bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteriological profile of bloodstream infections in pediatric age group in a tertiary care centre, Solapur
Authors: Waghmare Prakash Hindurao , Mukherjee Nilanjana , Shinde Deepak K , Chincholkar Vijaykumar V 
Published: July 2024

Bloodstream infections (BSI) due to multidrug-resistant organisms from paediatric setup have become increasingly common. BSI can be transient and be rapidly cleared out by the host defence mechanism or be associated with high morbidity and mortality if it becomes persistent.Blood samples were collected from 1112 children within a 1-year study period (July 2022 to June 2023) which included all children admitted with complaint of fever and suspected of having sepsis in Paediatric department of Shri Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Sarvopchar Rugnalaya (SCSMSR), Solapur. Blood volume was collected depending upon age and body weight of the patient with aseptic precautions and inoculated in Brain Heart Infusion broth (BHI) which was incubated at 37°C for 7 days. Subcultures were made on blood agar and MacConkey agar plates. Organisms were identified by biochemical reactions and antibiotic susceptibility test of the isolates were performed by disk diffusion. Out of 1112 suspected cases, 175 (15.74%) were culture positive. (27.43%) was the most common isolate followed by (16.57%) Most common Gram positive isolate was (11.43%) followed by (6.86%). Total Multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates in Gram negative and Gram positive were 50.35% and 31.25% respectively.High rates of antibiotic resistance are observed in both gram positive and gram negative organisms. Thus, there is an urgent need for proper implementation of antibiotic stewardship programme and infection prevention and control measures.
Aprendizagem Baseada em Jogos e Pensamento Computacional no Ensino Fundamental: um Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura
Authors: Nipo Daniel , Rodrigues Rodrigo , França Rozelma , Nascimento Josevandro 
Published: July 2024

O Pensamento Computacional consiste em habilidades, baseadas na Ciência da Computação, que auxiliam na resolução de problemas. O desenvolvimento de Pensamento Computacional pode ser estimulado através de diversos recursos, dentre eles os jogos digitais. Os jogos digitais se destacam como parte do cotidiano das pessoas, são capazes de motivar quando usados no ensino e aprendizagem, aumentando o interesse dos alunos. Este trabalho apresenta um Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura, tendo como questão central "Qual o estado atual das pesquisas científicas centradas nas relações entre Aprendizagem Baseada em Jogos e Pensamento Computacional no contexto do ensino fundamental?". Os achados do mapeamento revelaram tendências e lacunas a serem exploradas em pesquisas futuras.

Palavras-chave: Pensamento computacional. Aprendizagem baseada em jogos. Ensino fundamental. Mapeamento sistemático.
Communication Technology Facilitates Quality Care Between Midwives and Their Pregnant Clients Within a Midwifery Continuity of Care Relationship
Authors: Wakelin Karen J. , McAra-Couper Judith , Fleming Tania 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:Communication was identified as a component of high-quality maternity care within an evidence-informed Quality Maternal and Newborn Care framework. Communication technology has been shown to enhance relationships midwives develop with their clients; however, concerns with the safety of the communication have been identified.AIM:This article reports on the contribution that communication technology makes toward quality care when used within a continuity of care relationship between midwives and their pregnant clients.METHODS:This article reports on phase 2A of a multiphase study. Semistructured interviews were conducted with lead maternity carer midwives using the online platform Microsoft Teams. Midwives who had previously undertaken an online survey in phase 1A and had indicated interest in participating in an online interview were emailed an invitation to participate. Fourteen midwives responded to the email invitation. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data.FINDINGS:The findings indicate that communication technology facilitates quality care within a midwifery model of continuity of care. This is achieved in two ways through (a) connectedness and being known and (b) an awareness of challenges which in turn enables midwives to develop strategies for ensuring quality care.DISCUSSION:Communication technology, when used within a continuity of care relationship, facilitates quality care. It does this through enabling a connection continuation of connectedness and knowingness which enables midwives to negotiate safe and appropriate means for contact. It also privileges midwives with knowledge of challenges when using communication technology and enables strategies to be developed.
Forest Fire Susceptibility Zonation using dNBR and Machine Learning models: A case study at the Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India
Authors: Guria Rajkumar , Mishra Manoranjan , Mohanta Samiksha , Paul Suman 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Forests play a pivotal role in maintaining environmental equilibrium, chiefly due to their biodiversity. This biodiversity is instrumental in atmospheric purification and oxygen production. Nowadays forest fires are an exciting phenomenon, identification of forest fire susceptible (FFS) areas is necessary for forest fire mitigation and management. This study delves into forest fire trends and susceptibility in the Similipal Biosphere Reserve (SBR) over the period of 2012–2023. Utilizing four machine learning models such as Extreme Gradient Boosting Tree (XGBTree), AdaBag, Random Forest (RF), and Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM). Forest fire inventory was prepared using the Delta Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) index. Incorporating 19 conditioning factors and rigorous testing for collinearity, FFS maps were generated, and finally, model performance was evaluated using ROC-AUC, MAE, MSE, and RMSE methods. From the results, it was observed that, overall, about 33.62% of the study area exhibited high to very high susceptibility to forest fires. RF exhibiting the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.85). Analysis of temporal patterns highlighted a peak in fire incidents in 2021, particularly notable in the Buffer Zone. Furthermore, a significant majority (94.72%) of fire incidents occurred during March and April. These findings serve as valuable insights for policymakers and organizations involved in forest fire management, underscoring the importance of targeted strategies for high-risk areas.
Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and associated factors among hypertensive patients in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Seid Kedir , Lakew Gebeyehu , Bogale Solomon Ketema , Desalew Eyob Getachew , yirsaw Amalku nigussie , Andarge Getnet Alemu , Belayneh Asnake Gashaw , Berhie Alemshet Yirga , Bogale Eyob Ketema 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: - Hypertension is most common global cause of cardiovascular disease and death with rising worldwide prevalence, particularly in low-income countries. Patients with target organ damage, particularly chronic kidney disease, are more common as a result of hypertension. Despite the fact that many primary studies have reported the prevalence of chronic renal disease among hypertension patients, their findings have shown significant diversity with regard to the disease's prevalence in Ethiopia. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the overall prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its associated factors among Ethiopian hypertensive patients.
Method: - The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist was used to select potential studies. PubMed, scopes and web of science were searched to identify relevant studies. To examine for heterogeneity among the included studies, the I2 statistic was employed. A random-effects model was applied to estimate the pooled effect size across studies. The Egger's regression test and a funnel plot were employed to look for evidence of publication bias. The quality of included studies was assessed by utilizing the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The estimated pooled prevalence and related variables of chronic renal disease were determined using STATA software version 17.0.
Result: - Four research totaling 1,675 study participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of CKD among hypertensive patients was found to be 21% (95% CI: 18–24, I2 = 59.45%. Age ≥ 60 years (OR = 1.73, 95%, CI: 1.02, 2.44), uncontrolled hypertension (OR = 4.64, 95%, CI: 1.83, 7.44), duration of hypertension >=10 years (OR = 6.05; 95% CI 3.40–8.70) and having co-morbid diseases (OR = 4.24; 95% CI: 1.46–7.03) were significantly associated with CKD.
Conclusion: - This study showed that the prevalence of chronic kidney disease remains high among hypertensive patients in Ethiopia. This study found that Age ≥ 60 years, uncontrolled hypertension, duration of hypertension >=10 years and having co-morbid diseases were associated with chronic kidney disease among hypertensive patients. Therefore, situation-based interventions and context-specific preventive strategies should be developed to reduce the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease among hypertensive patients.
Exploring Airborne Pollutants in Fitness Environments: Implications for Health and Exercise
Authors: Peixoto Cátia , Pereira Maria do Carmo , Morais Simone , Slezakova Klara 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

As there are many known benefits of physical activities practising, the need to evaluate pollution levels and personal exposure in different sports environments has become increasingly important. However, the current data are limited, namely those related to exposure levels during different types of sports activities. Thus, this study estimated indoor air levels and inhalation doses of gaseous (total volatile organic compounds – TVOCs, CO2) and particulate (PM10, PM2.5, and ultrafine – 20-1000 nm) pollutants during highly–intense (spinning, dance fitness, and total body workout - TBW) and moderately–intense (body & mind, muscle group-specific and self-defence techniques) groups activities (n = 138). Inhalation dose was assessed using the USEPA methodology, considering different age categories of practitioners (3 – <61 years old) and genders. The results showed that CO2 concentrations ranged from 1368 mg/m3 (in TBW) -2727 mg/m3 (self-defence-adults), with the protection threshold being exceeded in adult self-defence classes. TVOCs exceeded 4–18 times the protective limits in all classes (2.49 mg/m3 in body & mind – 10.62 mg/m3 in self-defence adults). Across different characterized activities, PM values widely varied (PM10: 20.8–220.8 µg/m3; PM2.5: 9.1–63.5 µg/m3; UFP: 6267–9917 #/cm3) with especially PM10 higher during vigorous human movements; 1.1–4.4 and 1.1–2.5 times exceeding the protective threshold for PM10 and PM2.5, respectively. High-intensity classes resulted in 1.4–1.6 times higher inhalation doses than moderate-intensity classes and the total inhaled dose for men was higher (1–8% in high- and moderate-intensity, respectively) than for women. Finally, the inhaled doses by the child population were up to 2.2 times higher than of adults of both genders. It needs to be emphasized that inhaled dose values indirectly indicate the possible health risk to which users are exposed in terms of pollutant intake (particulate matter and gaseous pollutants), combining exposure concentration, physical effort and duration of activity.
Joint Response of Surface Subsidence and Strong Mine Earthquake under High-positioned and Thick-hard Strata in Deep Coal Mine
Authors: Zhang Guangchao , Zhang Guangyou , Zhou Guanglei , Zhang Zhaoyun , Ma Junpeng , Lv Kai , Chen Shuiquan , Qu Zhi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Multiple active mining faces and extensive excavations under thick-hard strata in deep coal mines result in frequent strong mine earthquakes, often accompanied by significant surface subsidence deformation. Understanding the specific law of surface movement and the spatiotemporal distribution response to intense mine earthquakes is crucial for effectively preventing and mitigating dynamic disasters in deep mines. Utilizing the key layer theory, the intricate strata of the Yingpanhao Coal Mine are systematically delineated, drawing upon the engineering context of working faces 2201 and 2202 within the Ordos Chemical Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of the Shandong Energy Group. Field investigations are conducted to analyze the law of surface subsidence associated with multi-working face extraction within deep thick-hard strata, as well as to elucidate the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of strong mine earthquakes. Furthermore, the interplay between law of surface subsidence and the spatial distribution of strong mine earthquakes is investigated, revealing a cohesive relationship between these phenomena. The research findings of this study provide certain references for the pre-control of surface subsidence and strong mine earthquakes during multiple working face and large space mining under thick-hard strata in deep coal mine with similar engineering geological conditions.
Antimicrobial activities of Lippia javanica from Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: ASOWATA-AYODELE ABIOLA MOJISOLA , OLOWOLAJU EZEKIEL 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Lippia javanica is an aromatic plants with several biological active compounds including the essential oils. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil extract from the fresh and dried leaves of Lippia javanica was validated.
Methods
The essential oil was extracted from fresh and dried leaves and the composition were identified using GC-MS. The brine shrimp lethality test was used to assess the toxicity of the oils. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the plant extracts were determined on bacteria and fungi strains. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the data among the plant fractions at 0.05% alpha level.
Results
The essential oils obtained from the fresh and dried leaves of Lippia javanica have similar chemical composition with most documented reports on other Lippia species. Nineteen active compounds were found to be present in all test oils of Lippia javanica. No significant variations between the aromatic profiles of the fresh and dried leaves, but the extracted oil yielded more in the dried leaves than the fresh leaves (2.7%: 0.7%). The brine shrimp assay of the essential oils extracted from both fresh and dried leaves of Lippia javanica showed LC50 values of 35.7 and 48.7 µg/mL. The oils exhibited a concentration dependent toxicity against brine shrimp. Lippia javanica shows more antibacterial and antifungal potency than the control drug.
Conclusion
Based on this study, it can be inferred that the essential oil obtained from the leaves of Lippia javanica are less toxic and have high antimicrobial potency.
Lethal mediastinal emphysema caused by inhalation of PQ: A case report
Authors: Tang Qing , Xu JIaqi , Wang Hao , Wang Lijun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper reports on a 22-year-old male presenting with persistent chest pain accompanied by mediastinal emphysema. We firstly considered mediastinal emphysema induced by community-associated pnehumonia. Pathogen detection was performed but no positive results were found. Based on the results of a subsequent lung CT scan, PQ poisoning was suspected. Although there was no trace of PQ in the blood, the nebulizer masks used by patient at home was found to be positive for PQ. The diagnosis was ultimately established as PQ poisoning via inhalation with mediastinal emphysema. This case report explores the clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and treatment complexities of inhaled PQ poisoning, emphasizing the importance of recognizing this rare poisoning route and its atypical symptoms.
Safety of 3D image-guided navigated screw placement in pelvic ring fractures: A consecutive case series.
Authors: Timmer R.A. , Zwaal P. van der , Meylaerts S.A.G. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Conventional 2D fluoroscopy-based screw fixation of pelvic ring fractures has high screw misplacement rates and can be technically challenging. Implementation of 3D image-guidance is presumed to simplify screw placement and improve procedural safety. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of 3D image-guided navigation in screw fixation of pelvic ring fractures.
Methods
A consecutive case series including all patients undergoing 3D CT-guided screw fixation of pelvic ring fractures between 2019–2022 was conducted. Primary study endpoints were screw misplacement, neurological complications and surgical site infections. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics.
Results
A total of 90 consecutive patients (180 screws) were included, with 120 transsacral- transiliac screws (TSTI) and 60 sacral-iliac (SI) screws used for posterior fixation, 5 retrograde transpubic screws placed for anterior fixation, and 23 antegrade screws placed into the superior rami. For two patients (2.7%) post-operative cannulated screw misplacements were observed, and one neurological complication due to screw misplacement occurred.
Conclusions
The result of the current study shows that 3D-image CT-guided navigation provides excellent safety, with minimal screw misplacements and minimal neurological complications due to screw misplacement.
Trial registration:
retrospectively registered
Soft Tissue Infection Caused by Mycolicibacter kumamotonensis in Ohio with No Known Exposures Abroad
Authors: Baumgard Zachary , Horn Cody , Patten Eric 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Mycolicibacter kumamotonensis is a very rare non-tuberculosis mycobacteria that has only been isolated a handful of times. Typically, it has been described as a respiratory infection, however is has been seen as a soft tissue infection once in the past. This case follows an occurrence of Mycolicibacter kumamotonensis soft tissue infection that was found in the United States and follows an individual with no known travelling history.
Methods
This case reports follows the clinical treatment plan of an infection was found after the patient developed dactylitis and AFB culture was performed after tenosynovectomy.
Results
The patient was started on a 3 drug regiment including a macrolide, rifampin, and ethambutol. The patient was initially doing well, however did need another surgical intervention due to concern for median nerve neurolysis. Moxifloxacin was added to the treatment plan at that time.
Conclusion
Further characterization of Mycolibacter Kumamotonensis is required in order to help with work up and management of this organism.
Epidemiology of Human Adenovirus-Associated Acute Respiratory Infections in Children
Authors: Abdullahi khalid Mohamoud , Ali Ahmed Faisal , Li Wei , Wang Binghan , Guo Yajun , shu Qiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Human adenovirus (HAdV) is highly prevalent in children and associated with various diseases. Monitoring of the spread of HAdV species is crucial in many aspects (e.g. genomic surveillance).
Methods:
A total of 596 throat swabs were collected from pediatric patients diagnosed with acute respiratory tract infection in the outpatient department from July 2021 to January 2022. HAdV was detected using a real-time PCR method. HAdV hexon genes were amplified by PCR, sequenced, then analyzed, and compared with the public hexon genes of HAdV using a basic local alignment search tool (BLAST). Multiple sequence alignments were performed using ClustalW (DNASTAR 7). Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using the IQ-TREE. Statistical analysis was performed in the IBM SPSS Statistics.
Results:
52 (51.5%) males and 49 (48.5%) females tested positive for HAdV. The difference between the sexes was not significant. 82 HAdV-positive cases (81.2%) were below the age of six. The detection rate was not significant among various age groups. 80 patients (80.8%) were diagnosed with upper respiratory tract infection, 15 patients (15.2%) with bronchitis, 3 patients (3.0%) with gastroenteritis, and 1 patient (1.0%) with pneumonia. There was no statistically significant difference among different diagnoses.
Exploring the associations of gut microbiota with inflammatory and the early hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage: From variations to potential therapeutic targets
Authors: Jiang Haixiao , Zeng Wei , Zhang Xiaoli , Cao Demao , Peng Aijun , Zhu Fei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Alterations in the intestinal flora composition can influence host inflammation, metabolism, and immune response. Although a great deal of research has explored the possibility of a systemic inflammatory response and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota after an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the relationships between gut microbiota and blood inflammatory parameters as well as their role in the hematoma expansion following an early-stage mild-to-moderate ICH (emICH) remain unknown. In addition to examining microbiological indicators and underlying treatment targets, this study analyzes these changes and associations in order to predict and prevent hematoma expansion after emICH.
Methods
A total of 100 participants were enrolled, comprising 70 emICH patients (30 with hematoma expansion and 40 with non-hematoma expansion, i.e., HE and NE groups) and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Utilizing 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we examined the gut microbiota community in the HE group and investigated its associations with blood inflammatory parameters.
Results
Our results revealed significantly reduced microbial ecosystem richness and evenness in the HE group compared to the HC and NE groups. Substantial changes in the structure of the gut microbiota were seen in the emICH group, particularly in HE. These changes included a rise in the number of gram-negative pro-inflammatory bacteria and a decline in the level of probiotic bacteria. We also identified significant positive correlations between HE-enriched bacteria and systemic inflammatory levels. Several microbial biomarkers (such as Escherichia_Shigella, Enterobacter, and Porphyromonas) were revealed in differentiating HE from HC and NE. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis unveiled dysregulations in fundamental physiological pathways, particularly inflammatory response (such as Toll-like receptor signaling pathway), within the HE group.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that emICH patients, particularly those with HE, exhibit distinct host-microbe interactions in comparison to healthy controls. We deduced that emICH could rapidly trigger the dysbiosis of intestinal flora, and the disturbed microbiota could, in turn, exacerbate inflammatory response and increase the risk of hematoma expansion. Our comprehensive findings, indicate the potential of intestinal flora as a predictive tool, emphasizing its significance as a preventive target for HE.