bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health and Academic Performance of Private Senior High School Students in the Division of Zambales amid Pandemic
Authors: Basa Webster B. , Abaniel Arra Q. 
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to assess the mental health of private senior high school students and its effect on their academic performance during the fourth quarter of S.Y. 2020−2021 amid pandemic. It was conducted among grade 11 students enrolled in private schools in Zone I, Division of Zambales utilizing an explanatory sequential mixed methods design. The Mental Health Inventory or MHI-38 was used as the questionnaire for the quantitative part while online interviews were used for qualitative part. Findings revealed that students experienced anxiety during the pandemic. Despite being anxious, students were psychologically well and less distressed. Overall, they were in a positive state of mental health. The study also revealed that students' anxiety has significant difference with the modular distance learning delivery modality. The study has found no significant relationship between students' mental health and academic performance during the last quarter of S.Y. 2020-2021. Qualitative data analysis found that students experienced mental, academic, and social problems during the pandemic.
What Makes a Street Attractive? A Study of The Factors Explaining the Attractiveness of Users of Two Streets in Algiers Using Linear Regressions
Authors: Kadri Ouafa , Rahmani Lyes , Messaoudene Maha 
Published: July 2024

This article examines the factors behind attractiveness at street level. It postulates that attractiveness is induced by what the street offers in terms of consumption spaces and by the presence of convenience. The study focused on two streets in Algiers: one historical entity and one emerging entity. A sample of 269 individuals was used to collect data using a tool that measures attractiveness, convenience, and consumption spaces. These include commercial, cultural, leisure, symbolic, social and landscape dimensions. Linear regressions were used to determine the impact of these dimensions on the attractiveness. The results show that the symbolic dimension, followed by the social dimension, are the factors with the greatest influence on street attractiveness.
Abstract 1128: Smooth Muscle Myosin Ii Dynamics And Specificity To Muscle Type
Authors: Demeulenaere Sasha K , Bennet Margaret , Oakes Patrick , Beach Jordan 
Published: July 2024

Smooth muscle myosin II (SMII), the main motor protein in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), generates the contractile forces crucial to VSMC function. SMII filaments assemble into bundles that bind and pull on the actin cytoskeleton. VSMCs exist on a functional spectrum between the contractile and synthetic phenotypes. Our previous work established a discernible difference in EGFP-SMII filaments between phenotypes. The synthetic phenotype is highly dynamic with SMII filaments freely assembling into bundles and dissociating into monomers. The contractile phenotype features stabilized SMII bundles leading to organized contractile machinery. While known that VSMC function changes with artery size, differences in SMII dynamics remain understudied. We will investigate these differences in SMII between VSMCs of large conducting, small conducting, and resistive arteries to determine SMII functional properties unique to each VSMC type. We will extend this to looking at smooth muscle cells (SMC) from other tissue types. We aim to identify tissue-specific SMII properties to discover mechanisms that predispose specific tissues to pathologies and potential tissue-specific targets for therapeutics.
We recently engineered a novel endogenously-tagged EGFP-SMII mouse, which allowed us to observe changes in VSMC contractile machinery directly and to better understand SMII dynamics. We isolated SMCs from the EGFP-SMII mouse from the vasculature, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tracts. We measured SMII filament assembly, SMII fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), and whole-cell and organoid contractility using traction force microscopy.
With the isolation of single cells, we observed a very rapid transition in aortic VSMC phenotype, from contractile to synthetic, with the contractile machinery demonstrating synthetic changes accordingly. The physiologic, native whole-tissue state had stable SMII dynamics, while isolated cells (in a pathologic, cultured state) exhibited rapid filament turnover. We also observed greater stability in aortic tissue ex vivo compared to other vessels and tissues containing SMII. These results suggest aortic SMII has unique properties and pathways specific to the type and state of the tissue.
Neurofilament Light Chain and Risk of Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Aulin Julia , Sjölin Karl , Lindbäck Johan , Benz Alexander P. , Eikelboom John W. , Hijazi Ziad , Kultima Kim , Oldgren Jonas , Wallentin Lars , Burman Joachim ,   on behalf of the ACTIVE A and AVERROES Investigators
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:
Biomarkers reflecting brain injury are not routinely used in risk assessment of stroke in atrial fibrillation (AF). Neurofilament light chain (NFL) is a novel biomarker released into blood after cerebral insults. We investigated the association between plasma concentrations of NFL, other biomarkers, and risk of stroke and death in patients with AF not receiving oral anticoagulation.

METHODS:
For this observational study, baseline plasma samples were available from 3077 patients with AF randomized to aspirin in ACTIVE A (Atrial Fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial With Irbesartan for Prevention of Vascular Events; 2003 to 2008) and AVERROES (Apixaban Versus Acetylsalicylic Acid [ASA] to Prevent Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Who Have Failed or Are Unsuitable for Vitamin K Antagonist Treatment; 2007 to 2009). Median follow-up was 1.5 years. NFL was analyzed with a Single Molecule Array (Simoa). Associations with outcomes (total stroke or systemic embolism, ischemic stroke, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death) were explored with Cox regression models.

RESULTS:
In the combined cohort, the median NFL level was 16.9 ng/L (interquartile range, 11.1–26.5 ng/L), the median age was 71 years, 58% were men, and 13% had a history of previous stroke. NFL was associated with older age, higher creatinine, lower body mass index, previous stroke, female sex, and diabetes but not cardiac rhythm. Higher NFL was associated with a higher risk of stroke or systemic embolism (n=206) independently of clinical characteristics (hazard ratio, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.10–1.46] per doubling of NFL) and other biomarkers (hazard ratio, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.01–1.37]) and including in patients without previous stroke (hazard ratio, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.02–1.48]). NFL was also independently associated with cardiovascular (n=219) and all-cause (n=311) death. The C index for stroke using only NFL was 0.642, on par with the currently used clinical risk scores. Addition of information on NFL improved discrimination in a model also including clinical information, NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide), and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T, yielding a C index of 0.727.

CONCLUSIONS:
NFL reflects overt and covert episodes of cerebral ischemia and improves risk assessment of stroke and death in patients with AF without oral anticoagulation, including in patients without previous stroke. The combination of NFL with information on age, history of stroke, and other biomarkers should be explored as a future avenue for stroke risk assessments in patients with AF.
Recipe for Heart Health: A Randomized Crossover Trial on Cardiometabolic Effects of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Within a Whole‐Food Plant‐Based Vegan Diet
Authors: Krenek Andrea M. , Mathews Anne , Guo Juen , Courville Amber B. , Pepine Carl J. , Chung Stephanie T. , Aggarwal Monica 
Published: July 2024

Background
Whole‐food, plant‐based vegan diets, low in oils, and Mediterranean diets, rich in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors. Optimal quantity of dietary fat, particularly EVOO, is unclear.

Methods and Results

In a randomized crossover trial with weekly cooking classes, adults with ≥5% cardiovascular disease risk followed a high (4 tablespoons/day) to low (<1 teaspoon/day) or low to high EVOO whole‐food, plant‐based diet for 4 weeks each, separated by a 1‐week washout. The primary outcome was difference in low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) from baseline. Secondary measures were changes in additional cardiometabolic markers. Linear mixed models assessed changes from baseline between phases, with age, sex, and body weight change as covariates. In 40 participants, fat intake comprised 48% and 32% of energy during high and low EVOO phases, respectively. Both diets resulted in comparable reductions in LDL‐C, total cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (all
P
<0.05). With diet‐sequence interactions for LDL‐C, differences were detected between diets by diet order (mean±SEM high to low: Δ‐12.7[5.9] mg/dL,
P
=0.04 versus low to high: Δ+15.8[6.8] mg/dL,
P
=0.02). Similarly, low to high order led to increased glucose, total cholesterol, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (all
P
<0.05). Over period 1, LDL‐C reductions were −25.5(5.1) post‐low versus −16.7(4.2) mg/dL post‐high EVOO,
P
=0.162, which diminished over period 2.

Conclusions
Both plant‐based diet patterns improved cardiometabolic risk profiles compared with baseline diets, with more pronounced decreases in LDL‐C after the low EVOO diet. Addition of EVOO after following a low intake pattern may impede further lipid reductions.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier:
NCT04828447
.
Endotype and Phenotype Related Postoperative Effects of Bacterial Lysate in Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Hong Seung-No , Yang Seung Koo , Kim Su Geun , Han Sun A. , Park Jin-A , Cha Hyunkyung , Kim Joon Kon , Yoon So Yeon , Eun Kyoung Mi , Kim Dae Woo 
Published: July 2024

Objectives: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) endotypes have demonstrated clinical value in guiding treatment decisions. Bacterial lysates are immunomodulators that have shown beneficial effects in various respiratory inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of postoperative bacterial lysate therapy on different CRS endotypes. Methods: Patients diagnosed with CRS who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were recruited. Bacterial lysates were administered postoperatively for 10 days per month for 3 months to the experimental group comprising patients with a history of frequent upper respiratory infections without adverse reactions. The remaining participants were allocated to the control group. The results of the postoperative 3-, 6-, and 12-month assessments, including the modified Lund-Kennedy (mLK) endoscopic and Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT) 22 scores, for the groups were compared. The tissue samples obtained from the participants were evaluated to detect the presence of relevant inflammatory mediators. Results: Among the 92 participants, 47 started bacterial lysate therapy 2 weeks after the surgery. The tissue cytokine profiles and clinical parameters, such as the disease severity and blood eosinophil percentage, of the bacterial lysate and control groups were comparable before treatment. The mLK endoscopic and SNOT-22 scores did not differ after 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up. The subgroup analysis revealed that the bacterial lysate group had significantly lower mLK endoscopic scores than the control group for CRS without nasal polyps, while there was a tendency toward significance for the interleukin (IL)-5 negative group after 6 months. Conclusion: Postoperative bacterial lysate therapy has some beneficial effects on the endoscopic findings of patients with CRS without nasal polyps or those who are negative for IL-5.
Operational mental health. . .what practitioners and commanders should know
Authors: Deahl Martin 
Published: July 2024

Background: Mental Health support to military operations is well established as an integral part of military medicine. Unfortunately, Commanders often receive little or no training in how best to use their mental health assets or what their capabilities are. Conversely, members of a Field Mental Health Team frequently have no operational experience and try to merely translate their civilian practice onto the battlefield. Aim: This article describes what mental health professional can, and should do on military deployments and calls for greater training and awareness of both Mental Health professionals and Operational Commanders to foster mutual understanding and use the Field Mental Health Team to best effect. Method: The paper drawson the experience of working in a Field Mental Health Team on six operational deployments in Iraq and Afghanistan. Results: Military mental health professionals work mostly in peacetime and this work ill prepares them for the very different type of work required of them on operations. Conclusion: More training is required to prepare both practitioners and commanders for the mental health issues that confront them on operational deployments.
Hybrid trajectory planning of two permanent magnets for medical robotic applications
Authors: Brockdorff Michael , da Veiga Tomas , Davy Joshua , Lloyd Peter , Chandler James H , Pittiglio Giovanni , Mathew Ryan K , Valdastri Pietro 
Published: July 2024

Independent robotic manipulation of two large permanent magnets, in the form of the dual External Permanent Magnet (dEPM) system has demonstrated the possibility for enhanced magnetic control by allowing for actuation up to eight magnetic degrees of freedom (DOFs) at clinically relevant scales. This precise off-board control has facilitated the use of magnetic agents as medical devices, including catheter-like soft continuum robots (SCRs). The use of multiple robotically actuated permanent magnets poses the risk of collision between the robotic arms, the environment, and the patient. Furthermore, unconstrained transitions between actuation inputs can lead to undesired spikes in magnetic fields potentially resulting in unsafe manipulator deformation. This paper presents a hybrid approach to trajectory planning for the dEPM platform. This is performed by splitting the planning problem in two: first finding a collision-free physical path for the two robotically actuated permanent magnets before combining this with a path in magnetic space, which permits for a smooth change in magnetic fields and gradients. This algorithm was characterized by actuating each of the eight magnetic DOFs sequentially, eliminating any potential collisions and reducing the maximum undesired actuation value by 203.7 mT for fields and by 418.7 mT/m for gradients. The effect of this planned magnetic field actuation on a SCR was then examined through two case studies. First, a tip-driven SCR was moved to set points within a confined area. Actuation using the proposed planner reduced movement outside the restricted area by an average of 41.3%. Lastly, the use of the proposed magnetic planner was shown to be essential in navigating a multi-segment magnetic SCR to the site of an aneurysm within a silicone brain phantom.
The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Mental Health and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Talebisiavashani Fatemeh , Mohammadi-Sartang Mohsen 
Published: July 2024

Objectives To assess whether mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) affect mental health and cognitive abilities in older adults. Methods A systematic search was performed in PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to June 2023. Weight mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were provided as summary statistics. Results In total, 26 articles were eligible. Overall, MBIs showed a statistically significant improvement in depression, anxiety, quality of life, and working memory compared to controls. However, no significant effects of MBIs on other cognitive parameters were found. In moderator analysis, less than eight weeks of MBIs showed greater improvement in anxiety and quality of life than longer periods. There was no evidence for publication bias. Discussion Mindfulness-based interventions can be an encouraging alternative in place of conventional treatments in improving depression, anxiety, quality of life and working memory in cognition among older adults. However, findings strongly recommend future research to have definite conclusion.
A qualitative investigation of the experiences of patients living with antiphospholipid antibodies
Authors: Cardwell Francesca S , Kobza Alexandra O , Elliott Susan J , Gibson Paul S , Soliman Nancy , Skeith Leslie , Clarke Ann E , Barber Megan RW 
Published: July 2024

Objective Substantial morbidity and mortality affect those with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), yet patient experiences remain poorly understood. This research investigated patient experiences of aPL/APS diagnosis; effects on daily life; and healthcare and treatment. Methods Patients aged ≥18 years with APS per the Revised Sapporo criteria or with ≥1 positive aPL on ≥2 occasions were recruited from a Canadian multidisciplinary APS clinic to participate in semi-structured in-depth interviews. Interviews were conducted virtually and transcribed verbatim for subsequent thematic analysis. Results Twenty-one patients with aPLs/APS participated; 95.2% were female, mean (SD) age was 45.6 (15.0) years. Most (71.4%) had APS, and 71.4% had aPLs/APS with SLE. Results are presented around patient experiences of aPL/APS diagnosis, effects on daily life, and healthcare and treatment. Participants described medical complications/physical symptoms and the healthcare, lifestyle, and emotional impacts experienced around the time of aPLs/APS diagnosis. In addition to the physical and psychosocial impacts of living with aPLs/APS, patients reported modified leisure activities, altered employment trajectories, and positive and negative impacts on relationships. Impacts on family planning were also a critical component of the aPL/APS lived experience; participants shared experiences of miscarriage, other pregnancy complications, and medication-related challenges (e.g., with low-molecular-weight heparin injections). Challenging aspects of aPL/APS healthcare and treatment were also discussed, particularly related to the lifestyle, physical, and emotional burden of medication use. Although a lack of resources was described, participants expressed trust in healthcare providers when making management decisions or when seeking information. Suggestions for resources included the need for additional medication-related information, examples to help contextualize management behaviours, and additional information for those with aPLs/APS without SLE. Conclusion Patients highlighted how the diverse manifestations of aPLs/APS, accentuated by management-related challenges, impose considerable physical and psychosocial burdens. Results will inform the development of patient resources aligned with patient priorities.
The growth of nursing professional values – A grounded theory
Authors: Li Jialin , Li Xiaohan 
Published: July 2024

Background The formation of nursing professional values is crucial to the development of the nursing profession, but it is influenced by various factors. The process of shaping nursing professional values in different growth contexts has been overlooked. In order to establish professional values in the context of Chinese nursing, it is necessary to investigate the evolution of nursing professional values throughout history. Purpose To develop a theory of professional values growth from a nursing context. Design: This study adopted a grounded theory approach from Strauss and Corbin. Participants From November 2021 to March 2022, a total of 33 participants were included. Methods Data were collected using a semi-structured interview over telephone or online or face to face and were analysed using open, axial, and selective coding, with the help of MAXQDA 2020. Ethical Considerations The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the China Medical University. All participants signed the informed consent and agreed to be interviewed before the study. Findings The study has developed a theoretical construct of nursing professional values growth that consists of five dimensions: key aspects, decisive opportunities, drivers, embodiment, and shaping outcomes. And key aspects include four subcategories (the initial stage, the consciousness stage, the core stage, and the action stage). Decisive opportunities come from organisations and individuals. Drivers consist of social culture and self-trait, and embodiment covers two subcategories (humanism and ethical emotions). The last dimension is shaping outcomes, which consists of three subcategories (maintaining the original intention, professionalism, and instilling professional values). Discussion The theory demonstrates the individual development process of nursing professional values in different interactive contexts, the context of its interaction with social and personal values is revealed, and the dynamics and mechanisms of the formation of personal psychological qualities in professional values from a nursing context are discovered. Conclusions This theory reveals the mechanisms that shape nursing professional values and can provide guidance for the growth of nursing students’ professional values.
A Battery-Powered Tool to Move Utility Manhole Covers: Field Data and Proof of Concept
Authors: Marklin Richard W. , Schabelski Jay , Gallagher Sean , Nail-Ulloa Iván , Shober John 
Published: July 2024

A new tool was designed and fabricated for workers to remove and replace electric utility manhole and vault covers. This tool, which is portable and weighs 7.26 kg (16 lb.), employs a battery-powered electric motor to raise and lower the cover, reducing the manual force. The design was based on field observations and biomechanical measurements of utility workers who moved manhole covers. Biomechanical data from the pilot study reveal the tool’s potential to reduce risk of a back injury. Field observations and data demonstrate the proof of concept, and the design will be further developed.