bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post−surge geometry and thermal structure of Hørbyebreen, central Spitsbergen
Authors: Małecki Jakub , Faucherre Samuel , Strzelecki Mateusz C. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Hørbyebreen surged in the 19th or early 20th century, as suggested by geomorphological evidences and looped medial moraines. In this study, we investigate its wide−spread geometry changes and geodetic mass balance with 1960 contour lines, 1990 and 2009 digital elevation models, in order to define the present−day state of the glacier. We also study its thermal structure from ground−penetrating radar data. Little is known about the glacier behaviour in the first part of the 20th century, but from its surge maximum until 1960 it has been retreating and losing its area. In the period 1960-1990, fast frontal thinning (2-3ma−1) and a slow mass build−up in the higher zones (~0.15 m a−1) have been noted, resulting in generally negative mass balance (−0.40 ± 0.07 m w. eq. a−1). In the last studied period 1990-2009, the glacier showed an acceleration of mass loss (−0.64 m ± 0.07 w. eq. a−1) and no build−up was observed anymore. We conclude that Hørbyebreen system under present climate will not surge anymore and relate this behaviour to a considerable increase in summer temperature on Svalbard after 1990. Radar soundings indicate that the studied glacial system is polythermal, with temperate ice below 100-130 m depth. It has therefore not (or not yet) switched to cold−bedded, as has been suggested in previous works for some small Svalbard surge−type glaciers in a negative mass balance mode.
MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs: prospects in diagnostics and therapy of cancer
Authors: Hauptman Nina , Glavac Damjan 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackground. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key regulatory molecules in cellular processes, and are potential biomarkers in many diseases. Currently, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs are being pursued as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and as therapeutic tools in cancer, since their expression profiling is able to distinguish different cancer types and classify their sub-types.Conclusions. There are numerous studies confirming involvement of ncRNAs in cancer initiation, development and progression, but have only been recently identified as new diagnostic and prognostic tools. This can be beneficial in future medical cancer treatment options, since ncRNAs are natural antisense interactors included in regulation of many genes connected to survival and proliferation. Research is directed in development of useful markers for diagnosis and prognosis in cancer and in developing new RNA-based cancer therapies, of which some are already in clinical trials.
Use of the Agency Theory to Analyze the Commissioning System of Commune Real Estate Management
Authors: Marona Bartłomiej 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Municipal real property, including commune real estate usually managed through a model of a direct or indirect commissioning system, is becoming increasingly popular, especially in the context of the public management paradigm. The aim of the article is to present the essence of the commissioning system of commune real estate management and indicate the supervisory consequences which rest on the commune as a result of choosing this system. In order to fulfill the assumed research objectives, the article analyzes the commissioning system of commune real estate management in Poland with the use of the agency theory, a dominant theoretical concept of corporate governance.
Catastrophe Theory in Explaining Price Dynamics on the Real Estate Market
Authors: Belej Mirosław 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The real estate market is an open system, which implies that it is able to exchange signals with other open systems and dynamic systems. The evolution of a market system over time can be described mathematically. If the system's sensitivity threshold to external stimuli is exceeded, it becomes destabilized and moves from a near-balanced state to a state that is far from equilibrium. Those dynamic processes often induce key changes in the system's trajectory of evolution. In search of equilibrium, the system becomes transformed in a process of discontinuous and discrete changes in state variables. The above statement constitutes the research hypothesis in this article.
In this study, an attempt was made to develop a mathematical model for visualizing the evolutionary path of the real estate market in the form of continuous changes interrupted by discontinuous changes. The qualitative transformation of the system will be evaluated with the use of the catastrophe theory.
The Atracttiveness of Real Estate Investment in Polish Conditions
Authors: Wolski Rafał , Załęczna Magdalena 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Traditionally, it is believed that real estate can be an important component of an investment portfolio as it reduces risk due to the diversification potential coming from its low/negative correlation with stocks and bonds. However, contemporary development in the form of the invention and introduction of more sophisticated financial instruments is blurring the boundaries between the existing asset classes. The appearance of these new forms of investments is the result of competition for global capital inflows. Investors concentrate on those forms of investments that are attractive in terms of the variety of offered instruments and the results achieved by them. The aim of the article is to evaluate the variety of instruments enabling investments on the Polish property market and their competitiveness in relation to classical forms of investment.
Measures of Downside Risk Under Conditions of Downturn in the Real Estate Market
Authors: Wolski Rafał 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Some authors suggest that the use of standard deviation as a measure of total risk for returns on real estate leads to risk overestimation, as the classical Markowitz model does not account for the skewness of financial data, thus making the results unreliable. According to the available literature, risk calculated on the basis of standard semideviation may actually better reflect the nature of property investment. However, in this context, the question of whether or not this measure will lead to risk underestimation at a time of a downturn in the real estate market, resulting in inadequate investment decisions aggravating investor losses arises. Therefore, the present paper presents portfolios constructed using either classical risk measures or measures based on “downside deviations” of rates of return. The results of investment in these portfolios are analyzed.
Functional characterizations of p-spaces
Authors: Holá Ľubica 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe show that a completely regular space Y is a p-space (a Čech-complete space, a locally compact space) if and only if given a dense subspace A of any topological space X and a continuous f: A → Y there are a p-embedded subset (resp. a G δ-subset, an open subset) M of X containing A and a quasicontinuous subcontinuous extension f*: M → Y of f continuous at every point of A. A result concerning a continuous extension to a residual set is also given.
L’aventure est-elle possible ?
Authors: Chassay Jean-François 
Published: October 2013

Cet article examine comment la littérature française récupère le propos médical et hygiéniste (eugénisme, dégénérescence) au tournant des XIXe et XXe siècles pour le transformer en une véritable aventure de la dégénérescence autour de figures singulières. À partir de la novella « Les gestes » de Paul Bourget et du roman Tribulat Bonhomet de Villiers de L’Isle-Adam, il s’agit de montrer, sur le mode psychologique et tragique ou sur le mode burlesque, comment le discours sur l’hérédité et les réflexions biologiques permettent de projeter, sur le plan imaginaire, l’aventure du vivant.
Arsène Lupin hors jeu
Authors: Prévost Maxime 
Published: October 2013

En 1905, Maurice Leblanc relève le défi de l’éditeur Pierre Lafitte, acceptant de créer pour le périodique Je sais tout un personnage incarnant les qualités nationales et pouvant servir de locomotive à la revue, comme le faisait Sherlock Holmes pour The Strand. Implicitement, l’éditeur l’invitait ainsi à créer un personnage qui exercerait sur le lectorat français le même ascendant que le célèbre limier de Baker Street sur celui de la Grande-Bretagne. Défi relevé et mission accomplie, Maurice Leblanc, tout comme Conan Doyle, se trouve captif de son succès : l’auteur qui aspirait à devenir le successeur de Maupassant et la gloire du naturalisme tardif se verra contraint, pour répondre aux demandes du public, de créer sans cesse de nouvelles aventures d’Arsène Lupin, personnage mille fois mis à mort, mille et une fois né de ses cendres. Pour Maurice Leblanc et son personnage, l’aventure n’est pas une possibilité, mais une nécessité. Pierre Bayard nomme « complexe de Holmes » cette propension qu’ont les créateurs de mythes à se sentir fragilisés, voire menacés, par leurs créatures. Pendant la Grande Guerre, ce complexe mène Leblanc à créer une trilogie romanesque, constituée de L’Éclat d’obus (1916), du Triangle d’or (1918) et de L’Île aux trente cercueils (1919), trilogie marquée par la quasi-absence de son héros, lequel cède le pas à d’autres personnages auxquels la possibilité de l’aventure sera offerte, mais comme à contrecoeur : Arsène Lupin, qui ne met jamais sa propre vie en jeu et, intervenant comme un Deus ex machina, n’intègre jamais véritablement le fil de l’aventure, jette cependant une ombre démesurée sur les autres personnages du cycle, notamment sur le Paul Delroze de L’Éclat d’obus, le Patrice Belval du Triangle d’or et le Stéphane Maroux de L’Île aux trente cercueils, auxquels échappe la gloire complète de la geste héroïque. Cet article cherche à comprendre pourquoi Maurice Leblanc soustrait Arsène Lupin à l’aventure, sans pour autant doter ses autres personnages des mêmes possibilités d’action.
Location of Lymph Node Involvement in Patients with Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Predicts Survival
Authors: Talsma Aaldert K. , Ong Chin‐Ann J. , Liu Xinxue , van Hagen Pieter , Van Lanschot Jan J. B. , Tilanus Huug W. , Hardwick Richard H. , Carroll Nicholas R. , Spaander Manon C. W. , Fitzgerald Rebecca C. , Wijnhoven Bas P. L. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe location of positive lymph nodes has been abandoned in the seventh classification of the TNM staging system for esophageal adenocarcinoma. The present study evaluates whether distribution of involved nodes relative to the diaphragm in addition to TNM 7 further refines prediction.MethodsPathology reports of patients who underwent esophagectomy between 2000 and 2008 for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus were reviewed and staging was performed according to the seventh UICC‐AJCC staging system. In addition, lymph node involvement of nodal stations above and below the diaphragm was investigated by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in a separate cohort of patients who were scheduled for esophagectomy between 2008 and 2009 at two institutions. Survival was calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method, and multivariate analysis was performed with a Cox regression model.ResultsSome 327 patients who had undergone esophagectomy for cancer were included. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with from three to six involved lymph nodes in the resection specimen on both sides of the diaphragm had a twofold higher chance of dying compared to patients with the same number of involved lymph nodes on one side of the diaphragm. EUS assessment of lymph node metastases relative to the diaphragm in 102 patients showed that nodal involvement on both sides of the diaphragm was associated with worse survival than when nodes on one side or no nodes are involved [HR (95 % CI) 2.38 (1.15–4.90)].ConclusionsA combined staging system that incorporates distribution of lymph nodes relative to the diaphragm refines prognostication after esophagectomy as assessed in the resected specimen and pretreatment as assessed by EUS. This improved staging has the potential to have a great impact on clinical decision making as to whether to embark upon potentially curative or palliative treatments.
Timing of arrival at breeding grounds determines spatial patterns of productivity within the population of white stork (Ciconia ciconia)
Authors: Janiszewski Tomasz , Minias Piotr , Wojciechowski Zbigniew 
Published: October 2013

AbstractEarly arrival at breeding grounds have important fitness consequences for migratory birds, both at individual and population level. The aim of this study was to investigate how the timing of arrival at the breeding territories affects the spatial patterns of reproductive success within a population of white storks (Ciconia ciconia). Data were gathered annually for ca. 200 pairs of storks breeding in central Poland between 1994 and 2011. Geostatistical analysis of data indicated that in years of delayed arrival of the population (measured by the first quartile arrival date), the reproductive output of storks was negatively autocorrelated, which indicated that there was a tendency for pairs of high breeding success to neighbour with pairs of low success. By contrast, in years when first storks returned in early dates to the breeding grounds, their reproductive success did not show any kind of spatial autocorrelation. These results suggest that delayed return of the first‐arriving storks of the population may increase intensity of intra‐specific competition to the level at which high‐quality breeding pairs monopolize most of available resources at the expense of neighbouring low‐quality pairs, which have lower reproductive success as a consequence. Such hypothesis was further supported with the analysis of nesting densities, showing that the late‐arriving breeding pairs incurred greater fitness costs (or derived lower fitness benefits) while breeding in high densities comparatively to the early‐arriving conspecifics.
The relation of biomass production with leaf traits varied under different land‐use and precipitation conditions in an Inner Mongolia steppe
Authors: Gao Yingzhi , Giese Marcus , Brueck Holger , Yang Haijun , Li Zhijian 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe analyses of plant leaf traits that strongly influence aboveground net primary production (ANPP) are indispensable for understanding the process of plant biomass formation. However, there are few studies that have attempted to relate patterns of ANPP under contrasting management practices to plant leaf‐level traits. To assess how leaf traits affect plant biomass accumulation under different land‐use practices, we examined leaf traits and biomass production in three differently managed sites in the Inner Mongolia steppe: a site fenced since 1979 (UG), a winter grazing site (WG), and a heavily grazed site (HG). Low soil water content, leaf area index, and potential growth ability of species at site HG led to low crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), and relative growth rate (RGR); resulting in lower ANPP as compared to sites WG and UG. Irrespective of land‐use management, prolonged drought significantly decreases ANPP even though it systematically increases mean CGR and RGR. However, leaf N content and leaf weight ratio are the crucial components necessary to determine the RGR at site WG. This suggests that low leaf N and availability of soil N due to haymaking may be responsible for neither over‐compensatory nor compensatory growth in this site. The low ANPP in dry years is not due to the low mean CGR and RGR but rather to the short effective growing days (referring to the days the vegetation actually grows), suggesting that production‐adjusted grazing regimes may be the most suitable measures for precision land management and avoiding grassland degradation.
ON THE SMOOTHNESS OF CENTRES OF RATIONAL CHEREDNIK ALGEBRAS IN POSITIVE CHARACTERISTIC
Authors: BELLAMY GWYN , MARTINO MAURIZIO 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this paper we study rational Cherednik algebras att= 1 in positive characteristic. We study a finite-dimensional quotient of the rational Cherednik algebra called the restricted rational Cherednik algebra. When the corresponding pseudo-reflection group belongs to the infinite seriesG(m, d, n), we describe explicitly the block decomposition of the restricted algebra. We also classify all pseudo-reflection groups for which the centre of the corresponding rational Cherednik algebra is regular for generic values of the deformation parameter.
HIGHER KOSZUL DUALITY FOR ASSOCIATIVE ALGEBRAS
Authors: DOTSENKO VLADIMIR , VALLETTE BRUNO 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe present a unifying framework for the key concepts and results of higher Koszul duality theory forN-homogeneous algebras: the Koszul complex, the candidate for the space of syzygies and the higher operations on the Yoneda algebra. We give a universal description of the Koszul dual algebra under a new algebraic structure. For that we introduce a general notion: Gröbner bases for algebras over non-symmetric operads.
AUTOMORPHISMS OF QUANTUM MATRICES
Authors: LAUNOIS S. , LENAGAN T. H. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe study the automorphism group of the algebra$\co_q(M_n)$ofn×ngeneric quantum matrices. We provide evidence for our conjecture that this group is generated by the transposition and the subgroup of those automorphisms acting on the canonical generators of$\co_q(M_n)$by multiplication by scalars. Moreover, we prove this conjecture in the case whenn= 3.
A global path planning method for mobile robot based on a three-dimensional-like map
Authors: Wang Yaonan , Cao Wenming 
Published: October 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents a novel global path planning method for mobile robots. An improved grid map, called three-dimensional-like map, is developed to represent the global workspace area. The new environment model includes not only contour information of obstacles but also artificial height information. Based on this new model, a simple but efficient obstacle avoidance algorithm is developed to solve robot path planning problems in static environment. The proposed algorithm only requires simple distance calculations and several comparison operations. In addition, unlike other algorithms, the proposed algorithm only needs to deal with some obstacles instead of all. The research results show that this method is computationally efficient and can be used to find an optimal or near optimal path.
Investigation on solid solubility and magnetism of the non-stoichiometric compound Fe3Se4
Authors: Li S. , Jin S.F. , Ji J. , Guo Z.N. , Yuan W.X. 
Published: October 2013

In order to complete the research on the Fe–Se binary system, the phase structures with selenium contents from 50 to 60 at.% have been studied. Fe–Se binary samples used in this study were prepared by the high-temperature solid-state reaction method, and the phase structure of each sample was determined by powder X-ray diffraction. The solid solubility of the Fe3Se4 phase was determined to be from 56.1 to 57.6 at.% Se based on the values of unit-cell parameters. Magnetic properties of the samples were also studied.
Teaching Large Classes with Clickers: Results from a Teaching Experiment in Comparative Politics
Authors: Velasco Marcela , Çavdar Gamze 
Published: October 2013

AbstractInstant-response technologies, or clickers, are student response devices that help address some of the challenges involved in teaching large classes, namely student motivation and engagement with the material. This article evaluates a diverse set of teaching and learning strategies enabled by clicker technology and their impact on student learning. We highlight five aspects of teaching that are enhanced by the use of clickers, describe an experiment comparing student performance in traditional and clicker lectures, and report results of a survey of student perception about the effects of this technology on motivation, learning, and engagement. We argue that while the use of clickers is time-consuming for the instructor and presents a steep learning curve, clickers improve teaching effectiveness in large classes and hold promise for increasing student learning.
Misconceptions and Realities of the 2011 Tunisian Election
Authors: Hababou Moez , Amrouche Nawel 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn response to the 2011 Tunisian elections and the uncertainty surrounding Tunisia's future, we offer an empirical explanation of the election's results using socioeconomic and demographic variables. We aggregate many political analyses to describe the main parties and give insights into their strengths and weaknesses. We also examine common misconceptions advanced during the elections. Finally, we include a proposed electoral map that could be used by politicians to plan their future political strategies.
The Conditionality of Hypothetical Imperatives
Authors: Siyar Jamsheed 
Published: October 2013

AbstractKant famously distinguishes between the categorical imperative (CI) – the fundamental principle of morality – and hypothetical imperatives (HIs), which are instrumental norms. On the standard reading, Kant subscribes to the ‘disjunctive reading’ of HIs, which takes HIs to be consistency requirements that bind agents in exactly the same way whether or not agents are subject to CI and whether or not they conform their choices to CI. I argue that this reading cannot be squared with Kant's account of an agent's disposition, in particular his claim that cognition of CI is a necessary condition of willing a maxim. I further argue that Kant could not accept an account of HIs as consistency requirements. Finally, I outline Kant's conception of HIs as non-disjunctive requirements that arise when and only when agents will permissible ends. This account can help recapture Kant's conception of the unity of rational norms.
Histological characteristics of the vertebral intercentra ofMetoposaurus diagnosticus(Temnospondyli) from the Upper Triassic of Krasiejów (Upper Silesia, Poland)
Authors: Konietzko-Meier D. , Bodzioch A. , Sander P. M. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTOsteohistological characteristics of the large temnospondyl amphibianMetoposaurus diagnosticusfrom the Upper Triassic of Poland (Krasiejów locality) were determined using vertebral intercentra thin-sections from different regions and growth stages. The intercentra showed a trabecular structure in both the endochondral and periosteal domains. Endochondral ossification developed first, and the primary bone occurs near the periphery with a higher degree of remodelling in the centre. Periosteal bone deposition begins later; first on the ventral side, continuing laterally and finally onto the dorsal side. Periosteal growth rate was initially very rapid, and then subsequently decreased in rate. In all sections, numerous remains of calcified cartilage are visible, which may indicate a juvenile, paedomorphic or plesiomorphic character. The four histologic ontogenetic stages (HOS) of sampled vertebrae were determined based on growth marks. Most of the sampled bones belong to juvenile individuals (HOS 1 to 3), apart from one atlas and the largest anterior dorsal intercentrum, which represent the oldest described stage (HOS 4). Sharpey's fibres are preserved in ventro-lateral cortical regions, around parapophyses and on the posterior side of the neural arch.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia disease progression is accelerated by APRIL-TACI interaction in the TCL1 transgenic mouse model
Authors: Lascano Valeria , Guadagnoli Marco , Schot Jan G. , Luijks Dieuwertje M. , Guikema Jeroen E. J. , Cameron Katherine , Hahne Michael , Pals Steven , Slinger Erik , Kipps Thomas J. , van Oers Marinus H. J. , Eldering Eric , Medema Jan Paul , Kater Arnon P. 
Published: October 2013

Key Points
APRIL significantly accelerates CLL onset in TCL1-Tg mice. APRIL-mediated prosurvival effects in leukemic cells depend on TACI and not BCMA ligation.