bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of a Foley Catheter Balloon as a Tool During Endoscopic Frontal Sinus Surgery in a Resource-Poor Environment
Authors: Askar Mohamed H. , El-Sherif Hossam S. , Tomoum Mohamed O. , Senior Brent A. 
Published: September 2014

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the non-Food and Drug Administration-approved off-label use of a 10F Foley catheter as a tool during endoscopic frontal sinus surgery. Method: A cohort of 40 patients with chronic frontal rhinosinusitis was prospectively evaluated using the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22), computed tomography (CT) imaging, and endoscopic examination. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) was performed in the usual fashion, however, when approaching the frontal sinus, a 10F Foley catheter was inserted and the balloon inflated in the frontal outflow. Patients were assessed postoperatively with SNOT-22, CT imaging, and endoscopic assessment at 6 months. Results: Successful intraoperative dilation of the frontal recess was achieved in 62 of 69 frontal sinuses (90%). No cerebrospinal fluid leak or orbital entry occurred. Six months postoperative, SNOT-22 scores showed significant improvement, whereas endoscopic assessment revealed patent frontal recess in 55 of 62 (89%) frontal sinuses. Computed tomography imaging was completed in 25 patients comprising 41 operated frontal sinuses with no mucosal thickening seen in 37 of 41 (90%). Conclusion: The 10F Foley catheter is an effective tool to dilate the frontal recess by compression of edema during ESS. It may be a safe and cost-effective alternative to high-cost commercially available sinus balloons, especially in resource-poor environments.
Heart-type fatty acid binding protein in early diagnosis of myocardial infarction in the era of high-sensitivity troponin: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liou Kevin , Ho Suyen , Ooi Sze-Yuan 
Published: September 2014

Introduction Heart-type fatty acid binding protein (HT FABP) is an emerging biomarker of ischaemic myocardial necrosis. While previous studies have demonstrated its additive value when compared to contemporary troponin assays in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), its utility in the era of high-sensitivity troponin (hsTn) assays remains undetermined. Methodology A systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies was performed comparing the diagnostic performance of HT FABP both alone and in conjunction with hsTn in the early diagnosis and exclusion of AMI. Results A systematic literature search yielded eight eligible studies including 3395 patients. Of these, 716 patients (21.1%) were eventually diagnosed with AMI. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for hsTn on admission was 82.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 79.8–85.0%) and 89.7% (95% CI: 88.7–90.6%), respectively, while the area under the curve (AUC) for the summary receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve is 0.92 (SE 0.02). While the pooled specificity (84.6%, 95% CI: 83.2–85.9%) of admission HT FABP is similar to hsTn for the early diagnosis of AMI ( P = 0.07), its pooled sensitivity (63.5%, 95% CI: 59.9–67.1%, P < 0.001) is significantly worse. Accordingly, the AUC of the summary ROC curve for HT FABP (0.79, SE 0.03) is inferior to hsTn ( P < 0.0001). The addition of HT FABP to hsTn resulted in no improvement in the sensitivity ( P = 0.058) and worsened the specificity ( P = 0.001) in the early diagnosis of AMI compared to hsTn alone. Conclusion HT FABP does not appear to improve the diagnostic accuracy of hsTn, and consequently its routine use currently cannot not be recommended.
Don't reinvent the wheel: the search for an identity for public administration
Authors: Zalmanovitch Yair 
Published: September 2014

For many years, public administration has suffered from an identity crisis. This article argues that public administration's identity actually exists in the form of abandoned and often neglected fragments of well-established knowledge. We advocate reassembling these fragments and arranging them using a logic that will crystallize an identity for public administration. Our approach is based on viewing public administration as a social science of results, not a profession relying on a generic viewpoint. We maintain that there is a trialectic system of relationships among three pillars of public administration: the political, the legal and the managerial. The interrelationships between these pillars generate configurations, temporary arrangements geared toward certain issues. At any given time, one pillar may be emphasized over the other two. Such variations should not be viewed as a crisis of identity. Rather, this article suggests a research agenda for examining the identity of the field through longitudinal historical studies in which configurations may be identified in order to determine the conditions and circumstances that led to the variations in emphasis among the pillars. The more knowledge that is accumulated, the better we will be able to develop a reasonable approach for public administration and free it from oft-repeated cries of identity crisis. Points for practitioners Practitioners should be aware of the logic presented in this article. A logic that views the identity of public administration not in generic terms, but rather as a field of inquiry that is influential and consequential. It should be regarded as a social science of results that politicians use to solve citizens' problems. Hence, in democracies, the three pillars, the legal, the managerial and the political, interact constantly, constituting a range of public administration configurations. Configurative cyclicality should be regarded as public administration's normal, natural state of being. Normality means that a temporary configuration of the three basic pillars of the field does not testify to a crisis of identity, but constitutes an interim variation of interrelationships under special circumstances and conditions.
Randomized Controlled Withdrawal Study of Upper Airway Stimulation on OSA: Short‐ and Long‐term Effect
Authors: Woodson B. Tucker , Gillespie M. Boyd , Soose Ryan J. , Maurer Joachim T. , de Vries Nico , Steward David L. , Baskin Jonathan Z. , Padhya Tapan A. , Lin Ho‐sheng , Mickelson Sam , Badr Safwan M. , Strohl Kingman P. , Strollo Patrick J. ,   STAR Trial Investigators
Published: September 2014

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and durability of upper airway stimulation via the hypoglossal nerve on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity including objective and subjective clinical outcome measures.Study DesignA randomized controlled therapy withdrawal study.SettingIndustry‐supported multicenter academic and clinical setting.SubjectsA consecutive cohort of 46 responders at 12 months from a prospective phase III trial of 126 implanted participants.MethodsParticipants were randomized to either therapy maintenance (“ON”) group or therapy withdrawal (“OFF”) group for a minimum of 1 week. Short‐term withdrawal effect as well as durability at 18 months of primary (apnea hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation index) and secondary outcomes (arousal index, oxygen desaturation metrics, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire, snoring, and blood pressure) were assessed.ResultsBoth therapy withdrawal group and maintenance group demonstrated significant improvements in outcomes at 12 months compared to study baseline. In the randomized assessment, therapy withdrawal group returned to baseline, and therapy maintenance group demonstrated no change. At 18 months with therapy on in both groups, all objective respiratory and subjective outcome measures showed sustained improvement similar to those observed at 12 months.ConclusionWithdrawal of therapeutic upper airway stimulation results in worsening of both objective and subjective measures of sleep and breathing, which when resumed results in sustained effect at 18 months. Reduction of obstructive sleep apnea severity and improvement of quality of life were attributed directly to the effects of the electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve.
Model-based control of a diesel engine variable geometry turbine and exhaust gas recirculation system using a linear parameter varying methodology
Authors: Lee Minkwang , Sunwoo Myoungho 
Published: September 2014

Diesel engines are widely used for passenger cars these days because of their high fuel efficiency. Although diesel engines have emission problems (oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter) originated from the compression ignition combustion characteristics, both of these types of emissions have been reduced by after-treatment systems such as selective catalytic reduction, diesel particulate filter and so on. In addition, due to the stringent carbon dioxide regulations, the fuel-efficient diesel engine as a powerplant for passenger cars occupies a major position in the passenger car market in Asia and Europe. In order to make diesel engines clean and efficient, appropriate control systems for air-path, combustion, and after-treatment are required. Particularly, an air-path control system is the most important part of the control system of diesel engines because the air-path system determines the dynamic behaviour of the engines. Control strategies for combustion and after-treatment systems are generated based on the air-path behaviour. In this paper, modelling and control of an air-path system for a turbocharged common-rail direct injection diesel engine are proposed. A linear parameter varying methodology is adopted for deriving an air-path system model. The linear parameter varying technique has the advantage of converting a complex nonlinear system in modelling into a simplified linear system. The air-path system model is derived with a linear three-state model, and the model accuracy is verified by driving cycle tests. The framework of a robust H∞ controller design is applied to the simplified linear parameter varying air-path model, and this synthesized H∞ controller is validated with engine experiments. The experimental results show that linear parameter varying model-based diesel engine air-path control allows better performance than a production engine management system, which requires massive calibration work.
When They Call, Will They Come? A Contextually Responsive Approach for Engaging Multistressed Families in an Urban Child Mental Health Center
Authors: Stern Susan B. , Walsh Margaret , Mercado Micaela , Levene Kathryn , Pepler Debra J. , Carr Ashley , Heppell Allison , Lowe Erin 
Published: September 2014

Objective: This study examines the effect of an ecological and contextually responsive approach, during initial intake call, on engagement for multistressed families seeking child mental health services in an urban setting. Methods: Using a randomized design, parents were allocated to phone Intake As Usual (IAU) or Enhanced Engagement Phone Intake (EEPI). IAU consisted of a lengthy mandated standardized phone intake interview. EEPI, wrapped around the standard intake, was a flexible approach, attuning to the parent’s concerns, help-seeking experience, and stressors and incorporating problem-solving and motivational interviewing. Results: Controlling for child gender, child age, income, and marital status, parents in the EEPI condition were 3 times more likely to attend their initial face-to-face agency appointment and subsequent treatment services. Conclusions: This study contributes to building the evidence base for early engagement approaches responsive to families’ broader ecological context to ensure that vulnerable children and families access and receive benefits of treatment.
The effective marketing of small-scale tourism enterprises through national stuctures: Lessons from a two-way comparative study of farm tourist accommodation in the United Kingdom and New Zealand
Authors: Clarke Jackie 
Published: September 2014

The paper stems from PlID research conducted at the School of Hotel and Catering Marlagelltellt, Oxford Brookes University. Small-scale tourism enterprises are subject to marketing problems caused by their relative isolation. National structures, the progressive development of successive levels into all integrated national structure, facilitate the effective marketing ofsutch small-scale enterprises, enabling more efficient use of limited marketing resources, linkage into the glohal tourism system, and absorption of tourist members. This paper aims to demonstrate tlhe ability of national strutctures to solve problems, and to present the strengths alld weaknesses of two differerlt national structures, so that other small-scale enterprises might benefit. Farm tourist accommodation is a prime example of small-scale tourism enterprises. The paper focuses on a two-way comparative study of the national structures established for the marketing of farm tourist accommodation in the United Kingdom and New Zealand.
Short- and long-term business development for travel agents
Authors: Higgs Geoffrey 
Published: September 2014

This paper describes a creative, organic approach to business development using a range of techniques to intensify and speed up the idea generation and screening process. It views business development as a cyclical activity which coincides with the annual budget round. All travel agencies are concerned with three business development aims - client retention, persuading clients to buy more at each transaction and to buy more frequently, and to attract new clients. There is no shortage of ideas in the travel trade on how these aims might be met. The large numbers of ideas puts a premium on how to make choices. The paper suggests ways of generating and quickly processing a large number of ideas and roughly matching these to a firm's requirements.
Holiday Inns Worldwide launch down under: an Australian preliminary case study
Authors: Sogar D. Horace , Oostdyck Willem , Cogar Scott D. 
Published: September 2014

Holiday Inns Worldwide has recently acquired the management contract for Australia's largest and most diverse resort. Hamilton Island Resort is situated in the Whitsunday Islands off the Queenslaud coast. Though well positioned as a global hotel operator, Holiday Inns lacks awareness in Australia. This paper addresses the following key issues: — Holiday Inns' regional ambitions; — why Holiday Inns needed Hamilton Island; — how the resort's new branding ( positioning) was determined; — how the product was modified to satisfy the branding; —how it is communicating its marketing strategy; and — the level of success of branding ( positioning). The fate of the newest and biggest Crowine Plaza Resort may well determine the immediate success of the Holiday Inns chain in this country. The future marketing direction of the operators will impact on the perception within the market. Follow-up papers and comparative analysis will detail the ongoing marketing efforts and their performance in this new market for Holiday Inns.
Sex still sells to Generation X: Promotional practice and the youth package holiday market
Authors: Pritchard Annette , Morgan Nigel J. 
Published: September 2014

The paper discusses the curent tourism promotional activities targeting the youth package market. It argues that marketing messages which use sexual imagery are an example of the successful targeting of Generation X. The marketing strategies of the UK youth tourism operator Club 18-30 form the case study although the discussion is relevant for all tourism marketers interested in appealing to the youth market segment. The paper briefly discusses market segmentation and then reviews some of the recent literature which highlights the lifestyle characteristics of today's young consumers. Its main focus, however, is to highlight the role of sexual imagery in tourism marketing and to assess the success of a particular campaign which clearly uses sex to sell torrrism products. It concludes that this is an effective campaign aimed at younger consumers, especially in view of recent arguments that many market-
North American visitor trends to the UK — Is it time for a review of the product?
Authors: Gibson Bob 
Published: September 2014

Tourists from the USA have been an important feature of the UK tourism business for many years. However, the number for 1994 are less than that of a decade earlier, with a peak figure, prior to 1995, occurring back in 1985. Certain special factors affecting US tourism to the UK are well known, such as the Libyan crisis or the Gulf War, but the trend over the last decade is very flat especially when viewed in relation to other generating countries. After an overview of the development of US tourism to the UK the paper argues that this trend may be a combination of features. Demographic trends ill the USA and newer competing destinations mean that the UK and even Europe is no longer an automatic prime choice for the US tourist. Furthermore the lack of innovation by the UK tourist industry may be compounding the problem. Many US visitors perceive the UK as a historic and heritage destination — traditionally a strength of the UK product. However, even here it is possible the UK is not making the best of its assets and tailoring the product to the growing demands of the repeat visitor market. Examples of destinations largely ignored by the mainstream market are highlighted following research into the historical roots of one of the original 13 states of the USA.
Direct-to-Consumer Prescription Medicine Advertising and Seniors’ Knowledge of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Park Jin Seong 
Published: September 2014

Purpose: This study examined whether seniors’ exposure to direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) medicine contributes to his or her subjective and objective knowledge of AD. Methods: A self-administered survey was conducted with a sample of 626 US seniors who were registered for an online consumer research panel. Results: The study found that (1) exposure to DTCA for AD medicine was positively related to seniors’ subjective knowledge of AD, (2) DTCA exposure had no significant relationship with overall objective knowledge of AD, and (3) DTCA exposure might influence knowledge of specific features of AD. Implications: Although DTCA for AD medicine may induce people to “feel” knowledgeable about AD, it may not result in an equivalent increase in actual knowledge. Therefore, to enhance doctor–patient interactions, both patients and doctors should be aware that although DTCA delivers important and potentially useful health information, it does not necessarily enhance actual knowledge.
Deep-Vein Thrombosis Prophylaxis in Foot and Ankle Surgery
Authors: Shah Kalpesh , Thevendran Gowreeson , Younger Alastair , Pinney Stephen J. 
Published: September 2014

Background. When contemplating thromboprophylaxis for patients undergoing elective foot and ankle surgery the potential for complications secondary to venous thromboembolism (VTE) must be balanced against the cost, risk, and effectiveness of prophylactic treatment. The incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) following foot and ankle surgery is considerably lower than after hip or knee surgery. The purpose of this study was to assess current trends in practice regarding VTE prophylaxis among expert orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeons. Methods. An e-mail-based survey of active AOFAS (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) committee members was conducted (n = 100). Surgeons were questioned as to their use, type, and duration of thromboprophylaxis following elective ankle fusion surgery. Scenarios included the following: (1) A 50-year-old woman with no risk factors; (2) a 50-year-old woman with a history of PE; and (3) a 35-year-old woman actively using birth control pills (BCPs). Results. The response rate for the survey was 80% (80/100). Replies regarding the use of thromboprophylaxis were as follows: (1) in the absence of risk factors, 57% of respondents (45/80) answered, “No prophylaxis required”; (2) for the scenario in which the patient had experienced a previous PE, 97.5% of respondents (78/80) answered, “Yes” to prophylaxis use; (3) for the scenario in which the patient was on BCP, 61.3% of respondents (49/80) stated that they would give some type of thromboprophylaxis. The most commonly recommended methods of prophylaxis were aspirin, 49% (24/49), and low-molecular-weight heparin, 47% (23/49). The recommended length of time for thromboprophylaxis varied widely, from 1 day to more than 6 weeks. Conclusion. There remains wide variation in the practice of deep-vein thrombosis thromboprophylaxis within the foot and ankle community. Because risks for foot and ankle patients differ from those in the well-studied areas of hip and knee, specific guidelines are needed for foot and ankle surgery. Levels of Evidence: Level V: Expert Opinion
Acute Posterior Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome Caused by Gouty Tophus
Authors: Lui Tun Hing 
Published: September 2014

Gouty tophus of the tarsal tunnel is a rare cause of posterior tarsal tunnel syndrome. We present a case of acute posterior tarsal tunnel syndrome due to gouty tophus that required early tarsal tunnel release in order to avoid irreversible nerve damage. The presence of background neuropathy resulted in a less favorable result than expected. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level V: Case report
The Adult Ball-and-Socket Ankle Joint
Authors: Lewis John S. , DeOrio James K. 
Published: September 2014

Background: We review the surgical management of 4 adult patients with ball-and-socket ankle deformity who developed end-stage subtalar and/or ankle joint arthritis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a series of 4 adult patients with ball-and-socket ankle configurations who underwent surgical treatment for either end-stage tibiotalar or subtalar arthritis, with either subtalar arthrodesis or total ankle replacement (TAR). Clinical outcome, including subjective pain assessment, limitation of activities, and difficulty with shoe wear, were assessed at follow-up. Results: A total of 5 ankles in 4 patients were identified that met the inclusion criteria. There were 3 subtalar arthrodeses in 2 patients and 2 primary TARs in 2 patients. At an average follow-up of 30.5 (range = 17 to 59) months, there were no failures, although 1 patient who underwent TAR was considered an impending failure with aseptic component loosening. Of the 4 patients, 3 resumed normal activity with minimal pain and were very pleased with their overall outcome. Conclusion: Standard surgical interventions for ankle and subtalar arthritis, such as total ankle arthroplasty and subtalar arthrodesis, can be successfully performed in patients with ball-and-socket ankles; clinical outcome and survivorship, however, may be inferior to that in patients with normal ankle configurations. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case Series
Role for early-differentiated natural killer cells in infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Azzi Tarik , Lünemann Anna , Murer Anita , Ueda Seigo , Béziat Vivien , Malmberg Karl-Johan , Staubli Georg , Gysin Claudine , Berger Christoph , Münz Christian , Chijioke Obinna , Nadal David 
Published: September 2014

Key Points
Early-differentiated NK cells accumulate and proliferate during IM. These early-differentiated NK cells preferentially target lytic EBV-infected B cells in vitro.
Investigating osteogenic differentiation in multiple myeloma using a novel 3D bone marrow niche model
Authors: Reagan Michaela R. , Mishima Yuji , Glavey Siobhan V. , Zhang Yong , Manier Salomon , Lu Zhi Ning , Memarzadeh Masoumeh , Zhang Yu , Sacco Antonio , Aljawai Yosra , Shi Jiantao , Tai Yu-Tzu , Ready John E. , Kaplan David L. , Roccaro Aldo M. , Ghobrial Irene M. 
Published: September 2014

Key Points
3D bone marrow niche model recapitulates in vivo interactions of tumor and bone cells in a more biologically relevant system than in 2D. Differential expression levels of miRs in MSCs provide novel insights into mechanisms of regulation of osteoblasts in multiple myeloma.