bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiological Investigation of Persistent Mortalities in Litopenaeus vannamei Grown in Low Saline Waters in India
Authors: Sanathkumar Hirekudel , Ravi Charan , Padinhatupurayil Suresh Babu , Mol Mini , Prasad Jilagam Krishna , Nayak Binaya Bhusan 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Microbial diseases are a serious hindrance to successful shrimp aquaculture. The Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is an exotic species recently introduced in India to supplement the failing aquaculture of the Asian tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon due to viral diseases. However, after a brief initial success, the aquaculture of L. vannamei is also experiencing serious problems due to microbial diseases. In this study, we conducted a microbiological investigation into the problem of persistent mortalities in selected L. vannamei farms on the southeastern coast of India. The infected shrimps were positive for the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) by a nested PCR, though no visible white spots were present on the animals. The shrimps were heavily colonized by Vibrio parahemolyticus, which were isolated from the hepatopancreas, gills, and the body surface. The pond water, despite being low saline groundwater, harbored large numbers of V. parahemolyticus and other Vibrio species, and V. parahemolyticus isolated from L. vannamei were resistant to β-lactam antibiotics and cephalosporins. Our results strongly suggest that the persistent mortalities of L. vannamei were due to a co-infection by V. parahemolyticus and WSSV.
Received December 16, 2013; accepted February 14, 2014
Survival of Fish-Pathogenic Strains of Aeromonas hydrophila under Starvation
Authors: Zhang Xiaojun , Cai Wenlong , Tao Zhen , Arias Cova R. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The survival of Aeromonas hydrophila under low-nutrient conditions was investigated in this study. The behavior of three strains isolated from Common Carp Cyprinus carpio (China) and Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus (USA) was compared when cells were starved at different temperatures (4, 15, 25, and 35°C) over a 4-week period. Temperature played a major role in cell survival, and cell viability decreased rapidly at 4°C. Conversely, cells stored at 15°C did not lose viability over time. Warmer temperatures (25°C and 35°C) decreased cell numbers by approximately one order of magnitude. Ultrastructural changes in cell morphology were observed in starved cells. Our data confirm that A. hydrophila can persist in the aquatic environment for extended periods, but survival is strongly influenced by temperature.
Received December 13, 2013; accepted March 22, 2014
Cell Culture Medium Inhibits Antigen Binding Used in an ELISA for Detection of Antibodies against Nervous Necrosis Virus
Authors: Choi Bomi , Gye Hyun Jung , Oh Myung-Joo , Nishizawa Toyohiko 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We investigated the optimum dilution of nervous necrosis virus (NNV) for use as antigens to detect antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the Sevenband Grouper Epinephelus septemfasciatus. The ELISA values for a standardized suspension of antigens diluted with L-15 medium containing 1% fetal bovine serum decreased gradually with the dilution of the antigens, whereas those for the antigens diluted with distilled water (DW) initially increased with the dilution of the antigens, peaked at a 320-fold dilution, and then decreased thereafter. Additional studies revealed that binding of NNV antigens to ELISA wells was inhibited by fetal bovine serum and other substances in the L-15 medium. Sera obtained from Sevenband Grouper vaccinated with live NNV vaccine and survivors from natural NNV-infection were subjected to antibody detection by ELISA. All of the sera were positive by ELISA when the standardized suspension was diluted 320-fold, whereas sera from five out of the six survivors and two out of the six vaccinated fish were negative or weakly positive by ELISA using NNV antigens diluted 10-fold. We therefore concluded that cultured NNV solutions prepared in cell culture media may need to be diluted with distilled water for use in ELISA.
Received January 28, 2014; accepted April 16, 2014
Effect of OH depletion on measurements of the mass-to-flux ratio in molecular cloud cores
Authors: Tassis K. , Willacy K. , Yorke Harold W. , Turner Neal J. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The ratio of mass and magnetic flux determines the relative importance of magnetic and gravitational forces in the evolution of molecular clouds and their cores. Its measurement is thus central in discriminating between different theories of core formation and evolution. Here, we discuss the effect of chemical depletion on measurements of the mass-to-flux ratio using the same molecule (OH) both for Zeeman measurements of the magnetic field and the determination of the mass of the region. The uncertainties entering through the OH abundance in determining separately the magnetic field and the mass of a region have been recognized in the literature. It has been proposed however that, when comparing two regions of the same cloud, the abundance will in both cases be the same. We show that this assumption is invalid. We demonstrate that when comparing regions with different densities, the effect of OH depletion, in measuring changes of the mass-to-flux ratio between different parts of the same cloud can even reverse the direction of the underlying trends (for example, the mass-to-flux ratio may appear to decrease as we move to higher density regions). The systematic errors enter primarily through the inadequate estimation of the mass of the region.
BBX19 Interacts with CONSTANS to RepressFLOWERING LOCUS TTranscription, Defining a Flowering Time Checkpoint inArabidopsis
Authors: Wang Chang-Quan , Guthrie Cade , Sarmast Mostafa Khoshhal , Dehesh Katayoon 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe timely transition of vegetative to reproductive development is coordinated through quantitative regulation of floral pathway genes in response to physiological and environmental cues. Here, we show that the circadian-controlled expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana floral transition regulators FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and CONSTANS (CO) is antiphasic to that of BBX19, a transcription factor with two B-Box motifs. Diminished expression of BBX19 by RNA interference accelerates flowering, and constitutive expression of BBX19 delays flowering under inductive photoperiods. This delay is not accompanied by the alteration of CO expression levels but rather by a reduction of transcript levels of FT and the FT-regulated genes SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1, LEAFY, and FRUITFUL. Similar to CO, BBX19 is expressed in vasculature. BBX19 and CO colocalize in the nucleus and interact physically in vivo. In transient assays, coinfiltration of 10-fold more CO overcomes the BBX19-mediated repression of FT activation. Substitution of the conserved Cys-25 to Ser in the BBX19 Box1 motif abolishes the BBX19–CO interaction and eliminates the negative regulation of flowering time, while the analogous C76S substitution in the Box2 motif is ineffective. Together, these results implicate BBX19 as a circadian clock output that depletes the active CO pool to accurately monitor daylength and precisely time FT expression.
A Root-Expressed l-Phenylalanine:4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Aminotransferase Is Required for Tropane Alkaloid Biosynthesis in Atropa belladonna
Authors: Bedewitz Matthew A. , Góngora-Castillo Elsa , Uebler Joseph B. , Gonzales-Vigil Eliana , Wiegert-Rininger Krystle E. , Childs Kevin L. , Hamilton John P. , Vaillancourt Brieanne , Yeo Yun-Soo , Chappell Joseph , DellaPenna Dean , Jones A. Daniel , Buell C. Robin , Barry Cornelius S. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The tropane alkaloids, hyoscyamine and scopolamine, are medicinal compounds that are the active components of several therapeutics. Hyoscyamine and scopolamine are synthesized in the roots of specific genera of the Solanaceae in a multistep pathway that is only partially elucidated. To facilitate greater understanding of tropane alkaloid biosynthesis, a de novo transcriptome assembly was developed for Deadly Nightshade (Atropa belladonna). Littorine is a key intermediate in hyoscyamine and scopolamine biosynthesis that is produced by the condensation of tropine and phenyllactic acid. Phenyllactic acid is derived from phenylalanine via its transamination to phenylpyruvate, and mining of the transcriptome identified a phylogenetically distinct aromatic amino acid aminotransferase (ArAT), designated Ab-ArAT4, that is coexpressed with known tropane alkaloid biosynthesis genes in the roots of A. belladonna. Silencing of Ab-ArAT4 disrupted synthesis of hyoscyamine and scopolamine through reduction of phenyllactic acid levels. Recombinant Ab-ArAT4 preferentially catalyzes the first step in phenyllactic acid synthesis, the transamination of phenylalanine to phenylpyruvate. However, rather than utilizing the typical keto-acid cosubstrates, 2-oxoglutarate, pyruvate, and oxaloacetate, Ab-ArAT4 possesses strong substrate preference and highest activity with the aromatic keto-acid, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate. Thus, Ab-ArAT4 operates at the interface between primary and specialized metabolism, contributing to both tropane alkaloid biosynthesis and the direct conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine.
Distance context based PCB film image alignment
Authors: Zheng Chengyong , Li Hong , Li Guokuan 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– This paper presents a novel printed circuit board (PCB) film image alignment method based on distance context of image components, which can be directly used for PCB film inspection. PCB film inspection plays a very important role in PCB production.

Design/methodology/approach
– First, image components of reference film image and inspected film image are extracted. Then, local distance context (LDC) and global distance context (GDC) are computed for each image component. Using LDC and GDC, the similarity of each pair of components between the reference film image and the inspected film image are computed, the component correspondences can be established accordingly and the parameters for aligning these two images can be eventually estimated.

Findings
– LDC and GDC act as the local spatial distribution descriptor and the global relative position descriptor of the current component, and they are invariant to translation, rotating and scale. Experimental results on aligning real PCB film images against various rotations and scaling transformation show that the proposed algorithm is fast and accurate and is very suitable for PCB film inspection.

Research limitations/implications
– The proposed algorithm is suitable for aligning those images that have some isolated connected components, such as the PCB film images. It is not suitable for general image alignment.

Originality/value
– We put forward to use LDC and GDC as the local descriptor and global descriptor of an image component, and designed a PCB film image alignment algorithm that can overcome the shortcomings of that image alignment algorithm that was based on local feature descriptors such as Fourier descriptor.
Managing pain in prison: staff perspectives
Authors: Walsh Elizabeth , Butt Christine , Freshwater Dawn , Dobson Rachael , Wright Nat , Cahill Jane , Briggs Michelle , Alldred David 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present the findings of one part of a larger study, funded by the National Institute for Health Research, which explored the management of pain in adult male prisoners in one large category B prison in England. In this paper, the authors focus on the attitudes and perceptions of prison staff towards pain management in prison.

Design/methodology/approach
– A qualitative design was utilised to explore the staff perceptions of pain and pain management in one adult male prison. Questionnaires were provided for all staff with prisoner contact, and a follow up focus group was undertaken to further explore questionnaire data.

Findings
– The questionnaire and focus group findings demonstrated that staff had a good awareness of pain and pain management in prison, with both physical and emotional pain identified. The frequency of approaches by prisoners to staff for pain relief was noted to be high, whilst awareness of how the prison environment could potentially exacerbate pain was discussed. The acquisition of analgesia by prisoners for secondary gain was identified as a challenge to both assessing levels of pain and providing pain relief in prison, illustrating the complexity of providing care within a custodial culture. The effect on staff of caring for prisoners found to be confrontational and deceitful was significant for participants, with feelings of anger and frustration reported.

Research limitations/implications
– This study was undertaken in one adult male category B prison with a very high turnover of prisoners. Staff working in other types of prison, for example, higher security or those more stable with longer sentenced prisoners could provide alternative views, as may staff caring for younger offenders and women. The challenges to undertaking research in prison with staff who can understandably be reluctant to engage in reflection on their practice cannot be underestimated and impact significantly on available methodologies.

Originality/value
– This qualitative research is the first of its kind to offer the perspectives of both health care professionals and prison staff working with prisoners complaining of pain in an English prison. It provides the groundwork for further research and development.
Relationships between intra-organizational resources, supply chain integration and business performance
Authors: Xu Dehui , Huo Baofeng , Sun Linyan 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of intra-organizational resources, including top management support (TMS) and information technology (IT), on inter-organizational capabilities including supply chain integration (SCI, with a focus on supplier integration (SI) and customer integration (CI)) and on business performance via a resource-based view (RBV), socio-technical systems theory and an extended resource-based view (ERBV).Design/methodology/approach– Partial least squares is used to analyze a sample of 176 manufacturers in China.Findings– TMS and IT are two vital enablers of SCI and have different roles in improving SCI. In addition, SI has a significant effect on business performance, and CI has a marginally significant effect.Originality/value– Based on the RBV/ERBV, this study explores the enablers of SCI and their effects on business performance, ultimately contributing to both SCI theories and practices.
Performance-based logistics – an illusive panacea or a concept for the future?
Authors: Holmbom Martin , Bergquist Bjarne , Vanhatalo Erik 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to summarize previously reported benefits, drawbacks and important aspects for implementation of performance-based logistics (PBL), and to identify knowledge gaps.

Design/methodology/approach
– This is a literature review based on 101 articles. The reviewed articles are relevant to PBL in particular, but also to performance contracting, product-service systems (PSS) and servitization in general. The research method involved database searches, filtering results and reviewing publications.

Findings
– PBL is a business concept that aims to reduce the customer's total costs for capital-intensive products and increase the supplier's profit. The design of the contract, performance measurements and payment models are important aspects for successful implementation. However, the authors find a reason for concern to be the lack of empirical evidence of the profitability of PBL for the customer and the supplier.

Originality/value
– This literature review of PBL also includes publications from the related research areas: performance contracting, PSS and servitization. Developing PBL can benefit from results in these research areas.
An evaluation of input and output of expert systems for selection of material handling equipment
Authors: M.D. Hassan Mohsen 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to evaluate expert systems (ES) for selection of material handling (MH) equipment on their use of information and generation of equipment, and provide guidelines that can enhance developing them in the future.Design/methodology/approach– Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to evaluate efficiency of ES on their use of information and generation of equipment. Characteristics of benchmark ES are identified to serve as guidelines in developing future ES.Findings– Results of DEA indicate that most ES use a large amount of information that does not commensurate with the number and variety of equipment they generate.Research limitations/implications– The ideal MH equipment for a situation is not known whether it is selected by ES or other procedures. Therefore, this study focusses on efficiency of ES in using information to generate MH equipment without regard to whether ES produce the right equipment for a situation or not.Practical implications– Developers of future ES should consider the efficiency of an ES in using information and generation of equipment, in addition to considering its functions and methodologies. They should utilize means similar to those employed by benchmark methodologies and other ones that can be thought of to economize information and generate more number and variety of equipment, and thus render ES more useful to facility designers and manufacturing managers.Originality/value– The paper presents the first evaluation of ES for selection of MH equipment. The evaluation performed should enhance development of future ES in this field, and can be extended to ES in other application domains.
Open Source Software solutions in Indian libraries
Authors: Hanumappa Anilkumar , Dora Mallikarjun , Navik Viral 
Published: September 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the Open Source Software (OSS) market relevant to Indian libraries and more specifically, to review the existing library automation, i.e. Integrated Library Management System (ILMS) and Digital Library (DL) software solutions.Design/methodology/approach– Survey method was adopted to collect data for this study and the sample population for this study included 356 library professionals.Findings– The study findings indicate presence of OSS like Koha and NewGenLib in the ILMS category and Dspace, Eprints and Greenstone in the DL software category in India. The study also indicates that there is considerable interest among Indian libraries to adopt or migrate to OSS.Research limitations/implications– The sample included largely, more than 80 percent, responses from the academic library segment and hence the results and analysis maybe more skewed to the academic library segment. However the implications of this study could be extended to other type of libraries and facilitate library professionals to make software choices with respect to library automation.Originality/value– In addition to exploring the opportunities of OSS implementation in Indian libraries, the study includes issues related to migration, implementation, budget, training, etc. The study would have value for library professionals and OSS vendors to understand the Indian library market in the context of OSS.
Web services to link interlibrary software with OCLC WorldShare
Authors: Rodríguez-Gairín Josep-Manuel , Somoza-Fernández Marta 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe the use of web services to interconnect the GTBib interlibrary loan (ILL) program with the OCLC WorldShare platform.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors describe the current problem of duplication of procedures in libraries that have added their collections to the OCLC WorldCat catalog in recent years and are therefore more likely to receive ILL requests through the WorldShare platform.

Findings
– A solution that uses web services to insert and retrieve requests between the two systems is presented. Autonomous agents periodically check the status of the requests and keep them updated and synchronized. These agents also inform the library staff of any variation or inconsistency that is detected.

Practical implications
– This technology reduces process management time by making it unnecessary to introduce the request data in both systems. Agents are used to check the consistency of statuses between the two systems, thus avoiding errors and omissions and improving the efficiency of the whole ILL process.

Originality/value
– This paper describes in detail the technical aspects of the development as a reference for the development of future applications.
What if expatriates decide to leave? The mediation effect of the psychological contract fulfilment
Authors: Santos Cesário Francisco , José Chambel Maria , Guillén Carlos 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships among expatriates’ perceived human resource management practices (HRMP), psychological contract fulfilment (PCF) and turnover intention (TI).

Design/methodology/approach
– The study sampled 100 expatriates from a Portuguese company through a survey questionnaire. The paper used structural equation modelling (SEM) analyses to explore relationships between the variables and to test its hypotheses.

Findings
– Data showed that expatriates’ perceived fulfilment of their psychological contracts was negatively related to TI. The study also finds a positive relationship between HRMP and the fulfilment of psychological contract. Moreover, expatriates’ perceived fulfilment of psychological contract was found to be a mediator between HRMP and TI. Thus, a subjective perception of PCF is an important predictor of TI, but this perception is related with the HRMP developed by the organisation during the mission.

Research limitations/implication
– First, the study is limited due to the sample nature and the lack of longitudinal design not allowing causal relationships to be established between the variables. Second, all variables were measured using self-reported data, raising the question of whether the results may have been contaminated by common method variance.

Practical implications
– An important implication from this research is that organisations should develop appropriate HR practices during the mission and maintain open communications with their expatriates to ensure clear understanding of the agreement existing about the international mission.

Originality/value
– Few research studies are available to the authors’ knowledge to assess HRM practices with specific measure to expatriation context and with a Portuguese sample.