bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardized uptake value based evaluation of lymphoma by FDG and FLT PET/CT
Authors: Wang Ruimin , Zhu Haiyan , Chen Yingmao , Li Can , Li Fei , Shen Zhihui , Tian Jiahe , Yu Li , Xu Baixuan 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAlthough 18F‐FDG PET/CT imaging is the conventional method for evaluating lymphoma, PET/CT imaging with radiopharmaceuticals other than FDG is being investigated. We evaluated the utility of different standardized uptake value (SUV) measurements in 18F‐FLT PET/CT scans compared with PET/CT scans performed with FDG. Two scans, each using one of the radiopharmaceuticals, were performed on each of 114 patients with histologically proven lymphoma. Maximum and mean SUV (SUVmax) and (SUVmean) of all visualized lesions, with backgrounds of mediastinal blood pool, liver, spleen and vertebra were calculated. The ratios of the SUVs of the lesions to those of each reference region were statistically analyzed. Using receiver operating characteristic curves, we analyzed the differences in uptake of the two agents in aggressive and indolent B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. We found that the SUVmax measurements of FDG were significantly different between aggressive and indolent B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. The receiver operating characteristic curve of SUVmax of tumour/liver for FDG studies resulted in the most area under the curve. The SUVmax of the tumour/mediastinum ratio for FLT studies resulted in the most area under the curve (0.781). There was no significant correlation between FDG and FLT uptake in most types of lymphoma we studied. Further studies of the characteristics of 18F‐FLT should employ the tumour/mediastinum SUVmax ratio for accurate uptake measurement. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tracing contributions to hydro‐isotopic differences between two adjacent lakes in the southern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Shi Xiaonan , Zhang Fan , Tian Lide , Joswiak Daniel R. , Zeng Chen , Qu Dongmei 
Published: September 2013

AbstractHydrological processes of lakes in the Tibetan Plateau are an important indicator of climate change. Due to the high elevation, inaccessibility and limited availability of historical observations, water budget evaluation of typical lake basins has been inadequate. In this study, stable isotopes are used to trace the multiple water sources contributing to two adjacent lakes on the north slope of the Himalayas, Gongmo‐tso and Drem‐tso. The two lakes have nearly the same elevation, lake area and climatic condition. However, the isotopic composition of the two lakes presents significant differences. Qualitative observations attribute the differences to hydrological discrepancies: Gongmo‐tso is a through‐flow lake, whereas Drem‐tso is a terminal lake. Quantitative analyses, including water and isotope mass balance modelling, clarify the fluxes and isotopic compositions among the various hydrological elements. The isotopic composition of input water, calculated as the summation of rainfall and upstream runoff, is estimated using the local meteoric water line (LMWL) combined with the time series of lake water isotope values. The isotopic composition of evaporation is calculated with a linear resistance model using local meteorological data. The results show that Drem‐tso is a closed lake in a hydrological steady state with relatively more enriched lake water isotope values resulting mainly from evaporation. In contrast, through‐flow accounts for more than 88% of the water input into Gongmo‐tso. The large amount of upstream runoff with lower isotopic composition and enrichment due to evaporation are the major contributions to the observed lake water isotope values. Isotopic modelling of the two neighbouring lakes is effective for isotopic and hydrological research in this region with limited in situ observations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation and characterization of multiactive electrospun fibers: Poly‐ɛ‐carpolactone fibers loaded with hydroxyapatite and selected NSAIDs
Authors: Karavasili Chirstina , Bouropoulos Nikolaos , Kontopoulou Ioanna , Smith Ashleigh , van der Merwe Susanna M. , Rehman Ihtesham U. R. , Ahmad Zeeshan , Fatouros Dimitrios G. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractElectrospun poly‐ε‐caprolactone fibers were employed as hosts for hydroxypatite and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) ibuprofen (IBU) and indomethacin (INDO) (separately). The fibers (size range between 400 and 20 µm) were characterized by means of X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The physicochemical characterization of the fibers indicated that the drugs are associated with the fibers in an amorphous state. The release of IBU and INDO was monitored in PBS pH 7.4. A rapid release was observed for both drugs. Finally, bioactivity studies in simulated body fluid revealed the formation of hydroxyapatite, indicating that the fibers could be further utilized as materials for coupled (or multipurpose) biomedical and biomaterial engineering applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2583–2589, 2014.
Do collagen meshes offer any benefits over preclude® ePTFE implants in contaminated surgical fields? A comparative in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: García‐Pumarino Rubén , Pascual Gemma , Rodríguez Marta , Pérez‐Köhler Bárbara , Bellón Juan Manuel 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe surgical repair of an abdominal wall defect may be complicated by infection. We examined the in vitro and in vivo behavior of Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (Se) when placed in contact with three collagen bioprostheses. For the in vitro study, 1 cm2 fragments of the collagen meshes (Collamend®, Surgisis®, and Permacol®) and a control polytetrafluoroethylene mesh, Preclude®(ePTFE) were incubated on blood agar plates inoculated with Sa or Se. In the in vivo study, 2 partial 3 × 3 cm defects were created in the abdominal wall of 72 rabbits and infected with a suspension‐containing 106 Colony‐forming unit (CFU) of Sa or Se. The defects were then repaired using the above materials. At 14 and 30 days postimplant, mesh specimens were obtained for histological, morphometric, and biomechanical analysis. The incubated collagen meshes showed significantly greater bacterial loads than the ePTFE. In vivo, large abscesses comprised of bacteria (Sa/Se), detritus and white cells could be seen 14 days post‐implant. At 30 days, the bacterial infiltrate was reduced in the Se group. In conclusion, in presence of bacterial contamination, no benefits were observed of the use of the collagen bioprostheses tested over the use of a non porous ePTFE mesh (Preclude®). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 366–375, 2014.
Mechanical effect of static loading on endodontically treated teeth restored with fiber‐reinforced posts
Authors: Chieruzzi Manila , Rallini Marco , Pagano Stefano , Eramo Stefano , D'Errico Potito , Torre Luigi , Kenny José M. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical behavior of a dental system built up with fiber‐reinforced composite (FRC) endodontic posts with different types of fibers and two cements (the first one used with a primer, the second one without it). Six FRC posts were used. Each system was characterized in terms of structural efficiency under external applied loads similar to masticatory forces. An oblique force was applied and stiffness and maximum load data were obtained. The same test was used for the dentine. The systems were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) to investigate the surface of the post and inner surface of root canal after failure. The mechanical tests showed that load values in dental systems depend on the post material and used cement. The highest load (281 ± 59 N) was observed for the conical glass fiber posts in the cement without primer. There was a 50 and 85% increase in the maximum load for two of the conical posts with glass fibers and a 229% increase for the carbon fiber posts in the cement without primer as compared with the cement with primer. Moreover, almost all the studied systems showed fracture resistances higher than the typical masticatory loads. The microscopic analysis underlined the good adhesion of the second cement at the interfaces between dentine and post. The mechanical tests confirmed that the strength of the dental systems subjected to masticatory loads was strictly related to the bond at the interface post/cement and cement/dentine. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 384–394, 2014.
Inactivation of Vhl in Osteochondral Progenitor Cells Causes High Bone Mass Phenotype and Protects Against Age-Related Bone Loss in Adult Mice
Authors: Weng Tujun , Xie Yangli , Huang Junlan , Luo Fengtao , Yi Lingxian , He Qifen , Chen Di , Chen Lin 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Previous studies have shown that disruption of von Hippel–Lindau gene (Vhl) coincides with activation of hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIFα) signaling in bone cells and plays an important role in bone development, homeostasis, and regeneration. It is known that activation of HIF1α signaling in mature osteoblasts is central to the coupling between angiogenesis and bone formation. However, the precise mechanisms responsible for the coupling between skeletal angiogenesis and osteogenesis during bone remodeling are only partially elucidated. To evaluate the role of Vhl in bone homeostasis and the coupling between vascular physiology and bone, we generated mice lacking Vhl in osteochondral progenitor cells (referred to as Vhl cKO mice) at postnatal and adult stages in a tamoxifen-inducible manner and changes in skeletal morphology were assessed by micro–computed tomography (µCT), histology, and bone histomorphometry. We found that mice with inactivation of Vhl in osteochondral progenitor cells at the postnatal stage largely phenocopied that of mice lacking Vhl in mature osteoblasts, developing striking and progressive accumulation of cancellous bone with increased microvascular density and bone formation. These were accompanied with a significant increase in osteoblast proliferation, upregulation of differentiation marker Runx2 and osteocalcin, and elevated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8. In addition, we found that Vhl deletion in osteochondral progenitor cells in adult bone protects mice from aging-induced bone loss. Our data suggest that the VHL-mediated signaling in osteochondral progenitor cells plays a critical role in bone remodeling at postnatal/adult stages through coupling osteogenesis and angiogenesis. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Dominant Negative MCP‐1 Blocks Human Osteoclast Differentiation
Authors: Morrison Nigel A. , Day Christopher J. , Nicholson Geoff C. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTHuman osteoclasts were differentiated using receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M‐CSF) from colony forming unit‐granulocyte macrophage (CFU‐GM) precursors of the myeloid lineage grown from umbilical cord blood. Gene expression profiling using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q‐PCR) showed more than 1,000‐fold induction of chemokine MCP‐1 within 24 h of RANKL treatment. MCP‐1 mRNA content exceeds that of other assayed chemokines (CCL1, 3, 4, and 5) at all time points up to day 14 of treatment. MCP‐1 induction preceded peak induction of calcium signaling activator calmodulin 1 (CALM1) and transcription factors JUN and FOS, which were at 3 days. Key osteoclast related transcription factors NFATc1 and NFATc2 showed peak induction at 7 days, while marker genes for osteoclast function cathepsin K and tartrate resistance acid phosphatase (TRAP) were maximally induced at 14 days, corresponding with mature osteoclast function. To test whether the early and substantial peak in MCP‐1 expression is part of human osteoclast differentiation events, a dominant negative inhibitor of MCP‐1 (7ND) was added simultaneously with RANKL and M‐CSF, resulting in blockade of CALM1, JUN and NFATc2 induction and strong inhibition of human osteoclast differentiation. These data show that a cascade of gene expression leading to osteoclast differentiation depends on intact early MCP‐1 induction and signaling in human osteoclasts. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 303–312, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Endoscopic sonography and sonographically guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of unusual pancreatic metastases from synovial sarcoma
Authors: Krishna Somashekar G. , Rao Bhavana B. , Lee Jeffrey H. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTPancreatic metastases are commonly solitary solid lesions frequently derived from primary renal cell carcinoma, lung cancer, or melanoma. Very few case reports have described cystic‐appearing metastases in the pancreas and even fewer have reported a combination of cystic and solid metastatic lesions. Synovial sarcoma is a rare and aggressive soft tissue neoplasm, frequently metastasizing to the lungs and bones. We present a case of primary synovial sarcoma with multiple solid and cystic‐appearing pancreatic metastases diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound and sonographically guided fine‐needle aspiration. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:180–182, 2014
Ground penetrating radar geologic field studies of the ejecta of Barringer Meteorite Crater, Arizona, as a planetary analog
Authors: Russell Patrick S. , Grant John A. , Williams Kevin K. , Carter Lynn M. , Brent Garry W. , Daubar Ingrid J. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractGround penetrating radar (GPR) has been a useful geophysical tool in investigating a variety of shallow subsurface geological environments on Earth. Here we investigate the capabilities of GPR to provide useful geologic information in one of the most common geologic settings of planetary surfaces, impact crater ejecta. Three types of ejecta are surveyed with GPR at two wavelengths (400 MHz, 200 MHz) at Meteor Crater, Arizona, with the goal of capturing the GPR signature of the subsurface rock population. In order to “ground truth” the GPR characterization, subsurface rocks are visually counted and measured in preexisting subsurface exposures immediately adjacent to and below the GPR transect. The rock size‐frequency distribution from 10 to 50 cm based on visual counts is well described by both power law and exponential functions, the former slightly better, reflecting the control of fragmentation processes during the impact‐ejection event. GPR counts are found to overestimate the number of subsurface rocks in the upper meter (by a factor of 2–3x) and underestimate in the second meter of depth (0.6–1.0x), results attributable to the highly scattering nature of blocky ejecta. Overturned ejecta that is fractured yet in which fragments are minimally displaced from their complement fragments produces fewer GPR returns than well‐mixed ejecta. The use of two wavelengths and division of results into multiple depth zones provides multiple aspects by which to characterize the ejecta block population. Remote GPR measurement of subsurface ejecta in future planetary situations with no subsurface exposure can be used to characterize those rock populations relative to that of Meteor Crater.
Viewing angle enhanced integral imaging display based on double‐micro‐lens array
Authors: Wang Ya‐Zhou , Li Da‐Hai , Luo Cheng‐Gao , Wang Qiong‐Hua 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA viewing angle enhanced integral imaging display, which consists of a double microlens array, and a display panel is proposed. The double microlens array includes a convex microlens array and a concave microlens array. The display panel is used to display original elemental image array. The convex microlens array, located near the display panel, is used to provide a virtual elemental image array for the concave microlens array. The concave microlens array, located far away from the display panel, is used to display integral images with the virtual elemental image array. Compared with the original elemental image, the pitch for each virtual elemental image is magnified by the corresponding convex microlens. As a result, the viewing angle is expanded. Simulations based on ray‐tracing are performed and the results agree well with the theory.
J‐Like Supramolecular Assemblies of Polyaniline in Water
Authors: Omelchenko Olga , Tomšík Elena , Zhigunov Alexander , Guskova Olga , Gribkova Oxana , Gospodinova Natalia 
Published: September 2013

The consideration of polyaniline (PANI) as a supramolecular assembly similar to J‐aggregates of dyes is proposed. Fibrils with a length of more than 100 nm and a diameter of about 4 nm are formed in water during aniline polymerization, as shown by small‐angle X‐ray scattering. Long‐wavelength absorption of the fibrils, red‐shifted with respect to highly crystalline PANI film supports the idea about the formation of J‐aggregates. Their formation, similar to dyes, is promoted by the addition of a sulfonated polyelectrolyte and becomes more pronounced with an increase of the molar mass of the polyelectrolyte. Self‐organization of aniline oligomers in a polar environment is confirmed by atomistic molecular dynamics simulations.
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Protective effect of a pomace olive oil concentrated in triterpenic acids in alterations related to hypertension in rats: Mechanisms involved
Authors: Valero‐Muñoz María , Martín‐Fernández Beatriz , Ballesteros Sandra , de la Fuente Esther , Quintela José Carlos , Lahera Vicente , de las Heras Natalia 
Published: September 2013

ScopeDespite the amount of information and research on the effects of virgin olive oil and its components in cardiovascular disease, little attention has been paid to the effects of pomace olive oil, an olive oil subproduct traditionally used in Spain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential effects of a pomace olive oil concentrated in triterpenic acids (POCTA) on blood pressure, cardiac hemodynamics, and functional and molecular vascular alterations associated with hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).Methods and resultsThe study showed that POCTA attenuated the increase of blood pressure in SHR. This effect was associated with an improvement in endothelium‐dependent relaxation, enhancement of vascular expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and reduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha, transforming growth factor beta, and collagen I. Furthermore, POCTA improved cardiac hemodynamics (left ventricular systolic pressure and left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure) and decreased relative kidney and lung weights.ConclusionPOCTA exerts antihypertensive effects together with vascular and hypertension target organ protection in SHR. Since interest in pomace olive oil has been low, the results of this study contribute to increasing awareness of its biological and nutritional values.
Human cardiac 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7 tesla
Authors: Rodgers Christopher T. , Clarke William T. , Snyder Carl , Vaughan J. Thomas , Neubauer Stefan , Robson Matthew D. 
Published: September 2013

PurposePhosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P‐MRS) affords unique insight into cardiac energetics but has a low intrinsic signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) in humans. Theory predicts an increased 31P‐MRS SNR at 7T, offering exciting possibilities to better investigate cardiac metabolism. We therefore compare the performance of human cardiac 31P‐MRS at 7T to 3T, and measure T1s for 31P metabolites at 7T.MethodsMatched 31P‐MRS data were acquired at 3T and 7T, on nine normal volunteers. A novel Look‐Locker CSI acquisition and fitting approach was used to measure T1s on six normal volunteers.ResultsT1s in the heart at 7T were: phosphocreatine (PCr) 3.05 ± 0.41s, γ‐ATP 1.82 ± 0.09s, α‐ATP 1.39 ± 0.09s, β‐ATP 1.02 ± 0.17s and 2,3‐DPG (2,3‐diphosphoglycerate) 3.05 ± 0.41s (N = 6). In the field comparison (N = 9), PCr SNR increased 2.8× at 7T relative to 3T, the Cramer‐Ráo uncertainty (CRLB) in PCr concentration decreased 2.4×, the mean CRLB in PCr/ATP decreased 2.7× and the PCr/ATP SD decreased 2×.ConclusionCardiac 31P‐MRS at 7T has higher SNR and the spectra can be quantified more precisely than at 3T. Cardiac 31P T1s are shorter at 7T than at 3T. We predict that 7T will become the field strength of choice for cardiac 31P‐MRS. Magn Reson Med 72:304–315, 2014. © 2013 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society of Medicine in Resonance. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Urodynamic results, clinical efficacy, and complication rates of sacral intradural deafferentation and sacral anterior root stimulation in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction resulting from complete spinal cord injury
Authors: Krasmik D. , Krebs Jörg , van Ophoven Arndt , Pannek Jürgen 
Published: September 2013

AbstractAimsTo investigate the outcome and complications of sacral deafferentation (SDAF) and sacral anterior root stimulation (SARS) in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) resulting from complete spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsRetrospective chart analysis of 137 patients who underwent SDAF/SARS at a single institution. Patients were categorized as being at risk of renal damage when the maximum detrusor pressure was >40 cmH2O or detrusor compliance was <20 ml/cmH2O.ResultsAfter a mean follow‐up time of 14.8 ± 5.3 years, SDAF/SARS treatment significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the number of patients suffering from elevated detrusor pressure from 65 to 2, and from low detrusor compliance from 62 to 13, respectively. Mean bladder capacity significantly (P < 0.001) improved from 272.4 ± 143.0 to 475.0 ± 82.7 ml. The mean number of symptomatic UTI also decreased significantly (P < 0.001) from 6.2 ± 4.5 to 2.5 ± 2.6 per year. The number of patients suffering from incontinence had significantly (P < 0.001) decreased from 70 to 44. At the last follow‐up visit, 107 (78.1%) patients were still using the stimulator. A total of 84 complications requiring surgical revision were observed. Defects of the stimulator cables or the receiver plate were the most common events (n = 38). The retrospective design pertains to the limitations of the study.ConclusionsSacral deafferentation and SARS are an effective treatment option for refractory NLUTD in patients with complete SCI, despite a substantial long‐term complication rate. Neurourol. Urodynam. 33:1202–1206, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Noninvasive fetal RHD genotyping by microfluidics digital PCR using maternal plasma from two alloimmunized women with the variant RHD(IVS3+1G>A) allele
Authors: Tsui Nancy B. Y. , Hyland Catherine A. , Gardener Glenn J. , Danon David , Fisk Nicholas M. , Millard Glenda , Flower Robert L. , Lo Y. M. Dennis 
Published: September 2013

What's already known about this topic?

Noninvasive prenatal RHD typing can be achieved by using cell‐free fetal DNA in the plasma of RhD‐negative mothers.
For RhD‐negative mothers carrying intact but dysfunctional RHD gene variants, the abundant maternal RHD sequences in maternal plasma could interfere with the fetal RHD allele detection.What does this study add?

Digital PCR provides a high analytical specificity to noninvasively determine the fetal inheritance of RHD allele in alloimmunized pregnancies involving maternal RHD variants.
Die Sache mit dem Dreh
Authors: Thaller Sigrid , Mathelitsch Leopold 
Published: September 2013

AbstractPerfekte Drehungen sind beim Geräteturnen, Trampolin‐ und Turmspringen ein Muss. Besonders interessant sind Scheindrehungen, für die fallende Katzen ein gutes Vorbild sind. Dabei bewegen sich Sportler mit einem Gesamtdrehimpuls Null durch die Luft. Durch bestimmte Bewegungen können sie trotzdem ihren Körper drehen. Aus physikalischer Sicht interessant ist zudem, dass Sportler sich bei Drehungen nicht in Inertialsystemen befinden. Es treten Scheinkräfte auf, die sie gezielt nutzen können, um Muskelkraft zu sparen.