bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stockholm: Going Beyond the Human through Dance
Authors: Kristeva Julia 
Published: May 2013

I will then uphold that new political actors are incarnating and realizing this refoundation of humanism which the globalized world direly needs. I take as examples two of these experiences which cruelly lack a means of expression in today’s codes of humanism: adolescents in want of ideals and maternal passion at the cross-roads of biology and meaning. At these crossroads of body and meaning, of biology and sublimation it is perhaps dance more than other trans-linguistic experience that informs and accompanies the process of transhumanisation as it counters the crisis and exceeds the impending threat of apocalypse.
Maslow and the Motivation Hierarchy: Measuring Satisfaction of the Needs
Authors: Taormina Robert J. , Gao Jennifer H. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
For each of the 5 needs in Maslow’s motivational hierarchy (physiological, safety-security, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization), operational definitions were developed from Maslow’s theory of motivation. New measures were created based on the operational definitions (1) to assess the satisfaction of each need, (2) to assess their expected correlations (a) with each of the other needs and (b) with four social and personality measures (i.e., family support, traditional values, anxiety/worry, and life satisfaction), and (3) to test the ability of the satisfaction level of each need to statistically predict the satisfaction level of the next higher-level need. Psychometric tests of the scales conducted on questionnaire results from 386 adult respondents from the general population lent strong support for the validity and reliability of all 5 needs measures. Significant positive correlations among the scales were also found; that is, the more each lower-level need was satisfied, the more the next higher-level need was satisfied. Additionally, as predicted, family support, traditional values, and life satisfaction had significant positive correlations with the satisfaction of all 5 needs, and the anxiety/worry facet of neuroticism had significant negative correlations with the satisfaction of all the needs. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the satisfaction of each higher-level need was statistically predicted by the satisfaction of the need immediately below it in the hierarchy, as expected from Maslow’s theory.
Characterizing the Developmental Profile of Effort-Induced Motor Overflow Across a Timed Trial
Authors: Addamo Patricia K. , Farrow Maree , Bradshaw John L. , Moss Simon , Georgiou-Karistianis Nellie 
Published: May 2013

AbstractMotor overflow is overt involuntary movement that accompanies voluntary movement. This study investigated the change in overflow production across a timed trial and the factors that affected this profile. Seventeen children (aged 8-11 years), 17 young adults (aged 18-35 years), and 17 older adults (aged 60-80 years) performed a 5-s finger pressing task by exerting 33% or 66% of their maximal force output using either index finger. Overflow was recorded as force from the alternative index finger. Young adult overflow remained stable over the 5 s. The rate of overflow increase over time was significantly greater for children than young adults. There was also a tendency for a greater overflow increase in older adults than in young adults. This overflow gradient was also greater in the right hand, particularly for children. These findings indicate that the neurological processes underlying overflow production are age dependent. Overflow progressed in a dynamic fashion over the course of a trial in children and older adults, probably because of increased bilateral cortical activation and the facilitation of motor task performance. This study is unique in quantitatively capturing the dynamic profile of overflow production in healthy participants across the life span.
Clay: New Opportunities for Tissue Regeneration and Biomaterial Design
Authors: Dawson Jonathan I. , Oreffo Richard O. C. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSeminal recent studies that have shed new light on the remarkable properties of clay interactions suggest unexplored opportunities for biomaterial design and regenerative medicine. Here, recent conceptual and technological developments in the science of clay interactions with biomolecules, polymers, and cells are examined, focusing on the implications for tissue engineering and regenerative strategies. Pioneering studies demonstrating the utility of clay for drug‐delivery and scaffold design are reviewed and areas for future research and development highlighted.
Distribution of topical agents to the paranasal sinuses: an evidence‐based review with recommendations
Authors: Thomas W. Walsh , Harvey Richard J. , Rudmik Luke , Hwang Peter H. , Schlosser Rodney J. 
Published: May 2013

BackgroundThe objective of this work was to review the literature concerning the distribution of topical therapeutics to the sinuses versus nasal cavity regarding: surgical state, delivery device, head position, and nasal anatomy and to provide evidence‐based recommendations.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases to perform a Medical Subject Heading search of the literature from 1946 until the last week of May 2012. Articles were independently reviewed and graded for level of evidence. All authors came to consensus on recommendations through an iterative process.ResultsRecommendations were made for: improved sinus delivery with high‐volume devices and after standard sinus surgery. Recommendations were made against low‐volume delivery devices, such as drops, sprays, or simple nebulizers as they do not reliably reach the sinuses. If large‐volume devices are not tolerated, low‐volume devices are recommended using the lying head back or lateral head low positions to improve nasal cavity distribution to the middle meatus or olfactory cleft.ConclusionSurgery, volume of device, head position, and nasal anatomy were shown to impact distribution to the sinuses. Recommendations are made based upon this evidence as to how to best maximize therapeutic distribution to the sinuses.
Nichtproteinogene Aminosäurebausteine für Peptidgerüste aus nichtribosomalen Peptiden und hybriden Polyketiden
Authors: Walsh Christopher T. , O'Brien Robert V. , Khosla Chaitan 
Published: May 2013

AbstractFrei vorkommende nichtproteinogene Aminosäuren sind schon lange wegen ihrer antimetabolen Eigenschaften bekannt. Entdeckt werden sie meist aufgrund der Reaktivität gegenüber der katalytischen Wirkung der Zielenzyme. Führt man sie regiospezifisch in biogene Peptide und Proteine ein, kann es möglich werden, eine neue Ära der Medizinalchemie an der Grenze zwischen kleinen und großen Wirkstoffen einzuleiten. Außerdem eröffnet die ortsspezifische Funktionalisierung von Proteinen besonders attraktive Strategien für die posttranslationale Proteinmodifizierung. Auch bieten viele der Aminosäuren, die von der Natur nicht für den Einbau in Proteine ausgewählt wurden, reiche architektonische Möglichkeiten bei Einführung in ribosomal hergestellte Polypeptide. Dieser Aufsatz fasst die Biosynthesewege zu den wichtigsten Klassen nichtkanonischer Bausteine und deren Stoffwechsellogik zusammen, die in nichtribosomalen Peptidgerüsten und nichtribosomalen Peptid‐Polyketid‐Hybriden resultieren.
Nonproteinogenic Amino Acid Building Blocks for Nonribosomal Peptide and Hybrid Polyketide Scaffolds
Authors: Walsh Christopher T. , O'Brien Robert V. , Khosla Chaitan 
Published: May 2013

AbstractFreestanding nonproteinogenic amino acids have long been recognized for their antimetabolite properties and tendency to be uncovered to reactive functionalities by the catalytic action of target enzymes. By installing them regiospecifically into biogenic peptides and proteins, it may be possible to usher a new era at the interface between small molecule and large molecule medicinal chemistry. Site‐selective protein functionalization offers uniquely attractive strategies for posttranslational modification of proteins. Last, but not least, many of the amino acids not selected by nature for protein incorporation offer rich architectural possibilities in the context of ribosomally derived polypeptides. This Review summarizes the biosynthetic routes to and metabolic logic for the major classes of the noncanonical amino acid building blocks that end up in both nonribosomal peptide frameworks and in hybrid nonribosomal peptide‐polyketide scaffolds.
Melt spinning of PVDF fibers with enhanced β phase structure
Authors: Guo Zengwei , Nilsson Erik , Rigdahl Mikael , Hagström Bengt 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTPolyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fibers with a high amount of β phase crystal structure were prepared by melt spinning. With this technique, the cold drawing process is critical and efficient when aiming for a high amount of β phase. During the cold drawing process, more than 80% of the originally formed α phase crystal structure was converted into the β phase structure. In addition, the incorporation of 0.01 wt % of amino‐modified double wall carbon nanotube (NH2‐DWCNT) could further enhance the β phase content in the PVDF fibers. FTIR and DSC studies showed that the addition of NH2‐DWCNT to PVDF fibers could increase both the total crystallinity and β phase fraction in PVDF. The addition of nanoclay was found to be less efficient in this respect. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2603–2609, 2013
How much sampling does it take to detect trends in coral‐reef habitat using photoquadrat surveys?
Authors: Molloy P.P. , Evanson M. , Nellas A.C. , Rist J.L. , Marcus J.E. , Koldewey H.J. , Vincent A.C.J. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT

Coral‐reef managers must detect and reverse collapses in habitat and evaluate the success of such interventions. Since these responsibilities must be met with limited time and resources, methods used should balance statistical power with practical and logistical constraints.
Photoquadrat analysis is a commonly used method to survey coral habitats. This method, which involves photographing substratum along transects and digitally analysing habitat at points on the ‘photoquadrats’, affords efficiency in the field but is costly and requires extensive desk‐based analysis. It remains unclear what is the optimal combination of sampling units (points, photoquadrats and transects) needed to detect important trends in coral habitat.
Here, a dataset on Philippine coral‐reef habitats, collected using intensive photoquadrat surveys, was used to explore the reliability of using different numbers of points per photoquadrat, photoquadrats per transect and transects per site to detect spatial differences in habitat.
Results of leave‐some‐out analyses were compared with analysis of the complete dataset. Using fewer points per photoquadrat and fewer photoquadrats per transect caused little decline in ability to detect key trends, and lessened desk‐based time; reducing the number of photoquadrats also lessened field time. Using fewer transects reduced time requirements but at the expense of statistical reliability.
Prospective power analyses revealed that common rates of coral recovery could not be detected using even the most intensive photoquadrat protocols. This result implies that coral recoveries within protected areas might go undetected using standard surveying techniques.
Using fixed rather than randomly placed photoquadrats, or more sensitive indicators of habitat recovery than coral cover (e.g. coral surface area) may improve power to detect coral recoveries. Finally, protocols that minimize desk time rarely also minimize field time and vice versa, which highlights the need to prioritize different logistical constraints when designing methods. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Conformation‐Controlled Electron Transport in Single‐Molecule Junctions Containing Oligo(phenylene ethynylene) Derivatives
Authors: Wang Le‐Jia , Yong Ai , Zhou Kai‐Ge , Tan Lin , Ye Jian , Wu Guo‐Ping , Xu Zhu‐Guo , Zhang Hao‐Li 
Published: May 2013

AbstractUnderstanding the relationships between the molecular structure and electronic transport characteristics of single‐molecule junctions is of fundamental and technological importance for future molecular electronics. Herein, we report a combined experimental and theoretical study on the single‐molecule conductance of a series of oligo(phenylene ethynylene) (OPE) molecular wires, which consist of two phenyl–ethynyl–phenyl π units with different dihedral angles. The molecular conductance was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)‐based break‐junction techniques under different conditions, including variable temperature and bias potential, which suggested that a coherent tunneling mechanism takes place in the OPE molecular wires with a length of 2.5 nm. The conductance of OPE molecular junctions are strongly affected by the coupling strength between the two π systems, which can be tuned by controlling their intramolecular conformation. A cos2 θ dependence was revealed between the molecular conductance and dihedral angles between the two conjugated units. Theoretical investigations on the basis of density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green’s functions (NEGF) gave consistent results with the experimental observations and provided insights into the conformation‐dominated molecular conductance.
Synthesis, Properties, and Dispersion of Few‐Layer Graphene Fluoride
Authors: Grayfer Ekaterina D. , Makotchenko Viktor G. , Kibis Lidiya S. , Boronin Andrei I. , Pazhetnov Egor M. , Zaikovskii Vladimir I. , Fedorov Vladimir E. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe have fluorinated few‐layer graphene (FLG) by using a low‐temperature fluorination route with gaseous ClF3. The treatment process resulted in a new graphene derivative with a finite approximate composition of C2F. TEM studies showed that the product consisted of thin transparent sheets with no more than 10 fluorographene layers stacked together. Spectroscopic methods revealed a predominantly covalent nature of the CF bonds in the as‐synthesized product and we found no evidence for the existence of so‐called “semi‐ionic” CF bonds, as observed in bulk CxF. In contrast to the case of graphite and typical (thick) expanded graphites, fluorination of FLG did not lead to the intercalation of ClF3 molecules, owing to the lack of a 3D layered structure. The approximate “critical” number of graphene layers that were necessary to form a phase of intercalated compound was estimated to be more than 12, thus providing a “chemical proof” of the difference between the properties of few‐layered graphenes and bulk graphites. Fluorographene C2F was successfully delaminated into thinner layers in organic solvents, which is an important property for its integration into electronic devices, nanohybrids, etc.
Mutational analysis of conserved regions harboring catalytic triad residues of the levansucrase protein encoded by the lsc‐3 gene (lsc3) of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000
Authors: Mardo Karin , Visnapuu Triinu , Vija Heiki , Elmi Triin , Alamäe Tiina 
Published: May 2013

AbstractLevansucrase encoded by the lsc‐3 (lsc3) gene at genomic locus PSPTOA0032 of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 was mutationally analyzed. Altogether, 18 single‐amino‐acid mutants of 13 positions of Lsc3 were studied for catalytic properties, including production of fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Asp62, Asp219, and Glu303 were proved as members of the catalytic triad. Respective alanine replacement mutants were practically inactive with their kcat values reduced up to ∼130,000 times. Additionally, the requirements of Trp61, Gln301, and Arg304, located in conserved sequence blocks around the catalytic triad positions for the catalysis were shown. The catalytic significance of the position equivalent to Arg304 was shown for levansucrases for the first time. Replacement of Gln301 specifically affected the polymerizing ability of Lsc3. The Gln301Ala mutant was largely hydrolytic and produced 31 times less FOS than the wild type. Despite high conservation grades, Leu66, Pro220, Asp225, and His306 tolerated replacement well. Quantification of produced FOS showed a high biotechnological potential of Lsc3. Using 1 mg of Lsc3 protein, 15.4 g of FOS with a degree of polymerization from 3 to 7 can be synthesized in a 20 H reaction with 1,200 mM sucrose. Our expression system allowed us to produce up to 30 mg of Lsc3 protein from 1 L of induced culture of recombinant Escherichia coli.
Sol–Gel Synthesis and Characterisation of Nanoscopic FeF3‐MgF2 Heterogeneous Catalysts with Bi‐Acidic Properties
Authors: Guo Ying , Gaczyński Piotr , Becker Klaus‐Dieter , Kemnitz Erhard 
Published: May 2013

AbstractNanoscopic metal fluorides with surface hydroxy groups are of broad interest in heterogeneous catalysis. With both Lewis and Brønsted acid sites on the surface, these catalysts can be applied to a wide range of reactions. Having previously synthesised AlF3‐ and MgF2‐based catalysts, we report a new transition metal fluoride with bi‐acidity. A pre‐dehydration procedure was developed to introduce hydroxy groups to a Lewis acid, FeF3. Subsequently, ternary nanoscopic FeF3‐MgF2 with enhanced porosity was prepared through a one‐step fluorination. The interaction between MgF2 and FeF3 was elucidated. Surface characterisation revealed a remarkable increase in the surface area of FeF3‐MgF2 compared with FeF3. More importantly, medium–strong Lewis and Brønsted acid sites were detected on the FeF3‐MgF2 surface. In line with its bi‐acidity, FeF3‐MgF2 was highly active in the model reaction, the isomerisation of citronellal to isopulegol. Finally, we discuss how the porosity and surface acidity jointly determine the activity of FeF3‐MgF2. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of ternary FeF3‐MgF2 and opens new possibilities to synthesise bi‐acidic fluoride catalysts.
An Experimental Study of Copper Extraction Characteristics in a T‐Junction Microchannel
Authors: Yang L. , Zhao Y. , Su Y. , Chen G. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe extraction performance in a T‐junction microchannel was investigated experimentally. CuSO4/H2SO4/AD‐100/260# solvent oil was chosen as the working system. The velocities of the aqueous and oil phases were varied from 0.0016 to 0.45 m s–1, with ReM varying between 9 and 200. The experimental results show that the extraction process of copper in the microchannel is controlled by both reaction intrinsic kinetics and mass transfer, depending on the characteristics of the reaction and the fluid hydrodynamics. The maximum extraction efficiency is about 0.96, and the apparent overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kappa) is in the range of 0.02–0.2 s–1. In addition, the effects of the Cu2+ concentration and the pH in the aqueous phase, the volumetric fraction of AD‐100 in the oil phase, and the temperature on the extraction performance were investigated in detail.
Chemistry and Structures of Hexakis(halogenomethyl)‐, Hexakis(azidomethyl)‐, and Hexakis(nitratomethyl)disiloxanes
Authors: Ascherl Laura , Evangelisti Camilla , Klapötke Thomas M. , Krumm Burkhard , Nafe Julia , Nieder Anian , Rest Sebastian , Schütz Christian , Suceska Muhamed , Trunk Matthias 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAn investigation of the structures and chemistry of substituted hexamethyl disiloxanes ((XCH2)3Si)2O; X=F, Cl, Br, I, N3, and ONO2) is reported. New synthetic routes to the precursor hexakis(chloromethyl)disiloxane are presented. The products with X=Cl, Br, I, and N3 were characterized by NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the single‐crystal structures of the products with X=Cl, Br, and I are discussed in detail. The compounds with X=F and ONO2 were not obtained in their pure form; instead investigations of the decomposition products revealed their conversion into intermediates. Theoretical calculations of the gas‐phase structures at the B3LYP/cc‐pVDZ, B3LYP/3‐21G, MP2/6‐31G*, and MP2/3‐21G levels of theory are used to explain the chemical and physical behavior of the compounds with X=Cl, Br, I, N3, and ONO2. A new decomposition pathway of hexakis(nitratomethyl)disiloxane is presented and is used to explain their remarkable instability. The energetic properties and values of the nitrate and azide derivatives were calculated at the CBS‐4M level of theory by using the improved EXPLO5 computer code version 6.01.
Solvent Based Membrane Nanofiltration for Process Intensification
Authors: Buekenhoudt Anita , Beckers Herman , Ormerod Dominic , Bulut Metin , Vandezande Pieter , Vleeschouwers Roel 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA large‐scale mobile pilot installation for organic solvent nanofiltration has been designed to facilitate the transfer of this new promising technology for process intensification to industry. The installation, suitable for all requirements ranging from proof of principle testing to pilot scale production, is mobile and can be equipped both with ceramic and polymeric membranes. The pilot is full ATEX, meets the regulatory requirements of pharmaceutical and fine chemical manufacturing and is available to customers on a rental basis. In this paper, the technical specifications of the pilot unit, possible applications and some successful case studies are presented.
Quantitative analysis of fatty acids composition in the used cooking oil (UCO) by gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC–MS)
Authors: Abidin Sumaiya Zainal , Patel Dipesh , Saha Basudeb 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA simple, robust and reliable method has been developed for the quantification of fatty acids in used cooking oil (UCO) by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Four steps involved in this study are: the preparation of UCO for quantification analysis, development of calibration curve, determination of fatty acids composition and the ageing studies. The developed method has been validated with known composition of the UCO and biodiesel and the error has been found to be within ±0.7%. This method can be used for the determination of composition of fatty acids and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in oil and biodiesel products.
Theoretical Study on the Hydrogen Bonding Interactions in Complexes of 5‐Hydroxytryptamine with Water
Authors: Guo Lingfei , Huang Zhengguo , Shen Tingting , Ma Lingling , Niu Xiqian 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe energies, geometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies of 1:1 5‐hydroxytryptamine‐water (5‐HT‐H2O) complexes are studied at the MP2/6‐311++G(d,p) level. Natural bond orbital (NBO), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analyses and the localized molecular orbital energy decomposition analysis (LMO‐EDA) were performed to explore the nature of the hydrogen‐bonding interactions in these complexes. Various types of hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds) are formed in these 5‐HT‐H2O complexes. The intermolecular C4H55‐HT···Ow H‐bond in HTW3 is strengthened due to the cooperativity, whereas no such cooperativity is found in the other 5‐HT‐H2O complexes. H‐bond in which nitrogen atom of amino in 5‐HT acted as proton donors was stronger than other H‐bonds. Our researches show that the hydrogen bonding interaction plays a vital role on the relative stabilities of 5‐HT‐H2O complexes.