bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Static hyperpolarizability of the van der Waals complex CH4N2
Authors: Kalugina Yulia N. , Buldakov Mikhail A. , Cherepanov Victor N. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe static first hyperpolarizability of the van der Waals CH4N2 complex was calculated. The calculations were carried out in the approximation of the rigid interacting molecules for a broad range of intermolecular separations (R = 6–40 a0) and for six configurations at CCSD(T) level of theory using the correlation consistent aug‐cc‐pVTZ basis set with the basis set superposition error correction. It was shown that the long‐range classical approximation, including the terms up to R−6, is in a good agreement with ab initio calculations for R > 11 a0. It was found out that for the family of most stable configurations of the complex, the first hyperpolarizability invariants practically do not change (the changes are less than 0.1%). Under forming the stable van der Waals CH4N2 complex, the intensity and degree of depolarization of the hyper‐Rayleigh scattering are noticeable decreased (by ∼10%) to be compared with the free CH4 and N2 molecules. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sugars, ascorbic acid, total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity in passion fruit (Passiflora) cultivars
Authors: Devi Ramaiya Shiamala , Bujang Japar Sidik , Zakaria Muta Harah , King Wong Sing , Shaffiq Sahrir Muhd Arif 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe levels of sugars, ascorbic acid, total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) were determined in fruit juices from seven passion fruit (Passiflora spp.) cultivars: P. edulis cultivars Purple, Frederick, Yellow, Pink, P. edulis f. flavicarpa, P. maliformis and P. quadrangularis (we also tested this cultivar's mesocarp).ResultsPurple and Yellow P. edulis had significantly higher total sugar, 142.85 ± 0.17 g kg−1 and 139.69 ± 0.12 g kg−1, respectively, than other cultivars. Glucose and fructose content were higher in juice from vine‐ripened fruits of Purple, Frederick and Yellow P. edulis, P. quadrangularis and P. maliformis. Sucrose content was significantly higher in juice of non‐vine‐ripened fruits of P. edulis (Pink) and P. edulis f. flavicarpa. Ascorbic acid, TPC and TAA were significantly higher in vine‐ripened Purple and Yellow P. edulis; ranges were 0.22–0.33 g kg−1, 342.80–382.00 mg gallic acid equivalent L−1 and 409.13–586.70 µmol Trolox L−1, respectively. Based on principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, the main variables – °Brix, total sugar, glucose, fructose, ascorbic acid, TPC and TAA – formed the characteristics for the group comprising Purple and Yellow P. edulis.ConclusionsGlucose, fructose, sucrose, ascorbic acid, TAA and TPC were quantified in passion fruit juices. Variation of the above variables in juices of Passiflora depends on the cultivar and ripeness.
Fast Electro‐Optic Switching of Twisted Nematic LCD Doped with Cyclodextrin Capped Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Shiraishi Yukihide , Sugihara Kiyohiro , Okamura Nobuaki , Sawai Hiroya , Kobayashi Shunsuke , Toshima Naoki 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe prepared cyclodextrin (CyD)‐capped silica (CyD‐SiO2) nanoparticles and poly(cyclodextrin) (PCyD)‐capped silica (PCyD‐SiO2) nanoparticles. The average diameter of SiO2 nanoparticles capped by αCyD, βCyD, γCyD and PγCyD are 9.4, 8.4, 10.6, and 6.4 nm, respectively. The nanoparticles were dispersed in liquid crystal; 4′‐pentyl‐4‐cyanobiphenyl to construct novel twisted nematic liquid crystal device (TN‐LCD). The response time of this TN‐LCD in the presence of PγCyD‐SiO2 nanoparticles was faster than that in the absence.
Micellization and Structure of MOPEO‐b‐PCL Copolymers and Their Application as Nanocontainers for Drugs
Authors: Partsevskaya Sofia , Zheltonozhskaya Tatyana , Gomza Yuriy , Klepko Valeriy 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDiblock copolymers (DBCs) of MOPEO‐b‐PCL containing biocompatible and biodegradable components: hydrophilic methoxypoly‐(ethylene oxide) (Mn = 2.5 kDa = const) and hydrophobic poly(ε‐caprolactone) of a variable chain length (Mn = 2.8 ÷ 24.3 kDa) were synthesized by an anionic ring‐opening block copolymerization. Their chemical and microphase structure were characterized using FTIR, NMR, DSC and WAXS. Self‐assembly of pure DBCs and those at the presence of a model drug prednisolon (PS) in dioxane/aqueous solutions was studied using visible spectroscopy and static light scattering. Increasing in the micellar stability at the PCL block lengthening and PS addition was revealed. The drug binding by DBC micelles due to hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions was confirmed by FTIR.
Protein‐Polyelectrolyte Complexes. How to Suppress Thermoaggregation without Noticeable Denaturing of the Protein?
Authors: Izumrudov Vladimir A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHomotetrameric enzyme glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as a model protein for elucidation a capability of the oppositely charged polyelectrolyte to suppress the protein thermoaggregation. Charge density and degree of polymerization of the chains, relative content of GAPDH in the mixture, as well as pH and ionic strength proved to be the factors of the thermoaggregation control. However the electrostatic binding of the most active suppressors, e.g. sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) was attended with marked changes of secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of GAPDH and clearly defined denaturing. The performed comprehensive study of GAPDH interaction with different tightly bound polysulfoanions revealed the key role of a degree of polymerization and hydrophobicity of the chains in the denaturing, specifically the pronounced adverse effect on the enzyme of relatively hydrophobic short‐chained polyanions. Accordingly, the required criteria have been stated as follows: relatively hydrophilic highly polymerized polyelectrolytes that are able to form with a protein of fairly stable water‐soluble complexes are best suited to prevent thermoaggregation without drastic change of the protein structure.
Liquid‐Phase Polymer‐Based Retention of Chromate and Arsenate Oxy‐Anions
Authors: Sánchez Julio , Rivas Bernabé L. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe retention of chromate and arsenate anions was studied by liquid‐phase polymer based retention (LPR) technique by washing and enrichment methods. The extracting agents were water‐soluble cationic polymers (WSCPs) containing quaternary ammonium salts with chloride or methylsufate counterions. Through to washing method, the Cr(VI) and As(V) removal experiments were carried out at different pH (3, 6, 9) using WSCPs. The results showed highest retention capacity of Cr(VI) and As(V) at pH 9. The retention capacity in both cases was optimum for polymers containing chloride counterions. The decrease in the arsenic retention ability of the WSCPs is likely due to an increase in the ionic strength of solution by the presence of different concentrations of Na2SO4 or NaCl. The study of polymer:anion ratio showed the optimum molar ratio as 10:1 and 20:1 for efficient chromium and arsenic removal respectively. The maximum retention capacity (MRC) was determined by the enrichment method. It was between 79 to 165 mg ion retained/g polymer.The FT‐IR spectra of polymer‐anion were compared after and before to the maximum retention capacity showing differences due to the presence of Cr(VI) ions.The retention‐elution process shows that the elution process of the arsenate ions from polymers can be performed when the polymer‐arsenate was in contact with the acid solution from the reservoir.
Controlled Thermolysis of Macromolecule‐Metal Complexes as a Way for Synthesis of Nanocomposites
Authors: Pomogailo Anatoly D. , Dzhardimalieva Gulzhian I. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMetal–polymer nanocomposites, which comprise nanoparticles of metals and/or their oxides and carbides uniformly distributed in stabilizing polymer matrices, are obtained through solid‐phase polymerization of metal‐containing monomers followed by controlled thermolysis of synthesized metal‐containing polymers. The composition, structure and properties of nanocomposites obtained were studied using the methods of X‐ray diffraction, electron microscopy, IR spectroscopy and DSC‐TGA thermal analysis. The main stages and kinetics peculiarities of thermal transformations of metal‐containing monomers were estimated. It is shown that nanoparticles present in these systems have a characteristic core–shell structure that comprises a metal‐containing core and a surface layer, i.e., a polymer shell.
Heterocyclic Cationic Gemini Surfactants: A Comparative Overview of Their Synthesis, Self‐assembling, Physicochemical, and Biological Properties
Authors: Sharma Vishnu Dutt , Ilies Marc A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractGemini surfactants (GS) are presently receiving substantial attention due to their special self‐assembling properties and unique interfacial activity. This comprehensive review is focused on positively charged heterocyclic GS, presenting their major synthetic access routes and examining the impact of structural elements on physicochemical and aggregation properties of this class of amphiphiles. Interaction of geminis surfactants with cells and their biological properties as novel transfection agents are emphasized through a detailed structure–activity relationship analysis. Throughout the review we have also presented the properties of selected ammonium GS, simple surfactants and lipid congeners, in order to emphasize the advantages conferred by using heterocyclic polar heads in GS design.
Quantitative first‐pass perfusion MRI of the mouse myocardium
Authors: van Nierop Bastiaan J. , Coolen Bram F. , Dijk Wouter J.R. , Hendriks Arjan D. , de Graaf Larry , Nicolay Klaas , Strijkers Gustav J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this article, we present a first‐pass perfusion imaging protocol to determine quantitative regional perfusion values (in mL min−1 g−1) of the mouse myocardium. Perfusion was quantified using a Fermi‐constrained deconvolution of the myocardial tissue response with the arterial input function. A dual‐bolus approach was implemented. Experimental evidence is presented for the linearity of signal intensity in the left‐ventricular lumen during the prebolus (r = 0.99, P < 0.001) and in the myocardium during the full‐bolus injection (r = 0.99, P < 0.01) as function of Gd(DTPA)2− injection concentration used. The prebolus was used to reconstruct a nonsaturated arterial input function. Regional perfusion values proved repeatable in a cohort of nine healthy C57BL/6 mice. The perfusion values over two measurements with a 1‐week interval were 7.3 ± 0.9 and 7.2 ± 0.6 mL min−1 g−1, respectively. No effects of time (P > 0.05) and myocardial region (P > 0.05) were observed. The between‐session coefficient of variation was only 6%, whereas the inter‐animal coefficient of variation was 11 and 8% for the separate experiments. We expect that the first‐pass perfusion method here presented will be useful in preclinical studies of myocardial perfusion deficits and valuable to assess the impact of pro‐angiogenic therapy after myocardial infarction. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimized quantitative magnetic resonance spectroscopy for clinical routine
Authors: Scheidegger Olivier , Wingeier Kevin , Stefan Dan , Graveron‐Demilly Danielle , van Ormondt Dirk , Wiest Roland , Slotboom Johannes 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSeveral practical obstacles in data handling and evaluation complicate the use of quantitative localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qMRS) in clinical routine MR examinations. To overcome these obstacles, a clinically feasible MR pulse sequence protocol based on standard available MR pulse sequences for qMRS has been implemented along with newly added functionalities to the free software package jMRUI‐v5.0 to make qMRS attractive for clinical routine. This enables (a) easy and fast DICOM data transfer from the MR console and the qMRS‐computer, (b) visualization of combined MR spectroscopy and imaging, (c) creation and network transfer of spectroscopy reports in DICOM format, (d) integration of advanced water reference models for absolute quantification, and (e) setup of databases containing normal metabolite concentrations of healthy subjects. To demonstrate the work‐flow of qMRS using these implementations, databases for normal metabolite concentration in different regions of brain tissue were created using spectroscopic data acquired in 55 normal subjects (age range 6–61 years) using 1.5T and 3T MR systems, and illustrated in one clinical case of typical brain tumor (primitive neuroectodermal tumor). The MR pulse sequence protocol and newly implemented software functionalities facilitate the incorporation of qMRS and reference to normal value metabolite concentration data in daily clinical routine. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A prospective randomized double‐blind trial of grape juice antioxidants in men with lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Spettel Sara , Chughtai Bilal , Feustel Paul , Kaufman Anna , Levin Robert M , De Elise 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAimsMany patients take alternative medications for their lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) either in addition or as a substitute for traditional therapies, despite a lack of clinical data. Grapes products are hypothesized to improve bladder function due to their antioxidant and membrane‐protective actions. There is increasing evidence that progression of obstructed bladder dysfunction is related to bladder ischemia, reperfusion injury and free radical damage. We prospectively studied a standardized grape product on urinary symptoms.MethodsMen >45 years with significant LUTS were randomized to 240 ml daily of either 100% Concord grape juice or placebo. Participants were followed with validated questionnaires for LUTS, erectile dysfunction, and quality of life in addition to PSA, uroflow, and serum and urinary antioxidant levels. The primary endpoint was change in LUTS in Male International Continence Symptom score. The secondary endpoint was correlation between the level of antioxidants and changes in symptom scores.ResultsOne hundred thirteen participations were randomized with 96 completing the 3‐month follow‐up. There was no difference in the primary endpoint between the groups. (ISCmale score improved by a mean of 1.6 points in both groups.) There was no statistical difference between groups by PSA or secondary questionnaires. A statistical significance was found between uroflow rates. Linear regression analysis gave no correlation between antioxidants (serum or urine) and changes in symptom scores or grape juice consumption.ConclusionsOur study did not demonstrate any difference in LUTS in men taking a daily 240 ml 100% grape juice versus placebo after 3 months. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32: 261–265, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outcomes of observation as therapy for pelvic organ prolapse: A study in the natural history of pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Gilchrist Alienor S. , Campbell William , Steele Hannah , Brazell Hema , Foote Jonathon , Swift Steven 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAimsTo determine the rate of progression or regression of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in subjects with symptomatic POP who decline intervention (pessary or surgery) and elect observation.MethodsSixty‐four patients choosing observation as primary management of symptomatic POP were followed with sequential pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP‐Q) exams. A change in the leading edge value of ±≥2 cm was considered significant. POP‐Q exam results, choice of therapy and symptom severity at last visit were recorded.ResultsThe leading vaginal edge POP‐Q exam value at initial exam ranged from −1.5 to 7 cm. Distribution of patients by POP‐Q stages on initial exam was: stage I: 1%, stage II: 31%, stage III: 31%, and stage IV: 1.78% (50/64) of patients demonstrated no change in leading edge value from first to last visit on POP‐Q exams. Nineteen percent (12/64) demonstrated progression (≥2 cm increase in leading edge); 3% (2/64) demonstrated regression (≥2 cm decrease in leading edge). Median follow‐up was 16 months (range 6–91 months). On multivariate analysis, no variable, including length of follow‐up, was associated with change in leading edge value (P = 0.09, data not shown). At their last recorded visit, 63% (40/64) of subjects continued observation, 38% (24/64) desired a pessary trial or surgical correction. Those desiring intervention had no greater worsening of prolapse on exam at last follow‐up compared with subjects who continued observation.ConclusionThe natural history of pelvic organ prolapse is most often one of very minimal change in subjects who decline intervention (pessary or surgery) and choose observation. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32: 383–386, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and evaluations of bisphosphonate‐containing monomers for dental materials
Authors: Akgun Burcin , Avci Duygu 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTwo new bismethacrylamide (1, 2) and two new methacrylamide (3, 4) dental monomers were synthesized. In each group, one monomer contains a bisphosphonate group, the other a bisphosphonic acid group. Monomer 1 and 3 were synthesized by amidation of 2‐(2‐chlorocarbonyl‐allyloxymethyl)‐acryloylchloride and methacryloyl chloride with tetraethyl aminomethyl‐bis(phosphonate) and converted to the bisphosphonic acid monomers 2 and 4 by hydrolysis with trimethylsilyl bromide. Monomer 1 (m.p.: 71–72 °C), monomer 3 (33–34 °C), and monomer 4 (no m.p.) were obtained as white solids and monomer 2 a viscous liquid, soluble in water. Homopolymerization of 1 gave crosslinked polymers, indicating its low cyclization tendency. The photopolymerization studies indicated that its copolymerizability with 2,2‐bis[4‐(2‐hydroxy‐3‐methacryloyloxy propyloxy) phenyl] propane and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) without changing their rates and conversions significantly means that it could be used as a biocompatible crosslinker. Although monomer 2 showed low polymerizability, because of its good performance in terms of solubility, hydrolytic stability, hydroxyapatite interaction, acidity, and copolymerizability with HEMA, it shows potential to be used in self‐etching dental adhesives. The thermal polymerization of 3 resulted in soluble polymers and evaluation of monomer 4 in terms of solubility, acidity, and copolymerizability with HEMA indicated its potential as an adhesive monomer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Determination of baseline susceptibility of European populations of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) to indoxacarb and chlorantraniliprole using a novel dip bioassay method
Authors: Roditakis Emmanouil , Skarmoutsou Christina , Staurakaki Marianna , del Rosario Martínez‐Aguirre María , García‐Vidal Lidia , Bielza Pablo , Haddi Khalid , Rapisarda Carmelo , Rison Jean‐Luc , Bassi Andrea , Teixeira Luis A 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Tuta absoluta(Meyrick) is one of the most serious pests of tomato recently introduced in the Mediterranean region. A novel bioassay method designed for the accurate determination of insecticide toxicity on T. absoluta (IRAC method No. 022) was validated by three different laboratories [Greece (NAGREF), Italy (UC) and Spain (UPCT)] on European populations.RESULTS: The insecticides indoxacarb and chlorantraniliprole were used as reference products. The IRAC leaf dip method is easy to perform, producing repeatable, homogeneous responses. LC50 values for indoxacarb ranged between 1.8 and 17.9 mg L−1 (NAGREF), 0.93 and 10.8 mg L−1 (UC) and 0.20 and 0.70 mg L−1 (UPCT), resulting in a tenfold, 12‐fold and fourfold difference between the least and most susceptible populations at each laboratory respectively. For chlorantraniliprole, LC50 values ranged between 0.10 and 0.56 mg L−1 (NAGREF), 0.23 and 1.34 mg L−1 (UC) and 0.04 and 0.24 mg L−1 (UPCT), resulting in a sixfold difference in all three cases. Overall, UPCT reported lower mean LC50 to indoxacarb, while UC reported higher LC50 to chlorantraniliprole.CONCLUSIONS: The new bioassay is reliable, providing a useful tool in the design of IRM strategies. Within each country/lab, the variability observed in the results for both indoxacarb and chlorantraniliprole can be attributed to natural variation. Future research is necessary to determine the extent to which it is possible to compare results among laboratories. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Protein utilisation and intermediary metabolism of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) as a function of protein:lipid ratio
Authors: Borges Pedro , Medale Françoise , Dias Jorge , Valente Luísa M. P. 
Published: August 2012

Previous experiments with Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) have demonstrated that dietary lipid levels above 8 % impaired growth and did not promote protein retention. We hypothesised that this low ability to use high-lipid diets may depend on the dietary protein level. In the present study, a 2 × 2 factorial design was applied where two dietary lipid (4–17 % DM) and two dietary protein (below and above the requirement levels, 48 and 54 % DM) levels were tested in juveniles for 114 d. Growth performance was not improved by the increase in dietary fat, irrespectively of the dietary protein levels. Protein retention was similar among the diets, although fish fed the diets with high lipid content resulted in significantly lower protein gain. Among the enzymes involved in amino acid catabolism, only aspartate aminotransferase activity in the liver was affected by the dietary lipid levels, being stimulated in fish fed high-lipid diets. Moreover, phosphofructokinase 1 activity was significantly elevated in the muscle of Senegalese sole fed 4 % lipid diets, suggesting enhanced glycolysis in the muscle when the dietary lipid supply was limited and dietary starch increased. The results confirmed that high-lipid diets do not enhance growth, and data from the selected enzymes support the assumption that lipids are not efficiently used for energy production and protein sparing, even when dietary protein is below the protein requirement of the species. Furthermore, data suggest a significant role of glucose as the energy source in Senegalese sole.
Cryptosporidiumspecies in Australian wildlife and domestic animals
Authors: RYAN UNA , POWER MICHELLE 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYCryptosporidiumis an important enteric parasite that is transmitted via the fecal-oral route, water and food. Humans, wildlife and domestic livestock all potentially contributeCryptosporidiumto surface waters. Most species ofCryptosporidiumare morphologically indistinguishable and can only be identified using molecular tools. Over 24 species have been identified and of these, 7Cryptosporidiumspecies/genotypes are responsible for most human cryptosporidiosis cases. In Australia, relatively few genotyping studies have been conducted. SixCryptosporidiumspecies (C. hominis,C. parvum,C. meleagridis,C. fayeri,C. andersoniandC. bovis)have been identified in humans in Australia. However, little is known about the contribution of animal hosts to human pathogenic strains ofCryptosporidiumin drinking water catchments. In this review, we focus on the available genotyping data for native, feral and domestic animals inhabiting drinking water catchments in Australia to provide an improved understanding of the public health implications and to identify key research gaps.