bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility of cobalt and nickel based alloys for bioaplication to nonuniform forms of corrosion
Authors: Vystrčil J. , Fojt J. , Moravec H. , Joska L. 
Published: May 2015

Streszczenie
Kobaltové a niklové slitiny jsou běžně používaným materiálem v zubním lékařství. Jedním z důvodů použití je snaha o nahrazení slitin drahých kovů, jejichž cena neustále vzrůstá. Slitiny navíc v porovnání se zlatem a jeho slitinami dosahují vyšších modulů pružnosti, což umožňuje zmenšení hmotnosti dentálních prací při zachování stejných pevnostních charakteristik. Práce byla zaměřena na studium korozního chování komerčně dostupných slitin niklu a kobaltu užívaných v bioaplikacích. Byla studována náchylnost k nerovnoměrným formám koroze a posouzen vliv mikrostruktury na charakter korozního napadení. Korozní chování slitin bylo hodnoceno v modelových tělních tekutinách s použitím elektrochemických technik. Materiály s výjimkou niklové slitiny s obsahem ceru vykazovaly dobrou korozní odolnost při potenciálech odpovídajících oxidačně redukčním potenciálům prostředí lidského organizmu. Výrazná korozní aktivita niklové slitiny s obsahem ceru byla dána přítomností neušlechtilé fáze bohaté na cer. Bylo prokázáno, že mikrostrukturní heterogenita studovaných materiálů má vliv na korozní chování.
Influence of zirconium (IV) cations on sealing quality of anodized aluminium
Authors: Zemanová M. , Bobok M. , Szelag P. 
Published: May 2015

Streszczenie
Skúmala sa kvalita utesnenia na báze zirkoničitých iónov pre anodicky oxidovaný hliník. Zisťovali sa optimálne podmienky utesňovania, pričom sa skúmali parametre: teplota a čas utesňovania a čas starnutia pripravených utesnených povlakov. Skúmala sa morfológia a zloženie pripravených povlakov. Zistilo sa, že parameter významne ovplyvňujúci kvalitu utesnených povlakov anodického oxidu hlinitého je teplota utesňovania. Pripravené povlaky sa potenciodynamicky skúmali v roztoku chloridových iónov. Neutesnený povlak v úzkom intervale potenciálov sa pasivuje, naopak utesnený neprejavuje pasivačné správanie.
The importance of factor analysis in quantitative and qualitative X-ray diffraction phase analysis
Authors: Camara A. H. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In the statistical treatment of measured data, factor analysis is often necessary. The methods involved can be used individually to emphasize the basic common factors in the group of variables; the factors produced can be then utilized as input data for other data analysis methods. The number of variables required to describe the system may be lowered, because the original variables may be correlated and, possibly, there is a smaller set of linearly independent variables. Thus, factor analysis is among the possible methods for the data analysis, when dealing with quantitative analytical measurements. Factor analysis of the measured data was used to lower the amount of variables in the analysis of steel; it was found that 94.5 % of the overall variance in the data can be attributed to three factors. Three original variables were assigned to these factors, lowering the number of required variables.
The impact of inorganic compounds used for protection of wood on cellulose
Authors: Antušková V. , Kučerová I. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Inorganic compounds were often used to protect wood from wood-decaying fungi and insects (e.g. compounds of arsenic, copper, chromium, zinc or boron) or as a retarder of combustion (e.g. ammonium salts, boron compounds). However, their use may accelerate degradation processes, which may show up as worsening of mechanical properties. The study deals with the impact of selected inorganic compounds (sodium chloride, copper sulphate pentahydrate, boric acid and ammonium sulphate) on cellulose. The samples of cellulose impregnated with the said compounds were subject to artificial aging. The cellulose was monitored for weight changes, changes in colour, values of aqueous extract pH, an average polymerization grade, mechanical properties, elementary composition and the content of bound inorganic compounds. The study was meant to identify stability of the used inorganic compounds in the conditions of artificial aging. The results imply that copper sulphate pentahydrate and ammonium sulphate accelerated degradation of cellulose the most. The effect of boric acid lead to larger deterioration of specimens namely in the conditions of dry aging. Sodium chloride had a negligible impact on the course of degradation. Used compounds continue to be at least partly retained in the cellulose specimens even after rinsing.
Daguerrotype – the first ever practically used photographic technique Daguerrotype – the first ever practically used photographic technique
Authors: Švadlena J. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The study summarises the basic information on daguerreotype, the first ever practically used photographic process, which was used mainly in the period 1840 - 1860. Daguerrotype takes advantage of a photosensitive layer of silver halides on a silver layer to capture an image, it uses a reaction of silver with mercury vapours to develop the image. The production process via daguerreotype as described hasn’t changed since its deployment and stabilisation in the middle of 19th century. The properties of a daguerreotype image are given by its soft microstructure, which could have only been described after introduction of the electron microscopy. The susceptibility of daguerrotypes to damage and degradations stems not only from their low mechanical resistance but also from unsuitable conservation interventions and archiving conditions.
Characteristics of water level fluctuations in Polish lakes – a review of the literature / Charakterystyka wahań poziomu wody w jeziorach polskich – przegląd piśmiennictwa
Authors: Kutyła Sebastian 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Water level fluctuations (WLF) in lakes are a natural feature that can be modified by human activities. The article presents a review of literature on the water level fluctuation in Polish lakes, their amplitude, periodicity and trends. WLF controlled by natural conditions and also those induced by human activity were considered. Although anthropogenic water level fluctuations in most Polish lakes seem to fall within the range of natural fluctuations, in some cases economic activities (e.g. the use of lakes for energy generation purposes) can lead to strong disturbances of the hydrological regime, causing an ecological instability that makes it impossible to maintain/achieve good ecological status. This, in turn, makes it necessary to define good ecological potential, being an environmental objective for such water bodies, which is less rigorous compared with good ecological status. The article indicates the need to expand the methods for the assessment of lakes in the country with new biological indicators to assess, in accordance with the Water Framework Directive requirements, the impact of hydrological alterations on biota
Method for Reduction of Pesticide Residue Levels in Raspberry and Blackcurrant Based on Utilization of Ozone
Authors: Balawejder Maciej , Szpyrka Ewa , Antos Piotr , Józefczyk Radosław , Piechowicz Bartosz , Sadło Stanisław 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The method for the reduction of pesticide residues in soft fruits based on utilization of ozone was proposed. The procedure allows for effective reduction of boscalid residues by 38% in raspberries, and about 58% thiram in blackcurrants. Furthermore, it can be used on an industrial scale.
Cultivar-Specific Variation in the Content of Nitrates (V) and (III) Depending on Potato Tuber Storage
Authors: Pobereżny Jarosław , Wszelaczyńska Elżbieta , Keutgen Anna J. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The order to monitor the chemical pollution of food, the dynamic development of ecology and specialisation in potato production as well as its large consumption caused the investigations about the influence of storage time and genetic conditions of potato on con-tents of nitrates (V) and (III) in tubers for different use purposes during 2009–2011.
In the present study, eight cultivars of potatoes with different use purposes and duration of vegetation time obtained from producer Norika Poland INC were used: ‘Albatros’, ‘Gala’, ‘Karatop’, ‘Kar-lena’, ‘Kiebitz’, ‘Lambada’, ‘Molli’ and ‘Pirol’.
The tubers of cultivars used for processing such as starch pro-duction (‘Albatros’) as well as chips and crisps (‘Karlena’) were characterised by the highest content of nitrates (V) and (III). After 6 months of storage, a significant decrease of nitrates (V) and (III) contents was observed, which from the point of view of the con-sumer should be considered as the beneficial effect. Regardless of cultivar, the depletion of nitrates (V) was in the mean of 4.7% and of nitrates (III) was about 4.4%. Regardless of the use purposes, the intake of 300 g of investigated potato tubers after harvest as well as after storage time does not exceed the recommended daily allowance for nitrates (V) and (III), where after the storage time this amount is even declining.
Soil Pollution with Copper, Lead and Zinc in the Surroundings of Large Copper Ore Tailings Impoundment
Authors: Musztyfaga Elżbieta , Kabała Cezary , Bielińska Agata Urszula , Cuske Mateusz , Gałka Bernard 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Analysis of the top-soil total content of heavy metals was carried out inthe vicinity of large copper ore tailings pound in the south-western Poland with regard to soil properties, direction and distance from the tailings pound. None of the soils under study ex-ceeded the limits admitted in the official standards for soil quality, but the assessment made in accordance with IUNG-guidelines to soil contamination determination showed that more than half of the monitoring sites have elevated metal content, Cu, in par-ticular. The results confirmed high effectiveness of dust control preventing its eolian spread from the tailings pound.
Economic and Ecological Aspects of Municipal Waste Management
Authors: Gałwa-Widera Monika 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The Act of 14 December 2012. Waste sets out measures to pro-tect the environment, human life and health, to prevent and re-duce the negative impact on the environment and human health resulting from the production and management of waste and limiting the overall impact of resource use and improving the ef-ficiency of such use. In this context, this study attempts to deter-mine the model method of preventing environmental pollution by harmful substances eluted from the municipal waste.
This paper presents the research target of which were commercial landfill Sobuczynie, which was analysed by looking at contempo-rary legal requirements specifically set out in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment regarding the location, construction and operation of landfills and the scope, duration and frequency, as well as the manner and conditions under which monitoring of landfills and illegal landfill in White and impact of uncontrolled spread of pollution on the environment within the “landfill”.
Integrating the Anaerobic Process with Ultrafiltration in Meat Industry Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Kwarciak-Kozłowska Anna , Krzywicka Aleksandra , Sławik-Dembiczak Lucyna 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to study meat industry wastewater treatment efficiency during fermentation process in ASBR reactor and post-treatment in UF process. The anaerobic process obtained a considerable degree of the removal of organic pollutants from raw wastewater designated as COD (73.3%), BOD (71.4%) and TOC (83.2%). The concentrations of COD and BOD were 435 and 443 mg/dm3, respectively. The value of TOC reached a level of 136 mg/dm3. Generated biogas in the methane fermentation process of wastewater from meat industry plants was characterized by high methane content (80.9% vol.). In the final part of the experiment, the UF process was used in order to post-treating effluent from ASBR reactor. During the UF process, COD, BOD and TOC parameters were removed at 67.2%, 68% and 70.4%, respectively.
The Content of Copper in Soils of Allotment Gardens in Zielona Góra, Poland
Authors: Walczak Barbara 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this paper, the total and phytoavailable form of copper in allotment garden in Zielona Góra are presented. Soil samples were collected from eight places in the allotments gardens and two samples from outside in the neighbourhood. The total content of copper varied from 2.58 to 16.23 mg · kg-1. The form of copper potentially avail-able for plants varied from 0.2 to 3.85 mg · kg-1. The total content of copper meets the requirements of Directive by the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development of the 21st March 2002 on the acceptable content of heavy metals in soils and Directive by the Minister of the Environment of the 9th September 2002 on the standards of soil quality and the standards of land quality
Historical Fiction as a Mixture of History and Romance: Towards the Genre Definition of the Historical Novel
Authors: Nagy Ladislav 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This article focuses on Walter Scott’s Waverley and its classification as the founding text of the historical novel by Georg Lukacs. The author attempts to show that Lukacs takes Scott too much at his word and posits Waverley in the tradition of the English historical novel as it developed from Defoe and Fielding, while neglecting the close ties that Waverley has with marginalized genres such as romance. The author also argues that rather than being an expression of class consciousness, Waverley is an attempt to justify a certain change in political attitude, from radicalism to conservatism
A Cross-Departmental Approach to Supporting Students with a Disability Affecting Foreign Language Acquisition
Authors: Lys Franziska , May Alison , Ravid Jeanne 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In order to enhance mobility, competitiveness, and opportunities for work, the European Union lists the ability to communicate in a foreign language and to understand another culture as an important objective in their language education policy. Knowledge of a foreign language is also an important objective for many American universities, which require students to study a foreign language as a prerequisite to graduate. Students with documented disabilities affecting the learning of a foreign language or students with poor foreign language learning skills, therefore, pose a significant challenge, since a foreign language requirement may prevent such students from graduating unless universities are willing to make special arrangements such as having students graduate without fulfilling the requirement or letting them take substitution classes. The question of what to do with such students is at the heart of this article. It describes how one mid-sized private university with a two-year language proficiency requirement has approached the problem to ensure that policies are implemented fairly. Rather than pulling students out of the foreign language classroom, the university succeeded in keeping students engaged with foreign language study through advising and mentoring across departments
The Problem of Kingship in Shakespeare’S History Plays
Authors: Dumitrašković Tatjana 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Elizabethan England was a state of repression and Shakespeare could not write his plays freely and he could not oppose Elizabeth and her government openly. So he had to use allegory and every one of his plays is an act of rebellion. This paper deals with Shakespeare’s history plays which are symbols of resistance to the rule of force and war politics, and that message is implicit in the way of presenting kings.
Failed Mothers, Monster Sons. Reading Shakespeare’S Richard Iii as a Fairy Tale
Authors: Percec Dana 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The paper looks at Shakespeare’s historical play Richard III and its fairy tale-like character given by the configuration of the main character as an arch-villain and the presence of motifs and patterns typically associated with the fairy tale genre. More specifically, it considers the mother-son relationship between the Duchess of York and Richard in the light of the motif of monstrous birth. It is not a coincidence that the emergence of such motifs coincides with the historical contexts of the early modern period. Reading Richard III in this key is related to the revisionist approach to chronicle plays.
The Falklands War and the British Stage
Authors: Radu Adrian 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The paper examines the way the Falklands War of 1982 was reflected in the creation of British playwrights. Officially, the war was seen as a heroic act, as another glorious page in the book of British history. But for many writers it contained nothing heroic; it was just noisy brandishing of weapons and useless loss of human lives.
Citizens’ Consultations – Public Spaces of Argument Evaluation? A View from Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Mădroane Irina Diana 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The article applies a recently developed framework for the reconstruction and evaluation of arguments based on practical reasoning (Fairclough and Fairclough 2012) to the analysis of a public consultation session organised by the Romanian Ministry of Environment and Forests in 2011, which made partial use of digital media. The session is concerned with the Environmental Impact Assessment report in a case of public notoriety in post-communist Romania: the goldmining project at Roșia Montană. The findings indicate that the critical questioning by the public is aimed at rebutting the corporation’s main claim and proposed course of action, but its final outcome is conditioned by the institutional context and the steps that follow the consultation session.
Words Used in The Classroom. A Contrastive Lexical Analysis of Two Instances of Oral Discourse
Authors: Mureşan Valentina Carina 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The paper looks at the oral exchanges between two teachers and their B2-C1 level students (Common European Framework of Reference) in a particular EFL classroom, from the perspective of the Cambridge examinations assessment standard for the category of “lexical resource”. Since teachers are the role models in terms of language production in the classroom, this research focused on revealing lexical features which characterise the classroom discourse of two teachers of English and the impact this exposure has on their students’ lexical production. This research is part of my doctoral research, which is a multifaceted analysis of authentic oral classroom exchanges in order to determine patterns and practices at the level of developing speaking skills in the EFL context.
The graphic method of sizing pipe reservoir for short, high-intensity rainfalls
Authors: Szeląg Bartosz , Kiczko Adam 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The graphic method of sizing pipe reservoir for short, high-intensity rainfalls. The sizing of a storage reservoir, in order to reduce maximum water discharges in stormwater drainage systems, is one of the major topics in the civil engineering. In this article a methodology that allows identifying an optimal capacity of a pipe reservoir is proposed. Applying a simplifi ed water fl ow model it was possible to bind various reservoir’s parameters (a reservoir diameter, a diameter of an outflow orifice and an outflow coefficient) with an inflow hydrograph (a peak fl ow, a time of rising, a hydrograph fineness, a maximum discharge and a total volume). On the basis of functional relationships the nomographs were elaborated, allowing determining a desirable size of the reservoir, in a sense of a required peak reduction. The usage of the proposed methodology is presented with a simple example.
AN INDIVIDUAL IN UNDERSTANDING SOUNDING SPACE OF OBJECTIVE REALITY: EXPERIENCE OF SOCIAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Sherbakova Anna I. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
The article covers the problem of comprehension of music as a sounding space of Genesis, the phenomenon comprising a spiritual meanings and values accumulated by mankind in the process of its formation and development. The author refers to the social-philosophical analysis of this phenomenon, offers a comprehensive methodology, which allows revealing its contents and mechanisms of influence on the processes in the space of culture
Republic of Moldova: Diaspora and Diaspora Policy
Authors: Mosneaga Valeriu 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Republic of Moldova: Diaspora and Diaspora policy. In this article the Moldovan Diaspora and Moldova’s policy regarding Diasporas phenomena are researched. The historical and the contemporary contexts of formation of Moldovan Diasporas are revealed. The roles of Moldovan citizens’ labor migration, as well as the formation of Moldovan communities and Diasporas abroad are analyzed. The main directions of Moldova’s Diaspora policy are shown: visa free regime and readmission; mobility and circular migration; juridical and social protection of Moldovan migrants abroad; the return and reintegration of Moldovan labor migrants into their homeland’s society. The role of state bodies in the development and implementation of migration policies on a national level is analyzed; the institutional changes and role of the Bureau for the Relations with Diaspora in the coordination of Moldovan state structures’ activity towards working with the Moldovan Diaspora is demonstrated. The role of non-state actors (migrant associations, Diaspora congresses, the church, trade unions, and other) in maintaining of language, culture, traditions, Moldovan identity, in the social and economical development, and Moldova’s cooperation with the accepting country are revealed. The state’s activity in protecting and respecting the political, socioeconomical, and cultural rights of Moldovan emigrants is characterized
Indices of tree competition in dense spruces stand originated from natural regeneration
Authors: Šebeň Vladimír , Bošeľa Michal , Konôpka Bohdan , Pajtí Jozef 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis paper aims to quantify relationships between the biometric parameters of young, 15-year old spruce stands at the Experimental Site Vrchslatina. In 2011, 40 spruce trees were selected to cover four classes of bio-sociological status (dominant, co-dominant, sub-dominant, and suppressed - 10 individuals each). The trees were measured for their height increments (by recording the distances between the successive whorls) and the increments of lateral branches at all whorls. The sample trees were then cut down and discs were taken from the stem base. In the laboratory, the discs were measured for the annual ring widths using WinDendro software. We focused on detailed analyses of the relationship between the bio-sociological status of the trees on the radial and height increments. Minor differences were found in the increments in the newest lateral whorls. The ratio between height increments and lateral branch increments was found to be higher in dominant trees (height increments is two times higher than the increments on the lateral branches). Conversely, the smallest ratio was found in suppressed trees (the ratio was around 1). The ratio between tree height and diameter at the stem base, as well as the ratio between height and radial increments, was the smallest for dominant and the highest for suppressed trees. Hence, relationships between height and diameter increments (both annual and cumulative) proved to reflect competition intensity among trees.