bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful Treatment of Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia due to an Intracranial Tumor by Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy
Authors: Tarasova Valentina D. , Trepp-Carrasco Alejandro G. , Thompson Robert , Recker Robert R. , Chong William H. , Collins Michael T. , Armas Laura A. G. 
Published: September 2013

Context:
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome, characterized by tumor secretion of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) causing hypophosphatemia due to renal phosphate wasting. TIO is usually caused by small, benign, difficult-to-localize, mesenchymal tumors. Although surgery with wide excision of tumor borders is considered the “gold standard” for definitive therapy, it can be associated with considerable morbidity depending on the location. To date, radiation therapy has not been considered as an effective treatment modality in TIO.

Objective:
A 67-year-old female presented with multiple nontraumatic fractures, progressive bone pain, and muscle weakness for 4 years. She was found to have biochemical evidence of urinary phosphate wasting with low serum phosphorus, low-normal serum calcium, normal 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and high serum FGF23 levels. TIO was diagnosed. Selective venous sampling for FGF23 confirmed that a 1.7-cm left frontal mass, radiographically similar to a meningioma, was the causative tumor. She declined surgery due to fear of complications and instead underwent fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for 6 weeks.

Results:
In less than 4 years after radiation therapy, she was successfully weaned off phosphorus and calcitriol, starting from 2 g of oral phosphorus daily and 1 μg of calcitriol daily. Her symptoms have resolved, and she has not had any new fractures.

Conclusions:
Stereotactic radiotherapy was an effective treatment modality for TIO in our patient. Fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy represents an alternative to surgery for patients with TIO who are not surgical candidates or who decline surgery.
High plasticity in epithelial morphogenesis during insect dorsal closure
Authors: Panfilio Kristen A. , Oberhofer Georg , Roth Siegfried 
Published: September 2013

Summary
Insect embryos complete the outer form of the body via dorsal closure (DC) of the epidermal flanks, replacing the transient extraembryonic (EE) tissue. Cell shape changes and morphogenetic behavior are well characterized for DC in Drosophila, but these data represent a single species with a secondarily reduced EE component (the amnioserosa) that is not representative across the insects. Here, we examine DC in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, providing the first detailed, functional analysis of DC in an insect with complete EE tissues (distinct amnion and serosa). Surprisingly, we find that differences between Drosophila and Tribolium DC are not restricted to the EE tissue, but also encompass the dorsal epidermis, which differs in cellular architecture and method of final closure (zippering). We then experimentally manipulated EE tissue complement via RNAi for Tc-zen1, allowing us to eliminate the serosa and still examine viable DC in a system with a single EE tissue (the amnion). We find that the EE domain is particularly plastic in morphogenetic behavior and tissue structure. In contrast, embryonic features and overall kinetics are robust to Tc-zen1RNAi manipulation in Tribolium and conserved with a more distantly related insect, but remain substantially different from Drosophila. Although correct DC is essential, plasticity and regulative, compensatory capacity have permitted DC to evolve within the insects. Thus, DC does not represent a strong developmental constraint on the nature of EE development, a property that may have contributed to the reduction of the EE component in the fly lineage.
Nucleophagy at a glance
Authors: Mijaljica Dalibor , Devenish Rodney J. 
Published: September 2013

Summary
Under certain circumstances, the removal of damaged or non-essential parts of the nucleus, or even an entire nucleus, is crucial in order to promote cell longevity and enable proper function. A selective form of autophagy, known as nucleophagy, can be used to accomplish the degradation of nucleus-derived material. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we summarize the similarities and differences between the divergent modes of nucleophagy that have been described to date, emphasizing, where possible, the molecular mechanism, the membrane interactions and rearrangements, and the nature of the nucleus-derived material that is degraded. In turn, we will consider nucleophagy processes in the lower eukaryotes, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, filamentous fungi Aspergillus and Magnaporthe oryzae and the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila, and finally in mammalian cells. We will also briefly discuss the emerging links between nucleophagy and human disease.
Reconstruction of the support function for inclusion from boundary measurements
Authors: Ikehata M. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
- First we give a formula (procedure) for the reconstruction of the support function for unknown inclusion by means of the Dirichlet to Neumann map. In the procedure we never make use of the unique continuation property or the Runge approximation property of the governing equation. Second we apply the method to a similar problem for the Helmholtz equation.
Observations on the Herpetofauna of the Builavânturariţa Massif (Southern Carpathians, Romania )
Authors: Iftime Alexandru , Iftime Oana 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The results of herpetological investigations in the Buila-Vânturariţa massif (Southern Carpathians, Romania) and its surrounding areas are reported here. 19 amphibian and reptile species were identified (Salamandra salamandra, Triturus cristatus, Ichthyosaura alpestris, Lissotriton vulgaris, Bombina variegata, Bufo bufo, B. viridis, Hyla arborea, Rana temporaria, R. dalmatina, Pelophylax ridibundus, P. lessonae, Emys orbicularis, Lacerta agilis, L. viridis, Podarcis muralis, Zootoca vivipara, Zamenis longissimus, Natrix natrix) and are presented together with distribution and ecological data.
Nano hydroxyapatite–polysulfone coating on Ti-6Al-4V substrate by electrospinning
Authors: Santhosh S. , Prabu S. Balasivanandha 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Titanium alloys that are used as implant materials generally fail due to the occurrence of significant localized corrosion by interactions with corrosive body fluid. Implants also undergo loosening and detachment from the bone due to its poor biocompatibility. In this study, nano hydroxyapatite synthesized via a wet chemical method, using calcium oxide obtained from sea shells, was used to prepare a composite coating with polysulfone and was electrospun on to Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The controlling parameters of electrospinning were varied to study the characteristics of the coating followed by bioactivity studies, to ensure the biocompatibility of the coated material.
Microstructures and corrosion resistance of three typical superlight Mg–Li alloys
Authors: Qu Zhikun , Wu Ruizhi , Zhang Jinghuai , Zhang Milin 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Three typical superlight Mg–Li alloys (Mg-5Li-3Al-2Zn, Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn and Mg-14Li-3Al-2Zn) with the matrixes of alfa(Mg), alfa(Mg) + beta(Li) and beta(Li), respectively, are prepared. The microstructures of the alloys are characterized using optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The corrosion resistant properties of the alloys are characterized by means of hydrogen evolution, weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization. The alloys are also oxidized at elevated temperature. The microstructure and corrosion resistant property of the alloys after oxidation are also characterized.
Activation of Developmental Nuclear Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 Signaling and Neurogenesis in Adult Brain by α7 Nicotinic Receptor Agonist
Authors: Narla Sridhar T. , Klejbor Ilona , Birkaya Barbara , Lee Yu-Wei , Morys Janusz , Stachowiak Ewa K. , Prokop Dorota , Bencherif Merouane , Stachowiak Michal K. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Reactivation of endogenous neurogenesis in the adult brain or spinal cord holds the key for treatment of central nervous system injuries and neurodegenerative disorders, which are major health care issues for the world's aging population. We have previously shown that activation of developmental integrative nuclear fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) signaling (INFS), via gene transfection, reactivates neurogenesis in the adult brain by promoting neuronal differentiation of brain neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs). In the present study, we report that targeting the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs) with a specific TC-7020 agonist led to a robust accumulation of endogenous FGFR1 in the cell nucleus. Nuclear FGFR1 accumulation was accompanied by an inhibition of proliferation of NS/PCs in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and by the generation of new neurons. Neuronal differentiation was observed in different regions of the adult mouse brain, including (a) βIII-Tubulin-expressing cortical neurons, (b) calretinin-expressing hippocampal neurons, and (c) cells in substantia nigra expressing the predopaminergic Nurr1+ phenotype. Furthermore, we showed that in vitro stimulation of neural stem/progenitor cells with α7nAChR agonist directly activated INFS and neuronal-like differentiation. TC-7020 stimulation of the βIII-Tubulin gene was accompanied by increased binding of FGFR1, CREB binding protein, and RNA polymerase II to a Nur77 targeted promoter region. TC-7020 augmented Nur77-dependent activation of nerve growth factor inducible-B protein responsive element, indicating that α7nAChR upregulation of βIII-Tubulin involves neurogenic FGFR1-Nur signaling. The reactivation of INFS and neurogenesis in adult brain by the α7nAChR agonist may offer a new strategy to treat brain injuries, neurodegenerative diseases, and neurodevelopmental diseases.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tracking of Ferumoxytol-Labeled Human Neural Stem Cells: Studies Leading to Clinical Use
Authors: Gutova Margarita , Frank Joseph A. , D'Apuzzo Massimo , Khankaldyyan Vazgen , Gilchrist Megan M. , Annala Alexander J. , Metz Marianne Z. , Abramyants Yelena , Herrmann Kelsey A. , Ghoda Lucy Y. , Najbauer Joseph , Brown Christine E. , Blanchard M. Suzette , Lesniak Maciej S. , Kim Seung U. , Barish Michael E. , Aboody Karen S. , Moats Rex A. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Numerous stem cell-based therapies are currently under clinical investigation, including the use of neural stem cells (NSCs) as delivery vehicles to target therapeutic agents to invasive brain tumors. The ability to monitor the time course, migration, and distribution of stem cells following transplantation into patients would provide critical information for optimizing treatment regimens. No effective cell-tracking methodology has yet garnered clinical acceptance. A highly promising noninvasive method for monitoring NSCs and potentially other cell types in vivo involves preloading them with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIOs) to enable cell tracking using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report here the preclinical studies that led to U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval for first-in-human investigational use of ferumoxytol to label NSCs prior to transplantation into brain tumor patients, followed by surveillance serial MRI. A combination of heparin, protamine sulfate, and ferumoxytol (HPF) was used to label the NSCs. HPF labeling did not affect cell viability, growth kinetics, or tumor tropism in vitro, and it enabled MRI visualization of NSC distribution within orthotopic glioma xenografts. MRI revealed dynamic in vivo NSC distribution at multiple time points following intracerebral or intravenous injection into glioma-bearing mice that correlated with histological analysis. Preclinical safety/toxicity studies of intracerebrally administered HPF-labeled NSCs in mice were also performed, and they showed no significant clinical or behavioral changes, no neuronal or systemic toxicities, and no abnormal accumulation of iron in the liver or spleen. These studies support the clinical use of ferumoxytol labeling of cells for post-transplant MRI visualization and tracking.
Les personnes âgées itinérantes — invisibles et exclues. Une analyse de trois stratégies pour contrer l’itinérance
Authors: Burns Victoria , Grenier Amanda , Lavoie Jean-Pierre , Rothwell David , Sussman Tamara 
Published: September 2013

En se basant sur le concept d’exclusion sociale, cet article soutient que le paradigme de l’État d’investissement social de même que l’accent mis par les politiques sur le vieillissement actif contribuent à l’exclusion des personnes âgées itinérantes (PAI) tant dans les politiques, les pratiques que la recherche. S’appuyant sur trois politiques et plans d’action sur l’itinérance émanant des gouvernements fédéral (canadien), provincial (québécois) et municipal (la Ville de Montréal), cet article montre comment l’exclusion des PAI se manifeste dans ces stratégies. Enfin, cet article démontre le besoin de reconnaître les multiples exclusions des PAI et conclut sur un appel à différents acteurs afin qu’ils adoptent une posture critique face aux discours et aux modèles normatifs qui concourent à l’exclusion de cette population.
Medieval monastic mortality: Hazard analysis of mortality differences between monastic and nonmonastic cemeteries in England
Authors: DeWitte Sharon N. , Boulware Jessica C. , Redfern Rebecca C. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTScholarship on life in medieval European monasteries has revealed a variety of factors that potentially affected mortality in these communities. Though there is some evidence based on age‐at‐death distributions from England that monastic males lived longer than members of the general public, what is missing from the literature is an explicit examination of how the risks of mortality within medieval monastic settings differed from those within contemporaneous lay populations. This study examines differences in the hazard of mortality for adult males between monastic cemeteries (n= 528) and non‐monastic cemeteries (n= 368) from London, all of which date to between AD 1050 and 1540. Age‐at‐death data from all cemeteries are pooled to estimate the Gompertz hazard of mortality, and “monastic” (i.e., buried in a monastic cemetery) is modeled as a covariate affecting this baseline hazard. The estimated effect of the monastic covariate is negative, suggesting that individuals in the monastic communities faced reduced risks of dying compared to their peers in the lay communities. These results suggest better diets, the positive health benefits of religious behavior, better living conditions in general in monasteries, or selective recruitment of healthy or higher socioeconomic status individuals. Am J Phys Anthropol 152:322–332, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pharmacokinetics and safety of the sesame lignans, sesamin and episesamin, in healthy subjects
Authors: Tomimori Namino , Tanaka Yasuhiro , Kitagawa Yoshinori , Fujii Wataru , Sakakibara Yutaka , Shibata Hiroshi 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTA single‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group and multiple oral dose study was conducted in 48 healthy subjects to investigate the pharmacokinetics and safety of multiple oral doses of sesame lignans (sesamin and episesamin). Subjects were randomly divided into two groups. Each subject was administered 50 mg of sesame lignans (sesamin/episesamin = 1/1) or placebo once daily for 28 days. The pharmacokinetics of the sesame lignans were investigated using 10 of the 24 subjects in the sesame lignans group. No serious adverse events were observed in this study. Sesamin was absorbed with a peak plasma concentration at 5.0 h. The plasma concentration of the main metabolite, SC‐1, reached a peak at 5.0 h and decreased rapidly with a terminal half‐life of 2.4 h. Episesamin was also absorbed with a peak plasma concentration at 5.0 h and decreased with a terminal half‐life of 7.1 h. The plasma concentration of the main metabolite, EC‐1, reached a peak at 5.0 h and decreased rapidly with a terminal half‐life of 3.4 h. The plasma concentrations of sesamin and episesamin reached a steady state by day 7. Sesame lignans were confirmed to be safe and tolerable in healthy subjects. The results of the pharmacokinetic study demonstrate that no accumulation was observed following multiple 50 mg doses of sesame lignans. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Environmental and behavioral modulation of the number of substantia nigra dopamine neurons in adult mice
Authors: Aumann Tim D. , Tomas Doris , Horne Malcolm K. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundRecent evidence indicates that hypothalamic neurons acquire or lose the capacity to synthesize and release dopamine (DA) in response to environmental stimuli, and this has functional and behavioral consequences for adult rats. We have evidence that neuronal activity, including that driven by afferent input, regulates acquisition and loss of the DA phenotype by substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) neurons in adult mice.HypothesesThe aims of the present study were to determine whether the environment or behavior regulates the number of SNc DA neurons in adult mice, and whether this is mediated by afferent input.MethodsAdult mice were subject to two different environments/behaviors: “mating” for 1 week or “environment enrichment” (EE) for 2 weeks; then the numbers of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH, the rate limiting enzyme in DA synthesis) immunopositive (TH+) and immunonegative (TH−) SNc neurons were counted.ResultsMore TH+ neurons were present in mated males whereas less TH+ neurons were present in mated females. Also, more TH+ neurons were present in EE males, and this increase was completely abolished by concurrent local infusion of GABAA receptor antagonists.ConclusionsThe number of DA neurons in the adult SNc is not fixed, but readily increases and decreases in response to environmental stimuli and/or behaviors. These changes are mediated by afferent input relaying information about the environment or behavior to SNc neurons.
Bioaccumulation and Excretion of Enantiomers of Myclobutanil in Tenebrio molitor Larvae Through Dietary Exposure
Authors: Lv Xiaotian , Liu Chen , Li Yaobin , Gao Yongxin , Guo Baoyuan , Wang Huili , Li Jianzhong 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTThe bioaccumulation and excretion of enantiomers of myclobutanil in Tenebrio molitor larvae through dietary exposure under laboratory conditions were investigated using high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS) based on a ChiralcelOD‐3R [cellulosetris‐tris‐(3, 5‐dichlorophenyl‐carbamate)] column. The wheat bran fed to Tenebrio molitor larvae was spiked with racemic myclobutanil at two dose levels of 20 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg (dry weight). The results showed that there was a significant trend of enantioselective bioaccumulation in the larvae with a preferential accumulation of (−)‐myclobutanil in 20 mg/kg dose exposure, but it was not obviously observed in the 2 mg/kg dose group. A kinetic model considering enantiomerization between the two enantiomers based on first‐order reactions was built and the rate constants were estimated to discuss the kinetic reason for the different concentrations of individual enantiomers in the larvae. The approximations implied an inversion between the two enantiomers with a relatively higher rate of the inversion from (−)‐myclobutanil to (+)‐myclobutanil. Meanwhile, analysis of data of excretion samples suggested the active excretion is probably an important pathway for the insect to eliminate myclobutanil rapidly with nonenantioselectivity as a passive transport process, which was consistent with the low accumulation efficiency of myclobutanil measured by BAF (bioaccumulation factor). Chirality 25:890–896, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hedonic hunger and binge eating among women with eating disorders
Authors: Witt Ashley A. , Lowe Michael R. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundHedonic hunger, the appetitive drive to eat to obtain pleasure in the absence of an energy deficit, is associated with overeating and with loss of control over eating, but has not been investigated among individuals with eating disorders.Objective(1) to compare participants with anorexia nervosa, restricting type (AN‐R), anorexia nervosa, binge‐purge type (AN‐B/P), and bulimia nervosa (BN) on scores on the Power of Food Scale (PFS), a self‐report measure of hedonic hunger; (2) to examine the relation between PFS scores and frequency of binge eating; and (3) to examine whether pre‐treatment PFS scores predict weight change during treatment.MethodThe PFS and measures of eating disorder symptomatology were administered to female patients with AN (N = 119) and BN (N = 144) at admission to residential treatment.ResultsParticipants with BN scored higher on the PFS compared to participants with AN‐R or AN‐B/P; there was a trend for those with AN‐B/P to score higher than those with AN‐R. PFS scores were positively associated with binge eating frequency among participants with BN; these associations remained significant when controlling for restraint and weight suppression. A similar pattern was found among participants with AN. PFS scores predicted weight change in AN but not BN.DiscussionResults suggest that hedonic processes may be important in stimulating binge eating. Furthermore, hedonic appetite may facilitate weight restoration in AN. Further research should investigate whether pre‐treatment PFS scores have prognostic significance with respect to eating disorder symptoms. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:273–280)
Affect and eating behavior in obese adults with and without elevated depression symptoms
Authors: Goldschmidt Andrea B. , Crosby Ross D. , Engel Scott G. , Crow Scott J. , Cao Li , Peterson Carol B. , Durkin Nora 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveAlthough there is a modest relation between obesity and depression, mechanisms that contribute to this co‐occurrence are unclear. This study examined mood and eating behavior among obese adults with and without elevated depression symptoms.MethodObese adults (N = 50) were subtyped according to a Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) cutoff of 14, indicating “probable depression.” Participants with (BDI ≥ 14; n = 15) and without (BDI < 14; n = 35) elevated depression symptoms were compared on affect‐ and eating‐related variables measured via questionnaire and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) using ANCOVA and mixed model regression.ResultsAfter adjusting for group differences in body mass index (BMI; p = .03), participants with elevated depression symptoms reported greater emotional eating via self‐report questionnaire [F(1,50) = 4.3; p = .04], as well as more frequent binge eating (Wald χ2 = 13.8; p < .001) and higher daily negative affect (Wald χ2 = 7.7; p = .005) on EMA recordings. Emotional eating mediated the relationship between depression status and BMI (indirect effect estimate = 3.79; 95% CI = 1.02–7.46).DiscussionEmotional eating and binge eating were more commonly reported by obese adults with elevated depression symptoms compared to those without and may occur against a general backdrop of overall low mood. Intervention and prevention programs for obesity and/or depression should address disordered eating to prevent or minimize adverse health consequences. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:281–286)