bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart rate reactivity, recovery, and endurance of the incremental shuttle walk test in patients prone to heart failure
Authors: Wei Fang‐Fei , Mariottoni Beatrice , An De‐Wei , Pellicori Pierpaolo , Yu Yu‐Ling , Verdonschot Job A. J. , Liu Chen , Ahmed Fozia Z. , Petutschnigg Johannes , Rossignol Patrick , Heymans Stephane , Cuthbert Joe , Girerd Nicolas , Li Yan , Clark Andrew L. , Nawrot Tim S. , Ferreira João Pedro , Zannad Faiez , Cleland John G. F. , Staessen Jan A. ,   the HOMAGE investigators
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsFew randomized trials assessed the changes over time in the chronotropic heart rate (HR) reactivity (CHR), HR recovery (HRR) and exercise endurance (EE) in response to the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT). We addressed this issue by analysing the open HOMAGE (Heart OMics in Aging) trial.MethodsIn HOMAGE, 527 patients prone to heart failure were randomized to usual treatment with or without spironolactone (25–50 mg/day). The current sub‐study included 113 controls and 114 patients assigned spironolactone (~70% on beta‐blockers), who all completed the ISWT at baseline and at Months 1 and 9. Within‐group changes over time (follow‐up minus baseline) and between‐group differences at each time point (spironolactone minus control) were analysed by repeated measures ANOVA, unadjusted or adjusted for sex, age and body mass index, and additionally for baseline for testing 1 and 9 month data.ResultsIrrespective of randomization, the resting HR and CHR did not change from baseline to follow‐up, with the exception of a small decrease in the HR immediately post‐exercise (−3.11 b.p.m.) in controls at Month 9. In within‐group analyses, HR decline over the 5 min post‐exercise followed a slightly lower course at the 1 month visit in controls and at the 9 month visits in both groups, but not at the 1 month visit in the spironolactone group. Compared with baseline, EE increased by two to three shuttles at Months 1 and 9 in the spironolactone group but remained unchanged in the control group. In the between‐group analyses, irrespective of adjustment, there were no HR differences at any time point from rest up to 5 min post‐exercise or in EE. Subgroup analyses by sex or categorized by the medians of age, left ventricular ejection fraction or glomerular filtration rate were confirmatory. Combining baseline and Months 1 and 9 data in both treatment groups, the resting HR, CHR and HRR at 1 and 5 min averaged 61.5, 20.0, 9.07 and 13.8 b.p.m. and EE 48.3 shuttles.ConclusionsSpironolactone on top of usual treatment compared with usual treatment alone did not change resting HR, CHR, HRR and EE in response to ISWT. Beta‐blockade might have concealed the effects of spironolactone. The current findings demonstrate that the ISWT, already used in a wide variety of pathological conditions, is a practical instrument to measure symptom‐limited exercise capacity in patients prone to developing heart failure because of coronary heart disease.
Genotype is associated with left ventricular reverse remodelling and early events in recent‐onset dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kubanek Milos , Binova Jana , Piherova Lenka , Krebsova Alice , Kotrc Martin , Hartmannova Hana , Hodanova Katerina , Musalkova Dita , Stranecky Viktor , Palecek Tomas , Chaloupka Anna , Grochova Ilga , Krejci Jan , Petrkova Jana , Melenovsky Vojtech , Kmoch Stanislav , Kautzner Josef 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsRecent‐onset dilated cardiomyopathy (RODCM) is characterized by heterogeneous aetiology and diverse clinical outcomes, with scarce data on genotype–phenotype correlates. Our aim was to correlate individual RODCM genotypes with left ventricular reverse remodelling (LVRR) and clinical outcomes.Methods and resultsIn this prospective study, a total of 386 Czech RODCM patients with symptom duration ≤6 months underwent genetic counselling and whole‐exome sequencing (WES). The presence of pathogenic (class 5) or likely pathogenic (class 4) variants in a set of 72 cardiomyopathy‐related genes was correlated with the occurrence of all‐cause death, heart transplantation, or implantation of a ventricular assist device (primary outcome) and/or ventricular arrhythmia event (secondary outcome). LVRR was defined as an improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction to >50% or ≥10% absolute increase, with a left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter ≤33 mm/m2 or ≥10% relative decrease. Median follow‐up was 41 months. RODCM was familial in 98 (25%) individuals. Class 4–5 variants of interest (VOIs) were identified in 125 (32%) cases, with 69 (18%) having a single titin‐truncating variant (TTNtv) and 56 (14%) having non‐titin (non‐TTN) VOIs. The presence of class 4–5 non‐TTN VOIs, but not of TTNtv, heralded a lower probability of 12‐month LVRR and proved to be an independent baseline predictor both of the primary and the secondary outcome. The negative result of genetic testing was a strong protective baseline variable against occurrence of life‐threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Detection of class 4–5 VOIs in genes coding nuclear envelope proteins was another independent predictor of both study outcomes at baseline and also of life‐threatening ventricular arrhythmias after 12 months. Class 4–5 VOIs of genes coding cytoskeleton were associated with an increased risk of life‐threatening ventricular arrhythmias after baseline assessment. A positive family history of dilated cardiomyopathy alone only related to a lower probability of LVRR at 12 months and at the final follow‐up.ConclusionsRODCM patients harbouring class 4–5 non‐TTN VOIs are at higher risk of progressive heart failure and life‐threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Genotyping may improve their early risk stratification at baseline assessment.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of the left atrial myopathy evaluation in cardiac amyloidosis using echocardiography
Authors: Ferkh Aaisha , Geenty Paul , Stefani Luke , Emerson Peter , Pham Jennifer , Byth Karen , Boyd Anita C. , Richards David , Taylor Mark S. , Kwok Fiona , Kizana Eddy , Thomas Liza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundCardiac amyloidosis (CA) is an under‐recognized cause of heart failure. Left atrial (LA) myopathy contributes to a worse prognosis in heart failure and is a feature of transthyretin (ATTR) and light‐chain (AL) CA. LA mechanical dispersion (LA‐MD) is a novel marker of intra‐atrial dyssynchrony implicated in LA myopathy and the future development of atrial fibrillation (AF).AimsThis study aimed to determine the characteristics and prognostic value of LA myopathy in ATTR and AL cardiomyopathy through a comprehensive LA echocardiographic evaluation.MethodsATTR (n = 86) and AL (n = 86) CA patients were compared with hypertensive heart disease (HHT) patients (n = 58). Transthoracic echocardiographic measurements including LA strain and LA‐MD were obtained with patient follow‐up for mortality.ResultsATTR and AL patients had a median follow‐up of 66 months, with 26 mortality events. Left ventricular (LV) mass, diastolic function (average‐e′ and E/e′), LV global longitudinal strain, and LA volume and function (LA function index and strain) were more impaired in ATTR versus AL; these echocardiographic parameters were more impaired in both amyloid groups compared to HHT patients (P < 0.05). LA‐MD was increased in ATTR versus AL [median 72.2 (inter‐quartile range 55–88.9) vs. 54 (43.5–64.2), respectively, P < 0.001]. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age, presence of AF, LV mass, global and basal strain, and E/e′ demonstrated that LA‐MD was an independent determinant of ATTR CA (P = 0.014). On multivariable analysis, LA reservoir strain was independently associated with the presence of heart failure in the CA group (P < 0.001). LA minimum volume (cut‐off ≥18 mL/m2) was a determinant of mortality in AL CA [Cox proportional hazard ratio (HR) 1.042 (1.003–1.082), P = 0.034 and Kaplan–Meier analysis, P = 0.016].ConclusionCharacterizing LA myopathy has significant diagnostic and prognostic utility in CA. ATTR patients have increased atrial dyssynchrony, which may have implications for AF development. LA reservoir strain was associated with heart failure in CA, whilst LA minimum volume was a predictor of mortality in AL CA.
Reductive‐Transmetalation Reactions of ZnR2/(AlCp*)4 Heterobimetallic Combinations and Application Towards CO2 Insertion
Authors: Hevia Eva , Dankert Fabian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOrgano‐aluminum compounds are usually derived via salt metathesis reactions starting from aluminum halides and s‐block organometallics such as organolithiums or Grignard reagents. Herein, an alternative route is reported using an Cp*Al(I)/Zn(II)R2 (Cp* = C5Me5; R = aryl) system which facilitates the formation of a range of halide and donor free heteroleptic triorgano‐alanes of the general formula [Al(Cp*)R2]. Exposing the obtained alanes to an atmosphere of CO2 enables for the selective insertion of CO2 in their AlCp* moieties. State of the art quantum chemical calculations support experimental observations providing mechanistic insights on the observed reactivity of the [Al(Cp*)R2] compounds towards this unsaturated organic molecule.
Research on occupant injury severity prediction of autonomous vehicles based on transfer learning
Authors: Yang Na , Liu Dongwei , Liu Qi , Li Zhiwei , Liu Tao , Wang Jianfeng , Xu Ze 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe focus of the future of autonomous vehicles has shifted from feasibility to safety and comfort. The seat of an autonomous vehicle may be equipped with a rotational function, and the occupant's sitting position would be diverse. This poses a higher challenge to occupant injury protection during vehicle collisions. The main objective of the current study is to develop occupant injury prediction models for autonomous vehicles that can be used to predict the injury severity of occupants in different seat orientations and sitting positions. The first step is to establish an occupant crash model database with different seat orientations. It is used to simulate the occupant crash injury database of an autonomous vehicle, considering seat rotation and the back inclination angle. The second step is to establish a pre‐training occupant injury prediction model based on the existing database and then train the autonomous vehicle occupant injury prediction model using an in‐house database based on the transfer learning method. Occupant injury prediction models achieve good accuracy (82.8% on the numerical database and 62.9% on the real verification database) and shorter computational time (4.86 ± 0.33 ms) on the prediction tasks. Finally, the influence of the model input variables is analyzed. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a small‐sample database based on transfer learning for occupant injury prediction in autonomous vehicles.
Sesame‐enriched delights: A comparative exploration of physicochemical and sensory attributes in fine and whole wheat flour cookies
Authors: Naqvi Sittara Noori , Liaquat Muhammad , Kazmi Abeer , Sammi Shella , Ali Amir , Luna‐Arias Juan Pedro , Sherzad Izzat Ullah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCookies are an exceptional energy source due to their elevated fat and carbohydrate content. Beyond their delectable taste, they are also rich in essential nutrients, including valuable proteins and minerals. This study evaluated the potential of the wheat variety NARC‐2011 for cookie production, focusing on nutritional enhancement by adding white sesame seeds at different proportions (5%, 10%, and 15%) to both whole and fine wheat flour. White sesame seeds were added to cookies mainly for their visual appeal, creating a nice contrast with the dough. They also have a mild flavor that complements the cookie without overwhelming it. Besides, they pack essential nutrients like protein, fiber, calcium, and iron, making the cookies more nutritious. The physical, chemical, and sensory properties of the different cookies were evaluated using standard methods. In terms of physical parameters, fine wheat flour cookies exhibited a diameter (46.45–50.47 mm), thickness (8.47–9.77 mm), and spreading factor (5.16–5.46 mm), and whole wheat flour cookies exhibited a diameter (48.47–52.31 mm), thickness (9.22–10.73 mm), and spreading factor (4.87–5.25 mm). Chemical analysis revealed moisture (5.78%–7.66%), fat (10.89%–16.16%), fiber (6.10%–8.46%), ash (4.82%–7.40%), protein (0.74%–1.40%), non‐fiber carbohydrates (63.67%–67.55%) for fine wheat flour cookies, and moisture (5.67%–7.39%), fat (10.89%–16.16%), fiber (11.47%–15.98%), ash (0.54%–0.83%), protein (5.65%–8.13%), non‐fiber carbohydrates (57.86%–66.55%), total phenolic content (2.86 mg/g), flavonoids (1.46 mg/g), and antioxidant activity (80.76%) in whole wheat flour cookies with sesame fortification. Gas chromatography revealed higher unsaturated fatty acids (83.22%) in NARC‐2011 wheat oil compared to white sesame seed oil (79.78%). In sensory evaluations, cookies fortified with 10% sesame seeds in fine wheat flour received the highest level of acceptability from the panelists. On the other hand, cookies made from whole wheat flour fortified with 15% sesame seeds garnered the maximum acceptability ratings from the panelists. In conclusion, supplementing NARC‐2011 wheat flour with sesame seeds, whether in fine or whole wheat form, improves the quality of cookies and nutritional content while offering appropriate sensory attributes at particular sesame seed levels.
Dietary advanced glycation end‐products (dAGEs) are not associated with the risk of cancer incidence. A systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Sharifi‐Zahabi Elham , Soltani Sepideh , Hajizadeh‐Sharafabad Fatemeh , Abdollahzad Hadi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA growing body of evidence indicates the association of dietary advanced glycation end‐products (dAGEs) with the risk of cancer. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to assess the overall association between dAGEs and cancer incidence. An extensive search was carried out through online databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to June 2024. All reported HRs and their 95% CIs for risk of cancer were used to estimate log HRs and their standard errors (SEs). The overall risk estimate was obtained using a random effects model. Inter‐study heterogeneity was determined using Cochrane's Q test and I‐squared. Five prospective cohort studies with a total of 1,220,096 participants and 23,229 incident cancer cases (2193 pancreatic cancers, 11,443 breast cancers, 6162 colorectal cancers, and 3431 total cancers) were included in this meta‐analysis. Compared with the lowest category of dAGEs, the pooled hazard ratio (HR) for overall cancers was 1.04 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.15; I2 = 67.9%) for the highest category of dAGEs. Pooled estimates for different types of cancer showed no significant relationship between dAGEs and risk of breast cancer (HR: 1.119; 95% CI: 0.868, 1.444; I2 = 77.6%; N = 2 studies), pancreatic cancer (HR: 1.242; 95% CI: 0.971, 1.588; I2 = 0.0%; N = 2 studies), colon cancer (HR: 10.985; 95% CI: 0.887, 1.094; I2 = 0.0%; N = 2 studies) and rectal cancer (HR: 0.940; 95% CI: 0.616, 1.433; I2 = 57.7%; N = 2 studies). Dietary AGEs had no significant link with cancer risk. More well‐designed prospective studies are required.
Phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of Caucasian bee propolis at different locations, solvents, and temperatures
Authors: Bozkuş Tuğba Nigar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPropolis is a natural substance produced by honey bees by processing the secretions collected from various plants with their own enzymes. Caucasian honey bee is one of the productive bee races known in the world and its homeland in Türkiye is Northeastern Anatolia. This study is the first comprehensive research to determine, compare, and correlate the effects of various solvents and temperatures on 17 different Caucasian bee propolis obtained from different locations in terms of phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The highest total polyphenol and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) in Caucasian bee propolis extracts varied between 23.37–97.62 mg gallic acid per gram (GA/g) of propolis and 6.73–43.75 mg quercetin per gram (Q/g) of propolis in ethanolic extract at 60°C. While ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) did not differ at both temperatures, the highest was determined in ethanolic extracts. Analyses of propolis samples according to locations did not show any significant differences in terms of TPC, TFC, and FRAP. By Pearson's correlation analysis, it was found that each of the extracts showed a positive correlation between TPC, TFC, and FRAP. As a result, it was revealed that the main difference in the phenolic content and antioxidant activities of propolis obtained from gene centers of Caucasian bee race was due to the polarity of the solvent used and temperature, and that there was no difference between locations within a single bee race. This pioneering study shows that Caucasian bee propolis has a high potential that can pave the way for different research in this field.
Investigation of monosodium glutamate content in flavors, seasonings, and sauces from local markets in Turkey
Authors: Katrancı Yusuf , Aydemir Aleyna , Kızılkaya Beray , Baştemur Gizem Yıldırım , Ozkorucuklu Sabriye Percin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMonosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavor‐enhancing compound used to elevate the flavor profiles of various foods. This flavor enhancer is the sodium salt of L‐glutamic acid and is widely used in foods, such as flavorings, seasonings, sauces, and instant soups. The potential health effects of MSG consumption, particularly the health issues that excessive consumption could lead to, have been the focus of social concerns. It is stated that excessive consumption of MSG can cause cardiovascular diseases, obesity and diabetes, kidney damage, hypertension, anxiety, and memory impairment. The maximum permissible amount of MSG in foods is set at 10 g/kg according to the Turkish Food Codex. The aim of this study is to develop an appropriate method for analyzing the MSG content within the various food samples like flavorings, seasonings, and spices sold in Turkish local markets. The validation parameters of the developed method were examined and it was found that the developed method corresponds to the recommended values. The limit of detection and the limit of quantitation values were calculated as 4.78 ng/mL and 15.93 ng/mL, respectively. Recovery % was determined to be 100.96% in intra‐day and 132.22% in inter‐day analyses for the precision of the method. The results compared to the values specified in the Turkish Food Codex Food Additives Regulation and samples that purportedly did not contain MSG on their labels were found to contain MSG.
Endocannabinoids regulate enteric neuron–glia networks and visceral hypersensitivity following inflammation through a glial‐dependent mechanism
Authors: Morales‐Soto Wilmarie , Thomasi Beatriz , Gulbransen Brian D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcute gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation induces neuroplasticity that produces long‐lasting changes in gut motor function and pain. The endocannabinoid system is an attractive target to correct pain and dysmotility, but how inflammation changes endocannabinoid control over cellular communication in enteric neurocircuits is not understood. Enteric glia modulate gut neurons that control motility and pain and express monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) which controls endocannabinoid availability. We used a combination of in situ calcium imaging, chemogenetics, and selective drugs to study how endocannabinoid mechanisms affect glial responses and subsequent enteric neuron activity in health and following colitis in Wnt1Cre;GCaMP5g‐tdT;GFAP::hM3Dq mice. Trpv1Cre;GCaMP5gtdT mice were used to study nociceptor sensitivity and Sox10CreERT2;Mgllf/f mice were used to test the role of glial MAGL in visceral pain. The data show that endocannabinoid signaling regulates neuro‐glial signaling in gut neurocircuits in a sexually dimorphic manner. Inhibiting MAGL in healthy samples decreased glial responsiveness but this effect was lost in females following colitis and converted to an excitatory effect in males. Manipulating CB1 and CB2 receptors revealed further sex differences amongst neuro‐glia signaling that were impacted following inflammation. Inflammation increased gut nociceptor sensitivity in both sexes but only females exhibited visceral hypersensitivity in vivo. Blocking MAGL normalized nociceptor responses in vitro and deleting glial Mgll in vivo rescued visceral hypersensitivity in females. These results show that sex and inflammation impact endocannabinoid mechanisms that regulate intercellular enteric glia–neuron communication. Further, targeting glial MAGL could provide therapeutic benefits for visceral nociception in a sex‐dependent manner.
Mecapegfilgrastim for the prophylaxis of chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A prospective phase II clinical study
Authors: Jin Qifeng , Hua Yonghong , Jin Ting , Wang Lei , Tao Changjuan , Huang Shuang , Qin Weifeng , Chen Xiaozhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundInduction chemotherapy of docetaxel plus cisplatin (TP) is myelosuppressive, leading to severe neutropenia and febrile neutropenia (FN). Herein, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of mecapegfilgrastim in the prevention of neutropenia in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma who received the TP regimen.MethodsA total of 30 treatment‐naive patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma were included in this study. Mecapegfilgrastim 6 mg was injected 24–48 h after the completion of induction chemotherapy with the TP regimen.ResultsThe incidence of grade ≥3 neutropenia during the three induction chemotherapy cycles was 6.7% (95% CI, 0.8%–22.1%). In the first cycle of chemotherapy, the incidence of grade ≥3 neutropenia was 3.3% (95% CI, 0.1%–17.2%). No FN or antibiotic usage was reported. All 30 patients completed the induction chemotherapy cycles.ConclusionMecapegfilgrastim effectively reduced the incidence of chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia and FN in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
ANN‐driven insights into heat and mass transfer dynamics in chemical reactive fluids across variable‐thickness surfaces
Authors: Khan Mumtaz , Imran Mudassar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the heat and mass transfer dynamics in exothermic, chemically reactive fluids over variable‐thickness surfaces using advanced numerical methods and artificial neural networks (ANN). The importance of understanding these processes lies in their significant industrial applications, such as in chemical reactors and heat exchangers. We transformed nonlinear partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations and used the bvp4c numerical method to generate a comprehensive data set. The ANN model, trained with the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, was evaluated for its accuracy in simulating complex fluid dynamics and thermosolutal transport phenomena. Our results revealed that increasing the second‐grade fluid parameter enhanced skin friction by 20.38%, heat transfer rate by 1.16%, and mass transfer rate by 4.06%. The ANN model demonstrated high predictive precision with a validation mean squared error of . These findings highlight the effectiveness of the ANN methodology in providing precise simulations of fluid dynamics, which is crucial for optimizing industrial processes.