bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicentre analysis of long-term outcome after surgical resection for gastric cancer liver metastases
Authors: Kinoshita T , Kinoshita T , Saiura A , Esaki M , Sakamoto H , Yamanaka T 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Background
The efficacy of surgical resection for gastric cancer liver metastases (GCLMs) is currently debated. Hitherto, no large-scale clinical studies have been conducted.

Methods
This retrospective multicentre study analysed a database of consecutive patients with either synchronous or metachronous metastases who underwent surgical R0 resection for GCLM between 1990 and 2010. Clinical data were collected from five cancer centres in Japan. Survival curves were assessed, and clinical parameters were evaluated to identify predictors of prognosis.

Results
A total of 256 patients were enrolled. The mean(s.d.) number of hepatic tumours resected was 2·0(2·4). The surgical mortality rate was 1·6 per cent. Median follow-up was 65 (range 1–261) months. Recurrences were detected in 192 patients (75·0 per cent). The median interval from hepatic resection to recurrence was 7 (range 1–72) months, and the dominant site of recurrence was the liver (72·4 per cent). Actuarial 1-, 3- and 5-year overall and recurrence-free survival rates were 77·3, 41·9 and 31·1 per cent, and 43·6, 32·4 and 30·1 per cent, respectively. Median overall and recurrence-free survival times were 31·1 and 9·4 months respectively. Multivariable analysis identified serosal invasion of the primary gastric cancer (hazard ratio (HR) 1·50; P = 0·012), three or more liver metastases (HR 2·33; P &lt; 0·001) and liver tumour diameter at least 5 cm (HR 1·62; P = 0·005) as independent predictors of poor survival.

Conclusion
Clinically resectable GCLM is rare, but strict and careful patient selection can lead to long-term survival following R0 surgical resection.
Cohort study of corticosteroid use and risk of hospital admission for diverticular disease
Authors: Hjern F , Mahmood M W , Abraham-Nordling M , Wolk A , Håkansson N 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Background
Medication has been suggested as a potential risk factor for diverticular disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the intake of corticosteroids, indometacin or aspirin and diverticular disease.

Method
This was a prospective population-based cohort study of middle-aged women in the Swedish Mammography Cohort. Use of corticosteroids (oral or inhaled), indometacin or aspirin in 1997 was determined from questionnaires. Cases of diverticular disease were identified from the Swedish national registers until the end of 2010. The relative risk (RR) of diverticular disease requiring hospital admission according to the use of medication was estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for age, body mass index, physical activity, fibre intake, diabetes, hypertension, alcohol, smoking and education.

Results
A total of 36 586 middle-aged women in the Swedish Mammography Cohort were included, of whom 674 (1·8 per cent) were hospitalized with diverticular disease at least once. Some 7·2 per cent of women reported intake of oral corticosteroids and 8·5 per cent use of inhaled corticosteroids. In multivariable analysis, women who reported oral corticosteroid intake had a 37 per cent (RR 1·37, 95 per cent c.i. 1·06 to 1·78; P = 0·012) increased risk of diverticular disease compared with those who reported no intake at all. Use of inhaled corticosteroids was associated with an even more pronounced increase in risk of 71 per cent (RR 1·71, 1·36 to 2·14; P &lt; 0·001). There was a significant dose–response relationship, with the risk increasing with longer duration of inhaled corticosteroids (P for trend &lt; 0·001). Use of indometacin (2·5 per cent of women) or aspirin (44·2 per cent) did not influence the risk.

Conclusion
There was a significant relationship between corticosteroids (especially inhaled) and diverticular disease requiring hospital admission.
Oxidation Potentials of N‐Modified Derivatives of the Analgesic Flupirtine Linked to Potassium KV7 Channel Opening Activity But Not Hepatocyte Toxicity
Authors: Lemmerhirt Christian J. , Rombach Mirko , Bodtke Anja , Bednarski Patrick J. , Link Andreas 
Published: November 2014

AbstractOpeners of neuronal voltage‐gated potassium channels (KV) are of interest as therapeutic agents for treating pain (flupirtine) and epilepsy (retigabine). In an effort to better understand the mechanisms of action and toxicity of flupirtine, we synthesized nine novel analogues with varying redox behavior. Flupirtine can be oxidatively metabolized into azaquinone diimines; thus, the oxidation potentials of flupirtine and its analogues were measured by cyclic voltammetry. KV7.2/3 (KCNQ2/3) opening activity was determined by an established assay with HEK293 cells overexpressing these channels. A link was found between the oxidation potentials of the compounds and their EC50 values for potassium channel opening activity. On the other hand, no correlation was observed between oxidation potentials and cytotoxicity in cultures of transgenic mouse hepatocytes (TAMH). These results support the idea that oxidative metabolites of flupirtine contribute to the mechanism of action, similar to what was recently proposed for acetaminophen (paracetamol), but not to hepatotoxicity.
Facile Synthesis of Gold‐Modified Platinum Catalysts with High Performance for Formic Acid Electro‐oxidation
Authors: Zhang Ke , Ren Fangfang , Wang Huiwen , Wang Caiqing , Zhu Mingshan , Du Yukou 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA facile, eco‐friendly method for the synthesis of gold/platinum catalysts through electrodeposition of platinum nanoparticles, followed by the deposition of solutions of HAuCl4 onto the surface of pre‐prepared platinum for a galvanic replacement reaction, is reported. Different molar ratios of bimetallic structures of platinum and gold could be easily achieved and characterized by energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, SEM, and XRD. Electrochemical measurements reveal that the electrocatalytic activities of these series of gold/platinum catalysts towards formic acid oxidation reaction are superior to that of pure platinum. In addition, the formic acid oxidation route is related to the molar ratio of gold to platinum, which can be ascribed to the influence of gold. The gold/platinum catalyst with a platinum to gold atomic ratio of 2.51:1 exhibits maximum activity. Moreover, this optimized molar ratio shows a highly stable electrocatalytic activity for CO antipoisoning effects. These experimental results suggest that the prepared gold/platinum catalysts have great potential for applications in fuel cells.
Super‐Reduced Mechanism of Nitric Oxide Reduction in Flavo‐Diiron NO Reductases
Authors: Attia Amr A. A. , Silaghi‐Dumitrescu Radu 
Published: November 2014

AbstractFlavo‐diiron nitric oxide reductases (FNORs) are non‐haem diiron proteins that protect anaerobic organisms against toxic nitric oxide by reducing it to nitrous oxide. The exact mechanism by which these enzymes operate is still unclear. Recent experimental evidence favors the diiron‐dinitrosyl mechanism involving [{FeNO}7]2 as a reactive intermediate in contrast to the previously suggested diiron‐mononitrosyl pathway. In this work a computational study of the diiron‐dinitrosyl, or the super‐reduced, mechanism has been undertaken and the key reactive intermediates have been identified. The two‐electron reduction of [{FeNO}7]2 to form [{FeNO}8]2 is confirmed as a key step for initiating the mechanism and leads to the instant formation of a hyponitrite adduct. The energy requirements for the formation of the intermediates competes well with the mono‐nitrosyl mechanism. This study provides an insight and a step forward towards gaining a better understanding of the mechanism of NO reduction by FNORs.
Cymbopogon citratus industrial waste as a potential source of bioactive compounds
Authors: Tavares Filipa , Costa Gustavo , Francisco Vera , Liberal Joana , Figueirinha Artur , Lopes Maria Celeste , Cruz Maria Teresa , Batista Maria Teresa 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDCymbopogon citratus (Cc), commonly known as lemongrass, is a very important crop worldwide, being grown in tropical countries. It is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and perfumery industries for its essential oil. Cc aqueous extracts are also used in traditional medicine. They contain high levels of polyphenols, which are known for their antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. Hydrodistillation of lemongrass essential oil produces an aqueous waste (CcHD) which is discarded. Therefore a comparative study between CcHD and Cc infusion (CcI) was performed to characterize its phytochemical profile and to research its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory potential.RESULTSHPLC‐PDA/ESI‐MSn analysis showed that CcI and CcHD have similar phenolic profiles, with CcHD presenting a higher amount of polyphenols. Additionally, both CcI and CcHD showed antioxidant activity against DPPH (EC50 of 41.72 ± 0.05 and 42.29 ± 0.05 µg mL−1 respectively) and strong anti‐inflammatory properties, by reducing NO production and iNOS expression in macrophages and through their NO‐scavenging activity, in a dose‐dependent manner. Furthermore, no cytotoxicity was observed.CONCLUSIONThe data of this study encourage considering the aqueous solution from Cc leaf hydrodistillation as a source of bioactive compounds, which may add great industrial value to this crop. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Vestibular functions were found to be impaired in patients with moderate‐to‐severe obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Kayabasi Serkan , Iriz Ayse , Cayonu Melih , Cengiz Bugra , Acar Aydin , Boynuegri Suleyman , Mujdeci Banu , Eryilmaz Adil 
Published: November 2014

Objectives/HypothesisObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and balance disorders are common chronic diseases seen in the general population. The aim of this study was to evaluate vestibular functions in individuals with OSA.Study DesignCross‐sectional clinical study.MethodsPatients who were referred to the sleep clinic in our hospital were classified into two groups according to a polysomnographic test: a moderate‐to‐severe OSA group and a mild OSA group. A vestibular system assessment of all patients was performed subjectively with the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) survey and objectively with videonystagmography.ResultsThe current investigation produced four major findings: 1) Apnea‐hypopnea index was significantly correlated with age and body mass index, whereas it was not correlated with Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores. 2) There was a significant difference in study groups in terms DHI scores, particularly in the physical subgroup. Moderate‐to‐severe OSA patients had higher scores in the physical subgroup of DHI. 3) Nystagmus and canal paresis rates were significantly higher in the moderate‐to‐severe OSA group when compared to the mild OSA group. 4) Results of the Romberg test, tandem Romberg test, cerebellar examinations, and positional tests were normal in both.ConclusionsAbnormal vestibular responses are common in individuals suffering from severe OSA, and dizziness has negative effects on the quality of life in these individuals.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 125:1244–1248, 2015
Development of a chemoradiation therapy toxicity staging system for oropharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Goepfert Ryan P. , Yom Sue S. , Ryan William R. , Cheung Steven W. 
Published: November 2014

Objectives/HypothesisDevelop an innovative tool to standardize representation of treatment toxicity and enable shared decision making by mapping provider‐based outcome descriptions to four overall stages of toxicity from chemoradiation therapy for oropharyngeal carcinoma.Study DesignCross‐sectional, provider‐based questionnaire.MethodsFive short‐term and five long‐term treatment outcomes of cisplatin and intensity‐modulated radiation therapy for oropharyngeal carcinoma were chosen by a focus group of head and neck oncologists. A pilot survey was developed in an online platform, and feedback from extramural head and neck oncologists was used to refine it for institutional review board submission and formal deployment. Respondents were surgical, radiation, and medical oncologists with experience in treating oropharyngeal carcinoma. One hundred five responses were analyzed, of which 67% were from providers with >10 years in practice and 79% were from providers who treat >15 new oropharyngeal carcinoma patients per year.ResultsA particular overall chemoradiation toxicity class is accounted for by two adjoining distress levels (>90% occurrence) for both short‐term and long‐term outcomes. Providers deemed mucositis and nausea, and pain and xerostomia the most distressing short‐term and long‐term toxicities, respectively. Providers were split as to their impression of the relative importance that patients place on short‐term versus long‐term outcomes when considering treatment options.ConclusionsA clinical tool to represent overall chemoradiation toxicity considering short‐term and long‐term outcomes has been developed by analyzing provider‐centric responses to a realistic clinical scenario. Results from this pilot study enhance patient counseling and shared decision making, and serve as foundational information for a prospective, longitudinal patient‐centric observational study.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:869–876, 2015
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Certal Victor F. , Zaghi Soroush , Riaz Muhammad , Vieira Antonio S. , Pinheiro Carlos T. , Kushida Clete , Capasso Robson , Camacho Macario 
Published: November 2014

Objectives/HypothesisPoor adherence to continuous positive airway pressure treatment in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) adversely affects the effectiveness of this therapy. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of hypoglossal nerve stimulation as an alternative therapy in the treatment of OSA.Data SourcesScopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases were searched (updated through September 5, 2014).MethodsStudies were included that evaluated the efficacy of hypoglossal nerve stimulation to treat OSA in adults with outcomes for apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), and effect on daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS]). Tests for heterogeneity and subgroup analysis were performed.ResultsSix prospective studies with 200 patients were included in this review. At 12 months, the pooled fixed effects analysis demonstrated statistically significant reductions in AHI, ODI, and ESS mean difference of −17.51 (95% CI: −20.69 to −14.34); −13.73 (95% CI: −16.87 to −10.58), and −4.42 (95% CI: −5.39 to −3.44), respectively. Similar significant reductions were observed at 3 and 6 months. Overall, the AHI was reduced between 50% and 57%, and the ODI was reduced between 48% and 52%. Despite using different hypoglossal nerve stimulators in each subgroup analysis, no significant heterogeneity was found in any of the comparisons, suggesting equivalent efficacy regardless of the system in use.ConclusionsThis review reveals that hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy may be considered in selected patients with OSA who fail medical treatment. Further studies comparing hypoglossal nerve stimulation with conventional therapies are needed to definitively evaluate outcomes.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:1254–1264, 2015
Clustered Nanocarriers: The Effect of Size on the Clustering of CCMV Virus‐Like Particles With Soft Macromolecules
Authors: Verwegen Martijn , Cornelissen Jeroen J. L. M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractVirus‐like particles (VLP) could enable a wide variety of biomedical applications in therapy, drug delivery, and imaging. They are biocompatible and can be self‐assembled into larger structured materials for additional functionality and potentially better biodistribution, which is still a challenging aspect. Here we investigate the role of the VLPs size and resulting Caspar Klug symmetry in forming clusters out of these building blocks, showing that the onset point for clustering is determined by steric considerations of the binding site and binding agent. The clustering is independent of cargo and the data suggests that rotational symmetry in the T = 3 capsid allows for hexagonal close packed structures, whereas the T = 1 capsid that lacks a six‐fold and twofold rotational axis does not show such organization.
Large strain similarity solution for a spherical or circular opening excavated in elastic‐perfectly plastic media
Authors: Park K.H. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryThis paper deals with the unloading problem of a spherical or circular opening excavated in elastic‐perfectly plastic media with a nonassociated Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion.A large strain similarity solution, using incremental velocity approach, is presented by replacing partial differential equations from stress equilibrium, constitutive law, consistency condition, and displacement equation with first‐order ordinary differential equations. The classical Runge–Kutta method is used to solve the first‐order ordinary differential equations.Comparisons among small and large strain solutions are made using some data sets of soil and rock. The results show that the displacements by large strain similarity solution are smaller than those by exact small strain solution and somewhat larger than those by large strain solution using total strain approach. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing anthracycline‐treated childhood cancer survivors with advanced stress echocardiography
Authors: Ryerson A. Blythe , Border William L. , Wasilewski‐Masker Karen , Goodman Michael , Meacham Lillian , Austin Harland , Mertens Ann C. 
Published: November 2014

BackgroundSurveillance for anthracycline cardiotoxicity in cancer survivors typically utilizes resting M‐mode and two‐dimensional echocardiography, which are insensitive to detection of subtle myocardial changes. We examined childhood cancer survivors treated with anthracyclines during exercise using various echocardiography techniques to investigate if these tools can better detect subclinical cardiac dysfunction.ProcedureWe recruited asymptomatic survivors at least five years post treatment. Echocardiography was performed at rest and at termination of exercise utilizing tissue Doppler techniques and strain rate imaging.ResultsEighty participants were characterized by cardiotoxicity risk status (high [12], moderate [23], low [24], no risk [21]) as defined by the Children's Oncology Group Long Term Follow‐Up Guidelines v3.0. The high‐risk group had a higher resting heart rate than controls (100 vs. 88 bpm [P for trend = 0.049]). Peak aerobic capacity in all groups was similar. Compared to controls at rest, the high‐risk group had evidence of diastolic dysfunction with lower E/A ratios (1.4 vs. 2.0, P = 0.008) and higher septal early diastolic velocities (E/E') of 11.7 versus 9.9 (P = 0.165). With exercise, this difference resolved and myocardial contractile reserve was preserved.ConclusionsAsymptomatic, pediatric cancer survivors at high‐risk for anthracycline cardiotoxicity have some evidence of diastolic filling abnormalities at rest. With exercise, they augment their systolic and diastolic function to achieve normal maximal aerobic capacity suggesting they are able to compensate for mild cardiac dysfunction in the early years after exposure. Additionally, findings suggest that routine exercise echocardiography may not be a useful surveillance tool to assess anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:502–508. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Structure based computational assessment of channel properties of assembled ORF‐8a from SARS‐CoV
Authors: Hsu Hao‐Jen , Lin Meng‐Han , Schindler Christina , Fischer Wolfgang B. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTORF 8a is a short 39 amino acid bitopic membrane protein encoded by severe acute respiratory syndrome causing corona virus (SARS‐CoV). It has been identified to increase permeability of the lipid membrane for cations. Permeability is suggested to occur due to the assembly of helical bundles. Computational models of a pentameric assembly of 8a peptides are generated using the first 22 amino acids, which include the transmembrane domain. Low energy structures reveal a hydrophilic pore mantled by residues Thr‐8, and −18, Ser‐11, Cys‐13, and Arg‐22. Potential of mean force (PMF) profiles for mono (Na+, K+, Cl−) and divalent (Ca2+) ions along the pore are calculated. The data support experimental findings of a weak cation selectivity of the channel. Calculations on 8a are compared to data derived for a pentameric bundle consisting of the M2 helices of the bacterial pentameric ligand gated ion channel GLIC (3EHZ). PMF curves of both, bundles 8a and M2, show sigmoidal shaped profiles. In comparison to the data for the M2‐GLIC model, data of the 8a bundle show lower amplitude of the PMF values between maximum and minimum and less discrimination amongst ions. Proteins 2015; 83:300–308. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PRMT1 and PRMT8 Regulate Retinoic Acid-Dependent Neuronal Differentiation with Implications to Neuropathology
Authors: Simandi Zoltan , Czipa Erik , Horvath Attila , Koszeghy Aron , Bordas Csilla , Póliska Szilárd , Juhász István , Imre László , Szabó Gábor , Dezso Balazs , Barta Endre , Sauer Sascha , Karolyi Katalin , Kovacs Ilona , Hutóczki Gábor , Bognár László , Klekner Álmos , Szucs Peter , Bálint Bálint L. , Nagy Laszlo 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Retinoids are morphogens and have been implicated in cell fate commitment of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to neurons. Their effects are mediated by RAR and RXR nuclear receptors. However, transcriptional cofactors required for cell and gene-specific retinoid signaling are not known. Here we show that protein arginine methyl transferase (PRMT) 1 and 8 have key roles in determining retinoid regulated gene expression and cellular specification in a multistage neuronal differentiation model of murine ESCs. PRMT1 acts as a selective modulator, providing the cells with a mechanism to reduce the potency of retinoid signals on regulatory “hotspots.” PRMT8 is a retinoid receptor target gene itself and acts as a cell type specific transcriptional coactivator of retinoid signaling at later stages of differentiation. Lack of either of them leads to reduced nuclear arginine methylation, dysregulated neuronal gene expression, and altered neuronal activity. Importantly, depletion of PRMT8 results in altered expression of a distinct set of genes, including markers of gliomagenesis. PRMT8 is almost entirely absent in human glioblastoma tissues. We propose that PRMT1 and PRMT8 serve as a rheostat of retinoid signaling to determine neuronal cell specification in a context-dependent manner and might also be relevant in the development of human brain malignancy. Stem Cells 2015;33:726–741