bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Survey of Cationic Iridium(III) Complexes Bearing Nontraditional Ligand Chelation Motifs
Authors: Ladouceur Sébastien , Zysman‐Colman Eli 
Published: June 2013

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Eli Zysman‐Colman at the Université de Sherbrooke. The cover image shows a series of cationic iridium complexes synthesized in the group’s lab with emission spanning the visible color spectrum.
Towards the Total Synthesis of Marineosin A: Construction of the Macrocyclic Pyrrole and an Advanced, Functionalized Spiroaminal Model
Authors: Aldrich Leslie N. , Berry Cynthia B. , Bates Brittney S. , Konkol Leah C. , So Miranda , Lindsley Craig W. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractHerein, we describe the enantioselective construction of the 12‐membered macrocyclic pyrrole core of marineosin A in 5.1 % overall yield from (S)‐propylene oxide. The route features a key Stetter reaction to install a 1,4‐diketone, which is subjected to Paal–Knorr pyrrole synthesis and ring‐closing metathesis to afford the macrocycle. A divergence point in the synthetic scheme also enabled access to a highly functionalized spiroaminal model system through an acid‐mediated hydroxy oxo amide cyclization strategy.
Dynamic ice formation in channels as a driver for stream‐aquifer interactions
Authors: Weber Matthew D. , Booth Eric G. , Loheide Steven P. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis research introduces and provides evidence of a novel mechanism of stream‐aquifer exchange caused by dynamic ice formation on streams. At a stream site in southwestern Wisconsin, we document a significant fluctuation in stream depth and the potentiometric surface in the adjacent aquifer during periods of ice formation, suggesting that stream‐aquifer interactions may be influenced by these transient events. Four years of winter stream data document that dynamic ice formation (1) causes an average increase in stream depth of 106%, (2) affects stream depth on 20% of days from December through February, and (3) substantially alters stream‐aquifer interactions by reducing the hydraulic gradient toward the channel during ice formation events. Dynamic ice formation represents a potentially widespread mechanism for altering stream‐aquifer interactions and associated biogeochemical transformations. The sensitivity of this process to air temperature indicates a need for further research on the impacts of climate warming.
Phase I/II clinical study on safety and antivascular effects of paclitaxel encapsulated in cationic liposomes for targeted therapy in advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Strieth Sebastian , Dunau Christoph , Michaelis Uwe , Jäger Lorenz , Gellrich Donata , Wollenberg Barbara , Dellian Marc 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this phase I/II clinical trial was to test safety and effectiveness of 2 doses of vascular targeting cationic liposomes encapsulating paclitaxel (EndoTAG‐1 [ET]) in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsPatients with nonresectable therapy‐refractory HNSCC were recruited for both ET treatment groups (3 or 4 patients per group). In cutaneous metastases, laser Doppler blood flow measurements were conducted during infusions.ResultsOnly adverse events of grade 1 or 2 according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI‐CTCAE version 3.0) – in particular fatigue, chills, and hypertension – occurred. Follow‐up tumor volume measurements revealed stable disease in 4 of 5 cases. Reproducible dose‐dependent blood flow reductions in skin metastases during ET infusions provide evidence of biological effectiveness.ConclusionInfusions of ET seem to be safe and further phase II and III studies are warranted to prove efficacy in the treatment of HNSCC. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 976–984, 2014
Sunlight‐induced biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by animal and fungus biomass and their characterization
Authors: Wei Xuetuan , Zhou Huacong , Xu Lin , Luo Mingfang , Liu Huizhou 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is considered a green method. Sunlight could induce the synthesis of AgNPs with bacteria and plant biomass, while animal and fungus biomass have not been investigated for synthesis of AgNPs under sunlight radiation.RESULTSUnder 80 000 lx sunlight intensity and 4 mg mL‐1 of tryptone solution, the maximum AgNPs yield was obtained after 60 min, and the Ag+ (1 mmol L‐1) conversion rate reached 98 ± 2%. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that T‐Ag (tryptone‐mediated) were circular and oval, with an average diameter of 11.63 ± 4.17 nm, and Y‐Ag (yeast extract‐mediated) displayed similar shape and size to T‐Ag. X‐ray diffraction confirmed that T‐Ag and Y‐Ag were in the form of nanocrystals. As‐prepared AgNPs showed obvious antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis and E. coli. Capping with peptides helped to maintain colloidal stability of AgNPs. Without sunlight, AgNPs showed high stability at pH 7–11 due to high ζ‐potential values, while the stability was destroyed at pH 4. Further exposure to sunlight for 48 h also resulted in sedimentation of AgNPs.CONCLUSIONSunlight could induce tryptone and yeast extract to synthesize AgNPs, and the stability of AgNPs could be regulated by capping peptides, pH, and sunlight exposure. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Coordinated THEMIS spacecraft and all‐sky imager observations of interplanetary shock effects on plasma sheet flow bursts, poleward boundary intensifications, and streamers
Authors: Yue Chao , Nishimura Yukitoshi , Lyons Larry R. , Angelopoulos Vassilis , Donovan Eric F. , Shi Quanqi , Yao Zhonghua , Bonnell John W. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn order to characterize plasma sheet and nightside auroral disturbances in response to interplanetary shocks, we have examined three interplanetary shock events that occurred when multiple Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) spacecraft were located in the plasma sheet near midnight while ground‐based aurora data were available near the spacecraft footprints. Large‐scale responses we found are that the magnetotail magnetic pressure started to increase within ~2 min of the SYM‐H jump, and the diffuse aurora near the auroral equatorward boundary intensified over a wide magnetic local time range, due to the shock compressional effect, on average 3 min after the shock arrival. In addition, we also identified plasma sheet and auroral disturbances that are more transient and localized. Earthward or equatorward flow bursts are observed in the near‐Earth plasma sheet on average 5 min after the SYM‐H increase. We find that these fast flows, originating downtail of the near‐Earth spacecraft, form a localized channel, since only some of the spacecraft detected the flow bursts. Poleward boundary intensifications (PBIs) and subsequent north‐south directed auroral streamers are then formed, while no substorm activity was detected. Those auroral forms are also localized in space near midnight and around the footprint of the spacecraft. These results indicate that the fast flows are azimuthally localized channels and are the magnetotail counterpart of the PBIs and streamers and that such localized disturbances are triggered by the interplanetary shocks in addition to the large‐scale compression of the magnetosphere.
Nitrogen, Aerosol Composition, and Halogens on a Tall Tower (NACHTT): Overview of a wintertime air chemistry field study in the front range urban corridor of Colorado
Authors: Brown Steven S. , Thornton Joel A. , Keene William C. , Pszenny Alexander A. P. , Sive Barkley C. , Dubé William P. , Wagner Nicholas L. , Young Cora J. , Riedel Theran P. , Roberts James M. , VandenBoer Trevor C. , Bahreini Roya , Öztürk Fatma , Middlebrook Ann M. , Kim Saewung , Hübler Gerhard , Wolfe Daniel E. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe Nitrogen, Aerosol Composition, and Halogens on a Tall Tower (NACHTT) field experiment took place during late winter, 2011, at a site 33 km north of Denver, Colorado. The study included fixed‐height measurements of aerosols, soluble trace gases, and volatile organic compounds near surface level, as well as vertically resolved measurements of nitrogen oxides, aerosol composition, soluble gas‐phase acids, and halogen species from 3 to 270 m above ground level. There were 1928 individual profiles during the three‐week campaign to characterize trace gas and aerosol distributions in the lower levels of the boundary layer. Nitrate and ammonium dominated the ionic composition of aerosols and originated primarily from local or regional sources. Sulfate and organic matter were also significant and were associated primarily with longer‐range transport to the region. Aerosol chloride was associated primarily with supermicron size fractions and was always present in excess of gas‐phase chlorine compounds. The nighttime radical reservoirs, nitryl chloride, ClNO2, and nitrous acid, HONO, were both consistently present in nighttime urban air. Nitryl chloride was especially pronounced in plumes from large point sources sampled aloft at night. Nitrous acid was typically most concentrated near the ground surface and was the dominant contributor (80%) to diurnally averaged primary OH radical production in near‐surface air. Large observed mixing ratios of light alkanes, both in near‐surface air and aloft, were attributable to local emissions from oil and gas activities.
Land subsidence of natural transitional environments by satellite radar interferometry on artificial reflectors
Authors: Strozzi Tazio , Teatini Pietro , Tosi Luigi , Wegmüller Urs , Werner Charles 
Published: June 2013

AbstractLand subsidence is a widespread phenomenon, particularly relevant to transitional environments, such as wetlands, deltas, and lagoons, characterized by low elevation with respect to the mean sea level. Satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry offers the possibility to effectively and precisely measure land displacements for dry surfaces or anthropogenic structures, but difficulties arise in identifying long‐term stable targets in natural transitional regions. In order to improve the coverage of satellite SAR interferometry in salt marshes within the Venice Lagoon (Italy), we installed a network of 57 Trihedral Corner Reflectors (TCRs). The TCRs were monitored by ENVISAT ASAR and TerraSAR‐X acquisitions covering the time period from November 2006 to September 2011. The results show that the northern lagoon basin is subsiding at ~3 mm/yr and that the central and southern portions are more stable. Larger subsidence rates, up to 6 mm/yr, are measured where surficial loads, such as artificial salt marshes or embankments, rise above the lagoon bottom. The accuracy of TerraSAR‐X is greater than ENVISAT due to the shorter wavelength and higher spatial resolution in relationship to the size of the TCRs. The observations obtained in the Venice Lagoon indicate that SAR interferometry using a large network of artificial reflectors is an effective and powerful methodology to monitor land subsidence in transitional environments where the loss of elevation with respect to the mean sea level can yield significant morphological changes to the natural environment.
Malevolent Creativity in Terrorist Organizations
Authors: Gill Paul , Horgan John , Hunter Samuel T. , D. Cushenbery Lily 
Published: June 2013

AbstractTerrorist organizations are both imitative and innovative in character. While the drivers of imitation have been extensively modeled using concepts such as contagion and diffusion, creativity and innovation remain relatively underdeveloped ideas in the context of terrorist behavior. This article seeks to redress this deficiency by presenting a conceptual framework with which we can understand the complex nature and multiple drivers of creativity and innovation within terrorist organizations. The overriding questions we address are: what factors spark creativity and innovation within terrorist organizations, and are there particular organizational traits that increase an organization's propensity to be creative and innovative? Using insights from industrial and organizational psychology and aided by illustrative examples and case studies from the history of terrorism, we aim to show that the multiple drivers of creativity and innovation are identifiable. By providing a conceptual framework that explores these key issues, we suggest that a much clearer research agenda for these issues may emerge. We conclude with a discussion concerning how our framework can help inform counter‐terrorism practices.
Differential cochlear implant outcomes in older adults
Authors: Roberts Daniel S. , Lin Harrison W. , Herrmann Barbara S. , Lee Daniel J. 
Published: June 2013

Objectives/HypothesisThe goals of this study were to analyze whether cochlear implant (CI) users over 65 years of age have different surgical and audiological outcomes when compared to younger adult CI users and to identify reasons for these possible differences.Study DesignRetrospective single‐institution study.MethodsRecords of 113 postlingually deafened adults with unilateral cochlear implants were reviewed. Preoperative and postoperative speech perception scores, and medical and epidemiological data were recorded and analyzed.ResultsSpeech perception ability was significantly poorer in CI users over 65 years of age compared to younger adult patients (P = .012). Patients over the age of 80 years accounted for these findings (P = .017). Older patients were less likely to have a family history of hearing deficits. A history of noise exposure and idiopathic cause of hearing loss did not correlate with audiological outcomes. A family history of hearing loss was associated with a trend toward better speech recognition (P = .062). Older patients did not experience more vestibular symptoms or other complications compared to younger patients.ConclusionsPatients over the age of 80 years had lower speech perception scores than other adult CI recipients but did not have higher rates of dizziness or vertigo after surgery. A family history of hearing loss was associated with a trend toward better speech recognition, possibly representing a new prognostic variable. These findings provide important information that will aid clinicians in counseling older CI candidates.Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 123:1952–1956, 2013
In‐vivo occlusal caries prevention by pulsed CO2‐laser and fluoride varnish treatment—A clinical pilot study
Authors: Rechmann Peter , Charland Daniel A. , Rechmann Beate M.T. , Le Charles Q. , Featherstone John D.B. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHigh caries prevalence in occlusal pits and fissures warrants novel prevention methods. An 86% reduction in dental enamel smooth surface demineralization in‐vivo following short‐pulsed 9.6 µm‐CO2‐laser irradiation was recently reported. The objective of this study was to conduct a blinded 12‐month‐pilot clinical trial of occlusal pit and fissure caries inhibition using the same CO2‐laser irradiation conditions.Study Design/Materials and MethodsTwenty subjects, average age 14 years, were recruited. At baseline, second molars were randomized into test and control groups, assessed by International Caries Detection & Assessment System (ICDAS‐II), SOPROLIFE light‐induced fluorescence evaluator in daylight and blue‐fluorescence mode and DIAGNOdent. An independent investigator irradiated test molars with a CO2‐laser, wavelength 9.6 µm, pulse‐duration 20 µs, pulse‐repetition‐rate 20 Hz, beam diameter 800 µm, average fluence 4.5 ± 0.5 J/cm2, 20 laser pulses per spot. At 3‐, 6‐ and 12‐month recall teeth were assessed by ICDAS, SOPROLIFE and DIAGNOdent. All subjects received fluoride varnish applications at baseline and 6‐month recall.ResultsAll subjects completed the 3‐month, 19 the 6‐month and 16 the 12‐month recall. At all recalls average ICDAS scores had decreased for the test and increased for the control fissures (laser vs. control, 3‐month: −0.10 ± 0.14, 0.30 ± 0.18, P > 0.05; 6‐month: −0.26 ± 0.13, 0.47 ± 0.16, P = 0.001; 12‐month: −0.31 ± 0.15, 0.75 ± 0.17, P < 0.0001; mean ± SE, unpaired t‐test) being statistically significantly different at 6‐ and 12‐month recalls.SOPROLIFE daylight evaluation revealed at 6‐ and 12‐months statistically significant differences in changes between baseline and recall for test and control molars, respectively (laser vs. control, 6‐month: 0.22 ± 0.13, 0.17 ± 0.09, P = 0.02; 12‐month: 0.28 ± 0.19, 0.25 ± 0.17, P = 0.03). For SOPROLIFE blue‐fluorescence evaluation mean changes in comparison to baseline for the control and the laser treated teeth were also statistically significant for the 6‐ and 12‐month recall.ConclusionSpecific microsecond short‐pulsed 9.6 µm CO2‐laser irradiation markedly inhibits caries progression in pits and fissures in comparison to fluoride varnish alone over 12 months. Lasers Surg. Med. 45:302–310, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polyamines are oncometabolites that regulate the LIN28/let‐7 pathway in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Paz Edwin A. , LaFleur Bonnie , Gerner Eugene W. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPolyamine metabolism is a highly coordinated process that is essential for normal development and neoplastic growth in mammals. Although polyamine metabolism is a validated pathway for prevention of carcinogenesis, the mechanisms by which polyamines elicit their tumorigenic effects are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of polyamine metabolism in colon cancer by screening a non‐coding RNA (ncRNA) platform to identify polyamine responsive signaling nodes. We report that multiple non‐coding RNAs are altered by polyamine depletion including induction of microRNA (miRNA) let‐7i, a member of the tumor suppressive let‐7 family. The let‐7 family targets several RNAs for translational repression, including the growth‐associated transcription factor HMGA2 and is negatively regulated by the pluripotency factor LIN28. Depletion of polyamines using difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) or genetic knockdown of the polyamine‐modified eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A isoforms 1 and 2 (eIF5A1/2) resulted in robust reduction of both HMGA2 and LIN28. Locked nucleic acid (LNA) oligonucleotides targeting the seed region of the let‐7 family rescued the expression of HMGA2, but not LIN28, in both DFMO‐treated and eIF5A1/2 knockdown cultures. Our findings suggest that polyamines are oncometabolites that influence specific aspects of tumorigenesis by regulating pluripotency associated factors, such as LIN28, via an eIF5A‐dependent but let‐7‐independent mechanism while the expression of proliferation‐related genes regulated by let‐7, such as HMGA2, is mediated through microRNA mediated repression. Therefore, manipulating polyamine metabolism may be a novel method of targeting the LIN28/let‐7 pathway in specific disease states. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Functional (psychogenic) symptoms in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Pareés Isabel , Saifee Tabish A. , Kojovic Maja , Kassavetis Panagiotis , Rubio‐Agusti Ignacio , Sadnicka Anna , Bhatia Kailash P. , Edwards Mark J. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTIt has been reported that patients who have Parkinson's disease have a high prevalence of somatisation (functional neurological symptoms) compared with patients who have other neurodegenerative conditions. Numerous explanations have been advanced for this phenomenon. Here, with illustrative cases, we discuss this topic, including its clinical importance, and suggest a link between the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease and the proposed propensity to develop functional symptoms. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Set shifting and reversal learning in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Barker Victoria , Pope Merrick , Smith Sharon , Brown Verity , Hall Jeremy 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundPeople with BPD have been shown in some studies to have structural deficits in regions of the prefrontal cortex. A sensitive test of prefrontal cortex function is the intra‐dimensional/extra‐dimensional (IDED) set shifting task. This study sought to examine whether people with BPD demonstrate impaired performances on extra‐dimensional shift (EDS) and reversal learning aspects of this task similar to those seen in conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder.MethodTwenty subjects with BPD and 21 healthy control subjects were administered the IDED task from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery cognitive test battery. EDS and reversal learning errors were compared between the groups using repeated measures ANOVAs.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the BPD and control participants in EDS or reversal learning on the IDED task or in stage of the task completed. There was a medium effect size difference (Cohen's d = 0.4) for simple reversal learning and small effect sizes for reversal learning (Cohen' d = 0.17) and IDED shift stages (Cohen's d = 0.2 and −0.3 respectively).ConclusionsParticipants with BPD in this study did not show statistically significant deficits in EDS or reversal learning, although small to medium effect sizes were found. These findings distinguish them from sufferers of schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder and are in keeping with the idea that BPD is a distinct condition with discrete neuropathological processes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Free transverse vibration in periodically hinged identical beams on elastic foundations: a single material phononic crystal
Authors: Han Lin , Zhang Yan , Jiang Lin‐hua , Zhang Zi‐ming 
Published: June 2013

AbstractUnlike the common phononic crystals (PCs) with different materials, the infinite periodically hinged identical beams on elastic foundations, considered as a special “single material” PC, also have transverse vibration band gaps (BGs). The modified transfer matrix method is proposed to calculate the band structure of this system. The propagation of transverse vibration of such a system with aluminium beams and soil foundation is studied. The results show that the system gives wider BGs than the common PC case at low frequency. The influence of the stiffness of foundation and geometrical parameters is analyzed to obtain a wider first BG.magnified imageThe frequency responses of the 6‐cell periodically hinged aluminium beams (solid line) and common aluminium‐epoxy PC beam (dashed line) on a foundation. The hinged case has wider low BGs with stronger attenuation.(© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)