bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subcutaneous Trastuzumab: An Observational Study of Safety and Tolerability in Patients With Early HER2‐Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Otoya Iris , Valdiviezo Natalia , Morante Zaida , Calle Cindy , Ferreyra Yomali , Huarcaya-Chombo Norma , Polo-Mendoza Gabriela , Castañeda Carlos , Vidaurre Tatiana , Neciosup Silvia P. , Calderón Mónica J. , Gomez Henry L. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: In Peru, breast cancer (BC) stands as the most predominant malignancy neoplasm among women. Trastuzumab has marked a significant milestone in the management of this disease. It has been shown to improve prognosis in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–expressing female patients, but its repercussions and efficacy are yet to be analyzed in a context with limited resources.Methods: The study population is made of woman patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed with HER2‐positive BC at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN, Lima, Peru) during 2019–2021 and treated with at least one dose of subcutaneous trastuzumab. We reviewed medical records to register treatment characteristics, adverse events (AEs), disease progression, and survival status. We considered a median follow‐up time of 36 and 45 months for progression and survival status.Results: The majority of patients were over 50 years old (54.29%). Tumor size averaged 19.7 ± 16.1 mm. Lymph nodes were present in 44.78% of patients. Most patients received adjuvant chemotherapy (63.8%) as first‐line treatment. Descriptive analyses of treatment outcomes revealed a 30% toxicity rate, primarily attributed to arthralgia (47.62%), followed by diarrhea, fatigue, and injection site reactions, with relatively lower discontinuation rates compared to larger scale studies. Differences in demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics were not statistically significant concerning the emergence of AEs (p > 0.05). Progression appeared in nine patients, and the overall survival (OS) rate stood at 98.6% and 92.8%, respectively, during a median follow‐up of 36 and 45 months.Conclusion: The research suggests that subcutaneous trastuzumab is comparable in effectiveness and safety to the intravenous administration. Regional‐specific studies may provide valuable insights into demographic factors influencing treatment outcomes in Peru or other countries. Furthermore, it could represent a more accessible alternative, potentially enhancing patient adherence and optimizing healthcare resource logistics.
Investigations of injection strategies to use heparinized normal saline instead of contrast media for intracoronary optical coherence tomography imaging
Authors: Zebrauskaite Aiste , Tsybulskyi Eduard , Simanauskas Ignas , Zebrauskaite Gabriele , Ziubryte Greta , Ordiene Rasa , Unikas Ramunas , Jarusevicius Gediminas , Harding Scott Andrew 
Published: June 2024

Background The benefits of intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) are well established. Intravascular imaging guidance improves short- and long-term outcomes, especially in complex PCI. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has a higher resolution than intravascular ultrasound. However, the usage of OCT is mainly limited by the need to use contrast for flushing injections, which increases the risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury, especially in patients with underlying chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to prove that flushing techniques with normal saline instead of contrast can be used in OCT imaging and can generate high-quality images. Methods This prospective single-center observational study included patients with indications for OCT-guided PCI. For OCT pullbacks, heparinized saline was injected by an automatic pump injector at different rates, and additional extension catheters for selective coronary artery engagement were used at the operator’s discretion. Recordings were made using the Ilumien Optis OCT system (Abbott) and the Dragonfly (Abbott) catheter and were analyzed at 1-mm intervals by two operators. Pullbacks were categorized as having optimal, acceptable, or unacceptable imaging quality. A clinically usable run was determined if >75% of the region of interest length was described as having optimal or acceptable imaging quality. Results A total of 32 patients were enrolled in the study; 47 different lesions were assessed before and after PCI. In total, 91.5% of runs were described as clinically suitable for use. Conclusion Heparinized saline injections for OCT imaging are effective in generating good-quality OCT images suitable for clinical use.
The cost of providing care by family and friends (informal care) in the last year of life: A population observational study
Authors: Johnson Miriam J , Currow David C , Chynoweth Jade , Weatherly Helen , Keser Gamze , Hutchinson Ann , Jones Annie , Dunn Laurie , Allgar Victoria 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Little is known about replacement costs of care provided by informal carers during the last year of life for people dying of cancer and non-cancer diseases. Aim: To estimate informal caregiving costs and explore the relationship with carer and decedent characteristics. Design: National observational study of bereaved carers. Questions included informal end-of-life caregiving into the 2017 Health Survey for England including estimated recalled frequency, duration and intensity of care provision. We estimated replacement costs for a decedent’s last year of life valuing time at the price of a substitutable activity. Spearman rank correlations and multivariable linear regression were used to explore relationships with last year of life costs. Setting/participants: Adult national survey respondents – England. Results: A total of 7997 adults were interviewed from 5767/9612 (60%) of invited households. Estimated replacement costs of personal care and other help were £27,072 and £13,697 per carer and a national cost of £13.2 billion and £15.5 billion respectively. Longer care duration and intensity, older age, death at home (lived together), non-cancer cause of death and greater deprivation were associated with increased costs. Female sex, and not accessing ‘other care services’ were related to higher costs for other help only. Conclusion: We provide a first adult general population estimate for replacement informal care costs in the last year of life of £41,000 per carer per decedent and highlight characteristics associated with greater costs. This presents a major challenge for future universal care coverage as the pool of people providing informal care diminish with an ageing population.
‘It was never about me’: A qualitative inquiry into the experiences of psychological support and perceived support needs of family caregivers of people with high-grade glioma
Authors: Lion Katarzyna M , Jamieson Anthony , Billin Abigail , Jones Stephanie , Pinkham Mark B , Ownsworth Tamara 
Published: June 2024

Background: Family caregivers of people with high-grade glioma often report high rates of psychological distress, which has been attributed to the unique aspects of the disease and onerous care demands. Clinical practice guidelines advocate for caregiver support from diagnosis through to end-of-life and bereavement. Yet, research has identified that caregivers’ support needs are often overlooked. Aim: To explore caregivers’ experiences of psychological support and perceptions of what constitutes optimal psychological support for caregivers in the context of high-grade glioma. Design: Qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with data analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Setting/participants: Eighteen current ( n = 11) and bereaved ( n = 7) family caregivers (73% female, aged 33–69 years) of adults with high-grade glioma participated. Interviews explored caregivers’ perceptions of psychological support. Results: Two major themes were generated. The first theme, ‘It was never about me’, reflected caregivers prioritise for people with high-grade glioma to be well supported despite experiencing their own unmet psychological support needs. The second theme, ‘Continuous, coordinated and personalised support’, highlighted the importance of timely and tailored interventions addressing caregivers’ practical, educational and emotional support needs throughout the illness journey. Conclusions: Caregivers commonly prioritise the support needs of people with high-grade gliomas; yet, have their own distinct needs that vary throughout the illness. Primary care providers have a potential role in facilitating timely access to palliative care, practical support and brain tumour-specific psychological support to meet caregivers’ diverse needs across the care continuum in the context of high-grade glioma.
Association between occupational participation and depressive symptoms among middle-aged adults: A cross-sectional study in Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Yokoyama Kazuki , Shimada Kiyotaka , Morimoto Takafumi , Ishii Takao , Ikeda Nozomu 
Published: June 2024

Aim This study aimed to investigate the association between occupational participation and depressive symptoms among middle-aged adults in Hokkaido, Japan. Methods Community-dwelling adults aged 40–64 years were recruited using snowball sampling, and 165 participants who returned the questionnaires and met the selection criteria were included in the analysis. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Occupational participation, including three domains (leisure, productivity, and self-care) and three aspects (occupational control, occupational balance, and satisfaction of performance), was assessed using Self-completed Occupational Performance Index (SOPI) questionnaire. Results Multivariate-adjusted regression analysis revealed that depressive symptoms were associated with lower occupational participation in the productivity domain (β = −0.34, p < .001), whereas analysis of each aspect of the SOPI showed a significant association of depressive symptoms with lower occupational control in productivity domain (β = −0.33, p < .001), occupational balance in productivity domain (β = −0.25, p < .001), and satisfaction with performance in leisure domain (β = −0.16, p = .045) and productivity domain (β = −0.35, p < .001). Conclusion Depressive symptoms was significantly associated with low occupational participation in productivity domain in middle-aged adults. In the domains of leisure and self-care, significant associations were found only between depression symptoms and satisfaction of performance. Occupational therapy interventions for middle-aged adults targeting the maintenance and improvement of participation in productive activities may help preventing depressive symptoms.
Impact of intensive blood pressure lowering after multiple-attempt endovascular thrombectomy: A secondary analysis of the OPTIMAL-BP trial
Authors: Jung Jae Wook , Kim Kwang Hyun , Yun Jaeseob , Kim Young Dae , Heo JoonNyung , Lee Hyungwoo , Choi Jin Kyo , Lee Hyung , Lim In Hwan , Hong Soon-Ho , Kim Byung Moon , Kim Dong Joon , Shin Na Young , Cho Bang-Hoon , Ahn Seong Hwan , Park Hyungjong , Sohn Sung-Il , Hong Jeong-Ho , Song Tae-Jin , Chang Yoonkyung , Kim Gyu Sik , Seo Kwon-Duk , Lee Kijeong , Chang Jun Young , Seo Jung Hwa , Lee Sukyoon , Baek Jang-Hyun , Cho Han-Jin , Shin Dong Hoon , Kim Jinkwon , Yoo Joonsang , Baik Minyoul , Lee Kyung-Yul , Jung Yo Han , Hwang Yang-Ha , Kim Chi Kyung , Kim Jae Guk , Lee Chan Joo , Park Sungha , Jeon Soyoung , Lee Hye Sun , Kwon Sun U , Young Bang Oh , Heo Ji Hoe , Nam Hyo Suk 
Published: June 2024

Background: Multiple attempts of thrombectomy have been linked to a higher risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and worsened functional outcomes, potentially influenced by blood pressure (BP) management strategies. Nonetheless, the impact of intensive BP management following successful recanalization through multiple attempts remains uncertain. Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether conventional and intensive BP managements differentially affect outcomes according to multiple-attempt recanalization (MAR) and first-attempt recanalization (FAR) groups. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the OPTIMAL-BP trial, which was a comparison of intensive (systolic BP target: <140 mm Hg) and conventional (systolic BP target = 140–180 mm Hg) BP managements during the 24 h after successful recanalization, we included intention-to-treat population of the trial. Patients were divided into the MAR and the FAR groups. We examined a potential interaction between the number of thrombectomy attempts (MAR and FAR groups) and the effect of BP managements on clinical and safety outcomes. The primary outcome was functional independence at 3 months. Safety outcomes were symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage within 36 h and mortality within 3 months. Results: Of the 305 patients (median = 75 years), 102 (33.4%) were in the MAR group and 203 (66.6%) were in the FAR group. The intensive BP management was significantly associated with a lower rate of functional independence in the MAR group (intensive, 32.7% vs conventional, 54.9%, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.12–0.90, p = 0.03). In the FAR group, the proportion of patients with functional independence was not significantly different between the BP managements (intensive, 42.5% vs conventional, 54.2%, adjusted OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.38–1.40). Incidences of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and mortality rates were not significantly different according to the BP managements in both MAR and FAR groups. Conclusions: Among stroke patients who received multiple attempts of thrombectomy, intensive BP management for 24 h resulted in a reduced chance of functional independence at 3 months and did not reduce symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage following successful reperfusion.
Multimodal dynamic ultrasound approach as predictor of response in patients with Crohn’s disease treated with ustekinumab
Authors: Ainora Maria Elena , Liguori Antonio , Mignini Irene , Cintoni Marco , Galasso Linda , Laterza Lucrezia , Lopetuso Loris Riccardo , Garcovich Matteo , Riccardi Laura , Gasbarrini Antonio , Scaldaferri Franco , Zocco Maria Assunta 
Published: June 2024

Background: The approval of ustekinumab (UST) has opened new options for the treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD), but potential markers predicting the efficacy of this interleukin-12/23 inhibitor are lacking. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is non-invasive alternative to endoscopy, demonstrating early transmural changes after treatment induction. Objectives: We conducted a prospective monocentric study aiming to explore the value of multimodal intestinal ultrasound (IUS) in predicting the response to UST in patients with active CD who have been previously exposed to anti-tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα). Design and methods: Consecutive patients with moderate-to-severe CD involving the terminal ileum who were scheduled to begin UST therapy were enrolled between January 2020 and October 2021 in the inflammatory bowel diseases outpatient centre. A complete IUS evaluation, including B-mode, Doppler, dynamic CEUS and elastography, was performed at the time of induction (T0) and after 8 (T1), 16 (T2), 24 (T3) and 48 (T4) weeks of therapy. Each IUS parameter and their variations from baseline were correlated with endoscopic response and mucosal healing after 1 year. Results: A total of 52 patients were included, 29 (55.8%) of which reached endoscopic response at T4. The univariate analysis revealed that, between T3 and T0, the percentage changes of bowel wall thickness, Limberg score, mean signal intensity, rise time, wash-in rate, C reactive protein and Harvey–Bradshaw Index were associated with long-term therapeutic outcome. Based on the above parameters, we developed an IUS score that showed a good performance in predicting 1 year-endoscopic response (area under the curve: 0.91). Conclusion: Multimodal ultrasound could be helpful to predict long-term therapeutic outcome in patients with CD treated with UST. Registration: NCT05987501.
A qualitative study on informed consent decision-making at two tertiary hospitals in Uganda: Experiences of patients undergoing emergency surgery and their next of kin
Authors: Kituuka Olivia , Mwaka Erisa Sabakaki , Munabi Ian Guyton , Galukande Moses , Sewankambo Nelson 
Published: June 2024

Background: In emergency situations, patients and their next of kin must make complex medical and ethical decisions in a quick and timely way. Objectives: To describe the decision-making process during informed consent for emergency surgery among patients and the next of kin of patients who have undergone emergency surgery. Methods: Consecutive sampling of 39 participants and in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted at two tertiary teaching hospitals in Uganda. There were 22 patients and 17 next of kin of patients who had undergone emergency surgery within 24–72 h. Responses about decision-making were coded into themes using the social constructivist theory and phenomenological approach Results: There were four emergent themes; decision-makers, people consulted, documentation of the consent and factors influencing decision-making. Most patients and next of kin made decisions on their own and documented the consent for themselves. Other family members and doctors were consulted during the decision-making process. Decision-making was influenced by reassurance of good outcomes of surgery and disclosure by the doctors. Conclusion: Decisions were made collaboratively with the patient at the center but with input of health personnel, the next of kin and other family members. A communitarian approach combined with shared decision-making between the doctor and the patient and next of kin with adequate discussion and disclosure of information in simple language would improve decision-making for patients and their next of kin.
Does a high threshold of sensory responsiveness affect the development of pretend play in children on the autism spectrum?
Authors: Krzysztofik Karolina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Among the current avenues of research into the origins and development of the autism spectrum, those concerning atypical levels of sensory responsiveness are gaining increasing relevance. Researchers note the relationship of sensory responsiveness in children on the autism spectrum to their motor, cognitive and social development. Current research reports combines the responsiveness to sensory stimuli also with the development of pretend play. Aim of this study was to verify the relationship between the level of development of pretend play and the level of sensory responsiveness in children on the autism spectrum.

Methods
A study was conducted in a group of 63 children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum aged from 3 years and 7 months to 9 years and 3 months using: Pretend Play subscale from the Theory of Mind Mechanism Scale and Sensory Experiences Questionnaire version 2.1.

Results
The results revealed that elevated sensory hyporesponsiveness predicted low pretend play skills in the group of participating children.

Conclusion
The study verified the contribution of the level of sensory hyporesponsiveness to explaining the atypical development of pretend play in children on the autism spectrum.
Lectin Receptor-Like Protein Kinase OsNRFG6 is Required for Embryo Sac Development and Fertilization in Neo-Tetraploid Rice
Authors: Zhao Chongchong , Li Qihang , Ge Qi , Chen Rou , Yu Hang , Wu Jinwen , Liu Xiangdong , Lu Zijun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGreat yield-enhancing prospects of autotetraploid rice was restricted by various polyploidy-induced reproductive dysfunction. To surmount these challenges, our group has generated a series of valuable fertile tetraploid lines (denoted as neo-tetraploid rice) through 20-year efforts. With this context, a G-type lectin receptor-like kinase, OsNRFG6, was identified as a pivotal factor associated with reproductive regulation in neo-tetraploid rice. Nevertheless, it is still elusive about a comprehensive understanding of its precise functional roles and underlying molecular mechanisms during reproduction of neo-tetraploid rice. Here, we demonstrated that OsNRFG6 executed a constitutive expression pattern and encoded proteins localizing in perinucleus and endoplasmic reticulum. Subsequently, four independent mutant lines of OsNRFG6 within neo-tetraploid rice background were further identified, all displaying low seed-setting rate due to abortive embryo sacs and defective double fertilization. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR revealed a significant down-regulation of OsNRFG6 and female reproductive genes such as OsMEL1 and LOG in ovaries prior to and post-fertilization, attributing this effect to OsNRFG6 mutation. Furthermore, through yeast-two hybrids, bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, and luciferase complementation imaging assays, it was determined that OsNRFG6 could interact with itself and two female reproductive proteins (LOG and OsDES1) to form protein complexes. These results elucidate the reproductive functions and molecular pathway governed by OsNRFG6 in regulating fertility of neo-tetraploid rice, offering insights into molecular understanding of fertility improvement in polyploid rice.
Europe-wide spatial trends in copper and imidacloprid sensitivity of macroinvertebrate assemblages
Authors: Jupke Jonathan F. , Sinclair Thomas , Maltby Lorraine , Aroviita Jukka , Barešová Libuše , Bonada Núria , Elexová Emília Mišíková , Ferreira M. Teresa , Lazaridou Maria , Lešťáková Margita , Panek Piotr , Pařil Petr , Peeters Edwin T. H. M. , Polášek Marek , Sandin Leonard , Schmera Dénes , Straka Michal , Schäfer Ralf B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExposure to synthetic chemicals, such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals, affects freshwater communities at broad spatial scales. This risk is commonly managed in a prospective environmental risk assessment (ERA). Relying on generic methods, a few standard test organisms, and safety factors to account for uncertainty, ERA determines concentrations that are assumed to pose low risks to ecosystems. Currently, this procedure neglects potential variation in assemblage sensitivity among ecosystem types and recommends a single low-risk concentration for each compound. Whether systematic differences in assemblage sensitivity among ecosystem types exist or their size, are currently unknown. Elucidating spatial patterns in sensitivity to chemicals could therefore enhance ERA precision and narrow a fundamental knowledge gap in ecology, the Hutchinsonian shortfall. We analyzed whether taxonomic turnover between field-sampled macroinvertebrate assemblages of different broad river types across Europe results in systematic differences in assemblage sensitivity to copper and imidacloprid. We used an extensive database of macroinvertebrate assemblage compositions throughout Europe and employed a hierarchical species sensitivity distribution model to predict the concentration that would be harmful to 5% of taxa (HC5) in each assemblage. Predicted $$H{C}_{5}$$

H

C
5

values varied over several orders of magnitude. However, variation within the 95% highest density intervals remained within one order of magnitude. Differences between the river types were minor for imidacloprid and only slightly higher for copper. The largest difference between river-type-specific median $$H{C}_{5}$$

H

C
5

values was a factor of 3.1. This level of variation is below the assessment factors recommended by the European Food Safety Authority and therefore would be captured in the current ERA for plant protection products. We conclude that the differences in taxonomic composition between broad river types translate into relatively small differences in macroinvertebrate assemblage sensitivity toward the evaluated chemicals at the European scale. However, systematic differences in bioavailability and multi-stressor context were not evaluated and might exacerbate the differences in the ecological effects of chemicals among broad river types in real-world ecosystems.