bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement and Evaluation of the Alar Base in Unilateral Secondary Lip Nasal Deformities by Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography
Authors: Wu Yilai , Yang Yusheng , Chen Yang , Zhang Yong , Wang Guomin 
Published: November 2013

Objective This study aimed to analyze the asymmetry of the pyriform aperture and alar base in patients with unilateral secondary nasal deformities by three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT). Methods 3D-CT images of the subject group of 101 adult patients and of a control group of 65 normal adults were examined. Sixty-nine patients without alveolar bone grafting (ABG) were classified as Group A, and 32 patients with ABG were classified as Group B. Seven landmarks (INM, LPA, IPA, Gbase, Gsup, Glat, and Sbal) were measured for both the subject and control groups, and comparative analyses were done to assess the degree of asymmetry in the subject group. Results For over 95% of Group A and 80% to 85% of Group B, the index of LPA and IPA showed asymmetry or marked asymmetry. The index of Gbase, Glat, Gsup, and Sbal showed symmetry for around 50% of Group A and about 60% of Group B. In Group A, dorsal, lateral, and caudal translocation was found on the cleft side in LPA and IPA, while all soft landmarks showed dorsal translocation. In Group B, caudal translocation was found in both LPA and IPA, but only LPA appeared dorsal on the cleft side, while Glat showed dorsal and caudal translocation. Conclusion The results indicated that the degree of asymmetry of hard tissue landmarks far exceeded that of the soft tissue landmarks, and the degree of asymmetry of pyriform aperture was higher than expected for patients after ABG.
Synthesis and characterization of ultrafine tungsten samples produced by plasma-activated sintering
Authors: Manigandan Kannan , Srivatsan Tirumalai S. , Sudarshan Tirumalai S. 
Published: November 2013

Plasma-activated sintering was used to densify micron-size tungsten powders to obtain bulk samples. This sintering technique offers the capability of producing bulk samples having a very high density. The average size of the starting tungsten powder particles was 4·61 µm. Using a combination of pressure and temperature, during sintering, 11 different samples were prepared. The bulk samples were produced over a range of pressure from 41 to 61 MPa. At selected pressure levels of 47–61 MPa, the bulk samples produced were sintered at different temperatures. Microstructural observations and density measurements provide evidence for the presence of porosity at both the microscopic and macroscopic levels. The extrinsic influence of processing parameters used during sintering, namely, pressure and temperature, on microstructural development to include the presence, size and distribution of porosity, density, microhardness, nanohardness and stiffness is presented and discussed.
Institutionalized Online Access to Corporate Information and Cost of Equity Capital: A Cross-Country Analysis
Authors: Rahman Asheq Razaur , Debreceny Roger S. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
The demand for online information in stock markets around the world has led to many stock exchanges requiring the disclosure of information on listed corporations through the stock exchange website. We examine the impact of online access to corporate information on stock exchange websites on market transparency. We posit that institutionalized online information dissemination is likely to reduce the level of information asymmetry in stock markets. To increase the spread in the types of markets and market features in our sample, we expand the sample size of 40 or fewer countries commonly used in recent cross-country studies to 110 countries. Our proxy for the level of information asymmetry in stock markets is the cost of equity capital (COE). We examine the online availability of corporate information on the websites of the stock exchanges (AVAILABILITY) of the 110 countries, and find that there is a negative association between COE and AVAILABILITY. Further analysis shows that this association is stronger for emerging market countries, equity-based (common law) countries, and low press transparency countries. We conclude that while institutionalized online information dissemination is beneficial to all capital markets, it mostly benefits emerging capital markets, equity-based markets (common law countries) and markets with weaker alternative information sources.
Decentralized Task Assignment and Centralized Contracting: On the Optimal Allocation of Authority
Authors: Reichmann Steffen , Rohlfing-Bastian Anna 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
To provide efficient incentives, the three components of an incentive system (i.e., performance measurement, rewards, and the allocation of decision rights) need to be balanced against each other. In practice, the authority to decide on these components is frequently distributed across hierarchical levels, thus requiring adjusting centralized decisions with regard to decentralized authority. This paper investigates the centralized design of incentive contracts when decision authority, with respect to the allocation of tasks, is delegated to lower hierarchical levels. It provides an analysis of the optimal allocation of authority (i.e., “who should be the boss”) and considers the interdependencies between organizational design choices and the design of optimal incentives.
Badanie wpływu ładunku utleniacza na charakterystyki energetyczne strumienia gazów prochowych silnika rakietowego na paliwo stałe
Authors: Pietraszek Mariusz , Klemba Tomasz 
Published: November 2013

Streszczenie W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu ładunku utleniacza na charakterystyki pracy silnika rakietowego, w kontekście przeciwdziałania pompażowi silnika śmigłowca. Homogeniczne paliwo stałe silnika rakietowego charakteryzuje się ujemnym bilansem tlenowym. W przypadku odpalania serią pocisków rakietowych napędzanych takim paliwem ze śmigłowca istnieje możliwość wystąpienia zjawiska pompażu, które może doprowadzić do zgaśnięcia jego silników. Wprowadzenie do komory spalania silnika rakietowego na paliwo stałe siarczanu (VI) potasu (II) jako inhibitora reakcji spalania paliwa rakietowego korzystnie zmienia charakterystyki energetyczne silnika rakietowego, jednocześnie nie wpływając na generowany ciąg. Zastosowanie utleniacza jako wkładu do silnika znacząco poprawia bezpieczeństwo odpalania rakiet ze statku powietrznego i nie wymusza zmian w konstrukcji silnika. Praca zawiera wyniki badań wpływu ładunku K2SO4, w postaci zaprasowanego pręta, na charakterystyki pracy silnika rakietowego Mk66. W trakcie badań na hamowni pionowej zmierzono ciąg oraz temperaturę gazów strumienia gazów wylotowych. Wyniki zestawiono z danymi dla oryginalnych silników.
Diagnozowanie i monitorowanie stanu technicznego elektrycznych pomp paliwowych statków powietrznych
Authors: Tokarski Tomasz , Gębura Andrzej 
Published: November 2013

Streszczenie W pracy omówiono wybrane problemy eksploatacyjne elektrycznych pomp paliwowych. Są one niezbędne do wytworzenia nadciśnienia przed pompą nurnikową silnika turboodrzutowego. Po jej awarii może dojść do zapowietrzenia pompy nurnikowej i zgaśnięcia silnika. Porównano zalety i wady dwóch typów elektrycznych napędów pomp paliwowych: trójfazowego prądu przemiennego 115/208 VG, 400 Hz i prądu stałego 28 V. Przedstawiono możliwości diagnozowania i monitorowania stanu technicznego elektrycznych pomp paliwowych przez ITWL.
Algorytmy sterowania mav w oparciu o analizę sygnałów wizyjnych
Authors: Wijaszka Mirosław 
Published: November 2013

Streszczenie W opracowaniu przedstawiono metody analizy obrazu wykorzystywane w wizyjnych systemach sterowania MAV. Rozważania przedstawiono w oparciu o hipotetyczny model MAV umieszczony w środowisku pozbawionym możliwości wykorzystania systemów GPS, wewnątrz budynku, model będzie się poruszał autonomicznie na podstawie rozpoznanych za pomocą kamery konturów i punktów charakterystycznych. W pracy przyjęto, że statek wykorzystuje niezależny system stabilizacji położenia zapewniający utrzymanie zerowych kątów pochylenia i przechylenia oraz stałej, zadanej wysokości. Na czole statku umieszczona jest kamera, której oś tworzy z osią statku w płaszczyźnie pionowej znany kąt β (20- 30°). Analizę obrazu oparto o bibliotekę OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision Library - http://opencv.willowgarage.com).
Variations in Mechanical Parameters of Rock Mass Affecting Shaft Lining / Zmiany Parametrów Mechanicznych Górotworu I Ich Wpływ Na Obudowę Szybową
Authors: Majcherczyk Tadeusz , Niedbalski Zbigniew , Wałach Daniel 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The paper presents geomechanical properties of rock mass occurring in the initial section of shaft lining during its execution. The shaft being sunk is surrounded with cohesive soils, mainly clays with sand layers and silts. Such lithology causes that in various levels some parts of strata are saturated with water. This results in a considerable changeability of soil properties in time. With high water content, the soil is washed away leading to local loss of contact between shaft lining and surrounding soils. This, in turn, results in lack of proper support for curbs and shaft lining fracture in some sections. Engineering activity in such a case should embrace sealing injections in selected parts of the shaft in order to resume proper reinforcement in the lining-rock mass system. The studies of the soils surrounding shaft lining were supposed to help design curbs with increased bearing capacity. The tests of soils indicated that the angle of internal friction and cohesion do change not only at different depths but also at the same depth in different points of perimeter. It was also observed during the study that the mechanical parameters of the analyzed soils improve as the distance from the shaft lining increases, which clearly indicates change of soil properties in the direct neighborhood of the shaft. Considerable number of tests carried out in the study allowed to determine the relationship between water content and angle of internal friction or soil cohesion. The determined relationships can help to estimate change of soil properties under the influence of water with considerable precision. The reinforcement of curbs executed with the use of ground anchors allowed for further shaft sinking. The tests of concrete used in the shaft carried out in the analyzed section produced results similar to the values assumed in the project.
Assessment of the Condition of Hoisting Ropes by Measuring their Geometric Parameters in a Three-Dimensional Image of their Surface / Metoda Oceny Stanu Lin Wyciągowych Poprzez Pomiar Parametrów Geometrycznych Na Trójwymiarowym Obrazie Ich Powierzchni
Authors: Olszyna Grzegorz , Sioma Andrzej , Tytko Andrzej 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This article discusses a vision method of measuring the geometric parameters of ropes and evaluating their wear based on measurements made in a three-dimensional projection of rope surface. The purposes of this method include assessment of the condition of all kinds of ropes working in the mining industry. The proposed method is novel, eliminates the shortcomings of previously used mandatory visual methods, removes their constraints, and is an important complement to magnetic methods. The article discusses the method of construction of a three-dimensional image based on mapping of the actual dimensions of the rope and on algorithms that allow determination of the parameters describing its basic geometrical dimensions and surface condition. The article discusses issues related to resolution of the vision system, resolution of laser beam analysis, and resolution relating to the measurement of the height profile on the surface of the rope. Based on the image constructed in such a way, measurements are presented in order to assess the dimensional parameters and surface defects in sample rope structures. Based on tests and analyses of the three-dimensional image, a range of inspection tasks using 3D vision systems is indicated.
Numerical Study of the Hydrodynamic Efficiency of the Multi-Stage Filter Setting Technology / Studium Numeryczne Efektywności Hydrodynamicznej Otworów Eksploatacyjnych Z Zastosowaniem Wielostopniowych Selektywnych Filtrów
Authors: Kuljabekov A.B. , Inkarbekov M.K , Tungatarova M.S. , Alibayeva K.A. , Kaltayev A. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this work the numerical study of the hydrodynamic efficiency of the multistage filters setting technology is carried out on the basis of mathematical simulation. Obtained results of a flow of solution in porous media near a wellbore qualitatively conform to the experimental data.
In calculations the well is considered as the high-permeability channel with the fictitious permeability coefficient depending on a filter construction (porosity, form of perforations). The results of calculation show that the fictitious permeability coefficient has deep influence on the fluid influx to the well and the distribution of flow rate on well height is not uniform. The developed model is used for the axisymmetric case.
Calculations were carried out for a single well; however it can be easily applied to solve the 3D problem with various sets of wells.
Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of the Mass Exchange Between Longwall Headings and Goafs, in the Presence of Methane Drainage in A U-Type Ventilated Longwall / Symulacja Numeryczna 3D Procesów Wymiany Masy W Układzie Wyrobiska Ścianowe Zroby, W Aspekcie Prowadzenia Odmetanowania Ściany Przewietrzanej Systemem Na „U”
Authors: Skotniczny Przemysław 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The phenomena related to the occurrence of methane in underground mines pose a considerable danger in the process of coal seam exploitation. Quite often, experimental analysis falls short of investigating their areas of origin (goafs area, affected rock mass, the tail gate area with abandoned excavation). Therefore, an invaluable tool for evaluating the risk involved in the exploitation process might be the numerical simulation of the phenomenon in question, carried out with the use of the latest CFD methods. Due to its application, we are able to recreate and predict the mechanism of the studied phenomenon, with certain assumptions and simplifications made.
The present paper discusses the results of the numerical simulation of the process of mass exchange occurring between affected rock mass and longwall headings. The calculations were performed for two test cases - 100 meter long walls.
Influence of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizers on Rheological Properties of Cement Slurries Used in Drilling Technologies / Wpływ Superplastyfikatorów Z Grupy Polikarboksylanów Na Właściwości Reologiczne Zaczynów Cementowych Stosowanych W Technologiach Wiertniczych
Authors: Stryczek Stanisław , Wiśniowski Rafał , Gonet Andrzej , Złotkowski Albert , Ziaja Jan 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Sealing slurries, mainly the cement-based ones, are concentrated dispersive systems, containing solid particles of considerably developed specific surface. Rheologically, such systems are very complex. This also stems from the fact that the rheological properties have a significant effect on:
• additives and admixtures modifying technological properties of fresh and set slurries,
• chemically complex mechanism of hydration in a slurry in a function of time.
Special attention should paid to plasticizing (plasticizers PL) and liquefying (traditional and new- -generation superplasticizers SP) admixtures affecting the modification and optimization of rheological properties of fresh cement slurries as far as providing efficiency of sealing of casing pipes is concerned.
Laboratory analyses were focused on proving the following thesis: properly selected type of superplasticizer [by BASF Polska Sp.z o.o. (The Chemical Company) - Admixtures for Concrete Division] advantageously affects the rheological parameters of sealing slurry based on metallurgical cement CEM III /A 32,5.
The following variables were used in the analyses:
• type of superplasticizer,
• type of batch fluid.
The laboratory experiments were made on superplasticizers produced by BASF:
• SKY 501,
• SKY 503,
• SKY 591,
• ACE 430,
• Glenium 115.
The superplasticizer concentration in the slurry was 0.5 wt% (as compared with mass of dry cement). Water to cement ratio for the analyzed sealing slurries was equal to 0.5. The sealing slurries were made of metallurgical cement CEM III/A 32,5 N-LH/HSR/N Lafarge Cement S.A. in Małogoszcz.
Modified Stability Charts for Rock Slopes Based on the Hoek-Brown Failure Criterion / Zmodyfikowane Diagramy Stabilności Skalistych Zboczy Otrzymane W Oparciu O Warunek Wytrzymałości Hoeka-Browna
Authors: Nekouei Mahdi , Ahangari Kaveh 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Only an article rendered by Lia et al. in 2008 has represented charts based on Hoek-Brown criterion for rock slopes, however, these charts are not precise and efficient. Because of this problem, a modification is suggested for the mentioned charts in this study. The new charts are calculated according to four methods. Among the methods, one relates to finite element method using Phase2 software. The other three methods are Janbu, Bishop and Fellenius that belong to limit equilibrium method by using Slide software. For each slope angle, the method having high correlation coefficient is selected as the best one. Then, final charts are rendered according to the selected method and its specific equations. Among forty equations, twenty-five ones or 62.5% relate to numerical method and Phase2 software, six ones or 15% belong to Fellenius limit equilibrium, six ones or 15% relate to Bishop limit equilibrium, and three ones or 7.5% belong to Janbu limit equilibrium. In order to validate new charts, slope stability analysis is carried out for several sections of Chadormalu iron ore open pit mine, Iran. The error percentage of new charts in limit equilibrium method using Slide software and in Bishop method for slopes of Chadormalu iron ore mine are rendered and compared. The charts on a basis of Hoek-Brown failure criterion for rock slopes show less than ±4% error. This indicates that these charts are appropriate tools and their safety factor is optimal for rock slopes.
Natural Gas and the Transformation of the Energy Sector in The Netherlands / Gaz Ziemny A Transformacja Sektora Energii W Holandii
Authors: Frączek Paweł , Kaliski Maciej , Siemek Paweł 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to discuss the conditions for the modernization of the energy sector in the Netherlands following the discovery of natural gas deposits in the country and a rapidly growing importance of this fuel. Hence the paper presents the essence of the model of transition management in the energy sector. It also shows the nature of changes in the structure of primary energy sources in the Netherlands and the decisive factors that led to the prominent role of natural gas in this country. These considerations formed the basis for discussion on the contemporary energy policy in the Netherlands.
Accuracy Estimation of the Approximated Methods Used for Assessing Risk of Buildings Damage Under the Influence of Underground Exploitation in the Light of World’s and Polish Experience – Part 2 / Analiza Dokładności Przybliżonych Metod Oceny Zagrożenia Budynków Wpływami Podziemnej Eksploatacji Stosowanych W Świecie I Polskiej Metody Punktowej – Część 2
Authors: Malinowska Agnieszka 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This paper is a continuation of theoretical analyses of World’s methods used for assessing damage risk to buildings with continuous strains, which were presented in Part 1. The authors focus only on those methods in which the scale of damage to buildings can be approximated. Selected methods were tested on 100 random objects sited in hard coal excavation-induced areas. The efficiency and effectiveness of those methods was evaluated. The damage risk was also verified with the use of a method currently used in Poland. The efficiency results obtained for World’s methods and the one used in Poland turned out to be comparable. Practical studies were made to evaluate the adaptability of those methods in the underground exploitation-induced conditions in Poland.
Influence of The Metamorphism Grade and Porosity of Hard Coal on Sorption and Desorption of Propane / Wpływ Stopnia Metamorfizmu I Porowatości Węgli Kamiennych Na Sorpcję I Desorpcję Propanu
Authors: Dudzińska Agnieszka , Żyła Mieczysław , Cygankiewicz Janusz 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this paper results of investigations of sorption of hard coal samples collected from the extracted coal seams of Polish coal mines are presented. As sorbate propane was used. Examinations were carried out in the temperature of 298 K by means of volumetric assessment with the use of apparatus ASAP 2010 of Micromeritics. On the basis of conducted examinations it has been found out that the amount of sorbed propane depend on a type of coal, its metamorphism grade, content of oxygen element, moisture and porosity of these coals. The greatest amounts of propane are sorbed by low carbonized, high-porosity coals of high content of oxygen and moisture. Sorption of relatively high amounts of propane by these coals (ca. 10 cm3/g) is a result of the influence of polar surface of coals with molecules of propane and good availability of internal microporous structure of these coals for molecules of examined sorbate. Medium and high carbonized coals sorb insignificant amounts of propane. These coals have compact structure and non-polar character of their surface, their internal porous structure is to a minor degree available for propane molecules in conditions of carried out research. Sorption of propane in this case, takes place mainly in surface pores and on the surface of coals. Moreover, measurements of desorption isotherms of propane showing irreversible character of sorption were made. Desorption isotherms do not come together with sorption isotherms forming open hysteresis loop. Amounts of non-desorbing propane remaining in the coal depend on the type of examined coal.
Plant Type Selection for Reclamation of Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine Using Fuzzy-Topsis Approach / Wybór Gatunków Roślin Do Wykorzystania W Projekcie Rekultywacji Terenów Kopalni Miedzi Sarcheshmeh Z Wykorzystaniem Metod Logiki Rozmytej Topsis
Authors: Ebrahimabadi Arash , Alavi Iraj 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Plant species selection is a multi-criteria evaluation decision and has a strategic importance for many companies. The conventional methods for plant species selection are inadequate for dealing with the imprecise or vague nature of linguistic assessment. To overcome this difficulty, fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making methods are proposed. The aim of this study is to use the fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (F.TOPSIS) methods for the selection of plant species in mine reclamation plan. Plant type selection and planting to protect the environment and the reclamation of the mine are some of the most important solutions. Therefore, the objective of the current research study is to choose the proper plant types for reclamation of Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine using Fuzzy-topsis method. In this regard, primarily, surrounding area of Sarcheshmeh copper mine, one of the world’s 10 biggest copper mine which is located near Kerman city of Iran, are surveyed, to choose the best plant type for reclamation of disturbance area. With this respect, based on reclamation plan, primary criteria were consisted of kinds of post mining land use, climate, and nature of soil. Comparison matrixes were then obtained based on experts’ opinion and plant types were subsequently prioritized using the Fuzzy Topsis method. Secondary factors considered through the analysis were as follows: perspective of the region, resistance against disease and insects, strength and method of growth, availability to plant type, economic efficiency, protection of soil, storing water, and prevention of pollution. Finally, suitable plant types in the mining perimeter were prioritized as: Amygdalus scoparia, Tamarix, Pistachio Wild, Ephedra, Astragalus, Salsola, respectively.