bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality Assessment of HF Radar–Derived Surface Currents Using Optimal Interpolation
Authors: Fang Ying-Chih , Weingartner Thomas J. , Potter Rachel A. , Winsor Peter R. , Statscewich Hank 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis study investigates the applicability of the optimal interpolation (OI) method proposed by Kim et al. for estimating ocean surface currents from high-frequency radar (HFR) in the northeastern Chukchi Sea, where HFR siting is dictated by power availability rather than optimal locations. Although the OI technique improves data coverage when compared to the conventional unweighted least squares fit (UWLS) method, biased solutions can emerge. The quality of the HFR velocity estimates derived by OI is controlled by three factors: 1) the number of available incorporating radials (AR), 2) the ratio of the incorporating radials from multiple contributing site locations [ratio of overlapping radial velocities (ROR) or radar geometry], and 3) the positive definiteness [condition number (CN)] of the correlation matrix. Operationally, ROR does not require knowledge of the angle covariance matrix used to compute the geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) in the UWLS method and can be computed before site selection to optimize coverage or after data processing to assess data quality when applying the OI method. The Kim et al. method is extended to examine sensitivities to data gaps in the radial distribution and the effects on OI estimates.
Assessing the effectiveness of a cancer screening test in the presence of another screening modality
Authors: Chubak Jessica , Hubbard Rebecca A , Johnson Eric , Kamineni Aruna , Rutter Carolyn M 
Published: December 2014

Objectives Analysis of cancer screening effectiveness is challenging in part because of competing tests, which are additional screening tests that identify the condition of interest. For example, studies investigating screening with faecal occult blood tests to prevent colorectal cancer mortality need to consider the occurrence of screening colonoscopy. This paper compares analytic approaches to accounting for competing tests in analyses of cancer screening data. Methods We used simulations to compare bias and efficiency across approaches in different scenarios, quantify bias, and make recommendations for analyzing the effectiveness of a screening test in the presence of competing tests. Results Under all scenarios, the best performing approach for accommodating competing screening tests was censoring at the time of the competing screening test (range in bias across scenarios: −7.6% to 1.6%). Bias from other approaches ranged from 23.9% to 652.1%. Conclusions Censoring at the competing screening exam is the recommended approach for studying cancer screening effectiveness in the presence of competing tests. Censoring avoids confounding by prior competing test results and selection bias resulting from analyzing data on participants after they received a competing screening exam. Results from this study are broadly applicable to screening studies for other conditions, including other types of cancer.
A questionnaire survey comparing the educational priorities of patients and medical students in the management of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Gibson Jeremy C , Fakis Apostolos , Phillips Margaret F , Pinnington Lorraine L 
Published: December 2014

Summary Objective To compare the educational priorities patients and students raise concerning the management of multiple sclerosis (MS). Design/setting A single-centre comparative questionnaire survey conducted in a foundation trust hospital which provides teaching for one UK medical school. Participants A total of 255 people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and 125 final year medical students attending a mandatory module were invited to participate. Main outcome measurements Questionnaires were developed and piloted for this study and analysed on the basis of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health terminology. Results Questionnaires were returned by 125 (50%) pwMS (age range 36–86 years; median 58) and 96 (77%) medical students (age range 22–37 years; median 23). The most commonly reported priority listed by people with MS and students concerned ‘environmental contextual factors’ (95.5% and 99%, respectively). PwMS focused primarily on the ‘social and attitudinal aspects’ of the environment (53.6%), while students expressed greater interest in the use of medications (91.7%) and investigations (14.6%) ( p < 0.001). People with greater psychological or physical impact of the condition were more likely to prioritise ‘health condition’ topics. Conclusions PwMS and medical students identify different topics when asked to list aspects of management of MS which they deem to be important for medical student teaching. These differences in educational priorities should be taken into consideration when teaching students about MS. The findings may also apply to other long-term neurological conditions and warrant further investigation.
Enhanced ethanol production and reduced glycerol formation in fps1∆ mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae engineered for improved redox balancing
Authors: Navarrete Clara , Nielsen Jens , Siewers Verena 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Ethanol is by volume the largest fermentation product. During ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae about 4-5% of the carbon source is lost to glycerol production. Different approaches have been proposed for improving the ethanol yield while reducing glycerol production. Here we studied the effect of reducing glycerol export/formation through deletion of the aquaglyceroporin gene FPS1 together with expressing gapN encoding NADP+-dependent non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Streptococcus mutans and overexpressing the ATP-NADH kinase gene UTR1 from S. cerevisiae. This strategy will allow reducing the redox balance problem observed when the glycerol pathway is blocked, and hereby improve ethanol production. We found that our strategy enabled increasing the ethanol yield by 4.6% in the case of the best producing strain, compared to the reference strain, without any major effect on the specific growth rate.
Performance evaluation of a scoria-compost biofilter treating xylene vapors
Authors: Amin Mohammad Mehdi , Rahimi Amir , Bina Bijan , Heidari Mohsen , Mohammadi Moghadam Fazel 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The removal of xylene vapors was studied in a biofilter packed with a new hybrid (scoria/compost) packing material at various inlet loads (IL) and empty bed residence times (EBRT) of 90, 60, and 40s. The best performance was observed for EBRT of 90s, where a removal efficiency of 98% was obtained under steady state condition for inlet xylene concentration of 1.34 g m−3, while a maximum elimination capacity of 97.5 g m−3 h−1 was observed for IL of 199.5 g m−3 h−1. Carbon dioxide production rates and the microbial counts for xylene-degraders followed xylene elimination capacities. Overall look to the results of this study indicates that the scoria/compost mixture could be considered as a potential biofilter carrier, with low pressure drop (here <4 mm H2O), to treat air streams containing VOCs.
AN MCNP PARAMETRIC STUDY OF GEORGE C. LAURENCE'S SUBCRITICAL PILE EXPERIMENT
Authors: Dranga Ruxandra , Blomeley Laura , Carrington Rebecca 
Published: December 2014

In the early 1940s at the National Research Council (NRC) Laboratories in Ottawa, Canada, Dr. George Laurence conducted several experiments to determine if a sustained nuclear fission chain reaction in a carbon–uranium arrangement (or “pile”) was possible. Although Dr. Laurence did not achieve criticality, these pioneering experiments marked a significant historical event in nuclear science, and they provided a valuable reference for subsequent experiments that led to the design of Canada’s first heavy-water reactors at the Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories. This paper summarizes the results of a recent collaborative project between Atomic Energy of Canada Limited and the Deep River Science Academy undertaken to numerically explore the experiments carried out at the NRC Laboratories by Dr. Laurence, while teaching high school students about nuclear science and technology. In this study, a modern Monte Carlo reactor physics code, MCNP6, was utilized to identify and study the key parameters impacting the subcritical pile’s neutron multiplication factor (e.g., moderation, geometry, material impurities) and quantify their effect on the extent of subcriticality. The findings presented constitute the first endeavour to model, using a current computational reactor physics tool, the seminal experiment that provided the foundation of Canada’s nuclear science and technology program.
Phosphoproteomic analyses reveal novel cross‐modulation mechanisms between two signaling pathways in yeast
Authors: Vaga Stefania , Bernardo‐Faura Marti , Cokelaer Thomas , Maiolica Alessio , Barnes Christopher A , Gillet Ludovic C , Hegemann Björn , van Drogen Frank , Sharifian Hoda , Klipp Edda , Peter Matthias , Saez‐Rodriguez Julio , Aebersold Ruedi 
Published: December 2014

AbstractCells respond to environmental stimuli via specialized signaling pathways. Concurrent stimuli trigger multiple pathways that integrate information, predominantly via protein phosphorylation. Budding yeast responds to NaCl and pheromone via two mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascades, the high osmolarity, and the mating pathways, respectively. To investigate signal integration between these pathways, we quantified the time‐resolved phosphorylation site dynamics after pathway co‐stimulation. Using shotgun mass spectrometry, we quantified 2,536 phosphopeptides across 36 conditions. Our data indicate that NaCl and pheromone affect phosphorylation events within both pathways, which thus affect each other at more levels than anticipated, allowing for information exchange and signal integration. We observed a pheromone‐induced down‐regulation of Hog1 phosphorylation due to Gpd1, Ste20, Ptp2, Pbs2, and Ptc1. Distinct Ste20 and Pbs2 phosphosites responded differently to the two stimuli, suggesting these proteins as key mediators of the information exchange. A set of logic models was then used to assess the role of measured phosphopeptides in the crosstalk. Our results show that the integration of the response to different stimuli requires complex interconnections between signaling pathways.
A Novel Method To Model Low-Salinity-Water Injection in Carbonate Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Al-Shalabi Emad W. , Sepehrnoori Kamy , Delshad Mojdeh , Pope Gary 
Published: December 2014

Summary
There are few low-salinity-water-injection (LSWI) models proposed for carbonate rocks, mainly because of incomplete understanding of complex chemical interactions of rock/oil/brine. This paper describes a new empirical method to model the LSWI effect on oil recovery from carbonate rocks, on the basis of the history matching and validation of recently published corefloods. In this model, the changes in the oil relative permeability curve and residual oil saturation as a result of the LSWI effect are considered. The water relative permeability parameters are assumed constant, which is a relatively fair assumption on the basis of history matching of coreflood data. The capillary pressure is neglected because we assumed several capillary pressure curves in our simulations in which it had a negligible effect on the history-match results. The proposed model is implemented in the UTCHEM simulator, which is a 3D multiphase flow, transport, and chemical-flooding simulator developed at The University of Texas at Austin (UTCHEM 2000), to match and predict the multiple cycles of low-salinity experiments. The screening criteria for using the proposed LSWI model are addressed in the paper. The developed model gives more insight into the oil-production potential of future waterflood projects with a modified water composition for injection.
The Significance of an Isolated Elevated TSH Level in a Depressed Patient: A Clinical Commentary
Authors: Joffe Russell T. , Sullivan Timothy B. 
Published: December 2014

Objective: To discuss the approach to the isolated finding of an elevated thyrotropin (TSH) level on routine biochemical screening of a depressed patient. Method: A focused literature review as well as discussion of published clinical guidelines and the formulation of a rational clinical approach. Results: Screening for thyroid dysfunction is part of the routine assessment of the depressed patient. It is not uncommon for such patients to have an isolated elevation of TSH levels with nor laboratory or clinical features of thyroid disease. There is often misunderstanding about how to deal with this isolated laboratory finding which can lead to unnecessary investigation and treatment. Conclusions: A rational approach to evaluation and management of an isolated elevated TSH level is suggested.
Performance of assays for testing antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in sera collected from swine farms in a region with an extreme virus heterogeneity
Authors: Karniychuk U Uladzimir , Nauwynck J Hans 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome is the most economically important viral disease in the swine industry worldwide. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strains are classified into two distinct genotypes, the European genotype and the North American genotype. The European PRRSV genotype has been divided into three subtypes: a pan-European subtype 1 and East European subtypes 2 and 3. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of commercial and homemade serological assays to test field sera from a geographical region with an extreme PRRSV heterogeneity. Belarus became the country of choice for sample collection because heterologous PRRSV strains of all known European subtypes circulate in this country. Sera from Belarusian swine farms were tested in immunoperoxidase monolayer assays based on pan-European subtype 1, East European subtype 3 and North American strains as antigens and commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (IDEXX and INGEZIM). The obtained results suggest that none of the serological tools for PRRSV diagnosis can guarantee a flawless detection of antibodies at the individual animal level. Considering heterogeneity of recently isolated European PRRSV strains the problem can be relevant in many countries.
Reparation of chondral defects in rabbits by autologous and allogenous chondrocytes seeded on collagen/hyaluronan scaffold or suspended in fibrin glue
Authors: Horňák Slavomír , Harvanová Denisa , Ledecký Valent , Hluchý Marian , Valenčáková-Agyagosová Alexandra , Amrichová Judita , Rosocha Ján , Vaško Gabriel , Švihla Róbert , Petrovič Vladimír 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The topic of the study was to verify in vivo survival of in vitro cultured autologous and allogenous chondrocytes suspended in a fibrin glue Beriplast® or seeded on Collagen type I-Hyaluronan (Col type I-HYA) scaffolds for the regeneration of articular cartilage defects in rabbits. The study was carried out on 15 domestic rabbits randomly assigned to five groups (n = 3 in each) with different treatments of artificially created chondral defects (ChD´s). These defects were made in a non-load-bearing area of medial condyle of the distal femur, and were treated as follows: 1st and 3rd group: the ChD´s were filled with autologous or allogenous chondrocytes seeded on Col type I-HYA scaffolds, respectively. The scaffolds were fixed to the ChD´s by fibrin glue Beriplast®; 2nd and 4th group: the ChD´s were filled with a suspension of autologous or allogenous chondrocytes in fibrin glue Beriplast®, respectively, and they were immediately covered by unseeded Col type I-HYA scaffolds; Control group: the ChD´s were left to heal spontaneously without any treatment. Macroscopical, histological and immunohistochemical analyses of the ChD´s were performed 12 months after the treatment. In all treated groups, the chondrocytes were capable to proliferate and produce the cartilage extracellular matrix, including proteoglycans and type II collagen, as compared to the control “untreated” group. On the other hand, the production of hyaline-like cartilage tissue confirmed that both therapeutic methods using autologous chondrocytes can be applied successfully for the treatment of chondral defects in rabbits.
A survey of deformed wing virus and acute bee paralysis virus in honey bee colonies from serbia using real-time RT-PCR
Authors: Simeunović Predrag , Stevanović Jevrosima , Vidanović Dejan , Nišavić Jakov , Radović Dejan , Stanišić Ljubodrag , Stanimirović Zoran 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In this study 55 honey bee colonies from different Serbian regions were monitored for the presence of Deformed Wing Virus (DWV) and Acute Bee Paralysis Virus (ABPV) using TaqMan-based real-time RT-PCR assay. The results revealed the presence of DWV in each sampling location, and ABPV in 10 out of 11 apiaries. High frequency of DWV (76.4%) and ABPV (61.8%) positive samples in asymptomatic colonies can be the consequence of inefficient and postponed Varroa treatment concerning the role of this mite in the transmission and activation of honey bee viruses. The real-time RTPCR technique described in this paper is proved to be the most reliable method for this kind of investigation.
Characteristics of coagulase positive staphylococci isolated from milk in cases of subclinical mastitis
Authors: Rajić Savić Nataša , Katić Vera , Velebit Branko 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Coagulase-positive staphylococci are the most common pathogen causing subclinical mastitis in cows. Their main characteristic is a high virulence which leads to chronic infection. A total of 213 isolates of coagulase-positive staphylococci were tested. The majority of isolates (58%) formed a gold pigment, then light gold (28%), white gold (8%), golden gray, creamy white and white (2%). The majority of isolated coagulase-positive staphylococci produce beta hemolysis on esculin blood agar (50%), alpha and beta hemolysis (36%), beta and delta hemolysis (8%), delta hemolysis (4%), and alpha hemolysis (2%). Biochemical and molecular identification was performed by APISTAPH and multiplex PCR method. The majority of isolates were identified as S. aureus (88%), S. chromogenes (4%), and 2% of the isolates were identified as S. lentus, S. sciuri, S. xylosus, S. intermedius by APISTAPH. Antimicrobial susceptibility to penicillin G, was found by the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method to be resistant (62.44%). For disc diffusion penicillin G sensitive isolates the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was established for MIC50 and MIC90 as 0.003 mg/ml and 2μg/ml, respectively. For disc diffusion penicillin G resistant isolates MIC50 and MIC90 was 1.0μg/ml and 16μg/ ml, respectively. The study of phenotypic resistance to methicillin, as recommended by CLSI, established resistance to oxacillin in 5.26% of the isolates, while no resistance was found to cefoxitine. None of the tested isolates have the mecA gene.
Relationships among pre-slaughter stress, rigor mortis, blood lactate, and meat and carcass quality in pigs
Authors: Dokmanović Marija , Baltić Ž. Milan , Marković Radmila , Bošković Marija , Lončina Jasna , Glamočlija Nataša , Đorđević Mirjana 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among pre-slaughter stress, rigor mortis, blood lactate, and meat and carcass quality in 100 pigs (cross between Naima sows and hybrids P-76 PenArLan boars). Before slaughter lairage time, handling and pig behavior were assessed for each animal. At exsanguination blood concentrations of lactate and cortisol were determined, while post-mortem were assessed: initial and ultimate pH value, temperature, drip, sensory and instrumental colour and marbling. On the carcasses the degree of rigor mortis and skin damage score were estimated, as well as carcass quality parameters. More developed (p<0.01) rigor mortis was observed after long lairage compared to short lairage. Higher intensity of rigor was found in pigs with higher blood lactate level (p<0.05) and with a greater thickness of subcutaneous fat tissue (p<0.05) and lower lean meat content (p<0.01). Higher blood lactate level was observed after long lairage compared to short (p<0.05) and after rough handling compared to gentle handling (p<0.01). In the group with blood lactate from 10 to 15 mmol/l meat temperature and skin blemishes score increased, while in the group with the highest blood lactate concentration (>15 mmol/l) initial pH decreased and L* value increased. These results suggest that in groups with higher blood lactate concentrations meat quality deteriorates.
Genetic Parameters for Somatic Cell Count, Logscc and Somatic Cell Score of Breeds: Improved Valachian, Tsigai, Lacaune and their Crosses/Genetski Parametri Za Broj Somatskih Ćelija, Logscc I Skor Somatskih Ćelija Kod Rasa: Poboljšana Vlaška, Cigaja, Lakon I Njihovih Meleza
Authors: Pavol Makovický , Peter Makovický , Melinda Nagy , Kvetoslava Rimárová , Jana Diabelková 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In the last few years there has been increasing emphasis on reducing milk somatic cell count to improve the milk quality in dairy ruminants. Genetic parameters for somatic cell count (SCC), LOGSCC and somatic cell score (SCS) were estimated. About 1193 measurements were included in the analysis for each character of 358 ewes of 9 genotypes. Nine breeds and genotypes were included in these experiments: purebred Improved Valachian (IV), Tsigai (T), Lacaune (LC) ewes, and IV and T crosses with a genetic portion of Lacaune and East Friesian (EF) - 25 %, 50 % and 75 %. Primary data were processed using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) methodology and the multi-trait animal model, using programs REMLF90 and VCE 4.0. Heritability coefficients for somatic cell count were low: h2=0.03, for LOGSCC h2= 0.08 and for somatic cell score h2=0.06. Somatic cell score can be considered for inclusion in a breeding program aimed at reducing somatic cell count and frequency of clinical mastitis in dairy sheep.
Limites de la sublimation dans des conditions extrêmes : La Maison de Nina de Richard Dembo
Authors: Gagnebin Murielle 
Published: December 2014

À la faveur d’un exemple cinématographique ( La Maison de Nina , 2004) de Richard Dembo, on interrogera les modes de sublimation dans des situations extrêmes, comme celle d’une « maison d’accueil » en France pendant et après la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Au cœur de situations aussi tragiques, peut-il y avoir encore des élans sublimatoires ? Ou la sublimation trouve-t-elle, là, ses propres limites ?
Frontières de la sublimation entre créativité et création
Authors: Castellano-Maury Eloísa 
Published: December 2014

Tout en faisant référence à des artistes (A. Daudet, C. Pozzi, F. Khalo, P. Klee, C. Angot, etc.) ayant pu exprimer par leurs œuvres les souffrances vécues dans leurs corps, l’article est centré sur le cas d’une patiente atteinte d’hypertension avec risque cardiaque majeur, victime dans l’enfance d’un viol incestueux. Le travail analytique, dont les principales étapes et enjeux sont décrits, a permis le réinvestissement d’activités et de réalisations sublimatoires longtemps gelées : écriture d’un journal, jeu théâtral et dessin.