bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Paracrine Role for IL6 in Prostate Cancer Patients: Lack of Production by Primary or Metastatic Tumor Cells
Authors: Yu Shu-Han , Zheng Qizhi , Esopi David , Macgregor-Das Anne , Luo Jun , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Drake Charles G. , Vessella Robert , Morrissey Colm , De Marzo Angelo M. , Sfanos Karen S. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Correlative human studies suggest that the pleiotropic cytokine IL6 contributes to the development and/or progression of prostate cancer. However, the source of IL6 production in the prostate microenvironment in patients has yet to be determined. The cellular origin of IL6 in primary and metastatic prostate cancer was examined in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using a highly sensitive and specific chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) assay that underwent extensive analytical validation. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that benign prostate tissues often had higher expression of IL6 mRNA than matched tumor specimens. CISH analysis further indicated that both primary and metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma cells do not express IL6 mRNA. IL6 expression was highly heterogeneous across specimens and was nearly exclusively restricted to the prostate stromal compartment—including endothelial cells and macrophages, among other cell types. The number of IL6-expressing cells correlated positively with the presence of acute inflammation. In metastatic disease, tumor cells were negative in all lesions examined, and IL6 expression was restricted to endothelial cells within the vasculature of bone metastases. Finally, IL6 was not detected in any cells in soft tissue metastases. These data suggest that, in prostate cancer patients, paracrine rather than autocrine IL6 production is likely associated with any role for the cytokine in disease progression. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(10); 1175–84. ©2015 AACR.
Why engage in co-production of public services? Mixing theory and empirical evidence
Authors: Van Eijk Carola , Steen Trui 
Published: June 2015

Through processes of co-production, citizens collaborate with public service agents in the provision of public services. Despite the research attention given to co-production, some major gaps in our knowledge remain. One of these concerns the question why citizens engage in processes of co-production of public services. In this article, a theoretical model is built that brings the human factor into the study of co-production. The model explains citizens’ engagement in co-production referring to citizens’ perceptions of the co-production task and of their competency to contribute to the public service delivery process, citizens’ individual characteristics, and their self-interested and community-focused motivations. Empirical evidence from four co-production cases in the Netherlands and Belgium is used to demonstrate the model’s usefulness. The academic and practical relevance of the findings and suggestions for further research are discussed. Points for practitioners Governments seek ways to engage a broad range of citizens, especially as only a limited number of citizens respond to government’s initiatives to involve citizens. Insights about citizens’ engagement are tested in four cases: Client councils in health care organizations for elderly persons and in organizations for disabled people, representative advisory councils at primary schools, and neighborhood watches. Practitioners can learn more about what drives citizens to engage in co-production. This enables them to improve their methods of participant recruitment.
Anatomic Feasibility Study of Posterior Arthroscopic Tibiotalar Arthrodesis
Authors: Malekpour Louis , Rahali Said , Duparc Fabrice , Dujardin Franck , Roussignol Xavier 
Published: June 2015

Background: Operative indications for an anterior arthroscopic tibiotalar arthrodesis are well defined. A posterior approach with the patient in a prone position may be indicated when the anterior approach is precluded by the soft tissue condition or for a 1-step procedure associated with posterior approach subtalar fusion. Methods: An anatomic study assessed the feasibility of posterior arthroscopic tibiotalar fusion and sought to determine arthroscopy entry points, mortise cartilage freshening quality, and the risk of osseous, tendinous, vascular, and neural complications. Twenty-two zones of the fibular tibiotalar mortise were mapped from 10 specimens. Medial and lateral para-Achilles arthroscopic portals were used with a 4 mm 30-degree arthroscope. Chondral resection was performed with a motorized burr, curette, and osteotome. Results: The entire plafond of the tibia could be debrided in all cases, whereas the talar dome was debrided in its entirety in 20% of cases; in 80%, only the posterior two-thirds could be treated with the anterior portion approaching the neck of the talus being poorly accessible. More than 50% of the area of the malleolar grooves was debrided. There was 1 medial malleolar fracture and 1 peroneal artery lesion. Conclusion: The technique was shown to be feasible if there was no frontal hindfoot deformity or tibiotalar equinus preventing satisfactory resection of the posterior and anterior talar cartilage. Clinical Relevance: This study demonstrated that a posterior approach arthroscopic ankle fusion would lead to adequate joint preparation. This procedure reduces the risk of nerve damage.
The Rule of Rescue: An investigation into age-related preferences and the imperative to save a life
Authors: Watters Sarah 
Published: June 2015

The dominant rule of economic evaluation within health care posits that resources are distributed in order to maximize health benefit. There are instances, however, where the public has demonstrated that they do not prefer such an allocation scheme, particularly in the context of life-saving interventions. Objectives Deviations from preferences of maximizing health benefit have important implications on both financial and distributive levels. This study sought to specify the circumstances in which respondent preferences are inconsistent with maximizing health benefit. Methods Ninety respondents recruited from the London School of Economics and Political Science completed a questionnaire comprised of a series of paired profiles involving various combinations of life-saving or quality-of-life enhancing interventions. Results The results indicate that saving a life holds value beyond that captured by traditional health benefit measurement and that the value of saving a life is not consistent across ages. More specifically, the value of saving a life was age-dependent and markedly attenuated for older-age patients. Conclusions Many respondents were willing to overlook maximizing health benefit in order to rescue a life in immediate peril, and showed a diminished sense of moral imperative to rescue older-age patients. In light of difficulties related to the implementation of larger-scale policies incorporating Rule of Rescue concerns, the most realistic approaches will likely involve adopting smaller-scale policies that address issues such as do not resuscitate (DNRs) and living wills. Potential policy solutions such as age or monetary thresholds for life-saving interventions may be favoured in a research context; however, their overall social feasibility is questionable.
Images of Leadership Development From the Inside Out
Authors: Cairns-Lee Heather 
Published: June 2015

The Problem With the codification of leadership into frameworks, models, and theories that can be taught, leadership, an art that is essentially subjective, symbolic, and context-specific, is “translated into” an objective, pragmatic, and universal domain. Development can be elusive when approached from this universal perspective if external models distract leaders from exploring their own views and practices of leadership. The Solution This article explores the subjective and symbolic reality of those in leadership roles to discover what leaders can learn about their leadership and its development from awareness of their own mental models. These models are illuminated by an exploration of leaders’ naturally occurring metaphors and implicit leadership theories (ILTs) using clean language to acknowledge experience exactly as described while minimizing external influence or interpretation. The Stakeholders Leadership development practitioners can benefit from the innovative personalized approach to surfacing and exploring leaders’ own metaphors facilitated by clean language, offered in this article. Examples are given of the range of leadership metaphors surfaced with this method. Researchers can appreciate a novel approach to qualitative research interviewing and identify future research in surfacing ILTs through naturally occurring metaphor facilitated by clean language.
Antipsychotic therapeutic drug monitoring: psychiatrists’ attitudes and factors predicting likely future use
Authors: Law Suzanne , Haddad Peter M. , Chaudhry Imran B. , Husain Nusrat , Drake Richard J. , Flanagan Robert J. , David Anthony S. , Patel Maxine X. 
Published: June 2015

Background: This study aimed to explore predictive factors for future use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and to further examine psychiatrists’ current prescribing practices and perspectives regarding antipsychotic TDM using plasma concentrations. Method: A cross-sectional study for consultant psychiatrists using a postal questionnaire was conducted in north-west England. Data were combined with those of a previous London-based study and principal axis factor analysis was conducted to identify predictors of future use of TDM. Results: Most of the 181 participants (82.9%, 95% confidence interval 76.7–87.7%) agreed that ‘if TDM for antipsychotics were readily available, I would use it’. Factor analysis identified five factors from the original 35 items regarding TDM. Four of the factors significantly predicted likely future use of antipsychotic TDM and together explained 40% of the variance in a multivariate linear regression model. Likely future use increased with positive attitudes and expectations, and decreased with potential barriers, negative attitudes and negative expectations. Scientific perspectives of TDM and psychiatrist characteristics were not significant predictors. Conclusion: Most senior psychiatrists indicated that they would use antipsychotic TDM if available. However, psychiatrists’ attitudes and expectations and the potential barriers need to be addressed, in addition to the scientific evidence, before widespread use of antipsychotic TDM is likely in clinical practice.
Chemotherapy-only treatment effects on long-term neurocognitive functioning in childhood ALL survivors: a review and meta-analysis
Authors: Iyer Neel S. , Balsamo Lyn M. , Bracken Michael B. , Kadan-Lottick Nina S. 
Published: June 2015

Key PointsChildren treated for ALL without cranial radiation display significant IQ deficits of 6 to 8 points compared with healthy controls. Moderate deficits occur in other neurocognitive domains including working memory, information processing speed, and fine motor functioning.
Fixed lag smoothing target tracking in clutter for a high pulse repetition frequency radar
Authors: Khan Uzair , Shi Yi Fang , Song Taek Lyul 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A new method to smooth the target hybrid state with Gaussian mixture measurement likelihood-integrated track splitting (GMM-ITS) in the presence of clutter for a high pulse repetition frequency (HPRF) radar is proposed. This method smooths the target state at fixed lag N and considers all feasible multi-scan target existence sequences in the temporal window of scans in order to smooth the target hybrid state. The smoothing window can be of any length N. The proposed method to smooth the target hybrid state at fixed lag is also applied to the enhanced multiple model (EMM) tracking algorithm. Simulation results indicate that the performance of fixed lag smoothing GMM-ITS significantly improves false track discrimination and root mean square errors (RMSEs).
The generation of macrophages with anti-inflammatory activity in the absence of STAT6 signaling
Authors: Fleming Bryan D , Chandrasekaran Prabha , Dillon Laura A L , Dalby Elizabeth , Suresh Rahul , Sarkar Arup , El-Sayed Najib M , Mosser David M 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Macrophages readily change their phenotype in response to exogenous stimuli. In this work, macrophages were stimulated under a variety of experimental conditions, and phenotypic alterations were correlated with changes in gene expression. We identified 3 transcriptionally related populations of macrophages with immunoregulatory activity. They were generated by stimulating cells with TLR ligands in the presence of 3 different “reprogramming” signals: high-density ICs, PGE2, or Ado. All 3 of these cell populations produced high levels of transcripts for IL-10 and growth and angiogenic factors. They also secreted reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12. All 3 macrophage phenotypes could partially rescue mice from lethal endotoxemia, and therefore, we consider each to have anti-inflammatory activity. This ability to regulate innate-immune responses occurred equally well in macrophages from STAT6-deficient mice. The lack of STAT6 did not affect the ability of macrophages to change cytokine production reciprocally or to rescue mice from lethal endotoxemia. Furthermore, treatment of macrophages with IL-4 failed to induce similar phenotypic or transcriptional alterations. This work demonstrates that there are multiple ways to generate macrophages with immunoregulatory activity. These anti-inflammatory macrophages are transcriptionally and functionally related to each other and are quite distinct from macrophages treated with IL-4.
Moving through change
Authors: Østern (PhD) Tone Pernille , Øyen (BA) Elen 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this article the authors scrutinize their own experiences of dance improvisation with differently bodied dancers and seek to connect this experience to embodied transformative learning. As dance teachers and teacher educators they are concerned that the possibilities and values embedded in embodied learning are only minimally understood in schools and teacher education in Norway, where they work. Embodied transformative learning enables students and teachers to experience new sensations and understandings of themselves as individuals and as members of a community. They can gain insight into the capabilities of others and understand the potential for different and unique students to become dancers and choreographers. These discoveries made in dance improvisation connect to critical and transformative pedagogy as well as to politics.
Conversations with Hantaï: Didi-Huberman, Damisch, Rouan, Nancy
Authors: Armstrong Philip , Lisbon Laura 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This series of translations offer recent engagements with Simon Hantaï’s work in France for the first time to an English-speaking audience. They include a text by Hantaï himself as well as texts on, and letters to Hantaï by Georges Didi-Huberman, Hubert Damisch, François Rouan and Jean-Luc Nancy. Representative of the wide-ranging conversations, dialogues and exchanges Hantaï entertained with philosophers, art historians and other artists, the translations reveal the extent to which Hantaï’s method of folding can be understood in philosophical, historical and theoretical terms.
Simon Hantaï: Round table discussion
Authors: Finch Mick 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The objective of the round table was to open up a discussion around Simon Hantaï’s work with questions that are specifically from a non-French position. Isabelle Monod-Fontaine, as one of the three curators of the 2013 Centre Pompidou exhibition and François Rouan, as both a friend and a younger painter, offer intimate perspectives on Hantaï’s life and work. The discussions look at key issues in both the production and the reception of Hantaï’s painting. The relationship between method and process is opened up as a key distinction, against the background of American art and painting. Hantaï’s withdrawal from the studio and his uneasy relationship to the art world are also discussed.
Éric de Chassey on Simon Hantaï
Authors: Finch Mick 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This is a transcript of an interview with Éric de Chassey conducted by Mick Finch on the occasion of the Simon Hantaï exhibition curated by de Chassey at the Villa Médici in Rome between the 12 February to 11 May 2014. De Chassey is Professor of Art History at the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Lyons and has, since 2009, been the Director of the French Academy in Rome, the Villa Medici. The Villa Medici exhibition took place after the major Hantaï exhibition at the Centre Pompidou in 2013 for which de Chassey had contributed an catalogue essay on Hantaï’s silkscreen work. The interview discusses the context of the Villa Medici exhibition and particuarly the way Hantaï’s latter years were represented. The interview took place at the Villa Medici on Sunday 11 May 2014.
Reivews
Authors: Hays Dan , Martins Central Saint , Hjelde Katrine , Bristow Maxine , Morley Simon , Hebson Nadia 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
‘John Timberlake: We Are History’, Beaconsfield, London, 28 June–30 August 2014
‘An Appetite for Painting. Contemporary Painting 2000–2014’, Museum of Contemporary Art, Oslo, Norway, 12 September 2014–4 January 2015
‘Nasreen Mohamedi’, Tate Liverpool, 6 June–5 October 2014
‘The Art of Dansaekhwa’, Kukje Gallery, Seoul, 28 August–19 October 2014
‘Christina Ramberg’, 42 Carlton Place, Glasgow, 4–21 April 2014
The Relationship between the Transformational Leadership Style with Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction of Physical Education Teachers of General Educational Office of Ardebil Province
Authors: Ashkani Mahdi , Najafzadeh Mohammad Rahim 
Published: June 2015

The main objective of this study is to examine the relationship between transformational leadership style of managers with organizational commitment and job satisfaction of physical education teachers in Ardabil province. The statistical population consists of all the managers and teachers of physical education in the city of Ardabil schools. Based on Statistical Center of Education Office of Ardabil province, this number equaled 170 in the academic year 2013-2014. a statistical sample is the same as the statistical population. Data collection tools included multifactor leadership questionnaire of Bsoavoliv, organizational commitment questionnaire of Allen and Meyer and job satisfaction of JDI Buff. Transformational leaders make organizational commitment and job satisfaction increase by a sense of confidence and care about the values and beliefs and also by encouraging the prospecting, the emphasis on the attainable goals, fostering sense of cooperation and finding new ways of doing things.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i4.12678
La logique non économique de Vladimir Poutine
Authors: Joutchkova Ioulia , Inozemtsev Vladislav L. 
Published: June 2015

La crise économique russe ne découle pas des décisions occidentales suite au conflit russo-ukrainien. Cette crise était prévue et annoncée. Mais les dirigeants russes ont préféré la traiter politiquement, en cherchant à cristalliser l’opinion intérieure contre « l’agression » de l’Occident. Il est peu probable que cette opinion se retourne à court terme. La rhétorique nationaliste et l’agressivité extérieure vont continuer à camoufler de sérieuses difficultés économiques.
Des sources affectives jamais taries… Ferenczi, la technique analytique et la position « maternelle »
Authors: Bokanowski Thierry 
Published: June 2015

Du fait de leur profonde hétérodoxie , certaines propositions techniques avancées par Ferenczi ont abouti à ce qu’elles deviennent l’objet d’un profond différend théorico-pratique avec Freud. Ce désaccord, qui concernait leur conception du traumatisme infantile, était dû au fait que Ferenczi proposait – face aux difficultés contre-transférentielles rencontrées lors du travail analytique avec certaines conjonctures cliniques complexes – qu’un analyste puisse se mettre réellement dans une position de « tendre mère » vis-à-vis de son patient. Cet article cherche à soutenir qu’en procédant ainsi, Ferenczi, dans sa furor sanandi , avait surtout comme idée celle d’indiquer les chemins possibles pour tenter de montrer au patient la fiabilité de l’analyste, comme ses capacités de contenance.
Empathie et consolation Retour aux sources du soin psychique
Authors: Hochmann Jacques 
Published: June 2015

Le soin psychiatrique a reçu de la psychanalyse une impulsion considérable. En se détachant de la psychanalyse, la psychiatrie d’aujourd’hui subit une régression théorico-pratique. En prenant en compte des concepts dont elle s’est longtemps défiée : empathie et consolation, la psychanalyse peut contribuer à un renouveau d’une psychiatrie en manque de repères psychopathologiques.
Consolations : évidence, surprise ou impossibilité
Authors: Zilkha Nathalie 
Published: June 2015

Le dispositif invite au processus de consolation, plus précisément aux différents registres de celui-ci. Mais qu’est-ce qui fonde la valeur de l’expérience consolatrice dans la cure ? L’auteur explore cette question dans la perspective du complexe de castration, puis dans celle de l’illusion et de la désillusion, des facettes de la consolation qui œuvrent de manière conjuguée. Mais être consolé ne va pas forcément de soi. Au-delà d’une part d’inconsolé nichée dans certaines de nos peines, l’impossible accès à la consolation sollicite tout autrement l’analyste. Lorsqu’elle croise l’inconsolable, la résistance peut prendre la forme de l’exception. Richard III, et les patients qu’il nous évoque, lutteraient-ils contre un inconsolable qui semble sceller leur destin ?
Inconsolables ?
Authors: Bourdin Dominique 
Published: June 2015

La notion de consolation semble d’abord liée à la douleur du deuil et renvoie notamment aux parents inconsolables d’avoir perdu un enfant. Mais Stig Dagerman évoque le besoin de consolation incoercible et sans solution suscité par la vie elle-même. La foi religieuse doit-elle être considérée comme une forme de consolation ? S’il est intéressant de regarder la façon dont la croyance se manifeste et se formule lors d’un traitement analytique, c’est son ambiguïté qui est frappante ; c’est plutôt du côté de l’émergence d’un courant tendre que nous chercherons si la notion de consolation peut avoir une pertinence en psychanalyse.
Cinéma et urbanité à Tunis sous le protectorat français
Authors: Corriou Morgan 
Published: June 2015

L’introduction du cinématographe à Tunis ne paraît pas, à première vue, révolutionner la géographie des loisirs dans la cité. Les salles se concentrent dans le centre, favorisant les quartiers les plus animés des nuits tunisoises. Pour autant, s’il évite les zones excentrées, le cinéma quadrille plus finement la ville : il s’immisce dans les quartiers et investit une médina en voie de marginalisation. Ainsi, les formes anciennes d’urbanisation ne semblent en rien incompatibles avec les nouveaux modes de vie citadins. La fréquentation des salles s’inscrit, d’abord, dans une géographie du proche. L’importance sociale de la salle de quartier et les barrières multiples qui restreignent les déplacements des habitants sont loin, toutefois, de circonscrire les pratiques des spectateurs. L’expansion du loisir cinématographique donne lieu à des circulations toujours plus vastes qui participent d’une appropriation de la ville et d’une rupture de l’entre soi. Les cinémas du centre-ville s’imposent dans l’après-guerre comme le lieu de sociabilité d’une jeune génération éduquée qui en fait la clé de son identité citadine.
Hernando de Talavera : de la conversion idéale à l’utopie de la conversion
Authors: Codet Cécile 
Published: June 2015

Ce travail se propose d’analyser l’importance prise par l’idée de conversion dans la vie et l’œuvre de Hernando de Talavera (ca. 1428-1507). Probablement d’origine judeo-converse lui-même, il fut conduit au cours de sa carrière à construire une véritable politique de conversion à l’égard des Juifs et des Maures. Nous tenterons donc de mieux définir cette politique, et d’apporter des éléments d’explication à son échec final.