bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal Pathological Prediction of Vocal Fold Leukoplakia Based on IPCLs and Morphology
Authors: Fang Yi , Li Changjiang , Chen Min , Chen Jian , Cheng Lei , Wu Haitao 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesTo establish a combined classification based on intrapapillary capillary loops (IPCLs) and morphological characteristics to improve the accuracy of pathological prediction of vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL).Material and MethodsA prospective research was conducted of VFL patients diagnosed by IPCLs and morphology. The VFL cases were classified as Type I‐III based on IPCLs and morphological characteristics. Type I referred to VFL with dendritic vessels but not IPCLs. Type II defined VFL without any IPCLs or vessels and classified by morphology into two subtypes as non‐rough Type IIa and rough Type IIb. Type III referred to VFL with IPCLs and classified into two subtypes as Type IIIa with small IPCLs and Type IIIb with large IPCLs or vascular distortion in or around lesions. Predicting pathology accuracy was analyzed.Results182 eligible patients were recruited. The prediction accuracy rates of VFL pathology were 81.5% according to the 2019 Ni classification. The combined classification includes 4 cases of Type I, 28 Type IIa, 35 Type IIb, 56 Type IIIa, and 59 Type IIIb VFLs. The prediction accuracy rate of combined classification ranged from 95.1% to 97.3% in three observers. The average sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value was 97.8%, 86.2%, 97.4%, 88.2%, respectively. The inter‐observer agreement varied from 84.1% to 94.0%, and mean area under curve of receiver‐operating curve analysis was 0.954.Conclusions and SignificanceThe new combined classification based on IPCLs and morphological characteristics could predict pathology of VFL accurately.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2024
The Use of Oxymetazoline 0.1% Ophthalmic Solution for Acquired Blepharoptosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Newland Mary , Eberly Hänel , Ma Cheng , Lighthall Jessyka G. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveOxymetazoline hydrochloride has been shown to be effective in some studies for acquired blepharoptosis and for aesthetic upper eyelid elevation. This study aims to systematically review the literature on the use of topical oxymetazoline for treating acquired blepharoptosis.Databases ReviewedPubMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health), Scopus (Elsevier), and Cochrane.MethodsA systematic review of studies published between 2013 and 2024 following PRISMA guidelines was performed using the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. Primary outcomes included pre‐ to posttreatment change in marginal reflex distance (MRD1) after treatment with topical oxymetazoline, and mean difference (pre‐to‐posttreatment) in MRD1 versus control.ResultsFive articles included data from 458 patients for analysis. Meta‐analysis demonstrated significant improvement in MRD1 measurements posttreatment with oxymetazoline (1.40 mm; 95% confidence interval, CI [0.41 mm, 2.40 mm]). In addition, when compared to controls, patients treated with oxymetazoline demonstrated greater increase in MRD1 values (0.83 mm; 95% CI [0.10 mm, 1.55 mmm]). Heterogeneity, measured by I2 statistic, was high in all studies (85%–95%).ConclusionThe use of oxymetazoline 0.1% ophthalmic solution significantly improves MRD1 in patients with acquired blepharoptosis. Further studies comparing this treatment in other etiologies of acquired blepharoptosis should be conducted. Laryngoscope, 2024
IT IS THE QUALITY OF OUR CHARACTER THAT DETERMINES OUR PERFORMANCE AND RESULTS
Authors: McArthur Sarah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe author, Leader to Leader’s editor‐in‐chief, examines the rapid changes in today’s society, and how leaders react to and lead through these changes. She nods to the ancient Greek philosopher Heraclitus (c. 535–475 BC), and begins with a quotation from former Ford Motor Company CEO Alan Mulally. She also quotes from Leader to Leader’s founder, Frances Hesselbein, in her 2005 column “The Leaders We Need”: “In the end, it is the quality and character of the leader that determines the performance, the results.” An important distinction in how leaders adapt and lead through change is to not compromise our values and ethics for the sake of expediency. Recalling one particular example drawn from a story told by a client about someone they had coached, McArthur writes, “Yet, in the end, the leader chose to bend just a touch to meet goals and stay employed rather than to live the values agreed upon by the leadership team and committed to by the entire company.”
Transformer‐ and joint learning‐based dual‐domain networks for undersampled MRI segmentation
Authors: Duan Jizhong , Huang Zhenyu , Xie Yunshuang , Wang Junfeng , Liu Yu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a crucial medical imaging technology widely used in clinical practice. However, MRI faces challenges such as the lengthy acquisition time for k‐space data and the need for time‐consuming manual annotation by radiologists. Traditionally, these challenges have been addressed individually through undersampled MRI reconstruction and automatic segmentation algorithms. Whether undersampled MRI segmentation can be enhanced by treating undersampled MRI reconstruction and segmentation as an end‐to‐end task, trained simultaneously, rather than as serial tasks should be explored.PurposeWe introduce a novel Transformer‐ and Joint Learning‐based Dual‐domain Network (TJLD‐Net) for undersampled MRI segmentation.MethodsThis method significantly enhances feature recognition in the segmentation process by fully utilizing the rich detail obtained during the image reconstruction phase. Consequently, the method can achieve precise and reliable image segmentation even with undersampled k‐space data. Additionally, it incorporates an attention mechanism for feature enhancement, which improves the representation of shared features by learning the contextual information in MR images.ResultsSimulation experiments demonstrate that the segmentation performance of TJLD‐Net on three datasets is significantly higher than that of the joint model (RecSeg) and six baseline models (where reconstruction and segmentation are regarded as serial tasks). On the CHAOS dataset, the Dice scores of TJLD‐Net are, on average, 9.87%, 2.17%, 1.90%, 1.80%, 9.60%, 0.80%, and 6.50% higher than those of the seven compared models. On the ATLAS challenge dataset, the average Dice scores of TJLD‐Net improve by 4.23%, 5.63%, 2.30%, 1.53%, 3.57%, 0.93%, and 6.60%. Similarly, on the SKM‐TEA dataset, the average Dice scores of TJLD‐Net improve by 4.73%, 12.80%, 14.83%, 8.67%, 4.53%, 11.60%, and 12.10%. The novel TJLD‐Net model provides a promising solution for undersampled MRI segmentation, overcoming the poor performance issues encountered by automated segmentation algorithms in low‐quality accelerated imaging.
Evaluating external auditory exostosis severity using ImageJ: A clinical method applied to archaeological remains
Authors: Casa Bianca , Lorentz Kirsi O. , Hermon Sorin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate if ImageJ could be used to quantify the severity of external auditory exostoses (EAEs) in archaeological human skeletal remains. Thirty‐seven external auditory canals (EACs) with EAEs present (22 right, 15 left) of 100% completeness derived from individuals from archaeological sites on Cyprus dating from the Neolithic to the Roman period were available for analyses. EAC area and EAE area were measured three times as an intra‐observer error test using ImageJ in a two‐dimensional plane. The level of agreement between measurements was assessed using a paired T‐test, Bland–Altman plot, technical error of measurement, and coefficient of reliability. No statistically significant differences were found between measurements of EAC area and EAE area and a high technical measurement of error and coefficient of reliability resulted. ImageJ can be used with a high level of reliability for quantifying the severity of EAEs. This approach enables detailed quantification of EAEs in two‐dimensions, as well as specific measurement of EAE severity to evaluate differences between individuals and assemblages. The percentage of occlusion of the EAC by EAEs may contribute data to interpretations of the potential secondary clinical symptoms encountered by the individual, such as conductive hearing loss. This technique can only be applied to EACs that are of 100% preservation and in EACs where the EAEs are located laterally. Future studies should aim to incorporate the use of ImageJ for quantifying EAE severity in order to develop more detailed comparisons between individuals and assemblages in relation to their duration of exposure to wet and/or wet and windy environments and to evaluate the potential secondary symptoms that individuals with severe EAEs may have encountered.
Green Synthesis of Diphenyl‐Substituted Alcohols Via Radical Coupling of Aromatic Alcohols Under Transition‐Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Le Ha V. , Nguyen Vy T. B. , Le Huy X. , Nguyen Tung T. , Nguyen Khoa D. , Ho Phuoc H. , Nguyen Thuong T. H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlcohols are common alkylating agents and starting materials alternative to harmful alkyl halides. In this study, a simple, benign and efficient pathway was developed to synthesize 1,3‐diphenylpropan‐1‐ols via the β‐alkylation of 1‐phenylethanol with benzyl alcohols. Unlike conventional borrowing hydrogen processes in which alcohols were activated by transition‐metal catalyzed dehydrogenation, in this work, t‐BuONa was suggested to be a dual‐role reagent, namely, both base and radical initiator, for the radical coupling of aromatic alcohols. The cross‐coupling reaction readily proceeded under transition metal‐free conditions and an inert atmosphere, affording 1,3‐diphenylpropan‐1‐ol with an excellent yield. A good functional group tolerance in benzyl alcohols was observed, leading to the production of various phenyl‐substituted propan‐1‐ol derivatives in moderate‐to‐good yields. The mechanistic studies proposed that the reaction could involve the formation of reactive radical anions by base‐mediated deprotonation and single electron transfer.
Unveiling Colombia's medicinal Cannabis sativa treasure trove: Phenotypic and Chemotypic diversity in legal cultivation
Authors: Enríquez Diego J. , Alonso Julio C. , Hille Lucas , Brand Stefan , Holzgrabe Ulrike , Vergara Daniela , Montoya Guillermo , Ramírez Yesid A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionCannabis sativa is a highly versatile plant with a long history of cultivation and domestication. It produces multiple compounds that exert distinct and valuable therapeutic effects by modulating diverse biological systems, including the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Access to standardized, metabolically diverse, and reproducible C. sativa chemotypes and chemovars is essential for physicians to optimize individualized patient treatment and for industries to conduct drug‐discovery campaigns.ObjectiveThis study aimed to characterize and assess the phytochemical diversity of C. sativa chemotypes in diverse ecological regions of Colombia, South America.MethodologyTen cannabinoids and 23 terpenes were measured using liquid and gas chromatography, in addition to other phenotypic traits, in 156 C. sativa plants that were grown in diverse ecological regions in Colombia, a hotspot for global biodiversity.ResultsOur results reveal significant phytochemical diversity in Colombian‐grown C. sativa plants, with four distinct chemotypes based on cannabinoid profile. The significant amount of usually uncommon terpenes suggests that Colombia's environments may have unique capabilities that allow the plant to express these compounds. Colombia's diverse climates offer enormous cultivation potential, making it a key player in both domestic and international medicinal and recreational C. sativa trade.ConclusionThese findings underscore Colombia's capacity to pioneer global C. sativa production diversification, particularly in South America with new emerging markets.
Evaluating the two‐item measure of engagement at work for Japan Self‐Defense Forces: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Saito Taku , Kitano Masato , Waki Fumiko , Nagamine Masanori 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimWork engagement is critical in both occupational and mental health contexts. However, no studies have compared the usefulness of the nine‐, three‐, and two‐item measures from the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES). Therefore, this study aimed to examine the internal consistency and convergent validity of the two‐item measure and compare its usefulness with the nine‐item and three‐item versions for assessing engagement at work among Japan Self‐Defense Forces (JSDF) personnel.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 229,383 participants who underwent an annual mental health check between October 19 and December 17, 2021. To test the internal consistency of the scales, Cronbach's alpha was used. To test the convergent validity, Pearson's correlation coefficients were examined for each item corresponding to job resources, job satisfaction, stress reactions, and job demands assessed by the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire.ResultsMost participants were men (89.8%). Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the nine‐, three‐, and two‐item scales were 0.95, 0.85, and 0.80, respectively. All three versions showed significant and positive correlations with each of the items corresponding to job resources and job satisfaction. The correlation coefficients of the two‐item scale were not inferior to those of the nine‐item and three‐item scales for job resources and job satisfaction items.ConclusionOur results showed the internal consistency and convergent validity for the two‐item measure of engagement at work among JSDF personnel. The two‐item measure may be useful for briefly and efficiently assessing the actual state of workers' engagement at work.
Impact of a worker bee thoracic ganglion RIC‐3 variant on the actions of acetylcholine and neonicotinoids on nicotinic receptors in Apis mellifera
Authors: Takebayashi Mayuka , Mori Sumito , Ito Ryo , Takayama Koichi , Ojima Hisanori , Takeuchi Miyu , Takahashi Hiyori , Yamamoto Niina , Egawa Runa , Kimura Yuki , Ihara Makoto , Sasaki Ken , Sattelle David B. , Matsuda Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA transmembrane thioredoxin (TMX3) enables the functional expression of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in Xenopus laevis oocytes, while co‐factors RIC‐3 and UNC‐50 regulate the receptor expression level. RIC‐3 (resistant to inhibitors of cholinesterase 3) has been shown to diversify by its differential mRNA splicing patterns. How such diversity influences neonicotinoid sensitivity of nAChRs of beneficial insect species remains poorly understood. We have identified a RIC‐3 variant expressed most abundantly in the thoracic ganglia of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers and investigated its effects on the functional expression and pharmacology of Amα1/Amα8/Amβ1 and Amα1/Amα2/Amα8/Amβ1 nAChRs expressed in X. laevis oocytes. The AmRIC‐3 enhanced the response amplitude to the acetylcholine (ACh) of these A. mellifera nAChRs when its cRNA was injected into oocytes at low concentrations but suppressed the ACh response amplitude at high concentrations. Co‐expression of the AmRIC‐3 had a minimal impact on the affinity of ACh, but changed the efficacy of imidacloprid and clothianidin, suggesting that the presence and the level of RIC‐3 expression can affect the nAChR responses to ACh and neonicotinoids, depending on nAChR subunit composition in honeybees. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: Evolution of prognosis over 10 years of new emerging therapies
Authors: Staal Diederik P. , Hendriks Paul M. , van Thor Mitch C. J. , van de Groep Liza D. , van den Toorn Leon M. , Mulder Berend‐Jan M. , Chandoesing Prewesh P. , Kauling Robert M. , Boerman Sanne , van den Bosch Annemien E. , Mager Johannes J. , Boomars Karin A. , Post Martijn C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTherapies for inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) include balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and PH‐specific medical therapy. This study compares survival and its predictors before and after the introduction of BPA. BPA was independently associated with survival; however, there was no difference in overall survival between the two cohorts.
Dual Hydrogen Production System: Synergistic Effect of Ru and Ce Over Cu2O Nanotubes Drives Hydrogen Evolution and Formaldehyde Oxidation
Authors: Yu Hongjie , Zhang Lijun , Jiang Shaojian , Liu Wenke , Deng Kai , Wang Ziqiang , Xu You , Wang Hongjing , Wang Liang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWater splitting for hydrogen production is limited by high cell voltage and low energy conversion efficiencies due to the slow kinetic process of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, an electrolytic system is constructed in which the cathode and anode co‐release H2 at ultra‐low input voltage using formaldehyde oxidation reaction (FOR) instead of OER. The prepared RuCe co‐doped Cu2O nanotubes on copper foam (RuCe‐Cu2O/CF) are used as electrode materials for the HER‐FOR system. A current density of 0.8 A cm−2 is achieved at 0.55 V, and a stable hydrogen production process is realized at both the cathode and anode. Density functional theory (DFT) studies show that the synergistic effect of Ru and Ce drives: i) the d‐band center of RuCe‐Cu2O/CF away from the Fermi energy level; ii) the energy barrier for the C─H cracking of the H2C(OH)O* intermediate in FOR is lowered, which promotes the formation of H2 from H*, and iii) ΔGH* tends to 0 (−0.1 eV), optimizing the reaction kinetics of HER. This work provides a new design for an efficient catalyst for dual hydrogen production systems from water splitting.
Recurrent nerve damage following thyroid surgery: What can I do?
Authors: Testa Domenico , Del Vecchio Lucia , Motta Sergio , Castagna Ludovica , Conzo Giovanni , Carandente Vincenza , Docimo Giovanni , Lombardo Nicola , Conzo Alessandra , Motta Giovanni , Docimo Ludovico 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesBilateral recurrent nerve damage still represents one of the main complications following thyroid surgery, even though the nerve intraoperative monitoring has allowed the decrease of this injury. This observational retrospective study aims to define the onset modalities and the recovery time of different clinical conditions that may occurs after thyroidectomy.MethodsFrom a total of 1417 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for benign tumors between 2017 and 2022 in ENT Unit of University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli,” this study involved 30 patients with bilateral vocal folds motility deficit. These patients (28 F, 2 M), aged from 24 to 78 years old (average age 51.7), presented a bilateral vocal fold motility deficit. Five patients of the study developed an acute respiratory failure upon the awakening that required a nasotracheal prolonged safe extubation. The other 25 patients underwent 9 months diagnostic and therapeutic process, which started approximately 30 days after thyroid surgery.ResultsIndeed, there are several outcomes of these complications, like functional laryngeal defects, which are mainly related to respiratory and phonatory activities. These clinical manifestations can evolve in different ways within a context of a wide range of possibilities, from the spontaneous bilateral or monolateral recovery to the necessity of a functional or surgical restoration.ConclusionThis study allowed the acquisition of useful information about prognostic indications and an adequate therapeutic process, based on the specific clinical characteristics.
Analogues of GinUE Statistical Properties for GinOE
Authors: Byun Sung-Soo , Forrester Peter J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA fundamental property of GinOE is that away from the real axis its statistical properties coincide with GinUE. In keeping with this, the limiting variance formula is found to the be the same as for GinUE. Also, the Coulomb gas interpretation of the eigenvalue PDF for GinOE implies, that as for GinOE, screening sum rules linking correlation functions hold true. The singular values and eigenvectors both permit studies analogous to those for GinUE, although in the case of the eigenvectors, there is now an advantage in considering the joint probability distribution of the position of the eigenvalue (assumed real) and the invariant overlap.
Chemical potential and charge in quantum black holes
Authors: Climent Ana , Emparan Roberto , Hennigar Robie A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study systems in 2 + 1 dimensions consisting of defects that source an electric charge, or a magnetic flux, of a U(1) field, and we use holography to compute their effects on quantum conformal fields. We can also hide the defects inside the horizon of a black hole, where they continue to affect the quantum fields outside. By extending the solutions to braneworld holography, we find the non-linear backreaction of the quantum fields on the defect and black hole backgrounds. This gives quantum charged point particles and black holes. The charged quantum black holes markedly differ from classically charged BTZ black holes, since the quantum-induced electromagnetic field in 2 + 1 dimensions has a better asymptotic behavior than its classical counterpart. The construction also gives a new class of (near-)extremal charged quantum black holes with AdS2 throats.
A new Monte Carlo generator for BSM physics in B → K*ℓ+ℓ− decays with an application to lepton non-universality in angular distributions
Authors: Sibidanov Alexei , Browder Thomas E. , Dubey Shawn , Kohani Shahab , Mandal Rusa , Sandilya Saurabh , Sinha Rahul , Vahsen Sven E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Within the widely used EvtGen framework, we have added a new event generator model for B → K*ℓ+ℓ− with improved standard model (SM) decay amplitudes and possible BSM physics contributions, which are implemented in the operator product expansion in terms of Wilson coefficients. This event generator can then be used to estimate the statistical sensitivity of a simulated experiment to the most general BSM signal resulting from dimension-six operators. We describe the advantages and potential of the newly developed ‘Sibidanov Physics Generator’ in improving the experimental sensitivity of searches for lepton non-universal BSM physics and clarifying signatures. The new generator can properly simulate BSM scenarios, interference between SM and BSM amplitudes, and correlations between different BSM observables as well as acceptance bias. We show that exploiting such correlations substantially improves experimental sensitivity. As a demonstration of the utility of the MC generator, we examine the prospects for improved measurements of lepton non-universality in angular distributions for B → K*ℓ+ℓ− decays from the expected 50 ab−1 data set of the Belle II experiment, using a four-dimensional unbinned maximum likelihood fit. We describe promising experimental signatures and correlations between observables. The use of lepton-universality violating ∆-observables significantly reduces uncertainties in the SM expectations due to QCD and resonance effects and is ideally suited for Belle II with the large data sets expected in the next decade. Thanks to the clean experimental environment of an e+e− machine, Belle II should be able to probe BSM physics in the Wilson coefficients C7 and $$ {C}_7^{\prime } $$

C
7
′

, which appear at low q2 in the di-electron channel.