bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyst Report Readability and Stock Returns
Authors: Hsieh Chia‐Chun , Hui Kai Wai , Zhang Yao 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis study investigates the market's response to analyst report readability. We posit that readable reports decrease uncertainty of earnings expectations and by extension increase stock prices. Our results show that the equity market reacts more positively to readable reports and that this positive reaction is attributable to a reduction in uncertainty of future performance. Moreover, we find that the effect of readability on stock prices is significantly positive only for firms with greater R&D spending, higher bid‐ask spreads, a greater proportion of uninformed investors, and more experienced analysts, which suggests that readability matters only when information asymmetry in the equity market is high.
High Blood Pressure and Related Factors Among Individuals at High Risk for HIV/Sexually Transmitted Infections
Authors: Nam Soohyun , Whittemore Robin , Jeon Sangchoon , Davey‐Rothwell Melissa A. , Latkin Carl 
Published: October 2015

Data from a social network–based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention study with a total of 330 men and women at high risk for HIV/STIs were used to examine the relationships between substance use, depressive symptoms, general health, cardiovascular disease risk factors, sociodemographic characteristics, and systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP). Approximately 60% of the participants had prehypertension to stage 2 hypertension. In the base model, older patients (P<.0001), men (P=.003), and patients with poorer self‐reported health (P=.029) were significantly associated with high SBP, whereas older age (P<.001) and higher body mass index (P<.001) were significantly associated with higher DBP. After adjusting for the base model, high frequency of alcohol drinking and high frequency of binge drinking remained significant for high SBP and DBP. These data suggest that future cardiovascular disease programs should target moderate alcohol consumption to improve blood pressure among individuals at high risk for HIV/STIs.
miRNA‐532‐5p functions as an oncogenic microRNA in human gastric cancer by directly targeting RUNX3
Authors: Xu Xia , Zhang Yingjie , Liu Zhifang , Zhang Xinchao , Jia Jihui 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAccumulating data reveal that microRNAs are involved in gastric carcinogenesis. To date, no information was reported about the function and regulatory mechanism of miR‐532‐5p in human gastric cancer (GC). Thus, our study aims to determine the role and regulation of miR‐532‐5p in GC. Here, we found that transient and stable overexpression of miR‐532‐5p dramatically increased the potential of colony formation and migration of GC cells, decreased the percentage of cells in G1 phase and cell apoptosis in vitro, and increased the weight of mice lungs and number of lung xenografts in vivo. Gain‐of‐function, loss‐of‐function and luciferase activity assays demonstrated that miR‐532‐5p negatively regulated the expression of RUNX3 and its targets directly. We also found that miR‐532‐5p level was negatively correlated with RUNX3 gene expression in various GC cell lines. Our results indicate that miR‐532‐5p functions as an oncogenic miRNA by promoting cell growth, migration and invasion in human GC cells.
‘What the patient wants’: an investigation of the methods of ascertaining patient values in evidence‐based medicine and values‐based practice
Authors: Wieten Sarah 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEvidence‐Based Medicine (EBM), Values‐Based Practice (VBP) and Person‐Centered Healthcare (PCH) are all concerned with the values in play in the clinical encounter. However, these recent movements are not in agreement about how to discover these relevant values. In some parts of EBM textbooks, the prescribed method for discovering values is through social science research on the average values in a particular population. VBP by contrast always investigates the individually held values of the different stakeholders in the particular clinical encounter, although the account has some other difficulties. I argue that although average values for populations might be very useful in informing questions of resource distribution and policy making, their use cannot replace the individual solicitation of patient (and other stakeholder) values in the clinical encounter. Because of the inconsistency of the EBM stance on values, the incompatibility of some versions of the EBM treatment of values with PCH, and EBM's attempt to transplant research methods from science into the realm of values, I must recommend the use of the VBP account of values discovery.
Controlled attenuation parameter for the diagnosis of steatosis in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Lédinghen Victor de , Wong Grace Lai‐Hung , Vergniol Julien , Chan Henry Lik‐Yuen , Hiriart Jean‐Baptiste , Chan Anthony Wing‐Hung , Chermak Faiza , Choi Paul Cheung‐Lung , Foucher Juliette , Chan Carmen Ka‐Man , Merrouche Wassil , Chim Angel Mei‐Ling , Le Bail Brigitte , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackground and AimControlled attenuation parameter (CAP) evaluated with transient elastography (FibroScan) is a recent method for non‐invasive assessment of steatosis. Its usefulness in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unknown. We prospectively investigated the performance of CAP for the diagnosis of steatosis in NAFLD, factors associated with discordances between CAP and steatosis grades, and relationships between CAP and clinical or biological parameters.MethodsAll CAP examinations performed in NAFLD patients with a liver biopsy performed within 1 week of CAP measurement were included. Liver biopsies were assessed for activity and fibrosis stage, NAFLD activity score, and steatosis graded as follows: S0, steatosis < 5%; S1, 5–33%; S2, 34–66%; S3, >66%.ResultsTwo hundred sixty‐one patients (59% male, age 56 years) from two ethnic groups were included. No patient had steatosis < 5%. The area under the receiver‐operating characteristics curve of CAP for steatosis ≥S2 and S3 was 0.80 and 0.66, respectively. At a cut‐off value of 310 dB/m, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for ≥S2 steatosis were 79%, 71%, 86%, and 71%, respectively. Discordance of at least one grade between CAP and steatosis was observed in 81 patients. By multivariate analysis, only steatosis S2S3 was associated with no discordance. By multivariate analysis, only BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 was significantly associated with CAP > 310 dB/m.ConclusionThe association of CAP with steatosis, especially in patients with non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis, and with elevated BMI could be useful for the diagnosis and follow‐up of NAFLD patients.
Characterization of dendritic cells in lip and oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Costa Nádia Lago , Gonçalves Andréia Souza , Martins Allisson Filipe Lopes , Arantes Diego Antônio Costa , Silva Tarcília Aparecida , Batista Aline Carvalho 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundThere may be differences in the antitumor immunity induced by dendritic cells (DCs) during the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) located in the lip rather than in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the number of immature and mature DCs in SCC and potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity and lip.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was used to identify the number (cells/mm2) of immature (CD1a+) or mature (CD83+) DCs in samples of oral cavity SCC (OCSCC) (n = 39), lip SCC (LSCC) (n = 23), leukoplakia (LK) (n = 21), actinic cheilitis (AC) (n = 13), and normal mucosa of the oral cavity (OC control, n = 12) and the lip (lip control, n = 11).ResultsThe number of CD1a+ cells tended to be higher in the OC control samples compared with the LK (P = 0.04) and OCSCC (P = 0.21). Unlike, this cell population was lower in the lip control than in AC or LSCC (P < 0.05). The number of CD83+ cells was increased in the LSCC samples compared with the AC and lip control (P = 0.0001) and in OCSCC compared with both the LK (P = 0.001) and OC control (P = 0.0001) samples. LSCC showed an elevated number of CD1a+ and CD83+ cells compared with OCSCC (P = 0.03). The population of mature DCs was lower than the population of immature DCs in all of the tested groups (P < 0.05).ConclusionThere were a greater number of both mature and immature DC populations in the LSCC samples than in the OCSCC, which could contribute to establishing a more effective immune antitumor response for this neoplasm.
Attitudes of Slovene paediatricians to end‐of‐life care
Authors: Grosek Stefan , Orazem Miha , Kanic Maja , Vidmar Gaj , Groselj Urh 
Published: October 2015

AimsThe aims of this study were to assess the attitudes of Slovene paediatricians to aspects of end‐of‐life (EOL) care and compare these attitudes between paediatric intensivists, paediatric specialists and paediatric residents.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional survey, using a specifically designed 43‐item anonymous questionnaire.ResultsWe included 323 out of 586 Slovene paediatricians and residents, while 46.7% (151 of 323) of them responded to our questionnaire. More than half of intensivists (54.2%) had sought counsel from the Committee for Medical Ethics in the past as compared with 12.0% and 12.1% of specialists and residents, respectively (P < 0.001). The decision to limit life‐sustaining treatment (LST) was found to be ethically acceptable in all groups of respondents. The highest level of agreement was found in residents (90.2%), followed by 83.3% among intensivists and 73.8% among specialists (P = not statistically significant (NS)). Disagreement with termination of hydration was highest among residents (85%) and intensivists (79.2%) while it was lower among specialists (66.7%) (P = NS). Patient's best interest, good clinical practice and patient's autonomous decision were graded as the top three aspects of the EOL care, while cost effectiveness and availability of patient's bed in intensive care were the least important.ConclusionsThe decision to limit LST measures was found to be ethically acceptable for Slovene paediatricians. No major differences were found among paediatric intensivists, specialist paediatricians and paediatric residents in the attitudes towards the EOL care.
Rural‐Urban Differences in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Diagnostic Prevalence in Kentucky and West Virginia
Authors: Abner Erin L. , Jicha Gregory A. , Christian W. Jay , Schreurs Bernard G. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPurposeOlder adults living in rural areas may face barriers to obtaining a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRD). We sought to examine rural‐urban differences in prevalence of ADRD among Medicare beneficiaries in Kentucky and West Virginia, 2 contiguous, geographically similar states with large rural areas and aged populations.MethodsWe used Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Public Use Files data from 2007 to 2013 to assess prevalence of ADRD at the county level among all Medicare beneficiaries in each state. Rural‐Urban Continuum Codes were used to classify counties as rural or urban. We used Poisson regression to estimate unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios. Primary analyses focused on 2013 data and were repeated for 2007 to 2012. This study was completely ecologic.FindingsAfter adjusting for state, average beneficiary age, percent of female beneficiaries, percent of beneficiaries eligible for Medicaid in each county, Central Appalachian county, percent of age‐eligible residents enrolled in Medicare, and percent of residents under age 65 enrolled in Medicare in our adjusted models, we found that 2013 ADRD diagnostic prevalence was 11% lower in rural counties (95% CI: 9%‐13%).ConclusionsMedicare beneficiaries in rural counties in Kentucky and West Virginia may be underdiagnosed with respect to ADRD. However, due to the ecologic design, and evidence of a younger, more heavily male beneficiary population in some rural areas, further studies using individual‐level data are needed to confirm the results.
Increasing the Rural Physician Workforce: A Potential Role for Small Rural Medical School Campuses
Authors: Crump William J. , Fricker R. Steve , Ziegler Craig H. , Wiegman David L. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPurposeTo address the issue of physician maldistribution, some medical schools have rural‐focused efforts, and many more are in the planning or early implementation stage. The best duration and structure of the rural immersion experience are unclear, and the relative effects of rural upbringing and rural training on subsequent rural practice choice are often difficult to determine.MethodsTo determine the effect of adding a rural clinical campus to our school, we analyzed the variables of rural upbringing, demographics, family medicine residency choice, and campus participation using a multivariate model for association with rural practice choice. We included graduates from the classes of 2001‐2008 from both campuses (urban and rural) in the analysis.FindingsWe found similar associations to those reported previously of rural upbringing (OR = 2.67 [1.58‐4.52]) and family medicine residency (OR = 5.08 [2.88‐8.98]) with rural practice choice. Even controlling for these 2 variables, participation in the full 2 years at the rural clinical campus showed the strongest association (OR = 5.46 [2.61‐11.42]). All 3 associations were significant at P < .001, and no other variables were significant.ConclusionsWe conclude that the investment of resources in our rural campus may add an increment to rural practice choice beyond the established associations with rural upbringing and family medicine residency. The decision of practice site choice is complex, and collaborative studies that include data from several schools with differently structured rural exposures, including those with rural clinical campuses, are needed.
Molecular phylogeny of the diverse parasitoid wasp genus Ophion Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae)
Authors: SCHWARZFELD MARLA D. , BROAD GAVIN R. , SPERLING FELIX A. H. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractOphion Fabricius is a diverse genus of nocturnal ichneumonid wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera) that is particularly species‐rich in temperate areas, yet has received little taxonomic attention in the Holarctic region, where most species occur. While there have been some attempts to divide Ophion into monophyletic species groups, the vast majority of species have been lumped into a single, paraphyletic group, the O. luteus species group, which is defined only by the lack of characters specific to the other groups. The challenging morphology of this large catch‐all group has limited attempts to subdivide it, and no phylogenetic hypothesis has been proposed for the genus as a whole. In this study, we use DNA sequence data [28S ribosomal RNA (28S), cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2)] to present the first molecular phylogeny of Ophion. We also describe the secondary structure of ITS2 for the first time in Ichneumonidae, and explore its implications for phylogeny estimation. We define 13 species groups, nine of which were previously considered part of the O. luteus species group s.l. The included species groups are the O. minutus, O. areolaris, O. scutellaris, O. flavidus, O. parvulus, O. slossonae, O. nigrovarius, O. pteridis, O. luteus s.s., and O. obscuratus species groups, along with three groups lacking described species (Species group 1, New Zealand group, Madagascar group). This study provides a framework for future studies of this diverse and morphologically challenging genus.
Self‐Reported Acute Health Effects and Exposure to Companion Animals
Authors: Krueger W. S. , Hilborn E. D. , Dufour A. P. , Sams E. A. , Wade T. J. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryTo understand the etiological burden of disease associated with acute health symptoms [e.g. gastrointestinal (GI), respiratory, dermatological], it is important to understand how common exposures influence these symptoms. Exposures to familiar and unfamiliar animals can result in a variety of health symptoms related to infection, irritation and allergy; however, few studies have examined this association in a large‐scale cohort setting. Cross‐sectional data collected from 50 507 participants in the United States enrolled from 2003 to 2009 were used to examine associations between animal contact and acute health symptoms during a 10–12 day period. Fixed‐effects multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confident intervals (CI) for associations between animal exposures and outcomes of GI illness, respiratory illness and skin/eye symptoms. Two‐thirds of the study population (63.2%) reported direct contact with animals, of which 7.7% had contact with at least one unfamiliar animal. Participants exposed to unfamiliar animals had significantly higher odds of self‐reporting all three acute health symptoms, when compared to non‐animal‐exposed participants (GI: AOR = 1.4, CI = 1.2–1.7; respiratory: AOR = 1.5, CI = 1.2–1.8; and skin/eye: AOR = 1.9, CI = 1.6–2.3), as well as when compared to participants who only had contact with familiar animals. Specific contact with dogs, cats or pet birds was also significantly associated with at least one acute health symptom; AORs ranged from 1.1 to 1.5, when compared to participants not exposed to each animal. These results indicate that contact with animals, especially unfamiliar animals, was significantly associated with GI, respiratory and skin/eye symptoms. Such associations could be attributable to zoonotic infections and allergic reactions. Etiological models for acute health symptoms should consider contact with companion animals, particularly exposure to unfamiliar animals. Prevention of pet‐associated zoonotic diseases includes commonsense measures such as hand‐washing, but are often overlooked by pet owners and non‐pet owners alike.
First Complete Genome Sequences of Two Keystone Viruses from Florida
Authors: Stockwell Timothy B. , Heberlein-Larson Lea A. , Tan Yi , Halpin Rebecca A. , Fedorova Nadia , Katzel Daniel A. , Smole Sandra , Unnasch Thomas R. , Kramer Laura D. , Das Suman R. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTWe report here the first complete sequences of two Keystone virus (KEYV) genomes isolated from Florida in 2005, which include the first two publicly available complete large (L) gene sequences. The sequences of the KEYV L segments show 75.99 to 83.86% nucleotide similarity with those of other viruses in the California (CAL) serogroup of bunyaviruses.
Design of the DRAGET Study: a multicentre controlled diagnostic study to assess the detection of acute rejection in patients with heart transplant by means of T2quantification with MRI in comparison to myocardial biopsies
Authors: Bonnemains Laurent , Cherifi Aboubaker , Girerd Nicolas , Odille Freddy , Felblinger Jacques 
Published: October 2015

IntroductionPatients with heart transplant are screened for silent graft rejection by recurrent endomyocardial biopsies. MRI can detect the presence of oedema non-invasively by quantitatively measuring changes of the transverse relaxation time T2in the myocardium. Several monocentric studies have shown that T2quantification could help detect graft rejection in a less invasive way. DRAGET is a national multicentre diagnostic study designed to prove that T2quantification by MRI can detect graft rejection.Methods and analysis190 patients from 10 centres will undergo T2quantification and endomyocardial biopsy, within 24 h, 4 to 6 times during the first year after transplantation. T2will be computed by analysing a sequence of 10 images obtained from a short-axis slice. Specific phantoms will be used to calibrate the T2quantification on each MR scanner to cope with the different equipment (different vendors, magnetic field strength, etc). Specific pads with known T2will also be used during each examination and provide a quality check to cope with the different experimental conditions (temperature, etc). All MRI and biopsy data will be reinterpreted in our centre and reproducibility will be assessed. The primary outcome will be sensitivity and specificity of MRI. The secondary outcomes will be (1) prognostic values of T2, (2) reproducibility of each techniques, (3) number of adverse events during each procedures and (4) confidence of the physicians in T2.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been obtained. The new MRI method will be disseminated at a national level and its practical usefulness will be assessed in centres not familiar with MRI T2quantification. The ultimate aim of the DRAGET project is to replace a strategy based solely on biopsy with one based on a first-line MRI (with biopsy only when needed) for a more efficient and less invasive detection of rejection.Trial registration numbersANSM 2014-A00848-39,NCT02261870.
Fathers’ intelligence measured at age 18–20 years is associated with offspring smoking: linking the Swedish 1969 conscription cohort to the Swedish Survey of Living Conditions
Authors: Sörberg Wallin Alma , Lundin Andreas , Melin Bo , Hemmingsson Tomas 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundAn association between lower IQ of parents, measured early in life, and smoking among their offspring has been reported. The extent to which other background factors account for this association is unknown.MethodsData on IQ, smoking, mental health, social class, parental divorce and social problems in a cohort of men born during 1949–1951 and conscripted for military service in 1969 were linked to smoking data on 682 offspring interviewed in the Swedish Surveys of Living Conditions 1984–2009.ResultsIn an age-adjusted model, a one-step decrease on a stanine scale was associated with an OR of 1.19 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.35) for offspring smoking. Adjusting for father's socioeconomic background and smoking, mental illness and social problems in youth only marginally lowered the OR's.ConclusionsLower IQ among fathers measured at ages 18–20 years was associated with smoking in their offspring. The association was not explained by father's social class in childhood or a higher prevalence of mental illness, social problems or smoking measured among the fathers in their late adolescence.
Onset of Maikop sedimentation and cessation of Eocene arc volcanism in the Talysh Mountains, Azerbaijan
Authors: van der Boon A. , Kuiper K. F. , Villa G. , Renema W. , Meijers M. J. M. , Langereis C. G. , Aliyeva E. , Krijgsman W. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The Maikop Series forms an important source rock in the former Paratethys. Deposition is often interpreted as anoxic, linked to restriction of the Paratethys. The Pirembel formation in the Talysh Mountains (Azerbaijan) is attributed to the Maikop Series and was deposited above the Eocene volcanic Peshtasar formation. Dating the onset of anoxia could help to distinguish glacio-eustatic from tectonic causes of restriction. We integrated magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy to date the onset of Pirembel sedimentation and used geochemistry to characterize the tectonic setting of the Peshtasar volcanic rocks. The onset of Maikop sedimentation in the Talysh was determined to be 37.7 Ma, ruling out a link with the major sea-level drop at the Eocene–Oligocene Transition (33.9 Ma) and favouring a tectonic cause. Extrapolating the average sedimentation rate (34 cm kyr) suggests that the entire Pirembel formation belongs to the Late Eocene. We hypothesize that the end of volcanism is important in the transition to Pirembel sedimentation. The palaeomagnetic and geochemistry results for the volcanic rocks cluster in three groups, suggesting three distinct episodes of volcanism. Volcanic sills within the Eocene Arkevan formation plot exactly on these groups, confirming the relationship between the Arkevan and Peshtasar formations. Volcanic rocks of the Talysh show continental-arc signatures and may be related to an Eocene volcanic belt extending towards southeastern Iran.

Supplementary material:
The full analytical data of the Ar–Ar dating are available at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18851