bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bulk reconstruction from generalized free fields
Authors: Nebabu Tamra , Qi Xiao-Liang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We propose a generalized protocol for constructing a dual free bulk theory from any boundary model of generalized free fields (GFFs). To construct the bulk operators, we employ a linear ansatz similar to the Hamilton-Kabat-Liftschytz-Lowe (HKLL) construction. However, unlike the HKLL construction, our protocol relies only on boundary data with no presupposed form for the bulk equations of motion, so our reconstructed bulk is fully emergent. For a (1+1)d bulk, imposing the bulk operator algebra as well as a causal structure is sufficient to determine the bulk operators and dynamics uniquely up to an unimportant local basis choice. We study the bulk construction for several two-sided SYK models with and without coupling between the two sides, and find good agreement with known results in the low-temperature conformal limit. In particular, we find bulk features consistent with the presence of a black hole horizon for the TFD state, and characterize the infalling fermion modes. We are also able to extract bulk quantities such as the curvature and bulk state correlators in terms of boundary quantities. In the presence of coupling between the two SYK models, we are able to observe evidence of the shockwave geometry and the traversable wormhole geometry using the two-sided mutual information between the reconstructed bulk operators. Our results show evidence that features of the geometric bulk can survive away from the low temperature conformal limit. Furthermore, the generality of the protocol allows it to be applied to other boundary theories with no canonical holographic bulk.
Flavor phenomenology of light dark vectors
Authors: Eguren Jordi Folch , Klingel Sophie , Stamou Emmanuel , Tabet Mustafa , Ziegler Robert 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Light dark matter with flavor-violating couplings to fermions may be copiously produced in the laboratory as missing energy from decays of SM particles. Here we study the effective Lagrangian of a light dark vector with generic dipole or vector couplings. We calculate the resulting two-body decay rates of mesons, baryons and leptons as a function of the dark vector mass and show that existing experimental limits probe UV scales as large as 1012 GeV. We also derive the general RGEs in order to constrain the flavor-universal UV scenario, where all flavor violation arises radiatively proportional to the CKM matrix.
Higgs interference effects in top-quark pair production in the 1HSM
Authors: Banfi Andrea , Kauer Nikolas , Lind Alexander , Lindert Jonas M. , Wood Ryan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present a next-to-leading-order (NLO) study of the process pp (→ {h1, h2}) →$$ t\overline{t} $$
t

t
¯

+ X in the 1-Higgs-singlet extension of the Standard Model with an additional heavy Higgs boson h2 that mixes with the light Higgs boson h1. This process is subject to large interference effects between loop-induced Higgs-mediated amplitudes and the QCD continuum background which tend to overcompensate any resonance contributions. A reliable modelling of the resulting top-pair invariant mass shapes requires the inclusion of higher-order QCD corrections, which are presented here. The computation of these NLO corrections is exact in all contributions but in the class of non-factorisable two-loop diagrams which are included in an approximate way such that all infrared singular limits are preserved. We present numerical results for several benchmark points with heavy Higgs masses in the range 700–3000 GeV considering the production of stable top quarks. We find that the interference effects dominate the BSM signal yielding sharp dip structures instead of resonance peaks. The significance and excludability of the BSM effect is explored for the LHC Run 2, Run 3 and HL-LHC.
The imprint of conservation laws on correlated particle production
Authors: Braun-Munzinger P. , Redlich K. , Rustamov A. , Stachel J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The study of event-by-event fluctuations of net-baryon number in a subspace of full phase space is a promising direction for deciphering the structure of strongly interacting matter created in collisions of relativistic heavy nuclei. Such fluctuations are generally suppressed by exact baryon number conservation. Moreover, the suppression is stronger if baryon number is conserved locally. In this report we present a conceptually new approach to quantify correlations in rapidity space between baryon-antibaryon, baryon-baryon, and antibaryon-antibaryon pairs and demonstrate their impact on net-baryon number fluctuations. For the special case of Gaussian rapidity distributions, we use the Cholesky factorization of the covariance matrix, while the general case is introduced by exploiting the well-known Metropolis and Simulated Annealing methods. The approach is based on the use of the canonical ensemble of statistical mechanics for baryon number and can be applied to study correlations between baryons as well as strange and/or charm hadrons. It can also be applied to describe relativistic nuclear collisions leading to the production of multi-particle final states. One application of our method is the search for formation of proton clusters at low collision energies emerging as a harbinger of the anticipated first-order chiral phase transition. In a first step, the results obtained are compared to the recent measurements from the CERN ALICE collaboration. Such investigations are key to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter and baryon production mechanisms at energy scales from several GeV to several TeV.
Coupled free fermion conformal field theories
Authors: Bouwknegt Peter , Han Bolin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study a specific class of CFTs that involve coupled free fermions, arising from parafermion CFTs and lattice constructions. We analyse their representation spaces and the underlying exclusion statistics of coupled free fermions using specific bases. In one particular case, we reveal an unexpected connection between the coset construction of parafermions, the lattice construction, and the orbifold thereof. This connection is supported by proving a range of character identities within the context of coupled free fermions. Simultaneously, we obtain explicit expressions of certain string functions in terms of Dedekind eta functions.
RNA or DNA? Revisiting the Chemical Nature of the Cenancestral Genome
Authors: Cottom-Salas Wolfgang , Becerra Arturo , Lazcano Antonio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOne of the central issues in the understanding of early cellular evolution is the characterisation of the cenancestor. This includes the description of the chemical nature of its genome. The disagreements on this question comprise several proposals, including the possibility that AlkB-mediated methylation repair of alkylated RNA molecules may be interpreted as evidence of a cenancestral RNA genome. We present here an evolutionary analysis of the cupin-like protein superfamily based on tertiary structure-based phylogenies that includes the oxygen-dependent AlkB and its homologs. Our results suggest that the repair of methylated RNA molecules is the outcome of the enzyme substrate ambiguity, and doesn´t necessarily indicates that the last common ancestor was endowed with an RNA genome.
Photosynthetic physiology and antioxidant compounds in Gracilaria cornea (Rhodophyta) under light modulation
Authors: Zepeda Enrique , Vásquez-Elizondo Román Manuel , Freile-Pelegrín Yolanda , Pliego-Cortés Hugo , Bourgougnon Nathalie , Robledo Daniel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGracilaria cornea was exposed to different irradiance intensities (low, moderate, and high) and light qualities (white and white + blue) in experimental cultures. Photosynthetic physiology was measured through daily growth rate, maximum photosynthesis, maximum photochemical efficiency, pigment content (chlorophyll a, phycobiliproteins, carotenoids), and elemental content of carbon and nitrogen. Gracilaria cornea effectively acclimated to low irradiance conditions and displayed tolerance to moderate irradiance, whereas high irradiance resulted in the deterioration of thalli. A decrease in maximum photochemical efficiency and maximum photosynthesis rate under high irradiance conditions was observed. Pigment content decreased during the acclimation period at high irradiance levels but increased when blue light was added under moderate irradiance conditions. The antioxidant capacity decreased in thalli exposed to high irradiance conditions, whereas the addition of blue light increased antioxidant capacity. Overall, the combination of white and blue light stimulated the accumulation of all evaluated compounds in G. cornea. Interestingly, higher values for photosynthesis, pigments, and certain antioxidants were observed under low irradiance conditions. These findings enhance our understanding of the adaptation strategies employed by G. cornea, potentially leading to improvements in indoor cultivation and the control of chemical compound production for nutraceutical applications.
Acceleration of Final Residual Solvent Extraction From Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Microparticles
Authors: Kias Florian , Bodmeier Roland 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The removal of the residual solvent dichloromethane from biodegradable poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles was investigated by aqueous or alcoholic wet extraction or vacuum-drying.

Methods
Microparticles were prepared by the O/W solvent extraction/evaporation method. The solidified microparticles were separated by filtration and the effect of subsequent drying and wet extraction methods were investigated. The residual solvent content was analysed with gas chromatography (organic solvents) and Karl Fischer titration (water). The effect of extraction conditions on microparticle aggregation, surface morphology and encapsulation of the drugs dexamethasone and risperidone was investigated.

Results
Residual dichloromethane was reduced to 2.43% (w/w) (20 °C) or 0.03% (w/w) (35 °C) by aqueous wet extraction. With vacuum-drying, residual dichloromethane only decreased from about 5% (w/w) to 4.34% (w/w) (20 °C) or 3.20% (w/w) (35 °C) due to the lack of the plasticizing effect of water. Redispersion of filtered, wet microparticles in alcoholic media significantly improved the extraction due to an increased PLGA plasticization. The potential of different extractants was explained with the Gordon-Taylor equation and Hansen solubility parameters. Extraction in methanol: or ethanol:water mixtures reduced residual dichloromethane from 4 - 7% (w/w) to 0.5 - 2.3% (w/w) within 1 h and 0.08 - 0.18% (w/w) within 6 h. Higher alcohol contents and higher temperature resulted in aggregation of microparticles and lower drug loadings.

Conclusion
The final removal of residual dichloromethane was more efficient with alcoholic wet extraction followed by aqueous wet extraction at elevated temperature and vacuum drying of the microparticles.
Molecular detection of some zoonotic tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from camels (Camelus dromedarius) as hosts and wild rodents as potential reservoirs
Authors: Yousery Ayat , Soliman Doaa E. , Samy A. A. , Allam Ahmad M. , Shaalan Mona G. , Abdel Hamid Amira E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTicks and tick-borne pathogens pose a great threat to human and animal health. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of ticks that infest camels and investigate the presence of tick-borne pathogens in the blood of camels, associated ticks, and surrounding rodents as reservoirs. From 100 inspected camels, from different localities in the Giza governorate, 1000 ixodid ticks were collected; these ticks belonged to three genera: Hyalomma, Amblyomma, and Rhipicephalus. The genus Hyalomma was represented by four species, Hyalomma dromedarii was the most prevalent species (55.4%), followed by Hyalomma excavatum (22%), Hyalomma impeltatum (11.6%) and Hyalomma rufipes (2.8%). The genus Amblyomma was represented by two species, Amblyomma gemma (2.8%) and Amblyomma marmoreum (2.7%), while the genus Rhipicephalus was represented by only one species, Rhipicephalus pulchellus (2.7%). Ticks, camel blood, and rodents (total number 100 brown rats) are screened for tick-borne pathogens (Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia miyamotoi, Babesia sp., and Coxiella burnetii) using PCR. Camel blood was found to be infected with Borrelia burgdorferi (66.6%), Borrelia miyamotoi (55%), and Babesia sp. (11.6%). Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected in all the collected ticks but was not detected in the blood of camels or rodents. Borrelia miyamotoi was detected in 12.5% of H. impeltatum, 55% of Camels, and 6% of the rodents, which may indicate a proposed risk of dispersal of B. miyamotoi, the agent of tick-borne relapsing fever.
Napping and Obesity in Adults – What do we Know?
Authors: Wannamethee Sasiwarang Goya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To review the evidence on the relationship between daytime napping and obesity.

Recent Findings
There is concern that napping may be harmful to metabolic health. Prospective studies have shown long time daytime napping (> 1 h) is associated with increased diabetes risk which may be partly associated with obesity. Evidence from numerous cross-sectional studies and meta-analyses of cross-sectional studies have shown that long time napping (> 1 h) but not short time napping is associated with increased risk of obesity, and this is seen worldwide. Inference regarding the nature of association from cross-sectional studies is limited; it is suggested the association is bidirectional. Prospective studies on the association between daytime napping and obesity are few and results unclear.

Summary
Large longitudinal studies integrating daytime napping duration and night-time sleep behaviour and detailed information on lifestyle influences is needed to help elucidate further the associations of long time napping with obesity.
Rapid deterioration of steatotic liver disease due to portal vein stenosis after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Ohta Mineto , Kanba Rikiya , Fukushima Keisuke , Takahashi Kazutomi , Nishimaki Hiroyasu , Sasaki Tatsuya , Fujita Ai , Kanno Maika , Ogasawara Yuki , Namiki Kenji 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSteatotic liver disease after pancreatoduodenectomy occurs due to various factors, such as exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, impaired intestinal absorption, and malnutrition. The mechanism of steatogenesis differs to that of conventional steatotic liver disease associated with obesity and insulin resistance. We experienced a rare case of rapidly progressive steatotic liver disease accompanied by portal vein stenosis in the early postoperative period after subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy for distal cholangiocarcinoma. Although there was a complication due to postoperative drain infection, the patient was discharged from hospital with no nutritional problems. Two months postoperatively, the patient presented to the emergency room with dyspnea. CT showed a markedly steatotic liver, ascites, and portal vein stenosis. A portal vein stent was inserted transhepatically and the steatotic liver disease gradually improved. During the postoperative course, there were no problems indicated by nutritional markers; although the patient had diarrhea associated with postoperative pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, the symptoms were mild and improved after administration of oral pancrelipase. Before the intervention, the patient had intestinal edema, exacerbation of diarrhea, and a low serum zinc concentration, suggesting that impaired absorption caused by intestinal blood stasis and gut barrier dysfunction contributed to the development of steatotic liver disease.
A Measure of Departure from Marginal Homogeneity using Continuation Odds for Square Contingency Tables with Ordered Categories
Authors: Ando Shuji , Fujimoto Kei , Tomizawa Sadao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFor the analysis of square contingency tables with ordinal classifications, the marginal homogeneity (MH) model is the one of important models. Some measures for analyzing the degree of departure from the MH model have been proposed. This study proposes a new measure using the continuation odds. Continuation odds may be considered as discrete time hazard. The proposed measure is expressed in the form of Cressie-Read’s power-divergence (including the Kullback-Leibler divergence) or Patil and Taillie’s diversity index (including Shannon entropy). This study derives a plug-in estimator of the proposed measure and an approximate confidence interval for the proposed measure. Through numerical examples, we evaluate the performances of them. Additionally. the usefulness of the proposed measure is demonstrated by applying it to real data that the row and column variables are the discrete survival time variables.
A novel UHMWPE composite with low friction coefficient for long-term ice sliding
Authors: Hou Yacong , Chen Lei , Zhang Zheng , Chang Jinlin , Weng Ding , Ma Yuan , Wang Jiadao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLow friction ice sliding interfaces were critical for ski performance optimization. Traditional fluorinated ski waxes have attracted considerable attention for enhancing the hydrophobicity, anti-wearing, and oxidation resistance of ski-ice base. However, the toxicity and complexity of the waxing process limited batch manufacturing of low-cost and non-toxic ski-ice base, what is more, the wax covering on the base wore and failed during skiing due to the friction between ski and ice. Herein, we demonstrated a novel ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite that could maintain a low coefficient of friction (COF) with about 0.026 for at least 160 min when skiing on the ice. Microcapsule (MS) could release liquid (liquid paraffin (LP)). The released LP further enhanced the hydrophobicity of UHMWPE’s surfaces when friction occurred, which would maintain the stability and durability of the water film, and achieved superior and long-lasting friction resistance. Compared with other microcapsules with lower hydrophobic core, microcapsules with LP performed the best in reducing the friction of ski base from 0.126 to 0.024. Meanwhile, the COF of the surface kept at about 0.02 even after 12 rapid temperature changes. The presented UHMWPE composite of encapsulated liquids showed great potential and broad application owing to its simplicity and efficiency in winter sports.
Audio-guided implicit neural representation for local image stylization
Authors: Lee Seung Hyun , Kim Sieun , Byeon Wonmin , Oh Gyeongrok , In Sumin , Park Hyeongcheol , Yoon Sang Ho , Hong Sung-Hee , Kim Jinkyu , Kim Sangpil 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe present a novel framework for audio-guided localized image stylization. Sound often provides information about the specific context of a scene and is closely related to a certain part of the scene or object. However, existing image stylization works have focused on stylizing the entire image using an image or text input. Stylizing a particular part of the image based on audio input is natural but challenging. This work proposes a framework in which a user provides an audio input to localize the target in the input image and another to locally stylize the target object or scene. We first produce a fine localization map using an audio-visual localization network leveraging CLIP embedding space. We then utilize an implicit neural representation (INR) along with the predicted localization map to stylize the target based on sound information. The INR manipulates local pixel values to be semantically consistent with the provided audio input. Our experiments show that the proposed framework outperforms other audio-guided stylization methods. Moreover, we observe that our method constructs concise localization maps and naturally manipulates the target object or scene in accordance with the given audio input.
The point scatterer approximation for wave dynamics
Authors: Mantile Andrea , Posilicano Andrea 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGiven an open, bounded and connected set $$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^{3}$$

Ω
⊂

R

3

and its rescaling $$\Omega _{\varepsilon }$$

Ω
ε

of size $$\varepsilon \ll 1$$

ε
≪
1

, we consider the solutions of the Cauchy problem for the inhomogeneous wave equation $$\begin{aligned} (\varepsilon ^{-2}\chi _{\Omega _{\varepsilon }}+\chi _{\mathbb {R}^{3}\backslash \Omega _{\varepsilon }})\partial _{tt}u=\Delta u+f \end{aligned}$$

(

ε

-
2

χ

Ω
ε

+

χ

R

3

\

Ω
ε

)

∂

tt

u
=
Δ
u
+
f

with initial data and source supported outside $$\Omega _{\varepsilon }$$

Ω
ε

; here, $$\chi _{S}$$

χ
S

denotes the characteristic function of a set S. We provide the first-order $$\varepsilon $$
ε
-corrections with respect to the solutions of the inhomogeneous free wave equation and give space-time estimates on the remainders in the $$L^{\infty }((0,1/\varepsilon ^{\tau }),L^{2}(\mathbb {R}^{3})) $$

L
∞

(

(
0
,
1
/

ε
τ

)

,

L
2

(

R

3

)

)

-norm. Such corrections are explicitly expressed in terms of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Newton potential operator in $$L^{2}(\Omega )$$

L
2

(
Ω
)

and provide an effective dynamics describing a legitimate point scatterer approximation in the time domain.
A nonparametric entropy-based measure of mass political polarization
Authors: Bao Le , Gill Jeff 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolitical polarization has become an increasingly salient issue worldwide, but a systematic examination of the variation and sources of mass polarization across countries is limited by current measurement methods. This work proposes a nonparametric, entropy-based measure of mass political polarization. It exploits the specific structure of ordinal distributions in public opinion data, makes no prior assumptions about the form and spacing of the data, and can still draw reliable measures of issue-based polarization. We demonstrate the theoretical and practical superiority of the measure with analytical comparisons and simulations. We then apply the proposed measure to questions about mass polarization in the USA, the relationship between radical parties and polarization in Europe, and cross-country trends in affective and ideological polarization.
Caspase-11 mediated inflammasome activation in macrophages by systemic infection of A. actinomycetemcomitans exacerbates arthritis
Authors: Okano Tokuju , Ashida Hiroshi , Komatsu Noriko , Tsukasaki Masayuki , Iida Tamako , Iwasawa Marie , Takahashi Yuto , Takeuchi Yasuo , Iwata Takanori , Sasai Miwa , Yamamoto Masahiro , Takayanagi Hiroshi , Suzuki Toshihiko 
Published: August 2024

AbstractClinical studies have shown that Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) is associated with aggressive periodontitis and can potentially trigger or exacerbate rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we show that systemic infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans triggers the progression of arthritis in mice anti-collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) model following IL-1β secretion and cell infiltration in paws in a manner that is dependent on caspase-11-mediated inflammasome activation in macrophages. The administration of polymyxin B (PMB), chloroquine, and anti-CD11b antibody suppressed inflammasome activation in macrophages and arthritis in mice, suggesting that the recognition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the cytosol after bacterial degradation by lysosomes and invasion via CD11b are needed to trigger arthritis following inflammasome activation in macrophages. These data reveal that the inhibition of caspase-11-mediated inflammasome activation potentiates aggravation of RA induced by infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans. This work highlights how RA can be progressed by inflammasome activation as a result of periodontitis-associated bacterial infection and discusses the mechanism of inflammasome activation in response to infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans.