bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomy and Function of the Glenoid Labrum
Authors: Carpio Diego Sánchez , Clarke Juan José , Torres Mauricio , Ortiz José , Simondi Néstor , Calantoni Miguel 
Published: January 2015

Objectives: Take into account two static factors (joint congruence and glenoid labrum) for later comparison with a variant, the resection of the labrum. Methods: We used 10 cadaveric shoulders injected with 10% formalin, we practice macroscopic dissection. Describing glenoid cavity with labrum its dimensions and depth, using digital caliber, then remove the labrum, is measured again the major axis of the articular cavity, depth, and the index with glenohumeral labrum and without the same. Results: : Glenoid cavity: 1.With labrum front-back max 32.78, min 26.09 . Upper- lower max 44.06 min 33.69. Depth max 8.70 min 6.27. 2.Without labrum axs (mm) Front-back max 28,62 min 22,29. Upper-lower max 39,35 min 39,54 Depth max 6.03 min 3,70. Proximal humerus: Head measures (average mm): Front-back max 45,98 min 38,05 upper-lower max 51,56 min 39,83. The results of our comparative study were found variations in the static elements,which were statistically significant for the depth of the glenoid cavity with and without labrum (p: 0,0152) and close to the significance for front-back axis (p: 0,0812). Conclusion: Those measures in the glenoid surface without labrum were of 25.05 mm in average Front- back sense and 34.71 mm in average Upper-lower sense ; L Bigliani refers 25 and 35 mm respectively. We highlight the features of these static elements with their significant variables to be taken into account when planning reconstructive surgeries.
Intra articular knee cycts: diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Zicaro Juan P. , Yacuzzi Carlos H , Paz Matias Costa 
Published: January 2015

Objectives: The goal of this study is to investigate a series of patients diagnosed with symptomatic intraarticular knee cysts and describe the diagnostic algorithm and surgical techniques. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study including 35 patients diagnosed with intraarticular knee cycts who underwent surgical treatment. We excluded patients diagnosed with a mucoid ligament and meniscal cycts. Twenty of the patients were men and 15 women with an average age of 39 years old. All patients underwent anecscional biopsy: 31 arthroscopically and 4 with an open resection. Hydrarthrosis, joint lock and complaints of unspecific pain were present among some of the clinical variations. All of the mentioned cases were diagnosed using MRI imaging and clinical follow up care in order to evaluate suspicion of relapse. Results: In all of the mentioned cases, diagnosis were confirmed through anatomical pathology, with 16 focalized pigmented villonodular synovitis, 5 mucoidcycts, 4 synovial cysts, 1 fibrosis cyst , 6 ACL ganglions, 1 PCL ganglion, 2 ACL post operative fibrosis and 2 Bakers cycts. Of those patients: 34 showed favorable outcome and one patient with a Bakers Cyst presented complications with a relapse 6 months after the inicial surgery. Conclusion: The pre operative MRI is of great importance due to the fact thatcycts can be found in areas that are difficult to access or rarely explored. It is of much importance to investigate these types of pathologies being that an early diagnosis with surgical treatment can lead to favorable results.
Biceps tendinopathy
Authors: Ibáñez Maximiliano , Calvo Ana Belén , Alvarez Victoria , Lepore Salvador , Ibáñez Federico , Reybet Juan Andrés 
Published: January 2015

Introduction: Tenodesis is the preferred technique in the treatment of the long head of the biceps tendon pathology in younger people, athletes, workers, and those wishing to avoid any cosmetic deformity. The aim of our study was to compare a group of patients who underwent all arthroscopic biceps tenodesis with a group of patients who underwent an open subpectoral procedure. A clinical assessment was performed and we also registered the occurrence of complications. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 90 patients with lesions in the long head of the biceps tendon treated at our institution between January 2009 and January 2012. Group A underwent an arthroscopic technique while Group B was treated in an open fashion. Clinical assessment included appropriate scores (ASES, Rowe, Simple Shoulder Test, Constant Murley), and we also evaluated pain with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and personal satisfaction in terms of aesthetics and local pain at the scar. Results: Group A: Rowe 86 points, ASES 81 points, SST 9 points, Constant and Murley 87 points. VAS 2/10. Regarding scars of the portals patients were satisfied. Group B: Rowe 85 points, ASES 82 points, SST 8.5 points, Constant and Murley 85 points. VAS 3/10 (greater at the site of subpectoral approach). Aesthetic concerns about the scar was observed in 4 cases (4 women). Arm deformity (sign of Popeye) was not observed at the latest follow-up. Discussion: No statistical significant differences were found in clinical assessment between both procedures. Arthroscopic tenodesis is technically more challenging and requires an initial longer learning curve in order to perform a successful procedure. Open subpectoral tenodesis despite being a faster and simpler procedure reports discomfort regarding the scar site.
Posterior humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (PHAGL) in anterior shoulder instability
Authors: Vedova Franco Della , Ibáñez Maximiliano , Alvarez Victoria , Lépore Salvador , Sulzle Vanina Ojeda , Galan Hernán , Slullitel Daniel 
Published: January 2015

Introduction: Bankart lesion is the anterior glenohumeral instability most common associated injury. Tears at glenohumeral ligaments can be intra substance or at humeral insertion, this location may be the cause of instability. Posterior humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (PHAGL) can be an isolated or associated cause of instability and it is usually related to the posterior glenohumeral instability. The aim of this article is to report the clinical assessment and postoperative outcomes of 6 patients with PHAGL with anterior shoulder instability. Materials and Methods: We evaluated six patients with PHAGL due to anterior glenohumeral instability arthroscopically repaired. All 6 patients developed the lesion after a sports-related trauma. Sixty six per cent of patients had associated intra-articular shoulder pathologies. The diagnosis with MRI arthrogram (with gadolinium) was performed preoperatively in 50% of patients. Postoperative evaluation was made with Rowe, ASES and WOSI scores. Results: All patients returned to their previous sports level. One patient had a recurrence. Postoperative scores results are WOSI: 13.13%, Rowe 83.33 and ASES 95.83. Discussion: Humeral avulsions of glenohumeral ligaments represent 25% of capsulolabral injuries. PHAGL injury was initially described as a cause of posterior instability, but according to two other series, our study shows that this lesion may also cause anterior instability. It is critical to have a high index of suspicion and make a correct arthroscopic examination to diagnose this injury, because arthroscopic repair of PHAGL has good postoperative outcomes.
Prevalence of cam-type deformities of the hip in asymptomatic adults
Authors: Vilaseca Tomás , Orlowski María Belén , Chahla Jorge , Rodriguez Gustavo Gomez , Arroquy Damián , Herrera Gonzalo Perez , Carboni Martín 
Published: January 2015

Objectives: The prevalence of asymptomatic femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is unknown in the general population. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of cam-type deformities in asymptomatic persons. Methods: We evaluated 84 volunteers without symptoms of FAI, which underwent a lateral radiograph of both hips. To determine the presence of cam type deformities, α-angle measurement was used. An α-angle > 50 ° indicates the presence of cam type deformity. Results: The average age was 28.7 years, with 18 females and 66 males. Of the 84 volunteers, 16 (19%) had an α-angle> 50 °, while the remaining 68 patients had α-angle <50 °. We found the presence of a cam- type deformity in 22.7% of males and 5.5% of women. Conclusion: Our results are consistent with the literature reviewed, finding a prevalence of 13.9 to 24.7% in men and in women 4-5.5% according to different authors. The high frequency of cam-type deformities in asymptomatic patients suggests that a high α-angle itself not only ensures the presence of symptoms or progression to osteoarthritis. Therefore, we hold that this finding should be complemented by physical examination, clinical symptoms and other imaging signs when taking decisions regarding the therapeutic management.
Worth replacing a loss of medial meniscal tissue with a polyurethane substitute (Actifit®) when performing a valgus tibial osteotomy addition
Authors: Gelber Pablo E. , Isart Anna , Erquicia Juan I. , Tey Marc , Pelfort Xavier , Abat Ferran , Monllau Juan Carlos 
Published: January 2015

Introduction: The addition tibial valgus osteotomy (ovat) is a common treatment of symptomatic genu varus. This frequently is accompanied by considerable loss of medial meniscal tissue. The aim was to evaluate, in the context of performing a ovat, restoring the functional impact of this lack of medial meniscal tissue with Actifit® compared with the simple meniscectomy. Material and Methods: Sixty patients with symptomatic genu varo operated with ovat were studied prospectively. In 30 patients we have left a medial meniscal defect> 25 mm (M) and in 30 a medial Actifit® was implanted(A). The evaluations were performed using Womet, IKDC, Kujala, EVA and satisfaction (0-4). Results: Both groups were statistically comparable preoperatively, including follow-up time (31.2 months; range, 24-47.5; p = 0.35). 53.4 ± 8.4 Womet improved and 42.4 ± 17.2 points in M and A (p = 0.002), improved IKDC 56.7 ± 12 and 50.3 ± 15.6 points in M and A (p = 0.107), 50.4 ± 14.7 Kujala improved to 38.9 ± 21.6 points M and A (p = 0.02) and VAS decreased 6.9 ± 2.1 and 4.7 ± 2.8 points in M and A (p = 0.006). The satisfaction was 3.3 ± 0.8 and 3.3 ± 1 in M and A (p = 0.84). Conclusions: The symptomatic genu varus treated with OVAT associated to medial meniscectomy led, compared to when it was associated with the implantation of a medial Actifit®, to a marked improvement in most of the scales tested. There was no difference in the degree of satisfaction. Based on short-term results of this study, restitution replacement with polyurethane substitute can not be recommended to perform a ovat.
Efficacy, Indications and Limitations of Hallux Arthroscopy
Authors: Batista Jorge , Maestu Rodrigo , Logioco Lucas , Roncolato Diego , Patthauer Luciano , Godoy Gerardo 
Published: January 2015

Objective: First metatarsophalangeal joint arthroscopy is a realative new technique including particulars as sinovitis, osteochondral lesions, incipient degenerative arthropathies and loose bodies. The aim of this study was to define the indications, effectiveness and limitations of this procedure. Material and Method: 16 patients were operated. The procedure was carried out through three dorsomedial, dorsolateral and medial portals. Indications were osteochondral lesions of the metatarsal head (N=8), osteochondral lesion of the proximal phalanx of the hallux (N=1), loose bodies (N=1), sinovitis (N=2) and early degenerative joint disease with dorsal osteophytosis of the first metatarsal head (N=4). Results: Monitoring of the patients was a minimum of two years. The clinical and radiological assesment were performed by the same team of surgeons. 87,5% of patients had complete remission of the symptomatology five months after surgery (N=14). Good functional but not complete remission of the symptomatology outcomes were detected in a patient with hallux rigidus (HR) Gl and another patient with (HR) Gll. There were no complications with this technique. Discussion: In osteochondral lesions, loose bodies and sinovitis, hallux arthroscopy has good outcomes without complications; but minor findings in patients with arthrosis degenerative changes and osteophytes (Hallux Rigidus). These patients requiere other tecniques such cheilectomy, osteotomies and arthrodesis in degenerative extensive injuries.
Uranium and technetium interactions with wüstite [Fe1–xO] and portlandite [Ca(OH)2] surfaces under geological disposal facility conditions
Authors: Van Veelen A. , Preedy O. , Qi J. , Law G. T. W. , Morris K. , Mosselmans J. F. W. , Ryan M. P. , Evans N. D. M. , Wogelius R. A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIron oxides resulting from the corrosion of large quantities of steel that are planned to be installed throughout a deep geological disposal facility (GDF) are expected to be one of the key surfaces of interest for controlling radionuclide behaviour under disposal conditions. Over the lengthy timescales associated with a GDF, the system is expected to become anoxic so that reduced Fe(II) phases will dominate. Batch experiments have therefore been completed in order to investigate how a model reduced Fe-oxide surface (wüstite, Fe1–xO) alters as a function of exposure to aqueous solutions with compositions representative of conditions expected within a GDF. Additional experiments were performed to constrain the effect that highly alkaline solutions (up to pH 13) have on the adsorption behaviour of the uranyl (UO22+) ion onto the surfaces of both wüstite and portlandite [Ca(OH)2; representative of the expected cementitious phases]. Surface co-ordination chemistry and speciation were determined byex situX-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements (both X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis (EXAFS)). Diffraction, elemental analysis and XANES showed that the bulk solid composition and Fe oxidation state remained relatively unaltered over the time frame of these experiments (120 h), although under alkaline conditions possible surface hydroxylation is observed, due presumably to the formation of surface hydroxyl complexes. The surface morphology, however, is altered significantly with a large degree of roughening and an observed decrease in the average particle size. Reduction of U(VI) to U(IV) occurs during adsorption in almost all cases and this is interpreted to indicate that wüstite may be an effective reductant of U during surface adsorption. This work also shows that increasing the carbonate concentration in reactant solutions dramatically decreases the adsorption coefficients for U on both wüstite and portlandite, consistent with U speciation and surface reactivity determined in other studies. Finally, the EXAFS results include new details about exactly how U bonds to this metal oxide surface.
EpCAM aptamer mediated cancer cell specific delivery of EpCAM siRNA using polymeric nanocomplex
Authors: Subramanian Nithya , Kanwar Jagat R , Athalya Prasanna kumar , Janakiraman Narayanan , Khetan Vikas , Kanwar Rupinder K , Eluchuri Sailaja , Krishnakumar Subramanian 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

Background
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is overexpressed in solid tumors and regarded as a putative cancer stem cell marker. Here, we report that employing EpCAM aptamer (EpApt) and EpCAM siRNA (SiEp) dual approach, for the targeted delivery of siRNA to EpCAM positive cancer cells, efficiently inhibits cancer cell proliferation.

Results
Targeted delivery of siRNA using polyethyleneimine is one of the efficient methods for gene delivery, and thus, we developed a novel aptamer-PEI-siRNA nanocomplex for EpCAM targeting. PEI nanocomplex synthesized with EpCAM aptamer (EpApt) and EpCAM siRNA (SiEp) showed 198 nm diameter sized particles by dynamic light scattering, spherical shaped particles, of 151 ± 11 nm size by TEM. The surface charge of the nanoparticles was −30.0 mV using zeta potential measurements. Gel retardation assay confirmed the PEI-EpApt-SiEp nanoparticles formation. The difference in size observed by DLS and TEM could be due to coating of aptamer and siRNA on PEI nanocore. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that PEI-EpApt-SiEp has superior binding to cancer cells compared to EpApt or scramble aptamer (ScrApt) or PEI-ScrApt-SiEp. PEI-EpApt-SiEp downregulated EpCAM and inhibited selectively the cell proliferation of MCF-7 and WERI-Rb1 cells.

Conclusions
The PEI nanocomplex fabricated with EpApt and siEp was able to target EpCAM tumor cells, deliver the siRNA and silence the target gene. This nanocomplex exhibited decreased cell proliferation than the scrambled aptamer loaded nanocomplex in the EpCAM expressing cancer cells and may have potential for EpCAM targeting in vivo.
Prevalence of Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease in Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors Exposed to Both Adjuvant Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy
Authors: Koppelmans Vincent , Vernooij Meike W. , Boogerd Willem , Seynaeve Caroline , Ikram M. Arfan , Breteler Monique M.B. , Schagen Sanne B. 
Published: January 2015

Purpose Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy for breast cancer have been related to transient ischemic attacks and stroke. To date, no studies have investigated the relationship between these adjuvant therapies and subclinical cerebral small-vessel disease in survivors of breast cancer. We compared white matter lesion (WML) volume and prevalence of brain infarctions and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) between breast cancer survivors exposed to adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy (aRCeBCSs) for primary disease and a population-based reference group. Patients and Methods Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (1.5 T) was performed in 187 aRCeBCSs who received primary breast cancer treatment on average more than 20 years before this study and 374 age-matched reference women without a history of cancer. WML volume was segmented using fully automated software. Experienced raters reviewed all scans for cortical infarctions, lacunar infarctions, strictly lobar CMBs, and deep/infratentorial CMBs with or without lobar CMBs. Within the aRCeBCS group, we also analyzed the association between relative radiotherapy exposure to the carotid artery and prevalence of WML volume and CMBs. Results The aRCeBCS group had a higher prevalence of both total CMBs and CMBs in a deep/infratentorial region than the reference group. No between-group differences were observed in the prevalence of infarctions or WML volume. Exposure of the carotid artery to radiation was not associated with WML volume or CMBs. Conclusion More CMBs were found in the aRCeBCS group than in the population-based controls. These vascular lesions potentially mark cerebrovascular frailty that could partially explain the well-documented association between chemotherapy and cognitive dysfunction. No support was found for a radiotherapy-related origin of CMBs.
Improving Selection Criteria for Early Cystectomy in High-Grade T1 Bladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of 15,215 Patients
Authors: Martin-Doyle William , Leow Jeffrey J. , Orsola Anna , Chang Steven L. , Bellmunt Joaquim 
Published: January 2015

Purpose High-grade T1 (HGT1) bladder cancer is the highest risk subtype of non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer, with highly variable prognosis, poorly understood risk factors, and considerable debate about the role of early cystectomy. We aimed to address these questions through a meta-analysis of outcomes and prognostic factors. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and American Society of Clinical Oncology abstracts were searched for cohort studies in HGT1. We pooled data on recurrence, progression, and cancer-specific survival from 73 studies. Results Five-year rates of recurrence, progression, and cancer-specific survival were 42% (95% CI, 39% to 45%), 21% (95% CI, 18% to 23%), and 87% (95% CI, 85% to 89%), respectively (56 studies, n = 15,215). In the prognostic factor meta-analysis (33 studies, n = 8,880), the highest impact risk factor was depth of invasion (T1b/c) into lamina propria (progression: hazard ratio [HR], 3.34; P < .001; cancer-specific survival: HR, 2.02; P = .001). Several other previously proposed factors also predicted progression and cancer-specific survival (lymphovascular invasion, associated carcinoma in situ, nonuse of bacillus Calmette-Guérin, tumor size > 3 cm, and older age; HRs for progression between 1.32 and 2.88, P ≤ .002; HRs for cancer-specific survival between 1.28 and 2.08, P ≤ .02). Conclusion In this large analysis of outcomes and prognostic factors in HGT1 bladder cancer, deep lamina propria invasion had the largest negative impact, and other previously proposed prognostic factors were also confirmed. These factors should be used for prognostication and patient stratification in future clinical trials, and depth of invasion should be considered for inclusion in TNM staging criteria. This meta-analysis can also help define selection criteria for early cystectomy in HGT1 bladder cancer, particularly for patients with deep lamina propria invasion combined with other risk factors.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage and Lung Biopsy in Patients With Cancer and Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chellapandian DeepakBabu , Lehrnbecher Thomas , Phillips Bob , Fisher Brian T. , Zaoutis Theoklis E. , Steinbach William J. , Beyene Joseph , Sung Lillian 
Published: January 2015

PurposeThe objective of this study was to describe the diagnostic yield and complication rate of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung biopsy in the evaluation of pulmonary lesions in patients with cancer and recipients of hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT).MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature review and performed electronic searches of Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Studies were included if patients had cancer or were recipients of HSCT, and if they underwent BAL or lung biopsy for the evaluation of pulmonary lesions. Only English language publications were included.ResultsIn all, 14,148 studies were screened; 72 studies of BAL and 31 of lung biopsy were included. The proportion of procedures leading to any diagnosis was similar by procedure type (0.53 v 0.54; P = .94) but an infectious diagnosis was more common with BAL compared with lung biopsy (0.49 v 0.34; P < .001). Lung biopsy more commonly led to a noninfectious diagnosis (0.43 v 0.07; P < .001) and was more likely to change how the patient was managed (0.48 v 0.31; P = .002) compared with BAL. However, complications were more common with lung biopsy (0.15 v 0.08; P = .006), and procedure-related mortality was four-fold higher for lung biopsy (0.0078) compared with BAL (0.0018).ConclusionBAL may be the preferred diagnostic modality for the evaluation of potentially infectious pulmonary lesions because of lower complication and mortality rates; thus, choice of procedure depends on clinical suspicion of infection. Guidelines to promote consistency in the approach to the evaluation of lung infiltrates may improve clinical care of patients.
Deciding on the Decision Situation to Analyze: The Critical First Step of a Decision Analysis
Authors: Ley-Borrás Roberto 
Published: January 2015

Using the right decision frame, in the sense of selecting the right decision situation to analyze, is regarded as a critical part of a decision analysis effort, but there are few guidelines on how to systematically generate alternative decision situations and how to select the best one. In practice, the decision situation is typically not explicitly selected, or even well defined, which easily leads to deciding about treating symptoms instead of underlying causes; to deciding with a narrow scope that misses important elements; and, in general, to missing the opportunity of analyzing valuable alternative decision situations. This paper presents several distinctions and three approaches for generating significantly different decision situations and selecting the one that is best for the decision maker’s current priorities and circumstances. A key element of this work is treating the selection of the decision situation as a decision in its own right and using decision analysis tools to generate a rich set of alternative decision situations and gain clarity on which element of the set is most valuable to analyze.