bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The importance of family nurses' participation in the local program of cardiological prevention in Wroclaw
Authors: Krysa M 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In Poland, cardiac prevention programs minimize the nurse's role in health education related the patient's lifestyle change. Following the experience of Swedish primary health care, the Health Department of the City Hall in Wrocław was the first local government to launch a long-term, ten-year preventive cardiology program in 1998.

Aim of the study
To present the participation of family nurses in the implementation of population intervention program in cardiological prevention among the inhabitants of Wrocław.

Material and method
The general practitioners from Wrocław and a group of 100 family nurses participated in the preventative program. The overall goal of the program was to assess risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Each patient was provided with education by the nurse.
To conduct the nursing visit, a procedure was used that took into account the structure criteria and the a unified procedure criteria. The nurses analyzed the norms of laboratory test results, blood pressure, heart rate, weight, height, fiber and fat intake, and calculated BMI and WHR. The nurses used a health profile. If a patient was considered a person from a higher risk group, they provided referred the patient to a general practitioner.

Conclusions
In local prevention program, residents were motivated to modify health behaviors through nursing diagnosis and assessment. The close place of residence and direct contact with the patient made it possible to provide health education focused on first-degree prevention. However, patient health education requires organization, time and communication skills, which is why it is so important to prepare staff to implement preventive programs and finance them from local funds. The new role of a health educator becomes an opportunity to change the perception of the traditional role of nursing.
Evaluation of secondary prevention knowledge in patients with coronary syndrome
Authors: Balint G , Slezakova Z 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background/introduction
Patient education is a crucial component in the care of patients with coronary syndrome. Nursing has an important role in disease prevention and health promotion. More than half of patients with coronary artery disease have limited knowledge which is associated with low commitment to lifestyle modification, increased hospitalizations and higher risk of mortality. The core competencies of the nurses is to promote, maintain, and restore the health of individuals in preventive care. Knowledge assessment can support nurses to plan educational strategies to address the information needs of their patients, providing effective support in secondary prevention.

Purpose
(1) To assess secondary prevention knowledge in patients with coronary syndrome and (2) to compare knowledge levels among groups of patients aged &lt;60 years and aged &gt;60 years.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study of hospitalised patients with coronary syndrome. The Coronary Artery Diseases Education Questionnaire (CADE-Q II) was used to evaluate knowledge.
CADE-Q II has 31 items with 4 possible answers. Questions are related to health status, risk factors, exercise, nutrition, and psychosocial risk. The maximum score is 93, with higher scores indicating greater knowledge. Descriptive analysis of the CADE-Q II was performed. SPSS Version 22 was used for analysis, and the level of significance was set at 0.05 for all tests. No items were missing.

Results
We included 155 patients; mean age 58,26±8,37; 22 % female; 78 % male; 56 % &lt; 60 years old; 44 % &gt; 60 years old; 71 % hypertension; 22 % diabetes; 32 % smokers. Mean knowledge score of participants was 61,4/93. Patients obtained values of completely correct answers in the following areas: health status 55 %; risk factors 47 %; exercise 64 %; nutrition 50 %; psychosocial risk 64 %. The level of knowledge based on the scores obtained: great 0 %; good 37 %; acceptable 55 %; poor 7 %; inadequate 1 %. Within the age groups, we obtained statistically significant results, patients aged &lt;60 years got score 63,2/93; patients aged &gt;60 years got score 59,0/93 (p=0.012); in the exercise domain, patients aged &lt;60 years got score 16,5/21; patients aged &gt;60 years got score 13,9/21 (p=0.001); in the psychosocial domain, patients aged &lt;60 years got score 10,9/15; patients aged &gt;60 years got score 9,7/15 (p=0.034).

Conclusion
The results of study point to a lower of knowledge of patients with coronary syndrome regarding their disease and factors affecting cardiovascular risk in all studied domains. The use of an assessment tool in patients with coronary syndrome allows nurses to plan educational process, providing effective support in prevention. Adequate information, promotion of health literacy of patients are an essential part of prevention and minimization of risk factors. Nurses during the nursing process by using CADE-Q II ought to promote knowledge and attitudes towards cardioprotective lifestyle.
Lived experiences of frail patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: a phenomenological study
Authors: Arikan B , Demir Korkmaz F 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Frailty is an important issue in cardiovascular surgery. To provide individualised care to the needs of frail patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, it is needed to determine the patients' surgical experiences. Qualitative studies examining the experiences of frail patients undergoing surgery are limited (1,2). In addition, there is no study examining the surgical experiences of frail patients undergoing CABG surgery in our country.

Purpose
To examine frail patients' lived experiences of CABG surgery in early period.

Methods
In this qualitative study, a phenomenological approach was used. The study was conducted between 28.06.2021 and 18.02.2022 at the cardiovascular surgery department of a training and research hospital in Turkey. The study sample consisted of 14 patients who had CABG surgery and were determined to be frail in the preoperative period using the Modified Fried Frailty Index. Criterion sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used in sample selection. The "Semi-Structured Interview Form" was used to collect the data. Data collection was carried out in the early pre-discharge period. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were analysed using the MAXQDA 2020 program. Content analysis and thematic analysis were used in the analysis of the data.

Results
The mean age of the patients was 65.6±8.84 (min:45-max:76) years. Nine of the patients were female, 13 were married, 13 were primary school graduates, and 9 were lived together with a partner. Thirteen of the patients had comorbid diseases, 12 had hypertension and 11 had diabetes mellitus. The mean length of hospital stay was 19.79 days±5.59 and the mean length of stay in the intensive care unit was 8.64 days±4.46 days. 13 patients had postoperative complications. Four main themes were identified: i) "problems", ii) "coping", iii) "perceptions toward CABG" and iv) "expectations", in addition to nine sub-themes related to these main themes. Pain, postoperative complications such as bleeding, shortness of breath, infection, fear and anxiety were the most frequently expressed problems. The importance of support from health care professionals and family members was emphasised the most in terms of coping. In the theme of perception toward surgery, the surgical process being more difficult than expected and postoperative relief were the most mentioned issues. When the expectations of patients were examined, the importance of effective communication during the surgical process was highlighted the most.

Conclusions
Frail patients had both positive and negative experiences in the postoperative period, highlighting the significance of effective nursing care. The individualised patient-specific nursing care was required. Cardiovascular surgery nurses should evaluate patients in terms of frailty and consider the frailty status of patients while providing care.
Recovery from severe cardio-respiratory failure: the trajectory of muscle mass, strength, function and health related quality of life
Authors: Thomas A , Griffiths M , Kalakoutas A , Yates M , Sanders J 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The impact of intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICUAW) is associated with reduced muscle mass, strength, function and health related quality of life (HRQoL). Patients suffering from severe cardio-respiratory failure are known to lose considerable muscle mass and strength in the first 7 days of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Furthermore, patients surviving critical illness have a considerable less HRQoL and physical function with long term outcomes such as inability to return to work being reported. However, more information regarding muscle loss and recovery is required when patients leave hospital. Currently there are no treatments for ICUAW as once the process is established management is supportive, such as physical therapy.

Purpose
We Sought to investigate the effects of severe cardio-respiratory failure, in patients receiving extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), on ICUAW (including muscle mass, strength, function and HRQoL). Researching a real life model of ICUAW allows the observation of the loss of muscle mass and strength in the first stages of critical illness and severe cardio-respiratory failure.

Methods
Adults receiving ECMO for severe cardiorespiratory failure were included. Muscle mass was measured using ultrasound of the rectus femoris cross sectional area (RFcsa). Muscle strength was measured using hand held dynamometry for both hand held grip strength and isometric leg extension. HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D-5L. Function was measured using the short physical performance battery (SPPB). Measurements were taken on day 0, day 7, ICU discharge, hospital discharge and at out-patient follow up.

Results
17 patients were recruited with 10 patients completing follow up. Patients lost 24% muscle mass in the first 7 days of ICU admission and ECMO initiation, with muscle loss continuing up until ICU discharge. Contrary to the hypothesis only 50% of the patients were seen to recover muscle mass at follow up. Strength and function all considerably improved between ICU discharge and out patient follow up. The EQ5D crosswalk index supported this suggesting considerable functional improvement.

Conclusion
Patients in severe cardio-respiratory failure lose considerable muscle mass in the first 7 days of admission, with only 50% of these patients recovering the initial muscle loss at follow up. However, strength, function and HRQoL all improve following ICU discharge suggesting an element of functional recovery. Strength and function have shown to improve regardless of the status of the muscle mass. Therefore, given the advantages of the real-life model and novel findings, this could serve as a platform to assess muscle loss and recovery over a longer time frame continuing to build the understanding of the patients recovery trajectory from critical illness.Rectus Femoris Muscle MassHand-Held Grip Strength
Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 score is a predictor of prolonged hospitalizations after cardiac ablation procedures
Authors: Popiolek-Kalisz J , Chrominski T , Szczasny M , Blaszczak P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Nutritional risk is a recognized factor of mortality, complications, and length of stay at a hospital in various medical conditions. This relationship was already proven in surgery, oncology, and selected cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose
This study aimed to analyze, if the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) score is a predictor of the hospitalization length and in-hospital convalescence period defined as the time from the procedure to discharge among patients undergoing cardiac ablations.

Methods
265 patients who underwent cardiac ablation in 2023 were included in this retrospective study. The analyzed parameters included the overall length of stay and the time of the in-hospital convalescence after the ablation procedure. They were combined with the nutritional risk assessed with NRS 2002, body mass, and body mass index. The analysis was also performed in subgroups regarding the type of arrhythmia.

Results
The regression analysis revealed a significant impact of the NRS 2002 score on the overall length of stay (B=0.89, p=0.003) and the in-hospital convalescence time (B=0.57, p=0.02). Subgroup analysis revealed that this relationship was particularly strong in the atrial fibrillation patients (B=1.10, p=0.001 and (B=0.91, p=0.002 respectively), and in atrial arrhythmias for the overall length of stay (B=0.92, p=0.001), and ventricular arrhythmias for the convalescence time (B=0.76, p=0.002). Lower body mass index impacted the prolonged convalescence time (B= -0.05, p=0.03), mainly in the atrial fibrillation subgroup (B= -0.08, p=0.04) and atrial arrhythmias (B= -0.05, p=0.04).

Conclusions
Nutritional risk is a factor that impacts the length of stay and in-hospital convalescence in patients undergoing cardiac ablations, particularly in atrial fibrillation patients.
The Structure of Simple Satellite Variation in the Human Genome and Its Correlation With Centromere Ancestry
Authors: Said Iskander , Barbash Daniel A , Clark Andrew G 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Although repetitive DNA forms much of the human genome, its study is challenging due to limitations in assembly and alignment of repetitive short-reads. We have deployed k-Seek, software that detects tandem repeats embedded in single reads, on 2,504 human genomes from the 1,000 Genomes Project to quantify the variation and abundance of simple satellites (repeat units &lt;20 bp). We find that the ancestral monomer of Human Satellite 3 makes up the largest portion of simple satellite content in humans (mean of ∼8 Mb). We discovered ∼50,000 rare tandem repeats that are not detected in the T2T-CHM13v2.0 assembly, including undescribed variants of telomericand pericentromeric repeats. We find broad homogeneity of the most abundant repeats across populations, except for AG-rich repeats which are more abundant in African individuals. We also find cliques of highly similar AG- and AT-rich satellites that are interspersed and form higher-order structures that covary in copy number across individuals, likely through concerted amplification via unequal exchange. Finally, we use pericentromeric polymorphisms to estimate centromeric genetic relatedness between individuals and find a strong predictive relationship between centromeric lineages and pericentromeric simple satellite abundances. In particular, ancestral monomers of Human Satellite 2 and Human Satellite 3 abundances correlate with clusters of centromeric ancestry on chromosome 16 and chromosome 9, with some clusters structured by population. These results provide new descriptions of the population dynamics that underlie the evolution of simple satellites in humans.
Differential Conservation and Loss of Chicken Repeat 1 (CR1) Retrotransposons in Squamates Reveal Lineage-Specific Genome Dynamics Across Reptiles
Authors: Gable Simone M , Bushroe Nicholas A , Mendez Jasmine M , Wilson Adam , Pinto Brendan J , Gamble Tony , Tollis Marc 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are repetitive DNA sequences which create mutations and generate genetic diversity across the tree of life. In amniote vertebrates, TEs have been mainly studied in mammals and birds, whose genomes generally display low TE diversity. Squamates (Order Squamata; including ∼11,000 extant species of lizards and snakes) show as much variation in TE abundance and activity as they do in species and phenotypes. Despite this high TE activity, squamate genomes are remarkably uniform in size. We hypothesize that novel, lineage-specific genome dynamics have evolved over the course of squamate evolution. To understand the interplay between TEs and host genomes, we analyzed the evolutionary history of the chicken repeat 1 (CR1) retrotransposon, a TE family found in most tetrapod genomes which is the dominant TE in most reptiles. We compared 113 squamate genomes to the genomes of turtles, crocodilians, and birds and used ancestral state reconstruction to identify shifts in the rate of CR1 copy number evolution across reptiles. We analyzed the repeat landscapes of CR1 in squamate genomes and determined that shifts in the rate of CR1 copy number evolution are associated with lineage-specific variation in CR1 activity. We then used phylogenetic reconstruction of CR1 subfamilies across amniotes to reveal both recent and ancient CR1 subclades across the squamate tree of life. The patterns of CR1 evolution in squamates contrast other amniotes, suggesting key differences in how TEs interact with different host genomes and at different points across evolutionary history.
Feeling Younger on Active Summer Days? On the Interplay of Behavioral and Environmental Factors With Day-to-Day Variability in Subjective Age
Authors: Schmidt Laura I , Rupprecht Fiona S , Gabrian Martina , Jansen Carl-Philipp , Sieverding Monika , Wahl Hans-Werner 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Subjective age, that is, how old people feel in relation to their chronological age, has mostly been investigated from a macro-longitudinal, lifespan point of view and in relation to major developmental outcomes. Recent evidence also shows considerable intraindividual variations in micro-longitudinal studies as well as relations to everyday psychological correlates such as stress or affect, but findings on the interplay with physical activity or sleep as behavioral factors and environmental factors such as weather conditions are scarce.

Research Design and Methods
We examined data from 80 recently retired individuals aged 59–76 years (M = 67.03 years, 59% women) observed across 21 days. Daily diary-based assessments of subjective age, stress, affect, and sleep quality alongside physical activity measurement via Fitbit (steps, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) and daily hours of sunshine were collected and analyzed using multilevel modeling.

Results
Forty-four percent of the overall variance in subjective age was due to intraindividual variation, demonstrating considerable fluctuation. Affect explained the largest share in day-to-day fluctuations of subjective age, followed by stress and steps, whereas sunshine duration explained the largest share of variance in interindividual differences.

Discussion and Implications
In our daily diary design, subjective age was most strongly related to self-reported affect as a psychological correlate. We, however, also found clear associations with objective data on daily steps and weather. Hence, our study contributes to contextualizing and understanding variations in subjective age in everyday life.
Concomitant Administration of Ozanimod and Serotonergic Antidepressants in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis or Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Regueiro Miguel , Siegmund Britta , Horst Sara , Moslin Ryan , Charles Lorna , Petersen AnnKatrin , Tatosian Daniel , Wu Hsiuanlin , Lawlor Garrett , Fischer Monika , D’Haens Geert , Colombel Jean-Frederic 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Ozanimod, approved for the treatment of moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) and relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS), is a weak in vitro monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor. MAO-B inhibitors can cause serotonin accumulation with concomitant use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). We evaluated the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) potentially associated with serotonin accumulation during ozanimod and concomitant SSRI/SNRI use in this post hoc analysis of pooled UC studies and the open-label extension RMS DAYBREAK.

Methods
Data for ozanimod 0.92 mg from pooled UC studies (n = 1158; cutoff: January 10, 2022) and RMS DAYBREAK (n = 2257; cutoff: February 1, 2022) were analyzed. Concomitant SSRI/SNRI use was allowed in the UC (n = 67) and RMS (n = 274) studies. A narrow Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities search (“serotonin syndrome,” “neuroleptic malignant syndrome,” and “malignant hyperthermia”) and a broad search including terms potentially associated with serotonin accumulation were conducted. The percentages of patients with TEAEs in both searches were analyzed by concomitant SSRI/SNRI use when the TEAE occurred.

Results
No patients had TEAEs matching the narrow search criteria. No differences were observed in the percentages of patients with ≥1 TEAE matching the broad search regardless of SSRI/SNRI use in UC (with: 25.4% [n = 17 of 67]; without: 15.0% [n = 164 of 1091]) and RMS (with: 12.4% [n = 34 of 274]; without: 15.6% [n = 310 of 1982]) studies.

Conclusions
No evidence of increased TEAEs potentially associated with serotonin accumulation was observed with concurrent use of ozanimod and SSRIs/SNRIs.

Clinical trial registration
NCT01647516, NCT02531126, NCT02435992, NCT02576717
Remaining useful life prediction of lithium battery based on CEEMD-SE-IPSO-LSSVM hybrid model
Authors: Feng Ziliang , Li Meili , Liu Hao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In order to prevent accidents caused by battery aging, accurately predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) is a critical and highly challenging task in battery management systems. This article describes a lithium-ion battery RUL prediction method based on a hybrid model of CEEMD-SE-IPSO-LSSVM. This method integrates various technologies and algorithms, enhancing the accuracy and practicality of predictions. Initially, the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD) is utilized to decompose the raw data into multiple intrinsic mode functions, aiding in denoising and feature extraction. Subsequently, the sample entropy (SE) is used to assess the complexity and irregularity of the data, merging intrinsic mode function components with similar SE values into a new component. Building upon this, the advanced iterative particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm refines the parameters of the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) model, improving the predictive performance of the model. Finally, through iterative training and refinement of the LSSVM model, accurate prediction of the remaining life of lithium-ion batteries is achieved. This hybrid model approach integrates data processing, feature extraction, and model refinement, resulting in a significant improvement over the baseline model with a 69.5% increase in mean absolute percentage error and a 49.4% decrease in root mean squared error, providing a robust solution for predicting the remaining life of lithium-ion batteries.