bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LRF maintains genome integrity by regulating the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair
Authors: Liu Xue-Song , Chandramouly Gurushankar , Rass Emilie , Guan Yinghua , Wang Guocan , Hobbs Robin M. , Rajendran Anbazhagan , Xie Anyong , Shah Jagesh V. , Davis Anthony J. , Scully Ralph , Lunardi Andrea , Pandolfi Pier Paolo 
Published: October 2015

AbstractLeukemia/lymphoma-related factor (LRF) is a POZ/BTB and Krüppel (POK) transcriptional repressor characterized by context-dependent key roles in cell fate decision and tumorigenesis. Here we demonstrate an unexpected transcription-independent function for LRF in the classical non-homologous end joining (cNHEJ) pathway of double-strand break (DSB) repair. We find that LRF loss in cell lines and mouse tissues results in defective cNHEJ, genomic instability and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. Mechanistically, we show that LRF binds and stabilizes DNA-PKcs on DSBs, in turn favouring DNA-PK activity. Importantly, LRF loss restores ionizing radiation sensitivity to p53 null cells, making LRF an attractive biomarker to direct p53-null LRF-deficient tumours towards therapeutic treatments based on genotoxic agents or PARP inhibitors following a synthetic lethal strategy.
The alternative splicing factor Nova2 regulates vascular development and lumen formation
Authors: Giampietro Costanza , Deflorian Gianluca , Gallo Stefania , Di Matteo Anna , Pradella Davide , Bonomi Serena , Belloni Elisa , Nyqvist Daniel , Quaranta Valeria , Confalonieri Stefano , Bertalot Giovanni , Orsenigo Fabrizio , Pisati Federica , Ferrero Elisabetta , Biamonti Giuseppe , Fredrickx Evelien , Taveggia Carla , Wyatt Chris D. R. , Irimia Manuel , Di Fiore Pier Paolo , Blencowe Benjamin J. , Dejana Elisabetta , Ghigna Claudia 
Published: October 2015

AbstractVascular lumen formation is a fundamental step during angiogenesis; yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that neural and vascular systems share common anatomical, functional and molecular similarities. Here we show that the organization of endothelial lumen is controlled at the post-transcriptional level by the alternative splicing (AS) regulator Nova2, which was previously considered to be neural cell-specific. Nova2 is expressed during angiogenesis and its depletion disrupts vascular lumen formation in vivo. Similarly, Nova2 depletion in cultured endothelial cells (ECs) impairs the apical distribution and the downstream signalling of the Par polarity complex, resulting in altered EC polarity, a process required for vascular lumen formation. These defects are linked to AS changes of Nova2 target exons affecting the Par complex and its regulators. Collectively, our results reveal that Nova2 functions as an AS regulator in angiogenesis and is a novel member of the ‘angioneurins’ family.
Detyrosinated microtubules modulate mechanotransduction in heart and skeletal muscle
Authors: Kerr Jaclyn P. , Robison Patrick , Shi Guoli , Bogush Alexey I. , Kempema Aaron M. , Hexum Joseph K. , Becerra Natalia , Harki Daniel A. , Martin Stuart S. , Raiteri Roberto , Prosser Benjamin L. , Ward Christopher W. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn striated muscle, X-ROS is the mechanotransduction pathway by which mechanical stress transduced by the microtubule network elicits reactive oxygen species. X-ROS tunes Ca2+ signalling in healthy muscle, but in diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), microtubule alterations drive elevated X-ROS, disrupting Ca2+ homeostasis and impairing function. Here we show that detyrosination, a post-translational modification of α-tubulin, influences X-ROS signalling, contraction speed and cytoskeletal mechanics. In the mdx mouse model of DMD, the pharmacological reduction of detyrosination in vitro ablates aberrant X-ROS and Ca2+ signalling, and in vivo it protects against hallmarks of DMD, including workload-induced arrhythmias and contraction-induced injury in skeletal muscle. We conclude that detyrosinated microtubules increase cytoskeletal stiffness and mechanotransduction in striated muscle and that targeting this post-translational modification may have broad therapeutic potential in muscular dystrophies.
A Giant Reconstruction of α-quartz (0001) Interpreted as Three Domains of Nano Dauphine Twins
Authors: Eder S. D. , Fladischer K. , Yeandel S. R. , Lelarge A. , Parker S. C. , Søndergård E. , Holst B. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSilica (SiO2) is one of the most common materials on Earth. The crystalline form α-quartz is the stable silica polymorph at ambient conditions although metastable forms exist. α-quartz is a piezoelectric material, it can be produced artificially and is widely used for example in electronics and the biosciences. Despite the many application areas, the atomic surface structures of silica polymorphs are neither well understood nor well characterized. Here we present measurements of α-quartz (0001). Helium Atom Scattering combined with Atomic Force Microscopy reveals a giant reconstruction consisting of 5.55 ± 0.07 nm wide ribbons, oriented 10.4° ± 0.8° relative to the bulk unit cell. The ribbons, with the aid of atomistic modelling, can be explained as a self-organised pattern of nano Dauphine twins (nano electrical twins).
Co-doping of Ag into Mn:ZnSe Quantum Dots: Giving Optical Filtering effect with Improved Monochromaticity
Authors: Hu Zhiyang , Xu Shuhong , Xu Xiaojing , Wang Zhaochong , Wang Zhuyuan , Wang Chunlei , Cui Yiping 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn optics, when polychromatic light is filtered by an optical filter, the monochromaticity of the light can be improved. In this work, we reported that Ag dopant atoms could be used as an optical filter for nanosized Mn:ZnSe quantum dots (QDs). If no Ag doping, aqueous Mn:ZnSe QDs have low monochromaticity due to coexisting of strong ZnSe band gap emission, ZnSe trap emission and Mn dopant emission. After doping of Ag into QDs, ZnSe band gap and ZnSe trap emissions can be filtered, leaving only Mn dopant emission with improved monochromaticity. The mechanism for the optical filtering effect of Ag was investigated. The results indicate that the doping of Ag will introduce a new faster deactivation process from ZnSe conduction band to Ag energy level, leading to less electrons deactived via ZnSe band gap emission and ZnSe trap emission. As a result, only Mn dopant emission is left.
On-chip sub-terahertz surface plasmon polariton transmission lines in CMOS
Authors: Liang Yuan , Yu Hao , Zhang Hao Chi , Yang Chang , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA low-loss and low-crosstalk surface-wave transmission line (T-line) is demonstrated at sub-THz in CMOS. By introducing periodical sub-wavelength structures onto the metal transmission line, surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) are excited and propagate signals via a strongly localized surface wave. Two coupled SPP T-lines and two quasi-TEM T-lines are both fabricated on-chip, each with a separation distance of 2.4 μm using standard 65 nm CMOS technology. Measurement results show that the SPP T-lines achieve wideband reflection coefficient lower than −14 dB and crosstalk ratio better than −24 dB, which is 19 dB lower on average than the traditional T-lines from 220 GHz to 325 GHz. The demonstrated compact and wideband SPP T-lines have shown great potential for future realization of highly dense on-chip sub-THz communications in CMOS.
Hetero-modification of TRAIL trimer for improved drug delivery and in vivo antitumor activities
Authors: Pan Li-Qiang , Zhao Wen-Bin , Lai Jun , Ding Ding , Wei Xiao-Yue , Li Yang-Yang , Liu Wen-Hui , Yang Xiao-Yue , Xu Ying-Chun , Chen Shu-Qing 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPoor pharmacokinetics and resistance within some tumor cell lines have been the major obstacles during the preclinical or clinical application of TRAIL (tumor-necrosis-factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand). The half-life of TRAIL114-281 (114 to 281 amino acids) was revealed to be no more than 30 minutes across species. Therefore maleimido activated PEG (polyethylene glycol) and MMAE (Monomethyl Auristatin E) were applied to site-specifically conjugate with the mutated cysteines from different monomers of TRAIL successively, taking advantage of steric effects involved within TRAIL mutant conjugations. As a result, TRAIL trimer was hetero-modified for different purposes. And the resulting PEG-TRAIL-vcMMAE conjugate exhibited dramatically improved half-life (11.54 h), favourable in vivo targeting capability and antitumor activities while no sign of toxicity in xenograft models, suggesting it’s a viable therapeutic and drug delivery strategy.
Highly Efficient CYP167A1 (EpoK) dependent Epothilone B Formation and Production of 7-Ketone Epothilone D as a New Epothilone Derivative
Authors: Kern Fredy , Dier Tobias K. F. , Khatri Yogan , Ewen Kerstin M. , Jacquot Jean-Pierre , Volmer Dietrich A. , Bernhardt Rita 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSince their discovery in the soil bacterium Sorangium cellulosum, epothilones have emerged as a valuable substance class with promising anti-tumor activity. Because of their benefits in the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, epothilones are targets for drug design and pharmaceutical research. The final step of their biosynthesis – a cytochrome P450 mediated epoxidation of epothilone C/D to A/B by CYP167A1 (EpoK) – needs significant improvement, in particular regarding the efficiency of its redox partners. Therefore, we have investigated the ability of various hetero- and homologous redox partners to transfer electrons to EpoK. Hereby, a new hybrid system was established with conversion rates eleven times higher and Vmax of more than seven orders of magnitudes higher as compared with the previously described spinach redox chain. This hybrid system is the most efficient redox chain for EpoK described to date. Furthermore, P450s from So ce56 were identified which are able to convert epothilone D to 14-OH, 21-OH, 26-OH epothilone D and 7-ketone epothilone D. The latter one represents a novel epothilone derivative and is a suitable candidate for pharmacological tests. The results revealed myxobacterial P450s from S. cellulosum So ce56 as promising candidates for protein engineering for biotechnological production of epothilone derivatives.
Oxygen Defect-Induced Metastability in Oxide Semiconductors Probed by Gate Pulse Spectroscopy
Authors: Lee Sungsik , Nathan Arokia , Jeon Sanghun , Robertson John 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe investigate instability mechanisms in amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O transistors based on bias and illumination stress-recovery experiments coupled with analysis using stretched exponentials and inverse Laplace transform to retrieve the distribution of activation energies associated with metastable oxygen defects. Results show that the recovery process after illumination stress is persistently slow by virtue of defect states with a broad range, 0.85 eV to 1.38 eV, suggesting the presence of ionized oxygen vacancies and interstitials. We also rule out charge trapping/detrapping events since this requires a much smaller activation energy ~0.53 eV and which tends to be much quicker. These arguments are supported by measurements using a novel gate-pulse spectroscopy probing technique that reveals the post-stress ionized oxygen defect profile, including anti-bonding states within the conduction band.
The antiviral drug ganciclovir does not inhibit microglial proliferation and activation
Authors: Skripuletz Thomas , Salinas Tejedor Laura , Prajeeth Chittappen K. , Hansmann Florian , Chhatbar Chintan , Kucman Valeria , Zhang Ning , Raddatz Barbara B. , Detje Claudia N. , Sühs Kurt-Wolfram , Pul Refik , Gudi Viktoria , Kalinke Ulrich , Baumgärtner Wolfgang , Stangel Martin 
Published: October 2015

AbstractGanciclovir is effective in the treatment of human infections with viruses of the Herpesviridae family. Beside antiviral properties, recently ganciclovir was described to inhibit microglial proliferation and disease severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an inflammatory model of multiple sclerosis. Microglial activation and proliferation are main characteristics of neuroinflammatory CNS diseases and inhibition of microglial functions might be beneficial in autoimmune diseases, or detrimental in infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to determine potential inhibitory effects of ganciclovir in three different murine animal models of CNS neuroinflammation in which microglia play an important role: Theiler´s murine encephalomyelitis, the cuprizone model of de- and remyelination and the vesicular stomatitis virus encephalitis model. In addition, in vitro experiments with microglial cultures were performed to test the hypothesis that ganciclovir inhibits microglial proliferation. In all three animal models, neither microglial proliferation or recruitment nor disease activity was changed by ganciclovir. In vitro experiments confirmed that microglial proliferation was not affected by ganciclovir. In conclusion, our results show that the antiviral drug ganciclovir does not inhibit microglial activation and proliferation in the murine CNS.
Highly informative marker sets consisting of genes with low individual degree of differential expression
Authors: Galatenko V. V. , Shkurnikov M. Yu. , Samatov T. R. , Galatenko A. V. , Mityakina I. A. , Kaprin A. D. , Schumacher U. , Tonevitsky A. G. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractGenes with significant differential expression are traditionally used to reveal the genetic background underlying phenotypic differences between cancer cells. We hypothesized that informative marker sets can be obtained by combining genes with a relatively low degree of individual differential expression. We developed a method for construction of highly informative gene combinations aimed at the maximization of the cumulative informative power and identified sets of 2–5 genes efficiently predicting recurrence for ER-positive breast cancer patients. The gene combinations constructed on the basis of microarray data were successfully applied to data acquired by RNA-seq. The developed method provides the basis for the generation of highly efficient prognostic and predictive gene signatures for cancer and other diseases. The identified gene sets can potentially reveal novel essential segments of gene interaction networks and pathways implied in cancer progression.
Epigenetic changes and alternate promoter usage by human colon cancers for expressing DCLK1-isoforms: Clinical Implications
Authors: O’Connell Malaney R. , Sarkar Shubhashish , Luthra Gurinder K. , Okugawa Yoshinaga , Toiyama Yuji , Gajjar Aakash H. , Qiu Suimin , Goel Ajay , Singh Pomila 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDCLK1 specifically marks colon/pancreatic cancers in mice and is expressed by human colon adenocarcinomas (hCRCs). Down-regulation of DCLK1 results in loss of cancer-stem-cells (CSCs) and inhibits spheroidal/xenograft growths from hCRC-cells. The 5′-promoter of DCLK1-gene is reportedly hypermethylated in hCRCs, resulting in loss of expression of DCLK1-transcripts, originating from 5′(α)-promoter (termed DCLK1-L, in here). However, in mouse colon-tumors, 5′-promoter of DCLK1-gene remains unchanged and DCLK1-L, originating from 5′(α)-promoter, is expressed. We hypothesized that elevated levels of DCLK1-protein in hCRC-cells, may be transcribed/translated from an alternate-promoter. Several in silico and molecular biology approaches were used to test our hypothesis. We report for the first time that majority of hCRCs express short-transcripts of DCLK1 (termed DCLK1-S, in here) from an alternate β-promoter in IntronV of the gene, while normal-colons mainly express DCLK1-L from 5′(α)-promoter. We additionally report an important role of β-catenin and TCF4/LEF binding-sites for activating (α)-promoter, while activated NF-κBp65 (bound to NF-κB-cis-element), activates (β)-promoter in cancer-cells. DCLK1-S expression was examined in a cohort of 92 CRC patients; high-expressors had significantly worse overall-survival compared to low-expressors. Our novel findings’ regarding usage of alternate (β)-promoter by hCRCs, suggests that DCLK1-S may represent an important target for preventing/inhibiting colon-cancers and for eliminating colon-CSCs.
Broadband low‐cost waveguide windows for millimetre‐wave components
Authors: Fang Yong , Zeng Baoqing , Yu Lei , Gao Peng , Zhang Hai , Wei Xubo 
Published: October 2015

A broadband low‐cost waveguide window for millimetre‐wave component sealing is proposed. The waveguide window includes two RT/Duroid5880 substrates and a quarter‐wavelength waveguide. The back‐to‐back waveguide sealed windows are designed and tested. From 75 to 100 GHz, the return loss is higher than 15 dB, insertion loss is lower than 0.7 dB, and the leakage rate is <8 × 10−8 Pa. m3/s.
High‐resolution synthetic aperture radar based on the IEEE 802.11 protocol
Authors: Shi Jun , Liu Yang , Liu Wei , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: October 2015

This is a feasibility study for developing low‐cost synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems based on the IEEE 802.11ac protocol. The baseband module of IEEE 802.11ac is found to be similar to SAR, and its frequency coverage is wide enough to meet the requirement of high‐resolution SAR imaging. By using the subbands merging technique, the spatial resolution can reach 0.5 m × 0.5 m.
Differential‐fed UWB patch antenna with triple band‐notched characteristics
Authors: Tang Zhaoyang , Lian Ruina , Yin Yingzeng 
Published: October 2015

A differential‐fed ultra‐wideband patch antenna with triple band‐notched characteristics is proposed. The antenna consists of an octagonal slot ground and two quasi‐square radiating patches. By employing split‐ring resonators (SRRs) etched on the radiating patch and complementary SRRs etched on the ground plane, triple‐notched bands are obtained to filter the 3.5 GHz WiMAX, 5.5 GHz WLAN and 8 GHz ITU bands. The measured 10 dB impedance bandwidth is from 2.55 to 10.86 GHz, along with triple‐notched bands of 3.21–3.86, 4.93–6.13 and 7.87–8.89 GHz. In addition, the proposed antenna achieves relatively low cross‐polarisation and stable gain. Good agreement is achieved between the simulated and the measured results.
Flexible low‐cost cardiovascular risk marker biosensor for point‐of‐care applications
Authors: Sivashankar S. , Sapsanis C. , Buttner U. , Salama K.N. 
Published: October 2015

The detection and quantification of protein on a laser written flexible substrate for point‐of‐care applications are described. A unique way of etching gold on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate is demonstrated by reducing the damage that may be caused on PET sheets otherwise. On the basis of the quantity of the C‐reactive protein (CRP) present in the sample, the risk of cardiac disease can be assessed. This hsCRP test is incorporated to detect the presence of CRP on a PET laser patterned biosensor. Concentrations of 1, 2, and 10 mg/l were chosen to assess the risk of cardiac diseases as per the limits set by the American Heart Association.
French Musicology and the Musical Press (1900–14): The Case of La revue musicale, Le mercure musical and La revue musicale SIM
Authors: Duchesneau Michel 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThis article uses the case study of the Revue musicale, founded by Jules Combarieu and Romain Rolland in 1901, to analyse the shape of French musicology at the outset of the twentieth century and, in particular, how social issues surrounding research in the social sciences had an important influence on the orientation of the discipline in subsequent decades. Occupying a position at the heart of French musicological activity in the early years of the century, the project was quickly challenged, leading to the creation of the Mercure musical in 1905, which would eventually become the Revue musicale SIM, published by the Société Internationale de Musique (Section de Paris), in November 1909. After an initial presentation of the journal's editorial project, the article then analyses the founders’ intellectual objectives and explores the links between the journal's structure, its anticipated objectives and the evolution of the discipline through the various publications that followed.
Creating Harmonious Subjects? Ballads, Psalms and Godly Songs for Queen Elizabeth I's Accession Day
Authors: Butler Katherine 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTQueen Elizabeth I (1558–1603) was the first monarch whose Accession Day (17 November) became an occasion for celebration. Poetic tributes to the day frequently evoked images of singing, music-making and dancing, evidence of which can be found in extant single-sheet publications, manuscripts and prayer books, as well as records of now-lost songs in the Stationers’ Register. These songs for Elizabeth's Accession Day reveal how cheaply printed or orally circulated music could become a medium for royal propaganda. Such genres spanned diverse social classes and contexts: from the educated to the illiterate, from street to church; from private household devotions to civic festivities. This countrywide singing was officially encouraged by church and government, as well as fuelled by the local enthusiasm of civic or parish authorities, individual households and commercial printers. It both created an image of England as a harmonious kingdom and attempted to instil such unity in difficult times.
Bridging Divides: Verdi's Requiem in Post-Unification Italy
Authors: Vella Francesca 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThis article addresses the early Italian reception of Verdi's Messa da Requiem (1874), premièred in Milan on the first anniversary of the death of the novelist Alessandro Manzoni. Previous literature has focused on issues of musical genre and the work's political implications (particularly its connections with Manzoni and with late nineteenth-century Italian revivals of ‘old’ sacred music). The article examines, instead, the curiously pluralistic concerns of contemporary critics, as well as certain aspects of Verdi's vocal writing, with the aim of destabilizing traditional dichotomies such as old/new, sacred/operatic, vocal/instrumental and progress/crisis. It argues for more broad-ranging political resonances of Verdi's work, suggesting that the negotiation of a variety of boundaries both in Verdi's music and in its contemporary discussion made the Requiem dovetail with wider cultural attempts to define Italian identity.
Sound of Body: Music, Sports and Health in Victorian Britain
Authors: Sheppard Jennifer R. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThis article explores ways in which music intersected with the growth of sports in Victorian Britain at the end of the nineteenth century. Although there have been valuable studies of music and sports recently, their main emphasis has been on popular music and contemporary sporting events; a study of the period when playing and watching sports began to acquire its present-day shape has yet to be undertaken. This article moves towards that by examining connections between music and sports through broader social and cultural developments, in particular new ideas about morality, health and physical fitness. It situates commentaries about the healthfulness of music in relation to nineteenth-century discourses about sport, in addition to contextualizing notions of singing and health in the increasing professionalization of Victorian medicine. Finally, this article extends and relocates early twentieth-century encapsulations of singing as physical exercise in the context of concern over degeneration in national fitness.