bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laggan-Tormore: reservoir to sales production forecasting and optimization using an integrated modelling approach
Authors: Jones K. , Mackinnon D. , De Senneville A. , Watt K. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Laggan and Tormore are gas-condensate fields in the West of Shetland region of the UK, to be developed as a 143 km subsea tie-back (twin 18″ flowlines) to a new onshore gas plant (Shetland Gas Plant, SGP). Condensate will be sent to the neighbouring Sullom Voe Terminal for stabilization and a new 30″ gas export pipeline will provide a route from the SGP to Total's St Fergus terminal on the UK mainland. The development is planned as a hub to enable future development of similar reservoirs in the region.
Production forecasting and field management are complex due to the evolving nature of the reservoir compositions over time, the back-pressure and flow assurance impacts of the long flowlines and final sales products being delivered at two remote terminals. This will be further complicated with the introduction of any additional fields, requiring an accurate understanding of field interactions, pipeline ullage, plateau extension and management of production allocation. To address these issues, Total E&P UK (TEPUK) have developed an integrated asset model (IAM) using state-of-the-art techniques to model the system from reservoir to final product sales. The IAM will be used to communicate a common geosciences and development understanding for forecasting and future development studies.
Improved signal processing for sub-basalt imaging
Authors: Woodburn N. , Hardwick A. , Masoomzadeh H. , Travis T. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Sub-basalt imaging continues to provide a challenge within the West of Shetland region. Successful imaging is being achieved through the reprocessing of 2D reflection seismic data. These were acquired with conventional source array and streamer parameters and include key signal processing techniques. The first technique involves spectral processing to boost low-frequency signals at the early stages of processing. The second technique involves attenuating coherent and incoherent noise in all of the available ‘time-offset’ domains. Examples of the data after application of these techniques are presented and clear improvements over the original processing are demonstrated. As work on these reprocessing methods has progressed, the benefits of moving to a true broadband processing solution have become clear.
Coronary Plaque Structural Stress Is Associated With Plaque Composition and Subtype and Higher in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Teng Zhongzhao , Brown Adam J. , Calvert Patrick A. , Parker Richard A. , Obaid Daniel R. , Huang Yuan , Hoole Stephen P. , West Nick E.J. , Gillard Jonathan H. , Bennett Martin R. 
Published: February 2014

Background—
Atherosclerotic plaques underlying most myocardial infarctions have thin fibrous caps and large necrotic cores; however, these features alone do not reliably identify plaques that rupture. Rupture occurs when plaque structural stress (PSS) exceeds mechanical strength. We examined whether PSS could be calculated in vivo based on virtual histology (VH) intravascular ultrasound and whether PSS varied according to plaque composition, subtype, or clinical presentation.

Methods and Results—

A total of 4429 VH intravascular ultrasound frames from 53 patients were analyzed, identifying 99 584 individual plaque components. PSS was calculated by finite element analysis in whole vessels, in individual plaques, and in higher-risk regions (plaque burden ≥70%, mean luminal area ≤4 mm
2
, noncalcified VH-defined thin-cap fibroatheroma). Plaque components including total area/arc of calcification (
R
2
=0.33;
P
<0.001 and
R
2
=0.28;
P
<0.001) and necrotic core (
R
2
=0.18;
P
<0.001 and
R
2
=0.15;
P
<0.001) showed complex, nonlinear relationships with PSS. PSS was higher in noncalcified VH-defined thin-cap fibroatheroma compared with thick-cap fibroatheromas (median [Q1–Q3], 8.44 [6.97–10.64] versus 7.63 [6.37–9.68];
P
=0.002). PSS was also higher in patients with an acute coronary syndrome, where mean luminal area ≤4 mm
2
(8.24 [7.06–9.93] versus 7.72 [6.33–9.34];
P
=0.03), plaque burden ≥70% (9.18 [7.44–10.88] versus 7.93 [6.16–9.46];
P
=0.02), and in noncalcified VH-defined thin-cap fibroatheroma (9.23 [7.33–11.44] versus 7.65 [6.45–8.62];
P
=0.02). Finally, PSS increased the positive predictive value for VH intravascular ultrasound to identify clinical presentation.

Conclusions—
Finite element analysis modeling demonstrates that structural stress is highly variable within plaques, with increased PSS associated with plaque composition, subtype, and higher-risk regions in patients with acute coronary syndrome. PSS may represent a novel tool to analyze the dynamic behavior of coronary plaques with the potential to improve prediction of plaque rupture.
Visual and Region of Interest–Based Inter-Rater Agreement in the Assessment of the Diffusion-Weighted Imaging– Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Mismatch
Authors: Galinovic Ivana , Puig Josep , Neeb Lars , Guibernau Jorge , Kemmling Andre , Siemonsen Susanne , Pedraza Salvador , Cheng Bastian , Thomalla Götz , Fiehler Jens , Fiebach Jochen B. 
Published: February 2014

Background and Purpose—
WAKE-UP is a randomized, placebo-controlled MRI-based trial of thrombolysis in wake-up stroke using the mismatch between a lesion’s visibility in diffusion-weighted imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences as its main imaging inclusion criterion. Visual judgment of lesion conspicuity on FLAIR is however methodically limited by moderate inter-rater agreement. We therefore sought to improve rating homogeneity by incorporating quantitative signal intensity measurements.

Methods—
One hundred forty-three data sets of patients with acute ischemic stroke were visually rated by 8 raters with respect to WAKE-UP study inclusion and exclusion criteria, and inter-rater agreement was calculated. A subanalysis was performed on 45 cases to determine a threshold value of relative signal intensity (rSI) between the ischemic lesion and contralateral healthy tissue which best corresponded to a visually established verdict of FLAIR positivity. The usefulness of this threshold in improving inter-rater agreement was evaluated in an additional sample of 50 patients.

Results—
Inter-rater agreement for inclusion into the WAKE-UP trial was 73% with a free-marginal κ of 0.46. A threshold of rSI which best correlated with the visual rating of lesions as FLAIR positive was 1.20. The addition of rSI measurements to visual evaluation did not change the inter-rater agreement.

Conclusions—
Introducing a semiquantitative measure for FLAIR rSI did not improve the agreement between individual raters. However, enhancing visual assessment with rSI measurements can provide reassurance to local investigators in cases of uncertainty.
Assessing the potential use of strategies independent from the architectural design to achieve efficient ventilation: A Spanish case study
Authors: Porras-Amores César , Viñas-Arrebola Carmen , Rodríguez-Sánchez Antonio , Villoria-Sáez Paola 
Published: February 2014

Increasing building tightness is one of the measures taken by the construction industry to reduce energy losses, but leading to unhealthy environments. Efficient ventilation strategies with low energy consumption are necessary in order to design and improve the existing forced ventilation systems. This paper assesses the potential use of different strategies, independently from the architectural design, to achieve efficient ventilation. To this end, the airflow pattern and the age of air have been assessed in an en suite bedroom within a Spanish house with the use of computational fluid dynamics predictions. The computational fluid dynamics model predictions were validated by the comparison against experimental measurements, with good agreement. An alternative ventilation strategy is proposed, not affecting the architectural design of the room. Statistical analysis is used to assess and compare the results obtained for the different cases simulated. Results show that although the room has a forced ventilation system, air stagnates and ventilation are not homogeneous. Statistical analysis shows that this strategy produces a significant impact on indoor air quality, particularly in bedroom areas where air tends to stagnate. Practical application: The Spanish Building Code provides a minimum level of air quality within the buildings although it does not ensure an efficient design of the ventilation system, being necessary the use of guidelines or other recommendations to advise the designers in order to achieve efficient ventilation designs. Implementation of strategies independent from the architectural design, as studied in this work, can improve the indoor air quality and therefore reduce the global building energy consumption. In addition, these solutions are recommended for construction works requiring quick-easy implementation without disturbing the inhabitants of a house and allowing the normal use of the building during the refurbishment works.
Quantitative MRI morphology of invasive breast cancer: correlation with immunohistochemical biomarkers and subtypes
Authors: Bae Min Sun , Seo Mirinae , Kim Kwang Gi , Park In-Ae , Moon Woo Kyung 
Published: February 2014

Background Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with intrinsic molecular subtypes. The different biology and histology of breast cancer exhibit different tumor morphology at breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, few studies have examined the quantitative relationship between the MRI morphological and immunohistochemical features in breast cancer. Purpose To investigate the correlations between tumor roundness, as quantitatively assessed with MRI and biomarkers or subtypes of breast cancer. Material and Methods A total of 280 women (mean age, 51 years; range, 28–79 years) with 282 invasive breast cancers (<5 cm) were included. The associations between the tumor roundness (1–100%), as measured using MRI software, and immunohistochemical (e.g. estrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2], and Ki67) features were evaluated using Pearson’s or Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression analysis. Results An inverse correlation was observed between the ER (r = –0.408, P < 0.001) or PR (r = –0.248, P < 0.001) scores and tumor roundness, whereas a positive correlation was observed between the Ki67 index and tumor roundness (r = 0.354, P < 0.001). In multiple linear regression, the ER score ( P < 0.001) and Ki67 index ( P = 0.003) were independent factors determining tumor roundness. Triple-negative tumors (ER, PR, and HER2 negative) showed the highest mean roundness scores compared with the other subtypes (e.g. 67.3% for triple-negative, relative to 55.9% for HER2-enriched, 53.8% for luminal B, and 51.7% for luminal A, P < 0.001). Conclusion Our results suggest that breast tumors with lower ER expression and higher cellular proliferation or biologically aggressive triple-negative tumors are likely to manifest with relatively benign morphologic features.
High incidence of asymptomatic cerebral microbleeds in patients with hemorrhagic onset-type moyamoya disease: a phase-sensitive MRI study and meta-analysis
Authors: Qin Ying , Ogawa Toshihide , Fujii Shinya , Shinohara Yuki , Kitao Shin-ichiro , Miyoshi Fuminori , Takasugi Marie , Watanabe Takashi , Kaminou Toshio 
Published: February 2014

Background Moyamoya disease is a relatively rare cerebrovascular occlusive disorder. Several studies have reported cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in moyamoya disease patients using T2*-weighted imaging (T2*WI) and/or susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). Purpose To investigate the incidence, distribution patterns, and influencing factors of asymptomatic CMBs in patients with moyamoya disease. Material and Methods Phase-sensitive imaging (PSI) was used to investigate 27 consecutive moyamoya disease patients with a 3-T magnetic resonance imaging system, then a meta-analysis of 245 patients (asymptomatic moyamoya disease, n = 23; ischemic moyamoya disease, n = 161; hemorrhagic moyamoya disease, n = 61) from four previous individual studies and our PSI study was performed. The meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Based on the clinical and radiological data, we divided the studies into different model groups to calculate the incidence of CMBs and discuss the distribution patterns of CMBs. Results Thirty-five asymptomatic CMBs were demonstrated in 14 moyamoya disease patients (51.9%) in our PSI study. Of these, 45.7% were located in the periventricular white matter. In the meta-analysis, the pooled incidence of asymptomatic CMBs in moyamoya disease was 46% (95% confidence interval [CI], 28.2–63.8%) on SWI or PSI and 29.6% (95% CI, 17.4–41.7%) on T2*WI. Statistical analysis showed that PSI or SWI offered better detection of CMBs in moyamoya disease than T2*WI, and 3-T T2*WI offered better detection than 1.5-T T2*WI. Furthermore, hemorrhagic onset-type moyamoya disease correlated with a high incidence of asymptomatic CMBs. Conclusion PSI or SWI can detect CMBs better than T2*WI, and 3-T T2*WI. Hemorrhagic onset-type moyamoya disease seems to correlate with a high incidence of asymptomatic CMBs. The meta-analysis indicates that asymptomatic CMBs may be an important factor for hemorrhagic stroke risk. Long-term evaluation of CMBs using PSI or SWI may contribute to the management of moyamoya disease.
A consensus protocol for the management of medication-overuse headache: Evaluation in a multicentric, multinational study
Authors: Tassorelli C , Jensen R , Allena M , De Icco R , Sances G , Katsarava Z , Lainez M , Leston JA , Fadic R , Spadafora S , Pagani M , Nappi G ,   the COMOESTAS Consortium
Published: February 2014

Introduction The management of medication-overuse headache (MOH) is often difficult and no specific guidelines are available as regards the most practical and effective approaches. In this study we defined and tested a consensus protocol for the management of MOH on a large population of patients distributed in different countries. Subjects and methods The protocol was based on evidence from the literature and on consolidated expertise of the members of the consensus group. The study was conducted according to a multicentric interventional design with the enrolment of 376 MOH subjects in four centres from Europe and two centres in Latin America. The majority of patients were treated according to an outpatient detoxification programme. The post-detoxification follow-up lasted six months. Results At the final evaluation, two-thirds of the subjects were no longer overusers and in 46.5% of subjects headache had reverted back to an episodic pattern of headache. When comparing the subjects who underwent out-patient detoxification vs those treated with in-patient detoxification, both regimens proved effective, although the drop-out rate was higher in the out-patient approach. Conclusions The present findings support the effectiveness and usability of the proposed consensus protocol in different countries with different health care modalities.
The Acetabular Labrum Regulates Fluid Circulation of the Hip Joint During Functional Activities
Authors: Dwyer Maureen K. , Jones Hugh L. , Hogan Michael G. , Field Richard E. , McCarthy Joseph C. , Noble Philip C. 
Published: February 2014

Background: An assessment of the effect of surgical repair or reconstruction on the function of the hip labrum is critical to the advancement of hip preservation surgery; however, validated models of the hip that allow the quantification of labral function in functional joint positions have yet to be developed. Purpose: To evaluate (1) whether intra-articular pressures within the hip are regulated by fluid transport between the labrum and femoral head and (2) whether the sealing capacity of the labrum varies with joint posture. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: The sealing ability of the hip labrum was measured during fluid infusion into the central compartments of 8 cadaveric specimens. Additionally, the pathway of fluid transfer from the central to the peripheral compartment was assessed via direct visualization in 3 specimens. The effect of joint posture on the sealing capacity of the labrum was determined by placing all 8 specimens in 10 functional postures. The relationship between pressure resistance and 3-dimensional motion of the femoral head within the acetabulum was quantified using motion analysis and computer modeling. Results: Resistance to fluid transport from the central compartment of the hip was directly controlled by the labrum during loading. Maximum pressure resistance was affected by joint posture ( P = .001). Specifically, positions that increased external rotation of the joint (pivoting) provided an improved seal, while positions that increased flexion combined with internal rotation (stooping) augmented the ease of fluid transport from the central to the peripheral compartment. Maximum pressure resistance was associated with the distance between the labrum and femoral head during pivoting. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the transfer of fluid from the central compartment of the hip occurs at the junction of the labrum and femoral head. Joint position was shown to strongly affect the sealing function of the labrum and was attributable to the distance between the labrum and femoral head in certain positions. Clinical Relevance: Altering the relationship between the labrum and femoral head may disrupt the sealing ability of the labrum, potentially leaving the joint at risk for pathological changes with time.
Primary hypodipsia in a cat with severe hypernatremia
Authors: Bach Jonathan , Claus Kimberly 
Published: February 2014

Clinical summary: A 4.5-year-old male castrated domestic shorthair cat presented with a 2-month history of muscle tremors progressing to weakness, pelvic limb ataxia, mild facial twitching, poor appetite and polyuria. Primary hypodipsia and resultant hypernatremia was diagnosed. Intensive fluid therapy and monitoring were initially required for stabilization, and the cat’s condition was successfully managed long-term using canned food supplemented with additional water. Practical relevance: Primary hypodipsia is rare in clinical practice, but experience with this case suggests that associated hypernatremia can be successfully managed using a water-enriched diet to provide maintenance hydration.
Hypervitaminosis A-induced hepatic fibrosis in a cat
Authors: Guerra Juliana M , Daniel Alexandre G T , Aloia Thiago P A , de Siqueira Adriana , Fukushima André R , Simões Denise M N , Reche-Júior Archivaldo , Cogliati Bruno 
Published: February 2014

Rationale: The excessive intake of vitamin A in the form of vitamin concentrate, supplement or vitamin-rich liver can result in hypervitaminosis A in man and animals. Although osteopathologies resulting from chronic vitamin A intoxication in cats are well characterized, no information is available concerning feline hypervitaminosis A-induced liver disease. Clinical summary: We report the first case of hepatic stellate cell lipidosis and hepatic fibrosis in a domestic cat that had been fed a diet based on raw beef liver. Radiographic examination revealed exostoses and ankylosis between vertebrae C1 and T7, compatible with deforming cervical spondylosis. Necropsy showed a slightly enlarged and light yellow to bronze liver. Microscopic and ultrastructural analyses of liver tissues revealed diffuse and severe liver fibrosis associated with hepatic stellate cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy. These cells showed immunopositive staining for α-smooth muscle actin and desmin markers. The necropsy findings of chronic liver disease coupled with osteopathology supported the diagnosis of hypervitaminosis A. Practical relevance: As in human hepatology, if there is dietary evidence to support increased intake of vitamin A, then hypervitaminosis A should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic liver disease in cats.
High risk and rapid appearance of multidrug resistance during tuberculosis treatment in Moldova
Authors: Jenkins Helen E. , Crudu Valeriu , Soltan Viorel , Ciobanu Ana , Domente Liliana , Cohen Ted 
Published: February 2014

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a serious problem in the former Soviet Union and may appear during TB treatment. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of, timing of and factors associated with MDR-TB diagnosis during TB treatment in Moldova, which was part of the former Soviet Union.We analysed data on 3 754 confirmed non-MDR-TB cases (between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2010) in the Moldovan TB surveillance database, where patients provided sputum specimens for drug-susceptibility testing, multiple times, during treatment. We estimated the percentage of individuals with confirmed baseline non-MDR-TB that were diagnosed with MDR-TB during treatment, documented the time at which MDR-TB was diagnosed, and used a failure-time model to identify factors associated with MDR-TB diagnosis.Between 7.2% and 9.2% of initially non-MDR-TB cases were diagnosed with MDR-TB during treatment. Half of these MDR-TB diagnoses occurred with 3 months of the initial diagnosis. An increased MDR-TB risk during treatment was associated with baseline resistance to first-line TB drugs (linear increase in risk per additional drug), previous incarceration and HIV co-infection.MDR can appear rapidly during TB treatment. Policy considerations should emphasise management during early treatment by increasing ambulatory TB treatment to prevent nosocomial transmission, and ensuring universal rapid diagnostics access to prevent acquisition and transmission of drug resistance.