bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐anemic potential of Eruca sativa L. in iron‐deficient rat model; network pharmacology profiling
Authors: Javed Sana , Shahzadi Zainab , Yousaf Zubaida , Anjum Irfan , Aftab Arusa , Hanif Samina , Maqbool Zainab , Ullah Riaz , Raza Muhammad Ahmer , Iqbal Zafar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIron deficiency anemia is a global health concern, affecting around 2 billion people. Oral iron therapy often causes severe gastro‐intestinal issues. Eruca sativa, member of the Brassicaceae family, is valued in traditional medicine and renowned for its rich iron and vitamin C content. This study aims to evaluate the anti‐anemic properties of E. sativa extract in vivo and identify its compounds targeting anemia mechanisms using network pharmacology. Thirty‐two Sprague–Dawley rats (200 ± 250 g) were split into two distinct groups, iron‐deficient and iron‐sufficient. Three different doses (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg) of aqueous extract of E. sativa were checked against anemia by studying hematological, oxidative stress, and histopathological parameters. GC–MS analysis of E. sativa revealed its phytochemical profile, followed by ADME screening. Network pharmacology explored targets related to iron deficiency anemia, with oral bioavailability and drug likeness assessment for compounds. The administration of extracts significantly improved various blood parameters, including osmotic fragility, Hb, RBCs, MCV, PCV, and alkaline phosphatase; catalase activity; and histopathological parameters such as liver in both iron‐deficient and iron‐sufficient rats (p < .001). Seventy‐nine compounds were identified in E. sativa aqueous extract, with only six of them found to be bioavailable and drug‐like against multiple targets. Gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed their diverse molecular, biological, and cellular functions. One gene EGFR was found to have functional association with ID anemia, suggesting potential for using E. sativa extracts. The study concludes that E. sativa extract has potential for iron deficiency anemia treatment, offering hope for future pharmaceutical interventions.
Surface plasmon resonance, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation studies of lysozyme interaction with tannic acid
Authors: Türkoğlu Emir Alper , Taştekil Ilgaz , Özbek Sarica Pemra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLysozyme (LZM) is an important enzyme in medicine and industry. Tannic acid (TA) is used in brewing, wine industry, and as a food flavor enhancer. In nutritional and food science, LZM interacts with TA, notably in wine and saliva. This study aimed to investigate the binding interaction between LZM and TA using surface plasmon resonance, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. Chicken egg white lysozyme (CEWLZM) was applied as a model protein. Tri‐N‐acetylchitotriose (NAG3), the known inhibitor of CEWLZM, was used in the redocking experiments to determine the precise binding location within the complex. The average binding energies obtained from docking NAG3 and tannic acid to the target structure of CEWLZM were found to be −6.46 ± 0.05 kcal/mol and −7.52 ± 0.39 kcal/mol, respectively. The binding free energy of the CEWLZM‐TA complex was then calculated as −27.61 kcal/mol by MMPBSA based on MD simulation trajectories. The observed interactions between the ligands and the lysozyme structure were mainly driven by hydrophobic, van der Waals, and H‐bond interactions formed by the active site residues. MD simulations showed consistent and satisfactory binding distances between CEWLZM and TA throughout the analysis. SPR analysis was performed using 1X PBS buffer (pH 7.4) as coupling and running buffers, 30 μL/min as flow rate, and 2.5 mg/mL CEWLZM. Serial concentrations of TA (20–150 μM) were injected through immobilized CEWLZM, and the KD value of CEWLZM‐TA binding was obtained as 4.17 × 10−5 M. This study could enhance existing literature and pave the way for future research in food science and oral biology.
Microscopic photoplethysmography‐based evaluation of cardiotoxicity in whitefish larvae induced by acute exposure to cadmium and phenol
Authors: Machikhin Alexander , Guryleva Anastasia , Chakraborty Anirban , Khokhlov Demid , Selyukov Alexander , Shuman Leonid , Bukova Valeriya , Efremova Ekaterina , Rudenko Ekaterina , Burlakov Alexander 
Published: July 2024

AbstractToxic environmental pollutants pose a health risk for both humans and animals. Accumulation of industrial contaminants in freshwater fish may become a significant threat to biodiversity. Comprehensive monitoring of the impact of environmental stressors on fish functional systems is important and use of non‐invasive tools that can detect the presence of these toxicants in vivo is desirable. The blood circulatory system, by virtue of its sensitivity to the external stimuli, could be an informative indicator of chemical exposure. In this study, microscopic photoplethysmography‐based approach was used to investigate the cardiac activity in broad whitefish larvae (Coregonus nasus) under acute exposure to cadmium and phenol. We identified contamination‐induced abnormalities in the rhythms of the ventricle and atrium. Our results allow introducing additional endpoints to evaluate the cardiac dysfunction in fish larvae and contribute to the non‐invasive evaluation of the toxic effects of industrial pollutants on bioaccumulation and aquatic life.
Electronic medical record clinical workload metrics from 10,210 gastroenterologists in North America
Authors: Huang Jeannie S. , Bialostozky Mario 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the United States, clinical work had been primarily compensated via a relative value unit (RVU) system reliant on professional surveys estimating the value of clinical care events. However, with the advent of time‐based billing in 2021, time accounting has become an important work compensation metric. The Signal functionality within Epic, the most widely used electronic medical record (EMR) system in North America, tracks clinician time within the system. We extracted Epic Signal data from 10,200 gastroenterologists at 356 North American institutions for analysis. Workload metrics were reported as group median (interquartile range) per month and comparisons were performed using nonparametric testing. Gastroenterologists exhibit different EMR time patterns based on clientele and practice arenas. Compared with counterparts, pediatric and academic gastroenterologists spend more time at each encounter which had not been compensated under prior RVU valuations. Clinical compensation benchmarks should be driven by time‐based workload metrics to ensure appropriate compensation.
The Design and Fabrication of Engineered Tubular Tissue Constructs Enabled by Electrohydrodynamic Fabrication Techniques: A Review
Authors: Zhang Fucheng , Cao Kai , Zaeri Ahmadreza , Zgeib Ralf , Chang Robert C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrohydrodynamic processes have emerged as promising methods for fabricating polymetric fiber‐based artificial tubular tissues. Existing review articles focus on the biological applications and processing materials associated with electrohydrodynamic processes in artificial tubular constructs, while overlooking the design and fabrication of these constructs. To address this gap, this review article emphasizes the design and fabrication of tubular tissue constructs enabled by employing electrohydrodynamic processes. This article begins by presenting an overview of two electrohydrodynamic processes: solution electrospinning (SE) and melt electrowriting (MEW). It then delves into the control of the fiber diameter enabled by SE and MEW, offering insights into the manipulation of processing parameters to achieve desired fiber diameters. Additionally, the review highlights cutting‐edge strategies for electrohydrodynamic processes to create tubular structures with customized microarchitectures. This includes fiber alignment control for SE and pore morphology design for MEW. Moreover, the review covers the creation of customized macroscale tubular geometries through collector geometry design. Lastly, a comprehensive survey is presented for designing multiphasic tubular structures specifically for electrohydrodynamic techniques or in tandem with other techniques. The objective of this review is to offer a thorough understanding of the design considerations and potential applications of tubular structures fabricated by electrohydrodynamic processes.
Cancer‐associated fibroblast‐derived colony‐stimulating factor 2 confers acquired osimertinib resistance in lung adenocarcinoma via promoting ribosome biosynthesis
Authors: Huang Yutang , Wang Xiaoqing , Wen Chunjie , Wang Jingchan , Zhou Honghao , Wu Lanxiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcquired resistance is a major obstacle to the therapeutic efficacy of osimertinib in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), but the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant stromal cell type in LUAD tumor‐microenvironment (TME) and have emerged as a key player in chemoresistance. However, the function of CAFs in osimertinib resistance is still unclear. Here, we showed that CAFs derived from osimertinib‐resistant LUAD tissues (CAFOR) produced much more colony‐stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) than those isolated from osimertinib‐sensitive tissues. CAFOR‐derived CSF2 activated the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway and upregulated lnc‐CSRNP3 in LUAD cells. Lnc‐CSRNP3 then promoted the expression of nearby gene CSRNP3 by recruiting chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 9 (CHD9) and inhibited the phosphatase activity of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit α (PP1α), thereby induced osimertinib resistance by enhancing ribosome biogenesis. Collectively, our study reveals a critical role for CAFs in the development of osimertinib resistance and identifies the CSF2 pathway as an attractive target for monitoring osimertinib efficacy and overcoming osimertinib resistance in LUAD.
A clinical application for arterial coupling and histomorphometric comparison of internal mammary and thoracodorsal arteries for safe use
Authors: Lohasammakul Suphalerk , Lee Seok Joon , Suppasilp Chaiyawat , Sirivongs Natawan , Koedpuech Kasem , Numwong Terasut , Ratanalekha Rosarin , Han Hyun Ho 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn breast reconstruction, arterial coupling has been reported to be more favorable in the thoracodorsal artery (TDA) than the internal mammary artery (IMA). This technique may help overcome anastomosis in a small, deep space. Understanding the arteries' mechanical properties is crucial for breast reconstruction's safety and success.MethodsAbdominal‐based free flap breast reconstructions performed by a single surgeon between 2020 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were classified by microanastomosis technique (handsewn and coupler device) to compare the rate of vascular revision. Histomorphometric analysis of arterial coupling in TDA and IMA was performed in 10 fresh cadavers for comparing wall thickness and composition, including densities of elastic fiber, smooth muscle, and collagen.ResultsA total of 309 patients (339 reconstructed breasts) were included. There were 29 patients in the TDA handsewn group (A), 38 patients in the TDA coupler group (B), and 242 patients in the IMA handsewn group (C). The rates of arterial revision in groups A, B, and C were 0.00% (95%CI: 0.00%–11.03%), 2.5% (95%CI: 0.44%–12.88%), and 1.49% (95%CI: 0.58%–3.77%), respectively, with no statistically significant differences (p‐value = .694). Histologically, the thickness of the tunica media and adventitia between IMA and TDA showed no significant difference. The density of elastic fiber was significantly higher in IMA (16.70%) than in TDA (0.79%) (p‐value <.001).ConclusionThe histologic characteristics of TDA are more favorable for arterial coupling than those of IMA. Arterial coupling is a safe option in situations where TDA anastomosis must be performed through a narrow and deep incision.
Propeller flap's assisted recipient site closure after free SCIP flap coverage of medial ankle defect: A case report
Authors: Meroni Matteo , Scaglioni Mario F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDefects in the distal lower limbs are common in the field of orthoplastic reconstruction. The ankle area presents little subcutaneous tissue and is often affected by high‐energy traumas and bone fractures. Wounds in this region are frequently associated with severe edema that might prevent primary closure. Due to its thinness and tension, the skin overlying both the medial and lateral malleoli is prone to necrosis, which can further lead to large soft tissue defects. Vessels, nerves, and tendons can easily become exposed. The reconstructive approach should aim to provide high‐quality tissue that is durable enough to withstand the weight‐bearing pressures and the friction from shoes, while remaining sufficiently elastic to conform to the shape of the ankle and to permit the foot movement. In this study, we describe the use of an additional propeller flap to reduce skin tension at the recipient site. A superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flap was utilized to cover a defect below the medial malleolus. However, after flap inset, achieving a primary closure of the proximal wound without tension was not possible. During the dissection of the posterior tibial artery, perforator vessels were identified and preserved. The larger of these vessels was then used to vascularize a propeller flap, which was then rotated toward the defect to aid a tension‐free closure. The postoperative course was uneventful. This case may provide a valuable insight into the challenges often faced during wound closure, even after flap inset. Since the flap itself may increase the width of the dissection area, the present case shows the importance of preserving perforator vessels during the proximal dissection since they can allow the harvest of an additional flap to achieve primary closure and further alleviate tension.
The nearest graph Laplacian in Frobenius norm
Authors: Sato Kazuhiro , Suzuki Masato 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe address the problem of finding the nearest graph Laplacian to a given matrix, with the distance measured using the Frobenius norm. Specifically, for the directed graph Laplacian, we propose two novel algorithms by reformulating the problem as convex quadratic optimization problems with a special structure: one based on the active set method and the other on direct computation of Karush–Kuhn–Tucker points. The proposed algorithms can be applied to system identification and model reduction problems involving Laplacian dynamics. We demonstrate that these algorithms possess lower time complexities and the finite termination property, unlike the interior point method and V‐FISTA, the latter of which is an accelerated projected gradient method. Our numerical experiments confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Konjac glucomannan: A functional biopolymer for multifaceted drug delivery applications
Authors: Kulkarni Deepak , Agnihotri Vinit , Bhinge Somnath , Ban Mayuri , Bari Dipak , Pardeshi Chandrakantsing V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractKonjac glucomannan (KGM) is a hydrophilic, neutral polysaccharide obtained from the corm of Amorphophallus konjac (Araceae). Excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, and nontoxicity has marked the utilization of KGM in variety of drug delivery and biomedical applications. KGM has generally regarded as safe (GRAS) status approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. The gelling, and film‐forming properties possessed by native KGM has attracted a widespread attention of the researchers for exploring its drug delivery potential. Additionally, the versatility of KGM modifications further extends the drug delivery opportunities through ever‐increasing array of functional properties of KGM. Present review is aimed at presenting the state‐of‐the‐art collection of structure, functional properties, biosynthesis, in vitro and in vivo degradation, chemical modifications, and finally, the drug delivery applications of the KGM. Authors tried to cover the aspects of the KGM relevant to the formulation personnel, and academicians involved in the investigation on variety of pharmaceutical, biotechnological, and biomedical applications of KGM. This article may encourage the investigators to explore the use of KGM, owing to its beneficial traits, as pharmaceutical excipient for drug delivery applications.
Largely toughened poly(lactic acid) fabricated by melt blending with thermoplastic polyurethane through interfacial compatibilization induced by simultaneous addition of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles and in situ cross‐linking reaction
Authors: Haghjoo Salar , Khademzadeh Yeganeh Jafar , Ghasemi Ismail 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) has gained significant attention as a commercially available biodegradable and biocompatible polymer. However, the brittleness of PLA greatly limits its application. Blending PLA with another rubbery polymer such as thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a simple strategy to toughen PLA. In this study, a largely toughened PLA has been successfully prepared by melt blending with TPU through interfacial compatibilization induced by the simultaneous addition of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles (NPs) and in situ cross‐linking reaction. The torque evolution during melt mixing and rheological analysis confirm a successful dynamic vulcanization process. Scanning electron microscopy images indicate that, dynamic vulcanization and adding NPs synergistically compatibilize the TPU and PLA phases leading to a considerable interfacial adhesion between the phases. Simultaneous addition of NPs at an optimum amount of 5 wt% and in situ cross‐linking reaction significantly improve the elongation at break, and tensile toughness of the PLA/TPU blend as they are achieved 311%, and 91 MJ/m3, respectively. Both dynamic vulcanization and NPs play their role independently in the compatibilization of PLA and TPU phases inducing substantial shear yielding of the matrix phase under stress resulting in a highly toughened blend. The microstructural properties of the blends are studied by rheological analysis.
Luminescent polybenzoxazine: Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties
Authors: Younis Osama , Khamies Aya , Yang Xinchun , Aly Kamal I. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPolybenzoxazines are a class of luminescent polymers that exhibit light emission properties, making them suitable for various applications. This manuscript presents the synthesis, characterization, and thermal behavior of a novel luminescent polybenzoxazine, named P‐BZ‐CP. The synthesis of P‐BZ‐CP involved a three‐stage process, starting with the formation of Bis‐OHOMe through the reaction of cyclopentanone and vanillin, followed by a Mannich condensation reaction with p‐toluidine to obtain the monomer M‐BZ‐CP. Thermal ring‐opening polymerization of M‐BZ‐CP at 250°C resulted in the synthesis of P‐BZ‐CP. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including NMR, FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, and DSC, were employed to analyze the structure and properties of both M‐BZ‐CP and P‐BZ‐CP. The thermal behavior of M‐BZ‐CP curing was investigated using DSC, highlighting the temperature‐dependent polymerization process. This work also provides insights into the photophysical properties of Bis‐OHOMe, M‐BZ‐CP, and P‐BZ‐CP, highlighting the role of molecular structure and concentration in determining absorption, excitation, and emission characteristics. The core benzylidene cyclopentanone chromophore contributes to the common absorption and emission features, while the additional functional groups in M‐BZ‐CP lead to concentration‐dependent photoluminescence behavior due to aggregation or excimer formation. These findings demonstrate the importance of understanding the structure–property relationships in designing optoelectronic materials with tunable photophysical properties. The findings demonstrate the successful synthesis and characterization of luminescent polybenzoxazines, providing valuable insights into their potential applications in optoelectronics.
Effect of nanofibril cellulose empty fruit bunch‐reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites on tensile and dynamic mechanical properties for flexible substrates
Authors: Azzra N. A. , Atiqah A. , Fadhlina H. , Jalar A. , Bakar M. A. , Ismail A. G. , Supian A. B. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearchers and scientists have focused on the development and future opportunities of flexible sensors in food, environment and defense fields. In this study, we propose a flexible substrate material‐based nanofibril cellulose empty fruit bunch (NEFB)‐reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) blend nanocomposite for flexible substrate materials. Untreated and treated nanofibril cellulose samples of empty fruit bunch (NEFB, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 wt. %) were treated with 6 wt.% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and subjected to internal Brabender mixer followed by a hot‐pressing machine. The density and tensile and dynamic mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated for the treated and untreated samples. Tensile properties were characterized using a Universal Testing Machine, and the fracture mechanism after post‐tensile testing was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Increasing the content of untreated NEFB/TPU improved the tensile strength compared with 6% treated NEFB/TPU blend nanocomposites. Incorporating the nanofibril cellulose of empty fruit bunch at 2% into the TPU blend nanocomposites significantly increased E′, E" and Tg compared with other formulations.Highlights
Nanocellulose derived from plants is considered a promising material for flexible substrates in electronics due to its robust mechanical properties and eco‐friendliness.
Malaysia's abundant empty fruit bunch (EFB) resources make it a possible source of nanocellulose, which improves the properties of polymers.
The effect of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment on the compatibility of EFB‐derived nanocellulose with polymer matrices was investigated.
The addition of nanocellulose, particularly at a concentration of 1%, significantly increases the tensile strength of thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites, whereas 6% NaOH treatment has no effect.
Dynamic mechanical analysis reveals high storage modulus at 2% nanofibril cellulose empty fruit bunch (NEFB) and energy dissipation at 4% NEFB as well as enhanced interfacial bonding at 1% NEFB.