bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Profile of Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A 10-Year Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Center in South India
Authors: George Anju , Sathishkumar Dharshini , Mathew Lydia , Gupta Ankan , Chiramel Minu Jose , Singh Vartika , Thomas Meera 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a reactive neutrophilic inflammatory dermatosis with a varied clinicopathologic presentation. It commonly manifests as rapidly progressive painful ulcers, mimicking varied conditions including infections, vasculitis, and malignancies, and is a diagnosis of exclusion. There are scarce data on PG from the Indian subcontinent.

Aim and Objectives:
The aim of the study was to study the clinicopathologic profile of patients with PG and their underlying systemic associations.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective observational study was done between 2011 and 2021, and patients diagnosed as PG based on the diagnostic tool proposed by Maverakis et al. were recruited and their demographic, clinical, and histological findings were obtained.

Results:
Among 54 patients with suspected PG, 17 patients (eight males and nine females) fulfilled the diagnostic criteria, and the mean age of disease onset was 32.1 years (range: 3–60 years). Ulcerative variant was the most common type (9/17, 52.9%), and 29.4% had systemic associations including autoinflammatory syndromes. The onset at atypical sites such as face and hand were noted in one patient each. Histopathology revealed a polymorphous dermal infiltrate with neutrophilic predominance in the majority (94.1%). Systemic steroids (dose ranging from 0.5–1 mg/kg prednisolone equivalent) were used in 11/17 (64.7%) patients. The commonly used alternative drugs included clofazimine (47%), minocycline (29%), thalidomide (23.5%), adalimumab and mycophenolate mofetil in 17.6% each, dapsone and ciclosporine in 11.7% each. Remission was achieved between two weeks and three months in 10 (58.8%) patients after treatment initiation and two mortalities (11.7%) were recorded.

Conclusion:
PG can affect any age group and may be localized to rarer, atypical sites. The possibility of underlying autoinflammatory conditions should be considered in addition to the evaluation of other disorders like inflammatory bowel disease, hematological disorders, and rheumatological disorders.
Novel laparoscopic “lateral three-port technique” of extended totally extra peritoneal approach for ventral hernias: Short-term results and technical aspects of 100 consecutive cases from a single center
Authors: Shenoy K. Ganesh , Thomas Marina , B S Ramesh , Jeur Amol Siddalingappa , Jan Nawab 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
The purpose of this study was to develop a simplified technical modification with an attempt to standardize the extended totally view extraperitoneal–Rives Stoppa (ETEP-RS) procedure. In this article, we present the technical aspects to perform this procedure by using novel lateral three ports and the short-term results of our experience in this subset of patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A retrospective analysis of 100 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic ETEP-RS using the lateral three-port technique between January 2022 and July 2023 was done. In this technique, three lateral ports were placed for both midline and lateral ventral hernias (VH), with no need to shift camera, working ports, and monitor positions throughout the procedure. It can be coupled with repair of associated right inguinal hernia, divarication of recti (DR), and transversus abdominis release (TAR).

RESULTS:
Of 100 consecutive patients who underwent ETEP approach for VH by using our lateral three-port technique, 84 patients underwent ETEP-RS and 16 patients underwent ETEP-TAR. Out of these 100 patients, 4 patients underwent ETEP for associated right inguinal hernia. The mean operating time was 119.9 min with a range from 45 min to 185 min. The mean defect width was 7.24 cm. We used 20 cm × 15 cm medium weight polypropylene mesh for most of our patients. There were no recurrences in the follow-up period. One patient required laparoscopic re-exploration for posterior rectus sheath rupture.

CONCLUSION:
The laparoscopic novel lateral three-port ETEP-RS technique is safe, feasible, cost-effective, and reproducible. This can be combined with right-sided TAR, right inguinal hernias, and repair of DR. It can be standardized; however, larger studies and longer follow-up are needed to have an evidence-based answer.
Laparo-endoscopic technique of management of a rare case of incarcerated urinary bladder hernia in a female
Authors: Shenoy Ganesh K. , Jeur Amol S. , Thomas Marina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Inguinoscrotal hernia containing the urinary bladder is a rare entity, found in 1%–5% of inguinal hernias. We herein present a rare case of a 60-year-old female status post open hysterectomy who presented to emergency department with painful groin swelling and contrast enhanced computerized tomography of abdomen showed features of incarcerated urinary bladder hernia. She underwent emergency laparo-endoscopic bilateral inguinal hernia mesh repair. After extensive literature search, we believe that this is the first case report of incarcerated urinary bladder hernia in a female with infra-umbilical scar who underwent emergency laparo-endoscopic bilateral inguinal hernia mesh repair.
A Randomized Trial Assessing the Effectiveness of High-fidelity Simulation Training in Managing Maternal Cardiac Arrest among Emergency Medical Professionals in India
Authors: Rishipathak Parag , Vijayaraghavan Shrimathy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Maternal cardiac arrest is a rare but critical event that poses significant risks to both the mother and the fetus. As majority of population in India lives in the rural areas, Emergency Medical Professionals assist in childbirth in transit in ambulances. This timely assistance ensures the safe transportation of both mother and new born baby to the hospital. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of high-fidelity simulation training in the management of maternal cardiac arrest among emergency medical professionals.

Methods:
The randomized simulation study aimed to assess the effectiveness of high-fidelity simulation in managing maternal cardiac arrest. Two hundred and fifty emergency medical professionals were randomly assigned to 50 groups. Participants underwent a prebriefing session before engaging in simulation scenarios. After the initial scenarios, participants received a debriefing session emphasizing the standardized algorithm for maternal cardiac arrest management. A week later, participants engaged in a second simulation scenario, and their adherence to the algorithm was assessed. The data were analyzed using statistical tests, and the entire simulation session was video recorded for reliability.

Results:
The results showed that participants demonstrated an improvement in managing both maternal and obstetric interventions in the posttraining scenario compared to the pretraining scenario. The successful implementation of the advanced cardiac life support algorithm and the debriefing session were key factors in improving participants’ performance. However, continuous exposure and practice are necessary to maintain and enhance these skills.

Conclusion:
Health-care professionals should actively seek opportunities for ongoing training and education to stay updated with the latest guidelines and advancements in managing maternal cardiac arrest.
Evaluation of napkin lesions in Egyptian pediatric patients during the first three years of life: a hospital based study
Authors: Dogheim Noha N. , AbdElnabi Hend H. , Elsotohy Esraa M. , Elhawary Esraa E. 
Published: August 2024

Background
Napkin rashes represent different varieties of cutaneous lesions that affect the napkin area and cause a burden on infants and their parents.

Objective
To evaluate different diaper rashes in pediatric patients less than 3 years old.

Patients and methods
All 300 pediatric patients with napkin lesions were included in the study. Every patient’s personal and medical history as well as photographs were compiled and recorded in data sheets.

Results
The most common rashes affecting the napkin area were contacted napkin dermatitis (29%) and napkin candidiasis (28%) followed by hand-foot mouth disease (12%). There was a statistically significant relation between the rate of daily napkin changing and the occurrence of contact napkin dermatitis.

Conclusion
Different types of cutaneous rashes could affect the napkin area other than contact napkin dermatitis and candidiasis, which should be taken into consideration during the evaluation of napkin lesions.
A comparative study of narrow-band ultraviolet B alone versus with low dose simvastatin in the treatment of vitiligo: impact on chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 10 and chemokine C–C motif ligand 8
Authors: Omar Shaimaa I. , El Shafey Adel , Eldabah Nermeen , Hafez Asmaa 
Published: August 2024

Background
Our knowledge of the pathophysiology of vitiligo has advanced significantly. However, there are still some unclear aspects. Chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 10 (CXCL10) is a biomarker of vitiligo activity and chemokine C–C motif ligand 8 (CCL8) is a chemokine that has been studied recently in vitiligo pathogenesis.

Objective
The primary objective was to compare the efficacy and safety of adding low-dose simvastatin to narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) versus NB-UVB monotherapy for vitiligo treatment including the effect on CXCL10 and CCL8. The secondary objective was to look for any potential links between CCL8 and vitiligo.

Patients and methods
In this interventional comparative study 50 vitiligo patients were enlisted and randomly split into two groups: the treatment group received NB-UVB plus simvastatin, while the control group received NB-UVB alone for 3 months. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to test the serum levels of CXCL10 and CCL8, and the vitiligo area scoring index (VASI) score was computed both before and after therapy.

Results
Following treatment, the median values of the VASI score reduction were considerably higher (P=0.037) in the treatment group (1.50) in comparison with controls (0.52). In addition, the median serum levels of CXCL10 and CCL8 were significantly lower (P=0.003 and 0.030, respectively) in the treatment group (132.6 and 110.8 ng/l, respectively) than in the control group (155 and 122.8 ng/l, respectively). There were no side effects noted. CCL8 and CXCL10 serum levels had a positive correlation.

Conclusion
The outcomes of the therapy point to the potential for simvastatin to work in conjunction with NB-UVB to treat vitiligo. Current findings also suggest that CCL8 may play a role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. In this study, CXCL10 is not correlated with disease severity.
Fractional carbon dioxide laser monotherapy and its combination with topical platelet-rich plasma in the management of striae distensae
Authors: El-Domyati Moetaz , Moawad Osama , Abdel-Wahab Hossam , Behairy Ezzeldin F. , Rezk Ahmed F. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundA variety of therapeutic approaches have been introduced for striae distensae (SD) with modest outcomes. Fractional carbon dioxide laser (FCL) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are effective separately in improving SD.ObjectiveTo assess the safety and efficacy of topically applied PRP combined with FCL in the management of SD.Patients and methodsIn this prospective, single-blinded, randomized, comparative intrapatient study, 24 patients with bilateral SD lesions were subjected to FCL on both sides and followed by topical application of PRP on one side only allocated by simple randomization. The sessions were performed biweekly for a total of six sessions. Overall clinical improvement was graded using the Quartile Grading Scale. Biopsies, before and after treatment, were stained with H and E, Masson’s trichrome, and Orcein stains. In addition, collagen I and elastin immunohistochemical staining were performed.ResultsIn this study of 24 SD patients (19 females, 5 males; aged 19–39 years), topical PRP with FCL achieved moderate to excellent outcomes 3 months after the last session. Early striae rubra improved after the initial session, reaching marked excellent outcomes within a month after the second session. Manageable side effects were reported. Histological examination showed improved epidermal and dermal thickness, collagen, and elastic fiber quality after treatment, with the combined PRP and FCL side exhibiting more significant outcomes than the FCL-treated side.ConclusionTopical PRP application post-FCL proves to be a highly effective therapeutic approach for SD, expressing superior treatment outcomes, and heightened patient satisfaction compared with the use of FCL alone. In additio, topical application is preferred over intradermal injection, offering practicality, effectiveness, and noninvasiveness.
Comparative Evaluation of Antifungal Property of Chitosan and Two Different Natural Oils on Heat-cured Denture Base Resins Against Candida albicans: An in vitro Study
Authors: Paul Vishal , Sisodiya Siddharth , Lahori Manesh 
Published: August 2024

Background:
The concept “prevention is better than cure” goes by the fact with incorporating various nanoparticles as an antimicrobial agent in complete denture fabrication giving the patients an edge of esthetics, function, and longevity with biocompatibility. It gives a particular scope in the prevention and progression of denture stomatitis.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to determine the most effective antifungal agent against Candida species after incorporating in heat-cured denture base resin (DBR) material specimens.

Setting and Design:
The total number of 140 samples was fabricated from heat-cured DBR. The samples were further divided into four groups: Group I (samples were incorporated with chitosan), Group II (placed in 120 ml sesame oil for 48 h), Group III (placed in 120 ml sunflower oil for 48 h), and Group IV (samples treated with regular water). After treatment, each acrylic disc was placed in test tubes of 10 ml sterilized Sabouraud dextrose broth and incubated for 24 h, shaken 8 hourly, at 37°C. After incubation, all the tubes containing fungal growth were diluted to 10−4 and then 100 ml amount of specimen was seeded onto Sabouraud dextrose agar medium and incubated for 48 h at 37°C.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred forty specimens were fabricated from commercially available denture base material (DPI) and were divided as follows: Group I, Group II, Group III, and Group IV, i.e.; thirty-five each. Thirty-five specimens of Group I were incorporated with low-molecular-weight chitosan (LMWC). Thirty-five specimens of Group II were incorporated with sunflower oil. Thirty-five specimens of Group III were incorporated with sesame oil. Thirty-five specimens of Group IV were control. Candida suspension was used to contaminate the specimen. Final colony-forming units (CFU) per milliliter were calculated to evaluate the effectiveness of chitosan, sunflower, and sesame oil. The data were tabulated and statistical analysis was done.

Statistical Analysis:
The results were compared with one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey’s honestly significant difference test.

Results:
Group I shows the least amount of Candida colonies followed by Group III, Group II, and Group IV.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that residual CFUs in LMWC were least as compared to sesame oil and sunflower oil.
Antibacterial activity of Siddha formulation of Vellampattai koppali kizhalam (mouthwash) against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes for oral hygiene
Authors: Sivasankari Dhatchinamurthy , Kopika Sekar , Shanmugapriya Chinnaiyan , Satheesh Kumar Arumugam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Poor oral health characterized by inadequate hygiene may result in the formation of extensive dental biofilms (plaque) promoting oral colonization of pathogens. Siddha medicine plays a major role in the oral health care. Traditional claims have to be validated through scientific research for wider acceptance. The Siddha literature Anuboga Vaithiya Bhrama Ragaseyam mentioned Vellampattai Koppali Kizhalam (VKK) for oral hygiene and prevention of periodontal disease.

Objective:
The study aims to evaluate the anti-bacterial activity of VKK to prevent oral infection.

Materials and Methods:
VKK is an efficient Siddha formulation used to prevent oral infection. One of the important ingredients is Veppam pattai (Azidarchia indica) which is found to have an antibacterial effect. In the present study, the antibacterial susceptibility test for VKK was done using the microdilution plate method using resazurin.

Results:
The current study observed that VKK exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes (MIC 1000 µg) and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The color change was observed and recorded as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value using the standard drug chloramphenicol (10 µg).

Conclusion:
The study revealed that the Siddha formulation have strong anti-bacterial activity and offers profound therapeutic effects against periodontal disease and improve oral hygiene.
Phytochemical characterization of Siddha herbomineral formulation: Kalingathi Kadugu in the management of Karpa Vippuruthi (cervical cancer)
Authors: Saravanan Roobhini , Muthusamy Thrisha , Walter Thomas Muthusamy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Kalingathi Kadugu (KK) is a herbomineral formulation mentioned in Siddha literature “Agathiyar Vaithya Vallathi 600” (AVV 600) used for the management of ascites, abdominal disorders, and cancer. Phytochemical and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analyses are important methods to identify the fingerprints of the chemical composition of traditional medicines. KK has been prepared as per AVV 600 after following proper purification methods for the ingredients. The phytochemical and TLC analyses were performed as per standard guidelines. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of tannins and triterpenoids. The triterpenoids in the formulation have therapeutic potential against the diseases. The results from this analysis will serve as a preliminary standard for KK, which is an important Siddha formulation.
A Comparative Study of Mulligan Taping Versus McConnell Taping along with SNAGS in the Treatment of Mechanical Low Back Pain
Authors: Gohil Divya , More Ashwini , Baxi Gaurang , Aggarwal Amita , Patole Khyati , Palekar Tushar J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Mechanical back pain, a common name for a range of pain conditions caused by shear forces on muscles and aberrant tension on the spinal column, refers to discomfort caused by overloading of anatomical systems, which increases joint stiffness and reduces the elasticity and flexibility of the spine. Mulligan taping and Kinesio taping have both been effective in improving the range of motion by reducing pain and correcting the positional fault and repositioning joints and decreasing stress on the anatomical structures. This study compares the effects of Mulligan taping versus Kinesio taping along with with sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGS) on pain, range of motion, and disability in individuals having mechanical low back pain.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty people aged between 21 and 50 years were recruited with informed consent following approval from the ethical committee. Two sets of participants were selected by convenient sampling: Group B (SNAGS + Kinesio taping) and Group A (SNAGS + Mulligan taping). The Modified Schober’s test, the Roland–Morris low back pain and disability questionnaire, and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale pain score were used as outcome measures. Measurements were taken on day 1 and day 14.

Results:
Data were analyzed using WinPepi software. Normality was checked with the Shapiro–Wilks test. The Wilcoxon signed rank-sum test was used to compare differences within the groups. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare differences between the groups. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed in both groups, whereas no significant differences were observed between groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
SNAGS along with Mulligan taping and SNAGS with Kinesio taping are equally effective for reducing pain and disability and improving the range of motion in individuals undergoing mechanical low back pain treatment.
Effect of Alcohol and Smoking on Semen Analysis Parameters
Authors: Raj Akshi , Iqbal Banyameen , Sharma Anuj , Gore Charusheela Rajesh , Kumar Harsh , Singh Madhuri 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Infertility affects close to 10%–15% of all couples in reproductive age group. A myriad of life style variables including consumption of alcohol, smoking along with increased exposure to electromagnetic waves emitting from cell phones and personal computers for prolonged durations, have had a negative impact on the quality of semen in males.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 male patients under evaluation for infertility. Physical and macroscopic examination was carried out followed by in detail microscopic examination according to the World Health Organization 2010 guidelines.

Results:
Fertility scoring was done for all 250 subjects and 67.2% of cases were found to be fertile, 14.4% were subfertile, and 18.4% of cases were found to be infertile. Among the 168 fertile subjects, majority 75.6% of cases were young in the age group of 20–30 years, 85.1% of cases did not consume alcohol, and 86.3% of cases did not smoke. Among the 46 infertile subjects, majority 54.3% of cases were in the age group of 20–30 years, 84.8% of cases consumed some amount of alcohol, and 54.3% of cases had a history of tobacco smoking. Majority 64.1% of the subjects having a combination of all three lifestyle factors were found to be infertile, whereas only 2.6% of such subjects were found to be fertile.

Conclusion:
This study shows that the consumption of alcohol and cigarette smoking has a significant deleterious effect on the process of sperm production and male reproductive potential; therefore, counseling regarding this negative impact needs to be focused upon by all clinicians and infertility specialists while handling such cases.