bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-Invasive Physical Stimulation to Modulate the Tumor Microenvironment: Unveiling a New Frontier in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Guo Zhili , Saw Phei Er , Jon Sangyong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has a crucial role in tumor development, metastasis, and recurrence. The chaotic and complex physical structure of the TME not only limits drug delivery but also contributes to the development of resistance to immunotherapy. Breaking the physical barrier limitation of the TME could further optimize the existing tumor treatment protocols. Physical stimulation, such as ionizing radiation, light, electricity, magnetic field, and ultrasound, modulate the TME by altering tumor vasculature, remodeling the extracellular matrix, and activating immune responses to achieve the goal of adjuvant to other tumor therapeutic approaches. In addition to adjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy, these physical stimulations also enhance the efficacy of other physical treatments for cancer. In this review we discuss the structural characteristics of TME and focus on the modulation of TME by different physical stimulations. We also analyze the adjuvant effects of these stimulations on other tumor therapies.
Hiring in the Pediatric Hospital Medicine Board Certification Era: PHM Leader Perspectives
Authors: Osburn T. Shea , McCarthy Patrick J. , Dawlett Marie , LaRussa Liborio , DeLeon Stephanie , McKnight Heather 
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVES
The designation of pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) as a board-certified (BC) subspecialty has led to uncertainty about the importance of PHM board certification in hiring pediatric hospitalists and ambiguity in counseling trainees interested in PHM careers about the decision to pursue fellowship. We sought to determine the importance of PHM board eligibility or certification in hiring practices.

METHODS
We conducted an online, cross-sectional, survey-based study of individuals who self-identified as PHM division leadership utilizing the PHM Division Director Listserv and participant recruitment at a national meeting.

RESULTS
A total of 86 responses were received. A total of 64% (30/47) of university-setting hospitals, 77% (17/28) of community hospitals, and 100% (11/11) of combined settings reported that they will hire applicants who are not board-eligible (BE) or BC (P = .83). Of the hospitals who will be hiring non-BE hospitalists, 50% of university settings, 77% of community settings, and 55% of combined settings plan to give equal consideration to both BE and non-BE applicants (P = .21). A total of 57% (21/37) of programs with a PHM fellowship felt that fellowship training was an important or very important consideration in hiring, compared with 27% (13/49) of programs without a PHM fellowship (P = .04).

CONCLUSIONS
Programs with a PHM fellowship were significantly more likely to believe that fellowship training is an important consideration in hiring hospitalists. PHM board certification and fellowship training are perceived as more important by university-based programs, although all settings will consider hiring applicants who are not BC or BE.
Modern view of the problem: the influence of obesity as a key component of metabolic syndrome on the development and progression of endometrial cancer
Authors: Pavlov A. Yu. , Dzidzariya A. G. , Kalinchenko S. Yu. , Muravyeva P. V. 
Published: July 2024

Unlike many other malignancies, the incidence and mortality of endometrial cancer continues to rise. This unfortunate trend is in no small part the result of the worldwide obesity epidemic, which is caused by reduced physical activity, poor diet and chronic stress. Currently, more than 50 % of endometrial cancer cases are associated with obesity, which is recognized as an independent risk factor for the development of this disease. Adipose tissue is not only the main place of storage of excess energy, but also a full-fledged endocrine organ that affects the metabolism, immune response and production of biologically active substances involved in cell growth and differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis and carcinogenesis. In this review, we assess the impact of obesity as a key component of metabolic syndrome on the development and progression of endometrial cancer. There are several mechanisms by which obesity enlarges the risk of endometrial cancer, including increased endogenous sex steroid hormones, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, adipokine secretion, and chronic inflammation. The purpose of this review is to analyze publications, reflecting the already known aspects of the biological effect of obesity, as well as new data from recent years.
Entorno laboral de las Mipymes Xalapeñas: de la identificación de malestares profesionales hacia la construcción de entornos saludables
Authors: Arieta-Melgarejo Patricia , Gómez-Jiménez Suzel , López-Lunagómez Daniel 
Published: July 2024

La presente investigación tiene el objetivo de realizar un diagnóstico de aquellos malestares profesionales que afectan a los trabajadores en las micro y pequeñas empresas de Xalapa, el análisis se desarrolla a partir del uso e implementación del Modelo Teórico Healthy Talent Model como marco de referencia, el cual permite comprender de manera integral los factores que contribuyen a estos malestares, para que a partir de ellos se puedan proporcionar perspectivas relevantes para la implementación de estrategias de mejora en el entorno laboral. Lo anterior, considerando que vivir bajo una constante presión generada por largas jornadas laborales, un ritmo de vida acelerado y la incorporación excesiva de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) en la vida cotidiana, conlleva a que los trabajadores experimenten agotamiento físico y mental, impactando negativamente en los niveles de rendimiento y productividad. La investigación es de tipo cuantitativa y descriptiva, en la que a través de un instrumento diagnóstico, se han podido identificar y analizar aquellos factores psicosociales más recurrentes en los trabajadores de las Micro, Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (Mipymes), considerando una población objetivo de 29,596 empresas públicas y privadas ubicadas en el municipio de Xalapa, Veracruz. Mediante el análisis detallado de los datos disponibles, es posible obtener una comprensión inicial de los principales factores que desencadenan algunos de los malestares laborales que afectan la salud psicosocial de los empleados en las empresas veracruzanas. Las exigencias del trabajo, el ambiente laboral y la cultura organizacional pueden estar asociados con ciertos riesgos psicosociales que necesitan ser identificados y abordados para crear un entorno laboral más saludable y equilibrado.
STRENGTHENING OF THE SURFACE BY FRICTION
Authors: Volkov Oleg , Kraievska Zhanna , Subbotina Valeria , Oleksandr Subbotin , Fedorenko Hanna 
Published: July 2024

The study is devoted to the application of the method of surface hardening by friction Object of study - the process of surface hardening by friction.Subject of study - samples of 65G steel the method allows achieving high values of hardness, strength and wear resistance of materials in a short time and at much lower cost compared to other processing methods. The aim and objectives of the study are to investigate the nature of surface hardening of steel samples by friction. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are envisaged: manufacturing samples from 65G steel in the form of plates, preliminary heat treatment of samples for their maximum thermal hardening, hardening of the surface of samples by friction, analysis of the microstructure and microhardness of each sample, comparison of the microstructure, microhardness and depth of hardening of these samples, conclusions on the influence of processing factors on the hardening result. Based on the experimental data obtained, we constructed graphs of microhardness changes in the cross-section of the samples and studied the microstructures. It can be seen that after friction treatment, a layer with a modified structure is formed in the surface of the samples. The microhardness of the surface is significantly higher (approximately 2 times) than the microhardness of the main part in the samples. Metallographic analysis has shown that the layer formed in the samples has a martensitic structure characterized by a higher degree of dispersion and microhardness compared to the martensitic structure obtained during the previous heat treatment. Changes in the microstructure and microhardness of the samples that were surface hardened using different processing modes were compared. Certain differences in the characteristics of their hardened «white» layers were found. It is also shown that the hardened «white» layer is located along the entire length of the surface in the samples and is continuous and homogeneous.
DECISION-MAKING SUPPORT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FORMATION OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AT VEHICLE REPAIR ENTERPRISES
Authors: Voloshin Dmytro , Voloshyna Liudmyla , Pleskach Oleksandr 
Published: July 2024

In recent years, the strategy of creating a safely functioning and efficient transport complex of Ukraine integrated into the world transport network has been fixed. Therefore, the creation of a progressive system of product quality management in the conditions of car repair enterprises is considered an urgent scientific and technical task. The quality management system is a management subsystem of an industrial enterprise. Modern production systems are based on TQM principles and widely use ISO 9001 certification. At the same time, certification is based on independent third-party audits (a conformity assessment organization). The wide spread of the standard is based on the fact that it contains generalized requirements (principles) for the organization of product quality control, which can be used at enterprises that differ significantly both in terms of specialization and the scale of production (depots or car repair plants). But this is the «bottleneck» of the standard – the lack of consideration of specialized production conditions makes it impossible to compensate for critical factors affecting the final quality of products. Currently, the accepted approaches to quality assessment do not fully take into account the factors that affect the final quality of products. In order to put all market participants - railway operators, manufacturers, rolling stock repairers and suppliers in mutually beneficial conditions, a single International Railway Industry Standard ISO / TS 22163 International Railway Industry Standart (IRIS) was developed.For the effective use of tools for ensuring the quality of rail car repair, it is considered necessary to use modern management decision support systems. They will allow real-time monitoring of production processes. It is possible to use the method of fuzzy sets to improve the quality management systems of wagon repairs based on the development of separate control algorithms with decision tables. In order to meet the requirements of international quality standards, it is necessary to significantly modernize management approaches based on the creation of progressive decision support systems.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF AN ADDITIONAL TANK ON THE DEFORMATION OF THE PNEUMATIC SPRING OF HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK
Authors: Kuzyshyn A. , Kovalchuk V. 
Published: July 2024

The use of a pneumatic spring suspension system in the second stage of spring suspension of high-speed rolling stock is an integral component of ensuring its permissible dynamic indicators and traffic safety indicators. This work is aimed at researching the deformation characteristics of the rubber-cord shell of the pneumatic spring in the vertical and horizontal directions, taking into account manometric pressure, external load and an auxiliary reservoir. To achieve the goal, a methodology for experimental studies of pneumatic spring deformation was developed using a test rig with an assembled pneumatic spring suspension system, power and measuring equipment. Deformations of the rubber-cord sheath were measured by analog sensors of linear displacements using an analog-to-digital converter and special software. It was established that the effect of the auxiliary reservoir on the amount of vertical deformation of the lower part of the rubber-cord shell does not exceed 3.46 %, which allows us to conclude that the auxiliary reservoir of the pneumatic spring suspension system has a negligible effect on the vertical deformations of the lower part of the rubber-cord shell of the pneumatic spring. The dependences of the deformation of the rubber-cord shell of the pneumatic spring in the horizontal direction on the value of the manometric pressure when the auxiliary reservoir is connected and disconnected are obtained. It was established that in the range of manometric pressure changes of 1.0÷2.5 atm the presence or absence of an auxiliary reservoir has little effect on the amount of deformation of the rubber-cord sheath in the horizontal direction. However, at a pressure of more than 2.5 atm, closing the tap to the auxiliary reservoir leads to significantly greater deformation of the rubber cord shell compared to the deformation when the tap is open and the auxiliary reservoir is turned on. The obtained results regarding the deformation characteristics of the rubber-cord shell of the pneumatic spring will allow us to proceed to the study of the dynamic characteristics of the pneumatic spring, which are necessary when establishing safe conditions for the operation of modern high-speed rolling stock at the stage of its design.
STUDY OF THE EFFICIENCY OF SEARCH ALGORITHM FOR SELECTING THE MAXIMUM POWER OF SOLAR PANELS USING A DC-DC BOOST CONVERTER
Authors: Plakhtii Oleksandr Andriiovych , Nerubatskyi Volodymyr Pavlovych , Ivakhno Volodymyr Viktorovych , Zamaruiev Volodymyr Vasylyovych , Hordiienko Denys Anatoliiovych , Shelest Dmytro Andriiovych 
Published: July 2024

The results of the study of the effectiveness of the search algorithm for selecting the maximum power from solar panels by a step-up pulse semiconductor converter in the conditions of dynamic changes in illumination are presented. An analysis of the mathematical model of solar panels was carried out, which determines the volt-ampere characteristics and power characteristics of the solar panel as a function of its voltage. A search algorithm for determining the mode of operation of the semiconductor converter, which ensures the mode of maximum power selection from solar panels, has been developed. This algorithm can be applied to various types of converters, in which the value of the input current depends on the filling factor of pulse-width modulation. In the Matlab software, a corresponding simulation model of the DC-DC boost converter, which selects the power of solar panels at different levels of solar radiation, was developed, with the help of which the efficiency of the developed algorithm was determined. In the course of the simulation, it was determined that the developed algorithm provides a fairly high efficiency of solar panel power extraction, which is a fairly high indicator compared to the described algorithms. It was determined that the dynamic properties of the semiconductor converter, which takes power from solar panels, directly affects the time of transition to the mode of taking maximum power. During the first switch-on, the output to the point of maximum power is about 1.2 seconds, in further operation, the transition occurs almost instantaneously for a time that corresponds to the time constant of the converter. Given that the processes of changing the level of sunlight take minutes, this time is acceptable.
Elevated factor VIII level in cerebral venous thrombosis: a case-control study
Authors: Bhagwan Bhavin , Pillay Manesh , Schutte Clara-Maria , Masenge Andries , Kakaza Mandisa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon disorder accounting for approximately 1% of strokes worldwide There is a paucity of data regarding the association between an elevated factor VIII level and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT).

Methods: From June 2015 to January 2022, patients with confirmed CVT on neuroimaging were identified at two public hospitals in South Africa. Their clinical presentation, radiological characteristics of thrombosis, and risk factors for CVT were analysed. Age-, sex-, and HIV status-matched controls were recruited. Factor VIII levels were analysed in patients with CVT and in controls.

Results: The study included 26 patients with CVT and 52 controls. The mean age was 40.3 and 41.4 years for the patients and controls, respectively. In the study group, 73% were females. An elevated factor VIII level (>150 IU/dL) was the most common risk factor, identified in 61.5% (16/26) of patients with CVT. The mean factor VIII level was significantly higher in patients with CVT compared to controls (200.1 vs 156.9, p = 0.017). An elevated factor VIII level (>200 IU/dL) increased the risk of CVT four-fold (age- and sex-adjusted OR: 4.437, 95% CI: 1.435–13.723, p = 0.009).

Conclusions: An elevated factor VIII level is a common risk factor for CVT; hence, investigation thereof should be included in the aetiological work-up. This study suggests that a higher cut-off value for factor VIII level increases the strength of the association with CVT.
Management of Corneal Ulcers using Autologous Serum, Platelet Rich Plasma and Processed Human Amniotic Membrane in Dogs
Authors: Mecvan A.R. , Parmar J.J. , Bhatia R.N. , Parikh P.V. , Amin N.R. 
Published: July 2024

Background: In dogs the corneal ulcers are one of the major ophthalmic emergencies and can cure with routine medications, but in delay presentation will become challenge for veterinarians. In such cases advanced therapeutic management such as serum, platelet reach plasma and corneal grafts are needed for favorable outcome. Methods: The present study was conducted on 24 dogs (29 eyes) with corneal ulcer categorized as a superficial (Group-I, n=15), deep corneal ulcers (Group-II, n=8) and descemetocele (Group-III, n=6) which were treated with autologous serum, Platelet Rich Plasma and Processed decellularized human amniotic membrane grafting, respectively. All the affected eyes were given routine topical medications with eye drops Moxifloxacin, Flurbiprofen q.i.d till healing, 1% Atropine sulphate b.i.d for 5 days and Oral Doxycycline was given @ 5 mg/kg b.i.d for 10 days. Result: The group-I (n=11, 15 eyes) treated with autologous serum eight to ten times-a-day as per severity with routine medication. Two dogs with entropion which was corrected first. The eyes gained vision within 10th-15th days. Developed complications managed medicinally till complete recovery. The group-II (n=7, 8 eyes) treated with platelet rich plasma drops five to seven times-a-day with routine medication. 75% eyes recovered up to 45th day. Developed complication were managed medicinally till complete recovery. The group-III (n=5, 6 eyes) treated with Decellularized Processed Human Amniotic Membrane Graft. 4 eyes gained complete transparency on 28th day of therapy while in 2 eyes developed complication were managed medicinally.
Play cards, salt, tobacco: trade restrictions of German Zollverein in 1833
Authors: Diomidova M. I. 
Published: July 2024

Importance. The main objective of the study is to find the special regulations regarding some trade goods. The research is focused on the comprehensive study of restrictions of German Zollverein’s treaty, which had affected the local and foreign trade. The analysis has formed the complex of reasons which led to the special arrangements towards the important goods. The study of particular aspects of customs reforms shows the new perspectives in the research of this topic and fulfills the image of trade connections on German territories in 1820–30s.Materials and Methods. The main document for the research is “The treaty of customs unification” from March 22, 1833. There are also plenty of commercial press articles of that period studied, which overviewed the trade and customs changes and reforms. The analytics and synthesis methods give the possibility to have a full overview of the mentioned sources and to restore the main tendencies in trade restrictions of this epoch.Results and Discussion. The detailed analysis highlights the most important trade goods on the German area, which were the subjects of interests for many German governments. There were the monopoly goods or the sources of big custom duties, which filled the German treasuries for decades. The threat of losing this income due to established German Zollverein, which customs taxes were supposed to be summarized and parted, led to the compromise solution in regards to some goods. The play cards, salt, tobacco and alcohol production were supposed to stay under cautious control, the trade of them was specially mentioned on the extra conditions.Conclusion. Trade restrictions seemed to be the compromise arrangement in the customs treaty, which aimed to keep the state income safe. They were also based on law differences regarding mentioned goods and supposed to protect German industry from foreign competition.
Actions of the Italian government regarding prisoners of war of Italian nationality of the Austro-Hungarian army during World War I
Authors: Shevyakov S. V. 
Published: July 2024

Importance. From 1915 to 1917, a camp for Austro-Hungarian prisoners of war of Italian nationality functioned in Kirsanov, Tambov Governorate, who accepted the offer of the Italian government to send them to Italy and subsequently join the ranks of its armed forces. The Italian government decided to carefully select prisoners of war based on their political and national trustworthiness, thereby delaying repatriation. Prisoners of war began to write to irredentist associations in Italy and the national press, thereby putting pressure on the Italian government. As a result of these actions, the Italian government changed course to send prisoners of war as soon as possible. The activities of prisoners of war are insufficiently covered in modern historiography. The purpose of the study is the impact of the media on the Italian government, which was provided by prisoners of war of the Austro-Hungarian army of Italian nationality in Tambov Governorate during World War I, aimed at accelerating repatriation to the Italian Kingdom.Materials and Methods. The source base is archival materials, as well as a number of published studies. The retrospective method is used, which allows to recreate, in individual details and later sources, the actions of the Italian government in relation to Austro-Hungarian prisoners of war of Italian nationality.Results and Discussion. It is shown that the sending of prisoners of war to Italy was delayed at the initiative of the Italian government. The prisoners of war who were in the Kirsanov camp were able to put pressure on the Italian government with the help of the media. In the spring of 1916, the government, realizing the possible negative consequences, agreed in favor of all prisoners of war who agreed to join the Italian armed forces, rather than limiting it to a few officers who could pay for the trip.Conclusion. While waiting to be sent to Italy, a group of soldiers and officers, being prisoners of war, contacted the national press and irredentist associations. The purpose of these appeals was to put pressure on the Italian government, which was supposed to speed up the repatriation of prisoners of war.
WITHDRAWN: Phase-locked time-stretch optical coherence tomography for complex variance human retinal microangiography
Authors: Kim Chang-Seok , Kim Gyeong Hun , Bak Seongjin , Kwon Han Jo , Kim Hyung-Hoi , Kim Jeong-Su , Shin Jun Geun , Eom Tae Joong , Lee Hwidon 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors while they make corrections to the work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.