bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Intelligent Driving School Vehicle System Based on Digital Twin Technology
Authors: Zhang Xinran , Bian Yongming , Yang Meng , Shao Jie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe development of intelligent vehicle systems has progressed through multiple stages, evolving from initial basic functionalities to the integration of intelligent and automated technologies, achieving significant advancements. With technological advancements, intelligent vehicle systems have gradually introduced driving assistance features such as autonomous driving assistance and adaptive cruise control. In response to the developmental needs of intelligent driving school vehicle systems, a comprehensive research proposal is presented based on digital twin technology. By incorporating a multi-source data acquisition module, real-time collection and monitoring of various sensor data within the driving school vehicles are achieved, ensuring the acquisition of crucial information during the driving process. To facilitate efficient communication between the data monitoring center and the driving school vehicles, a driving school local area network is established, providing a solid foundation for data transmission and real-time monitoring. A user-friendly and intuitive front-end interface is designed to visualize vehicle status information and student driving data for instructors, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of driving school education. Finally, based on practical application tests, data processing of coordinate information is conducted and showcased in the front-end interface, validating the feasibility and practicality of the designed system in driving school vehicle management and educational training.
Research on Architecture of Intelligent Simulation System for Automatic Quay Crane Training Based on Embedded Digital Twin Technology
Authors: He Mengjie , Zhang Yujie , Shen Yang , Mi Chao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe training of automated container gantry crane drivers faces with challenges, such as high safety risks, difficult training, and high learning cost. Therefore, we have designed an intelligent simulation system architecture for automated container quay cranes training based on embedded digital twin technology. This system can be directly embedded into the real quay crane remote control console without changing the original quay crane hardware equipment. It enables real-time switching between virtual quay crane remote control operation simulations and real gantry crane remote control operation, providing training for quay bridge drivers while also accounting for the real quay crane operation in time. To achieve seamless switching between real control and simulation training, we have designed two types of controllers: an automatic quay bridge remote control operation simulation system based on OPC UA communication protocol, and a real quay crane automation controller based on PLC control bus. Both controllers can communicate bidirectionally with the remote control room operating station PLC. Practical application at a wharf has demonstrated that our designed system offers high safety, real operation experience, and significant training effectiveness, effectively improving automated quay crane training outcomes, efficiency, and effectiveness.
Recognition Method for Train Coupler Handle Based on YOLOv5 Model
Authors: Liu Zhiyuan , Li Yan , Xu Zhanmou , Li Jialu , Ding Jiayi , Zhang Xiong , Wan Shuting , Zhao Jingyi , Guo Rui , Cai Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo solve the problem of identifying different types of car couplers during the operation of the automatic uncoupling robot of a tippler, a method for recognizing the handle of a car coupler based on the YOLOv5 model has been proposed. This method selects YOLOv5n, which is relatively simple in the YOLOv5 series, as the benchmark model for the detection network. The overall structure is more concise, effectively reducing the number of model parameters while ensuring detection accuracy. The YOLOv5n model used for feature extraction and target recognition on two types of coupler datasets: upper action and lower action, greatly reducing the time required for training and testing, and achieving extremely high recognition accuracy. Compared with the commonly used SSD300 model and Faster R-CNN model, it shows significant advantages in terms of parameter quantity, computational complexity, predictive inference speed and weight file size.
Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Effects on Non-Newtonian Nanofluid Flow Between Two Parallel Plates in the Presence of Darcy Brinkman Forchheimer
Authors: Bashir Muhammad , Abbas Munawwar Ali , Sun Bo , Chen Li , Muhammad Saima 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDue to its vast industrial applications and biological context, the investigation of the inconsistent heat and mass transfer that drives the flow of squeezing viscous nanofluids between two plates is a fascinating topic. In this study, we investigated the heat transfer analysis of unsteady viscous nanofluid between two parallel plates. The partial differential equations illustrating the flow model are converted to nonlinear ordinary differential equations by suggesting similarity transformations. The resulting dimensionless and nonlinear ODEs of temperature functions and velocity are solved using the well know numerical technique shooting method by transforming the problem into initial value problem from boundary value problem. The results found are consistent with this numerical solution. Graphically explore the impacts of different parameters on temperature profiles and velocity. The results are compared with the results solved by HPM. The results concurred with this numerical solution. These findings are considered much be useful in the application of polymer processing, power transmission, compression, temporary loading of mechanical parts, food processing, cooling water, gravity machinery, modeling of plastic transport in vivo, chemical processing instruments, and demolition due to freezing.
The Perfect Fluid Characteristic of the Quark Gluon Plasma
Authors: Li Ke , Ma Cheng , Qu Jiahua , Zhang Jiayi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article explores the unique characteristics of the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) by analyzing open data obtained from the ALICE experiment for Pb–Pb collisions and from the CMS experiment for Xe–Xe collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The total integrated luminosity of the analyzed data is 3.42 $$\mu {b}^{-1}$$

μ

b

-
1

. The findings indicate that there are similar patterns in the correlation between the transverse momentum ($${P}_{t}$$

P
t

) and the flow coefficients ($${v}_{2}$$

v
2

and $${v}_{3}$$

v
3

) in both Xe–Xe and Pb–Pb collisions. Additionally, the paper estimates the shear viscosity to entropy density ratios of the QGPs by comparing the $${P}_{t}$$

P
t

dependence of $${v}_{2}$$

v
2

and $${v}_{3}$$

v
3

, as obtained from the experiments, with the calculations derived from relativistic hydrodynamics equations using various shear viscosity to entropy density ratios.
Thermal Error Modeling Method of Machining Center Linear Axis for Heat Conduction Mechanism
Authors: Ding Qiangqiang , Guo Shijie , Chen Geng , Tang Shufeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo address the thermal deformation of machine tool components, a thermal error prediction model based on the ROA-LSSVM network was proposed. First of all, the heat transfer mechanism of the linear feed system was analyzed. By analyzing temperature distribution characteristics during the heat transfer process, the best temperature measurement point position was determined to ensure that the thermal error could be accurately predicted. Secondly, in order to build a prediction model with high accuracy and strong robustness, Raccoon optimization algorithm (ROA) was proposed to optimize the hyperparameters of the least square support vector machine (LSSVM) network model, which was difficult to determine the kernel function and penalty function. Finally, the experiment was measured on a VDL-600A machining center, and the accuracy and practicability of the proposed thermal error prediction model were verified by the thermal deformation in the measurement process. The experimental results show that The ROA-LSSVM model reduces the RMSE by 42% compared with the LSSVM network and 45% compared with the SVM network.
Model-independent estimates for loop-induced baryon-number-violating nucleon decays
Authors: Gargalionis John , Herrero-García Juan , Schmidt Michael A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBaryon number is an accidental symmetry of the Standard Model (SM) Lagrangian that so far has been measured to be exactly preserved, although it is expected to be violated at higher energies. In this work we compute order-of-magnitude estimates for the matching contributions of generic ultraviolet models to effective operators that generate nucleon decay processes. This is done in a systematic and automated way using operators constructed from SM fields up to dimension nine and working in a framework that has proved useful in the study of lepton-number violation. For each of the operators we derive estimates for the rates of different nucleon-decay channels. These allow us to establish model-independent lower bounds on the underlying new-physics scale and identify potential correlations between the various decay modes. The results are most relevant for families of models that generate the considered operator. This analysis is especially timely given the expected future sensitivities in numerous experiments such as Hyper-K, DUNE, JUNO and THEIA.
From spectral to scattering form factor
Authors: Bianchi Massimo , Firrotta Maurizio , Sonnenschein Jacob , Weissman Dorin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We propose a novel indicator for chaotic quantum scattering processes, the scattering form factor (ScFF). It is based on mapping the locations of peaks in the scattering amplitude to random matrix eigenvalues, and computing the analog of the spectral form factor (SFF). We compute the spectral and scattering form factors of several non-chaotic systems. We determine the ScFF associated with the phase shifts of the leaky torus, closely related to the distribution of the zeros of Riemann zeta function. We compute the ScFF for the decay amplitude of a highly excited string states into two tachyons. We show that it displays the universal features expected from random matrix theory - a decline, a ramp and a plateau - and is in general agreement with the Gaussian unitary ensemble. It also shows some new features, owning to the special structure of the string amplitude, including a “bump” before the ramp associated with gaps in the average eigenvalue density. The “bump” is removed for highly excited string states with an appropriate state dependent unfolding. We also discuss the SFF for the Gaussian β-ensemble, writing an interpolation between the known results of the Gaussian orthogonal, unitary, and symplectic ensembles.
Towards systematic evaluation of de Sitter correlators via Generalized Integration-By-Parts relations
Authors: Chen Jiaqi , Feng Bo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We generalize Integration-By-Parts (IBP) and differential equations methods to de Sitter correlators related to inflation. While massive correlators in de Sitter spacetime are usually regarded as highly intricate, we find they have remarkably hidden concise structures from the perspective of IBP. We find the factorization of the IBP relations of each vertex integral family corresponding to dτi integration. Furthermore, with a smart construction of master integrals, the universal formulas for iterative reduction and d log-form differential equations of arbitrary vertex integral family are presented and proved. These formulas dominate all tree-level de Sitter correlators and play a kernel role at the loop-level as well.
Aging- and alcohol-associated spatial transcriptomic signature in mouse acute pancreatitis reveals heterogeneity of inflammation and potential pathogenic factors
Authors: Tindall Rachel R. , Yang Yuntao , Hernandez Isabella , Qin Amy , Li Jiajing , Zhang Yinjie , Gomez Thomas H. , Younes Mamoun , Shen Qiang , Bailey-Lundberg Jennifer M. , Zhao Zhongming , Kraushaar Daniel , Castro Patricia , Cao Yanna , Zheng W. Jim , Ko Tien C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The rapidly aging population is consuming more alcohol, leading to increased alcohol-associated acute pancreatitis (AAP) with high mortality. However, the mechanisms remain undefined, and currently there are no effective therapies available. This study aims to elucidate aging- and alcohol-associated spatial transcriptomic signature by establishing an aging AAP mouse model and applying Visium spatial transcriptomics for understanding of the mechanisms in the context of the pancreatic tissue. Upon alcohol diet feeding and caerulein treatment, aging mice (18 months) developed significantly more severe AAP with 5.0-fold increase of injury score and 2.4-fold increase of amylase compared to young mice (3 months). Via Visium spatial transcriptomics, eight distinct tissue clusters were revealed from aggregated transcriptomes of aging and young AAP mice: five acinar, two stromal, and one islet, which were then merged into three clusters: acinar, stromal, and islet for the comparative analysis. Compared to young AAP mice, > 1300 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and approximately 3000 differentially regulated pathways were identified in aging AAP mice. The top five DEGs upregulated in aging AAP mice include Mmp8, Ppbp, Serpina3m, Cxcl13, and Hamp with heterogeneous distributions among the clusters. Taken together, this study demonstrates spatial heterogeneity of inflammatory processes in aging AAP mice, offering novel insights into the mechanisms and potential drivers for AAP development.

Key messages

Mechanisms regarding high mortality of AAP in aging remain undefined.

An aging AAP mouse model was developed recapturing clinical exhibition in humans.

Spatial transcriptomics identified contrasted DEGs in aging vs. young AAP mice. Top five DEGs were Mmp8, Ppbp, Serpina3m, Cxcl13, and Hamp in aging vs. young AAP mice.

Our findings shed insights for identification of molecular drivers in aging AAP.
Immersive virtual reality as a novel approach to investigate the association between adverse events and adolescent paranoid ideation
Authors: Gayer-Anderson Charlotte , Knowles Gemma , Beards Stephanie , Turner Alice , Stanyon Daniel , Davis Sam , Blakey Rachel , Lowis Katie , Dorn Lynsey , Ofori Aisha , Rus-Calafell Mar , Morgan Craig , Valmaggia Lucia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Paranoid ideation is common among adolescents, yet little is known about the precursors. Using a novel immersive virtual reality (VR) paradigm, we tested whether experiences of bullying, and other interpersonal/threatening events, are associated with paranoid ideation to a greater degree than other types of (i) non-interpersonal events or (ii) adverse childhood experiences.

Methods
Self-reported exposure to adverse life events and bullying was collected on 481 adolescents, aged 11–15. We used mixed effects (multilevel) linear regression to estimate the magnitude of associations between risk factors and paranoid ideation, assessed by means of adolescents’ reactions to ambiguously behaving avatars in a VR school canteen, adjusting for putative confounders (gender, year group, ethnicity, free school meal status, place of birth, family mental health problems).

Results
Lifetime exposure to interpersonal/threatening events, but not non-interpersonal events or adverse circumstances, was associated with higher levels of state paranoid ideation, with further evidence that the effect was cumulative (1 type: ϐadj 0.07, 95% CI -0.01-0.14; 2 types: ϐadj 0.14, 95% CI 0.05–0.24; 3 + types: ϐadj 0.24, 95% CI 0.12–0.36). More tentatively, for girls, but not boys, recent bullying was associated with heightened paranoid ideation with effect estimates ranging from ϐadj 0.06 (95% CI -0.02-0.15) for physical bullying to ϐadj 0.21 (95% CI 0.10–0.32) for cyber bullying.

Conclusions
Our data suggest a degree of specificity for adversities involving interpersonal threat or hostility, i.e. those that involve unwanted interference and/or attempted control of an individual’s personal boundaries being associated with heightened levels of state paranoid ideation among adolescents.
Benefit of classical leveling for geoid-based vertical reference frames
Authors: Gerlach Christian , Rummel Reiner 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClassically, vertical reference frames were realized as national or continent-wide networks of geopotential differences derived from geodetic leveling, i.e., from the combination of spirit leveling and gravimetry. Those networks are affected by systematic errors in leveling, leading to tilts in the order of decimeter to meter in larger networks. Today, there opens the possibility to establish a worldwide unified vertical reference frame based on a conventional (quasi)geoid model. Such a frame would be accessible through GNSS measurements, i.e., physical heights would be derived by the method of GNSS-leveling. The question arises, whether existing geodetic leveling data are abolished completely for the realization of vertical reference frames, are used for validation purposes only, or whether existing or future geodetic leveling data can still be of use for the realization of vertical reference frames. The question is mainly driven by the high quality of leveled potential differences over short distances. In the following we investigate two approaches for the combination of geopotential numbers from GNSS-leveling and potential differences from geodetic leveling. In the first approach, both data sets are combined in a common network adjustment leading to potential values at the benchmarks of the leveling network. In the second approach, potential differences from geodetic leveling are used as observable for regional gravity field modeling. This leads to a grid of geoid heights based on classical observables like gravity anomalies and now also on leveled potential differences. Based on synthetic data and a realistic stochastic model, we show that incorporating leveled potential differences improves the quality of a continent-wide network of GNSS-heights (approach 1) by about 40% and that formal and empirical errors of a regional geoid model (approach 2) are reduced by about 20% at leveling benchmarks. While these numbers strongly depend on the chosen stochastic model, the results show the benefit of using leveled potential differences for the realization of a modern geoid-based reference frame. Independent of the specific numbers of the improvement, an additional benefit is the consistency (within the error bounds of each observation type) of leveling data with vertical coordinates from GNSS and a conventional geoid model. Even though we focus on geodetic leveling, the methods proposed are independent of the specific technique used to observe potential (or equivalently height) differences and can thus be applied also to other techniques like chronometric or hydrodynamic leveling.
Protective effect of astaxanthin on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcerations in mice
Authors: Aly Mohamed H. , Said Aya K. , Farghaly Aya M. , Eldaly Dalia A. , Ahmed Dina S. , Gomaa Maram H. , Elgebaly Nazih H. , Sameh Omar , Elahwany Salma K. , Ebrahem Tasneem T. , Sameh Youssif , Wally Maha E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract Gastric ulcer disease remains one of the common medical burdens affecting millions worldwide due to its prevalent risk factors with the chronic usage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at the top, reportedly through the stimulation of oxidative stress and triggering of inflammatory and apoptotic cascades in the gastric mucosa. Astaxanthin, a dietary keto-carotenoid derived from marine organisms is gaining a wide interest as a nutraceutical for its pronounced antioxidant properties. Here, we aim to examine the potential modulatory role of astaxanthin on indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in experimental mice. Twenty-four Swiss albino mice were randomly distributed into four groups: a control group, an indomethacin group, and two groups pre-treated with either omeprazole or astaxanthin. The gastric tissues were assessed using gross morphology, ulcer scoring, gastric juice acidity, as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Histopathological examination and immunostaining for nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and caspase-3 levels were also employed. Indomethacin group tended to show a higher number of mucosal ulcerations relative to control and pre-treated groups. The indomethacin group also showed significantly lower GSH levels and higher MDA levels relative to control. Immunostaining of gastric tissue sections showed a higher reactivity to NF-﻿κB and caspase-3 in indomethacin group. Astaxanthin pre-treatment significantly elevated gastric juice pH, normalized GSH levels, and lowered the indomethacin-induced elevations in MDA, NF-﻿κB, and caspase-3 levels. These results indicate that astaxanthin exhibits a comparable protective effect to omeprazole, against indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration. This anti-ulcerogenic effect could be mediated through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic modulatory activities.
Graphical Abstract
Diagnostic Value of 99mTc-MIBI Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Detecting Myocardial Ischemia of Children with Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Artery Lesions
Authors: Gui Yiting , Lin Yixiang , Wu Ha , Dai Guangan , Liang Xuecun , Chu Chen , Zheng Yuanzheng , Zhao Quming , Wang Feng , Sun Shuna , Huang Guoying , Yan Weili , He Lan , Liu Fang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPediatric patients with coronary artery lesions (CALs) after Kawasaki disease (KD) may be complicated with myocardial ischemia. Although previous studies in adults have proven the diagnostic value of 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) for ischemic heart disease, its feasibility and accuracy in this pediatric population remain uncertain. In this retrospective study, we collected data of 177 pediatric patients (Age range: 6 months to 14 years) who had undergone MPI and coronary artery angiography (CAG) between July 2019 and February 2023. Using the positive result of CAG as the reference standard of myocardial ischemia, we compared the results of 99mTc-MIBI MPI with other non-invasive examinations, including cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), echocardiogram, and comprehensive electrocardiogram-related examinations. All patients finished adenosine triphosphate stress MPI without major side effects. The sensitivity of MPI was 79.17%, which was greater than CMRI and echocardiogram (P < 0.05). The negative predictive value and the accuracy of MPI were 89.9% and 71.75%, indicating the advantages over others. Composite monitoring strategy of MPI and CMRI effectively improved the diagnostic performance (P < 0.001). In 4 cases diagnosed with myocardial ischemia by “MPI + CMRI,” despite the absence of significant stenosis, multiple giant coronary artery aneurysms (GCAA) were all observed in CAG. 99mTc-MIBI MPI is the preferred non-invasive examination for detecting myocardial ischemia in pediatric patients with CAL after KD. When combined with CMRI, it can enhance diagnostic accuracy. Multiple GCAAs without stenosis may be an isolated risk factor of myocardial ischemia.