bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AFM characterisation of sol‐gel TiO2 films deposited on stainless steel
Authors: Ćurković L. , Salopek S. , Šegota S. , Majić Renjo M. , Tomić T. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractOne‐layer, two‐layer and three‐layer titania films on AISI 304 stainless steel were deposited by sol‐gel process and dip‐coating method. Two sols were prepared by using titanium isopropoxide as a precursor, propanol as a solvent, nitric acid as a catalyst and acetylacetone for peptization. Both of the prepared sols contained the same amount of mentioned components, the only difference was in the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as templating reagent to one of the sols. After calcination at 550°C, deposited films on the stainless steel substrate were characterized by atomic force microscope (AFM). Influence of layer number as well as addition of polyethylene glycol on morphology of titania films was analysed and discussed. Generally, by increasing the number of layers and by addition of polyethylene glycol, roughness parameters increase by changing surface topography. The surface topography analysis is very important when choosing the adequate industrial application of prepared layers.
Bending rotation HCF testing of pseudoelastic Ni‐Ti shape memory alloys
Authors: Rahim M. , Frenzel J. , Frotscher M. , Heuwer B. , Hiebeler J. , Eggeler G. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn the present work, a computer‐controlled test rig for simultaneous fatigue testing of several pseudoelastic NiTi wires through bending rotation is described. Bending rotation fatigue (BRF) testing represents a displacement‐controlled experiment where a straight wire is bent into a semi‐circle und forced to rotate around its axis. Thus, each point on the wire surface is subjected to alternating tension and compression. A test rig, which allows to control loading amplitudes, rotation frequencies and temperatures is described. We report preliminary results of an experimental program, which aims for a better understanding of fatigue lives, crack initiation, and crack growth in pseudoelastic NiTi wires. It was found that a good surface quality is of utmost importance to avoid early crack initiation. Wöhler curves of pseudoelastic NiTi wires typically show two different regimes depending on the maximum imposed surface strain during bending rotation fatigue testing. Larger strain amplitudes, which are associated with macroscopic formation of stress‐induced martensite, result in relatively low fatigue lives (LCF regime). In contrast, cycle numbers exceeding 107 were obtained for strain amplitudes where no large scale stress‐induced formation of martensite occurred (HCF regime).
Manufacturing of quality optimized linear flow split parts by variation of fast modifiable process parameters and their influence on material characteristics
Authors: Ludwig C. , Hammen V. , Groche P. , Kaune V. , Müller C. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDas Massivumformverfahren Spaltprofilieren befindet sich auf dem Übergang von der Forschung unter Laborbedingungen in die industrielle Anwendung. Dadurch rücken Fragestellungen zur Prozesssicherheit bei hohen Produktionsgeschwindigkeiten und variierenden Schmierzuständen in den Mittelpunkt wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen. Neben den zu erwartenden Änderungen der Geometriegrößen sind vor allem werkstoffseitige Beeinflussungen von Interesse. In diesem Artikel wird daher zunächst eine quantitative Beschreibung des Einflusses von Bandgeschwindigkeit, Bandzug und Schmiermenge auf die Profilgeometrie gegeben. Hierbei wird bewertet, inwieweit eine Beeinflussung der Bauteilgeometrie durch Variieren der Prozessgrößen erfolgt. Des Weiteren werden die bei unterschiedlichen Prozessbedingungen zu beobachtenden Gefügecharakteristika, Härteverläufe und Texturen der spaltprofilierten Halbzeuge dargestellt. Durch Verwendung statistischer Methoden, insbesondere der uni‐ und multivariaten Regressionsanalyse, wird abschließend auf Basis der experimentellen Ergebnisse eine analytische Beschreibung zur Vorhersage sich einstellender Bauteilgeometrien hergeleitet. Diese eröffnet die Möglichkeit einer gezielten Steuerung der Bauteilgeometrie durch die identifizierten Einflussgrößen.
Measurement of costs and scales for outcome evaluation in health economic studies of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Dodel Richard , Jönsson Bengt , Reese Jens Peter , Winter Yaroslav , Martinez‐Martin Pablo , Holloway Robert , Sampaio Cristina , Růžička Evžen , Hawthorne Graeme , Oertel Wolfgang , Poewe Werner , Stebbins Glenn , Rascol Oliver , Goetz Christopher G. , Schrag Anette 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTHealth economic studies in Parkinson's disease (PD) have become increasingly common in recent years. Because several methodologies and instruments have been used to assess cost and outcomes in PD, the Movement Disorder Society (MDS) commissioned a Task Force to assess their properties and make recommendations regarding their use. A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the use of those instruments in PD and to determine which should be selected for this review. We assessed approaches to evaluatecost of illness(COI),cost effectiveness, andcost utilities, which include the use of direct (standard gamble, time trade‐off. and visual analogue scales) and indirect instruments to measure health status and utilities. No validated instruments/models were identified for the evaluation of COI or cost‐effectiveness in patients with PD; therefore, no instruments in this group are recommended. Among utility instruments, only a few of these outcome instruments have been used in the PD population, and only limited psychometric data are available for these instruments with respect to PD. Because psychometric data for further utility instruments in conditions other than PD already exist, the standard gamble and time trade‐off methods and the EQ‐5D (a European quality‐of‐life health states instrument) and Health Utility Index instruments met the criteria for scales that are “recommended (with limitations),” but only the EQ‐5D has been assessed in detail in PD patients. The MDS Task Force recommends further study of these instruments in the PD population to establish core psychometric properties. For the assessment of COI, the Task Force considers the development of a COI instrument specifically for PD, like that available for Alzheimer's disease. © 2013MovementDisorder Society
cDNA cloning, localization, and candidate binding partners of acid‐extractable vitelline‐coat protein Ci‐v‐Themis‐like in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis
Authors: Otsuka Kei , Yamada Lixy , Sawada Hitoshi 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYAscidians are hermaphrodites, although several ascidian species show self‐sterility because of the occurrence of a self/nonself‐recognition system called the self‐incompatibility system. We previously reported that two pairs of sperm polycystin 1‐like receptors, s‐Themis‐A and s‐Themis‐B, and egg fibrinogen‐like ligands, v‐Themis‐A and v‐Themis‐B, are responsible for self‐incompatibility in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Our previous results showed that v‐Themis‐A and v‐Themis‐B were hardly extracted from the vitelline coat (VC) by acid treatment, which is not in accordance with a report that an acid‐extractable VC factor has the ability to distinguish self‐ from nonself‐sperm. These results led us to explore a novel factor from acid‐extractable VC proteins that could be involved in self‐incompatibility. Here, we report cDNA cloning, expression, and localization of Ci‐v‐Themis‐like, a major acid‐extractable VC protein. This protein has a fibrinogen‐like domain, as do v‐Themis‐A and v‐Themis‐B, but it showed no polymorphisms. Phylogenic analysis suggested that Ci‐v‐Themis‐like is an ancestral protein of v‐Themis‐A and v‐Themis‐B. Whole mount in situ hybridization revealed that Ci‐v‐Themis‐like mRNA is expressed in the ovary and testis. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed the occurrence of Ci‐v‐Themis‐like in developing oocytes and on the VC of mature eggs. Yeast two‐hybrid screenings using testis and ovary libraries revealed candidate interacting proteins; among these candidates, we succeeded in identifying several testis‐specific proteins, including sperm proteases and coiled‐coil‐domain‐containing proteins. The results suggest that Ci‐v‐Themis‐like and its binding partners are involved in sperm binding to the VC prior to the allorecognition process during C. intestinalis fertilization. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 80: 840–848, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nondestructive identification of multiple flaws using XFEM and a topologically adapting artificial bee colony algorithm
Authors: Sun Hao , Waisman Haim , Betti Raimondo 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYWe present a novel algorithm based on the extended finite element method (XFEM) and an enhanced artificial bee colony (EABC) algorithm to detect and quantify multiple flaws in structures. The concept is based on recent work that have shown the excellent synergy between XFEM, used to model the forward problem, and a genetic‐type algorithm to solve an inverse identification problem and converge to the ‘best’ flaw parameters.In this paper, an adaptive algorithm that can detect multiple flaws without any knowledge on the number of flaws beforehand is proposed. The algorithm is based on the introduction of topological variables into the search space, used to adaptively activate/deactivate flaws during run time until convergence is reached. The identification is based on a limited number of strain sensors assumed to be attached to the structure surface boundaries. Each flaw is approximated by a circular void with the following three variables: center coordinates (xc, yc) and radius (rc), within the XFEM framework. In addition, the proposed EABC scheme is improved by a guided‐to‐best solution updating strategy and a local search (LS) operator of the Nelder–Mead simplex type that show fast convergence and superior global/LS abilities compared with the standard ABC or classic genetic algorithms.Several numerical examples, with increasing level of difficulty, are studied in order to evaluate the proposed algorithm. In particular, we consider identification of multiple flaws with unknown a priori information on the number of flaws (which makes the inverse problem harder), the proximity of flaws, flaws having irregular shapes (similar to artificial noise), and the effect of structured/unstructured meshes. The results show that the proposed XFEM–EABC algorithm is able to converge on all test problems and accurately identify flaws. Hence, this methodology is found to be robust and efficient for nondestructive detection and quantification of multiple flaws in structures. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Grid dispersion analysis of plane square biquadratic serendipity finite elements in transient elastodynamics
Authors: Kolman R. , Plešek J. , Okrouhlík M. , Gabriel D. 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYThe spatial discretisation of a continuum by the FEM introduces dispersion errors to the numerical solution of stress wave propagation. Errors of phase and group velocities and the scatter of wave propagation are induced. When these propagating phenomena are modelled by the FEM, the speed of a single harmonic wave depends on its frequency. Parasitic effects do not exist in an ‘ideal’ unbounded continuum. With higher order finite elements, there are optical modes in the spectrum resulting in spurious oscillations of stress and velocity distributions near the sharp wavefronts. In principle, the dispersion errors and the spurious oscillations cannot be removed from these solutions but can be suppressed to a certain extent. For reliable numerical solutions by the FEM, the dispersion errors should be analysed and determined. The dispersion properties of a plane square biquadratic serendipity finite element are examined and compared with a bilinear one. Dispersion analysis is carried out for the consistent and lumped mass matrices. A dispersive ‘improved’ lumped mass matrix for biquadratic serendipity elements is proposed. The paper closes with the recommendation of a choice of permissible dimensionless wavelengths for bilinear and biquadratic serendipity finite element meshes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A direct analytical method to extract mixed‐mode components of strain energy release rates from Irwin's integral using extended finite element method
Authors: Lan M. , Waisman H. , Harari I. 
Published: July 2013

SUMMARYA new analytical approach, within the extended finite element framework, is proposed to compute mixed‐mode components of strain energy release rates directly from Irwin's integral. Crack tip enrichment functions in extended FEM allow for evaluation of integral quantities in closed form (for some crack configurations studied) and therefore resulting in a simple and accurate method.Several benchmark examples on pure and mixed‐mode problems are studied. In particular, we analyze the effects of high‐order enrichments, mesh refinement, and the integration limits of Irwin's integral. The results indicate that high‐order enrichment functions have significant effect on the convergence, in particular when the integral limits are finite. When the integral limits tend to zero, simpler strain energy release rate expressions are obtained, and high‐order terms vanish. Nonetheless, these terms contribute indirectly via coefficients of first‐order terms.The numerical results show that high accuracy can be achieved with high‐order enrichment terms and mesh refinement. However, the effect of the integral limits remains an open question, with finite integration intervals chosen as h ∕ 2 tending to give more accurate results. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intrauterine red cell transfusion for anti‐Kell isoimmunization in a fetus with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
Authors: Unterscheider Julia , Ryan Helen , Morrison John J. , Malone Fergal D. 
Published: July 2013

What's already known about this topic?

Both diseases, Glanzmann's thrombasthenia and Kell isoimmunization, are well described.What does this study add?

This is the first case report that describes the coexistence of fetal anemia due to Kell sensitization in the presence of a platelet dysfunction disorder. It highlights the difficulties of optimal prenatal management and the poor outcome that occurred for this fetus related to cordocentesis, for this combined set of circumstances.
Total serum glycan analysis is superior to lectin‐FLISA for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Comunale Mary Ann , Wang Mengjun , Anbarasan Nikhil , Betesh Lucy , Karabudak Aykan , Moritz Ethan , Devarajan Karthik , Marrero Jorge , Block Timothy M. , Mehta Anand 
Published: July 2013

PurposeHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary cancer of the liver that is predominantly the result of infection with a hepatotropic virus such as hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus. As liver cancer is often asymptomatic, the development of sensitive noninvasive biomarkers is needed for early detection and improved survival.Experimental designWe have previously identified alterations in the N‐linked glycosylation of serum proteins with the development of HCC and identified many of the proteins that contained the altered glycosylation. In the current study, we compared the ability of the identified proteins to diagnose HCC with the total serum glycan analysis.ResultsSurprisingly, glycan analysis of total serum had the greatest ability to distinguish HCC from cirrhosis with an AUROC of 0.851, a sensitivity of 73% at a specificity of 88%. When total glycan sequencing was combined with alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP), the sensitivity increased to 95% at a specificity of 90%.Conclusion and clinical relevanceChanges in glycosylation as detected in whole serum could be used to diagnose HCC with greater sensitivity and specificity than that observed through the analysis of specific protein glycoforms or protein levels. Such an assay could have value in the management of those at risk for the development of HCC.
Infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy of group I and group II metal complexes with Boc‐hydroxylamine
Authors: Dain Ryan P. , Gresham Gary , Groenewold Gary S. , Steill Jeffrey D. , Oomens Jos , Van Stipdonk Michael J. 
Published: July 2013

RATIONALEHydroxamates are essential growth factors for some microbes, acting primarily as siderophores that solubilize iron for transport into a cell. Here we determined the intrinsic structure of 1:1 complexes between Boc‐protected hydroxylamine and group I ([M(L)]+) and group II ([M(L‐H)]+) cations, where M and L are the cation and ligand, respectively, which are convenient models for the functional unit of hydroxamate siderphores.METHODSThe relevant complex ions were generated by electrospray ionization (ESI) and isolated and stored in a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT‐ICR) mass spectrometer. Infrared spectra of the isolated complexes were collected by monitoring (infrared) photodissociation yield as a function of photon energy. Experimental spectra were then compared to those predicted by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.RESULTSThe infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectra collected are in good agreement with those predicted to be lowest‐energy by DFT. The spectra for the group I complexes contain six resolved absorptions that can be attributed to amide I and II type and hydroxylamine N‐OH vibrations. Similar absorptions are observed for the group II cation complexes, with shifts of the amide I and amide II vibrations due to the change in structure with deprotonation of the hydroxylamine group.CONCLUSIONSIRMPD spectroscopy unequivocally shows that the intrinsic binding mode for the group I cations involves the O atoms of the amide carbonyl and hydroxylamine groups of Boc‐hydroxylamine. A similar binding mode is preferred for the group II cations, except that in this case the metal ion is coordinated by the O atom of the deprotonated hydroxylamine group. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Treatment of Vestibulodynia with Topical Estradiol and Testosterone
Authors: Burrows Lara J. , Goldstein Andrew T. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Introduction.
Combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) use is becoming an increasingly recognized causes of vestibulodynia.

Aim.
This study aims to describe pre- and posttreatment vestibular pain, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and calculated free testosterone levels in women undergoing treatment for vestibulodynia.

Methods.
This was a chart review of 50 premenopausal women who presented with vestibular pain while currently using CHCs. Pre- and posttreatment vestibular pain, SHBG, and calculated free testosterone levels were assessed.

Results.
There was a statistically significant improvement in posttreatment vestibular pain scores (P = 0.001), SHBG (P = 0.001), and calculated free testosterone (P = 0.001) levels from baseline.

Conclusion.
Women with vestibulodynia that began while on CHC may effectively be treated by discontinuing the CHC combined with the application topical hormone therapy. Symptomatic improvement is accompanied by normalization of calculated free testosterone and SHBG values.
Verification and validation of an actuator disc model
Authors: Réthoré Pierre‐Elouan , van der Laan Paul , Troldborg Niels , Zahle Frederik , Sørensen Niels N. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTWind turbine wake can be studied in computational fluid dynamics with the use of permeable body forces (e.g. actuator disc, line and surface). This paper presents a general flexible method to redistribute wind turbine blade forces as permeable body forces in a computational domain. The method can take any kind of shape discretization, determine the intersectional elements with the computational grid and use the size of these elements to redistribute proportionally the forces. This method can potentially reduce the need for mesh refinement in the region surrounding the rotor and, therefore, also reduce the computational cost of large wind farm wake simulations. The special case of the actuator disc is successfully validated with an analytical solution for heavily loaded turbines and with a full‐rotor computation in computational fluid dynamics. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real‐time deformed shape estimation of a wind turbine blade using distributed fiber Bragg grating sensors
Authors: Kim Hong‐Il , Han Jae‐Hung , Bang Hyung‐Joon 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis study presents a real‐time shape estimation technique based on measured strains at multiple points. For the measurement of multiple strain data, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are used because of their excellent strain accuracy and multiplexing capability with minimal mechanical loading. The displacement‐strain relation of a blade structure is systematically formulated using a finite element model, where the locations and directions of the FBG sensors are taken into account. Because there could be unavoidable modeling uncertainties, the operational modal analysis is also introduced to construct a displacement‐strain transformation matrix. In the laboratory, the developed technique is applied to a wind turbine blade in which the FBG sensors are embedded. The blade deformation is reconstructed using the proposed method when the blade is subjected to static and vibratory loadings. At the same time, a stereo pattern recognition system consisting of eight cameras directly captures the deformation of the blade to validate the estimated blade shapes. For various loading cases, the estimated results of the blade shape agree very well with the reference measurements. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surgeon Elective Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair Volume and Outcomes of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair: A 12‐year Nationwide Study
Authors: Chen Chun‐Ku , Chang Hsiao‐Ting , Chen Yu‐Chun , Chen Tzeng‐Ji , Chen I‐Ming , Shih Chun‐Che 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of surgeon elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair volume on outcomes after ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) repair.MethodsA nationwide claims database was used to identify patients who underwent rAAA repair from 1998 to 2009. Surgeon elective open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EAR) volume was classified as low, medium, or high. Associations between surgeon EAR volume and in‐hospital mortality, overall survival, and complications after open rAAA repair (RAR) were compared with multivariate analysis. Associations between surgeon elective endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EER) volume and outcomes after endovascular rAAA repair (RER) were also analyzed.ResultsA total of 537 patients who underwent rAAA repair were identified, including 498 who underwent RAR and 39 who underwent RER. In‐hospital mortality rates after RAR were 49, 38, and 24 % in the low, medium, and high EAR volume groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Patients in the low surgeon EAR volume group had higher in‐hospital mortality than those in the high surgeon EAR volume group [odds ratio 3.39, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.52, 7.59; p = 0.003]. Patients in the low surgeon EAR volume group also had higher long‐term mortality (hazard ratio 1.86, 95 % CI 1.21, 2.85; p = 0.005). There were no significant differences in complication rates among the surgeon EAR volume groups or in‐hospital mortality after RER among the surgeon EER volume groups.ConclusionsSurgeon EAR volume is associated with in‐hospital mortality and long‐term survival after RAR.