bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association of Foot Arch Posture and Prior History of Shoulder or Elbow Surgery in Elite-Level Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Feigenbaum Luis A. , Roach Kathryn E. , Kaplan Lee D. , Lesniak Bryson , Cunningham Sean 
Published: September 2013

Study Design Case-control. Objectives The specific aim of this study was to examine the association between abnormal foot arch postures and a history of shoulder or elbow surgery in baseball pitchers. Background Pitching a baseball generates forces throughout the musculoskeletal structures of the upper and lower limbs. Structures such as the longitudinal arch of the foot are adaptable to stresses over time. Repeated pitching-related stresses may contribute to acquiring abnormal foot arch postures. Inversely, congenitally abnormal foot arch posture may lead to altered stresses of the upper limb during pitching. Methods A convenience sample of 77 pitchers was recruited from a Division I university team and a professional baseball franchise. Subjects who had a history of shoulder or elbow surgery to the pitching arm were classified as cases. Subjects who met the criteria for classification of pes planus or pes cavus based on longitudinal arch angle were classified as having abnormal foot arch posture. Odds ratios were calculated to examine the association between abnormal foot arch posture and pitching-arm injury requiring surgery. Results Twenty-three subjects were classified as cases. The odds of being a case were 3.4 (95% confidence interval: 1.2, 9.6; P = .02) times greater for subjects with abnormal foot arch posture and 2.9 (95% confidence interval: 1.0, 8.1; P = .04) times greater for subjects with abnormal foot posture on the lunge leg. Conclusion Abnormal foot arch posture and a surgical history in the pitching shoulder or elbow may be associated. Because the foot and its arches are adaptable and change over time, the pathomechanics of this association should be further explored. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(11):814–820. Epub 9 September 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4504
Middle and Lower Trapezius Strengthening for the Management of Lateral Epicondylalgia: A Case Report
Authors: Bhatt Jiten B. , Glaser Randal , Chavez Andre , Yung Emmanuel 
Published: September 2013

Study Design Case report. Background Addressing weakness of the shoulder region, especially the rotator cuff and scapular musculature, is often suggested clinically for the treatment of individuals with lateral epicondylalgia. However, to our knowledge, the clinical effectiveness of this approach has not been established. Case Description The patient was a 54-year-old woman with a 5-month history of right lateral elbow pain, whose symptoms were reproduced with clinical tests typically used to diagnose lateral elbow tendinopathy. The patient also demonstrated weakness in her middle and lower trapezius muscles, and the medial border of her scapula, measured with a tape measure, was 11 cm lateral from the spinous processes of the thoracic spine with the patient standing in relaxed stance. Based on improved grip strength and reduced associated elbow pain when tested with the scapula manually corrected in a more adducted position, treatment focused solely on strengthening of the middle and lower trapezius muscles over a 10-week period. Outcomes Following the intervention, the patient presented with improved scapular position, with the medial border of the scapula being 9 cm lateral to the midthoracic spine. The patient's middle and lower trapezius strength improved from 3+/5 and 4−/5, respectively, to 5/5, and her grip strength from 26.1 to 42.2 kg. The patient's scores on the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire also improved from 44.2 at the initial evaluation to 0 at the completion of therapy, with the patient being able to perform all of her daily activities in a pain-free manner. Discussion The results of this case report suggest that assessment and treatment of scapular musculature warrant consideration in the management of individuals with lateral epicondylalgia. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(11):841–847. Epub 9 September 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4659
Does Quadriceps Atrophy Exist in Individuals With Patellofemoral Pain? A Systematic Literature Review With Meta-analysis
Authors: Giles Lachlan S. , Webster Kate E. , McClelland Jodie A. , Cook Jill 
Published: September 2013

Study Design Systematic literature review. Objectives To investigate whether quadriceps atrophy is present in the affected limb of individuals with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Background PFP is a common condition. Atrophy of the quadriceps femoris, in particular the vastus medialis obliquus, is often assumed to be present by clinicians, and its resolution may underpin the reported effectiveness of quadriceps strengthening intervention in PFP rehabilitation. Methods A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify studies that measured the size of the quadriceps in individuals with PFP. Meta-analyses were performed to determine whether quadriceps size in limbs with PFP differed from that in comparison limbs. Separate meta-analyses were performed for quadriceps size measured as girth and quadriceps size measured with imaging (thickness, cross-sectional area, and volume). Results Ten studies were included in this review. The meta-analysis of girth measurements (3 studies) found no atrophy in limbs with PFP (P = .638). The meta-analyses for imaging techniques (thickness, cross-sectional area, or volume measurements) showed atrophy in the limb with PFP compared to both the asymptomatic limb (3 studies) (P = .036) and limbs from a comparison group (3 studies) (P = .001). The single study that compared the vastus medialis obliquus and vastus lateralis in individuals with PFP found atrophy of both the vastus medialis obliquus and vastus lateralis but no significant difference in the amount of atrophy between them (P = .179). Conclusion Quadriceps muscle atrophy was shown to be present in PFP when analyzed by imaging, but not by girth measures. Insufficient data were available to determine if there was greater atrophy of the vastus medialis obliquus than the vastus lateralis. These findings support the rationale for use of quadriceps strengthening as part of a rehabilitation program for PFP. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(11):766–776. Epub 9 September 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4833
Author, Father, President: Paul Auster’s Figures of Invisibility
Authors: Benziman Galia 
Published: September 2013

Abstract: Since the mid-2000s, Paul Auster’s fiction has increasingly come to address topical issues. Man in the Dark (2008) is a post-9/11 work, whose plot evolves around the attack on the World Trade Center and George W. Bush’s controversial leadership. Yet, in this work, Auster also returns to several key themes that have preoccupied him since The Invention of Solitude (1982). When Man in the Dark’s symbolic and veiled return to these themes is examined, the novel’s political critique can be more richly understood within the context of the topoi of the father–son relationship and the construction/deconstruction of the self through writing.
Before Speech: An Interrogation of Trauma in Chang-rae Lee’sA Gesture Life
Authors: Motuz Alexis 
Published: September 2013

Abstract:In Chang-rae Lee’s A Gesture Life, the fragmented and atemporal narrative creates a novel in which much of what is communicated remains unwritten, woven instead into a narrative structure that mirrors the symptoms of the traumatized psyche and challenges readers to bear witness. As an example of trauma fiction, A Gesture Life exposes the roots of trauma in personal circumstances and as a social phenomenon, and sheds light on trauma’s roots in various forms of racism. Taking up David Eng and Shinhee Han’s “A Dialogue on Racial Melancholia,” this essay investigates why so many “minority” texts invoke trauma as their organizing frameworks and illustrates the importance of Lee’s novel in offering a valuable counter-narrative to official versions of history and to narratives of successful assimilation of diasporic subjects.
Neil Gaiman’s Lucifer: Reconsidering Milton’s Satan
Authors: Porter Adam 
Published: September 2013

Abstract: Neil Gaiman’s writing often features religious themes, drawing on mythologies from around the world. One of his earlier works, the comic book The Sandman, is especially interesting because Gaiman engages in an intertextual dialogue with Milton about Satan and, more generally, Christian depictions of Hell; he replaces both with versions of Lucifer and Hell/Gehenna drawn from the Jewish tradition. His other work draws on his Jewish background far less overtly, so for readers interested in the sources Gaiman draws on, The Sandman is especially significant.
Aliens Are Us: Cosmic Liminality, Remixticism, andAlienation in Psytrance
Authors: St John Graham 
Published: September 2013

Abstract:This article examines how popular culture is remixed for the purposes of facilitating mystical experiences within a global electronic dance music culture. In particular, it investigates the sampling of space travel and alien contact narratives within psytrance, whose DJ-producers are like media shamans remixing fragments from cinema, TV series, documentaries, NASA’s lunar program and other popular cultural sources for gnostic purposes. I explore ways outer space travel becomes a narrative device for interior travels, the “hero’s journey,” and how the figure of the alien other allegorizes the potential for the discovery of the self. In the artifice of remixticism, the alien is a device for universal consciousness and self-empowerment, a process I dub alienation.
Religious Imperatives, Boogaloo Rhythms: Taking another Listen to Albert Ayler’s New Grass
Authors: Kaler Michael 
Published: September 2013

Abstract: In this article I discuss free jazz saxophonist Albert Ayler’s album New Grass, released in 1968. Although Ayler’s early works have entered the jazz canon, this album has been seen as the beginning of his decline and also as a sellout. I argue that by taking Ayler’s messianic religious convictions into account, we cannot only understand New Grass better but can also see how it fits into his career as a whole and widen our understanding of the ways in which religious convictions and experimental music interact.
Dr. Bronner’s “Magic Soaps” Religion: ATikkun OlamResponse to the Holocaust, the Atom Bomb, and the Cold War
Authors: Chapman Roger 
Published: September 2013

Abstract:This essay explores the historical and cultural context in which the late Emanuel Bronner began marketing Dr. Bronner’s Magic Soaps, a natural brand known for its unusual labels that promote an “All-One-God-Faith” solution for saving “spaceship Earth.” An amalgamation of Judaism and American pluralism, Dr. Bronner’s plan for world peace was a response to the anxieties caused by the Holocaust, the advent of atomic weaponry, and the ongoing Cold War. Although Dr. Bronner was an escapee from an insane asylum and came to be regarded as a kook, it should be recognized that he conformed to the behaviour of a prophet or holy fool. His message corresponds with tikkun olam, the Jewish vision of “repairing the world.” Dr. Bronner’s natural soaps and the accompanying call for global harmony served as a purification ritual for the American counterculture youth of the 1960s and 1970s.
Deficiency of phytochrome B alleviates chilling‐induced photoinhibition in rice
Authors: Yang Jian‐Chao , Li Meng , Xie Xian‐Zhi , Han Guo‐Liang , Sui Na , Wang Bao‐Shan 
Published: September 2013

• Premise of the study: Food crops of tropical origins, such as rice, are often cultivated in areas with suboptimal temperature regimes. The rice phytochrome B‐deficient mutant (phyB) is tolerant of chilling temperatures compared with the wild type (WT) under low irradiance, and unsaturated fatty acids (USFAs) of membrane lipids have been shown to play an important role in chilling resistance. However, the relationship between phytochrome B and membrane lipids has not been empirically investigated.• Methods: We assessed various photosynthesis indexes in phyB and WT rice: chlorophyll content, maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II (PSII), the quantum yield of PSII electron transport (ΦPSII), the percentage of oxidizable P700 (P700), nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), and the de‐epoxidized ratio of xanthophyll cycle (A+Z)/(V+A+Z). We also analyzed the ultrastructure and fatty acid desaturases (FADs) and glycerol‐3‐phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) genes of the chloroplasts using transmission electron microscopy and real‐time PCR.• Results: After a chilling treatment of 24 h, chloroplast damage and USFA content reduction were more severe in the WT than in the phyB mutant. Genes involved in the synthesis of USFAs in membranes such as FADs and GPAT were more stable in phyB than in WT. Chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, and P700 decreased more slowly under chilling stress and recovered more rapidly under optimal conditions in phyB than in WT. The (A+Z)/(V+A+Z) and NPQ increased more rapidly in phyB than in the WT after 24 h of chilling treatment.• Conclusions: Phytochrome B deficiency in rice with more stabilized chloroplast structure and higher USFA content in membrane lipids could alleviate chilling‐induced photoinhibition.
Propagule pressure, genetic structure, and geographic origins of Chondrilla juncea (Asteraceae): An apomictic invader on three continents
Authors: Gaskin John F. , Schwarzländer Mark , Kinter C. Lynn , Smith James F. , Novak Stephen J. 
Published: September 2013

• Premise of the study: Assessing propagule pressure and geographic origins of invasive species provides insight into the invasion process. Rush skeletonweed (Chondrilla juncea; Asteraceae) is an apomictic, perennial plant that is invasive in Australia, South America (Argentina), and North America (Canada and the United States). This study comprehensively compares propagule pressure and geographic structure of genotypes to improve our understanding of a clonal invasion and enhance management strategies.• Methods: We analyzed 1056 native range plants from Eurasia and 1156 plants from three invaded continents using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) techniques. We used measures of diversity (Simpson's D) and evenness (E), analysis of molecular variance, and Mantel tests to compare invasions, and genotype similarity to determine origins of invasive genotypes.• Key results: We found 682 unique genotypes in the native range, but only 13 in the invaded regions. Each invaded region contained distinct AFLP genotypes, suggesting independent introduction events, probably with different geographic origins. Relatively low propagule pressure was associated with each introduction around the globe, but levels of among‐population variation differed. We found exact AFLP genotype matches between the native and invaded ranges for five of the 13 invasive genotypes.• Conclusions: Invasion dynamics can vary across invaded ranges within a species. Intensive sampling for molecular analyses can provide insight for understanding intraspecific invasion dynamics, which can hold significance for the management of plant species, especially by finding origins and distributions of invasive genotypes for classical biological control efforts.
First record of Todea (Osmundaceae) in South America, from the early Eocene paleorainforests of Laguna del Hunco (Patagonia, Argentina)
Authors: Carvalho Mónica R. , Wilf Peter , Hermsen Elizabeth J. , Gandolfo Maria A. , Cúneo N. Rubén , Johnson Kirk R. 
Published: September 2013

• Premise of the Study: The early Eocene Laguna del Hunco caldera‐lake paleoflora (ca. 52 Ma) from Chubut Province, Argentina, is notably diverse and includes many conifer and angiosperm lineages that are extinct in South America but extant in Australasian rainforests. No ferns have been previously described from Laguna del Hunco. We describe and interpret a new species of fossil Osmundaceae based on fertile and sterile pinnae.• Methods: The fossil specimens were compared with other extant and fossil Osmundaceae based on living and herbarium material and published descriptions. A morphological matrix based on 29 characters was constructed for 17 living species in Osmundaceae, four species assigned to the fossil genus Todites, and the new fossil species. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted under parsimony using morphology and total evidence matrices.• Key Results: Both the new fossil and the Todites species were consistently resolved within the leptopteroid clade of Osmundaceae, and the new species resolved in a clade with the two living Todea species, which are now restricted to Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, and southern Africa.• Conclusions: Todea amissa sp. nov. is the first record of Todea, living or fossil, in South America and only the second fossil record worldwide. The distribution of extant Todea on Gondwanan continents other than South America is broadly shared with other taxa from Laguna del Hunco, further indicating that a large component of this flora represents a Gondwanic biome that is no longer found on the South American continent.
Phytogeography of Najas gracillima (Hydrocharitaceae) in North America and its cryptic introduction to California
Authors: Les Donald H. , Peredo Elena L. , Benoit Lori K. , Tippery Nicholas P. , King Ursula M. , Sheldon Sallie P. 
Published: September 2013

• Premise of the Study: The discontinuous North American distribution of Najas gracillima has not been explained satisfactorily. Influences of extirpation, nonindigenous introduction, and postglacial migration on its distribution were evaluated using field, fossil, morphological, and molecular data. Najas is a major waterfowl food, and appropriate conservation measures rely on accurate characterization of populations as indigenous or imperiled.• Methods: Seed lengths of N. gracillima from native Korean populations, a nonindigenous Italian population, and North American populations were compared using digital image analysis. DNA sequence analyses from these regions provided nine nrITS genotypes and eight cpDNA haplotypes.• Key Results: Najas gracillima seeds from Eurasia and California are shorter than those from eastern North America. Nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences of N. gracillima from Korea and Italy were identical to California material but differed from native eastern North American plants. Eastern North American specimens of N. gracillima at localities above the last glacial maximum boundary were identical or similar genetically to material from the northeastern United States and Atlantic Coastal Plain and Piedmont but divergent from plants of the Interior Highlands–Mississippi Embayment region.• Conclusions: In California, N. gracillima is nonindigenous and introduced from Asia. In eastern North America, populations that colonized deglaciated areas were derived primarily from refugia in the Atlantic Coastal Plain and Piedmont. Genetic data indicate initial postglacial migration to northeastern North America, with subsequent westward dispersal into the Upper Great Lakes. These results differentiate potentially invasive California populations from seriously imperiled indigenous eastern North American populations.
Veuvage et remariage en Sardaigne, Alghero, 1866-1925
Authors: Mazzoni Stanislao , Breschi Marco , Esposito Massimo , Pozzi Lucia 
Published: September 2013

Cet article analyse le remariage en Sardaigne, de l’unification italienne (1861) jusqu’aux premières décennies du xx e siècle. L’île se distinguait alors par un modèle de nuptialité différent du schéma dominant en Italie continentale. Dès le haut Moyen Âge, le mariage sarde présente des modalités originales de propriété et d’héritage, en particulier par le rôle majeur reconnu aux femmes dans la gestion de la famille, de ses ressources économiques et le système d’héritage. Compte tenu de ses spécificités, la Sardaigne constitue un terrain historique intéressant pour l’étude de la nuptialité, et en particulier du remariage. L’approche méthodologique choisie est micro-analytique, à partir des données individuelles recueillies sur la population d’Alghero, ville côtière du nord-ouest de la Sardaigne. Il s’agit d’une analyse longitudinale qui porte sur un ensemble complexe de données individuelles et résulte de la combinaison de sources civiles et religieuses. L’objectif principal est d’identifier les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des veufs et des veuves, et d’examiner précisément les facteurs individuels et contextuels qui ont pu les amener à fonder une nouvelle famille. L’étude des remariages à Alghero nous permet d’analyser en détail la dynamique de recomposition des familles dans une communauté méditerranéenne.
Effet des chocs de mortalité sur le profil par âge de la mortalité des adultes
Authors: Zarulli Virginia 
Published: September 2013

Quel sont les effets des modifications soudaines des conditions extérieures sur le niveau et les profils par âge de la mortalité humaine ? Divers travaux ont analysé des événements brutaux comme la famine ou la déportation, mais on ne dispose pas d’évaluation systématique de l’effet des chocs sur le taux de croissance de la mortalité au fil des âges. À la suite d’un choc, l’évolution de la mortalité peut suivre trois scénarios : elle peut augmenter proportionnellement à tous les âges, davantage aux âges élevés, ou davantage aux jeunes âges. Deux cas d’expérience naturelle sont analysés : celui des prisonniers civils australiens dans un camp japonais pendant la seconde guerre mondiale et celui de la famine en Ukraine en 1933. Les taux de mortalité des prisonniers de guerre se sont accrus pendant leur détention mais la pente de la courbe est restée la même que dans un régime de mortalité normale. En revanche, en Ukraine, les courbes de mortalité se sont élevées pendant les années de famine, mais la hausse a été moindre aux âges élevés, la pente des courbes étant ainsi modifiée. En outre, quand la mortalité augmente moins aux âges élevés, la preuve de l’existence d’un effet de sélection comme mécanisme sous-jacent apparaît faible et peu concluante. Mais d’autres mécanismes pourraient contribuer à des schémas semblables, aussi serait-il nécessaire d’analyser davantage d’expériences de mortalité naturelle et de recueillir davantage de données sur le sujet.
L’exploitation économique des enfants à Madagascar à partir de l’Enquête démographique et de santé 2008
Authors: Delaunay Valérie 
Published: September 2013

En Afrique, l’accès à l’emploi est devenu une cause de placement des enfants à l’extérieur de la parenté. L’objectif de cette note de recherche est de proposer une mesure des enfants résidant hors de la parenté et non scolarisés, susceptibles d’être en situation d’exploitation, en utilisant les données de l’Enquête démographique et de santé 2008-2009 à Madagascar. Dans le contexte malgache, la circulation des enfants reste interne à la parenté, mais les enfants peuvent être placés hors de la parenté pour des raisons économiques. Notre hypothèse est que les modèles de placement des enfants pour des raisons économiques sont genrés et géographiquement répartis. Les résultats montrent que cette situation concerne 1,4 % des enfants de 6 à 17 ans. Parmi eux, deux profils se dégagent : les filles se situent plutôt en ville dans des ménages à niveau socio-économique élevé et les garçons dans les zones à forte demande de main d’œuvre agricole. Les recommandations portent sur l’amélioration des données et la réalisation d’enquêtes auprès d’enfants domestiques et travailleurs agricoles afin d’identifier les situations dommageables, et d’enquêtes sur le processus de mise au travail des enfants (origine, moyens utilisés) ainsi que sur le devenir des enfants travailleurs.