bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aesthetic Education of Primary School Pupils as an Integral Part of the National System of Continuous Art Education in Japan
Authors: Kuchai Tetiana 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The article examines aesthetic education of primary school pupils as an integral part of the national system of continuous art education in Japan. One of the most important traditional means of aesthetic education in Japan, according to L. Tsaryova is considered nature. Analysis of the scientific literature by domestic and foreign scientists suggests that instead of collective worship the Japanese established habits that help people develop artistic taste. Having considered the traditions of: tea ceremony, admiring nature; writing, which doesn’t differ from painting and so on, one should point out that the traditions are valuable and remain till nowadays thus promoting the aestheticization of the Japanese people.
Figures de pygmées au Kabirion de Thèbes : entre bilan et perspectives
Authors: Mackowiak Karin 
Published: November 2014

Kabiric pygmies in Thebes : from previous results to new prospects.
The kabiric vases showing pygmies deserve more credit thanks to new approaches combining the methodologies of iconographie and anthropological analyses. The study of these pictures'morphology and the elaboration of meaningful categories underline their original composition and reveal a vision of life able to cast a new light on the mysterious kabiric beliefs. This vast and difficult subject needs many analyses this article aims to precise, formulating the subsequent questions : what can we say about the manner the painters transmit a message ? What is the nature of this message ? Why does the burlesque take so much space in these pictures ? Can we understand their distinctive features by exploring oriental heritages and the way they arrived in Boeotia ? These questions will help us to get the pygmies out of the historiographical marginality in which they have been held.
La sexualité grecque dans le kaléidoscope animal
Authors: Zucker Arnaud 
Published: November 2014

The greek sexuality in the animal kaleidoscop.
This paper focuses on the representations of the animal sexuality in the Greek zoological literature, especially in Aristotle. They reveal the construction of the human eroticism. Marked by a common physiological situation but also by a moral distinction, the human practice differs, on the ideologic level, by the place granted in sexuality to reproduction and pleasure. In the animal mirror appears sharply, as a reflection, the Greek choice of an antinatural erotic.
Les médecins en Gaule et dans les Germanies et les divinités Asclépios/Esculape et Hygie
Authors: Masson Grégoire 
Published: November 2014

Doctors in Gaul and in Germany and the divinities Asklepios/Aesculapius and Hygieia.
This article examines the links existing between Asklepios/Aesculapius, Hygieia and practitioners in Gaul and Germania. Taking into account new elements, it is based on the examination of written sources, colyrium seals and decorated medical equipment. It emphasizes the existence, in many cases, of obvious connections between ophtalmology and these divinities. The conclusions offer a less restrictive view of the presence of Asklepios/Aesculapius and Hygieia in that part of the Antique world.
De la fonction régénératrice de la démone ailée : l’imaginaire religieux de la Fresque de la villa des Mystères
Authors: Amiri Bassir 
Published: November 2014

The regenerative function of the winged demon : the religious imaginary of the paintings of the Villa of Mysteries.
Since they had been found, many interpretations have been given for the frescoes of the Villa of Mysteries. This paper aims to appraoch the dionysiac fresco as a set of conventional, symbolic and sometimes enigmatic signs, unified by the theme of regeneration. From the figure of the winged demon, its interpretation and the way it turns to be one of the most important élément of the paintings, we choose a thematic approach in order to show how the paintings emphasize the law of universal renewal, so that death is able to mean for initiates hope of rebirth.
Wide-field Digital Retinal Imaging for Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening in Australasia: A Survey of Practicing Ophthalmologists
Authors: Breidenstein Brenda G. , Dai Shuan 
Published: November 2014

Purpose:
To compare retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening experiences using binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy (BIO) and wide-field digital retinal imaging (WFDRI) at centers in Auckland, New Zealand, with those of other centers in Australasia.

Methods:
A web-based survey regarding methods of screening for ROP was distributed to ophthalmologists in Australia and New Zealand.

Results:
Thirty-five ophthalmologists participated in the survey, of whom 30 participated in ROP screening. Sixteen respondents used BIO exclusively, 2 used WFDRI exclusively, and 12 used both. Of these, 3 respondents used WFDRI for remote screening.

Conclusions:
A significant proportion of ROP screeners have access to and are using WFDRI, but few currently use a telemedicine model for ROP screening.

[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2014;51(6):375–378.]
The Role and Efficacy of Secondary Intraocular Lenses in the Treatment of Monocular Infantile Cataracts
Authors: Kruger Tiffany L. , Monson Benjamin S. , Baker John D. 
Published: November 2014

Purpose:
To determine if and when a secondary intraocular lens (IOL) can be beneficial to the successful treatment of a monocular infantile cataract.

Methods:
This retrospective study reviewed medical records of children undergoing treatment of a monocular congenital cataract from 1996 to 2009 at one pediatric ophthalmology practice. Patients had unilateral cataracts removed by age 8 months and a secondary IOL inserted prior to 6 years of age. At the final visit, the children had to perform linear Snellen visual acuity testing.

Results:
Of 11 identified patients, 8 had treatment onset by age 4 months and 3 between 5 and 7 months of age. These 3 children had final acuities of 20/500 (n = 2) and hand motion (n = 1). Those undergoing treatment prior to age 5 months had Snellen acuities of 20/30 to 20/400. The best results were obtained by patients who were compliant with contact lenses and patching before insertion of a secondary IOL.

Conclusions:
If treatment of a monocular congenital cataract begins by 4 months of age (ie, the critical period for visual development) and patients remain compliant with occlusion therapy and an aphakic contact lens, then they will likely do well after IOL implantation. Furthermore, it appears that insertion of a secondary IOL will maintain vision that was established with a contact lens and patching and perhaps prevent deterioration that might still occur if compliance issues develop. However, secondary IOL placement will not dramatically improve the final visual result from that developed with occlusion and a contact lens.

[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2014;51(6):370–374.]
Combining Automated Vision Screening With On-site Examinations in 23 Schools: ReFocus on Children Program 2012 to 2013
Authors: Peterseim Mae Millicent , Papa Carrie E. , Parades Courtney , Davidson Jennifer , Sturges Amber , Oslin Carly , Merritt Isla , Morrison Mary 
Published: November 2014

Purpose:
The Association for the Blind and Visually Impaired (ABVI) began the ReFocus on Children Program to assist school nurses in providing vision screening for at-risk children in the Charleston County School District in South Carolina.

Methods:
In 2012 to 2013, 2,750 low-income school children ages 3 to 5 years were screened using the Plusoptix Vision screener (Atlanta, GA). Further examinations were performed on 419 (56%) children referred and glasses prescribed and provided for 192 children (positive predictive value 46%). In 2013, teacher feedback questionnaires were sent to the 23 schools.

Results:
Teacher feedback questionnaires had a 49% response rate. Of teachers responding to the questionnaire, 70% reported the children liked wearing their glasses. Teachers provided observations of positive impact, including improved academic performance.

Conclusions:
Nurses appreciated that the entire process was efficient and completed in school, simplifying care and follow-up. The authors encourage partnerships between schools, nonprofit agencies, and healthcare providers to improve screening and access to comprehensive vision care for young children.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2015;52(1):20–24.]
Nietzsche and Schlegel on Teaching Oneself to Find
Authors: Wolfson Ben 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT
Nietzsche and Schlegel both write about practical topics with more than merely descriptive intent. Their intent is also practical insofar as it aims to alter the life of the (right) reader, setting her a task: be thus! Each, however, also evinces skepticism about the propriety of such task setting. This skepticism is more general than the explicitly signaled audience partitioning in which each also engages: it is not that some readers will not be able to make use of the text in the intended way, but that the task setting itself is misplaced. In this article I describe the character of the tasks that give rise to this skepticism, and argue that in both Schlegel's and Nietzsche's cases we get truer and more satisfying interpretations if we take them as disclaiming practical intent: though it is seductive to think we could attain the states they describe through our own effort, they systematically elude such pursuit.
False Confessions in the Lab: A Review
Authors: Rassin Eric , Israëls Han 
Published: November 2014

False Confessions in the Lab: A Review
Intuitively, confession is a strong piece of evidence, because it appears unlikely that a suspect would confess to a crime he did not commit, thereby acting against his own best interest. Surprisingly, experimental studies show that innocent and well-educated individuals do tend to confess falsely when questioned about something they did not in fact do. In this contribution, an overview is presented of the experimental research on confession evidence. Limitations and implications of the scientific insights are discussed.
Separation and Enrichment of Gold in Water, Geological and Environmental Samples by Solid Phase Extraction on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Prior to its Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Authors: Duran Ali , Tuzen Mustafa , Soylak Mustafa 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
This study proposes the application of multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a solid sorbent for the preconcentration of gold prior to its flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination. Extraction was achieved by using a glass column (15.0 cm in length and 1.0 cm in diameter). Quantitative recoveries were obtained in the pH range of 2.5–4.0; the elution step was carried out with 5.0 ml of 1.0 mol/L HNO3 in acetone. In the ligand-free study, variables such as pH, eluent type, sample volume, flow rates, and matrix effect were examined for the optimum recovery of gold ions. The gold ions were able to be pre-concentrated by a factor of 150 and their LOD was determined to be 1.71 μg/L. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the developed method, addition-recovery tests were applied for the tap water, mineral water, and sea water samples. Gold recovery studies were implemented using a wet digestion technique for mine and soil samples taken from various media, and this method was also applied for anodic slime samples taken from the factories located in the Kayseri Industrial Zone of Turkey.
Determination of Ultra Trace Amounts of Copper by a Multi-Injection Technique of Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry after Using Solid-Phase Extraction
Authors: Sabermahani Fatemeh , Taher Mohammad Ali 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
A new method using a multi-injection technique combined with SPE was developed for the determination of copper (Cu) in environmental samples. The method is based on SPE of copper ions on naphthalene as its 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP)-ammonium tetraphenylborate complex, in the pH range 6.0–9.5, and determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. No chemical modifier is required in the graphite furnace. The detection limit can be reduced to 1.5 ng/L using an injection volume of 25.0 μL (five 5.0 μL) without interference by the matrixes. The optimum pyrolysis and atomization temperatures were 500 and 2200°C, respectively, for the concentrated solution of Cu. The sensitivity for 1% absorption was 2.6 pg Cu. Eight replicate determinations for 0.1 μg Cu in 5.0 mL dimethylformamide gave an RSD of 2.3% for a single injection and 2.7% for a multi-injection. The procedure was validated with certified reference materials and successfully applied to the determination of copper in water and plant samples.
InstantLabs®Salmonella Species Food Safety Kit
Authors: Sharma Neil , Bambusch Lauren , Le Thu , Hayman Melinda , Montez Sergio J 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The InstantLabs®Salmonella Species Food Safety Kit was validated against the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) reference method 6579:2002 for the detection of Salmonella species. The matrixes (unprocessed rolled oats, wheat flour, and oat flour) were inoculated with 1 CFU/test portion of Salmonella to generate fractional positives (5–15) in 20 inoculated samples. The matrixes were co-inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 at 2–5 times the level of Salmonella to demonstrate the potential for using the same enrichment culture in the future to detect of multiple organisms. Samples were validated using 750 g test portion enriched in FASTGRO SE at 42 ± 1°C for 16–20 h. All samples were confirmed using the ISO reference method, regardless of initial screen result. The InstantLabs test method performed as well as or better than the reference method for the detection of Salmonella species in unprocessed rolled oats, wheat flour, and oat flour. Inclusivity and exclusivity testing revealed no false negatives and no false positives among the 100 Salmonella serovars and 30 non-Salmonella species examined. Finally, the method was shown to be robust when variations to enrichment time, DNA extract hold time, and DNA volume were varied (data not shown).
Determination of Oxadixyl in Wines by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Single-Laboratory and Interlaboratory Validation Study
Authors: Mirzoian Armen , Ammann Jeffrey R 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
A direct injection LC/MS/MS method for the determination of the pesticide oxadixyl in wines was developed and validated. A sample divert valve was used to deliver the fraction that contained oxadixyl to the mass spectrometer's electrospray ionization source. Oxadixyl was monitored and quantitated using two transitions in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method demonstrated recoveries of 99.2 ± 2.0 and 96.7 ± 5.2% for red and white wines, respectively, a linearity range of 2–20 μg/L, LOD at 0.7 μg/L, LOQ of 2.0 μg/L, and precision values of 8.2% (RSDr) and 6.2% (RSDR). Direct injection of the wine onto a C18 ultra-performance LC column allowed automation and high throughput screening. Benefits of this approach include minimal sample preparation, short (3 min) run times, and the use of matrix-matched calibration standards, which minimize the matrix effect due to interferences from wine phenolics, sugars, and various other components. The method's performance characteristics were not statistically different for white and red wines. An additional interlaboratory validation study involved 12 laboratories and demonstrated good data agreement with HorRat values ranging from 0.23 to 0.52.
A Stability-Indicating HPLC Method for the Quantification of Aliskiren and Hydrochlorothiazide in a Pharmaceutical Formulation
Authors: Karvelis Dimitrios , Kalogria Eleni , Panderi Irene 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
A novel, fast, and sensitive stability-indicating HPLC method was developed, fully validated, and applied to the simultaneous determination of aliskiren and hydrochlorothiazide in a combined formulation. Effective chromatographic separation was achieved using a phenyl analytical column with isocratic elution using the mobile phase 0.030 M ammonium acetate–acetonitrile (60 + 40, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.40 mL/min. The UV spectrophotometric detector was set at 280 nm. The method was linear over the concentration ranges of 1.5–4.5 and 0.125–0.375 μg/mL for aliskiren and hydrochlorothiazide, respectively. The intraday and interday RSD values were less than 6.1%, while the relative percentage error, Er, was less than 5% for both analytes. Both drugs were subjected to stress conditions of acidic and alkaline hydrolysis, oxidation, and thermal degradation. The proposed method proved to be stability indicating by resolution of the drugs from their forced degradation products. The method was applied successfully to the QC and content uniformity tests in combined commercial tablets.
Immunohistochemistry in Undifferentiated Neoplasm/Tumor of Uncertain Origin
Authors: Lin Fan , Liu Haiyan 
Published: November 2014

ContextImmunohistochemistry has become an indispensable ancillary study in the identification and classification of undifferentiated neoplasms/tumors of uncertain origin. The diagnostic accuracy has significantly improved because of the continuous discoveries of tissue-specific biomarkers and the development of effective immunohistochemical panels.ObjectivesTo identify and classify undifferentiated neoplasms/tumors of uncertain origin by immunohistochemistry.Data SourcesLiterature review and authors' research data and personal practice experience were used.ConclusionsTo better guide therapeutic decisions and predict prognostic outcomes, it is crucial to differentiate the specific lineage of an undifferentiated neoplasm. Application of appropriate immunohistochemical panels enables the accurate classification of most undifferentiated neoplasms. Knowing the utilities and pitfalls of each tissue-specific biomarker is essential for avoiding potential diagnostic errors because an absolutely tissue-specific biomarker is exceptionally rare. We review frequently used tissue-specific biomarkers, provide effective panels, and recommend diagnostic algorithms as a standard approach to undifferentiated neoplasms.
Utility of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Pleuropulmonary and Mediastinal Cancers: A Review and Update
Authors: Zhang Kai , Deng Hongbin , Cagle Philip T. 
Published: November 2014

ContextImmunohistochemistry has become an indispensable ancillary tool for the accurate classification of pleuropulmonary and mediastinal neoplasms necessary for therapeutic decisions and predicting prognostic outcome in the era of personalized medicine. Diagnostic accuracy has significantly improved because of the continuous discoveries of tumor-associated biomarkers and the development of effective immunohistochemical panels.ObjectiveTo increase the accuracy of diagnosis and classify pleuropulmonary neoplasms through immunohistochemistry.Data SourcesLiterature review, authors' research data, and personal practice experience.ConclusionsThis review article has shown that appropriately selecting immunohistochemical panels enables pathologists to effectively diagnose most primary pleuropulmonary neoplasms and differentiate primary lung tumors from a variety of metastatic tumors to the lung. The discovery of new mutation-specific antibodies identifying a subset of specific gene-arranged lung tumors provides a promising alternative and cost-effective approach to molecular testing. Knowing the utilities and pitfalls of each tumor-associated biomarker is essential to avoiding potential diagnostic errors.
El editor técnico: un perfil necesario para la profesionalización de la edición de revistas científicas en el entorno digital
Authors: Rodríguez Yunta Luis , Tejada Artigas Carlos Miguel 
Published: November 2014

Se aboga por la profesionalidad de la gestión editorial de las revistas científicas identificando las competencias tanto profesionales como personales necesarias. Para superar las carencias de la edición de revistas científicas españolas en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, se hace necesaria una nueva mentalidad que implique “pensar en digital” y que la gestión se apoye en profesionales formados específicamente para ello. Son necesarios conocimientos tecnológicos en este entorno: XML, metadatos, formatos enriquecidos, CMS, sistemas de gestión editorial tipo OJS, nuevos formatos para la lectura en dispositivos móviles… Además otro grupo de competencias claves las encontramos en torno al conocimiento del mercado editorial científico con sus nuevos modelos de negocio y a todo lo relacionado con los derechos intelectuales. Se complementa la relación con otras habilidades necesarias relacionadas con la web social, el análisis documental y la apertura de los datos de investigación.
Diseases Causing Visual Field Defects at Shimla Hills
Authors: Sharma Kalpana , Chaudhary Kulbhushan Prakash , Gupta Ravinder Kumar , Sharma Ram Lal 
Published: November 2014

Introduction:
Visual field (VF) measurement is the critical component for elucidating pathological conditions affecting not only ophthalmological but also neurological system.

Objective:
To study the types and disease pattern distribution, among the patients who underwent automated perimetry.

Materials and Methods:
This study was the analysis of visual fields, (August 2008 to July 2010), of the patients who underwent visual field recording on Octopus 900 perimeter (HAAG-STREIT AG, Switzerland) at Shimla hills (IGMC H.P.) situated at the height of 7,200 feet above sea level.

Results:
The causes of visual field defects(VFD) were Glaucoma 59.5% (n=119); Neurological causes 16.5% (n=33); cataract 7.5%(n=15); ARMD4.5% (n=9); BRVO4%(n=8); DR3%(n=6); AION2%(n=4); RP 1.5%(n=3); Optic neuritis 1.5% (n=3). The severity of glaucoma(advance glaucomatous VFD) increased with age significantly (p value=0.03345).

Conclusion:
The most common disease leading to VFD was glaucoma. The severity of glaucomatous damage increased with age significantly (p<0.05). The mean sensitivity decreases numerically with age. The next common cause leading to VFD was neurological in which the most common VFD was quadrantanopia. The other causes of VFD were cataract, ARMD, BRVO, CRVO, DR, AION, RP and optic neuritis.. This pattern of VFD was seen because Glaucoma screening is one of the commonest indications to carry out visual field analysis followed by neurological indications in our set up.
The impact of salinity perturbations on the future uptake of heat by the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Smith Robin S. , Sutton Rowan , Gregory Jonathan M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAnthropogenic ocean heat uptake is a key factor in determining climate change and sea level rise. There is considerable uncertainty in projections of freshwater forcing of the ocean, with the potential to influence ocean heat uptake. We investigate this by adding either −0.1 Sv (sverdrup (106 m3/s)) or +0.1 Sv freshwater to the Atlantic in global climate model simulations, simultaneously imposing an atmospheric CO2 increase. The resulting changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation are roughly equal and opposite (±2 Sv). The impact of the perturbation on ocean heat content is more complex, although it is relatively small (∼5%) compared to the total anthropogenic heat uptake. Several competing processes either accelerate or retard warming at different depths. While positive freshwater perturbations cause an overall heating of the Atlantic, negative perturbations produce insignificant net changes in heat content. The processes active in our model appear robust, although their net result is likely model dependent and experiment dependent.