bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency-dependent capacitance and conductance characteristics and current transport mechanisms of Schottky diodes with TPA-IFA organic interfacial layer
Authors: Çavdar Şükrü , Oruç Pınar , Eymur Serkan , Tuğluoğlu Nihat 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this study, a Schottky barrier diode with an Al/TPA-IFA/p-Si structure was fabricated using spin coating and thermal evaporation methods. Using forward and reverse bias

I
–
V

measurement, we examined the key electrical characteristics of the Al/TPA-IFA/p-Si diode, including

Φ

b

,

n
,

R

s

,

and

N

ss

;

we also estimated

V

D

,

N

A

,

E

F

,

∆
Φ

b

,

W

D

,

Φ

b

and

N

ss

using

C
–
V

measurements under the different frequencies (10, 50, 100, 500 kHz, and 1 MHz) at room temperature. Using

I
–
V

data and the Thermionic Emission (TE) theory, basic electrical parameters such as ideality factor (

n

), and barrier height (

Φ

b

) values were computed as 3.01 and 0.716 eV. The fundamental diode parameters are highly frequency-dependent. It was also found that the series Resistance (

R

s

) values reduced with increasing frequency, but the barrier height (

Φ

b

) and the width of the depletion layer (

W

D

) increased. It was found that when frequency increased, the diode capacitance reduced for our new Schottky-type diode. The diode’s potential conduction mechanisms were examined through the utilization of reverse

ln
I
−

V

0.5

and forward

ln
I
−
V

graphs. The transport properties of Al/TPA-IFA/p-Si diode are primarily governed by ohmic conduction, Space Charge Limited Current (SCLC), and Trap Charge Limited Current (TCLC) mechanisms at low, moderate, and high voltages, respectively. It was concluded that the Poole–Frenkel Emission (PFE) mechanism was dominant for the Al/TPA-IFA/p-Si diode. Ultimately, the findings confirmed that the TPA-IFA-based diode could be obtained for the electronic application.
Resonant reheating
Authors: Barman Basabendu , Bernal Nicolás , Xu Yong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe investigate a novel reheating scenario proceeding through s-channel inflaton annihilation, mediated by a massive scalar. If the inflatonϕoscillates around the minimum of a monomial potential ∝ϕn, we reveal the emergence of resonance phenomena originating from the dynamic evolution of the inflaton mass forn>2. Consequently, aresonanceappears in both the radiation and the temperature evolution during the reheating process. By solving the coupled Boltzmann equations, we present solutions for radiation and temperature. We find non-trivial temperature characteristics during reheating, depending on the value ofnand the masses of the inflaton and mediator. Some phenomenological aspects of the model are explored. As a concrete example, we show that the same mediator participates in the genesis of dark matter, modifying the standard freeze-in dynamics. In addition, we demonstrate that the resonant reheating scenario could be tested by next-generation low- and high-frequency gravitational wave detectors.
Quantized Redshift and its Significance for Recent Observation
Authors: Mal Arindam , Palit Sarbani , Fulton Christopher C. , Roy Sisir 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
With the recent observational evidence in extragalactic astronomy, the interpretation of the nature of quasar redshift continues to be a research interest. Very high redshifts are being detected for extragalactic objects that are presumably very distant and young while also exhibiting properties that are characteristic of a more mature galaxy such as ours. According to Halton Arp and Geoffrey Burbidge, redshift disparities consist of an intrinsic component and are related to an evolutionary process. Karlsson observed redshift periodicity at integer multiples of 0.089 in log scale and Burbidge observed redshift periodicity at integer multiples of 0.061 in linear scale. Since Singular Value Decomposition based periodicity estimation is known to be superior for noisy data sets, especially when the data contain multiple harmonics and overtones, mainly irregular in nature, we have chosen it to be our primary tool for analysis of the quasar-galaxy pair redshift data. We have observed a fundamental periodicity of 0.051 with a confidence interval of 95% in linear scale with the site-available Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7) quasar-galaxy pair data set. We have independently generated quasar-galaxy pair data sets from both 2dF and SDSS and found fundamental periodicities of 0.077 and 0.089, respectively, in log scale with a confidence interval of 95%.
Sustainable Concrete Pavements: A Comparative Analysis of Biochar-Supplemented and Conventional Concrete in terms of Strength, Carbon Emissions, and Cost
Authors: Vijaya Gowri T. , Siva Rama Krishna U. , Baswaraj K. , Biradar Sangmesh V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The pavement engineering communities worldwide have deep concerns about the concept of sustainability. The cement concrete pavements can be constructed by replacing supplementary contentious materials (SCM). Biochar is a carbon-rich green material, a fine-grained residue obtained from the thermos-chemical conversion of waste biomass through pyrolysis or gasification. In this project, Biochar was used as a supplementary cementitious material with different percentages of 0% to 20% in preparation of concrete mixes for concrete pavements. Tests for mechanical properties such as compressive strengths of conventional concrete (CC) and Biochar Concrete (BC) were conducted and compared for 7, 14 and 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength of biochar concrete with 20% of biochar is exhibiting higher values than CC and other mixes of Biochar. In addition, BC, with 20% biochar, has reduced life cycle cost and carbon footprint by up to 19% and 17%, respectively, compared with the cement concrete mix without Biochar. So, it is inferred that the optimum replacement of Biochar as an SCM is 20% for cement concrete mix, and it makes concrete pavement sustainable.
Characterizing the Dilemma Zone at Intersections by Introducing the Break Point
Authors: Goud Arukala Vineeth , Sai Sahitya K 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The dilemma zone at signalized intersections presents a critical challenge for drivers, often leaving them uncertain about whether to stop or proceed when the yellow light appears, resulting in dangerous red-light running and a heightened risk of traffic accidents. To mitigate this confusion and enhance intersection safety and efficiency, the introduction of break points is proposed. These break points serve as visual cues to guide drivers in initiating the deceleration process when the amber light is activated. This study focuses on evaluating the impact of break points by conducting simulations in PTV Vissim. The goal is to assess the changes in stop delay for intersections with varying traffic volumes and lane configurations. The study involves a comparative analysis of average stop delay in different directions at the intersection before and after the introduction of break points. The results consistently demonstrate a reduction in average stop delay across all directions after the implementation of break points. This reduction indicates a clear enhancement in the overall efficiency of the intersection, with a smoother flow of traffic, reduced congestion, and a decreased risk of abrupt stops and potential accidents. The findings underscore the effectiveness of break points in addressing the dilemma zone challenge, contributing to safer and more efficient intersections in urban and suburban settings.
Traffic Sign Board Recognition Using Computational Techniques
Authors: Anand Battu , NagaTeja T. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Traffic signs are essential for traffic management, regulating driving conduct, and lowering accidents, injuries, and fatalities. Any Intelligent Transportation System must have automatic traffic sign detection and identification. This work describes a deep-learning-based autonomous technique for traffic sign recognition in India. End-to-end learning with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) provided inspiration for automatic traffic sign detection and recognition. The proposed concept was evaluated using a cutting-edge dataset consisting of 12933 images with divided into training set and testing set. In training set total of 8422 images of 10 categories and testing Data consists of 4511 images with 10 categories representing multiple instances of Indian traffic signs. Real-time photographs are taken on metropolitan city roads for the testing dataset and training dataset. By using Google Collab, the suggested system starts by detecting traffic signs in photos using CNNs, which are well-suited to feature extraction in visual data. After detecting the indications, a mixture of CNN and SVM classifiers is used to accurately recognize the indicators. The suggested technique achieves excellent accuracy and real-time performance, as demonstrated by experimental findings on Realtime traffic sign recognition datasets. After analyzing of the training dataset and testing dataset the results we achieved with a test accuracy of 1.0 for the proposed CNN model and test accuracy for the SVM model is 0.84 which is lower than the CNN model. This study advances traffic sign recognition systems, which are critical for increasing road safety, navigation, and allowing autonomous cars to make educated judgments in real-world traffic conditions. The combination of CNNs and SVMs offers a potential method for accurate and dependable traffic sign identification, solving the problems provided by complex and dynamic traffic scenarios.
Analysis of multi-storey buildings with and without floating columns by using construction sequence analysis in different seismic zones in India
Authors: Seshagiri Rao M.V. , Bommisetty Jagadeesh , Vaibhavi Chennoji 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In recent times multi-storied urban constructions require no-column space due to several reasons such as space, population, and aesthetic requirements. Especially by placing floating columns at baselevel provide us column free space for parking and free movement of vehicles. These structures often have floating columns, which can be dangerous in actives seismic zones. This study examines the detrimental impacts of floating columns in multi-storey buildings using construction sequence analysis (CSA) in different seismic zones as prescribed in Indian standard code of practice. The study compares designs of multistorey structures with and without floating columns for various seismic zones and determine storey displacement, storey shear, storey drift, Response spectrum, The findings show that installing floating columns in zones 2 and 3 is allowed, when necessary, as displacement values produced are within allowable limits. However, installing floating columns in zones 4 and 5 causes displacement values to exceed allowable ranges. To develop a safe and economically advantageous floating column construction, the structure should be strengthened with special remedial features like shear wall, bracings, and dampers.
Seismic Analysis of a Real-time PEB using Etabs
Authors: Madhava Reddy N , Jyothirmayee S , Punith Reddy K , Gangothri T , Nagamani A , Ashok Naik P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This abstract presents a Seismic analysis of a Real-time PEB (Pre Engineered Building) using ETABS software. The study begins with the establishment of the building’s geometric and material properties within the ETABS environment. The analysis incorporates both linear and nonlinear, static and dynamic methods to evaluate the building’s response to seismic loading. Linear static analysis provides an initial understanding of the structural behaviour under seismic forces, while nonlinear dynamic analyses offer more precise assessments, accounting for material nonlinearity and dynamic effects. The analysis aims to characterize the building’s behaviour under various seismic loading scenarios, facilitating the identification of potential weaknesses and informing necessary design enhancements to optimize its seismic resilience.
This study helps engineers assess how a building will respond to ground motion and design it to withstand seismic forces, protecting the safety of occupants and the integrity of the structure. It performs response spectrum analysis to determine the building’s response to ground motion and also ensure that the response spectrum reflects the design earthquake for our location. The outcomes of this research contribute to a deeper understanding of seismic performance and helps in formulating effective strategies for the seismic design and retrofitting of structures, ultimately leading safer and more resilient built environments.
Sustainable Development of 3D-Printable Quaternary Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Charan Kumar Reddy B , Sameer Sk Khaja , Ramesh V , Sriya B , Gayatri A , Mahesh Babu K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The construction industry has been looking a cost-effective way to build structures with unique and intricate designs, mass customization, and reduced labor costs, material consumption and environmental impact. One promising possibility is geopolymer 3D printing concrete(3DPC). The interlocking that takes place when materials are bound in an alkaline environment is known as geopolymerization. A potential utility for pozzolanic materials as GPC binding agents is their high silica and alumina content. The primary objective of this research is to determine the viability of quaternary blended 3D printing geo polymer concrete (GPC). As “quaternary” means “fourth in sequence (Since “quaternary” implies “fourth in sequence,),” the four binder components that make up Geopolymer Concrete are glass powder, silica fume, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and fly ash. The paper describes mix design methodologies and emphasizes various aspects of mixture compositions and how they affect the features of 3DPC. The results represent that printability, extrudability were satisfied for the mix proportion of 1:1.3 with 40% Fly ash, 40% GGBS, 10% glass powder, 7% silica fume, 3% Viscosity modifying agent (VMA) including 1.5% of Auramix 200 and 2% of CAC hyper fluid plus. Further, buildability was attained by replacing 40% river sand with M sand. Mechanical properties like compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength are studied for the ideal mix. The obtained results for compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, are 91 MPa, 5.93 MPa, 4.5 MPa, respectively.
Investigation of AlGaN/GaN HEMT trap barrier height variation under mechanical stress and voltage stress
Authors: Zhang Yiqun , Zhu Hui , Liu Xing , Zhang Zhirang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The variation of the trap barrier height of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) under the mechanical stress and voltage stress was investigated. It was found that the compressive stress and small voltage stress mitigated the slowing down of the intra-layer strain, and the decrease of the gate leakage current was related to the increase of the trap barrier height. Tensile stress and large voltage stress exacerbated the intra-layer strain, and the additional traps due to the inverse piezoelectric effect caused an increase in the gate leakage current, which was verified by the decrease in the trap barrier height.
Research on measuring method of arc length of P-TIG welding in annular seam of tube plate
Authors: Cai Ze , Li Jianghui , Li Zhou , Liu Xiufeng , Li Min 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study the arc length detection technology in P-TIG welding of tube-plate annular seams and characterize the trend of arc length variation by the peak welding arc voltage signal. A linear relationship between arc length and arc voltage was established through sampling of welding arcs, extraction of peak arc voltage, and noise reduction processing. The experiment found that this method can detect abnormal points during the welding process, providing support for automatic control of arc length in the future, thereby ensuring the stability of welding quality.
Design of a low-power and high-efficiency charge pump
Authors: Zhao Hongfei , Bao Jiaming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Low power consumption and high efficiency have been a difficult problem in power management chips. In this paper, a pulse-spanning modulation mode (PSM) is proposed for loop control to reduce the static power consumption of the circuit. To further improve the conversion efficiency, a cross-coupled charge pump is used. Meanwhile, the output voltage is adjustable in 8 steps and the clock frequency is adaptive to achieve high conversion efficiency. Simulation results show that the proposed circuit structure has a static power consumption of only 4 μA under the state of driving light load, and the power conversion efficiency reaches 80%.
A digital LDO with adaptive sampling frequency and asynchronous loop
Authors: Cai Xinyu , Dai Lan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The development of semiconductor processes has led to a decrease in the operating voltage of transistors. Digital low dropout linear regulators (DLDO) have been proposed to address this low-voltage operating environment. However, DLDOs with conventional structures need help meeting the requirements of fast response and low power consumption simultaneously. This paper proposes a DLDO based on coarse-fine dual loop regulation with asynchronous loop regulation and adaptive clock frequency. The scheme enhances transient response speed and reduces system power consumption in a steady state.
Research on the integrated evaluation model of database based on LDA and entropy weight method
Authors: Mao Junyun , Wen Hao , Huang Jing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
With more emphasis placed on the transferable acquisition and sustainable development of knowledge and data, the comprehensiveness, accuracy, and scientificity of databases are further called for. However, how to evaluate the effectiveness of the database needs further research. Thus, this paper builds an integrated evaluation model adopting the latent Dirichlet allocation model and entropy weight method. First, we calculate the contents of the database evaluation index system by the latent Dirichlet allocation model, which integrates the core orientation of evaluation with the characteristics of the target database. Second, the entropy weight method is used to ensure the weights of each index. Third, through empirical research, the reliability of the model is fully verified and suggestions to improve the database quality are specifically provided. The integrated evaluation model of a database is more comprehensive, accurate, and user-oriented, which provides effective reference for better evaluation of database quality.
Amorphous TiO2 nano-coating on stainless steel to improve its biological response
Authors: Garcia-Perez Victor I , Hotchkiss Kelly M , Silva-Bermudez Phaedra , Hernández Miryam Martínez , Prado-Prone Gina , Olivares-Navarrete Rene , Rodil Sandra E , Almaguer-Flores Argelia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study delves into the potential of amorphous titanium oxide (aTiO2) nano-coating to enhance various critical aspects of non-Ti-based metallic orthopedic implants. These implants, such as medical-grade stainless steel (SS), are widely used for orthopedic devices that demand high strength and durability. The aTiO2 nano-coating, deposited via magnetron sputtering, is a unique attempt to improve the osteogenesis, the inflammatory response, and to reduce bacterial colonization on SS substrates. The study characterized the nanocoated surfaces (SS-a TiO2) in topography, roughness, wettability, and chemical composition. Comparative samples included uncoated SS and sandblasted/acid-etched Ti substrates (Ti). The biological effects were assessed using human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and primary murine macrophages. Bacterial tests were carried out with two aerobic pathogens (S. aureus and S. epidermidis) and an anaerobic bacterial consortium representing an oral dental biofilm. Results from this study provide strong evidence of the positive effects of the aTiO2 nano-coating on SS surfaces. The coating enhanced MSC osteoblastic differentiation and exhibited a response similar to that observed on Ti surfaces. Macrophages cultured on aTiO2 nano-coating and Ti surfaces showed comparable anti-inflammatory phenotypes. Most significantly, a reduction in bacterial colonization across tested species was observed compared to uncoated SS substrates, further supporting the potential of aTiO2 nano-coating in biomedical applications. The findings underscore the potential of magnetron-sputtering deposition of aTiO2 nano-coating on non-Ti metallic surfaces such as medical-grade SS as a viable strategy to enhance osteoinductive factors and decrease pathogenic bacterial adhesion. This could significantly improve the performance of metallic-based biomedical devices beyond titanium.
Conceptualising global cultural transformation—developing deep institutional scenarios for whole of society change
Authors: Hughes Ian , Hernandez Ariel Macaspac , Glynn James , Hynes William , Gallachóir Brian Ó 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper aims to contribute to current efforts to improve methodologies to find more ambitious and integrated strategies to jointly pursue the Paris climate target and other Sustainable Development Goals. It suggests a means of further expanding the underlying societal perspectives in scenarios modelling through a model of deep institutional innovation for sustainability and human development (DIIS), which aims to reframe the narrative from sociotechnical transition to deep global cultural transformation. The paper posits the need for capturing irreversible transformation change through a fundamental reimagining of the key social institutions that together comprise contemporary societies. To illustrate the application of the DIIS framing to pathway scenarios an indicative scenario is offered to indicate the radical global cultural changes required to move to pathways capable of bringing about greater sustainability and human flourishing.
Unequal economic consequences of coastal hazards: hurricane impacts on North Carolina
Authors: Liu Dahui , Li Junkan , Sue Wing Ian , Blanton Brian , Kruse Jamie , Nozick Linda , Millea Meghan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The eastern North Carolina Coastal Area Management Act region is one of the most hurricane-prone areas of the United States. Hurricanes incur substantial damage and economic losses because structures located near the coast tend to be high value as well as particularly exposed. To bolster disaster mitigation and community resilience, it is crucial to understand how hurricane hazards drive social and economic impacts. We integrate detailed hazard simulations, property data, and labor compensation estimates to comprehensively analyze hurricanes’ economic impacts. This study investigates the spatial distribution of probabilistic hurricane hazards, and concomitant property losses and labor impacts, pinpointing particularly hard hit areas. Relationships between capital and labor losses, social vulnerability, and asset values reveal the latter as the primary determinant of overall economic consequences.