bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NITRILASE1 regulates the exit from proliferation, genome stability and plant development
Authors: Doskočilová Anna , Kohoutová Lucie , Volc Jindřich , Kourová Hana , Benada Oldřich , Chumová Jana , Plíhal Ondřej , Petrovská Beáta , Halada Petr , Bögre László , Binarová Pavla 
Published: February 2013

Summary

Nitrilases are highly conserved proteins with catabolic activity but much less understood functions in cell division and apoptosis. To elucidate the biological functions of Arabidopsis NITRILASE1, we characterized its molecular forms, cellular localization and involvement in cell proliferation and plant development.

We performed biochemical and mass spectrometry analyses of NITRILASE1 complexes, electron microscopy of nitrilase polymers, imaging of developmental and cellular distribution, silencing and overexpression of nitrilases to study their functions.

We found that NITRILASE1 has an intrinsic ability to form filaments. GFP‐NITRILASE1 was abundant in proliferating cells, distributed in cytoplasm, in the perinuclear area and associated with microtubules. As cells exited proliferation and entered differentiation, GFP‐NITRILASE1 became predominantly nuclear. Nitrilase silencing dose‐dependently compromised plant growth, led to loss of tissue organization and sustained proliferation. Cytokinesis was frequently aborted, leading to enlarged polyploid cells. In reverse, independently transformed cell lines overexpressing GFP‐NITRILASE1 showed slow growth and increased rate of programmed cell death.

Altogether, our data suggest that NITRILASE1 homologues regulate the exit from cell cycle and entry into differentiation and simultaneously are required for cytokinesis. These functions are essential to maintain normal ploidy, genome stability and tissue organization.
Benefit to Decrease Esophageal Damage using an Ablation Catheter with Increased Irrigation Channels for Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: SATO DAISUKE , TERAMOTO KUNIHIRO , KITAJIMA HIROKI , NISHINA NAOTO , KIDA YOSHITOMI , MANI HIROKI , ESATO MASAHIRO , CHUN YEONG‐HWA 
Published: February 2013

IntroductionAn ablation catheter has been developed with six additional irrigation channels at the proximal end of the ablating electrode. We investigated the potential improvement of esophageal damage when the number of irrigation channels of the ablation catheter was increased during pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).MethodsThis study included a total of 296 consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation. One hundred forty‐eight patients were randomly assigned to receive PVI using an ablation catheter with six distal irrigation channels (6C) and 148 patients to receive PVI using an ablation catheter with 12 distal irrigation channels (12C). The luminal esophageal temperature (LET) was monitored in all patients.ResultsA total of 639 radiofrequency energy applications (in 225 out of 296 patients) reached the cut‐off temperature. The time for the LET to reach the cut‐off temperature was shorter for the 6C than the 12C group, and the 6C group had a higher T max of the LET than the 12C group. Some patients experienced a transient drop in the LET (TDLET) just before the delivery of the energy. The site that caused a TDLET before the energy delivery always reached the cut‐off temperature. TDLET was more frequent in the 6C group than in the 12C group.ConclusionsThe LET only showed a small difference between the 6C and 12C groups. In contrast, there may be a lower risk of esophageal injury with the 6C than the 12C if we use TDLET.
Comparison of Electroanatomical Mapping Systems: Accuracy in Left Atrial Mapping
Authors: HEIST E. KEVIN , PERNA FRANCESCO , CHALHOUB FADI , DANIK STEPHAN , BARRETT CONOR , HOUGHTALING CHRISTOPHER , TONDO CLAUDIO , MAHAPATRA SRIJOY , RUSKIN JEREMY , MANSOUR MOUSSA 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundCurrent 3D mapping systems have difficulty rendering complex cardiac structures. Different electroanatomical mapping software has been recently developed which uses a mathematical algorithm to improve interpolation between mapped points and delineation of closely spaced structures. This study tested the feasibility and accuracy of this software in comparison to traditional software.MethodsIn vivo 3D impedance‐based mapping using a multielectrode catheter with a single geometry point cloud was performed in the left atria and pulmonary veins (PV) in 23 patients undergoing catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. The maps were analyzed with traditional (NavX, St. Jude Medical, Minnetonka, MN, USA), either with or without multichamber mapping versus St. Jude OneModel™ software and dimensions of cardiac chambers in human studies were compared to preprocedural computed tomographic (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) scans to determine the relative accuracy of the maps.ResultsMaps created by the OneModel software provided greater detail of complex cardiac structures compared to traditional software. Comparison of the left atrial/pulmonary vein electroanatomical maps with the CT and MR scans as reference standard demonstrated significantly less error in measurement of all PV ostial long‐ and short‐axis dimensions, inter‐PV distance, and ridge width (left PV to left atrial appendage) with the OneModel versus traditional software (P < 0.001 for all dimensions measured).ConclusionsThe OneModel software produces maps that are more accurate in rendering complex cardiac structures compared to traditional software.
The Particularities of Legitimacy: John Simmons on Political Obligation
Authors: Walton Kevin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this paper, I examine the terms on which John Simmons rejects all arguments for a moral obligation to obey the law and so defends “philosophical anarchism.” Although I accept his rejection of several criteria on which others might and often do insist, I criticize his reliance on the conditions of “generality” and “particularity.” In doing so, I propose an alternative to his influential conception of legitimacy.
When Is a Regime Not a Legal System? Alexy on Moral Correctness and Social Efficacy
Authors: McIlroy David H. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractRobert Alexy defines law as including a claim to moral correctness and demonstrating social efficacy. This paper argues that law's social efficacy is not merely an observable fact but is undergirded by moral commitments by rulers that it is possible for their subjects to follow the rules, that the rulers and others will also follow the rules, that subjects will be protected from violence if they act in accordance with the rules, and that subjects will be entitled to legal redress if others act violently towards them otherwise than in accordance with the rules. Alexy is correct in his conclusion that a system of norms that is not by and large socially efficacious is not a valid legal system, but wrong insofar as he follows legal positivism in distinguishing this aspect of law's validity from law's claim to moral correctness.
Hans Kelsen's Concept of Normative Imputation
Authors: Langford Peter , Bryan Ian 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article compares and contrasts Hans Kelsen's concept of normative imputation, in the Lecture Course of 1926, with the concepts of peripheral and central imputation, in The Pure Theory of Law of 1934. In this process, a wider and more significant distinction is revealed within the development of Hans Kelsen's theory of positive law. This distinction represents a shift in Kelsen's philosophical allegiance from the Neo‐Kantianism of Windelband to that of Cohen. This, in turn, reflects a broader disengagement of The Pure Theory of Law from the more direct connection with a political project of a civitas maxima envisaged by the Lecture Course.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm aggravates skin inflammatory response in BALB/c mice in a novel chronic wound model
Authors: Trøstrup Hannah , Thomsen Kim , Christophersen Lars J. , Hougen Hans P. , Bjarnsholt Thomas , Jensen Peter Ø. , Kirkby Nikolai , Calum Henrik , Høiby Niels , Moser Claus 
Published: February 2013

AbstractChronic wounds are presumed to persist in the inflammatory state, preventing healing. Emerging evidence indicates a clinical impact of bacterial biofilms in soft tissues, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) biofilms. To further investigate this, we developed a chronic PA biofilm wound infection model in C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice. The chronic wound was established by an injection of seaweed alginate‐embedded P. aeruginosa PAO1 beneath a third‐degree thermal lesion providing full thickness skin necrosis, as in human chronic wounds. Cultures revealed growth of PA, and both alginate with or without PAO1 generated a polymorphonuclear‐dominated inflammation early after infection. However, both at days 4 and 7, there were a more acute polymorphonuclear‐dominated and higher degree of inflammation in the PAO1 containing group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, PNA‐FISH and supplemented DAPI staining showed bacteria organized in clusters, resembling biofilms, and inflammation located adjacent to the PA. The chronic wound infection showed a higher number of PAO1 in the BALB/c mice at day 4 after infection as compared to C3H/HeN mice (p < 0.006). In addition, a higher concentration of interleukin‐1beta in the chronic wounds of BALB/c mice was observed at day 7 (p < 0.02), despite a similar number of bacteria in the two mouse strains. The present study succeeded in establishing a chronic PA biofilm infection in mice. The results showed an aggravating impact of local inflammation induced by PA biofilms. In conclusion, our findings indicate that improved infection control of chronic wounds reduces the inflammatory response and may improve healing.
The effects of platelet gel–released supernatant on human fibroblasts
Authors: Giusti Ilaria , Rughetti Anna , D'Ascenzo Sandra , Di Stefano Gabriella , Nanni Maria Rita , Millimaggi Danilo , Dell'Orso Luigi , Dolo Vincenza 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn recent years, interest in the topical use of platelet gel (PG) to stimulate wound healing has rapidly extended into various clinical applications and specialized fields. Many recent in vitro and in vivo studies have attempted to explain the biological mechanisms involved in PG‐induced tissue regeneration/reparation. However, it remains unclear which parameters should be used in clinical applications to obtain satisfactory results in the healing of wounds. Toward this end, the present study focused on understanding the relationship between platelet concentrations and the cellular parameters of the cell types, i.e., fibroblasts, involved in wound healing. Normal human dermal fibroblasts were treated with PG‐released supernatant at various concentrations in different assays (proliferation, migration, invasion, and in vitro scratch wound closure) to identify the most effective concentration to promote the fibroblasts' activities. Different concentrations of platelets per microliter in PG have different levels of efficacy in inducing fibroblast activity. The most effective concentration was obtained from PG at a concentration of approximately 0.5–1.5 × 106 plt/μL; higher concentrations were less effective. This study shows that excessively high concentrations of platelets per microliter have an inhibitory effect on the wound healing processes and are, therefore, counterproductive.
Accelerated PET water activation acquisition with signal separation methodology
Authors: Verhaeghe Jeroen , Reader Andrew J. 
Published: February 2013

Purpose:Positron emission tomography (PET) water activation studies can be considerably accelerated when the time between the successive water bolus injections is reduced. However, when considering shorter interinjection times, as short as 5 min, there will be a contaminating residual PET signal in brain tissues attributed to the previous injections. In this paper a signal separation methodology is proposed to allow shorter (<10 min) interinjection times.Methods:The contaminating signal in the frames of interest is estimated by extrapolating the decaying tail of the previous signal. The method requires the dynamic PET recording of the decaying signals between two injections in order to extrapolate the tail, which can be done post‐reconstruction using a weighted least squares method. Several extrapolation functions are investigated, including a quadratic function, a decaying exponential, and a biologically inspired function. The biologically inspired function is based on the one‐tissue compartmental model for [15O]H2O and makes use of a generating function estimated from the total trues coincidence rate. To evaluate the proposed method and extrapolation functions, one‐ and two‐dimensional simulation studies were performed, using interinjection times as low as 5 min. The resulting corrected images are compared to the conventionally obtained images with an interinjection time of 10 min, which allows the previous signal to almost completely vanish.Results:Among all considered extrapolation functions the biologically inspired function was found to give the best results. The bias introduced when considering shorter interinjection times (<10 min) could be almost completely removed by subtracting the extrapolated remaining activity from the total measured signal of interest. Compared to the standard method of using longer interinjection times the resulting images have a slightly increased variance. Nonetheless the observed increases are small compared to the total variance and the resulting activation maps were visually very similar.Conclusions:The simulation results show that the proposed method can significantly reduce the total scan time (e.g., when considering 12 bolus injections, the total scan time can be reduced from 2 to 1 h). Extensive and very realistic simulations were used in this work, paving the way for futurein vivo validation of the method.
Consumption of coffee associated with reduced risk of liver cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sang Li-Xuan , Chang Bing , Li Xiao-Hang , Jiang Min 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
Epidemiologic studies have reported inconsistent results regarding coffee consumption and the risk of liver cancer. We performed a meta-analysis of published case–control and cohort studies to investigate the association between coffee consumption and liver cancer.

Methods
We searched Medline, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science and the Cochrane library for studies published up to May 2012. We performed a meta-analysis of nine case–control studies and seven cohort studies.

Results
The summary odds ratio (OR) for high vs no/almost never drinkers was 0.50 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42–0.59), with no significant heterogeneity across studies (Q = 16.71; P = 0.337; I2 = 10.2%). The ORs were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.40–0.63) for case–control studies and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.38–0.62) for cohort studies. The OR was 0.38 (95% CI: 0.25–0.56) in males and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.33–1.10) in females. The OR was 0.45 (95% CI: 0.36–0.56) in Asian studies and 0.57 (95% CI: 0.44–0.75) in European studies. The OR was 0.39 (95% CI: 0.28–0.54) with no adjustment for a history of liver disease and 0.54 (95% CI: 0.46–0.66) after adjustment for a history of liver disease.

Conclusions
The results of this meta-analysis suggested an inverse association between coffee consumption and liver cancer. Because of the small number of studies, further prospective studies are needed.
Impact of antigen specificity on CD4+T cell activation in chronic HIV-1 infection
Authors: Smith Miranda Z , Bastidas Sonia , Karrer Urs , Oxenius Annette 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundHIV infection induces chronic immune activation which is associated with accelerated disease progression; the causes of this activation, however, are incompletely understood. We investigated the activation status of CD4+T cells specific for chronic herpes viruses and the non-persistent antigen tetanus toxoid (TT) in HIV positive and HIV negative donors to assess whether persistent infections contribute to chronic CD4+T cell activation.MethodsUntreated HIV+patients and healthy, aged matched controls were recruited and activation levels assessed and compared between cells specific for persistent and non-persistent antigens. Activation levels on antigen-specific CD4+T cells were measured by intracellular cytokine staining followingin vitrostimulation with various recall antigens (CMV, EBV, HSV, VZV and TT) in conjunction with cell surface phenotyping.ResultsActivation levels of herpes virus-specific CD4+T cell populations, assessed by co-expression of CD38 and HLA-DR, were significantly elevated in HIV+individuals compared to normal controls and compared to TT-specific responses. In contrast, we found similar levels of activation of TT-specific CD4+T cells in HIV+and HIV-donors.ConclusionsThese results show a disparate distribution of immune activation within CD4+T cell populations depending on their specificity and suggest that the elevated level of immune activation that characterizes chronic HIV infection may be influenced by the persistence of other antigens.
Enhanced band-edge photoluminescence from ZnO-passivated ZnO nanoflowers by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Ai Zhi Wei , Wu Yun , Wu Hao , Wang Ti , Chen Chao , Xu Yang , Liu Chang 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The ZnO nanoflowers were synthesized by reactive vapor deposition. A secondary nucleation in the stalk/leaves interface was suggested. The photoluminescence revealed that there were many oxygen vacancies in the nanoflowers. To tune the optical properties of ZnO nanoflowers, ZnO thin films with varying thicknesses were coated on the nanoflowers by atomic layer deposition, which can distinctly improve the band-edge photoluminescence properties.
Influence of the moisture content on the fracture characteristics of welded wood joint. Part 1: Mode I fracture
Authors: Rhême Martin , Botsis John , Cugnoni Joël , Navi Parviz 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Friction welding is a joining technique for wood materials. The positive aspects of this technique are the speed of processing and the absence of chemical or mechanical agents, but the welded joints are not water resistant. To understand better the effect of moisture on the fracture behavior of welded joints, their fracture characteristics have been investigated. The double cantilever beam specimens were tested, which permit to compute the mode I energy release rate of a welded joint. The results confirm the negative effect of moisture on the fracture properties of the joint. The data concerning the maximal tensile strength of the joining material were collected by uniaxial tests and implemented in a finite element model to establish a cohesive law, which describes the behavior of welded pieces in terms of moisture content.
La problématique du pouvoir dans Esther hébreu (tm) et Esther grec (lxx)
Authors: Vialle Catherine 
Published: February 2013

How and where is the problem of power played out in the two canonical forms of the book of Esther (mt and lxx)? That is the question to which this article seeks to respond. As far as the mt is concerned, four key points are given priority: Royal power, banquets as places where power is revealed, providence and, last but not least, the power of the reader. In the second part of the article the question of power in lxx Esther is approached through the special features of the Greek version. In line with this a close study is made of the effect of Mordecai’s dream and the two explicit interventions of God, which are found only in the lxx.
Comment et où se joue la problématique du pouvoir dans les deux formes canoniques du livre d’Esther (tm et lxx)? C’est la question à laquelle tente de répondre cet article. En ce qui concerne le tm, quatre angles d’approches sont privilégiés: le pouvoir royal, les banquets comme lieux révélateurs du pouvoir, la providence et enfin, le pouvoir, non négligeable, du lecteur. Dans une deuxième partie, la question du pouvoir dans Esther-lxx est abordée en fonction des particularités de la forme grecque. C’est ainsi que sont examinés l’impact du songe de Mardochée et des deux interventions explicites de Dieu, propres à Esther-lxx.
Wie und wo spiegelt sich die Problematik der Macht in den beiden kanonischen Formen des Estherbuches wider? Das ist die Frage, auf welche dieser Aufsatz eine Antwort sucht. Was den mt betrifft, stehen vier Eckpunkte im Vordergrund: Die königliche Macht, die Festmähler als Orte der Manifestation der Macht, die Vorsehung und, last not least, die Macht des Lesers. Im zweiten Teil wird auf die Frage der Macht in der lxx-Fassung, entsprechend deren Besonderheiten, eingegangen. Hier werden die Implikationen des Traums des Mordechai und der beiden Stellen, wo Gott in das Geschehen eingreift (jeweils Sondergut der Esther-lxx), untersucht.
Register und Textsorten in der Deutschen Gebärdensprache: Eine korpusbasierte Annäherung
Authors: Hansen Martje , Heßmann Jens 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The article starts off by explaining characteristics of the German deafcommunity and its signed language with reference to relevant historical andsocial factors as well as in relation to spoken and written German. Thestate of research in the field of sign language-related text linguistics issummarized and the problematic notion of text is discussed in general aswell as in relation to signed languages. The aims and methods of a projectfocussing on text types in German Sign Language (Deutsche Gebärdensprache,DGS), carried out at the University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg-Stendal, are presented. On the basis of data generated in this projectand taking so-called finger loci as an example, it is shown how text typesand registers in a signed language can tentatively be identified with referenceto the concept of linguistic distance (“Nähe- und Distanzsprache„,Koch/Oesterreicher 1990). In conclusion, the article looks at current trendsof development in signed text types.
Instrumental neutron activation analysis for the study of size-fractionated airborne particulate matter samples
Authors: Siddique Naila , Jawad M , Waheed Shahida 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In order to devise methodology to study various environmental matrices 28 pairs of coarse and fine air particulate samples were collected in the vicinity of an automotive workshop located at Tasmasipabad on Chaklala Road, Rawalpindi. The samples were collected using a Gent sampler and polycarbonate filters during the period 7 to 27 April 2009. These samples were analyzed using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) using the low power Pakistan Atomic Research Reactor-2 (PARR-2). Reference materials (RMs) IAEA-SL1 and IAEA-S7 were used for calibration and quality assurance (QA) purpose. The gravimetric data for these samples were found to exceed the PM2.5 and PM10 national limits. Up to 34 elements were measured using the INAA optimized procedure.
Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence and Fluorescence Lifetime Spatial Heterogeneity of Poly (2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) in Presence of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric Acid Methyl Ester
Authors: Geng Hongwei , Pan Shanlin , Hu Dehong 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTWe present electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) and fluorescence lifetime mapping of MEH-PPV/PCBM thin films. The ECL results show that the oxidation peak of MEH-PPV near 0.7 V (vs. SCE) and ECL response of films shifted positively towards 1.2 V in the presence of PCBM. At the same time, the oxidation current density of MEH-PPV increases along with the decrease of ECL intensity in the presence of PCBM. The fluorescence lifetime images clearly show that the lifetime spatial heterogeneities are affected by different substrates and MEH-PPV/PCBM ratios. Meanwhile, the lifetime of MEH-PPV decreases with the increasing of film thickness. The lifetimes of MEH-PPV films on TiO2 substrate are lower than films on glass.