bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Evaluation Metod of Transport System on the Basis of Semi-Markov Model of the Operation and Maintenance Process / Metoda Oceny Systemu Transportowego Na Podstawie Semimarkowskiego Modelu Procesu Eksploatacji
Authors: Woropay Maciej , Migawa Klaudiusz 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The article presents a method for assessment of availability and risk functioning of technical objects (transport means) in an executive subsystem. Indexes of the availability and risk connected with functioning of a single technical object have been determined on the basis of a mathematical model of the operation and maintenance process, in the studied transportation system. A Mathematical model of the operation and maintenance process has been developed with acceptance of an assumption that the process model is to be represented by a homogeneous Markov model X(t).
Computer Aided Diagnosis of Technical Condition of the SWLP-1 Helmet Mounted Flight Parameters Display System / Komputerowe Diagnozowanie Stanu Technicznego Systemu Nahełmowego Wyświetlania Parametrów Lotu SWPL-1
Authors: Michalak Sławomir , Borowski Jerzy , Szelmanowski Andrzej 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The paper presents selected results of the work carried out at the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) in the scope of computer diagnostic tests of the SWPL-1 Cyklop helmet mounted flight parameters display system. This system has been designed in such a way that it warns the pilot of dangerous situations occurring on board the helicopter and threatening the flight safety (WARN) or faults (FAIL), which inform about a failure in given on-board equipment. The SWPL-1 system has been awarded the Prize of the President of the Republic of Poland during the 17. International Defense Industry Exhibition in Kielce.
Clinical and radiological cervical spine evaluation in retired professional rugby players
Authors: Brauge David , Delpierre Cyrille , Adam Philippe , Sol Jean Christophe , Bernard Pierre , Roux Franck-Emmanuel 
Published: July 2015

OBJECT
Acute cervical spine injuries have been extensively studied in high-level contact sports. However, the relation between the appearance of degenerative cervical spine disease and the exposure to repeated trauma in such sports as rugby is still unclear. Using clinical and MRI evaluation, we aimed to determine if former professional rugby players had more serious degenerative cervical spine symptoms than the general population.

METHODS
Two groups, one composed of 101 former rugby players (all men, mean age 40.3 years, range 35–47 years, SD 2.3 years) and the other of 85 male volunteers serving as a control group (mean age 41.6 years, range 35–49 years, SD 4.5 years) were studied. The former rugby players were evaluated on average 5.8 years after retirement (range 1–16 years, SD 3.5 years). The groups were matched in terms of sex, age, job, current sports training, and smoking habits. Each participant received a complete neurological evaluation. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) questionnaire, and chronic neck pain was specifically evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS) and the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Overall, 25 MRI studies were performed in each group. MRI studies, including dynamic sequences, focused on degenerative lesions (Matsumoto score and canal diameter) and on muscular and medullary morphological analysis.

RESULTS
Significantly more former rugby players than controls complained of chronic neck pain (51 [50.50%] of 101 vs 27 [31.76%] of 85, p = 0.01). Rugby players also had significant reductions of neck mobility. Nevertheless, in those complaining of pain, there was no statistically significant difference between groups with respect to VAS and NDI scores (p = 0.57). On MRI, former rugby players had a narrower vertebral canal (on average 0.88 ± 0.167 cm vs 0.99 ± 0.130 cm, p = 0.007) and more foraminal stenosis (p = 0.01). No significant difference in the Matsumoto score was found between the 2 groups with respect to other degenerative lesions. Former rugby players had more often undergone surgery for a degenerative condition than had members of the control group (10 cases vs 0 in the control group, p = 0.0021).

CONCLUSIONS
A few years after retirement, former professional rugby players seem to have more frequent cervical spine pain and MRI degenerative lesions, such as foraminal stenosis and narrowing of the spinal canal, compared with controls who had not been professional rugby players. A longer evaluation is necessary to determine if these findings persist over time.
Discussion of “Evidence-based Health Informatics: How Do We Know What We Know?”
Authors: Al-Shorbaji N. , Hanmer L. , Hussein R. , Magrabi F. , Moen A. , Moura L. A. , Park H. -A. , Scott P. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThis article is part of a For-Discussion-Section of Methods of Information in Medicine about the paper “Evidence-based Health Informatics: How Do We Know What We Know?” written by Elske Ammenwerth [1]. It is introduced by an editorial. This article contains the combined commentaries invited to independently comment on the Ammenwerth paper. In subsequent issues the discussion can continue through letters to the editor.With these comments on the paper “Evidence-based Health Informatics: How do we know what we know?”, written by Elske Ammenwerth [1], the journal seeks to stimulate a broad discussion on the challenges of evaluating information processing and information technology in health care. An international group of experts has been invited by the editor of Methods to comment on this paper. Each of the invited commentaries forms one section of this paper.
Tibial anatomy in normal small breed dogs including anisometry of various extracapsular stabilizing suture attachment sites
Authors: Witte P. G. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryObjectives: To investigate proximal tibial anatomy and its influence on anisometry of extracapsular stabilizing sutures in small dog breeds.Materials and methods: Mediolateral radiographs of the femora, stifles, and tibiae of 12 small breed dogs were acquired with the stifles positioned at various angles. Measurements taken included tibial plateau angle (TPA), diaphyseal: proximal tibial angle (DPA), patellar tendon angle (PTA), Z-angle, relative tibial tuberosity width (rTTW), and the distance between six combinations of two femoral and three tibial extra-capsular stabilizing suture (ECS) attachment sites. Theoretical strain through stifle range-of- motion was recorded.Results: The TPA (32° ± 5.8°), DPA (10.2° ± 7.3°), PTA (103.7° ± 6.2°), and Z-angle (70.4° ± 9.0°) were positively correlated with one another (R >0.7), but none were correlated with rTTW (0.93 ± 0.10). The F2-T1 combination of ECS attachment sites had lowest strain for nine stifles. The shortest attachment site separation was at a stifle flexion of 50° for nine stifles. Proximal tibial anatomy measurements could not predict optimal attachment site combination, optimal stifle angle for suture placement, or ECS strain.Clinical significance: There is individual variation in the optimal attachment site combination and stifle angle for suture placement, which may influence consistency of outcomes with ECS.
Primary health care nurses’ management practices of common mental health conditions in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Dube Faith N. , Uys Leana R. 
Published: July 2015

Background: Psychiatric conditions contribute to 13%of the global burden of diseases and account for one third of years lost because of disability (YLD). Despite the high prevalence of mental health problems, primary health care (PHC) services remain ineffective in managing patients with mental health conditions.Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the practices of PHC nurses in the management of psychiatric patients in primary health care clinics in one of the rural districts in South Africa.Method: A survey was conducted amongst nurses working in several PHC clinics in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) in order to determine their practices in the management of psychiatric patients. Mixed methods were used to determine the PHC nurses practices in the management of psychiatric patients.Results: The findings revealed that in five sites (83.3%) treatments are not reviewed every six months, there were no local protocols on the administration of psychiatric emergency drugs, and none of the study sites provided psychiatric patients with education on their medication and its possible side effects.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study it is evident that psychiatric patients at PHC clinics in the district where the study was conducted do not receive quality treatment according to institutional mental health guidelines.
Numerical Analysis of Damage Thermo-Mechanical Models
Authors: Hentati Hamdi , Naceur Ilyes Ben , Bouzid Wassila , Maalej Aref 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we present numerical computational methods for solving the fracture problem in brittle and ductile materials with no prior knowledge of the topology of crack path. Moreover, these methods are capable of modeling the crack initiation. We perform numerical simulations of pieces of brittle material based on global approach and taken into account the thermal effect in crack propagation. On the other hand, we propose also a numerical method for solving the fracture problem in a ductile material based on elements deletion method and also using thermo-mechanical behavior and damage laws. In order to achieve the last purpose, we simulate the orthogonal cutting process.
Numerical Simulations of Unsteady Flows From Rarefied Transition to Continuum Using Gas-Kinetic Unified Algorithm
Authors: Wu Junlin , Li Zhihui , Peng Aoping , Jiang Xinyu 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNumerical simulations of unsteady gas flows are studied on the basis of Gas-Kinetic Unified Algorithm (GKUA) from rarefied transition to continuum flow regimes. Several typical examples are adopted. An unsteady flow solver is developed by solving the Boltzmann model equations, including the Shakhov model and the Rykov model etc. The Rykov kinetic equation involving the effect of rotational energy can be transformed into two kinetic governing equations with inelastic and elastic collisions by integrating the molecular velocity distribution function with the weight factor on the energy of rotational motion. Then, the reduced velocity distribution functions are devised to further simplify the governing equation for one- and two-dimensional flows. The simultaneous equations are numerically solved by the discrete velocity ordinate (DVO) method in velocity space and the finite-difference schemes in physical space. The time-explicit operator-splitting scheme is constructed, and numerical stability conditions to ascertain the time step are discussed. As the application of the newly developed GKUA, several unsteady varying processes of one- and two-dimensional flows with different Knudsen number are simulated, and the unsteady transport phenomena and rarefied effects are revealed and analyzed. It is validated that the GKUA solver is competent for simulations of unsteady gas dynamics covering various flow regimes.
Solution of the Magnetohydrodynamics Jeffery-Hamel Flow Equations by the Modified Adomian Decomposition Method
Authors: Lu Lei , Duan Junsheng , Fan Longzhen 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper, the nonlinear boundary value problem (BVP) for the Jeffery-Hamel flow equations taking into consideration the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) effects is solved by using the modified Adomian decomposition method. We first transform the original two-dimensional MHD Jeffery-Hamel problem into an equivalent third-order BVP, then solve by the modified Adomian decomposition method for analytical approximations. Ultimately, the effects of Reynolds number and Hartmann number are discussed.
Thermo-Solutal Natural Convection in an Anisotropic Porous Enclosure Due to Non-Uniform Temperature and Concentration at Bottom Wall
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Alam Pravez , Fartyal Prachi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis article summaries a numerical study of thermo-solutal natural convection in a square cavity filled with anisotropic porous medium. The side walls of the cavity are maintained at constant temperatures and concentrations, whereas bottom wall is a function of non-uniform (sinusoidal) temperature and concentration. The non-Darcy Brinkmann model is considered. The governing equations are solved numerically by spectral element method using the vorticity-stream-function approach. The controlling parameters for present study are Darcy number (Da), heat source intensity i.e., thermal Rayleigh number (Ra), permeability ratio (K*), orientation angle (ϕ). The main attention is given to understand the impact of anisotropy parameters on average rates of heat transfer (bottom,Nub, sideNus) and mass transfer (bottom,Shb, side,Shs) as well as on streamlines, isotherms and iso-concentration. Numerical results show that, for irrespective value ofK*, the heat and mass transfer rates are negligible for 10−7≤Da≤ 10−5,Ra= 2 × 105andϕ= 45°. However a significant impact appears on Nusselt and Sherwood numbers whenDalies between 10−5to 10−4. The maximum bottom heat and mass transfer rates (Nub, Sub) is attained atϕ= 45°, whenK*=0.5 and 2.0. Furthermore, both heat and mass transfer rates increase on increasing Rayleigh number (Ra) for all the values ofK*. Overall, It is concluded from the above study that due to anisotropic permeability the flow dynamics becomes complex.
The effect of food with different glycaemic index on the blood glucose level
Authors: Kouřimská Lenka , Jiráková Šárka , Adámková Anna 
Published: July 2015

Blood glucose levels are affected by many factors including the type of foods consumed, processing technology and cooking method. Hormone insulin lowers blood glucose to its constant level, while glucagon, growth hormone, adrenalin and glucocorticoids have the opposite effect. High steepness of the blood glucose level rise after meals may be unfavourable for the organism. Sugars are transferred into the blood at different speeds according to the type of food. Therefore the aim of this study was to confirm experimentally the effect of food on blood glucose levels in men and women of different ages. Two types of low, medium and high-glycaemic index (GI) foods were given to 4 men and 4 women of different age (from 35 to 65 years). All volunteers were healthy, slightly overweight, and without any regular sporting activity. None of them had any idea about their daily carbohydrates consumption and what the term glycaemic index meant. The volunteers came to the GI determination fasted in the morning. Their rise in blood glucose level was monitored by glucometer before the meal and after 1 and 2 hours of the consumption of baked potatoes (GI 85), white bread bun (GI 70), boiled potatoes (GI 64), rye bread (GI 62), potato dumplings (GI 52) and white cooked spaghetti (GI 41). Fasting blood sugar levels of volunteers highly depended on their age (p <0.0001) and gender (p <0.0001). The blood glucose values increased with age and were higher in men than in women. Significant influence of food GI on blood glucose levels in both men and women in all the age categories was observed (p <0.0001). An interaction between age and gender was also statistically highly significant (p <0.0001). One hour after consuming food the blood glucose values were significantly different from the values of fasting (p = 0.0035). The differences of these values did not depend on the age (p = 0.0574) and sex (p = 0.8256) of volunteers, but there was a significant difference on the GI value of food (p <0.0001). Significant interactions were also found in case of sex*age (p = 0.0002), age*GI (p <0.0001) and age*sex*GI (p <0.0001). Medium correlation was found between the GI values of food and the rise of blood glucose levels after 1 h (r = 0.6468). After the consumption of high-GI foods the values of glycaemia did not returned to their fasting levels even after 2 hours. There was still significant difference (p = 0.0032), but the values after 2 h were also statistically different from those after 1 hour (p <0.0001). The response to a particular type of consumed food depended on age (p = 0.0018) and especially the GI of foods.
Genome-wide selection signatures in Pinzgau cattle
Authors: Kasarda Radovan , Moravčí­ková Nina , Trakovická Anna , Mészáros Gábor , Kadlečí­k Ondrej 
Published: July 2015

The aim of this study was to identify the evidence of recent selection based on estimation of the integrated Haplotype Score (iHS), population differentiation index (FST) and characterize affected regions near QTL associated with traits under strong selection in Pinzgau cattle. In total 21 Austrian and 19 Slovak purebreed bulls genotyped with Illumina bovineHD and bovineSNP50 BeadChip were used to identify genomic regions under selection. Only autosomal loci with call rate higher than 90%, minor allele frequency higher than 0.01 and Hardy-Weinberg equlibrium limit of 0.001 were included in the subsequent analyses of selection sweeps presence. The final dataset was consisted from 30538 SNPs with 81.86 kb average adjacent SNPs spacing. The iHS score were averaged into non-overlapping 500 kb segments across the genome. The FST values were also plotted against genome position based on sliding windows approach and averaged over 8 consecutive SNPs. Based on integrated Haplotype Score evaluation only 7 regions with iHS score higher than 1.7 was found. The average iHS score observed for each adjacent syntenic regions indicated slight effect of recent selection in analysed group of Pinzgau bulls. The level of genetic differentiation between Austrian and Slovak bulls estimated based on FST index was low. Only 24% of FST values calculated for each SNP was greather than 0.01. By using sliding windows approach was found that 5% of analysed windows had higher value than 0.01. Our results indicated use of similar selection scheme in breeding programs of Slovak and Austrian Pinzgau bulls. The evidence for genome-wide association between signatures of selection and regions affecting complex traits such as milk production was insignificant, because the loci in segments identified as affected by selection were very distant from each other. Identification of genomic regions that may be under pressure of selection for phenotypic traits to better understanding of the relationship between genotype and phenotype is one of the challenges for livestock genetics.
Effect of selenium on its content in milk and performance of dairy cows in ecological farming
Authors: Horký Pavel 
Published: July 2015

Currently, the ecological farming is increasingly spread in the European Union. The aim of this relatively young farming method is a friendly approach to agricultural production with an emphasis to deliver healthy raw materials and food to final consumer. Selenium is included in an essential trace micronutrients which are necessary for the proper process of physiological reactions. It is a part of glutathione peroxidase, which is a powerful antioxidant. At present, selenium-deficiency can occur in feed and food in central Europe. Selenium deficiency is one cause of the higher occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the experiment was to study whether the addition of selenium to the diet of dairy cows in ecological farming can increase its concentration in milk and affect quantitative (milk yield) and quality (content of protein, fat, lactose, somatic cells and urea) milk indicators. The experiment included twenty cows of Holstein breed. The first experimental group of cows (n = 10) was fed with selenium in an amount of 0.3 mg.kg-1 (as selenomethionine) in the feed dose. The control group (n = 10) was not fed with the increased selenium in the feed dose. The basic feed dose contained 0.17 mg of Se/kg in the diet. For dairy cows, daily intake was of 20.5 kg of dry matter feed. The duration of the experiment was set at 45 days. The selenium concentration in milk was measured from 0.13 to 0.15 µg.mL-1 in the experimental group of cows during the evaluation. The control group of cows without the addition of selenium to the diet showed a selenium concentration below the detection limit. During the experiment, milk yield, lactose, fat and protein were not affected. A significant decrease (p <0.05) of somatic cells by 58% occurred in milk in the experimental group. The amount of urea was significantly lower in both groups in the experimental (by 52%; p <0.05) and control (50%; p <0.05). These results show that the addition of selenium may increase the selenium concentration in milk (the production of functional food). The addition of selenium reduces the amount of somatic cells, which are the indicators of inflammatory diseases of the mammary gland.
Emotion in Painting and Art Installations
Authors: Konečni Vladimir J. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Paintings are static 2- dimensional images with limited narrative means. on the basis of a critical analysis of the relevant laboratory scaling studies, museum studies, and neuroaesthetic work, the article reaches a negative conclusion about most paintings’ ability to engage sufficiently with general viewers’ associative- memory systems, so as to lead to identification and empathy, and induce fundamental psychobiological emotions. in contrast, designers of art installations can draw on subtle combinations of several classes of stimulus properties with psychological significance subsumable under the classical concept of the sublime (physical grandeur, rarity, an association with beauty and with biologically significant outcomes), so that some installations may induce the peak aesthetic emotional response, aesthetic awe—as defined in Aesthetic trinity theory (konečni, 2005, 2011), along with the states of being moved and physiological thrills. the approach also involves an analytical skepticism about emotivism, defined as a culturological proclivity for unnecessary insertion of emotion into accounts of mental life and behavior, especially in the arts. implications for the role of emotion theory in empirical aesthetics are examined.
The Evolution ofThe American Journal of Psychology1, 1887– 1903: A Network Investigation
Authors: Green Christopher D. , Feinerer Ingo 
Published: July 2015

Abstractthe American Journal of Psychology (AJP) was the first academic journal in the united states dedicated to the “new” scientific form of the discipline. But where did the journal’s founding owner/editor, G. stanley hall, find the “psychologists” he needed to fill the pages of such a venture 1887, when he was still virtually the only professor of psychology in the country? to investigate this question we used the substantive vocabularies of every full article published in AJP’s first 14 volumes to generate networks of verbally similar articles. these networks reveal the variety of research communities that hall drew on to launch and support the journal. three separate networks, corresponding to 3 successive time blocks, show how hall’s constellation of participating research communities changed over AJP’s first 17 years. many of these communities started with rather nebulous boundaries but soon began to differentiate into groups of more distinct specialties. some topics declined over time, but new ones regularly appeared to replace them. we sketch a quasievolutionary model to describe the intellectual ecology of AJP’s early years.