bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Base‐Free Direct Oxidation of 1‐Octanol to Octanoic Acid and its Octyl Ester over Supported Gold Catalysts
Authors: Ishida Tamao , Ogihara Yuichiro , Ohashi Hironori , Akita Tomoki , Honma Tetsuo , Oji Hiroshi , Haruta Masatake 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe choice of a suitable support for gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) enabled the direct oxidation of unreactive aliphatic alcohol, 1‐octanol, to octanoic acid and octyl octanoate in the absence of a base. Under optimized conditions, Au NPs supported on NiO (Au/NiO) exhibited remarkably high catalytic activities and excellent selectivities to octanoic acid (e.g., 97 %) at full conversion. In contrast to Au/NiO, Au/CeO2 selectively produced octyl octanoate as a major product in a base‐free aqueous solution with a maximum selectivity of 82 % under optimized conditions.
Nachhaltiges Bauen mit Leichtbeton
Authors: Heller Dieter 
Published: October 2012

AbstractDie Umwelt‐Produktdeklarationen des “Instituts Bauen und Umwelt e.V.“ geben Aufschluss über die Nachhaltigkeit von Baustoffen und bieten damit eine Planungsgrundlage für Architekten, Planer und Bauherren. Für Leichtbeton‐Mauersteine und ‐Elemente liegen diese von unabhängiger Stelle überprüften Daten vor. Sie belegen, dass für die Herstellung von Leichtbeton‐Baustoffen eine vergleichsweise geringe Menge an nichterneuerbarer Primärenergie erforderlich ist.Sustainable building with lightweight concrete. The environmental product declaration of the “Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.” gives information about the long term sustainability of building materials and offers a framework for planning to architects, planners and builders. It sets out data checked by independent sources for concrete cavity blocks and similar materials. It states that for the production of lightweight concrete materials a comparatively small amount of renewable energy is required.
Beyond Platin – Nachhaltigkeitstrends in der Bau‐ und Immobilienwirtschaft
Authors: Graubner Carl‐Alexander , Schneider Carmen , Pohl Sebastian 
Published: October 2012

AbstractNachhaltigkeit ist zugleich historisches Kulturgut und moderne Antwort auf die aktuelle globale Krisensituation im Kontext des Klimawandels. Insbesondere im Bauwesen ist der strategische Ansatz der Nachhaltigkeit in den letzten Jahren durch die Entwicklung und Implementierung von Nachhaltigkeitszertifizierungssystemen fest verankert worden. Derzeit weist die Bau‐ und Immobilienwirtschaft vor allem in den Bereichen der Diversifikation entwickelter Bewertungs‐ und Optimierungswerkzeuge und der Ausbildung eines praxistauglichen rechtlichen Rahmens für die beteiligten Akteure eine wesentliche Dynamik auf.Beyond Platin – Sustainability trends in the construction and real estate industry. Sustainability is both a cultural asset and a modern answer to the current global crisis of climate change. In the past few years, sustainability has become especially important in the construction industry, anchored by the development and implementation of a number of sustainability certification systems. Today, the construction and real estate industry shows an essential dynamism in areas of diversifying of the developed assessment and optimization tools as well as establishing of a suitable legal framework for the involved players.
Warming off southwestern Japan linked to distributional shifts of subtidal canopy‐forming seaweeds
Authors: Tanaka Kouki , Taino Seiya , Haraguchi Hiroko , Prendergast Gabrielle , Hiraoka Masanori 
Published: October 2012

AbstractTo assess distributional shifts of species in response to recent warming, historical distribution records are the most requisite information. The surface seawater temperature (SST) of Kochi Prefecture, southwestern Japan on the western North Pacific, has significantly risen, being warmed by the Kuroshio Current. Past distributional records of subtidal canopy‐forming seaweeds (Laminariales and Fucales) exist at about 10‐year intervals from the 1970s, along with detailed SST datasets at several sites along Kochi's >700 km coastline. In order to provide a clear picture of distributional shifts of coastal marine organisms in response to warming SST, we observed the present distribution of seaweeds and analyzed the SST datasets to estimate spatiotemporal SST trends in this coastal region. We present a large increase of 0.3°C/decade in the annual mean SST of this area over the past 40 years. Furthermore, a comparison of the previous and present distributions clearly showed the contraction of temperate species' distributional ranges and expansion of tropical species' distributional ranges in the seaweeds. Although the main temperate kelp Ecklonia (Laminariales) had expanded their distribution during periods of cooler SST, they subsequently declined as the SST warmed. Notably, the warmest SST of the 1997–98 El Niño Southern Oscillation event was the most likely cause of a widespread destruction of the kelp populations; no recovery was found even in the present survey at the formerly habitable sites where warm SSTs have been maintained. Temperate Sargassum spp. (Fucales) that dominated widely in the 1970s also declined in accordance with recent warming SSTs. In contrast, the tropical species, S. ilicifolium, has gradually expanded its distribution to become the most conspicuously dominant among the present observations. Thermal gradients, mainly driven by the warming Kuroshio Current, are presented as an explanation for the successive changes in both temperate and tropical species' distributions.
Vacancy‐Induced Deformation in a CoFe Prussian Blue Analogue – A Theoretical Investigation
Authors: Krah Tim , Suaud Nicolas , Zanchet Alexandre , Robert Vincent , Ben Amor Nadia 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe impact of the number and positions of Rb ions in the RbCo[Fe(CN)6] Prussian blue analogue is analyzed by means of complete active space self‐consistent field (CASSCF) and subsequent second‐order perturbation theory (CASPT2) calculations performed upon embedded cluster models. It is shown that the geometries and corresponding electronic structures of the monomeric [CoIII(NC)5(OH2)]2– and [CoII(NC)5(OH2)]3– units are differently affected when the apical cyanide ligand is substituted by a water molecule. The CoIII ion moves away from the equatorial plane by ca. 0.15 Å, whereas the CoII is almost not sensitive to the environmental change. Furthermore, we find that this phenomenon is rather independent of the positions and numbers of the nearest‐neighbour alkali ions. The Co ion displacement directly controls the overlap between the bridging cyanide and metal ion orbitals, a scenario which might be favorable to trigger electron transfer in the photomagnetic dimeric CoFe units of the CoFe Prussian blue analogues.
Phosphorylation of ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) protein in spinal microglia following peripheral nerve injury and lysophosphatidic acid administration
Authors: Kashimoto Ryosuke , Yamanaka Hiroki , Kobayashi Kimiko , Okubo Masamichi , Yagi Hideshi , Mimura Osamu , Noguchi Koichi 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPeripheral nerve injury activates spinal glial cells, which may contribute to the development of pain behavioral hypersensitivity. There is growing evidence that activated microglia show dynamic changes in cell morphology; however, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the modification of the membrane and cytoskeleton of microglia are not known. Here, we investigated the phosphorylation of ezrin, radixin, and moesin (ERM) proteins in the spinal cord after peripheral nerve injury. ERM is known to function as membrane‐cytoskeletal linkers and be localized at filopodia‐ and microvilli‐like structures. ERM proteins must be phosphorylated at a specific C‐terminal threonine residue to be in the active state. The nature of ERM proteins in the spinal cord of animals in a neuropathic pain model has not been investigated and characterized. In the present study, we observed an increase in the phosphorylated ERM in the spinal microglia following spared nerve injury. The intrathecal administration of lysophosphatidic acid induced the phosphorylation of ERM proteins in microglia along with the development of mechanical pain hypersensitivity. Intrathecal administration of ERM antisense locked nucleic acid suppressed nerve injury‐induced tactile allodynia and decreased the phosphorylation of ERM, but not the Iba1 staining pattern, in spinal glial cells. These findings suggest that lysophosphatidic acid induced the phosphorylation of ERM proteins in spinal microglia and may be involved in the emergence of neuropathic pain. These findings may underlie the pathological mechanisms of nerve injury‐induced neuropathic pain. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and Proton Dissociation Properties of Arylphosphonates: A Microwave‐Assisted Catalytic Arbuzov Reaction with Aryl Bromides
Authors: Keglevich György , Grün Alajos , Bölcskei Adrienn , Drahos László , Kraszni Márta , Balogh György T. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTA series of substituted diethyl arylphosphonates was synthesized by the microwave‐assisted Arbuzov reaction of triethyl phosphite and aryl bromides in the presence of NiCl2 as the catalyst under solvent‐free conditions in good yields. The resulting phosphonates were hydrolyzed to the corresponding arylphosphonic acids whose acidity was evaluated by physicochemical methods.
Post‐processing hydrological ensemble predictions intercomparison experiment
Authors: van Andel Schalk Jan , Weerts Albrecht , Schaake John , Bogner Konrad 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAs part of this special issue on hydrological ensemble prediction systems, this paper reports on the intercomparison experiment for post‐processing techniques that has been initiated in 2011 by the International Community on Hydrologic Ensemble Predictions. The design of this intercomparison experiment and the data sets available are presented. The post‐processing methods that have been applied to date are listed and example results are shown. It is expected that through the exchange and joint verification and analysis of the post‐processing results, the intercomparison experiment will contribute to a fast improvement and applicability of post‐processing techniques. Readers are invited to join the intercomparison experiment. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cross‐border Insolvency Problems: Is the UNCITRAL Model Law the Answer?
Authors: Mohan S. Chandra 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis paper examines the impact that the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on Cross‐border Insolvency has had on States in the light of the central problems often associated with transnational insolvencies. Despite the accolades that it has received, the Model Law has been adopted in only 19 countries in the last 15 years and that too in many different ways. If the number of adoptees and the rather conditional acceptance of the Model Law's provisions represent a lack of international enthusiasm for adopting the Model Law, what are the reasons for this? The paper concludes by asking whether the UNCITRAL Model Law presently has a future in dealing with cross‐border insolvencies. Copyright © 2012 INSOL International and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of key microhabitats for fish assemblages in tropical Brazilian savanna streams
Authors: Romero Renato M. , Casatti Lilian 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe habitat use by stream fish can provide an understanding of this important component of species niches, and the changes in the availability of certain structures of instream habitats have a strong influence on the occurrence and abundance of fish species. In this study, we identified the interaction networks between fish and microhabitats in 19 streams of three watersheds from the Brazilian savanna, known as the “Cerrado”. We also investigated whether the connectance between fish species and microhabitats depends on either the species abundance or availability of microhabitats and verified whether the use of stream microhabitats vary among watersheds. The data for the fish were obtained using standardized fish collections and underwater (snorkeling) observations to record the association of fish species with 11 stream microhabitats. We used the incidence data to calculate the connectance of species with different microhabitats, a Spearman correlation analysis to test the dependence of the connectance to the species abundance and microhabitat availability, and an Analysis of Similarity to test whether the use of stream microhabitats by fish can vary among watersheds. In all of the watersheds, the tetras of the family Characidae used the largest number of microhabitats. The most‐used microhabitats by the fish watersheds were the lateral surface, column surface, and unconsolidated substrate, which were differentially used by the fish in each watershed, indicating the variable importance of microhabitats. Despite this observation, the fish occurred more frequently in the lateral microhabitats. When the data for all of the streams were combined, the species connectance was correlated with the species abundance. We also discuss the consequences of the elimination of certain bottom structures in the context of siltation, which is the main issue in the studied region. The results of our study allowed the detection of key microhabitat structures and can be used for the aquatic ecosystems restoration. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Biological Quality on the Basis of Macroinvertebrates in Dammed Habitats of Some Estonian Streams, Central – Baltic Europe
Authors: Käiro Kairi , Timm2 Henn , Haldna2 Marina , Virro1 Taavi 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe assessed the impacts of damming on the biological quality of Estonian streams. A total of 24 dammed sites on 22 streams were sampled. Standard samples were taken during two consecutive springs, 2009 and 2010 in three habitat locations: above dam (reservoir), immediately below dam, and at an undisturbed (reference) site nearby. To estimate biological quality, the national multimetric index (based on five pollution‐sensitive and/or general quality metrics) was used. To estimate direct hydromorphological effects on macroinvertebrates, the locally adapted index, Macroinvertebrates in Estonia: Score of Hydromorphology (MESH) was employed. We found a significant decrease in the biological quality of the above‐dam sites compared to the undisturbed sites (probably due to accumulation of fine sediments and lower flow velocity). Of the five ordinary quality indicators tested, only one (ASPT index) was significantly different between the below‐dam sites and the undisturbed sites. However, the MESH indicated significant stress of macroinvertebrates both at the above‐dam and below‐dam sites, even when flow velocity and bottom type at the below‐dam sites was similar to that at the undisturbed sites. At the same time, hydrochemical parameters were constant among the three habitats. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
INTEGRATION OF RANDOM SAMPLE SELECTION, SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES AND ENSEMBLES FOR FINANCIAL RISK FORECASTING WITH AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ON THE NECESSITY OF FEATURE SELECTION
Authors: Sun Jie 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYFinancial risk forecasting (FRF) is an effective tool to help people forecast whether or not a company will fail in future. Among all techniques of FRF, the support vector machine (SVM) is the most newly developed, and one of the most accurate and effective techniques. This study is devoted to investigating an ensemble model of FRF by integrating bagging with an SVM to generate a data‐driven SVM ensemble. Bagging is used to produce diverse training datasets on which multiple SVM classifiers are trained to make FRF for a target company. Simple voting is employed to produce a final decision from the SVM model committee. The empirical study has two objectives. One is to verify whether the data‐driven SVM ensemble can produce a more dominating performance than the most frequently used techniques in the area of FRF, i.e. multivariate discriminant analysis, logistics regression and a single SVM. The other is to verify whether feature selection is necessary to help the SVM make more precise FRF, although the SVM can handle high‐dimensional data. The results indicate that the data‐driven SVM ensemble significantly improves the predictive ability of SVM‐based FRF. Meanwhile, feature selection can effectively help the SVM achieve better predictive performance, which means that use of feature selection is necessary in SVM‐based FRF. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Attenuation of pain‐related behaviour evoked by carrageenan injection through blockade of neuropeptide Y Y1 and Y2 receptors
Authors: Kostić S. , Puljak L. , Sapunar D. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundIt is well known that neuropeptide Y (NPY) participates in the modulation of chronic pain, but its exact role has not yet been fully explained. In this study, we explored whether targeted delivery of NPY and its antagonists into dorsal root ganglion (DRG) modulates pain‐related behaviour in rats with experimentally induced inflammatory nociception.MethodsInflammatory nociception was induced by intraplantar carrageenan injection. Immediately after carrageenan injection, NPY or its antagonists were injected directly into DRG. Behavioural testing was performed on the day preceding the carrageenan injection and four times (5 h after, on the first, fifth and eighth days) following the injection. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed 8 days following the surgery.ResultsOur results showed that NPY, applied directly to DRG, induced cold allodynia in carrageenan inflammatory pain model. NPY in carrageenan‐injected rats did not additionally exacerbate activation of satellite cells in DRG and astrocytes in dorsal horn caused by intraplantar carrageenan injection. However, application of NPY Y1 and Y2 antagonists directly into DRG reversed carrageenan proalgesic effects and reduced gliosis in DRG and dorsal horn.ConclusionThese findings indicate an important link between pain‐related behaviour and neuroimmune actions of NPY Y1 and Y2 receptors.
The contribution of satellite glial cells to chemotherapy‐induced neuropathic pain
Authors: Warwick R.A. , Hanani M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy is a serious side effect in cancer treatment, a major manifestation being neuropathic pain that can be debilitating and can reduce the quality of life of the patient. Oxaliplatin and taxol are common anti‐cancer drugs that induce neuropathic pain by an unknown mechanism. We tested the hypothesis that satellite glial cells in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) are altered in chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy models and contribute to neuropathic pain.MethodsMice were injected with either oxaliplatin or taxol and examined at 7–30 days. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (glial activation marker) expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. Satellite glial cells in isolated DRG were injected with the fluorescent dye Lucifer yellow and the incidence of dye coupling among these cells that surround different neurons was quantified.ResultsTaxol or oxaliplatin increased glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in satellite glial cells. Gap junction‐mediated coupling between satellite glial cells was increased by up to fivefold after oxaliplatin and by up to twofold after taxol. This is consistent with work on other pain models showing that augmented satellite glial cell coupling contributes to chronic pain. Administration of the gap junction blocker carbenoxolone to chemotherapy‐treated mice produced an analgesic‐like effect.ConclusionsWe propose that increased coupling by gap junctions is part of satellite glial cell activation, and that augmented coupling contributes to the lowering of pain threshold in oxaliplatin‐ and taxol‐treated mice. We further propose that gap junction blockers may have potential in treating chemotherapy‐induced neuropathic pain.
Spinal cord stimulation reduces hypersensitivity through activation of opioid receptors in a frequency‐dependent manner
Authors: Sato K.L. , King E.W. , Johanek L.M. , Sluka K.A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) is used for the management of chronic intractable neuropathic pain. While used clinically, it is unclear if SCS produces its effects by activation of opioid receptors. The current study aimed to determine if endogenous opioids mediate the analgesia produced by SCS at different frequencies of stimulation in rats with neuropathic pain [spared nerve injury (SNI) model].MethodsMechanical withdrawal thresholds of the paw were tested before and after 6 h of SCS at different frequencies (4 Hz, 60 Hz and sham) given daily for 4 days at 90% motor threshold 2 weeks after SNI. Rats were given naloxone (3–10 mg/kg/h), naltrindole (1 mg/kg/h) or were made tolerant to morphine (375 g pellets daily), and effects of SCS were tested.ResultsA dose of 3 mg/kg/h naloxone prevented the analgesia produced by 4‐Hz, but not 60‐Hz, SCS; 10 mg/kg/h prevented the analgesia produced by 60‐Hz SCS. Naltrindole prevented the analgesia produced by 60‐Hz, but not 4‐Hz, SCS. In morphine‐tolerant rats, 4‐Hz SCS had no effect on withdrawal thresholds, but 60‐Hz SCS remained effective as seen by increased withdrawal thresholds.ConclusionThese results suggest that both 4‐ and 60‐Hz SCS, in part, work through opioid receptor mechanisms, with 4‐Hz SCS activating μ‐opioid receptors while 60‐Hz SCS activated δ‐opioid receptors.
Intensity of chronic pain modifies postural control in low back patients
Authors: Sipko T. , Kuczyński M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectiveSome recent studies have provided evidence that alteration in central motor control may have causative impact on the emergence and sustenance of chronic pain. We hypothesized that comparison of postural control between patients with high (HP) and low pain (LP) level would display intergroup differences in favour of the LP group lending support for the postulated relationship between altered cortical function and pain.MethodsMotivated by this concept, we investigated postural control in 36 subjects with chronic low back pain (CLBP) stratified into two groups according to the reported rest pain intensity on a numerical rating scale: LP group (n = 16) and high pain (HP) group (n = 20). The pressure pain threshold (PPT) of selected muscles was assessed on the involved and uninvolved sides. Body balance was investigated on hard or soft surface using postural performance.ResultsAs regards pain measurements, the PPT of muscles was lower in HP than in LP (P < 0.05), without differences between the involved and uninvolved sides. Results indicated that patients in HP group relied more on visual input on hard surface than those in LP group (P < 0.05). Changing the stance condition from hard surface to foam decreased sway entropy in LP (P < 0.001), accounting for higher cognitive investment in balance control, while HP had the same level of sway entropy.ConclusionsBody balance measurements seemed to confirm the hypothesized role of the altered executive function in the CLBP problems, with a further support from pain assessment that indicated central sensitization. Patients with higher self‐reported pain level displayed deficit in the postural adaptability to environmental challenge and lower level of postural automaticity.