bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of photothermal therapy conditions through diffusion analysis based on the initial injection radius of AuNPs
Authors: Kim Donghyuk , Kim Hyunjung 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAnticancer treatment is performed in various ways, and photothermal therapy (PTT) is gaining traction from a noninvasive treatment perspective. PTT is a treatment technique based on the photothermal effect that kills tumors by increasing their temperature. In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which are photothermal agents, were used in numerical simulations to determine the PTT effect by considering diffusion induced changes in the distribution area of the AuNPs. The treatment effect was confirmed by varying the initial injection radius of AuNPs represented by the injection volume, the elapsed time after injection of AuNPs, and the laser intensity. The degree of maintenance of the apoptotic temperature band in the tumor was quantitatively analyzed by the apoptotic variable. Ultimately, if the initial injection radius of AuNPs is 0.7 mm or less, the optimal time to start treatment is 240 min after injection, and for 1.0 and 1.2 mm, it is optimal to start treatment when the elapsed time after injection is 90 and 30 min, respectively. This study identified the optimal treatment conditions for dosage of AuNPs and treatment start time in PTT using AuNPs, which will serve as a reference point for future PTT studies.
Successful Application of Tocilizumab in a Patient With Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy‐Induced Cytokine Release Syndrome
Authors: Minami Soichiro , Kawashima Yosuke , Munakata Yasuhiko , Matsuno Masahiro , Hara Shuichiro , Yamazaki Yusuke , Doman Tsuyoshi , Saito Shin , Odaka Tetsuo , Ogasawara Takahiro , Shimizu Hisashi , Sugisaka Jun , Aiba Tomoiki , Toi Yukihiro , Yamanda Shinsuke , Kimura Yuichiro , Sugawara Shunichi 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe expansion of preoperative immunochemotherapy has led to an increase in the number of patients with lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Therefore, oncologists should manage a variety of immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). One of the rare, life‐threatening, and recently proposed irAEs is cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Although the standard treatment of irAE is systemic administration of steroids, it has been suggested that tocilizumab may be an effective treatment option for CRS.CaseThis case describes a 69‐year‐old man with stage IIIA lung adenocarcinoma who received chemotherapy and nivolumab, which is an ICI, as neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy. After the first administration, the patient developed severe skin rash, fever, and arthralgia. We suspected irAEs and administered systemic steroids. However, fever and arthralgia did not improve, although the skin rash disappeared. These were also significant challenges for surgery. Noting the elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, we consulted a rheumatologist. Finally, we decided to terminate neoadjuvant therapy after one cycle and administer tocilizumab. Tocilizumab dramatically improved the patient's symptoms and allowed him to undergo radical surgery. Pathological findings revealed that the patient achieved a major pathological response.ConclusionThis indicates the potential effectiveness of early tocilizumab administration for ICI‐induced CRS, even in mild cases.
Synergistic Regulation of Sodium Metal Deposition Pattern Through Three‐Dimensional Sodiophilic Gradient ZnO/Fe0.7Co0.3 Frameworks and Magnetic Fields for High‐Performance Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Yunfei , Wang Yuanhao , Sun Xiang , Yang Wenhua , Xu Jie , Cao Derang , Li Shandong , Wang Xia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe application of sodium metal battery is hampered by the large volume change and uncontrollable top growth of Na metal. Herein, a dual strategy including constructing a three‐dimensional gradient ZnO/Fe0.7Co0.3 (ZFC) framework of decreasing sodiophilic capability from bottom to top, and imposing magnetic fields based on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect, is proposed to regulate the sodium deposition/stripping behavior and realize the bottom‐up deposition of Na. Therefore, the ZFC framework under a magnetic field of 200 mT exhibits high electrochemical reversibility with a Coulombic efficiency of 99.77 % at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2. Meanwhile, the ZFC composite anode (ZFC@Na) with the magnetic field of 200 mT delivers a small polarization voltage of approximately10 mV and long cycle life of more than 2500 h at 5 mA cm−2 and 5 mAh cm−2 in symmetric cells, along with good cycle stability in ZFC@Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 full cells (200 cycles at 1 C with a high capacity retention of 98 %). Accordingly, the novel strategy of combining magnetic fields and sodiophilic gradient frameworks provides a perspective to solve the issues of sodium dendrite growth.
Testing “Feeling Fat” as a Mediator of the Longitudinal Relationship Between Negative Emotions and Eating Disorder Behaviors
Authors: Hill Naomi G. , Jo Jenny H. , Forney K. Jean 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveNegative affect is central to eating disorder maintenance models; identifying mechanisms underlying this link may inform specific treatment targets. The current study evaluated which emotions (i.e., distress, fear, and moral emotions) were most strongly linked to feeling fat and tested feeling fat as a longitudinal mediator of the relationship between these emotions and restricting or binge eating (https://osf.io/3d5cq/).MethodCommunity adults (N = 714, M[SD] age = 41.5[13.7], 84.6% female, 85.9% white) provided data at baseline, 3‐month, and 6‐month follow‐up. Relative weights analysis examined which emotion categories exhibited the strongest longitudinal relationships with feeling fat. Cross‐lagged panel models tested feeling fat as a mediator of the relationship between emotions and eating disorder behaviors.ResultsDistress and moral emotions were the strongest emotional predictors of feeling fat. Feeling fat predicted binge eating (p's < 0.001), but not restricting (p's ≥ 0.832), in random effects cross‐lagged panel models. Feeling fat partially mediated the longitudinal relationship between distress and binge eating (p = 0.044); however, this effect became nonsignificant after adjusting for BMI (p = 0.354). Feeling fat did not mediate relationships between moral emotions and binge eating or between either distress or moral emotions and restricting (p's ≥ 0.638).DiscussionFeeling fat was associated with binge eating, not restricting, highlighting the importance of specificity in maintenance models. Because the mediating effect of feeling fat was accounted for by body size, factors associated with body size, such as internalized weight stigma, may be more relevant mediators of the relationship between negative emotions and eating disorder behaviors. Future research on feeling fat should adjust for body size.
Variation in near‐surface soil temperature drives plant assemblage differentiation across aspect
Authors: Simpson Elizabeth G. , Fraser Ian , Woolf Hillary , Pearse William D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractQuantifying assemblage variation across environmental gradients provides insight into the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms that differentiate assemblages locally within a larger climate regime. We assessed how vascular plant functional composition and diversity varied across microenvironment to identify ecological differences in assemblages in a mountainous fieldsite in northeastern Utah, USA. Then, we looked at how life‐history strategies and information about phylogenetic differences affect the relationship between functional metrics and environment. We found less functionally dispersed assemblages that were shorter and more resource‐conservative on south‐facing slopes where intra‐annual soil temperature was hotter and more variable. In contrast, we found more functionally dispersed assemblages, that were taller and more resource‐acquisitive on north‐facing slopes where intra‐annual temperature was cooler and less variable. Herbaceous and woody perennials drove these trends. Additionally, including information about phylogenetic differences in a dispersion metric indicated that phylogeny accounts for traits we did not measure. At this fieldsite, soil temperature acts as an environmental filter across aspect. If soil temperature increases and becomes more variable, intra‐annually, the function of north‐ versus south‐facing assemblages may be at risk for contrasting reasons. On south‐facing slopes, assemblages may not have the variance in functional diversity needed to respond to more intense, stressful conditions. Conversely, assemblages on north‐facing slopes may not have the resource‐conservative strategies needed to persist if temperatures become hotter and more variable intra‐annually. Given these results, we advocate for the inclusion of aspect differentiation in studies seeking to understand species and assemblage shifts in response to changing climate conditions.
Energy Content, Moisture Content, and Energy Assimilation Efficiency by Birds and Mammals of Oil-Containing Seeds and Implications for Seed Treatment Risk Assessments for Birds and Mammals
Authors: Gutiérrez-Expósito Carlos , Russ Anja , Sainz-Elipe Raquel , Wolf Christian , Kragten Steven 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Energy content, moisture content, and energy assimilation efficiency are essential parameters in the food intake rate (FIR) and exposure calculations for bird and mammal risk assessments. The updated European Food Safety Authority guidance document on risk assessment for birds and mammals summarizes these parameters for different food items. For seed treatments, values for cereal seeds are proposed as surrogates for other crops. Oil-containing seeds are expected to have a higher energy content than cereal seeds. This would result in lower FIR and, thus, exposure from consuming such seeds. To be able to calculate reliable exposure values for risk-assessment purposes, we conducted a systematic literature review to collect information on these three parameters for oil-containing seeds (sunflower, oilseed rape, soybean, peanut, sesame, safflower, linseed [flax], white mustard, and castor bean). The search yielded 401 papers, of which 151 contained values for at least one of the parameters of the crops in focus. The overall average energy content value of oil-containing seeds was 24.25 kJ/g (n = 124, SD = 3.00), whereas that for moisture content was 6.57% (n = 296, SD = 1.15). Energy assimilation values were only available for peanut, oilseed rape, soy, linseed, and sunflower for a limited number of bird and mammal species. Mean energy assimilation efficiency for mammals was 82.69% (n = 4, SD = 1.55), whereas values for birds were 57.54% (n = 2, SD = 6.77) for Galliformes and 79.25% (n = 2, SD = 1.82) for Passeriformes. The values presented can be used to calculate appropriate FIR values for future bird and mammal risk assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:2080–2085. © 2024 The Author(s). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Risk factors for postpartum urinary retention: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Li , Chen Qin , Li Hongyu , Yi Shuhua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere are conflicting reports on the factors that increase the likelihood of postpartum urinary retention (PUR).ObjectivesWe completed an updated systematic review and meta‐analysis to identify the risk factors for PUR.Search StrategyAn exhaustive search of the literature was undertaken using multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Embase to identify pertinent studies published up until November 4, 2023.Selection CriteriaObservational studies that provided outcomes to calculate the risk factors for PUR were included.Data Collection and AnalysisTwo investigators separately performed the extraction of pertinent data from the articles. The risk factors for PUR were identified by pooling adjusted and unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity test, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias assessment were performed.Main ResultsThis meta‐analysis included 21 studies with a total of 36 951 participants. Meta‐analysis was performed for 14 risk factors, and eight of these were statistically significant. The risk factors that were identified in this review included instrumental delivery (OR, 2.96 [95% CI, 1.82–4.80]; 95% prediction interval [PI], 0.67–12.98), relatively long duration of labor (OR, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.02–1.06]; 95% PI, 1.00–1.08), episiotomy (OR, 1.56 [95% CI, 1.19–2.06] 95% PI, 0.64–3.83), nulliparity (OR, 1.55 [95% CI, 1.30–1.84]; 95% PI, 0.94–2.77), epidural analgesia (OR, 2.99 [95% CI, 1.78–5.03]; 95% PI, 0.53–16.76), labor augmentation (OR, 2.21 [95% CI, 1.49–3.28]; 95% PI, 0.12–39.26), labor induction (OR, 1.73 [95% CI, 1.12–2.66]; 95% PI, 0.40–7.39), and perineal injury (OR, 2.75 [95% CI, 1.95–3.89]; 95% PI, 1.10–6.92).ConclusionInstrumental delivery, extended labor duration, episiotomy, nulliparity, epidural analgesia, labor augmentation/induction, and perineal injury are significant risk factors for PUR. The findings could help physicians identify patients at risk in the postpartum setting.
Reverse takotsubo induced cardiogenic shock in the peripartum period: A case report and literature review
Authors: Gregory James , Uzuner Cansu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReverse takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare variant of a rare disease characterized by basal ballooning and dysfunction of the left ventricle. While it can render patients profoundly unwell and reliant on intensivist care, it is a transient phenomenon, with the worst symptoms subsiding after 2–3 days. At term, a young woman spontaneously entered labor prior to a planned repeat cesarean section. After experiencing physical and psychological distress during labor and a vacuum extraction, she developed cardiogenic shock from reverse takotsubo cardiomyopathy, quickly diagnosed with transthoracic echocardiogram. She required 2 days of intensive care support and made an excellent recovery. This very rare condition should be considered in systemically unwell women in the peripartum as it can be quickly diagnosed, providing patients with the best appropriate care.
COX‐2/PTGS2‐targeted herbal‐derived oligonucleotide drug HQi‐sRNA‐2 was effective in spontaneous mouse lung cancer model
Authors: Lin Yexuan , Sun Na , Liu Dengyuan , Yang Xinmeng , Dong Yixin , Jiang Chengyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn 2020, the number of deaths caused by lung cancer worldwide reached 1,796,144, making it the leading cause of cancer‐related deaths. Cyclooxygenase‐2/prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (COX‐2/PTGS2) is overexpressed in lung cancer, which promotes tumor proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and resistance to apoptosis. Here, we report that the oligonucleotide drug HQi‐sRNA‐2 from Traditional Chinese Medicine Huangqin targeting COX‐2/PTGS2 significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced apoptosis in the human lung cancer cell line NCI‐H460. Oral delivery of HQi‐sRNA‐2 bencaosomes prolonged survival, reduced tumor burden, and maintained weight in a spontaneous mouse lung cancer model. Compared with paclitaxel, HQi‐sRNA‐2 may be less toxic and have approximately equal efficacy in reducing tumor burden. Our previous studies reported that herbal small RNAs (sRNAs) are functional medical components. Our data suggest that sphingosine (d18:1)‐HQi‐sRNA‐2 bencaosomes, targeting COX‐2/PTGS2 and downregulating the PI3K and AKT signaling pathways, may provide novel therapeutics for lung cancer.
Beiträge zur Taxonomie von Maytenus loeseneri Urban und M. revoluta Alain (Celastraceae)
Authors: Mory Birgit 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungBlattmorphologische und anatomische Untersuchungen an Maytenus revoluta und M. loeseneri aus dem Nordosten Cubas erbrachten weitere Differenzierungsmerkmale und führten zur Abgrenzung neuer infraspezifischer Sippen: M. loeseneri var. rotundifolia Mory var. nov., M. revoluta var. jaucoensis Mory var. nov., M. revoluta ssp. bissei Mory ssp. nov., M. revoluta ssp. niaerophylla Mory ssp. nov.
Cell dehydration enables massive production of engineered membrane vesicles with therapeutic functions
Authors: Liu Jie , Shen Tingting , Zhang Yu , Wei Xiaojian , Bao Yuting , Ai Rui , Gan Shaoju , Wang Dachi , Lai Xin , Zhao Libo , Zhou Wei , Fang Xiaohong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising biomaterials for the treatment of different disease. However, only handful types of EVs with clinical transformation potential have been reported to date, and their preparation on a large scale under biosafety‐controlled conditions is limited. In this study, we characterize a novel type of EV with promising clinical application potential: dehydration‐induced extracellular vesicles (DIMVs). DIMV is a type of micron‐diameter cell vesicle that contains more bioactive molecules, such as proteins and RNA, but not DNA, than previously reported cell vesicles. The preparation of DIMV is extraordinarily straightforward, which possesses a high level of biosafety, and the protein utilization ratio is roughly 600 times greater than that of naturally secreted EVs. Additional experiments demonstrate the viability of pre‐ or post‐isolation DIMV modification, including gene editing, nucleic acid encapsulation or surface anchoring, size adjustment. Finally, on animal models, we directly show the biosafety and immunogenicity of DIMV, and investigate its potential application as tumour vaccine or drug carrier in cancer treatment.
Risk factors for clinical relapse in patients with ulcerative colitis who are in clinical remission but with endoscopic activity
Authors: Horio Ryosuke , Kato Jun , Ohta Yuki , Taida Takashi , Saito Keiko , Iwasaki Miyuki , Ozeki Yusuke , Koshibu Yushi , Shu Nobuaki , Furuya Makoto , Oyama Yuhei , Nakazawa Hayato , Mamiya Yukiyo , Goto Chihiro , Takahashi Satsuki , Kurosugi Akane , Sonoda Michiko , Kaneko Tatsuya , Akizue Naoki , Okimoto Kenichiro , Matsumura Tomoaki , Kato Naoya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThe treatment strategy for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in clinical remission who have not achieved mucosal healing is unclear. This study aimed to determine the risk factors of relapse in patients in clinical remission with endoscopic activity.MethodsThis retrospective, single‐center study included patients with UC who underwent colonoscopy (CS) and were in clinical remission with endoscopic activity. Characteristics were compared between patients who relapsed within 2 years after CS and those who did not. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify risk factors contributing to clinical relapse. Recent worsening in bowel symptoms was defined as increase in bowel frequency and/or increase in abdominal pain within approximately 1 month based on the descriptions in the medical charts.ResultsThis study regarded 142 patients in clinical remission with an endoscopic activity of Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) of ≥1 as eligible, and 33 (23%) patients relapsed during the observation period. Recent worsening of bowel symptoms was a significant risk factor for clinical relapse (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34–6.84). This was particularly evident in patients with MES of 2 (HR: 5.16, 95% CI: 1.48–18.04), whereas no risk factors were identified in patients with MES of 1. The presence or absence of therapeutic intervention just after CS did not significantly affect clinical relapse.ConclusionRecent worsening in bowel symptoms was a significant risk factor for clinical relapse in patients with UC who were in clinical remission with endoscopic activity.
Optimized production and properties of biosurfactant from Bacillus invictaeUCP1617 and its performance in a detergent formulation for environmental applications
Authors: Barata Maria Inez C. , Cavalcanti Matheus Henrique C. , Rufino Raquel D. , de Almeida Fabíola Carolina G. , Sarubbo Leonie A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work describes the production of a novel biosurfactant produced by the bacterium Bacillus invictae UCP1617 cultivated using an alternative substrate and its use in the formulation of an eco‐friendly detergent. A factorial design was used to optimize agitation, temperature, and inoculum size in a mineral medium containing 1.5% corn steep liquor in 100‐mL shake flasks. The best conditions (175 rpm, 28°C, and 4% inoculum) were used to scale up biosurfactant production in a 50‐L bioreactor. Surface tension of the fermentation medium decreased from 69.5 to 30.2 mN/m within 72 h. The biosurfactant exhibited a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 0.900 ± 0.08 g/L. The biosurfactant formed stable oil‐in‐water emulsions of motor oil and petroleum, achieving emulsification indices of 90.80% and 99.00%, respectively. An eco‐friendly detergent was formed that included biosurfactant at several different concentrations, 0.2 (wt) % hydroxyethyl cellulose and 0.2% potassium sorbate. The detergent remained stable under extreme conditions of pH, temperature, and salinity when stored for 90 days. The detergent was nontoxic to cabbage, cherry tomato plants, and the microcrustacean Artemia salina. A detergent formulation containing biosurfactant at the CMC completely dispersed motor oil in seawater at a 1:1 surfactant/oil (vol/vol) ratio and removed 99.21% of motor oil (20 mL) contained in 60 g of clayey soil. The detergent removed 98.42% of the oil adhered to a glass surface and removed 75.00% of motor oil adsorbed to a porous surface. The application of this biosurfactant as an environmentally friendly additive for remediation processes is feasible.
Use of 3D Anorectal Ultrasonography in the Preoperative Assessment of Complex Anal Fistulas and Patterns of Healing, Failure, and Recurrence After Ligation of the Intersphincteric Fistula Tract (LIFT)
Authors: Murad‐Regadas Sthela M. , Regadas Francisco Sergio P. , Regadas Filho Francisco Sergio P. , Nogueira Felipe R. , Holanda Erico de C. , Dias Mont'Alverne Ricardo E. , da Cunha Carlos Magno Queiroz , Ferreira David G. 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesTo use three‐dimensional anorectal ultrasonography (3D‐US) to evaluate the outcome of ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) in patients with crypto‐glandular transsphincteric fistula and describing the patterns of healing, failure, and recurrence rate.MethodsAfter classifying the fistula and determining the length of the sphincter muscle to be transected, the patients were submitted to LIFT. The accuracy of pre‐ and postoperative 3D‐US with 360° endoprobe (16 MHz) with automatic scanning and clinical findings was evaluated against surgical findings. Three outcomes were considered: healing, failure (persistent anal fistula through the original external opening or intersphincteric), and recurrence (reappearance of the anal fistula).ResultsSixty‐three patients of both sexes were evaluated. The 3D‐US assessment revealed primary healing in 50 (79.3%) patients, although in 6 (9.5%) cases healing was delayed and the cavity was without communication with the anal canal. The procedure failed in 9 (15.9%) and fistula recurred in 4 (6.3%), all of whom underwent a second surgery based on a new 3D‐US, resulting in a 92.3% (12/13) healing rate on 3D‐US.ConclusionsA 3D‐US was found to be useful in the preoperative assessment of fistulas by quantifying the percentage of muscle to be transected, and in the postoperative assessment by identifying healing, types of failure, and recurrence. The 3D‐US was accurate and consistent with surgical findings.