bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive investigation of variants in genes encoding adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and its receptors (ADIPOR1/R2), and their association with serum adiponectin, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Peters Kirsten E , Beilby John , Cadby Gemma , Warrington Nicole M , Bruce David G , Davis Wendy A , Davis Timothy ME , Wiltshire Steven , Knuiman Matthew , McQuillan Brendan M , Palmer Lyle J , Thompson Peter L , Hung Joseph 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundLow levels of serum adiponectin have been linked to central obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Variants inADIPOQ, the gene encoding adiponectin, have been shown to influence serum adiponectin concentration, and along with variants in the adiponectin receptors (ADIPOR1andADIPOR2) have been implicated in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the association of common variants inADIPOQ, ADIPOR1andADIPOR2with serum adiponectin and insulin resistance syndromes in a large cohort of European-Australian individuals.MethodsSixty-four tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms inADIPOQ,ADIPOR1andADIPOR2were genotyped in two general population cohorts consisting of 2,355 subjects, and one cohort of 967 subjects with type 2 diabetes. The association of tagSNPs with outcomes were evaluated using linear or logistic modelling. Meta-analysis of the three cohorts was performed by random-effects modelling.ResultsMeta-analysis revealed nine genotyped tagSNPs inADIPOQsignificantly associated with serum adiponectin across all cohorts after adjustment for age, gender and BMI, including rs10937273, rs12637534, rs1648707, rs16861209, rs822395, rs17366568, rs3774261, rs6444175 and rs17373414. The results of haplotype-based analyses were also consistent. Overall, the variants in theADIPOQgene explained <5% of the variance in serum adiponectin concentration. None of theADIPOR1/R2tagSNPs were associated with serum adiponectin. There was no association between any of the genetic variants and insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome. A multi-SNP genotypic risk score forADIPOQalleles revealed an association with 3 independent SNPs, rs12637534, rs16861209, rs17366568 and type 2 diabetes after adjusting for adiponectin levels (OR=0.86, 95% CI=(0.75, 0.99), P=0.0134).ConclusionsGenetic variation inADIPOQ, but not its receptors, was associated with altered serum adiponectin. However, genetic variation inADIPOQand its receptors does not appear to contribute to the risk of insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome but did for type 2 diabetes in a European-Australian population.
Schizophrenia and potentially preventable hospitalizations in the United States: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Cahoon Elizabeth Khaykin , McGinty Emma E , Ford Daniel E , Daumit Gail L 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundPersons with schizophrenia may face barriers to high quality primary care due to communication difficulties, cognitive impairment, lack of social support, and fragmentation of healthcare delivery services. As a result, this group may be at high risk for ambulatory care sensitive (ACS) hospitalizations, defined as hospitalizations potentially preventable by timely primary care. The goal of this study was to determine if schizophrenia is associated with overall, acute, and chronic ACS hospitalizations in the United States (US).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study. Hospitalization data for the US were obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for years 2003–2008. We examined 15,275,337 medical and surgical discharges for adults aged 18–64, 182,423 of which had a secondary diagnosis of schizophrenia. ACS hospitalizations were measured using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s Prevention Quality Indicators (PQIs). We developed logistic regression models to obtain nationally-weighted odds ratios (OR) for ACS hospitalizations, comparing those with and without a secondary diagnosis of schizophrenia after adjusting for patient, hospitalization, and hospital characteristics.ResultsSchizophrenia was associated with increased odds of hospitalization for acute ACS conditions (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.31, 1.38), as well as for chronic ACS conditions characterized by short-term exacerbations. Schizophrenia was associated with decreased odds of hospitalization for diabetes mellitus long-term complications and diabetes-related lower extremity amputation, conditions characterized by long-term deterioration.ConclusionsAdditional research is needed to determine which individual and health systems factors contribute to the increased odds of hospitalization for acute PQIs in schizophrenia.
Study of Mo (VI) removal from aqueous solution: application of different mathematical models to continuous biosorption data
Authors: Kafshgari Fatemeh , Keshtkar Ali Reza , Mousavian Mohammad Ali 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Molybdenum (VI) biosorption process was investigated by marine algae Cystoseria indica pretreated with 0.1 M CaCl2 solution in a packed bed column. The biosorbent was characterized by FTIR, BET and SEM analyses. The results showed that Mo (VI) ions should be chelated with the hydroxyl, carboxyl and amine groups of the biomass. The effects of inlet metal concentration and flow rate on biosorption process were investigated and the experimental breakthrough curves were obtained. Results showed that the maximum biosorption capacity of Ca-pretreated C. indica for Mo (VI) was found to be 18.32 mg/g at optimum flow rate of (1.4 mL/min). The controlled-rate step shifted from external to internal mass transfer limitations, as the flow rate increased. Also, it was observed that the breakthrough and exhaustion time decreased from 17.14 hr to 9.05 hr and from 0.006 h to 0.002 hr respectively, with the increase of flow rate from 0.7 to 2.1 ML/min. The increase in the initial concentration of Mo (VI) solution from 30 to 95 ml min-1 increases the adsorption capacity from 18.32 to 30.19 mg/g and decreases the percentage of Mo (VI) removal from 61 to 38%. Also, the treated volume was the greatest (1.42 L) at the lowest inlet concentration. Column data obtained under different conditions were described using the Thomas, Yoon and Nelson, Yan and Belter models. The breakthrough curve predictions by Belter model were found to be very satisfactory.
Carbohydrate co-ingestion with protein does not further augment post-prandial muscle protein accretion in older men
Authors: Hamer Henrike M , Wall Benjamin T , Kiskini Alexandra , de Lange Anneke , Groen Bart B L , Bakker Jaap A , Gijsen Annemie P , Verdijk Lex B , van Loon Luc J C 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
A blunted muscle protein synthetic response to protein ingestion may contribute to the age related loss of muscle tissue. We hypothesized that the greater endogenous insulin release following co-ingestion of carbohydrate facilitates post-prandial muscle protein accretion after ingesting a meal-like bolus of protein in older males.

Methods
Twenty-four healthy older men (75±1 y) were randomly assigned to ingest 20 g intrinsically L-[1-13C] phenylalanine-labeled casein protein with (PRO-CHO) or without (PRO) 40 g carbohydrate. Ingestion of specifically produced intrinsically L-[1-13C] phenylalanine labeled protein allowed us to assess post-prandial incorporation of dietary protein derived amino acids into muscle protein. Blood samples were collected at regular intervals, with muscle biopsies being obtained prior to and 2 and 6 h after protein ingestion.

Results
Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations showed a greater increase in PRO-CHO compared with PRO (P<0.001). Muscle protein-bound L-[1-13C] phenylalanine enrichments tended to increase to a greater extent in PRO-CHO compared with PRO during the first 2 h after protein ingestion (0.0072±0.0013 vs 0.0046±0.010 MPE, respectively; P=0.13). However, 6 h after protein ingestion, differences in muscle protein-bound L-[1-13C] phenylalanine enrichments were no longer observed between experiments (0.0213±0.0024 vs 0.0185±0.0010 MPE, respectively; P=0.30).

Conclusions
This study shows that carbohydrate ingestion may accelerate, but does not further augment post-prandial incorporation of dietary protein derived amino acids into muscle protein in healthy elderly men.
Comparison of trunk and spine deformity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Carlson Brandon B , Burton Douglas C , Asher Marc A 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Cobb measurement of standing radiographs is the standard for clinical assessment of coronal spinal deformity. Angle of trunk inclination (ATI) is an accepted clinical measurement of trunk asymmetry, and has variable reported correlations with Cobb angles. Transverse plane spine deformity is most accurately measured using axial computed tomography. Aaro and Dahlbourn’s technique for quantifying apical vertebral rotation with respect to the sagittal plane (RAsag) is commonly reported in the literature. To our knowledge no study has correlated ATI with RAsag. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between commonly used measures of trunk and spine deformity.

Methods
Sixteen females that underwent preoperative apical vertebra(e) CT scans were retrospectively studied. Thoracic and thoracolumbar RAsag measurements were date-matched to clinically obtained ATI and Cobb measurements. Two-tailed Pearson correlations were calculated; α = 0.01.

Results
Median patient age was 14.6 years (11–19); BMI 19.4 (16.0-25.5). Curve patterns: Lenke 1 (5); 2 (5); 3 (1); 4 (1); 5 (2): 6 (2). Twenty-six curves (15T; 11TL) with complete, date-matched data points were analyzed. In thoracic curves, ATI correlated with Cobb (r = 0.711, P < 0.004) and RAsag (r = 0.730, P <0.003). ATI was inversely correlated with Cobb flexibility (r = −0.647, P < 0.01). In thoracolumbar curves, ATI correlated with Cobb (r = 0.789, P < 0.005), and RAsag (r = 0.771, P < 0.006) but not Cobb flexibility (r = − 0.452, P = 0.190).

Conclusions
Trunk and spine thoracic and thoracolumbar transverse plane deformity are correlated, as are trunk transverse plane and spine coronal plane deformity. Increasing trunk deformity limits thoracic, but not thoracolumbar spine flexibility.
Identification and characterization of microRNAs in the pancreatic fluke Eurytrema pancreaticum
Authors: Xu Min-Jun , Wang Chun-Ren , Huang Si-Yang , Fu Jing-Hua , Zhou Dong-Hui , Chang Qiao-Cheng , Zheng Xu , Zhu Xing-Quan 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background

Eurytrema pancreaticum is one of the most common flukes, which mainly infects ruminants globally and infects human beings accidentally; causing eurytremiasis that has high veterinary and economic importance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs and are now considered as a key mechanism of gene regulation at the post-transcription level.

Methods
We investigated the global miRNA expression profile of E. pancreaticum adults using next-generation sequencing technology combined with real-time quantitative PCR.

Results
By using the genome of the closely-related species Schistosoma japonicum as reference, we obtained 27 miRNA candidates out of 16.45 million raw sequencing reads, with 13 of them found as known miRNAs in S. japonicum and/or S. mansoni, and the remaining 14 miRNAs were considered as novel. Five out of the 13 known miRNAs coming from one family named as sja-miR-2, including family members from miR-2a to miR-2e. Targets of 19 miRNAs were successfully predicated out of the 17401 mRNA and EST non-redundant sequences of S. japonicum. It was found that a significant high number of targets were related to “chch domain-containing protein mitochondrial precursor” (n = 29), “small subunit ribosomal protein s30e” (n = 21), and “insulin-induced gene 1 protein” (n = 9). Besides, “egg protein cp3842” (n = 2), “fumarate hydratase” (n = 2), “ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme” (n = 2), and “sperm-associated antigen 6” (n = 1) were also found as targets of the miRNAs of E. pancreaticum.

Conclusions
The present study represents the first global characterization of E. pancreaticum miRNAs, which provides novel resources for a better understanding of the parasite, which, in turn, has implications for the effective control of the disease it causes.
Adaptive evolution of fish hatching enzyme: one amino acid substitution results in differential salt dependency of the enzyme
Authors: Kawaguchi Mari , Yasumasu Shigeki , Shimizu Akio , Kudo Norio , Sano Kaori , Iuchi Ichiro , Nishida Mutsumi 
Published: January 2013

Summary
Embryos of medaka Oryzias latipes hatch in freshwater, while those of killifish Fundulus heteroclitus hatch in brackish water. Medaka and Fundulus possess two kinds of hatching enzymes, high choriolytic enzyme (HCE) and low choriolytic enzyme (LCE), which cooperatively digest their egg envelope at the time of hatching. Optimal salinity of medaka HCE was found to be in 0 M NaCl, and the activity was decreased with increased salt concentrations. One of the two Fundulus HCEs, FHCE1, showed the highest activity in 0 M NaCl, the other FHCE2 did in 0.125 M NaCl. The results suggest that the salt dependencies of HCEs are well adapted to each salinity at the time of hatching. Different from HCE, LCEs of both species maintained the activity sufficient for egg envelope digestion in various salinities. The difference of amino acid sequence between FHCE1 and FHCE2 was found in only a single site at position 36 (Gly/Arg), suggesting that this single substitution causes the different salt dependency between the two enzymes. Superimposition of FHCE1 and FHCE2 with the 3D-structure model of medaka HCE revealed that position 36 was located on the surface of HCE molecule, far from its active site cleft. The results suggest a hypothesis that position 36 influences salt dependent activity of HCE not with recognition of primary structure around the cleavage site but with recognition of higher ordered structure of egg envelope protein.
Ontogenesis of expression of metabolic genes and microRNAs in rainbow trout alevins during the transition from the endogenous to the exogenous feeding period
Authors: Mennigen Jan A. , Skiba-Cassy Sandrine , Panserat Stéphane 
Published: January 2013

Summary
As oviparous fish, rainbow trout change their nutritional strategy during ontogenesis. This change is divided into the exclusive utilization of yolk-sac reserves (endogenous feeding), the concurrent utilization of yolk reserves and exogenous feeds (mixed feeding), and the complete dependence on external feeds (exogenous feeding). The change in food source is accompanied by well-characterized morphologic changes, including the development of adipose tissue as energy storage site, and continuous muscle development to improve foraging. The aim of this study was to investigate underlying molecular mechanisms that contribute to these ontogenetic changes between the nutritional phenotypes in rainbow trout alevins. We therefore analyzed the expression of marker genes of metabolic pathways and microRNAs (miRNAs) important in the differentiation and/or maintenance of metabolic tissues. In exogenously feeding alevins, last enzyme involved in glucose production (g6pca and g6pcb) and lipolytic gene expression (cpt1a and cpt1b) decreased, while that of gk, involved in hepatic glucose use, was induced. This pattern is consistent with a progressive switch from the utilization of stored (gluconeogenic) amino acids and lipids in endogenously feeding alevins to a utilization of exogenous feeds via the glycolytic pathway. A shift towards the utilization of external feeds is further evidenced by the increased expression of omy-miRNA-143, homologue of the mammalian marker of adipogenesis. The expression of its predicted target-gene abdh5, a factor in triglyceride hydrolysis, decreases concurrently, suggesting a potential mechanism in the onset of lipid-deposition. Muscle-specific omy-miRNA-1/133 and myod1 expression decreased in exogenously feeding alevins, a molecular signature consistent with muscle hypertrophy, which may linked to nutritional cues or increased foraging.
An increase in minimum metabolic rate and not activity explains field metabolic rate changes in a breeding seabird
Authors: Green Jonathan A. , Aitken-Simpson Erin J. , White Craig R. , Bunce Ashley , Butler Pat J. , Frappell Peter B. 
Published: January 2013

Summary
The field metabolic rate (FMR) of a free-ranging animal can be considered as the sum of its maintenance costs (minimum metabolic rate; MMR), and additional costs associated with thermoregulation, digestion, production and activity. However, the relationships between these two quantities and how they relate to behaviour and extrinsic influences is not clear. In seabirds, FMR has been shown to increase during the breeding season. This is presumed to be the result of an increase in foraging activity, stimulated by increased food demands from growing chicks, but few studies have investigated in detail the factors that underlie these increases. We studied free-ranging Australasian gannets (Morus serrator) throughout their five-month breeding season, and evaluated FMR, MMR and activity-related metabolic costs on a daily basis using the heart-rate method. In addition we recorded behaviour (flying and diving) simultaneously in the same individuals. FMR increased steadily throughout the breeding season, increasing by 11% from the incubation period to the long chick-brooding period. However, this was not accompanied by either an increase in flying or diving behaviour, or an increase in the energetic costs of activity. Instead, the changes in FMR could be explained exclusively by a progressive increase in MMR. Seasonal changes in MMR could be due to a change in body composition or a decrease in body condition associated with changing allocation of resources between provisioning adults and growing chicks. Our study highlights the importance of measuring physiological parameters continuously in free-ranging animals in order to fully understand the mechanisms underpinning seasonal changes in physiology and behaviour.
Carbon Combustion over Synthetic Potassium Aluminosilicate with –LIT Structure
Authors: Hiyoshi Norihito , Ikeda Takuji , Nagase Takako 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
The catalytic activity of –LIT zeolite, which has a unique framework topology including hydrogen bonds between silanol and the terminal oxygen bonded to silicon (≡Si–O−···H–O–Si≡), was investigated through temperature-programmed oxidation. The activity of –LIT zeolite was found to be higher than those of other potassium-containing aluminosilicates, i.e., zeolite 3A, K-chabazite, K-L zeolite, and kalsilite. It is suggested that the unique framework topology of –LIT zeolite is responsible for its high catalytic activity.
A New Method for Estimating Surface Band Energies of a Semiconductor Electrode in Contact with an Electrolyte Solution
Authors: Nakato Yoshihiro 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Surface band energies of a semiconductor electrode are a key quantity for knowing the reactivity of electrons and holes, but no unambiguous understanding has yet been obtained about how they are determined when various kinds of electric charges are present simultaneously near the surface. This letter reports that the problem can be clearly solved by working out a new graphical method to estimate surface band energies definitely and consistently under diverse conditions.
Inclusion Crystals of 3α,7α,12α,24-Tetrahydroxycholane with Haloaromatic Compounds: Pitches and Stability of Herringbone Assemblies in Channels
Authors: Liu Wen-Tzu , Kin Yute , Nakano Kazunori , Hisaki Ichiro , Tohnai Norimitsu , Miyata Mikiji 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Novel inclusion crystals of 3α,7α,12α,24-tetrahydroxycholane with aromatic compounds are described. Pitches and stability of herringbone assemblies in channels play a big role in the formation of inclusion crystals.
Napsin A Expression in Primary Mucin-Producing Adenocarcinomas of the Lung
Authors: Wu Jeffrey , Chu Peiguo G. , Jiang Zhong , Lau Sean K. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Immunohistochemical expression of napsin A in primary pulmonary mucinous tumors is not well established. Napsin A immunoreactivity was evaluated in 43 mucin-producing adenocarcinomas of the lung consisting of 18 tumors formerly classified as mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, 15 colloid adenocarcinomas, 5 solid predominant adenocarcinomas with mucin production, and 5 adenocarcinomas with signet ring cell features, as well as in 25 extrapulmonary mucinous adenocarcinomas of different anatomic sites. Immunohistochemical expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) was also compared. Thirty-three percent of mucinous lung tumors exhibited positive immunoreactivity for napsin A, whereas 42% expressed TTF-1. All 25 extrapulmonary mucinous adenocarcinomas lacked expression of napsin A and TTF-1. Mucin-producing neoplasms of the lung infrequently express napsin A, suggesting that immunohistochemical assessment of napsin A may have limited diagnostic usefulness for distinguishing primary and metastatic mucinous adenocarcinomas involving the lung.
L'algèbre de Hopf et le groupe de Galois motiviques d'un corps de caractéristique nulle, II
Authors: Ayoub Joseph 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Ceci est le second volet d'une série de deux articles
visant à construire et étudier des groupes de Galois motiviques
dans le cadre des motifs triangulés. Ces groupes de Galois motiviques ont été construits dans le premier volet et leurs algèbres de fonctions régulières ont été
décrites explicitement en termes de formes différentielles ou de cycles algébriques.
Dans le présent article, nous avons regroupé
des compléments importants au premier volet. Dans une première partie, nous
décrivons le lien
entre le groupe de Galois motivique et le groupe de Galois
usuel d'un sous-corps de 𝔻.
Dans une deuxième partie, nous développons les bases d'une
théorie de la ramification pour les groupes de Galois motiviques
en construisant des groupes de décomposition et d'inertie motiviques
associés à une place géométrique. On introduit
également la notion de groupe de Galois motivique relatif
pour une extension

K
/
k

$K/k$

qui mesure la
différence entre les groupes de Galois motiviques de k et K.
Ce dernier s'avère plus accessible que son analogue absolu.
En effet, on montrera que c'est un quotient du complété
pro-algébrique du pro-groupe fondamental
topologique de la pro-variété

hom
k

(
K
,
ℂ
)

$\hom _k(K,\mathbb {C})$

, du moins
lorsque l'extension

K
/
k

$K/k$

est de type fini.
The intrapartum use of antithrombin III in an antithrombin III-deficient patient: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lal Ann K. , Hibbard Judith U. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background: Antithrombin III deficiency is an inherited thrombophilia that places pregnant patients at an increased risk of venous thromboembolism and adverse outcomes in pregnancy. Antithrombin III-deficient patients undergoing obstetric procedures may benefit from antithrombin III infusions during labor and delivery.

Case: The patient is a 32-year-old G2P1000 with known antithrombin III deficiency and factor V Leiden heterozygosity with a prior intrauterine fetal demise. The patient was managed with therapeutic enoxaparin until 37 weeks’ gestation when she was changed to IV heparin and plasma-derived antithrombin III. She underwent successful induction of labor, epidural anesthesia, and had an uncomplicated vaginal delivery.

Conclusion: Plasma-derived antithrombin III can be used intrapartum for successful delivery in a patient with antithrombin III deficiency.