bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Osteopontin Predicts Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activities
Authors: Komine-Aizawa Shihoko , Masuda Hideki , Mazaki Takerou , Shiono Motomi , Hayakawa Satoshi , Takayama Tadatoshi 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA glycoprotein osteopontin (OPN) is involved in inflammatory diseases, but its roles in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are controversial. To analyze the involvement of the systemic immune response, we simultaneously examined plasma OPN levels and 17 cytokines. This study included 24 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, 17 Crohn's disease (CD) patients, and 23 normal controls. Clinical parameters were also examined. The plasma OPN levels of the UC and CD patients were significantly higher than those of the normal controls and correlated significantly with their clinical activity indices. In the UC patients, significant relationships were observed between the levels of plasma OPN and multiple cytokines, including interleukin (IL) −1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-13, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. In the CD patients, the correlation was not significant except for IL-8. Our findings reflect different inflammatory states of the colon and rectum in both diseases.
Effectiveness of Proton Beam Therapy on Liver Metastases of Esophageal Cancer: Report of a Case
Authors: Muroi Hiroto , Nakajima Masanobu , Satomura Hitoshi , Takahashi Masakazu , Domeki Yasushi , Murakami Masao , Nakamura Tatsuya , Takada Akinori , Kato Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
A 53-year-old man with multiple liver metastasis of esophageal cancer underwent four courses of chemotherapy. After four courses of chemotherapy, positron emission tomography showed progressive disease. Because it was difficult to control the cancer only by chemotherapy, we performed proton beam therapy (PBT) combined with chemotherapy. The irradiated parts were the primary tumor, liver metastases (S2/S4/S6), and mediastinal lymph nodes. The primary tumor including the mediastinal lymph nodes and the S2/S4/S6 metastases received proton beam irradiation at a total dose of 68.2 Gy in 31 fractions and 66.0 Gy in 30 fractions, respectively, according to tumor location. This resulted in a complete response as shown by positron emission tomography. In our experience, PBT exerted a curative effect on liver metastases of esophageal cancer. It is thought that PBT may be effective in the treatment of esophageal cancer. This is the first report about PBT for liver metastases of esophageal cancer.
A Case Report of Idiopathic Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome That Occurred During the Postoperative Period of Abdominoperineal Resection for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ozawa Tsuyoshi , Yamaguchi Hironori , Kiyomatsu Tomomichi , Saito Shinsuke , Ishihara Soichiro , Sunami Eiji , Kitayama Joji , Watanabe Toshiaki 
Published: January 2015

AbstractA 57-year-old woman without any past medical history underwent abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer in our department. On postoperative day 15, the patient complained of sudden abdominal pain, and high fever was noted in addition to the appearance of erythema around the stoma. The diagnosis of phlegmon was made, and antibiotic infusion was started. However, a few days later, the patient developed hypovolemic shock with hypoalbuminemia and hemoconcentration. Fasciotomy was performed to exclude the necrotizing fasciitis, though all cultures were negative. Upon exclusion of the differential diagnoses, idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome (ISCLS) was diagnosed. She was successfully treated with massive fluid infusion under ventilation and continuous hemodiafiltration. Here, we report the first case of ISCLS that occurred during the postoperative period of colorectal surgery.
Cytoreductive Surgery and Heated Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Secondary to Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Appendix
Authors: Sparks David S. , Morris Bradley , Xu Wen , Fulton Jessica , Atkinson Victoria , Meade Brian , Lutton Nicholas 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a radical but effective treatment option for select peritoneal malignancies. We sought to determine our early experience with this method for peritoneal carcinomatosis secondary to mucinous adenocarcinomas of appendiceal origin. As such, we performed a retrospective clinical study of 30 consecutive patients undergoing CRS with planned HIPEC at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, between June 2009 to December 2012, with mucinous adenocarcinomas of the appendix. CRS was performed in 30 patients, 13 received HIPEC intraoperatively and 17 received early postoperative intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) in addition. Mean age was 52.3 years and median hospital stay was 26 days (range 12–190 days). Peritoneal cancer index scores were 0–10 in 6.7% of patients, 11–20 in 20% of patients and &gt;20 in 73.3% of patients. Complete cytoreduction was achieved overall in 21 patients. In total, 106 complications were observed in 28 patients. Ten were grade 3-A, five were grade 3-B and one grade-5 secondary to a fatal PE on day 97. In patients who received HIPEC, there was no difference in disease-free survival (P = 0.098) or overall survival (P = 0.645) between those who received EPIC versus those who did not. This study demonstrates that satisfactory outcomes with regards to morbidity and survival can be achieved with CRS and HIPEC, at a single-centre institution with growing expertise in the technique. Our results are comparable with outcomes previously described in the international literature.
A Single Case of Single-Port Access Laparoscopic Appendectomy During the Puerperium
Authors: Matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Takahashi Takao , Ichikawa Kengo , Yawata Kazunori , Tanahashi Toshiyuki , Imai Hisashi , Sasaki Yoshiyuki , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Okumura Naoki , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Osada Shinji , Yoshida Kazuhiro 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Laparoscopic appendectomy is now widely practiced for the treatment of acute appendicitis. As result of increased demand for minimally invasive surgery, single-incision access was introduced and is being performed in various abdominal surgeries. Conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) is gradually being performed in pregnant women. A 33-year-old woman was referred to our department at 39 weeks and 1 day of gestation due to abdominal pain. She was aware of her gastroepiploic pain even after the delivery. Though it was past 2 days, she was not recovering from right lower abdominal pain, so she was transferred to the Department of Gynecology at our hospital on the same day. Although an antibiotic was administered, the right abdominal pain did not improve, and she was referred to our department from the Department of Gynecology. We performed single-port LA (SP-LA). The total operation time was 63 minutes, and the estimated blood loss was 0 mL. She was discharged with no complications on postoperative day 7. We report our initial experience with single-port LA (SP-LA) using the glove technique for treatment of acute appendicitis in a postpartum woman. SP-LA using the glove technique was performed successfully during the puerperium without prolongation of operation time. This approach is less invasive, offers a much better cosmetic result than with conventional methods, and can be performed safely and at low cost.
Crustal thickness variations and isostatic disequilibrium across the North Anatolian Fault, western Turkey
Authors: Frederiksen A. W. , Thompson D. A. , Rost S. , Cornwell D. G. , Gülen L. , Houseman G. A. , Kahraman M. , Poyraz S. A. , Teoman U. M. , Türkelli N. , Utkucu M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe use teleseismic recordings from a dense array of seismometers straddling both strands of the North Anatolian Fault Zone to determine crustal thickness, P/S velocity ratio and sedimentary layer thickness. To do this, we implement a new grid search inversion scheme based on the use of transfer functions, removing the need for deconvolution for source normalization and therefore eliminating common problems associated with crustal‐scale receiver function analysis. We achieve a good fit to the data except at several stations located in Quaternary sedimentary basins, where our two‐layer crustal model is likely to be inaccurate. We find two zones of thick sedimentary material: one north of the northern fault branch, and one straddling the southern branch. The crustal thickness increases sharply north of the northern strand of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), where the fault nearly coincides with the trace of the Intra‐Pontide Suture; the velocity ratio changes across the southern fault strand, indicating a change in basement composition. We interpret these changes to indicate that both strands of the NAFZ follow preexisting geological boundaries rather than being ideally aligned with the stress field. The thick crust north of the northern NAFZ strand is associated with low topography and so is inconsistent with simple models of isostatic equilibrium, requiring a contribution from mantle density variations, such as possible loading from underthrust Black Sea oceanic lithosphere.
Continuous monitoring of snowpack displacement at high spatial and temporal resolution with terrestrial radar interferometry
Authors: Caduff Rafael , Wiesmann Andreas , Bühler Yves , Pielmeier Christine 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTerrestrial radar interferometry is used in geotechnical applications for monitoring hazardous Earth or rock movements. In this study, we use it to continuously monitor snowpack displacements. As test site, the Dorfberg slope at Davos, Switzerland, was measured continuously during March 2014. The line of sight displacement was retrieved at a spatial resolution of millimeter to centimeter and a temporal resolution of up to 1 min independent of visibility. The results reveal several temperature‐driven diurnal acceleration and deceleration cycles. The initiation of a small full‐depth glide avalanche was observed after 50 cm total differential displacement. The maximum measured displacement of another differential glide area reached 43 cm/h without resulting in a full‐depth avalanche even after a total measured differential displacement of 4.5 m. In regard of the difficulty to predict full‐depth glide avalanches on the regional scale, the presented method has big potential for operational snow glide monitoring on critical slopes.
Coastal cliff ground motions and response to extreme storm waves
Authors: Earlie Claire S. , Young Adam P. , Masselink Gerd , Russell Paul E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractCoastal cliff erosion from storm waves is observed worldwide, but the processes are notoriously difficult to measure during extreme storm wave conditions when most erosion normally occurs, limiting our understanding of cliff processes. Over January–February 2014, during the largest Atlantic storms in at least 60 years with deepwater significant wave heights of 6–8 m, cliff‐top ground motions showed vertical ground displacements in excess of 50–100 µm; an order of magnitude larger than observations made previously. Repeat terrestrial laser scanner surveys over a 2 week period encompassing the extreme storms gave a cliff face volume loss of 2 orders of magnitude larger than the long‐term erosion rate. The results imply that erosion of coastal cliffs exposed to extreme storm waves is highly episodic and that long‐term rates of cliff erosion will depend on the frequency and severity of extreme storm wave impacts.
Impact of Greenland orography on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Authors: Davini P. , von Hardenberg J. , Filippi L. , Provenzale A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe show that the absence of the Greenland ice sheet would have important consequences on the North Atlantic Ocean circulation, even without taking into account the effect of the freshwater input to the ocean from ice melting. These effects are investigated in a 600year long coupled ocean‐atmosphere simulation with the high‐resolution global climate model EC‐Earth 3.0.1. Once a new equilibrium is established, a cooling of Eurasia and of the North Atlantic and a poleward shift of the subtropical jet are observed. These hemispheric changes are ascribed to a weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) by about 12%. We attribute this slowdown to a reduction in salinity of the Arctic basin and to the related change of the mass and salt transport through the Fram Strait—a consequence of the new surface wind pattern over the lower orography. This idealized experiment illustrates the sensitivity of the AMOC to local surface winds.
Attenuation of particulate organic carbon flux in the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, is controlled by zooplankton fecal pellets
Authors: Cavan E. L. , Le Moigne F. A. C. , Poulton A. J. , Tarling G. A. , Ward P. , Daniels C. J. , Fragoso G. M. , Sanders R. J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe Southern Ocean (SO) is an important CO2 reservoir, some of which enters via the production, sinking, and remineralization of organic matter. Recent work suggests that the fraction of production that sinks is inversely related to production in the SO, a suggestion that we confirm from 20 stations in the Scotia Sea. The efficiency with which exported material is transferred to depth (transfer efficiency) is believed to be low in high‐latitude systems. However, our estimates of transfer efficiency are bimodal, with stations in the seasonal ice zone showing intense losses and others displaying increases in flux with depth. Zooplankton fecal pellets dominated the organic carbon flux and at stations with transfer efficiency >100% fecal pellets were brown, indicative of fresh phytodetritus. We suggest that active flux mediated by zooplankton vertical migration and the presence of sea ice regulates the transfer of organic carbon into the oceans interior in the Southern Ocean.
The recent global warming hiatus: What is the role of Pacific variability?
Authors: Douville H. , Voldoire A. , Geoffroy O. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe observed global mean surface air temperature (GMST) has not risen over the last 15 years, spurring outbreaks of skepticism regarding the nature of global warming and challenging the upper range transient response of the current‐generation global climate models. Recent numerical studies have, however, tempered the relevance of the observed pause in global warming by highlighting the key role of tropical Pacific internal variability. Here we first show that many climate models overestimate the influence of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation on GMST, thereby shedding doubt on their ability to capture the tropical Pacific contribution to the hiatus. Moreover, we highlight that model results can be quite sensitive to the experimental design. We argue that overriding the surface wind stress is more suitable than nudging the sea surface temperature for controlling the tropical Pacific ocean heat uptake and, thereby, the multidecadal variability of GMST. Using the former technique, our model captures several aspects of the recent climate evolution, including the weaker slowdown of global warming over land and the transition toward a negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Yet the observed global warming is still overestimated not only over the recent 1998–2012 hiatus period but also over former decades, thereby suggesting that the model might be too sensitive to the prescribed radiative forcings.
Unusual depletion of OI 630.0 nm dayglow and simultaneous mesopause heating during the penetration of interplanetary electric field over dip equator
Authors: Sumod S. G. , Pant T. K. , Vineeth C. , Hossain M. M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractEvidence for simultaneous changes in the thermosphere and mesopause associated with penetration electric fields using the OI 630.0 nm and OH (8, 3) dayglow measurements are presented. An unusual decrease in the thermospheric OI 630.0 nm dayglow and an intense heating (~30 K) at OH emission altitudes over a magnetic dip equatorial station, Trivandrum, India, were observed on 9 April 2006, coincident with the penetration of a noontime westward interplanetary electric field. The Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry observations on board TIMED satellite also revealed heating at the mesopause heights during this period. In addition, ionosonde and magnetometer observations indicated the presence of strong penetration electric fields. We propose that strong heating at the mesopause resulted in the intrusion of additional neutrals, like N2, into the emission altitudes and quenched the O(1D) atoms therein. The reduced Cowling conductivity at the E region inferred using magnetometer observations further corroborates this proposed mechanism.
Ionospheric response to CIR‐induced recurrent geomagnetic activity during the declining phase of solar cycle 23
Authors: Chen Yanhong , Wang Wenbin , Burns Alan G. , Liu Siqing , Gong Jiancun , Yue Xinan , Jiang Guoying , Coster Anthea 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis paper presents an epoch analysis of global ionosphere responses to recurrent geomagnetic activity during 79 corotating interaction region (CIR) events from 2004 to 2009. The data used were GPS total electron content (TEC) data from the Madrigal Database at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory and the electron density (Ne) data obtained from CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) observations. The results show that global ionosphere responses to CIR events have some common features. In high and middle latitudes, the total electron content (TEC) showed a significant positive response (increased electron densities) in the first epoch day. A negative TEC response occurred at high latitudes of the American sector following the positive response. The CHAMP Ne showed a daytime positive response in all latitudes and a nighttime negative response in the subauroral region. These negative TEC and Ne responses were found to be related to thermospheric composition (O/N2) changes during the storms. At all latitudes, the maximum of the TEC positive effect always occurred at 2–6 h after the CIR starting during local daytime and 10–18 h later for the CIR onset during local nighttime. Case studies indicate that the TEC and Ne positive response had a strong dependence on the southward component (Bz) of the interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind speed. This suggests that penetration electric fields that were associated with changes in solar winds might play a significant role in the positive ionospheric response to storms. During the recovery time of the CIR‐produced geomagnetic activity, the TEC positive disturbance at low latitudes sometimes could last for 2–4 days, whereas at middle to high latitudes the disturbance lasted only for 1 day in most cases. A comparison of the ionospheric responses between the American, European and Asian sectors shows that the ionosphere response in the North American sector was stronger than that in the other two regions. The response of foF2 to the CIR events in middle to high latitudes showed a negative response for 2–3 days after the first epoch day. This is different from the response of TEC, which was mostly positive during the same period of time.
On the onset of ionospheric precursors 40 min before strong earthquakes
Authors: Masci F. , Thomas J. N. , Villani F. , Secan J. A. , Rivera N. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractHeki (2011) and Heki and Enomoto (2013) claimed that anomalous, yet similar, increases of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) started ~40 min prior to the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki, as well as before other Mw > 8 earthquakes. The authors concluded that the reported TEC anomalies were likely related to the pending earthquakes, suggesting also that TEC monitoring may be useful for future earthquake prediction. Here we carefully examine the findings of Heki (2011) and Heki and Enomoto (2013) by performing new analyses of the same TEC data. Our interpretation is that the 40 min onset of the ionospheric precursors is an artifact induced by the definition of the reference line adopted in analyzing TEC variations. We also discuss this repeatability in the tectonic and geodynamic context of the earthquakes. By performing a Superimposed Epoch Analysis of TEC data, we show that, however, the TEC increase reported by Heki (2011) was not particularly anomalous. We conclude that the TEC precursors reported by Heki (2011) and Heki and Enomoto (2013) are not useful for developing short‐term earthquake prediction capabilities.
Optical observations of meteors generating infrasound: Weak shock theory and validation
Authors: Silber Elizabeth A. , Brown Peter G. , Krzeminski Zbigniew 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe have recorded a data set of 24 cm sized meteoroids detected simultaneously by video and infrasound to critically examine the ReVelle (1974) weak shock meteor infrasound model. We find that the effect of gravity wave perturbations to the wind field and updated absorption coefficients in the linear regime on the initial value of the blast radius (R0), which is the strongly nonlinear zone of shock propagation near the body and corresponds to energy deposition per path length, is relatively small (<10%). Using optical photometry for ground truth for energy deposition, we find that the ReVelle model accurately predicts blast radii from infrasound periods (τ) but systematically underpredicts R0 using pressure amplitude. If the weak shock to linear propagation distortion distance is adjusted as part of the modeling process, we are able to self‐consistently fit a single blast radius value for amplitude and period. In this case, the distortion distance is always much less (usually just a few percent) than the value of 10% assumed in the ReVelle model. Our study shows that fragmentation is an important process even for centimeter‐sized meteoroids, implying that R0, while a good measure of energy deposition by the meteoroid, is not a reliable means of obtaining the meteoroid mass. We derived an empirical period‐blast radius relation of the form R0 = 15.4τ − 0.5 (τ ≤ 0.7 s) and R0 = 29.1τ − 11.6 (τ > 0.7 s) appropriate to centimeter‐sized meteoroids. Our observations suggest that meteors having blast radii as small as 1 m are detectable infrasonically at the ground, an order of magnitude smaller than previously considered.