bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovering spectral data of metallic paints at various observation angles by digital camera
Authors: Montazeri Mahshid , Shams Nateri Ali , Ansari Keivan 
Published: January 2014

Purpose– In this article, a simple system will be presented to measure reflectance of metallic surfaces quickly and precisely based on goniospectrophotometric geometry. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– This system works by capturing reflected light from different colored patches by digital camera and with the knowledge of spectral power distribution of light source and defined observer, reflection of each sample can be reproduced. By fixing the light source, the position of the detector would be eliminated to four angles of observation.Findings– This method can achieve acceptable reconstruction accuracy for metallic samples. This approach confirmed repeatability and practicality of the simple imaging acquisition to replace spectral reflectance measurement devices in different viewing angles.Originality/value– The reflectance of metallic samples has been measured at several angles such as 20°, 45°, 75° and 110° from specular reflection. A simple system was used to measure multi-angle reflectance of metallic surfaces by digital camera. By suggested system can be measured the reflectance without contact and limitation in the shape of surfaces. This method achieved acceptable reconstruction accuracy for metallic samples. This simple imaging acquisition is comparable with goniospectrophotometer for measuring multi-angle reflectance of metallic samples.
Fabrication and measurement of wireless pressure-sensitive micro-device based on high temperature co-fired ceramics technology
Authors: Zheng Shijun , Liang Ting , Hong Yinpin , Li Ying , Xiong Jijun 
Published: January 2014

Purpose– The paper aims to highlight a wireless pressure-sensitive micro-device with high pressure sensitivity and accuracy. It is based on the partially stabilized Zirconia (PSZ) ceramic material which is capable of excellent elasticity and robustness.Design/methodology/approach– The paper begins with a general introduction to the wireless interrogating method and then the fabrication processes of the device using high temperature co-fired ceramic (HTCC) technology are described in detail.Findings– A passive wireless micro-device made from a novel material-PSZ ceramic on pressure monitoring is fabricated and tested and the authors proved that the device possesses an advantages over some proposed wireless sensors on interrogating distance. The pressure sensitivity of the device is 336 kHz/bar at readout distance 2.5 cm and that is an excellent property.Originality/value– The paper shows a new design scheme for wireless pressure measurement. The future application of the wireless device indicates the problem on external packaging and wire connection could be avoided. The allowable interrogation distance between the device and readout circuit reaches 2.5 cm which is mentioned for the first time so far. The distance is long enough to insert a thermal insulation material which can protect the vulnerable readout circuit from harsh environment, so the research finding is meaningful for the modern measurement technology.
A differential probe design for large-range metal detector
Authors: Qiu Xu Feng , Xu Xianze , Li Zhongbing , Le Yi 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– The metal detector used as a wall scanner has become a kind of popular household instrument. It is important to possess the characteristics, including low-cost, reliability, easy repeatability and simple procedure in this device. The purpose of this paper is to found a model of differential probe applied to metal detector.

Design/methodology/approach
– The new model consists of an emitting coil and a differential receiving coil. The emitting coil uses winding inductance to produce a magnetic field and the receiving coil senses the change of magnetic flux. All turns of the receiving coil are designed in the same plane, so it can be fabricated with signal printed circuit board. The balance of differential probe is promised by the constraint relation of the parameters, including the radius and the turns of the receiving coil and the emitting coil. A novel fine adjustment has been proposed to offset the design error that can make the model more ideal.

Findings
– The differential probe can be produced easily and need not to be calibrated. In the design, the amplifier and the filter circuit is used for the output signal processing and the harmonic analysis based on Fourier transform is used to analyze the voltage signal in order to detect and distinguish the metallic object. The differential probe in the prototype, which area is π×352 (mm2), can detect the cylindrical metallic object including iron, and aluminum which thickness is 2 mm and radius is 30 mm in the distance of 120 mm.

Originality/value
– The model of differential probe proposed in the paper is feasible and effective to apply in the hand-held metal detector.
Frequency analysis of ultrasonic wave propagation on metal pipe in ultrasonic tomography system
Authors: Abbaszadeh Javad , Binti Abdul Rahim Herlina , Bin Abdul Rahim Ruzairi , Sarafi Sahar 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– Since the importance role of ultrasonic tomography (UT) in industry, especially in oil industry, to produce noninvasive and nondestructive plane images, research on UT system with a metal pipe conveyor is investigated. The produced cross-sectional images are used for detecting the concentration of solid and liquid mixture inside the pipe, noninvasively. In practice, due to application of metal pipes as the conveyor of oil mixture so the capability of manufacturing an UT system with a metal pipe is investigated in this paper. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Finite element software (COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5) for visualizing the structure of pipe with mounted sensors on the periphery of the pipe is used. The manner of ultrasonic wave propagation on different layers on various frequencies and finding the time of flight for transmission mode signal and lamb mode signal are achieved by the means of done simulations. Finding the proper ultrasonic sensor base on its efficiency is the main step of designing an UT system. This is done by estimating the resonance frequency of sensor due to the manner of ultrasonic wave propagation in different frequencies shown in simulation results.

Findings
– Due to simulation results, lamb wave is a permanent propagation mode of ultrasonic wave which makes interference in measuring process of straight path signal and it is impossible to remove. Relief of the mentioned problem finding an optimum frequency to decrease the affection of lamb wave in detecting point. Optimum frequency of ultrasonic wave to satisfy the objective is 45 kHz which is measured by considering of mathematic of ultrasonic wave propagation in different layers. The reaching time of straight path signal and lamb wave signal in opposite sensor as the receiver are 5.5 and 4.6 μs, respectively.

Originality/value
– This investigation is the first step to perform the UT in a noninvasive method to produce the cross-sectional images of metal pipe. Due to the wide application of metal pipes as the conveyor of the liquids/gases, metal pipe for the UT application is studied in this research.
The new method of initial calibration with the wheel force transducer
Authors: Wang Dong , Lin Guoyu , Zhang Wei-gong , Zhao Ning , Pang Han 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– One of the major shortcomings in the data process of the traditional wheel force transducers (WFTs) is the theoretical errors of initial value determination. A new method to identify the initial values of the WFT for the solution of this problem is proposed in this paper. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– With this method, the initial values can be obtained by equations which are established based on multiple stops on horizontal road.

Findings
– The calibration and contrast tests on the MTS calibration platform illustrate the better performance with the new method. Moreover, the real vehicle test confirms the effectiveness in practice.

Originality/value
– The test results show that the new method of initial calibration has an advanced performance compared to the traditional one. In addition, it is effective in the brake test with a real vehicle.
Implementing Web 2.0 tools in organisations: feasibility of a systematic approach
Authors: James Baxter Gavin , M. Connolly Thomas 
Published: January 2014

Purpose– The aim of this paper is to examine the subject area of implementing Web 2.0 tools in organisations to identify from the literature common issues that must be addressed to assist organisations in their approach towards introducing Web 2.0 tools in their workplace. Based on the findings of the literature a Web 2.0 tools implementation model is presented.Design/methodology/approach– A general scoping review of the literature will be conducted to identify potential issues that might impact on the implementation of Web 2.0 tools in organisations to provide an overview of examples of empirical evidence that exists in this subject area with a view to examining how to advance this particular field of research.Findings– The findings of the scoping literature review indicate that while certain conceptual models and frameworks exist on how to implement Web 2.0 tools in organisations there is a lack of evidence to suggest that they have been empirically tested. The paper also notes that though organisations are unique, based on the literature common features can be found regarding “best practice” on how to introduce Web 2.0 tools in organisations.Research limitations/implications– This paper does not present any findings based on an empirical study involving the implementation of Web 2.0 tools in organisations. The paper does however provide scope for both academic and management practitioners to adopt and test the models and frameworks identified in the literature review when implementing Web 2.0 tools in their organisations.Originality/value– The contribution to knowledge that this paper provides is that it reviews an area where there is a lack of empirical evidence, namely, in the approaches that organisations can adopt when implementing Web 2.0 tools. Based on the findings from the literature and through the creation of a Web 2.0 tools implementation model, this paper provides practical guidance to management practitioners who might find introducing Web 2.0 tools into the workplace a challenge.
Femoro‐Femoral Versus Atrio‐Aortic Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Selecting the Ideal Cannulation Technique
Authors: Saeed Diyar , Stosik Hanna , Islamovic Merima , Albert Alexander , Kamiya Hiroyuki , Maxhera Bujar , Lichtenberg Artur 
Published: January 2014

AbstractVeno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) may be implanted using peripheral ECMO (pECMO) or central ECMO (cECMO) cannulation techniques. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome between these two cannulation techniques. A retrospective study was performed at Düsseldorf University Hospital from October 2009 through June 2011. Inclusion criteria were patients with veno‐arterial ECMO support ≥24 h. Various pre‐ and postimplantation variables were investigated including postimplantation hemodynamic and ECMO parameters, oxygenation/ventilation parameters at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h, as well as renal and liver function tests at first and third postoperative days following implantation. Outcome data of patients receiving pECMO were compared with those who received cECMO. The inclusion criteria were met by 37 patients (25 pECMO and 12 cECMO). There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between these two groups except for younger age in pECMO patients (P = 0.005). All postimplantation variables were comparable between the two groups except for higher PO2 and lower PCO2 values at the 3rd hour postimplantation in patients with pECMO (P = 0.007 and 0.01, respectively). Eleven (44%) of the pECMO patients required re‐exploration for bleeding versus 100% of patients with cECMO (P = 0.01). Ischemic leg complication was observed in four pECMO and three cECMO patients. Thirty‐day mortality in patients with pECMO and cECMO was 60% versus 67%, respectively (P = 1.00). In this study, no particular oxygenation/ventilation, hemodymanic, or end‐organ function advantage was observed with either cannulation technique. However, more bleeding and resternotomy complications were observed in cECMO patients.
Clearance of Drugs for Multiple Myeloma Therapy During In Vitro High‐Cutoff Hemodialysis
Authors: Krieter Detlef H. , Devine Eric , Wanner Christoph , Storr Markus , Krause Bernd , Lemke Horst‐Dieter 
Published: January 2014

AbstractCurrent chemotherapy for multiple myeloma is based on bortezomib (BOR), dexamethasone (DEX), and thalidomide (THA). The purpose of the present study was to examine their clearance during high‐cutoff (HCO) hemodialysis and to accordingly apply the results to the dialytic removal of protein‐bound substances in general. During in vitro hemodialysis with human blood (blood, dialysate, and ultrafiltration flow rates 250, 500 and 5 mL/min, respectively) comparing a highly permeable HCO dialyzer (Theralite, 2.1 m2) to a high‐flux dialyzer (PFX; 2.1 m2), ultrafiltered volume was replaced by saline containing 30 g/L urea. After recirculation for equilibration, BOR was injected, and arterial and venous samples were drawn after 10, 11, and 12 min to measure the plasma clearance (K) of both urea and BOR. The same procedure was performed with THA and DEX. By mathematical simulation, the influence of varying plasma albumin concentrations (CHSA) on the protein‐bound drug fraction (PBF) and K was assessed. Plasma K values of HCO and PFX for THA, BOR, and DEX were about 40% (80 ± 7 vs. 65 ± 6 mL/min; P < 0.05), 70% (40 ± 8 vs. 33 ± 4 mL/min; P < 0.05), and 65% (47 ± 11 vs. 38 ± 7 mL/min; P < 0.05), respectively—lower (P < 0.0001) compared with urea (125 ± 7 vs. 122 ± 5 mL/min). K was highest (P < 0.0001) for THA. K was negatively correlated with CHSA (THA, r2 = 0.58, P < 0.001; BOR, r2 = 0.24, P < 0.05; DEX, r2 = 0.22, P < 0.05). CHSA continually decreased (P < 0.05) over time only with HCO, resulting in lower calculated PBF. Compared with BOR and DEX (minimum 72 and 56%, respectively), the PBF of THA (37%) was significantly lower (P < 0.001). A mathematical simulation based on the K values of urea and the drugs reliably estimated PBF (r2 = 0.886, P < 0.001). Drugs for multiple myeloma therapy are significantly removed with both HCO and PFX, with important implications for the dosing and timing of administration, particularly in patients with cast nephropathy receiving extended dialysis. If the Kurea of a dialyzer and the PBF of any given drug are known, Kdrug can be reliably estimated by mathematical simulation.
Pro‐inflammatory role of natural killer cells in the development of allergic airway disease
Authors: Mathias C. B. , Guernsey L. A. , Zammit D. , Brammer C. , Wu C. A. , Thrall R. S. , Aguila H. L. 
Published: January 2014

SummaryBackgroundNatural Killer (NK) cells have been implicated in the development of allergic airway inflammation. However, the in vivo role of NK cells has not been firmly established due to the lack of animal models with selective deficiencies in NK cells.ObjectiveTo determine the specific contribution of NK cells in a murine model of allergic airway disease (AAD).MethodsThe role of NK cells in AAD was studied using NK‐deficient (NKD) mice, perforin−/− mice, and mice depleted of Ly49A/D/G+ NK cell subsets in an ovalbumin‐induced model of allergic airway disease (OVA‐AAD).ResultsInduction of OVA‐AAD in C57BL/6 wild‐type (WT) mice resulted in the expansion of airway NK cells and the development of pronounced airway eosinophilia. In the absence of NK cells or specific subsets of NK cells, either in NKD mice, or after the depletion of Ly49A/D/G+ NK cells, the development of OVA‐AAD was significantly impaired as seen by decreased airway inflammation and eosinophilia, decreased secretion of the Th2 cytokines IL‐4, IL‐5 and IL‐13 and diminished OVA‐specific antibody production. Furthermore, while OVA‐exposure induced a dramatic expansion of dendritic cells (DCs) in WT mice, their induction was significantly attenuated in NKD mice. Development of OVA‐AAD in perforin−/− mice suggested that the proinflammatory role of NK cells is not dependent on perforin‐mediated cytotoxicity. Lastly, induction of allergic disease by OVA‐specific CD4 T cells from WT but not NK‐depleted or NKD mice in RAG−/− recipients, demonstrates that NK cells are essential for T cell priming.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceOur data demonstrate that conventional NK cells play an important and distinct role in the development of AAD. The presence of activated NK cells has been noted in patients with asthma. Understanding the mechanisms by which NK cells regulate allergic disease is therefore an important component of treatment approaches.
Sunitinib Produces Neuroprotective Effect Via Inhibiting Nitric Oxide Overproduction
Authors: Cui Wei , Zhang Zai‐Jun , Hu Sheng‐Quan , Mak Shing‐Hung , Xu Da‐Ping , Choi Chung‐Lit , Wang Yu‐Qiang , Tsim Wah‐Keung , Lee Ming‐Yuen , Rong Jian‐Hui , Han Yi‐Fan 
Published: January 2014

SummaryBackgroundSunitinib is an inhibitor of the multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) for cancer therapy. Some sunitinib analogues could prevent neuronal death induced by various neurotoxins. However, the neuroprotective effects of sunitinib have not been reported.MethodsCerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) and SH‐SY5Y cells were exposed to low‐potassium and MPP+ challenges, respectively. MTT assay, FDA/PI staining, Hoechst staining, DAF‐FM, colorimetric nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity assay, and Western blotting were applied to detect cell viability, NO production, NOS activity, and neuronal NOS (nNOS) expression. Short hairpin RNA was used to decrease nNOS expression. In vitro NOS enzyme activity assay was used to determine the direct inhibition of nNOS by sunitinib.ResultsSunitinib prevented low‐potassium‐induced neuronal apoptosis in CGNs and MPP+‐induced neuronal death in SH‐SY5Y cells. However, PTK787, another RTK inhibitor, failed to decrease neurotoxicity in the same models. Sunitinib reversed the increase in NO levels, NOS activity, and nNOS expression induced by low potassium or MPP+. Knockdown of nNOS expression partially abolished the neuroprotective effects of sunitinib. Moreover, sunitinib directly inhibited nNOS enzyme activity.ConclusionsSunitinib exerts its neuroprotective effects by inhibiting NO overproduction, possibly via the inhibition of nNOS activity and the decrease in nNOS expression.
S1 guideline diagnosis and therapy of cutaneous larva migrans (creeping disease)
Authors: Sunderkötter Cord , von Stebut Esther , Schöfer Helmut , Mempel Martin , Reinel Dieter , Wolf Gerd , Meyer Volker , Nast Alexander , Burchard Gerd‐Dieter 
Published: January 2014

Guideline objectivesThese guidelines aim to enhance patient care by optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of infections due to creeping disease (cutaneous larva migrans) and to raise awareness among doctors of current treatment options.MethodsS1 guideline, non‐systematic literature search, consensus process using a circular letter.
Ataxia rating scales are age‐dependent in healthy children
Authors: Brandsma Rick , Spits Anne H , Kuiper Marieke J , Lunsing Roelinka J , Burger Huibert , Kremer Hubertus P , Sival Deborah A ,   The Childhood Ataxia and Cerebellar Group
Published: January 2014

AimTo investigate ataxia rating scales in children for reliability and the effect of age and sex.MethodThree independent neuropaediatric observers cross‐sectionally scored a set of paediatric ataxia rating scales in a group of 52 healthy children (26 males, 26 females) aged 4 to 16 years (mean age 10y 5mo SD 3y 11mo). The investigated scales involved the commonly applied International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS), the Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), the Brief Ataxia Rating Scale (BARS), and PEG‐board tests. We investigated the interrelatedness between individual ataxia scales, the influence of age and sex, inter‐ and intra‐observer agreement, and test–retest reliability.ResultsSpearman's rank correlations revealed strong correlations between ICARS, SARA BARS, and PEG‐board test (all p<0.001). ICARS, SARA, BARS and PEG‐board test outcomes were age‐dependent until 12.5, 10, 11, and 11.5 years of age respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) varied between moderate and almost perfect (interobserver agreement: 0.85, 0.72, and 0.69; intraobserver agreement: 0.92, 0.94, and 0.70; and test–retest reliability: 0.95, 0.50, and 0.71; for ICARS, SARA, and BARS respectively). Interobserver variability decreased after the sixth year of life.InterpretationIn healthy children, ataxia rating scales are reliable, but should include age‐dependent interpretation in children up to 12 years of age. To enable longitudinal interpretation of quantitative ataxia rating scales in children, European paediatric normative values are necessary.
Inferior vena cava parameters predict re‐admission in ischaemic heart failure
Authors: Carbone Federico , Bovio Marta , Rosa Gian Marco , Ferrando Fabio , Scarrone Alberto , Murialdo Giovanni , Quercioli Alessandra , Vuilleumier Nicolas , Mach François , Viazzi Francesca , Montecucco Fabrizio 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical history of heart failure (HF) is usually characterized by frequent hospitalizations for decompensation. Therefore, several markers of subclinical hemodynamic congestion are under investigation for predicting early rehospitalization. In this field, the potential of ultrasound inferior vena cava (IVC) assessment has been recently investigated in HF but not yet assessed in the different aetiological categories.Material and methodsForty‐eight patients admitted for decompensated HF (n = 25 with ischaemic heart disease [IHD] and n = 23 non‐IHD) underwent biochemical examination (including NT‐proBNP), echocardiography and IVC assessment by hand‐carried ultrasound (HCU). During 60‐day follow‐up after discharge, the re‐hospitalization rate for HF was recorded to investigate the predictive power of NT‐proBNP and IVC assessment among the two study groups.ResultsIHD and non‐IHD patients with HF were similar except for gender distribution. During follow‐up, 16·7% of patients were rehospitalized for decompensated HF, with higher prevalence in IHD group (28% vs. 4·3% P = 0·031). IVC assessment at discharge significantly predicted re‐admission in the overall population and in IHD group, whereas NT‐proBNP failed to predict rehospitalization in IHD group. In adjusted hazard ratio, only IVC min and the changes of IVC from admission significantly predicted re‐admission. ROC analysis confirmed the change in IVC min as the best predictor of rehospitalization in patients with IHD.ConclusionThis pilot study showed a higher early re‐admission rate in patients with HF due to IHD. In addition, the change in IVC min diameter from admission to discharge was the best predictor of re‐admission in patients with IHD.