bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blockchain bottleneck analysis based on performance metrics causality
Authors: song weihu , zhu mengxiao , lu dong , zhu chen , sun yi , li lei , zhu haogang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

With the widespread application of blockchain technology across variousindustries, detecting and analyzing performance bottlenecks is crucialfor evaluating and optimizing blockchain system performance. How-ever, current research lacks general performance metrics for detectingand analyzing performance bottlenecks, and few studies focus on thisaspect within blockchain systems. To address this, this paper first pro-poses 18 fine-grained performance metrics to comprehensively evaluateperformance across various layers of blockchain systems. Subsequently,We introduce a generalized loosely-coupled performance measurementframework to capture these metrics and construct the causal relation-ship between them, i.e., the mesoscopic performance structure. Thisapproach allows for the detection and analysis of performance bot-tlenecks. Finally, numerous experimental results demonstrate that thecausality between the relevant performance metrics disappears whenthe system reaches a performance bottleneck. Additionally, the frame-work has a performance impact of less than 15% on ChainMaker.
PhotoFiTT: A Quantitative Framework for Assessing Phototoxicity in Live-Cell Microscopy Experiments
Authors: Henriques Ricardo , Rosario Mario del , Gómez-de-Mariscal Estibaliz , Morgado Leonor , Portela Raquel , Jacquemet Guillaume , Pereira Pedro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Phototoxicity in live-cell fluorescence microscopy can compromise experimental outcomes, yet quantitative methods to assess its impact remain limited. Here we present PhotoFiTT (Phototoxicity Fitness Time Trial), an integrated framework combining a standardised experimental protocol with advanced image analysis to quantify light-induced cellular stress in label-free settings. PhotoFiTT leverages machine learning and cell cycle dynamics to analyse mitotic timing, cell size changes, and overall cellular activity in response to controlled light exposure. Using adherent mammalian cells, we demonstrate PhotoFiTT's ability to detect wavelength- and dose-dependent effects, showcasing that near-UV light induces significant mitotic delays at doses as low as 0.6 J/cm2, while longer wavelengths require higher doses for comparable effects. PhotoFiTT enables researchers to establish quantitative benchmarks for acceptable levels of photodamage, facilitating the optimisation of imaging protocols that balance image quality with sample health.
Solitary Fibrous tumor of Urinary Bladder with carcinoma prostate – Dual malignancy the diagnostic and management challenges involved: A Rare case report
Authors: Munjewar Chandrakant , Ziauddin Shiraz Akif Mohd , Gowda Varun , Ramteke Prashant 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) of the urinary bladder are rare mesenchymal tumorswith occasional malignant potential. Owing to the rare nature of the disease, diagnostic and surgical management strategies remains variable. The gold standard treatment is complete surgical excision with negative margins, while recurrence and metastasis of aggressive variants during the follow-up can be managed by surgical excision and radiotherapy.
Case presentation: Here, wepresent a very rare case of dual malignancy, SFT of the urinary bladder and adenocarcinoma of the prostate, managed by radical cystoprostatectomy and bilateral extended pelvic lymph node dissection in an elderly male presenting with mixed LUTS(lowerurinary tract symptoms). The diagnosis of SFT was confirmed by immunohistochemical marker-STAT6 positivity. Postoperatively, after six monthsof follow-up, there was no evidence of disease recurrence.
Conclusion: Complete surgical resection with negative margins via open, laparoscopic or robotic surgery is the operation of choice.
An Evaluation of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in a Community-Based Multi-Month Dispensing Model in Dodoma City Council
Authors: Shabani Jafari ibrahim , Anasel Mackfallen. G. , Paul Amani 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background This study evaluates the effects of the community-based multi-month dispensing model on adherence to antiretroviral therapy among youth living with HIV in Dodoma City Council. It compares adherence rates between three- and six-month dispensing intervals led by either Community Antiretroviral therapy peers or healthcare workers.Methods This case-control study used data from the CTC2 database to evaluate the effects of community-based multi-month dispensing of antiretroviral therapy. It compares adherence rates between three- and six-month dispensing intervals led by either community antiretroviral therapy peers and those led by health workers. A total of 390 participants participated in the survey. These participants were categorized into two groups: those enrolled in community-based ART multi-month dispensing (case group) and those not in community-based ART multi-month dispensing (control group). Interquartile range were imposed to determine the level of adherence between health facilities, and logistic regression was performed to ascertain the associations between communities based muti-months dispensing and adherence and viral suppression.Results The study found that community-based multi-month ART dispensing was associated with higher adherence; those who disliked it also had lower adherence rates. Dispensing intervals and clinical appointment schedules improved adherence. Other factors influenced adherence, including shorter clinic wait times, preferences, adhering to clinical appointments, and reduced stigma.Conclusion Community-based multi-month dispensing of Anti-retroviral therapy significantly improves adherence among youth living with HIV. Peer-led programs show higher adherence rates, emphasising the importance of leadership and medication delivery frequency in HIV treatment programs. Addressing logistical obstacles and rationalising medication administration through multi-months can enhance adherence, improve health outcomes, and reduce HIV transmission.
Rainfall patterns influence poverty levels throughout Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Zhang Liqiang , Li Xingang , Qu Ying , Mishra Ashok , Yao Xin , Wang Qiao , Li Yang , Chen Siyuan , Zhao Lanpu , Wu Zhaocong , Zhang Lei , Zhu Zidong , Zhang Liangpei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Poverty deeply impacts society by contributing to unemployment, health disparities, social inequality, and political instability, leading to a series of socio-economic and environmental crises. As climate change alters rainfall patterns, its impact on household poverty becomes increasingly important, yet it remains poorly understood. A major challenge in climate-poverty research is the lack of accurate fine-scale data on the spatial and temporal distribution of community-level wealth assets, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which is essential for understanding complex societal impacts. Using data from 863,944 households across 34,055 communities in 32 Sub-Saharan African countries between 2010 and 2021, we developed a deep learning model to generate satellite-based, fine-grained wealth data to investigate the temporal and spatial variations in household poverty across SSA. We employ a fixed-effects panel regression model to estimate the relationship between rainfall patterns—such as extreme daily rainfall, the number of wet days, and seasonal variability derived from apportionment entropy—and household poverty across different temperature zones and both rural and urban regions. Our analysis reveals significant variations in how extreme daily rainfall, the number of wet days, and apportionment entropy affect household asset wealth across Sub-Saharan Africa, depending on poverty levels and living conditions. Extremely impoverished households are particularly vulnerable to rainfall variability, while wealthier households can better mitigate these effects. The most significant declines in the International Wealth Index (IWI) occur in low and middle temperature zones, where nearly 84% of the extremely poor households are located and experience high rainfall variability. This work lays the groundwork for future research on the effects of climate change on household poverty of impoverished communities.
Risk Factors and Outcomes of Anastomotic Failure in Combat-Related Penetrating Abdominal Trauma: A Study from Sana'a, Yemen
Authors: Issa Mohammed Ali Naji , Saleh Ibrahim Mohammed , Obadiel Yasser Abdurabo , Jowah Haitham Mohammed 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Anastomotic failure is a severe complication following intestinal resection for combat-related penetrating abdominal trauma, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. This study evaluates the incidence, risk factors, and impact of anastomotic failure in military trauma patients in Sana'a City, Yemen.
Patients and methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at 48 Model Hospital from 2020 to 2023, involving 61 male combat trauma patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy. Data on demographics, injury characteristics, surgical details, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. Logistic regression was used to identify significant risk factors for anastomotic failure.
Results: The overall anastomotic failure rate was 9.8% (6 out of 61 patients). Significant risk factors included preoperative blood transfusion (OR 0.180, 95% CI: 0.019-1.758, p=0.140), stomach injury (OR 0.102, 95% CI: 0.006-1.858, p=0.123), and large bowel injury, though with wide confidence intervals indicating variability. Patients with anastomotic failure had higher rates of septicemia (45% vs. 10%, p=0.03) and longer hospital stays (21.4 ± 6.2 days vs. 13.1 ± 4.1 days, p<0.01).
Conclusion: Identifying key risk factors for anastomotic failure in military trauma patients underscores the need for proactive strategies to minimize this complication and improve patient outcomes. Enhanced preoperative assessment, meticulous surgical technique, and vigilant postoperative monitoring are crucial for reducing the incidence of anastomotic failure in this high-risk population.
Mapping Poverty in India: A Geographical Analysis of the Multidimensional Poverty Index 2016-2021 with GIS
Authors: V Vineesh 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Poverty is an enduring challenge in India, persisting through both the current and previous centuries. With a rapidly growing population, the prevalence of poverty continues to escalate. This research undertakes a geographical study of poverty in India, specifically focusing on the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) from 2016 to 2021. Utilizing Geographical Information Systems (GIS), we map and analyze the spatial distribution and trends of poverty across the country. Our study offers a detailed appraisal of the MPI, aiming to visually narrate the complexities of poverty through comprehensive mapping. By integrating MPI data with GIS, we provide valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of poverty in India, facilitating a better understanding for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders. This approach underscores the importance of targeted interventions to effectively address and mitigate poverty.
Building Personality from Al-Ghazalī’s Perspective: Critical Study of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory
Authors: Arroisi Jarman , Putri Diana Aristika , Amrullah Muhammad Fahmi 
Published: August 2024

The issue of human behaviours is still engaging to discuss as human behaviour constantly changes. This study aims to reveal the problem of the psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud, which has been the primary reference in the discussion of modern psychology. Modern psychologists tend to neglect the role of religion due to secularization in various aspects of life. This paper is library-based research that employs a comparative-analysis method. This study reveals that personality studies in modern psychology disregard the role of God. Humans deny God's power outside themselves, leading to modern man's spiritual crisis. In addition, the psychoanalytic theory does not deal with the spiritual aspect, so this theory is no longer relevant as a solution to modern human personality problems. Third, the concept of tazkiyat an-nafs and insān kāmil in the Islamic tradition can guide human life amid a spiritual crisis and guide humans to return to their God. Contribution: This article reveals that the most effective solution in dealing with modern humans' personality and spiritual crises is to return to the initial nature of humans as creatures of God who are always obedient to Him.
Mechanisms Underlying the Therapeutic Effects of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide in Treating High-fat Diet-induced Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy based on GEO Datasets, Network Pharmacology, and Molecular Docking
Authors: Han Yuan-chun , Wang Li , Zhang Yi-dan , Zhou Ao-jia , Wang Zi-ping , Dong Wen-huan , Wang Jian-peng , Wang Ting , Zou Jun 
Published: August 2024

Background:
The beneficial effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) on heart disease have
been reported, but the effects of NMN on high-fat diet-induced hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and its
mechanisms of action are unclear. In this study, we systematically explored the effects and mechanism of action
of NMN in HCM using network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Methods:
Active targets of NMN were obtained from SWISS, CNKI, PubMed, DrugBank, BingingDB, and
ZINC databases. HCM-related targets were retrieved from GEO datasets combined with GeneCards, OMIM,
PharmGKB, and DisGeNET databases. A Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network was built to screen the
core targets. DAVID was used for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. The tissue and organ distribution
of targets was evaluated. Interactions between potential targets and active compounds were assessed by
molecular docking. A molecular dynamics simulation was conducted for the optimal core protein-compound
complexes obtained by molecular docking.

Results:
In total, 265 active targets of NMN and 3918 potential targets of HCM were identified. A topological
analysis of the PPI network revealed 10 core targets. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses indicated
that the effects of NMN were mediated by genes related to inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, as
well as the FOXO and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations
revealed good binding ability between the active compounds and screened targets.

Conclusion:
The possible targets and pathways of NMN in the treatment of HCM have been successfully
predicted by this investigation. It provides a novel approach for further investigation into the molecular processes
of NMN in HCM treatment.
Effect of Salbutamol on the Disposition Kinetics of Levofloxacin in the Plasma and Lung of Rats
Authors: Cicekler Murat Ali , Oguz Halis , Corum Orhan 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Antibiotics and bronchodilator drugs can be used together in respiratory distress
caused by bacterial infections. Levofloxacin (LVX) and Salbutamol (SLB) can be used simultaneously in respiratory
distress. However, there have been no investigations on how the concurrent use of SLB can affect the
pharmacokinetics of LVX in rats.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of SLB on the plasma and lung pharmacokinetics
of LVX in rats.

Methods:
A total of 132 rats were randomly assigned to two groups: LVX (n=66) and LVX+SLB (n=66).
LVX (intraperitoneal) and SLB (oral) were administered to rats at doses of 50 and 3 mg/kg, respectively. The
concentrations of LVX in the plasma and lungs were determined through the utilization of high-performance
liquid chromatography along with UV. Pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed by non-compartmental analysis.

Results:
The area under the curve from 0 to 16 h (AUC0−16), terminal elimination half-life, volume of distribution,
total body clearance, and peak concentration of LVX in the plasma were 42.57 h*μg/mL, 2.32 h, 3.91
L/kg, 1.17 L/h/kg, and 23.96 μg/mL, respectively. There were no alterations observed in the plasma and lung
pharmacokinetic parameters of LVX when co-administered with SLB. The AUC0−16 lung/AUC0−16 plasma ratios of
LVX were 1.60 and 1.39 after administration alone and co-administration with SLB, respectively.

Conclusion:
The concentration of LVX in lung tissue was higher than that in plasma. SLB administration to
rats did not affect the plasma and lung pharmacokinetics and lung penetration ratio of LVX. There is a need to
reveal the change in the pharmacokinetics of LVX after multiple administration of both drugs and after administration
of SLB by different routes.
Green Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots Using Barks of Ficus religiosa and their Application as a Selective Fluorescence Chemosensor
Authors: Meghal Balabadra Krishna , Sridharan Gokul , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Sundramoorthy Ashok K. 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Green synthesis refers to the environmentally friendly methods of producing
materials, typically using sustainable and non-toxic reagents. Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) are
a new class of carbon nanomaterials composed of discrete, quasi-spherical carbon nanoparticles
with sizes below 10 nm.

Objective:
The CQDs were made from the bark of the Ficus religiosa (FR) tree. Barks collected
from the FR served as a sustainable source for the synthesis process due to its unique bioactive
composition.

Methods:
FR tree barks were collected, completely washed using ethanol and DI H2O, and dried at
50°C in a hot air oven. After that, the bark was cut into small pieces and ground well. The bark
powder (200 mg) was mixed in 100 mL of DI H2O and heated at 60°C for 60 min. and transferred
into an autoclave and heated at 175°C for 12 h.

Results:
UV-Vis, FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDS, elemental mapping, and fluorescence spectroscopy were
used for the characterization of CQDs. Moreover, CQDs showed a wide emission spectrum ranging
from 280 to 400 nm by adjusting the excitation wavelengths. Fe3+ ions had a higher fluorescence
quenching impact on CQDs compared to other heavy metal ions. Fluorescence measurements
showed that this CQD-based method could detect Fe3+ ions with the lowest limit of detection
(LOD) of 2.07 μM and a linear detection from 0-70 μM Fe3+.

Conclusion:
This novel fluorescent CQDs-based method could be used for selective detection of
Fe3+ ions in real-world water samples.
Cystatin C and Kidney Function Recovery in Patients Requiring Continuous KRT for Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Haeger Sarah M. , Okamura Kayo , Li Amy S. , He Zhibin , Park Bryan D. , Budnick Isadore M. , Foulon North , Kennis Matthew , Blaine Rachel E. , Miyazaki Makoto , Campbell Ruth , Jalal Diana I. , Colbert James F. , Brinton John T. , Griffin Benjamin R. , Faubel Sarah 
Published: August 2024

Key Points

Plasma cystatin C is decreased in participants with AKI requiring continuous KRT (CKRT) with early kidney function recovery.Despite being cleared by CKRT, plasma cystatin C in the first 3 days of CKRT may be a useful clinical tool to help predict the prognosis of AKI requiring CKRT.

Background
Plasma cystatin C is a reliable marker to estimate kidney function; however, it is unknown whether this remains true in patients receiving continuous KRT (CKRT). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that lower concentrations of plasma cystatin C during the first 3 days of CKRT would predict kidney function recovery.

Methods
We performed a retrospective observational study of 72 patients from a 126-patient, single-center CKRT study. We studied two a priori defined cohorts of patients without advanced CKD who had AKI requiring CKRT: (1) with early kidney function recovery defined as liberation from KRT within 7 days of CKRT initiation versus (2) with delayed kidney function recovery defined as receipt of KRT for >21 days or death while on KRT. Subsequent analysis included patients with advanced CKD and intermediate kidney function recovery (liberation between 8 and 21 days). Cystatin C was then measured on stored plasma, urine, and dialysis effluent collected before CKRT initiation and on days 1, 2, and 3 of CKRT.

Results
Plasma cystatin C was significantly lower in patients with early kidney function recovery in comparison with patients with delayed kidney function recovery on days 1 (1.79 versus 2.39 mg/L), 2 (1.91 versus 2.38 mg/L), and 3 (2.04 versus 2.67 mg/L) of CKRT. Sieving coefficient and CKRT clearance of cystatin C were similar for patients with early and delayed kidney function recovery. The lowest plasma cystatin C concentration on days 1–3 of CKRT predicted early kidney function recovery with an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.77 (P=0.002), positive likelihood ratio of 5.60 for plasma cystatin C <1.30 mg/L, and negative likelihood ratio of 0.17 for plasma cystatin C ≥1.88 mg/L.

Conclusions
Lower plasma cystatin C concentrations during the first 3 days of CKRT are associated with early kidney function recovery.
Correction of Thrombocytopenia before Elective Surgery / Invasive Procedures in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis (Experts’ Agreement)
Authors: Maevskaya M. V. , Nadinskaia M. Yu. , Bessonova E. N. , Geyvandova N. I. , Zharkova M. S. , Kitsenko E. A. , Korochanskaya N. V. , Kurkina I. A. , Melikyan A. L. , Morozov V. G. , Khoronko Yu. V. , Deeva T. A. , Gulyaeva K. A. , Ivashkin V. T. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction. As a result of portal hypertension (sequestration of platelets in an enlarged spleen) and liver failure (decreased production of thrombopoietin in the liver) in liver cirrhosis, thrombocytopenia develops, which is associated with the risk of periprocedural/perioperative bleeding complications. There are still unresolved questions regarding risk stratification of bleeding complications, the prognostic role of thrombocytopenia, as well as the need for treatment of thrombocytopenia and its methods.Materials and methods. The Russian Scientific Liver Society selected a panel of experts in the field of therapeutic and surgical hepatology, hematology, transfusion medicine to make reasoned statements and recommendations on the issue of treatment of thrombocytopenia before elective surgery / invasive procedures in patients with liver cirrhosis.Results. Relevant clinical issues were determined based on the PICO principle (patient or population, intervention, comparison, outcome). The Delphi panel made five questions and gave reasoned answers, framed as ‘clinical practice recommendations and statements’ with evidence-based comments. The questions and statements were based on the results of search and critical analysis of medical literature using keywords in English- and Russian-language databases. The formulated questions could be combined into four categories: bleeding risk stratification, the prognostic value of thrombocytopenia, the necessity and methods of thrombocytopenia drug correction, and bleeding risk reduction.Conclusions. The results of experts' work are directly related to high-quality management of patients with liver cirrhosis and thrombocytopenia, who have scheduled invasive procedures/surgery. Thus, this recommendations and statements can be used in clinical practice.