bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evoked otoacoustic emissions in workers exposed to noise: A review
Authors: Lüders Débora , França Denise Maria Vaz Romano , Klas Regina Maria , Lacerda Adriana Bender Moreira de , Gonçalves Cláudia Giglio de Oliveira , Alcarás Patrícia Arruda de Souza 
Published: October 2012

Introduction: The otoacoustic emissions test is an essential tool in the evaluation of auditory function, since it allows the early detection of cochlear damage of occupational origin.
Objective: To present a review of the literature and analyze the effectiveness of the clinical application of the otoacoustic emissions test in workers exposed to noise.
Methods: A bibliographical search covering a period of 10 years was performed in the Virtual Health Library including published articles in national and international journals indexed in the internationally recognized databases for the health sciences, LILACS, SCIELO, and MEDLINE, using the terms “otoacoustic emissions” and “occupational exposure.” The type of published article (national/international), the type and intensity of the stimulus most commonly used for the evoked otoacoustic emissions, the gender and age of the subjects, and the conclusions from the retrospective studies were all taken into consideration.
Results and Conclusions: A total of 19 articles were analyzed, 7 national and 12 international, covering subjects from 17 to 77 years of age, mostly men. The type of stimulus most commonly used for the evoked otoacoustic emissions was the distortion method (12). Through this review, we have concluded that testing of evoked otoacoustic emissions in workers exposed to noise is an important tool in the early diagnosis of noise-induced cochlear hearing disorders.
Negotiating in Silence: Experiences with Parental Leave in Academia
Authors: Weststar Johanna 
Published: October 2012

This paper presents a case study of pregnancy/parental leave arrangements among faculty members at a mid-sized Canadian university. Pregnancy/parental leaves and associated benefits are often taken for granted, particularly among unionized employees in Canada; however, this research shows that continued vigilance is required to maintain the standard and equity of these rights. The data consist of self-report accounts of faculty experiences in making leave arrangements over the period 2000-2010.
The results show inequity in leave arrangements across faculties, across and within departments and for individuals who had more than one leave. Much of this inequity stemmed from individualized “creative” negotiations and problem-solving when the leave was scheduled to begin or end in the middle of an academic term. Many of these solutions penalized faculty members for unassigned teaching duties. Faculty members were requested or felt personally obligated to “cover-off” the teaching time before or after their leave by teaching course overloads, using course releases earned through external research grants, condensing courses, or beginning and/or ending the leave earlier than required.
This research has implications for unions who must maintain vigilance and relevance in professional environments where individual negotiation takes place and union consciousness is lower. It also emphasizes the burden placed on parents when the bearing and rearing of children is framed as an individual right rather than an issue of social reproduction. As a result of their “choice” to have a baby and take an associated leave of absence, faculty members can experience guilt, fear and anxiety related to their professional and collegial status. Due to these emotions, and faced with a silent collective agreement, faculty members can accommodate the needs of the university to their own detriment. The paper concludes with recommendations for how faculty unions can better protect pregnancy and parental leave rights through improved formal language in policy documents or collective agreements.
Recent results in robust adaptive flight control systems
Authors: Annaswamy A.M. , Lavretsky E. , Dydek Z.T. , Gibson T.E. , Matsutani M. 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYAdaptive control has been increasingly used in flight control of late, with notable technology transitions to autonomous flight platforms such as Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM), X–36 Tailless Fighter Agility Research Aircraft, NASA Generic Transport Model (GTM), and Boeing Phantom Ray. Given the need to make these flight systems autonomous, the spotlight, more than ever, is firmly on adaptive control and in particular, robust adaptive control systems. In this paper, we present a few recent results in robust Adaptive Flight Control Systems (AFCS) that showcase the advantages, properties, and performance of AFCS, whose foundations were laid more than 50 years ago. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Online solution of nonquadratic two‐player zero‐sum games arising in the H ∞  control of constrained input systems
Authors: Modares Hamidreza , Lewis Frank L. , Sistani Mohammad‐Bagher Naghibi 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYIn this paper, we present an online learning algorithm to find the solution to the H ∞  control problem of continuous‐time systems with input constraints. A suitable nonquadratic functional is utilized to encode the input constraints into the H ∞  control problem, and the related H ∞  control problem is formulated as a two‐player zero‐sum game with a nonquadratic performance. Then, a policy iteration algorithm on an actor–critic–disturbance structure is developed to solve the Hamilton–Jacobi–Isaacs (HJI) equation associated with this nonquadratic zero‐sum game. That is, three NN approximators, namely, actor, critic, and disturbance, are tuned online and simultaneously for approximating the HJI solution. The value of the actor and disturbance policies is approximated continuously by the critic NN, and then on the basis of this value estimate, the actor and disturbance NNs are updated in real time to improve their policies. The disturbance tries to make the worst possible disturbance, whereas the actor tries to make the best control input. A persistence of excitation condition is shown to guarantee convergence to the optimal saddle point solution. Stability of the closed‐loop system is also guaranteed. A simulation on a nonlinear benchmark problem is performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FLT3 mutations in myelodysplastic syndrome and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Daver Naval , Strati Paolo , Jabbour Elias , Kadia Tapan , Luthra Raja , Wang Sa , Patel Keyur , Ravandi Farhad , Cortes Jorge , Qin Dong Xiao , Kantarjian Hagop , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo 
Published: October 2012

AbstractFMS‐like tyrosine kinase III (FLT3) mutations occur in one‐third of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and predict poor outcome. The incidence and impact of FLT3 in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is unknown. We conducted a retrospective review to identify WHO MDS and CMML patients with FLT3 mutations at diagnosis. A total of 2,119 patients with MDS and 466 patients with CMML were evaluated at MD Anderson between 1997 and 2010. Of these, FLT3 mutation analysis was performed on 1,232 (58%) MDS and 302 (65%) CMML patients. FLT3 mutations were identified in 12 (0.95%) MDS patients: 9 (75%) had FLT3‐ITD mutation and 3 had FLT3‐tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutation. MDS patients with FLT3 mutations were younger (P = 0.02) and presented as RAEB (P = 0.03) more frequently. Median overall survival (OS) for FLT3‐mutated MDS patients was 19.0 months versus 16.4 months for FLT3‐nonmutated MDS patients (P = 0.08). FLT3 mutations were identified in 13 (4.3%) CMML patients: 8 had FLT3‐ITD mutation and 5 had FLT3‐TKD mutation. There were no significant differences in demographic and disease characteristics among CMML patients with and without FLT3 mutations. Median OS for FLT3‐mutated CMML patients was 10.8 months versus 21.3 months for FLT3‐nonmutated CMML patients (P = 0.12). FLT3 occurs in MDS and CMML at a lower frequency than AML and does not predict poor outcome. Am. J. Hematol. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Magnetic resonance imaging improves 3‐month outcome prediction in mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Yuh Esther L. , Mukherjee Pratik , Lingsma Hester F. , Yue John K. , Ferguson Adam R. , Gordon Wayne A. , Valadka Alex B. , Schnyer David M. , Okonkwo David O. , Maas Andrew I. R. , Manley Geoffrey T. ,   the TRACK‐TBI Investigators
Published: October 2012

ObjectiveTo determine the clinical relevance, if any, of traumatic intracranial findings on early head computed tomography (CT) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to 3‐month outcome in mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI).MethodsOne hundred thirty‐five MTBI patients evaluated for acute head injury in emergency departments of 3 LEVEL I trauma centers were enrolled prospectively. In addition to admission head CT, early brain MRI was performed 12 ± 3.9 days after injury. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess for demographic, clinical, socioeconomic, CT, and MRI features that were predictive of Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS‐E) at 3 months postinjury.ResultsTwenty‐seven percent of MTBI patients with normal admission head CT had abnormal early brain MRI. CT evidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage was associated with a multivariate odds ratio of 3.5 (p = 0.01) for poorer 3‐month outcome, after adjusting for demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic factors. One or more brain contusions on MRI, and ≥4 foci of hemorrhagic axonal injury on MRI, were each independently associated with poorer 3‐month outcome, with multivariate odds ratios of 4.5 (p = 0.01) and 3.2 (p = 0.03), respectively, after adjusting for head CT findings and demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic factors.InterpretationIn this prospective multicenter observational study, the clinical relevance of abnormal findings on early brain imaging after MTBI is demonstrated. The addition of early CT and MRI markers to a prognostic model based on previously known demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic predictors resulted in a >2‐fold increase in the explained variance in 3‐month GOS‐E. ANN NEUROL 2013;73:224–235
Investigation of applying DC electric field effect on carbon nanotube synthesis
Authors: Masunaga Kohta , Ito Hiroyuki , Fujita Osamu 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTFlame synthesis is focused as a carbon nanotube (CNT) formation method in the present study. Although promotion of CNT formation by applying electric field to flame synthesis method has been reported, it is difficult to distinguish whether the promotion of CNT growth is caused by the effect of electric field on the condition near the flame or whether it is caused by other effects accompanied with electric field application so far. Therefore, the influence of the change in condition near the flame accompanied with the DC electric field application on the CNT formation was analyzed in this study. Moreover, the effect of the electric field application on the CNT growth rate and the carbon processing rate on the catalyst was investigated in the chemical vapor deposition method. In the flame synthesis method, the significant promotion of CNT growth is observed, whereas there is less effect of the electric field on the condition such as gas temperature and composition. In the chemical vapor deposition method, the CNT length increases with increasing the intensity of the electric field. Moreover, extension of the catalyst lifetime and increase in the CNT growth rate are found with applying the electric field. © 2012 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increased vascular permeability in the circumventricular organs of adult rat brain due to stimulation by extremely low frequency magnetic fields
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Mercado Yanet K. , Cañedo‐Dorantes Luis , Gómez‐Pinedo Ulises , Serrano‐Luna Gregorio , Bañuelos‐Pineda Jacinto , Feria‐Velasco Alfredo 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIt has been demonstrated that the exposure of biological systems to magnetic fields (MFs) can produce several beneficial effects: tissue recovery in chronic wounds, re‐establishment of blood circulation after tissue ischemia or in necrotic tissues, improvement after epileptic episodes, angiogenesis, etc. In the current study, the effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) MF on the capillaries of some circumventricular organs (CVOs) are demonstrated; a vasodilator effect is reported as well as an increase in their permeability to non‐liposoluble substances. For this study, 96 Wistar male rats (250 g body mass) were used and divided into three groups of 32 rats each: a control group (no treatment); a sham ELF‐MF group; and an experimental group subjected to ELF‐MF (120 Hz harmonic waves and 0.66 mT, root mean square) by the use of Helmholtz coils. All animals were administered colloidal carbon (CC) intravenously to study, through optical and transmission electron microscopy, the capillary permeability in CVOs and the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in brain areas. An increase in capillary permeability to CC was detected in the ELF‐MF‐exposed group as well as a significant increase in vascular area (capillary vasodilation); none of these effects were observed in individuals of the control and sham ELF‐MF groups. It is important to investigate the mechanisms involved in the phenomena reported here in order to explain the effects of ELF‐MF on brain vasculature. Bioelectromagnetics 34:145–155, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of the Lipoteichoic Acid Anchor from Streptococcus sp. DSM 8747
Authors: Sauvageau Janelle , Foster Amy J. , Khan Ashna A. , Chee Stephanie H. , Sims Ian M. , Timmer Mattie S. M. , Stocker Bridget L. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn this study, the role of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) anchors in the activation of the innate immune response was investigated through the chemical synthesis of a series of LTA derivatives and the determination of their ability to induce NO production in bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMM). To this end, an efficient synthesis of the sn‐3‐O‐(α‐D‐galactofuranosyl)‐1,2‐di‐O‐acylglycerol LTA core was developed, which was then used as a key structure to produce both phosphate and glycerylphosphate‐funtionalised LTA anchors, as well as galactofuranosyldiglycerides with different fatty acid chain lengths. With a series of LTA anchors in hand, we then determined the effect of these glycolipids on the innate immune response by exploring their capacity to activate macrophages. Here, we report that several of the LTA‐derivatives were able to induce NO production by BMMs. In general, the unnatural (sn‐1) core glycolipid anchors showed lower levels of activity than the corresponding natural (sn‐3) analogues, and the activity of the glycolipids also appears to be dependent on the length of lipid present, with an optimum lipid length of C20 for the sn‐3 derivatives. Interestingly, a triacylated anchor and the 6‐O‐phosphorylated anchor, showed only modest activity, while the 6‐O‐glycerophosphorylated derivative was unable to induce NO production. Taken as a whole, our results highlight the subtle effects that glycolipid length can have on the ability to activate BMMs.
New Chemodosimetric Reagents as Ratiometric Probes for Cysteine and Homocysteine and Possible Detection in Living Cells and in Blood Plasma
Authors: Das Priyadip , Mandal Amal Kumar , Chandar Nellore Bhanu , Baidya Mithu , Bhatt Harshad B. , Ganguly Bishwajit , Ghosh Sudip K. , Das Amitava 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn this work, we have rationally designed and synthesized two new reagents (L1 and L2), each bearing a pendant aldehyde functionality. This aldehyde group can take part in cyclization reactions with β‐ or γ‐amino thiols to yield the corresponding thiazolidine and thiazinane derivatives, respectively. The intramolecular charge‐transfer (ICT) bands of these thiazolidine and thiazinane derivatives are distinctly different from those of the molecular probes (L1 and L2). Such changes could serve as a potential platform for using L1 and L2 as new colorimetric/fluorogenic as well as ratiometric sensors for cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcy) under physiological conditions. Both reagents proved to be specific towards Cys and Hcy even in the presence of various amino acids, glucose, and DNA. Importantly, these two chemodosimetric reagents could be used for the quantitative detection of Cys present in blood plasma by using a pre‐column HPLC technique. Such examples are not common in contemporary literature. MTT assay studies have revealed that these probes have low cytotoxicity. Confocal laser scanning micrographs of cells demonstrated that these probes could penetrate cell membranes and could be used to detect intracellular Cys/Hcy present within living cells. Thus, the results presented in this article not only demonstrate the efficiency and specificity of two ratiometric chemodosimeter molecules for the quantitative detection of Cys and Hcy, but also provide a strategy for developing reagents for analysis of these vital amino acids in biological samples.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermochemistry of Sr2Ce1‐xPrxO4 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, and 1): Variable‐Temperature and ‐Atmosphere in situ and ex situ Powder X‐Ray Diffraction Studies and Their Physical Properties.
Authors: Kan Wang Hay , Thangadurai Venkataraman 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe title compounds are synthesized as mixed oxide ion and electronic conductors for solid oxide fuel cells by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of SrCO3, CeO2, and Pr6O11 (1000 °C, 24 h) and characterized by powder XRD, SAED, SEM, TGA, EDX, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Miscibility Gap in the U—Nd—O Phase Diagram: A New Approach of Nuclear Oxides in the Environment?
Authors: Desgranges L. , Pontillon Y. , Matheron P. , Marcet M. , Simon P. , Guimbretiere G. , Porcher F. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract(U,Nd)O2.+‐.x samples are prepared by mixing UO2 and Nd2O3 powders (Ar/5% H2, 1400 °C, 72 h) and characterized by Raman spectroscopy and neutron diffraction.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrophosphate Complexation of Tin(II) in Aqueous Solutions as Applied in Electrolytes for the Deposition of Tin and Tin Alloys such as White Bronze.
Authors: Buchner Magnus R. , Kraus Florian , Schmidbaur Hubert 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe nature of tin pyrophosphate complexes present in aqueous solutions of Sn2P2O7 and either Na2P2O7 or K4P2O7 (used for electroplating of tin and tin alloys on metallic and other conductive substrates) in various pH regions is investigated by 119Sn and 31P NMR, and IR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Significantly Increased Cycling Performance of Novel “Self‐Matrix” NiSnO3 Anode in Lithium Ion Battery Application.
Authors: Li Xifei , Wang Chunlei 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe new NiSnO3 anode for lithium ion batteries shows a higher cycling performance than the mixture of NiO and SnO2 with the same elemental composition.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Characterization of Six Quaternary Uranium Chalcogenides A2M4U6Q17 (A: Rb or Cs; M: Pd or Pt; Q: S or Se).
Authors: Oh George N. , Choi Eun Sang , Lu Jun , Koscielski Lukasz A. , Ward Matthew D. , Ellis Donald E. , Ibers James A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractHigh‐temperature solid state reactions of U, M, and Q in a flux of ACl or Rb2S3 lead to the formation of Rb2Pd4U6S17 (1023 K, 96 h, 5—10 wt.% yield), Rb2Pd4U6Se17 (1223 K, 192 h, 5—10 wt.% yield), Rb2Pt4U6Se17 (1223 K, 96 h), Cs2Pd4U6S17 (1273 K, 24 h, 5—10 wt.% yield), Cs2Pd4U6Se17 (1073 K, 96 h, 70—80 wt.% yield), and Cs2Pt4U6Se17 (1073 K, 96 h, 70—80 wt.% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Ordered CoSn‐Type Ternary Phases in Co3Sn3‐xGex.
Authors: Allred J. M. , Jia Shuang , Bremholm M. , Chan B. C. , Cava R. J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractNew ternary Co3Sn3‐xGex (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) phases with the CoSn B35 type structure are synthesized from the elements (900 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Combining Gold and Palladium Catalysis: One‐Pot Access to Pentasubstituted Arenes from Furan—Yne and En—Diyne Substrates.
Authors: Hashmi A Stephen K. , Ghanbari Mohammad , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBy using the same Au catalyst for two subsequent reaction steps—that is, Furan—yne derivatives (I) and (VI) are converted into fivefold‐substituted arenes (II) and (VII) by cyclization followed by halogenation.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II) Acetate Mediated Oxidative Cyclization of ω‐Unsaturated α‐Cyano Ketones for Facile Construction of Methylenecyclohexane Ring System.
Authors: Hsieh Min‐Tsang , Shia Kak‐Shan , Liu Hsing‐Jang , Kuo Sheng‐Chu 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA highly facile, efficient, and mild cyclization reaction followed by a stereo‐ and regioselective reduction is developed for the synthesis of the title ring system.
ChemInform Abstract: Polystyrene‐Supported TBD Catalyzed Ring‐Opening of N‐Tosylaziridines with Silylated Nucleophiles.
Authors: Matsukawa Satoru , Harada Takeru , Yasuda Shiori 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSilyl cyanide, azide, chloride, and bromide can be used to cleave the aziridine ring with excellent regioselectivity, in general.
ChemInform Abstract: A Nano‐Fibrillated Mesoporous Carbon as an Effective Support for Palladium Nanoparticles in the Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols “on Pure Water”.
Authors: Karimi Babak , Behzadnia Hesam , Bostina Mihnea , Vali Hojatollah 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe title carbon (IFMC) is successfully prepared by carbonization of 1‐methyl‐3‐phenethyl‐1H‐imidazolium hydrogen sulfate in the presence of SBA‐15.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Free Oxidation of Activated Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones in 1,1,1,3,3,3‐Hexafluoro‐2‐propanol.
Authors: Khaksar Samad , Talesh Saeed Mohammadzadeh 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe oxidation of various benzylic, allylic and some aliphatic alcohols (I), (III), (V) and (VII) to their corresponding carbonyl compounds (II), (IV), (VI) and (VIII) using NaOCl as the oxidant in hexafluoroisopropanol is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Arylsulfur Chlorotetrafluorides as Useful Fluorinating Agents: Deoxo‐ and Dethioxo‐fluorinations.
Authors: Umemoto Teruo , Singh Rajendra P. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractTwo methods are described for the in situ generation of reactive arylsulfur trifluorides, either reduction of arylsulfur chlorotetrafluorides with pyridine or disproportionation of arylsulfur chlorotetrafluorides with the corresponding diarylsulfide.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile, Versatile, and Mild Morita—Baylis—Hillman‐Type Reaction for the Modular One‐Pot Synthesis of Highly Functionalized MBH Adducts.
Authors: Sousa Bruno A. , Dos Dantos Alcindo A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe method is based on the use of in situ generated lithium butylselenolate.
ChemInform Abstract: Robust eco‐Friendly Protocol for the Preparation of γ‐Hydroxy‐α,β‐Acetylenic Esters by Sequential One‐Pot Elimination—Addition of 2‐Bromoacrylates to Aldehydes Promoted by LTMP in 2‐MeTHF.
Authors: Pace Vittorio , Castoldi Laura , Alcantara Andres R. , Holzer Wolfgang 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe presented synthesis of γ‐hydroxy‐α,β‐acetylenic esters (III) involves the dehydrobromination of bromoacrylate esters to generate propiolate intermediates which subsequently undergo electrophilic addition towards aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Proline Sulfonamide‐Catalyzed Yamada—Otani Condensation: Reaction Development, Substrate Scope and Scaffold Reactivity.
Authors: Yang Hua , Banerjee Somdev , Carter Rich G. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA variety of γ,γ,δ‐trisubstituted cyclohexenones are prepared by annulation of 2‐arylpropanals with acyclic enones with excellent levels of diastereo‐and enantioselectivity in the presence of sulfonamide catalysts (I).