bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Religious and Secular Definitions of Secular Adolescents in Israel
Authors: Gross Zehavit 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis study explores the validity of a novel theoretical model for assessing secularity and religiosity that proposes two dimensions — conceptual and inherited — in an effort to further refine the religious/secular dichotomy applied in research to date. These new dimensions describe the manner in which people structure their world, religious or secular world as the case may be, and the significance they ascribe to it. The study, conducted among grade 12 students (N=100) in state (secular) schools in Israel, revealed that only five of the eight types in the theoretical model are manifested empirically: three secular (conceptual, inherited and integrative) and two religious (conceptual and inherited). It posits that the concepts “religious” and “secular” are comprehensive and cannot fully describe the complexity of an individual’s self- and public definition in a modern, pluralistic world.
The Contribution of the Use of English in Africa to Dependency in Mission and Development
Authors: Harries Jim 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
This article looks at the use of English in mission in the Third World, especially Africa. The original attempt to limit the spread of English in British colonies has failed. The West’s perception that use of its languages internationally does away with troublesome cultural differences is shown to be deceptive; African nations’ governing themselves using English are troubled by dependency, incompetence and corruption of their people and institutions. The attraction to African nations of the use of English in formal contexts ignores its negative consequences, including creation of dependency. Unfamiliar categories in English undermine native sensibilities, while implicitly suggesting that native-English speaking nations hold the key to African prosperity. The church — a body that serves primarily neither political nor economic interests — could lead the way to empowering the ‘poor’ in Africa by encouraging the use of indigenous languages.
Migration, Religious Diasporas, and Religious Diversity: A Global Survey
Authors: Johnson Todd M. , Bellofatto Gina A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractVast efforts are put into the collection of statistics in every country of the world relating to religious adherence. Quantitative tools in the context of demography – births, deaths, conversions, defections, immigration, and emigration – provide a comprehensive view of demographic changes in religious diasporas, which are created by the migration of people worldwide. Utilizing the taxonomies of religions and peoples from theWorld Christian Database(WCD) andWorld Religion Database(WRD), a preliminary examination of religious diasporas shows 859 million people (12.5% of the world’s population) from 327 peoples in diasporas around the world. The continuing trend of religious migration around the world is both increasing and intensifying religious diversity, especially in the former Christian West. This paper outlines some key issues relating to religious diversity in the twenty-first century and how the movement of peoples worldwide contributes to those issues.
A Roman Catholic Understanding of Ecumenical Dialogue
Authors: PUTNEY MICHAEL 
Published: November 2012

Abstract<title> ABSTRACT </title>The Decree on Ecumenism and subsequent ecumenical documents indicate a growing commitment to ecumenical dialogue in the Catholic Church. Given the ecclesiology of communion of the Second Vatican Council and foundational ecumenical texts in St John's Gospel, it would be impossible for the Roman Catholic Church to be faithful to Christ if it were not engaged in dialogue with other Christian communions. Such dialogue is necessary for its own self-realization. Only through dialogue will it hear the call to conversion and receive the gifts that only other Christians can offer. for the Catholic Church to cease to be involved in ecumenical dialogue would be not just a moral failure, but an ecclesiological breakdown.
19TH CENTURY SPECTROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS IN ITALIAN ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORIES
Authors: CHINNICI ILEANA 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title Questo paper esamina l'attivit di ricerca condotta in Italia nella seconda met del XIX secolo nel campo della nascente astrofisica, soffermandosi sugli strumenti allora utilizzati dai principali esponenti di questa disciplina e sui costruttori italiani di strumenti spettroscopici. Si tenta quindi di dare una spiegazione della debolezza dell'industria italiana in questo settore che si inquadra nella crisi generale del settore degli strumenti scientifici nel XIX secolo in Italia.
PER UN ARCHIVIO DELLA CORRISPONDENZA DEGLI SCIENZIATI ITALIANI
Authors: CARBONE LUCIANO , PALLADINO FRANCO , GATTO ROMANO 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title Federico Amodeo (1859-1946) was a mathematician and a historian of the mathematical sciences. As a mathematician he was "libero docente" at the University of Naples. His interests extended from projective to algebric geometry and his mathematical research was carried out for the most part from the mid-1880s until the end of the nineteenth century. As a historian he was active from the first years of the twentieth century until his death. In this capacity he was interested in mathematics, mathematicians and institutions in the Kingdom of Naples (later the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, from 1815), and also in the historical development of analytical and projective geometry and the history of conic sections. He held the chair in History of Mathematics in the University of Naples from 1905 until 1910, the year in which the chair was suppressed. Nonetheless he continued to teach this subject as a "libero docente" until 1923. Here we present the list of more than 1.300 writings, constituting his Correspondence, amongst which the letters of Castelnuovo, Pascal, Peano, Segre and Achille Sannia are of particular significance. We also present the complete list of his publications, reconstructed thanks to the consultation of incomplete printed bibliographies and a manuscript list.
REPERTORIO DEI COSTRUTTORI ITALIANI DI STRUMENTI SCIENTIFICI
Authors: LUALDI ALBERTO 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title A biographical inventory of Italian scientific instrument makers has been conducted through extensive research in public and private collections throughout the world. The time-span is comprised between the 16th and the 18th centuries for each maker information about his signed and dated instruments, categories, collections and references has been given. As the first attempt of a listing of Italian makers, it must be considered as a work in progress. In a short time the text will be transfered on Internet to allow new additions and the corrections brought by the continuation of research.
I PRIMI CONTATTI FRA MAUROLICO E CLAVIO: UNA NUOVA EDIZIONE DELLA LETTERA DI FRANCESCO MAUROLICO A FRANCISCO BORGIA
Authors: D'ALESSANDRO PAOLO , NAPOLITANI PIER DANIELE 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title We provide here a new edition of the letter adressed by the mathematician Francesco Maurolico (1494-1575) to Francisco Borgia, general of the Society of Jesus. This allow us to demonstrate that the relationship between Maurolico and Christoph Clavius did not begin before July 1569. The previously known evidence and texts supported different hypotheses and conjectures.
LE CARTE DI ANGELO SECCHI S. J. (1818-1878) CONSERVATE PRESSO LA PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIT GREGORIANA. UN INVENTARIO INEDITO RIVISITATO
Authors: CHINNICI ILEANA , GRAMATOWSKI WIKTOR 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title The main archival documents on the life and the activity of Angelo Secchi S. J. are kept in the archive of the P. Universit Gregoriana in Rome. The enormous and varied collection of documents is an important source which appears to be crucial for the real understanding and evaluation of the work and the personality of Secchi as well as of the complex political and cultural context of his time. A brief introduction containing some biographical notes on Secchi and a description of the collection is followed by the complete inventory of the documents.
AN APPEALING CASE OF SPECTRA: PHOTOGRAPHS ON DISPLAY AT THE ROYAL SOCIETY, LONDON 1891
Authors: GAMBLE SUSAN 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title This essay compares the visual appearance and reception of two differing exhibits of spectroscopic data at the Royal Society's Conversazione of 1891; it is speculative in that there is no photographic record of the objects that were displayed. The authors Gabriel Lippmann (1845-1921) and Charles Piazzi Smyth (1819-1900) represent two different approaches both to astrophysics and photography current at the end of the nineteenth-century. I examine the importance of spectra as 'scientific' and aesthetic images. In particular, I explore how Gabriel Lippmann used the image of a spectrum to promote his invention of an instant 'interference' colour photography to a scientific milieu as well as a popular audience - eventually winning a Nobel Prize for this process in 1908.
TWO NEW ATTRIBUTIONS: A REFRACTIVE DIAL OF GUIDOBALDO DEL MONTE AND THE ROVERINO COMPASS OF FABRIZIO MORDENTE
Authors: CAMEROTA FILIPPO 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title In questo articolo si propongono due nuove attribuzioni riguardanti due strumenti legati dalla comune provenienza urbinate, e precisamente dalla bottega del noto costruttore di strumenti scientifici Simone Barocci. Entrambi sono descritti da Muzio Oddi che offre la testimonianza decisiva per la loro attribuzione. Il primo un raro orologio a rifrazione conservato al Museo di Storia della Scienza di Firenze, documentato nella collezione medicea fin dal 1574 e identificabile con quello che Oddi afferma essere stato fatto costruire ad Urbino nel 1572 da Guidobaldo del Monte. Il secondo un compasso di proporzione conservato al Museo Correr di Venezia, in tutto corrispondente alla descrizione di un compasso che Oddi dice costruito da Simone Barocci per ordine di Fabrizio Mordente intorno al 1570. Quest'ultimo la prima versione del noto compasso che Mordente divulgher negli anni successivi attraverso i suoi trattati.
THE DIOPTRICS OF REFRACTIVE DIALS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY
Authors: DUPRE SVEN 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title Questo articolo tratta di un particolare tipo di strumenti ottici, gli orologi a rifrazione costruiti nel secolo XVI, collocandoli nel contesto delle conoscenze ottiche contemporanee. Verranno affrontate in primo luogo le propriet delle meridiane a rifrazione e la loro introduzione nel XVI secolo a opera del costruttore di strumenti tedesco Georg Hartmann. Si mostrer poi il modo in cui questi orologi a rifrazione venivano costruiti nel '500. Attraverso l'analisi delle note di Ettore Ausonio, il presente saggio sostiene che la procedura utilizzata dai disegnatori di strumenti del XVI secolo per la realizzazione di orologi a rifrazione si fondava sulle conoscenze della rifrazione contemporanee.
L'ONERE DELLA PROVA. IL SANT'UFFIZIO, L'ATOMISMO E I MEDICI ROMANI*
Authors: DONATO MARIA PIA 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title The essay aims at addressing the debates on corpuscular theories in Rome within the context of the political and religious tensions of the late 17th century. Documents in the archives of the Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede allow us to outline the changing attitudes of the Church of Rome towards atomistic philosophy and to highlight the factional clashes within Roman institutions on the issue. These dynamics gave way to the Congresso Medico Romano of G. Brasavola and G.M. Lancisi, an academy which soon became the promoting agent of an eclectic corpuscular medicine. The Holy Office put the success of the moderns into question in 1690, after Alexander VIII had come to the throne. The attack was part of a general repression of atomism (also in Naples and Florence) but also of quietism and freethinking. Despite the crisis, the moderns were able to bind their corpuscularism to a strictly defined epistemological model. In the frame of the contemporary biomedical sciences, questions on the ultimate nature of atoms could be abandoned without dismissing the corpuscular theory and practice of medicine.
PER UN ARCHIVIO DELLA CORRISPONDENZA DEGLI SCIENZIATI ITALIANI
Authors: MESCHIARI ALBERTO 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title William Henry Fox Talbot, pioneer of photography and discoverer of the negative-positive method, was in intermittent correspondence with Giovanni Battista Amici from 1822 to 1844. His original letters, kept by the Biblioteca Estense in Modena together with Amici's copies, are published here completely for the first time.
ATOMS IN FRENCH CHEMISTRY TEXTBOOKS DURING THE FIRST HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY:
Authors: BELMAR ANTONIO GARCA , BERTOMEU SNCHEZ JOS RAMN 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title Gli ELMENS DE CHIMIE medicale di Mateu Orfila i Rotger (1787-1853) costituiscono una eccellente fonte storica per lo studio dell'ascesa e caduta della teoria atomica nella Francia della prima met dell'ottocento. Il libro fu ristampato otto volte fra il 1817 e il 1851; inoltre parecchie versioni ridotte furono pubblicate in inglese, spagnolo, tedesco, italiano e olandese. Vogliamo analizzare in primo luogo come la teoria atomica fu ricevuta dai libri di testo francesi appartenenti alle prime due decadi dell'ottocento. Gli atomi furono visti dagli autori francesi come strumenti pratici e non come novit teoriche. Vedremo come ci occorre nelle prime edizione dei libri di testo di Orfila e Thenard. Alla fine del 1820 nuovi metodi per il calcolo di pesi atomici furono introdotti nei libri di testo, insieme alle formule di Berzelius. Vedremo come la teoria atomica raggiunge il suo punto culminante nei libri di Orfila e Thenard tra le edizioni del 1827 e 1835. Per ultimo discuteremo perch Orfila cancell i pesi atomici della settima edizione del suo libro pubblicato nel 1843. Analizzeremo i suoi argomenti epistemologici, la sua visione della differenza fra atomi ed equivalenti, i suoi interessi per la chimica vegetale e animale e le costrizioni istituzionali (programmi ufficiali) per quello che si riferisce alla teoria atomica. Non si pu ridurre ad un solo motivo la reazione di Orfila rispetto alla teoria atomica nella decade del 1840. Lui scelse una posizione particolare fra le varie prese in quegli anni dagli autori francesi di libri di testo
SUL RITROVAMENTO DI UN CARTEGGIO SCIENTIFICO DI EMANUELE FERGOLA
Authors: CIRELLA EMILIA OLOSTRO , LISA IODICE , GATTO ROMANO 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title This is a short note to announce the discovery of about 150 letters which form part of Emanuele Fergola's correspondence. Formerly in the possession of a relative, Signor Francesco Luccio, they will be added to the already sizeable collection of correspondence conserved in the Historical Archive of the Capodimonte Astronomical observatory of which Fergola was director from 1889 until 1909. A complete inventory of the letters is provided.
THE MEDIEVAL HEBREW AND ITALIAN VERSIONS OF IBN MU'DH'S ON TWILIGHT AND THE RISING OF CLOUDS
Authors: GOLDSTEIN BERNARD R. , SMITH A. MARK 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle RIASSUNTO /title Il breve trattato di Ibn Mu'dh, scienziato arabo spagnolo dell'undicesimo secolo, presenta un metodo singolare per determinare l'altezza dell'atmosfera. L'originale arabo perduto, ma il testo conservato in tre versioni medievali. Due di esse sono tradotte direttamente dall'arabo: una versione latina del tardo dodicesimo secolo attribuibile a Gerardo da Cremona, e una traduzione ebraica di Samuel ben Judah di Marsiglia, redatta nel quattordicesimo secolo. La terza una versione italiana anonima, tradotta dal latino, conservata soltanto in un manoscritto del Trecento. Qui vengono pubblicate le versioni ebraica e italiana.
IL DECLINO DELLA DOTTRINA DEL BLASTEMA
Authors: PARETI GERMANA 
Published: November 2012

Abstract<title> SUMMARY </title>In the 1850s the German rejection of the Schwannian cell-blastema theory relating to cytogenesis implies a re-examination of the common features of new-formations (tumors, cancroids, tubercles) made up of an intermixture of imperfectly formed cells, nuclei and exudates. But the belief that amorphous blastema played no role in the genesis of cells involves the critical analysis objected by R. Virchow to humoral pathology and the discussion of the conceptual error of «ontologizing», i.e. conceiving diseases as distinct entities. Virchow's anticontagionist attack is a feature of this antiontological opposition. In this attitude we can see the transition from the classificatory, natural-historical and genetic principles. The conclusive discussion of the recent interpretations of Virchow's cellular pathology shows the historiographic attitude to change from mechanism to neovitalism in biological theory. This interpretation must not ignore that in the study of tumors Virchow was always in search of a biochemical theory.
RICOSTRUIRE LA BIBLIOTECA DI UNO SCIENZIATO: IL CASO DI A. M. LORGNA
Authors: FARINELLA CALOGERO 
Published: November 2012

Abstract<title> SUMMARY </title>Starting from the recent publication of the mathematician and chemist Anton Maria Lorgna's private library inventory, this paper analyses in detail its peculiarities. Through the analysis of the manuscript correspondence between Lorgna and the Paduan book-seller Carlo Scapin and his Italian and European friends, the A. examines how the library developed. He underlines that the existence of particular groups of books is to be connected with Lorgna's interest in peculiar researches, as it is confirmed by his manuscripts on those arguments kept in the Public Library of Verona.
CATALOGHI DI STRUMENTI SCIENTIFICI NELLA BIBLIOTECA DELL'OSSERVATORIO ASTRONOMICO DI PALERMO*
Authors: FODERÁ GIORGIA , MARTINES FRANCESCA , RANDAZZO DONATELLA 
Published: November 2012

Abstract<title> SUMMARY </title>The present catalogue includes the descriptions of 147 trade publications, dealing with scientific instruments, belonging to the Library of the Palermo Astronomical Observatory. This collection is a rather conspicuous one, especially if one considers the traditionally «ephemeral» nature of such material. A number of catalogues (73) were published before 1915, while the remaining span up to 1972. For consistency with the Handlist of Scientific Instrument-Makers Trade Catalogues, 1600-1914 published in 1990 by R. G. W. Anderson, J. Burnett, B. Gee, of which the present catalogue is meant to be an addendum, we have followed the same temporal partition. Items are listed in alphabetical order by makers' name, and in within publications by the same maker, in chronological order. Descriptions follow the ISBD rules, i.e. they are divided into a sequence of areas, separated by conventional punctuation. Every effort has been made to give publications dates, even though these are sometimes approximative, being desumed from information internal to the text.
STUDIO DI UNA LENTE PER CANNOCCHIALE DI GRANDI DIMENSIONI LAVORATA DA EVANGELISTA TORRICELLI
Authors: SCHETTINO E. , PATERNOSTER, G. , RINZIVILLO, R. 
Published: November 2012

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title The Museum of the Department of Physical Science at the University of Naples holds a large telescope lens, work of Evangelista Torricelli. This lens which probably reached Naples in the first half of XVIII Century was forgotten until it was catalogued and placed with the other scientific instruments in the museum in 1984. The authors update the optic measure of the Torricelli lens taken by Gilberto Govi in 1886 and determine the composition of the lens glass by the fluorescence revealed from X-rays. On the basis of an analysis of correspondence by Torricelli they conclude that this is one of the two lenses which the scientist wrote to the gesuit Raffaello Prodanelli from Rome on October 14, 1645.
Practice Theories: The Latest Turn in Historiography?
Authors: Polyakov Michael 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The linguistic turn in historiography has given way to a ‘cultural’ or ‘practical’ turn over the course of the last several decades. For its proponents, this new development heralds a return of the intentional subject and a re-invigorated concern with the dynamic nature of the social realm. Approaches clustered around the concept of practice, emphasizing routines of daily activities as the backbone of social organization and its stability, specifically seek to resolve the persisting conceptual tension in social sciences between structure and agency. This article surveys the seminal work on the topic of practice, and considers how the approach can be recruited for purposes of historiographic analysis. In defending a tentatively optimistic assessment of practice theory’s usefulness for this purpose, the article also evaluates some of the weaknesses that this approach has yet to cogently address.
The Exemplification Theory of History: Narrativist Philosophy and the Autonomy of History
Authors: van den Akker Chiel 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
The “exemplification theory of history” is proposed to account for the relationship between the past and historical narratives. The theory states that what belongs to the past according to some narrative does so in order to exemplify the historical thesis of that narrative. As such the theory explains how the past receives its meaning. This implies that the past has no intrinsic historical meaning itself. Moreover, it follows that historical narratives possess an autonomy of their own with regard to the past. It is argued that the exemplification theory of history goes to the heart of narrativist philosophy of history. This claim is supported by the key arguments of three narrativist philosophers: Arthur Danto, Louis Mink and Frank Ankersmit. The distinction between the history of social individuals (“states”, “poverty”, “Thirty Years War”) and the identification of such individuals turns out to be fundamental in this respect. The article concludes by distinguishing between a Platonic and an Aristotelian view on narrative and by explaining why we ought to prefer the former to the latter.
Bushfalling at All Cost: The Economy of Migratory Knowledge in Anglophone Cameroon1
Authors: Alpes Maybritt Jill 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Despite high financial costs, deportations and many frustrated departure attempts, young Anglophone Cameroonians maintain high aspirations for migration. In this article, I lay out the social rationalities of aspiring migrants, as well as the economic, symbolic and informational context of their emigration decisions. On the basis of three case studies, I analyze how information on emigration is controlled, processed, and evaluated. While discourses within migration policy often posit that aspiring migrants are naïve and uninformed, I demonstrate how migration choices and strategies are developed under circumstances more complex than can be grasped by the simplistic alternative between being informed or not informed about migratory risks. Rather than to consider flows of information, I argue what matters is whether or not information is trusted and how it is interpreted. By looking at the costs and gains of migration from the standpoint of aspiring migrants, this article shifts the focus towards migration dynamics at the point of departure.