bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio-effects Monitoring of Workers in the Cotton Industry
Authors: Wali Khan Abdul , Nersesyan Armen 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThere is still unprotected and continuous exposure to cotton dusts, endotoxins, chemicals due to chemical and mechanical processes and to ergonomic hazards in the cotton industry of Pakistan, resulting in different types of public health problems in cotton workers. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of byssinosis and other public health problems in cotton factories of Faisalabad; to measure cotton dusts and endotoxins in different cotton factories and to correlate their effects on lungs via Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) and to determine cytotoxic and genotoxic cellular effects in buccal cells due to long term exposure to cotton dusts and endotoxins in exposed cotton workers against a controlled/non-exposed group. Public health problems and occupational safety will be assessed via a structured check list. A structured questionnaire will be administered to 800 cotton workers to determine the prevalence of byssinosis and other health problems. PFTs will be performed on selected exposed cotton workers. Cotton dusts and endotoxins will be measured in different sections of different cotton factories. Buccal cells will be collected from 50 exposed cotton weavers and also from similar numbered matched controlled/non-exposed group. The organic cotton dusts contain endotoxin which is associated with acute and chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract, resulting in decline in lung function and in a clinical condition called “byssinosis”, organic dust toxic syndrome and chronic airway obstruction. As the exposure leads to inflammation, so there may be cytotoxicity in buccal cells.
The Water Desorption Curves of Tobacco / Über die Wasserdesorption des Tabaks
Authors: Dimitris I. Zorbalas 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The evolution of the desorption curves of different Greek cigarette brands at a relative humidity of air of above 5 % is presented by means of the formula established by Brunauer, Emmet and Teller. The hygroscopic equilibrium attained with determined temperature and relative humidity of air depends on the yield of tobacco smoke condensate. The higher the condensate values are, the lower are the tobacco moisture levels. A quantitative relation could not be demonstrated
The Loss of Volatile Oils in Oriental Tobacco During Pre-Moistening in the Vacuum Chamber - Über den Verlust an ätherischen Ölen bei der Vorfeuchtung von Orienttabaken in der Vakuum-Kammer
Authors: Byckling E. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
If a firm processes all grades of tobacco in a vacuum chamber, it is feared that the conditions of temperature and pressure present will cause a deterioration in quality by loss of the volatile oils, and particularly in the oriental grades, which are rich in volatile oils. Four grades of Oriental tobacco were pre-moistened in the vacuum chamber under different conditions. We described an analytical method of determining the content of volatile oils in tobacco, and the samples of tobacco were tested by this method. For samples which had a volatile content of 0.15 %-0.21 %, and which had not been moistened in the vacuum chamber, the tests produced the following results: In the process which was used to moisten the Oriental tobacco, a single operation of pumping out the vacuum chamber to a pressure of less than 1/100th atmosphere and subsequent induction of steam, there was a loss of 5 % - 6 % of the total content of volatile oils. We then treated our samples and some American tobacco under the same conditions, but with the most intensive method of moistening, "Hi-Vac". After the first evacuation, a supply of steam was alternately sucked in and drawn off in four further stages. This resulted in 9 % -10 % of the total oil content of the tobacco going to waste. Tobacco experts observed that even a loss of 5 % - 6 % of the volatile oils was detrimental to the flavour of oriental mixtures. If, however, about 30 % of Oriental tobacco grades is added to the total mixture, no difference in flavour can be noticed.
Studies on the Water Binding Conditions of Lignin. A Model Study on the Water Binding Conditions of Tobacco - Untersuchungen über die Wasserbindungsverhältnisse des Lignins: Eine Modellstudie als Beitrag zur Klärung der WasserbindungsverhäItnisse des Tabaks
Authors: Jodl R. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Water is bound by lignin similar to a hydratate binding, by adsorption, by capillarity, and as crude moisture. This can be concluded from the evaluation of the sorption isothermes of lignin. Investigations by x-rays demonstrate that there was no intracrystalline integration of water molecules.
The Survival and Growth Rates of Woody Vegetation in the Man-Made Radějov Biocorridor During the Period of 1993 - 2012
Authors: Jelínek Boleslav , Úradníček Luboš 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The first biocorridors were established in the territory of the Czech Republic in the 1990s. One of them, planted on a former agricultural land, was the Radějov biocorridor. This paper deals with the growth and development of trees and shrubs on three permanent research plots in 1993 - 2012. Repeated inventories of trees as well as monitoring of their biometrical parameters were carried out in both tree and shrub layers. The number of trees decreases with the increasing level of stand canopy. Moreover, mean heights, diameters and crown projection areas of selected woody plants were compared. Under the given conditions, the growth of these woody plants can be positively evaluated.
Magnetic Susceptibility of Quasi-two-dimensional Cuprate Antiferromagnets
Authors: Rutonjski Milica S. , Pantić Milan R. , Radošević Slobodan M. , Pavkov-Hrvojević Milica V. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Parallel magnetic susceptibility temperature dependence of the high-TC superconducting parent compound La2CuO4 is calculated in both antiferromagnetic (AFM) and paramagnetic phase. By making use of the quantum Heisenberg three-dimensional AFM model including the in-plane spin anisotropy, the calculation is performed within the framework of three different theories: Green’s function theory in random-phase approximation (RPA), linear spinwave (LSW) theory and mean-field (MF) theory. The results suggest that at low temperatures quantum spin fluctuations play an important role, while at the temperatures above the critical one short-range correlations have a great impact on the behavior of the system. This leads to the discrepancy between RPA and MF results, since the later neglects the above phenomena. Further, LSW theory expectedly agrees with RPA results only at low temperatures where the magnon interactions are negligible. Comparison to the theoretical and experimental results quoted in literature confirms that RPA method presents the most appropriate method among the applied ones, suggesting that this approach is satisfactory in the case of the parallel magnetic susceptibility, while in order to reproduce the transversal one, spin-orbit coupling must be included.
Raman spectra of quasi-binary glasses As2S3−GeS2 doped with Er
Authors: Petrović V. B. , Gúth I. O. , Lukić-Petrović S. R. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This work is concerned with a study of chalcogenide glasses doped with the rare-earth element erbium. The study was carried out on samples of the quasibinary system As2S3−GeS2 doped with erbium at the concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 at %. Raman spectroscopy was used to identify the presence of particular structural units in the glass matrix. The spectra of all the samples are characterized by an intense peak appearing as a consequence of the stretching of the As-S and Ge-S bonds. Further, several low-intensity peaks of different origin were also registered. These peaks arise due to the stretching of the bonds in the ring S8 and the bonds resulting from the existence of the ethane-type molecules (GeSn) in some of the samples. The peaks in the spectrum of the sample with the highest erbium content are characterized by the peaks that can be attributed to the stretching of the bond Er-S.
X-ray diffraction characterization of different polymorphyc forms of clopidogrel bisulphate in substance and pharmaceutical dosage form
Authors: Klisurića Olivera R. , Rakića Srđan J. , Cvetinov Miroslav J. , Stojanović Maja M. , Nikolić Andrea R. , Jovanović Santa Suzana S. , Marković Ana R. , Solomun Ljiljana N. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The present study deals with the application of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) analysis as a technique for identification of the forms of clopidogrel bisulphate (CLP) present in both the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and tablets, specifically addressing the question of whether API converts to another form after 12 months of storage. The investigation of the possibility of phase transitions occurring over a temperature range spanning from room temperature to the melting point, both in tablets and pure CLP, were also performed. Tablet samples were observed for the changes in their structure using polarizing optical microscopy, which was also used to determine the melting points of tablet samples. The results gained during this work confirm that XRPD is applicable for API and tablets testing. This is particularly important if we take into account that the method can be used during stability studies, i.e. in order to test the quality of tablets during the validity period.
Heat transfer in the plastic phases I and II of cyclopentane
Authors: Konstantinov V. , Sagan V. , Revyakin V. , Karachevtseva A. , Pursky O. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Thermal conductivity of solid cyclopentane C5H10 has been measured at isochoric conditions in the plastic phases I and II for samples of different densities. Isochoric thermal conductivity is nearly constant in phase II and increases with temperature in phase I. Such behaviour is attributed to weakening of the translational orientational coupling which, in turn, leads to a decrease of phonon scattering on rotational excitations. The experimental data are described in terms of a modified Debye model of thermal conductivity with allowance for heat transfer by both low-frequency phonons and diffusive modes.
Quiescent satellite glial cells of the adult trigeminal ganglion
Authors: Rusu Mugurel , Mănoiu Valentina , Mirancea Nicolae , Nini Gheorghe 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Sensory ganglia comprise functional units built up by neurons and satellite glial cells (SGCs). In animal species there was proven the presence of neuronoglial progenitor cells in adult samples. Such neural crest-derived progenitors were found in immunohistochemistry (IHC). These findings were not previously documented in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was thus aimed to assess in TEM if cells of the human adult trigeminal ganglion indeed have ultrastructural features to qualify for a progenitor, or quiescent phenotype. Trigeminal ganglia were obtained from fifteen adult donor cadavers. In TEM, cells with heterochromatic nuclei, a pancytoplasmic content of free ribosomes, few perinuclear mitochondria, poor developed endoplasmic reticulum, lack of Golgi complexes and membrane trafficking specializations, were found included in the neuronal envelopes built-up by SGCs. The ultrastructural pattern was strongly suggestive for these cells being quiescent progenitors. However, further experiments should correlate the morphologic and immune phenotypes of such cells.
Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma with a good life prognosis after surgical treatment in a 14-year-old patient
Authors: Nicula Cristina , Nicula Dorin , Blidaru Mihai , Ghiţuică Adrian , Neamtu Stefania , Saplonţai-Pop Aniela 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The orbital rhabdomyosarcoma is one of the most frequent malignant orbital tumours in children. At this age, the common histological types are the embryonal and alveolar type. The onset is mainly under the age of 16. Without a recent and correct treatment it can give metastasis in lung and bone. The hereby paper presents one clinical case of a teenager presented at the ophthalmological consultation for a small tumor located in the superomedial part of the orbit. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) supported the diagnosis revealing the location and extension of the tumor. During the surgery, we discovered two small tumors and the histological examination revealed an embryonal type of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma. After the surgery, the patient followed an oncological treatment consisting of chemotherapy and local radiotherapy. The prognosis for life was favorable, linked with the recent diagnosis and treatment, the histological type and the good response at the oncological treatment.
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Šileikis Audrius , Kildušis Edvinas , Janavičius Ramūnas , Strupas Kęstutis 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, type 1 (MEN1) is an underdiagnosed autosomal dominant inherited cancer predisposition syndrome with inter- and intrafamilial variability without a known genotype-phenotype correlation. Disease is caused by mutations in the MEN1 gene located on chromosome 11, but other genes (CDKN1B, AIP) and mechanisms might be involved too. We performed retrospective case series study of MEN1 syndrome patient and his family and present our experience of management of genetically confirmed 9 MEN1 syndrome large family members from Lithuania with novel MEN1 gene mutation (MEN1 exon 6 — c. 879delT (p.Pro293Profs*76)) and delineate its clinical phenotype. At present the diagnosis of MEN1 syndrome must be established by direct mutation testing. MEN1 syndrome patients, their relatives and patients suspected of MEN1 are eligible for mutation testing. Patients with MEN1 have a shorter life expectancy than the general population. MEN1 patients and mutation carriers should be subjected to periodic screening in order to detect manifestations in an early stage. Early genetic diagnosis and subsequent periodic screening is associated with less morbidity and mortality at follow-up. Our study confirmed the absence of genotype-phenotype correlation and showed high intrafamilial clinical expression variability of the MEN1 syndrome.
Clinical pharmacokinetics in optimal gentamicin dosing regimen in neonates
Authors: Vučićević Katarina , Rakonjac Zorica , Janković Borisav , Vezmar Kovačević Sandra , Miljković Branislava , Prostran Milica 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Gentamicin is readily used for suspected or proven sepsis in neonates, yet it shows considerable inter-individual pharmacokinetic variability, which limits achievements of therapeutic levels. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare peak and trough gentamicin concentrations according to dosing regimen, to evaluate pharmacokinetic parameters, and to consider adjustments of dosing regimen. Babies with infection were treated with 1 h infusion, and daily dose of 5 or 7.5 mg/kg depending on the age. Patients were randomized into two groups: I — dosing interval 12 h (n=8), II — 24 h (n=11). Two steady-state blood samples were obtained. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using one-compartment model. The results showed a difference (p<0.05) in peak gentamicin concentrations between the groups, and tendency of lower trough levels in the group II. Calculated pharmacokinetic parameters included the volume of distribution (Vd) 0.52±0.47 l/kg, clearance (CL) 0.055±0.036 l/hkg and a half-life (t1/2) of 6.89±3.21 h. Based on the method for dosing regimen adjustments, there was a need to extend dosing interval to 36 h in 6 patients
Management of acute cholecystitis and acute cholangitis in emergency setting
Authors: Liau Kui-Hin , Teh Catherine , Serrablo Alejandro 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Acute biliary infection (acute cholecystitis and acute cholangitis) is one of the common emergency conditions which carries significant morbidity and mortality. The risk factors are often associated with gallstones, biliary stasis and bile infection. Gram-negative bacteria are frequent isolates from bile and blood cultures in infectious cholangitis. Endotoxaemia from the gram-negative microbes results in circulatory shock and organ dysfunction. Therefore, prompt diagnosis with severity stratification and recognition of its potential rapid progression to life-threatening shock and multi-organ failure ensure execution of the three fundamental interventions in the initial management strategy, namely: resuscitation to support the organ, antimicrobial therapy and biliary decompression drainage to control the infection. This is the core principle in the management of severe acute cholangitis.
Amiodarone neurotoxicity: the other side of the medal
Authors: Galassi Giuliana , Georgoulopoulou Eleni , Ariatti Alessandra 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The efficacy of amiodarone is tempered by its toxicity, with 50% of long-term users discontinuing the drug. The non-cardiac side effects of amiodarone may involve central and peripheral nervous system. We studied two patients treated with amiodarone for 46 and 15 months respectively. Both patients exhibited progressive distal extremity weakness, impaired perception, loss of deep reflexes. Electrophysiology identified a widespread, sensorimotor polyneuropathy with features of axonal loss and demyelination. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) showed prolonged P100 latency bilaterally in absence of visual symptoms or brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities. Extensive laboratory examinations excluded known causes of peripheral neuropathies. At 21 months after amiodarone withdrawal, P100 latency of case 1 VEPs returned to normal, whereas polyneuropathy continued to progress. In the second patient neuropathy has worsened similarly over 2 years whereas P100 latency of VEPs recovered to normal within 7 months after withdrawal of amiodarone. These findings may suggest different mechanisms of toxicity, which could be due to amiodarone pharmacokinetic and its metabolite effects on the peripheral nerves, as opposed to the optic nerve. We emphasize that use of amiodarone needs monitoring of patients at risk of development side effects.
Delayed diagnosis of an isolated partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Authors: Glaveckaite Sigita , Lusaite Karolina , Grabauskiene Virginija , Valeviciene Nomeda , Laucevicius Aleksandras 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
In this case report we describe the delayed diagnosis of a very rare congenital anomaly — isolated partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection. This congenital anomaly should be suspected at any age in the clinical setting of right heart volume overload, especially in the absence of a large atrial septal defect. Tomographic imaging modalities (computed tomography or cardiovascular magnetic resonance) not only allow the comprehensive structural and functional assessment of this anomaly, but also help assess the patient’s suitability for surgical treatment. Surgery is the definitive treatment of a patient with a significant left-to-right shunt due to partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection.
Gitelman syndrome DD thiazide diuretics abuse
Authors: Keller Karsten , Beule Johannes , Dippold Wolfgang 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Introduction. Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a rare inherited disorder. Mutations in SLC12A3 gene that encode tubular Na+Cl-cotransporter (NCCT) cause hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, salt loss, hypomagnesaemia and hypocalciuria. The symptoms include weakness, vertigo, hypotension, tetany, paresthesia and nausea. Diagnostic criteria are a normal urine concentrating ability, normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), hypomagnesaemia (<0,65mmol/l), hypokalemia (<3,6mmol/l) and hypocalciuria (<0,1mmol/mmol creatinine). Previously, the diagnosis was made by exclusion. Today, genetic analysis can ensure diagnosis. Thiazide diuretics (TD) abuse with similar abnormalities can make the differential diagnosis difficult. Causal therapy of GS does not exist. The substitution of potassium and magnesium are therapeutic strategies. Case presentation. A 41-year-old obese woman presented at the emergency department with recurrent episodes of hypokalemia with concomitant weakness, muscle cramps, polyuria and collapse. The results of laboratory testing of blood and urine led to the suspected diagnosis of GS. In the follow-up examinations, the results were inconsistent. Therefore, a transient thiazide diuretics abuse was assumed. Discussion. This case demonstrates the difficulties in making the diagnosis of GS on the basis of only clinical and laboratory tests, without the use of genetic analysis. The differentiation between GS and thiazide diuretic abuse is especially difficult.
Effect of peat samples drying on measured content of carbon and nitrogen fractions
Authors: Jonczak Jerzy 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the content of carbon and nitrogen fractions in fresh and dried samples of peat. The samples were extracted in 0.25 mol KCl·dm.-3, 0.25 mol H2SO4·dm.-3 and 2.5 mol H2SO4·dm.-3. Based on the extractions and analysis of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) following fractions of carbon and nitrogen were isolated: nonhydrolyzable carbon (NHC) and nitrogen (NHN), hardly hydrolyzable carbon (HHC) and nitrogen (HHN), easy hydrolyzable carbon (EHC) and nitrogen (EHN), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and its ammonium (NH4.-N) and nitrate (NO3.-N) form. Large differences between fresh and dried samples were observed in the content of some analyzed fractions . especially NO3.-N, NH4.-N, DON and HHC. 1.6.3.5 times higher concentrations of NO3.-N were observed in dry samples in comparison with fresh. In dried samples were also observed higher concentrations of NH4.-N and DON. In general lower concentrations of EHN, NHN, HHC and higher of HHN and EHC were observed in dried samples in comparison to fresh. Higher content of mineral nitrogen, as well as DON and DOC in dried samples, is probably an effect of mineralization of carbon and nitrogen compounds during initial stage of drying. The obtained data suggest, that the content of NO3.-N, NH4.-N, DON and EHC analyzed in dried samples of peat is overestimated. Extractions of the fractions from organic samples should be done based on fresh samples, just after sampling
„Quaternary rendzinas” in the Systematics of Polish Soil
Authors: Lemkowska Bożena 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
It is suggested that calcareous soils formed from calcareous gyttja were termed quaternary rendzinas, as indicated by Uggla. Their differentiation is connected with the amount of calcium carbonate and anthropogenic modification of surface horizon. Soils being in the initial phase of organic matter accumulation are suggested to be termed initial quaternary rendzinas, whereas the soils that have humus horizon more than 10 cm thick - proper quaternary rendzinas. Taking into consideration the fact that humus horizon of these soils is developed during siltation with alluvial or deluvial deposits, separation of calcareous post-lacustrine soils in alluvial and deluvial soils should be considered alternatively.