bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Autonomic and Repolarization Investigation of Sudden Cardiac Death in Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Controls
Authors: Pezawas Thomas , Diedrich André , Winker Robert , Robertson David , Richter Bernhard , Wang Li , Byrne Daniel W. , Schmidinger Herwig 
Published: September 2014

Background—
Prophylactic defibrillator implantation is recommended in dilated, nonischemic heart disease and left ventricular ejection fraction of ≤0.30 to 0.35. Noninvasive testing should improve accuracy in decision making of prophylactic defibrillator implantation.

Methods and Results—

We enrolled 60 patients (median age, 57 years) with dilated cardiomyopathy and left ventricular ejection fraction ≤0.50, and 30 control subjects (median age, 59 years) with left ventricular ejection fraction >0.50. The protocol included an initial assessment, a second assessment after 3 years, and a final follow-up: pharmacological baroreflex testing (baroreceptor reflex sensitivity), short-term spectral analysis of heart rate variability (low frequency/high frequency), and long-term time domain analysis (SD of all normal-to-normal R–R intervals), exercise microvolt T wave alternans, and signal-averaged ECG, and corrected QT-time. The median follow-up was 7 years. End points were cardiac death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, and arrhythmic death. Cardiac death was observed in 21 patients. Resuscitated cardiac arrest and arrhythmic death caused by ventricular tachyarrhythmias ≥240 per minute was observed in 7 and 10 patients, respectively. In the single time point analysis, microvolt T wave alternans, baroreceptor reflex sensitivity, and SD of all normal-to-normal R–R intervals at initial testing added significant information regarding cardiac death. Microvolt T wave alternans added information on resuscitated cardiac arrest or arrhythmic death at multiple time points (
P
<0.001). False-negative microvolt T wave alternans results were seen in 8% of patients.

Conclusions—
Noninvasive testing and left ventricular ejection fraction could not reliably identify patients with dilated cardiomyopathy at risk of fatal ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Therefore, the strategy to confine prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation to patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and severely reduced LV function should be reconsidered.
Early Referral for Ablation of Scar-Related Ventricular Tachycardia Is Associated With Improved Acute and Long-Term Outcomes
Authors: Dinov Borislav , Arya Arash , Bertagnolli Livio , Schirripa Valentina , Schoene Katharina , Sommer Philipp , Bollmann Andreas , Rolf Sascha , Hindricks Gerhard 
Published: September 2014

Background—
The effects of time to referral for catheter ablation (CA) of scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT) on acute success, VT recurrence, and cardiac mortality are unclear.

Methods and Results—

We investigated 300 patients after CA of sustained VT. CA was performed within 30 days after the first documented VT in 75 (25%) patients (group 1), between 1 month and 1 year in 84 (28%) patients (group 2), and >1 year after the first VT occurrence in 141 (47%) patients (group 3). The end points were noninducibility of any VT after CA (acute success), VT recurrence and cardiac mortality after 2 years. Acute success was achieved in 66 (88%) patients in group 1, 68 (81%) in group 2, and in 99 (70.2%) in group 3 (
P
=0.008). During the 2-year follow-up period, VT recurred in 28 (37.3%) patients in group 1, 52 (61.9%) patients in group 2, and 91 (64.5%) patients in group 3 (
P
<0.0001). Recurrence-free survival was higher in group 1, as compared with group 2 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.85;
P
=0.009) and group 3 (HR, 2.04;
P
=0.001). No survival difference was observed between groups 1 and 2 (HR, 0.85;
P
=0.68) and groups 1 and 3 (HR, 1.13;
P
=0.73). β-blocker therapy, VT of ischemic origin, and complete success were associated with VT-free survival. VT recurrence (HR, 1.91;
P
=0.037) predicted cardiac mortality.

Conclusions—
CA of scar-related VT performed within 30 days after the first documented VT was associated with improved acute and long-term success. VT recurrence, but not the early referral for CA, was associated with cardiovascular mortality.
Description of Amplimerlinius uramanatiensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Merliniidae) and observations on three other species of the genus from Iran
Authors: GHADERI REZA , KAREGAR AKBAR 
Published: September 2014

A new species of the genus Amplimerlinius is described and illustrated from the rhizosphere of Vitis sp. from Kurdistan province in western Iran. A. uramanatiensis sp. n. is characterized by having seven to eight head annuli up to the end of the outer extension of the cephalic framework, 29–31 µm long stylet and cylindrical-clavate tail with a thin hyaline region (9–11 µm) and smooth terminus. Furthermore, A. paraglobigerus and A. macrurus were identified and intra-specific variability of A. globigerus was studied in detail, based on 21 populations collected from different regions of Iran. A key and diagnostic compendium to the species of the genus is provided.
Pseudovertical Temperature Profiles in a Broad Valley from Lines of Temperature Sensors on Sidewalls
Authors: Whiteman C. David , Hoch Sebastian W. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPseudovertical temperature “soundings” from lines of inexpensive temperature sensors on the sidewalls of Utah’s Salt Lake valley are compared with contemporaneous radiosonde soundings from the north, open end of the valley. Morning [0415 mountain standard time (MST)] soundings are colder, and afternoon (1615 MST) soundings are warmer than radiosonde soundings because of warm and cold boundary layers that form over the slopes. Cross-valley temperature differences occur between east- and west-facing sidewalls because of differing insolation. Differences in vertically averaged pseudovertical and radiosonde temperatures are generally within 1°C, with a standard deviation of 2°–3°C. The pseudovertical soundings are especially good proxies for radiosondes in winter. The sounding comparisons identified along-valley differences in temperature, inversion depth, and lapse rate that have led to hypotheses concerning their causes, to be evaluated with future research. The low cost and much better time resolution of the pseudovertical soundings suggest that such lines will be a useful supplement to valley radiosondes and will have significant operational advantages if available in real time. Lines of surface-based sensors will prove useful in identifying intravalley meteorological differences and may be used to estimate free-air temperature structure in other valleys where radiosondes are unavailable.
Testing the Performance of Tropical Cyclone Genesis Indices in Future Climates Using the HiRAM Model
Authors: Camargo Suzana J. , Tippett Michael K. , Sobel Adam H. , Vecchi Gabriel A. , Zhao Ming 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Tropical cyclone genesis indices (TCGIs) are functions of the large-scale environment that are designed to be proxies for the probability of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis. While the performance of TCGIs in the current climate can be assessed by direct comparison to TC observations, their ability to represent future TC activity based on projections of the large-scale environment cannot. Here the authors examine the performance of TCGIs in high-resolution atmospheric model simulations forced with sea surface temperatures (SST) of future, warmer climate scenarios. They investigate whether the TCGIs derived for the present climate can, when computed from large-scale fields taken from future climate simulations, capture the simulated global mean decreases in TC frequency. The TCGIs differ in their choice of environmental predictors, and several choices of predictors perform well in the present climate. However, some TCGIs that perform well in the present climate do not accurately reproduce the simulated future decrease in TC frequency. This decrease is captured when the humidity predictor is the column saturation deficit rather than relative humidity. Using saturation deficit with relative SST as the other thermodynamic predictor overpredicts the TC frequency decrease, while using potential intensity in place of relative SST as the other thermodynamic predictor gives a good prediction of the decrease’s magnitude. These positive results appear to depend on the spatial and seasonal patterns in the imposed SST changes; none of the indices capture correctly the frequency decrease in simulations with spatially uniform climate forcings, whether a globally uniform increase in SST of 2 K, or a doubling of CO2 with no change in SST.
Comparison of TMPA-3B42 Versions 6 and 7 Precipitation Products with Gauge-Based Data over India for the Southwest Monsoon Period
Authors: Prakash Satya , Mitra Ashis K. , Momin Imranali M. , Pai D. S. , Rajagopal E. N. , Basu S. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The upgraded version 7 (V7) of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) products is available to the user community. In this paper, two successive versions of the TMPA-3B42 research monitoring product, version 6 (V6) and V7, at the daily scale are evaluated over India during the southwest monsoon with gauge-based data for a 13-yr (1998–2010) period. Over typical monsoon rainfall zones, biases are improved by 5%–10% in V7 over the regions of higher rainfall like the west coast, northeastern, and central India. A similar reduced bias is seen in V7 over the rain-shadow region located in southeastern India. In terms of correlation, anomaly correlation, and RMSE, a marginal improvement is seen in V7. Additionally, in all-India summer monsoon rainfall amounts, mean, interannual values, and standard deviation show an overall improvement in V7. Different skill metrics over typical subregions within India show an improvement of the monsoon rainfall representation in V7. Rainfall frequency in different categories also indicates an overall improvement in V7 across all scales and subregions. Over central India regions associated with the monsoon transients, the sign of the bias has changed toward a positive bias. Even if the bias in the frequency of the occurrence of light rain has improved in V7, the values still show a large difference compared to observations. Though both V6 and V7 are able to represent the anomalous dry/wet regions during contrasting monsoon years, V7 shows some improvement in amplitude of those anomalies over V6. In general, V7 has considerably improved over V6 and will continue to be in demand from various sectors of observed rainfall data users.
Clinical Consensus Statement: Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Brietzke Scott E. , Shin Jennifer J. , Choi Sukgi , Lee Jivianne T. , Parikh Sanjay R. , Pena Maria , Prager Jeremy D. , Ramadan Hassan , Veling Maria , Corrigan Maureen , Rosenfeld Richard M. 
Published: October 2014

ObjectiveTo develop a clinical consensus statement on the optimal diagnosis and management of pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (PCRS).MethodsA representative 9‐member panel of otolaryngologists with no relevant conflicts of interest was assembled to consider opportunities to optimize the diagnosis and management of PCRS. A working definition of PCRS and the scope of pertinent otolaryngologic practice were first established. Patients of ages 6 months to 18 years without craniofacial syndromes or immunodeficiency were defined as the targeted population of interest. A modified Delphi method was then used to distill expert opinion into clinical statements that met a standardized definition of consensus.ResultsAfter 2 iterative Delphi method surveys, 22 statements met the standardized definition of consensus while 12 statements did not. Four statements were omitted due to redundancy. The clinical statements were grouped into 4 categories for presentation and discussion: (1) definition and diagnosis of PCRS, (2) medical treatment of PCRS, (3) adenoiditis/adenoidectomy, and (4) endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS)/turbinoplasty.ConclusionExpert panel consensus may provide helpful information for the otolaryngologist in the diagnosis and management of PCRS in uncomplicated pediatric patients.
Innate immune response of human pluripotent stem cell-derived airway epithelium
Authors: McIntyre Brendan AS , Kushwah Rahul , Mechael Rami , Shapovalova Zoya , Alev Cantas , Bhatia Mickie 
Published: September 2014

The acquisition of innate immune response is requisite to having bona fide differentiation of airway epithelium. Procedures developed to differentiate lung airway from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have demonstrated anecdotal evidence for innate immune response, but an in-depth exploration of response levels is lacking. Herein, using an established method of airway epithelial generation from hPSCs, we show that hPSC-derived epithelial cells are able to up-regulate expression of TNFα , IL8 and IL1β in response to challenge with bacterial endotoxin LPS, but lack response from genes associated with innate immune response in other cell types. Further, stimulation of cells with TNF-α resulted in auto-induction of TNFα transcript, as well as cytokine responses of IL8 and IL1β. The demonstration of innate immune induction in hPSC-derived airway epithelia gives further strength to the functionality of in vitro protocols aimed at generating differentiated airway cells that can potentially be used in a translational setting. Finally, we propose that innate immune challenge of airway epithelium from human pluripotent stem cell sources be used as a robust validation of functional in vitro differentiation.
Electronic cigarettes in mental health settings – solving a conundrum?
Authors: Ratschen Elena 
Published: October 2014

SummaryElectronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), have recently been the focus of much attention and debate. This article attempts to highlight their relevance and potential importance for mental health settings, with a focus on in-patient units. To do so, the complexities involved in smoking among people with mental disorder, the debate surrounding e-cigarettes, and their potential to be utilised as a smoking cessation or temporary abstinence aid in the context of smoke-free policies and new National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance for smoking cessation in mental health settings, will be discussed and synthesised below.
Synthesis of Spherical SiO2@TiO2 Core–Shell Nanoparticles with Anatase-Type Crystallinity and High Aqueous Dispersibility and Their Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Nakahara Yoshio , Hayashizaki Masahiro , Watanabe Mitsuru , Tamai Toshiyuki , Kimura Keiichi 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Up to date, the development of TiO2 nanoparticles with well-defined morphology, crystallinity, and high solvent dispersibility has been still a big challenge. In this study, monodisperse and spherical SiO2@TiO2 core–shell nanoparticles, whose diameter was 20.7 ± 2.7 nm, with anatase-type crystallinity and high aqueous dispersibility were fabricated by a simple and facile method combing a sol–gel reaction using tetrabutyl orthotitanate as a precursor in the presence of colloidal SiO2 nanoparticles and a very mild crystallization process of the TiO2 layer. Transmission electron microscope measurements showed that the size and shape of the obtained core–shell nanoparticles were considerably uniform. The anatase crystallinity of the TiO2 layer on the particle surface was endowed by heating at 100 °C in the acidic aqueous solution under atmospheric pressure. Also, they maintained high aqueous dispersibility even after the crystallization process. Most importantly, their photocatalytic ability towards methylene blue was comparable to that of commercially available pure TiO2 nanoparticles. The SiO2@TiO2 core–shell nanoparticles developed in this study are highly expected to be membranous materials for very thin TiO2 films due to their high aqueous dispersibility and shape homogeneity.
Distribuição e Densidade de Nasutitermes sp. (Isoptera: Termitidae) em Mata Ribeirinha do Rio Miranda, Pantanal Sul-Matogrossense, Brasil
Authors: Polatto Leandro Pereira , Alves-Junior Valter Vieira 
Published: September 2014

Resumo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a influência da densidade arbórea e da borda sobre a quantidade e o volume nidal dos ninhos arborícolas de Nasutitermes sp., bem como, verificar a dependência do tamanho desses ninhos e a sua região de fixação em relação à arquitetura arbórea. A coleta de dados foi realizada em outubro de 2005, em um trecho da mata ribeirinha do rio Miranda no Pantanal Miranda-Abobral, sendo feita amostragem da quantidade e volume nidal dos ninhos arborícolas de Nasutitermes sp. e verificado a densidade de árvores de dossel através do método de amostragem por parcelas ao longo de um gradiente de profundidade na mata. Outros valores de arquitetura arbórea em que o ninho servia de abrigo também foram analisados, utilizando-se o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, o teste de Kruskal-Wallis e o Qui-Quadrado. Dentre os resultados analisados, conclui-se que os ninhos arborícolas de Nasutitermes sp. não estão distribuídos ao acaso na mata. Mas sim, pode-se inferir que a quantidade e volume nidal, os locais de fixação, construção e desenvolvimento desses ninhos arborícolas na mata ribeirinha do rio Miranda sofrem interferência da estrutura arbórea da mata estudada.

Nasutitermes sp. (Isoptera: Termitidae) Distribution and Density in Riverine Forest of the River Miranda, Pantanal Sul-Matogrossense, Brazil.

Abstract. This work had as objectives to analyze the influence of the arboreal density and of the border on the amount and the volumetric mass of the arboreal nests of Nasutitermes sp., and to verify the dependence of the size of those nests and your fixation area in relation to the arboreal architecture. In October of 2005, in a space of the riverine forest of the river Miranda in the Pantanal of the Miranda-Abobral was accomplished the collection of data, being made sampling of the amount and volumetric mass of the arboreal nests of Nasutitermes sp., and verified the density of dossal trees through the sampling method for portions along a depth gradient in the forest. Other values of arboreal architecture in that the nest served as shelter were also analyzed, being used Spearman’s correlation coefficient, Kruskal-Wallis test and Chi-Square. Among the analyzed results, it is ended that the arboreal nests of Nasutitermes sp. are not maybe distributed to the in the forest. But yes, can be inferred that the amount and your volumetric masses, the fixation places, construction and development of those arboreal nests in the riverine forest of the river Miranda suffers interference of the arboreal structure of the studied forest.
Interações mutualísticas entre formigas e plantas
Authors: Dáttilo Wesley , Marques Elisabete da Costa , Falcão Jéssica Caroline de Faria , Moreira Denise Dolores de Oliveira 
Published: September 2014

O mutualismo entre formigas e plantas está entre as interações mais bem estudadas. Seu estudo vem sugerindo e testando hipóteses ecológicas e evolucionárias aplicáveis a muitas outras formas de mutualismo. A cada ano relações mais especializadas entre formigas e plantas são descobertas. Entre estas relações podemos mencionar a obtenção de abrigo e/ou alimento pela formiga, que implica no fornecimento de proteção a planta contra herbivoria, dispersão de suas sementes e, até, polinização de suas flores. Nesta revisão são discutidos os tipos de interações mutualísticas entre formigas e plantas existentes.
Mutualistics interactions between ants and plants
Abstract. The mutualism between ant and plants is the one of the more studied ecological relationships, and these studies have been suggesting and testing ecological and evolutionary hypothesis that can be applied to many other kinds of mutualism. Each year more specialized mutualism relationships between ants and plants are discovered. Among these relations we can mention the obtaining of shelter and / or food by the ant, witch implies in providing plant protection against herbivory, dispersal of seeds and even pollination of their flowers. In this review are discussed mutualistics types of interactions between ants and existing plants.
Descrição da larva de último estádio de Micrathyria pseudeximia Westfall (Odonata, Libellulidae)
Authors: Dalzochio Marina Schmidt 
Published: September 2014

A larva de último estádio de Micrathyria pseudeximia Westfall, 1992 é descrita e ilustrada a partir de material procedente de Cascavel, Paraná, Brasil. A caracterização do gênero com base nas larvas é ampliada.
Description of the Ultimate Stadium Larva of Micrathyria pseudeximia Westfall
(Odonata, Libellulidae).
Abstract. The larva of ultimate stadium of Micrathyria pseudeximia Westfall, 1992 is described and illustrated based on material collected in Cascavel Municipality, Paraná State, Brazil. The generic concept based on the larvae is amplified.
Descrição da larva de último estádio de Oxyagrion sulmatogrossense Costa, Souza & Santos (Odonata, Coenagrionidae)
Authors: Dalzochio Marina Schmidt , Rodrigues Marciel Élio 
Published: September 2014

A larva de último estádio de Oxyagrion sulmatogrossense Costa, Souza & Santos 2000 é descrita e ilustrada a partir de material procedente de Cascavel, Paraná, Brasil.
Description of the last instar larva of Oxyagrion sulmatogrossense Costa, Souza & Santos(Odonata, Coenagrionidae) Abstract. The last instar larva of Oxyagrion sulmatogrossense Costa, Souza & Santos 2000 is described and illustrated based on material collected in Cascavel Municipality, Paraná State, Brazil.
Famílias de Hymenoptera (Insecta) como ferramenta avaliadora da conservação de restingas no extremo sul do Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Eduardo Alves , Calheiros Filipe Neves , Carrasco Daiane Silveira , Zardo Cristina Maria Loyola 
Published: September 2014

Com o objetivo de estimar e comparar a diversidade e flutuação populacional das famílias de Hymenoptera em área de restinga foi realizado um levantamento faunístico em duas áreas de restinga com diferentes níveis de conservação. Foram coletados 5.518 himenópteros distribuídos em 30 famílias. Os picos populacionais na flutuação das famílias ocorreram no verão confirmando a alta correlação da temperatura com a distribuição das famílias. Constatou-se na restinga em sucessão maior riqueza, porém, com alta dominância, abrigando representantes dos três grupos ecológicos (antófilos, generalistas e parasitóides) em alta abundância. A restinga preservada, com 17 famílias, verificou-se mais diversa e homogênea, onde verificou-se maior abundância dos parasitóides, devido à maior estabilidade do sistema. A riqueza de famílias de Hymenoptera em áreas de restinga pode ser utilizada como parâmetro indicativo de qualidade ambiental, para este tipo de bioma.
Hymenoptera Families (Insecta) as Evaluation Tool of the Conservation of Sandbanks in Southern Brazil
Abstract. With aim to estimate and compare the diversity and population of the Hymenoptera families in a sandbank area was carried out a wildlife survey in two areas of sandbank with different levels of conservation. We collected 5 518 Hymenoptera distributed in 30 families. The peaks in the families fluctuation occurred in the summer confirmed the high correlation of temperature with the distribution of families. The sandbank in succession had the highest richness, however with high dominance, hosting representatives of the three ecological groups (anthophilous, generalists and parasitoids) in high abundance. The sandbank preserved, with 17 families, was more diverse and homogeneous, where the parasitoids showed greater abundance due to greater system stability. The richness of Hymenoptera families in sandbanks can be used as a parameter indicative of environmental quality.