bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of Risk Prediction Models for Enterprise Finance Sharing Operations Using K-Means and C4.5 Algorithms
Authors: Pan Chun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe evaluation of financial sharing centres in enterprises typically relies on outdated financial data, lacks comprehensive assessment, and presents risks such as employee misconduct. To address these challenges, we propose a risk prediction model for enterprise financial sharing operations based on the K-means clustering algorithm for performance evaluation and the C4.5 algorithm for managing employee risks. Our approach enhances the accuracy and objectivity of performance evaluation while improving the efficiency of personnel risk management. Results indicate that the K-means algorithm classifies employee performance into five levels, facilitating comprehensive performance evaluation. Furthermore, through risk management optimisation, accuracy and recall rates increase to 0.905 and 0.890, respectively. The proposed risk prediction model achieves high accuracy rates of 90.5% and 92.4% in the training and test sets, respectively. Practical application of our methodology and model in A Group's financial sharing centre demonstrates their effectiveness and potential for enhancing the operation and management of enterprise financial sharing centres.
Role of Topographic Forcing in the Maritime Continent Region in Interaction Between the East Asian Summer Monsoon and the Australian Winter Monsoon
Authors: Chen Wei , Guan Zhaoyong , Yang Huadong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe topography in the Maritime Continent (MC) has significant impact on climate anomalies in the Asian‐Australian monsoons region. In the present study, the Regional Climate Model Version 4.6 (RegCM4.6) is applied for the simulation of climate over the Asian‐Australian monsoon region during the boreal summer. Results demonstrate that the RegcM4.6 is able to well reproduce precipitation, temperature and low‐level and upper‐level circulation patterns over the Asian‐Australian monsoons region. A sensitivity experiment with zero topographic height in the MC region shows that the intensity of western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and Australian cold high both weaken simultaneously, while the cross‐equatorial flows also decline and the East Asian‐Australian monsoons become weaker. Meanwhile, the anomalous cyclonic circulation with significant convergence prevails in lower levels over the western Pacific, leading to more precipitation and higher temperature. In the MC region, there are more precipitation and high temperature in the north while there are less precipitation and low temperature in the south. Temperature increases over a large area from the Yunnan‐Guizhou Plateau to the Loess Plateau but decreases in the southeastern coast of China and eastern India. These results have important implications for better understanding the topographic impact of the MC region on the interaction between the east Asian‐Australian monsoons.
Resilience in River Corridors: How Much Do We Need?
Authors: Wohl Ellen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractResilience in river corridors refers to the ability to absorb disturbance and maintain processes, forms, and functions that support the river ecosystem and provide ecosystem services. Resilience derives from characteristics such as three‐dimensional connectivity, spatial heterogeneity, and physical and ecological integrity. Resilience is important as climate warming and growing human populations and consumptive demands change the disturbance regime affecting river corridors. Consequently, river management increasingly focuses on enhancing natural characteristics that create river resilience via (a) identifying the processes and features that promote and sustain resilience, (b) identifying portions of a river network and/or river corridor that are most resilient or most influential in creating resilience at larger spatial scales, and (c) protecting and restoring features that create resilience. Although the basic conceptual framework for these activities is well established, critical questions remain with respect to how reach‐scale management creates catchment‐scale results.
Instability and Mesoscale Eddy Fluxes in an Idealized 3‐Layer Beaufort Gyre
Authors: Isachsen Pål E. , Vogt‐Vincent Noam S. , Johnson Helen L. , Nilsson Johan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study the impacts of a continental slope on instability and mesoscale eddy fluxes in idealized 3‐layer numerical model simulations. The simulations are inspired by and mimic the situation in the Arctic Ocean's Beaufort Gyre, where anti‐cyclonic winds drive anti‐cyclonic currents that are guided by the continental slope. The forcing and currents are retrograde with respect to topographic Rossby waves. The focus of the analysis is on eddy potential vorticity (PV) fluxes and eddy‐mean flow interactions under the Transformed Eulerian Mean framework. Eddy lateral vorticity fluxes dominate over the continental slope where eddy form stress, that is, vertical momentum flux, is suppressed due to the topographic PV gradient. The diagnosis also shows that while eddy momentum fluxes are up‐gradient over parts of the slope, the total quasi‐geostrophic PV flux is down‐gradient everywhere. We then calculate the linearly unstable modes of the time‐mean state and find that the most unstable mode contains several key features of the observed finite‐amplitude fluxes over the slope, including down‐gradient PV fluxes. When accounting for additional unstable modes, more qualitative features of the observed eddy fluxes in the numerical model are reproduced.
Vortex Magnetic Domain State Behavior in the Day Plot
Authors: Williams Wyn , Moreno Roberto , Muxworthy Adrian R. , Paterson Greig A. , Nagy Lesleis , Tauxe Lisa , Donardelli Bellon Ualisson , Cowan Alison A. , Ferreira Idenildo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe ability of rocks to hold a reliable record of the ancient geomagnetic field depends on the structure and stability of magnetic domain‐states contained within constituent particles. In paleomagnetic studies, the Day plot is an easily constructed graph of magnetic hysteresis parameters that is frequently used to estimate the likely magnetic recording stability of samples. Often samples plot in the region of the Day plot attributed to so‐called pseudo‐single‐domain particles with little understanding of the implications for domain‐states or recording fidelity. Here we use micromagnetic models to explore the hysteresis parameters of magnetite particles with idealized prolate and oblate truncated‐octahedral geometries containing single domain (SD), single‐vortex and occasionally multi‐vortex states. We show that these domain states exhibit a well‐defined trend in the Day plot that extends from the SD region well into the multi‐domain region, all of which are likely to be stable remanence carriers. We suggest that although the interpretation of the Day plot and its variants might be subject to ambiguities, if the magnetic mineralogy is known, it can still provide some useful insights about paleomagnetic specimens' dominant domain state, average particle sizes and, consequently, their paleomagnetic stability.
Wind Forcing Controls on Antarctic Bottom Water Export From the Weddell Sea via Bottom Boundary Layer Processes
Authors: Auckland C. D. J. , Abrahamsen E. P. , Meredith M. P. , Garabato A. C. Naveira , Spingys C. P. , Frajka‐Williams E. , Gordon A. L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) exported from the Weddell Sea has experienced warming and contraction in the past 30 yrs. Superposed on this decadal trend is substantial annual and interannual variability in the volume and properties of Weddell‐sourced AABW. Several mechanisms have been suggested to explain these variations, many of which highlight a role of wind stress, but the comparative importance and possible simultaneity of the different mechanisms remains unclear. Using data from two mooring sites within the Weddell Sea, we find a rapid intensification of the abyssal boundary current carrying AABW through Orkney Passage (OP), the most direct export pathway of AABW from the Weddell Sea, in response to periods of strong zonal wind stress and anomalous wind stress curl along the South Scotia Ridge upstream of OP. This acceleration is concomitant with a 40% reduction in northward AABW transport in late 2015. The changes in transport follow anomalous wind forcing by approximately 3 months, with the short timescale indicative of a barotropic response in the flow through OP. The bottom boundary layer over the OP's sloping topography is found to have a key role in regulating export on monthly to interannual timescales. Increased boundary current velocity leading up to the passage forms a thickened bottom boundary layer, resulting in reduced AABW thickness and density, and thus restricting northward transport of AABW through the passage. Whilst other processes are likely to dominate on longer (decadal) periods, the dynamics identified here can explain significant variability on timescales up to interannual.
A Study of the Vortex Filament Pool Left by a Super Typhoon
Authors: Wu Renhao , Tong Chenyang , Liu Yu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEnhancing typhoon forecasts hinges on a deeper understanding of the upper‐ocean’s response and feedback mechanisms to typhoons. Presently, our knowledge of typhoon‐ocean interactions is largely derived from low‐resolution numerical simulations (often >10 km) and limited observations, which inadequately capture submesoscale processes (SPs) in the ocean. Connecting extreme typhoons to upper‐ocean SPs remains a challenge. This study reveals the formation of a distinctive vortex filament pool (VFP) in high‐resolution (∼1.2 km) numerical experiments. The experiments show that under specific conditions, typhoons can generate this visually striking phenomenon, displaying SP dynamics and kinematics typical of the upper ocean, with Rossby numbers and the nondimensional strain and divergence rates exceeding 2. The VFP formation is mainly driven by strain‐induced frontogenesis linked to the flow generated by Typhoon Nangka after a major turn. Initially, the pool consists of many near‐parallel filaments, but processes such as merging, stretching, and destabilization subsequently occur lead to numerous small vortices with a mean radius of ∼13 km. While the high‐resolution numerical experiments highlight phenomena requiring observational validation, they suggest the presence of natural processes previously undetectable with low‐resolution models and limited observations. This study underscores the need for enhanced observations and numerical models to better understand refined ocean dynamical processes.
The Coastal Sea‐Level Response to Wind Stress in the Middle Atlantic Bight
Authors: Lentz Steven J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnalysis of 40 years of tide gauge data and reanalysis wind stresses from the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB) indicate that along‐shelf wind stresses are a dominant driver of coastal dynamic sea level (sea level plus atmospheric pressure) variability at daily to yearly time scales. The sea‐level response to along‐shelf wind stress varies substantially along the coast and is accurately reproduced by a steady, barotropic, depth‐averaged model (Csanady, 1978, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520‐0485(1978)008<0047:tatw>2.0.co;2, Arrested Topographic Wave). The model indicates that the sea‐level response in the MAB depends primarily on the along‐shelf distribution of the along‐shelf wind stress, the Coriolis frequency, the bottom drag coefficient, and the cross‐shelf bottom slope. The along‐shelf wind stress varies along the MAB shelf due primarily to changes in the shelf orientation. The sea‐level response depends on both the local and upstream (in the sense of Kelvin wave propagation) along‐shelf wind stresses. Consequently, sea‐level variability at daily, monthly and yearly time scales along much of the central MAB coast is more strongly driven by upstream winds along the southern New England shelf than by local winds along the central MAB shelf. The residual coastal sea‐level variability, after removing the wind‐driven response and the trend, is roughly uniform along the MAB coast. The along‐coast average of the residual sea level at monthly and yearly time scales is caused by variations in shelf water densities primarily associated with the large annual cycle in water temperature and interannual variations in salinity.
Augmented Four‐Dimensional Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Wind Field Reconstruction via the Physics‐Informed Machine Learning Approach HYPER
Authors: Urco Juan M. , Feraco Fabio , Chau Jorge L. , Marino Raffaele 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) is a fluid framework whose multiscale dynamics is determined by a superposition of non‐linear processes and by the interplay of gravity waves and turbulent motions. A thorough comprehension of this atmospheric region requires substantial observational infrastructure, needed to resolve and disentangle its complex dynamics. State‐of‐the‐art observational methods struggle to accurately capture mesoscale dynamics due to the inherent difficulty to perform observations at MLT altitudes. A majority of the observational methods rely on assumptions such as homogeneity, smoothness of the prognostic fields, or zero vertical wind velocities, which may not hold in the upper atmosphere at the mesoscales. In this study, we introduce a novel machine learning‐based approach HYPER (HYdrodynamic Point‐wise Environment Reconstructor), designed to characterize MLT dynamics. HYPER utilizes a physics‐informed neural network to project sparse Doppler meteor detections into four‐dimensional time‐series arrays containing the Cartesian components of the velocity field. This method combines meteor radar observations with the physics prescribed by the Navier‐Stokes equations. The validation of HYPER was conducted through a series of benchmarks on numerical data and the application of our algorithm on actual meteor radar observations, all of which yielded realistic approximations of the reconstructed physical fields. This innovative approach represents a significant step toward an accurate characterization of the MLT dynamics, overcoming the limitations of existing methods, and providing valuable insights into the behavior of this poorly accessible region of the atmosphere.
Stanniocalcin 2 governs cancer cell adaptation to nutrient insufficiency through alleviation of oxidative stress
Authors: Qie Shuo , Xiong Haijuan , Liu Yaqi , Yan Chenhui , Wang Yalei , Tian Lifeng , Wang Chenguang , Sang Nianli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSolid tumours often endure nutrient insufficiency during progression. How tumour cells adapt to temporal and spatial nutrient insufficiency remains unclear. We previously identified STC2 as one of the most upregulated genes in cells exposed to nutrient insufficiency by transcriptome screening, indicating the potential of STC2 in cellular adaptation to nutrient insufficiency. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying STC2 induction by nutrient insufficiency and subsequent adaptation remain elusive. Here, we report that STC2 protein is dramatically increased and secreted into the culture media by Gln-/Glc- deprivation. STC2 promoter contains cis-elements that are activated by ATF4 and p65/RelA, two transcription factors activated by a variety of cellular stress. Biologically, STC2 induction and secretion promote cell survival but attenuate cell proliferation during nutrient insufficiency, thus switching the priority of cancer cells from proliferation to survival. Loss of STC2 impairs tumour growth by inducing both apoptosis and necrosis in mouse xenografts. Mechanistically, under nutrient insufficient conditions, cells have increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lack of STC2 further elevates ROS levels that lead to increased apoptosis. RNA-Seq analyses reveal STC2 induction suppresses the expression of monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), a mitochondrial membrane enzyme that produces ROS. Moreover, a negative correlation between STC2 and MAOB levels is also identified in human tumour samples. Importantly, the administration of recombinant STC2 to the culture media effectively suppresses MAOB expression as well as apoptosis, suggesting STC2 functions in an autocrine/paracrine manner. Taken together, our findings indicate that nutrient insufficiency induces STC2 expression, which in turn governs the adaptation of cancer cells to nutrient insufficiency through the maintenance of redox homoeostasis, highlighting the potential of STC2 as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
The immunology of sickness metabolism
Authors: Wensveen Felix M. , Šestan Marko , Polić Bojan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEveryone knows that an infection can make you feel sick. Although we perceive infection-induced changes in metabolism as a pathology, they are a part of a carefully regulated process that depends on tissue-specific interactions between the immune system and organs involved in the regulation of systemic homeostasis. Immune-mediated changes in homeostatic parameters lead to altered production and uptake of nutrients in circulation, which modifies the metabolic rate of key organs. This is what we experience as being sick. The purpose of sickness metabolism is to generate a metabolic environment in which the body is optimally able to fight infection while denying vital nutrients for the replication of pathogens. Sickness metabolism depends on tissue-specific immune cells, which mediate responses tailored to the nature and magnitude of the threat. As an infection increases in severity, so do the number and type of immune cells involved and the level to which organs are affected, which dictates the degree to which we feel sick. Interestingly, many alterations associated with metabolic disease appear to overlap with immune-mediated changes observed following infection. Targeting processes involving tissue-specific interactions between activated immune cells and metabolic organs therefore holds great potential for treating both people with severe infection and those with metabolic disease. In this review, we will discuss how the immune system communicates in situ with organs involved in the regulation of homeostasis and how this communication is impacted by infection.
Selective industry adoption of a voluntary front-of-pack nutrition label results in low and skewed uptake: 10-year results for the Health Star Rating
Authors: Keaney Mariel , Maganja Damian , Barrett Eden , Pettigrew Simone , Jones Alexandra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFront-of-pack nutrition labelling (FOPNL) on packaged foods is recommended by the World Health Organization to promote healthier diets. Our aim was to assess uptake of Australia’s FOPNL, the Health Star Rating (HSR), overall and by HSR score received (0.5 (less healthy) to 5.0 (more healthy) in 0.5 increments) after ten years of voluntary implementation. In a sample of 21,197 products, we found HSR uptake of 37% overall in 2023. Uptake was unevenly distributed, with 24% of products with an HSR ≤ 3 displaying the label, compared to 53% of products scoring ≥3.5 (p < 0.001). Low HSR uptake on poorly rated products demonstrates that most food manufacturers will only display FOPNL where marketing value exists in a voluntary system. Poor and uneven HSR uptake limits consumers’ ability to meaningfully use the label to compare and choose healthier products. Government action is urgently required to make the HSR system mandatory.
Do we neglect nutrition in childhood interstitial lung disease?
Authors: Emiralioglu Nagehan , Kiper Nural 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGrowth failure and inadequate weight gain are common problems in childhood interstitial lung diseases (chILD) and these children usually need high calories. It is important to manage both pulmonary functions and nutrition as part of their overall treatment plan and early interventions will help children to improve their quality of life and slow the progression of chronic lung disease. Nutritional evaluation on routine clinical follow-up is important, although there are not any specific guidelines for chILD. Nutritional education, high balanced energy, protein, and fat diet will assist to improve weight gain and maintenance of adequate nutrition status in children with ILD.
Direct tracking of H2 roaming reaction in real time
Authors: Mishra Debadarshini , LaForge Aaron C. , Gorman Lauren M. , Díaz-Tendero Sergio , Martín Fernando , Berrah Nora 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRoaming is an unconventional type of molecular reaction where fragments, instead of immediately dissociating, remain weakly bound due to long-range Coulombic interactions. Due to its prevalence and ability to form new molecular compounds, roaming is fundamental to photochemical reactions in small molecules. However, the neutral character of the roaming fragment and its indeterminate trajectory make it difficult to identify experimentally. Here, we introduce an approach to image roaming, utilizing intense, femtosecond IR radiation combined with Coulomb explosion imaging to directly reconstruct the momentum vector of the neutral roaming H2, a precursor to $${{{{{{{{\rm{H}}}}}}}}_{3}}^{+}$$

H

3

+

formation, in acetonitrile, CH3CN. This technique provides a kinematically complete picture of the underlying molecular dynamics and yields an unambiguous experimental signature of roaming. We corroborate these findings with quantum chemistry calculations, resolving this unique dissociative process.
Robust analysis of allele-specific copy number alterations from scRNA-seq data with XClone
Authors: Huang Rongting , Huang Xianjie , Tong Yin , Yan Helen Y. N. , Leung Suet Yi , Stegle Oliver , Huang Yuanhua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSomatic copy number alterations (CNAs) are major mutations that contribute to the development and progression of various cancers. Despite a few computational methods proposed to detect CNAs from single-cell transcriptomic data, the technical sparsity of such data makes it challenging to identify allele-specific CNAs, particularly in complex clonal structures. In this study, we present a statistical method, XClone, that strengthens the signals of read depth and allelic imbalance by effective smoothing on cell neighborhood and gene coordinate graphs to detect haplotype-aware CNAs from scRNA-seq data. By applying XClone to multiple datasets with challenging compositions, we demonstrated its ability to robustly detect different types of allele-specific CNAs and potentially indicate whole genome duplication, therefore enabling the discovery of corresponding subclones and the dissection of their phenotypic impacts.
eIF4E-independent translation is largely eIF3d-dependent
Authors: Roiuk Mykola , Neff Marilena , Teleman Aurelio A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTranslation initiation is a highly regulated step needed for protein synthesis. Most cell-based mechanistic work on translation initiation has been done using non-stressed cells growing in medium with sufficient nutrients and oxygen. This has yielded our current understanding of ‘canonical’ translation initiation, involving recognition of the mRNA cap by eIF4E1 followed by successive recruitment of initiation factors and the ribosome. Many cells, however, such as tumor cells, are exposed to stresses such as hypoxia, low nutrients or proteotoxic stress. This leads to inactivation of mTORC1 and thereby inactivation of eIF4E1. Hence the question arises how cells translate mRNAs under such stress conditions. We study here how mRNAs are translated in an eIF4E1-independent manner by blocking eIF4E1 using a constitutively active version of eIF4E-binding protein (4E-BP). Via ribosome profiling we identify a subset of mRNAs that are still efficiently translated when eIF4E1 is inactive. We find that these mRNAs preferentially release eIF4E1 when eIF4E1 is inactive and bind instead to eIF3d via its cap-binding pocket. eIF3d then enables these mRNAs to be efficiently translated due to its cap-binding activity. In sum, our work identifies eIF3d-dependent translation as a major mechanism enabling mRNA translation in an eIF4E-independent manner.