bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Wild Do We Want It? “Wiley” Coyote Versus Fluffy
Authors: Plevin Arlene 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Human relationships with companion animals (cats) and nondomestic, wilder animals (coyotes) are explored in terms of domestic and nondomestic spaces in urban and nonurban settings. What companion animals contribute to and mean to human well-being is considered alongside the perceived need to protect companion animals from wilder animals while allowing them to live naturally, a contested category. Questions related to companion animal/human relationships are explored: do humans romanticize their relationships with their companion animals? Is that to the detriment of other animals’ well-being?
China and the WTO into the Next Decade: Probing the Past and Present as a Path to Understand the Future
Authors: Blanchard Jean-Marc F. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis article surveys the literature on China and the World Trade Organization (WTO) and provides background information on China and the WTO. It also identifies some future research directions for those studying China and the WTO. Other important purposes are to summarise the articles in this special issue and to highlight some of the answers they offer to a variety of question. As useful as it is, the extant literature has various deficiencies. First, it is narrowly focused, emphasising topics such as China’s WTO accession, rather than China’s compliance and participation record. Second, a large proportion is becoming dated. Third, it is largely descriptive. The contributions to this special issue address some of these problems by supplying us with contemporary information about a number of WTO topics, such as China’s fulfilment of its WTO obligations in regards to trading and distribution rights, and the evolution of its intellectual property rights protection regime. They make a significant conceptual contribution by showing that a cost/benefit framework can illuminate a wide variety of China-WTO-related phenomenon ranging from China’s acceptance of highly demanding WTO accession terms to China’s interactions with Taiwan prior to and after the two party’s respective entry into the WTO.
The New Intellectual Property Rights Environment in China: Impact of WTO Membership and China’s “Innovation Society” Makeover
Authors: Paradise James F. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractNew incentives are emerging for the protection of intellectual property rights (IPR) in China. This is happening as the Chinese central government tries to make China into a more innovation-oriented society. This is contributing to the creation of more intellectual property by Chinese entities and also giving rise to a new set of conflicts with foreigners because of the preferential and discriminatory industrial policies on which they say it is based. This paper considers these issues against the backdrop of China’s membership in the World Trade Organization. Its purpose is to understand why there has been as much change as there has been on the IP front in China and why there has not been more. It does this by considering the different and sometimes conflicting currents that are shaping China’s IP environment. These include the quest to harmonise domestic standards with WTO rules, the emergence of new IP stakeholders, the widespread existence of “shanzhai” behaviour, enforcement challenges stemming from the fragmentation of political power, and the spread of ideas about the developmental benefits of IPR protection.
High Stakes: US-China Trade Disputes under the World Trade Organization (WTO)
Authors: Zeng Ka 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis paper examines US-China trade disputes under the World Trade Organization (WTO) and argues that Chinese leaders are increasingly resorting to the WTO’s dispute settlement mechanism to target issues of most critical concern to domestic constituencies. The following overview of the WTO disputes initiated by China suggests that China’s WTO disputes tend to be dominated by cases involving anti-dumping duties (ADs) and countervailing duties (CVDs). The disproportionate share of such trade remedy cases in China’s WTO cases needs to be viewed in light of the fact that China has become the leading target of such cases worldwide in the past decades. The above pattern of China’s WTO initiation is explicable within the leader cost-benefit analysis, which would lead us to expect Chinese leaders to use the WTO DSM either to open foreign markets for Chinese businesses or to shield domestic firms from perceived unfair foreign trade practices. This paper further argues that the significant expansion of bilateral trade relations in the past decades has provided opportunities for Chinese leaders to identify or threaten retaliation against anti-protectionist groups in the other country in order to mobilise them against the disputed measure.
What Happens in a Hindi Film?
Authors: Inden Ronald 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis paper looks at the popular Hindi film and its treatment in film and media studies. It criticises the assumption that “entertainment” is a simple universal, arguing that it needs to be seen rather as a problematic, historic institution. The author attempts a preliminary reconstruction of Indian discourse on film and entertainment, a discourse marginalised or ignored by Eurocentric scholarship on film in South Asia. Central to the Indian discourse are historically situated notions of extravaganza, of spectacle (tamasha) in a paradise setting, and a focus on emotional experiences, those of wonder and of ecstasy and despair. The articulation of these elements has changed but continue to be constitutive of the popular Hindi film.
When is Indonesia?
Authors: Hobart Mark 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis paper argues that existing approaches to Indonesian media hypostatise what may be more imaginatively understood as a rapidly changing assemblage of arguments and practices. A series of intellectual manoeuvres creates the appearance of a relatively stable, knowable and measurable system. These include confusion over the precise object of study, omission of anything that does not fit the theory and rigid techniques of closure that prevent these weaknesses being evident. Critiques of Eurocentrism raise broader questions of processes of power/knowledge by which the discourse of Indonesians is culturally translated into the hegemonic language of an élite of experts, producers and politicians. The paper proposes instead to approach Indonesian media as assemblages of practices of production, distribution, engagement and use by different people in different situations. Such practices constitute performances, which may be differently articulated by different participants on different occasions. The paper concludes by rethinking key genres of Indonesian television broadcasting as performances. Indonesia emerges less as a stable, coherent entity than as the shifting object of antagonistic representations.
Welcome to the Occupation
Authors: Levine Ari Daniel 
Published: February 2014

Aside from the few envoys dispatched to the Jin court in the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, Southern Song subjects seldom experienced the occupied north after the Jurchen conquest of 1127. Passing through the former Northern Song capital of Kaifeng, ambassadors found a neglected, depopulated, and impoverished city, and described its destroyed and reconstructed urban spaces as metaphors for the Jurchen occupation of the homeland. Their private travel records transposed their experiences of Jin Kaifeng into a pre-existing textual framework of Northern Song geographical knowledge. These authors shared a collective diasporic memory of Kaifeng’s lost spaces, recognizing its rebuilt cityscape and ruined sites from pre-conquest accounts rather than from direct experience. In their accounts, Kaifeng’s urban spaces became legible not only for their survival under Jurchen rule, but for how far they deviated from textual representations of the pre-conquest past, evoking homelessness and nostalgia for a lost time and place. En dehors des quelques ambassadeurs envoyés à la cour des Jin à la fin du xiie et au début du xiiie siècle, rares sont les sujets des Song du Sud ayant pu visiter le nord sous occupation depuis la conquête Jurchen en 1127. Lorsqu’ils traversaient Kaifeng, l’ancienne capitale des Song du Nord, les ambassadeurs trouvaient une ville négligée, dépeuplée et appauvrie ; les sites urbains démolis ou reconstruits qu’ils décrivent étaient comme une métaphore de l’occupation de leur patrie par les Jin. Les récits de voyage qu’ils ont laissés intègrent leur expérience de Kaifeng sous les Jin à un ensemble textuel de savoir géographique remontant aux Song du Nord. Participant de la mémoire collective d’une diaspora, ils identifient le cadre reconstruit de Kaifeng et ses sites en ruine à partir de récits antérieurs à la conquête plutôt que sur la base d’une expérience directe. L’espace urbain de Kaifeng devient lisible non seulement pour avoir survécu à la domination des Jin, mais aussi dans la mesure de ses déviations par rapport aux représentations écrites d’avant la conquête, d’où le sentiment de déracinement et la nostalgie pour une époque et un lieu disparus.
The Earliest Known Edition of The Precious Scroll of Incense Mountain and the Connections Between Precious Scrolls and Buddhist Preaching
Authors: Berezkin Rostislav , Riftin †Boris L. 
Published: February 2014

This article introduces a reprint made in Hanoi in 1772 of an undated Chinese edition, originally published in Nanjing, of The Precious Scroll of Incense Mountain (Xiangshan baojuan). This edition, called the “Nanjing redaction” in the article, was preserved only partially as a ritual manual in China. Yet it provides important evidence for determining the early date of production of the text. By comparing certain features in the Nanjing redaction and in other redactions that circulated in China, it can be established that the Nanjing redaction is the earliest known to us. Its significance within the history of the baojuan genre is discussed, with special attention paid to the unique form and content of the text.  Cet article présente la réimpression, réalisée à Hanoï en 1772, d’une édition chinoise non datée, originellement publiée à Nankin, du Rouleau précieux de la Montagne de l’Encens (Xiangshan baojuan). Appelée “version de Nankin” dans l’article, cette édition n’a survécu que partiellement en Chine comme manuel de rituel. Elle fournit pourtant d’importants indices sur l’ancienneté de la composition du texte. En comparant certains aspects de la version de Nankin et d’autres versions ayant circulé en Chine, il est possible d’établir que la version de Nankin et la plus ancienne qui nous soit parvenue. Son importance dans l’histoire du genre baojuan fait l’objet d’un examen dans lequel une attention particulière est accordée à l’originalité de la forme et du contenu du texte.
The Values and Limits of Qohelet’s Sub-Celestial Economy
Authors: Jones Scott C. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Qohelet draws upon the metaphors of a mercantile economy in order to assign values to human life. The primary context in which he calculates these values is time-under-the-sun. In the economy of time-under-the-sun, there are both absolute and relative credits. On the one hand, the inevitable onset of death reduces all credits or debits to zero. Yet on the other hand, Qohelet claims that the enjoyment of one’s profits during one’s lifetime is a relative credit. The sage, however, also perceives another sort of reckoning which reaches beyond his empirical observation. He speaks of a matrix outside of the rule of the sun, which he calls עולם. In this space beyond time God has ordained a judgment in which the pious will profit and the impious will suffer loss. The onset of a new order beyond the sun raises the possibility that zero might not be the final answer after all.
Psalm 2 and the Disinheritance of Earthly Rulers: New Light from the Ugaritic Legal Text RS 94.2168
Authors: Lam Joseph 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
This paper offers a fresh reading of Psalm 2 with special attention to the presence of legal motifs in the poem, including that of inheritance rights as a metaphor for YHWH’s delegation of earthly authority. A new impetus for such a reading comes from the recently published Ugaritic legal text RS 94.2168, which provides the first attestation in Ugaritic of a transitive verb BHL denoting the exclusion of a biological heir from the inheritance of his father’s estate. In light of this technical usage, it will be proposed that the Piel form יְבַהֲלֵמוֹ in Psa 2:5 is best understood, not as an act of terrifying the rulers of the earth, but as YHWH’s (metaphorical) disinheritance of them, a declaration that is naturally followed by the designation of his anointed one as the exclusive heir of the nations (2:8).
The “Mock Building Account” of Genesis 11:1-9: Polemic against Mesopotamian Royal Ideology
Authors: Giorgetti Andrew 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
This article argues that Genesis 11:1-9 follows the well attested structure of Mesopotamian building accounts polemically addressing the main themes and motifs presented therein. Motifs of name-making, universal hegemony and colossal building projects are found in both the Genesis account and the Mesopotamian inscriptions. The Hebrew author subverts the imperial hubris presented in Mesopotamian royal building ideology by creating a “mock” building account based on components traditional to the building-account genre. Analysis of the Genesis pericope in light of the building-account genre helps explain some of the difficult interpretive contours of the text (e.g. the so-called “double descent” of YHWH) as well as highlights a main aspect of the offense inherent in the actions and attitude of the Babel builders—that building an entirely new city on virgin ground required divine consent—consent that YHWH does not give to such royal imperialistic pretensions.
Die johanneischen Zeichen und Joh 2:11 als möglicher hermeneutischer Schlüssel
Authors: Förster Hans 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The Greek term ἀρχή occurs in John 2:11, at the end of the story of the wedding at Cana. Water was changed into wine at this occasion and this is called the “beginning of the signs”. This Greek term—often translated in this context not as “beginning of the signs” but rather as “first sign”—can denote the beginning of a dynamically structured sequence. Elements in the narratives of the various signs seem to build a dynamic structure, thereby assigning each sign a fixed position in a climactic story which ends with the raising of Lazarus. This has consequences for literary criticism of the Gospel of John. It is widely held that chapters 5 and 6 should be interchanged. This, however, would destroy the narrative structure of the signs.
Corpses, Maggots, Poodles and Rats: Emotional Selection Operating in Three Phases of Cultural Transmission of Urban Legends
Authors: Eriksson Kimmo , Coultas Julie C. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn one conception of cultural evolution, the evolutionary success of cultural units that are transmitted from individual to individual is determined by forces of cultural selection. Here we argue that it is helpful to distinguish between several distinct phases of the transmission process in which cultural selection can operate, such as a choose-to-receive phase, an encode-and-retrieve phase, and a choose-to-transmit phase. Here we focus on emotional selection in cultural transmission of urban legends, which has previously been shown to operate in the choose-to-transmit phase. In a series of experiments we studied serial transmission of stories based on urban legends manipulated to be either high or low on disgusting content. Results supported emotional selection operating in all three phases of cultural transmission. Thus, the prevalence of disgusting urban legends in North America may be explained by emotional selection through a multitude of pathways.
The Big ‘Whoops!’ in the Study of Intentional Behavior: An Appeal for a New Framework in Understanding Human Actions
Authors: Rosset Evelyn , Rottman Joshua 
Published: February 2014

AbstractDistinguishing intentional behavior from accidental behavior is a crucial component of social cognition and a major developmental achievement. It has often been assumed that developmental changes in intentional reasoning result from a gradual sophistication in the ability to discern intentions in action. We take issue with this notion, demonstrating that data from cognitive, developmental, and social psychology are more consistent with the hypothesis that it is instead a gradual sophistication in the ability to understand accidents that drives developmental change.
Does Geographic Proximity Influence The Expression of Avuncular Tendencies in Canadian Androphilic Males?
Authors: Abild Miranda L. , VanderLaan Doug P. , Vasey Paul L. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAndrophilia refers to sexual attraction and arousal to adult males, whereas gynephilia refers to sexual attraction and arousal to adult females. The Kin Selection Hypothesis posits that male androphilia may persevere over evolutionary time if the fitness costs of not reproducing directly are offset by increasing one’s inclusive fitness. Theoretically, this could be accomplished by allocating altruism toward close kin, thereby increasing the ability of those kin to reproduce. Evidence for this hypothesis has been garnered from research conducted in Samoa; however, no support has been garnered from research conducted in other, more industrialized cultures (i.e., Canada,usa,uk, Japan). It has been suggested that geographic disconnect from kin might mitigate the potential for androphilic males to exhibit elevated kin-directed altruism in more industrialized cultures. We examined whether Canadian androphilic males expressed elevated willingness to engage in altruistic behavior towards nieces and nephews, compared to gynephilic males and androphilic females, when the activities in question could be executed from a distance. Contrary to our prediction, when comparing groups for willingness to engage in altruistic behavior towards nieces and nephews that could be performed from a distance, we did not find that Canadian androphilic males exhibited significantly higher avuncular (uncle-like) tendencies. Other possible reasons for cross-cultural differences in avuncular tendencies by androphilic males are discussed.
The Social Cost of Atheism: How Perceived Religiosity Influences Moral Appraisal
Authors: Wright Jennifer , Nichols Ryan 
Published: February 2014

AbstractSocial psychologists have found that stereotypes correlate with moral judgments about agents and actions. The most commonly studied stereotypes are race/ethnicity and gender. But atheists compose another stereotype, one with its own ignominious history in the Western world, and yet, one about which very little is known. This project endeavored to further our understanding of atheism as a social stereotype. Specifically, we tested whether people with non-religious commitments were stereotypically viewed as less moral than people with religious commitments. We found that participants’ (both Christian and atheist) moral appraisals of atheists were more negative than those of Christians who performed the same moral and immoral actions. They also reported immoral behavior as more (internally and externally) consistent for atheists, and moral behavior more consistent for Christians. The results contribute to research at the intersection of moral theory, moral psychology, and psychology of religion.
Northern range extensions and biological notes for three decapods in the eastern North Pacific
Authors: Drumm David T. , Lauth Robert R. , Clark Roger N. , Orr James W. 
Published: February 2014

Examination of invertebrate vouchers collected during bottom trawl surveys conducted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Marine Fisheries Service revealed northern range extensions of three decapod species. Two of these species are caridean shrimps (Lebbeus washingtonianus(M. J. Rathbun, 1902) (Hippolytidae) andSystellaspis braueri paucispinosaCrosnier, 1987 (Oplophoridae)) and represent the first records in Alaska. The lithodid crabNeolithodes diomedeae(J. E. Benedict, 1895) was found off California, the first record in U.S. waters, extending its known range by some 2000 km. Biological notes for these three species are provided and morphometric measurements are listed forNeolithodes diomedeae.
Implementing the Sector Wide Approach for Improved Aid and Development Effectiveness: Assessing the Swaziland Experience
Authors: Hope Kempe Ronald 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
This work discusses the sector wide approach (SWAP) for aid and development effectiveness and examines and analyzes the experience of Swaziland in its attempt to implement the SWAP based on an assessment of the four priority sectors (agriculture, education, health, and water and sanitation) in which they were launched. The methodology included interviews with key stakeholders in the four sectors. The work finds that, with the exception of the health SWAP, there has been very little progress in the SWAP implementation and no SWAP-related results have been delivered in support of the country’s National Development Strategy and its Poverty Reduction Strategy and Action Plan. The factors contributing to that state of affairs are also discussed and recommendations are offered on the way forward.
Democracy in Sub-Saharan Africa: Is There a Neighborhood Effect?
Authors: Doces John , Nega Berhanu 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn this paper we explore the effects of external factors on the development of democracy in sub-Saharan Africa. We focus on how the level of democracy in bordering countries affects democracy in neighboring countries. Little, if any, work has considered the spatial factors associated with democracy especially within sub-Saharan Africa. Our empirical analysis—using multiple estimation strategies—reveal that a higher level of democracy (in bordering countries) is directly associated with democracy (in the neighboring country). The results from a fixed effects estimator with a large number of controls indicates a one standard deviation increase in democracy in the bordering countries increases democracy by over one full point (using the Polity IV index of democracy). A seemingly unrelated regression and instrumental variables (IV) analysis extend the discussion. The IV results indicate the effect increases to over 2.5 points. We conclude with a discussion of the broader implications of our findings.
Comparison of the Characteristics of Small Business in China and the U.S.
Authors: Ye Xinyue , Leipnik Mark 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
This research deepens the existing literature on the local nature of the globalization of business. The authors argue for a comparative perspective in the study of small business in China and the U.S. At the same time, we investigate the roles of institutions and human capital in local economic development. The analysis of these phenomena are conducted based on a geographic perspective, since the desire for wealth and entrepreneurial motives may be universal, but national and regional realities and cultural differences can influence the choice and success of methods to initiate and promote small businesses.