bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergent coronary revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting in patients receiving extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Fu Hsun-Yi , Chen Yih-Sharng , Yu Hsi-Yu , Chi Nai-Hsin , Wei Ling-Yi , Chen Kevin Po-Hsun , Chou Heng-Wen , Chou Nai-Kuan , Wang Chih-Hsien 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) has emerged as a rescue for refractory cardiac arrest, of which acute coronary syndrome is a common cause. Data on the coronary revascularization strategy in patients receiving ECPR remain limited.

METHODS
The ECPR databases from two referral hospitals were screened for patients who underwent emergent revascularization. The baseline characteristics were matched 1:1 using propensity score between patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and those who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Outcomes, including success rate of weaning from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), hospital survival, and midterm survival in hospital survivors, were compared between CABG and PCI.

RESULTS
After matching, most of the patients (95%) had triple vessel disease. Compared with PCI (n = 40), emergent CABG (n = 40) had better early outcomes, in terms of the rates of successful ECMO weaning (71.1% vs 48.7%, P = 0.05) and hospital survival (56.4% versus 32.4%, P = 0.04). After a mean follow-up of 2 years, both revascularization strategies were associated with favourable midterm survival among hospital survivors (75.3% after CABG vs 88.9% after PCI, P = 0.49), with a trend towards fewer reinterventions in patients who underwent CABG (P = 0.07).

CONCLUSIONS
In patients who received ECPR because of triple vessel disease, the hospital outcomes were better after emergent CABG than after PCI. More evidence is required to determine the optimal revascularization strategy for patients who receive ECPR.
Lung adenocarcinoma manifested as ground-glass nodules in teenagers: characteristics, surgical outcomes and management strategies
Authors: Ma Yi , Fei Xiang , Jiang Chao , Chen Haiming , Wang Ziming , Bao Yi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Ground-glass nodules–featured lung cancer have been identified in some teenagers in recent years. This study aims to investigate the characteristics and surgical outcomes of these patients and explore proper management strategy.

METHODS
Patients aged ≤20 with incidentally diagnosed lung cancer were retrospectively reviewed from February 2016 to March 2023. Based on lymph node evaluation status, these patients were divided into non-lymph node evaluation and lymph node evaluation groups. The clinical and pathological characteristics were analysed.

RESULTS
A total of 139 teenage patients were included, with an obviously increased cases observed from 2019, corresponding to the COVID-19 pandemic. The median age of the 139 patients was 18 years (range 12–20). Eighty-five patients had pure ground-glass nodules, while others had mixed ground-glass nodules. The mean diameter of nodules was 8.87 ± 2.20 mm. Most of the patients underwent wedge resection (64%) or segmentectomy (31.7%). Fifty-two patients underwent lymph node sampling or dissection. None of these patients had lymph node metastasis. The majority of lesions were adenocarcinoma in situ (63 cases) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (72 cases), while four lesions were invasive adenocarcinoma. The median follow-up time was 2.46 years, and none of these patients experienced recurrence or death during follow-up. The lymph node evaluation group had longer hospital stays (P &lt; 0.001), longer surgery time (P &lt; 0.001), and greater blood loss (P = 0.047) than the non-lymph node evaluation group.

CONCLUSIONS
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased the number of teenage patients incidentally diagnosed with lung cancer, presenting as ground-glass nodules on CT scans. These patients have favourable surgical outcomes. We propose a management strategy for teenage patients, and suggest that sub-lobar resection without lymph node dissection may be an acceptable surgical procedure for these patients.
Conversion of notoginsenoside R1 to 3β,12β-dihydroxydammar-(E)-20(22),24-diene-6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum S165 enhanced protective effects of LPS-induced intestinal epithelial barrier injury in Caco-2 cells
Authors: Wang Penghui , Gao Yansong , Yang Ge , Zhao Lei , Zhao Zijian , Li Shengyu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aims
Microbial transformation to modify saponins and enhance their biological activities has received increasing attention in recent years. This study aimed to screen the strain that can biotransform notoginsenoside R1, identify the product and study its biological activity.

Methods and results
A lactic acid bacteria strain S165 with glycosidase-producing activity was isolated from traditional Chinese fermented foods, which was identified and grouped according to API 50 CHL kit and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Subsequently, notoginsenoside R1 underwent a 30-day fermentation period by the strain S165, and the resulting products were analyzed using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS, and 13C-Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Employing a model of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced damage to Caco-2 cells, the damage of Caco-2 cells was detected by Hoechst 33 258 staining, and the activity of notoginsenoside R1 biotransformation product was investigated by CCK-8 and western blotting assay. The strain S165 was identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and was used to biotransform notoginsenoside R1. Through a 30-day biotransformation, L. plantarum S165 predominantly converts notoginsenoside R1 into 3β,12β-dihydroxydammar-(E)-20(22),24-diene-6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside, temporarily named notoginsenoside T6 (NGT6) according to HPLC, UPLC-MS/MS, and 13C-NMR analysis. Results from CCK-8 and Hoechst 33258 staining indicated that the ability notoginsenoside T6 to alleviate the intestinal injury induced by LPS in the Caco-2 cell was stronger than that of notoginsenoside R1. In addition, Western blotting result showed that notoginsenoside T6 could prevent intestinal injury by protecting tight junction proteins (Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1).

Conclusion
Notoginsenoside R1 was biotransformed into the notoginsenoside T6 by L. plantarum S165, and the biotransformed product showed an enhanced intestinal protective effect in vitro.
Continuous variation in the shell colour of the snail Cepaea nemoralis is associated with the colour locus of the supergene
Authors: Chowdhury Mehrab , Johansen Margrethe , Davison Angus 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
While the shell of the land snail Cepaea nemoralis is typically classed as yellow, pink, or brown, the reality is that colour variation is continuously distributed. To further understand the origin of the continuous variation, we used crosses of C. nemoralis to compare quantitative measures of the colour with the inferred genotype of the underlying supergene locus. We also used a recently developed linkage map to find quantitative trait loci that may influence colour. The results show that the colour locus of the supergene—at around 31.385 cM on linkage group 11—is involved in determining the quantitative chromatic differences that are perceptible to human vision. We also found some evidence that variation within colour classes may be due to allelic variation at or around the supergene. There are likely other unlinked loci involved in determining colour within classes, but confirmation will require greater statistical power. Although not investigated here, environmental factors, including diet, may also impact upon variation within colour types.
Evolutionary insights of interferon lambda genes in tetrapods
Authors: Gautam Devika , Sindhu Anil , Vats Ashutosh , Rajput Shiveeli , Rana Chanchal , De Sachinandan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Type III interferon (IFN), also known as IFN-λ, is an innate antiviral protein. We retrieved the sequences of IFN-λ and their receptors from 42 tetrapod species and conducted a computational evolutionary analysis to understand the diversity of these genes. The copy number variation (CNV) of IFN-λ was determined through qPCR in Indian cattle and buffalo. The tetrapod species feature intron-containing type III IFN genes. Some reptiles and placental mammals have 2 IFN-λ loci, while marsupials, monotremes, and birds have a single IFN-λ locus. Some placental mammals and amphibians exhibit multiple IFN-λ genes, including both intron-less and intron-containing forms. Placental mammals typically possess 3–4 functional IFN-λ genes, some of them lack signal peptides. IFN-λ of these tetrapod species formed 3 major clades. Mammalian IFN-λ4 appears as an ancestral form, with syntenic conservation in most mammalian species. The intron-less IFN-λ1 and both type III IFN receptors have conserved synteny in tetrapod. Purifying selection was noted in their evolutionary analysis that plays a crucial role in minimizing genetic diversity and maintaining the integrity of biological function. This indicates that these proteins have successfully retained their biological function and indispensability, even in the presence of the type I IFNs. The expansion of IFN-λ genes in amphibians and camels have led to the evolution of multiple IFN-λ. The CNV can arise from gene duplication and conversion events. The qPCR-based absolute quantification revealed that IFN-λ3 and IFN-λ4 have more than 1 copy in buffalo (Murrah) and 6 cattle breeds (Sahiwal, Tharparkar, Kankrej, Red Sindhi, Jersey, and Holstein Friesian). Overall, these findings highlight the evolutionary diversity and functional significance of IFN-λ in tetrapod species.
Transient composition of the thrips species (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) infesting mulberry in southern India: first report of two, including the dominating invasive pestThrips parvispinus
Authors: Sreerama Kumar Prakya , Rachana Rajan Remani , Amarendra Bellapu , Sheela Nanjundaiah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlerted by the steady upsurge of thrips infestation that led to drastic leaf-yield losses in mulberry, we investigated the composition of thrips species damaging the crop in the south Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu from 2017 to 2023. The 5 species recorded included 3 previously recognized mulberry pests—Bathrips melanicornis, Pseudodendrothrips darci, and Scirtothrips dorsalis—and 2 newly encountered pests, namely Thrips palmi and Thrips parvispinus. At Handenahalli village in Anekal taluk of Bengaluru Urban district in Karnataka, where multiple thrips species simultaneously infested mulberry, the typical downward curling of leaves was ascribed to T. parvispinus. This was in contrast to the upward curling caused by the sole infestation of P. darci, the most common species infesting mulberry across the 3 states. Diagnostic characters of all the reported species are presented here along with the identification keys and photomicrographs. Thrips parvispinus as a new pest of mulberry warrants special attention given the economic loss caused by this highly polyphagous invasive species in chili in southern India during the latter half of 2021. Its presence in the transient composition of mulberry-infesting thrips species signals the possibility of it becoming a regular pest in the future with serious repercussions for the moriculture and sericulture sectors.
Docetaxel-oxaliplatin-capecitabine/5-fluorouracil (DOX/F) followed by docetaxel versus oxaliplatin-capecitabine/5-fluorouracil (CAPOX/FOLFOX) in HER2-negative advanced gastric cancers
Authors: Ramaswamy Anant , Bhargava Prabhat , Dubashi Biswajit , Gupta Anuj , Kapoor Akhil , Srinivas Sujay , Shetty Omshree , Jadhav Poonam , Desai Veena , Noronha Vanita , Joshi Amit , Menon Nandini , Patil Vijay M , Mishra Bal Krishna , Sansar Bipinesh , Singh Arpita , Patel Swapnil , Singh Satyendra Narayan , Dhal Ipsita , Vinayak Kunal Ranjan , Pal Vikash , Mandavkar Sarika , Kannan Sadhana , Chaugule Deepali , Patil Rajshree , Parulekar Manali , Nashikkar Chaitali , Ankathi Suman Kumar , Kaushal Rajiv Kumar , Shah Aekta , Ganesan Prasanth , Kayal Smita , Ananthakrishnan Ramesh , Syed Noorzia , Samaddar Debdeep , Kapu Venkatesh , Shah Anokhi , Kaaviya D , Suganiya R , Srinivasan Nirmala Devi , Prabhash Kumar , Ostwal Vikas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
We evaluated whether the addition of docetaxel (D) to a combination comprising 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5-FU/LV) or capecitabine (C) plus oxaliplatin (O) (DOF/DOX) improved overall survival (OS) compared with 6 months of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or capecitabine in combination with oxaliplatin (FOLFOX/CAPOX) alone in advanced HER2-negative gastroesophageal junction and gastric adenocarcinomas (G/GEJ).

Methods
This study was an investigator-initiated, open-label, multi-institutional, randomized phase III trial in adult patients with HER2-negative advanced G/GEJs. The primary endpoint of the study was a comparison of median OS by Kaplan-Meier method. Next-generation sequencing was performed on tissue.

Results
Of the 324 patients randomly assigned between July 2020 and November 2022, 305 patients were evaluable for analysis (FOLFOX/CAPOX: 156; DOF/DOX: 149). With a median follow-up time of 19.2 months (95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 16.5 months to 21.9 months) for the entire cohort, the median OS was 10.1 months (95% CI = 9.2 to 10.9) for FOLFOX/CAPOX and 8.9 months (95% CI = 7.3 to 10.5) for DOF/DOX, and this difference was not statistically significant (P = .70). An increased proportion of grade 3 or grade 4 neutropenia (21% vs 3%; P &lt; .001) and grade 2/3 neuropathy (17% vs 7%; P = .005) was seen in patients receiving DOF/DOX. Genomic profiling revealed a low incidence of microsatellite instability (1%) and a high incidence of BRCA1 (8.4%) and BRCA2 (7.5%) somatic alterations.

Conclusion
FOLFOX or CAPOX chemotherapy for 6 months remains one of the standards of care in advanced HER2-negative gastroesophageal junction and gastric adenocarcinomas, with no additional survival benefit seen with the addition of docetaxel. Genomic profiling of patients revealed a higher than previously known incidence of somatic BRCA alterations, which requires further evaluation.
CTRI (Clinical Trial Registry of India: CTRI/2020/03/023944).
Serial properties, selector proofs and the provability of consistency
Authors: Artemov Sergei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The consistency of a theory means that each of its formal derivations $D_{0}, D_{1}, D_{2}, \ldots $ is free of contradictions. For Peano Arithmetic PA, after the standard coding of derivations by numerals, PA-consistency is directly represented by the consistency scheme $\textsf{Con}^{S}_{\textsf{PA}}$, which is a series of arithmetical statements ‘$n$ is not a code of a derivation of $\ (0=1)$’ for numerals $n=0,1,2,\ldots $. We note that the consistency formula $\textsf{Con}_{\textsf{PA}}$, $\forall x$ ‘$x$ is not a code of a derivation of $(0=1)$,’ is strictly stronger in PA than PA-consistency and corresponds to some other property, which we call uniform consistency. When studying the provability of consistency in PA we ought to work not with the consistency formula $\textsf{Con}_{\textsf{PA}}$ but rather with the consistency scheme $\textsf{Con}^{S}_{\textsf{PA}}$, which adequately represents PA-consistency. This paper introduces the Hilbert-inspired notion of proof of an infinite series of formulas in a theory and proves PA-consistency in the form $\textsf{Con}^{S}_{\textsf{PA}}$ in PA. These findings show that PA proves its consistency whereas, by Gödel’s second incompleteness theorem, PA cannot prove its uniform consistency.
The effects of sarilumab as monotherapy and in combination with non-methotrexate disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs on unacceptable pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A post-hoc analysis of the HARUKA phase 3 study
Authors: Tanaka Yoshiya , Takahashi Toshiya , van Hoogstraten Hubert , Kato Naoto , Kameda Hideto 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To investigate unacceptable pain [UP; visual analogue scale (VAS) &gt;40 mm] and uncontrolled inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥1.0 mg/dL] in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving sarilumab (SAR) as monotherapy or in combination with non-methotrexate conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (SAR + csDMARDs).

Methods
In the HARUKA Phase 3 study (NCT02373202), Japanese patients received either SAR monotherapy (n = 61) or SAR + csDMARDs (n = 30). In this post-hoc analysis, changes in the proportions of patients with/without UP and controlled/uncontrolled inflammation were assessed over 52 weeks.

Results
At baseline, 80.3% (49/61) of patients receiving SAR monotherapy had UP and this proportion decreased with treatment to 55.9% (33/59) at Week 4 and 15.5% (9/58) at Week 52. The SAR + csDMARDs group achieved a reduction in UP from 73.3% (22/30) at baseline to 34.5% (10/29) at Week 4 and 0% (0/24) by Week 52. At baseline, 34.4% (21/61) and 50% (15/30) of patients had both UP and uncontrolled inflammation in the SAR monotherapy and SAR + csDMARDs groups; by Week 2, the proportions decreased to 6.6% (4/61) and 3.3% (1/30), respectively; and 0% in both groups by Week 52.

Conclusion
UP and inflammation were reduced in patients with active RA in Japan in both SAR monotherapy and SAR + csDMARDs treatment groups.
Genomic background sequences systematically outperform synthetic ones in de novo motif discovery for ChIP-seq data
Authors: Raditsa Vladimir V , Tsukanov Anton V , Bogomolov Anton G , Levitsky Victor G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Efficient de novo motif discovery from the results of wide-genome mapping of transcription factor binding sites (ChIP-seq) is dependent on the choice of background nucleotide sequences. The foreground sequences (ChIP-seq peaks) represent not only specific motifs of target transcription factors, but also the motifs overrepresented throughout the genome, such as simple sequence repeats. We performed a massive comparison of the ‘synthetic’ and ‘genomic’ approaches to generate background sequences for de novo motif discovery. The ‘synthetic’ approach shuffled nucleotides in peaks, while in the ‘genomic’ approach selected sequences from the reference genome randomly or only from gene promoters according to the fraction of A/T nucleotides in each sequence. We compiled the benchmark collections of ChIP-seq datasets for mouse, human and Arabidopsis, and performed de novo motif discovery. We showed that the genomic approach has both more robust detection of the known motifs of target transcription factors and more stringent exclusion of the simple sequence repeats as possible non-specific motifs. The advantage of the genomic approach over the synthetic approach was greater in plants compared to mammals. We developed the AntiNoise web service (https://denovosea.icgbio.ru/antinoise/) that implements a genomic approach to extract genomic background sequences for twelve eukaryotic genomes.
Correlated crustal and mantle melting documents proto-Tibetan Plateau growth
Authors: Li Wei , He Rizheng , Yuan Xiaohui , Schneider Felix , Tilmann Frederik , Guo Zhen , Chen Yongshun John 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The mechanism that causes the rapid uplift and active magmatism of the Hoh-Xil Basin in the northern Tibetan Plateau and hence the outward growth of the proto-plateau is highly debated, more specifically, over the relationship between deep dynamics and surface uplift. Until recently the Hoh-Xil Basin remained uncovered by seismic networks due to inaccessibility. Here, based on linear seismic arrays across the Hoh-Xil Basin, we present a three-dimensional S-wave velocity (VS) model of the crust and uppermost mantle structure beneath the Tibetan Plateau from ambient noise tomography. This model exhibits a widespread partially molten crust in the northern Tibetan Plateau but only isolated pockets in the south manifested as low-VS anomalies in the middle crust. The spatial correlation of the widespread low-VS anomalies with strong uppermost mantle low-VS anomalies and young exposed magmatic rocks in the Hoh-Xil Basin suggests that the plateau grew through lithospheric mantle removal and its driven magmatism.
Outcome of Corynebacterial Bloodstream Infection in Patients With Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: A Brief Report and Systematic Review
Authors: Chesdachai Supavit , Baddour Larry M , Sohail M Rizwan , Palraj Bharath Raj , Madhavan Malini , Tabaja Hussam , McGinnis Michele T , Fida Madiha , Challener Douglas W , DeSimone Daniel C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cardiac implantable electronic device infection in the context of corynebacterial bloodstream infection (BSI) remains poorly understood. From 2012 to 2023 at Mayo Clinic, 4 of 12 patients with corynebacterial BSI had cardiac implantable electronic device infection: 1 patient was diagnosed during a relapsing BSI episode. Undefined source, persistent BSI, and the presence of a prosthetic cardiac valve were common characteristics.
Gang Rule: Understanding and Countering Criminal Governance
Authors: Blattman Christopher , Duncan Gustavo , Lessing Benjamin , Tobón Santiago 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Criminal groups govern millions worldwide. Even in strong states, gangs resolve disputes and provide security. Why do these duopolies of coercion emerge? Often, gangs fill vacuums of official power, suggesting that increasing state presence should crowd out criminal governance. We show, however, that state and gang rule can be strategic complements. In particular, gangs could minimize seizures and arrests by keeping neighbourhoods orderly and loyal. If true, increasing state presence could increase incentives for gang rule. In Medellín, Colombia, criminal leaders told us they rule to protect drug rents from police. We test gang responses to state presence using a geographic discontinuity. Internal border changes in 1987 assigned blocks to be closer or further from state security for three decades. Gangs exogenously closer to state presence developed more governance over time. They primarily did so in neighbourhoods with the greatest potential drug rents. This suggests new strategies for countering criminal governance.