amount of 26 sentences or 4,12% , includes (a) the ineffectiveness of word choices and the ineffectiveness of sentence structure, (b) the ineffectiveness of word choices and inaccuracy of spellingÂ amount, (c) the ineffectiveness of sentences structure and inaccuracy of spelling, and (d) the ineffectiveness of word choices and the ineffectiveness of sentences structure and inaccuracy of spelling.
Effect of Eggshell Ca-Alginate on pH, TSS, and TDS of Peat Water
Authors: Gusti Gusti , Harfinda Elliska Murni , Sari Dahlia Wulan , Sahputra Rachmat , Nuraya Tia 
Published: July 2024

Air gambut memiliki pH rendah, kandungan logam berat yang tinggi, TSS dan TDS yang tinggi sehingga memerlukan pengolahan sebelum digunakan sebagai sumber air untuk budidaya perikanan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh cangkang telur, Ca-alginat, dan Ca-alginat cangkang telur terhadap pH, TSS, serta TDS air gambut. Cangkang telur ayam diketahui mengandung CaCO3 yang bisa digunakan untuk pengolahan air gambut. Namun, penggunaan serbuk cangkang telur memiliki keterbatasan dalam memisahkan adsorben dan adsorbatnya jika digunakan sebagai adsorben. Enkapsulasi cangkang telur menggunakan Ca-alginat dapat mengatasi keterbatasan tersebut. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode adsorpsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan pH air gambut dari 4,3 menjadi 6,5, 6,7, dan 6,6 masing-masing untuk adsorben cangkang telur, Ca-alginat, dan Ca-alginat cangkang telur. TSS pada air gambut juga mengalami peningkatan dari 20,5 mg/L menjadi 39 mg/L, 34,5 mg/L, dan 32 mg/L masing-masing untuk adsorben cangkang telur, Ca-alginat, dan Ca-alginat cangkang telur. Peningkatan juga terjadi pada TDS air gambut dari 36,5 mg/L menjadi 94 mg/L, 45 mg/L, dan 42 mg/L masing-masing untuk adsorben cangkang telur, Ca-alginat, dan Ca-alginat cangkang telur. Penggunaan adsorben Ca-alginat cangkang telur meningkatkan nilai pH, TSS, dan TDS air gambut yang masih sesuai dengan baku mutu air kelas tiga berdasarkan PP RI Nomor 22 Tahun 2021.
Seasonal Variations in Macroinvertebrate Diversity and Community Composition in Kamala River of Churia Range, Nepal
Authors: Tachamo-Shah Ram Devi , Shah Deep Narayan , Pandey Anusha , Maharjan Junu , Doody Tanya M , Cuddy Susan 
Published: July 2024

Macroinvertebrates have long been utilized in the ecological assessment of streams and rivers as they respond to multiple stressors present in aquatic environments. However, the application of macroinvertebrates as bioindicators in the assessment of hydro-morphologically degraded rivers in Nepal is limited. Therefore, we studied the macroinvertebrate diversity and community composition in 10 sites along the Kamala River and its tributaries, one of the hydro-morphologically degraded rivers in the Churia range of central Nepal, during the winter and spring seasons of 2019. The elevation of the sites ranges from 60 m asl to 636 m asl. Twelve water quality parameters and three hydrological parameters were measured for each site in addition to macroinvertebrates data. Water temperature (winter- 19.3 ± 2.2 ⁰ C; spring- 31.3 ± 2.3 ⁰ C), pH (winter- 8.7 ± 0.5, spring- 7.4 ± 0.5), turbidity (winter-3.0 ± 3.8 NTU, spring- 22.9 ± 22.8 NTU), total alkalinity (winter-156 ± 70.7 mg/L, spring- 33.8 ± 6.0 mg/L), phosphate (winter-3.0 ± 1.8 mg/L, spring- 0.4 ± 0.3 mg/L) and river discharge (winter- 2.01 ± 0.75 m3/s, spring- 0.77 ± 0.28 m3/s) differed significantly between seasons (p<0.05). In total 62 taxa representing 42 families and 13 orders for winter season and 69 taxa representing 49 families and 18 orders of macroinvertebrates were recorded for spring season. NMDS revealed two distinct clusters based on macroinvertebrates abundance data for the river. Ephemeroptera, in particular Baetis spp., Torleya coheri and Caenis sp., and Trichoptera- Chuematopsyche spp. were the major taxa contributing to dissimilarity across sites between seasons.
In-situ Assessment of Natural Radioactivity Concentrations and Hazard Indicators in the Mining Area of Lalitpur, Nepal
Authors: Upadhyay Devendra Raj , Adhikari Pramod , Khatri Bal Vikram , Tajudin Suffian Mohamad , Kalakhety Himali , Khanal Raju 
Published: July 2024

Urban construction materials predominantly originate from mining sites, raising concerns about the associated natural radioactivity and its potential health impacts. This work focuses on assessing the distribution of three natural radionuclides and associated radiological indicators in the South Lalitpur mining area in Nepal. A portable gamma spectrometer information system (PGIS-2) was employed for in-situ measurement of natural radionuclide concentrations. The mean activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K were found to be 85.82 ± 40.63 Bq kg−1, 104.87 ± 30.42 Bq kg−1, and 1257.47 ± 304.36 Bq kg−1, respectively. Radiological hazard parameters were computed and compared with global averages, revealing a radium equivalent activity (Raeq) mean of 332.62 ± 63.08 Bq kg−1, slightly below the global average. The average absorbed gamma radiation dose rate in the air was 155.94 ± 29.09 nSv hr-1, over twice the world average. Indoor and outdoor annual effective dose rates, excess lifetime cancer risks, and annual gonadal dose equivalents were slightly higher than world averages. Additional radiological indices were computed, indicating that most estimated parameters exceeded global averages. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to the dataset. The study suggests that in-situ measurements of these radiological parameters in mining areas are essential, as most mean values were above global averages, emphasizing the need for environmental safety and awareness in mining regions.
Pengaruh model pembelajaran Number Head Together terhadap kerjasama siswa
Authors: Eliyana Hastuti , Wijayanto Sukma , Triana Putri Meinita 
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Number Head Together terhadap kerjasama siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Sewukan 1. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Pre-Eksperimen dengan tipe One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Sampel dipilih menggunakan Teknik sampling jenuh. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 20 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket kerjasama siswa. Uji validitas instrument angket dilakukan oleh ahli dan diujikan statistic parametric dengan bantuan program IBM SPSS Statistic 25 sama halnya dengan uji reliabilitas. Uji prasyarat analisis menggunakan uji normalitas. Dengan analisis data menggunakan teknik statistic parametric yaitu uji Paired Sample T-Test dengan bantuan program aplikasi IBM SPSS Stastitic 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perhitungan rata-rata hasil posttest sebanyak 3,03 yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan hasil dari pretest dengan perolehan rata-rata nilai 2,65. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil analisis Paired Sampel T Test yang menunjukkan sebesar 0,000 dengan nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari < 0,05 artinya ada perbedaan yang signifikan atas hasil pretest dan posttest dengan menggunakan model kooperatif tipe Number Head Together. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Number Head Together berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kerjasama siswa.
Konseling Individu Teknik Self Management untuk Mereduksi Kebiasan Merokok Siswa SMP
Authors: Safitri Romadhani Anisa , Hidayati Nur 
Published: July 2024

Remaja adalah masa peralihan dari masa anak-anak ke masa dewasa. Remaja sangat mudah untuk terpengaruh oleh lingkungan pertemanannya. Remaja yang kurang mendapatkan bimbingan dan dukungan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari menjadi berani dan mengambil tindakan menyimpang untuk menarik perhatian. Bergam jenis kenakalan yang mungkin dapat terjadi pada remaja, salah satunya adalah merokok. Untuk mereduksi perilaku siswa merokok terdapat salah satu Teknik layanan bimbingan dan konseling yang dapat diterapkan guru BK kepada siswa, salah satunya adalah dengan melalu konseling teknik self management. Dalam artikel ini, peneliti menggunakan teknik literatur, penulis karya ini secara menyeluruh memeriksa referensi dan teori yang relevan dengan situasi atau masalah yang sebanding dengan yang diteliti. self management merupakan salah satu dari strategi tersebut. self management dipilih sebagai teknik modifikasi perilaku. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan di SMP Negeri 1 Teriak oleh Rulia dkk. dan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Ani Devi dipaparkan bahwa pendekatan self management efektif dalam mereduksi perilaku merokok siswa SMP.
Exploring Causal Relationships Between Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Chen Anqi , Wang Yuquan , Hu Yue-Qing 
Published: July 2024

Background: Many observational studies have investigated the link between the gut microbiota and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the causality remains uncertain. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the causal impact of gut microbiota on AD. Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted employing summary data. Summary statistics for AD were from the latest genome-wide association study (cases and proxy cases: 85,934; controls: 401,577). Summary data for gut microbiota were acquired from MiBioGen consortium. Causal effect estimations primarily relied on the inverse variance weighting method along with the sensitivity analyses for testing for pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Additionally, reverse MR analyses were performed to examine potential reverse causality. Results: Seven gut microbiota were identified as associated with AD risk. Order Selenomonadales (odds ratio [OR] 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.24, p = 0.01), Family Pasteurellaceae (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.13, p = 0.01), and Genus Methanobrevibacter (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.00–1.13, p = 0.04) were correlated with an elevated likelihood of AD, while Class Mollicutes (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.79–0.95, p = 0.00), Genus Ruminiclostridium9 (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.78–0.97, p = 0.01), Genus Clostridiuminnocuumgroup (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89–0.99, p = 0.03), and Genus Eggerthella (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89–1.00, p = 0.04) exerted beneficial impact in mitigating AD. No statistically significant reverse causality was found between AD and each of these seven specific gut microbiota species. Conclusions: This study unveiled a causal link between certain gut microbiota and AD, offering new insights for advancing clinical treatments.
Analysis of the Association Between Pathogen Exposure and the Risk of Dementia
Authors: Fu Jiajia , Wei Qianqian , Chen Xueping , Lai Xiaohui , Shang Huifang 
Published: July 2024

Background: Previous research has suggested that pathogen infections may serve as potential contributors to dementia. Objective: Consequently, the study aimed to evaluate whether pathogen exposure heightens the risk of dementia. Methods: Between 2006 and 2010, a total of 8,144 individuals from the UK Biobank had data on pathogen antibodies and were included in the baseline assessment. Cox proportional hazard models were employed for the analysis. Results: Out of the 8,144 participants, 107 eventually developed dementia, while 55 participants were diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the levels of pathogen antibody titers of EBV and C. trachomatis were associated with an increased risk of dementia/AD. The highest quartile of EBV EBNA-1 and EBV VCA p18, and the second quartile of H. pylori VacA significantly increased the risk of dementia compared lower quartile ( EBV EBNA-1: HR = 1.938, p = 0.018; EBV VCA p18: HR = 1.824, p = 0.040; H. pylori VacA: HR = 1.890, p = 0.033). Besides, the highest quartile of EBV VCA p18 had a higher risk of AD compared lower quartile (HR = 2.755, p = 0.029). Conclusions: The study demonstrated that exposure to EBV, H. pylori, and C. trachomatis substantially elevated the risk of dementia/AD. Despite the relatively widespread occurrence of EBV infection in the population, elevated pathogen antibody titers were still found to increase the risk of dementia/AD. Besides, since C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae are quite homologous, this study found that trachomatis (C. trachomatis/ C. pneumoniae) may be significantly associated with the risk of AD/dementia.