bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bitter melon extract attenuating hepatic steatosis may be mediated by FGF21 and AMPK/Sirt1 signaling in mice
Authors: Yu Yongmei , Zhang Xian H. , Ebersole Blake , Ribnicky David , Wang Zhong Q. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe sought to evaluate the effects of Momordica charantia (bitter melon, BM) extract on insulin sensitivity, NAFLD, hepatic FGF21 and AMPK signaling in mice fed a high-fat diet. Male C57/B6 mice were randomly divided into HFD and HFD supplementation with BM for 12 week. Body weight, plasma glucose, FGF21 and insulin levels, hepatic FGF21 and AMPK signaling proteins were measured. The results showed that plasma FGF21 and insulin concentrations were significantly decreased and hepatic FGF21 content was significantly down-regulated, while FGF receptors 1, 3 and 4 (FGFR1, FGFR3 and FGFR4) were greatly up-regulated in BM group compared to the HFD group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). BM also significantly increased hepatic AMPK p, AMPK α1 AMPK α2 and Sirt1 content compared to the HFD mice. We, for the first time, demonstrated that BM extract attenuated hepatic steatosis in mice by enhancing hepatic FGF21 and AMPK/Sirt1 signaling.
Derivation of neural stem cells from an animal model of psychiatric disease
Authors: de Koning A , Walton N M , Shin R , Chen Q , Miyake S , Tajinda K , Gross A K , Kogan J H , Heusner C L , Tamura K , Matsumoto M 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSeveral psychiatric and neurological diseases are associated with altered hippocampal neurogenesis, suggesting differing neural stem cell (NSC) function may play a critical role in these diseases. To investigate the role of resident NSCs in a murine model of psychiatric disease, we sought to isolate and characterize NSCs from alpha-calcium-/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II heterozygous knockout (CaMK2α-hKO) mice, a model of schizophrenia/bipolar disorder. These mice display altered neurogenesis, impaired neuronal development and are part of a larger family possessing phenotypic and behavioral correlates of schizophrenia/bipolar disorder and a shared pathology referred to as the immature dentate gyrus (iDG). The extent to which NSCs contribute to iDG pathophysiology remains unclear. To address this, we established heterogeneous cultures of NSCs isolated from the hippocampal neuropoietic niche. When induced to differentiate, CaMK2α-hKO-derived NSCs recapitulate organotypic hippocampal neurogenesis, but generate larger numbers of immature neurons than wild-type (WT) littermates. Furthermore, mutant neurons fail to assume mature phenotypes (including morphology and MAP2/calbindin expression) at the same rate observed in WT counterparts. The increased production of immature neurons which fail to mature indicates that this reductionist model retains key animal- and iDG-specific maturational deficits observed in animal models and human patients. This is doubly significant, as these stem cells lack several developmental inputs present in vivo. Interestingly, NSCs were isolated from animals prior to the emergence of overt iDG pathophysiology, suggesting mutant NSCs may possess lasting intrinsic alterations and that altered NSC function may contribute to iDG pathophysiology in adult animals.
Lamins regulate cell trafficking and lineage maturation of adult human hematopoietic cells
Authors: Shin Jae-Won , Spinler Kyle R. , Swift Joe , Chasis Joel A. , Mohandas Narla , Discher Dennis E. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Comparing human blood cell types, nuclear diversity is visually striking but unexplained: quasi-spherical nuclei in stem/progenitor cells and T cells contrast with multilobed nuclei in neutrophils, giant nuclei in megakaryocytes, and anuclear erythrocytes. We hypothesized broad roles for the major nuclear structure proteins—lamins—and developed mass spectrometry-calibrated intracellular flow cytometry to quantify lamin-A:B ratios. This ratio controls both nuclear viscoelasticity and cell trafficking across microporous barriers. High A:B rigidifies erythroblast nuclei to favor marrow retention and also enhances erythropoiesis. Intermediate A:B enhances thrombopoiesis and opposes cell division to favor marrow anchorage of megakaryocytes. Human stem/progenitor cells have moderate lamin levels and reside in marrow whereas white cells are favored by low lamins and predominantly circulate.
A role for cortical nNOS/NK1 neurons in coupling homeostatic sleep drive to EEG slow wave activity
Authors: Morairty Stephen R. , Dittrich Lars , Pasumarthi Ravi K. , Valladao Daniel , Heiss Jaime E. , Gerashchenko Dmitry , Kilduff Thomas S. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Sleep is a homeostatically regulated process. Slow wave sleep is characterized by slow waves detectable from the cerebral cortex by EEG. When homeostatic sleep “drive” is manipulated by varying durations of sleep deprivation, the intensity of EEG slow waves proportionally increases. The neural circuitry underlying this homeostatic response is little understood. In this study we describe a systematic relationship between homeostatic sleep drive and activation of cortical neurons that express neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). We also find that transgenic mice lacking nNOS have a greatly diminished response to sleep deprivation. We conclude that cortical nNOS neurons and nNOS enzymatic activity are likely involved in the homeostatic regulation of slow wave sleep.
Subnuclear relocalization and silencing of a chromosomal region by an ectopic ribosomal DNA repeat
Authors: Jakočiūnas Tadas , Domange Jordö Marie , Aït Mebarek Mazhoura , Bünner Camilla Marie , Verhein-Hansen Janne , Oddershede Lene B. , Thon Geneviève 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Current models propose that in eukaryotes the expression of a gene and its ability to recombine depend on whether regulatory factors or enzymes are present in the same subnuclear compartment as the gene. Nucleoprotein complexes might thereby modulate expression or recombination by conditionally tethering the regions they control to subnuclear compartments. Our research examines this type of spatial effect in fission yeast, showing how an ectopic ribosomal DNA repeat silences the chromosomal region in which it is integrated by relocalizing it to the perinucleolar space. Silencing of the relocalized region proceeds through heterochromatin formation and a redundant mechanism, plausibly antisense transcription. These observations establish fission yeast as a model system to investigate perinucleolar silencing, an evolutionarily conserved but poorly understood phenomenon.
MCPIP1 restricts HIV infection and is rapidly degraded in activated CD4+ T cells
Authors: Liu Shufeng , Qiu Chao , Miao Ruidong , Zhou Jianhua , Lee Aram , Liu Baoming , Lester Sandra N. , Fu Weihui , Zhu Lingyan , Zhang Linxia , Xu Jianqing , Fan Daping , Li Kui , Fu Mingui , Wang Tianyi 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Here, we present data showing that monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) acts as an RNase to limit HIV-1 production in resting CD4+ T cells. Unlike those previously identified factors with restrictions that tend to be overcome by virally encoded proteins, MCPIP1 becomes rapidly degraded on activation of human CD4+ T cells. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms of cellular activation-mediated HIV-1 production in CD4+ T cells and represent a breakthrough in the relevant field.
Improved tumor oxygenation and survival in glioblastoma patients who show increased blood perfusion after cediranib and chemoradiation
Authors: Batchelor Tracy T. , Gerstner Elizabeth R. , Emblem Kyrre E. , Duda Dan G. , Kalpathy-Cramer Jayashree , Snuderl Matija , Ancukiewicz Marek , Polaskova Pavlina , Pinho Marco C. , Jennings Dominique , Plotkin Scott R. , Chi Andrew S. , Eichler April F. , Dietrich Jorg , Hochberg Fred H. , Lu-Emerson Christine , Iafrate A. John , Ivy S. Percy , Rosen Bruce R. , Loeffler Jay S. , Wen Patrick Y. , Sorensen A. Greg , Jain Rakesh K. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
This study demonstrates that antiangiogenic therapy increases tumor blood perfusion in a subset of newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients, and that it is these patients who survive longer when this expensive and potentially toxic therapy is combined with standard radiation and chemotherapy. This study provides fresh insights into the selection of glioblastoma patients most likely to benefit from antiangiogenic treatments.
Application of user-guided automated cytometric data analysis to large-scale immunoprofiling of invariant natural killer T cells
Authors: Hu Xinli , Kim Hyun , Brennan Patrick J. , Han Buhm , Baecher-Allan Clare M. , De Jager Philip L. , Brenner Michael B. , Raychaudhuri Soumya 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Multimarker cytometry technologies, including cytometry by time of flight, are rapidly advancing and will soon produce large sets of rich immunoprofiling data. Here, we introduce X-Cyt, an automated cytometric data analysis tool for large-scale studies. Unlike existing software intended for exploratory analysis, it specializes in identifying populations of interest in large sample numbers. X-Cyt incorporates user guidance to allow customizable and targeted analysis, as well as template-guided partitioning to enable rapid batch processing. In this study, we demonstrate its performance in three data sets. With its versatility, reproducibility, and speed of analysis, as well as user-customized flexible analytical scheme, X-Cyt will certainly become a valuable tool for future cytometry-based profiling studies.
Regulation of OSR1 and the sodium, potassium, two chloride cotransporter by convergent signals
Authors: Sengupta Samarpita , Lorente-Rodríguez Andrés , Earnest Svetlana , Stippec Steve , Guo Xiaofeng , Trudgian David C. , Mirzaei Hamid , Cobb Melanie H. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
With no lysine [K] (WNK) protein kinases are sensitive to changes in osmotic stress. Through the downstream protein kinases oxidative stress-responsive 1 (OSR1) and STE20/SPS1-related proline-, alanine-rich kinase, WNKs regulate a family of ion cotransporters and thereby modulate a range of processes including cell volume homeostasis, blood pressure, hearing, and kidney function. We found that a major phosphoinositide 3-kinase target pathway, the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2, also phosphorylates OSR1, coordinating with WNK1 to enhance OSR1 and ion cotransporter function.
Assembly factors for the membrane arm of human complex I
Authors: Andrews Byron , Carroll Joe , Ding Shujing , Fearnley Ian M. , Walker John E. 
Published: November 2013

Significance
Mammalian complex I, the largest and most complicated enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, is an L-shaped assembly of 44 proteins with one arm in the mitochondrial matrix and the orthogonal arm buried in the inner membrane. It is put together from preassembled modules. This investigation concerns the little studied process of the assembly of the membrane arm module from proteins emanating from both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. We have identified two membrane protein assembly factors C3orf1 and TMEM126B, not found in the mature complex, that help this process by putting together two membrane arm subcomplexes. Defects in the assembly of complex I are increasingly being associated with human pathologies.
Optimal capital structure: case of SOE versus private listed corporation
Authors: Zhengwei Wang 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine whether corporate ownership affects corporate capital structure. This study also seeks to find out whether there is difference in dynamics of the capital structure between these two groups of firms.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on panel data of China's listed firms from 1998 to 2007, this paper employs a static empirical model to validate the difference in capital structure between these two groups of firms, and then, a dynamic empirical model is used to explore the dynamic adjustment of the capital structure.

Findings
– The empirical results show that there is structural difference in static capital structure between state-owned and private listed firms. Further study results tell us that the adjustment to an optimal capital structure is to be faster for the private firm than for the state-owned firm.

Practical implications
– The findings suggest that compared with state-owned firms, private firms face higher financial friction in financing activities, but have more incentive to adjust toward optimal capital structure to maximize the shareholders' benefit. This study offers insights to corporate managers interested in privatization, when a state-owned firm is privatized, that firm becomes subject to the disciplining forces of the market and more active to pursue maximum market value of the firm, thus the adjustment to an optimal capital structure to be faster for private firm than for state-owned firm.

Originality/value
– This paper for the first time looks at the influence of ownership on capital structure, from both static and dynamic perspective. And this study is helpful for regulators, and corporate managers to understand the corporate financial management behavior.
A narrative approach to delivering bad news in organizations: effective or not?
Authors: Carriger Michael 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present empirical evidence for the use of narrative to deliver bad news within an organization, specifically bad news about layoffs. The attempt is to extend previous empirical work, using narrative by senior leadership to convey corporate strategy, to a different leadership challenge and further explicate a model for understanding the effectiveness of narrative as a leadership communication tool.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper presents further original research on the effectiveness of narrative as a leadership tool. And theoretical implications for leaders seeking effective communication tools are explored.

Findings
– Data presented to substantiate that narrative use, as opposed to a PowerPoint style, bulleted list approach, for delivering bad news, an impending layoff, is not effective at producing a clear understanding of the reasons for the layoff, confidence in subjects understanding of these reasons, or the belief in the honesty and integrity of the leader delivering this narrative. However, narrative presentation of an impending layoff is more effective at limiting the negative behavior impact of the message, by decreasing the subjects’ reported likelihood that they would be seeking another job and increasing the subjects’ reported likelihood that they believe the company can be righted after the layoff.

Originality/value
– Compared to the limited previous research on the effectiveness of narrative as opposed to a traditional PowerPoint style, bulleted list, as a leadership communication tool, the present research indicates that narrative use may be more nuanced and complicated than previously thought. Implications for the practical use of narrative and PowerPoint style, bulleted lists of information as leadership communications tools are considered.
Developing a measure of competitive advantage
Authors: Sigalas Christos , Pekka Economou Victoria , B. Georgopoulos Nikolaos 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to attempt to develop a measure of competitive advantage by identifying a stipulative definition, composing an operational definition and constructing a measurement variable.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper undertakes critical literature review, cognitive interviews as well as a pilot and full study, which were carried out by applying a cross-sectional, self-administered e-mail survey with questionnaire in a fillable text-processing file, in order to develop a valid and reliable measure of competitive advantage.

Findings
– The results have led to the identification of a conceptually robust stipulative definition, the composition of a comprehensive operational definition and the construction of a qualified variable, making the development of a valid and reliable measure of competitive advantage possible.

Research limitations/implications
– The newly developed measure of competitive advantage, exempt from past conceptual problems, could be used for valid measurements in future empirical studies in the field of strategic management. At the same time, authors encourage future tests of the newly developed measure's reliability and validity.

Practical implications
– The provision of a conceptually clear stipulating definition and a comprehensive operational definition for competitive advantage could increase practicing managers’ awareness relating to the conceptual nature as well as the latent expressions of competitive advantage.

Originality/value
– The findings contribute to the evolution of the strategic management field by providing a valid and reliable measure of competitive advantage that is applicable under any leading theoretical perspective in strategic management and it could better serve the needs of both empirical research and management practice.
Bibliometric analysis of Library Review from 2007 to 2011
Authors: Swain Chandrakanta , K. Swain Dillip , Rautaray Bijayalaxmi 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– This paper aims to examine the scholarly communications in Library Review (LR) from 2007 to 2011 and to reveal key aspects of its publication trends.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study analyses five volumes of LR from the year 2007 to 2011 and employs the required bibliometric measures to analyze specific aspects of publishing trends of LR for the stated period.

Findings
– The study finds that single authored articles occupy the prominent position indicating the supremacy of solo research in LR. The degree of collaboration in the publications of this journal is found to be 0.36. It is evident that LR has accommodated over 22 citations per article during the publication phase from 2007 to 2011. In regard to country productivity, the UK leads the table, followed by the USA and Nigeria. However, Poland occupies the bottom position in the ranking. Hence, it is evident that the major chunks of contributions reflected in the publications of LR during the stated period are emanated from the UK and the USA.

Research limitations/implications
– The study focuses on the publication patterns of LR over a period of five years. Patterns of research output in 275 publications are analyzed. Further studies can include a comparative study of LR with that of a contemporary journal in the field of library and information science (LIS).

Practical implications
– Teachers and research scholars of LIS can benefit from insights into the scholarly contributions of LR that has accommodated 312 authors representing 49 countries.

Originality/value
– The study yields some interesting findings of academic publishing in LR. It can help the readers of LR to understand the most striking contributions, highly cited journals, the most prolific authors, country productivity, and assorted parameters.
How negative online information affects consumers' brand evaluation
Authors: Chiou Jyh-Shen , Chi-Fen Hsu Arlene , Hsieh Chia-Hung 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The goal of this study is to investigate the relationships among brand attachment, online source credibility, and severity of negative online information on perceived negative change in brand evaluation and perceived brand risk.

Design/methodology/approach
– A 2×2×2 experiment was conducted to explore the effects of brand attachment (low or high), online source credibility (low or high), and online information severity (low or high) on perceived negative change in brand evaluation and perceived brand risk.

Findings
– The results showed that the severity of negative online information affects perceived negative change in brand evaluation and perceived brand risk significantly. However brand attachment can reduce the effects of negative online information on perceived negative change in brand evaluation and perceived brand risk significantly. The results also showed that the effect of the severity of negative online information on perceived negative change in brand evaluation and perceived brand risk is moderated by online source credibility.

Originality/value
– In addition to the main effects in the proposed research model, it is the first study to explore the moderating effects of brand attachment and online source credibility on the relationship between negative online information and perceived negative change in brand evaluation and perceived brand risk.
Information self-efficacy and information channels
Authors: Zha Xianjin , Li Jing , Yan Yalan 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of both information self-efficacy and information acquisition with regard to information channels on decision quality and also on satisfaction, which provides a new angle for online shopping satisfaction research and practice alike.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study develops a research model drawing upon customer satisfaction theory, information and decision making theory and self-efficacy theory and tests it using a questionnaire and partial least squares structural equation modelling.

Findings
– Data collected from 331 Chinese online shopping customers were used to test the model. It was found that self-efficacy in getting information (SEGI) strongly affects perceived decision quality (PDQ) and also satisfaction with online shopping. Meanwhile SEGI negatively moderates the impact of web advertising usage for getting information on PDQ and overrides the effect of consumer review usage for getting information on PDQ.

Originality/value
– The current research usefully contributes to the theoretical development of the structural model exploring the effects of information self-efficacy and information behaviour on decision quality and satisfaction with online shopping in the specific context of China and beyond more generally.
Problem framing in problem solving: a case study
Authors: C. Payne Troy , Gallagher Kathleen , E. Eck John , Frank James 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine how initial frameworks for understanding police problems influence how police analyze and address those problems in the context of problem-oriented policing. The paper shows why researchers, and police, should pay more attention to problem theories.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data for this case study were obtained from the Middletown, Ohio Police Department, the Middletown housing authority, and the Butler County auditor. Frequency tables and simple graphs were used to identify patterns in the calls for service. Discussions with police officials were used to describe how police originally conceptualized the problem described.

Findings
– The paper found that initial problem framing has a significant impact on the available interventions and that problem solvers should be vigilant against errors of problem identification.

Research limitations/implications
– Caution must be taken when generalizing from a single case study. Nevertheless, more attention needs to be placed on problem identification and framing in the problem-solving process.

Practical implications
– Police problem solvers should be vigilant against errors in problem identification, particularly when the original problem identification is broad or when interventions based on the original problem frame do not produce the desired effect.

Originality/value
– There are few studies that specifically examine the problem identification and definition process. This paper adds to the literature on problem-oriented policing by examining the critical yet understudied process of problem framing. It also adds to our knowledge of place-specific analysis.