bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Thoracolumbar Injury in Traumatic Spinal Service; UMAE Hospital “Dr. Victorio de la Fuente Narvaez” during the Period 2004 to 2009
Authors: Casas Gustavo , Marquez García Edgar Abel , Tavizon Salazar Aaron 
Published: May 2015

Background The daily thoracolumbar fractures become more frequent and more severe because of the high urbanization and labor requirements is subject to the individual. Thoracolumbar spine injuries are of great importance for themselves, leaving a high morbidity, that is, residual functional disability leave despite its correction. Usually, a thoracolumbar injury, usually involving several segments, primarily affects the individual in the third and fourth decade of life, period of highest risk in the individual economically productive. Unfortunately, the prevalence of these lesions is subject to the presence of economic, cultural, demographic, without reports that reflect the reality etiology of these fractures thoracolumbar. Research Question: What are the characteristics and incidence of thoracolumbar fractures in UMAE Hospital Dr. Victorio de la Fuente Narváez during the period 2004 to 2009? Objective This study aims to identify the characteristics and incidence of thoracolumbar fractures in UMAE Hospital Dr. Victorio de la Fuente Narváez during the period 2004 to 2009. Methods We reviewed all the records and medical records of patients seen during the years 2004 to 2009 with a diagnosis of thoracolumbar fractures, which have been treated at the Hospital UMAE Dr. Victorio de la Fuente Narváez and have required hospitalization. Data will be collected in catch sheet specially designed for this protocol (Appendix 1) emptying the information later in the database in Excel to perform estimates, final graphics performance. Results A total of 1,102 patients in the period from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2009 which met the criteria of this research are the study sample. Of which, 754 (69%) were male and 345 (31%) were female. As the incidence is reported according to the copyright holder population aged 15 years, the unit per year was 1,361,122 in 2004; 1,841,004 in 2005; 1,871,122 in 2006; 1,989,014 in 2007; 2,345,379 in 2008; and 2,375,893 in 2009. Its average incidence was 8.71 per 100,000 population most affected segment was lumbar 712: 345 followed by thoracic, thoracolumbar 38, and 7 mixed. The most common levels were L1 397, L2 215, T12 63, L3 95, L4 76, T11 48, and T5 40. The most frequent type according to AO classification were: In 618 cases, 255 cases B, C 194 cases, and firearm injuries (PAF) 28 cases. Mixed (A + B, A + C, and B + C) seven cases. The most common subtype according to the AO classification was B1.2 (128), followed by A3.1 (108), the neurological condition are presented in this series, with complete neurological injury Frankel A 184, with partial neurological injury Frankel B 13, C 26 Frankel, Frankel D 43; and neurlogica unaffected Frankel E 834.
Posterior Traumatic Atlantoaxial Subluxation: A Case Report
Authors: Cahueque Mario 
Published: May 2015

Introduction Injuries to the cervical spine are often described as neurologically catastrophic events with a very low survival rate. Lesions of the C3–C7 segment are the most common (∼ 80%) followed by the segment C1–C2 (20%). Injuries to the cervical spine are of great importance, both for its severity as well as the neurological implications they entail. The delay in diagnosis and treatment has been reported as a negative prognostic factor associated with poor outcome. Cases of atlantoaxial dislocations have been reported without neurological deficit at presentation and in long-term follow-up so these injuries could be unnoticed at the emergency department. When neurological damage is not evident at presentation symptoms are generally unspecific, such as, suboccipital pain when axial cranial pressure is applied movement, or at passive rotation the patient spontaneously assumes a stiff neck, contracting sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. Materials and Methods A 28-year-old male patient without relevant medical history was a victim of physical assault on August 15, 2012, suffering cranial and cervical trauma, and was discharged, he showed no neurological symptoms then. Six weeks after discharge, he began with paresthesias of thoracic limbs and subsequently with diminished muscle strength, which was gradually decreasing. Imaging demonstrated atlantoaxial subluxation. Posterior instrumentation with transfacetary lag screws at C1/C2 was performed. Results One year after surgery, the patient presents without neurological deficit, absence of stiff neck and denies pain when mobilization of the neck or axial compression is applied. Fusion was achieved with no further complications. Conclusion The diagnosis of traumatic subluxation should be suspected in the presence of torticollis and neck pain associated with cervical trauma. However, atlantoaxial dislocation can occur in the absence of any clinical signs so it should be systematically considered as a diagnosis an should be excluded in any polytraumatized. We suggest that simple radiographic measurements (ADI and Powers Index). When the instability of the C1/C2 joint is diagnosed, early reduction, and fusion is recommended as the definitive treatment.
Response of Bighead Carp and Silver Carp to Repeated Water Gun Operation in an Enclosed Shallow Pond
Authors: Romine Jason G. , Jensen Nathan R. , Parsley Michael J. , Gaugush Robert F. , Severson Todd J. , Hatton Tyson W. , Adams Ryan F. , Gaikowski Mark P. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Silver Carp H. molitrix are nonnative species that pose a threat to Great Lakes ecosystems should they advance into those areas. Thus, technologies to impede Asian carp movement into the Great Lakes are needed; one potential technology is the seismic water gun. We evaluated the efficacy of a water gun array as a behavioral deterrent to the movement of acoustic-tagged Bighead Carp and Silver Carp in an experimental pond. Behavioral responses were evaluated by using four metrics: (1) fish distance from the water guns (D); (2) spatial area of the fish's utilization distribution (UD); (3) persistence velocity (Vp); and (4) number of times a fish transited the water gun array. For both species, average D increased by 10 m during the firing period relative to the pre-firing period. During the firing period, the spatial area of use within the pond decreased. Carp were located throughout the pond during the pre-firing period but were concentrated in the north end of the pond during the firing period, thus reducing their UDs by roughly 50%. Overall, Vp decreased during the firing period relative to the pre-firing period, as fish movement became more tortuous and confined, suggesting that the firing of the guns elicited a change in carp behavior. The water gun array was partially successful at impeding carp movement, but some fish did transit the array. Bighead Carp moved past the guns a total of 78 times during the pre-firing period and 15 times during the firing period; Silver Carp moved past the guns 96 times during the pre-firing period and 13 times during the firing period. Although the water guns did alter carp behavior, causing the fish to move away from the guns, this method was not 100% effective as a passage deterrent.
Received August 6, 2014; accepted January 16, 2015
Predation by American White Pelicans on Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout in the Blackfoot River Drainage, Idaho
Authors: Teuscher David M. , Green Matthew T. , Schill Daniel J. , Brimmer Arnold F. , Hillyard Ryan W. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Expansion of the American white pelican Pelicanus erythrorhynchos colony on Blackfoot Reservoir, Idaho, and the associated declines in adfluvial Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri in the upper Blackfoot River drainage has generated concern about the impact of pelican predation on this native trout stock. During a 4-year study, 4,653 wild Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout were tagged using a combination of radiotelemetry and PIT tags. Annual predation rate estimates were made by recovering Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout tags from the nesting islands of American white pelicans. On-island tag recovery rates were corrected for ingested tags that went undetected during island searches and for tags that were deposited away from the nesting islands. American white pelicans consumed tagged Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout ranging from 150 mm to 580 mm TL and showed no size selection within that range for their prey. Predation rates on adult and juvenile Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout generally exceeded 20%, and the highest values were above 60%. Our independent methods (telemetry and PIT tagging) for estimating pelican predation on adult Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout produced similar results. Annual river flow conditions varied markedly and may have contributed to some of the observed range in predation rate estimates. Predation by the pelican colony appears to be a likely contributor to the recent collapse of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout in the upper Blackfoot River drainage. In the past, overexploitation by anglers severely reduced the trout population and was remedied by implementing catch-and-release regulations. The current predation impact poses a greater management challenge, namely, finding a balanced approach for conserving both the native trout stock and the pelican colony.
Received April 29, 2014; accepted February 5, 2015
An Evaluation of the Efficiency of Minnow Traps for Estimating the Abundance of Minnows in Desert Spring Systems
Authors: Peterson James T. , Scheerer Paul D. , Clements Shaun 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Desert springs are sensitive aquatic ecosystems that pose unique challenges to natural resource managers and researchers. Among the most important of these is the need to accurately quantify population parameters for resident fish, particularly when the species are of special conservation concern. We evaluated the efficiency of baited minnow traps for estimating the abundance of two at-risk species, Foskett Speckled Dace Rhinichthys osculus ssp. and Borax Lake Chub Gila boraxobius, in desert spring systems in southeastern Oregon. We evaluated alternative sample designs using simulation and found that capture–recapture designs with four capture occasions would maximize the accuracy of estimates and minimize fish handling. We implemented the design and estimated capture and recapture probabilities using the Huggins closed-capture estimator. Trap capture probabilities averaged 23% and 26% for Foskett Speckled Dace and Borax Lake Chub, respectively, but differed substantially among sample locations, through time, and nonlinearly with fish body size. Recapture probabilities for Foskett Speckled Dace were, on average, 1.6 times greater than (first) capture probabilities, suggesting “trap-happy” behavior. Comparison of population estimates from the Huggins model with the commonly used Lincoln–Petersen estimator indicated that the latter underestimated Foskett Speckled Dace and Borax Lake Chub population size by 48% and by 20%, respectively. These biases were due to variability in capture and recapture probabilities. Simulation of fish monitoring that included the range of capture and recapture probabilities observed indicated that variability in capture and recapture probabilities in time negatively affected the ability to detect annual decreases by up to 20% in fish population size. Failure to account for variability in capture and recapture probabilities can lead to poor quality data and study inferences. Therefore, we recommend that fishery researchers and managers employ sample designs and estimators that can account for this variability.
Received September 29, 2014; accepted January 29, 2015
Trends in use of genotypic resistance testing and frequency of major drug resistance among antiretroviral-naive persons in the HIV Outpatient Study, 1999–2011
Authors: Buchacz Kate , Young Benjamin , Palella Frank J. , Armon Carl , Brooks John T. ,   on behalf of the HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) investigators, Buchacz Kate , Brooks John T. , Durham Marcus D. , Hays Harlen , Wood Kathleen C. , Hankerson Darlene , Hart Rachel , Subramanian Thilakavathy , Armon Carl , Dean Bonnie , Franklin Dana , Palella Frank J. , Chmiel Joan S. , Jahangir Saira , Flaherty Conor Daniel , Dixon-Evans Jerian Denise , Lichtenstein Kenneth A. , Stewart Cheryl , Hammer John , Greenberg Kenneth S. , Widick Barbara , Franklin Rosa , Yangco Bienvenido G. , Chagaris Kalliope , Ward Doug , Fuhrer Jack , Ording-Bauer Linda , Kelly Rita , Esteves Jane , Tedaldi Ellen M. , Christian Ramona A. , Ruley Faye , Beadle Dania , Graham Princess , Novak Richard M. , Wendrow Andrea , Smith Renata , Young Benjamin , Widick Barbara , Scott Mia 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundMonitoring antiretroviral drug resistance can inform treatment recommendations; however, there are few such data from US patients before they initiate ART.MethodsWe analysed data from HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) participants from nine US HIV clinics who were diagnosed with HIV infection during 1999–2011. Using the IAS-USA December 2010 guidelines, we assessed the frequency of major drug resistance mutations (mDRMs) related to antiretroviral agents in viral isolates from patients who underwent commercial genotypic testing (GT) for resistance before initiating ART. We employed general linear regression models to assess factors associated with having undergone GT, and then factors associated with having mDRM.ResultsAmong 1531 eligible patients, 758 (49.5%) underwent GT before first ART, increasing from 15.5% in 1999–2002 to 75.9% in 2009–11 (P &lt; 0.001). GT was carried out a median of 1.2 months after the diagnosis of HIV. In adjusted regression analyses, patients with pre-ART CD4+ T lymphocyte counts ≥200 cells/mm3 or with HIV RNA levels &gt;5.0 log10 copies/mL and those with a first HOPS visit in 2006 or later were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) more likely to have undergone GT. Of the 758 patients, 114 (15.0%) had mDRMs; mutations relating to NRTIs, NNRTIs and PIs were present in 8.0%, 7.1% and 2.6%, respectively. There was no temporal change in the frequency of mDRM, and mDRMs were associated with an HIV RNA level &lt;4.0 log10 copies/mL.ConclusionsDuring 1999–2011, GT use among antiretroviral-naive patients became more common, but a quarter of patients in recent years remained untested. The frequency of mDRMs remained stable over time at about 15%.
Effects of shared vision and integrations on entrepreneurial performance
Authors: Chi-hsiang Chen 
Published: May 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to examine the possible benefits and effects of shared vision and integration on entrepreneurial management for new Chinese ventures. By examining new enterprises, rather than already established and operating firms, this study can better demonstrate the impact of shared vision and internal or external integration on entrepreneurial performance. The empirical analyses demonstrate the importance of shared vision and both types of integration for new ventures, particularly enterprises in China.Design/methodology/approach– This study collected data from firms in Greater China, including China, Taiwan and Hong Kong. Five hypotheses were tested, for which the total sample size was 246 respondents. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were applied for statistical analyses.Findings– The results indicate that entrepreneurial vision correlates positively with shared vision. In its turn, shared vision correlates positively with internal integration and external integration. Furthermore, internal integration correlates positively with entrepreneurial performance. Although external integration is essential during new enterprise establishment, analytical results indicate that external integration is not strongly correlated with entrepreneurial performance.Practical implications– Shared vision plays a critical role in the integration process during the establishment of new enterprises. The results of this study show that newly established firms need to put more efforts than do operating firms into integrating external resources.Originality– /valueThis study contributes to a better understanding of the effects of shared vision and the different kinds of integration on entrepreneurial management. Knowing the driving forces behind these phenomena may help new firms to engage more actively in resources integration and enhance their entrepreneurial performance.
The effects of entrepreneurs’ socioeconomic status and political characteristics on new ventures’ establishment of formal political ties in China
Authors: Mai Yiyuan , Xiong Chan , He Xiaobin 
Published: May 2015

Purpose– This study aims to examine, by drawing upon resource dependence theory and upper echelon theory, how entrepreneurs’ socioeconomic statuses and political characteristics influence the establishment of formal political ties by new ventures, and how these relationships are moderated by new ventures’ degrees of innovation and internationalization.Design/methodology/approach– An empirical research approach is used in this paper. This is because this model evaluates the interaction effects between the socioeconomic statuses and political characteristics of entrepreneurs and the market strategies of their new ventures. Moderated multiple regression models were used to test our hypotheses with data from 2,297 new ventures in China.Findings– Using a questionnaire survey about new ventures in China, it was found that entrepreneurs’ socioeconomic statuses and political characteristics are positively related to the establishment of formal political ties by new ventures. It was also found that this positive relationship is stronger when new ventures have a higher degree of internationalization, while the relationship between the socioeconomic statuses of entrepreneurs’ and the establishment of formal political ties by new ventures is weaker when new ventures have a higher degree of innovation.Research limitations/implications– This research provides a deeper insight into the personal roles that are played in the establishment of formal political ties and it advances the research into new ventures’ competitive strategies.Practical implications– This study reveals the situations in which formal political ties are connected with new-venture advantages in China, and it will help entrepreneurs establish and use formal political ties strategically to correspond with the different strategies of new ventures.Originality/value– This research distinguishes the effects of two types of personal status on the establishment of formal political ties by new ventures, and it contributes to an understanding of the situations under which entrepreneurs should establish formal political ties. The findings will also be helpful for entrepreneurs who are choosing how to combine their market and non-market strategies.
P-TRANSQUAL: a service quality model of public land transport services
Authors: Bakti I Gede Mahatma Yuda , Sumaedi Sik 
Published: May 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to test a model of service quality of public land transport services, especially paratransit services.Design/methodology/approach– This study used quantitative approach. Data were collected through a survey method using questionnaire. The respondents of the study are 880 passengers of paratransit services in Indonesia. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed in order to identify the dimensions of service quality and test the convergent and discriminant validity of the dimensions. Cronbach’sαanalysis was carried out to test the reliability of the dimensions. In addition, criterion-based validity and the stability of the service quality model were also tested.Findings– A model of service quality of public land transport, namely P-TRANSQUAL, was tested. P-TRANSQUAL consists of four dimensions, which are comfort, tangible, personnel, and reliability. The model has been proven to have good validity, reliability, and stability for measuring service quality of paratransit services in Indonesia.Research limitations/implications– This research was carried out in a single developing country, namely Indonesia. Hence, the stability of the model needs to be tested in different cultures.Practical implications– Public transport managers can use P-TRANSQUAL to monitor, measure, and improve the service quality of the public transport they manage.Originality/value– This paper has tested a new model of service quality for public transport services, especially paratransit services.
The true motives behind the adoption of QLASSIC-CIS 7: 2006
Authors: Kam Kenn Jhun , Abdul Hamid Ahmad Hilmy 
Published: May 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate contractors’ awareness level and adoption of QLASSIC assessment system in construction industry and to identify the variables that influenced the adoption of QLASSIC assessment system.

Design/methodology/approach
– Quantitative research method was adopted in order to test the above issues. The questionnaire composed for two parts: awareness and adoption of QLASSIC system; and the factors that influenced the adoption of QLASSIC system. Those contractors who registered under grade 6 and 7 are the scope of respondents in this study.

Findings
– The adoption of QLASSIC assessment is not significantly affected by the awareness whereas the motivations and barrier factors do. It was discovered that the contractors perception on QLASSIC adoption are basically due to the significant factors; the internal motivations and barrier. The major influencing factors are internal motivation factors, external motivation factors and barrier factors.

Originality/value
– This study reveals the true motives behind the adoption of QLASSIC assessment in the construction industry, where this finding significantly contributes to the understanding of contractors’ perception on this quality assurance program for the construction industry.