bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pharmacy asthma service achieves a change in patient responses from increased awareness to taking responsibility for their asthma
Authors: Naik-Panvelkar Pradnya , Saini Bandana , LeMay Kate S , Emmerton Lynne M , Stewart Kay , Burton Deborah L , Bosnic-Anticevich Sinthia Z , Krass Ines , Smith Lorraine D , Armour Carol L 
Published: July 2014

Abstract

Objectives
If novel health services are to be implemented and sustained in practice, the perceptions and views of patients form a critical part of their evaluation. The aims of this study were to explore patient’s perceptions and experiences with a pharmacy asthma service and to investigate if there was a change over time.

Methods
Interviews and focus groups were conducted with patients participating in the asthma service at three time points. Data were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed using a framework approach.

Key findings
The service led to an enhanced awareness and understanding of asthma, changes in participants’ beliefs and attitudes towards asthma management, changes in asthma-related health behaviours and improved self-efficacy. Participants were very positive about the service and the role of the pharmacist in asthma management. There was a shift in participant perceptions and views, from being at an abstract level in those who had completed just one visit of the service to a more experiential level in those who had experienced the entire comprehensive asthma service.

Conclusions
A sustained experience/multiple visits in a service may lead to more concrete changes in patient perceptions of severity, beliefs, health behaviours and enhanced self-efficacy and control. The study highlights a need for such asthma services in the community.
Homeodomain‐interacting protein kinase (Hipk) phosphorylates the small SPOC family protein Spenito
Authors: Dewald D. N. , Steinmetz E. L. , Walldorf U. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe Drosophila homeodomain‐interacting protein kinase (Hipk) is a versatile regulator involved in a variety of pathways, such as Notch and Wingless signalling, thereby acting in processes including the promotion of eye development or control of cell numbers in the nervous system. In vertebrates, extensive studies have related its homologue HIPK2 to important roles in the control of p53‐mediated apoptosis and tumour suppression. Spenito (Nito) belongs to the group of small SPOC family proteins and has a role, amongst others, as a regulator of Wingless signalling downstream of Armadillo. In the present study, we show that both proteins have an enzyme–substrate relationship, adding a new interesting component to the broad range of Hipk interactions, and we map several phosphorylation sites of Nito. Furthermore, we were able to define a preliminary consensus motif for Hipk target sites, which will simplify the identification of new substrates of this kinase.
Rhabdomyolysis in association with simvastatin and dosage increment in clarithromycin
Authors: Page S. R. , Yee K. C. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractClarithromycin is the most documented cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitor to cause an adverse interaction with simvastatin. This particular case is of interest as rhabdomyolysis only occurred after an increase in the dose of clarithromycin. The patient developed raised cardiac biomarkers without any obvious cardiac issues, a phenomenon that has been linked to rhabdomyolysis previously. To date, there has been no reported effect of rhabdomyolysis on the structure and function of cardiac muscle. Clinicians need to be aware of prescribing concomitant medications that increase the risk of myopathy or inhibit the CYP3A4 enzyme. Our case suggests that troponin elevation could be associated with statin induced rhabdomyolysis, which may warrant further studies.
Novel finding of carbamazepine induced gall bladder granulomatous vasculitis
Authors: Haddad R. , O'Brien B. , Evans J. , Orr C. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe report a 63‐year‐old male patient who presented with eosinophilic granulomatous vasculitis of the gall bladder secondary to carbamazepine drug therapy. Following commencement of carbamazepine for treatment of partial seizures, the patient developed an allergic cutaneous drug rash. He continued to take carbamazepine postdischarge despite cessation by the treating team. He represented 7 weeks later with acute pancreatitis and cholecystis. Gall bladder histopathology showed a granulomatous vasculitis.
Salt Preferences of Normotensive and Hypertensive Older Individuals
Authors: Villela Patrícia Teixeira Meirelles , de‐Oliveira Eduardo Borges , Villela Paula Teixeira Meirelles , Bonardi José Maria Thiago , Bertani Rodrigo Fenner , Moriguti Júlio Cesar , Ferriolli Eduardo , Lima Nereida Kilza da Costa 
Published: July 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the preference for salt in hypertensive and normotensive older individuals. Hypertensive (group 1: n=32, aged 73.7±6.3 years) or normotensive patients (group 2: n=26, aged 71.5±8.0 years) were submitted to a test to determine their preference for bread samples with different salt concentrations: 1.5%, 2.0% (usual concentration), and 2.7%, and were reevaluated 2 weeks later using the same salt concentrations, but with the addition of oregano. Twenty‐four–hour urinary sodium excretion (UNaV), blood pressure (BP), and body mass index (BMI) were obtained. Systolic BP, BMI, and UNaV were higher in group 1. In the first analysis, group 1 showed greater preference for the saltiest sample (P=.001). Comparing the first evaluation and the second, a greater preference for less salty samples was observed in both groups (P<.01). Hypertensive older patients consumed more salt and showed a greater salt preference than the normotensive patients. The use of the spice reduced the preference for salt in both groups.
Commentary: The strength of multivariate twin studies: testing for shared and distinctive aetiology among different sets of behavioural traits – reflections on Lewis et al. (2014)
Authors: Boomsma Dorret I. 
Published: July 2014

This contribution discusses the article by Lewis et al. on the relationship between variation in normal personality and adolescent behavioural problems and puts the study into the perspective of the value of twin studies of multivariate behavioural traits, which enable the analyses of genetic pleiotropy and causality.
Micro‐evolution of the hepatitis B virus genome in hepatitis B e‐antigen‐positive carriers: Comparison of genotypes B and C at various immune stages
Authors: Liu Chun‐Jen , Chen Ting‐Chih , Chen Pei‐Jer , Wang Hurng‐Yi , Tseng Tai‐Chung , Cheng Huei‐Ru , Liu Chen‐Hua , Chen Ding‐Shinn , Kao Jia‐Horng 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackground and AimPatients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype B infection experience hepatitis B e‐antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion at an earlier stage than do patients with genotype C infection. Therefore, this study investigated whether the differential phenotypes are related to HBV genomic evolution.MethodsThirty‐three HBeAg‐positive patients with a mean follow‐up of 3.1 years were enrolled: 16 at the immune tolerance stage (group I) and 17 at the immune clearance stage (group II). The evolution rates of paired viral genomes at enrollment and at the final follow‐up in the full‐length genome (μf), nonoverlapping regions (synonymous [μs] and nonsynonymous [μa]), and overlapping regions (μ) were calculated. The evolution rates were then compared according to serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and HBV genotype.ResultsThe overall μf evolution rate was lower in group I than in group II (1.4 × 10−5 ± 3.3 × 10−5 vs 1.2 × 10−3 ± 1.2 × 10−3 nucleotide substitution/site/year, P < 0.001). We observed similar results for the μs, μa, and μ evolution rates. All evolution parameters were comparable between genotypes B and C. We determined a positive correlation between μa/y and the area under the average ALT time curve in genotype B (R2 = 0.6935, P < 0.0001), but not in genotype C (R2 = 0.1606, P = 0.124).ConclusionThe evolution rate of the HBV genome is higher at the immune clearance stage than at the immune tolerance stage. Host immune selection might play a role in triggering evolution of genotype B.
PNPLA3 gene polymorphism and response to lifestyle modification in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Shen Jiayun , Wong Grace Lai‐Hung , Chan Henry Lik‐Yuen , Chan Ruth Suk‐Mei , Chan Hoi‐Yun , Chu Winnie Chiu‐Wing , Cheung Bernice Ho‐Ki , Yeung David Ka‐Wai , Li Liz Sin , Sea Mandy Man‐Mei , Woo Jean , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackground and AimLifestyle modification is the cornerstone for the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and patatin‐like phospholipase 3 (PNPLA3) is one of the most important genetic determinants of NAFLD. We aimed to investigate the effect of PNPLA3 gene polymorphism on the response to lifestyle modification in NAFLD patients.MethodsThis was a post‐hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial on a lifestyle modification program in community NAFLD patients. The PNPLA3 rs738409 gene polymorphism was correlated with changes in metabolic profile and intrahepatic triglyceride content (IHTG) as measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.ResultsOne hundred and fifty‐four patients were equally randomized into the intervention and control groups. The presence of G allele was associated with greater reduction in IHTG (CC: 3.7 ± 5.2%, CG: 6.5 ± 3.6%), and GG: 11.3 ± 8.8% (Spearman's correlation, 0.34; P = 0.002), body weight (P = 0.030), waist‐to‐hip ratio (P = 0.024), total cholesterol (P = 0.031), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.009) in the intervention group. In contrast, PNPLA3 polymorphism had no impact on IHTG changes in the control group. By multivariable analysis, PNPLA3 genotype and body mass index (BMI) change were independently associated with IHTG reduction in the intervention group. Only BMI change was associated with IHTG reduction in the control group.ConclusionAlthough the PNPLA3 rs738409 GG genotype confers a higher risk of NAFLD, these patients are more sensitive to the beneficial effects of lifestyle modification and should be encouraged to do so.
Clinical role of Notch signaling pathway in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas
Authors: Ikemoto Tetsuya , Sugimoto Koji , Shimada Mitsuo , Utsunomiya Tohru , Morine Yuji , Imura Satoru , Arakawa Yusuke , Kanamoto Mami , Iwahashi Shu‐ichi , Saito Yu , Yamada Shinichiro 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackground and AimThis study was performed to elucidate the expression of the Notch signaling pathway and its correlations to clinicopathological factors of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). It is incontrovertible that regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in tumor immunity. However, the whole mechanism of control of peripheral Tregs remains unclear. It is also known that the Notch signaling pathway is involved in Treg suppressor function. Moreover, IPMNs have a high malignant potential.MethodsPeripheral blood samples and resected specimens from 18 patients with IPMN were evaluated. All patients were pathologically diagnosed with IPMN. Resected specimens were immunohistochemically evaluated (anti‐Notch1, anti‐Notch2, and anti‐Notch2‐intracellular domain antibody staining) and compared in terms of clinicopathological factors. Peripheral Treg populations were analyzed with an automated flow cytometer.ResultsDisease‐free survival was significantly worse in the Notch1 high‐expression group (P = 0.023). Notch2 family expressions were higher in intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) than in intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma (IPMA) (Notch2, P = 0.012; Notch2‐intracellular domain, P = 0.036). Jagged1 expression was significantly higher in IPMC than in IPMA (P < 0.05) and was significantly related to recurrence. The Treg population in peripheral blood was higher in patients with IPMC than in those with IPMA (P < 0.01).ConclusionsNotch signaling, especially Jagged1 expression, reflects IPMN aggressiveness. Our data may suggest that the Notch signaling pathway is a key pathway that determines IPMN pathological aggressiveness and reflects the peripheral Treg population.
Mosapride treatment for functional dyspepsia: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Bang Chang Seok , Kim Jong Hyeok , Baik Gwang Ho , Kim Hyo Sun , Park Sang Hyun , Kim Eun Jin , Kim Jin Bong , Suk Ki Tae , Yoon Jai Hoon , Kim Yeon Soo , Kim Dong Joon 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic effect of mosapride in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD).MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) of mosapride for the treatment of FD performed between 2002 and 2013 were identified from databases. Symptom response rates were extracted and analyzed using risk ratios (RRs). A random effect model was applied based on Higgins I2 tests. Publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot, Egger's test, trim and fill, and the rank correlation test.ResultsIn total, 13 RCTs, which included 1091 mosapride‐treated patients and 1129 control patients (on placebo or other drugs), were identified and analyzed. Overall, mosapride showed an RR of 0.999 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.869–1.150, P = 0.992) for improving global efficacy or symptom‐based scores. In a sensitivity analysis of the high‐quality RCTs, mosapride showed an RR of 1.114 (95% CI: 1.011–1.227, P = 0.029). However, in the studies using the Rome III criteria for the diagnosis of FD, mosapride showed an RR of 0.906 (95% CI: 0.807–1.016, P = 0.092). In the studies having funding source, mosapride showed an RR of 1.131 (95% CI: 1.028–1.244, P = 0.012), whereas an RR of 0.966 (95% CI: 0.896–1.042, P = 0.367) was observed in the studies without funding source. Publication bias was not detected.ConclusionIn this analysis, we could not find a significant effect of mosapride on FD. Inconsistent diagnostic criteria for FD and different assessment outcomes are causes of heterogeneity. Further studies using common validated outcomes or questionnaires and high‐quality RCTs will elucidate the real effect of this medication on FD.
Use of proton pump inhibitors decrease cellular oxidative burst in patients with decompensated cirrhosis
Authors: Garcia‐Martinez Irma , Francés Rubén , Zapater Pedro , Giménez Paula , Gómez‐Hurtado Isabel , Moratalla Alba , Lozano‐Ruiz Beatriz , Bellot Pablo , González‐Navajas José M , Such José 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackground and AimsProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used antisecretory drugs and have been linked to an increased risk of bacterial infections in cirrhosis. We investigated whether the treatment with PPIs in cirrhosis affects the oxidative burst activity of granulocytes and monocytes and its possible interference with serum norfloxacin (Nflx) levels in these patients.Methods70 patients with cirrhosis and ascitic fluid and 24 healthy controls were included in the study and distributed into groups according to the regular use of PPIs and/or norfloxacin. The blood granulocyte and monocyte's phagocytic activity and oxidative burst were evaluated by flow cytometry. Blood levels of norfloxacin were measured by HPLC and bacterial translocation was evaluated by detection of bacterial DNA in blood.ResultsUse of PPIs was associated with a decreased granulocyte and monocyte oxidative burst, but not of phagocytic activity, as compared with patients not receiving PPIs. PPIs use did not affect serum norfloxacin levels in patients. A not significant trend to an increased bacterial DNA translocation was observed in patients receiving PPIs, including patients simultaneously receiving norfloxacin.ConclusionsPPIs significantly decrease cellular oxidative burst in cirrhosis. This fact may provide a pathogenic explanation to the reported high rates of bacterial infections in this setting, and strongly suggests that PPIs should only be used in patients with cirrhosis when clinically indicated.
Impact of renal insufficiency on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Chen Chuan‐Fu , Liu Po‐Hong , Lee Yun‐Hsuan , Tsai Ya‐Ju , Hsu Chia‐Yang , Huang Yi‐Hsiang , Chiou Yi‐You , Huo Teh‐Ia 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackground and AimRenal insufficiency (RI) is commonly seen in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to investigate the impact of RI on the long‐term survival of HCC patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and to determine the optimal staging strategy for these patients.MethodsRI was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. A total of 123 and 344 patients with and without RI undergoing RFA, respectively, were enrolled. A one‐to‐one propensity score matching analysis with preset caliper width was performed. The prognostic ability of four currently used staging systems was compared by the Akaike information criterion (AIC).ResultsHCC patients with RI undergoing RFA were older (P < 0.001) and had significantly different baseline characteristics. Of all patients, RI was significantly associated with a decreased long‐term survival (P = 0.03). After matching in the propensity model, the baseline characteristics were similar between patients with (n = 92) and without (n = 92) RI. In the propensity model, RI was not significantly associated with a shortened survival (P = 0.273). In the Cox multivariate analysis, Child‐Turcotte‐Pugh class B or C was identified as the only independent predictor of poor prognosis. Among patients with RI undergoing RFA, the Taipei Integrated Scoring (TIS) system provided the highest homogeneity and lowest AIC value among the currently used staging systems.ConclusionsThe long‐term survival of HCC patients undergoing RFA is not affected by RI. The TIS staging system may provide a better prognostic prediction for HCC patients with RI undergoing RFA.
Randomized, controlled pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of albinterferon in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection
Authors: Colvin Richard A , Tanwandee Tawesak , Piratvisuth Teerha , Thongsawat Satawat , Hui Aric Josun , Zhang Hongfei , Ren Hong , Chen Pei‐Jer , Chuang Wan‐Long , Sobhonslidsuk Abhasnee , Li Ruobing , Qi Yin , Praestgaard Jens , Han Yi , Xu Junfang , Stein Daniel S ,   the ABF656A2206 Study Group
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackground and AimsAlbinterferon is a fusion of albumin and interferon‐α2b developed to improve the pharmacokinetics, convenience, and potential efficacy of interferon‐α for the treatment of chronic hepatitis infections.MethodsThis open‐label, randomized, active‐controlled, multicenter study investigated the safety and efficacy of albinterferon in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection who were e‐antigen (HBeAg) positive. One hundred and forty‐one patients received one of four albinterferon doses/regimens or pegylated‐interferon‐α2a. Primary efficacy outcomes were changes in serum HBeAg and antibody, HBV‐DNA, and alanine aminotransferase. Principal safety outcomes were changes in laboratory values, pulmonary function, and adverse events.ResultsThe study was prematurely terminated as phase III trials in hepatitis C infection indicated noninferior efficacy but inferior safety compared with pegylated‐interferon‐α2a. Here, all treatment groups had a significant reduction in HBV‐DNA from baseline. Reductions in HBV‐DNA were not significantly different, except the 1200 μg every 4 weeks albinterferon dose which was inferior compared with pegylated‐interferon‐α2a. The serum alanine aminotransferase levels decreased in all arms. The per‐patient incidence of adverse events was not significantly different for albinterferon (96.4–100%) and pegylated‐interferon‐α2a (93.1%). Total adverse events, however, were higher for albinterferon and correlated to dose. Decreased lung function was found in all arms (∼93% of patients), and was more common in some albinterferon groups.ConclusionsAlbinterferon doses with similar anti‐HBV efficacy to pegylated‐interferon‐α2a had higher rates of certain adverse events, particularly changes in lung diffusion capacity (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov number NCT00964665).
Association of interleukin 28B polymorphism and mutations in the NS5A region of hepatitis C virus genotype 2 with interferon responsiveness
Authors: Hayashi Kazuhiko , Katano Yoshiaki , Ishizu Yoji , Kuzuya Teiji , Honda Takashi , Ishigami Masatoshi , Itoh Akihiro , Hirooka Yoshiki , Ishikawa Tetsuya , Nakano Isao , Yoshioka Kentaro , Toyoda Hidenori , Kumada Takashi , Goto Hidemi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackground and AimThe single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of interleukin 28B (IL28B) and the mutations in the NS5A region of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 have been associated with response to interferon (IFN) therapy. However, these relationships in patients with HCV genotype 2 are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the SNP of IL28B (rs8099917) and amino acid substitutions in the NS5A region in patients with HCV genotype 2 affect the response to IFN and ribavirin combination therapy.MethodsThe study enrolled 286 patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 2. Patients received pegylated‐IFN‐alpha 2b once each week plus oral ribavirin daily for 24 weeks.ResultsOf the 286 patients, 215 (75.2%) achieved sustained virologic response (SVR). Rate of SVR was similar in patients with IL28B TT allele (76%) and those with TG or GG alleles (72%). Patients with SVR were younger than those without SVR (P < 0.001). SVR was achieved in 65.9% of patients with wild‐type IFN sensitivity‐determining region (ISDR) and 83.5% of patients with mutant type (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in other factors, including sex, alanine aminotransferase, platelet count, HCV viral load, HCV genotype, and IL28B genotype. The factors related to SVR on multivariate analysis were age (P = 0.019) and ISDR (P = 0.003).ConclusionsISDR sequence variations are significantly associated with IFN responsiveness in patients with HCV genotype 2. The SNP of IL28B was not associated with SVR in patients with HCV genotype 2.
K+ retention in leaf mesophyll, an overlooked component of salinity tolerance mechanism: A case study for barley
Authors: Wu Honghong , Zhu Min , Shabala Lana , Zhou Meixue , Shabala Sergey 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPlant salinity tolerance is a physiologically complex trait, with numerous mechanisms contributing to it. In this work, we show that the ability of leaf mesophyll to retain K+ represents an important and essentially overlooked component of a salinity tolerance mechanism. The strong positive correlation between mesophyll K+ retention ability under saline conditions (quantified by the magnitude of NaCl‐induced K+ efflux from mesophyll) and the overall salinity tolerance (relative fresh weight and/or survival or damage under salinity stress) was found while screening 46 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes contrasting in their salinity tolerance. Genotypes with intrinsically higher leaf K+ content under control conditions were found to possess better K+ retention ability under salinity and, hence, overall higher tolerance. Contrary to previous reports for barley roots, K+ retention in mesophyll was not associated with an increased H+‐pumping in tolerant varieties but instead correlated negatively with this trait. These findings are explained by the fact that increased H+ extrusion may be needed to charge balance the activity and provide the driving force for the high affinity HAK/KUP K+ transporters required to restore cytosolic K+ homeostasis in salt‐sensitive genotypes.