bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Myocardial Oxygen Availability Contributes to Abnormal Exercise Hemodynamics in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: van Empel Vanessa P. M. , Mariani Justin , Borlaug Barry A. , Kaye David M. 
Published: December 2014

Background

Hypertension is a frequent risk factor for the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (
HFPEF
). Progressive extracellular matrix accumulation has been presumed to be the fundamental pathophysiologic mechanism that leads to the transition to impaired diastolic reserve. However, the contribution of other mechanisms affecting active and passive components of diastolic function has not been comprehensively assessed. In this study, we investigated the potential role of impaired myocardial oxygen delivery in the pathophysiology of
HFPEF
.

Methods and Results

Patients with
HFPEF
, those with controlled hypertension, and healthy controls underwent simultaneous right‐heart catheterization, echocardiography, and paired arterial and coronary sinus blood gas sampling at rest and during supine‐cycle ergometry. Despite a lower workload (
HFPEF
vs control, hypertension: 43±8 versus 114±12, 87±14 W;
P
<0.001 and
P
<0.05, respectively), peak exercise pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was markedly higher in
HFPEF
patients compared with healthy and hypertensive controls (32±2 versus 16±1 and 17±1 mm Hg, both
P
<0.001). During exercise, the transcardiac oxygen gradient increased significantly in all groups; however, the peak transcardiac oxygen gradient was significantly lower in
HFPEF
patients (
P
<0.05). In addition, the left ventricular–work corrected transcardiac oxygen gradient remained significantly lower in
HFPEF
patients compared with controls (
P
<0.001).

Conclusion

The current study provides unique data suggesting that the abnormal diastolic reserve observed during exertion in
HFPEF
patients may, in part, be explained by impaired myocardial oxygen delivery due possibly to microvascular dysfunction. Further studies are required to confirm the structural and functional basis of these findings and to investigate the influence of potential therapies on this abnormality.
Effectiveness of Diagnostic Strategies in Suspected Delayed Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Rawal Sapna , Barnett Carolina , John-Baptiste Ava , Thein Hla-Hla , Krings Timo , Rinkel Gabriel J.E. 
Published: December 2014

Background and Purpose—
Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a serious complication after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. If DCI is suspected clinically, imaging methods designed to detect angiographic vasospasm or regional hypoperfusion are often used before instituting therapy. Uncertainty in the strength of the relationship between imaged vasospasm or perfusion deficits and DCI-related outcomes raises the question of whether imaging to select patients for therapy improves outcomes in clinical DCI.

Methods—
Decision analysis was performed using Markov models. Strategies were either to treat all patients immediately or to first undergo diagnostic testing by digital subtraction angiography or computed tomography angiography to assess for angiographic vasospasm, or computed tomography perfusion to assess for perfusion deficits. According to current practice guidelines, treatment consisted of induced hypertension. Outcomes were survival in terms of life-years and quality-adjusted life-years.

Results—
When treatment was assumed to be ineffective in nonvasospasm patients, Treat All and digital subtraction angiography were equivalent strategies; when a moderate treatment effect was assumed in nonvasospasm patients, Treat All became the superior strategy. Treating all patients was also superior to selecting patients for treatment via computed tomography perfusion. One-way sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the models were robust; 2- and 3-way sensitivity analyses with variation of disease and treatment parameters reinforced dominance of the Treat All strategy.

Conclusions—
Imaging studies to test for the presence of angiographic vasospasm or perfusion deficits in patients with clinical DCI do not seem helpful in selecting which patients should undergo treatment and may not improve outcomes. Future directions include validating these results in prospective cohort studies.
Ctenostomatous Bryozoa from São Paulo, Brazil, with descriptions of twelve new species
Authors: Vieira Leandro M. , Migotto Alvaro E. , Winston Judith E. 
Published: December 2014

This paper describes 21 ctenostomatous bryozoans from the state of São Paulo, Brazil, based on specimens observed in vivo. A new family, Jebramellidae n. fam., is erected for a newly described genus and species, Jebramella angusta n. gen. et sp. Eleven other species are described as new: Alcyonidium exiguum n. sp., Alcyonidium pulvinatum n. sp., Alcyonidium torquatum n. sp., Alcyonidium vitreum n. sp., Bowerbankia ernsti n. sp., Bowerbankia evelinae n. sp., Bowerbankia mobilis n. sp., Nolella elizae n. sp., Panolicella brasiliensis n. sp., Sundanella rosea n. sp., Victorella araceae n. sp. Taxonomic and ecological notes are also included for nine previously described species: Aeverrillia setigera (Hincks, 1887), Alcyonidium hauffi Marcus, 1939, Alcyonidium polypylum Marcus, 1941, Anguinella palmata van Beneden, 1845, Arachnoidella evelinae (Marcus, 1937), Bantariella firmata (Marcus, 1938) n. comb., Nolella sawayai Marcus, 1938, Nolella stipata Gosse, 1855 and Zoobotryon verticillatum (delle Chiaje, 1822).
Hydroclimatic Aspects of the 2011 Assiniboine River Basin Flood
Authors: Brimelow Julian , Szeto Kit , Bonsal Barrie , Hanesiak John , Kochtubajda Bohdan , Evans Fraser , Stewart Ronald 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn the spring and early summer of 2011, the Assiniboine River basin in Canada experienced an extreme flood that was unprecedented in terms of duration and severity. The flood had significant socioeconomic impacts and caused over $1 billion (Canadian dollars) in damage. Contrary to what one might expect for such an extreme flood, individual precipitation events before and during the 2011 flood were not extreme; instead, it was the cumulative impact and timing of precipitation events going back to the summer of 2010 that played a key role in the 2011 flood. The summer and fall of 2010 were exceptionally wet, resulting in above-normal soil moisture levels at the time of freeze-up. This was followed by record high snow water equivalent values in March and April 2011. Cold temperatures in March delayed the spring melt, resulting in the above-average spring freshet occurring close to the onset of heavy rains in May and June. The large-scale atmospheric flow during May and June 2011 favored increased cyclone activity in the region, which produced an anomalously large number of heavy rainfall events over the basin. All of these factors combined generated extreme flooding. Japanese 55-year Reanalysis Project (JRA-55) data are used to quantify the relative importance of snowmelt and spring precipitation in contributing to the unprecedented flood and to demonstrate how the 2011 flood was unique compared to previous floods. This study can be used to validate and improve flood forecasting techniques over this important basin; the findings also raise important questions regarding floods in a changing climate over basins that experience pluvial and nival flooding.
Lateral Circulation Generates Flood Tide Stratification and Estuarine Exchange Flow in a Curved Tidal Inlet
Authors: Becherer Johannes , Stacey Mark T. , Umlauf Lars , Burchard Hans 
Published: December 2014

AbstractCross-channel transect measurements of microstructure and velocity in a well-mixed and curved tidal inlet in the German Wadden Sea show the occurrence of significant late flood stratification. This stratification is found to be a result of lateral straining. This study observes a strong single-cell lateral circulation, which is strongly pronounced at late flood and absent during most of ebb. This tidal asymmetry is caused by a systematic interplay between centrifugal forcing and the lateral baroclinic pressure gradient. During flood a positive feedback between the terms generates strong lateral circulation, whereas during ebb a negative feedback leads to a suppression of the cross-channel exchange. A theoretical framework based on vorticity is developed, which allows lateral and longitudinal circulation to be studied in a consistent way. With this framework it is possible to show that the tidal asymmetry of the lateral flow is a major driver of residual longitudinal estuarine circulation, here identified with the tidally averaged across-channel vorticity component.
Improving Lightning Cessation Guidance Using Polarimetric Radar Data
Authors: Preston Ari D. , Fuelberg Henry E. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Polarimetric radar data are used to develop lightning cessation guidance for the Cape Canaveral area of central Florida. For this purpose, 80 nonsevere thunderstorm cells in 2012, mostly during the warm season, are analyzed. In-cloud and cloud-to-ground lightning data for the storms are obtained by combining information from the second-generation Lightning Detection and Ranging (LDAR-II) network and the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN). Storms are tracked using the Warning Decision Support System–Integrated Information (WDSS-II) software, producing time series of radar- and lightning-derived parameters. The 80 storms are split into two categories: 1) 50 isolated storms whose lightning initiation sources are confined to the core or anvil region of the storm and 2) 30 nonisolated cells whose lightning channels are initiated in a nearby active storm and extended to the dissipating study cell. Trends in polarimetric radar parameters at different temperature levels are studied for 40 of the 50 isolated storms to develop cessation guidance. Results based on a completely independent sample of 10 storms reveal that the best-performing cessation algorithm utilizes the presence of graupel and horizontal reflectivity ≥35 dBZ at the −10°C temperature altitude. Lightning is not expected 10 min after both thresholds are no longer met. However, this relationship does not apply to nonisolated cells because a neighboring storm could still be electrically active. Results show that a stratiform cloud region connecting the decaying storm to an active storm might facilitate further channel propagation that might not have occurred otherwise. Thus, the proposed cessation guidelines are not recommended for nonisolated cells.
Comparison of Hevylite™ IgA and IgG assay with conventional techniques for the diagnosis and follow-up of plasma cell dyscrasia
Authors: Paolini Lucia , Di Noto Giuseppe , Maffina Francesca , Martellosio Giovanni , Radeghieri Annalisa , Luigi Caimi , Ricotta Doris 
Published: December 2014

Background Heavy/light chain assay allows the characterization and quantification of immunoglobulin light chains bound to heavy chains for each Ig’k and Ig’λ immunoglobulin class, discriminating between the involved/uninvolved isotypes in plasma cell dyscrasia. The Ig’k/Ig’λ ratio (heavy/light chain ratio) enables to monitor the trend of monoclonal component during therapy and disease evolution. Objective In this study, we evaluate the impact of the heavy/light chain assay in monitoring multiple myeloma patients in comparison with conventional techniques. Methods Serum samples of 28 patients with IgG or IgA monoclonal component were collected for a mean of 109 days and analyzed. The heavy/light chain assay was compared with classical immunoglobulin quantification (Ig’Tot), serum immunofixation electrophoresis, serum protein electrophoresis, and serum-free light chains quantification. Serum samples from 30 healthy patients were used as control (polyclonal). Results Heavy/light chain ratio and serum immunofixation electrophoresis were comparable in 86% of the cases, and free light chain ratio and heavy/light chain ratio in 71.8%. Heavy/light chain assay and Ig’Tot measurements showed a concentration-dependent agreement in monoclonal patients. The heavy/light chain assay was able to quantify the monoclonal component migrating in SPE β region: this occurred in 10% of our IgG and 50% of our IgA patients. Conclusions The concordance scores indicate that heavy/light chain and Ig’Tot assays show differences at high monoclonal component values. The heavy/light chain ratio, serum immunofixation electrophoresis, and free light chain ratio showed partial concordance. Our study confirmed that, in the context of heavy/light chain assay, heavy/light chain Ig’k and Ig’λ absolute values and heavy/light chain ratio are both important tools to monitor the presence of monoclonal component that are difficult to be identified in SPE.
How much orientation towards the host culture is healthy? Acculturation style as risk enhancement for depressive symptoms in immigrants
Authors: Behrens Katharina , del Pozo Melina A , Großhennig Anika , Sieberer Marcel , Graef-Calliess Iris T 
Published: December 2014

Aims: As the specific acculturative tasks and challenges involved in the migration process can lead to an increased risk for depressive symptoms, the study was designed to gain further insight into the interrelation between acculturation styles and mental health. Methods: A total of n = 90 patients with different ethnic backgrounds from an outpatient consultation service for immigrants at the Hannover Medical School were investigated by the Hannover Migration and Mental Health Interview ( HMMH), the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale ( CES-D) and the Frankfurt Acculturation Scale ( FRAKK). Results: The majority of the subjects (84.4%) had a clinically significant depression. The extent of depressive symptoms was determined by the selected acculturation style (1) ( F = 3.29, p = .025): Subjects with integration as acculturation style showed less depressive symptoms than subjects with assimilation as acculturation style. Furthermore, subjects with segregation as acculturation style also showed less depressive symptoms than subjects with assimilation. Conclusion: The results suggest that even when undergoing extreme emotional distress, eventually leading to mental disorder, integration, as an acculturation style, seems to serve as a protective resource and possibly prevents further decline.
Femoral Nerve Block Is Associated With Persistent Strength Deficits at 6 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients
Authors: Luo T. David , Ashraf Ali , Dahm Diane L. , Stuart Michael J. , McIntosh Amy L. 
Published: December 2014

Background: Femoral nerve block (FNB) has become a popular method of postoperative analgesia for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in pediatric and adolescent patients. Successful rehabilitation after surgery involves return of quadriceps and hamstring strength. Purpose: To compare knee strength and function 6 months after ACL reconstruction in pediatric and adolescent patients who received FNB versus patients with no nerve block. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients 18 years or younger who underwent primary ACL reconstruction between 2000 and 2010 at a single institution were identified. If the patient was skeletally immature, a transphyseal ACL reconstruction was performed. Of these patients, 68% underwent reconstruction with a patellar tendon autograft, and in 32% of patients a hamstring autograft was utilized. There were 124 patients who met the study inclusion criteria, including 62 in the FNB group (31 males, 31 females) and 62 patients in the control group (25 males, 37 females). All study patients participated in a comprehensive rehabilitation program that included isokinetic strength and functional testing at 6 months postoperatively. Results: Univariate analysis showed a significantly higher deficit at 6 months in the FNB group with respect to fast isokinetic extension strength (17.6% vs 11.2%; P = .01) as well as fast (9.9% vs 5.7%; P = .04) and slow (13.0% vs 8.5%; P = .03) isokinetic flexion strength. There was no difference in slow isokinetic extension strength deficit between the 2 groups (FNB, 22.3% vs control, 18.7%; P = .20). With respect to function, there were no differences in deficit for vertical jump (FNB, 9.4% vs control, 11.3%; P = .30), single hop (7.6% vs 7.5%; P = .96), or triple hop (8.0% vs 6.6%; P = .34) between the 2 groups. A significantly higher percentage of patients in the control group met functional and isokinetic criteria for return to sports at 6 months (90.2% vs 67.7%; odds ratio, 4.37; P = .002). Conclusion: Pediatric and adolescent patients treated with FNB for postoperative analgesia after ACL reconstruction had significant isokinetic deficits in knee extension and flexion strength at 6 months when compared with patients who did not receive a nerve block. Patients without a block were 4 times more likely to meet criteria for clearance to return to sports at 6 months.
Ultrasonographic abnormalities and inter-reader reliability in Danish patients with systemic lupus erythematosus – a comparison with clinical examination of wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints
Authors: Dreyer L , Jacobsen S , Juul L , Terslev L 
Published: December 2014

Objectives We aimed to determine 1) ultrasound (US) abnormalities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with and without hand arthralgia at the day of examination compared with clinical evaluation and healthy controls, and 2) inter-observer reliability of the US abnormalities. Methods Thirty-three female SLE patients were twice examined with US by three trained examiners. Using B-mode and Doppler US, unilateral wrist and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints were examined for synovitis and erosions as well as signs of hand tenosynovitis using a GE Logiq 9 US machine with Doppler settings for slow flow. All patients also underwent clinical joint evaluation and were compared with 11 healthy controls (HC). Results Among the patients with SLE 16 (48%) had signs of wrist synovitis, which was only observed in one HC ( p = 0.03). Corresponding figures for any MCP joint were 12 (36%) and 0 ( p = 0.06). In SLE patients, 18% had hand tenosynovitis and 6% bone erosions. Wrist synovitis was detected by US in 16 SLE patients (81%) with arthralgia compared with 17 patients without (18%) ( p = 0.0005). Any US abnormalities were observed in 44% of 25 wrists without tenderness at clinical examination and in 46% of 26 wrists without swelling. Corresponding percentages for MCP2 joints were 27% and 21%. Inter-observer reliability of the US findings was good to excellent for examination of hand joints and tendons. Conclusions A majority of SLE patients with hand arthralgia showed US signs of synovitis, erosions and tenosynovitis indicating subclinical disease. Even SLE patients without clinical signs of joint inflammation demonstrated US abnormalities. Good to excellent inter-observer reliability was found in US evaluation of hands in patients with SLE.
The rites of writing papers: steps to successful publishing for psychiatrists
Authors: Brakoulias Vlasios , Macfarlane Matthew D , Looi Jeffrey C 
Published: December 2014

Objective: To encourage psychiatrists to publish high-quality articles in peer-reviewed journals by demystifying the publishing process. Methods: This paper will describe the publishing process and outline key factors that ensure that publishing is an achievable goal for psychiatrists. Results: The publishing process can be long and often this is related to delays associated with obtaining reviewers and their comments. Negative reviewer comments often relate to grammatical and typographical errors, an insufficient literature review, failure to adequately discuss limitations and conclusions that are not adequately supported by the results. Authors who systematically respond to their paper’s reviewer comments are usually successful in having their papers accepted. Success in publishing is usually determined by a topic that appeals to the readership of a journal, a credible methodology and a paper that is well-written. Conclusions: Publishing is achievable for all psychiatrists providing they can write a paper that delivers a clear and concise message, are willing to address reviewer comments and that their paper is tailored to the readership of the journal.
Measuring Use of Research Evidence
Authors: Palinkas Lawrence A. , Garcia Antonio R. , Aarons Gregory A. , Finno-Velasquez Megan , Holloway Ian W. , Mackie Thomas I. , Leslie Laurel K. , Chamberlain Patricia 
Published: December 2014

Objectives: This article describes the Standard Interview for Evidence Use (SIEU), a measure to assess the level of engagement in acquiring, evaluating, and applying research evidence in health and social service settings. Method: Three scales measuring input, process, and output of research evidence and eight subscales were identified using principal axis factor analysis and parallel analysis of data collected from 202 state and county child welfare, mental health, and juvenile justice systems leaders. Results: The SIEU scales and subscales demonstrate strong internal consistency as well as convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusions: The SIEU is easy to use and can be administered as a complete scale or as three smaller scales to separately examine evidence in acquisition, evaluation, or application. The measure demonstrates potential in understanding the role of research evidence in service settings and in monitoring the process of evidence-based practice and application of scientific principles in social work practice.
Understanding the occupational and organizational boundaries to safe hospital discharge
Authors: Waring Justin , Marshall Fiona , Bishop Simon 
Published: December 2014

Objective Safe hospital discharge relies upon communication and coordination across multiple occupational and organizational boundaries. Our aim was to understand how these boundaries can exacerbate health system complexity and represent latent sociocultural threats to safe discharge. Methods An ethnographic study was conducted in two local health and social care systems (health economies) in England, focusing on two clinical areas: stroke and hip fracture patients. Data collection involved 345 hours of observations and 220 semi-structured interviews with health and social care professionals, patients and their lay carers. Results Hospital discharge involves a dynamic network of interactions between heterogeneous health and social care actors, each characterized by divergent ways of organizing discharge activities; cultures of collaboration and interaction and understanding of what discharge involves and how it contributes to patient recovery. These interrelated dimensions elaborate the occupational and organisational boundaries that can influence communication and coordination in hospital discharge. Conclusions Hospital discharge relies upon the coordination of multiple actors working across occupational and organizational boundaries. Attention to the sociocultural boundaries that influence communication and coordination can help inform interventions that might support enhanced discharge safety.