bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of Duration Perception in Artificial Brains Suggests New Model of Attentional Entrainment
Authors: Tehrani-Saleh Ali , McAuley J. Devin , Adami Christoph 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
While cognitive theory has advanced several candidate frameworks to explain attentional entrainment, the neural basis for the temporal allocation of attention is unknown. Here we present a new model of attentional entrainment guided by empirical evidence obtained using a cohort of 50 artificial brains. These brains were evolved in silico to perform a duration judgment task similar to one where human subjects perform duration judgments in auditory oddball paradigms. We found that the artificial brains display psychometric characteristics remarkably similar to those of human listeners and exhibit similar patterns of distortions of perception when presented with out-of-rhythm oddballs. A detailed analysis of mechanisms behind the duration distortion suggests that attention peaks at the end of the tone, which is inconsistent with previous attentional entrainment models. Instead, the new model of entrainment emphasizes increased attention to those aspects of the stimulus that the brain expects to be highly informative.
Hedayatollah Khan and the Gulgakh Canal
Authors: Potts Daniel T. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The present article republishes a forgotten, eyewitness account of a canal built by the Gilaki ruler, Hedayatollah Khan, c. 1776. Written by the German physician Julius Cäsar Häntzsche, who was shown the remains of the canal in 1855, the account sheds light on the career of a contemporary of Karim Khan Zand and Agha Mohammad Khan, and on the environment of the southwestern Caspian region, particularly the Anzali lagoon.
China’s Belt and Road Initiative and the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Sahakyan Mher D. , Zheng Yuntian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article focuses on the Russia-led Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). It argues that EAEU members and China need each other to implement their two major initiatives. As a result of the conjunction of the EAEU and BRI, China and the EAEU states linked their transportation infrastructure, which provided them opportunities for modernization and growth. The EAEU member states established contacts with the second economy of the world at a multilateral level as well. The Agreement on Economic and Trade Cooperation between the Eurasian Economic Union and Its Member States, of the One Part, and the People’s Republic of China, of the other Part, signed in 2018, which came into force in 2019, provided added impetus to strengthen economic relations and created a legal platform for the further harmonization of the BRI with the EAEU. This article also argues that the conjunction of the EAEU and BRI has a political meaning as well. It means that in post-Soviet Eurasia, Russia and China have chosen cooperation over competition, as they are the main initiators of these economic and political integration initiatives. It explains that it fully coincides with the national interests of other members of the EAEU, such as Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan, as these states can cooperate with both Russia and China without choosing any side. This contribution concludes that cooperation between China and the EAEU in post-Soviet Eurasia improves security level and contributes to peaceful, cooperative development.
The Enemy of My Enemy Is My Friend
Authors: du Quenoy Irina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The year 2016 saw the historic meeting between Pope Francis I and Patriarch Kirill I of the Russian Orthodox Church. Taking place on what was understood as the “neutral” territory of communist Cuba, the meeting sent shockwaves through the Orthodox world as it indicated a warming of relations that, for some, augured the healing of a millennium-long schism and, for others, the capitulation of the Orthodox Church to papal hegemony. Though certainly startling (the meeting was prepared in secret), the summit in Havana could not have occurred without a preparatory process of rapprochement between the two sides. This paper examines this rapprochement as it occurred under the pontificate of Benedict XVI (2005–2013), arguing that it was this process that made Havana possible. While relations between the RCC and ROC post 2016 are outside the scope of this paper, I note that the context of that event suggested that the road forward would remain far from clear as the obstacles to full reconciliation obvious in the preceding period remained salient.
“How could we possibly forget this?”
Authors: Fert Andriy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Addressing the topic of historical memory of the Soviet Union, and World War II in particular within the Orthodox Churches of Ukraine prior to 2022, the article provides a number of examples illustrating the ambiguity of this memory in post-Soviet Ukraine. The ambiguity concerns the place of memory itself, the former Soviet Union as a – officially decreed – homeland to Russians and Ukrainians to be defended in the “Great Patriotic War” 1941–1945, but it also concerns ambivalences between heroic secular narratives and Christian sainthood. Furthermore, the ambivalence is reflected in monuments as much as in the statements of church officials and believers.
Association Between Clinical Severity, Neuroimaging, and Electroencephalographic Findings in Children with Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
Authors: Panda Prateek Kumar , Elwadhi Aman , Gupta Diksha , Gupta Swati Kumari , Dasgupta Soura , Singh Garima , Sherwani Poonam , Sharawat Indar Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Background Children diagnosed with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) display a range of neuroimaging abnormalities during different stages of the disease, but their exact clinical significance remains unclear. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, our objective was to examine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in the brains of patients aged 18 years or younger with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. We aimed to correlate these MRI abnormalities with clinical severity, sociodemographic variables, electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities, and cerebrospinal anti-measles antibody titers. Results The study included 112 cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (mean age at onset: 8.9 ± 2.6 years). MRI analysis at the time of presentation revealed the following abnormalities: subcortical white matter signal changes (n = 95), periventricular white matter signal changes (n = 76), splenium of corpus callosum involvement (n = 39), diffuse corpus callosum involvement (n = 27), cerebral atrophy (n = 35), basal ganglia involvement (n = 10), and brain stem involvement (n = 2). Notably, subcortical white matter involvement, periventricular white matter involvement, diffuse corpus callosum involvement, and basal ganglia involvement were more prevalent in patients with stage III and IV subacute sclerosing panencephalitis ( P < .05 for all). Cerebral atrophy was also significantly more common in patients with stage III compared to those with stage IV subacute sclerosing panencephalitis ( P < .0001). However, no substantial positive or negative associations were found between MRI findings and EEG abnormalities, other sociodemographic/clinical variables, and cerebrospinal fluid measles-specific antibody titers ( P > .05). Conclusion Early in the disease progression of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, the temporoparietal and parietooccipital regions of the subcortical white matter are affected. Neuroimaging abnormalities exhibit a stronger association with Jabbour's clinical staging, but do not show significant associations with other clinical, sociodemographic, and EEG features.
Patient Opportunities to Self-Schedule in a Large Multisite, Multispecialty Medical Practice: Program Description and Uptake of 7 Unique Processes for Patients to Successfully Self-Schedule (and Reschedule) Their Medical Appointments
Authors: North Frederick , Buss Rebecca , Nelson Elissa M. , Thompson Matthew C. , Pecina Jennifer , Crum Brian A. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Patient self-scheduling of medical appointments is becoming more common in many medical institutions. However, the complexity of scheduling multiple specialties, following scheduling guidelines, and managing appointment access requires a variety of processes for a diverse inventory of self-schedulable appointment types. Methods From 7 unique patient self-scheduling methods, we captured counts of successfully self-scheduled and completed appointments. A process map was created to show the paths of 5 different primary self-scheduling processes (new appointment self-scheduling) and 2 secondary self-scheduling processes (existing appointment self-rescheduling). Results There were 7 unique processes that led to 733,651 successfully self-scheduled completed visits from January 1 to December 31, 2023 at a multisite, multispecialty clinic. The self-scheduling processes consisted of the following: (1) Ticket offer (appointment “ticket” offers for specific visits generated by a provider order or system rules), the software “ticket” sent to the patient permits “admission” to self-schedule calendar templates (341,591 uses, 46.6%); (2) direct self-scheduled visit for prequalified visit types (203,593 uses, 27.6%); (3) self-reschedule option (patient option to reschedule existing appointment, 79,706 uses, 10.9%); (4) new patient self-scheduled visit via clinic website (does not require portal access, 54,367 uses, 7.4%). (5) automated waitlist self-rescheduled visit (38,649 uses, 5.3%); (6) automated waitlist self-scheduled visit of previously unscheduled visit (10,939 uses, 1.5%); and (7) self-triage self-scheduled visit (4806 uses, 0.7%). Conclusion The processes for self-scheduling are expanding. Our multispecialty clinic has implemented 7 different processes to help patients successfully self-schedule medical appointments. Some of the processes occur before initial scheduling (such as self-triage), and some are implemented after successful scheduling has already occurred (self-rescheduling option and self-rescheduling aided by an automated waitlist). Continued research is needed to look for measures of success beyond the ability to complete a self-scheduled visit, including the accuracy of the booking (right provider, location, and length of visit).
Patients Presenting with Acute Stroke During COVID-19 Pandemic Era: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Hashmi Amal M. Al , Imam Yahia , Saqqur Maher , Ozdemir Atilla Ozcan , Farhoudi Mehdi , Wasay Mohammad , Mushtaq Faiza , Jose Sachin , Mansur Ossama Yassin , Shuaib Ashfaq ,   the MENA-SINO Organization (http://mena-sino.org)
Published: August 2024

Background Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection originated in China and was very quickly seen in the Middle East North Africa (MENA) region. This study was undertaken to evaluate COVID-19-related cerebrovascular involvement in the MENA+ region. Methods Retrospective observational regional multicenter study aiming to identify acute stroke presentation and functional independency in patients with COVID-19 infection in the MENA region. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was established by polymerase chain reaction testing in all patients. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to evaluate the severity of stroke symptoms. Functional independency was assisted by a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days. Results There were 209 patients including 65 COVID-19-related stroke group (CRSG). The mean age was 62.85 ± 15.94 for (CRSG) and 58.69 ± 14.73 in non-COVID-19 stroke group (NCSG). The most prevalent risk factor for both groups was hypertension 45 (69.2%) and 105 (72.9) respectively. Intravenous thrombolysis therapy was delivered to 6/65 (9.2%) in (CRSG) compared to 11 (7.6) in (NCSG). The mean NIHSS at baseline for the (CRSG) was 12.94 ± 9.46, versus 6.08 ± 4.9 in (NCSG). This was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). Functional outcome at the 90-day measured using mRS was worse in the (CRSG) compared to (NCSG) 3.61 ± 2.53, 2.20 ± 2.60 respectively and this was statistically significant ( P = 0.001). Conclusion In this study from multiple countries from the MENA+ region, we showed that acute stroke in patients with active COVID-19 had more severe symptoms at onset and worse 90 days’ outcomes despite the young age. There were no regional differences noted in severity and outcome in the MENA region.
Towards greener city logistics: an application of agile routing algorithms to optimize the distribution of micro-hubs in Barcelona
Authors: Castillo C. , Panadero J. , Alvarez-Palau E. J. , Juan A. A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the shift towards online shopping, reshaping consumer habits and intensifying the impact on urban freight distribution. This disruption exacerbated traffic congestion and parking shortages in cities, underscoring the need for sustainable distribution models. The European Union's common transport policy advocates for innovative UFD approaches that promote intermodal transportation, reduce traffic, and optimize cargo loads. Our study addresses these challenges by proposing an agile routing algorithm for an alternative UFD model in Barcelona. This model suggests strategically located micro-hubs selected from a set of railway facilities, markets, shopping centers, district buildings, pickup points, post offices, and parking lots (1057 points in total). It also promotes intermodality through cargo bikes and electric vans. The study has two main objectives: (i) to identify a network of intermodal micro-hubs for the efficient delivery of parcels in Barcelona and (ii) to develop an agile routing algorithm to optimize their location. The algorithm generates adaptive distribution plans considering micro-hub operating costs and vehicle routing costs, and using heuristic and machine learning methods enhanced by parallelization techniques. It swiftly produces high-quality routing plans based on transportation infrastructure, transportation modes, and delivery locations. The algorithm adapts dynamically and employs multi-objective techniques to establish the Pareto frontier for each plan. Real-world testing in Barcelona, using actual data has shown promising results, providing potential scenarios to reduce CO2 emissions and improve delivery times. As such, this research offers an innovative and sustainable approach to UFD, that will contribute significantly to a greener future for cities.
Clinical incidence and relevance of incomplete endothelialization in atrial fibrillation patients with Left Atrial Appendage Closure
Authors: Zhu Jini , Wang Yanpeng , Li Meifang , Huang Dong , Li Shuai , Li Jingbo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study is to investigate the incidence, potential risk factors, and clinical outcomes of incomplete device endothelialization (IDE) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients undergoing Watchman left atrial appendage closure (LAAC).

Methods
In this study, 68 AF patients who underwent successful implantation of the Watchman device without peri-device leak (PDL) during follow-up were included. The endothelialization status was assessed using Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and LAA computed tomography angiography (CTA) at 6 weeks and 6 months post-implantation. Adverse cerebro-cardiac events were documented at one-year follow-up. Baseline characteristics, including age, device sizes, and clinical indicators, were analyzed as potential predictors for IDE.

Results
IDE was observed in 70.6% and 67.6% of patients at 6 weeks and 6 months after implantation, respectively. Higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [odds ratio (OR): 15.109, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.637-139.478, p = 0.017 and OR: 11.015, 95% CI: 1.365–88.896, p = 0.024] and lower aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (OR 0.924, 95% CI: 0.865–0.986, p = 0.017 and OR: 0.930, 95% CI: 0.874–0.990, p = 0.023) at baseline were found to be significantly associated with IDE at 6 weeks and 6 months, respectively, although no significant difference in adverse cerebro-cardiac events was noted between incomplete and complete DE groups during 1-year follow-up

Conclusions
IDE is found to be a prevalent occurrence in humans following LAAC. Elevated HDL-C and reduced AST levels are shown to be linked to an increased risk of IDE after LAAC
Test-enhanced learning in Neuroanesthesia for the First Year anesthetic residents: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Raksakietisak Manee , Lertsiripatarajit Vasu , Aroonpruksakul Naiyana , Plailaharn Narin , Raksamani Kasana 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Test enhancing learning (TEL) had shown a significant effect in promoting the learning of many learning contents. However, its effect on the postgraduate medical level was unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TEL in 1st year anesthesiology residents learning neuroanesthesia.

Method
The residents were randomized to either group A, which was assigned to do the intervention exam (exam A) for two times during learning in neuroanesthesia, or group B, which studied in the same environment without doing the exam. All participants were assigned to do the assessment exam (exam B) at one month after the end of the rotation. All of the exams were ten multiple choice questions (MCQ). Since the anesthesia residents rotated to neuroanesthesia for two weeks twice during the first year, we conducted the experiments twice, using exams that covered both basic science (BS) and clinical science (CS) topics.

Results
There was no significant difference in mean ± SD of the scores for assessment exams asking about the basic science topic (BS_B) [group A (5.25 ± 2.05) VS group B (4.90 ± 1.80); p = 0.570] and the clinical science topic (CS_B) [group A (6.30 ± 1.26) VS group B (5.95 ± 1.61); p = 0.448].

Conclusion
This study showed null findings on the effect of TEL on learning in residents of the first year of anesthesiology. More studies on TEL were required to confirm the effect of TEL and find the appropriate test format that could enhance learning for post-graduate medical trainees.
A mixed method study exploring similarities and differences in general and social services-specific barriers to treatment-seeking among individuals with a problematic use of alcohol, cannabis, or gambling
Authors: Schettini Greta , Lindner Philip , Ekström Veronica , Johansson Magnus 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The treatment gap for addictive disorders is one of the largest in health care. Several studies have investigated barriers to treatment for different addictive disorders, but very few studies conducted have explored whether the barriers differ depending on substance or behavior or if they are common among all addictive disorders. In Sweden, addiction care is provided both by the healthcare and social services, where the latter is common, but also less popular. To our knowledge, there are no studies exploring whether the barriers are different depending on where the treatment is given.

Aim
The aim was to thoroughly explore both which general and social services-specific barriers to treatment that are common, which barriers that differs, and how the barriers are described among individuals with a problematic use of alcohol, cannabis and/or gambling.

Method
A mixed method convergent parallel design was conducted. For the quantitative measures, surveys including the validated Barriers to Treatment Inventory as well as questions regarding barriers in the Swedish multi-provider landscape, were collected from individuals with a problematic use of alcohol (n = 207), cannabis (n = 51), and gambling (n = 37). In parallel, 17 semi-structured interviews from the same population were conducted and analyzed with thematic analysis. Thereafter, the quantitative and qualitative data was compared, contrasted, and at last, interpreted.

Results
The quantitative data showed that the largest general barriers in all groups were privacy concern and poor availability, and the largest barriers for seeking help from the social services was stigma, unawareness of what is offered, and fear of consequences for all groups. The qualitative data resulted in five general barriers: stigma, ambivalence, accessibility, fear of consequences, and lack of knowledge about addiction and its’ treatments, and three barriers specifically towards social services: social services reputation, fear of meeting acquaintances, and lack of knowledge. The themes were developed from data from all groups, but different aspects of the themes were mentioned by different groups.

Conclusion
There are details and aspects that differentiates both the general and social service-specific barriers to treatment between individuals with a problematic use of alcohol, cannabis, and gambling, but in large they perceive similar barriers.
Inhibition of IRP2-dependent reprogramming of iron metabolism suppresses tumor growth in colorectal cancer
Authors: Hwang Jieon , Park Areum , Kim Chinwoo , Kim Chang Gon , Kwak Jaesung , Kim Byungil , Shin Hyunjin , Ku Minhee , Yang Jaemoon , Baek Ayoung , Choi Jiwon , Lim Hocheol , No Kyoung Tai , Zhao Xianghua , Choi Uyeong , Kim Tae Il , Jeong Kyu-Sung , Lee Hyuk , Shin Sang Joon 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Dysregulation of iron metabolism is implicated in malignant transformation, cancer progression, and therapeutic resistance. Here, we demonstrate that iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2) preferentially regulates iron metabolism and promotes tumor growth in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods
IRP2 knockdown and knockout cells were generated using RNA interference and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 methodologies, respectively. Cell viability was evaluated using both CCK-8 assay and cell counting techniques. Furthermore, IRP2 inhibition was determined by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and RNA immunoprecipitation (IP). The suppressive effects of IRP2 were also corroborated in both organoid and mouse xenograft models, providing a comprehensive validation of IRP2’s role.

Results
We have elucidated the role of IRP2 as a preferential regulator of iron metabolism, actively promoting tumorigenesis within CRC. Elevated levels of IRP2 expression in patient samples are correlated with diminished overall survival, thereby reinforcing its potential role as a prognostic biomarker. The functional suppression of IRP2 resulted in a pronounced delay in tumor growth. Building on this proof of concept, we have developed IRP2 inhibitors that significantly reduce IRP2 expression and hinder its interaction with iron-responsive elements in key iron-regulating proteins, such as ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) and transferrin receptor (TFRC), culminating in iron depletion and a marked reduction in CRC cell proliferation. Furthermore, these inhibitors are shown to activate the AMPK-ULK1-Beclin1 signaling cascade, leading to cell death in CRC models.

Conclusions
Collectively, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting IRP2 to exploit the disruption of iron metabolism in CRC, presenting a strategic advancement in addressing a critical area of unmet clinical need.