bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Axillary Sonographic Staging Less Accurate in Invasive Lobular Breast Cancer Than in Ductal Breast Cancer?
Authors: Sankaye Prashant , Chhatani Sharmila , Porter Gareth , Steel Jim , Doyle Sarah 
Published: September 2014

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine whether axillary sonography is less accurate in invasive lobular breast cancer than in ductal breast cancer.MethodsPatients with invasive breast cancer were retrospectively identified from histologic records from 2010 to 2012. Staging axillary sonograms from 96 patients with primary breast cancer in each of 2 subgroups, invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), were reviewed. Preoperative sonographically guided 14‐gauge core biopsy was performed on morphologically abnormal lymph nodes.ResultsThirty‐one of 96 patients (32%) in each subgroup were node positive on final postoperative histopathologic analysis. Axillary staging sensitivity was 17 of 31 patients (54%) in the IDC subgroup and 15 of 31(48%) in the ILC subgroup. Further analysis of the data showed no statistically significant differences between these subgroups.ConclusionsWe found that there was no statistically significant difference in the accuracy of axillary sonographic staging between ILC and IDC.
Use of Limited Transthoracic Echocardiography in Patients With Traumatic Cardiac Arrest Decreases the Rate of Nontherapeutic Thoracotomy and Hospital Costs
Authors: Ferrada Paula , Wolfe Luke , Anand Rahul J. , Whelan James , Vanguri Poornima , Malhotra Ajai , Goldberg Stephanie , Duane Therese , Aboutanos Michel 
Published: September 2014

ObjectivesLimited transthoracic echocardiography (LTTE) has been introduced as a hemodynamic tool for trauma patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of LTTE during the evaluation of nonsurviving patients who presented to the trauma bay with traumatic cardiac arrest.MethodsApproval by the Institutional Review Board was obtained. All nonsurviving patients with traumatic cardiac arrest who reached the trauma bay were evaluated retrospectively for 1 year. Comparisons between groups of patients in whom LTTE was performed as part of the resuscitation effort and those in whom it was not performed were conducted.ResultsFrom January 2012 to January 2013, 37 patients did not survive traumatic cardiac arrest while in the trauma bay: 14 in the LTTE group and 23 in the non–LTTE group. When comparing the LTTE and non–LTTE groups, both were similar in sex distribution (LTTE, 86% male; non–LTTE, 74% male; P = .68), age (34.8 versus 24.1 years; P= .55), Injury Severity Score (41.0 versus 38.2; P= .48), and percentage of penetrating trauma (21.6% versus 21.7%; P = .29). Compared with the non–LTTE group, the LTTE group spent significantly less time in the trauma bay (13.7 versus 37.9 minutes; P = .01), received fewer blood products (7.1% versus 31.2%; P = .789), and were less likely to undergo nontherapeutic thoracotomy in the emergency department (7.14% versus 39.1%; P < .05). The non–LTTE group had a mean of $3040.50 in hospital costs, compared with the mean for the LTTE group of $1871.60 (P = .0054).ConclusionsIn this study, image‐guided resuscitation with LTTE decreased the time in the trauma bay and avoided nontherapeutic thoracotomy in nonsurviving trauma patients. Limited TTE could improve the use of health care resources in patients with traumatic cardiac arrest.
Catalyst‐ and Solvent‐Free Upcycling of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Waste to Biodegradable Plastics
Authors: Fang Tianxiang , Jiang Weipo , Zheng Tengfei , Yao Xuxia , Zhu Weipu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPoly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is an important polymer with annual output second only to polyethylene. Due to its low biodegradability, a large amount of PET is recycled for sustainable development. However, current strategies for PET recycling are limited by low added value or small product scale. It is urgent to make a breakthrough on the principle of PET macromolecular reaction and efficiently prepare products with high added value and wide applications. Here, the catalyst‐ and solvent‐free synthesis of biodegradable plastics are reported through novel carboxyl‐ester transesterification between PET waste and bio‐based hydrogenated dimer acid (HDA), which can directly substitute some terephthalic acid (TPA) units in PET chain by HDA unit. This macromolecular reaction can be facilely carried out on current equipment in the polyester industry without any additional catalyst and solvent, thus enabling low‐cost and large‐scale production. Furthermore, the product semi‐bio‐based copolyester shows excellent mechanical properties, regulable flexibility and good biodegradability, which is expected to substitute poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) plastic as high value‐added biodegradable materials. This work provides an environmental‐friendly and economic strategy for the large‐scale upcycling of PET waste.
Light‐Induced Quantum Reconfiguration of Oxyhydroxides for Photoanodes with 4.24% Efficiency and Stability Beyond 250 Hours
Authors: Xiang Fei , Li Ning , Burguete‐Lopez Arturo , He Zhao , Elizarov Maxim , Fratalocchi Andrea 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is attracting significant research interest in addressing sustainable development goals in renewable energy. Current state‐of‐the‐art, however, cannot provide photoanodes with simultaneously high efficiency and long‐lasting lifetime. Here, large‐scale NiFe oxyhydroxides‐alloy hybridized co‐catalyst layer that exhibits an applied bias photon‐to‐current efficiency (ABPE) of 4.24% in buried homojunction‐free photoanodes and stability over 250 h is reported. These performances represent an increase over the present highest‐performing technology by 408% in stability and the most stable competitor by over 330% in efficiency. These results originate from a previously unexplored mechanism of light‐induced atomic reconfiguration, which rapidly self‐generates a catalytic‐protective amorphous/crystalline heterostructure at low biases. This mechanism provides active sites for reaction and insulates the photoanode from performance degradation. Photon‐generated NiFe oxyhydroxides are more than 200% higher than the quantity that pure electrocatalysis would otherwise induce, overcoming the threshold for an efficient water oxidation reaction in the device. While of immediate interest in the industry of water splitting, the light‐induced NiFe oxyhydroxides‐alloy co‐catalyst developed in this work provides a general strategy to enhance further the performances and stability of PEC devices for a vast panorama of chemical reactions, ranging from biomass valorization to organic waste degradation, and CO2‐to‐fuel conversion.
All‐Solid‐State Lithium–Sulfur Batteries of High Cycling Stability and Rate Capability Enabled by a Self‐Lithiated Sn‐C Interlayer
Authors: Ye Lei , Wang Daiwei , Lu Qian , Jhang Li‐Ji , Kou Rong , Pandey Alok Kumar , Lira Jasiel , Liao Meng , Wang Donghai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAll‐solid‐state lithium–sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) have attracted intense interest due to their high theoretical energy density and intrinsic safety. However, constructing durable lithium (Li) metal anodes with high cycling efficiency in ASSLSBs remains challenging due to poor interface stability. Here, a compositionally stable, self‐lithiated tin (Sn)‐carbon (C) composite interlayer (LSCI) between Li anode and solid‐state electrolyte (SSE), capable of homogenizing Li‐ion transport across the interlayer, mitigating decomposition of SSE, and enhancing electrochemical/structural stability of interface, is developed for ASSLSBs. The LSCI‐mediated Li metal anode enables stable Li plating/stripping over 7000 h without Li dendrite penetration. The ASSLSBs equipped with LSCI thus exhibit excellent cycling stability of over 300 cycles (capacity retention of ≈80%) under low applied pressure (<8 MPa) and demonstrate improved rate capability even at 3C. The enhanced electrochemical performance and corresponding insights of the designed LSCI broaden the spectrum of advanced interlayers for interface manipulation, advancing the practical application of ASSLSBs.
Shape Memory Polymers with Patternable Recovery Onset Regulated by Light
Authors: Huang Jiacheng , Qiu Lintao , Ni Chujun , Chen Guancong , Zhao Qian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractShape memory polymers (SMPs) show attractive prospects in emerging fields such as soft robots and biomedical devices. Although their typical trigger‐responsive character offers the essential shape‐changing controllability, having to access external stimulation is a major bottleneck toward many applications. Recently emerged autonomous SMPs exhibit unique stimuli‐free shape‐shifting behavior with its controllability achieved via a delayed and programmable recovery onset. Achieving multi‐shape morphing in an arbitrary fashion, however, is infeasible. In this work, a molecular design that allows to spatio‐temporally define the recovery onset of an autonomous shape memory hydrogel (SMH) is reported. By introducing nitrocinnamate groups onto an SMH, its crosslinking density can be adjusted by light. This affects greatly the phase separation kinetics, which is the basis for the autonomous shape memory behavior. Consequently, the recovery onset can be regulated between 0 to 85 min. With masked light, multiple recovery onsets in an arbitrarily defined pattern which correspondingly enable multi‐shape morphing can be realized. This ability to achieve highly sophisticated morphing without relying on any external stimulation greatly extends the versatility of SMPs.
Bifunctional Oxygen‐Defect Bismuth Catalyst toward Concerted Production of H2O2 with over 150% Cell Faradaic Efficiency in Continuously Flowing Paired‐Electrosynthesis System
Authors: Zhang Qiqi , Cao Changsheng , Zhou Shenghua , Wei Wenbo , Chen Xin , Xu Rongjie , Wu Xin‐Tao , Zhu Qi‐Long 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from O2 or H2O via the two‐electron (2e−) oxygen reduction (2e− ORR) or water oxidation (2e− WOR) reaction provides a green and sustainable alternative to the traditional anthraquinone process. Herein, a paired‐electrosynthesis tactic is reported for concerted H2O2 production at a high rate by coupling the 2e− ORR and 2e− WOR, in which the bifunctional oxygen‐vacancy‐enriched Bi2O3 nanorods (Ov‐Bi2O3‐EO), obtained through electrochemically oxidative reconstruction of Bi‐based metal–organic framework (Bi‐MOF) nanorod precursor, are used as both efficient anodic and cathodic electrocatalysts, achieving concurrent H2O2 production at both electrodes with high Faradaic efficiencies. Specifically, the coupled 2e− ORR//2e− WOR electrolysis system based on such distinctive oxygen‐defect Bi catalyst displays excellent performance for the paired‐electrosynthesis of H2O2, delivering a remarkable cell Faradaic efficiency of 154.8% and an ultrahigh H2O2 production rate of 4.3 mmol h−1 cm−2. Experiments combined with theoretical analysis reveal the crucial role of oxygen vacancies in optimizing the adsorption of intermediates associated with the selective two‐electron reaction pathways, thereby improving the activity and selectivity of the 2e− reaction processes at both electrodes. This work establishes a new paradigm for developing advanced electrocatalysts and designing novel paired‐electrolysis systems for scalable and sustainable H2O2 electrosynthesis.
Design of Modular, 3D‐Printed Millifluidic Mixers to Enable Sequential NanoPrecipitation (SNaP) for the Tunable Synthesis of Drug‐Loaded Nanoparticles and Microparticles
Authors: Belinky Thomas Y. , Amri Nouha El , Lewis Parker K. , Karakosta LeMay Allie , Pollard Rachel E. , Pinkerton Nathalie M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSequential NanoPrecipitation (SNaP) is a nascent controlled precipitation process for the tunable formation of polymeric particles for drug delivery and bioimaging. While SNaP utilizes the same self‐assembly principles as one‐step Flash NanoPrecipitation, SNaP is a two‐step assembly process in which the particle core formation is initiated during a first mixing step followed by particle stabilization in a second mixing step. Current SNaP experimental set‐ups use commercial millifluidic mixers connected in series, which have several limitations, including the inability to access short inter‐mixer delay times (Td). A robust, 3D‐printed, modular mixer design that enables access to short Td's (〈 25 ms) not previously accessible is reported. For the first time, it is demonstrated that decoupling the assembly steps improves control over particle size, expanding the attainable size range to include both nanoparticles and microparticles. It is empirically proven that inter‐mixer Td is a key parameter for particle size control and that particle size scales with Td in agreement with Smoluchowski's model of diffusion‐limited growth. The formation of particles ranging in size from 160 nm to 1.2 µm is shown. Finally, the applicability of the new mixers is established by encapsulating fluorophores and therapeutics into particles for the first time via SNaP.
Robotic 3D Printing of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoset Composites
Authors: Abdullah Arif M. , Dunn Martin L. , Yu Kai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract3D printing offers a cost‐effective solution for rapidly prototyping and customizing composite products. The integration of multi‐axis robotic systems with the printing process significantly enhances motion control, design flexibility, and manufacturing scalability. In this study, a robot‐assisted manufacturing platform and the associated digital workflow for the 3D printing of UV‐curable continuous fiber‐reinforced polymer composites (CFRPCs) is introduced. Specifically, a transferable protocol is established for robotic 3D printing of CFRPCs, which involves coordinate calculation, trajectory generation, and validation checks. This protocol enables the printing of composite samples or large‐scale structures on both planar substrates and curved 3D substrates. Additionally, composite printing on substrates with unknown profiles using laser‐based 3D scanning is demonstrated. Overall, the developed printing method and workflow are applicable to a broader range of feedstock materials and robotic manipulators, which makes this study a valuable resource for future developments in 3D‐printed CFRPCs.
Autonomous Control of Ion Migration at α‐FAPbI3 Heterointerfaces via Interfacial‐Self‐Assembled 2D Perovskite
Authors: Kim Jihyun , Park Ji‐Sang , Kim Gee Yeong , Jo William 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHarmonizing homogeneity in charge distribution within metal halide perovskite solar cells is essential for maintaining device quality. The adsorption of ions from perovskites onto the electron transport layer leads to the creation of redistributed space‐charge regions (SCR), which facilitate halide segregation and ionic migration, resulting in charge imbalances and diminished extraction capability at the interface. The research examines the intricate interplay between SCRs affecting iodide oxidation and their impact on photovoltaics, uncovering a previously overlooked aspect that the influence of ionic accumulation on electronic charge uniformity. A paradox is identified that electronic charge accumulation at interfaces improves initial open‐circuit voltage, however, compromises stability with a collapsed charge distribution. To address this issue, ion conduction is regulated by utilizing a self‐assembled 2D perovskite resulting from cationic exchange with a low migration barrier at the buried interface, thereby mitigating halide segregation and charge inhomogeneity. This approach exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.38% with a fill‐factor of 84% and maintains 91.87% of the initial PCE for a duration of 2070 h.
Risks of stannous chloride without filtration for hexavalent chromium treatment
Authors: Kennedy Anthony , Gregory Brittany , Medina Mathieu , Whichard Douglas , Edjan Elaine , Henrie Tarrah , Seidel Chad , Gorman Craig 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith increasing interest in using stannous chloride without filtration to achieve hexavalent chromium maximum contaminant level compliance in California, there is new urgency to quantify its effects on water quality and risks to public health manifested in distribution and premise plumbing systems. Accordingly, a 12‐week groundwater pilot study was completed using ubiquitous premise plumbing materials under flowing (to waste) and stagnating conditions of hexavalent chromium‐containing groundwater following stannous chloride addition without filtration. Results quantified the accumulation and release of chromium and tin, with total chromium concentrations exceeding regulatory or acceptable levels under stagnating conditions. Sediment with elevated chromium, tin, arsenic, and manganese concentrations was also observed. Given these observations would likely occur and worsen over time in distribution systems that cumulatively serve large populations, the use of stannous chloride without filtration represents an unacceptable risk to public health compared to other, more well‐established, best available technologies.
The relationship of mental health symptoms to chemotherapy toxicity risk in older adults with cancer: Results from the geriatric assessment–driven intervention study
Authors: Jayani Reena V. , Hamparsumian Anahid , Sun Canlan , Li Daneng , Cabrera Chien Leana , Moreno Jeanine , Katheria Vani , Fernandes Dos Santos Hughes Simone , Taylor Warren D. , Dale William 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDepression and anxiety are prevalent in older adults with cancer but are often undertreated. Older adults are also at increased risk of chemotherapy toxicity (CT). This study evaluated the impact of depression and anxiety symptoms on severe CT risk in older adults with cancer.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of a randomized trial (2:1) evaluating geriatric assessment–driven intervention (GAIN) versus standard of care (SOC) to reduce grade 3+ CT in older adults with cancer. Mental health was assessed via the Mental Health Inventory 13. CT was graded by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0.ResultsA total of 605 patients enrolled (402 GAIN; 203 SOC). Overall, 35% were depressed and 47% were anxious. Patients with depression had increased CT in the SOC arm (70.7% vs. 54.3%; p = .02) but not in the GAIN arm (54.3% vs. 48.5%; p = .27). CT was more likely in SOC patients with depression (odds ratio [OR], 2.03; 95% CI, 1.10–3.72). This association persisted after adjusting for Cancer and Aging Research Group toxicity score (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.07–3.65) and for demographic, disease, and treatment factors (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.03–3.85). Depression and CT were not associated in the GAIN arm (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.84–1.91). Anxiety and CT were not associated in either arm.ConclusionsElevated depression symptoms are associated with increased risk of severe CT in older adults with cancer, which was mitigated with GAIN. This suggests that treating depression symptoms may lower toxicity risk. Future studies are needed to confirm and investigate the impact of depression‐specific interventions on outcomes.
Follicular neoplasms with nuclear atypia versus other types of atypia: Should follicular neoplasms be stratified according to the presence of nuclear atypia?
Authors: Tjendra Youley , Zuo Yiqin , Velez Torres Jaylou M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe third edition of The Bethesda System (TBS) subclassifies the atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) category on the basis of the presence of nuclear atypia (AUS‐Nuclear). This approach is supported by studies showing significant differences in the risk of malignancy (ROM) between AUS‐Nuclear and those without (AUS‐Other). Although aspirates of follicular neoplasms (FNs) are characterized by marked architectural atypia, TBS recognizes the infrequent occurrence of FNs with mild nuclear atypia (FN‐Nuclear). Furthermore, limited studies have shown significant differences in ROM between FN‐Nuclear and those without (FN‐Other). This study explored potential differences in ROM, molecular‐derived risk of malignancy (MDROM), and molecular alterations between FN‐Nuclear and FN‐Other.MethodsA retrospective database search identified 93 FN aspirates. Cytology slides, molecular reports, and histologic follow‐ups were reviewed. Both groups' benign call rate (BCR), positive call rate (PCR), MDROM, and ROM were computed and compared.ResultsEighty‐six percent of aspirates (80 of 93) comprised FN‐Other, whereas 14% (13 of 93) were FN‐Nuclear. The BCR and PCR for FN‐Other were 51% and 49%, respectively. In contrast, they were 23% and 77% for FN‐Nuclear, respectively. The MDROM significantly differed between FN‐Other (30%) and FN‐Nuclear (56%) (p < .05). HRAS mutation was the most common molecular alteration in FN‐Nuclear, whereas mutations in NRAS/KRAS and copy number alterations were more common in FN‐Other. The ROM1/ROM2 in FN‐Other and FN‐Nuclear were 16%/31% and 54%/88%, respectively.ConclusionsThese results reveal that FN‐Nuclear exhibits significantly higher MDROM and ROM than FN‐Other, which provides support for a subclassification scheme for FNs based on the presence of nuclear atypia.
The Sydney system for lymph node FNA biopsy cytopathology: A detailed analysis of recent publications and meta‐analysis and a proposal for the components of an ideal prospective study of a cytopathology reporting system
Authors: Liang Sharron , Cozzolino Immacolata , Zeppa Pio , Field Andrew S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Sydney system for fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of lymph nodes has five categories, stressing the role of correlation of cytopathology with clinical, ultrasound, and ancillary findings to achieve diagnosis. The five categories constitute a hierarchical system with increasing risk of malignancy from benign to atypical, suspicious, and malignant categories, which informs recommendations for further workup to achieve a final diagnosis as possible. This article analyzes 10 publications using the Sydney system and a meta‐analysis of nine of these studies. The primary goal of the analysis is to ascertain the causes of the large ranges in risk of malignancy for the “atypical” and “inadequate” compared to “benign,” “suspicious,” and “malignant” categories, which were comparable to well‐established reporting systems. Research protocols are proposed to improve future studies.MethodsPubMed literature search from January 2021 to December 2023 identified studies evaluating performance of the Sydney system.ResultsTen studies showed heterogeneity with clinical setting, study design, ultrasound use and rapid on‐site evaluation, operator, cutoff points for “positive” cases, with inherent partial verification biases, resulting in a wide range of risk of malignancy, specificity, and sensitivity values.ConclusionAnalysis shows the large range is due to heterogeneity of the studies, which suffer from biases and variable statistical analysis that are ultimately included in any meta‐analysis, detracting from the usefulness of the risk of malignancy derived by the meta‐analysis. Components for ideal analyses of reporting systems are presented.