bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1337 – Obsessive-compulsive Disorder And Hypochondriasis In Schizophrenic Patients Treated With Clozapine Vs Other Atypical Antipsychotics
Authors: Grassi G. , Pellegrini M. , Poli L. , Pallanti S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDespite the growing literature on the co-occurrence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia, there is a lack of studies addressing the co-occurrence of OCD spectrum disorders, such as hypochondriasis, and schizophrenia.Objectives and aimsThe aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence rates of OCD and Hypochondriasis in schizophrenic patients treated with clozapine versus other atypical antipsychotics (AAPs).MethodsWe enrolled 24 consecutive schizophrenic patients treated with clozapine attending the ‘Clozapine Clinic’ of the University of Florence and 24 consecutive schizophrenic patients treated with other AAPs. Patient’s assessment was performed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Hypochondriasis Y-BOCS (HY-BOCS) and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF).ResultsConsidering the whole group (n = 48), we found an OCD prevalence rate of 29.2% (n = 14) and a hypochondriasis prevalence rate of 22.9% (n = 11). We found a significant correlation between Y-BOCS and HY-BOCS scores (p = .007) suggesting an association between OCD and hypochondriasis in these patients. We also found a significant negative correlation between H-YBOCS scores and GAF scores (p = .006). Clozapine-treated patients had a higher rate of OCD (37.5% vs 20.8%). and hypochondriasis (37.5% vs 8.3%) than other AAP-treated patients.ConclusionsWe found a higher prevalence rate of OCD and hypochondriasis comorbidity in schizophrenic patients than in general population. The prevalence rate of OCD and hypochondriasis was higher in clozapine-treated patients versus other AAP-treated patients. Furthermore, the severity of hypochondriasis symptoms was correlated to a lower level of global functioning.
1338 – A Multidimensional Assessment Of Decision-making In Anorexia-nervosa
Authors: Guillaume S. , Adoue C. , Jaussent I. , Beziat S. , Van den Eynde F. , Olié E. , Courtet P. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundAnorexia nervosa (AN) has been inconsistently associated with impaired decision-making. Several methodological issues may underlie these discrepancies such as comorbid conditions or the assessment of this complex cognitive function with a single test.MethodSixty-eight adult women suffering from AN and 49 female controls were included. All completed a clinical assessment and a battery of neuropsychological tests assessing specific aspect of decision-making [IGT, Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), Probabilistic Reversal Learning Task (PRLT) and Brixton Test].ResultsPeople with AN had poorer performance on the IGT and Brixton task, compared to controls. In addition, the AN group made less risky choices on the BART. Performances were similar on PRLT. Of importance, AN patients with a current major depressive disorder showed similar results to those with no current major depressive disorder.ConclusionThese results suggest broad impaired decision making-process in people with AN characterized by inhibition in risk-taking and mismanagement of uncertainty. These impairments seem not related to mood
1345 – Strategy Management Of Psychiatric Inpatients In a Closed Ward Of a Study About Two Years At The e s h Psychiatry, Tizi-ouzou, Algeria
Authors: Messaoudi A. , Saidene K. , Seklaoui S. , Ziri A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionOur work is a statistical study of the service closed EHS OUED AISSI on involuntary admissions for 24 months (2010–2011), hospitalized patients “ngerous”hich requires a program of support particular.ObjectivesAnalyze the different characteristics of hospitalized patients.Study modes most - frequent hospitalizations.Evaluation of the notion of repeating the conduct forensic.Improved quality of care for hospitalized patient’s long term.Study period: two years.Materials and methodsThe department closed the EHS OUED AISSI on involuntary admissions for 24 months (2010-2011). The total sample of 58 patients.Results50% of hospitalized patients are aged between 31 and 40 years and 82.75% are male.93.10% of hospitalizations were involuntary admissions.The majority of patients (89.65%) are not working, and 79.31% are single.41.37% of patients have a primary education and 56.89% have a high socio-economic means.The reason for hospitalization most common (50% of cases) is conduct disorder with straight aggression and 17.24% have a history of prison.37.93% of patients have a history of addictive behavior.The diagnosis of Paranoid Schizophrenia is placed in 65.51% of patients.ConclusionIn society should always seek a balance between health and social justice that is to say between prison psychiatric hospital and social inclusion.The hospital closed in the service is a means of protection and care for patients classified as dangerous for themselves and for society.The psychiatrist must be at the interface between medicine and justice, in its psycho-social dimension.
1349 – Evidence Of Neurophysiological Distinction Between Schizophrenia And Schizoaffective Disorder
Authors: Zaytseva Y. , Garakh Z. , Kapranova A. , Gurovich I.Y. , Strelets V.B. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundTo date, studies investigating the neurobiological basis of distinction between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder are rare, although patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder demonstrate different clinical and functional outcomes.MethodsWe analysed the EEG parameters (spectral power and coherence) in resting state and while performance of the arithmetical task (subsequent subtraction from 200-7) in 32 patients with first episode of schizophrenia (SCH, n = 32), 32 patients with frist episode of schizoaffective disorder (SAD, n = 32) and healthy controls (HC, n = 40).ResultsIn resting state in SCH spectral power (SP) of theta and gamma band was higher, and lower in alpha band comparing to HC. In SAD SP was higher only in beta2 band in contrast to HC. Coherence in resting state in SAD was higher comparing to HC as well as SCH in prefrontal areas in theta band and in the posterior regions in fast frequency bands (gamma1 and gamma2). Comparison of task performance with resting state in HC showed increase of SP in theta and gamma bands in anterior midline sites with synchronous increase of coherence in prefrontal areas. In SCH reduced SP of theta, alpha and beta bands and decreased coherence in all bands was obtained. In SAD we observed elevation of SP in gamma band as well as increase of coherence in all frequency bands except theta band.ConclusionsOur findings indicate the neurophysiological distinction between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders and provide the basement for further research.
1350 – Cultural Concepts Of Temporality And The Psychopathology Of Traumatic Experience
Authors: Bastos C.L. , Coelho C.L.M. 
Published: July 2013

Two fundamental aspects of cultural intuitive conceptions of time’s passage - cyclic and continuous temporality - are here related to clinical psychopathology of post-traumatic stress in Brazil. People with predominantly cyclical cultural perceptions of time tend to see life and death as part of an eternal movement. Severity and persistence of mental trauma are not directly related to the magnitude of the catastrophe or even of the traumatic experience, but rather to the way they pervade the mind and to the roles they represent on it. Modern culture tends to produce individuals prepared to a highly complex world, running in a frantic rhythm and under constant pressure. Nearly all events must be anticipated, planned or controlled, and obsessive traits tend to be facilitated. However, in catastrophic, unpredictable events, when nothing can be done, these full-schedule people may show frailty and despair.Traditional communities seem capable to bear extremely high levels of aggression or suffering - in traumatic and catastrophic situations - without showing proportional signs of mental stress. While in the high social layers of modern communities an act of violence as an assault or rape may have serious and long lasting consequences, in everyday public hospital practice we come across victims of potentially traumatic events without any of the expected devastating effects on their mental life. Periodic dissociative rituals may have a role in their resilience.
1352 – Anti-NMDA-receptor Encephalitis: a New Differential Diagnosis To First Psychotic Break
Authors: Jesus G. , Guarda C. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionFirst psychotic break represents a challenging differential diagnosis for psychiatrists as the clinical outcome depends on an aetiology-directed approach. There is growing focus on detection of treatable causes of psychosis because treatment can alter the natural history of disease. Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis is a recently described treatable neuropsychiatric disease presenting with psychiatric symptoms.ObjectivesReview of epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic tests and differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of anti-NMDAr encephalitis.MethodsCase report of a patient diagnosed with anti-NMDAr encephalitis. Review of relevant literature collected from medical internet databases.ResultsMale 15 year-old patient with a previous episode of involuntary movements of the limbs and loss of conscience, presented with distonic contact, behaviour disturbances, sexual stereotypies, agitation and disturbed speech, that evolved with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, global aphasia and sinking of consciousness. A diagnose of anti-NMDAr encephalitis was made and partial recovery was obtained after treatment.DiscussionAnti-NMDAr encephalitis is an auto-immune process against synaptic receptors, paraneoplasic or not, detectable by anti-body mesurement in CSF. Most patients develop a multistage illness initially presenting with psychiatric manifestations, progressing to seizures, language disintegration and catatonic states associated with abnormal movements. As patients are frequently treated with antipsychotics, motor abnormalities and catatonia are often interpreted as extrapyramidal effects or neuroleptic malignant syndrome, confounding the diagnosis.ConclusionEarly recognition and treatment of anti-NMDAr encephalitis improve the outcome. Psychiatrists working in emergency departments and first psychotic break units should be aware of this severe disorder in order to start adequate treatment and prevent negative outcomes
1354 – Type Of Traumatic Experience And Depression In Adolescents
Authors: Burgic Radmanovic M. , Burgic S. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThere is a growing body of epidemiologic evidence that psychosocial factors are linked to depression.ObjectiveRelations between presence of depression and traumatic experiences in adolescent’s anamnesis are presented in this research study in which 536 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years took part.AimsIdentification connection type of traumatic experiences and depression in adolescent.MethodsBy using BDI and RADS is found that 12 -18% of adolescents confirm clinical level of depression sypmptoms. On LSCL-R questionary 415 adolescents (77,4%) had stress life events. The most of them had death of close person, catastrophe, or had been witness of catastrophe or severe accident, while small number of them had had severe accident, or were witness of violence in family, experienced divorce of parents, emotional, physical and sexsual abuse, severe financial difficultys etc.ResultsThere is strong connection between type of trauma and depression.ConclusionThe deepest depression of adolescence was caused by physical and sexsual abuse, death and illness of family member, violence, conflicts and heavy disagreement in family. It is important to seek and discover adolescents who are under the influence of various stress factors, because it decreases risk of developing depression disorders. Support and help of family members defend adolescent of depressive answers on various traumatic experiences.
1369 – Efficacy, Tolerability And Remission In Switching Antipsychotics Study: Nineteen Years Of Schizophrenia
Authors: Franza F. , Aquino K. , Fasano V. , Soddu A. , Fiorentino N. , Mazziotti di Celso R. , Calabrese L. , Iandoli M. , Battista A. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundDespite their proven efficacy and tolerability, many patients are often switched among antipsychotics therapies due to the lack of therapeutic response. Many physicians begin to switching antipsychotics with the original intention to discontinue the drug, and, continue with another therapy. Several new antipsychotics available allow us to improve the long- term therapy.MethodsNineteen year open label study in ‘real world’ setting in 121 inpatients with schizophrenia (DSM-III -> DSM-IV-TR) observed first time in 1992 in a neuropsychiatric centre and subsequently clinically evaluated until 2011; data collected and compared to switching between antipsychotics (from haloperidol to clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole). At baseline: epidemiogical and biological parameters, PANSS, QLindex and, subsequently, with CGI-S scores during every clinical visit of control [T1 → T7]. The overall analysis carried out with EZAnalyze(c) ver.3.0.ResultsIn the clozapine group remission rates were higher than other groups; Interrupted therapy: 27.62% of patients with risperidone, 34.85% with quetiapine. A consistent number of patients (8.04%), who have suspended the ‘first’ therapy with haloperidol, have assumed again the therapy with haloperidol toT7. Outcome was good in 28.4%,intermediate in 50,1% and poor in 21%. CGI-S T7 vs T0 (Severity of illness= p: 0,0066; Global improvement = p: 0,02844; Efficacy index =p: 0,00597)ConclusionStudy suggested that most clinically stable outpatients with schizophrenia maintain remission states after being switched to atypical antipsychotics; a T7 (19 years) a consistent number of patients assumed again haloperidol with satisfactory rate of 51.18% then previous pharmacological treatments with a atypical antipsychotics.
1370 – Adolescents’ Mental Health Evaluation In Ukraine Using Adapted Seyle Protocol
Authors: Rozanov V. , Rozanova O.V. , Rakhimkulova A.V. , Reytarova A.A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionModern situation n Ukraine is charachterized by rapid growth of socio-economic inequality.ObjectivesTo evaluate mental health, psychosocial problems and suicidality in adolescents aged 14-17 years with regards to socio-economic factors of the families.AimsTo evaluate role of socio-economic enaquality as a factor impairing adolescents’ mental health.MethodsComponents of SEYLE protocol were adapted to local regulations and were used to measure wide range of psycho- social factors characterizing adolescents’ mental health. 250 children aged 14-17 representing different types of schools (from elite gymnasiums to municipal boarding-schools) were questioned.ResultsIt was found that main psychosocial problems of adolescents were in the domains of sleep disturbances, internet addiction, unhealthy life styles including smoking, alcohol and risky behaviours. Both negative and positive characteristics have a tendency to clastering. Suicidal thoughts are admitted by 30% of children with a slight prevalence in girls. One of the strong predictors of negative life styles and mental health problems is the answer to the question if a child have ever seen a parent being drunk. There was a marked association between mental health problems and socio-economic status of the family. Poorer economic status of the family was associated with higher level of depression, feeling of stress, loneliness, psychosomatic symptoms and suicidal thoughts in adolescents.ConclusionsSocio-economic status of the families, parents life styles, internet abuse and fatigue play an important role in adolescents suicidality. Children are very susceptible to the stress in parents caused by socio-economic circumstances.
1373 – Agomelatine And Sertraline For The Treatment Of Depression In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Karaiskos D. , Tzavellas E. , Ilias I. , Liappas A. , Liappas I. , Paparrigopoulos T. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionFifteen percent of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) meet the criteria for comorbid major depression. To maximize response of both depression and diabetic disorder, one should consider antidepressant treatment.ObjectiveThe present study compared the efficacy of agomelatine and sertraline in the treatment of symptoms of depression/anxiety, diabetes self-care, and metabolic control in a sample of depressed patients with non-optimally controlled type 2 DM.MethodThis was an observational study of 40 depressed patients with DM who were randomly assigned to receive either agomelatine or sertraline, and were assessed over a 4-month period for depression, anxiety, self care, fasting plasma glucose, haemoglobin A1c and body weight.ResultsHDRS scores fell at the end of the study for both treatment groups; significantly lower HARS scores were noted at the last assessment for the agomelatine group. Body weight increased slightly in the sertraline group. Although an improvement in fasting plasma glucose was observed in the final assessment in both treatment groups glycated hemoglobin showed a tendency towards lower values in the agomelatine group. Both groups had better SCI scores at the end of the study; the changes in the agomelatine group were higher. Both antidepressants were well tolerated and none of the patients dropped-out of the study.ConclusionThe main finding of the present study was that agomelatine had a more positive effect than sertraline on symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as metabolic parameters and health-related behaviors, in depressed patients with type 2 DM.
1376 – Anti-psychotic Drugs: a Major Cause Of Hyperprolactinemia In a General Medicine Practice
Authors: Agarwal S.K. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionElevated prolactin levels in a general medicine practice invariably raise the suspicion of prolactinoma. Prolactinoma is, a benign adenoma or tumor of the pituitary gland often producing clinically significant levels of prolactin. The finding of elevated prolactin levels is therefore associated with distinct clinical and therapeutic implications. However antipsychotic medications are a major cause of hyperprolactinemia and recognition of this fact may obviate complicated and expensive testing in these patients.ObjectivesTo evaluate the cause of hyperprolactinemia in patients seen in a general medicine practice.AimsTo document the role played by anti-psychotic medications in hyperprolactinemia.MethodsWe identified 364 consecutive office patients who had their prolactin levels routinely measured during an 8 month period. None of these patients were pregnant or lactating. Testing was done by a commercial laboratory and normal levels were defined as 4.0 ng/ml to 15.2 ng/ml.ResultsOf 364 patients (203(56%) males, 161 (44%)females [ages 26 to 82]), 84 (23%) had elevated prolactin levels. Of these 55(65%) were in patients who were on antipsychotic medications. 29(35%) patients had non-psychiatric cause of hyperprolactinemia.ConclusionsProlactin levels are normally elevated during pregnancy and lactation. Elevated prolactin levels are also seen in many medical conditions including prolactinoma and primary hypothyroidism. Levels may also be elevated with the use of SSRI and SNRI medications and during times of extreme emotional stress. This study shows that the vast majority of patients seen in an general medicine practice with elevated prolactin levels have mental illnesses and are on anti-psychotic medications.
1378 – Elevated Inflammatory Markers In Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Agarwal S.K. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionInfection and the resultant immune response may play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Higher levels of inflammation appear to be associated with worse psychotic symptoms in these patients. Further anti-inflammatory agents such as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors have been shown to improve symptoms in this population. CRP and ESR are two simple, cheap and readily available measurements that reliably reflect inflammation.ObjectivesTo evaluate if inflammation is common in schizophrenia patients.AimsTo establish that acute phase inflammatory marker CRP and chronic phase inflammatory marker ESR are elevated in the schizophrenia patients.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the laboratory results of all schizophrenia patients seen in our office during a period of one year. These visits were for routine yearly physical. All patients were diagnosed and being treated for schizophrenia by psychiatrists. CRP was considered indicative of inflammation if it measured between 1 and 10 while ESR was considered abnormal if it was more than 20.ResultsOf a total of 60 patients (47 men; 13 women; ages 22-54): CRP elevated in 30 of 60 (50%): men 22 (47%) out of 47; females 8 out of 13 (61%). ESR elevated in 21(40%) out of 52: men 15 (37%) out of 41: females 6 (55%) out of 11.ConclusionPatients with schizophrenia appear to have high rates of inflammation. This may partly explain the increased premature morbidity and mortality seen in these patients. The therapeutic use of aspirin or other anti-inflammatory drugs in this population needs to be explored.
1382 – High Prevalence Of Low Testosterone Levels In Male Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Agarwal S.K. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionRecent neuroendocrinological studies have suggested that gonadal sex hormones play a significant role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Low testosterone levels are also associated with negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia. Patients receiving treatment for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder also show high rates of sexual dysfunction. Studies suggest that testosterone augmentation may play a potential therapeutic role in these patients.ObjectivesTo study a cohort of schizophrenia patients for the presence of hypotestosteronemia.AimsTo establish that low testosterone hormone levels occur at a lower age in schizophrenia population.MethodsWe reviewed the total testosterone levels of all male schizophrenic patients seen in our office over a period of one year for a routine yearly physical. The blood was tested by LabCorp using the liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (L/MS-MS). Normal values using this sensitive method are between 348.0–1197 ng/dL.ResultsThere were a total of 61 male schizophrenia patients who had their testosterone levels tested during this period. Their ages ranged from 22 to 48 years. 23 (38%) out of the 61 men had serum testosterone less than 348 ng/dl, while 38 (62%) had testosterone levels between 348 ng/dl and 1197 ng/dl. None had testosterone levels above normal.ConclusionsA significant number of our male patients with schizophrenia had hypotestosteronemia. Since gonadal sex hormones play a significant role in the patho-physiology of schizophrenia, testosterone levels should be routinely measured in the male patients. The role of testosterone supplementation in these patients needs to be further explored.