bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estrogen receptor beta signaling alters cellular inflammasomes activity after global cerebral ischemia in reproductively senescence female rats
Authors: de Rivero Vaccari Juan Pablo , Patel Hersila H. , Brand Frank J. , Perez‐Pinzon Miguel A. , Bramlett Helen M. , Raval Ami P. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPeriodic treatments with estrogen receptor subtype‐β (ER‐β) agonist reduce post‐ischemic hippocampal injury in ovariectomized rats. However, the underlying mechanism of how ER‐β agonists protect the brain remains unknown. Global cerebral ischemia activates the innate immune response, and a key component of the innate immune response is the inflammasome. This study tests the hypothesis that ER‐β regulates inflammasome activation in the hippocampus, thus reducing ischemic hippocampal damage in reproductively senescent female rats that received periodic ER‐β agonist treatments. First, we determined the effect of hippocampal ER‐β silencing on the expression of the inflammasome proteins caspase 1, apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and interleukin (IL)‐1β. Silencing of ER‐β attenuated 17β‐estradiol mediated decrease in caspase 1, ASC, and IL‐1β. Next, we tested the hypothesis that periodic ER‐β agonist treatment reduces inflammasome activation and ischemic damage in reproductively senescent female rats. Periodic ER‐β agonist treatments significantly decreased inflammasome activation and increased post‐ischemic live neuronal counts by 32% (p < 0.05) as compared to the vehicle‐treated, reproductively senescent rats. Current findings demonstrated that ER‐β activation regulates inflammasome activation and protects the brain from global ischemic damage in reproductively senescent female rats. Further investigation on the role of a periodic ER‐β agonist regimen to reduce the innate immune response in the brain could help reduce the incidence and the impact of global cerebral ischemia in post‐menopausal women.
imageWe propose that estrogen receptor subtype‐β (ER‐β) activation regulates inflammasome activation and protects the brain from global ischemic damage in reproductively senescent female rats.
Global Nursing Issues and Development: Analysis of World Health Organization Documents
Authors: Wong Frances Kam Yuet , Liu Huaping , Wang Hui , Anderson Debra , Seib Charrlotte , Molasiotis Alex 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPurposeTo analyze World Health Organization (WHO) documents to identify global nursing issues and development.DesignQualitative content analysis.MethodsDocuments published by the six WHO regions between 2007 and 2012 and with key words related to nurse/midwife or nursing/midwifery were included. Themes, categories, and subcategories were derived. The final coding reached 80% agreement among three independent coders, and the final coding for the discrepant coding was reached by consensus.FindingsThirty‐two documents from the regions of Europe (n = 19), the Americas (n = 6), the Western Pacific (n = 4), Africa (n = 1), the Eastern Mediterranean (n = 1), and Southeast Asia (n = 1) were examined. A total of 385 units of analysis dispersed in 31 subcategories under four themes were derived. The four themes derived (number of unit of analysis, %) were Management & Leadership (206, 53.5), Practice (75, 19.5), Education (70, 18.2), and Research (34, 8.8).ConclusionsThe key nursing issues of concern at the global level are workforce, the impacts of nursing in health care, professional status, and education of nurses. International alliances can help advance nursing, but the visibility of nursing in the WHO needs to be strengthened.Clinical RelevanceOrganizational leadership is important in order to optimize the use of nursing competence in practice and inform policy makers regarding the value of nursing to promote people's health.
Incidence and Characteristics of Late Catch‐Up Phenomenon Between Sirolimus‐Eluting Stent and Everolimus‐Eluting Stent: A Propensity Matched Study
Authors: Kobayashi Norihiro , Ito Yoshiaki , Nakano Masatsugu , Araki Motoharu , Hirano Keisuke , Yamawaki Masahiro , Takimura Hideyuki , Sakamoto Yasunari , Tsukahara Reiko , Muramatsu Toshiya 
Published: October 2015

ObjectivesWe evaluated and compared the incidence and characteristics of late catch‐up phenomenon (LCU) between everolimus‐eluting stent (EES) and sirolimus‐eluting stent (SES) implantations.BackgroundLate catch‐up phenomenon after everolimus‐eluting stent (EES) implantation has not yet been evaluated sufficiently.MethodsBetween April 2007 and May 2011, 1,234 patients with coronary artery disease were treated with SES and 502 patients with EES. Following propensity score matching, we evaluated 495 SES‐treated patients and 495 ESS‐treated patients. The incidences of LCU (i.e., late target lesion revascularization [TLR] [1–3 years]) were compared.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of TLR at 3 years was 11.9% in the SES group and 6.1% in the EES group (P = 0.001). The incidence of late TLR was 7.5% in the SES group and 3.4% in the EES group (P = 0.004). Even though not statistically significant, intravascular ultrasound showed a higher tendency of stent fracture (SF) in late restenosis lesions in the SES group than in the EES group (37.0% vs 7.7%; P = 0.052). Moreover, the SF rate tended to increase in late restenosis compared with early restenosis (within 1 year) in the SES group compared with the EES group (SES: 37.0% vs 22.2%; P = 0.293, EES: 7.7% vs 10.0%; P = 0.846), although the increase was not significantly different.ConclusionsEES was superior to SES in terms of LCU. SF may be associated with LCU after SES implantation. (J Interven Cardiol 2015;28:551–562)
Cement Selection for Cement‐Retained Implant‐Supported Prostheses: A Literature Review
Authors: Nematollahi Fatemeh , Beyabanaki Elaheh , Alikhasi Marzieh 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCement‐retained implant‐supported prostheses are widely used for restoring missing teeth; however, they show some complications in comparison to screw‐retained restorations, such as difficulty in retrieving the restoration and biocompatibility of cement. Therefore, the practitioner should consider several important aspects when using this type of restoration. In this regard, one major concern is appropriate cement selection, with considerations including cement biologic compatibility, methods for limiting the excess cement, ease of removing the excess cement, radiographic view of the cement, and also the possibility of future retrieval of the prosthesis. The aim of this review article was to address most aspects related to this type of prosthesis in terms of cementation.
Michael Wyschogrod's Messianic Zionism
Authors: Ozar Alex S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis essay presents an integrated account of Michael Wyschogrod's Zionism as a function of his broader theological anthropology, eschatology, and carnal interpretation of Israel's election. Against Leora Batnitzky, I show that Wyschogrod's Zionism, while definitively messianic, is decidedly not fanatical or fundamentalist. Against Meir Soloveichik, I show that Wyschogrod has maintained this non‐fanatical messianism consistently throughout his career, and so his pacific political prescriptions are organically at one with his vigorous calls for Jewish sovereignty over the land.
Natural Law and the “Sin Against Nature”
Authors: Larsen Sean 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTraditional Christian descriptions of homosexuality as a “sin against nature” rely on a claim about the transparency of the sexed body to universal reason: homosexual acts are sins against nature because natural law renders them obviously unnatural. This moral description “unnatural” subverts itself for two reasons. First, neo‐traditionalist descriptions conflate “natural” and “normal.” Dialogue withDidierEribon's work on the “insult” shows how such moral descriptions self‐subvert and render chastity impossible. Second, neo‐traditionalists use the description to require celibacy, which the tradition teaches is likely impossible without a special gift. This use of natural law thus fails to be self‐consistent or true to reality and so undermines its ability to serve as a critical principle in the search for truth. A critical use of natural law allows for an alternative, non‐insulting description of homosexual characters. This essay outlines the character description through immanent critique of two spheres of Catholic teachings about sex: Augustinian sexual ethics and nuptial theology.
Response to Michael Sells
Authors: Green Ronald M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn an era when lies and misrepresentations about historical events easily become firmly rooted, Michael Sells's discussion illustrates the importance of careful historical research as a moral enterprise. In addition to the skills of the historian, however, there is also room in this enterprise for those of the ethicist. In particular, I warn against confusing the truth or falsity of claims about one narrow historical period with larger questions about the moral meaning and significance of those claims. Illustrating this, I argue one cannot assess the legitimacy of competing nationhood claims solely on the basis of the deeds of specific actors. Nor should the actions of a single individual like the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem be converted into a totalizing claim about the rights of the Palestinian people.
Evaluation of an Electrochemical Point‐of‐Care Meter for Measuring Glucose Concentration in Blood from Periparturient Dairy Cattle
Authors: Megahed A.A. , Hiew M.W.H. , Townsend J.R. , Messick J.B. , Constable P.D. 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundThe Precision Xtra® meter is a promising low cost electrochemical point‐of‐care unit for measuring blood glucose concentration ([gluc]) in cattle blood. The meter uses an algorithm that assumes the intra‐erythrocyte [gluc] equals the plasma [gluc] on a molal basis, and that the hematocrit is similar in humans and cattle.ObjectivesThe primary objective was to determine the accuracy of the meter for measuring plasma [gluc] in dairy cattle. Secondary objectives were to characterize the influence of hematocrit and sample temperature on the measured value for [gluc].AnimalsA total of 106 periparturient Holstein‐Friesian cattle.MethodsBlood and plasma samples (1,109) were obtained and Deming regression and Bland–Altman plots were used to determine the accuracy of the meter against the reference method (plasma hexokinase assay). Multivariable regression and linear regression were used to determine the effect of hematocrit and sample temperature on the plasma [gluc] measured by the meter.ResultsIntra‐erythrocyte [gluc] was 18% of plasma [gluc] on a molar basis. Sample temperature had a significant linear effect on plasma [gluc] as measured by the meter for 3/5 plasma samples when measured [gluc] > 160 mg/dL.Conclusions and clinical importanceThe meter utilizes an algorithm that is optimized for human blood and is inaccurate when applied to bovine blood. Until a cattle‐specific algorithm is developed, we recommend using plasma as the analyte instead of blood and calculating plasma [gluc] using the equation: [gluc] = 0.66 × [gluc]p‐meter + 15, where [gluc]p‐meter is the value reported by the meter. If blood is measured, then we recommend using the equation: [gluc] = 0.90 × [gluc]b‐meter + 15.
Scaling and reproducibility of craters produced at the Experimental Projectile Impact Chamber (EPIC), Centro de Astrobiología, Spain
Authors: Ormö J. , Melero‐Asensio I. , Housen K. R. , Wünnemann K. , Elbeshausen D. , Collins G. S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe Experimental Projectile Impact Chamber (EPIC) is a specially designed facility for the study of processes related to wet‐target (e.g., “marine”) impacts. It consists of a 7 m wide, funnel‐shaped test bed, and a 20.5 mm caliber compressed N2 gas gun. The target can be unconsolidated or liquid. The gas gun can launch 20 mm projectiles of various solid materials under ambient atmospheric pressure and at various angles from the horizontal. To test the functionality and quality of obtained results by EPIC, impacts were performed into dry beach sand targets with two different projectile materials; ceramic Al2O3 (max. velocity 290 m s−1) and Delrin (max. velocity 410 m s−1); 23 shots used a quarter‐space setting (19 normal, 4 at 53° from horizontal) and 14 were in a half‐space setting (13 normal, 1 at 53°). The experiments were compared with numerical simulations using the iSALE code. Differences were seen between the nondisruptive Al2O3 (ceramic) and the disruptive Delrin (polymer) projectiles in transient crater development. All final crater dimensions, when plotted in scaled form, agree reasonably well with the results of other studies of impacts into granular materials. We also successfully validated numerical models of vertical and oblique impacts in sand against the experimental results, as well as demonstrated that the EPIC quarter‐space experiments are a reasonable approximation for half‐space experiments. Altogether, the combined evaluation of experiments and numerical simulations support the usefulness of the EPIC in impact cratering studies.
Reliability of blood test results in samples obtained using a 2‐mL discard volume from the proximal lumen of a triple‐lumen central venous catheter in the critically ill patient
Authors: Villalta‐García Pedro , López‐Herránz Marta , Mazo‐Pascual Salvador , Honrubia‐Fernández Teresa , Jáñez‐Escalada Luis , Fernández‐Pérez Cristina 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundIntensive care patients require a high frequency of blood testing, which results in a significant amount of blood loss. When blood is obtained from a central venous catheter (CVC), a large volume is usually discarded to obtain an unaltered sample for testing.AimTo determine the reliability of complete blood test results in blood samples obtained from the proximal lumen of a triple‐lumen CVC using a 2‐mL discard volumeDesignObservational study with the prospective collection of dataMethodsThe subjects enrolled were all patients with a subclavian triple‐lumen CVC, older than 17 years and consecutively admitted to intensive care over a 2‐year period. In each of the 54 participants, one blood sample was drawn from the proximal lumen of the catheter, discarding 1·61 mL of blood plus 0·39 mL of catheter deadspace (2 mL) and without interrupting infusion in the middle and distal lumens. A second sample was then obtained by direct venous puncture. The reliability of blood test results was determined by comparing sets of variables recorded for the two sampling methods through intraclass correlation coefficients in the Bland–Altman method.ResultsInter‐method reliability for the variables examined was excellent, >0·75; range (0·868–0·998). Mean differences between the two sample types for the variables most often determined in critically ill patients were leukocytes: 0·200 × 103/µL, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0·025 to 0·375); erythrocytes: 0·045 × 106/uL, 95% CI (−0·003 to 0·094); sodium: 0·074 mEq/L, 95% CI (−0·369 to 0·517); potassium: −0·002mEq/L, 95% CI (−0·065 to 0·061) and glucose: 2·426 mg/dL, 95% CI (0·498–4·354).ConclusionsThe sampling method proposed minimizes blood loss while offering reliable blood test results.Relevance to clinical practiceThe main benefit of the method proposed is reduced blood loss, improving the care of a critically ill patient.
Parents' and young people's involvement in designing a trial of ventilator weaning
Authors: Tume Lyvonne N. , Preston Jenny , Blackwood Bronagh 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTConsulting with users is considered best practice and is highly recommended in designing new trials. As part of our feasibility work, we undertook a consultation exercise with parents, ex‐patients and young people prior to designing a trial of protocol‐based ventilator weaning. Our aims were to (1) ascertain views on the relevance and importance of the trial; (2) determine the important parent/patient outcome measures; and (3) ascertain views on informed consent in a cluster randomized controlled trial. We conducted audio‐recorded face‐to‐face, telephone and focus group interviews with parents and young people. Data were content analysed to generate information to address our specific consultation objectives. The setting was the north‐western region of England. A total of 16 participants were interviewed: 2 parents of paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) survivors; 1 PICU survivor; and 13 young people from the former Medicines for Children Research Network. The trial objectives were deemed important and relevant, and participants considered the most important outcome measure to be the length of time on ventilation. Parents and young people did not consider written informed consent to be a necessary requirement in the context of this trial, rather awareness of unit participation in the trial was important with the opportunity of opting out of data collection. This consultation provided useful, pragmatic insights to inform trial design. We encountered significant challenges in recruiting parents and young people for this consultation exercise, and novel recruitment methods need to be considered for future work in this field. Patient and public involvement is essential to ensure that future trials answer parent‐relevant questions and have meaningful outcome measures, as well as involving parents and young people in the general development of health care services.
Assessment of Fatty Acid Profile and Seed Mineral Nutrients of Two Soybean (Glycine max L.) Cultivars Under Elevated Ultraviolet‐B: Role of ROS, Pigments and Antioxidants
Authors: Choudhary Krishna Kumar , Agrawal Shashi Bhushan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCurrent scenarios under global climate change envisage a considerable increase in ultraviolet B (UV‐B) radiation in near future which may affect the productivity and yield quality of major agricultural crops. Present investigation was conducted to examine various defense strategies adopted against elevated UV‐B (ambient + 7.2 kJ mˉ2 dayˉ1) and their impact on seed nutrients, content and quality of oil including fatty acid profile of two soybean cultivars (JS‐335 and PS‐1042). Elevated UV‐B (eUV‐B) exposure leads toward higher unsaturation of fatty acids and changes in other oil quality parameters (acid, iodine and saponification value) indicated that eUV‐B favored the synthesis of long‐chain fatty acids with fewer carboxylic acid groups, making the oil rancid, with undesirable flavor and low nutritional value. The effect was more severe in JS‐335 as compared to PS‐1042. Negative effects were also seen on nutrients of soybean seeds. Adverse effects resulted due to insufficient quenching of ROS (superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide) by the defense system and thus unable to overcome the imposed oxidative stress. Credit of better performance by PS‐1042 against eUV‐B may be given to the adoption of efficient defense strategies like higher wax deposition, increase in lignin and flavonoids (quercetin and kaempferol) contents.
Does the Presence of Risk Factors for Fetal Growth Restriction Increase the Probability of Antenatal Detection? A French National Study
Authors: Monier Isabelle , Blondel Béatrice , Ego Anne , Kaminski Monique , Goffinet François , Zeitlin Jennifer 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundScreening for fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a major component of prenatal care. We investigated whether the presence of maternal and pregnancy risk factors for FGR improves the antenatal suspicion of FGR for infants born small‐for‐gestational age (SGA) as well as their impact on screening specificity.MethodsData are from a representative sample of births from the 2010 French National Perinatal Survey (n = 14 100). Detection of FGR was determined by a suspicion of FGR noted in medical charts. Analyses were performed for singleton infants with birthweight under the 10th percentile (SGA), under the 3rd percentile (severely SGA), and above the 10th percentile (false positives) of French references. We studied risk factors for FGR (medical and obstetric conditions, advanced maternal age, nulliparity, body mass index and smoking) using multivariable Poisson regression to derive adjusted risk ratios (aRR).ResultsOf SGA infants, 21.7% were suspected of FGR. The presence of obstetric and medical risk factors for FGR was associated with higher suspicion among SGA infants [RR 2.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7, 2.7]. However, despite the presence of these factors, 60% and 40% of SGA and severely SGA infants, respectively, were not suspected of FGR. Two per cent of normal birthweight infants were suspected of FGR, increasing to 5% when obstetric and medical risk factors were present. Smoking and older maternal age were unrelated to suspicion while females were more likely to be suspected of FGR.ConclusionOur results suggest that better risk assessment could improve antenatal identification of FGR. Sex‐specific fetal growth references should be used to avoid systematic bias linked to sex.
Modulation of ERP components by task instructions in a cued go/no‐go task
Authors: Aasen Ida Emilia , Brunner Jan Ferenc 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe present study investigated how components of ERPs are modulated when participants optimize speed versus accuracy in a cued go/no‐go task. Using a crossover design, 35 participants received instructions to complete the task prioritizing response speed in half of the task, and accurate responding in the other half of the task. Analysis was performed on the contingent negative variation (CNV), P3go, and P3no‐go and the corresponding independent components (IC), as identified by group independent component analysis. After speed instructions, the IC CNVlate, P3goanterior, P3no‐goearly, and P3no‐golate all had larger amplitudes than after accuracy instructions. Furthermore, both the IC P3goposterior and IC P3goanterior had shorter latencies after speed than after accuracy instructions. The results demonstrate that components derived from the CNV and P3 components are facilitated when participants optimize response speed. These findings indicate that these ERP components reflect executive processes enabling adjustment of behavior to changing demands.
Alterations in electrodermal activity and cardiac parasympathetic tone during hypnosis
Authors: Kekecs Zoltán , Szekely Anna , Varga Katalin 
Published: October 2015

AbstractExploring autonomic nervous system (ANS) changes during hypnosis is critical for understanding the nature and extent of the hypnotic phenomenon and for identifying the mechanisms underlying the effects of hypnosis in different medical conditions. To assess ANS changes during hypnosis, electrodermal activity and pulse rate variability (PRV) were measured in 121 young adults. Participants either received hypnotic induction (hypnosis condition) or listened to music (control condition), and both groups were exposed to test suggestions. Blocks of silence and experimental sound stimuli were presented at baseline, after induction, and after de‐induction. Skin conductance level (SCL) and high frequency (HF) power of PRV measured at each phase were compared between groups. Hypnosis decreased SCL compared to the control condition; however, there were no group differences in HF power. Furthermore, hypnotic suggestibility did not moderate ANS changes in the hypnosis group. These findings indicate that hypnosis reduces tonic sympathetic nervous system activity, which might explain why hypnosis is effective in the treatment of disorders with strong sympathetic nervous system involvement, such as rheumatoid arthritis, hot flashes, hypertension, and chronic pain. Further studies with different control conditions are required to examine the specificity of the sympathetic effects of hypnosis.