bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of late-life blood pressure change with cerebral small vessel disease in the MIND-China study
Authors: Lu Wei , Ma Qingping , Wang Jiafeng , Li Chunyan , Xie Qianqian , Chen Ziwei , Zhang Huisi , Song Lin , Du Yifeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the associations between changes in blood pressure (BP) and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).

Methods
This study included 401 participants in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sub-study conducted between 2018 and 2020 as a part of the Multidomain Interventions to Delay Dementia and Disability in Rural China project. MRI markers of CSVD were assessed based on international criteria. Individualized linear regression models evaluated changes in BP by estimating the trend of blood pressure changes over time and fitting a straight line from 2014 to 2018. The data were analyzed using logistic and general linear regression models.

Result
The mean age of the participants was 64.48 ± 2.69 years, with 237 (59.1%) being females. Increases in systolic BP in later life were significantly associated with larger volumes of periventricular white matter hyperintensity (WMH), greater perivascular spaces in the basal ganglia (BG-PVS) burden, and the presence of deep lacunes and cerebral microbleeds. Additionally, increases in diastolic BP in later life were significantly associated with the presence of infratentorial and deep lacunes.

Conclusions
CSVDs are associated with increased exposure to elevated BP later in life.
CAR-T cell combination therapies in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Zhou Delian , Zhu Xiaojian , Xiao Yi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy, a groundbreaking cancer treatment, has achieved remarkable success against hematologic malignancies. However, CAR-T monotherapy faces challenges in certain cases, including treatment tolerance and relapse rates. To overcome these challenges, researchers are investigating combining CAR-T cells with other treatments to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, this review aims to investigate the progress of research in combining CAR-T cells for hematologic malignancies. It covers the basic principles and clinical applications of CAR-T cell therapy, detailing combinations with chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted drugs, radiotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and other treatments. These combinations synergistically enhance the antitumor effects of CAR-T cells and comprehensively target tumors through different mechanisms, improving patient response and survival rates.
Evaluating the fairness of a high-stakes college entrance exam in Kuwait
Authors: Shamsaldeen Fajer , Wang Jue , Ahn Soyeon 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The use of college entrance exams for facilitating admission decisions become controversial, and the central argument is around the fairness of test scores. The Kuwait University English Aptitude Test (KUEAT) is a high-stakes test, but very few studies have examined the psychometric quality of the scores for this national-level assessment. This study illustrates how measurement approaches can be used to examine the fairness issues in educational testing. Through a modern view of fairness, we assess the internal and external bias of KUEAT scores using differential item functioning analysis and differential prediction analysis, respectively, and provide a comprehensive fairness argument for KUEAT scores. The analysis for examining the internal evidence of bias was based on 1790 examinees’ KUEAT scores in November 2018. KUEAT scores and first-year college GPAs of 4033 students enrolled in KU were used for assessing the external evidence of bias. Results revealed many items showing differential item functioning across student subpopulation groups (i.e., nationality, gender, high school majors, and high school types). Meanwhile, KUEAT scores also predicted college performance differentially by different student subgroups (i.e., nationality, high school majors, and high school types). Discussion and implications on the fairness issues of college entrance tests in Kuwait are provided.
A review of 177Lu dosimetry workflows: how to reduce the imaging workloads?
Authors: Vergnaud Laure , Dewaraja Yuni K. , Giraudet Anne-Laure , Badel Jean-Noël , Sarrut David 
Published: July 2024

Abstract$$^{177}{\hbox {Lu}}$$

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radiopharmaceutical therapy is a standardized systemic treatment, with a typical dose of 7.4 GBq per injection, but its response varies from patient to patient. Dosimetry provides the opportunity to personalize treatment, but it requires multiple post-injection images to monitor the radiopharmaceutical’s biodistribution over time. This imposes an additional imaging burden on centers with limited resources. This review explores methods to lessen this burden by optimizing acquisition types and minimizing the number and duration of imaging sessions. After summarizing the different steps of dosimetry and providing examples of dosimetric workflows for $$^{177}{\hbox {Lu}}$$

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-DOTATATE and $$^{177}{\hbox {Lu}}$$

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-PSMA, we examine dosimetric workflows based on a reduced number of acquisitions, or even just one. We provide a non-exhaustive description of simplified methods and their assumptions, as well as their limitations. Next, we detail the specificities of each normal tissue and tumors, before reviewing dose-response relationships in the literature. In conclusion, we will discuss the current limitations of dosimetric workflows and propose avenues for improvement.
Application research of UAV infrared diagnosis technology in intelligent inspection of substations
Authors: Tian Daqi , Chen Jinlin , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study proposes an improved YOLOv4 algorithm based on mixed domain attention mechanism to design an intelligent substation inspection system. The proposed method combines improvement strategies such as lightweight, depthwise separable convolution, and mixed attention mechanism. The experimental results showed that the identification accuracy of the proposed model was only reduced by 0.2% for test samples at different positions, promoting the accuracy of intelligent inspection to reach 97.5%. The mIoU, mAP, detection speed, and recognition accuracy of the model constructed by the research were 78.34%, 95.12%, 62.05 frames per second, and 95.12%, respectively. Therefore, the proposed model could comprehensively enhance the information expression and recognition accuracy of the system, while promoting intelligent inspection to achieve high accuracy.
Functional analysis of all succinate dehydrogenase subunits in Fusarium fujikuroi
Authors: Fan Mengyuan , Qi Hao , Shao Wenyong , Zhang Hao , Yin Yanni , Chen Yun , Zhao Youfu , Ma Zhonghua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFusarium fujikuroi, the causal agent of rice bakanae disease (RBD), contains five succinate dehydrogenase (Sdh) subunits: FfSdhA, FfSdhB, FfSdhC1, FfSdhC2, and FfSdhD. However, the role of these subunits in regulating sensitivity to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) is largely unknown. Here, we conducted targeted gene disruption and phenotypic assays for all Sdh subunits and found that the deletion mutants of FfSdhA, FfSdhB, and FfSdhD exhibited severe defects in hyphal growth, conidiation, virulence, and sensitivity to CaCl2 and oxidative stresses. To a lesser extent, the mycelial growth rate and conidial production of ΔFfSdhC1 were also decreased as compared to those of the wild-type strain JS16. In addition, fungicide sensitivity assays showed that deletion of FfSdhA, B, C1, or D led to decreased sensitivity to all SDHIs tested. Unexpectedly, we were unable to obtain a FfSdhC1 + C2 double mutant and further found significant up-regulation of FfSdhC2 in ∆FfSdhC1, indicating that FfSdhC1 and -C2 might be essential for fungal growth although the FfSdhC2 deletion mutant was indistinguishable from the wild-type strain. These findings provide useful information for enhancing our understanding of the biological functions of the Sdh subunits in pathogenic fungi.
Reversible leukoencephalopathy with seizures: a case of severe high-altitude cerebral edema
Authors: Chen Ting , Wu Xintong , Liu Xiaoyan , Luo Fengming 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Acute high-altitude illness (AHAI) refers to a series of syndromes including acute mountain sickness (AMS), high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE). Among these, HACE is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition that can occur when individuals ascend to high altitudes. It is often characterized by ataxia, confusion, and altered mental status. Without appropriate treatment, HACE can rapidly progress to coma, but seizures are infrequent in occurrence.

Case presentation
Here, we report a severe HACE patient with coma and status epilepticus. The patient is a 23-year-old male who was visiting Lhasa for the first time. He initially experienced headaches and dizziness on the first day, and then he was found in coma with limb convulsions on the next day. Immediate medical attention was sought, and brain CT and MRI scans showed reversible white matter lesions, especially in the corpus callosum and subcortical white matter. Although the lesions disappeared on T1 and T2 sequences, microbleeds were observed on the SWI sequence. After treatment with tracheal intubation, glucocorticoids and hyperbaric oxygen, the cerebral edema has resolved and the clinical symptoms improved, the patient has no seizures anymore.

Conclusions
HACE typically follows AMS and poses a significant risk to life. Clinical manifestations mainly include ataxia, alterations of behavior, and impaired consciousness, with severe cases progressing to coma. Seizures, though rarely observed, may occur. Imaging shows reversible white matter lesions, with microbleeds being a significant and persistent imaging marker over time. Administration of glucocorticoids plays a crucial role in treatment. Despite experiencing seizures, this patient did not experienced any further episodes once his condition improved.
Informing the Plastic Treaty negotiations on science - experiences from the Scientists’ Coalition for an Effective Plastic Treaty
Authors: Syberg Kristian , Almroth Bethanie Carney , Fernandez Marina Olga , Baztan Juan , Bergmann Melanie , Thompson Richard C. , Gündoğdu Sedat , Knoblauch Doris , Gomiero Alessio , Monclús Laura , Muncke Jane , Boucher Justin M. , Gomez Patricia Villarrubia , Farrelly Trisia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe ongoing international negotiations on a global plastics treaty will have pivotal implications for future efforts to transform the plastic economy. This is essential since the current use of plastic in the economy impacts the environment beyond the planetary carrying capacity. To ensure that the forthcoming Treaty can provide the foundation for this transition, the best available science must be made available in the negotiations, but with no formal scientific mechanism to inform the negotiations process, this is not ensured. The Scientists’ Coalition for an Effective Plastic Treaty serves as an example of how the global scientific community has self-organized and come together to address this task, working with five different categories of science-policy communication. The Scientists’ Coalition’s work is made transparent here with the hope that it can inspire organization of scientific input into other future policy areas.
Non-reversible Monte Carlo: An example of “true” self-repelling motion
Authors: Maggs A. C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We link the large-scale dynamics of non-reversible Monte Carlo algorithms as well as a lifted TASEP to an exactly soluble model of self-repelling motion. We present arguments for the connection between the problems and perform simulations, where we show that the empirical distribution functions generated from Monte Carlo are well described by the analytic solution of self-repelling motion.
Novel Approach for Treating Diabetes in a Patient With the Heterozygous Pathogenic Variant R46Q in the Insulin Gene
Authors: Laugesen Kristina , Gregersen Søren , Støy Julie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a monogenic disorder of glucose homeostasis with several subtypes, each defined by a distinct genetic etiology. Heterozygous pathogenic variants in the insulin gene are rare causes of MODY, and optimal treatment strategies remain uncertain. Herein we describe a patient with diabetes caused by the heterozygous pathogenic variant R46Q in the insulin gene and the glycemic response to selected antidiabetic treatment regimens. The R46Q pathogenic variant leads to secretion of both mutant and wild-type insulin. In vitro, the mutant insulin is associated with a lower insulin-receptor affinity compared with wild-type insulin and a decline in wild-type insulin secretion. In our patient, treatment with a combination of long- and short-acting insulin led to a decline in hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), although not to the recommended target. A shift to metformin and subsequent add-on of a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) resulted in HbA1c levels of less than 7% (53 mmol/mol) and durable glycemic control. Continuous glucose monitoring and oral glucose tolerance tests confirmed that treatment with metformin and SGLT2i was superior to treatment with insulin. In conclusion, diabetes caused by the pathogenic variant R46Q in the insulin gene may be effectively treated with noninsulin.
Phylogenetic variations in a novel family of hyperstable apple snail egg proteins: insights into structural stability and functional trends
Authors: Pasquevich María Y. , Dreon Marcos S. , Diupotex-Chong María E. , Heras Horacio 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The relationship between protein stability and functional evolution is little explored in proteins purified from natural sources. Here, we investigated a novel family of egg proteins (Perivitellin-1, PV1) from Pomacea snails. Their remarkable stability and clade-related functions in most derived clades (Canaliculata and Bridgesii) make them excellent candidates for exploring this issue. To that aim, we studied PV1 (PpaPV1) from the most basal lineage, Flagellata. PpaPV1 displays unparalleled structural and kinetic stability, surpassing PV1s from derived clades, ranking among the most hyperstable proteins documented in nature. Its spectral features contribute to a pale egg coloration, exhibiting a milder glycan binding lectin activity with a narrower specificity than PV1s from the closely related Bridgesii clade. These findings provide evidence for substantial structural and functional changes throughout the genus' PV1 evolution. We observed that structural and kinetic stability decreased in a clade-related fashion and was associated with large variations in defensive traits. For instance, pale PpaPV1 lectin turns potent in the Bridgesii clade, adversely affecting gut morphology, while giving rise to brightly colored PV1s providing eggs with a conspicuous, probably warning signal in the Canaliculata clade. This work provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of PV1s from various apple snail species within a phylogenetic framework, offering insights into the interplay among their structural features, stability profiles and functional roles. More broadly, our work provides one of the first examples from natural evolution showing the crucial link among protein structure, stability and evolution of new functions.
Determinants of sleep quality among pregnant women in a selected institution in the Southern province, Sri Lanka
Authors: Peiris M. S. K. , Sundarapperuma Thamudi Darshi. 
Published: July 2024

Background
Sleep is a vital requirement during pregnancy for the betterment of the fetus and the mother. Sleep quality could vary due to pregnancy-specific psychological and physiological changes. To introduce a tailored programme to enhance the sleep quality of mothers, it is paramount to assess the sleep quality and determinants of sleep. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the determinants of sleep quality among pregnant women in a selected institution in the Southern province of Sri Lanka.

Methods
Hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out with 245 antenatal women, selected using a systematic random sampling method. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data which contains four parts. Below variables were involved and both continuous and categorical data were collected as required. ‘Maternal sleep quality, socio-demographic data and gestational age, maternal depression and anxiety.’ Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0 for Windows by using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s Chi-square test, and independent sample T-test (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis was used to find the relationship with sleep quality and other variables. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant, at 95% CI.

Results
The majority of women (60.8%) had good sleep quality and they didn’t have either depressive symptoms (63.4%) or anxiety (64.2%). Aged between 34–41 years and third-trimester women had higher rates of poor sleep quality. Varying quality of sleep was identified among three-trimesters with subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, habitual sleep efficiency, and sleep disturbances. In comparison with the first and second trimester, pregnant women in the third trimester had higher score of global PSQI (5.22 ± 2.35), subjective sleep quality (1.23 ± 0.70), sleep latency (1.25 ± 0.86), habitual sleep efficiency (0.14 ± 0.43), and sleep disturbances (1.39 ± 0.58). There was a significant association between gestational age (P = .006), maternal age (P = .009), antenatal depression (P = .034), and anxiety (P = .013) with sleep quality. However, multinomial logistic regression revealed that only gestational age affected on quality of sleep. The first trimester was a protective factor for good quality sleep (Adjusted OR = 3.156) compared to the other two trimesters.

Conclusion
This study revealed that the majority of women had good sleep quality but quality of sleep was deprived with gestational age. It is expected that the findings of this research will be helpful for health and social care policymakers when formulating guidelines and interventions regarding improving the quality of sleep among pregnant women in Sri Lanka.
How is cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia delivered to adults with comorbid persistent musculoskeletal pain and disordered sleep? A scoping review
Authors: Browne Abigail , Cahalan Roisin , O’ Sullivan Kieran 
Published: July 2024

Background
Disordered sleep and persistent musculoskeletal pain are highly comorbid. Behavioural interventions such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) have shown promise in the management of both disordered sleep and persistent musculoskeletal pain. The aim of this review was to examine how CBT-I is delivered in randomised controlled trials involving people with comorbid disordered sleep and persistent musculoskeletal pain.

Methods
The protocol for this scoping review was registered with the Open Science Framework. Electronic searches of ten database and three clinical trials registries were performed up to 25 October 2023. The methodological quality of each study was evaluated by two independent reviewers using the PEDro tool. The reporting of CBT-I interventions was evaluated using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist.

Results
Twelve studies met the eligibility criteria. TIDieR scores ranged from 7-11/12, with a mean score of 8.8/12. CBT-I always involved two core components–sleep restriction and stimulus control. Furthermore, an additional five components were usually involved–a cognitive component, sleep hygiene, sleep education, relaxation/deactivation procedures and relapse planning. There was also considerable consistency in the frequency (weekly) and duration (5–9 weeks) of CBT-I programmes. Aspects inconsistently reported included who delivered the intervention; what modifications were made, if any; and the session content and duration. PEDro scores ranged from 5-8/10, with a mean score of 6.7/10.

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate considerable consistency in the components of CBT-I delivered in clinical trials along with the number of sessions. The frequency of sessions was also consistent where almost all studies held weekly session. However, some aspects were either not reported (e.g., precise content of components) or inconsistent (e.g., use of terminology). CBT-I was delivered both individually and in groups. Greater consistency, and more detailed reporting regarding who delivered the intervention, the training provided, and the specific content of CBT-I components would add clarity, and may enhance CBT-I efficacy and allow better replication.
A mixed-methods study to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of delivering the optimal health program (OHP) for youth at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis: A study protocol
Authors: Husain Muhammad. Omair , Hawke Lisa D. , Lu Yun , Kozloff Nicole , Strudwick Gillian , Kiang Michael , Wang Wei , Castle David , Foussias George 
Published: July 2024

Individuals with clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis experience significant distress, impaired general functioning and a high lifetime risk of self-harm and attempted suicide. The CHR period is an important phase in an individual’s mental health where appropriate interventions may reduce the risk of progression to several negative outcomes, including the development of schizophrenia. Given that up to 80% of individuals with CHR have another diagnosable mental illness and almost half experience poor psychosocial functioning, developing interventions that address psychosocial functioning in young people with CHR is of great importance. This mixed-methods study aims to employ qualitative and quantitative methods to adapt an evidence-based comprehensive psychosocial and mental health self-efficacy program, the Optimal Health Program (OHP), and evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary clinical efficacy in young people with CHR. We aim to recruit 30 CHR participants (age 16–29 years) in a single-arm 12-week exploratory clinical trial. Feasibility metrics will include recruitment, retention, and data completion rates. Acceptability will be informed by the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire. Clinical assessments (psychosis spectrum symptoms, depression, and anxiety), functional measures, and cognitive outcomes will be completed at study entry and repeated post-intervention at 12-weeks. We will run pre-post test data analysis to examine changes following engagement in the OHP intervention. Qualitative interviews will be conducted post-intervention to further evaluate the acceptability of the intervention and the trial design, and will be analyzed using thematic analysis. OHP may enhance the long-term mental health, well-being and functioning of CHR youth. However, the intervention must first be adapted to a CHR population; then, the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of delivering an intervention tailored around the varied needs of the CHR group must be established before a larger-scale appropriately powered study is pursued.
Trial registration: The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05757128.