bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hysteresis performance study of SRUHSC frame based on rod segment fiber model
Authors: Duan Qing-Yu , Wang Qiang , Yang Chun-Xiao 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionWith the large-scale construction of high-rise and super high-rise buildings, structures combining ultra-high strength concrete and steel sections are increasingly applied in practical engineering.MethodsAccurately predicting the elastoplastic behavior of frame structures containing steel-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete (SRUHPC) components is crucial for assessing the seismic safety and studying the collapse performance of buildings with such components. To expand the application range of the SRC-SFM based on DEM (Discrete Element Method), this paper introduces a UHPC constitutive model based on SRC-SFM, constructing an SFM suitable for SRUHPC components. On this basis, it also achieves the establishment of a comprehensive SRHSC model. The SRUHPC SFM model is further validated through comparisons with the hysteretic performance of SRUHPC components and plane frames of different stories.ResultsComprehensive indicators including hysteretic curves, stress-strain relationships of various fibers at the column base, energy dissipation curves, and stiffness degradation curves prove that SRUHPC-SFM can be used to simulate the hysteretic performance of SRUHPC components and SRUHPC plane frames.DiscussionThis extends the application of DEM in studying the non-linear mechanical properties of structures containing SRUHPC components before collapse, laying a solid foundation for accurate simulation of the entire collapse process of structures containing SRUHPC components using DEM.
Culturally relevant informal STEM learning for underserved students: effects of repeated exposure to the engineering design process
Authors: Barajas-Salazar Bianca E. , Almeida Melissa , Aguirre-Muñoz Zenaida , Viveros Maribel 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThis study investigates the impact of repeated exposure to the Engineering Design Process (EDP) through culturally responsive STEM lessons, delivered in an informal science learning (ISL) setting to middle school students from underserved communities in California’s Central Valley.MethodsA mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative analysis of student journals and survey responses with quantitative analysis of pre- and post-survey data. The study focused on students’ STEM identity, self-efficacy, and perceptions of engineering knowledge.ResultsQualitative findings highlighted key themes of problem-solving and understanding the EDP, demonstrating that students engaged deeply with the process. Quantitative results indicated significant improvements in students’ STEM identity, self-efficacy, and perceptions of engineering knowledge following repeated exposure to the EDP.DiscussionThese findings suggest that embedding the EDP within culturally relevant, hands-on ISL activities can effectively enhance students’ engagement with STEM subjects, foster stronger STEM identities, and address educational inequities.
Fatty acid metabolism influences the immune microenvironment in papillary thyroid cancer and identifies SCD as a novel biomarker
Authors: Shen Bingbing , Zhang Yu , Tie Yan 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a common endocrine tumor with a rapidly increasing incidence. While surgery and radioactive iodine treatment are effective for most patients, they impose significant economic and psychological burdens. Metabolic dysregulation, particularly in fatty acid metabolism (FAM), plays a critical role in cancer progression and immune responses. Identifying key FAM-related genes in PTC may provide valuable biomarkers and potential treatment candidates.Materials and methodsWe analyzed 309 FAM-related genes to build a prognostic signature. DEGs were identified and a multivariate Cox regression model was utilized to establish a robust prognostic signature, which was validated by evaluating its associations with clinical features, immune responses, and tumor progression. Lastly, we examined the expression of key FAM-related genes in PTC cell lines and assessed that silencing SCD disturbs the proliferation, invasion, and migration of PTC cells.ResultsWe identified three key FAM-related genes, ACACB, ADH1B, and SCD, as significant prognostic markers. Immunological analysis uncovered that low-risk patients exhibited higher immune cell abundance and increased expression of immune checkpoints, indicating a better response to immunotherapy. In contrast, high-risk patients showed lower immune cell abundance and immune checkpoint expression, suggesting poorer immunotherapy outcomes. Experimental validation demonstrated that ACACB and ADH1B were downregulated, while SCD was upregulated in PTC cell lines. Furthermore, silencing SCD inhibited PTC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.ConclusionOur study underscores the pivotal role of FAM-related genes, particularly ACACB, ADH1B, and SCD, in the progression and immune regulation of PTC. The prognostic signature derived from these genes represents a valuable tool for predicting clinical outcomes and guiding personalized treatment strategies. Among these, SCD stands out as a promising therapeutic target for PTC, warranting further research to validate these findings and uncover its underlying molecular mechanisms.
Antidrug antibodies to adalimumab do not associate with immunologically related adverse events
Authors: Tourdot Sophie , Vazquez-Abad Maria-Dolores , Cox Donna S. , Cai Chun-Hua , Wang Karen , Zhang Wuyan , Lepsy Christopher 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionUnwanted immune responses (UIRs) to biologics can negatively impact treatment efficacy and pharmacokinetics and/or induce adverse events (AEs). We characterized the UIR profile of adalimumab (ADL) using data from a phase 3, randomized, interchangeability study of reference ADL (ADL-REF; Humira®) and ADL biosimilar PF-06410293 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsEligible patients (18−70 years, moderate-to-severe active RA) received ADL-REF from weeks 0−10 (lead-in period) then were randomized 1:1 to: 3 switches between PF-06410293 and ADL-REF or continuous ADL-REF treatment until week 32. As interchangeability of PF-06410293 with ADL-REF was previously demonstrated, data were combined across groups to describe the development of antidrug antibodies (ADAs) and their impact on pharmacokinetics and immunologically related AEs. Pharmacokinetic endpoints included maximum observed serum concentration (Cmax), area under serum concentration–time curve over dosing interval (AUCtau), time of maximum observed serum concentration (Tmax), average serum concentration (Cav), and apparent clearance (CL/F), determined from robust pharmacokinetic sampling during weeks 30–32; and predose concentrations (Ctrough) at prespecified sampling time points. Other endpoints: patients (%) with ADA-positive and neutralizing ADA (NAb)-positive samples, time of first ADA/NAb detected, ADA titers over time, persistence of ADA/NAb, and immunologically related AEs by ADA/NAb status.ResultsOf 427 randomized patients, 59% were ADA-positive, 52% had persistent ADA, 14% were NAb-positive, and 10% had persistent NAb. In most patients, ADA/NAb first developed within 16 weeks of ADL treatment regardless of pre-existing (baseline day 1) ADA. ADA/NAb titers stabilized by week 16 without boosters. Ctrough was lower in patients with ADA-positive than ADA-negative samples throughout the study. From weeks 30–32, AUCtau, Cmax, and Cav were lower in ADA-positive than ADA-negative samples at week 30, especially in patients with ADA-positive/NAb-positive samples. Only 3% of patients had immunologically related AEs. Most were injection site and hypersensitivity reactions, and none were considered severe or serious or associated with the presence of ADA/NAb. Presence of pre-existing ADA did not increase the potential for immunologically related responses to ADL.ConclusionsPresence of ADA (with or without NAb) was associated with lower drug concentrations and faster clearance but not with the development of immunologically related AEs.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT0423021.
Gut microbiota is associated with persistence of longer-term BNT162b2 vaccine immunogenicity
Authors: Ng Ho Yu , Liao Yunshi , Cheung Ching Lung , Zhang Ruiqi , Chan Kwok Hung , Seto Wai-Kay , Leung Wai K. , Hung Ivan F. N. , Lam Tommy T. Y. , Cheung Ka Shing 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionBNT162b2 immunogenicity wanes with time and we investigated association between gut microbiota and longer-term immunogenicity.MethodsThis cohort study prospectively recruited adult BNT162b2 two-dose recipients from three vaccination centers in Hong Kong. Blood samples were collected at baseline and day 180 after first dose, and tested for neutralizing antibodies (NAb) against receptor-binding domain (RBD) of wild type SARS-CoV-2 virus using chemiluminescence immunoassay. Shotgun DNA metagenomic sequencing was performed to characterize baseline stool microbiome. Baseline metabolites were measured by gas and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS). Primary outcome was persistent high NAb response (defined as top 25% of NAb level) at day 180. Putative bacterial species and metabolic pathways were identified using linear discriminant analysis [LDA] effect size analysis. Multivariable logistic regression adjusting for clinical factors was used to derive adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of outcome with bacterial species and metabolites.ResultsOf 242 subjects (median age: 50.2 years [IQR:42.5-55.6]; male:85 [35.1%]), 61 (25.2%) were high-responders while 33 (13.6%) were extreme-high responders (defined as NAb≥200AU/mL). None had COVID-19 at end of study. Ruminococcus bicirculans (log10LDA score=3.65), Parasutterella excrementihominis (score=2.82) and Streptococcus salivarius (score=2.31) were enriched in high-responders, while Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron was enriched in low-responders (score=-3.70). On multivariable analysis, bacterial species (R. bicirculans–aOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.02-3.51; P. excrementihominis–aOR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.18-4.18; S. salivarius–aOR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.13-3.94) but not clinical factors associated with high response. R. bicirculans positively correlated with most metabolic pathways enriched in high-responders, including superpathway of L-cysteine biosynthesis (score=2.25) and L-isoleucine biosynthesis I pathway (score=2.16) known to benefit immune system. Baseline serum butyrate (aOR:10.00, 95% CI:1.81-107.2) and isoleucine (aOR:1.17, 95% CI:1.04-1.35) significantly associated with extreme-high vaccine response.ConclusionCertain gut bacterial species, metabolic pathways and metabolites associate with longer-term COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity.
Assessing the impact of moxibustion on colonic mucosal integrity and gut microbiota in a rat model of cerebral ischemic stroke: insights from the “brain-gut axis” theory
Authors: Ding Yi-Xia , Chen Liang-Liang , Li Kui-Wu , Zou Ling , Liao Lu-Min , Han Xiao-Yu , OuYang Jie , Wu Yue-Ping , Zhang Wen-Dong , Chu Hao Ran 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to assess the impact of moxibustion on the colonic mucosal barrier and gut microbiota in a rat model of cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS).MethodThe CIS rat model was established using the modified Zea Longa suture method. Successfully modeled rats were randomly allocated into a model group and a moxibustion group, with a sham surgery group serving as the control. The moxibustion group received suspended moxibustion at Dazhui (GV 14), Baihui (GV 20), Fengfu (GV 16), and bilateral Tianshu (ST 25) and Shangjuxu (ST 37) acupoints. Neurological function was assessed using the Longa score, and brain infarct size was assessed through 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rDNA amplification sequencing. Intestinal mucosal permeability was evaluated using the FITC-Dextran tracer method. The serum ET-1 levels and the expression of Occludin and ZO-1 proteins in colonic tissues were also measured.ResultThe model group exhibited significantly higher Longa scores, larger brain infarct size, and higher serum FITC-Dextran levels and ET-1 levels when compared with the sham surgery group (p &lt; 0.01). The model group demonstrated decreased expression of Occludin and ZO-1 in colonic tissues (p &lt; 0.01) and changes in gut microbiota structure. When compared to the model group, the moxibustion group demonstrated significantly lower Longa scores, smaller brain infarct size, and lower serum FITC-Dextran levels and ET-1 levels (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the moxibustion group demonstrated decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in colonic tissues, increased expression of Occludin and ZO-1 proteins in colonic tissues (p &lt; 0.05), enhanced gut microbiota structure, and a decreased Simpson index (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionMoxibustion can improve the neurological dysfunction in CIS model rats. The mechanism may be associated with the improvement in gut microbiota dysbiosis, reduction in colonic mucosal permeability, and restoration of intestinal mucosal barrier damage.
Machine learning, clinical-radiomics approach with HIM for hemorrhagic transformation prediction after thrombectomy and treatment
Authors: Hu Sheng , Liu Junyu , Hong Jiayi , Chen Yuting , Wang Ziwen , Hu Jibo , Gai Shiying , Yu Xiaochao , Fu Jingjing 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThis study aimed to develop a clinical-radiomics model using hyperattenuated imaging markers (HIM), characterized by hyperattenuation on head non-contrast computed tomography immediately after thrombectomy, to predict the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients undergoing endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (MT).MethodsA total of 159 consecutive patients with HIM were screened immediately after MT for inclusion. The datasets were randomly divided into training and test cohorts at a ratio of 8:2. An optimal machine learning (ML) algorithm was used for model development. Subsequently, models for clinical, radiomics, and clinical-radiomics were developed. The performance of the models was measured using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and decision curve analyses (DCA). The interpretability and predictor importance of the model were analyzed using Shapley additive explanations.ResultsOf the 159 patients, 100 (62.9%) exhibited HT. The support vector machine (SVM) was the optimal ML algorithm for constructing the models. In predicting HT, the areas under the curve (AUCs) of the clinical model were 0.918 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.869–0.966) in the training cohort and 0.854 (95% CI = 0.724–0.984) in the test cohort. The AUCs of the radiomics model were 0.869 (95% CI = 0.802–0.936) and 0.829 (95% CI = 0.668–0.990), while those of the clinical-radiomics model were 0.944 (95% CI = 0.905–0.984) and 0.925 (95% CI = 0.832–1.000).ConclusionThe suggested clinical-radiomics model based on HIM is a reliable method that can provide a risk evaluation of HT in individuals undergoing MT.
γ-Aminobutyric acid treatment enhances quality and improves antioxidant activities of fresh-cut Euryale ferox stems during postharvest storage
Authors: Wang Yan , Wei Hongmei , Wang Songxu , Yu Fulong , Zhai Ligong , Yang Jianting , Wei Zhaohui 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionFresh-cut Euryale ferox stem (FCEFS) is a nutrient-rich but underutilized vegetable that has a short shelf life, making it prone to softening and rotting.MethodsThe effects of different concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on sensory quality and antioxidant activity during cold storage at 4°C for 20 d were examined.ResultsThe results revealed that the FCEFS samples treated with 5 mM GABA maintained greater hardness and ascorbic acid, total phenolic compound and chlorophyll contents than the FCEFS samples not treated with GABA. FCEFS samples subjected to GABA treatment and stored under long-term cold storage conditions presented elevated sensory scores. The control group had ceased to possess commercial value on 16 d, and it was edible by 20 d following GABA treatment, which was corroborated by the notable colour characteristics and electronic nose analysis. Notably, GABA treatment delayed the decrease in soluble solid and endogenous GABA levels, and delayed the accumulation of malondialdehyde and the increase in lignin content in FCEFS during cold storage. In addition, GABA maintained high peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activities.DiscussionTreatment with 5 mM GABA maintained the shelf-life and sensory quality of the FCEFS for 20 d at 4°C. Therefore, these results indicate that GABA can be used to delay the softening of FCEFS and extend its cold storage and shelf-life.
Ketogenic metabolic therapy in the remission of chronic major depressive disorder: a retrospective case study
Authors: Laurent Nicole , Bellamy Erin L. , Hristova Donika , Houston Ally 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThere is limited evidence describing the use of ketogenic metabolic therapy (KMT), also known as a ketogenic diet (KD), to achieve full remission of treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) in real-world clinical settings. This case study examines a 47-year-old woman with lifelong treatment-resistant MDD who achieved complete remission of depressive symptoms and improved functioning through a ketogenic diet.MethodsThe patient engaged in KMT with a 1.5:1 macronutrient ratio under the supervision of a treatment team consisting of a medical professional, psychotherapist, and ketogenic-informed nutrition professional through an online program that provided both individual and group support. Interventions included dietary modifications, micronutrient supplementation, and participation in a group coaching program. Outcomes were assessed using validated tools for symptom severity, including PHQ-9 for depression and GAD-7 for anxiety, at baseline, 2 months, and 4 months post-intervention. Qualitative data on patient experiences and functional improvements were also collected.ResultsThe patient achieved remission of MDD within 8 weeks of initiating KMT, with PHQ-9 scores decreasing from 25 (severe depression) at baseline to 0 at 2- and 4-month assessments. GAD-7 scores decreased from 3 (minimal anxiety) to 0 over the same period. Qualitative findings revealed significant improvements in emotional regulation, energy levels, and cognitive function.ConclusionThis case study demonstrates the potential of KMT as a non-pharmacological intervention for achieving full remission in treatment-resistant MDD. These findings suggest further research to evaluate feasibility, efficacy, and broader applicability in diverse clinical settings.
Deep cervical stromal invasion predicts poor prognosis in patients with stage II endometrioid endometrial cancer: a two-centered retrospective study
Authors: Shao Wenyu , Xue Yu , Xu Zhiying , Guan Jun , Wang Huaying , Chen Xiaojun , Ren Yulan 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of depth of cervical stromal invasion (CSI) on the prognosis of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage II endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC).MethodsPatients with FIGO stage II EEC confirmed by postoperative histopathology and consecutively admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center between 2008 and 2017 were included in this study and reviewed retrospectively.ResultsTwo hundred and ninety-seven patients were included in this study. There were 253 (253/297, 85.2%)patients with superficial (&lt;50%) and 44 (44/297, 14.8%) cases with deep (≥50%) CSI. The median follow-up time was 75.0 months (range: 5-175 months). Patients in the ≥50% CSI group had a poorer prognosis compared to the &lt;50% CSI group (recurrence-free survival [RFS]: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 6.077, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 2.275-16.236, disease-specific survival [DSS]: aHR = 7.259, 95% CI: 2.546-20.695). Deep CSI was an independent predictor of local recurrence (aHR=5.537, 95% CI: 1.804-16.991). Post operative external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) was correlated with a reduced risk of recurrence (aHR = 0.288, 95% CI: 0.097-0.859).ConclusionDeep CSI is a poor prognostic factor for RFS and DSS in patients with FIGO stage II EEC. Postoperative EBRT can improve both RFS and DSS. Those findings imply that a detailed pathological report on the depth of CSI would be helpful in better understanding its impact on prognosis and selecting an appropriate postoperative treatment for the patient.
Solitary testicular metastasis post-prostatectomy for prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma: case report and literature review
Authors: Chang Bo , Zhang Manqing , Hou Yifan , Li Wenbin , Li Song , Zhang Jianhua , Wang Chenyang , Zhang Qiangqiang , Hou Junqing 
Published: February 2025

Background and PurposeProstatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) constitutes a rare and notably aggressive histological subtype within the spectrum of prostate malignancies, distinguished by a heightened propensity for recurrence and metastasis compared to prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma (PAA). Testicular metastasis in PDA is exceptionally rare. Despite sporadic reports in the literature, a consensus regarding the optimal therapeutic approach remains elusive. This study retrospectively analyzes a singular case of PDA manifesting with solitary testicular metastasis after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP), consolidating insights into clinical, histopathological, molecular, and therapeutic aspects, alongside existing scholarly discourse.MethodsWe present the case of a 63-year-old gentleman diagnosed with pure PDA (pT3aN0, Gleason score 4 + 4 = 8), exhibiting a serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level exceeding 100 ng/ml. Subsequently, the patient underwent androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) followed by LRP. Subsequently, at 17 months post-LRP, local recurrence and a right testicular mass emerged, prompting pelvic radiotherapy and docetaxel chemotherapy. Ultimately, the patient underwent right orchiectomy 65 months post-LRP, with pathological findings confirming metastatic PDA. Four months post-orchiectomy, PSA levels declined to 1.77 ng/ml. Additionally, a comprehensive review of published literature concerning PDA complicated by testicular metastasis was conducted.ResultsThe patient derived therapeutic benefits from ADT, LRP, radiation therapy, and orchiectomy, resulting in objective symptom alleviation and a reduction in PSA. Nevertheless, docetaxel proved inefficacious. The literature review indicated variability in outcomes across diverse treatment modalities.ConclusionsProlonged surveillance is imperative for patients diagnosed with PDA. Urologists must remain vigilant regarding uncommon sites of metastasis, particularly in instances of elevated PSA.