bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of tectonic stress in seepage evolution along the gas hydrate‐charged Vestnesa Ridge, Fram Strait
Authors: Plaza‐Faverola A. , Bünz S. , Johnson J. E. , Chand S. , Knies J. , Mienert J. , Franek P. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMethane expulsion from the world ocean floor is a broadly observed phenomenon known to be episodic. Yet the processes that modulate seepage remain elusive. In the Arctic offshore west Svalbard, for instance, seepage at 200–400 m water depth may be explained by ocean temperature‐controlled gas hydrate instabilities at the shelf break, but additional processes are required to explain seepage in permanently cold waters at depths >1000 m. We discuss the influence of tectonic stress on seepage evolution along the ~100 km long hydrate‐bearing Vestnesa Ridge in Fram Strait. High‐resolution P‐Cable 3‐D seismic data revealed fine‐scale (>10 m width) near‐vertical faults and fractures controlling seepage distribution. Gas chimneys record multiple seepage events coinciding with glacial intensification and active faulting. The faults document the influence of nearby tectonic stress fields in seepage evolution along this deepwater gas hydrate system for at least the last ~2.7 Ma.
Impaired neuronal operation through aberrant intrinsic plasticity in epilepsy
Authors: Artinian Julien , Peret Angélique , Mircheva Yanina , Marti Geoffrey , Crépel Valérie 
Published: January 2015

ObjectivePatients with temporal lobe epilepsy often display cognitive comorbidity with recurrent seizures. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying the impairment of neuronal information processing remain poorly understood in temporal lobe epilepsy. Within the hippocampal formation neuronal networks undergo major reorganization, including the sprouting of mossy fibers in the dentate gyrus; they establish aberrant recurrent synapses between dentate granule cells and operate via postsynaptic kainate receptors. In this report, we tested the hypothesis that this aberrant local circuit alters information processing of perforant path inputs constituting the major excitatory afferent pathway from entorhinal cortex to dentate granule cells.MethodsExperiments were performed in dentate granule cells from control rats and rats with temporal lobe epilepsy induced by pilocarpine hydrochloride treatment. Neurons were recorded in patch clamp in whole cell configuration in hippocampal slices.ResultsOur present data revealed that an aberrant readout of synaptic inputs by kainate receptors triggered a long‐lasting impairment of the perforant path input–output operation in epileptic dentate granule cells. We demonstrated that this is due to the aberrant activity‐dependent potentiation of the persistent sodium current altering intrinsic firing properties of dentate granule cells.InterpretationWe propose that this aberrant activity‐dependent intrinsic plasticity, which lastingly impairs the information processing of cortical inputs in dentate gyrus, may participate in hippocampal‐related cognitive deficits, such as those reported in patients with epilepsy. Ann Neurol 2015;77:592–606
Perspektiven der Chemie – Aspekte adaptiver Chemie und adaptiver Materialien
Authors: Lehn Jean‐Marie 
Published: January 2015

AbstractChemie, rein und angewandt, ist eine Wissenschaft und eine Industrie. Durch ihr Vermögen zum Ausdruck von Materie offenbart sie die Kreativität der Kunst. Sie entfaltete sich von molekularer zu supramolekularer Chemie und dann über konstitutionelle Dynamik zu adaptiver Chemie. Konstitutionelle Dynamik ermöglicht Adaption durch den Austausch von Komponenten und Selektion als Reaktion auf physikalische Reize (z. B. Licht, Photoselektion), chemische Reize (z. B. Metallionen, Metalloselektion) oder Umgebungsfaktoren (z. B. Phasenänderung), unter Bedingungen des Gleichgewichts oder des Ungleichgewichts, mit der Erzeugung der am besten angepassten Konstituente(n) eines dynamischen Satzes. Solche dynamischen Systeme können als zwei‐ oder dreidimensionale dynamische Netzwerke dargestellt werden, die die agonistischen und antagonistischen Beziehungen zwischen den durch Komponentenaustausch verknüpften Konstituenten definieren. Die Einführung konstitutioneller Dynamik in die Materialwissenschaften eröffnet Perspektiven für adaptive Materialien und Techniken mit reizvollen Eigenschaften (z. B. Selbstheilungsprozesse), im Besonderen dynamische Polymere, die ihre Merkmale (z. B. mechanische, optische) durch Komponentenaustausch und Rekombination als Reaktion auf verschiedene Reize anpassen. Konstitutionell‐adaptive Materialien münden in System‐Materialwissenschaften und ermöglichen zahlreiche neue Anwendungen in der Technologie der “weichen Materie”.
Grafting of N‐vinyl caprolactam and methacrylic acid onto silicone rubber films for drug‐eluting products
Authors: Melendez‐Ortiz Hector Ivan , Alvarez‐Lorenzo Carmen , Concheiro Angel , Bucio Emilio 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTSilicone rubber (SR), a material widely used in the biomedical field, was modified with stimuli‐responsive poly(N‐vinyl caprolactam) (PVCL) and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) with the aim of improving its ability to host drug molecules. The grafting of PVCL and PMAA onto SR was carried out by means of a γ‐ray preirradiation method, and the dependence of the grafting yield on the comonomer concentration, preirradiation dose, temperature, and reaction time was evaluated. Modified SR films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and swelling studies to confirm the grafting of the copolymer. The SR‐g‐[vinyl caprolactam (VCL)/methacrylic acid (MAA)] copolymers showed a sensitivity to the temperature and pH, high hemocompatibility, and low affinity to bovine serum albumin and fibrinogen proteins. Moreover, the SR‐g‐(VCL/MAA) copolymers were able to host some nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, such as diclofenac and ibuprofen, and the antifungal agent nystatin. The graft copolymer was shown to be useful for providing sustained release for several hours; this indicates that the modified SR is a promising material for drug‐eluting medical devices. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41855.
Highly luminescent film functionalized with CdTe quantum dots by layer‐by‐layer assembly
Authors: Li Zhenshun , Wan Shaolong , Xu Wei , Wang Yuntao , Shah Bakht Ramin , Jin Weiping , Chen Yijie , Li Bin 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTRobust and facile strategies are required to fabricate film with high luminescence for application in the fields of biomaterials. In this study, the luminescent electrospinning cellulose fibrous mats were decorated with CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA) using layer by layer (LBL). The characterizations of the LBL films coated mats were executed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, fluorescent spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The luminescent intensities were linearly increased with adding the amount of deposited bilayers. The green fabricated (QDs/PDDA)n coated mat through physical interactions is a promising luminescent material. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41893.
Fabrication of Hierarchical Fe3O4@SiO2@P(4VP‐DVB)@Au Nanostructures and Their Enhanced Catalytic Properties
Authors: Guo Wanchun , Wang Qian , Luan Yi , Wang Ge , Dong Wenjun , Yu Jie 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHierarchical Fe3O4@SiO2@P(4VP‐DVB)@Au nanostructures were prepared in which the slightly cross‐linked, thin poly(4‐vinylpyridine‐co‐divinylbenzene) (P(4VP‐DVB)) shells were constructed onto Fe3O4@SiO2 nanospheres, followed by in situ embedding of gold nanocrystals homogeneously into the P4VP chains. These slightly cross‐linked chains, easily swollen by the reactants, make the gold nanocrystals accessible to the reactants, and the thin shell (about 15 nm) reduces the diffusion distance of the reactants to the active gold nanocrystals (about 5 nm), thereby enhancing their catalytic activity and utility. At the same time, confinement of gold nanocrystals within the P4VP shells prevents their migration and coagulation during catalytic transformations. Hence the nanocomposites exhibit high activity (up to 4369.5 h−1 of turnover frequency (TOF)) and controllable magnetic recyclability without any significant loss of gold species after ten runs of catalysis in the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol.
Dynamic Output Feedback Robust MPC Using General Polyhedral State Bounds for the Polytopic Uncertain System With Bounded Disturbance
Authors: Ding Baocang , Gao Chenbo , Ping Xubin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis paper considers the dynamic output feedback robust model predictive control (MPC) for a system with both polytopic model parametric uncertainty and bounded disturbance. For this topic, the techniques for handling the unknown true state are crucial, and the strict guarantee of the input/output/state constraints favors replacing the true state by its bound in the optimization problems. The previous utilized polyhedral bounds, constructed by virtue of the error signals which are some linear combinations of the true state, the estimated state and the output, are generalized, where a bias item is utilized. Based on this unified bounding approach, new techniques for handling the unknown true state are given for both the main and the auxiliary optimization problems. As before, the main optimization problem calculates the control law parameters conditionally, and the auxiliary optimization problem determines the time to refresh these parameters. By applying the proposed method, the augmented state of the closed‐loop system is guaranteed to converge to the neighborhood of the equilibrium point. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the new method.
Synthesis, crystal structure and fluorescence properties of terbium complexes with phenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,6‐tris‐(2‐pyridyl)‐s–triazine
Authors: Wang Zhong‐Xia , Wang Ai‐Ling , Wei Xiao‐Yan , Qu Yan‐Rong , Yue Bin , Kang Jie , Chu Hai‐Bin , Zhao Yong‐Liang 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTwo complexes of Tb3+, Gd3+/Tb3+ and one heteronuclear crystal Gd3+/Tb3+ with phenoxyacetic acid (HPOA) and 2,4,6‐tris‐(2‐pyridyl)‐s–triazine (TPTZ) have been synthesized. Elemental analysis, rare earth coordination titration, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‐AES) and thermogravimetric analysis‐differential scanning calorimetry (TG‐DSC) analysis show that the two complexes are Tb2(POA)6(TPTZ)2·6H2O and TbGd(POA)6(TPTZ)2·6H2O, respectively. The crystal structure of TbGd(POA)6(TPTZ)2·2CH3OH was determined using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The monocrystal belongs to the triclinic system with the P‐1 space group. In particular, each metal ion is coordinately bonded to three nitrogen atoms of one TPTZ and seven oxygen atoms of three phenoxyacetic ions. Furthermore, there exist two coordinate forms between C6H5OCH2COO– and the metal ions in the crystal. One is a chelating bidentate, the other is chelating and bridge coordinating. Fluorescence determination shows that the two complexes possess strong fluorescence emissions. Furthermore, the fluorescence intensity of the Gd3+/Tb3+ complex is much stronger than that of the undoped complex, which may result from a decrease in the concentration quench of Tb3+ ions, and intramolecular energy transfer from the ligands coordinated with Gd3+ ions to Tb3+ ions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Light‐Triggered Capture and Release of DNA and Proteins by Host–Guest Binding and Electrostatic Interaction
Authors: Moratz Johanna , Samanta Avik , Voskuhl Jens , Mohan Nalluri Siva Krishna , Ravoo Bart Jan 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe development of an effective and general delivery method that can be applied to a large variety of structurally diverse biomolecules remains a bottleneck in modern drug therapy. Herein, we present a supramolecular system for the dynamic trapping and light‐stimulated release of both DNA and proteins. Self‐assembled ternary complexes act as nanoscale carriers, comprising vesicles of amphiphilic cyclodextrin, the target biomolecules and linker molecules with an azobenzene unit and a charged functionality. The non‐covalent linker binds to the cyclodextrin by host–guest complexation with the azobenzene. Proteins or DNA are then bound to the functionalized vesicles through multivalent electrostatic attraction. The photoresponse of the host–guest complex allows a light‐induced switch from the multivalent state that can bind the biomolecules to the low‐affinity state of the free linker, thereby providing external control over the cargo release. The major advantage of this delivery approach is the wide variety of targets that can be addressed by multivalent electrostatic interaction, which we demonstrate on four types of DNA and six different proteins.
Ln3Q9 as a Molecular Framework for Ion‐Size‐Driven Assembly of Heterolanthanide (Nd, Er, Yb) Multiple Near‐Infrared Emitters
Authors: Artizzu Flavia , Quochi Francesco , Marchiò Luciano , Correia Raquel Fonseca , Saba Michele , Serpe Angela , Mura Andrea , Mercuri Maria Laura , Bongiovanni Giovanni , Deplano Paola 
Published: January 2015

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Flavia Artizzu and Paola Deplano at the University of Cagliari (Italy). The image depicts the Three Graces of Canova, illustrating an assembly of three entities, as does the Ln3Q9 molecular framework with three different NIR‐luminescent lanthanide ions. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201405634.
Patient navigation based on predictive modeling decreases no‐show rates in cancer care
Authors: Percac‐Lima Sanja , Cronin Patrick R. , Ryan David P. , Chabner Bruce A. , Daly Emily A. , Kimball Alexandra B. 
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUNDPatient adherence to appointments is key to improving outcomes in health care. “No‐show” appointments contribute to suboptimal resource use. Patient navigation and telephone reminders have been shown to improve cancer care and adherence, particularly in disadvantaged populations, but may not be cost‐effective if not targeted at the appropriate patients.METHODSIn 5 clinics within a large academic cancer center, patients who were considered to be likely (the top 20th percentile) to miss a scheduled appointment without contacting the clinic ahead of time (“no‐shows”) were identified using a predictive model and then randomized to an intervention versus a usual‐care group. The intervention group received telephone calls from a bilingual patient navigator 7 days before and 1 day before the appointment.RESULTSOver a 5‐month period, of the 40,075 appointments scheduled, 4425 patient appointments were deemed to be at high risk of a “no‐show” event. After the patient navigation intervention, the no‐show rate in the intervention group was 10.2% (167 of 1631), compared with 17.5% in the control group (280 of 1603) (P<.001). Reaching a patient or family member was associated with a significantly lower no‐show rate (5.9% and 3.0%, respectively; P<.001 and .006, respectively) compared with leaving a message (14.7%: P = .117) or no contact (no‐show rate, 21.6%: P = .857).CONCLUSIONSTelephone navigation targeted at those patients predicted to be at high risk of visit nonadherence was found to effectively and substantially improve patient adherence to cancer clinic appointments. Further studies are needed to determine the long‐term impact on patient outcomes, but short‐term gains in the optimization of resources can be recognized immediately. Cancer 2015;121:1662–1670. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
FRET Enhancement in Aluminum Zero‐Mode Waveguides
Authors: de Torres Juan , Ghenuche Petru , Moparthi Satish Babu , Grigoriev Victor , Wenger Jérôme 
Published: January 2015

AbstractZero‐mode waveguides (ZMWs) can confine light into attoliter volumes, which enables single molecule fluorescence experiments at physiological micromolar concentrations. Of the fluorescence spectroscopy techniques that can be enhanced by ZMWs, Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is one of the most widely used in life sciences. Combining zero‐mode waveguides with FRET provides new opportunities to investigate biochemical structures or follow interaction dynamics at micromolar concentrations with single‐molecule resolution. However, prior to any quantitative FRET analysis on biological samples, it is crucial to establish first the influence of the ZMW on the FRET process. Here, we quantify the FRET rates and efficiencies between individual donor–acceptor fluorophore pairs that diffuse into aluminum zero‐mode waveguides. Aluminum ZMWs are important structures thanks to their commercial availability and the large amount of literature that describe their use for single‐molecule fluorescence spectroscopy. We also compared the results between ZMWs milled in gold and aluminum, and found that although gold has a stronger influence on the decay rates, the lower losses of aluminum in the green spectral region provide larger fluorescence brightness enhancement factors. For both aluminum and gold ZMWs, we observed that the FRET rate scales linearly with the isolated donor decay rate and the local density of optical states. Detailed information about FRET in ZMWs unlocks their application as new devices for enhanced single‐molecule FRET at physiological concentrations.
Direct CH Arene Homocoupling over Gold Nanoparticles Supported on Metal Oxides
Authors: Ishida Tamao , Aikawa Shohei , Mise Yoshiyuki , Akebi Ryota , Hamasaki Akiyuki , Honma Tetsuo , Ohashi Hironori , Tsuji Tetsuro , Yamamoto Yasushi , Miyasaka Mitsuru , Yokoyama Takushi , Tokunaga Makoto 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe direct CH/CH bond coupling of dimethyl phthalate was performed successfully over supported gold nanoparticle catalysts. Gold on reducible metal oxides, such as Co3O4, and on inert oxides that have an oxygen‐releasing capacity, such as ZrO2, showed the highest catalytic activity for the production of biphenyl tetracarboxylate using O2 as the sole oxidant. Supported Pd(OH)2 also catalyzed the reaction, but the catalytic activity was inferior to that of gold. Moreover, the gold catalysts exhibited excellent regioselectivity for the synthesis of valuable 3,3′,4,4′‐tetrasubstituted biphenyls by coupling with each other at the 4‐position without the need for additional ligands. Gold catalysts also promoted the oxidative homocoupling of arenes including o‐xylene to give symmetrical biaryls with high regioselectivity. X‐ray absorption fine structure measurements revealed that the catalytically active species was Au0 and that the lattice oxygen of Co3O4 played an important role in the gold‐catalyzed oxidative coupling. The results of the kinetic studies were consistent with an electrophilic aromatic substitution pathway. Regioselectivity is not controlled by directing groups or the electronic character of the substituents but by steric hindrance, which suggests that gold nanoparticles not only catalyze the oxidative coupling but also act as bulky ligands to control the regioselectivity.
Selective Aerobic Oxidation of HMF to 2,5‐Diformylfuran on Covalent Triazine Frameworks‐Supported Ru Catalysts
Authors: Artz Jens , Mallmann Sabrina , Palkovits Regina 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe selective aerobic oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5‐diformylfuran has been performed under mild conditions at 80 °C and 20 bar of synthetic air in methyl t‐butyl ether. Ru clusters supported on covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) allowed excellent selectivity and superior catalytic activity compared to other support materials such as activated carbon, γ‐Al2O3, hydrotalcite, or MgO. CTFs with varying pore size, specific surface area, and N content could be prepared from different monomers. The structural properties of the CTF materials influence the catalytic activity of Ru/CTF significantly in the aerobic oxidation of HMF, which emphasizes the superior activity of mesoporous CTFs. Recycling of the catalysts is challenging, but promising methods to maintain high catalytic activity were developed that facilitate only minor deactivation in five consecutive recycling experiments.
A comparison of hydrologic models for ecological flows and water availability
Authors: Caldwell Peter V. , Kennen Jonathan G. , Sun Ge , Kiang Julie E. , Butcher Jon B. , Eddy Michele C. , Hay Lauren E. , LaFontaine Jacob H. , Hain Ernie F. , Nelson Stacy A. C. , McNulty Steve G. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractRobust hydrologic models are needed to help manage water resources for healthy aquatic ecosystems and reliable water supplies for people, but there is a lack of comprehensive model comparison studies that quantify differences in streamflow predictions among model applications developed to answer management questions. We assessed differences in daily streamflow predictions by four fine‐scale models and two regional‐scale monthly time step models by comparing model fit statistics and bias in ecologically relevant flow statistics (ERFSs) at five sites in the Southeastern USA. Models were calibrated to different extents, including uncalibrated (level A), calibrated to a downstream site (level B), calibrated specifically for the site (level C) and calibrated for the site with adjusted precipitation and temperature inputs (level D). All models generally captured the magnitude and variability of observed streamflows at the five study sites, and increasing level of model calibration generally improved performance. All models had at least 1 of 14 ERFSs falling outside a +/−30% range of hydrologic uncertainty at every site, and ERFSs related to low flows were frequently over‐predicted. Our results do not indicate that any specific hydrologic model is superior to the others evaluated at all sites and for all measures of model performance. Instead, we provide evidence that (1) model performance is as likely to be related to calibration strategy as it is to model structure and (2) simple, regional‐scale models have comparable performance to the more complex, fine‐scale models at a monthly time step. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulation of Biomass Gasification and Application in Pilot Plant
Authors: He Tao , Han Dezhi , Wu Jingli , Li Jianqing , Wang Zhiqi , Wu Jinhu 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn the present work, a revised equilibrium model (gas–solid) was built. The temperature approach to equilibrium for the methane cracking reaction was specified to improve the prediction accuracy. The model was applied and validated in pilot scale experiments using a 150 kg h−1 two‐stage downdraft gasifier and a gasifier from the Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN). The type of gasification agent is a dominant factor that determines product gas composition, quality, and end‐use. A theoretical analysis of the effect of gasifying agent on product gas quality and process efficiency was executed based on the model calculation. The optimal operation conditions were established for the three (air, steam, oxygen–steam) gasification processes. For air gasification, an optimal value of equivalence ratio (ER) of 0.31 corresponds to the maximum gasification efficiency. The optimal range of steam/carbon ratio (SR) is between 0.7 and 0.8 for the equilibrium of the water–gas shift and steam reforming reactions. For autothermal oxygen–steam gasification, the H2 concentration reaches the highest value for SR=1.0.