bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A knowledge-integration framework for interpreting seismic facies
Authors: Marroquín Iván D. 
Published: January 2014

In recent years, the size of seismic data volumes and the number of seismic attributes available have increased. As a result, the task of recognizing seismic anomalies for the prediction of stratigraphic features or reservoir properties can be overwhelming. One way to evaluate a large amount of data and understand potential geologic trends is to automate seismic facies classification. However, the interpretation of seismic facies remains an elusive issue. Interpreters are confronted with the selection of the clustering technique and the optimal number of seismic facies that best uncover the spatial distribution of seismic facies. An interpretation framework combining data visualization with the results from various clustering techniques was evaluated. The framework allows interpreters to be directly involved in the seismic facies classification process. Because of the active participation, interpreters (1) gain insight into the detected seismic facies, (2) verify hypotheses with respect to the spatial distribution of seismic facies, (3) compare different seismic facies classification, and (4) gain more confidence with the seismic facies interpretation.
Autonomous and Continuous Adaptation of a Bihormonal Bionic Pancreas in Adults and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: El-Khatib Firas H. , Russell Steven J. , Magyar Kendra L. , Sinha Manasi , McKeon Katherine , Nathan David M. , Damiano Edward R. 
Published: January 2014

Context:
A challenge for automated glycemic control in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the large variation in insulin needs between individuals and within individuals at different times in their lives.

Objectives:
The objectives of the study was to test the ability of a third-generation bihormonal bionic pancreas algorithm, initialized with only subject weight; to adapt automatically to the different insulin needs of adults and adolescents; and to evaluate the impact of optional, automatically adaptive meal-priming boluses.

Design:
This was a randomized controlled trial.

Setting:
The study was conducted at an inpatient clinical research center.

Patients:
Twelve adults and 12 adolescents with T1D participated in the study.

Interventions:
Subjects in each age group were randomized to automated glycemic control for 48 hours with or without automatically adaptive meal-priming boluses.

Main Outcome Measures:
Mean plasma glucose (PG), time with PG less than 60 mg/dL, and insulin total daily dose were measured.

Results:
The 48-hour mean PG values with and without adaptive meal-priming boluses were 132 ± 9 vs 146 ± 9 mg/dL (P = .03) in adults and 162 ± 6 vs 175 ± 9 mg/dL (P = .01) in adolescents. Adaptive meal-priming boluses improved mean PG without increasing time spent with PG less than 60 mg/dL: 1.4% vs 2.3% (P = .6) in adults and 0.1% vs 0.1% (P = 1.0) in adolescents. Large increases in adaptive meal-priming boluses and shifts in the timing and size of automatic insulin doses occurred in adolescents. Much less adaptation occurred in adults. There was nearly a 4-fold variation in the total daily insulin dose across all cohorts (0.36–1.41 U/kg · d).

Conclusions:
A single control algorithm, initialized only with subject weight, can quickly adapt to regulate glycemia in patients with TID and highly variable insulin requirements.
Subcutaneous preconditioning increases invasion and metastatic dissemination in colorectal cancer models
Authors: Alamo Patricia , Gallardo Alberto , Pavón Miguel Angel , Casanova Isolda , Trias Manuel , Mangues Maria Antonia , Vázquez Esther , Villaverde Antoni , Mangues Ramon , Céspedes Maria Virtudes 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
MMouse colorectal cancer (CRC) models generated by orthotopic microinjection of human CRC cell lines reproduce the pattern of lymphatic, hematological and transceolomic spread but generate low metastatic efficiency. Our aim was to develop a new strategy that could increase the metastatic efficiency of these models. We used subcutaneous implantation of the human CRC cell lines HCT116 and SW48 prior to their orthotopic microinjection in the cecum of nude mice (SC+ORT). This subcutaneous preconditioning significantly enhanced metastasic dissemination. In the HCT116 model it increased the number and size of metastatic foci in lymph nodes, lung and liver, whereas in the SW48 model it induced a shift from non-metastatic to metastatic. In both models the number of apoptotic bodies in the primary tumor in the SC+ORT group was significantly reduced compared to the direct orthotopic injection (ORT group). Moreover, in HCT116 tumors the number of keratin-positive tumour buddings and single epithelial cells increased at the invasion front in SC+ORT mice. In the SW48 tumor model, we observed a trend towards a higher number of tumor buds and single cells in the SC+ORT group but this did not reach statistical significance. At a molecular level, the enhanced metastatic efficiency observed in the HCT116 SC+ORT model was associated with an increase in AKT activation, VEGF-A overexpression and downregulation of β1 integrin in primary tumour tissue, whereas in SW48 SC+ORT mice the level of expression of these proteins remained unchanged. In summary, subcutaneous preconditioning increased the metastatic dissemination of both orthotopic CRC models by increasing tumor cell survival and invasion at the tumor invasion front. This approach could be useful to simultaneously study the mechanisms of metastases and to evaluate antimetastatic drugs against CRC.
Valuations and surface area measures
Authors: Haberl Christoph , Parapatits Lukas 
Published: January 2014

Abstract.

We consider valuations defined on polytopes containing the origin which have measures on the sphere as values.
We show that the classical surface area measure is essentially the only such valuation which is

SL
(
n
)

$\operatorname{SL}(n)$

contravariant of degree one.
Moreover, for all real p, an Lp
version of the above result is established for

GL
(
n
)

$\operatorname{GL}(n)$

contravariant valuations of degree p.
This provides a characterization of the Lp
surface area measures from the Lp
Brunn–Minkowski theory.
Properties of young Araucaria heterophylla (Norfolk Island pine) reaction and normal wood
Authors: Sharma Monika , Altaner Clemens Michael 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Young Araucaria heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco seedlings have been grown tilted to obtain compression wood (CW), opposite wood (OW), and normal wood (NW). Mechanical and anatomical properties of these wood tissues have been assessed. CW had characteristics associated with low severity. OW and NW did not differ significantly in their properties and were found to have a considerably lower microfibril angle and higher modulus of elasticity than those of juvenile corewood of Pinus radiata D. Don.
A conceptual framework for early adolescence: a platform for research
Authors: Blum Robert W. , Astone Nan Marie , Decker Michele R. , Mouli Venkatraman Chandra 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Early adolescence (ages 10–14 years) is among the most neglected stages of development, yet there are few stages during the life course where changes are as dramatic. The present conceptual framework proposes four central goals to be achieved by early adolescence: engagement with learning, emotional and physical safety, positive sense of self/self-efficacy, acquisition of life/decision-making skills. The framework proposes an ecological model where the macro level factors (economic forces, historical events, national priorities, laws/policies/norms and values, national events, and political realities) all set the contexts that influence community, family, school and peer factors that all in turn influence the adolescent. Existing indicators for points of development are noted as are future areas of research priority.
Automatic Measurement of Yarn Crimp Using Image Analysis
Authors: Oh Sunhyung , Lee Moo Sung , Kim Sungmin 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Automatic crimp measurement system hardware and software have been developed. To measure the crimp of a relatively long yarn specimen under zero tension, a precise linear stage was used along with a high-definition digital microscope. Because of the narrow viewing angle of the microscope, a series of images were captured while the specimen plate was moved. The whole system was built into an opaque enclosure with internal illumination devices to prevent irregular external lighting effects. The relationship between image and world coordinates was established via automatic camera calibration. The shape of the yarn crimp was extracted via a series of image processing techniques, and quantitative information on yarn crimp, such as the crimp ratio and average crimp pitch, was calculated through Fourier series expansion and statistical analysis.
Gender adaptation in loan layers of Romani
Authors: Boretzky Norbert 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyze how Romani has integrated nouns borrowed from various languages during its history with regard to grammatical gender. First the gender system of Romani is characterized in contrast to the European languages it was in contact with, and which were the most important changes Romani underwent concerning gender marking. In the following sections, the assignment of gender to various loan layers is discussed, pre-European (Iranian and Armenian), Greek, Slavic, Romanian, Hungarian, and German, among them non-gender, three-gender and two-gender languages. Greek appears to have had the most profound influence on Romani gender morphology. Concerning Romani Mixed dialects, attention is payed to the changes that took place in the inherited, Indic, layer.
Activated Protein C Inhibits Proliferation and Tumor Necrosis Factor α-Stimulated Activation of p38, c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase (JNK) and Akt in Rheumatoid Synovial Fibroblasts
Authors: Julovi Sohel M. , Shen Kaitlin , McKelvey Kelly , Minhas Nikita , March Lyn , Jackson Christopher J. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractSynovial fibroblast proliferation Is a hallmark of the Invasive pannus in the rheumatoid joint. Activated protein C (APC) is a natural anticoagulant that exerts antiinflammatory and cyto-protective effects in various diseases via endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) and proteinase-activated receptor (PAR)-mediated pathways. In this study, we investigated the effect and the underlying cellular signaling mechanisms of APC on proliferation of human rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts (RSFs). We found that APC stimulated proliferation of mouse dermal fibroblasts (MDFs) and normal human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) by up to 60%, but robustly downregulated proliferation of RSFs. APC induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) and enhanced expression of p21 and p27 in a dose-dependent manner in RSFs. The latter effect was inhibited by pretreatment with the ERK inhibitors PD98059 and U0126 but not by p38 inhibitor SB203580. In addition, APC significantly downregulated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α-stimulated cell proliferation and activation of p38, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and Akt in RSFs. These results provide the first evidence that APC selectively inhibits proliferation and the inflammatory signaling pathways of RSFs. Thus, APC may reduce synovial hyperplasia and pannus invasion in rheumatoid arthritis.
Midkine Is Expressed and Differentially Processed during Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Associated with Staphylococcus aureus Infection
Authors: Linge Helena M. , Andersson Cecilia , Nordin Sara L. , Olin Anders I. , Petersson Ann-Cathrine , Mörgelin Matthias , Welin Amanda , Bylund Johan , Bjermer Leif , Erjefält Jonas , Egesten Arne 
Published: January 2014

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus is sometimes isolated from the airways during acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but more commonly recognized as a cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Antimicrobial proteins, among them midkine (MK), are an important part of innate immunity in the airways. In this study, the levels and possible processing of MK in relation to S. aureus infection of the airways were investigated, comparing COPD and VAP, thus comparing a state of disease with preceding chronic inflammation and remodeling (COPD) with acute inflammation (that is, VAP). MK was detected in the small airways and alveoli of COPD lung tissue but less so in normal lung tissue. MK at below micromolar concentrations killed S. aureus in vitro. Proteolytic processing of MK by the staphylococcal metalloprotease aureolysin (AL), but not cysteine protease staphopain A (SA), resulted in impaired bactericidal activity. Degradation was seen foremost in the COOH-terminal portion of the molecule that harbors high bactericidal activity. In addition, MK was detected in sputum from patients suffering from VAP caused by S. aureus but less so in sputum from COPD exacerbations associated with the same bacterium. Recombinant MK was degraded more rapidly in sputum from the COPD patients than from the VAP patients and a greater proteolytic activity in COPD sputum was confirmed by zymography. Taken together, proteases of both bacteria and the host contribute to degradation of the antibacterial protein MK, resulting in an impaired defense of the airways, in particular, in COPD where the state of chronic inflammation could be of importance.
Evaluation of the Antitumor Activity of Dacomitinib in Models of Human Bladder Cancer
Authors: Grivas Petros D. , Day Kathleen C. , Karatsinides Andreas , Paul Alyssa , Shakir Nazia , Owainati Iya , Liebert Monica , Kunju Lakshmi P. , Thomas Dafydd , Hussain Maha , Day Mark L. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractMembers of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family play a significant role in bladder cancer progression and may underlie the development of chemotherapy resistance. Dacomitinib is an irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor with structural specificity for the catalytic domains of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2 and HER4 that has exhibited vigorous efficacy against other solid tumors. We evaluated the antitumor activity of dacomitinib in human bladder cancer cell lines expressing varying levels of HER family receptors. These cell lines also were established as bladder cancer xenografts in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice to assess dacomitinib activity in vivo. Significant cytotoxic and cytostatic effects were noted in cells expressing elevated levels of the dacomitinib target receptors with apoptosis and cell cycle arrest being the predominant mechanisms of antitumor activity Cells expressing lower levels of HER receptors were much less sensitive to dacomitinib. Interestingly, dacomitinib was more active than either trastuzumab or cetuximab in vitro, and exhibited increased growth inhibition of bladder tumor xenografts compared with lapatinib. Pharmacodynamic effects of dacomitinib included decreased E-cadherin (E-cad) expression, reduction of EGFR and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and reduced mitotic count. Dacomitinib also inhibited tumor growth in a chemotherapy-resistant xenograft and, when combined with chemotherapy in a sensitive xenograft, exhibited superior antitumor effects compared with individual treatments. Evaluation in xenograft-bearing mice revealed that this combination was broadly feasible and well tolerated. In conclusion, dacomitinib exhibited pronounced activity both as a single agent and when combined with chemotherapy in human bladder cancer models. Further investigation of dacomitinib in the preclinical and clinical trial settings is being pursued.
Effects of Erythropoietin in Murine-Induced Pluripotent Cell-Derived Panneural Progenitor Cells
Authors: Offen Nils , Flemming Johannes , Kamawal Hares , Ahmad Ruhel , Wolber Wanja , Geis Christian , Zaehres Holm , Schöler Hans R. , Ehrenreich Hannelore , Müller Albrecht M. , Sirén Anna-Leena 
Published: January 2014

AbstractInduced cell fate changes by reprogramming of somatic cells offers an efficient strategy to generate autologous pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from any adult cell type. The potential of iPS cells to differentiate into various cell types is well established, however the efficiency to produce functional neurons from iPS cells remains modest. Here, we generated panneural progenitor cells (pNPCs) from mouse iPS cells and investigated the effect of the neurotrophic growth factor erythropoietin (EPO) on their survival, proliferation and neurodifferentiation. Under neural differentiation conditions, iPS-derived pNPCs gave rise to microtubule-associated protein-2 positive neuronlike cells (34% to 43%) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor positive oligodendrocytelike cells (21% to 25%) while less than 1% of the cells expressed the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein. Neuronlike cells generated action potentials and developed active presynaptic terminals. The pNPCs expressed EPO receptor (EPOR) mRNA and displayed functional EPOR signaling. In proliferating cultures, EPO (0.1–3 U/mL) slightly improved pNPC survival but reduced cell proliferation and neurosphere formation in a concentration-dependent manner. In differentiating cultures EPO facilitated neurodifferentiation as assessed by the increased number of γ-III-tubulin positive neurons. Our results show that EPO inhibits iPS pNPC self-renewal and promotes neurogenesis.
Path-wise versus kinetic modeling for equilibrating non-Langevin jump-type processes
Authors: Żaba Mariusz , Garbaczewski Piotr , Stephanovich Vladimir 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
We discuss two independent methods of solution of a master equation whose biased jump transition rates account for long jumps of Lévy-stable type and admit a Boltzmannian (thermal) equilibrium to arise in the large time asymptotics of a probability density function ρ(x, t). Our main goal is to demonstrate a compatibility of a direct solution method (an explicit, albeit numerically assisted, integration of the master equation) with an indirect pathwise procedure, recently proposed in [Physica A 392, 3485, (2013)] as a valid tool for a dynamical analysis of non-Langevin jump-type processes. The path-wise method heavily relies on an accumulation of large sample path data, that are generated by means of a properly tailored Gillespie’s algorithm. Their statistical analysis in turn allows to infer the dynamics of ρ(x, t). However, no consistency check has been completed so far to demonstrate that both methods are fully compatible and indeed provide a solution of the same dynamical problem. Presently we remove this gap, with a focus on potential deficiencies (various cutoffs, including those upon the jump size) of approximations involved in simulation routines and solutions protocols.
The Lorenz model for single-mode homogeneously broadened laser: analytical determination of the unpredictable zone
Authors: Ayadi Samia , Haeberlé Olivier 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
We have applied harmonic expansion to derive an analytical solution for the Lorenz-Haken equations. This method is used to describe the regular and periodic self-pulsing regime of the single mode homogeneously broadened laser. These periodic solutions emerge when the ratio of the population decay rate ℘ is smaller than 0:11. We have also demonstrated the tendency of the Lorenz-Haken dissipative system to behave periodic for a characteristic pumping rate “2C
P”[7], close to the second laser threshold “2C
2th
”(threshold of instability). When the pumping parameter “2C” increases, the laser undergoes a period doubling sequence. This cascade of period doubling leads towards chaos. We study this type of solutions and indicate the zone of the control parameters for which the system undergoes irregular pulsing solutions. We had previously applied this analytical procedure to derive the amplitude of the first, third and fifth order harmonics for the laser-field expansion [7, 17]. In this work, we extend this method in the aim of obtaining the higher harmonics. We show that this iterative method is indeed limited to the fifth order, and that above, the obtained analytical solution diverges from the numerical direct resolution of the equations.
Empty Nest- Mirrored in a growing mind: A Case Report
Authors: Shakya DR 
Published: January 2014

We report a case of ‘depression’ with ‘empty nest syndrome’ to highlight the importance of parents for psychic development and of family support for effective management of psychiatric disorder. A 21-year-old lady presented with history of feeling lonely for 2-years, sadness 1 year; and insomnia and death wishes 3 months. She was staying in her home-town with uncle as both parents went abroad 8 years back. She started missing her parents when she had frequent pain abdomen in last 3 years, she could not succeed in examination and friends were away from her. As her uncle and aunt were also busy preparing for abroad work, she increasingly felt lonely and empty in last 2 years. With growing loneliness, she felt sad and worried. She reported losing interest, feeling weaker and having ruminating thoughts in last year. In between, she met a boy-friend whom she found supportive; but soon, she started worrying that her parents might not agree to this relationship. In distress, she slashed her wrists. Because of her condition, her parents started visa process, which eased for some time. Despite of visa progress, she could not sleep due to worrying thoughts. She expressed suicidal thoughts many times. And, her relatives brought her for psychiatry consultation, though reluctantly. With diagnosis of ‘depressive episode’, she was put on supervised Mirtazapine and Lorazepam. She was also provided psychotherapy which focused on coping and problem solving strategies addressing her ‘empty nest syndrome’, and family members were advised ‘suicide-precaution’. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v2i2.9726 J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol.2, No.2, 2013 43-45