bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress Responses in Pallid Sturgeon Following Three Simulated Hatchery Stressors
Authors: Nelson Lucas R , Small Brian C 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Because sturgeon populations are in critical decline, many species are artificially propagated in hatcheries with the goal of increasing wild stocks. Capture, transport, handling, confinement, and environmental fluctuations are just a few of the possible stressors Pallid Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus can be exposed to in conservation hatcheries. The objectives of the present study were to elucidate the effects of acute exposure to high ammonia concentrations, low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations, and crowding on stress responses in Pallid Sturgeon, quantified by changes in plasma cortisol and glucose. Exposure to un-ionized ammonia-nitrogen concentrations of 0.6 mg/L for 24 h resulted in no significant (P &gt; 0.05) change in plasma cortisol concentrations, suggesting these fish do not perceive the buildup of toxins. Exposure to 2 mg/L DO over a 0.5-h period resulted in a significant (P &lt; 0.05) increase in plasma cortisol concentrations during the low DO challenge, with levels decreasing (P &gt; 0.05) within 30 min of recovery and returning to prestress levels within 2.5 h of recovery. Plasma cortisol concentrations increased (P &lt; 0.05) within 0.25 h of crowding and remained elevated after 0.5 h of crowding. Removal of the crowding stressor did not result (P &gt; 0.05) in decreased circulating cortisol within 30 min. Regardless of the stressor, Pallid Sturgeon plasma glucose levels were unaffected (P &gt; 0.05). As such, glucose does not appear to be a reliable indicator of stress in Pallid Sturgeon. Defining the effects of stress on Pallid Sturgeon physiology is a critical first step toward understanding how stress affects fish health and well being and optimization of propagation practices.
Climate change, tourism and water resources in the Mediterranean
Authors: Roson Roberto , Sartori Martina 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to present and discuss some quantitative results obtained in assessing the economic impact of variations in tourism flows, induced by climate change, for some Mediterranean countries.Design/methodology/approach– Estimates by a regional climate model are used to build a tourism climate index, which indicates the suitability of climate, in certain locations, for general outdoor activities. As climate change is expected to affect a number of variables like temperature, wind and precipitation, it will have consequences on the degree of attractiveness of touristic destinations. The authors estimate the macroeconomic consequences of changing tourism flows by means of a computable general equilibrium model.Findings– The authors found that more incoming tourists will increase income and welfare, but this phenomenon will also induce a change in the productive structure, with a decline in agriculture and manufacturing, partially compensated by an expansion of service industries. The authors found that, in most countries, the decline in agriculture entails a lower demand for water, counteracting the additional demand for water coming from tourists and bringing about a lower water consumption overall.Research limitations/implications– A great deal of uncertainty affects, in particular: estimates of future climate conditions, especially for variables different from temperature, the relationship between climate and tourist demand, and its interaction with socio-economic variables. This also depends on the reliability of the TCI index as an indicator of climate suitability for tourism, on its application to spatially and temporally aggregated data, on the degree of responsiveness of tourism demand to variations in the TCI. Furthermore, as the authors followed here a single region approach, the authors were not able to consider in the estimates the impact of climate change on the global tourism industry. Nonetheless, the authors believe that a quantitative analysis like the one presented here is not without scope. First, it provides an order of magnitude for the impact of climate change on tourism and the national economy. Second, it allows to assess systemic and second-order effects, which are especially relevant in this context and, moreover, appear to be sufficiently robust to alternative model specifications. In other words, the value added of this study does not lie in the specific figures obtained by numerical computations, but on the broader picture emerging from the overall exercise.Originality/value– To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study in which, by assessing higher tourism attractiveness into a general equilibrium framework, the effect described above is detected and highlighted.
Clean development mechanism of Kyoto Protocol
Authors: Gupta Anil 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to review the developments in India with respect to clean development mechanism (CDM) of Kyoto Protocol to assess the achievements during first Kyoto Protocol period (2008-2012) in climate change mitigation and suggest measure for better participation during the second commitment period. The paper further makes an attempt to explore the experience, concerns and expectations of the Indian project proponents of green projects registered with CDM Executive Board.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper employs two methods: informal interviews with executives of World Bank, Designated National Authority (DNA) of India for CDM, leading international CDM consulting firms and a questionnaire survey of Indian CDM projects proponents.

Findings
– During first commitment period valid up to December 31, 2012, India remained active participant in the CDM, the only mechanism of Kyoto Protocol where developing countries can participate and join in mitigation of climate change, through the development of green projects and thereby earning additional revenue in terms of carbon finance by sale of carbon credits. The study finds out that in the global CDM experience, India's role is striking with its second highest share both in terms of number of projects registered worldwide and in generation of Certified Emission Reductions (CERs).

Originality/value
– This paper provides several recommendations for strengthening the institutional frame work in India with respect to CDM as well as suggestions to policy makers for consideration while charting out future policies and programs addressing climate change mitigation and adaptation oriented towards better participation in climate change mitigation during the second commitment period of Kyoto Protocol.
The case for professional boards: an assessment of Pozen's corporate governance model
Authors: A. Hemphill Thomas , J. Laurence Gregory 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– Robert C. Pozen, Chairman Emeritus of MFS Investment Management and a long-time scholar of corporate governance, has proposed a model of professional board directorship that responds to the three main factors he believes underpin ineffective board decision making: the large size of boards; the lack of specific industry expertise; and inadequate director time commitment. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– The authors critically evaluate the efficacy of Pozen's proposed corporate governance model, addressing the three main factors underpinning ineffective board decision making.Findings– A professional board consisting of retired executives with industry-specific expertise is vulnerable to a groupthink mentality, as well as to the availability of such individuals for board directorship seats. Moreover, while industry-specific expertise is a desired attribute of an independent board director, there are other attributes that firms are looking for, including international, regulatory/governmental, risk, technology, and marketing expertise. Lastly, Pozen's recommendations to reduce board size to seven members, as well as increasing the number of hours that independent directors spend on board-related activities (and commensurate compensation received), should be seriously considered as potential value-adding, corporate governance improvements.Originality/value– The authors critically evaluate a corporate governance model that, based on director-related issues arising from the recent global financial crisis, has resurrected the concept of a “professional board” of directors. The authors utilize state-of-the-art academic literature from the fields of corporate governance and organizational behavior to evaluate the merits and de-merits of the proposed corporate governance model, and present their findings (and recommendations) for improvements in corporate governance practices.
The relationship between employment and social networks in the older population
Authors: Haynes Philip , Banks Laura , Hill Michael 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between employment and social network membership in a secondary data set of European citizens aged 50-69 years.Design/methodology/approach– A subsample of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) covering 13 European countries is analysed. Principal components analysis is used to reduce numerous social network characteristics to core elements than can be compared with country of origin, sex and employment status. A logistic regression is used to determine involvement in a community organisation. The independent variables are country of residence, age, sex and employment status.Findings– Those employed were more likely to participate in a community organisation and to have a greater number of friends. Employment status did not affect the amount of family contact. Being employed was found to increase the chances of an individual being involved in a community organisation, but for many respondents, their country of origin had a great influence on the probability of not being involved.Research limitations/implications– The ISSP provided no data on subjective health status and so it was not possible to control for the influence of poor health on employment and social network status. The limitations of sample weighting are discussed.Practical implications– There is evidence from this research that continued employment in late middle age and early old age increases advantageous social network contacts.Originality/value– This research challenges some previous research that suggested employment in old age might reduce social network activity.
Priorities in accommodating office user preferences: impact on office users decision to stay or go
Authors: Remøy Hilde , J.M. van der Voordt Theo 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– When current accommodation is unsatisfactory, office organisations consider relocating to new accommodation that optimally facilitates their main processes and supports image and financial yield. However, due to high vacancy levels, public opinion and governmental awareness oppose new office construction. Reusing existing buildings could be the egg of Columbus. This paper aims at answering the questions: which property characteristics are important push and pull factors for relocation? What does this mean for the decision: stay or go?

Design/methodology/approach
– A literature review of factors determining organisations' accommodation choices was conducted. Interviews were held with large-scale office organisations and creative organisations, discussing relocation drivers. Henceforth, a survey was held among creative organisations, collecting data about property characteristics important for their preferences. Finally, office user preferences were compared with characteristics of structurally vacant buildings.

Findings
– Traditional push factors like car accessibility, extension need, and location and building image remain important. Nowadays sustainability issues like reducing energy consumption and better public transportation accessibility are highly prioritised pull factors as well. Regarding the creative industries, bike- and public transportation accessibility, multi-tenancy, and ICT and meeting facilities are most important.

Practical implications
– Knowing office users' preferences is important to attract and retain stable tenants. If office space supply is highly aligned to end-users' demands and easily adaptable to changing needs, probably more organisations will decide to stay instead of go, leaving behind empty offices.

Originality/value
– This study combines data about push and pull factors with relocation decision-making, innovatively focussing on the creative industries. The data can be used to explore opportunities and risks of adaptive re-use of the existing building stock.
Exploring wool apparel consumers’ ethical concerns and preferences
Authors: Nicola Sneddon Joanne , N. Soutar Geoffrey , Ann Lee Julie 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the potentially conflicting positive and negative ethical aspects of wool apparel and the relative importance of these ethical attributes when consumers in the USA make wool apparel purchase decisions.Design/methodology/approach– A two-stage mixed-method approach was used to explore the positive and negative ethical aspects of wool apparel and the relative importance of these ethical attributes in wool apparel purchase decisions. First, focus groups were used to identify ethical attributes that were important to wool apparel consumers in the USA. In the second stage, a conjoint survey was used to estimate the relative importance of the ethical and product attributes that were identified in the focus groups and the trade-offs made within this attribute set.Findings– Seven themes of ethical issues related to wool apparel consumption emerged during the focus groups: animal welfare, workers’ rights, environmental impact, extrinsic attributes, natural wool, country of origin (COO) and fair trade. In the conjoint analysis respondents identified COO as having the highest relative importance, followed by price, brand, ethical attributes and style. A cluster analysis of survey responses suggested there were two clusters that differed in the importance they attached to ethical labelling issues in wool apparel. The first cluster, did not place a great deal of importance on the ethical labelling issues included in the study, however, the second smaller cluster, ethical issues, specifically the humane treatment of sheep, were considered most important.Originality/value– The study identified wool apparel attributes that were valued by American consumers. That product attributes were more important than ethical attributes suggests a focus on ethical credentials alone may not be effective in wool marketing. Wool apparel was more likely to be purchased by American consumers if they were made in the USA, reasonably priced, made by an independent brand, from humanely produced wool and in a comfortable style.
Impacts of country images on luxury fashion brand: facilitating with the brand resonance model
Authors: Jung Jung Hye , Lee Yuri , Kim HaeJung , Yang Heesoon 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to identify the dimensionality of country image (CI) for luxury fashion brand and examine the multi-faceted impacts of CI on brand awareness, perceived quality, and brand loyalty in accordance with the brand resonance model. By identifying the constructs and conceptualizing and comparing the luxury fashion-brand resonance model between countries, this study demonstrates the pertinent CI impacts on luxury fashion-brand resonance in addition to exposing the cultural discrepancies between the Korean and the US samples.Design/methodology/approach– Based on three studies conducted in South Korea and the USA, the Luxury Fashion Brand Resonance scale was validated. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling revealed the 18 scales consisting of CI, brand awareness, perceived quality, and brand loyalty dimensions. Additionally, the country effect was controlled by comparing the composition of structural models between the Korean and US samples.Findings– Analysis of online data (n=466) collected from the USA and Korea identifies the underlying dimensions of the CIs including cultural assets, fashion equity, and technology advancement. Findings also support all hypothesized relationships among CI, brand awareness, perceived quality, and brand loyalty. Upon a comparison of the country disparities, it is evident that technology advancement is the determinant of the increase in luxury fashion brand awareness for the Korean group, while cultural asset and fashion equity are pertinent to the enhancement of luxury fashion brand awareness for the US group.Research limitations/implications– The structural relationships among the six dimensions of brand resonance may vary when different countries and brands are compared. To improve the generalizability of empirical findings, varied consumer samples should be employed, and other control effects, such as price and product categories, should be considered.Originality/value– To provide insight into the transition toward a global consumer market, this study provides a theoretical orientation to account for multi-dimensional CI effects on the luxury fashion-brand resonance model and an empirical validation of the theoretical orientation which is useful for developing competitive global luxury branding strategies.
Are we on track with sustainability literacy?
Authors: Hahn Rüdiger , Reimsbach Daniel 
Published: April 2014

Purpose– In this viewpoint, the authors aim to discuss sustainability issues in university education. Balancing what we call the “Accounting View” and the “Sustainability View”, the authors illuminate the status of value relevance of sustainability information and question the depth of business students' processing of this information.Design/methodology/approach– The discussion was triggered by an experimental study on sustainability disclosure which revealed interesting findings related to the participating students' prior sustainability and accounting coursework. The authors start the viewpoint from these findings and contrast them with existing views on sustainability and accounting (education).Findings– The amount of accounting coursework was positively related to the probability of including sustainability information in future stock value estimates, whereas this applied only marginally to sustainability coursework. However, students with more sophisticated sustainability knowledge seemed to scrutinize the given sustainability information more deeply, while students with “pure” accounting knowledge seemed more willing to simply accept the information.Practical implications– The authors argue for advancements in the curriculum for business students that foster critical thinking and might prevent students (and thus potential future managers) from using sustainability information superficially. The authors caution against regarding sustainability issues as an “add-on” to existing courses and curricula and call for a combination of integrating sustainability issues in (core) business courses and offering standalone courses on sustainability management or CSR.Originality/value– Triggered by findings from an experimental study, the authors contrast different opinions on sustainability education of business students and offer a new viewpoint on the (supposed) value relevance of sustainability information for future business leaders.
Why privacy is not enough privacy in the context of “ubiquitous computing” and “big data”
Authors: Matzner Tobias 
Published: April 2014

Purpose
– Ubiquitous computing and “big data” have been widely recognized as requiring new concepts of privacy and new mechanisms to protect it. While improved concepts of privacy have been suggested, the paper aims to argue that people acting in full conformity to those privacy norms still can infringe the privacy of others in the context of ubiquitous computing and “big data”.

Design/methodology/approach
– New threats to privacy are described. Helen Nissenbaum's concept of “privacy as contextual integrity” is reviewed concerning its capability to grasp these problems. The argument is based on the assumption that the technologies work, persons are fully informed and capable of deciding according to advanced privacy considerations.

Findings
– Big data and ubiquitous computing enable privacy threats for persons whose data are only indirectly involved and even for persons about whom no data have been collected and processed. Those new problems are intrinsic to the functionality of these new technologies and need to be addressed on a social and political level. Furthermore, a concept of data minimization in terms of the quality of the data is proposed.

Originality/value
– The use of personal data as a threat to the privacy of others is established. This new perspective is used to reassess and recontextualize Helen Nissenbaum's concept of privacy. Data minimization in terms of quality of data is proposed as a new concept.
Corporate and product brands: do they improve SMEs' performance?
Authors: Agostini Lara , Filippini Roberto , Nosella Anna 
Published: April 2014

Purpose–The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of brands on small to medium-sized enterprise (SME) performance in the fashion industry, trying also to shed light on the different effect that corporate and product brands may produce.Design/methodology/approach–The approach uses cross-sectional time series regression to investigate the relationship between trademarks and sales, controlling for firm size. A purposive sampling technique is adopted, focusing on a sample of Italian SMEs in the fashion industry.Findings–Results indicate that trademarks do have a positive impact on SMEs' performance in the fashion industry, and in particular corporate trademarks seem to be effective in producing a sales increase, while product trademarks do not.Research limitations/implications–The main limit of this research is that no variable mediating the relationship between trademarks and performance was considered. Furthermore, the number of trademarks may not capture all the dimensions of brand.Practical implications–The most important aspect is that SME managers in the fashion industry could benefit from a trademarking strategy; in particular, investments in building a strong corporate brand, thus concentrating SMEs' effort, instead of having many different product brands, seems to create greater effect in the minds of consumers, and thus result in sales increases.Originality/value–This paper is one of first attempts to shed light on the issue regarding the association between SMEs' branding strategy and performance. Moreover, the distinction between corporate and product brands represents an innovative element in this type of study.