bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EMILY HOWARD'S LOVELACE TRILOGY: A MUSICAL HOMAGE TO A MATHEMATICAL PIONEER
Authors: Petri-Preis Axel 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWithAda Sketches, for mezzo-soprano, flute, clarinet and percussion,Mesmerism, for solo piano and chamber orchestra, andCalculus of the Nervous System, for large orchestra, in 2011 the young British composer Emily Howard completed a triptych of works in which she drew decisively on the life and thoughts of Ada Lovelace for inspiration. Today, Lovelace is recognized as a pioneer of 19th-Century mathematics, who in her lifetime attempted to bring together art and mathematics in Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine. She was convinced of the power of mesmerism and believed that there was a possible mathematical calculation for the human nervous system. This article shows how Emily Howard took up and developed musically these central threads of Lovelace's work in her ‘Lovelace Trilogy’.
‘RESONANCE AND DISTANCE’: SIMON BAINBRIDGE IN CONVERSATION
Authors: Miller Malcolm 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis interview, based on a conversation with Simon Bainbridge at London's City Literary Institute in June 2011, presents something of a rounded portrait of the composer while covering a good deal of ground. We began our conversation with a discussion of a recent work for orchestra, Concerti Grossi, going into some detail in matters of scoring and structure. The discussion then broadened to cover such topics as the creative process, formative influences (for example, his parents' activity in the visual arts, Debussy's Jeux, John Lambert and Gunther Schuller), instrumentation and the relationship of music and text. This led on specifically to Bainbridge's settings of Primo Levi, in for example the cycle Ad Ora Incerta, and to a consideration of the composer's relationship with the audience.
ROBIN WALKER AT 60
Authors: Matthews David 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe composer Robin Walker is 60 this year. David Matthews, who has known Walker and his music well since the composer was 23, gives an overview of his life and the development of his musical language from serial modernism to what Walker calls ‘modal chromaticism’ – essentially a renewal of tonality, with strong links to both Wagner and Sibelius. The thinking that led to this development, which is linked to Jungian psychology, is discussed, and there is an examination of five major works from Walker's extensive catalogue, including his seminal orchestral piece The Stone Maker.
Conducting linear chains of sulphur inside carbon nanotubes
Authors: Fujimori Toshihiko , Morelos-Gómez Aarón , Zhu Zhen , Muramatsu Hiroyuki , Futamura Ryusuke , Urita Koki , Terrones Mauricio , Hayashi Takuya , Endo Morinobu , Young Hong Sang , Chul Choi Young , Tománek David , Kaneko Katsumi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDespite extensive research for more than 200 years, the experimental isolation of monatomic sulphur chains, which are believed to exhibit a conducting character, has eluded scientists. Here we report the synthesis of a previously unobserved composite material of elemental sulphur, consisting of monatomic chains stabilized in the constraining volume of a carbon nanotube. This one-dimensional phase is confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Interestingly, these one-dimensional sulphur chains exhibit long domain sizes of up to 160 nm and high thermal stability (~800 K). Synchrotron X-ray diffraction shows a sharp structural transition of the one-dimensional sulphur occurring at ~450–650 K. Our observations, and corresponding electronic structure and quantum transport calculations, indicate the conducting character of the one-dimensional sulphur chains under ambient pressure. This is in stark contrast to bulk sulphur that needs ultrahigh pressures exceeding ~90 GPa to become metallic.
Pseudophosphatase STYX modulates cell-fate decisions and cell migration by spatiotemporal regulation of ERK1/2
Authors: Reiterer Veronika , Fey Dirk , Kolch Walter , Kholodenko Boris N. , Farhan Hesso 
Published: July 2013

Significance
The role of catalytically inactive phosphatases (pseudophosphatases) remains enigmatic. Using a combination of experiments and modeling, we identified the pseudophosphatase serine/threonine/tyrosine-interacting protein (STYX) as a nuclear anchor and modulator of ERK signaling. Thereby, STYX regulates the morphology of the Golgi apparatus and its polarization in migrating cells. Consequently, STYX influences directional cell motility, a process that determines the invasive and metastatic ability of cancer cells. By controlling spatiotemporal ERK signaling, STYX plays a role in cell-fate decisions, such as PC12 cell differentiation.
SICOP: identifying significant co-interaction patterns
Authors: Spitz Andreas , Zweig Katharina A. , Horvát Emőke-Ágnes 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Summary: Interactions between various types of molecules that regulate crucial cellular processes are extensively investigated by high-throughput experiments and require dedicated computational methods for the analysis of the resulting data. In many cases, these data can be represented as a bipartite graph because it describes interactions between elements of two different types such as the influence of different experimental conditions on cellular variables or the direct interaction between receptors and their activators/inhibitors. One of the major challenges in the analysis of such noisy datasets is the statistical evaluation of the relationship between any two elements of the same type. Here, we present SICOP (significant co-interaction patterns), an implementation of a method that provides such an evaluation based on the number of their common interaction partners, their so-called co-interaction. This general network analytic method, proved successful in diverse fields, provides a framework for assessing the significance of this relationship by comparison with the expected co-interaction in a suitable null model of the same bipartite graph. SICOP takes into consideration up to two distinct types of interactions such as up- or downregulation. The tool is written in Java and accepts several common input formats and supports different output formats, facilitating further analysis and visualization. Its key features include a user-friendly interface, easy installation and platform independence.
Availability: The software is open source and available at cna.cs.uni-kl.de/SICOP under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence (version 3 or later).
Contact: agnes.horvat@iwr.uni-heidelberg.de or zweig@cs.uni-kl.de
Despite Differences in Cytosolic Calcium Regulation, Lidocaine Toxicity Is Similar in Adult and Neonatal Rat Dorsal Root Ganglia In Vitro
Authors: Doan Lisa V. , Eydlin Olga , Piskoun Boris , Kline Richard P. , Recio-Pinto Esperanza , Rosenberg Andrew D. , Blanck Thomas J. J. , Xu Fang 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background:
Neuraxial local anesthetics may have neurological complications thought to be due to neurotoxicity. A primary site of action of local anesthetics is the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neuron. Physiologic differences have been noted between young and adult DRG neurons; hence, the authors examined whether there were any differences in lidocaine-induced changes in calcium and lidocaine toxicity in neonatal and adult rat DRG neurons.

Methods:
DRG neurons were cultured from postnatal day 7 (P7) and adult rats. Lidocaine-induced changes in cytosolic calcium were examined with the calcium indicator Fluo-4. Cells were incubated with varying concentrations of lidocaine and examined for viability using calcein AM and ethidium homodimer-1 staining. Live imaging of caspase-3/7 activation was performed after incubation with lidocaine.

Results:
The mean KCl-induced calcium transient was greater in P7 neurons (P < 0.05), and lidocaine significantly inhibited KCl-induced calcium responses in both ages (P < 0.05). Frequency distribution histograms of KCl-evoked calcium increases were more heterogeneous in P7 than in adult neurons. With lidocaine, KCl-induced calcium transients in both ages became more homogeneous but remained different between the groups. Interestingly, cell viability was decreased by lidocaine in a dose-dependent manner similarly in both ages. Lidocaine treatment also activated caspase-3/7 in a dose- and time-dependent manner similarly in both ages.

Conclusions:
Despite physiological differences in P7 and adult DRG neurons, lidocaine cytotoxicity is similar in P7 and adult DRG neurons in vitro. Differences in lidocaine- and KCl-evoked calcium responses suggest the similarity in lidocaine cytotoxicity involves other actions in addition to lidocaine-evoked effects on cytosolic calcium responses.
Effect of Fortifiers and Additional Protein on the Osmolarity of Human Milk
Authors: Kreissl Alexandra , Zwiauer Valentina , Repa Andreas , Binder Christoph , Haninger Natalja , Jilma Bernd , Berger Angelika , Haiden Nadja 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:The present guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend that osmolarity not exceed 450 mOsm/kg (or approximately an osmolarity of 400 mOsm/L) for breast milk or infant formulae, to minimize the risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis. A commercial protein supplement has been developed to meet special protein requirements (4.0–4.5 g · kg−1 · day−1) of infants with a birth weight <1000 g. Because its effect on osmolarity has not been systematically studied, we characterized the effects of fortification on the osmolarity of human milk (HM).Methods:Osmolarity of fresh and processed HM was measured at baseline, after fortification with a commercial HM fortifier and after further supplementation with additional protein increasing in 0.5‐g steps up to 4.0 g. Measurements were performed immediately after adding fortifier and/or protein and after 24 hours. In addition, changes in osmolarity were determined after adding therapeutic additives such as iron, multivitamin supplement, and calcium‐phosphorus capsules.Results:Native HM samples (n = 84) had 297 mOsm/L, (median; 95% confidence interval 295–299 mOsm/L). Adding HM fortifier increased osmolarity up to 436 mOsm/L (95% confidence interval 431–441 mOsm/L). Additional protein supplementation increased osmolarity by 23.5 mOsm/L per 0.5‐g step, up to a maximum of 605 mOsm/L. Pasteurization decreased osmolarity by 20–30 mOsm/L (P < 0.001), and storage for 24 hours slightly increased osmolarity (by 11.5 mOsm/L P = 0.0002). Therapeutic additives increased osmolarity up to 868 mOsm/L.Conclusions:Adding HM fortifier and additional protein to HM increased osmolarity to >400 mOsm/L and therefore above the recommended threshold. Because of the excessive increase in osmolarity combinations of HM + fortifier and additional protein should not be applied together with multivitamins or other additives.
Preschool Physical Activity and Functional Constipation
Authors: Driessen Lisa M. , Jong Jessica C. Kiefte‐de , Wijtzes Anne , de Vries Sanne I. , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , Hofman Albert , Raat Hein , Moll Henriette A. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:Decreased physical activity levels in children may partly explain the rising prevalence of functional constipation in childhood. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to examine the association between physical activity and functional constipation during the preschool period.Methods:This study was embedded in the Generation R study, a large prospective birth‐cohort study in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Physical activity was measured by an Actigraph accelerometer in 347 children (182 boys, 165 girls; mean age 25.1 months) and data were expressed as counts per minute. Data were categorized into light activity (302–614 counts/15 seconds), moderate activity (615–1230 counts/15 seconds), and vigorous activity (≥1231 counts/15 seconds). Functional constipation in the third and fourth year of life was defined according to the Rome II criteria.Results:Children spending time in the highest tertile of light (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13–0.87), moderate (adjusted OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.14–0.97), and total activity (adjusted OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.15–0.92) at the age of 2 years had significantly less functional constipation in the fourth year of life. For functional constipation in the third year of life, the results were in similar direction but not statistically significant. Additionally, children with physical activity of more than the WHO recommendation of 60 min/day had significantly less functional constipation in the fourth year of life (adjusted OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.24–0.97).Conclusions:Physical activity is associated with a decreased risk of functional constipation in the preschool period, but this may be time dependent.
Performance of multiple energy harvesting elements in a small‐scale windmill
Authors: Truyen Luong Hung , Seo Goo Nam 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of PCGEs used in a small‐scale windmill in terms of the number of PCGEs.Design/methodology/approachExperiments were performed in cases where one, two, or four PCGEs are attached to the frame of the windmill, with optimization of different gap distances between exciting and secondary magnets carried out to determine the optimal configuration for generating the peak voltage and harvesting the maximum wind energy for the same range of wind speeds.FindingsThe experimental results show that the prototype can harvest energy in urban regions with low wind speeds and convert the wasted wind energy into electricity for city use.Originality/valueThe experimental results show that the prototype can harvest energy in urban regions with low wind speeds and convert the wasted wind energy into electricity for city use.
Principals’ perceptions of “quality” in Mauritian schools using the Baldrige framework
Authors: Claude Ah‐Teck Jean , Starr Karen 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThis article aims to report the findings of a research project exploring Mauritian principals’ receptivity to the main tenets inherent in Total Quality Management (TQM). The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA) framework (aligned with, and an outcome of, the TQM movement) provides a set of criteria for organizational quality assessment and improvement in the business, healthcare and education sectors. Given the imperative to improve the quality of schools in Mauritius, this study was designed to investigate the usefulness of the widely accepted MBNQA framework in the Mauritian context.Design/methodology/approachA nationwide questionnaire survey of school principals explored the nature and strength of the Baldrige theory of relationships between leadership, systems and processes of primary and secondary schools and the ensuing outcomes. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted.FindingsThe findings indicate that Mauritian school leaders play a critical role in influencing school outcomes directly and indirectly through the inner workings of the schooling system.Research limitations/implicationsThe research relied on principals’ views as the unique source of data about school leadership. The perspectives of the other stakeholders within schools, including teachers, students and parents, should also count and would offer a richer description of leadership reality in Mauritian schools.Originality/valueThis is the first ever study assessing empirically the notion of “quality” in primary and secondary schools in Mauritius at the national level. It contributes new perspectives about leadership for school improvement.
Women secondary principals in Texas 1998 and 2011: movement toward equity
Authors: Marczynski Jean C. , Gates Gordon S. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze data gathered in 1998 and 2011 from representative samples of women secondary school principals in Texas to identify differences in personal, professional, leadership, and school characteristics.Design/methodology/approachTwo proportionate, random samples were drawn of women secondary principals 13 years apart. The Texas Education Directory provided the sampling frame and school data were downloaded from the Public Education Information Management System. Principals were sent surveys including measures of situational and distributed leadership as well as demographic questions. Response rates of 65 percent and 42 percent were achieved on the 1998 and 2011 surveys respectively.FindingsWhile the percentage of secondary schools led by women principals shows little change and is similar to previous research, a more nuanced examination of these women and their schools evidences progress. The diversity for women administrators has increased and women are more likely to hold positions in urban schools. Years of teaching experience has decreased and women appear to be entering the profession at a younger age. Change on both variables reflects averages for male principals. Leadership scores indicated lower adaptability and more directive styles for women in 2011; however, scores on the Distributed Leadership Inventory were high.Originality/valueSchools led by women in 2011 possessed a larger proportion of students of poverty but no differences were noted in school enrollment or student passing rates on accountability tests. The authors encourage districts to continue fair hiring policies and argue women have become more competitive for the large urban high school principalships.
Testing FMCG innovations: experimental real store versus virtual
Authors: Bressoud Etienne 
Published: July 2013

Purpose
– In order to cope with the challenge of developing successful fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) innovations, market research vendors offer several methodologies to test concepts. The purpose of this article is to examine the discrepancy between the well-established experimental real store methodology and the most recent of these alternative methodologies that is the virtual store.

Design/methodology/approach
– A parallel testing of a new adult cereal was conducted in France with 200 shoppers in each store.

Findings
– Results show that all attitudinal measurements are similar in terms of cognition and conation, but affect and behavior cannot be compared across both methodologies. In conclusion, virtual store testing is a new method that does not exactly fit with one of the previous.

Research limitations/implications
– The study is limited to a single product and should be generalized to more product categories.

Practical implications
– Virtual store should be used carefully in order to take capital expenditure decisions. It generates different attitudes and behaviors, but more research is needed in order to debate on predictability.

Originality/value
– With the emergence of virtual stores to test FMCG innovations, this paper is of high value for practitioners who have to proceed to several tests, with different objectives, before a product launch.
Adding value to insurance products: the AXA Irish experience
Authors: Brophy Richard 
Published: July 2013

Purpose
– While competition within car and home insurance increases through more players and also unfamiliar entrants to the market (supermarkets), the purpose of this paper is to report on a study of one large insurer in Ireland which attempts to differentiate itself from its peers.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper does this through a literature review of the insurance market and customer relationship management, and a detailed study of the company loyalty programme and its application to its customers.

Findings
– The loyalty programme employed suits the particular sector in terms of purchase intention and also gives the customer of the insurance brand a sense of belonging and relevance where they can avail themselves of savings on related products.

Research limitations/implications
– Information sourced is based on published data from the company and other peer reviewed journals. This is a study on a simple loyalty programme that can be applied to low frequency purchases.

Practical implications
– This simplified loyalty programme gives the brand high recognition values in terms of how the brand is made relevant to the customer through discounted related products.

Originality/value
– As loyalty programmes are not a usual feature of financial services, this paper highlights a unique programme in operation that is being replicated elsewhere.
Extending technology for market disruption: a case study
Authors: M. Notarantonio Elaine , J. Quigley Jr Charles 
Published: July 2013

Purpose
– In an environment that is hyper-dynamic and faced with economic turmoil, it is crucial that organizations identify innovative competitive strategy. Using principles from Clayton Christensen
'
s The Innovator
'
s Dilemma, KVH Industries embarked upon a strategic market planning mission. This paper aims to describe how this company successfully turned a competitive disadvantage to an advantage by examining the market mindset and utilizing disruptive innovation to introduce a new product.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper utilizes a case study to demonstrate successful application of disruptive innovation.

Findings
– A new evolutionary product was indicated in the research.

Research limitations/implications
– There may be some lack of generalizability due to this being a case study for a specific brand in a specific industry.

Practical implications
– It is unclear whether a revolutionary, rather than an evolutionary, product introduction would be more successful. Practitioners should recognize the competitive opportunities afforded through “disruptive innovation” strategies.

Originality/value
– This paper is of value to practitioners to see the success of one company
'
s dismissal of a revolutionary product introduction in favor of a product launch that represents a “just good enough” alternative to competitors
'
products. It also demonstrates that there are risks associated with using a brand extension approach rather than individual branding.
The relationship between entrepreneurial marketing and the characteristics of Thai hotels and their managers
Authors: Boonchoo Pattana , Wadeson Nigel , Tsang Denise 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore empirically whether there are meaningful relationships between key entrepreneurial marketing (EM) variables and the demographic characteristics of the organization and its manager.Design/methodology/approachThe data were gathered from a sample of 369 hotels from all regions of Thailand through the use of a postal survey. Several multiple regression models were used to test the relationships in the study. Interaction terms were added to some models to test the moderating effects of major demographic variables on various EM attributes.FindingsThe study shows which types of hotels and which types of managers were associated with EM characteristics. The results indicate that demographic characteristics, such as age, size, location, experience, and gender, significantly explain sets of entrepreneurial marketing variables. It was found, for instance, that both a young hotel and a large hotel are positively associated with entrepreneurial marketing, while owner management is positively associated with market orientation and negatively associated with growth aspirations but has no significant relationship with entrepreneurial orientation.Originality/valueThe paper provides a comprehensive overview of selected relationships between key EM dimensions in the existing literature. It is suggested that future research involves a more in‐depth exploration of some of the relationships found in this study.