bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les métis culturels et identitaires. Un nouveau paradigme contemporain
Authors: Sironi Françoise 
Published: July 2013

À l’heure de la mondialité, émergent des constructions identitaires et des problématiques cliniques nouvelles : métissages culturels (par naissance), métissages identitaires (suite à une expérience d’acculturation, de mutation sociale, intellectuelle ou spirituelle), néo-parentalités (familles recomposées, homoparentalités, uni-parentalités), adoptions et procréations médicalement assistées, transidentités (sujets transgenres ou transsexuels). L’auteure montre en quoi la clinique des métissages constitue un nouveau paradigme permettant de penser celle des autres nouvelles constructions identitaires. La psychothérapie, dans ces cas de figure, est un accompagnement des vicissitudes d’une métamorphose identitaire. Enfin, les métis culturels et identitaires ont également une fonction politique intéressante : ce sont des passeurs de mondes.
Quels enjeux anthropologiques et éthiques pour la traduction en santé publique ?
Authors: Lkhadir Aïcha , Mestre Claire 
Published: July 2013

Cet article est le fruit de l’analyse de pratiques d’interprètes intervenant en milieu hospitalier et salariés par une association, Mana, dont les missions sont le soin et la prévention auprès des populations migrantes, la recherche et la formation. Ce travail consiste, depuis désormais 2004, à offrir aux interprètes un espace de parole, à écouter et à analyser leurs récits dans une approche complémentariste anthropologique et psychologique. Cette action intervient à un moment où la question de la traduction orale dans l’institution hospitalière est devenue un besoin pressant. La présence de l’interprétariat y demeure malheureusement précaire ; cela exacerbe l’inégalité de l’accès aux soins de ces populations. Toutefois, les interventions des interprètes ne vont pas de soi, elles soulèvent plusieurs questionnements : comment vivent-ils et perçoivent-ils leur rôle dans cette nouvelle fonction ? Comment sont-ils perçus par les professionnels et quelles difficultés rencontrent-ils ? Nous nous attelons ici à mettre en évidence, à travers leurs propres paroles, les enjeux auxquels ils sont confrontés, puis nous proposons quelques pistes de travail pour ce métier en devenir.
Reply to Roger E. Bissell:
Authors: Hardin Dennis C. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
In his article, “The Logic of Liberty” (Journal of Ayn Rand Studies 12, no. 1), Roger Bissell uses an analytical diagram to show that Ayn Rand was wrong to characterize the differences between liberals and conservatives in terms of the mind-body dichotomy. Bissell claims that the key philosophical difference is not the mind-body dichotomy, but the malevolent universe premise. However, the diagram Bissell uses to discredit Rand's position exhibits a serious design flaw: it presumes the mind-body split by implying the metaphysical superiority of one over the other. This fundamental flaw in his analysis renders his criticism of Rand invalid.
High‐Efficiency Photoluminescence Wholly Aromatic Triarylamine‐based Polyimide Nanofiber with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Enhancement
Authors: Yen Hung‐Ju , Wu Jia‐Hao , Wang Wen‐Chang , Liou Guey‐Sheng 
Published: July 2013

Novel AIE‐active, high Tg (up to 420 °C), and solution‐processable wholly aromatic polyimides with triarylamine chromophores are synthesized and fabricated into highly efficient photoluminescence (PL) nanofibers by an electrospinning method. The PL intensity of polymer solutions is induced by aggregation in poor solvents, and they could be fabricated into solid films with high PL quantum yields of up to 22%, demonstrating their aggregation‐induced emission feature. Moreover, the electrospun nanofibers have the highest PL quantum yield of 26% among aromatic polyimides, suggesting their great potential for high‐performance optoelectronic applications.
Implications of genetic testing in noncompaction/hypertrabeculation
Authors: Shieh Joseph T.C. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractNoncompaction/hypertrabeculation is increasingly being recognized in children and adults, yet we understand little about the causes of disease. Genes associated with noncompaction/hypertrabeculation have been identified, but how can these assist in clinical management? Genomic technologies have also expanded tremendously, making testing more comprehensive, but they also present new questions given the tremendous diversity of phenotypes and variability of genomes. Here we present genetic evaluation strategies and assess clinical testing options for noncompaction/hypertrabeculation. We assess genes/gene panels offered by clinical laboratories and the potential for high‐throughput sequencing to fuel further discovery. We discuss challenges in cardiovascular genetics, such as interpretation of genomic variants, prediction and disease penetrance. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Barth syndrome
Authors: Jefferies John L. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBarth syndrome (BTHS) is an X‐linked recessive disorder that is typically characterized by cardiomyopathy (CMP), skeletal myopathy, growth retardation, neutropenia, and increased urinary levels of 3‐methylglutaconic acid (3‐MGCA). There may be a wide variability of phenotypes amongst BTHS patients with some exhibiting some or all of these findings. BTHS was first described as a disease of the mitochondria resulting in neutropenia as well as skeletal and cardiac myopathies. Over the past few years, a greater understanding of BTHS has developed related to the underlying genetic mechanisms responsible for the disease. Mutations in the TAZ gene on chromosome Xq28, also known as G4.5, are responsible for the BTHS phenotype resulting in a loss‐of‐function in the protein product tafazzin. Clinical management of BTHS has also seen improvement. Patients with neutropenia are susceptible to life‐threatening bacterial infections with sepsis being a significant concern for possible morbidity and mortality. Increasingly, BTHS patients are suffering from heart failure secondary to their CMP. Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) and dilated CMP are the most common cardiac phenotypes reported and can lead to symptoms of heart failure as well as ventricular arrhythmias. Expanded treatment options for end‐stage myocardial dysfunction now offer an opportunity to change the natural history for these patients. Herein, we will provide a current review of the genetic and molecular basis of BTHS, the clinical features and management of BTHS, and potential future directions for therapeutic strategies. © 2013 The Authors. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Energetic Monoanionic Salts of 3,5‐Dinitropyridin‐2‐ol
Authors: Ghule Vikas D. , Srinivas Dharavath , Muralidharan Krishnamurthi 
Published: July 2013

Abstract3,5‐Dinitropyridin‐2‐ol (DNP) and thirteen of its monoanionic salts (1–13) containing diverse cations, including nitrogen‐rich molecules, were readily synthesized and fully characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopy, as well as thermogravimetric differential thermal analyses, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analyses. Favorable structure–property relationships were achieved by changing the cationic moieties. The densities of the DNP salts range between 1.60–1.74 g cm−3, whereas detonation velocities and pressures were calculated to be in the range 6.51–7.56 km s−1 and 17.57–24.84 GPa, respectively. Based on contributions to the energetic properties, the most promising cation for use in energetic DNP salts of those studied were nitroguanidine and 3‐nitro‐1,2,4‐triazole.
Medical therapy reduces microbiota diversity and evenness in surgically recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Liu Cindy M. , Soldanova Katerina , Nordstrom Lora , Dwan Michael G. , Moss Owain L. , Contente‐Cuomo Tania L. , Keim Paul , Price Lance B. , Lane Andrew P. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a highly prevalent and heterogeneous condition frequently treated with antibiotics and corticosteroid therapy. However, the effect of medical therapy on sinus microbiota remains unknown.MethodsWe enrolled CRS patients (n = 6) with patent maxillary antrostomies and active mucosal inflammation, who had not received antibiotics or corticosteroids in the previous 8 weeks. A pretreatment and posttreatment maxillary sinus swab was collected, from which DNA was extracted, pyrosequenced, and analyzed using a naïve Bayesian classifier and ecological analyses.ResultsFour patients showed significant improvement in endoscopic appearance. The shifts in microbiota in response to therapy were highly individualized. There was no single common microbiota profile among patients with similar clinical outcomes, but overall there was significant decrease in microbiota diversity (t(5) = 2.05, p = 0.10) and evenness (t(5) = 2.28, p = 0.07) after treatment.ConclusionOur findings strongly correlate with earlier studies that examined the impact of antibiotics on human microbiota. We observed that posttreatment, patients frequently became colonized by taxa that are less susceptible to the prescribed antibiotics. Our findings highlight the challenge in seeking generalizable diagnostic and therapeutic options in CRS, particularly regarding microbiological response and outcomes.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of total intravenous anesthesia and endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: DeConde Adam S. , Thompson Christopher F. , Wu Edward C. , Suh Jeffrey D. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundTotal intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) has been shown in some studies to impact visual field, blood loss, and cardiovascular parameters during endoscopic sinus surgery when compared to inhalational anesthesia (IA). These variables are critical in endoscopic sinus surgery. A systematic review and meta‐analysis was undertaken to discern the impact of TIVA vs IA in endoscopic sinus surgery.MethodsMEDLINE (1950 to October 20, 2012) was searched using a search strategy designed to include all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that discussed TIVA, IA, and endoscopic sinus surgery. An abstract search was then used to identify RCTs directly comparing TIVA and IA in endoscopic sinus surgery. All articles selected then underwent full‐text review. Data on visual field scores, blood loss, and cardiovascular parameters was then extracted, compared, and analyzed.ResultsThere were 42 articles identified by the search strategy. Full‐text review identified 9 articles that met eligibility criteria and contained extractable data. Although inconsistently reported, preoperative characteristics (Lund‐Mackay scores and history of nasal polyps) were similar (p > 0.05) between the 2 groups. No difference was found between heart rate, mean arterial pressure, anesthesia time, operative time, or estimated blood loss. Only 7 studies reported a visibility score, but overall favored the TIVA group (p < 0.001).ConclusionCurrent evidence supporting TIVA is limited to a handful of inconsistently controlled and reported studies. Standardized grading of visibility scores and preoperative characteristics would better establish the role of TIVA in endoscopic sinus surgery.
Von einzelnen H‐Brücken zu ausgedehnten H‐verbrückten Drähten: niederdimensionale Modellsysteme für die Schwingungsspektroskopie vernetzter Flüssigkeiten
Authors: Olschewski Martin , Knop Stephan , Lindner Jörg , Vöhringer Peter 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDie anomalen Eigenschaften von Wasser erschließen sich uns nur dann vollends, wenn wir Wasserstoffbrücken untersuchen. Diese Behauptung beruht auf der statistischen Mechanik, die uns lehrt, wie Struktur und thermodynamische Eigenschaften von Fluiden und dichten Flüssigkeiten aus den intermolekularen Kräften zu berechnen sind. Im Falle komplexer, vernetzter Flüssigkeiten bilden solche Rechnungen allerdings ein beachtliches – oder gar unüberwindbares – Hindernis, das unser noch immer begrenztes Verständnis von Wasserstoffbrücken offenbart. Es bedarf weiterer experimenteller Forschung an wasserstoffverbrückten Systemen, um eine umfassende Theorie vernetzter Flüssigkeiten zu entwickeln. Dieser Aufsatz gibt einen Einblick in eine neue experimentelle Methode, die verwendet wird, um ultraschnelle Strukturdynamiken von Wasserstoffbrücken zu erforschen: die zweidimensionale Infrarotspektroskopie. Wir diskutieren ihre Anwendung auf wasserstoffverbrückte Systeme mit steigender Komplexität: von der einzelnen Wasserstoffbrücke eines Diols bis hin zu niederdimensionalen, ausgedehnten Netzwerken stereoselektiv synthetisierter Polyalkohole.
Bipolare Elektrochemie
Authors: Fosdick Stephen E. , Knust Kyle N. , Scida Karen , Crooks Richard M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractEine bipolare Elektrode (BPE) ist ein elektrisch leitfähiges Objekt, an dessen äußeren Enden elektrochemische Reaktionen ablaufen, ohne dass ein direkter Ohm’scher Kontakt vorhanden sein muss. Es reicht, an eine Elektrolytlösung mit eingetauchter BPE eine Spannung anzulegen, und ab einer bestimmten Potentialdifferenz zwischen BPE und Lösung laufen Oxidations‐ und Reduktionsreaktionen ab. Meist reicht eine einzige Gleichstromquelle oder sogar nur eine Batterie aus, um selbst sehr große Elektrodenanordnungen mit Spannung zu versorgen. Somit können neue Materialen für vielfältige Anwendungen kabellos elektrolytisch hergestellt und auf ihre Eigenschaften hin überprüft werden. Auch bipolar‐elektrochemische Anwendungen mit mobilen, sich frei in Lösung bewegenden Elektroden, die Mikroschwimmer genannt werden, sind möglich.
From Single Hydrogen Bonds to Extended Hydrogen‐Bond Wires: Low‐Dimensional Model Systems for Vibrational Spectroscopy of Associated Liquids
Authors: Olschewski Martin , Knop Stephan , Lindner Jörg , Vöhringer Peter 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIt is fair to say that if we ever wish to understand the anomalous properties of water, we need to study hydrogen bonds. Such a statement is based on statistical mechanics, which tells us how to calculate the structure and the thermodynamic properties of fluids and dense liquids from the forces between the particles. However, in the case of complex associated liquids, such calculations present a formidable—if not even insurmountable—challenge, which largely reflects our still‐limited understanding of the hydrogen‐bonding phenomenon itself. More experimental research on hydrogen‐bonded systems is required to develop a comprehensive, satisfactory theory for associated liquids. This Review gives an introduction to the latest experimental technique currently being used to study the ultrafast structural dynamics of hydrogen bonds, namely two‐dimensional infrared spectroscopy, and its applications to hydrogen‐bonded systems of systematically increasing complexity, starting from the single hydrogen bond of a diol to low‐dimensional extended networks of stereoselectively synthesized polyalcohols.
Lewis Base Catalysis of the Mukaiyama Directed Aldol Reaction: 40 Years of Inspiration and Advances
Authors: Beutner Gregory L. , Denmark Scott E. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSince the landmark publications of the first directed aldol addition reaction in 1973, the site, diastereo‐, and enantioselective aldol reaction has been elevated to the rarefied status of being both a named and a strategy‐level reaction (the Mukaiyama directed aldol reaction). The importance of this reaction in the stereoselective synthesis of untold numbers of organic compounds, both natural and unnatural, cannot be overstated. However, its impact on the field extends beyond the impressive applications in synthesis. The directed aldol reaction has served as a fertile proving ground for new concepts and new methods for stereocontrol and catalysis. This Minireview provides a case history of how the challenges of merging site selectivity, diastereoselectivity, enantioselectivity, and catalysis into a unified reaction manifold stimulated the development of Lewis base catalyzed aldol addition reactions. The evolution of this process is chronicled from the authors’ laboratories as well as in those of Professor Teruaki Mukaiyama.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of enhancements to angioplasty for infrainguinal arterial disease
Authors: Kearns B C , Michaels J A , Stevenson M D , Thomas S M 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
The aim was to perform an economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of endovascular enhancements to percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty (PTA) with bail-out bare metal stents for infrainguinal peripheral arterial disease.

Methods
The following interventions were considered: PTA with no bail-out stenting, PTA with bail-out drug-eluting stents, drug-coated balloons, primary bare metal stents, primary drug-eluting stents, endovascular brachytherapy, stent-grafts and cryoplasty. A discrete-event simulation model was developed to assess the relative cost-effectiveness of the interventions from a health service perspective over a lifetime. Populations of patients with intermittent claudication (IC) and critical leg ischaemia (CLI) were modelled separately. Univariable and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were undertaken. Effectiveness was measured by quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs).

Results
For both patient populations, the use of drug-coated balloons dominated all other options by having both lower lifetime costs and greater effectiveness. For willingness-to-pay thresholds between £0 and £100 000 per additional QALY, the probability of drug-coated balloons being cost-effective was at least 58·3 per cent for patients with IC and at least 72·2 per cent for patients with CLI. Sensitivity analyses showed that the results were robust to different assumptions regarding the clinical benefits attributable to the interventions.

Conclusion
The use of drug-coated balloons represents a cost-effective alternative to the use of PTA with bail-out bare metal stents.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of additional technologies to enhance angioplasty for infrainguinal peripheral arterial occlusive disease
Authors: Simpson E L , Michaels J A , Thomas S M , Cantrell A J 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
There are several additional techniques designed to enhance conventional percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty (PTA). This systematic review assessed current evidence on the clinical effectiveness of additional techniques for infrainguinal peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAD).

Methods
Relevant electronic databases, including MEDLINE, were searched in May 2011. The population comprised participants with symptomatic PAD undergoing endovascular treatment for disease distal to the inguinal ligament. Interventions were additional techniques compared with conventional PTA. Main outcome measures were restenosis and need for reintervention. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of clinical effectiveness were assessed for quality and data were extracted. Where appropriate, meta-analysis was undertaken to produce risk ratios (RRs).

Results
Forty RCTs were selected. Meta-analysis showed a significant benefit in reducing restenosis rates at 6 months for self-expanding stents (RR 0·49) and drug-coated balloons (RR 0·40), and at 12 months for endovascular brachytherapy (RR 0·63). There was also evidence that use of a stent-graft significantly reduced restenosis compared with PTA, as did drug-eluting stents compared with bare-metal stents. Meta-analysis showed that use of drug-coated balloons was associated with significantly lower reintervention rates than PTA alone at 6 months (RR 0·24) and 24 months (RR 0·27) of follow-up. There was also evidence of significantly lower reintervention rates for self-expanding stents at 6 months. Other techniques did not show significant treatment effects for restenosis or reintervention.

Conclusion
The conclusions of this review should be tempered by small sample sizes, lack of clinical outcome measures and differing outcome definitions, making direct comparison across trials difficult. However, self-expanding stents, drug-eluting stents and drug-coated balloons appeared to be the most promising technologies worthy of future study.
FDG‐PET as a predictive biomarker for therapy with everolimus in metastatic renal cell cancer
Authors: Chen James L. , Appelbaum Daniel E. , Kocherginsky Masha , Cowey Charles L. , Kimryn Rathmell Wendy , McDermott David F. , Stadler Walter M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor, everolimus, affects tumor growth by targeting cellular metabolic proliferation pathways and delays renal cell carcinoma (RCC) progression. Preclinical evidence suggests that baseline elevated tumor glucose metabolism as quantified by FDG‐PET ([18F] fluorodeoxy‐glucose positron emission tomography) may predict antitumor activity. Metastatic RCC (mRCC) patients refractory to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway inhibition were treated with standard dose everolimus. FDG‐PET scans were obtained at baseline and 2 weeks; serial computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained at baseline and every 8 weeks. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the most FDG avid lesion, average SUVmax of all measured lesions and their corresponding 2‐week relative changes were examined for association with 8‐week change in tumor size. A total of 63 patients were enrolled; 50 were evaluable for the primary endpoint of which 48 had both PET scans. Patient characteristics included the following: 36 (72%) clear cell histology and median age 59 (range: 37–80). Median pre‐ and 2‐week treatment average SUVmax were 6.6 (1–17.9) and 4.2 (1–13.9), respectively. Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST)‐based measurements demonstrated an average change in tumor burden of 0.2% (−32.7% to 35.9%) at 8 weeks. Relative change in average SUVmax was the best predictor of change in tumor burden (all evaluable P = 0.01; clear cell subtype P = 0.02), with modest correlation. Baseline average SUVmax was correlated with overall survival and progression‐free survival (PFS) (P = 0.023; 0.020), but not with change in tumor burden. Everolimus therapy decreased SUVs on follow‐up PET scans in mRCC patients, but changes were only modestly correlated with changes in tumor size. Thus, clinical use of FDG‐PET‐based biomarkers is challenged by high variability.
Reduced Graphene Oxide: Control of Water Miscibility, Conductivity, and Defects by Photocatalysis
Authors: Yun Jung‐Ho , Ng Yun Hau , Wong Roong Jien , Amal Rose 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA TiO2‐based photocatalytic reaction is demonstrated to synthesize water miscible reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets with conductivity comparable to that of bulk graphite. Unlike the conventional chemical/thermal reduction pathways which effectively deoxygenated the oxidized graphite, the photocatalytic method removes oxygen functional groups selectively to afford excellent conductivity restoration yet maintaining its water miscibility. The controlled redox capabilities of the photocatalyst serve as an effective modulation tool to tune the conductivity restoration and suppression of hydrophobicity. Moreover, the evolution of defect minimization/generation in a two‐step pattern is monitored throughout the photocatalytic process and its association with the conductivity of RGO is established. The insights of defect engineering at the initial stage of graphene oxide (GO) to RGO transformation provides useful information in developing optimum chemical methods to produce large domain and small defect density graphene.
Solvent Effect on Crystal Structure of Tetracycline Hydrochloride
Authors: Hu X. , Wang Y. , Zhao Y. , Wang G. , Bao Y. , Xie C. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe crystal structure of tetracycline hydrochloride was simulated by Bravais‐Friedel‐Donnay‐Harker (BFDH) and modified attachment energy (AE) models, based on the single‐crystal data obtained by Material Studio software. A comparison to the scanning electron microscopy image of tetracycline hydrochloride indicated that the AE model was superior to the BFDH model. The morphology predicted by the AE model was further improved by taking account of the interaction effect between the growing faces and the solvent molecules. The final modification of the AE prediction provided good accordance with the observed results of the experiments.