bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Luteolin Mitigates D-Galactose-Induced Brain Ageing in Rats: SIRT1-Mediated Neuroprotection
Authors: Younis Reham L , El-Gohary Rehab M , Ghalwash Asmaa A , Hegab Islam Ibrahim , Ghabrial Maram M , Aboshanady Azza M , Mostafa Raghad A , El-Azeem Alaa H. Abd , Farghal Eman E. , Belal Asmaa A.E. , Khattab Haidy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLuteolin is an essential natural polyphenol found in a variety of plants. Numerous studies have supported its protective role in neurodegenerative diseases, yet the research for its therapeutic utility in D-galactose (D-gal)-induced brain ageing is still lacking. In this study, the potential neuroprotective impact of luteolin against D-gal-induced brain ageing was explored. Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, luteolin, D-gal, and luteolin-administered D-gal groups. All groups were subjected to behavioural, cholinergic function, and hippocampal mitochondrial respiration assessments. Hippocampal oxidative, neuro-inflammatory, senescence and apoptotic indicators were detected. Gene expressions of SIRT1, BDNF, and RAGE were assessed. Hippocampal histopathological studies, along with GFAP and Ki67 immunoreactivity, were performed. Our results demonstrated that luteolin effectively alleviated D-gal-induced cognitive impairment and reversed cholinergic abnormalities. Furthermore, luteolin administration substantially mitigated hippocampus oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuro-inflammation, and senescence triggered by D-gal. Additionally, luteolin treatment considerably attenuated neuronal apoptosis and upregulated hippocampal SIRT1 mRNA expression. In conclusion, our findings revealed that luteolin administration attenuated D-gal-evoked brain senescence, improving mitochondrial function and enhancing hippocampal neuroregeneration in an ageing rat model through its antioxidant, senolytic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic impacts, possibly due to upregulation of SIRT1. Luteolin could be a promising therapeutic modality for brain aging-associated abnormalities.
Effects of Universal School-Based Parental Support for Children’s Healthy Diet and Physical Activity—the Healthy School Start Plus Cluster–Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Norman Åsa , Malek Mahnoush Etminan , Nyberg Gisela , Patterson Emma , Elinder Liselotte Schäfer 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHealth promotion from an early age is key to preventing unhealthy weight development in childhood, and parental involvement is essential. The school-based Healthy School Start intervention aims to promote healthy dietary and activity habits in the home environment and prevent child obesity through parental support. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the third iteration of the programme on children’s dietary and activity behaviours, and body composition through a cluster-randomised controlled trial. The trial included 17 schools (8 intervention) in disadvantaged areas in mid-Sweden with 353 families with 5- to 7-year-old children. The primary outcomes were intake of selected healthy and unhealthy foods and beverages measured using photography. Secondary outcomes were physical activity and sedentary time measured by accelerometry, and measured weight and height. All outcomes were assessed at baseline and post-intervention (8 months). Linear multi-level regression showed significant favourable effects of the intervention for intake of sweet beverages (b =  − 0.17, p = 0.04), intake of healthy foods (b = 0.11, p = 0.04), and more time in moderate to vigorous physical activity during weekdays (b = 5.68, p = 0.02). An unfavourable sub-group effect of the intervention was found for children from families with low education regarding sedentary time on weekends (b = 23.04, p = 0.05). The results align with the previous two trials of the programme, indicating that school-based parental support is a useful approach for health promotion in young children in disadvantaged areas. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: No. NCT03390725, retrospectively registered on January 4, 2018,
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03390725.
On the mathematical properties of spatial Rao’s Q to compute ecosystem heterogeneity
Authors: Rocchini Duccio , Torresani Michele , Ricotta Carlo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSpatio-ecological heterogeneity has a significant impact on various ecosystem properties, such as biodiversity patterns, variability in ecosystem resources, and species distributions. Given this perspective, remote sensing has gained widespread recognition as a powerful tool for assessing the spatial heterogeneity of ecosystems by analyzing the variability among different pixel values in both space and, potentially, time. Several measures of spatial heterogeneity have been proposed, broadly categorized into abundance-related measures (e.g., Shannon’s H) and dispersion-related measures (e.g., Variance). A measure that integrates both abundance and distance information is the Rao’s quadratic entropy (Rao’s Q index), mainly used in ecology to measure plant diversity based on in-situ based functional traits. The question arises as to why one should use a complex measure that considers multiple dimensions and couples abundance and distance measurements instead of relying solely on simple dispersion-based measures of heterogeneity. This paper sheds light on the spatial version of the Rao’s Q index, based on moving windows for its calculation, with a particular emphasis on its mathematical and statistical properties. The main objective is to theoretically demonstrate the strength of Rao’s Q index in measuring heterogeneity, taking into account all its potential facets and applications, including (i) integrating multivariate data, (ii) applying differential weighting to pixels, and (iii) considering differential weighting of distances among pixel reflectance values in spectral space.
Design of Fat Alternatives Using Saturated Monoglycerides
Authors: Melchior Sofia , Plazzotta Stella , Miao Song , Manzocco Lara , Nicoli Maria Cristina , Calligaris Sonia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTraditional fats, used in the formulation of many high-consumption foods are characterized by the presence of a fat crystal network mainly made of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Despite conferring food unique structural and sensory properties, the lipidic composition of traditional fats has raised increasing concerns associated with the spread of diet-related non-communicable diseases. Fat substitution with alternatives characterized by a more equilibrated lipid composition is thus unanimously considered a priority to increase the food nutritional profile and sustainability. In this context, the structuring of liquid oils into semi-solid materials with a composition rich in unsaturated fatty acids but structural properties analogous to that of traditional SFA-rich fats is particularly promising. To this aim, a plethora of structuring molecules has been proposed to date. Among them, saturated monoglycerides (MGs) have the peculiar ability to self-assemble into several different hierarchical structures, which can be exploited to prepare fat alternatives. Depending on system composition and environmental conditions, MG-based hydrogels, hydro-foams, oleogels, oleo-foam and structured emulsions can be obtained. This review describes the structural properties of these MG-based fat alternatives, along with the formulation and processing factors affecting MG self-assembly capacity. An approach for the design of food using these promising structures is then presented along with a discussion of their potential functionalities.
‘The Most Saving Slum in Glasgow, and the Most Abandoned’: Twentieth-Century Materiality and Twenty-First Century Virtuality in the Jewish Gorbals, Scotland
Authors: Alexander Phil 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn 1905, Yiddish poet and Glasgow union activist Avrom Radutsky described the Jewish population of Scotland as ‘a mere drop in the ocean’. Nevertheless, by 1920 this drop had swelled to 20,000 people, centred primarily (though by no means exclusively) around the Gorbals in Glasgow. The area was characterised by vibrant community life, but also cramped low-quality housing, poor sanitation and harsh economic inequality. Many of Glasgow’s Jews began to climb a social ladder that would lead them out of the Gorbals and towards more spacious residences in the south-west of the city, but maintained regular contact with its streets, shops and places of worship. Large-scale demolition of the neighbourhood in the 1960s mean that the Gorbals looks very different today, and the Jews are gone. The Jewishness of this space, however, still remains: a remembered or imagined presence in the minds of second and third generations, celebrated through community outreach, or romantically evoked in popular narratives. Equally, an absence of Jewish life in today’s Gorbals has been paralleled by the emergence of wide-ranging and socially minded virtual networks of shared memory. Through analysis of contemporary accounts and archival sources, oral histories, fieldwork interviews, and lively online discussion groups, this article examines how this former densely populated Jewish neighbourhood now functions as an important lieu de memoire, but in a significantly different way to Eastern Europe’s pre-war Jewish spaces. At the geographical edges of more traumatic histories, the Gorbals instead provides an affective link for contemporary, assimilated Scottish Jews, while at the same time the area’s Jewish history becomes part of a wider virtual online community – signifying an emotional connection to immigrant narratives and grounding personal and social histories.
A Note on the Use of Race and Color in Jewish Social Scientific Research
Authors: DellaPergola Sergio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis note takes as its point of departure the tensions and discrimination against individuals and groups that persist in the United States on the grounds of race and color. It is unfortunately likely that there is a long road ahead before racial and color-based prejudice, abuse, inequality, and indignity are no longer normative in the US. Growing incorporation of Jews in US society and culture brought about the adoption in Jewish social research of concepts and categories routinely used in the classification and analysis of the general population. I take issue with the uncritical use of categories such as race or color in Jewish social scientific research. The study of population diversity is essential for both cognitive and policymaking purposes. However, I maintain that some frequently used classification criteria, along with evident conceptual weaknesses, are plagued by a conscious or unconscious racist component. The use of race and color categories—no matter how well-meaning—is not congruent with a fair and thoughtful approach to social research in general, and to Jewish social research in particular. Instead, it looks like naïve and poorly understood, intentionally offensive or irrelevant concepts are increasingly applied in the definition and study of Jewish minorities. This raises substantial questions regarding the contributions of certain analysis to the resilience of racism in America.
Glass working and recycling in Pompeii: new evidence from the landfill of the Sarno Baths (VIII 2, 17–23)
Authors: Boschetti Cristina , Furlan Guido , Schibille Nadine , Raja Rubina , Bonetto Jacopo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractForty-six glass finds, including vessel fragments, windows, one inlay and one indicator of production (moil) excavated in the dump of the Sarno Baths in Pompeii were selected for an interdisciplinary technological, typological and chemical study. The identification of the moil demonstrates that a glassblowing workshop most likely existed in Pompeii, thus putting an end to a long-standing scientific debate. The LA-ICP-MS chemical data show that Roman-Mn base glass predominates, along with few Egyptian natron-type glasses and some plant-ash glass of probable Egyptian origin as well. A large proportion of the analysed glass, including the moil, consists of recycled compositions, suggesting the existence of an efficient system of collection and recycling of glass, which was active even at a time when the city had an abundant supply of fresh glass. The demand for raw glass in Pompeii far exceeded the average demand of other Roman towns, because glass containers were essential for the flourishing perfume industry in Pompeii and Campania. The proximity of the Sarno dump to the perfume district in the south-western part of the city and to the horrea of the Sanctuary of Venus suggests the possible location of the glass workshop in this area.
Aqueous Black Seed (Nigella sativa L.) Extract-Mediated Corrosion Inhibition in Mild Steel Exposed to 3.5% NaCl: Effect of Temperature, pH, Time, and In Situ Analysis Using Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Jayakumar Sangeetha , Jouhar Mohammed , Khan Fouzia , Vadivel M. , Nandakumar T. , Lahiri B. B. , Philip John 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM)-based analysis on the corrosion inhibition properties of aqueous black seed extract for mild steel exposed to 3.5% NaCl solution is reported here. At ~ 600 ppm inhibitor concentration, corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency are found to be ~ 0.18 ± 0.1 mpy and ~ 94%, respectively. The superior corrosion inhibition is due to the adsorption of the phytochemicals onto the metallic surface, as confirmed from spectroscopic analysis. Findings show the suitability of the black seed extract for practical applications at neutral pH and room temperature. AFM and magnetic force microscopy indicate lower surface roughness and nearly pristine topography for the inhibitor-protected specimens. In situ AFM analyses indicate delayed formation of surface irregularities for the inhibitor-protected specimens. The obtained results clearly show the superior corrosion inhibition efficiency of the aqueous black seed extract against mild steel under simulated sea water condition.
Phytonanotherapeutic Applications of Plant Extract-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles in Wound Healing—a Prospective Overview
Authors: Oselusi Samson O. , Sibuyi Nicole R. S. , Meyer Mervin , Madiehe Abram M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChronic wounds continue to pose severe threats to public health and the global economy. This is because the healing process is hindered by several factors, such as bacterial infections, comorbid conditions, age, and lifestyle. Medical wound therapy is currently based on long-term antibiotic use, and its activity has been limited by various factors, including treatment efficacy, toxicity, and increased risk of opportunistic infections. The advent of novel techniques such as nanotechnology can provide sustainable platforms for developing reliable, cost-effective, and innovative wound healing interventions. In this context, plant extract-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become attractive to the clinical community because of their wide range of biological properties, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing effects. These AgNPs could be used in the development of better dressings for wounds. This review aims to provide readers with recent advances in the application of plant extract-synthesized AgNPs in wound care and management. The article provides a general overview of wounds healing process, the global prevalence of wounds, and the economic impact of chronic wounds. In addition, the limitations of conventional wound treatment strategies and the need for alternative approaches are discussed. Finally, clinical studies that have used plant extract-synthesized AgNPs in wound healing and antimicrobial activities, are highlighted.
Graphical Abstract
Automated lost circulation severity classification and mitigation system using explainable Bayesian optimized ensemble learning algorithms
Authors: Elmousalami Haytham , Sakr Ibrahim 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLost circulation and mud losses cause 10 to 20% of the cost of drilling operations under extreme pressure and temperature conditions. Therefore, this research introduces an integrated system for an automated lost circulation severity classification and mitigation system (ALCSCMS). This proposed system allows decision makers to reliability predict lost circulation severity (LCS) based on a few drilling drivers before starting drilling operations. The proposed system developed and compared a total of 11 ensemble machine learning (EML) based on collection 65,377 observations, the data was pre-processed, cleaned, and normalized to be filtered using factor analysis. For each generated algorithm, the proposed system performed Bayesian optimization to acquire the best possible results. As a result, the optimized random forests (RF) model algorithm was the optimal model for classification at 100% classification accuracy based on testing data set. Mitigation optimization model based on genetic algorithm has been incorporated to convert high severe classes into acceptable classes of lost circulation. The system classifies the LCS into 5 classes where the classes from 2 to 4 are converted to be class 0 or 1 to minimize lost circulation severity by optimizing the input parameters. Therefore, the proposed model is reliable to predict and mitigate lost circulation during drilling operations. The main drivers that served as LCS inputs were explained using the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) approach.
Fasting in combination with the cocktail Sorafenib:Metformin blunts cellular plasticity and promotes liver cancer cell death via poly-metabolic exhaustion
Authors: López-Cánovas Juan L. , Naranjo-Martínez Beatriz , Diaz-Ruiz Alberto 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Dual-Interventions targeting glucose and oxidative metabolism are receiving increasing attention in cancer therapy. Sorafenib (S) and Metformin (M), two gold-standards in liver cancer, are known for their mitochondrial inhibitory capacity. Fasting, a glucose-limiting strategy, is also emerging as chemotherapy adjuvant. Herein, we explore the anti-carcinogenic response of nutrient restriction in combination with sorafenib:metformin (NR-S:M).

Results
Our data demonstrates that, independently of liver cancer aggressiveness, fasting synergistically boosts the anti-proliferative effects of S:M co-treatment. Metabolic and Cellular plasticity was determined by the examination of mitochondrial and glycolytic activity, cell cycle modulation, activation of cellular apoptosis, and regulation of key signaling and metabolic enzymes. Under NR-S:M conditions, early apoptotic events and the pro-apoptotic Bcl-xS/Bcl-xL ratio were found increased. NR-S:M induced the highest retention in cellular SubG1 phase, consistent with the presence of DNA fragments from cellular apoptosis. Mitochondrial functionality, Mitochondrial ATP-linked respiration, Maximal respiration and Spare respiratory capacity, were all found blunted under NR-S:M conditions. Basal Glycolysis, Glycolytic reserve, and glycolytic capacity, together with the expression of glycogenic (PKM), gluconeogenic (PCK1 and G6PC3), and glycogenolytic enzymes (PYGL, PGM1, and G6PC3), were also negatively impacted by NR-S:M. Lastly, a TMT-proteomic approach corroborated the synchronization of liver cancer metabolic reprogramming with the activation of molecular pathways to drive a quiescent-like status of energetic-collapse and cellular death.

Conclusion
Altogether, we show that the energy-based polytherapy NR-S:M blunts cellular, metabolic and molecular plasticity of liver cancer. Notwithstanding the in vitro design of this study, it holds a promising therapeutic tool worthy of exploration for this tumor pathology.
Het interpreteren van de densiteit van nierstenen met de HU-waarde: weet wat je meet
Authors: Koonen Laurens S. P. , Dijkema Geerke H. , Vrooman Olaf P. J. , van Balken Michael R. , Pijl Milan E. J. 
Published: July 2024

Samenvatting
Inleiding
De huidige EAU-richtlijn baseert de behandeling van urolithiasis deels op de densiteit van een concrement, met CT geschat op basis van Hounsfield Units (HU). Het is onduidelijk hoe deze densiteit het beste kan worden gemeten en of nieuwe reconstructietechnieken van CT-scans leiden tot andere HU-waarden.

Materiaal
Bij 107 patiënten, behandeld voor urolithiasis via PNL of URS, werd retrospectief de HU-waarde van het concrement met meerdere meetmethoden bepaald op een blanco CT-abdomen met verschillende reconstructietechnieken en coupedikten. De verschillen in HU-waarden tussen deze metingen werden berekend.

Resultaten
De gemiddelde hoogste, maximale HU-waarde (1.362) werd gemeten bij de iDose 0,9 mm-reconstructie met meetmethode M3. Dit verschilt niet significant van de IMR 0,9 mm-reconstructie (1.238, p = 0,29). De maximale HU-waarde bij IMR 0,9 mm was wel significant hoger dan bij iDose 4 mm (1.038, p = 0,00026).

Conclusie
De coupedikte, reconstructietechniek en meetmethode hebben een grote invloed op de gemeten HU-waarde en daarmee op de behandelkeuze van een concrement.
A case of chronic kidney disease with refractory periodic vomiting and hypertension in a pediatric patient
Authors: Kashiwagi Yasuyo , Okuno Hironobu , Nishida Satoko , Ishii Hiroki , Yamanaka Gaku 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) sometimes experience gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea and vomiting. In addition, hypertension and CKD are closely linked, and sustained hypertension in children is associated with the progression of CKD, leading to early cardiomyopathy and premature atherosclerosis. These symptoms substantially affect the quality of daily life of CKD patients, and particularly in children with CKD, they may cause growth retardation. Therefore, establishing effective management methods to alleviate these symptoms is very important. Here, we report a case of a male patient who was born at 34 weeks of gestation weighing 1400 g. At birth, abdominal ultrasonography displayed left multicystic dysplastic kidney. From 6 months after birth, he was frequently hospitalized owing to refractory periodic vomiting. At 9 months old, he was diagnosed as having stage 3a CKD, and at 20 months old, he presented with stage 2 high blood pressure. In Japan, the uremic toxin adsorbent AST-120 and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-I (ACE-I) are not strongly recommended for CKD patients. However, after the patient underwent combination therapy of AST-120 and ACE-I, his frequent hospitalizations for refractory periodic vomiting ceased, and his blood pressure decreased. These results indicate that AST-120 and ACE-I are effective for refractory periodic vomiting and hypertension associated with CKD. The patient’s height, weight, and mental development are catching up smoothly. The cause of the patient’s refractory periodic vomiting remains unclear. However, his impaired kidney function owing to congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract may have caused the refractory periodic vomiting and dehydration. The production of uremic toxins in CKD patients is thought to lead to the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines into the circulation. However, our patient had low serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and his serum levels of the chemokines CX3CL1 and CCL2 decreased with age, together with improvement in his clinical course. Therefore, some specific chemokines might be diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers of CKD.