bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DAS181 treatment of hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients with parainfluenza virus lung disease requiring mechanical ventilation
Authors: Chalkias S. , Mackenzie M.R. , Gay C. , Dooley C. , Marty F.M. , Moss R.B. , Li T. , Routh R.L. , Walsh S.R. , Tan C.S. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractParainfluenza infection is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients. DAS181 is a novel antiviral agent with activity against influenza and parainfluenza. We report the first 2 cases, to our knowledge, of successful DAS181 use in ventilated HSCT patients with severe parainfluenza lung disease.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus cereus LCT-BC25, Isolated from Space Flight
Authors: Zhang Xuelin , Wang Tong , Su Longxiang , Zhou Lisha , Li Tianzhi , Wang Junfeng , Liu Yan , Jiang Xuege , Wu Chunyan , Liu Changting 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT

Bacillus cereus
strain LCT-BC25, which was carried by the Shenzhou VIII spacecraft, traveled in space for about 398 h. To investigate the response of
B. cereus
to space environments, we determined the genome sequence of
B. cereus
strain LCT-BC25, which was isolated after space flight.
Complete Genome Sequences of
Lactobacillus
Phages J-1 and PL-1
Authors: Dieterle Maria Eugenia , Jacobs-Sera Deborah , Russell Daniel , Hatfull Graham , Piuri Mariana 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus
phages J-1 and PL-1 were isolated during the 1960s from abnormal fermentations of Yakult. The genomes are almost identical, but PL-1 has a deletion in the genetic switch region and also differs in a gene coding for a putative tail protein.
Migrants Examined for Determinants of psychopathology through INternet Assessment (MEDINA) study: a cross-sectional study among visitors of an Internet community
Authors: van de Beek Madelien Hermina , van der Krieke Lian , Schoevers Robert Anton 
Published: January 2014

IntroductionMigration is a risk factor for the onset of psychopathology. A range of social factors may play a role in the aetiology of psychiatric disorders in migrants. A better understanding of these associations is needed to develop preventive interventions to reduce the disease burden in the migrant population. Research among minority groups is generally time consuming and it is difficult to recruit participants. Internet can offer interesting new possibilities to conduct research among ethnic minorities. This article describes the design of an epidemiological study in the Moroccan-Dutch population, which will be entirely performed online. We investigate the association between social factors and psychopathology.Methods and analysisThe website Marokko.nl is visited by 70% of the young Moroccan-Dutch population in the Netherlands. This website therefore provides a unique possibility for research within this population. We will conduct a survey with online questionnaires via this website. The online survey consists of several validated short self-report questionnaires, measuring depressive and anxiety symptoms (The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10)), psychotic symptoms (The Prodromal Questionnaire-16 (PQ-16)) and instruments measuring discrimination, social support and social defeat. Furthermore, demographic characteristics are collected. We will use univariate and multivariate methods for analysing the data.Ethics and disseminationThe local medical ethical committee has assessed the study protocol and judged that the study could be conducted without their approval. Knowledge dissemination will take place through peer-reviewed publication in scientific journals as well as publication for participants on the project website.DiscussionIn this study we further explore the association between psychopathology and social factors within an online Moroccan-Dutch sample. The recruitment of participants via the website Marokko.nl creates a big advantage in collecting a large sample of a specific migrant population. Strengths and limitations of the methodology are discussed. Furthermore, we review the advantages and challenges of online epidemiological research methods.
Attitudes, risk of infection and behaviours in the operating room (the ARIBO Project): a prospective, cross-sectional study
Authors: Birgand Gabriel , Azevedo Christine , Toupet Gaelle , Pissard-Gibollet Roger , Grandbastien Bruno , Fleury Eric , Lucet Jean-Christophe 
Published: January 2014

IntroductionInappropriate staff behaviours can lead to environmental contamination in the operating room (OR) and subsequent surgical site infection (SSI). This study will focus on the continued assessment of OR staff behaviours using a motion tracking system and their impact on the SSI risk during surgical procedures.Methods and analysisThis multicentre prospective cross-sectional study will include 10 ORs of cardiac and orthopaedic surgery in 12 healthcare facilities (HCFs). The staff behaviour will be assessed by an objective, continued and prolonged quantification of movements within the OR. A motion tracking system including eight optical cameras (VICON-Bonita) will record the movements of reflective markers placed on the surgical caps/hoods of each person entering the room. Different configurations of markers positioning will be used to distinguish between the staff category. Doors opening will be observed by means of wireless inertial sensors fixed on the doors and synchronised with the motion tracking system. We will collect information on the OR staff, surgical procedures and surgical environment characteristics. The behavioural data obtained will be compared (1) to the ‘best behaviour rules’ in the OR, pre-established using a Delphi method and (2) to surrogates of the infectious risk represented by microbiological air counts, particle counts, and a bacteriological sample of the wound at closing. Statistics will be performed using univariate and multivariate analysis to adjust on the aerolic and architectural characteristics of the OR. A multilevel model will allow including surgical specialty and HCFs effects. Through this study, we will develop an original approach using high technology tools associated to data processing techniques to evaluate ‘automatically’ the behavioural dynamics of the OR staff and their impact on the SSI risk.Ethics and disseminationApprobation of the Institutional Review Board of Paris North Hospitals, Paris 7 University, AP-HP (no 11-113, 6 April 2012). The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, and national and international conference presentations.
Primary manual aspiration thrombectomy (MAT) for acute ischemic stroke: safety, feasibility and outcomes in 112 consecutive patients
Authors: Jankowitz Brian , Grandhi Ramesh , Horev Anat , Aghaebrahim Amin , Jadhav Ashutosh , Linares Guillermo , Jovin Tudor 
Published: January 2014

AimTo describe procedural aspects and clinical outcomes in a consecutive series of patients in whom manual aspiration thrombectomy (MAT) was performed as the first treatment modality with other techniques used only in case MAT did not yield recanalization.MethodsA retrospective review of a prospectively acquired acute stroke intervention database was performed. Primary MAT was carried out with a preference for the largest catheter considered to be trackable into the target occlusive lesion. The catheter was wedged into the thrombus followed by manual aspiration with a 20 ml syringe.Results112 consecutive patients were evaluated. The median age was 66 years and the median NIH Stroke Scale score was 17. Occlusion locations included the M1 (62%), M2 (8%), internal carotid artery terminus (19%) and the vertebrobasilar artery (11%). Patients with anterior occlusions had tandem extracranial/intracranial occlusive lesions in 18.7% Median time from symptom onset to groin puncture was 267 min, and from groin puncture to recanalization was 70 min. Successful recanalization (defined as Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) 2b/3) with primary MAT was 59% with a median of two passes. 41% of patients required the use of adjunctive therapy yielding an overall recanalization rate of TICI 2b/3 (86%) and TICI 3 (30.6%). Parenchymal hematoma of any type (PH1/PH2) was seen in 9.8% of patients, with symptomatic hemorrhage in 6%. Favorable outcomes (90-day modified Rankin Scale ≤2) were 46%. Mortality at 3 months was 31%. Primary MAT was associated with faster procedural times (mean 63 vs 97 min, p<0.0001) but not with higher rates of favorable outcomes.ConclusionsPrimary MAT is an alternative endovascular recanalization technique with reasonable first pass efficacy that will likely improve with technology and experience.
Integrin αvβ6 Promotes an Osteolytic Program in Cancer Cells by Upregulating MMP2
Authors: Dutta Anindita , Li Jing , Lu Huimin , Akech Jacqueline , Pratap Jitesh , Wang Tao , Zerlanko Brad J. , FitzGerald Thomas J. , Jiang Zhong , Birbe Ruth , Wixted John , Violette Shelia M. , Stein Janet L. , Stein Gary S. , Lian Jane B. , Languino Lucia R. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The molecular circuitries controlling osseous prostate metastasis are known to depend on the activity of multiple pathways, including integrin signaling. Here, we demonstrate that the αvβ6 integrin is upregulated in human prostate cancer bone metastasis. In prostate cancer cells, this integrin is a functionally active receptor for fibronectin and latency-associated peptide-TGF-β1; it mediates attachment and migration upon ligand binding and is localized in focal contacts. Given the propensity of prostate cancer cells to form bone metastatic lesions, we investigated whether the αvβ6 integrin promotes this type of metastasis. We show for the first time that αvβ6 selectively induces matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) in vitro in multiple prostate cancer cells and promotes osteolysis in vivo in an immunodeficient mouse model of bone metastasis through upregulation of MMP2, but not MMP9. The effect of αvβ6 on MMP2 expression and activity is independent of androgen receptor in the analyzed prostate cancer cells. Increased levels of parathyroid hormone–related protein (PTHrP), known to induce osteoclastogenesis, were also observed in αvβ6-expressing cells. However, by using MMP2 short hairpin RNA, we demonstrate that the αvβ6 effect on bone loss is due to upregulation of soluble MMP2 by the cancer cells, not due to changes in tumor growth rate. Another related αv-containing integrin, αvβ5, fails to show similar responses, underscoring the significance of αvβ6 activity. Overall, these mechanistic studies establish that expression of a single integrin, αvβ6, contributes to the cancer cell—mediated program of osteolysis by inducing matrix degradation through MMP2. Our results open new prospects for molecular therapy for metastatic bone disease. Cancer Res; 74(5); 1598–608. ©2014 AACR.
Association Between Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness: A Twin Study
Authors: Kulshreshtha Ambar , Goyal Abhinav , Veledar Emir , McClellan William , Judd Suzanne , Eufinger Silvia C. , Bremner J. Douglas , Goldberg Jack , Vaccarino Viola 
Published: January 2014

Background

The
A
merican
H
eart
A
ssociation (AHA) recently developed the Cardiovascular Health Index (
CVHI
), a health metric consisting of 7 modifiable risk factors. The relationship of the
CVHI
with preclinical markers, such as carotid intima‐media thickness (
CIMT
) has not been assessed.

Methods

We examined 490 male monozygotic and dizygotic twins without overt cardiovascular disease.
CIMT
was measured using B‐mode ultrasonography. Each of the 7
CVHI
components (blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, body mass index, physical activity, healthy diet, and smoking) was given a point score of 0, 1, or 2 to represent poor, intermediate, or ideal health, respectively. A
CVHI
summation score was computed (range 0 to 14) and categorized as inadequate (0 to 4), average (5 to 9), or optimum (10 to 14) cardiovascular health. Mixed‐model regression was used to examine the association of the
CVHI
with
CIMT
.

Results

The mean age of the twins was 55.4 years, and 61% were monozygotic. The mean
CIMT
was 0.75 (±0.11) mm and the mean
CVHI
score was 7.7 (±2.1). There was an inverse correlation between
CVHI
and
CIMT
(Spearman
r
=−0.22,
P
<0.01). For every 5‐unit increase in overall
CVHI
score (indicating better cardiovascular health category),
CIMT
decreased by 0.045 mm (
P
<0.001) after adjusting for demographic variables and other confounders. Within monozygotic twin pairs, a 5‐unit increment in
CVHI
score was associated with a 0.05 mm lower
CIMT
(
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

The
CVHI
is independently associated with
CIMT
and the association is not confounded by shared genetic and other familial factors.
Peroxiredoxin 5 (PRX5) Is Correlated Inversely to Systemic Markers of Inflammation in Acute Stroke
Authors: Kunze Allison , Zierath Dannielle , Tanzi Patricia , Cain Kevin , Becker Kyra 
Published: January 2014

Background and Purpose—
Peroxiredoxins are endogenous antioxidants that function as peroxide and peroxynitrite scavengers. Extracellular peroxiredoxins, however, are shown to initiate inflammation within the ischemic brain through activation of Toll-like receptors. Based on this observation, we hypothesized that plasma peroxiredoxin concentrations in ischemic stroke would correlate biomarkers of inflammation and predict poor outcome.

Methods—
In a prospective study of patients with ischemic stroke, plasma peroxiredoxin 5 (PRX5) concentrations and inflammatory biomarkers at day 3 after stroke onset were correlated and the association between PRX5 at day 3 and outcome at 3 months assessed.

Results—

PRX5 concentrations were available for 98 patients and were lower in those with more severe strokes (
P
=0.001). PRX5 was inversely correlated to biomarkers of inflammation at day 3 after stroke and did not predict 3-month outcome.

Conclusions—
Plasma PRX5 is decreased in severe stoke and inversely correlated to biomarkers of systemic inflammation. These data suggest that PRX5 is not a proinflammatory mediator in acute stroke. Moreover, the inverse relationship between PRX5 and stroke severity suggests that PRX5 is either consumed or its production is impaired in severe stroke. Further study is needed to define the potential role of PRX5 in stroke.
Weberbauerella chilensis (Fabaceae: Papilionoideae), a new species from the Atacama Desert, Chile
Authors: Saldivia Patricio , FAÚNDEZ LUIS 
Published: January 2014

A new legume species, Weberbauerella chilensis, from the Andean foothills in the Tarapacá region in Chile, is described and illustrated. This species represents the first record of the genus in Chile and the Southern Cone of South America and is the third species described for the genus. Weberbauerella chilensis resembles W. brongnartioides from Peru, but differs primarily in its smaller size, fewer leaflets and habitat conditions.
Evaluation of Seven Different Atmospheric Reanalysis Products in the Arctic*
Authors: Lindsay R. , Wensnahan M. , Schweiger A. , Zhang J. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Atmospheric reanalyses depend on a mix of observations and model forecasts. In data-sparse regions such as the Arctic, the reanalysis solution is more dependent on the model structure, assumptions, and data assimilation methods than in data-rich regions. Applications such as the forcing of ice–ocean models are sensitive to the errors in reanalyses. Seven reanalysis datasets for the Arctic region are compared over the 30-yr period 1981–2010: National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)–National Center for Atmospheric Research Reanalysis 1 (NCEP-R1) and NCEP–U.S. Department of Energy Reanalysis 2 (NCEP-R2), Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), Twentieth-Century Reanalysis (20CR), Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA), ECMWF Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim), and Japanese 25-year Reanalysis Project (JRA-25). Emphasis is placed on variables not observed directly including surface fluxes and precipitation and their trends. The monthly averaged surface temperatures, radiative fluxes, precipitation, and wind speed are compared to observed values to assess how well the reanalysis data solutions capture the seasonal cycles. Three models stand out as being more consistent with independent observations: CFSR, MERRA, and ERA-Interim. A coupled ice–ocean model is forced with four of the datasets to determine how estimates of the ice thickness compare to observed values for each forcing and how the total ice volume differs among the simulations. Significant differences in the correlation of the simulated ice thickness with submarine measurements were found, with the MERRA products giving the best correlation (R = 0.82). The trend in the total ice volume in September is greatest with MERRA (−4.1 × 103 km3 decade−1) and least with CFSR (−2.7 × 103 km3 decade−1).
Improving Climate Sensitivity of Deep Lakes within a Regional Climate Model and Its Impact on Simulated Climate
Authors: Bennington Val , Notaro Michael , Holman Kathleen D. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Regional climate models aim to improve local climate simulations by resolving topography, vegetation, and land use at a finer resolution than global climate models. Lakes, particularly large and deep lakes, are local features that significantly alter regional climate. The Hostetler lake model, a version of which is currently used in the Community Land Model, performs poorly in deep lakes when coupled to the regional climate of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) Regional Climate Model, version 4 (RegCM4). Within the default RegCM4 model, the lake fails to properly stratify, stifling the model’s ability to capture interannual variability in lake temperature and ice cover. Here, the authors improve modeled lake stratification and eddy diffusivity while correcting errors in the ice model. The resulting simulated lake shows improved stratification and interannual variability in lake ice and temperature. The lack of circulation and explicit mixing continues to stifle the model’s ability to simulate lake mixing events and variability in timing of stratification and destratification. The changes to modeled lake conditions alter seasonal means in sea level pressure, temperature, and low-level winds in the entire model domain, highlighting the importance of lake model selection and improvement for coupled simulations. Interestingly, changes to winter and spring snow cover and albedo impact spring warming. Unsurprisingly, regional climate variability is not significantly altered by an increase in lake temperature variability.
Improving the Simulation of the West African Monsoon Using the MIT Regional Climate Model
Authors: Im Eun-Soon , Gianotti Rebecca L. , Eltahir Elfatih A. B. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This paper presents an evaluation of the performance of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) regional climate model (MRCM) in simulating the West African monsoon. The MRCM is built on the Regional Climate Model, version 3 (RegCM3), but with several improvements, including coupling of Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) land surface scheme, a new surface albedo assignment method, new convective cloud and convective rainfall autoconversion schemes, and a modified scheme for simulating boundary layer height and boundary layer clouds. To investigate the impact of these more physically realistic representations when incorporated into MRCM, a series of experiments were carried out implementing two land surface schemes [IBIS with a new albedo assignment, and the Biosphere–Atmosphere Transfer Scheme (BATS)] and two convection schemes (Grell with the Fritsch–Chappell closure, and Emanuel in both the default form and modified with the new convective cloud cover and a rainfall autoconversion scheme). The analysis primarily focuses on comparing the rainfall characteristics, surface energy balance, and large-scale circulations against various observations. This work documents significant sensitivity in simulation of the West African monsoon to the choices of the land surface and convection schemes. Despite several deficiencies, the simulation with the combination of IBIS and the modified Emanuel scheme with the new convective cloud cover and a rainfall autoconversion scheme shows the best performance with respect to the spatial distribution of rainfall and the dynamics of the monsoon. The coupling of IBIS leads to representations of the surface energy balance and partitioning that show better agreement with observations compared to BATS. The IBIS simulations also reasonably reproduce the dynamical structures of the West African monsoon circulation.
Seasonal Forecasts of Australian Rainfall through Calibration and Bridging of Coupled GCM Outputs
Authors: Schepen Andrew , Wang Q. J. , Robertson David E. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Coupled general circulation models (GCMs) are increasingly being used to forecast seasonal rainfall, but forecast skill is still low for many regions. GCM forecasts suffer from systematic biases, and forecast probabilities derived from ensemble members are often statistically unreliable. Hence, it is necessary to postprocess GCM forecasts to improve skill and statistical reliability. In this study, the authors compare three methods of statistically postprocessing GCM output—calibration, bridging, and a combination of calibration and bridging—as ways to treat these problems and make use of multiple GCM outputs to increase the skill of Australian seasonal rainfall forecasts. Three calibration models are established using ensemble mean rainfall from three variants of the Predictive Ocean Atmosphere Model for Australia (POAMA) version M2.4 as predictors. Six bridging models are established using POAMA forecasts of seasonal climate indices as predictors. The calibration and bridging forecasts are merged through Bayesian model averaging. Forecast attributes including skill, sharpness, and reliability are assessed through a rigorous leave-three-years-out cross-validation procedure for forecasts of 1-month lead time. While there are overlaps in skill, there are regions and seasons where the calibration or bridging forecasts are uniquely skillful. The calibration forecasts are more skillful for January–March (JFM) to June–August (JJA). The bridging forecasts are more skillful for July–September (JAS) to December–February (DJF). Merging calibration and bridging forecasts retains, and in some seasons expands, the spatial coverage of positive skill achieved by the better of the calibration forecasts and bridging forecasts individually. The statistically postprocessed forecasts show improved reliability compared to the raw forecasts.