bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Übergangsmetallfreie BF3‐vermittelte oxidative und nichtoxidative Kreuzkupplung von Pyridinen
Authors: Chen Quan , León Thierry , Knochel Paul 
Published: April 2014

AbstractWir berichten über eine BF3‐vermittelte direkte Alkinylierung von Pyridinen an C(2) mit verschiedenen Alkinyllithiumreagentien (oxidative Kreuzkupplung). Zudem entwickelten wir eine neuartige, übergangsmetallfreie Methode zur Kreuzkupplung von Alkylmagnesiumreagentien mit 4‐substituierten Pyridinen, wie Isonicotinnitril und 4‐Chlorpyridin, mit BF3⋅OEt2 als Vermittlungsreagens. Die Kombination dieser beiden Methoden ermöglicht uns die effiziente Synthese einer Reihe von di‐, tri‐ und tetrasubstituierten Pyridinen.
Mechanical, chemical, thermal, and rheological properties of recycled PA6/ABS binary and PA6/PA66/ABS ternary blends
Authors: Kuram Emel , Sarac Levent , Ozcelik Babur , Yilmaz Faruk 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTThe effects of multiple injection molding cycles on the chemical and mechanical properties of PA6/ABS and PA6/PA66/ABS blends are investigated. The chemical structures of both PA6/ABS binary and PA6/PA66/ABS ternary blends do not alter after recycling process. For PA6/ABS binary blend, it is found that the tensile strength, strain at break, elastic modulus, impact strength, flexural strength, and modulus of recycled blend decrease by 6.49%, 15.19%, 21.00%, 9.41%, 7.09%, and 8.25%, respectively, while MFI increases by 23.59% as compared with the virgin blend. After five recycling process for PA6/PA66/ABS ternary blend, the tensile strength, strain at break, and impact strength of recycled blend decrease by 18.00%, 50.80%, and 87.27%, respectively. However, flexural strength and modulus of PA6/PA66/ABS blend increase slightly. For virgin PA6/PA66/ABS blend, MFI value was 7.7 g/10 min and with recycling this value showed an important increase to 31.56 g/10 min after five cycles. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40810.
Synthesis and electrochemical properties of graphene oxide/nanosulfur/polypyrrole ternary nanocomposite hydrogel for supercapacitors
Authors: Chen Chunnian , Fu Xuwang , Ma Ting , Fan Wei , Wang Zhongbing , Miao Shiding 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTA method for synthesizing Graphene oxide (GO)/nano‐sulfur/polypyrrole (PPy) ternary nanocomposite hydrogel is depicted. The higher surface area of GO, PPy porous structure and their excellent conductivity are utilized, and the GO hydrogel can be made easily. The products are characterized by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and electrochemical workstation. The results demonstrated that GO/nano‐S/PPy ternary nanocomposite hydrogel is successfully synthesized. The electrochemical properties are investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements, and cycling life in a three‐electrode system in 1MLi2SO4electrolyte solution. The GO/nano‐S/PPy ternary nanocomposite hydrogel exhibit a high specific capacitance of 892.5 F g−1at scan rates of 5 mV s−1and the capacitance retain about 81.2% (594.8 F g−1) of initial capacitance (732.5 F g−1) after 500 cycles at a current density of 1 A g−1. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2014,131, 40814.
Use of Whole‐Blood Transcriptomic Profiling to Highlight Several Pathophysiologic Pathways Associated With Response to Rituximab in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Data From a Randomized, Controlled, Open‐Label Trial
Authors: Sellam Jérémie , Marion‐Thore Sandrine , Dumont Florent , Jacques Sébastien , Garchon Henri‐Jean , Rouanet Stéphanie , Taoufik Yassine , Hendel‐Chavez Houria , Sibilia Jean , Tebib Jacques , Le Loët Xavier , Combe Bernard , Dougados Maxime , Mariette Xavier , Chiocchia Gilles 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveTo identify a molecular signature that could be predictive of the clinical response to rituximab (RTX) and elucidate the transcriptomic changes after RTX therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with the use of whole‐blood transcriptomic profiling.MethodsA microarray assay of the whole human genome was performed using RNA from peripheral blood samples obtained before the first cycle of RTX from 68 patients with RA in the SMART study. The transcriptomic profile was also assessed 24 weeks after the first administration of RTX (among 24 nonresponders and 44 responders, according to the European League Against Rheumatism response criteria at week 24). Ingenuity Interactive Pathways Analysis was used to identify molecular pathways that were modified by RTX therapy according to the clinical response. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to confirm the microarray results.ResultsIn total, 198 genes showed significant baseline differential expression between patient groups according to their subsequent response to RTX (good or moderate responder versus nonresponder). This molecular signature could be reduced to 143 genes, which allowed for correctly classifying 89% of the patients by their EULAR response status at week 24, with 93% identification of responders and 100% identification of nonresponders. The signature for response featured up‐regulation of inflammatory genes centered on NF‐κB, including IL33 and STAT5A, and down‐regulation of the interferon pathway. As expected, at week 24 post–RTX therapy, genes involved in the development and functions of B cells were the genes most strongly down‐regulated, without any difference between the 2 groups.ConclusionWhole‐blood transcriptomic analyses may accurately identify patients with RA who will not respond to RTX therapy. These findings could open new perspectives on the clinical management of RA.
A CD8 T Cell/Indoleamine 2,3‐Dioxygenase Axis Is Required for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Suppression of Human Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Wang Dandan , Feng Xuebing , Lu Lin , Konkel Joanne E. , Zhang Huayong , Chen Zhiyong , Li Xia , Gao Xiang , Lu Liwei , Shi Songtao , Chen Wanjun , Sun Lingyun 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveAllogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit therapeutic effects in human autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate how allogeneic MSCs mediate immunosuppression in lupus patients.MethodsThe effects of allogeneic umbilical cord–derived MSCs (UC‐MSCs) on inhibition of T cell proliferation were determined. MSC functional molecules were stimulated with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy controls and SLE patients and examined by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were purified using microbeads to stimulate MSCs in order to determine cytokine expression by MSCs and to further determine which cell subset(s) or which molecule(s) is involved in inhibition of MSC–mediated T cell proliferation. The related signaling pathways were assessed. We determined levels of serum cytokines in lupus patients before and after UC‐MSC transplantation.ResultsAllogeneic UC‐MSCs suppressed T cell proliferation in lupus patients by secreting large amounts of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO). We further found that interferon‐γ (IFNγ), which is produced predominantly by lupus CD8+ T cells, is the key factor that enhances IDO activity in allogeneic MSCs and that it is associated with IFNGR1/JAK‐2/STAT signaling pathways. Intriguingly, bone marrow–derived MSCs from patients with active lupus demonstrated defective IDO production in response to IFNγ and allogeneic CD8+ T cell stimulation. After allogeneic UC‐MSC transplantation, serum IDO activity increased in lupus patients.ConclusionWe found a previously unrecognized CD8+ T cell/IFNγ/IDO axis that mediates the therapeutic effects of allogeneic MSCs in lupus patients.
Correlation of CXCL10, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Type II, and Galectin 9 With Disease Activity in Juvenile Dermatomyositis
Authors: Bellutti Enders F. , van Wijk F. , Scholman R. , Hofer M. , Prakken B. J. , van Royen‐Kerkhof A. , de Jager W. 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveJuvenile dermatomyositis (DM) is a systemic autoimmune disorder of unknown immunopathogenesis in which the immune system targets the microvasculature of skeletal muscles, skin, and other organs. The current mainstay of therapy is a steroid regimen in combination with other immunosuppressive treatments. To date, no validated markers for monitoring disease activity have been identified, which hampers personalized treatment. This study was undertaken to identify a panel of proteins specifically related to active disease in juvenile DM.MethodsWe performed a multiplex immunoassay for plasma levels of 45 proteins related to inflammation in 25 patients with juvenile DM in 4 clinically well‐defined groups, as determined by clinical activity and treatment. We compared them to 14 age‐matched healthy children and 8 age‐matched children with nonautoimmune muscle disease.ResultsCluster analysis of circulating proteins showed distinct profiles for juvenile DM patients and controls based on a group of 10 proteins. In addition to CXCL10, tumor necrosis factor receptor type II (TNFRII) and galectin 9 were significantly increased in active juvenile DM. The levels of these 3 proteins were tightly linked to active disease and correlated with clinical scores (as measured by the Childhood Myositis Assessment Scale and physician's global assessment of disease activity on a visual analog scale).ConclusionOur findings indicate that CXCL10, TNFRII, and galectin 9 correspond to disease status in juvenile DM and thus could be helpful in monitoring disease activity and guiding treatment. Furthermore, they might provide new knowledge about the pathogenesis of this autoimmune disease.
Identification of Stage‐Specific Genes Associated With Lupus Nephritis and Response to Remission Induction in (NZB × NZW)F1 and NZM2410 Mice
Authors: Bethunaickan Ramalingam , Berthier Celine C. , Zhang Weijia , Eksi Ridvan , Li Hong‐Dong , Guan Yuanfang , Kretzler Matthias , Davidson Anne 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveTo elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in renal inflammation during the progression, remission, and relapse of nephritis in murine lupus models using transcriptome analysis.MethodsKidneys from (NZB × NZW)F1 (NZB/NZW) and NZM2410 mice were harvested at intervals during the disease course or after remission induction. Genome‐wide expression profiles were obtained from microarray analysis of perfused kidneys. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for selected genes was used to validate the microarray data. Comparisons between groups using SAM, and unbiased analysis of the entire data set using singular value decomposition and self‐organizing maps were performed.ResultsFew changes in the renal molecular profile were detected in prenephritic kidneys, but a significant shift in gene expression, reflecting inflammatory cell infiltration and complement activation, occurred at proteinuria onset. Subsequent changes in gene expression predominantly affected mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic stress pathways. Endothelial cell activation, tissue remodeling, and tubular damage were the major pathways associated with loss of renal function. Remission induction reversed most, but not all, of the inflammatory changes, and progression toward relapse was associated with recurrence of inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic stress signatures.ConclusionImmune cell infiltration and activation is associated with proteinuria onset and is reversed by immunosuppressive therapy, but disease progression is associated with renal hypoxia and metabolic stress. Optimal therapy for lupus nephritis may therefore need to target both immune and nonimmune disease mechanisms. In addition, the overlap of a substantial subset of molecular markers with those expressed in the kidneys of lupus patients suggests potential new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Establishment of Gene Copy Number–Specific Normal Ranges for Serum C4 and Its Utility for Interpretation in Patients With Chronically Low Serum C4 Concentrations
Authors: Margery‐Muir Audrey A. , Wetherall John D. , Castley Alison S. L. , Hew Meilyn , Whidborne Rebecca S. , Mallon Dominic F. J. , Martinez Patricia , Witt Campbell S. 
Published: April 2014

ObjectiveTo establish gene copy number (GCN)–specific normal ranges for serum C4 genes and to determine their utility with respect to the interpretation of chronically low serum C4 concentrations in patients with clinically quiescent systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsC4 serum concentrations were estimated by automated turbidimetry, and C4 GCNs were determined using the TaqMan real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis in 184 unselected individuals and in 10 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) who were selected for the presence of only 2 copies of the C4 gene. C4 GCNs were also determined in 11 patients with clinically quiescent SLE who had chronically low serum C4 concentrations.ResultsA total of 33% of the variation in serum C4 concentrations could be accounted for by both C4A and C4B GCNs (R2 = 0.30, P ≤ 0.0001). There was a median of 2 gene copies at the C4A locus (53.8%) and 2 at the C4B locus (58.7%). The median total number of C4 genes was 4 (55.4%). C4 GCN‐specific normal ranges were established. A chronically low serum C4 concentration was explained by a low C4 GCN in 3 of 11 patients tested.ConclusionThis study establishes the feasibility of establishing C4 GCN‐specific normal ranges using the TaqMan real‐time PCR assay. Chronically low serum C4 concentrations in SLE patients are sometimes explained by low C4 GCNs.
PdO/TiO2 and Pd/TiO2 Heterostructured Nanobelts with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Zhou Weijia , Guan Yu , Wang Dongzhou , Zhang Xinhai , Liu Duo , Jiang Huaidong , Wang Jiyang , Liu Xiaogang , Liu Hong , Chen Shaowei 
Published: April 2014

AbstractHeterostructures play an important role not only in the manufacture of semiconductor devices, but also in the field of catalysis. Herein, we report the synthesis of PdO/TiO2 and Pd/TiO2 heterostructured nanobelts by means of a simple co‐precipitation method, followed by a reduction process using surface‐modified TiO2 nanobelts as templates. The as‐obtained heterostructures were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. PdO and Pd nanoparticles with a size of about 1.3 and 1.6 nm were assembled uniformly on the surface of TiO2 nanobelts, respectively. Compared with TiO2 nanobelts, PdO/TiO2 and Pd/TiO2 hybrid nanobelts exhibit enhanced photocatalytic activity upon UV and visible‐light irradiation. Photoelectrochemical technology was used to study the heterostructure effect on enhanced photocatalytic activity. Our mechanistic investigation revealed that energy‐band matching is the major factor in the observed enhancement of photocatalytic activity.
Potassium permanganate–acridine yellow chemiluminescence system for the determination of fluvoxamine, isoniazid and ceftriaxone
Authors: Abolhasani Jafar , Hassanzadeh Javad 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTBased on the oxidation of acridine yellow by permanganate in basic medium, a new chemiluminescence system was developed for the sensitive determination of some important drugs. The remarkable inhibiting effect of fluvoxamine, ceftriaxone and isoniazid on this reaction was applied to their detection. A possible mechanism was proposed for this system based on chemiluminescence emission wavelengths and experimental observations. Under optimum conditions, calibration graphs were obtained for 1 × 10−9 to 1 × 10−6 mol/L of fluvoxamine; 2 × 10−8 to 8 × 10−6 mol/L of ceftriaxone and 5 × 10−8 to 4 × 10−5 mol/L of isoniazid. This proposed method was satisfactorily used in the determination of these drugs in pharmaceutical samples and human urine and serum. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles induce neuronal differentiation of SH‐SY5Y cells via modulation of reactive oxygen species, phosphatases, and kinase signaling pathways
Authors: Dayem Ahmed Abdal , Kim BongWoo , Gurunathan Sangiliyandi , Choi Hye Yeon , Yang Gwangmo , Saha Subbroto Kumar , Han Dawoon , Han Jihae , Kim Kyeongseok , Kim Jin‐Hoi , Cho Ssang‐Goo 
Published: April 2014

AbstractNano‐scale materials are noted for unique properties, distinct from those of their bulk material equivalents. In this study, we prepared spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with an average size of about 30 nm and tested their potency to induce neuronal differentiation of SH‐SY5Y cells. Human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells are considered an ideal in vitro model for studying neurogenesis, as they can be maintained in an undifferentiated state or be induced to differentiate into neuron‐like phenotypes in vitro by several differentiation‐inducing agents. Treatment of SH‐SY5Y cells by biologically synthesized AgNPs led to cell morphological changes and significant increase in neurite length and enhanced the expression of neuronal differentiation markers such as Map‐2, β‐tubulin III, synaptophysin, neurogenin‐1, Gap‐43, and Drd‐2. Furthermore, we observed an increase in generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of several kinases such as ERK and AKT, and downregulation of expression of dual‐specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) in AgNPs‐exposed SH‐SY5Y cells. Our results suggest that AgNPs modulate the intracellular signaling pathways, leading to neuronal differentiation, and could be applied as promising nanomaterials for stem cell research and therapy.same article under 10.1002/biot.201300555.
Effect of regional cooperation on outcomes from ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: van Beek S C , Reimerink J J , Vahl A C , Wisselink W , Reekers J A , van Geloven N , Legemate D A , Balm R 
Published: April 2014

Abstract

Background
Care for patients with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) in the Amsterdam ambulance region (The Netherlands) was concentrated into vascular centres with a 24-h full emergency vascular service in cooperation with seven referring regional hospitals. Previous population-based survival after rAAA in the Netherlands was 46 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 43 to 49) per cent. It was hypothesized that regional cooperation would improve survival.

Methods
This was a prospective observational cohort study carried out simultaneously with the Amsterdam Acute Aneurysm Trial. Consecutive patients with an rAAA between 2004 and 2011 in all ten hospitals in the Amsterdam region were included. The primary outcome was 30-day survival after admission. Multivariable logistic regression, including age, sex, co-morbidity, intervention (endovascular or open repair), preoperative systolic blood pressure, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and year of intervention, was used to assess the influence of hospital setting on survival.

Results
Of 453 patients with rAAA from the Amsterdam ambulance region, 61 did not undergo intervention; 352 patients were treated surgically at a vascular centre and 40 at a referring hospital. The regional survival rate was 58·5 (95 per cent c.i. 53·9 to 62·9) per cent (265 of 453). After multivariable adjustment, patients treated at a vascular centre had a higher survival rate than patients treated surgically at a referring hospital (adjusted odds ratio 3·18, 95 per cent c.i. 1·43 to 7·04).

Conclusion
After regional cooperation, overall survival of patients with an rAAA improved. Most patients were treated in a vascular centre and in these patients survival rates were optimal.
An improved LC‐MS/MS method for quantitation of indapamide in whole blood: application for a bioequivalence study
Authors: Pinto Guilherme Araújo , Pastre Kátia Isabel Fercondini , Bellorio Karini Bruno , de Souza Teixeira Leonardo , de Souza Weidson Carlo , de Abreu Fernanda Crunivel , de Santana e Silva Cardoso Fabiana Fernandes , Pianetti Gerson Antônio , César Isabela Costa 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTAn improved LC‐MS/MS method for the quantitation of indapamide in human whole blood was developed and validated. Indapamide‐d3 was used as internal standard (IS) and liquid–liquid extraction was employed for sample preparation. LC separation was performed on Synergi Polar RP‐column (50 × 4.6 mm i.d.; 4 µm) and mobile phase composed of methanol and 5 mm aqueous ammonium acetate containing 1 mm formic acid (60:40), at flow rate of 1 mL/min. The run time was 3.0 min and the injection volume was 20 μL. Mass spectrometric detection was performed using electrospray ion source in negative ionization mode, using the transitions m/z 364.0 → m/z 188.9 and m/z 367.0 → m/z 188.9 for indapamide and IS, respectively. Calibration curve was constructed over the range 0.25–50 ng/mL. The method was precise and accurate, and provided recovery rates >80% for indapamide and IS. The method was applied to determine blood concentrations of indapamide in a bioequivalence study with two sustained release tablet formulations. The 90% confidence interval for the geometric mean ratios for maximum concentration was 95.78% and for the area under the concentration–time curve it was 97.91%. The tested indapamide tablets (Eurofarma Laboratórios S.A.) were bioequivalent to Natrilix®, according to the rate and extent of absorption. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intermolecular and Regioselective Access to Polysubstituted Benzo‐ and Dihydrobenzo[c]azepine Derivatives: Modulating the Reactivity of Group 6 Non‐Heteroatom‐Stabilized Alkynyl Carbene Complexes
Authors: González Jairo , Gómez Aránzazu , Funes‐Ardoiz Ignacio , Santamaría Javier , Sampedro Diego 
Published: April 2014

AbstractWe highlight the versatility of non‐heteroatom‐stabilized tungsten–carbene complexes 3 synthesized in situ, which have been used in a modular approach to access 2‐benzazepinium isolable intermediates 5. By employing very mild conditions, benzazepinium derivatives 5 have been obtained in high yield from simple compounds, such as acetylides 2, Fischer‐type alkoxycarbenes 1, and phenylimines 4. The process, involving a formal [4+3] heterocycloaddition, occurs in a totally regioselective manner, which differs from the approach previously observed in similar procedures for other carbene analogues. This work, which involves three components, reveals a control of the reactivity of non‐heteroatom‐stabilized carbene complexes 3 ([4+3] vs. [2+2]‐heterocycloaddition reactions) depending on the acetylide substitution pattern. The influence of the substitution pattern in the behavior of the complexes has been computationally analyzed and rationalized. Finally, elaboration of the 2‐benzazepinium intermediates allows access to 3H‐benzo[c]azepines 6 and 3H‐1,2‐dihydrobenzo[c]azepines 7–9 with high control of the substitution of the nine positions of the heterocycle.
High‐Performance Cobalt Selenide and Nickel Selenide Nanocomposite Counter Electrode for Both Iodide/Triiodide and Cobalt(II/III) Redox Couples in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Zaiwei , Xu Hongxia , Zhang Zhongyi , Zhou Xinhong , Pang Shuping , Cui Guanglei 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe nanocomposites of cobalt selenide and nickel selenide (Co0.85Se/Ni0.85Se) were successfully fabricated on FTO glass by a facile co‐electrodeposition method at ambient temperature. Nanocomposite films were used as electrocatalysts in dye‐sensitized solar cell counter electrodes for regeneration of both iodide/triiodide and cobalt(II/III) redox couples. Co0.85Se/Ni0.85Se were mainly composed of nanoflakes and nanoparticles. It is noted that such nanostructure generated by nanoparticles embedded with 2D nanoflakes led to high active sites and was accessible to cobalt(II/III) electrolyte, delivering better catalytic activity for the reduction of larger volume cobalt(II/III). As a result, for cobalt(II/III) electrolyte, the Co0.85Se/Ni0.85Se based dye‐sensitized solar cell performed significantly improved efficiency than that of Pt and Co0.85Se. Meanwhile, the Co0.85Se/Ni0.85Se based dye‐sensitized solar cell held comparable energy conversion efficiency to that of Pt and Co0.85Se for iodide/triiodide electrolyte.