bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐step preparation of intrinsic solid–solid phase change materials with excellent anti‐leakage and form‐stable performance
Authors: Xiao Changren , Yin Xinpeng , Chen Jiaqi , Wang Yanshuo , Liao Wenming , Zhang Jiangyun , Jiang Wenzhao , Tu Chaoqun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhase change materials (PCM) often encounter severe problems of leakage and shape collapse concerns. Chemical modification methods, utilizing chemical bonds to bind phase change molecular chains, have the potential to address the above‐mentioned problems radically. However, this approach often entails the use of expensive raw materials and complex processes. Therefore, a simple one‐pot preparation method had been reported using earth‐abundant and inexpensive octadecyl methacrylate (OMA) and 1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate (HD) as raw materials to prepare PCM with a molecular structure of cross‐linked polymer main chains and phase change side chains through free radical polymerization. Owing to the three‐dimensional polymer main chain structure, it exhibited excellent leakage‐proof performance, maintaining its form‐stable nature at 70°C with no obvious leakage observed during the phase change process, confirming it to be an excellent intrinsic solid–solid PCM (SSPCM). Additionally, the introduction of the cross linking segment significantly improves its thermal stability, and the 50% degradation temperature increased significantly from 228.8 to 355.9°C. Moreover, the latent heat increased with the decrease of the crosslinking density until the molar ratio of HD/OMA was reduced to 1/40 and then tended to reach constant. At the optimal ratio the latent heat of SSPCM can reach 88.23 J g−1. Excessive crosslinking density will affect the stacking tightness of molecular chains during the crystallization process, thereby reducing the latent heat.
Enhancing DSSCs and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production with D‐A1‐A2‐π‐A Sensitizers Containing 10′H‐Spiro [Fluorene‐9,9′‐Phenanthren]‐10′‐one and Benzo[c][1,2,5]Thiadiazole
Authors: Li Hsin , Shen Xiao‐Feng , Lin Ying‐Sheng , Lin Yu Hsuan , Hung Yu‐Tong , Chen Nai‐Hwa , Watanabe Motonori , Chang Yuan Jay 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNovel D‐A1‐A2‐π‐A organic sensitizers (FZ‐sensitizer), utilizing spiro [fluorene‐9,9′‐phenanthren]‐10′‐one and benzo [c][1,2,5]thiadiazole moiety as two auxiliary acceptors, are synthesized and applied in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and hydrogen production. By incorporating a bulky spiro [fluorene‐9,9′‐phenanthrene]‐10′‐one (A1) and benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (A2) between the donor (D) and π‐bridge moiety, structural modifications inhibit molecular aggregation, while the carbonyl group enhances the capture of Li+ ions, thereby delaying charge recombination. Furthermore, the extended π‐conjugation broadens the light absorption range and enhances the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of FZ‐2 under AM1.5 conditions, achieving up to 5.72%. Co‐sensitization with N719 and FZ‐2 shows PCE of 9.60% under one sun. Under TL84 indoor light conditions, the efficiency is 29.69% at 2500 lux. The superior co‐sensitization performance of N719 and FZ‐2 can be attributed to FZ‐2′s high absorptivity at short wavelengths, compensating for N719′s shortcomings in this range. FZ‐sensitizers also exhibit high efficiency in photocatalytic hydrogen production. The hydrogen production activities of FZ‐2 are 9190 μmol/g (1 hour) and 76582 μmol/g (12 hours) respectively, while those of FZ‐1 are 7430 μmol/g (1 hour) and 64004 μmol/g (12 hours), indicating that FZ‐2 can inject charges into TiO2 more efficiently and utilize them for water splitting. Stability testing of photocatalytic water splitting after 12 hours shows a turnover number (TON) of 4249 for FZ‐1 and 5378 for FZ‐2.
Ion‐Pairing: A Bygone Treatment of Electrolyte Solutions?
Authors: Colbin Lars Olow Simon , Shao Yunqi , Younesi Reza 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe field of battery research has advanced significantly in the past 50 years. Despite the importance of electrolyte solutions for these devices, the battery community's perception of this essential component arguably aligns more with the 19th century reasoning than the 20th centuries advancements. This paper traces the historical evolution of electrolyte theories, emphasizing the consequences of an overly ion‐pairing‐centric view, and the benefits of a more nuanced analysis. A quantitative example is provided. It will be shown that an association constant of
can be obtained from conductivity measurements of sodium acetate in water. However, studying the activity coefficients of this electrolyte reveals that this association constant would result in an unreasonable scenario where the free ions behave as uncharged particles at low concentrations. The aim is to promote a nuanced perspective on electrolyte solutions within the battery community, while also providing a collection of reputable references for the interested readers further studies.
Combination of Callyspongia sp. and Stem Cells for Wound Repair and Skin Regeneration: in Vivo and in Silico Evidences
Authors: Maher Zahran Eman , Abdelwahab Miada F. , Mohyeldin Reham H. , Tammam Omar Y. , Abdel‐Maqsoud Nehad M. Reda , Altemani Faisal H. , Algehainy Naseh A. , Alanazi Mohammed A. , Jalal Mohammed M. , Elrehany Mahmoud A. , Bringmann Gerhard , Ramadan Abdelmohsen Usama 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDelayed healing of chronic wounds results in amputation and mortality rates in serious cases. The present study examines the merged wound‐restorative efficacy of injectable bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and topical Callyspongia sp. extract in immunocompromised rats. HR‐LC–MS analysis of Callyspongia sp. extract tentatively identified twenty‐nine compounds (1–29) and highlighted its richness in fatty acids and terpenoids, known for their wound regenerating efficacies. The wound closure was greatly prominent in the BMMSCs/Callyspongia sp. group in contrast to the control group (p<0.001). The RT‐PCR gene expression emphasized these results by attenuating the oxidative, inflammatory, and immunity markers, further confirmed by histopathological findings. Additionally, in silico modeling was particularly targeting matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP9), a key player in wound healing processes. Computational analysis revealed that compounds 18 and 19 potentially modulate MMP9 activity. The combination of BMMSCs and topical Callyspongia sp. extract holds a promise for regenerative therapy constituting a drastic advance in the wound cure of immunocompromised patients, eventually further safety assessments and clinical trials are required.
Gas Evolution in Li‐Ion Rechargeable Batteries: A Review on Operando Sensing Technologies, Gassing Mechanisms, and Emerging Trends
Authors: Zheng Tianye , Muneeswara Madithedu , Bao Haihong , Huang Jiaqiang , Zhang Leiting , Hall David S. , Boles Steven T. , Jin Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGas evolution is fundamentally problematic in rechargeable batteries, and may lead to swelling, smoking, and device‐level failure. In laboratories, monitoring gas evolution can help understand dynamic chemical events inside battery cells, such as the formation of solid‐electrolyte interphases, structural change of electrodes, and electrolyte degradation reactions. However, gassing in commercial batteries, discrete or continuous, is not monitored due to a lack of compatible sensing technologies. Here we describe the working principles of four real‐time gas monitoring technologies for lithium‐ion batteries. Gassing mechanisms and reaction pathways of five major gaseous species, namely H2, C2H4, CO, CO2, and O2, are comprehensively summarized. Since pertinent progress has been made on the optical fiber‐based sensing of strain, pressure, and temperature of various battery cells recently, special emphasis has been given to fiber‐based laser spectroscopy for gas detection. The technical details of the fiber‐enhanced photothermal spectroscopy are compared with the four gas sensing technologies, and the commercialization possibilities are discussed. Owing to its small size, flexibility, and robustness, fiber‐based sensing technology can be compatible with almost all kinds of battery cells, showcasing their great potential in various applications. It is envisioned that gas‐event monitoring of rechargeable cells can be unlocked soon by utilizing fiber‐based gas spectroscopy.
A scoping review: Screening questionnaires for identifying tanning addiction
Authors: Meisenheimer John , Sobotka Michelle , Yang Ronald , Dellavalle Robert P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionThere is a growing body of evidence that ultraviolet (UV) tanning, whether practiced in indoor tanning salons or outdoors in the sun, is not only linked to detrimental health outcomes but is also addictive through both psychological and physiological mechanisms. In clinical practice, it can be challenging to determine which patients will continue tanning despite being at high risk for developing skin cancer. Our study seeks to identify all available screening questionnaires for tanning addiction that could be used in clinical practice and report on published measures of validity for each screening questionnaire.MethodsAn exhaustive literature search of EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus was performed using search criteria including the concepts “UV” and “Addiction.” The most recent search was performed in March 2024 and included all articles from database inception to the time of the search. Studies were included if they reported on screening questionnaires for UV addiction. Articles were excluded from the study if they did not report primary data or did not report on measures of questionnaire validity. Methodology was created using best practices for scoping reviews.ResultsAfter identifying 171 articles, 106 articles underwent full‐text review, and 26 were included in data extraction. We identified nine questionnaires for tanning addiction, with the modified Cut‐down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye‐opener (mCAGE), and modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (mDSM) being most frequently reported on, and the Behavioral Addiction Indoor Tanning Screener (BAITS) being the most promising for future use.ConclusionsThis information should be used to choose questionnaires to be studied against a “gold‐standard” of a panel of psychologists. After defining accuracy of diagnostic tests, studies can be designed to examine interventions for treating tanning addiction, so at‐risk patients can receive specialized therapy, reducing the overall burden of skin cancers.
Women's multi‐faceted roles in peacebuilding initiatives: Insights from pastoral communities in west Pokot County, Kenya
Authors: Kong'ani Lilian Namuma S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWomen are central custodians of their families. Women constitute at least half of the population in most countries worldwide, yet their role in peacebuilding is often undermined, especially among the pastoral communities where patriarchal structures dominate. Women are increasingly being acknowledged as dual agents of conflicts and peace but the dearth of knowledge on their contribution in peacebuilding would jeopardize policy interventions around women, security, and peace. This article leveraged qualitative research design. Data was collected through semi‐structured and key informant interviews, focus groups, and case narrations, with women in West Pokot County, Kenya, who had been actively involved in peacebuilding activities to unveil their roles in peacebuilding in this conflict‐stricken region. Participant observation and archival data were also employed in the study. Thematic content analysis denoted an inhospitable region with elusive socio‐economic progress occasioned by protracted intra‐ and intercommunity conflicts driving women's fight for peace. From developing early warning systems and leveraging their matriarchal influence, social networks, religious spaces, and integration of cultural perspectives in peacemaking, Pokot women deterred warriors from cattle rustling promoting peace in the region. The transformative peacebuilding efforts of Pokot women advocate for a paradigm shift in global conflict resolution strategies emphasizing inclusion, adaptability and sustainability.
Updates on germline predisposition in pediatric hematologic malignancies: What is the role of flow cytometry?
Authors: Demko Nadine , Geyer Julia T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHematologic neoplasms with germline predisposition have been increasingly recognized as a distinct category of tumors over the last few years. As such, this category was added to the World Health Organization (WHO) 4th edition as well as maintained in the WHO 5th edition and International Consensus Classification (ICC) 2022 classification systems. In practice, these tumors require a high index of suspicion and confirmation by molecular testing. Flow cytometry is a cost‐effective diagnostic tool that is routinely performed on peripheral blood and bone marrow samples. In this review, we sought to summarize the current body of research correlating flow cytometric immunophenotype to assess its utility in diagnosis of and clinical decision making in germline hematologic neoplasms. We also illustrate these findings using cases mostly from our own institution. We review some of the more commonly mutated genes, including CEBPA, DDX41, RUNX1, ANKRD26, GATA2, Fanconi anemia, Noonan syndrome, and Down syndrome. We highlight that flow cytometry may have a role in the diagnosis (GATA2, Down syndrome) and screening (CEBPA) of some germline predisposition syndromes, although appears to show nonspecific findings in others (DDX41, RUNX1). In many of the others, such as ANKRD26, Fanconi anemia, and Noonan syndrome, further studies are needed to better understand whether specific flow cytometric patterns are observed. Ultimately, we conclude that further studies such as large case series and organized data pipelines are needed in most germline settings to better understand the flow cytometric immunophenotype of these neoplasms.
Machine learning deployment for energy monitoring of Internet of Things nodes in smart agriculture
Authors: John Shemin T. , Sarkar Pradip , Davis Robin 
Published: June 2024

SummaryLow‐Power Wide‐Area Network technologies, such as LoRa, are gaining popularity in the agricultural sector for field deployment. The crucial factors in these devices are their range and power efficiency. The energy consumption of a LoRa wireless sensor network is predominantly affected by transmission parameters like carrier frequency, bandwidth, transmit power, spreading factor, and coding rate. Incorrect chosen transmission parameters can lead to a reduction in the battery life of end nodes, requiring frequent battery replacements—a situation undesirable for field deployment. This study introduces a machine learning deployment in the form of a web application designed to monitor the energy consumption of end nodes in LoRa wireless sensor networks. The research initially employs 12 regression models, including Linear, Random Forest, K‐Nearest Neighbours, Decision Tree, Support Vector, Lasso, Ridge, AdaBoost, Gradient Boost, XGBoost, CatBoost, and LightGBM models. The findings of the study reveal that the LightGBM model surpasses other models in accurately predicting the energy consumption of Internet of Things (IoT) nodes, leading to its selection for the web application. This machine learning web application can be implemented in a programmable Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) gateway to effectively monitor the energy consumption of IoT end nodes in the agricultural sector.
Study on the coupling effects between reactor coolant system and the internal structure on floor response spectrum of small modular reactor
Authors: Wu Xiting , Sun Xiaoying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccording to Chinese code and US standard review plan (US SRP), when the equipment and structure satisfy certain decoupling conditions, the seismic analysis of the structure is performed using a decoupling method, where only the mass of the equipment is considered in the structure. The reactor coolant system of small modular reactor (SMR) which is integrated is different from that of PWR, and it is more likely to affect the seismic response of the supporting structure. In this paper, a decoupling model was first constructed based on the decoupling principles in the code. Then, a coupled model is built by connecting the main loop system model with the structure. The floor response spectra of the decoupling model and the coupled model are analyzed separately using ACS SASSI software to investigate the coupling effect. By the comparison of the results, the preliminary conclusions are drawn as follows: the decoupling criteria in code are met for the internal structure and reactor coolant system. For hard rock site, the coupling effect has negligible influence on the in‐structure response spectra (ISRS) for most of the structure except the reactor pit, which shows obvious change in the high‐frequency region. For soft soil site, there is no remarkable influence on the ISRS of the structure even for the reactor pit due to the filter effect of the site to the high‐frequency component in the seismic input. For the site with shear wave velocity greater than 1100 m/s, the influence of couple effect cannot be ignored.
In situ epoxidation of oleic acid with applied natural zeolite as a catalyst
Authors: Azmi Intan Suhada , Adnan Siti Aisyah , Masri Asiah Nusaibah , Nurherdiana Silvana Dwi , Abdullah Siti Nadia , Jalil Mohd Jumain 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing demand for environmentally friendly epoxides made from vegetable oils. Therefore, the use of materials from renewable resources, was implemented in this study with natural zeolite as a catalyst being chosen over synthetic zeolite because synthetic zeolite mostly consists of strong corrosive materials. The aims of this research to determine the effect of catalyst concentration on the relative conversion of oxirane (RCO). RCO was the highest at 30 min of the reaction for sunflower oil, being 72% at 80°C using a 0.25 g concentration of catalyst. Meanwhile, for palm oil, the highest RCO was only 52% at 80°C. Lastly, MATLAB software was used to develop a mathematical model for determination rate constant. In this model, the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order was combined with genetic algorithm optimization to for development of kinetic model that best fitted with the experimental data.
Shake table tests of steel moment resisting frame with self‐centering SMA‐based isolators
Authors: Huang Jiahao , Zhu Songye , Wang Bin , Chen Zhi‐peng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates a steel moment resisting frame (MRF) with a novel type of self‐centering (SC) base isolators, wherein superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) U‐shaped dampers (SMAUDs) work as core components. A two‐story steel MRF model equipped with two SMAUD‐based isolators was designed and built in the laboratory, and a series of shake table tests were conducted to examine the dynamic behavior and seismic performance of the frame. Throughout all the tests, no interventions, such as repair or replacement of frame or isolator members, were done. Shake table test results demonstrated that the SMAUD‐based isolators could withstand multiple strong earthquakes with stable SC behavior. The utilization of SMAUD‐based isolators provided effective protection for the frame, enabling it to restore its original position with minimal structural damage. A numerical model of the tested steel MRF with SMAUD‐based isolators was also built. The results obtained from the numerical analyses agreed with those of the shake table tests satisfactorily. A comparative study of the seismic performance between the MRF with SMAUD‐based isolators and the MRF with traditional steel U‐shaped damper‐based isolators was also conducted in the shake table tests. The results showed that SMAUD‐based isolators not only inherit the isolation function of conventional isolators to protect the frame but also possess an SC ability to eliminate residual isolator deformation effectively. Moreover, SMAUD‐based isolators demonstrate remarkable resilience to withstand multiple strong seismic events without any need for repair or replacement.
Social cognition and bulimic symptoms in male undergraduate students: The conditional effect of emotion dysregulation
Authors: Kwan Mun Yee , Dodd Dorian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveResearch demonstrates associations between poor social cognition and eating disorder (ED) pathology. Moreover, research shows that individuals with EDs struggle with emotion regulation. The present study replicates and extends the literature on social cognition and ED pathology, which previously focused largely on symptoms of anorexia nervosa among women while the present study focuses on symptoms of bulimia nervosa among undergraduate men. Further, this study tests the hypothesis that better emotion regulation mitigates the association between social cognition and ED pathology.MethodsAt a single timepoint, undergraduate males (n = 520) completed a series of questionnaires, and a task assessing mentalising, a key element of social cognition.ResultsConsistent with hypotheses, bulimic symptoms were associated with worse mentalising and worse self‐reported emotion regulation. Moreover, the association between mentalising and bulimic symptomatology was conditional on emotion regulation, such that it was strongest among those with more difficulties regulating their emotions.ConclusionResults are consistent with existing theories that highlight an interplay between interpersonal (e.g., mentalisation) and intrapersonal (e.g., affective functioning) factors in relation to ED symptomatology. Among undergraduate males, bulimic symptoms were associated with worse mentalisation. However, a good ability to regulate emotions interrupted this association.
Water content and ground temperature variations in the active layer of a rock glacier in the Central Andes of San Juan, Argentina
Authors: López Martín Mendoza , Baldis Carla Tapia , Liaudat Dario Trombotto , Pastore Silvio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper analyses the response of the active layer between 2018 and 2020 in a typical rock glacier in the Central Andes of Argentina, in terms of volumetric water content and ground temperature variations. The period 2018–2020 coincided with the warmest and driest years of the last fourth decades in the Central Andes, reflected also in the reduced cooling periods, and decreased extent and duration of snow coverage. We performed sedimentological studies and calculations of thermal properties, along with measurements of water content and soil temperature in the top meter of soil within the active layer. Afterward, using the Coupled Heat and Mass Transfer Model for the Soil–Plant–Atmosphere System (COUP) model software, a number of selected parameters were adjusted to get the best correlation between measured and simulated data, using air temperature and precipitation datasets from global reanalysis models as inputs. This numerical model allowed to interpret the physical processes driven by thermal and hydrological fluxes within the active layer of rock glaciers in the Central Andes. During the autumn, we observed upward migration of moisture controlled by cryosuction at the freezing front. Maximum soil water content and downward moisture migration take place in the end of winter and during the spring, starting with snowmelt and seasonal ice thawing. However, the upper part of the active layer remained much drier than saturation over the simulation period (2018–2019). From the hydrological balance analysis, it is deduced that the studied soil profile receives some inflow of groundwater during spring and summer. Results contribute to better understand the Andean cryo‐lithozone and may be a reference to study other rock glaciers using little and accessible equipment.