bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Impact of NWP Model Background on Very High–Resolution Analyses in Complex Terrain
Authors: Kann Alexander , Wittmann Christoph , Bica Benedikt , Wastl Clemens 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The capability to accurately analyze the spatial distribution of temperature and wind at very high spatial (2.5–1 km) and temporal (60–5 min) resolutions is of interest in many modern techniques (e.g., nowcasting and statistical downscaling). In addition to observational data, the generation of such analyses requires background information to adequately resolve nonstatic, small-scale phenomena. Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are of continuously increasing skill and are more capable of providing valuable information on convection-resolving scales. The present paper discusses the impact of two operational NWP models on hourly 2-m temperature and 10-m wind analyses as created by the Integrated Nowcasting through Comprehensive Analysis (INCA) system, which includes a topographic downscaling procedure. The NWP models used for this study are a revised version of ARPEGE–ALADIN (ALARO; 4.8-km resolution) and the Applications of Research to Operations at Mesoscale (AROME; 2.5-km resolution). Based on a case study and a longer-term validation, it is shown that, generally, the finer the grid spacing of the background model and the higher the resolution of the target grid in the downscaling procedure, the slightly more accurate is the analysis. This is especially true for wind analyses in mountainous regions, where a realistic simulation of topographic effects is crucial. In the case of 2-m temperature, the impact is less pronounced, but the topographic downscaling at very high resolution at least adds detail in complex terrain. However, in the vicinity of station observations, the analysis algorithm is capable of spatially adjusting the larger biases found in the ALARO model while having a lesser effect on the downscaled AROME model.
Outcomes and complications after percutaneous release for trigger digits in diabetic and non-diabetic patients
Authors: Huang H.-K. , Wang J.-P. , Wang S.-T. , Liu Y.-A. , Huang Y.-C. , Liu C.-L. 
Published: June 2015

We compared the short-term (3 months) and long-term (2 years) outcomes and complications of percutaneous release of 187 trigger digits of 154 patients treated between 2009 and 2012, all treated by a single surgeon. The 154 patients included 48 patients with diabetes mellitus and 106 non-diabetic patients. The only short-term complication was pain, occurring in three digits (5%) in the diabetic patients and six digits (5%) in the non-diabetic patients. The long-term complications were pain in 15 digits (25%) in the diabetic patients and 18 digits (14%) in the non-diabetic patients. This was not significant ( p = 0.058). Recurrent triggering occurred in nine digits (15%) in the diabetic patients, which was significantly greater than the six digits (5%) in the non-diabetic patients ( p = 0.013). The non-diabetic patients were significantly more satisfied. Level of Evidence: level III
Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Accuracy on Clinicians’ Retrospective Decision Making in Diabetes
Authors: Mahmoudi Zeinab , Johansen Mette Dencker , Nørgaard Hanne Holdflod , Andersen Steen , Pedersen-Bjergaard Ulrik , Tarnow Lise , Christiansen Jens Sandahl , Hejlesen Ole 
Published: June 2015

Background: The use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in clinical decision making in diabetes could be limited by the inaccuracy of CGM data when compared to plasma glucose measurements. The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of CGM numerical accuracy on the precision of diabetes treatment adjustments. Method: CGM profiles with maximum 5-day duration from 12 patients with type 1 diabetes treated with a basal-bolus insulin regimen were processed by 2 CGM algorithms, with the accuracy of algorithm 2 being higher than the accuracy of algorithm 1, using the median absolute relative difference (MARD) as the measure of accuracy. During 2 separate and similar occasions over a 1-month interval, 3 clinicians reviewed the processed CGM profiles, and adjusted the dose level of basal and prandial insulin. The precision of the dosage adjustments were defined in terms of the interclinician agreement and the intraclinician reproducibility of the decisions. The Cohen’s kappa coefficient was used to assess the precision of the decisions. The study was based on retrospective and blind CGM data. Results: For the interclinician agreement, in the first occasion, the kappa of algorithm 1 was .32, and that of algorithm 2 was .36. For the interclinician agreement, in the second occasion, the kappas of algorithms 1 and 2 were .17 and .22, respectively. For the intraclinician reproducibility of the decisions, the kappas of algorithm 1 were .35, .22, and .80 and the kappas of algorithm 2 were .44, .52, and .32, for the 3 clinicians, respectively. For the interclinician agreement, the relative kappa change from algorithm 1 to algorithm 2 was 86.06%, and for the intraclinician reproducibility, the relative kappa change from algorithm 1 to algorithm 2 was 53.99%. Conclusions: Results indicated that the accuracy of CGM algorithms might potentially affect the precision of the CGM-based insulin adjustments for type 1 diabetes patients. However, a larger study with several clinical centers, with higher number of clinicians and patients is required to validate the impact of CGM accuracy on decisions precision.
Horizontal RNA transfer mediates platelet-induced hepatocyte proliferation
Authors: Kirschbaum Marc , Karimian Golnar , Adelmeijer Jelle , Giepmans Ben N. G. , Porte Robert J. , Lisman Ton 
Published: June 2015

Key Points
Platelets stimulate proliferation of HepG2 cells, which requires uptake of platelets by the HepG2 cell. Platelets stimulate HepG2 cell proliferation in part by transfer of RNA from the anucleate platelet to the nucleated HepG2 cell.
A T-cell–directed chimeric antigen receptor for the selective treatment of T-cell malignancies
Authors: Mamonkin Maksim , Rouce Rayne H. , Tashiro Haruko , Brenner Malcolm K. 
Published: June 2015

Key PointsT cells transduced with a CD5 CAR demonstrate limited and transient fratricide and expand ex vivo. CD5 CAR T cells eliminate T-ALL blasts in vitro and control disease progression in xenograft T-ALL mouse models.
Applicability of standard Euler deconvolution, modeling, and amplitude magnetic data inversion in Greenfield programs: The Leite target case study, Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil
Authors: de Souza João Paulo Gomes , Leão-Santos Marcelo Henrique , de Oliveira Freitas Cantidiano , Matos Fernando Martins Vieira , de Carvalho Diogo Luiz Orphão 
Published: June 2015

The Leite target is located in Carajás Mineral Province and has a magnetic anomaly with 140 nT of amplitude, elongated in the northwest–southeast direction. Four exploratory drillholes were performed to test the magnetic anomaly. The test showed that the source of the anomaly is a narrow magnetite hydrothermal alteration zone bearing copper mineralization up to 2%. In addition, geologic and geochemical data, magnetic susceptibility (MS) measurements were collected to identify the lithotypes with ferromagnetic minerals. We use three different techniques to estimate the depth and geometry of the magnetic source: standard Euler deconvolution, total field magnetic anomaly modeling, and magnetic amplitude inversion. When visualized in 3D, the depth of solutions from Euler deconvolution crossed the real magnetic layer with less inclination. The modeling, using the solutions from Euler deconvolution, was performed, and the magnetic anomaly produced by the body modeled achieved a low misfit. The body used in the forward modeling is geometrically similar to the geologic magnetic layer. The magnetic amplitude inversion successfully recovered the MS distribution. Finally, we carried out a borehole magnetic survey in two drillholes to validate the obtained models and investigate the magnetic source. This survey confirmed that the models were intercepted and the magnetic anomaly was associated, a hydrothermal alteration zone, with magnetite intercepted by drillholes. In this study, we demonstrated that the use of those techniques was effective in Greenfield exploration programs.
Modeling of Acute Medicamental Hepatitis in the Rats
Authors: Ермаков  , Ermakov V. , Антоненков  , Antonenkov Yu. , Косолапов  , Kosolapov Vladimir 
Published: June 2015

End of the twentieth and the beginning of the XXI century in Russia were characterized by profound political and socio-economic changes in all spheres of state and society. This is reflected in medicine, in the article on the basis of literature data and data reporting dental services in the Krasnodar Territory analyzed the state of dental care in this region of the Federation. It is shown that the study of preventive dentistry may complete scientific discovery. Number of people seeking dental care, especially through primary – health centers, and grows up to 25% of the total incidence. Even physicians dentists are among the patients, their colleagues, and the defeat of diseases of the oral cavity is close to 100% coverage among the population. Why it is so necessary preventive techniques presented in the article di-rection, contributing to the improvement of preventive measures.
Special role in the study of dental health plays information about dental education to the public, features of preventive dental techniques people of different ages. Health child and adolescent population is an integral part of public health, as by adding a set of attributes of individual health and integrating socio-economic features of a society, it takes on new features and quality. It is also important to have an idea about the features of the dental health of geriatric age, which constitute a large, all growing part of our population. Level of health of these groups in terms of dentistry not only illustrates the diversity of human exposure to natural, socio-economic and organizational health problems, but also indirectly reflects the health of the nation as a whole. Therefore, it is important to characterize the medical and social factors that influence the health, at least in a particular region of the Russian Federation.
A multicentre clinical evaluation of Cuticell Contact silicone wound contact layer in daily practice
Authors: Suess-Burghart Anja , Zomer Karin , Schwanke Dorte 
Published: June 2015

Objective To evaluate clinically the performance of Cuticell Contact, a silicone-based primary contact wound dressing. Background Primary contact dressings that allow removal of exudate while protecting the wound bed during dressing changes are a key tool in wound management. Silicone dressings are of particular interest owing to their excellent conformability, pain-free dressing changes, and low toxicity. Cuticell Contact is a silicone-based wound dressing thought to provide these desirable benefits. Method In this evaluation, 38 patients with 40 wounds of a variety of aetiologies and anatomical locations managed with Cuticell Contact and secondary dressings were observed in 8 centres across Germany and the Netherlands. The observation period ranged from 2–42 days (mean 21 days, median 18 days). At the end of the observation, Cuticell Contact was evaluated for permeability to exudate, nonadherence to the wound bed, pain at dressing change, and overall performance. The condition of the wound bed, wound surface area, and levels of exudate were recorded at baseline, at each dressing change, and at the end of the evaluation, along with the condition of the wound edge and peri-wound skin. Results Wounds managed with Cuticell Contact showed improvement in the wound bed as evidenced by an increase in wounds with complete granulation from 12.5% (n=40) to 26.5% (n=34), and wounds with partial or complete epithelialisation from 35% to 82.4%. Cuticell Contact was assessed at the end of the evaluation as nonadherent to the wound in 91.2% of cases (n=34), and 93.3% of dressing changes (n=104) were deemed pain free. Wound surface area decreased by a mean of 19.9%. Cuticell Contact was rated satisfactory for permeability to wound exudate in 82.4% of responses and overall satisfaction with the dressing performance was also 82.4%. Conclusion Cuticell Contact is a soft silicone dressing that is easy to use, efficacious in supporting wound healing through protecting the wound bed, and facilitates atraumatic dressing changes.
History of Northeastern US Maple Syrup Price Trends
Authors: McConnell T. Eric , Graham Gary W. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Average annual percentage rates of change (APR) in maple syrup prices (average gallon equivalent price in the United States) in seven northeastern United States and their aggregated region were determined for the years 1916 to 2012. The price trend lines were then compared on state-by-state and region-by-state bases. Maple syrup prices across all states and the region as a whole were increasing nominally at significant average annual rates. Nominal APRs ranged from 3.42 percent for Maine to 4.13 percent for New Hampshire, with the price in the combined region increasing at a rate of 3.96 percent annually. Real prices (discussed in 2012 constant dollars) were appreciating at significant annual rates in all areas except Maine. Real APRs ranged from 0.46 percent for Maine to 1.12 percent for New Hampshire, and the regional price was increasing at 0.95 percent annually. Whereas the region's all-time high price of $40.38 was obtained nominally in 2008, the real price actually reached its highest point in 1987 ($53.89). Two other real price peaks were observed regionally: 1947 ($41.17) and 1972 ($45.31). No differences in trend line intercepts and slopes were found across the region. Obtaining price information for any one location has historically provided producers and processors a reasonable expectation of market activities occurring in the greater region.
Preparation and characterization of nano NC/HMX composite particles
Authors: An Chongwei , Li Hequn , Yu Binshuo , Geng Xiaoheng , Wang Jingyu 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Nano nitrocellulose/cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (NC/HMX) composite particles were precipitated from their co-solutions by the spray drying method. The nano composite samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. Impact sensitivity and thermal decomposition properties of nano composites were also measured and analyzed. Results show that the product particles are close to spherical in shape and range from 0.5 μm to 5 μm in size. In the product particles, β-HMX particles with size ranging from 50 nm to 100 nm are uniformly and discretely dispersed in NC binders. The drop height of nano NC/HMX composite particles (66.1 cm) is more than triple as high as that of raw HMX (21.6 cm), exhibiting considerably low impact sensitivity. Moreover, nano composite particles are easier to decompose and decomposed more rapidly than do raw HMX under the thermal stimulus due to the lower peak temperature and activation energy and higher reaction rate. Therefore, nano composites are expected to be candidates filled in high burning rate propellants.
Transparent, high refractive index oxides: Control of the nanostructure of titanium hafnium oxide alloys by variation of the ion energy during reactive magnetron sputtering deposition
Authors: Díaz León Juan J. , Garrett Matthew P. , Fryauf David M. , Zhang Junce , Norris Kate J. , Prokes Sharka M. , Kobayashi Nobuhiko P. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTA range of optical and optoelectronic applications would benefit from high refractive index (n), dense and transparent films that guide, concentrate and couple light. However, materials with high n usually have a high optical extinction coefficient (κ) which keeps these materials from being suitable for optical components that require long optical paths. We studied titanium hafnium oxide alloy films to obtain high refractive index (n>2) with minimum optical extinction coefficients (κ < 10−5) over the visible and near IR spectrum (380-930 nm). Titanium hafnium oxide alloys were deposited using pulsed DC reactive magnetron sputtering with and without RF substrate bias on silicon dioxide. For a given deposition condition intended for a specific titanium/hafnium molar fraction ratio, the ion energy of deposition species was explicitly controlled by varying the RF substrate bias. Spectroscopic ellipsometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the films. It appears that applying RF substrate bias reduces the nanocrystalline size, changes the surface morphology and increases the refractive index while maintaining comparable titanium/hafnium cation molar fraction. Precise control of the nanostructure of ternary metal oxides can alter their macroscopic properties, resulting in improved optical films.
Formation, Optical Properties and Applications of Edge Gold-Coated Silver Nanoprisms
Authors: Shahjamali Mohammad M. , Salvador Michael , Zaraee Negin 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTA facile, high-yield synthesis of edge gold-coated silver nanoprisms (GSNPs) with a gold nanoframe as thin as 1.7 nm and their comprehensive characterizations by using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques is introduced. The GSNPs exhibit remarkably higher stability than silver nanoprisms (SNPs) and are therefore explored as effective optical antennae for light-harvesting applications. When embedded into a bulk heterojunctions film of P3HT:PCBM, plasmonic GSNPs with a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) around 500 nm can effectively act as optical antennae to enhance light harvesting in the active layer. As a result, we measured up to 7-fold enhancement in the polaron generation yield through photoinduced absorption spectroscopy. Owing to the high stability and strong field enhancement, the presented GSNPs feature great potential as plasmonic probes for photovoltaic applications and LSPR sensing.
Surprise Questions for Survival Prediction in Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hamano Jun , Morita Tatsuya , Inoue Satoshi , Ikenaga Masayuki , Matsumoto Yoshihisa , Sekine Ryuichi , Yamaguchi Takashi , Hirohashi Takeshi , Tajima Tsukasa , Tatara Ryohei , Watanabe Hiroaki , Otani Hiroyuki , Takigawa Chizuko , Matsuda Yoshinobu , Nagaoka Hiroka , Mori Masanori , Yamamoto Naoki , Shimizu Mie , Sasara Takeshi , Kinoshita Hiroya 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background.
Predicting the short-term survival in cancer patients is an important issue for patients, family, and oncologists. Although the prognostic accuracy of the surprise question has value in 1-year mortality for cancer patients, the prognostic value for short-term survival has not been formally assessed. The primary aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic value of the surprise question for 7-day and 30-day survival in patients with advanced cancer.

Patients and Methods.
The present multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted in Japan from September 2012 through April 2014, involving 16 palliative care units, 19 hospital-based palliative care teams, and 23 home-based palliative care services.

Results.
We recruited 2,425 patients and included 2,361 for analysis: 912 from hospital-based palliative care teams, 895 from hospital palliative care units, and 554 from home-based palliative care services. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the 7-day survival surprise question were 84.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 80.7%–88.0%), 68.0% (95% CI, 67.3%–68.5%), 30.3% (95% CI, 28.9%–31.5%), and 96.4% (95% CI, 95.5%–97.2%), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the 30-day surprise question were 95.6% (95% CI, 94.4%–96.6%), 37.0% (95% CI, 35.9%–37.9%), 57.6% (95% CI, 56.8%–58.2%), and 90.4% (95% CI, 87.7%–92.6%), respectively.

Conclusion.
Surprise questions are useful for screening patients for short survival. However, the high false-positive rates do not allow clinicians to provide definitive prognosis prediction.

Implications for Practice:
The findings of this study indicate that clinicians can screen patients for 7- or 30-day survival using surprise questions with 90% or more sensitivity. Clinicians cannot provide accurate prognosis estimation, and all patients will not always die within the defined periods. The screened patients can be regarded as the subjects to be prepared for approaching death, and proactive discussion would be useful for such patients.
Identification of Environmentally Stable Wild Soybean Genotypes with High Alpha‐Linolenic Acid Concentration
Authors: Chae Jong‐Hyun , Ha Bo‐Keun , Chung Gyuhwa , Park Ju‐Eun , Park Euiho , Ko Jong‐Min , Shannon J. Grover , Song Jong Tae , Lee Jeong‐Dong 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTIncreasing alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA) in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] seed oil is an important breeding goal in soybean because of its beneficial effects on human health. Seed oil of wild soybeans (G. soja Sieb. & Zucc.) generally has about twice the ALA concentration than seed oil from cultivated soybeans. Therefore, identification of wild soybean genotypes with high and stable ALA concentration over various growing conditions would be useful for breeding purposes. The objective of this study was to evaluate wild soybeans with high ALA for environmental stability. Fifteen wild soybean accessions with relatively high ALA concentrations (∼170 to 200 g kg−1) and three check cultivars were evaluated across seven growing environments to determine the stability of ALA concentration. The ALA concentration of the wild soybean genotypes ranged from 169 to 191 g kg−1 with an average of 181 g kg−1. Seed of wild soybean genotypes had more than twice the amount of ALA than seed of the two cultivated soybeans, Williams 82 (72 g kg−1) and Daewonkong (78 g kg−1). CW13755 (185 g kg−1) and CW13943 (191 g kg−1) were the most stable across seven environments among all wild soybean accessions tested followed by CW13944 (191 g kg−1) and CW01022 (169 g kg−1) compared with the three checks. In conclusion, these environmentally stable wild soybean accessions with elevated ALA should be excellent germplasm sources to improve the ALA concentration in soy oil and to study the mechanism of ALA accumulation in soybean.