bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Commentary: What young people want from psychotherapy
Authors: Gibson Kerry , Stubbing Jessica 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn recent times there has been increasing acknowledgement of the importance of attending to the agenda of people with lived experience in psychotherapy research. In particular, young people's voices have been recognised as central to the design and development of psychotherapies that work for them. It is important to recognise the limits of professional agendas and make sure that young people's own priorities are represented in the indicators against which we measure change in research evaluations of psychotherapy. This requires an extension of evaluation research indicators from psychiatric symptomatology, to include aspects of wellbeing that matter to young people themselves. This article joins others in calling for a shift from the focus on symptom change in the evaluation of psychotherapy with youth, to acknowledge subjective indicators identified through research conducted with young people. New indicators might, for example, be centred on the degree to which young people experience increased capacity for acceptance of their emotions, a comfortable sense of identity, improved relational trust, and a stronger sense of their own agency. If psychotherapy is to be meaningful to young people, it is vital that we tailor it to young people's own needs and priorities and evaluate it against the aspects of change that matter to them.
Heidegger on the ontological significance of the principle of noncontradiction
Authors: Jaran François 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe aim of this article is to break down to its principal arguments the abundant material recently published in Heidegger's Gesamtausgabe related to a conference given in December 1932 on the principle of noncontradiction (PNC). I will first highlight the importance in phenomenology of a correct interpretation of the PNC and then explain Heidegger's general strategy toward logical principles during the 1920s. After showing that Heidegger's 1932 interpretation of the PNC still pertains to Being and Time's fundamental ontology, I will present Heidegger's reading of Aristotle's Metaphysics Γ 3 and 4 that is the center of the conference. I will conclude by showing how the ontological significance of the PNC makes sense in the fundamental‐ontological context in which the understanding‐of‐being serves as the condition of possibility of our encounter with entities.
Advances in the treatment of axillary bromhidrosis
Authors: Zhang Jianfei , Han Pengpeng , Yang Feng , Jiang Bin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundBromhidrosis, characterized by foul‐smelling sweat, is a prevalent condition that significantly affects patients' social and psychological well‐being.MethodsThis review presents novel treatment approaches and discusses the pros and cons of various treatment options for axillary bromhidrosis.ResultsExtensive research has explored numerous treatment modalities for bromhidrosis. This article systematically reviews both surgical and nonsurgical interventions utilized in clinical practice.ConclusionBy synthesizing available evidence, this review aims to offer evidence‐based recommendations for effectively managing bromhidrosis, considering factors such as treatment efficacy, safety profiles, patient preferences, and clinical outcomes.
The pew and the bench: The dynamics of religious affiliations of federal court judges
Authors: Lanier Drew Noble , Hurwitz Mark S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveA critical area of study of the federal courts includes those who serve on the nation's highest tribunals. While most studies of judicial diversity address the crucial issues of race or gender, we examine the cross‐time dynamics of religious affiliations within the federal courts in the United States to more broadly encompass the concept of diversity.MethodsWe analyze over two centuries of data on the religious affiliations of judges on the District Courts and Courts of Appeals, as well as that of justices on the Supreme Court, by employing descriptive data derived from public sources and our own survey instrument, and multivariate time‐series models.ResultsOur mixed‐method analyses show that the federal courts, traditionally the near‐exclusive province of Protestants, have grown more religiously diverse over time. We illustrate that specific, salient political events, including President Wilson's appointment of Supreme Court Justice Brandeis in 1916 and the elections of Presidents Kennedy in 1960 and Carter in 1976, directly influenced the dynamics of religious affiliations in the federal courts.ConclusionsThe ascent of religious diversity in the federal courts was neither smooth nor inevitable. By incorporating the notion of belonging as a measure of religious identity and affiliation, we exhibit that a multifaceted process over time transformed religious diversity in the federal courts.
Opioid prescribing in the Netherlands during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national register-based study
Authors: Ellerbroek Hannah , Schellekens Arnt F A , Kalkman Gerard A , Visser Damian A , Kramers Cornelis , Dahan Albert , van den Heuvel Sandra A S , Bouvy Marcel L , van Dorp Eveline L A 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic and related lockdown measures disrupted global healthcare provision, including opioid prescribing. In North America, opioid sales declined while opioid-related deaths increased. In Europe, the effect of the pandemic on prescribing is not yet known. Given the ongoing increase in opioid-related harm and mortality, it is crucial to analyse the impact of the COVID-19 crisis and lockdown measures on opioid prescribing. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterise opioid prescribing in the Netherlands during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignA nationwide register-based study characterising opioid prescribing using aggregated insurance reimbursement data.SettingDutch healthcare during the first 2 years of the COVID lockdown.ParticipantsThe whole Dutch population.Primary and secondary outcome measuresComparing the number of opioid prescriptions during the pandemic with a prepandemic period using a risk ratio (RR), with separate analysis on the prescription type (first-time or repeat prescription), patients’ sex, age and socioeconomic status. We also explored lockdown effects.ResultsDuring the first lockdown, the total number of new opioid prescriptions and prescriptions to young patients (briefly) decreased (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.89 and RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.75, respectively), but the overall number of opioid prescriptions remained stable throughout the pandemic compared with prepandemic. Women, older patients and patients living in lower socioeconomic areas received more opioids per capita, but the pandemic did not amplify these differences.ConclusionsThe pandemic appears to have had a limited impact on opioid prescribing in the Netherlands. Yet, chronic use of opioids remains an important public health issue.
Methodological issues in measuring psychosocial safety climate: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Amoadu Mustapha , Obeng Paul , Cobbinah Godfred , Salu Promise Kwame , Ofori Godson Obeng , Ansah Edward Wilson 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThis systematic review aims to highlight the methodological inconsistencies in studying psychosocial safety climate (PSC). Highlighting the diverse dimensions and implications of PSC, this review seeks to enhance the replicability and comparability of studies, contributing to the development of standardised measurement techniques for the construct.Methods and analysisThe methodology encompasses a comprehensive search strategy in PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, JSTOR, Embase, Science Direct, ProQuest, Google and Google Scholar from 28 January 2024 to 30 September 2024. A team of trained reviewers, under the guidance of the authors, will scrutinise eligible studies for inclusion based on predefined criteria. This will ensure a diverse yet focused selection of articles aligned with the research objectives. Robust data extraction and appraisal processes will be followed. Adopting a qualitative synthesis approach, the review aims to generate descriptive and analytical themes, uncovering nuanced dimensions of PSC beyond individual study findings. The protocol emphasises consultation with domain experts and a chartered librarian to refine research questions and optimise search strategies for selecting very relevant articles for the review. We will adopt qualitative data synthesis in summarising and presenting the results and findings for our review of PSC methodological issues.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not needed for this systematic review because the data for this review will be extracted from already published journal articles. The protocol for this review has been registered in the Open Science Framework. This review and its findings will be published in an academic journal and or presented at scientific conferences.Trial registration numberOSF registration:https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3UZC2.
Efficacy of postexposure prophylaxis with doxycycline (Doxy-PEP) in reducing sexually transmitted infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sokoll Paulo Roberto , Migliavaca Celina Borges , Döring Stephan , Traub Uschi , Stark Karlin , Sardeli Amanda Veiga 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesThis systematic review aimed to identify the efficacy, adherence, safety and impact on antimicrobial resistance of postexposure prophylaxis with doxycycline (Doxy-PEP) in different populations.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL databases from inception to 29 May 2024. Two reviewers independently screened the studies and extracted data. We included randomised clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of Doxy-PEP within 72 hours after condomless sex. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to compare the risk of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) between Doxy-PEP and no prophylaxis. The risk of bias was assessed with the risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) and the certainty of evidence (CoE) with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).ResultsFour studies were included in the systematic review, totalling 1727 participants. Studies were conducted between 2015 and 2022. Most participants (73%) were men who have sex with men, and the median age of participants varied from 24 to 43 years. Doxy-PEP reduced the risk of having any bacterial STI in different populations by 46% (hazard ratio (HR) 0.54; 95% CI 0.39 to 0.75; CoE moderate), the risk of chlamydia by 65% (relative risk (RR) 0.35; 95% CI 0.15 to 0.82; CoE low) and syphilis by 77% (RR 0.23; 95% CI 0.13 to 0.41; CoE high), without significant effect for risk of gonorrhoea infection (RR 0.90; 95% CI 0.64 to 1.26; CoE very low). The self-reported adherence rate of Doxy-PEP was approximately 80% and one drug-related serious adverse event was reported.ConclusionDoxy-PEP reduced the incidence of chlamydia and syphilis infections. No significant reduction in gonorrhoea infection was observed. This strategy seems promising for some high-risk groups; however, there is still a lack of information on the induction of bacterial resistance and long-term adverse events.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023454123.
Event-by-event comparison between machine-learning- and transfer-matrix-based unfolding methods
Authors: Backes Mathias , Butter Anja , Dunford Monica , Malaescu Bogdan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe unfolding of detector effects is a key aspect of comparing experimental data with theoretical predictions. In recent years, different Machine-Learning methods have been developed to provide novel features, e.g. high dimensionality or a probabilistic single-event unfolding based on generative neural networks. Traditionally, many analyses unfold detector effects using transfer-matrix-based algorithms, which are well established in low-dimensional unfolding. They yield an unfolded distribution of the total spectrum, together with its covariance matrix. This paper proposes a method to obtain probabilistic single-event unfolded distributions, together with their uncertainties and correlations, for the transfer-matrix-based unfolding. The algorithm is first validated on a toy model and then applied to pseudo-data for the $$pp\rightarrow Z\gamma \gamma $$

p
p
→
Z
γ
γ

process. In both examples the performance is compared to the Machine-Learning-based single-event unfolding using an iterative approach with conditional invertible neural networks (IcINN).
Optical appearance of numerical black hole solutions in higher derivative gravity
Authors: Cui Yu-Hao , Guo Sen , Huang Yu-Xiang , Liang Yu , Lin Kai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe optical appearance of the numerically black hole solutions within the higher derivative gravity illuminated by an accretion disk context is discussed. We obtain solutions for non-Schwarzschild black holes with $$r_0=1$$

r
0

=
1

, $$r_0=2$$

r
0

=
2

, and $$r_0=3$$

r
0

=
3

. Further analysis of spacetime trajectories reveals properties similar to Schwarzschild black holes, while the $$r_0=2$$

r
0

=
2

black hole exhibits significant differences. The results reveal the presence of a repulsive potential barrier for the black hole, allowing only particles with energies exceeding a certain threshold to approach it, providing a unique gravitational scenario for non-Schwarzschild black holes. Additionally, the optical images are derived through numerical simulations by discussing the trajectories of photons in the black hole spacetime. The distribution of radiation flux and the effects of gravitational redshift and Doppler shift on the observed radiation flux are considered. Interestingly, previous analyses of the optical appearance of black holes were conducted within the framework of analytic solutions, whereas the analysis of numerical black hole solutions first appears in our analysis.
Bilayer graphene in periodic and quasiperiodic magnetic superlattices
Authors: Fernández David J. , Pavón-Torres O. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStarting from the effective Hamiltonian arising from the tight-binding model, we study the behaviour of low-lying excitations for bilayer graphene placed in periodic external magnetic fields by using irreducible second-order supersymmetry transformations. The coupled system of equations describing these excitations is reduced to a pair of periodic Schrödinger Hamiltonians intertwined by a second-order differential operator. The direct implementation of more general second-order supersymmetry transformations allows to create non-singular Schrödinger potentials with periodicity defects and bound states embedded in the forbidden bands, which turn out to be associated with quasiperiodic magnetic superlattices. Applications in quantum metamaterials stem from the ability to engineer and control such bound states which could lead to a fast development of the subject in the near future.
An Analysis of Albania’s Encounter with International Criminal Justice
Authors: Gerdeci Alba , Jusufi Islam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article aims to provide an account on Albania’s encounter with international criminal justice, reflecting on the data collected under EU cost Action ca18228 and the States’ Scoping Survey. It looks at how Albania has engaged or not engaged with international criminal justice, in relevant provisions of domestic law, in its level of support and cooperation with international and hybrid courts, in domestic prosecutions of international crimes, and memorialisation activities. The findings suggest that the response to international crimes committed in Albania or abroad has been mixed. While little, if any accountability has been sought for the horrendous crimes during its communist past, Albania’s response to international crimes abroad in neighbouring Yugoslav territories was that of justice and accountability for those who committed crimes. The Kosovo War prompted a strategic shift in Albania’s approach, as the Kosovo Specialist Chambers (ksc) faced criticism highlighting tensions between accountability and nationalistic sentiments.
Mare Tutum: Thucydides, King Minos, and the Concept of the ‘Secure Sea’ in Seventeenth-Century Maritime Law
Authors: Batson Alexander 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article examines a crucial argument in seventeenth-century maritime law: the concept of mare tutum, or ‘the secure sea’. According to this idea, the sea was characterized by chaotic piracy and required a strong central governing authority to impose order. Once the sea was secure, the ruler would reap the rewards of commerce and tariff revenues. Mare tutum espoused the idea of sea sovereignty for the goal of economic growth. Crucial to this idea was Thucydides’ account of the Cretan King Minos. The jurists Nicolaes Bonaert, Pietro Battista Borghi, and Giovanni Palazzi used the model of Minos’ Aegean thalassocracy to argue for Portuguese, Genoese, and Venetian control of the seas. The article illuminates the hitherto unknown importance of Thucydides in maritime law. It also complicates the traditional mare liberum/mare clausum framework by positing a third option which focused on control of the seas as a means to fostering trade and economic growth.
Development of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Program in Ventral Hernia
Authors: Ewing John K. , Cassling Kyle E. , Hanneman Michael A. , Broucek Joseph R. , Raymond Britany L. , Pierce Richard A. , Geiger Timothy M. , Bradley Joel F. 
Published: August 2024

Background Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs have spread after initial success in colorectal surgery decreasing length of stay (LOS) and decreasing opioid consumption. Adoption of ERAS specifically for ventral hernia patients remains in evolution. This study presents the development and implementation of an ERAS pathway for ventral hernia. Methods A multidisciplinary team met weekly over 6 months to develop an ERAS pathway specific to ventral hernia patients. 75 process components and outcome measures were included, spanning multiple phases of care: Preoperative-Clinic, Preoperative Day of Surgery (DOS), Intraoperative, and Postoperative. Preoperative components included education and physiologic optimization. Pain control across phases of care focuses on nonopioid, multimodal analgesia. Postoperatively, the pathway emphasizes early diet advancement, early mobilization, and minimization of IV fluids. We compared compliance and outcome measures between a Pre Go-Live (PGL) period (9/1/2020-8/30/2021) and After Go-live (AGL) period (5/12/2022-5/19/2023). Results There were 125 patients in the PGL group and 169 patients in the AGL group. Overall, ERAS compliance increased from 73.9% to 82.9% after implementation. Length of stay decreased from an average of 2.27 days PGL to 1.92 days AGL. Finally, the average daily postoperative opioid usage decreased from 25.4 to 13.5 MME after the implementation. Discussion Enhanced Recovery After Surgery can be successfully applied to the care of hernia patients with improvements in LOS and decreased opioid consumption. Institutional support and multidisciplinary cooperation were key for the development of such a program.
Post-seismic topographic shifts and delayed vegetation recovery in the epicentral area of the 2018 Mw 6.6 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake
Authors: Jie Dou , Xiang Zilin , Wang Xiekang , Zheng Penglin , Avtar Ram , Xinyu Chen , Scaringi Gianvito , Wanqi Luo , Yunus Ali P 
Published: August 2024

The 2018, Mw 6.6 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake in Japan triggered over 10,000 landsliding in an area spanning about 500 km2, altering the local topography and leading to the accumulation of loose deposits on hillslopes and in valleys. However, a comprehensive post-seismic landslide inventory and an assessment of topographic changes are lacking, hindering a quantitative hazard assessment. Additionally, the extent of vegetation recovery in areas affected by coseismic landslides, a key indicator of post-seismic debris flow hazard, has not been evaluated. Here, we utilize high-resolution digital elevation models and multi-temporal satellite imagery to analyze topographic changes and vegetation dynamics in the earthquake’s epicentral area (seismic intensity >5.5). We observe that the event roughened the overall gentle topography of the region and made the slopes steeper. Owing to the absence of significant rainstorms and snowmelt post 2018, only a few debris remobilizations (60) and new landslides (80) have occurred in the affected region. Moreover, we noticed a slow vegetation recovery in the post-seismic phase, suggesting that the likelihood of debris flows and gully erosion remains elevated, highlighting the need for continued monitoring and assessment.
Flavone attenuates nicotine-induced lung injury in rats exposed to gamma radiation via modulating PI3K/Nrf2 and FoxO1/NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Elsayed Nora A , Marzouk Mohammed A , Moawed Fatma SM , Ahmed Esraa SA , Abo-Zaid Omayma AR 
Published: August 2024

Prolonged exposure to different occupational or environmental toxicants triggered oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions mediated lung damage. This study was designed to explore the influence and protective impact of flavone on lung injury in rats intoxicated with nicotine (NIC) and exposed to radiation (IR). Forty rats were divided into four groups; group I control, group II flavone; rats were administered with flavone (25 mg/kg/day), group III NIC + IR; rats were injected intraperitoneally with NIC (1 mg/kg/day) and exposed to γ-IR (3.5 Gy once/week for 2 weeks) while group IV NIC + IR + flavone; rats were injected with NIC, exposed to IR and administered with flavone. Redox status parameters and histopathological changes in lung tissue were evaluated. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), forkhead box O-class1 (FoxO1) and nucleotide-binding domain- (NOD-) like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) gene expression were measured in lung tissues. Moreover, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and phosphatidylinositol three kinase (PI3K) were measured using ELISA kits. Our data demonstrates, for the first time, that flavone protects the lung from NIC/IR-associated cytotoxicity, by attenuating the disrupted redox status and aggravating the antioxidant defence mechanism via activation of the PI3K/Nrf2. Moreover, flavone alleviates pulmonary inflammation by inhibiting the inflammatory signaling pathway FOXO1/NF-κB/NLRP3- Inflammasome. Collectively, the obtained results exhibited a notable efficiency of flavone in alleviating lung injury induced by NIC and IR via modulating PI3K/Nrf2 and FoxO1/NLRP3 Inflammasome.