bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation method of comprehensive contribution index of virtual power plant based on improved fuzzy analytic hierarchy process
Authors: Yang Zhongguang , Liang Weipeng , Du Yang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A comprehensive assessment of the comprehensiveness of the internal resources of the virtual power plant (VPP) can fully tap the potential of the internal resources of the VPP and stimulate the internal aggregation of resources of the VPP, which is of positive significance to improve the safety of the power grid. This paper researches this. First, it analyzes the evaluation indicators of the comprehensive contribution of VPP, establishes a scientific and accurate index evaluation system, and evaluates the contribution of VPP from the three aspects of reliability, economy, and safety. Secondly, it calculates the weights corresponding to the fuzzy hierarchical analysis method and the entropy weight method of each index in turn, fits the weights of the two to obtain the combined weights, determines the evaluation results of the four levels of the evaluation system, and finally analyzes them in combination with examples. The results show that based on an improved fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, the optimal selection strategy for the internal resources of the virtual power plant is determined, and reference suggestions are put forward for the resource mix of the VPP.
Sequential disaster recovery strategy for distribution network considering maintenance crew scheduling
Authors: Qi Mutao , Zhang Feng , Zhang Gang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
To efficiently restore electricity customers from a large-scale blackout, this paper proposes a novel mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model for the optimal disaster recovery of power distribution systems. The physical maintenance crew (PMC) repairs damaged components and fosters synergy between the PMC scheduling model and the load restoration scheme. This collaboration generates optimal control sequences for scheduling maintenance routes and managing switches. Furthermore, there is a mismatch between the time scales of maintenance personnel scheduling and equipment repair, which can span from minutes to hours, and the much shorter time scales involved in load restoration and switching actions. To reconcile this mismatch, a “maintenance event triggering” mechanism is suggested. This mechanism aims to achieve harmony between the longer and shorter time frames, ensuring seamless integration and optimal performance. Finally, this paper verified the practical effect of this co-optimization model on a modified IEEE33 busbar test system.
A two-stage optimization control strategy of private EVs and public EBs for system resilience enhancement
Authors: Hou Meng , Xue Honglin , Hu Heng , Yang Chengpeng , Hao Xiaowei , Chen Yunpeng , Zhang Xi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Deploying microgrids (MG) in metropolitan cities is entitled to the increasing frequency of extreme meteorological events in recent years. In this context, effective vehicle-to-grid (V2G) control strategies are pivotal in upholding the essential loads of an energy system during MG islanding scenarios. This paper explores the advantages of resilience enhancement through intelligent V2G services in an urban multi-energy microgrid (MEMG). Then it compares the effect of private electric vehicle (PrEV) collaboration with public electric bus (PuEB) collaboration on system resilience. A two-stage optimization approach is proposed to obtain an aggregate response plan and allocate the aggregate charging/discharging power to PrEVs or puEBs. Simulation results indicate that the coordinated operation of prEVs or puEBs based on the proposed strategy can significantly alleviate essential load curtailment during extreme operation conditions.
Research on equivalent ice thickness monitoring model of overhead transmission lines based on representative span
Authors: Yin Weihua , Luo Guocai , Jian Lingyun , Liao Tingjian , Xiao Qian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper aims to enhance the precision and efficiency of the calculation model for the equivalent icing thickness of tangent towers. The current calculation model for equivalent icing thickness of transmission lines lacks consideration of the influence of representative spans and controlled meteorological conditions. It also overlooks the impact of the concentrated load of the tension insulator string on the suspension shape of the conductor, as well as the compensatory capability of the suspension insulator string to counteract stress on the overhead transmission lines when deflected, resulting in calculation deviations. To resolve these issues, this paper investigates the dynamic characteristics of transmission line parameters and proposes a calculation model for equivalent icing thickness based on the representative span. The improved model demonstrates enhanced efficiency and accuracy in measuring the equivalent icing thickness for on-line icing-monitoring of transmission lines. Experimental results confirm a reduction in relative error compared to reference values, with the relative error gradually decreasing as ice thickness increases, indicating enhanced accuracy. The efficacy of this model is substantiated through experiments, offering a more efficient and precise method for monitoring ice thickness in engineering applications.
Research on flexible job shop scheduling problems based on deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Qiao Dongping , Li Honglei , Hu Jihao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The flexible job shop scheduling problem is a typical class of combinatorial optimization problems and one of the classical NP-hard problems. By optimizing the scheduling scheme, it can realize the reasonable arrangement of the production line, improve the utilization rate of the equipment, reduce the production cycle, and thus enhance the competitiveness of the enterprise. Therefore, this article focuses on the complexity of solving flexible job shop scheduling problems, with the optimization objective of minimizing the maximum completion time. A dual channel state feature is established as the input of the neural network, and 22 combined heuristic scheduling rules are used as the output of the neural network. Action effectiveness exploration and utilization strategies are adopted to select the best action, and a reward function based on machine utilization is designed. Finally, standard cases were used to experiment with the algorithm’s solving time, verifying the effectiveness and generalization of the proposed algorithm.
Design of automatic and integrated calibration device for dynamic characteristics of eddy-current sensor
Authors: Ma Jiang , Qiu Shiqiang , Deng Guanghua , Xu Xiang , Yao Jia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
To realize the dynamic calibration of eddy current sensor with high precision and high efficiency in a wide frequency range, a set of standard shaking table was designed as the actuator for the dynamic calibration of eddy current sensor, and the modal analysis and harmonic response analysis of the vibration disk were completed. At the same time, the control system was designed based on FPGA. The design of control system includes the design of signal generator with adjustable frequency and amplitude, data collector and communication module. Finally, the dynamic test and analysis of the eddy current sensor dynamic calibration disk was completed and the calibration accuracy of the standard vibration table is verified by comparative method. The deviation is less than 3% at the whole frequency band from 10-500HZ, which meets the design requirements.
Analysis of amplitude and dissipation factor of AT-cut quartz crystal resonators over a wide temperature range
Authors: Zhang Duanqin , Dou Linpeng , Liu Jia , Nie Jing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Quartz Crystal Resonators (QCR) are fundamental components of Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring (QCM-D) sensors, which are highly sensitive to temperature. First, theoretical and finite element models of an AT-cut QCR considering temperature coupling are established. Subsequently, the effects of quartz substrate shape and thermal stress on the amplitude and dissipation factor of the resonator across a broad temperature range are analyzed by using the constructed finite element simulation model. The results indicate that the dissipation factor shows little correlation with the shape and thermal stresses across a broad range of temperature fluctuations. The amplitude decreases gradually as the temperature rises, and the circular substrate experiences a relatively smaller rate of change compared to the squared one. Additionally, thermal stresses contribute to reducing the resonator’s amplitude.
Research on settlement stress detection and control measures for in-service pipelines in valve chamber
Authors: Xia Li , Wu Jia , Shi Laimin , Chen Zhang , Zhou Zhonghe , Chen Kang , Tang Xiatao , Xu Lintao , Liu Qiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The non-uniform settlement of the valve chamber can easily lead to pipeline tilting and deformation and even cause the consequences of tearing, seriously threatening the safety of pipeline operation. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct stress detection on the in-service valve chamber pipeline and study the severity of the impact of non-uniform settlement on the pipeline. For a valve chamber with non-uniform settlement in a coastal area, the ultrasonic stress detection method was used for stress detection of in-service gas pipelines. The corresponding relationship between wave velocity and stress was analyzed using acoustic elasticity theory. An ultrasonic stress detection instrument was used for on-site measurement applications, and the stress state and level of gas pipelines in the valve chamber were evaluated based on the stress detection results. The results show that under current conditions, the stress at each measuring point of the gas transmission pipeline in the valve chamber does not exceed the yield strength of the pipe. Still, the stress values at some measuring points have exceeded the allowable stress. Appropriate settlement control measures have been taken to ensure the safe operation of the pipeline.
Machine learning-based crack prediction modeling of laser cladding coatings
Authors: Cui Jiahuan , Zhang Yanhui , Lv Weiyan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Because of its flexibility, precision, and strong generalization capacity, machine learning offers a whole new research viewpoint to the fields of materials science and engineering when compared to traditional experimental and computer simulation methods. This paper adopts laser cladding cracking research as the application background. A prediction model for small datasets is established using well-developed prediction algorithms, and a crack prediction model with superior generalizability, accuracy, and efficiency for cladding is proposed. The findings indicate that the tendency to crack increases with scanning speed, but it decreases with laser power; the random forest-based crack density prediction model has an accuracy of 90.1% and a coefficient of determination of R
2 = 0.874, which can better realize the prediction of the density and enhance some engineering practice guidelines.
Temperature field reconstruction of hot blast furnace shell based on DE-RBF hybrid algorithm
Authors: Zhang Jun , Li Zhanlong , Li Hong , Cao Junqin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the radial basis function interpolation algorithm in spatial interpolation techniques to determine the temperature distribution pattern on the furnace shell, serving as a crucial tool for ironmaking. First of all, three types of arrangement schemes for temperature sensors are initially established. The principle of radial basis function interpolation on the outer surface of the hot blast furnace shell is analyzed. Based on this analysis, an objective function linking RBF parameters and the root-mean-square-error(RMSE) of the reconstructed results is formulated. The optimal parameters of RBF are determined using the differential evolution (DE) algorithm. The average absolute error value, RMSE, and coefficient of determination of the reconstructed temperature field are utilized as evaluation metrics. The study was compared to the weighted radial basis function (RBF) interpolation algorithm to determine the temperature distribution pattern on the furnace shell. The method is being compared to the weighted RBF. These findings show that the RBF, when optimized with the Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm, outperforms the weighted radial basis function interpolation algorithm with reductions in average absolute error value and RMSE by 3.37% and 4.07%, and an improvement in the coefficient of determination by 3.99%. This enhancement results in a more effective reconstruction of the temperature field.
Theoretical modeling and vibration characteristics analysis of acoustic black hole beam
Authors: Li Wenzhen , Zhou Quan , Chen Zanxu , Ye Xi , Wang Hongfu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Acoustic Black Holes (ABH) can concentrate and capture the energy of waves in specific regions of a structure. They offer significant advantages and application potential in manipulating bending waves and reducing vibrations and noise in thin-walled structures. This paper focuses on the ABH beam structure, employing a semi-analytical method to analyze its vibration characteristics. Firstly, an improved triangular series is used as the displacement-permitting function for the ABH beam. Based on the Ritz method, a semi-analytical model for the ABH beam is established. The modal analysis of the ABH beam is solved, showing good agreement with numerical results, and validating the reliability of the semi-analytical method. Subsequently, the forced vibration response of the ABH beam is studied in comparison to a homogeneous beam. The bandgap characteristics and vibration-damping properties of the ABH beam are analyzed. The results indicate that the ABH beam has multiple vibration suppression bandgaps compared to a homogeneous beam, and after applying damping to the ABH beam, it exhibits a certain level of vibration suppression effect.
Thickness uniformity, electrical properties, and stress of sputtered TiN thin films
Authors: Wang Junbao , Ma Dianguo , Wang Lu , Liu Yunyun , Lv Yiying , Tian Xiaozhong , Liang Lanju , Xiao Weiwei , Gao Ju 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The development of microelectronic and semiconductor devices has put forward higher requirements for the growth quality of TiN thin films. In this paper, TiN thin films were grown using magnetron sputtering technology on 50°C monocrystalline silicon substrates. The effects of preparation factors (sputtering power and argon/nitrogen ratio) on TiN films were studied by X-ray diffractometer, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, four-probe instrument, and stress measuring instrument. The experimental results show that the sputtering power and argon/nitrogen flow ratio have important effects on the thickness distribution. As the sputtering power increases, the surface of TiN thin films becomes flat and smooth. Meanwhile, the reduction of the argon/nitrogen flow ratio was helpful in improving the growth quality of the films. Using optimized preparation process parameters, uniformly high-compressive-stressed and high-resistivity TiN films could be obtained at lower argon/nitrogen flow rates.
Thermal conductivity experiment of interface material based on graphite sheet
Authors: Zhang Xue , Qian Jiyu , Wei Tao , Liu Xuewen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Graphite sheets, recognized for their exceptional thermal conductivity, where in-plane thermal conductivity can surpass 1000 W/m·K, are examined in this study for their impact on the thermal resistance of cooling devices. This investigation focuses on how the installation torque of graphite sheet interface material, along with the contact surface’s roughness and flatness, influences the overall thermal resistance. The findings reveal that integrating a graphite sheet at the interface markedly enhances the interface thermal contact resistance, with increased roughness and flatness further reducing the thermal contact resistance. Specifically, at an installation torque of 0.3 N·m, a flatness of 0.05 mm, and a roughness of 0.8 μm, without filler, using 0.2 mm tin bismuth foil, and 0.2 mm graphite, thermal contact resistance was measured at 2.96, 2.52, and 1.09 K·cm2/W, respectively, showing a significant reduction in thermal contact resistance by 1.87 K·cm2/W (63.1%) upon adding a graphite sheet. Moreover, when roughness was increased to 12.5 μm, the reduction in contact resistance attributable to the graphite sheet escalated to 82.3%, with the reduction attributable to increased flatness being negligible. The decrease in thermal contact resistance with the graphite sheet reached 87.2%. Furthermore, the study indicates that at a lower installation torque of 0.2 N·m, the graphite sheet effectively fills the interfacial air gaps, thereby enhancing heat dissipation efficiency. These results offer valuable insights for the application of graphite gaskets in high-power components.
Study on water absorption of cement-based materials containing water repellent by using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Raja Al Jarmouzi , Sun Zhenping 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Water absorption and aggressive ions play a fundamental role in estimating the chemical and physical degradation of cement-based materials’ structure, leading to a decline in durability and lifespan. Water absorption by cement-based structures is accompanied by a subsequent reconfiguration of nano-scale porosity, resulting in water entrapment. Therefore, limiting water absorption by using water-repellent admixtures as an integral hydrophobic modifier during the mixing process of fresh cement paste is needed. Additionally, the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) technique was employed to characterize the water absorption of cement paste containing water-repellent admixtures and integral hydrophobicity. Cement pastes with 0-3% dosages of Isobutyltriethoxysilane (IS) were prepared. The effect of IS on transverse relaxation time (T2), pore size distribution variations, pore structure development, and total peak area by LF-NMR of cement paste during the water absorption process from 0 to 72 hours were measured. The results indicate that the intensity signal of T2 distribution and the amount of water in capillary pores of control cement paste (CP) sharply increased during the absorption process. Furthermore, the CP exhibited the highest absorption rate during the immersion process. The cement paste incorporated with IS signals the intensity of T2 distribution and the water in capillary pores is significantly reduced. The IS specimens showed the lowest absorption rate and the amount of water in capillary pores was reduced. The addition of IS admixtures exhibited high efficiency in resisting capillary water absorption, which could have numerous applications in protecting concrete structures in coastal areas, including coastal architecture, sea bridges, flood control dams, and ports.
River algal blooms can be estimated by remote sensing reflectance
Authors: Huang Tonghui , Xia Rui , Zhang Kai , Chen Yan , Ren Yuanxin , Song Jinxi , Wang Yao , Liu Chengjian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
River eutrophication is difficult to diagnose and estimate quantitatively because of its complex degradation mechanism in large river systems. Conventional monitoring and modeling methods are limited to accurately revealing the evolution process and trends of river aquatic organisms. In the present study, based on HJ-1A/1B CCD sensor, combined with genetic algorithm (GA) and regression tree (GART), a remote sensing inversion prediction model was established; the model can estimate algal blooms in the Han River affected by China’s Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWTP). During the outbreak of algal blooms, the near-infrared band reflectance evidently increased between 2009 and 2015, with increasing algal density. The algal density in the downstream of the Han River has a nearly synchronous positive change with the reflectance in the B4 (near-infrared) band and a nearly synchronous reverse change with the B1 (blue) band. B1 and B4 screened by GA reduced redundancy by 14%, leading to a good prediction performance (R
2 = 0.88). According to GART and partial dependence analysis, the B4 band is a crucial characterization factor of algal blooms in the Han River. When the remote sensing band was in the range of B1 ⩾ 0.085 and B4 ⩽ 0.101, the algal density was lower than 0.15 × 107 cells l−1, indicating no algal bloom in the downstream of the Han River. When B4 was >0.103 and B1 ⩽ 0.076, algal density was higher than 1 × 107 cells l−1 and algal blooms were very likely to occur. These findings could provide a scientific reference for diagnosing and predicting large-scale water ecological degradation in similar watersheds.
Antimicrobial activity of apricot kernel extract loaded carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles against multidrug resistant wound-skin infection bacteria
Authors: El-Houssiny A S , Fouad E A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In recent years, skin and soft-tissue infections, particularly due to multidrug resistance bacteria (MDR) are generating a serious health crisis to human health. Thus, the current investigation tried to find new promising alternatives such as herbal therapy and biopolymer nanotechnology to combat MDR microbes. Apricot kernels extract was prepared and its amygdalin content was determined by HPLC analysis. Carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles (CMC NPs) encapsulated with amygdalin extract (Am ext) were synthesized and characterized through their morphology, particle size, zeta potential and thermal analysis. The antibacterial activity of Am ext, CMC NPs and CMC-Am ext NPs were evaluated against MDR bacteria. Moreover, to confirm the antibacterial action of the samples, bacterial DNA fragmentation analysis was performed. Furthermore, the cyanide ions released from bacterial breakdown of amygdalin was confirmed using Nanocolor Cyanide 08 Test 0–31 kits. The HPLC analysis indicated that amygdalin extracted efficiently from the apricot kernels. The CMC-Am ext NPs exhibited spherical shaped and mono dispersed particles of size 28 nm; physical stability and thermal compatibility. Additionally, CMC-Am ext NPs have significant antibacterial action on all MDR microbes in synergy with Am ext. Moreover, the results confirmed that the cyanide ions were released from amygdalin breakdown by the action of bacteria. Furthermore, the DNA fragmentation analysis confirmed that both Am ext and its nano-encapsulated form caused bacterial cell death by inducing DNA damage. Therefore, these findings demonstrate CMC-Am ext NPs as a novel potential therapeutic agent which can be used as an alternative to the current antibiotics against MDR bacteria.