bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end‐products in human peripheral neuropathies
Authors: Juranek Judyta K. , Kothary Pratik , Mehra Alka , Hays Arthur , Brannagan Thomas H. , Schmidt Ann Marie 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic neuropathy and idiopathic neuropathy are among the most prevalent neuropathies in human patients. The molecular mechanism underlying pathological changes observed in the affected nerve remains unclear but one candidate molecule, the receptor for advanced glycation end‐products (RAGE), has recently gained attention as a potential contributor to neuropathy. Our previous studies revealed that RAGE expression is higher in porcine and murine diabetic nerve, contributing to the inflammatory mechanisms leading to diabetic neuropathy. Here, for the first time, we focused on the expression of RAGE in human peripheral nerve.MethodsOur study utilized de‐identified human sural nerve surplus obtained from 5 non‐neuropathic patients (control group), 6 patients with long‐term mild‐to‐moderate diabetic neuropathy (diabetic group) and 5 patients with mild‐to‐moderate peripheral neuropathy of unknown etiology (idiopathic group). By using immunofluorescent staining and protein immunoblotting we studied the expression and colocalization patterns of RAGE and its ligands: carboxymethyllysine (CML), high mobility group box 1 (HMBG1) and mammalian Diaphanous 1 (mDia1) in control and neuropathic nerves.ResultsWe found that in a normal, healthy human nerve, RAGE is expressed in almost 30% of all nerve fibers and that number is higher in pathological states such as peripheral neuropathy. We established that the levels of RAGE and its pro‐inflammatory ligands, CML and HMBG1, are higher in both idiopathic and diabetic nerve, while the expression of the RAGE cytoplasmic domain‐binding partner, mDia1 is similar among control, diabetic, and idiopathic nerve. The highest number of double stained nerve fibers was noted for RAGE and CML: ~76% (control), ~91% (idiopathic) and ~82% (diabetic) respectively.ConclusionsOur data suggest roles for RAGE and its inflammatory ligands in human peripheral neuropathies and lay the foundation for further, more detailed and clinically oriented investigation involving these proteins and their roles in disorders of the human peripheral nerve.
Two intrauterine rescue transfusions in treatment of severe fetomaternal hemorrhage in the early third trimester
Authors: Stefanovic Vedran , Paavonen Jorma , Halmesmäki Erja , Luukkainen Päivi , Tikkanen Minna , Nuutila Mika , Poikkeus Piia 
Published: November 2013

Key Clinical MessageWhen massive fetomaternal hemorrhage is diagnosed in the early third trimester of pregnancy, serial fetal intravascular transfusion may be an alternative to immediate delivery.
Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes with Deoxyribose Substituents
Authors: Maity Ayan , Choi Jung‐Suk , Teets Thomas S. , Deligonul Nihal , Berdis Anthony J. , Gray Thomas G. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractFundamental study of enzymatic nucleoside transport suffers for lack of optical probes that can be tracked noninvasively. Nucleoside transporters are integral membrane glycoproteins that mediate the salvage of nucleosides and their passage across cell membranes. The substrate recognition site is the deoxyribose sugar, often with little distinction among nucleobases. Reported here are nucleoside analogues in which emissive, cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes are “clicked” to C‐1 of deoxyribose in place of canonical nucleobases. The resulting complexes show visible luminescence at room temperature and 77 K with microsecond‐length triplet lifetimes. A representative complex is crystallographically characterized. Transport and luminescence are demonstrated in cultured human carcinoma (KB3‐1) cells.
Reducing time‐to‐treatment in underserved Latinas with breast cancer: The Six Cities Study
Authors: Ramirez Amelie , Perez‐Stable Eliseo , Penedo Frank , Talavera Gregory , Carrillo J. Emilio , Fernández María , Holden Alan , Munoz Edgar , San Miguel Sandra , Gallion Kipling 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUNDThe interaction of clinical and patient‐level challenges following a breast cancer diagnosis can be a significant source of health care disparities. Failure to address specific cultural features that create or exacerbate barriers can lead to less‐than optimal navigation results, specifically in Hispanic/Latino women.METHODSTo address these disparities, the study leaders in San Antonio, Texas, and 5 other regional partners of the federally‐funded Redes En Acción: The National Latino Cancer Research Network developed a culturally‐tailored patient navigation intervention model for Latinas with breast cancer.RESULTSCompared with control patients, a higher percentage of navigated subjects initiated treatment within 30 days (69.0% versus 46.3%, P = .029) and 60 days (97.6% versus 73.1%, P = .001) following their cancer diagnosis. Time from cancer diagnosis to first treatment was lower in the navigated group (mean, 22.22 days; median, 23.00 days) than controls (mean, 48.30 days; median, 33.00 days). These results were independent of cancer stage at diagnosis and numerous characteristics of cancer clinics and individual participants.CONCLUSIONSSuccessful application of patient navigation increased the percentage of Latinas initiating breast cancer treatment within 30 and 60 days of diagnosis. This was achieved through navigator provision of services such as accompaniment to appointments, transportation arrangements, patient telephone support, patient‐family telephone support, Spanish‐English language translation, and assistance with insurance paperwork. Cancer 2014;120:752–760. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Phase 2 trial of aromatase inhibition with letrozole in patients with uterine leiomyosarcomas expressing estrogen and/or progesterone receptors
Authors: George Suzanne , Feng Yang , Manola Judith , Nucci Marisa R. , Butrynski James E. , Morgan Jeffrey A. , Ramaiya Nikhil , Quek Richard , Penson Richard T. , Wagner Andrew J. , Harmon David , Demetri George D. , Krasner Carolyn 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUNDAdvanced uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS) is an incurable disease. A significant percentage of cases of ULMS express estrogen and/or progesterone receptors (ER and/or PR). To the authors' knowledge, the role of estrogen suppression in disease management is not known.METHODSThe authors performed a single‐arm phase 2 study of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole at a dose of 2.5 mg daily in patients with unresectable ULMS with ER and/or PR expression confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Tumor assessments were performed at baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and every 8 weeks thereafter. Toxicity was monitored throughout treatment. The primary endpoint was the progression‐free survival at 12 weeks.RESULTSA total of 27 patients was accrued, with a median of 2 prior treatment regimens (range, 0‐9 treatment regimens). The median duration of protocol treatment was 2.2 months (range, 0.4 months‐9.9 months). The 12‐week progression‐free survival rate was 50% (90% confidence interval, 30%‐67%). The best response was stable disease in 14 patients (54%; 90% CI, 36%‐71%). Three patients, all of whom had tumors expressing ER and PR in > 90% of tumor cells, continued to receive letrozole for > 24 weeks. The most common reason for treatment discontinuation was disease progression (85%). Letrozole was found to be well tolerated.CONCLUSIONSLetrozole met protocol‐defined criteria as an agent with activity in patients with advanced ULMS. Patients with the longest progression‐free survival rate were those whose tumors strongly and diffusely expressed ER and PR. Cancer 2014;120:738–743. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma and pleomorphic liposarcoma
Authors: Mariño‐Enríquez Adrián , Hornick Jason L. , Dal Cin Paola , Cibas Edmund S. , Qian Xiaohua 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUNDDedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) and pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLPS) are distinct high‐grade liposarcomas. DDLPS is a nonlipogenic sarcoma characterized by amplification of MDM2 and CDK4. PLPS is a high‐grade sarcoma containing lipoblasts, characterized by a complex karyotype and a more aggressive clinical course. Rarely, DDLPS shows lipogenic differentiation, mimicking PLPS. The cytomorphologic features of DDLPS and PLPS and the utility of ancillary studies have not been systemically analyzed.METHODSCytologic preparations of 25 DDLPS and 13 PLPS, all histologically confirmed, were retrospectively reviewed along with clinical and cytogenetic data. Sample cellularity, vascular architecture, background material, predominant cell morphology, quality of the cytoplasm, and nuclear pleomorphism were compared for both tumor types. Immunohistochemistry for MDM2 and CDK4 was performed on cell blocks and/or core needle biopsies.RESULTSFine‐needle aspirate smears from both DDLPS and PLPS were variably cellular, composed of cellular clusters and noncohesive cells. Abundant myxoid stroma was present in ∼25% of DDLPS and PLPS cases, whereas branching curvilinear vessels were more common in DDLPS than in PLPS (7 of 25 versus 2 of 13). Tumors were composed of predominantly spindled (18 of 25 DDLPS versus 3 of 13 PLPS) or epithelioid cells (7 of 25 DDLPS versus 6 of 13 PLPS). Pleomorphic cells were predominant in 3 PLPS, and were frequent in both (13 of 25 DDLPS versus 10 of 13 PLPS). The cytoplasm was mostly fibrillary and often vacuolated in both entities. Other features included necrosis, mitoses, and a prominent inflammatory infiltrate. The main cytologic differences were the presence of marked pleomorphism, abundant lipoblasts, and cells with microvacuolated cytoplasm in most PLPS. A total of 24 (96%) and 20 (80%) cases of DDLPS expressed MDM2 and CDK4, respectively, whereas none of the PLPS expressed both markers. Six DDLPS tested showed ring or giant marker chromosomes and/or MDM2 amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization; 2 PLPS had complex karyotypes.CONCLUSIONSDDLPS and PLPS exhibit variable and occasionally overlapping cytologic features. The presence of lipoblasts, cells with microvacuolated cytoplasm, and marked pleomorphism are more suggestive of PLPS, but these characteristics can be present in DDLPS. Coexpression of MDM2 and CDK4 distinguishes DDLPS from PLPS. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:128–37. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
AMP‐activated protein kinase mediates activity‐dependent axon branching by recruiting mitochondria to axon
Authors: Tao Kentaro , Matsuki Norio , Koyama Ryuta 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTDuring development, axons are guided to their target areas and provide local branching. Spatiotemporal regulation of axon branching is crucial for the establishment of functional connections between appropriate pre‐ and postsynaptic neurons. Common understanding has been that neuronal activity contributes to the proper axon branching; however, intracellular mechanisms that underlie activity‐dependent axon branching remain elusive. Here, we show, using primary cultures of the dentate granule cells, that neuronal depolarization‐induced rebalance of mitochondrial motility between anterograde versus retrograde transport underlies the proper formation of axonal branches. We found that the depolarization‐induced branch formation was blocked by the uncoupler p‐trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone, which suggests that mitochondria‐derived ATP mediates the observed phenomena. Real‐time analysis of mitochondrial movement defined the molecular mechanisms by showing that the pharmacological activation of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) after depolarization increased anterograde transport of mitochondria into axons. Simultaneous imaging of axonal morphology and mitochondrial distribution revealed that mitochondrial localization preceded the emergence of axonal branches. Moreover, the higher probability of mitochondrial localization was correlated with the longer lifetime of axon branches. We qualitatively confirmed that neuronal ATP levels decreased immediately after depolarization and found that the phosphorylated form of AMPK was increased. Thus, this study identifies a novel role for AMPK in the transport of axonal mitochondria that underlie the neuronal activity‐dependent formation of axon branches. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 557–573, 2014
Synthesis and Characterization of the First Tetracyanamidogallate
Authors: Kalmutzki Markus , Ströbele Markus , Kroeker Scott , Wren John E. C. , Meyer H. Jürgen 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA tetracyanamidogallate with the formula LiSr2[Ga(CN2)4] was prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of SrF2, GaF3, and Li2(CN2) in a fused silica tube. The formation of LiSr2[Ga(CN2)4] by solid‐state metathesis was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. A crystalline powder of LiSr2[Ga(CN2)4] was studied by X‐ray powder diffraction, and powder patterns were indexed isotypically to LiSr2[Al(CN2)4]. The crystal structure of LiSr2[Ga(CN2)4] was refined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, thus indicating a disorder of Li+ and Ga3+ ions that was investigated by the means of 71Ga solid‐state magic‐angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopic measurements and DFT calculations.
Axonal hyperexcitability after combined NGF sensitization and UV‐B inflammation in humans
Authors: Rukwied R. , Weinkauf B. , Main M. , Obreja O. , Schmelz M. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundBoth nerve growth factor (NGF) and ultraviolet‐B (UV‐B) irradiation sensitize nociceptive nerve endings and increase axonal excitability of nociceptors. Combining NGF and UV‐B treatment is supra‐additive for sensory sensitization and even caused spontaneous pain in about 70% of the subjects.MethodsUV‐B irradiation was performed at day 21 after intradermal NGF injection in 13 volunteers. Pain thresholds, electrically induced axon reflex erythema and pain (1.5‐fold pain threshold, 5–100 Hz) was analysed at days 22, 24, 28, 35, 49 and 70 and correlated to hyperalgesia and spontaneous pain.ResultsElectrical pain threshold after combined NGF/UVB was reduced below single treatment at 24 h but not at 72 h post‐UV‐B irradiation. At the NGF/UV‐B site, electrical pain was enhanced at all frequencies compared with single NGF and UV‐B sites at 24 and 72 h with pain ratings exceeding control values about twofold to threefold [65 ± 7 vs. 25 ± 8 visual analogue scale (VAS) (24 h) and 55 ± 9 vs. 22 ± 5 VAS (72 h)]. Hyperalgesia to electrical stimulation correlated with hyperalgesia to pinprick (Spearman r = 0.44; p < 0.001, Bonferroni corr.) and supra‐threshold heat (Spearman r = 0.55; p < 0.001) stimulation at 24 h only. Electrical pain thresholds at the NGF/UV‐B site weakly correlated to spontaneous pain levels (Spearman r = 0.3; p = 0.025, without Bonferroni correction). In contrast, electrically induced pain or axon reflex erythema did not correlate to spontaneous pain levels.ConclusionsThe combination of NGF and UV‐B increases axonal excitability that contributes to hyperalgesia and might also facilitate ongoing spontaneous pain.
Deltamethrin induced an apoptogenic signalling pathway in murine thymocytes : exploring the molecular mechanism
Authors: Kumar Anoop , Sasmal D. , Sharma Neelima 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTDeltamethrin (DLM) is a well‐known pyrethroid insecticide; however, the immunotoxic effects of DLM on the mammalian system and its mechanism is still unclear. This study has been designed to first observe the binding affinity of DLM to immune cell receptors and its effects on the immune system. The docking score revealed that DLM has a strong binding affinity towards the CD4 and CD8 receptors. DLM induces apoptosis in murine thymocytes in a concentration‐dependent manner. The ear\ly markers of apoptosis such as enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase‐3 activation are evident as early as 1 h by 25 and 50 μM DLM. Glutathione (GSH) depletion has also been observed at 1 h by 50 μM DLM concentration. In cell‐cycle studies using flow cytometry, the fraction of hypodiploid cells has gradually increased with all the concentrations of DLM at 18 h. The Annexin V binding assay measures the effect of DLM on apoptotic and necrotic cells. The apoptotic cells raised from 18.6% to 35.21% (10–50 μM DLM) at 18 h. N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) effectively reduced the percentage of apoptotic cells which is increased by DLM. In contrast, buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) caused an elevation in the percentage of apoptotic cells. These results demonstrate that caspase activation, ROS activation and GSH act as critical mediators in a DLM‐induced apoptogenic signalling pathway in murine thymocytes. In the presence of caspase inhibitor, the percentage of apoptotic cells is partially decreased. Thus, there may be the possibility of some other caspase‐independent pathways in DLM‐induced apoptosis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel back‐channel‐etch process flow based a‐IGZO TFTs for circuit and display applications on PEN foil
Authors: Nag Manoj , Rockele Maarten , Steudel Soeren , Chasin Adrian , Myny Kris , Bhoolokam Ajay , Willegems Myriam , Smout Steve , Vicca Peter , Ameys Marc , Ke Tung Huei , Schols Sarah , Genoe Jan , van der Steen Jan‐Laurens P. J. , Groeseneken Guido , Heremans Paul 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this study, we report high‐quality amorphous indium–gallium–zinc‐oxide (a‐IGZO) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) fabricated on a polyethylene naphthalate foil using a new back‐channel‐etch (BCE) process flow. The BCE flow allows a better scalability of TFTs for high‐resolution backplanes and related circuits. The maximum processing temperature was limited to less than 165 °C in order to ensure good overlay accuracy (<1 µm) on foil. The presented process flow differs from the previously reported flow as we define the Mo source and drain contacts by dry etch prior to a‐IGZO patterning. The TFTs show good electrical performance, including field‐effect mobilities in the range of 15.0 cm2/(V·s), subthreshold slopes of 0.3 V/decade, and off‐currents <1.0 pA on foil. The threshold voltage shifts of the TFTs measured were less than 1.0 V after a stressing time of 104 s in both positive (+1.0 MV/cm) and negative (−1.0 MV/cm) bias directions. The applicability of this new BCE process flow is demonstrated in a 19‐stage ring oscillator, demonstrated to operate at a supply voltage of 10 V with a stage delay time of 1.35 µs, and in a TFT backplane driving a 32 × 32 active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode display.
pH‐Responsive Swelling of Poly(acrylic acid) Brushes Synthesized by the Grafting Onto Route
Authors: Sudre Guillaume , Hourdet Dominique , Creton Costantino , Cousin Fabrice , Tran Yvette 
Published: November 2013

The swelling of poly(acrylic acid) brushes in aqueous solutions is studied by neutron reflectivity. The brushes are synthesized on silicon wafers using a “grafting onto” approach and their stretching is investigated at various pH, grafting densities, and chain lengths. Neutron reflectivity provides the average thickness and, more interestingly, the density profile of the brushes. The profiles obtained experimentally are in good agreement with theory. The swelling ratio of the poly(acrylic acid) brushes is compared with that of other polymer brushes formerly investigated using classic scaling laws. Owing to a new representation with the normalized thickness, it is demonstrated that there is a general behavior for all polymer brushes with a master curve for neutral polymer brushes and for polyelectrolyte brushes.
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Drivers and motives for membership at the Southbank Centre, a mixed arts venue in London, UK
Authors: Slater Alix , Armstrong Kate 
Published: November 2013

The primary purpose of this study is to understand the drivers and motives for purchasing and retaining membership of the Southbank Centre (SBC), an internationally acclaimed mixed arts centre in London, UK. Data were collected using a qualitative approach, and members were recruited to one of five focus groups according to their past booking history: 1) contemporary bookers; 2) visual art bookers; 3) classical bookers; 4) non‐bookers; and 5) across art form bookers. The results suggest that individuals commit to membership with SBC primarily for pragmatic, overt motives that they evaluate the value of their membership on, such as hard copies of the programme in advance, being able to secure and book tickets before the general public and unlimited and flexible access to the Hayward Gallery. The transcripts did however reveal latent motives such as aesthetics, cultural enrichment and attachment to SBC as an institution prior to joining the membership scheme, without which, the pragmatic motives would not be acted upon. There was a small group of participants whose original pragmatic motives for becoming a member had shifted to emotional motives including prestige, a sense of belonging and altruism. Further research is required to find out if these motives cross art form, venue and geographical location.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validation of the Distress Thermometer worldwide: state of the science
Authors: Donovan Kristine A. , Grassi Luigi , McGinty Heather L. , Jacobsen Paul B. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe Distress Thermometer (DT) has been used in psycho‐oncology research across the globe and has been recommended as a clinical tool to be used routinely in cancer settings to detect clinically significant distress. We sought to characterize the translation and validation of the DT in cancer patients in different countries and cultures and summarize how the translated versions function to detect clinically significant distress.MethodsAn electronic mail survey was sent to the members of the International Psychosocial Oncology Society Federation of Psycho‐Oncology Societies and electronic searches of English language databases were conducted to identify translations of the DT and studies designed to validate these translations.ResultsOur efforts yielded a total of 21 non‐English translations of the DT; 18 of these were validated in studies designed for that purpose. A variety of instruments were used in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to derive an optimal cut‐off score indicative of clinically significant distress. Cut‐off scores varied by language, country, and clinical setting and to sample characteristics. In the majority of studies, a score of 4 maximized sensitivity and specificity relative to an established criterion.ConclusionsThese findings provide a broad, international perspective on the current state of psychosocial screening using the DT. Findings also demonstrate widespread awareness of the need for psychological and social support of persons diagnosed with and treated for cancer. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.