bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Method for the Assessment of Feeding Rate as a Phenotypic Endpoint for the Impact of Pollutants in Daphnids
Authors: Rowan Emma , Leung Anne , Grintzalis Konstantinos 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Traditional approaches for monitoring aquatic pollution primarily rely on chemical analysis and the detection of pollutants in the aqueous environments. However, these methods lack realism and mechanistic insight and, thus, are increasingly supported by effect-based methods, which offer sensitive endpoints. In this context, daphnids, a freshwater species used extensively in molecular ecotoxicology, offer fast and noninvasive approaches to assess the impact of pollutants. Among the phenotypic endpoints used, feeding rate is a highly sensitive approach because it provides evidence of physiological alterations even in sublethal concentrations. However, there has been no standardized method for measuring feeding rate in daphnids, and several approaches follow different protocols. There is a diversity among tests employing large volumes, extensive incubation times, and high animal densities, which in turn utilize measurements of algae via fluorescence, radiolabeling, or counting ingested cells. These tests are challenging and laborious and sometimes require cumbersome instrumentation. In the present study, we optimized the conditions of a miniaturized fast, sensitive, and high-throughput assay to assess the feeding rate based on the ingestion of fluorescent microparticles. The protocol was optimized in neonates in relation to the concentration of microplastic and the number of animals to increase reproducibility. Daphnids, following exposures to nonlethal concentrations, were incubated with microplastics; and, as filter feeders, they ingest microparticles. The new approach revealed differences in the physiology of daphnids in concentrations below the toxicity limits for a range of pollutants of different modes of action, thus proving feeding to be a more sensitive and noninvasive endpoint in pollution assessment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:2211–2221. © 2024 The Author(s). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
A novel method for feeding measurements in neonates of Daphnia magna for toxicity assessment.
Bridging foresight and evaluation: A bridge worth building
Authors: Gardner Annette L. , Davies Rick , Kelly Thomas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFocusing on and supporting the integration of two overlapping but siloed disciplines is an exciting but uncertain endeavor. We can anticipate ambiguity in that it is an exploratory activity, as well as novelty in that we don't know exactly where we are going until we get there. However, we are sure it is worth the effort. As evidenced by the papers in this volume, evaluation and futures studies are two disciplines that have much to offer one another. Evaluation can inform the quality and effectiveness of foresight initiatives, such as whether an environmental scanning system surfaces signals of change that supports organizational long‐term thinking and preparedness. Systematically thinking about the future can free evaluation from being a primarily hindsight‐based discipline and activity and enable it to play a more active role in informing strategy and decision‐making that benefits evaluators, clients, and the program. Looking across this volume's papers, and beyond, we identify themes important to advancing foresight evaluation thinking and practice. In particular, we focus on how foresight thinking and methods can inform evaluation practice (and vice versa), the foresight capacity required on the part of evaluators, and the evaluation capacity that foresight practitioners currently have. Additionally, we provide some observations on gaps and challenges, and recommend ways that evaluators can look inward and outward to advance their foresight evaluation practice.
CD4+ T cell‐associated cytokines induce a chronic pro‐inflammatory phenotype in induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived midbrain astrocytes
Authors: MacMahon Copas Adina N. , McComish Sarah F. , Petrasca Andreea , McCormack Rachel , Ivers Daniel , Stricker Anna , Fletcher Jean M. , Caldwell Maeve A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAstrocytes are mediators of homeostasis but contribute to neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease (PD). Mounting evidence suggests involvement of peripheral immune cells in PD pathogenesis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the potential role of peripheral immune secreted cytokines in modulating midbrain astrocyte reactivity. Human iPSC‐derived midbrain astrocytes were exposed to 5% and 10% CD4+ T cell conditioned media (CD4CM) for 24 h, 72 h, and 7 days to assess chronic exposure. Additionally, astrocytes were exposed to the Th17 cell cytokine, IL‐17A (10 ng/mL), alone and in combination with TNF‐α (0.3 ng/mL) to assess potential synergistic effects of both cytokines at 24 h, 72 h, and 7 days. CD4CM induced acute and chronic alterations in midbrain astrocytes. Increased NFκB translocation to the nucleus, increased expression of the pro‐inflammatory genes, IL‐1β, CXCL10 at 24 h, C3, LCN2, IL‐6 at 24 and 48 h, as well as an increase in their release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐6 and CXCL10 at both these time points were observed. A synergistic response to the combination of IL‐17A and TNF‐α on increasing inflammatory gene expression and cytokine release occurred. IL‐17A and TNF‐α increased intensity of S100β at 24 h, decreased nuclear area and increased circularity of astrocytes at 72 h. A synergistic effect on γH2AX intensity at 72 h and an increase in LDH release at 7 days was observed. Our results demonstrate that IL‐17A and TNF‐α act synergistically, enhancing midbrain astrocyte reactivity to a similar degree as CD4CM. This highlights the importance of the peripheral immune secreted cytokines in increasing the reactivity status of midbrain astrocytes, implicating their role in PD.
Trends in resource allocation for primary health care in rural China: Concentration curve and decomposition analysis
Authors: Li Huiwen , Yuan Beibei , Song Suhang , Meng Qingyue , Kawachi Ichiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSince 2009, China has made large investments in strengthening the primary healthcare system. This study aimed to examine the trends in the number and distribution of health resources in rural China following the health system reform and to decompose the sources of inequalities. Data were collected from standardized reports compiled by each county in rural China and compiled by the National Health Commission and Bureau of Statistics. From the findings of this empirical study, resource allocation per capita for primary health care (PHC) improved gradually from 2008 to 2014. The distribution of beds across counties (ranked by level of economic development) was relatively equitable. However, the concentration curve analysis indicated that the distribution of primary care professionals remained skewed in favour of wealthier and more urbanised counties. Economic status was proved to be a major contributor to the inequality of health human resource. China's primary care reforms resulted in simultaneously improved supply of PHC resources as well as pro‐rich inequality in distribution of the workforce. To advance equality in health resource allocation, greater attention should be paid to the substantial inequality of economic status within counties.
Abnormalities in copper status associated with diminished ovarian reserve: A case–control and cross‐sectional study
Authors: Xu Ke , Shao Jingyi , Cai Kaixuan , Liu Qinyang , Li Xiyu , Yan Fei , Huang Rong , Hou Yao , Shi Yun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to illustrate the copper status of diminished ovarian reserve in Chinese women, especially the effects of copper, ceruloplasmin, non‐ceruloplasmin‐bound copper (NCC) and CuZn superoxide dismutase (SOD1).MethodsThis case–control, cross‐sectional investigation included women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR group, n = 35) and matched normal ovarian reserve (NOR group, n = 35). The serum levels of copper, ceruloplasmin, NCC, SOD1, follicle‐stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, testosterone, and anti‐Müllerian hormone were tested and analyzed.ResultsThe serum copper concentrations (60.88%), NCC (54.75%) and SOD1 (54.75%) in the DOR group were significantly higher than those in the NOR group (all P < 0.001), and the concentrations of the three markers were higher in most subgroups (P < 0.001). The correlation analysis verified the correlation between copper status and impaired ovarian function. Additionally, linear regression analysis showed that NCC and SOD1 levels were negatively correlated with anti‐Müllerian hormone (P < 0.05 or 0.001).ConclusionOur exploration found significant increases in copper, NCC and SOD1 levels in DOR and suggests a possible link. Copper status is expected to serve as the predictive marker for DOR.
Clinical implications of a Couvelaire uterus with placental abruption: A retrospective study
Authors: Hiiragi Kazuya , Obata Soichiro , Miyagi Etsuko , Aoki Shigeru 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to clarify the maternal and neonatal outcomes based on the presence or absence of a Couvelaire uterus with placental abruption.MethodsThis single‐center retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary perinatal center in Japan, including patients diagnosed with acute placental abruption who delivered live births via cesarean section between 2016 and 2023. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of a Couvelaire uterus during surgery: the Couvelaire and normal uterus groups. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were assessed.ResultsThis study included 76 patients: 24 in the Couvelaire group and 52 in the normal uterus group. No patients underwent hysterectomies. The Couvelaire group had significantly higher intraoperative blood loss (median 1152 vs 948 g, P = 0.010), blood transfusion rates (58% vs 31%, P = 0.022), fibrinogen administration rates (38% vs 13%, P = 0.038), intensive care unit/high care unit admission rates (29% vs 7.7%, P = 0.013), and disseminated intravascular coagulation complication rates (25% vs 7.7%, P = 0.038). There were no differences in birth weight, gestational age (median 2387 vs 2065 g, P = 0.082), Apgar score <4 at 5 min (4.2% vs 3.9%, P = 0.95), umbilical artery blood pH <7.1 (25% vs 22%, P = 0.82), and neonatal death (4.2% vs 1.9%, P = 0.57).ConclusionA Couvelaire uterus indicated adverse maternal outcomes but not neonatal ones. Its presence necessitates preparation for blood transfusions and/or intensive patient follow‐up.
Research progress of serum albumin in the field of drug delivery
Authors: Ji Hanxu , Zheng Ziyang , Li Siqi , Xiao Xian , Tang Wenxia , Zhang Xuehao , Guo Qimin , He Qi , Cai Shulong , Jiang Pan , Wang Hongxun , Li Longjie , Xiao Xianjin , Wang Limei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs a drug delivery system with wide application potential, serum albumin drug‐carrying nanoparticles have attracted extensive attention in the field of drug delivery in recent years. This review aims to summarize the research progress of serum albumin drug‐loaded nanoparticles in the field of drug delivery. Firstly, the excellent properties of serum albumin as a drug carrier were introduced, several methods of preparing serum albumin nanoparticles were discussed in depth, and their advantages and disadvantages were compared. Then, the design of the nanoparticle albumin drug carrier is discussed, including the control of the size of the nanoparticle, the surface properties and the amount of drug loading, so as to achieve better drug delivery effect. Finally, a series of therapeutic approaches using serum albumin nanoparticles as drug carriers, such as anti‐cancer drug delivery and drug delivery across the blood‐brain barrier, are systematically summarized. In summary, the research of serum albumin drug‐carrying nanoparticles has brought new possibilities and opportunities to the field of drug delivery, and inspired more innovative research and practical applications.
Overcoming challenges of clinical cell therapies for Parkinson's disease with photobiomodulation
Authors: Chamkouri Hossein , Si Jianmin , Chen Peng , Ni Haiyong , Bragin Denis E. , Ahmadlouydarab Majid , Niu Chaoshi , Chen Lei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhotobiomodulation (PBM) has emerged as a rapidly growing and innovative therapeutic method for various illnesses in recent years. Due to the irreversible nature of Parkinson's disease (PD), it has proven challenging to impede or postpone the progression of the disease. Despite research on pharmacological approaches to halt neuronal degeneration, the viability of these techniques has been called into doubt due to apprehensions over potential side effects and the ethical implications associated with the utilization of embryonic cell transplantation. Hence, developing an innovative therapeutic approach to halting neuronal degeneration and safeguarding neurons from this neurodegenerative disorder is imperative. This review examines the pathogenesis, challenges, and limitations of conventional PD therapies, allowing a closer examination of PBM's distinctive approach within this medical context. Delving into PBM's therapeutic mechanisms in the cells, the effects of different wavelengths on cell therapies in PD patients, and considerations for patient care administration to overcome traditional challenges, this study offers insights into its potential as a promising avenue for PD management.
Applications and efficacy of radically open dialectical behavior therapy (RO DBT): A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Hatoum Amaani H. , Burton Amy L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRadically open dialectical behaviour therapy (RO DBT) is a transdiagnostic treatment, originally developed as a variant of dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT), that emerged as a novel treatment approach for those presenting with excessive or maladaptive overcontrol. Despite RO DBT's growing popularity among clinicians as a treatment for chronic depression, personality disorders and eating disorders, to date, no systematic review has been conducted to summarise the evidence on this therapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to provide a current and comprehensive summary of the available evidence on the clinical applications and efficacy of RO DBT. Articles were included if they were original research studies that described the use of RO DBT in the treatment of any psychological disorder, condition or symptom, published in the English language in a peer‐reviewed journal. Four electronic databases were searched, and screening, selection, risk of bias assessment and data extraction were all conducted by two independent reviewers. Fourteen articles were included in this review, including two qualitative articles, one case study, five case series studies, four quasi‐experimental studies, and two articles describing one randomized control trial. Findings indicated there is emerging evidence for the use of RO DBT in both adolescents and adults, for disorders characterized by excessive self‐control, such as anorexia nervosa and autism, as well as for treatment‐resistant depression. While RO DBT shows promise as a treatment for disorders of overcontrol, further research is needed. This review outlines current gaps and identifies areas for future research.
Experienced discrimination and internalized stigma among people infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 and surviving COVID‐19: Association with anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms
Authors: Lasalvia Antonio , Bodini Luca , Pace Davide , Colombi Morena , Caruson Mattia Marco , Van Bortel Tine , Bonetto Chiara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPeople surviving COVID‐19 may experience social stigma related to their condition even after clinical recovery. This study aimed to: (1) investigate COVID‐19‐related experienced discrimination and internalized stigma, and (2) explore their association with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and insomnia. We conducted an online survey of people who survived COVID‐19. Perception of stigma was assessed using the COVID‐19 Experienced Discrimination Scale and the COVID‐19 Internalized Stigma Scale. Depression, anxiety, and insomnia were assessed using, respectively, the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, the General Anxiety Disorder Scale‐7, and the Insomnia Severity Index. Multivariable logistic regression analyses for each psychopathological domain were performed. A total of 579 participants participated in this study. Overall, 25% reported some degree of experienced discrimination, and 23% reported some degree of internalized stigma. Adjusted odds ratio showed that scoring higher on internalized stigma related significantly to higher symptoms of depression (2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35–3.39), anxiety (2.30; 95% CI, 1.48–3.59), and insomnia (2.54; 95% CI, 1.64–3.95), whereas experienced discrimination was associated to anxiety (1.55; 95% CI, 1.06–2.28) and insomnia (1.82; 95% CI, 1.24–2.69). Experiences of social stigmatization are frequent among people surviving COVID‐19 and seem to be associated with levels of psychological disturbances. Further research is required to elucidate the direction of these relationships to implement effective treatment strategies.
Postdischarge needs identified by an automated text messaging program: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Ahn Aiden , Morgan Anna U. , Burke Robert E. , Honig Katherine , Long Judith A. , McGlaughlin Nancy , Jointer Carlondra , Asch David A. , Bressman Eric 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundText messaging has emerged as a popular strategy to engage patients after hospital discharge. Little is known about how patients use these programs and what types of needs are addressed through this approach.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to describe the types and timing of postdischarge needs identified during a 30‐day automated texting program.MethodsThe program ran from January to August 2021 at a primary care practice in Philadelphia. In this mixed‐methods study, two reviewers conducted a directed content analysis of patient needs expressed during the program, categorizing them along a well‐known transitional care framework. We describe the frequency of need categories and their timing relative to discharge.ResultsA total of 405 individuals were enrolled; the mean (SD) age was 62.7 (16.2); 64.2% were female; 47.4% were Black; and 49.9% had Medicare insurance. Of this population, 178 (44.0%) expressed at least one need during the 30‐day program. The most frequent needs addressed were related to symptoms (26.8%), coordinating follow‐up care (20.4%), and medication issues (15.7%). The mean (SD) number of days from discharge to need was 10.8 (7.9); there were no significant differences in timing based on need category.ConclusionsThe needs identified via an automated texting program were concentrated in three areas relevant to primary care practice and within nursing scope of practice. This program can serve as a model for health systems looking to support transitions through an operationally efficient approach, and the findings of this analysis can inform future iterations of this type of program.
Human Brain Deuterium Metabolic Imaging at 7 T: Impact of Different [6,6′‐2H2]Glucose Doses
Authors: Ahmadian Narjes , Konig Maaike M. , Otto Sigrid , Tesselaar Kiki , van Eijsden Pieter , Gosselink Mark , Gursan Ayhan , Klomp Dennis W. , Prompers Jeanine J. , Wiegers Evita C. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundDeuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is an innovative, noninvasive metabolic MR imaging method conducted after administration of 2H‐labeled substrates. DMI after [6,6′‐2H2]glucose consumption has been used to investigate brain metabolic processes, but the impact of different [6,6′‐2H2]glucose doses on DMI brain data is not well known.PurposeTo investigate three different [6,6′‐2H2]glucose doses for DMI in the human brain at 7 T.Study TypeProspective.PopulationSix healthy participants (age: 28 ± 8 years, male/female: 3/3).Field Strength/Sequence7 T, 3D 2H free‐induction‐decay (FID)‐magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) sequence.AssessmentThree subjects received two different doses (0.25 g/kg, 0.50 g/kg or 0.75 g/kg body weight) of [6,6′‐2H2]glucose on two occasions and underwent consecutive 2H‐MRSI scans for 120 minutes. Blood was sampled every 10 minutes during the scan, to determine plasma glucose levels and plasma 2H‐Glucose atom percent excess (APE) (part‐1). Three subjects underwent the same protocol once after receiving 0.50 g/kg [6,6′‐2H2]glucose (part‐2).Statistical TestMean plasma 2H‐Glucose APE and glucose plasma concentrations were compared using one‐way ANOVA. Brain 2H‐Glc and brain 2H‐Glx (part‐1) were analyzed with a two‐level Linear Mixed Model. In part‐2, a General Linear Model was used to compare brain metabolite signals. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsBetween 60 and 100 minutes after ingesting [6,6′‐2H2]glucose, plasma 2H‐Glc APE did not differ between 0.50 g/kg and 0.75 g/kg doses (P = 0.961), but was significantly lower for 0.25 g/kg. Time and doses significantly affected brain 2H‐Glucose levels (estimate ± standard error [SE]: 0.89 ± 0.01, 1.09 ± 0.01, and 1.27 ± 0.01, for 0.25 g/kg, 0.50 g/kg, and 0.75 g/kg, respectively) and brain 2H‐Glutamate/Glutamine levels (estimate ± SE: 1.91 ± 0.03, 2.27 ± 0.03, and 2.46 ± 0.03, for 0.25 g/kg, 0.50 g/kg, and 0.75 g/kg, respectively). Plasma 2H‐Glc APE, brain 2H‐Glc, and brain 2H‐Glx levels were comparable among subjects receiving 0.50 g/kg [6,6′‐2H2]glucose.Data ConclusionBrain 2H‐Glucose and brain 2H‐Glutamate/Glutamine showed to be [6,6′‐2H2]glucose dose dependent. A dose of 0.50 g/kg demonstrated comparable, and well‐detectable, 2H‐Glucose and 2H‐Glutamate/Glutamine signals in the brain.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 2
Fecal microbiota transplantation alleviates mild‐moderate COVID‐19 associated diarrhoea and depression symptoms: A prospective study of a randomized, double‐blind clinical trial
Authors: Jiang Xia , Gao Xian , Ding Jiaqi , Pang Bo , Pei Yongbin , Zhao Zifeng , Zhao Ning , Wang Zibin , Chen Chengyang , Gao Da , Yan Fu , Wang Feifan , Liu Chengcheng , Zhang Zheng , Li Zhongxin , Zhao Zengren 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCurrently, the emergence of the endemic Coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) situation still poses a serious threat to public health. However, it remains elusive about the role of fecal microbiota transplantation in treating COVID‐19. We performed a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial enrolling a cohort of 40 COVID‐19 patients with mild‐moderate symptoms. Our results showed that fecal microbiota transplantation provided an amelioration in diarrhoea (p = 0.026) of digestive system and depression (p = 0.006) of neuropsychiatric‐related symptom in COVID‐19 patients, respectively. Meanwhile, we found that the number of patients with diarrhoea decreased from 19 to 0 on day 7 after fecal microbiota transplantation treatment, and it was statistically changed compared to the placebo group (p = 0.047). Of note, the serum concentration of aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐alanine aminotransferase ratio (AST/ALT, fecal microbiota transplantation, pre vs. post: 0.966 vs. 0.817), a biomarker for predicting long COVID‐19, was significantly reduced by fecal microbiota transplantation. In all, our study supports that fecal microbiota transplantation could be a novel therapeutic strategy for COVID‐19 patients with diarrhoea and depressive symptoms, which is potentially valuable in ameliorating long COVID‐19 symptoms.