bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homeostatic regulation of h‐conductance controls intrinsic excitability and stabilizes the threshold for synaptic modification in CA1 neurons
Authors: Gasselin Célia , Inglebert Yanis , Debanne Dominique 
Published: August 2015

Key points
We determined the contribution of the hyperpolarization‐activated cationic (h) current (Ih) to the homeostatic regulation of CA1 pyramidal cells in vitro using chronic treatments (48 h) that either increase (picrotoxin) or decrease (kynurenate) neuronal activity.
The h‐conductance was found to be up‐ or down‐regulated following chronic activity enhancement or activity deprivation, respectively. This bidirectional plasticity of Ih was found to subsequently alter both apparent input resistance and intrinsic neuronal excitability.
Bidirectional homeostatic plasticity of Ih also determined EPSP waveform and EPSP summation tested at 5–30 Hz.
Long‐term synaptic modification induced by repetitive stimulation of the Schaffer collaterals was found to be constant across treatments in the presence of Ih but not when Ih was blocked pharmacologically. Thus, bidirectional homeostatic regulation of Ih stabilizes induction of long‐term synaptic modification in CA1 pyramidal neurons that depends on EPSP summation.
AbstractThe hyperpolarization‐activated cationic (h) current is a voltage‐shock absorber, highly expressed in the dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons. Up‐regulation of Ih has been reported following episodes of intense network activity but the effect of activity deprivation on Ih and the functional consequence of homeostatic regulation of Ih remain unclear. We determined here the contribution of Ih to the homeostatic regulation of CA1 pyramidal cell excitability. Intrinsic neuronal excitability was decreased in neurons treated for 2–3 days with the GABAA channel blocker picrotoxin (PiTx) but increased in neurons treated (2–3 days) with the glutamate receptor antagonist kynurenate (Kyn). Membrane capacitance remained unchanged after treatment but the apparent input resistance was reduced for PiTx‐treated neurons and enhanced for Kyn‐treated neurons. Maximal Ih conductance was up‐regulated after chronic hyperactivity but down‐regulated following chronic hypoactivity. Up‐regulation of Ih in PiTx‐treated cultures was found to accelerate EPSP kinetics and reduce temporal summation of EPSPs whereas opposite effects were observed in Kyn‐treated cultures, indicating that homeostatic regulation of Ih may control the induction of synaptic modification depending on EPSP summation. In fact, stimulation of the Schaffer collaterals at 3–10 Hz induced differential levels of plasticity in PiTx‐treated and Kyn‐treated neurons when Ih was blocked pharmacologically but not in control conditions. These data indicate that homeostatic regulation of Ih normalizes the threshold for long‐term synaptic modification that depends on EPSP summation. In conclusion, bidirectional homeostatic regulation of Ih not only controls spiking activity but also stabilizes the threshold for long‐term potentiation induced in CA1 pyramidal neurons by repetitive stimulation.
Draft Genome Sequence of Dysgonomonas macrotermitis Strain JCM 19375T, Isolated from the Gut of a Termite
Authors: Sun Xinxin , Yang Yingjie , Zhang Ning , Shen Yulong , Ni Jinfeng 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTHere, we report the draft genome sequence ofDysgonomonas macrotermitisstrain JCM 19375T, which was isolated from the hindgut of a fungus-growing termite,Macrotermes barneyi. The genome information reveals the role of this strain in lignocellulose degradation and adaptation to the gut environment.
Complete Genome Sequence of Paenibacillus larvae MEX14, Isolated from Honey Bee Larvae from the Xochimilco Quarter in Mexico City
Authors: Peréz de la Rosa D. , Pérez de la Rosa J. J. , Cossio-Bayugar R. , Miranda-Miranda E. , Lozano L. , Bravo-Díaz M. A. , Rocha-Martínez M. K. , Sachman-Ruiz B. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Paenibacillus larvae
strain MEX14 is a facultative anaerobic endospore-forming bacterium that infects
Apis mellifera
larvae. Strain MEX14 was isolated from domestic bee larvae collected in a backyard in Mexico City. The estimated genome size was determined to be 4.18 Mb, and it harbors 4,806 protein coding genes (CDSs).
Genome Sequence of Bacillus alveayuensis Strain 24KAM51, a Halotolerant Thermophile Isolated from a Hydrothermal Vent
Authors: Filippidou Sevasti , Wunderlin Tina , Junier Thomas , Jeanneret Nicole , Johnson Shannon , McMurry Kim , Gleasner Cheryl D. , Lo Chien-Chi , Li Po-E , Vuyisich Momchilo , Chain Patrick S. , Junier Pilar 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Bacillus alveayuensis
strain 24KAM51 was isolated from a marine hydrothermal vent in Milos, Greece. Its genome depicts interesting features of halotolerance and resistance to heavy metals.
Developing a best practice pathway to support improvements in Indigenous Australians’ mental health and well-being: a qualitative study
Authors: Hinton Rachael , Kavanagh David J , Barclay Lesley , Chenhall Richard , Nagel Tricia 
Published: August 2015

ObjectiveThere is a need to adapt pathways to care to promote access to mental health services for Indigenous people in Australia. This study explored Indigenous community and service provider perspectives of well-being and ways to promote access to care for Indigenous people at risk of depressive illness.DesignA participatory action research framework was used to inform the development of an agreed early intervention pathway; thematic analysisSetting2 remote communities in the Northern Territory.ParticipantsUsing snowball and purposive sampling, 27 service providers and community members with knowledge of the local context and the diverse needs of those at risk of depression were interviewed. 30% of participants were Indigenous. The proposed pathway to care was adapted in response to participant feedback.ResultsThe study found that Indigenous mental health and well-being is perceived as multifaceted and strongly linked to cultural identity. It also confirms that there is broad support for promotion of a clear pathway to early intervention. Key identified components of this pathway were the health centre, visiting and community-based services, and local community resources including elders, cultural activities and families. Enablers to early intervention were reported. Significant barriers to the detection and treatment of those at risk of depression were identified, including insufficient resources, negative attitudes and stigma, and limited awareness of support options.ConclusionsSuccessful early intervention for well-being concerns requires improved understanding of Indigenous well-being perspectives and a systematic change in service delivery that promotes integration, flexibility and collaboration between services and the community, and recognises the importance of social determinants in health promotion and the healing process. Such changes require policy support, targeted training and education, and ongoing promotion.
Accuracy of administrative data for surveillance of healthcare-associated infections: a systematic review
Authors: van Mourik Maaike S M , van Duijn Pleun Joppe , Moons Karel G M , Bonten Marc J M , Lee Grace M 
Published: August 2015

ObjectiveMeasuring the incidence of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) is of increasing importance in current healthcare delivery systems. Administrative data algorithms, including (combinations of) diagnosis codes, are commonly used to determine the occurrence of HAI, either to support within-hospital surveillance programmes or as free-standing quality indicators. We conducted a systematic review evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of administrative data for the detection of HAI.MethodsSystematic search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane for relevant studies (1995–2013). Methodological quality assessment was performed using QUADAS-2 criteria; diagnostic accuracy estimates were stratified by HAI type and key study characteristics.Results57 studies were included, the majority aiming to detect surgical site or bloodstream infections. Study designs were very diverse regarding the specification of their administrative data algorithm (code selections, follow-up) and definitions of HAI presence. One-third of studies had important methodological limitations including differential or incomplete HAI ascertainment or lack of blinding of assessors. Observed sensitivity and positive predictive values of administrative data algorithms for HAI detection were very heterogeneous and generally modest at best, both for within-hospital algorithms and for formal quality indicators; accuracy was particularly poor for the identification of device-associated HAI such as central line associated bloodstream infections. The large heterogeneity in study designs across the included studies precluded formal calculation of summary diagnostic accuracy estimates in most instances.ConclusionsAdministrative data had limited and highly variable accuracy for the detection of HAI, and their judicious use for internal surveillance efforts and external quality assessment is recommended. If hospitals and policymakers choose to rely on administrative data for HAI surveillance, continued improvements to existing algorithms and their robust validation are imperative.
MODVOLC: 14 years of autonomous observations of effusive volcanism from space
Authors: Wright Robert 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

During the period 28 February 2000–31 December 2013, the MODVOLC system (
http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu
) autonomously analysed almost 9 trillion (i.e. 9×10
12
) pixels contained within almost 3 million MODIS images, searching for evidence of high-temperature thermal signatures associated with volcanic eruptions. Thermal unrest, mainly associated with active lava, be it in the form of flows, domes, lakes or confined to vents, was detected at 93 volcanoes during this period of time. The first part of this paper describes the physical basis and operational implementation of the MODVOLC algorithm. The second part presents data to detail the nature of the thermal emission from these 93 volcanoes over the past 14 years.
Trapping and escaping processes of Yangtze River-derived sediments to the East China Sea
Authors: Wu Jiaxue , Ren Jie , Liu Huan , Qiu Chunhua , Cui Yongsheng , Zhang Qianjiang 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Contour-parallel sediment dispersal from the Yangtze Estuary into the East China Sea develops a large-scale mud belt on the inner shelf. The sediment dynamics of long-distance dispersal is, however, still an open question. This was investigated by field observations in the 2013 wet season. To clarify the physics of the large-scale mud belt, we examined: (a) shelf circulation currents and their interaction with the Yangtze River; (b) small-/meso-scale processes including bottom boundary-layer flows, stratification and mixing, upwelling, and fronts; and (c) river-borne sediment gravity and contour currents. Field observations demonstrated that estuarine turbidity maxima can trap benthic concentrated suspensions in the near-bed layer and move these downslope of the subaqueous delta, forming sediment gravity currents supported by tidal currents. Compared with near-bed sediment transports, the buoyant coastal current cannot be a controlling factor in the mud belt formation. A constant along-shelf flux of near-bed sediment transport is responsible for the long-distance dispersal of the large-scale mud belt on the East China Sea inner shelf. The upwelling events provide more turbulent energy to sediment suspension under unstably stratified boundary flow. Our recognition of a contour-parallel ‘sediment channel’ has deep implications for understanding this inner-shelf mud belt and ancient mud deposits.
The Effect of Change in Body Mass Index on Volumetric Measures of Mammographic Density
Authors: Hart Vicki , Reeves Katherine W. , Sturgeon Susan R. , Reich Nicholas G. , Sievert Lynnette Leidy , Kerlikowske Karla , Ma Lin , Shepherd John , Tice Jeffrey A. , Mahmoudzadeh Amir Pasha , Malkov Serghei , Sprague Brian L. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Understanding how changes in body mass index (BMI) relate to changes in mammographic density is necessary to evaluate adjustment for BMI gain/loss in studies of change in density and breast cancer risk. Increase in BMI has been associated with a decrease in percent density, but the effect on change in absolute dense area or volume is unclear.
Methods: We examined the association between change in BMI and change in volumetric breast density among 24,556 women in the San Francisco Mammography Registry from 2007 to 2013. Height and weight were self-reported at the time of mammography. Breast density was assessed using single x-ray absorptiometry measurements. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between BMI and dense volume (DV), non-dense volume (NDV), and percent dense volume (PDV) were assessed using multivariable linear regression models, adjusted for demographics, risk factors, and reproductive history.
Results: In cross-sectional analysis, BMI was positively associated with DV [β, 2.95 cm3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.69–3.21] and inversely associated with PDV (β, −2.03%; 95% CI, −2.09, −1.98). In contrast, increasing BMI was longitudinally associated with a decrease in both DV (β, −1.01 cm3; 95% CI, −1.59, −0.42) and PDV (β, −1.17%; 95% CI, −1.31, −1.04). These findings were consistent for both pre- and postmenopausal women.
Conclusion: Our findings support an inverse association between change in BMI and change in PDV. The association between increasing BMI and decreasing DV requires confirmation.
Impact: Longitudinal studies of PDV and breast cancer risk, or those using PDV as an indicator of breast cancer risk, should evaluate adjustment for change in BMI. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(11); 1724–30. ©2015 AACR.
Aspirin Use and Risk of Breast Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Zhong Shanliang , Chen Lin , Zhang Xiaohui , Yu Dandan , Tang Jinhai , Zhao Jianhua 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPrevious studies concerning the association between aspirin use and breast cancer risk yielded inconsistent results. We aimed to investigate the association by meta-analysis. PubMed and EMBASE were searched for relevant studies. We calculated the summary relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using random-effects models. Seventeen cohort studies and 15 case–control studies were included. The overall result showed that aspirin use decreased risk of breast cancer (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.85–0.95). However, there was evidence of publication bias and heterogeneity and the association disappeared after correction using the trim-and-fill method. When stratified by study design, a significant benefit for aspirin users was only found in population-based and hospital-based case–control studies but not in cohort or nest case–control studies. Further subgroup analyses showed that aspirin use could decrease risk of in situ breast tumors or hormone receptor–positive tumors and reduce risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Aspirin use may not affect overall risk of breast cancer, but decrease risk of in situ breast tumors or hormone receptor–positive tumors and reduce risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Considering between-study significant heterogeneity and publication bias, confirmation in future studies is also essential. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(11); 1645–55. ©2015 AACR.
XBP 1-Deficiency Abrogates Neointimal Lesion of Injured Vessels Via Cross Talk With the PDGF Signaling
Authors: Zeng Lingfang , Li Yi , Yang Juanyao , Wang Gang , Margariti Andriana , Xiao Qingzhong , Zampetaki Anna , Yin Xiaoke , Mayr Manuel , Mori Kazutoshi , Wang Wen , Hu Yanhua , Xu Qingbo 
Published: August 2015

Objective—
Smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration and proliferation play an essential role in neointimal formation after vascular injury. In this study, we intended to investigate whether the X-box–binding protein 1 (XBP1) was involved in these processes.

Approach and Results—

In vivo studies on femoral artery injury models revealed that vascular injury triggered an immediate upregulation of
XBP1
expression and splicing in vascular SMCs and that
XBP1
deficiency in SMCs significantly abrogated neointimal formation in the injured vessels. In vitro studies indicated that platelet-derived growth factor-BB triggered
XBP1
splicing in SMCs via the interaction between platelet-derived growth factor receptor β and the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α. The spliced XBP1 (XBP1s) increased SMC migration via PI3K/Akt activation and proliferation via downregulating calponin h1 (CNN1). XBP1s directed the transcription of
mir-1274B
that targeted
CNN1
mRNA degradation. Proteomic analysis of culture media revealed that XBP1s decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family proteins secretion via transcriptional suppression. TGF-β3 but not TGF-β1 or TGF-β2 attenuated XBP1s-induced CNN1 decrease and SMC proliferation.

Conclusions—
This study demonstrates for the first time that XBP1 is crucial for SMC proliferation via modulating the platelet-derived growth factor/TGF-β pathways, leading to neointimal formation.
Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Regulates Revascularization in Chronic Ischemia
Authors: Liu Xiangwei , Sun Xiaolei , Liao Hua , Dong Zhen , Zhao Jingjing , Zhu Hong , Wang Peng , Shen Li , Xu Lei , Ma Xin , Shen Cheng , Fan Fan , Wang Cong , Hu Kai , Zou Yunzeng , Ge Junbo , Ren Jun , Sun Aijun 
Published: August 2015

Objective—
Revascularization is an essential process to compensate for cardiac underperfusion and, therefore, preserves cardiac function in the face of chronic ischemic injury. Recent evidence suggested a vital role of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in cardiac protection after ischemia. This study was designed to determine whether ALDH2 regulates chronic ischemia−induced angiogenesis and to explore the underlying mechanism involved. Moreover, the clinical impact of the ALDH2 mutant allele on the development of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) was evaluated.

Approach and Results—

Mice limb ischemia was performed. Compared with wild-type, ALDH2 deletion significantly reduced perfusion recovery, small artery and capillary density, and increased muscle atrophy in this ischemic model. In vitro, ALDH2-knockdown reduced proliferation, migration and hypoxia triggered endothelial tube formation of endothelial cells, the effects of which were restored by ALDH2 transfection. Further examination revealed that ALDH2 regulated angiogenesis possibly through hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor pathways. To further discern the role of ALDH2 deficiency in the function of bone marrow stem/progenitor cells, cross bone marrow transplantation was performed between wild-type and ALDH2-knockout mice. However, there was no significant improvement for wild-type bone marrow transplantation into knockout mice. ALDH2 genotyping was screened in 139 patients with chronic total occlusion recruited to Zhongshan Hospital (2011.10–2014.4). Patients with poor CCC (Rentrop 0–1; n=51) exhibited a higher frequency of the AA genotype than those with enriched CCC (Rentrop 2–3; n=88; 11.76% versus 1.14%;
P
=0 0.01). However, the AA group displayed less enriched CCC frequency in Logistic regression model when compared with the GG group (odds ratio=0.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.009–0.701;
P
=0 0.026). Furthermore, serum vascular endothelial growth factor level tended to be lower in patients with ALDH2 mutation.

Conclusions—
This study demonstrated that ALDH2 possesses an intrinsic capacity to regulate angiogenesis via hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor. Patients with ALDH2-deficient genotype displayed a higher risk of developing poor CCC. Therapeutic individualization based on ALDH2 allele distribution may thus improve the therapeutic benefit, especially in the East Asian decedents.
Clinical and Economic Implications of Apixaban Versus Aspirin in the Low-Risk Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Authors: Lip Gregory Y.H. , Lanitis Tereza , Mardekian Jack , Kongnakorn Thitima , Phatak Hemant , Dorian Paul 
Published: August 2015

Background and Purpose—

Although recommended by guidelines, the benefits of treating patients with atrial fibrillation with a low–stroke risk score, with aspirin or anticoagulants, have not been clearly established. With advent of safer non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant, we assessed the clinical and economic implications of 5 mg BID of apixaban versus aspirin among patients with a relative low risk of stroke as assessed using the CHADS
2
(congestive heart failure, hypertension, age>75, diabetes mellitus, stroke/transient ischemic attack) and CHA
2
DS
2
–VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes mellitus, stroke/transient ischemic attack, vascular disease) stroke risk classification.

Methods—

A previously developed and validated Markov model was adapted. A secondary analysis of the Apixaban Versus Acetylsalicylic Acid to Prevent Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Who Have Failed or Are Unsuitable for Vitamin K Antagonist Treatment (AVERROES) study was conducted to estimate event rates in different low-risk cohorts by treatment. Three cohorts (n=1000) with a CHADS
2
score of 1, CHA
2
DS
2
–VASc score of 1, and CHA
2
DS
2
–VASc of score 2 to 4 were simulated to assess the number of clinical events avoided in terms of strokes and major bleeds, as well as life years gained, quality-adjusted life years gained, costs, and incremental costs per quality-adjusted life year gained.

Results—
Apixaban was associated with fewer strokes and systemic embolism versus aspirin across all subgroups; however, it caused more major bleeding events. The reduction in systemic embolism offset the increase in major bleeding events leading to increased life expectancy and quality-adjusted life year gains, achieved at an increased cost that was lower than the UK threshold of $44 400 (ie, £30 000) per quality-adjusted life year gained across the 3 cohorts examined.

Conclusions—

Anticoagulant treatment with apixaban versus aspirin in low-risk patients, as identified using CHADS
2
or CHA
2
DS
2
–VASc, is projected to increase life expectancy and provide clinical benefits that are cost effective.
Physical Mechanisms of Tropical Climate Feedbacks Investigated Using Temperature and Moisture Trends*
Authors: Ferraro A. J. , Lambert F. H. , Collins M. , Miles G. M. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Tropical climate feedback mechanisms are assessed using satellite-observed and model-simulated trends in tropical tropospheric temperature from the MSU/AMSU instruments and upper-tropospheric humidity from the HIRS instruments. Despite discrepancies in the rates of tropospheric warming between observations and models, both are consistent with constant relative humidity over the period 1979–2008. Because uncertainties in satellite-observed tropical-mean trends preclude a constraint on tropical-mean trends in models regional features of the feedbacks are also explored. The regional pattern of the lapse rate feedback is primarily determined by the regional pattern of surface temperature changes, as tropical atmospheric warming is relatively horizontally uniform. The regional pattern of the water vapor feedback is influenced by the regional pattern of precipitation changes, with variations of 1–2 W m−2 K−1 across the tropics (compared to a tropical-mean feedback magnitude of 3.3–4 W m−2 K−1). Thus the geographical patterns of water vapor and lapse rate feedbacks are not correlated, but when the feedbacks are calculated in precipitation percentiles rather than in geographical space they are anticorrelated, with strong positive water vapor feedback associated with strong negative lapse rate feedback. The regional structure of the feedbacks is not related to the strength of the tropical-mean feedback in a subset of the climate models from the CMIP5 archive. Nevertheless the approach constitutes a useful process-based test of climate models and has the potential to be extended to constrain regional climate projections.