bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A highly effective PANI@(Ce-Er) dual doped ZnO (PCEZ) nanocomposite as UV-light driven photocatalyst for degradation of MB dye: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Dhanda Ekta , Nain Aditi , Dahiya Sanjay 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Utilizing ecologically friendly methods to address wastewater concerns is paramount. In this study, we developed novel PANI@(Ce-Er) dual-doped ZnO (PCEZ) nanocomposites using a wet impregnation approach assisted by ultrasound. These composites were thoroughly characterized using XRD, FESEM, EDX, UV-DRS, PL, and Impedance Analyzer techniques to assess their structural, optical, and electrical properties. Structural characterization was conducted to analyze the crystalline behavior and chemical composition of the synthesized samples. UV-DRS and PL spectroscopy were utilized to analyze their optical properties. Compared to PANI alone, the PCEZ heterojunction demonstrated enhanced photocatalytic stability and efficiency. Notably, in neutral media, the PCEZ heterojunction exhibited a significant photodegradation efficiency against methylene blue (MB), achieving approximately to 90.13% degradation. Morphology analysis of the synthesized samples and elemental composition was effectively performed using SEM images and EDX data. The UV-DRS investigation aimed to confirm the active contacts of dopant metals with polyaniline backbone chains and assess the energy band gap, which defines the absorption behavior of the photocatalyst. Kinetic studies of methylene blue degradation were characterized using the Pseudo First-Order relation, with the best adjusted R2 value of 0.9947 observed for 50% w/w (PANI@(Ce-Er)-ZnO). The produced PANI@(Ce-Er) dual-doped ZnO nanocomposites show promise as effective photocatalyst for the elimination of methylene blue in aqueous environments.
Floquet geometric entangling gates in ground-state manifolds of Rydberg atoms
Authors: Sun Hao-Wen , Wu Jin-Lei , Su Shi-Lei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We propose new applications of Floquet theory in Rydberg atoms for constructing quantum entangling gates in atomic ground-state manifolds. By dynamically periodically modulating the Rabi frequencies of transitions between ground and Rydberg states of atoms, error-resilient two-qubit entangling gates can be implemented in the regime of Rydberg blockade. According to different degrees of Floquet theory utilization, the fidelity of the resulting controlled gates surpasses that of the original reference, and it exhibits high robustness against Rabi error in two qubits and detuning error in the control qubit. Our method only uses encoding in the ground states, and compared to the original scheme using Rydberg state for encoding, it is less susceptible to environmental interference, making it more practical to implement. Therefore, our approach may have broader applications or potential for further expansion of geometric quantum computation with neutral atoms.
Soft pattern of gravitational Rutherford scattering from heavy target mass expansion
Authors: Jia Yu , Pan Jichen , Zhang Jia-Yue 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We investigate the soft behavior of the tree-level Rutherford scattering processes mediated via $t$-channel one-graviton exchange. We consider two types of Rutherford scattering processes, {\it e.g.}, a low-energy massless structureless projectile (up to spin-$1$) hits a static massive composite particle carrying various spins (up to spin-$2$), and a slowly-moving light projectile hits a heavy static composite target. The unpolarized cross sections in the first type are found to exhibit universal forms at the first two orders in $1/M$ expansion, yet differ at the next-to-next-to-leading order, though some terms at this order still remain universal or depend on the target spin in a definite manner. The unpolarized cross sections in the second type are universal at the lowest order in projectile velocity expansion and through all orders in $1/M$, independent of the spins of both projectile and target. The universality partially breaks down at relative order-$v^2/M^2$, albeit some terms at this order still depend on the target spin in a specific manner.Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Article funded by SCOAP3 and published under licence by Chinese Physical Society and the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science and the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and IOP Publishing Ltd.
Inferring the spin distribution of binary black holes using deep learning
Authors: Tang 唐 Li 丽 , Fan 范 Xi-Long 锡龙 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The spin characteristics of black holes offer valuable insights into the evolutionary pathways of their progenitor stars. This is crucial for understanding the broader population properties of black holes. Traditional hierarchical Bayesian inference techniques employed to discern these properties often demand substantial time, and consensus regarding the spin distribution of binary black hole (BBH) systems remains elusive. In this study, leveraging observations from GWTC-3, we adopted a machine learning approach to infer the spin distribution of black holes within BBH systems. Specifically, we developed a deep neural network (DNN) and trained it using data generated from a Beta distribution. Our training strategy, involving the segregation of data into 10 bins, not only expedites model training but also enhances the versatility and adaptability of the DNN to accommodate the growing volume of gravitational wave observations. Utilizing Monte Carlo-bootstrap (MC-bootstrap) to generate observation-simulated samples, we derived spin distribution parameters:

for the larger BH sample and

for the smaller BH sample. Within our constraints, the distributions of component spin magnitudes suggest the likelihood of both black holes in the BBH merger possessing non-zero spin.
Photometric Studies of EV Cnc and AH Cnc in the Open Cluster M67
Authors: G. Mamatha Rani , Sriram K. , Lahiri Deblina , A. Vijaya, 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Contact binaries at various stages of evolution unveil various operating mechanisms that drive them. We report the photometric and period variation analysis of two contact binaries EV Cnc and AH Cnc in open cluster M67. We observed the cluster from the JCBT 1.3 m telescope and utilized TESS and Kepler observations. The photometric solutions of EV Cnc and AH Cnc revealed a mass ratio of q ∼ 0.41 and ∼0.15 with an inclination of i = 42° and 87° respectively. These solutions suggest that EV Cnc is probably a semi-detached and AH Cnc is a deep low-mass ratio contact binary. The study of O − C variation analysis indicates that for both systems, the period is increasing which suggests the mass transfer is occurring from secondary to primary. In the case of AH Cnc and based on simulations by randomly varying the time of minima to fit the LITE solution, we noted the third body orbital period to be around P
3 = 26.82 ± 2.54 yr, which is different from earlier reported values and conclude that future observations are required to confirm this scenario. We compare these two systems with other similar contact binaries to get an estimate of the final configuration of the respective systems.
Understanding the Activity Performance of Comets 38P/Stephan-Oterma, 64P/Swift-Gehrels and C/2017 M4 (ATLAS) through Broadband Photometric Observations
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Liu Jin-Zhong , Wang Le-Tian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this work, we report observations of three comets: 38P/Stephan-Oterma, 64P/Swift-Gehrels, and C/2017 M4 (ATLAS), conducted with the Nanshan one-meter wide-field telescope in 2018 August and November, and 2019 January. We extracted morphological features through image enhancement techniques and calculated the dust activity parameter, Afρ, along with dust mass loss rates and coma color indices using broadband photometric data. Our morphological analysis uncovered a spectrum of dust characteristics among the observed comets, ranging from a significant twisted structure in comet 38P/Stephan-Oterma’s coma to the regular coma envelope surrounding comet 64P/Swift-Gehrels. The Af
ρ values varied between 148.8 ± 0.3 cm for 64P/Swift-Gehrels and 1118.5 ± 6.2 cm for C/2017 M4 (ATLAS) (measured within a reference aperture radius of ρ = 6″), indicating a range from moderate to high activity levels. Dust mass loss rates were estimated from 328.1 kg s−1 for comet 64P/Swift-Gehrels to 1395.5 kg s−1 for comet C/2017 M4 (ATLAS). The color indices of comets 38P/Stephan-Oterma and C/2017 M4 (ATLAS) closely resemble the average colors of active short-period comets and active long-period comets, respectively. In contrast, 64P/Swift-Gehrels exhibits a significantly bluer hue than typical Jupiter family comets.
Defects evolution in n-type 4H-SiC induced by electron irradiation and annealing
Authors: Xiong Huifan , Lu Xuesong , Gao Xu , Yan Yuchao , Liu Shuai , Song Lihui , Yang Deren , Pi Xiaodong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Radiation damage produced in 4H-SiC by electrons of different doses is presented by using multiple characterization techniques. Raman spectra results indicate that SiC crystal structures are essentially impervious to 10 MeV electron irradiation with doses up to 3000 kGy. However, irradiation indeed leads to the generation of various defects, which are evaluated through photoluminescence (PL) and deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). The PL spectra feature a prominent broad band centered at 500 nm, accompanied by several smaller peaks ranging from 660 to 808 nm. The intensity of each PL peak demonstrates a linear correlation with the irradiation dose, indicating a proportional increase in defect concentration during irradiation. The DLTS spectra reveal several thermally unstable and stable defects that exhibit similarities at low irradiation doses. Notably, after irradiating at the higher dose of 1000 kGy, a new stable defect labeled as R
2 (Ec − 0.51 eV) appeared after annealing at 800 K. Furthermore, the impact of irradiation-induced defects on SiC junction barrier Schottky diodes is discussed. It is observed that high-dose electron irradiation converts SiC n-epilayers to semi-insulating layers. However, subjecting the samples to a temperature of only 800 K results in a significant reduction in resistance due to the annealing out of unstable defects.
Reconfigurable and polarization-dependent optical filtering for transflective full-color generation utilizing low-loss phase-change materials
Authors: Deng Shuo , Cui Mengxi , Jiang Jingru , Wang Chuang , Cheng Zengguang , Sun Huajun , Xu Ming , Tong Hao , He Qiang , Miao Xiangshui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
All-dielectric metasurface, which features low optical absorptance and high resolution, is becoming a promising candidate for full-color generation. However, the optical response of current metamaterials is fixed and lacks active tuning. In this work, we demonstrate a reconfigurable and polarization-dependent active color generation technique by incorporating low-loss phase change materials (PCMs) and CaF2 all-dielectric substrate. Based on the strong Mie resonance effect and low optical absorption structure, a transflective, full-color with high color purity and gamut value is achieved. The spectrum can be dynamically manipulated by changing either the polarization of incident light or the PCM state. High transmittance and reflectance can be simultaneously achieved by using low-loss PCMs and substrate. The novel active metasurfaces can bring new inspiration in the areas of optical encryption, anti-counterfeiting, and display technologies.
Dual-phase coexistence enables to alleviate resistance drift in phase-change films
Authors: Wu Tong , Chen Chen , Zhu Jinyi , Wang Guoxiang , Dai Shixun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The amorphous phase-change materials with spontaneous structural relaxation leads to the resistance drift with the time for phase-change neuron synaptic devices. Here, we modify the phase change properties of the conventional Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) material by introducing an SnS phase. It is found that the resistance drift coefficient of SnS-doped GST was decreased from 0.06 to 0.01. It can be proposed that the origin originates from the precipitation of GST nanocrystals accompanied by the precipitation of SnS crystals compared to single-phase GST compound systems. We also found that the decrease in resistance drift can be attributed to the narrowed bandgap from 0.65 to 0.43 eV after SnS-doping. Thus, this study reveals the quantitative relationship between the resistance drift and the band gap and proposes a new idea for alleviating the resistance drift by composition optimization, which is of great significance for finding a promising phase change material.
Helium plasma operations on ASDEX Upgrade and JET in support of the non-nuclear phases of ITER
Authors: Hakola A. , Balden M. , Baruzzo M. , Bisson R. , Brezinsek S. , Dittmar T. , Douai D. , Dunne M. , Garzotti L. , Groth M. , Henriques R. , Horvath L. , Jepu I. , Joffrin E. , Kappatou A. , Keeling D. , Krieger K. , Labit B. , Lennholm M. , Likonen J. , Loarte A. , Lomas P. , Lowry C. , Maslov M. , Matveev D. , Pitts R.A. , Plank U. , Rasinski M. , Ryan D. , Saarelma S. , Silburn S. , Solano E.R. , Suttrop W. , Tala T. , Tsitrone E. , Vianello N. , Wauters T. , Widdowson A. , Wischmeier M. , Exploitation Team the EUROfusion Tokamak , Team the ASDEX Upgrade ,   JET Contributors
Published: July 2024

AbstractFor its initial operational phase, ITER has until recently considered using non-nuclear hydrogen (H) or helium (He) plasmas to keep nuclear activation at low levels. To this end, the Tokamak Exploitation Task Force of the EUROfusion Consortium carried out dedicated experimental campaigns in He on the ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) and JET tokamaks in 2022, with particular emphasis put on the ELMy H-mode operation and plasma-wall interaction processes as well as comparison to H or deuterium (D) plasmas. Both in pure He and mixed He + H plasmas, H-mode operation could be reached but more effort was needed to obtain a stable plasma scenario than in H or D. Even if the power threshold for the LH transition was lower in He, entering the type-I ELMy regime appeared to require equally much or even more heating power than in H. Suppression of ELMs by resonant magnetic perturbations was studied on AUG but was only possible in plasmas with a He content below 19%; the reason for this unexpected behaviour remains still unclear and various theoretical approaches are being pursued to properly understand the physics behind ELM suppression. The erosion rates of tungsten (W) plasma-facing components were an order of magnitude larger than what has been reported in hydrogenic plasmas, which can be attributed to the prominent role of He2+ions in the plasma. For the first time, the formation of nanoscale structures (W fuzz) was unambiguously demonstrated in H-mode He plasmas on AUG. However, no direct evidence of fuzz creation on JET was obtained despite the main conditions for its occurrence being met. The reason could be a delicate balance between W erosion by ELMs, competition between the growth and annealing of the fuzz, and coverage of the surface with co-deposits.
Numerical simulation of anti-icing cavity performance for an engine inlet lip
Authors: Guan Ning , Li Yiyan , Xu Ning , Xu Zhitai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the hot air of the engine lip is the research object, and the three-dimensional model is established. Through the calculation and quantitative analysis of the effect of ice protection at different gas diversion speeds and gas diversion temperatures, the influence of the above parameters on the effectiveness of ice protection is obtained. It shows that the air velocity is from 10 m/s to 40 m/s, and the lowest temperature of the ice surface rises from 266.4 K to 286.2 K. When the air temperature increases from 100°C to 130°C, the lowest temperature of the ice surface rises from 286.2 K to 307.1 K. Therefore, when the air introduction speed is not less than 15 m/s and the flow temperature is not lower than 380 K, the effective anti-ice of the short chamber lip can be realized.
Analysis of fluid-structure coupling during the flapping of dragonfly hind wings under different flexible distributions
Authors: Yu Feng , Ye Xiaomei , He Guoyi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To investigate the influence of flexible distribution on the aerodynamic characteristics of a dragonfly hind wing during flapping flight, this study establishes a simplified plate model of the dragonfly hind wing based on the actual size, while neglecting the wrinkled microstructure. Six different flexible distribution patterns are proposed for the model. The overlapping grid technique is employed to achieve fluid-structure coupling calculations during the flapping motion of the dragonfly hind wing, by customizing the Young’s modulus in the solid region to represent different levels of flexibility. The results show that gradually increasing the flexibility along the chordwise direction of the dragonfly wing can induce a stronger leading-edge vortex during flapping, intensifying the accumulation of vorticity near the wingtip and resulting in a higher peak lift coefficient. The flexible wing has a positive impact on the formation and development of the trailing-edge vortex, leading to an increase in the thrust coefficient peak and time-averaged thrust coefficient of the dragonfly hind wing. Consequently, all aspects of the aerodynamic characteristics are significantly improved.
Simulation study on the impact of heat source intensity on the inhaled air quality of an innovative personalized air supply method
Authors: Ma Zewei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To improve the local microenvironment of the human body in industrial buildings with strong heat sources, this paper proposes a new personalized air supply method based on the attachment effect. The numerical simulation method is used to study the influence of heat source intensity on the inhaled air quality in this paper. Studies have shown that when the air supply speed is less than or equal to 0.5 m/s, the fresh air ratio decreases as the Gr number of the heat source increases. When the air supply speed is greater than or equal to 0.7 m/s, the fresh air ratio increases as the Gr number of the heat source increases.
Dynamic simulation of a simply supported beam subjected by multiple constant moving forces
Authors: Zhang Jun , Liang Chuan , Zhu Pengcheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Dynamic simulation models, which are conducted with Simulink, are introduced to study behaviors of a simply supported beam under constant moving forces based on the vibration mechanics model established by Bernoulli-Euler beam theory. By utilizing the orthogonality of vibration, a set of decoupled forced vibration equations can be obtained, which can be constructed as a subsystem of the Simulink model. The generalized loads in each decoupled vibration equation are also separately formed into submodules to facilitate the extension of the action of a single moving load to multiple moving loads. Every partial and general simulation model in Matlab/Simulink are made and the simulation results indicate that dynamic responses are related to the distance between moving loads and beam span.
Model establishment and flow field simulation analysis of high torque screw motor in ultra-deep well
Authors: Yang Chengsong , Lin Tiejun , Zeng Xin , Zhu Zelin , Shen Ruiqi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To explore the distribution law of the flow field in the inner annular flow channel of the stator-rotor of the high-torque screw drill tool and determine the key performance parameters of the tool under different drilling fluid densities and flow rates, a physical model for fluid simulation was established with the 7/8 head screw motor as the research object to study the distribution law of the flow field and the output torque of the rotor at different flow rates and densities, and a comparative analysis was made with the actual test. The results show that the pressure of the internal flow channel is mainly concentrated at the entrance of the flow channel and the wall of the flow channel. The flow rate in the thick fluid domain is high, the flow rate in the thin fluid domain is low, and the flow rate in the thinnest area is about zero. The relationship between displacement pressure drop and output torque presents a positive correlation. When displacement increases, the output torque of the screw increases, and the relationship between displacement and torque presents a linear increase. The torque and displacement of fluid simulation under ideal conditions are larger than the actual test parameters. In the actual test, the drilling fluid temperature and experimental equipment factors affect the performance of the screw motor. In the process of fluid simulation, the setting of boundary conditions should refer to the real situation as much as possible to improve the accuracy of simulation results. The difference between fluid simulation and actual test parameter values is small and the trend is the same, so fluid simulation can guide practical application and reduce cost to a certain extent.
Strength analysis and structural improvement of the connection between rear shock absorber support and frame of a city bus based on Hypermesh
Authors: Li Xiaoying , Zhuang Shouji 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In response to the phenomenon of cracking at the rivet holes of the plate connecting the rear shock absorber to the frame of the 6-meter leaf spring of the passenger bus, this article takes the rear shock absorber support and the frame as the research object. Firstly, CATIA software is used to model the object, and Hypermesh is used to divide the mesh to establish a fine element model. The Optistruct finite element solver is used to analyze the strength of the model, and the analysis results are imported into Hyperview 2019 for post-processing to analyze stress distribution and stress concentration. The simulation analysis results show that when a force of 6, 721 N is applied to the rear shock absorber support, the maximum stress value occurs at the rivet holes of the plate connecting the support to the frame, and the maximum equivalent stress value at this point is greater than the yield limit of the frame material, which is consistent with the crack location that occurs during actual vehicle operation. After adopting the strengthening scheme, the stress distribution of the frame is more uniform, greatly reducing stress concentration. The maximum stress value appears on the inner side of the right frame, and the maximum equivalent stress is less than the yield limit of the frame material, avoiding the crack phenomenon. The results indicate that this scheme can not only meet the performance requirements but also provide a reference for structural improvement and optimization design of the connection between the rear shock support and the frame.
Order reduction of special valve models based on pod method
Authors: Zuo Lu , Bai Keqiang , Zhu Yalan , Jiang Hesong , Gong Xuantao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The opening size of the disc-type special regulating valve (referred to as the special valve) can be used to regulate the fluid pressure and flow inside the cabin, and is an important equipment in the intake system of the high-altitude simulation test bench (referred to as the high-altitude bench). Due to the high dimensionality and complex solution of the special valve model, the calculation time is relatively long. In this paper, the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) model reduction method is applied to the mathematical model of the special valve, and the POD basis matrix is constructed through snapshots, thus obtaining a low-dimensional model and improving computational efficiency. The research results indicate that, while ensuring sufficient accuracy, this method can reduce the dimensionality of the special valve model, improve the computational speed of the simulator in calculating this case, and verify the effectiveness of the POD method.