bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital twin-assisted intelligent fault diagnosis for bearings
Authors: Gong Siqi , Li Shunming , Zhang Yongchao , Zhou Lifang , Xia Min 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Data-driven intelligent fault diagnosis methods generally require a large amount of labeled data and considerable time to train network models. However, obtaining sufficient labeled data in practical industrial scenarios has always been a challenge, which hinders the practical application of data-driven methods. A digital twin (DT) model of rolling bearings can generate labeled training dataset for various bearing faults, supplementing the limited measured data. This paper proposes a novel DT-assisted approach to address the issue of limited measured data for bearing fault diagnosis. First, a dynamic model of bearing with damages is introduced to generate simulated bearing acceleration vibration signals. A DT model is constructed in Simulink, where the model parameters are updated based on the actual system behavior. Second, the structural parameters of the DT model are adaptively updated using least squares method with the measured data. Third, a Vision Transformer (ViT) -based network, integrated with short-time Fourier transform, is developed to achieve accurate fault diagnosis. By applying short-time Fourier transform at the input end of the ViT network, the model effectively extracts additional information from the vibration signals. Pre-training the network with an extensive dataset from miscellaneous tasks enables the acquisition of pre-trained weights, which are subsequently transferred to the bearing fault diagnosis task. Experiments results verify that the proposed approach can achieve higher diagnostic accuracy and better stability.
Lithium inelastic cross-sections and their impact on micro and nano dosimetry of boron neutron capture
Authors: D-Kondo Naoki , Ortiz Ramon , Faddegon Bruce , Incerti Sebastien , Tran H N , Francis Z , Moreno Barbosa Eduardo , Schuemann Jan , Ramos-Méndez José 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective. To present a new set of lithium-ion cross-sections for (i) ionization and excitation processes down to 700 eV, and (ii) charge-exchange processes down to 1 keV u−1. To evaluate the impact of the use of these cross-sections on micro a nano dosimetric quantities in the context of boron neutron capture (BNC) applications/techniques. Approach. The Classical Trajectory Monte Carlo method was used to calculate Li ion charge-exchange cross sections in the energy range of 1 keV u−1 to 10 MeV u−1. Partial Li ion charge states ionization and excitation cross-sections were calculated using a detailed charge screening factor. The cross-sections were implemented in Geant4-DNA v10.07 and simulations and verified using TOPAS-nBio by calculating stopping power and continuous slowing down approximation (CSDA) range against data from ICRU and SRIM. Further microdosimetric and nanodosimetric calculations were performed to quantify differences against other simulation approaches for low energy Li ions. These calculations were: lineal energy spectra (yf(y) and yd(y)), frequency mean lineal energy

y

F

―

, dose mean lineal energy

y

D

―

and ionization cluster size distribution analysis. Microdosimetric calculations were compared against a previous MC study that neglected charge-exchange and excitation processes. Nanodosimetric results were compared against pure ionization scaled cross-sections calculations. Main results. Calculated stopping power differences between ICRU and Geant4-DNA decreased from 33.78% to 6.9%. The CSDA range difference decreased from 621% to 34% when compared against SRIM calculations. Geant4-DNA/TOPAS calculated dose mean lineal energy differed by 128% from the previous Monte Carlo. Ionization cluster size frequency distributions for Li ions differed by 76%–344.11% for 21 keV and 2 MeV respectively. With a decrease in the N
1 within 9% at 10 keV and agreeing after the 100 keV. With the new set of cross-sections being able to better simulate low energy behaviors of Li ions. Significance. This work shows an increase in detail gained from the use of a more complete set of low energy cross-sections which include charge exchange processes. Significant differences to previous simulation results were found at the microdosimetric and nanodosimetric scales that suggest that Li ions cause less ionizations per path length traveled but with more energy deposits. Microdosimetry results suggest that the BNC’s contribution to cellular death may be mainly due to alpha particle production when boron-based drugs are distributed in the cellular membrane and beyond and by Li when it is at the cell cytoplasm regions.
Simulation based analysis of HK-Ge-Step-FinFET and its usage as inverter & SRAM
Authors: Gopal Girdhar , Goswami Varnit , Johar Arun Kishor , Varma Tarun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper deals with comparative simulation of High-k dielectrics -Germanium Step FinFET (HK-Ge-Step-FinFET) device with reference Step FinFET. For the first time we have investigated the impact of various dimensional parameters like oxide thickness tox, gate length Lg, drain bias voltage Vds on the performance of Proposed and Reference FinFET devices. These FinFET structures have been designed and simulated in Sentaurus TCAD and Cadence Virtuoso. The electrical parameters such as current ratio ION/IOFF, Sub-threshold Swing SS , Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL), threshold voltage Vth, gate capacitance, intrinsic delay and transconductance are extracted at 10 nm gate length. It is noticed that there is a significant improvement of 28 times and 23 times in ION for proposed device over reference FINFET at Vds = 1 V and Vds = 0.5 V respectively, improvement in ION/IOFF ratio from 8.05 × 108 to 6.65 × 1010, SS of 63.21 mV/decade to 61.5 mV/decade and excellent threshold voltage of 0.18 V in proposed FinFET. The characteristics of the proposed SRAM cell including, static noise margin (SNM), read/write delay, and subthreshold leakage power, are compared with the conventional 6 T SRAM cells. It is reported that the FinFET SRAM cell has RSNM, HSNM, and WNM of 285 mV, 360 mV, and 302 mV, respectively, at Vds = 1 V. Furthermore, the suggested device-based SRAM cell outperforms traditional SRAM cells at 1.0 V in terms of read noise margin, hold noise margin, and write noise margin, as well as leakage power. Thus, it may prove to be a viable option for lowering leakage components, making it effective for low-power and high-performance inverter and SRAM cell design in the nanoscale regime.
Influence of graphene nanoplatelets on the thermal conductivity of heat transfer oils based on the developed hotwire method
Authors: Karalasingam A , Karunarathne Shadeepa , Wijesinghe W P S L , Sameera S A L , De Silva M G S , Amaratunga G A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The thermal conductivity measurements of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) loaded mineral oil suspensions are obtained using an unconventional custom-made Transient Hot-Wire setup using tungsten. The presence of a few layers of graphene in the prepared GNP using a single-step ultrasonication of graphite microparticles without the use of a surfactant is verified by AFM, TEM, Raman Spectroscopy, XRD, and XPS techniques. We measured the thermal conductivity and the specific heat capacity (

C

p

) of GNP-loaded mineral oil suspensions. The experimental result shows a maximum of 45.5% increment in the thermal conductivity of the mineral oil with 1 mg ml−1 (11.481

×

10

−
4

weight fraction) loading of GNP at 30 °C. Despite thermal conductivity enhancements, the results indicate that the

C

p

is not compromised, since a low concentration of nanoplatelets was used. The experimental results agree with the Maxwell-Garnett effective medium approach (MGEMA) model for the thermal conductivity of nanofluids which we found to be suitable for lower loading of nanoparticles. We propose GNP incorporated mineral oil suspensions are effective when it comes to heat transfer fluids even with the lower volume and mass fractions.
Comparative analysis: particle size and bactericidal efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles with aloe vera gel versus aloe vera gel-honey
Authors: Dzulkharnien Nur Syafiqah Farhanah , Rohani Rosiah , Ahmad Radzuan Husna 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the realm of nanoscience, the inherent antibacterial potential of nanoparticles (NPs) stands as an alluring prospect for the development of pharmaceutical interventions. Yet, conventional chemical and physical NPs fabrication methods pose environmental and safety concerns. The aim of this study is to greenly-synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using aloe vera gel (AVG) and aloe vera gel-honey (AVG-honey) under different reactant-to-chemical reductant (or precursor-to-reducing agent) ratio conditions, facilitated by sonication. Structural and optical characteristics of synthesized ZnO NPs were explicated through Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (UV–vis). Concurrently, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) delineated the crystalline disposition and morphological behaviors. The antibacterial susceptibility of ZnO NPs against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Klebsiella Pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) was investigated using the disc diffusion method. The structures of biosynthesized ZnO NPs were confirmed through distinctive peaks in FTIR and UV–vis spectra. XRD unveils hexagonal wurtzite crystallinity, while FESEM captured distinct morphologies, which are spherical and rice-shaped, in ZnO NPs/AVG, while ZnO NPs/AVG-honey revealed micro-size spherical structures surrounded by numerous tiny lumps. Notably, ZnO NPs/AVG at a 1:6 ratio exhibits a 26.5 nm size, showcasing superior antibacterial efficacy against MRSA (ZOI = 12 mm) and K. pneumoniae (ZOI = 13 mm) compared to other reactant-to-chemical reductant ratios and ZnO NPs/AVG-honey. In conclusion, the study revealed that ZnO NPs synthesized solely using AVG exhibited finer particle sizes and slightly enhanced antibacterial efficacy compared to ZnO NPs formulated with a combination of AVG and honey. This outcome shows that utilization of two reducing agents will contribute to large size of nanoparticles, thus reduce the efficiency of the antibacterial susceptibility. Moreover, the concentration ratios of reactants-to-chemical reductants emerged as crucial determinants in the nanoparticle synthesis process.
Effect of Ce doping on MoO3 thin films for room temperature ammonia sensing application
Authors: Hari Prasad Kamatam , Vinoth S , Ganesh V 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this work, we report the fabrication and gas sensing application of undoped, and Ce doped (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 wt%) MoO3 thin films via simple, effective, and low-cost nebulizer spray pyrolysis method. The crystal structure of the prepared thin films was found to be monoclinic by the prominent peaks observed at (001), (002) planes and the primary peak intensities increases from undoped to 3% Ce doped MoO3 thin film. The morphology of the samples was studied by FESEM, and the films have nanofibrous network embedded with nanorods spread over the surface of the nanofibers. The optical properties were characterised by the UV–vis spectroscopy and observed that the film’s energy band gap declines from 3.28 to 3.04 eV due to the Ce dopant which alters the energy levels of the conduction and valence bands of the host by oxygen defects. The defects were analysed by the PL spectroscopy, and it proved that the PL emission peaks arose due to the oxygen deficiencies. The 3% Ce doped MoO3 produced higher PL emission intensity indicated that the higher oxygen defects sites are the cause. The gas sensing responses were measured for the pristine and 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt% Ce doped MoO3 gas sensors increase from 6.48 × 102 to 1.67 × 104 and found to be higher for the 3% Ce doped sensor to detect ammonia gas. The significant gas sensing property such as rise time and fall time were observed to be least for the 3% Ce doped MoO3 thin film was 54 and 5 s. This study revealed that 3% Ce doped MoO3 thin film could be an efficient prominent ammonia gas sensor at room temperature in future.
On direct estimation of density parameters and Hubble constant for ΛCDM universe using Hubble measurements
Authors: Pal Srikanta , Saha Rajib 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The set of cosmological density parameters (

Ω

0
m

h

0

2

,

Ω

0
k

h

0

2

,

Ω

0
Λ

h

0

2

) and Hubble constant (

h

ˆ

0

) are useful for fundamental understanding of the Universe from many perspectives. In this article, we propose a new procedure to estimate these parameters for Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) universe in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) background. We generalize the two-point statistics first proposed by Sahni et al (2008) to the three point case and estimate the parameters using currently available Hubble parameter (H(z)) values in the redshift range 0.07 ≤ z ≤ 2.36 measured by differential age (DA) and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) techniques. All the parameters are estimated assuming the general case of non-flat universe. Using both DA and BAO data we obtain

Ω

0
m

h

0

2

=
0.1485
±
0.0065

,

Ω

0
k

h

0

2

=
−
0.0137
±
0.017

,

Ω

0
Λ

h

0

2

=
0.3126
±
0.0145

and

h

ˆ

0

=
0.6689
±
0.0021

. These results are in satisfactory agreement with the Planck results. An important advantage of our method is that to estimate the value of any one of the independent cosmological parameters one does not need to use the values for the rest of them. Each parameter is obtained solely from the measured values of Hubble parameters at different redshifts without any need to use values of other parameters. Such a method is expected to be less susceptible to the undesired effects of degeneracy issues between cosmological parameters during their estimations. Moreover, there is no requirement of assuming spatial flatness in our method.
Optical attenuator-oriented quantum hacking on continuous-variable quantum key distribution with local local oscillator
Authors: Mao Yiyu , Xie Fengyang , Zhao Jiajia , Huang Wenti , Zhao Wei , Guo Ying , Wang Jin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Continuous-variable quantum key distribution with local local oscillator (LLO-CVQKD) eliminates the security loophole caused by transmitting high power local oscillator (LO). However, in order to establish a common phase frame between the sender and receiver, a low power phase reference needs to be transmitted with quantum signals, which may bring in new security problems for eavesdroppers to obtain information illegally. Especially in trusted phase noise model, phase noise associated with detectors is regarded as trusted noise in order to obtain a higher secret key rate and transmission distance, which further provides opportunities for eavesdroppers. To this end, we propose an optical attenuator-oriented attack strategy against the LLO-CVQKD system under the trusted phase noise model, where Eve can inject suitable light into the optical attenuator in reference light path to reduce the attenuation level of it, thereby controlling the intensity of the reference pulses and resulting in an underestimated excess noise. Simulation results show that the proposed attack strategy can render the estimated secret key rate much higher than the actual values. When the transmission distance exceeds 25 km, the eavesdropper can obtain approximately 90% of the key information by adjusting the intensity of the reference pulses to twice the original value.
Modulating entanglement dynamics of two V-type atoms in dissipative cavity by detuning and weak measurement reversal
Authors: Li Fuhua , Wang Jia , Zou Hong-Mei , Pan Qiying , Liu Chenya , Qu Zhuang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
It is studied how to modulate entanglement dynamics of two V-type atoms in dissipative cavity by detuning, weak measurement and weak measurement reversal. The analytical solution of this model is obtained by solving Schrödinger equation after diagonalizing Hamiltonian of dissipative cavity. It is discussed in detail how the entanglement dynamics is influenced by cavity-reservoir coupling, spontaneously generated interference (SGI) parameter, detuning between cavity with reservoir and weak measurement reversal. The results show that the entanglement dynamics of different initial states obviously depends on coupling, SGI parameter, detuning and reversing measurement strength. The stronger coupling, the smaller SGI parameter, the larger detuning and the bigger reversing measurement strength can all not only protect but also generate the entanglement, and the detuning is more effectively in the strong coupling regime than the weak measurement reversal, which is more effectively than the SGI parameter. We also provide the physical interpretations for these results.
Design of wavefront detection system for eyeglasses based on transmissive phase measuring deflectometry using gamma error correction algorithm
Authors: Fan Xianguang , Yang Yixin , Zhang Yujie , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
With the increasingly widespread application of freeform lenses, the detection of lens dioptric power presents a challenge. To measure the surface dioptric power of freeform lenses, a wavefront detection system for eyeglass lenses based on transmissive phase measuring deflectometry has been developed. The system consists only of a monitor, an industrial camera, and the lens under test. In response to the phase errors introduced by nonlinear devices, a Frequency Domain Gamma Error Correction Algorithm based on Linear Regression (FDLR) is proposed to optimize the system detection process and enhance detection accuracy. In the experiments, the proposed system was used to measure the wavefront and surface dioptric power of both spherical lens and progressive addition lens. The results were compared with those obtained from a focimeter to verify the accuracy and reliability of the system. Furthermore, a comparison of the detection results for progressive addition lens before and after phase error correction was conducted to demonstrate the necessity and effectiveness of the proposed phase error correction algorithm.
Dynamic interplay: unveiling inelastic breather collisions and modulation instability enhancement in a periodically gained inhomogeneous fiber optic communication system across temporal frequencies
Authors: Veni S Saravana , Manirajan M S , Biswas Anjan , Asiri Asim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Examining the impact of inhomogeneity on the propagation of femtosecond ultrafast optical pulses in fiber, we delve into the realm of the modified Hirota nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) with inhomogeneity of variable coefficients (MIH-vc). Employing the Hirota bilinear method, we derive two soliton solutions for the modified Hirota NLS equation and analyze the effect of variable coefficients. The dynamical properties of these soliton solutions come to light as we meticulously analyze the corresponding plots. In our exploration, a noteworthy revelation unfolds as we witness the inelastic collision between two breathers, unleashing profound changes in the trajectory of femtosecond pulses. Furthermore, we showcase a detailed modulation instability analysis, unraveling the gain spectrum for our theoretical model. Through graphical illustrations, we elucidate how inhomogeneous functions intricately shape the modulation instability (MI) gain spectrum. A groundbreaking observation surfaces as, for the first time, we discern the periodic gain enhancement in relation to Group Velocity Dispersion along the fiber and its dynamic interactions.
Floquet systems with continuous dynamical symmetries: characterization, time-dependent noether charge, and solvability
Authors: Kaneko Yukio , Ikeda Tatsuhiko N 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We study quantum Floquet (periodically-driven) systems having continuous dynamical symmetry (CDS) consisting of a time translation and a unitary transformation on the Hilbert space. Unlike the discrete ones, the CDS strongly constrains the possible Hamiltonians H(t) and allows us to obtain all the Floquet states by solving a finite-dimensional eigenvalue problem. Besides, Noether’s theorem leads to a time-dependent conservation charge, whose expectation value is time-independent throughout evolution. We exemplify these consequences of CDS in the seminal Rabi model, an effective model of a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamonds without strain terms, and Heisenberg spin models in rotating fields. Our results provide a systematic way of solving for Floquet states and explain how they avoid hybridization in quasienergy diagrams.
Fourth-stable stochastic resonance and its application to weak fault signal detection of rotating machinery
Authors: Yun Xialun , Zhang Xianhong , Shang Guozhen , Lv Minyue 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Weak characteristic extraction is vital for weak fault signal detection of machinery. Stochastic resonance (SR) is able to transfer noise energy into weak fault characteristic frequency excited by a defect of machines. However, the potential function in SR is vital to enhance weak fault characteristic frequency and determines the capability of SR to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a noisy signal. Now, common potential functions include monostable, bistable and even tri-stable potentials but fourth-stable SR has not been studied and applied to detect early fault characteristic frequency. In this paper, thus, we would investigate the behaviors of SR with a fourth-stable potential subject to additive noise, in which the approximate theoretical expression of the power done by SR is derived to demonstrate the fourth-stable Sr Then, a SR method with the fourth-stable potential is proposed to enhance weak fault characteristic frequency, in which these system parameters are adjusted by using SNR as the objective function and using genetic algorithms adaptively. In this paper, thus, Finally, the proposed method is verified by using a simulated signal with noise and two early fault experiment of rolling element bearings with different levels of defects on the outer and inner races. Moreover, the proposed method is compared with wavelet denoising and fast kurtogram methods. The comparisons indicate that the proposed method has the better performance for enhancing weak fault characteristic frequency or weak useful signals than other two methods and is available to weak fault signal detection of machinery.
Investigation of physicochemical characteristics of Dy3+ modified ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Singh Sunder Pal 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this report, pristine and Dy3+ modified ZnO nanoparticles [Zn(1-x)DyxO NPs, where x = 0, 0.05, and 0.10] were synthesized using the sol–gel route, and their physicochemical characteristics were investigated. x-ray diffractograms of all the compositions possess

P

6

3

m
c

space group depicting hexagonal crystallinity with wurtzite-type crystal structure with no signature of impurities as confirmed using the Rietveld refinement technique. The granular microstructure displayed grain growth with Dy3+ incorporation in the ZnO crystal framework and an increment in average grain size was found to be 22.83 nm for x = 0 to 36.34 nm. The optical energy band gap also increased from 3.35 eV to 3.88 eV with Dy3+ doping in the host ZnO. Dy3+ substitution inhibits the conduction in ZnO and improves the resistivity (36 Ωcm–79 Ωcm) as carrier concentration diminishes from 7.36 × 1016 cm−3 to 4.23 × 1016 cm−3. Similarly, the mean free path length for ZnO and Dy3+ doped ZnO NPs declines from 0.0301 nm to 0.0198 nm. Dielectric properties of all the compositions were investigated using an LCR impedance analyzer and it was observed that Dy3+ substitution enhances the value of the dielectric constant from 32 to 91 with a low tangent loss at 50 Hz.