bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspect control of water movement on hillslopes near the rain–snow transition of the Colorado Front Range
Authors: Hinckley Eve‐Lyn S. , Ebel Brian A. , Barnes Rebecca T. , Anderson Robert S. , Williams Mark W. , Anderson Suzanne P. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIn the Colorado Front Range, forested catchments near the rain–snow transition are likely to experience changes in snowmelt delivery and subsurface water transport with climate warming and associated shifts in precipitation patterns. Snowpack dynamics are strongly affected by aspect: Lodgepole pine forested north‐facing slopes develop a seasonal snowpack, whereas Ponderosa pine‐dotted south‐facing slopes experience intermittent snow accumulation throughout winter and spring. We tested the degree to which these contrasting water input patterns cause different near‐surface hydrologic response on north‐facing and south‐facing hillslopes during the snowmelt period. During spring snowmelt, we applied lithium bromide (LiBr) tracer to instrumented plots along a north–south catchment transect. Bromide broke through immediately at 10‐ and 30‐cm depths on the north‐facing slope and was transported out of soil waters within 40 days. On the south‐facing slope, Br− was transported to significant depths only during spring storms and remained above the detection limit throughout the study. Modelling of unsaturated zone hydrologic response using Hydrus‐1D corroborated these aspect‐driven differences in subsurface transport. Our multiple lines of evidence suggest that north‐facing slopes are dominated by connected flow through the soil matrix, whereas south‐facing slope soils experience brief periods of rapid vertical transport following snowmelt events and are drier overall than north‐facing slopes. These differences in hydrologic response were largely a function of energy‐driven differences in water supply, emphasizing the importance of aspect and climate forcing when considering contributions of water and solutes to streamflow in catchments near the snow line. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydraulic modelling calibration in small rivers by using coarse resolution synthetic aperture radar imagery
Authors: Tarpanelli A. , Brocca L. , Melone F. , Moramarco T. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis study investigates the potential of the low‐resolution images (150 m) derived by the Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar onboard the ENVISAT satellite to calibrate a hydraulic model coupled with a semidistributed hydrologic model applied to a subcatchment of the upper‐middle Tiber River, Genna basin (<100 km2), in central Italy, wherein a flood event occurred on 28 November 2010 causing high damages. Specifically for this flood event, an Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar image is available for the peak region of the discharge hydrograph. Different image processing techniques are used for the assessment of the flooded areas by using both a single image and a change detection image based on an additional (dry) reference image. The satellite‐derived flooded areas are adopted for the calibration of the channel and floodplain Manning's roughness coefficients of a ‘quasi‐two‐dimensional’ hydraulic model applied to the study basin, which allows to distinguish the main channel from the floodplain. The inflows for the hydraulic model corresponding to each tributary of the main channel are determined by a semidistributed hydrologic model calibrated by using a set of historical flood events.The hydraulic model calibration is also carried out by using the same set of historical flood events. For the event of November 2010, the modelled discharge and water level hydrographs obtained with the two sets of Manning roughness (via satellite and historical calibration) are compared with in situ observations at the outlet of the basin.This application on a small catchment contributes to strengthen the value of remote sensing data confirming the potential of synthetic aperture radar imagery to reduce uncertainties in hydraulic modelling calibration. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The severity of duodeno‐esophageal reflux influences the development of different histological types of esophageal cancer in a rat model
Authors: Miyashita Tomoharu , Miwa Koichi , Fujimura Takashi , Ninomiya Itasu , Fushida Sachio , Shah Furhawn A. , Harmon John W. , Hattori Takanori , Ohta Tetsuo 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe mechanism through which each histological type of carcinoma arises from the esophageal mucosa remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate whether there is an association between the severity of duodeno‐esophageal reflux and the histological type of esophageal cancer. A series of 120 male Fischer rats, weighing ∼180 g, were randomized to receive one of the following procedures: duodeno‐forestomach reflux (DFR) with reduced exposure to duodenal contents, duodeno‐esophageal reflux (DER) with increased exposure to duodenal contents and three control operations (DFR, DER control and sham). The reflux of bile was estimated with 99mTc‐PMT scintigraphy. All animals were fed a standard diet without carcinogen. The esophageal mucosa was assessed 50 weeks after surgery for carcinoma. The median scanned fraction rate of duodeno‐esophageal reflux was significantly lower for the rodents in the DFR group than those in the DER group. Five of 28 rodents in the DFR group and 17 of the 22 rodents in the DER group developed esophageal carcinoma. None of the controls developed carcinoma. The five rodents in the DFR group developed SCC. Of 22 esophageal carcinomas for the DER group, nine were SCC, 12 ADC and one was adenosquamous carcinoma. The fraction of esophageal SCC for the DFR group was significantly higher than that for the DER group, while the fraction of esophageal ADC for the DFR group was significantly lower than that for the DER group. These observations suggest that the severity of duodeno‐esophageal reflux in rodents is related to the development of different histological types of esophageal carcinoma.
Probing lymphoma infiltration in spleen of AKR/J mice chronically exposed to electromagnetic fields for risk assessment – toward noninvasive modeling
Authors: Donfack Patrice , Grote Karen , Lerchl Alexander , Materny Arnulf 
Published: September 2012

AbstractUsing the AKR/J mouse model, the potential of Raman spectroscopy for monitoring lymphoma in predisposed subjects is demonstrated by discriminating lymphoma infiltration in spleens; the relevance of different excitation profiles is shown. Under green excitation with optimal fluorescence bleaching, stronger DNA bands, intensity variations at amide‐III and phenylalanine bands, and the behavior of the 1606/1639 cm–1 doublet correlate with tumorigenesis. Under red excitation, Raman fingerprints with multivariate models help to discriminate AKR/J‐mouse histological subtypes: Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LB) is found significantly distant from both separated lymphocytic lymphoma (LL) and healthy spleen; this agrees with histology since LB has well differentiated large lymphoma cells, while LL, with smaller cells similar to normal lymphocytes, usually cannot be discriminated from normal tissue without histoimmunoassays. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Post‐translational modifications in activation and inhibition of oct‐1–DNA binding complex in H2B and other diverse gene regulation: Prediction of interplay sites
Authors: Shakoori Abdul Rauf , Hoessli Daniel C. , Nasir‐ud‐Din  
Published: September 2012

AbstractOctamer DNA binding transcription factors play important roles in housekeeping and specific gene regulations. Octamer DNA binding transcription factor‐1 (Oct‐1), expressed ubiquitously, is a multifunctional molecule. The binding sites of Oct‐1 are the promoters of H2B gene and the genes of snRNA, U2, U6, and 7SK, yet Oct‐1 has been described as constitutively expressed transcription factor regulating the expression of housekeeping genes. Diverse tissue‐specific genes regulations by Oct‐1 include genes for interleukins (IL) 2, 3, 5; the granulocyte‐macrophagal colony‐stimulating factor, immunoglobulins α, β, Ly9; the endocrine‐associated Pit‐1 gene; the genes for gonadoliberin, prolactin, the thyroid transcription factor, and thyrotropin. The most interesting aspect of the gene regulations of Oct‐1 includes both activation and inhibition of transcription. These opposite regulations of Oct‐1 have been described through presence/absence of a post‐translational modification (PTM) in its different domains. We propose a mechanism of interplay of different PTMs or presence/absence of PTMs in the different domains of Oct‐1. We also suggest that the absence of phosphorylation and acetylation in G1 and S phases of the cell cycle is associated with interplay of methylation and O‐GlcNAc modification. This interplay of O‐GlcNAc modification with the phosphorylation and methylation with acetylation in POU sub‐domain of Oct‐1 may facilitate the formation of Oct‐1–DNA complex, consequently activating H2B gene transcription. Whereas, in G2 and M phases these sites are occupied by phosphate resulting in inhibition of Oct‐1–DNA complex formation leading to the suppression of H2B gene transcription. J. Cell. Biochem. 114: 266–274, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FIPSDock: A new molecular docking technique driven by fully informed swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Liu Yu , Zhao Lei , Li Wentao , Zhao Dongyu , Song Miao , Yang Yongliang 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe accurate prediction of protein–ligand binding is of great importance for rational drug design. We present herein a novel docking algorithm called as FIPSDock, which implements a variant of the Fully Informed Particle Swarm (FIPS) optimization method and adopts the newly developed energy function of AutoDock 4.20 suite for solving flexible protein–ligand docking problems. The search ability and docking accuracy of FIPSDock were first evaluated by multiple cognate docking experiments. In a benchmarking test for 77 protein/ligand complex structures derived from GOLD benchmark set, FIPSDock has obtained a successful predicting rate of 93.5% and outperformed a few docking programs including particle swarm optimization (PSO)@AutoDock, SODOCK, AutoDock, DOCK, Glide, GOLD, FlexX, Surflex, and MolDock. More importantly, FIPSDock was evaluated against PSO@AutoDock, SODOCK, and AutoDock 4.20 suite by cross‐docking experiments of 74 protein–ligand complexes among eight protein targets (CDK2, ESR1, F2, MAPK14, MMP8, MMP13, PDE4B, and PDE5A) derived from Sutherland‐crossdock‐set. Remarkably, FIPSDock is superior to PSO@AutoDock, SODOCK, and AutoDock in seven out of eight cross‐docking experiments. The results reveal that FIPS algorithm might be more suitable than the conventional genetic algorithm‐based algorithms in dealing with highly flexible docking problems. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A convective replica‐exchange method for sampling new energy basins
Authors: Spill Yannick G. , Bouvier Guillaume , Nilges Michael 
Published: September 2012

AbstractReplica‐exchange is a powerful simulation method for sampling the basins of a rugged energy landscape. The replica‐exchange method's sampling is efficient because it allows replicas to perform round trips in temperature space, thereby visiting both low and high temperatures in the same simulation. However, replicas have a diffusive walk in temperature space, and the round trip rate decreases significantly with the system size. These drawbacks make convergence of the simulation even more difficult than it already is when bigger systems are tackled. Here, we present a simple modification of the exchange method. In this method, one of the replicas steadily raises or lowers its temperature. We tested the convective replica‐exchange method on three systems of varying complexity: the alanine dipeptide in implicit solvent, the GB1 β‐hairpin in explicit solvent and the Aβ25–35 homotrimer in a coarse grained representation. For the highly frustrated Aβ25–35 homotrimer, the proposed “convective” replica‐exchange method is twice as fast as the standard method. It discovered 24 out of 27 free‐energy basins in less than 500 ns. It also prevented the formation of groups of replicas that usually form on either side of an exchange bottleneck, leading to a more efficient sampling of new energy basins than in the standard method. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of incremental healthcare resource burden and readmission rates associated with hospitalized hyponatremic patients in the US
Authors: Amin Alpesh , Deitelzweig Steven , Christian Rudell , Friend Keith , Lin Jay , Belk Kathy , Baumer Dorothy , Lowe Timothy J. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Hyponatremia is a prevalent electrolyte disorder in hospitalized patients indicative of greater morbidity and mortality. A large‐scale retrospective analysis was conducted to evaluate the incremental burden of hospitalized hyponatremic (HN) versus non‐HN patients in terms of hospital resource utilization, costs, and hospital readmissions in the real‐world setting.METHODS:HN patients (≥18 years) were selected from the Premier Hospital Database between January 1, 2007 and March 31, 2010 and matched to a non‐HN control cohort using propensity score matching. Bivariate and multivariate statistics were employed to evaluate the differences in healthcare resource utilization, costs, and hospital readmissions between patient cohorts.RESULTS:Among the matched patient cohorts, length of stay (LOS) (8.8 ± 10.3 vs 7.7 ± 8.5 days, P < 0.001), hospital admission costs ($15,281 ± $24,054 vs $13,439 ± $22,198, P < 0.001), intensive care unit (ICU) LOS (5.5 ± 7.9 vs 4.9 ± 7.1 days, P < 0.001), and ICU costs ($8525 ± $13,342 vs $7597 ± $12,695, P < 0.001) were greater for the HN versus non‐HN cohort, as were hospital readmission rates 30 days postdischarge. Multivariate regressions further demonstrated that hyponatremia was associated with an increase of 10.9% for LOS, 8.2% for total hospitalization costs, 10.2% for ICU LOS, and 8.9% for ICU costs. Additionally, after multivariate adjustment, hyponatremia was associated with a 15.0% increased chance for hospital readmission 30 days postdischarge (P < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONS:Hyponatremia is an independent predictor of increased hospitalization LOS and cost, ICU admission and cost, and 30‐day hospital readmission, and therefore represents a potential target for intervention to reduce healthcare expenditures for a large population of hospitalized hyponatremic patients. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Pyrroloquinoline quinone and a quinoprotein kinase support γ‐radiation resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans and regulate gene expression
Authors: Rajpurohit Yogendra Singh , Desai Shruti Sumeet , Misra Hari Sharan 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTDeinococcus radiodurans is known for its extraordinary resistance to various DNA damaging agents including γ‐radiation and desiccation. The pqqE:cat and Δdr2518 mutants making these cells devoid of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) and a PQQ inducible Ser/Thr protein kinase, respectively, became sensitive to γ‐radiation. Transcriptome analysis of these mutants showed differential expression of the genes including those play roles in oxidative stress tolerance and (DSB) repair in D. radiodurans and in genome maintenance and stress response in other bacteria. Escherichia coli cells expressing DR2518 and PQQ showed improved resistance to γ‐radiation, which increased further when both DR2518 and PQQ were present together. Although, profiles of genes getting affected in these mutants were different, there were still a few common genes showing similar expression trends in both the mutants and some others as reported earlier in oxyR and pprI mutant of this bacterium. These results suggested that PQQ and DR2518 have independent roles in γ‐radiation resistance of D. radiodurans but their co‐existence improves radioresistance further, possibly by regulating differential expression of the genes important for bacterial response to oxidative stress and DNA damage.
Winter daily precipitation variability over the East Anglian region of Great Britain and its relationship with river flow
Authors: Smith Michael J. , Phillips Ian D. 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates winter (DJF) precipitation variability over East Anglia at the daily and 2 d timescales using rain gauge data from 134 sites. The first three principal components (PCs) explain 80.2% (82.0%) of the variance in daily (2 d totals). Precipitation displays higher spatial coherence in winter, with the first three PCs of summer daily totals (Neal and Phillips, 2009, International Journal of Climatology 29: 1661–1679) explaining only 72.3% of the variance. The winter PCs for both 24‐ and 48‐h timescales display precipitation maxima in South Essex (PC 1), NE Norfolk (PC 2), and NW Cambridgeshire (PC 3). The rainfall maximum over South Essex is more important in winter than in summer. Lamb Weather Types and synoptic charts are used to explain the causes of the PCs. A precipitation regionalization is also produced. Discharge for 11 rivers is then modelled as a linear function of the rainfall patterns (as represented by the PC scores). With the exception of the River Babingley, whose discharge is not significantly related to the PCs, these models explain on average 26.5% of the variance. For most rivers, there are significant relationships between discharge and precipitation that fell up to 4 d ago on average. In general, East Anglian river flows show persistence over 6–8 d.
Effects of chemesthetic stimuli mixtures with barium on swallowing apnea duration
Authors: Todd J. Tee , Butler Susan G. , Plonk Drew P. , Grace‐Martin Karen , Pelletier Cathy A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:This study tested the hypotheses that swallowing apnea duration (SAD) will increase given barium versus water, chemesthetic stimuli (i.e., water < ethanol, acid, and carbonation) mixed with barium, age (older > younger), and genetic taste differences (supertasters > nontasters).Study Design:Prospective group design.Setting:University Medical Center.Methods:Eighty healthy women were identified as nontasters and supertasters, equally comprising two age groups: 18 to 35 years and 60+ years. The KayPentax Swallowing Signals Lab was used to acquire SAD via nasal cannula during individually randomized swallows of 5 mL barium, 2.7% w/v citric acid with barium, carbonation with barium, and 50:50 diluted ethanol with barium. Data were analyzed using path analysis, with the mediator of chemesthetic perception, adjusted for repeated measures.Results:Significant main effects of age (P = .012) and chemesthetic stimuli (P = .014) were found, as well as a significant interaction between chemesthetic stimuli and age (P = .028). Older women had a significantly longer SAD than younger women. Post hoc analyses revealed that barium mixed with ethanol elicited a significantly longer SAD than other bolus conditions, regardless of age group. There were no significant differences in SAD between barium and water conditions, and no significant effect of chemesthetic perception (P > .05).Conclusions:Ethanol added to barium elicited longer SAD compared to plain barium, but not the other chemesthetic conditions. Older women had a longer SAD than younger women in all conditions. These findings may influence design of future studies examining effects of various stimuli on SAD.
Exploring the clinical value and implications of routine pathological examination of septoplasty specimens
Authors: Haffey Timothy , Pabon Sheila , Hawley Karen , Hoschar Aaron , Sindwani Raj 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:During septoplasty, otherwise normal cartilage and bone are removed and routinely submitted for pathologic examination. According to the College of American Pathologists, however, the examination of bone and cartilage from septoplasty and rhinoplasty may be left to the pathologist's discretion. We explored the processing of tissues removed during septoplasty, examining the clinical value and implications of current practices.Study Design:Retrospective chart review.Methods:Our database was searched for septoplasty (CPT code 30520) procedures performed specifically for the indication of nasal obstruction.Results:Five hundred sixteen consecutive cases from 15 surgeons spanning a 2‐year period were identified. In the majority of cases, septal tissues removed during surgery were submitted to pathology. The majority of cases (>90%) involved septoplasty performed in conjunction with another procedure, most commonly addressing the inferior turbinates. All septal specimens received gross examination by a pathologist, and a smaller fraction were also examined histologically. Gross findings included the qualitative appearance of the specimen and dimensional measurements of bone and cartilage fragments. No abnormalities were identified (by gross or histologic examination) in any of the specimens. Associated costs included specimen handling, storage, and pathology fees.Conclusions:In our health care system, it is common practice to submit tissues removed during septoplasty for pathologic examination. This study demonstrates that routine evaluation of septal tissues following surgery for obstruction has no clinical value whatsoever, and is associated with direct and indirect costs. Given the current health care climate, this practice should be further scrutinized and reconsidered.
Subglottic injury: A clinically relevant animal model
Authors: Kelly Nicola A. , Murphy Madeline , Giles Seamus , Russell John D. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To develop a clinically aligned, reproducible model for subglottic injury.Study Design:Prospective randomized control pilot study.Methods:Juvenile (3‐month‐old) New Zealand White rabbits underwent intubation with a 3‐cm length of an endotracheal tube that was chosen so that there would be no air leak below 20 cm of water. This tube was one or two sizes above the appropriate tube for the animal. It was held in situ with a suture placed at the trachea and secured over a button in the neck for a period of 1 week. Animals were sacrificed 1 week postextubation, and larynges were harvested. A range of histological techniques and gross morphology were utilized to examine the injury caused at the level of the subglottis. Unintubated animals constituted controlled specimens.Results:Intubated animals demonstrated considerable histopathology including evidence of ulceration, inflammation, granulation tissue, perichondritis, and chondritis when compared with control animals. Morphometric analysis demonstrated a significant increase in lamina propria thickness (P= .0013), mucosal thickness (P≤ .0001), and in goblet cell areal density (P= .014). Analysis of mucin types found a significant decrease in acidic (P= .0001) mucin coinciding with a significant increase in mixed mucin types (P= .0013).Conclusions:Our model provides a reliable and reproducible technique for acute/subacute injury to the subglottis secondary to intubation, which is consistent with previous histological findings of early changes associated with acquired subglottic stenosis (SGS). Future uses of this model could include the examination of current adjunctive therapies and their effects on limiting progression to SGS.