bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual behaviors and HIV-related knowledge among GBMSM: evidence from 2011 to 2021 in Hangzhou, China
Authors: Jiang Jiahan , Zhang Xingliang , Juma Omar , Xu Ke , Xu Junfang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Considering that many new HIV infections are transmitted by homosexual behaviors, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) are more likely to be infected with HIV than other groups due to the higher risk associated with unprotected anal intercourse. It is important to explore the changes in sexual behaviors and HIV-related knowledge among GBMSM in the last 10 years, which could provide evidence for improving public health interventions to reduce HIV infections.

Objectives
The study sought to explore the changes of 3 sexual behaviors and HIV knowledge among men who have sex with men from 2011 to 2021.

Methods
Data were collected from national HIV sentinel surveillance among GBMSM in Hangzhou conducted between 2011 and 2021. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the associated factors of sexual behaviors. The variation trend of variables was evaluated based on the linear trend test in the regression model.

Results
A total of 5111 GBMSM with an average age of 32.00 years were incorporated in the analysis. From 2011 to 2021, the HIV-related knowledge score of GBMSM ranged from 6 to 7.5, and it increased significantly (P trend &lt; .001). The rate of homosexual sex in the past 6 months remained at a high level (75.06%-82.75%). Homosexual behavior was associated with a higher HIV-related knowledge score (P = .004). Heterosexual sex was associated with an increase in the old age, married persons, and domicile outside the province (P &lt; .05). Commercial sex was associated with an increase in drug users (P &lt;.001).

Conclusions
In the past 10 years, HIV-related knowledge of GBMSM increased and the rate of unprotected sex was at a high level among GBMSM, especially in heterosexual behaviors. Moreover, the likelihood of having homosexual behaviors is raised with the increasing HIV-related knowledge. Conducting precise behavioral interventions for GBMSM are crucial for preventing HIV infection.
The effect of live body condition score of beef cows on carcass characteristics, carcass-cutting yields, processor profitability, and tenderness in the longissimus lumborum and psoas major muscles
Authors: Scott Kayla G , Wang Yifei , Bohrer Benjamin M , Garcia Lyda G 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of body condition score (BCS) of cull cows on carcass characteristics, carcass-cutting yields, profitability, and tenderness development for the longissimus lumborum and psoas major muscles. During a 5-wk period (May–June 2023), 10 boner cull cows (BCS 4 to 6) and 10 leaner cull cows (BCS 1 to 3) were purchased at a commercial auction market. Live conformation, carcass characteristics, weights of fabricated cuts, tenderness, pH decline, and temperature decline were recorded following slaughter. Carcasses were fabricated into the following cuts: knuckle, inside round, outside round, eye of round, strip loin, top sirloin, bottom sirloin flap, tenderloin, flank, ribeye roll, chuck tender, and brisket, whereas lean was separated into lean and fat components. Beef processor returns for boner cows were calculated as the sum of USDA Carlot Report values for the subprimal cuts, trim, bone, and drop value subtracted by actual live costs at the auction market whereas beef processor returns for leaner cows were calculated as the sum of USDA Carlot Report values for the trim, bone, and drop value subtracted by actual live costs at the auction market. Carcass and merchandizing value parameters were analyzed using a completely randomized design with a fixed effect of classification (leaner or boner) and a random effect of slaughter day. Live weight was used as a covariant for all carcass and merchandizing value parameters due to the pronounced effect of live weight for most parameters. Temperature decline, pH decline, shear force, and cooking loss parameters were analyzed using a completely randomized design with a fixed effect of classification (leaner or boner) and a random effect of slaughter day. Boner cows were found to be heavier for both live and carcass weights when compared with leaner cows. In addition, backfat thickness was 0.39 cm greater (P = 0.03), and ribeye area was 9.17 cm2 (P = 0.05) greater for boner cows compared with leaner cows. This resulted in boner cows yielding larger subprimal cuts and a greater amount of lean trim, which in turn generated more beef processor revenue. However, specific consideration should be provided for profitability as the ability to market subprimal cuts is highly dependent on muscle size, fat deposition, meat quality, and market prices for both boner and leaner cows.
Expanding Child Health Screenings Through School–Community Partnerships
Authors: McCabe Ellen M. , Best Nakia C. , Bennett Sheryl , Johnson Emma , Jameson Beth E. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT:
Child health screenings are a critical, but often overlooked, aspect of children's medical care. School–community partnerships to conduct screenings and ensure that diagnostic follow-up and treatment occur can help achieve optimal child health outcomes. Such partnerships also serve to mitigate the impact of social determinants of health on children's well-being, address health disparities, and promote health equity. This article reviews four essential childhood health screenings—vision, hearing, dental, and mental health—and discusses how schools and community partners can collaborate to offer these screenings.
Crossing the Cervicothoracic Junction
Authors: McDonald Christopher L. , Badida Rohit , Alsoof Daniel , Daher Mohammad , Homer Alex , Crisco Joseph J. , Wronski Peter T. , Diebo Bassel G. , Daniels Alan H. , Kuris Eren O. 
Published: August 2024

Study Design.
A biomechanical study.

Objective.
This study aims to evaluate the biomechanical adjacent segment effects of multilevel posterior cervical fusion constructs that terminate at C7 compared with those that terminate at T1 in cadaveric specimens.

Background.
The cervicothoracic junction poses unique challenges for spine surgeons. Deciding to terminate multilevel posterior cervical fusion constructs at C7 or extend them across the cervicothoracic junction remains a controversial issue.

Methods.
Six cadaveric specimens underwent biomechanical testing in the intact state and after instrumentation with constructs from C3 and terminating at either C7 or T1. Range of motion (ROM) was assessed in flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation globally and at cranial and caudal adjacent segments.

Results.
There was a significant decrease in overall flexion/extension by both C7 (−35.5°, P=0.002) and T1 (−39.8°, P=0.002) instrumentation compared with the intact spine. T1 instrumentation had significantly lower (−4.3°, P=0.008) flexion/extension ROM compared with C7 instrumentation. There were significant decreases in axial rotation by both C7 (−31.4°, P=0.009) and T1 (−36.8°, P=0.009) instrumentation compared with the intact spine, but no significant differences were observed between the 2. There were also significant decreases in lateral bending by both C7 (−27.9°, P=0.022) and T1 (−33.7°, P=0.022) instrumentation compared with the intact spine, but no significant differences were observed between the 2. No significant differences were observed in ROM at cranial or caudal adjacent segments between constructs terminating at C7 and those extending to T1.

Conclusion.
This biomechanical investigation demonstrates that constructs that cross the cervicothoracic junction experience less overall spinal motion in flexion-extension compared with those that terminate at C7. However, contrary to prior studies, there is no difference in cranial and caudal adjacent segment motion. Surgeons should make clinical decisions regarding the caudal extent of fusion in multilevel posterior cervical fusions without major concerns about adjacent segment motion.
How to ventilate critically ill children with cancer?: a narrative review
Authors: Domínguez-Rojas Jesús , Torres Godoy Silvio Fabio , Mora Robles Lupe Nataly , Méndez Aceituno Alejandra 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The management of respiratory failure and hypoxemia in children with cancer presents a critical challenge. Choosing between invasive and noninvasive mechanical ventilation can profoundly impact mortality rates, especially in resource-limited settings. Choosing between invasive and noninvasive mechanical ventilation can impact mortality rates, particularly in resource-limited settings. Extensive clinical studies are imperative to thoroughly evaluate the efficacy of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) during the early stages of treatment. Further research is crucial to determine the most optimal therapeutic approach. Early implementation of IMV or NIV could significantly reduce mortality rates in these patients.[

1

] Additionally, this article examines the admission of children with terminal cancer, evaluating their use of invasive and noninvasive ventilatory support versus palliative care. The interdisciplinary medical team, in collaboration with the family, must carefully consider the benefits and risks of these interventions, whether in the early or terminal stages of the disease. Furthermore, the article delves into the controversies surrounding the utilization of ventilation in critically ill children with cancer.
Sex- and age-associated factors drive the pathophysiology of MASLD
Authors: Yadav Ajay K. , MacNeill Justin J. , Krylov Aleksei , Ashrafi Nadia , Mimi Romana Ashrafi , Saxena Romil , Liu Sheng , Graham Stewart F. , Wan Jun , Morral Núria 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is strongly associated with obesity. Sex and age affect MASLD prevalence and pathophysiology. The use of animal models fed Western-style diets is vital for investigating the molecular mechanisms contributing to metabolic dysregulation and for facilitating novel drug target identification. However, the sex-associated and age-associated mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology remain poorly understood. This knowledge gap limits the development of personalized sex-specific and age-specific drug treatments.

Methods:
Young (7 wk) and aged (52 wk) male and female mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet. Liver metabolome (>600 molecules) and transcriptome profiles were analyzed.

Results:
Male and female mice fed an HFD developed obesity, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis. However, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and serum alanine aminotransferase levels were higher in males fed an HFD, indicating a more severe metabolic disease. In addition, males showed significant increases in liver diacylglycerides and glycosylceramides (known mediators of insulin resistance and fibrosis), and more changes in the transcriptome: extracellular matrix organization and proinflammatory genes were elevated only in males. In contrast, no major increase in damaging lipid classes was observed in females fed an HFD. However, aging affected the liver to a greater extent in females. Acylcarnitine levels were significantly reduced, suggestive of changes in fatty acid oxidation, and broad changes in the transcriptome were observed, including reduced oxidative stress response gene expression and alterations in lipid partitioning genes.

Conclusions:
Here, we show distinct responses to an HFD between males and females. Our study underscores the need for using both sexes in drug target identification studies, and characterizing the molecular mechanisms contributing to the MASLD pathophysiology in aging animals.
Cholangiocyte ciliary defects induce sustained epidermal growth factor receptor signaling
Authors: Pant Kishor , Richard Seth , Peixoto Estanislao , Baral Subheksha , Yang Rendong , Ren Yanan , Masyuk Tatyana V. , LaRusso Nicholas F. , Gradilone Sergio A. 
Published: August 2024

Background and Aims:
The primary cilium, an organelle that protrudes from cell surfaces, is essential for sensing extracellular signals. With disturbed cellular communication and chronic liver pathologies, this organelle’s dysfunctions have been linked to disorders, including polycystic liver disease and cholangiocarcinoma. The goal of this study was to elucidate the relationship between primary cilia and the crucial regulator of cellular proliferation, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway, which has been associated with various clinical conditions.

Approach and Results:
The study identified aberrant EGFR signaling pathways in cholangiocytes lacking functional primary cilia using liver-specific intraflagellar transport 88 knockout mice, a Pkhd1 mutant rat model, and human cell lines that did not have functional cilia. Cilia-deficient cholangiocytes showed persistent EGFR activation because of impaired receptor degradation, in contrast to their normal counterparts, where EGFR localization to the cilia promotes appropriate signaling. Using histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors to restore primary cilia accelerates EGFR degradation, thereby reducing maladaptive signaling. Importantly, experimental intervention with the histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor tubastatin A in an orthotopic rat model moved EGFR to cilia and reduced ERK phosphorylation. Concurrent administration of EGFR and histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors in cholangiocarcinoma and polycystic liver disease cells demonstrated synergistic antiproliferative effects, which were associated with the restoration of functioning primary cilia.

Conclusions:
This study’s findings shed light on ciliary function and robust EGFR signaling with slower receptor turnover. We could use therapies that restore the function of primary cilia to treat EGFR-driven diseases in polycystic liver disease and cholangiocarcinoma.
Preconceptional thyroid-stimulating hormone affects antral follicle count rather than pregnancy outcomes in patients with first in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle
Authors: Cai Jie , Li Huan-Huan , Tian Xiang-Ming , Yang Li , Sun Jun-Jian , Zhou Wen-Hui 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
To study the effects of preconceptional thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels on antral follicle count (AFC) and pregnancy outcomes in a first in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted to explore the effects of preconceptional TSH levels on AFC and pregnancy outcomes in 1340 patients. The patients were divided into three groups: group 1, 0.55≤ TSH <2.5 uIU/mL (n = 868); group 2, 2.5≤ TSH <4.0 uIU/mL (n = 334); and group 3, TSH ≥4.0 uIU/mL (n = 138).

Results:
There were significant differences in AFC (P = 0.002), number of zygotes (P = 0.008), and fertilization rate (P = 0.015) among the three groups. Among the three groups, there were no obvious differences in live birth (P = 0.559), high-quality embryo (P = 0.108), or clinical pregnancy (P = 0.939) rates. Binary logistics regression analysis showed that TSH correlated with AFC when TSH was ≥4 uIU/mL (P = 0.033); however, TSH levels had no effect on live birth or clinical pregnancy rate.

Conclusions:
Although the preconceptional TSH level negatively related with AFC, number of zygotes, and fertility rate, especially when TSH was >4 uIU/mL, TSH was not an independent factor on the live birth rate among fertile women undergoing their first IVF/ICSI-embryo transfer treatment. The effect of TSH levels on couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology requires further investigation.
Transition to Adult Care in Autoinflammatory Diseases
Authors: Elhani Inès , Hentgen Véronique , Quartier Pierre , Bader-Meunier Brigitte , Kone-Paut Isabelle , Neven Bénédicte , Rossi Linda , Faye Albert , Meinzer Ulrich , Melki Isabelle , Grateau Gilles , Savey Léa , Georgin-Lavialle Sophie 
Published: August 2024

Background
Transitioning from pediatric to adult care is a critical step for individuals with autoinflammatory diseases, requiring effective programs to ensure continuity of care and disease management. Despite various recommendations, the effectiveness of transition programs, particularly in monogenic autoinflammatory diseases, remains understudied.

Methods
A single-center medical records review study was conducted at the French National Reference Center for Adult Autoinflammatory Diseases in Tenon Hospital from 2017 to 2023. All patients who had consulted for the first time between the ages of 15 and 30 years and had received care for an autoinflammatory disease during childhood were included. The patients were classified according to whether they had undergone a transition, defined as either no transition, simple transition (referral letter), or joint transition (pediatrician and adult physician consultation).

Results
One hundred eleven patients (median age, 18 years) were included. Patients who consulted without transition started adult follow-up and were followed up less regularly than those who underwent the transition process (p < 0.001 and p = 0.028). In patients with familial Mediterranean fever, the absence of a formal transition was associated with poorer disease control at baseline (p = 0.019). The type of transition did not impact disease control during follow-up.

Conclusions
Participation in a transition program is associated with earlier and more regular follow-up in adulthood. Although transition type did not significantly impact disease control during follow-up in familial Mediterranean fever, the potential benefit of joint consultation extends beyond consultation frequency and disease outcomes, encompassing patient perspectives and self-management abilities. This study highlights the significance of collaborative transition programs in AIDs.
Nonvisualized Ovaries on Ultrasound
Authors: Alhamshari Ahmad , Krigman Hannah R. , Siegel Cary L. , Zhu Quing , Itani Malak 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The risk of malignancy in nonvisualized ovaries on pelvic ultrasound is presumed to be close to zero per imaging correlation; the goal of this manuscript is to define the risk of malignancy in nonvisualized ovaries on pelvic ultrasound as defined by surgical pathology. Records for patients with pelvic ultrasound and surgical pathology containing the word “ovary” or “ovaries” performed at our institution between 10/1/2015 and 9/30/2021 were reviewed. Data for ovarian visualization were extracted from the radiology report and correlated with surgical pathology results within each ovary. Eighty-seven ovaries in 71 patients out of 422 ovaries (20.6%) in 215 eligible patients were not visualized on ultrasound. Twenty ovaries were excluded because imaging showed large pelvic mass, and 19 ovaries were excluded because surgical pathology for the ovary of interest was not available. A total of 48 ovaries in 37 patients were nonvisualized and had available surgical pathology. Out of 48 nonvisualized ovaries, 31 were normal on surgical pathology and 17 had abnormalities, with 15 benign lesions (12 of which were ≤1 cm in size). Two ovaries in 1 patient contained malignant lesions; although the ovaries were not visualized on ultrasound, the scan demonstrated peritoneal carcinomatosis. In conclusion, a high proportion of ovaries (20.6%, 87/422) are not visualized on pelvic ultrasound, and surgical pathology reveals ovarian lesions in 35.4% (17/48) of nonvisualized ovaries on pelvic ultrasound, with the majority being subcentimeter benign lesions. In the absence of peritoneal carcinomatosis, nonvisualized ovaries had no malignant lesions.
BURN INJURY RESULTS IN MYELOID PRIMING DURING EMERGENCY HEMATOPOIESIS
Authors: Johnson Ryan M. , Galicia Kevin E. , Wang Huashan , Gonzalez Richard , Choudhry Mashkoor , Kubasiak John C. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Hematopoiesis proceeds in a tiered pattern of differentiation, beginning with hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and culminating in erythroid, myeloid, and lymphoid lineages. Pathologically altered lineage commitment can result in inadequate leukocyte production or dysfunctional cell lines. Drivers of emergency hematopoiesis after burn injury are inadequately defined. Burn injury induces a myeloid predominance associated with infection that worsens outcomes. This study aims to further profile bone marrow HSCs following burn injury in a murine model. Methods: C57BL/6 mice received burn or sham injury with ~12% total body surface area scald burn on the dorsal surface with subsequent sacrifice at 1, 2, 3, 7, and 10 days postinjury. Bone marrow from hindlimbs was analyzed for HSC populations via flow cytometry and analyzed using FlowJo Software (version 10.6). Event counts and frequencies were analyzed with multiple unpaired t tests and linear mixed-effect regression. Real-time polymerase chain reaction performed on isolated lineage-negative bone marrow cell RNA targeted PU.1, GATA-1, and GATA-3 with subsequent analysis conducted with QuantStudio 3 software. Statistical analysis and representation were performed on GraphPad software (Prism). Results: Flow cytometry revealed significantly elevated proportions of long-term HSCs at 3 days post-injury (P < 0.05) and short-term HSCs at days 2, 3, and 10 (all P < 0.05) in burn-injured mice. There was a sustained, but not significant, increase in proportions in the multipotent progenitor (MPP) 2 and 3 subpopulations in the burn cohort compared to sham controls. The common myeloid progenitor (CMP) proportion was significantly higher on days 3 and 10 (both P < 0.01), whereas the granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP) proportion increased on days 1, 2, and 10 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, respectively). Although the megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitor (MEP) proportion appeared consistently lower in the burn cohort, this did not reach significance. mRNA analysis resulted in a downregulation of PU.1 on day 1 (P = 0.0002) with an upregulation by day 7 (P < 0.01). GATA-1 downregulation occurred by day 7 (P < 0.05), and GATA3 showed downregulation on days 3 and 7 (P < 0.05). Discussion: Full-thickness burn results in an emergency hematopoiesis via proportional increase of long-term HSC and short-term HSC/MPP1 subpopulations beginning in the early postinjury period. Subsequent lineage commitment displays a myeloid predominance with a shift toward myeloid progenitors with mRNA analysis corroborating this finding with associated upregulation of PU.1 and downregulation of GATA-1 and GATA-3. Further studies are needed to understand how burn-induced emergency hematopoiesis may predispose to infection by pathologic lineage selection.