bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survey on Ethical Conduct Thresholds in Cardiologal Medical Practice in Argentina
Authors: Doval Hernán C. , Tajer Carlos D. , Borracci Raúl A. , Nuñez Carmen , Samarelli Marisa , Tamini Susana 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to analyze the attitude of a group of cardiologists on the ethical conducts they would accept or adopt when encountered with different hypothetical situations of medical practice. Between August and September of 2011, 700 Argentine cardiologists were surveyed in situations which posed ethical dilemmas in the patient‐physician relationship, among colleagues or involving financial agreements with employers or the pharmaceutical industry. Ethical conflicts were evidenced in a series of inappropriate conducts such as differential fees, trips and meals sponsored by laboratories, splitting fees, overbilling, self‐referral, charging for patient referral, financial compensation for ordering medical procedures, and various situations derived from the relationship with employers. In general, financial compensation from the pharmaceutical industry was more accepted than the conflictive situations which directly involved patients, colleagues or employers. The rejection of these conducts, the physicians' deontological education and the improvement of financial and organizational conditions in medical practice will help to encourage better medical professionalism and avoid unseemly behaviors.
Adiponectin, visfatin and regional fat depots in normal weight obese premenopausal women
Authors: Miazgowski Tomasz , Safranow Krzysztof , Krzyżanowska‐Świniarska Barbara , Iskierska Katarzyna , Widecka Krystyna 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundNormal weight obesity (NWO) is defined as percentage body fat (%BF) above 30% or %BF in the upper tertile in normal weight subjects. Using these criteria, we assessed lipid profiles, glucose metabolism parameters, blood pressure and regional fat in 91 premenopausal women with NWO and 54 age‐matched healthy controls.MethodsWe measured total cholesterol, high‐density lipoproteins (HDL), low‐density lipoproteins (LDL), triglycerides (TG), glucose, insulin, visfatin and adiponectin.%BF, abdominal fat (Android) and hip fat (Gynoid) were measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Insulin resistance was evaluated by homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA‐IR).ResultsWomen with NWO had higher diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P = 0·003), LDL (P = 0·048), TG (P = 0·004) Android (P = 0·008) and Gynoid (P = 0·007) levels, but lower HDL (P = 0·009) than healthy controls. The NWO women had one (P = 0·041), two (P = 0·007) or three (P = 0·002) metabolic syndrome components more frequently than the controls. Across %BF tertiles, the number of metabolic syndrome components significantly increased (R = 0·21; P = 0·02), as did Gynoid (R = 0·83; P < 0·001) and Android (R = 0·81; P < 0·001) levels. Android (but not Gynoid) level was linearly associated with DBP (R = 0·194; P = 0·019), HDL (R = −0·295; P = 0·0004) and TG (R = 0·183; P = 0·031). Visfatin and adiponectin levels were comparable in both groups. Visfatin was inversely correlated with cholesterol, LDL and HOMA‐IR. Adiponectin was inversely correlated with the Android/Gynoid and Android/Total fat ratios.ConclusionsCompared with healthy controls, women with NWO had higher DBP, TG, LDL, and regional fat and lower HDL. These findings seem to be associated more with excess Android fat than excess %BF.
Interference competition, not predation, explains the negative association between wood ants (Formica rufa) and abundance of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Authors: HAWES CATHY , EVANS HUGH F. , STEWART ALAN J. A. 
Published: April 2013

Intraguild interactions between predators have significant implications for how multiple predators impact on their prey. Carabid assemblages are not generally thought to be structured by interspecific competitive interactions, species relative abundances instead being determined mainly by abiotic factors. However, several field studies report negative associations between the abundance of certain carabid species and the presence of wood ants.
Replicated laboratory experiments were used to monitor the behaviour of individual female Abax parallelepipedus (Piller & Mitterpacher) in the presence of a range of wood ant (Formica rufa L.) densities (including ant‐free controls) over 23 h. Carabids did not feed when wood ants were present. Running and defence activities were high at low ant densities but decreased with increasing ant density. At the highest ant density, all carabids were killed within the first 2 h of the experiment, but the ants did not consume the carabids after they had killed them. Carabid diurnal activity increased at the higher wood ant densities.
Female A. parallelepipedus and Pterostichus madidus (F.) maintained individually in the presence of five wood ants had significantly lower mean body weights and carried fewer eggs after 21 days compared to control beetles that had been kept without ants.
The results help to explain the reduced abundance of these two carabid species under field conditions when wood ants are present. We interpret these findings to mean that the interaction between wood ants and carabids is one of asymmetric aggressive interference competition rather than predation.
Spontaneous labelling and stigma associated with clinical characteristics of peers ‘at‐risk’ for psychosis
Authors: Anglin Deidre M. , Greenspoon Michelle I. , Lighty Quenesha , Corcoran Cheryl M. , Yang Lawrence H. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAimThe public health benefits of utilizing an ‘at‐risk for psychosis’ designation are tempered by concerns about stigma. It is therefore of interest to examine whether symptoms associated with this designation might spontaneously induce labels associated with a psychotic disorder, other non‐psychotic disorders or non‐psychiatric labels. This pilot study explored the labels associated with characteristics of ‘high risk for psychosis’ and the corresponding stigma level.MethodsA vignette describing an identical character, followed by a series of questions about stigmatizing attitudes towards the vignette character, was administered in the present investigation.ResultsThe results indicated that even though most young people (59%) did not spontaneously label the vignette character with psychotic‐like diagnostic labels, the single most frequent label provided was ‘paranoid/a’. When such labelling, that is, strongly tied to psychosis, occurred, respondents exhibited stronger stigmatizing attributions of fear compared to those indicating non‐psychiatric labels (e.g. ‘weird’).ConclusionsThese results suggest that the majority of respondents did not endorse diagnostic labels spontaneously, thus signaling that stigma in the majority of cases would not naturalistically be elicited. However, a segment of respondents evidenced stigma simply from behavioural changes manifested by individuals exhibiting signs of psychosis, independent of diagnosis. Implications for reducing any stigma associated with an ‘at‐risk for psychosis’ designation are discussed.
Report on the survey for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and the occurrence of other Bursaphelenchus species in Hungarian coniferous forests
Authors: Tóth Á. , Elekes M. 
Published: April 2013

An ongoing official survey to detect the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, a quarantine pest, started in 2003 in coniferous forests in Hungary. Based on the results of the study from 2003–11, B. xylophilus has not yet been detected in Hungary. Two other Bursaphelenchus species (B. mucronatus and B. vallesianus) were identified in samples in 2009. Details of the survey and the measurements of B. mucronatus and B. vallesianus are provided.
Richesse spécifique des ennemis naturels associés aux vergers d'agrumes au Maroc: Intérêt et implication pour la lutte biologique
Authors: Smaili M. C. , Abbassi M. , Boutaleb J. A. , Blenzar A. 
Published: April 2013

Ce travail a pour objectif de connaitre la richesse spécifique des ennemis naturels associés aux vergers d'agrumes au Maroc de 2001 à 2011. Les parasitoides Aphytis hispanicus Mercet, Aphytis lepidosaphes Compere, Aphytis melinus De Bach, Aphidius spp., Cales noacki Howard, Comperiella bifasciata Howard, Leptomastix dactylopii Howard, Citrostichus phyllocnistoides Narayanann et Semielacher petiolatus Girault, sont les plus abondants. Seules quatre espèces contribuent rèellement à la diminution de certains ravageurs du verger : A. melinus pour Aonidiella aurantii Maskell, C. noacki pour Aleurothrixus floccosus Maskell, et C. phyllocnistoides et S. petiolatus pour Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton. La cératite Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann est uniquement parasitée par Psyttalia concolor Szepligeti, mais sans avoir un impact réel de réduction de ses populations. Les prédateurs Adalia decempunctata L., Aphidoletes Aphidimyza Rondani, Chrysoperla carnea Stephens, Coccinella septempunctata L., Cybocephalus spp., Episyrphus balteatus DeGeer, Rodolia cardinalis Mulsant, Rhyzobius lophantae Blaisdell, Scymnus spp. et Stethorus punctillum Weise, sont les plus abondants. La coccinelle S. punctilllum et certaines espèces des genres Euseius, Iphiseius, Phytoseiulus, Neoseiulus, Typhlodromus, limitent essentiellement les populations des acariens. La conservation et la prise en compte de ces espèces bénéfiques dans les programmes de protection intégrée en vergers d'agrumes au Maroc est une nécessité. Certaines de ces espèces utiles inventoriées, en particulier celles introduites et reconnues comme efficaces en lutte biologique sur agrumes au Maroc, devraient êtres inscrites dans la Norme PM 6/3 de l'OEPP (Organisation Européenne et Méditerranéenne pour la Protection des Plantes).
First record of the red gum lerp psyllid Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in Tuscany (Italy)
Authors: Frasconi C. , Rossi E. , Antonelli R. , Loni A. 
Published: April 2013

The invasive Australian pest Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore, the red gum lerp psyllid, is recorded for the first time in Tuscany (Italy). Its occurrence in this new region, just 2 years after its first record in Italy, shows how rapidly its population has found suitable environmental conditions in Italian territories.
Wind‐induced variability in coastal larval retention areas: a case study on Western Baltic spring‐spawning herring
Authors: Bauer Robert Klaus , Stepputtis Daniel , Gräwe Ulf , Zimmermann Christopher , Hammer Cornelius 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe investigation of larval dispersal and retention, their variability and dependence on wind conditions, has become a major topic in fisheries research owing to potential effects on stock recruitment and stock structuring. The present study quantifies the wind‐induced variability of larval retention of herring in a highly productive coastal lagoon of the Western Baltic Sea. This lagoon, the Greifswalder Bodden, represents the main spawning area of Western Baltic Spring‐Spawning Herring, a stock that has recently undergone a continuous decline in recruitment. The study tests whether this decline was related to changes in larval retention, more precisely to changes in wind conditions, the main forcing of the lagoon's circulation. To answer this, a model approach was applied. Larvae were tracked as Lagrangian drifters under constant and variable wind conditions, examining the main drift patterns and reconstructing the incidents during the period of recruitment decline. For the latter, weekly cohorts of virtual larvae were released in the lagoon over the entire spawning period (April–June; >16 weeks). The fraction of retained larvae per cohort was related to observed larval abundances. On this basis, a new retention index was defined to evaluate the annual larval retention. The results presented cannot explain the observed recruitment decline but characterize the lagoon as an important larval retention area by virtue of unsteady wind conditions that prevent a steady outflow of larvae.
Core decompression and alendronate treatment of the osteonecrotic rat femoral head: computer‐assisted analysis
Authors: Peled Eli , Bejar Jacob , Barak Michal , Orion Eyal , Norman Doron 
Published: April 2013

SummaryFemoral head avascular necrosis is a process leading to femoral head deformity and osteoarthritic changes in the hip joint. Alendronate slows down bone resorption and remodelling in rats, while core decompression hastens the healing processes. We evaluated the influence of daily alendronate treatment on the rat femoral head shape after surgical osteonecrosis with core decompression, compared with controls. No differences were found in shape factor and femoral head height/length ratios. It was concluded that alendronate treatment slows down the process of replacing osteonecrotic bone by new bone and prevents early immature new bone collapse resulting from early revascularization because of core decompression.
Regenerative medicine as a new therapeutic strategy for lower urinary tract dysfunction
Authors: Sumino Yasuhiro , Mimata Hiromitsu 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe use of regenerative medicine for the treatment of organic and functional disorders intractable to conventional treatment has increased worldwide. This innovative medical field might particularly hold promise for the treatment of life‐threatening diseases or healing of irreplaceable organs, such as the heart, liver and brain. Dysfunction of the urogenital tract and associated organs other than the kidney might not have immediate life‐threatening implications; furthermore, the effectiveness of alternative therapy, such as enterocystoplasty for bladder cancer, has been shown. Therefore, most physicians or scientists do not give much importance to these disorders. However, urological disease has increased in developed societies in recent years. Furthermore, medical costs have also escalated. Disorders of the lower urinary tract, such as urinary disturbance or incontinence, can lead to other complications, impairing quality of life and ultimately increasing short‐ and long‐term medical expenses. Regenerative medicine might hold potential solutions to these problems. Recent advances in urogenital regenerative medicine are reviewed in the present article, with particular reference to lower urinary tract reconstruction. The potential of regenerative medicine for the treatment of intractable lower urinary tract dysfunction compared with conventional treatment is also discussed.
A Needs‐centred Educational Support Model for the Career Transitions of North Korean Defectors: Implications for South Korea's Support Policy
Authors: Roh Kyungran , Lee Romee 
Published: April 2013

AbstractNorth Korean defectors have faced significant challenges in finding and keeping jobs in the South Korean labour market due to their many differences from South Korean workers. As the number of defectors has increased, South Korea has experienced an increased need for employment support to assist defectors in overcoming challenges in their employment and leading them to stable economic status. This study aims to develop a needs‐centred educational support model for defectors' career transitions, compare the content of suggested support programmes with the content of currently provided support programmes, and suggest relevant policy implications. Based on this study's findings, the authors argue that defectors' employment needs differ from those of other groups of job seekers in Korea; thus, this population should be served differently with consistent educational support. Each stage of the developed model provides appropriate support programmes that reflect the unique employment needs of defectors.
Austérité budgétaire et flexibilisation du marché du travail: une association risquée
Authors: CAPALDO Jeronim , IZURIETA Alex 
Published: April 2013

Résumé.Les auteurs évaluent les effets de l'association entre politiques d'austérité budgétaire et de réduction du coût du travail, et apportent ainsi quelque éclairage sur les débats en cours. Ils s'attaquent au problème de l'agrégation dans une perspective mondiale au moyen d'un macromodèle mettant en évidence la dynamique de la répartition. La flexibilisation réduit la part salariale et entraîne des rétroactions qui s'enchaînent dans une spirale descendante avec une contraction de l'activité, même dans les économies tirées par les exportations. Les gains initiaux de compétitivité se révèlent éphémères. Sur le long terme, les salaires sont les premiers moteurs de l'économie mondiale, qui réagit positivement aux stimuli keynésiens coordonnés.
Mesurer les difficultés d'absorption de la force de travail dans les pays en développement: les limites du concept de taux de chômage
Authors: SYLLA Ndongo Samba 
Published: April 2013

Résumé.Le concept de chômage «standard» est souvent critiqué parce qu'il omet de nombreuses personnes classées comme travaillant ou inactives, alors qu'elles sont de fait dans une situation équivalant au chômage. L'auteur examine les limites de ce concept dans les pays en développement. Il commence par les problèmes méthodologiques et statistiques associés à la définition type du taux de chômage, puis s'interroge sur sa signification lorsque l'emploi est très hétérogène. Il montre ensuite que ce taux tend à sous‐estimer l'excès d'offre de travail et qu'il est un mauvais indicateur du déficit de travail décent. Il conclut sur les limites de ce taux en tant que guide de la politique économique.
Croissance économique et inégalités à Singapour: plaidoyer pour un salaire minimum
Authors: Hui Weng Tat 
Published: April 2013

Résumé.Sur fond de vieillissement de sa population et de dépendance vis‐à‐vis d'une main‐d'œuvre étrangère peu qualifiée, Singapour connaît une stagnation du revenu des travailleurs à bas salaire qui compromet l'objectif d'une croissance profitant à tous. L'auteur plaide pour l'instauration d'un salaire minimum, sans remettre en cause le complément de revenu actuellement versé aux travailleurs peu rémunérés. Il réfute les objections à cette instauration et en précise les modalités. Il propose aussi des mesures pour renforcer le filet de protection sociale et garantir une croissance durable.
Réflexions sur le traitement de la crise de l'emploi en Europe
Authors: Sarfati Hedva 
Published: April 2013

Résumé.L'Europe connaît depuis les années 1970 une crise chronique de l'emploi, qui a pris une ampleur sans précédent avec la crise économique actuelle. L'auteure examine certains éléments qui peuvent nous éclairer dans ce contexte: bilan du dialogue social et des pactes sociaux conclus pour réformer les marchés du travail et les régimes de retraite; évaluation des politiques actives du marché du travail; caractéristiques des économies résilientes. Elle conclut sur la nécessité de repenser le dialogue social, les filets de protection sociale, l'allocation du crédit, surtout vers les PME, et la coordination des politiques macroéconomiques en vue d'accroître la demande de travail.
Factors Influencing the Thermal Stability and Lead Sorption Capacity of Hydroxyapatite Manufactured by Precipitation Method Using Industrial Calcium Hydroxide
Authors: Salem Amin , Velayi Elmira 
Published: April 2013

In this study, the thermal stability of hydroxyapatite was investigated as a function of synthesis factors such as pH, aging time, and calcination temperature. Hydroxyapatite was prepared using calcium hydroxide and orthophosphoric acid and the effect of heat treatment on lead sorption were determined by the batch equilibrium technique. Although the thermal stability of powders was independent from the synthesized condition up to 800°C the material produced at neutral pH and aged during 24 h indicated the suitable stability even at 1000°C. Also, the powder synthesized at above condition completely removed lead compared to that for the other powders.
Successful presurgical management by intravenous steroid therapy in spinal dural arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Matsumoto Hideyuki , Ichi Shunsuke , Bannai Taro , Igeta Yukifusa , Suzuki Ichiro , Hashida Hideji 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe present report describes the case of a 57‐year‐old male patient with spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF). During the diagnostic examination, intravenous steroid therapy was implemented. The next day, the patient's symptoms were mildly improved and magnetic resonance imaging showed that the spinal cord swelling was markedly reduced. After the angiographic diagnosis of spinal dural AVF fed from the radicular artery originating from the sixth intercostal artery, the shunts were surgically interrupted by cutting the drainage vein. Clinical deterioration after steroid therapy was reported in several previous papers on this disorder. Based on the present case, however, we propose the possibility that intravenous steroid therapy is a viable option for presurgical management.
Systemic View on Heading and Overwintering: Are They Always Opposed?
Authors: Šimkūnas A. , Valašinaitė S. , Denisov V. , Salytė A. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe study investigated the cultivars of non‐obligatorily requiring vernalization plant Festulolium braunii and assessed the influence of non‐hardy reproductive and hardy vegetative structures on overwintering effect. The study was conducted taking into account systemic relations between these types of structures. The results show the cultivars differ according to the percentage of headed and overwintered plants, when the cultivars with the most abundant heading – ‘Felopa’ and ‘Sulino’ – are also better at overwintering. The positive correlation between heading and overwintering characteristics was also observed, what seemed to be a rather new finding. It can be explained by systemic effect: non‐hardy later reproductive structures induce the post‐generative regrowth of vegetative shoots, which during shorter days halt development and become potentially hardy. More detailed interpretation is also provided including discussion of causal mechanisms of the detected phenomenon. The authors suppose that these mechanisms constitute a survival strategy for such perennial plants. The observed late heading which represents reproductive structures could be applied in plant breeding as a marker of winter‐hardiness among perennial grass plants which non‐obligatorily demand vernalization.
Influences of health consciousness on consumers' modern health worries and willingness to use functional foods
Authors: Chen Mei‐Fang 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis study draws on research to ascertain whether or not consumers with varying degrees of health consciousness will have different degrees of modern health worries (MHWs) and willingness to use functional foods. A total of 1,166 responses collected in Taiwan indicate there are 5 extracted MHW factors: household environment safety; medical safety; environmental pollution; food safety and health; and radiation pollution. The results reveal that the high health consciousness group had higher mean scores of the extracted MHW factors and greater willingness to use functional foods than did its low counterpart. However, the MHW pattern between the two groups was almost the same. A comparison of sociodemographic characteristics between the 2 health‐consciousness groups is also included.