bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver‐Specific and Echogenic Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles Facilitating Liver Cancer Discrimination
Authors: Min Hyun Su , Son Sejin , Lee Tae Woong , Koo Heebeom , Yoon Hong Yeol , Na Jin Hee , Choi Yongseok , Park Jae Hyung , Lee Jaeyoung , Han Moon Hee , Park Rang‐Woon , Kim In‐San , Jeong Seo Young , Rhee Kyehan , Kim Sun Hwa , Kwon Ick Chan , Kim Kwangmeyung 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWith the increasing demand for instant real‐time ultrasound (US) imaging of a specific organ, target‐specific and long‐circulating ultrasound contrast agents are of special interest. A new species of echogenic hyaluronic acid nanoparticles is presented as an ultralong‐acting, liver‐specific, US contrast agent that is distinct from conventional gas‐filled microbubbles. Using an oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsification method, bioinert and hydrophobic perfluoropentane (PFP) is encapsulated as an ultrasound gas precursor into hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (HANPs) using hydrophobic interactions. HANPs are formulated by self‐assembly, with amphiphilic hyaluronic acid‐5β‐cholanic acid (HA‐CA) conjugating in aqueous conditions. The resulting echogenic PFP‐encapsulated HANPs (Echo‐NPs) show solid nanostructures, differentiated from core‐empty conventional microbubbles, and exhibiting outstanding physical properties as an ultrasound contrast agent. They are more stable and robust echogenic solid bodies with an in vivo favorable hydrodynamic size and because PFPs vaporize gradually, their expansion process is very slow in body conditions. After several systemic circulations, echo‐NPs generated intense and ultralong echo signals for US imaging at the target site. The echogenic properties of Echo‐NPs show a significantly increased half‐life and echo persistence, compared with conventional microbubbles. The results clearly show that echo‐NPs outperform conventional microbubbles in terms of both physical and echogenic in vitro and in vivo properties.
The hidden cost of moving up: Type 2 diabetes and the escape from persistent poverty in the American South
Authors: Steckel Richard H. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe paper tests the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, according to which nonharmonious growth trajectories are costly for adult health.MethodsThe American surge in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is concentrated in the South, a region characterized by a long history of poverty followed by rapid economic growth beginning in the 1960s. Civil rights legislation further accelerated income growth for African‐Americans in the region. The paper investigates the hypothesis by using per capita income at the state level as a proxy for net nutritional conditions.ResultsRegressions at the state level explain 56% of the variation in the prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes in 2009 using two explanatory variables: the ratio of per capita income in 1980 to that in 1950 and the share of the population that was African‐American. The paper discusses ways that rapid economic growth may have translated into weight gain and type 2 diabetes.ConclusionsIf the thrifty phenotype hypothesis is correct, future rates in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes are predictable based on income history. The forecast for rapidly developing countries such as India and China are ominous. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 25:508–515, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Terrestriality in the bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus morio) and implications for their ecology and conservation
Authors: Loken Brent , Spehar Stephanie , Rayadin Yaya 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAside from anecdotal evidence, terrestriality in orangutans (Pongo spp.) has not been quantified or subject to careful study and important questions remain about the extent and contexts of terrestrial behavior. Understanding the factors that influence orangutan terrestriality also has significant implications for their conservation. Here we report on a camera trapping study of terrestrial behavior in the northeastern Bornean orangutan, Pongo pygmaeus morio, in Wehea Forest, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. We used 78 non‐baited camera traps set in 43 stations along roads, trails, and at mineral licks (sepans) to document the frequency of orangutan terrestriality. Habitat assessments were used to determine how terrestrial behavior was influenced by canopy connectivity. We compared camera trapping results for P. p. morio to those for a known terrestrial primate (Macaca nemestrina), and another largely arboreal species (Presbytis rubicunda) to assess the relative frequency of terrestrial behavior by P. p. morio. A combined sampling effort of 14,446 trap days resulted in photographs of at least 15 individual orangutans, with females being the most frequently recorded age sex class (N = 32) followed by flanged males (N = 26 records). P. p. morio represented the second most recorded primate (N = 110 total records) of seven primate species recorded. Capture scores for M. nemestrina (0.270) and P. p. morio (0.237) were similar and almost seven times higher than for the next most recorded primate, P. rubicunda (0.035). In addition, our results indicate that for orangutans, there was no clear relationship between canopy connectivity and terrestriality. Overall, our data suggest that terrestriality is relatively common for the orangutans in Wehea Forest and represents a regular strategy employed by individuals of all age−sex classes. As Borneo and Sumatra increasingly become characterized by mixed‐use habitats, understanding the ecological requirements and resilience in orangutans is necessary for designing optimal conservation strategies. Am. J. Primatol. 75:1129–1138, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thin Films that Consist of CuO Mesocrystal Nanosheets: An Application of Microbial‐Mineralization‐Inspired Approaches to Thin‐Film Formation
Authors: Ikeda Tatsuya , Oaki Yuya , Imai Hiroaki 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThin films of copper oxides can be synthesized on substrates by using approaches that are inspired by microbial mineralization processes. In nature, precipitates of manganese and iron oxides with controlled oxidation states and crystal phases are produced through biomineralization by microorganisms. We have previously reported microbial‐mineralization‐inspired approaches that are comprised of direct and intermediate routes for the controlled syntheses of transition‐metal oxides. Herein, these approaches are applied to the thin‐film formation and coating of copper oxides and a related compound with controlled crystal phases and morphologies. Thin films of CuO, Cu2O, and Cu2(OH)3Cl were selectively synthesized by using direct or intermediate routes. Notably, CuO mesocrystal nanosheets formed a thin film over the whole of the substrate. The resultant CuO mesocrystal nanosheets showed enhanced properties for the electrochemical detection of dopamine. This study shows the potential applicability of microbial‐mineralization‐inspired approaches to thin‐film coatings.
Development and validation of a sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of amoxapine in human plasma and urine
Authors: Karasakal Ayça , Ulu Sevgi Tatar 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTA selective and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method was developed and validated for the determination of amoxapine in human plasma and urine. The developed method is based on labeling with 5‐dimethylaminonaphthalene‐1‐sulfonyl chloride (dansyl chloride) and monitoring at 397 nm (excitation)/514 nm (emission). The method was validated for linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, accuracy, recovery and robustness. The calibration curves were linear over a concentration range of 250–2500 and 50–1250 ng/mL for plasma and urine, respectively. The LOD values were calculated to be 13.31 and 13.17 ng/mL for plasma and urine, respectively. The proposed method was applied to study of amoxapine in human plasma and urine. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overcoming co‐product inhibition in the nicotinamide independent asymmetric bioreduction of activated CC‐bonds using flavin‐dependent ene‐reductases
Authors: Winkler Christoph K. , Clay Dorina , van Heerden Esta , Faber Kurt 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTEleven flavoproteins from the old yellow enzyme family were found to catalyze the disproportionation (“dismutation”) of conjugated enones. Incomplete conversions, which were attributed to enzyme inhibition by the co‐product phenol could be circumvented via in situ co‐product removal by scavenging the phenol using the polymeric adsorbent MP‐carbonate. The optimized system allowed to reduce an alkene activated by ester groups in a “coupled‐substrate” approach via nicotinamide‐free hydrogen transfer with >90% conversion and complete stereoselectivity. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013;110: 3085–3092. © 2013 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Willey Periodicals, Inc.
Hydrophobic cryogels for DNA adsorption: Effect of embedding of monosize microbeads into cryogel network on their adsorptive performances
Authors: Emin Çorman M. , Bereli Nilay , Özkara Serpil , Uzun Lokman , Denizli Adil 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTAs alternative hydrophobic adsorbent for DNA adsorption, supermacroporous cryogel disks were synthesized via free radical polymerization. In this study, we have prepared two kinds of cryogel disks: (i) poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate‐N‐methacryloyl‐l‐tryptophan) [p(HEMA‐MATrp)] cryogel containing specific hydrophobic ligand MATrp; and (ii) monosize p(HEMA‐MATrp) particles synthesized via suspension polymerization embedded into p(HEMA) cryogel structure to obtain p(HEMA‐MATrp)/p(HEMA) composite cryogel disks. These cryogel disks containing hydrophobic functional group were characterized via swelling studies, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, surface area measurements and scanning electron microscopy. DNA adsorption onto both p(HEMA‐MATrp) cryogel and p(HEMA‐MATrp)/p(HEMA) composite cryogels was investigated. Maximum adsorption of DNA on p(HEMA‐MATrp) cryogel was found to be 15 mg/g polymer. Otherwise, p(HEMA‐MATrp)/p(HEMA) composite cryogels significantly increased the DNA adsorption capacity to 38 mg/g polymer. Composite cryogels could be used repeatedly without significant loss on adsorption capacity after 10 repetitive adsorption–desorption cycles. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and validation of an RP‐HPLC method for the quantitation of Orteronel (TAK‐700), a CYP17A1 enzyme inhibitor, in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Kumar Avinash , S Vijay Kumar , Gurav Sandip , Zainuddin Mohd , Dewang Purushottam , Kethiri Raghava Reddy , Rajagopal Sriram , Mullangi Ramesh 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTA novel, simple, specific, sensitive and reproducible high‐performance liquid chromatography assay method has been developed and validated for the estimation of Orteronel in rat plasma. The bioanalytical procedure involves extraction of Orteronel and phenacetin (internal standard) from rat plasma with a simple liquid–liquid extraction process. The chromatographic analysis was performed on a Waters Alliance system using a gradient mobile phase conditions at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and a C18 column maintained at ambient room temperature. The eluate was monitored using a photodiode array detector set at 242. Orteronel and internal standard eluted at 4.8 and 6.2 min, respectively and the total run time was 9 min. Method validation was performed as per US Food and Drug Administration guidelines and the results met the acceptance criteria. The calibration curve was linear over a concentration range of 100–3149 ng/mL (r2 = 0.995). The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were in the ranges of 0.31–7.87 and 3.97–6.35, respectively, in rat plasma. The validated HPLC method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of Orteronel in rats. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Propolis reduces oxidative stress in l‐NAME‐induced hypertension rats
Authors: Selamoglu Talas Zeliha 
Published: June 2013

The inhibition in the synthesis or bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) has an important role in progress of hypertension. The blocking of nitric oxide synthase activity may cause vasoconstriction with the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honey bees from various plants. Propolis has biological and pharmacological properties. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of propolis on catalase (CAT) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO levels in the testis tissues of hypertensive rats by Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME).Rats have received nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (l‐NAME, 40 mg kg−1, intraperitoneally) for 15 days to produce hypertension and propolis (200 mg kg−1, by gavage) during the last 5 days. MDA level in l‐NAME‐treated group significantly increased compared with control group (P < 0.01). MDA level of l‐NAME + propolis‐treated rats significantly reduced (P < 0.01) compared with l‐NAME‐treated group. CAT activity and NO level significantly reduced (P < 0.01) in l‐NAME group compared with control group. There were no statistically significant increases in the CAT activity and NO level of the l‐NAME + propolis group compared with the l‐NAME‐treated group (P > 0.01).These results suggest that propolis changes CAT activity, NO and MDA levels in testis of l‐NAME‐treated animals, and so it may modulate the antioxidant system. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictors of high‐risk angiographic findings in patients with non‐ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Beigel Roy , Matetzky Shlomi , Gavrielov‐Yusim Natalie , Fefer Paul , Gottlieb Shmuel , Zahger Doron , Atar Shaul , Finkelstein Ariel , Roguin Ariel , Goldenberg Ilan , Kornowski Ran , Segev Amit ,   for the ACSIS and ACSIS‐PCI 2010 Investigators
Published: June 2013

BackgroundCurrent risk assessment of patients with non‐ST‐elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE‐ACS) may fail to identify some patients with severe coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to identify predictors of the angiographic extent and severity of CAD in patients with NSTE‐ACS undergoing early angiography and to evaluate its impact on prognosis.MethodsWe evaluated 923 patients with NSTE‐ACS who underwent coronary angiography. High‐risk coronary anatomy (HRCA) was defined as left main disease > 50%, proximal LAD lesion > 70%, or 2‐ to 3‐vessel disease involving the LAD. Clinical characteristics, in‐hospital, and 30‐day outcome and 1‐year mortality were compared between the high‐risk (N = 370) and the low‐risk groups (N = 553).ResultsProportion of patients with elevated cardiac biomarkers was similar in both groups. The presence of peripheral vascular disease (OR = 1.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.62–5.80, P < 0.001) and a GRACE score of >140 (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.29–2.75, P < 0.001) were the strongest predictors of HRCA. Patients with HRCA were prone to more complications during hospitalization and at 30 days (11.9% vs. 6%, P < 0.01) and increased 1‐year mortality (6.7% vs. 0.9%, P < 0.001). HRCA was the strongest predictor for 30‐day MACCE (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.42–3.79, P < 0.001). HRCA (OR = 8.36, 95% CI = 1.01–69.4, P = 0.049; OR = 3.64, 95% CI = 1.2–11.07, P = 0.02) and GRACE score of >140 (OR = 6.86, 95% CI = 1.68–27.9, P = 0.007; OR = 4.84, 95% CI = 1.74–13.5, P = 0.002) were significant predictors of 30‐day and 1‐year mortality, respectively.ConclusionsHRCA is predicted by clinical parameters and was not associated with elevated cardiac biomarkers. These patients fared worse when compared with those with low‐risk anatomy. We suggest that HRCA predictors should be included in the risk stratification of patients with NSTE‐ACS. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Functional diagnosis of coronary stenoses using pressure drop coefficient: A pilot study in humans
Authors: Kolli Kranthi K. , Helmy Tarek A. , Peelukhana Srikara V. , Arif Imran , Leesar Massoud A. , Back Lloyd H. , Banerjee Rupak K. , Effat Mohamed A. 
Published: June 2013

Objectives and BackgroundMyocardial fractional flow reserve (FFR) in conjunction with coronary flow reserve (CFR) is used to evaluate the hemodynamic severity of coronary lesions. However, discordant results between FFR and CFR have been observed in intermediate coronary lesions. A functional parameter, pressure drop coefficient (CDP; ratio of pressure drop to distal dynamic pressure), was assessed using intracoronary pressure drop (dp) and average peak velocity (APV). The CDP is a nondimensional ratio, derived from fundamental fluid dynamic principles. We sought to evaluate the correlation of CDP with FFR, CFR, and hyperemic stenosis resistance (HSR: ratio of pressure drop to APV) in human subjects.MethodsTwenty‐seven patients with reversible perfusion defects based on SPECT were consented for the study before cardiac catheterization. Distal coronary pressure and APV were measured simultaneously for each coronary lesion using a Combowire© during cardiac catheterization. Reference diameter, minimal lumen diameter, and %AS were obtained by quantitative coronary angiography. Maximum hyperemia was induced by IV adenosine (140 µg/kg/min). CDP was calculated as, (Δp)/(0.5 × ρ × APV2). The density of blood (ρ) was assumed to be 1.05 gm/cm3.ResultsThe functional index, CDP, when correlated simultaneously with FFR and CFR, was found to have a significant correlation (r = 0.61; P < 0.05). Similarly a significant correlation was achieved when CDP was correlated with HSR (r = 0.91; P < 0.001). This is consistent with the definition of CDP, which is a functional parameter that includes both pressure and flow information.ConclusionsCDP, a nondimensional parameter combining simultaneous measurements of pressure drop and velocity data, can accurately define the severity of coronary stenoses and could prove advantageous clinically. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnesium and Cadmium in Covalently‐Bonded Lonsdaleite Networks: Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of AETMg2 and SrTCd2 (AE: Ca, Sr; T: Pd, Ag, Pt, Au)
Authors: Kersting Marcel , Johnscher Michael , Matar Samir F. , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by induction melting of the elements in sealed niobium ampules and characterized by powder XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Designing a Deep‐Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Material with a Large Second Harmonic Generation Response.
Authors: Wu Hongping , Yu Hongwei , Yang Zhihua , Hou Xueling , Su Xin , Pan Shilie , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R. , Rondinelli James M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBa4B11O20F is synthesized by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of Ba(NO3)2, H3BO3, and BaF2 (780 °C, 2 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Lone Pair Effect, Structural Distortions, and Potential for Superconductivity in Tl Perovskites.
Authors: Schoop Leslie M. , Muechler Lukas , Felser Claudia , Cava R. J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractPotential new superconductors of the type MTlX3 (M: Rb, Cs; X: F, Cl, Br) are characterized by DFT band structure calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Correlations Between Chemical Bonding and Magnetic Exchange Interactions: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties of the New Family RE2AlGe2 (RE: Tb—Tm, Lu).
Authors: Zhang Jiliang , Bobev Svilen 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCast samples of Ln2Al1‐xGe2+x (Ln: Tb—Tm, Lu; 0.13 ≤ x ≤ 0.37) are prepared by arc melting of the elements and subsequent annealing at 1273 K (≥14 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Tuning Catalysts to Tune the Products: Phosphine‐Catalyzed Aza‐Michael Addition Reaction of Hydrazones with Allenoates.
Authors: Li Erqing , Xie Peizhong , Yang Lihua , Liang Ling , Huang You 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA new phosphine‐catalyzed aza‐Michael β‐addition reaction between hydrazones and allenoates is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Barton Esters for Initiator‐Free Radical Cyclization with Heteroaromatic Substitution.
Authors: Coyle Robert , Fahey Karen , Aldabbagh Fawaz 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe synthesis of five‐, six‐, and seven‐membered alicyclic ring fused heterocycles with or without an additional fused cyclopropane is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Wacker‐Type Oxidation of Internal Alkenes Using Pd(Quinox) and TBHP.
Authors: DeLuca Ryan J. , Edwards Jennifer L. , Steffens Laura D. , Michel Brian W. , Qiao Xiaoxiao , Zhu Chunyin , Cook Silas P. , Sigman Matthew S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe reaction is a useful complement to the traditional Tsuji—Wacker oxidation of internal alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Chemo‐ and Regioselective Cross‐Dimerization of Two Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Xu Hua‐Dong , Zhang Ren‐Wei , Li Xiaoxun , Huang Suyu , Tang Weiping , Hu Wen‐Hao 
Published: June 2013

AbstractDimerization of terminal acetylenes and terminal propargylic alcohols, ethers, and amides results mostly in the formation of two isomers favouring the head‐to‐tail derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: A Catalytic Multicomponent Coupling Reaction for the Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiroacetals.
Authors: Cala Lara , Mendoza Abraham , Fananas Francisco J. , Rodriguez Felix 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA novel gold phosphate‐catalyzed enantioselective one‐pot three component coupling of alkynols, anilines and glyoxylic acid furnishing hybrid molecules comprising a spiro‐acetal scaffold and an α‐amino acid unit is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of 3‐Aryloxindoles with Allylidene Dipivalate: A Useful Enol Pivalate Product.
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Masters James T. , Burns Aaron C. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA new practical and mild method for the synthesis of the enantioenriched title compounds tolerates a variety of substitution patterns including 3‐heteroaryl substitution and unprotected oxindoles [e.g. (VI)].
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Isocoumarin Derivatives by Copper‐Catalyzed Addition of o‐Halobenzoic Acids to Active Internal Alkynes.
Authors: Guo Xun‐Xiang 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe method provides a simple and efficient approach to various 3,4‐disubstituted isocoumarins which are of biological interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antitubercular Activity of Amino Alcohol Fused Spirochromone Conjugates.
Authors: Mujahid M. , Gonnade R. G. , Yogeeswari P. , Sriram D. , Muthukrishnan M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAll the title compounds (VII) (21 examples) are screened for their in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (virulent strain H37Rv).
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Alkyl‐ and (.+‐.)‐1,2‐Dialkyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,8‐naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones by a Tandem Michael—SNAr Annulation Reaction.
Authors: Bunce Richard A. , Squires Scott T. , Nammalwar Baskar 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe new approach for the synthesis of the title compounds requires substrates which can be conveniently prepared in two steps from commercial 2‐chloro‐3‐pyridinecarboxaldehyde.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver(I)‐Catalyzed Addition‐Cyclization of Alkyne‐Functionalized Azomethines.
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Zhen Wencui , Dai Wei , Wang Fen , Li Xingwei 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe new method presented here is applicable to various nucleophiles such as ketones, nitroalkanes, and terminal alkynes giving a number of polycyclic amides.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Assisted/Copper‐Free Synthesis of Functionalized Dibenzo[b,f]oxepins and Their Analogues via a One‐Pot Tandem Reaction.
Authors: Wang Yuqin , Chen Yanhong , He Qian , Xie Yuyuan , Yang Chunhao 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe title transformation is presumed to include two steps, a Knoevenagel condensation followed by an Ullman ether formation.