bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identify Online Store Review Spammers via Social Review Graph
Authors: Wang Guan , Xie Sihong , Liu Bing , Yu Philip S. 
Published: October 2012

Online shopping reviews provide valuable information for customers to compare the quality of products, store services, and many other aspects of future purchases. However, spammers are joining this community trying to mislead consumers by writing fake or unfair reviews to confuse the consumers. Previous attempts have used reviewers’ behaviors such as text similarity and rating patterns, to detect spammers. These studies are able to identify certain types of spammers, for instance, those who post many similar reviews about one target. However, in reality, there are other kinds of spammers who can manipulate their behaviors to act just like normal reviewers, and thus cannot be detected by the available techniques.
In this article, we propose a novel concept of review graph to capture the relationships among all reviewers, reviews and stores that the reviewers have reviewed as a heterogeneous graph. We explore how interactions between nodes in this graph could reveal the cause of spam and propose an iterative computation model to identify suspicious reviewers. In the review graph, we have three kinds of nodes, namely, reviewer, review, and store. We capture their relationships by introducing three fundamental concepts, the trustiness of reviewers, the honesty of reviews, and the reliability of stores, and identifying their interrelationships: a reviewer is more trustworthy if the person has written more honesty reviews; a store is more reliable if it has more positive reviews from trustworthy reviewers; and a review is more honest if many other honest reviews support it. This is the first time such intricate relationships have been identified for spam detection and captured in a graph model. We further develop an effective computation method based on the proposed graph model. Different from any existing approaches, we do not use an review text information. Our model is thus complementary to existing approaches and able to find more difficult and subtle spamming activities, which are agreed upon by human judges after they evaluate our results.
Identification of KIF5B-RET and GOPC-ROS1 Fusions in Lung Adenocarcinomas through a Comprehensive mRNA-Based Screen for Tyrosine Kinase Fusions
Authors: Suehara Yoshiyuki , Arcila Maria , Wang Lu , Hasanovic Adnan , Ang Daphne , Ito Tatsuo , Kimura Yuki , Drilon Alexander , Guha Udayan , Rusch Valerie , Kris Mark G. , Zakowski Maureen F. , Rizvi Naiyer , Khanin Raya , Ladanyi Marc 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Background: The mutually exclusive pattern of the major driver oncogenes in lung cancer suggests that other mutually exclusive oncogenes exist. We conducted a systematic search for tyrosine kinase fusions by screening all tyrosine kinases for aberrantly high RNA expression levels of the 3′ kinase domain (KD) exons relative to more 5′ exons.
Methods: We studied 69 patients (including five never smokers and 64 current or former smokers) with lung adenocarcinoma negative for all major mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, MEK1, HER2, and for ALK fusions (termed “pan-negative”). A NanoString-based assay was designed to query the transcripts of 90 tyrosine kinases at two points: 5′ to the KD and within the KD or 3′ to it. Tumor RNAs were hybridized to the NanoString probes and analyzed for outlier 3′ to 5′ expression ratios. Presumed novel fusion events were studied by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and confirmatory reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) and FISH.
Results: We identified one case each of aberrant 3′ to 5′ ratios in ROS1 and RET. RACE isolated a GOPC-ROS1 (FIG-ROS1) fusion in the former and a KIF5B-RET fusion in the latter, both confirmed by RT-PCR. The RET rearrangement was also confirmed by FISH. The KIF5B-RET patient was one of only five never smokers in this cohort.
Conclusion: The KIF5B-RET fusion defines an additional subset of lung cancer with a potentially targetable driver oncogene enriched in never smokers with “pan-negative” lung adenocarcinomas. We also report in lung cancer the GOPC-ROS1 fusion originally discovered and characterized in a glioma cell line. Clin Cancer Res; 18(24); 6599–608. ©2012 AACR.
miR-187 Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Breast Cancer and Confers Increased Invasive PotentialIn Vitro
Authors: Mulrane Laoighse , Madden Stephen F. , Brennan Donal J. , Gremel Gabriela , McGee Sharon F. , McNally Sara , Martin Finian , Crown John P. , Jirström Karin , Higgins Desmond G. , Gallagher William M. , O'Connor Darran P. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPurpose: Here, we describe an integrated bioinformatics, functional analysis, and translational pathology approach to identify novel miRNAs involved in breast cancer progression.Experimental Design: Coinertia analysis (CIA) was used to combine a database of predicted miRNA target sites and gene expression data. Using two independent breast cancer cohorts, CIA was combined with correspondence analysis and between group analysis to produce a ranked list of miRNAs associated with disease progression. Ectopic expression studies were carried out in MCF7 cells and miRNA expression evaluated in two additional cohorts of patients with breast cancer by in situ hybridization on tissue microarrays.Results: CIA identified miR-187 as a key miRNA associated with poor outcome in breast cancer. Ectopic expression of miR-187 in breast cancer cells resulted in a more aggressive phenotype. In a test cohort (n = 117), high expression of miR-187 was associated with a trend toward reduced breast cancer–specific survival (BCSS; P = 0.058), and a significant association with reduced BCSS in lymph node–positive patients (P = 0.036). In a validation cohort (n = 470), high miR-187 was significantly associated with reduced BCSS in the entire cohort (P = 0.021) and in lymph node–positive patients (P = 0.012). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that miR-187 is an independent prognostic factor in both cohorts [cohort 1: HR, 7.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.05–26.51; P = 0.002; cohort 2: HR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.52–5.16; P = 0.001] and in lymph node–positive patients in both cohorts (cohort 1: HR, 13.74; 95% CI, 2.62–72.03; P = 0.002; cohort 2: HR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.32–5.81; P = 0.007).Conclusions: miR-187 expression in breast cancer leads to a more aggressive, invasive phenotype and acts as an independent predictor of outcome. Clin Cancer Res; 18(24); 6702–13. ©2012 AACR.
Highly Specific Targeting of the TMPRSS2/ERG Fusion Gene Using Liposomal Nanovectors
Authors: Shao Longjiang , Tekedereli Ibrahim , Wang Jianghua , Yuca Erkan , Tsang Susan , Sood Anil , Lopez-Berestein Gabriel , Ozpolat Bulent , Ittmann Michael 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Purpose: The TMPRSS2/ERG (T/E) fusion gene is present in half of all prostate cancer tumors. Fusion of the oncogenic ERG gene with the androgen-regulated TMPRSS2 gene promoter results in expression of fusion mRNAs in prostate cancer cells. The junction of theTMPRSS2- and ERG-derived portions of the fusion mRNA constitutes a cancer-specific target in cells containing the T/E fusion gene. Targeting the most common alternatively spliced fusion gene mRNA junctional isoforms in vivo using siRNAs in liposomal nanovectors may potentially be a novel, low-toxicity treatment for prostate cancer.
Experimental Design: We designed and optimized siRNAs targeting the two most common T/E fusion gene mRNA junctional isoforms (type III or type VI). Specificity of siRNAs was assessed by transient co-transfection in vitro. To test their ability to inhibit growth of prostate cancer cells expressing these fusion gene isoforms in vivo, specific siRNAs in liposomal nanovectors were used to treat mice bearing orthotopic or subcutaneous xenograft tumors expressing the targeted fusion isoforms.
Results: The targeting siRNAs were both potent and highly specific in vitro. In vivo they significantly inhibited tumor growth. The degree of growth inhibition was variable and was correlated with the extent of fusion gene knockdown. The growth inhibition was associated with marked inhibition of angiogenesis and, to a lesser degree, proliferation and a marked increase in apoptosis of tumor cells. No toxicity was observed.
Conclusions: Targeting the T/E fusion junction in vivo with specific siRNAs delivered via liposomal nanovectors is a promising therapy for men with prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 18(24); 6648–57. ©2012 AACR.
Improving Publication Rates of Biomarker Results from Cancer Trials
Authors: Iannone Robert 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Mandatory nondiagnostic biopsies for biomarker research pose risk and inconvenience to patients with cancer that should be justified by the knowledge gained. This commentary reflects on the publication by Freeman and Kimmelman, which points to a potentially low publication rate of biomarker results from cancer clinical trials requiring nondiagnostic biopsies. Clin Cancer Res; 18(23); 6398–9. ©2012 AACR.
Assessing Iron Overload: Are We There Yet?
Authors: Kruger Paul C. , Leahy Michael F. , Olynyk John K. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Iron overload occurs in many hematologic disorders and causes significant morbidity. The advantages of MRI in quantifying liver iron concentration continue to mount, and the association between iron overload and increased mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplant needs further attention. Clin Cancer Res; 18(23); 6395–7. ©2012 AACR.
Baseline Mammographic Breast Density and the Risk of Invasive Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women Participating in the NSABP Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (STAR)
Authors: Cecchini Reena S. , Costantino Joseph P. , Cauley Jane A. , Cronin Walter M. , Wickerham D. Lawrence , Bandos Hanna , Weissfeld Joel L. , Wolmark Norman 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Mammographic breast density is an established risk factor for breast cancer. However, results are inconclusive regarding its use in risk prediction models. The current study evaluated 13,409 postmenopausal participants in the NSABP Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene. A measure of breast density as reported on the entry mammogram report was extracted and categorized according to The American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classifications. An increased risk of invasive breast cancer was associated with higher mammographic breast density (P &lt; 0.001). The association remained significant after adjusting for age, treatment, and smoking history [HR 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16–1.58], as well as when added to a model including the Gail score (HR 1.33, 95% CI: 1.14–1.55). At five years after random assignment, time-dependent area under the curve (AUC) improved from 0.63 for a model with Gail score alone to 0.64 when considering breast density and Gail score. Breast density was also significant when added to an abbreviated model tailored for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers (P = 0.02). In this study, high BI-RADS breast density was significantly associated with increased breast cancer risk when considered in conjunction with Gail score but provided only slight improvement to the Gail score for predicting the incidence of invasive breast cancer. The BI-RADS breast composition classification system is a quick and readily available method for assessing breast density for risk prediction evaluations; however, its addition to the Gail model does not seem to provide substantial predictability improvements in this population of postmenopausal healthy women at increased risk for breast cancer. Cancer Prev Res; 5(11); 1321–9. ©2012 AACR.
Lipoprotein(a) and Risk of Coronary, Cerebrovascular, and Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Gurdasani Deepti , Sjouke Barbara , Tsimikas Sotirios , Hovingh G. Kees , Luben Robert N. , Wainwright Nicholas W. J. , Pomilla Cristina , Wareham Nicholas J. , Khaw Kay-Tee , Boekholdt S. Matthijs , Sandhu Manjinder S. 
Published: October 2012

Objective—
Although the association between circulating levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke is well established, its role in risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) remains unclear. Here, we examine the association between Lp(a) levels and PAD in a large prospective cohort. To contextualize these findings, we also examined the association between Lp(a) levels and risk of stroke and CAD and studied the role of low-density lipoprotein as an effect modifier of Lp(a)-associated cardiovascular risk.

Methods and Results—
Lp(a) levels were measured in apparently healthy participants in the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk cohort. Cox regression was used to quantify the association between Lp(a) levels and risk of PAD, stroke, and CAD outcomes. During 212 981 person-years at risk, a total of 2365 CAD, 284 ischemic stroke, and 596 PAD events occurred in 18 720 participants. Lp(a) was associated with PAD and CAD outcomes but not with ischemic stroke (hazard ratio per 2.7-fold increase in Lp(a) of 1.37, 95% CI 1.25–1.50, 1.13, 95% CI 1.04–1.22 and 0.91, 95% CI 0.79–1.03, respectively). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels did not modify these associations.

Conclusion—
Lp(a) levels were associated with future PAD and CAD events. The association between Lp(a) and cardiovascular disease was not modified by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography Versus Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography for Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Parker Matthew W. , Iskandar Aline , Limone Brendan , Perugini Andrew , Kim Hyejin , Jones Charles , Calamari Brian , Coleman Craig I. , Heller Gary V. 
Published: October 2012

Background—
Positron emission tomography (PET) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) offers technical benefits compared with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) MPI, but there has been no systematic comparison of their diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery disease. We performed a bivariate meta-analysis of the published literature to compare the sensitivity and specificity of PET versus SPECT stress MPI for ≥50% stenosis of any epicardial coronary artery in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease.

Methods and Results—

We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception through January 2012 and the references of identified studies for prospective, English language studies that evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of PET and/or SPECT MPI with coronary angiography as the reference standard and reported sufficient data to calculate patient-level true and false positives and negatives. Two investigators independently extracted patient and study characteristics; a third investigator resolved any disagreements. We identified 117 studies, including 108 evaluating SPECT MPI, 4 evaluating PET MPI, and 5 evaluating both modalities. Bivariate meta-analysis demonstrated a significantly higher pooled mean sensitivity with PET (92.6% [95% Confidence Interval, 88.3% to 95.5%]) compared with SPECT (88.3% [95% confidence interval, 86.4% to 90.0%]) (
P
=0.035). No significant difference in specificity was observed between PET (81.3% [95% confidence interval, 66.6% to 90.4%]) and SPECT (75.8% [95% confidence interval, 72.1% to 79.1%]) (
P
=0.39). Few studies investigated coronary angiography with PET. Only 5 studies directly compared SPECT and PET.

Conclusions—
In a meta-analysis of 11,862 patients, PET MPI demonstrated a higher sensitivity for coronary artery disease than SPECT MPI. No difference in specificity was detected in the pooled analysis of PET and SPECT MPI.
Apolipoprotein B Synthesis Inhibition With Mipomersen in Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Stein Evan A. , Dufour Robert , Gagne Claude , Gaudet Daniel , East Cara , Donovan Joanne M. , Chin Wai , Tribble Diane L. , McGowan Mary 
Published: October 2012

Background—
Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) is a common genetic disorder leading to premature coronary artery disease. Despite statins and additional lipid-lowering therapies, many HeFH patients fail to achieve low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals. We evaluated mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, to further lower LDL-C in HeFH patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods and Results—

This double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial randomized patients with HeFH and coronary artery disease on maximally tolerated statin and LDL-C ≥2.6 mmol/L (≥100 mg/dL) to weekly subcutaneous mipomersen 200 mg or placebo (2:1) for 26 weeks. The primary end point was percent change in LDL-C from baseline at week 28. Safety assessments included adverse events, laboratory tests, and magnetic resonance imaging assessment of hepatic fat. Of 124 randomized patients (41 placebo, 83 mipomersen), 114 (41 placebo, 73 mipomersen) completed treatment. Mean (95% confidence interval) LDL-C decreased significantly with mipomersen (−28.0% [−34.0% to −22.1%] compared with 5.2% [−0.5% to 10.9%] increase with placebo;
P
<0.001). Mipomersen significantly reduced apolipoprotein B (−26.3%), total cholesterol (−19.4%), and lipoprotein(a) (−21.1%) compared with placebo (all
P
<0.001). No significant change occurred in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Adverse events included injection site reactions and influenza-like symptoms. Five mipomersen patients (6%) had 2 consecutive alanine aminotransferase values ≥3 times the upper limit of normal at least 7 days apart; none were associated with significant bilirubin increases. Hepatic fat content increased a median of 4.9% with mipomersen versus 0.4% with placebo (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
Mipomersen is an effective therapy to further reduce apolipoprotein B–containing lipoproteins, including LDL and lipoprotein(a), in HeFH patients with coronary artery disease on statins and other lipid-lowering therapy. The significance of hepatic fat and transaminase increases remains uncertain at this time.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00706849.
Sensitivity to Glacial Forcing in the CCSM4
Authors: Brady Esther C. , Otto-Bliesner Bette L. , Kay Jennifer E. , Rosenbloom Nan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractResults are presented from the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) at the standard 1° resolution, the same resolution as the majority of the CCSM4 CMIP5 long-term simulations for the historical and future projection scenarios. The forcings and boundary conditions for this simulation follow the protocols of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project, version 3 (PMIP3). Two additional CCSM4 CO2 sensitivity simulations, in which the concentrations are abruptly changed at the start of the simulation to the low 185 ppm LGM concentrations (LGMCO2) and to a quadrupling of the preindustrial concentration (4×CO2), are also analyzed. For the full LGM simulation, the estimated equilibrium cooling of the global mean annual surface temperature is 5.5°C with an estimated radiative forcing of −6.2 W m−2. The radiative forcing includes the effects of the reduced LGM greenhouse gases, ice sheets, continental distribution with sea level lowered by approximately 120 m from the present, and orbital parameters, but not changes to atmospheric aerosols or vegetation biogeography. The LGM simulation has an equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) of 3.1(±0.3)°C, comparable to the CCSM4 4×CO2 result. The LGMCO2 simulation shows a greater ECS of 4.2°C. Other responses found at the LGM in CCSM4 include a global precipitation rate decrease at a rate of ~2% °C−1, similar to climate change simulations in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4); a strengthening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) with a shoaling of North Atlantic Deep Water and a filling of the deep basin up to sill depth with Antarctic Bottom Water; and an enhanced seasonal cycle accompanied by reduced ENSO variability in the eastern Pacific Ocean’s SSTs.
North Atlantic Climate Response to Lake Agassiz Drainage at Coarse and Ocean Eddy-Permitting Resolutions
Authors: Spence Paul , Saenko Oleg A. , Sijp Willem , England Matthew H. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The North Atlantic climate response to the catastrophic drainage of proglacial Lake Agassiz into the Labrador Sea is analyzed with coarse and ocean eddy-permitting versions of a global coupled climate model. The North Atlantic climate response is qualitatively consistent in that a large-scale cooling is simulated regardless of the model resolution or region of freshwater discharge. However, the magnitude and duration of the North Atlantic climate response is found to be sensitive to model resolution and the location of freshwater forcing. In particular, the long-term entrainment of freshwater along the boundary at higher resolution and its gradual, partially eddy-driven escape into the interior leads to low-salinity anomalies persisting in the subpolar Atlantic for decades longer. As a result, the maximum decline of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and the ocean meridional heat transport (MHT) is amplified by about a factor of 2 at ocean eddy-permitting resolution, and the recovery is delayed relative to the coarse grid model. This, in turn, increases the long-term cooling in the high-resolution simulations. A decomposition of the MHT response reveals an increased role for transients and the horizontal mean component of MHT at higher resolution. With fixed wind stress curl, it is a stronger response of bottom pressure torque to the freshwater forcing at higher resolution that leads to a larger anomaly of the depth-integrated circulation.
Can a Regional Ocean–Atmosphere Coupled Model Improve the Simulation of the Interannual Variability of the Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon?
Authors: Zou Liwei , Zhou Tianjun 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA flexible regional ocean–atmosphere–land system coupled model [Flexible Regional Ocean Atmosphere Land System (FROALS)] was developed through the Ocean Atmosphere Sea Ice Soil, version 3 (OASIS3), coupler to improve the simulation of the interannual variability of the western North Pacific summer monsoon (WNPSM). The regionally coupled model consists of a regional atmospheric model, the Regional Climate Model, version 3 (RegCM3), and a global climate ocean model, the National Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG)/Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) Climate Ocean Model (LICOM). The impacts of local air–sea interaction on the simulation of the interannual variability of the WNPSM are investigated through regionally ocean–atmosphere coupled and uncoupled simulations, with a focus on El Niño’s decaying summer. Compared with the uncoupled simulation, the regionally coupled simulation exhibits improvements in both the climatology and the interannual variability of rainfall over the WNP. In El Niño’s decaying summer, the WNP is dominated by an anomalous anticyclone, less rainfall, and enhanced subsidence, which lead to increases in the downward shortwave radiation flux, thereby warming sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. Thus, the ocean appears as a slave to atmospheric forcing. In the uncoupled simulation, however, the atmosphere is a slave to oceanic SST forcing, with the warm SST anomalies located east of the Philippines unrealistically producing excessive rainfall. In the regionally coupled run, the unrealistic positive rainfall anomalies and the associated atmospheric circulations east of the Philippines are significantly improved, highlighting the importance of air–sea coupling in the simulation of the interannual variability of the WNPSM. One limitation of the model is that the anomalous anticyclone over the WNP is weaker than the observations in both the regionally coupled and the uncoupled simulations. This results from the weaker simulated climatological summer rainfall intensity over the monsoon trough.