bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convergence of a Finite Difference Scheme for a Parabolic Transmission Problem in Disjoint Domains
Authors: Milovanović Zorica 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this paper we investigate a parabolic transmission problem in disjoint domains. An a priori estimate for its weak solution in appropriate Sobolev‐like space is proved. The convergence of a finite difference scheme (FDS) approximating this problem is analyzed. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An Efficient Policy Iteration Algorithm for Dynamic Programming Equations
Authors: Alla Alessandro , Falcone Maurizio , Kalise Dante 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe present a scheme for Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Bellman equations based on a semi‐Lagrangian discretization and an iterative method in the policy space. The scheme exploits the idea that a good initialization of the policy iteration procedure yields a faster numerical convergence to the optimal solution. The scheme features a pre‐processing step with value iterations on a coarse grid. Numerical tests assess the efficient performance of the method. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Model‐Free Stability‐Based Adaptive Control Method for Unknown Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Shen Xi , Söffker Dirk 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis contribution considers an adaptive control method based on a cognition‐based framework to stabilize unknown nonlinear systems online. This method requires only the system outputs, which are assumed as measurable. The structure of the framework consists of three parts. The first part is based on a dynamic recurrent neural network (DRNN) to be used for local identification, analysis and multi‐step‐ahead prediction of the system. In the second part, a set of given input values will be calculated numerically with a geometrical criterion based on a suitable definition of quadratic stability. In the third part, the most suitable control input value is chosen for the next predefined time interval according to a suitable cost function. The proposed controller is able to gain useful local knowledge and define autonomously suitable local control input according to the stability criterion. Numerical examples using inverted pendulum system and Lorenz system are shown to demonstrate the successful application and performance of the method. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Necessary and sufficient stability condition for arbitrarily switched linear systems from a data‐driven perspective
Authors: Zhang Fan , Söffker Dirk 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this paper, the problem of existence of Common Quadratic Lyapunov Function (CQLF) is handled in a data‐driven manner: instead of using mathematical models, a necessary and sufficient condition for existence of CQLF is established by direct use of measured system states. The paper shows that a CQLF exists if the intersection between the positive real space and the convex cone constructed by the data set transformed from the measured states using a suitable orthogonal matrix is not empty. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Comparison of Numerical Simulation Models for Open Loop Flight Simulations in the Human Centrifuge
Authors: Vidakovic Jelena , Lazarevic Mihailo , Kvrgic Vladimir , Dančuo Zorana , Lutovac Maja 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTo achieve predefined Gz load profile in high G training in human centrifuge, it is necessary to determine angular velocity and acceleration of a planetary axis (centrifuge arm). Initial value problem that can not be solved in closed form was obtained. Several discretization methods for calculating angular velocity of centrifuge arm driven by DC servo motor are presented. Simulations are performed for different positive and negative values of Gz onset. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Resolution of the wavefront set via discrete sets
Authors: Johansson Karoline , Pilipović Stevan , Teofanov Nenad , Toft Joachim 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe introduce discrete wave‐front sets of sup type and prove that they coincide with the Hörmander wave‐front set of a distribution. To that end we recall the notion of admissible lattice pairs and wave‐front sets in Fourier‐Lebesgue spaces. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Defect corrected averaging for parabolic PDEs
Authors: Naumann Andreas , Wensch Jörg 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe consider parabolic partial differential equations with highly oscillatory source terms. The timescale of the problem is assumed to be much larger than the timescale of the oscillation. Resolution of the smallest timescale constitutes a strong restriction on the stepsize of time integration method. Averaging techniques like stroboscopic averaging have been developed to overcome this restriction. In case of parabolic equations these techniques are of limited advantage. We have developed defect corrected averaging techniques that allow timesteps taylored to the timescale of diffusion. They are based on Krylov subspace iterations for the abstract solution operator of the system. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Asymptotics and numerics for non‐Newtonian jet dynamics
Authors: Lorenz Maike , Marheineke Nicole , Wegener Raimund 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis work deals with the modeling and simulation of non‐Newtonian jet dynamics. Proceeding from a 3d boundary value problem of upper‐convected Maxwell equations, a 1d viscoelastic string model can be derived asymptotically. The resulting system of PDEs has a hyperbolic‐elliptic character with an additional differential constraint. Its applicability regime is limited depending on physical parameters and boundary conditions. Numerical results are shown for gravitational in‐/outflow set‐ups. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An Optimal p‐Refinement Strategy for Dynamic Iteration of Ordinary and Differential Algebraic Equations
Authors: Schöps Sebastian , Bartel Andreas , Günther Michael 
Published: November 2013

AbstractMultiphysical simulation tasks are often numerically solved by dynamic iteration schemes. Usually, this demands the efficient and stable coupling of existing simulation software for the contributing physical subdomains or subsystem. Since the coupling is weakened by such a simulation strategy, iteration is needed to enhance the quality of the numerical approximation. By the means of error recursions, one obtains estimates for the approximation order and the reduction of error per iteration (convergence rate). It is know that the first iterations can be coarsely sampled (in time), but the last iterations need to be refined (h‐refinement) to obtain the accuracy gain of latter iterations (‘sweeps’).In this work we discuss an optimal choice of the approximation order p used in the time integration with respect to the iteration ‘sweep’ count. It is deduced from the analytical error recursion and yields a p‐refinement strategy. Numerical experiments show that our estimates are sharp and give a precise prediction of the correct convergence. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of respiratory syncytial virus infection epidemiology in Latin America
Authors: Bardach Ariel , Rey‐Ares Lucila , Cafferata María Luisa , Cormick Gabriela , Romano Marina , Ruvinsky Silvina , Savy Vilma 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a frequent cause of acute respiratory infection and the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to obtain a comprehensive epidemiological picture of the data available on disease burden, surveillance, and use of resources in Latin America. Pooled estimates are useful for cross‐country comparisons. Data from published studies reporting patients with probable or confirmed RSV infection in medical databases and gray literature were included from 74 studies selected from the 291 initially identified. When considering all countries, the largest pooled percentage RSV in low respiratory tract infection patients was found in the group between 0 and 11 months old, 41.5% (95% CI 32.0–51.4). In all countries, percentages were increasingly lower as older children were included in the analyses. The pooled percentage of RSV in LRTIs in the elderly people was 12.6 (95% CI 4.2–24.6). The percentage of RSV infection in hospitalized newborns was 40.9% (95% CI 28.28–54.34). The pooled case fatality ratio for RSV infection was 1.74% (95% CI 1.2–2.4) in the first 2 years of life. The average length of stay excluding intensive care unit admissions among children with risk factors for severe disease was 12.8 (95% CI 8.9–16.7) days, whereas it averaged 7.3 (95% CI 6.1/8.5) days in otherwise healthy children. We could conclude that infants in their first year of age were the most vulnerable population. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review on RSV disease burden and use of health resources in Latin America. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Security of implantable medical devices: limits, requirements, and proposals
Authors: Ellouze Nourhene , Allouche Mohamed , Ahmed Habib Ben , Rekhis Slim , Boudriga Noureddine 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTImplantable medical devices (IMDs) are surgically implanted into a human body to collect physiological data and perform medical therapeutic functions. They are increasingly being used to improve the quality of life of patients by treating chronic ailments such as cardiac arrhythmia, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease. However, recent research has demonstrated the deficiency of wireless IMDs in enforcing security and privacy, and discussed the impact of these attacks on the patient's safety and efficacy of medical treatments. This paper provides an overview of the main vulnerabilities of IMDs. It also reviews the recent research on IMD security and privacy, and discusses their advantages and limitations. In this paper, we also describe the main requirements for improving security of IMDs and identify and discuss a set of research challenges for designing the next generation of secure wireless IMDs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dietary flavanol intervention lowers the levels of endothelial microparticles in coronary artery disease patients
Authors: Horn Patrick , Amabile Nicolas , Angeli Franca S. , Sansone Roberto , Stegemann Berthold , Kelm Malte , Springer Matthew L. , Yeghiazarians Yerem , Schroeter Hagen , Heiss Christian 
Published: November 2013

Current evidence suggests that regenerative v. degenerative endothelial responses can be integrated in a clinical endothelial phenotype, reflecting the net result between damage from risk factors and endogenous repair capacity. We have previously shown that a cocoa flavanol (CF) intervention can improve endothelial function and increase the regenerative capacity of the endothelium by mobilising circulating angiogenic cells in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether CF can lower the levels of circulating endothelial microparticles (EMP), markers of endothelial integrity, along with improvements in endothelial function. The levels of EMP in the frozen plasma samples of CAD patients were measured along with endothelial function (flow-mediated vasodilation, FMD); n 16, FMD data published previously), and these data were compared with those of young (n 12) and age-matched (n 12) healthy control subjects. The CAD patients exhibited significantly increased levels of EMP along with impaired FMD when compared with the healthy control subjects. The levels of CD144+ and CD31+/41− EMP were inversely correlated with FMD (r − 0·67, P= 0·01 and r − 0·59, P= 0·01, respectively). In these CAD patients, the levels of EMP were measured after they had consumed a drink containing 375 mg of CF (high-CF intervention, HiFI) or 9 mg of CF (macro- and micronutrient-matched low-CF control, LoFl) twice daily over a 30-d period in a randomised, double-blind, cross-over study. After 1 month of HiFI, the levels of CD31+/41− and CD144+ EMP decreased ( − 25 and − 23 %, respectively), but not after LoFl. Our data show that flavanols lower the levels of EMP along with higher endothelial function, lending evidence to the novel concept that flavanols may improve endothelial integrity.
Analyst Coverage, Information, and Bubbles
Authors: Andrade Sandro C. , Bian Jiangze , Burch Timothy R. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe examine the 2007 stock market bubble in China. Using multiple measures of bubble intensity for each stock, we find significantly smaller bubbles in stocks for which there is greater analyst coverage. We further show that the abating effect of analyst coverage on bubble intensity is weaker when there is greater disagreement among analysts. This suggests that, in line with resale option theories of bubbles, one channel through which analyst coverage may mitigate bubbles is by coordinating investors’ beliefs and thus reducing its dispersion. Stock turnover provides further evidence consistent with this particular information mechanism.
Mediterranean diet and health status: an updated meta-analysis and a proposal for a literature-based adherence score
Authors: Sofi Francesco , Macchi Claudio , Abbate Rosanna , Gensini Gian Franco , Casini Alessandro 
Published: November 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo update previous meta-analyses of cohort studies that investigated the association between the Mediterranean diet and health status and to utilize data coming from all of the cohort studies for proposing a literature-based adherence score to the Mediterranean diet.DesignWe conducted a comprehensive literature search through all electronic databases up to June 2013.SettingCohort prospective studies investigating adherence to the Mediterranean diet and health outcomes. Cut-off values of food groups used to compute the adherence score were obtained.SubjectsThe updated search was performed in an overall population of 4 172 412 subjects, with eighteen recent studies that were not present in the previous meta-analyses.ResultsA 2-point increase in adherence score to the Mediterranean diet was reported to determine an 8 % reduction of overall mortality (relative risk = 0·92; 95 % CI 0·91, 0·93), a 10 % reduced risk of CVD (relative risk = 0·90; 95 % CI 0·87, 0·92) and a 4 % reduction of neoplastic disease (relative risk = 0·96; 95 % CI 0·95, 0·97). We utilized data coming from all cohort studies available in the literature for proposing a literature-based adherence score. Such a score ranges from 0 (minimal adherence) to 18 (maximal adherence) points and includes three different categories of consumption for each food group composing the Mediterranean diet.ConclusionsThe Mediterranean diet was found to be a healthy dietary pattern in terms of morbidity and mortality. By using data from the cohort studies we proposed a literature-based adherence score that can represent an easy tool for the estimation of adherence to the Mediterranean diet also at the individual level.
POLYNOMIAL EQUIVALENCE OF FINITE RINGS
Authors: GRASEGGER GEORG , HORVÁTH GÁBOR , KEARNES KEITH A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe prove that ${ \mathbb{Z} }_{{p}^{n} } $ and ${ \mathbb{Z} }_{p} [t] / ({t}^{n} )$ are polynomially equivalent if and only if $n\leq 2$ or ${p}^{n} = 8$. For the proof, employing Bernoulli numbers, we explicitly provide the polynomials which compute the carry-on part for the addition and multiplication in base $p$. As a corollary, we characterize finite rings of ${p}^{2} $ elements up to polynomial equivalence.
Endemic thelodonts (Vertebrata: Thelodonti) from the Lower Silurian of central Asia and southern Siberia
Authors: Žigaitė Živilė 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTNew fossil vertebrate microremains from the Lower Silurian of NW Mongolia, Tuva and S Siberia have been discovered, and previous collections of thelodonts (Vertebrata: Thelodonti) from this region re-studied, figured and described, following recent advances in morphology and systematics of thelodont scales. As a result, six thelodont species are described here and attributed to two families and three genera. An emended diagnosis is given for each species. Morpohological scale varieties of each species are revised, and the squamation types are introduced to the species descriptions, resulting in newly grouped morphological sets of scales. The previously monotypic genusTalimaalepisŽigaitė, 2004, is proposed to contain two different species; therefore, two new combinations of morphological scale sets of two species are described for the first time. Both of them show transitional scale structure between the generaLoganellia(family Loganellidae) andHelenolepis(family Phlebolepididae). Two of the thelodont genera,AngaralepisandTalimaalepis, as well as all the six species, are endemic and not known anywhere else in the world. They are accompanied by a variety of other peculiar early vertebrates, such as mongolepids, two endemic genera of acanthodians, and putative galeaspids. This work enhances our knowledge of early Silurian vertebrate diversity, and provides evidence of regional palaeoenvironmental conditions and palaeogeographical relationships of the Siberia and Tuva terranes.
Development of novel DNA vaccine for VEGF in murine cancer model
Authors: Kyutoku Mariko , Nakagami Hironori , Koriyama Hiroshi , Tomioka Hideki , Nakagami Futoshi , Shimamura Munehisa , Kurinami Hitomi , Zhengda Pang , Jo Dong Hyun , Kim Jeong Hun , Takakura Nobuyuki , Morishita Ryuichi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe developed DNA vaccine for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which may provide the therapeutic option instead of anti-VEGF antibody, bevacizumab. Plasmid containing VEGF mini-gene was constructed in the insertion of B-cell epitope of Hepatitis B core protein [HBc-VEGF], which was an epitope carrier. High titer of anti-VEGF antibody was observed in BALB/c mice which were intramuscularly immunized with HBc-VEGF by electropolator. In mice inoculated with colon 26 cells, tumor volume and microvessel density was decreased in HBc-VEGF with a significant prolonged survival. Co-treatment of purified IgG from immunized mice with HBc-VEGF showed in vitro neutralizing activity for VEGF-induced ERK phosphorylation and tube formation in cultured endothelial cells. Furthermore, intravitreally injection of this purified IgG reduced the neovessel formation in the mouse oxygen-induced retinopathy and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization models. These results first provided that DNA vaccine against VEGF possessed the anti-angiogenic effect, leading to prolonged survival in mouse cancer model.
Everolimus is a potent inhibitor of activated hepatic stellate cell functions in vitro and in vivo, while demonstrating anti-angiogenic activities
Authors: Piguet Anne-Christine , Majumder Syamantak , Maheshwari Uma , Manjunathan Reji , Saran Uttara , Chatterjee Suvro , Dufour Jean-François 
Published: November 2013

Progression of liver fibrosis to HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) is a very complex process which involves several pathological phenomena, including hepatic stellate cell activation, inflammation, fibrosis and angiogenesis. Therefore inhibiting multiple pathological processes using a single drug can be an effective choice to curb the progression of HCC. In the present study, we used the mTOR inhibitor everolimus to observe its effect on the in vitro activation of hepatic stellate cells and angiogenesis. The results of the present study demonstrated that everolimus treatment blocked the functions of the immortalized human activated hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 without affecting the viability and migration of primary human stellate cells. We also observed that treatment with everolimus (20 nM) inhibited collagen production by activated stellate cells, as well as cell contraction. Everolimus treatment was also able to attenuate the activation of primary stellate cells to their activated form. Angiogenesis studies showed that everolimus blocked angiogenesis in a rat aortic ring assay and inhibited the tube formation and migration of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Finally, everolimus treatment reduced the load of tumoral myofibroblasts in a rat model of HCC. These data suggest that everolimus targets multiple mechanisms, making it a potent blocker of the progression of HCC from liver fibrosis.
Sensitive and quantitative pEPR detection system for SPIO nanoparticles
Authors: Li X. , Torfs G. , Vandewege J. , Bauwelinck J. , Verbiest J.R. 
Published: November 2013

A new system for the quantification of super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) is presented. The proposed system relies on the particle electron paramagnetic resonance (pEPR) technique and utilises the linear response of the SPIONs to generate a pEPR signal under a static field. By extracting the pEPR signals, whose intensity is proportional to the SPIONs concentration, the quantitative information of the SPIONs is derived. To evaluate the system performance, sensitivity measurements have been conducted with two commercial SPIONs, FeraSpin M and Resovist, and reveal a measurement sensitivity of 300 ng.
Tri‐band microstrip‐fed monopole antenna with dual‐polarisation characteristics for WLAN and WiMAX applications
Authors: Wu Ting , Shi Xiao‐Wei , Li Ping , Bai Hao 
Published: November 2013

A novel and compact tri‐band microstrip‐fed monopole antenna with dual‐polarisation characteristics for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications is proposed. The antenna is composed of a partial ground and a Y‐shaped radiating patch that consists of two unequal monopole arms and a modified circle monopole. The antenna is able to generate three separate impedance bandwidths to cover the frequency bands of the WLAN (2.4–2.484 and 5.8 GHz) and the WiMAX (3.4–3.7 GHz). In addition, the antenna is circularly polarised in both the WLAN bands. Furthermore, the antenna structure is extremely simple, durable and occupies small space, making it suitable for practical applications.
Exploring 'omics' of genetic resources to mitigate the effects of climate change.
Authors: McNally K. L. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

This chapter aims to provide a glimpse into the molecular technologies that could be used to address and mitigate the effects that climate change will impose on food production. In particular, it provides an overview of these molecular technologies and their current state. Because informatics analyses are integral to the effective exploration and use of high-density sequence and other 'omics' datasets, informatic tools and approaches for analyses are also explored. Some examples of their application in relevant crop species are discussed. Game-changing technologies that may significantly accelerate our understanding are highlighted and ways that certain information can be used to fine-tune genotypic selection for targeted phenotyping and breeding is explored. Approaches to improve data mining and its use in breeding are addressed.
Cognitive dysfunction syndrome in dogs and cats.
Authors: Pan Y. L. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Some ageing pets developed cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS), which is equivalent to dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD) in people. Both CDS and AD share similar pathological changes including cortical atrophy with irreversible loss of brain cells, cerebral amyloid angiopathy and ventricular enlargement. Clinical signs of CDS include disorientation, social interaction changes, sleep/wake disturbances, house soiling and general activity changes. The risk factors and causes of CDS in dogs and cats have not been fully investigated, but age, gender, oxidative stress and sex hormone deficiency appear to be associated with increased risk of CDS in dogs. Both AD and CDS are incurable diseases currently, therefore greater efforts should be focused on preventing or reducing brain atrophy, and minimizing the risk of AD in people and CDS in pets. A number of nutritional approaches for enhancing cognitive function and promoting healthy brain ageing are briefly discussed.