bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE OF MALARIA, THE EFFECT OF PARASITAEMIA ON BLOOD PARAMETERS AND IRON LEVEL OF INFECTED CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OF AGE IN ITU, SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA
Authors: Bassey Bassey Eyibio , Etefia Ekaette Victor , Adams Ekamma Godwin , Akpan Mfonobong Edo 
Published: July 2024

Malaria is a devastating public health concern in Itu with varied haematological and biochemical implications. This study seeks to crystalize the prevalence of malaria, the effect of parasitaemia on some haematological parameters, and serum iron level of infected children under 5 in Itu Local Government Area, Nigeria. The study adopted a cross-sectional study involving 430 children. Blood samples were obtained from consented caregivers. Malaria prevalence and parasitaemia level were diagnosed microscopically. Haematology auto-analyzer was used to determine haematological parameters. Malaria prevalence of 41.08% was recorded in the study. The highest prevalence (42.86%) was reported among the female subjects. The difference in the infection rate between males and females was statistically significant (p<0.05). The infected children tended to have significantly lower mean haemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cell level, lymphocyte, monocytes, and eosinophil count, (p < 0.005) and a higher mean neutrophil, as well as white blood cell count (p < 0.05) compared to the non-infected subjects respectively. A weak correlation between the level of parasitaemia and Hb (r= 0.108), PCV(r=0.247), RBC (r= o.074), and a weak negative with WBC (r = -0.063) was also reported. The study also recorded a higher mean serum ferritin level (648 ng/ml) compared to non-infected, lower mean serum transferrin (6.41 ng/ml) compared to normal, and mean serum iron (54.40 ng/ml) was higher than normal. It is essential to pay keen attention to the evaluation of haematological and biochemical parameters in the management of malaria infection in children living in malaria-endemic areas.
Akupresure Titik P6 Efektif dalam Menurunkan Frekuensi Emesis pada Ibu Hamil Trimester I
Authors: Jamila Jamila , Hairunisyah Rika , Anggraeni Surti 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy are generally expected, but if not managed properly, they can cause serious problems such as hyperemesis gravidarum. This problem occurs in almost 20% of all pregnancies. One non-pharmacological intervention that is not invasive is acupressure at the P6 point. This study aims to determine the effect of acupressure in reducing the frequency of emesis gravidarum in primigravida in the Independent Midwife (PMB) Yuniarti Muara Enim practice. The research design was a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest and control group design. Sampling used a consecutive sampling technique: all pregnant women at PMB Yuniarti Muara Enim who met the inclusion criteria with a sample size of 30 per group. The instrument uses the PUQE (Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea) questionnaire. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test and the independent T-test. The study's results showed that the average reduction in emesis in the control group was less than in the acupressure intervention group (-0.17 ± 2.19; -4.03 ± 3.47). The statistical results show a p-value of 0.00) which means that acupressure has an effect in reducing the frequency of emesis gravidarum in primigravida in PMB Yuniarti Muara Enim. There is the effect of acupressure in reducing the frequency of emesis gravidarum in primigravida in the Independent Midwife (PMB) Yuniarti Muara Enim practice Keywords: Acupressure, Emesis, Pregnant Mother ABSTRAK Mual dan muntah selama kehamilan umumnya normal namun bila tidak ditatalaksana dengan baik dapat menyebabkan masalah yang serius seperti hyperemesis gravidarum. Masalah ini terjadi hampir 20% dari seluruh kehamilan. Salah satu intervensi non famakologi yang tidak invasif adalah dengan akupresur titik P6. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh akupresure dalam penurunan frekuensi emesis gravidarum pada primigravida di praktik Mandiri bidan (PMB) Yuniarti Muara Enim. Penelitian ini menerapkan rancangan quasy eksperimen dengan desain Pretest-Posttest yang melibatkan kelompok kontrol. Sampling menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling yaitu semua ibu Hamil di PMB Yuniarti Muara Enim yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dengan jumlah sampel 30 setiap kelompok. Intrumen menggunakan kuesioner PUQE (Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea). Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi Square dan uji T independent Test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata penurunan emesis pada kelompok control lebih sedikit dibandingkan pada kelompok intervensi akupresure (-0,17±2,19; -4,03±3,47). Hasil statistic menunjukkan p value 0,00) yang berarti bahwa ada pengaruh akupresure dalam penurunan frekuensi emesis gravidarum pada primigravida di PMB Yuniarti Muara Enim. terdapat pengaruh pengaruh akupresure dalam penurunan frekuensi emesis gravidarum pada primigravida di praktik Mandiri bidan (PMB) Yuniarti Muara Enim Kata Kunci: Akupressure , Emesis, Ibu Hamil
Hubungan Pengetahuan Perawat Terhadap Informent Consent di RS Anna Medika
Authors: Sahrudi Sahrudi , Safrudin Muhammad 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Humans are social creatures, namely creatures that need interaction with other humans. The interaction between humans is not only communication, but also involves all aspects of life, including the legal aspect. Individual legal relations between humans are classified as civil law. Civil law relations cover many fields, one of which is in the contractual relationship which is basically created by humans to reinforce the relationship between (their) parties. Objective of the study to determine the level of knowledge about Informed Consent by nurses who carry out nursing care actions for patients at Anna Medika Hospital. The design of this research is a quantitative descriptive research, which is a method that aims to create an objective description or description of a situation using numbers, starting from data collection, interpretation of the data as well as the appearance and results. From a p-value of 0.173, it is known that the p-value is > 0.05, which means that Ho is rejected, which means that there is no relationship between the level of knowledge of nurses and the knowledge of informed consent. There is no relationship between knowledge and the relationship between the level of knowledge of nurses and informed consent. Keywords: Informed Consent, Knowledge ABSTRAK Manusia merupakan makhluk sosial, yaitu makhluk yang membutuhkan interaksi dengan manusia lainnya. Interaksi antara manusia tersebut tidak hanya komunikasi saja, tetapi juga menyangkut seluruh aspek kehidupan, tidak terkecuali aspek hukum. Hubungan hukum secara perorangan antar manusia tergolong dalam hukum perdata. Hubungan hukum perdata mencangkup banyak bidang, salah satunya dalam hubungan perjanjian yang pada dasarnya diciptakan manusia untuk mempertegas hubungan antara pihak(mereka). Tujuan iiPenelitian iimengetahui tingkat pengetahuan tentang Informed Consent oleh tenaga perawat yang melakukan tindakan asuhan keperawatan bagi pasien di Rumah Sakit Anna Medika. Desain penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif adalah suatu modtode yang bertujuan untuk membuat gambaran atatu deskriptif tenang suatu keadaan secara objektif yang menggunakan angka, mulai dari pengumpulan data, penafsiran terhadap data tersebut serta penampilan dan hasilnya. Dari nilai p-Value 0,173 diketaui p-Value > 0,05 yang berarti Ho di tolak yang berarti tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan perawat dengan pengetahuan Informed Consent. Tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan hubungan tingkat pengetahuan perawat terhadap Informed Consent. Kata Kunci: Informent Consent, Pengetahuan
KONSTRUKSI LITERASI DIGITAL PADA PEMILU 2024 UNTUK MEMBENDUNG ARUS INFORMASI DAN BERITA PALSU
Authors: Iskandar Dudi , Suratno Geri , Raharjo Didik Hariyadi 
Published: July 2024

Abstrak : Pemilihan Umum 2024 diselenggarakan 14 Februari 2024. Sebagai hajat politik terbesar bangsa ini, semua kalangan terlibat dalam Pemilu 2014. Karena itu lumrah bila setiap pemilu terjadi pertarungan wacana yang melibatkan aktor politik, media massa, dan masyarakat. Tidak hanya informasi dan berita yang membentuk wacana positif, wacana negatif pun bertebaran. Publik, kandidat, dan state actors tidak hanya mewarnai ruang publik media dengan informasi jernih dan berita baik, tetapi juga menggarami dengan informasi kotor. Informasi palsu di media sosial di media berita buruk di massa pada Pemilu 2024 mengancam kohesi sosial dan integrasi bangsa sebagaimana pernah terjadi pada Pemilu 2014 dan 2019. Harus ada usaha membendung penyebaran informasi dan berita palsu tersebut. Salah satunya adalah literasi digital, termasuk literasi media digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konstruksi literasi digital, termasuk media digital, pada pemilu 2024 untuk membendung informasi dan berita palsu pada Pemilu 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan data pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertama, momentun pemilu merupakan saat rawan peredaran informasi dan berita palsu. Di sinilah kemampuan literasi digital, termasuk literasi media digital menemukan momentumnya. Kedua, secara makro negara bertanggung jawab dalam program literasi digital, termasuk literasi media digital. Ketiga, komunikasi publik antara Kemenkominfo dan masyarakat menjadi jembatan vital yang harus terus dipelihara dan ditingkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensinya sehingga peran negara dalam membangun literasi digital, termasuk literasi media digital terwujud secepatnya.
Kata Kunci : literasi media, informasi palsu, berita palsu, Pemilu 2024
Novel digital technique for measuring the volumetric healing process of free gingival grafts surrounding dental implants
Authors: Docampo-Vázquez Cristian , Gragera-Alia Teresa , Fernández-Domínguez Manuel , Zubizarreta-Macho Álvaro , Aragoneses-Lamas Juan Manuel 
Published: July 2024

The objective of the present study was to analyze and describe a new digital technique for analyzing the volumetric healing process of free gingival grafts in both donor and recipient locations surrounding a dental implant, as well as to compare the reliability of conventional and digital techniques for measuring the width of the free gingival graft in the recipient location throughout the healing process.Materials and methodsTen patients presenting with mucositis linked to a dental implant were included. A preoperative soft tissue width &lt;2 mm, with probing pocket depth &lt;5 mm, edema and inflammation and bleeding on probing was determined A digital impression was taken of both donor and recipient locations using an intraoral scan, generating a Standard Tessellation Language digital file both preoperatively (STL1) and after 1 week (STL2), 1 month (STL3), 3 months (STL4), and 6 months (STL5) of follow-up. Afterwards, the digital files (STL1-STL5) were aligned using a reverse engineering morphometric software, and Student's t-test was used to analyze changes in volume at the donor and recipient locations. Additionally, widths were measured both clinically and digitally so as to compare the reliability of these measurement techniques. The repeatability and reproducibility of both these measurement techniques were also analyzed using Gage R&amp;R statistical analysis.ResultsGage R&amp;R found that the total variability of the digital technique was 0.6% (among the measures of each operator) and 7.6% (among operators); as variability was under 10%, the results were repeatable and reproducible. In addition, there were statistically significant differences between donor and recipient locations in healing process volume (mm3) after one week (p = 0.0110), one month (p = 0.0007), three months (p &lt; 0.0001) and six months (p = 0.0004) of follow-up.ConclusionThe digital measurement technique provided accurate, repeatable, and reproducible results when analyzing the volumetric and linear measures of the healing process in both the donor and recipient locations of a free gingival graft surrounding a dental implant, with significantly higher tissue volume in the recipient location.
Predictors of lateral lymph node metastasis and skip metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
Authors: Yoon Jee Hee , Park Ji Yong , Hong A Ram , Kim Hee Kyung , Kang Ho-Cheol 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundPapillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is characterized by its favorable prognosis and potential for active surveillance (AS) as a management option. However, the presence of cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis, especially lateral LN metastasis, significantly impacts management and prognosis. Previous studies have focused on post-surgery risk factors for cervical LN metastasis. This study aims to identify predictors of lateral LN metastasis by analyzing pre-operative ultrasonographic findings alongside clinicopathological factors.MethodsA retrospective review of medical records was conducted for patients with PTMC who underwent surgery at Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital between 2004 and 2013. This is a case–control study that compares patients with lateral LN metastasis (N1b) to age- and sex-matched patients without LN metastasis (N0). Subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate risk factors of skip metastasis.ResultsThe study included 90 patients with PTMC with lateral LN metastasis (N1b) and 268 age- and sex-matched patients without LN metastasis (N0). The mean age was 49.3 years, and female patients were dominant in both groups. Structural recurrences of 4.4% (4/90) were observed only in the N1b group. The N1b group exhibited a higher frequency of upper lobe tumor location compared to the N0 group (38.9% vs. 16.0%, p &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference in the locations with the presence of invasion to adjacent organs. A higher proportion of non-parallel shape was observed in the N1b group than the N0 group (80.0% vs. 66.0%, p = 0.013). There were no differences in echogenicity, sonographic feature, margin, and AP diameter of the thyroid gland between the two groups. In multivariate analysis, independent risk factors for lateral LN metastasis included extrathyroidal extension, multiplicity, upper lobe tumor location, and non-parallel shape. Skip metastasis in patients with PTMC was associated with upper lobe tumor location.ConclusionDetailed ultrasound examinations, evaluating tumor location, number, orientation, and the presence of ETE, are crucial in accurately predicting lateral LN metastasis especially when primary tumor was in the upper lobe to avoid missing skip metastasis. These evaluations can help guide the decision between AS and immediate surgery in patients with PTMC.
The efficacy and adverse events of bevacizumab combined with temozolomide in the treatment of glioma: a systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wei SiYao , Chang LanYin , Zhong Yi 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy and adverse events of bevacizumab (BEV) combined with temozolomide (TMZ) in the treatment of glioma.Materials and methodsRandomized controlled trials (RCT) involving BEV combined with TMZ in the treatment of glioma were searched using PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library, and a comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted. The primary outcomes were overall survival time (OS) and progression-free survival time (PFS), and the secondary outcome was adverse events. Researchers conducted literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 8 prospective RCTs of 3,039 cases were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that compared with TMZ alone, BEV combined with TMZ could significantly improve PFS, OS and complete remission rate (CR). A total of 6 studies reported related adverse events, mainly including thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, leukopenia, anemia and fatigue. Combination therapy may have more adverse events but no serious consequences.ConclusionThe combination of BEV and TMZ had a better therapeutic effect on glioblastoma, significantly prolonged the survival time of patients and improved the quality of life. However, some patients are afflicted with the adverse events of combination therapy, and subsequent studies should continue to conduct larger, multi-center RCTs to confirm the findings and explore in depth how to minimize and manage adverse events effectively.
EMG-YOLO: road crack detection algorithm for edge computing devices
Authors: Xing Yan , Han Xu , Pan Xiaodong , An Dong , Liu Weidong , Bai Yuanshen 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionRoad cracks significantly shorten the service life of roads. Manual detection methods are inefficient and costly. The YOLOv5 model has made some progress in road crack detection. However, issues arise when deployed on edge computing devices. The main problem is that edge computing devices are directly connected to sensors. This results in the collection of noisy, poor-quality data. This problem adds computational burden to the model, potentially impacting its accuracy. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel road crack detection algorithm named EMG-YOLO.MethodsFirst, an Efficient Decoupled Header is introduced in YOLOv5 to optimize the head structure. This approach separates the classification task from the localization task. Each task can then focus on learning its most relevant features. This significantly reduces the model’s computational resources and time. It also achieves faster convergence rates. Second, the IOU loss function in the model is upgraded to the MPDIOU loss function. This function works by minimizing the top-left and bottom-right point distances between the predicted bounding box and the actual labeled bounding box. The MPDIOU loss function addresses the complex computation and high computational burden of the current YOLOv5 model. Finally, the GCC3 module replaces the traditional convolution. It performs global context modeling with the input feature map to obtain global context information. This enhances the model’s detection capabilities on edge computing devices.ResultsExperimental results show that the improved model has better performance in all parameter indicators compared to current mainstream algorithms. The EMG-YOLO model improves the accuracy of the YOLOv5 model by 2.7%. The mAP (0.5) and mAP (0.9) are improved by 2.9% and 0.9%, respectively. The new algorithm also outperforms the YOLOv5 model in complex environments on edge computing devices.DiscussionThe EMG-YOLO algorithm proposed in this paper effectively addresses the issues of poor data quality and high computational burden on edge computing devices. This is achieved through optimizing the model head structure, upgrading the loss function, and introducing global context modeling. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in both accuracy and efficiency, especially in complex environments. Future research can further optimize this algorithm and explore more lightweight and efficient object detection models for edge computing devices.
Blunted midbrain reward activation during smoking withdrawal: a preliminary study
Authors: Conti A. A. , Tolomeo S. , Baldacchino A. , Steele J. D. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionTobacco smoking is the leading preventable cause of death, causing more than six million deaths annually worldwide, mainly due to cardiovascular disease and cancer. Many habitual smokers try to stop smoking but only about 7% are successful, despite widespread knowledge of the risks. Development of addiction to a range of substances is associated with progressive blunting of brain reward responses and sensitisation of stress responses, as described by the allostasis theory of addiction. There is pre-clinical evidence from rodents for a dramatic decrease in brain reward function during nicotine withdrawal.MethodsHere we tested the hypothesis that habitual smokers would also exhibit blunted reward function during nicotine withdrawal using a decision-making task and fMRI.ResultsOur findings supported this hypothesis, with midbrain reward-related responses particularly blunted. We also tested the hypothesis that smokers with a longer duration of smoking would have more pronounced abnormalities. Contrary to expectations, we found that a shorter duration of smoking in younger smokers was associated with the most marked abnormalities, with blunted midbrain reward related activation including the dopaminergic ventral tegmental area.DiscussionGiven the substantial mortality associated with smoking, and the small percent of people who manage to achieve sustained abstinence, further translational studies on nicotine addiction mechanisms are indicated.
Post-traumatic stress disorder among long-term resettled Syrian refugees in Turkey: a comprehensive analysis of pre- and post-migratory factors
Authors: Yilmaz Ertan , Tamam Lut , Cengisiz Cengiz 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionAfter the war in Syria, many people were forcibly displaced, and many others migrated to foreign countries. Many Syrians have been exposed to traumatic negative lifeexperiences during this process. In this context, this study was carried out to investigate the effects of pre- and post-migration traumatic experiences and living difficulties on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Syrian refugees who have been residing in Turkey for more than five years.MethodsThe sample size of this cross-sectional study consisted of 200 Syrian refugees. Research data were collected using a self-report questionnaire. Refugees’ depression and anxiety levels were assessed with The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were assessed with the PTSD Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) (PCL-5). Logistic regression models were created to assess the effects of pre- and post-migration traumas, adverse events, and other sociodemographic variables, including age and gender, on PTSD.ResultsThe study unveiled a high prevalence of PTSD (55.5%), depression (33.5%), and anxiety(4.5%) among participants. Notably, male refugees and those exposed to armed conflict exhibited a significantly higher frequency of PTSD. In contrast, depression was more prevalent among female participants. Pre-migration traumatic experiences, especially near-death situations, were identified as significant predictors of PTSD. Interestingly, while pre-migration traumatic experiences were higher, post-migration living difficulties also emerged as a concern, with factorslike "inability to return home in emergencies" and "worries about losing ethnic identity" beinghighlighted. Path analysis further revealed that pre-migration traumatic experiences indirectly contributed to PTSD by exacerbating post-migration living difficulties.DiscussionSyrian refugees in Turkey, even after long-term residence, exhibit high rates of PTSD, depression, and anxiety. While pre-migration traumas play a pivotal role, post-migration challenges further compound their mental health issues. These findings underscore the need for holistic, long-term mental health interventions that address both past traumas and current living difficulties.