bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the changing dynamics of processing, temperature‐based mechanics, and flame retardancy in the transfer of ammonium polyphosphate/inorganic silicate flame retardants from epoxy resins to glass fiber composites
Authors: Sunder Sruthi , Jauregui Rozo Maria , Inasu Sneha , Schartel Bernhard , Ruckdäschel Holger 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough numerous investigations study the improvement of flame retardancy of epoxy resins using additives, maintaining the flame retardant (FRs) modes of action present in the resins upon transfer to composites is challenging. In this study, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and inorganic silicate (InSi) are loaded at 10%, 30%, and 50% by weight, in a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) resin cured with dicyandiamide and transferred to bidirectional (BD) glass fiber (GF) composites. Although a 50% loading of the FRs impacts the curing kinetics of the resin system, the effect on the glass transition temperature of the resin system remains negligible compared to reactive FRs in the state of the art integrated into the resin's chemical structure. Increasing the FR content improved the heat release characteristics in both the resins and composites. However, the charring mode of action is completely suppressed in the formulation with 10% APP + InSi. A 30% concentration of the FRs restored the charring action in the composite and the GFs provide increased protective layer action upon transfer to the composites. This study highlights the importance of accounting for the changing dynamics related to processing and flame retardancy upon transferring FRs from resins to composites.
Observer‐based spatiotemporal event‐triggered fuzzy resilient control for temperature profile of high‐speed spacecraft
Authors: Zhang Qiyuan , Song Xiaona , Song Shuai 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article proposes an observer‐based spatiotemporal event‐triggered fuzzy resilient controller design method for the temperature profile across the fin of high‐speed spacecraft. Initially, the considered nonlinear system is reconstructed via the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy rule. Then, to simultaneously realize the observation and control of the spacecraft surface temperature, an observer‐based point controller is proposed in terms of averaged measurements. In addition, taking the network congestion issue into consideration, a spatiotemporal event‐triggered mechanism and a quantization method are adopted to reduce data transmission and enhance bandwidth utilization. Furthermore, to resist cyberattacks and actuator faults, a fuzzy resilient control strategy is designed to ensure the stability of the closed‐loop system with
disturbance attenuation performance. Finally, simulation results for a cooling fin are presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
Sex‐related patterns of functional brain networks in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Li Cuicui , Wang Jingxuan , Zhou Yunna , Li Tong , Wu Baolin , Yuan Xianshun , Li Lin , Qin Rui , Liu Hongzhu , Chen Linglong , Wang Ximing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough numerous studies have emphasized the male predominance in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), how sex differences are related to the topological organization of functional networks remains unclear. This study utilized imaging data from 86 ASD (43 females, aged 7–18 years) and 86 typically developing controls (TCs) (43 females, aged 7–18 years) obtained from Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange databases, constructed individual whole‐brain functional networks, used a graph theory analysis to compute topological metrics, and assessed sex‐related differences in topological metrics using a 2 × 2 factorial design. At the global level, females with ASD exhibited significantly higher cluster coefficient and local efficiency than female TCs, while no significant difference was observed between males with ASD and male TCs. Meanwhile, the neurotypical sex differences in cluster coefficient and local efficiency observed in TCs were not present in ASD. At the nodal level, ASD exhibited abnormal nodal centrality in the left middle temporal gyrus.
Identification of infectious viruses for risk‐based virus testing of CHO unprocessed bulk using next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Hsu Tiffany , Talley Mary Jo , Yang Ping , Geiselhoeringer Angela , Yang Cindy , Gorla Aditya , Rahman M. Julhasur , Silva Lindsey , Chen Dayue , Yang Bin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIt is important to increase manufacturing speed to make medicines more widely available. One bottleneck for CHO‐based drug substance release is the in vitro viral (IVV) cell‐based assay on unprocessed bulk. To increase process speed, we evaluate the suitability of replacing the IVV cell‐based assay with next‐generation sequencing (NGS). First, we outline how NGS is currently used in the pharmaceutical industry, and how it may apply to CHO virus testing. Second, we examine CHO virus contamination history. Since prior virus contaminants can replicate in the production bioreactor, we perform a literature search and classify 159 viruses as high, medium, low, or unknown risk based on their ability to infect CHO cells. Overall, the risk of virus contamination during the CHO manufacturing process is low. Only six viruses were reported to have contaminated CHO bioprocesses over the past several decades, and were primarily caused by fetal bovine serum or cell culture components. These virus contamination events can be mitigated through limitation and control of raw materials, combined with virus testing and virus clearance technologies. The list of CHO infectious viruses provides a starting framework for virus safety risk assessment and NGS development. Furthermore, ICH Q5A (R2) includes NGS as a molecular method for adventitious agent testing, paving a path forward for modernizing CHO virus testing.
A new method for scaling inlet flow waveform in hemodynamic analysis of aortic dissection
Authors: Wang Kaihong , Armour Chlöe H. , Guo Baolei , Dong Zhihui , Xu Xiao Yun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractComputational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations have shown great potentials in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and postoperative assessment. Patient‐specific and well‐tuned boundary conditions are key to obtaining accurate and reliable hemodynamic results. However, CFD simulations are usually performed under non‐patient‐specific flow conditions due to the absence of in vivo flow and pressure measurements. This study proposes a new method to overcome this challenge by tuning inlet boundary conditions using data extracted from electrocardiogram (ECG). Five patient‐specific geometric models of type B aortic dissection were reconstructed from computed tomography (CT) images. Other available data included stoke volume (SV), ECG, and 4D‐flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ECG waveforms were processed to extract patient‐specific systole to diastole ratio (SDR). Inlet boundary conditions were defined based on a generic aortic flow waveform tuned using (1) SV only, and (2) with ECG and SV (ECG + SV). 4D‐flow MRI derived inlet boundary conditions were also used in patient‐specific simulations to provide the gold standard for comparison and validation. Simulations using inlet flow waveform tuned with ECG + SV not only successfully reproduced flow distributions in the descending aorta but also provided accurate prediction of time‐averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) in the primary entry tear (PET) and abdominal regions, as well as maximum pressure difference, ∆Pmax, from the aortic root to the distal false lumen. Compared with simulations with inlet waveform tuned with SV alone, using ECG + SV in the tuning method significantly reduced the error in false lumen ejection fraction at the PET (from 149.1% to 6.2%), reduced errors in TAWSS at the PET (from 54.1% to 5.7%) and in the abdominal region (from 61.3% to 11.1%), and improved ∆Pmax prediction (from 283.1% to 18.8%) However, neither of these inlet waveforms could be used for accurate prediction of TAWSS in the ascending aorta. This study demonstrates the importance of SDR in tailoring inlet flow waveforms for patient‐specific hemodynamic simulations. A well‐tuned flow waveform is essential for ensuring that the simulation results are patient‐specific, thereby enhancing the confidence and fidelity of computational tools in future clinical applications.
Orchidaceae cubanac novae V Taxa nova et critica ex generibus Tetramicra, Encyclia, Stelis et Malaxis
Authors: Dietrich Helga 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungInnerhalb der laufenden taxonomisehen Untersuchungen an eubanischen Orchideen werden weitere Sippen beschrieben: eine neue Unterart, Malaxis dominagensis ssp. insularis, eine neue Untergattung, Tetrainicra subgenus Auricula und zwei neue Arten, Encyclia moebusii und Stelis cristalensis. Mit 10 Arealkarten von 25 seltenen cubanischen Orchideen.
Beiträge zum xerothermen Vegetationskomplex Böhmens 1. Die Xerothermvegetation im Nordböhmisehen Waldsteppenbezirk
Authors: Toman Miloslav 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDiese Arbeit schlieβt an die Untersuchungen von Toman (1981, S. 303–332, 433–499 569–601) an. Sie gibt Informationen über einige typische Gesellschaften der Festuco‐Brometea sowie die ökologischen und zönologischen Gruppen der psamophilen, halophilen und Felsengesellschaften bzw. einige Gesellschaften des Waldsaums. Diese Gesellschaftsgruppe ist ein heterogener Bestandteil in der mitteleuropäischen Flora. In vorliegender Arbeit wird sie als xerothermer Vegetationskomplex bezeichnet.In dieser Studie werden ferner einige Probleme aus dem böhmischen Xerothermgebiet, den Raums auβerhalb des böhmischen Xerothermgebiets sowie Probleme der phytogeographischen Struktur und Gliederung der vier westlichen böhmischen Xerothermbozirke bearbeitet. Weiterhin wird durch sie und einige weitere Fakten begründet, daβ es nicht möglich ist, die Zugehörigkeit einiger Taxa bei Studien im Gelände zuverlässig zu bestimmen. Für einige taxonomisch schwierige Arten werden Hinweise zu ihrer taxonomischen Absonderung gegeben.Dieser erste Teil gibt Ergänzungen zur Problematik der Ordnung Festucelia valesiacea im Nordböhmischen Waldsteppenbezirk. Es werden auβerdem die Gesellschaften der Ordnung Brometalia besehrieben und das geschlossene Vorkommen der Art Ficaria calthcafolia in diesem Gebiet zönologisch begründet.
Bleeding management in type 3 von Willebrand disease with anti‐von Willebrand factor inhibitor: A literature review and case report
Authors: Briane Aurélie , Horvais Valérie , Sigaud Marianne , Trossaërt Marc , Drillaud Nicolas , Ternisien Catherine , Fouassier Marc , Babuty Antoine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTreatment of type 3 von Willebrand disease by infusion of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates may lead to the development of anti‐VWF antibodies, challenging haemostasis management. The systematic review of the literature presented here retrieved 15 such cases (surgery n = 11, bleeding n = 4). The heterogeneous patient management mostly involved continuous infusion of FVIII, or recombinant FVIIa together with various other strategies. Off‐label infusion of the bispecific monoclonal antibody emicizumab was prescribed in three cases and in a complex local case, ultimately well‐controlled with emicizumab. This illustrates the fact that emicizumab appears as a therapeutic option in this context of allo‐immunisation.
Anatomic double‐bundle transtibial anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction restores graft length changes but leads to larger graft bending angles
Authors: Zhang Ling , Qiu Jiayu , Chen Jiebo , Wang Cong , Zhao Jinzhong , Wang Shaobai , Tsai Tsung‐Yuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the femoral tunnel position using a modified anatomic transtibial (TT) double‐bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (DBACLR) and to investigate the knee kinematics, graft length and graft bending angle following DBACLR.MethodsTen patients who underwent DBACLR using the modified TT technique were included in the study. All patients performed a single‐legged lunge under a dual fluoroscopic imaging system to assess the 6 degrees of freedom tibiofemoral kinematics. Femoral tunnel position was evaluated via postoperative three‐dimensional (3D) computed tomography. The area centroids of anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL) bundles were determined on 3D knee models. The lengths of AM and PL bundles, as well as graft bending angle at the femoral tunnel aperture, were measured by created virtual fibres.ResultsThe reconstructed knee rotated more externally compared with the contralateral knee between 0° and 60° (p ≤ 0.049). There is no significant difference in the length change of AM bundle (n.s.) and PL bundle (n.s.) between the two sides from 0° to 120° during the lunge motion. The maximum graft bending angle at the femoral tunnel aperture occurred at 0° of knee flexion, with the AM graft bending angle was 72.6° ± 9.0° and the PL graft bending angle was 90.3° ± 9.7°.ConclusionThe modified TT technique used in this study could achieve anatomical ACL reconstruction, restoring graft length change patterns compared to contralateral knees. However, residual rotational instability of the reconstructed knee was observed after DBACLR, despite achieving anatomic tunnel placement. Therefore, double‐bundle reconstruction may not sufficiently address the persistent rotational instability of the knee. Additionally, larger graft bending angles at the femoral tunnel aperture were found with the modified TT technique. Therefore, further improvement to the TT technique should focus on reducing the graft's curvature while maintaining the anatomical properties of the knee joint. The findings of this study highlight the need for improved surgical techniques to address residual rotational instability and optimise graft curvature. These improvements are crucial for enhancing patient outcomes and long‐term joint function following ACL reconstruction.Levels of EvidenceLevel II.
Evaluation of the Mechanical Strength and Cell Adhesion Capacity of POSS Doped PVA/CMC Hernia Patch
Authors: Akkurt Yıldırım Meryem , ÖZER Barkın , Türkoğlu Nelisa , Denktaş Cenk 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPeritoneal adhesion typically occurs in applications such as abdominal, pelvic, and vascular surgery. It is necessary to develop a mechanical barrier to prevent adhesion. In this study, a novel biomaterial as a mechanical barrier is developed by combining polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), doped with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) to prevent peritoneal adhesion. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) methods reveal that POSS nanoparticles in the PVA matrix disrupted the intramolecular hydroxyl groups and structure of the crystal region. Electron microscopy (EM) images reveal that high concentrations of POSS (2 wt.%) cause irregular clustering in the composite matrix. As the concentration of POSS increases in the matrix, the degradation of the membranes increases, and protein adhesion decreases. In vitro cytotoxicity tests show a toxic effect on cells for PVA/CMC composite membranes, while on the other hand, the addition of POSS increases cell viability. According to the MMT test the POSS decreases cell adhesion of membranes. When comparing the POSS doped membrane to the undoped PVA/CMC membrane, an increase in the total antioxidant level and a decrease in the total oxidant level is observed.
Numerical simulation and experimental study on mesomechanics properties of particulate composites
Authors: Liu Biaoqiang , Qian Bo , Dai Peng , Liang Yuxin , Pan Xinxin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAt present, it exists the problems of poor computational accuracy of the micromechanical model and insufficient adaptive matching of the RVE unit cell model boundary conditions, being caused by the random distribution of particle size and quantity in particle composite materials. As for the above problems, the paper proposes a micromechanical model that uses a random sequence adsorption algorithm to deeply match and enhance the random distribution of particles, and a subroutine joint simulation method to generate boundary conditions quickly and automatically. The RVE unit cell model of particulate composites are numerically simulated at the micromechanical level. It was found that the enhancement of the mechanical properties of the base material by enhancing particles is highly consistent with the actual improvement value. The simulation values and actual values of particle composite materials with different volume contents are also accurately consistent. In addition, with the increase of particle volume content, its reinforcement effect on the base material first increases and then decreases, and there exists an optimal mixing ratio and a minimum mixing ratio. The optimal mixing ratio for short cut fiber reinforced particles is 50%, with a minimum mixing ratio of 10%. The optimal mixing ratio for silicon carbide reinforced particles is 40%, with a minimum mixing ratio of 8%. Through experimental results, it has been verified that the micromechanical model can quickly and accurately predict the elastic constants and Poisson's ratio of composite materials under periodic displacement boundary conditions, with a prediction accuracy of within 10%.Highlights
Effectively solve the problems such as the random distribution of the size and quantity of reinforced particles in the particle composite material and the difficulty in adding the boundary conditions of the micro‐RVE unit cell model in the macro composite material.
A random sequence adsorption algorithm is proposed to generate the RVE cell model with reinforced particles, and the periodic displacement boundary conditions are added to the RVE cell model through Python and Abaqus joint simulation.
The simulation results show that the stress of chopped fiber reinforced particles is about 1.96 times that of the matrix material, and the stress of SiC reinforced particles is about 2.1 times that of the matrix material, and the optimal mixing ratio of chopped fiber reinforced particles is 50% and that of silicon carbide reinforced particles is 40%.
The proposed micromechanical model can accurately predict the elastic constants of composites under periodic boundary conditions, and its prediction accuracy can be controlled within 10%.
In this paper, a more reasonable meso‐stress‐strain field of single cell element is given, which can provide reference for studying the meso‐failure mechanism and nonlinear mechanical behavior of particle composites.
The sustained and effective anticancer effect of plasma‐activated hydrogel on melanoma cells
Authors: Xu Shengduo , Wang Shiyao , Wu Tong , Zhang Jishen , Jing Xixi , Lin Jiao , Zhang Hao , Liu Dingxin , Jin Xianzhen , Wang Zifeng , Wang Xiaohua , Rong Mingzhe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCold atmospheric plasma has selective anticancer effects, while limited penetration depth and lifetime of reactive species restrict its usage. Herein, we adopt saline and hydrogel as carriers of plasma‐induced reactive species, and link reactive species accumulation, attenuation, storage, and slow‐release to anticancer effects of plasma‐activated media. Results reveal that plasma‐activated hydrogel (PAH) has a sustained anticancer effect and prolongs the storage duration of reactive species, thus causing more intracellular oxidative species accumulation and inducing melanoma cell apoptosis with reactive species continuously released to cell medium. In contrast, plasma‐activated saline has an attenuated anticancer effect with decline in reactive species. Therefore, PAH serves as a useful reactive species carrier and has potential for further anticancer research.
Photoresponse Characteristics of a Graphene Quantum Dot/GaN Metal–Semiconductor–Metal Ultraviolet Photodetector
Authors: Pandit Bhishma , Cho Jaehee 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, the contact characteristics of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) formed on n‐type GaN semiconductors are investigated. Blue‐luminescent GQDs prepared using a hydrothermal method are sprayed onto a GaN wafer, and the electrical and optical properties of the fabricated contacts are investigated. The GQD/GaN contacts exhibit rectifying behavior with a typical Schottky barrier height of 0.64 eV. A metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) photodiode with interdigitated GQD contacts on n‐type GaN is fabricated and provides an extremely low dark current. The spectral photoresponse of the GQD/GaN MSM photodiode includes a sharp increase in responsivity at wavelengths shorter than 375 nm. The responsivity of the MSM photodiode is remarkably improved with increasing the GQD reduction temperature (up to 800 °C), showing a good photoresponse in the ultraviolet region.
Can heterolocalism explain the residential patterns of small populations of foreigners in Japan? The cases of Afghans, Laotians, Bolivians and Turks
Authors: Takeshita Shuko , Hanaoka Kazumasa , Ishikawa Yoshitaka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper examines whether the residential patterns of small nationality‐based ethnic groups in Japan, such as Afghans, Laotians, Bolivians and Turks, can be successfully explained by the model of heterolocalism, which is well‐known for comprehensively explaining the patterns of new immigrants. This verification work is conducted based on census microdata, mapping and interviews with the foreigners. The model is characterized by five propositions, two of which are found not to apply to the Japanese case. Namely, regarding the ‘spatial dispersion’ proposition, a series of small‐sized clusters of foreign inhabitants was confirmed, suggesting that nodal heterolocalism as a modified model is better than the original model. As for the proposition of ‘spatial disjuncture between home and work’, we find that the places of work and residence show spatial proximity rather than separation, reflecting the fact that most of the foreign inhabitants are engaged in blue‐collar occupations. The obtained results serve as criticism of the heterolocalism model, which emphasizes that it is valid not only for the relatively privileged but also for certain lower‐status groups.
COVID-19 Vaccination-Linked Granuloma Annulare in Two Patients
Authors: McIntyre Emma , Lamb Philina , Fung Maxwell A. , Kiuru Maija , Chan Lawrence S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic brought not only a huge healthcare challenge to the world but also introduced many questions of how the human immune system reacts to counter viral invasion, including vaccination. Unlike most vaccinations that are not usually linked to any specific skin eruptions, COVID-19 vaccination has been linked to a variety of skin lesions. In this paper, we present two patients who developed granulomatous skin lesions post-COVID-19 vaccination, one patient has generalised granuloma annulare (GA) and the other patient develops localised GA. Both patients have good responses to treatment regimens containing systemic corticosteroids. We review the literature pertaining to COVID-19-linked skin diseases, particularly granulomatous diseases and discuss the possible pathomechanism of granulomatous eruptions in relation to COVID-19 vaccination.