bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information Gains in Cosmological Parameter Estimation
Authors: Seehars Sebastian , Amara Adam , Refregier Alexandre , Paranjape Aseem , Akeret Joël 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCombining datasets from different experiments and probes to constrain cosmological models is an important challenge in observational cosmology. We summarize a framework for measuring the constraining power and the consistency of separately or jointly analyzed data within a given model that we proposed in earlier work (Seehars et al.2014). Applying the Kullback-Leibler divergence to posterior distributions, we can quantify the difference between constraints and distinguish contributions from gains in precision and shifts in parameter space. We show results from applying this technique to a combination of datasets and probes such as the cosmic microwave background or baryon acoustic oscillations.
Extreme-Value Statistics for Testing Dark Energy
Authors: Aiola Simone , Kosowsky Arthur , Wang Bingjie 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect was recently detected at a level of 4.4σ by [Granett et al. (2008)], by stacking compensated CMB temperature patches corresponding to superstructures in the universe. We test the reported signal using realistic gaussian random realizations of the CMB sky, based on the temperature power spectrum predicted by the concordance ΛCDM model. Such simulations provide a complementary approach to the largely used N-body simulations and allow to include the contaminant effects due to small-scale temperature fluctuations. We also apply our pipeline to foreground-cleaned CMB sky maps using the [Granett et al. (2008)] voids/clusters catalog. We confirm the detection of a signal, which depart from the null hypothesis by 3.5σ, and we report a tension with our theoretical estimates at a significance of about 2.5σ.
Combining Probes
Authors: Rassat Anaïs , Lanusse François , Kirk Donnacha , Host Ole , Bridle Sarah 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWith the advent of wide-field surveys, cosmology has entered a new golden age of data where our cosmological model and the nature of dark universe will be tested with unprecedented accuracy, so that we can strive for high precision cosmology. Observational probes like weak lensing, galaxy surveys and the cosmic microwave background as well as other observations will all contribute to these advances. These different probes trace the underlying expansion history and growth of structure in complementary ways and can be combined in order to extract cosmological parameters as best as possible. With future wide-field surveys, observational overlap means these will trace the same physical underlying dark matter distribution, and extra care must be taken when combining information from different probes. Consideration of probe combination is a fundamental aspect of cosmostatistics and important to ensure optimal use of future wide-field surveys.
SCARECROW-LIKE15 interacts with HISTONE DEACETYLASE19 and is essential for repressing the seed maturation programme
Authors: Gao Ming-Jun , Li Xiang , Huang Jun , Gropp Gordon M. , Gjetvaj Branimir , Lindsay Donna L. , Wei Shu , Coutu Cathy , Chen Zhixiang , Wan Xiao-Chun , Hannoufa Abdelali , Lydiate Derek J. , Gruber Margaret Y. , Chen Z. Jeffrey , Hegedus Dwayne D. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractEpigenetic regulation of gene expression is critical for controlling embryonic properties during the embryo-to-seedling phase transition. Here we report that a HISTONE DEACETYLASE19 (HDA19)-associated regulator, SCARECROW-LIKE15 (SCL15), is essential for repressing the seed maturation programme in vegetative tissues.SCL15is expressed in and GFP-tagged SCL15 predominantly localizes to, the vascular bundles particularly in the phloem companion cells and neighbouring specialized cells. Mutation ofSCL15leads to a global shift in gene expression in seedlings to a profile resembling late embryogenesis in seeds. Inscl15seedlings, many genes involved in seed maturation are markedly derepressed with concomitant accumulation of seed 12S globulin; this is correlated with elevated levels of histone acetylation at a subset of seed-specific loci. SCL15 physically interacts with HDA19 and direct targets of HDA19–SCL15 association are identified. These studies reveal that SCL15 acts as an HDA19-associated regulator to repress embryonic traits in seedlings.
Self-assembled 2D WSe2 thin films for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production
Authors: Yu Xiaoyun , Prévot Mathieu S. , Guijarro Néstor , Sivula Kevin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWSe2—a layered semiconductor that can be exfoliated into atomically thin two-dimensional sheets—offers promising characteristics for application in solar energy conversion. However, the lack of controllable, cost-effective methods to scalably fabricate homogeneous thin films currently limits practical application. Here we present a technique to prepare controlled thin films of 2D WSe2 from dispersions of solvent-exfoliated few-layer flakes. Flake self-assembly at a liquid/liquid interface (formed exceptionally from two non-solvents for WSe2) followed by substrate transfer affords large-area thin films with superior 2D flake alignment compared with traditional (liquid/air) self-assembly techniques. We further demonstrate, for the first time, solar-to-hydrogen conversion from solution-processed WSe2 thin films. Bare photoelectrodes with a thickness of ca. 25 nm exhibit sustained p-type photocurrent under simulated solar illumination, and up to 1.0 mA cm–2 at 0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode with an added water reduction catalyst (Pt). The importance of the self-assembled morphology is established by photoelectrochemical and conductivity measurements.
A novel alphaproteobacterial ectosymbiont promotes the growth of the hydrocarbon-rich green alga Botryococcus braunii
Authors: Tanabe Yuuhiko , Okazaki Yusuke , Yoshida Masaki , Matsuura Hiroshi , Kai Atsushi , Shiratori Takashi , Ishida Ken-ichiro , Nakano Shin-ichi , Watanabe Makoto M. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBotryococcus brauniiis a colony-forming green alga that accumulates large amounts of liquid hydrocarbons within the colony. The utilization ofB. brauniifor biofuel production is however hindered by its low biomass productivity. Here we describe a novel bacterial ectosymbiont (BOTRYCO-2) that confers higher biomass productivity toB. braunii. 16S rDNA analysis indicated that the sequence of BOTRYCO-2 shows low similarity (<90%) to cultured bacterial species and located BOTRYCO-2 within a phylogenetic lineage consisting of uncultured alphaproteobacterial clones. Fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) studies and transmission electric microscopy indicated that BOTRYCO-2 is closely associated withB. brauniicolonies. Interestingly, FISH analysis of a water bloom sample also found BOTRYCO-2 bacteria in close association with cyanobacteriumMicrocystis aeruginosacolonies, suggesting that BOTRYCO-2 relatives have high affinity to phytoplankton colonies. A PCR survey of algal bloom samples revealed that the BOTRYCO-2 lineage is commonly found inMicrocystisassociated blooms. Growth experiments indicated thatB. brauniiBa10 can grow faster and has a higher biomass (1.8-fold) and hydrocarbon (1.5-fold) yield in the presence of BOTRYCO-2. Additionally, BOTRYCO-2 conferred a higher biomass yield to BOT-22, one of the fastest growing strains ofB. braunii. We propose the species name ‘CandidatusPhycosocius bacilliformis’ for BOTRYCO-2.
New Insight into the Role of the Calvin Cycle: Reutilization of CO2 Emitted through Sugar Degradation
Authors: Shimizu Rie , Dempo Yudai , Nakayama Yasumune , Nakamura Satoshi , Bamba Takeshi , Fukusaki Eiichiro , Fukui Toshiaki 
Published: July 2015

AbstractRalstonia eutropha is a facultative chemolithoautotrophic bacterium that uses the Calvin–Benson–Bassham (CBB) cycle for CO2 fixation. This study showed that R. eutropha strain H16G incorporated 13CO2, emitted by the oxidative decarboxylation of [1-13C1]-glucose, into key metabolites of the CBB cycle and finally into poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] with up to 5.6% 13C abundance. The carbon yield of P(3HB) produced from glucose by the strain H16G was 1.2 times higher than that by the CBB cycle-inactivated mutants, in agreement with the possible fixation of CO2 estimated from the balance of energy and reducing equivalents through sugar degradation integrated with the CBB cycle. The results proved that the ‘gratuitously’ functional CBB cycle in R. eutropha under aerobic heterotrophic conditions participated in the reutilization of CO2 emitted during sugar degradation, leading to an advantage expressed as increased carbon yield of the storage compound. This is a new insight into the role of the CBB cycle and may be applicable for more efficient utilization of biomass resources.
DYNC2LI1 mutations broaden the clinical spectrum of dynein-2 defects
Authors: Kessler Kristin , Wunderlich Ina , Uebe Steffen , Falk Nathalie S. , Gießl Andreas , Helmut Brandstätter Johann , Popp Bernt , Klinger Patricia , Ekici Arif B. , Sticht Heinrich , Dörr Helmuth-Günther , Reis André , Roepman Ronald , Seemanová Eva , Thiel Christian T. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSkeletal ciliopathies are a heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive osteochondrodysplasias caused by defects in formation, maintenance and function of the primary cilium. Mutations in the underlying genes affect the molecular motors, intraflagellar transport complexes (IFT), or the basal body. The more severe phenotypes are caused by defects of genes of the dynein-2 complex, where mutations in DYNC2H1, WDR34 and WDR60 have been identified. In a patient with a Jeune-like phenotype we performed exome sequencing and identified compound heterozygous missense and nonsense mutations in DYNC2LI1 segregating with the phenotype. DYNC2LI1 is ubiquitously expressed and interacts with DYNC2H1 to form the dynein-2 complex important for retrograde IFT. Using DYNC2LI1 siRNA knockdown in fibroblasts we identified a significantly reduced cilia length proposed to affect cilia function. In addition, depletion of DYNC2LI1 induced altered cilia morphology with broadened ciliary tips and accumulation of IFT-B complex proteins in accordance with retrograde IFT defects. Our results expand the clinical spectrum of ciliopathies caused by defects of the dynein-2 complex.
Redox Linked Flavin Sites in Extracellular Decaheme Proteins Involved in Microbe-Mineral Electron Transfer.
Authors: Edwards Marcus J. , White Gaye F. , Norman Michael , Tome-Fernandez Alice , Ainsworth Emma , Shi Liang , Fredrickson Jim K. , Zachara John M. , Butt Julea N. , Richardson David J. , Clarke Thomas A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractExtracellular microbe-mineral electron transfer is a major driving force for the oxidation of organic carbon in many subsurface environments. Extracellular multi-heme cytochromes of the Shewenella genus play a major role in this process but the mechanism of electron exchange at the interface between cytochrome and acceptor is widely debated. The 1.8 Å x-ray crystal structure of the decaheme MtrC revealed a highly conserved CX8C disulfide that, when substituted for AX8A, severely compromised the ability of S. oneidensis to grow under aerobic conditions. Reductive cleavage of the disulfide in the presence of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) resulted in the reversible formation of a stable flavocytochrome. Similar results were also observed with other decaheme cytochromes, OmcA, MtrF and UndA. The data suggest that these decaheme cytochromes can transition between highly reactive flavocytochromes or less reactive cytochromes and that this transition is controlled by a redox active disulfide that responds to the presence of oxygen.
A systematic analysis of human lipocalin family and its expression in esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Du Ze-Peng , Wu Bing-Li , Wu Xuan , Lin Xuan-Hao , Qiu Xiao-Yang , Zhan Xiao-Fen , Wang Shao-Hong , Shen Jin-Hui , Zheng Chun-Peng , Wu Zhi-Yong , Xu Li-Yan , Wang Dong , Li En-Min 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe lipocalin proteins (lipocalins) are a large family of small proteins characterized by low sequence similarity and highly conserved crystal structures. Lipocalins have been found to play important roles in many human diseases. For this reason, a systemic analysis of the molecular properties of human lipocalins is essential. In this study, human lipocalins were found to contain four structurally conserved regions (SCRs) and could be divided into two subgroups. A human lipocalin protein-protein interaction network (PPIN) was constructed and integrated with their expression data in esophageal carcinoma. Many lipocalins showed obvious co-expression patterns in esophageal carcinoma. Their subcellular distributions also suggested these lipocalins may transfer signals from the extracellular space to the nucleus using the pathway-like paths. These analyses also expanded our knowledge about this human ancient protein family in the background of esophageal carcinoma.
Hierarchical Core/Shell NiCo2O4@NiCo2O4 Nanocactus Arrays with Dual-functionalities for High Performance Supercapacitors and Li-ion Batteries
Authors: Cheng Jinbing , Lu Yang , Qiu Kangwen , Yan Hailong , Xu Jinyou , Han Lei , Liu Xianming , Luo Jingshan , Kim Jang-Kyo , Luo Yongsong 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe report the synthesis of three dimensional (3D) NiCo2O4@NiCo2O4nanocactus arrays grown directly on a Ni current collector using a facile solution method followed by electrodeposition. They possess a unique 3D hierarchical core-shell structure with large surface area and dual-functionalities that can serve as electrodes for both supercapacitors (SCs) and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As the SC electrode, they deliver a remarkable specific capacitance of 1264 F g−1at a current density of 2 A g−1and ~93.4% of capacitance retention after 5000 cycles at 2 A g−1. When used as the anode for LIBs, a high reversible capacity of 925 mA h g−1is achieved at a rate of 120 mA g−1with excellent cyclic stability and rate capability. The ameliorating features of the NiCo2O4core/shell structure grown directly on highly conductive Ni foam, such as hierarchical mesopores, numerous hairy needles and a large surface area, are responsible for the fast electron/ion transfer and large active sites which commonly contribute to the excellent electrochemical performance of both the SC and LIB electrodes.
Loss of DNase II function in the gonad is associated with a higher expression of antimicrobial genes in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Yu Hsiang , Lai Huey-Jen , Lin Tai-Wei , Chen Chang-Shi , Lo Szecheng J. 
Published: July 2015

Three waves of apoptosis shape the development of Caenorhabditis elegans. Although the exact roles of the three DNase II genes (nuc-1, crn-6 and crn-7), which are known to mediate degradation of apoptotic DNA, in the embryonic and larval phases of apoptosis have been characterized, the DNase II acting in the third wave of germ cell apoptosis remains undetermined. In the present study, we performed in vitro and in vivo assays on various mutant nematodes to demonstrate that NUC-1 and CRN-7, but not CRN-6, function in germ cell apoptosis. In addition, in situ DNA-break detection and anti-phosphorylated ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) staining illustrated the sequential and spatially regulated actions of NUC-1 and CRN-7, at the pachytene zone of the gonad and at the loop respectively. In line with the notion that UV-induced DNA fragment accumulation in the gonad activates innate immunity responses, we also found that loss of NUC-1 and CRN-7 lead to up-regulation of antimicrobial genes (abf-2, spp-1, nlp-29, cnc-2, and lys-7). Our observations suggest that an incomplete digestion of DNA fragments resulting from the absence of NUC-1 or CRN-7 in the gonad could induce the ERK signalling, consequently activating antimicrobial gene expression. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrate for the first time that nuc-1 and crn-7 play a role in degrading apoptotic DNA in distinct sites of the gonad, and act as negative regulators of innate immunity in C. elegans.
Novel protein Callipygian defines the back of migrating cells
Authors: Swaney Kristen F. , Borleis Jane , Iglesias Pablo A. , Devreotes Peter N. 
Published: July 2015

Significance
Though the asymmetric distribution of proteins is a crucial first step in establishing polarity and guiding cell migration, the molecular mechanisms regulating many of these localizations are unknown. Our study reports on the novel protein Callipygian (CynA), which localizes to the rear of cells during symmetry breaking, thereby promoting polarity and increasing migration efficiency. Our data indicate that CynA localization is mediated by two distinct mechanisms, which may be important for segregating proteins in other polarized cell types including epithelial cells, neurons, and immune cells. Thus, our findings have implications for tissue formation during embryonic development, the migration of immune cells during wound healing and infection, and the aberrant migrations associated with arthritis, asthma, atherosclerosis, cancer metastasis, and other diseases.
Recreational Fishing Effort, Catch, and Harvest for Murray Cod and Golden Perch in the Murrumbidgee River, Australia
Authors: Forbes Jamin P. , Watts Robyn J. , Robinson Wayne A. , Baumgartner Lee J. , Steffe Aldo S. , Murphy Jeff J. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Recreational fishery management aims to prevent species decline and provide sustainable fisheries. Overfishing has been frequently suggested as a cause of historic fishery declines within the Murray–Darling Basin (MDB), Australia, but there have been few quantitative surveys for providing fishery-dependent data to gauge status. The Murray Cod Maccullochella peelii and the Golden Perch Macquaria ambigua are important species targeted by recreational fishers across the MDB. The fisheries are controlled by size and bag limits and gear restrictions (both species) as well as a closed season (Murray Cod only). A complemented fisher survey design was used to assess the recreational fishery for both species in a 76-km reach of the Murrumbidgee River in 2012–2013. Progressive counts were used to quantify boat- and shore-based fishing effort. Catch and harvest rate information was obtained from shore-based fishers via roving surveys and from boat-based fishers via bus route surveys. Murray Cod catch rates (fish/angler-hour) were 0.228 ± 0.047 (mean ± SE; boat based) and 0.092 ± 0.023 (shore based), and harvest rates (fish/angler-hour) were 0.013 ± 0.006 (boat based) and 0.003 ± 0.001 (shore based). Golden Perch catch rates were 0.018 ± 0.009 (shore based) and 0.002 ± 0.001 (boat based), and harvest rates were 0.006 ± 0.002 (shore based) and 0.001 ± &lt;0.001 (boat based). The Murray Cod fishery had maximal catch and harvest during the 5-month period after the closed season ended. The closed season aims to protect spawning Murray Cod, but this strategy's effectiveness may have been influenced by high fishing effort and deliberate bycatch during the closure period. To sustain and improve these MDB fisheries, we suggest quantification of catch-and-release impacts on spawning Murray Cod, provision of fish passage, re-stocking of Golden Perch, and education on fishing techniques that minimize Murray Cod bycatch during the closed season.
Received October 22, 2014; accepted March 6, 2015
Smartphones Reveal Angler Behavior: A Case Study of a Popular Mobile Fishing Application in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Papenfuss Jason T. , Phelps Nicholas , Fulton David , Venturelli Paul A. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Successfully managing fisheries and controlling the spread of invasive species depends on the ability to describe and predict angler behavior. However, finite resources restrict conventional survey approaches and tend to produce retrospective data that are limited in time or space and rely on intentions or attitudes rather than actual behavior. In this study, we used three years of angler data from a popular mobile fishing application in Alberta, Canada, to determine province-wide, seasonal patterns of (1) lake popularity that were consistent with conventional data and (2) anthropogenic lake connectivity that has not been widely described in North America. Our proof-of-concept analyses showed that mobile apps can be an inexpensive source of high-resolution, real-time data for managing fisheries and invasive species. We also identified key challenges that underscore the need for further research and development in this new frontier that combines big data with increased stakeholder interaction and cooperation.
El manejo exitoso de las pesquerías y el control de la dispersión de especies invasivas depende de la habilidad para describir y predecir el comportamiento de los pescadores. Sin embargo, la limitación de recursos restringe el uso de muestreos convencionales y tiende a producir datos históricos incompletos en tiempo y espacio, y se fundamenta en intenciones o actitudes más que en el comportamiento real de los pescadores. En este trabajo se utilizan tres años de datos sobre pescadores obtenidos mediante una aplicación para teléfonos móviles en Alberta, Canadá, para determinar, a nivel provincie, los patrones estacionales de: 1) popularidad del lago de acuerdo a los datos convencionales, y 2) conectividad antropogénica del lago que no ha sido ampliamente descrita en Norteamérica. El análisis para poner a prueba el concepto mostró que las aplicaciones para teléfono celular pueden representar una fuente de datos barata, de alta resolución y que opera en tiempo real para manejo de pesquerías y de especies invasivas. También se identificaron retos clave que resaltan la necesidad de realizar investigación en el futuro y desarrollar información acerca de esta nueva frontera tecnológica que combina grandes cantidades de datos y mayor interés y cooperación por parte de los inversionistas.
Use of foreign-educated nurses and patient satisfaction in U.S. hospitals
Authors: Mazurenko Olena , Menachemi Nir 
Published: July 2015

Purpose:
In the context of value-based purchasing, this study examines the association between the utilization of foreign-educated registered nurses (RNs) and patient satisfaction among U.S. acute care hospitals.

Data Sources/Study Setting:
We utilized data from the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems to measure patient satisfaction and data from the American Hospital Association regarding the utilization of foreign-educated RNs in 2012.

Methodology/Approach:
In this study, a cross-sectional design with propensity score adjustment to examine the relationship between use of foreign-educated nurses and 10 patient satisfaction outcome measures. Control variables include hospital size, ownership, geographic location, teaching status, system membership, a high-technology index, and U.S. region based on census categories.

Findings:
The utilization of foreign-educated RNs was negatively and significantly related to six patient satisfaction measures. Specifically, hospitals with foreign-educated RNs scored, on average, lower on measures related to nurse communication (β = −0.649, p = .01), doctor’s communication (β = −0.837, p ≤ .001), communication about administered drugs (β = −0.539, p = .81), and communication about what to do during their recovery at home (β = −0.571, p = .01). Moreover, hospitals utilizing foreign-educated RNs scored, on average, lower on overall satisfaction measures including rating the hospital as 9 or 10 overall (β = −1.20, p = .005), and patients would definitely recommend the hospital (β = −1.32, p = .006).

Practice Implications:
Utilization of foreign-educated RNs is negatively associated with measures of patient satisfaction pertaining to communication and overall perceptions of care. Hospitals that utilize foreign-educated RNs should consider strategies that enhance communication competency and aid improving perception of care among patients.