bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of action of miR-330-5p targeting ITGA5 in the regulation of proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Jun-fu , Wei Jian-ming , He Ting , Hu Jun-wen , Zhang Jiang-nan , Liu Long-zi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND: ITGA5 is an oncogene that performs its biological function by integrating the intracellular structure and extracellular matrix. Our research group found that ITGA5 is a gastric cancer-related gene highly expressed in this tumor and is closely related to its proliferation and metastasis. The ITGA5 gene is regulated by multiple miRNAs during the occurrence and development of tumors. This study aimed to explore the role of targeting miRNAs upstream of ITGA5 in the regulation of the proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells.
METHODS: The target miRNA molecules regulating the ITGA5 gene were predicted by four bioinformatics databases (TargetScan、miRDB、miRTarBase and mirDIP), and the unreported miRNAs with high correlation were selected and their expression in gastric cancer was assessed by qRT-PCR and western blot. The miRNAs with potential targeting abilities were further verified by dual luciferase reporter gene experiment. The effects of miR-330-5p and ITGA5 on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells were evaluated by CCK8, clonogenic assay, and Transwell chamber assay, respectively.
RESULTS: Six miRNAs (miR-26a-5p、miR-92a-3p、miR-148a-3p、miR-148b-3p、miR-330-5p and miR-152-3p) with high stability and conservation were found, and miR-330-5p was the one targeting and regulating ITGA5. In vitro experiments demonstrated that miR-330-5p mimic significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The transfection of miR-330-5p mimic into gastric cancer cells overexpressing ITGA5 (OE-ITGA5) resulted in a significant reversion of the promoting effect of OE-ITGA5 on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells (P < 0.05). In addition, miR-330-5p mimic reduced ITGA5 expression in gastric cancer cells and partially reversed the FAK/AKT signaling pathway activated by the ITGA5 gene. miR-330-5p inhibitor increased ITGA5 expression in gastric cancer cells, and they partially reversed the FAK/AKT signaling pathway blocked by sh-ITGA5.
CONCLUSIONS: ITGA5 was promotive for GC tumor growth and cell biological behaviors, and miR-330-5p targeted 3'-UTR of ITGA5 and inhibited its expression. ITGA5 was expected to become a new molecular marker, with miR-330-5p representing a novel therapeutic target for GC. This discovery provides a theoretical basis to further understand the mechanism related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, improving the diagnosis and prognosis while discovering a new therapeutic target.
Androecium homologies in eight-staminate maples: a developmental study
Authors: Zavialov Alexander , Remizowa Margarita V. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The genus Acer belongs to the family Sapindaceae, whose representatives are characterized by a pentamerous perianth but typically possess only eight stamens. Such an androecium is believed to have evolved through the loss of two stamens. However, there is still no consensus on the origin of eight-staminate androecium including the positions of the two lost stamens and the pathway of their reduction compared to other Sapindaceae. We examined the early stages of flower development in five maple species belonging to different sections – four species with eight stamens and one species with ten stamens – using scanning electron microscopy. Measurements were performed to analyze the relative positions of stamen primordia, their size, and the floral meristem surface area. In addition, the perianth and androecium vasculature was studied to reveal petal-stamen complexes. We found that in three of four 8-staminate species, three stamens are initiated from common petal-stamen primordia, and five arise from single primordia. In A. tegmentosum Maxim., four stamens appear from common primordia with petals, and four from single primordia. Despite developmental differences, stamen distribution within the flower and the angles between adjacent stamens indicate a similar androecium construction in all species. In most species with eight stamens, the differences between two andoecial whorls are vanished. In contrast, A. nikoense (Miq.) Maxim., with ten stamens, possesses two distinct stamen whorls, the antipetalous stamens are initiated from common primordia. In the 8-staminate androecia of the genus Acer, the same two stamens have been lost as in other Sapindaceae. Within genus Acer, there is a certain decrease in the relative size of the floral meristem, accompanied by an increase in the number of common petal-stamen primordia and increased heterogeneity of the androecium (in A. tegmentosum) or reduction of some floral organs.
Atmospheric Ozone Prediction by Linear dendritic neuron model combining Seasonal-trend decomposition based on LOESS
Authors: Jia Dongbao , Xu Wei , Zhang Haochen , Kuang Zhenkun , Wang Yichen , Zhao Shiwei , Zhou Weijie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Ozone in the atmosphere is not only closely related to people's lives and production, but can also endanger health at high concentrations. However, existing methods for predicting ozone levels are not accurate enough. Therefore, a prediction model composed of Seasonal-trend decomposition based on LOESS(STL) and improved dendritic neuron model(L-DNM) is proposed to predict atmospheric ozone content by dividing the time series into three parts: seasonal, trend and residual. Then, the trend part of the sequence is smoothed using the least squares method, and the most irregular residual is used as the input of the L-DNM. During the training process, the Back-propagation (BP) algorithm is used as the training algorithm to output the predicted part of the residual. The seasonal part with regularity and the other two processed parts are added together to obtain the prediction result. Through comparison, the STL-L-DNM is the state-of-the-art method in predicting ozone levels on five datasets considering four indicators including Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE). This includes the most popular Transformer model and its variants in recent years. At the same time, The Taylor diagrams and regression diagrams show that the predicted value of STL-L-DNM is the most stable and the fluctuation is the least. The experimental results demonstrate the accuracy and stability of the proposed algorithm, which can play an important role in the prediction of ozone level.
Predicting ligand-receptor interactions based on LSTM network with the attention mechanism and its application on cell-cell communication inference
Authors: Luo Ruogu , Gao Pengfei , Chen Min , Wang Peng , Li Zejun , Deng Yingwei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Cell-cell communication (CCC) inference provides many important information for deciphering the mechanisms of various life processes. With the development of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), multiple computational tools have been developed to predict CCC based on scRNA-seq data. These tools significantly improved the prediction of CCC which is mediated by ligand-receptor interactions (LRIs). In this study, we propose an LRI-mediated CCC inference method called CellAL. CellAL mainly consists of two procedures: LRI prediction by feature extraction via BioTriangle, feature selection through XGBoost, and classification using LSTM network with the attention mechanism, along with CCC inference based on LRI filtering, CCC inference and CCC network visualization. The LRI prediction performance of CellAL significantly surpassed four classical methods (i.e., ACT-SVM, decision tree, PPISP-XGBoost, and PIPR) on four LRI datasets. The identified LRIs by CellAL were validated by counting the overlapping LRIs between CellAL and four other CCC tools (i.e., CellChat, Connectome, CytoTalk, and NATMI). After that, CellAL was applied to infer CCC within melanoma and the predictions were further validated by comparing with three other representative CCC tools (i.e., CellPhoneDB, iTALK, and CellChat). The results demonstrated that caner-associated fibroblasts could have signaling with melanoma cells, which was the same as those predicted by iTALK and CellChat. Finally, the CCC network was visualized using network view and heatmap view. CellAL provides a reference for CCC prediction from single-cell resolution.
An Intelligent Framework to Generate Use Case Diagrams and Class Diagrams from Requirements Documents
Authors: ALRAWASHDEH Thamer A. , HNAIF Adnan A. , ALRIFAEE Mustafa , KAMEL Mohammed S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Use case diagramming and class diagramming are important requirements engineering techniques that play an essential role in modeling software specifications and facilitating the software development process. Software requirements are often expressed in natural language, which can be ambiguous, noisy, unmeasurable, and open to interpretation. This research overcomes this problem by extracting the required elements to generate use cases and class diagrams automatically from software requirements documents written in a common natural language. Therefore, an automated framework is proposed based on natural language processing techniques, such as tokenization and part-of-speed tagging, to parse the software requirements syntactically using a set of heuristic rules to facilitate the extracting actors, use cases, entities, relationships, and attributes used in the background to generate the use cases and class diagrams. Furthermore, to improve the performance of the proposed framework, the k-nearest neighbor algorithm is employed by predicting the pre-processed requirements. The proposed framework is evaluated using two performance measurements: recall and precision. The experiment results show that the proposed framework can achieve an average recall of 96% and an average precision of 92%.
An Efficient Technique for Detecting SQL Injection Attack in Software Defined Networks using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Alazeb Abdulwahab , Amin Rashid , Alshehri Mohammed S. , Aqdas Aqsa , Alasbali Nada , Almujally Nouf Abdullah 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Due to the large number of connected devices, expanding number of online apps, and growing number of online transactions, data traffic on the Internet is always increasing. Because attackers often target online applications first, web assaults represent a serious danger to organizations. Many solutions, including web application firewalls (WAFs), have been put forward to lessen the impact and severity of these attacks. However, by giving network managers centralized control, software-defined networking (SDN) expertise has greatly enhanced network administration and operation. In this study, we looked at the feasibility of implementing a firewall that can recognize and prevent online assaults using SDN. This research presents a system idea that may concurrently identify SQL injection threats. There isn't a mechanism in place at the moment that can simultaneously identify both threats. This technology guarantees a safe manner to share information and browse the internet. The security of web servers will improve. To anticipate the host that would be struck built on the previous information, we employ well-known machine learning algorithm K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN). Experimental findings demonstrate that Bayesian networks may achieve an average prediction accuracy of 94.56%.
Transgenic production of the mouse in vitro- and in vivo-derived embryos: Effect on the methylation pattern of OCT4 promoter, expression levels of Dnmts, and Oct4
Authors: Pashaie Nahid , Rezaee Delsuz , hosseini sara , Salehi Mohammad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

We examined the methylation pattern of OCT4 promotor and expression levels of Dnmts and Oct4 genes in the transgenic mouse embryos obtained by in vivo and in vitro experiments. A gene construct consisting of selected parts of the region upstream from the human OCT4 promoter and enhanced green fluorescent protein as a reporter (OCT4-EGFP) was used for pronuclear microinjection into in vitro and in vivo-derived embryos. The rate of fertilization, cleavage and developmental competence of embryos was evaluated. Expression levels of targeted genes were investigated. DNA was extracted from embryos and treated using a bisulfite kit, and OCT4 methylation detection was done by PCR in both groups. After microinjection, GFP fluorescence was visualized in developing embryos. We observed a significant decrease in cleavage and blastulation rate in the IVM group compared with the in vivo group. Results showed higher gene expression for the selected genes in the in vivo embryos compare to the IVM. The band intensity of the PCR product loaded was different in both groups, which shows that the level of methylation is unlike in IVM and in vivo groups. DNA methylation during development plays an important role in embryonic development for the production of high-quality transgenic embryos.
Shining a light on male infertility: the power of near-infrared photobiomodulation therapy for human asthenozoospermia
Authors: Stigliani Sara , ravera silvia , Maccarini Elena , Rizzo Camilla , Massarotti Claudia , Anserini Paola , Bozzo Matteo , AMAROLI ANDREA , Scaruffi Paola 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Sperm motility is a crucial factor in male fertility. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been reported to increase sperm motility but lacks a standardized protocol. We collected asthenozoospermic (n=70) and normozoospermic (n=20) semen. The asthenozoospermic samples were irradiated with an 810 nm diode laser at 0.25W, 0.5W, 1W, and 2W. Sperm motility was assessed immediately, after 30 and 60 minutes. A sample size calculator, unpaired t-test and one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey HSD tests were used for statistics. One and 2 W were the most effective outputs in increasing progressive motility compared to control (p<0.001). The maximum effect was immediately after 1 W-PBM (p<0.001), and decreased after 60 minutes (p<0.001). Time physiologically decreased vitality (p<0.001), but less in the 1W-PBM samples (p<0.05). 1W-PBM did not affect chromatin condensation. Asthenozoospermic samples displayed an impairment of 80% in oxygen consumption and ATP production and a slight inefficiency of oxidative phosphorylation compared to normozoospermic samples (p<0.001). 1W-PBM partially restored the functionality of aerobic metabolism (p<0.001) by recovery of oxidative phosphorylation efficiency. PBM did not affect lactate dehydrogenase (glycolysis pathway). No irradiated samples increased accumulated malondialdehyde, a marker of lipidic peroxidation. In conclusion, PBM improves progressive motility in asthenozoospermia through increased mitochondrial energetic metabolism without harmful oxidative stress.
On the Stability of Blood Vessels Based on Modified Couple Stress Theory
Authors: Saadat-Davani Ali , Paparisabet Mohammad Ali , Rouholamini Reza , Bahaadini Reza 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The effect of blood flow on the dynamic instability of a viscoelastic micro blood vessels (MBVs) is investigated in this study. The blood flow includes red blood cells (RBCs), blood flow profile, related modification factors and hematocrit are considered. The supporting tissues around the blood vessel are assumed as the viscous fluid. The governing equation of MBVs are obtained by the extended Hamilton’s principle based on the modified couple stress theory (MCST). The extended Galerkin approach is used in order to transform the resulting equations into general eigenvalue equations. The validity and accuracy of the present numerical scheme is confirmed by comparing the results with those obtained in literature and excellent agreement is achieved. The results show that the critical dynamic blood flow velocity, which leads to instability, is dependent on the constitutional material gradient scale, structural damping of blood vessel, viscous fluid and blood flow characteristics. Moreover, it is revealed that the MCST has a significant influence on the critical dynamic blood flow velocity of vessels. Also, it is demonstrated that by increasing the hematocrit and the mass ratio of blood flow, the critical dynamic blood flow velocity increases, while it decreases as the RBCs diameter, vessel’s diameter and internal pressure increase.
Enhancing Water Absorption in Cellulosic Composites through Hydrophilization
Authors: Лаврентьев И. В. , Дубовый В. К. , Симонова Е. И. 
Published: August 2024

Рост потребления одноразовых санитарно-гигиенических изделий (памперсы, пеленки, простыни, прокладки) требует развития науки и производства целлюлозных материалов для их изготовления. Водопоглощение - это один из важнейших показателей для санитарно-гигиенической продукции. Рассмотрены теоретические представления о возникновении, развитии и управлении гидрофильностью целлюлозы. Кратко рассмотрены механизмы водопоглощения, выделены основные из них - смачивание и капиллярность. Сделан расчет удельного водопоглощения целлюлозного композита из целлюлозы сульфатной беленой из хвойной древесины по ГОСТ 9571-89 АО «Архангельский ЦБК». Показано, что у исследуемой целлюлозы водопоглощение много ниже чем у импортных образцов, поэтому исследования в области повышения гидрофильности целлюлозы, обладают высоким потенциалом и практической значимостью. Рассмотрены главные факторы повышения водопоглощения - это повышение гидрофильности целлюлозы за счет размола и использование разного волокна для формирования целлюлозного композита. Показано, что довести показатель водопоглощения до требуемого уровня импортных производителей 4-5 г/г возможно регулированием технологических факторов.
The growing consumption of disposable sanitary products (diapers, diapers, sheets, pads) requires the development of science and the production of cellulose materials for their manufacture. Water absorption is one of the most important indicators for sanitary products. The theoretical concepts of the origin, development and management of cellulose hydrophilicity are considered. The mechanisms of water absorption are briefly considered, the main ones are identified - wetting and capillarity. The calculation of the specific water absorption of a cellulose composite made of bleached sulfate cellulose from coniferous wood according to GOST 9571-89 of Arkhangelsk Pulp and Paper Mill JSC was made. It is shown that the water absorption of the cellulose under study is relatively much lower than imported samples, therefore, research in the field of increasing the hydrophilicity of cellulose has high potential and practical significance. The main factors of increasing water absorption are considered - an increase in the hydrophilicity of cellulose due to grinding and the use of different fibers for formation of a cellulose composite. It is shown that the water absorption index to the required level of imported manufacturers 4-5 g/g can be achieved by regulating technological factors.
Flow field reconstruction of trash rack based on generative adversarial networks
Authors: Guo Ganggui , Liu Yakun , Zhang Di , Cao Ze , Deng Yangyu 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

A new model - super-resolution Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network with Gradient Penalty (SRWgan-GP) - is developed with resolution of 512×512 to reconstruct the sliced 2D high-resolution flow field from low-resolution data. To train the SRWgan-GP model, flow field data obtained from Large Eddy Simulation (LES) behind the trash racks is utilized. A sub-pixel convolution layer is incorporated in the framework to generate higher-resolution feature maps (512 × 512), which significantly reduces the network's memory requirements under the same output resolution .The performance of the proposed model is compared with that of other commonly used generative models including u-shaped architecture model (Unet) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The results reveal that the SRWgan-GP model excels in reconstructing the flow field along both the x with and y axes, demonstrating the most accurate performance with minimal error achieving an MSE of 0.001, PSNR of 46.557, and SSIM of 0.994 in depicting turbulent structures and the Kįrmįn vortex street. Power Spectral Density (PSD) analysis shows that the primary shedding frequency of the vortex street is consistent with LES at approximately 10Hz for SRWgan-GP. Additionally, the SRWgan-GP exhibits proficient accuracy in computing second-order statistics of the flow field, achieving minimal error in instantaneous Reynolds shear stresses.
Partnering with community-based organizations to provide contextualized approaches to WaSH inequities in the United States
Authors: Ripkey Carrie Elizabeth , Waller Leslie , Thompson Alesha 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

While comprehensive data are lacking, estimates suggest at least two million Americans do not have access to basic water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) services. These WaSH challenges are not uniformly distributed throughout the country, but rather occur in pockets along lines of race and class, mirroring historical and current patterns of marginalization and disenfranchisement. Given the highly context-specific challenges and the geographic, cultural, and policy environments in which they have been produced, the CDC Foundation set out to support community-based organizations (CBOs) in responding to WaSH challenges within their respective communities (n = 7). The mixed-methods evaluation of the application of this CBO model to address WaSH challenges in the United States suggests that this approach shows promise to bolster CBO capacity to address WaSH gaps within their communities, addressing immediate physical and informational needs. However, additional work is needed to understand the sustainability of these changes and how programs can be designed to support longer-term, systems change.
Operational management of water quality to prevent physical, chemical, and microbial contaminations in hydroponic cultivation
Authors: Jafari Majid , Asadi Esmaeil , Fakheri Fard Ahmad 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

The overarching aim of the present research is to manage the quality of surface water and irrigation water in hydroponic cultivation, which is one of the sustainable modern agricultural methods. It fully covered the control of physical, chemical, and biological contamination within the recommended standard range from river water to irrigation water. Initially, to deal with the corresponding contamination levels, the performance of the combination of coagulation and flocculation, rapid sand filter, ultrafiltration, and ultimately reverse osmosis methods were examined. By optimizing the pre-treatment section of coagulation and flocculation with jar tests, more than 90% removal of colloidal materials was achieved. Following the optimization of pre-treatment section, an 18.7% reduction in water consumption was observed. Finally, through the examination of the irrigation system and monitoring of both physical and biological contaminations, alongside the optimization of the greenhouse's recycled water disinfection system, preventive measures inhibiting the irrigation system clogging were implemented. The findings of the current research exhibited the removal of over 99% of these contaminations yielding a 99% reduction in the occurrence of irrigation system clogging.