bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival rate and growth in the wild of sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) fry obtained using frozen semen
Authors: Domagała Józef , Dziewulska Katarzyna , Czerniawski Robert 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the growth and development of sea trout, Salmo trutta L., fry obtained from frozen, thawed semen after the fish had been released into the wild and were feeding there. The semen was cryopreserved with either methanol (MeOH) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Fresh eggs were collected and fertilized with the thawed semen. The control was eggs fertilized with fresh semen that had been kept on ice. The eggs were incubated and reared in a closed recirculating system. The fertilized eggs were counted for visible eye pigment. After rearing, three groups of fish were tagged and stocked into a stream. The fish aged 6 months were caught from the stream. The fish were measured, weighed, identified to which experimental variant they belonged, and their survival rate was estimated. No significant differences in survival rate, length, weight, or condition factor among the control, DMSO, and MeOH groups were noted during larval development in a closed recirculating system. These parameters were also similar in the control and experimental groups after the fish had grow in a natural stream. The use of frozen semen to fertilize fresh sea trout eggs resulted in a normal incubation process, larval stage, and regular fry growth and survival, both under laboratory conditions, and, most importantly, in the wild. The results indicate it is possible to use frozen semen for fry production and the restoration of wild fish populations.
Cell composition of the head kidney of European chub (Squalius cephalus L. )
Authors: Kondera Elżbieta 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to perform quantitative and qualitative evaluations of developing blood cells in the head kidney of European chub, Squalius cephalus (L.). Twenty-one types of hematopoietic precursors and mature cells were identified in head kidneys isolated from ten juvenile fish. The lymphoid lineage was the most abundant, followed by granuloid, erythroid, thrombocytoid, blast, and monocytoid cells. The lymphocyte was the most frequently occurring cell in the kidney and the most numerous of the lymphoid cells. The neutrophilic lineage was the most numerous among the granuloid cells. The erythropoietic series comprised five stages (erythroblasts: basophilic, polychromatic, orthochromatic; young and mature erythrocytes), more than the numbers of developmental stages of any other lineages. Juvenile cells were more abundant than mature stages in the head kidney. Only mature eosinophils and thrombocytes were found in chub hematopoietic tissue. The cellular composition in chub hematopoietic tissue was similar to that in other fish species.
Finite Element Modelling for Tensile Behaviour of Thermally Bonded Nonwoven Fabric
Authors: Gao Xiaoping , Wang Liping 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
A nonwoven fabric has been widely used in geotextile engineering in recent years; its tensile strength is an important behaviour. Since the fibre distributions in nonwoven fabrics are random and discontinuous, the unit-cell model of a nonwoven fabric cannot be developed to simulate its tensile behaviour. This article presents our research on using finite element method (FEM) to study the tensile behaviour of a nonwoven fabric in macro-scale based on the classical laminate composite theory. The laminate orientation was considered with orientation distribution function of fibres, which has been obtained by analysing the data acquired from scanning electron microscopy with Hough Transform. The FE model of a nonwoven fabric was developed using ABAQUS software; the required engineering constants of a nonwoven fabric were obtained from experimental data. Finally, the nonwoven specimens were stretched along with machine direction and cross direction. The experimental stress-strain curves were compared with the results of FE simulations. The approximate agreement proves the validity of an FE model, which could be used to precisely simulate the stress relaxation, strain creep, bending and shear property of a nonwoven fabric.
Sticking with Spanish: Reasons for Study and Motivation Maintenance in Adult Beginner Distance Language Learners
Authors: Furnborough Concha , Coleman James A. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This paper examines the reasons for study of adult beginner distance learners of Spanish and the relationships between those reasons and motivation maintenance. A survey of 563 Open University UK students found motivational orientations distinct from those of young people in earlier studies. Adult learners who maintained their motivation also demonstrated a greater number of reasons for study. Their motivation embraced intrinsic and extrinsic, integrative and instrumental orientations, short-term and long-term ambitions, and an L2 self both ideal and realistically attainable. During their course module they focused more consistently than others on the language skills they had targeted, and expressed increased enjoyment of the learning experience. This study suggests that achieving ‘softer’ short-term goals encourages persistence towards longer-term goals which reflect the ideal L2 self.
Accreditation of Moocs
Authors: Pundak David , Sabag Nissim , Trotskovsky Elena 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Higher education institutions face conflicting challenges; they must equip students with up-to-date knowledge in fields in which knowledge is constantly being renewed, while they also need to guide students to examine reality through broad-based observation and consider different scientific disciplines. They operate within different constrictions such as: learning program boundaries, budgetary constrictions, and lack of accessibility to experts in different areas, and the range of courses offered to students is limited. To cope with these constrictions, Ort Braude Academic College of Engineering opened an experimental program. As part of this program, students were allowed to study MOOC courses under the college’s supervision, and were eligible for accreditation if they completed the courses successfully. Only 15 out of the 600 students offered the program, registered for these courses. Only seven were accepted for the program. This paper describes the background for the college’s decision, the registration process and supervision of students, detailing students’ challenges and achievements in the MOOC courses. Students who completed the MOOC courses reported that they enjoyed meaningful learning, requiring serious efforts in comparison to the courses that the MOOC courses replaced. Given this positive feedback by the students, it was decided to continue with the experiment.
The Effect Of Some Plant Growth Regulators And Their Combination With Methyl Jasmonate On Anthocyanin Formation In Roots Of Kalanchoe Blossfeldiana
Authors: Góraj Justyna , Węgrzynowicz-Lesiak Elżbieta , Saniewski Marian 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) - auxins, gibberellin, cytokinin, abscisic acid, brassinosteroid, ethylene and their interaction with methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) applied to roots of the whole plants Kalanchoe blossfeldiana on the accumulation of anthocyanins in roots. The highest stimulation of anthocyanins synthesis was stated with application of JA-Me alone. In response to treatments with the other tested PGRs, the content of anthocyanins in roots of a whole plant was different depending on the concentration of the PGR when being applied alone or together with JA-Me. Auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at 5 mg·L-1 and abscisic acid (ABA) at 10 mg·L-1 induced anthocyanin accumulation with approximately 60-115% compared to the control while 24-epibrassinolid (epiBL), gibberellic acid (GA3) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) had no effect on the anthocyanin accumulation. The simultaneous administration of the PGRs with JA-Me usually resulted in the accumulation of anthocyanins in roots in a manner similar to that caused by JA-Me. PGRs applied to isolated roots did not stimulate anthocyanin accumulation, except for the combination of JA-Me with 50 mg·L-1 IAA.
The results indicate that in K. blossfeldiana, the aboveground parts of the plant play an important role in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in roots.
The Influence Of Cultivation System On Biochemical Content Of Strawberry Fruits
Authors: Laugale Valda , Strautina Sarmite , Krasnova Inta , Seglina Dalija , Kampuss Kaspars 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Three cultivars ‘Zefyr’, ‘Honoeoye’ and ‘Polka’ were grown on beds mulched with black plastic or without it, as well as in low tunnels covered by transparent polyethylene film or Agronet (Pegas agro, 17 g·m-2), or without covering. The quality of fruits determined by content of ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, soluble solids, total content of phenolics and anthocyanins, antiradical activity, and radical scavenging activity (RSA) was evaluated during two seasons. Significant differences in phytochemical contents within strawberry cultivars, production seasons and cultivation methods were stated. Cultivar had the greatest influence on the content of ascorbic acid, total phenolics and RSA among all the studied factors. The amount of anthocyanins was mainly influenced by plant covering, while the annual climatic conditions had the greatest impact on the amount of titratable acidity and soluble solids. Soil mulching had the lowest influence on the chemical content of fruits.
Suitability Of Sixteen Asparagus Cultivars For Growing In Polish Environmental Conditions
Authors: Knaflewski Mikołaj , Kałużewicz Alina , Chen Wenjing , Zaworska Anna , Krzesiński Włodzimierz 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Green spear yield of 16 asparagus cultivars originating from six countries was assessed from 2011 to 2013. There were considerable differences in total, marketable and early yields between the cultivars. The quality of harvested spears also varied remarkably. On average, the highest mean total and marketable yields from 3 years of investigation came from Dutch cultivars ‘Gijnlim’ and ‘Cumulus’ and German cv. ‘Mondeo’. The lowest yields were found in New Zealand cultivars ‘Pacific Challenger’ and ‘Pacific 2000’. The greatest mean marketable spear weight was recorded for ‘Cumulus’, whereas the smallest spear weight was obtained from ‘Pacific 2000’, ‘H666’ and ‘NJ 953’. Cultivars ‘Gijnlim’, ‘Cumulus’ and ‘Mondeo’ produced the highest early yields, while ‘Pacific 2000’ and ‘Pacific Challenger’ produced the lowest.
In order to determine the dependence between summer stalks size of tested cultivars in the preceding year and their yields in the following year, regression equations and their correlation coefficients were estimated. The size of summer stalks was expressed as plant growth index, which was the multiplication of height and total cross-sectional area of summer stalks. There was a significant and positive correlation between plant growth index of tested cultivars and their yields in the next vegetation period. The correlation coefficients between these two parameters amounted to 0.62 and 0.68 in 2011/2012 and 2012/2013, respectively
Association of Functional Variants of Phase I and II Genes with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Serbian Population / Udruženost Funkcionalnih Varijanti Gena Faze I I Ii Sa Hroničnom Opstruktivnom Bolešću Pluća U Srpskoj Populaciji
Authors: Stanković Marija , Nikolić Aleksandra , Tomović Andrija , Mitić-Milikić Marija , Nagorni-Obradović Ljudmila , Petrović-Stanojević Nataša , Radojković Dragica 
Published: March 2015

Summary
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex disorder characterized by increased oxidative stress. Functional genetic variants of phase I and II genes are implicated in oxidants-antioxidants imbalance and may be involved in COPD development. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of cytochrome P450 (CYP), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) functional variants in the pathogenesis of COPD in a Serbian population.
Methods: The genotypes of 122 COPD patients and 100 controls with normal lung function were determined for CYP1A1 *1A/*2A, CYP2E1 *1A/*5B, GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null GSTP1 Ile105Val, mEH Tyr113His and mEH His139Arg gene variants.
Results: Results obtained showed that GSTM1 null variant was significantly more represented in COPD patients than in controls (61.5% vs. 47.0%; OR=1.80; p=0.042). Also, a significant difference was observed for combinations of GSTM1 null and GSTP1 105Val/(Val) (38.5% vs. 24.0%; OR=1.98; p=0.029), as well as for CYP1A1 *1A/*2A, GSTM1 null and mEH 113His/(His) genotypes (7.4% vs. 1.0%; OR=7.88; p=0.025).
Conclusions: These are the first data concerning the analysis of the variants of phase I and II genes in the pathogenesis of COPD in a Serbian population. Results obtained in this study open up the possibility for thorough analyses of the role of genetic factors in COPD on larger cohorts. Also, they implicate the importance of previously described genetic associations with COPD in our population, as well as reveal a new one, not reported so far.
Effect of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Circulating C-Reactive Protein Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis / Uticaj Suplementacije L-Karnitinom Na Nivoe C-Reaktivnog Proteina U Cirkulaciji: Sistematski Pregled I Metaanaliza
Authors: Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: March 2015

Summary
Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) has been proposed as a risk marker and risk factor of cardiovascular disease. There have been a number of clinical reports suggesting that supplementation with L-carnitine can modulate systemic inflammation and lower circulating CRP concentrations, but the results have not been consistent.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search in Medline, Scopus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was performed in December 2012 to identify clinical trials investigating the impact of oral L-carnitine supplementation on serum/plasma CRP concentration. A random effect method was used to calculate the combined effect size.
Results: Six studies comprising 541 cases and 546 controls met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of included trials revealed a significant reduction of circulating CRP concentrations in subjects under L-carnitine intervention compared to the control treatment. The calculated combined weighted mean reduction in CRP concentrations was -0.39 mg/L [95% CI (-0.62 - -0.16)]. This effect size estimate was found to be robust and remained unaffected by the removal of each single study.
Conclusions: The overall findings of the present metaanalysis support the clinically relevant benefit of L-carnitine supplementation in lowering the circulating levels of CRP.
Families coping with the forensic anogenital colposcopic examination
Authors: Thastum Mikael , Beyer Marlene , Vesterby Charles Annie 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Background: The anogenital colposcopic examination is not a routine procedure in the ordinary examination of children, and knowledge is sparse regarding child and parental anticipation and coping.
Methodology: The study included 60 children aged 4 - 15 years of age, examined on grounds of alleged sexual abuse, during a two year period. The physician rated the child using the Procedure Behavioral Rating Scale (PBRS). In addition, the child and parent completed a questionnaire concerning their experience.
Principal findings: Mean PBRS score was 1.3. Significant positive correlations were found between the parental expectations to the child’s anxiety regarding the examination, and the children’s anxiety, the experience of the examination being bad/ugly and the experience of pain during the examination. Significantly higher PBRS scores were found in the group with no perpetrator conviction.
Conclusions: High levels of parental and child distress emphasizes the need for better preparatory and stress reducing procedures, to avoid possible re-victimization and negative influence of parental anticipatory anxiety on the child. The finding of significantly higher PBRS scores in the group with no conviction could indicate, that lack of behavioral distress might be related to the possibility of sexual abuse.
Evaluation of Draw Beads Influence on Intricate Shape Stamping Drawing Process
Authors: Čada Radek , Tiller Petr 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Paper concerns evaluation of influence of shape, size and location of rectangular and semicircular draw beads on sheet-metal forming process. For analysis the simulations of forming process of selected two types of intricate shape stampings with similar ground plan and with approximately the same height from steel strip DC04 with the use of models of optimal blanks made by BSE (Blank Size Engineering) modul of simulation program Dynaform 5.7 were carried out. From simulations of forming process in simulation program Dynaform 5.7 followed that the most suitable is drawing without use of draw beads because cracks in stamping bottom corners do not arise. In the case of undesirable secondary waviness in the walls of intricate shape stamping the drawing with draw beads could be used but it would be necessary to increase the radius at the bottom of both stampings alternatively to choose another material with higher formability.
Comparative Finite Element Method Analysis of Spiroid Worm Gear Drives Having Arched Profile and Having Linear Profile in Axial Section
Authors: Bodzás Sándor , Dudás Illés 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
With the knowledge of the advantageous characteristics of the cylindrical worm gear drives having arched profile in axial section and the conical worm gear drives having linear profile in axial section, a new geometric type conical worm gear drive has been designed and then manufactured, that is the conical worm gear drive having arched profile in axial section. Beside similar charging and marginal conditions in case of the same geometric spiroid worm gear drives having arched profile and having linear profile in axial section we have done comparative finite element method analysis for awarding of the strains, deformations and stresses of this gear drives.
Experimental Choice of Suitable Cutting Tool for Machining of Plastic
Authors: Sokova Dagmar , Cep Robert , Cepova Lenka , Kocifajova Simona 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In today's competitive times overall development of the technology is moving somewhere further, including automotive industry, which went toward relieving material. One of the many materials which are applied in the automotive industry, are polymers. The aim of the article was to test three different types of cutters for machining material group N - nonferrous metals. The article was tested three different types of cutters from different vendors on electro material SKLOTEXTIT G 11 and samples size 12x100x500mm. The entire experiment was conducted in a company Slavík- Technické plasty on the machine tool SCM RECORD 220. In the conclusion are technical-evaluation, experimental results and conclusions for company.
Small Diameter Drilling Of Titanium Alloys on CNC Turning Machine
Authors: Czan Andrej , Martikan Anton , Pustay Jozef , Kuzdak Viktor , Mrazik Jozef 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The article deals with drilling of titanium alloys, which are becoming more widely used in aerospace and automotive industry as well as in other sectors for its specific properties such as hardness, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, etc. The aim of this article is basic research with focus on drilling conditions of titanium alloy using HSS drill bits with diameter ø2,3 mm with PVD coating and without coating on CNC turning machine Polygim Diamond 12 series. This research can support problem solutions in small diameter drilling.
Problems of Clamping Rotary Tools
Authors: Kunstfeld Jaroslav , Brychta Josef 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The basic function of all rotary tool clamps used is to clamp a tool firmly and with as small deviation of the tool axis from the axis of rotation of the machine tool spindle as possible throughout the service life of both the tool and the clamp. Another important function of a clamp is to bring the cutting lubricant to the cutting point. A lubricant pressure of 60 and more bars is currently used there. To ensure the proper operation and long service life of the machine spindle, it is necessary that, especially in the case of high-speed machines, the clamp with the tool clamped meets the specified condition of the overall unbalance.
Simulation Comparison Studies of Stress and Deformation States of a Milling Head by Synchronous and Conventional Milling
Authors: Nizankowski Czeslaw , Otko Tadeusz , Piechnik Pawel 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
In the article, there were processed the results of simulation-comparison studies of stress and deformation states of a polymetallic, 5-edge milling head CoroMill 290, of company Sandvick Coromant, in the synchronous and conventional milling of steel surfaces with various cutting depths.
Selected Methods for Locking Screw Joints, Including the Use of Adhesives, Used in the Helicopter Construction
Authors: Rudawska Anna , Cisz Sławomir , Warda Tomasz 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The paper presents the problems of preventing screw joints from self-loosening on one of helicopter. The research examines selected locking methods used in aircraft produced by different manufacturers. Experimental tests were performed to investigate the loosening torque of screw joints locked by various devices: cotter pin, locknut, centre punching, self-locking nut and adhesive. A comparative analysis of the investigated locking methods is made with respect to their locking strength and efficiency.
Study of the Wear of the Cutting Edge of Milling Heads
Authors: Stancekova Dana , Pilc Jozef , Struharnansky Jozef , Janota Miroslav , Varga Daniel 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The article deals with analysis of the charakter of the interaction of milling tools with cutting edges of the primary contact with the working materials. Based on the monitoring of wear is observed various charakter and intensity of wear of the cutting wedge, which is dependent on the position of the milling tool frame to the workpiece. Given the issue is analyzed in the state, according to the proposed method is the primary interaction of tool and workpiece milling tool, in order to increase tool life.
PASSIFOR: A reference library of DNA barcodes for French saproxylic beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera)
Authors: Rougerie Rodolphe , Lopez-Vaamonde Carlos , Barnouin Thomas , Delnatte Julien , Moulin Nicolas , Noblecourt Thierry , Nusillard Benoît , Parmain Guillem , Soldati Fabien , Bouget Christophe 
Published: March 2015

Saproxylic beetles – associated with dead wood or with other insects, fungi and microorganisms that decompose it – play a major role in forest nutrient cycling. They are important ecosystem service providers and are used as key bio-indicators of old-growth forests. In France alone, where the present study took place, there are about 2500 species distributed within 71 families. This high diversity represents a major challenge for specimen sorting and identification.
The PASSIFOR project aims at developing a DNA metabarcoding approach to facilitate and enhance the monitoring of saproxylic beetles as indicators in ecological studies. As a first step toward that goal we assembled a library of DNA barcodes using the standard genetic marker for animals, i.e. a portion of the COI mitochondrial gene. In the present contribution, we release a library including 656 records representing 410 species in 40 different families. Species were identified by expert taxonomists, and each record is linked to a voucher specimen to enable future morphological examination. We also highlight and briefly discuss cases of low interspecific divergences, as well as cases of high intraspecific divergences that might represent cases of overlooked or cryptic diversity.