bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are oxidative stress markers useful to distinguish schizoaffective disorder from schizophrenia and bipolar disorder?
Authors: Bulbul Feridun , Virit Osman , Alpak Gokay , Unal Ahmet , Bulut Mahmut , Kaya Mehmet Cemal , Altindag Abdurrahman , Celik Hakim , Savas Haluk A. 
Published: September 2013

ObjectiveSchizoaffective disorder is a disease with both affective and psychotic symptoms. In this study, we aimed to compare oxidative metabolism markers of schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenic patients. Furthermore, we also aimed to investigate whether schizoaffective disorder could be differentiated from schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in terms of oxidative metabolism.MethodsTotal oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured in the blood samples that were collected from schizoaffective patients (n = 30), bipolar disorder patients (n = 30) and schizophrenic patients (n = 30). Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated by dividing TOS by TAS.ResultsTOS and OSI were found to be higher in patients with schizoaffective disorder compared with those in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients. TAS was not significantly different between the groups.ConclusionSchizoaffective disorder was found to be different from bipolar disorder and schizophrenia in terms of oxidative parameters. This result may indicate that schizoaffective disorder could differ from bipolar disorder and schizophrenia in terms of biochemical parameters. Increased TOS levels observed in schizoaffective disorder may suggest poor clinical course and may be an indicator of poor prognosis.
Response inhibition in alcohol-dependent patients and patients with depression/anxiety: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Sjoerds Z. , van den Brink W. , Beekman A. T. F. , Penninx B. W. J. H. , Veltman D. J. 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundThe inability to inhibit certain behaviors is a key feature of impulsivity, which is often present in people with a substance use disorder. However, the findings on impulsivity in people with alcohol dependence (AD) are inconsistent, possibly because of the frequent co-occurrence of depression/anxiety (D/A) and its influence on impulsivity. In the current study, we aimed to distinguish response inhibition impairments in AD from possible response inhibition effects associated with D/A.MethodAD patients (n = 31) with high D/A co-morbidity were compared to patients with D/A only (n = 18) and healthy controls (HCs; n = 16) using the Stop Signal Task (SST) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Correlation analyses were performed between activated brain areas, behavioral data and addiction and D/A characteristics.ResultsThe three groups did not differ on response inhibition performance. However, AD severity, but not D/A severity, was positively associated with decreased response inhibition. During the SST, AD patients showed hyperactivity in the putamen and thalamus compared with D/A patients and HCs. Thalamus activation was negatively associated with AD duration. In addition, AD patients showed hypoactivity in the supplementary motor area (SMA) compared with HCs. SMA activity within HCs was negatively correlated with depressive symptom severity.DiscussionIn general, AD patients were not more impulsive than D/A patients or HCs but they did reveal inhibition impairments with increasing AD severity. A shift from cortical to subcortical engagement in AD patients during response inhibition may represent an alternative strategy, which decreased with longer drinking history, suggesting the presence of an AD-specific endophenotype.
Coinvariant algebras and fake degrees for spin Weyl groups of classical type
Authors: BALTERA CONSTANCE , WANG WEIQIANG 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe coinvariant algebra of a Weyl group plays a fundamental role in several areas of mathematics. The fake degrees are the graded multiplicities of the irreducible modules of a Weyl group in its coinvariant algebra, and they were computed by Steinberg, Lusztig and Beynon–Lusztig. In this paper we formulate a notion of spin coinvariant algebra for every Weyl group. Then we compute all the spin fake degrees for each classical Weyl group, which are by definition the graded multiplicities of the simple modules of a spin Weyl group in the spin coinvariant algebra. The spin fake degrees for the exceptional Weyl groups are given in a sequel.
Transposition of the great arteries and cor triatriatum: a rare combination
Authors: Gursu Hazım A. , Varan Birgul , Erdogan İlkay , Oktay Ayla 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn this case report, we present a 5-month-old girl diagnosed with a unique combination of transposition of the great arteries and cor triatriatum sinistra. A 1-day-old female patient presented to our hospital with cyanosis since the early neonatal period. We confirmed transposition of the great arteries by echocardiography. The patient underwent arterial switch operation on day 8 and was discharged on day 35. After 5 months of the operation, the patient had a lower respiratory tract infection and was unable to gain weight. Echocardiography revealed mild neopulmonary regurgitation, minimal neoaortic regurgitation, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. In addition, a fibrous membrane was also seen dividing the left atrium. The patient was diagnosed with cor triatriatum and underwent successful resection of the membrane.
Histochemistry and Ultrastructure of Urocytes in the Pupae of the Stingless BeeMelipona quadrifasciata(Hymenoptera: Meliponini)
Authors: Furtado Waléria C.A. , Azevedo Dihego O. , Martins Gustavo F. , Zanuncio José C. , Serrão José Eduardo 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe main cell types of the adult bee fat body are trophocytes and oenocytes; however, in pupae of some newly emerged bees, trophocytes are modified into cells called urocytes, which possibly function as a substitute for Malpighian tubules during metamorphosis when larval tubules are not functional and/or storage of urate salts is required. This study evaluated the morphology of urocytes in the stingless beeMelipona quadrifasciataand the possibility of maintaining these cells in primary culture. The urocytesM. quadrifasciataare white spherical cells with an irregular surface as observed by stereomicroscopy. They may be found individually or in groups associated with tracheae. Urocytes have a single, small, and spherical nucleus and cytoplasm rich in neutral polysaccharides, lipid droplets, protein, and granules containing calcium and urate salts. Our findings suggest that urocytes play a role in storage of neutral polysaccharides and calcium inM. quadrifasciatapupae and that these cells can be cultured for 72 h.
Price efficiency in the Dutch Annuity Market
Authors: CANNON EDMUND , STEVENS RALPH , TONKS IAN 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWe provide the first analysis of annuity rates in the Netherlands for the period 2001–2012. During this period, the number of annuity providers was high and stable, and we find that falls in annuity rates can be explained entirely by changes in yields and life expectancy. We show that annuitants could have increased their annuity income by about 5%, by shopping around and purchasing their annuities from alternative providers. Money's worth calculations show that the market is efficient by international standards, with a money's worth above 0.9 for the whole period and close to unity by the end of the period. We present conflicting evidence on the existence of adverse selection because although we find money's worths are inversely related to age of purchase, we find that they are positively related to size of purchase.
Rethinking Renaissance Aristotelianism: Bernardo Segni’sEthica, the Florentine Academy, and the Vernacular in Sixteenth-Century Italy*
Authors: Lines David A. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn 1550 Bernardo Segni, a member of the Florentine Academy, published an Italian translation of and commentary on Aristotle’sNicomachean Ethics. Practically unstudied, Segni’s work represents an important moment in the evolution of vernacular Aristotelianism (and philosophy more generally) in the Renaissance. This essay examines Segni’s approach to the text, his familiarity (or not) with the Greek and Latin traditions, and his discussion of a philosophical problem, the freedom of the will. It shows that in all these areas Segni was well aware of Latin interpretations. The essay thus argues that studies of Renaissance Aristotelianism need to abondon their longstanding concentration on the Latin tradition alone and consider the complex and multilevel interactions of Latin and vernacular philosophy.
The Impact of the Netherlandish Landscape Tradition on Poetry and Painting in Early Modern England*
Authors: Trevisan Sara 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe relationship between poetry and painting has been one of the most debated issues in the history of criticism. The present article explores this problematic relationship in the context of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England, taking into account theories of rhetoric, visual perception, and art. It analyzes a rare case in which a specific school of painting directly inspired poetry: in particular, the ways in which the Netherlandish landscape tradition influenced natural descriptions in the poem Poly-Olbion (1612, 1622) by Michael Drayton (1563–1631). Drayton — under the influence of the artistic principles of landscape depiction as explained in Henry Peacham’s art manuals, as well as of direct observation of Dutch and Flemish landscape prints and paintings — successfully managed to render pictorial landscapes into poetry. Through practical examples, this essay will thoroughly demonstrate that rhetoric is capable of emulating pictorial styles in a way that presupposes specialized art-historical knowledge, and that pictorialism can be the complex product as much of poetry and rhetoric as of painting and art-theoretical vocabulary.
Reflections on research and learning from the patient: the art and science of what we do
Authors: Urban Elizabeth 
Published: September 2013

AbstractOver three decades ago, John Bowlby argued for psychoanalysis to seek beyond its own parameters if it was to maintain its claim to be a science. Since then there has been a wealth of relevant research from various fields. While this has been instrumental in the development of my own work, this paper concerns learning from the patient.The paper begins with a premise: interpretative analytic work requires three‐dimensionality (self, other and object). Although interpretative work may be ingrained in our professional identity, this triangulation may or may not exist in our patients in any stable way. The paper continues with a brief developmental account of how early archetypally‐shaped shifts in the infant's field of interest establish the experiential components of three‐dimensionality. From there, observational and clinical material with a toddler and a young boy describe how early relational deficits hindered their capacities for three‐dimensionality. Yet both were able to engage with the therapist and to become active in the creation of three‐dimensionality within their own minds.Implied in this work are considerations for working with patients for whom interpretations do not work. Michael Fordham's comments on ‘working out of the self’ are linked with the art of what we do.
The impact of maternal obesity on intrapartum outcomes in otherwise low risk women: secondary analysis of the Birthplace national prospective cohort study
Authors: Hollowell J , Pillas D , Rowe R , Linsell L , Knight M , Brocklehurst P 
Published: September 2013

ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of maternal BMI on intrapartum interventions and adverse outcomes that may influence choice of planned birth setting in healthy women without additional risk factors.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingStratified random sample of English obstetric units.Sample17 230 women without medical or obstetric risk factors other than obesity.MethodsMultivariable log Poisson regression was used to evaluate the effect of BMI on risk of intrapartum interventions and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes adjusted for maternal characteristics.Main outcome measuresMaternal intervention or adverse outcomes requiring obstetric care (composite of: augmentation, instrumental delivery, intrapartum caesarean section, general anaesthesia, blood transfusion, 3rd/4th degree perineal tear); neonatal unit admission or perinatal death.ResultsIn otherwise healthy women, obesity was associated with an increased risk of augmentation, intrapartum caesarean section and some adverse maternal outcomes but when interventions and outcomes requiring obstetric care were considered together, the magnitude of the increased risk was modest (adjusted RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.02–1.23, for BMI > 35 kg/m2 relative to low risk women of normal weight). Nulliparous low risk women of normal weight had higher absolute risks and were more likely to require obstetric intervention or care than otherwise healthy multiparous women with BMI > 35 kg/m2 (maternal composite outcome: 53% versus 21%). The perinatal composite outcome exhibited a similar pattern.ConclusionsOtherwise healthy multiparous obese women may have lower intrapartum risks than previously appreciated. BMI should be considered in conjunction with parity when assessing the potential risks associated with birth in non‐obstetric unit settings.
Self‐reported depression and anxiety symptoms in school‐aged Singaporean children
Authors: Magiati Iliana , Ponniah Kathryn , Ooi Yoon Phaik , Chan Yiong Huak , Fung Daniel , Woo Bernardine 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIntroductionFew studies have examined anxiety and depression experiences of primary (middle) school‐aged children from ethnically diverse backgrounds, and most have relied on parents or others as informants. The present study aimed to investigate self‐reported anxiety and depression symptoms in Singaporean primary school‐aged children. Age, gender, and ethnic differences and interactions were explored as well as similarities and differences between Singaporean children and US norms.MethodsA large representative community sample of 1655 8‐ to 12‐year‐old Singaporean children (Chinese, Malay, and Indian) completed the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) and the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) as part of a larger epidemiological study of mental health in Singaporean children.ResultsRates of clinically elevated symptoms of anxiety and depression were 9.3% and 16.9% on the MASC and the CDI, respectively. Separation and social anxieties were most common. Evidence of a gender difference in levels of emotional symptoms was most evident in Indian children, with girls reporting more symptoms than boys. The relationship between age and internalizing problems was weak.DiscussionA substantial minority of primary school‐aged Singaporean children reported elevated anxious and depressive symptoms. Better understanding of the factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of these problems can help the development of culture‐specific interventions and facilitate the planning of community‐tailored services and initiatives.
Social Identity Complexity, Cross‐Ethnic Friendships, and Intergroup Attitudes in Urban Middle Schools
Authors: Knifsend Casey A. , Juvonen Jaana 
Published: September 2013

This study investigated contextual antecedents (i.e., cross‐ethnic peers and friends) and correlates (i.e., intergroup attitudes) of social identity complexity in seventh grade. Social identity complexity refers to the perceived overlap among social groups with which youth identify. Identifying mostly with out‐of‐school sports, religious affiliations, and peer crowds, the ethnically diverse sample (N = 622;Magein seventh grade = 12.56) showed moderately high complexity. Social identity complexity mediated the link between cross‐ethnic friendships and ethnic intergroup attitudes, but only when adolescents had a high proportion of cross‐ethnic peers at school. Results are discussed in terms of how school diversity can promote complex social identities and positive intergroup attitudes.
Portal glucose influences the sensory, cortical and reward systems in rats
Authors: Delaere Fabien , Akaoka Hideo , De Vadder Filipe , Duchampt Adeline , Mithieux Gilles 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe detection of glucose in the hepatoportal area is a simple but crucial peripheral cue initiating a nervous signal that ultimately leads to a wide array of metabolic and behavioural responses, such as decreased food intake, tighter control of glucose homeostasis, or appearance of food preference. This signal has been suggested to mediate the effects of high‐protein diets, as opposed to high‐fat/high‐sucrose diets. Nevertheless, the central targets of the signal originating from the hepatoportal area remain largely undocumented. Using immunohistochemistry on the brain of male rats, we show here that portal glucose increases c‐Fos expression in the brainstem, in the hypothalamus (in particular in neurons expressing pro‐opiomelanocortin) and also in olfactory and other limbic and cortical areas, including those functionally implicated in reward (Experiment 1). In similar postabsorptive conditions, a high‐protein diet induced similar effects in the hypothalamus and the granular cells of the main olfactory bulb, whereas the high‐fat/high‐sucrose diet actually reduced the basal expression of c‐Fos in cortical layers. Both diets also decreased the number of neurons expressing c‐Fos in the amygdala and gustatory areas (Experiment 2). Altogether, these findings suggest that the peripheral signal primed by portal glucose sensing may influence behavioural adaptation such as food preference via a network including the olfactory pathway, central amygdala, nucleus accumbens and orbitofrontal cortex, in addition to satiety and metabolic effects primarily implicating the hypothalamic response.
Movement Symmetry Patterns During Lungeing in Trot on Hard and Soft Surface Differ Between Sound and Mildly Forelimb Lame Horses
Authors: Mitchell H. , Jennings C. , Olsen E. , Walker A. , Weller R. , Pfau T. 
Published: September 2013

AimsLungeing on hard and soft surfaces is crucial to clinical lameness and prepurchase examinations. Here we 1) quantify movement symmetry (MS) in sound horses trotting on hard and soft surfaces, and 2) compare MS patterns for different rein and surface combinations between sound and mildly forelimb lame horses.MethodsTwenty‐three riding horses were equipped with an inertial sensor based gait analysis system and assessed in‐hand on the straight and during lungeing (10 m diameter circle), both on hard and soft surfaces. Assessment of rein (left/right) was performed in a randomised order. Seven published MS parameters (3 poll, 4 pelvis) were quantified from an average of 38 strides per condition. Horses were subdivided into 3 groups: control (9 horses), left (5) and right (9) forelimb lame. Statistical analysis was performed using paired samples t test, ANOVA and post hoc comparisons.ResultsFor control horses, only one MS measure was significantly different between the surfaces; Symmetry Index (P = 0.0122, increased asymmetry on hard ground). When comparing left and right forelimb lame horses, increased head movement asymmetry was found with the affected limb on the inside of the circle on both surfaces (P values between P = 0.0006 and P = 0.0481); circle and lameness induced asymmetry adding up. No differences in pelvic MS were identified between sound and mildly forelimb lame horses.ConclusionsSound horses show similar amounts of movement asymmetry during lungeing on hard and soft surfaces. Mildly forelimb lame horses show characteristic patterns of increased asymmetry in particular with the affected limb on the inside of the circle.Practical significanceThe observed differences between sound and mildly forelimb lame horses will contribute to higher specificity in identification of mildly lame horses based on objective gait analysis. It is recommended to include lungeing into objective gait assessments.AcknowledgementsWe are grateful to the owners of the horses that participated.Ethical animal researchThis project was granted ethical approval by the RVC Ethics and Welfare Committee as part of Hazel Mitchell's and Charlotte Jennings' final year research project and conducted with owners' informed consent. Sources of funding: RVC. Competing interests: None.
Characterisation of Keratomas of the Equine Digit Using Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) to Facilitate Surgical Removal and Provide Prognostic Information Regarding Post Operative Morbidity
Authors: Anderson J.D.C. 
Published: September 2013

AimsTo characterise keratomas using contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) to facilitate complete surgical excision and provide information regarding post operative morbidity.MethodsRecords of horses with histologically confirmed keratomas who underwent CECT were reviewed. Historical and clinical details, CECT characteristics, surgical approach and outcome were reviewed.ResultsTen horses, mean age 9.3 years, exhibiting recurrent or chronic grade 3 to 5/5 lameness for 5 weeks to 2 years, had histologically confirmed keratomas characterised and removed following CECT. Radiographs failed to reveal evidence of keratomas in 5/10 cases. Eleven keratoma lesions affecting the dorsal midline (n = 5), lateral hoof wall (n = 2), medial hoof wall (n = 3) and solar surface of the third phalanx (P3) (n = 1) were identified. Keratomas had a broad (n = 6) or narrow (n = 4) based attachment to the laminar surface, were classified as columnar (n = 5) or spherical (n = 5), measured 3–15 mm wide and 5–52 mm in length. Contrast material delineated keratoma margins by contrast enhancement within the lesion (n = 4) or attenuation of contrast material by the lesion (n = 6) suggesting surrounding hypervascularity or compression of surrounding vasculature, respectively. Defects in the distal phalanx (n = 5), abnormal vascularity (n = 10) and abscessation (n = 6) around the lesion were also identified. Proximal to distal and medial to lateral limits of the keratoma were marked on the hoof wall allowing complete excision via a partial hoof wall (PHWR [n = 7]) or complete hoof wall resection (CHWR [n = 3]). Soundness (mean 7 weeks) and no recurrence was achieved in all cases. Hoof wall defect healing was protracted in cases in which CECT attenuation of vascularity was evident around the defect.ConclusionsContrast enhanced computed tomography allows comprehensive characterisation of keratomas, determining location, vascularity and extent of laminar and P3 involvement. Accurate surgical landmarks are obtained so complete surgical excision is facilitated, the degree of hoof wall resection is minimised and recurrence is prevented. Those lesions with attenuation of vascularity around them on CECT are more likely to have protracted healing of the hoof wall defect.Ethical animal researchNot required by this Congress: retrospective clinical study. Sources of funding: None. Competing interests: None.