bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of baseline patient‐reported dysphagia on acute gastrostomy placement in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma undergoing definitive radiation
Authors: Lango Miriam N. , Galloway Thomas J. , Mehra Ranee , Ebersole Barbara , Liu Jeffrey Chang‐Jen , Moran Kathleen , Ridge John A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundDysphagia‐related symptoms in patients with head and neck cancer are common before treatment. We hypothesized greater self‐reported baseline dysphagia would predict gastrostomy placement during primary radiation.MethodsSwallowing‐specific/general surveys (SwalQOL/EuroQOL) collected prospectively before definitive radiation were analyzed for associations with gastrostomy placement. Prophylactic gastrostomy was recommended at the discretion of a multidisciplinary team blinded to the surveys.ResultsOf 84 patients in the cohort, 42 patients (50%) received feeding tubes. Eleven patients (13%) who underwent prophylactic feeding tube placement reported the greatest pretreatment dysphagia, whereas those who avoided gastrostomies reported the least. Prophylactic gastrostomy was more strongly associated with patient‐reported measures than other clinical criteria. Controlling for stage IV, T3 to T4 classification, smoking, chemotherapy, and pretreatment weight loss, baseline dysphagia remained an independent predictor of feeding tube placement (odds ratio [OR] = 0.12; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.05–0.55; p = .01). Patients without gastrostomies during treatment avoided persistent gastrostomy dependence.ConclusionBaseline dysphagia‐related symptoms before radiation are independent predictors of gastrostomy placement. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1318–E1324, 2016
Impact of lateral flow and spatial scaling on the simulation of semi‐arid urban land surfaces in an integrated hydrologic and land surface model
Authors: Reyes Bryant , Maxwell Reed M. , Hogue Terri S. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractUnderstanding and representing hydrologic fluxes in the urban environment is challenging because of fine scale land cover heterogeneity and lack of coherent scaling relationships. Here, the impact of urban land cover heterogeneity, scale, and configuration on the hydrologic and surface energy budget (SEB) is assessed using an integrated, coupled land surface/hydrologic model at high spatial resolutions. Archetypes of urban land cover are simulated at varying resolutions using both the National Land Cover Database (NLCD; 30 m) and an ultra high‐resolution land cover dataset (0.6 m). The analysis shows that the impact of highly organized, yet heterogeneous, land cover typical of the urban domain can cause large variations in hydrologic and energy fluxes within areas of similar land cover. The lateral flow processes that occur within each simulation create variations in overland flow of up to ±200% and ±4% in evapotranspiration. The impact on the SEB is smaller and largely restricted to the wet season for our semi‐arid forcing scenarios. Finally, we find that this seasonal bias, predominantly caused by lateral flow, is displaced by a systematic diurnal bias at coarser resolutions caused by deficiencies in the method used for scaling of land surface and hydrologic parameters. As a result of this research, we have produced land surface parameters for the widely used NLCD urban land cover types. This work illustrates the impact of processes that remain unrepresented in traditional high‐resolutions land surface models and how they may affect results and uncertainty in modeling of local water resources and climate. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time‐varying Predictability for Stock Returns, Dividend Growth and Consumption Growth
Authors: McMillan David G. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractUsing a state‐space model, this paper examines time variation in the predictive regressions for stock returns, dividend growth and consumption growth. Moreover, we linked time variation explicitly to movements in economic factors that can account for risk and cash flow. Results support the view that stock return predictability is enhanced when risk is high (negative growth, higher volatility and positive growth/return covariance). In contrast, dividend growth and consumption growth predictability is enhanced during economic expansions. These results are supported by subsample analysis and a vector autoregressive approach. Furthermore, these latter exercises may uncover differences in the stock return predictability relationship when viewed over different time horizons. Overall, the paper contributes to the literature by highlighting the different nature of returns predictability, which arises largely through the risk channel, and dividend and consumption growth predictability, which arise through the cash flow channel. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Online Dating on Assortative Mating: Evidence from South Korea
Authors: Lee Soohyung 
Published: September 2015

SummaryOnline dating services have increased in popularity around the world, but a lack of quality data hinders our understanding of their role in family formation. This paper studies the effect of online dating services on marital sorting, using a novel dataset with verified information on people and their spouses. Estimates based on matching techniques suggest that, relative to other spouse search methods, online dating promotes marriages that exhibit weaker sorting along occupation and geographical proximity but stronger sorting along education and other demographic traits. Sensitivity analysis, including the Rosenbaum Bounds approach, suggests that online dating's impact on marital sorting is robust to potential selection bias. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A resorbable antibiotic eluting bone void filler for periprosthetic joint infection prevention
Authors: Jones Zachary , Brooks Amanda E. , Ferrell Zachary , Grainger David W. , Sinclair Kristofer D. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPeriprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total knee arthroplasty is a globally increasing procedural complication. These infections are difficult to treat and typically require revision surgery. Antibiotic‐loaded bone cement is frequently utilized to deliver antibiotics to the site of infection; however, bone cement is a nondegrading foreign body and known to leach its antibiotic load, after an initial burst release, at subtherapeutic concentrations for months. This work characterized a resorbable, antibiotic‐eluting bone void filler designed to restore bone volume and prevent PJI. Three device formulations were fabricated, consisting of different combinations of synthetic inorganic bone graft material, degradable polymer matrices, salt porogens, and antibiotic tobramycin. These formulations were examined to determine the antibiotic's elution kinetics and bactericidal potential, the device's degradation in vitro, as well as osteoconductivity and device resorption in vivo using a pilot rabbit bone implant model. Kirby‐Bauer antibiotic susceptibility tests assessed bactericidal activity. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry measured antibiotic elution kinetics, and scanning electron microscopy was used to qualitatively assess degradation. Results indicated sustained antibiotic release from all three formulations above the Staphylococcus aureus minimum inhibitory concentration for a period of 5 to 8 weeks. Extensive degradation was observed with the Group 3 formulation after 90 days in phosphate‐buffered saline, with a lesser degree of degradation observed in the other two formulations. Results from the pilot rabbit study showed the Group 3 device to be biocompatible, with minimal inflammatory response and no fibrous encapsulation in bone. The device was also highly osteoconductive—exhibiting an accelerated mineral apposition rate. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1632–1642, 2016.
Vertebral Strength and Estimated Fracture Risk Across the BMI Spectrum in Women
Authors: Bachmann Katherine N , Bruno Alexander G , Bredella Miriam A , Schorr Melanie , Lawson Elizabeth A , Gill Corey M , Singhal Vibha , Meenaghan Erinne , Gerweck Anu V , Eddy Kamryn T , Ebrahimi Seda , Koman Stuart L , Greenblatt James M , Keane Robert J , Weigel Thomas , Dechant Esther , Misra Madhusmita , Klibanski Anne , Bouxsein Mary L , Miller Karen K 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT

Somewhat paradoxically, fracture risk, which depends on applied loads and bone strength, is elevated in both anorexia nervosa and obesity at certain skeletal sites. Factor-of-risk (Φ), the ratio of applied load to bone strength, is a biomechanically based method to estimate fracture risk; theoretically, higher Φ reflects increased fracture risk. We estimated vertebral strength (linear combination of integral volumetric bone mineral density [Int.vBMD] and cross-sectional area from quantitative computed tomography [QCT]), vertebral compressive loads, and Φ at L4 in 176 women (65 anorexia nervosa, 45 lean controls, and 66 obese). Using biomechanical models, applied loads were estimated for: 1) standing; 2) arms flexed 90°, holding 5 kg in each hand (holding); 3) 45° trunk flexion, 5 kg in each hand (lifting); 4) 20° trunk right lateral bend, 10 kg in right hand (bending). We also investigated associations of Int.vBMD and vertebral strength with lean mass (from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT, from QCT). Women with anorexia nervosa had lower, whereas obese women had similar, Int.vBMD and estimated vertebral strength compared with controls. Vertebral loads were highest in obesity and lowest in anorexia nervosa for standing, holding, and lifting (p &lt; 0.0001) but were highest in anorexia nervosa for bending (p &lt; 0.02). Obese women had highest Φ for standing and lifting, whereas women with anorexia nervosa had highest Φ for bending (p &lt; 0.0001). Obese and anorexia nervosa subjects had higher Φ for holding than controls (p &lt; 0.03). Int.vBMD and estimated vertebral strength were associated positively with lean mass (R = 0.28 to 0.45, p ≤ 0.0001) in all groups combined and negatively with VAT (R = –[0.36 to 0.38], p &lt; 0.003) within the obese group. Therefore, women with anorexia nervosa had higher estimated vertebral fracture risk (Φ) for holding and bending because of inferior vertebral strength. Despite similar vertebral strength as controls, obese women had higher vertebral fracture risk for standing, holding, and lifting because of higher applied loads from higher body weight. Examining the load-to-strength ratio helps explain increased fracture risk in both low-weight and obese women. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Real‐time ultrasound‐guided placement of a pigtail catheter in supine position for draining pleural effusion in pediatric patients who have undergone liver transplantation
Authors: Miraglia Roberto , Maruzzelli Luigi , Piazza Marcello , Gallo Giuseppe , D'Amico Mario , Spada Marco , Vitulo Patrizio , Luca Angelo 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTPurposeUltrasound (US) guidance is currently used for placement of wire‐guided thoracic drains, and its use is associated with a decreased risk of complications. However, most studies conducted to date in this field have been performed on adult patients. The aim of this study was to report the technical success and complication rates observed during real‐time US‐guided placement of a thoracic pigtail catheter in pediatric liver‐transplant recipients with symptomatic pleural effusion.MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective review of the clinical records and images from pediatric liver‐transplant patients with symptomatic pleural effusion who had undergone real‐time US‐guided pleural‐space puncture followed by placement (via the Seldinger technique) of a pigtail catheter for drainage, between May 2006 and June 2014.ResultsWe identified 25 patients who had undergone 41 pigtail catheter–placement procedures during the study period. The patients' mean age (± SD) was 4.2 ± 3.9 years (range, 2 months to 16 years), and their mean weight was 14.2 ± 7.2 kg (range, 4.5–33 kg). Seventeen procedures had been performed in the intensive care unit, and 8, in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. Twelve of the 41 procedures had been performed in patients with altered hemostasis (ie, platelet count < 50 × 103/μl and/or international normalized ratio > 1.5). The size of the pigtail catheters ranged from 5 F to 8.5 F. The technical success rate was 100%, with no major complications such as pneumothorax or hemothorax. Accidental dislocation of the catheter occurred in four patients (9%) over 3–10 days after the first procedure.ConclusionsIn our experience, real‐time US‐guided pleural‐space puncture, performed at bedside, with the patient in the supine position, followed by placement of a pigtail catheter for drainage of effusion, is safe to use and has a high rate of technical success in pediatric patients. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 44:284–289, 2016
Modeling the threshold voltage of PNIN SSOI tunnel field‐effect transistor
Authors: Li Yuchen , Liu Shulin , Tong Jun , Zhang Yan 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this paper, a physically based analytical threshold voltage model for PNIN strained‐silicon‐on‐insulator tunnel field‐effect transistor (PNIN SSOI TFET) is proposed by solving the two‐dimensional (2D) Poisson equation in narrow N+ layer and intrinsic region. In the proposed model, the effect of strain (in terms of equivalent Ge mole fraction), narrow N+ layer and gate dielectric, and so on, is being considered. The validity of the proposed model is verified by comparing the model results with 2D device simulation results. It is demonstrated that the proposed model can correctly predicts the trends in threshold voltage with varying the device parameters. This proposed model can be effectively used to design, simulate, and fabricate the PNIN SSOI TFETs with the desired performance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The correlation between symptoms of definite Meniere's disease and endolymphatic hydrops visualized by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Wu Qianru , Dai Chunfu , Zhao Menglong , Sha Yan 
Published: September 2015

Objective/HypothesisThis study aimed at investigating the correlation between a battery of diagnostic symptoms of definite Meniere's disease (MD) and the degree of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in the inner ear.Study DesignProspective study.MethodsFifty‐four patients diagnosed with unilateral definite MD were enrolled in the study. The hearing levels of all patients at the low, middle, and high frequencies were evaluated. Three‐dimensional fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (3D‐FLAIR) and three‐dimensional real inversion recovery (3D‐real IR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed 24 hours after bilateral intratympanic injection of gadolinium to assess the presence and grading of EH.ResultsVarious degrees of EH were observed in the vestibule and/or each turn of the cochlea in the affected ears of all patients. The duration of MD disease and low‐tone and middle‐tone hearing thresholds were proportional to the extent of EH in the vestibule and cochlear. However, no significant correlation was demonstrated between EH and other aspects of symptoms such as high‐tone hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. Of all subjects, 16.7% exhibited bilateral EH on MRI exam who were diagnosed with unilateral MD based on diagnostic criteria.ConclusionsEH in the inner ear of MD patients exhibits a progressive deteriorative trend over time. Low‐tone and middle‐tone hearing thresholds can indirectly reflect the severity of EH in the cochlea. EH may not be the primary cause of tinnitus and aural fullness in patients with MD. Patients diagnosed with unilateral MD should maintain long‐term regular follow‐ups for the possibility of developing bilateral EH.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 126:974–979, 2016
Film Instability of Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Thin Films Driven by Solvent Annealing and Drying
Authors: Sun Ya‐Sen , Chen Yu‐Chung , Liou Jiun‐You , Su Fan Jun 
Published: September 2015

This paper investigates the film instability and structural evolution of solvent‐annealed polystyrene‐block‐poly(4‐vinylpyridine), P(S‐b‐4VP), as thin films of initially monolayer thickness on bare substrates (SiOx/Si) and substrates coated with end‐grafting PS (PS–SiOx/Si) under tetrahydrofuran vapor. At an early stage of solvent annealing, merging of nanospheres to form nanocylinders produces film rupture, creating small holes within a continuous layer. Because of the connectivity, the coalescence of incipient holes is driven by 2D pressure relaxation. Upon further iterative solvent annealing and drying, flat islands progressively grow outward at the expense of expanding holes until they contact with the edges of holes to form a network‐like cellular structure, and then decay into hemispherical droplets. The capillary driving forces associated with the negative excess interfacial entropy are responsible for the film instability of micelles on PS–SiOx/Si. In contrast, thin P(S‐b‐4VP) films on SiOx/Si reveal only small holes during iterative swelling and drying. The presence of these small holes is ascribed to an incomplete coverage during the merging of nanospheres and the anchoring of P(S‐b‐4VP) chains on SiOx/Si. Adsorption in micellar films has three important effects—retarding the motion of micelles, increasing the film stability, and favoring complete wetting.
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Toward Hybrid Materials: Group Transfer Polymerization of 3‐(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl Methacrylate
Authors: Chung Justin J. , Jones Julian R. , Georgiou Theoni K. 
Published: September 2015

In this study, the group transfer polymerization (GTP) of the functional monomer 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA) is reported to produce polymers of different architectures and topologies. TMSPMA is successfully polymerized and copoly­merized with GTP to produce well‐defined (co)polymers that can be used to fabricate functional hybrid materials like hydrogels and films.image
Shape‐Memory PVDF Exhibiting Switchable Piezoelectricity
Authors: Hoeher Robin , Raidt Thomas , Novak Nikola , Katzenberg Frank , Tiller Joerg C. 
Published: September 2015

In this study, a material is designed which combines the properties of shape‐memory and electroactive polymers. This is achieved by covalent cross‐linking of polyvinylidene fluoride. The resulting polymer network exhibits excellent shape‐memory properties with a storable strain of 200%, and fixity as well as recovery values of 100%. Programming upon rolling induces the transformation from the nonelectroactive α‐phase to the piezoelectric β‐phase. The highest β‐phase content is found to be 83% for a programming strain of 200% affording a d33 value of −30 pm V−1. This is in good accordance with literature known values for piezoelectric properties. Thermal triggering this material does not only result in a shape change but also renders the material nonelectroactive.
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Negative effects of G‐protein‐coupled free fatty acid receptor GPR40 on cell migration and invasion in fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells
Authors: Ishii Shuhei , Kitamura Yuka , Hirane Miku , Tomimatsu Ayaka , Fukushima Kaori , Takahashi Kaede , Fukushima Nobuyuki , Honoki Kanya , Tsujiuchi Toshifumi 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTG‐protein‐coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) and GPR120 mediate a variety of biological functions by the binding of long and medium chain free fatty acids. In the present study, we investigated a role of GPR40 in the pathogenesis of fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells. The GPR40 gene expression was detected in HT1080 cells, but not the GPR120 gene. The cell motile and invasive activities were markedly enhanced by GPR40 knockdown, compared with control cells. To evaluate whether GPR40 is involved in the cellular functions of HT1080 cells during anticancer drug treatment, HT1080 cells were maintained in condition medium containing cisplatin (CDDP) (0.01–1.0 μM) for 6 mo. The expression levels of the GPR40 gene was elevated by the long‐term CDDP treatment in HT1080 cells, while the GPR120 gene expression remained unchanged. The cell motile and invasive activities of HT1080 cells treated with CDDP were significantly lower than those of untreated cells. In gelatin zymography, the activities of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) and MMP‐9 of HT1080 cells were enhanced by the long‐term CDDP treatment. In addition, GW9508 which is an agonist of GPR40 and GPR120 suppressed the cell motile and invasive activities of HT1080 cells treated with CDDP as well as the MMP activation. These results suggest that GPR40 negatively regulates the tumor progression of fibrosarcoma cells. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Radial forearm flap plus Flexor Carpi Radialis tendon in Achilles tendon reconstruction: Surgical technique, functional results, and gait analysis
Authors: Innocenti Marco , Tani Massimiliano , Carulli Christian , Ghezzi Serena , Raspanti Andrea , Menichini Giulio 
Published: September 2015

BackgroundWound dehiscence, infection, and necrosis of tendon and overlying skin are severe complications after open repairs of Achilles tendon. A simultaneous reconstruction should be provided in a single stage operation. We evaluated the outcomes of one of the possible options: the radial forearm free flap with Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) tendon.MethodsBetween 2006 and 2014, six patients affected by infection and necrosis after Achilles tendon open repair underwent multi‐tissutal reconstruction by a composite radial forearm free flap including a vascularized FCR tendon. The mean skin and tendon defect was respectively 9.8 cm × 4.7 cm and 6.5 cm. After reconstruction, patients underwent clinical examination, including the Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) questionnaire, DASH score, MRI study, and a computer‐assisted gait analysis.ResultsAll flaps survived and no complications were recorded. Full weightbearing was allowed within 2 months after surgery. The mean follow‐up was 36.2 months (range 12–96). MRI showed an optimal reconstruction of the tendon. Range of motion was minimally reduced if compared to the contralateral side. Gait analysis showed the recovery of a nearly symmetrical stance phase, time to heel off, and step length of the gate. ATRS and DASH score improved to a mean value of 85.2 (range 83–88) and 8.0 (range 3–15) respectively.ConclusionsThis procedure provided an anatomical reconstruction of the Achilles tendon and skin achieving good and objective functional results; donor site morbidity was limited to the sacrifice of the radial artery, which, in our opinion, is a minor drawback if compared to the quality of the results. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 35:608–614, 2015.