bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Lipase from Ficus carica Latex of Tunisian East Coast Zidi Variety
Authors: Lazreg‐Aref Houda , Mosbah Habib , Fekih Abdelwaheb , Mars Massoud , Said Khaled 
Published: September 2012

AbstractLipase from Ficus carica L. (Moraceae) latex of the Zidi variety was purified 80.5‐fold with 68.5 % recovery using silica gel chromatography. The molecular weight of the enzyme was 29 kDa as determined by SDS‐PAGE. High lipolytic activity was found in the crude extract during the fruit ripening process. The activity of purified lipase (ZL) seemed to depend strongly on chain length and showed a preference to long chain triacylglycerols. Indeed, ZL specific activity was 370.3 UI/mg using olive oil as a substrate at 45 °C and pH 5.5. In contrast, activity towards short chain triacylglycerols (tributyrin) was 12‐fold lower (32 UI/mg). The enzyme was quite stable in the pH range 4–8, and thermally stable at 60 °C displaying t1/2 about 90 min using olive oil as a substrate. The values of Km app and Vm were found to be 14.3 mM and 294.1 μmol/min/mg, respectively. ZL activity was strongly reduced by Fe2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+, while significantly increased by Ca2+ and Cu2+. The enzyme was stimulated by sodium dodecyl sulfate, and Tween‐80, while Triton X‐100 and EDTA had a slight inhibitory effect. No Effect was observed in addition of PMSF and iodoacetic acid.
Characterization of Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate Formulations Using NMR Spectroscopy, Mass Spectrometry and Dynamic Light Scattering
Authors: Orfanakis Andreas , Hatzakis Emmanuel , Kanaki Katerina , Pergantis Spiros A. , Rizos Apostolos , Dais Photis 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThree different analytical techniques, namely NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and dynamic light scattering, were used to unravel the structure and morphology of polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR). This material is used as an emulsifier in the preparation of chocolate and other confectionary products. The use of 1D and 2D NMR techniques led to the distinction of two separate entities in commercial ricinoleic acid (RA) and PGPR samples, namely the monomeric and oligomeric RA (estolides). 1H and 13C spectra of PGPR confirmed the presence of polyglycerol moieties of various lengths being esterified by RA and estolides and to a lesser extent by oleic and linoleic acids. 13C‐NMR DOSY experiments demonstrated the occurrence of several species in PGPR. Electrospray Ionization and tandem Mass Spectrometry succeeded in identifying the presence of over 30 glycerol/polyglycerol species containing n glycerol moieties with n = 1–6 esterified by monomeric and oligomeric RA molecules. Dynamic light scattering contributed to the characterization of PGPR morphology. The PGPR mixture contains relatively small‐sized entities (monomers, dimmers, trimmers) and larger aggregates resulted from chain association. The percentage of larger aggregates is minimal compared to small‐sized species.
Analysis of Triacylglycerols and Free Fatty Acids in Algae Using Ultra‐Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Samburova Vera , Lemos Mark S. , Hiibel Sage , Kent Hoekman S. , Cushman John C. , Zielinska Barbara 
Published: September 2012

AbstractTo assess the suitability of microalgal strains for biodiesel production the lipid content and composition, especially individual triacylglycerols (TAG) and free fatty acids (FFA) must be determined. In this study, the compositions and concentrations of TAG and FFA were analysed in four halophytic algal species, Dunaliella salina, D. tertiolecta, D. bardawil, and D. granulata. These species were selected as part of a larger screen to identify species suitable for biofuel feedstocks. An accelerated solvent extraction instrument was used for lipids and fatty acid extraction using a dichloromethane–hexane solvent system. Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) detection was optimized and applied to the quantitative analysis of TAG and FFA in the different algal extracts. Individual TAG were characterized structurally using direct electrospray ionization (ESI) MS and MS/MS techniques. Cationic adducts (NH4+) of TAG were detected and quantified in the positive ESI MS and MS/MS modes, while the negative ESI mode was used for FFA analysis. Over 20 TAG were identified and quantified in the four Dunaliella strains. Analysis of FFA compositions demonstrated that the most abundant FFA in these four algal species were palmitic, linolenic, linoleic, and oleic acids.
Lipase Immobilized Methacrylate Polymer Monolith Microreactor for Lipid Transformations and Online Analytics
Authors: Mugo Samuel M. , Ayton Karl 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis communication entails development of a facile continuous flow lipase immobilized poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐co‐ethylene dimethacrylate (poly(GMA‐co‐EDMA)) monolith microreactor for application in lipid transformations. Candida antarctica lipase B was covalently immobilized on poly(GMA‐co‐EDMA) monolith prepared in a 700‐μm (internal diameter) silica capillary. The specific activity of the immobilized lipase was calculated to be 30 ± 0.03 U/mg, where U refers to μg p‐nitrophenol generated/min from 3.5 mM p‐nitrophenyl butyrate solution. The microreactor performance was further tested for synthesis of lauryl laurate via esterification. Conversions of up to 97 % were realized at a flow rate of 10 μL/min of a mixture of 0.1 M in both lauric acid and lauryl alcohol. These microreactors could be reused at least 15 times over a 1 month time period, stored at room temperature, with minimal to no reduction in the activity of the enzyme. We have also demonstrated microreactors to be useful for facile transesterification of castor oil triglycerides with online ESI–MS analytics key in lipidomics applications.
Physical activity patterns and correlates among adults from a developing country: the Sri Lanka Diabetes and Cardiovascular Study
Authors: Katulanda Prasad , Jayawardana Ranil , Ranasinghe Priyanga , Rezvi Sheriff MH , Matthews David R 
Published: September 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate patterns of physical activity (PA), the prevalence of physical inactivity and the relationships between PA and sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical parameters among Sri Lankan adults.DesignDescriptive cross-sectional study.SettingNationally representative population-based survey conducted in Sri Lanka.SubjectsData on PA and associated details were obtained from 5000 adults. PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (short-form). A binary logistic regression analysis was performed using the dichotomous variable ‘health-enhancing PA’ (0 = ‘active’, 1 = ‘inactive’).ResultsSample size was 4485. Mean age was 46·1 (sd 15·1) years, 39·5 % were males. The mean weekly total MET (metabolic equivalents of task) minutes of PA among the study population was 4703 (sd 4369). Males (5464 (sd 5452)) had a significantly higher weekly total MET minutes than females (4205 (sd 3394); P < 0·001). Rural adults (5175 (sd 4583)) were significantly more active than urban adults (2956 (sd 2847); P < 0·001). Tamils had the highest mean weekly total MET minutes among ethnicities. Those with tertiary education had lowest mean weekly total MET minutes. In all adults 60·0 % were in the ‘highly active’ category, while only 11·0 % were ‘inactive’ (males 14·6 %, females 8·7 %; P < 0·001). Of the ‘highly active’ adults, 85·8 % were residing in rural areas. Results of the binary logistic regression analysis indicated that female gender (OR = 2·1), age >70 years (OR = 3·8), urban living (OR = 2·5), Muslim ethnicity (OR = 2·7), tertiary education (OR = 3·6), obesity (OR = 1·8), diabetes (OR = 1·6), hypertension (OR = 1·2) and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1·3) were all associated with significantly increased odds of being physically ‘inactive’.ConclusionsThe majority of Sri Lankan adults were ‘highly active’ physically. Female gender, older age, urban living, Muslim ethnicity and tertiary education were all significant predictors of physical inactivity. Physical inactivity was associated with obesity, diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome.
Toward ‘Generous Love’: Recent Anglican Approaches to World Religions
Authors: Quinn Frederick 
Published: September 2012

AbstractHow should Anglicans regard other religions? The approaches of a number of Anglican writers considered in this article are valuable, both to Anglicans and to others, beginning with F.D. Maurice in the late nineteenth century. Others include Kenneth Cragg, an Arabist and Evangelical; Alan Race, author of the Exclusivist, Inclusivist, and Pluralist paradigm; Kwok Pui-Lan, a contemporary Asian feminist; Ian S. Markham, who proposes a ‘Theology of Engagement’; Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Canterbury and an important writer on the theology of Raimon Panikkar; David F. Ford, proponent of the Cambridge Scriptural Reasoning (SR) program that seeks ‘better quality disagreement’; and Keith Ward, whose systematic theology develops a concept of ‘convergent spirituality’. Moving from the theoretical to the practical, the article discusses the global United Religions Initiative of William E. Swing, former Episcopal Bishop of California. Collectively, these authors provide a range of intersecting Anglican approaches to the evolving question of Anglican relations with other world religions.
A 60 GHz eight-element phased-array receiver front-end in 0.25 µm SiGe BiCMOS technology
Authors: Elkhouly Mohamed , Choi Chang-Soon , Glisic Srdjan , Ellinger Frank , Scheytt J. Christoph 
Published: September 2012

This paper presents the design of an eight-element 60 GHz phased-array receiver chip with interference mitigation capability, fabricated in 0.25 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. Each receiver element contains a low noise amplifier (LNA) and a vector-modulator that supports high-resolution amplitude and phase control. A fully differential power combining network follows the eight elements. The chip also includes an active power divider, a down conversion mixer, and fully integrated 48 GHz PLL to demonstrate the IF down-conversion. With LNA, a phase shifter and hybrid active and passive power combining network, each receiver path achieves 18 dB of gain, 360° phase shift in steps less than 3°, 20 dB amplitude control, and 4 GHz 3 dB-bandwidth and input referred 1 dB compression point P1 dB of each element is of −22 dBm. Each receiver element dissipates in total 132 mW. The phased-array receiver shows more than 25 dB of signal to interference noise ratio, by means of amplitude and phase control.
Predicting and dissecting high-order molecular complexity by information-driven biomolecular docking.
Authors: Kastritis P. L. , Bonvin A. M. J. J. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

This chapter describes the successful application of the HADDOCK - high-ambiguity-driven biomolecular docking - program in the evaluation of protein-small ligand docking, which is currently being used for discovering new antimicrobial agents. Key fundamental concepts relevant to data-driven biomolecular docking, both theoretical and technical, are discussed.
Response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in elderly patients (≥70 years) and octogenarians
Authors: Verbrugge Frederik H. , Dupont Matthias , de Vusser Philippe , Rivero‐Ayerza Maximo , Van Herendael Hugo , Vercammen Jan , Jacobs Linda , Verhaert David , Vandervoort Pieter , Tang W.H. Wilson , Mullens Wilfried 
Published: September 2012

AimsCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) leads to reverse ventricular remodelling, improved functional capacity, and better clinical outcome in patients with advanced chronic heart failure, reduced ejection fraction, and evidence of ventricular conduction delay, who are under optimal medical therapy. This study investigated whether these benefits can be extrapolated to older patients, typically not included in randomized clinical trials.Methods and resultsConsecutive patients who received a CRT device between October 2008 and June 2011, including optimization afterwards in a dedicated clinic, were stratified into 3 pre‐specified groups, according to age: <70 years (n = 76); 70–79 years (n = 95); and ≥80 years (n = 49). Left ventricular remodelling, functional capacity, heart failure hospitalization, and mortality data were assessed during follow‐up. Reverse left ventricular remodelling and improvement in New York Heart Association functional class were similar in all groups at 6 months after implantation. During mean follow‐up of 20 months, 32 patients died and 66 were admitted for heart failure. Annualized mortality rates were significantly higher in elderly patients (6% vs. 8% vs. 15% in all groups, respectively; P < 0.001), but time to death or first heart failure admission was similar among age groups (P = 0.531). Progressive pump failure was the major cause of death (50%), with co‐morbidity‐related deaths also being frequent (41%).ConclusionReverse left ventricular remodelling and functional capacity improvement after CRT are sustained at advanced age. Moreover, time to all‐cause mortality or heart failure admission was similar, irrespective of age, in a context of maximized optimization including optimal medical therapy.
When Did Decapods Invade Hydrothermal Vents? Clues from the Western Pacific and Indian Oceans
Authors: Yang Jin-Shu , Lu Bo , Chen Dian-Fu , Yu Yan-Qin , Yang Fan , Nagasawa Hiromichi , Tsuchida Shinji , Fujiwara Yoshihiro , Yang Wei-Jun 
Published: September 2012

AbstractHydrothermal vents are typically located in midocean ridges and back-arc basins and are usually generated by the movement of tectonic plates. Life thrives in these environments despite the extreme conditions. In addition to chemoautotrophic bacteria, decapod crustaceans are dominant in many of the hydrothermal vents discovered to date. Contrary to the hypothesis that these species are remnants of relic fauna, increasing evidence supports the notion that hydrothermal vent decapods have diversified in more recent times with previous research attributing the origin of alvinocarid shrimps to the Miocene. This study investigated seven representative decapod species from four hydrothermal vents throughout the Western Pacific and Indian Oceans. A partitioned mix-model phylogenomic analysis of mitochondrial DNA produced a consistent phylogenetic topology of these vent-endemic species. Additionally, molecular dating analysis calibrated using multiple fossils suggested that both bythograeid crabs and alvinocarid shrimps originated in the late Mesozoic and early Cenozoic. Although of limited sampling, our estimates support the extinction/repopulation hypothesis, which postulates recent diversification times for most hydrothermal vent species due to their mass extinction by global deep-water anoxic/dysoxic events during the Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary. The continental-derived property of the West Pacific province is compatible with the possibility that vent decapods diversified from ancestors from shallow-water regions such as cold seeps. Our results move us a step closer toward understanding the evolutionary origin of hydrothermal vent species and their distribution in the Western Pacific–Indian Ocean Region.
ACUTE MACULAR NEURORETINOPATHY
Authors: Lalezary Maziar , Schoenberger Scott D. , Cherney Edward , Agarwal Anita 
Published: September 2012

Purpose:
The purpose of this report is to describe extensive acute macular neuroretinopathy lesions with atypical features.

Methods:
Retrospective case report.

Results:
A patient developed acute macular neuroretinopathy in the setting of multiple previously described associations including a flu-like illness, sympathomimetic exposure, overdose of norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and hypotensive shock. The fundus lesions superficially resembled retinal hemorrhages in color and fluorescein angiography pattern. The lesions could be detected on autofluorescence and infrared imaging. Optical coherence tomography revealed outer plexiform layer opacification and photoreceptor abnormalities.

Conclusion:
This case suggests a compounding effect of factors associated with acute macular neuroretinopathy, possible exacerbating insults and outer plexiform layer abnormalities that may correlate with the temporal course of this condition.
Allelic Variation in Paralogs of GDP-l-Galactose Phosphorylase Is a Major Determinant of Vitamin C Concentrations in Apple Fruit
Authors: Mellidou Ifigeneia , Chagné David , Laing William A. , Keulemans Johan , Davey Mark W. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
To identify the genetic factors underlying the regulation of fruit vitamin C (l-ascorbic acid [AsA]) concentrations, quantitative trait loci (QTL) studies were carried out in an F1 progeny derived from a cross between the apple (Malus × domestica) cultivars Telamon and Braeburn over three years. QTL were identified for AsA, glutathione, total antioxidant activity in both flesh and skin tissues, and various quality traits, including flesh browning. Four regions on chromosomes 10, 11, 16, and 17 contained stable fruit AsA-QTL clusters. Mapping of AsA metabolic genes identified colocations between orthologs of GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and nucleobase-ascorbate transporter within these QTL clusters. Of particular interest are the three paralogs of MdGGP, which all colocated within AsA-QTL clusters. Allelic variants of MdGGP1 and MdGGP3 derived from the cultivar Braeburn parent were also consistently associated with higher fruit total AsA concentrations both within the mapping population (up to 10-fold) and across a range of commercial apple germplasm (up to 6-fold). Striking differences in the expression of the cv Braeburn MdGGP1 allele between fruit from high- and low-AsA genotypes clearly indicate a key role for MdGGP1 in the regulation of fruit AsA concentrations, and this MdGGP allele-specific single-nucleotide polymorphism marker represents an excellent candidate for directed breeding for enhanced fruit AsA concentrations. Interestingly, colocations were also found between MdDHAR3-3 and a stable QTL for browning in the cv Telamon parent, highlighting links between the redox status of the AsA pool and susceptibility to flesh browning.
Cognitive decline in elderly bipolar disorder patients: a follow‐up study
Authors: Schouws Sigfried NTM , Stek Max L , Comijs Hannie C , Dols Annemieke , Beekman Aartjan TF 
Published: September 2012

Schouws SNTM, Stek ML, Comijs HC, Dols A, Beekman ATF. Cognitive decline in elderly bipolar disorder patients: a follow‐up study. Bipolar Disord 2012: 14: 749–755. © 2012 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objective:  Older individuals with bipolar disorder may exhibit greater cognitive decline over time compared to mentally healthy elderly individuals. We aimed to investigate neurocognitive performance in bipolar disorder over a period of two years.Methods:  A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was applied at baseline and two years later to 65 euthymic elderly outpatients with bipolar disorder (mean age = 68.35, range: 60–90 years) and to a demographically comparable sample of 42 healthy elderly controls. A general linear model was used to measure changes over time for the two groups. The impact of baseline illness characteristics on intra‐individual change in neurocognitive performance within the bipolar group was studied by using logistic regression analysis.Results:  At baseline and at follow up, bipolar disorder patients performed worse on all neurocognitive measures compared to the healthy elderly group. However, there was no significant group‐by‐time interaction between the bipolar disorder patients and the comparison group.Conclusions:  Although older bipolar disorder patients have worse cognitive function than normal controls, they did not have greater cognitive decline over a period of two years.
Risk factors related to lifetime suicide attempts in acutely admitted bipolar disorder inpatients
Authors: Finseth Per I , Morken Gunnar , Andreassen Ole A , Malt Ulrik F , Vaaler Arne E 
Published: September 2012

Finseth PI, Morken G, Andreassen OA, Malt UF, Vaaler AE. Risk factors related to lifetime suicide attempts in acutely admitted bipolar disorder inpatients.  Bipolar Disord 2012: 14: 727–734. © 2012 The Authors.  Journal compilation © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objective:  The main aim of this study was to assess possible clinical characteristics of acutely admitted bipolar I disorder (BD‐I) and bipolar II disorder (BD‐II) inpatients at high risk of suicide by comparing patients who had made one or several serious suicide attempts with patients who had not.Methods:  A total of 206 consecutive patients (mean age 42 ± 15 years; 54.9% women) with DSM–IV diagnosed BD‐I (n = 140) and BD‐II (n = 66) acutely admitted to a single psychiatric hospital department from November 2002 through June 2009 were included. Using a detailed retrospective questionnaire, patients with a history of a serious suicide attempt were compared to those with no history of a suicide attempt.Results:  Ninety‐three patients (45.1%) had a history of one or more serious suicide attempts. These constituted 60 (42.9%) of the BD‐I patients and 33 (50%) of the BD‐II patients (no significant difference). Lifetime suicide attempt was associated with a higher number of hospitalizations due to depression (p < 0.0001), antidepressant (AD)‐induced hypomania/mania (p = 0.033), AD‐ and/or alcohol‐induced affective episodes (p = 0.009), alcohol and/or substance use (p = 0.002), and a family history of alcohol abuse and/or affective disorder (p = 0.01). Suicide attempt was negatively associated with a higher Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS) Positive Subscale score (p = 0.022) and more hospitalizations due to mania (p = 0.006).Conclusions:  The lifetime suicide attempt rate in BD inpatients is high. Risk factors of suicide attempts were: (i) a predominant depressive course of illness, (ii) comorbid alcohol and substance use disorders, and (iii) a history of AD‐ and/or alcohol‐induced affective episodes. Risk‐reducing factors were a preponderant manic or psychotic course of the illness. These risk factors may be signs of a clinical subgroup at risk of suicidal behaviour, and seem to be important for suicide risk assessment in acutely admitted BD patients.
The immunophenotype of T‐lymphoblastic lymphoma in children and adolescents: a Children's Oncology Group report
Authors: Patel Jay L. , Smith Lynette M. , Anderson James , Abromowitch Minnie , Campana Dario , Jacobsen Jeffrey , Lones Mark A. , Gross Thomas G. , Cairo Mitchell S. , Perkins Sherrie L. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryT‐lymphoblastic leukaemia (T‐ALL) and T‐lymphoblastic lymphoma (T‐LBL) are neoplasms derived from immature lymphoid cells of T‐cell lineage. These neoplasms are biologically similar, but significant differences may exist between the two given their clinical differences. Although ample data regarding the immunophenotypic characterization T‐ALL are available, there is a paucity of such data in children and adolescents with T‐LBL. We used flow cytometry and/or immunohistochemistry to characterize the immunophenotypic profile of 180 children and adolescents with newly diagnosed T‐LBL enrolled in the Children's Oncology Group 5971 study. Multiple T‐cell, B‐cell, myeloid, and other markers were evaluated. We identified diagnostically useful immunophenotypic features of T‐LBL as well as distinct immunophenotypic subgroups, although none of these was statistically related to event‐free or overall survival in this retrospective analysis. Further studies of biologically and immunophenotypically distinct subgroups of T‐LBL, such as the early T‐cell precursor phenotype, are warranted.