bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in glucose fermentation pathways by an enriched bacterial culture in response to regulated dissolved H2 concentrations
Authors: Zheng Hang , Zeng Raymond J. , Duke Mikel C. , O'Sullivan Cathryn A. , Clarke William P. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIt is well established that metabolic pathways in the fermentation of organic waste are primarily controlled by dissolved H2 concentrations, but there is no reported study that compares observed and predicted shifts in fermentation pathways induced by manipulating the dissolved H2 concentration. A perfusion system is presented that was developed to control dissolved H2 concentrations in the continuous fermentation of glucose by a culture highly enriched towards Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum (86 ± 9% relative abundance) from an originally diverse consortia in the leachate of a laboratory digester fed with municipal solid waste. Media from a 2.5 L CSTR was drawn through sintered steel membrane filters to retain biomass, allowing vigorous sparging in a separate chamber without cellular disruption. Through a combination of sparging and variations in glucose feeding rate from 0.8 to 0.2 g/L/d, a range of steady state fermentations were performed with dissolved H2 concentrations as low as an equivalent equilibrated H2 partial pressure of 3 kPa. Trends in product formation rates were simulated using a H2 regulation partitioning model. The model correctly predicted the direction of products redistribution in response to H2 concentration changes and the acetate and butyrate formation rates when H2 concentrations were less than 6 kPa. However, the model over‐estimated acetate, ethanol and butanol productions at the expense of butyrate production at higher H2 concentrations. The H2 yield at the lowest dissolved H2 concentration was 2.67 ± 0.08 mol H2/mol glucose, over 300% higher than the yield achieved in a CSTR operated without sparging. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 1177–1186. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gestational ketogenic diet programs brain structure and susceptibility to depression & anxiety in the adult mouse offspring
Authors: Sussman Dafna , Germann Jurgen , Henkelman Mark 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIntroductionThe ketogenic diet (KD) has seen an increase in popularity for clinical and non‐clinical purposes, leading to rise in concern about the diet's impact on following generations. The KD is known to have a neurological effect, suggesting that exposure to it during prenatal brain development may alter neuro‐anatomy. Studies have also indicated that the KD has an anti‐depressant effect on the consumer. However, it is unclear whether any neuro‐anatomical and/or behavioral changes would occur in the offspring and persist into adulthood.MethodsTo fill this knowledge gap we assessed the brain morphology and behavior of 8‐week‐old young‐adult CD‐1 mice, who were exposed to the KD in utero, and were fed only a standard‐diet (SD) in postnatal life. Standardized neuro‐behavior tests included the Open‐Field, Forced‐Swim, and Exercise Wheel tests, and were followed by post‐mortem Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to assess brain anatomy.ResultsThe adult KD offspring exhibit reduced susceptibility to anxiety and depression, and elevated physical activity level when compared with controls exposed to the SD both in utero and postnatally. Many neuro‐anatomical differences exist between the KD offspring and controls, including, for example, a cerebellar volumetric enlargement by 4.8%, a hypothalamic reduction by 1.39%, and a corpus callosum reduction by 4.77%, as computed relative to total brain volume.ConclusionsThese results suggest that prenatal exposure to the KD programs the offspring neuro‐anatomy and influences their behavior in adulthood.
Sustainable Development in Supply Chain Management: The Role of Organizational Learning for Policy Implementation
Authors: Oelze Nelly , Hoejmose Stefan Ulstrup , Habisch Andre , Millington Andrew 
Published: December 2014

AbstractImplementing sustainable policies in supply chains is a significant challenge for businesses. Recent evidence has shown that failure to manage supply chains responsibly can have significant impacts on firms' reputation and financial performance. In this paper, we develop a conceptual framework, which focuses on organizational learning, and outline specific channels through which firms can generate learning processes and build appropriate capabilities to successfully implement social and environmental supply chain policies. Drawing on 57 in‐depth interviews from a cross‐sectional sample of seven UK and nine German companies, we empirically assess our conceptual framework in accordance with a grounded, in‐depth case study analysis approach. We find compelling evidence to suggest that organizational learning is an important factor for a successful implementation of sustainable supply chain management. Organizational learning is often established as a result of training, knowledge acquisition, stakeholder engagement and collaboration between intra‐organizational and inter‐organizational partners, including suppliers and NGOs. Nonetheless, our results also emphasize that firms often have few systematic processes through which organizational learning is developed, and that such learning processes are often ad hoc at best, which in turn has significant implications for the responsible supply chain practices. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Encapsulation of Heteropolyanion‐Based Ionic Liquid within the Metal–Organic Framework MIL‐100(Fe) for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Wan Hui , Chen Chong , Wu Zuowang , Que Yigen , Feng Yu , Wang Wei , Wang Lei , Guan Guofeng , Liu Xiaoqin 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe front cover artwork for Issue 3/2015 has been provided by a research group from the State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University. The image depicts a new strategy to construct a composite of an ionic liquid, a polyoxometalate, and a metal–organic framework. See the Full Paper itself at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201402800.
Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Methylaluminoxane‐Activated Metallocene Complexes
Authors: Trefz Tyler K. , Henderson Matthew A. , Linnolahti Mikko , Collins Scott , McIndoe J. Scott 
Published: December 2014

AbstractElectrospray‐ionization mass spectrometric studies of poly(methylaluminoxane) (MAO) in the presence of [Cp2ZrMe2], [Cp2ZrMe(Cl)], and [Cp2ZrCl2] in fluorobenzene (PhF) solution are reported. The results demonstrate that alkylation and ionization are separate events that occur at competitive rates in a polar solvent. Furthermore, there are significant differences in ion‐pair speciation that result from the use of metallocene dichloride complexes in comparison to alkylated precursors at otherwise identical Al/Zr ratios. Finally, the counter anions that form are dependent on the choice of precursor and Al/Zr ratio; halogenated aluminoxane anions [(MeAlO)x(Me3Al)y−z(Me2AlCl)zMe]− (z=1, 2, 3…︁) are observed using metal chloride complexes and under some conditions may predominate over their non‐halogenated precursors [(MeAlO)x(Me3Al)yMe]−. Specifically, this halogenation process appears selective for the anions that form in comparison to the neutral components of MAO. Only at very high Al/Zr ratios is the same “native” anion distribution observed when using [Cp2ZrCl2] when compared with [Cp2ZrMe2]. Together, the results suggest that the need for a large excess of MAO when using metallocene dichloride complexes is a reflection of competitive alkylation vs. ionization, the persistence of unreactive, homodinuclear ion pairs in the case of [Cp2ZrCl2], as well as a change in ion pairing resulting from modification of the anions formed at lower Al/Zr ratios. Models for neutral precursors and anions are examined computationally.
Synthesis of Pyrrolidine Derivatives by a Platinum/Brønsted Acid Relay Catalytic Cascade Reaction
Authors: Galván Alicia , Calleja Jonás , Fañanás Francisco J. , Rodríguez Félix 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA new catalytic reaction for the synthesis of pyrrolidine derivatives is presented. The method implies the coupling of N‐Boc‐protected alkynamine derivatives and appropriate alkenes or alkynes in a process catalysed by a platinum/triflic acid catalytic binary system. This reaction is believed to proceed through a cascade process implying an initial platinum‐catalysed cycloisomerization of the alkynamine derivative followed by a triflic acid promoted nucleophilic addition of the alkene or alkyne and trapping of the cationic species formed by the Boc group. Not only simple alkenes and alkynes were used in this reaction but also allyltrimethylsilane and propargyltrimethylsilane. Particularly, when allyltrimethylsilane is used as the alkene counterpart interesting bicyclic compounds containing a trimethylsilane group are obtained. However, when propargyltrimethylsilane is used in the presence of water we observed the formation of a related bicyclic compound lacking the trimethylsilane group and containing an exocyclic carboncarbon bond.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations and Alkoxycyclizations of ortho‐(Alkynyl)styrenes
Authors: Sanjuán Ana M. , Rashid Muhammad A. , García‐García Patricia , Martínez‐Cuezva Alberto , Fernández‐Rodríguez Manuel A. , Rodríguez Félix , Sanz Roberto 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIndenes and related polycyclic structures have been efficiently synthesized by gold(I)‐catalyzed cycloisomerizations of appropriate ortho‐(alkynyl)styrenes. Disubstitution at the terminal position of the olefin was demonstrated to be essential to obtain products originating from a formal 5‐endo‐dig cyclization. Interestingly, a complete switch in the selectivity of the cyclization of o‐(alkynyl)‐α‐methylstyrenes from 6‐endo to 5‐endo was observed by adding an alcohol to the reaction media. This allowed the synthesis of interesting indenes bearing an all‐carbon quaternary center at C1. Moreover, dihydrobenzo[a]fluorenes can be obtained from substrates bearing a secondary alkyl group at the β‐position of the styrene moiety by a tandem cycloisomerization/1,2‐hydride migration process. In addition, diverse polycyclic compounds were obtained by an intramolecular gold‐catalyzed alkoxycyclization of o‐(alkynyl)styrenes bearing a nucleophile in their structure. Finally, the use of a chiral gold complex allowed access to elusive chiral 1H‐indenes in good enantioselectivities.
BODIPY‐Based Fluorescent Thermometer as a Lysosome‐Targetable Probe: How the Oligo(ethylene glycols) Compete Photoinduced Electron Transfer
Authors: Wang Hua , Wu Yongquan , Shi Yanlin , Tao Pan , Fan Xing , Su Xinyan , Kuang Gui‐Chao 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA novel BODIPY‐based fluorescent thermometer, which shows a lysosome‐targeting property, was successfully prepared. Due to the electron‐donating ability of the oligo(ethylene glycols), the photoinduced electron‐transfer pathway from morpholine to BODIPY dye is blocked. The fluorescence of the thermometer quenched by intramolecular rotation at room temperature was progressively enhanced during heating due to the increased microviscosity around the fluorophore.
Mechanistic Aspects of the Gas‐Phase Reactions of Halobenzenes with Bare Lanthanide Cations: A Combined Experimental/Theoretical Investigation
Authors: Zhou Shaodong , Schlangen Maria , Schwarz Helmut 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe gas‐phase reactions of chlorobenzene with all atomic lanthanide cations Ln+ (except Pm+) have been investigated by using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry in conjunction with density functional theory calculations. According to the latter, a direct chlorine transfer to the lanthanide cation, which has been observed previously for fluorine abstraction from fluorobenzene, is not operative for the C6H5Cl/Ln+ couples; rather, chlorine transfer proceeds through an initial coordination of the lanthanide cation to the aromatic ring of the substrate. Both, the product distribution and the chlorine abstraction efficiencies are affected by the bond dissociation energy (BDE(Ln+Cl)) as well as the promotion energies of Ln+ to attain a 4fn 5d1 6s1 configuration. In addition, mechanistic aspects of some CH and CC bond activations are presented. Where appropriate, comparison with the previously studied C6H5F/Ln+ systems is made.
New Atropisomeric Amino Alcohol Ligands for Enantioselective Addition of Diethylzinc to Aldehydes
Authors: Faigl F. , Deák SZ. , Erdélyi ZS. , Holczbauer T. , Czugler M. , Nyerges M. , Mátravölgyi B. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractEfficient synthesis of several new atropisomeric amino alcohols having 1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrrole skeleton are reported. Steric arrangements of the products were confirmed by a single‐crystal X‐ray measurement. The consequences of the size of the N‐substituents on enantioinduction were examined by employing the enantioselective catalytic addition of diethylzinc to a series of substituted benzaldehydes (yields 91–97%, up to 85% enantiomeric excess). The special effect of the ortho methoxy group of the substrate on the enantioinduction is also interpreted. Chirality 27:216–222, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Detection of Xeljanz Enantiomers in Diethyl Amine Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Tablets
Authors: Wang Na‐Na , Zhang Dao‐Lin , Jiang Xin‐Hui 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established to detect Xeljanz enantiomers in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and tablets. The separation was achieved on a Chiralpak IC column using a mobile phase of hexane‐ethanol‐diethylamine (65:35:0.1, v/v). The detection wavelength was 289 nm. The peak areas and the enantiomer concentrations in the range of 0.15–2.25 μg•mL−1 were in high linearity, with correlation coefficients higher than 0.999. The recoveries were 86.44% at the concentrations of 7.5, 18.75, and 37.5 μg•mL−1. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.042 and 0.14 μg•mL−1, respectively. This HPLC method is suitable for detecting the enantiomers of Xeljanz in its APIs and tablets. Chirality 27:235–238, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Conditional survival in pediatric malignancies: Analysis of data from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program
Authors: Mertens Ann C. , Yong Jian , Dietz Andrew C. , Kreiter Erin , Yasui Yutaka , Bleyer Archie , Armstrong Gregory T. , Robison Leslie L. , Wasilewski‐Masker Karen 
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUNDLong‐term survivors of pediatric cancer are at risk of life‐threatening late effects of their cancer. Previous studies have shown excesses in long‐term mortality within high‐risk groups defined by demographic and treatment characteristics.METHODSTo investigate conditional survival in a pediatric cancer population, the authors performed an analysis of conditional survival in the original Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) cohort and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database registry. The overall probability of death for patients at 5 years and 10 years after they survived 5, 10, 15, and 20 years since cancer diagnosis and cause‐specific death in 10 years for 5‐year survivors were estimated using the cumulative incidence method.RESULTSAmong patients in the CCSS and SEER cohorts who were alive 5 years after their cancer diagnosis, within each diagnosis group at least 92% were alive in the subsequent 5 years, except for patients with leukemia, of whom only 88% of 5‐year survivors remained alive in the subsequent 5 years. The probability of all‐cause mortality in the next 10 years among patients who survived at least 5 years after diagnosis was 8.8% in CCSS and 10.6% in SEER, approximately 75% of which was due to neoplasms as the cause of death.CONCLUSIONSThe risk of death among survivors of pediatric cancer in 10 years can vary between diagnosis groups by at most 12%, even up to 20 years after diagnosis. This information is clinically significant when counseling patients regarding their conditional survival, particularly when survivors are seen in long‐term follow‐up. Cancer 2015;121:1108–1117. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Prevalence of somatic mutl homolog 1 promoter hypermethylation in Lynch syndrome colorectal cancer
Authors: Moreira Leticia , Muñoz Jenifer , Cuatrecasas Míriam , Quintanilla Isabel , Leoz Maria Liz , Carballal Sabela , Ocaña Teresa , López‐Cerón María , Pellise Maria , Castellví‐Bel Sergi , Jover Rodrigo , Andreu Montserrat , Carracedo Angel , Xicola Rosa Maria , Llor Xavier , Boland Clement Richard , Goel Ajay , Castells Antoni , Balaguer Francesc 
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUNDColorectal cancers (CRCs) that have microsatellite instability (MSI) and mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) immunoloss are observed in 3 clinical scenarios: Lynch syndrome (LS), sporadic MSI CRC, and Lynch‐like syndrome (LLS). v‐Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) mutational analysis is used to differentiate LS from sporadic MSI CRC. The role of MLH1 promoter methylation status for the differential diagnosis of these clinical forms is not well established. The objectives of this study were: 1) to analyze MLH1 promoter methylation in MLH1‐deficient CRCs by pyrosequencing, and 2) to assess its role in the differential diagnosis of MLH1‐deficient CRCs.METHODSIn total, 165 CRCs were analyzed, including LS (n = 19), MSI BRAF‐mutated CRC (n = 37), MSI BRAF wild‐type CRC (n = 60), and a control group of CRCs without MSI (microsatellite stable [MSS] CRC; n = 49). MLH1 promoter methylation status was analyzed by pyrosequencing, and the ability of different strategies to identify LS was assessed.RESULTSThe average ± standard deviation methylation in LS (9% ± 7%) was significantly lower than that in MSI BRAF‐mutated CRC (42% ± 17%; P < .001) and in MSI BRAF wild‐type CRC (25% ± 19%; P = .002). Somatic MLH1 hypermethylation was detected in 3 patients (15.8%) with LS, in 34 patients (91.9%) with MSI BRAF‐mutated CRC, and in 37 patients (61.7%) with MSI BRAF wild‐type tumors. Patients with MSI BRAF wild‐type, unmethylated tumors (ie, LLS) had a stronger family history of CRC than those who had tumors with MLH1 methylation (P < .05). The sensitivity for ruling out LS was 100% for BRAF analysis, 84.2% for MLH1 methylation analysis, and 84.2% for the combination of both analyses.CONCLUSIONSSomatic MLH1 promoter methylation occurs in up to 15% of LS CRCs. Somatic BRAF analysis is the most sensitive strategy for ruling out LS. Patients who have CRCs with loss of MLH1 protein expression and neither BRAF mutation nor MLH1 methylation resemble patients with LS. Cancer 2015;121:1395–1404. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Improving our understanding of the use of traditional complementary/alternative medicine in children with cancer
Authors: Ladas Elena J. , Lin Meiko , Antillion Federico , Rivas Silvia , Chantada Guillermo , Cacciavillano Walter , Ortiz Roberta , Stein Katja , Castillo Luis , Rocha Valeria , Fu Ligia , Rodriquez Hilze , Kelly Kara M. 
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUNDChildren with cancer in high‐income and low‐income countries often use traditional complementary/alternative medicine (TCAM). With efforts by the World Health Organization and international twinning programs improving access to conventional care for patients with childhood cancer, understanding the global use of TCAM is important because reliance on TCAM may affect time to presentation, adherence, and abandonment of care. In the current study, the authors describe the process and validation of an international survey documenting the use of TCAM among children with cancer.METHODSThe survey was designed to collect information on TCAM use and associated factors through both open‐ended and close‐ended questions. During the period between June 2012 and December 2013, the survey was administered to 300 children and adolescents (or their parents) who were undergoing treatment for cancer at a collaborating institution located in Mexico, Uruguay, and Nicaragua.RESULTSFor the majority of constructs, the survey demonstrated strong test‐retest reliability as evidenced by an intraclass correlation of at least ≥0.79 in each of the participating countries. The survey demonstrated good internal consistency and reliability across countries (α range from. 77 to. 85 for the belief scale; and an α range from. 60 to. 86 for the cause scale) and convergent validity between TCAM beliefs and behavior constructs (adjusted correlation range, 0.35‐0.60).CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study demonstrate the successful development of a cross‐cultural survey that produced results that were reliable and valid. These findings will aid investigators in providing guidelines concerning TCAM, support the development of education and research priorities, and identify variables associated with TCAM that are region‐specific. Cancer 2015;121:1492–1498. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Does phase 1 trial enrollment preclude quality end‐of‐life care? Phase 1 trial enrollment and end‐of‐life care characteristics in children with cancer
Authors: Levine Deena R. , Johnson Liza‐Marie , Mandrell Belinda N. , Yang Jie , West Nancy K. , Hinds Pamela S. , Baker Justin N. 
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUNDEnd‐of‐life care (EOLC) discussions and treatment‐related decisions, including phase 1 trial enrollment, in patients with incurable disease are complex and can influence the quality of EOLC received. The current study was conducted in pediatric oncology patients to determine whether end‐of‐life characteristics differed between those who were and were not enrolled in a phase 1 trial.METHODSThe authors reviewed the medical records of 380 pediatric oncology patients (aged <22 years at the time of death) who died during a 3.5‐year period. Of these, 103 patients with hematologic malignancies were excluded. A total of 277 patients with a diagnosis of a brain tumor or other solid tumor malignancy were divided into 2 groups based on phase 1 trial enrollment: a phase 1 cohort (PIC; 120 patients) and a non‐phase 1 cohort (NPIC; 157 patients). The EOLC characteristics of these 2 cohorts were compared using regression analysis and chi‐square testing.RESULTSA comparison of patients in the PIC and NPIC revealed no significant differences in either demographic characteristics (including sex, race, religious affiliation, referral origin, diagnosis, or age at diagnosis, with the exception of age at the time of death [P =.03]) or in EOLC indices (such as use or timing of do not attempt resuscitation orders, hospice use or length of stay, forgoing life‐sustaining therapies, location of death, time from first EOLC discussion to death, and total number of EOLC discussions).CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study of a large cohort of deceased pediatric cancer patients indicate that enrollment on a phase 1 trial does not affect EOLC characteristics, suggesting that quality EOLC can be delivered regardless of phase 1 trial participation. Cancer 2015;121:1508–1512. © 2014 American Cancer Society.