bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Smoking on Dental Caries and Gingival Health Among Dental Student in The College of Dentistry / Tikrit University/ Iraq
Authors: T. Hamid Hind 
Published: July 2024

Smoking has a negative impact on overall health including oral health causing dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, calculus and other effects.
Aim of study: This study was conducted to assess correlation between cigarette smoking and oral health condition among dental student in college of dentistry/ Tikrit university.
Material and Methods: Students (male only) from Tikrit university were selected on a random basis, after consent form has been obtained from participants. They were divided into two groups, smoking and nonsmoking groups. Dental caries experience was diagnosed and scored according to the index of DMFs (WHO).
Results: In the present study dental caries and mean value of (PI, GI, Cal) index were higher among smoking students than non-smoking group.
Conclusion: According to our findings in the current study, smoking had an effect on dental caries and gingivitis, as smoking dental students had higher levels of dental caries and gingivitis than nonsmokers.
The Effects of Air Abrasive Polishing on the Release of Iron Ions from Various Orthodontic Arch Wires (Stainless Steel and Nickel Titanium)
Authors: Ali Mohammed Mohanad , Issa Saleem Alan 
Published: July 2024

Orthodontic treatment with has been increasingly demanded. However, when using fixed appliances for orthodontic treatment, oral hygiene is compromised, and there is a higher chance of developing dental stains, plaque-related diseases, and corrosion-related problems. Air abrasive polishing had a superior effect over the conventional method in removing dental deposits, however, its effect on corrosion process was not investigated thoroughly in details. This study designed to assess the effects of air polishing onion release and surface micromorphology of stainless steel and Nickel titanium arch wires. A total of 288 ( stainless-steel , coated stainless steel , Nickel titanium and coated Nickel titanium rectangular arch wires ) of one brand ( The Ultimate Wire) ™ From IOS (International Orthodontic Services, Stafford, USA), (0.016 * 0.022 ) were subjected to varying air abrasion polishing periods (5, 10, and 20 seconds), after which they were immersed in artificial saliva with a pH of 6.75 and incubated at 37°C for 28 days. Ion release was measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer at 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days. The cumulative effect was then calculated. After polishing the chosen sample, corrosion and surface changes were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The significant difference between the analysed groups was found using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the LSD test, with a significance level of p 0.05. The results revealed that all types of arch wire showed a significant amount of release in the tested ions and the amounts of nickel and iron ions released was higher than chromium ion. Additionally, the longer the polishing time the higher the number of ions release that’s yields the level of significance, air abrasion polishing increased surface roughness and surface pits and crevices.It may be concluded that the air polishing method enhanced the amount of ion release to a subtoxic level and could be employed in adult patients with a lengthy time between visits.This study was performed to:1. Evaluate the effect of calcium carbonate airborne particles abrasion with different polishing times 5, 10 and 20 seconds on (Fe) ions release from orthodontic arch wires. 2. Assess the surface micromorphology of orthodontic arch wires after air polishing procedure.
Additive Manufacturing Technologies in Dentistry (A Review)
Authors: Azat Abdulkareem Maryam , M.W. Al-Shamma Abdulla 
Published: July 2024

Background: Significant advancements have been observed in the additive manufacturing (AM) technology industry in recent decades. Due to the inherent variations among each AM manufacturing technique, new areas of investigation continually arise and require consideration. Additionally, the novel applications of additive manufacturing present new difficulties and possibilities for targeted focus. The aim of this manuscript is to conduct a comprehensive literature review that describes the various processing methods, precision levels, types of materials utilized, and potential applications of 3D printing technology in the field of dentistry. Data: An online search was conducted on databases including Research Gate, Google Scholar, and PubMed to identify potential applications of AM technologies in the dental industry. The most relevant studies on the subject were selected, including English-language articles published between 2006 and 2022.
Conclusion: It is feasible to incorporate a variety of AM techniques in dentistry, which has led to improved workflow and acceptable clinical results. Moreover, the different technologies of 3D printing have a broad array of potential applications, enabling the development of novel and optimized techniques to produce dental products.
An In-Vitro Study of the Cytotoxicity of Chitosan Nanoparticles-Containing Orthodontic Primer
Authors: R. Mohammed Rawnaq , A. Rafeeq Reem 
Published: July 2024

Background: Demineralization is an anticipated side effect of fixed orthodontic treatment. Incorporating antimicrobial compounds into orthodontic adhesive material may be an effective method for averting white spots. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of an orthodontic primer modified with varying quantities of chitosan nanoparticles. Materials and methods: 0%, 1%, 5%, and 10% concentrations of Chitosan nanoparticles have been combined with Transbond TM XT primer. Three discs of eight millimeters in diameter and two millimeters in thickness were constructed for each group, for a total of twelve discs. Results: included the application of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to confirm the Nano powder's properties. The data was statistically examined using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the results indicated statistically non-significant differences between groups (p˃0.05).
In conclusion, the addition of chitosan nanoparticles to the orthodontic adhesive system's primer exhibited an acceptable level of cytotoxicity and was within the appropriate ISO limits (70% cell viability).
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE, DAN KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PAJAK PADA PERUSAHAAN INDUSTRI SEKTOR PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2019-2021
Authors: Suci Maulina Susanto  
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh profitabilitas, leverage, dan kepemilikan manajerial terhadap agresivitas pajak. Populasi yang digunakan yaitu perusahaan industri sektor pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia 2019- 2021. Penentuan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda, dan untuk pengolahan data menggunakan SPSS versi 26. Penelitian ini memperoleh hasil bahwa profitabilitas berpengaruh negatif secara signifikan terhadap agresivitas pajak. Sedangkan leverage dan kepemilikan manajerial tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terdahap agresivitas pajak. Dan berdasarkan uji simultan menunjukkan profitabilitas, leverage, dan kepemilikan manajerial berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap agresivitas pajak.
PENGARUH PRESSURE, OPPORTUNITY, DAN RATIONALIZATION TERHADAP PERILAKU KECURANGAN AKADEMIK YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI PADA PERKULIAHAN ONLINE (Studi Empiris Pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Akuntansi Perguruan Tinggi Swasta Kota Surabaya)
Authors: Rosalind Cahya Dianti  , Alberta Esti Handayani  
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji Pengaruh Pressure, Opportunity, dan Rationalization Terhadap Perilaku Kecurangan Akademik yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa Akuntansi Perguruan Tinggi Swasta Kota Surabaya pada perkuliahan online. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data primer, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakkan kuesioner dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa Opportunity dan Rationalization berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Perilaku Kecurangan Akademik. Sedangkan Pressure tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Perilaku Kecurangan Akademik pada perkuliahan online.
Association of LDLR Gene Polymorphism with the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in End-Stage Kidney Disease Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Osman Enas Ahmed , Shawky Hanan , Abbas Rania Mohammed , Metwaly Amna Ahmed , Ibrahim Anas Hassan , Khanany Farida Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Background
The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) is essential for regulating intracellular cholesterol levels. Mutations in the LDLR gene can cause a increase in LDL cholesterol levels in the blood, elevating the vulnerability to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study evaluated the correlation between the LDLR rs688 polymorphism and CVD risk in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Materials and Methods
Polymorphism in this case-control study was genotyped using the TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction in a cohort of 100 CKD patients (Group I) and 100 healthy controls (Group II). We examined the LDLR rs688 allele and genotype distribution in 50 CKD cases with CVD and 50 cases without CVD.

Results
There was a significantly greater frequency of CT variant of LDL SNP rs688 in Group I than in Group II (p = 0.006). CT and TT genotypes were significantly higher in CKD patients with CVD, with odds ratios (ORs) (95% CI) of 4.3 (1.6–11.8, p = 0.004) and 7.6 (2.3–24.8, p = 0.001), respectively.

Conclusion
SNP rs688 C>T detection in the LDLR gene showed that CT and TT genotypes are associated with elevated CVD risk in CKD.
ANALYSIS OF THE CONTEMPORARY STATUS OF THE VORONEZH LABOR MARKET AND THE TRENDS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Колесникова О.А. , Львович К.И. 
Published: July 2024

В статье анализируется современное состояние рынка труда и сферы занятости г. Воронежа, проводится сравнение с другими городами Российской Федерации: Ростовом, Волгоградом, Нижним Новгородом, Белгородом и Липецком. Выявлено, что развитие рынка труда городского округа происходит в соответствии с общими для всех них трендами: снижается уровень безработицы, рассчитанный по методологии МОТ, наблюдается устойчивая динамика сокращения безработных как на полном, так и регистрируемом сегменте рынка труда. В области доходов населения отмечены в целом положительные тенденции, однако некоторые из них не приняли устойчивого характера. Отмечается, что основные индикаторы сферы труда и занятости в г. Воронеже демонстрируют положительную динамику. Значительного отставания от показателей других городов Российской Федерации не выявлено.
The article analyzes the current state of the labor market and employment in Voronezh, compared with other cities of the Russian Federation: Rostov, Volgograd, Nizhny Novgorod, Belgorod and Lipetsk. It is revealed that the development of the labor market of the urban district is in accordance with the trends common to all of them: the unemployment level calculated on the basis of the ILO methodology is decreasing; there is a stable dynamics of the decrease in the unemployed both in the full and registered segment of the labor market. In general, positive trends were noted in the area of household incomes, but some of them did not become sustainable. It is noted that the main indicators of the sphere of labor and employment in Voronezh demonstrate positive dynamics. Significant lag behind the indicators of other cities of the Russian Federation was not revealed.
Constructing Complex Words in the Dictionary of Ghazi
Authors: Ali Dilbreen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Constructing Complex Words in the Dictionary of Ghazi
In linguistics; there are various ways to increase vocabularies in dictionary. One of the ways to increase words is called the complex method. Complex words have not been studied until now in Kurdish language. The study is entitled ``Constructing Complex Words in the Dictionary of Ghazi``. It is a bilingual (Kurdish- Arabic) and (Arabic- Kurdish) dictionary. Throughout this research, the researcher tries to show the constructing complex words that have been used in the Kurdish and Arabic language via certain rules.
The research utilizes the qualitative method; this research is of immense significance because it has not been conducted enough in Kurdish language especially in the Bahdini Kurdish dictionary. The purpose of this study is revealing how the rules of the complex words were composed or constructed in the dictionary. In addition to that, the study concentrates on divulging the rate of the rules used in constructing the complex words. In other words, the researcher will confirm how each rule for the constructed complex words have been put into use, and he will also show the percentage of these words. The newness of the title of the research is the chief research problem. Hence the researcher will attempt to display the complex words and their rules as well as their percentage in his research, therefore; the results will be unfolded accordingly.

Key words: Words, derivation, percentage, Ghazi dictionary, constructing, complex.
Educação das relações étnico-raciais e formação inicial de professoras/es: questões para o currículo
Authors: Bispo Anderson da Silva 
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo expressa o compromisso com a educação das relações étnico-raciais (ERER) na educação escolar, interrogando sobre a formação inicial de professoras e professores para a educação básica. A partir da experiência como professor de História no Ensino Fundamental e Médio, questionamos como ocorre a qualificação dos docentes para lidar pedagogicamente com situações de discriminação racial e para valorizar a diversidade racial e cultural presente na escola. Analisamos ementas de dois cursos de graduação de uma universidade pública do estado (Universidade de Pernambuco - UPE) que nos permitiu captar o desafio curricular destas reconstruírem-se como espaço educativo e mobilizarem forças por uma pedagogia antirracista. Considera-se, pois, que a formação de professoras/es é um dos processos formativos estratégicos sobre os quais movimentos sociais, educadoras/es antirracistas e seus aliados devem manter permanente vigília político-pedagógica em defesa da educação das relações étnico-raciais.
Development Of Interactive Multimedia Based On Google Site For English Class
Authors: Juliani Juliani , Sitompul Harun , Simbolon Naeklan 
Published: July 2024

This research aims to: (1) produce interactive multimedia learning based on Google Site that is suitable for use in teaching and learning. (2) Produce practical and easy-to-learn interactive multimedia learning based on Google Site. (3) Determine the effectiveness of interactive multimedia based on Google Site. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) study using the ADDIE model. The study was conducted on 10th-grade students of State Islamic Senior High School 1 in Langkat. The method used in this model is Quasi-Experimental. The research sample consisted of 72 students, with 36 students as the experimental group taught using interactive multimedia based on Google Site and 36 students as the control group taught using picture media. The results of the study prove that there is a significant difference between the English learning outcomes of students taught using interactive multimedia based on Google Site and those taught using picture media. This is indicated by the obtained data, where the significance value obtained is 0.003. The significance value (sig) < 0.05, thus is rejected and is accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that interactive multimedia based on Google Site is better than picture media.
Desmitificando el uso de neuromitos en la educación
Authors: Grasselli de Lima Diego 
Published: July 2024

n los últimos años, la neurociencia viene ganando cada vez más relevancia en el ámbito educativo. Con el acceso a internet, la cantidad de información es cada vez mayor y no contar con el conocimiento necesario para discriminarla, puede generar la proliferación de neuromitos. En este contexto, se plantea la necesidad de abordar el problema de la proliferación de premisas falsas sobre la composición y las funciones del cerebro, en el ámbito educativo. El objetivo principal de este ensayo de revisión teórica es explicar las fundamentaciones que han dado origen a los neuromitos y mostrar los argumentos científicos que permiten desmitificarlos, como el de la dominancia de un hemisferio y el que afirma que el cerebro solo usa el 10 % de su capacidad. Así, se analizará el posible origen de cada uno, en atención a identificar las bases poco científicas que los sostienen, además de aclarar su real significado. Estudios de neuroimagen han demostrado que ambos hemisferios del cerebro están activamente involucrados en la mayoría de las tareas cognitivas, lo cual desmiente la teoría de la dominancia hemisférica. Asimismo, investigaciones en neurociencia han revelado que prácticamente todas las áreas del cerebro tienen alguna función activa, lo cual refuta la idea de que solo utilizamos un 10 % de nuestra capacidad cerebral. Como conclusión, se destaca la importancia de afianzar la formación docente en neurociencia a través de institutos calificados y mediante el diseño de programas de estudio validados por la comunidad científica, de modo que se evite caer en cursos con débiles fundamentos científicos. Particularmente, integrar la neurociencia en la formación inicial de educadores es crucial para derribar creencias erróneas, arraigadas en las prácticas docentes.
Dance Learning in Children with Special Needs Autism Pk-Plk Center at Extraordinary School (SLB) Cendana Pekanbaru City, Riau Province
Authors: Enjelina Selvia Frety Yunia , Efi Agusti 
Published: July 2024

Eduction is a need of every human being, both normal and special needs, as stated in the national education system (Law No. 20 of 2003 article 5 paragraph (1) where it is stated that every citizen has the right to obtain a quality education, as a social creature human beings must be able to interact with their environment, especially with fellow humans. In carrying out this interaction, it also requires a medium of interaction in the form of communication both verbally (verbally) and non-verbally. The purpose of this research is how to describe the problems faced by teachers in teaching dance material to children with autism disorders at the SMALB level at the PK-PLK Center of SLB Cendana, Pekanbaru City, Riau Province. Also describes the strategies carried out by teachers in carrying out the learning process of dance material in children with Autism disorders, The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with the process of searching and compiling systematically based on (observation) interviews, compiling into a pattern of choosing data to be used as conclusions, collecting data on lesson problems faced by teachers in children with special needs, strategies and tips carried out by teachers and how teachers teach dance to children with special needs so that in this study add understanding of learning and dealing with children with special needs at SMALB Sentra PK-PLK SLB Cendana Pekanbaru City, Riau Province.
Pengaruh Brand Experience dan Brand Image terhadap Brand Loyalty dengan Brand Trust sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Riyanto Fauzi Andhi 
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Brand Experience and Brand Image on Brand Loyalty on Culinary Products Sate Kambing Mas in Kartasura with Brand Trust as an intervening variable in Solo Raya. The research method is explanatory research. In this study, the authors used a quantitative assessment method. This study uses a population of people in Solo Raya who have bought products at Sate Kambing "Mas Di" Kartasura. The data analysis technique in this study used Partial Least Square (PLS) with the help of SmartPLS software. The results of this study Brand experience variables have a positive and significant effect on brand trust. Brand image variables have a positive and significant effect on brand trust. Brand trust variables have a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty. Brand experience variables have a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty. The brand image variable has a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty. The mediation results show that brand trust can positively and significantly mediate between brand experience and brand image on brand loyalty. So there is an influence of Brand Experience and Brand Image on Brand Loyalty in culinary products of mas goat satay in Kartasura with brand trust as an intervening variable in Solo Raya.
Implementasi Kebijakan Program Magang MSIB Batch 5 Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Project Business Researcher di PT Indekstat Konsultan Indonesia
Authors: Putri Dewanti Arinta , Abdul Rahman  , Nida Handayani  
Published: July 2024

The Merdeka Learning Program at Kampus Merdeka is a flexible learning model in higher education designed to encourage innovative learning and adapt to student needs. One of them is an internship program at MSIB partner companies, which is an initiative of Kampus Merdeka to help students prepare for the world of work. PT Indekstat Konsultan Indonesia is one of the partners of this program, with the aim of improving the quality of soft skills and hard skills to be able to work culturally to meet the needs of the capabilities of researchers who are ready to work in the research and data science industry. This research uses a qualitative case study approach, including interviews, observation, documentation, and review of relevant literature. The theory employed is George C. Edward III with signs of successful implementation, which are: (1) communication, (2) resources, (3) disposition, and (4) bureaucratic structure. The results showed that PT Indekstat Konsultan Indonesia has not implemented the MSIB Batch 5 program policy optimally.
Analysis of Judge’s Decision on Registration of Trademark with The Same Naming (Study of Supreme Court Decision Number 640 K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2020)
Authors: Silaban Kenjiro , Anggriany Fivienrencya , Gunawan Freddy 
Published: July 2024

This article aims to evaluate the judge's ruling about the namesake trademark. Two parties that registered the SAMGONG trademark through DJKI are at the focal point of the issue. This article's articulation of the problem serves as an argument for the Panel of Judges' discussion of the legal implications and considerations surrounding the decision rendered by the Supreme Court in Number 640 K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2020. This article concludes that a trademark is an asset that is legally protected and has economic worth from a commercial standpoint. Indonesia uses a first-to-file system, meaning that as soon as a trademark is registered in its home country, its owners acquire the rights to it. The Panel of Judges noted in their ruling that the Plaintiff originally registered its trademark in its own nation in 2008. That the Defendant's trademark registration is suspected of being done in bad faith because the Plaintiff's trademark has been sold and promoted internationally, making it a well-known trademark. Additionally, the DJKI was ordered to remove the Defendant's trademark from the General Register of Trademarks due to similarities in the naming of the trademarks owned by both parties. As a guardian of intellectual property, DJKI needs to be more cautious when examining trademarks registrations to check for essential similarities, particularly in trademark names.