bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of inter-ply electrical percolation phenomena in the multiphysics modelling of laminated composite materials
Authors: Kane Banda , Wasselynck Guillaume , Trichet Didier , Berthiau Gérard 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This study aims to introduce a predictive homogenization model incorporating electrical percolation considerations to forecast the electrical characteristics of unidirectional carbon-epoxy laminate composites.

Design/methodology/approach
This study presents a method for calculating the electrical conductivity tensor for various ply arrangement patterns to elucidate phenomena occurring around the interfaces between plies. These interface models are then integrated into a three-dimensional (3D) magneto-thermal model using the finite element method. A comparative study is conducted between different approaches, emphasizing the advantages of the new model through experimental measurements.

Findings
This research facilitates the innovative integration of electrical percolation considerations, resulting in substantial improvement in the prediction of electrical properties of composites. The validity of this improvement is established through comprehensive validation against existing approaches and experimentation.

Research limitations/implications
The study primarily focuses on unidirectional carbon-epoxy laminate composites. Further research is needed to extend the model's applicability to other composite materials and configurations.

Originality/value
The proposed model offers a significant improvement in predicting the electrical properties of composite materials by incorporating electrical percolation considerations at inter-ply interfaces, which have not been addressed in previous studies. This research provides valuable information to improve the accuracy of predictions of the electrical properties of composites and offers a methodology for accounting for these properties in 3D magneto-thermal simulations.
Spillover effect of the geopolitical uncertainty on the cryptocurrency market
Authors: Theiri Saliha 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis study aims to examine the influence of geopolitical uncertainty on cryptocurrency markets (CM).Design/methodology/approachUtilizing two distinct sets of daily returns data spanning from January 1, 2019, to May 4, 2023, the analysis employs the geopolitical risk (GPR) index formulated by Caldara and Iacoviello (2022), which encapsulates two pivotal events: the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia–Ukraine conflict. The cryptocurrency market (CM) encompasses Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), Litecoin (LTC) and Dogecoin (DOGE). Employing the DCC-GARCH model and supplementing it with wavelet coherence analysis to discern perceptual distinctions between short- and long-term market reactions.FindingsThe main findings indicate that the GPR index clearly impacts the return of CM in the short-, mid- and long-term periods. BTC exhibited the highest volatility in response to changes in the GPR index. The cryptocurrency market offers a better diversification opportunity, and the impact of geopolitical events varies across time, with their direction and magnitude closely related to the specificity of the CM.Practical implicationsThis research is helpful for financial market investors, portfolio and risk managers, make informed decisions about including cryptocurrencies in their investment portfolios to mitigate the risks in uncertainty period.Originality/valueCryptocurrency market volatility is treated weakly during the risk period. With advanced statistical method, this study links two important events: the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia–Ukraine conflict and selects the top four cryptocurrencies constituting 80% of the market. This study examines the impact of geopolitical risk on the cryptocurrency market and shows that this market is considered a safe haven.
Gender differences in school principals’ ethical decision-making processes
Authors: Keser Ozmantar Zehra , Gök Funda 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis study will examine the school principals’ ethical decision-making processes and to explore gender-related differences.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed a mixed-method research design, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with a sample of 10 male and 10 female principals, who were presented with ethical dilemma scenarios. The qualitative component utilized a phenomenological analysis, while additional quantitative analyses were performed on the same dataset to explore gender-related differences.FindingsOur analysis of principals' ethical evaluations identified three key areas where gender-related differences were evident: decision-making approaches, leadership styles, and philosophy/value orientations. The analysis revealed that women more frequently employed personal approaches, while men favored institutional approaches in their ethical evaluations. Secondly, men tended to adopt a democratic style, while women leaned towards an autocratic style. Finally, men exhibited a relativist orientation, while women displayed an idealist orientation in their ethical decision-making processes.Originality/valueGender-based analysis of school principals’ ethical decision-making process has remained an under-researched area. This study contributes to the understanding of gender-related differences in principals’ ethical decision-making processes.
Transforming Wikipedia text into audio through machine learning
Authors: Mandal Sukumar 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to navigate the process of transforming Wikipedia articles into audio files for library readers. The system provides a feasible manner of listening to Wikipedia content, accommodating diverse learning preferences and enlarging knowledge in education society.

Design/methodology/approach
This framework has been constructed using the Python programming languages in the Linux operating platform. Application programming interface and Google text-to-speech (TTS) are required as additional software packages to design this prototype system. Transform any Wikipedia pages into audio files through Wikitrola for libraries and information centers. Wikipedia articles are directly transformed into audio, as these integrate the content seamlessly for the user experience. The whole system has been designed and configured on the basis of machine learning to provide dynamic services among the readers.

Findings
The viewer could use the machine learning system to turn Wikipedia articles into audio files, allowing them to listen to Wikipedia content in audio format. This would make information more accessible and adaptable to diverse learning modes, allowing written content to be engaged in novel and visionary ways.

Originality/value
The insightful observation in connection with the paper is that it shows how to convert text-based material into audio through the Google TTS and machine learning Python programming and finally incorporate them in Wikipedia articles. A harmonious system of information dissemination and technical education is established. This approach shows the effectiveness of imagination and the use of programming tools to enhance learning and knowledge-seeking processes.
Industrious, truthful, upright and manly: Reforming poor young men in the borstal schools of India in the 1920s and 1930s
Authors: Ellis Catriona 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article analyses the expansion of the borstal system for young male offenders in late colonial India. Based on legislative debates and prison administration reports, it considers the ways in which young adults were defined and treated within the context of these penal institutions. It reveals how institutionalised care for young men was used to reinforce the power of middle class coercive networks; to define and produce particular forms of masculinity among the poor youth of India and to contribute to wider, emerging discourses about the distinctive position of adolescents in Indian society.
Effects and mechanisms of armed conflict on agricultural production: Spatial evidence from terrorist violence in Burkina Faso
Authors: Kafando Wendata A. , Sakurai Takeshi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractExtensive studies have been conducted on the link between armed conflict and agricultural production. However, the underlying mechanisms remain underexplored. A better understanding of these mechanisms could unpack the subsequent effects of conflict‐induced food and welfare shortages, as well as identify promising policy interventions. We study the effects of terrorist violence on household agricultural production in Burkina Faso and explore the underlying mechanisms. To achieve this, we combine nationally representative five‐year panel data on plots and households with spatial conflict data. Our analysis reveals negative and significant effects of terrorist violence on agricultural productivity and total output. Despite reducing cereal crop output, increased intensity of terrorist violence is significantly associated with higher production of cash crops, which require fewer inputs in Burkina Faso. Further investigations uncover that the decline in household agricultural productivity results from a significant decrease in the number of farming plots, land size, and short‐term production investments, including chemical fertilisers and pesticides. These findings remain robust across various alternative empirical specifications and measures of violence, offering insights that can help policymakers faced with similarly scaled armed conflict. For instance, ensuring a secure environment and providing reliable access to essential production inputs, such as chemical fertilisers and pesticides, can help support conflict‐affected household agricultural production during and after the violence periods.
Intraspecific and interspecific resource partitioning between bumblebee workers and males related to nectar quantity and quality
Authors: Jin Xiao‐Fang , Ye Zhong‐Ming , He Yong‐Deng , Yang Chun‐Feng , Orr Michael , Luo Arong , Williams Paul , Zhu Chao‐Dong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBumblebees are important pollinators for many natural and agricultural systems in temperate regions. Interspecific and intraspecific variation in floral resource preferences have been proposed to influence bumblebee community structure. In particular, sexual dimorphism is a major source of intraspecific niche variation. Although interspecific resource partitioning is well studied, few studies have explored the intraspecific dynamics between workers and males. Here, we report a study on a total of 11 528 workers and 2220 males of 14 bumblebee species recorded over 5 years in the Hengduan Mountains of Southwest China. We first compared the potential for interspecific and intraspecific competition between workers and males using visitation records and resource partitioning indices (overlap index). We then evaluated the influence of nectar traits on flower preference, including nectar volume and the levels of hexose, sucrose and 10 essential amino acids (EAAs). We found that the niche overlap between intraspecific workers and males was higher than that between different species, and temporal overlap alone did not strongly determine diet overlap. Males of most species preferred flowers with high levels of EAAs and hexose, whereas workers of some species preferred flowers with high nectar volume and sucrose levels. This study suggests that there is floral resource partitioning among bumblebee species, and between workers and males, which may play a key role in alleviating interspecific and intraspecific competition. These findings also provide a useful guide for which kinds of plants might be most valuable for bumblebees, especially the understudied males, in this biodiversity hotspot.
Integrated metabolomics analysis of chill‐stored rose shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) treated with different pressure levels of high hydrostatic pressure by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Lan Qiuyu , Pinheiro Ana Cristina De Aguiar Saldanha , Braschi Giacomo , Picone Gianfranco , Rocculi Pietro , Laghi Luca 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe antimicrobial effects of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatments on chill‐stored seafood are well‐documented, while their impact on the metabolic profile of seafood, especially the metabolome of fish flesh, and remains underexplored. Addressing this gap, this study investigates the effects of HHP on the metabolome of chill‐stored rose shrimp by conducting multivariate data analysis based on untargeted proton nuclear magnetic resonance observations. Vacuum‐packed rose shrimp samples were subjected to HHP at 0, 400, 500, and 600 MPa for 10 min and then stored at 2–4°C. The microorganism analysis and metabolic analysis were carried out on days 1 and 14. HHP treatment effectively deactivated Lactobacillus spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., total Coliforms, and sulfite‐reducing anaerobic bacteria. Consequently, HHP treatment significantly reduced the formation rate of decay‐related metabolites, such as hypoxanthine, trimethylamine, and biogenic amines, which exhibited significant accumulation in untreated samples. Multivariate unsupervised analyses provided insights into the overall changes in the metabolite profile induced by HHP. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed several pathways underlying spoilage, including pyruvate metabolism, valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, purine metabolism, methane metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, sulfur metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism. Importantly, these pathways underwent alterations due to the application of HHP, particularly at high‐pressure levels. In summary, the results unveil the potential mechanisms of HHP effects on chill‐stored rose shrimps.
Reliability of sealer penetration measurement methods and assessment of dentine penetrability after endodontic retreatment: A correlation in vitro study
Authors: Aldawood Sukainah A. , Omar Omar , Almohazey Dana , Atmeh Amre R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated the reliability of sealer penetration measurement methods used with confocal laser scanning microscopy in correlation with the percentage of residual root filling and examined the effect of residual root‐filling material on dentine penetrability after retreatment. Extracted teeth were randomly divided into different groups according to the obturation sealer used (n = 6); BioRoot RCS; MTA Fillapex; Bio‐C and AH Plus. Root‐filling material was removed before the secondary chemo‐mechanical preparation and obturation using fluorescein labelled AH Plus. Multiple micro‐computed tomography scans were obtained followed by confocal laser scanning microscopy to measure the penetration of the labelled sealer into the dentinal tubules using four different methods. Measuring sealer penetration into radicular dentine using the penetration percentage method was found to be the most reliable. Dentine penetrability during retreatment did not seem to be affected by the type of residual root‐filling material.
The Social Reproductive Roots of Agrarian Contention: Gendered Labor amid Peasant Struggles in Tunisia
Authors: Djerbi Dhouha 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper revisits the Tunisian 2010–2011 uprising and its ensuing decade of agrarian contention as a crisis of social reproduction stemming from the combined effects of depletion and dispossession. It traces the lineages of the grievances that continue to animate the Tunisian countryside to the multiple and often enmeshed labours—both productive and reproductive—of peasant and rural women. In underscoring the interconnectedness between these labours and the ebb and flow of various contestations against depletion and dispossession, it recognises social reproduction as a site of deep exploitation as well as an arena of day‐to‐day struggle. Guided by social reproduction theorisations and leveraging a multi‐sited ethnography conducted during July and August 2023, this paper relies on participant observation/observant participation and unstructured interviews conducted with predominately landed and landless peasant women, the testimonies of whom serve as a conduit for an important dialogue between feminist materialist analyses of social reproduction and peasant movements.
A Global Era of Disposability: The Anthropocene, The Apotheosis of Waste
Authors: Arefin Mohammed Rafi , Fredericks Rosalind 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis Symposium explores how under‐examined relations of disposability underpin socio‐ecological transformation in the Anthropocene. The Symposium makes four inventions into ongoing debates at the intersection of discard studies and planetary change. First, it illuminates how new frontiers of accumulation work to revalue discards through shifting waste/value dialectics. Second, it encourages analysis of discards not as incidental of systems and structures but as constitutive, material, processes of maintaining power. Third, it attends closely to waste and its labours in order to illuminate how accumulation is underwritten by embodied precarity. Fourth, it constructively draws out how attention to the politics of discards suggests an ethics of care that is centred on interdependence, accountability, and kinship. Together, the articles demonstrate how an engaged, global study of waste and disposability can not only render the differentiated violences of the current conjuncture visible, but also offer insight into how socio‐material relationships may be revalued.
Maladaptive weight control and eating behaviours in female adolescents/young adults are associated with increased risk of irritable bowel syndrome in adulthood: Results from the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS)
Authors: Yang Keming , Kwon Sohee , Burton‐Murray Helen , Kuo Braden , Chan Andrew T. , Field Alison E. , Staller Kyle 
Published: August 2024

SummaryBackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common among individuals with eating disorders. The relationship between these conditions is likely bidirectional. However, data on the risk of IBS among those with prior eating disorders is largely limited to cross‐sectional studies.AimTo prospectively evaluate the association between maladaptive weight control/eating behaviours in females during adolescence/young adulthood with subsequent IBS using the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS).MethodsStarting in 1996 (age: 9–14) and during follow‐up, participants reported frequency of maladaptive eating/weight control behaviours during the past year to lose weight: self‐induced vomiting (n = 5740), laxative use (n = 5438), and fasting (n = 5522) in addition to reporting binge eating (n = 4459). Starting in 2001 and during follow‐up, participants reported if they had ever been diagnosed with an eating disorder (n = 5316). Incident IBS cases were identified from four questionnaire cycles (2013, 2014, 2016, 2019), with participants specifying the year of diagnosis if occurring before the questionnaire date. Multivariable logistic regressions adjusting for age, body mass index, and depressive symptoms estimated the associations of interest.ResultsMaladaptive weight control/eating behaviours were associated with increased IBS risk [ORs (95% CIs) for laxatives to lose weight = 3.67 (2.52–5.35), vomiting to lose weight = 1.83 (1.29–2.60), fasting to lose weight = 2.62 (1.86–3.70), and bingeing = 2.25 (1.54–3.28)] as was history of eating disorder diagnosis [OR (95% CI) = 3.42 (2.38–4.90)]. The magnitude of IBS risk increased with the frequency of maladaptive behaviours.ConclusionsThere is evidence for the potential role of early maladaptive weight control/eating behaviours in the development of adult IBS among females.
Medication management in Danish home health care: Mapping of tasks and time consumption
Authors: Stubmark Heidi , Post Søren , Bjørk Emma , Pottegård Anton , Lundby Carina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe aimed to map tasks related to medication management and time consumption in Danish home health care. Nursing staff (n = 30) from five municipalities were followed during a 10‐week period and tasks related to medication management, time consumption and information on citizens' medication were registered. A total of 269 courses were registered, including 163 (61%) home visits, 76 (28%) in‐office courses, 29 (11%) in‐clinic courses and 1 (0.4%) acute visit. Of defined categories related to medication management, ‘record‐keeping and communication’ (62%, n = 167), ‘dispensing’ (48%, n = 129) and ‘identification’ (30%, n = 81) were most often performed. During half of courses (55%, n = 147), the nursing staff was interrupted at least one time. The median time spent on medication management was less than the time allocated in most of allocated time slots (82%), with a median excess time of 5.1 min (range 0.02–24 min). Citizens (n = 32) used a median of 11 (interquartile range [IQR] 9–13) regular medications and 2 (IQR 1–4) as‐needed, and 69% (n = 22) used high‐risk situation medications. In conclusion, employees in Danish home health care perform diverse medication‐related tasks and are frequently interrupted in their work. Employees spend less time than allocated but do not fully solve all tasks according to best practice guidance.
Pituitary deficiencies related to optic nerve hypoplasia and visual acuity
Authors: Murray Alison , Schwartz Terry , Hornung Lindsey , Lawson Sarah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveOptic nerve hypoplasia (ONH), the congenital underdevelopment of the optic nerve, is an increasing cause of visual impairment and is associated with pituitary dysfunction. Past studies have focused on the relationship between ONH, pituitary deficiencies, and brain imaging. However, recent studies have demonstrated the true risk for hypopituitarism lies with the presence or absence of ONH, irrespective of midline brain findings. This study reviewed the relationship between the health of the optic nerve (visual acuity) and pituitary gland (number and age of development of pituitary deficiencies) as a way to stratify risk, regardless of imaging findings.Design, Patients and MeasurementsRetrospective chart review of 197 patients seen at a single center from 2013 to 2022. Visual assessment was defined by distance acuity, and the presence of nystagmus or afferent pupillary defect. Pituitary deficiencies were diagnosed per Endocrine Society guidelines.ResultsIn children with bilateral ONH (bONH), profound visual impairment was associated with more pituitary deficiencies between 0 and 15 years of age. The odds of having any pituitary deficiency were 4.9 times higher (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.4–10.1) for patients with bONH versus unilateral ONH (uONH). Central hypothyroidism was the most common first presenting pituitary deficiency followed by growth hormone across all patients.ConclusionThis study shows a significant association between severity of visual impairment and increased probability of pituitary deficiencies in children with bONH versus uONH. Children with ONH require urgent endocrine evaluation due to risk of pituitary deficiencies, but risk stratification may also be based on severity of visual impairment.