bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
99mTc(I)‐Labeled His‐Tagged Proteins: Impact in the Development of Novel Imaging Probes and in Drug Discovery
Authors: Martins Sofia A. , Correia João D. G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTechnetium‐99 m (99mTc) remains the cornerstone of nuclear medicine for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) due to its widespread availability and chemical and physical features. Its multiple oxidation states allow for the design and production of radiopharmaceuticals with versatile properties, namely in terms of pharmacokinetic profile. 99mTc(V) is the most common oxidation state, but 99mTc(I) gained traction after the pioneering work of Alberto and colleagues, which resulted in the introduction of the organometallic core fac‐[99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+. This core is readily available from [99mTcO4]− and displays three labile water molecules that can be easily swapped for ligands with different denticity and/or donor atoms in aqueous environment. This makes it possible to radiolabel small molecules as well as high molecular weight molecules, such as antibodies or other proteins, while assuring biological activity. Direct radiolabelling of those proteins with fac‐[99mTc(CO)3]+ under mild conditions is accomplished through incorporation of a polyhistidine tag (His‐tag), a commonly used tag for purification of recombinant proteins. This review aims to address the direct radiolabelling of His‐tagged macromolecules with fac‐[99mTc(CO)3]+ for development of molecular imaging agents and the impact of this technology in the discovery and development of imaging and/or therapeutic agents towards clinical application.
Enzyme Fueled Dissipative Self‐assembly of Guanine Functionalized Molecules and Their Cellular Behaviour
Authors: Bhowmik Sourav , Rit Tanmay , Sanghvi Yogesh S. , Das Apurba K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGenerally, an esterase lipase enzyme can hydrolyze specific substrates called esters in an aqueous solution. Herein, we investigate how a G‐quadruplex self‐assembly affects the hydrolysis equilibrium in reverse. The biocatalyst, lipase, activates the individual building‐blocks through fuel consumption, causing them to undergo a higher degree of self‐organization into nanofibers within spheres. We have synthesized five peptide‐lipid‐conjugated guanine base functionalized molecules to explore how the equilibrium can be shifted through reverse hydrolysis. Among these, NAC5 self‐assembled into a G‐quadruplex structure which has been confirmed by various spectroscopic techniques. The wide‐angle powder XRD, ThT dye binding assay and circular dichroism study is carried out to support the presence of the G‐quadruplex structure. The biocatalytic formation of nanofibers enclosed spheres is analyzed using CLSM, FE‐SEM and HR‐TEM experiments. Additionally, we assess the biocompatibility of the enzyme fueled dissipative self‐assembled fibers enclosed spheres, as they have potential applications as a biomaterial in protocells. MTT assay is performed to check the cytotoxicity of G‐quadruplex hydrogel, using HEK 293 and McCoy cell lines for viability assessment. Finally, the utility of the novel NAC5 hydrogel as a wound repairing biomaterial is demonstrated by cell migration experiment in a scratch assay.
Assessing sociodemographic and regional disparities in Oncotype DX Genomic Prostate Score uptake
Authors: Mukand Nita H. , Chirikova Ekaterina , Lichtensztajn Daphne , Negoita Serban , Aboushwareb Tamer , Bennett John , Brooks James D. , Leppert John T. , Chung Benjamin I. , Li Christopher , Schwartz Stephen M. , Gershman Susan T. , Insaf Tabassum , Morawski Bozena M. , Stroup Antionette , Wu Xiao‐Cheng , Doherty Jennifer A. , Petkov Valentina I. , Zambon Joao Paulo , Gomez Scarlett Lin , Cheng Iona 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Oncotype DX Genomic Prostate Score (ODX‐GPS) is a gene expression assay that predicts disease aggressiveness. The objective of this study was to identify sociodemographic and regional factors associated with ODX‐GPS uptake.MethodsData from Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results registries on men with localized prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 3 + 3 or 3 + 4, PSA ≤20 ng/mL, and stage T1c to T2c disease from 2013 through 2017 were linked with ODX‐GPS data. Census‐tract level neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) quintiles were constructed using a composite socioeconomic score. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the associations of ODX‐GPS uptake with age at diagnosis, race and ethnicity, nSES, geographic region, insurance type, and marital status, accounting for National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk group, year of diagnosis, and clustering by census tract.ResultsAmong 111,434 eligible men, 5.5% had ODX‐GPS test uptake. Of these, 78.3% were non‐Hispanic White, 9.6% were Black, 6.7% were Hispanic, and 3.6% were Asian American. Black men had the lowest odds of ODX‐GPS uptake (odds ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63–0.76). Those in the highest versus lowest quintile of nSES were 1.64 times more likely (95% CI, 1.38–2.94) to have ODX‐GPS uptake. The odds of ODX‐GPS uptake were statistically significantly higher among men residing in the Northeast, West, and Midwest compared to the South.ConclusionsDisparities in ODX‐GPS uptake by race, ethnicity, nSES, and geographical region were identified. Concerted efforts should be made to ensure that this clinical test is equitably available.
A guide to large data sets for population‐based cancer research: Strengths, limitations, and pitfalls
Authors: Martin Allison N. , Chan Norine W. , Cheung Dillon C. , Fong Zhi Ven 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the proliferation of cancer research based on large databases, misalignment of research questions and data set capabilities is inevitable. Nationally maintained databases are appealing to cancer researchers because of the ease of access to large amounts of patient data available for analysis and risk estimation. Data sets that are commonly used in cancer research include the National Cancer Database, the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) program of the National Cancer Institute, the SEER–Medicare database, the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, and the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project databases, among others. Each data set has pros and cons with respect to variable availability and the ability to analyze cancer‐specific outcomes. It is critical for researchers to understand the strengths and limitations of each database. Changing variable definitions, the length of postoperative data collection, and the availability of patient‐reported outcomes or social determinants of health data are examples of factors that researchers must consider when selecting a data set for research purposes. For the current review, the authors summarized the advantages and disadvantages of various national data sets for cohort studies in cancer populations.
RNA extended interventional nucleic acid longitudinal study: Clinical performance of Aptima messenger RNA HPV testing in cervical cancer screening with a 9‐year follow‐up
Authors: Granados Rosario , Duarte Joanny A. , Luján David R. , Gutierrez‐Pecharromán Ana M. , Solís Isabel , Molpeceres Lourdes , Bajo Paloma , Palencia Elsa , Martín Nuria 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is a need for additional longitudinal studies with the Aptima messenger RNA human papillomavirus test (AHPV) to support the safety of extended screening intervals. RNA‐based extended interventional nucleic acid (REINA) provides relevant information on the clinical performance of AHPV.MethodsThis is a longitudinal prospective analysis of 1538 participants after AHPV and liquid‐based cytology (LBC) co‐test complemented with REINA interventional protocol with a second co‐test 4 years after negative screening on 2000 women. Diagnostic accuracy and cumulative risks for CIN2+ up to 9 years were calculated for all test combinations.ResultsSensitivity and specificity for CIN2+ were 96.9% and 88.0% for AHPV and 72.3% and 92.0% for LBC. Negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) of AHPV were 99.9% and 23.6%. The 5‐ and 9‐year risks of AHPV‐negative women were 0.4% and 1.0% (CIN2+) and 0.3% and 0.7% (CIN3+), a 73% and 64% lower risk than with negative LBC (p ≤ .002). REINA participants with an AHPV‐positive result at second co‐test after a negative AHPV in first round had a significantly lower 5‐year risk of CIN2+ (11.1%) than AHPV‐positive women with unknown HPV history (29.5%).ConclusionsCurrently, this constitutes the longest European longitudinal study with AHPV testing in screening population. It reveals 99.9% NPV and a significant protective effect of a previous negative test 5 years after a new HPV infection. These findings support the safety of Aptima for screening intervals beyond 5 years. The risk of disease is lower 9 years after a negative AHPV test than 3 years after a negative LBC. High specificity and PPV of Aptima may benefit controlling overtreatment and colposcopy referrals.
Prognostic impact of shift to low visceral fat mass after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Onishi Sachiyo , Tajika Masahiro , Tanaka Tsutomu , Yamada Keisaku , Inaba Yoshitaka , Abe Tetsuya , Muro Kei , Shimizu Masahito , Niwa Yasumasa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundBased on the JCOG1109 trial, it is suggested that the combination of docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5‐fluorouracil (DCF) could potentially become a standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen, alongside the conventional 5‐fluorouracil and cisplatin (CF) therapy, for esophageal cancer. However, there are few reports on the impact of body composition changes associated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy on prognosis.AimOur study aimed to explore the effect of different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens on body composition during treatment and the impacts of body composition changes on their prognosis.Methods and resultsThis is a retrospective study of 215 patients with advanced thoracic esophageal cancer who had surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy from 2013 to 2019. Computed tomography scans were performed before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy to assess body composition. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated by dividing total skeletal muscle mass at the 3rd lumbar level by the square of height, while visceral and subcutaneous fat masses were measured at the level of umbilicus. Patients in the lowest 25% of both sexes were classified into the low visceral fat and low subcutaneous fat groups, respectively. Of the patients enrolled, 178 were male and 37 were female. Among them, 91 had clinical Stage II disease, and 124 had clinical Stage III disease. Additionally, 146 patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy CF, and 69 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy DCF. Comparing the DCF and CF groups, the DCF group consisted of significantly younger patients (p < .01), a higher proportion of males (p = .03), and a greater number of clinical Stage III cases (p < .01). However, although percent change in SMI and visceral fat mass was not significantly different between two regimens, percent change in subcutaneous fat mass was significant in the DCF group. The major prognostic factors for patients undergoing surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for thoracic esophageal cancer were clinical Stage III, transition to low visceral fat, and response rating (SD/PD), while the specific neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen did not significantly influence the outcomes.ConclusionThis study suggests that prevention of the shift to low visceral fat throughout the neoadjuvant chemotherapy process should improve patient outcomes.
Efficacy and Safety of 125I Seed Implantation in the Treatment of Pelvic Recurrent Cervical Cancer Following Radiotherapy: A Single‐Arm Meta‐Analysis of Chinese Patients
Authors: Wang Yunxin , Ma Yuhong , Zou Lijuan , Lei Hongwei , Teng Yun , Ye Fuxiu , Zhang Feng , Zhang Haichen 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of 125I seed implantation in the treatment of pelvic recurrent cervical cancer following radiotherapy. This meta‐analysis was registered in PROSPERO. We looked up relevant studies in the databases of CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The endpoint measures include the objective response rate, disease control rate, progression‐free survival, overall survival, and adverse events.Recent FidingsThe meta‐analysis included six studies and a total of 246 patients. The pooled ORR of tumor response was 63%, and the DCR was 87%. The median PFS was 9.09 months, and the median OS was 13.46 months. The incidence of adverse events of Grade ≥III was 6%.ConclusionIn conclusion, this meta‐analysis confirmed that 125I seed implantation has a good local control rate and high safety in the treatment of pelvic recurrent cervical cancer following radiotherapy, and can be used as a remedial treatment for pelvic recurrent cervical cancer following radiotherapy to prolong the survival time of patients.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO: CRD42023423857
Factors Influencing Adherence to Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy After Breast Cancer Surgery
Authors: Johnsson Aina , von Wachenfeldt Anna 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundWomen with newly diagnosed hormone receptor‐positive breast cancer are offered adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET). Despite the survival benefits of the therapy, a significant proportion of breast cancer patients do not adhere to the anti‐hormonal medication.AimsThe purpose of this study was to analyse demographic, social, psychological and treatment‐related factors influencing whether women diagnosed with early‐stage breast cancer were adherent to offered therapy.Materials and MethodsThis was a long‐term retrospective, medical record study, supplemented with a questionnaire, including 81 women. Data from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register were used to examine adherence. The women were followed for 5 years of offered AET.ResultsOut of 81 women, 67 (83%) were adherent (hade taken out 80% or more of the recommended dose), 10 (12%) were Partially Adherent and 4 (5%) never accepted AET. At baseline, the Never‐Adherent group members were younger, more often considered themselves healthy and seemed much more satisfied with their lives. Baseline factors that positively affected adherence were satisfaction with the vocational situation (p = 0.023) and satisfaction with family life (p = 0.040). Cumulative musculoskeletal side effects were more frequently reported among women in the Adherent group than Partially Adherent women, after both 12 and 60 months (p = 0.018 and p = 0.011, respectively). There was also a significant difference in reported cumulative psychological side effects (p = 0.049) in disfavour of the Adherent group. Moreover, according to the questionnaire where the women retrospectively were asked which side effects, they experienced during the treatment period; sexual desire was significantly lower in the Adherent group (p = 0.0402) than in the Partially Adherent group.ConclusionIt is important to consider a woman's life situation, to support those who otherwise would not be able to complete AET and to help all women relieve side effects during AET. It should be investigated why some women did not start the recommended therapy.
Supermolecule‐Opitimized Defect Engineering of Rich Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Carbons for Advanced Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors
Authors: Zhang Juan , Qin Fangfang , Zuo Pingping , Shen Wenzhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPitch‐based porous carbons with adjustable surface chemical property and controllable pore structure are regarded as promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc‐ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs), while its disordered carbon matrix and microstructure as well as insufficient surface defects often result in low Zn2+‐storage capacity and poor rate capability of ZIHCs. Herein, a synergetic strategy of self‐assembled supermolecule and enriched defective carbon engineering was developed to achieve ultrahigh edge‐nitrogen doping for ZIHCs. The crystallite defects and surface structure of porous carbon could be effectively achieved through grafting electronegative oxygen‐containing small molecules and high‐level nitrogen‐containing functional groups between modified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and supermolecule framework. The optimized three‐dimensional carbon structure delivered high capacity of 218 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1, fast charge/discharge capability, enhanced energy density (165.4 Wh kg−1) and superior cycling stability (95 % retention after 10000 cycles as cathode of ZIHCs). This provided new insight into the controllable synthesis of carbon cathodes for ZIHCs and expects to prepare functional porous carbon by supermolecules and special precursors.
Anthropometric measures and long‐term mortality in non‐ischaemic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: Questioning the obesity paradox
Authors: Butt Jawad H. , Thune Jens Jakob , Nielsen Jens C. , Haarbo Jens , Videbæk Lars , Gustafsson Finn , Kristensen Søren L. , Bruun Niels E. , Eiskjær Hans , Brandes Axel , Hassager Christian , Svendsen Jesper H. , Høfsten Dan E. , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Schou Morten , Pehrson Steen , Packer Milton , McMurray John J.V. , Køber Lars 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsAlthough body mass index (BMI) is the most commonly used anthropometric measure to assess adiposity, alternative indices such as the waist‐to‐height ratio may better reflect the location and amount of ectopic fat as well as the weight of the skeleton.Methods and resultsThe prognostic value of several alternative anthropometric measures was compared with that of BMI in 1116 patients with non‐ischaemic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) enrolled in DANISH. The association between anthropometric measures and all‐cause death was adjusted for prognostic variables, including natriuretic peptides. Median follow‐up was 9.5 years (25th–75th percentile, 7.9–10.9). Compared to patients with a BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 (n = 363), those with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 had a higher risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular death, although this association was only statistically significant for a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 (n = 91) (all‐cause death: hazard ratio [HR] 1.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28–2.48; cardiovascular death: HR 2.46, 95% CI 1.69–3.58). Compared to a BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, a BMI <18.5 kg/m2 (n = 24) was associated with a numerically, but not a significantly, higher risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular death. Greater waist‐to‐height ratio (as an exemplar of indices not incorporating weight) was also associated with a higher risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular death (HR for the highest vs. the lowest quintile: all‐cause death: HR 2.11, 95% CI 1.53–2.92; cardiovascular death: HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.49–3.15).ConclusionIn patients with non‐ischaemic HFrEF, there was a clear association between greater adiposity and higher long‐term mortality.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00542945.
Visible‐Light‐Promoted Cascade Radical Cyclization for Difluorochroman‐4‐Ones Via Electron Donor‐Acceptor Complexes
Authors: Wang Wei‐Feng , Song Qin‐Hua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe research of electron donor‐acceptor complex has developed fast in the field of photochemistry. Herein, the green and efficient metal‐free visible‐light‐promoted synthesis of difluorochroman‐4‐ones has been achieved with 2‐(allyloxy)arylaldehyde and bromodifluoroacetamide, which is driven by noncovalent interactions between 2‐(allyloxy)arylaldehyde/N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylene diamine (TMEDA) and bromodifluoroacetamide/TMEDA. By precisely optimizing the electron donor and reaction solvent, a wide range of structurally diverse difluorochroman‐4‐ones, including aryl amide, aliphatic amide and ester groups, were obtained in up to 76 % yields. This strategy offers the benefits of simple operation, good yields, high atomic economy and broad applicability, providing an essential complement to traditional approaches for the preparation of chroman‐4‐one skeletons without any transition metals, photocatalysts or oxidants.
Tandem Knoevenagel‐Aldol Cyclization Towards Di and Trisubstituted Pyridines: Use of Malonaldehyde and Diethyl Malonate for the Synthesis of Indolizine
Authors: Dorai Sandya Tambi , Chandrashekharappa Sandeep 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn effective method for the construction of a multi‐functionalized pyridine motif of indolizine using the [4+2] annulation pathway involves tandem Knoevenagel‐aldol cyclization as a critical step in the process. The production of an indolizine scaffold with a hydroxy group at the C6 position and an ethyl ester/aldehyde group at the C7 position was successfully accomplished using this approach with an excellent yield, with the use of a reagent that contains active methylene and operates under mild conditions. This straightforward and simple protocol allows extensions of the core moiety in a quick and dependable manner.
Biogas production from Udara seeds inoculated with food waste digestate and its optimal output for energy utilities: Central composite design and machine learning approach
Authors: Iweka Sunday Chukwuka , Ighofiomoni Michael Oghale , Falowo Olayomi Abiodun , Oladunni Atilade A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnaerobic digestion of abundant feedstock from biomaterials is a good innovative fossil fuel alternative approach for the synthesis of green fuel (biogas). Rotatable central composite design (CCD) and machine learning (ML) via Python coding were successfully used to design, optimize, and predict the rate of biogas production from stew‐rice and eggs digestate with Udara seeds in an anaerobic unit. Two‐input parameters, such as inoculation ratio (S/I) and hydraulic reaction time (HRT) were considered, resulting in 13 experimental setups under mesophilic surroundings of 25–34°C. Mixture ratios of substrate/inoculum (S/I) of 0.98:1, 1.5:1, 2.75:1, 2.75:1, 4:1, 1.5: 1, and 4.52:1 were used against 30, 20, 44.14, 15.86, 40, 40, and 30 days HRT as modeled by CCD rotatable to optimize biogas production from crushed Udara seeds with spoilt stew‐rice and eggs digestate. From the results, it was observed that the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9573 was generated via CCD rotatable whereas, the R2 of 1 was generated from the multivariate regression of ML approach. Also, the data and graphs derived via ML were superior to the ones derived from CCD rotatable. However, the maximum output of 4.84 L at 4 mixing ratio and 40 days HRT from CCD rotatable is close to the ML value of 4.89 L under the same input factors, yet ML yielded more. Thus, it is clear that the Python‐based ML algorithm approach has the potential to predict biogas output better than CCD rotatable. However, the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry analysis of the highest output produced generated 63.29% biomethane and 26.71% CO2 by volume and produced a flashpoint of −167°C which is flammable. Thus, the generated biogas via an anaerobic unit can be transmitted into large‐scale commercial applications for the betterment of mankind.