bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of risk factors of age macular degeneration in general population with STARS 2.0 questionnaire
Authors: CREUZOT‐GARCHER C , CHIAMBARETTA F , COHEN SY , KOROBELNIK J , SOUIED E , WEBER M , DELCOURT C 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Age‐related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness and visual impairment in industrialized countries.STARS questionnaire was developed as a fast and simple tool for detecting individuals at high risk of AMD. A study performed with first version included more than 12,000 people and confirmed the relevance of different items. Some limits were also noticed and corrected in the present questionnaire named STARS 2.0.Methods All patients over 55 years examined by eighty French ophthalmologists were included during one week selected at clinicien disctretion between March 2013 and March 2014. AMD risks factors were collected with a statistical weight assigned to each risk factors. A composite score given by the sum of each risk factors was calculated. Fundus examination to detect macular disease was performed in the same time.Results 6837 Patients with 60% of female were included. 31%, 29.6%, 29.6% and 9.9% of the patients were respectively between [55 and 65] ,[65 and 74], [75 and 85], and over 85. Fundus exam found that 71% of the patient did not suffer from AMD on both sides while 10.3% of the patients presented with an advanced AMD on at least one eye.Conclusion STARS 2.0 questionnaire can help ophthalmologists to identify AMD risk factors to prevent AMD in clinical practice. It should be used also in general population to detect patients at high risk for AMD.
Commercial interest
Intravitreal ranibizumab for neovascular age­related macular degeneration with a Treat and Extend protocol: anatomical and functional results
Authors: MEILLON C , KOEHRER P , ISAICO R , BONNABEL A , BRON AM , CREUZOT‐GARCHER C 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the efficacy of the Treat andExtend regimen using intravitreal ranibizumab for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD)Methods A retrospective single‐center study including naive nAMD patients confirmed with a fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography and a macular SD‐OCT. After 3 monthly intravitreal ranibizumab injections, the interval between two injections was sequentially extended or shortened by 2 weeks depending on the presence or the absence of exudative disease with a maximum of 12 weeks. At each visit, an ETDRS VA and a macular SD‐OCT were performed. The functional outcomes were the gain in VA and the proportion of patients gaining at least three lines. The anatomical outcome was central retinal thickness (CRT) on OCT. The secondary outcomes were the number of injections.Results 111 patients were followed for one year, and 66 of them for two years. At baseline, the median VA was 59 [45‐70] letters and the median CRT was 326 [271‐402] µm. The median VA gain was 9 [2‐17] letters after one year and 10 [2‐23] letters after two years. Almost 30% gained more than three lines after 1 year and 42% after 2 years. The median decrease in CRT was 80 [29‐161] µm and 100 [57‐151] µm after 1 and 2 years, respectively. The median number of injections was 9 [8‐10] after one year and 10 [2‐23] after 2 years.Conclusion A Tret and Extend regimen with ranibizumab provides good visual outcomes after 1 and 2 years of follow‐up and seems to be an efficient strategy for the treatment of nAMD.
A rare case of Crohn’s disease with papilledema of the optic nerve
Authors: KOEV K 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose A case of а thirty year old woman is described with Crohn’s disease who presented with ocular symptoms. Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease, resulting in swelling and dysfunction of the intestinal tract.Methods The patient was examined for visual acuity, Оptical coherence tomography (OCT), automatic computerized perimetry (ACP) and fundoscopy. Except the intestinal manifestations peculiar for Crohn's Disease, in the patient were observed articular, dermatological manifestations (dermatitis and psoriasis of the forehead and the head).Results The patient examined presented with ocular changes, which is very uncommon with the disease. VOD = 1.0 +0,75 DS VOS = 1.0 +0,75 DS. We observed changes in the course of the conjunctival vessels, tortuosity and a light edema of the vessels. Similar changes were observed in the vessels of the posterior pole of the retina. We observed changes in the papilla of the optic nerve, which are unrecognized in literature. Under the OCT performed, we observed edema in the central areas of the optic nerves, more pronounced in the vascular funnel of the right eye ‐ 534 µm, and less pronounced in the left eye ‐ 356 µm. Under an ACP, we observed changes in the blind spot.Conclusion Generally, in ophthalmologic aspect, Crohn’s Disease affects episclera, cornea, conjunctiva, iris and uvea. There is presented a rare case of Crohn’s Disease with changes in the papilla of the optic nerve.
Cystoid macular edema and ocular toxocariasis in adult patients
Authors: DESPREAUX R , FARDEAU C , CHAMPION E , BRASNU E , BODAGHI B , LEHOANG P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To report clinical features in proven ocular Toxocariasis in adult patients.Methods This retrospective study included 14 adults suffering from chronic uveitis whose clinical signs suggested an ocular toxocariasis, secondarely confirmed by semi‐quantitative western blot (WB) in aqueous or vitreous humor. The clinical characteristics and signs of uveitis had been analysed, especially : anterior chamber flare meter measurement, vitreous aspect, presence of retinal granuloma, retinal haemorrhages or cystoid macular edema.Results We had included 6 women and 8 men. The average age of patients at diagnosis was 45.6 years with an average time of diagnosis of 15.1 months. Uveitis was unilateral. All patients having a vitreous inflammation whose 11 also had a panuveitis. The main clinical signs observed were : one or more active focal deep whitish lesions in retinal periphery (78%), retinal hemorrhages (36%) or vitreoretinal tractions (64%). The main posterior segment complication observed was a chronic macular edema (71%). Patients had been followed during an average of 21.4 months.Conclusion Ocular toxocariasis could induce chronic unilateral posterior uveitis in adults. The presence of a vitreous cellular inflammation is consistenly found. While whitish peripheral granuloma and vitreoretinal tractions appear very suggestive, a chronic cystoid macular edema is found as main complication. This diagnosis could be delayed in atypical forms so aqueous humor and vitreous sampling for testing toxocariasis by semi‐quantitative WB remains still helpful.
Serous macular detachment of the neuro‐epithelium in patient with tuberculous choroidal granuloma.
Authors: HALFELD FURTADO DE MENDONCA R , DE OLIVEIRA MAIA JR. O 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To describe an interesting serous macular detachment of the neuro‐epithelium in a patient with tuberculous choroidal granuloma. Setting : Choroidal tubercles are a common manifestation of ocular tuberculosis and represent a direct mycobacterial infection of the choroid.Methods A 41 year old man complained of blurred vision in his right eye over the past 5 days. His brother was recently treated for pulmonary tuberculosis. Visual acuity in the right eye was 20/40 and in the left eye 20/20. The intraocular pressure was 12 mmHg in RE and 10 mmHg LE. Fundus examination of the right eye showed an active tuberculous choroidal granuloma. Fundus examination of the left eye was normal. The OCT of the right eye showed a serous macular detachment of the neuro‐epithelium. The tests were positive for tuberculosis.Results The patient underwent a specific treatment for tuberculosis. At 3‐months follow‐up, the visual acuity in both eyes was 20/20. Fundus examination showed a complete resolution of the tuberculous choroidal granuloma and of the serous macular detachment of the neuro‐epithelium.Conclusion Ocular tuberculosis may occur in the absence of systemic clinical activity and may mimic several clinical entities. In some cases, the ophthalmologic exams are very important for the early diagnosis to avoid systemic complications.
Immunosuppressive treatment in sympathetic ophthalmia long‐term visual outcome
Authors: HRARAT L , FARDEAU C , LEHOANG P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Sympathetic ophthalmia(OS) is a chronic bilateral recurrent granulomatous pan uveitis following a traumatic or surgical transfixing wound.The aim of the study is to evaluate retrospectively the long‐term visual outcome on various immunosuppressants(IS) used in the OS managementMethods Serial patients with fitting clinical and ancillary data were included in the study.On admission, all patients were treated with a methylprednisolone bolus followed by oral prednisone to 1mg/kg/day,tapered before beginning IS therapy.Three phases have been identified for the collection of various parameters:Admission time,after one and three year under various IS treatments.The primary endpoint is a criterion combining cellular vitreous decrease of 2 marks with steroid dose sparing.Results 10 eyes of 10 patients with OS were included.After admission time the administrated IS were: Azathioprine(1year N=6 and 3years N=3),Mycophenolate mophetyl(1year N=2),Methotrexate(1year N=1) Interferon alpha2a(1year N=6,3 years N=1).Evaluation of the primary endpoint is success at 1 year under IS:4 with Azathioprine(66%),with Mycophenolate mophetyl(50%),No success with Methotrexate and 6 with Interferon(100%). The mean steroid sparing was 12mg under Interferon,18mg under Azathioprine,20mg under Mycophenolate mophetyl,20mg under Methotrexate.Evaluation of the primary endpoint is Success At 3 years under IS: 3 with Azathioprine(100%)and 1 with Interferon(100%). The mean steroid sparing was 7mg under Azathioprine and 5 mg under Interferon.Conclusion Interferon alpha2a and Azathioprine appeared the most effective in controlling the disease and in terms of steroid sparing effect.
Intravitreal ranibizumab for the treatment of irvine‐gass syndrome
Authors: CHATZIRALLI I , PARIKAKIS E , PEPONIS V , TSIOTRA V , MITROPOULOS P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose The purpose of our study was to evaluate the potential efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab in patients with pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (CME).Methods This retrospective study comprised seven eyes with CME treated with intravitreal ranibizumab. Patients were examined at one week, one month after injection and monthly thereafter. Main outcome measures included changes in best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT). Safety was assessed by ophthalmic examination and report of systemic adverse effects.Results There was a statistically significant difference on BCVA (p<0.001) and CRT (p<0.001) before and after the ranibizumab injection. One injection appeared to be sufficient for the resolution of CME, while recurrence was observed in one patient, in a long‐term follow‐up. No observable ocular or systemic side‐effects were found.Conclusion Intravitreal ranibizumab seems to be effective and safe for the treatment of pseudophakic CME, demonstrating a statistically significant difference in BCVA as well as CRT.
Role of SD‐OCT in the diagnosis and management of a late‐onset corneal LASIK flap tear secondary to screwdriver trauma
Authors: ESTEBAN O , RODRIGUEZ NA , ASCASO FJ , SOLANAS S 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Traumatic flap displacement is a known possible complication after LASIK. It occurs most commonly in the first 24 h following surgery in approximately 1%‐2% of cases. However, late flap dislocations have also been reported. We present a case of traumatic flap displacement occurring four years after the initial LASIK surgery.Methods Interventional case report showing the role of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) in the management of the LASIK flap dislocation.Results A 29‐year‐old man presented with blurred vision, photophobia, and pain after trauma to his left eye caused by a screwdriver. He had a history of moderate myopia and had undergone uneventful bilateral LASIK 10 years previously. On examination, he had a 180‐degree traumatic corneal flap dislocation with an inverted tear in the temporal cornea. We performed a precise exploration by SD‐OCT after repositioning the corneal flap and a disposable contact lens, used as a therapeutic bandage, was placed on the cornea. Topical antibiotics and glucocorticoids were administered. One month postoperatively, his previous visual acuity had recovered and the dislodged flap showed an epithelial ingrowth, which did not require removal.Conclusion Early recognition, precise control by SD‐OCT and reposition the flap along with hydrating the flap together with a contact lens, topical antibiotics and steroids may be a good treatment option. Late traumatic flap dehiscence is a rare complication which demonstrates the vulnerability the flap‐bed stromal interface how a potential zone of weakness for many years following the procedure. Patients should be advised to visit ophthalmologist for injury after LASIK.
Comparison of the lubricant eye drops Optive®, Vismed® and Cationorm® on the corneal healing process in an ex‐vivo model of the anterior ocular segment, the Ex Vivo Eye Irritation Test (EVEIT) System.
Authors: DUTESCU R , PINHEIRO R , PANFIL C , SCHRAGE N 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Evaluation of the impact of lubricant eye drops on the corneal healing process and corneal toxicity.Methods Optive and Cationorm were tested regarding corneal irritability and effect on corneal healing against Vismed and 0.01% benzalkonium chloride (BAK) as negative and positive control. Formulas were applied hourly over 3 days on rabbit corneas cultured on artificial anterior chambers (Ex‐Vivo Eye Irritation Test (EVEIT) system). Five corneae were used for each substance except for BAK (n=1). Initially, four corneal abrasions (2 ‐ 5.4 mm²) were induced. All defects were monitored by fluorescein stains and photographes.Results Optive and Vismed showed a complete corneal healing on day 2. In one cornea (Optive) erosion reoccurred on day 3. Erosion sizes of Cationorm treated corneae increased significantly from 12.20 mm² to a subtotal erosion of 51.89 mm² on day 3. Histology revealed epithelial loss and severe alterations of the superficial stroma for Cationorm. Glucose and lactate concentrations were about unchanged after application of Optive and Vismed. In contrast, Cationorm and BAK treated cornea showed a significant increase in lactate concentrations.Conclusion Vismed application led to a rapid corneal healing. Whether the toxicity seen for Optive in one cornea is a valid result should be examined in a long term application study. Cationorm shows considerable corneal toxicity that could be caused by its additive, cetalkonium chloride. Otherwise, Cationorms electrostatic properties lead to a drug film on the area of epithelial loss that could hinders epithelial cell migration and adhesion to heal the lesion.
Commercial interest
Looking at the eyelids of 4884 patients in Germany, Poland and Spain: the MEIBUM* survey
Authors: KAERCHER T , ZAGORSKI Z , BENITEZ DEL CASTILLO JM 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To assess the incidence and characteristics of eyelid disorders during ophthalmology consultations.Methods Multicenter, epidemiological survey implemented in 9 European countries (2012 – 2014). The participating ophthalmologists were asked to include the next 10 patients attending their consultations, whatever the motive of the visit. A 2 page questionnaire recorded: reason for visiting, ocular history, symptoms, examination of eyelids and ocular surface, diagnosis of MGD or Dry eye, impact on daily life, management of eyelid disorders.Results 4884 patients were analyzed within the 3 first countries; Germany (375), Poland (2584), Spain (1925). Mean age was 57.5. 80% of patients had some ocular history, mainly dry eye (31%). Diagnosis of MGD was established in 55% of patients and dry eye in 64%. The impact of eyelid disorder on daily life was mainly on vision for 60% of the patients, on daily activities/work (57%), on leisure (46%), but also on emotions (22%) and sleep (19%). Eyelid disorders were treated by eyelid hygiene recommendations; warming (42%), cleansing (61%), massage (47%) and eye drops for dry eye (82%). Nutritional supplements were recommended in only 32% of patients. 92% of the patients declared at least one symptom related to ocular surface. Conjunctival hyperemia was found at examination in 62% of patients. Fluorescein staining was positive on conjunctiva in 10% and on cornea (SPK) in 23%.Conclusion MGD was diagnosed in more than half of the patients with a strong link to dry eye (p‐value<0.001). The impact of eyelid disorders on daily life is notable. Dry eye seems to be taken in charge more often than MGD. This survey highlights the need to take a closer look at the patients’ eyelids.
Commercial interest
Spatial statistical analysis of the human corneal endothelial mosaic
Authors: RANNOU K , GUERRERO P , GAVET Y , PINOLI JC , THURET G , GAIN P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose The human corneal endothelium is a monolayer of flat hexagonal cells, which do not regenerate and are responsible for the maintenance of cornea transparency. The aim of our study is to provide a statistical characterization of their spatial distribution.Methods The data consisted of manually segmented human corneal endothelial cells from specular microscopy images of patients and light microscopy of stored corneas. Each cell was summarized by its mass centre, and the spatial repartition was analysed with the Ripley’s K and L functions and the Baddeley‐vanLieshout’s J function, that quantify the distance distribution between centres. This analysis was compared with two classical random point processes (Poisson, hard‐core)Results Ripley’s and Baddeley‐vanLieshout’s functions allowed us to determine if the mass centres were distributed in a complete random or uniform way, or if spatial clusters did occur. Quantitative comparisons were made between young and old corneal endothelial mosaics.Conclusion The perspectives of this mathematical modeling are to simulate cells mosaics behaviour over both space and time in different conditions such as normal aging, dystrophies, and after keratoplasty. Grant: ANR2012 CORIMMO3D
The effects of paclitaxel on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in the mouse cornea.
Authors: JASIELSKA M , KOCIOK N , BRäUTIGAM M , JOUSSEN M , PLEYER U , MAIER AK 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Paclitaxel is a cytoskeletal agent that interacts with mitotic activity and inhibits microtuble disassembly. Consequently its antiproliferative effect has raised interest as antiangiogenic compound and is currently used in oncology and cardiology. Therefore we investigated the effects of paclitaxel on the angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis process in a murine corneal neovascularization model.Methods The mouse model of suture‐induced corneal neovascularization was used to assess the anti‐hemangiogenic and anti‐lymphangiogenic effect of paclitaxel by topical application, paclitaxel coated suture. As positive control we used dexamethason eye drops and as negative control – albumin eye drops. Application of eye drops was performed (3x/day) for 2 weeks beginning at the day of the suture‐treatment. Corneal neovascularization formation (angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis) was quantified on corneal flatmounts stained with CD31 and LYVE‐1.Results Topical applications of paclitaxel significantly inhibited the outgrowth of lymphatic vessels. In contrast, we did not detect an anti‐angiogenic effect of paclitaxel on corneal neovascularization, although the extend of corneal neovascularization was significantly reduced in animals treated with dexamethason (positive control).Conclusion Topical application of paclitaxel inhibits lymphangiogenesis in the cornea. This finding suggests a potential role of paclitaxel in the treatment of corneal diseases.
Ocular heat flow associated with threshold in vivo exposure to 1090 nm infrared radiation for cataract induction
Authors: YU Z , SCHULMEISTER K , TALEBIZADEH N , KRONSCHLÄGER M , SÖDERBERG P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To investigate the heat flow in the ocular media after in vivo exposure to 1090 nm IRR at the radiant exposure intended for cataract induction.Methods Six‐weeks‐old albino SD rats were anesthetized and pupil‐dilated prior to exposure. The animals were divided into two groups of 12. All animals were unilaterally exposed to 197 W/cm2 IRR at 1090 nm within the dilated pupil for 8 s. In one group, temperature was recorded with the thermocouples placed at the limbus, in the vitreous behind lens and on the sclera next to the optic nerve, respectively in the exposed eye. In the other group, one thermocouple was placed at the limbus and another on the sclera next to the optic nerve in the exposed eye. Temperature was recorded from the end of the exposure till temperature back to the baseline.Results In the first group, the induced temperature rise was, 95% CI, 11±3 ºC at the limbus, 16±6 ºC in the vitreous behind lens and 16±7 ºC on the sclera next to the optic nerve in the exposed eye. The rate constant was 2.4±0.4×10‐2 s‐1 at the limbus, 2.6±0.3×10‐2 s‐1 in the vitreous behind lens, and 2.9±0.6×10‐2 s‐1 on the sclera next to the optic nerve in the exposed eye (d.f. = 11). In the second group, the temperature rise was 9±1 ºC at the limbus and 26±10 ºC on the sclera next to the optic nerve in the exposed eye. The rate constant was 2.4±0.3×10‐2 s‐1 at the limbus and 4.3±1.1×10‐2 s‐1 on the sclera next to the optic nerve in the exposed eye (d.f.=11).Conclusion An exposure to 197 W/cm2 1090 nm IRR for 8 s induces a temperature increase of 10 ºC at the limbus and 25 ºC close to the retina. The temperature fall in the anterior ocular segment is twice rapid in the posterior segment of the eye.
Comparative study of the incidence of macula edema in healthy and diabetic patients after uncomplicated cataract surgery
Authors: MIRACHTSIS T , GEORGIADOU I , SIOULIS C , MARKOU C , LAKE S , MOSCHOU V , GEORGIADIS N 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To report the incidence of macula edema and its correlation with CDE(Cumulative Dissipated Energy) data in healthy and diabetic patients after cataract surgery.Methods 168 patients (105 healthy and 63 diabetic) underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. Preoperatively medical history, biometric parameters were recorded and fundus photographs were taken. Phaco metrics were recorded after each surgery. Postoperatively fundus fluorescein angiography was performed between the 2nd and 6th month follow up. Patients with indications of macula thickness changes were evaluated with optical coherence tomography.Results a) Macular edema was recorded in 7 out of 63 diabetic patients (11,1%) and in 5 out of 105 healthy patient( 4,8%). This difference is not significant statistically (p=0,122>0,05). b) There was a significant correlation between CDE values and the occurrence of CME in both groups (p=0,0001665 <0,05.) c) Values of CDE>36,32 are predictors for CME (p= 0,006<0,050).Conclusion a) Improved surgical techniques have decreased the incidence of postoperative macula edema. b) There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of CME between the 2 study groups. c) CDE (Cumulative Dissipated Energy) value is an important factor that indicates the phacoemulsification energy and time needed.