bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More than one in two venous thromboembolism treated in French hospitals occurs during the hospital stays
Authors: Allaert Francois-André , Benzenine Eric , Quantin Catherine 
Published: March 2015

Objective The objective was to describe the prevalence of venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, and deep vein thrombosis among hospitalized patients and the percentages of those occurring during the hospital stays. Methods French DRG gave now the opportunity to investigate the frequency of venous thromboembolism occurring during the hospital stay. Statistics are issued from the national PMSI MCO databases encoded using the CIM10. Since 2010–2011 it is possible to differentiate the reason for hospital admission from the pathologies which secondly occurred. Any stay with the ICD-10 codes selected was considered as a hospital-occurred thrombosis unless it was the principal diagnosis of the first medical unit summary. To eliminate outpatient consultations or in day care, stays of <48 h were excluded. Results The results pertain to the 78,838,983 hospitalizations in France from 2005 to 2011 and on the 18,683,603 hospital stays in 2010–2011. The incidence of hospital stays came to 860,343 (1.09%) for venous thromboembolism, with 428,261 (0.543%) for deep vein thrombosis without pulmonary embolism and 432,082 (0.548%) for pulmonary embolism. It corresponds to an incidence of 189 per 100,000 inhabitants. Out of 100 hospital stays involving venous thromboembolism, for 40.3% venous thromboembolism was the cause of hospitalization whereas 59.7% can be considered to have occurred during hospital stay. These distributions are of 25.6 and 74.4% for deep vein thrombosis, respectively, 53.8 and 46.2% for pulmonary embolism. Conclusion The high proportion of hospital-occurred venous thromboembolism is an alarming situation that should question the quality of prevention and/or its effectiveness.
An intervention to support professional driver retirement transition: Results of a pilot study for older taxi drivers in Singapore
Authors: Chan Mei Leng , Gustafsson Louise , Liddle Jacki 
Published: March 2015

Introduction Older taxi drivers in Singapore face mandatory retirement at 73 years of age, often marked by the simultaneous loss of the worker and driver roles. The Driver Retirement Program was developed as an intervention to support this transition. Method A pre- and post-experimental design was conducted with retired 73-year-old, male taxi drivers ( n = 15) to investigate the hypotheses: (i) the Driver Retirement Program would increase activity participation (e.g. time use) and wellbeing (e.g. mood) outcomes at immediate post-intervention and (ii) maintain these changes at 3 months’ follow-up. Non-parametric tests were used to compare changes between (i) pre- and post-intervention and (ii) 3 months follow-up to post-intervention. Participants’ feedback on the Driver Retirement Program was obtained using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results The Driver Retirement Program significantly improved mood, self-efficacy and satisfaction with individualised goals at post-intervention and maintained these changes at 3 months’ follow-up. A significant decrease in time spent alone was found at follow-up compared with post-intervention. Participants rated high satisfaction with the Driver Retirement Program but also recommended a shorter programme without compulsory group sessions. Conclusion The Driver Retirement Program was useful to support some aspects of work and driver retirement transition. Further work to enhance sensitivity to cultural and gender issues is indicated.
Multimodal manual therapy vs. pharmacological care for management of tension type headache: A meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Mesa-Jiménez Juan A , Lozano-López Cristina , Angulo-Díaz-Parreño Santiago , Rodríguez-Fernández Ángel L , De-la-Hoz-Aizpurua Jose L , Fernández-de-las-Peñas Cesar 
Published: March 2015

Background Manual therapies are generally requested by patients with tension type headache. Objective To compare the efficacy of multimodal manual therapy vs. pharmacological care for the management of tension type headache pain by conducting a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Methods PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, EBSCO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Collaboration Trials Register, PEDro and SCOPUS were searched from their inception until June 2014. All randomized controlled trials comparing any manual therapy vs. medication care for treating tension type headache adults were included. Data were extracted and methodological quality assessed independently by two reviewers. We pooled headache frequency as the main outcome and also intensity and duration. The weighted mean difference between manual therapy and pharmacological care was used to determine effect sizes. Results Five randomized controlled trials met our inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analyses found that manual therapies were more effective than pharmacological care in reducing frequency (weighted mean difference –0.8036, 95% confidence interval –1.66 to –0.44; three trials), intensity (weighted mean difference –0.5974, 95% confidence interval –0.8875 to –0.3073; five trials) and duration (weighted mean difference –0.5558, 95% confidence interval –0.9124 to –0.1992; three trials) of the headache immediately after treatment. No differences were found at longer follow-up for headache intensity (weighted mean difference –0.3498, 95% confidence interval –1.106 to 0.407; three trials). Conclusion Manual therapies were associated with moderate effectiveness at short term, but similar effectiveness at longer follow-up for reducing headache frequency, intensity and duration in tension type headache than pharmacological medical drug care. However, due to the heterogeneity of the interventions, these results should be considered with caution at this stage.
Placement of Double Tunnels in ACL Reconstruction Using Bony Landmarks Versus Existing Footprint Remnant
Authors: Lu Wei , Wang Daping , Zhu Weiming , Li Dingfu , Ouyang Kan , Peng Liangquan , Feng Wenzhe , Li Hao 
Published: March 2015

Background: The outcomes of double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (DB-ACLR) are becoming controversial. One of the main reasons for the controversy is the techniques for bone tunnel placement. The common technique to place the bone tunnels is to use bony landmarks, while a new approach uses footprint remnants. Purpose: To investigate if placement of double tunnels using bony landmarks produces the same clinical results as that of using existing footprint remnants. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 72 male patients were randomly divided into 2 groups of 36 patients each: (A) DB-ACLR tunnel placement using the footprint remnant procedure (EF group) and (B) DB-ACLR tunnel placement using the bony landmark procedure (BL group). All patients were evaluated before and after surgery. Outcomes were measured by KT-2000 arthrometer side-to-side difference, pivot-shift test, and Tegner, Lysholm, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores. Second-look arthroscopic evaluations were performed in 59 cases (28 and 31 cases in the EF and BL groups, respectively). Results: The mean follow-up time was 36.9 ± 4.8 months. Postoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography scans showed that bone sockets were variable on both femoral and tibial sides in the EF group and almost consistent in the BL group. All of the evaluation indexes were significantly improved postoperatively in both groups. There were no revision cases in the EF group and 2 in the BL group. The EF group showed a faster range of motion (ROM) recovery (at 0° to 120°) than did the BL group. At final follow-up, there was no significant difference between the EF and BL groups in Tegner score (5.88 ± 1.39 vs 5.16 ± 1.76; P = .058) or pivot-shift test (34 vs 32; P = .067). The EF group had a larger proportion of patients with IKDC grade A (normal) (33 vs 24; P < .020), smaller side-to-side difference (0.68 ± 0.38 mm vs 1.23 ± 0.61 mm; P < .001), higher Lysholm score (91.29 ± 4.90 vs 88.71 ± 5.09; P = .032), and better second-look arthroscopic evaluations for graft quality in the anteromedial ( P = .034), posterolateral ( P = .015), and combined bundles ( P = .029) compared with the BL group. Conclusion: Although both techniques provided satisfactory clinical results, DB-ACLR using the existing footprint remnant for tunnel placement showed better functional results with respect to faster ROM recovery, higher subjective outcome scores, and better arthroscopic second-look with no revision cases.
Patellar Instability Factors in Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstructions—What Does the Literature Tell Us?
Authors: Tompkins Marc A. , Arendt Elizabeth A. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Many studies have demonstrated good results after medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction for patients with patellar instability. The applicability of published studies to the clinical decision-making process for the individual patient with patellar instability, however, is not well elucidated. Hypothesis: There is inconsistency in the reporting of preoperative and postoperative variables, which limits the applicability of current studies to patients with patellar instability. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using the search term medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction to identify studies with cohorts of patients with isolated MPFL reconstruction. A combination of inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in 24 studies being reviewed for a variety of preoperative demographics, physical examination findings, and imaging findings, as well as postoperative outcomes, including redislocation and responses to subjective questionnaires. Results: A physical examination of lateral patellar translation was reported in 42% of studies, by reporting an apprehension sign (n = 9), reporting quadrant translation (n = 7), or both. For patellar instability factors on imaging, patellar height was reported as a preoperative variable in 75% of studies, and trochlear dysplasia was reported in 83% of studies. The tibial tubercle–trochlear groove distance was reported as a preoperative variable in 42% of studies. The rate of redislocation after index surgery was reported in 92% of studies. Patient-related outcome measures were reported in all of the studies; the Kujala score was the most common. A homogeneous population was selected as part of the authors’ surgical indications for “isolated” MPFL in 67% of studies, and a heterogeneous population was selected in 33% of studies. Conclusion: Current literature on MPFL reconstruction contains diverse methods of recording preoperative and postoperative variables. Most studies report on a homogeneous population, with inconsistent applicability to the broad spectrum of patients with patellar instability. Outcomes reporting in our current literature needs more clarity and consistency regarding reporting methodology to be of value for the treating clinician.
Bone Fragment Union and Remodeling After Arthroscopic Bony Bankart Repair for Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Instability With a Glenoid Defect
Authors: Nakagawa Shigeto , Ozaki Ritsuro , Take Yasuhiro , Mae Tatsuo , Hayashida Kenji 
Published: March 2015

Background: Although good clinical outcomes have been reported after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair, the extent of bone union is still unclear. Purpose: To investigate bone union after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair and its influence on postoperative recurrence of instability. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Among 113 consecutive shoulders that underwent arthroscopic bony Bankart repair, postoperative evaluation of bone union by computed tomography (CT) was performed at various times in 81 shoulders. Bone union was investigated during 3 periods: 3 to 6 months postoperatively (first period), 7 to 12 months postoperatively (second period), and 13 months or more postoperatively (third period). The influence of the size of the preoperative glenoid defect and the size of the bone fragment on bone union was investigated, as well as the influence of bone union on postoperative recurrence of instability. In shoulders with bone union, bone fragment remodeling and changes in the glenoid defect size were also investigated. Results: The bone union rate was 30.5% in the first period, 55.3% in the second period, and 84.6% in the third period. Among 53 shoulders with CT evaluation in the second period or later and follow-up for a minimum of 1 year, there was complete union in 33 shoulders (62.3%), partial union in 3 (5.7%), nonunion in 8 (15.1%), and no fragment on CT in 9 (17.0%). The complete union rate was 50% for 22 shoulders with small bone fragments (<5% of the glenoid diameter), 56.3% for 16 shoulders with medium fragments (5%-10%), and 86.7% for 15 shoulders with large fragments (>10%). The recurrence rate for postoperative instability was only 6.1% for shoulders with complete union, while it was 50% for shoulders with partial union, nonunion, no fragment, and no fragment on CT. The recurrence rate was significantly higher (36.4%) in shoulders with small fragments, but it was significantly lower in shoulders with bone union. In shoulders with bone union, the bone fragment frequently became larger over time, while the size of the glenoid defect decreased significantly from 18.6% preoperatively to 4.7% postoperatively. Conclusion: Bone union was not always achieved after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair, and union was often delayed. Recurrence of instability was significantly more frequent when bone union failed. The size of the glenoid defect decreased significantly in shoulders with bone union.
Identifying Sex-Specific Risk Factors for Low Bone Mineral Density in Adolescent Runners
Authors: Tenforde Adam Sebastian , Fredericson Michael , Sayres Lauren Carter , Cutti Phil , Sainani Kristin Lynn 
Published: March 2015

Background: Adolescent runners may be at risk for low bone mineral density (BMD) associated with sports participation. Few prior investigations have evaluated bone health in young runners, particularly males. Purpose: To characterize sex-specific risk factors for low BMD in adolescent runners. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Training characteristics, fracture history, eating behaviors and attitudes, and menstrual history were measured using online questionnaires. A food frequency questionnaire was used to identify dietary patterns and measure calcium intake. Runners (female: n = 94, male: n = 42) completed dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure lumbar spine (LS) and total body less head (TBLH) BMD and body composition values, including android-to-gynoid (A:G) fat mass ratio. The BMD was standardized to Z-scores using age, sex, and race/ethnicity reference values. Questionnaire values were combined with DXA values to determine risk factors associated with differences in BMD Z-scores in LS and TBLH and low bone mass (defined as BMD Z-score ≤–1). Results: In multivariable analyses, risk factors for lower LS BMD Z-scores in girls included lower A:G ratio, being shorter, and the combination of (interaction between) current menstrual irregularity and a history of fracture (all P < .01). Later age of menarche, lower A:G ratio, lower lean mass, and drinking less milk were associated with lower TBLH BMD Z-scores ( P < .01). In boys, lower body mass index (BMI) Z-scores and the belief that being thinner improves performance were associated with lower LS and TBLH BMD Z-scores (all P < .05); lower A:G ratio was additionally associated with lower TBLH Z-scores ( P < .01). Thirteen girls (14%) and 9 boys (21%) had low bone mass. Girls with a BMI ≤17.5 kg/m2 or both menstrual irregularity and a history of fracture were significantly more likely to have low bone mass. Boys with a BMI ≤17.5 kg/m2 and belief that thinness improves performance were significantly more likely to have low bone mass. Conclusion: This study identified sex-specific risk factors for impaired bone mass in adolescent runners. These risk factors can be helpful to guide sports medicine professionals in evaluation and management of young runners at risk for impaired bone health.
No Association Between Fibrosis on Magnetic Resonance Imaging at Return to Play and Hamstring Reinjury Risk
Authors: Reurink Gustaaf , Almusa Emad , Goudswaard Gert Jan , Tol Johannes L. , Hamilton Bruce , Moen Maarten H. , Weir Adam , Verhaar Jan A.N. , Maas Mario 
Published: March 2015

Background: Connective tissue scar (fibrosis) is a common finding on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after recovery from acute hamstring injuries. Fibrosis has been suggested as a predisposing factor for reinjury, but evidence from clinical studies is lacking. Purpose/Hypothesis: The aim of this study was to examine the association between the presence of fibrosis on MRI at return to play after an acute hamstring injury and the risk of reinjury. The hypothesis was that fibrous tissue on MRI was associated with an increased reinjury risk. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Magnetic resonance images were obtained from 108 consecutive athletes with modified Peetrons classification grade 1 or 2 hamstring injuries within 5 days of injury and within 7 days of return to play. The presence and extent of abnormally low signal intensity in the intramuscular tissue on MRI, suggestive of fibrosis, were assessed on both T1- and T2-weighted images. Reinjuries were recorded over a 1-year follow-up period. The association between fibrosis and reinjury risk was analyzed with a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The MRIs of the initial injury showed 45 (43%) grade 1 and 63 (57%) grade 2 injuries. Median time of return to play was 30 days (interquartile range [IQR], 22-42 days). At return to play, 41 athletes (38%) had fibrosis on MRI with a median longitudinal length of 5.8 cm (IQR, 3.3-12.5 cm) and a median volume of 1.5 cm3 (IQR, 1.5-3.9 cm3). In athletes with fibrosis, 24% (10/41) sustained a reinjury, and in the subjects without fibrosis, 24% (16/67) had a reinjury, resulting in a hazard ratio of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.43-2.1; P = .898). Conclusion: Fibrosis is commonly seen on MRI at return to play after grade 1 or 2 hamstring injuries but is not associated with reinjury risk.
Attrition in Psychotherapy
Authors: Roseborough David John , McLeod Jeffrey T. , Wright Florence I. 
Published: March 2015

Purpose: Attrition is a common problem in psychotherapy and can be defined as clients ending treatment before achieving an optimal response. Method: This longitudinal, archival study utilized data for 3,728 clients, using the Outcome Questionnaire 45.2. A Cox regression proportional hazards (hazard ratios) model was used in order to better understand who is likely to attrit when considering (1) demographics, (2) diagnostic categories, and (3) process variables (e.g., recent symptom change). Results: A pattern emerged, with younger clients and those reporting less education and lower incomes being more likely to end. Clients who demonstrated a recent status change were more likely to remain in treatment. Discussion: Consistent with the large-scale STAR*D study, clients with more social and economic challenges demonstrated more risk. Adults diagnosed with a substance or obsessive compulsive disorder–related disorder showed the most elevated risk. Engagement strategies are discussed, with the goal of better supporting recovery.
The questions verbal children with autism spectrum disorder encounter in the inclusive preschool classroom
Authors: Sanders Eric J , Irvin Dwight W , Belardi Katie , McCune Luke , Boyd Brian A , Odom Samuel L 
Published: March 2015

This study investigated questions adults asked to children with autism spectrum disorder in inclusive pre-kindergarten classrooms, and whether child (e.g. autism severity) and setting (i.e. adult-to-child ratio) characteristics were related to questions asked during center-time. Videos of verbal children with autism spectrum disorder ( n = 42) were coded based on the following question categories adapted from the work of Massey et al.: management, low cognitive challenging, or cognitively challenging. Results indicated that management questions (mean = 19.97, standard deviation = 12.71) were asked more than less cognitively challenging questions (mean = 14.22, standard deviation = 8.98) and less cognitively challenging questions were asked more than cognitively challenging questions (mean = 10.00, standard deviation = 6.9). Children with higher language levels had a greater likelihood of receiving cognitively challenging questions (odds ratio = 1.025; p = 0.007). Cognitively challenging questions had a greater likelihood of being asked in classrooms with more adults relative to children (odds ratio = 1.176; p = 0.037). The findings present a first step in identifying the questions directed at preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder in inclusive classrooms.
Reference Values for the Marx Activity Rating Scale in a Young Athletic Population
Authors: Cameron Kenneth L. , Peck Karen Y. , Thompson Brandon S. , Svoboda Steven J. , Owens Brett D. , Marshall Stephen W. 
Published: March 2015

Background: Activity-related patient-reported outcome measures are an important component of assessment after knee ligament injury in young and physically active patients; however, normative data for most activity scales are limited. Objective: To present reference values by sex for the Marx Activity Rating Scale (MARS) within a young and physically active population while accounting for knee ligament injury history and sex. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Methods: All incoming freshman entering a US Service Academy in June of 2011 were recruited to participate in this study. MARS was administered to 1169 incoming freshmen (203 women) who consented to participate within the first week of matriculation. All subjects were deemed healthy and medically fit for military service on admission. Subjects also completed a baseline questionnaire that asked for basic demographic information and injury history. We calculated means with standard deviations, medians with interquartile ranges, and percentiles for ordinal and continuous variables, and frequencies and proportions for dichotomous variables. We also compared median scores by sex and history of knee ligament injury using the Kruskal-Wallis test. MARS was the primary outcome of interest. Results: The median MARS score was significantly higher for men when compared with women (χ2 = 13.22, df = 1, P < 0.001) with no prior history of knee ligament injury. In contrast, there was no significant difference in median MARS scores between men and women (χ2 = 0.47, df = 1, P = 0.493) who reported a history of injury. Overall, median MARS scores were significantly higher among those who reported a history of knee ligament injury when compared with those who did not (χ2 = 9.06, df = 1, P = 0.003). Conclusion: Assessing activity as a patient-reported outcome after knee ligament injury is important, and reference values for these instruments need to account for the influence of prior injury and sex.