bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Killing us softly: Investigating the aesthetics, philosophy and influence of Nordic Noir television
Authors: Creeber Glen 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This article will investigate a form of Scandinavian crime fiction known as Nordic Noir, primarily focusing on examples from Swedish and Danish television. First, it will set out and explain the genre’s major narrative and aesthetic characteristics, offering illustration from serials such as Wallander (2005–2014), Forbrydelsen (2007–2012) and Broen (2011–). It will then explain how these techniques are specifically designed in order to explore a number of moral, social and ‘philosophical’ concerns. Finally, it will reveal how the genre has influenced recent examples of television drama found in Britain and America, focusing on Broadchurch (2013–), The Fall (2013–) and True Detective (2014–). The conclusion will argue that Nordic Noir’s global influence is now helping to reinvent a new breed of miniseries, one that is uniquely suited to the requirements of the new broadcasting age.
Twin pregnancy in each half of a didelphys uterus with delayed delivery and review of literature
Authors: Levy Galya , Mottet Nicolas , Fourel Marianne , Tholozan Anne-Sarah , Eckman Astrid , Ramanah Rajeev , Riethmuller Didier 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Didelphys uterus results from an incomplete fusion of mullerian ducts and corresponds to the class III of mullerian abnormalities of the American Fertility Society. We describe the case of a spontaneous twin pregnancy developed in each cavity of a didelphys uterus. At 29 weeks of gestation and 6 days, the patient had preterm rupture of membranes in the right horn. She went into spontaneous labor and delivered vaginally the first “right” twin. Delivery was complicated with post-partum hemorrhage on uterine atonia treated with a Bakri balloon. She was tocolyzed to pursue the fetal lung maturity of the second twin. She had a rupture of the second membranes at 30 weeks and 3 days and had a preterm vaginal delivery at 32 weeks and 1 day of the second twin. Twin pregnancy in both horns of a uterus is extremely rare, about 1 in 1,000,000. Pregnancies on congenital abnormalities of the paramesonephric duct present frequently poor obstetrical outcomes and many complications. There are no guidelines about the follow-up of these high-risk patients or the mode of delivery.
New positions for peptide presentation in Potato virus X capsid protein
Authors: Vaculik Petr , Plchova Helena , Moravec Tomas , Cerovska Noemi 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Potato virus X (PVX) is widely used as a peptide
presentation system in plant biotechnology, mostly for
transient expression of desired peptides fused to the
N-terminus of its capsid protein (CP). Here we describe
testing/investigation of new positions for peptide
presentation based on seven putative surface loops of
PVX CP. We performed bacterial expression of fourteen
different PVX CPs modified by the insertion of the epitope
derived from the E7 oncoprotein (E7 epitope) of Human
papillomavirus type 16 fused with His tag. The expression
from vector pMPM-A4Ω in Escherichia coli MC1061 was
performed to evaluate the capacity of the PVX CP platform
to tolerate the insertion of E7 epitope fused with His tag
in the seven putative surface loops. The immunological
characteristics of expressed epitopes were assessed
by Western blot using both anti-PVX CP and anti-His
antibodies and by immunoelectron microscopy.
Daily dynamics of photosynthetic parameters
in beech population under periodical drought
conditions
Authors: Borišev Milan , Horak Rita , Pajević Slobodanka , Orlović Saša , Nikolić Nataša , Župunski Milan , Pilipović Andrej 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The paper presents the impact of periodic
soil drought on physiological parameters important
for bioproductivity of mountain beech populations.
The investigated forest population was located near
Fruška gora mountain peak, where water runs off quickly,
and consequently lack of soil humidity develops very
often. Decreasing trends of photosynthesis, transpiration,
water use efficiency and stomatal conductance (gs) during
the growing season were evident, in correlation with a
shortage of precipitation. Diurnally, photosynthesis of
beech leaves showed rhythmical changes. It was the most
intensive in the morning, then decreased between noon
and 1 pm, and increased again during early afternoon.
High leaf temperature and water deficit in the deeper
soil layers caused a decreasing trend in photosynthesis
and daily rhythmic changes of the transpiration rate and
water use efficiency. Although surface soil water capacity
did not show a significant decreasing trend from July to
September, a lack of precipitation was observed, which
probably caused a lack of moisture in deeper soil layers,
resulting in a decline in photosynthesis and transpiration.
Physiological status, linked to primary photosynthetic
productivity of forests, could be a significant indicator of
environmental conditions and trends in climate changes.
Determination of 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies: inter-laboratory concordance in the Euradrenal International Serum Exchange Program
Authors: Falorni Alberto , Bini Vittorio , Betterle Corrado , Brozzetti Annalisa , Castaño Luis , Fichna Marta , Kämpe Olle , Mellgren Gunnar , Peterson Pärt , Chen Shu , Rönnelid Johan , Seissler Jochen , Tiberti Claudio , Uibo Raivo , Yu Liping , Lernmark Åke , Husebye Eystein 
Published: March 2015

Abstract21-Hydroxylase autoantibodies (21OHAb) are markers of an adrenal autoimmune process that identifies individuals with autoimmune Addison’s disease (AAD). Quality and inter-laboratory agreement of various 21OHAb tests are incompletely known. The objective of the study was to determine inter-laboratory concordance for 21OHAb determinations.Sixty-nine sera from 51 patients with AAD and 51 sera from 51 healthy subjects were blindly coded by a randomization center and distributed to 14 laboratories that determined 21OHAb, either by an “in-house” assay (n=9) using in vitro-translatedIntra-assay coefficient of variation ranged from 2.6% to 5.3% for laboratories using the commercial kit and from 5.1% to 23% for laboratories using “in-house” assays. Diagnostic accuracy, expressed as area under ROC curve (AUC), varied from 0.625 to 0.947 with the commercial kit and from 0.562 to 0.978 with “in-house” methods. Cohen’s κ of inter-rater agreement was 0.603 among all 14 laboratories, 0.691 among “in-house” laboratories, and 0.502 among commercial kit users. Optimized cutoff levels, calculated on the basis of AUCs, increased the diagnostic accuracy of every laboratory (AUC >0.9 for 11/14 laboratories) and increased the Cohen’s κ of inter-rater agreement. Discrepancies in quantitation of 21OHAb levels among different laboratories increased with increasing autoantibody levels.The quality of 21OHAb analytical procedures is mainly influenced by selection of cutoff value and correct handling of assay materials. A standardization program is needed to identify common standard sera and common measuring units.
Combined silencing expression of MGMT with EGFR or galectin-1 enhances the sensitivity of glioblastoma to temozolomide
Authors: Messaoudi Khaled , Clavreul Anne , Danhier Fabienne , Saulnier Patrick , Benoit Jean-Pierre , Lagarce Frederic 
Published: March 2015

AbstractFor several years, the first line of treatment of glioblastoma (GB) patients is based on surgical resection followed by fractioned radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). The effectiveness of this treatment is very limited due to the development by tumor cells of mechanisms of resistance to TMZ such as over-expression of O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and galectin-1. In this study, we hypothesized that the targeting of MGMT, EGFR and galectin-1 (alone or in combination) by specifics siRNAs carried by chitosan-lipid nanocapsules (chitosan-LNCs) could enhance the sensitivity of U87MG cells to TMZ. We showed in vitro that (i) anti-MGMT and (ii) anti-EGFR or anti-galectin-1 siRNAs decreased significantly the expression of their corresponding proteins and increased the sensitivity of U87MG cells to TMZ. Additionally, the sensitivity of U87MG/MGMT- cells to TMZ was significantly increased when anti-EGFR and anti-galectin-1 siRNAs were combined with a percentage of living cells of 17.8±1.6% at 0.5 mg/mL concentration of TMZ. The combination of anti-MGMT siRNAs with either anti-EGFR or anti-galectin-1 siRNAs enhanced the sensitivity of U87MG/MGMT+ cells to TMZ in comparison to their separately use. No difference was observed between the association of the three siRNAs and other associations. At 0.5 mg/mL concentration of TMZ, the percentage of living cells decreased from 55.1±1.9% to 36.0±4.1% for anti-MGMT alone and the combination of anti-MGMT/anti-galectin-1/anti-EGFR siRNAs, respectively. These siRNA nanovectors represent a good alternative to enhance the effectiveness of the standard treatment of GB. This method could be implemented in future preclinical models for experimental cancer treatment of GB.
Tributylhexadecylphosphonium bromide: an efficient reagent system for the one-pot synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles
Authors: Heidari Mohammad , Rezaei Mohsen , Badri Rashid 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The reaction of benzil, an aromatic aldehyde, and ammonium acetate in ethanol at reflux in the presence of tributylhexadecylphosphonium bromide as catalyst affords a 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazole. The present methodology offers several advantages over the literature methods, including excellent yields, shorter reaction times, environmentally benign milder reaction conditions, cost-effectiveness of catalyst, easy workup, and purification of products by nonchromatographic methods.
Synthesis and properties of multifunctional nitroxyl radical hindered-amine light stabilizers
Authors: Zhang Wen , Liu Dong , Hua Chengwen , Zhao Junlong , Chen Bang , Gou Xiaofeng 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
A series of novel nitroxyl radical hindered-amine light stabilizer monomers were designed and synthesized from 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl-4-ol, cyanuric chloride, allylamine, and 2-hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole derivatives. Structures of the new stabilizers were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, ESI-HRMS, and element analysis. The synthesized compounds 5a–f were evaluated for their antioxidant and antiaging properties, and a significant stabilizing effect against photodegradation was found.
Wettability of organically coated tridymite surface – molecular dynamics study
Authors: Šolc Roland , Tunega Daniel , Gerzabek Martin H. , Woche Susanne K. , Bachmann Jörg 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Classical molecular dynamics (MD) study was performed in order to explain a different wettability of silanized silica-glass surfaces prepared by using two different precursors – dichlorodimethylsilane (DCDMS) and dimethyldiethoxysilane (DMDES), respectively. Whereas the modified surface prepared by DCDMS becomes hydrophobic (contact angle (CA) of water >90°), DMDES-modified surface stays partially hydrophilic (CA ∼39°). In order to explain the observed discrepancy, several models of surfaces of trydimite with different coating by (CH3)2–Si= units were constructed and treated by water nanodroplets in the MD simulations. The models of surfaces differ by a different degree of surface coverage and/or oligomerized (CH3)2–Si= units in a lateral dimension. The simulations showed that incomplete coverage leads to a decrease of the computed CA, whereas upon lateral oligomerization the CA increases. This variation of the CA is directly related to the accessible amount of the hydroxyl groups on the surfaces and can be a possible explanation of the difference in wettability between DCDMS- and DMDES-treated glass surfaces.
Effects of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) on the performance of LGF/TPU/ABS composites
Authors: Zhou Wulei , Xiao Jian , Liu Fang , Qin Shuhao 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
A series of long glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer (LGF/TPU/ABS) composites were prepared using self-designed impregnation device. Poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) was employed to increase the compatibility between glass fiber and matrix resin and thus obtain the excellent properties of composites. The dynamic mechanical properties of the composites have been investigated using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The results indicated that the storage modulus of the composites gradually increases and then decreases with increasing compatibilizer content. In addition, the low temperature peak of the composites shifts to higher temperature with increasing compatibilizer content. The thermal properties of the composites were studied by thermogravimetric analyzer. In addition, the morphology and mechanical properties of the composites are investigated by scanning electron microscopy, a universal testing machine, and a ZBC-4 Impact Pendulum.
Comprehensive establishment and characterization of orthoxenograft mouse models of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors for personalized medicine
Authors: Castellsagué Joan , Gel Bernat , Fernández‐Rodríguez Juana , Llatjós Roger , Blanco Ignacio , Benavente Yolanda , Pérez‐Sidelnikova Diana , García‐del Muro Javier , Viñals Joan Maria , Vidal August , Valdés‐Mas Rafael , Terribas Ernest , López‐Doriga Adriana , Pujana Miguel Angel , Capellá Gabriel , Puente Xose S , Serra Eduard , Villanueva Alberto , Lázaro Conxi 
Published: March 2015

AbstractMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are soft‐tissue sarcomas that can arise either sporadically or in association with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). These aggressive malignancies confer poor survival, with no effective therapy available. We present the generation and characterization of five distinct MPNST orthoxenograft models for preclinical testing and personalized medicine. Four of the models are patient‐derived tumor xenografts (PDTX), two independent MPNSTs from the same NF1 patient and two from different sporadic patients. The fifth model is an orthoxenograft derived from an NF1‐related MPNST cell line. All MPNST orthoxenografts were generated by tumor implantation, or cell line injection, next to the sciatic nerve of nude mice, and were perpetuated by 7–10 mouse‐to‐mouse passages. The models reliably recapitulate the histopathological properties of their parental primary tumors. They also mimic distal dissemination properties in mice. Human stroma was rapidly lost after MPNST engraftment and replaced by murine stroma, which facilitated genomic tumor characterization. Compatible with an origin in a catastrophic event and subsequent genome stabilization, MPNST contained highly altered genomes that remained remarkably stable in orthoxenograft establishment and along passages. Mutational frequency and type of somatic point mutations were highly variable among the different MPNSTs modeled, but very consistent when comparing primary tumors with matched orthoxenografts generated. Unsupervised cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) using an MPNST expression signature of ~1,000 genes grouped together all primary tumor–orthoxenograft pairs. Our work points to differences in the engraftment process of primary tumors compared with the engraftment of established cell lines. Following standardization and extensive characterization and validation, the orthoxenograft models were used for initial preclinical drug testing. Sorafenib (a BRAF inhibitor), in combination with doxorubicin or rapamycin, was found to be the most effective treatment for reducing MPNST growth. The development of genomically well‐characterized preclinical models for MPNST allowed the evaluation of novel therapeutic strategies for personalized medicine.
Incidence of primary cancers and intracranial tumour recurrences in GH-treated and untreated adult hypopituitary patients: analyses from the Hypopituitary Control and Complications Study
Authors: Child Christopher J , Conroy Daniel , Zimmermann Alan G , Woodmansee Whitney W , Erfurth Eva Marie , Robison Leslie L 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveSpeculation remains that GH treatment is associated with increased neoplasia risk. Studies in GH-treated childhood cancer survivors suggested higher rates of second neoplasms, while cancer risk data for GH-treated and untreated hypopituitary adults have been variable. We present primary cancer risk data from the Hypopituitary Control and Complications Study (HypoCCS) with a focus on specific cancers, and assessment of recurrence rates for pituitary adenomas (PA) and craniopharyngiomas (CP).DesignIncident neoplasms during HypoCCS were evaluated in 8418 GH-treated vs 1268 untreated patients for primary malignancies, 3668 GH-treated vs 720 untreated patients with PA history, and 956 GH-treated vs 102 untreated patients with CP history.MethodsUsing population cancer rates, standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for all primary cancers, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers. Neoplasm rates in GH-treated vs untreated patients were analysed after propensity score adjustment of baseline treatment group imbalances.ResultsDuring mean follow-up of 4.8 years, 225 primary cancers were identified in GH-treated patients, with SIR of 0.82 (95% CI 0.71–0.93). SIRs (95% CI) for GH-treated patients were 0.59 (0.36–0.90) for breast, 0.80 (0.57–1.10) for prostate, and 0.62 (0.38–0.96) for colorectal cancers. Cancer risk was not statistically different between GH-treated and untreated patients (relative risk (RR)=1.00 (95% CI 0.70–1.41), P=0.98). Adjusted RR for recurrence was 0.91 (0.68–1.22), P=0.53 for PA and 1.32 (0.53–3.31), P=0.55 for CP.ConclusionsThere was no increased risk for all-site cancers: breast, prostate or colorectal primary cancers in GH-treated patients during HypoCCS. GH treatment did not increase the risk of PA and CP recurrences.
Limited Portability of G-Patch Domains in Regulators of the Prp43 RNA Helicase Required for Pre-mRNA Splicing and Ribosomal RNA Maturation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Banerjee Daipayan , McDaniel Peter M , Rymond Brian C 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The Prp43 DExD/H-box protein is required for progression of the biochemically distinct pre-messenger RNA and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) maturation pathways. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Spp382/Ntr1, Sqs1/Pfa1, and Pxr1/Gno1 proteins are implicated as cofactors necessary for Prp43 helicase activation during spliceosome dissociation (Spp382) and rRNA processing (Sqs1 and Pxr1). While otherwise dissimilar in primary sequence, these Prp43-binding proteins each contain a short glycine-rich G-patch motif required for function and thought to act in protein or nucleic acid recognition. Here yeast two-hybrid, domain-swap, and site-directed mutagenesis approaches are used to investigate G-patch domain activity and portability. Our results reveal that the Spp382, Sqs1, and Pxr1 G-patches differ in Prp43 two-hybrid response and in the ability to reconstitute the Spp382 and Pxr1 RNA processing factors. G-patch protein reconstitution did not correlate with the apparent strength of the Prp43 two-hybrid response, suggesting that this domain has function beyond that of a Prp43 tether. Indeed, while critical for Pxr1 activity, the Pxr1 G-patch appears to contribute little to the yeast two-hybrid interaction. Conversely, deletion of the primary Prp43 binding site within Pxr1 (amino acids 102–149) does not impede rRNA processing but affects small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) biogenesis, resulting in the accumulation of slightly extended forms of select snoRNAs, a phenotype unexpectedly shared by the prp43 loss-of-function mutant. These and related observations reveal differences in how the Spp382, Sqs1, and Pxr1 proteins interact with Prp43 and provide evidence linking G-patch identity with pathway-specific DExD/H-box helicase activity.
Cleft and Craniofacial Coding in ICD-10
Authors: Taub Peter J. , Silver Lester 
Published: March 2015

Objective With the gradual replacement of the ICD-9 coding system by the newer ICD-10 system, there is a need to critically evaluate how the system improves—or fails to improve—the coding of specific cleft and craniofacial anomalies. The following review examines the new system and the key components for practitioners who treat patients with such anomalies. Conclusions While seemingly beneficial in certain respects, the newer ICD-10 system remains far from ideal for cleft and craniofacial anomalies. With future iterations of the system, a more concerted effort to precisely code such anomalies is warranted, which will likely require input from key practitioners.
Guidelines for constructing allometric models for the prediction of woody biomass: How many individuals to harvest?
Authors: Roxburgh S. H. , Paul K. I. , Clifford D. , England J. R. , Raison R. J. 
Published: March 2015

The recent development of biomass markets and carbon trading has led to increasing interest in obtaining accurate estimates of woody biomass production. Aboveground woody biomass (B) is often estimated indirectly using allometric models, where representative individuals are harvested and weighed, and regression analyses used to generalise the relationship between individual mass and more readily measured non‐destructive attributes such as plant height and stem diameter (D). To satisfy regulatory requirements and/or to provide market confidence, allometric models must be based on sufficient data to ensure predictions are accurate, whilst at the same time being practically and financially achievable.Using computer resampling experiments and allometric models of the formB=aDbthe trade‐off between increasing the sample size of individuals to construct an allometric model and the accuracy of the resulting biomass predictions was assessed. A range of algorithms for selecting individuals across the stem diameter size‐class range were also explored. The results showed marked variability across allometric models in the required number of individuals to satisfy a given level of precision. A range of 17–95 individuals were required to achieve biomass predictions with a standard deviation within 5% of the mean for the best performing stem diameter selection algorithm, while 25–166 individuals were required for the poorest. This variability arises from (a) inherent uncertainty in the relationship between diameter and biomass across allometric models, and (b) differences between the diameter size‐class distribution of individuals used to construct a model, and the diameter size‐class distribution of the population to which the model is applied.Allometric models are a key component of quantifying land‐based sequestration activities, but despite their importance little attention has been given to ensuring the methods used in their development will yield sufficiently accurate biomass predictions. The results from this study address this gap and will be of use in guiding the development of new allometric models; in assessing the suitability of existing allometric models; and in facilitating the estimation of uncertainty in biomass predictions.