bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular modelling of HLA‐B*35:132
Authors: Longhi E. , Crivello P. , Mantovani M. , Frison S. , Fleischhauer K. , Crespiatico L. , Piccolo G. , Poli F. 
Published: January 2014

SummaryHere we describe the molecular modelling of the new variant HLA‐B*35:132. This allele shows one mismatch with B*35:01:01:01 in exon 3 at position 575 where a T is substituted by a C, which implies an amino acidic change from Leucine to Proline. This seems not to alter the molecular structure and not to compromise the HLA complex and T‐cell receptor interaction.
Western Flower Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) Transmits Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus
Authors: Zhao Mingfu , Ho Honhing , Wu Yixin , He Yueqiu , Li Mengjiao 
Published: January 2014

AbstractMaize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) is one of the co‐infection pathogens that cause corn (maize) lethal necrosis, but the transmission mechanism of MCMV is not yet clear. In order to determine the ability of western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis; WFT) to transmit MCMV, imported maize seeds from Thailand were germinated in an insect‐free greenhouse and the seedlings were tested for the transmission by WFT of chlorotic mottle virus disease. The thrips (WFT), starved for 48 h then allowed to feed for 30 min on maize plants infected with MCMV or asymptomatic maize plants, were transferred to healthy seedlings. After 35 days, the seedlings with WFT from diseased maize plants showed chlorotic mottle symptoms, whereas seedlings with WFT from asymptomatic maize plants remained healthy. A single band of 711 bp was amplified by RT‐PCR using primers MCMV‐F/MCMV‐R from the MCMV‐infected plants and WFT collected from the diseased plants. Sequencing of the amplified product and further sequence comparison indicated that the two viruses from both sources showed 99% similarity of nucleotides and they should be regarded as identical. In addition, isometric particles c. 30 nm in diameter, characteristic of MCMV, were found in the WFT samples from diseased maize plants. Thus, it is concluded that WFT transmits MCMV. Our findings suggest that corn lethal necrosis disease can be controlled or minimized by the eradication of WFT from the field or greenhouses.
Study on the Effect of Concentration and Temperature on Rheological Properties of Whole Barley Flour Suspension by Using Mitschka Method
Authors: Kaur Sumeet , Das Madhusweta 
Published: January 2014

AbstractRheological behavior of cooked whole barley flour suspension (5–7 g/100 mL) was studied using Brookfield Digital Viscometer at four rpm (10, 20, 50 and 100), and for five temperatures (30, 35, 40, 45 and 50C). The suspension behaved as a shear‐thinning fluid and the power law model could satisfactorily describe the relationship between shear rate and shear stress with flow behavior index in the range of 0.49–0.74. The consistency coefficient was in the range of 0.20–2.08 Pa·sn and it varied inversely with temperature following Arrhenius equation, while a power law model was suitable for its direct relationship with concentration.Practical ApplicationsBarley is gaining importance in human food because of the presence of β‐glucans having beneficial effects on health. The study embodied in the present work gives the idea of viscosity of whole barley flour suspension for different concentrations, temperatures and shear rates. Information on these parameters and a model relating them are important attributes required in preparation, quality control and equipment design for barley‐based soups.
Exploration and classification of intensive care nurses' clinical decisions: a Greek perspective
Authors: Karra Vassiliki , Papathanassoglou Elizabeth D. , Lemonidou Chryssoula , Sourtzi Panayota , Giannakopoulou Margarita 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTAimThe recording, identification, coding and classification of clinical decisions by intensive care nurses.BackgroundClinical decision‐making is an essential dimension of nursing practice as through this process nurses make choices to meet the goals of patient care. Intensive care nurses' decision‐making has received attention because of the complexity and urgency associated with it, however, the types of nurses' clinical decisions have not been described systematically.MethodsQualitative content analysis of daily diaries of clinical decisions recorded during nursing work by 23 purposefully selected intensive care nurses from three major hospitals of Greece. The process of data collection and analysis continued until the point of theoretical saturation.FindingsEight categories of nursing clinical decisions emerged including decisions related to: (1) evaluation, (2) diagnosis, (3) prevention, (4) intervention, (5) communication with patients, (6) clinical information seeking, (7) setting of clinical priorities and (8) communication with health care professionals. Psychological assessment and support decisions were scarce, whereas patient input in care decisions appeared to be limited. The most frequent types of decisions were regarding intervention (29%), evaluation (25%) and clinical setting of priorities (17%), while clinical information seeking (3%) and communication with patients decisions (2%) were the least frequent. Additionally, recorded decisions were ranked in order of degree of urgency and of dependency on medical order. Non‐urgent decisions were 78% of the total and 60% of nurses' intervention decisions were independent of medical order and were related to basic nursing care.ConclusionsIntensive care nurses make multiple decisions that seem to be in line with the nursing process, although the latter is not officially implemented in Greek ICUs.Relevance to clinical practiceThe types and frequency of clinical decisions made by intensive care nurses are related to features of ICU work environment, their professional autonomy and accountability, as well as their perceptions of their clinical role.
Restricting Kidney Transplant Wait‐Listing for Obese Patients: Let's Stop Defending the Indefensible
Authors: Kovesdy Csaba P. , Molnar Miklos Z. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe allocation of limited medical resources represents an ethical dilemma that continues to generate lively debates. While the allocation of allografts to wait‐listed patients is done in a transparent manner, with its rules open to public debate and prone to continuous improvement, the practice of wait‐listing is not centrally regulated, and its rules are often less scrutinized. Denial of kidney transplant wait‐listing to obese individuals has been a common practice by most transplant centers. On the face of it, this practice is justified by commonly accepted ethical standards, yet there is now mounting evidence that these justifications do not withstand closer scrutiny. A candid and open debate in the Nephrology and Transplant community is needed to examine the true motivations that underlie the practice of denying wait‐listing to obese individuals, and to find a solution that is truly in the best interest of our patients.
Systems Dynamics in Endocytosis
Authors: Fürthauer Maximilian , Smythe Elizabeth 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe endocytic system acts at the crossroads of different cellular activities to play a central role in the regulation of cell signaling and membrane dynamics. An European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) conference held in October 2013 in Villars‐sur‐Ollon gathered researchers from all over the world to present their latest findings on the endolysosomal system and identify major challenges for the future. The conference covered the entire spectrum of research in this rapidly evolving field ranging from the cellular mechanics of endocytosis to the role of proteins and lipids in the biogenesis and function of endolysosomal organelles and the analysis of higher order system properties in multicellular contexts. In particular, the meeting highlighted current efforts to complement the insights that can be gained by biochemical and cell biological approaches with the use of quantitative biophysics, systems biology and animal model systems to achieve an integrated view of the properties of the endomembrane system and its role in cellular information processing.
Neuromuscular and Metabolic Responses to High-Intensity Intermittent Cycling Protocols With Different Work-to-Rest Ratios
Authors: Nicolò Andrea , Bazzucchi Ilenia , Lenti Mauro , Haxhi Jonida , di Palumbo Alessandro Scotto , Sacchetti Massimo 
Published: January 2014

Purpose:To investigate the effects of work-to-rest-ratio manipulation on neuromuscular and metabolic responses during 2 high-intensity intermittent training (HIT) protocols to exhaustion. Since different exercise durations were expected, the authors hypothesized that the protocol registering a longer duration would have a more pronounced effect on neuromuscular responses, while the other would challenge the cardiopulmonary system more.Methods:Thirteen competitive cyclists (age 19 ± 2 y) performed a preliminary incremental test to identify their maximal power output and 2 intermittent protocols to exhaustion (40:20s and 30:30s) at a fixed work rate of 135%Pmax interspersed by passive recovery. Surface electromyographic (sEMG) parameters (including muscle-fiber conduction velocity), cardiopulmonary parameters, and blood lactate concentration [La−] were recorded.Results:Time to exhaustion and total work were significantly higher for the 30:30s (38 ± 13 min, 495 ± 161 kJ) than for the 40:20s (10 ± 3 min, 180 ± 51 kJ). No differences were found in sEMG parameters for the 2 protocols. Mean and peak values of VO2, heart rate, ventilatory parameters (except for the peak value of respiratory frequency), and [La−] were significantly higher in the 40:20s than in the 30:30s.Conclusions:These results do not support the hypothesis that a longer time spent at high intensity has a more pronounced effect on neuromuscular responses, as no differences in EMG parameters were found in the 2 HIT protocols. Regarding metabolic responses, while the 40:20s led to maximal values of VO2, [La−], and ventilatory parameters within a few minutes, the 30:30s allowed maintenance of moderately high values for a considerably longer period, especially for [La−] and ventilatory parameters.
Variability and Predictability of Performance Times of Elite Cross-Country Skiers
Authors: Spencer Matt , Losnegard Thomas , Hallén Jostein , Hopkins Will G. 
Published: January 2014

Analyses of elite competitive performance provide useful information for research and practical applications.Purpose:Here the authors analyze performance times of cross-country skiers at international competitions (World Cup, World Championship, and Olympics) in classical and free styles of women’s and men’s distance and sprint events, each with a total of 410–569 athletes competing in 1–44 races at 15–25 venues from seasons 2002 to 2011.Methods:A linear mixed model of race times for each event provided estimates of within-athlete race-to-race variability expressed as a coefficient of variation (CV) after adjustment for fixed or random effects of snow conditions, altitude, race length, and competition terrain.Results:Within-athlete variability was similar for men and women over various events for all athletes (CV of 1.5–1.8%) and for the annual top-10 athletes (1.1–1.4%). Observed effects of snow conditions and altitude on mean time were substantial (~2%) but mostly unclear, owing to large effects of terrain (CV of 4–10% in top-10 analyses). Predictability of performance was extremely high for all athletes (intraclass correlations of .90–.96) but only trivial to poor for top-10 athletes (men .00–.03, women .03–.35).Conclusion:The race-to-race variability of top-ranked skiers is similar to that of other elite endurance athletes. Estimates of the smallest worthwhile performance enhancement (0.3× within-athlete variability) will help researchers and practitioners evaluate strategies affecting performance of elite skiers.
Beta Interferon Regulation of Glucose Metabolism Is PI3K/Akt Dependent and Important for Antiviral Activity against Coxsackievirus B3
Authors: Burke J. D. , Platanias L. C. , Fish E. N. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTAn effective type I interferon (IFN)-mediated immune response requires the rapid expression of antiviral proteins that are necessary to inhibit viral replication and virus spread. We provide evidence that IFN-β regulates metabolic events important for the induction of a rapid antiviral response: IFN-β decreases the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), coincident with an increase in intracellular ATP. Our studies reveal a biphasic IFN-β-inducible uptake of glucose by cells, mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, and IFN-β-inducible regulation of GLUT4 translocation to the cell surface. Additionally, we provide evidence that IFN-β-regulated glycolytic metabolism is important for the acute induction of an antiviral response during infection with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). Last, we demonstrate that the antidiabetic drug metformin enhances the antiviral potency of IFN-β against CVB3 bothin vitroandin vivo. Taken together, these findings highlight an important role for IFN-β in modulating glucose metabolism during a virus infection and suggest that the use of metformin in combination with IFN-β during acute virus infection may result in enhanced antiviral responses.IMPORTANCEType I interferons (IFN) are critical effectors of an antiviral response. These studies describe for the first time a role for IFN-β in regulating metabolism—glucose uptake and ATP production—to meet the energy requirements of a robust cellular antiviral response. Our data suggest that IFN-β regulates glucose metabolism mediated by signaling effectors similarly to activation by insulin. Interference with IFN-β-inducible glucose metabolism diminishes the antiviral response, whereas treatment with metformin, a drug that increases insulin sensitivity, enhances the antiviral potency of IFN-β.
Lifestyle Factors and the Risk of a Second Breast Cancer after Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Authors: McLaughlin Vicki Hart , Trentham-Dietz Amy , Hampton John M. , Newcomb Polly A. , Sprague Brian L. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Background: Little information exists on lifestyle factors that affect prognosis after treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) breast cancer. Improved understanding of the role of lifestyle factors is important to survivors wishing to reduce their risk of a second breast cancer diagnosis.
Methods: We examined the association between body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and alcohol intake, and risk of a second breast cancer diagnosis among 1,925 DCIS survivors in the Wisconsin In Situ Cohort. Exposures were self-reported during biennial patient interviews. Second breast cancer diagnoses were validated via pathology report. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the association between prediagnosis, postdiagnosis, and change in exposure levels and the risk of a second diagnosis, with adjustment for patient, tumor, and treatment factors.
Results: Over a mean of 6.7 years of follow-up, 162 second breast cancer diagnoses were reported, including 57 invasive events, 60 in situ events, and 45 diagnoses of unknown stage. A significant trend of increasing risk of a second diagnosis was found over increasing categories of postdiagnosis alcohol intake (Ptrend = 0.02). Among premenopausal women, increased prediagnosis BMI was associated with a reduced risk of a second diagnosis (HR = 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.88–0.99).
Conclusion: DCIS survivors may reduce their risk of a second diagnosis by reducing postdiagnosis alcohol consumption.
Impact: The population of DCIS survivors is projected to surpass one million by the year 2016. Our results suggest that these women may be able to reduce their risk of a second diagnosis through moderation of alcohol consumption. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(3); 450–60. ©2014 AACR.
College students’ perceptions of the importance of sexual assault prevention education: Suggestions for targeting recruitment for peer-based education
Authors: Jozkowski Kristen N , Henry Dayna S , Sturm Ashley A 
Published: January 2014

Introduction: Sexual assault continues to be a pervasive health issue among college students in the USA. Prevention education initiatives have been implemented to address this concern. However, little is known about college students’ perceptions of such programming. The purpose of this study was to assess predictors of college students’ perceptions of the importance of sexual assault prevention education for themselves and for college students in general. Methods: We recruited college students ( n = 252) from undergraduate classes at a medium-sized, mid-western university to participate in a closed-ended, paper-and-pencil survey. Results: The majority of participants perceived sexual assault prevention education as important for themselves (88.7%) and for college students in general (97.1%). Several characteristics emerged as predictors of students’ perceptions of the importance of sexual assault prevention education programmes. Discussion: Gender and age were significant predictors of students’ perceptions of the personal importance in experiencing sexual assault prevention education. Gender, age, participation in a student organisation and previous experience of sexual assault emerged as significant predictors of students’ perception of the general importance of sexual assault prevention education. Conclusion: Sexual assault prevention educators could seek out specific individuals whom think prevention education is important, in order to involve them in prevention efforts as peer-educators.
To be motivated or only comply – patients’ views of hypertension care after consultation training for nurses
Authors: Drevenhorn Eva , Bengtson Ann , Kjellgren Karin I 
Published: January 2014

Objective: This paper reports on patients’ perspectives on the nurse management of hypertension following consultation training, elicited as part of a randomised controlled study. Method: Telephone interviews were conducted with 16 patients in an intervention group (IG) and eight patients in a control group (CG), 3 years after nurses’ consultation training in primary health care. By means of a 3-day course, nurses were educated in patient centredness, Motivational Interviewing, the Stages of Change model, guidelines for cardiovascular prevention, lifestyle changes and pharmacological treatment. In addition, they took part in video-recorded consultation training with simulated patients. A specially designed educational booklet was developed for patients in the IG. Results: Of the 16 patients in the IG, 13 reported that their views and former experiences were taken into account and all eight patients in the CG reported the same. Patients in the IG reported that the nurse listened and they had been guided and motivated to perform lifestyle changes. The booklet in the IG was reported to have been read several times, but a few patients did not remember receiving it. There were more informed thoughts about how to manage lifestyle in the IG. Patients in the CG were less detailed in their descriptions. Conclusion: Patients in both IG and CG reported to have made efforts to change lifestyle, and patients in the IG reported that they had been coached and motivated by their nurses to do so.
Drug interactions with sunitinib
Authors: Bilbao-Meseguer Idoia , Jose Begoña San , Lopez-Gimenez Leocadio R , Gil Maria A , Serrano Laura , Castaño Mikel , Sautua Saioa , Basagoiti Amaya De , Belaustegui Ainhoa , Baza Beatriz , Baskaran Zuriñe , Bustinza Alazne 
Published: January 2014

Purpose Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor, advanced renal cell carcinoma, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The aim of this article is to describe the pharmacological interactions between sunitinib and commonly prescribed drugs. Method We reviewed available information on pharmacological interactions between sunitinib and concomitantly prescribed drugs. Drugs were grouped into different therapeutic groups according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification. Results Sunitinib interacts with CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors and with P-glycoprotein and ABCG2 substrates. Pharmacodynamic interactions with drugs have also been found. Conclusion Current information on drug interactions between sunitinib and other drugs is scarce and most of the times it is difficult to apply to clinical practice. Even so, this difficulty in managing drug interactions should not be a reason to ignore them as they can help to explain intolerances and treatment failures.
Text as Song: The Oral Aspirations of Anghelos Sikelianos
Authors: Ekdawi Sarah 
Published: January 2014

‘Any poem or poet worthy of the name must liberate the pure creative force of the human voice.’‘The whole of Ancient Greek civilization is a product of poetic utterance: Homer sang; Pindar declaimed; Aeschylus spoke out from behind masks.’‘Ancient texts — Homer, Hesiod, oracles, Orphic writings and so forth — gradually became the voice of the people.’These statements were made by Sikelianos in a talk entitled “O which he delivered in 1938, and in which he postulates a historical progression from text to voice, rather than the reverse process. They are the statements of a literate poet writing in a literate age, but delighting, at the same time, in the ability of radio to ‘reassert the spell of orality’ (Havelock 1986: 31). They subvert the idea of literacy as progress and propose, in its place, an ideal of post-textual orality. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between such statements and the poetry of Sikelianos.
Britain’s central role in the search for an international peacekeeping force for Cyprus, 1963-64
Authors: Ker-Lindsay James 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis work examines the way in which the British, Greek and Turkish Governments established a peacekeeping force, the Joint Truce Force, in Cyprus in December 1963 and how the United Kingdom, aided by the United States, subsequently handled the creation of a replacement international peacekeeping force. Although the United Kingdom did everything in its power to keep peacekeeping efforts under its own control for as long as possible, when this was no longer feasible it tried to create a NATO-based peacekeeping force. This was opposed by the (Greek Cypriot) Government of Cyprus which favoured a United Nations peacekeeping force. Given the tensions between the British Government and the Government of Cyprus over which of these two international bodies should be responsible for peacekeeping it is strange that the United Kingdom never took seriously Greek Cypriot calls to have the Commonwealth considered as an alternative to the other two. This work examines these processes and analyses why the United Kingdom favoured NATO, opposed the UN and to all intents and purposes ignored the Commonwealth.
A glimpse of Cavafy at work
Authors: Hirst Anthony 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis article takes as its starting point Savidis’ description of certain manuscripts of published and unpublished poems written by Cavafy between 1885 and 1904, manuscripts which evidently once formed a unity. Examples of manuscripts containing two or more poems are considered, in order to show how a chronological sequence of poems on unnumbered pages was reorganized by Cavafy, with the addition of page numbers, to form a thematic sequence. (This is compared to Cavafy’s later practice of progressively transferring poems from chronological to thematic collections.) A third stage is noted involving the dispersal and partial destruction of the manuscripts.