bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of the conditional spectrum to incorporate record‐to‐record variability in simplified seismic assessment of RC wall buildings
Authors: Fox Matthew James , Sullivan Timothy John 
Published: October 2015

SummaryA procedure for incorporating record‐to‐record variability into the simplified seismic assessment of RC wall buildings is presented. The procedure relies on the use of the conditional spectrum to randomly sample spectral ordinates at relevant periods of vibration. For inelastic response, displacement reduction factors are then used to relate inelastic displacement demand to the spectral displacement at the effective period for single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems. Simple equations are used to convert back and forth between multi‐degree‐of‐freedom RC wall buildings and equivalent single‐degree‐of‐systems so that relevant engineering demand parameters can be obtained. Consideration is also given to higher‐mode effects by adapting existing modal combination rules. The proposed method is applied to several case study buildings, showing promising results in the examination of inter‐storey drift ratio and shear forces. The proposed method captures the variation in the distribution of structural response parameters that occurs with variations in structural configuration, intensity, engineering demand parameter of interest and site characteristics. Discussion is provided on possible ways to improve the accuracy of the procedure and suggestions for additional future work. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New guanidine‐containing nanocomposites impeding the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis 33 and the biofilm formation
Authors: Gorbunova Marina , Lemkina Larisa 
Published: October 2015

AbstractNew water‐soluble nanocomposites (AgNCs) based on Ag and copolymers of 2,2‐diallyl‐1,1,3,3‐tetraethylguanidiniumchloride with N‐vinylpyrrolidone [poly(AGC‐VP)] and vinylacetate [poly(AGC‐VA)] have been developed. Antibacterial action of new silver nanocomposites on S. epidermidis 33 (planctonic cells and biofilms) is reported in this study. AgNCs strongly inhibited biofilms formation of S. epidermidis 33. The viability of S. epidermidis 33 cells in biofilms was considerably reduced by new AgNCs. It has been shown that S. epidermidis 33 inactivation in biofilms occurs at AgNC concentrations > 5 times higher as compared to those inhibiting completely the planktonic cells. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 630–638, 2016.
Development and characterization of a rapid polymerizing collagen for soft tissue augmentation
Authors: Devore Dale , Zhu Jiaxun , Brooks Robert , McCrate Rebecca Rone , Grant David A. , Grant Sheila A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA liquid collagen has been developed that fibrilizes upon injection. Rapid polymerizing collagen (RPC) is a type I porcine collagen that undergoes fibrillization upon interaction with ionic solutions, such as physiological solutions. The ability to inject liquid collagen would be beneficial for many soft tissue augmentation applications. In this study, RPC was synthesized and characterized as a possible dermal filler. Transmission electron microscopy, ion induced RPC fibrillogenesis tests, collagenase resistance assay, and injection force studies were performed to assess RPC's physicochemical properties. An in vivo study was performed which consisted of a 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐month study where RPC was injected into the ears of miniature swine. The results demonstrated that the liquid RPC requires low injection force (<7 N); fibrillogenesis and banding of collagen occurs when RPC is injected into ionic solutions, and RPC has enhanced resistance to collagenase breakdown. The in vivo study demonstrated long‐term biocompatibility with low irritation scores. In conclusion RPC possesses many of the desirable properties of a soft tissue augmentation material. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 758–767, 2016.
Characterizing the degradation of alginate hydrogel for use in multilumen scaffolds for spinal cord repair
Authors: Shahriari Dena , Koffler Jacob , Lynam Daniel A. , Tuszynski Mark H. , Sakamoto Jeffrey S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAlginate was studied as a degradable nerve guidance scaffold material in vitro and in vivo. In vitro degradation rates were determined using rheology to measure the change in shear modulus vs time. The shear modulus decreased from 155 kPa to 5 kPa within 2 days; however, alginate samples maintained their superficial geometry for over 28 days. The degradation behavior was supported by materials characterization data showing alginate consisted of high internal surface area (400 m2/g), which likely facilitated the release of cross‐linking cations resulting in the rapid decrease in shear modulus. To assess the degradation rate in vivo, multilumen scaffolds were fabricated using a fiber templating technique. The scaffolds were implanted in a 2‐mm‐long T3 full transection rodent spinal cord lesion model for 14 days. Although there was some evidence of axon guidance, in general, alginate scaffolds degraded before axons could grow over the 2‐mm‐long lesion. Enabling alginate‐based scaffolds for nerve repair will likely require approaches to slow its degradation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 611–619, 2016.
The Use of p‐Aminobenzoic Acid as a Probe Substance for the Targeted Profiling of Glycine Conjugation
Authors: Nortje Carla , van der Sluis Rencia , van Dijk Alberdina Aike , Erasmus Elardus 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTGlycine conjugation facilitates the metabolism of toxic aromatic acids, capable of disrupting mitochondrial integrity. Owing to the high exposure to toxic substrates, characterization of individual glycine conjugation capacity, and its regulatory factors has become increasingly important. Aspirin and benzoate have been employed for this purpose; however, adverse reactions, aspirin intolerance, and Reye's syndrome in children are substantial drawbacks. The goal of this study was to investigate p‐aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as an alternative glycine conjugation probe. Ten human volunteers participated in a PABA challenge test, and p‐aminohippuric acid (PAHA), p‐acetamidobenzoic acid, and p‐acetamidohippuric acid were quantified in urine. The glycine N‐acyltransferase gene of the volunteers was also screened for two polymorphisms associated with normal and increased enzyme activity. All of the individuals were homozygous for increased enzyme activity, but excretion of PAHA varied significantly (16–56%, hippurate ratio). The intricacies of PABA metabolism revealed possible limiting factors and the potential of PABA as an indicator of Phase 0 biotransformation.
Mindfulness as a Protective Factor for the Burden of Caregivers of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients
Authors: Pagnini Francesco , Phillips Deborah , Bosma Colin M. , Reece Andrew , Langer Ellen 
Published: October 2015

ObjectivesCaregivers of people with severe chronic conditions, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are at risk of developing depression and anxiety and reduced quality of life. Few studies have explored protective factors in this population and none investigated the role of mindfulness. The study aimed to examine the relationship between mindfulness and health‐related outcomes in a population of ALS caregivers.MethodsWe conducted an online survey with ALS caregivers, and again at 4‐month follow‐up, to assess mindfulness, burden, quality of life, anxiety, and depression. The associations between mindfulness and the other outcomes were evaluated both cross‐sectionally and longitudinally.ResultsMindfulness correlated negatively with burden, depression, and anxiety and positively with quality of life, maintaining stability through time.ConclusionOur results showed that mindfulness is positively related to quality of life and negatively related to level of burden. We suggest that this construct can represent a preventative factor toward the negative effects of caregiving.
Robotic gastrectomy and esophagogastrectomy: A single center experience of 105 cases
Authors: Harrison Lawrence E. , Yiengpruksawan Anusak , Patel Jay , Itskovich Alex , Lee Benjamin , Korst Robert 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundA robotic approach to general surgery procedures may provide improved postoperative outcomes compared to either open or laparoscopic approaches. The role of robotics for gastroesophageal surgery, however, is still being evaluated.Study DesignA review of the prospective database for robotic surgery at Valley Hospital between January 2002 and March 2014 identified 105 patients who underwent robotic gastric and esophageal resection. Patient demographics and perioperative factors were studied.ResultsOver a 12 years period, 105 patients underwent robotic gastroesophageal resection. The median operative time for distal gastrectomy (230 min [112–327]) was significantly less compared to either total gastrectomy (302 min [214–364]) or esophagogastrectomy (309 min [190–682]). The length of stay for patients undergoing distal gastrectomy (6 days [4–32]) was also significantly less than patients undergoing total gastrectomy (11 days [7–43]), as well as esophagogastrectomy (9 days [5–64]). In regard to the learning curve to perform robotic gastroesophageal surgery, there was a significant correlation between operative time and overall experience.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that robotic gastroesophageal surgery is feasible and can be safely performed. Assuming familiarity with the open procedures and acquisition of basic robotic skills, the learning curve for robotic gastroesophageal surgery requires approximately 20 cases. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015;112:888–893. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
EPR Study of Backbiting in the Aqueous‐Solution Polymerization of Acrylamide
Authors: Kattner Hendrik , Buback Michael 
Published: October 2015

Via electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, the type of radicals occurring during acrylamide (AAm) homopolymerization in aqueous solution is investigated between −5 and +100 °C. The radicals are produced photochemically under stationary conditions. Midchain AAm radicals (MCRs) are clearly identified by EPR which demonstrates that secondary propagating AAm radicals (SPRs) undergo backbiting reactions. Above 50 °C, the fraction of MCRs even exceeds the one of SPRs. The extent of backbiting is however well below the one in butyl acrylate polymerization at identical temperature.
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One Pot Synthesis of a Polyisoprene Polyrotaxane and Conversion to a Slide‐Ring Gel
Authors: Kali Gergely , Eisenbarth Harley , Wenz Gerhard 
Published: October 2015

Synthesis of a cyclodextrin (CD) polyrotaxane is achieved for the first time by simultaneous free radical polymerization of isoprene, threading by CD, and stoppering by copolymerization of styrene. This reaction is performed in an eco‐friendly manner in an aqueous medium similar to classical emulsion polymerization. Threaded CD rings of the polyrotaxane are cross‐linked by hexamethylene diisocyanate, leading to highly elastic slide‐ring gels.
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Efficient modification of the myostatin gene in porcine somatic cells and generation of knockout piglets
Authors: Rao Shengbin , Fujimura Tatsuya , Matsunari Hitomi , Sakuma Tetsushi , Nakano Kazuaki , Watanabe Masahito , Asano Yoshinori , Kitagawa Eri , Yamamoto Takashi , Nagashima Hiroshi 
Published: October 2015

SUMMARYMyostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of myogenesis, and disruption of its function causes increased muscle mass in various species. Here, we report the generation of MSTN‐knockout (KO) pigs using genome editing technology combined with somatic‐cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Transcription activator‐like effector nuclease (TALEN) with non‐repeat‐variable di‐residue variations, called Platinum TALEN, was highly efficient in modifying genes in porcine somatic cells, which were then used for SCNT to create MSTN KO piglets. These piglets exhibited a double‐muscled phenotype, possessing a higher body weight and longissimus muscle mass measuring 170% that of wild‐type piglets, with double the number of muscle fibers. These results demonstrate that loss of MSTN increases muscle mass in pigs, which may help increase pork production for consumption in the future. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 61–70, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Management of apical compartment prolapse (uterine and vault prolapse): A FIGO Working Group report
Authors: Betschart Cornelia , Cervigni Mauro , Contreras Ortiz Oscar , Doumouchtsis Stergios K. , Koyama Masayasu , Medina Carlos , Haddad Jorge Milhem , la Torre Filippo , Zanni Giuliano 
Published: October 2015

AimApical prolapse includes descent of the uterus, vagina cuff, or rarely solely of the cervix. It is estimated that women have an 11–19% life‐time risk of undergoing surgery for POP. This rate is projected to increase over the next 2–3 decades. In this FIGO working group report we address the conservative and surgical treatment options for apical prolapse.MethodsThe FIGO working group “Pelvic Floor Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery” describes the different treatments for apical prolapse based on the literature evidence, the cost‐effectiveness, the degree of difficulty and summed them up with an experts recommendation.ResultsAmong the conservative treatment options, pessaries are the most successful options since centuries with a low complication rate and low costs. Among the vaginal operative procedures the sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) and the uterosacral ligament suspension (USLS) show comparable outcomes and efficacy with a different, however, rather low complication pattern and a favorable cost‐benefit profile. Sacrocolpopexy, independent on the open abdominal, laparoscopic, or robotic‐assisted laparoscopic technique has a good durability and quality of life performance. The minimal invasive techniques are as effective as the open abdominal techniques and there is no difference in mesh exposure.ConclusionVaginal procedures are well described procedures with favorable outcomes and cost‐benefit profiles. Sacral colpopexy has a high‐effectivity; data on the route of performance and long‐term outcome are awaited. The cost with mesh implants are higher compared to the operations with autologous tissue or any conservative treatment and further studies are recommended to evaluate the cure rates in the span of decades and the possible long‐term mesh complications. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:507–513, 2017. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outcome of Children with Standard‐Risk T‐Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia—Comparison among Different Treatment Strategies
Authors: Matloub Yousif , Stork Linda , Asselin Barbara , Hunger Stephen P. , Borowitz Michael , Jones Tamekia , Bostrom Bruce , Gastier‐Foster Julie M. , Heerema Nyla A. , Carroll Andrew , Winick Naomi , Carroll William L. , Camitta Bruce , Devidas Meenakshi , Gaynon Paul S. 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundChildren with T‐lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia ALL (T‐ALL) historically have had inferior outcomes compared with the children with precursor‐B ALL (B‐ALL). After 1995, the Children's Cancer Group (CCG) treated patients with B‐ and T‐ALL according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) risk criteria, basing risk stratification on age and white blood cell (WBC) count regardless of immunophenotype. The Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) treated all the patients with T‐ALL on separate, generally more intensive protocols than those used to treat the patients with B‐ALL.ProcedureWe compared the outcomes of children with T‐ALL and NCI standard‐risk (SR) criteria treated on CCG and POG trials between 1996 and 2005. CCG SR‐ALL 1952 and 1991 enrolled 80 and 86 patients with T‐ALL, respectively, utilizing a reduced intensity Berlin–Frankfurt–Münster backbone. Treatment was intensified for slow early responders and only patients with overt central nervous system leukemia received cranial irradiation. Eighty‐four patients with T‐ALL and SR features were enrolled on POG 9404 comprising more intensive therapy with all patients receiving cranial irradiation.ResultsThe 7‐year event‐free survival (EFS) for patients with SR T‐ALL on CCG 1952, CCG 1991, and POG 9404 were 74.1 ± 5.8%, 81.8 ± 5.3%, and 84.2 ± 4.3%, respectively (P = 0.18). Overall 7‐year survivals were 86.1 ± 4.6%, 88.3 ± 4.4%, 89.1 ± 3.6%, respectively (P = 0.84).ConclusionsComparable high rates of EFS and long‐term survival were achieved with all three regimens, with the CCG regimens utilizing a less intensive chemotherapy backbone without prophylactic cranial irradiation for patients with SR T‐ALL.
Impact of charge trapping on the ferroelectric switching behavior of doped HfO2
Authors: Pešić Milan , Slesazeck Stefan , Schenk Tony , Schroeder Uwe , Mikolajick Thomas 
Published: October 2015

In order to analyse the interplay between ferroelectric switching and parasitic charge trapping in ferroelectric doped hafnium oxide, a metal ferroelectric metal capacitor and grain boundary model is implemented in TCAD. In our study, we present how bulk traps inside the ferroelectric material, traps at the interface with the electrodes are impacting the ferroelectric switching behaviour. Switching peak splitting was observed experimentally, and reproduced by TCAD simulation. Furthermore, the influence of DC voltage stress on the switching behaviour is investigated experimentally and compared to the already known AC‐behaviour.DC stress of the FeCAP redistributes the charge within the device influencing the kinetics of the ferroelectric switching and causing the peak split.
Utility of indocyanine‐green fluorescent imaging during robot‐assisted sphincter‐saving surgery on rectal cancer patients
Authors: Kim Jin C. , Lee Jong L. , Yoon Yong S. , Alotaibi Abdulrahman M. , Kim Jihun 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundThere have been few studies describing the use of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescent imaging during robot‐assisted (RA) sphincter‐saving operations (SSOs) and assessing its potential role in reducing anastomotic leak (AL).MethodsA consecutive cohort of 436 rectal cancer patients who underwent curative RA SSOs were prospectively enrolled during 2010–2014, including 123 patients with ICG imaging (ICG+ group) and 313 patients without ICG imaging (ICG– group).ResultsICG imaging appeared to be helpful in identifying competent perfusion of the bowel adjacent to the anastomosis in 13 patients (10.6%) who might be susceptible to bowel ischaemia, including restrictive mesocolon. AL was remarkably greater in the ICG– group compared with the ICG+ group (5.4% vs 0.8%; p = 0.031).ConclusionsICG imaging during RA SSO provides accurate real‐time knowledge of the perfusion status at or near the anastomosis, specifically reducing AL in patients who may incur bowel ischaemia. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interaction between variants in CLU and MS4A4E modulates Alzheimer's disease risk
Authors: Ebbert Mark T.W. , Boehme Kevin L. , Wadsworth Mark E. , Staley Lyndsay A. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,   Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium, Mukherjee Shubhabrata , Crane Paul K. , Ridge Perry G. , Kauwe John S.K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroductionEbbert et al. reported gene‐gene interactions between rs11136000‐rs670139 (CLU‐MS4A4E) and rs3865444‐rs670139 (CD33‐MS4A4E). We evaluate these interactions in the largest data set for an epistasis study.MethodsWe tested interactions using 3837 cases and 4145 controls from Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium using meta‐analyses and permutation analyses. We repeated meta‐analyses stratified by apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status, estimated combined odds ratio (OR) and population attributable fraction (cPAF), and explored causal variants.ResultsResults support the CLU‐MS4A4E interaction and a dominant effect. An association between CLU‐MS4A4E and APOE ε4 negative status exists. The estimated synergy factor, OR, and cPAF for rs11136000‐rs670139 are 2.23, 2.45, and 8.0, respectively. We identified potential causal variants.DiscussionWe replicated the CLU‐MS4A4E interaction in a large case‐control series and observed APOE ε4 and possible dominant effect. The CLU‐MS4A4E OR is higher than any Alzheimer's disease locus except APOE ε4, APP, and TREM2. We estimated an 8% decrease in Alzheimer's disease incidence without CLU‐MS4A4E risk alleles and identified potential causal variants.
Acortamiento cubital. Contribución del sistema guiado para osteotomía y síntesis
Authors: Oteo J.A. , Benavente P. , Merino P. 
Published: October 2015

Objetivos: El acortamiento cubital es la técnica quirúrgica empleada más habitualmente para casos de impactación y dolor cubitocarpiano. Tradicionalmente el cúbito ha sido cortado sin guía y la osteosíntesis realizada con una placa no diseñada para esta intervención, pero han surgido sistemas que pretenden facilitar el trabajo al cirujano utilizando guías para la osteotomía y placas de compresión específicas, e intentar mejorar la evolución de los pacientes. El propósito de este estudio es determinar si con el uso de los sistemas guiados se consiguen mejorar los resultados de la técnica previa.Material y método: Entre 2004 y 2008 el acortamiento cubital se realizó en nuestro Centro sin utilizar una técnica guiada, a partir del 2008 se utilizó un sistema guiado. Se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo en 37 casos, 19 no guiados, 18 guiados, revisando el tiempo de duración de la cirugía, el rango de movimiento, el tiempo de consolidación y la retirada del material de osteosíntesis.Resultados: Tras realizar un análisis estadístico de los datos, se ha visto que hay una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en relación con la variable duración de la cirugía, siendo la cirugía guiada veinte minutos más corta que la no guiada. No se han visto diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los otros parámetros.Conclusión: En el acortamiento cubital el uso de los sistemas guiados para corte y osteosíntesis, consigue reducir el tiempo de la cirugía, sin ocasionar detrimento en los resultados en comparación con la técnica sin guía.
Pseudoartrosis y consolidaciones viciosas de falanges distales
Authors: Ferreres A. , Gómez M.A. , Gutiérrez R. 
Published: October 2015

Objetivo: Analizar los resultados obtenidos en el tratamiento quirúrgico de las pseudoartrosis y mala consolidación de falange distal.Material y método: Se revisaron las historias clínicas de tres pacientes que fueron tratados de una pseudoartrosis y uno de una mala consolidación de la falange distal. El tratamiento consistió en resecar el tejido fibroso, realizar un aporte de hueso esponjoso autólogo y una fijación interna con tornillos de minifragmentos. La vía de acceso varió en función de la localización de la lesión.Resultados: En todos los pacientes se obtuvo la consolidación y reanudaron sus actividades previas sin molestias.Conclusión: La pseudoartrosis y/o mala consolidación de falange distal puede solucionarse de forma efectiva mediante un apropiado abordaje quirúrgico, una fijación interna estable y aporte de injerto óseo autólogo.