bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinctive stages and strain variations of A. baumannii biofilm development under shear flow
Authors: Feng S.H. , Stojadinovic A. , Izadjoo M. 
Published: May 2014

Objective: To examine and characterise the process of Acinetocbacter baumannii biofilm development under shear flow. Method: Using an automated flow-cell system with microfluidic channels connected to an imaging system, 10 clinical wound isolates of A. baumannii were examined for their ability to form biofilms under shear flow, on the glass surface of the flowthrough device. Flow biofilm development by this organism was observed to comprise four stages: attachment, microcolony formation, maturation with three-dimensional structures, and dispersion. Results: A. baumannii adheres readily to glass surfaces and quickly forms biofilm. Significant variations were observed among these 10 clinical strains in their ability to attach and form flow biofilms. Conclusion: These specific characteristics in biofilm formation may contribute to this organism's ability to disseminate within health-care environments. Declaration of interest: This study was funded by the Combat Wound Initiative Program and Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
A new objective evaluation method for PU cleansing using a rapid bacteria counting system
Authors: Nakagami G. , Yoshida S. , Matsumoto M. , Koyano Y. , Yamamoto Y. , Sugama J. , Sanada H. 
Published: May 2014

Objective: To assess a new rapid bacterial counting device for evaluating wound cleansing effectiveness based on dielectrophoretic impedance measurement. Method: Three patients with pressure ulcers with undermining were recruited, and pressure ulcer severity assessed using the DESIGN-R tool. The number of bacteria was measured using this new apparatus both before and after wound cleansing, performed by wound, ostomy, and continence nurses using a pH-balanced cleanser for periwound skin and with normal saline for the wound bed and undermining area. Results: The results showed that wound cleansing effectively reduced bacterial counts on the periwound skin, wound bed and undermined site, with a median number of bacteria of 3.6×106 CFU/ml before cleansing, which decreased to 1.1×106 CFU/ml after cleansing. Conclusion: This pilot study result suggests the usefulness of this new device for assessing the effectiveness of wound cleansing on reduction of bacterial number. Standardisation of wound cleansing technique may be achieved by hands-on education using this apparatus at bedside. Declaration of interest: This study was partly supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research A from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare
Collagen matrix wound dressings and the treatment of DFUs
Authors: Haycocks S. , Chadwick P. , Cutting K.F. 
Published: May 2014

Objective: To obtain clinical evidence on the use of a collagen wound dressing in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Method: A convenience sample of patients managed in the podiatry outpatient clinic over an 8-month period were included in the evaluation, if their DFUs were not progressing. All participants received traditional adjunctive wound care as part of their treatment. Wound surface-area measurements and imaging of patients was carried out on a regular basis to allow the tracking of wound healing. Results: Six patients, with seven wounds were included in this study. There was an overall decrease in wound surface area over time. Three patients showed a relatively swift reduction in wound area, while one patient showed a slight increase in wound area. The percentage decrease in wound area levelled out quite quickly in three patients, with a mean wound duration of 14 months compared with 7.3 months in the remaining four wounds. One patient died of an unrelated cause. Conclusion: This case series evaluation provides a snapshot of experience at one clinical centre and the treatment of DFUs, and suggests that an active biological collagen dressing may support progression to healing by modulating the wound environment. Declaration of interest: S. Haycocks and P. Chadwick received supplies of ProHeal from MedSkin Solutions Dr Suwelack for use on patients in this evaluation. K.F. Cutting is a consultant to MedSkin Solutions Dr Suwelack and received a honorarium for his participation. MedSkin Solutions Dr Suwelack did not have any editorial control over the production of this manuscript.
Rapid sequence induction on an air ambulance service
Authors: Spencer Neil , Bleetman Anthony , Hopkins Danny 
Published: May 2014

Rapid sequence induction (RSI) is one of the key additional skills that an appropriately-trained doctor can bring to the prehospital environment. Controversy remains over the most appropriate person to perform RSI. Aims To review the scope of RSI activity on one helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) unit and assess paramedic involvement and leadership in delivering prehospital RSI. Methods Prospective review of clinical database for air ambulance service Results Crews performed 72 RSIs over a 13-month period. Paramedics intubated 47 patients (65%). None of the intubations performed by paramedics required any intervention by the doctor. Of the RSIs 55 (76%) were performed on trauma patients and 17 (24%) for patients with medical emergencies; 31 (43%) were carried out in the presence of emergency physicians, 30 (42%) with anaesthetists present and 11 (15%) with a surgical specialist registrar. One doctor (consultant emergency physician) was present at RSIs on two patients at one scene; the paramedic intubated one of the patients. Six adverse events were reported. There were no reported serious technical complications of the RSI procedure such as incorrect tube placement or oxygen desaturation. Conclusions Our experience supports the growing recognition that appropriately-trained non-anaesthetists can perform RSI as safely as anaesthetists in both the hospital and prehospital environments. Our study also suggests that with appropriate training and supervision, paramedics carry no greater risks in RSI than their anaesthetic and non-anaesthetic medical colleagues.
Trauma or medical prehospital cardiac arrest?
Authors: Steggall RIchard 
Published: May 2014

This case study covers an incident when the decision of whether to recognize life extinct (ROLE) at an out-of-hospital asystolic cardiac arrest resuscitation attempt after 5 minutes or to complete the full 20 minutes of resuscitation as recommended by the Joint Royal Colleges Ambulance Liaison Committee guidelines, when the cause of cardiac arrest was undetermined, was required. It was also necessary to weigh up the benefits of when to, or indeed if to, transport the asystolic patient by helicopter to the district general hospital. This incident provided evidence of what could have been a cardiac arrest prior to trauma but also trauma followed by cardiac arrest. Questions posed by this incident included whether the introduction of a 1-month trial period of a doctor on the helicopter assisted the crews in the decision-making process or changed the dynamics of the group and the normal decision-making process.
A journey with mechanical chest compression
Authors: Halliwell David , Box Martyn 
Published: May 2014

This article explains how and why two UK paramedics chose to review, and lead, the UK arm of one of the worlds largest resuscitation research studies. The article begins with an outline of their original work presented in 2002, and their desire to improve upon that study by gaining a greater insight into chest compression practice. This article is the first of 3 papers by the authors into the theories of resuscitation linked to mechanical resuscitation and best practice.
Is there scope for an observational pain scoring tool in paramedic practice?
Authors: Harvey Christopher 
Published: May 2014

In the pre-hospital environment, attending an older person can pose many challenges, including a lack of a detailed history, polypharmacy and co-morbidities, as well as a lack of out-of-hours support to name but a few. These challenges are enhanced further when the patient is cognitively impaired by syndromes such as dementia. There appears to be very little research available into how the pain of older people with dementia is assessed and managed by paramedics. This article highlights a literature review that was carried out to explore the evidence base and possible implementation of the Abbey Pain Scale, with the view of conducting a study in the near future. Particular focus is made on the education and training required to implement the tool, other environments where it has been adopted, as well as benefits and limitations.
Older people with dementia: Eating and drinking healthily
Authors: Stanner Sara 
Published: May 2014

Weight loss is common in older people with dementia, particularly those with Alzheimer's disease, and feeding difficulties are major issues in their care, particularly in the later stages. Sadly dementia is associated with a number of common problems that can seriously impact on eating habits, such as: ▪ Forgetting to eat ▪ Forgetting how to use cutlery ▪ Poor co-ordination and, therefore, difficulties getting food into their mouth, ▪ loss of interest in eating or refuse to eat.
Clinical leadership for general practice nurses, part 1: Perceived needs
Authors: Burns Dianne 
Published: May 2014

As UK primary care undergoes rapid change, general practice nurses face great challenges in providing quality care in a cost-contained environment. These challenges require the application of clinical leadership. Aim: To describe the concept of clinical leadership from a general practice nurse's perspective and determine nurses' clinical leadership needs. Methods: A small qualitative study (n=12) adopting a phenomenological approach and using one-to-one, in-depth interviews. Findings (to be presented in three articles). Part 1: The perceived skills and attributes of clinical leaders were similar to those identified in previous studies with the exception of ‘political astuteness’ and ‘strategic influencing’. In parts 2 and 3, the factors influencing the development of leadership skills and the leadership mechanisms used by practice nurses will be explored.
An introduction to handling aggressive patients
Authors: Yelland Tania , Whelan Fiona 
Published: May 2014

Aggressive behaviour in animals can have serious consequences, with a number of people hospitalized by dogs each year. Many animals in the veterinary clinic feel fear and this can trigger aggressive behaviour, which is often aimed at veterinary professionals. It is useful to be able to read the signals given out by animals to identify whether aggression is likely, however, it should be remembered that animals can switch states very quickly, so that an animal appearing relaxed one minute may be aggressive the next. Learning useful handling techniques can help in the safe management of animals in practice. In addition, long-term plans can be put in place to help animals with a history of aggressive behaviour. Restraint should be kept to a minimum, however, it is essential that both patients, owners and staff are kept safe and secure at all times.
Hip dysplasia in dogs: control and prevention
Authors: Rodrigues D , Ortiz V , Vala H , Santos C , Oliveira AL 
Published: May 2014

Hip dysplasia (HD) is an orthopaedic pathology with high prevalence in dogs, especially in large and giant breeds. It has a polygenic origin and is influenced by several factors such as age, sex, nutrition, metabolism, physical activity and hormones. Animals affected with this disease are born with normal joints but as they develop, joint changes appear. These changes may be expressed by lameness, gait abnormalities, hip instability and pain in full extension of the joint. To reduce the HD prevalence, selective breeding programmes have been implemented in which only animals free of disease or with minimal articular changes can reproduce. As these programmes do not always have the desired success, early radiographs should be performed in susceptible animals, in order to slow the progression of changes. The aim of this review is to summarize canine HD control and prevention aspects, with reference to the factors that predispose to disease, and the various treatment options. The role played by the veterinary nurse in advising the HD dog owners on disease management and also on how to avoid the risk factors in order to reduce the number of affected animals, is also discussed.
How to care for and maintain flexible endoscopes
Authors: McMahon Leigh 
Published: May 2014

Endoscopy is used frequently as a diagnostic tool in veterinary medicine. It is imperative that endoscopes are maintained correctly to prevent spread of infection/disease to patients, and to prevent costly repairs to these delicate pieces of equipment. The role of endoscope maintenance generally falls onto the veterinary nurse/technician. The correct maintenance of this equipment is essential to ensure that health and safety requirements are adhered to and to prevent damage occurring to the equipment. Maintenance involves adequate cleaning, bedside procedure, disinfectant, handling, storage, preventative maintenance and servicing/repairs.
Peri-operative hypothermia and the preventative role of forced air warming devices
Authors: Henderson Tracy 
Published: May 2014

Peri-operative hypothermia is an important condition for veterinary professionals to understand and avoid. There are numerous measures that can be taken to avoid peri-operative hypothermia. The use of forced air warming (FAW) is a common and effective method used in veterinary practice. This report focuses on the indications, efficacy and risks of FAW in the prevention of hypothermia, by examining studies that have been carried out within the medical and veterinary fields. It shows that FAW warming is effective in preventing hypothermia, and that it is beneficial to combine FAW with other methods of insulation. While there is an associated risk these are rarely reported and easily avoided.
Do clients know enough to protect their pets and themselves from tick-borne diseases?
Authors: Cartlidge Helen 
Published: May 2014

Background: In the past risks from ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) have been limited to particular times of the year and particular areas of the UK. However, in recent years the abundance and distribution of ticks in the UK has increased and ticks have been found to be active for prolonged periods. This has led to an increased risk from ticks and native TBDs. Additionally since the introduction of the Pet Travel Scheme (PETS) in 2000 the risks from exotic ticks and exotic TBDs have increased. Client and staff knowledge is therefore essential to minimize the impact of these increased risks. Aim: To investigate client and staff knowledge of ticks and related issues in different areas of the UK. Materials and methods: Client and staff questionnaires were produced to test their knowledge of ticks and related issues via multiple-choice quiz type questions. They were distributed to five practices in a zoonotic high-risk area and five in a zoonotic low-risk area, determined according to the prevalence of borreliosis (Lyme disease). Once completed, client and staff questionnaires were marked and given a knowledge score with one mark for every correct answer selected. Results: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that clients and staff in zoonotic high-risk areas had significantly (p<0.001 and p=0.006 respectively) better knowledge compared with those in zoonotic low-risk areas. No significant difference was found in the knowledge of clients who were members of PETS and those who were not. Conclusions: Risks posed by ticks and TBDs are no longer confined to high-risk areas. Tick populations are growing and expanding, people travel within the UK as well as abroad with their pets, and due to PETS the risk of exposure to exotic diseases both abroad and within the UK is increasing (especially in view of changes to the scheme in January 2012). All clients whether residing in high or low-risk areas need to be made aware of ticks, the potential for tick-borne diseases and how to protect their pets from such diseases.
Factors associated with steam sterilisation failure
Authors: Kerrigan Lynne 
Published: May 2014

The continued prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacterial infections has raised awareness and standards of hygiene within veterinary practices. As the range and complexity of surgical procedures carried out within veterinary practice increases, so does the awareness and expectations of clients. Infection control measures, such as the appointment of a designated infection control officer, and protocols, such as the World Health Organisation (WHO) 6-step hand hygiene method, have done much to raise standards, and are now routine practice throughout many veterinary surgeries. But has the same level of consideration been given to surgical supplies? Can we be sure that as long as the chemical indicator has initiated the expected colour change, the contents of a pack is sterile? Human errors are frequently associated with sterilisation failure. This article aims to discuss some such errors and the ways in which they may be prevented.
Percutaneous transvenous coil embolisation as treatment for intrahepatic portosystemic shunts
Authors: Mann Alison 
Published: May 2014

Intrahepatic portosystemic shunts often occur due to failure of the ductus venous to close after birth. Surgical treatment of this anomaly historically involved acute closure of the vessel by ligation which would lead to a high morbidity rate due to the risk of portal hypertension. Percutaneous transvenous coil embolisation (PTCE) is a method of gradual occlusion of the shunting vessel thus aiming to avoid acute rises in portal venous pressure. This article will discuss the use of this procedure compared with other methods as well as pre, peri and post-operative care of patents who have received PTCE.
Inhibition of ERN1 modifies the hypoxic regulation of the expression of TP53-related genes in U87 glioma cells
Authors: Minchenko Dmytro O. , Danilovskyi Serhii V. , Kryvdiuk Iryna V. , Bakalets Taia V. , Lypova Nadia M. , Karbovskyi Leonid L. , Minchenko Oleksandr H. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractInhibition of ERN1 (endoplasmic reticulum to nuclei 1), the major signalling pathway of endoplasmic reticulum stress, significantly decreases tumor growth. We have studied the expression of tumor protein 53 (TP53)- related genes such as TOPORS (topoisomerase I binding, arginine/serine-rich, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase), TP53BP1 (TP53 binding protein 1), TP53BP2, SESN1 (sestrin 1), NME6 (non-metastatic cells 6), and ZMAT3 (zinc finger, Matrin-type 3) in glioma cells expressing dominantnegative ERN1 under baseline and hypoxic conditions. We demonstrated that inhibition of ERN1 function in U87 glioma cells resulted in increased expression of RYBP, TP53BP2, and SESN1 genes, but decreased expression of TP53BP1, TOPORS, NME6, and ZMAT3 genes. Moreover, inhibition of ERN1 affected hypoxia-mediated changes in expression of TP53-related genes and their magnitude. Indeed, hypoxia has no effect on expression of TP53BP1 and SESN1 in control cells, while resulted in increased expression of these genes in cells with inhibited ERN1 function. Magnitude of hypoxia-mediated changes in expression levels of RYBP and TP53BP2 was gene specific and more robust in the case of TP53BP2. Hypoxiamediated decrease in expression levels of TOPORS was more prominent if ERN1 was inhibited. Present study demonstrates that fine-tuning of the expression of TP53- associated genes depends upon endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling under normal and hypoxic conditions. Inhibition of ERN1 branch of endoplasmic reticulum stress response correlates with deregulation of p53 signaling and slower tumor growth.
Reaching Hard-to-Survey Populations: Mode Choice and Mode Preference
Authors: Haan Marieke , Ongena Yfke P. , Aarts Kees 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This study assesses the effect of response-mode choices on response rates, and responsemode preferences of hard-to-survey populations: young adults, full-time workers, big city inhabitants, and non-Western immigrants. Using address-based sampling, a stratified sample of 3,496 households was selected. The first group of sample members was contacted face to face and could choose between a CAPI and web response mode. The second group, contacted by telephone, could choose between CATI and web. The third group, contacted by telephone, was randomly allocated to a response mode. Our address-based sampling technique was successful in reaching most of the hard-to-survey groups. Insufficient numbers of non- Western immigrants were reached; therefore this group was excluded from our analyses. In our mixed-effect models, no significant effects on the willingness to participate were found for mode choice. We found that full-time workers and young adults were significantly more likely to choose web over CAPI when contacted face to face.
L’action locale à l’ère de la « glocalisation »
Authors: Gaudreau Louis 
Published: May 2014

Cet article présente une réflexion sur l’essor du développement territorial intégré dans le champ de l’organisation communautaire. Il souligne les limites de cette pratique qui tiennent à sa conception réductrice du territoire se résumant à en faire le seul produit de l’interaction entre ses principaux groupes d’intérêt. La critique s’inspire de la tradition inaugurée par Henri Lefebvre dans le champ des études spatiales pour montrer que l’évolution d’un territoire est indissociable de celle que connaît la société dans son ensemble et donc, aujourd’hui, du développement du capitalisme sous sa forme néolibérale. Elle montre que l’émergence du développement territorial intégré participe, à certains égards, d’un processus de réarticulation entre le global et le local qui joue un rôle central dans la mise en place du projet néolibéral et qui limite l’organisation communautaire dans ses aspirations démocratiques au changement social. L’article se conclut par la brève présentation de deux principes alternatifs dont cette pratique pourrait s’inspirer.
Réseaux sociaux au travail, confiance interpersonnelle et comportement de partage des connaissances
Authors: Mansour Nizar , Saidani Chiraz , Saihi Malek , Laaroussi Samia 
Published: May 2014

Dans cet article, nous tentons de démontrer que la confiance interpersonnelle joue un rôle de médiation entre les réseaux sociaux et le comportement de partage des connaissances dans les entreprises tunisiennes de haute technologie. Même si l’impact direct des réseaux sociaux sur le partage des connaissances a été traité par les recherches antérieures, nous pensons qu’une telle relation gagnerait à intégrer le rôle de la confiance interpersonnelle comme mécanisme intermédiaire. En conformité avec McAllister (1995), nous nous proposons d’étudier deux formes de confiance interpersonnelle : la confiance cognitive (basée sur les compétences) et la confiance affective (basée sur les échanges socio-émotionnels). Un modèle structurel a permis de tester les hypothèses de recherche. Les résultats de l’enquête soutiennent partiellement nos conjectures théoriques. Ils montrent que seule la qualité des interactions dans un réseau social influence positivement et significativement les deux formes de confiance. Sur un autre plan, seule la confiance affective aurait une influence sur le comportement de partage des connaissances. Enfin, les résultats stipulent que la confiance affective médiatise l’effet de la qualité d’interaction sur le comportement de partage des connaissances. Une discussion est engagée sur la base de ces résultats et les implications de la recherche, sur le plan théorique et managérial, sont présentées.