bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can mindfulness meditation alter consciousness? An integrative interpretation
Authors: Manuello Jordi , Vercelli Ugo , Nani Andrea , Costa Tommaso , Cauda Franco 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTMindfulness meditation has been practiced in the East for more than two millennia, but in last years also Western neurscientists drown their attention to it. Mindfulness basically refers to moment to moment awareness. In this review we summarize different hypotheses concerning effects of mindfulness meditation practice and cerebral correlates accounting for these; furthermore we expose some of the most relevant theories dealing with different aspects of consciousness. Finally we propose an integration of mindfulness meditation with consciousness, supported by the identification of brain areas involved in both of them, namely Anterior Cingular Cortex (ACC), Posterior Cingular Cortex (PCC), Insula and Thalamus.
S/HIC: Robust identification of soft and hard sweeps using machine learning
Authors: Schrider Daniel R. , Kern Andrew D. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTDetecting the targets of adaptive natural selection from whole genome sequencing data is a central problem for population genetics. However, to date most methods have shown sub-optimal performance under realistic demographic scenarios. Moreover, over the past decade there has been a renewed interest in determining the importance of selection from standing variation in adaptation of natural populations, yet very few methods for inferring this model of adaptation at the genome scale have been introduced. Here we introduce a new method, S/HIC, which uses supervised machine learning to precisely infer the location of both hard and soft selective sweeps. We show that S/HIC has unrivaled accuracy for detecting sweeps under demographic histories that are relevant to human populations, and distinguishing sweeps from linked as well as neutrally evolving regions. Moreover we show that S/HIC is uniquely robust among its competitors to model misspecification. Thus even if the true demographic model of a population differs catastrophically from that specified by the user, S/HIC still retains impressive discriminatory power. Finally we apply S/HIC to the case of resequencing data from human chromosome 18 in a European population sample and demonstrate that we can reliably recover selective sweeps that have been identified earlier using less specific and sensitive methods.
The role of oxygen in avascular tumor growth
Authors: Grimes David Robert , Kannan Pavitra , McIntyre Alan , Kavanagh Anthony , Siddiky Abul , Wigfield Simon , Harris Adrian , Partridge Mike 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe oxygen status of a tumor has significant clinical implications for treatment prognosis, with well-oxygenated subvolumes responding markedly better to radiotherapy than poorly supplied regions. Oxygen is essential for tumor growth, yet estimation of local oxygen distribution can be difficult to ascertainin situ, due to chaotic patterns of vasculature. It is possible to avoid this confounding influence by using avascular tumor models, such as tumor spheroids, a much better approximation of realistic tumor dynamics than monolayers, where oxygen supply can be described by diffusion alone. Similar to insitutumours, spheroids exhibit an approximately sigmoidal growth curve, often approximated and fitted by logistic and Gompertzian sigmoid functions. These describe the basic rate of growth well, but do not offer an explicitly mechanistic explanation. This work examines the oxygen dynamics of spheroids and demonstrates that this growth can be derived mechanistically with cellular doubling time and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) being key parameters. The model is fitted to growth curves for a range of cell lines and derived values of OCR are validated using clinical measurement. Finally, we illustrate how changes in OCR due to gemcitabine treatment can be directly inferred using this model.
Corrosion investigations on secondary treated paper mill effluents
Authors: Ram Chhotu , Sharma Chhaya , Singh A K 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to report on corrosivity of secondary-stage paper mill effluent and corrosion performance of stainless steels.

Design/methodology/approach
– For this purpose, immersion test and electrochemical polarization tests were conducted in mill and synthetic effluent to evaluate the uniform and localized corrosion.

Findings
– Corrosivity of mill effluent has been compared with synthetic and primary-stage effluent of the same mill. It is observed that anions present in them, viz. SO4−, PO34−, NO2− and NO3−, impart inhibition, whereas Cl− and chlorophenols enhance the corrosivity of the effluent. The overall effect of various components was reduction in corrosivity of secondary mill effluent.

Originality/value
– These observations can be useful for material selection and helpful in corrosion mitigation in paper mill effluent treatment plants.
Multi-criteria decision making for supplier selection using fuzzy AHP approach
Authors: Yadav Vinod , Sharma Milind Kumar 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a multi-criteria supplier selection model using fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) approach for a leading automobile company in India.

Design/methodology/approach
– FAHP approach followed by a sensitivity analysis has been used.

Findings
– In this study, a FAHP-based supplier selection model is proposed to provide useful insights in choosing appropriate suppliers in dynamic situations in order to enhance long-term relationship with them.

Practical implications
– This study proposes a supplier selection model for an automobile industry which often faces heterogeneous supply environments. This model may have a high acceptability where a large number of suppliers are available to supply the materials or provide the services. As analytic hierarchy process is the most widely used methodology for supplier selection, however, it becomes less efficient in case of inconsistencies observed in the data. However a FAHP-based approach may overcome this difficulty.

Originality/value
– It contributes to supplier selection process and points out the importance of supplier selection problem, especially in the context of multi-criteria decision-making in Indian scenario.
Assessing maturity development of purchasing management in construction
Authors: van Lith Jan , Voordijk Hans , Matos Castano Julieta , Vos Bart 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– Prime contractors spent a substantial part of their turnover on purchasing. The management of the purchasing function therefore has a large influence on the overall performance of a prime contractor. The more developed the purchasing function is, the greater its contribution to success of the companies. The purpose of this paper is to measure and explain the development in maturity of the purchasing function in construction firms.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on a literature review, a theoretical framework for the assessment of purchasing maturity is provided first. Then a longitudinal multiple case study is executed in order to assess the maturity development of the purchasing function in seven construction companies. Results are compared with a historical baseline assessment.

Findings
– The results demonstrate an increase in the maturity of the purchasing function in general and in particular in the management of strategic relations. The case companies have reached a maturity in which they start to coordinate activities in their supply chains. Increased use of IT solutions enables a more integrated approach of the construction process.

Practical implications
– IT and in particular Building Information Modelling pave the path towards an integrated supply chain, which in turn enables the reduction of waste in the processes. Nevertheless, companies still struggle with the tension between project-based flexibility and long-term relations with suppliers.

Originality/value
– The development of purchasing maturity was measured in a baseline measurement and in a second assessment performed five years later by using the exact same model and exact same case companies.
Homicide-suicide offences: description, classification and short case studies
Authors: Sturup Joakim , Caman Shilan 
Published: August 2015

Purpose
– Although homicide-suicide (H-S) offences are rare, they have remarkably tragic consequences. The purposes of this paper are to: examine the background characteristics of H-S offenders (including previous offending history and psychiatric elements); describe the crime-scene behavior and examine the motivational aspects of the offences; and to establish the reliability in the outlined typologies.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study consists of case series of all H-S offenders in Sweden, January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2009 (n=13), and data was collected from medico-legal autopsy reports, police investigations and three national databases.

Findings
– Of all Swedish homicides, 5.5 percent consisted of H-S cases, and the rate of H-S was 0.05 per 100,000 inhabitants. Seven of the offenders had had previous contact with a psychiatric service, however, the average time between the last contact and the offence was slightly more than four years. Three of the offenders had previously been convicted of a violent crime and nine of the 13 offenders were involved in serious marital conflicts during the time of the offence. In conclusion, the study supports the notion that cases of H-S are mainly associated with intimate partner homicides, rather than suicide or other homicides. However, the offences were not always directly aimed toward the (former) spouse, but instead carried out through a proxy (such as a common child).

Originality/value
– The study adds in-depth knowledge by using a qualitative approach in an otherwise scarce area of research.
New eco-friendly anticorrosive core-shell pigments
Authors: Ahmed Nivin M , Abd El-Gawad Walaa M. , Youssef Elham A. , Souaya Eglal R. 
Published: August 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to present the preparation of core-shell ferrites/kaolin pigments and comparing their efficiency in protecting metal substrates to original ferrites which were also prepared. Core-shell structured particles are recently gaining lots of importance due to their exciting applications in different fields; these particles are constructed from cores and shells of different chemical compositions which show ultimately distinctive properties of varied materials different from their counterparts. The new core-shell pigment is based on shell of different ferrites that comprises only 10-20 per cent of the whole pigment on kaolin (cores) which is a cheap and abundant ore that comprises 80-90 per cent of the prepared pigment. The new pigments do not only comprise two different components, but they also contain pigment and extender in the same compound; their loadings in the paint formulations ranges from 50 and 75 per cent of the whole pigment. The work showed that these eco-friendly and cheap core-shell pigments are comparable in their efficiency to that of ferrites in protecting steel substrates.Design/methodology/approach– The different ferrites and ferrites/kaolin pigments were characterized using different analytical and spectrophotometric techniques, such as X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDAX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Evaluation of these pigments was done using international standard testing methods (ASTM). After evaluation, the pigments were incorporated in solvent-based paint formulations based on medium oil-modified soya-bean dehydrated castor oil alkyd resin. The physico-mechanical properties of dry films and their corrosion properties using accelerated laboratory test in 3.5 per cent NaCl for 28 days were determined.Findings– The results of this work revealed that ferrite/kaolin core-shell pigments were close in their performance to that of the ferrite pigments in protection of steel, and at the same time, they verified good physico-mechanical properties.Practical implications– Treated kaolin can be applied in many industries beside pigment manufacture and paint formulations; it can be applied as reinforcing filler in rubber, plastics and ceramic composites. Also, it is applied in paper filling, paper coatings and electrical insulation.Originality/value– Ferrite and ferrite/kaolin are environmentally friendly and can replace other hazardous pigments (e.g. chromates) with almost the same quality in their performance; also, they can be used in industries other than paints, for example paper, rubber and plastics composites.
On Murray Jackson's 1961 ‘Chair, couch and countertransference’
Authors: Connolly Angela 
Published: August 2015

AbstractOne of the problems facing psychoanalysts of all schools is that theory has evolved at a much faster pace than practice. Whereas there has been an explosion of theory, practice has remained, at least officially, static and unchanging. It is in this sense that Murray Jackson's 1961 paper is still relevant today. Despite the rise of the new relational and intersubjective paradigms, most psychoanalysts, and not a few Jungian analysts, still seem to feel that the couch is an essential component of the analytical setting and process. If the use of the couch is usually justified by the argument that it favours regression, facilitates analytical reverie and protects the patient from the influence of the analyst, over time many important psychoanalysts have come to challenge this position. Increasingly these analysts suggest that the use of the couch may actually be incompatible with the newer theoretical models. This contention is strengthened by some of the findings coming from the neurosciences and infant research. This underlines the necessity of empirical research to verify the clinical effectiveness of these different positions, couch or face‐to‐face, but it is exactly this type of research that is lacking.
When symptom is symbol: some comments on Rosemary Gordon's, ‘Masochism: the shadow side of the archetypal need to venerate and worship’
Authors: Stein Murray 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis paper is a commentary on Rosemary Gordon's paper, ‘Masochism: the shadow side of the archetypal need to venerate and worship’, with a suggestion for an alternative interpretation of masochism as a part of a sado‐masochistic couple. Gordon postulates an archetypal need to venerate and worship that can be hidden in the shadow and distorted in such practices as sexual masochism. Her paper also offers several avenues of exploration for further studies in connection with the phenomenon of masochism, including sexual perversion (‘paraphilia’), chronic psychological victimhood, PTSD and traumatology, religious extremist behaviour such as self‐flagellation, transformation in the individuation process and numinous experience. An extension of her hypothesis to include religious problems of modernity is suggested.
Inter‐rater Reliability of Criteria‐Based Content Analysis of Children's Statements of Abuse
Authors: Niveau Gérard , Lacasa Marie‐Josée , Berclaz Michel , Germond Michèle 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe evaluation of children's statements of sexual abuse cases in forensic cases is critically important and must and reliable. Criteria‐based content analysis (CBCA) is the main component of the statement validity assessment (SVA), which is the most frequently used approach in this setting. This study investigated the inter‐rater reliability (IRR) of CBCA in a forensic context. Three independent raters evaluated the transcripts of 95 statements of sexual abuse. IRR was calculated for each criterion, total score, and overall evaluation. The IRR was variable for the criteria, with several being unsatisfactory. But high IRR was found for the total CBCA scores (Kendall's W = 0.84) and for overall evaluation (Kendall's W = 0.65). Despite some shortcomings, SVA remains a robust method to be used in the comprehensive evaluation of children's statements of sexual abuse in the forensic setting. However, the low IRR of some CBCA criteria could justify some technical improvements.
Determination of Nitrite in Whole Blood by High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection and a Case of Nitrite Poisoning
Authors: Yan Hui , Zhuo Xiangyi , Shen Baohua , Xiang Ping , Shen Min 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAlthough nitrite is widely used in meat processing, it is a major toxicity hazard to children and is responsible for the blue‐baby syndrome. A simple and effective method to determine nitrite in whole blood has been devised using ion chromatography with suppressed conductivity detection. The blood sample was deproteinized by adding acetonitrile and purified with mini‐cartridges to remove hydrophobic compounds, chloride ions, and metal ions. An aliquot of the filtrate was injected onto the ion chromatography. The retention time for nitrite was 13.8 min and the detection limit of nitrite in whole blood was 0.4 μmol/L. The calibration curve was linear (r2 = 0.9999) over the concentration working range. The blood nitrite concentration of a victim who attempted suicide by ingesting sodium nitrite powder was determined using the present method. The basal levels for nitrite in human blood was determined with 7.1 ± 0.9 μmol/L (n = 12).
Getting to the First Handshake: Enhancing Security by Initiating Cooperation in Transboundary River Basins
Authors: Petersen‐Perlman Jacob D. , Wolf Aaron T. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractHow does transboundary water cooperation begin at the initial stages, and how can third parties help to foster said cooperation? Many nations with transboundary waters do not cooperate or have ceased cooperation. Yet cooperation often prevails, resulting in 688 water‐related treaties signed from 1820 to 2007. We address the following: by which practices can development partners best design and implement cooperative projects at the state level to enhance basin water security in the earliest stages? This article identifies strategies for initiating cooperation and lessons drawn from reviewing select cases. We compiled from the Oregon State University Transboundary Freshwater Dispute Database all transboundary water resources projects over the last decade with multinational participation. We selected 10 case studies that enhance water security that fit the following filtering criteria: (1) Funding exclusively/primarily from outside sources, (2) Including nonofficial stakeholders in project design/implementation, (3) Absence of formal relations around water resources between or among the riparian nations before the project was discussed, (4) Project design possibly enhancing hydropolitical relations. Findings suggest that to enhance water security, project designs should respect participating riparians' autonomies, create basin‐wide networks of scientists, allow for each partner to garner responsibility for project activities, and consult a diverse group of stakeholders.
Use of alveolar distraction osteogenesis for implant placement: a case report with eight‐year follow‐up
Authors: Bozkaya S , Durmuşlar MC , Çakir M , Erkmen E 
Published: August 2015

AbstractInsufficient alveolar ridge width may impede the success of dental implants. Techniques for resolving this problem include autologous bone grafts, guided bone regeneration, bone splitting and bone spreading techniques. Recently, alveolar distraction osteogenesis has become an alternative method for alveolar augmentation. We propose the use of alveolar bone distraction for insufficient alveolar ridge width. A healthy 33‐year‐old female presented with missing teeth to our clinic. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed the alveolar ridge was too narrow for placement of dental implants. Therefore, horizontal distraction osteogenesis of the posterior mandibular ridge was chosen for augmentation. Two months later, two implants were placed. No significant marginal bone resorption was seen around the implants eight years after placement. Our results indicate that horizontal alveolar distraction is recommended to increase ridge width and allow placement of standard dental implants.
Long‐term outcomes of laparoscopic repair of cystocoele
Authors: Bedford Nicholas D. , Seman Elvis I. , O'shea Robert T. , Keirse Marc J.N.C. 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundThere is little information on the effectiveness of laparoscopic techniques for native tissue repair of cystocoele.AimTo assess the long‐term outcome of laparoscopic cystocoele repair.MethodsTwo hundred and twenty‐three women with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse underwent laparoscopic paravaginal repair and treatment of associated conditions. Women were assessed pre‐operatively and postoperatively at 6 weeks, 6 months, 12 months and then annually or biannually with pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POPQ) and subjective assessment at each visit.ResultsMedian follow‐up was 5.2 years (range: 1–12 years) with 140 women (63%) followed for at least 5 years. During follow‐up, 79% of women developed prolapse of at least POPQ stage 2 in one or more compartments and 58% became symptomatic again. Overall, 48% underwent further prolapse surgery, but only 24% of women had an anterior prolapse beyond the hymen. Thirty per cent eventually had a further cystocoele repair.ConclusionLong‐term follow‐up of laparoscopic cystocoele repair shows that cystocoeles are difficult to repair successfully.
Biomedicine, the whiteness of sleep, and the wages of spatiotemporal normativity in the United States
Authors: WOLF‐MEYER MATTHEW 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTThe racialization of individuals in the contemporary United States is increasingly accomplished through institutional actors, including scientists and physicians. As genetic health risks, chronic disease treatments, and pharmaceuticals come to define Americans’ understanding of themselves, a fundamental shift is occurring in the way medicine is practiced and its role in the production of subjectivity. Underlying these changes is an expectation of orderly bodies—of “white” bodies that exemplify social and cultural norms of biology and behavior. Fundamental to U.S. medical ideas of normativity is that the white heteronormative subject is the standard against which disorderly and nonwhite subjects are to be judged. I explore these ideas through the history and contemporary world of sleep: the clinical production and interpretation of related scientific data, advertising use of images of sleep‐disordered patients who have been “cured,” and experiences of nonwhite Americans within mainstream sleep medicine. [biopolitics, critical race theory, science studies, abstraction, normalcy, capacity, desire]
The doctor's political body: Doctor–patient interactions and sociopolitical belonging in Venezuelan state clinics
Authors: COOPER AMY 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTPatients of Venezuelan state clinics ascribe meanings to doctor–patient interactions that reverberate beyond the immediacy of the clinical encounter to shape political subjectivities. They seek not just medical goods and services from clinical interactions but also expressions of recognition, respect, care, and solidarity from doctors. I argue that patients who had long resented what they saw as the Venezuelan state's broken promises to use national oil wealth to provide for its citizens now read its efforts to address sociopolitical inequalities in the bodily dispositions of its medical workers. Combining anthropological approaches to doctor–patient interactions and to medical embodiment, I show how doctors’ embodied practices can render biomedical encounters politically significant for patients, activating or foreclosing a sense of sociopolitical belonging. In doing so, I demonstrate how sociopolitical orders are constructed and challenged through the intimacies of biomedical practice.