bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impella 5.0 Support in INTERMACS II Cardiogenic Shock Patients Using Right and Left Axillary Artery Access
Authors: Schibilsky David , Lausberg Henning , Haller Christoph , Lenglinger Matthias , Woernle Barbara , Haeberle Helene , Rosenberger Peter , Walker Tobias , Schlensak Christian 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe catheter‐based Impella 5.0 left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is a powerful and less invasive alternative for patients in cardiogenic shock. The use of this device as a primary mechanical circulatory support strategy in INTERMACS II patients should be evaluated. From April 2014 to August 2014, eight Impella 5.0 devices were implanted in seven patients via the axillary artery access (six right and two left). We analyzed the outcome of the four patients in whom the Impella 5.0 device was implanted for the purpose of primary stabilization of cardiogenic shock (INTERMACS II). The remaining three patients had a contraindication for a permanent LVAD and received the device for prolonged weaning from extracorporeal life support (ECLS) system. The implantation of the Impella 5.0 was technically successful in all patients and resulted in the stabilization of the clinical situation. All four patients could be bridged to a long‐term device (n = 3) or to cardiac recovery (n = 1). In one patient, 2 days of ECLS support was necessary because of pump thrombosis after 31 days of Impella 5.0 support. One patient with bronchopneumonia had the Impella 5.0 exchanged from the right to the left axillary artery after 22 days of support because of the progressive loss of purge flow and the need for longer bridging to a permanent LVAD. The last patient was supported for giant‐cell myocarditis for 22 days and bridged to cardiac recovery. All patients were transferred to the intensive care unit with the Impella device in place. In INTERMACS II situations, the implantation of the Impella 5.0 via the right or left axillary access allowed additional time for decision making. Early patient mobilization, including walking with the Impella device in place, optimized the conditions for either weaning or the implantation of a permanent LVAD. This novel technique of left axillary approach leads to more flexibility in the case of anatomical‐ or device‐related contraindications to right‐side access, or when the device needs to be exchanged while continuous support is necessary.
Hemoglobin Concentration Affects Electroencephalogram During Cardiopulmonary Bypass: An Indication for Neuro‐Protective Values
Authors: Del Felice Alessandra , Tessari Maddalena , Formaggio Emanuela , Menon Tiziano , Petrilli Giuseppe , Gamba Gianluigi , Scarati Simona , Masiero Stefano , Bortolami Oscar , Faggian Giuseppe 
Published: July 2015

AbstractHemodilution during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is widely used to decrease transfusion and improve microcirculation but has drawbacks, such as diminished hemoblogin levels. Among others, reduced brain oxygenation accounts for neurological adverse outcomes after CPB. The aim of the present study was to ascertain if and how continuous electroencephalogram (EEG) during CPB is affected by hematocrit level and what should be the minimum value to avoid significant frequency band shifts on the EEG. A comparative study design was used with 16 subjects undergoing elective mitral valve repair/replacement. EEG was continuously recorded during the surgical procedure (from anesthesia induction to 20 min after CPB end). Data were marked at relevant time points (T0: before CPB start; T1: after 30 min from CPB beginning; T2: at CPB end), and the following 2 min EEG analyzed with a fast Fourier transform to obtain relative power for delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands. A general linear model for repeated measure was used to study interactions of time (T0, T1, and T2), EEG frequency band, and topographical distribution. The relative powers for each electrode were calculated and represented using topographic maps. Power spectrum differences between time points (T2‐T1; T2‐T0;T1‐T0) were calculated for each electrode, and differences >10%, considered indicative of neuronal sufferance, were included in further analysis. Cutoff hemoglobin values that maximize the proportion of correctly classified EEG band shifts were obtained by previous definition were obtained. At T2, diffuse EEG slowing in delta and theta bands was detected; a minor slowing over anterior regions was evident at T1 for the theta band. Decrements in EEG power greater than 10% were detected only for the delta band at T2. Hemoglobin concentration levels at which no slowing increase was evident were 9.4 mg/dL (Ht: 28.2%) at T1 and 9.2 mg/dL (Ht: 27.6%) at T2. EEG burst‐suppression pattern related to a lesser degree of slowing at T2. In conclusion, we propose hemoglobin cutoff levels that prevent EEG slowing indicative of neuronal sufferance. In addition, burst‐suppression EEG patterns offer higher central nervous system protection as measured on EEG.
Conjunctival and intraocular swabs for the microbiological assessment of donor corneas
Authors: Fuest Matthias , Plum Wolfgang , Salla Sabine , Walter Peter , Hermel Martin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPurposeIn this study, we investigated the associations between conjunctival (co) and intraocular (io) swabs and their implications for the contamination rates of organ‐cultured corneas.MethodsA total of 4177 swabs from 1054 corneas of 527 donors were acquired from the conjunctiva, after disinfection with 5% polyvinylpyrrolidone–iodine solution, and also from the anterior chamber after corneoscleral trepanation (io). Samples were incubated at 22.5 ± 2.5°C and 32.5 ± 2.5°C in thioglycollate broth for 14 days. Donor corneas were cultured in a closed system at 31°C. Microbial differentiation was performed for positive cultures.ResultsA higher temperature (32.5°C) and the intraocular swab retrieving localization led to significantly higher swab positive rates (32.5°C versus 22.5°C, odds 1.65, p < 0.0001; io versus co, odds 1,53, p < 0.0001). Death‐to‐collection time and laterality (left or right eye) had no significant influence on swab positivity. The cause of death significantly influenced the positive rates (p < 0.0001). Detection at 32.5°C occurred significantly earlier than at 22.5°C (p < 0.0001). The overall comparison of detected species showed no significant differences in the variety between intraocular and conjunctival swabs. During the study period, six contaminations of organ‐cultured corneas occurred: four times Pseudomonas aeruginosa and once each Candida albicans and Staphylococcus hominis were found. Swap results and cornea contaminations were not significantly correlated.ConclusionsCo and io swabs show high microbial colonization rates, even after standard disinfection. Io swabs generally reproduce the co microbial range, most likely due to a mobilization and diversion of microorganisms during the trepanation procedure. Swab results do not yield a valuable tool to predict contaminations of organ‐cultured corneas.
Likelihood-Based Inference for Discretely Observed Birth–Death-Shift Processes, with Applications to Evolution of Mobile Genetic Elements
Authors: Xu Jason , Guttorp Peter , Kato-Maeda Midori , Minin Vladimir N. 
Published: July 2015

Summary
Continuous-time birth–death-shift (BDS) processes are frequently used in stochastic modeling, with many applications in ecology and epidemiology. In particular, such processes can model evolutionary dynamics of transposable elements—important genetic markers in molecular epidemiology. Estimation of the effects of individual covariates on the birth, death, and shift rates of the process can be accomplished by analyzing patient data, but inferring these rates in a discretely and unevenly observed setting presents computational challenges. We propose a multi-type branching process approximation to BDS processes and develop a corresponding expectation maximization algorithm, where we use spectral techniques to reduce calculation of expected sufficient statistics to low-dimensional integration. These techniques yield an efficient and robust optimization routine for inferring the rates of the BDS process, and apply broadly to multi-type branching processes whose rates can depend on many covariates. After rigorously testing our methodology in simulation studies, we apply our method to study intrapatient time evolution of IS6110 transposable element, a genetic marker frequently used during estimation of epidemiological clusters of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.
Comparative analysis of autoantibodies targeting peptidylarginine deiminase type 4, mutated citrullinated vimentin and cyclic citrullinated peptides in rheumatoid arthritis: associations with cytokine profiles, clinical and genetic features
Authors: Reyes-Castillo Z , Palafox-Sánchez C A , Parra-Rojas I , Martínez-Bonilla G E , del Toro-Arreola S , Ramírez-Dueñas M G , Ocampo-Bermudes G , Muñoz-Valle José F 
Published: July 2015

SummaryAntibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti-CCP) are widely used for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We performed a comparative analysis of antibodies targeting the citrullinating enzyme peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 (anti-PAD4) and mutated citrullinated vimentin (anti-MCV) with anti-CCP autoantibodies in RA patients and examined their relationships with clinical parameters, cytokine profiles and the PADI4 gene. Autoantibodies were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera of 170 RA patients and 103 controls. Cytokine profiles were measured using a multiplex system. PADI4 polymorphisms (89G &gt; A, 90T &gt; C and 92G &gt; C) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP). Anti-PAD4, anti-MCV and anti-CCP autoantibodies were detected in 24, 61 and 74% of RA patients, respectively. Positive correlations were observed between anti-PAD4 and disease duration; anti-CCP and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR); anti-MCV and ESR and C-reactive protein. Anti-MCV antibodies were associated with high disease activity score 28 (DAS-28) in early RA. Concentrations of T helper type 1 (Th1) [tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-12, IL-2, IL-1β], Th2 (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13) and Th17 (IL-17) cytokines were higher in RA than in controls. Th2 and, to a lesser extent, Th1-related cytokines, showed positive correlations with anti-MCV and anti-CCP. The GTG haplotype in PADI4 was associated with anti-CCP and anti-MCV, but not anti-PAD4 antibodies. In conclusion, anti-PAD4 antibodies are detected mainly in established RA, which is in contrast to the early detection of antibodies against citrullinated peptide/proteins (ACPAs). Among autoantibodies, anti-MCV appear to perform better as markers of disease activity. Furthermore, anti-CCP and anti-MCV are associated genetically with the citrullinating enzyme PAD4 and are related strongly to Th1 and Th2 cytokines, suggesting a feed-forward loop between cytokines and ACPA production.
Relationship between tinnitus and suicidal behaviour in Korean men and women: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Seo J.H. , Kang J.M. , Hwang S.H. , Han K.D. , Joo Y.H. 
Published: July 2015

ObjectivesThis study investigated the prevalence of suicidal ideation and behaviour in a representative sample of South Koreans with or without tinnitus.DesignA cross‐sectional study.SettingBased on data from the 2010 to 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).ParticipantsThe study included 17 446 Korean individuals.Main outcome measuresParticipants provided demographic, socio‐economic and behavioural information, as well as responses to questionnaires assessing the presence and severity of tinnitus, mental health status regarding stress, depression, and suicidal ideation and attempts. In the univariate analysis, the Rao–Scott chi‐square test and logistic regression analysis were used to test the association between tinnitus and risk factors. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between tinnitus and mental status.ResultsA total of 20.9% and 1.2% of participants with tinnitus, and 12.2% and 0.6% of those without, reported suicidal ideation and attempts, respectively (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.001). Participants reporting suicide attempts showed a higher proportion of severe annoying (6.0%) and irritating (11.8%) tinnitus than those with suicidal ideation (1.4% and 10.2%, respectively). Risks for experiencing tinnitus were significantly associated with suicidal ideation and attempts after adjusting for confounding variables.ConclusionThis study has important implications for enhanced screening and evaluation of mental health status and suicidal ideation/behaviour among tinnitus patients.
Evaluation of the antioxidant effects of melatonin on the larynx mucosa of rats exposed to environmental tobacco smoke
Authors: Donmez Z. , Yigit Ö. , Bilici S. , Dursun N. , Gul M. , Dastan S.D. , Uzun H. 
Published: July 2015

ObjectivesThis study's aim was to investigate the effect of melatonin in terms of mitigating the effects of smoking on the laryngeal mucosa of rats exposed to environmental tobacco smoke.DesignRats were divided into four groups: Melatonin + Smoking group exposed to smoke with melatonin; Smoking group exposed to smoke without melatonin; Saline group not exposed to smoke without melatonin; Melatonin group not exposed to smoke with melatonin. CuZn‐superoxide dismutase (CuZn‐SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activities were evaluated in plasma and tissues. Tissues were also examined the changes of squamous hyperplasia, keratosis, parakeratosis and epithelial hyperplasia by light microscope and the ultrastructural changes by electron microscope.ResultsTissue SOD, CAT and GSH‐Px activities were significantly higher in Saline and Melatonin groups than Melatonin + Smoking and Smoking groups. Plasma CuZn‐SOD and CAT activities were significantly higher in Saline and Melatonin groups than Smoking group. Plasma GSH‐Px showed no significant difference. The rate of epithelial hyperplasia was significantly higher in Smoking group than the other groups. The rate of parakeratosis was significantly higher in Smoking group than the other groups. The epithelial cells in Melatonin + Smoking group displayed, normal cell structure similar to those in Saline group under electron microscope.ConclusionsThe study shows that smoking induces substantial pathological changes in the laryngeal mucosa and melatonin may have some beneficial effects in partially reversing smoking‐induced laryngeal injury by inducing the expression of antioxidants; biochemical and histological outcomes also support these findings due to preventing tissue damage in laryngeal mucosa exposed to smoke.
Adiponectin enhances Imatinib anti‐tumour activity in human chronic myeloid leukaemia cells with serum levels associated with Imatinib efficacy in early chronic phase patients
Authors: Tan Guangshan , Shi Lei , Li Qiang , Wang Mingjun 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectivesAdiponectin, a functional ligand of adiponectin receptor‐1 (AdipoR1) and adiponectin receptor‐2 (AdipoR2), has been found to be linked to risk of development of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Imatinib, as its first‐line therapy, exhibits striking activity in both chronic and accelerated phases of the condition. However, numerous clinical trials have shown that many patients become refractory or experience relapses. Thus, development of new, hopefully effective Imatinib‐based treatment strategies, are still needed.Materials and methodsEffects of recombinant adiponectin protein, in enhancing Imatinib anti‐tumour activities, in K562 and MEG‐01 CML cells, were examined in vitro and in vivo. Forty‐eight consecutive newly diagnosed adult patients with Bcr‐Abl‐positive CML, in the early chronic phase (ECP), were enrolled in the study. Imatinib efficacy, plasma adiponectin levels and their correlations were analysed.ResultsData presented here indicate that adiponectin enhanced Imatinib efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, this augmented effect was due to inhibition of Bcr‐Abl tyrosine kinase activity in an AdipoR1‐dependent way, while AdipoR2 was not involved. Most importantly, additional clinical data revealed that adiponectin plasma levels in CML ECP patients, correlated with Imatinib efficacy.ConclusionsAdiponectin enhanced Imatinib anti‐tumour activity in human chronic myeloid leukaemia cells and its serum levels were associated with Imatinib efficacy, in early chronic phase patients.
The role of latex agglutination test for the etiological diagnosis of pleural effusion in children and adolescents
Authors: Camargos Paulo , Fonseca Ana Cristina , Amantéa Sérgio , Oliveira Elizabeth , Benfica Maria das Graças , Chamone Chequer 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIntroductionThe etiological diagnosis of pleural effusion is a difficult task because the diagnostic tools can only establish a definitive etiological diagnosis in at most 76% of cases.ObjectivesTo verify the diagnostic accuracy of the latex agglutination test (LAT) for the etiological diagnosis of pleural effusions caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b.MethodsAfter thoracocentesis, paired fresh samples of pleural fluid from 418 children and adolescents were included in this investigation. They were tested blindly and simultaneously through counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and LAT for both bacteria. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and likelihood ratios (LR) were calculated taking CIE as a reference standard.ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity of LAT was 100% (95% confidence interval, 94.4%–100%) and 83.3% (95% confidence interval, 79.0%–87.0%), respectively, whereas the positive (calculated from Bayes’ theorem) and negative predictive values were, respectively, lower than 1% and 100% (95% confidence interval, 98.8%–100%). Positive and negative LR were 6.0 (95% confidence interval, 4.7–7.6) and zero, respectively.ConclusionsOur results suggest that LAT is a useful tool for the etiological diagnosis of pleural effusion. It is a reliable, rapid, simple to perform and shows an excellent yield in our studied population, helping to prescribe appropriate antibiotics for this clinical condition.
Evaluation of the visit frequency and the use of questionnaires and indices for COPD: a national survey from the On‐Sint study
Authors: López Ramírez Cecilia , Calero Acuña Carmen , Represas Represas Cristina , Aballe Santos Luz , Casamor Ricard , Fernández‐Villar Alberto , López‐Campos José Luis 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIntroductionDespite widespread recommendations to use standardized questionnaires and multidimensional indices for the assessment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), few data are available on the application of these tools in clinical practice. This study evaluates the attitude of physicians participating in the On‐Sint cohort toward the use of health status questionnaires and multidimensional indices, as well as toward the frequency of visits and spirometry in primary care and specialized care.MethodsDuring the constitution of the On‐Sint cohort, the participating physicians were surveyed about their clinical practice. They were questioned on the frequency of spirometry and visits and on the use of various questionnaires and indices. The health status questionnaires assessed were St. George's respiratory questionnaire, chronic respiratory questionnaire, airways questionnaire 20 and COPD assessment test (CAT). Physicians were also asked about the use of the medical research council (MRC) dyspnea scale and multidimensional indices such as body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, exercise capacity (BODE).ResultsOf the 356 physicians who participated in the study, 258 (72.5 %) completed the investigator's questionnaire (185 primary care, 73 specialized care). Nonscheduled visits were inversely proportional to the severity of COPD. Overall, 34.1% reported using health status questionnaires, mainly CAT (20.9%). We found differences between primary and specialized care in the use of multidimensional indices (84.9% vs 47.6%; P < 0.001). Of all the participants, 33.3% reported using the MRC scale and 28.7% the BODE index.ConclusionsMultidimensional indices and questionnaires are not commonly used with some differences between primary care and specialized care physicians. There is a considerable variability in the frequency of follow‐up visits and spirometry.
Genomewide effects of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma in macrophages and dendritic cells – revealing complexity through systems biology
Authors: Cuaranta‐Monroy Ixchelt , Kiss Mate , Simandi Zoltan , Nagy Laszlo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackgroundSystems biology approaches have become indispensable tools in biomedical and basic research. These data integrating bioinformatic methods gained prominence after high‐throughput technologies became available to investigate complex cellular processes, such as transcriptional regulation and protein–protein interactions, on a scale that had not been studied before. Immunology is one of the medical fields that systems biology impacted profoundly due to the plasticity of cell types involved and the accessibility of a wide range of experimental models.Materials and methodsIn this review, we summarize the most important recent genomewide studies exploring the function of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ in macrophages and dendritic cells. PPARγ ChIP‐seq experiments were performed in adipocytes derived from embryonic stem cells to complement the existing data sets and to provide comparators to macrophage data. Finally, lists of regulated genes generated from such experiments were analysed with bioinformatics and system biology approaches.ResultsWe show that genomewide studies utilizing high‐throughput data acquisition methods made it possible to gain deeper insights into the role of PPARγ in these immune cell types. We also demonstrate that analysis and visualization of data using network‐based approaches can be used to identify novel genes and functions regulated by the receptor.ConclusionsThe example of PPARγ in macrophages and dendritic cells highlights the crucial importance of systems biology approaches in establishing novel cellular functions for long‐known signaling pathways.