bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Release of growth factors from a reinforced collagen GAG matrix supplemented with platelet rich plasma: Influence on cultured human meniscal cells
Authors: Howard Daniel , Shepherd Jenny H. , Kew Simon J. , Hernandez Paula , Ghose Siddhartha , Wardale John A. , Rushton Neil 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTDamage to meniscal cartilage has been strongly linked to accelerated articular wear and consequently to osteoarthritis. Damage might be ameliorated by delivery of growth factors from platelet rich plasma (PRP) via a fiber reinforced collagen matrix designed for meniscal repair. PRP composition, release of growth factors, and influence on meniscal cell growth and gene expression were investigated. PRP was prepared using Harvest Smartprep (HS‐PRP), Cascade Fibrinet (CF‐PRP), and a simple centrifuge protocol (DC‐PRP) from four donors each. CF‐PRP had the highest ratio of platelets, with very few other blood cell types. HS‐PRP had the highest total number of platelets but also contained high levels of red and white blood cells. Absorbed to collagen matrices HS‐PRP released the highest levels of TGF‐β1 and PDGF‐AB with DC‐PRP the most IGF‐1. Cumulative release from collagen matrix was 48 ng/cm3IGF‐1, 96 ng/cm3TGF‐β1, and 9.6 ng/cm3PDGF‐AB. Collagen matrix with PRP was able to increase meniscal cell number above peripheral whole blood and up‐regulated gene expression of Aggrecan, Collagen type I (α1), and Elastin (3.3 ± 0.8‐fold, 2.9 ± 0.6‐fold, 4.0 ± 1.4‐fold, respectively). Demonstrating that PRP combined with fiber reinforced collagen matrix could influence meniscal cells and might be of use for treating meniscal defects. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:273–278, 2014.
Biomechanical comparison of fixed‐ and mobile‐bearing for unicomparmental knee arthroplasty using finite element analysis
Authors: Kwon Oh‐Ryong , Kang Kyoung‐Tak , Son Juhyun , Kwon Sae‐Kwang , Jo Seung‐Bae , Suh Dong‐Suk , Choi Yun‐Jin , Kim Ho‐Joong , Koh Yong‐Gon 
Published: October 2013

AbstractUnicomparmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a popular alternative to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and high tibial osteotomy for unicompartmental knee conditions, especially in young patients. However, failure of UKA occurs due to either progressive osteoarthritis (OA) in the other compartment or wear on the polyethylene (PE) insert. This study used finite element (FE) analysis to investigate the effects of PE insert contact pressure and stress in opposite compartments for fixed‐ and mobile‐bearing UKA. Analysis was performed using high kinematics displacement and rotation inputs, which were based on the kinematics of the natural knee. ISO standards were used for axial load and flexion. The mobile‐bearing PE insert had lower contact pressure than the fixed‐bearing PE insert. With the mobile‐bearing UKA, lower stress on the opposite compartment reduces the overall risk of progressive OA in the knee. The fixed‐bearing UKA increases the overall risk of progressive OA in the knee due to higher stress on the opposite compartment. However, the PE insert of mobile‐bearing showed pronounced backside stress at the inferior surface. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:338–345, 2014.
The role of water and mineral–collagen interfacial bonding on microdamage progression in bone
Authors: Luo Qing , Leng Huijie , Wang Xiaodu , Zhou Yanheng , Rong Qiguo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMicrodamage would be accumulated in bone due to high‐intensity training or even normal daily activity, which may consequently cause fragility fracture or stress fracture. On the other hand, microdamage formation serves as a toughening mechanism in bone. However, the mechanisms that control microdamage initiation and accumulation in bone are still poorly understood. Our previous finite element model indicated that different interfacial properties between mineral and collagen in bone may lead to distinct patterns of microdamage accumulation. Therefore, the current study was designed to examine such prediction and to investigate the role of water and mineral–collagen interactions on microdamage accumulation in bone. To address these issues, 48 mice femurs were divided randomly into four groups. These groups were dehydrated or treated with perfluorotripropylamine (PFTA) or NaF solution to change water distribution and mineral–collagen interfacial bonding in bone. After three‐point bending fatigue tests, the types of microdamage (i.e., linear microcracks or diffuse damage) formed in bone were compared between different groups. The results suggested that (1) bone tissues with strong mineral–collagen interfacial bonding facilitate the formation of linear microcraks, and (2) water has little contribution to the growth of microcracks. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:217–223, 2014.
Partitioning of carbon and nitrogen during decomposition of 13C15N‐labeled beech and ash leaf litter
Authors: Langenbruch Christina , Helfrich Mirjam , Joergensen Rainer Georg , Gordon Jennifer , Flessa Heinz 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the influence of leaf‐litter type (i.e., European beech—Fagus sylvatica L. and European ash—Fraxinus excelsior L.) and leaf‐litter mixture on the partitioning of leaf‐litter C and N between the O horizon, the topsoil, the soil microbial biomass, and the CO2 emission during decomposition. In a mature beech stand of Hainich National Park, Thuringia, Germany, undisturbed soil cores (∅︁ 24 cm) were transferred to plastic cylinders and the original leaf litter was either replaced by 13C15N‐labeled beech or ash leaf litter, or leaf‐litter‐mixture treatments in which only one of the two leaf‐litter types was labeled. Leaf‐litter‐derived CO2‐C flux was measured every second week over a period of one year. Partitioning of leaf‐litter C and N to the soil and microbial biomass was measured 5 and 10 months after the start of the experiment. Ash leaf litter decomposed faster than beech leaf litter. The decomposition rate was negatively related to initial leaf‐litter lignin and positively to initial Ca concentrations. The mixture of both leaf‐litter types led to enhanced decomposition of ash leaf litter. However, it did not affect beech leaf‐litter decomposition. After 5 and 10 months of in situ incubation, recoveries of leaf‐litter‐derived C and N in the O horizon (7%–20% and 9%–35%, respectively) were higher than in the mineral soil (1%–5% and 3%–8%, respectively) showing no leaf‐litter‐type or leaf‐litter‐mixture effect. Partitioning of leaf‐litter‐derived C and N to microbial biomass in the upper mineral soil (< 1% of total leaf‐litter C and 2%–3% of total leaf‐litter N) did not differ between beech and ash. The results show that short‐term partitioning of leaf‐litter C and N to the soil after 10 months was similar for ash and beech leaf litter under standardized field conditions, even though mineralization was faster for ash leaf litter than for beech leaf litter.
Early to mid‐Holocene rapid sea‐level rise and coastal response on the southern Yangtze delta plain, China
Authors: WANG ZHANGHUA , ZHAN QING , LONG HAIYAN , SAITO YOSHIKI , GAO XIAOQIN , WU XUXU , LI LIN , ZHAO YANAN 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTWe used accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C‐dated sediments of the Holocene basal supratidal flat to upper tidal flat facies in 11 cores on the southern Yangtze delta plain to reconstruct relative sea levels of 8.5–8.0 cal ka BP. Three cores were further AMS 14C dated and used to examine the evolution of sedimentary geomorphological environments in response to the rapid sea‐level rise during the early to mid‐Holocene. Results demonstrate relative sea‐level rise of around 30 mm a−1 from 8.5 to 8.3 cal ka BP and around 10 mm a−1 from 8.3 to 8.0 cal ka BP. Retrogradation from supratidal to lower tidal flat environments occurred in response to the rapid sea‐level rise at 8.5–8.3 cal ka BP, and aggradation from middle to upper tidal flat occurred at 8.3–7.9 cal ka BP. Further retreat of the tidal flat at 7.9–7.2 cal ka BP implies a mean sea‐level rise rate exceeding 5 mm a−1 at this time. We suggest that the rapid relative sea‐level rise during 8.3–8.5 cal ka BP and subsequent slower rise caused drastic changes in the coastal zone and that these changes are key phenomena for understanding the coastal response to future sea‐level rise.
Detection of the potential tumor marker of AFP using surface‐enhanced Raman scattering‐based immunoassay
Authors: Wang Aijing , Ruan Weidong , Song Wei , Chen Lei , Zhao Bing , Jung Young Mee , Wang Xu 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe development of rapid, highly sensitive detection methods for α‐fetoprotein (AFP) is very important. As hepatocellular carcinoma is closely related to the level of AFP in the blood, it is necessary to maintain an AFP concentration below the safety limit. In this paper, we propose a universal, rapid, sensitive, and highly specific immunoassay system utilizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). This new system features a sandwich structure combining mercaptobenzoic acid‐labeled immunogold nanoparticles with the antigen and the antibody atop a pre‐designed substrate made of a glass slide modified with AuNPs. This SERS‐based immunoassay can detect AFP concentrations as low as 100 pg/ml, which is a significant improvement on the capabilities of the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. A good linear relationship between the SERS peak intensity and the logarithm of antigen concentrations (from 1 ng/ml to 100 ng/ml) was observed. This technique provides an effective model for the detection of biomarkers in medical diagnostics, criminal investigation, and other fields. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of volatile compounds associated with the aroma of white strawberries (Fragaria chiloensis)
Authors: Prat Loreto , Espinoza María Inés , Agosin Eduardo , Silva Herman 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDFragaria chiloensis (L.) Mill spp. chiloensis form chiloensis, is a strawberry that produces white fruits with unique aromas. This species, endemic to Chile, is one of the progenitors of Fragaria x ananassa Duch. In order to identify the volatile compounds that might be responsible for aroma, these were extracted, and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), gas chromatography–olfactometry (GC‐O) and compared with sensory analyses.RESULTSThree methods of extraction were used: solvent‐assisted evaporation (SAFE), headspace solid phase micro‐extraction (HS‐SPME) and liquid–liquid extraction (LLE). Ninety‐nine volatile compounds were identified by GC‐MS, of which 75 showed odor activity using GC‐O. Based on the highest dilution factor (FD = 1000) and GC‐O intensity ≥2, we determined 20 major compounds in white strawberry fruit that contribute to its aroma. We chose 51 compounds to be tested against their commercial standards. The identities were confirmed by comparison of their linear retention indices against the commercial standards. The aroma of white strawberry fruits was reconstituted with a synthetic mixture of most of these compounds.CONCLUSIONThe volatile profile of white strawberry fruit described as fruity, green–fresh, floral, caramel, sweet, nutty and woody will be a useful reference for future strawberry breeding programs. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of fish oil and linseed supplementation on the protein composition of milk from cows with different β‐lactoglobulin phenotypes
Authors: Puppel Kamila , Kuczyńska Beata , Nałęcz‐Tarwacka Teresa , Sakowski Tomasz , Gołębiewski Marcin , Kunowska‐Slósarz Małgorzata , Budziński Arkadiusz , Grodzki Henryk 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to determine the impact of fish oil and linseed (FOL) supplements on the protein fraction levels of milk from cows with different phenotypes of β‐lactoglobulin.RESULTSAfter 21 days of supplementation the study showed significantly higher concentrations of whey proteins, especially lysozyme (144% increase) and lactoferrin (45.5% increase), compared with milk from control cows (total mixed ration with no supplemented FOL). A reverse trend was demonstrated for casein, casein index and casein number (lower level). The most favourable change (higher level), in terms of lactoferrin, α‐lactalbumin and bovine serum albumin contents in milk, was recorded in cows with the BB variant of β‐lactoglobulin. The highest level of lysozyme was recorded in the milk of cows with the AB variant of β‐lactoglobulin.CONCLUSIONThe combined supplementation of fish oil and linseed had a positive impact on whey proteins in cow's milk. In addition, the phenotype of β‐lactoglobulin also played a role in milk protein composition. There is therefore a clear indication that nutritional experiments should take into account not only food supplements but also the genetic variants of β‐lactoglobulin. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Microbiological quality of raw and processed wild and cultured edible snails
Authors: Parlapani Foteini F , Neofitou Christos , Boziaris Ioannis S 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn increasing interest in snail farming in Greece and other European countries has been observed. Despite the fact that edible snails have been involved with problems of Salmonella spp. contamination, there are to our knowledge only limited studies regarding microbiological safety and hygiene of such products. Enumeration of microbial populations and presence/absence of Salmonella spp. in snail meat and intestines of wild Cornu aspersum, Helix lucorum and cultured Cornu aspersum snails from indoor/outdoor type farms was conducted. Furthermore, snail‐processing steps were simulated in the laboratory and the population reduction in snail meat was determined.RESULTSMicrobial populations were higher in intestines than snail meat in almost all cases. Escherichia coli/coliforms and Enterococcus spp. populations were lower in the intestines and snail meat of cultured C. aspersum. Salmonella spp. were detected in the intestines and snail meat of wild snails only. The high levels of bacterial populations were considerably reduced after the appropriate processing.CONCLUSIONThe lower populations of E. coli/coliforms, Enterococcus spp. and especially the absence of Salmonella spp. in cultured snails show that the controlled conditions decrease the possibility of pathogen presence and contribute to food safety and public health. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Changes of DNA quality and meat physicochemical properties in bovine supraspinatus muscle during microwave heating
Authors: Musto Mauro , Faraone Daniela , Cellini Francesco , Musto Elisa 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe responses of foods to microwave exposure are usually evaluated only in terms of physicochemical properties, thus undervaluing the importance of DNA in an authentication process by methods based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In this study, the time effect of microwave heating on some meat physicochemical properties and DNA quality has been investigated.RESULTSCooking loss, instrumental colour, pH and other physicochemical parameters varied significantly during microwave cooking, reaching the lowest/highest values after 2.5 min of cooking. The exposure of meat to microwaves was found to affect characteristically the quality of extracted DNA (i.e. yield, purity and degradation). PCR products of both mitochondrial and nuclear regions were successfully observed in all samples. However, the band for large fragments became progressively fainter as treatment time increased.CONCLUSIONSMicrowave heating caused physicochemical changes in bovine supraspinatus muscle and influenced characteristically the yield and integrity of the extracted DNA, indicating that an accurate DNA quantification and a rational choice of the genes (i.e. mtDNA versus nDNA, fragment size, etc.) to be amplified are fundamental in an authentication process by PCR‐based methods. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Surgical management of non‐colorectal hepatic metastasis
Authors: Tan Marcus C.B. , Jarnagin William R. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIsolated hepatic metastases from non‐colorectal primary tumors are rare. Patients with neuroendocrine tumors have an indolent biology compared with other non‐colorectal histologies. This article discusses the surgical management options for patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases and, separately, for those with non‐colorectal, non‐neuroendocrine metastases. Emphasis is placed on the importance of patient selection, understanding the tumor biology and response to systemic therapy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:8–13. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) for peritoneal carcinomatosis: Review of animal models
Authors: Gremonprez Félix , Willaert Wouter , Ceelen Wim 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe development of suitable animal models is essential to experimental research on intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC). This review of the English literature (MEDLINE) presents a detailed analysis of current animal models and gives recommendations for future experimental research. Special consideration should be given to cytotoxic drug dose and concentration, tumor models, and outcome parameters. J. Surg. Oncol. 2014 109:110–116. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simultaneous determination of four aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in ginger and related products by HPLC with fluorescence detection after immunoaffinity column clean‐up and postcolumn photochemical derivatization
Authors: Wen Jing , Kong Weijun , Wang Jian , Yang Meihua 
Published: October 2013

Ginger, a widely used spice and traditional Chinese medicine, is prone to be contaminated by mycotoxins. A simple, sensitive, and reproducible method based on immunoaffinity column clean‐up coupled with HPLC and on‐line postcolumn photochemical derivatization with fluorescence detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of aflatoxins (AFs) B1, B2, G1, G2, and ochratoxin A (OTA) in 25 batches of gingers and related products marketed in China for the first time. The samples were first extracted by ultrasonication with methanol/water (80:20, v/v) and then cleaned up with immunoaffinity columns for analysis. Under the optimized conditions, the LODs and LOQs for the five mycotoxins were 0.03–0.3 and 0.1–0.9 μg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries ranged from 81.3–100.8% for AFs and from 88.6–99.5% for OTA at three spiking levels. Good linearity was observed for the analytes with correlation coefficients all >0.9995. All moldy gingers were contaminated with at least one kind of the five investigated mycotoxins, while none of them were found in normal gingers. Ginger powder samples were contaminated slightly with the contamination levels below the LOQs, while ginger tea bags were mainly contaminated by OTA at 1.05–1.19 μg/kg and ginger black tea bags were mainly contaminated by AFs at 3.37–5.76 μg/kg. All the contamination levels were below the legally allowable limits.
Kinetic Studies of the Ligand Substitution Reaction of Some New Uranyl Schiff Base Complexes with Tri‐n‐butylphosphine
Authors: Asadi Zahra , Asadi Mozaffar , Firuzabadi Fahimeh Dehghani 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTKinetics of the substitution reaction of solvent molecule in uranyl(VI) Schiff base complexes by tri‐n‐butylposphine as the entering nucleophile in acetonitrile at 10–40°C was studied spectrophotometrically. The second‐order rate constants for the substitution reaction of the solvent molecule were found to be (8.8 ± 0.5) × 10−3, (5.3 ± 0.2) × 10−3, (7.5 ± 0.3) × 10−3, (6.1 ± 0.3) × 10−3, (13.5 ± 1.6) × 10−3, (13.2 ± 0.9) × 10−3, (52.9 ± 0.2) × 10−3, and (88.1 ± 0.6) × 10−3 M−1 s−1 at 40°C for [UO2(Schiff base)(CH3CN)], where Schiff base = L1–L8, respectively. In a temperature dependence study, the activation parameters ΔH# and ΔS# for the reaction of uranyl complexes with PBu3 were determined. From the linear rate dependence on the concentration of PBu3, the span of k2 values and the large negative values of the activation entropy, an associative (A) mechanism is deduced for the solvent substitution. By comparing the second‐order rate constants k2, it was concluded that the steric and the electronic properties of the complexes were important for the rate of the reactions.
Oxidation and Destruction of Polyvinyl Alcohol in the Aqueous Phase
Authors: Zimin Yu. S. , Borisov I. M. , Borisova N. S. , Mustafin A. G. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTWe have studied kinetic laws of polyvinyl alcohol oxidation under the action of an ozone–oxygen mixture and hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous medium. It is shown that polymer oxidation is carried out by the radical mechanism. The scheme of oxidative transformations of polyvinyl alcohol explaining the obtained results is suggested.
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide as an Efficient Catalyst for Regioselective Bromination of Alkoxy Naphthalenes with Trimethyl Benzyl Ammonium Tribromide: Synthetic and Kinetic Approach
Authors: Reddy K. Rajendar , Rajanna K. C. , Uppalaiah K. , Ramgopal S. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTBromination of 2‐alkoxynaphthalene (2‐ANP) and its derivatives with trimethyl benzyl ammonium tribromide (TMBATB) did not proceed smoothly even under reflux conditions. But the addition of microconcentrations of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) to the reaction afforded dramatic rate accelerations as well as good‐to‐excellent yield of the products ranging from 70% to 90%. Reactions underwent regioselective monobromination at 1‐position of 2‐alkoxynaphthalene. The rate of bromination has been followed conductometrically. The reaction kinetics indicated first‐order kinetics in [2‐ANP] as well as in [TMBATB]. Kinetic results in the presence of CTAB were explained on the basis of the Raghavan–Srinivasan model as applied to micelle‐mediated bimolecular reactions.
Transesterification Kinetics Investigation of R‐Substituted Phenyl Benzoates with 4‐Methoxyphenol in the Presence of K2CO3 in DMF
Authors: Os'kina Irina A. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTTransesterification of R‐substituted phenyl benzoates 1–5 with 4‐methoxyphenol 6 was kinetically investigated in the presence of K2CO3 in dimethylformamide (DMF) at various temperatures. The Hammett plots for the reactions of the 1–5 demonstrate good linear correlations with σ0 constants. Low magnitude of ρLG values indicate that the leaving group departure occurs after the rate‐determining step. The Brønsted coefficient values for the reactions (−0.2, −0.16, −0.13 at 15, 24, 36°C, respectively) demonstrate the weak effect of leaving group substituent on the reactivity of R‐substituted phenyl benzoates 1–5 for the reactions with 4‐methoxyphenol 6 in the presence of K2CO3 in DMF. The leaving group substituent effect on free energy (ΔG≠), enthalpy (ΔH≠), and entropy (ΔS≠) of activation was examined. It was shown that the activation parameters obtained depend weakly on the leaving group substituent effect. The reaction is entropy controlled in case the leaving group substituent becomes electron withdrawing.