bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonemergency Forensic Psychiatric House Calls
Authors: Casals-Ariet CB , Bluestone H 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Recent literature on medical house calls in general is not extensive, and that on nonemergency forensic psychiatric calls in particular is nearly nonexistent. Two cases of nonemergency forensic psychiatric house calls are described in this communication; it is our contention that they led the psychiatrist to a better appraisal of the person's capacity to perform than would have been expected from office visits. One situation involved testamentary capacity; the other, possible abrogation of parental rights. In our estimation the individual, as well as the legal system, would benefit if this type of house call were promoted.
Suicide Reconstruction by Glue-Lift of Gunshot Residue
Authors: Basu S , Ferriss S , Horn R 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Based upon the recently developed glue-lift collection of gunshot residue particles for examination in the scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-rays, this laboratory has undertaken a research program to determine if reconstruction of gunshot deaths is feasible. Because undisturbed conditions of suicide victims may help in securing unambiguous results and high success rates, the program has been carried out to reconstruct suicides only. Data obtained from 13 firearms suicides and their laboratory reconstruction which involved primarily shotguns and handguns, indicate that reconstruction can be immensely useful to interpretation of the gunshot residue distributions on a suspect's or victim's hands. This reports outlines the basic experiments performed to relate the residue emission from the gun to the deposits found on the firing hand(s) and a description of the reconstruction technique that uses a target to simulate a human body. The technique can determine the specifics of a victim's hand position at the time of firing and which hand was used to pull the trigger. Because the technique is sensitive to the nature of the grasp of the firing hand and of the supporting hand, in the case of a shotgun, it has been possible in all cases to date, to determine which one of the potential eight hand positions existed at the time of shooting.
A Case of Strangulation with Postmortem Amputation of the Penis
Authors: Katsumata Y , Ito H , Sato K , Sato M , Yada S 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A case of homicide with postmortem amputation of the penis was described. The penis found later in a home freezer in the apartment of the culprit showed “zigsaw” fit to the victim. In order to substantiate the morphological findings, phenotypes of three isozymes, phosphoglucomutase1 (PGM1), phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD), and esterase D (EsD) together with ABO blood type were determined in the skin of the penis amputated. All of the four genetic markers determined with the penis were the same as those determined with heart blood of the victim.
Laser and Fiber Optic Photographic Analysis of Single-Edge Paper Striations
Authors: Cain S 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The Secret Service has recently developed a technique of utilizing time-lapse photography in conjunction with fiber optic and helium-neon light sources in recording the striae appearing along the edges of single counterfeit notes. It appears that thus far, the fiber optic system of photographically recording striae criteria is superior to the laser systems. Future research is designed to improve the resolution of the laser process together with attempting to store and retrieve automatically the striae identifying criteria from appropriate computer hardware.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-III: A Perspective from Family Court
Authors: Garmise R , Guggenheim PD , Schuster R 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-III) is evaluated from the standpoint of forensic science experience in a family court setting. The importance of diagnosis in developing pertinent recommendations within an adversarial system is discussed, with particular emphasis on difficulties in coordinating the Manual with the mental disorders frequently found in such a population. The limitations of the current criteria of the developmental disabilities are noted, and problems of reconciling incest and child abuse with the nomenclature are investigated. Some inconsistencies in the conceptualization of the conduct disorders and antisocial personality disorder are explored in terms of the needs of the juvenile justice system. An additional coding procedure is proposed for DSM-III, in order to identify more easily prodromal or emerging disorders of clinical significance.
A Review of Forensic Medicine: A Guide to Principles, 2nd Edition
Authors: Henry TE 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This is second edition of a text originally published in 1975. In the preface the authors state “A scientific evaluation of this discipline must discard the medico-legal mythology that still pervades much forensic thinking, writing and practice.” With this concept in mind, portions of the text leave the impression that status thymicolymphaticus can be a legitimate cause of death, fat emboli may not be clinically significant, and instantaneous cadaveric rigidity can occur in some natural deaths.
Laser Detection of Latent Fingerprints: Difficult Surfaces
Authors: Burt JA , Roland Menzel E 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Fingerprint development techniques that use blue-green laser light suffer from high background fluorescence on substrates such as cardboard, wood, leather, and some metals and plastics. These substrates tend to exhibit little or no fluorescence under ultraviolet light, prompting us to search for procedures that yield visible fluorescence under this illumination. Specifically, chemical development with dansyl chloride and vapor staining with 9-methylanthracene were found to be useful when dealing with these substrates. Fluorescence excitation was possible either with an ultraviolet lamp or an argon-ion laser operating in the ultraviolet. Coumarin 535 vapor staining following 9-methylanthracene staining was also found effective.
Latent Fingerprint Development by Frequency-Doubled Neodymium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) Laser: Benzo(f)ninhydrin
Authors: Roland Menzel E , Almog J 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The ninhydrin/zinc chloride method for laser latent fingerprint development is not well suited to the use of frequency-doubled neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers. We have examined several ninhydrin analogues and find that benzo(f)ninhydrin is very well matched to the use of this laser.
Comparison of Argon-Ion, Copper-Vapor, and Frequency-Doubled Neodymium: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (ND:YAG) Lasers for Latent Fingerprint Development
Authors: Roland Menzel E 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Argon-ion. copper-vapor, and frequency-doubled neodymium: yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers have been examined for efficiency in latent fingerprint detection. All three types of laser are found to be effective. Argon-ion lasers have the greatest power and range of useful wavelengths while frequency-doubled Nd:YAG lasers offer crime scene capability. On rare occasions latent prints observable under the argon-ion laser are not visually discernible under the Nd:YAG laser, but can be located with a sensitive television camera. Once located, photography of such prints is straightforward.
Detectability of Group-Specific Component (Gc) in Aged Bloodstains
Authors: Podlecki MA , Stolorow MD 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
An improved method of group-specific component (Gc) typing was conducted electrophoretically on agarose gel. Individual bloodstains randomly collected from different individual donors over a five-year period at intervals of approximately one month were checked for Gc activity. Group-specific component was typed accurately in dried bloodstains stored at room temperature up to 43 months in age. From 100 different donors, bloodstains ranging in age from 38 to 43 months were tested by the methods described and 73% of the samples were interpretable for Gc.
Ballpoint Ink Age Determination by Volatile Component Comparison—A Preliminary Study
Authors: Stewart LF 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Ballpoint pen inks consist primarily of a mixture of dyes, resins, and vehicle components. The vehicles are used to solubilize or suspend dyes, resins, and other components as well as to provide smooth ball movement and flow of ink onto writing surfaces. These vehicles are relatively volatile and make up approximately 50% of the ink by weight. Extraction and formulation identification of the questioned ink is performed. Once identified, the volatile components of the ink are measured quantitatively by gas chromatography. Preliminary studies show that the relative proportions of these volatile ingredients decrease as the ink ages. How long an ink has been on paper is determined by comparison of the relative concentrations of the volatile components of the questioned ink with those of known inks (age) of the same formulation. The relationship between age of ink, storage conditions, and paper will also be discussed.
A Measurement of Human Hair Oxidation by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Brenner L , Squires PL , Garry M , Tumosa CS 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Human scalp hair samplees were oxidized to determine the sulfonic acid absorption peak. This peak was monitored at 1044 cm−1 by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in hair samples from 135 whites and found to provide a degree of discrimination in treated and untreated hairs. The effects of moisture, laboratory storage, natural hair color, and variation over time were also studied.
Biochemical Changes of the Synovial Liquid in Corpses with Regard to the Cause of Death. 1: Calcium, Inorganic Phosphorus, Glucose, Cholesterol, Urea Nitrogen, Uric Acid, Proteins, and Albumin
Authors: More DS , Arroyo MC 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
We present in this work a study about biochemical changes of the synovial liquid in 100 corpses with regard to the cause of death. The results obtained in the different groups of causes of death show that the biochemical parameters were modified postmortem although we think that this modification is related more directly to the duration of the pathological process that leads to death than with the nature of the process itself.
An Unusual Penetrating Head Wound by a Yard Broom and Its Medicolegal Aspects
Authors: Bhootra BK 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A fatal case of a homicidal penetrating head injury by a blunt object (yard broom) is described. A piece of wood penetrated the skull and remained in the intracranial cavity resulting in infection. The need of careful examination of the head injury is emphasized.
A Review of Drug Metabolite Isolation & Determination
Authors: Baselt RC 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This is the twelth volume in a series entitled “Methodological Surveys in Biochemistry and Analysis,” edited by Dr. Eric Reid of the University of Surrey; it is the second such volume discussed by this reviewer (see JournalofAnalytical ToxicologyK, Vol. 3, 1979, p. 224). while Dr. Reid has “cleaned up” his literary act significantly over the years, having recently refrained from using wraparound sentences and footnotes to footnotes, he was apparently unable to restrain entirely his double-jointed typist in the latest volume. The result, a collection of 30 articles by some 52 contributors (including our own Rokus de Zeeuw), is a multifaceted, perhaps eclectic, presentation of approaches to drug analysis in biological fluids that is occasionally marred by the cryptic editorial style that hag become the trademark of this series.
A Review of Instrumental Data for Drug Analysis—Volumes 1 and 2
Authors: Blanke RV 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Each of these volumes contains ultraviolet (UV). infrared (IR), proton nuclear magnetic nance (NMR). mass spectrometry (MS). gas chromatography (GC), and high pressure id chromatography (HPLC) data on approximately 300 drugs. In addition a brief monograph ach drug gives the title name (usually the generic name) molecular formula, molecular hts, (one acceptable by IUPAC convention and another using the most abundant rally occurring isotope of each element), the Chemical Abstracts name, other common, ial, or trade names, a therapeutic use, and the structure of the compound. HPLC data cate the column, coded solvent composition, and retention time in minutes. GC data ude a Kovats index for defined column, flow rate, and carrier gas, together with the mn temperature. Other data are displayed as charts on two 8- by 1 l-in. facing pages. two volumes include about 600 drugs.
A Review of Clinical Toxicology
Authors: Cravey RH 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This is the third edition of Professors Poison's Clinical Toxicology. Many forensic toxicologists and pathologists are familiar with the first edition published in 1959, and coauthored by Dr. R. N. Tattersall. The second edition was published in 1969 and reprinted several times. Dr. Tattersall has since died, and Drs. Green and Lee, of the departments of forensic medicine and clinical pharmacology, respectively, have contributed to this edition. Forensic scientists not familiar with the earlier editions may find the title misleading and assume the book is concerned solely with the diagnosis and treatment of poisoning. Nothing could be further from the truth. In addition to symptoms and treatment, distribution and elimina- tion, autopsy findings in fatal cases, and illustrative cases are often given.
Density, Refractive Index, and Dispersion in the Examination of Glass: Their Relative Worth as Proof
Authors: Slater DP , Fong W 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBy statistical analysis of probabilities, the value of density, refractive index, and dispersion for identifying the source of glass samples is evaluated. Empirical tests validated the statistical conclusions. It was determined that density has by far the greatest differentiating power of the three parameters tested; assuming equal thresholds of discrimination, density has a differentiating power some six times greater than that of refractive index. Dispersion offers little, if any, improvement over refractive index. Density and refractive index together are somewhat greater in value than density alone.
Identification of the Major Impurities in the Illicit Manufacture of Tryptamines and Related Compounds
Authors: Cowie JS , Holtham AL , Jones LV 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
N-[1-hydroxy-2-(3-indolyl)ethyl] pyrrolidine was detected as an impurity in N-[2-(3-indolyl)ethyl] pyrrolidine (tetramethylene tryptamine). 1-(N,N-diethlyamino)-2-(3-indo-lyl)ethan-1-ol together with 2-(3-indolyl)ethan-1-ol were detected as impurities 1-(N,N-diethyl-amino)-2-(3-indolyl)-ethane (N,N-diethyl tryptamine). These impurities indicate that the synthetic route was that of Misztal and such information is important.
Primary Malignant Lymphoma of the Heart in Sudden Unexpected Death
Authors: Roh LS , Paparo GP 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A case of sudden unexpected death resulting from asymptomatic primary malignant lymphoma of the heart in a previously healthy 64-year-old male is reported. Primary malignant tumor of the heart is extremely rare. The incidence of cardiac primary tumor ranges from 0.0017% to 0.06%. The signs and symptoms are usually those of congestive heart failure.
Transfer of Nitroglycerine to Hands during Contact with Commercial Explosives
Authors: Twibell JD , Home JM , Smalldon KW , Higgs DG 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The techniques of thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography with electron capture detection, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were used to analyze hand swab extracts for the presence of nitroglycerine. Both the amount of nitroglycerine transferred to the hands after handling commercial explosives and its persistence were measured. Gas chromatography-electron capture detection was found to be the most accurate and sensitive technique for making such determinations, especially if the extract was partially purified by thin-layer chromatography prior to analysis. The lowest limit of detection was 10 ng of nitroglycerine, and residues could be detected over 20 h after handling the raw explosive.
An Assessment of the Immunofluorescence Technique as a Method for Demonstrating the Histological Localization of Tetrahydrocannabinol in Mammalian Tissues
Authors: Morley M , Gee DJ 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The use of the indirect immunofluorescence technique as a method for demonstrating the histological localization of tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC) has been examined. The experimental protocol was designed in order that optimal staining conditions with respect to temperature, the length of time of incubations and washes, and the dilution of the antisera should be defined. No marked differences were detected between frozen sections of liver from normal and Δ-THC-injected mice. Results from radiotracer experiments using human liver suggest that the success of the method is dependent upon the solubility characteristics of the antigen-antibody complex.
Determination of Aminopyrine and Cyclobarbital from a Skeleton by Radioimmunoassay
Authors: Terazawa K , Takatori T 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Aminopyrine and cyclobarbital were detected in the spongy osseous tissue of a skeleton by radioimmunoassay in the concentrations of 12.8 and 3.1 μg/g, respectively.
The Examination of Notary Seals
Authors: Vastrick TW 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Many legal documents go through the notarization process as normal procedure. This process is also used by the criminal element to add an appearance of legitimacy to fraudulent documents. Proper examination of questioned notary seals requires an understanding of defect significance, manner of manufacture, and state regulations of notarization. It is the purpose of this paper to supply this information.
Illicit and Licit Drugs Causing Perforation of the Nasal Septum
Authors: Vilensky W 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Examination of three patients who were presented for routine physical examinations revealed significant perforations of the anterior nasal septum. A 26-year-old male and 28-year-old female with this defect have been chronic abusers of cocaine by nasal inhalation. A 69-year-old female showed a similar defect by overuse of a common over-the-counter nasal spray containing the decongestant phenylephrine. Both drugs are powerful vasoconstrictors that reduce blood flow to the local area. With prolonged use there is persistent deprivation to the tissue of oxygen necessary for cell viability, with resultant necrosis. Additionally, the physical irritation from the impingement by these drugs on the nasal membranes further hastens the destructive process. Finally, the tissue breakdown is complete with perforations of various sizes.
A Review of Human Relations: Law Enforcement in a Changing Community
Authors: Labowitz DI 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This text is not for a person interested in obtaining a thorough understanding of police in the community. Rather it would best be utilized as a source of discussion material for police cadets. The authors raise questions on police action and reaction in the context of dealing with nonpolice citizens, generally members of minority groups. The viewpoint taken is that of the minority, rather than the police. With the exception of the book's third section, the text does the job of a trained group leader in police-minority relations.
A Review of Wyatt V. Stickney: Retrospect and Prospect
Authors: Sadoff RL 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This rather small (245 pages) book is the most comprehensive review of perhaps the most important case on the right to treatment for psychiatric patients. The book, based on presentations at a conference on the rights of mental patients held at the University of Alabama, Ferguson Center, 25–26 Sept. 1980, is edited by two psychiatrists from the University of Alabama, both of whom have had intimate contact with the Wyatt case and its consequences.
A Review of Toxicological and Pathological Studies on Psychoactive Drug Involved Deaths
Authors: Caplan YH 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This book presents detailed summaries of pertinent information regarding 3004 deaths collected from nine metropolitan areas in the United States all involving psychoactive drugs. Toxicologists fundamentally are confronted with interpreting the results of analytical determinations and ascertaining the range of concentrations of psychoactive drugs in biological fluids and tissues that are associated with death. By presenting data such as drug concentrations, methadology, role of drug in death, route of administration, autopsy findings, and cause of death as well as other information in a uniform manner, the authors have presented the scientific community with a valuable registry. Too infrequently is a compilation of data presented in the literature that permits independent study and allows the toxicologist to derive his own conclusions.
Self-Mutilation and Private Accident Insurance
Authors: Bonte W 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
During the past few years in the Federal Republic of Germany, there has been a continuous increase in deliberate self-inflicted damage with the aim of defrauding insurance companies. This paper concerns itself with amputations of the finger(s) caused by axes, electric saws, and blunt force. The difficulty of proving an intentional injury is shown, and suggestions for a procedure for making a report are given.
Antemortem Chemical Hypothyroxinemia
Authors: Bonnell HJ 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Based on reports of hypothyroidism in intensive care unit patients, a preliminary study was instituted in which 40 patients coming to autopsy, with no history of thyroid disease, were studied to include gross and microscopic study of the thyroid gland and the performance of thyroid function tests on all serum specimens submitted within seven days of death. Initial studies show that with the exception of sudden cardiac death, all of the autopsy patients showed evidence of chemical hypothyroxinemia within three days preceding death without any histologic abnormalities of the thyroid gland. Thyroid function tests were subsequently studied of decedents and survivor controls matched for age, sex, disease, and stage of disease if applicable. The findings were similar.
Morphine in Lymph Nodes of Heroin Users
Authors: Nakamura GR , Choi JH 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
During the autopsy of heroin users, the most consistent morphologic finding is the enlargement of hepatic lymph nodes. Nodes from seven heroin addicts were analyzed for morphine and a concentration range of 0.02 to 0.87 mg/100 g was found. Morphine was detected in all of the nodes examined and the concentration was generally higher than that in the blood.