bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A complementation assay for in vivo protein structure/function analysis in Physcomitrella patens (Funariaceae)
Authors: Scavuzzo‐Duggan Tess R. , Chaves Arielle M. , Roberts Alison W. 
Published: July 2015

Premise of the study:A method for rapid in vivo functional analysis of engineered proteins was developed using Physcomitrella patens.Methods and Results:A complementation assay was designed for testing structure/function relationships in cellulose synthase (CESA) proteins. The components of the assay include (1) construction of test vectors that drive expression of epitope‐tagged PpCESA5 carrying engineered mutations, (2) transformation of a ppcesa5 knockout line that fails to produce gametophores with test and control vectors, (3) scoring the stable transformants for gametophore production, (4) statistical analysis comparing complementation rates for test vectors to positive and negative control vectors, and (5) analysis of transgenic protein expression by Western blotting. The assay distinguished mutations that generate fully functional, nonfunctional, and partially functional proteins.Conclusions:Compared with existing methods for in vivo testing of protein function, this complementation assay provides a rapid method for investigating protein structure/function relationships in plants.
Development and characterization of microsatellite loci for Ficus hirta (Moraceae)
Authors: Zheng Linna , Nason John D. , Liang Dan , Ge Xuejun , Yu Hui 
Published: July 2015

Premise of the study:Microsatellite primers were developed to investigate population genetic structure in Ficus hirta (Moraceae).Methods and Results:Sixteen microsatellite primers were developed and optimized for F. hirta using Illumina paired‐end sequencing of pre‐receptive and receptive developmental‐phase female flowers. Out of 16 primers, nine were found to be polymorphic in four populations of F. hirta. Alleles per locus ranged from two to 15 across the 94 F. hirta individuals, while within‐population observed and expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 0.000 to 0.955 and from 0.000 to 0.882, respectively. In addition, the 16 primers were tested in 29 additional Ficus species, with all found to amplify in at least 11 of these species and with most amplifying in a majority of the species.Conclusions:This set of microsatellite primers is the first specifically developed for F. hirta and will facilitate studies of genetic diversity within and genetic differentiation among populations of Ficus species.
Isolation via next‐generation sequencing of microsatellites from the Tasmanian macroalgae Lessonia corrugata (Lessoniaceae)
Authors: Durrant Halley M. S. , Burridge Christopher P. , Gardner Michael G. 
Published: July 2015

Premise of the study:Microsatellite markers for the macroalgae Lessonia corrugata (Lessoniaceae) were developed, for the first time, to enable population genetic assessment of this important foundation species.Methods and Results:Ion Torrent sequencing identified 16,622 loci, 29 of which were trialed in L. corrugata. Seven loci were found to be polymorphic and screened for variation in 76 individuals from two populations in Tasmania, Australia. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.086 to 0.686 (mean 0.386) and the number of alleles per locus ranged from two to five (mean 2.57). Heterozygosity was not significantly different from expected values.Conclusions:These loci can be used to study the population genetics of L. corrugata, a key habitat‐forming species in the Tasmanian marine ecosystem, and will help to assess gene flow among spatially discrete populations such as those in marine protected areas.
Attitude and Practice toward Delivering of Verbal Postoperative Instructions by Undergraduates and Trainees: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Wali Aisha , Siddiqui Talha M , Shamim Aisha , Majeed Tabassum , Khan Miran 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Dentists’ knowledge and attitudes toward oral health concern provides the structure for their professional work and should be able to convey evidence-based knowledge of oral healthcare to the community. The delivery of safe and appropriate care and instructions to patients is of prime importance to dental professionals.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted for analysis of attitude and practice toward delivering of postoperative instructions by undergraduates and trainees. A cluster sampling technique was used and 220 forms were distributed in five dental institutes of Karachi. Two hundred forms were fully filled and returned. Students of final year and house surgeons were included in the study. Data were statistically analyzed for frequencies and percentages with Chi-square test using SPSS version 19.

Results
The result of the present study reported that 124 (62%) of the respondents informed the patients that how long the anesthesia will last and numbing wears off. One hundred and eleven (55.5%) of the respondents delivered verbal postoperative instructions after amalgam restoration and 127 (63.5%) after composite restorations. One hundred and thirty-one (65.5%) of the respondents informed patients about temporary filling materials. One hundred and twenty-two (61%) of the respondents delivered the verbal instructions after placing a post or doing core build-ups. Ninety-nine (49.5%) of the respondents verbally explained the importance of full coverage crown.

Conclusion
The present study concluded that majority of the students and trainees are lacking in uttering the required postoperative instructions after restorative treatment.

How to cite this article
Wali A, Siddiqui TM, Shamim A, Majeed T, Khan M. Attitude and Practice toward Delivering of Verbal Postoperative Instructions by Undergraduates and Trainees: A Descriptive Study. World J Dent 2015;6(2):71-76.
Prevalence of Anterior Tooth Fracture due to Trauma
Authors: Abootty Shaheen , Attavar Shruthi 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim
To evaluate the prevalence of anterior tooth fracture due to trauma in 2000 patients randomly from the population of south Canara district.

Materials and methods
The present study was conducted on 2000 patients attending the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Dental College, Mangalore, and rural satellite centers of Nitte University. Each patient was examined for anterior tooth fracture due to trauma under dental chair in a good illumination of light using sterilized mouth mirror, explorer, tweezer and teeth are isolated by cotton roles. The patient who had anterior tooth fracture were questioned with a standard questionnaire from oral health survey WHO format 2013, to find its relation associated to age, gender, location, occupation, etiology, type of fracture and its relation to molar.

Results
According to the present study, prevalence of anterior tooth fracture due to trauma in south Canara population was low and found to be 18.8% with increase in prevalence in males (56.2%) between the age group of 36 and 45 years (33.2%), common etiological factor seen was falls (44.7%). The most common type of fracture was enamel-dentine fracture (44.7%) with class 1 molar relation (55.6%).

Conclusion
The prevalence of anterior tooth fracture due to trauma was most commonly seen in males with increased prevalence in age group between 36 and 45 years, common etiological factor being falls, type of fracture most commonly seen are cases with enamel-dentine fracture with class 1 molar relation.

How to cite this article
Hegde MN, Abootty S, Attavar S. Prevalence of Anterior Tooth Fracture due to Trauma. World J Dent 2015;6(2):77-81.
Evaluation of Prevalence of Bacteria Helicobacter pylori in Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chaudhary Minal , Gawande Madhuri , Sharma Preethi 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
Cancer is a complex disease that is variable in its presentation, development and outcome. The same heterogeneity and variability exist at the cellular and molecular level. Cancer is a multistep process during which cells undergo intense metabolic and behavioral changes, leading them to proliferate in an extreme and early way to escape supervision by the immune system and ultimately invades distant tissues to form metastases. Globally, almost 20% of cancers are related to infectious agents. Several viruses with oncogenic potential stimulate cell proliferation leading to cancer in animals and humans. Viruses, in particular, have been found to play a major role in the process of cancer involving several organs. Bacterial species related with cancer etiology are varied; however, the infections they cause have common characteristics. The association between Helicobacter pylori and gastric carcinoma is well established but the association between H. pylori and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not evident. Studies have also reported the existence of H. pylori in the oral cavity, but whether the oral cavity serves as an extra gastric source for H. pylori or carries the organism only transiently is debatable. Hence, with this aim in the mind, we conducted the present study to evaluate the incidence of H. pylori in premalignant disorders and OSCC.

How to cite this article
Sharma P, Gawande M, Chaudhary M. Evaluation of Prevalence of Bacteria Helicobacter pylori in Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. World J Dent 2015;6(2):82-86.
Large Dentigerous Cyst associated with Supernumerary Canine with Unilateral Nasal Obstruction: An Unusual Case
Authors: Bhattacharjee Abhinandan , Chakraborty Adity , Rathor Aakanksha , Talukdar Bandana 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
Dentigerous cyst is the most frequent developmental odontogenic cysts. It forms in relation to unerupted teeth, decidous teeth or supernumerary tooth as seen in our case. It is common in younger individuals in lower jaw involving mostly the third molar region. Here, we report a case of 25 years old female with a large dentigerous cyst of right maxilla who presented with complete unilateral nasal obstruction. Radiologically, a supernumerary tooth was seen located superiorly in the medial wall of the maxillary antrum. The cyst was surgically removed through a gingivobuccal sulcus incision. Although, Weber Fergusson incision is generally required for removal of large cysts, sublabial or Caldwell-Luc approach is equally useful for large cyst removal and is also more cosmetically acceptable.

How to cite this article
Bhattacharjee A, Chakraborty A, Rathor A, Talukdar B. Large Dentigerous Cyst associated with Supernumerary Canine with Unilateral Nasal Obstruction: An Unusual Case. World J Dent 2015;6(2):104-107.
Osteonecrosis of the Jaw associated with the Use of Bisphosphonates
Authors: Bandéca Matheus Coelho , Diniz Rafael Soares , Maciel Francisco José Lima , De Almeida Bastos Maciel Andrezza , Araújo Marcio Antônio Rodrigues , Lamha Ana Paula Fernandes , Pereira Erika Martins 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
The bisphosphonates (BPs) are drugs used to treat metabolic bone diseases involving intense bone resorption. These compounds are capable of altering the bone remodeling by decreasing osteoclast activity. However, the changes that these drugs cause to the bones of patients without a history of cervico-facial radiotherapy can result in a complication called osteonecrosis of the jaw, which is caused by dental surgery, trauma or infections. Osteonecrosis of the jaw is characterized by an exposed necrotic bone in the maxillofacial region, persisting for prolonged periods without complete healing. Based on clinical experience and literature review, the aim of the present study was to describe a clinical case of a patient with osteoporosis taking alendronate (Fosamax®) to control the progression of the disease with a characteristic clinical condition of osteonecrosis of the jaw. We evaluated the etiological factors, the relationship between BPs and osteonecrosis of the jaw, the mechanisms of action and possible treatments.

How to cite this article
Diniz RS, Maciel FJL, De Almeida Bastos Maciel A, Araújo MAR, Lamha APF, Bandeca MC, Pereira EM. Osteonecrosis of the Jaw associated with the Use of Bisphosphonates. World J Dent 2015;6(2):116-122.
Influence of Different Ceramic Systems on the Polymerization of Dual-cured Resin Cement evaluated Immediately and after 24 Hours: An in vitro Study
Authors: Jain Nikhil V , Dugal Ramandeep , Madanshetty Pallavi , Poplai Gaurav R , Gharatkar Affaf A , Shinde Purva H 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

Background
To check the influence of different all-ceramic systems on the polymerization of a dual-cured resin cement, evaluated immediately and 24 hours after curing cycle.

Materials and methods
A total of 80 resin cement disk specimens (n = 20) were fabricated by polymerization through lithium disilicate disks (group B), leucite-reinforced disks (group C), zirconia disks (group D) and without an intervening ceramic disk (group A). Each group further consisted of two subgroups (n = 10), t30 and t60 according to two different exposure times of 30 and 60 seconds respectively. Each of the 80 resin disk specimens was evaluated for microhardness (VHN) immediately and after 24 hours, giving us a total of 160 readings. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used for multiple group comparisons followed by Tukey's post-hoc for group-wise comparisons.

Results
Direct activation (group A) of the resin cement showed statistically significant higher mean microhardness values as compared to the experimental groups (groups B, C and D), both immediately and after 24 hours. The mean microhardness for immediate postactivation was always inferior to the 24 hours postactivation test for both direct activation and through different ceramics. For immediate testing time, of both the 30 and 60 seconds curing cycle, there was a significant increase in the microhardness of the resin cement disks cured for 60 seconds through the different ceramics (groups B, C and D) and direct light activation (group A). For the 24 hours testing time, of both the 30 and 60 seconds curing cycle, there was a significant increase in the microhardness of the resin cement disks cured for 60 seconds through the different ceramics except for the direct light-activation group.

Conclusion
Ceramic composition affected the polymerization of dual-cured resin cements. Doubling the light irradiation time significantly increased mean microhardness value. Greater degree of conversion leading to an increase in hardness was observed when the resin cement disks were evaluated after 24 hours.

How to cite this article
Jain NV, Dugal R, Madanshetty P, Poplai GR, Gharatkar AA, Shinde PH. Influence of Different Ceramic Systems on the Polymerization of Dual-cured Resin Cement evaluated Immediately and after 24 Hours. An in vitro Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2015;5(1):1-9.
Physical Properties and Biocompatibility of Oligochitosan Membrane Film as Wound Dressing
Authors: Ujang Zanariah , Rashid Ahmad Hazri Abdul , Suboh Siti Kasmarizawaty , Halim Ahmad Sukari , Lim Chin Keong 
Published: July 2015

Background The physical and biological characteristics of oligochitosan (O-C) film, including its barrier and mechanical properties, in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo biocompatibility, were studied to assess its potential use as a wound dressing. Methods Membrane films were prepared from water-soluble O-C solution blended with various concentrations of glycerol to modify the physical properties of the films. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluations were performed using primary human skin fibroblast cultures and subcutaneous implantation in a rat model, respectively. Results Addition of glycerol significantly influenced the barrier and mechanical properties of the films. Water absorption capacity was in the range of 80%-160%, whereas water vapor transmission rate varied from 1,180 to 1,618 g/m2 per day. Both properties increased with increasing glycerol concentration. Tensile strength decreased while elongation at break increased with the addition of glycerol. O-C films were found to be noncytotoxic to human fibroblast cultures and histological examination proved that films are biocompatible. Conclusion These results indicate that the membrane film from O-C has potential application as a wound-dressing material.
Floristic diversity and agricultural value of Phalaridetum arundinaceae (Koch 1926 n.n.) Lib. 1931 in the selected river valleys of the Zamość region
Authors: Wyłupek Teresa Grażyna , Ziemińska-Smyk Marta , Czarnecki Zbigniew 
Published: July 2015

<p>The study presents the results of a floristic survey conducted using the Braun-Blanquet method (50 phytosociological relevés) in permanent grasslands in three river valleys of the Zamość region (Por, Huczwa, Wieprz). The goal of the survey was to determine the floristic diversity and fodder value of the <em>Phalaridetum arundinaceae</em> association (Koch 1926 n.n.) Lib. 1931. </p><p>A total of 93 plant species from 25 botanical families were identified in the areas under study. The species richness of the <em>Phalaridetum arundinaceae</em> differed among river valleys. It was observed that these are often transitional forms similar to the association of the <em>Molinio-Arrhenatheretea</em> class, <em>Molinietalia</em> order. Predominance of hemicryptophytes and a relatively large share of geophytes was recorded. Based on the fodder value score calculated for the dry matter of the association, the community under study can be classified as having a medium or poor nutritional value.</p>
Édition et répertoire national au Québec
Authors: Robert Lucie 
Published: July 2015

L’édition théâtrale ne conserve à la mémoire qu’une partie de la représentation. Elle suppose un travail d’écriture, c’est-à-dire de mise en forme de la parole, et elle engage l’auteur dramatique à se concevoir comme un écrivain. Enfin, elle fixe le texte de manière à peu près définitive. Quels seraient les principes qui, au Québec, ont engagé l’édition de certains textes dramatiques et pas des autres? L’édition est-elle parvenue à constituer un véritable répertoire dramatique à la disposition des troupes, ou répond-elle d’abord à d’autres impératifs (littéraires, politiques ou pédagogiques)? A-t-elle contribué à la consécration de l’auteur dramatique comme écrivain et à la formation d’un « Parnasse des auteurs dramatiques » (Bourqui, Caldicott et Forestier,Le Parnasse du théâtre, 2007)? Enfin, y a-t-il vraiment au Québec un répertoire national? Telles sont les questions qui seront ici soulevées.
Faut-il oublier la création pour accéder au répertoire?
Authors: Beauchamp Hélène 
Published: July 2015

L’idée d’un répertoire théâtral au Québec est intimement liée à l’existence d’une dramaturgie nationale réclamée par l’auteur et metteur en scène Gratien Gélinas dès 1940. Il ouvre son théâtre de la Comédie canadienne en 1958 avec Un simple soldat de Marcel Dubé, autre auteur fondateur. À compter des années 1960, leurs pièces sont reprises et qualifiées désormais de « classiques ». Ma proposition est à l’effet qu’un répertoire est institué quand les pièces, ayant été reprises, quittent leurs premiers interprètes et gagnent en autonomie grâce à l’irrévérence et à la résistance de nouveaux metteurs en scène. Ces « classiques » sont alors traversés par d’autres imaginaires et produits selon des modes différents.
Ekphrasis
Authors: Nancy Jean-Luc 
Published: July 2015

Cette suite de fragments constitue autant d’approches de l’image (tableau, dessin, photographie) et du rapport entre voir et dire qu’elle suscite. Tout en proposant une définition précise de l’ekphrasis qui ne se réduit ni au commentaire, ni à l’analyse, ni à l’évaluation, mais se présente comme « parole issue de l’oeuvre », l’auteur la met ici à l’oeuvre en se tenant au plus près de chaque image et tente de « répondre » à ce qui se donne à voir au premier regard dans l’image, chaque fois de facture et de teneur diverses. Dans la coda, la notion d’exphansis est mise en regard de celle d’ekphrasis, retournant ainsi encore le rapport du texte et de l’image en opérant le passage de l’écriture de l’image à l’image de la pensée.
Lettre à Adel Abdessemed
Authors: Cixous Hélène 
Published: July 2015

Dans cette lettre adressée à l’artiste Adel Abdessemed qui accompagne une suite de dessins à la pierre noire intitulée Mon Enfant et une sculpture (« Untiltled ») offrant une version saisissante du motif du double sacrifice d’Abraham/Isaac, Hélène Cixous médite sur la puissance de l’art et de l’écriture, saluant en eux ce qui coupe le souffle quand ils captent dans l’acte, dans « l’instant arrêté », « le Sans Parole », le « Moment incompréhensible » qu’aucune phrase, aucun discours, ne peuvent « commenter, expliquer, affirmer ».
Aperçues (fragments d’un journal)1
Authors: Didi-Huberman Georges 
Published: July 2015

Dans ces notes prélevées de ses carnets qui s’échelonnent sur dix ans, Georges Didi-Huberman interroge la fragilité et la résistance entêtante de l’image, ce qui s’ouvre en elle et appelle le regard, à la limite de la perception et du sensible : détails insolites, approches et distances équivoques, signes continus et discontinus, déposition à l’oeuvre dans la composition même, cadrage et regard tranché, carnation et couleurs qui sont le réel sujet du tableau, chien rejeté dans l’ombre, juste devant nous, et que personne ne voit, ou encore ce fil rouge que, grâce à Vermeer, nous n’oublierons jamais. L’ekphrasis répond alors à ces choses aperçues, à peine visibles ou au contraire rendues visibles par l’image, juste « assez étranges pour êtres vues et interrogées ». Le langage qui entre en résonance avec elles n’est plus discours ni expression, mais « sortie du discours hors de lui-même en vue de décrire quelque chose qui semblait d’abord impossible à exprimer » – extases de phrases.
« Images pour que notre main s’émeuve »
Authors: Décarie Isabelle 
Published: July 2015

Depuis plus de trente ans, l’historien de l’art et philosophe Georges Didi-Huberman s’attache à exposer les conditions d’apparition de l’image et son rapport de plus en plus problématique, « en crise », dirait-il, à la représentation classique. Il s’agit dans cet article d’analyser la façon originale avec laquelle Didi-Huberman regarde une oeuvre d’art, depuis un angle toujours décalé qu’il emprunte à la psychanalyse et tout particulièrement à l’interprétation des rêves. Entre association d’idées et vision « voyante », concentration et attention flottante, l’approche de Didi-Huberman saisit au vol (comme la phalène auquel il fait souvent référence) ce que les historiens positivistes de l’art n’aperçoivent pas toujours dans une oeuvre. Se rapprochant en ce sens de Jacques Derrida qui, se tenant toujours aux abords de l’art, fait voir tout autre chose dans les « dessous » des oeuvres, Didi-Huberman convertit dès lors, par une attention sensible portée à l’écriture, le trouble qui lui vient quand il regarde par exemple un pan de matière brute de peinture dans une toile de Vermeer ou une souche carbonisée. En empruntant la langue des poètes, il cisèle son écriture d’allitérations, donnant ainsi une cadence sonore à son style qui se démarque de celui sans « papillonnage » de ses contemporains. Entre écriture et histoire, poésie et discours, les essais toujours inventifs de Didi-Huberman possèdent une qualité singulière où certaines questions entourant l’enfance, comme dans plusieurs textes de Derrida, semblent insister pour émouvoir le regard et l’écriture.