bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Cephalaria Syriaca Flour on the Quality of Sunn Pest (Eurygaster Integriceps)‐Damaged Wheat
Authors: Başar Şule , Karaoğlu M. Murat , Boz Hüseyin 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe effects of Cephalaria syriaca flour on the quality of sunn pest‐damaged wheat were investigated. Sunn pest‐damaged wheat was blended into sound wheat at different levels (5, 10 and 15%). C. syriaca flour was then added at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% levels. The rheological properties of sunn pest‐damaged wheat flour with added C. syriaca flour were considerably improved, in particular with regard to farinograph characteristics (dough stability, mixing tolerance index [MTI] and degree of softening [DS]) and instrumental textural properties (area and maximum resistance) compared to control. The dough stability value increased significantly (P < 0.01) as C. syriaca flour level increased for all sunn pest‐damaged wheat levels. The addition of sunn pest‐damaged wheat at 15% level greatly increased the MTI and DS values of dough (202.5 and 282.5 BU); however, the addition of 1.5% C. syriaca to this blend significantly decreased these values (87 and 94.5 BU; P < 0.01).Practical ApplicationsA large number of optional ingredients are included in bread formulation to improve its bread‐making quality. Cephalaria syriaca is traditionally used to improve the rheological properties of dough by farmers living in some part of Turkey. The addition of C. syriaca flour to sunn pest‐damaged wheat significantly affected the physical, technological and rheological properties of the sunn pest‐damaged wheat flour and dough and improved the bread‐making quality. Thus, the deteriorated dough‐kneading properties induced by sunn pest‐damaged wheat can be slightly improved by C. syriaca flour supplementation.
Effect of Statin Therapy on Fibrous Cap Thickness in Coronary Plaques Using Optical Coherence Tomography: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zheng Guian , Chen Jiandong , Lin Chunyi , Huang Xiaohong , Lin Jinxiu 
Published: October 2015

ObjectivesWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the effect of statin therapy on coronary fibrous cap thickness (FCT) as assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the relationship between FCT and traditional coronary risk factors.BackgroundIncreasing evidence has shown that statin therapy results in a marked increase in coronary FCT. However, the relationship between this increase in FCT and the lipid profile has not been clearly elucidated.MethodsA literature search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to March 17, 2015 was performed. Studies providing data on FCT using OCT at baseline and follow‐up in patients receiving statin therapy were included. Weighted mean difference (WMD) with a random‐effects model was used.ResultsSix OCT studies were included. The FCT in coronary plaques was significantly increased after statin therapy (WMD: 58.79 μm, 95% CI 33.82–83.76 μm, P < 0.001). When compared with the placebo group, the increase in FCT was also greater in the statin group (WMD: 72.28 μm, 95% CI 44.97–99.58 μm, P < 0.001). Meta regression analysis demonstrated no significant correlations between the increase in FTC and the changes in total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels during follow‐up. Similarly, there were no significant correlations between the increase in FCT and age, male gender, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking.ConclusionsStatin therapy induced a significant increase in coronary FCT evaluated by OCT. This increase in FCT was independent of traditional coronary risk factors including the lipid profile. (J Interven Cardiol 2015;28:514–522)
Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Ceramic and Resin Composite Material Used for Conservative Indirect Restorations, after Repolishing by Intraoral Means
Authors: Vrochari Areti D. , Petropoulou Aikaterini , Chronopoulos Vasilios , Polydorou Olga , Massey Ward , Hellwig Elmar 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate and compare the mean surface roughness (Ra) of one ceramic and one resin composite material used for indirect restorations, after grinding and repolishing by intraoral means.Materials and MethodsThe materials used were the lithium disilicate glass ceramic IPS e.max Press (EMP) and the indirect resin composite restoration system Gradia (GR). Twelve specimen disks were prepared from each material according to the manufacturer of each material. Five initial measurements of the Ra (Ra1) were made on each specimen as a referral basis, and the specimens were ground with a fine (red) diamond bur. The specimens were repolished using (a) Komet Dialite Polishing Kit for EMP and (b) Enhance Finishing and Polishing System and Prisma Gloss Polishing Paste for GR. Five final Ra (Ra2) measurements were performed on each specimen. All measurements were made using a laser profilometer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also used to visualize the initial surface morphology and the morphological changes on the specimens’ surface after repolishing.ResultsA highly significant difference was found between Ra1EMP and Ra2EMP (p < 0.001), between Ra1GR and Ra2GR (p < 0.001), as well as between Ra2EMP and Ra2GR (p < 0.001), when compared in pairs. A highly significant difference (p < 0.001) was also found between ΔRaEMP and ΔRaGR, with ΔRaGR being higher than ΔRaEMP. The RaGR values were higher than the RaEMP values at all times. SEM revealed that both EMP and GR repolished surfaces presented with irregularities; however, in GR specimens major voids and craters were present.ConclusionsEMP was found to perform better when polished by intraoral means compared with GR. Both materials exhibited Ra2 above the critical threshold for increased plaque accumulation and periodontal inflammation. If enamel‐to‐enamel roughness found in occlusal contact areas is considered as baseline, both materials were clinically acceptable after repolishing.
Adam Smith, Ethicist
Authors: McRorie Christina 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis essay argues that Adam Smith's political economy is premised upon a moral anthropology, and that greater attention to Smith from religious ethicists may both improve Smith scholarship and deepen dialogue on economic themes within the field of religious ethics. It does so first by surveying common readings of Smith and noting that engagement of his work within religious ethics and theology tends to rely on misconceptions prevalent in these readings. It then outlines the moral psychology that links Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments and Wealth of Nations and explains the importance of this moral psychology for Smith's ambivalent analysis of commercial society. Reflecting on the case of Smith's work, it concludes by arguing that attention from religious ethicists may also improve contemporary political economic debates, given that they are often premised upon latent assumptions about moral anthropology.
Holocaust Abuse
Authors: Sells Michael A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis essay reconsiders the category of “Holocaust denial” as the marked indicator of ethical transgression inHolocaust historiography withinAmerican civil religion. It maintains that the present category excludes and thereby enables other violations of responsible Holocaust historiography. To demonstrate the nature and gravity of such violations, the essay engages the widespread claim thatHajjMuhammadAmin al‐Husayni, the former mufti ofJerusalem, was an instigator, promoter, or “driving spirit” of theNazi genocide againstJews, and the associated suggestions of widerArab andMuslim complicity. The essay uncovers the history of theHusayni narrative in question, the dramatic circumstances in which it emerged, its role in the 1961 trial ofAdolfEichmann, and its rediscovery and misuse withinAmerican popular and political circles over the past two decades. Such misuse, it concludes, corrodesHolocaust recognition withinAmerican civil religion and demonstrates the need for a revision of the socially accepted ethical boundary for responsibleHolocaust historiography.
Identification and regulation of host genes related to Rice stripe virus symptom production
Authors: Shi Bingbin , Lin Lin , Wang Shihui , Guo Qin , Zhou Hong , Rong Lingling , Li Junmin , Peng Jiejun , Lu Yuwen , Zheng Hongying , Yang Yong , Chen Zhuo , Zhao Jinping , Jiang Tong , Song Baoan , Chen Jianping , Yan Fei 
Published: October 2015

Summary

Viral infections cause plant chlorosis, stunting, necrosis or other symptoms. The down‐regulation of chloroplast‐related genes (ChRGs) is assumed to be responsible for chlorosis.

We identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Rice stripe virus (RSV)‐infected Nicotiana benthamiana, and examined the contribution of 75 down‐regulated DEGs to RSV symptoms by silencing them one by one using Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)‐induced gene silencing.

Silencing of 11 of the 75 down‐regulated DEGs caused plant chlorosis, and nine of the 11 were ChRGs. Silencing of a down‐regulated DEG encoding the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) caused leaf‐twisting and stunting that were visible on RSV‐infected N. benthamiana. A region of RSV RNA4 was complementary to part of eIF4A mRNA and virus‐derived small interfering (vsiRNAs) from that region were present in infected N. benthamiana. When expressed as artificial microRNAs, those vsiRNAs could target NbeIF4A mRNA for regulation.

We provide experimental evidence supporting the association of ChRGs with chlorosis and show that eIF4A is involved in RSV symptom development. This is also the first report demonstrating that siRNA derived directly from a plant virus can target a host gene for regulation.
Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Test to the Diagnosis of Canine Brucellosis Caused by Brucella canis
Authors: Keid LB , Diniz JA , Oliveira TMFS , Ferreira HL , Soares RM 
Published: October 2015

ContentsThis study evaluated the performance of an immunochromatographic test (ICT) for the diagnosis of canine brucellosis caused by Brucella canis, comparing its results with that of the rapid slide agglutination test with and without the use of 2‐mercaptoethanol and the agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID). The microbiological culture, PCR and clinical examination were used as reference. According to the results obtained in clinical examination, blood culture, culture of semen and vaginal swab and PCR in blood, semen and vaginal swab, a total of 102 dogs were divided into three groups: B. canis‐infected dogs (Group 1), B. canis‐non‐infected dogs (Group 2) and dogs with suspected brucellosis (Group 3). The diagnostic sensitivity of RSAT, 2ME‐RSAT, AGID and ICT in Group 1 was, respectively, 75%, 37.5%, 27.8% and 89.58%. The diagnostic specificity of RSAT, 2ME‐RSAT, AGID and ICT in Group 2 was, respectively, 91%, 100%, 100%, and 100%. In dogs with suspected brucellosis, 9.67% were RSAT positive, none was positive by 2ME‐RSAT, 3.22% were AGID positive and 6.45% were ICT positive. The main drawback concerning canine brucellosis diagnosis is the lack of a highly sensitive serological assay to be used as a screening test to the rapid identification of infected animals. The ICT showed a high diagnostic specificity and a diagnostic sensitivity value greater than that observed in the RSAT, 2ME‐RSAT and AGID. However, 10.41% of infected dogs had negative results by ICT. These dogs were positive by microbiological culture and/or PCR, indicating active infection and consequently a higher potential of spreading Brucella. Although rapid and simple to perform, the ICT lacked sensitivity to be used as a screening test.
ThoracicSociety ofAustralia andNewZealand oxygen guidelines for acute oxygen use in adults: ‘Swimming between the flags’
Authors: Beasley Richard , Chien Jimmy , Douglas James , Eastlake Leonie , Farah Claude , King Gregory , Moore Rosemary , Pilcher Janine , Richards Michael , Smith Sheree , Walters Haydn 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe purpose of theThoracicSociety ofAustralia andNewZealand guidelines is to provide simple, practical evidence‐based recommendations for the acute use of oxygen in adults in clinical practice. The intended users are all health professionals responsible for the administration and/or monitoring of oxygen therapy in the management of acute medical patients in the community and hospital settings (excluding perioperative and intensive care patients), those responsible for the training of such health professionals, and both public and private health care organizations that deliver oxygen therapy.
Progradational and backstepping shoreface deposits in the Ladinian to Early Norian Snadd Formation of the Barents Sea
Authors: Klausen Tore G. , Ryseth Alf , Helland‐Hansen William , Gjelberg Helge K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractShoreface sandstone deposits within the Early Carnian part of the Snadd Formation of the Norwegian Barents Sea can be traced for hundreds of kilometres in the depositional strike direction and for tens of kilometres in the depositional‐dip direction. This study uses three‐dimensional seismic attribute mapping and two‐dimensional regional seismic profiles to visualize the seismic facies of these shoreface deposits and to map their internal stratigraphic architecture at a regional scale. The shoreface deposits are generally elongate but show variable width from north‐east to south‐west, which corresponds to a sediment source in the northern part of the basin and a southward decrease in longshore sediment transport. The Snadd Formation presents an example of how large‐scale progradational shoreface deposits develop. The linear nature of its shoreface deposits contrasts with more irregular, cuspate wave‐dominated deltaic shorelines that contain river outlets, and instead implies longshore drift as the main sediment source. In map view, discrete sets of linear features bounded by truncation surfaces scale directly to beach ridge sets in modern counterparts. The shoreface deposits studied here are characteristic in terms of scale and basin‐wide continuity, and offer insight into the contrast between shallow marine deposition under stable Triassic Greenhouse and fluctuating Holocene Icehouse climates. Findings presented herein are also important for hydrocarbon exploration in the Barents Sea, because they describe a hitherto poorly understood reservoir play in the Triassic interval, wherein the most prominent reservoir plays have so far been considered to be found in channelized deposits in net‐progradational delta‐plain strata that form the topsets to shelf‐edge clinoforms. The documented presence of widespread wave‐dominated shoreface deposits also has implications for how the relative importance of different sedimentary processes is considered within the basin during this period.
FDI Spatial Spillovers in China
Authors: Lin Mi , Kwan Yum K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper studies FDI spatial spillovers in China. Empirical investigation reveals that, along the spatial dimension, FDI presence tends to generate negative intraregional spillovers that dominate other potential positive externalities. The direction, magnitude and scope of inter‐regional spillovers vary, depending on the spillover channels. Our empirical findings call for a rethinking of policy‐driven agglomeration among indigenous firms and MNEs in developing countries.
EFFECT OF ALIGNMENT ON THE QUALITY OF BENDER ELEMENT PROCEDURE
Authors: Alshameri Badee , Bakar Ismail , Madun Aziman , Mohamad Edy Tonnizam 
Published: October 2015

One of the main geophysical tools (seismic tools) in the laboratory is the bender element. This tool can be used to measure some dynamic soil properties (e.g. shear and Young’s modulus). However, even if it relatively simple to use the bender element, inconsistent testing procedures can cause poor quality in the bender element data. One of the bender element procedure that always neglected is the alignment (different positions of bender element receiver to the transmitter in the vertical axis). The alignment effect was evaluated via changing the horizontal distance between transmitter and receiver starting from 0 to 110 mm for two sizes of the sample's thickness (i.e. 63.17 mm and 91.51 mm). Five methods were applied to calculate the travel times. Those methods were as the following: visually, first-peak, maximum-peak, CCexcel and CCGDS. In general, the experiments indicated uncertain results for both of the P-wave (primary wave) and S-wave (secondary wave) velocities at zone of Dr:D above 0.5:1 (where Dr is the horizontal distance of the receiver from the vertical axis and D is the thickness of the sample). On the other hand, both the visual and first-peak methods show the wave velocities results are higher than obtained from other methods. However, the ratio between the amplitude of transmitter signals to receiver amplitude signal was taken to calculate the damping-slope of the P-wave and S-wave. Thus the results from damping slope show steeply slope when the ratio of Dr:D is above 0.5:1 compare with gentle slope below ratio 0.5:1 at the sample with thickness equal to 91.51 mm, while there is no variation at a slope in sample with thickness equal to 63.17 mm.
THERMAL AND RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF RECYCLED RUBBER/NATURAL RUBBER BLENDS IN RECYCLE TIRE PROCESS
Authors: Amir Amalina , Saad Nor Hayati , Ramli Azri Shahmi , Abd Rashid Amirul , Yusoff Noriah , Abdullah Nik Rosli , Kasolang Salmiah , Jaffar Ahmed 
Published: October 2015

The usage of recycled rubber in tire production is not common. This paper mainly focuses on feasibility of recycled tire to be used in production, particularly on thermal and rheological behavior of the blended recycled rubber and natural rubber. The investigation has been conducted on the blend of recycled rubber (RR) and natural rubber to determine the suitable composition of RR and SMR (Standard Malaysian Rubber) for the manufacturing of tire thread. RR which was taken from the thread of lorry tires was blended with two natural rubber types; SMR-L and SMR-10 at different mass ratio. The thermal characteristic was studied using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) while Capillary rheometer and Mooney viscometer was used to study the rheology behavior of the blends. It was found that SMR-10 has increased the thermal stability of the blend as opposed to SMR-L. Both natural rubber blends show similar relationship between shear viscosity and shear rates but SMR-10/RR blends exhibit higher viscosity than SMR-L/RR blends based on Mooney viscosity analysis.
SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF PEAK TEMPERATURE IN WELD ZONES DURING FRICTION STIR PROCESS
Authors: Jaffarullah M. Shamil , Busu Nur’Amirah , Yee Low Cheng , Saedon J. B. , Armansyah Armansyah , Shaari Mohd Saiful Bahari , Jaffar Ahmed 
Published: October 2015

A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model was created to simulate the friction stir welding process of 6063-T5 aluminum alloy. The analysis studies the fundamental knowledge of FSW process with respect to temperature difference in material to be joined and to simulate the temperature distribution in the workpiece as a result of a Friction Stir Welding. The simulation uses HyperMesh and HyperView solver from Altair Hyperworks. The simulation provides better understanding for the peak temperature distribution in the friction stir process. Two cases have (i) constant traverse speed, but varying been simulated rotational speed, and (ii) constant rotational speed, but varying traverse speeds. Simulation results show the peak temperatures increased when the traverse and rotational speeds were increased.
EFFECTS OF AIR INTAKE TEMPERATURE ON THE FUEL CONSUMPTION AND EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF NATURAL ASPIRATED GASOLINE ENGINE
Authors: Abdullah Nik Rosli , Ismail Hazimi , Michael Zeno , Ab. Rahim Asiah , Sharudin Hazim 
Published: October 2015

Improving fuel consumption with lower exhaust emissions give more focused to all car manufactures. A higher engine performance with lower exhaust emissions requires a complete mixing process resulted in ultra-lean high combustion efficiency. Air intake temperature is one of the alternative strategies to improve fuel consumption and reduced exhaust emissions. This is due to the cold air is denser and contain higher oxygen availability. Air intake temperature will affect to the oxygen concentration in the charged air that influence the combustion process through ignition delay and fuel burning rate. The objective of this experiment is to investigate the effects of air intake temperature to the fuel consumption and exhaust emission at variation of engine speeds and constant load by using 1.6L gasoline engine. Air intake temperature was changed from 20 °C to 30 °C. The DaTAQ Pro V2 software was used to measure the engine fuel consumption while gas analyzer (MRU Gas Analyzer) was used to measure the exhaust emission such as Unburned hydrocarbons (UHCs) and carbon monoxide (CO). The results showed that fuel consumption, UHCs and CO emissions increased with the increase of air intake temperature. The increase of air intake temperature resulted in advanced and shorter combustion duration. Higher oxygen concentration at lower air intake temperature leads to the complete mixing process and complete combustion. Therefore, the experimental results can be concluded that the lower air intake temperature resulted in improved fuel consumption and reduced UHCs and CO emissions.
CFD CHARACTERIZATION OF FLOW PATTERN AROUND ENDOTHELIAL CELL IN DENGUE INFECTION WITH PLASMA LEAKAGE
Authors: Kaliwantoro Nur , Soesatyo Marsetyawan HNE , Indarto Indarto , Juffrie Mohammad , Dharmastiti Rini , Tauviqirrahman Mohammad 
Published: October 2015

Plasma leakage is the pathological hall mark in dengue infection and may cause fatal condition to the patients. In this paper, the CFD (computational fluid dynamic) model is adopted to characterize the flow on the endothelial cells surface with plasma leakage based on in vitro experiments of HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cell) culture on the permeable membrane. The computational domain used is a simplified model of single cell. At the leading edge of the domain and among the membranes, the gaps are modeled as a representation of cell-cell junction breakdown caused by dengue virus infection. The result shows that at the leading edge , the fluid starts to move more quickly and increases to the maximum value at the middle of the cell and then drops to zero at the trailing edge. From the physical point of view, this result describes that there is a variation of the values of the wall shear stress due to the velocity gradient. These results can be considered as a first step to develop the ways of the prevention of the dengue infection through manipulation the shear stress to reduce the potency of dengue virus to attach the cell surface.