bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural Substrates of Auditory Emotion Recognition Deficits in Schizophrenia
Authors: Kantrowitz Joshua T. , Hoptman Matthew J. , Leitman David I. , Moreno-Ortega Marta , Lehrfeld Jonathan M. , Dias Elisa , Sehatpour Pejman , Laukka Petri , Silipo Gail , Javitt Daniel C. 
Published: November 2015

Deficits in auditory emotion recognition (AER) are a core feature of schizophrenia and a key component of social cognitive impairment. AER deficits are tied behaviorally to impaired ability to interpret tonal (“prosodic”) features of speech that normally convey emotion, such as modulations in base pitch (F0M) and pitch variability (F0SD). These modulations can be recreated using synthetic frequency modulated (FM) tones that mimic the prosodic contours of specific emotional stimuli. The present study investigates neural mechanisms underlying impaired AER using a combined event-related potential/resting-state functional connectivity (rsfMRI) approach in 84 schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder patients and 66 healthy comparison subjects. Mismatch negativity (MMN) to FM tones was assessed in 43 patients/36 controls. rsfMRI between auditory cortex and medial temporal (insula) regions was assessed in 55 patients/51 controls. The relationship between AER, MMN to FM tones, and rsfMRI was assessed in the subset who performed all assessments (14 patients, 21 controls). As predicted, patients showed robust reductions in MMN across FM stimulus type (p= 0.005), particularly to modulations in F0M, along with impairments in AER and FM tone discrimination. MMN source analysis indicated dipoles in both auditory cortex and anterior insula, whereas rsfMRI analyses showed reduced auditory-insula connectivity. MMN to FM tones and functional connectivity together accounted for ∼50% of the variance in AER performance across individuals. These findings demonstrate that impaired preattentive processing of tonal information and reduced auditory-insula connectivity are critical determinants of social cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia, and thus represent key targets for future research and clinical intervention.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSchizophrenia patients show deficits in the ability to infer emotion based upon tone of voice [auditory emotion recognition (AER)] that drive impairments in social cognition and global functional outcome. This study evaluated neural substrates of impaired AER in schizophrenia using a combined event-related potential/resting-state fMRI approach. Patients showed impaired mismatch negativity response to emotionally relevant frequency modulated tones along with impaired functional connectivity between auditory and medial temporal (anterior insula) cortex. These deficits contributed in parallel to impaired AER and accounted for ∼50% of variance in AER performance. Overall, these findings demonstrate the importance of both auditory-level dysfunction and impaired auditory/insula connectivity in the pathophysiology of social cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia.
Fbxw7 Limits Myelination by Inhibiting mTOR Signaling
Authors: Kearns Christina A. , Ravanelli Andrew M. , Cooper Kirsten , Appel Bruce 
Published: November 2015

An important characteristic of vertebrate CNS development is the formation of specific amounts of insulating myelin membrane on axons. CNS myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes, glial cells that extend multiple membrane processes to wrap multiple axons. Recent data have shown that signaling mediated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) serine/threonine kinase promotes myelination, but factors that regulate mTOR activity for myelination remain poorly defined. Through a forward genetic screen in zebrafish, we discovered that mutation offbxw7, which encodes the substrate recognition subunit of a SCF ubiquitin ligase that targets proteins for degradation, causes hypermyelination. Among known Fbxw7 targets is mTOR. Here, we provide evidence that mTOR signaling activity is elevated in oligodendrocyte lineage cells offbxw7mutant zebrafish larvae. Both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of mTOR function suppressed the excess myelin gene expression resulting from loss of Fbxw7 function, indicating that mTOR is a functionally relevant target of Fbxw7 in oligodendrocytes.fbxw7mutant larvae wrapped axons with more myelin membrane than wild-type larvae and oligodendrocyte-specific expression of dominant-negative Fbxw7 produced longer myelin sheaths. Our data indicate that Fbxw7 limits the myelin-promoting activity of mTOR, thereby serving as an important brake on developmental myelination.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMyelin, a specialized, proteolipid-rich membrane that ensheaths and insulates nerve fibers, facilitates the rapid conduction of electrical impulses over long distances. Abnormalities in myelin formation or maintenance result in intellectual and motor disabilities, raising a need for therapeutic strategies designed to promote myelination. The mTOR kinase is a powerful driver of myelination, but the mechanisms that regulate mTOR function in myelination are not well understood. Our studies reveal that Fbxw7, a subunit of a ubiquitin ligase that targets other proteins for degradation, acts as a brake on myelination by limiting mTOR function. These findings suggest that Fbxw7 helps tune the amount of myelin produced during development and raise the possibility that Fbxw7 could be a target of myelin-promoting therapies.
Fritz Hamer. In memoriam
Authors: Ossenbach Carlos 
Published: November 2015

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Fritz Hamer (1912-2004), recientemente fallecido, el más grande y quizás único verdadero experto en las orquídeas de El Salvador y Nicaragua durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX, fue el último en una larga lista de colectores y científicos alemanes que jugaron un papel relevante en la historia de la orquideología centroamericana. </span></p></div></div></div>
Entre economía social y economía popular. Confusiones y desaciertos políticos en el “Ecuador del Buen Vivir”.
Authors: Martínez Godoy Diego 
Published: November 2015

<p>La economía social y solidaria en el Ecuador, se ha constituido en los últimos 8 años en una bandera del discurso político oficialista. A pesar de los esfuerzos que se han realizados en favor de las organizaciones que componen este sector económico, existen varias confusiones y desaciertos políticos que se explican en gran medida por la exclusión del concepto de “innovación social” y de la variable territorial en el análisis de las dinámicas de actores de la economía social y solidaria. ¿Cuáles son los riesgos presentes para este sector económico en el Ecuador?, ¿Que camino se debería favorecer para crear y fortalecer verdaderas iniciativas alternativas al sistema económico dominante? Son algunas de las preguntas que el artículo pretende responder tomando algunos ejemplos de las experiencias existentes tanto en el Ecuador como en Europa.</p>
Presentación Revista Eutopía 7
Authors: Martínez Valle Luciano 
Published: November 2015

<p>En los últimos años, dos movimientos económicos sociales superpuestos han tenido un gran impacto en el entendimiento y la práctica del desarrollo en América Latina. Estos son el Comercio Justo y la Economía Social y Solidaria. El objetivo del presente número de Eutopía es examinar algunas de las prácticas más singulares e innovadoras en cuanto al Comercio Justo y la Economía Social y Solidaria a nivel local, regional y global.</p>
Todo por la patria. Refundación y retorno del estado en las revoluciones bolivarianas
Authors: Burbano de Lara Felipe 
Published: November 2015

<p>El artículo aborda el llamado retorno del estado en las revoluciones bolivarianas (Venezuela, Bolivia y Ecuador) a partir de un análisis del discurso de Hugo Chávez, Evo Morales y Rafael Correa. La idea del retorno sugiere claramente que si el estado se convirtió en las décadas de los ochenta y noventa en un problema, en los procesos abiertos a partir del giro a la izquierda en América Latina emerge como solución. No obstante, más allá de ciertas generalidades, son pocos los análisis que explican cómo retorna el estado en las revoluciones bolivarianas, de qué modo este retorno redefine el campo de la política y qué evalúan algunas de sus implicaciones. El artículo muestra que el estado retorna en los tres casos ligado a otros dos significantes poderosos: la promesa refundacional y el amor a la patria. Se concluye que la convergencia de las tres categorías –refundación, patria y estado– configura una poderosa identidad colectiva teñida de elementos morales y emocionales que liga a los liderazgos en los tres países con una comunidad política reconstituida. </p>
La alimentación de la población esclava en Estados Unidos, el Caribe y Brasil: comentarios sobre el estado de las cosas
Authors: Flores Guzmán Ramiro Alberto 
Published: November 2015

<p><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-language: PT-BR; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="PT-BR"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">El artículo examina el estado de la cuestión sobre el tema de la alimentación de los esclavos en las tres mayores sociedades esclavistas de las Américas: Estados Unidos, el Caribe y Brasil. Mediante un análisis comparativo, se presenta la evolución de las líneas de investigación y los enfoques metodológicos sobre el tema, poniendo especial atención a los problemas que los historiadores enfrentan al trabajar con fuentes dispares en pos de reconstruir la dieta de los cautivos. Finalmente, se discuten los parámetros para medir el nivel adecuado de ingesta de nutrientes en función de la constitución física de los esclavos.</p>
DAKWAH KULTURAL MUHAMMADIYAH ANTARA PEMBARUAN DAN PEMBAURAN
Authors: Suparto Suparto 
Published: November 2015

Muhammadiyah has long been recognized as a movement of dakwah (Islamic promulgation), tajdid (religious renewal), and social empowerment, and has been recorded by the history as the point of departure toward the resurrection of Muslim community in Indonesia. A dakwah activity with a social touch through educational efforts and social services has made this organization as an icon of a distinct Islamic modernization. Due to the increasing challenges faced by the dakwah activity, Muhammadiyah has to dovetail its movement with the sensitivity of cultural rooms located in the heart of Indonesian communities. Therefore, in this modern juncture, Muhammadiyah cannot be conceived as a movement without cultural sensitivity; a movement that tends to banish local cultural elements. This necessitates Muhammadiyah to acknowledge a spotlight where cultures have been well flourishing in such a colorful country.
TRADISI SASTRA DIKILI DALAM PELAKSANAAN UPACARA ADAT MAULIDAN DI GORONTALO
Authors: Baruadi Moh. Karmin 
Published: November 2015

<p><em>This article intent to reveal </em><em>extent</em><em> </em><em>dikili's activity performing that terminological custom tradition/Gorontalo's culture</em><em>.</em><em> </em><em>Assessment did by sosio</em><em>-c</em><em>ultural's approaching passes through search empirik's literature and watch to its performing at any given custom scene about dikili that.</em><em> </em><em>Study result points out that matter-of-fact social and tribal society culture Gorontalo places dikili as something that important and contains religious point in manage society life behaviour.</em><em> </em><em>Islamic aesthetical norms constitute translations symbolically to trusts and grasps to God that most formula deep mirror recitation</em><em>. </em><em>Assess dominant Islamic teaching obeyed by that Gorontalo's islamic community constitute basis source that bear artistry as modikili.</em><em> </em><em>Such thing this is too causative Gorontalo's society really price traditions especially that gets islami's nuance that all along maintained regular and is kept up.</em><em> </em><em>That islami's point was braced motto thru or slogan that becomes Gorontalo's culture reflection that identic with islam which is ‘ adati hula hula’a. to sara’a., sara’a. hula hula’a. to kuru’ani ’ or custom </em><em>based on al Quran (kitab Allah).</em></p>
KEPERCAYAAN KEPADA KEKUATAN GAIB DALAM MANTRA MASYARAKAT MUSLIM BANTEN
Authors: Humaeni Ayatullah 
Published: November 2015

This article discusses various forms, functions, and meanings of mantra (magical formula) of Bantenese. How Bantenese understands mantra, what kinds of mantra used, and how Bantenese make use of various kinds of mantra in their life become three main focuses. It is the result of a field research using ethnographic method with the descriptive qualitative design based on anthropological perspective. To analyze the data, structural-functional approach is employed. Library research, participant-observation, and in depth interview are used to collect the data. The mantra tradition in Banten is a part of verbal folklore. Mantra is a tribal sacred prayer containing supernatural powers. The Bantenese mantra is a cultural product of the syncretic elements between local belief and religious traditions. For Bantenese, mantra is one of oral tradition treasures integrated to other cultural treasures. Its existence is still needed by Bantenese up to the present. In certain cases, the tradition of Bantenese mantra is an alternative of the traditional social institution when the formal institution is no longer able to accommodate their interests and practical needs. The use mantra for various purposes becomes a portrait of the pragmatical life style of Bantenese who still believe in magical powers.
KORELASI ANTARA PENGUASAAN KOSAKATA, MINAT BACA, DAN KEMAMPUAN MERESEPSI CERPEN SUFISTIK: Survei Pada Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah Kampung Jawa Tondano Minahasa
Authors: Djojosuroto Kinayati 
Published: November 2015

At Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs), literature is a part of Indonesian Letters and Language class. Literature can refine manners, enrich aesthetic experience, and improve the knowledge of students. Literature teaching increases their ability in understanding, enjoying, loving, and appreciating literary work, and also to help their development of psychological aspects towards shaping their character as a whole. Regarding reading interest, students were helped in understanding and comprehending sufi short story when they mastered the adequate vocabulary. The sufi short story as a work of literature is rich of life values, either local or spiritual ones. Sufi value belongs to spiritual value assessed to develop a person’s spiritual state. This study used the survey method with correlation technique. The respondents were tested on vocabulary mastery, given quiz for reading interest, and also taken essay test for the ability to comprehend sufi short story. It was done in MTs Kampung Jawa, Tondano, Minahasa. Based on the analysis of the hypothesis test, all of the alternative hypothesizes (H1) given in this research were accepted. This means that the ability to comprehend sufi short story (Y) can be improved by developing the mastery of vocabulary (X1) and reading interest (X2).
PAHAM QADARIYAH DAN JABARIYAH PADA PELAKU PASAR PELELANGAN IKAN BAJOE KABUPATEN BONE PROPINSI SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Hasbi Muhammad 
Published: November 2015

<p><em>This article discusses the thought</em><em>s</em><em> of fish auction market in Bajoe on Qadariyah and Jabariyah and the role of Qadariyah and Jabariyah theology on the fish auction market of Bajoe. The methodology used for this research </em><em>is</em><em> a descriptive method, to explain the problem, events, and any </em><em>recent</em><em> phenomen</em><em>on</em><em>.</em><em> </em><em>In Islamic thought</em><em>s</em><em>, human </em><em>activities</em><em> are interpreted in two mainstreams of thought</em><em>s</em><em>. Firstly, the interpretation that human is a free to will, that human </em><em>activities</em><em> are created by his self. </em><em>S</em><em>econdly, human actions are not created by man, but by God. For this group, </em><em>a human is not strong enough to</em><em> do anything, God control</em><em>s everything</em><em>. The first stream, in Islamic thought known as Qadariyah, while the second is called Jabariyah.</em><em> </em><em>Several people in the community of fish auction market</em><em> of Bajoe agree on the opinions of Qadariyah and Jabariyah, while some others disagree. Similarly, most of them are affected by Qadariyah and partly influenced by Jabariyah. </em></p>
BURUH TANI WANITA PANGGILAN DAN EKSISTENSINYA MENURUT ADAT MINANGKABAU
Authors: Helfi Helfi 
Published: November 2015

<p><em>Women farm workers in groups are not common in Minangkabau, especially those who earn wages once a year. The wages are used as an alternative income by allocating them as a capital for other ‘business’ in solving economic household problems.</em><em> </em><em>Minangkabau implement matrilineal system which respect women called as </em><em>b</em><em>undo</em><em> </em><em>kanduang. A local proverb for the system is “limpapeh rumah nan gadang, amban puruak pagangan kunci, sumarak dalam nagari”. Discussions about women have not been finished yet. The highest reward toward women in Minangkabau custom is not well-implemented in the real life. The Minang ‘queens’ are allowed to compete in economic sector without any gender consideration.</em></p>
DAMPAK LIBERALISASI EKONOMI TERHADAP HUKUM PERTANAHAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Herry Musleh 
Published: November 2015

The developmental program of the government creates delicate issues concerning the proper allocation of land. While the government program of welfare necessitates the availability of land to build housings, roads, factories and business centers, the plight of society displaced from their land should not be overlooked. Liberalist approach on managing land proves to bring more problem than solution to the society at large. Through the strong capital and wide network in executive and legislative bodies, the liberalist proponents manage to seize huge amounts of land at the expense of the original owners, mostly villagers who lack of apprehension about the price of land. The vague regulation concerning land also contributes to the handover of huge acres of land from the villagers to the capital owners. Without government intervention on the land market, it is worried that the process of land acquisition by the capital owner will run out of control.Program pembangunan pemerintah memunculkan masalah seputar penguasaan tanah. Sementara di sisi lain program pemerintah untuk kesejahteraan membutuhkan ketersediaan tanah untuk membangun perumahan, jalan, pabrik pusat -pusat bisnis. Persoalan berat kepemilikan tanah yang dihadapi masyarakat harus mendapat perhatian.Pendekatan kelompok liberal terhadap pengaturan penguasaan tanah menimbulkan banyak persoalan bagi masyarakat secara luas. dengan menggunakan modal yang besar dan jaringan yang kuat di lembaga eksekutif dan legislatif, pendukung kelompok liberal mengambil alih kepemilikan tanah secara besar-besaran terutama dari penduduk desa yang tidak mengetahui harga tanah yang semestinya. Peraturan yang masih belum jelas berkaitan dengan tanah juga menyebabkan pindah kepemilikan dari petani ke pemilik modal. Tanpa intervensi dan kontrol dari pemerintah terhadap pemasaran tanah, dikhawatirkan persoalan penguasaan tanah oleh pemilik modal akan lepas kontrol.Keywords: Liberalisasi Ekonomi, Penguasaan Tanah, Hak Milik
KETAATAN TERHADAP ULU AL-AMR DALAM TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Seff Syaugi Mubarak 
Published: November 2015

In the Qur'an there are several verses that teach obedience to the leader (ulu al-amr) as one of the principles value in social life. Obedience to the leader (ulu al-amri) has not been stood alone, but one frame with the obedience to God and His Messenger, in which contains two terms, namely obedience to the commandment of God and obedience to the ordinance of His Messenger (Rasulllah). Obedience to the ulu al-amr has two connotations functional concepts. The two concepts are; first, ulu al-amr as the holders of political power and Moslems as an object of political power.Di dalam al-Qur’an terdapat beberapa ayat yang mengajarkan ketaatan terhadap pemimpin (ulu al-amr) sebagai salah satu dari prinsip yang diperlukan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Ketaatan terhadap ulu al-amr tidaklah berdiri sendiri, tetapi berada dalam bingkai ketaatan terhadap Allah dan Rasul-Nya yang didalamnya mengandung dua pengertian, yaitu ketaatan terhadap apa yang disyari’atkan oleh Allah dan ketaatan tehadap ijtihad Rasulllah. Ketaatan terhadap ulu al-amr memiliki dua konsep yang berkonotasi fungsional. Kedua konsep tersebut ialah ulu al-amr sebagai pemegang kekuasaan politik dan orang-orang mukmin sebagai obyek kekuasaan politik.Keywords: ketaatan, ulu al-amr, dan kekuasaan politik
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM ATAS MEREK TERKENAL
Authors: Marwiyah Siti 
Published: November 2015

Lamanya waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk dapat menjadikan suatu merek menjadi terkenal secara luas dan dipergunakan oleh masyarakat luas, menjadikan beberapa produsen melakukan jalan pintas dengan menjalankan perilaku bisnis curang yaitu dengan melakukan “pembajakan” atau peniruan dari merek yang telah lama beredar di pasaran, atau dapat juga disebut sebagai merek yang sudah terkenal. Pelanggaran merek juga mengkedepan dalam issue pararelimport dimana barang-barang diperoleh dari luar negeri secara sah, kemudian dibawa masuk ke Indonesia untuk tujuan komersil tanpa sepengetahuan dan persetujuan pemegang lisensi atas merek tersebut di Indonesia. Dalam hal ini tidak ada pemalsuan merek, tetapi hal ini melanggar hak-hak penerima lisensi, karena merusak pangsa pasar pemegang lisensi. Adanya praktik curang ini, tidak hanya perusahaan pemilik merek terkenal yang dirugikan akan tetapi masyarakat sebagai konsumen dan negara juga dirugikan. Bagi pemilik merek kerugian yang dirasakan adalah menurunnya pendapatan, dan apabila kualitas dari barang dan jasa yang ditiru lebih rendah, maka akan menurunkan citra produk tersebut di mata konsumen. Bagi konsumen kerugian yang dideritanya adalah mutu barang yang rendah, sedangkan bagi negara kerugian yang timbul adalah berkurangnya penerimaan pajak. Perlindungan hukum yang memadai terhadap merek-merek terkenal, yang kebanyakan adalah merek terkenal dari luar negeri muntlak diperlukan, tanpa mengurangi hak pengusaha pribumi yang memiliki merek yang sama dengan merek terkenal tersebut yang menggunakannya dengan itikad baik. Namun demikian untuk menjaga keseimbangan hak dari pemilik merek terkenal dalam dan luar negeri, perlu juga kiranya dirumuskan kriteria merek terkenal “lokal”, yaitu merek terkenal yang berkembang pada suatu daerah atau wilayah tertentu atau merek terkenal yang berada dalam suatu negara