bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Take It Easy, I’ll Tell You if There’s Something Wrong”: Young Cisgender Heterosexual Men and Sexual Communication During Casual Sex in Australia
Authors: Waling Andrea 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Calls for consent and masculinity workshops in Australian schools aim to address sexual violence by cisgender heterosexual men. However, little research explores how these men understand and practise sexual consent in the face of these calls. This study investigates how young men in Australia navigate consent in casual encounters.

Methods
Thirty semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with young men living in Australia between May and September in 2021. Participants were asked about their dating and sexual practices, as well as their understanding and navigation of verbal and body language in relation to sexual communication and consent. The findings were analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis techniques.

Results
Findings note tensions between contradictory expectations within sexual encounters. This includes (1) determining genuine or coerced interest, (2) their awareness of women’s body language but desiring verbal communication, and (3) their awareness of their own body language but perceiving this as not being assertive enough.

Conclusions
Men are acutely aware of the body language and verbal cues indicating sexual interest, enjoyment, and rejection for consent. They navigate complex relationships, managing new expectations concerning women’s bodily autonomy and traditional gendered norms in sex and intimacy.

Policy Implications
New concerns regarding the place of ambiguity and exploration within young men and women’s sexual encounters are emerging from critiques of sexual consent education. Policy and practice should pay greater attention to embedding skills for navigating these ambiguities rather than assuming people as fully knowing beings.
An Antidote to Decreasing Interest in Radiation Oncology: Earlier Engagement
Authors: Sport Catherine , Yarden Nophar , Fields Emma C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
In recent years, there has been a national decline in applicants to radiation oncology (RO) residencies, partly due to limited exposure to RO during medical school. Student Interest Groups (SIGs) give students early exposure to a variety of specialties. This study investigates the efficacy of a RO-SIG to increase knowledge and interest in the field.

Methodology
First and second-year medical students attending an RO-SIG event or shadowing experience completed surveys both prior and following participation. Students ranked their interest in oncology, in RO, and their perceived accessibility of mentors in oncology. Questions were rated on a Likert scale from 0 to 5 (5 highest, 0 lowest). The survey included one short response question about the understanding of the role of the RO, which was evaluated qualitatively.

Results
44 students (42 M1s, 2 M2s) completed the pre-survey and 18 (41%, 17 M1s, 1 M2) completed the post-survey. Of the 18 matched responses, interest in oncology increased from 3.67 pre-SIG to 3.89 (p = 0.19) and in RO specifically from 3.17 to 3.89 (p < 0.01). The mean perceived accessibility of faculty mentors in oncology increased from 3.18 to 3.72 (p < 0.01). After interacting with the RO-SIG, the short response answers were more detailed in the understanding of the role of RO.

Conclusions
RO-SIGs can increase interest in RO through early exposure to the field. In a time where RO has seen a decline in student interest, RO-SIGs are an option to increase engagement, develop interest, and form relationships with mentors in pre-clinical years.
Computer vision-based dynamic identification of a reinforced concrete elevated water tank
Authors: De Santis Stefano , Sangirardi Marialuigia , Altomare Vittorio , Meriggi Pietro , de Felice Gianmarco 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
There is a growing need for monitoring the structural health conditions of aging structures and for prioritizing maintenance works to extend their safe service life. This requires cheap, flexible, and reliable tools suitable for everyday use in engineering practice. This paper presents a computer vision-based technique combining motion magnification and statistical algorithms to calculate structural natural frequencies under environmental noise excitation, and its application to a reinforced concrete elevated water tank. Digital videos were recorded from various standpoints and post-processed by tracking in time either the variation of the grey-intensity or the motion of selected pixels. Computer vision-based outcomes were validated against accelerometric measurements and integrated to them to improve the understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the water tower, which, counterintuitively, resulted anything but trivial to predict.
On diamond partial order, one-sided star partial orders, and 1MP-inverses
Authors: Hernández M. V. , Lattanzi M. B. , Thome N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper provides some new characterizations of the diamond partial order for rectangular matrices by using properties of inner inverses, minus order, and SVD decompositions. In addition, the recently introduced 1MP generalized inverse and its dual are used to characterize the diamond partial order as a $$\mathcal{G}$$
G
-based one. Finally, the one-sided star partial order is investigated by using 1MP- and MP1-inverses.
Sequential utilization of birch sawdust using a two-step hot water treatment
Authors: Kälkäjä Salla , Hu Tao , Rusanen Annu , Kärkkäinen Johanna , Lappalainen Katja 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this research study, birch sawdust (BSD) was sequentially treated in hot water to obtain liquid fractions containing C5 sugars/furfural or C6 sugars/5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), and lignin containing solid fractions. In the first step, 76% of the hemicellulose was hydrolyzed using microwave irradiation to the liquid fraction as C5 sugars/oligosaccharides/furfural while most of the cellulose and lignin remained in a solid fraction. Increasing the temperature and time increased the furfural formation during the first step. The highest furfural yield, 39%, was obtained using 200 °C for 60 min. In the second step, higher temperatures were used to enhance the cellulose decomposition, which was observed as decreasing the crystallinity of the solid fraction and increasing the HMF content in the liquid fraction. The highest HMF yield, 17%, was obtained using 260 °C with a 30 min treatment time in the second step, whereas the first step was performed at 200 °C. After the sequential treatment, 32% of the sawdust remained in the solid state when the most efficient treatment conditions were applied (the first step at 200 °C, 20–60 min; the second step at 260 °C, 30 min). The solid fractions were found to contain mainly lignin/lignin degradation products. The study demonstrates the potential of sequential hot water treatment in the separation and utilization of all main components of wood.
Effektivität ambulanter orthopädischer Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen bei Erkrankungen der Lendenwirbelsäule
Authors: Ludwig Sebastian , Woltmann Katrin , Schafdecker Hans-Günter , Spallek Michael 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungEs wurde überprüft, ob eine dreiwöchige ambulante orthopädische Reha-Maßnahme einen nachweisbaren Einfluss auf die physische Leistungsfähigkeit und die Schmerzwahrnehmung von Patienten mit Erkrankungen der Lendenwirbelsäule (LWS) hat. Dazu wurden im Reha-Zentrum vorliegende Daten aus Testungen mithilfe der Back Performance Scale (BPS) zu Beginn und am Ende der Reha-Maßnahme bei 60 Rehabilitanden ausgewertet. Weiterhin wurde mit den Daten einer Schmerzskala (NRS) ausgewertet, ob auch Unterschiede im subjektiven Schmerzempfinden vor und nach der Maßnahme nachweisbar sind. Die Auswertung erfolgte getrennt für konservativ bzw. operativ behandelte Rückenpatienten. Ausgewertet werden konnten die Ergebnisse der BPS- bzw. NRS-Überprüfungen von 60 Rehabilitanden (23 Frauen, 37 Männer) im Alter von 19 bis 73 Jahren (MW 51,5 Jahren ± 12,07 Jahre) mit einer operativ (n = 36) oder konservativ (n = 24) behandelten Erkrankung der LWS, die im ambulanten Reha-Zentrum Baunatal nachbehandelt wurden. Bis auf 3 Probanden mit fehlender ärztlicher Freigabe für den Hebetest konnten alle Testungen des BPS uneingeschränkt durchgeführt werden; bei der NRS-Testung gab es keine Einschränkungen. Die statistischen Auswertungen belegen, dass eine dreiwöchige ambulante orthopädische Rehabilitationsmaßnahme einen positiven Einfluss auf die physische Leistungsfähigkeit, gemessen anhand der BPS, hat. Der Mittelwert für alle 5 Testungen des BPS verbesserte sich signifikant von 5,03 (SD 2,54) vor der Reha-Maßnahme auf 2,97 (SD 2,27) nach der Reha-Maßnahme. Das subjektive Schmerzempfinden, gemessen mit der NRS, zeigte ebenfalls eine signifikante Verbesserung in den Mittelwerten für alle Patienten von 3,48 (SD 2,65) auf 2,07 (SD 2,32) beim Ausgangstest, wobei die operativ versorgten Patienten tendenziell geringe Schmerzen angegeben haben. Die Auswertungen deuten darauf hin, dass sich die physiologische Leistungsfähigkeit durch eine dreiwöchige ambulante orthopädische Reha-Maßnahme nachweislich verbessern lässt, während die subjektiven Schmerzempfindungen gleichermaßen zurückgehen. Die Effekte sind unabhängig davon, ob die Probanden operativ oder konservativ behandelt worden sind.
New Evidences About Multidimensionality of the Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS) Construct in Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Miniotti Marco , Cuniberti Francesco , Olivero Alberto , Leombruni Paolo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Patient-centered care is becoming a paradigm in medicine. The Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS) is the only tool that measures the patient-centered attitude of healthcare students and professionals. Despite its spread, PPOS has had a poor process of scale modelling and validation and previous studies raised concerns about its psychometric robustness.

Objective
This study aims to investigate the PPOS psychometric properties, factor structure, and construct validity on a large sample of undergraduate medical students.

Methods
Participants of this cross-sectional single-center study are 1543 first-year medical students. PPOS item validity (internal consistency, test–retest reliability), factor structure (explorative principal axis factoring), and construct validity (convergent-discriminant validity, between-groups invariance) have been investigated.

Results
A three-factor not clearly defined solution explaining 34.4% of the variance and containing 14 items out of 18 was retained. Internal consistency was questionable for factor 1 (a = 0.657), poor for factor 2 (a = 0.566), and unacceptable for factor 3 (a = 0.399). Item-total correlations for factor 1 and factor 2 were > 0.3, except for item 6 (ITC = 0.218) and item 12 (ITC = 0.283). Item total-correlations for factor 3 were all < 0.3. Test–retest reliability was acceptable for factor 1 (ICC = 0.704) and factor 2 (ICC = 0.789) and questionable for factor 3 (ICC = 0.661). Construct validity and measurement invariance across groups were satisfactory.

Conclusion
Findings in this study corroborate previous evidences about PPOS psychometric limitations and provide new evidence about the multidimensionality of patient-centeredness construct.
Bi-HS-RRT$$^\text {X}$$: an efficient sampling-based motion planning algorithm for unknown dynamic environments
Authors: Liao Longjie , Xu Qimin , Zhou Xinyi , Li Xu , Liu Xixiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the field of autonomous mobile robots, sampling-based motion planning methods have demonstrated their efficiency in complex environments. Although the Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm and its variants have achieved significant success in known static environment, it is still challenging in achieving optimal motion planning in unknown dynamic environments. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel motion planning algorithm Bi-HS-RRT$$^\text {X}$$

X

, which facilitates asymptotically optimal real-time planning in continuously changing unknown environments. The algorithm swiftly determines an initial feasible path by employing the bidirectional search. When dynamic obstacles render the planned path infeasible, the bidirectional search is reactivated promptly to reconstruct the search tree in a local area, thereby significantly reducing the search planning time. Additionally, this paper adopts a hybrid heuristic sampling strategy to optimize the planned path quality and search efficiency. The convergence of the proposed algorithm is accelerated by merging local biased sampling with nominal path and global heuristic sampling in hyper-ellipsoid region. To verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm in unknown dynamic environments, numerous comparative experiments with existing algorithms were conducted. The experimental results indicate that the proposed planning algorithm has significant advantages in planned path length and planning time.
First Record of Loppe's Tadpole Fish Ijimaia Loppei (Ateleopodidae) in the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Iberian Peninsula), Including Notes on its Diet
Authors: de Carvalho-Souza Gustavo F. , Rodríguez-Ruiz Ángela , Gómez Cristóbal Lobato , González-Ortegón Enrique 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper reports the first record of a rare deep-sea fish Ijimaia loppei Roule, 1922 (Ateleopodiformes: Ateleopodidae) in the Southwest Iberian Peninsula, based on a single specimen (total length 1271 mm) bottom trawled in the mud volcano field in the Gulf of Cadiz, Spain (36º 28′ 54'' N, 7º 07′ 47'' W), at a depth of 585 m, on April 24, 2024. The morphometric and meristic measurements of I. loppei and its congener, I. antillarum, are presented and compared to previously published data. Further, this study provides insights into the diet of I. loppei and fills a gap in the known geographical distribution of the species, thereby contributing to the understanding of the ichthyofaunal biodiversity in the Gulf of Cadiz and establishing conservation strategies for habitats of ecological importance, such as the mud volcanoes.
Projection of Compound Wind and Precipitation Extreme Events in the Iberian Peninsula Based on CMIP6
Authors: Alvarez I. , Pereira H. , Picado A. , Sousa M. C. , Lorenzo M. N. , Dias J. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the potential changes in the co-occurrence of strong precipitation and wind events over the Iberian Peninsula using simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) Phase 6 under two scenarios (SSP2 − 4.5 and SSP5 − 8.5). Projected changes indicate a significant regional variability during all seasons. In winter, the western regions are projected to experience an increase in compound events as the century progresses under both scenarios, with a significantly larger area being affected by the end of the century. In spring, summer, and autumn, a general decline in the occurrence of these events is anticipated throughout the century, accompanied by a reduction in the area affected by them. However, in the northwesternmost area (Galicia), an increase in the occurrence of compound events is expected during the spring towards the end of the century, particularly under the SSP5-8.5 scenario.
Comparative analysis of hand-held and stationary ultrasound for detection of sarcopenia in acutely hospitalised older adults—a validity and reliability study
Authors: Phillip Jeppe Grabov , Minet Lisbeth Rosenbek , Smedemark Siri Aas , Ryg Jesper , Andersen-Ranberg Karen , Brockhattingen Kristoffer Kittelmann 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background and purpose
Sarcopenia is a growing health concern among geriatric patients. Early diagnostics is importance to intervene and better muscle status and thus physical function. Ultrasound can be a valuable tool for patient-near diagnostics of sarcopenia. In recent time, ultrasound devices have evolved from larger stationary devices to minor hand-held devices that are more portable. However, the literature lacks research comparing quality of the different devices. The purpose of this study was to compare hand-held ultrasound (HH-US) to stationary ultrasound (S-US) in muscle assessment for detection of sarcopenia in acutely hospitalized older adults.

Methods
A cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of acutely admitted older patients examined with both HH-US and S-US within a single session by the same examiner. Image analysis was performed using ImageJ, and was conducted by two raters: Rater 2 an experienced US examiner and Rater 1 an US examiner who received training from Rater 2. The Ultrasound sarcopenia index (USI) was used for evaluating sarcopenia. Validity and reliability of HH-US were analyzed using Cohen’s Kappa and Student’s t-test.

Results
21 participants (mean age 83.4 years, 52% female). Results showed “substantial” intra-rater reliability (κ = 0.77 for Rater 1) and ‘near-perfect’ validity (κ = 0.92 for Rater 2). Inter-rater comparisons revealed no significant differences (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
HH-US is a potential method for detection of sarcopenia in acutely hospitalized older adults.
Comparing location-specific and location-open social media data: methodological lessons from a study of blaming of minorities on Twitter during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zhang Shiyi , Tsatsou Panayiota , McLaren Lauren , Zhu Yimei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSocial media platforms such as Twitter (currently X) have become important sites of public discourse and participation. Researchers have attempted to identify and collect Twitter data within a certain country or region in order to answer research questions within a particular locale. However, location information of tweets is limited. Tackling the case of public blaming of minorities on Twitter in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK, we present a method for identifying UK-based tweets and analyse two types of datasets that we collected and processed: (a) tweets with UK location-tags (labelled as location-specific data and referred to as UK datasets); and (b) tweets with UK location-tags and / or user profiles containing potential UK location information (labelled as location-open data and referred to as ALL datasets). The empirical results reveal that the overall sentiments in the two dataset types align in the same direction, but the location-specific datasets contain more extreme discourses (i.e., more positive and more negative sentiments and fewer neutral sentiments). Furthermore, in the location-specific datasets, the range of theme areas is narrower, although the themes still grasp the essence of the discussion about blaming minorities found in the larger dataset. The findings demonstrate strengths and limitations of the two dataset types and that the location-specific data can be suitable especially when the available research resources are insufficient for collecting or processing larger datasets. Nevertheless, we propose that future research may consider comparing smaller and bigger datasets to test differences between these for other topics for which specific locations may be of particular interest.
Lernen während der COVID-19-Pandemie – Selbstreguliertes Lernen in der Schule und zu Hause aus der Perspektive von Grundschülerinnen und Grundschülern
Authors: Lenzgeiger Barbara , Lohrmann Katrin , Miller Katrin 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungWährend der COVID-19-Pandemie nahmen weniger strukturierte Lernsituationen zu Hause für Schülerinnen und Schüler situativ und zeitlich zu. Unklar ist bisher, wie Grundschülerinnen und Grundschüler in diesen Phasen ihr selbstreguliertes Lernen einschätzten. Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage wurden im Rahmen einer querschnittlich-quantitativen Studie Daten von N = 204 Grundschülerinnen und Grundschülern erhoben. Die Ergebnisse aus t‑Tests und Regressionsanalysen zeigen, dass sich die befragten Schülerinnen und Schüler zu Hause als konzentrierter und selbstregulierter lernend als in der Schule wahrnehmen. Zudem sind die wahrgenommene Konzentration und die wahrgenommene häusliche Unterstützung für das selbstregulierte Lernen zu Hause relevant. Gründe für diese Ergebnisse sowie Konsequenzen für die Aus- und Fortbildung von Lehrkräften werden diskutiert.
Study on controllability assessment of a new type of power system based on lagrangian function integrated assessment method
Authors: Zhang Wangjun , Zhao Zhongjun , Chen Yu , Wu Xiong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe complex structure and multiple controllability metrics of the new power system require a comprehensive assessment approach. We propose a controllability assessment method based on the Lagrangian function, analyzing key factors that influence controllability. Our index system includes distributed power supply utilization rate, energy storage station charge state, power factor, and voltage offset. Using Lagrange shadow price theory, we construct a guideline layer index system treating bottom indexes as constraints. We formulate an optimization function utilizing the Lagrangian shadow price theory and considering weights calculated from the bottom index’s shadow price. These weights inform primary evaluation. By combining primary evaluation results, weights, and variable coefficients using the percentage system method, we determine comprehensive evaluation results for the new power system’s controllability. Experimental results demonstrate the high reliability of this method’s evaluation indexes, indicating their effectiveness. This research provides valuable insight for the advancement of the new power system. Region 1 had the lowest overall evaluation score of 51.57 and was rated general. The overall score of Region 2 was 77.24, which was considered good. Region 3 received the highest overall score of 86.29 and was rated as excellent.Graphical Abstract
Environment-induced information scrambling transition with charge conservations
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Yu Zhenhua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn generic closed quantum systems, the complexity of operators increases under time evolution governed by the Heisenberg equation, reflecting the scrambling of local quantum information. However, when systems interact with an external environment, the system-environment coupling allows operators to escape from the system, inducing a dynamical transition between the scrambling phase and the dissipative phase. This transition is known as the environment-induced information scrambling transition, originally proposed in Majorana fermion systems. In this work, we advance this discovery by investigating the transition in charge-conserved systems with space-time randomness. We construct solvable Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev models of complex fermions coupled to an environment, enabling the analytical computation of operator growth. We determine the critical dissipation strength, which is proportional to $$n(1-n)$$

n
(
1
-
n
)

with n being the density of the complex fermions, arising from the suppression in the quantum Lyapunova exponent due to the Pauli blockade in the scattering process. We further analyze the density dependence of maximally scrambled operators at late time. Our results shed light on the intriguing interplay between information scrambling, dissipation, and conservation laws.