bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Project
Authors: Thorne J. , Jabs D. , Belfort R. , Dick A. , Gangaputra S. , Nussenblatt R. , Okada A. , Rosenbaum J. , Trusko B. ,   for The Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Project
Published: February 2013

SummaryBackground: Given the recent increased focus on evidence-based medicine, it is critical that diseases and syndromes have accurate and complete descriptions, including standardized and widely accepted terminologies. Standardizing these descriptions and terminologies is necessary to develop tools such as computerized data entry forms and classification criteria. This need is especially true for diseases that are relatively uncommon, such as uveitis.Objectives: To develop a standardized and internationally accepted terminology for the field of uveitis.Methods: The Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Working Group (WG) is an international group of 79 uveitis experts from 18 countries and 62 clinical centers. Initial terminology was developed utilizing a “modified” green field approach, which was enhanced through web-based surveys and teleconferences via a “modified” Delphi technique. Terms were mapped provisionally into ontologic dimensions for each syndrome. The Working Group then met and utilized nominal group techniques as a formalized method of finalizing the mappings.Results: Mapping of terms into dimensions to describe 28 major uveitic diseases was confirmed using nominal group techniques (achieving super-majority consensus) for each of the diseases at a meeting of the entire WG.Conclusions: The SUN WG utilized an informatics-based approach to develop a stand ardized and internationally accepted terminology for the uveitides.
La prise en charge pénitentiaire des délinquants sexuels sous le sceau de la gestion des risques et de la lutte contre la récidive
Authors: Gourmelon Nathalie 
Published: February 2013

Partant de la grille de lecture de la « nouvelle pénologie », cet article propose une analyse de l’évolution de la prise en charge psychiatrique et sociale en milieu pénitentiaire des délinquants sexuels. Le traitement psychothérapeutique comme le traitement social, réhabilitatif, se décalent aujourd’hui vers un accompagnement psycho-socio-éducatif via des techniques cognitivo-comportementalistes, plus inscrit dans une perspective pragmatique de gestion des risques et de lutte contre la récidive. Ce mouvement interroge nombre de professionnels mais sa généralisation renvoie aussi aux paradoxes originels de ces domaines de pratique.
La production d'un ordre instrumental
Authors: Lorenc Valcarce Federico 
Published: February 2013

Cet article analyse la production d’un ordre instrumental dans des situations d’interaction entre les agents de sécurité privée, les commanditaires de leurs services et les différentes catégories de publics. Les dispositifs de sécurisation – qui combinent des activités humaines et des objets techniques – s’appuient sur des principes intellectuels de définition de la réalité dans le cadre d’une gestion rationnelle des risques. Loin de se charger principalement du contrôle de la délinquance, les personnels de sécurité privée sont plutôt concernés par la prévention des pertes, le maintien de l’ordre et la prestation de services généraux aux différentes catégories du public auxquelles ils sont confrontés sur le terrain.
De la Critique endogène à l'empathie critique. Retour sur un itinéraire
Authors: Barrère Anne 
Published: February 2013

Résumé À partir de l’itinéraire professionnel de l’auteur, enseignante de Lettres dans l’enseignement secondaire pendant quinze ans, avant d’être enseignante-chercheuse en sociologie de l’éducation, il s’agit de s’interroger sur un aspect particulier des transformations exigées par une recherche prenant pour objet son propre milieu professionnel. Dans le cas spécifique du milieu enseignant, fortement auto-critique et divisé, le dégagement des catégories du milieu se traduit forcément par une « mise à distance » de la critique des autres enseignants, au profit de la construction progressive d’une empathie avec eux.
Familiarité et connaissance du terrain en ethnographie de l'école. L'ancien instituteur est-il meilleur ethnographe ?
Authors: Marchive Alain 
Published: February 2013

Résumé L’auteur, ancien instituteur, examine les rapports entre sa con-naissance « intime » du monde de l’école, acquise au cours de son expérience professionnelle antérieure, et son travail de recherche. Cette entrée est l’occasion d’examiner la question plus générique des rapports entre la nature de la familiarité avec le terrain et la recherche ethnographique. L’étude de ces rapports conduit à poser un certain nombre de questions méthodologiques et épistémologiques. L’auteur examine différentes formes de la familiarité et leurs effets spécifiques sur la recherche. Sans dire que l’affiliation, lointaine ou récente, est une condition de la recherche ethnographique, il soutient qu’une certaine forme de familiarité (non instrumentale) s’avère nécessaire pour rapprocher, sans les confondre, le monde du chercheur et le monde du praticien.
Les Dynamiques de la familiarité dans les démarches de recherche
Authors: Guigue Michèle 
Published: February 2013

Résumé Conduire une recherche dans un univers familier, comme c’est le cas dans des démarches mises en œuvre par des professionnels du domaine et du terrain étudiés, suppose de mettre à l’écart des évidences aveuglantes, des savoirs encombrants. Pour ce faire, des classiques de la sociologie prônent « l’ignorance méthodique » tout en en reconnaissant les difficultés. À l’encontre de cette orientation intellectualiste, ce texte propose de se fonder sur les théories de l’engagement. Celles-ci permettent de penser la dynamique de la recherche, en quelque sorte à l’envers, à partir de pratiques concrètes et systématiques. Ainsi la posture intellectuelle de chercheur peut se construire, non pas en conflit frontal avec celle de professionnel, mais à côté, et sur un socle commun, celui des manières de faire : manières de faire professionnelles, manières de faire scientifiques, tout particulièrement celles de collecte de données.
The Role of the Consulting Psychiatrist in Assessment of Patient Decision-Making Capacity
Authors: Goldman Larry S. 
Published: February 2013

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Understand the role of the psychiatric consultant in the overall process of assessing and determining decision-making capacity.

2.
Appreciate the legal and ethical principles that underlie the assessment of decision making.

3.
Know the most common conditions and situations that interfere with decision-making and how to assess their role in the patient’s decision-making capacities.

There is a broad consensus in the medical and legal communities that adult patients have the right to make decisions about their own medical care, including the right to refuse medically recommended and even life-saving interventions.
1–3
Much of the time, in clinical settings, physicians understand and accept the patient’s decisions, often because the stakes are modest or because the decision appears reasonable.
Somatization Disorder: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Dinwiddie Stephen H. 
Published: February 2013

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Understand the conceptual development of somatization disorder.

2.
Differentiate between “somatization” as a psychological process from characteristics of patients who repeatedly and differentially present with medically unexplained symptoms.

3.
Become familiar with principles of treatment of the individual with somatization disorder.

Patients with somatoform disorders have long been known to disproportionately access medical care, with resultant increase in treatment costs and risk of iatrogenic complications of treatment.
1
The Effect of Locomotion on the Outcome following Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Wall Peter D.H. , Hossain Munier , Beard David J. , Murray David W. , Andrew John G. 
Published: February 2013

The relationship between contralateral hip arthritis and co-morbid medical conditions that affect a patient's ability to walk, and outcome following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is not fully understood. We investigated this relationship in a prospective, multi-centre study. 1497 hips (1428 patients) were recruited. At five years follow-up there was complete data for 1053 hips. We recorded Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and Charnley Class (CC) both pre-operatively and at one and five years after surgery. Pre-Operatively there was a significant difference in OHS between CC categories and OHS deteriorated from CC-A to CC-C (p<0.001). The absolute OHS was significantly worse in CC-C compared to CC-A. Patients who remained in CC-A at five year follow-up had a larger change in OHS (mean 24) compared to those who had changed from CC-A to CC-C at five years (mean 21) p<0.001. The OHS an outcome measure frequently used for THA is influenced by several extraneous factors which may be present pre-operatively but also change over time. These factors include the condition of the opposite hip as well as other disease processes that affect a patient's locomotion and therefore interpretation of OHS in isolation without additional information may not be appropriate.
The Exquisite Corpse as A/r/t: Bodied Troublings of Qualitative Research-as-Usual
Authors: Holbrook Teri , Pourchier Nicole M. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Research is defined by the National Science Foundation (1991) as "a systematic investigation, including research development, testing and evaluation, designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge" (p. 3). In this article, two a/r/tographers draw upon the metaphor of the Exquisite Corpse to theorize how they experience troubled responses to calls for such research. Concepts of qualitative research-as-usual are explored through the discomposure of three common elements of qualitative research: practices that dichotomize researcher/researched, the development of the research site, and the pursuit of clarity in research writing.
A Conversation About A/r/tography: What Are the Qualities of Living Inquiry That Foster a Qualitative Whole in Art Education?
Authors: Detlefsen Jean D. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
With an a/r/tographic lens, this study renders the journey of five art educators, their first memory of art-related experiences, paths to art education, and teaching through living inquiry. Teachers in this study have had extensive experience as leaders in multiple arts curriculum movements across time and programs. They reflect on art content to examine their own experiences in relation to art practice, evidence provided by high school students, their students’ artwork, and historical art references. Key themes emerged concerning how experiences influence and are embodied in beliefs, understandings, and decision-making for our classrooms; how conversations can provide a stimulus for reflection; how thinking about the arts invites ambiguity in understanding; and how curriculum that addresses abstract concepts and thinking skills invites student engagement in inquiry, learning, and being awake to possibilities.
Hereditäre Thrombophilien und Plazenta-medierte Schwangerschafts-komplikationen im II./III. Trimenon
Authors: Thaler C. J. , Rath W. 
Published: February 2013

ZusammenfassungPlazenta-medierte Schwangerschaftskomplikationen (PmSk) wie Präeklampsie (PE), intra uterine Wachstumsrestriktion (IUGR) und vorzeitige Plazentalösung (VPL) sind häufige Ursachen mütterlicher und kindlicher Morbidität und Mortalität. Die hohe Prä -valenz in Casecontrol-Studien sowie morphologische Untersuchungen der Plazenta bei diesen Frauen legten die Vermutung einer Assoziation zwischen hereditären Thrombo-philien und PmSk nahe. Allerdings ist die Daten lage widersprüchlich, da nachfolgende prospektive Kohortenstudien und aktuelle Metaanalysen keinen signifikanten Zusam-menhang zwischen hereditären Thrombophilien und PmSk nachweisen konnten. Infolge der multifaktoriellen Ätiologie der PmSk dürfte es schwierig sein, zu beweisen, dass here-ditäre Thrombophilien unabhängige Risikofaktoren für PmSk sind.Aktuelle Leitlinien empfehlen keine Untersuchung auf hereditäre Thrombophilien nach vorangegangenen PmSk. Aktuelle In-vitro-Studien zeigten positive nicht antikoagulatorische Wirkungen von niedermolekularen Heparinen (NMH) auf die frühe Plazentation. Retrospektive Case-control-Studien sowie neue randomisierte und prospektive Studien ergaben, dass durch die Gabe von NMH ab der Frühschwangerschaft eine signifikante Sen-kung des Wiederholungsrisikos für PmSk in nachfolgenden Schwangerschaften bei Frauen mit und ohne hereditäre Thrombophilien zu erreichen ist. Schlussfolgerung: Große randomisierte Multizenterstudien sind notwendig, um die Bedeutung hereditärer Thrombophilien für PmSk und den Nutzen einer Prävention mit NMH zu klären.
MicroRNAs in platelet physiology and pathology
Authors: Dangwal S. , Thum T. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryMicroRNAs (miRNAs), highly conserved, short (approx. 22 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs, exhibit a fine-tune control over gene expression by complementary sequence binding and translational repression of protein coding mRNA transcripts. Recently, the role of miRNAs has been increasingly investigated in various physiological or pathophysiological events.Circulating platelets are crucial for coagulation physiology to maintain haemostatic balance and are involved in various pathologies such as atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Anucleate platelets lack genomic DNA but inherit diverse array of functional coding or non-coding RNAs and translational machinery from their parent cells – mega-karyocytes enabling activated platelets to synthesize proteins which suggests the possibility of post transcriptional gene regulation in platelets. Expression of functionally active miRNAs in platelets changes during platelet activation indicating a role in platelet biology.Here, we present a review on recently identified platelet miRNAs and their role in platelet physiology that is essential for maintaining haemostasis.
L’offensive du rire des femmes dans les maisons closes de Bolivie
Authors: Absi Pascale 
Published: February 2013

En Bolivie, les femmes rient beaucoup dans les maisons closes. Elles sont les maîtresses d’un humour particulier, fondamentalement obscène, qu’elles exercent à tout bout de champ sans jamais sembler s’en lasser. Sa récurrence, sa codification et sa pratique collective l’érigent en véritable art corporatif dont l’apprentissage accompagne celui de la prostitution. Déployé entre femmes, le rire construit l’entre-soi et reformule, en la dédramatisant, la transgression et le personnage de la prostituée. Cruel quand il s’adresse aux clients, le rire ébranle le pouvoir de l’argent et les aspirations triomphalistes de la sexualité des hommes. Basé sur une ethnographie menée dans les établissements populaires de la ville andine de Potosi, cet article porte sur le fonctionnement de cet humour particulier dans la construction de l’expérience de la prostitution et de ses rapports sociaux. Il réinterroge le rôle du rire comme mode de résistance à ‒ mais aussi de conservation de ‒ la domination. Il renvoie également l’ethnologue à son impossible neutralité : en choisissant d’en rire ou non, celui-ci ou celle-ci énonce forcément son camp.
Preparation and Characterization of Sodium Alginate–Based Hydrogels and Their In Vitro Release Studies
Authors: Manjula Bandla , Varaprasad Kokkarachedu , Sadiku Rotimi , Raju K. Mohana 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTIn the present work, polymer hydrogels have been used as the drug carrier for delivery systems of anticancer drugs. This investigation involves the formation of alginate hydrogels by a combination of three different monomers. The sodium alginate (SA) hydrogels were developed by free‐radical polymerization of selective water‐soluble monomers such as acrylamide (Am), methacrylamide (MAm), N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), and water‐soluble polysaccharide (SA). The structural and morphological characterizations of the developed hydrogels were obtained from FTIR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy studies. Then, the hydrogels developed were encapsulated with a model cancer drug 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and hydrogels containing 5‐FU drug were evaluated for in vitro release studies. The released profiles of the drug showed that between 95% and 34% the loaded drug was released in the first half‐an‐hour at a buffer solution of 7.4 and the rest of the drug was released slowly. The results suggest that poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐sodium alginate) P(NIPAAm‐SA) hydrogels show better properties than such as P(Am‐SA) and P(MAm‐SA). The drug release kinetic parameters suggested that the Am and MAm hydrogel networks are anomalous in nature, and the diffusion type of NIPAAM systems shows a slightly Fickian phenomenon. P(Am‐SA), P(MAm‐SA), and P(NIPAAm‐SA) hydrogel formulations showed up to 97.13%, 95.53%, and 98. 36% cumulative release in 24 h, respectively. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2013, 32, 21340; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21340
Personal service assistance: Musculoskeletal disorders and injuries in consumer‐directed home care
Authors: Faucett Julia , Kang Taewoon , Newcomer Robert 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundLike other types of care for disabled or elderly adults, consumer‐directed personal assistance services may present multi‐factorial risks for work‐related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs).MethodsUsing survey data, we compared providers experiencing WRMSDs in the previous year to those who did not, seeking to identify functional, temporal, physical, and relationship risk factors for transient and chronic conditions.ResultsLonger work experience with the recipient and more frequent bending increased the risk of being in the most chronic group (≥12 painful episodes), whereas predictable work hours with rest breaks and greater social support from the recipient appeared protective. For transient conditions (one to two episodes), longer work experience with the recipient and predictable hours with rest breaks appeared protective.ConclusionsWe offer recommendations to improve hazard assessment as well as training and information distribution related to home care programs. With the population aging, home care jobs require increasing oversight to prevent WRMSDs. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:454–468, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anterolateral congenital diaphragmatic hernia with omphalocele: A case report and literature review
Authors: Scahill Michael D. , Maak Petruska , Kunder Christian , Halamek Louis P. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe combination of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and omphalocele is quite rare but can be seen in several syndromes. We report on a female newborn with this combination that had not been diagnosed prenatally. The patient suffered respiratory failure that persisted despite intensive care support, suggesting severe secondary pulmonary hypoplasia. Autopsy revealed the combination of an anterolateral CDH and omphalocele in the absence of other anomalies. We believe this to be the first such case to be reported in the literature. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A cost savings approach to SPRED1 mutational analysis in individuals at risk for neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Muram Talia M. , Stevenson David A. , Watts‐Justice Sarah , Viskochil David H. , Carey John C. , Mao Rong , Jackson Brian 
Published: February 2013

AbstractNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a clinically diagnosed autosomal dominant disorder requiring routine clinical management, particularly during the pediatric years. An overlapping disorder, Legius syndrome, at times is clinically indistinguishable from NF1 and results in a small percentage of individuals being mischaracterized. Distinguishing these two entities is increasingly important for prognosis, reproductive planning, and clinical management. The goal of our study was to evaluate the cost impact of genetic testing for patients with solely pigmentary findings. The costs of genetic testing in patients aged 1.5–18 years were modeled using a simulated population, assuming the clinical management approach of a single NF1 clinic. Two genetic testing algorithms (SPRED1 testing alone, and NF1 mutation analysis with reflex to SPRED1) were compared against a baseline of no genetic testing. The cost for SPRED1 mutation analysis for each individual meeting NF1 diagnostic criteria without neoplastic or boney manifestation, when compared to the no‐testing approach with routine follow‐up mutations between the ages of 10 and 14 years, was minimal (range of $4–$16). Based on the clinical practice of one NF1 clinic, we found that the cost difference to perform SPRED1 mutation analysis on individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for NF1 without neoplastic or boney manifestation were minimal. Therefore it is important that “when to test decisions” remain a physician/patient discussion, as individual benefits may be greatest at a different age than when it is most cost efficient. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Contributions of a specialty clinic for children and adolescents with Down syndrome
Authors: Skotko Brian G. , Davidson Emily Jean , Weintraub Gil S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe investigated what added value, if any, a Down syndrome specialty clinic brings to the healthcare needs of children and adolescents with Down syndrome. For this quality improvement study, we performed a retrospective chart review of 105 new patients with Down syndrome, ages 3 and older, seen during the inaugural year of our specialty clinic. We asked how many of our patients were already up‐to‐date on the healthcare screenings recommended for people with Down syndrome. We further analyzed what tests we ordered, which referrals we suggested, and, ultimately, what new diagnoses of co‐occurring medical conditions were made. Only 9.8% of our patients were current on all of the recommended Down syndrome healthcare screenings. Parents came to clinic with a variety of concerns, and after laboratory tests, radiologic studies, and subspecialty referrals, we made many new diagnoses of gastrointestinal conditions (e.g., constipation and celiac disease), seasonal allergies, dermatologic conditions (e.g., xerosis), behavioral diagnoses (e.g., autism spectrum disorder and disruptive behavior not otherwise specified), and clarifications of neurologic conditions. A Down syndrome specialty clinic can identify and address many healthcare needs of children and adolescents with Down syndrome beyond that which is provided in primary care settings. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.