bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneously Predicting Pharmacokinetics of Loratadine and Desloratadine in Children Using a Whole‐Body Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model
Authors: Liu Tianlei , Mu Ruijing , Liu Xiaodong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLoratadine is metabolized to desloratadine. Both of them have been used for allergy treatment in children. Anatomical, physiological, and biological parameters of children and clearance of drugs vary with age. We aimed to develop a whole‐body physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to simultaneously predict the pharmacokinetics of loratadine and desloratadine in children. Following validation using 11 adult data sets, the developed PBPK model was extrapolated to children. Plasma concentrations following oral loratadine or desloratadine to children of different ages were simulated and compared with six children data sets. After scaling anatomy/physiology, protein binding, and clearance, pharmacokinetics of the two drugs in pediatric populations were satisfactorily predicted. Most of the observed concentrations fell within the 5th‐95th percentile range of the simulations in 1000 virtual children. The predicted area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC) and Cmax fell within 0.5‐2.0‐fold range of the observations. Oral doses of loratadine or desloratadine for children of different ages were simulated based on similar AUCs following 10 mg of loratadine or 5 mg of desloratadine for adults. Pediatric PBPK model was successfully developed to simultaneously predict plasma concentrations of loratadine and desloratadine in children of all ages. The developed pediatric PBPK model may also be applied to optimize pediatric dosage.
On vertex‐transitive graphs with a unique hamiltonian cycle
Authors: Miraftab Babak , Morris Dave Witte 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA graph is said to be uniquely hamiltonian if it has a unique hamiltonian cycle. For a natural extension of this concept to infinite graphs, we find all uniquely hamiltonian vertex‐transitive graphs with finitely many ends, and also discuss some examples with infinitely many ends. In particular, we show each nonabelian free group has a Cayley graph of degree that has a unique hamiltonian circle. (A weaker statement had been conjectured by Georgakopoulos.) Furthermore, we prove that these Cayley graphs of are outerplanar.
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency in five siblings with variable phenotypes, including fulminant fatal liver failure despite good engraftment of transplanted liver
Authors: Mihaljević Mihaela , Petković Ramadža Danijela , Žigman Tamara , Rako Ivana , Galić Slobodan , Matić Toni , Rubić Filip , Čulo Čagalj Ivana , Mayer Davor , Gojević Ante , Ćavar Stanko , Ćorić Marijana , Achleitner Melanie T. , Mayr Johannes A. , Fumić Ksenija , Vuković Jurica , Barić Ivo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) deficiency can, in one of its forms, be a rare cause of acute liver failure. Clinical presentation is nonspecific. Biochemical findings can reflect metabolic block, but vary depending on patient and his condition. Consensus treatment guidelines do not exist. We present a family with five members suffering from DLD deficiency. Patient 1 presented with emesis, mental deterioration, and fulminant hepatic failure, which required high‐urgency liver transplantation. His younger brother, patient 2, experienced unexplained hypoglycemia and metabolic acidosis on the second day after cardiac surgery. Three affected younger siblings were asymptomatic. In patients with acute liver failure of unknown etiology urgent metabolic work‐up should be done, and whole exome sequencing considered. Liver transplantation remains life‐saving treatment option, but its outcome may be dependent on etiology‐specific supportive treatment.
Optimizing gelation properties of mixed meat myofibrillar proteins: investigating the effects of different proportions of beef, pork and chicken on physicochemical, structural and gelation properties
Authors: Zhou Yajun , Guo Luyao , Ma Zhiyuan , Li Zongping , Ma Qingshu , Wang Shujie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe gelation properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) directly affect the texture, taste and water‐holding capacity (WHC) of meat products. To enhance the gelation properties of single‐species meat MP, the present study investigated the influence of different proportions of beef, pork and chicken MP on the physicochemical properties, structure and gelation properties of the MP.RESULTSThe results revealed that, when the proportion reached 5:2:3, the particle size decreases, leading to the maximum decomposition and unfolding of MPs, which exposes a greater number of hydrophobic amino acid residues. These changes promote interactions between protein molecules, especially the unfolding of α‐helices and the formation of β‐sheets during the heating process, which provides favorable conditions for the formation of protein gels and improves the gel strength and WHC of MP gels. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy revealed that the mixed MP gels are more compact and have more uniform gel networks and pores compared to single‐species MP gels.CONCLUSIONBased on these results, the synergistic effect is induced by the interactions between proteins from different. This research provides a method for the subsequent development of new meat products and improvement of meat product quality, and also lays a theoretical foundation for composite research of proteins from different sources. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Significant contribution of amino acids to antioxidant capacity of Japanese rice wine (sake)
Authors: Tsuji Atsushi , Koyanagi Takashi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundVarious antioxidant components have been reported in Japanese rice wine (sake), while the contribution ratio of each component to the antioxidant capacity of whole sake has not been well understood. In this study, we evaluated the radical absorption capacity (H‐ORAC and/or DPPH radical scavenging ability) and antioxidant components of commercially available sake, and estimated the major components contributing to antioxidant capacity.ResultsWater‐soluble components with a molecular weight of less than 3000 contributed more than 90% to H‐ORAC of sake by measuring the ultrafiltered fraction. The Maillard reaction seemed to have little influence on H‐ORAC by browning experiments. The radical absorption capacity of sake showed a strong positive correlation with the amounts of four antioxidant amino acids (Cys, Met, Tyr, Trp) and two phenolic acids (ferulic acid and p‐coumaric acid). Evaluating H‐ORAC of a sake model solution composed of these antioxidants revealed that the four amino acids showed a clearly higher contribution (25.7–58.2%) than the phenolic acids. In addition, there was a slight synergistic effect when the four amino acids were mixed, whereas such effects were not seen when mixed with the phenolic acids and other sake major components (organic acids, glucose and ethanol).ConclusionWe concluded that the contribution of free amino acids to the radical absorption capacity is quite important in sake. These findings will provide a new perspective for antioxidant researches of sake and many fermented foods. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Skin matrix meets immunomatrix—Implications for genetic and acquired diseases
Authors: Nyström Alexander , Conradt Gregor , Lehr Saskia , Kiritsi Dimitra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAn extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for multicellular life. Apart from being a scaffold, it is an actively signalling unit, orchestrating homo‐ and heterocellular communication to uphold tissue homeostasis or elicit an appropriate regenerative response after injury. The skin as a barrier organ meeting unremittent physical biological and chemical challenges is dependent on both a specialized ECM and attentive yet balanced immune surveillance. Intriguingly, skin‐like ECM composites occur in primary and secondary lymphoid organs. Evolutionary, the expansion of the ECM coincides with development of adaptive immunity. Studies of acquired and genetic skin diseases suggest that the skin and lymphoid ECMs are essential, emerging, but yet‐under‐appreciated, gatekeepers of dermal immune homeostasis. Here, we summarize knowledge of the dermal and skin‐distal lymphoid ECM as a mediator of skin immune homeostasis. We argue that increased awareness of the lymphoid‐ECM as a potential regulator of skin immunity will increase our understanding of diseases linked to skin inflammation and allow for improved treatment options of them.
Simultaneous cochlear implantation with early endoscopic surgery in small acoustic neuroma
Authors: Bae Seong Hoon , Battilocchi Ludovica , Yunbin Nam , Lapina Gerard , Yun Ji Min , Moon In Seok 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe exclusive endoscopic transcanal transpromontorial approach (EETTA) has recently been developed for the removal of small‐sized acoustic neuromas in the labyrinth (intralabyrinthine schwannoma [ILS]) or internal auditory canal (IAC). Although small tumors that meet the indications for EETTA are also good candidates for cochlear implantation (CI), there are few reports on CI after schwannoma removal using EETTA. Here we present an outcome of patients who underwent simultaneous EETTA and CI.MethodsFive patients (two with IAC fundus tumors and three with ILS) who underwent simultaneous EETTA and CI between 2020 and 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. Their medical charts and test results were reviewed.ResultsAfter at least 12 months of follow‐up, there were no severe surgical complications such as meningitis, infection, or skin necrosis. Four of the five patients responded to auditory stimulation. Three out of four auditory‐responsive patients scored >80% on sentence recognition.ConclusionSimultaneous EETTA and CI are feasible for the treatment of ILS and IAC fundus tumors. Preservation of the cochlear nerve and modiolus is important for favorable CI outcomes. Therefore, ILS and IAC fundus tumors in patients with nonserviceable hearing should be surgically removed as early as possible to enable proper hearing rehabilitation with CI.Level of EvidenceLevel 4.
Effect of magnetic‐thermal coordinated control solidification on grains and porosities of a superalloy K4169
Authors: Zhu C. , Zhang K. L. , Li Y. J. , Zheng C. , Feng X. H. , Yang Y. S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSince the solidification structure of metals cast by conventional mold casting often has porosity defect, the combination of low voltage pulsed magnetic field and thermally controlled solidification was used to solve this defect. The combination method is called magnetic‐thermal coordinated control solidification. Pulsed magnetic field stirring can refine equiaxed grains, and the thermally controlled solidification method can eliminate the concentrated shrinkage cavity and reduce the dispersed shrinkage porosity. Thus, a superalloy K4169 with fine equiaxed grains, low content of dispersed shrinkage porosity and without concentrated shrinkage cavity defect is fabricated by magnetic‐thermal coordinated control solidification.
Feasibility of 3D MRI fingerprinting for rapid knee cartilage T1, T2, and T1ρ mapping at 0.55T: Comparison with 3T
Authors: De Moura Hector L. , Monga Anmol , Zhang Xiaoxia , Zibetti Marcelo V. W. , Keerthivasan Mahesh B. , Regatte Ravinder R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLow‐field strength scanners present an opportunity for more inclusive imaging exams and bring several challenges including lower signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and longer scan times. Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) is a rapid quantitative multiparametric method that can enable multiple quantitative maps simultaneously. To demonstrate the feasibility of an MRF sequence for knee cartilage evaluation in a 0.55T system we performed repeatability and accuracy experiments with agar‐gel phantoms. Additionally, five healthy volunteers (age 32 ± 4 years old, 2 females) were scanned at 3T and 0.55T. The MRI acquisition protocols include a stack‐of‐stars T1ρ‐enabled MRF sequence, a VIBE sequence with variable flip angles (VFA) for T1 mapping, and fat‐suppressed turbo flash (TFL) sequences for T2 and T1ρ mappings. Double‐Echo steady‐state (DESS) sequence was also used for cartilage segmentation. Acquisitions were performed at two different field strengths, 0.55T and 3T, with the same sequences but protocols were slightly different to accommodate differences in signal‐to‐noise ratio and relaxation times. Cartilage segmentation was done using five compartments. T1, T2, and T1ρ values were measured in the knee cartilage using both MRF and conventional relaxometry sequences. The MRF sequence demonstrated excellent repeatability in a test–retest experiment with model agar‐gel phantoms, as demonstrated with correlation and Bland–Altman plots. Underestimation of T1 values was observed on both field strengths, with the average global difference between reference values and the MRF being 151 ms at 0.55T and 337 ms at 3T. At 0.55T, MRF measurements presented significant biases but strong correlations with the reference measurements. Although a larger error was present in T1 measurements, MRF measurements trended similarly to the conventional measurements for human subjects and model agar‐gel phantoms.
Molecular hydrogen supplementation in mice ameliorates lipopolysaccharide‐induced loss of interest
Authors: Koga Minori , Sato Mayumi , Nakagawa Ryuichi , Tokuno Shinichi , Asai Fumiho , Maezawa Yuri , Nagamine Masanori , Yoshino Aihide , Toda Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThe objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of hydrogen in preventing and treating psychiatric symptoms, particularly depressed mood and loss of interest, and to explore its underlying mechanisms. A mouse model exhibiting inflammation‐derived depressive symptoms was used for the investigation.MethodsInstitute of Cancer Research mice were subjected to a 7‐day intervention of either 30% hydrogen or 40 g per day of air via jelly intake. On the final day, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was intraperitoneally administered at 5 mg/kg to induce inflammation‐related depressive symptoms. Behavioral and biochemical assessments were conducted 24 h post‐LPS administration.ResultsFollowing LPS administration, a decrease in spontaneous behavior was observed; however, this effect was mitigated in the group treated with hydrogen. The social interaction test revealed a significant reduction in interactions with unfamiliar mice in the LPS‐treated group, whereas the hydrogen‐treated group exhibited no such decrease. No significant changes were noted in the forced‐swim test for either group. Additionally, the administration of LPS in the hydrogen group did not result in a decrease in zonula occludens‐1, a biochemical marker associated with barrier function at the cerebrovascular barrier and expressed in tight junctions.ConclusionHydrogen administration demonstrated a preventive effect against the LPS‐induced loss of interest, suggesting a potential role in symptom prevention. However, it did not exhibit a suppressive effect on depressive symptoms in this particular model. These findings highlight the nuanced impact of hydrogen in the context of inflammation‐induced psychiatric symptoms, indicating potential avenues for further exploration and research.
UV‐exposure decreases antimicrobial activities of a grapevine cane extract against Plasmopara viticola and Botrytis cinerea as a consequence of stilbene modifications—a kinetic study
Authors: Pébarthé‐Courrouilh Anthony , Jaa Ayoub , Valls‐Fonayet Josep , Da Costa Grégory , Palos‐Pinto Antonio , Richard Tristan , Cluzet Stéphanie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDStilbenoid extracts, such as those originating from grapevine by‐products (e.g. canes), are of interest for use as biopesticides in vineyard owing to their antimicrobial activities. However, stilbenoids are unstable in the environment, especially under light. This study aimed to chemically characterize the effect of UV light on stilbenoids present in a grapevine cane extract (CE), and to evaluate the antimicrobial activities against two major grapevine pathogens (Plasmopara viticola and Botrytis cinerea) of grapevine extracts exposed to UV.RESULTSTreatment with UV (365 nm) on a grapevine CE led to degradation of stilbenoids (up to 71% after 1 h). The stilbenoid stability depended on their chemical structure: only those possessing CC, as trans‐resveratrol and trans‐ε‐viniferin, were affected with first their isomerization and secondly their oxidation/cyclization. As a consequence, UV‐exposed extracts (UV‐CEs) showed reduced antimicrobial activities against the two pathogens (mycelium and spores). For instance, regarding P. viticola, an UV‐CE exposed during 4 h showed an almost total loss of its activity on oomycete development and a 2.4‐fold inhibition of zoospore mobility in comparison to CE. For B. cinerea, the inhibition capacity of the same UV‐CE was reduced by only 1.1‐fold on mycelial development and by 3.2‐fold on conidial germination compared to CE.CONCLUSIONUV light triggered modifications on the structure of bioactive stilbenoids, resulting in losses of their antimicrobial activities. Photoprotection of stilbenoids has to be considered in the perspective of using them in vineyards as biopesticides. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
P2‐Type Na0.67Ni0.23Fe0.1Mn0.67O2 Cathode Material with Suppressed P2−O2 Phase Transition for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xie Liang , Lu Weiqin , Li Lanyan , Li Mingzhou , Wang Xianyou , Luo Zhigao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNa0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2 (NNMO) is one of the most promising cathodes for Sodium‐ion batteries. However, due to undesired P2−O2 phase transition at high voltage during Na+ extraction, its cyclic stability and coulomb efficiency are greatly adversely affected. Herein, electrochemically active Fe3+ ions substituted Na0.67Ni0.23Fe0.1Mn0.67O2 samples were prepared by both sol‐gel method (NNFMO‐SG) and solid phase method (NNFMO‐SP). It has been found that Fe substitution can suppress P2−O2 phase transition with a stable P2 phase during charging and discharging. Additionally, it also suppresses Na+/vacancy ordering, expands the slab‐spacing of the structure and improves the reversibility of the redox of anions. Owing to the combined advantages, NNFMO‐SG material exhibits the enhanced rate capability (70.1 mAh/g at 1000 mA/g) and excellent cycling stability (75.3 % capacity retention after 100 cycles at 200 mA/g).
The Effect of Concentration of Aluminum on Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Aluminum‐doped ZnO Nanostructures Electrochemically Deposited on Polyimide
Authors: Çetinel Alper , Burgaz Sefer Haşim 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAluminum‐doped ZnO (AZO) were successfully prepared on polyimide (PI) film using electrochemical deposition. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis revealed that as the aluminum concentration increased, the morphology of AZO nanostructures changed from pellets to nanorods. X‐ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) was employed to study the chemical states of undoped and Al‐doped ZnO on a polyimide substrate. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the PI/AZO nanostructures showed a polycrystalline wurtzite structure with a crystallographic orientation along the (002) plane. The XRD analysis also indicated that the average crystallite size decreased from 50.5 nm to 31.0 nm with increasing aluminum concentration (from 0.05 mM to 10 mM). Transmittance analysis revealed that with increasing aluminum concentration, the average optical transmittance in the visible region decreased from 90 % to 75 %. The aluminum concentration has a significant effect on the electrical properties of the samples, as shown by current‐voltage (I–V) and Hall measurements. Among the samples, the AZO/PI film prepared with 5 mM aluminum concentration exhibited the minimum electrical resistivity (4.14×10−2 Ω.cm), the highest carrier density (1.10×1021 cm−3) and the Hall mobility (5.40 cm2 V−1 s−1). We also discuss the possible mechanisms underlying these results compared to undoped ZnO films. This study contributes to the potential applications in flexible electronics and optoelectronics by demonstrating the tunability of AZO nanostructures on a flexible polyimide substrate through controlled aluminum doping.
An Efficient Electrochemical Synthesis of Selenocarbamates from Isocyanates and Diselenides
Authors: Zhou Shiyu , Xiao Qing , Guo Li , Jin Min , Sha Xuelei , Yang Jinhua , Xiao Jiayi , Wang Xia , Gui Qing‐Wen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA facile electrochemical synthesis of selenocarbamates from multicomponent reactions of isocyanides, diselenides, and water is developed here. This strategy provides a mild, direct, and complementary approach for synthesizing selenocarbamates in moderate to excellent yields with good substrate tolerance. The simple undivided cell setting with carbon/Pt electrodes proceeded smoothly. A radical pathway was proposed by preliminary mechanistic research.
Research on the Performance of the Cotton‐Based Al‐Air Battery with the Tilt Angle
Authors: Liu Chun‐mei , Jiang Peng‐fei , Liu Lei , Lai Gao‐qiang , Wang Peng‐ju 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe passive cotton‐based Al‐air battery adopts the cotton cloth as the flow channel to transport the electrolyte by the capillary force from the cloth. An absorbent pad is usually put at the end of the cotton cloth to keep the electrolyte continuously flowing. Once the absorbent pad is saturated, the electrolyte flow slows down or even stops. This can affect the transportation of the electrolyte and product, decreasing the battery performance. To maintain the electrolyte's continuous flow, the cotton‐based Al‐air battery with the tilt angle was presented and constructed. The effects of the catalyst loadings, tilt angles, electrolyte types, and area ratios on this battery were studied. Under the 4 mg cm−2 carbon catalyst loading, 10° tilt angle, 4 mol L−1 KOH electrolyte, and anode‐to‐cathode area ratio of 1 : 3, this battery performance was optimal, with the peak power density of 78.09±0.68 mW cm−2 and limiting current density of 213.12±0.80 mA cm−2. Finally, the battery stack was gained by connecting the two batteries with the 10° tilt angle in series. This stack with a peak power of 48.47±0.37 mW could light the 44 LEDs.
An Efficient Synthesis of Mono‐ and Bis‐Indole Dioximes: Key Intermediates for the Design of Novel Nortopsentin Analogs
Authors: Sevgi Fatih , Sarıkaya Ebru Karakaş , Bedük A. Dinçer 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA straightforward one‐pot synthesis method has been developed for combining the vic‐dioxime scaffold with the indole nucleus. Sixteen new mono‐ and bis‐indole dioximes were prepared as the first example of C−C coupling between readily available chloroglyoximes with indoles. This atom‐economic method requires only a stoichiometric amount of inexpensive sodium acetate and does not require any catalysts or toxic solvents. The reaction conditions were optimized and proceeded smoothly under mild conditions, providing good yields of the desired indole dioximes. The structures of synthesized vic‐dioximes were characterized using NMR, FT‐IR, and LC–MS. To shed light on the molecular structure, an extensive series of theoretical computations were performed on a representative molecule (3 a) using the DFT−B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory. The symmetrical and unsymmetrical indole dioximes obtained as key intermediates in this work have the potential to serve as essential building blocks for the design of new nortopsentin analogs with enhanced biological activities. To support this assumption, a representative molecule (3 a) was converted to a novel nortopsentin analog (4 a) having a 1,2,5‐oxadiazole (furazan) ring core.