bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acoustic Analysis of the Swallowing Sounds of Food with Different Physical Properties Using the Cervical Auscultation Method
Authors: Taniwaki Mitsuru , Gao Zhihong , Nishinari Katsuyoshi , Kohyama Kaoru 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe cervical auscultation method was applied to investigate sounds generated while swallowing various foods with different consistencies, including water, yogurt, and konjac jelly. Dynamic viscoelasticity, viscosity, and compression or penetration force of yogurt and konjac jelly were measured. The yogurt was fractured by the tongue while swallowing, whereas konjac jelly was not. Significant differences were detected in the durations of the swallowing sound component, generated by food bolus flow through the pharynx. The root mean square amplitude of the component that was attributed to the water flow was significantly higher than that for the flow of other food samples. No significant differences were detected in the duration of sound components appearing before and after the bolus flow or in the total duration among the food samples. Scattered or heterogeneous food bolus flow appeared to significantly reflect the duration of swallowing sounds, generated by the food flow.Practical ApplicationsNursing‐care foods are in much demand in the expanding elderly society. Ease in swallowing is an important factor for such foods and it is strongly correlated to food texture. Our results indicated significant differences in the duration and amplitude of swallowing sounds, generated by food bolus flow through the pharynx. Because the swallowing sounds depend on the food texture, monitoring such sounds can aid in designing and evaluating the foods to ease swallowing. The method used in this study is noninvasive and cost effective and is therefore practical for use in the food industry. The dependence of the swallowing sounds on human subjects can be analyzed if the data from a greater number of subjects are gathered.
The Dependence of Peleg's Coefficients on Selected Conditions of a Relaxation Test in Model Samples of Edam Cheese
Authors: Buňka František , Pachlová Vendula , Pernická Lenka , Burešová Iva , Kráčmar Stanislav , Lošák Tomáš 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe first aim of this work was to compare the influence of using two probes (a 100‐mm plate and a 5‐mm spherical probe) during a compression test on the trends of hardness changes during ripening of Edam cheese. Both of the above‐mentioned probes were also applied in relaxation tests for a relaxation time of 30–300 s (10 arbitrary times were used). By means of Peleg's model, the values of a parameter (the extent of material relaxation) and b parameter (the initial rate at which the stress relaxes) were calculated. Moreover, the values of a and b parameters, obtained during 10 different relaxation times of the probe after reaching the maximum deformation of the sample (30–300 s), were compared (calculated on the basis of Peleg's model). Edam cheese during ripening (1–84 days) was used as a model product. The values of cheese hardness within the ripening period (determined by means of both of the above‐mentioned probes) strongly correlated among themselves and also with the sensorially evaluated rigidity. Only a parameter was able to provide an adequate description of the actual changes in cheese within the ripening period but only at a relaxation time of ≤120 s (after reaching the maximum deformation of the sample; valid for both probes tested). Longer relaxation times do not provide a relevant description of the changes in cheese texture during ripening. B parameter provided no relevant description of the changes in cheese during ripening in any of the relaxation times studied (concerning both probes).Practical ApplicationThe study compares the influence of the probes used (a 100‐mm plate and a 5‐mm spherical probe) on the ability to describe changes of selected texture parameters during the ripening period of Edam cheese by using simple compression and relaxation tests. Both types of probes proved to be successful in observing the actual changes in cheese texture during ripening by means of hardness parameter (determined by a simple compression test). Moreover, the information capability of both parameters of Peleg's model (a and b), applied to the data obtained from the relaxation tests with a relaxation time of 30–300 s (after reaching the maximum deformation), was studied. It was observed that only a parameter is suitable for assessing the changes within the ripening period of cheese, which holds true only for a relaxation time of ≤120 s (after reaching the maximum deformation; valid for both probes observed). Longer relaxation times do not provide a good correlation with sensorially evaluated changes in texture parameters. The users are given by instructions on how to perform relaxation tests and, above all, on how to choose the times after reaching the maximum deformation of a cheese sample.
Dynamic Viscoelastic Behavior of Vegetable‐Based Infant Purees
Authors: Alvarez María Dolores , Canet Wenceslao 
Published: January 2013

AbstractViscoelastic properties of four vegetable‐based infant purees were evaluated in temperature range of 5–80C. Samples behaved like weak gels, with the exception of rice and chicken puree at 35, 50 and 65C, which behaved like a macromolecular solution. At 5–65C, storage modulus (G′) and storage loss (G″) could be well described by a power function of the frequency (R2 > 0.92), and the dependency of their parameters with temperature was modeled by Arrhenius's model and quadratic functions. Approach named “weak gel model” was also applied to the baby foods, and both G′ and G″ values decreased with an increase in temperature between 5 and 50C. Master curves were obtained applying time‐temperature superposition principle, and horizontal shift factor was sensitive to choice of viscoelastic property being selected for shifting procedure. At 5–50C, infant purees behaved like thermoreologically complex materials. Rheological measurements were well supported by particle size distributions.Practical ApplicationsComposition of baby foods is being continually modified and adapted with the aim of producing healthier foods. However, there are no recent rheological studies of vegetable and fruit puree‐based baby foods. A comprehensive study on viscoelastic behavior of four current commercial types of Spanish vegetable‐based infant purees was carried out. The effect of a wide range of temperatures, which are encountered during processing and storage of baby foods, on rheological properties was documented. Based on frequency sweep data, the dynamic rheological behavior of these products ranged from that of a concentrated biopolymer solution to a “weak gel.” Controlling temperature, moisture content and particle size distribution may be employed to optimize applicability, stability and sensory of baby foods. Results provide a useful fingerprint of rheological behavior of these products. Generated data and findings can be extrapolated to other infant systems for developing new products for convenience to newborn consumers and manufacturers.
Newly identified “Tunnunik” impact structure, Prince Albert Peninsula, northwestern Victoria Island, Arctic Canada
Authors: DEWING Keith , PRATT Brian R. , HADLARI Thomas , BRENT Tom , BÉDARD Jean , RAINBIRD Robert H. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractRegional geological mapping of the glaciated surface of northwestern Victoria Island in the western Canadian Arctic revealed an anomalous structure in otherwise flat‐lying Neoproterozoic and lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks, located south of Richard Collinson Inlet. The feature is roughly circular in plan view, approximately 25 km in diameter, and characterized by quaquaversal dips of approximately 45°, decreasing laterally. The core of the feature also exhibits local vertical dips, low‐angle reverse faults, and drag folds. Although brecciation was not observed, shatter cones are pervasive in all lithologies in the central area, including 723 Ma old dikes that penetrate Neoproterozoic limestones. Their abundance decreases distally, and none was observed in surrounding, horizontally bedded strata. This circular structure is interpreted as a deeply eroded meteorite impact crater of the complex type, and the dipping strata as the remnants of the central uplift. The variation in orientation and shape of shatter cones point to variably oriented stresses with the passage of the shock wave, possibly related to the presence of pore water in the target strata as well as rock type and lithological heterogeneities, especially bed thickness. Timing of impact is poorly constrained. The youngest rocks affected are Late Ordovician (approximately 450 Ma) and the impact structure is mantled by undisturbed postglacial sediments. Regional, hydrothermal dolomitization of the Ordovician limestones, possibly in the Late Devonian (approximately 360 Ma), took place before the impact, and widespread WSW–ENE‐trending normal faults of probable Early Cretaceous age (approximately 130 Ma) apparently cross‐cut the impact structure.
New lunar meteorite Northwest Africa 2996: A window into farside lithologies and petrogenesis
Authors: Mercer Celestine N. , Treiman Allan H. , Joy Katherine H. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe Northwest Africa (NWA) 2996 meteorite is a lunar regolith breccia with a “mingled” bulk composition and slightly elevated incompatible element content. NWA 2996 is dominated by clasts of coarse‐grained noritic and troctolitic anorthosite containing calcic plagioclase (An#~98) and magnesian mafic minerals (Mg#~75), distinguishing it from Apollo ferroan anorthosites and magnesian‐suite rocks. This meteorite lacks basalt, and owes its mingled composition to a significant proportion of coarse‐grained mafic clasts. One group of mafic clasts has pyroxenes similar to anorthosites, but contains more sodic plagioclase (An#~94) distinguishing it as a separate lithology. Another group contains Mg‐rich, very low‐titanium pyroxenes, and could represent an intrusion parental to regional basalts. Other clasts include granophyric K‐feldspar, disaggregated phosphate‐bearing quartz monzodiorites, and alkali‐suite fragments (An#~65). These evolved lithics are a minor component, but contain minerals rich in incompatible elements. Several anorthosite clasts contain clusters of apatite, suggesting that the anorthosites either assimilated evolved rocks or were metasomatized by a liquid rich in incompatible elements. We used Lunar Prospector gamma‐ray spectrometer remote sensing data to show that NWA 2996 is most similar to regoliths in and around the South Pole Aitken (SPA) basin, peripheral regions of eastern mare, Nectaris, Crisium, and southern areas of Mare Humorum. However, the mineralogy of NWA 2996 is distinctive compared with Apollo and Luna mission samples, and is likely consistent with an origin near the SPA basin: anorthosite clasts could represent local crustal material, mafic clasts could represent intrusions beneath basalt flows, and apatite‐bearing rocks could carry the SPA KREEP signature.
Keeping (Direct) Reference in Mind
Authors: Edwards Kevan 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis paper explores the psychological analogues of a cluster of arguments that have played an important role in motivating a now widespread, reference‐based approach in philosophy of language. What I will call thepsychological analogues of Kripke‐style argumentsprovide a substantial motivation for a reference‐based approach to concepts. Insofar as such an approach is rarely given serious consideration, the availability of these arguments suggests the need for a rethinking of some foundational assumptions in philosophy of mind and other branches of the cognitive sciences.
Boron neutron capture therapy for oral precancer: proof of principle in an experimental animal model
Authors: Hughes A Monti , Pozzi ECC , Thorp S , Garabalino MA , Farías RO , González SJ , Heber EM , Itoiz ME , Aromando RF , Molinari AJ , Miller M , Nigg DW , Curotto P , Trivillin VA , Schwint AE 
Published: January 2013

ObjectivesField‐cancerized tissue can give rise to second primary tumours, causing therapeutic failure. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on biological targeting and would serve to treat undetectable foci of malignant transformation. The aim of this study was to optimize BNCT for the integral treatment for oral cancer, with particular emphasis on the inhibitory effect on tumour development originating in precancerous conditions, and radiotoxicity of different BNCT protocols in a hamster cheek pouch oral precancer model.Materials and MethodsGroups of cancerized hamsters were locally exposed to single or double (2 or 4 weeks apart) applications of BNCT at different dose levels, mediated by the boron compounds boronophenylalanine (BPA) or BPA and decahydrodecaborate (GB‐10) administered jointly. Cancerized, sham‐irradiated hamsters served as controls. Clinical status, tumour development from field‐cancerized tissue and mucositis were followed for 8 months.ResultsA double application (4 weeks apart) of BNCT mediated by GB‐10+ BPA at a total dose of 10 Gy in two 5‐Gy doses rendered the best therapeutic advantage (63–100% inhibition of tumour development from field‐cancerized tissue), minimizing dose‐limiting mucositis.ConclusionBNCT can be optimized for the integral treatment for head and neck cancer, considering the implications for field‐cancerized tissue.
Face‐specificity is robust across diverse stimuli and individual people, even when interstimulus variance is zero
Authors: Schendan Haline E. , Ganis Giorgio 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe N170 is a brain electrical potential proposed to index the earliest time of categorical perception of faces in occipitotemporal visual areas implicated in face cognition, being more negative for faces than nonface objects between 120 and 200 ms. The interstimulus variance (ISV) account instead explained N170 face‐specificity as an artifact due to objects varying more visually than faces. Ganis, Smith, and Schendan (2012) tested this account directly, finding that N170 face‐specificity remains even when ISV is eliminated. Here, N170 peak amplitude and face‐specificity is quantified for individual stimuli and participants, revealing that the right hemisphere N170 is especially sensitive to stimulus variability. Further, ISV contributes 0 to 37% to N170 face‐specificity. These findings provide evidence for optimizing face processing science. The paradigm can apply to any research in which ISV may be uncontrolled (e.g., category comparisons).
Blunted cardiac stress reactivity relates to neural hypoactivation
Authors: Ginty Annie T. , Gianaros Peter J. , Derbyshire Stuart W. G. , Phillips Anna C. , Carroll Douglas 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe present study compared neural activity in participants with blunted (N = 9) or exaggerated (N = 8) cardiac stress reactions. Neural activity was recorded with fMRI while participants performed a validated stress task and control task. Exaggerated reactors exhibited significant increases in heart rate from control to stress task, whereas blunted reactors had no change in heart rate. Blunted reactors also had reduced activation in the anterior midcingulate cortex and insula compared to exaggerated reactors during the stress condition, and a greater deactivation in the amygdala and posterior cingulate. The biological differences between groups in response to the stress task could not be explained by subjective measures of engagement, stressfulness, or difficulty. This study supports the notion that blunted peripheral physiological stress reactivity may be a marker of a corresponding under‐recruitment of brain systems during behavioral states requiring motivated action.
Does arousal per se account for the influence of appetitive stimuli on attentional scope and the late positive potential?
Authors: Gable Philip A. , Harmon‐Jones Eddie 
Published: January 2013

AbstractPast research suggests that high approach‐motivated positive affects narrow attentional scope and cause greater late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes. However, because arousal is related to motivational intensity, arousal may be responsible for these past findings. The present research investigated whether arousal, manipulated independently of affect using physical exercise, would influence attentional and LPP responses to stimuli. Results revealed that appetitive (vs. neutral) pictures evoked larger LPPs over central and left frontal regions, and caused more attentional narrowing. Individual differences in approach motivation predicted more attentional narrowing following appetitive stimuli. However, manipulated arousal did not influence attentional scope or LPPs to neutral or appetitive stimuli. Results suggest that attentional narrowing and LPPs to appetitive stimuli are related to approach motivation rather than enhanced general arousal.
Genome Sequences of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form, CRF55_01B, Identified in China
Authors: Han Xiaoxu , An Minghui , Zhang Weiqing , Cai Weiping , Chen Xi , Takebe Yutaka , Shang Hong 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT

We report here a novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF55_01B) composed of CRF01_AE and subtype B, with four recombination breakpoints in the
pol
gene. CRF55_01B was identified from three epidemiologically unlinked men having sex with men (MSM) in China, suggesting the ongoing generation of recombinants involving CRF01_AE and subtype B lineages among MSM in China.
Complete Genome Sequence of the First Aichi Virus Isolated in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Jenn-Tzong , Chen Yao-Shen , Chen Bao-Chen , Chao David , Chang Tsung-Hsien 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT
The first Aichi virus (AiV), kvgh99012632/2010, was identified in Taiwan. The entire genome of the AiV isolate was sequenced and compared to known AiV sequences. Genome alignment revealed that the Taiwan AiV strain shares 96.3% nucleotide and 99% amino acid identities with the German strain D/VI2287/2004.
High performance teamwork training and systems redesign in outpatient oncology
Authors: Bunnell Craig A , Gross Anne H , Weingart Saul N , Kalfin Michael Jason , Partridge Ann , Lane Sharon , Burstein Harold J , Fine Barbara , Hilton Nancy A , Sullivan Clare , Hagemeister Erin E , Kelly Anne E , Colicchio Lynn , Szabatura Audrea H , Winer Eric P , Salisbury Mary , Mann Susan 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundOncology care is delivered largely in ambulatory settings by interdisciplinary teams. Treatments are often complex, extended in time, dispersed geographically and vulnerable to teamwork failures. To address this risk, we developed and piloted a team training initiative in the breast cancer programme at a comprehensive cancer centre.MethodsBased on clinic observations, interviews with key staff and analyses of incident reports, we developed interventions to address four high-risk areas: (1) miscommunication of chemotherapy order changes on the day of treatment; (2) missing orders on treatment days without concurrent physician appointments; (3) poor follow-up with team members about active patient issues; and (4) conflict between providers and staff. The project team developed protocols and agreements to address team members’ roles, responsibilities and behaviours.ResultsUsing a train-the-trainer model, 92% of breast cancer staff completed training. The incidence of missing orders for unlinked visits decreased from 30% to 2% (p<0.001). Patient satisfaction scores regarding coordination of care improved from 93 to 97 (p=0.026). Providers, infusion nurses and support staff reported improvement in efficiency (75%, 86%, 90%), quality (82%, 93%, 93%) and safety (92%, 92%, 90%) of care, and more respectful behaviour (92%, 79%, 83%) and improved relationships among team members (91%, 85%, 92%). Although most clinicians reported a decrease in non-communicated changes, there was insufficient statistical power to detect a difference.ConclusionsTeam training improved communication, task coordination and perceptions of efficiency, quality, safety and interactions among team members as well as patient perception of care coordination.
Tools to assess Evidence-Based Practice behaviour among healthcare professionals
Authors: Oude Rengerink Katrien , Zwolsman Sandra E , Ubbink Dirk T , Mol Ben W J , van Dijk Nynke , Vermeulen Hester 
Published: January 2013

ObjectiveTo identify and compare tools to assess Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) behaviour among healthcare professionals.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsychInfo and CINAHL up to July 2011.Study selectionTitles, abstracts and eligible full text articles were screened by two reviewers independently.Data extractionRelevant data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: original studies among all healthcare professionals that described the development or use of EBP behaviour assessment tools.ResultsOf 19 310 identified articles, 172 studies were included. We identified 117 questionnaires, 10 interviews or focus groups, nine observational studies, 27 chart evaluations and nine studies used a combination of methods. Psychometric properties of the questionnaires used were reported in about half of the studies, in seven studies that assess a single EBM step and in six studies that assess a combination of EBM steps. One of these assessed all five steps of EBP.ConclusionsValid and reliable EBP behaviour assessment tools are available. However, only one questionnaire validly assessed all five EBP steps, covering the entire concept of EBP.
40
Ar/
39
Ar ages of impacts involving ordinary chondrite meteorites
Authors: Swindle Timothy D. , Kring D. A. , Weirich J. R. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Impact ages have now been determined for
c.
100 ordinary chondrites, providing information about impacts in the asteroid belt throughout the history of the Solar System. Most notably, there is evidence for (a) impact events in the first 100 Ma of Solar System history, during the accretion of material; (b) an increase in impact ages produced between 3500 and 4100 Ma, presumably related to the suspected ‘lunar cataclysm’; (c) many L chondrites being degassed during the disruption of their parent body slightly less than 500 Ma ago; and (d) at least one younger event in the H chondrites. There are no
40
Ar/
39
Ar ages that clearly match the cosmic ray exposure ages of any meteorites, which means that the collisions that liberated the fragments we now have as meteorites did not produce time–temperature histories capable of degassing radiogenic
40
Ar. Since there is no way to know
a priori
whether an ordinary chondrite impact melt is the result of a recent or ancient event, much of the progress will continue to come from reconnaissance studies of shocked ordinary chondrites.