bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information, structure et forme dans la pensée de Raymond Ruyer
Authors: Chapouthier Georges 
Published: February 2013

Résumé La conception épistémologique dualiste de Raymond Ruyer, où l’information n’est signifiante que par l’exercice d’une conscience relevant d’une autre dimension, a permis à l’auteur d’échapper à un dogme erroné dans ce domaine : celui qui voulait identifier information, ordre et néguentropie. Même si les conceptions philosophiques des scientifiques d’aujourd’hui, généralement matérialistes et monistes, sont différentes, leurs conséquences rejoignent les positions épistémologiques de Ruyer où information, structure, forme ou évolution des espèces ne peuvent être conçues selon un réductionnisme simpliste.
Constructive Capitalization of Operating Leases in the Hong Kong Fast-Food Industry
Authors: Y. Tai Benjamin 
Published: February 2013

The current study is undertaken to investigate the potential problems resulting from the proposed adoption of a new accounting standard concerning mandatory capitalization of all lease contracts. In 2010, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a joint exposure draft (ED2010/9) on accounting for leases. Under the new standard, lessees are required to capitalize all lease contracts as assets and liabilities. The distinction between operating leases and capital (finance) leases will no longer exist. The long-standing off-balance sheet treatment of operating leases will be prohibited. After the adoption of the proposed standard, companies with significant operating leases are likely to experience an increase in assets, increase in liabilities, and decrease in equity, resulting in the deterioration of their return-on- assets and debt-to-equity ratios. This research examines two large fast-food restaurant chains based in Hong Kong; and through constructive capitalization, demonstrates how the companies’ key financial ratios are negatively impacted if the new standard is implemented. The results indicate that both the return-on-assets and debt-to-equity ratios of the two companies, under various discount rates assumptions, suffer serious deterioration when their operating leases are capitalized.
Tunable Band‐to‐Band Tunneling and Conducting Path Transition in Local‐Control‐Gate Heterostructure Transistor
Authors: Yu Jingyao , Cho Hyeran , Kim Yeonsu , Kim Gyu‐Tae 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTransition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) material‐based heterostructures have exhibited great potential for building advanced architectures in novel logic devices. A local‐control‐gate (LCG) transistor based on MoTe2/MoS2 heterostructure is fabricated and analyzed, illustrating its tunable electrical characteristics and achieving band‐to‐band tunneling (BTBT) enhancement with an improved peak‐to‐valley current ratio (PVCR) value of 3.04. Compared to the basic dual‐gate tunnel field‐effect transistor (TFET) structure, adding LCG at the bottom not only isolates defect‐induced doping effects from the deposition of top gate dielectrics, but also paves the way for broader applications in multivalued logic and artificial intelligence. Aiming to further verify the operating mechanism of conducting path transition and electrical characteristic trends, commercial technology computer‐aided design (TCAD) is systematically employed assisted by density functional theory (DFT). So that the transition of conducting paths in the heterostructure channel including interlayer quantum effects can be visibly demonstrated while applying various voltages to the LCG. In summary, this work highlights the feasibility of a new LCG structure with tunable electrical characteristics and presents DFT‐assisted TCAD simulations for effective verifications.
Perovskite Grown in Gallium Nitride Nanowire Matrix for Stable and High‐Efficiency X‐Ray Detection
Authors: Kim Doyun , Yoo Dongha , Sheehan Chris , Jones Andrew , Williams Darrick , Yi Gyu‐Chul , Tu Qing , Yoo Jinkyoung , Nie Wanyi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh‐quality quasi‐2D perovskites in a GaN nano‐wire matrix are grown to build a 3D hetero‐structure for high‐performance X‐ray sensing. In the 3D hetero‐structure, GaN nano‐wire matrix serves as an n‐type charge collector that can rapidly extract carriers through the bulk film of the perovskite layer. Together with a p‐type top electrode, a p–i–n diode with the 3D hetero‐structure is built, that exhibits a rectified current–voltage characteristic. After analyzing the interface energy alignment, it is found that the fermi levels of the perovskite and GaN are aligned in the dark, and a quasi‐fermi level splits upon illumination, introducing a built‐in electrical field at the interface. As a result, strong photo‐induced current is observed from the diode without an external field. Finally, the 3D diode for X‐ray detection demonstration is used, revealing a sensitivity of 308.9 µC Gyair−1 cm−2 at an exceptionally low applied field of 0.125 V µm−1. The X‐ray‐induced signal from the 3D diode is stable after 155 cycles of X‐ray irradiation under a constant electric field. This demonstration informs a new 3D architecture for high‐performance X‐ray sensing, and it shows that GaN is a robust n‐type interface for perovskite optoelectronic devices.
Unveiling the Nanoarchitectonics of Interfacial Electronic Coupling in Atomically Thin 2D WO3/WSe2 Heterostructure for Sodium‐Ion Storage in Aqueous System
Authors: Shinde Pragati A. , Mahamiya Vikram , Safarkhani Moein , Chodankar Nilesh R. , Ishii Masaki , Ma Renzhi , Ghaferi Amal Al , Shrestha Lok Kumar , Ariga Katsuhiko 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAqueous sodium (Na+) ion storage systems face challenges due to sluggish adsorption and diffusion of Na+ ions with larger size, hindering their potential for stationary applications. This issue is addressed by evolving the interfacial electronic coupling in atomically thin 2D WO3/WSe2 heterostructure for efficient Na+ ion storage. Density functional theory (DFT) analysis elucidates the superior charge storage capability for the WO3/WSe2 heterostructure facilitated by the charge transfer from the WO3 – WSe2 (002). The charge transfer from the W‐5d and O‐2p orbitals of WO3 to the valence W‐5d and Se‐4p orbitals of the WSe2 (002) surface boosts the electronic conductivity. As a result, the WO3/WSe2 electrode demonstrates exceptional Na+ ion storage, with a specific capacitance of 378.1 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, excellent rate capability, and long‐lasting cycling durability. The full cell comprising WO3/WSe2 as the negative and MnSe/MnSe2 as the positive electrode achieved a peak energy density of 82.1 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1873.5 W kg−1, along with high rate capability and long‐cycle durability. Insights gained from this study pave the technique for the rational design and optimization of the interfacial electronic features in 2D heterostructures for next‐generation energy storage devices with enhanced performance and stability.
Quantitative Imaging of Magnesium Biodegradation by 3D X‐Ray Ptychography and Electron Microscopy
Authors: Akhmetshina Tatiana , Schäublin Robin E. , Rich Andrea M. , Berger Leopold , Zeng Peng , Rodriguez‐Fernandez Irene , Phillips Nicholas W. , Löffler Jörg F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMagnesium‐based alloys are excellent materials for temporary medical implants, but understanding and controlling their corrosion performance is crucial. Most nanoscale corrosion studies focus on the surface, providing only 2D information. In contrast, macro‐ and microscale X‐ray tomography offers representative volume information, which is, however, comparatively low in resolution and rather qualitative. Here a new mesoscale approach overcomes these drawbacks and bridges the scale gap by combining 3D measurements using ptychographic X‐ray computed tomography (PXCT) with electron microscopy. This combination allows to observe the corrosion progress non‐destructively in 3D and provides high‐resolution chemical information on the corrosion products. A medical Mg–Zn–Ca alloy is used and compared the same sample in the pristine and corroded states. With PXCT an isotropic resolution of 85 and 123 nm is achieved for the pristine and corroded states respectively, which enables to distinguish nanoscale Mg2Ca precipitates from the matrix. The corroded state in best approximation to the in situ conditions is imaged and reveals the complexity of corrosion products. The results illustrate that the corrosion‐layer is dense and defect‐free, and the corrosion of the material is grain‐orientation sensitive. The developed workflow can advance research on bioactive materials and corrosion‐sensitive functional materials.
Accelerated Degradation of All‐Solid‐State Batteries Induced through Volumetric Occupation of the Carbon Additive in the Solid Electrolyte Domain
Authors: Kim Hyun‐seung , Park Sejin , Kang Sora , Jung Jae Yup , Kim KyungSu , Yu Ji‐Sang , Kim Dong‐Won , Lee Jong‐Won , Sun Yang‐Kook , Cho Woosuk 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe accelerated oxidative degradation observed in all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs), particularly focusing on the argyrodite solid electrolyte in conjunction with Ni‐rich positive electrode surfaces is demonstrated. The formation of oxidative intermediates of the solid electrolyte oxidation process increases the amount of oxidation on the NCM surface with conductive carbon. The introduction of high‐weight‐composition conductive carbon additives results in a reduction of solid electrolytes within the positive electrode and the amount of solid electrolytes retained after formation. Consequently, cells with high concentrations of carbon additives demonstrate a decrease in both the cycle and power performances of ASSBs. The energy density of ASSBs is significantly limited by the fundamental failure mechanism induced by conductive carbon, particularly pronounced in cells with high active material contents. Consequently, this study provides pivotal insights for the design of high‐energy‐density ASSBs with NCM electrodes and high active material contents. To mitigate failure induced by high‐volumetric‐occupied carbon additives, carbon fiber‐type additives are further utilized to interconnect the NCMs by decreasing the occupation of the solid electrolyte domain by carbon. Morphological alteration of the carbon additive significantly improves the electrochemical performance of ASSBs by preventing the deterioration of the electrode structure even after prolonged cycling and suppressing electrolyte degradation.
Continuous‐Wave Organic Raman Microlaser Arrays for Laser Displays
Authors: Liu Xiaolong , Liu Haidi , Zhang Tongjin , Wang Kang , Yao Jiannian , Dong Haiyun , Zhao Yong Sheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicrolaser arrays play important roles in a variety of cutting‐edge photonic applications. Organic Raman gain materials hold great promise to achieve continuous‐wave (c.w.) microlaser arrays toward compact laser displays. However, due to the high degrees of freedom of molecular self‐assembly, current organic microcrystal arrays suffer from random sizes and orientations, which goes against uniform Raman laser emission toward laser displays. Herein, a strongly constrained self‐assembly method is reported to synthesize homogeneous organic microcrystal arrays providing uniform full‐color c.w. Raman laser emission for laser displays. The strongly constrained self‐assembly method enables strict control of molecular self‐assembly, producing homogeneous organic microcrystal arrays. The single‐component microcrystal arrays support c.w. operation and uniform outputs of single‐mode blue, green, and red Raman lasing. The microcrystal Raman laser arrays exhibit excellent color expression and display capabilities. This work lays the foundation for developing c.w. organic microlaser arrays toward laser displays.
Operando Spectroscopic Investigation of the Valence Change Mechanism in La2NiO4+δ ‐Based Memristive Devices
Authors: Khuu Thoai‐Khanh , Koroleva Aleksandra , Moncasi Carlos , Stangl Alexander , Cooper David , Lefèvre Gauthier , Wilhelm Fabrice , Rogalev Andrei , Weber Matthieu , Jiménez Carmen , Burriel Mónica 
Published: July 2024

AbstractValence change memory devices, based on redox reactions and oxygen dynamics, are considered to be one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of non‐volatile memory devices and neuromorphic architectures. Devices based on La2NiO4+δ have demonstrated analog resistive switching behavior, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. To get a profound understanding of the device's behavior, the employment of element‐selective techniques to provide direct information on oxygen migration is of paramount importance. In this work, TiN/La2NiO4+δ/Pt devices are studied using an original operando X‐ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) methodology based on monitoring absorbance intensity changes at a fixed energy position which, in combination with in situ electron energy‐loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements, has provided valuable insights into the resistive switching mechanism. This approach allows to study the formation of the TiNxOy interlayer at the TiN/La2NiO4+δ interface and directly monitor oxygen migration between TiNxOy and La2NiO4+δ. An energy shift of the Ni K‐edge spectra is consistently measured during the device operation as it underwent cycling in both voltage polarities, thus confirming the pivotal role of the valence change mechanism in the resistive switching behavior of these devices. Furthermore, a switching model based on the coexistence of filamentary and interfacial switching is proposed.
Multi‐Effect Coupling Strategy Enables Efficient Charge Excitation and Transfer in Schottky Junction for Direct‐Current Generation
Authors: Yin Xin , Yang Yujue , Tan Di , Yang Qingjun , Lu Jian , Chen Yuejiao , Xu Bingang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmerging tribovoltaic nanogenerator (TVNG) technology, which can capture mechanical energy at dynamic semiconductor interfaces and generate instant direct current (DC) outputs, is considered promising to mitigate growing energy demand. However, the unsatisfactory charge excitation and extraction efficiency limit its electrical output stability and even practicability. Here, a novel strategy is proposed to synergistically modulate charge generation and transfer dynamics by integrating ferroelectric and photovoltaic effect with tribovoltaic effect, and thus a multi‐effect coupled Schottky TVNGs is, for the first time, developed. Research indicates that such coupling mechanism involving ferroelectric polarization, photoexcitation, and triboelectricity can allow TVNGs to jointly collect light and mechanical energy to excite more charges, and meanwhile, incorporation of strong electric fields can also be induced by controlled polarization to assist Schottky junction in modulating separation/extraction efficiencies of these charges. Ultimately, this multi‐effect coupled devices deliver impressive DC output of 7.3 V and 69.8 µA, outperforming similar coupled Schottky junction TVNGs. Besides that, its feasibility for multifunctional sensing and photodetection is also demonstrated. This study proposes an effective strategy for modulating performance while extending its functionality, which can expedite the development and potential application of advanced TVNGs.
Spatially refined salinity hazard analysis in gypsum‐affected irrigated soils
Authors: Brown Ansley J. , Andales Allan A. , Gates Timothy K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe global extent of salt‐affected agricultural land, 20% of which is deemed gypsiferous, results in billions of dollars of annual economic loss, a serious problem deserving of attention. However, the analysis of gypsiferous saline soils, such as in the irrigated Lower Arkansas River Valley (LARV) of Colorado, can result in an inflated estimation of soil salinity when using the traditional soil saturated paste extract electrical conductivity (ECe), leading to inaccurate crop yield loss predictions and misguided decisions for remediation. Sparingly soluble gypsum (CaSO4 2H2O) in these soils dissolves more readily during laboratory preparation of saturated paste extracts because of excess soil water dilution coupled with sample disturbance. We present a pragmatic linear‐regression approach to correct for this phenomenon, calibrated using two adapted methods for correcting ECe on an individual sample basis. The novel approach used electrical conductivity of pore water samples from saline fields to evaluate the accuracy of the correction methods. The approach was applied on soil samples from two surface‐irrigated, saline fields in the LARV, which were mapped using electromagnetic induction data and analysis of covariance linear regression, calibrated for ECe and ECe corrected for excess gypsum dissoultion (ECeg). Average ECeg values are as much as 26% lower than uncorrected ECe in gypsum‐biased portions of the fields. Estimation of corn salinity hazard in these gypsum‐affected areas using ECeg in lieu of ECe in a traditional yield response function generated mean relative yield values that are higher by up to 13 percentage points. We discuss lessons learned and suggest enhancements to the techniques.
A morphological and molecular approach to investigating infectious disease in early medieval Iberia: The necropolis of La Olmeda (Palencia, Spain)
Authors: Coppola Bove L. , Kirkpatrick C. L. , Vigil‐Escalera Guirado A. , Botella López M. C. , Bos K. I. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveHere we investigate infectious diseases that potentially contribute to osteological lesions in individuals from the early medieval necropolis of La Olmeda (6th‐11th c. CE) in North Iberia.Materials and methodsWe studied a minimum number of 268 individuals (33 adult females; 38 adult males, 77 unknown/indeterminate sex; and 120 non‐adults), including articulated and commingled remains. Individuals with differential diagnoses suggesting chronic systemic infectious diseases were sampled and bioinformatically screened for ancient pathogen DNA.ResultsFive non‐adults (and no adults) presented skeletal evidence of chronic systemic infectious disease (1.87% of the population; 4.67% of non‐adults). The preferred diagnoses for these individuals included tuberculosis, brucellosis, and malaria. Ancient DNA fragments assigned to the malaria‐causing pathogen, Plasmodium spp., were identified in three of the five individuals. Observed pathology includes lesions generally consistent with malaria; however, additional lesions in two of the individuals may represent hitherto unknown variation in the skeletal manifestation of this disease or co‐infection with tuberculosis or brucellosis. Additionally, spondylolysis was observed in one individual with skeletal lesions suggestive of infectious disease.ConclusionsThis study sheds light on the pathological landscape in Iberia during a time of great social, demographic, and environmental change. Genetic evidence challenges the hypothesis that malaria was absent from early medieval Iberia and demonstrates the value of combining osteological and archaeogenetic methods. Additionally, all of the preferred infectious diagnoses for the individuals included in this study (malaria, tuberculosis, and brucellosis) could have contributed to the febrile cases described in historical sources from this time.
Regioselektive Oxidative Phenolkupplung durch eine Unspezifische Peroxygenase aus Ständerpilzen
Authors: Platz Lukas , Löhr Nikolai A. , Girkens Max P. , Eisen Frederic , Braun Konstantin , Fessner Nico , Bär Christian , Hüttel Wolfgang , Hoffmeister Dirk , Müller Michael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBioaktive dimere (Prä‐)Anthrachinone sind in der Natur allgegenwärtig und kommen in Bakterien, Pilzen, Insekten und Pflanzen vor. Ihre Biosynthese durch oxidative Phenolkupplung (OPC) wird durch Cytochrom P450‐Enzyme, Peroxidasen oder Laccasen katalysiert. Während die Biokatalyse der OPC in Schimmelpilzen (Ascomycota) bekannt ist, sind die entsprechenden Enzyme in Ständerpilzen (Basidiomycota) noch unbekannt. Hier stellen wir die Biosynthese der Atropisomere Phlegmacin A1 und B1 aus dem Pilz Cortinarius odorifer vor. Die Biosynthese des unsymmetrisch 7,10‘‐homogekuppelten Dihydroanthracenons wurde im Schimmelpilz Aspergillus niger heterolog rekonstruiert. Die Methylierung des Monomers Atrochryson zum 6‐O‐Methylether Torosachryson durch die O‐Methyltransferase CoOMT1 geht der regioselektiven Homokupplung zu Phlegmacin voraus, welche durch das Enzym CoUPO1 katalysiert wird, die zu den als Unspezifische Peroxygenase (UPO) bezeichneten Enzymen Sequenzhomologie zeigt. Unsere Ergebnisse belegen eine noch unbeschriebene UPO‐Reaktion und erweitern damit das biokatalytische Portfolio der OPC über die zuvor bekannten Enzyme hinaus. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Basidiomycota Peroxygenasen nutzen, um Aryle selektiv zu kuppeln, und zwar unabhängig von und konvergent zu jeder anderen Organismengruppe, was die zentrale Rolle der OPC in der Naturstoffchemie unterstreicht.
Real‐time imaging of intracellular deformation dynamics in vibrated adherent cell cultures
Authors: Shiraishi Toshihiko , Sato Katsuya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMechanical vibration has been shown to regulate cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro and in vivo. However, the mechanism of its cellular mechanotransduction remains unclear. Although the measurement of intracellular deformation dynamics under mechanical vibration could reveal more detailed mechanisms, corroborating experimental evidence is lacking due to technical difficulties. In this study, we aimed to propose a real‐time imaging method of intracellular structure deformation dynamics in vibrated adherent cell cultures and investigate whether organelles such as actin filaments connected to a nucleus and the nucleus itself show deformation under horizontal mechanical vibration. The proposed real‐time imaging was achieved by conducting vibration isolation and making design improvements to the experimental setup; using a high‐speed and high‐sensitivity camera with a global shutter; and reducing image blur using a stroboscope technique. Using our system, we successfully produced the first experimental report on the existence of the deformation of organelles connected to a nucleus and the nucleus itself under horizontal mechanical vibration. Furthermore, the intracellular deformation difference between HeLa and MC3T3‐E1 cells measured under horizontal mechanical vibration agrees with the prediction of their intracellular structure based on the mechanical vibration theory. These results provide new findings about the cellular mechanotransduction mechanism under mechanical vibration.