bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Mesothelin Measurement in Patients With Cytology-Negative Pleural Effusion Undergoing Medical Thoracoscopy
Authors: Leong Su Lyn , Lee Y. C. Gary , Robinson Bruce W. , Creaney Jenette 
Published: April 2015

Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rapidly fatal tumor of increasing worldwide incidence. Diagnosis of MPM may be difficult and is an area of academic and clinical interest. Diagnosis by effusion cytology is controversial, and the clinical utility of soluble biomarkers, particularly mesothelin, remains unexplored in the difficult to diagnose patient. Objectives: We studied the diagnostic value of measuring mesothelin in patients with cytology-negative pleural effusion undergoing medical thoracoscopy. Methods: Patients were enrolled prospectively and underwent medical thoracoscopy. Biopsy samples were reviewed following standard care guidelines. Soluble mesothelin was quantitated by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in effusion and serum samples collected at the time of thoracoscopy. Patients were followed up until death or for a median of 28 (interquartile range 18-43) months. Results: Biopsy for thoracoscopy was definitive for malignancy in 17 of the 36 cases (16 MPM and 1 lung adenocarcinoma) and suspicious of malignancy in 6 cases. A final diagnosis of malignancy was made for 27 cases (24 MPM, 2 lung adenocarcinoma, and 1 primary pleural T-cell lymphoma). At thoracoscopy, soluble mesothelin was elevated in the effusion of 13 cases all of which were MPM. Serum mesothelin was elevated in 6 cases with MPM. One case with elevated mesothelin on whom thoracoscopic biopsy demonstrated a pleural plaque was diagnosed with metastatic MPM 9 months later. Conclusion: Elevated effusion mesothelin had a positive predictive value of 100% for a final diagnosis of MPM. Elevated mesothelin, in effusion or serum, should raise the index of suspicion of malignancy and warrants continued clinical follow-up.
High frequency of MYD88 mutations in vitreoretinal B-cell lymphoma: a valuable tool to improve diagnostic yield of vitreous aspirates
Authors: Bonzheim Irina , Giese Sabrina , Deuter Christoph , Süsskind Daniela , Zierhut Manfred , Waizel Maria , Szurman Peter , Federmann Birgit , Schmidt Janine , Quintanilla-Martinez Leticia , Coupland Sarah E. , Bartz-Schmidt Karl Ulrich , Fend Falko 
Published: April 2015

Key Points
MYD88 mutation analysis significantly improves the detection rate of vitreoretinal B-cell lymphoma. The high frequency of MYD88 mutations in primary VRL provides further evidence that VRL and primary CNS lymphoma represent the same entity.
Ability of dynamic holography in self-assembled hybrid nanostructured silica films for all-optical switching and multiplexing
Authors: Telbiz German , Bugaychuk Svitlana , Leonenko Eugen , Derzhypolska Liudmyla , Gnatovskyy Vladimir , Pryadko Igor 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe sol-gel method has been employed in the fabrication of easily processable mesostructured films consisting of a nonionic surfactant and silica as the inorganic component. The ability of the occluded Pluronic P123 mesostructures to solubilize guest molecules made these films ideal host matrices for organic dyes and molecular assemblies, possessing substantial nonlinear susceptibilities. These films were explored for use as the photonic layer in all-optical time-to-space converters and proved successful at increasing the optical response of the intercalated dyes to a point that would make these composite films applicable for use as the photonic layer. Recording of a dynamical grating in a single-pulse regime has been obtained. Since the dynamical grating exhibits the fast relaxation time (up to 10 ns), the nonlinear mechanism represents an electronic excitation of the photosensitive molecules. As far as the dye molecules are distributed in nanoporous silica, a model of ‘gas of molecular dye’ may be rightly used in order to consider nonlinear optical properties in the nanostructured hybrid films. We suppose that further improvement of the nonlinear optical nanomaterials may follow on the way to embed additional inclusions, which will not promote the heat accumulation in the host matrix and will lead to effective dissipation of the heat energy.PACS:78.20.-e; 42.70 -а; 42.79
Reappraisal of the diagnostic and prognostic value of morning stiffness in arthralgia and early arthritis: results from the Groningen EARC, Leiden EARC, ESPOIR, Leiden EAC and REACH
Authors: van Nies Jessica AB , Alves Celina , Radix-Bloemen Audrey LS , Gaujoux-Viala Cécile , Huizinga Tom WJ , Hazes Johanna MW , Brouwer Elisabeth , Fautrel Bruno , Mil Annette HM van der Helm-van 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Morning stiffness is assessed daily in the diagnostic process of arthralgia and arthritis, but large-scale studies on the discriminative ability are absent. This study explored the diagnostic value of morning stiffness in 5,202 arthralgia and arthritis patients and the prognostic value in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods
In arthralgia patients referred to the Early Arthritis Recognition Clinics (EARC) of Leiden (n = 807) and Groningen (n = 481) or included in the Rotterdam Early Arthritis Cohort (REACH) study (n = 353), the associations (cross-sectional analyses) between morning stiffness and presence of arthritis at physical examination were studied. In early arthritis patients, included in the Leiden Early Arthritis Clinic (EAC) (n = 2,748) and Evaluation et Suivi de POlyarthrites Indifférenciées Récentes (ESPOIR) (n = 813), associations with fulfilling the 2010-RA criteria after one year were assessed. In 2010-RA patients included in the EAC (n = 1,140) and ESPOIR (n = 677), association with the long-term outcomes of disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)-free sustained remission and radiological progression were determined. Morning stiffness was defined as a duration ≥60 minutes; sensitivity analyses were performed for other definitions.

Results
In arthralgia, morning stiffness (≥60 minutes) associated with the presence of arthritis; Leiden EARC odds ratio (OR) 1.49 (95% CI 1.001 to 2.20), Groningen EARC OR 2.21 (1.33 to 3.69) and REACH OR 1.55 (0.97 to 2.47) but the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) were low (0.52, 0.57, 0.54). In early arthritis, morning stiffness was associated with 2010-RA independent of other predictors (Leiden EAC OR 1.72 (95% CI 1.31 to 2.25, AUC 0.68), ESPOIR OR 1.68 (1.03 to 2.74, AUC 0.64)). Duration of ≥30 minutes provided optimal discrimination for RA in early arthritis. Morning stiffness was not associated with radiological progression or DMARD-free sustained remission.

Conclusions
Morning stiffness in arthralgia and early arthritis is associated with arthritis and RA respectively. This supports the incorporation of morning stiffness in the diagnostic process.
Clinical characteristics of bipolar disorder: a comparative study between Argentina and the United States
Authors: Holtzman Jessica N , Lolich Maria , Ketter Terence A , Vázquez Gustavo H 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Background
Bipolar disorder presents with diverse clinical manifestations. Numerous investigators have sought to identify variables that may predict a more severe illness course.

Methods
With the objective of studying the clinical characteristics of bipolar patients between South and North America, a comparison was performed between a sample from Argentina (n = 449) and a sample from the United States (n = 503) with respect to demographics and clinical characteristics, including presence of comorbidities.

Results
The Argentinian sample had more unfavorable demographics and higher rates of prior psychiatric hospitalization and prior suicide attempt but a better social outcome. However, the sample from the United States had a higher rate of prior year rapid cycling, as well as younger bipolar disorder onset age (mean ± SD, 17.9 ± 8.4 vs. 27.1 ± 11.4 years) and more severe clinical morbidity, though there was no significant difference in terms of the total duration of the illness. Argentinian compared to American patients were taking more mood stabilizers and benzodiazepines/hypnotics, but fewer antipsychotics and other psychotropic medications, when considering patients in aggregate as well as when stratifying by illness subtype (bipolar I versus bipolar II) and by illness onset age (≤21 vs. >21 years). However, there was no significant difference in rate of antidepressant prescription between the two samples considered in aggregate.

Conclusions
Although possessing similar illness durations, these samples presented significant clinical differences and distinctive prescription patterns. Thus, though the Argentinian compared to North American patients had more unfavorable demographics, they presented a better social outcome and, in several substantive ways, more favorable illness characteristics. In both samples, early onset (age ≤ 21 years) was a marker for poor prognosis throughout the illness course, although this phenomenon appeared more robust in North America.
Synthesis and
in vitro
characterizations of porous carboxymethyl cellulose-poly(ethylene oxide) hydrogel film
Authors: Lee Su Yeon , Bang Sumi , Kim Sumi , Jo Seong Yeon , Kim Bum-Chul , Hwang Yunjae , Noh Insup 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

Background

Cellulose and its derivatives such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) have been employed as a biomaterial for their diverse applications such as tissue engineering, drug delivery and other medical materials. Porosity of the scaffolds has advantages in their applications to tissue engineering such as more cell adhesion and migration leading to better tissue regeneration. After synthesis of CMC-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) hydrogel by mixing the solutions of both CMC-acrylate and PEO-
hexa
-thiols, fabrication and evaluation of a CMC-PEO gel and its film in porous form have been made for its possible applications to tissue regeneration. Physicochemical and biological properties of both CMC-PEO hydrogel and porous films have been evaluated by using physicochemical assays by SEM, FTIR and swelling behaviors as well as
in vitro
assays of MTT, Neutral red, BrdU, gel covering and tissue ingrowth into the pores of the CMC-PEO gel films. Degradation of CMC-PEO hydrogel was also evaluated by treating with esterase over time.

Results

Chemical grafting of acrylate to CMC was verified by analyses of both FTIR and NMR. CMC-PEO hydrogel was obtained by mixing two precursor polymer solutions of CMC-acrylate and PEO-
hexa
-thiols and by transforming into a porous CMC-PEO gel film by gas forming of ammonium bicarbonate particles. The fabricated hydrogel has swollen in buffer to more than 6 times and degraded by esterase. The results of
in vitro
assays of live and dead, MTT, BrdU, Neutral red and gel covering on the cells showed excellent cell compatibility of CMC-PEO hydrogel and porous gel films. Furthermore the porous films showed excellent
in vitro
adhesion and migration of cells into their pore channels as observed by H&E and MT stains.

Conclusions
Both CMC-PEO hydrogel and porous gel films showed excellent biocompatibility and were expected to be a good candidate scaffold for tissue engineering.
Structure and Property Investigations of the Lowest Energy Poly(amidoamine)-CH2CH3 Conformers
Authors: Jin Tao , Kong Fan-mei , Bai Rui-qin 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Density functional theory is used to optimize the minimum conformers of the lowest generation (G0) ethyl (CH2CH3)-terminated poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers with UB3LYP/6-31++G** methods in the gas phase. The obtained a, b, c, and d conformers are the most stable, and all the secondary amide groups are in the trans-position except for the a conformer. The terminal group rotation, the intramolecular hydrogen bonding, and interbranch interactions all minimize the energy of the conformers. The IR spectra of the lowest energy conformers of PAMAM-CH2CH3 are also studied.
Enhanced High-temperature Carbon Sequestration with Ceramic-based Sorbents
Authors: Kumakiri Izumi , Okamoto Takatoshi , Murao Takuya , Tanaka Kazuhiro , Kita Hidetoshi 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Titanium dioxide-based solid sorbents were applied for CO2 capture over 400 °C. Novel reaction route for CO2 capture by Ba2TiO4 is identified. Due to the contribution of a mechanism alternative to what has previously been reported, higher CO2 capture ability has been achieved.
Multi-analyte analysis of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in human plasma using tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Blaich Cornelia , Müller Carsten , Michels Guido , Wiesen Martin H.J. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) apixaban, dabigatran, and rivaroxaban are being administered in fixed doses without routine monitoring of anticoagulant activities. Despite this key advantage over vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), assessment of anticoagulant intensities is required in various clinical circumstances. We developed a multi-analyte approach for mass spectrometric analysis of NOACs in human plasma.Plasma samples were precipitated with acetonitrile. Separation was achieved by liquid chromatography using a C18 column and a gradient elution within a run time of 2.5 min. Positive electrospray ionization was used and ion transitions monitored by a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Stable-isotope-labeled analogues of analytes were employed as internal standards for quantitative analysis. Certified external quality control samples were obtained for external validation.For all analytes, linearity could be demonstrated over the concentration range of 1–500 μg/L (RThe method enables rapid and reliable simultaneous determination of NOAC concentrations in human plasma. It was successfully introduced into clinical practice; a case with rivaroxaban overdose is presented to exemplify the method’s applicability.
Crystal structure of 1,1'-(1,4-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(2-methyl-1Hbenzo[ d]imidazol-3-ium) 2,5-dicarboxyterephthalate, C17H14N2O4
Authors: Li Shi-Hui , Zhang Rui , Zhang Meng-Yin , Zhu Wen-Qing 
Published: April 2015

Abstract C17H14N2O4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.025(1) Å, b = 9.607(2) Å, c = 10.749(2) Å, α = 97.47(3)°, β = 92.10(3)°, γ = 91.01(3)°, V = 718.6 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0564, wRref(F2) = 0.1251, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of 4-(5-(benzoyloxy)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzoic acid monohydrate, C18H16N2O5
Authors: Zhao Chun-Xiang , Ding Yong-Jie , Li Xin , Zhao Hui , Li Juan 
Published: April 2015

Abstract C18H16N2O5, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.716(1) Å, b = 9.969(1) Å, c = 11.435(2) Å, α = 104.535(3)°, β = 104.039(4)°, γ = 111.181(2)°, V = 833.5 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0446, wRref(F2) = 0.1276, T = 296 K.
Effects of Genic Base Composition on Growth Rate in G+C-rich Genomes
Authors: Kelkar Yogeshwar D , Phillips Daniel S , Ochman Howard 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The source and significance of the wide variation in the genomic base composition of bacteria have been a matter of continued debate. Although the variation was originally attributed to a strictly neutral process, i.e., species-specific differences in mutational patterns, recent genomic comparisons have shown that bacteria with G+C-rich genomes experience a mutational bias toward A+T. This difference between the mutational input to a genome and its overall base composition suggests the action of natural selection. Here, we examine if selection acts on G+C contents in Caulobacter crescentus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which both have very G+C-rich genomes, by testing whether the expression of gene variants that differ only in their base compositions at synonymous sites affects cellular growth rates. In C. crescentus, expression of the more A+T-rich gene variants decelerated growth, indicating that selection on genic base composition is, in part, responsible for the high G+C content of this genome. In contrast, no comparable effect was observed in P. aeruginosa, which has similarly high genome G+C contents. Selection for increased genic G+C-contents in C. crescentus acts independently of the species-specific codon usage pattern and represents an additional selective force operating in bacterial genomes.
The impending medical revolution in haemophilia care: one patient’s view
Authors: Jones Adam R. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The history of haemophilia care has been fraught with extreme successes and epic failures. The development of plasmaderived concentrates made prophylactic treatment and home care possible, but the unintended consequences were devastating for a generation and only abated with the emergence of recombinant products. Now with the arrival of longer-acting factor concentrates and the potential offered by gene therapy, further improvements in medical and social outcomes are possible. But these new treatment approaches raise challenging ethical and moral issues that society must be prepared to confront.
History illustrates the danger that privatisation poses to haemophilia
Authors: Owen David 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
David Owen was Labour Health Minister 1974-76 and now sits as an independent social democrat in the House of Lords. Before entering Parliament he trained as a medical doctor at St Thomas’s Hospital, London, where he was Clinical Neurologist and Psychiatric Registrar. He has championed the NHS throughout its existence and is now a powerful advocate for its reinstatement to its original purpose. In this extract from his 2014 book The Health of the Nation, NHS in Peril, David Owen sets out the consequences of the 2012 Health and Social Care Act for the haemophilia community.
Factor Structure of the Internet Addiction Test in Online Gamers and Poker Players
Authors: Khazaal Yasser , Achab Sophia , Billieux Joel , Thorens Gabriel , Zullino Daniele , Dufour Magali , Rothen Stéphane 
Published: April 2015

Background
The Internet Addiction Test (IAT) is the most widely used questionnaire to screen for problematic Internet use. Nevertheless, its factorial structure is still debated, which complicates comparisons among existing studies. Most previous studies were performed with students or community samples despite the probability of there being more problematic Internet use among users of specific applications, such as online gaming or gambling.

Objective
To assess the factorial structure of a modified version of the IAT that addresses specific applications, such as video games and online poker.

Methods
Two adult samples—one sample of Internet gamers (n=920) and one sample of online poker players (n=214)—were recruited and completed an online version of the modified IAT. Both samples were split into two subsamples. Two principal component analyses (PCAs) followed by two confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were run separately.

Results
The results of principal component analysis indicated that a one-factor model fit the data well across both samples. In consideration of the weakness of some IAT items, a 17-item modified version of the IAT was proposed.

Conclusions
This study assessed, for the first time, the factorial structure of a modified version of an Internet-administered IAT on a sample of Internet gamers and a sample of online poker players. The scale seems appropriate for the assessment of such online behaviors. Further studies on the modified 17-item IAT version are needed.
Performance on the Modified Star Excursion Balance Test at the Time of Return to Sport Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Clagg Sarah , Paterno Mark V. , Hewett Timothy E. , Schmitt Laura C. 
Published: April 2015

Study Design Cross-sectional. Objectives To compare performance on the modified Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) between participants with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) at the time of return to sport and uninjured control participants. Background The modified SEBT is a clinical tool to assess neuromuscular control deficits. Deficits in dynamic stability and neuromuscular control persist after ACLR, but assessment with the modified SEBT in this population at the time of return to sport has not been reported. Methods Sixty-six participants (mean age, 17.6 years) at the time of return to sport following unilateral primary ACLR (ACLR group) and 47 uninjured participants (mean age, 17.0 years) serving as a control group participated. For the modified SEBT, the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral reach distances were recorded. Lower extremity muscle strength was quantified with isokinetic dynamometry. Independent-sample t tests were used to evaluate performance differences between the ACLR group and the control group and between the ACLR subgroups. In the ACLR group, bivariate correlations determined the association of modified SEBT performance with time since surgery and lower extremity muscle strength. Results The ACLR group had lower anterior reach distances on the involved and uninvolved limbs compared to the control group. There were no differences observed between groups in reach distances for the posteromedial and posterolateral directions or in limb symmetry indices for any of the reach directions. In the ACLR group, time from surgery and meniscal status at the time of ACLR did not influence modified SEBT performance, whereas participants with patellar bone-tendon-bone grafts had a lower posterolateral reach distance compared to those with hamstring grafts. In the ACLR group, involved-limb hip abduction strength positively correlated with all reach distances, and quadriceps strength positively correlated with posterolateral reach. Conclusion At the time of return to sport, participants post-ACLR demonstrated reduced modified SEBT anterior reach in both involved and uninvolved limbs compared to uninjured participants, with no other group differences. In the ACLR group, modified SEBT reach distance was associated with lower extremity muscle strength, but not with time from reconstruction or meniscal status at the time of ACLR. Lower extremity muscle strength and graft type may interact to influence modified SEBT posterior reach performance, but this requires further study. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 2b-. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(6):444–452. Epub 21 Apr 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5040
Epidemiology of Ankle Sprains and the Risk of Separation From Service in US Army Soldiers
Authors: Bulathsinhala Lakmini , Hill Owen T. , Scofield Dennis E. , Haley Timothy F. , Kardouni Joseph R. 
Published: April 2015

Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Objectives To report the incidence rate of ankle sprains in active-duty soldiers and to examine if soldiers who sustain ankle sprain injuries are more likely to leave the Army than those who do not sustain an ankle sprain. Background Ankle sprains are one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries in physically active people and have been identified as the most common foot or ankle injury in active-duty Army personnel, with a rate of 103 sprains per 1000 soldiers per year. Methods Data were analyzed on the entire active-duty US Army population from 2000 to 2006 (n = 1 014 042). A semi-parametric Cox proportional hazard model was built. Results The overall incidence rate for ankle sprains was 45.14 per 1000 person-years. After controlling for length of service prior to the study period, soldiers who sustained a single ankle sprain were 27% less likely (relative risk ratio = 0.73; 95% confidence interval: 0.73, 0.75) to leave the service than soldiers who had no documented history of an ankle sprain. However, this trend toward increased service time no longer held true for those who sustained a recurrent sprain (risk ratio = 1.07; 95% confidence interval: 0.99, 1.15). Conclusion It appears that individuals who sustain an incident ankle sprain have longer time in service in the Army than those who do not sustain this injury. However, this trend toward longer service time no longer held true for soldiers who sustained a recurrent sprain. This could be an indication that preventing recurrent injury could factor into longer periods of military service. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 2b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(6):477–484. Epub 21 Apr 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5733