bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Instructors’ Caring on Students’ Perceptions of Their Own Caring Behaviors
Authors: Labrague Leodoro J. , McEnroe‐Petitte Denise M. , Papathanasiou Ioanna V. , Edet Olaide B. , Arulappan Judie 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to identify the correlation between instructors’ and students’ caring behaviors and to explore the impact of instructors’ caring on students’ perceptions of their own caring behaviors.DesignA descriptive, nonexperimental design was used in this study.MethodsA total of 586 student nurses from four countries (Greece, the Philippines, India, and Nigeria) were recruited to participate in this study during the months of September 2013 to January 2014. Data collection was based on interviews using two standardized questionnaires: the Nursing Students’ Perception of Instructor Caring (NSPIC) and the Caring Behavior Inventory (CBI). Inferential statistics such as the Pearson r correlation and regression analysis were used to determine correlations between relevant variables.FindingsStudent nurses perceived “instills confidence through caring” (mean = 4.275, SD = 0.755) as the most frequently demonstrated subscale, while “control vs. flexibility” (mean = 3.469, SD = 0.701) was the least demonstrated subscale. The highest self‐reported subscale in the CBI was “assurance” (mean = 4.796, SD = 0.949), while “connectedness” (mean = 4.541, SD = 0.985) was the lowest self‐rated subscale. The NSPIC correlated significantly with the CBI (r = .587, p < .001). Four of the five subscales in the NSPIC correlated significantly with the CBI when considered individually; the exception was the “Supportive learning climate” subscale (r = .009, p < .40). Among the NSPIC subscales, “instills confidence through caring” explained 32% in the CBI and “appreciation of life's meaning” explained 3% in the CBI.ConclusionsInstructors’ caring behaviors influenced nursing students’ caring behaviors positively. Through positive faculty modeling and role modeling, nursing students can be professionally trained to develop the competence of caring.Clinical RelevanceThe knowledge generated from this study provides direction in developing useful and effective caring strategies and curricular programs for nursing students. Understanding this concept in a cross‐cultural context is necessary in order to develop an international perspective about caring, which is necessary in developing and formulating effective teaching and clinical strategies.
Philosophical Switch for the Third Wave of Psychology in the Age of Globalization
Authors: Hwang Kwang‐Kuo 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe epistemological goal of indigenous psychology is to construct a series of culture‐inclusive theories to represent the universal structure of human minds on one hand, and to account for people's specific mentalities in a particular indigenous culture on the other hand. In order to attain this goal, three levels of breakthrough must be made for the sustainable progress of indigenous psychology: philosophical reflection, theoretical construction, and empirical research. In my book, Foundations of Chinese Psychology: Confucian Social Relations, I explained how I constructed the “Face and Favor” model, which may reflect the deep structure of universal human mind in interpersonal relationships. Then I used it as a framework to analyze the inner structure of Confucianism, which might enable us to understand the specific mentality of people living in Confucian society. The attributes of Confucian ethics were analyzed from the perspective of modern ethics, and a series of culture‐inclusive theories were constructed on the presumption of relationalism to integrate findings of previous empirical researches on social exchange, achievement motivation, face dynamism, quanxi and organizational behaviors, and strategies of conflict resolution in Confucian society. Through the efforts of this book, it is expected that we may not only achieve the epistemological goal of indigenous psychology, but also establish the research tradition of Confucian relationalism in social psychology. I applied the approach of multiple philosophical paradigms to overcome the problematic situation left by Wundt, and utilized critical realism to explain the philosophical switch for the third wave of psychology.
How Can Indigenous Research Contribute to Universal Knowledge? An Illustration with Research on Interpersonal Harmony
Authors: Leung Kwok , Wang Jie , Deng Hong 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe indigenous perspective can provide a more complete, in‐depth, and accurate account of psychological phenomena for a given culture, but a major issue is that indigenous research tends to be ignored by researchers from other cultures. Chinese researchers who conduct research on indigenous issues may find it hard to publish in major English‐language journals. This paper explores how Chinese indigenous research is able to contribute to universal knowledge. Chinese are characterized by a relational and collectivistic orientation, whereas theories in the West tend to have a self‐focus, primarily due to its individualistic culture. However, most psychological research conducted in the Chinese context is guided by Western theories, which likely results in incomplete understanding of Chinese behavior. A relational perspective can augment Western theories and facilitate the contribution of Chinese indigenous research to new theory development. To illustrate this possibility, this article summarizes current indigenous research on two harmony motives, and shows how such research can contribute to a compelling refinement and extension of social exchange theory.
Magnetic, in situ, mineral characterization of Chelyabinsk meteorite thin section
Authors: Nabelek Ladislav , Mazanec Martin , Kdyr Simon , Kletetschka Gunther 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMagnetic images of Chelyabinsk meteorite's (fragment F1 removed from Chebarkul lake) thin section have been unraveled by a magnetic scanning system from Youngwood Science and Engineering (YSE) capable of resolving magnetic anomalies down to 10−3 mT range from about 0.3 mm distance between the probe and meteorite surface (resolution about 0.15 mm). Anomalies were produced repeatedly, each time after application of magnetic field pulse of varying amplitude and constant, normal or reversed, direction. This process resulted in both magnetizing and demagnetizing of the meteorite thin section, while keeping the magnetization vector in the plane of the thin section. Analysis of the magnetic data allows determination of coercivity of remanence (Bcr) for the magnetic sources in situ. Value of Bcr is critical for calculating magnetic forces applicable during missions to asteroids where gravity is compromised. Bcr was estimated by two methods. First method measured varying dipole magnetic field strength produced by each anomaly in the direction of magnetic pulses. Second method measured deflections of the dipole direction from the direction of magnetic pulses. Bcr of magnetic sources in Chelyabinsk meteorite ranges between 4 and 7 mT. These magnetic sources enter their saturation states when applying 40 mT external magnetic field pulse.
The Impact of Large‐Scale Collective Action on Latino Perceptions of Commonality and Competition with African Americans*
Authors: Jones‐Correa Michael , Wallace Sophia J. , Zepeda‐Millán Chris 
Published: May 2015

ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of protests on Latinos' perceptions of commonality and competition with African Americans. We hypothesize that the reinforcement and politicization of in‐group identities leads to greater identification and sense of commonality with other marginalized racial/ethnic groups.MethodsThis study utilizes geocoded Latino National Survey data combined with an expanded protest event data set to estimate the effect of temporal and spatial proximity to immigrant rights protests on Latinos’ perceptions of commonality and competition with African Americans using ordered logistic regression models.ResultsThe findings suggest that respondents’ proximity to marches had a positive impact on Latino perceptions of commonality with African Americans. The results also show that proximity to protests did not lead to an increase in feelings of competition with African Americans except in the case of electoral representation.ConclusionsExamining temporal and spatial effects of protests improves our understanding of how protests can influence public opinion and how protests can influence identities and group relations.
The relationship between smoking status and health-related quality of life among smokers who participated in a 1-year smoking cessation programme in Taiwan: a cohort study using the EQ-5D
Authors: Chen Pei-Ching , Kuo Raymond Nien-Chen , Lai Chih-Kuan , Tsai Shih-Tzu , Lee Yue-Chune 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship between smoking status and health-related quality of life 1 year after participation in a smoking cessation programme in Taiwan.DesignA cohort study of smokers who voluntarily participated in a smoking cessation programme with two follow-up assessments of smoking status via telephone interview, conducted 6 months and 1 year after finishing the smoking cessation programme.SettingHospitals and clinics providing smoking cessation services.ParticipantsA total of 3514 participants completed both telephone interviews, which represents a response rate of 64%. After the interviews, participants were divided into four groups according to their smoking status: (1) long-term quitters: participants who had quit tobacco use for 1 year; (2) short-term quitters: participants who had been smoking for at least 6 months and then quit tobacco for 6 months after participating in the programme; (3) relapsed smokers: participants who relapsed into tobacco use after ceasing tobacco use for 6 months; and (4) continuing smokers: participants who failed to quit smoking for at least 1 year, despite participating in the programme.InterventionsThe Outpatient Smoking Cessation Service of Taiwan provides counselling and pharmacotherapy to individuals seeking to quit smoking.Primary outcomesThe health-related quality of life of the participants was measured using an approved Chinese version of the EuroQol-5D-3L (EQ-5D-3L) descriptive system.ResultsAfter controlling for sex, age, education, marital status, job status, monthly income and disease status at baseline, our results revealed that long-term (OR=0.61 (0.48 to 0.77)) and short-term (OR=0.65 (0.54 to 0.79)) quitters experienced less anxiety and depression than did continuing smokers.ConclusionsOur study provides evidence to support claims that all quitters, regardless of whether they stop smoking for 6 months or 1 year, have better quality of life with regard to anxiety or depression.
Feeding infants directly at the breast during the postpartum hospital stay is associated with increased breastfeeding at 6 months postpartum: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Forster Della A , Johns Helene M , McLachlan Helen L , Moorhead Anita M , McEgan Kerri M , Amir Lisa H 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveTo explore whether feeding only directly from the breast in the first 24–48 h of life increases the proportion of infants receiving any breast milk at 6 months.DesignA prospective cohort study.SettingThree maternity hospitals in Melbourne, Australia.Participants1003 postpartum English-speaking women with a healthy singleton term infant, who intended to breast feed, were recruited between 2009 and 2011. Women were excluded if they or their infant were seriously ill. 92% (n=924) were followed up at 6 months postpartum.Primary and secondary outcome measuresMain exposure variable—type of infant feeding in hospital up to time of study recruitment (24–48 h postpartum), categorised as ‘fed directly at the breast only’ or ‘received at least some expressed breast milk (EBM) or infant formula’.Primary outcome—proportion of infants receivinganybreast milk feeding at 6 months postpartum.Secondary outcomes—proportion of infants receivingonlybreast milk feeding at 6 months; breast milk feeding duration; and maternal characteristics associated with giving any breast milk at 6 months.ResultsInfants who had fed only at the breast prior to recruitment were more likely to be continuing to have any breast milk at 6 months than those who had received any EBM and/or infant formula (76% vs 59%; adjusted OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.48 (adjusted for parity, type of birth, breastfeeding intention, breastfeeding problems at recruitment, public/private status, epidural for labour or birth, maternal body mass index and education)).ConclusionsHealthy term infants that fed only directly at the breast 24–48 h after birth were more likely to be continuing to breast feed at 6 months than those who received any EBM and/or formula in the early postpartum period. Support and encouragement to initiate breastfeeding directly at the breast is important.
Grade-Dependent Metabolic Reprogramming in Kidney Cancer Revealed by Combined Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis
Authors: Wettersten Hiromi I. , Hakimi A. Ari , Morin Dexter , Bianchi Cristina , Johnstone Megan E. , Donohoe Dallas R. , Trott Josephine F. , Aboud Omran Abu , Stirdivant Steven , Neri Bruce , Wolfert Robert , Stewart Benjamin , Perego Roberto , Hsieh James J. , Weiss Robert H. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Kidney cancer [or renal cell carcinoma (RCC)] is known as “the internist's tumor” because it has protean systemic manifestations, suggesting that it utilizes complex, nonphysiologic metabolic pathways. Given the increasing incidence of this cancer and its lack of effective therapeutic targets, we undertook an extensive analysis of human RCC tissue employing combined grade-dependent proteomics and metabolomics analysis to determine how metabolic reprogramming occurring in this disease allows it to escape available therapeutic approaches. After validation experiments in RCC cell lines that were wild-type or mutant for the Von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor, in characterizing higher-grade tumors, we found that the Warburg effect is relatively more prominent at the expense of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative metabolism in general. Further, we found that the glutamine metabolism pathway acts to inhibit reactive oxygen species, as evidenced by an upregulated glutathione pathway, whereas the β-oxidation pathway is inhibited, leading to increased fatty acylcarnitines. In support of findings from previous urine metabolomics analyses, we also documented tryptophan catabolism associated with immune suppression, which was highly represented in RCC compared with other metabolic pathways. Together, our results offer a rationale to evaluate novel antimetabolic treatment strategies being developed in other disease settings as therapeutic strategies in RCC. Cancer Res; 75(12); 2541–52. ©2015 AACR.
Paracrine Effect of NRG1 and HGF Drives Resistance to MEK Inhibitors in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Cheng Hanyin , Terai Mizue , Kageyama Ken , Ozaki Shinji , McCue Peter A. , Sato Takami , Aplin Andrew E. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Uveal melanoma patients with metastatic disease usually die within one year, emphasizing an urgent need to develop new treatment strategies for this cancer. MEK inhibitors improve survival in cutaneous melanoma patients but show only modest efficacy in metastatic uveal melanoma patients. In this study, we screened for growth factors that elicited resistance in newly characterized metastatic uveal melanoma cell lines to clinical-grade MEK inhibitors, trametinib and selumetinib. We show that neuregulin 1 (NRG1) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) provide resistance to MEK inhibition. Mechanistically, trametinib enhances the responsiveness to NRG1 and sustained HGF-mediated activation of AKT. Individually targeting ERBB3 and cMET, the receptors for NRG1 and HGF, respectively, overcome resistance to trametinib provided by these growth factors and by conditioned medium from fibroblasts that produce NRG1 and HGF. Inhibition of AKT also effectively reverses the protective effect of NRG1 and HGF in trametinib-treated cells. Uveal melanoma xenografts growing in the liver in vivo and a subset of liver metastases of uveal melanoma patients express activated forms of ERBB2 (the coreceptor for ERBB3) and cMET. Together, these results provide preclinical evidence for the use of MEK inhibitors in combination with clinical-grade anti-ERBB3 or anti-cMET monoclonal antibodies in metastatic uveal melanoma. Cancer Res; 75(13); 2737–48. ©2015 AACR.
Intracoronary Delivery of Self-Assembling Heart-Derived Microtissues (Cardiospheres) for Prevention of Adverse Remodeling in a Pig Model of Convalescent Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Gallet Romain , Tseliou Eleni , Dawkins James , Middleton Ryan , Valle Jackelyn , Angert David , Reich Heidi , Luthringer Daniel , Kreke Michelle , Smith Rachel , Marbán Linda , Marbán Eduardo 
Published: May 2015

Background—
Preclinical studies in rodents and pigs indicate that the self-assembling microtissues known as cardiospheres may be more effective than dispersed cardiosphere-derived cells. However, the more desirable intracoronary route has been assumed to be unsafe for cardiosphere delivery: Cardiospheres are large (30–150 μm), raising concerns about likely microembolization. We questioned these negative assumptions by evaluating the safety and efficacy of optimized intracoronary delivery of cardiospheres in a porcine model of convalescent myocardial infarction.

Methods and Results—

First, we standardized the size of cardiospheres by modifying culture conditions. Then, dosage was determined by infusing escalating doses of cardiospheres in the left anterior descending artery of naive pigs, looking for acute adverse effects. Finally, in a randomized efficacy study, 14 minipigs received allogeneic cardiospheres (1.3×10
6
) or vehicle 1 month after myocardial infarction. Animals underwent magnetic resonance imaging before infusion and 1 month later to assess left ventricular ejection fraction, scar mass, and viable mass. In the dosing study, we did not observe any evidence of microembolization after cardiosphere infusion. In the post-myocardial infarction study, cardiospheres preserved LV function, reduced scar mass and increased viable mass, whereas placebo did not. Moreover, cardiosphere decreased collagen content, and increased vessel densities and myocardial perfusion. Importantly, intracoronary cardiospheres decreased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and increased cardiac output.

Conclusions—
Intracoronary delivery of cardiospheres is safe. Intracoronary cardiospheres are also remarkably effective in decreasing scar, halting adverse remodeling, increasing myocardial perfusion, and improving hemodynamic status after myocardial infarction in pigs. Thus, cardiospheres may be viable therapeutic candidates for intracoronary infusion in selected myocardial disorders.
Facility-Level Variation in Hospitalization, Mortality, and Costs in the 30 Days After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Bradley Steven M. , O’Donnell Colin I. , Grunwald Gary K. , Liu Chuan-Fen , Hebert Paul L. , Maddox Thomas M. , Jesse Robert L. , Fihn Stephan D. , Rumsfeld John S. , Ho P. Michael 
Published: May 2015

Background—
Policies to reduce unnecessary hospitalizations after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are intended to improve healthcare value by reducing costs while maintaining patient outcomes. Whether facility-level hospitalization rates after PCI are associated with cost of care is unknown.

Methods and Results—

We studied 32 080 patients who received PCI at any 1 of 62 Veterans Affairs hospitals from 2008 to 2011. We identified facility outliers for 30-day risk-standardized hospitalization, mortality, and cost. Compared with the risk-standardized average, 2 hospitals (3.2%) had a lower-than-expected hospitalization rate, and 2 hospitals (3.2%) had a higher-than-expected hospitalization rate. We observed no statistically significant variation in facility-level risk-standardized mortality. The facility-level unadjusted median per patient 30-day total cost was $23 820 (interquartile range, $19 604–$29 958). Compared with the risk-standardized average, 17 hospitals (27.4%) had lower-than-expected costs, and 14 hospitals (22.6%) had higher-than-expected costs. At the facility level, the index PCI accounted for 83.1% of the total cost (range, 60.3%–92.2%), whereas hospitalization after PCI accounted for only 5.8% (range, 2.0%–12.7%) of the 30-day total cost. Facilities with higher hospitalization rates were not more expensive (Spearman ρ=0.16; 95% confidence interval, −0.09 to 0.39;
P
=0.21).

Conclusions—
In this national study, hospitalizations in the 30 day after PCI accounted for only 5.8% of 30-day cost, and facility-level cost was not correlated with hospitalization rates. This challenges the focus on reducing hospitalizations after PCI as an effective means of improving healthcare value. Opportunities remain to improve PCI value by reducing the variation in total cost of PCI without compromising patient outcomes.
Contribution of Convexal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage to Disease Progression in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Authors: Beitzke Markus , Enzinger Christian , Wünsch Gerit , Asslaber Martin , Gattringer Thomas , Fazekas Franz 
Published: May 2015

Background and Purpose—
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy–related cortical superficial siderosis (cSS) seems to indicate an increased risk of subsequent intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We wanted to identify the mechanisms and sequence of hemorrhagic events which are responsible for this association.

Methods—
During a 9-year-period, we identified patients with spontaneous convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage (cSAH) and performed a careful longitudinal analysis of clinical and neuroimaging data. A close imaging–histopathologic correlation was performed in one patient.

Results—
Of 38 cSAH patients (mean age, 77±11 years), 29 (76%) had imaging features of cerebral amyloid angiopathy on baseline magnetic resonance imaging. Twenty-six (68%) had cSS. Sixteen subjects underwent postcontrast magnetic resonance imaging. Extravasation of gadolinium at the site of the acute cSAH was seen on all postcontrast scans. After a mean of 24±22 (range 1–78) months of follow-up, 15 (39%) had experienced recurrent cSAHs and 14 (37%) had suffered lobar ICHs. Of 22 new ICHs, 17 occurred at sites of previous cSAHs or cSS. Repeated neuroimaging showed expansion of cSAH into the brain parenchyma and evolution of a lobar ICH in 4 patients. Propagation of cSS was observed in 21 (55%) patients, with 14 of those having experienced recurrent cSAHs. In the autopsy case, leakage of meningeal vessels affected by cerebral amyloid angiopathy was noted.

Conclusions—
In cerebral amyloid angiopathy, leakage of meningeal vessels seems to be a major cause for recurrent intrasulcal bleedings, which lead to the propagation of cSS and indicate sites with increased vulnerability for future ICH. Intracerebral bleedings may also develop directly from or in extension of a cSAH.