bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The long-term outcomes of radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations in pediatric and adolescent populations
Authors: Hanakita Shunya , Koga Tomoyuki , Shin Masahiro , Igaki Hiroshi , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: May 2015

OBJECT
Although stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been accepted as a therapeutic option for arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in children and adolescents, substantial data are still lacking regarding the outcomes of SRS for AVMs in this age group, especially long-term complications. This study aimed to clarify the long-term outcomes of SRS for the treatment of AVM in pediatric patients aged ≤ 18 years.

METHODS
Outcomes of 116 patients who were aged 4–18 years when they underwent SRS between 1990 and 2009 at the study institute were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTS
The median follow-up period after SRS was 100 months, with 6 patients followed up for more than 20 years. Actuarial obliteration rates at 3 and 5 years after SRS were 68% and 88%, respectively. Five hemorrhages occurred in 851 patient-years of follow-up. The annual bleeding rate after SRS before obliteration was calculated as 1.3%, which decreased to 0.2% after obliteration. Shorter maximum nidus diameter (p = 0.02) and higher margin dose (p = 0.03) were associated with a higher obliteration rate. Ten patients experienced adverse events after SRS. Of them, 4 patients presented with delayed complications years after SRS (range 9–20 years after SRS).

CONCLUSIONS
SRS can reduce the risk of hemorrhage in pediatric and adolescent AVMs, with an acceptable risk of complications in the long term. However, adverse events such as expanding hematoma and radiation necrosis that can occur after substantial follow-up should be taken into account at the time that treatment decisions are made and informed consent is obtained.
Treatment biases in traumatic neurosurgical care: a retrospective study of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 1998 to 2009
Authors: McCutcheon Brandon A. , Chang David C. , Marcus Logan , Gonda David D. , Noorbakhsh Abraham , Chen Clark C. , Talamini Mark A. , Carter Bob S. 
Published: May 2015

OBJECT
This study was designed to assess the relationship between insurance status and likelihood of receiving a neurosurgical procedure following admission for either extraaxial intracranial hemorrhage or spinal vertebral fracture.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS; 1998–2009) was performed. Cases of traumatic extraaxial intracranial hematoma and spinal vertebral fracture were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) diagnosis codes. Within this cohort, those patients receiving a craniotomy or spinal fusion and/or decompression in the context of an admission for traumatic brain or spine injury, respectively, were identified using the appropriate ICD-9 procedure codes.

RESULTS
A total of 190,412 patients with extraaxial intracranial hematoma were identified between 1998 and 2009. Within this cohort, 37,434 patients (19.7%) received a craniotomy. A total of 477,110 patients with spinal vertebral fracture were identified. Of these, 37,302 (7.8%) received a spinal decompression and/or fusion. On multivariate analysis controlling for patient demographics, severity of injuries, comorbidities, hospital volume, and hospital characteristics, uninsured patients had a reduced likelihood of receiving a craniotomy (odds ratio [OR] 0.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.71–0.82) and spinal fusion (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.64–0.71) relative to insured patients. This statistically significant trend persisted when uninsured and insured patients were matched on the basis of mortality propensity score. Uninsured patients demonstrated an elevated risk-adjusted mortality rate relative to insured patients in cases of extraaxial intracranial hematoma. Among patients with spinal injury, mortality rates were similar between patients with and without insurance.

CONCLUSIONS
In this study, uninsured patients were consistently less likely to receive a craniotomy or spinal fusion for traumatic intracranial extraaxial hemorrhage and spinal vertebral fracture, respectively. This difference persisted after accounting for overall injury severity and patient access to high- or low-volume treatment centers, and potentially reflects a resource allocation bias against uninsured patients within the hospital setting. This information adds to the growing literature detailing the benefits of health reform initiatives seeking to expand access for the uninsured.
Chine : l’impossible changement de modèle
Authors: Sabatier Pierre 
Published: May 2015

Après avoir basé sa croissance sur sa compétitivité à l’export (modèle allemand) puis sur une politique d’investissements massifs à partir de 2009 (modèle espagnol), la Chine se trouve aujourd’hui face à deux faiblesses : une compétitivité de plus en plus faible à l’export et des difficultés pour aller plus loin dans sa politique d’investissement. Conscientes de ce double péril, les autorités souhaitent développer un marché intérieur afin que les dépenses des ménages prennent le relais des exportations et de l’investissement. Assumer une récession est l’inévitable décrochage par lequel le pays devra passer avant d’espérer pouvoir rééquilibrer son modèle économique.
L’énergie radicale de Touki Bouki
Authors: Chérel Emmanuelle 
Published: May 2015

Le film Mille soleils de la cinéaste Mati Diop (Grand prix du FID de Marseille 2013) nous convie aujourd’hui à revoir le film de Djibril Diop Mambety, son premier long-métrage, Touki Bouki , le voyage de la hyène, considéré comme un classique du cinéma après avoir reçu le prix de la critique internationale du festival de Cannes en 1973. Par ses caractéristiques formelles très audacieuses et par les thèmes toujours actuels qu’il traite, ce film continue à nous questionner : que nous dit-il sur l’histoire du cinéma depuis lors ? De quelles manières Mati Diop le convoque-t-elle ? Comment dialogue-t-il avec le Sénégal contemporain ? Mais également avec les relations France-Afrique ? Ou avec l’Occident ?
Sexbots : nos prochains partenaires
Authors: Mackenzie Robin 
Published: May 2015

Le statut éthico-juridique des robots dotés de sensibilité est encore incertain, mais exige d’être pensé sans tarder. Si les économies d’échelle et les avantages sanitaires conduisent à une convergence des industries du soin et du sexe, les « sexbots » sont susceptibles d’attirer une stigmatisation qui accroîtra leur risque de maltraitance. Cet article soutient qu’il est éthiquement problématique pour les humains de créer des êtres sensibles, fabriqués à des fins utilitaires pour opérer des tâches que nous préférerions ne pas avoir à accomplir, comme prendre soin des personnes âgées et des infirmes, ou comme fournir des services sexuels. Il convient de mettre en place des régimes de protection juridique appropriés à ces nouveaux problèmes.
Le robot qui vous veut du bien
Authors: Cassou-Noguès Pierre 
Published: May 2015

Cet article étudie deux robots en particulier NAO, développé par Aldebaran, et ASIMO, développé par Honda. Il vise à mettre en évidence la fonction et le statut singuliers de ces robots-compagnons. Il insiste pour cela sur « la bienveillance » exigée du robot et l’image d’un échange émotionnel entre le robot et l’utilisateur, comme sur la connectivité du robot, qui oblige à le voir non pas comme un être à part mais plutôt comme l’avatar, ou l’organe, d’un être dispersé dans l’espace.
A Brief Note Concerning Hard Lefschetz for Chow Groups
Authors: Laterveer Robert 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe formulate a conjectural hard Lefschetz property for Chow groups and prove it in some special cases, roughly speaking, for varieties with ûnite-dimensional motive, and for varieties whose self-product has vanishing middle-dimensional Griõths group. An appendix includes related statements that follow from results of Vial.
Sinonasal Rosai-Dorfman Disease
Authors: Murali Sathiya , Kameswaran Mohan , Natarajan Kiran , Devarasetty Amarnath , Senthilvadivu A , LNU Sudhamaheswari 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTAimRosai-dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare histiocytic proliferative disorder characterized by painless massive lymphadenopathy. Extranodal manifestations may occur in the head and neck area. This is a case report of a patient with sinonasal RDD and its management.Materials and methodsThis is a case report of a 36-year-old patient with sinonasal RDD. The clinical features, imaging and histological features are described. The patient underwent endoscopic surgery. Recurrence (8 months later) was managed by laserization of the nasal mass with KTP/532 laser followed by oral corticosteroid therapy.ResultsA 36-year-old lady presented with complaints of left sided nasal obstruction, nasal discharge and left facial discomfort of 6 months duration. There was history of occasional blood stained nasal discharge. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy revealed a polypoidal mass in the left nasal cavity. CT scans revealed soft tissue opacity in the left maxillary antrum, left ostiomeatal complex and extending into the left orbit. There was erosion of the posterolateral wall of the left maxilla. The patient underwent endoscopic surgery and had an uneventful postoperative recovery. Biopsy was reported as Rosai-Dorfman disease. Subsequently, 8 months later, the patient reported with a complaint of nasal obstruction and discharge. A recurrent lesion was noted in the left nasal cavity and maxillary antrum. The mass was managed by laserization followed by oral corticosteroid therapy. One year later, the patient is free from disease and has been advised regarding the necessity of periodic follow-ups.ConclusionRDD is a rare disease encountered by the otolaryngologist. The manifestation of extranodal Rosai-Dorfman disease is most commonly seen in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The clinical findings and imaging characteristics are variable and the diagnosis can be easily missed. Otolaryngologists and pathologists must be aware of the clinical presentation, imaging characteristics and histologic features of Rosai-Dorfman disease.How to cite this articleNatarajan K, Devarasetty A, Murali S, Senthilvadivu A, Sudhamaheswari, Kameswaran M. Sinonasal Rosai-Dorfman Disease. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2014;7(3):142-146.
The Effects of Epithelium-off Corneal Collagen Cross-linking on Peripheral Corneal Keratometry, Pachymetry as well as Scheimpflug Imaging Calculated Corneal Indices in Keratoconus
Authors: Muzychuk Adam , Penner Victor , Rocha Guillermo , Al-Ghoul Ahmed 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To utilize Scheimpflug imaging to describe corneal changes in keratoconic patients undergoing collagen cross- linking.

Study type
Case series.

Study design
Retrospective chart review at two sites: Calgary, Alberta and Brandon, Manitoba, Canada. All patients were diagnosed with keratoconus and had undergone corneal collagen crosslinking. All patients had pre- and post-procedure imaging done with Oculus Pentacam.

Results
Sixty-one eyes of 48 patients with 6 months follow- up and 36 eyes of 27 patients with one year follow-up were included. Average age was 27 ± 12 years (15-48 years). Fifty- one males and 10 females were studied. At 1 year follow-up, all Pentacam indices were found to improve: ISV −4.44 ± 18.6 (p = 0.16), IVA −0.07 ± 0.27 (p = 0.12), KI −0.009 ± 0.082 (p = 0.49), CKI −0.012 ± 0.027 (p = 0.01), IHA −3.87 ± 23.3 (p = 0.33) and IDH −0.062 ± 0.308 (p = 0.24). Keratometry measurements were flatter at the pupil centre by 0.87 ± 2.53 D (p = 0.05). Kmax and Kmin were flatter by 0.58 ± 1.37 D (p = 0.02) and 0.33 ± 1.70 D (p = 0.25) respectively. Pupil center pachymetry was thinner by 12.9 ± 21.1 µm (p = 0.0006) at 6 months, as were the corneal apex and thinnest local by 12.9 ± 22.3 µm (p = 0.001) and 21.8 ± 54.6 µm (p = 0.05) respectively. However, all central pachymetry readings were not statistically different from baseline at the one year measurements. Peripheral corneal measurements at 6 mm diameter were no different from baseline at 6 months, however, were significantly thicker at the 1 year follow-up.

Conclusion
The data, in this study, points to a more uniform cornea post corneal collagen crosslinking. The inferior cornea becomes flatter and superior cornea steeper with less variation when comparing the corneal curvatures. The peripheral cornea becomes thicker at 1 year post-procedure. Collagen cross- linking stabilizes the cornea.

How to cite this article
Penner V, Muzychuk A, Al-Ghoul A, Rocha G. The Effects of Epithelium-off Corneal Collagen Crosslinking on Peripheral Corneal Keratometry, Pachymetry as well as Scheimpflug Imaging Calculated Corneal Indices in Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2014;3(3):113-117.
Transient Keratoconus following Acute Conjunctivitis
Authors: Rocha Guilherme , Rocha Arthur 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
A 34-year-old female patient presented low visual acuity and vision fluctuation in left eye after a referred acute conjunctivitis. Two previous ophthalmological evaluations diagnosed keratoconus, but the patient disagreed with this diagnosis. Following the patient with an anterior segment tomography and clinical evaluation showed that she had a keratoconus- like topographic and clinical pattern that resolved after a few months of follow-up.

How to cite this article
Rocha G, Torquetti L, Rocha A. Transient Keratoconus following Acute Conjunctivitis. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2014;3(3):136-140.
Tracing the Footsteps of the Fathers: The History of the Acta Unitatis Fratrum
Authors: Mai Claudia 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
In 1840 the Moravian Church purchased a set of thirteen volumes of historical records relating to the ancient Unity of Brethren. This article discusses the content and origins of these so-called Lissa Folios and describes efforts made to translate them into German and their use in the historiography of the Unity of Brethren. In 1945 the Lissa Folios were brought to Prague and are today preserved under the best archival practices at the Czech State Archives.
On an Eighteenth-Century Trail of Tears: The Travel Diary of Johann Jacob Schmick of the Moravian Indian Congregation's Journey to the Susquehanna, 1765
Authors: Wheeler Rachel , Hahn-Bruckart Thomas 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
This piece is a translation of a travel journal kept by missionary Johann Jacob Schmick as he traveled with the Moravian Indian congregation from Philadelphia to the Susquehanna in 1765. The community of mostly Delaware and Mohican Indians had been living under armed guard at the Philadelphia Barracks following the violence instigated by Pontiac's Revolt and the Paxton Boys uprising. The community's settlement on the Susquehanna marked a new model of Moravian mission and serves as an early example of Indian removal, particularly noteworthy in this instance because the community was composed of Christian Indians.
Green Vehicle Routing for Small Motor Carriers
Authors: Suzuki Yoshinori , Kabir Qazi Shaheen 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article proposes a simple vehicle-routing technique that can help motor carriers reduce fuel consumption and pollutant emission. This technique is designed specifically for small motor carriers, which, unlike large carriers, may not benefit from modern vehicle-routing techniques because of the lack of technical capabilities to implement such methods or financial power to buy expensive vehicle-routing software products. Since the majority of motor carriers are small in many places (especially in the United States and Europe), it is important that we help this particular segment of the trucking industry (small carriers) reduce their environmental impacts if we wish to minimize the overall impacts of the industry. Computational testing shows that our method not only cuts fuel consumption and pollutant emission, but also reduces road damage.
Electromagnetic energy conversion at dipolarization fronts: Multispacecraft results
Authors: Huang S. Y. , Fu H. S. , Yuan Z. G. , Zhou M. , Fu S. , Deng X. H. , Sun W. J. , Pang Y. , Wang D. D. , Li H. M. , Li H. M. , Yu X. D. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractDipolarization fronts (DFs) are believed to play important roles in transferring plasmas, magnetic fluxes, and energies in the magnetotail. Using the Cluster observations in 2003, electromagnetic energy conversion at the DFs is investigated by case and statistical studies. The case study indicates strongest energy conversion at the DF. The statistical study shows the similar features that the energy of the fields can be significantly transferred to the plasmas (load, J · E > 0) at the DFs. These results are consistent with some recent simulations. Examining the electromagnetic fluctuations at the DFs, we suggest that the wave activities around the lower hybrid frequency may play an important role in the energy dissipation.
Solar wind control of ionospheric equivalent currents and their time derivatives
Authors: Juusola L. , Kauristie K. , van de Kamp M. , Tanskanen E. I. , Mursula K. , Asikainen T. , Andréeová K. , Partamies N. , Vanhamäki H. , Viljanen A. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA solid understanding of the solar wind control of ground magnetic field disturbances is essential for utilizing the existing long time series of ground data to obtain information on solar wind‐magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling. We have used 20 years of International Monitor for Auroral Geomagnetic Effects magnetometer data (54°–76° magnetic latitude) to study the solar wind control of the ionospheric equivalent current density and its time derivative (<|dJeq/dt|>). We found that <|dJeq/dt|> peaks at the premidnight and prenoon ends of the westward electrojet. The prenoon <|dJeq/dt|> peak was most intense during fast solar wind and radial interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). The location of the peak was not affected by the IMF orientation but persisted at 8–10 magnetic local time and 70°–75° latitude, near the boundary between the westward and eastward electrojets. Sensitivity of this boundary to disturbances was suggested as a possible explanation for the persistent prenoon location of the peak. The premidnight peak was most intense during southward IMF orientation. While faster solar wind mainly resulted in more intense <|dJeq/dt|> in the premidnight sector, stronger IMF caused the region of intense <|dJeq/dt|> to spread to the postmidnight, dawn, and dusk sectors. A good correspondence was found between development of the nightside <|dJeq/dt|> intensification and average substorm bulge and oval aurora as determined by Gjerloev et al. (2007). The bulge aurora covered the western end of the westward electrojet where the equivalent current also had a significant poleward component. The substorm oval aurora, on the other hand, extended eastward along the westward electrojet.
A Regioselective Formal Coupling Reaction Between C(sp2) and C(sp3): o‐Quinodimethane (o‐QDM)‐Mediated Domino Process for the Construction of 3‐(2‐methylbenzyl)indole Derivatives
Authors: Wang Miao , Wang Jungang , Xiang Jiachen , Wu Anxin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this work, a metal‐free, regioselective, formal coupling reaction between C(sp2) of indoles and the C(sp3) of benzo[c]oxepines has been realized. This method provides an efficient approach for the synthesis of 3‐(2‐methylbenzyl)indole derivatives. Based on the experimental results, a sequential ring‐opening/[1,5]H‐shift/Michael addition mechanism was proposed.
Direct Synthesis of 5‐Aryl Barbituric Acids by Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Reactions of Arenes with Diazo Compounds
Authors: Best Daniel , Burns David J. , Lam Hon Wai 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA commercially available rhodium(II) complex catalyzes the direct arylation of 5‐diazobarbituric acids with arenes, allowing straightforward access to 5‐aryl barbituric acids. Free NH groups are tolerated on the barbituric acid, with no complications arising from NH insertion processes. This method was applied to the concise synthesis of a potent matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor.
Acceptor Reactivity in the Total Synthesis of Alginate Fragments Containing α‐L‐Guluronic Acid and β‐D‐Mannuronic Acid
Authors: Zhang Qingju , van Rijssel Erwin R. , Walvoort Marthe T. C. , Overkleeft Herman S. , van der Marel Gijsbert A. , Codée Jeroen D. C. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe total synthesis of mixed‐sequence alginate oligosaccharides, featuring both β‐D‐mannuronic acid (M) and α‐L‐guluronic acid (G), is reported for the first time. A set of GM, GMG, GMGM, GMGMG, GMGMGM, GMGMGMG, and GMGGMG alginates was assembled using GM building blocks, having a guluronic acid acceptor part and a mannuronic acid donor side to allow the fully stereoselective construction of the cis‐glycosidic linkages. It was found that the nature of the reducing‐end anomeric center, which is ten atoms away from the reacting alcohol group in the key disaccharide acceptor, had a tremendous effect on the efficiency with which the building blocks were united. This chiral center determines the overall shape of the acceptor and it is revealed that the conformational flexibility of the acceptor is an all‐important factor in determining the outcome of a glycosylation reaction.
Tuning Cerium(IV)‐Assisted Hydrolysis of Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes under Mildly Acidic and Neutral Conditions
Authors: Williams Dominique E. , Basnet Kanchan , Grant Kathryn B. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWith the goal of designing a lysosomal phospholipase mimic, we optimized experimental variables to enhance CeIV‐assisted hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) liposomes. Our best result was obtained with the chelating agent bis–tris propane (BTP). Similar to the hydrolytic enzyme, CeIV‐assisted hydrolysis of PC phosphate ester bonds was higher at lysosomal pH (∼4.8) compared to pH 7.2. In the presence of BTP, the average cleavage yield at ∼pH 4.8 and 37 °C was: 67±1 %, 5.7‐fold higher than at ∼pH 7.2 and roughly equivalent to the percent of phospholipid found on the metal‐accessible exo leaflet of small liposomes. No CeIV precipitation was observed. When BTP was absent, there was significant turbidity, and the amount of cleavage at ∼pH 4.8 (69±1 %) was 2.1‐fold higher than the yield obtained at ∼pH 7.2. Our results show that BTP generates homogenous solutions of CeIV that hydrolyze phosphatidylcholine with enhanced selectivity for lysosomal pH.
Helicene‐Grafted Silica Nanoparticles Capture Hetero‐Double‐Helix Intermediates during Self‐Assembly Gelation
Authors: Miyagawa Masamichi , Yamaguchi Masahiko 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA mixture of a pseudoenantiomeric ethynylhelicene (M)‐tetramer and a (P)‐pentamer forms a hetero‐double‐helix in a solution, which self‐assembles and gelates solvents. When gelation was conducted in the presence of chiral silica (P)‐nanoparticles grafted with (P)‐helicene, the resulting hetero‐double‐helix intermediate was adsorbed on the (P)‐nanoparticles, and was removed from the solution by aggregation and precipitation. The resulting precipitates contained only the hetero‐double‐helix, not random coil or clusters of the hetero‐double‐helix. (P)‐Nanoparticles did not extract the hetero‐double‐helix from the self‐assembly gels. The hetero‐double‐helix was then isolated by liberating it from the precipitates in 2‐bromopropionic acid, and was crystallized from the solution. The crystalline hetero‐double‐helices were isolated for several other combinations of pseudoenantiomeric ethynylhelicene oligomers.