bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study on Associations of Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR Polymorphisms With Genetic Susceptibility to Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Majidpour Mahdi , Saravani Ramin , Sargazi Saman , Sargazi Sara , Harati‐Sadegh Mahdiyeh , Khorrami Shadi , Sarhadi Mohammad , Alidadi Ali 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe importance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in various biological processes has been increasingly recognized in recent years. This study investigated how gene polymorphism in HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) lncRNA affects the predisposition to chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsThis study comprised 150 patients with CKD and 150 healthy controls. A PCR‐RFLP and ARMS‐PCR techniques were used for genotyping the five target polymorphisms.ResultsAccording to our findings, rs4759314 confers strong protection against CKD in allelic, dominant, and codominant heterozygote genetic patterns. Furthermore, rs3816153 decreased CKD risk by 78% when TT versus GG, 55% when GG+GT versus TT, and 74% when GT versus TT+GG. In contrast, the CC+CT genotype [odds ratio (OR) = 1.66, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) = 1.05–2.63] and the T allele (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.06–2.11) of rs12826786, as well as the TT genotype (OR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.06–5.98) of rs3816153 markedly increased the risk of CKD in the Iranian population. Although no linkage disequilibrium was found between the studied variants, the Crs12826786Trs920778Grs1899663Grs4759314Grs3816153 haplotype was associated with a decreased risk of CKD by 86% (OR = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.03–0.66).ConclusionThe rs920778 was not correlated with CKD risk, whereas the HOTAIR rs4759314, rs12826786, rs1899663, and rs3816153 polymorphisms affected the risk of CKD in our population. It seems essential to conduct repeated studies across various ethnic groups to explore the link between HOTAIR variants and their impact on the disease outcome.
No energy, no autophagy—Mechanisms and therapeutic implications of autophagic response energy requirements
Authors: Mandic Milos , Paunovic Verica , Vucicevic Ljubica , Kosic Milica , Mijatovic Srdjan , Trajkovic Vladimir , Harhaji‐Trajkovic Ljubica 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAutophagy is a lysosome‐mediated self‐degradation process of central importance for cellular quality control. It also provides macromolecule building blocks and substrates for energy metabolism during nutrient or energy deficiency, which are the main stimuli for autophagy induction. However, like most biological processes, autophagy itself requires ATP, and there is an energy threshold for its initiation and execution. We here present the first comprehensive review of this often‐overlooked aspect of autophagy research. The studies in which ATP deficiency suppressed autophagy in vitro and in vivo were classified according to the energy pathway involved (oxidative phosphorylation or glycolysis). A mechanistic insight was provided by pinpointing the critical ATP‐consuming autophagic events, including transcription/translation/interaction of autophagy‐related molecules, autophagosome formation/elongation, autophagosome fusion with the lysosome, and lysosome acidification. The significance of energy‐dependent fine‐tuning of autophagic response for preserving the cell homeostasis, and potential implications for the therapy of cancer, autoimmunity, metabolic disorders, and neurodegeneration are discussed.
Antimicrobial framework nucleic acid‐based DNAzyme cluster with high catalytic efficiency
Authors: Afshan Noshin , Tariq Ruba , Riaz Iqra , Manan Abdul , Iqbal Azhar , Ejaz Muhammad , Sohail Amir , Bari Alina , Mahmood Sajid , Iqbal Shahid , Alotaibi Khalid M , Alshalwi Matar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDHydroxyl radical‐mediated materials primarily liberate more reactive and acutely lethal hydroxyl radical (•OH) and act as potent bactericidal antibiotics, for example H2O2. Hydroxyl radical possess higher tendency than that of H2O2 to attack various biological molecules such as DNA, proteins and iron–sulfur clusters, and impair their proper functioning, actively leading to strongly potent bactericidal effect. To acquire the desired antimicrobial effect, high concentration of H2O2 is required that has found medically harmful to healthy tissues of humans.RESULTSWe herein report framework nucleic acid‐regulated DNAzyme cluster (FDC) – that is, peroxidase‐like hemin‐bound G‐quadruplex (G4/H) DNAzyme – to amplify the catalytic reduction potential of G4/H complex, leading to high conversion rate of H2O2 to more reactive hydroxyl radical that potentially shows the same antibacterial efficiency at lower and safer H2O2 concentration. Specifically, we have grafted multiple copies of DNAzymes outside framework nucleic acid (FNA) to successively achieve 3–9 orders of magnitude enhancement in catalytic activity and antibacterial efficiency of FDC.CONCLUSIONOur designed FDC has successfully alleviated H2O2 toxicity and increased its efficiency as antibacterial material, as FDC amplified the catalytic reduction potential of G4/H DNAzyme, leading to high conversion rate of H2O2 to more reactive •OH that potentially shows the same antibacterial efficiency at lower and safer H2O2 concentration. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Phosphate buffer‐driven precursor polycondensation to promote fermentative humification
Authors: Li Jiabin , Zhang Yunlong , Li Xiufen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAerobic fermentation always suffers from nitrogen loss and low humification degree. The objective of this study was to investigate the promotion of phosphate buffer on organic matter degradation and precursor polymerization into humus (HS) in aerobic fermentation, and to analyze the key roles played by different precursors. In order to achieve this, sludge aerobic fermentation tests were conducted on control (CK), phosphate buffer addition treatment (KP) and potassium chloride addition treatment (K).RESULTSThe HS content of KP treatment exhibited a notable increase compared to the CK and K treatments, with a maximum increase of 38.29%. In addition, phosphate addition improved the nitrogen retention capacity and the complexity of the HS structure. Phosphate buffer enhanced both the polyphenol and Maillard humification pathways by promoting the condensation of precursors (polysaccharides, reducing sugars, polyphenols, amino acids and proteins). Among these precursors, reducing sugars, amino acids and proteins were identified as the key driving precursors of phosphate.CONCLUSIONSPhosphate, as an exogenous additive to the fermentation system, reduces nitrogen loss while promoting precursor polymerization to form HS, which benefits the improvement of soil fertility and crop growth upon organic fertilizer application. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials assessing safety and efficacy of human extracellular vesicle‐based therapy
Authors: Van Delen Mats , Derdelinckx Judith , Wouters Kristien , Nelissen Inge , Cools Nathalie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNowadays, it has become clear that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are not a cellular waste disposal vesicle but are an essential part of an intercellular communication system. Besides the use of EVs in biomarker studies and diagnostics, the potential of EV‐therapeutics has been seen by many. They provide unique properties for disease therapy, including strong immune‐modulatory actions, the possibility of engineering, low immunogenicity, and the capability of crossing biological barriers. Proof‐of‐concept of EV‐therapeutics for various pathologies has been achieved in preclinical studies. However, clinical trials with EVs have only been emerging slowly. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state‐of‐the‐art concerning clinical studies using EVs in human therapy. By approaching the current knowledge in a systematic manner, we were able to include 21 reports for meta‐analysis of safety and evaluation of efficacy outcomes. Overall, we have shown that EV‐based therapy is safe with a low incidence of serious adverse events (SAE; 0.7% (95%‐CI: 0.1–5.2%), and adverse events (AE; 4.4% (95%‐CI: 0.7–22.2%). Subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in SAE when comparing autologous versus allogeneic administration, as well as engineered versus non‐engineered EV products. A significantly higher number of AE was seen in autologous versus allogeneic administration. However, the clinical relevance remains questionable. Evaluation of the clinical outcomes of immunostimulatory, immunosuppressive or regenerative EV‐therapies indicated improvement in the majority of treated patients. Despite these promising results, data need to be approached with caution due to a high heterogeneity in the EVs manufacturing methods, study design, and reporting of (S)AE. Overall, we conclude that EV‐based therapy is safe and presents a promising opportunity in therapy. More efforts are needed in the standardization and harmonization of reporting of EV isolation and characterization data as well as in the reporting of (S)AE to allow inter‐study comparison.
Urine sodium concentration and 28‐day weight velocity in preterm infants: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Brody Natalia , Oakes Chelsea , Huang Hanwen , Stansfield Brian K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundUrine sodium concentration has been suggested as a marker to guide enteral sodium supplementation in preterm infants; however, no previous data have demonstrated relationships between urine sodium concentration and postnatal growth.MethodsWe performed a single‐center retrospective cohort study on 224 preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at the Children's Hospital of Georgia between January 2010 and July 2022. Spot urine sodium was measured in preterm infants (<34 weeks postmenstrual age [PMA]) between days of life (DOLs) 7 and 28. Our exposure of interest was spot urine sodium concentration (milliequivalents per liter) obtained between postnatal days 7 and 28, and our primary outcome was weight velocity (grams per kilograms per day) determined at DOL 28. Statistical relationships were assessed by multivariate analysis with subgroup comparisons by Student t test and analysis of variance.ResultsIn 224 preterm infants (199 ± 17 days, 56% male, 71% Black), urine sodium concentration did not associate with weight velocity at DOL 28 and 36 weeks PMA. Urine sodium concentration was weakly associated with gestational age at birth, and Black preterm infants had higher urine sodium values when compared with “other,” but not White preterm infants.ConclusionSpot urine sodium during the first month of life does not associate with weight velocity at DOL 28 or 36 weeks PMA.
Invertebrate trophic structure on marine ferromanganese and phosphorite hardgrounds
Authors: Pereira Olívia S. , Vlach Devin , Bradley Angelica , Gonzalez Jennifer , Mizell Kira , Levin Lisa A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Southern California Borderland hosts a variety of geologic and oceanographic features that allow for diverse habitats to occur in a restricted region with a strong oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) and hard substrates. These include ferromanganese (FeMn) crusts and phosphorites targeted for deep‐seabed mining in other regions. Baseline studies regarding hardground macro‐ (> 0.3 mm) and megafaunal (> 2 cm) invertebrates are lacking, although they contribute to understanding nutrient cycling and resilience of deep‐sea communities to ocean deoxygenation, fishing, or mineral extraction. With the goal of understanding how substrate type, depth, and dissolved oxygen concentration influence invertebrate trophic structure, we surveyed δ13C and δ15N values of invertebrates on hard substrates on the Southern California Borderland margin along a depth gradient (120–2400 m) through the OMZ at inshore (< 100 km from shore) and offshore (100–250 km from shore) sites, using generalized additive models and community‐level metrics. Macrofaunal isotopic values correlate with substrate type, exhibiting higher trophic diversity on FeMn crusts and specialized communities on phosphorites. Megafaunal isotopic values correlate with proximity to shore; animals offshore seem to depend more on phytoplanktonic production than animals inshore. In general, δ15N increased with decreasing dissolved oxygen and increasing depth, possibly due to remineralization processes within the OMZ and with depth. We discuss how feeding modes and community composition might influence the observed patterns. This study elucidates the importance of the environmental context in shaping invertebrate trophic structure on continental margins and provides baseline knowledge that may be useful in regions where these minerals are targeted for extraction.
On dense, locally finite subgroups of the automorphism group of certain homogeneous structures
Authors: Sági Gábor 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLet be a countable structure such that each finite partial isomorphism of it can be extended to an automorphism. Evans asked if the age (set of finite substructures) of satisfies Hrushovski's extension property, then is it true that the automorphism group of contains a dense, locally finite subgroup? In order to investigate this question, in the previous decades a coherent variant of Hrushovski's extension property has been introduced and studied. Among other results, we provide equivalent conditions for the existence of a dense, locally finite subgroup of in terms of a (new) variant of the coherent extension property. We also compare our notion with other coherent extension properties.
Research on dynamic game operation behavior of multi‐oligopoly car‐sharing operators considering off‐peak pricing factors
Authors: Zhang Shuyuan , Yang Qiaoyan , Wu Yongchun , Zhu Meihong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the practical evolution of shared vehicle systems, numerous societal factors come into play, such as inadequate parking infrastructure, battery capacity, and the budget for technological improvement. This study integrates the operational realities of shared vehicle systems with governmental carbon emission reduction policies and “double control” initiatives. Considering various perturbations, the paper constructs a Stackelberg short‐term model among diverse oligopolistic shared vehicle operators with technique sharing. It also develops a long‐term repeated game framework to scrutinize the impact of pertinent parameters on operators' decision variables and profits, along with system stability and complexity. The findings, elucidated through numerical analyses, reveal that the burgeoning sensitivity of users to energy conservation augments the overall shared vehicle market. The technique sharing mechanism boosts the benefit of the whole group of shared vehicle operators while diminishing the start‐up operators' revenue. In the long term, however, excessive price adjustments by SEV operators may lead to market chaos and profit erosion. Conversely, enhancing the adjustment coefficient of technological level levels by start‐up SEV2 operators may result solely in their own decision‐making becoming unmanageable. Finally, we found that both the methods of external force feedback control and parameter control are effective in restoring the chaotic market to stability.
Effect of prior depression diagnosis on bipolar disorder outcomes: A retrospective cohort study using a medical claims database
Authors: Sakurai Hitoshi , Nakashima Masayuki , Tsuboi Takashi , Baba Kenji , Nosaka Tadashi , Watanabe Koichiro , Kawakami Koji 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundBipolar disorder often emerges from depressive episodes and is initially diagnosed as depression. This study aimed to explore the effects of a prior depression diagnosis on outcomes in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder.MethodsThis cohort study analyzed data of patients aged 18–64 years who received a new bipolar disorder diagnosis in Japan, using medical claims data from January 2005 to October 2020 provided by JMDC, Inc. The index month was defined as the time of the bipolar diagnosis. The study assessed the incidence of psychiatric hospitalization, all‐cause hospitalization, and mortality, stratified by the presence of a preceding depression diagnosis and its duration (≥1 or <1 year). Hazard ratios (HRs) and p‐values were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for potential confounders, and supported by log‐rank tests.ResultsOf the 5595 patients analyzed, 2460 had a history of depression, with 1049 experiencing it for over a year and 1411 for less than a year. HRs for psychiatric hospitalization, all hospitalizations, and death in patients with a history of depression versus those without were 0.92 (95% CI = 0.78–1.08, p = 0.30), 0.87 (95% CI = 0.78–0.98, p = 0.017), and 0.61 (95% CI = 0.33–1.12, p = 0.11), respectively. In patients with preceding depression ≥1 year versus <1 year, HRs were 0.89 (95% CI = 0.67–1.19, p = 0.43) for psychiatric hospitalization, 0.85 (95% CI = 0.71–1.00, p = 0.052) for all hospitalizations, and 0.25 (95% CI = 0.07–0.89, p = 0.03) for death.ConclusionA prior history and duration of depression may not elevate psychiatric hospitalization risk after bipolar disorder diagnosis and might even correlate with reduced hospitalization and mortality rates.
Improved thermomechanical and rheological properties of polypropylene composites with thermomechanical pulp for injection molding
Authors: Jalaee Adel , Trottman Kai , French Victoria , Raghunath Sreenath , Brito dos Santos Fernanda , Foster E. Johan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMaterial extrusion and injection molding are prevalent in polymer processing, but wood fiber‐reinforced polymer composites offer eco‐friendly alternatives for industries like automotive, and aviation. Our study explores biocomposites using bleached chemi‐thermomechanical pulp (BCTMP) and polypropylene (PP). BCTMP is rich in cellulose and hemicellulose and quite hydrophilic, while PP's hydrophobic structure creates a disconnect to creating a composite of the two. Traditional methods add costly coupling agents like maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) in an attempt to enhance the adhesion properties of wood‐plastic composites. However, it is worth noting that even in the presence of MAPP, PP maintains its high hydrophobicity and low surface energy, despite exhibiting considerable heterogeneity. Further complexity arises from the thermal degradation characteristics of BCTMP during the melting processing of PP. Our proposed method involves premixing via cryo and planetary ball milling. This boosts PP and BCTMP adhesion, enhancing dispersion quality and mechanical properties without needing coupling agents. Moreover, the premixing of BCTMP and PP forms a thermal buffer layer around BCTMP, minimizing its thermal degradation during processing. This process also ensures even distribution of BCTMP into PP, resulting in a 200% rise in Young's modulus with 30 wt% BCTMP without compromising ultimate tensile strength.Highlights
Exploration of biocomposites using bleached chemi‐thermomechanical pulp (BCTMP) and polypropylene (PP) thorough injection molding
Implementation of premixing to enhance PP/BCTMP adhesion without coupling agents
Premixing reduces thermal degradation of BCTMP, enhances dispersion, and improves mechanical properties
Achieving a 200% increase in Young's modulus with 30% BCTMP incorporation, while maintaining ultimate tensile strength
Low‐carbon pyrolysis of vacuum gas oil by non‐thermal plasma
Authors: Titov Evgeniy Yurevich , Bodrikov Ivan Vasilevich , Vasiliev Alexander Leonidovich , Ivanova Anna Gennadievna , Golovin Andrey Leonidovich , Shirokov Dmitry Alekseevich , Kurskii Yuriy Alekseevich , Titov Dmitry Yurievich , Bodrikova Evgenia Ruslanovna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe constant growth in the share of renewable electricity and the need to reduce CO2 emissions create prospects for the development of non‐thermal plasma (NTP) pyrolysis of heavy oil. NTP pyrolysis requires only electricity and does not require heating of raw materials to high temperatures, which significantly reduces the carbon footprint during processing. This paper investigates the characteristics of NTP pyrolysis of vacuum gas oil under the action of electric microsecond discharges in the liquid phase, depending on the voltage of the current source 300–700 V to optimize energy consumption, conversion of raw materials, and increase the yield of commercial demand products.
Associations of PM2.5 exposure with emergency department visits and readmissions among preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Nelin Timothy D. , Radack Joshua K. , Yang Nancy , Lorch Scott A. , DeMauro Sara B. , Bamat Nicolas A. , Jensen Erik A. , Gibbs Kathleen , Murosko Daria C. , Scott Kristan A. , Goldstein Nicolas P. Novick , Just Allan C. , Burris Heather H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo quantify the association of ambient air pollution (particulate matter, PM2.5) exposure with medically attended acute respiratory illness among infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).Study DesignSingle center, retrospective cohort study of preterm infants with BPD in Metropolitan Philadelphia. Multivariable logistic regression quantified associations of annual mean PM2.5 exposure (per μg/m3) at the census block group level with medically attended acute respiratory illness, defined as emergency department (ED) visits or hospital readmissions within a year after first hospital discharge adjusting for age at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge, year, sex, race, insurance, BPD severity, and census tract deprivation. As a secondary analysis, we examined whether BPD severity modified the associations.ResultsOf the 378 infants included in the analysis, 189 were non‐Hispanic Black and 235 were publicly insured. Census block PM2.5 level was not significantly associated with medically attended acute respiratory illnesses, ED visits, or hospital readmissions in the full study cohort. We observed significant effect modification by BPD grade; each 1 µg/m3 higher annual PM2.5 exposure was medically attended acute respiratory illness (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.65, 95% CI: 1.06–2.63) among infants with Grade 1 BPD but not among infants with grade 3 BPD (aOR 0.83, 95% CI: 0.47–1.48) (interaction p = .024).ConclusionsCumulative PM2.5 exposure in the year after NICU discharge was not significantly associated with medically attended acute respiratory illness among infants with BPD. However, infants with Grade 1 BPD had significantly higher odds with higher exposures. If replicated, these findings could inform anticipatory guidance for families of these infants to avoid outdoor activities during high pollution days after NICU discharge.
Findings from a National Survey of Canadian perspectives on predicting river channel migration and river bank erosion
Authors: Kupferschmidt C. , Binns A. D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRiver bank erosion and river channel migration are geomorphic processes that can result in significant hazards when there are impacts to humans or infrastructure. Unlike flooding, there are limited national guidelines in Canada that provide recommendations on how to best assess riverine erosion hazards. Instead regional and local jurisdictions rely on techniques based on varying levels of policy maturity. The current study presents findings of a nationwide survey on Canadian perspectives on predicting river channel migration and river bank erosion which received more than 40 responses from across Canada. Results showed that predictions were used for a variety of purposes, but that confidence intervals were rarely reported. Aerial imagery and survey‐based methods were the well‐known and widely‐used techniques for predicting river channel migration and river bank erosion. A majority of respondents identified both technical and financial challenges to improving accuracy including client willingness to pay, data quality/cost issues, and hydrologic changes due to land use and climate change. Several recommendations for improving best‐practices are provided, with a focus on the development of erosion datasets, improving data access, and providing additional training opportunities.