bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial Arrhythmias Following Surgical AF Ablation: Electrophysiological Findings, Ablation Strategies, and Clinical Outcome
Authors: HUO YAN , SCHOENBAUER ROBERT , RICHTER SERGIO , ROLF SASCHA , SOMMER PHILIPP , ARYA ARASH , RASTAN ARDAWAN , DOLL NICOLAS , MOHR FRIEDRICH‐WILHELM , HINDRICKS GERHARD , PIORKOWSKI CHRISTOPHER , GASPAR THOMAS 
Published: March 2014

Surgical Ablation Related Reentrant TachycardiaBackgroundIntraoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation during cardiac surgery is a well‐established treatment. However, tachycardia mechanisms, ablation strategies, and long‐term follow‐up of atrial arrhythmias (AA) following intraoperative AF ablation (AFA) have not been previously studied in a large cohort of patients.ObjectiveEighty‐two patients (48 male, median age of 65 years) with symptomatic recurrence of AA following intraoperative AFA underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation.MethodsRegular atrial tachycardias (AT) were mapped using 3‐dimensional (3D) color‐coded entrainment/activation mapping and eliminated by linear ablation. Pulmonary vein (PV)‐isolation (PVI) was achieved in patients with left atrium‐PV (LAPV) conduction after AT elimination.ResultsIn 85 (83%) out of a total of 103 regular ATs, the entire reentrant circuits were localized perimitrally (n = 27), around PVs (left PV [LPV] or right PV [RPV]; n = 9), around left atrial appendage (LAA; n = 1), on left‐sided atrial septum (n = 8), on atrioventricular nodal area (n = 1), on the posterior wall of LA (n = 1), along roof‐septum‐inferoposterior wall (n = 8), at coronary sinus ostium (n = 2), upper loop in RA (n = 1), and as cavotricuspid isthmus‐dependent reentrant ATs (n = 27). Sixty‐five (79%) patients received PVI. Noninducibility of any AT was reached at the end of all procedures. During a median follow‐up time of 18 months, 69 patients (87%) were free of AA.ConclusionReentrant AT appears in the majority of patients with recurrence of AA following intraoperative AFA. Detailed 3D color‐coded entrainment mapping was successfully obtained in the majority of patients suffering from reentrant AT after intraoperative AFA, facilitated the accurate identification of the entire reentrant circuit and selection of optimal ablation lines.
Cancer biology in diabetes
Authors: Sen Shi , He Yanzheng , Koya Daisuke , Kanasaki Keizo 
Published: March 2014

AbstractDiabetes is a serious metabolic disease that causes multiple organ dysfunctions. Recent evidence suggests that diabetes could contribute to the initiation and progression of certain cancers in addition to the classic diabetic complications. Furthermore, some of the drugs used clinically to treat patients with diabetes might affect cancer initiation, progression and mortality. The recent discovery of the possible anticancer effects of metformin, a classic antidiabetic drug, has led physicians and scientists to reconsider the interaction between diabetes and cancer. In the present review, we analyze recent reports in this field, and explore possible mechanistic links between diabetes and cancer biology.
Classification of Boiled Shrimp's Shape Using Image Analysis and Artificial Neural Network Model
Authors: Poonnoy Poonpat , Yodkeaw Panupong , Sriwai Akkarin , Umongkol Pongpol , Intamoon Saowanit 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe image analysis technique and artificial neural networks (ANNs) for boiled shrimp's shape classification were developed in this research. A color image of boiled shrimp in red‐green‐blue format was processed and analyzed to determine the shape feature as a relative internal distance (RID). The RID was the ratio between the shortest distance measured perpendicularly between the center line and the shrimp's contour. The RID values from different 62 locations were calculated. The multilayer ANN models were trained to classify shapes of the boiled shrimp using the RID values as the network input. The analysis showed that the 15‐node ANN model was highly effective for boiled shrimp's shape classification with 99.80% overall accuracy (regular‐shaped shrimps [100.00%], shrimps with no tails [100.00%], with one tail [97.78%] and with broken body [100.00%]). The RID values were considered as an appropriate shape representation for boiled shrimps. The ANN model recognized most boiled shrimp's shape through the RID profiles.Practical ApplicationThe developed image analysis technique and artificial neural network model effectively classified the boiled shrimp's shape using the relative internal distance values. This technique can be used in the development of an automatic sorting system for boiled shrimp based on real‐time image processing.
Ghost Structures, Pasting, Rheological and Textural Properties between Mesona Blumes Gum and Various Starches
Authors: Feng Tao , Su Qiang , Zhuang Haining , Ye Ran , Gu Zhengbiao , Jin Zhengyu 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIn this study, the ghost structures of potato starch granule gelatinization in the presence and absence of Mesona Blumes gum (MBG) at different temperatures and time points were studied. Our results indicated that ghost structures could form merely after the amylose was completely leached from granules. In addition, MBG could prevent amylose from leaching outside the granules, and thus extend ghost structure existence in aqueous solution. Furthermore, the interactions among eight kinds of starches and MBG were assessed by Brabender parameters. It was concluded that rice, wheat, pea and corn starches could be significantly influenced by MBG (P < 0.05), then followed by mung bean and sweet potato starch, whereas the effects of tapioca and potato starch could be insignificant (P > 0.05). Textural measurement illustrated that MBG/rice starch gel was the hardest among all samples in this study. Rheological properties of rice starch and various hydrocolloids were evaluated at 25C by frequency sweep from 1 to 10 Hz with a constant strain 1%. It was shown that rice starch and MBG could also form the strongest gel.Practical ApplicationsTo understand the interaction between MBG and different starches from various sources, ghost structures, Brabender curves, and textural and rheological properties were investigated in this paper. Ghost structure indicated that gels between MBG and starch might be constituted by collapsed starch granule, MBG and swollen amylose. Brabender curves showed that MBG could affect rice starch gelatinization significantly (P < 0.05). Moreover, the results of textural studies also demonstrated that MBG/rice starch gels formed the hardest gel. In addition, the results obtained from rheological properties between various hydrocolloids and rice starch suggested that the strongest MBG/rice starch gel occurred. Therefore, gels formed by MBG and rice starch might be potentially used as a novel filler or thickener in food industry.
The Devil Rejoiced: Volk, Devils and Moral Panic in White South Africa, 1978–1982
Authors: Dunbar Danielle , Swart Sandra 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe first four years of P.W. Botha's premiership in apartheid South Africa were plagued by intra‐party politicking, renewed anti‐apartheid resistance, economic instability, and Satan. Between 1978 and 1982, the heavy political rhetoric of “total onslaught” inflected perceived “moral onslaught” in a virulent moral panic over Satanism in white, and particularly Afrikaner, South Africa. With attention to its discursive and socio‐political context, this paper seeks to explore the emergence of this distinct satanic moral panic in white South African history, arguing that it reflects the intense political and moral ambiguity of white society as the edifices of apartheid began to fracture.
Effect of Ceramic Thickness and Shade on Mechanical Properties of a Resin Luting Agent
Authors: Passos Sheila Pestana , Kimpara Estevão Tomomitsu , Bottino Marco Antonio , Rizkalla Amin S. , Santos Gildo Coelho 
Published: March 2014

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to investigate the influence of ceramic thickness and shade on the Knoop hardness and dynamic elastic modulus of a dual‐cured resin cement.Materials and MethodsSix ceramic shades (Bleaching, A1, A2, A3, A3.5, B3) and two ceramic thicknesses (1 mm, 3 mm) were evaluated. Disk specimens (diameter: 7 mm; thickness: 2 mm) of the resin cement were light cured under a ceramic block. Light‐cured specimens without the ceramic block at distances of 1 and 3 mm were also produced. The Knoop hardness number (KHN), density, and dynamic Young's moduli were determined. Statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA and a Tukey B rank order test (p = 0.05).ResultsThe bleaching 1‐mm‐thick group exhibited significantly higher dynamic Young's modulus. Lower dynamic Young's moduli were observed for the 3‐mm‐thick ceramic groups compared to bleaching 3‐mm‐thick group, and no difference was found among the other 3‐mm groups. For the KHN, when A3.5 3‐mm‐thick was used, the KHN was significantly lower than bleaching and A1 1‐mm‐thick ceramic; however, no difference was exhibited between the thicknesses of the same shade.ConclusionsThe dual‐cured resin cement studied irradiated through the 1‐mm‐thick ceramic with the lightest shade (bleaching ceramic) exhibited a better elastic modulus, and there was no effect in KHN of the resin cement when light cured under different ceramic shades and thicknesses (1 and 3 mm), except when the A3.5 3‐mm‐thick ceramic was used.Clinical SignificanceVariolink II irradiated through ceramic with the lowest chroma exhibited the highest elastic modulus; therefore, the light activation method might not be the same for all clinical situations.
Globalizing Indigenous Psychology: An East Asian Form of Hierarchical Relationalism with Worldwide Implications
Authors: Liu James 
Published: March 2014

AbstractGlobalization has changed almost every facet of life for people around the world, and today the flow of influence is no longer uni‐directional. It is argued that East Asian (and especially Chinese) societies are anchored in an indigenous form of hierarchical relationalism where social structure is produced by relational obligations of an ethical and normative nature that have slowed its traditional culture “melting into air” as prophesied by Marx. The successfully modernization of East Asia has involved hybridization, compartmentalization, and sequencing of traditional psychological features of Confucianist societies such as delay of gratification and respect for education, paternalistic leadership, filial piety, and beliefs in harmony or benevolence. Features of hierarchical relationalism are adaptable to creating niches for East Asian societies that thrive under globalization as characterized by the paradoxical coupling of economic inequality in fact with discourses of equality in principle. Moral, ethical demands for enlightened leadership constrain East Asian elites to at least attempt to protect subordinates and protect societal (rather than merely individual or familial) well‐being. A fundamental contribution of East Asia to global society may be in the articulation of how to ameliorate economic inequality using Confucian principles of hierarchical relationalism.
Topical N‐Acetylcysteine for the Treatment of Lamellar Ichthyosis: An Improved Formula
Authors: Davila‐Seijo Paula , Flórez Angeles , Davila‐Pousa Carmen , No Nuria , Ferreira Carlos , De la Torre Carlos 
Published: March 2014

AbstractTopical N‐acetylcysteine is gaining recognition as a useful and safe therapy for lamellar ichthyosis. We report a case of inherited lamellar ichthyosis that showed a good response to treatment with a new formula of N‐acetylcysteine cream. With this new formula, which is described in the article in a practical manner, the odor of sulfur was minimized and we obtained excellent adherence to treatment.
Adam Smith on Monopoly Theory. Making good a lacuna
Authors: Salvadori Neri , Signorino Rodolfo 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThis article analyses Adam Smith's views on monopoly by focusing on Book IV and V of The Wealth of Nations. It argues that the majority of scholars have assessed Smith's analysis of monopoly starting from premises different from those, actually though implicitly, used by Smith. We show that Smith makes use of the word ‘monopoly’ to refer to a heterogeneous collection of market outcomes, besides that of a single seller market, and that Smith's account of monopolists' behaviour is richer than that provided by later theorists. We also show that Smith was aware of the growth‐retarding effect of monopoly and urged State regulation.
Separation of centrifuged whole blood and pooled buffy coats using the new CompoMat G5: 3 years experience
Authors: Bontekoe I. J. , van der Meer P. F. , Mast G. , de Korte D. 
Published: March 2014

Background and ObjectivesSemi‐automatic separation devices can be used for the separation of centrifuged whole blood into leucoreduced red cell concentrate (LR‐RCC), plasma and buffy coat (BC) and to make platelet concentrates (PC) from pooled BCs. To improve and to obtain a more uniform and standardized process, the CompoMat G5 (Fresenius) was implemented, a new‐generation semi‐automated device.Materials and MethodsUniform programs for WB separation and preparation of PCs were validated, using collection and pooling systems with CompoFlow (CF) closures, which can be automatically opened by the G5. Cell counts were performed and compared with historic data of blood components obtained with the formerly used Compomat G4 and Optipress II. After implementation, different adjustments were made to improve product quality.ResultsLeucoreduced red cell concentrates (280 ± 15 ml, 53 ± 5 g haemoglobin) and plasma (317 ± 16 ml) met European guidelines. BCs (48 ± 2 ml, 0·42 ± 0·05 l/l, 93 ± 25 × 109 platelets) contained a similar platelet (PLT) content as BC prepared before with the Compomat G4. A relatively high percentage (4–6%) of PCs (330 ± 17 ml, 330 ± 50 × 109 PLT, 0·12 ± 0·21 × 106 leucocytes) contained <250 × 109 PLT which was the subject of improvement studies. After implementation, RCC and BC discard decreased and workload was less. Operator complaints were also less frequent.ConclusionThe same high‐quality blood components can be prepared by using the CompoMat G5 as previously with other semi‐automated devices. Improvement was realized by automation of the opening process by the use of collection systems with CF closures, which led to a decrease in discarded units and workload.
Serodiagnosis as Adjunct Assay for Pertussis Infection in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Vaz-de-Lima Lourdes R. A. , Martin Monte D. , Pawloski Lucia C. , Leite Daniela , Rocha Karen C. P. , de Brito Cyro A. , Vaz Tânia M. I. , Martins Luciano Moura , Alvarenga Danielly P. , Ribeiro Ana F. , Carvalhanas Telma R. M. P. , Nakasaki Rosa M. D. , Oliveira Silvia S. , Waldman Eliseu A. , Tondella Maria Lucia 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTPertussis remains an important public health problem in many countries despite extensive immunization. Cultures and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) assays are the recommended pertussis diagnostic tests, but they lack sensitivity at the later stage of the disease. This study introduces the IgG anti-pertussis toxin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PT ELISA) in our routine diagnosis to improve disease burden estimation. Serum samples and nasopharyngeal swabs (n= 503) were collected at the same time from patients presenting with cough illness suspected of being pertussis and tested by the PT ELISA and culture and/or RT-PCR, respectively. Patients were separated into three age groups: group 1, <1 year (n= 260; mean age, 3 months), group 2, 1 to 6 years (n= 81; mean age, 3 years), and group 3, ≥7 years (n= 162; mean age, 26 years). The times (means) from cough onset to specimen collection were 16, 24, and 26 days, respectively. In group 1, 83 (82.2%) of 101 positive cases were positive for pertussis by culture/RT-PCR, while 40 (39.6%) tested positive by PT ELISA. In group 2, 6 (19.4%) of 31 positive cases were culture/RT-PCR positive, and 29 (93.6%) were seropositive. In group 3, 13 (13.8%) of 94 positive cases were positive by culture/RT-PCR and 91 (96.8%) were positive by serology. Culture/RT-PCR detected more cases of pertussis in infants (P< 0.0001), whereas the PT ELISA detected more cases in adolescents and adults (P< 0.0001). The timing between cough onset and specimen collection or recent vaccination may have partially affected our results. Serology is a suitable, cost-effective, and complementary pertussis diagnostic tool, especially among older children, adolescents, and adults during the later disease phase.
Outer Ear Canal Infection with Rhabditis sp. Nematodes in a Human
Authors: Teschner Magnus , Würfel Waldemar , Sedlacek Ludwig , Suerbaum Sebastian , Tappe Dennis , Hornef Mathias Walter 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT

Here we report the first human case of an outer ear canal infection with a free-living nematode of the genus
Rhabditis
. Otomicroscopy revealed viable worms in the outer ear canal of a patient suffering from chronic otorrhea and hearing loss. The nematode was identified by microscopy and internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-PCR.
Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus lugdunensis Cause Pyogenic Osteomyelitis in an Intramedullary Nail Model in Rabbits
Authors: Gahukamble Abhay Deodas , McDowell Andrew , Post Virginia , Salavarrieta Varela Julian , Rochford Edward Thomas James , Richards Robert Geoff , Patrick Sheila , Moriarty Thomas Fintan 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT

Propionibacterium acnes
and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are opportunistic pathogens implicated in prosthetic joint and fracture fixation device-related infections. The purpose of this study was to determine whether
P. acnes
and the CoNS species
Staphylococcus lugdunensis
, isolated from an “aseptically failed” prosthetic hip joint and a united intramedullary nail-fixed tibial fracture, respectively, could cause osteomyelitis in an established implant-related osteomyelitis model in rabbits in the absence of wear debris from the implant material. The histological features of
P. acnes
infection in the
in vivo
rabbit model were consistent with localized pyogenic osteomyelitis, and a biofilm was present on all explanted intramedullary (IM) nails. The animals displayed no outward signs of infection, such as swelling, lameness, weight loss, or elevated white blood cell count. In contrast, infection with
S. lugdunensis
resulted in histological features consistent with both pyogenic osteomyelitis and septic arthritis, and all
S. lugdunensis
-infected animals displayed weight loss and an elevated white blood cell count despite biofilm detection in only two out of six rabbits. The differences in the histological and bacteriological profiles of the two species in this rabbit model of infection are reflective of their different clinical presentations: low-grade infection in the case of
P. acnes
and acute infection for
S. lugdunensis
. These results are especially important in light of the growing recognition of chronic
P. acnes
biofilm infections in prosthetic joint failure and nonunion of fracture fixations, which may be currently reported as “aseptic” failure.
Adenovirus E1A Recruits the Human Paf1 Complex To Enhance Transcriptional Elongation
Authors: Fonseca Gregory J. , Cohen Michael J. , Mymryk Joe S. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
During infection by human adenovirus (HAdV), the proteins encoded by the early region 1A (E1A) gene bind and appropriate components of the cellular transcriptional machinery to activate the transcription of viral early genes. Previously, we identified roles for the human Bre1 (hBre1) and hPaf1 complexes in E1A-mediated transcriptional activation of HAdV early genes. Here we show that E1A binds hBre1 directly and that this complex targets the hPaf1 complex via the Rtf1 subunit. Depletion of hPaf1 reduces E1A-dependent activation of transcription from the E2e, E3, and E4 viral transcription units, and this does not result from a reduced ability of RNA polymerase II to be recruited to the promoter-proximal regions of these genes. In contrast, depletion of hPaf1 reduces the occupancy of RNA polymerase II across these transcription units. This is accompanied by reductions in the level of H3K36 trimethylation, a posttranslational histone modification associated with efficient transcriptional elongation, and the number of full-length transcripts from these genes. Together, these results indicate that E1A uses hBre1 to recruit the hPaf1 complex in order to optimally activate viral early transcription by enhancing transcriptional elongation.

IMPORTANCE
This work provides the mechanism by which the hPaf1 complex contributes to E1A-dependent activation of early gene transcription. The work also demonstrates that E1A induces gene expression by stimulating transcriptional elongation, in addition to its better-characterized effects on transcriptional initiation.
Novel Permissive Cell Lines for Complete Propagation of Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Shiokawa Mai , Fukuhara Takasuke , Ono Chikako , Yamamoto Satomi , Okamoto Toru , Watanabe Noriyuki , Wakita Takaji , Matsuura Yoshiharu 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major etiologic agent of chronic liver diseases. Although the HCV life cycle has been clarified by studying laboratory strains of HCV derived from the genotype 2a JFH-1 strain (cell culture-adapted HCV [HCVcc]), the mechanisms of particle formation have not been elucidated. Recently, we showed that exogenous expression of a liver-specific microRNA, miR-122, in nonhepatic cell lines facilitates efficient replication but not particle production of HCVcc, suggesting that liver-specific host factors are required for infectious particle formation. In this study, we screened human cancer cell lines for expression of the liver-specific α-fetoprotein by using a cDNA array database and identified liver-derived JHH-4 cells and stomach-derived FU97 cells, which express liver-specific host factors comparable to Huh7 cells. These cell lines permit not only replication of HCV RNA but also particle formation upon infection with HCVcc, suggesting that hepatic differentiation participates in the expression of liver-specific host factors required for HCV propagation. HCV inhibitors targeting host and viral factors exhibited different antiviral efficacies between Huh7 and FU97 cells. Furthermore, FU97 cells exhibited higher susceptibility for propagation of HCVcc derived from the JFH-2 strain than Huh7 cells. These results suggest that hepatic differentiation participates in the expression of liver-specific host factors required for complete propagation of HCV.

IMPORTANCE
Previous studies have shown that liver-specific host factors are required for efficient replication of HCV RNA and formation of infectious particles. In this study, we screened human cancer cell lines for expression of the liver-specific α-fetoprotein by using a cDNA array database and identified novel permissive cell lines for complete propagation of HCVcc without any artificial manipulation. In particular, gastric cancer-derived FU97 cells exhibited a much higher susceptibility to HCVcc/JFH-2 infection than observed in Huh7 cells, suggesting that FU97 cells would be useful for further investigation of the HCV life cycle, as well as the development of therapeutic agents for chronic hepatitis C.