bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myoclonic epilepsy in infancy: An electroclinical study and long‐term follow‐up of 38 patients
Authors: Caraballo Roberto H. , Flesler Santiago , Pasteris María Constanza , Lopez Avaria María Francisca , Fortini Sebastian , Vilte Carolina 
Published: July 2013

SummaryPurposeMyoclonic epilepsy in infancy (MEI) is characterized by brief generalized myoclonic seizures associated with generalized spike‐wave paroxysms without other seizure types occurring in the first 3 years of life in developmentally normal children. In this study we analyze the electroclinical features, treatment, and outcome of 38 patients withMEI.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted in 38 patients followed at the Neurology Department of the Pediatric Hospital Juan P. Garrahan in Buenos Aires, Argentina, between 1990 and 2012.Key FindingsA total of 24 boys and 14 girls were identified. The mean and median ages at seizure onset were 16 and 18 months, respectively (range 3–40 months). Ten patients (28.9%) had a family history of epilepsy, and six (15.8%) had a family history of febrile seizures. All patients had several daily brief and isolated myoclonic seizures during wakefulness and predominantly in the first two stages of sleep. Twelve children (31.5%) had reflex myoclonus, triggered by a tactile stimulus in 10 and additionally by noise and light in 2. The remaining two had photosensitive myoclonic jerks. The interictal electroencephalography (EEG) recordings evidenced generalized spike waves, polyspikes, and polyspike‐wave paroxysms. The interictalEEGwas normal in 12 patients. The abnormalities on the ictalEEGwere similar to those on the interictalEEG. Most of the patients responded well to valproic acid. After a mean follow‐up of 13.5 years, 24 patients (63%) were without treatment. At the last examination, 32 patients had normal neurologic and neuropsychological evaluations. Two patients (5.2%) had significant cognitive impairment (anIQof 60 and 63, respectively) despite good seizure control. Four patients (10.4%) had significant learning impairment, two of whom also had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.SignificanceMEIis a well‐defined epileptic syndrome of unknown etiology, but likely of a genetic cause. It is self‐limited and pharmacosensitive mainly to valproic acid.
Hip fracture risk factors and the discriminability of hip fracture risk vary by age: A case–control study
Authors: Anpalahan Mahesan , Morrison Stewart G , Gibson Stephen J 
Published: July 2013

AimsTo determine the important risk factors for hip fracture and the discriminability of hip fracture risk in different age cohorts (≤80 years, >80 years).MethodsConsecutive admissions of hip fracture over 24 months in those aged >60 years, and an age‐ and sex‐matched control derived from admissions under a medical unit were prospectively assessed. The risk factors and the discriminabilty of hip fracture risk by age were investigated for each sex in univariate and multivariate models. The area under the curve (AUC) statistics from the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the ability of the independent risk factors to discriminate hip fracture risk.ResultsThe important risk factors in women aged ≤80 years were lower bodyweight, previous osteoporotic fracture, hip fracture in first‐degree relatives and lower plasma 25OHD, and their discriminative effect was (AUC) 0.69. Previous osteoporotic fracture and lower plasma 25OHD were the important risk factors in men aged ≤80 years, with a discriminative effect of 0.83. In the >80‐year age cohorts, only falls was independently associated with hip fracture in both sexes, with discriminative effects of 0.60 and 0.62 in females and males, respectively.ConclusionsThe overall discrimination of hip fracture risk appears less adequate in those aged >80 years when compared with those aged ≤80 years. Although skeletal factors have a greater risk association with hip fracture in patients aged ≤80 years, it is falls that is important in those aged >80 years. The relative importance of risk factors also appears to vary between the sexes in those aged ≤80 years. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 14: 413–419.
Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and histological changes in non‐neoplastic pancreas associated with neoadjuvant therapy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chatterjee Deyali , Katz Matthew H , Rashid Asif , Estrella Jeannelyn S , Wang Hua , Varadhachary Gauri R , Wolff Robert A , Lee Jeffrey E , Pisters Peter W , Abbruzzese James L , Fleming Jason B , Wang Huamin 
Published: July 2013

AimsTo study the histological changes in non‐neoplastic pancreas and the effects on pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NCRT) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Methods and resultsWe reviewed the archival H&E slides from 218 patients with PDAC who completed NCRT and pancreaticoduodenectomy. Sixty‐five patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for PDAC without NCRT were used as controls. Various histological features were reviewed and correlated with NCRT and survival. The NCRT group had lower densities of PanIN2 (P = 0.004) and PanIN3 (P = 0.02) than the control group. The extent of fibrosis, the frequency of neuroma‐like nerve proliferation and the frequency of islet cell aggregation were significantly higher in the NCRT group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The intensity of inflammation was less in the NCRT group than in the control group (P = 0.02). In the NCRT group, patents with moderate to severe fibrosis or grade 2 inflammation had poorer survival than those with mild fibrosis (P = 0.04) or those with grade 0 or grade 1 inflammation (P = 0.003), respectively.ConclusionsNon‐neoplastic pancreatic tissue from patients who received NCRT had a reduced density of high‐grade PanIN lesions, more pancreatic fibrosis, and higher frequencies of neuroma‐like nerve proliferation and islet cell aggregation, but less inflammation, compared to tissue from those who did not receive NCRT.
Determining cutting efficiency of nickel‐titanium coronal flaring instruments used in lateral action
Authors: Peters O. A. , Morgental R. D. , Schulze K. A. , Paqué F. , Kopper P. M. P. , Vier‐Pelisser F. V. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAimTo develop a method to evaluate the cutting behaviour of nickel‐titanium (NiTi) coronal flaring instruments.MethodologyBioRaCe BR0 (BR), HyFlex CM 1 (HY), ProFile OS No. 2 (PF) and ProTaper Sx (PT) instruments were used in simulated coronal flaring using a lateral action against bovine dentine blocks, at 250 and 500 rpm. Cutting efficiency was assessed by three methods: first, areas of notches produced by instruments were directly measured under a stereomicroscope. Second, dentine specimens were then analysed by surface profilometry to determine the maximum cutting depth and finally by microcomputed tomography to assess the volume of removed dentine. Data were compared using parametric tests with the significance level set at 0.05.ResultsFor all three methods, HY and PF were the most and the least cutting‐efficient instruments, respectively (P < 0.05). Significant differences were detected between 250 and 500 rpm for HY and PT (area); for BR, HY and PT (depth); and for BR and HY (volume). There were strong positive correlations between the results obtained with those three different methods with r‐values ranging from 0.81 to 0.92.ConclusionMeasuring the amount of material removed in a specific time under stereomicroscopy is a simple and rational way to assess the cutting behaviour of NiTi rotary instruments in lateral action. HyFlex, manufactured with thermomechanically treated NiTi wire, was the most efficient instrument, and increased rotational speed was associated with increased cutting efficiency.
Psoriasis and the Framingham risk score in a Danish hospital cohort
Authors: Gyldenløve Mette , Jensen Peter , Linneberg Allan , Thyssen Jacob P. , Zachariae Claus , Hansen Peter R. , Skov Lone 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to compare the Framingham risk score, a method to estimate coronary heart disease and prevalences of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with psoriasis and the general population.MethodsWe retrospectively studied a hospital cohort and used a cross‐sectional random sample from the general population as controls.ResultsA total of 185 patients with psoriasis aged 10–86 years were referred to our department during 2009–2011. Median psoriasis area and severity index score was 5.8 (range 0.0–39.8), and 10% of the patients received systemic antipsoriatic treatment. Body mass index (26.2 vs. 25.2 kg/m2, P = 0.005), waist circumference (96.0 vs. 88.0 cm, P < 0.001), and prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (15.1 vs. 14.5, P = 0.009) were significantly higher in patients with psoriasis. We found no significant differences in Framingham risk scores between the groups.ConclusionsPatients from the hospital cohort had a higher prevalence of certain cardiovascular risk factors compared to individuals without psoriasis from the general population. However, the Framingham risk score did not demonstrate an excess risk of coronary heart disease in patients with psoriasis compared to controls.
Enzymatic hydrolysis of hard‐to‐cook bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) protein concentrates and its effects on biological and functional properties
Authors: Betancur‐Ancona David , Sosa‐Espinoza Teresita , Ruiz‐Ruiz Jorge , Segura‐Campos Maira , Chel‐Guerrero Luis 
Published: July 2013

SummaryInadequate postharvest handling and storage under high temperature and relative humidity conditions produce the hard‐to‐cook (HTC) defect in beans. However, these can be raw material to produce hydrolysates with functional activities. Angiotensin I‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and antioxidant capacities were determined for extensively hydrolysed proteins of HTC bean produced with sequential systems Alcalase‐Flavourzyme (AF) and pepsin–pancreatin (Pep‐Pan) at 90 min ACE inhibition expressed as IC50 values were 4.5 and 6.5 mg protein per mL with AF and Pep‐Pan, respectively. Antioxidant activity as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) was 8.1 mm mg−1 sample with AF and 6.4 mm mg−1 sample with Pep‐Pan. The peptides released from the protein during hydrolysis were responsible for the observed ACE inhibition and antioxidant activities. Nitrogen solubility, emulsifying capacity, emulsion stability, foaming capacity and foam stability were measured for limited hydrolysis produced with Flavourzyme and pancreatin at 15 min. The hydrolysates exhibited better functional properties than the protein concentrate.
Brain gene expression changes elicited by peripheral vitellogenin knockdown in the honey bee
Authors: Wheeler M. M. , Ament S. A. , Rodriguez‐Zas S. L. , Robinson G. E. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractVitellogenin (Vg) is best known as a yolk protein precursor. Vg also functions to regulate behavioural maturation in adult honey bee workers, but the underlying molecular mechanisms by which it exerts this novel effect are largely unknown. We used abdominal vitellogenin (vg) knockdown with RNA interference (RNAi) and brain transcriptomic profiling to gain insights into how Vg influences honey bee behavioural maturation. We found that vg knockdown caused extensive gene expression changes in the bee brain, with much of this transcriptional response involving changes in central biological functions such as energy metabolism. vg knockdown targeted many of the same genes that show natural, maturation‐related differences, but the direction of change for the genes in these two contrasts was not correlated. By contrast, vg knockdown targeted many of the same genes that are regulated by juvenile hormone (JH) and there was a significant correlation for the direction of change for the genes in these two contrasts. These results indicate that the tight coregulatory relationship that exists between JH and Vg in the regulation of honey bee behavioural maturation is manifest at the genomic level and suggest that these two physiological factors act through common pathways to regulate brain gene expression and behaviour.
Estimated impact of aggressive empirical antiviral treatment in containing an outbreak of pandemic influenza H1N1 in an isolated First Nations community
Authors: Xiao Yanyu , Patel Zeenat , Fiddler Adam , Yuan Lilian , Delvin Marie‐Elaine , Fisman David N. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundThe 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic was mild by historical standards, but was more severe in isolated Canadian Indigenous communities. Oseltamivir was used aggressively for outbreak control in an isolated northern Ontario First Nations community. We used mathematical modeling to quantify the impact of antiviral therapy on the course of this outbreak.MethodsWe used both a Richards growth model and a compartmental model to evaluate the characteristics of the outbreak based on both respiratory visits and influenza‐like illness counts. Estimates of best‐fit model parameters, including basic reproductive number (R0) and antiviral efficacy, and simulations, were used to estimate the impact of antiviral drugs compared to social distancing interventions alone.ResultsUsing both approaches, we found that a rapidly growing outbreak slowed markedly with aggressive antiviral therapy. Richards model turning points occurred within 24 hours of antiviral implementation. Compartmental models estimated antiviral efficacy at 70–95%. Plausible estimates of R from both modeling approaches ranged from 4·0 to 15·8, higher than published estimates for southern Canada; utilization of aggressive antiviral therapy in this community prevented 962–1757 cases of symptomatic influenza and as many as 114 medical evacuations in this community.ConclusionAlthough not advocated in other settings in Canada, aggressive antiviral therapy markedly reduced the impact of a pandemic‐related influenza A (H1N1) outbreak in an isolated Canadian First Nations community in northern Ontario, Canada. The differential risk experienced by such communities makes tailored interventions that consider risk and lack of access to medical services, appropriate.
Clinical analysis and classification of dark eye circle
Authors: Huang Yau‐Li , Chang Shyue‐Luen , Ma Lih , Lee Mei‐Ching , Hu Sindy 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundDark eye circle (DEC) is a common problem that usually lacks detailed classification in the etiology and structural variations. A newly‐developed DEC Assessment Score using Wood's lamp and ultrasonogram will provide a more precise evaluation of DEC for improving treatment results.Materials and methodsSixty‐five cases, including eight males and 57 females with a mean age of 38.9 years, were enrolled. DEC were classified into pigmented (brown), vascular (blue to purple), structural, and mixed type by Wood's lamp and ultrasonogram. A scoring system with nine parameters, including brown hue, pigmented lesions, blue/pink/purple hue, periorbital puffiness, shadow hue, infraorbital palpebral bags, infraorbital grooves, blepharoptosis, and skin type, was used for clinical evaluation.ResultsPigmented, vascular, structural, and mixed types of DEC represented 5%, 14%, 3%, and 78%, respectively. Thirty‐three cases with periorbital puffiness were found to have higher “pre‐septal thickness” than those of 20 controlled cases (P = 0.032). Fourteen patients with infraorbital palpebral bags were proved to have protruded retroseptal fat pads by ultrasonography.ConclusionPigmentation and vascular and structural components may play important roles in DEC. Detailed classification of DEC types will access physicians in the decision of appropriate therapeutic modalities.
Hematological study of patients with aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Lopez‐Jornet Pia , Camacho‐Alonso Fabio , Martos Nieves 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectivesA study was made of the association between recurrent aphthosis (RAS) and iron, ferritin, vitamin B12, and folic acid deficiency.MethodsA total of 186 adults were consecutively recruited: 92 subjects with RAS (28 males and 64 females, with a mean age of 41 years) and 94 controls (20 men and 74 women, with a mean age of 44 years), and subjected to clinical and hematological evaluation.ResultsThe overall frequency of hematinic deficiencies was 14.14% in the RAS group versus 6.39% in the control group (P = 0.086). Patient age and a family history of aphthosis were associated to the presence of RAS.ConclusionThere is still no conclusive evidence relevant to the etiopathogenesis of RAS. Routine hematological screening and tests for serum iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 deficiencies should be assessed in all patients with RAS.
Effect of Phosphorus Nutrition on Growth and Physiology of Cotton Under Ambient and Elevated Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Singh S. K. , Badgujar G. B. , Reddy V. R. , Fleisher D. H. , Timlin D. J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPhosphorous deficiency in soil limits crop growth and productivity in the majority of arable lands worldwide and may moderate the growth enhancement effect of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. To evaluate the interactive effect of these two factors on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) growth and physiology, plants were grown in controlled environment growth chambers with three levels of phosphate (Pi) supply (0.20, 0.05 and 0.01 mm) under ambient and elevated (400 and 800 μmol mol−1, respectively) CO2. Phosphate stress caused stunted growth and resulted in early leaf senescence with severely decreased leaf area and photosynthesis. Phosphate stress led to over 77 % reduction in total biomass across CO2 levels. There was a below‐ground (roots) shift in biomass partitioning under Pi deficiency. While tissue phosphorus (P) decreased, tissue nitrogen (N) content tended to increase under Pi deficiency. The CO2 × Pi interactions were significant on leaf area, photosynthesis and biomass accumulation. The stimulatory effect of elevated CO2 on growth and photosynthesis was reduced or highly depressed suggesting an increased sensitivity of cotton to Pi deficiency under elevated CO2. Although, tissue P and stomatal conductance were lower at elevated CO2, these did not appear to be the main causes of cotton unresponsiveness to elevated CO2 under severe Pi‐stress. The alteration in the uptake and utilization of N was suggested due to a consistent reduction (18–21 %) in the cotton plant tissue N content under elevated CO2.
Tracking the boundary between the Palaearctic and the Oriental region: new insights from dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata)
Authors: Heiser Markus , Schmitt Thomas 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAimWe aim to define the hotspots, faunal regions and faunal elements of Odonata in Eurasia. We describe the location and the extent of the transition zone between the Palaearctic and Oriental realms.LocationEurasia.MethodsOdonata are suitable for this study because the number of species in the group is sufficient for the required analyses, their distributions are mostly known, and they are split into the highly dispersive Anisoptera and the weakly dispersive Zygoptera. For our analyses, Eurasia was classified into 63 regions, within which we determined the presence or absence of each of the 1765 Odonata species. We calculated species richness maps and performed cluster analysis and principal components analysis to extract faunal regions and elements.ResultsOccurrence records of Eurasian Odonata were partitioned among three major biogeographical entities: (1) Europe, North Africa and North Asia; (2) India, Indochina and southern China; and (3) northern China, Korea and Japan. Each of these entities has further notable substructures and faunal elements, especially in Southeast Asia. The tropical rain forest region of Southeast Asia is the species diversity hotspot of odonates and has the highest number of (often localized) faunal elements. The northern border of the Oriental region reaches southernmost China and the southern slopes of the Himalayas, but the transitional zone between the Oriental and the Palaearctic region extends much farther north, and includes northern China, Japan and Manchuria. The lower dispersal ability of Zygoptera compared with that of Anisoptera is mirrored in various biogeographical patterns: (1) the Western Palaearctic influence on the Eastern Palaearctic is stronger in Anisoptera than in Zygoptera; (2) Zygoptera have more faunal elements on islands than do Anisoptera; and (3) Zygoptera are isolated by the Strait of Gibraltar, but do not show a finer‐grained structure of their faunal elements on the mainland.Main conclusionsThe less severe impact of the ice ages in Southeast Asia resulted in the evolution and survival of Odonata species in many regional refugia. These faunal elements have had a greater impact on the post‐glacial colonization than previously thought and strongly influence the composition of Odonata in East Asia.
Spontaneous Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia in Patients with Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias: The Incidence, Clinical, and Electrophysiologic Characteristics
Authors: HASDEMIR CAN , ALP ALPAY , SIMSEK EVRIM , KOSE NURI , AYDIN MEHMET , PAYZIN SERDAR 
Published: July 2013

Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias and Spontaneous AVNRTIntroductionSpontaneous or inducible atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) may coexist with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (IVAs). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and the clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics of patients with spontaneous AVNRT among patients with IVAs.MethodsNine hundred eighty‐seven consecutive patients with IVA (n = 398), patients with clinical and spontaneous AVNRT (n = 327), and patients with preexcitation syndrome (n = 262) were prospectively included in the study.ResultsSpontaneous AVNRT was present in 36 (9.0%) of 398 patients with IVA. The most common (97%) mode of presentation was palpitation due to spontaneous AVNRT. Absence of symptoms was frequent among patients with IVA and without spontaneous AVNRT compared to patients with IVA and spontaneous AVNRT (28.9% vs 0%, P = 0.0001). Patients with IVA and spontaneous AVNRT had lower median premature ventricular contraction (PVC) burden (1.9% vs 9.45%, P = 0.0001) and higher left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; 64.2 ± 4.9% vs 59.2 ± 9.9%, P = 0.0001) compared to patients with IVA and without spontaneous AVNRT. Relatively high PVC burden (≥10%) was present in 19.4% of patients with spontaneous AVNRT and IVA. The prevalence of IVA was significantly higher in patients with AVNRT compared to patients with preexcitation syndrome (11% vs 0.76%, P < 0.0001).ConclusionsSpontaneous AVNRT among patients with IVAs was relatively common in our study population. Spontaneous AVNRT in patients with IVAs can be a protective factor for left ventricular function. Greater LVEF in patients with spontaneous AVNRT and IVA compared to patients with IVA alone can be explained by earlier recognition of IVAs due to presence of symptomatic AVNRT and/or lower PVC burden.
Electrophysiological Mapping and Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia in a Patient with Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
Authors: TOKUDA MICHIFUMI , STEVENSON WILLIAM G. , NAGASHIMA KOICHI , RUBIN DAVID A. 
Published: July 2013

VT Ablation in a Patient with Peripartum CardiomyopathyA 38‐year‐old female with prior failed endocardial ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) was referred for further treatment. She had been diagnosed with peripartum cardiomyopathy 7 years before and had persistent left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of 20%. Epicardial voltage mapping showed extensive epicardial scar despite absence of endocardial scar. Five distinct VT morphologies were induced. Ablation was aided by electrogram characteristics, pace mapping, entrainment mapping, and establishing electrical inexcitability along areas of epicardial scar. After epicardial ablation no sustained VT was induced. She had been doing well without VT occurrence but died 1 year later unexpectedly at home.