bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional printing models improve understanding of spinal fracture—A randomized controlled study in China
Authors: Li Zhenzhu , Li Zefu , Xu Ruiyu , Li Meng , Li Jianmin , Liu Yongliang , Sui Dehua , Zhang Wensheng , Chen Zheng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThree-dimensional printing (3Dp) is being increasingly used in medical education. Although the use of such lifelike models is beneficial, well-powered, randomized studies supporting this statement are scarce. Two spinal fracture simulation models were generated by 3Dp. Altogether, 120 medical students (54.2% females) were randomized into three teaching module groups [two-dimensional computed tomography images (CT), 3D, or 3Dp] and asked to answer 10 key anatomical and 4 evaluative questions. Students in the 3Dp or 3D group performed significantly better than those in the CT group, although males in the 3D group scored higher than females. Students in the 3Dp group were the first to answer all questions and there were no sex-related differences. Pleasure, assistance, effect and confidence were more predominant in students in the 3Dp group than in those in the 3D and CT groups. This randomized study revealed that the 3Dp model markedly improved the identification of complex spinal fracture anatomy by medical students and was equally appreciated and comprehended by both sexes. Therefore, the lifelike fracture model made by 3Dp technology should be used as a means of premedical education.
Enhanced Evaporation Strength through Fast Water Permeation in Graphene-Oxide Deposition
Authors: Li Tong Wei , Ong Wee-Jun , Chai Siang-Piao , Tan Ming K. , Mun Hung Yew 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe unique characteristic of fast water permeation in laminated graphene oxide (GO) sheets has facilitated the development of ultrathin and ultrafast nanofiltration membranes. Here we report the application of fast water permeation property of immersed GO deposition for enhancing the performance of a GO/water nanofluid charged two-phase closed thermosyphon (TPCT). By benchmarking its performance against a silver oxide/water nanofluid charged TPCT, the enhancement of evaporation strength is found to be essentially attributed to the fast water permeation property of GO deposition instead of the enhanced surface wettability of the deposited layer. The expansion of interlayer distance between the graphitic planes of GO deposited layer enables intercalation of bilayer water for fast water permeation. The capillary force attributed to the frictionless interaction between the atomically smooth, hydrophobic carbon structures and the well-ordered hydrogen bonds of water molecules is sufficiently strong to overcome the gravitational force. As a result, a thin water film is formed on the GO deposited layers, inducing filmwise evaporation which is more effective than its interfacial counterpart, appreciably enhanced the overall performance of TPCT. This study paves the way for a promising start of employing the fast water permeation property of GO in thermal applications.
Frequency of alcohol consumption in humans; the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors and downstream signaling pathways
Authors: Meyers J L , Salling M C , Almli L M , Ratanatharathorn A , Uddin M , Galea S , Wildman D E , Aiello A E , Bradley B , Ressler K , Koenen K C 
Published: June 2015

AbstractRodent models implicate metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and downstream signaling pathways in addictive behaviors through metaplasticity. One way mGluRs can influence synaptic plasticity is by regulating the local translation of AMPA receptor trafficking proteins via eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2). However, genetic variation in this pathway has not been examined with human alcohol use phenotypes. Among a sample of adults living in Detroit, Michigan (Detroit Neighborhood Health Study; n=788; 83% African American), 206 genetic variants across the mGluR–eEF2–AMPAR pathway (including GRM1, GRM5, HOMER1, HOMER2, EEF2K, MTOR, EIF4E, EEF2, CAMK2A, ARC, GRIA1 and GRIA4) were found to predict number of drinking days per month (corrected P-value <0.01) when considered as a set (set-based linear regression conducted in PLINK). In addition, a CpG site located in the 3′-untranslated region on the north shore of EEF2 (cg12255298) was hypermethylated in those who drank more frequently (P<0.05). Importantly, the association between several genetic variants within the mGluR–eEF2–AMPAR pathway and alcohol use behavior (i.e., consumption and alcohol-related problems) replicated in the Grady Trauma Project (GTP), an independent sample of adults living in Atlanta, Georgia (n=1034; 95% African American), including individual variants in GRM1, GRM5, EEF2, MTOR, GRIA1, GRIA4 and HOMER2 (P<0.05). Gene-based analyses conducted in the GTP indicated that GRM1 (empirical P<0.05) and EEF2 (empirical P<0.01) withstood multiple test corrections and predicted increased alcohol consumption and related problems. In conclusion, insights from rodent studies enabled the identification of novel human alcohol candidate genes within the mGluR–eEF2–AMPAR pathway.
Listener Perception of Monopitch, Naturalness, and Intelligibility for Speakers With Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Anand Supraja , Stepp Cara E. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
Given the potential significance of speech naturalness to functional and social rehabilitation outcomes, the objective of this study was to examine the effect of listener perceptions of monopitch on speech naturalness and intelligibility in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Method
Two short utterances were extracted from monologue samples of 16 speakers with PD and 5 age-matched adults without PD. Sixteen listeners evaluated these stimuli for monopitch, speech naturalness and intelligibility using the visual sort and rate method.

Results
Naïve listeners can reliably judge monopitch, speech naturalness, and intelligibility with minimal familiarization. While monopitch and speech intelligibility were only moderately correlated, monopitch and speech naturalness were highly correlated.

Conclusions
A great deal of attention is currently being paid to improvement of vocal loudness and thus speech intelligibility in PD. Our findings suggest that prosodic characteristics such as monopitch should be explored as adjuncts to this treatment of dysarthria in PD. Development of such prosodic treatments may enhance speech naturalness and thus improve quality of life.
Fast dichotomic supervised I/Q imbalance compensation algorithm
Authors: Pons J.‐F. , Dehaese N. , Bourdel S. , Gaubert J. , Paille B. 
Published: June 2015

A fast I/Q imbalance compensation algorithm is presented. It is demonstrated through MATLAB simulations that with a few samples an image‐to‐signal ratio (ISR) lower than −25 dB was achieved. On the basis of digital processing of the received signal, this algorithm is compliant with low‐cost and low‐complexity wireless receivers because it does not require extra time and resources for calibration. Moreover, its fast convergence allows reaching a high enough image rejection ratio by adapting the compensation weight during the reception of a known preamble such as defined by the IEEE 802.15.4 or the Bluetooth low energy standards.
Integrated, systems metabolic picture of acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation by
Clostridium acetobutylicum
Authors: Liao Chen , Seo Seung-Oh , Celik Venhar , Liu Huaiwei , Kong Wentao , Wang Yi , Blaschek Hans , Jin Yong-Su , Lu Ting 
Published: June 2015

Significance
This work elucidates the interdependence of gene regulation, metabolism, and environmental cues during clostridial acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation. It also demonstrates the necessity of the integrative view for quantitative understanding of that complex process. Therefore, this work advances our fundamental knowledge concerning ABE fermentation. In addition, the work provides a quantitative tool for generating new hypotheses and for guiding strain design and protocol optimization, which facilitates the development of next-generation biofuels. More broadly, by using ABE fermentation as an example, the work further sheds light on systems biology toward an integrated and quantitative understanding of complex microbial physiology.
Theta–gamma coordination between anterior cingulate and prefrontal cortex indexes correct attention shifts
Authors: Voloh Benjamin , Valiante Taufik A. , Everling Stefan , Womelsdorf Thilo 
Published: June 2015

Significance
During flexible goal-directed behavior, our frontal cortex coordinates goal-relevant information from widely distributed neuronal systems to prioritize the relevant over irrelevant information. This coordination may be realized by entraining multiple distributed systems with slow activity oscillation to phase-align their local fast oscillatory activity. We analyzed this spatially distributed oscillatory coupling in macaques during actual attentional stimulus selection. We identified that successful—but not failed—selection of relevant information followed the coupling of slow and fast frequencies at narrow oscillation phases, with interareal anatomical specificity, and based on a reset mechanism for the slow oscillation. These findings suggest a specific functional and mechanistic solution to the fundamental coordination problem in primate brains.
Generating new prions by targeted mutation or segment duplication
Authors: Paul Kacy R. , Hendrich Connor G. , Waechter Aubrey , Harman Madison R. , Ross Eric D. 
Published: June 2015

Significance
Prions are self-propagating protein aggregates. We designed rational mutations in four nonprion proteins to examine possible mechanisms for how new prions could evolve. In each case, a small number of mutations were sufficient to cause the proteins to aggregate and, in two cases, to create prion activity. We likewise showed that simply creating tandem repeats of aggregation-prone segments within nonprion proteins can be sufficient to create prion activity, suggesting that such segment duplication may represent a mechanism for generation of new prion domains.
Human population dynamics in Europe over the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Tallavaara Miikka , Luoto Miska , Korhonen Natalia , Järvinen Heikki , Seppä Heikki 
Published: June 2015

Significance
Despite its importance for understanding genetic, cultural, and linguistic evolution, prehistoric human population history has remained difficult to reconstruct. We show that the dynamics of the human population in Europe from 30,000 to 13,000 y ago can be simulated using ethnographic and paleoclimate data within the climate envelope modeling approach. Correspondence between the population simulation and archaeological data suggests that population dynamics were indeed driven by major climate fluctuations, with population size varying between 130,000 and 410,000 people. Although climate has been an important determinant of human population dynamics, the climatic conditions during the last glacial were not as harsh as is often presented, because even during the coldest phases, the climatically suitable area for humans covered 36% of Europe.
Structural insights into the recognition of cisplatin and AAF-dG lesion by Rad14 (XPA)
Authors: Koch Sandra C. , Kuper Jochen , Gasteiger Karola L. , Simon Nina , Strasser Ralf , Eisen David , Geiger Simon , Schneider Sabine , Kisker Caroline , Carell Thomas 
Published: June 2015

Significance
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a versatile repair machinery able to protect organisms from DNA damage. Defective NER leads to diseases like xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). XPA is a central NER protein that interacts with DNA in an unknown fashion. Here we present two crystal structures of the yeast homolog of XPA, Rad14, in complex with two NER substrate lesions. Rad14 binds to the damaged DNA from both sides of the lesion. Binding creates a sharp kink of the duplex by 70°. Each protein inserts a hairpin loop into the duplex to induce partial melting around the lesion. The structures provide insight into the mechanism of how XPA binds to kinked and lesion-containing DNA.
Disruption of prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 impairs urinary concentration via decreasing aquaporin 2 in renal collecting ducts
Authors: Gao Min , Cao Rong , Du Shengnan , Jia Xiao , Zheng Senfeng , Huang Shizheng , Han Qifei , Liu Jia , Zhang Xiaoyan , Miao Yifei , Kang Jihong , Gustafsson Jan-Åke , Guan Youfei 
Published: June 2015

Significance
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) plays an important role in maintaining water and sodium homeostasis via its four membrane-associated receptors including EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4. This study uncovers a unique role for the EP4 receptor in controlling urine volume independent of antidiuretic hormone (arginine vasopressin). EP4 activation increases collecting duct aquaporin 2 (AQP2) expression in a cAMP/cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB)-dependent manner and promotes its membrane sorting via the cAMP/protein kinase A and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways. The ability of EP4 to increase AQP2 membrane targeting and cellular abundance makes it a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of clinical disorders including acquired and congenital diabetes insipidus.
Single-molecule imaging of Hedgehog pathway protein Smoothened in primary cilia reveals binding events regulated by Patched1
Authors: Milenkovic Ljiljana , Weiss Lucien E. , Yoon Joshua , Roth Theodore L. , Su YouRong S. , Sahl Steffen J. , Scott Matthew P. , Moerner W. E. 
Published: June 2015

Significance
In vertebrates, the transmembrane protein Smoothened (Smo) accumulates in the ciliary membrane when cells receive the Hedgehog (Hh) signal. The presence of Smo in primary cilia at baseline conditions has been postulated, but not directly observed. We used highly sensitive single-molecule imaging in live cells to track and analyze the dynamics of individual Smo molecules in cilia, not only after treatment with pathway agonists but also at low, baseline levels. In both conditions, Smo molecules bind at distinct sites at the bases of cilia, but with different dissociation constants. The results provide mechanistic insight into the Hh signal transduction and highlight the distinct compartmentalization of Smo behavior within cilia, which is normally masked by the bulk distribution in ensemble measurements.
DNA polymerase from temperate phage Bam35 is endowed with processive polymerization and abasic sites translesion synthesis capacity
Authors: Berjón-Otero Mónica , Villar Laurentino , de Vega Miguel , Salas Margarita , Redrejo-Rodríguez Modesto 
Published: June 2015

Significance
Functional classification of DNA polymerases (DNAPs) usually divides them into replicative faithful replicases and error-prone enzymes devoted to DNA repair and DNA damage tolerance through translesion synthesis (TLS). When we analyzed the biochemical properties of phage Bam35 replicative DNAP, we found it to be a highly faithful DNAP that can couple strand displacement to processive DNA synthesis, suitable for rolling circle amplification of plasmidic DNA. Interestingly, it is also endowed with intrinsic TLS capacity opposite abasic sites and processive primer extension beyond the lesion. These features configure a versatile enzyme for accurate maintenance of viral genomic information over generations and, besides, to deal with DNA lesions, which suggest a possible application of Bam35 DNAP for the amplification of damaged or ancient DNA.
Philosophy and ethics of animal use and consumption: from Pythagoras to Bentham.
Authors: Rauw W. M. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The human population is projected to rise to 9.15 billion people by 2050, resulting in a projected increase in meat consumption. However, at the same time, the dominant position of meat as the centre of meals is on the decline, resulting in an increasing number of vegetarians and flexitarians in some Western countries. There are several motivations for this trend, including religious, health, moral and environmental considerations. Many of the arguments that are very alive today in the debate follow from those proposed by ancient philosophers and scientists. The aim of this review is to review the ethics of animal use and consumption from the old Greek philosophers (Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Alcmaeon, Anaxagoras, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Diogenes, Theophrastus, the Stoics, the Pyrrhonian Skeptics, Plutarch and the Phoenician philosopher Porphyry), the early Christians and the Middle Ages, and the Renaissance, to the seventeenth and eighteenth century (Evelyn, Tryon, Descartes, Malebranche, De La Mettrie, Kant, Spinoza and Bentham).
Resveratrol derivative-rich melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) seed extract improves obesity and survival of C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet
Authors: Ikuta Tomoki , Saito Shinichiro , Tani Hiroko , Tatefuji Tomoki , Hashimoto Ken 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) seed extracts (MSEs) are rich in resveratrol dimers (gnemonoside A, C, D, gnetin C), trans-resveratrol, and other resveratrol derivatives. trans-Resveratrol is a widely studied caloric restriction mimetic. In mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD), trans-resveratrol protects against obesity, type 2 diabetes, and premature death. Here, treatment of HFD-fed mice with 2.0% MSE significantly reduced body weight gain (p &lt; 0.001), blood insulin (p &lt; 0.01), and HOMA-IR (p &lt; 0.05) after 8 weeks compared with untreated HFD-fed mice. Additionally, 0.2% MSE treatment of HFD-fed mice significantly improved physiological activity (p &lt; 0.05) at 18 months of age and reduced risk of death due to HFD by 25% (hazard ratio = 0.75, p = 0.036). These data show that MSE can improve several aspects of metabolic syndrome and survival in mice and may have health benefits as a dietary supplement.
Forna (force-directed RNA): Simple and effective online RNA secondary structure diagrams
Authors: Kerpedjiev Peter , Hammer Stefan , Hofacker Ivo L. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Motivation: The secondary structure of RNA is integral to the variety of functions it carries out in the cell and its depiction allows researchers to develop hypotheses about which nucleotides and base pairs are functionally relevant. Current approaches to visualizing secondary structure provide an adequate platform for the conversion of static text-based representations to 2D images, but are limited in their offer of interactivity as well as their ability to display larger structures, multiple structures and pseudoknotted structures.
Results: In this article, we present forna, a web-based tool for displaying RNA secondary structure which allows users to easily convert sequences and secondary structures to clean, concise and customizable visualizations. It supports, among other features, the simultaneous visualization of multiple structures, the display of pseudoknotted structures, the interactive editing of the displayed structures, and the automatic generation of secondary structure diagrams from PDB files. It requires no software installation apart from a modern web browser.
Availability and implementation: The web interface of forna is available at http://rna.tbi.univie.ac.at/forna while the source code is available on github at www.github.com/pkerpedjiev/forna.
Contact: pkerp@tbi.univie.ac.at
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Is the literature on content analysis of intellectual capital reporting heading towards a dead end?
Authors: Goebel Viktoria 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to respond to the call by Dumay and Cai (2014) for new ideas to enhance intellectual capital (IC) research. One possibility is to draw conclusions on comparability across the results of prior studies. This study investigates whether the results of prior IC content analyses are comparable despite differences in their IC research frameworks.

Design/methodology/approach
– A content analysis of 428 German management reports is conducted, capturing the IC reporting scores for individual IC items to investigate the role of certain widely used IC items. The relationships of IC scores for different combinations of widely used IC items are further examined in a correlation analysis to indicate comparability of prior results.

Findings
– The findings show that widely used IC items capture the majority of IC reporting and that the IC scores for different combinations of these IC items are highly correlated. These findings indicate that the results of prior IC content analyses are comparable as long as most of the widely used IC items are included in prior IC research frameworks.

Research limitations/implications
– The study contributes to IC reporting research as it shows that conclusions can be drawn across prior studies in meta-analyses because the results of prior studies are comparable in rankings and key findings.

Originality/value
– Although content analyses of IC reporting have been previously criticised, this study seminally questions the comparability of the results of prior studies due to differences in the IC research frameworks.
Exploring intellectual capital disclosure as a mediator for the relationship between IPO firm-specific characteristics and underpricing
Authors: Too Shaw Warn , Wan Yusoff Wan Fadzilah 
Published: June 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the direct and indirect impact of firm-specific characteristics on the level of underpricing among Malaysian initial public offerings (IPOs).Design/methodology/approach– Content analysis of IPO prospectuses was used for 331 firms underwent listing between 2002 and 2008. The extent of disclosure was computed by applying the disclosure index of Bukhet al.(2005).Findings– Of the five firm characteristics examined, there is a direct relationship between the firm’s financial performance and the level of foreign activity, and the level of underpricing, instead of being mediated through disclosure. However, some firm characteristics have direct influence on the extent of disclosure but do not have any influence on underpricing.Research limitations/implications– This empirical study concentrates on the Malaysian IPOs on a single disclosure mechanism. Other disclosure items can be examined together with the intellectual capital disclosure items.Practical implications– As the findings reveal that the extent of disclosure is relatively low in influencing the level of underpricing. Had the disclosure been higher, it may have some influence on underpricing. The accounting governance board need to regulate the disclosures of the intangible resources so that the level of underpricing can be minimized.Originality/value– This study provides new insight for the examination of direct and indirect (through disclosure) association between firm-specific characteristics and underpricing. The findings shed some lights to the IPO issuers to enhance disclosure so that the cost of capital can be reduced.