bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of perioperative morbidity and mortality rates in dogs with noninvasive adrenocortical masses undergoing laparoscopic versus open adrenalectomy
Authors: Mayhew Philipp D. , Culp William T. N. , Hunt Geraldine B. , Steffey Michele A. , Mayhew Kelli N. , Fuller Mark , Della-Maggiore Ann , Nelson Richard W. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Objective—To describe the clinicopathologic features of a cohort of dogs with adrenocortical masses that underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy and to compare perioperative morbidity and mortality rates in these dogs with rates for dogs that underwent open adrenalectomy for resection of similarly sized (maximal diameter, ≤ 5 cm) adrenocortical masses.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—48 client-owned dogs that underwent laparoscopic (n = 23) or open (25) adrenalectomy for noninvasive tumors (ie, tumors that did not invade the vena cava or other surrounding organs).
Procedures—Medical records were reviewed. History, clinical signs, physical examination findings, clinicopathologic findings, imaging results, and surgical variables were recorded. A 3- or 4-port approach was used for laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Surgical time, perioperative complications, postoperative and overall hospitalization times, and perioperative deaths were recorded and compared between groups.
Results—The surgical method for 1 dog was converted from a laparoscopic to an open approach. Perioperative death occurred in no dogs in the laparoscopic group and 2 dogs in the open adrenalectomy group. Surgical time was shorter for laparoscopic (median, 90 minutes; range, 40 to 150 minutes) than for open (median, 120 minutes; range, 75 to 195 minutes) adrenalectomy. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy was associated with shorter hospitalization time and more rapid discharge from the hospital after surgery, compared with the open procedure.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—With careful patient selection, laparoscopic adrenalectomy was associated with a low complication rate and low conversion rate for resection of adrenocortical masses as well as shorter surgical and hospitalization times, compared with open adrenalectomy.
The development of metal technologies in the Upper Thai-Malay Peninsula: initial interpretation of the archaeometallurgical evidence from Khao Sam Kaeo
Authors: Pryce Thomas Oliver , Bellina-Pryce Bérénice , T. N. Bennett Anna 
Published: October 2014

Thomas Olivier Pryce, Bérénice Bellina-Pryce et Anna T. N. Bennett
The development of metal technologies in the Upper Thai-Malay Peninsula: initial interpretation of the archaeometallurgical evidence from Khao Sam Kaeo
En raison de l'insuffisance de fouilles dans la partie septentrionale de la péninsule thaï-malaise, le projet Khao Sam Kaeo fournit l'occasion d'étudier les technologies des métaux dans le cadre d'un centre proto-urbain participant aux échanges transasiatiques. À l'issue de trois saisons de fouilles, nous présentons nos observations préliminaires sur le matériel mis à jour, matériel qui fournit la preuve qu'existaient, dès le milieu du millénaire qui a précédé notre ère, des activités locales de métallurgies de l'or, de l'alliage plomb-étain, du cuivre et du fer et/ou des activités d'échanges de ces métaux.
Les premières activités métallurgiques à Khao Sam Kaeo apparaissent ainsi contemporaines de l'émergence de la métallurgie en Asie insulaire et péninsulaire.
Analyse réflexive de pratiques et développement de nouvelles compétences
Authors: Clerc Nicole , Agogué Martine 
Published: October 2014

La démarche réflexive comme démarche de formation a désormais gagné la majorité des champs composant les métiers de la relation. Dans le domaine de la santé, les textes du référentiel de formation (29 juillet 2009) y engagent, associant le processus réflexif à la capacité d’« analyser toute situation de santé ». Dans le cadre du master « formation de formateurs à l’accompagnement professionnel » dont les auteures sont co-responsables à l’Université de Cergy-Pontoise, elles accueillent, comme étudiant-e-s, des cadres de santé désireux de se former à cette approche. Dans ce contexte, les auteures explicitent, depuis leurs expériences, la démarche d’accompagnement et de formation qu’elles soutiennent en référence à la psychosociologie clinique. Elles analysent comment le groupe en formation acquiert les compétences professionnelles en relation avec la capacité réflexive et identifient le processus permettant la transformation de la posture professionnelle. Après avoir présenté le dispositif d’analyse réflexive des pratiques, elles mettent en évidence la force symbolique du cadre et montrent les effets d’un accompagnement de la nouvelle posture par une méta-analyse. A chaque étape du dispositif, des compétences professionnelles identifiées sont mises au travail, accompagnant et accélérant alors les processus de changement individuel et groupal.
La télévision : drogue dure ? drogue douce ?
Authors: Sarpi Jean-François 
Published: October 2014

Résumé Au début de l’année le petit livre rouge de Pierre Bourdieu Sur la télévision a fait un peu de bruit et puis le bruit est retombé. On s’y attendait : que peut un petit livre contre les milliards de la télévision et sa puissance formidable de récupérer tout ce qui se donne à elle ? Et si le débat sur l’information à la télé était à côté de la plaque ?
Petit lexique à l'usage des Zakeurs
Authors: Nahapétian Naïri 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	« ZAC ! POS ! PAZ ! OPAH ! ». Non, ce ne sont pas des onomatopées tirées d’une BD de Gaston Lagaffe, ni une imitation de Michel Rocard par les Guignols, mais les procédures d’urbanisme les plus utilisées pour modeler et remodeler les villes où nous vivons.
Par delà les « bourreaux »
Authors: Mesnard Philippe 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	Il y a trois ans, début avril, le génocide des Tutsis au Rwanda débutait. En quatre mois, environ 750 000 hommes, femmes, enfants, ont été assassinés. Dans cette histoire qui continue, l’Occident n’a pas un rôle aussi beau qu’il voudrait le faire croire, avec ses appels à la justice et à l’humanité.
Un menu pour rester fidèle
Authors: Celse Michel 
Published: October 2014

Résumé	En bonne fille qui a enterré sa vie de garçon depuis deux mois, vous optez pour un apaisement culinaire préventif des débordements adultères auxquels la présence de cet hôte tentateur pourrait vous conduire pendant la nuit qu’il va passer chez vous. Le menu que je vous propose émousse efficacement les élans les plus fougueux.
Tobacco use, Body Mass Index, and Potentially Malignant Disorders among
petrol fillers in Pimpri-Pune (India): A descriptive study
Authors: Reddy Mamatha G.S. , Kakodkar Pradnya V. , Singh Akanksha 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Background: Since petrol is combustible and smoking is banned at the petrol pumps, it may be predicted that use of smokeless tobacco is more prevalent among the petrol fillers. Also, smokeless tobacco is a major risk factor for developing oral potentially malignant disorders. The present study was conducted to determine the tobacco use, body mass index (BMI), and potentially malignant disorders among a cohort of petrol fillers and also to evaluate the interaction of tobacco use and BMI with the presence of potentially malignant disorders. Settings and Design: The study was conducted at 45 petrol stations located at Pimpri-Pune, India. A descriptive study design was used. Materials and Method: Four hundred and ten petrol fillers aged 17-64 years participated in the study. General information and tobacco history was obtained by interview. Height and weight were recorded to obtain BMI. Oral examination was conducted to identify the potentially malignant disorders. Statistical analysis: Chi-square test, Z test, and logistic regression were used. The level of significance was fixed at 5%. Results and Conclusions: It was found that 242 (59.02%) used tobacco in different forms. 77.68% were tobacco chewers, and 8.26% were smokers. Leukoplakia was prevalent among 68.47%, oral submucous fibrosis among 27.45%, and 5.08% had erythroplakia. Age (χ2 = 11.46, P < 0.05), duration (χ2 = 17.46, P < 0.05), and frequency of tobacco chewing (χ2 = 14.16, P < 0.05) were significantly associated with potentially malignant disorders. Tobacco chewing was more prevalent as compared to smoking. It can be concluded that the petrol fillers are at a high risk for developing oral potentially malignant disorders.
Response to imatinib mesylate in childhood chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: In pursuit of perfection
Authors: Linga Vijay Gandhi , Ganta Ranga Raman , Kalpathi Krishnamani Iyer , Gundeti Sadashivudu , Rajappa Senthil J. , Digumarti Raghunadharao , Paul Tara Roshni , Tandon Ashwani 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Introduction: Childhood chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) accounts for less than 3% of all childhood leukemias, hence, data on imatinib (IM) in adult CML patients has been largely extrapolated to children. We have analyzed our data to add to the existing literature. Aims: Primary objective is to assess the progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary objective are cytogenetic response, overall survival (OS), and toxicities. Settings and Design: This is a retrospective analysis from the case records from a single institution. Materials and Methods: Institutional ethics committee approval was obtained. All the children diagnosed CML in chronic phase (CML-CP) aged less than 18 years registered between 2000 and 2009 were enrolled. All the patients were started on IM at 260 mg/m 2 . Statistical Analysis: Kaplan-Meier curves were used to calculate the PFS and OS. Results: There were 64 children with median age of 13 years (range, 1-18) with male predominance (male:female (M: F) - 1.85:1). Sixty-one patients (95.4%) achieved complete hematological response (CHR) at median of 8 weeks. Thirty-seven (57.8%) patients had evaluation of cytogenetic response and were subjects for outcome analysis. The median time to best cytogenetic response evaluation was 13 months (range, 4-52). Twenty-nine patients (78.3%) achieved complete cytogenetic response (CCyR). At a median follow-up of 36 months (range 5-75), 21 (56.8%) remained progression free and 35 (94.5%) are alive. Adverse events were tolerable. Conclusions: PFS at a median follow-up of 36 months is 56.8% and OS 94.5%.
Comparative analysis of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in head and neck cancer and carcinoma cervix during concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Bagri Puneet Kumar , Kapoor Akhil , Kalwar Ashok , Singhal Mukesh Kumar , Singh Daleep , Narayan Satya 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Background: Cisplatin is widely used as radio sensitizer in head and neck cancer (HNC) and carcinoma cervix (CaCx). This study aims to see comparative nephrotoxicity of cisplatin in HNC and in CaCx without obstructive uropathy treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Materials and Methods: Fifty patients of HNC and 50 patients of CaCx stage II/III without obstructive uropathy were included in this study. Cisplatin 50 mg intravenous weekly was given before EBRT with adequate hydration and premedication in both groups. Before chemotherapy; blood urea, serum creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured. GFR was measured using 99m Tc diethylene triamine pentacaetic acid (DTPA) renogram study. Results: At the end of 4 th week, blood urea level 41-45 mg% was in 40 and 4% in HNC and CaCx, respectively (P = 0.018). At the end of 3 rd and 4 th week, blood urea level >45 mg% was 10 and 6% in HNC cases, respectively. At the end of 4 th week, serum creatinine level 1.1-1.5 mg% was 50 and 8% in HNC and CaCx, respectively (P = 0.047). Serum creatinine level >1.5 mg% was 6, 8, and 22% in HNC at the end of 2 nd , 3 rd , and 4 th week, respectively. GFR <80 ml/min at the end of 4 th week was 14% in HNC and only 2% in CaCx. GFR <100ml/min was significant at the end of 4 th week (P = 0.04). Univariate analysis showed significant relation between reduced oral fluid intake and reduced GFR (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In HNC, during concurrent chemoradiation, as the 3 rd -4 th week is reached, oral mucosal reactions increase and affect oral intake which further add to the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. In CaCx without obstructive uropathy, renal function impairment is less severe as oral intake of water and liquid is not much impaired.
Derivation and Long-Term Culture of Transgene-Free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells on Synthetic Substrates
Authors: Villa-Diaz Luis Gerardo , Kim Jin Koo , Lahann Joerg , Krebsbach Paul H. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

We describe a platform to derive, culture, and differentiate genomically stable, transgene-free human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) on a fully synthetic polymer substrate made of a grafted zwitterionic hydrogel: poly2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide (PMEDSAH). Three independent transgene-free iPSC lines derived in these conditions demonstrated continuous self-renewal, genomic stability, and pluripotency in vitro and in vivo after up to 9 months of continuous in vitro culture on PMEDSAH-grafted plates. Together, these data demonstrate the strength this alternative platform offers to generate and maintain human iPSCs for regenerative medicine.
Deep water recycling through time
Authors: Magni Valentina , Bouilhol Pierre , van Hunen Jeroen 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe investigate the dehydration processes in subduction zones and their implications for the water cycle throughout Earth's history. We use a numerical tool that combines thermo‐mechanical models with a thermodynamic database to examine slab dehydration for present‐day and early Earth settings and its consequences for the deep water recycling. We investigate the reactions responsible for releasing water from the crust and the hydrated lithospheric mantle and how they change with subduction velocity (vs), slab age (a) and mantle temperature (Tm). Our results show that faster slabs dehydrate over a wide area: they start dehydrating shallower and they carry water deeper into the mantle. We parameterize the amount of water that can be carried deep into the mantle, W (×105 kg/m2), as a function of vs (cm/yr), a (Myrs), and Tm (°C):
. We generally observe that a 1) 100°C increase in the mantle temperature, or 2) ∼15 Myr decrease of plate age, or 3) decrease in subduction velocity of ∼2 cm/yr all have the same effect on the amount of water retained in the slab at depth, corresponding to a decrease of ∼2.2×105 kg/m2 of H2O. We estimate that for present‐day conditions ∼26% of the global influx water, or 7×108 Tg/Myr of H2O, is recycled into the mantle. Using a realistic distribution of subduction parameters, we illustrate that deep water recycling might still be possible in early Earth conditions, although its efficiency would generally decrease. Indeed, 0.5–3.7 × 108 Tg/Myr of H2O could still be recycled in the mantle at 2.8 Ga.
Observation of the spread of slow deformation in Greece following the breakup of the slab
Authors: Durand Virginie , Bouchon Michel , Floyd Michael A. , Theodulidis Nikos , Marsan David , Karabulut Hayrullah , Schmittbuhl Jean 
Published: October 2014

AbstractOver the past two decades, geophysical observations have shown that earthquakes can trigger other earthquakes, raising the possibility that earthquake interaction plays an important role in the earth's deformation. We analyze here a “storm” of earthquakes in Greece and show that their interaction provides remarkable insight into the mechanics of one of the fastest deforming continental region in the world. A rupture of the African slab initiates a cascade of large earthquakes and a long episode of slow slip marking the downward plunge of the slab, the concomitant rollback of the subduction, and the subsequent detachment of southern Greece from the Eurasian plate. Intense crustal deformation, indicative of the resulting plate stretching, follows. This slow deformation which spreads in a few months over more than 500 km lasts ~3 years and triggers earthquakes. The observations also show that the retreat of the African subduction is the motor of the Aegean deformation.
Distinct patterns of seasonal Greenland glacier velocity
Authors: Moon Twila , Joughin Ian , Smith Ben , van den Broeke Michiel R. , van de Berg Willem Jan , Noël Brice , Usher Mika 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPredicting Greenland Ice Sheet mass loss due to ice dynamics requires a complete understanding of spatiotemporal velocity fluctuations and related control mechanisms. We present a 5 year record of seasonal velocity measurements for 55 marine‐terminating glaciers distributed around the ice sheet margin, along with ice‐front position and runoff data sets for each glacier. Among glaciers with substantial speed variations, we find three distinct seasonal velocity patterns. One pattern indicates relatively high glacier sensitivity to ice‐front position. The other two patterns are more prevalent and appear to be meltwater controlled. These patterns reveal differences in which some subglacial systems likely transition seasonally from inefficient, distributed hydrologic networks to efficient, channelized drainage, while others do not. The difference may be determined by meltwater availability, which in some regions may be influenced by perennial firn aquifers. Our results highlight the need to understand subglacial meltwater availability on an ice sheet‐wide scale to predict future dynamic changes.
Properties of light‐absorbing aerosols in the Nagoya urban area, Japan, in August 2011 and January 2012: Contributions of brown carbon and lensing effect
Authors: Nakayama Tomoki , Ikeda Yuka , Sawada Yuuki , Setoguchi Yoshitaka , Ogawa Shuhei , Kawana Kaori , Mochida Michihiro , Ikemori Fumikazu , Matsumoto Kiyoshi , Matsumi Yutaka 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe optical properties of aerosols at 405 and 781 nm were measured in an urban site in Nagoya, Japan, in August 2011 and in January 2012 using a photoacoustic spectrometer. Comparison of the absorption coefficient at 781 nm of aerosols that did and did not pass through a thermo‐denuder showed that an increase in black carbon (BC) light absorption due to the coating of non‐refractory materials (i.e., the lensing effect) was small (on average, 10%) in August and negligible in January. The effective density distributions for the particles that did and did not pass through the thermo‐denuder, which were measured simultaneously in August, suggested that the majority of BC particles sampled had a minimal coating. The small lensing effect observed can be explained partly by assuming that a large portion of non‐refractory materials was mixed externally with BC. The contribution of direct light absorption by organic matter (OM) that vaporized at temperatures below 300°C to the total light absorption at 405 nm was negligible in August, but those by OM that vaporized below 300 and 400°C averaged 11 and 17%, respectively, in January. The larger contribution of light‐absorbing OM in January is likely due to the greater contribution of OM originating from the burning of biomass, including biofuel and agricultural residue, in Japan, northern China, or Siberia, during the winter.
On the relationship between continuing current and positive leader growth
Authors: Lapierre Jeff L. , Sonnenfeld Richard G. , Edens Harald E. , Stock Mike 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIt has long been speculated that the source of continuing current (CC) for a negative cloud‐to‐ground flash is provided by the growth of its positive leader into negative charge regions. In this study, data from the Langmuir Electric Field Array (LEFA) and Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) are used to investigate these speculations. LEFA and LMA data provide a way to estimate the occurrence and duration of CC and channel growth throughout a flash, respectively. By connecting LMA VHF sources onto contiguous channels, the growth of the positive leader associated with each return stroke is inferred. A linear correlation between positive‐channel growth and CC duration is found, providing evidence that the positive leader grows with a constant velocity, but no obvious correlation of this velocity with CC occurrence is found. Each return stroke is then sorted by its channel growth rate and further identified by its CC type. This analysis also provides no identifiable correlation linking the positive‐channel growth rate to CC occurrence or duration. Finally, the positive‐channel growth rate for the whole flash is calculated in 10 ms windows so that any trends occurring before, during, or after the CC can be observed. This analysis too shows no correlation, which implies that positive‐channel growth is not the primary mechanism that determines CC occurrence and duration.
Hydroxyl layer: Mean state and trends at midlatitudes
Authors: Grygalashvyly M. , Sonnemann G. R. , Lübken F.‐J. , Hartogh P. , Berger U. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBased on an advanced model of excited hydroxyl relaxation we calculate trends of number densities and altitudes of the OH*‐layer during the period 1961–2009. The OH*‐model takes into account all major chemical processes such as the production by H + O3, deactivation by O, O2, and N2, spontaneous emission, and removal by chemical reactions. The OH*‐model is coupled with a chemistry‐transport model (CTM). The dynamical part (Leibniz Institute Model of the Atmosphere, LIMA) adapts ECMWF/ERA‐40 data in the troposphere‐stratosphere. The change of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CH4, CO2, O3, and N2O is parameterized in LIMA/CTM. The downward shift of the OH*‐layer in geometrical altitudes occurs entirely due to shrinking (mainly in the mesosphere) as a result of cooling by increasing CO2 concentrations. In order to identify the direct chemical effect of GHG changes on OH*‐trends under variable solar cycle conditions, we consider three cases: (a) variable GHG and Lyman‐α fluxes, (b) variable GHG and constant Lyman‐α fluxes, and (c) constant GHG and Lyman‐α. At midlatitudes, shrinking of the middle atmosphere descends the OH*‐layer by ~ −300 m/decade in all seasons. The direct chemical impact of GHG emission lifts up the OH*‐layer by ~15–25 m/decade depending on season. Trends of the thermal and dynamical state within the layer lead to a trend of OH* height by ~ ±100 m/decade, depending on latitude and season. Trends in layer altitudes lead to differences between temperature trends within the layer, at constant pressure, and at constant altitude, respectively, of typically 0.5 to 1 K/decade.
A Molecular Copper Catalyst for Electrochemical Water Reduction with a Large Hydrogen‐Generation Rate Constant in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Zhang Peili , Wang Mei , Yang Yong , Yao Tianyi , Sun Licheng 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe copper complex [(bztpen)Cu](BF4)2 (bztpen=N‐benzyl‐N,N′,N′‐tris(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)ethylenediamine) displays high catalytic activity for electrochemical proton reduction in acidic aqueous solutions, with a calculated hydrogen‐generation rate constant (kobs) of over 10000 s−1. A turnover frequency (TOF) of 7000 h−1 cm−2 and a Faradaic efficiency of 96 % were obtained from a controlled potential electrolysis (CPE) experiment with [(bztpen)Cu]2+ in pH 2.5 buffer solution at −0.90 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) over two hours using a glassy carbon electrode. A mechanism involving two proton‐coupled reduction steps was proposed for the dihydrogen generation reaction catalyzed by [(bztpen)Cu]2+.