bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computação em grid como ferramenta essencial na investigação da estrutura do universo
Authors: Suaide Alexandre , Munhoz Marcelo Ganeiro 
Published: December 2013

Movidos pela curiosidade e a necessidade humana de compreender o mundo que nos cerca, a física cria diversas demandas por novas tecnologias. Um exemplo dessa demanda é o processamento de dados gerados em grandes aceleradores de partículas, como o LHC (Large Hadron Collider) recentemente construído no laboratório europeu Cern (European Organization for Nuclear Research). Computação em grid consiste em um sistema federativo descentralizado de recursos computacionais, interconectados, com objetivos comuns. A computação em grid é um excelente exemplo de produto criado por essa demanda, que certamente terá dezenas, se não milhares, de aplicações em um futuro próximo.
A computação em nuvem na Universidade de São Paulo
Authors: Zuffo Marcelo Knörich , Kofuji Sérgio Takeo , Lopes Roseli de Deus , Hira Adilson 
Published: December 2013

A computação em nuvem é uma tendência observada após a Internet, a partir 1995, deixar de ser exclusivamente acadêmica e passar a ser também explorada comercialmente por empresas em escala global. Nesses últimos dezoito anos, observou-se rapidamente uma enorme incorporação da Internet no cotidiano, de tal forma que, no ano de 2012, 2,5 bilhões de humanos já se encontram conectados à rede. Essa expansão foi acompanhada por uma intensa atividade de inovação tecnológica e comercial. Dentre as inovações tecnológicas destacamos a evolução da microeletrônica e a virtualização. A computação em nuvem surge como um mecanismo para o uso intensivo de recursos computacionais, e o acesso à "nuvem" passa a ser realizado por dispositivos móveis e portáteis a partir de qualquer lugar do planeta. Este artigo discute a adoção do paradigma de computação em nuvem na Universidade de São Paulo e seu potencial impacto nas atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão.
Intake of Dietary Phylloquinone and Menaquinones and Risk of Stroke
Authors: Vissers Linda E. T. , Dalmeijer Geertje W. , Boer Jolanda M. A. , Monique Verschuren W. M. , van der Schouw Yvonne T. , Beulens Joline W. J. 
Published: December 2013

Background

Dietary vitamin K intake is thought to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease (
CVD
) by reducing vascular calcification, although vitamin K is also involved in coagulation. Studies investigating the association between phylloquinone intake and risk of stroke are scarce, and the relation with menaquinones has not been investigated to date.

Methods and Results

We investigated the association between intake of phylloquinone and menaquinones and stroke in a prospective cohort of 35 476 healthy subjects. Information on occurrence of stroke was obtained by linkage to national registries, and stroke was further specified into ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Vitamin K intake was estimated using a validated food‐frequency questionnaire. Multivariate
C
ox proportional hazards models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle, and other dietary factors were used to estimate the associations. During a follow‐up of 12.1±2.1 years, 580 incident cases of stroke were identified, 163 of which were hemorrhagic and 324 were ischemic. Phylloquinone intake was not associated with risk of stroke with a hazard ratio (
HR
) of 1.09 (95%
CI
: 0.85 to 1.40,
P
trend
0.41) for the highest versus lowest quartile. For intake of menaquinones similar results were found, with an HR
Q4 versus Q1
of 0.99 (95%
CI
: 0.75 to 1.29,
P
trend
0.82). When specifying hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke or menaquinone subtypes, no significant associations were detected.

Conclusion
In our study, neither dietary phylloquinone nor dietary menaquinones intake were associated with stroke risk.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Multiple Cervical Artery Dissection
Authors: Béjot Yannick , Aboa-Eboulé Corine , Debette Stéphanie , Pezzini Alessandro , Tatlisumak Turgut , Engelter Stefan , Grond-Ginsbach Caspar , Touzé Emmanuel , Sessa Maria , Metso Tiina , Metso Antti , Kloss Manja , Caso Valeria , Dallongeville Jean , Lyrer Philippe , Leys Didier , Giroud Maurice , Pandolfo Massimo , Abboud Shérine 
Published: December 2013

Background and Purpose—
Little is known about factors contributing to multiple rather than single cervical artery dissections (CeAD) and their associated prognosis.

Methods—
We compared the baseline characteristics and short-term outcome of patients with multiple to single CeAD included in the multicenter Cervical Artery Dissection and Ischemic Stroke Patients (CADISP) study.

Results—
Among the 983 patients with CeAD, 149 (15.2%) presented with multiple CeAD. Multiple CeADs were more often associated with cervical pain at admission (odds ratio [OR], 1.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–2.30), a remote history of head or neck surgery (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.16–3.00), a recent infection (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.12–2.61), and cervical manipulation (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.26–3.95). On imaging, cervical fibromuscular dysplasia (OR, 3.97; 95% CI, 2.04–7.74) and the presence of a pseudoaneurysm (OR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.86–4.57) were more often seen in patients with multiple CeAD. The presence of multiple rather than single CeAD had no effect on functional 3-month outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, ≥3; 12% in multiple CeAD versus 11.9% in single CeAD; OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.60–2.41).

Conclusions—
In the largest published series of patients with CeAD, we highlighted significant differences between multiple and single artery involvement. Features suggestive of an underlying vasculopathy (fibromuscular dysplasia) and environmental triggers (recent infection, cervical manipulation, and a remote history of head or neck surgery) were preferentially associated with multiple CeAD.
Assessing the Performance of a Vulnerability Index during Oppressive Heat across Georgia, United States
Authors: Maier George , Grundstein Andrew , Jang Woncheol , Li Chao , Naeher Luke P. , Shepherd Marshall 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Extreme heat is the leading weather-related killer in the United States. Vulnerability to extreme heat has previously been identified and mapped in urban areas to improve heat morbidity and mortality prevention efforts. However, only limited work has examined vulnerability outside of urban locations. This study seeks to broaden the geographic context of earlier work and compute heat vulnerability across the state of Georgia, which offers diverse landscapes and populations with varying sociodemographic characteristics. Here, a modified heat vulnerability index (HVI) developed by Reid et al. is used to characterize vulnerability by county. About half of counties with the greatest heat vulnerability index scores contain the larger cities in the state (i.e., Athens, Atlanta, Augusta, Columbus, Macon, and Savannah), while the other half of high-vulnerability counties are located in more rural counties clustered in southwestern and east-central Georgia. The source of vulnerability varied between the more urban and rural high-vulnerability counties, with poverty and population of nonwhite residents driving vulnerability in the more urban counties and social isolation/population of elderly/poor health the dominant factor in the more rural counties. Additionally, the effectiveness of the HVI in identifying vulnerable populations was investigated by examining the effect of modification of the vulnerability index score with mortality during extreme heat. Except for the least vulnerable categories, the relative risk of mortality increases with increasing vulnerability. For the highest-vulnerability counties, oppressively hot days lead to a 7.7% increase in mortality.
Religiosity, health and happiness: Significant relations in adolescents from Qatar
Authors: Abdel-Khalek Ahmed M 
Published: December 2013

Background: Several studies have revealed positive associations between religiosity, health and happiness. However, the vast majority of these studies were carried out on native English-speaking participants. Aims: The objective of this study was to estimate the relations between religiosity, health and happiness among a sample ( N = 372) of Qatari adolescents ( Mage = 15.2). Method: The students responded to five self-rating scales to assess religiosity, mental health, physical health, happiness and satisfaction with life. Results: Boys obtained a higher mean score on mental health than did their female counterparts. All the correlations between the rating scales were significant and positive. Principal component analysis disclosed one component and labelled ‘Religiosity, health and happiness’ in both sexes. The multiple stepwise regression indicated that the predictors of religiosity were the self-ratings of satisfaction with life and happiness in boys, whereas the predictors among girls were satisfaction with life and physical health. Conclusions: On the basis of the responses of the present sample, it was concluded that those who consider themselves as religious were more happy, satisfied with their life and healthy.
Psychiatric profiles of mothers who take Ecstasy/MDMA during pregnancy: Reduced depression 1 year after giving birth and quitting Ecstasy
Authors: Turner John JD , Parrott Andrew C , Goodwin Julia , Moore Derek G , Fulton Sarah , Min Meeyoung O , Singer Lynn T 
Published: December 2013

Background: The recreational drug MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) or ‘Ecstasy’ is associated with heightened psychiatric distress and feelings of depression. The Drugs and Infancy Study (DAISY) monitored the psychiatric symptom profiles of mothers who used Ecstasy/MDMA while pregnant, and followed them over the first year post-partum. Methods: We compared 28 young women whom took MDMA during their pregnancy with a polydrug control group of 68 women who took other psychoactive drugs while pregnant. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) was completed for several periods: The first trimester of pregnancy; and 1, 4 and 12 months after childbirth. Recreational drug use was monitored at each time point. Results: During the first trimester of pregnancy, MDMA-using mothers reported higher depression scores than the polydrug controls. At 1 year after childbirth, their BSI depression scores were significantly lower, now closer to the control group values. At the same time point, their self-reported use of MDMA became nearly zero, in contrast to their continued use of Cannabis/marijuana, nicotine and alcohol. We found significant symptom reductions in those with BSI obsessive-compulsive and interpersonal sensitivity, following Ecstasy/MDMA cessation. Conclusions: The findings from this unique prospective study of young recreational drug-using mothers are consistent with previous reports of improved psychiatric health after quitting MDMA.
Long-term follow-up of home-based behavioral management training provided by migraine patients
Authors: Voerman Jessica S , Klerk Cora de , Mérelle Saskia YM , Aartsen Elise , Timman Reinier , Sorbi Marjolijn J , Passchier Jan 
Published: December 2013

Background Behavioral migraine approaches are effective in reducing headache attacks. Availability of treatment might be increased by using migraine patients as trainers. Therefore, Mérelle and colleagues developed and evaluated a home-based behavioral management training (BMT) by lay trainers ( 1 ). The maintenance of effects at long-term follow-up is studied in the present study. Method Measurements were taken pre-BMT (T0), post-BMT (T1), at six-month follow-up (T2), and at long-term follow-up, i.e. two to four years after BMT (T3). Data of 127 participants were analyzed with longitudinal multi-level analyses. Results Short-term improvements in attack frequency and self-efficacy post-BMT were maintained at long-term follow-up ( dT0–T3 = −.34 and dT0–T3 = .69, respectively). The level of internal control that increased during BMT decreased from post-BMT to long-term follow-up ( dT0–T3 = .18). Quality of life and migraine-related disability improved gradually over time ( dT0–T3 = .45 and dT0–T3 = −.26, respectively). Conclusions Although the results should be interpreted with caution because of the lack of a follow-up control group and the inability to gather information about additional treatments patients may have received during the follow-up period, the findings suggest that lay BMT for migraine may be beneficial over the long term. If so, this could make migraine treatments more widely available.
Functional connectivity changes within specific networks parallel the clinical evolution of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Basile B , Castelli M , Monteleone F , Nocentini U , Caltagirone C , Centonze D , Cercignani M , Bozzali M 
Published: December 2013

Background: In multiple sclerosis (MS), the location of focal lesions does not always correlate with clinical symptoms, suggesting disconnection as a major pathophysiological mechanism. Resting-state (RS) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is believed to reflect brain functional connectivity (FC) within specific neuronal networks. Objective: RS-fMRI was used to investigate changes in FC within two critical networks for the understanding of MS disabilities, namely, the sensory-motor network (SMN) and the default-mode network (DMN), respectively, implicated in sensory-motor and cognitive functions. Methods: Thirty-four relapsing–remitting (RR), 14 secondary progressive (SP) MS patients and 25 healthy controls underwent MRI at 3T, including conventional images, T1-weighted volumes, and RS-fMRI sequences. Independent component analysis (ICA) was employed to extract maps of the relevant RS networks for every participant. Group analyses were performed to assess changes in FC within the SMN and DMN in the two MS phenotypes. Results: Increased FC was found in both networks of MS patients. Interestingly, specific changes in either direction were observed also between RR and SP MS groups. Conclusions: FC changes seem to parallel patients’ clinical state and capability of compensating for the severity of clinical/cognitive disabilities.
Anti-KIR antibody enhancement of anti-lymphoma activity of natural killer cells as monotherapy and in combination with anti-CD20 antibodies
Authors: Kohrt Holbrook E. , Thielens Ariane , Marabelle Aurelien , Sagiv-Barfi Idit , Sola Caroline , Chanuc Fabien , Fuseri Nicolas , Bonnafous Cécile , Czerwinski Debra , Rajapaksa Amanda , Waller Erin , Ugolini Sophie , Vivier Eric , Romagné François , Levy Ronald , Bléry Mathieu , André Pascale 
Published: December 2013

Key Points
Blockade of inhibitory KIRs with MHC class I antigens on lymphoma cells by anti-KIR antibodies augments NK-cell spontaneous cytotoxicity. In combination with anti-CD20 mAbs, anti-KIR induces enhanced NK cell–mediated, rituximab-dependent cytotoxicity against lymphoma.
miR394 and LCR are involved in Arabidopsis salt and drought stress responses in an abscisic acid-dependent manner
Authors: Song Jian Bo , Gao Shuai , Sun Di , Li Hua , Shu Xia Xia , Yang Zhi Min 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, endogenous non-coding small RNAs that have ability to base pair with their target mRNAs to induce their degradation in plants. miR394a/b are conserved small RNAs and its target gene LCR (LEAF CURLING RESPONSIVENESS) encodes an F-box protein (SKP1-Cullin/CDC53-F-box) but whether miR394a/b and its target gene LCR are involved in regulation of plant response to abscisic acid (ABA) and abiotic stresses is unknown.

Results
Mature miR394 and precursor miR394a/b are shown to be slightly induced by ABA. By contrast, LCR expression is depressed by ABA. Analysis of LCR and its promoter (pLCR::GUS) revealed that LCR is expressed at all development stages. MIR394a/b over-expression (35S::MIR394a/b) and lcr (LCR loss of function) mutant plants are hypersensitive to salt stress, but LCR over-expressing (35S::m5LCR) plants display the salt-tolerant phenotype. Both 35S::MIR394a/b and lcr plants are highly tolerant to severe drought stress compared with wild-type, but 35S::m5LCR plants are susceptible to water deficiency. Over-expression of MIR394a/b led to ABA hypersensitivity and ABA-associated phenotypes, whereas 35S::m5LCR plants show ABA resistance phenotypes. Moreover, 35S::MIR394a/b plants accumulated higher levels of ABA-induced hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radicals than wild-type and 35S::m5LCR plants. Expressions of ABA- and stress-responsive genes, ABI3, ABI4, ABI5, ABF3, and ABF4 are up-regulated in MIR394a/b over-expressing plants but down-regulated in 35S::m5LCR plants. Over-expression of MIR394a in abi4-1 or abi5-1 background resulted in loss of ABA-sensitivity in 35S::MIR394a plants.

Conclusions
The silencing of LCR mRNA by miR394 is essential to maintain a certain phenotype favorable for the adaptive response to abiotic stresses. The contrasting phenotypes of salt and drought responses may be mediated by a functional balance between miR394 and LCR. If the balance is perturbed in case of the abiotic stress, an identical phenotype related to the stress response occurs, resulting in either ABA sensitive or insensitive response. Thus, miR394-regulated LCR abundance may allow plants to fine-tune their responses to ABA and abiotic stress.
Involvement of nitric oxide synthase in matrix metalloproteinase-9- and/or urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-mediated glioma cell migration
Authors: Zhuang Thompson , Chelluboina Bharath , Ponnala Shivani , Velpula Kiran Kumar , Rehman Azeem A , Chetty Chandramu , Zakharian Eleonora , Rao Jasti S , Veeravalli Krishna Kumar 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Src tyrosine kinase activates inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and, in turn, nitric oxide production as a means to transduce cell migration. Src tyrosine kinase plays a key proximal role to control α9β1 signaling. Our recent studies have clearly demonstrated the role of α9β1 integrin in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and/or urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR)-mediated glioma cell migration. In the present study, we evaluated the involvement of α9β1 integrin-iNOS pathway in MMP-9- and/or uPAR-mediated glioma cell migration.

Methods
MMP-9 and uPAR shRNAs and overexpressing plasmids were used to downregulate and upregulate these molecules, respectively in U251 glioma cells and 5310 glioma xenograft cells. The effect of treatments on migration and invasion potential of these glioma cells were assessed by spheroid migration, wound healing, and Matrigel invasion assays. In order to attain the other objectives we also performed immunocytochemical, immunohistochemical, RT-PCR, Western blot and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis.

Results
Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the prominent association of iNOS with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Immunofluorescence analysis showed prominent expression of iNOS in glioma cells. MMP-9 and/or uPAR knockdown by respective shRNAs reduced iNOS expression in these glioma cells. RT-PCR analysis revealed elevated iNOS mRNA expression in either MMP-9 or uPAR overexpressed glioma cells. The migration potential of MMP-9- and/or uPAR-overexpressed U251 glioma cells was significantly inhibited after treatment with L-NAME, an inhibitor of iNOS. Similarly, a significant inhibition of the invasion potential of the control or MMP-9/uPAR-overexpressed glioma cells was noticed after L-NAME treatment. A prominent reduction of iNOS expression was observed in the tumor regions of nude mice brains, which were injected with 5310 glioma cells, after MMP-9 and/or uPAR knockdown. Protein expressions of cSrc, phosphoSrc and p130Cas were reduced with simultaneous knockdown of both MMP-9 and uPAR.

Conclusions
Taken together, our results from the present and earlier studies clearly demonstrate that α9β1 integrin-mediated cell migration utilizes the iNOS pathway, and inhibition of the migratory potential of glioma cells by simultaneous knockdown of MMP-9 and uPAR could be attributed to the reduced α9β1 integrin and iNOS levels.
Inference of mechanical states of intestinal motor activity using hidden Markov models
Authors: Wiklendt Lukasz , Costa Marcello , Dinning Phil G 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Background
Contractions and relaxations of the muscle layers within the digestive tract alter the external diameter and the internal pressures. These changes in diameter and pressure move digesting food and waste products. Defining these complex relationships is a fundamental step for neurogastroenterologists to be able define normal and abnormal gut motility.

Results
Utilising an in vitro technique that allows for the simultaneous recording of intraluminal pressure (manometry) and gut diameter (video) in an isolated section of rabbit colon, we developed a technique to help define the mechanical states of the muscle at any point in space and time during actual peristaltic movements. This was achieved by directly relating the changes in pressure to the changes in diameter along the length of the gut studied. For each individual measure of pressure or diameter, 3 dynamic state components were identified; increasing or decreasing changes or a stable period. Two additional static state components, fully contracted and fully distended, were defined for the diameter. Then qualitative mechanical states of the muscle activity were defined as combinations of these state components. A hidden Markov model was used to correlate adjacent-in-time samples, and the Viterbi algorithm was used to infer the most likely sequence of mechanical states based on the observed data. From this a spatiotemporal map of the mechanical states was produced, showing the regions of active contractions, active relaxations, or passive states along the length of the gut throughout the entire recording period.

Conclusions
The identification of mechanical muscles states based on gut diameter and intraluminal pressure was possible by modelling muscle activation with a hidden Markov model.