bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel deep learning approach for facial emotion recognition: application to detecting emotional responses in elderly individuals with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Bohi Amine , Boudouri Yassine El , Sfeir Imad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Facial expressions play a critical role in human communication by effectively conveying a wide range of emotions. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence and computer vision have made deep neural networks powerful tools for recognizing facial emotions. In a prior study, we introduced EmoNeXt, an innovative deep learning framework for facial expression recognition based on a modified ConvNeXt architecture, incorporating several significant enhancements. Initially, we evaluated its performance on the FER2013 dataset. This paper extends the evaluation of EmoNeXt to additional well-known benchmark datasets, including AffectNet and CK+, to further validate its robustness and generalizability. EmoNeXt integrates enhancements such as Spatial Transformer Networks, which help the model focus on areas of the face rich in expressive features, Squeeze-and-Excitation blocks, which improve the model’s ability to understand dependencies between different channels, and a self-attention regularization term that encourages the model to produce compact and effective feature vectors. Furthermore, this paper presents an extensive ablation study conducted on the three datasets, analyzing and confirming the contribution of each added module of our EmoNeXt model. Finally, we explore EmoNeXt’s application in recognizing emotions in elderly individuals with Alzheimer’s disease, addressing the urgent need for accurate emotion recognition to improve patient care.
Understanding Misinformation Dynamics in Social Networks: The Uninformed-Spreaders-Debunkers (USD)
Authors: Yang Xiujia , Yang Junghwan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This research proposes the Uninformed-Spreaders-Debunkers (USD) model, an innovative adaptation of the classical epidemiological Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) framework, tailored to examine the spread of misinformation within social networks. The USD model distinguishes individual roles into three categories – uninformed (U), spreaders (S), and debunkers (D) – and combines network features with user characteristics to provide a holistic understanding of the mechanics of misinformation dissemination. We argue that the composition of uninformed, spreaders, and debunkers in the network can affect the patterns of misinformation propagation. To test this idea, this study uses a novel agent-based modeling based on real-world datasets to simulate the intricate propagation pathways of misinformation. The USD model addresses a critical research gap by considering both the networked aspects of social media and the multifaceted user interactions within these platforms. Results suggest that misinformation spreads differently across network types and that debunking styles, the initialized ratio of debunkers, and user interactions significantly affect the reach and control of misinformation in a large social network. These findings provide theoretical and practical insights into designing effective strategies to combat misinformation online.
Computational Study of Precipitation Hardening Process Effects on Mechanical Performance of Al-Zn-Mg Alloy: Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Sabetvand Roozbeh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The precipitation hardening is a heat treatment process used to increase the strength and hardness of certain alloys. The atomic analysis of this procedure can be presented valuable hints in actual applications. In current research, we used molecular dynamics (MD) method to introduce the temperature of precipitation hardening process effects on mechanical performance of Al-Zn-Mg alloy. Our MD research done in 2 main steps. Firstly, the equilibrium phase of modeled alloy reported by temperature and total energy convergence. After equilibrium phase detection, the mechanical properties of samples introduced by structural expansion process. MD results indicated the mechanical performance of Al-Zn-Mg alloy improved appreciably by using precipitation hardening process rather to pure aluminum sample. Furthermore, simulations outputs predicted the 473 K is appropriate temperature in precipitation hardening process of designed alloy. The ultimate strength and Young’s modulus of Al-Zn-Mg alloy increased to 348.98 MPa and 69.46 GPa (respectively) in optimum condition which should be supposed in mechanical applications.
A Novel RSA Attack Leveraging Christoffel and Stern-Brocot Tree Properties
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Abhishek , Thamburaj Robinson 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This research paper explores the properties of ChristoffelWords, which are formed using a binary alphabet. These words have been extensively studied by Jean Berstel, Christophe Reutenauer, and others, due to their intriguing combinatorial and geometrical characteristics. We have established specific combinatorial properties of the Christoffel and Stern-Brocot trees, which in certain cases can be effectively utilized to compute the modulo multiplicative inverse of a natural number and have also presented a novel algorithm to attack the RSA cryptosystem using this application.
Tunnel wash water in a cold climate: characteristics, ecotoxicological risk, and effect of sedimentation
Authors: Sosalla Nadine , Uhl Wolfgang , Vistnes Hanne , Rathnawe Subhash Srikantha , Vik Eilen Arctander , Meyn Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The characterization of tunnel wash water (TWW) from 12 Norwegian tunnels showed very high concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS), metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The particulate matter is dominated by iron, aluminium, manganese, and zinc, where iron and aluminium hydroxides account for about 40% of the TSS. But the concentrations of metals such as copper, zinc, and cadmium cause the TWWs studied to be classified as having poor water quality, using environmental quality standards. Metals in the particulate fraction are removed effectively by sedimentation. However, those responsible for the classification of bad water quality seem to be present to a greater extent in small particles or colloids and are removed to a lesser extent from the particulate fraction. No removal of metals from the dissolved fraction by sedimentation was found. However, PAHs were removed more significantly from the dissolved phase than from the particulate phase. It is evident from the results that PAHs with four to six aromatic rings preferentially adsorb to particles during the sedimentation process, while smaller PAHs, with fewer rings, stay in the dissolved phase. Finally, a closer evaluation of secondary treatment of TWW, regarding effectivity and economic efficiency, is recommended.
REFLEKSI KETAHANAN EKONOMI PASCA PANDEMI
Authors: Danugroho Agus 
Published: July 2024

Abstrak: Pancasila, sebagai dasar ideologi Republik Indonesia, memiliki relevansi yang mendalam dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk ekonomi. Namun, dalam era globalisasi yang didominasi oleh generasi milenial, relevansi ekonomi Pancasila sering kali terabaikan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggaungkan kembali relevansi ekonomi Pancasila bagi generasi milenial melalui pendekatan akademis dan ilmiah pasca pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis untuk mengkaji nilai-nilai ekonomi Pancasila dan bagaimana nilai-nilai tersebut dapat diimplementasikan dalam konteks ekonomi modern yang dinamis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai Pancasila, seperti keadilan sosial, kemanusiaan, dan kebersamaan, semakin relevan dan diterapkan dalam berbagai bentuk usaha dan inovasi. Generasi milenial menunjukkan kemampuan adaptasi yang tinggi dan berperan penting dalam membangun ekonomi yang lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menekankan bahwa pemahaman dan penerapan ekonomi Pancasila oleh milenial dapat menjadi kunci dalam memperkuat ketahanan ekonomi nasional dan mewujudkan kesejahteraan bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia.
Kata Kunci: Ekonomi Pancasila; Milenial; Pasca Pandemi Covid-19.

Abstract: Pancasila, as the ideological foundation of Indonesia, holds deep relevance in various aspects of life, including the economy. However, in an era of globalization dominated by the millennial generation, the relevance of Pancasila's economic principles is often overlooked. This paper aims to reaffirm the relevance of Pancasila's economic principles for millennials through an academic and scientific approach in the post-pandemic Covid-19 era. This study employs qualitative methods with a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the economic values of Pancasila and how these values can be implemented in the dynamic context of the modern economy. The research findings show that Pancasila values, such as social justice, humanity, and togetherness, are increasingly relevant and applied in various forms of enterprises and innovations. Millennials demonstrate a high capacity for adaptation and play a crucial role in building a more inclusive and sustainable economy. This study emphasizes that the understanding and application of Pancasila's economic principles by millennials can be key to strengthening national economic resilience and achieving prosperity for all Indonesian people.
Keywords: Pancasila Economy; Millennials; Post-Covid-19 Pandemic.
Consideration of system security criteria in the models of power system unit commitment
Authors: Dobrynina Yu. E. , Krupenev D. S. 
Published: July 2024

The study aims to analyze the unit commitment models and mechanisms that are used in the wholesale electricity and capacity market in Russia and other countries, as well as to consider the methods and criteria for taking into account the system security constraints in these models. The subject matter of the study includes energy systems: wholesale energy and capacity markets in Russia, the United Kingdom, EU countries, Australia, and the United States of America. In this work, various scientific information sources were collected and analytically reviewed. The study considers the performance framework of the wholesale electricity and capacity market in different countries and the main control mechanisms in solving the unit commitment problem, as well as studying and analyzing the legal and regulatory framework in solving optimization problems. It is shown that within the domestic model, the Russian Power System Operator conducts unit commitment according to the submitted price bids, taking into account the needs of the market and the energy system balance. The considered and analyzed unit commitment scheme adopted in the Russian electric power industry fails to take full account of system security, which prompts further study of this issue. The performed comparative analysis of principles underlying the performance of models and the specifics of solving unit commitment problems revealed the strengths and weaknesses in the approaches adopted in different countries both in terms of the legislation and models. The conducted analytical study helped to formulate the key points for each model that can be used to solve the unit commitment problem.
The use of the self-organizing map (SOM) methodology to study the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in different water body types
Authors: Song Han , Gao Liangmin , Li Xiaolong , Zhang Kai , Xia Jieyu , Shu Xin , Wu Lin 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in two distinct water bodies, through the utilization of three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with self-organizing map (SOM) methodology. Specifically, this analysis concentrated on neurons 3, 14, and 17 within the SOM model, identifying notable differences in the DOM compositions of a coal subsidence water body (TX) and the MaChang Reservoir (MC). The humic substance content of DOM TX exceeded that of MC. The origin of DOM in TX was primarily linked to agricultural inputs and rainfall runoff, whereas the DOM in MC was associated with human activities, displaying distinctive autochthonous features and heightened biological activity. Principal component analysis revealed that humic substances dominated the DOM in TX, while the natural DOM in MC was primarily autochthonous. Furthermore, a multiple linear regression model (MLR) determined that external pollution was responsible for 99.11% of variation in the humification index (HIX) of water bodies.
Participation of CWINV and SUS Genes in Sucrose Utilization in the
Disruption of Cambium Derivatives Differentiation of Silver Birch
Authors: Moshchenskaya Yulia Leonidovna , Galibina Natalia Alekseevna , Serkova Aleksandra Aleksandrovna , Tarelkina Tatyana Vladimirovna , Nikerova Ksenia Michailovna , Korzhenevsky Maksim Anatol’evich , Sofronova Irina Nikolaevna , Semenova Ludmila Igorevna 
Published: July 2024

Background:
The mechanisms that control the accumulation of woody biomass are of
great interest to the study. Invertase and sucrose synthase are enzymes that are vital for distributing
carbon in various biosynthetic pathways. Karelian birch (Betula pendula var. carelica) is a
form of silver birch (B. pendula Roth) and is characterized by disruption of the differentiation of
cambium derivatives towards both the xylem and phloem, which leads to a change in the proportion
of the conducting tissues' structural elements and the figured wood formation. We researched
the expression profiles of genes encoding sucrose-cleaving enzymes (CWINV and SUS gene families)
and genes encoding CVIF protein, which is responsible for the post-translational regulation
of the cell wall invertase activity.

Objective:
In our study, 16-year-old common silver birch (Betula pendula var. pendula) and Karelian
birch were used for sampling non-figured and figured trunk section tissues, respectively. Samples
were selected for the research based on the radial vector: non-conductive, conductive phloem,
cambial zone - differentiating xylem - mature xylem.

Methods:
The enzyme's activity was investigated by biochemical methods. RT-PCR method was
used to determine the level of gene expression. Anatomical and morphological methods were used
to determine the stage of differentiation of xylem cambial derivatives.

Results:
Our research revealed a shift in the composition of xylem components in figured Karelian
birch, characterized by increased parenchymatization and reduced vessel quantity. In all
studied trunk tissues of Karelian birch, compared with common silver birch, an increase in the expression
of the CWINV gene family and the SUS3 gene and a decrease in the expression of SUS4
were shown.

Conclusion:
Therefore, the increase in parenchymatization in figured Karelian birch is linked to a
shift in sucrose metabolism towards the apoplastic pathway, indicated by a higher cell wall invertase
activity and gene expression. The expression of the SUS4 gene correlates with the decrease in
xylem increments and vessel proportion. The research findings will enhance our understanding of
how sucrose breaking enzymes regulate secondary growth in woody plants and aid in developing
practical timber cultivation methods.
A Quest for Potential Role of Vitamin D in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Induced Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Obaid Ahmad A. , Farrash Wesam F. , Mujalli Abdulrahman , Singh Sandeep Kumar 
Published: July 2024

:
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels. In recent years,
T2DM has become a worldwide health issue due to an increase in incidence and prevalence. Diabetic kidney
disease (DKD) is one of the devastating consequences of diabetes, especially owing to T2DM and the key clinical
manifestation of DKD is weakened renal function and progressive proteinuria. DKD affects approximately
1/3rd of patients with diabetes mellitus, and T2DM is the predominant cause of end-stage kidney disease
(ESKD). Several lines of studies have observed the association between vitamin D deficiency and the progression
and etiology of type II diabetes mellitus. Emerging experimental evidence has shown that T2DM is associated
with various kinds of kidney diseases. Recent evidence has also shown that an alteration in VDR (vitamin
D receptor) signaling in podocytes leads to DKD. The present review aims to examine vitamin D metabolism
and its correlation with T2DM. Furthermore, we discuss the potential role of vitamin D and VDR in diabetic
kidney disease.
The Recent Development of Luteolin-loaded Nanocarrier in Targeting Cancer
Authors: Kar Biswakanth , Rout Sudhanshu Ranjan , Halder Jitu , Mahanty Ritu , Mishra Ajit , Saha Ivy , Rajwar Tushar Kanti , Dash Priyanka , Das Chandan , Pradhan Deepak , Rai Vineet Kumar , Ghosh Goutam , Rath Goutam 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Luteolin (LUT), a naturally occurring flavonoid found in vegetables, fruits, and herbal
medicines, has been extensively studied for its pharmacological activities, including anti-proliferative and
anticancer effects on various cancer lines. It also exhibits potent antioxidant properties and pro-apoptotic activities
against human cancers. However, its therapeutic potential is hindered by its poor solubility in water
(5 μg/ml at 45°C) and low bioavailability. This research on the development of luteolin-loaded nanocarrier
aims to overcome these limitations, thereby opening up new possibilities in cancer treatment.

Methods:
This paper covers several nanoformulations studied to increase the solubility and bioavailability of
LUT. The physicochemical characteristics of the nanoformulation that influence luteolin's solubility and bioavailability
have been the subject of more in-depth investigation. Furthermore, it examines how LUT's anti-inflammatory
and antioxidant properties aid in lessening the side effects of chemotherapy.

Results:
Most nanoformulations, including phytosomes, lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, protein nanoparticles,
polymer micelles, nanoemulsions, and metal nanoparticles, have shown promising results in improving the solubility
and bioavailability of LUT. This is a significant step forward in enhancing the therapeutic potential of
LUT in cancer treatment. Furthermore, the study found that LUT's ability to scavenge free radicals can significantly
reduce the side effects of cancer treatment, further highlighting its potential to improve patient outcomes.

Conclusion:
Nanoformulations, because of their unique surface and physiochemical properties, improve the
solubility and bioavailability of LUT. However, poor in-vitro and in-vivo correlation and scalability of nanoformulations
need to be addressed to achieve good clinical performance of LUT in oncology.
Knockdown of hsa_circ_0102231 Impedes the Progression of Liver Cancer
through the miR-873–SOX4 Axis
Authors: Qian Jingyu , Jiang Banghong , Qin Zhongqiang , Tan Yulin 
Published: July 2024

Background::
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most intractable tumors in
the world due to its high rate of recurrence and heterogeneity.

Aim::
The objective of this study was to investigate the role of circular RNA 0102231 (hsa_circ_
0102231) in the progression of liver cancer.

Methods::
In this study, quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiments were performed to
quantify the hsa_circ_0102231 level in different liver cancer cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis, as
well as a dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assay, were used to identify putative hsa_circ_
0102231 downstream targets. Colony formation and CCK8 assays were utilized to examine cell
proliferation, whereas Transwell assays were employed to monitor cell migration. Lastly, the role
of hsa_circ_0102231 in liver cancer was assessed in a subcutaneous xenograft model.

Results::
The expression of hsa_circ_0102231 increased significantly in HepG2 and Huh-7 cells
compared with controls, and hsa_circ_0102231 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and migration
in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis, as well as a dual-luciferase reporter and RNA
pulldown assay, revealed that miR-873 and SOX4 were hsa_circ_0102231 downstream targets.
miR-873 inhibition or SOX4 overexpression rescued the proliferation and migration of HepG2
and Huh-7 cells after hsa_circ_0102231 knockdown. Furthermore, SOX4 overexpression reversed
the miR-873-induced inhibition of cell migration and proliferation in vitro.

Conclusion::
These results show that hsa_circ_0102231 knockdown impedes the progression of
liver cancer by regulating the miR-873/SOX4 axis. However, further studies are needed to determine
whether hsa_circ_0102231 may be a therapeutic target in liver cancer.
Functional Roles of Long Non-coding RNAs on Stem Cell-related
Pathways in Glioblastoma
Authors: Moftakhar Arya , Khoshnam Seyed Esmaeil , Farzaneh Maryam , Abouali Gale Dari Mahrokh 
Published: July 2024

:
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), characterized by their length exceeding 200 nucleotides
and lack of protein-coding capacity, are intricately associated with a wide array of cellular
processes, encompassing cell invasion, differentiation, proliferation, migration, apoptosis,
and regeneration. Perturbations in lncRNA expression have been observed in numerous diseases
and have emerged as pivotal players in the pathogenesis of diverse tumor types. Glioblastoma, a
highly malignant primary tumor of the central nervous system (CNS), remains a formidable
challenge even with the advent of novel therapeutic interventions, as primary glioblastomas invariably
exhibit therapy resistance and aggressive behavior. Glioblastomas can arise from progenitor
cells or neuroglial stem cells, revealing profound cellular heterogeneity, notably in the
form of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) possessing stem-like properties. Glioblastomas comprise
neural precursors that harbor essential characteristics of neural stem cells (NSCs). Several
signaling pathways have been implicated in the regulation of self-renewal in both cancer cells
and stem cells. In addition to their involvement in therapy resistance and survival of glioblastoma,
lncRNAs are implicated in the modulation of GSC behaviors through diverse pathways and
the intricate regulation of various genes and proteins. This review aims to comprehensively discuss
the interplay between lncRNAs, their associated pathways, and GSCs, shedding light on
their potential implications in glioblastoma.