bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global Reconstruction for Extensive Destruction in Tuberculosis of the Lumbar Spine and Lumbosacral Junction: A Case Report
Authors: Uvaraj Nalli R. , Bosco Aju , Gopinath Nalli R. 
Published: November 2014

Study Design Case report. Objective To analyze the surgical difficulties in restoring global spinal stability and to describe an effective surgical option for tuberculosis with extensive destruction of the lumbosacral spine. Advanced tuberculosis with destruction of the lumbosacral spine can result in a kyphosis or hypolordosis, leading to back pain, spinal instability, and neurological deficits. The conventional treatment goals of lumbosacral tuberculosis are to correct and prevent a lumbar kyphosis, treat or prevent a neurological deficit, and restore global spinal stability. Instrumentation at the lumbosacral junction is technically demanding due to the complex local anatomy, the unique biomechanics, and the difficult fixation in the surrounding diseased bone. Methods We report a 21-year-old woman with tuberculosis from L1 to S2 with back pain and spinal instability. The radiographs showed a kyphosis of the lumbar spine. The magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans revealed extensive destruction of the lumbar and lumbosacral spine. Spinopelvic stabilization combined with anterior debridement and reconstruction with free fibular strut graft was performed. Results The radiographs at follow-up showed a good correction of the kyphosis and excellent graft incorporation and fusion. Conclusions Anterior column reconstruction with a fibular strut graft helps restore and maintain the vertebral height. Posterior stabilization with spinopelvic fixation can be an effective surgical option for reconstructing the spine in extensive lumbosacral tuberculosis with sacral body destruction, requiring long fusions to the sacrum. It augments spinal stability, prevents graft-related complications, and accelerates the graft incorporation and fusion, thereby permitting early mobilization and rehabilitation. In spinal tuberculosis, antitubercular therapy may have to be prolonged in cases with large disease load, based on the clinicoradiographic and laboratory parameters.
Differential impairment of aspirin-dependent platelet cyclooxygenase acetylation by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
Authors: Li Xuanwen , Fries Susanne , Li Ruizhi , Lawson John A. , Propert Kathleen J. , Diamond Scott L. , Blair Ian A. , FitzGerald Garret A. , Grosser Tilo 
Published: November 2014

Significance
Painkillers classified as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly consumed drugs. Although they ameliorate pain effectively by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase, they can cause serious cardiovascular complications, including heart attack and stroke. Additionally, NSAIDs have the potential to render low-dose aspirin taken to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke ineffective through a drug–drug interaction, and there is great uncertainty in how to manage pain in patients with cardiovascular disease. We developed a MS assay to quantitate precisely the interaction of aspirin with NSAIDs. Exposure of volunteers to aspirin revealed a potent drug–drug interaction with ibuprofen and naproxen but not celecoxib. This observation has relevance to the interpretability of ongoing randomized clinical trials comparing the safety of NSAIDs.
Comparative analysis of the domestic cat genome reveals genetic signatures underlying feline biology and domestication
Authors: Montague Michael J. , Li Gang , Gandolfi Barbara , Khan Razib , Aken Bronwen L. , Searle Steven M. J. , Minx Patrick , Hillier LaDeana W. , Koboldt Daniel C. , Davis Brian W. , Driscoll Carlos A. , Barr Christina S. , Blackistone Kevin , Quilez Javier , Lorente-Galdos Belen , Marques-Bonet Tomas , Alkan Can , Thomas Gregg W. C. , Hahn Matthew W. , Menotti-Raymond Marilyn , O’Brien Stephen J. , Wilson Richard K. , Lyons Leslie A. , Murphy William J. , Warren Wesley C. 
Published: November 2014

SignificanceWe present highlights of the first complete domestic cat reference genome, to our knowledge. We provide evolutionary assessments of the feline protein-coding genome, population genetic discoveries surrounding domestication, and a resource of domestic cat genetic variants. These analyses span broadly, from carnivore adaptations for hunting behavior to comparative odorant and chemical detection abilities between cats and dogs. We describe how segregating genetic variation in pigmentation phenotypes has reached fixation within a single breed, and also highlight the genomic differences between domestic cats and wildcats. Specifically, the signatures of selection in the domestic cat genome are linked to genes associated with gene knockout models affecting memory, fear-conditioning behavior, and stimulus-reward learning, and potentially point to the processes by which cats became domesticated.
Spaced training rescues memory and ERK1/2 signaling in fragile X syndrome model mice
Authors: Seese Ronald R. , Wang Kathleen , Yao Yue Qin , Lynch Gary , Gall Christine M. 
Published: November 2014

SignificanceThere are no treatments for congenital intellectual disabilities. Here we show that newly discovered timing rules for maximizing hippocampal long-term potentiation predict training regimens that offset defects in synaptic chemistry and memory in thefragile X mental retardation 1(Fmr1) KO model of fragile X syndrome. Wild-type mice required far less training to form stable memories when given three training trials separated by 1 hour as opposed to one extended session; shorter or longer intervals were ineffective. The same spaced training protocol rescued memory inFmr1KO mice and restored activation of synaptic ERK1/2, a kinase critical for both LTP and learning. These results suggest a readily implementable, neurobiologically based therapeutic strategy for a prevalent form of intellectual disability.
Surface attachment inducesPseudomonas aeruginosavirulence
Authors: Siryaporn Albert , Kuchma Sherry L. , O’Toole George A. , Gitai Zemer 
Published: November 2014

SignificancePseudomonas aeruginosais a pathogen that kills a remarkably wide range of hosts. The environmental cues that regulateP. aeruginosavirulence have remained unclear. Here, we develop a rapid imaging-based virulence assay to quantify virulence. We find that association with rigid surfaces induces virulence toward multiple hosts. Virulence induction depends on the mechanical, but not chemical, properties of the surfaces and requires the surface-exposed protein PilY1, which has homology to the mechanosensitive von Willebrand factor A domain. Specific mutation of this mechanosensitive domain is sufficient to constitutively activate virulence independent of surface attachment. Mechanosensitive virulence induction can explain howP. aeruginosainfects a broad range of hosts while tightly regulating virulence. Consistently, association with one host induces virulence toward other hosts.
TSG-6 as a biomarker to predict efficacy of human mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (hMSCs) in modulating sterile inflammation in vivo
Authors: Lee Ryang Hwa , Yu Ji Min , Foskett Andrea M. , Peltier Grant , Reneau John C. , Bazhanov Nikolay , Oh Joo Youn , Prockop Darwin J. 
Published: November 2014

SignificanceThe clinical trials with human mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow and other tissues are proceeding even though cultures of the cells are heterogeneous and there is large variability among preparations of hMSCs due to differences among donors, culture conditions, and inconsistent tissue sampling. However, there is currently no in vitro bioassay for the evaluation of hMSC efficacy in vivo. Therefore, the value of the data obtained from current clinical trials may well be compromised by variations in the quality of the hMSCs used. This study provides, to our knowledge, the first biomarker that can predict the efficacy of hMSCs in suppressing sterile inflammation in vivo.
Sparse sign-consistent Johnson–Lindenstrauss matrices: Compression with neuroscience-based constraints
Authors: Allen-Zhu Zeyuan , Gelashvili Rati , Micali Silvio , Shavit Nir 
Published: November 2014

SignificanceSignificant biological evidence indicates that the brain may perform some form of compression. To be meaningful, such compression should preserve pairwise correlation of the input data. It is mathematically well known that multiplying the input vectors by a sparse and fixed random matrixAachieves the desired compression. But, to implement such an approach in the brain via a synaptic-connectivity matrix,Ashould also to be sign consistent: that is, all entries in a single column must be either all nonnegative or all nonpositive. This is so because most neurons are either excitatory or inhibitory. We prove that sparse sign-consistent matrices can deliver the desired compression, lending credibility to the hypothesis that correlation-preserving compression occurs in the brain via synaptic-connectivity matrices.
Intravital imaging reveals distinct responses of depleting dynamic tumor-associated macrophage and dendritic cell subpopulations
Authors: Lohela Marja , Casbon Amy-Jo , Olow Aleksandra , Bonham Lynn , Branstetter Daniel , Weng Ning , Smith Jeffrey , Werb Zena 
Published: November 2014

SignificanceTumor-infiltrating myeloid cells fail to support antitumor immunity, and instead contribute to increased malignancy and poor prognosis in breast cancer. We used intravital microscopy in a model of breast cancer to provide unique insight into cellular composition and real-time dynamics of the stromal microenvironment. We characterized the effects of targeted therapy against CSF-1R, an important myeloid cell mitogen receptor. We demonstrate that by blocking accumulation and compromising survival, anti–CSF-1R treatment depletes a cell population sharing characteristics of tumor-associated macrophages and dendritic cells, which further comprises subgroups with different endocytic and matrix metalloproteinase activities. However, the resulting relatively modest delay in tumor growth and metastasis suggests that other cells, such as neutrophils or fibroblasts, may maintain the tumor trophic microenvironment.
The Making of the First Chinese-English Dictionary
Authors: Yang Huiling 
Published: November 2014

Summary
The first printed Chinese–English dictionary was the Dictionary of the Chinese Language in Three Parts compiled by Robert Morrison (1782–1834) published between 1815 and 1823. Two hundred years later it is still in use. This paper traces the tradition of missionary bilingual lexicography in China from its origins down to Morrison. While early manuscript bilingual dictionaries solved the problems of transliteration, alphabetical arrangement of Chinese entries, definition and grammatical information, Morrison improved the transliteration system which he had inherited, invented a new index system matching alphabetically arranged transliterations with Chinese characters, and provided a large number of citations from Chinese classics and popular contemporary Chinese books. Morrison’s lexicographical legacy is reflected in the fact that his transliteration was adopted as the basis for the Wade-Giles system and that the macrostructure and microstructure of his dictionary became a model for Samuel Wells Williams’ (1812–1884) Syllabic Dictionary of the Chinese Language 漢英韻府 (1874, re-edited until 1909) and Henry Allen Giles’ (1845–1935) Chinese-English Dictionary (1892, last ed., 1972.)
Frequency of Contamination of Single-Patient-Use Nebulizers Over Time
Authors: Weber David J. , Gergen Maria F. , Sickbert-Bennett Emily E. , Short Kathleen A. , Lanza-Kaduce Kendra E. , Rutala William A. 
Published: November 2014

Adult hospitalized patients with cystic fibrosis commonly receive nebulized medications. For single-patient-use nebulizers that are cleaned after each use, there is infrequent nebulizer contamination (0%–11%) with only low numbers of epidemiologically important pathogens (less than 100 colony-forming units), and this contamination is similar after 24, 48, and 72 hours of use.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(12):1553–1546
A simplified view of blazars: the very high energy γ-ray vision
Authors: Padovani P. , Giommi P. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
We have recently proposed a simplified scenario for blazars in which these sources are classified as flat-spectrum radio quasars or BL Lacs according to the prescriptions of unified schemes, and to a varying combination of Doppler-boosted radiation from the jet, emission from the accretion disc, the broad-line region, and light from the host galaxy. This scenario has been thoroughly tested through detailed Monte Carlo simulations and reproduces all the main features of existing radio, X-ray, and γ-ray surveys. In this paper, we consider the case of very high energy emission (E &gt; 100 GeV) extrapolating from the expectations for the GeV band, which are in full accordance with the Fermi-LAT survey results, and make detailed predictions for current and future Cherenkov facilities, including the Cherenkov Telescope Array. Our results imply that ≳ 100 new blazars can be detected now at very high energy and up to z ∼ 1, consistently with the very recent MAGIC detection of S4 0218+35 at z = 0.944.
Determinants of trade credit supply among the Ghanaian construction sector
Authors: Owusu-Manu De-Graft , D. Holt Gary , J. Edwards David , Badu Edward 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– Trade credit (TC) provides access to capital for construction contractors globally and is an important source of finance in both developed and developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to explore key factors underpinning construction suppliers’ decisions to provide TC to Ghanaian construction firms.Design/methodology/approach– Primary data from a structured survey of 75 construction suppliers are analysed. Principal component (factor) analysis explores complex structures among suppliers’ decision-making variables.Findings– Underlying constructs of decision criteria exist among seven key factors: financial profile of the contractor; parties’ profit margins; asset portfolio and project particulars; TC quantum and repayment terms; age and experience of the contractor; contractor corporate image; and parties’ cash flows.Originality/value– This is a new decision criteria framework for suppliers and contractors, who utilise TC.
Does agricultural commodity speculation contribute to sustainable development?
Authors: Kleinau Christina , Lin-Hi Nick 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to conceptually analyse the role of speculation in society to determine whether agricultural commodity index funds, a new form of speculation, contribute to sustainable development.Design/methodology/approach– The theoretical arguments justifying the value of the market economic system for generating sustainable development and the positive contribution speculators make too in this context are elaborated. It is then considered whether the arguments justifying traditional speculation hold for agricultural commodity index funds.Findings– Traditional forms of speculation contribute positively to sustainable development; primarily due to the information they uncover on demand and supply factors which affect prices. Agricultural index funds are a danger to sustainable development, as their transactions are not based on demand and supply factors but simply represent demand for the diversification effect which commodities generate when added to an investment portfolio.Originality/value– The article offers a new approach to assessing whether agricultural index funds contribute to sustainable development. Empirical research has been conducted on whether speculation via index funds has unjustifiably affected commodity prices. However, results of these investigations have been inconclusive due to stark limitations in data availability. By approaching the issue from a conceptual point of view, the article delivers theoretically sound arguments as to why agricultural commodity index funds are likely to have an unjustifiable effect on prices and, hence, are a danger to sustainable development. This has strong implications for finance practice and regulation.
Rational socially responsible investment
Authors: Tobias Peylo Benjamin 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is first to give an in-depth discussion of the criticism of socially responsible investment's (SRI) alleged incompatibility with the concept of rational investment constituting an inferiority to conventional investment so as to disprove unwarranted arguments and identify potential for improvement of SRI. The second objective is to propose a framework that places SRI and conventional investment on the same level of rationality.Methodology– The discussion is based on a literature study. The framework uses a previously published multidimensional optimization approach and embeds it into a new, integrated methodology for investment decisions in the presence of SRI objectives. The framework is empirically evaluated using historic stock market data.Findings– The main findings show that SRI is not necessarily less rational than conventional investment; it can be implemented in an equally stringent and clearly defined methodology. The empirical results prove that investors can pursue SRI objectives without sacrificing performance.Research limitations– Focus is on the German stock market; in the future, research will be expanded to cover international markets.Practical implications– The results may contribute to enhance the SRI methodology.Social implications– Investors may be encouraged to consider SRI, strengthening the concept of sustainability.Originality/value– In the literature, the question of SRI’s compatibility with rational investment has often been cited but seldom scrutinized. An in-depth analysis combined with a framework to exploit of the learnings has yet been missing.
An inquiry into different perspectives of health and illness: is the reconciliation possible?
Authors: Ferdousour Rahman Khan , M. Al-Khatlan Haya 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to review different perspectives of health and illness keeping the human being at the center.Design/methodology/approach– This paper has been written based on the review of secondary literature.Findings– The analysis indicates that the appropriate perspective to use depends on normative considerations and the particular policy context to which it will be applied.Research limitations/implications– The main limitation was time and resources, which were overcome by meticulous analysis of secondary data and also through comparison of the results by achieving triangulation.Practical implications– The paper analyzed different perspectives of health and illness in order to increase the insight to the phenomena of health and illness; and also to reach a decision whether consensus among the perspectives is possible or otherwise.Originality/value– After analyzing the existing perspectives of health and illness, this paper proposes that an appropriate approach is needed to reconcile different perspectives for sustainable use.
Women with disabilities
Authors: Folguera Conxita 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the views of women with disability about their working lives in a company in the Barcelona metropolitan area which is unusual in that it employs more than twice the percentage of people with disabilities as the legally established quota (2 percent). The paper specifically addresses concealment of disability in a context provided by organizational inclusion policies.Design/methodology/approach– Narratives from women with disabilities were developed within the case study of the firm to give voice to them and bring forward their perspectives on their own working experience in the organizational context.Findings– The author found that in an arguably inclusive organizational context, unlike their experiences in other contexts, women could choose whether or not to conceal their disability. The organizational context allowed women to forget their disability, yet disability was vindicated in different ways. Emotions were varied and nuanced around feelings of pride, happiness, a wish for independence, pain and relief.Research limitations/implications– The research was done in a specific organization with an unusually high percentage of employees with disability. While results cannot be generalized to other companies, this research can aid understanding of what the processes of inclusion may involve for employees, and for those organizations that choose to engage in inclusive practices.Practical implications– The results of this research are relevant for managers and policy makers in order to obtain insights about how inclusive policies may be perceived by those to whom they are addressed.Social implications– Disability inclusion in organizations is part of disability inclusion in societies. Disability affects 15 percent of the world population. Addressing inclusion processes of people with disability is socially relevant and needed.Originality/value– In contrast to previous research, disability inclusion processes are examined though the voices of the women with disabilities working in the company.
Scientometric analysis of Iraqi-Kurdistan universities’ scientific productivity
Authors: Noruzi Alireza , Abdekhoda Mohammadhiwa 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– This purpose of this study is to examine research performance of Iraqi-Kurdistan universities, using the number of papers appearing in journals and proceedings, and the number of citations received by those papers as covered by Scopus, 1970-2012. This study also identifies subject coverage (domain/field) of publications and determines the preference of research communication channel within the research community?

Design/methodology/approach
– A total of 459 papers published by Iraqi-Kurdistan universities and indexed by Scopus during the given time period were considered. The source items (i.e. records of publications by the faculty members of the Iraqi-Kurdistan universities) were all the documents published in international journals and proceedings indexed by Scopus (an Elsevier bibliographic database) from the time period ranging from 1970 to 2012. All papers having an authorship or a co-authorship associated with the Iraqi-Kurdistan universities were included and the number of citations received by them was counted for the period.

Findings
– The study found that major journals used by Iraqi-Kurdistan universities were Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, Journal of Chinese Clinical Medicine, Asian Journal of Chemistry, Hemoglobin and Journal of Applied Sciences Research. Additionally, three older institutions (Salahaddin University-Hawler, University of Sulaimani and University of Duhok) were the most productive universities. Moreover, the study revealed that 237 of 459 (52 per cent) of publications have international collaborations. It is further evident that among the 459 publications, 211 (40 per cent) have been cited 1,020 times; while 248 (60 per cent) of the papers have not been cited even once, so about 60 per cent of the papers were invisible to world science during the study period. This study also noted that the 25 highly cited papers were cited 484 times, representing 47 per cent of all the citations (484 of 1,020). This indicated a concentration effect, whereby a relatively small number of papers earn most of the citations and research impact generated by the faculty members of Iraqi-Kurdistan universities.

Originality/value
– This is the first scientometric research to analyse Iraqi-Kurdistan universities’ scientific productivity.