bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute stress-related psychological impact in children following devastating natural disaster, the Sikkim earthquake (2011), India
Authors: Mondal Rakesh , Banerjee Indira , Sabui Tapas , Saren Abhisek , Sarkar Sumantra , Hazra Avijit , Majumder Debabrata , Dutta Sudip , Pan Partha 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
Background: Psychological stress following natural disaster is common. Despite several earthquakes in India, data on evaluation of acute stress among the child victims in the early postdisaster period is scarce. Immediately following a devastating earthquake (6.9 Richter) at Sikkim on September, 18 2011, many children attended North Bengal Medical College, the nearest government tertiary care institution, with unusual stress symptoms. Objective: Evaluation of acute stress symptoms in children in the immediate postearthquake period. Materials and Methods: This was a cross‑sectional study done over 4 weeks and includes all the children from 1 to 12 years presenting with unusual physical or behavioral symptoms. Those with major injuries requiring admission were excluded. They were divided into two age groups. For older children (8-12 years) the 8‑item Children Impact of Event Scale (CIES) was used for screening of stress. Unusual symptoms were recorded in younger children (1-8 years) as CIES is not validated < 8 years. Result: A total of 84 children (2.66%) out of 3154 had stress symptoms. Maximum attendance was noted in first 3 days (65.47%) and declined gradually. In children ≥ 8 years, 48.78% had psychological stress, which was statistically significant on CIES scores without any gender predilection. Static posturing (41.86%), sleeplessness (32.55%), anorexia (9.30%), recurrent vomiting (13.95%), excessive crying (13.95%), or night‑awakenings (4.65%) were found in younger children (n = 43) and three required admission. Conclusion: This study represent the first Indian data showing statistically significant psychological impact in older children (8-12 years) and various forms of physical stress symptoms in young children (1-8 years) following earthquake.
The role of lumbar puncture and pressure.lowering therapy for transverse dural sinus thrombosis
Authors: Grant Joshua , Carey Andrew , Margo Curtis , Reed Murtagh , Drucker Mitchell 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTTransverse (lateral) sinus thrombosis is a well-known complication of acute otitis media and mastoiditis in the pediatric and adult population. Thrombosis involving the transverse sinus can ultimately cause elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) as a result of decreased cerebrospinal fluid absorption. If treatment to lower ICP is not undertaken, it can lead to ophthalmological complications including irreversible vision loss. The following case report describes an 11-year-old girl who was diagnosed with AOM by her pediatrician and subsequently presented to the emergency department complaining of nausea, vomiting, headache, and diplopia.
Fourth ventricular ependymoma with a distant intraventricular metastasis: Report of a rare case
Authors: Ambekar Sudheer , Ranjan Manish , Somanna Sampath , Prasad Chandrajit , Santosh Vani 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTEpendymoma is one of the uncommon tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) in the adult age group. These tumors have a distinct propensity for metastasis, both within and outside the CNS. However, dissemination at the time of first presentation and retrograde dissemination of the tumor is rare. We report the case of a patient with fourth ventricular anaplastic ependymoma who presented with left lateral ventricular metastasis which was anatomically different from the primary tumor. We describe the clinic‑pathological detail of the patient and discuss the probable pathophysiological basis for this rare presentation and its significance in management of the patient.
Evaluation of outcome and prognostic factors in patients of glioblastoma multiforme: A single institution experience
Authors: Kumar Narendra , Kumar Pankaj , Angurana Shabab Lalit , Khosla Divya , Mukherjee Kanchan Kumar , Aggarwal Rupali , Kumar Ritesh , Bera Anjan , Sharma Suresh Chander 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
Aims: We present retrospective analysis of patients of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and discuss clinical characteristics, various treatment protocols, survival outcomes, and prognostic factors influencing survival. Materials and Methods: From January 2002 to June 2009, 439 patients of GBM were registered in our department. The median age of patients was 50 years, 66.1% were males, and 75% underwent complete or near-total excision. We evaluated those 360 patients who received radiotherapy (RT). Radiotherapy schedule was selected depending upon pre-RT Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS). Patients with KPS < 70 (Group I, n = 48) were planned for RT dose of 30-35 Gy in 10-15 fractions, and patients with KPS ≥ 70 (Group II, n = 312) were planned for 60 Gy in 30 fractions. In group I, six patients and in group II, 89 patients received some form of chemotherapy (lomustine or temozolomide). Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 12.0. Overall survival (OS) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors were determined by log rank test. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis. Results: The median follow-up was 7.53 months. The median and 2-year survival rates were 6.33 months and 2.24% for group I and 7.97 months and 8.21% for group II patients, respectively ( P = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, site of tumor (central vs. others; P = 0.006), location of tumor (parietal lobe vs. others; P = 0.003), RT dose (<60 Gy vs. 60 Gy; P = 0.0001), and use of some form of chemotherapy ( P = 0.0001) were independent prognostic factors for survival. Conclusions: In patients with GBM, OS and prognosis remains dismal. Whenever possible, we should use concurrent and/or adjuvant chemotherapy to maximize the benefits of post-operative radiotherapy. Patients with poor performance status may be considered for hypofractionated RT schedules, which have similar median survival rates as conventional RT.
Factors associated with death and predictors of one.month mortality from stroke in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Femi Owolabi Lukman , Mansur Nagoda 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
Background: In resource-poor setting, identification of predictors of death is of paramount importance for clinicians, so that specific therapies and management strategies can be applied to patients at high risk of dying. This study aims to determine the factors associated with death and predictors of in-patient mortality for stroke among a cohort of stroke patients in two tertiary centers in Northwestern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study of consecutive patients with acute stroke who were admitted to tertiary hospitals in northwestern Nigeria. A single observer, using pre-defined diagnostic criteria, recorded the information of interest including length of stay, outcome (dead or alive all through 30 days), time of death. Result: A total of 273 patients comprising 179 male and 94 female stroke patients were recruited. One hundred and seventy-four (63.7%) had infarctive stroke while 99 (36.3%) had hemorrhagic stroke (91 intracerebral and 8 sub-arachnoid hemorrhage). One-month mortality was 37%, and the majority was patients with hemorrhagic stroke (69.6%). About two-third (74.5%) of the mortalities occurred during the first week of the event. Logistic regression showed that severe systolic blood pressure, severe diastolic pressure, second or more episode of stroke, severe GCS, seizures, abnormal pupillary size, hemorrhagic stroke type, presence of aspiration pneumonitis, RBS > 200 mg/dl were independent predictors of mortality in stroke. Conclusion: The present study provides information on factors associated with death in stroke. GCS < 8, seizures, abnormal pupillary size, hemorrhagic stroke, aspiration pneumonitis were independent predictors of mortality.
Equilateral Sets and a Schütte Theorem for
the 4-norm
Authors: Swanepoel Konrad J. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA well-known theorem of Schütte (1963) gives a sharp lower bound for the ratio of the maximum and minimum distances between n + 2 points in n-dimensional Euclidean space. In this note we adapt Bárány’s elegant proof (1994) of this theorem to the space . This gives a new proof that the largest cardinality of an equilateral set in is n + 1 and gives a constructive bound for an interval (4–εn, 4 + εn) of values of p close to 4 for which it is known that the largest cardinality of an equilateral set in is n + 1.
Simulation of Power-Law Fluid Flows in Two-Dimensional Square Cavity Using Multi-Relaxation-Time Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Li Qiuxiang , Hong Ning , Shi Baochang , Chai Zhenhua 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn this paper, the power-law fluid flows in a two-dimensional square cavity are investigated in detail with multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method (MRT-LBM). The influence of the Reynolds number (Re) and the power-law index (n) on the vortex strength, vortex position and velocity distribution are extensively studied. In our numerical simulations, Re is varied from 100 to 10000, and n is ranged from 0.25 to 1.75, covering both cases of shear-thinning and shear-thickening. Compared with the Newtonian fluid, numerical results show that the flow structure and number of vortex of power-law fluid are not only dependent on the Reynolds number, but also related to power-law index.
Ultrasonography and Birth Defects
Authors: Rao JP , Tomar Sakshi , Bora Rishabh , Bora Neharika Malhotra 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
Birth defects are major global problems. Even in developed countries, the incidence of birth defects has not reduced.
The prevalence of birth defects diagnosable (65%) and preventable (2.5%). Ultrasound screening is a very reliable tool for assessing birth defects.
A well done genetic scan at 11 to 14 weeks and at 22 weeks (TIFFA) can accurately detect over 85% of birth defects.
With the advent of 3D and 4D ultrasound, the accuracy for functional defects has also increased.
With the advent of 3D and 4D ultrasound, the accuracy for functional defects has also increased.
Each pregnancy deserves a prenatal diagnostic test and ultrasound is a near ideal diagnostic test to be applied, to large
pregnant population, specially in developing countries

How to cite this article
Malhotra N, Malhotra J, Tomar S, Malhotra Bora N, Rao JP, Bora R, Malhotra K. Ultrasonography and Birth Defects. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(2):149-159.
USG Role in Perinatal Infection
Authors: Ebrashy Alaa 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
Prenatal diagnosis can aid the obstetrician in evaluating a mother with suspected infection that can be transmitted to the fetus. The ultrasound (US) can exclude or identify anatomical defects of fetal heart, brain, detect thoracic or abdominal lesions, evaluate the liver and spleen volume, determine the degree of hemodynamic disturbance and suggest anemia. Congenital infections present with a wide spectrum of US markers and lesions, it may present as early pregnancy loss, nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF), fetal growth restriction, CNS lesions, cardiothoracic lesions and lesions of the GIT.
Role of US-guided invasive procedures in fetal infections includes amniocentesis-chorionic villus sampling, percutaneous umbilical blood sampling.

How to cite this article
Ebrashy A. USG Role in Perinatal Infection. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(2):160-167.
Asymptomatic Simple Ovarian Cyst in Postmenopausal Women: Syndrome of ‘Visible Ovary’
Authors: Busse Raydeen , Zalud Ivica , Kurjak Biserka Funduk 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
Simple cysts of the ovary are quite common, with a prevalence of 5 to 17%. Advances in the technology of ultrasound and the increasing frequency of use of TVS has made it all the more important to have knowledge of the natural history of simple asymptomatic postmenopausal cysts. Previously, due to the paucity of data, postmenopausal women with asymptomatic simple cysts were managed much too aggressively. Current available data suggest a more conservative approach with serial ultrasounds, Doppler evaluation and CA-125 levels. Further studies are needed in order to have definitive guidelines for the gynecologic practitioner.

How to cite this article
Zalud I, Busse R, Kurjak BF. Asymptomatic Simple Ovarian Cyst in Postmenopausal Women: Syndrome of ‘Visible Ovary’. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(2):182-186.
The Assessment of Fetal Behavior of a Fetus with Lissencephaly by 4D Ultrasound
Authors: Yi҇iter Alin Ba͑gül , Gönenç Gökçenur , İŞḈi Herman , Güdücü Nilgün 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
Lissencephaly is malformation of gyral and sulcal structures of the cerebrum as a result of abnormal neuronal migration. The most common clinical manifestations of lissencephaly are severe psychomotor retardation, developmental defects, seizures, failure to thrive, and infant or early childhood deaths. Because direct assessment of functional development of the central nervous system in fetus and infant is not feasible, patients with lissencephaly who survive infancy are usually not diagnosed until childhood. Recently, the analysis of fetal behavior has been proposed as a measure of neurological maturation, which would be valuable in the diagnostic pathway of lissencephaly. In our knowledge the assessment of fetal behavior in a fetus with lissencephaly was not published yet in the literature.

How to cite this article
Yi—iter AB, Gönenç G, ¤Õçi H, Güdücü N. The Assessment of Fetal Behavior of a Fetus with Lissencephaly by 4D Ultrasound. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(2):208-212.
Ultrasound Assessment of Postpartum Fever
Authors: Tie Wayne , Tajnert Kathrene , O'Neill Thomas J 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
Postpartum fever and infection remain a significant cause of morbidity in postpartum period. Ultrasound is useful for assessment of the patients who present with temperature elevation, vaginal bleeding, pelvic and/or abdominal pain and signs of infection. Sonography can also be used to detect mastitis and breast abscess. Different types of imaging may be used in patients with refractory fever from suspected pyelonephritis, renal abscess and deep vein thrombosis. This article presents a variety of case scenarios regarding the postpartum fever. By using illustrative images the learner will be able to differentiate between the most common causes of postpartum fever, and will be able to identify typical B-mode, color Doppler, and CT images that require immediate antibiotic and/or invasive treatment.

How to cite this article
Tajnert K, Tie W, O'Neill TJ, Plavsic SK. Ultrasound Assessment of Postpartum Fever. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(2):219-230.
Divergent Approaches to Health-related Behavior Change: Pampering under NACP vs Persecution under RCH II
Authors: Singh Amarjeet , Jeyashree Kathiresan , Kathirvel Soundappan 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
Reproductive and Child Health Program II (RCH II) is essentially the largest program within the gamut of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) in India which aims to improve the maternal and child health indicators of the country. The program has evolved through various strategies and witnessed major policy changes that range from training traditional birth attendants (TBAs) to targeting 100% institutional deliveries. The TBAs who were earlier encouraged have almost eclipsed into extinction in the movement toward abolishing the practice of home deliveries. A contrasting scenario is observed in the strategies adopted under the NACP (National AIDS Control Program) like condom promotion and needle exchange which attempt to make the risky behavior safer. Applying the same rationale of NACP to RCH, one can justify the earlier practice of training TBAs and providing them with sterile kits to make home deliveries safer. While different strokes are required to solve different problems a difference in the fundamental ideology of two major National Health Programs has to be justified with solid evidence base.

How to cite this article
Jeyashree K, Kathirvel S, Singh A. Divergent Approaches to Health-related Behavior Change: Pampering under NACP vs Persecution under RCH II J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(3):148-149.
Carcinoma Expleomorphic Adenoma of the Submandibular Gland
Authors: Kudpaje Akshay , Gupta Sumit , Naik Sudhir , Halkud Rajshekar , Biswas Siddharth , Shenoy Ashok M , Chavan Purshottam , Kalloli Mahesh 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives
Carcinoma expleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is a rare neoplasm of the salivary gland which arises in the epithelial component of a pleomorphic adenoma. It is not automatically a high-grade tumor as is traditionally suggested and should be further qualified as to type, grade of carcinoma and extent, since intracapsular and minimally invasive tumors behave favorably.

Setting
Department of Head and Neck oncosurgery, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru.

Case Report
A 38-year-old female was referred to our outpatient clinic with history of a painless swelling in the left side of the neck since 8 years. Fine needle aspiration revealed carcinoma of the submandibular gland. Contrast enhanced CT revealed a large heterogeneously enhancing mass lesion in the submandibular fossa with the gland not seen separately. Lymph nodes in level Ib and II were enlarged. Excision of the tumor revealed CXPA with foci of high grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Conclusion
CXPA should no longer be considered a specific diagnosis but a category in which the carcinoma should be typed, graded and quantitated to impart more prognostically and therapeutically relevant data for efficient management.

How to cite this article
Naik SM, Shenoy AM, Chavan P, Halkud R, Biswas S, Kalloli M, Gupta S, kudpaje A. Carcinoma Expleomorphic Adenoma of the Submandibular Gland. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(3):162-166.
Avaliação da capacidade para o trabalho dos trabalhadores de enfermagem de pronto-socorro
Authors: Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza , Beck Carmem Lúcia Colomé , Greco Patrícia Bitencourt Toscani , Tavares Juliana Petri , Prochnow Andrea , Silva Rosângela Marion da 
Published: August 2013

doi: 10.5216/ree.v15i2.15344 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/ree.v15i2.15344 RESUMO Este estudo objetivou avaliar a capacidade para o trabalho dos trabalhadores de enfermagem de um pronto-socorro, relacionando-a com características individuais e laborais. Estudo transversal, que envolveu 68 trabalhadores de um hospital universitário do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Utilizou-se a versão brasileira de um questionário padronizado para o cálculo do Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho. Como resultado, destaca-se que 42,9% dos trabalhadores foram classificados com reduzida capacidade para o trabalho. As doenças diagnosticadas com maior frequência, nos últimos 12 meses, foram: infecções repetidas do trato respiratório, lesão nas costas; varizes; distúrbio emocional leve; problemas de visão e doença da parte superior das costas ou região do pescoço, com dores frequentes. Conclui-se que o elevado percentual de trabalhadores com reduzida capacidade laboral assinala a importância da adoção de medidas interventivas na estrutura organizacional para promover/restaurar a capacidade, na perspectiva da melhoria nas condições de trabalho e de saúde. Descritores: Enfermagem em Emergência; Saúde do Trabalhador; Avaliação da Capacidade de Trabalho; Condições de Trabalho; Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência.
Interferências do tratamento para neoplasias no desempenho sexual de mulheres
Authors: Sant'Ana Ricardo Souza Evangelista , Santos Ana Dulce Santana dos , Bity Ana Beatriz Santos , Matos Renata Mota 
Published: August 2013

doi: 10.5216/ree.v15i2.16649 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/ree.v15i2.16649 RESUMO Objetivou-se investigar o desempenho sexual de mulheres com câncer e conhecer como a imagem corporal interfere na sexualidade de mulheres durante o tratamento de neoplasias. Pesquisa qualitativa com doze mulheres em tratamento para o câncer, realizada na unidade ambulatório de oncologia em um hospital filantrópico da cidade de Salvador-BA, em maio de 2011. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo descrita por Bardin. A partir das análises das entrevistas, emergiram duas categorias: sexualidade antes do tratamento para neoplasia e sexualidade durante o tratamento para neoplasia, e uma subcategoria: imagem corporal na vivência da sexualidade. Conclui-se que é de extrema relevância a atuação do enfermeiro, tanto na prática assistencial quanto nas orientações pertinentes às alterações do padrão sexual e da imagem corporal durante e após o tratamento do câncer, contribuindo, assim, para a qualidade de vida e estimulando os pacientes a tentar usufruir de uma vida sexual satisfatória. Descritores: Enfermagem Oncológica; Sexualidade; Terapêutica; Mulheres.
Conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre a ciclofosfamida em um hospital universitário
Authors: Monteiro Lidiane Aparecida , Chaves Dagmar Da Costa Esteves , Figueiredo Letícia Florêncio de 
Published: August 2013

doi: 10.5216/ree.v15i2.16654 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/ree.v15i2.16654 RESUMO Estudo descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, realizado em um Hospital Universitário do Sul de Minas Gerais, com o objetivo de verificar o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre a Ciclofosfamida, identificando a categoria profissional que a manipula, quais os Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPIs) são utilizados durante a manipulação e se estes profissionais receberam treinamento. Pesquisa realizada entre Junho e Setembro de 2011, com 151 profissionais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários e, após, tabulados manualmente, descritos e apresentados em figuras com valores absolutos e percentuais. Os resultados indicaram que tais profissionais possuem conhecimento limitado sobre a Ciclofosfamida, sendo que 52 souberam classificá-la e apenas 19 afirmaram que deve ser utilizado Equipamentos de Proteção Individual durante sua manipulação; quatro profissionais receberam capacitação, entretanto, oito profissionais manipularam a droga. Os resultados sugerem implementação de medidas educativas a fim de minimizar os riscos ocupacionais causados pela manipulação indevida da Ciclofosfamida. Descritores: Ciclofosfamida; Enfermagem; Riscos Ocupacionais.
Impacto do diagnóstico pré-natal (DPN) citogenético e ansiedade materna sobre a interação precoce mãe-bebê
Authors: Nunes Maria do Céu Diogo 
Published: August 2013

doi: 10.5216/ree.v15i2.16747 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/ree.v15i2.16747. RESUMO O presente estudo de natureza longitudinal teve como objetivo estudar a influência que o diagnóstico pré-natal citogenético pode exercer sobre a ansiedade materna, a adaptação à gravidez e a relação precoce mãe-bebê, particularmente em grávidas de idade materna avançada. A amostra incidiu sobre 3 grupos de gestantes: G1 selecionadas para amniocentese (?35 anos); G2 selecionadas para amniocentese por rastreio (<35 anos); G3 gestantes (20-34 anos) não selecionadas, e decorreu entre Março de 2008 e Maio de 2009. Os resultados revelaram que a expectativa de realização do exame citogenético conduz a um aumento da ansiedade-estado mais significativo entre as mulheres propostas para teste após rastreio positivo; a ansiedade-estado evidenciada pelas mães é mediadora da relação entre a interação mãe-bebê e os sentimentos face à gravidez. Estes resultados permitem fundamentar recomendações no sentido de efetuar uma intervenção profilática entre as mães que, durante a gravidez, reagiram com maior ansiedade ao exame. Descritores: Gravidez; Amniocentese; Ansiedade; Recém-nascido; Comportamento Materno.