bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Lipid‐Inspired Ionic Liquids Containing Long‐Chain Appendages: Novel Class of Biomaterials with Attractive Properties and Applications
Authors: Mirjafari Arsalan , O'Brien Richard A. , Murray Samuel M. , Mattson Kaila M. , Mobarrez Niloufar , West Kevin N. , Davis, James H. Jr. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractReview: 40 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Marine Indole Alkaloids Containing an 1‐(Indol‐3‐yl)ethane‐1,2‐diamine Fragment
Authors: Golantsov N. E. , Festa A. A. , Karchava A. V. , Yurovskaya M. A. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractReview: isolation, synthesis and biological properties; 82 refs.
Various Polar Tripeptides as Asymmetric Organocatalyst in Direct Aldol Reactions in Aqueous Media
Authors: Bayat Saadi , Tejo Bimo A. , Salleh Abu Bakar , Abdmalek Emilia , Normi Yahaya M. , Rahman Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTA series of tripeptide organocatalysts containing a secondary amine group and two amino acids with polar side chain units were developed and evaluated in the direct asymmetric intermolecular aldol reaction of 4‐nitrobenzaldehyde and cyclohexanone. The effectiveness of short polar peptides as asymmetric catalysts in aldol reactions to attain high yields of enantio‐ and diastereoselective isomers were investigated. In a comparison, glutamic acid and histidine produced higher % ee and yields when they were applied as the second amino acid in short trimeric peptides. These short polar peptides were found to be efficient organocatalysts for the asymmetric aldol addition reaction in aqueous media. Chirality 25:726–734, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Crystallographic, Spectroscopic, and Theoretical Investigation of the Efficiently Separated 21R and 21S‐Diastereoisomers of Argatroban
Authors: Ferraboschi Patrizia , Colombo Diego , Legnani Laura , Toma Lucio , Grisenti Paride , Vistoli Giulio , Meneghetti Fiorella 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTArgatroban (I), a potent noncovalent reversible thrombin inhibitor, is used as an anticoagulant for the parenteral treatment of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) patients. By virtue of its pharmacological properties and the well‐balanced risks and benefits, argatroban is now emerging as a clinically relevant antithrombotic agent. The availability of this drug as a mixture of 21R and 21S‐diastereoisomers, in a ratio of roughly 64:36, prompted us to design an efficient separation setup of the two epimers. We pursued our efforts on their detailed structural analysis with the aim of understanding their different activity and aqueous solubility. These investigations were accompanied by a modeling study of the two diastereoisomers, with particular attention on the easy interconverting half‐chair of the tetrahydroquinoline system and its preferred conformation, which is determined by the configuration at C21. These results, together with the analysis of their physicochemical profiles, provide new useful information for the development of the individual diastereoisomers. Chirality 25:871–882, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Corrosion behaviour of steel/55%Al–Zn alloy/paint systems exposed to natural and artificial environments
Authors: Elsner Cecilia I. , del Amo Delia B. , Hernández Luis S. , Di Sarli Alejandro R. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe corrosion performance of steel/55%Al–Zn alloy sheets pre‐treated with 5% Fe (NO3)3 + 15% H3PO4solution, and then coated with acrylic (AC), alkyd (AQ), vinyl (VL), solvent‐based epoxy (ES) or waterborne epoxy (EA) corrosion‐inhibiting primers + a barrier topcoat alkyd paint was studied. Exposure conditions included weathering chambers and natural atmospheres (La Plata‐Argentina and San Luis‐Potosí, México). The panels' behaviour was evaluated through visual inspections and EIS measurements. Their results allowed inferring that: (1) most of the painting systems have a satisfactory performance during their exposure to the accelerated weathering chamber or the natural atmospheric stations and (2) the correlation between them allowed explaining some problems arising in service. This information will allow extending the useful life by adjusting the painting system formulation.
Nanostructures of Nematic Materials of Laterally Branched Molecules
Authors: Breckon Randall , Chakraborty Saonti , Zhang Cuiyu , Diorio Nicholas , Gleeson James T. , Sprunt Samuel , Twieg Robert J. , Jákli Antal 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe synthesis and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) characterization is reported for 20 laterally branched mesogenic molecules, which are derived from the common rod‐shaped 2,5‐bis([4‐(octyloxy)phenyl]carbonyloxy) benzoic acid unit. These compounds have a varying degree of flexibility, in that their lateral branch is formed upon conversion of the acid to either an ester or an amide, and most laterally branched molecules exhibit relatively wide nematic liquid‐crystal phases with a direct nematic‐to‐crystal transition at lower temperatures. SAXS studies reveal the presence of smectic‐like nanostructures (clusters) with short‐range order in the nematic phase, with characteristic correlation lengths from 3 to over 10 nm. The smectic layers that are contained in these clusters are tilted with respect to the nematic director by angles ranging from 0° (i.e. untilted) to 55°. In some compounds, the intensity of the SAXS peak corresponding to the smectic layer spacing depends strongly on temperature. The main features of the nanostructures can be understood based on the molecular structure; therefore, guiding future synthetic work towards more precisely controlled and technologically useful nanostructures in nematics.
Dehydration of Different Ketoses and Aldoses to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: van Putten Robert‐Jan , Soetedjo Jenny N. M. , Pidko Evgeny A. , van der Waal Jan C. , Hensen Emiel J. M. , de Jong Ed , Heeres Hero J. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is considered an important building block for future bio‐based chemicals. Here, we present an experimental study using different ketoses (fructose, sorbose, tagatose) and aldoses (glucose, mannose, galactose) under aqueous acidic conditions (65 g L−1 substrate, 100–160 °C, 33–300 mM H2SO4) to gain insights into reaction pathways for hexose dehydration to HMF. Both reaction rates and HMF selectivities were significantly higher for ketoses than for aldoses, which is in line with literature. Screening and kinetic experiments showed that the reactivity of the different ketoses is a function of the hydroxyl group orientation at the C3 and C4 positions. These results, in combination with DFT calculations, point to a dehydration mechanism involving cyclic intermediates. For aldoses, no influence of the hydroxyl group orientation was observed, indicating a different rate‐determining step. The combination of the knowledge from the literature and the findings in this work indicates that aldoses require an isomerization to ketose prior to dehydration to obtain high HMF yields.
Sweeping beauty: is grassland arthropod community composition effectively estimated by sweep netting?
Authors: Spafford Ryan D. , Lortie Christopher J. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractArthropods are critical ecosystem components due to their high diversity and sensitivity to perturbation. Furthermore, due to their ease of capture they are often the focus of environmental health surveys. There is much debate regarding the best sampling method to use in these surveys. Sweep netting and pan trapping are two sampling methods commonly used in agricultural arthropod surveys, but have not been contrasted in natural grassland systems at the community level. The purpose of this study was to determine whether sweep netting was effective at estimating arthropod diversity at the community level in grasslands or if supplemental pan trapping was needed. Arthropods were collected from grassland sites in Montana, USA, in the summer of 2011. The following three standardized evaluation criteria (consistency, reliability, and precision) were developed to assess the efficacy of sweep netting and pan trapping, based on analyses of variations in arthropod abundances, species richness, evenness, capture frequency, and community composition. Neither sampling method was sufficient in any criteria to be used alone for community‐level arthropod surveys. On a taxa‐specific basis, however, sweep netting was consistent, reliable, and precise for Thysanoptera, infrequently collected (i.e., rare) insects, and Arachnida, whereas pan trapping was consistent, reliable, and precise for Collembola and bees, which is especially significant given current threats to the latter's populations worldwide. Species‐level identifications increase the detected dissimilarity between sweep netting and pan trapping. We recommend that community‐level arthropod surveys use both sampling methods concurrently, at least in grasslands, but likely in most nonagricultural systems. Target surveys, such as monitoring bee communities in fragmented grassland habitat or where detailed information on behavior of the target arthropod groups is available can in some instances employ singular methods. As a general ecological principle, consistency, reliability, and precision are appropriate criteria to evaluate the applicability of a given sampling method for both community‐level and taxa‐specific arthropod surveys in any ecosystem.
From 2,6‐Dichloronicotinic Acid to Thiopeptide Cores
Authors: Just‐Baringo Xavier , Albericio Fernando , Álvarez Mercedes 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe scope of 2,6‐dichloronicotinic acid as a precursor of thiopeptide polyheterocylic cores has been extensively studied in a cross‐coupling‐based approach. Differentiation of the two chlorinated positions under SNAr conditions and versatility of the carboxylic acid are key for the preparation of 2,3,6‐trisubstituted pyridines with complete regiocontrol. With the present strategy, nine different azole‐substituted pyridines were synthesized. Studies towards the selective deprotection of their functionalities resulted in a set of fully orthogonal protecting groups that permits the elongation of all three pyridine substituents.
Diastereoselective Addition of Organomagnesium and Organolithium Reagents to Chiral Trifluoromethyl N‐tert‐Butanesulfinyl Hemiaminals
Authors: Grellepois Fabienne , Ben Jamaa Abdelkhalek , Gassama Abdoulaye 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe asymmetric synthesis of trifluoromethylated tertiary and secondary carbinamines (α,α‐dibranched and α‐branched amines) was achieved by reaction of alkyl, aryl and allyl organomagnesium or organolithium reagents to trifluoromethyl N‐tert‐butanesulfinyl hemiaminals, bench‐stable analogs of the corresponding ketoimines.
Experimental implementation and verification of multi‐degrees‐of‐freedom effective force testing
Authors: Nakata Narutoshi , Krug Erin , King Aaron 
Published: August 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents an experimental implementation and verification of multi‐degrees‐of‐freedom effective force testing (MDOF‐EFT). An experimental setup that consists of a two‐degrees‐of‐freedom structural system and two hydraulic actuators at the Johns Hopkins University was utilized in this study. First, experimental system identification was performed to develop compatible analytical models for the multi‐input and multi‐output systems. Dynamics of the control plant, that is, the valve‐to‐force relations, were modeled with a rational polynomial transfer function matrix and delay components. By using the analytical model, a centralized decoupling loop‐shaping force feedback controller was designed such that the forces are uncoupled and the loop transfer functions have desirable dynamic characteristics in the frequency domain. Then, a series of harmonic force and earthquake simulation tests were performed to assess capabilities and limitations of MDOF‐EFT. Experimental results showed that the dynamic forces in the two actuators were accurately controlled to provide tracking while the system was stable and robust for the entire period of the experiment. Furthermore, earthquake simulation tests with increased levels of the reference forces demonstrated the feasibility of MDOF‐EFT with highly nonlinear test structures. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An adoption scenario for carbon capture in pulverized coal power plants in the USA
Authors: Hanson Donald , Schmalzer David 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn this paper we use the Electricity Supply and Investment Model (ESIM) power system model to examine the energy market effects of incentivized adoption of carbon capture and storage (CCS), with a primary focus on retrofitting existing pulverized coal plants. In the presence of a ‘medium’ carbon charge and least‐cost dispatch, units with CCS are operated with higher utilization rates than fossil energy plants without carbon capture, hence lowering CO2 emissions. This path helps to lower the capital outlays that will be necessary to make a transition to a full portfolio of advanced low‐carbon technologies. Required research, development and demonstration can be financed by a portion of the carbon charge revenue.
Swallowing outcomes in patients with oropharyngeal cancer undergoing organ‐ preservation treatment
Authors: Starmer Heather M. , Tippett Donna , Webster Kimberly , Quon Harry , Jones Bronwyn , Hardy Sarah , Gourin Christine G. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to assess swallowing outcomes in a cohort of patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) undergoing nonoperative treatment.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of patients who completed videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS) after nonoperative treatment of oropharyngeal SCC. All patients received intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) ± chemotherapy. Swallowing abnormalities were recorded and the Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS) quantified airway infiltration.ResultsPosttreatment VFSS (n = 71) occurred at an average of 4.69 months posttreatment. Abnormal PAS was noted in 45% of swallow studies. Swallowing decompensations included reduced pharyngeal constriction (75%), epiglottic tilt (70%), cricopharyngeal opening (42%), and hyoid excursion (42%). The only variable independently associated with abnormal PAS was pretreatment swallowing difficulty (odds ratio [OR] = 4.02; p = .009).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that patients undergoing nonsurgical treatment for oropharyngeal SCC are at risk for posttreatment dysphagia. This suggests a need for dysphagia evaluation/management and refinement of interventions to minimize dysphagia. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 36: 1392–1397, 2014
Patterns of nodal involvement for clinically N0 salivary gland carcinoma: Refining the role of elective neck irradiation
Authors: Lau Valerie H. , Aouad Rony , Farwell D. Gregory , Donald Paul J. , Chen Allen M. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to analyze the pattern of occult cervical lymph node metastasis among patients with clinically N0 salivary gland carcinoma.MethodsOne hundred nineteen patients underwent primary surgery and ipsilateral neck dissection for clinically N0 carcinomas of the major and minor salivary glands. Eighty patients (67%) had parotid tumors. Distribution of T classification was: T1 (18%), T2 (28%), T3 (23%), and T4 (32%).ResultsTwenty‐five patients (21%) had pathological cervical disease. The incidence was highest among patients with adenocarcinoma (35%) and high‐grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (35%). The most common site of cervical lymph node metastasis was level II (71%), followed by level III (15%), and level IB (8%). On multivariate analysis, histological subtype was independently predictive of occult pathological lymph node metastasis (p < .001).ConclusionThe likelihood of occult cervical lymph node metastasis for patients with salivary gland carcinoma is driven predominantly by histological subtype. Implications for elective neck irradiation are discussed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 36: 1435–1439, 2014
Free flap failure in head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Corbitt Christian , Skoracki Roman J. , Yu Peirong , Hanasono Matthew M. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine the causes of head and neck free flap loss and to evaluate outcomes after subsequent microvascular and nonmicrovascular reconstruction.MethodsPatients who experienced free flap loss between 2000 and 2012 were reviewed.ResultsThere were 40 flap losses out of 3090 free flaps (1.3%). Twenty‐eight patients underwent subsequent free flap reconstruction of which 27 free flaps were successful (96.4%), which was not significantly different from our initial flap success rate (p = .81). Of patients who underwent subsequent free flap reconstruction for oral/pharyngeal defects, 100% had >80% speech intelligibility and 87.5% were tube feed independent. By comparison, 42.9% of patients who underwent subsequent pectoralis major flap reconstruction had intelligible speech (p = .01) and 25.0% were independent of tube feeds (p = 0.02).ConclusionSubsequent free flaps after initial free flap losses can be successful in selected patients. Functional outcomes after subsequent free flap reconstruction are favorable compared to pedicled flap reconstruction. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 36: 1440–1445, 2014
Surgical outcomes of robotic thyroid surgery using a double incision gasless transaxillary approach: Analysis of 400 cases treated by the same surgeon
Authors: Lee Yu‐Mi , Yi Onvox , Sung Tae‐Yon , Chung Ki‐Wook , Yoon Jong Ho , Hong Suck Joon 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes of 400 cases of robotic thyroid surgery using a double incision gasless transaxillary approach.MethodsWe analyzed 400 patients who underwent a robot‐assisted thyroidectomy performed by a single surgeon.ResultsAll patients underwent successful operations without conversion to open surgery. Transient hypoparathyroidism was the most common complication (51.7%) and permanent hypoparathyroidism occurred in only 2 patients (1.4%). The mean number of retrieved central lymph nodes was 6.5 ± 4.4 for ipsilateral central compartment node dissection and 8.4 ± 5.1 for bilateral central compartment node dissection. The proportion of patients with stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg) levels at the time of remnant ablation <10 ng/mL and sTg levels 6 to 12 months after the first ablation <1 ng/mL was 84.9% and 88.3%, respectively.ConclusionRobotic thyroid surgery is technically safe and may be a surgical option for patients with well‐differentiated thyroid cancer. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 36: 1413–1419, 2014
Nitrogen Nucleophiles in Au‐Catalyzed Dehydrative Cyclization Reactions
Authors: Ketcham John M. , Cardoso Flavio S. P. , Biannic Berenger , Piras Henri , Aponick Aaron 
Published: August 2013

AbstractMild conditions for the gold‐catalyzed dehydrative cyclization of carbamate‐protected azaallylic alcohols to form saturated nitrogen heterocycles are reported. The cyclization reactions are high‐yielding, operationally easy to perform, and provide heterocycles with a synthetically useful vinyl group, strategically located on the ring system, which can facilitate further transformations for target oriented synthesis. It is also demonstrated through chirality transfer experiments that the mechanism can be either cationic in nature or a Au‐catalyzed addition/elimination sequence. The diverging mechanistic scenario is dependent on the nature of the substituents on the allylic alcohol and necessitates judicious substrate design.
Transduction of Proteins into Leishmania Tarentolae by Formation of Non‐Covalent Complexes With Cell‐Penetrating Peptides
Authors: Keller Andrea‐Anneliese , Breitling Reinhard , Hemmerich Peter , Kappe Katarina , Braun Maria , Wittig Berith , Schaefer Buerk , Lorkowski Stefan , Reissmann Siegmund 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTCell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs) are used to transport peptides, proteins, different types of ribonucleic acids (or mimics of these molecules), and DNA into live cells, both plant and mammalian. Leishmania belongs to the class of protozoa having, in comparison to mammalian cells, a different lipid composition of the membrane, proteoglycans on the surface, and signal pathways. We investigated the uptake of two different and easily detectable proteins into the non‐pathogenic strain Leishmania tarentolae. From the large number of CPPs available, six and a histone were chosen specifically for their ability to form non‐covalent complexes. For Leishmania we used the enzyme β‐galactosidase and fluorescent labeled bovine serum albumin as cargoes. The results are compared to similar internalization studies using mammalian cells [Mussbach et al., ]. Leishmania cells can degrade CPPs by a secreted and membrane‐bound chymotrypsin‐like protease. Both cargo proteins were internalized with sufficient efficiency and achieved intramolecular concentrations similar to mammalian cells. The transport efficiencies of the CPPs differed from each other, and showed a different rank order for both cargoes. The intracellular distribution of fluorescent‐labeled bovine serum albumin showed highest concentrations in the nucleus and kinetoplast. Leishmania are susceptible to high concentrations of some CPPs, although comparably dissimilar to mammalian cells. MPG‐peptides are more cytotoxic in Leishmania than in mammalian cells, acting as antimicrobial peptides. Our results contribute to a better understanding of molecular interactions in Leishmania cells and possibly to new treatments of leishmaniasis. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 243–252, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MADD Is a Downstream Target of PTEN in Triggering Apoptosis
Authors: Jayarama Shankar , Li Liang‐Cheng , Ganesh Lakshmy , Mardi David , Kanteti Prasad , Hay Nissim , Li Peifeng , Prabhakar Bellur S. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractMitogen‐activated kinase activating death domain containing protein (MADD) is abundantly expressed in cancer cells and necessary for maintaining cancer cell survival. However, this survival function of MADD is dependent upon its phosphorylation by protein kinase B (Akt). The tumour suppressor PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) is a lipid phosphatase that negatively regulates the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)‐Akt signaling pathway. The downstream targets of PTEN in triggering apoptosis have not yet been completely identified. Here, we report that MADD can act as a pro‐apoptotic factor to initiate TRAIL‐induced apoptosis when its phosphorylation is attenuated by PTEN. Our data show that tumor necrosis factor α‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) induced a reduction in MADD phosphorylation with a concomitant up‐regulation of PTEN. Knock down of PTEN using a specific siRNA prevented TRAIL‐induced reduction in pMADD levels. Surprisingly, Akt non‐phopshorylated MADD translocated from the plasma membrane to cytoplasm where it bound to 14‐3‐3 and displaced 14‐3‐3 associated Bax, which translocated to mitochondria resulting in cytochrome c release. Taken together, our data reveal that PTEN can convey the death signal by preventing MADD phosphorylation by Akt. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 261–270, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.