bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Laserpitium latifolium L. and L. ochridanumMicevski (Apiaceae)
Authors: Popović Višnja B. , Petrović Silvana D. , Milenković Marina T. , Drobac Milica M. , Couladis Maria A. , Niketić Marjan S. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Laserpitium latifolium and L. ochridanum were investigated. The essential oils were isolated by steam distillation and characterized by GC‐FID and GC/MS analyses. All essential oils were distinguished by high contents of monoterpenes, and α‐pinene was the most abundant compound in the essential oils of L. latifolium underground parts and fruits (contents of 44.4 and 44.0%, resp.). The fruit essential oil was also rich in sabinene (26.8%). Regarding the L. ochridanum essential oils, the main constituents were limonene in the fruit oil (57.7%) and sabinene in the herb oil (25.9%). The antimicrobial activity of these essential oils as well as that of L. ochridanum underground parts, whose composition was reported previously, was tested by the broth‐microdilution method against four Gram‐positive and three Gram‐negative bacteria and two Candida albicans strains. Except the L. latifolium underground‐parts essential oil, the other investigated oils showed a high antimicrobial potential against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Micrococcus luteus, or Candida albicans (minimal inhibitory concentrations of 13.0–73.0 μg/ml), comparable to or even higher than that of thymol, which was used as reference compound.
Unraveling Side Reactions in the Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2: Evidence for Light‐Induced Deactivation Processes in Homogeneous Photocatalysis
Authors: Meister Simon , Reithmeier Richard O. , Tschurl Martin , Heiz Ueli , Rieger Bernhard 
Published: January 2015

AbstractPhotocatalytic reduction of CO2 with rhenium(I) bipyridine complexes has been studied for several decades. Nonetheless, important parameters affecting the catalytic performance remain elusive to date. By using the standard catalyst [Re(dmb)(CO)3Cl] (dmb=4,4′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine), the effect of catalyst concentration and irradiation intensity is studied in detail and important correlations are revealed. The decomposition of the catalyst is investigated, and two main deactivation pathways are proposed, both of which involve the one‐electron‐reduced species and are likely to be valid for other homogeneous photocatalysts as well. The rate of deactivation is linked to the relative concentration of 1) the catalyst in its electronic ground state, 2) the catalyst in its excited state, 3) the one‐electron‐reduced species, and 4) quencher radicals. Adequate tuning of catalyst concentration and irradiation intensity leads to the highest quantum yield (Φ=0.53) reported to date for a single‐molecule system.
Lipophilic Tetranuclear Ruthenium(II) Complexes as Two‐Photon Luminescent Tracking Non‐Viral Gene Vectors
Authors: Yu Bole , Ouyang Cheng , Qiu Kangqiang , Zhao Jing , Ji Liangnian , Chao Hui 
Published: January 2015

AbstractFluorescence detection is the most effective tool for tracking gene delivery in living cells. To reduce photodamage and autofluorescence and to increase deep penetration into cells, choosing appropriate fluorophores that are capable of two‐photon activation under irradiation in the NIR or IR regions is an effective approach. In this work, we have developed six tetranuclear ruthenium(II) complexes, GV1–6, and have studied their one‐ and two‐photon luminescence properties. DNA interaction studies have demonstrated that GV2–6, bearing hydrophobic alkyl ether chains, show more efficient DNA condensing ability but lower DNA binding constants than GV1. However, the hydrophobic alkyl ether chains also enhance the DNA delivery ability of GV2–6 compared with that of GV1. More importantly, we have applied GV1–6 as non‐viral gene vectors for tracking DNA delivery in living cells by one‐ and two‐photon fluorescence microscopies. In two‐photon microscopy, a high signal‐to‐noise contrast was achieved by irradiation with an 830 nm laser. This is the first example of the use of transition‐metal complexes for two‐photon luminescent tracking of the cellular pathways of gene delivery and as DNA carriers. Our work provides new insights into improving real‐time tracking during gene delivery and transfection as well as important information for the design of multifunctional non‐viral vectors.
A Self‐Assembled Superhydrophobic Electrospun Carbon–Silica Nanofiber Sponge for Selective Removal and Recovery of Oils and Organic Solvents
Authors: Tai Ming Hang , Tan Benny Yong Liang , Juay Jermyn , Sun Darren D. , Leckie James O. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAn oil spill needs timely cleanup before it spreads and poses serious environmental threat to the polluted area. This always requires the cleanup techniques to be efficient and cost‐effective. In this work, a lightweight and compressible sponge made of carbon–silica nanofibers is derived from electrospinning nanotechnology that is low‐cost, versatile, and readily scalable. The fabricated sponge has high porosity (>99 %) and displays ultra‐hydrophobicity and superoleophilicity, thus making it a suitable material as an oil adsorbent. Owing to its high porosity and low density, the sponge is capable of adsorbing oil up to 140 times its own weight with its sorption rate showing solution viscosity dependence. Furthermore, sponge regeneration and oil recovery are feasible by using either cyclic distillation or mechanical squeezing.
Problematik einheitlicher Betrachtungen des Wärmedurchgangs bei der Kondensation an strukturierten Rohren. Difficulties of Uniform Examination of Heat Transfer for Condensation on Structured Tubes
Authors: Büchner Alexander , Reif Anna , Rehfeldt Sebastian , Klein Harald 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDie Literatur kennt unterschiedliche Bezugsgrößen der thermischen Widerstände an Rohren mit niedrig berippter Außenfläche. Um eine Vergleichbarkeit von Messdaten zu gewährleisten, ist es notwendig, einen einheitlichen Standard für alle strukturierten Rohre zu definieren. Dabei wird der äußere Wärmeübergangskoeffizient auf eine zylindrische Fläche bezogen, deren Durchmesser gleich dem Durchmesser an der Rippenspitze ist. Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit bezieht sich auf das Verhältnis der Durchmesser im Rippental und im Rohrinneren und der innere Wärmeübergangskoeffizient auf die glatte Innenfläche des Rohres.
Thermosiphon Reboilers with Enhanced Tubes
Authors: Lavrikov Alexandr V. , Hammerschmidt Jochen , Kuzma‐Kichta Yuri A. , Scholl Stephan 
Published: January 2015

AbstractReliable heat exchangers capable of transferring heat at low driving temperature differences are key to energy efficient processes. In this paper, heat transfer and fluid dynamics of hydrophobic nanoparticle (HBNP) coated tubes are investigated in a steam‐heated single‐tube thermosiphon reboiler and compared to experimental results of standard stainless steel tubes. In comparison to the bare tube, the coated tube showed higher heat transfer and circulation rates as well as an improved stability of the circulating flow. The stability of the coating was verified in a long‐term stability test.
Etiology and prevention of coronary obstructive lesions in infancy and childhood
Authors: Neufeld H. N. , Schneeweiss A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIt is now well established that coronary atherosclerosis should be considered as a problem from infancy or even from embryonal life. Its development, although genetically determined to some extent, is influenced by many factors, some of which may be beneficially modified. Such primary prevention should start in early childhood, and in some aspects, even during pregnancy. Nonatherosclerotic coronary obstruction may also be present in infancy and childhood, usually with severe consequences.
The current concept for the cardiac glycoside receptor
Authors: Bodemann H. H. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis brief review emphasizes the significance of the Na+,K+‐ATPase or the Na+,K+ pump of the intact membrane as the pharmacological receptor for cardiac glycosides. The properties of this transport enzyme and the regulation of glycoside binding are described. An outline is given of the problems encountered and of the progress made in attempting to correlate the inotropic action of cardiac glycosides with the binding of these drugs to the heart muscle and with the inhibition of the Na+,K+ pump. Furthermore, the correlation of intracellular Ca2+ activity and Na+ concentration with the inhibition of the Na+,K+ pump is discussed. The existence of a digitalis‐like endogenous activity may also indicate an important role of the Na+,K+ pump as a receptor for a physiological regulatory control of cardiac contractility.
Serumlipoprotein cholesterol in sedentary and trained male patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Berg A. , Keul J. , Ringwald G. , Stippig J. , Deus B. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTo demonstrate the influence of exercise training on the lipoprotein cholesterol fractions (high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), 65 male patients were examined for cardiovascular function and lipid metabolism, before starting or after having participated in a coronary training group for more than one year. There were notable improvements not only in the physical performance data of the trained patients in reference to the tested maximal performance capacity per body weight (MPC/W) as well as the calculated heart volume performance ratio (HVPR) (MPC/W, +26.0%; HVPR, +18.0%), but also in the lipoprotein cholesterol values and the calculated risk quotient of HDL and total cholesterol (HDL cholesterol, +5.1 mg/dl; LDL cholesterol, +23.3 mg/dl; VLDL cholesterol, +12.5 mg/dl; HDL/total cholesterol, +0.038). The results indicate the positive effect of physical training on lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, and also in CHD patients in coronary training groups.
Bilateral infective endocarditis
Authors: Koshal A. , Wynne J. , Westerman R. , Cohn L. H. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTwo patients presenting with simultaneous right‐ and left‐sided infective endocarditis requiring surgical intervention are reported. One patient developed aortic and pulmonic valve endocarditis following dental extraction, while the second patient developed mitral and tricuspid valve endocarditis secondary to a large body burn. The bilateral semilunar valve endocarditis was treated by porcine aortic valve replacement and debridement of the pulmonic valve. The bilateral atrioventricular valve endocarditis was treated by mitral and tricuspid valve replacement with porcine valves. The frequency and clinical settings in which this condition is likely to present are discussed.
Lactate metabolism as a prognostic index in unstable angina
Authors: Walinsky P. , Wiener L. , Kasparian H. , Duca P. , Gottlieb R. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractFifty patients evaluated because of unstable angina were followed up for a mean period of 63.7 months. Analysis of transmyocardial lactate metabolism was performed in all patients in addition to coronary angiography and ventriculography. All patients had at least one coronary lesion of > 75%. Although technically feasible, aortocoronary bypass surgery was not performed on initial hospitalization and all patients were treated medically. Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of lactate metabolism; group A lactate production > 15%, group B lactate production < 15% or lactate extraction.There was no difference in left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure or ejection fraction between the two groups. A coronary score index was higher in group A than group B (5.45 ± 2.2 vs. 3.13 ± 1.2) (p < 0.05). The incidence of myocardial infarction was higher in group A than group B in hospital (44.4% vs. 4.3%, p < 0.05), and long term (70.3% vs. 17.3%, p < 0.05). Mortality was higher in group A than group B in hospital (25.9% vs. 0%, p < 0.05) and long term (66.7% vs. 13%, p < 0.05).Analysis of lactate metabolism thus provides a prognostic index in unstable angina which complements information obtained by coronary angiography and ventriculography.
Myocardial cell damage during attacks of vasospastic angina in the absence of persistent electrocardiographic changes
Authors: Biagini A. , Mazzei M. G. , Carpeggiani C. , Buzzigoli G. , Zucchelli G. , Parodi O. , L'abbate A. , Maseri A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe have investigated whether vasospastic anginal attacks might be associated with myocardial cell damage even when permanent QRS or ST‐T changes are absent. We obtained serum time–activity curves of creatine kinase MB, of myoglobin, and of alpha hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in 15 patients with vasospastic angina admitted to our Coronary Care Unit (CCU). A slight but consistent rise and fall of both myoglobin and creatine kinase MB was observed in 7 patients (4 presented a definitive myocardial uptake of 99mTc pyrophosphate, and I had a faint deposition). A similar pattern was observed for myoglobin alone in 3 patients (1 presented a negative myocardial scan), while no consistent changes were found in the remaining 5 patients (2 presented a faint deposition of 99mTc pyrophosphate). No significant change of alpha hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase was observed in any of the patients. The coherent rise and fall of the levels of myocardial cytosolic components after prolonged episodes of vasospastic angina suggests that cell damage may occur even in the absence of persistent QRS and ST‐T changes.
Acute oral antiarrhythmic testing with disopyramide
Authors: García‐Barreto D. , Toruncha A. , Gonzalez‐Gomez A. , Llerena L. , Groning E. , Hernandez‐Cañero A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAcute antiarrhythmic drug testing with disopyramide was accomplished in 25 patients with frequent ventricular premature depolarization (VPD). Systolic time intervals (STI) were used to assess left ventricular performance. Eighteen patients responded after a loading oral dose of 300 mg disopyramide with 80% or greater reduction in VPD and abolition of advanced grades. Mean onset of drug action was 93 min and the mean plasma level at 2 h was 3.4 μg/ml. During maintenance therapy 2 of the 18 patients had a relapse. In 2 others, initially protected, VPD recurred during both exercise and psychological stress testing. STI showed increments in pre‐ejection period (PEP) and in PEP/ejection time ratio at peak concentrations of plasma disopyramide. Acute tests repeated with placebo in a single‐blind fashion in responding patients failed to significantly reduce VPD frequency or grade. Side effects consisted of anticholinergic actions of disopyramide. In 3 patients aggravation of heart failure compelled discontinuation of disopyramide which then remitted.
Radionuclide ventriculography: A noninvasive method for the detection and quantification of left‐to‐right shunts in atrial septal defect
Authors: Kress P. , Bitter F. , Stauch M. , Garvie N. , Nechwatal W. , Sigel H. , Adam W. E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe present investigation was undertaken to assess a new scintigraphic method for the diagnosis of left‐to‐right shunts due to atrial septal defect based on the differing stroke volumes of left and right ventricles and to compare it with oxymetric data. Radionuclide ventriculography was carried out after injection of 20 mCi 99mtechnetium‐labeled red blood cells. Time‐activity curves were obtained from the left and right ventricular regions, and the ratio (A) of end‐diastolic‐end‐systolic count rate differences for the left and right ventricles was calculated. The left‐to‐right shunt (in percent of the‐pulmonary flow rate) is then given as 100 × (1 – A/1.43); 1.43 being the previously determined mean value of A in 66 normal patients. In 16 patients with an atrial septal defect and/or partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection a correlation of r = 0.81 was found between those shunts determined by the scintigraphic method and those calculated by oxymetric data. The specificity of the method and the sensitivity in detecting left‐to‐right shunts exceeding 30% are high. The method is practical and already widely used for determination of ejection fraction, end‐diastolic volume and other factors. The combination of this technique with other methods for shunt diagnosis such as gamma‐fit analysis may prove of special value.
Acute verapamil poisoning: Successful treatment with epinephrine
Authors: Chimienti M. , Previtali M. , Medici A. , Piccinini M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAcute intoxication with verapamil (2400 mg) induced A‐V dissociation and circulatory failure in a 38‐year‐old woman with no previous cardiac disease. Resumption of A‐V conduction was observed after administration of orciprenalin, calcium gluconate, and dopamine, with no effect on blood pressure. Epinephrine infusion finally restored satisfactory blood pressure level and allowed a favorable outcome.
Nifedipine therapy for recurrent ischemic pain following myocardial infarction
Authors: Stone P. H. , Muller J. E. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe efficacy of nifedipine in relieving recurrent ischemic episodes following acute myocardial infarction was studied in 11 patients a mean of 9.2 days post infarction (range 2–42 days). Prior to infarction, all of the patients had a history of exertional angina only, yet following the infarction, episodes of recurrent ischemia occurred at rest in spite of maximal medical management with beta‐blockers and/or nitrate preparations, which lowered the heart rate to a mean of 65 beats/min, and the blood pressure to a mean of 109/70 mmHg. Ischemic episodes were associated with ST‐segment elevation in 7 patients and ST‐segment depression or T‐wave inversion in 4 patients. Coronary angiography was performed in 8 patients, and demonstrated multivessel coronary disease in 7. The episodes of rest ischemia were prevented in all but one patient by the addition of nifedipine (mean daily dose 60 mg, range 40–120 mg) without causing a change in heart rate or blood pressure. Two patients continued to have myocardial ischemia with minimal exertion, although rest pains were abolished, and they underwent coronary bypass surgery for relief of exertional pain. Only one patient continued to have episodes of ischemia at rest, although the frequency of ischemic episodes was decreased, and bypass surgery was necessary for pain relief. The other 8 patients have been managed medically for a mean of 5.4 months (range 1–12 months) and have remained pain free on combined regimens of nifedipine, beta blockers, and/or nitrate preparations. We conclude that nifedipine may be efficacious for the relief of recurrent myocardial ischemia at rest following acute infarction. In some patients nifedipine may eliminate the need for coronary artery bypass surgery and in others it may provide clinical stability prior to operation.
Electrophysiological characteristics of junctional pacemakers in congenital A‐V block and following his bundle cryoablation
Authors: Bexton R. S. , Ward D. E. , Camm A. J. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe characteristics of the escape mechanism following surgically induced permanent A‐V block were investigated and compared with those seen in congenital complete heart block (CHB). Six patients had undergone elective cryothermal ablation of the His bundle for supraventricular arrhythmias unresponsive to pharmacological and pacemaker techniques (group A) and 12 patients had congenital CHB (group B). In the 12 patients in group B the site of block was localized by His bundle electrocardiography to be proximal to the point of recording of the His potential. In 3 patients in group A in whom intracardiac studies were performed it was impossible to record an His potential. There were no significant differences between the control escape rate, junctional recovery time (JRT), and corrected junctional recovery time (cJRT) of the two groups. In group A there were no significant changes in these parameters following the administration of atropine, whereas isoproterenol significantly increased the rate of the subsidiary pacemaker (p < 0.001) and shortened the JRT (p < 0.02) and cJRT (p < 0.02). In group B both atropine (A) and isoproterenol (I) significantly increased escape rate (A, p < 0.001; I, p < 0.001) and shortened JRT (A, p < 0.01; I, p < 0.001) and cJRT (A, p < 0.01; I, p < 0.001). It is concluded that the escape focus in patients with congenital CHB is situated in the A‐V node. The escape rhythm following His bundle section is unpredictable and elective permanent pacemaker implantation is indicated.
Absence of respiratory sinus arrhythmia: A manifestation of the sick sinus syndrome
Authors: Grassman E. , Blomqvist C. G. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe failure of changes in autonomic drive to affect heart rate is a common finding in patients with the sick sinus syndrome (SSS). The normal respiratory sinus arrhythmia is vagally mediated and should therefore be attenuated in SSS. This hypothesis was tested in a series of 32 symptomatic patients with SSS, mean age 68 years, and an age‐matched control group of 75 normal subjects. The degree of sinus arrhythmia present in routine 12‐lead electrocardiograms was quantitated as (1) the coefficient of variation (CV) of the R‐R interval, and (2) the maximal R‐R interval difference (ΔR‐Rmax). Mean CV was 2.7% in SSS compared to 3.8% in the control group (p < 0.01). Mean ΔR‐Rmax was 72 ms in SSS and 140 ms in controls (p < 0.01). Sixteen of 32 patients (50%) compared to only 4/75 (5%) control subjects had ΔR‐Rmax of less than 80 ms (p < 0.01). Thus, SSS is frequently associated with a significant attenuation of sinus arrhythmia and the simple measurement of ΔR‐Rmax in standard ECG recordings provides useful diagnostic information.
Stress damage to nonischemic divisions of the heart in experimental infarction and its prevention
Authors: Meerson F. Z. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractRecently, it has been shown that nonischemic parts of the heart in myocardial infarction were separated from ischemic damaged ones by a sharp border zone. In this connection, the disturbance of contractile function of the myocardium of nonischemic parts is suggested to result from the infarction‐concomitant emotional‐painful stress. In order to test this assumption, the contractile function of the right auricle, which is an a priori nonischemic heart division, was studied in rats subjected to myocardial infarction of the left ventricle. In the study of the isolated auricle the following facts were established: 1 day after the induced infarction the atrial myocardium shows reduced extensibility, depression of the Starling curve, a concomitant approximately twofold decrease of the maximal systolic tension, and a reduced myocardial resistance to hypoxia and calcium excess. This complex of shifts, first, is completely reproduced without myocardial infarction by emotional‐painful stress and, second, can be prevented to a considerable extent by propranolol indicating that it is essentially stress induced. In infarction, these above said stress‐induced disturbances of the contractile function of nonischemic divisions of the heart were found to be prevented or limited by factors stabilizing the membranous lipid bilayer of cardiomyocytes, i.e., by antioxidant ionol, by nicotinamide, a lipase inhibitor, and by chloroquine, a phospholipase inhibitor. The aspects of application of these factors for the therapy of ischemic heart disease requires further studies.