bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facial performance illumination transfer from a single video using interpolation in non‐skin region
Authors: Wu Hongyu , Chen Xiaowu , Yang Mengxia , Fang Zhihong 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a novel video‐based method to transfer the illumination from a single reference facial performance video to a target one taken under nearly uniform illumination. We first filter the key frames of the reference and the target face videos with an edge‐preserving filter. Then, the illumination component of reference key frame is extracted through dividing the filtered reference key frames by the corresponding filtered target key frames in skin region. The differences in non‐skin region caused by different expressions between the reference and target face may bring about artifacts. Therefore, we interpolate the illumination component of the non‐skin region by that of the surrounded skin region to ensure the spatial smoothness and consistency. After that, the illumination components of key frames are propagated to non‐key frames to ensure the temporal consistency between the two adjacent frames. We obtain convincing results by transferring the illumination effects of a single reference facial performance video to a target one with the spatial and temporal consistencies preserved. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multisociety consensus quality improvement guidelines for intraarterial catheter‐directed treatment of acute ischemic stroke, from the American Society of Neuroradiology, Canadian Interventional Radiology Association, Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery, European Society of Minimally Invasive Neurological Therapy, and Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology
Authors: Sacks David , Black Carl M. , Cognard Christophe , Connors John J. , Frei Donald , Gupta Rishi , Jovin Tudor G. , Kluck Bryan , Meyers Philip M. , Murphy Kieran J. , Ramee Stephen , Rüfenacht Daniel A. , Stallmeyer M.J. Bernadette , Vorwerk Dierk 
Published: May 2013

PurposeIn this international multispecialty document, quality benchmarks for processes of care and clinical outcomes are defined. It is intended that these benchmarks be used in a quality assurance program to assess and improve processes and outcomes in acute stroke revascularization.Materials and MethodsMembers of the writing group were appointed by the American Society of Neuroradiology, Canadian Interventional Radiology Association, Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe, Society of Cardiac Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery, European Society of Minimally Invasive Neurological Therapy, and Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology. The writing group reviewed the relevant literature from 1986 through February 2012 to create an evidence table summarizing processes and outcomes of care. Performance metrics and thresholds were then created by consensus. The guideline was approved by the sponsoring societies. It is intended that this guideline be fully updated in 3 years.ResultsIn this international multispecialty document, quality benchmarks for processes of care and clinical outcomes are defined. These include process measures of time to imaging, arterial puncture, and revascularization and measures of clinical outcome up to 90 days.ConclusionsQuality improvement guidelines are provided for endovascular acute ischemic stroke revascularization procedures. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
1,2,3,4‐Tetrasubstituted Cyclopentadienes and Their Applications for Metallocenes: Efficient Synthesis through Zirconocene‐ and CuCl‐Mediated Intermolecular Coupling of Two Alkynes and One Diiodomethane
Authors: Geng Weizhi , Wang Chao , Guang Jie , Hao Wei , Zhang Wen‐Xiong , Xi Zhenfeng 
Published: May 2013

Abstract1,2,3,4‐Tetrasubstituted cyclopentadienes and indene derivatives with identical or different substituents were obtained in good to excellent isolated yields through a zirconocene‐ and CuCl‐mediated intermolecular coupling process. This synthetic procedure involved three organic partners, including one CH2I2, and two different or identical alkynes. Two alkynes or one diyne undergo Cp2ZrII‐mediated (Cp=η5‐C5H5) pair‐selective reductive coupling to afford the corresponding zirconacyclopentadiene derivatives, which react, in the presence of CuCl and 1,3‐dimethyl‐3,4,5,6‐tetrahydro‐2(1 H)‐pyrimidinone (DMPU), with CH2I2 through intermolecular followed by intramolecular coupling to afford the cyclopentadiene derivatives. An application of the prepared tetrasubstituted cyclopentadiene derivatives was demonstrated by the facile synthesis of the corresponding zirconocene complexes [(4RCp)2ZrCl2] and [(4RCp)2ZrR′2] (R′=Me, Et, or nBu). The unique 1,2,3,4‐tetrasubstituted cyclopentadiene ligands and the corresponding metallocenes are expected to have further applications in organometallic chemistry and organic synthesis.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)‐Blennolide A
Authors: Tietze Lutz F. , Ma Ling , Reiner Johannes R. , Jackenkroll Stefan , Heidemann Sven 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBlennolide A can be synthesized through an enantioselective domino‐Wacker/carbonylation/methoxylation reaction of 7 a with 96 % ee and an enantioselective Wacker oxidation of 7 b with 89 % ee. Further transformations led to the α,β‐unsaturated ester (E)‐17, which was subjected to a highly selective Michael addition, introducing a methyl group to give 18 a. After a threefold oxidation and an intramolecular acylation, the tetrahydroxanthenone 4 was obtained, which could be transformed into (−)‐blennolide A (ent‐1) in a few steps.
Four‐dimensional analysis of nucleogenesis of the pontine nucleus in the hindbrain
Authors: Shinohara Masaki , Zhu Yan , Murakami Fujio 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTNuclei in the central nervous system are 3D aggregates of neurons that have common physiological properties, functionalities, and connectivities. To form specific nuclei, neurons migrate from their birthplace towards the presumptive nuclear region where they change their dynamics to aggregate and rearrange into a distinct 3D structure, a process that we term nucleogenesis. Nuclei, together with the laminar structure, form the basic cytoarchitectonic unit for information processing. However, in contrast to much‐studied laminar structures, the neuronal dynamics that contribute to the aggregation process to form nuclei are poorly understood. Here, we analyze nucleogenesis by observing the mouse precerebellar pontine nucleus (PN), and provide the first 4D view of nucleogenesis by tracking neuronal behaviors along the three spatial axes over time. Early‐ and late‐born PN neurons were labeled by in utero electroporation and their behaviors on cultured brain slices were recorded by time‐lapse imaging. We find that when PN neurons migrate medially into the nuclear region, many of them switch to migrate radially and laterally, to populate the dorsal and lateral PN regions, respectively. The tendency to switch to radial migration is much less in later‐born neurons, whereas that to switch to lateral migration is comparable between the two groups. In contrast to the radial and mediolateral axes, very few PN neurons switch to migrate rostrocaudally. These results could thus provide a framework for understanding the mechanisms that regulate this complex yet important process. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3340–3357, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Organization of multisynaptic circuits within and between the medial and the central extended amygdala
Authors: Bienkowski Michael S. , Wendel Elizabeth S. , Rinaman Linda 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTThe central and medial extended amygdala comprises the central (CEA) and medial nuclei of the amygdala (MEA), respectively, together with anatomically connected regions of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST). To reveal direct and multisynaptic connections within the central and medial extended amygdala, monosynaptic and transneuronal viral tracing experiments were performed in adult male rats. In the first set of experiments, a cocktail of anterograde and retrograde tracers was iontophoretically delivered into the medial CEA (CEAm), anterodorsal MEA (MEAad), or posterodorsal MEA (MEApd), revealing direct, topographically organized projections between distinct amygdalar and BST subnuclei. In the second set of experiments, the retrograde transneuronal tracer pseudorabies virus (PRV) was microinjected into the CEAm or MEAad. After 48 hours of survival, there were no significant differences between monosynaptic and PRV cases in the subnuclear distribution or proportions of retrogradely labeled BST neurons. However, after 60 hours of survival, CEAm‐injected cases displayed an increased proportion of labeled neurons within the anteromedial group of BST subnuclei (amgBST) and within the posterior BST, which do not directly innervate the CEA. MEApd‐injected 60‐hour cases displayed a significantly increased proportion of retrograde labeling in the amgBST compared with monosynaptic and 48‐hour cases, whereas MEAad‐injected cases displayed no proportional changes over time. Thus, multisynaptic circuits within the medial extended amygdala overlap the direct connections making up this anatomical unit, whereas the multisynaptic boundaries of the central extended amygdala extend into BST subnuclei previously identified as part of the medial extended amygdala. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3406‐3431, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outcomes of myocardial infarction hydrogel injection therapy in the human left ventricle dependent on injectate distribution
Authors: Miller Renee , Davies Neil H. , Kortsmit Jeroen , Zilla Peter , Franz Thomas 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYMyocardial infarction therapies involving biomaterial injections have shown benefits in inhibiting progression towards heart failure. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. A finite element model of the human left ventricle was developed from magnetic resonance images. An anteroapical infarct was represented at acute (AI) and fibrotic (FI) stage. Hydrogel injections in the infarct region were modelled with layered (L) and bulk (B) distribution. In the FI, injectates reduced end‐systolic myofibre stresses from 291.6% to 117.6% (FI‐L) and 115.3% (FI‐B) of the healthy value, whereas all AI models exhibited sub‐healthy stress levels (AI: 90.9%, AI‐L: 20.9%, AI‐B: 30.5%). Reduction in end‐diastolic infarct stress were less pronounced for both FI (FI: 294.1%, FI‐L: 176.5%, FI‐B: 188.2%) and AI (AI: 94.1%, AI‐L: 35.3%, AI‐B: 41.2%). In the border zone, injectates reduced end‐systolic fibre stress by 8–10% and strain from positive (AI) and zero (FI) to negative. Layered and bulk injectates increased ejection fraction by 7.4% and 8.4% in AI and 14.1% and 13.7% in FI. The layered injectate had a greater impact on infarct stress and strain at acute stage, whereas the bulk injectate exhibited greater benefits at FI stage. These findings were confirmed by our previous in vivo results. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of the Chirality and Curvature of Carbon Nanostructures on Their Interaction with Aromatics and Amino Acids
Authors: Umadevi Deivasigamani , Sastry G. Narahari 
Published: May 2013

AbstractUnderstanding noncovalent interactions on the surfaces of carbon nanostructures (CNSs) is of fundamental importance and also has implications in nano‐ and biotechnology. The interactions of aromatic compounds such as benzene, naphthalene, and aromatic amino acids with CNSs of varying diameter, chirality, and curvature were systematically explored by using density functional theory. Planar graphene exhibits stronger binding affinity than curved carbon nanotubes (CNTs), whereas zigzag CNTs appear to show stronger binding affinity than armchair CNTs. For hydrocarbons, there exist two competing modes, namely, π–π stacking interactions and CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions, which bring the aromatic motifs into parallel and perpendicular dispositions with respect to the CNSs, respectively. Our results reveal that π–π stacking interactions override CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions in such cases. However, in the case of aromatic amino acids, π–π interactions can exist simultaneously along with a range of other interactions, including CH⋅⋅⋅π. The polarizability and HOMO energy of the CNSs were found to be the key factors that determine the binding energies. The HOMO–LUMO energy gaps of the CNSs were found to be undisturbed by the noncovalent functionalization of the aromatic molecules.
Fast Ion Transport and Phase Separation in a Mechanically Driven Flow of Electrolytes through Tortuous Sub‐Nanometer Nanochannels
Authors: Liu Ling , Chen Xi 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBoth nanostructured materials and nanotubes hold tremendous promises for separation and purification applications, such as water desalination. By using molecular dynamics, herein, we compare the transport of aqueous electrolyte solutions through a Y‐zeolite, which features interconnected, tortuous sub‐nanometer nanopores, and a model silica nanotube, which has the same composition but is straight and has much lower surface complexity. In the Y‐zeolite, ion transport is faster than the transport of water molecules, thus leading to a phenomenon of phase separation in which a gradient of salt concentration is generated along the flow direction. However, similar transport characteristics and phase separation are not found in the model silica nanotube. Detailed analysis suggests that, in nanochannels with complicated geometries, such as those of the Y‐zeolite, the structural and flow characteristics of confined nanofluids are highly coupled, thus influencing the transport of ions and solvents and causing the phenomenon of phase separation.
Large‐Scale Production of Nanographene Sheets with a Controlled Mesoporous Architecture as High‐Performance Electrochemical Electrode Materials
Authors: Zhang Haitao , Zhang Xiong , Sun Xianzhong , Zhang Dacheng , Lin He , Wang Changhui , Wang Hongjin , Ma Yanwei 
Published: May 2013

AbstractGraphene is considered as a rising‐star material because of its unique properties and it is a promising material for applications in many fields. In recent years, experiments on graphene fabricated by using versatile methods have shed light on the crucial problem of aggregation and restacking, which is induced by strong π–π stacking and van der Waals forces, but preparation methods for real‐world applications are still a great challenge. Here we report a facile, rapid, and environmentally friendly process, the burn–quench method, that allows large‐scale and controlled synthesis of ordered mesoporous nanographene with 1–5 layers, which has a high surface area and electric conductivity. Electrodes composed of nanographene with a mesoporous architecture used both in electrochemical capacitors and lithium‐ion batteries have a high specific capacitance, rate capability, energy density, and cyclic stability. Our results represent an important step toward large‐scale graphene synthesis based on this new burn–quench method for applications in high‐performance electrochemical energy storage devices.
A group strategy‐proof incentive approach for eliminating selfish behaviors in peer‐to‐peer file allocation
Authors: Zuo Fang , Zhang Wei 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we formulate and solve the selfish allocation problem by using game theory, which is different from the previously studied researches in three ways that make it more accurately reflective of real world peer‐to‐peer (P2P) allocation: (i) we treat the nodes as strategic agents and treat the replica allocation as a deliberate auction where node is incentivized to give his true quality of service for obtaining the replica; (ii) our mechanism computes node utility for all possible replica destination and payments for those destination nodes, and the best appropriate node can be selected as the final placement destination; and (iii) we show how to carry out our scheme with a distributed algorithm that is a straightforward extension to P2P allocation method and causes an overhead in convergence time. Our design and analysis of a strategy proof, feasible, Vickrey–Clarke–Groves‐based auction scheme provides a new, promising direction in distributed algorithmic mechanism design, which has heretofore been focused mainly on P2P application. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Order Splitting Behavior by Different Types of Traders in the Taiwan Index Futures Markets Under Diverse Market Conditions
Authors: Wang Yun‐Yi 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe set out in this study to empirically investigate the intraday pattern of order splitting behavior, along with the impacts of market conditions on the order splitting behavior of different types of traders. Our results indicate an intraday pattern in order splitting trading, which is found to be at its highest during the first hour of the trading day. We also present consistent evidence to show that order splitting behavior varies with market conditions, with a clear increase in such behavior when volume is at a high level, and when returns and volatility are at low levels. These results are particularly evident for foreign institutions and proprietary firms, although less so for domestic institutions and individual traders; this is possibly due to the greater sophistication of foreign institutional and proprietary firm traders, which enables them to dynamically alter their order submission strategies, depending upon the prevailing market conditions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 34:883–910, 2014
PTH(1-84) replacement therapy in hypoparathyroidism: A randomized controlled trial on pharmacokinetic and dynamic effects after 6 months of treatment
Authors: Sikjaer Tanja , Amstrup Anne Kristine , Rolighed Lars , Kjaer Soren Geill , Mosekilde Leif , Rejnmark Lars 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT

Untreated, hypoparathyroidism (hypoPT) is a state of hypocalcemia with inappropriately low plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and hyperphosphatemia. PTH administration normalizes plasma calcium and phosphate levels and reduces the doses of calcium and active vitamin D analogues needed. To develop an evidence-based clinical algorithm to monitor hypoPT patients treated with recombinant human PTH (rhPTH[1-84]) injected subcutaneously in the thigh, we performed a 24-hour monitoring study of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects in a group of 38 patients who had completed a 6-month randomized study on effects of treatment with a fixed rhPTH(1-84) dose of 100 µg/d or similar placebo as an add-on to conventional treatment. PTH levels rose immediately, reaching a median peak level of 26.5 (interquartile range [IQR], 20.1–42.5) pmol/L 15 minutes following injection. Thereafter, levels gradually decreased until reaching predosing levels after 16 hours, with a plasma half-life of 2.2 (1.7–2.5) hours. rhPTH(1-84) changed the diurnal rhythms of ionized calcium levels and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D) levels, with rising levels following injection. Ionized calcium peaked after 7.0 (5.0–10.0) hours. Asymptomatic hypercalcemia was present in 71% of the rhPTH(1-84)-treated patients. Compared with placebo, 24-hour urinary calcium, phosphate, and magnesium did not change, although the diurnal variation in renal excretion rates changed significantly in response to treatment. In conclusion, as a safety precaution, we recommend occasionally measuring calcium levels at approximately 7 hours after administration in order to reveal episodes of hypercalcemia. A 100-µg daily dose of rhPTH(1-84) appears to be too high in some patients, suggesting a need for a device allowing for individual dose adjustments. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Comparative Kinetic Monte Carlo study of the Sulfinyl and Dithiocarbamate Precursor Route toward Highly Regioregular MDMO‐PPV
Authors: Van Steenberge Paul H. M. , D'hooge Dagmar R. , Vandenbergh Joke , Reyniers Marie‐Françoise , Adriaensens Peter J. , Vanderzande Dirk J. M. , Marin Guy B. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractA comparative kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) modeling study is presented for the synthesis of poly(2‐methoxy‐5‐(3′,7′‐dimethyloctyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene) (MDMO‐PPV) via the sulfinyl and dithiocarbamate (DTC) precursor route. The sulfinyl precursor route allows a much faster polymerization toward highly regioregular and high molar mass MDMO‐PPV starting from non‐equimolar amounts of the isomeric sulfinyl premonomers. In the DTC precursor route, the polymerization can be started from a single dithiocarbamate premonomer and a higher yield can be reached. In contrast, synthesis of highly regioregular MDMO‐PPV via the sulfinyl precursor route requires separation of the isomeric premonomers after their synthesis and before polymerization. magnified image
Conventional radical polymerization and iodine‐transfer polymerization of 4′‐nonafluorobutyl styrene: Surface and thermal characterizations of the resulting poly(fluorostyrene)s
Authors: Ceretta Flavio , Zaggia Alessandro , Conte Lino , Ameduri Bruno 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT4′‐Nonafluorobutylstyrene (3) was synthesized and polymerized by conventional and controlled radical polymerization (iodine transfer polymerization (ITP)). Such an aromatic fluoromonomer was prepared from Ullmann coupling between 1‐iodoperfluorobutane and 4‐bromoacetophenone followed by a reduction and a dehydration in 50% overall yield. Two radical polymerizations of (3) were initiated by AIBN either under conventional or controlled conditions, with 1‐iodoperfluorohexane in 84% monomer conversion and in 50% yield. ITP of (3) featured a fast monomer conversion and a linear evolution of the ln([M]0/[M]) versus time. The kinetics of radical homopolymerization of (3) enabled one to assess its square of the propagation rate to the termination rate (kp2/kt) in ITP conditions (36.2·10−2 l·mol−2·sec−2 at 80 °C) from the Tobolsky's kinetic law. Polydispersity index (Đ) of the fluoropolymer achieved by conventional polymerization was 1.30 while it worthed 1.15 when synthesized by ITP. Thermal stabilities of these oligomers were satisfactory (10% weight loss under air occurred from 305 °C) whereas the melting point was 47 °C. Contact angles and surface energies assessed from spin‐coated poly(3) films obtained by conventional (hysteresis = 18°, surface energy 18 mN.m−1) and ITP (hysteresis = 47°, surface energy 15 mN.m−1) evidenced Đ values' influence onto surface properties of the synthesized polymers. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3202–3212