bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental Health Problems among the Patients Attending in the Orthodontic Department of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital
Authors: Habib MA , Rabbani RMG , Yousuf A , Saha AK , Imon HH , Haque ASMR , Hossain MZ 
Published: October 2013

Objective: To know the prevalence & pattern of dental health problems among Bangladeshi people. Study design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Place of study: Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopaedics of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital, Dhaka. Period of study: From September2011 to February2012. Sample selection: In this study, A total of 500 patients (250 males & 250 females) were selected from Orthodontic department of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital. Results: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 500 patients attending at the department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Dhaka Dental College and Hospital. Gingivitis was the commonest problem in Bangladeshi people according to present study. The second most dental problem was dental caries. The prevalence of orthodontic problems was comparable to the observations made by others. Males and females are equally affected with slight variations in the nature of problems among both genders. Conclusion: Good oral health is essential to improve individual overall health & well-being. We urge to take this information & use it for program planning & advocating for the health of patients, specially for the patients who will receive orthodontic treatment. Therefore, current orthodontic students should receive more education & training before the management of malocclusion to improve the overall quality of care for orthodontic patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v3i2.16608 Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education Vol.3(2) 2013: 19-25
Evaluation of school oral health education program- A review
Authors: Khan MHA , Zaman K , Islam S , Islam MM , Sarwar MG , Rahman MM 
Published: October 2013

The objectives of this review were to examine the various methods of school oral health instruction process and to identify success factors for oral health promotion along with the development of a future framework of action for Oral Health Promotion. In this review, the members of the working groups performed the systematic literature search, screening process, rating of the evidence, assessment of the evidence and presentation of the contents of the evidence to the reader. In this study we performed literature searched published between1990 to 2013. Using database including MEDLINE, PUBMED, HINARI, Google and yahoo health. A total of 31 articles were retrieved and 15 of them were selected for review. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were chosen by working group such as studies reported any oral health promotion intervention in school were eligible for inclusion, Study conducted in the school for adult education or handicapped or disables were excluded, oral health education for adult were excluded In this review the working group tried to synthesize the qualitative and quantitative findings from the selected article. All studies were interventiona, the main intervention was oral health education in variable format along with other activities like fissure sealant, application of fluoride, distribution of tooth brush and toothpaste. In oral health education, presentation materials such as poster, tooth brushing model, life model and multimedia presentation were used. The investigators in five studies distributed tooth brush, tooth paste, tooth brushing calendar etc. Maximum investigators concluded that school oral health education is more or less effective in all situations, the summary of this review confirmed the hypothesis that there would be better and more homogenous oral health in schools where comprehensive oral health activities were developed compared with non-supportive schools. School oral health improvement activities has a great impact for the improvement of oral health among the children. The efficacy of oral health education is well-established and it was found that Oral health education in the school decreased the development of new dental diseases among school children. Majority of students had an adequate level of knowledge on oral health but low level of oral health practices. Reinforcement and encourage to maintain the oral health will be more effective for the long term sustainable oral health. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v3i2.16613 Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education Vol.3(2) 2013: 45-50
Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: Comarmond Cloé , Dessault Odile , Devaux Jean-Yves , Costedoat-Chalumeau Nathalie , Resche-Rigon Matthieu , Isnard Richard , Koskas Fabien , Cacoub Patrice , Saadoun David 
Published: October 2013

Objective.Myocardial perfusion defects using scintigraphy have been frequently observed in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA) without coronary stenosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate coronary microcirculation in TA using thallium-201 (201Tl) myocardial scintigraphy and dipyridamole (DPM) as vasodilator agent.Methods.Twenty-five consecutive patients with TA were prospectively recruited. They were asymptomatic for cardiac issues and examined using 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy at rest and after coronary artery vasodilation with intravenous DPM. Factors associated with improvement in myocardial perfusion after DPM were identified in patients with TA.Results.Among 25 patients with TA, 21 (84%) had 201Tl myocardial perfusion defects and 4 (16%) had normal resting myocardial perfusion. Using a 17-segments model for quantitative image analysis, DPM significantly improved resting 201Tl myocardial perfusion in 14 patients (61%) versus 9 patients without improvement (39%). We were able to examine coronary artery stenoses in 11 patients, including 10 patients with thallium perfusion defects, and significant coronary artery stenoses were present in only 2 patients (18.2%). No significant difference was found in traditional cardiovascular risk factors between TA patients with or without improvement of myocardial perfusion after DPM. The absence of improvement in myocardial perfusion after DPM tended to be closely associated with specific features and prognostic factors of TA, such as aortic regurgitation at diagnosis, renovascular hypertension, longer duration of TA disease, and male sex.Conclusion.We found the significantly high prevalence of myocardial perfusion defects mostly improved after vasodilation with DPM, which may indicate the major role of microcirculatory dysfunction in myocardial ischemia in TA.
Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) with Proteinuria: Clinical Features, Histology, Predictors, and Prognosis in a Cohort of 25 Patients
Authors: Kukuy Olga , Livneh Avi , Ben-David Aharon , Kopolovic Juri , Volkov Alexander , Shinar Yael , Holtzman Eliezer , Dinour Dganit , Ben-Zvi Ilan 
Published: October 2013

Objective.Reactive (AA) amyloidosis may complicate familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), the prototype of autoinflammatory diseases. Thus, proteinuria in FMF is commonly viewed as resulting from amyloidosis, and kidney biopsy is deemed superfluous. However, nephropathy other than amyloidosis has been described in FMF, but its rate and distinctive characteristics are unknown. Our aim was to determine the rate and underlying pathology of FMF-related nonamyloidotic proteinuria and compare its clinical course, demographic, and genetic features to those of FMF-amyloid nephropathy.Methods.This study is a retrospective analysis of data from patients with FMF undergoing kidney biopsy for proteinuria above 0.5 g/24 h, over 10 years (2001–2011). Clinical, laboratory, genetic, and pathology data were abstracted from patient files. Biopsies were viewed by an experienced pathologist, as necessary.Results.Of the 25 patients referred for kidney biopsy, only 15 (60%) were diagnosed with amyloid kidney disease (AKD), and 10 were diagnosed with another nephropathy. The AKD and nonamyloid kidney disease (NAKD) groups were comparable on most variables, but showed distinct characteristics with regard to the degree of proteinuria (6.45 ± 4.3 g vs 2.14 ± 1.6 g, p = 0.006), rate of severe FMF (14 vs 5 patients, p = 0.022), and rate of development of end stage renal disease (73.3% vs 20%, p = 0.015), respectively.Conclusion.NAKD is common in FMF and, compared to amyloidosis, it is featured with milder course and better prognosis. Contrary to common practice, it is highly recommended to obtain a kidney biopsy from patients with FMF and proteinuria more than 0.5 g/24 h.
Situational Analysis of Palliative Care Education in Thai Medical Schools
Authors: Suvarnabhumi Krishna , Sowanna Non , Jiraniramai Surin , Jaturapatporn Darin , Kanitsap Nonglak , Soorapanth Chiroj , Thanaghumtorn Kanate , Limratana Napa , Akkayagorn Lanchasak , Staworn Dusit , Praditsuwan Rungnirand , Uengarporn Naporn , Sirithanawutichai Teabaluck , Konchalard Komwudh , Tangsangwornthamma Chaturon , Vasinanukorn Mayuree , Phungrassami Temsak 
Published: October 2013

Objective The Thai Medical School Palliative Care Network conducted this study to establish the current state of palliative care education in Thai medical schools. Methods A questionnaire survey was given to 2 groups that included final year medical students and instructors in 16 Thai medical schools. The questionnaire covered 4 areas related to palliative care education. Results An insufficient proportion of students (defined as fewer than 60%) learned nonpain symptoms control (50.0%), goal setting and care planning (39.0%), teamwork (38.7%), and pain management (32.7%). Both medical students and instructors reflected that palliative care education was important as it helps to improve quality of care and professional competence. The percentage of students confident to provide palliative care services under supervision of their senior, those able to provide services on their own, and those not confident to provide palliative care services were 57.3%, 33.3%, and 9.4%, respectively. Conclusions The lack of knowledge in palliative care in students may lower their level of confidence to practice palliative care. In order to prepare students to achieve a basic level of competency in palliative care, each medical school has to carefully put palliative care content into the undergraduate curriculum.
Screening for Birth Defects Strategies for Developing Low Resource Countries
Authors: Khurana Ashok , Suresh S , Lulla Chander , Bora Rishabh , Acharya Hriday , Bora Neharika Malhotra , Acharya Prashant 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
Most low resource countries have no definite policies laid down for screening for fetal abnormalities and prenatal diagnostic techniques. The problem with screening scans and prenatal diagnostic techniques is the variable way in which they are conducted. There are no clear guidelines about what should, or what should not be done. What is needed is a standard for a routine anomaly scan.
In the past 10 to 15 years, major advances have been made in prenatal screening. It has been suggested that maternal age alone as a screening strategy should be abandoned, but there is still no consensus on the most cost-effective alternative, and thus no national strategy exists.
This document will provide parameters for obstetricians, radiologists and sonographers–how much screening could be accomplished within the available resources. With the help of prenatal diagnostic technique guideline we will be able to achieve a methodical, uniform and cost-effective way of fetal evaluation.

How to cite this article
Acharya P, Malhotra J, Malhotra N, Suresh S, Khurana A, Lulla C, Acharya H, Bora NM, Bora R, Malhotra K. Screening for Birth Defects Strategies for Developing Low Resource Countries. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(4):453-461.
Intrauterine Transfusions in FHD: When and How?
Authors: Wielgos Miroslaw , Brawura-Biskupski-Samaha Robert 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
Intrauterine fetal blood transfusions still remain the gold standard of prenatal therapy in severe cases of fetal hemolytic disease due to mother-fetus immunization. Middle cerebral artery-peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) measurements plays the most important role in diagnosing the disease. A value of MCA-PSV >1.5 allows us to diagnose severe or moderate anemia and prompts us to treat the patient. The time of subsequent transfusions is estimated by the hemoglobin level directly after the transfusion and the fact that the concentration of fetal hemoglobin in blood decreases at a rate of 0.3 g% per day. Even though effective, these procedures carry with them major risks and that is why prophylaxis is essential.

How to cite this article
Wielgos M, Brawura-Biskupski- Samaha R. Intrauterine Transfusions in FHD: When and How? Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(4):481-483.
Cultivating Folk Arts and Social Change
Authors: Kodish Debora 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Asked to speak about minority traditions and activism, the author describes the work (and pleasure) of being in solidarity and coalition with local people. Describing social justice practices of storyteller Linda Goss, hair sculptor Yvette Smalls, and activist Ellen Somekawa and Asian Americans United, the author outlines how local people have guided the Philadelphia Folklore Project in shaping work over 25 years.
Estimation of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) susceptibility to infection by powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis F. sp. secalis)
Authors: Bujak Henryk , Jurkowski Andrzej 
Published: October 2013

In cold and wet years, powdery mildew (<em>Blumeria graminis</em>) causes losses in the yield of winter rye (<em>Secale cerale</em> L.) amounting to 20%. In order to control the incidence of this disease and reduce the use of fungicides, it is recommendable to grow winter rye cultivars that are resistant or tolerant to infection by <em>Blumeria</em> <em>graminis</em>. The first step in the programmes of resistance-oriented cultivation of winter rye is the choice of adequate components for crossing. Such components should be characterized by resistance to powdery mildew infection, a trait which would be passed onto the new genotypes to be obtained. The paper discusses the outcome of research aimed at selecting inbred lines of winter rye distinguishable by the lowest susceptibility to infection by <em>Blumeria graminis</em>. The evaluation covered 233 winter rye genotypes which had been inoculated with a field population of the pathogen mentioned. The level of infection was defined in a five-point scale from 0 to 4 (the authors’ own scale). Next, the results were analyzed statistically. The genotypes under study were divided using Duncan’s test into homogeneous groups. Seven such groups were distinguished. The first homogeneous group, of the lowest level of infection, comprised five inbred lines of rye. These lines can serve as components for crossing experiments in programmes of resistance-oriented breeding.
Les retombées de la première année d’implantation des classes « Kangourou » au Québec
Authors: Couture Caroline , Lapalme Mélanie 
Published: October 2013

Dans cette étude, les difficultés de comportement et le fonctionnement émotionnel et comportemental de 36 enfants fréquentant des classes « Kangourou » (CK) sont comparés à ceux de 21 enfants avec des difficultés de comportement recevant les services scolaires traditionnels. Les perceptions des enseignants et des parents quant à l’efficacité des CK sur le fonctionnement des enfants et le temps que les élèves des CK ont passé en intégration dans une classe ordinaire sont ensuite décrits. Globalement, les résultats montrent une plus grande amélioration des enfants fréquentant les CK sur les variables mesurant le fonctionnement émotionnel ainsi qu’une perception très positive de l’impact des CK sur le fonctionnement des enfants par les enseignants et les parents.
Le partenariat musée-école aux yeux des enseignants du secondaire : un appui au principe, mais une implication concrète encore hésitante
Authors: Matias Vitor , Lemerise Tamara 
Published: October 2013

Cet article présente les données recueillies, par voie d’entrevues, auprès d’une trentaine d’enseignants ayant récemment fréquenté un musée avec leurs élèves. Le musée est perçu comme un complément à l’école : utile pour certains, nécessaire pour d’autres. Les relations établies avec les musées sont majoritairement de type consommation de services ; quelques répondants ont développé des liens de collaboration étroits. On observe un consensus relatif aux critères utilisés pour juger du succès d’une visite. Ces données, conjuguées à celles disponibles dans la documentation scientifique, permettent de tracer un premier portrait des représentations que les enseignants du secondaire se font du partenariat école-musée.
Le rapport au savoir d’enseignants-étudiants en enseignement professionnel au Québec : étude de cas
Authors: Beaucher Chantale 
Published: October 2013

Les enseignants de formation professionnelle au secondaire au Québec sont des experts de métier ayant développé au fil des ans des compétences professionnelles qui leur valent d’être recrutés par les centres de formation professionnelle. Or, une fois en poste, ils sont tenus de s’inscrire à un programme de formation des maitres à l’université. Le parcours scolaire initial de ces étudiants-enseignants ne laissait souvent pas présager d’une telle possibilité. Quelle est alors la nature du rapport au savoir de ces enseignants de formation professionnelle engagés dans un programme de formation des maitres à l’Université de Sherbrooke ? Le rapport au savoir de trois personnes est décrit dans cet article : celui d’un étudiant qualifié de craintif, celui d’un enthousiaste et celui d’un persévérant.
La mobilisation de stratégies de lecture sur trois formes de documents en 3e secondaire
Authors: Carignan Isabelle 
Published: October 2013

Les adolescents mobilisent-ils les mêmes stratégies de lecture à l’écran et sur papier ? Cet article vise à explorer cette question en considérant les stratégies déclarées par 12 élèves de 3e secondaire lors de la lecture d’un texte argumentatif sur trois formes de documents (texte papier, texte linéaire à l’écran et hypertexte). Les outils méthodologiques utilisés sont les suivants : 1) la technique oculométrique; 2) l’entrevue libre et la verbalisation rétrospective; et 3) l’entrevue semi-dirigée. Les résultats ont, entre autres, démontré que les sujets semblent avoir déclaré davantage de types de stratégies diversifiées sur le texte papier. De plus, les données ont montré que les sujets semblent avoir fait un transfert de stratégies, du papier à l’écran, lors de la lecture de documents électroniques.
Inconsistent condom use among HIV‐positive women in the “Treatment as Prevention Era”: data from the Italian DIDI study
Authors: Cicconi Paola , Monforte Antonella d'Arminio , Castagna Antonella , Quirino Tiziana , Alessandrini Anna , Gargiulo Miriam , Francisci Daniela , Anzalone Enza , Liuzzi Giuseppina , Pierro Paola , Ammassari Adriana ,   on behalf of the Didi Study Group
Published: October 2013

IntroductionTranslation of the evidence regarding the protective role of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on HIV sexual transmission rates into sexual behaviour patterns of HIV‐infected subjects remains largely unexplored. This study aims to describe frequency of self‐reported condom use among women living with HIV in Italy and to investigate the variables associated with inconsistent condom use (ICU).MethodsDIDI (Donne con Infezione Da HIV) is an Italian multicentre study based on a questionnaire survey performed during November 2010 and February 2011. Women‐reported frequency of condom use was dichotomized in “always” versus “at times”/“never” (ICU).ResultsAmong 343 women, prevalence of ICU was 44.3%. Women declared a stable partnership with an HIV‐negative (38%) and with an HIV‐positive person (43%), or an occasional sexual partner (19%). Among the 194 women engaged in a stable HIV‐negative or an occasional partnership, 51% reported fear of infecting the partner. Nonetheless, 43% did not disclose HIV‐positive status. Less than 5% of women used contraceptive methods other than condoms. At multivariable analysis, variables associated with ICU in the subgroup of women with a stable HIV‐negative or an occasional HIV‐unknown partner were: having an occasional partner (AOR 3.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44–8.54, p=0.005), and reporting fear of infecting the sexual partner (AOR 3.20, 95% CI 1.43–7.16, p=0.004). Current use of HAART together with virological control in plasma level did not predict ICU after adjusting for demographic, behavioural and HIV‐related factors. With regard to socio‐demographic factors, lower education was the only variable significantly associated with ICU in the multivariate analysis (AOR 2.27, 95% CI 1.07–4.82, p=0.03). No association was found between high adherence to HAART and ICU after adjusting for potential confounders (AOR 0.89, 95% CI 0.39–2.01, p=0.78).ConclusionsCurrently in Italy, the use of HAART with undetectable HIV RNA in plasma as well as antiretroviral adherence is not associated with a specific condom use pattern in women living with HIV and engaged with a sero‐discordant or an HIV‐unknown partner. This might suggest that the awareness of the protective role of antiretroviral treatment on HIV sexual transmission is still limited among HIV‐infected persons, at least in this country.
From FastQ Data to High‐Confidence Variant Calls: The Genome Analysis Toolkit Best Practices Pipeline
Authors: Van der Auwera Geraldine A. , Carneiro Mauricio O. , Hartl Christopher , Poplin Ryan , del Angel Guillermo , Levy‐Moonshine Ami , Jordan Tadeusz , Shakir Khalid , Roazen David , Thibault Joel , Banks Eric , Garimella Kiran V. , Altshuler David , Gabriel Stacey , DePristo Mark A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis unit describes how to use BWA and the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) to map genome sequencing data to a reference and produce high‐quality variant calls that can be used in downstream analyses. The complete workflow includes the core NGS data‐processing steps that are necessary to make the raw data suitable for analysis by the GATK, as well as the key methods involved in variant discovery using the GATK. Curr. Protoc. Bioinform. 43:11.10.1‐11.10.33. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Wind‐driven nutrient pulses to the subsurface chlorophyll maximum in seasonally stratified shelf seas
Authors: Williams Charlotte , Sharples Jonathan , Mahaffey Claire , Rippeth Tom 
Published: October 2013

AbstractShelf seas are an important global carbon sink. In the seasonal thermocline, the subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM) supports almost half of summer shelf production. Using observations from the seasonally stratified Celtic Sea (June 2010), we identify wind‐driven inertial oscillations as a mechanism for supplying the SCM with the nitrate needed for phytoplankton growth and carbon fixation. Analysis of wind, currents, and turbulent dissipation indicates that inertial oscillations are triggered by a change in the wind velocity. High magnitude, short‐lived dissipation spikes occur when the shear and wind vectors align, increasing the daily nitrate flux to the SCM by a factor of at least 17. However, it is likely that the sampling resolution of turbulent dissipation does not always capture the maximum wind‐driven peak in mixing. We estimate that wind‐driven inertial oscillations supply the SCM with ~33% to 71% of the nitrate required for new production in shelf seas during summer.