bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coexistence of systemic sclerosis and cryopyrin‐associated periodic syndrome
Authors: Kuzumi Ai , Yoshizaki Ayumi , Matsuda Kazuki , Nagai Kojiro , Sato Shinichi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc) and cryopyrin‐associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) are distinct clinical entities belonging to the autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, respectively. The coexistence of the two entities has rarely been reported and is poorly characterized. Here, we described a case of a 38‐year‐old Japanese woman diagnosed with anti‐centromere antibody‐positive SSc and CAPS carrying the pathogenic mutation in the NLRP3 gene, with a detailed autoantibody profile by a high‐throughput comprehensive protein array covering approximately 90% of the human transcriptome. The clinical manifestations of the patient were typical of both SSc and CAPS. Comprehensive autoantibody profiling identified 65 autoantibodies in the patient's serum and 78 autoantibodies in the serum of her daughter with CAPS, who carried the same NLRP3 mutation as the patient. SSc‐associated autoantibodies (anti‐DBT, anti‐ CENP‐B, and anti‐CENP‐A) and anti‐CD320 antibody were detected at high levels only in the patient's serum, while autoantibodies to the following four proteins were detected in the sera of both the patient and her daughter: TRIM21, LIMS1, CLIP4, and KAT2A. The TRRUST enrichment analysis identified NF‐κB1 and RelA as overlapping key transcription factors that regulate the genes encoding proteins to which autoantibodies were detected in the patient and her daughter, therefore the autoantibody profile of the patient cannot be solely attributed to SSc, but may also be influenced by CAPS. Although autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases are considered to be at opposite ends of the immunological spectrum, detailed autoantibody profiling may reveal a unique immunological landscape in an overlapping case of the two entities.
Antecedents of child literacy in Romania
Authors: Petrescu Anca , Iliescu Dragos 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThis paper investigates multiple antecedents of literacy in children, such as demographics, child reading behaviour, parent reading behaviour and family context.MethodsThe study included a Romanian sample of 924 primary schoolers (Grades 1–4) and their parents; children and parents were tested with a standardised measure of literacy, and parents answered a number of self‐report questions about their and their child's literacy‐related behaviours.ResultsRegression analyses and relative predictor weights showed a significant positive association between child literacy and child behaviour (time currently spent by the child reading books), as well as with family context (especially parent literacy), followed by demographics and, to a lesser degree, with parent behaviour.ConclusionsThe findings provide a first solid understanding of the children's literacy phenomenon in the less investigated educational and cultural environment of Romania and encourage further research on this important topic.
Income inequality in Ireland, 1987–2019
Authors: Roantree Barra , Barrett Michelle 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIreland has experienced rapid – if volatile – growth over the last three decades. While this performance looks less impressive when considered over a longer horizon and is better seen as belated convergence making up for lost time in the first 50 years of independence, this paper highlights an aspect of the Irish experience that does stand out as quite remarkable: how broad‐based and inclusive growth in household disposable income was. Drawing on over three decades of harmonised household survey data, we first show that income inequality fell substantially over this period, the product of disposable income growth that was stronger at the bottom than the middle or top of the distribution. We then tentatively suggest some important factors that might have contributed towards the patterns of growth experienced – including tax and transfer reforms, a rise in two‐earner couples and a fall in the average size of households – before concluding with some directions for future research.
DNA typing of cyanoacrylate fumed latent fingerprints using GlobalFiler™ and ForenSeq™ Signature Prep kits
Authors: Bodnar Sara R. , Smith Coral , Alsharji Alekhlas A. , Moroose Tina , Venter Casper , Iyengar Arati 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDNA typing of latent fingerprints is highly desirable to increase chances of individualization. We recovered DNA from Cyanoacrylate (CA) fumed fingerprints and used both GlobalFiler™ and ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep kits for DNA typing. For GlobalFiler™, samples were processed using a protocol modified for Low Template (LT)‐DNA samples (half‐volume reactions, 30 cycles) while for ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep, samples were processed using a standard protocol and fluorometer‐based library quantitation. We evaluated genotyping success and quality of profiles in terms of completeness, Peak Height Ratio/Allele Coverage Ratio, presence of PCR artifacts and drop‐in alleles. With GlobalFiler™, average autosomal STR (aSTR) profile completeness was 44.4% with 2–20 pg, 54.3% with 22–60 pg, and 95% with 64–250 pg DNA input. CODIS uploadable profiles were obtained in 2/10, 3/11, and 11/12 samples in these ranges. With ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep, average aSTR profile completeness was 19.7% with 1–20 pg and 45.2% with 22–47 pg but increased to 78.3% with 68–122 pg and 86.7% with 618–1000 pg DNA input. Uploadable profiles were obtained in 0/12, 4/11, 4/7, and 3/3 samples for these ranges. Results show very high sensitivity using both kits. Half‐volume reactions and 30 cycles had minimal negative effect on Globalfiler™ profile quality, providing support for wider use after validation experiments to routinely improve results from LT samples. A standard protocol for the ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep kit was also highly successful with LT DNA obtained from CA‐fumed fingerprints with additional information from isometric STR alleles and other markers.
Modification of a liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method targeting lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and its primary metabolite (OH‐LSD) to include nine LSD analogs
Authors: Patton Amy L. , Karschner Erin L. , Walterscheid Jeffrey P. , Garcia Jason M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA variety of LSD analogs have emerged in recent years with dual purposes of avoiding prosecution from possession while providing new options for those willing to experiment with hallucinogenic drugs. In this study, a previously published automated sample preparation method for LSD and its primary metabolite (OH‐LSD) was utilized to extract LSD, OH‐LSD, and nine LSD analogs from urine. The liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was modified from the previously published LC conditions to utilize a different analytical column and gradient elution program. Mobile phases of 10 mM ammonium formate with 0.1% formic acid in deionized water (mobile phase A) and 0.1% formic acid in methanol (mobile phase B) were employed. The method was validated to ANSI/ASB Standard 036 with a 0.1 ng/mL limit of detection for all analytes and was utilized for the analysis of 325 urine specimens. Although no LSD analogs were observed in the samples analyzed, this validated method was demonstrated to be suitable for the analysis of these compounds in laboratories seeking to expand their testing scope. Automated sample preparation allows for the efficient analysis of these analytically challenging compounds with minimal manual handling. Additionally, there was no increased analytical time burden when the LC column and gradient were modified to target nine additional analytes. Detection may improve as new reference standards are developed to allow laboratories to focus on the metabolic products of these analogs. For now, this validated procedure can assist with the routine analysis and surveillance of these emerging substances.
Utility of FDG PET‐CT in CT Stage IA non‐small cell lung cancer: The New Zealand Te Whatu Ora Northern region experience
Authors: Kelly Richard J , Anderson Graeme D , Joshi Budresh S , Donald Jennifer J 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionOur objective was to investigate the utility of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (FDG PET‐CT) in assessing CT Stage 1A non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients under consideration for curative treatment. Performing FDG PET‐CT in these patients may lead to unnecessary delays in treatment if it can be shown to provide no added value.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 735 lesions in 653 patients from the New Zealand Te Whatu Ora Northern region lung cancer database with suspected or pathologically proven Stage 1A NSCLC on CT scan who also underwent FDG PET‐CT imaging. We determined how often FDG PET‐CT findings upstaged patients and then compared to pathological staging where available.ResultsFDG PET‐CT provided an overall upstaging rate of 9.7%. Category‐specific rates were 0% in Tis, 0.9% in T1mi, 7.4% in T1a, 10% in T1b and 12% in T1c groups. The percentage of lesions upstaged on FDG PET‐CT that remained Stage 1A was 100% in T1mi, 100% in T1a, 47.1% in T1b and 40.7% in T1c groups. The P value was statistically significant at 0.004, indicating upstaging beyond Stage 1A was dependent on T category.ConclusionOur data suggests that FDG PET‐CT is indicated for T1b and T1c lesions but is of limited utility in Tis, T1mi and T1a lesions. Adopting a more targeted approach and omitting FDG PET‐CT in patients with Tis, T1mi, and T1a lesions may benefit all patients with lung cancer by improving accessibility and treatment timelines.
MRI predictors of infectious etiology in patients with unilateral sacroiliitis
Authors: Kandagaddala Madhavi , Sathyakumar Kirthi , Mathew Ashish Jacob , Regi Soumya Susan , Yadav Bijesh , David Kenny , Danda Debashish 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundUnilateral presentation of sacroiliitis is a diagnostic dilemma, especially between infection and inflammatory sacroiliitis associated with spondyloarthritis, requiring an early and accurate diagnosis.ObjectiveTo assess the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in differentiating infective versus inflammatory etiology in unilateral sacroiliitis.Materials and MethodsRetrospective review of the MRI of 90 patients with unilateral sacroiliitis, having an established final diagnosis. MR images were evaluated for various bone and soft tissue changes using predefined criteria and analyzed using univariate and multivariate regression analysis.ResultsAmong the 90 patients, infective etiology was diagnosed in 66 (73.3%) and inflammatory etiology in 24 (26.7%). Large erosions, both iliac and sacral‐sided edema, joint space involvement with effusion or synovitis, soft tissue edema, elevated ESR/CRP, and absence of capsulitis and enthesitis were associated with infection (p < .001). The independently differentiating variables favoring infection on multivariate analysis were—both iliac and sacral‐sided edema (OR 4.79, 95% CI: 0.96–23.81, p = .05), large erosions (OR 17.96, 95% CI: 2.66–121.02, p = .003), and joint space involvement (OR 9.9, 95% CI: 1.36–72.06, p = .02). Exclusive features of infection were osteomyelitis, sequestra, abscesses, sinus tracts, large erosions, and multifocality. All infective cases had soft tissue edema, joint space involvement, elevated ESR, and no capsulitis.ConclusionMRI evaluation for the presence and pattern of bone and joint space involvement, soft tissue involvement, and careful attention to certain exclusive features will aid in differentiating infectious sacroiliitis from inflammatory sacroiliitis.
Niche selection in bacterioplankton: A study of taxonomic composition and single‐cell characteristics in an acidic reservoir
Authors: Soria‐Píriz Sara , Corzo Alfonso , Jiménez‐Arias Juan Luís , González Juan M. , Papaspyrou Sokratis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNiche selection and microbial dispersal are key factors that shape microbial communities. However, their relative significance varies across different environments and spatiotemporal scales. While most studies focus on the impact of these forces on community composition, few consider other structural levels such as the physiological stage of the microbial community and single‐cell characteristics. To understand the relative influence of microbial dispersal and niche selection on various community structural levels, we concurrently examined the taxonomic composition, abundance and single‐cell characteristics of bacterioplankton in an acidic reservoir (El Sancho, Spain) during stratification and mixing periods. A cluster analysis based on environmental variables identified five niches during stratification and one during mixing. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that communities within each niche differed in both, taxonomic and single‐cell characteristics. The environmental variables that explained the variation in class‐based ordination differed from those explaining the ordination based on single‐cell characteristics. However, a Procrustes analysis indicated a high correlation between the CCA ordinations based on both structural levels, suggesting simultaneous changes in the microbial community at multiple structural levels. Our findings underscore the dominant role of environmental selection in occupying different microbial niches, given that microbial dispersal was not restricted.
Pre‐treatment with Trichoderma viride: Towards a better understanding of its consequences for anaerobic digestion
Authors: Markt Rudolf , Prem Eva Maria , Lackner Nina , Mutschlechner Mira , Illmer Paul , Wagner Andreas Otto 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding and optimising biological pre‐treatment strategies for enhanced bio‐methane production is a central aspect in second‐generation biofuel research. In this regard, the application of fungi for pre‐treatment seems highly promising; however, understanding the mode of action is crucial. Here, we show how aerobic pre‐treatment of crystalline cellulose with the cellulolytic Trichoderma viride affects substrate degradability during mesophilic, anaerobic digestion. It could be demonstrated that fungal pre‐treatment resulted in a slightly reduced substrate mass. Nevertheless, no significant impact on the overall methane yield was found during batch fermentation. Short chain organic acids accumulation, thus, overall degradation dynamics including methane production kinetics were affected by the pre‐treatment as shown by Gompertz modelling. Finally, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing followed by ANCOM‐BC resulted in up to 53 operative taxonomic units including fermentative, syntrophic and methanogenic taxa, whereby their relative abundances were significantly affected by fungal pre‐treatment depending on the duration of the pre‐treatment. The results demonstrated the impact of soft rot fungal pre‐treatment of cellulose on subsequent anaerobic cellulose hydrolysis as well as on methanogenic activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the direct causal effects of pre‐treatment with T. viride on basic but crucial anaerobic digestion parameters in a highly standardised approach.
Revealing misattributed parentage through the integration of genetic information into the electronic health record
Authors: Tamir Sivan , Gazit Sivan , Sivan Shiri , Patalon Tal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe integration of genetic information (GI) into the electronic health record (EHR) seems inevitable as the mainstreaming of genomics continues. Such newly provided accessibility to GI could be beneficial for improving health care, as well as for supporting clinical decision‐making and health management. Notwithstanding these promising benefits, the automatic integration of GI into the EHR, allowing unrestricted access to one's GI through patient portals, carries various knowledge‐related risks for patients. This article is focused on the potential case of inadvertently revealing misattributed parentage through such practice. The article aims to identify key clinical and ethical implications of such revelation for adult patients. Clinical implications include, for example, altering the physician‐patient interaction and the need to enhance physician's genetic literacy to improve genetic‐information‐specific communication skills. Ethical implications yield arguments supporting disclosure of MP, such as autonomy, individuals' right to know medical information pertaining to them, and the right to know one's genetic origins. Arguments opposing disclosure of MP centre on the right not to know GI and concerns for post‐disclosure family relationships. Following the clinical and ethical analyses of these respective implications, we consider how such integration of GI into the EHR ought to be carried out, ethically. We therefore suggest a solution, featuring an autonomy‐based approach, built around EHR users' right not to know. Our solution of nuanced consent options (including a ‘genetic ignorance option’) is designed to enable patients' informed exposure to GI through the EHR, allowing them some control over their self‐ and familial narrative.
Carfilzomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone (KRD) in BTKi relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma: A phase II study from Fondazione Italiana Linfomi
Authors: Cavallo Federica , Clerico Michele , Lucchini Elisa , Castiglione Anna , Re Alessandro , Zilioli Vittorio Ruggiero , Visco Carlo , Tani Monica , Olivieri Jacopo , Arcaini Luca , Fabbri Alberto , Gaidano Gianluca , Dodero Anna , Zaja Francesco 
Published: June 2024

SummaryMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare lymphoproliferative neoplasm considered incurable, with a median survival of 3–5 years. In recent years, Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) have been introduced, demonstrating high therapeutic activity. However, the prognosis for MCL patients failing ibrutinib therapy is particularly poor, with a survival expectation of a few months. In this phase II trial, we assessed the efficacy and safety of the carfilzomib‐lenalidomide‐dexamethasone (KRD) combination in MCL patients who were relapsed/refractory (R/R) or intolerant to BTKi and in need of treatment. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of the KRD combination in terms of 12‐month overall survival (12‐month OS). From September 2019 to December 2020, 16 patients were enrolled from 11 Italian centers. After a median follow‐up of 2.37 months (95% CI 0.92–6.47), the 12‐month OS was 13%. The rate of grade 3–4 adverse events (AEs) was 35%, and the overall response rate (ORR) was 19%. These results led to the premature termination of enrollment, as defined in the protocol stopping rules. The efficacy of the KRD combination in advanced‐stage MCL patients who are R/R to BTKi is unsatisfactory and too toxic.
Coagulopathy in CAR‐T: Critical concern or mere blip?
Authors: Galli Eugenio , Sorà Federica , Rossi Elena 
Published: June 2024

Despite Peng and colleagues providing an extensive review of the clinical and laboratory aspects of CAR‐T‐associated coagulopathy, the current literature often lacks specificity in nomenclature and gradings, and the clinical implications of coagulopathy may remain unclear. Clear recommendations on stratification and prophylaxis are still required to standardize the clinical approach to this topic.Commentary on: Peng et al. Coagulation abnormalities associated with CAR‐T therapy in hematological malignancies: A review. Br J Haematol 2024;205:420‐428.
Targeted Investigational Treatment Analysis of Novel Anti‐androgen (TITAN) study: ultralow prostate‐specific antigen decline with apalutamide plus androgen‐deprivation therapy
Authors: Merseburger Axel S. , Agarwal Neeraj , Bjartell Anders , Uemura Hirotsugu , Soto Alvaro Juarez , Bhaumik Amitabha , Böhm Jürgen , Tran Nguyen , Krochmann Nils , Nematian‐Samani Mehregan , Mundle Suneel D. , Brookman‐May Sabine D. , Lopez‐Gitlitz Angela , McCarthy Sharon A. , Chi Kim , Chowdhury Simon 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTo assess the association between achievement of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels ≤0.2 ng/mL (henceforth ‘ultralow’) and clinical outcomes in patients in the ‘Targeted Investigational Treatment Analysis of Novel Anti‐androgen’ (TITAN) study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02489318) with metastatic castration‐sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC).Patients and MethodsPatients in the TITAN study with mCSPC were randomised to 240 mg/day apalutamide (n = 525) or placebo (n = 527) plus androgen‐deprivation therapy. This post hoc analysis assessed the achievement of a PSA level of 0.2–>0.02 ng/mL (‘ultralow one’ [UL1]) and ≤0.02 ng/mL (‘ultralow two’ [UL2]) vs >0.2 ng/mL with apalutamide treatment and its association with radiographic progression‐free survival (rPFS), overall survival (OS), time to castration‐resistant PC (TTCRPC), and time to PSA progression (TTPP). The landmark analysis and Kaplan–Meier methods were used.ResultsBy 3 months, more patients achieved UL1 and UL2 with apalutamide (38% and 23%) vs placebo (15% and 5%). In the apalutamide‐treated patients, UL2 vs PSA >0.2 ng/mL at landmark 3 months was associated with significantly longer rPFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14–0.54), OS (HR 0.24, 95% CI 0.13–0.43), TTCRPC (HR 0.2, 95% CI 0.11–0.38), and TTPP (HR 0.11, 95% CI 0.04–0.27; nominal P values all <0.001); this association was also observed but less pronounced for UL1. Similar findings were observed at 6 months. Early onset of decline to UL2 by 3 months was associated with improved survival vs PSA >0.2 ng/mL anytime (HR 0.12, 95% CI 0.06–0.22; P < 0.001) in apalutamide‐treated patients.ConclusionsIn this post hoc analysis of TITAN, patients with the deepest PSA decline derived the greatest benefit. These results extend our findings of apalutamide efficacy in the overall TITAN population, underscoring the clinical value of PSA kinetics as a marker for treatment efficacy.Patient SummaryPatients with metastatic prostate cancer that is sensitive to ongoing hormonal treatment benefited significantly from the addition of apalutamide compared with placebo. Those who achieved rapid and deep PSA reduction had the greatest survival benefit.
Pregnancy outcomes after first‐trimester exposure to fluoroquinolones: Findings based on an integrated database from two Japanese institutions
Authors: Goto Mikako , Anzai Tatsuhiko , Yamane Ritsuko , Yakuwa Naho , Takahashi Kunihiko , Murashima Atsuko 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGiven the paucity of safety data on fluoroquinolone antibiotics in pregnancy, a prospective observational cohort study was conducted in pregnant women who sought help and advice on drug use at two teratology information institutes in Japan. The primary endpoint of the study was the incidence of major congenital anomalies. The study population included pregnant women exposed to (i) fluoroquinolones (fluoroquinolone group), (ii) β‐lactams (infectious control group), or (iii) other agents considered to be nonteratogenic in humans (nonteratogenic control group) during the first trimester. The frequency of major congenital anomalies was compared across groups using a logistic regression model that adjusted for maternal age, smoking status, drinking status, facility consulted, and time of consultation. The fluoroquinolone group consisted of 411 women who had 383 children born alive. The infectious control and nonteratogenic control groups consisted of 1416 and 1482 women who had 1322 and 1401 children born alive, respectively. The incidence of major congenital anomalies was 1.5%, 2.0%, and 1.6% in the fluoroquinolone group, infectious control, and nonteratogenic control groups, respectively. Logistic regression showed that fluoroquinolone exposure is not a significant risk factor for major congenital anomalies. In conclusion, first‐trimester exposure to fluoroquinolone antibiotics was not associated with increased maternal or fetal risks.