bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-Term Molding Effects on the Upper Alveolar Arch following Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair with/without Nasal Vestibular Expansion
Authors: Fuchigami Takao , Nakamura Norifumi , Nishihara Kazuhide , Matsunaga Kazuhide , Hasegawa Hiroko 
Published: September 2013

Objective To elucidate the various effects on maxillary growth following different procedures for vestibular expansion at the time of primary lip repair for unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Participants Thirty patients with complete UCLP who underwent primary lip repair using a triangular-flap technique with nasal vestibular expansion (NVE; the NVE group) and 30 patients who underwent the same lip repair with closure of the nasal floor (non-NVE group) were enrolled in this study. Interventions Serial dental casts on lip and palatal repair were scanned with a laser scanner. The three-dimensional coordinates of seven anatomical landmarks and their growth changes, the curvature radius rate between major/minor segments, and the collapse rates were compared between the two groups. Results At the time of lip repair, the incisal point was located slightly anteriorly in the non-NVE group. At the time of palatal repair, the cleft edge of the alveolar process in the minor segment was located significantly anteriorly and laterally in the NVE group, showing the significantly forward change of the minor segment. The minor segment collapsed in the non-NVE group. The collapse rate of the NVE group (3.3%) was significantly lower than that of the non-NVE group (40.0%). Conclusions NVE following simultaneous advancement of nasolabial components on the affected side at the time of primary lip repair for UCLP facilitates the forward molding of the maxilla, resulting in a more symmetrical alveolar arch form.
Left Atrial Diameter and Survival among Renal Allograft Recipients
Authors: Kainz Alexander , Goliasch Georg , Wiesbauer Franz , Binder Thomas , Maurer Gerald , Nesser Hans-Joachim , Mascherbauer Regina , Ebner Christian , Kramar Reinhard , Wilflingseder Julia , Oberbauer Rainer 
Published: September 2013

Summary

Background and objectives
Sequential echocardiography is routinely performed in patients with ESRD listed for transplantation. The benefit of this labor- and time-intensive measure, however, remains unclear. Thus, this study elucidated the various obtained routine echocardiography parameters that best predicted mortality and graft survival after renal transplantation.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
This study investigated 553 first renal transplant recipients listed in the Austrian Dialysis and Transplant Registry between 1992 and 2011 who had echocardiographic analysis at transplantation and survived at least 1 year. Cox proportional hazards models with the purposeful selection algorithms for covariables were used to identify predictors of mortality and graft loss. A Fine and Gray model was used to evaluate cause-specific death.

Results
During a median follow-up of 7.14 years, 81 patients died, and 59 patients experienced graft loss after the first year. The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that 85% of patients with a left atrial diameter below the median of 53 mm were alive 10 years after transplantation, whereas only 70% of those patients with a left atrial diameter equal to or above the median had survived (P<0.001). In the multivariable model, left atrial diameter (per millimeter) independently predicted overall mortality (hazard ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 1.08; P<0.001) and cause-specific cardiac death (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.00 to 1.08; P=0.04). Functional graft loss was predicted by the right atrial diameter (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.07; P=0.001).

Conclusion
The left atrial diameter determined at transplantation predicted overall and cardiac mortality. Patients with widely enlarged left atria exhibit a considerably reduced life expectancy. It remains to be determined, however, whether renal transplantation is futile in these patients.
Influence of Body Mass Index on the Association of Weight Changes with Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Cabezas-Rodriguez Iván , Carrero Juan Jesús , Zoccali Carmine , Qureshi Abdul Rashid , Ketteler Markus , Floege Jürgen , London Gérard , Locatelli Francesco , Gorriz José Luis , Rutkowski Boleslaw , Memmos Dimitrios , Ferreira Anibal , Covic Adrian , Teplan Vladimir , Bos Willem-Jan , Kramar Reinhard , Pavlovic Drasko , Goldsmith David , Nagy Judit , Benedik Miha , Verbeelen Dierik , Tielemans Christian , Wüthrich Rudolf P. , Martin Pierre-Yves , Martínez-Salgado Carlos , Fernández-Martín José Luis , Cannata-Andia Jorge B. 
Published: September 2013

Summary

Background and Objectives
A high body mass index (BMI) is associated with lower mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Short-term weight gains and losses are also related to lower and higher mortality risk, respectively. The implications of weight gain or loss may, however, differ between obese individuals and their nonobese counterparts.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements
The Current Management of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: A Multicenter Observational Study (COSMOS) is an observational study including 6797 European hemodialysis patients recruited between February 2005 and July 2007, with prospective data collection every 6 months for 3 years. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazard regressions assessed the effect of BMI and weight changes on mortality. Analyses were performed after patient stratification according to their starting BMI.

Results
Among 6296 patients with complete data, 1643 died. At study entry, 42% of patients had a normal weight (BMI, 20–25 kg/m2), 11% were underweight, 31% were overweight, and 16% were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Weight loss or gain (<1% or >1% of body weight) was strongly associated with higher rates of mortality or survival, respectively. After stratification by BMI categories, this was true in nonobese categories and especially in underweight patients. In obese patients, however, the association between weight loss and mortality was attenuated (hazard ratio, 1.28 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.74 to 2.14]), and no survival benefit of gaining weight was seen (hazard ratio, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.59 to 1.62]).

Conclusions
Assuming that these weight changes were unintentional, our study brings attention to rapid weight variations as a clinical sign of health monitoring in hemodialysis patients. In addition, a patient’s BMI modifies the strength of the association between weight changes with mortality.
Increased Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Diabetes Is Associated With Metformin
Authors: Moore Eileen M. , Mander Alastair G. , Ames David , Kotowicz Mark A. , Carne Ross P. , Brodaty Henry , Woodward Michael , Boundy Karyn , Ellis Kathryn A. , Bush Ashley I. , Faux Noel G. , Martins Ralph , Szoeke Cassandra , Rowe Christopher , Watters David A. ,   the AIBL Investigators
Published: September 2013

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the associations of metformin, serum vitamin B12, calcium supplements, and cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Participants were recruited from the Primary Research in Memory (PRIME) clinics study, the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study of aging, and the Barwon region of southeastern Australia. Patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) (n = 480) or mild cognitive impairment (n = 187) and those who were cognitively intact (n = 687) were included; patients with stroke or with neurodegenerative diseases other than AD were excluded. Subgroup analyses were performed for participants who had either type 2 diabetes (n = 104) or impaired glucose tolerance (n = 22).

RESULTS
Participants with diabetes (n = 126) had worse cognitive performance than participants who did not have diabetes (n = 1,228; adjusted odds ratio 1.51 [95% CI 1.03–2.21]). Among participants with diabetes, worse cognitive performance was associated with metformin use (2.23 [1.05–4.75]). After adjusting for age, sex, level of education, history of depression, serum vitamin B12, and metformin use, participants with diabetes who were taking calcium supplements had better cognitive performance (0.41 [0.19–0.92]).

CONCLUSIONS
Metformin use was associated with impaired cognitive performance. Vitamin B12 and calcium supplements may alleviate metformin-induced vitamin B12 deficiency and were associated with better cognitive outcomes. Prospective trials are warranted to assess the beneficial effects of vitamin B12 and calcium use on cognition in older people with diabetes who are taking metformin.
Correlations Between Serum Bilirubin Levels and Diabetic Nephropathy Progression Among Japanese Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study (Diabetes Distress and Care Registry at Tenri [DDCRT 5])
Authors: Mashitani Tsuyoshi , Hayashino Yasuaki , Okamura Shintarou , Tsujii Satoru , Ishii Hitoshi 
Published: September 2013

OBJECTIVETo assess the correlations between serum bilirubin levels and diabetic nephropathy development and progression in type 2 diabetic patients.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSLongitudinal data were obtained from 2,511 type 2 diabetic patients registered in a Japanese diabetes registry. To assess the independent correlations between serum bilirubin levels and either the development or progression of diabetic nephropathy, we used logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders.RESULTSThe median follow-up period was 503.4 days (range 238–777). The mean patient age, BMI, and HbA1c level was 65.2 years, 24.7 kg/m2, and 7.5% (58.5 mmol/mol), respectively. Baseline serum bilirubin levels were significantly associated with the urinary albumin-creatinine ratio at baseline (P &lt; 0.001) and 1 year after registration (P &lt; 0.001). Multivariable adjusted odds ratios for progression from microalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria for the second, third, and fourth quartile of serum bilirubin levels were 0.89 (95% CI 0.49–1.58), 0.93 (0.47–1.83), and 0.33 (0.13–0.84), respectively, showing a statistically significant linear trend across categories (P = 0.032). However, this trend disappeared after adjustment for hemoglobin levels.CONCLUSIONSSerum bilirubin levels were associated with diabetic nephropathy progression in type 2 diabetic patients independent of possible confounders. Serum bilirubin levels might be the link in the correlation between hemoglobin levels and nephropathy progression.
Diabetic Nephropathy and Microalbuminuria in Pregnant Women With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Damm Julie Agner , Ásbjörnsdóttir Björg , Callesen Nicoline Foged , Mathiesen Jonathan M. , Ringholm Lene , Pedersen Berit Woetmann , Mathiesen Elisabeth R. 
Published: September 2013

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and microalbuminuria in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes in comparison with type 1 diabetes and to describe pregnancy outcomes in these women following the same antihypertensive protocol.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Among 220 women with type 2 diabetes and 445 women with type 1 diabetes giving birth from 2007–2012, 41 women had diabetic nephropathy (albumin-creatinine ratio ≥300 mg/g) or microalbuminuria (albumin-creatinine ratio 30–299 mg/g) in early pregnancy. Antihypertensive therapy was initiated if blood pressure ≥135/85 mmHg or albumin-creatinine ratio ≥300 mg/g.

RESULTS
The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy was 2.3% (5 of 220) in women with type 2 diabetes and 2.5% (11 of 445) in women with type 1 diabetes (P = 1.00). The figures for microalbuminuria were 4.5 (10 of 220) vs. 3.4% (15 of 445) (P = 0.39). Baseline glycemic control was comparable between women with type 2 diabetes (n = 15) and type 1 diabetes (n = 26). Blood pressure at baseline was median 128 (range 100–164)/81 (68–91) vs. 132 (100–176)/80 (63–100) mmHg (not significant) and antihypertensive therapy in type 2 versus type 1 diabetes was used in 0 and 62%, respectively, at baseline, increasing to 33 and 96%, respectively, in late pregnancy. Pregnancy outcome was comparable regardless type of diabetes; gestational age at delivery: 259 days (221–276) vs. 257 (184–271) (P = 0.19); birth weight 3,304 g (1,278–3,914) vs. 2,850 (370–4,180) (P = 0.67).

CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and microalbuminuria in early pregnancy was similar in type 2 and type 1 diabetes. Antihypertensive therapy was used more frequently in type 1 diabetes. Pregnancy outcome was comparable regardless type of diabetes.
Barriers to Eye Care Among People Aged 40 Years and Older With Diagnosed Diabetes, 2006–2010
Authors: Chou Chiu-Fang , Sherrod Cheryl E. , Zhang Xinzhi , Barker Lawrence E. , Bullard Kai McKeever , Crews John E. , Saaddine Jinan B. 
Published: September 2013

OBJECTIVE
We examine barriers to receiving recommended eye care among people aged ≥40 years with diagnosed diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We analyzed 2006–2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 22 states (n = 27,699). Respondents who had not sought eye care in the preceding 12 months were asked the main reason why. We categorized the reasons as cost/lack of insurance, no need, no eye doctor/travel/appointment, and other (meaning everything else). We used multinomial logistic regression to control for race/ethnicity, education, income, and other selected covariates.

RESULTS
Among adults with diagnosed diabetes, nonadherence to the recommended annual eye examinations was 23.5%. The most commonly reported reasons for not receiving eye care in the preceding 12 months were “no need” and “cost or lack of insurance” (39.7 and 32.3%, respectively). Other reasons were “no eye doctor,” “no transportation” or “could not get appointment” (6.4%), and “other” (21.5%). After controlling for covariates, adults aged 40–64 years were more likely than those aged ≥65 years (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 2.79; 95% CI 2.01–3.89) and women were more likely than men (RRR = 2.33; 95% CI 1.75–3.14) to report “cost or lack of insurance” as their main reason. However, people aged 40–64 years were less likely than those aged ≥65 years to report “no need” (RRR = 0.51; 95% CI 0.39–0.67) as their main reason.

CONCLUSIONS
Addressing concerns about “cost or lack of insurance” for adults under 65 years and “no perceived need” among those 65 years and older could help improve eye care service utilization among people with diabetes.
Thermosoftening of the Parker Flex-TipTM Tracheal Tube in Preparation for Nasotracheal Intubation
Authors: Sanuki Takuro , Kotani Junichiro 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The Parker Flex-Tip tracheal tube (PFTT, Parker Medical, Highlands Ranch, Colo) has a soft, flexible, curved tip with double Murphy eyes. Previous studies have shown that the PFTT reduces the incidence of epistaxis during nasotracheal intubation and the incidence of postintubation nasal pain, as compared to conventional tracheal tubes. Although thermosoftening is a well-known and effective technique for reducing epistaxis during nasotracheal intubation with conventional tracheal tubes, we occasionally encounter difficulties with advancing the tube through the nasal passage when the PFTT is thermosoftened prior to nasotracheal intubation. Consequently, when using the PFTT for nasotracheal intubation, the procedure of thermosoftening should be avoided.
An Initially Deformed Flat Frame Finite Element
Authors: Zamorowski J. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract The paper presents the author’s non-linear FEM solution of an initially stressless deformed flat frame element, in which the nodes are situated along the axis of the bar initially straight. It has been assumed that each node may sustain arbitrary displacements and rotation. The solution takes into account the effect of shear, the geometrical non-linearity with large displacements (Green-Lagrange’s strain tensor) and moderate rotations (i.e. such ones which allow a linear-elastic behaviour of the material) and alternative small rotations when the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor is applied. This solution is based on [1], concerning beams without any initial bow imperfections. The convergence of the obtained results at different numbers of nodes and Gauss points in the element was tested basing on the example of circular arcs with a central angle of 120° ÷180°. The analysis concerned elements with two, three, five, seven, nine and eleven nodes, for the same number of points of numerical integration and also with one more or less. Moreover, the effect of distributing the load on the convergence of the results was analyzed.
Analysis of Solidification Parameters and Macrostructure of IN-713C Castings after Complex Modification
Authors: Binczyk F. , Gradoń P. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The paper presents a research results concerning impact of volume modification (ceramic filter containning cobalt aluminate and hafnium powder) and simultaneous surface and volume modification on solidification and stereological parameters of macrostructure of castings made from post-production scrap of nickel superalloy IN-713C. Research included investigation of the influence of chemical composition on the temperature Tliq i Tsol and evaluation of following macrostructure parameters: the number of grains per mm2, average grain area and shape coefficient. Results indicate high influence of carbon content on Tliq. Macrostructure of sample castings indicate positive effect of surface and volume modification, however impact of surface modification is more pronounced.
Characteristic of Core Manufacturing Process with Use of Sand, Bonded by Ecological Friendly Nonorganic Binders
Authors: Fedoryszyn A. , Dańko J. , Dańko R. , Asłanowicz M. , Fulko T. , Ościłowski A. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Mechanization of the process of core making with the use of inorganic and organic binders is based, almost solely, on core blowing machines. Presently the core blowing machines are equipped with tools and devices that allow for application of different technologies of core making. Cold-box, hot-box and warm-air technologies require that core blowing machines shall be additionally equipped with either core-box pre-heating system or gas purging and neutralization system, or hot air purging systems.
Considering the possibility of using varied, the most advantageous technologies of core making, the production of universal core blowing machines equipped with replaceable devices has been undertaken in Poland. The universal core blowing systems allow for mechanization of core making process also with the use of sand, bonded by modern, eco-friendly binder systems.
The paper presents selected results-based evaluation of core blowing process showing the scope of conducted design and implementation works.
Effect of the Remelting on Transformations in Co-Cr-Mo Prosthetics Alloy
Authors: Kacprzyk B. , Szymczak T. , Gumienny G. , Klimek L. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
In the article we were studing the impact of the remelting on transformations in Co-Cr-Mo prosthetics alloy. The TDA curves were analyzed, the microstructure was examined, the analysis of the chemical composition and hardness using the Brinell method was made. It was found that the obtained microstructure of the alloys that we studied do not differ significantly. In all four samples, microscopic images were similar to each other. The volume, size and distribution of the phases remain similar. Analysis of the chemical composition showed that all the samples fall within the compositions provided for the test alloy. Further to this the hardness of the samples, regardless of the number of remeltings did not show any significant fluctuations and remained within the error limit.After analyzing all the results, it can be concluded that the remeltings of the alloys should not have a significant impact on their properties. Secondarily melted alloys can be used for prosthetics works.
Analysis of Structure and Abrasion Resistance of the Metal Composite Based on an Intermetallic FeAl Phase with VC and TiC Precipitates
Authors: Kopyciński D. , Guzik E. , Gilewski R. , Szczęsny A. , Dorula J. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Metal alloys with matrix based on an Fe-Al system are generally considered materials for high-temperature applications. Their main advantages are compact crystallographic structure, long-range ordering and structural stability at high temperatures. These materials are based on an intermetallic phase of FeAl or Fe3Al, which is stable in the range from room temperature up to the melting point of 1240°C. Their application at high temperatures is also beneficial because of the low cost of production, very good resistance to oxidation and corrosion, and high mechanical strength. The casting alloy the structure of which includes the FeAl phase is, among others, highaluminium cast iron. This study has been devoted to the determination of the effect of vanadium and titanium on the transformation of the high-aluminium cast iron structure into an in-situ FeAl-VC composite.
The Influence of Pressure Die Casting Parameters on Distribution of Reinforcing Particles in the AlSi11/10% SiC Composite
Authors: Pasieka A. , Konopka Z. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The method of pressure die casting of composites with AlSi11 alloy matrix reinforced with 10 vol. % of SiC particles and the analysis of the distribution of particles within the matrix is presented. The composite castings were produced at various values of the piston velocity in the second stage of injection, at diverse intensification pressure values, and various injection gate width values. The distribution of particles over the entire cross-section of the tensile specimen is shown. The index of distribution was determined on the basis of particle count in elementary measuring fields. The regression equation describing the change of the considered index was found as a function of the pressure die casting parameters. The conclusion presents an analysis of the obtained results and their interpretation.
The Mechanical Properties of AlSi17Cu5 Cast Alloy after Overheating and Modification of CuP Master Alloy
Authors: Piątkowski J. , Jabłońska M. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The paper presents the results of studies on the effect of the AlSi17Cu5 alloy overheating to atemperature of 920°C and modification with phosphorus (CuP10) on the resultingmechanical (HB, Rm, R0.2) and plastic (A5 and Z) properties. It has been shown that, so-called, "timethermal treatment" (TTT) of an alloy in the liquid state, consisting inoverheating the metal to about 250°C above Tliq,holding at this temperature by 30 minutes improvesthe mechanical properties. It has also been found that overheating of alloy above Tliq.enhances the process of modification, resulting in the formation of fine-grain structure. The primary silicon crystals uniformly distributed in the eutectic and characteristics ofthe α(Al) solution supersaturated with alloying elements present in the starting alloy composition (Cu, Fe) provide not only an increase of strength at ambient temperature but also at elevated temperature (250°C).
Model of Cu-Al-Fe-Ni Bronze Crystallization
Authors: Pisarek B. P. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
According to the analysis of the current state of the knowledge shows that there is little information on the process of phase transformations that occur during the cooling Cu-Al-Fe-Ni hypo-eutectoid bronzes with additions of Cr, Mo and/or W, made additions individually or together, for the determination of: the type of crystallizing phases, crystallizing phases, order and place of their nucleation. On the basis of recorded using thermal and derivative analysis of thermal effects phases crystallization or their systems, analysis of the microstructure formed during crystallization - observed on the metallographic specimen casting ATD10-PŁ probe, analysis of the existing phase equilibrium diagrams forming elements tested Cu-Al-Fe-Ni bronze, with additions of Cr, Mo, W and/or Si developed an original model of crystallization and phase transformation in the solid state, the casting of high quality Cu-Al-Fe-Ni bronze comprising: crystallizing type phase, crystallizing phase sequence, place of nucleation.