bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alting barriers: synchronisation with choice in Java using JCSP
Authors: Welch Peter , Brown Neil , Moores James , Chalmers Kevin , Sputh Bernhard 
Published: March 2013

AbstractCommunicating Sequential Processes for Java (JCSP) is a mature library that implements CSP‐derived concurrency primitives in Java. A JCSP system is a hierarchical network of autonomous processes communicating over synchronous (optionally buffered) channels, and multiway synchronising through barriers. This paper presents a significant extension to the barrier mechanism: the fast resolution of choice between any number of barrier events, channel communications (in either direction) and timeouts. Previously, and in line with all currently released libraries and languages offering the CSP concurrency model, choice was restricted to channel inputs and timeouts. The paper demonstrates an application of alting barriers and explains the mechanisms used in their implementation that enables their use as guards in a choice. It also shows how choice over channel outputs becomes possible, as a simple consequence of having choice over barriers. Finally, an efficient implementation of CSP's broadcasting channels is presented (using a phased barrier synchronisation pattern) and a mechanism for allowing choice over these is discussed. With this extended JCSP, almost all CSP‐specified systems can now be directly implemented. The new library is available under LGPL open source. Copyright © 2010 PH Welch, NCC Brown, J Moores, KV Chalmers & B Sputh.
Adaptive workflow scheduling for dynamic grid and cloud computing environment
Authors: Rahman Mustafizur , Hassan Rafiul , Ranjan Rajiv , Buyya Rajkumar 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYEffective scheduling is a key concern for the execution of performance‐driven grid applications such as workflows. In this paper, we first define the workflow scheduling problem and describe the existing heuristic‐based and metaheuristic‐based workflow scheduling strategies in grids. Then, we propose a dynamic critical‐path‐based adaptive workflow scheduling algorithm for grids, which determines efficient mapping of workflow tasks to grid resources dynamically by calculating the critical path in the workflow task graph at every step. Using simulation, we compared the performance of the proposed approach with the existing approaches, discussed in this paper for different types and sizes of workflows. The results demonstrate that the heuristic‐based scheduling techniques can adapt to the dynamic nature of resource and avoid performance degradation in dynamically changing grid environments. Finally, we outline a hybrid heuristic combining the features of the proposed adaptive scheduling technique with metaheuristics for optimizing execution cost and time as well as meeting the users requirements to efficiently manage the dynamism and heterogeneity of the hybrid cloud environment. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of CuCorePtShell Nanoparticles as Model Structures for Core–Shell Electrocatalysts by Direct Platinum Electrodeposition on Copper
Authors: Kulp Christian , Gillmeister Konrad , Widdra Wolf , Bron Michael 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe synthesis of Cu(core)Pt(shell) model catalysts by the direct electrochemical deposition of Pt on Cu particles is presented. Cu particles with an average diameter of 200 nm have been deposited on glassy‐carbon electrodes by double pulse electrodeposition from a copper sulfate solution. Subsequent deposition from a platinum nitrate solution under potential control allows for a high selectivity of the Pt deposition towards Cu. Using a combination of cyclic voltammetry, XPS and sputtering, the structure of the generated particles has been analyzed and their core–shell configuration proven. It is shown that the electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction is similar to that of other PtCu catalyst systems. The synthesized structures could allow for the analysis of structure–activity relations of core–shell catalysts on the way to the simple and controlled synthesis of supported Cu(core)Pt(shell) nanoparticles as oxygen reduction catalysts.
Modeling Diffusion in Foamed Polymer Nanocomposites
Authors: Ippalapalli Sandeep , Ranaprathapan A. Dileep , Singh Sachchida N. , Harikrishnan G. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractTwo‐way multicomponent diffusion processes in polymeric nanocomposite foams, where the condensed phase is nanoscopically reinforced with impermeable fillers, are investigated. The diffusion process involves simultaneous outward permeation of the components of the dispersed gas phase and inward diffusion of atmospheric air. The transient variation in thermal conductivity of foam is used as the macroscopic property to track the compositional variations of the dispersed gases due to the diffusion process. In the continuum approach adopted, the unsteady‐state diffusion process is combined with tortuosity theory. The simulations conducted at ambient temperature reveal distinct regimes of diffusion processes in the nanocomposite foams owing to the reduction in the gas‐transport rate induced by nanofillers. Simulations at a higher temperature are also conducted and the predictions are compared with experimentally determined thermal conductivities under accelerated diffusion conditions for polyurethane foams reinforced with clay nanoplatelets of varying individual lamellar dimensions. Intermittent measurements of foam thermal conductivity are performed while the accelerated diffusion proceeded. The predictions under accelerated diffusion conditions show good agreement with experimentally measured thermal conductivities for nanocomposite foams reinforced with low and medium aspect‐ratios fillers. The model shows higher deviations for foams with fillers that have a high aspect ratio.
Effect of Hydrogen on O2 Adsorption and Dissociation on a TiO2 Anatase (001) Surface
Authors: Liu Liangliang , Wang Zhu , Pan Chunxu , Xiao Wei , Cho Kyeongjae 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe effect of hydrogen on the adsorption and dissociation of the oxygen molecule on a TiO2 anatase (001) surface is studied by first‐principles calculations coupled with the nudged elastic band (NEB) method. Hydrogen adatoms on the surface can increase the absolute value of the adsorption energy of the oxygen molecule. A single H adatom on an anatase (001) surface can lower dramatically the dissociation barrier of the oxygen molecule. The adsorption energy of an O2 molecule is high enough to break the OO bond. The system energy is lowered after dissociation. If two H adatoms are together on the surface, an oxygen molecule can be also strongly adsorbed, and the adsorption energy is high enough to break the OO bond. However, the system energy increases after dissociation. Because dissociation of the oxygen molecule on a hydrogenated anatase (001) surface is more efficient, and the oxygen adatoms on the anatase surface can be used to oxidize other adsorbed toxic small gas molecules, hydrogenated anatase is a promising catalyst candidate.
Supramolecular Cl⋅⋅⋅H and O⋅⋅⋅H Interactions in Self‐Assembled 1,5‐Dichloroanthraquinone Layers on Au(111)
Authors: Noh Seung‐Kyun , Jeon Jeong Heum , Jang Won Jun , Kim Howon , Lee Soon‐Hyeong , Lee Min Wook , Lee Jhinhwan , Han Seungwu , Kahng Se‐Jong 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe role of halogen bonds in self‐assembled networks for systems with Br and I ligands has recently been studied with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), which provides physical insight at the atomic scale. Here, we study the supramolecular interactions of 1,5‐dichloroanthraquinone molecules on Au(111), including Cl ligands, by using STM. Two different molecular structures of chevron and square networks are observed, and their molecular models are proposed. Both molecular structures are stabilized by intermolecular Cl⋅⋅⋅H and O⋅⋅⋅H hydrogen bonds with marginal contributions from Cl‐related halogen bonds, as revealed by density functional theory calculations. Our study shows that, in contrast to Br‐ and I‐related halogen bonds, Cl‐related halogen bonds weakly contribute to the molecular structure due to a modest positive potential (σ hole) of the Cl ligands.
Cenozoic climate change and diversification on the continental shelf and slope: evolution of gastropod diversity in the family Solariellidae (Trochoidea)
Authors: Williams S. T. , Smith L. M. , Herbert D. G. , Marshall B. A. , Warén A. , Kiel S. , Dyal P. , Linse K. , Vilvens C. , Kano Y. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractRecent expeditions have revealed high levels of biodiversity in the tropical deep‐sea, yet little is known about the age or origin of this biodiversity, and large‐scale molecular studies are still few in number. In this study, we had access to the largest number of solariellid gastropods ever collected for molecular studies, including many rare and unusual taxa. We used a Bayesian chronogram of these deep‐sea gastropods (1) to test the hypothesis that deep‐water communities arose onshore, (2) to determine whether Antarctica acted as a source of diversity for deep‐water communities elsewhere and (3) to determine how factors like global climate change have affected evolution on the continental slope. We show that although fossil data suggest that solariellid gastropods likely arose in a shallow, tropical environment, interpretation of the molecular data is equivocal with respect to the origin of the group. On the other hand, the molecular data clearly show that Antarctic species sampled represent a recent invasion, rather than a relictual ancestral lineage. We also show that an abrupt period of global warming during the Palaeocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) leaves no molecular record of change in diversification rate in solariellids and that the group radiated before the PETM. Conversely, there is a substantial, although not significant increase in the rate of diversification of a major clade approximately 33.7 Mya, coinciding with a period of global cooling at the Eocene–Oligocene transition. Increased nutrients made available by contemporaneous changes to erosion, ocean circulation, tectonic events and upwelling may explain increased diversification, suggesting that food availability may have been a factor limiting exploitation of deep‐sea habitats. Tectonic events that shaped diversification in reef‐associated taxa and deep‐water squat lobsters in central Indo‐West Pacific were also probably important in the evolution of solariellids during the Oligo‐Miocene.
Tetraalkylphosphonium Decavanadates: Synthesis, Structures, and Solution Properties
Authors: Mal Sib Sankar , Tröppner Oliver , Ivanović‐Burmazović Ivana , Burger Peter 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA novel intercluster compound, [(n‐C4H9)4P]3[H3V10O28] (IL01‐V10), constructed from the tetrabutylphosphonium cation and decavanadate, has been synthesized and unequivocally characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, X‐ray crystallography, and solution 1H, 13C, 31P{1H}, and 51V NMR spectroscopy. Compound IL01‐V10 was formed by ionic interaction between the phosphonium cation and the decavanadate anion. Cryospray high‐resolution mass spectrometry revealed the [H3V10O28]3– cluster remains intact in solution. Three further phosphonium polyoxovanadates were synthesized and characterized by the same techniques as used for IL01‐V10.
Stereoselective Synthesis and Absolute Configuration Determination of Xylariolide A
Authors: Botubol José Manuel , Macías‐Sánchez Antonio J. , Collado Isidro G. , Hernández‐Galán Rosario 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe asymmetric synthesis of the antibacterial and antitumoral natural compound xylariolide A (1) and five stereoisomers has been achieved. The strategy is based on the one‐pot epoxidation/lactonisation or dihydroxylation/lactonisation of the hypothetical biosynthetic intermediate xylarioic A acid (8). The absolute configuration of xylariolide A was thus determined to be 3R,4S,5R,1′R,2′R after the synthesis of 1, two epimers, i.e., 1′‐epi‐xylariolide A (3) and 2′‐epi‐xylariolide A (4), and three more diastereoisomers 5–7.
Convergent Strategy Towards the Synthesis of Restricted Analogues of Peloruside A
Authors: Zimmermann Nicolas , Pinard Pierre , Carboni Bertrand , Gosselin Pascal , Gaulon‐Nourry Catherine , Dujardin Gilles , Collet Sylvain , Lebreton Jacques , Mathé‐Allainmat Monique 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA rapid convergent strategy to access unsaturated analogues of peloruside A has been demonstrated. This is depicted as an original C11–C12 aldol connection between a C12–C20 ketone fragment and a C2–C11 pyran fragment bearing an aldehyde function, with high yield and a good level of diastereoselectivity. The desired unsaturated macrocycle was obtained by a late‐stage ring closing metathesis reaction.
Geomorphic and sediment volume responses of a coastal dune complex following invasive vegetation removal
Authors: Eamer Jordan B. R. , Darke Ian B. , Walker Ian J. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper documents application of an established geostatistical methodology to detect significant changes in a foredune–transgressive dune complex where Parks Canada Agency (PCA) implemented a dynamic restoration program to remove invasive marram grasses (Ammophila spp.) and enhance dynamic dune habitat for an endangered species. Detailed topographic surveys of a 10 320 m2 site in the Wickaninnish Dunes in Pacific Rim National Park, British Columbia, Canada for the first year post‐treatment are compared to a pre‐restoration LiDAR baseline survey. The method incorporates inherent spatial structure in measured elevation datasets at the sub‐landscape scale and models statistically significant change surfaces within distinct, linked geomorphic units (beach, foredune, transgressive dune complex). Seasonal and annual responses within the complex are discussed and interpreted.All geomorphic units experienced positive sediment budgets following restoration treatment. The beach experienced the highest differential volumetric change (+1656 m3) and net sediment influx (+834 m3, 0 · 19 m3 m–2) mostly from supply to the supratidal beach and incipient dune. This sediment influx occurred independent of the restoration effort and was available as a buffer against wave erosion and as supply to the landward dunes. The foredune received +200 m3 (0 · 13 m3 m‐2) and its seaward profile returned to a similar pre‐restoration form following erosion at the crest from vegetation removal and scarping by high water events. Sediment bypassing and minimal change was evident at the mid‐stoss slope with appreciable extension of depositional lobes in the lee. The transgressive dune complex experienced high accretion following restoration activity (+201 m3) and over the year (+284 m3, 0 · 07 m3 m–2) mostly from depositional lobes from the foredune, precipitation ridge growth along the downwind boundary, and growth of existing lobes within the complex. Further integration of this methodology to detect significant geomorphic changes is recommended, particularly for applications where sampling densities are limited or logistically defined. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measurement and modeling of moisture content above an oscillating water table: implications for beach surface moisture dynamics
Authors: Schmutz Phillip P. , Namikas Steven L. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTThis study examined the influence of tidally‐induced oscillations of the beach water table in regulating beach surface moisture dynamics. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the influence of hysteresis and transient flow effects on surface moisture variability. The experimental apparatus utilized a column of well‐sorted fine sand partially immersed in a reservoir of water. The water level in the reservoir was raised and lowered via a diaphragm‐metering pump to simulate tidally induced fluctuations of the water table, and the moisture content profile within the column was monitored using an array of Delta‐T probes. Moisture contents at specific elevations within the column were utilized as proxies to represent various ‘surface’ elevations (relative to the high water table). Results indicate that surface moisture content behaves in a distinctly hysteretic manner. Examination of water flow scanning curves illustrated that for all surface elevations considered, higher moisture contents for a given pressure head occurred during the drying cycle than during the wetting cycle. This observation is particularly evident with shallow surface elevations (i.e. water table close to the surface) where the Haines Jump phenomenon was found to have a significant influence on moisture content dynamics. Additionally, an assessment of the accuracy of hysteretic and non‐hysteretic models to predict the measured moisture contents demonstrated that hysteretic simulations consistently provide a better representation of the observed moisture contents than non‐hysteretic simulations. A time lag was found between the respective maxima and minima in water table elevation surface moisture content. At the near surface water table positions the time lag ranged between 30 and 100 minutes, and it increased to 240 minutes (four hours) with the high water table at 60 cm below the surface. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differential nuclear organization of translocation‐prone genes in nonmalignant B cells from patients with t(14;16) as compared with t(4;14) or t(11;14) myeloma
Authors: Martin Lorri D. , Harizanova Jana , Righolt Christiaan H. , Zhu George , Mai Sabine , Belch Andrew R. , Pilarski Linda M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractGene organization in nonmalignant B cells from t(4;14) and t(11;14) multiple myeloma (MM) patients differs from that of healthy donors. Among recurrent IGH translocations in MM, the frequency of t(4;14) (IGH and FGFR3) or t(11;14) (IGH and CCND1) is greater than the frequency of t(14;16) (IGH and MAF). Gene organization in t(14;16) patients may influence translocation potential of MAF with IGH. In patients, three‐dimensional FISH revealed the positions of IGH, CCND1, FGFR3, and MAF in nonmalignant B cells that are likely similar to those when MM first arose, compared with B cells from healthy donors. Overall, IGH occupies a more central nuclear position while MAF is more peripherally located. However, for B cells from t(4;14) and t(11;14) patients, IGH and FGFR3, or IGH and CCND1 are found in spatial proximity: IGH and MAF are not. This differs in B cells from t(14;16) patients and healthy donors where IGH is approximately equidistant to FGFR3, CCND1, and MAF, suggesting that gene organization in t(14;16) patients is different from that in t(4;14) or t(11;14) patients. Translocations between IGH and MAF may arise only in the absence of close proximity to the more frequent partners, as appears to be the case for individuals who develop t(14;16) MM. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Potential consequences of healthcare recommendations: A focus on the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Authors: Satoskar Rohit , Reau Nancy 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Healthcare guidelines and recommendations have broad-reaching impact. They serve as the evidence to enforce medical testing by establishing a bar for standard of care through their intrinsic credibility but also by affecting reimbursement. In this article, we discuss the various organizations in the United States that develop healthcare policy and guidelines. We focus on the recent recommendations for hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening put forward by these agencies and the potential effect of these documents. Additional discussion is provided on the recent draft HCV screening recommendations provided by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), comparison of these to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines, and professional societies' response to these. Conclusion: As written, the USPSTF recommendations may reduce physician adoption of HCV screening in the 1945-1965 birth cohort as advocated by the CDC. Conflicting guidelines may further confuse providers and the public. This will ultimately hinder recognition of chronic HCV in an otherwise easily identifiable, high prevalence group, allowing progression of disease at a time when therapeutic advances make cure a realistic opportunity for many. (HEPATOLOGY 2013 )
Short‐term environmental enrichment, in the absence of exercise, improves memory, and increases NGF concentration, early neuronal survival, and synaptogenesis in the dentate gyrus in a time‐dependent manner
Authors: Birch Amy M. , McGarry Niamh B. , Kelly Áine M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractEnvironmental manipulations can enhance neuroplasticity in the brain, with enrichment‐induced cognitive improvements being linked to increased expression of growth factors, such as neurotrophins, and enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis. There is, however, a great deal of variation in environmental enrichment protocols used in the literature, making it difficult to assess the role of particular aspects of enrichment upon memory and the underlying associated mechanisms. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of environmental enrichment, in the absence of exercise, as a cognitive enhancer and assess the role of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in this process. We report that rats housed in an enriched environment for 3 and 6 weeks (wk) displayed improved recognition memory, while rats enriched for 6 wk also displayed improved spatial and working memory. Neurochemical analyses revealed significant increases in NGF concentration and subgranular progenitor cell survival (as measured by BrdU+ nuclei) in the dentate gyrus of rats enriched for 6 wk, suggesting that these cellular changes may mediate the enrichment‐induced memory improvements. Further analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between recognition task performance and BrdU+ nuclei. In addition, rats enriched for 6 wk showed a significant increase in expression of synaptophysin and synapsin I in the dentate gyrus, indicating that environmental enrichment can increase synaptogenesis. These data indicate a time‐dependent cognitive‐enhancing effect of environmental enrichment that is independent of physical activity. These data also support a role for increased concentration of NGF in dentate gyrus, synaptogenesis, and neurogenesis in mediating this effect. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Borderline Personality Features and Harmful Dysregulated Behavior: The Mediational Effect of Mindfulness
Authors: Wupperman Peggilee , Fickling Melissa , Klemanski David H. , Berking Matthias , Whitman Jeannie B. 
Published: March 2013

ObjectivesThe current preliminary study investigated whether deficits in mindfulness (awareness, attentiveness, and acceptance of the present experience) may underlie the relationship of borderline personality disorder (BPD) features to self‐injury and overall acts of harmful dysregulated behavior.MethodNonparametric bootstrapping procedures were used to examine theoretical relationships among variables in a psychiatric sample of adults (N = 70). Participants were asked to imagine themselves in distress‐inducing situations and then write what they would actually do to decrease distress in such situations.ResultsAs hypothesized, mindfulness statistically mediated the relationship of BPD features to reported acts of (a) self‐injury and (b) overall harmful dysregulated behaviors.ConclusionsDifficulties in the ability to be aware, attentive, and accepting of ongoing experience may play a role in the relationship of BPD features to harmful dysregulated behaviors. Future research should clarify potential reciprocal effects between BPD features and mindfulness with prospective, multioccasion designs.