bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemistry of antimony-based drugs in biological systems and studies of their mechanism of action
Authors: Frézard Frédéric , Demicheli Cynthia , Kato Kelly C. , Reis Priscila G. , Lizarazo-Jaimes Edgar H. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Antimonial drugs have been used for a century in the therapy of the parasitic disease leishmaniasis. Even though pentavalent antimonials are still first-line drugs, they exhibit several limitations, including severe side effects, the need for daily parenteral administration and drug resistance. The molecular structure of pentavalent antimonials, their metabolism and mechanism of action, are still being investigated. Previous studies suggest that pentavalent antimony acts as a prodrug which is converted to the active and more toxic trivalent antimony. Other works support the direct involvement of pentavalent antimony. Recent data indicate that thiols and ribose-containing biomolecules may mediate the pharmacological action of these drugs. Trypanothione reductase and zinc-finger proteins were identified as possible molecular targets. This review summarizes the progress achieved to date on the chemistry of antimonial drugs in biological systems.
Multiscale Modeling of CdTe Thin Film Deposition Process
Authors: Gavrikov Alexey , Knizhnik Andrey , Krasikov Dmitry , Potapkin Boris , Selezneva Svetlana , Sommerer Timothy 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTDeposition of semiconductor films is a key process for production of thin-film solar cells, such as CdTe or CIGS cells. In order to optimize photovoltaic properties of the film a comprehensive model of the deposition process should be build, which can relate deposition conditions and film properties. We have developed a multiscale model of deposition of CdTe film in close space sublimation (CSS) process. The model is based on kinetic Monte Carlo method on the rigid lattice, in which each site can be occupied by either Cd or Te atom. The model tabulates the energy of the site as a function of its local environment. These energies were obtained from first-principles calculates and then approximated with analytical formulas. Based on determined energies of each site we performed exchange (diffusion) processes using Metropolis algorithm. In addition the model included adsorption and desorption processes of Cd and Te2 species. The results of the model show that a steady-state structure of the surface layer is formed during film growth. The model can reproduce transition from film deposition to film etching depending on external conditions. Moreover, the model can predict deposition rates for non-stoichiometric gas compositions.
Theory and Simulation of Dopant Diffusion in SiGe
Authors: Liu Chun-Li , Orlowski Marius , Thean Aaron , Barr Alex , White Ted , Nguyen Bich-Yen , Rueda Hernan , Liu Xiang-Yang 
Published: February 2013

AbstractStrained Si-based technology has imposed a new challenge for understanding dopant implantation and diffusion in SiGe that is often used as the buffer layer for a strained Si cap layer. In this work, we describe our latest modeling effort investigating the difference in dopant implantation and diffusion between Si and SiGe. A lattice expansion theory was developed to account for the volume change due to Ge in Si and its effect on defect formation enthalpy. The theory predicts that As diffusion in SiGe is enhanced by a factor of ∼10, P diffusion by a factor of ∼2, and B diffusion is retarded by a factor of ∼6, when compared to bulk Si. These predictions are consistent with experiment. Dopant profiles for As, P, and B were simulated using process simulators FLOOPS and DIOS. The simulated profiles are in good agreement with experiment.
Effects of psychological stress on skin and hair pigmentation in Polish adolescents
Authors: Sitek Aneta , Żądzińska Elżbieta , Rosset Iwona 
Published: February 2013

The effects of psychological stress, gender and age on hair and skin pigmentation levels were evaluated in the reported study. The material included Polish high-school and university students aged 18–22 (in the age range 17.50–22.49). All subjects who had sunbathed or used tanning beds or lamps, skin tanning agents, tanning extenders and/or medical agents affecting skin pigmentation during the 60 days preceding the beginning of the study were excluded. The use of hormonal contraceptives within a month prior to the study was also an excluding factor. Stress levels were evaluated by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS–10) in the Polish adaptation, while hair and skin pigmentation levels were assessed with a dermaspectrometer (Cortex Technology®, Denmark, 2007). The study was carried out with the exclusion of the summer period. Skin pigmentation was evaluated in 395 subjects (264 women and 131 men). Hair pigmentation was analyzed in a smaller group of 351 subjects (223 women and 128 men), as some had had their hair dyed within 12 months prior to the study while in some others the hair was too short to be correctly measured.
Regardless of their age, the studied women felt much more stress related to their life situation and were characterized by stronger skin pigmentation than the examined men. No sex differences were identified with regard to hair pigmentation. In the studied period of ontogenesis (18–22 years of age), hair pigmentation levels increased with age, while skin melanization remained stable. Disregarding the effects of age and sex, the level of perceived stress was negatively correlated with skin pigmentation levels; no such relationship was found for hair melanization.
Miocene burrows of the Ghost Crab Ocypode and their environmental significance (Mykolaiv Sands, Fore-Carpathian Basin, Ukraine)
Authors: Radwański Andrzej , Wysocka Anna , Górka Marcin 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTRadwański, A., Wysocka, A. and Górka, M. 2012. Miocene burrows of the Ghost CrabOcypodeand their environmental significance (Mykolaiv Sands, Fore-Carpathian Basin, Ukraine).Acta Geologica Polonica,62(2), 217-229. Warszawa. The huge lithosome of the Middle Miocene (Early Badenian) Mykolaiv Sands, developed at the external margin of the Fore-Carpathian Basin in western Ukraine, is recognized to represent a shallowing-up sequence. Special attention is paid to burrows of the Ghost CrabOcypodewhich are pantropical in present-day littoral habitats. In the Stratyn section, burrows of this type become a crucial tool in the interpretation of basin bathymetry, which starts from distal offshore depths, through the foreshore, to the backshore where theOcypodeburrows record a temporary break in sedimentation. Lithification of the sand layers and theOcypodeburrows subsequently progressed in beachrock mode. The Stratyn section demonstrates that the development of submerged shoals and/or emergent parts, throughout the huge mass of the Mykolaiv Sands, is probably responsible for their great variation in thickness in western Ukraine, which has long proved difficult to explain.
Clay minerals as palaeoenvironmental indicators in the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays from Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline
Authors: Dudek Teresa 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Dudek, T. 2012. Clay minerals as palaeoenvironmental indicators in the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays from Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline. Acta Geologica Polonica, 62 (3), 297-305. Warszawa.
This paper reports the results of X-ray diffraction quantitative mineralogical studies of the clay-rich Middle Jurassic sedimentary rocks from Gnaszyn, central Poland and their palaeoenvironmental interpretation. The palaeoenvironmental interpretation is aided by the fact that the sediments have not been significantly altered by diagenesis. The mineral composition is uniform throughout the succession: quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, calcite, gypsum, anhydrite, pyrite, illite, kaolinite, chlorite, and glauconite. The clay assemblage is dominated by illite, which alone accounts for about 20 wt% of the total mineral content. Kaolinite amounts usually <10 wt% and chlorite and glauconite occur in subordinate quantities. The clay mineral assemblage is largely of detrital origin and indicates rather cool and/or dry climatic conditions favouring mechanical erosion of the source rocks.
Testing the congruence of the microfossil versus microfossil record in the Turonian–Coniacian boundary succession of the Wagon Mound–Springer composite section (NE New Mexico, USA)
Authors: Walaszczyk Ireneusz , Lees Jackie A. , Peryt Danuta , Cobban William A. , Wood Christopher J. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
Walaszczyk, I., Lees, J.A., Peryt, D., Cobban, W.A. and Wood, C.J. 2012. Testing the congruence of the microfossil versus microfossil record in the Turonian-Coniacian boundary succession of the Wagon Mound-Springer composite section (NE New Mexico, USA). Acta Geologica Polonica, 62 (4), 581-594. Warszawa.
The Turonian-Coniacian boundary succession from the Wagon Mound-Springer composite section in the US Western Interior shows a virtually identical macrofaunal record to that revealed in the proposed candidate Coniacian GSSP in the Salzgitter-Salder-Słupia Nadbrzeżna composite section in central Europe, with easy identification in both regions of the base of the Coniacian Stage, as defined by the first appearance of the inoceramid bivalve species, Cremnoceramus deformis erectus (Meek). The macrofaunal boundary definition is additionally confirmed by the foraminiferal and nannofossil data, demonstrating the high potential of the inoceramid marker for the base of the Coniacian. The former claims about distinct diachroneity between macrofossil and microfossil dates in the trans-Atlantic correlations, resulted from methodological deficiencies, and have no factual basis.
Influence of Inflammation to Lymphangiogenesis in Human Dental Pulp
Authors: Dačić Simonović Dragica , Veličković Janković Ljubinka , Veličković Stefan , Ristić Petrović Ana , Veličković Stefan , Petrović Aleksandra , Rakonjac Martina 
Published: February 2013

Summary
During inflammation, lymphangiogenesis takes place to enhance the transport of filtered fluid, proteins, and immune cells. Dental pulp tissue is frequently exposed to inflammatory insults, but the lymphatic system of the pulp and its responses to injury have not been investigated in detail using specific lymphatic markers. The aim of this study was to evaluate and to compare the lymphatic system in health dental pulp and pulp with inflammation, and to establish whether lymphangiogenesis takes place during dental pulp inflammation.
Ten pulps with irreversibile pulpitis and eleven samples of healthy dental pulps were included in this study. All pulp samples were analyzed microscopically using the standard hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to detect the presence of inflammation. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using monoclonal anti-CD31 antibody (DAKO) at dilution 1:20. Microvessels identified by CD31, in which lumen the red blood cells were not detected, were considered as lymph vessels. Active areas of lymphangiogenesis (“hot spots”) were selected using low magnification. Images from five high power fields in the hot spot areas were recorded for each sample. Lymph vessels were counted using ImageJ program. The total number of lymph vessels so obtained was then divided by the number of the counted hot spots, and the result was used to denote the lymph vessel density.
The mean number of lymphatic vessels, detected by CD31, in the group without inflammation was significantly lower than in the group with inflammation (3.75 versus 13.58, t=7.093, p<0.001).
The present study established an increased number of lymphatic vessels in the inflamed human dental pulp suggesting that inflammation contributes to lymphangiogenesis.
Les Érinyes de quatre mères. Clinique subjective et casuelle d'infanticides maternels
Authors: Génuit Philippe 
Published: February 2013

Résumé Dans cet article, l’infanticide est illustré par quatre cas cliniques sous la forme de récit. Le récit concerne des séances de psychothérapies de femmes incarcérées pour avoir donné la mort à leur nouveau-né. Ce récit tient compte de l’histoire de l’acte criminel inscrit dans l’histoire personnelle de la mère dans une situation transférentielle, où affleure le thérapeute. L’analyse contingente du récit rend compte de la trame sociohistorique de la place du féminin générique et criminel ; trame sans laquelle seraient oblitérés le sens et l’arbitraire de l’acte infanticide. Si l’on peut postuler une « psychotisation » ponctuelle de l’agi maternel infanticide, les quatre illustrations cliniques montrent une hétérogénéité psychopathologique, où la névrose concurrence la psychose. Comme chez les Érinyes, la haine, la vengeance et le retournement (perversio) implacables attaquent le lien filial, mais paradoxalement protègent la mère criminelle d’un effondrement psychique.
Le meurtre d'enfant, du câlin à sa réalisation extrême : un acte extra-ordinaire
Authors: Morhain Yves 
Published: February 2013

Résumé La question de l’infanticide ou du filicide est à intégrer d’une manière plus générale au mythe de l’enfant, préoccupation majeure de toute actualité de manière tout autant positive que négative, lieu aussi bien de fascination et d’amour que de destructivité. À partir d’un filicide, l’auteur traite de la singularité du mode de déclenchement de cet acte extra-ordinaire, afin de montrer l’aspect processuel du passage à l’acte, sous-tendu par la question du traumatisme dans son aspect destructeur. Dénouement d’un itinéraire complexe, cet étrange meurtre réfère à la froideur terrifiante, à l’inexplicable, figé dans la monstruosité. Acte solitaire, acte d’amour, acte de haine, le libéricide ou filicide vient-il « résoudre » une situation insoutenable ? « Solution » agie du fantasme à une situation insoutenable, l’acte criminel déporte la vie imaginaire du sujet sur la scène du réel. Dans un moment de bascule qui court-circuite la dimension temporelle et le travail psychique, l’enfant tant investi devient un objet à détruire.
L'adolescence comme révélateur des désirs infanticides
Authors: Houssier Florian 
Published: February 2013

Résumé L’infanticide est le plus souvent associé au meurtre de l’enfant, voire du nourrisson ; pourtant, le désir infanticide reste à élaborer tout au long de sa vie comme en témoignent les fantasmes parentaux remobilisés par leur enfant devenu adolescent. À partir de trois situations cliniques, nous considérons l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’adolescence est un révélateur des désirs meurtriers parentaux refoulés ou réprimés, sur fond de différenciation parent-enfant. Pour prolonger cette proposition, nous réfléchissons sur la place de ces fantasmes dans la dynamique transférentielle propre à la psychothérapie analytique de l’adolescent.
« Comme un coq en pâte » : à propos d'un fantasme d'infanticide
Authors: Robert Geoffrey 
Published: February 2013

Résumé Si le geste meurtrier d’un parent à l’égard de son enfant nous interroge, qu’en est-il de la présence du fantasme d’infanticide chez un fils pour qui l’acte meurtrier est l’équivalent d’un accomplissement incesteux ? Nous verrons comment, en portant notre attention sur les processus mélancoliques à l’œuvre, et en nous intéressant à l’histoire d’une vie, la fusion meurtrière fantasmée porte en germe un amour qui tend à l’« amort ».
Éthique ou morale ? Réflexions sur les impasses du débat normatif dans le champ financier
Authors: Lenglet Marc 
Published: February 2013

Résumé Les questionnements articulant « éthique » et « finance » ne parviennent pas toujours à convaincre, faute d’une attention suffisante à ce que ces termes circonscrivent et indiquent. Souvent, le débat normatif dans le champ financier peine à prendre en charge les entours de l’action financière, et à restituer ce qui se noue dans l’écart entre l’universel (la loi morale) et le particulier (le contexte spécifique de l’action située). Partant de brèves descriptions issues d’un travail ethnographique en salle de marché, et en prenant appui sur les travaux de Paul Ricœur, nous soulignons combien la distinction conceptuelle entre éthique et morale permet de dépasser le discours commun. Se trouvent ainsi mises en perspective d’une part l’herméneutique des règles advenant dans le quotidien de l’opérateur financier, et d’autre part l’importance d’une approche soucieuse des contextes, pour qui entend dépasser le discours moralisant et universaliste.
Jacques Chevalier : Un philosophe catholique entre les deux guerres
Authors: Vieillard-Baron Jean-Louis 
Published: February 2013

Résumé La vie de Jacques Chevalier est présentée : naissance à Cérilly (Allier) en 1882, mort à Cérilly en 1962. Fils d’un général du génie, normalien à 18 ans, agrégé à 21 ans, il rencontre le père Pouget, lazariste exégète, et Bergson, jeune professeur au Collège de France et à l’ENS. La crise moderniste sévit. Professeur à l’université de Grenoble à partir de 1920 ; doyen de la faculté des Lettres à partir de 1931, il écrit des ouvrages de grande diffusion, Descartes , Pascal , Bergson . Il fait de nombreux voyages. Son dernier ouvrage, l’ Histoire de la pensée , est une somme énorme publiée en quatre volumes chez Flammarion. Il meurt avant d’avoir écrit son dernier chapitre, sur Bergson. Sa pensée est celle d’un spiritualiste bergsonien catholique. Il a étudié la philosophie mystique de Thérèse d’Avila et orienté le bergsonisme dans le sens du catholicisme. Bergson lui a dicté un texte, publié en 1951 dans Cadences , tome II : « Comment Bergson a trouvé Dieu ». En 1959, il publie ses fameux Entretiens avec Bergson ; il a été le maître de nombreux philosophes : Emmanuel Mounier, Jean Guitton, Léon Husson, Alain Guy, André Bridoux.
The phenotypic spectrum of ZIC3 mutations includes isolated d‐transposition of the great arteries and double outlet right ventricle
Authors: D'Alessandro Lisa C.A. , Latney Brande C. , Paluru Prasuna C. , Goldmuntz Elizabeth 
Published: February 2013

AbstractDisease causing mutations for heterotaxy syndrome were first identified in the X‐linked laterality gene, ZIC3. Mutations typically result in males with situs ambiguus and complex congenital heart disease; however affected females and one male with isolated d‐transposition of the great arteries (d‐TGA) have been reported. We hypothesized that a subset of patients with heart defects common to heterotaxy but without laterality defects would have ZIC3 mutations. We also sought to estimate the prevalence of ZIC3 mutations in sporadic heterotaxy. Patients with TGA (n = 169), double outlet right ventricle (DORV; n = 89), common atrioventricular canal (CAVC; n = 41), and heterotaxy (n = 54) underwent sequencing of ZIC3 exons. We tested 90 patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) to correlate genotype with phenotype. Three potentially disease‐related missense mutations were detected: c.49G > T (Gly17Cys) in a female with isolated DORV, c.98C > T (Ala33Val) in a male with isolated d‐TGA, and c.841C > T (His281Tyr) in a female with sporadic heterotaxy. We also identified a novel insertion (CPFP333ins) in a family with heterotaxy. All were absent in 200 control patients and the 1000 Genomes Project (n = 629). No significant mutations were found in patients with TOF. Functional studies demonstrated reduced transcriptional activity of the ZIC3 His281Tyr mutant protein. ZIC3 mutations were rarely identified in isolated DORV and d‐TGA suggesting that a subset of DORV and d‐TGA may fall within the spectrum of laterality defects. ZIC3 mutations were found in 3.7% of patients with sporadic heterotaxy; therefore testing should be considered in patients with heterotaxy. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preparation of a C6 quaternary ammonium chitosan derivative through a chitosan schiff base with click chemistry
Authors: Chen Yu , Wang Fengju , Yun Dongran , Guo Yanwen , Ye Yanchun , Wang Yanxi , Tan Huimin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this study, we explored a new method for preparing C6 quaternary ammonium chitosan (CTS) derivatives. The C2NH2 of CTS was first protected by benzaldehyde. The C6OH of CTS was then transformed into a sulfonyl ester, which was then reacted with NaN3 through nucleophilic substitution to introduce the N3 group at the CTS C6 position. This intermediate was reacted in a click chemistry reaction with a terminal alkynyl quaternary ammonium salt; this was followed by the deprotection of C2NH2 with acid to furnish the C6 quaternary ammonium CTS derivative. The structures and properties of synthesized products in the reactions were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, NMR, X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The effects of the reaction conditions on the degree of Schiff‐base CTS quaternization were evaluated by elemental analysis. The largest inhibition zone test and the minimum inhibitory concentration test showed that compared with CTS, the prepared CTS derivative had significantly improved antibacterial activity toward Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Property enhancement in unsaturated polyester nanocomposites by using a reactive intercalant for clay modification
Authors: Şen Sinan , Gündem Hatice Burçin , Ortaç Bülend 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPolymeric nanocomposites were synthesized from unsaturated polyester (UPE) matrix and montmorillonite (MMT) clay using an in situ free radical polymerization reaction. Organophilic MMT was obtained using a quaternary salt of coco amine as intercalant having a styryl group making it a reactive intercalant. The resultant nanocomposites were characterized via X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of increased nanofiller loading on the thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites was investigated. All the nanocomposites were found to have improved thermal and mechanical properties as compared with neat UPE matrix, resulting from the contribution of nanolayer connected intercalant‐to‐crosslinker which allows a crosslinking reaction. It was found that the partially exfoliated nanocomposite structure with an exfoliation dominant morphology was achieved when the MMT loading was 1 wt %. This nanocomposite exhibited the highest thermal stability, the best dynamic mechanical performance and the highest crosslinking density, most probably due to more homogeneous dispersion and optimum amount of styrene monomer molecules inside and outside the MMT layers at 1 wt % loading. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Berth assignment planning for multi‐line bus stops
Authors: Tan Jiyuan , Li Zhiheng , Li Li , Zhang Yi , Lu Lu 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we study an important problem that arises with the fast development of public transportation systems: when a large number of bus lines share the same bus stop, a long queue of buses often forms when they wait to get into the stop in rush hours. This causes a significant increase of bus delay and a notable drop of traffic capacity near the bus stop. Various measures had been proposed to relieve the congestions near bus stops. However, all of them require considerable financial budgets and construction time costs. In this paper, with the concept of berth assignment redesign, a simulation‐based heuristic algorithm is proposed to make full use of exiting bus berths. In this study, a trustable simulation platform is designed, and the major influencing factors for bus stop operations are considered. The concept of risk control is also introduced to better evaluate the performance of different berth arrangement plans and makes an appropriate trade‐off between the system's efficiency and stability. Finally, a heuristic algorithm is proposed to find a sub‐optimal berth assignment plan. Tests on a typical bus stop show that this algorithm is efficient and fast. The sub‐optimal berth assignment plan obtained by this algorithm could make remarkable improvements to an actual bus stop. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.