bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical conversion of sulfur dioxide with a rotating cylinder electrode working as anode or cathode
Authors: Fornés Juan P , González Gabriel A , Bisang José M 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDA batch electrochemical reactor with a rotating cylinder electrode is analysed for the transformation of sulfur dioxide into either sulfuric acid or colloidal sulfur.RESULTSPotentiostatic experiments carried out at 30 °C and 500 rpm with 5 g L−1 SO2 in 0.5 mol L−1 H2SO4 conclude that −0.7 V, against SCE, represents an appropriate potential for the sulfur production at a 316 L stainless steel cathode. The figures of merit were: 0.15 kg m−3 h−1 space time yield and 39.7 kWh kg−1 for specific energy consumption. Galvanostatic experiments at 30 °C and 1000 rpm with three‐dimensional electrodes identify graphite felt as a promising anodic material. Using a gas phase of 5% SO2 in nitrogen and 0.5 mol L−1 H2SO4 as supporting electrolyte, a macrokinetic current density of 100 mA cm−2 represents an appropriate value, being the space time yield 7.58 kg m−3 h−1 with 2.86 kWh kg−1 specific energy consumption.CONCLUSIONAn electrochemical reactor with a rotating cylinder electrode showed a good performance for the production of colloidal sulfur. Sulfur dioxide was also converted into sulfuric acid including a separator in a reactor with a three‐dimensional rotating cylinder anode and co‐current gas and liquid flows. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
It is time for justice: How time changes what we know about justice judgments and justice effects
Authors: Fortin Marion , Cojuharenco Irina , Patient David , German Hayley 
Published: October 2014

SummaryOrganizational justice is an important determinant of workplace attitudes, decisions, and behaviors. However, understanding workplace fairness requires not only examining what happens but also when it happens, in terms of justice events, perceptions, and reactions. We organize and discuss findings from 194 justice articles with temporal aspects, selected from over a thousand empirical justice articles. By examining temporal aspects, our findings enrich and sometimes challenge the answers to three key questions in the organizational justice literature relating to (i) when individuals pay attention to fairness, including specific facets, (ii) how fairness judgments form and evolve, and (iii) how reactions to perceived (in)justice unfold. Our review identifies promising avenues for empirical work and emphasizes the importance of developing temporal theories of justice. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk
Authors: Markiewicz‐Kęszycka Maria , Czyżak‐Runowska Grażyna , Wójtowski Jacek , Jóźwik Artur , Pankiewicz Radosław , Łęska Bogusława , Krzyżewski Józef , Strzałkowska Nina , Marchewka Joanna , Bagnicka Emilia 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDMares' milk is becoming increasingly popular in Western Europe. This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.RESULTSThe analysis conducted showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk. In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased. Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August). Mares' milk was characterised by low somatic cell count throughout lactation. In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6‐month storage of lyophilised milk.CONCLUSIONIn general, the results confirmed that mares' milk is a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Two polydimethylsiloxane rod extraction methods for the sensitive determination of phenolic compounds in water samples
Authors: Valls‐Cantenys Carme , Iglesias Mònica , Salvadó Victòria 
Published: October 2014

Simple, precise, and low‐cost methods for the simultaneous determination of phenolic endocrine disrupting compounds such as bisphenol A, trichlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, 4‐nonylphenol, and 4‐octylphenol in water samples were developed. The Direct, in situ derivatization methods are based on polydimethylsiloxane rod extraction followed by liquid desorption and chromatographic analysis by liquid chromatography and diode array detection. Several parameters affecting the extraction and desorption of the phenolic compounds and their acetylated derivates were studied, as well as the chromatographic and detection conditions. For the direct method, determination coefficients (r2) > 0.990 and LODs in the 0.6–2 μg/L range were obtained for all compounds except bisphenol A (9.5 μg/L). With the derivatization‐based method, based on in situ acetylation, lower limits of detection (0.3–0.9 μg/L) were obtained for all the compounds with r2 > 0.988 and RSDs in the 2–9% range. The developed methods were applied to the analysis of spiked water samples obtaining recoveries of between 60.2 and 131.7% for the direct method, and of between 76.6 and 108.2% for the derivatization‐based method. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using these two methods for determining bisphenol A, trichlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, 4‐nonylphenol, and 4‐octylphenol in water.
Simultaneous determination of seven phenolic acids in three Salvia species by capillary zone electrophoresis with β‐cyclodextrin as modifier
Authors: Cao Jiliang , Wei Jinchao , Tian Ke , Su Huanxing , Wan Jianbo , Li Peng 
Published: October 2014

A capillary zone electrophoresis method was developed for the simultaneous determination of seven phenolic acids, including protocatechuic aldehyde (1), salvianolic acid C (2), rosmarinic acid (3), salvianolic acid A (4), danshensu (5), salvianolic acid B (6), and protocatechuic acid (7), in Danshen and related medicinal plants. A running buffer composed of 20 mM sodium tetraborate adjusted to pH 9.0, and containing 12 mM β‐cyclodextrin as modifier. Baseline separation was achieved within 17 min running at the voltage of 20 kV, temperature of 25°C and detection wavelength of 280 nm. The relative standard deviations of migration time ranged from 0.2 to 0.7% and the peak area ranged from 1.5 to 3.7% for the seven analytes, indicating the good repeatability of the proposed method. The method was extensively validated by evaluating the linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9992), limits of detection (0.14–0.36 μg/mL), limits of quantification (0.47–1.19 μg/mL), and recovery (96.0–102.6%). Under the optimum conditions, samples of Danshen and related medicinal plants were analyzed using the developed method with high separation efficiency.
The Calm before the Storm: Examining Emotion Regulation Consumption in the Face of an Impending Disaster
Authors: Kemp Elyria , Kennett‐Hensel Pamela A. , Williams Kim H. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTIn the midst of the physical damage and collective stress created by natural disasters, individuals come to terms with their utter lack of control. In the process, a myriad of emotions are experienced, with many of them being negative in nature. Research suggests that during moderately challenging situations individuals experiencing negative emotions may engage in coping attempts to improve their emotional state. Consumption has been one strategy used by individuals to mitigate negative emotions. This research extends previous research by exploring whether such emotion regulation processes occur in extreme conditions such as natural disasters. Specifically, it examines the emotions experienced by individuals, the antecedents of these emotions, as well as how individuals regulate their emotions through consumption. A conceptual model is proposed and tested in Study 1 and findings are once again corroborated in a follow‐up study. Implications for mitigating negative emotions and improving subjective well‐being during extreme crisis situations are discussed.
Effects of Construal Level on Omission Detection and Multiattribute Evaluation
Authors: Pfeiffer Bruce E. , Deval Hélène , Kardes Frank R. , Ewing Douglas R. , Han Xiaoqi , Cronley Maria L. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTResearch has demonstrated that consumers are commonly insensitive to missing information and that this insensitivity can lead them to form strong beliefs and evaluations on the basis of weak evidence. A growing body of research has shown that sensitivity to omissions can be heightened and that this increased sensitivity results in more appropriate evaluations. Expanding on this, the current research finds that the level of abstraction by which a situation is construed can influence the likelihood of omission detection and the resulting evaluative judgments. A series of studies reveal that people are more likely to spontaneously detect omissions in near vs. distant judgments, in concrete vs. abstract mindsets, and when they are inherently more likely to interpret actions in concrete vs. abstract terms. Further, although prior findings suggest that people may have differential sensitivity to primary and secondary missing features at different levels of construal, the current research finds no such difference. The results of this study indicate that people are more sensitive to all types of missing information when construal levels are low, and that this sensitivity leads to more moderate and appropriate judgments.
Who is the “Self” that Buys?: An Exploratory Examination of Imaginative Consumption and Explanation of Opinion Leadership
Authors: Cowan Kirsten L. , Dai Bo 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTThe present research, first, combines literatures on self‐theory, imaginative consumption, and opinion leadership. Second, the research, using self‐theory, explores individual difference variables predictive of imaginative consumption in two studies using different populations. The results reveal fashion product involvement, self‐esteem, fashion knowledge, idea shopping motivation, and probability of a mispurchase influence the degree to which an individual imaginatively consumes fashion products. Third, the research makes a contribution by explaining from where opinion leaders derive their abilities—imaginative consumption. In contributing to scholarly work, the research explains the role of imagination and opinion leadership in both theories of self‐verification and self‐enhancement. Managerial implications include identifying potential opportunities for marketing communications and retail management. The findings are promising and encourage further exploration of the phenomenon of imaginative consumption.
Eclipsing: When Celebrities Overshadow the Brand
Authors: Ilicic Jasmina , Webster Cynthia M. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTThis paper applies Gestalt psychology and associative network theory to examine the effect of eclipsing in celebrity endorsement on consumer attitude towards the endorsed brand. Eclipsing occurs when the celebrity overshadows the endorsed brand by dominating in an advertisement and diminishing the associative link between the celebrity and endorsed brand. Three studies take into account match‐up, celebrity attachment, brand familiarity, and the moderating role of eclipsing, through manipulating two levels of eclipsing in advertising: (1) high eclipsing, when the celebrity is the focus, and (2) low eclipsing, when both the celebrity and brand are emphasized. Consumers who have a weak attachment to the celebrity endorser report a more positive brand attitude when they see the celebrity and endorsed brand both emphasized in an advertisement (low eclipsing) than when the celebrity overshadows and dominates the brand (high eclipsing), irrespective of whether consumers perceive the celebrity and brand to match or mismatch. For consumers with strong celebrity attachment, high eclipsing enhances brand attitude, regardless of whether they perceive the celebrity and brand to either match or mismatch. The findings of these studies have significant implications for advertisers and brand managers in the execution of their advertisements featuring endorsements.
The Design of Dextran‐Based Hypoxia‐Inducible Hydrogels via In Situ Oxygen‐Consuming Reaction
Authors: Park Kyung Min , Blatchley Michael R. , Gerecht Sharon 
Published: October 2014

Hypoxia plays a critical role in the development and wound healing process, as well as a number of pathological conditions. Here, dextran‐based hypoxia‐inducible (Dex‐HI) hydrogels formed with in situ oxygen consumption via a laccase−medicated reaction are reported. Oxygen levels and gradients were accurately predicted by mathematical simulation. It is demonstrated that Dex‐HI hydrogels provide prolonged hypoxic conditions up to 12 h. The Dex‐HI hydrogel offers an innovative approach to delineate not only the mechanism by which hypoxia regulates cellular responses, but may facilitate the discovery of new pathways involved in the generation of hypoxic and oxygen gradient environments.
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Core‐and‐Surface‐Functionalized Polyphenylene Dendrimers for Solution‐Processed, Pure‐Blue Light‐Emitting Diodes Through Surface‐to‐Core Energy Transfer
Authors: Zhang Guang , Baumgarten Martin , Auer Manuel , Trattnig Roman , List‐Kratochvil Emil J. W. , Müllen Klaus 
Published: October 2014

Several pyrene‐based polyphenylene dendrimers (PYPPDs) with different peripheral chromophores (PCs) are synthesized and characterized. Deep blue emissions solely from the core are observed for all of them in photoluminescence spectra due to good steric shielding of the core and highly efficient surface‐to‐core Förster resonant energy transfers (FRETs). Device performances are found in good correlation with the energy gaps between the work function of the electrodes and the frontier molecular orbital (FMO) levels of the PCs. Pure blue emission, luminance as high as 3700 cd m−2 with Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage 1931 (CIExy) = (0.16, 0.21), and a peak current efficiency of 0.52 cd A−1 at CIExy = (0.17, 0.20) are achieved. These dendrimers are among the best dendritic systems so far for fluorescent blue light‐emitting materials.
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Fetal lung growth represented by longitudinal changes in MRI‐derived fetal lung volume parameters predicts survival in isolated left‐sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Coleman Alan , Phithakwatchara Nisarat , Shaaban Aimen , Keswani Sundeep , Kline‐Fath Beth , Kingma Paul , Haberman Beth , Lim Foong‐Yen 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate fetal lung growth rate for isolated left‐sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) using serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based volumetric measures.MethodsEarly and late gestational (22–30 and >30 weeks' gestation) lung volumetry was obtained by fetal MRI in 47 cases of isolated left‐sided CDH. At both of these time points, lung volume indices, including total lung volume (TLV), observed to expected TLV (o/e TLV), and percentage of predicted lung volume (PPLV) as well as their change rates (Δ) and relative Δ during gestation were calculated and analyzed in regard to their capacity to predict neonatal survival.ResultsTLV, o/e TLV, and PPLV had various changes during gestation. Late TLV, early and late o/e TLV, and late PPLV were predictive of neonatal survival. Non‐survivors had lower ΔTLV and more negative relative ΔPPLV than survivors (1.18 vs 1.85 mL/week, P = 0.004 and −4.15%/week vs −1.95%/week, P = 0.002, respectively).ConclusionsThe severity of pulmonary hypoplasia is dynamic and can worsen in the third trimester. MRI lung volumetry repeated in late gestation can provide additional information on individual lung growth that may facilitate prenatal counseling and focus perinatal management. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A First Rock Glacier Inventory for the Bolivian Andes
Authors: Rangecroft Sally , Harrison Stephan , Anderson Karen , Magrath John , Castel Ana Paola , Pacheco Paula 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTRock glaciers in the arid Bolivian Andes are potentially important water sources, but little is known about their spatial distribution and characteristics. We provide the first rock glacier inventory for the region (15–22°S), based on mapping using remote sensing data in Google Earth, supported by field validation. Of the 94 rock glaciers identified, 57 per cent were classified as active (containing ice) and the remaining as relict (not containing ice). The majority (87%) have a southerly aspect (SE, S and SW), and the rock glacier length and area averages were 500 m and 0.12 km2, respectively. We approximate the lower limit of permafrost to be at 4700 m in the Bolivian Andes, with the mean minimum altitude of rock glacier fronts estimated to be 4980 m for active rock glaciers, and about 100 m lower for relict rock glaciers. The inventory provides an important first step towards assessing the spatial distribution of regional permafrost as well as information to allow permafrost‐based water resources in the Bolivian Andes to be understood against a backdrop of severe glacier recession. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of a structural alphabet to find compatible folds for amino acid sequences
Authors: Mahajan Swapnil , de Brevern Alexandre G. , Sanejouand Yves‐Henri , Srinivasan Narayanaswamy , Offmann Bernard 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe structural annotation of proteins with no detectable homologs of known 3D structure identified using sequence‐search methods is a major challenge today. We propose an original method that computes the conditional probabilities for the amino‐acid sequence of a protein to fit to known protein 3D structures using a structural alphabet, known as “Protein Blocks” (PBs). PBs constitute a library of 16 local structural prototypes that approximate every part of protein backbone structures. It is used to encode 3D protein structures into 1D PB sequences and to capture sequence to structure relationships. Our method relies on amino acid occurrence matrices, one for each PB, to score global and local threading of query amino acid sequences to protein folds encoded into PB sequences. It does not use any information from residue contacts or sequence‐search methods or explicit incorporation of hydrophobic effect. The performance of the method was assessed with independent test datasets derived from SCOP 1.75A. With a Z‐score cutoff that achieved 95% specificity (i.e., less than 5% false positives), global and local threading showed sensitivity of 64.1% and 34.2%, respectively. We further tested its performance on 57 difficult CASP10 targets that had no known homologs in PDB: 38 compatible templates were identified by our approach and 66% of these hits yielded correctly predicted structures. This method scales‐up well and offers promising perspectives for structural annotations at genomic level. It has been implemented in the form of a web‐server that is freely available at http://www.bo‐protscience.fr/forsa.
The solution structure of the forkhead box‐ODNA binding domain of Brugia malayiDAF‐16a
Authors: Casper Sarah K. , Schoeller Scott J. , Zgoba Danielle M. , Phillips Andrew J. , Morien Thomas J. , Chaffee Gary R. , Sackett Peter C. , Peterson Francis C. , Crossgrove Kirsten , Veldkamp Christopher T. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTBrugia malayi is a parasitic nematode that causes lymphatic filariasis in humans. Here the solution structure of the forkhead DNA binding domain of Brugia malayi DAF‐16a, a putative ortholog of Caenorhabditis elegans DAF‐16, is reported. It is believed to be the first structure of a forkhead or winged helix domain from an invertebrate. C. elegans DAF‐16 is involved in the insulin/IGF‐I signaling pathway and helps control metabolism, longevity, and development. Conservation of sequence and structure with human FOXO proteins suggests that B. malayi DAF‐16a is a member of the FOXO family of forkhead proteins. Proteins 2014; 82:3490–3496. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Compatibility of reduced‐risk insecticides with the non‐target predatory mite Iphiseius degenerans (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Authors: Döker İsmail , Pappas Maria L , Samaras Konstantinos , Triantafyllou Anneta , Kazak Cengiz , Broufas George D 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDIphiseius degenerans (Berlese) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a common predatory mite in citrus orchards in some areas of the Mediterranean basin and an important biological control agent of the thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programmes in greenhouse crops. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the ‘reduced‐risk’ insecticides acetamiprid, chlorantraniliprole, flubendiamide, metaflumizone, methoxyfenozide, spinetoram and thiamethoxam on I. degenerans, as a means of testing their compatibility in IPM programmes.RESULTSAlthough all pesticides decreased immature survival, high mortality was only recorded for young larvae when exposed to acetamiprid, while metaflumizone, thiamethoxam and spinetoram resulted in intermediate lethal effects. The estimated LC50 values of acetamiprid, spinetoram and thiamethoxam for I. degenerans females were 0.52, 0.84 and 0.16‐fold lower than the respective maximum recommended doses of the pesticides for field application. Although all pesticides tested significantly decreased fecundity, highest rates corresponded to the three pesticides already mentioned.CONCLUSIONChlorantraniliprole, flubendiamide and methoxyfenozide may preliminarily be included in IPM programmes, whereas the effects of acetamiprid, metaflumizone, spinetoram and thiamethoxam on I. degenerans should be clarified in further field toxicological tests. This information could be useful for rationally planning and implementing pest management on a sustainable basis. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Resistance to lambda‐cyhalothrin in Spanish field populations of Ceratitis capitata and metabolic resistance mediated by P450 in a resistant strain
Authors: Arouri Rabeh , Le Goff Gaelle , Hemden Hiethem , Navarro‐Llopis Vicente , M'saad Mariem , Castañera Pedro , Feyereisen René , Hernández‐Crespo Pedro , Ortego Félix 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe withdrawal of malathion in the European Union in 2009 resulted in a large increase in lambda‐cyhalothrin applications for the control of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, in Spanish citrus crops.RESULTSSpanish field populations of C. capitata have developed resistance to lambda‐cyhalothrin (6–14‐fold), achieving LC50 values (129–287 ppm) higher than the recommended concentration for field treatments (125 ppm). These results contrast with the high susceptibility to lambda‐cyhalothrin found in three Tunisian field populations. We have studied the mechanism of resistance in the laboratory‐selected resistant strain W‐1Kλ (205‐fold resistance). Bioassays with synergists showed that resistance was almost completely suppressed by the P450 inhibitor PBO. The study of the expression of 53 P450 genes belonging to the CYP4, CYP6, CYP9 and CYP12 families in C. capitata revealed that CYP6A51 was overexpressed (13–18‐fold) in the resistant strain. The W‐1Kλ strain also showed high levels of cross‐resistance to etofenprox (240‐fold) and deltamethrin (150‐fold).CONCLUSIONField‐evolved resistance to lambda‐cyhalothrin has been found in C. capitata. Metabolic resistance mediated by P450 appears to be the main resistance mechanism in the resistant strain W‐1Kλ. The levels of cross‐resistance found may compromise the effectiveness of other pyrethroids for the control of this species. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry