bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-Action Publishing – What can smaller publishing houses bring to scholarly communications?
Authors: Sutton Caroline 
Published: December 2014

In addition to Open Access, a recent trend within the publishing industry is the emergence of mega journals and large scale operations in order to take advantage of economies of scale to reduce open access charges and to reduce processing times. The current climate begs the question: Can small, independent publishers survive in the future? Founded in 2007 as one of the first publishing houses to join the efforts of pioneers like PLoS, BioMed Central and Hindawi, Co-Action Publishing has chosen a different path and remained true to its strategy to provide tailored open access solutions. The founders have no ambitions to become one of the largest publishing houses. In this short presentation, I will discuss the role that can be played by smaller publishing houses and the challenges they face within the current marketplace.
A golden era for Open Access or a trend towards the golden road to Open Access?
Authors: Pieper Dirk 
Published: December 2014

When looking at the „Dramatic Growth of Open Access“[1] it seems that we live in a golden era for Open Access (OA). From a library point of view one could notice a trend to the golden road to OA. The German Research Foundation (DFG) started the support programme „Open Access Publishing“[2] in 2010 with the overall goal, to help universities to establish long-lasting and reliable structures for paying OA publications which demand article processing charges. The recent discussion about the Finch Report[3] shows the precariousness about the role of publishers, and libraries fear about escalating costs again, if OA moves mainly towards the golden road. This presentation explaines the DFG programme and highlights the experiences of Bielefeld University Library (UL) within and concludes, that riding on the golden road is not the only way for libraries, to support universities making their publication output as visible as possible. Bielefeld UL started the support of OA publications with paying article processing charges back in 2004 with a BioMed Central membership and introduced a publication funds in 2008. In 2011 and 2012 the publication funds is supported by the above mentioned DFG programme. Besides the conventional questions like building a helpdesk for OA or how to organise the process from requesting money for OA publications by university members until the payment of article fees it became clear, that it is important to determine the publications of Bielefeld University as much as possible. The common publisher tools can only capture a part of the overall publication output of a university. Thus, the main focus of Bielefeld UL within the DFG programme lies on the integration of funding, detection and the enhancement of outside publicity of publications. Further on, Bielefeld University decided not to support hybrid OA publications anymore. For the next step, Bielefeld UL plans to install a clearing centre for OA at Bielefeld University. The now established system PUB (Publications at Bielefeld University) gives the UL a more valid basis than „Web of Science“ or „SCOPUS“ when trying to estimate the possible costs for golden OA. From the perspective of increasing the visibilty of Bielefeld University publications as much as possible and from the perspective of economic costs alone the OA strategy Bielefeld UL will include supporting the green road in the future as well.[1] Heather Morrison, http://poeticeconomics.blogspot.ca/[2] http://www.dfg.de/formulare/12_20/12_20.pdf[3] http://www.researchinfonet.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Finch-Group-report-executive-summary-FINAL-VERSION.pdf
Fractal Dimension and Patchiness in Hinabian-Lawigan Watershed Southern Leyte, Philippines
Authors: Ragub Jay-Ar O. , Bagarinao Ricardo T. 
Published: December 2014

Landscape metrics for analyzing landscape structures is fast developing topics in landscape ecology. This study examines fractal dimension and patchiness of the Hinabian-Lawigan watershed (Southern Leyte, Philippines), which is a habitat to different critically endangered species in the province. Three indices were used (i.e. total patch number, TPN; mean patch size, MPS; and mean patch fractal dimension, MPFD). The analysis was facilitated through the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) and patch analyst extension of ArcGIS. Land use-land cover classification system was used to identify the different patches. Results indicate that the watershed consists of patches of annual cropland, barren land, built-up areas, closed forests, pastureland, and shrubland. Closed forest patches have the largest total area (3,727.98 has) but have the highest TPN (i.e.1,700) and MPS (2.19 has). Their computed MPFD is greater than 1, which means that they are highly fragmented, and needed to be connected. Built-up areas are not prevalent in the watershed but may become a future concern if unmanaged. Of greatest concern is the presence of agricultural production areas (TPN value of 828 and MPFD of 1.52). Encroachment of agricultural production activities to forest areas may lead to further forest fragmentation. Its regular disturbance should be managed. Keywords - landscape ecology, patch, fractal dimension, fragmentation, landscape,landscape metrics, Geographic Information System, Hinabian-Lawigan Watershed, Southern Leyte, Philippines
Biology, Conservation and Management of Nematopalaemon tenuipes (Aramang) Fishery
Authors: RABANAL, JR. SIMEON R. , MOLINA LENIMFA P. , LAYUGAN EUNICE A. , CULASING ROMEO C. , AMOG LORYN G. 
Published: December 2014

Nematopalaemon tenuipes (Aramang) forms almost 100 % of catch by drift filter nets in the Cagayan River Estuary. It is caught throughout the year. The fishery shows varied annual fluctuations for the last five years with an averageannual production of 3,314.596 metric tonnes; the resource does not appearto be under threat of over fishing at present due to increasing production ofcatch from 1996 to 2013. The maturity, fecundity and GSI of aramang weredetermined from collected samples from the gatherers during the observanceof management intervention known as Gentlemen’s Agreement (May 2012 toMarch 2013). Five maturity stages of non-berried and berried aramang occurredthroughout the observation period where nearly ripe and ripe seemed to bedominant comprising more than 70 % in occurrence. The size at maturity wasfound to be 45 mm in total length with an estimated mean fecundity of 974.92eggs. Pearson correlation showed a significant relationship between fecundityand size at (p < 0.01). However, no significant correlation (p > 0.01) was foundbetween GSI and size. The seasonal variation in the GSI showed continuousspawning of N. tenuipes throughout the year. Using mesh size 1.60 cm wasefficient to exclude small size of aramang in the catch, thereby attaining an idealcatch size resulting in better price and higher profit.Keywords: Reproductive Condition, Growth and Recruitment, Mesh selection,Nematopalaemon tenuipes, Aparri, Cagayan
Conversion Therapy Using mFOLFOX6 With Panitumumab for Unresectable Liver Metastases From Multiple Colorectal Cancers With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Toiyama Yuji , Inoue Yasuhiro , Kitajima Takahito , Okigami Masato , Kawamura Mikio , Kawamoto Aya , Okugawa Yoshinaga , Hiro Jyunichiro , Tanaka Koji , Mohri Yasuhiko , Kusunoki Masato 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A 39-year-old man received a diagnosis of unresectable multiple liver metastases from multiple colorectal cancers with familial adenomatous polyposis. After construction of an ileostomy, modified FOLFOX6 (mFOLFOX6) with panitumumab was administrated because rectal cancer and sigmoid colon cancer are KRAS wild type. The 13 courses of chemotherapy resulted in a marked reduction in the size of liver metastases and sigmoid colon cancer. Consequently, curative resection with total colectomy, ileal pouch anal anastomosis, and liver metastasis resection with radiofrequency ablation was performed. Progression of KRAS wild-type rectal cancer after chemotherapy suggested that each clone from rectal and sigmoid colon cancer might have a different sensitivity to epidermal growth factor receptor antibody. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed loss of PTEN expression in rectal cancer compared with liver metastases from sigmoid colon cancer, showing that the difference of mFOLFOX6 with panitumumab might be related to activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway.
Density, temperature, and composition of the North American lithosphere—New insights from a joint analysis of seismic, gravity, and mineral physics data: 2. Thermal and compositional model of the upper mantle
Authors: Tesauro Magdala , Kaban Mikhail K. , Mooney Walter D. , Cloetingh Sierd A. P. L. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTemperature and compositional variations of the North American (NA) lithospheric mantle are estimated using a new inversion technique introduced in Part 1, which allows us to jointly interpret seismic tomography and gravity data, taking into account depletion of the lithospheric mantle beneath the cratonic regions. The technique is tested using two tomography models (NA07 and SL2013sv) and different lithospheric density models. The first density model (Model I) reproduces the typical compositionally stratified lithospheric mantle, which is consistent with xenolith samples from the central Slave craton, while the second one (Model II) is based on the direct inversion of the residual gravity and residual topography. The results obtained, both in terms of temperature and composition, are more strongly influenced by the input models derived from seismic tomography, rather than by the choice of lithospheric density Model I versus Model II. The final temperatures estimated in the Archean lithospheric root are up to 150°C higher than in the initial thermal models obtained using a laterally and vertically uniform “fertile” compositional model and are in agreement with temperatures derived from xenolith data. Therefore, the effect of the compositional variations cannot be neglected when temperatures of the cratonic lithospheric mantle are estimated. Strong negative compositional density anomalies (<−0.03 g/cm3), corresponding to Mg # (100 × Mg/(Mg + Fe)) >92, characterize the lithospheric mantle of the northwestern part of the Superior craton and the central part of the Slave and Churchill craton, according to both tomographic models. The largest discrepancies between the results based on different tomography models are observed in the Proterozoic regions, such as the Trans Hudson Orogen (THO), Rocky Mountains, and Colorado Plateau, which appear weakly depleted (>−0.025 g/cm3 corresponding to Mg # ∼91) when model NA07 is used, or locally characterized by high‐density bodies when model SL2013sv is used. The former results are in agreement with those based on the interpretation of xenolith data. The high‐density bodies might be interpreted as fragments of subducted slabs or of the advection of the lithospheric mantle induced from the eastward‐directed flat slab subduction. The selection of a seismic tomography model plays a significant role when estimating lithospheric density, temperature, and compositional heterogeneity. The consideration of the results of more than one model gives a more complete picture of the possible compositional variations within the NA lithospheric mantle.
Does sudden stratospheric warming induce meridional circulation in the mesosphere thermosphere system?
Authors: Laskar Fazlul I. , Pallamraju Duggirala 
Published: November 2014

AbstractOxygen dayglow emissions at multiple wavelengths that emanate from different heights (from around 130 km to peak altitude of the ionospheric F region) over a low‐latitude location showed systematic enhancements in intensities throughout the daytime hours during four sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events that occurred in the years 2010–2013. The lower thermospheric temperatures at 120 km obtained from the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry instrument are found to be enhanced during SSW events at arctic latitudes and show a gradient with a decrease toward low‐latitudes. During these events, the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere‐Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics Doppler Interferometer measurements showed equatorward winds in the mesosphere lower thermosphere (MLT) altitudes over high‐latitudes. Both the high‐latitude lower thermospheric temperature enhancements and the MLT region equatorward winds occur nearly simultaneously with the observed enhancements in the atomic oxygen dayglow emission intensities at all the wavelengths over low‐latitudes. Based on these measurements and other supporting information, it is proposed that a new cell of meridional circulation in the MLT winds is set up during SSW events, which enables transport of atomic oxygen from high‐to‐low latitudes. Such an additional contribution of oxygen density over low‐latitudes interacts with lower thermospheric daytime dynamics in that region and is attributed to be the cause for the observed enhancement in the oxygen daytime optical emission intensities over low‐latitudes. The results presented here provide experimental evidence to such circulation alluded to by earlier simulation studies.
Forecast of solar proton flux profiles for well‐connected events
Authors: Ji Eun‐Young , Moon Yong‐Jae , Park Jinhye 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe have developed a forecast model of solar proton flux profiles (> 10 MeV channel) for well‐connected events. Among 136 solar proton events (SPEs) from 1986 to 2006, we select 49 well‐connected ones that are all associated with single X‐ray flares stronger than M1 class and start to increase within 4 h after their X‐ray peak times. These events show rapid increments in proton flux. By comparing several empirical functions, we select a modified Weibull curve function to approximate a SPE flux profile. The parameters (peak flux, rise time, and decay time) of this function are determined by the relationship between X‐ray flare parameters (peak flux, impulsive time, and emission measure) and SPE parameters. For 49 well‐connected SPEs, the linear correlation coefficient between the predicted and the observed proton peak fluxes is 0.65 with the RMS error of 0.55 log10(pfu). In addition, we determine another forecast model based on flare and coronal mass ejection (CME) parameters using 22 SPEs. The used CME parameters are linear speed and angular width. As a result, we find that the linear correlation coefficient between the predicted and the observed proton peak fluxes is 0.83 with the RMS error of 0.35 log10(pfu). From the relationship between error of model and CME acceleration, we find that CME acceleration is an important factor for predicting proton flux profiles.
Formation of the equatorial thermosphere anomaly trough: Local time and solar cycle variations
Authors: Hsu Vicki W. , Thayer Jeffrey P. , Lei Jiuhou , Wang Wenbin 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis paper evaluates the formation and behavior of the equatorial thermosphere anomaly (ETA) trough in neutral temperature and mass density using the National Center for Atmospheric Research thermosphere‐ionosphere electrodynamics general circulation model under quiet geomagnetic activity and March equinox conditions. The driving mechanism for the generation of the ETA trough in the model is field‐aligned ion drag. In our simulations, during the daytime, field‐aligned ion drag on the north‐south flanks of the magnetic equator causes a divergence in meridional winds, leading to an upward change in vertical winds, adiabatic cooling, and a reduction in neutral temperature of about 30 K over the magnetic equator near 400 km. This response closely links ETA behavior to variations in the equatorial ionosphere anomaly (EIA) associated with local time and solar cycle. As the EIA begins to disappear in the evening, the processes in the ETA mechanism recede, causing the ETA trough to subside. The ETA trough is not completely eliminated until about after 23:00 LT. In our simulations, the trough becomes more prominent as the solar cycle progresses from low (F10.7=80) to high (F10.7=180), in agreement with observations. The neutral‐ion collision frequency (proportional to variations in electron density) controls ETA day‐to‐night and solar cycle variations, while plasma scale height and gradients in electron number density and plasma temperature produce a secondary structure in ETA local time behavior that varies with solar cycle levels.
Coronal heating and solar wind acceleration for electrons, protons, and minor ions obtained from kinetic models based on kappa distributions
Authors: Pierrard V. , Pieters M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAstrophysical and space plasmas are commonly found to be out of thermal equilibrium; i.e., the velocity distribution functions of their particles are not well described by Maxwellian distributions. They generally have more suprathermal particles in the tail of the distribution. The kappa distribution provides a generalization to successfully describe such plasmas with tails decreasing as a power law of the velocity. In the present work, we improve the solar wind model developed on the basis of such kappa distributions by incorporating azimuthally varying 1 AU boundary conditions to produce a spatially structured view of the solar wind expansion. By starting from the top of the chromosphere to the heliosphere and by applying relevant boundary conditions in the ecliptic plane, a global model of the corona and the solar wind is developed for each particle species. The model includes the natural heating of the solar corona automatically appearing when an enhanced population of suprathermal particles is present at low altitude in the solar (or stellar) atmosphere. This applies not only for electrons and protons but also for the minor ions which then have a temperature increase proportional to their mass. Moreover, the presence of suprathermal electrons contributes to the acceleration of the solar wind to high bulk velocities when Coulomb collisions are neglected. The results of the model are illustrated in the solar corona and in solar wind for the different particle species and can now be directly compared in two dimensions with spacecraft observations in the ecliptic plane.
River runoff effect on the suspended sediment property in the upper Chesapeake Bay using MODIS observations and ROMS simulations
Authors: Liu Xiaoming , Wang Menghua 
Published: November 2014

AbstractOcean color data derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the satellite Aqua from 2002 to 2012 and simulations from the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) are used to study the impact of the Susquehanna River discharge on the total suspended sediment (TSS) concentration in the upper Chesapeake Bay. Since the water in the upper Chesapeake Bay is highly turbid, the shortwave infrared (SWIR)‐based atmospheric correction algorithm is used for deriving the normalized water‐leaving radiance nLw(λ) spectra from MODIS‐Aqua measurements. nLw(λ) spectra are further processed into the diffuse attenuation coefficient at the wavelength of 490 nm Kd(490) and TSS. MODIS‐Aqua‐derived monthly TSS concentration in the upper Chesapeake Bay and in situ Susquehanna River discharge data show similar patterns in seasonal variations. The TSS monthly temporal variation in the upper Chesapeake Bay is also found in phase with the monthly averaged river discharge data. Since the Susquehanna River discharge is mainly dominated by a few high discharge events due to winter‐spring freshets or tropical storms in each year, the impact of these high discharge events on the upper Chesapeake Bay TSS is investigated. Both MODIS‐measured daily TSS images and sediment data derived from ROMS simulations show that the Susquehanna River discharge is the dominant factor for the variations of TSS concentration in the upper Chesapeake Bay. Although the high river discharge event usually lasts for only a few days, its induced high TSS concentration in the upper Chesapeake Bay can sustain for ∼10–20 days. The elongated TSS rebounding stage is attributed to horizontal advection of slowly settling fine sediment from the Susquehanna River.
Stratified turbulence in the nearshore coastal ocean: Dynamics and evolution in the presence of internal bores
Authors: Walter Ryan K. , Squibb Michael E. , Woodson C. Brock , Koseff Jeffrey R. , Monismith Stephen G. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractHigh‐frequency measurements of stratified turbulence throughout the water column were collected over a 2 week period in the nearshore environment of southern Monterey Bay, CA, using a cabled observatory system and an underwater turbulence flux tower. The tower contained a vertical array of acoustic Doppler velocimeters and fast‐response conductivity‐temperature sensors, providing a nearly continuous data set of turbulent velocity and density fluctuations and a unique look into the stratified turbulence field. The evolution of various turbulence quantities and direct measurements of the vertical turbulent diffusivity is examined in the presence of nearshore internal bores, both in the near‐bed region and in the stratified interior. We show that individual bores can drive substantial changes in local turbulence and mixing dynamics, with considerable differences between the leading and trailing edges of the bores. Using direct observations of the flux Richardson number, our measurements confirm previous observations that show the highest mixing efficiencies (Γ) occurring in regions of buoyancy‐controlled turbulence. Parameterizations of the flux Richardson number as a function of the turbulence activity number are also presented. Finally, we demonstrate that the commonly used assumption of a constant mixing efficiency (Γ = 0.2) for calculating turbulent diffusivities leads to significant overestimates compared to diffusivity values calculated using the directly measured mixing efficiency. Implications of the results are discussed.
Characterizing the eddy field in the Arctic Ocean halocline
Authors: Zhao Mengnan , Timmermans Mary‐Louise , Cole Sylvia , Krishfield Richard , Proshutinsky Andrey , Toole John 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIce‐Tethered Profilers (ITP), deployed in the Arctic Ocean between 2004 and 2013, have provided detailed temperature and salinity measurements of an assortment of halocline eddies. A total of 127 mesoscale eddies have been detected, 95% of which were anticyclones, the majority of which had anomalously cold cores. These cold‐core anticyclonic eddies were observed in the Beaufort Gyre region (Canadian water eddies) and the vicinity of the Transpolar Drift Stream (Eurasian water eddies). An Arctic‐wide calculation of the first baroclinic Rossby deformation radius Rd has been made using ITP data coupled with climatology; Rd ∼ 13 km in the Canadian water and ∼8 km in the Eurasian water. The observed eddies are found to have scales comparable to Rd. Halocline eddies are in cyclogeostrophic balance and can be described by a Rankine vortex with maximum azimuthal speeds between 0.05 and 0.4 m/s. The relationship between radius and thickness for the eddies is consistent with adjustment to the ambient stratification. Eddies may be divided into four groups, each characterized by distinct core depths and core temperature and salinity properties, suggesting multiple source regions and enabling speculation of varying formation mechanisms.