bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Problems of Teenagers Who Have a Parent With Cancer: A Population-Based Case-Control Study (Young-HUNT Study)
Authors: Jeppesen Elisabeth , Bjelland Ingvar , Fosså Sophie D. , Loge Jon H. , Dahl Alv A. 
Published: October 2013

Purpose High prevalence of psychosocial problems has been observed in clinical studies of teenagers who have a parent with cancer. In contrast, we used a population-based design to study such problems in teenagers who have a parent with cancer (cases) compared with matched teenagers with cancer-free parents (controls). We hypothesized that higher prevalence of psychosocial problems would be observed in cases compared with controls and that sex differences would be observed between cases and controls. Methods We used data from a cross-sectional population-based survey of teenagers (Young-HUNT study). Among 8,986 teenage participants, 120 of their parents had invasive cancer before the Young-HUNT study according to the Norwegian Cancer Registry. These parents had 143 teenagers (cases) participating in the Young-HUNT study. Matched on sex, age, and municipality, 429 control teenagers with cancer-free parents were drawn from the Young-HUNT study. Six psychosocial problems were studied. Results No significant differences in psychosocial problems were observed between cases and controls in the total sample. Fewer case daughters reported eating problems compared with control daughters, and more case sons reported eating problems compared with control sons. More case daughters than case sons reported somatic stress symptoms and low self-esteem and displayed more caseness of anxiety/depression. These three sex differences were also observed among controls, indicating that they were general sex differences. Conclusion In this population-based study, teenagers who had a parent with cancer did not have higher prevalence of psychosocial problems than controls. Sex differences observed in previous clinically based studies were confirmed but may simply reflect sex differences observed among teenagers in general.
Bastardy, Race, and Law in the Eighteenth-Century French Atlantic: The Evidence of Litigation
Authors: Gerber Matthew 
Published: October 2013

This article examines two transatlantic lawsuits, Jamet v. Guerre (1772) and Raymond v. Casse (1779), both of which put concepts of illegitimacy and race simultaneously into question. Contextualizing the lawsuits within the distinctive but highly pluralistic legal cultures of the colonies and the métropole, the article argues that these cases of litigation reveal some of the processes by which new conceptions of illegitimacy and race were initially formulated in Saint-Domingue and only hesitantly imported into France. Though illegitimacy was traditionally defined in France as birth outside legitimate marriage, in the colonies it was increasingly associated with racial mixture, regardless of the parents’ marital status. Although eighteenth-century metropolitan magistrates initially rejected racial distinctions as foreign to French law, they eventually accepted them, paving the way for some of the bitter debates over race that took place during the French Revolution.
Cet article examine deux litiges transatlantiques, Jamet v. Guerre (1772) and Raymond v. Casse (1779), qui agitaient à la fois les débats autour de l’illégitimité et de la race. Analysant ces litiges dans le contexte des systèmes pluralistiques de droit métropolitain et colonial, l’article avance que les deux cas sont révélateurs du processus par lequel les nouvelles idées sur l’illégitimité et la race ont été nées à Saint-Domingue et seulement plus tard, après résistance, assimilées dans la culture métropolitaine. La bâtardise fut traditionnellement définie comme la naissance hors de mariage légitime, mais dans les colonies, on l’assimilait progressivement au métissage racial, peu importe l’état civil des parents. Quoique les magistrats métropolitains aient d’abord rejeté les distinctions raciales comme étrangères au « droit français », ils les ont enfin acceptées, ainsi contribuant aux débats amers autour de la race pendant la Révolution française.
A pilot study of basal ganglia and thalamus structure by high dimensional mapping in children with Tourette syndrome
Authors: Williams Alton C. , McNeely Marie E. , Greene Deanna J. , Church Jessica A. , Warren Stacie L. , Hartlein Johanna M. , Schlaggar Bradley L. , Black Kevin J. , Wang Lei 
Published: October 2013

Background: Prior brain imaging and autopsy studies have suggested that structural abnormalities of the basal ganglia (BG) nuclei may be present in Tourette Syndrome (TS). These studies have focused mainly on the volume differences of the BG structures and not their anatomical shapes. Shape differences of various brain structures have been demonstrated in other neuropsychiatric disorders using large-deformation, high dimensional brain mapping (HDBM-LD). A previous study of a small sample of adult TS patients demonstrated the validity of the method, but did not find significant differences compared to controls. Since TS usually begins in childhood and adult studies may show structure differences due to adaptations, we hypothesized that differences in BG and thalamus structure geometry and volume due to etiological changes in TS might be better characterized in children.Objective: Pilot the HDBM-LD method in children and estimate effect sizes.Methods: In this pilot study, T1-weighted MRIs were collected in 13 children with TS and 16 healthy, tic-free, control children. The groups were well matched for age. The primary outcome measures were the first 10 eigenvectors which are derived using HDBM-LD methods and represent the majority of the geometric shape of each structure, and the volumes of each structure adjusted for whole brain volume. We also compared hemispheric right/left asymmetry and estimated effect sizes for both volume and shape differences between groups.Results: We found no statistically significant differences between the TS subjects and controls in volume, shape, or right/left asymmetry. Effect sizes were greater for shape analysis than for volume.Conclusion: This study represents one of the first efforts to study the shape as opposed to the volume of the BG in TS, but power was limited by sample size. Shape analysis by the HDBM-LD method may prove more sensitive to group differences.
Expression Plasmids for Use inCandida glabrata
Authors: Zordan Rebecca E , Ren Yuxia , Pan Shih-Jung , Rotondo Giuseppe , Peñas Alejandro De Las , Iluore Joseph , Cormack Brendan P 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe describe a series of CEN/ARS episomal plasmids containing different Candida glabrata promoters, allowing for a range of constitutive or regulated expression of proteins in C. glabrata. The set of promoters includes three constitutive promoters (EGD2pr, HHT2pr, PDC1pr), two macrophage/phagocytosis-induced promoters (ACO2pr, LYS21pr), and one nutritionally regulated promoter (MET3pr). Each promoter was cloned into two plasmid backbones that differ in their selectable marker, URA3, or the dominant-selectable NAT1 gene, which confers resistance to the drug nourseothricin. Expression from the 12 resulting plasmids was assessed using GFP as a reporter and flow cytometry or quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction to assess expression levels. Together this set of plasmids expands the toolkit of expression vectors available for use with C. glabrata.
Impact of a Routine Two-Dose Varicella Vaccination Program on Varicella Epidemiology
Authors: Bialek Stephanie R. , Perella Dana , Zhang John , Mascola Laurene , Viner Kendra , Jackson Christina , Lopez Adriana S. , Watson Barbara , Civen Rachel 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE:
One-dose varicella vaccination for children was introduced in the United States in 1995. In 2006, a second dose was recommended to further decrease varicella disease and outbreaks. We describe the impact of the 2-dose vaccination program on varicella incidence, severity, and outbreaks in 2 varicella active surveillance areas.

METHODS:
We examined varicella incidence rates and disease characteristics in Antelope Valley (AV), CA, and West Philadelphia, PA, and varicella outbreak characteristics in AV during 1995–2010.

RESULTS:
In 2010, varicella incidence was 0.3 cases per 1000 population in AV and 0.1 cases per 1000 population in West Philadelphia: 76% and 67% declines, respectively, since 2006 and 98% declines in both sites since 1995; incidence declined in all age groups during 2006–2010. From 2006–2010, 61.7% of case patients in both surveillance areas had been vaccinated with 1 dose of varicella vaccine and 7.5% with 2 doses. Most vaccinated case patients had &lt;50 lesions with no statistically significant differences among 1- and 2-dose cases (62.8% and 70.3%, respectively). Varicella-related hospitalizations during 2006–2010 declined &gt;40% compared with 2002–2005 and &gt;85% compared with 1995–1998. Twelve varicella outbreaks occurred in AV during 2007–2010, compared with 47 during 2003–2006 and 236 during 1995–1998 (P &lt; .01).

CONCLUSIONS:
Varicella incidence, hospitalizations, and outbreaks in 2 active surveillance areas declined substantially during the first 5 years of the 2-dose varicella vaccination program. Declines in incidence across all ages, including infants who are not eligible for varicella vaccination, and adults, in whom vaccination levels are low, provide evidence of the benefit of high levels of immunity in the population.
Effect of Location of Sodium Precursor on the Morphological and Device Properties of CIGS Solar Cells
Authors: Dhere Neelkanth G. , Kaul Ashwani , Moutinho Helio 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTSodium plays an important role in the development of device quality CIGS (Cu-In-Ga-Se) and CIGSeS (Cu-In-Ga-Se-S) chalcopyrite thin film solar cells. In this study the effect of location of sodium precursor on the device properties of CIGS solar cells was studied. Reduction in the surface roughness and improvement in the crystallinity and morphology of the absorber films was observed with increase in sodium quantity from 0 Å to 40 Å and to 80 Å NaF. It was found that absorber films with 40 Å and 80 Å NaF in the front of the metallic precursors formed better devices compared to those with sodium at the back. Higher open circuit voltages and short circuit current values were achieved for devices made with these absorber films as well.
Three Quantitative Trait Loci Conferring Resistance to Kernel Fissuring in Rice Identified by Selective Genotyping in Two Tropical Japonica Populations
Authors: Pinson Shannon R. M. , Jia Yulin , Gibbons James W. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTKernel fissures in rice (Oryza sativa L.) caused by pre‐ or postharvest stresses are the leading cause of breakage among milled rice, causing economic losses for producers, millers, and processors. The present study identified three quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with fissure resistance (FisR) through selective genotyping of two mapping populations, one derived from ‘Cypress’ × ‘LaGrue’ and the other derived from ‘Cybonnet’ × ‘Saber’. Two QTLs were identified on chromosome 1 and one on chromosome 8 in both populations. Further QTL verification as well as improved estimates of QTL locations and effects were obtained using a set of 275 Cybonnet × Saber recombinant inbred lines (RILs) tagged with markers along chromosomes 1 and 8 and phenotyped using seven replications of seed harvested in four environments. Both QTLs on chromosome 1 were statistically significant in all four environments; the chromosome 8 QTL was significant in three. All alleles for FisR originated from Cypress, which was the FisR parent of Cybonnet. The QTL with largest effect, qFIS1‐2, which explained 13% of the RIL variance for FisR, was found linked to the semidwarf sd1 locus on chromosome 1. This explains earlier reports of putative association between FisR and short plant height. This is the first report of rice FisR QTLs whose effects were verified in multiple mapping populations and seed‐production environments.
Creation and Validation of the Spanish Durum Wheat Core Collection
Authors: Ruiz Magdalena , Giraldo Patricia , Royo Conxita , Carrillo Jose M. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTSpanish wheat (Triticum spp.) landraces have a considerable polymorphism, containing many unique alleles, relative to other collections. The existence of a core collection is a favored approach for breeders to efficiently explore novel variation and enhance the use of germplasm. In this study, the Spanish durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) core collection (CC) was created using a population structure–based method, grouping accessions by subspecies and allocating the number of genotypes among populations according to the diversity of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The CC of 94 genotypes was established, which accounted for 17% of the accessions in the entire collection. An alternative core collection (CH), with the same number of genotypes per subspecies and maximizing the coverage of SSR alleles, was assembled with the Core Hunter software. The quality of both core collections was compared with a random core collection and evaluated using geographic, agromorphological, and molecular marker data not previously used in the selection of genotypes. Both core collections had a high genetic representativeness, which validated their sampling strategies. Geographic and agromorphological variation, phenotypic correlations, and gliadin alleles of the original collection were more accurately depicted by the CC. Diversity arrays technology (DArT) markers revealed that the CC included genotypes less similar than the CH. Although more SSR alleles were retained by the CH (94%) than by the CC (91%), the results showed that the CC was better than CH for breeding purposes.
Numerical Simulation of O3 and NO Reacting in a Tubular Flow Reactor
Authors: Modliński Norbert J. , Kordylewski Włodzimierz K. , Jakubiak Maciej P. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
A process capable of NOx control by ozone injection gained wide attention as a possible alternative to proven post combustion technologies such as selective catalytic (and non-catalytic) reduction. The purpose of the work was to develop a numerical model of NO oxidation with O3 that would be capable of providing guidelines for process optimisation during different design stages. A Computational Fluid Dynamics code was used to simulate turbulent reacting flow. In order to reduce computation expense a 11-step global NO - O3 reaction mechanism was implemented into the code. Model performance was verified by the experiment in a tubular flow reactor for two injection nozzle configurations and for two O3/NO ratios of molar fluxe. The objective of this work was to estimate the applicability of a simplified homogeneous reaction mechanism in reactive turbulent flow simulation. Quantitative conformity was not completely satisfying for all examined cases, but the final effect of NO oxidation was predicted correctly at the reactor outlet.
Kinematic Variables Evolution During a 200-m Maximum Test in Young Paddlers
Authors: Vaquero-Cristóbal Raquel , Alacid Fernando , López-Plaza Daniel , Muyor José María , López-Miñarro Pedro A. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The objective of this research was to determine the kinematic variables evolution in a sprint canoeing maximal test over 200 m, comparing women and men kayak paddlers and men canoeists. Speed evolution, cycle frequency, cycle length and cycle index were analysed each 50 m section in fifty-two young paddlers (20 male kayakers, 17 female kayakers and 15 male canoeists; 13-14 years-old). Recordings were taken from a boat which followed each paddler trial in order to measure the variables cited above. Kinematic evolution was similar in the three categories, the speed and cycle index decreased through the test after the first 50 m. Significant differences were observed among most of the sections in speed and the cycle index (p<0.05 and <0.01, respectively). Cycle length remained stable showing the lowest values in the first section when compared with the others (p<0.01). Cycle frequency progressively decreased along the distance. Significant differences were identified in the majority of the sections (p<0.01). Men kayakers attained higher values in all the variables than women kayakers and men canoeists, but only such variables as speed, cycle length and cycle index were observed to be significantly higher (p<0.01). Moreover, lower kinematic values were obtained from men canoeists. The study of the evolution of kinematic variables can provide valuable information for athletes and coaches while planning training sessions and competitions.
Postural Adaptations in Preadolescent Karate Athletes Due to a One Week Karate Training Camp
Authors: Vando Stefano , Filingeri Davide , Maurino Lucio , Chaabène Helmi , Bianco Antonino , Salernitano Gianluca , Foti Calogero , Padulo Johnny 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an increasing number of training hours of specific highintensity karate training on postural sway in preadolescent karate athletes. Seventy-four karatekas were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: Karate Group (KG=37): age 10.29±1.68 yrs; or Control Group (CG= 37): age 10.06±1.77 yrs. The KG performed two sessions per day for 1 week in total, while the CG performed only 3 sessions during the same period. The center-of-pressure length (COPL) and velocity (COPV) were recorded under four different experimental conditions: open eyes (EO), closed eyes (EC), open eyes monopodalic left (EOL), open eyes monopodalic right (EOR), pre as well as post training intervention. Post-camp results indicated significant differences between the groups in the COPL p<0.001; an interaction of training type×time in the COPV (p<0.001) and an interaction of training type×time (p=0.020). The KG revealed an improvement in the COPL from pre to post-camp under conditions of EO [-37.26% (p<0.001)], EC [-31.72% (p<0.001)], EOL [-27.27% (p<0.001)], EOR [-21.44% (p<0.001)], while CG revealed small adaptations in conditions of EO (3.16%), EC (0.93%), EOL (-3.03%), EOR (-0.97%). Furthermore, in the KG an improvement in the COPV from pre to post-camp was observed in conditions of EO [-37.92% (p<0.001)], EC [-32.52% (p<0.001)], EOL [-29.11% (p<0.001)], EOR [-21.49% (p<0.001)]. In summary, one-week of high intensity karate training induced a significant improvement in static body balance in preadolescent karate athletes. Karate performance requires high-levels of both static and dynamic balance. Further research dealing with the effect of karate practice on dynamic body balance in young athletes is required.
Relationship between sexual signals and louse (Insecta: Phthiraptera) infestation of breeding and migrating Barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) in Hungary
Authors: Gál Enikő , Csörgő Tibor , Vas Zoltán 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Lice (Phthiraptera) chew characteristic holes on the remiges and rectrices of Barn swallows (Hirundo rustica). The number of these holes correlate positively with the intensity of louse infestation, hence hole counts are useful to quantify lousiness. Several papers showed that lice affect both life expectancy and reproductive success of hosts. In male Barn swallows, the length of the outermost tail feathers act as a sexual signal. Females prefer long-tailed males, which have significantly fewer feather holes. In this study we sampled breeding and migrating Barn swallows and compared their louse burden, and the relationship between tail length and the number of feather holes. We found significant negative correlation between feather holes and tail length in breeding males; however, we found non-significant correlation in migrating males. We suggest that attractive males have more physical interactions (e.g. extra-pair copulation) during the breeding season, than less attractive males, hence they are more exposed to louse transmission, and therefore the difference in the infestation declines towards the end of the breeding season. However, given that migrating swallow groups include colonial and solitary breeding birds, it cannot be excluded that a potentially different louse distribution on solitary breeding birds may contribute to the results.
The role of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in evaluating the response to tyrosine-kinase inhibitors in patients with metastatic primary renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Caldarella Carmelo , Muoio Barbara , Isgrò Maria Antonietta , Porfiri Emilio , Treglia Giorgio , Giovanella Luca 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Background. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is increasingly used in the evaluation of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), primarily for staging purposes. The aim of this paper is to perform a systematic review about the usefulness of PET-CT using FDG in response assessment after treatment with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with advanced RCC.
Materials and methods. The scientific literature about the role of PET-CT using FDG in the assessment of response to treatment with TKIs in patients affected by advanced RCC was systematically reviewed.
Results. Seven studies about the role of PET-CT using FDG in the response assessment after treatment with TKIs (essentially sunitinib and sorafenib) in advanced RCC were retrieved in full-text and analysed, to determine the predictive role of this morpho-functional imaging method on patient outcome.
Conclusions. To date, the role of PET-CT using FDG in evaluating the response to TKIs in metastatic RCC patients is still not well defined, partly due to heterogeneity of available studies; however, PET-CT reveals potential role for the selection of patients undergoing therapy with TKIs. The use of contrast-enhanced PET-CT appears to be promising for a “multi-dimensional” evaluation of treatment response in these patients.
The Blundered Strategy of Euro Adoption in the Czech Republic: A ”Pre-crisis“ Retrospective
Authors: Flek Vladislav 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The commitment to join the eurozone in 2009-2010 was rejected by Czech Republic in 2006 at a time when signs of the eurozone crisis were not yet apparent. Nor did the prospects of failure to fulfil any of the Maastricht Convergence Criteria have any realistic basis. Real or alleged difficulties in meeting the Maastricht Convergence Criteria and attaining economic alignment with the eurozone did not serve as a mobilization factor for economic policies. Instead, these issues were perceived to offer an objective reason against euro adoption within the declared timeframe. The official stance against the euro was partly based on serious analytical and short-term forecasting errors, if not on deliberate manipulations, including an overemphasised misalignment of the Czech economy with the eurozone.
Fractional-order linear time invariant swarm systems: asymptotic swarm stability and time response analysis
Authors: Soorki Mojtaba , Tavazoei Mohammad 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis paper deals with fractional-order linear time invariant swarm systems. Necessary and sufficient conditions for asymptotic swarm stability of these systems are presented. Also, based on a time response analysis the speed of convergence in an asymptotically swarm stable fractional-order linear time invariant swarm system is investigated and compared with that of its integer-order counterpart. Numerical simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the paper results.