bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferroptosis-related gene transferrin receptor protein 1 expression correlates with the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment in cervical cancer
Authors: Shang Xiujuan , Wang Hongdong , Gu Jin , Zhao Xiaohui , Zhang Jing , Sun Bohao , Zhu Xinming 
Published: August 2024

Background
Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic iron-dependent form of cell death implicated in various cancer pathologies. However, its precise role in tumor growth and progression of cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear. Transferrin receptor protein 1 (TFRC), a key molecule associated with ferroptosis, has been identified as influencing a broad range of pathological processes in different cancers. However, the prognostic significance of TFRC in CC remains unclear. The present study utilized bioinformatics to explore the significance of the ferroptosis-related gene TFRC in the progression and prognosis of CC.

Methods
We obtained RNA sequencing data and corresponding clinical information on patients with CC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression, we then generated a multigene signature of five ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) for the prognostic prediction of CC. We investigated the relationship between TFRC gene expression and immune cell infiltration by employing single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) analysis. The potential functional role of the TFRC gene was evaluated through gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Immunohistochemistry and qPCR was employed to assess TFRC mRNA and protein expression in 33 cases of cervical cancer. Furthermore, the relationship between TFRC mRNA expression and overall survival (OS) was investigated in patients.

Results
CC samples had significantly higher TFRC gene expression levels than normal tissue samples. Higher TFRC gene expression levels were strongly associated with higher cancer T stages and OS events. The findings of multivariate analyses illustrated that the OS in CC patients with high TFRC expression is shorter than in patients with low TFRC expression. Significant increases were observed in the levels of TFRC mRNA and protein expression in patients diagnosed with CC.

Conclusion
Increased TFRC expression in CC was associated with disease progression, an unfavorable prognosis, and dysregulated immune cell infiltration. In addition, it highlights ferroptosis as a promising therapeutic target for CC.
Effect on Temperature Influences of the Life Table Studies for Aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch. in Cowpea under Laboratory Condition
Authors: K Sasikumar , N Ganapathy , M Shanthi , M Deivamani , P Senthilkumar , S Usharani , T Senthilkumar , K Govindan 
Published: August 2024

Aim: To study the life table aphid, Aphis craccivora in cowpea at different temperature.
Study Design: Simple random sampling design with two treatments and 12 replications.
Place and Duration Study: Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai and 2019-2020.
Methodology: We used a simple random sampling design, which included two temperature variables (30 and 35°C) and 12 repetitions for A. craccivora. The female adult aphids were placed in dishes with leaf dishes and 12 hours light appropriate temperature. Female adult aphids were placed in dishes containing leaf discs and incubated at the appropriate temperature, with a 12-hour light phase. They were transferred to new dishes as needed. We evaluated the pre-reproductive and reproductive periods under a stereomicroscope every 24 hours, and we determined the number of nymphs produced and their longevities at each temperature.
Results: Aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch. is most important pest in Pulses ecosystem and life table studies on cowpea, the net reproductive rate (22.53 individuals / female at 300 C; 14.23 individuals / female at 350 C, mean generation time 11.41days at 300C; 10.39 at 350C, population doubling time (2.710 days at 300C, 2.539 at 350C in Cowpea. The age specific survivorship curve revealed that the population followed Type III curve and 50 per cent mortality of A. craccivora 9 days at 300C and 7.5 days at 350C in cowpea.
Conclusion: The life table aphids insects parameters of net reproductive rate, population doubling time, mean generation time and age specific curve was maximum in 300C than 350C in Cowpea.
Model of electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves in the inner magnetosphere
Authors: Gamayunov K. V. , Engebretson M. J. , Zhang M. , Rassoul H. K. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe evolution of He+‐mode electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves is studied inside the geostationary orbit using our global model of ring current (RC) ions, electric field, plasmasphere, and EMIC waves. In contrast to the approach previously used by Gamayunov et al. (2009), however, we do not use the bounce‐averaged wave kinetic equation but instead use a complete, nonbounce‐averaged, equation to model the evolution of EMIC wave power spectral density, including off‐equatorial wave dynamics. The major results of our study can be summarized as follows. (1) The thermal background level for EMIC waves is too low to allow waves to grow up to the observable level during one pass between the “bi‐ion latitudes” (the latitudes where the given wave frequency is equal to the O+–He+ bi‐ion frequency) in conjugate hemispheres. As a consequence, quasi‐field‐aligned EMIC waves are not typically produced in the model if the thermal background level is used, but routinely observed in the Earth's magnetosphere. To overcome this model‐observation discrepancy we suggest a nonlinear energy cascade from the lower frequency range of ultralow frequency waves into the frequency range of EMIC wave generation as a possible mechanism supplying the needed level of seed fluctuations that guarantees growth of EMIC waves during one pass through the near equatorial region. The EMIC wave development from a suprathermal background level shows that EMIC waves are quasi field aligned near the equator, while they are oblique at high latitudes, and the Poynting flux is predominantly directed away from the near equatorial source region in agreement with observations. (2) An abundance of O+ strongly controls the energy of oblique He+‐mode EMIC waves that propagate to the equator after their reflection at bi‐ion latitudes, and so it controls a fraction of wave energy in the oblique normals. (3) The RC O+ not only causes damping of the He+‐mode EMIC waves but also causes wave generation in the region of highly oblique wave normal angles, typically for θ > 82°, where a growth rate γ > 10−2rad/s is frequently observed. The instability is driven by the loss cone feature in the RC O+ distribution function, where ∂F/∂v⟂>0 for the resonating O+. (4) The oblique and intense He+‐mode EMIC waves generated by RC O+ in the region L≈2–3 may have an implication to the energetic particle loss in the inner radiation belt.
Possible modification of the cooling index of interstellar helium pickup ions by electron impact ionization in the inner heliosphere
Authors: Chen Jun Hong , Bochsler Peter , Möbius Eberhard , Gloeckler George 
Published: September 2014

AbstractInterstellar neutrals penetrating into the inner heliosphere are ionized by photoionization, charge exchange with solar wind ions, and electron impact ionization. These processes comprise the first step in the evolution of interstellar pickup ion (PUI) distributions. Typically, PUI distributions have been described in terms of velocity distribution functions that cool adiabatically under solar wind expansion, with a cooling index of 3/2. Recently, the cooling index has been determined experimentally in observations of He PUI distributions with Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE)/Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer and found to vary substantially over the solar cycle. The experimental determination of the cooling index depends on the knowledge of the ionization rates and their spatial variation. Usually, ionization rates increase with 1/r2 as neutral particles approach the Sun, which is not exactly true for electron impact ionization, because the electron temperature increases with decreasing distance from the Sun due to the complexity of its distributions and different radial gradients in temperature. This different dependence on distance may become important in the study of the evolution of PUI distributions and is suspected as one of the potential reasons for the observed variation of the cooling index. Therefore, we investigate in this paper the impact of electron ionization on the variability of the cooling index. We find that the deviation of the electron ionization rate from the canonical 1/r2 behavior of other ionization processes plays only a minor role.
Risks of Herpes Zoster in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis According to Biologic Disease‐Modifying Therapy
Authors: Yun Huifeng , Xie Fenglong , Delzell Elizabeth , Chen Lang , Levitan Emily B. , Lewis James D. , Saag Kenneth G. , Beukelman Timothy , Winthrop Kevin , Baddley John W. , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the risks of herpes zoster (HZ) differed by biologic agents with different mechanisms of action (MOAs) in older rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.MethodsUsing Medicare data from 2006–2011, among RA patients with prior biologic agent use and no history of cancer or other autoimmune diseases, this retrospective cohort study identified new treatment episodes of abatacept, adalimumab, certolizumab, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab, rituximab, and tocilizumab. Followup started on initiation of the new biologic agent and ended at any of the following: first incidence of HZ, a 30‐day gap in current exposure, death, a diagnosis of other autoimmune disease or cancer, loss of insurance coverage, or December 31, 2011. We calculated the proportion of RA patients vaccinated for HZ in each calendar year prior to biologic agent initiation and HZ incidence rate for each biologic agent. We compared HZ risks among therapies using Cox regression adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsOf 29,129 new biologic treatment episodes, 28.7% used abatacept, 15.9% adalimumab, 14.8% rituximab, 12.4% infliximab, 12.2% etanercept, 6.1% tocilizumab, 5.8% certolizumab, and 4.4% golimumab. The proportion of RA patients vaccinated for HZ prior to biologic agent initiation ranged from 0.4% in 2007 to 4.1% in 2011. We identified 423 HZ diagnoses with the highest HZ incidence rate for certolizumab (2.45 per 100 person‐years) and the lowest for golimumab (1.61 per 100 person‐years). Neither the crude incidence rate nor the adjusted hazard ratio differed significantly among biologic agents. Glucocorticoid use had a significant association with HZ.ConclusionAmong older patients with RA, the HZ risk was similar across biologic agents, including those with different MOAs.
The Influence of the Clay Particles on the Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of PLA/o‐MMT Composite Films
Authors: FRANCO‐URQUIZA EDGAR ADRIAN , CAILLOUX JONATHAN , SANTANA ORLANDO , MASPOCH MARIA LLUISA , VELAZQUEZ INFANTE JULIO CESAR 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, calendered films of polylactic acid/organo‐montmorillonite clay (PLA/o‐MMT) were prepared and the influence of the clay particles' morphology on the mechanical properties and fracture behavior was evaluated. An image analysis was performed using transmission electron microscopy micrographs to complete the morphological study. The micrographs were taken from ultramicrotomic samples corresponding to the melting flow (MD) and transverse direction (TD) of the films. The micrographs revealed intercalated particles and tactoids, which were in accordance with the wide angle X‐ray scattering patterns. Uniaxial tensile tests were performed in the MD and TD directions, finding a slight anisotropy in the films, which was associated with a low level of polymer chain orientation due to the calender processing. The fracture behavior was also evaluated in the MD and TD directions using deeply double‐edge‐notched tension (DDENT) specimens. The mechanical and fracture tests were evaluated on aging (brittle) and deaging (ductile) films by applying a thermal treatment that consisted of heating above the glass transition temperature of the PLA and subsequent quenching. For ductile PLA composite films, the reinforcement effect promoted by the clay particles was not so evident.
Synthesis of Bis(indole) Alkaloids from Arundo donax: The Ynindole Diels–Alder Reaction, Conformational Chirality, and Absolute Stereochemistry
Authors: Chen Jingjin , Ferreira Andrew J. , Beaudry Christopher M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBis(indole) alkaloids from Arundo donax were synthesized using the first ynindole Diels–Alder reaction. The alkaloids are chiral, having stable enantiomeric conformations with half‐lives of racemization of t1/2=4150–25100 seconds at room temperature. Their absolute stereochemistry was determined using the exciton chirality method.
Mussel‐Inspired Dendritic Polymers as Universal Multifunctional Coatings
Authors: Wei Qiang , Achazi Katharina , Liebe Hendrik , Schulz Andrea , Noeske Paul‐Ludwig Michael , Grunwald Ingo , Haag Rainer 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA rapid and universal approach for multifunctional material coatings was developed based on a mussel‐inspired dendritic polymer. This new kind of polymer mimics not only the functional groups of mussel foot proteins (mfps) but also their molecular weight and molecular structure. The large number of catechol and amine groups set the basis for heteromultivalent anchoring and crosslinking. The molecular weight reaches 10 kDa, which is similar to the most adhesive mussel foot protein mfp‐5. Also, the dendritic structure exposes its functional groups on the surface like the folded proteins. As a result, a very stable coating can be prepared on virtually any type of material surface within 10 min by a simple dip‐coating method, which is as fast as the formation of mussel byssal threads in nature.
Thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of tween 80/span 80–based organogels and its application in iontophoretic drug delivery
Authors: Sagiri Sai S. , Kumar Uttam , Champaty Biswajeet , Singh Vinay K , Pal Kunal 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTThe present study describes the preparation and characterization of the Tween 80/Span 80 and sunflower oil–based organogels. Organogels were characterized using microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermal, mechanical, and electrical techniques. The properties were found to be dependent on the proportion of the water : surfactant mixture. The in vitro drug release studies were performed under electrical potential. The drug release in the presence of electrical current was compared with the passive drug release. The drug release from the organogels followed the zero‐order kinetics suggesting diffusion mediated release. The preliminary results suggested that the organogels may be used as drug carriers in iontophoretic drug delivery. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41419.
Rapid and nondestructive quantitative analysis of natural rubber blends regardless of geographical origin and harvest time of the natural rubber
Authors: Lu Yi , Liu Hongchao , Guo Guojian , You Yusheng , Wu Lijun , Ji Kejian , Xun Qining 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTNatural rubber (NR) blends are widely used in many industries because of their excellent integrated properties. However, a simple, easily operational, nondestructive, and accurate method for their quantitative analysis remains as a challenge. This has been always an important issue in the related industries, particularly for their daily quality control tests. One main reason is that NR ingredients vary according to their geographical origin and the harvest time, which renders it hard to set up a versatile analytical protocol for all NRs. Another reason is owing to the defects of the established methods themselves as having been revealed in those relying on TGA, Py‐GC/MS, FTIR, and ATR‐FTIR. In this study, a simple and feasible method based on near infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometric is proposed to solve this problem for the first time. NR/SBR (styrene‐butadiene rubber) rubber blend, the most widely used NR blend, is selected as a typical research subject. Spectral calibration region, factor, and several different pretreatment methods are applied on the spectra data to optimize calibration models. The result shows the optimized calibration model provides a good accuracy (0.135 wt %), intraday precision (0.121 wt %) and interday precision (0.132 wt %) for 3 months. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41423.
Prolonged Tumor Necrosis Factor α Primes Fibroblast‐like Synoviocytes in a Gene‐Specific Manner by Altering Chromatin
Authors: Sohn Christopher , Lee Angela , Qiao Yu , Loupasakis Konstantinos , Ivashkiv Lionel B. , Kalliolias George D. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveDuring the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) are chronically exposed to an inflammatory milieu. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that prolonged exposure of FLS to tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) augments inflammatory responses to secondary stimuli (priming effect).MethodsFLS obtained from RA patients were exposed to TNFα for 3 days and were then stimulated with interferons (IFNs). Expression of IFN target genes was measured by real‐time quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction analysis and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Total STAT‐1 protein and IFN‐mediated STAT‐1 activation were evaluated by Western blotting. Total histone levels, histone acetylation, and NF‐κB p65 and RNA polymerase II (Pol II) recruitment were measured at the CXCL10 promoter (encodes IFNγ‐inducible 10‐kd protein [IP‐10]) by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays.ResultsProlonged pre‐exposure of FLS to TNFα enhanced the magnitude and extended the kinetics of CXCL10/IP‐10, CXCL9, and CXCL11 production upon subsequent IFN stimulation. This phenotype was retained over a period of days, even after the removal of TNFα. Prolonged TNFα exposure decreased histone levels, increased acetylation of the remaining histones, and heightened recruitment of NF‐κB p65 and Pol II to the CXCL10 promoter. In parallel, an increase in intracellular STAT‐1 led to amplification of IFN‐induced STAT‐1 activation.ConclusionOur study reveals a novel pathogenic function of TNFα, namely, prolonged and gene‐specific priming of FLS for enhanced transcription of inflammatory chemokine genes due to the priming of chromatin, the sustained activation of NF‐κB, and the amplification of STAT‐1 activation downstream of IFNs. These data also suggest that FLS gain an “inflammatory memory” upon prolonged exposure to TNFα.
The Biologic Basis of Clinical Heterogeneity in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Eng Simon W. M. , Duong Trang T. , Rosenberg Alan M. , Morris Quaid , Yeung Rae S. M. ,   on behalf of the REACCH OUT and BBOP Research Consortia
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveChildhood arthritis encompasses a heterogeneous family of diseases. Significant variation in clinical presentation remains despite consensus‐driven diagnostic classifications. Developments in data analysis provide powerful tools for interrogating large heterogeneous data sets. We report a novel approach to integrating biologic and clinical data toward a new classification for childhood arthritis, using computational biology for data‐driven pattern recognition.MethodsProbabilistic principal components analysis was used to transform a large set of data into 4 interpretable indicators or composite variables on which patients were grouped by cluster analysis. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine key variables in determining indicators and cluster assignment. Results were validated against an independent validation cohort.ResultsMeaningful biologic and clinical characteristics, including levels of proinflammatory cytokines and measures of disease activity, defined axes/indicators that identified homogeneous patient subgroups by cluster analysis. The new patient classifications resolved major differences between patient subpopulations better than International League of Associations for Rheumatology subtypes. Fourteen variables were identified by sensitivity analysis to crucially determine indicators and clusters. This new schema was conserved in an independent validation cohort.ConclusionData‐driven unsupervised machine learning is a powerful approach for interrogating clinical and biologic data toward disease classification, providing insight into the biology underlying clinical heterogeneity in childhood arthritis. Our analytical framework enabled the recovery of unique patterns from small cohorts and addresses a major challenge, patient numbers, in studying rare diseases.
Depletion of Protease‐Activated Receptor 2 but Not Protease‐Activated Receptor 1 May Confer Protection Against Osteoarthritis in Mice Through Extracartilaginous Mechanisms
Authors: Jackson Miriam T. , Moradi Babak , Zaki Sanaa , Smith Margaret M. , McCracken Sharon , Smith Susan M. , Jackson Christopher J. , Little Christopher B. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo explore the involvement of protease‐activated receptor 1 (PAR‐1) and PAR‐2 in the pathologic processes of osteoarthritis (OA) and to identify the cells/tissues primarily affected by ablation of PAR‐1 or PAR‐2 in mice.MethodsOA was induced in the joints of wild‐type (WT), PAR‐1+/+, PAR‐1−/−, and PAR‐2−/− mice by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM), and scores of histologic features (cartilage aggrecan loss and erosion, subchondral bone sclerosis, osteophytes, and synovitis) were compared at 1, 4, and 8 weeks post‐DMM. The effects of PAR ablation on cartilage degradation and chondrocyte metalloproteinase expression/activity were studied in cultures of mouse femoral head tissue with or without interleukin‐1α (IL‐1α). At 1 week post‐DMM, synovial expression of cytokines and metalloproteinase genes was measured by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, and populations of inflammatory cells were quantified by flow cytometry.ResultsDeletion of PAR‐2, but not that of PAR‐1, in mice significantly delayed the progression of cartilage damage and inhibited subchondral bone sclerosis following DMM. There was no inhibitory effect of PAR‐1 or PAR‐2 ablation on IL‐1α–induced cartilage degradation or chondrocyte metalloproteinase expression/activation. A low but significant level of synovitis persisted in mice subjected to DMM compared to that in control mice subjected to sham surgery, but no differences between the genotypes were seen 4 or 8 weeks post‐DMM. One week after DMM, increased synovial expression of proinflammatory cytokines and metalloproteinase genes, along with increased levels of CD4+ T cells, inflammatory monocytes, and activated macrophages, were seen in all genotypes. However, there was a significant reduction in the percentage of activated macrophages in PAR‐2−/− mice compared to PAR‐1−/− and WT mice.ConclusionDeletion of PAR‐2, but not that of PAR‐1, results in a significant decrease in DMM‐induced cartilage damage. The chondroprotection in PAR‐2−/− mice appears to occur indirectly through modulation of extracartilaginous events such as subchondral bone remodeling and synovial macrophage activation, rather than through alteration of chondrocyte catabolic responses.