bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Framing responses to post‐earthquake Haiti
Authors: Bornstein Lisa , Lizarralde Gonzalo , Gould Kevin A. , Davidson Colin 
Published: February 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to add a new dimension to urban resilience by exploring how representations of disasters, reconstruction and human settlements are made, and how, by shaping plans and programs, they ultimately influence resilience.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on James Scott's notion of “legibility” to ask how different representations simplify complex realities and how they are transformed into plans and programs. The paper first outlines the various broad analytic lens used to examine legibility to portray post‐disaster reconstruction, drawing on international literature and policies. The paper then focuses on post‐earthquake Haiti and analyzes eight reconstruction plans and reviews design proposals submitted for the Building Back Better Communities program to explore how different stakeholders portrayed the disaster, identified the reconstruction challenges and proposed to address human settlements.FindingsRepresentations of the disaster, the reconstruction challenge and the housing problem were quite varied. While the plans assumed a very broad view of the reconstruction challenge (one that goes beyond the representations found in the literature), the BBBC program adopted a very narrow view of it (one that the literature condemns for failing to achieve sustainable resilience).Research limitations/implicationsThe empirical research is exploratory, suggesting an approach that throws a new light on the analysis of plans and programs for improved resilience.Practical implicationsThe study suggests that the representations that decision makers, institutions and organizations make of the world ultimately establish the framework in which resilience is constructed.Originality/valueThe lens of legibility confirms that the expression of different representations makes the world legible in different ways and therefore transforms the way in which resilience can be improved.
Biogeographic anomalies in the species richness of Chilean forests: Incorporating evolution into a climatic – historic scenario
Authors: Segovia Ricardo A. , Hinojosa Luis F. , Pérez María F. , Hawkins Bradford A. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBroad‐scale richness gradients are closely associated with temperature and water availability. However, historical and evolutionary processes have also contributed to shape current diversity patterns. In this paper we focus on the potential influences of Pleistocene glaciation and phylogenetic niche conservatism (the tendency for traits to be maintained during diversification) on the tree diversity gradient in Chile, and we quantify its primary climatic correlates. Tree species richness is greatest at mid latitudes, particularly in the Andes and Coastal ranges, and decreases abruptly to the south and north. Regression tree analysis identified annual precipitation and annual temperature as the primary probable drivers of this gradient. Ice cover during the Last Glacial Maximum was also identified as an ‘important’ variable, but the contemporary and historical predictors are strongly collinear. Geographically weighted regression indicated that the relationships between richness and environmental variables vary regionally: the relationship between tree richness and precipitation is stronger in north‐central Chile, whereas tree richness and temperature are most strongly associated in south‐central Chile. By assigning each species the age of the family to which it belongs and averaging all species in each geographical unit, we also found that species from the oldest families are distributed mainly in mid to high latitudes and species from younger families are distributed mainly at lower latitudes. This pattern is closely associated with annual precipitation. Thus, the ecological component of tree richness follows contemporary climatic gradients of both energy and water, but the aridification of the Atacama Desert was an important driver over evolutionary time. The influence of recent Pleistocene glaciation remains unresolved but it cannot be discounted.
Tyrosinekinase inhibition facilitates cooperation of transcription factor SALL4 and ABC transporter A3 towards intrinsic CML cell drug resistance
Authors: Hupfeld Timo , Chapuy Bjoern , Schrader Verena , Beutler Markus , Veltkamp Christian , Koch Raphael , Cameron Silke , Aung Thiha , Haase Detlef , LaRosee Paul , Truemper Lorenz , Wulf Gerald G. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryAlthough BCR‐ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors reliably induce disease remission for patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), unlimited extension of therapy is necessary to prevent relapse from persistent leukaemic cells. Here, we analysed model cell lines and primary CML cells for the expression and functions of the ABC transporter A3 (ABCA3) as well as the embryonic stem cell‐associated transcription factor SALL4. ABCA3 protected leukaemic cells from the cytotoxic effects of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib. In the surviving cells, exposure to tyrosine kinase inhibitors significantly enhanced ABCA3 expression in vivo and in vitro, and was associated with increased expression of SALL4, which binds the ABCA3 promoter. Inhibition of ABCA3 or SALL4 by genetic silencing or indomethacin, but not interferon gamma, interrupted SALL4‐dependent regulation of ABCA3 and restored susceptibility of leukaemic cells to tyrosine kinase inhibition. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor exposure facilitates a protective loop of SALL4 and ABCA3 cooperation in persistent leukaemic cells.
Indigestible neutral detergent fibre in predictions of grass and red clover silage digestibility
Authors: Krizsan S. J. , Mirzaei Alamouti H. , Rinne M. , Huhtanen P. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of correcting indigestible neutral detergent fibre (iNDF) for the loss of lignin in predictions of silage organic matter digestibility (OMD). Twenty‐five primary and regrowth grass and red clover silages with known in vivo OMD in sheep were used. Silage and faecal samples were analysed by different lignin assays: the Klason method, acid detergent lignin (ADL) and permanganate lignin. The methods were evaluated by the Lucas test. The slopes in Lucas fits of primary and regrowth grass and red clover silages did not differ, and faecal recovery of ADL was not different from unity. The iNDF was recovered from 288‐h in situ incubations in three dairy cows and analysed for ADL. Recovery of ADL in iNDF was 0·562 and 0·801 for grass and red clover silages. Silage concentration of iNDF performed better compared to the different lignin fractions in predicting OMD. Correcting individual samples for loss of ADL as well as using a general correction based on the Lucas fits of ADL in iNDF of grass and red clover silages lowered the prediction error of OMD, but despite losses of ADL in iNDF, the improvements in predictions of OMD were marginal.
Perception of Mandarin Tones: The Effect of L1 Background and Training
Authors: Wang Xinchun 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThis study investigates whether native Hmong speakers' first language (L1) lexical tone experience facilitates or interferes with their perception of Mandarin tones and whether training is effective for perceptual learning of second (L2) tones. In Experiment 1, 3 groups of beginning level learners of Mandarin with different L1 prosodic background (Hmong, Japanese, and English) took a perception test on Mandarin tones. Both the English and Japanese groups outperformed the Hmong group in perceptual accuracy of Mandarin tones. In Experiment 2, 18 learners with different L1 background received either perception training only or perception with production training on Mandarin tones for 6 hours within 3–4 weeks. Both training paradigms were effective for perceptual learning of Mandarin tone contrasts as the two training groups' perceptual accuracy improved significantly at posttest compared with a control group. Although Hmong speakers initially had more difficulties in perception of Mandarin tones than the other 2 groups, they are by no means disadvantaged by their L1 prosodic background as they gain L2 experience after intensive training.
An Emergent Perspective on the Use of the First Language in the English‐as‐a‐Foreign‐Language Classroom
Authors: Moore Paul J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis study investigates contextual features surrounding the use of a first language (L1) in a Japanese university English‐as‐a‐foreign‐language (EFL) course during peer interaction in the extended preparation phase leading up to two oral presentation tasks (OP1 and OP3), performed seven months apart. Interaction data were analysed in terms of the amount of L1 production, the distribution of L1 use within and across tasks and dyads, and the focus of learner talk. Contextual influences on L1 use were also investigated. The amount of L1 use increased from OP1 to OP3 and the overall proportion of L1 talk was higher than that found in previous studies. Within dyads, learners generally used less L1 over time. This was attributed to the shifting focus of talk from procedural to content‐creation activity. Some learners were consistently high or low users of L1, while others varied. Variability was attributed to differences in second language (L2) proficiency, levels of engagement with the task and/or interlocutor, and the negotiation of task control and pedagogic roles within a dyad. Finally, it was found that the language chosen for the initial utterance of an exchange may influence that of following utterances. The results support the contention that L1 use emerges naturally in classroom discourse and that attempts to influence it should involve raising awareness of contextual conditions surrounding its emergence.
Comparative proteomic analysis coupled with conventional protein assay as a strategy to identify predictors of successful testicular sperm extraction in patients with non‐obstructive azoospermia
Authors: Freour T. , Com E. , Barriere P. , Bouchot O. , Jean M. , Masson D. , Pineau C. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryAmong infertile couples, approximately half have to face with male infertility. In men with non‐obstructive azoospermia, surgical retrieval testicular sperm extraction (TESE) of spermatozoa can be attempted, but with low success rates. A specific biomarker that could predict residual spermatogenesis would obviously be of interest before performing TESE. Thus, our aim was to identify biomarkers of residual spermatogenesis in seminal plasma of patients with non‐obstructive azoospermia (NOA) using an isotope‐coded protein label (ICPL)‐based proteomic strategy coupled with conventional protein assay. This retrospective study was conducted in 40 men with NOA at the University Hospital of Nantes and Proteomics Core facility Biogenouest – Inserm U1085 – IRSET, Rennes, France. Comparative ICPL proteomic screening of frozen seminal plasma and correlation with TESE outcome allowed the identification of some differentially expressed proteins. Among them, lectin galactoside‐binding, soluble 3 binding protein (LGALS3BP) expression was further confirmed using conventional protein assay, and its interest as a predictor of TESE outcome was then evaluated and compared with conventional clinical and hormonal markers of residual spermatogenesis. Among the 12 differentially expressed proteins identified with comparative ICPL proteomic strategy, seminal LGALS3BP expression was found to be significantly higher in men with successful TESE. Finally, comparative ICPL proteomic screening of seminal plasma appears to be a promising approach for the identification of biomarkers of residual spermatogenesis. LGALS3BP, associated with clinical and hormonal markers, could potentially be used as a predictive marker of successful TESE outcome in patients with NOA.
Prevalence and comorbidities of known diabetes in northeastern Italy
Authors: Valent Francesca , Tillati Silvia , Zanier Loris 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe aimed at estimating the prevalence and at identifying the frequent comorbidities of diabetes mellitus in a region of northeastern Italy from administrative health data.Materials and MethodsThe prevalence was estimated according to two disease definitions, based on administrative health data. Association rule mining was used to detect comorbid diagnoses that coexisted with a diagnosis of diabetes among patients admitted to the regional hospitals.ResultsThe prevalence of known diabetes in 2010 was 6.0–8.1%, with great variations by age class (from approximately 2% <60 years to more than 20% in some elderly age groups). Of 155,494 patients admitted to the hospital in 2011, 9,358 had a diagnosis of diabetes. A total of 12 rules satisfied our criteria for support (>0.5%) and confidence (>5%), and identified nine frequent isolated comorbidities and three pairs of comorbid diagnoses. The rule with the highest support (2.4%) and confidence (39.5%) identified the combination of diabetes and essential hypertension.ConclusionsAssociation rule mining was useful, because it showed the complexity of diabetic patients. Clinical management of those patients cannot neglect comorbidities.
Clinical features and etiology of Budd–Chiari syndrome in Chinese patients: A single‐center study
Authors: Cheng Delei , Xu Hao , Lu Zhao‐jun , Hua Rong , Qiu Huan , Du Hongtao , Xu Xinjian , Zhang Jing 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackground and AimThe clinical features and etiology of Budd–Chiari syndrome (BCS) vary from region to region, and there is lack of large sample studies about BCS in China. The aim of the present study was to study the clinical features and etiology of patients with incident BCS in China prospectively.MethodsA consecutive case series of patients with incident BCS who were diagnosed in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College (Jiangsu, China) were enrolled from September 2010 to December 2011. All of the patients had continuous follow‐ups to record the symptoms, body features, laboratory and radiology findings, and treatment methods through May 2012.ResultsA total of 145 incident cases of BCS were identified. BCS was caused by hepatic venous obstruction in 31% of the patients, inferior vena cava obstruction in 6% of the patients, and 63% suffered from a combination of the two conditions. At least one etiological factor was present in 82% of the patients, with the most common being membranous obstruction (61%). Only 5% of the patients had myeloproliferative neoplasms with a JAK2 V617F mutation, and none of the patients had a factor V Leiden mutation. Eighteen months after a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed, the survival rate and the asymptomatic survival rate were 99% (95% confidence interval, 95–100%) and 93% (95% confidence interval, 89–98%), respectively.ConclusionThe most prevalent etiological factor for BCS in China is membranous obstruction. Moreover, most Chinese patients with chronic BCS are treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and have an excellent clinical outcome.
Double primary hepatic cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma) in a single patient: A clinicopathologic study of 35 resected cases
Authors: Cao Jie , Huang Liang , Liu Caifeng , Li Jing , Zhang Xianghua , Shen Jun , Li Jun , Lu Lun , Xu Feng , Yan Jianjun , Wu Mengchao , Lau Wan Yee , Yan Yiqun 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackground and AimCombined hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) coexisting in the liver have rarely been reported before. The aim of this study is to report on the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with double hepatic cancer.MethodsThe clinicopathologic, perioperative, and long‐term survival data of 35 patients who underwent synchronously resection of double hepatic cancer from January 2002 to December 2008 were studied retrospectively. The data were compared with those patients who had pure HCC or ICC during the study period.ResultsThe incidence of double hepatic cancer was 0.25%. The male to female ratio was 4:1. The prevalence of hepatitis B infection was very high (35/35). Simultaneously elevated serum α‐fetoprotein and cancer antigen 19‐9 levels (10/35) were observed in 10/35 patients. Metastatic lymph nodes with ICC cells were diagnosed in 4 of 35 patients. Only one patient was diagnosed preoperatively with double hepatic cancer of HCC and ICC. The median overall survival (OS) was 18 months, and the 1‐year, 3‐year, and 5‐year OS rates were 60.0%, 28.9%, and 23.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that the tumor size of ICC, presence of lymph node metastasis, and histological differentiation of the ICC component were independent risk factors of OS.ConclusionDouble hepatic cancer of HCC and ICC is very rare with distinctive clinicopathologic features. The prognosis of double hepatic cancer was as poor as pure ICC. The ICC component played a more important role than the HCC component in influencing the prognosis of double hepatic cancer.
Relationship between epithelial and stromal TRIM28 expression predicts survival in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Fitzgerald Seán , Sheehan Katherine M , O'Grady Anthony , Kenny Dermot , O'Kennedy Richard , Kay Elaine W , Kijanka Gregor S 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackground and AimTRIM28 is a multi‐domain nuclear protein with pleotropic effects in both normal and tumor cells. In this study, TRIM28 expression in epithelial and stromal tumor microenvironment and its prognostic role in colorectal cancer were investigated.MethodsImmunohistological staining of TRIM28 was evaluated in tissue microarrays constructed from 137 colorectal cancer patients. The correlations of TRIM28 expression with clinicopathological features and p53 expression were studied. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard modeling were used to assess overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS).ResultsStrong epithelial TRIM28 expression was found in 42% of colorectal cancer tissues. TRIM28 expression correlated significantly with p53 expression in matched cases (P = 0.0168, Spearman rank test). A high epithelial to stromal TRIM28 expression ratio was associated with shorter OS (P = 0.033; log‐rank test) and RFS (P = 0.043; log‐rank test). Multivariate analysis showed that the epithelial to stromal TRIM28 expression ratio was an independent predictor of OS (hazard ratio = 2.136; 95% confidence interval 1.015–4.498, P = 0.046) and RFS (hazard ratio = 2.100; confidence interval 1.052–4.191, P = 0.035).ConclusionA high TRIM28 expression ratio between stromal and epithelial compartments in colorectal cancer tissue is an independent predictor of poor prognosis. The pathophysiological role of TRIM28 in carcinogenesis may be dependent on expression levels and cell type within the tumor microenvironment.
Crohn's disease and polymorphism of heat shock protein gene HSP70‐2 in the Chinese population
Authors: Chen Jun , Ren Jianan , Gu Guosheng , Wang Gefei , Wu Xiuwen , Yan Dongsheng , Liu Song , Li Jieshou 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackground and AimsCrohn's disease (CD) is a multifactorial disorder with a pivotal role of the genetic component. A single nucleotide polymorphism in heat shock protein 70‐2 (HSP70‐2) has been shown to be associated with a severe clinical course in CD. The purpose of this study was to identify associations between the HSP70‐2 polymorphism and the clinical courses of CD in the Chinese population.MethodsOne hundred patients with CD and 190 healthy individuals were genotyped for the HSP70‐2 PstI polymorphism by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.ResultsThe genotype frequency of the PstI polymorphism did not differ between patients and controls. The A allele was higher in CD patients than in controls (61% vs 52%, P = 0.047, odds ratio [OR] = 1.423, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.004–2.015). Furthermore, this polymorphism was higher in the penetrating or fistula surgery of CD patients than in controls (63% vs 52%, P = 0.049, OR = 1.530, 95% CI: 1.001–2.337; Table ). But there was no significant difference between the penetrating or fistula surgery patients and no surgery patients (P = 0.673, OR = 0.883, 95% CI: 0.495–1.574). We used multivariate analysis to determine the effects of genotypes on sex, disease behavior, disease location, and so on. No significant difference was observed between these parameters and genotype.ConclusionThis study reported that the allele A of PstI polymorphism was the association between CD and HSP70‐2 gene in the Chinese population. It was also association between penetrating or fistula surgery of CD and HSP70‐2 gene in the Chinese population.
When Institutional Work Backfires: Organizational Control of Professional Work in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Singh Jagdip , Jayanti Rama K. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIntegrating institutional and role theories, this paper develops a Logics–Roles–Action (LRA) framework for understanding how for‐profit organizations structure institutional work to managerially control the work of professionals they employ. Structurally, this institutional work involves three elements: (1) internalizing pluralistic logics (logics); (2) institutionalizing distinct roles embedded in these logics (roles); and (3) scripting goal‐oriented role enactment plans (action). An empirical examination of the LRA framework in the pharmaceutical industry evidences four distinct organizational strategies that script role enactments of sales professionals in their interactions with physicians. Each strategy is intended to reaffirm prevailing institutional logics, but eventually backfires by disrupting the very institutional structures that it seeks to maintain and replicate. We show that this disruptive effect is mediated by changes in the social knowledge of institutional work. We close with theoretical and managerial implications for organizational structuring of institutional work and dynamics of institutional change.
Perspectives on Healthy Eating Among Appalachian Residents
Authors: Schoenberg Nancy E. , Howell Britteny M. , Swanson Mark , Grosh Christopher , Bardach Shoshana 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPurposeExtensive attention has been focused on improving the dietary intake of Americans. Such focus is warranted due to increasing rates of overweight, obesity, and other dietary‐related disease. To address suboptimal dietary intake requires an improved, contextualized understanding of the multiple and intersecting influences on healthy eating, particularly among those populations at greatest risk of and from poor diet, including rural residents.MethodsDuring 8 focus groups (N = 99) and 6 group key informant interviews (N = 20), diverse Appalachian rural residents were queried about their perceptions of healthy eating, determinants of healthy food intake, and recommendations for improving the dietary intake of people in their communities. Participants included church members and other laypeople, public health officials, social service providers, health care professionals, and others.FindingsParticipants offered insights on healthy eating consistent with the categories of individual, interpersonal, community, physical, environmental, and society‐level influences described in the socioecological model. Although many participants identified gaps in dietary knowledge as a persistent problem, informants also identified extraindividual factors, including the influence of family, fellow church members, and schools, policy, advertising and media, and general societal trends, as challenges to healthy dietary intake. We highlight Appalachian residents' recommendations for promoting healthier diets, including support groups, educational workshops, cooking classes, and community gardening.ConclusionsWe discuss the implications of these findings for programmatic development in the Appalachian context.