bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interferon regulatory factor 8 protects against cerebral ischaemic‐reperfusion injury
Authors: Xiang Mei , Wang Lang , Guo Sen , Lu Yan‐Yun , Lei Hao , Jiang Ding‐Sheng , Zhang Yan , Liu Yi , Zhou Yan , Zhang Xiao‐Dong , Li Hongliang 
Published: February 2014

AbstractInterferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), a transcriptional regulator in the IRF family, has been implicated in innate immunity, immune cell differentiation and tumour cell apoptosis. In the present study, we found that IRF8 is constitutively expressed in the brain and suppressed after cerebral ischaemia in a time‐dependent manner. IRF8 knockout (IRF8‐KO) mice, wild type (WT) mice, neuron‐specific IRF8 transgenic (TG) mice and non‐transgenic mice were used in a transient cerebral ischaemic model. The IRF8 knockout mice exhibited aggravated apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative injury in the ischaemic brain, eventually leading to poorer stroke outcomes, whereas neuron‐specific IRF8 transgenic mice showed a marked inhibition of apoptosis and improved stroke outcomes. To model ischaemia/reperfusion conditions in vitro, primary cortical neurons were cultured and subjected to transient oxygen and glucose deprivation for 60 min. Similar to the in vivo study, IRF8 knockdown by Ad‐shIRF8 resulted in increased apoptosis, whereas IRF8 over‐expression by Ad‐IRF8 significantly decreased neuronal apoptosis. These data indicate that IRF8 is strongly protective in ischaemic stroke by regulating neuronal apoptosis, the inflammatory response and oxidative stress.
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In the present study, we found that the transcriptional factor IRF8 plays a protective role in the cerebral ischaemic‐reperfusion injury by attenuating neuronal apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation. Besides the known function of IRF8 in regulating the inflammatory gene expression, we first demonstrated that IRF8 can directly modulate apoptosis and oxidative stress by controlling the relative genes expression.
Morphological pattern of intrinsic nerve plexus distributed on the rabbit heart and interatrial septum
Authors: Saburkina Inga , Gukauskiene Ligita , Rysevaite Kristina , Brack Kieran E. , Pauza Audrys G. , Pauziene Neringa , Pauza Dainius H. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAlthough the rabbit is routinely used as the animal model of choice to investigate cardiac electrophysiology, the neuroanatomy of the rabbit heart is not well documented. The aim of this study was to examine the topography of the intrinsic nerve plexus located on the rabbit heart surface and interatrial septum stained histochemically for acetylcholinesterase using pressure‐distended whole hearts and whole‐mount preparations from 33 Californian rabbits. Mediastinal cardiac nerves entered the venous part of the heart along the root of the right cranial vein (superior caval vein) and at the bifurcation of the pulmonary trunk. The accessing nerves of the venous part of the heart passed into the nerve plexus of heart hilum at the heart base. Nerves approaching the heart extended epicardially and innervated the atria, interatrial septum and ventricles by five nerve subplexuses, i.e. left and middle dorsal, dorsal right atrial, ventral right and left atrial subplexuses. Numerous nerves accessed the arterial part of the arterial part of the heart hilum between the aorta and pulmonary trunk, and distributed onto ventricles by the left and right coronary subplexuses. Clusters of intrinsic cardiac neurons were concentrated at the heart base at the roots of pulmonary veins with some positioned on the infundibulum. The mean number of intrinsic neurons in the rabbit heart is not significantly affected by aging: 2200 ± 262 (range 1517–2788; aged) vs. 2118 ± 108 (range 1513–2822; juvenile). In conclusion, despite anatomic differences in the distribution of intrinsic cardiac neurons and the presence of well‐developed nerve plexus within the heart hilum, the topography of all seven subplexuses of the intrinsic nerve plexus in rabbit heart corresponds rather well to other mammalian species, including humans.
Elevated expression of CX3C chemokine receptor 1 mediates recruitment of T cells into bone marrow of patients with acquired aplastic anaemia
Authors: Ren J. , Hou X. Y. , Ma S. H. , Zhang F. K. , Zhen J. H. , Sun L. , Sun Y. X. , Hao Y. L. , Cheng Y. F. , Hou M. , Xu C. G. , Zhang M. H. , Peng J. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractObjectiveAcquired aplastic anaemia (AA) is a T‐cell‐mediated, organ‐specific autoimmune disease characterized by haematopoietic stem cell destruction in the bone marrow. The exact molecular mechanism of T‐cell trafficking into the bone marrow is unclear in AA. Very late activation antigen‐4 (VLA‐4) and CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) play active roles in many autoimmune diseases. Therefore, we investigated whether VLA‐4 and CX3CR1 also contribute to T‐cell migration into the bone marrow in acquired AA.Design, setting and subjectsExpression levels of CX3CR1 and VLA‐4 and their ligands [fractalkine (CX3CL1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1)] were examined in 63 patients with AA and 21 healthy control subjects. T‐cell chemotaxis and adhesion were analysed in 17 patients with severe AA. We also prospectively evaluated the expression pattern of CX3CR1 during treatment with antithymocyte globulin plus cyclosporine in 11 patients with severe AA.ResultsThe proportion of peripheral and bone marrow CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing CX3CR1 and the level of CX3CL1 was increased in patients with AA. However, there was no significant difference in VLA‐4 expression or VCAM‐1 levels. Functional studies demonstrated that chemotaxis towards autologous bone marrow plasma or soluble CX3CL1 was significantly higher in T cells from AA patients and could be blocked by CX3CR1 inhibitors. CX3CR1‐mediated T‐cell adhesion was also upregulated in these patients. The expression of CX3CR1 was associated with the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy.ConclusionThe present findings demonstrate that CX3CR1 plays a pivotal role in recruitment of T cells into the bone marrow in acquired AA and is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of this disorder.
Collaborative crafting in call centre teams
Authors: McClelland Giles P. , Leach Desmond J. , Clegg Chris W. , McGowan Ian 
Published: February 2014

Job crafting research has typically examined the antecedents and outcomes of individual‐level crafting. In this study, we test a model of team‐level or collaborative job crafting using data collected from 242 call centre teams and supervisors' ratings of team performance. The focus on teams with narrowly defined tasks and limited decision‐making responsibility are unique features of this study. As predicted, collaborative crafting was found to relate positively to team efficacy, team control, and team interdependence, which in turn were found to relate positively to work engagement and team performance. The implications for theory development, future research, and practice are discussed.Practitioner points

Even in a work environment characterized by low control, there remain opportunities for collaborative job crafting.

Collaborative crafting is associated with higher employee engagement and team performance.

Call centre supervisors and managers need to be aware of the potential benefits of collaborative crafting to ensure it is not inhibited by their behaviours (such as enhanced monitoring).

As positive consequences are associated with collaborative crafting, organizations should consider team training to enhance the collaborative crafting capability of teams.
Regression of oral lichenoid lesions after replacement of dental restorations
Authors: Mårell L. , Tillberg A. , Widman L. , Bergdahl J. , Berglund A. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryThe aim of the study was to determine the prognosis and to evaluate the regression of lichenoid contact reactions (LCR) and oral lichen planus (OLP) after replacement of dental restorative materials suspected as causing the lesions. Forty‐four referred patients with oral lesions participated in a follow‐up study that was initiated an average of 6 years after the first examination at the Department of Odontology, i.e. the baseline examination. The patients underwent odontological clinical examination and answered a questionnaire with questions regarding dental health, medical and psychological health, and treatments undertaken from baseline to follow‐up. After exchange of dental materials, regression of oral lesions was significantly higher among patients with LCR than with OLP. As no cases with OLP regressed after an exchange of materials, a proper diagnosis has to be made to avoid unnecessary exchanges of intact restorations on patients with OLP.
Primary care‐based facial pain unit inVantaa: the first experiences 2003–2009
Authors: Kotiranta U. , Suni J. , Kauppila T. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryAs an attempt to tackle the challenge in serving facial pain patients, the first primary care‐based facial pain unit was founded in 2003 as part of public dental primary care ofVantaa,Finland. Data were collected, consisting of sex, age, sources of referrals, reasons for seeking care, diagnoses made, therapeutic procedures, and numbers of visits to dentists and phone consultations. To describe the development of the present pain management system, we divided the observation periods into two parts: 2003–2006 and 2007–2009 and compared frequencies of the studied parameters between the two follow‐up periods. During 2003–2006, 370 patients were examined and the number of visits was 659, corresponding patients′ number was 437 and visits′ number 960 during 2007–2009. Referrals to the primary care facial pain unit came from primary care dentists (80%), respective primary care pain unitGPs (6%), oral hygienists (3%) and ordinaryGPs (2%). Four percentage of the patients′ referrals came from secondary and tertiary care clinics of various types and 5% from private sector dentists and specialists. The average number of telephone consultations per year increased from 51 to 300 between study periods. During the follow‐up period, the main reason for seeking care from our unit was temporomandibular disorders. Education in self‐care, oral appliance therapy and physiotherapy were mostly used as management for these pain problems. The facial pain management unit in primary health care could be a useful model to serve increasing numbers of chronic facial pain patients.
Spatial distribution of cancer stem cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Hildebrand Laura C. , Carvalho Ana L. , Lauxen Isabel S. , Nör Jacques E. , Cerski Carlos T. S. , Sant'Ana Filho Manoel 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundCD44 and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) are considered putative markers of highly tumorigenic cells (i.e., cancer stem‐like cells) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. This small subset of cells is believed to be the primary responsible for tumor initiation and progression. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the patterns of CD44 and ALDH1 expression in the tumor center and in the invasive front, as well as in adjacent non‐tumor epithelium, and (ii) to correlate these findings with clinical parameters.Materials and methodsThe sample comprised 44 patients with primary head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used for histopathological tumor grading and for morphological analysis of adjacent non‐tumor epithelium. Semiquantitative analysis was performed in histological sections immunostained for CD44 and ALDH1.ResultsALDH1 immunostaining in the invasive front showed positive association with tumor size, regional metastasis, tumor histopathological grading, and disease progression. Moreover, expression of this marker in both tumor invasive front and adjacent non‐tumor epithelium was related with more aggressive tumors. CD44 immunostaining was heterogeneous in all areas evaluated and did not show association with clinical data.ConclusionCollectively, these data suggest that ALDH1 immunostaining in the invasive front and in adjacent non‐tumor epithelium may help identify tumors with a more aggressive behavior, potentially contributing to improving treatment customization and the monitoring of patients with head and neck cancer.
Long‐Term Effects of Fathers' Depressed Mood on Youth Internalizing Symptoms in Early Adulthood
Authors: Reeb Ben T. , Wu Ed Y. , Martin Monica J. , Gelardi Kristina L. , Chan Sut Yee Shirley , Conger Katherine J. 
Published: February 2014

While an accumulating body of research has documented increased risk of psychopathology among children of depressed fathers, most studies have used cross‐sectional design, and little is known about offspring outcomes beyond childhood. Using prospective data from a community sample (N = 395), we found that paternal depressive symptoms when children were in early adolescence (age 13) predicted offspring depressive and anxiety symptoms at age 21, controlling for baseline youth symptoms, maternal depressive symptoms, and other known correlates of internalizing problems in early adulthood. Associations were not moderated by maternal depressive symptoms or child gender. These results suggest that the unique and long‐term effects of paternal depression on children's risk of mood disorders may persist into adulthood.
A Proposal on How the Regulator Should Set Minimum Interest Rate Guarantees in Participating Life Insurance Contracts
Authors: Schmeiser Hato , Wagner Joël 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe consider a contingent claim model framework for participating life insurance contracts and assume a competitive market with minimum solvency requirements as provided by Solvency II. In a first step, the implications of the regulator's imposing a particular interest rate guarantee on the insurer's asset allocation are analyzed in a reference situation. We study the sensitivity of the interaction between the interest rate guarantee and the asset allocation when the risk‐free interest rate changes. Particular attention is paid to the current market situation where the guaranteed interest rate is often close to the risk‐free interest rate. In a second step, we assess at what level the interest rate guarantee should be set by the regulator in order to maximize policyholders' utility. We show that the results yielded by the proposed concept to derive an optimal value for the interest rate guarantee are very stable for various model parameters.
Beyond the borderline: Outcomes for inborn infants born at ≤500 grams
Authors: Keir Amy , McPhee Andrew , Wilkinson Dominic 
Published: February 2014

AimTo report survival, morbidity and neurodevelopmental outcome in a cohort of extremely low birthweight infants.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of all inborn infants born alive with birthweights ≤500 g ≥22 weeks gestation at Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia, over a 6‐year period (2005–2010). Outcome data including standardised medical and psychological assessments at 12 and 36 months corrected age were collated from follow‐up.ResultsA total of 36 eligible infants were born over the study period (mean gestational age (GA) 24.4 (range 22.0–30.0) weeks; birthweight 443 (330–500) grams). Twenty‐six of the 36 (72%) infants were small for gestational age (SGA).Ten of the 36 infants received compassionate care and died in the delivery or operating room. Twenty‐six of the 36 infants were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), of whom 12 (46%) died during their admission. At age 12 months corrected, 2/14 (14%) of survivors had none/minimal, 4/14 (29%) had mild and 8/14 (57%) had moderate/severe neurodevelopmental disability. Overall, the survival rate was 39%, and survival without neurodevelopmental disability was 6%. Only 1/10 appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age (AGA) infants survived to discharge (and had severe disability), whereas 13/26 (50%) of all SGA infants in the study survived to discharge. Of all infants admitted to the NICU, 11/26 (42%) survived without severe neurodevelopmental disability at latest follow‐up.ConclusionsThere was a high risk of death or impairment in this cohort of infants. Survival was rare for AGA infants weighing ≤500 g at birth. Our study provides an evidence base to assist counselling and decision‐making.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Leeuwen Lisette , Fitzgerald Dominic A 
Published: February 2014

AbstractCongenital diaphragmatic hernia is an uncommon congenital anomaly of the diaphragm with pulmonary hypoplasia and persistent pulmonary hypertension as serious consequences. Despite recent advances in therapy, congenital diaphragmatic hernia remains a challenging condition. Best treatment strategies are still largely unknown, and practice strategies vary widely among different centres. Additionally, as congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a relatively uncommon condition, it is difficult to recruit sufficient numbers of patients for clinical trials. In recent years, survival rates of congenital diaphragmatic hernia patients appear to have increased. With the progressively improved survival rates, the long‐term prognosis and quality of life of patients have become an increasingly important issue. Survivors have been shown to be at risk for many long‐term morbidities, which highlights the importance of long‐term follow‐up of these children. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the current knowledge regarding congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous baclofen in dogs: a preliminary study
Authors: Scherkenbach Lisa A , Coles Lisa D , Patterson Edward E , Cloyd James C , Krach Linda E , Kriel Robert L 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Abrupt discontinuation of baclofen therapy is associated with a clinically serious withdrawal syndrome. Current treatment modalities are often ineffective. Intravenous (IV) baclofen is a potential method for preventing or treating baclofen withdrawal syndrome.

Objectives
To complete a preliminary study of IV baclofen in dogs.

Methods
Single bolus IV doses (0.5, 2 and 3 mg/kg) as well as multiple dose regimens were evaluated. Sedation and clinical tolerability was assessed by modified Glasgow Coma Scale and Discomfort and Behaviour Scale.

Key findings
Baclofen concentration-time profiles following single IV boluses were best fit by a two-compartment model which was used to predict plasma concentrations for the multiple dose regimens. The mean distribution and elimination half-lives were 11 min and 222 min, respectively. Maximum clinical effect did not occur until approximately 120 min. The discomfort score increased proportionately with increased single IV bolus doses. Multiple dose regimens resulted in greater than proportionate discomfort scores based on total dose and were generally not as well tolerated.

Conclusions
If projected for human use, our data suggests that initial IV baclofen doses will need to be reduced by approximately one-third of the usual oral dose, and clinicians should observe patients for several hours before administering subsequent doses.
Targeting interleukin-1β reduces intense acute swimming-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia in mice
Authors: Borghi Sergio M , Zarpelon Ana C , Pinho-Ribeiro Felipe A , Cardoso Renato D R , Cunha Thiago M , Alves-Filho José C , Ferreira Sergio H , Cunha Fernando Q , Casagrande Rubia , Verri Waldiceu A 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Objectives
The role of interleukin (IL)-1β in intense acute swimming-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia was investigated in mice.

Methods
Untrained mice were submitted to one session of intense acute swimming for 120 min or were submitted to sham conditions (30 s exposure to water), and muscle mechanical hyperalgesia (before and 6–48 h after swimming session), IL-1β production (skeletal muscle and spinal cord), myeloperoxidase activity, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels (skeletal muscle and spinal cord), and cortisol, glucose, lactate and creatine kinase (CK) levels (plasma) were analysed.

Key findings
Intense acute swimming-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia was dose-dependently inhibited by IL-1ra treatment. IL-1β levels were increased in soleus, but not gastrocnemius muscle and spinal cord 2 and 4 h after the session, respectively. Intense acute swimming-induced increase of myeloperoxidase activity and reduced GSH levels in soleus muscle were reversed by IL-1ra treatment. In the spinal cord, exercise induced an increase of GSH levels, which was reduced by IL-1ra. Finally, IL-1ra treatment reduced plasma levels of CK, an indicator of myocyte damage.

Conclusions
IL-1β mediates intense acute swimming-induced muscle mechanical hyperalgesia by peripheral (soleus muscle) and spinal cord integrative mechanisms and could be considered a potential target to treat exercise-induced muscle pain.
Beneficial effects of melatonin on in vitro bovine embryonic development are mediated by melatonin receptor 1
Authors: Wang Feng , Tian XiuZhi , Zhang Lu , Gao Chao , He ChangJiu , Fu Yao , Ji PengYun , Li Yu , Li Ning , Liu GuoShi 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIn the current study, a fundamental question, that is, the mechanisms related to the beneficial effects of melatonin on mammalian embryonic development, was addressed. To examine the potential beneficial effects of melatonin on bovine embryonic development, different concentrations of melatonin (10−11, 10−9, 10−7, 10−5, 10−3 m) were incubated with fertilized embryos. Melatonin in the range of 10−11 to 10−5 m significantly promoted embryonic development both in early culture medium (CR1aa +3 mg/mL BSA) and in later culture medium (CR1aa + 6%FBS). The most effective concentrations applied in the current studies were 10−9 and 10−7 m. Using quantitative real‐time PCR with immunofluorescence and Western blot assays, the expression of melatonin receptor MT1 and MT2 genes was identified in bovine embryos. Further studies indicate that the beneficial effects of melatonin on bovine embryo development were mediated by the MT1 receptor. This is based on the facts that luzindole, a nonselective MT1 and MT2 antagonist, blocked the effect on melatonin‐induced embryo development, while 4‐P‐PDOT, a selective MT2 antagonist, had little effect. Mechanistic explorations uncovered that melatonin application during bovine embryonic development significantly up‐regulated the expression of antioxidative (Gpx4, SOD1, bcl‐2) and developmentally important genes (SLC2A1, DNMT1A, and DSC2) while down‐regulating expression of pro‐apoptotic genes (P53, BAX, and Caspase‐3). The results obtained from the current studies provide new information regarding the mechanisms by which melatonin promotes bovine embryonic development under both in vitro and in vivo conditions.
Morphology of Gambierdiscus scabrosus sp. nov. (Gonyaulacales): a new epiphytic toxic dinoflagellate from coastal areas of Japan
Authors: Nishimura Tomohiro , Sato Shinya , Tawong Wittaya , Sakanari Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Haruo , Adachi Masao 
Published: February 2014

A new epiphytic dinoflagellate is described,
G

ambierdiscus scabrosus sp. nov., from tidal pools and rocky shores along the coastal areas of Japan. Cells are 63.2 ± 5.7 μm in depth, 58.2 ± 5.7 μm in width, and 37.3 ± 3.5 μm in length. The plate formula of
G

. scabrosus is Po, 4′, 0a, 6′′, 6c, ?s, 5′′′, 0p, and 2′′′′. Morphologically,
G

. scabrosus resembles
G

. belizeanus as follows: anterioposteriorly compressed cell shape, narrow 2′′′′ plate, and areolated surface. Despite this similarity, the cells of
G

. scabrosus can be distinguishable by the presence of the asymmetric shaped 3′′ plate and the rectangular shaped 2′ plate.