bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Random forest-based prediction of intracranial hypertension in patients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Zhu Jun , Shan Yingchi , Li Yihua , Xu Xuxu , Wu Xiang , Xue Yajun , Gao Guoyi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Treatment and prevention of intracranial hypertension (IH) to minimize secondary brain injury are central to the neurocritical care management of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Predicting the onset of IH in advance allows for a more aggressive prophylactic treatment. This study aimed to develop random forest (RF) models for predicting IH events in TBI patients.

Methods
We analyzed prospectively collected data from patients admitted to the intensive care unit with invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. Patients with persistent ICP > 22 mmHg in the early postoperative period (first 6 h) were excluded to focus on IH events that had not yet occurred. ICP-related data from the initial 6 h were used to extract linear (ICP, cerebral perfusion pressure, pressure reactivity index, and cerebrospinal fluid compensatory reserve index) and nonlinear features (complexity of ICP and cerebral perfusion pressure). IH was defined as ICP > 22 mmHg for > 5 min, and severe IH (SIH) as ICP > 22 mmHg for > 1 h during the subsequent ICP monitoring period. RF models were then developed using baseline characteristics (age, sex, and initial Glasgow Coma Scale score) along with linear and nonlinear features. Fivefold cross-validation was performed to avoid overfitting.

Results
The study included 69 patients. Forty-three patients (62.3%) experienced an IH event, of whom 30 (43%) progressed to SIH. The median time to IH events was 9.83 h, and to SIH events, it was 11.22 h. The RF model showed acceptable performance in predicting IH with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.76 and excellent performance in predicting SIH (AUC = 0.84). Cross-validation analysis confirmed the stability of the results.

Conclusions
The presented RF model can forecast subsequent IH events, particularly severe ones, in TBI patients using ICP data from the early postoperative period. It provides researchers and clinicians with a potentially predictive pathway and framework that could help triage patients requiring more intensive neurological treatment at an early stage.
Regioselective and enantioselective propargylic hydroxylations catalyzed by P450tol monooxygenases
Authors: Deng Xu , Song Cheng-Cheng , Gu Wen-Jing , Wang Yu-Jie , Feng Lu , Zhou Xiao-Jian , Zhou Ming-Qiang , Yuan Wei-Cheng , Chen Yong-Zheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRegioselective and enantioselective hydroxylation of propargylic C-H bonds are useful reactions but often lack appropriate catalysts. Here a green and efficient asymmetric hydroxylation of primary and secondary C–H bonds at propargylic positions has been established. A series of optically active propargylic alcohols were prepared with high regio- and enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee) under mild reaction conditions by using P450tol, while the C≡C bonds in the molecule remained unreacted. This protocol provides a green and practical method for constructing enantiomerically chiral propargylic alcohols. In addition, we also demonstrated that the biohydroxylation strategy was able to scaled up to 2.25 mmol scale with the production of chiral propargyl alcohol 2a at a yield of 196 mg with 96% ee, which’s an important synthetic intermediate of antifungal drug Ravuconazole.
Graphical Abstract
Rotational stability and refractive outcomes of a new hydrophobic acrylic toric intraocular lens
Authors: Schartmüller Daniel , Lisy Marcus , Mahnert Nikolaus , Schranz Markus , Danzinger Victor , Schwarzenbacher Luca , Pieh Stefan , Abela-Formanek Claudette , Leydolt Christina , Menapace Rupert 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess rotational stability and refractive outcomes of a new toric hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL).

Design
Single-center, prospective, interventional clinical trial.

Methods
A total of 130 eyes of 82 patients with age-related cataract and total corneal astigmatism of greater than 1.0 diopters (D) received a hydrophobic acrylic toric IOL Clareon CNW0T3-9. Baseline measurement for rotational stability evaluation was performed at the end of surgery (EOS), with the patient still supine on the operating table, using non-movable vessels as reference landmarks. Postoperative retroillumination pictures were taken at 1 h, 1 week, 1 month and 4–6 months postoperatively. Subjective manifest refraction was assessed at the 6 months follow-up visit.

Results
Final results were obtained in 126 eyes of 80 patients. Mean absolute rotation from EOS to 6 months was 1.33 ± 2.00 [0.01, 19.80] degrees. Rotational stability values from EOS to 1 h, 1 h to 1 week, 1 week to 1 month and 1 month to 6 months were 0.86 ± 0.82 [0.00, 3.90], 1.06 ± 1.94 [0.00, 19.45], 0.47 ± 0.42 [0.00, 2.03] and 0.38 ± 0.40 [0.00, 2.56] degrees. Mean preoperative corneal astigmatism was 1.78 ± 0.83 [1.00, 4.76] D which changed to a mean postoperative refractive astigmatism of 0.33 ± 0.27 [0.00, 1.25] D at 6 months.

Conclusion
The Clareon toric IOL presented very good rotational stability with a mean absolute rotation below 1.4° from EOS to 6 months. Only two IOLs rotated more than 5° with none of them requiring repositioning surgery. Refractive outcomes were satisfying with a mean residual refractive astigmatism below 0.50 D.

Trial registration
Registered at Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03803852; on May 17, 2022.
Eldercare or childcare: intergenerational distribution in Chinese families facing care deficits
Authors: Zhong Xiaohui , Peng Minggang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the face of an aging population and declining birth rates, urban Chinese families are grappling with a new challenge of simultaneously caring for both elderly parents and children. This study employs a three-generational analytical framework and a mixed research method to examine the intergenerational distribution of care resources and its consequences for urban Chinese families. The findings reveal intergenerational competition for care resources within families, with a general tendency to prioritize children and only respond to crisis situations for elderly parents; this leads to a care deficit for older individuals. Furthermore, social care resources are ineffective in bridging this care gap, thereby inducing anxiety within families as they strive to balance the care needs of both elderly parents and children. The study argues that insufficient support from care policies exacerbates the resource squeeze on the elderly side by the children’s side within families, which calls for enhancing the policy support system to help families balance eldercare, childcare, and work commitments.
Experimental and statistical investigation on the dielectric breakdown of magneto nanofluids for power applications
Authors: Rizwan Md , Khan Suhaib Ahmad , Khan M. Rizwan , Khan Asfar Ali 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe insulating oil serves the dual purpose of providing insulation and cooling within transformers. This investigation aims to explore the impact of various nanoparticles on the dielectric breakdown voltage (BDV) of dielectric oils. The study examines the effect of the concentration of magnetic nanoparticles on the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oils. Nanoparticles such as iron (II, III) oxide (Fe3O4), cobalt (II, III) oxide (CO3O4), and ferrous phosphide (Fe3P) were utilized to create nanofluids with carrier mediums consisting of mineral oil and synthetic ester oil. BDV determination was conducted using a VDE and S–S electrode system according to IEC 60156 standards. Nanofluid were prepared using a two-step method, and their concentrations ranged from 0.01 g/L, 0.02 g/L, and 0.04 g/L in base oils. Twelve iterations were conducted for each prepared nanofluid, and breakdown voltage measurements were recorded. The results indicate a noteworthy enhancement in the breakdown voltage of nanofluids. The statistical analysis was performed on the dielectric property of nanofluid samples for better breakdown accuracy. The maximum enhancement at specific nanoparticle concentrations was shown by each nanofluid. The results show that under the S–S electrode configuration, the greatest overall enhancement was observed for Fe3P in mineral oil, with an enhancement of 70.05%, and Fe3O4 in synthetic ester oil, with an enhancement of 46.29%.
Tuck-in tenon patch graft for giant full-thickness macular holes
Authors: Saleh Maher , Koman Chiatse Ellalie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To report the results of using autologous Tenon patch grafts for managing giant full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) when other alternatives are not applicable.

Methods
The same surgical technique was performed in all three cases. Briefly, a small fragment of Tenon’s tissue was collected. The graft was introduced through a 23G trocar and released over the macular hole under a bubble of PFCL. The patch is delicately pushed towards the edges of the hole to slide underneath. The PFCL bubble is then actively aspirated next to the optic disc. Tamponade with gas or silicone oil is subsequently injected, with care taken to minimize fluid turbulence during the procedure.

Results
The outcomes of autologous Tenon patch grafts in three giant FTMHs are reported. In the first case, silicone oil tamponade was injected, in the second, C2F6 gas was injected. And in the third case, that of a woman with advanced glaucoma, no tamponade was left in the eye. No adverse effects were observed during or after the procedures. Closure of the macular hole and functional improvement were documented during the follow-up period in all three cases.

Conclusion
With a follow-up of up to 6 months, the Tenon patch graft appeared to be a promising technique for managing complex cases of FTMH. Additional studies to investigate long-term outcomes and determine the most appropriate indications are warranted.
Mutual capacity building model for adaptation (MCB-MA): a seven-step procedure for bidirectional learning and support during intervention adaptation
Authors: Jack Helen E. , Giusto Ali , Rose Alexandra L. , Mwamuka Rukudzo , Brown Imani , Bere Tarisai , Verhey Ruth , Wainberg Milton , Myers Bronwyn , Kohrt Brandon , Wingood Gina , DiClemente Ralph , Magidson Jessica F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGlobal health reciprocal innovation emphasizes the movement of technologies or interventions between high- and low-income countries to address a shared public health problem, in contrast to unidirectional models of “development aid” or “reverse innovation”. Evidence-based interventions are frequently adapted from the setting in which they were developed and applied in a new setting, presenting an opportunity for learning and partnership across high- and low-income contexts. However, few clear procedures exist to guide researchers and implementers on how to incorporate equitable and learning-oriented approaches into intervention adaptation across settings. We integrated theories from pedagogy, implementation science, and public health with examples from experience adapting behavioral health interventions across diverse settings to develop a procedure for a bidirectional, equitable process of intervention adaptation across high- and low-income contexts. The Mutual capacity building model for adaptation (MCB-MA) is made up of seven steps: 1) Exploring: A dialogue about the scope of the proposed adaptation and situational appraisal in the new setting; 2) Developing a shared vision: Agreeing on common goals for the adaptation; 3) Formalizing: Developing agreements around resource and data sharing; 4) Sharing complementary expertise: Group originating the intervention supporting the adapting group to learn about the intervention and develop adaptations, while gleaning new strategies for intervention implementation from the adapting group; 5) Reciprocal training: Originating and adapting groups collaborate to train the individuals who will be implementing the adapted intervention; 6) Mutual feedback: Originating and adapting groups share data and feedback on the outcomes of the adapted intervention and lessons learned; and 7) Consideration of next steps: Discuss future collaborations. This evidence-informed procedure may provide researchers with specific actions to approach the often ambiguous and challenging task of equitable partnership building. These steps can be used alongside existing intervention adaptation models, which guide the adaptation of the intervention itself.
A mixed methods evaluation of patient perspectives on the implementation of an electronic health record-integrated patient-reported symptom and needs monitoring program in cancer care
Authors: Lyleroehr Madison J. , Webster Kimberly A. , Perry Laura M. , Patten Elijah A. , Cantoral Jackelyn , Smith Justin D. , Cella David , Penedo Frank J. , Garcia Sofia F. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
As cancer centers have increased focus on patient-centered, evidenced-based care, implementing efficient programs that facilitate effective patient-clinician communication remains critical. We implemented an electronic health record-integrated patient-reported symptom and needs monitoring program (‘cPRO’ for cancer patient-reported outcomes). To aid evaluation of cPRO implementation, we asked patients receiving care in one of three geographical regions of an academic healthcare system about their experiences.

Methods
Using a sequential mixed-methods approach, we collected feedback in two waves. Wave 1 included virtual focus groups and interviews with patients who had completed cPRO. In Wave 2, we administered a structured survey to systematically examine Wave 1 themes. All participants had a diagnosed malignancy and received at least 2 invitations to complete cPRO. We used rapid and traditional qualitative methods to analyze Wave 1 data and focused on identifying facilitators and barriers to cPRO implementation. Wave 2 data were analyzed descriptively.

Results
Participants (n = 180) were on average 62.9 years old; were majority female, White, non-Hispanic, and married; and represented various cancer types and phases of treatment. Wave 1 participants (n = 37) identified facilitators, including cPRO’s perceived value and favorable usability, and barriers, including confusion about cPRO’s purpose and various considerations for responding. High levels of clinician engagement with, and patient education on, cPRO were described as facilitators while low levels were described as barriers. Wave 2 (n = 143) data demonstrated high endorsement rates of cPRO’s usability on domains such as navigability (91.6%), comprehensibility (98.7%), and relevance (82.4%). Wave 2 data also indicated low rates of understanding cPRO’s purpose (56.7%), education from care teams about cPRO (22.5%), and discussing results of cPRO with care teams (16.3%).

Conclusions
While patients reported high value and ease of use when completing cPRO, they also reported areas of confusion, emphasizing the importance of patient education on the purpose and use of cPRO and clinician engagement to sustain participation. These results guided successful implementation changes and will inform future improvements.
Re-examining the factor structure of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and defining the meaningful within-individual change (MWIC) for subjects with insomnia disorder in two phase III clinical trials of the efficacy of lemborexant
Authors: Lenderking William R. , Savva Yulia , Atkinson Mark J. , Campbell Renee , Chabot Isabelle , Moline Margaret , Meier Genevieve , Morin Charles M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) is a widely used measure of insomnia severity. Various ISI research findings suggest different factor solutions and meaningful within-individual change (MWIC) to detect treatment response in patients with insomnia. This study examined an ISI factor solution and psychometric indices to define MWIC in a robust patient sample from clinical trial settings.

Methods
We endeavored to improve upon previous validation of ISI by examining structural components of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models using two large, placebo-controlled clinical trials of lemborexant for insomnia. Using the best-fitting two-factor solution, we evaluated anchor-based, distribution-based and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve methods to derive an estimate of the MWIC.

Results
The model structure for the 7-item scale proposed in other research did not fit the observed data from our two lemborexant clinical trials (N = 1956) as well as a two-factor solution based on 6 items did. Using triangulation of anchor-based, distribution-based, and ROC methods, we determined that a 5-point reduction using 6 items best represented a clinically meaningful improvement in individuals with insomnia in our patient sample.

Conclusions
A 6-item two-factor scale had better psychometric properties than the 7-item scale in this patient sample. On the 6-item scale, a reduction of 5 points in the ISI total score represented the MWIC. Generalizability of the proposed MWIC may be limited to patient populations with similar demographic and clinical characteristics.
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) attenuates the neurotoxicity in rats induced by organophosphate pesticide
Authors: Keshav Poonam , Goyal Deepak Kumar , Singh Santosh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
We are exposed to different chemicals in various ways in our daily life, and these can be toxic at minute concentrations. The pesticides used for different purposes are also toxic and may pose threat to life by inducing oxidative stress. Dichlorvos (DDVP) is an organophosphate pesticide used for various purposes and is also reported to be toxic. In this study, the neurotoxicity of DDVP exposure was studied. The role of ginger, Zingiber officinale (ZO), was also evaluated against the neurotoxic effects of DDVP. Forty-eight Wistar rats of both the sexes were used in this study. The rats were exposed to DDVP and post-treatment with ZO was given. The oxidative stress in terms of lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) levels were estimated after exposure and treatment.

Results
DDVP resulted in oxidative stress, evidenced by enhanced LPO level. The simultaneous reductions in other non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants were reported. The post-treatment with ZO led to a reduction in oxidative stress in rat brains. The levels of SOD, CAT, GSH, GR, and GPx were increased whereas declined levels of LPO were reported after treatment.

Conclusion
Hence, ginger can help mitigate the pesticide toxicity through the up-regulation of antioxidant levels.
Impact of Streptomyces on sesame plants under Macrophomina phaseolina infestation
Authors: Amin M. M. , Abd-Elbaky A. A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Sesame is an ancient oil crop that has been cultivated for centuries. It is an important source worldwide for food, industry and edible oil. Sesame plants are attacked by many pathogens during different stages of growth. Macrophomina phaseolina is considerable one of the most dangerous fungi that attacks sesame plants during their different growth stages. The impact of Streptomyces violaceoruber and Streptomyces hirsutus in comparison with Topsin-M fungicide on damping-off and charcoal rot caused by M. phaseolina and also on the growth of sesame plants was studied.

Results
In general, S. hirsutus was effective more than S. violaceoruber. S. hirsutus reduced the linear growth of M. phaseolina in vitro by 70.83%, while reduction with S. violaceoruber reached 53.89%. S. hirsutus isolate reduced pre-, post-emergence damping-off, and charcoal rot incidence by 58.3, 56.6, and 50%, under greenhouse conditions, in 2021 growing season, while the percentage reduction of disease was 43, 56.4, and 71.2% for 2021 and 2022 growing seasons, respectively, under field conditions at Fayoum Governorate, Egypt. Streptomyces treatments increased concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) in plant leaves, seed yield, and seed oil concentration more than Topsin-M treatment and untreated plants.

Conclusions
S. violaceoruber and S. hirsutus have proven that they can be used to combat soil-borne diseases, as well as improve growth parameters and increase yields.
Isolation, identification, biological characteristics, and pathogenicity of an entomogenous fungus against the Egyptian mealybug, Icerya aegyptiaca (J.) (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae)
Authors: Wei Yanhua , He Jingchao , Liang Chaopeng , Cheng Dongmei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
In this study, an entomogenous, fungus was isolated from the Egyptian mealybug, Icerya aegyptiaca (J.) (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae) on the parasol leaf tree, Macaranga tanarius, in China where evaluated as a biocontrol fungus to reduce the population of the target insect. The strain was identified as Aspergillus parasiticus by morphological and phylogenetic analysisand named ZHKUAP1. The biological characteristics, pathogenicity, and field control effect of the strain were determined.

Results
The most suitable medium for the mycelial growth of strain ZHKUAP1 was PPDA medium, with an optimum temperature of 30 °C and pH 7, in addition to glucose and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources. The optimum sporulation conditions were the PPDA medium at 30 °C and pH 6, using the soluble starch and beef extract as carbon and nitrogen sources. The mycelial growth and spore production of strain ZHKUAP1 were stopped at 70 °C and above, indicating that it was not resistant to high temperatures. High concentrations of spore suspension, against young insect age, resulted high corrected mortality, as well as decreased the median lethal time. When the spore concentration was 1 × 108 cfu/ml, the corrected mortality of the second nymph was 88.33%, and the LT50 was 0.66 day. After 10 days of inoculation, the LC50 of the second instar nymph was the smallest, reaching 4.07 × 104 cfu/ml. On the 10th day of the field experiment, the corrected mortality was 76.45%, indicating that the A. parasiticus strain ZHKUAP1 had strong pathogenicity on I. aegyptiaca population.

Conclusions
The indoor toxicity of the strain to I. aegyptiaca was determined, and the field control effect of the pathogen was explored on this basis. The results have important application prospects in the biological control of I. aegyptiaca.