bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Ankle Taping on Ankle Joint Kinematics During Walking on Level Ground
Authors: Choukou Mohamed-Amine , Hijazi Samia 
Published: August 2013

Prescriptions for functional ankle instability are generally oriented to taping, which need to be validated as an efficient treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of ankle taping on the subject’s foot pressure and gait pattern, including mediolateral analysis, according to tape application side. A sample of 20 right-handed healthy subjects volunteered to participate in this study, which was composed of 3 taping conditions: “with taping of the right ankle,” “with taping of both ankles,” and “with taping of the left ankle.” Participants were asked to perform a walk on the walkway to get 2 footprints repeated 6 times. The variables measured were step length, step duration, double stance, and swing. The results clearly showed significant change in step duration and double phase when tape was applied to the left ankle, F(2, 54) = 12.03; P < .05. Significant changes were also observed for step length and swing when tape was applied to the both ankles, F(2, 54) = 10.71; P < .05]. This study showed that double stance and swing phase duration increases, and that the pressure is equalized on both feet when taping the unstable ankle. Taping a functionally unstable ankle is more likely to improve its stability. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic Level II: Prospective comparative trial
Skin Demarcation and Amputation Level for Foot Gangrene Following Meningococcal Septicemia
Authors: Singh Dishan , Swann Amanda 
Published: August 2013

A case report of a 55-year-old woman who was being considered for bilateral below knee or Syme’s amputations after gangrene at the level of both forefeet due to meningococcal septicaemia is described. An expectant approach for 6 months revealed that the tissues deep to the necrotic skin were viable and she was subsequently able to mobilize independently with normal footwear after bilateral toe amputations at the metatarsophalangeal joint levels. This case and a literature review suggest that the demarcation of healthy skin from necrotic skin (eschar) should not dictate the level of amputation in dry gangrene of the foot following meningococcal septicemia. Magnetic resonance imaging can overestimate the degree of muscle necrosis. Treatment should be individualized for each patient, but advice should include the option of prolonged conservative treatment to preserve limb length and function. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case study
From structure topology to chemical composition. XIV. Titanium silicates: refinement of the crystal structure and revision of the chemical formula of mosandrite, (Ca3REE)[(H2O)2Ca0.5□0.5]Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)2, a Group-I mineral from the Saga mine, Morje, Porsgrunn, Norway
Authors: Sokolova E. , Hawthorne F. C. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe crystal structure of mosandrite, ideally (Ca3REE)[(H2O)2Ca0.5☐0.5]Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)2, from the Saga mine, Morje, Porsgrunn, Norway, has been refined as two components related by the TWIN matrix (0 0, 00, 1 0 1):a7.4222(3),b5.6178(2),c18.7232(7) Å, β 101.4226(6)°,V= 765.23(9) Å3, space group P21/c, Dcalc.= 3.361 g.cm–3,R1= 3.69% using 1347 observed (Fo> 4σF) reflections. The empirical formula of mosandrite (EMPA) was calculated on the basis of 4 Si a.p.f.u., with H2O determined from structure refinement: [(Ca2.89Ba0.01)Σ2.90(Ce0.39La0.18Nd0.14Sm0.02Gd0.03Y0.16Th0.03)Σ1.01Zr0.09]Σ4[(H2O)2.00Ca0.32Na0.17Al0.10Mn0.04Fe2+0.02☐0.35]Σ3(Ti0.87Nb0.09Zr0.04)Σ1(Si2O7)2[(OH)1.54F0.46]Σ2[(H2O)1.50F0.50]Σ2,Z= 2. The crystal structure of mosandrite is a framework of TS (titanium silicate) blocks; each TS block consists of HOH sheets (H-heteropolyhedral, O-octahedral). In the TS block, there are five fully occupied cation sites, two [4]-coordinatedSisites with <Si–O> 1.623 Å , [7]-coordinatedMHandAPsites occupied by Ca andREEin the ratio ∼3:1, and one [6]-coordinated Ti-dominantMO(1) site. There are two H2O-dominant H2O-alkali-cation sites. The partly occupiedMO(2) site has composition [(H2O)0.5☐0.33Na0.17], ideally [(H2O)0.5☐0.5] p.f.u. TheMO(3) site has ideal composition [(H2O)1.5Ca0.5] p.f.u. In the O sheet, theXOMandXOAanion sites have compositions [(OH)1.54F0.46] (XOM) and [(H2O)1.50F0.50] (XOA), ideally (OH)2and (H2O)2p.f.u. The MHand APpolyhedra and Si2O7groups constitute the H sheet that is completely ordered. In the O sheet,MO(1) octahedra are long-range ordered whereas H2O and OH groups and alkali cations Na and Ca are long-range disordered. Two SRO (short-range ordered) arrangements have been proposed for the O sheet: (1) Na [MO(2)], Ca2[MO(3)] and F4[XOMandXOAanion sites]; (2) 2 H2O [MO(2)] andMO(3)] and (OH)2and (H2O)2[XOMandXOA]. Linkage of H and O sheets occurs mainly via common vertices of MHpolyhedra and Si2O7groups andMO(1) octahedra. Two adjacent TS blocks are related by the glide planecy. Mosandrite is an H2O- and OH-bearing Na- and Ca-depleted analogue of rinkite, ideally (Ca3REE)Na(NaCa) Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F2. Mosandrite and rinkite are related by the following substitution at theMO(2,3) andXO(M,A)sites in the O sheet:M[(H2O)2+ ☐0.5] +X[(OH)–2+ (H2O)2] ↔M[Na+2+ Ca2+0.5] +X[(OF)3–+ (F2)2–].
Joteite, Ca2CuAl[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2(OH)2·5H2O, a new arsenate with a sheet structure and unconnected acid arsenate groups
Authors: Kampf A. R. , Mills S. J. , Housley R. M. , Rossman G. R. , Nash B. P. , Dini M. , Jenkins R. A. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractJoteite (IMA2012-091), Ca2CuAl[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2(OH)2·5H2O, is a new mineral from the Jote mine, Tierra Amarilla, Copiapó Province, Atacama, Chile. The mineral is a late-stage, low-temperature, secondary mineral occurring with conichalcite, mansfieldite, pharmacoalumite, pharmacosiderite and scorodite in narrow seams and vughs in the oxidized upper portion of a hydrothermal sulfide vein hosted by volcanoclastic rocks. Crystals occur as sky-blue to greenish-blue thin blades, flattened and twinned on {001}, up to ~300 μm in length, and exhibiting the forms {001}, {010}, {10}, {20} and {111}. The blades are commonly intergrown in wheat-sheaf-like bundles, less commonly in sprays, and sometimes aggregated as dense crusts and cavity linings. The mineral is transparent and has a very pale blue streak and vitreous lustre. The Mohs hardness is estimated at 2 to 3, the tenacity is brittle, and the fracture is curved. It has one perfect cleavage on {001}. The calculated density based on the empirical formula is 3.056 g/cm3. It is optically biaxial (–) with α = 1.634(1), β = 1.644(1), γ = 1.651(1) (white light), 2Vmeas= 78(2)° and 2Vcalc= 79.4°. The mineral exhibits weak dispersion,r < v. The optical orientation isX≈c*;Y≈b*. The pleochroism isZ(greenish blue) >Y(pale greenish blue) >X(colourless). The normalized electron-microprobe analyses (average of 5) provided: CaO 15.70, CuO 11.22, Al2O38.32, As2O546.62, H2O 18.14 (structure), total 100 wt.%. The empirical formula (based on 19 O a.p.f.u.) is: Ca1.98Cu1.00Al1.15As2.87H14.24O19. The mineral is slowly soluble in cold, concentrated HCl. Joteite is triclinic,P, with the cell parameters:a= 6.0530(2),b= 10.2329(3),c= 12.9112(4) Å,α= 87.572(2),β= 78.480(2), γ = 78.697(2)°,V= 768.40(4) Å3andZ= 2. The eight strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are [dobsÅ(I)(hkl)]: 12.76(100)(001), 5.009(23)(020), 4.206(26)(120,003,121), 3.92(24)(022,02,02), 3.40(25)(13), 3.233(19)(031,023,123,03), 2.97(132,201) and 2.91(15)(22,13). In the structure of joteite (R1= 7.72% for 6003Fo> 4σF), AsO4and AsO3(OH) tetrahedra, AlO6octahedra and Cu2+O5square pyramids share corners to form sheets parallel to {001}. In addition, 7- and 8-coordinate Ca polyhedra link to the periphery of the sheets yielding thick slabs. Between the slabs are unconnected AsO3(OH) tetrahedra, which link the slabs only via hydrogen bonding. The Raman spectrum shows features consistent with OH and/or H2O in multiple structural environments. The region between the slabs may host excess Al in place of some As.
Irinarassite Ca3Sn2SiAl2O12 – new garnet from the Upper Chegem Caldera, Northern Caucasus, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia
Authors: Galuskina I. O. , Galuskin E. V. , Prusik K. , Gazeev V. M. , Pertsev N. N. , Dzierżanowski P. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIrinarassite, Ca3Sn2SiAl2O12, a new mineral species of the garnet supergroup was discovered in metasomatically altered carbonate-silicate xenoliths in ignimbrites of the Upper Chegem Caldera, Northern Caucasus, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia. It occurs as small zones and irregular spots in kimzeyite-kerimasite or rarely as single crystals not exceeding 10 μm in size, within complex pseudomorphs after zircon. Lakargiite, tazheranite, baddeleyite, kerimasite, kimzeyite, baghdadite and rarely magnesioferrite are associated with irinarassite in the pseudomorphs which are confined to larnite-cuspidine zones immediately adjoining the ignimbrite. Larnite, cuspidine, rondorfite, fluor- and hydroxylellestadite, fluorite and secondary minerals such as ettringite, hillebrandite and bultfonteinite are associated with irinarassite. Irinarassite is pale brown to yellow colour. The mineral is characterized by the absence of cleavage and by an irregular fracture. The calculated density is 4.3 g cm–1. The mineral is isotropic with a calculated refractive index of 1.9. The empirical crystal chemical formula of irinarassite from the holotype specimen is as follows (Ca2.965Fe2+0.035)Σ3(Sn1.016Zr0.410Ti0.262Sb5+0.237Fe2+0.035U6+0.017Sc0.014Hf0.006Nb0.004)Σ2.001(Al1.386Fe3+0.804Si0.446Ti4+0.364)Σ3O12. Electron backscatter diffraction patterns of irinarassite are fitted to the garnet model with a = 12.50(3) Å with excellent MAD (mean angular deviation) = 0.16°. The Raman spectrum of irinarassite is analogous to those of kerimasite and other Zr-Sn-garnets of the schorlomite and bitikleite groups.
Alpha particle damage in biotite characterized by microfocus X-ray diffraction and Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Pattrick R. A. D. , Charnock J. M. , Geraki T. , Mosselmans J. F. W. , Pearce C. I. , Pimblott S. , Droop G. T. R. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractCombined microfocus XAS and XRD analysis of α-particle radiation damage haloes around thorium-containing monazite in Fe-rich biotite reveals changes in both short- and long-range order. The total α-particles flux derived from the Th and U in the monazite over 1.8 Ga was 0.022 α particles per atomic component of the monazite and this caused increasing amounts of structural damage as the monazite emitter is approached. Short-range order disruption revealed by Fe K-edge EXAFS is manifest by a high variability in Fe–Fe bond lengths and a marked decrease in coordination number. XANES examination of the Fe K-edge shows a decrease in energy of the main absorption by up to 1 eV, revealing reduction of the Fe3+ components of the biotite by interaction with the 24He2+, the result of low and thermal energy electrons produced by the cascade of electron collisions. Changes in d spacings in the XRD patterns reveal the development of polycrystallinity and new domains of damaged biotite structure with evidence of displaced atoms due to ionization interactions and nuclear collisions. The damage in biotite is considered to have been facilitated by destruction of OH groups by radiolysis and the development of Frenkel pairs causing an increase in the trioctahedral layer distances and contraction within the trioctahedral layers. The large amount of radiation damage close to the monazite can be explained by examining the electronic stopping flux.
Prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection among young men and women in Spain
Authors: Fernández-Benítez Carlos , Mejuto-López Patricia , Otero-Guerra Luis , Margolles-Martins Mario Juan , Suárez-Leiva Pilar , Vazquez Fernando ,   Chlamydial Primary Care Group
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Background
There are no accurate data regarding the real prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Spain. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis infections and the risk factors for acquiring them among 1,048 young (15–24 years old) inhabitants of Laviana.

Methods
The study was completed in the period between 1st November 2010 and 31st December 2011. We conducted a capture strategy in the whole population, instead of only in a sample group, with a capture conducted in schools, in the local health centre, by post and by phone as a last resort. The design was based on the model used by Shafer to increase screening rates. C. trachomatis was identified by RT-PCR in urine samples.

Results
A total of 487 sexually active people underwent the test, which implies a response rate of 59.8% of the sexually active people (target population). The prevalence was 4.1% (CI 95%: 3.1-5.8): women: 4% ( CI 95%; 2.8-6.4) and men: 4.3% (CI 95%: 2.9-7.2). The circulating genotype was the E genotype. There was an increase in the risk of C. trachomatis infection when barrier contraceptives were not routinely used OR: 4.76 (CI 95%:1.30-17.36) p<0.05.

Conclusions
In our study the prevalence in women resembles those found in other countries in Europe and the prevalence in men is similar to that in women. Screening for C. trachomatis infection in women would be cost-effective in Spain given the prevalence of C. trachomatis measured by this study. The use of a condom is the best preventative measure for avoiding STIs in sexually active people.
Work-related violence and inconsistent condom use with non-paying partners among female sex workers in Adama City, Ethiopia
Authors: Mooney Alyssa , Kidanu Aklilu , Bradley Heather M , Kumoji Evelyn Kuor , Kennedy Caitlin E , Kerrigan Deanna 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundAlthough reported condom use between female sex workers and their clients is high in Ethiopia, condom use with regular, non-paying partners remains low, posing a substantial risk of HIV infection to sex workers, their partners and the general population. Previous studies have identified the synergistic effects of substance abuse, violence and HIV risk, but few have examined these inter-relationships among female sex workers and their regular, non-paying partners. This study explored the associations between work-related violence, alcohol abuse and inconsistent condom use among establishment-based female sex workers and their regular, non-paying partners in Adama City, Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted with 350 establishment-based female sex workers, aged 15–35, at 63 bars, hotels and nightclubs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to test the association between work-related violence and condom use with regular, non-paying partners, controlling for age, overall income, education and sex workers’ total number of sexual partners in the past week. Alcohol abuse was explored as an effect modifier.ResultsRespondents reported a high prevalence of work-related violence (59%) and alcohol abuse (51%). Work-related violence was statistically significantly associated with unprotected sex with regular, non-paying partners among those who abused alcohol (OR: 6.34, 95% CI: 2.43-16.56) and among those who did not (OR: 2.98, 95% CI: 1.36-6.54). Alcohol abuse was not associated with inconsistent condom use within these partnerships, though it may strengthen the effect of work-related violence on unprotected sex.ConclusionsFindings suggest violence against establishment-based female sex workers is associated with HIV risk within regular, non-paying partnerships. Qualitative work is needed to better understand the links between a violent work environment and condom use with regular, non-paying partners and how interventions can be implemented in this context to prevent violence against sex workers and reduce HIV transmission.
Physical activity and the rejuvenation of Connswater (PARC study): protocol for a natural experiment investigating the impact of urban regeneration on public health
Authors: Tully Mark A , Hunter Ruth F , McAneney Helen , Cupples Margaret E , Donnelly Michael , Ellis Geraint , Hutchinson George , Prior Lindsay , Stevenson Michael , Kee Frank 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Background
There is a dearth of evidence regarding the impact of urban regeneration projects on public health, particularly the nature and degree to which urban regeneration impacts upon health-related behaviour change. Natural experiment methodology enables comprehensive large-scale evaluations of such interventions. The Connswater Community Greenway in Belfast is a major urban regeneration project involving the development of a 9 km linear park, including the provision of new cycle paths and walkways. In addition to the environmental improvements, this complex intervention involves a number of programmes to promote physical activity in the regenerated area. The project affords a unique opportunity to investigate the public health impact of urban regeneration.

Methods/Design
The evaluation framework was informed by the socio-ecological model and guided by the RE-AIM Framework. Key components include: (1) a quasi-experimental before-and-after survey of the Greenway population (repeated cross-sectional design), in tandem with data from a parallel Northern Ireland-wide survey for comparison; (2) an assessment of changes in the local built environment and of walkability using geographic information systems; (3) semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of survey respondents, and a range of community stakeholders, before and after the regeneration project; and (4) a cost-effectiveness analysis. The primary outcome is change in proportion of individuals identified as being regularly physically active, according to the current UK recommendations. The RE-AIM Framework will be used to make an overall assessment of the impact of the Greenway on the physical activity behaviour of local residents.

Discussion
The Connswater Community Greenway provides a significant opportunity to achieve long-term, population level behaviour change. We argue that urban regeneration may be conceptualised meaningfully as a complex intervention comprising multiple components with the potential, individually and interactively, to affect the behaviour of a diverse population. The development and implementation of our comprehensive evaluation framework reflects this complexity and illuminates an approach to the empirical, rigorous evaluation of urban regeneration. More specifically, this study will add to the much needed evidence-base about the impact of urban regeneration on public health as well as having important implications for the development of natural experiment methodology.
Dysregulated methylation at imprinted genes in prostate tumor tissue detected by methylation microarray
Authors: Jacobs Daniel I , Mao Yingying , Fu Alan , Kelly William Kevin , Zhu Yong 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundImprinting is an important epigenetic regulator of gene expression that is often disrupted in cancer. While loss of imprinting (LOI) has been reported for two genes in prostate cancer (IGF2andTFPI2), disease-related changes in methylation across all imprinted gene regions has not been investigated.MethodsUsing an Illumina Infinium Methylation Assay, we analyzed methylation of 396 CpG sites in the promoter regions of 56 genes in a pooled sample of 12 pairs of prostate tumor and adjacent normal tissue. Selected LOI identified from the array was validated using the Sequenom EpiTYPER assay for individual samples and further confirmed by expression data from publicly available datasets.ResultsMethylation significantly increased in 52 sites and significantly decreased in 17 sites across 28 unique genes (P < 0.05), and the strongest evidence for loss of imprinting was demonstrated in tumor suppressor genesDLK1,PLAGL1,SLC22A18,TP73, andWT1. Differential expression of these five genes in prostate tumor versus normal tissue using array data from a publicly available database were consistent with the observed LOI patterns, andWT1hypermethylation was confirmed using quantitative DNA methylation analysis.ConclusionsTogether, these findings suggest a more widespread dysregulation of genetic imprinting in prostate cancer than previously reported and warrant further investigation.
Dual solutions of stagnation-point flow of a nanofluid over a stretching surface
Authors: Kameswaran Peri K , Sibanda Precious , RamReddy Chetteti , Murthy Prabhala VSN 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The paper discusses the effects of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions on stagnation-point flow of a nanofluid over a stretching or shrinking sheet. The model presented describes mass transfer in copper-water and silver-water nanofluids. The governing system of equations is solved numerically, and the study shows that dual solutions exist for certain suction/injection, stretching/shrinking and magnetic parameter values. Comparison of the numerical results is made with previously published results for special cases.
Functional Val66Met polymorphism of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in type 2 diabetes with depression in Han Chinese subjects
Authors: Zhou Jian-Xin , Li He-Chao , Bai Xue-Jun , Chang Bao-Cheng , Li Chun-Jun , Sun Pei , Chen Li-Ming 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of major depression. Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a high prevalence of major depression and low levels of BDNF. We therefore explored whether the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is associated with co-morbid depression and whether depression affects the serum levels of BDNF in a Han Chinese subjects with T2DM.MethodsA Total of 296 T2DM patients and 70 healthy volunteers (Health control, HC group) were recruited in this study. T2DM patients were divided into two subgroups: depressive diabetes group (DDM group, n = 64) and non-depressive diabetes group (NDDM group, n = 232), according to the presence or the absence of depression assessed by Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Val66Met polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP). Serum BDNF levels were measured by ELISA kit.ResultsIn this study, 21.6% (64/296) patients with T2DM had depression. The BDNF Val66Met genotype distributions were statistically different among the three groups (χ2 = 7.39, p < 0.05). DDM group carried the highest frequencies of Met allele (53.9%) compared to HC group (39.3%) and NDDM group (38.8%). Subjects with Met/Met had lowest serum BDNF levels (76.59 ± 5.12 pg/ml, F = 7.39, p < 0.05) compared to subjects with Val/Met (79.04 ± 5.19 pg/ml) and Val/Val (83.83 ± 3.97 pg/ml). Within T2DM group, it was also observed that the serum BDNF levels in DDM group were significantly lower than those in NDDM group (76.67 ± 5.35 vs. 79.84 ± 3.97 pg/ml, p < 0.05). In type 2 diabetes subjects, BDNF serum levels were significant correlations with genotypes (r = −0.346, p < 0.01), depression scores (r = −0.486, p < 0.01) and HbA1c (r = −0.168, p < 0.05). After adjustment for gender, HbA1c, BMI and numbers of complications, BDNF Val/Met genotype distributions (OR = 2.105, p < 0.05) and decreased serum BDNF levels (OR = 0.835, p < 0.01) were independently associated with depression in T2DM.ConclusionsThe BDNF Val66Met polymorphism might be implicated in the pathogenesis of depression in T2DM by decreasing serum BDNF levels in Han Chinese Subjects.