bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency and safety of thread implantology in the long term: data from a pathomorphological study
Authors: Serov D. N. , Kruglova M. S. 
Published: July 2024

The evolution of methods used in aesthetic medicine includes a transition to less invasive procedures with high safety and minimal recovery time. That is why numerous non-invasive methods for correcting involutive changes in facial skin (thread lifting, hardware techniques) have been studied for effectiveness and safety over the past decades. Such techniques can improve treatment results and avoid or delay surgical intervention.Material and methods. The work involved a pathomorphological study of material taken by biopsy at the sites of thread implantation and surrounding tissues (1 cm indentation) (Nano spring, Excellence Visage, Excellence Visage HA) within 12 months after thread lifting. Paraffin sections with a thickness of 5–7 microns were made from ready-made paraffin blocks and stained with: hematoxylin – eosin; according to the Weigert-Van Gieson method; Sirius Red paint. Using a microscope with a Sony digital photo attachment with a resolution of 12 megapixels, five photographs were taken from each histological specimen.Research results. As a result of a pathomorphological study of a flap of skin and subcutaneous fat with a synthetic thread in the adipose tissue, it was revealed that along the periphery of the studied material there was moderate chronic inflammation (giant cells of the type of foreign body cells, lymphocytes, fibroblasts) and weak fibrosis, as well as a predominance type I collagen in the skin, and type III collagen predominated in subcutaneous fat tissue.
On the suitability of additively manufactured gyroid structures and their potential use as intervertebral disk replacement - a feasibility study
Authors: Gross Valentin , Zankovic Sergej , Rolauffs Bernd , Velten Dirk , Schmal Hagen , Seidenstuecker Michael 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionIntervertebral disk degeneration is a growing problem in our society. The degeneration of the intervertebral disk leads to back pain and in some cases to a herniated disk. Advanced disk degeneration can be treated surgically with either a vertebral body fusion or a disk prosthesis. Vertebral body fusion is currently considered the gold standard of surgical therapy and is clearly superior to disk prosthesis based on the number of cases. The aim of this work was the 3D printing of Gyroid structures and the determination of their mechanical properties in a biomechanical feasibility study for possible use as an intervertebral disc prosthesis.Material and methodsCreo Parametric 6.0.6.0 was used to create models with various Gyroid properties. These were printed with the Original Prusa i3 MK3s+. Different flexible filaments (TPU FlexHard and TPU FlexMed, extrudr, Lauterach, Austria) were used to investigate the effects of the filament on the printing results and mechanical properties of the models. Characterization was carried out by means of microscopy and tension/compression testing on the universal testing machine.ResultsThe 3D prints with the FlexHard and FlexMid filament went without any problems. No printing errors were detected in the microscopy. The mechanical confined compression test resulted in force-deformation curves of the individual printed models. This showed that changing the Gyroid properties (increasing the wall thickness or density of the Gyroid) leads to changes in the force-deformation curves and thus to the mechanical properties.ConlcusionThe flexible filaments used in this work showed good print quality after the printing parameters were adjusted. The mechanical properties of the discs were also promising. The parameters Gyroid volume, wall thickness of the Gyroid and the outer wall played a decisive role for both FlexMed and FlexHard. All in all, the Gyroid structured discs (Ø 50 mm) made of TPU represent a promising approach with regard to intervertebral disc replacement. We would like to continue to pursue this approach in the future.
Effects of exercise training on growth and physiology of large-mouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) reared in a recirculating aquaculture system
Authors: Ji Mingdong , Li Haijun 
Published: July 2024

Large-mouth bass originally lived in rivers and lakes and now is often raised in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). However, the shortcoming of RAS is that there is very limited space for swimming fish in a high-density culture environment, thus leading to a lack of exercise. To investigate the effects of exercise training on growth performance, digestive enzymes, stress, and antioxidant capacity of large-mouth bass in a RAS, three training water flow velocities with three replicates were used in the present study: low water velocity: 0.5 body length per second (bl/s) (LV); medium water velocity: 1 bl/s (MV); and high water velocity: 1.5 bl/s (HV). 270 large-mouth bass (average initial body weight 47.51 ± 1.44 g, initial body length 12.71 ± 0.06 cm) were randomly divided into nine tanks (30 fish per tank). After 27 days experiment, the results showed that the growth performance of large-mouth bass, including feed intake, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate, in the HV group was significantly higher compared to the other groups. On the physiological level, the lipase and amylase activities were significantly increased in the HV group compared to the other groups. For the stress response parameters, the cortisol, glucose and lactate concentrations in the HV group were significantly increased, which may indicate higher stress in the HV group. Regarding the antioxidant enzyme activities, the activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in the LV group were significantly higher than those in the HV group, which indicated that fish suffered higher oxidative stress in the LV group. Regarding the immune-related parameters, LZM and ACP activities had no significant differences among the groups, while AKP activities in the MV and HV groups were significantly higher than that in the LV group. Overall, the results demonstrated that exercise training had significant effects on the growth, digestion, stress, and immune response of large-mouth bass. It is suggested that exercise training with 1.5 bl/s can enhance fish growth, however, it also presents a potential risk of inducing stress in fish. Therefore, in rearing large-mouth bass in RAS, the setting of water flow velocity should not only focus on the growth of large-mouth bass but also consider its welfare.
Unraveling the molecular landscape of lead-induced cochlear synaptopathy: a quantitative proteomics analysis
Authors: Bhatia Pankaj , Mehmood Shomaila , Doyon-Reale Nicole , Rosati Rita , Stemmer Paul M. , Jamesdaniel Samson 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionExposure to heavy metal lead can cause serious health effects such as developmental neurotoxicity in infants, cognitive impairment in children, and cardiovascular and nephrotoxic effects in adults. Hearing loss is one of the toxic effects induced by exposure to lead. Previous studies demonstrated that exposure to lead causes oxidative stress in the cochlea and disrupts ribbon synapses in the inner hair cells.MethodsThis study investigated the underlying mechanism by evaluating the changes in the abundance of cochlear synaptosomal proteins that accompany lead-induced cochlear synaptopathy and hearing loss in mice. Young-adult CBA/J mice were given lead acetate in drinking water for 28 days.ResultsLead exposure significantly increased the hearing thresholds, particularly at the higher frequencies in both male and female mice, but it did not affect the activity of outer hair cells or induce hair cell loss. However, lead exposure decreased wave-I amplitude, suggesting lead-induced cochlear synaptopathy. In agreement, colocalization of pre- and post-synaptic markers indicated that lead exposure decreased the number of paired synapses in the basal turn of the cochlea. Proteomics analysis indicated that lead exposure increased the abundance of 352 synaptic proteins and decreased the abundance of 394 synaptic proteins in the cochlea. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that proteins that change in abundance are highly enriched in the synaptic vesicle cycle pathway.DiscussionTogether, these results suggest that outer hair cells are not the primary target in lead-induced ototoxicity, that lead-induced cochlear synaptopathy is more pronounced in the basal turn of the cochlea, and that synaptic vesicle cycle signaling potentially plays a critical role in lead-induced cochlear synaptopathy.
Long-term efficacy, safety, and patient-reported outcomes of apitegromab in patients with spinal muscular atrophy: results from the 36-month TOPAZ study
Authors: Crawford Thomas O. , Day John W. , De Vivo Darryl C. , Krueger Jena M. , Mercuri Eugenio , Nascimento Andres , Pasternak Amy , Mazzone Elena Stacy , Duong Tina , Song Guochen , Marantz Jing L. , Baver Scott , Yu Dongzi , Liu Lan , Darras Basil T. 
Published: July 2024

Background and purposeAt 12 months in the phase 2 TOPAZ study, treatment with apitegromab was associated with both an improved motor function in patients with Type 2 or 3 spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and with a favorable safety profile. This manuscript reports the extended efficacy and safety in the nonambulatory group of the TOPAZ study at 36 months.MethodsPatients who completed the primary study (NCT03921528) could enroll in an open-label extension, during which patients received apitegromab 20 mg/kg by intravenous infusion every 4 weeks. Patients were assessed periodically via the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale–Expanded (HFMSE), Revised Upper Limb Module (RULM), World Health Organization (WHO) motor development milestones, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) Daily Activities and Mobility domains, and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Fatigue questionnaire.ResultsOf the 58 patients enrolled in TOPAZ, 35 were nonambulatory (mean age 7.3 years). The mean change at 36 months in HFMSE score from baseline was +4.0 (standard deviation [SD]: 7.54), and + 2.4 (3.24) for RULM score (excluding n = 7 after scoliosis surgery). Caregiver-reported outcomes (PEDI-CAT and PROMIS Fatigue) showed improvements from baseline over 36 months. In addition, most patients (28/32) improved or maintained WHO motor milestones achieved at baseline. The most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse events were pyrexia (48.6%), nasopharyngitis (45.7%), COVID-19 infection (40.0%), vomiting (40.0%), and upper respiratory tract infection (31.4%).ConclusionThe benefit of apitegromab treatment observed at 12 months was sustained at 36 months with no new safety findings.
Performance of simplified methods for quantification of [18F]NaF uptake in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
Authors: de Ruiter Ruben Daniel , Botman Esmée , Teunissen Bernd P. , Lammertsma Adriaan Anthonius , Boellaard Ronald , Raijmakers Pieter G. , Schwarte Lothar A. , Nieuwenhuijzen Jakko A. , Gonzalez Trotter Dinko , Eekhoff Elisabeth Marelise W. , Yaqub Maqsood 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundFibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP) is a rare, genetic disease in which heterotopic bone is formed in muscles, tendons and ligaments throughout the body. Disease progression is variable over time and between individuals. 18F-fluoride uptake in newly formed bone can be evaluated using [18F]NaF (i.e., sodiumfluoride) PET/CT, identifying active areas of bone formation in FOP. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of various semi-quantitative methods with full kinetic analysis.ResultsSeven patients (age range: 20–31 years) with FOP underwent dynamic [18F]NaF scans at baseline and after one year. [18F]NaF uptake was measured in aorta descendens, vertebrae, heterotopic bone lesions and metabolically active regions on PET, and quantified using nonlinear regression (NLR) analysis together with standardized uptake value (SUV) and target-to-blood ratio (TBR). SUV was on measured the 40–45 min frame of the dynamic sequence (SUV40–45) and on the subsequent static sweep (SUVStatic). Correlations between and SUV40–45 and NLR-derived Ki were comparable when normalized to body weight (r = 0.81, 95% CI 0.64–0.90), lean body mass (r = 0.79, 95% CI 0.61–0.89) and body surface area (r = 0.84, 95% CI 0.70–0.92). Correlation between TBR40–45 and NLR-derived Ki (r = 0.92, 95% CI 0.85–0.96) was higher than for SUV40–45. Correlation between TBR40–45 and NLR-derived Ki was similar at baseline and after one year (r = 0.93 and 0.94). The change in TBR40–45 between baseline measurement and after one year correlated best with the change in NLR-derived Ki in the PET-active lesions (r = 0.87).ConclusionThe present data supports the use of TBR for assessing fluoride uptake in PET-active lesions in FOP.Clinical trial registrationSub-study of the Lumina-1 trial (clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03188666, registered 13-06-2017).
Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease: result from NHANES, 2017-2020
Authors: Zhang Zhaofu , Wang Hao , Chen Youpeng 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe development of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been associated with lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and lipotoxicity. The Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) is a comprehensive score representing an individual intake of various dietary antioxidants, including vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, and carotenoids. This study investigated the association between CDAI and MASLD.Materials and methodsClinical and demographic data, as well as ultrasound transient elastography measurements at baseline, were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–2020 (NHANES 2017–2020). The controlled attenuation parameter was utilized to diagnose the presence of hepatic steatosis and to categorize individuals into those with and without MASLD. Liver stiffness was measured by ultrasound transient elastography, and subjects were classified as those with and without advanced liver fibrosis.ResultsThis study included 5,884 adults, of whom 3,433 were diagnosed with MASLD, resulting in a weighted prevalence of 57.3%. After adjusting for covariates, the odds ratios for MASLD were 0.96 (95% CI: 0.82, 1.12) in the second quartile, 0.80 (95% CI: 0.68, 0.95) in the third quartile and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.73) in the fourth quartile, respectively. CDAI, however, was not significantly associated with advanced liver fibrosis.ConclusionThese findings suggested that scores on the CDAI were linearly and negatively associated with the prevalence of MASLD in the United States adults.
Oculometric biomarkers of visuomotor deficits in clinically asymptomatic patients with systemic lupus erythematosus undergoing long-term hydroxychloroquine treatment
Authors: Berneshawi Andrew R. , Seyedmadani Kimia , Goel Rahul , Anderson Mark R. , Tyson Terence L. , Akay Yasmin M. , Akay Metin , Leung Loh-Shan B. , Stone Leland S. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThis study examines a set of oculomotor measurements, or “oculometric” biomarkers, as potential early indicators of visual and visuomotor deficits due to retinal toxicity in asymptomatic Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients on long-term hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) treatment. The aim is to identify subclinical functional impairments that are otherwise undetectable by standard clinical tests and to link them to structural retinal changes.MethodsWe measured oculomotor responses in a cohort of SLE patients on chronic HCQ therapy using a previously established behavioral task and analysis technique. We also examined the relationship between oculometrics, OCT measures of retinal thickness, and standard clinical perimetry measures of visual function in our patient group using Bivariate Pearson Correlation and a Linear Mixed-Effects Model (LMM).ResultsSignificant visual and visuomotor deficits were found in 12 asymptomatic SLE patients on long-term HCQ therapy compared to a cohort of 17 age-matched healthy controls. Notably, six oculometrics were significantly different. The median initial pursuit acceleration was 22%, steady-state pursuit gain 16%, proportion smooth 7%, and target speed responsiveness 31% lower, while catch-up saccade amplitude was 46% and fixation error 46% larger. Excluding the two patients with diagnosed mild toxicity, four oculometrics, all but fixation error and proportion smooth, remained significantly impaired compared to controls. Across our population of 12 patients (24 retinae), we found that pursuit latency, initial acceleration, steady-state gain, and fixation error were linearly related to retinal thickness even when age was accounted for, while standard measures of clinical function (Mean Deviation and Pattern Standard Deviation) were not.DiscussionOur data show that specific oculometrics are sensitive early biomarkers of functional deficits in SLE patients on HCQ that could be harnessed to assist in the early detection of HCQ-induced retinal toxicity and other visual pathologies, potentially providing early diagnostic value beyond standard visual field and OCT evaluations.
Open surgical excision vs. endoscopic radiofrequency ablation in managing congenital pyriform sinus fistula—a comprehensive analysis of 166 cases
Authors: Xu Mengrou , Chen Wei , Chen Jiarui , Li Xiaoyan 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundCongenital pyriform sinus fistula (CPSF) is uncommon congenital abnormality, and the optimal definitive treatment has not yet been established. The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate patients with CPSF regarding the indications and outcomes of treatment with open surgical excision (OSE) vs. endoscopic Radiofrequency Ablation (RA), and the advantages of both therapeutic procedures were also analyzed.MethodsAn observational, longitudinal, retrospective, analytical and comparative study was conducted on 166 consecutive pediatric patients with CPSF treated at Shanghai Children's Hospital between December 2018 and September 2023.ResultsIn this study, there were 79 males and 87 females. The median age at operation was 4.8 years (8 days to 15 years). OSE and Endoscopic RA were respectively performed in 48 and 118 children. The gastric tube retention time after RA was longer (3 days vs. 14 days) than after OSE. Patients with a history of incision and drainage (I&amp;D) tended to choose OSE (75.0% vs. 39.0%, P &lt; 0.01). There were no significant differences in postoperative complications and recurrence rates between these two groups (P &gt; 0.05), but the hospitalization duration was shorter for RA group compared to OSE group [2 (2–3) vs. 4 (3–5), P &lt; 0.01].ConclusionsBoth OSE and RA are recognized as first-line treatment options for CPSF, which show no significant differences in prognosis, except hospitalization duration and the gastric tube retention time. Nevertheless, the indications for OSE and RA differ, which are influenced by factors such as the inflammatory stage, specific typing, previous treatments, and the surgeon's expertise. The selection of surgical approach should be carefully determined based on individual circumstances.
Association between PER and CRY gene polymorphisms and the response to caffeine citrate treatment in infants with apnea of prematurity
Authors: Xie Jiang-Biao , Zhuang Wei , Zhu Yao , Zheng Zhi , Huang Yan-Ru , Ma Si-Min , Lin Xin-Zhu 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundCircadian rhythms impact metabolism and the therapeutic effects of drugs. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between PER and CRY polymorphisms and caffeine citrate treatment response in infants with apnea of prematurity.MethodsA total of 221 preterm infants of gestational age &lt;34 weeks were included in this study (160 in the response group and 61 in the non-response group). The propensity score matching method was used to perform a 1:1 matching for all premature infants, and the general characteristics and clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared. The association between polymorphisms of the circadian transcription repressors PER and CRY and caffeine citrate treatment response in infants with apnea of prematurity was analyzed with co-dominant, dominant, recessive, and over-dominant models, as well as analysis of alleles. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) analysis was used to analyze the interaction between the PER and CRY genes.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, 45 preterm infants were included in each of the response and non-response groups, and there were no statistically significant differences in general characteristics between the two groups (P &gt; 0.05). Infants in the non-response groups had a higher incidence of moderate and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (P = 0.043), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (P = 0.035), and invasive ventilation (P = 0.027), and their duration of oxygen use (P = 0.041) was longer. When corrected for false discovery rate, the PER3 rs228669 recessive model (PFDR = 0.045) and the over-dominant model (PFDR = 0.045) were both associated with caffeine citrate treatment response. Preterm infants with the rs228669 CC genotype had a significantly lower rate of caffeine citrate non-response in the recessive model (OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.12–0.66), which was significantly higher in preterm infants with the CT genotype in the over-dominant model (OR = 4.18, 95% CI = 1.64–10.66). GMDR analysis revealed an interaction between the PER and CRY genes (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsCircadian rhythms may play a role in the response of premature infants to caffeine citrate, and polymorphisms of the PER and CRY genes may influence the effectiveness of caffeine citrate treatment for apnea of prematurity.
A new crystalline daidzein-piperazine salt with enhanced solubility, permeability, and bioavailability
Authors: Meng Jiacheng , Qiu Chenxu , Lu Chenyue , He Xin , Zhao Xinghua 
Published: July 2024

To overcome the poor solubility, permeability, and bioavailability of the plant isoflavone daidzein (DAI), a novel salt of DAI with anhydrous piperazine (PIP) was obtained based on cocrystallization strategy. The new salt DAI-PIP was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and optical microscopy. The results showed that the maximum apparent solubility (Smax) of DAI-PIP increased by 7.27-fold and 1000-fold compared to DAI in pH 6.8 buffer and water, respectively. The peak apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of DAI-PIP in the Caco-2 cell model was 30.57 ± 1.08 × 10−6 cm/s, which was 34.08% higher than that of DAI. Additionally, compared to DAI, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) value of DAI-PIP in beagle dogs was approximately 4.3 times higher, and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-24) was approximately 2.4 times higher. This study provides a new strategy to enhance the dissolution performance and bioavailability of flavonoid drugs, laying a foundation for expanding their clinical applications.