bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migraine and Early-onset Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Niu Peng-Peng , Zhang Rui , Li Shuo , Li Yu-Sheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThrough the utilization of the data specifically related to early-onset ischemic stroke, we aimed to investigate the causal effects of migraine and its subtypes on the risk of early-onset ischemic stroke using the two-sample Mendelian randomization method.MethodsGenetic instrumental variables were acquired from two sources with the largest sample sizes available. Summary data for early-onset ischemic stroke was acquired from a study encompassing individuals aged 18 to 59 years, comprising 16,730 cases and 599,237 non-stroke controls. The random-effects inverse variance weighted method was used as the primary analysis approach.ResultsThe Mendelian randomization analysis revealed no association between overall migraine and migraine without aura with the risk of early-onset ischemic stroke. However, migraine with aura showed a suggestive association with an elevated risk of early-onset ischemic stroke, with odds ratios of 1.114 (95% confidence interval = 1.005 to 1.236, p-value = 0.040) and 1.062 (95% confidence interval = 1.002 to 1.126, p-value = 0.042) based on instruments from two independent sources. The odds ratio was 1.074 (95% confidence interval = 1.022 to 1.130, p-value = 0.005) based on instruments from both two sources. No evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was found. Furthermore, a positive genetic correlation was found between migraine with aura and early-onset ischemic stroke (genetic correlation = 0.208, 95% confidence interval = 0.038 to 0.377, p-value = 0.016). By contrast, migraine with aura was not related to ischemic stroke of all adults.ConclusionThis study provides evidence of a causal relationship between migraine with aura and the risk of early-onset ischemic stroke.
Decline in striatal binding ratio associated with accelerated decline in performance on Symbol Digit Modality but not MoCA in Parkinson’s disease psychosis
Authors: Pisani Sara , Velayudhan Latha , Aarsland Dag , Chaudhuri K. Ray , Ballard Clive , ffytche Dominic , Bhattacharyya Sagnik 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundCognitive deficits have been reported in Parkinson’s Disease psychosis (PDP). Reduced dopamine transporter (DAT) binding ratio has also been associated with PDP. However, it remains unclear whether DAT striatal binding ratio (SBR) may contribute to worsening cognitive performance in PDP. Here, we examined this using data from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative study.MethodsWe analysed data from 408 PD patients, from baseline to year 4 follow up, and classified patients into PD with (PDP) and without psychosis (PDnP). DAT SBR was available from DaTSCAN imaging with123I-FP-CIT-SPECT. We examined all cognitive measures assessed at each time point, socio-demographics, neuropsychiatric and PD-specific symptoms were entered as covariates of interest.ResultsPDP patients had lower DAT SBR compared to PDnP patients (b=-0.092,p=0.035) which remained significant after controlling for age, sex, and ethnicity. PDP patients also reported worse trajectory of task performance on MoCA (b=-0.238,p=0.001) and Symbol Digit Modality (b=-0.534,p=0.016) across four years compared to PDnP patients. Worsening of MoCA scores in PDP was independent of DAT SBR decline (interaction group * study years, b=-0.284,p=0.016; three-way interaction group*study years*DAT SBR, b=0.127,p=0.225). However, declining performance in Symbol Digit Modality was significantly associated with the decline in DAT SBR (three-way interaction group*study years*DAT SBR, b=0.683,p=0.028).ConclusionOverall, longitudinal decline in striatal presynaptic dopamine function may underlie the greater longitudinal decline in performance in the symbol digit modality task that engages processing speed, associative learning and working memory in PD psychosis, whilst declining performance on MoCA seems unrelated to it. Whether striatal presynaptic dopamine changes explain accelerated longitudinal decline in other cognitive domains in people with PDP remains to be tested.
Propranolol reduces Parkinson’s tremor and inhibits tremor-related activity in the motor cortex: a placebo-controlled crossover trial
Authors: van der Heide Anouk , Wessel Maaike , Papadopetraki Danae , Geurts Dirk E.M. , van Prooije Teije H. , Gommans Frank , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Dirkx Michiel F. , Helmich Rick C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveParkinson’s disease (PD) resting tremor is thought to be initiated in the basal ganglia and amplified in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit. Since stress worsens tremor, the noradrenergic system may play a role in amplifying tremor. We tested if and how propranolol, a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist, reduces PD tremor, and whether or not this effect is specific to stressful conditions.MethodsIn a cross-over, double-blind intervention study, participants with PD resting tremor received propranolol (40mg, single dose) or placebo (counter-balanced) on two different days. During both days, we assessed tremor severity (with accelerometry) and tremor-related brain activity (with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; fMRI), as well as heart rate and pupil diameter, while subjects performed a stressful cognitive load task that has been linked to the noradrenergic system. We tested for effects of drug (propranolol vs. placebo) and stress (cognitive load vs. rest) on tremor power and tremor-related brain activity.ResultsWe included 27 PD patients with clear resting tremor. Tremor power significantly increased during cognitive load vs. rest (F(1,19)=13.8;p=.001; ηp2=0.42) and decreased by propranolol vs. placebo (F(1,19)=6.4;p=.02; ηp2=0.25), but there was no interaction. We observed task-related brain activity in a stress-sensitive cognitive control network, and tremor power-related activity in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit. Propranolol significantly reduced tremor-related activity in the motor cortex compared to placebo (F(1,21)=5.3;p=.03; ηp2=0.20), irrespective of cognitive load.InterpretationOur findings indicate that the noradrenergic system has a general, context-independent role in amplifying PD tremor at the level of the primary motor cortex.
Distinct characteristics of lymphoid and myeloid clonal hematopoiesis in Word Trade Center first responders
Authors: Esai Selvan Myvizhi , Kuan Pei-Fen , Yang Xiaohua , Mascarenhas John , Klein Robert J. , Luft Benjamin J. , Boffetta Paolo , Gümüş Zeynep H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDClonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a condition when healthy individuals harbor clonal mutations in myeloid (M-CHIP) and/or lymphoid (L-CHIP) cells at variant allele fraction (VAF) ≥0.02. While CHIP is associated with an increased risk of hematologic malignancy and cardiovascular disease, its association with airborne carcinogens is largely unknown.OBJECTIVESHere, we studied M/L-CHIP in responders to the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC), who were exposed to a complex mix of airborne carcinogens. Then we explored the association of CHIP mutations with phenotypes such as age, ancestry, exposure, HLA zygosity, and other clinical, laboratory, mental and cognitive data. Finally, we compared CHIP prevalence in WTC responders to 293 unexposed controls.METHODSUsing banked peripheral blood and ultra-deep whole-exome sequencing at 250X, we characterized CHIP mutations and their interaction with clinical, mental and cognitive characteristics, exposure, peripheral blood counts, and HLA zygosity in 350 WTC responders. We used Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables; Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables; and logistic regression for multivariate analysis.RESULTSAmong WTC participants, M-CHIP prevalence was 16.2% and L-CHIP 21.4%. M-CHIP prevalence increased with age (p=0.02), was elevated in previous-smokers (p=0.01), and associated with lower platelet counts (p=0.03). The most frequently occurring genes for M-CHIP wereDNMT3A,TET2,PPM1Dand for L-CHIP wereEEF1A1,DDX11andKMT2D. Notably, harboring aDDX11mutation associated with a lower Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (p=6.57e-03). Overall, M/L-CHIP was more prevalent in WTC responders versus controls.DISCUSSIONStudy results will inform the development of personalized risk-adapted CHIP and cancer screening programs in individuals exposed to airborne carcinogens.
Inhibition of protein or glutamine biosynthesis affect the activation of the light stimulated SBiP1 chaperone by dephosphorylation in Symbiodiniaceae
Authors: Castillo-Medina Raúl Eduardo , Islas-Flores Tania , Morales-Ruiz Estefanía , Villanueva Marco A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhosphorylation/dephosphorylation is fundamental for transduction of external stimuli into physiological responses. In photosynthetic dinoflagellatesSymbiodinium microadriaticumCassKB8, Thr-phosphorylated SBiP1 under dark conditions, is activated through dephosphorylation upon light stimuli. We evaluated the effect of protein synthesis inhibitors on light modulated Thr phosphorylation of SBiP1. Inhibition of cytoplasmic protein synthesis by cycloheximide but not of chloroplastic protein synthesis by chloramphenicol, promoted inactivation via Thr re-phosphorylation of the protein under the light. Additionally, inhibition of glutamine synthetase by glufosinate produced a delay in the light induced activation by dephosphorylation of the chaperone. Heat shock reverted the effect in cycloheximide-treated cells suggesting that heat stress overrides the cycloheximide-induced inactivation to restore chaperone activity. These results suggest that light and stress are critical switches of SBiP1 chaperone activity that function along with common pathways of protein synthesis and ammonia assimilation, and further confirm that the light induced SBiP1 Thr dephosphorylation is independent of photosynthesis.
Spin-orbit coupling effects in single-layer phosphorene
Authors: Peralta Mayra , Freire Dennis A. , González-Hernández Rafael , Mireles Francisco 
Published: August 2024

The electronic band structure of monolayer phosphorene is thoroughly studied by considering the presence of spin-orbit interaction. We employ a multiorbital Slater-Koster tight-binding approach to derive effective k·p-type Hamiltonians that describes the dominant spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effects of the Rashba and intrinsic origin at the high Γ and S high symmetry points in phosphorene. In the absence of SOC effects a minimal admixture of pz and py atomic orbitals suffices to reproduce the well-known anisotropy of highest valence and the lowest conduction bands at the Γ point, consistent with density functional theory (DFT) and k·p methods. In contrast, the inclusion of the px and s atomic orbitals are rather crucial for an adequate description of the SOC effects in phosphorene at low energies, particularly at the S point. We introduce useful analytical expressions for the Rashba and intrinsic SOC parameters in terms of the relevant Slater-Koster integrals. In addition, we report simple formulas for the interband dipole strengths, revealing the nature of the strong anisotropic behavior of its lower bands. Our findings can be useful for further studies of electronic and spin transport properties in monolayer phosphorene and its nanoribbons.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Kaon mixing beyond the standard model with physical masses
Authors: Boyle P. A. , Erben F. , Flynn J. M. , Garron N. , Kettle J. , Mukherjee R. , Tsang J. T. ,   RBC and UKQCD Collaborations
Published: August 2024

We present nonperturbative results for beyond the standard model kaon mixing matrix elements in the isospin symmetric limit (mu=md) of QCD, including a complete estimate of all dominant sources of systematic error. Our results are obtained from numerical simulations of lattice QCD with Nf=2+1 flavors of dynamical domain wall fermions. For the first time, these quantities are simulated directly at the physical pion mass mπ∼139  MeV for two different lattice spacings. We include data at three lattice spacings in the range a=0.11–0.07  fm and with pion masses ranging from the physical value up to 450 MeV. Compared to our earlier work, we have added both direct calculations at physical quark masses and a third lattice spacing making the removal of discretization effects significantly more precise and eliminating the need for any significant mass extrapolation beyond the range of simulated data. We renormalize the lattice operators nonperturbatively using RI-SMOM off-shell schemes. These schemes eliminate the need to model and subtract nonperturbative pion poles that arises in the RI-MOM scheme and, since the calculations are performed with domain wall fermions, the unphysical mixing between chirality sectors is suppressed. Our results for the bag parameters in the MS¯ scheme at 3 GeV are BK≡B1=0.5240(17)(54), B2=0.4794(25)(35), B3=0.746(13)(17), B4=0.897(02)(10) and B5=0.6882(78)(94), where the first error is from lattice uncertainties and the second is the uncertainty due to the perturbative matching to MS¯.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Calculation of the total 10th order QED contribution to the electron magnetic moment
Authors: Volkov Sergey 
Published: August 2024

The total 5-loop quantum electrodynamics universal contribution to the anomalous magnetic moments of the leptons was calculated by the author. The obtained value A1(10)=5.891(61) provides the first complete verification of the previously known value obtained by T. Aoyama, M. Hayakawa, T. Kinoshita, and M. Nio (AHKN). The discrepancy is 5σ. The computation includes the recalculation of the part that the author calculated in 2019 using a slightly different method and the calculation of the remaining part of the coefficient. A comparison with the AHKN values in 32 gauge-invariant classes is provided. In addition, the results are divided into 95 small gauge-invariant classes that subdivide the former ones. Such a detailization is provided for the first time. The method described in previous works of the author was used, in general. However, the Monte Carlo integration method is new and is described in detail. Some useful technical information and information on numerical cancellations is also given.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Optomechanical dark matter instrument for direct detection
Authors: Baker Christopher G. , Bowen Warwick P. , Cox Peter , Dolan Matthew J. , Goryachev Maxim , Harris Glen 
Published: August 2024

We propose the Optomechanical Dark-matter Instrument (ODIN), based on a new method for the direct detection of low-mass dark matter. We consider dark matter interacting with superfluid helium in an optomechanical cavity. Using an effective field theory, we calculate the rate at which dark matter scatters off phonons in a highly populated, driven acoustic mode of the cavity. This scattering process deposits a phonon into a second acoustic mode in its ground state. The deposited phonon (μeV range) is then converted to a photon (eV range) via an optomechanical interaction with a pump laser. This photon can be efficiently detected, providing a means to sensitively probe keV scale dark matter. We provide realistic estimates of the backgrounds and discuss the technical challenges associated with such an experiment. We calculate projected limits on dark matter–nucleon interactions for dark matter masses ranging from 0.5 to 300 keV and estimate that a future device could probe cross sections as low as O(10−32)  cm2.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
The relationship between electronic word-of-mouth, customer loyalty and resistance to innovation
Authors: Sun Yang , Ding Wenmei , Wang Xuhui , Ren Xiaoxue , Purwanegara Mustika Sufiati 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThe study aims to construct a model that illustrates the relationship between receiving and sharing negative electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM), consumer resistance to innovation (CRI), and customer loyalty.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing questionnaire surveys and regression model analysis, this study examines the case of smartphones to explore the impact of customer loyalty and CRI on the spread of negative e-WOM.FindingsThe results show that when consumers receive negative e-WOM, it increases their resistance to innovation, consequently raising the probability of them sharing this negative feedback. However, strong customer loyalty mitigates this interaction. Interestingly, customer loyalty increases the likelihood of consumers sharing negative e-WOM upon receiving it. This suggests that loyal consumers tend to be more inclined to share information, regardless of its positivity or negativity.Originality/valueThe paper contributes by examining the mechanisms linking the receipt and dissemination of e-WOM, CRI, and customer loyalty, along with the moderating impact of customer loyalty.
Comparative analysis of urban and rural housing reconstruction post 9.21 Chi-Chi and 5.12 Wenchuan earthquakes: complexity, challenges and policy exploration
Authors: Li Qiushan , Umaier Kabilijiang , Chen Yun , Koide Osamu 
Published: August 2024

PurposeDue to significant differences between urban and rural areas in terms of geographical environment, building scale, resident culture, social organization and other aspects, the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction models for both exhibit substantial variation. This study identifies critical strategic issues that must be addressed in housing reconstruction in the context of different social structures of urban–rural “integration” and urban–rural “dualization” to achieve the goal of “building back better” in the future.Design/methodology/approachBy taking the experience of the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake and the Taiwan 9.21 earthquake as a reference, this study provides a thematic analysis and systematic summary of the entire process of post-disaster housing reconstruction.FindingsA successful housing reconstruction process should actively engage disaster-affected populations through participatory institutional design. Providing a diverse housing reconstruction model can coordinate the interests of the government, the market and affected individuals, promoting harmony of residential, productive and ecological functions. However, it can also lead to the division of existing communities.Research limitations/implicationsThis research relies on existing literature, government publications, academic studies and news reports, which may carry inherent biases or omissions. Future research can benefit from conducting more extensive and long-term post-reconstruction surveys to assess the sustained impact of recovery efforts while also considering additional data sources to ensure comprehensive and unbiased analyses.Practical implicationsWith the support of post-disaster reconstruction policies, diverse changes in land use can lead to urban and rural spatial pattern reform and sustainable regional development, providing a reference for formulating optimal strategies.Social implicationsThis study carries significant societal implications by addressing critical strategic issues in housing reconstruction within varying urban–rural social structures. It highlights the importance of engaging affected populations through participatory design and harmonizing government, market and individual interests. The research introduces strategies for activating rural construction land quotas and creating new funding sources, promoting sustainable regional development. Its findings contribute to post-disaster reconstruction models, offering valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, ultimately leading to more effective and inclusive recovery efforts and benefiting disaster-prone areas worldwide.Originality/valueThis research primarily investigates the market circulation patterns of urban and rural land under different social structures, delves into the strategies for sources of housing reconstruction funding, along with an assessment of their effectiveness.
Exploring South Africa’s capacity to criminalise illicit enrichment
Authors: McIntyre Jacqui-Lyn , Aslett Duane , Buitendag Nico 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
Illicit enrichment refers to the unjustified increase in the assets of a public official. Criminalisation of illicit enrichment is required under Article 20 of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption, and as a State Party, South Africa is thus expected to deal effectively with illicit enrichment as an offence. This paper aims to address different approaches of various jurisdictions to deal with illicit enrichment and discusses the elements of the crime, drawing on a South African perspective, to determine how illicit enrichment can be criminalised in South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach
The research methodology used was a critical analysis of the definition and elements of the crime, as well as the global action taken to implement this offence. A comparative analysis was used to compare international frameworks with those of South Africa to conclude on the practicality and challenges of introducing the offence of illicit enrichment.

Findings
It was found that an element of the crime, in particular the lack of justification, has been a primary point of criticism, as it is claimed that illicit enrichment laws reverse the burden of proof when an accused is required to prove the legitimacy of his or her assets. However, this issue is not insurmountable in the South African context, and the paper concludes that the criminalisation of illicit enrichment is possible, as South Africa possesses the necessary legislation and case law to support such measure.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the scholarly research on criminalising illicit enrichment in South Africa.
Organizational value streams as multiteam systems: an ethnographic case study
Authors: Cremers Erik Eduard , Curșeu Petru Lucian 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the integration challenges during the early stages of implementation of value streams as team aggregation structures as a novel organizational construct in a modern organization.Design/methodology/approachWe use an immersive ethnographic approach to follow the transition to value streams as team aggregation structures in a large organization during the first three years of implementation. We integrate systematic observations with interviews to get insights into the dynamics of change and the most important challenges faced by the organization during this transition.FindingsWe integrate systematic observations collected during the organizational change with insights from interviews carried out with managers to provide tentative answers to some key questions related to the implementation of multiteam systems. We reflect on their performance, entitativity, autonomy as well as on the satisfaction of their members.Practical implicationsWe discuss some of the most important managerial challenges during the transition to value streams as novel organizational constructs and we derive some actionable insights for team and value stream managers leading such change processes.Originality/valueOur study provides a rich account of the first stages of implementing an organizational design that brings together different teams in organizational structures that are focused on the value provided to customers.