bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
قياس أثر رأس المال الفكري محاسبياً في تنمية القدرات لدى طلبة الجامعات البحث الميداني في جامعة بوكان
Authors: احمد رزكار علي , مرادي افسر علي 
Published: August 2024

إن جوانب رأس المال الفكري مثل رأس المال البشري ورأس المال الهيكلي ورأس مال العملاء هي متغيرات هامة من برنامج إدارة رأس المال الفكري، والذي يشكل جزءا من مبادرات إدارة المعرفة في معاهد التعليم العالي. وتناقش مهارات وخبرات موظفي الجامعة كجزء من رأس مالها البشري. وسيشمل رأس المال الهيكلي جوانب مثل دور الابتكار وحقوق الملكية الفكرية. وأصبح رأس مال العملاء في الجامعة ومعرفة أصحاب المصلحة في مجال التعليم العالي أكثر أهمية. وتستخدم نتائج البحث أجريت في جامعة بوكان للإشارة إلى أي من هذه الجوانب تحتاج إلى قياس وإطار جديد للقياس رأس المال الفكري.
المهارات والإبداع والقيم والثقافة من بين أمورالتي تعتبرعوامل المؤثرةوهناك توافقا كبيرا في الآراء بشأن أهمية الأصول غير الملموسة كمصدر للمنافسة الاقتصادية للمؤسسات التعليمية. ومع ذلك، لم يكن من الممكن وضع مقاييس موثوقة لقياس هذه الأصول لكن رأس المال الفكري للمؤسسة وإدارته يتحول إلى ميزة تنافسية للمؤسسات يتطلب مواهب جديدة لقياس هذه الأصول غير الملموسة .
FATORES DE RISCO PARA O SURGIMENTO DE DISPLASIA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DO QUADRIL EM RECÉM-NASCIDOS
Authors: Lara Beatriz de Sousa Coelho  , Francisco Héricles Moreira de Carvalho  , Alessandro Henrique de Sousa Oliveira Altino  , Alaíde Silva Lemos  , Isadora Alencar da Silva Andrade  , João Pedro Tavares de Oliveira  , Plínio Viana Leôncio  , Cláudio Nunes Soares Neto  , Ana Valéria de Carvalho Barbosa  , Luiza Eduarda Lebre Góes  , Vinicius Mendes Farias  , Marina Batista Cipriano  
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A Displasia do Desenvolvimento Quadril (DDQ) consiste em uma condição em que há alterações na estrutura articular ainda no processo de desenvolvimento fetal ou nos meses iniciais de vida do bebê. A etiologia é dotada de múltiplas causas, porém a literatura aponta que a origem da DDQ está associada a fatores genéticos, ambientais e mecânicos. A USG de quadril juntamente da radiografia da bacia após o 4º e até o 6º mês de vida são capazes de confirmar o diagnóstico. Objetivo: Evidenciar os fatores de risco para o surgimento de displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril em recém-nascidos. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, um instrumento da prática baseada em evidências. A análise de dados foi proveniente da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde nas bases de dados da Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE) através dos descritores indexados e não indexados (palavras-chave) nos idiomas português e inglês: “Displasia do Desenvolvimento do Quadril”, “Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip”, “Recém-Nascido”, “Infant Newborn”, “Fatores de Risco” e “Risk Factors” combinados entre si pelos operadores boleanos AND e OR. A partir da busca inicial, ocorrida em julho de 2024, sete (7) foram condizentes com a questão de pesquisa. Resultados e Discussão: Conforme evidenciado pelos principais resultados obtidos através dos estudos selecionados, existem fatores de risco que merecem atenção especial. Pode haver, inclusive, diferenciação entre feitais e obstétricos. Quanto aos fetais, evidenciou-se o sexo feminino, cor branca e posição fetal pélvica, histórico familiar positivo para DDQ e a macrossomia fetal. Em se tratando dos obstétricos, têm-se a idade materna jovem e primiparidade. Outro ponto crucial é estar atento quanto às deformações tanto nos pés quanto na coluna vertebral de recém-nascidos, considerados como alertas ao diagnóstico. Conclusão: Portanto, dada a condição e fatores agravantes, a identificação oportuna junto ao tratamento são fundamentais, uma vez que o diagnóstico é essencialmente clínico e conta com o auxílio de exames de imagem, como a USG.
Nab-paclitaxel plus capecitabine as first-line treatment for advanced biliary tract cancers: An open-label, non-randomized, phase II clinical trial
Authors: Xu Ling-Xiao , Yuan Jia-Jia , Xue Ran , Zhou Jun 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors with high malignancy, poor prognosis, and limited treatment options.
AIM
To explore the efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel plus capecitabine as first-line treatment for advanced and metastatic BTCs.
METHODS
This open-label, non-randomized, double-center, phase II clinical trial recruited systemic therapy-naive patients with unresectable or metastatic BTCs between April 2019 and June 2022 at Beijing Cancer Hospital and the First Hospital of China Medical University. Eligible patients were administered nab-paclitaxel (150 mg/m2, day 1) and capecitabine (2000 mg/m2, twice daily, days 1-7) in 14-day cycles until experiencing intolerable toxicity or disease progression. The primary outcome was the objective response rate (ORR). The secondary outcomes included the disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety.
RESULTS
A total of 44 patients successfully completed the trial, with a median age of 64.00 years (interquartile range, 35.00-76.00), and 26 (59.09%) were females. Tumor response assessment was impeded for one patient due to premature demise from tumor hemorrhage. Among the remaining 43 patients undergoing at least one imaging assessment, the ORR was 23.26% [95% confidence interval (CI): 11.80%-38.60%], and the DCR was 69.77% (95%CI: 53.90%-82.80%). The median OS was 14.1 months (95%CI: 8.3-19.9), and the median PFS was 4.4 months (95%CI: 2.5-6.3). A total of 41 patients (93.18%) experienced at least one adverse event (AE), with 10 patients (22.73%) encountering grade ≥ 3 AEs, and the most frequent AEs of any grade were alopecia (79.50%), leukopenia (54.55%), neutropenia (52.27%), and liver dysfunction (40.91%), and no treatment-related deaths were documented.
CONCLUSION
Nab-paclitaxel plus capecitabine may be an effective and safe first-line treatment strategy for patients with advanced or metastatic BTCs.
Gangrena de Fournier y miocardiopatía séptica a propósito de un caso clínico: un diagnóstico infravalorado
Authors: Ortega Martinez Rommer Alex , Illescas Gonzales Pachakutek , Ibañez Velasco Bismarck Raúl 
Published: August 2024

La gangrena de Fournier, descrita por primera vez en 1883, es una infección necrotizante que se presenta a nivel perineal y abdominal. Se desarrolla en pacientes con factores de riesgo como la diabetes mellitus, obesidad, alcoholismo, hipertensión arterial, aterosclerosis e inmunosupresión. Su etiología es una sinergia polimicrobiana de gérmenes grampositivos, gramnegarivos y otros, los cuales necesitan la presencia de una lesión inicial a nivel de la región genital o perineal y son responsables de la destrucción tisular, endarteritis y micro trombosis. A nivel sistémico generan fallo multiorgánico, como la disfunción miocárdica inducida por la sepsis o la miocardiopatía séptica, que fue descrita por primera vez en 1984 y puede manifestarse como disfunción sistólica o diastólica de ambos ventrículos, presenciade arritmias cardíacas, precedidas de la prolongación de intervalo QT y troponinas cardíacas elevadas. Similar presentación a la de nuestro paciente de 71 años de edad que presentó una evolución favorable.
Proper Motions and Orbits of Distant Local Group Dwarf Galaxies from a Combination of Gaia and Hubble Data
Authors: Bennet Paul , Patel Ekta , Sohn Sangmo Tony , del Pino Molina Andrés , van der Marel Roeland P. , Libralato Mattia , Watkins Laura L. , Aparicio Antonio , Besla Gurtina , Gallart Carme , Fardal Mark A. , Monelli Matteo , Sacchi Elena , Tollerud Erik , Weisz Daniel R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We have determined the proper motions (PMs) of 12 dwarf galaxies in the Local Group (LG), ranging from the outer Milky Way (MW) halo to the edge of the LG. We used the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) as the first and Gaia as the second epoch using the GaiaHub software. For Leo A and Sag DIG, we also used multi-epoch HST measurements relative to background galaxies. Orbital histories derived using these PMs show that two-thirds of the galaxies in our sample are on first infall with >90% certainty. The observed star formation histories of these first-infall dwarfs are generally consistent with infalling dwarfs in simulations. The remaining four galaxies have crossed the virial radius of either the MW or M31. When we compare their star formation (SF) and orbital histories we find tentative agreement between the inferred pattern of SF with the timing of dynamical events in the orbital histories. For Leo I, SF activity rises as the dwarf crosses the MW’s virial radius, culminating in a burst of SF shortly before pericenter (≈1.7 Gyr ago). The SF then declines after pericenter, but with some smaller bursts before its recent quenching (≈0.3 Gyr ago). This shows that even small dwarfs like Leo I can hold onto gas reservoirs and avoid quenching for several gigayears after falling into their host, which is longer than generally found in simulations. Leo II, NGC 6822, and IC 10 are also qualitatively consistent with this SF pattern in relation to their orbit, but more tentatively due to larger uncertainties.
Constraining the Selection-corrected Luminosity Function and Total Pulse Count for Radio Transients
Authors: Dong Fengqiu Adam , Herrera-Martin Antonio , Stairs Ingrid , Craiu Radu V. , Crowter Kathryn , Eadie Gwendolyn M. , Fonseca Emmanuel , Good Deborah , Mckee James W. , Meyers Bradley W. , Pearlman Aaron B. , Stenning David C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Studying transient phenomena, such as individual pulses from pulsars, has garnered considerable attention in the era of astronomical big data. Of specific interest to this study are rotating radio transients (RRATs), nulling, and intermittent pulsars. This study introduces a new algorithm named LuNfit, tailored to correct the selection biases originating from the telescope and detection pipelines. Ultimately LuNfit estimates the intrinsic luminosity distribution and nulling fraction of the single pulses emitted by pulsars. LuNfit relies on Bayesian nested sampling so that the parameter space can be fully explored. Bayesian nested sampling also provides the additional benefit of simplifying model comparisons through the Bayes ratio. The robustness of LuNfit is shown through simulations and applying LuNfit onto pulsars with known nulling fractions. LuNfit is then applied to three RRATs, J0012+5431, J1538+1523, and J2355+1523, extracting their intrinsic luminosity distribution and burst rates. We find that their nulling fractions are 0.4(2), 0.749(5), and 0.995(2), respectively. We further find that a log-normal distribution likely describes the single pulse luminosity distribution of J0012+5431 and J1538+1523, while the Bayes ratio for J2355+1523 slightly favors an exponential distribution. We show the conventional method of correcting selection effects by “scaling up” the missed fraction of radio transients can be unreliable when the mean luminosity of the source is faint relative to the telescope sensitivity. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the current implementation of LuNfit while also delving into potential enhancements that would enable LuNfit to be applied to sources with complex pulse morphologies.
Low-mass Globular Clusters from Stripped Dark Matter Halos
Authors: Gutcke Thales A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The origin and formation of globular clusters (GCs) has remained a mystery. We present a formation scenario for ancient GC-like objects that form in ultrahigh-resolution simulations (smallest cell size < 0.1 pc, mass resolution M
cell = 4 M
⊙). The simulations are cosmological zoom-in simulations of dwarf galaxies within the stellar mass range 106−7
M
⊙ that match Local Group dwarf properties well. Our investigation reveals GCs hosting ancient stellar populations, characterized by a lack of dark matter (DM) in the present epoch. The clusters exhibit short, episodic star formation histories, occasionally marked by the presence of multiple stellar generations. The metallicity distributions show a widening, encompassing stars in the range of 10−4 < Z
⋆/Z
⊙ < 1. The presence of these objects is attributable to star formation occurring within low-mass DM halos (M
halo ≈ 106
M
⊙) during the early stages of the Universe, preceding reionization (z ≳ 7). As these clusters are accreted into dwarf galaxies, DM is preferentially subjected to tidal stripping, with an average accretion redshift of

z

¯

≈
5

.
Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Alfvénic Turbulence
Authors: Vega Cristian , Boldyrev Stanislav , Roytershteyn Vadim 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Strong magnetically dominated Alfvénic turbulence is an efficient engine of nonthermal particle acceleration in a relativistic collisionless plasma. We argue that in the limit of strong magnetization, the type of energy distribution attained by accelerated particles depends on the relative strengths of turbulent fluctuations δ
B
0 and the guide field B
0. If δ
B
0 ≪ B
0, the particle magnetic moments are conserved, and the acceleration is provided by magnetic curvature drifts. Curvature acceleration energizes particles in the direction parallel to the magnetic field lines, resulting in log-normal tails of particle energy distribution functions. Conversely, if δ
B
0 ≳ B
0, interactions of energetic particles with intense turbulent structures can scatter particles, creating a population with large pitch angles. In this case, magnetic mirror effects become important, and turbulent acceleration leads to power-law tails of the energy distribution functions.
Les entrepreneurs du secteur informel et la protection de l’innovation au Burkina Faso : entre impératif de rentabilité et valeurs d’altruisme
Authors: Kaboré Wendpanga Issa , Song-Naba Florent 
Published: August 2024

Alors que la protection de la propriété intellectuelle est habituellement considérée comme un sujet clé pour l’entrepreneur innovateur, la recherche analyse le faible engouement des entrepreneurs du secteur informel pour la protection formelle de l’innovation. Les données ont été collectées par entretiens semi-directifs réalisés avec des entrepreneurs-innovateurs du secteur informel au Burkina Faso. Les résultats montrent que le scepticisme ambiant, en ce qui concerne la capacité des titres formels à éviter l’imitation, incite les entrepreneurs-innovateurs du secteur informel à préférer la protection informelle ou l’invention collective. Outre qu’elles permettent à l’entrepreneur-innovateur de tirer profit de son travail d’innovation, certaines approches informelles ne sont pas de nature à remettre en cause l’altruisme qui fonde la vie sociale dans le secteur informel. D’autres approches informelles assurent une meilleure protection de l’innovation contre l’imitation mais présentent l’inconvénient de compromettre la solidarité au sein de la communauté. L’invention collective s’avère compatible avec l’altruisme qui caractérise l’innovation frugale et les relations sociales dans le secteur informel. Codes JEL : L2, M1, O3
Géopolitique du nickel : Indonésie/Nouvelle-Calédonie, destins liés ?
Authors: Pantz Pierre-Christophe 
Published: August 2024

La Nouvelle-Calédonie et l’Indonésie ont en commun l’exploitation du nickel. Le secteur du premier est désormais en crise suite à la concurrence du second, plus compétitif sur le marché. Or, le nickel pèse pour 94 % de ses exportations : pour Nouméa, il s’agit d’un enjeu politique majeur avec le risque d’un effondrement de cette industrie, d’où l’obligation d’entamer une réflexion collective pour sortir du « tout nickel »
Le Pacifique à l’horizon 2000
Authors: Servoise René 
Published: August 2024

La région du Pacifique constitue un ensemble économique, rivalisant d’importance avec ce qu’était la Communauté économique européenne (CEE), devenue depuis l’UE, et le monde nord-américain. Quelles que soient l’aire géographique et les structures de coopération, les États européens doivent observer attentivement l’évolution de cette zone, la plus dynamique du monde. Ils doivent le faire dans des conditions comparables à celles qu’ils ont octroyées à Bruxelles aux riverains du Pacifique : le principe de réciprocité et le rôle de l’Europe dans le développement de ce bassin justifiaient déjà ce réajustement dès les années 1990.
Extrême droite, sionisme et Israël
Authors: Stambul Pierre 
Published: August 2024

Arrivée au pouvoir pour la première fois en 1977, l’extrême droite israélienne est devenue hégémonique, politiquement et sociologiquement. Le colonialisme, le nationalisme et le militarisme ont favorisé cette ascension. Malgré ses divisions, l’extrême droite a su conquérir majoritairement les Juifs orientaux, les religieux, les militaires, les Russes… Sous sa férule, les différents gouvernements israéliens s’acharnent à détruire la société palestinienne. Les barrières morales se sont écroulées et, sans sanctions internationales, cette politique violente et raciste va perdurer.
Maintien des seniors dans l’emploi en Europe
Authors: Le Garrec Gilles , Touzé Vincent 
Published: August 2024

Cet article dresse un bilan de la capacité que les principaux pays européens ont eue à faire face au vieillissement accéléré de leur population active depuis 2008. L’analyse se concentre précisément sur dix pays : l’Allemagne, l’Autriche, la Belgique, le Danemark, l’Espagne, la Finlande, la France, l’Italie, les Pays-Bas et la Suède. Les réformes des systèmes de retraite depuis les années 1990 ont entraîné un recul progressif de l’âge moyen de la retraite, ce qui a augmenté le taux d’activité des seniors. S’est alors posée la question de leur maintien dans l’emploi, en considérant les spécificités liées à leur âge, telles que l’expérience acquise, l’obsolescence du capital humain ou encore un état de santé potentiellement dégradé, et comment elles peuvent influencer leur intégration professionnelle (productivité, salaire et contrat de travail). Les stratégies européennes et nationales ont visé à adapter les marchés du travail afin de répondre aux caractéristiques des seniors. Elles se sont notamment appuyées sur les axes suivants : formation professionnelle tout au long de la vie, lutte contre la discrimination basée sur l’âge, adaptation des postes, management des âges, flexibilité du temps de travail. Malgré des performances différenciées, une convergence des taux d’emploi des seniors s’est observée, les pays ayant eu un retard important en 2008 connaissant les plus fortes hausses par la suite. Deux groupes se distinguent néanmoins : ceux historiquement en avance et qui ont maintenu une certaine dynamique (Allemagne, Pays-Bas, Suède, Danemark et Finlande) et ceux en retard qui s’inscrivent aussi dans un schéma de convergence mais qui sont à la traîne sur l’emploi des 60-64 ans (France, Espagne, Italie, Belgique et Autriche).
Les jeux olympiques, objet et vitrine des relations internationales ?
Authors: Gillon Pascal 
Published: August 2024

Le sport est entré dans l’arène des relations internationales dès le début du XX e siècle et n’en est jamais ressorti depuis. Fort de sa dramaturgie et vecteur symbolique d’un affrontement « pacifique » entre nations, il s’est particulièrement épanoui lors des Jeux olympiques, rendez-vous médiatique mondialisé. Cette compétition est le produit du système olympique réunissant une sphère sportive, dominée par le CIO, une sphère économique constituée des diffuseurs et des sponsors, une sphère de régulation (Tribunal arbitral du sport et Agence mondiale antidopage) et des acteurs externes qui tentent d’utiliser cette dernière à des fins géopolitiques (États et ONG). Ce sont principalement les États qui instrumentalisent le sport en utilisant des outils de relations internationales comme la reconnaissance, les stratégies d’influence et de puissance. Les ONG et les athlètes sont des acteurs qui agissent plutôt en passagers clandestins avec leurs propres techniques ( naming and shaming et l’ ambush marketing ) pour les ONG. Quant au CIO, il tente de conserver le contrôle des Jeux en utilisant son droit de reconnaissance et son corollaire, l’exclusion, pour y parvenir. Par ailleurs, il a dû développer une diplomatie économique et sportive pour tenter de contrer certaines stratégies d’influence tentées par les autres acteurs et se rapprocher de l’ONU.
Probiotic microorganisms affect the reproductive and nervous systems of male rats treated with acrylamide
Authors: Hekmatimoghaddam Seyedhossein , Yadegari Maryam , Zare Fateme , Zakizadeh Fatemeh , Seifati Seyed Mohammad 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
To evaluate the protective effects of probiotic microorganisms on the reproductive and nervous systems of male rats treated with acrylamide.

Methods:
Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and received normal saline through gavage (control), acrylamide 20 mg/kg body weight, acrylamide plus probiotic microorganisms (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium infantis, Streptococcus thermophilus and fructooligosaccharides, all mixed in sachets) 20 or 200 mg/kg body weight, respectively. After 30 days, the testis, prostate, seminal vesicle and cerebellum were removed, fixed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H & E). The Johnsen score was used to classify spermatogenesis. Cavalieri's principle method was used to evaluate the total volume (in mm3) of the testes. The number of each intratubular cell type as well as intertubular Leydig cells in whole samples was measured using the physical dissector counting techniques. Stereological analysis and the grids were used to determine the volume of cerebellar layers as well as the Purkinje cell number.

Results:
The testis weight decreased significantly in the acrylamide- treated group compared to the other groups (P<0.001). The number of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids and Leydig cells in the acrylamide-treated group were significantly less compared to the control group (P<0.05), while they were increased significantly in the acrylamide+200 mg/kg probiotic group (P<0.05; P<0.01). The mean Johnsen score in the acrylamide-treated group was lower than in the control group (P<0.001). Acrylamide-induced changes including congestion, vacuolization in the secretory epithelial cells, and epithelial rupture were observed in the prostate and seminal vesicle. The volumes of cerebellar layers were decreased in the acrylamide group compared to the control group while recovered in both probiotic treated groups.

Conclusions:
Probiotic microorganisms alleviate acrylamide- induced toxicities against the reproductive and cerebellar tissues in rats.