bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified atmosphere packaging bags of peanuts with effect of inhibition of aflatoxin growth
Authors: Wang Hong , Jin Xiangyu , Wu Haibo 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTIn this article, packaging bags composited with selective barrier film and moisture absorbent nonwoven fabrics were prepared to design a kind of functional bags, which can inhibit the growth of aflatoxin of peanuts. The influences of the super‐absorbent fiber (SAF) and jute fiber on the internal relative humidity (RH) were investigated. It is found that jute nonwoven/selective barrier film composite bag can prevent the growth of aflatoxin B1 of peanuts under the environment studied in this article because peanuts with higher moisture content can reduce O2 content inside the bag by the aerobic respiration, achieving the modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) effect. In addition, a low RH micro‐environment can be achieved by using SAF as moisture absorbent. It is promising to design a packaging bag with the effect of inhibition of the growth of aflatoxin of peanuts, by selecting proper moisture absorbent and selective barrier film of the composite bag. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40190.
Viscosity and refractive index tailored methacrylate‐based polymers
Authors: Hanemann Thomas , Honnef Kirsten 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTWith respect to the realization of new polymer optical devices with enhanced functionality there is a need for the development of new highly transparent polymer based systems with adjustable viscosity prior to curing and tailored refractive index as well as high continuous operation temperature after solidification. The use of phenanthrene as dopant enabled the increase of the refractive index in polymethylmethacrylate from 1.49 up to 1.55(at 589 nm). A copolymerization of a dimethacrylate with the initial methylmethacrylate/polymethylmethacrylate reactive resin suppressed the dopant‐related plasticizing effect. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40194.
Preparation of Li4Ti5O12 Yolk–Shell Powders by Spray Pyrolysis and their Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Yang Kwang Min , Ko You Na , Yun Jung‐Yeul , Kang Yun Chan 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe have reported for the first time the preparation of yolk–shell‐structured Li4Ti5O12 powders for use as anode materials in lithium‐ion batteries. One Li4Ti5O12 yolk–shell‐particle powder is directly formed from each droplet containing lithium, titanium, and carbon components inside the hot wall reactor maintained at 900 °C. The precursor Li4Ti5O12 yolk–shell‐particle powders, which are directly prepared by spray pyrolysis, have initial discharge and charge capacities of 155 and 122 mA h g−1, respectively, at a current density of 175 mA g−1. Post‐treatment of the yolk–shell‐particle powders at temperatures of 700 and 800 °C improves the initial discharge and charge capacities. The initial discharge capacities of the Li4Ti5O12 powders with a yolk–shell structure and a dense structure post‐treated at 800 °C are 189 and 168 mA h g−1, respectively. After 100 cycles, the corresponding capacities are 172 and 152 mA h g−1, respectively (retentions of 91 and 90 %).
Systematic review and meta-analysis of percutaneous subclavian vein puncture versus surgical venous cutdown for the insertion of a totally implantable venous access device
Authors: Orci L A , Meier R P H , Morel P , Staszewicz W , Toso C 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) are commonly used in patients with cancer. Although several methods of implantation have been described, there is not enough evidence to support the use of a specific technique on a daily basis. The objective of this study was systematically to assess the literature comparing percutaneous subclavian vein puncture with surgical venous cutdown.

Methods
MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched by two independent authors. No time limits were applied. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out according to the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration, including randomized clinical trials comparing primary percutaneous subclavian vein puncture with surgical venous cutdown.

Results
Six trials were included, with 772 patients overall. The primary implantation failure rate was significantly lower for the percutaneous approach compared with surgical cutdown (odds ratio (OR) 0·26, 95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 0·07 to 0·94; P = 0·039). There was no evidence supporting a significant difference in terms of risk of pneumothorax, haematoma, venous thrombosis, infectious events or catheter migration. After taking between-study heterogeneity into account by using a random-effects model, procedure duration was not significantly longer for surgical cutdown: weighted mean difference +4 (95 per cent c.i. –12 to 20) min (P = 0·625).

Conclusion
Percutaneous subclavian vein puncture is associated with a higher TIVAD implantation success rate and a procedure duration similar to that of surgical cutdown. Pneumothorax develops exclusively after percutaneous puncture and requires special attention from clinicians dealing with TIVAD insertion.
The Electrodeposition of Silver from Supercritical Carbon Dioxide/Acetonitrile
Authors: Bartlett Philip N. , Perdjon‐Abel Magdalena , Cook David , Reid Gillian , Levason William , Cheng Fei , Zhang Wenjian , George Michael W. , Ke Jie , Beanland Richard , Sloan Jeremy 
Published: November 2013

AbstractCyclic voltammetry of silver coordination complexes in acetonitrile and in a single‐phase supercritical carbon dioxide/acetonitrile (scCO2/CH3CN) system is reported. Five silver precursors are investigated: (1,5‐cyclooctadiene)(hexafluoroacetylacetonato) silver(I) [Ag(hfac)(COD)], (hexafluoroacetylacetonato)(triphenylphosphine) silver(I) [Ag(hfac)(PPh3)], (perfluorooctanoato)bis(triphenylphosphine) silver(I) [Ag(CF3(CF2)6CO2)(PPh3)2], tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) silver(I) tetrafluoroborate [Ag(PPh3)4][BF4] and tetrakis(acetonitrile) silver(I) tetrafluoroborate [Ag(CH3CN)4][BF4]. Of these, [Ag(CH3CN)4][BF4] is found to be the most suitable for electrodeposition of silver from scCO2/CH3CN.
Hierarchically Ordered Tubular Titanium Dioxide Electrodes: Preparation, Electrochemical Characterization, and Application as a Bifunctional Catalyst
Authors: Deva Kumar E. T. , Ganesh V. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this work, hierarchically ordered tubular TiO2 electrodes are prepared by a simple electrochemical anodization process. Their potential application as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in neutral medium is demonstrated. The dimensions of porous tubular structures can be tuned by altering the composition of electrolyte, time of anodization, and applied voltage. Surface morphological analysis and structural characterizations are carried out by means of SEM, TEM, AFM, and XRD studies. The precise band‐gap value of these electrodes is determined from diffuse reflectance UV/Vis spectroscopic studies by using the Kubelka–Munk function. These studies also reveal that the wavelength of absorption of light by nanotubular TiO2 electrodes can be extended without the addition of any dopants or sensitizers by simply tuning the parameters of the anodization process. SEM, TEM, and AFM analyses show the formation of homogeneous, porous nanotubular structures with uniform dimensions for anodized titanium plates. XRD studies confirm the formation of the anatase phase of TiO2 when the anodized samples are post‐heated at a temperature of about 450 °C and above.
Microgalvanic Corrosion of the Magnesium‐Aluminum System – Detailed Electrochemical Insights by FEM Simulations
Authors: Höche Daniel , Isakovic Jonas 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDie Untersuchungen zeigen, wie galvanische Korrosion am Modellsystem Mg‐Al auf mikroskopischer Ebene abläuft. Die benötigten Randbedingungen werden zum einen durch die Oberflächenmorphologie der binären Magnesiumslegierung (Mg‐9Al) und zum anderen durch die elektrochemische Kinetik der jeweiligen metallischen Phase bestimmt. Zur Modellierung werden Querschliffe in eine Modellgeometrie überführt. Die Simulationen zeigen, wie sich u. a. die Leitfähigkeit des Elektrolyten auf den Korrosionsprozess auswirken. Die sich bietenden Möglichkeiten können zukünftig helfen, Legierungen am PC maßzuschneidern und liefern Impulse für simulationsbasierte Korrosionsschutzkonzepte.
A statistical test for mixture detection with application to component identification in multidimensional biomolecular NMR studies
Authors: Serban Nicoleta , Li Pengfei 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe introduce a statistical hypothesis test for detecting mixtures in a nonlinear regression model with mean regression function defined by a weighted sum of two multidimensional unimodal functions, where each unimodal function in the summation representing acomponent. Two regression components are mixed when the distance between their centres is small or the proportion of their contribution to the mean regression function is close to zero or one. Two challenges in model estimation under the null hypothesis of one regression component are that the proportion parameter describing the weighed contribution of each component lies on the boundary of the parameter space and that the model parameters are nonidentifiable. Therefore, the parameter estimators derived from standard nonlinear estimation approaches are inconsistent and unstable. To overcome these challenges, we study a penalized regression test statistic with a relatively simple quadratic approximation which can be used to simulate the quantiles of the test statistic under the null hypothesis. One leading application of the mixture testing procedure is the detection of mixed or overlapped components in multidimensional data generated from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments for protein structure determination. It is important to de‐mix the components since each regression component provides specific information about the structure of the protein. In certain cases, the lack of a small number of essential components can lead to a significant deviation in the predicted structure.The Canadian Journal of Statistics42: 36–60; 2014 © 2013 Statistical Society of Canada
Transmission behavior improvement of electro‐optic modulators for integrated photonic systems in the present communication technology
Authors: Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Saad Abd El‐Fattah A. 
Published: November 2013

SummaryThis paper has presented the transmission performance evaluation of different electro‐optic modulators (EOM) for ultra high switching speed operations and applications. As well as the optimization design parameters for different EOMs have been investigated, where the effective refractive index plays an essential role in the evaluation of the bandwidth structure. The effects of the operating parameters on the switching, modulating voltage, device performance index, and optical bandwidth are also investigated for different material‐based EOMs, where the transmission bit rate is evaluated by using non‐return‐to‐zero coding transmission technique. As well as lithium niobate, gallium arsenide, and poly methyl metha acrylate polymer EOMs have been developed for extensive use in high speed and high transmission performance optical fiber transmission systems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Underestimating the frequency, strength and cost of antipredator responses with data fromGPScollars: an example with wolves and elk
Authors: Creel Scott , Winnie John A. , Christianson David 
Published: November 2013

AbstractField studies that rely on fixes fromGPS‐collared predators to identify encounters with prey will often underestimate the frequency and strength of antipredator responses. These underestimation biases have several mechanistic causes. (1)Step bias: The distance between successiveGPSfixes can be large, and encounters that occur during these intervals go undetected. This bias will generally be strongest for cursorial hunters that can rapidly cover large distances (e.g., wolves and African wild dogs) and when the interval betweenGPSfixes is long relative to the duration of a hunt. Step bias is amplified as the path travelled between successiveGPSfixes deviates from a straight line. (2)Scatter bias: Only a small fraction of the predators in a population typically carryGPScollars, and prey encounters with uncollared predators go undetected unless a collared group‐mate is present. This bias will generally be stronger for fission–fusion hunters (e.g., spotted hyenas, wolves, and lions) than for highly cohesive hunters (e.g., African wild dogs), particularly when their group sizes are large. Step bias and scatter bias both cause underestimation of the frequency of antipredator responses. (3)Strength bias: Observations of prey in the absence ofGPSfix from a collared predator will generally include a mixture of cases in which predators were truly absent and cases in which predators were present but not detected, which causes underestimation of the strength of antipredator responses. We quantified these biases with data from wolves and African wild dogs and found that fixes fromGPScollars at 3‐h intervals underestimated the frequency and strength of antipredator responses by a factor >10. We reexamined the results of a recent study of the nonconsumptive effects of wolves on elk in light of these results and confirmed that predation risk has strong effects on elk dynamics by reducing the pregnancy rate.
Crystal Structure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of an Ultralow‐Temperature‐Fired (AgBi)0.5WO4 Ceramic
Authors: Zhou Di , Pang Li‐Xia , Xie Hui‐Dong , Guo Jing , He Bin , Qi Ze‐Ming , Shao Tao , Yao Xi , Randall Clive A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA new microwave dielectric (AgBi)0.5WO4 ceramic with an ultralow firing temperature was prepared by the solid‐state reaction method. (AgBi)0.5WO4 can be obtained as a dense single‐phase bulk material with a calcination temperature of 500 °C and sintering temperatures of ca. 580 °C. The material has a microwave relative permittivity of ca. 35.9, a Qf value of ca. 13000 GHz, and a negative temperature coefficient of –69 ppm/°C at 7.5 GHz. The crystal structure of (AgBi)0.5WO4 was determined by a combination of X‐ray and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) diffraction analysis. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic C12/m1 (no. 12) space group with the lattice parameters a = 10.1330(8) Å, b = 11.0013(0) Å, c = 7.2756(4) Å, and β = 127.712(3)°. From an X‐ray diffraction analysis, the (Ag0.5Bi0.5)WO4 ceramic reacts with silver after heat treatment at 560 °C to form new compounds, namely, Bi2WO6 and Ag2WO4. However, the (AgBi)0.5WO4 ceramic is chemically compatible with aluminum powder at 600 °C as an alternative cofired electrode material. All the results suggest that (AgBi)0.5WO4 ceramic is a promising new candidate material for ultralow‐temperature cofired ceramic (ULTCC) technology.
Diastereomerically Pure Heterodi‐ and Heterotetrametallic (Pd and Pt) Compounds: A Study of the Effect Induced by the Binding Mode of a Ferrocene‐Containing Ligand on Their Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Talancón Daniel , López Concepción , Font‐Bardía Mercè , Calvet Teresa , Roubeau Olivier 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe reaction of (1S,2R)‐[(η5‐C5H5)Fe{(η5‐C5H4)‐CH=N‐CH(Me)‐CH(OH)(C6H5)}] (1) with Na2[PdCl4] in the presence of Na(OAc)·3H2O produced three diastereomerically pure tetrametallic cyclopalladated complexes (6bI–6bIII). In two of them (6bI and 6bII), the imine 1 adopts the [C(sp2,ferrocene),N]– mode of binding, but they differ in the planar chirality of the 1,2‐ferrocenyl unit (Sp in 6bI and Rp in 6bII), whereas ligand 1 in 6bIII acts as a [C(sp2,phenyl),N]– group. Treatment of 6bI–6bIII with PPh3 gave [Pd{κ2‐C,N{(η5‐C5H3)‐CH=N‐CH(Me)‐CH(OH)(C6H5)}Fe(η5‐C5H5)}Cl(PPh3)] (7bI, 7bII) and [Pd{κ2‐C,N{(C6H4)‐CH(OH)‐CH(Me)‐N=CH‐(η5‐C5H4)}Fe(η5‐C5H5)}Cl(PPh3)] (7bIII). The PtII compounds [Pt{κ2‐C,N{(η5‐C5H3)‐CH=NCH(Me)CH(OH)(C6H5)}Fe(η5‐C5H5)}Cl(PPh3)] [(Sp,1S,2R) and (Rp,1S,2R) diastereomers, 7aI and 7aII, respectively)] have also been prepared. The results of electrochemical studies of 6bI–6bIII, 7bI–7bIII, 7aI, 7aII and related PtII complexes with 1 acting as an (N) or (N,O)– ligand are also reported. Comparison of the results provides conclusive evidence for the relative influence of the mode of binding of the ligand, the nature of the MII atom, the type of metallated atom C(sp2,phenyl or ferrocenyl), the ancillary ligands and their relative disposition on the electrochemical properties of this type of compound.
Chemoenzymatic Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Nonanolide (Z)‐Cytospolides D, E and Their Stereoisomers
Authors: Rej Rohan Kalyan , Nanda Samik 
Published: November 2013

AbstractChemoenzymatic asymmetric total synthesis of the (Z)‐isomer of the naturally occurring decanolide cytospolides D, E and six stereoisomers is reported. The main highlight of the synthetic venture involves ring‐closing metathesis (RCM) reaction of a suitably functionalized ester compound, which was assembled by the Yamaguchi coupling of the required acid and alcohol fragments. The alcohol fragment was accessed by two alternative chemoenzymatic processes, one being hydroxynitrile lyase mediated hydrocyanation, whereas lipase‐catalyzed transesterification was the key sep in the second route. The acid fragment was constructed by an enantioselective enzymatic desymmetrization (EED) of prochiral 2‐methyl‐1,3‐propanediol and Corey–Bakshi–Shibata (CBS) mediated stereoselective carbonyl reduction.
Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes or Ketones with 1‐Acetoxy‐1,2‐benziodoxole‐3(1H)‐one Derivatives
Authors: Iinuma Masataka , Moriyama Katsuhiko , Togo Hideo 
Published: November 2013

AbstractVarious benzylic and aliphatic alcohols were smoothly oxidized to the corresponding aromatic aldehydes and ketones as well as aliphatic ketones by treatment with 1‐acetoxy‐5‐nitro‐1,2‐benziodoxole‐3(1H)‐one (ANBX), 1‐acetoxy‐5‐bromo‐1,2‐benziodoxole‐3(1H)‐one (ABBX), 1‐acetoxy‐5‐chloro‐1,2‐benziodoxole‐3(1H)‐one (ACBX), and 1‐acetoxy‐5‐fluoro‐1,2‐benziodoxole‐3(1H)‐one (AFBX). These new trivalent iodine compounds were prepared from 5‐substituted 2‐iodobenzoic acids and meta‐chloroperoxybenzoic acid (m‐CPBA). ANBX and ABBX were the most effective reagents for this oxidation of alcohols, and this present reaction is very attractive because of the ease of product isolation and the reusability of the reagents.
Establishment of Mice With Inheritable Susceptibility to Productive Hepatitis C Virus infection
Authors: Uprichard Susan L. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

More than 130 million people worldwide chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) are at risk of developing severe liver disease. Antiviral treatments are only partially effective against HCV infection, and a vaccine is not available. Development of more efficient therapies has been hampered by the lack of a small animal model. Building on the observation that CD81 and occludin (OCLN) comprise the minimal set of human factors required to render mouse cells permissive to HCV entry, we previously showed that transient expression of these two human genes is sufficient to allow viral uptake into fully immunocompetent inbred mice. Here we demonstrate that transgenic mice stably expressing human CD81 and OCLN also support HCV entry, but innate and adaptive immune responses restrict HCV infection in vivo. Blunting antiviral immunity in genetically humanized mice infected with HCV results in measurable viraemia over several weeks. In mice lacking the essential cellular cofactor cyclophilin A (CypA), HCV RNA replication is markedly diminished, providing genetic evidence that this process is faithfully recapitulated. Using a cell-based fluorescent reporter activated by the NS3-4A protease we visualize HCV infection in single hepatocytes in vivo. Persistently infected mice produce de novo infectious particles, which can be inhibited with directly acting antiviral drug treatment, thereby providing evidence for the completion of the entire HCV life cycle in inbred mice. This genetically humanized mouse model opens new opportunities to dissect genetically HCV infection in vivo and provides an important preclinical platform for testing and prioritizing drug candidates and may also have utility for evaluating vaccine efficacy.
Deficits in cognitive function and hippocampal plasticity in GM2/GD2 synthase knockout mice
Authors: Sha Sha , Zhou Libin , Yin Jun , Takamiya Koga , Furukawa Keiko , Furukawa Koichi , Sokabe Masahiro , Chen Ling 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, we used GM2/GD2 synthase knockout (GM2/GD2−/−) mice to examine the influence of deficiency in ganglioside “a‐pathway” and “b‐pathway” on cognitive performances and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Eight‐week‐old GM2/GD2−/− male mice showed a longer escape‐latency in Morris water maze test and a shorter latency in step‐down inhibitory avoidance task than wild‐type (WT) mice. Schaffer collateral‐CA1 synapses in the hippocampal slices from GM2/GD2−/− mice showed an increase in the slope of EPSPs with reduced paired‐pulse facilitation, indicating an enhancement of their presynaptic glutamate release. In GM2/GD2−/− mice, NMDA receptor (NMDAr)‐dependent LTP could not be induced by high‐frequency (100–200 Hz) tetanus or θ‐burst conditioning stimulation (CS), whereas NMDAr‐independent LTP was induced by medium‐frequency CS (20–50 Hz). The application of mono‐sialoganglioside GM1 in the slice from GM2/GD2−/− mice, to specifically recover the a‐pathway, prevented the increased presynaptic glutamate release and 20 Hz‐LTP induction, whereas it could not rescue the impaired NMDAr‐dependent LTP. These findings suggest that b‐pathway deficiency impairs cognitive function probably through suppression of NMDAr‐dependent LTP, while a‐pathway deficiency may facilitate NMDAr‐independent LTP through enhancing presynaptic glutamate release. As both of the NMDAr‐independent LTP and increased presynaptic glutamate release were sensitive to the blockade of L‐type voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels (L‐VGCC), a‐pathway deficiency may affect presynaptic L‐VGCC. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide‐gated 1 independent grid cell‐phase precession in mice
Authors: Eggink Hannah , Mertens Paul , Storm Eline , Giocomo Lisa M. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTCell assemblies code information in both the temporal and spatial domain. One tractable example of temporal coding is the phenomenon of phase precession. In medial entorhinal cortex, theta‐phase precession is observed in spatially specific grid cells, with grid spike‐times shifting to earlier phases of the extracellular theta rhythm as the animal passes through the grid field. Although the exact mechanisms underlying spatial–temporal coding remain unknown, computational work points to single‐cell oscillatory activity as a biophysical mechanism capable of producing phase precession. Support for this idea comes from observed correlations between single‐cell resonance and entorhinal neurons characterized by phase precession. Here, we take advantage of the absence of single‐cell theta‐frequency resonance in hyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide‐gated (HCN) 1 knockout (KO) mice to examine the relationship between intrinsic rhythmicity and phase precession. We find phase precession is highly comparable between forebrain‐restricted HCN1 KO and wild‐type mice. Grid fields in HCN1 KO mice display more experience‐dependent asymmetry however, consistent with reports of enhanced long‐term potentiation in the absence of HCN1 and raising the possibility that the loss of HCN1 improves temporal coding via the rate‐phase transformation. Combined, our results clarify the role of HCN1 channels in temporal coding and constrain the number of possible mechanisms generating phase precession. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.