bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of feeding a weight loss food beyond a caloric restriction period on body composition and resistance to weight gain in dogs
Authors: Floerchinger Amanda M. , Jackson Matthew I. , Jewell Dennis E. , MacLeay Jennifer M. , Paetau-Robinson Inke , Hahn Kevin A. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Objective—To determine the effect of feeding a food with coconut oil and supplemental l-carnitine, lipoic acid, lysine, leucine, and fiber on weight loss and maintenance in dogs.
Design—Prospective clinical study
Animals—50 overweight dogs.
Procedures—The study consisted of 2 trials. During trial 1, 30 dogs were allocated to 3 groups (10 dogs/group) to be fed a dry maintenance dog food to maintain body weight (group 1) or a dry test food at the same amount on a mass (group 2) or energy (group 3) basis as group 1. During trial 2, each of 20 dogs was fed the test food and caloric intake was adjusted to maintain a weight loss rate of 1% to 2%/wk (weight loss phase). Next, each dog was fed the test food in an amount calculated to maintain the body weight achieved at the end of the weight loss phase (weight maintenance phase). Dogs were weighed and underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry monthly. Metabolomic data were determined before (baseline) and after each phase.
Results—During trial 1, dogs in groups 2 and 3 lost significantly more weight than did those in group 1. During trial 2, dogs lost a significant amount of body weight and fat mass but retained lean body mass (LBM) during the weight loss phase and continued to lose body fat but gained LBM during the weight maintenance phase. Evaluation of metabolomic data suggested that fat metabolism and LBM retention were improved from baseline for dogs fed the test food.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that feeding overweight dogs the test food caused weight loss and improvements in body condition during the weight-maintenance phase, possibly because the food composition improved energy metabolism.
Venous blood gas analytes during isoflurane anesthesia in black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)
Authors: Gardhouse Sara M. , Eshar David , Bello Nora , Mason Diane 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Objective—To describe changes in venous blood gas analytes during isoflurane anesthesia in black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus).
Design—Prospective study.
Animals—16 black-tailed prairie dogs.
Procedures—Black-tailed prairie dogs were placed in an anesthesia chamber for induction of general anesthesia, which was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen delivered via mask. Immediately following anesthetic induction, a venous blood sample was obtained from the medial saphenous vein; a second venous blood sample was obtained just prior to anesthetic gas shutoff. An evaluation of venous blood gas analytes was performed on each sample. General linear mixed models with repeated measures were used for data analyses.
Results—Median anesthetic time was 90 minutes (range, 60 to 111 minutes). A significant increase from immediately after induction to completion of anesthesia was observed in Pco2 and mean blood chloride ion, BUN, and creatinine concentrations. A decrease in Po2, mean blood pH, and anion gap was observed from induction of anesthesia to completion. No significant differences during anesthesia were observed in mean base excess or blood bicarbonate, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, blood glucose, lactate, and total CO2 concentrations. No complications occurred during or after anesthesia for any animal.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Examination of prairie dogs often requires general anesthesia, with isoflurane currently the inhalation agent of choice. Results suggested respiratory acidosis and relative azotemia may occur during isoflurane anesthesia of prairie dogs. Given the increased risk associated with anesthesia in small mammals and the propensity for respiratory disease in prairie dogs, insight into physiologic changes associated with isoflurane anesthesia in healthy prairie dogs can aid in perioperative evaluation and anesthetic monitoring in this rodent species.
Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level Could Predict the Risk for Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis
Authors: Pi Hai-Chen , Ren Ye-Ping , Wang Qin , Xu Rong , Dong Jie 
Published: July 2015

Background As an immune system regulator, vitamin D is commonly deficient among patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD), which may contribute to their impaired immune function and increased risk for PD-related peritonitis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency could predict the risk of peritonitis in a prospective cohort of patients on PD. Methods We collected 346 prevalent and incident PD patients from 2 hospitals. Baseline demographic data and clinical characteristics were recorded. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) was measured at baseline and prior to peritonitis. The mean doses of oral active vitamin D used during the study period were also recorded. The outcome was the occurrence of peritonitis. Results The mean age of patients and duration of PD were 58.95 ± 13.67 years and 28.45 (15.04 – 53.37) months, respectively. Baseline 25(OH)D level was 16.15 (12.13 – 21.16) nmol/L, which was closely associated with diabetic status, longer PD duration, malnutrition, and inflammation. Baseline serum 25(OH)D predicted the occurrence of peritonitis independently of active vitamin D supplementation with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90 – 0.98) after adjusting for recognized confounders (age, gender, dialysis duration, diabetes, albumin, residual renal function, and history of peritonitis). Compared to the low tertile, middle and high 25(OH)D level tertiles were associated with a decreased risk for peritonitis with HRs of 0.54 (95% CI 0.31 – 0.94) and 0.39 (95% CI 0.20 – 0.75), respectively. Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency evaluated by serum 25(OH)D rather than active vitamin D supplementation is closely associated with a higher risk of peritonitis.
Chronic Psoriatic Skin Inflammation Leads to Increased Monocyte Adhesion and Aggregation
Authors: Golden Jackelyn B. , Groft Sarah G. , Squeri Michael V. , Debanne Sara M. , Ward Nicole L. , McCormick Thomas S. , Cooper Kevin D. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Psoriasis patients exhibit an increased risk of death by cardiovascular disease (CVD) and have elevated levels of circulating intermediate (CD14++CD16+) monocytes. This elevation could represent evidence of monocyte dysfunction in psoriasis patients at risk for CVD, as increases in circulating CD14++CD16+ monocytes are predictive of myocardial infarction and death. An elevation in the CD14++CD16+ cell population has been previously reported in patients with psoriatic disease, which has been confirmed in the cohort of our human psoriasis patients. CD16 expression was induced in CD14++CD16− classical monocytes following plastic adhesion, which also elicited enhanced β2 but not β1 integrin surface expression, suggesting increased adhesive capacity. Indeed, we found that psoriasis patients have increased monocyte aggregation among circulating PBMCs, which is recapitulated in the KC-Tie2 murine model of psoriasis. Visualization of human monocyte aggregates using imaging cytometry revealed that classical (CD14++CD16−) monocytes are the predominant cell type participating in these aggregate pairs. Many of these pairs also included CD16+ monocytes, which could account for apparent elevations of intermediate monocytes. Additionally, intermediate monocytes and monocyte aggregates were the predominant cell type to adhere to TNF-α– and IL-17A–stimulated dermal endothelium. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis demonstrated that monocyte aggregates have a distinct transcriptional profile from singlet monocytes and monocytes following plastic adhesion, suggesting that circulating monocyte responses to aggregation are not fully accounted for by homotypic adhesion, and that further factors influence their functionality.
Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier Alters IFN Response
Authors: Maarifi Ghizlane , Maroui Mohamed Ali , Dutrieux Jacques , Dianoux Laurent , Nisole Sébastien , Chelbi-Alix Mounira K. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
IFNs orchestrate immune defense through induction of hundreds of genes. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is involved in various cellular functions, but little is known about its role in IFN responses. Prior work identified STAT1 SUMOylation as an important mode of regulation of IFN-γ signaling. In this study, we investigated the roles of SUMO in IFN signaling, gene expression, protein stability, and IFN-induced biological responses. We first show that SUMO overexpression leads to STAT1 SUMOylation and to a decrease in IFN-induced STAT1 phosphorylation. Interestingly, IFNs exert a negative retrocontrol on their own signaling by enhancing STAT1 SUMOylation. Furthermore, we show that expression of each SUMO paralog inhibits IFN-γ–induced transcription without affecting that of IFN-α. Further, we focused on IFN-induced gene products associated to promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies, and we show that neither IFN-α nor IFN-γ could increase PML and Sp100 protein expression because they enhanced their SUMO3 conjugation and subsequent proteasomal degradation. Because it is known that SUMO3 is important for the recruitment of RING finger protein 4, a poly–SUMO-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase, and that PML acts as a positive regulator of IFN-induced STAT1 phosphorylation, we went on to show that RING finger protein 4 depletion stabilizes PML and is correlated with a positive regulation of IFN signaling. Importantly, inhibition of IFN signaling by SUMO is associated with a reduction of IFN-induced apoptosis, cell growth inhibition, antiviral defense, and chemotaxis. Conversely, inhibition of SUMOylation results in higher IFN-γ–induced STAT1 phosphorylation and biological responses. Altogether, our results uncover a new role for SUMO in the modulation of IFN response.
Quantum Families of Invertible Maps and Related Problems
Authors: Skalski Adam , Sołtan Piotr 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe notion of families of quantum invertible maps (C*–algebra homomorphisms satisfying Podleś condition) is employed to strengthen and reinterpret several results concerning universal quantum groups acting on finite quantum spaces. In particular, Wang's quantum automorphism groups are shown to be universal with respect to quantum families of invertible maps. Further, the construction of the Hopf image of Banica and Bichon is phrased in purely analytic language and employed to define the quantum subgroup generated by a family of quantum subgroups or, more generally, a family of quantum invertible maps.
MELANOMA: PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE CINCO ANOS EM UM HOSPITAL DE CURITIBA-PR
Authors: Franzon Valéria Aparecida Zanela , Loro Luiara Stefanelo , Pandolfo Gustavo 
Published: July 2015

Introdução: O melanoma cutâneo (MC) é a terceira neoplasia mais frequente na pele, entretanto é a de pior prognóstico. Mesmo sendo pouco prevalente, representa uma séria ameaça de saúde pública em virtude de ocasionar altas taxas de morbimortalidade. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma triagem nos prontuários de pacientes diagnosticados com MC durante cinco anos em um serviço especializado em câncer de pele da cidade de Curitiba/PR, a fim de conhecer as características desta neoplasia nessa população. Métodos: Realizou-se uma análise restrospectiva através da verificação de prontuários de pacientes com MC, diagnosticados no período compreendido entre janeiro de 2007 e dezembro de 2011, em um serviço especializado em câncer de pele da cidade de Curitiba/PR. Resultados: A amostra consistiu em 23 casos de MC de sítio primário, sendo lentigo maligno (43,4%), extensivo superficial (26%), nodular (17,6%) e não especificado (13%). Dentre estes 3 com Breslow ≥4mm, todos em pacientes do sexo masculino. Em contrapartida, em 43,4% dos pacientes não foi possível aplicar o índice de Breslow, em virtude do lentigo maligno melanoma caracterizar-se por ser in situ. Identificou-se homens com diagnóstico mais tardio em relação às mulheres, já que 80% deles possuíam um Breslow >1mm. Conclusão: Sugere-se maior divulgação dos cuidados com a exposição solar e melhor formação para que o médico clínico geral seja um identificador de MC o mais precocemente possível, podendo, assim, encaminhar o paciente para uma abordagem com maior possibilidade de cura.
DO EDITOR
Authors: Carvalho Maurício 
Published: July 2015

Em tempos difíceis costuma-se dizer que a adversidade traz consigo oportunidades. Entretanto, como avançar em tempos de crise? Talvez a resposta mais simples seja: inovar de forma genuína. E, particularmente, dentro da Universidade, promover a fina interação do binômio docência/pesquisa com o aluno. Almejar a autonomia intelectual e moral como finalidade da educação contemporânea1. Com o pensamento exposto acima, é muito oportuno nesta edição da RMU o editorial “DANC: Passado, Presente e Futuro”. O resgate científico e cultural do Diretório Acadêmico Nilo Cairo (DANC) foi um compromisso assumido pela atual gestão. A RMU abre suas páginas para todas as iniciativas de pesquisa e extensão deste importante órgão representativo dos alunos da UFPR. Entre os vários artigos desta edição, destaco o estudo sobre depressão e ansiedade no pré-operatório e a utilidade da vancocinemia em pacientes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva.Outro destaque desta edição refere-se ao Journal Club, com realce para as possibilidades terapêuticas na hepatite alcoólica. E o exercício diagnóstico do Quiz, com um caso clínico desafiador para os melhores internistas.Bom proveito,
Determinantes do Investimento Agregado no Brasil no período 1995-2013
Authors: Silva Renato  José , Rodrigues Rossana Lott , Ferreira Carlos Roberto 
Published: July 2015

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar os determinantes do investimento agregado (FBKF) do Brasil, no período 1995-2013. Inicialmente é realizado um panorama da evolução recente do investimento privado no país e sua importância para o desenvolvimento econômico. O artigo apresenta as principais teorias sobre o investimento, bem como um breve survey empírico dos principais estudos já desenvolvidos sobre o tema. A partir dos resultados empíricos e das teorias Keynesianas e neoclássicas do investimento, formulou-se o modelo econométrico Autorregressivo com Defasagens Distribuídas (ARDL). Os resultados demonstraram que o PIB, a carga tributária, a taxa de juros, operações de crédito e os investimentos passados determinaram o investimento agregado no Brasil no período em estudo, obtendo sinais dos coeficientes estimados condizentes com a teoria econômica. Os resultados indicam que diminuir a carga tributária brasileira, sem obter déficits primários e com melhor alocação de recursos, em conjunto com a redução da taxa de juros que não gere pressão inflacionária, e compromisso com políticas e programas de desenvolvimento econômico permanente são caminhos para fomentar o investimento brasileiro.
Análise espacial do nível de desenvolvimento dos municípiosdo estado do Paraná
Authors: Marconato Marcio , Brambilla Marcos Aurélio , Nascimento Sidnei Pereira do 
Published: July 2015

O objetivo do presente estudo é apresentar os indicadores de desenvolvimento para os municípios do estado do Paraná nos anos de 2000 e de 2010, e verificar a relação entre desenvolvimento e educação. Foram utilizados três indicadores, o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH), o índice FIRJAN de desenvolvimento municipal (IFDM) e o Índice IPARDES de desenvolvimento dos municípios (IPDM). Utilizou-se a metodologia de Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais. Os resultados indicam relação espacial positiva entre os indicadores analisados, assim, os municípios com elevado índice de desenvolvimento eram cercados por municípios na mesma situação. O regime espacial Alto-Alto aparece predominantemente nas mesorregiões Norte e Oeste, já o agrupamento espacial Baixo-Baixo foi observado nas mesorregiões Centro Sul, Oriental e Metropolitana de Curitiba. Com a análise multivariada foi possível constatar relação positiva entre desenvolvimento e educação, as associações espaciais Alto-Alto foram observadas na mesorregião Norte e Oeste, o regime espacial Baixo-Baixo aparece concentrado na mesorregião Centro Sul, Oriental e Metropolitana de Curitiba. O estudo conclui que durante o período analisado os agrupamentos espaciais com alto e baixo desenvolvimento estão concentrados nas mesmas localidades, os municípios com elevado índice de desenvolvimento estão cercados por vizinhos na mesma situação e essas localidades apresentam melhores índices de educação
GraSP: distributed streaming graph partitioning
Authors: Battaglino Casey , Pienta Pienta , Vuduc Richard 
Published: July 2015

This paper presents a distributed, streaming graph parti-
tioner, Graph Streaming Partitioner (GraSP), which makes
partition decisions as each vertex is read from memory, sim-
ulating an online algorithm that must process nodes as they
arrive. GraSP is a lightweight high-performance comput-
ing (HPC) library implemented in MPI, designed to be easily
substituted for existing HPC partitioners such as ParMETIS.
It is the rst MPI implementation for streaming partition-
ing of which we are aware, and is empirically orders-of-
magnitude faster than existing partitioners while providing
comparable partitioning quality. We demonstrate the scala-
bility of GraSP on up to 1024 compute nodes of NERSC's
Edison supercomputer. Given a minute of run-time, GraSP
can partition a graph three orders of magnitude larger than
ParMETIS can.
Extending the ‘Five Domains’ model for animal welfare assessment to incorporate positive welfare states
Authors: Mellor DJ , Beausoleil NJ 
Published: July 2015

AbstractContemporary animal welfare thinking is increasingly emphasising the promotion of positive states. There is a need for existing assessment frameworks to accommodate this shift in emphasis. This paper describes extensions to the Five Domains model, originally devised to assess welfare compromise, that facilitate consideration of positive experiences that may enhance welfare. As originally configured, the model provided a systematic method for identifying compromise in four physical/functional domains (nutrition, environment, health, behaviour) and in one mental domain that reflects the animal's overall welfare state understood in terms of its affective experiences. The specific modifications described here now facilitate additional identification in each domain of experiences animals have which may be accompanied by positive affects that would enhance welfare. It is explained why the grading scale and indices for evaluating welfare compromise necessarily differ from those for assessing welfare enhancement. Also, it is shown that the compromise and enhancement grades can be combined to provide a single informative symbol, the scaled use of which covers the range from severe welfare compromise and no enhancement to no compromise and high-level enhancement. Adapted thus, the Five Domains model facilitates systematic and structured assessment of positive as well as negative welfare-related affects, the circumstances that give rise to them and potential interactions between both types of affect, all of which extend the utility of the model. Moreover, clarification of the extended conceptual framework of the model itself contributes to the growing contextual shift in animal welfare science towards the promotion of positive states whilst continuing to minimise negative states.
Positive reinforcement training: a tool for care and management of captive vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops)
Authors: Spiezio C , Piva F , Regaiolli B , Vaglio S 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn modern zoos, training should be an integral component of the animal care and management. The benefits of training include the opportunity for positive interactions with caretakers. This study was carried out with a group of vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) housed at the Garda Zoological Park, Italy. Using focal animal sampling, we observed the behaviour performed by all group members from December 2007 to August 2008. The group took part in a training programme to be isolated in a familiar area before the subjects were included in a cognitive study. We collected behavioural data during a pre-training period to assess the social behaviour of the colony and during the training period to investigate the effects of the training programme on the behaviour of individuals. Additionally, a second phase of the study was conducted and training sessions with individual monkeys were video-recorded to determine the behaviour of animals during each training session and to thus confirm that they were suitable for participating in the procedure. Our results suggest that the training programme enriched the daily routine of these captive primates by increasing affiliative behaviours while decreasing agonistic behaviours. Furthermore, there was behavioural response variability among the individuals under the training procedure. However, all the individuals were trained to calmly enter a familiar area and be isolated from other members of the group. In conclusion, our findings highlight the importance of using positive reinforcement training to reduce the tension directly associated with potentially stressful procedures by allowing primates to participate voluntarily in these procedures. In addition, the training was found to be an enrichment tool for vervet monkeys.
Assessment of temperament traits of white-lipped (Tayassu pecari) and collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu) during handling in a farmed environment
Authors: Nogueira SSC , Macêdo JF , Sant’Anna AC , Nogueira-Filho SLG , Paranhos da Costa MJR 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWhite-lipped (Tayassu pecari) and collared (Pecari tajacu) peccaries can be farmed as an alternative to subsistence hunting in Neotropical countries. The animals often show high reactivity to handling, usually involving capture with a net, which is a cause for concern because it poses risks to both animals’ and keepers’ welfare. We aimed to assess the temperament of both peccary species, evaluating animals’ reactions during handling, providing an emotional indicator and a new animal selection criterion for peccary farms. Three indicators were used to assess the temperament of 17 white-lipped and 19 collared peccaries: qualitative behaviour assessment (QBA, by using 12 behavioural adjectives); time to drive each animal through a corridor into a chute (TD, s); and flight speed (FS, m s−1). A Principal Components Analysis was performed for the QBA data to define a temperament index (TI). White-lipped peccaries showed TI scores associated with worse temperament traits than collared peccaries. White-lipped peccaries showed higher TD and FS means than collared peccaries. We found a correlation between TD and FS, but not between TD and TI, nor between FS and TI. The lack of correlation between all temperament indicators occurred, probably, because they measure different aspects of peccaries’ reactions toward humans and the farm environment during handling. A wide phenotypic variability was found among individuals within both species’ populations. The results provide an opportunity to address the role of temperament assessment, improving handling procedures and exploring the possibility of including temperament as a selection criterion in captive breeding programmes.