bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social policy and law regarding education and equal social integration of persons with disabilities: model and lessons learned
Authors: Cheausuwantavee Tavee 
Published: November 2014

Background: Little is known about the overview of legal essences and their enforcement regarding educational provisions for persons with disabilities (PWDs) in Thailand.Objectives: It aims to 1) comprehensively review, establish and launch model regarding reformation of policy and law, 2) identify results of law enforcement as a past decade, present as a lesson learned on educational provisions for PWDs through consciousness raising of stakeholders.Methods: This research is participation action research (PAR) and content analysis. As PAR, the two research sites with 13 and 15 participants as private and public education centres for PWDs respectively were voluntarily and purposively selected. Those participants included teachers, administrators, parents of PWDs. As content analysis, the results of two previous research projects were collected. Those data were analyzed by interpretation and analytic induction.Findings: Even the rights of PWDs were more concerned by society than the past decade, but educational provisions for PWDs have still challenged and should be mainly promoted on 1) positive attitudes toward PWDs, 2) particular skills and knowledge of teachers as IEP, inclusive education and transition services 3) reasonable accommodation and assistive technologies, 4) human resource development. As PAR, inclusive education was mainly concerned by participants. It reflected what participants coped with and how they solved comprehensively.Discussion: Problems and ineffective law enforcement on educational provisions for PWDs in Thailand existing like previous studies in other developed and developing countries. Positive attitudes of society toward PWDs, collaboration, consciousness raising and patience among stakeholders are the key success of educational provisions for PWDs in which can be enhanced through PAR.Conclusion: The majority of law enforcement and educational equality of PWDs were still ineffective and discriminated. Thus, role of parents and private centers as well as positive attitudes and collaboration among stakeholders need to be systematically promoted.
Return to work journey: an injured worker perspective
Authors: Odgers Peta 
Published: November 2014

Background: Returning to work following a workplace injury or illness is a complex, multi-faceted and continuously evolving issue that involves a range of challenges and complexities. Very little, however, is known about the stages individual injured worker's progress through, from their personal perspective, in returning to work.Objectives: The objectives of this research were to provide Comcare with greater insights and a better understanding about how to positively engage with injured/unwell workers in the federal jurisdiction, and to encourage more positive return to work (RTW) and recovery outcomes.Methods: A total of 47 in-depth interviews were conducted with injured workers from both premium paying and self-insured organisations in four Australian States and Territories. An independent research company conducted the interviews on behalf of Comcare between December 2012 and February 2013. A purposeful sampling approach was employed, however, this was influenced by the willingness of people to participate. Principle Findings:- Six stages were identified in the RTW journey, with each stage representing a distinct dynamic. The mind-set and needs of an individual were found to shift through each of these stages, thereby influencing the likelihood of them achieving a successful RTW outcome.Discussion: The RTW experience of injured and unwell workers was found to be a very personal journey that encompasses a range of experiences which can be completed in a few weeks, or continue for years. It is very emotionally charged, challenging, and tends to result in changes to personal and professional identity, life and work expectations.Conclusion: The insights gained by Comcare into an individual's RTW journey have reaffirmed our commitment to having the injured/unwell worker at the centre of what we do, and to continuing to tailor our claims management strategies to meet their individual needs. le: Key factors influencing an organisation's approach to return to work.
Work disability trajectories under three workers’ compensation programs
Authors: Tompa Emile 
Published: November 2014

Objective: We investigate labour-market earnings of workers’ compensation claimants from three distinctly different workers’ compensation insurance support programs for claimants with permanent impairments. These three programs, which existed in Ontario, Canada in different periods over the last 25 years, are the Permanent Disability (PD) program, the Future Economic Loss (FEL) program, and the Loss of Earnings (LOE) program. The nature of benefit determination and the return to work supports provided by three programs are very different. The focus of the study is on evidence of programmatic impact on labour-market earnings recovery trajectories over nine years post injury.Methods: The study included claimants sampled from each of the three programs who sustained a permanent impairment from a work injury. Claimants were identified in a Revenue Canada tax file database known as the Longitudinal Administrative Databank (LAD), which is a longitudinal 20% simple random sample of all Canadian tax filers. Each claimant was matched with similar uninjured controls that were also in the LAD, based on sex, age, labour-market earnings amounts and trajectories in the four years prior to injury, and a propensity score. Statistical modeling analysis was undertaken to compare the labour-market earnings trajectories of claimants relative to their matched controls using data on earnings over the nine years post injury. Analyses focused on sub-strata defined by program, sex, age, permanent impairment level, and pre-injury earnings. A key issue of interest was to determine which program of supports resulted in the best labour-market earnings recovery.Results: Five distinct earnings recovery trajectories were identified. Claimants in various demographic and pre-injury earnings sub-strata from the LOE program cohort had a statistically significant lower probability of the lowest earnings recovery trajectory, and higher probability of the second highest trajectory compared to the PD cohort. Results for the LOE program were similar to the FEL program.Conclusions: Injured workers from the LOE program appear to fare better than claimants from the PD program and similarly to those from the FEL program in terms of labour-market earnings recovery over the nine years post injury. Across all programs, older claimants fare more poorly, and women fare worse than men in terms of labour-market earnings recovery.
Implementing a return-to-work strategy in the Belgian Disability Benefits Insurance Scheme
Authors: Perl François 
Published: November 2014

Background: Belgium has more than 300.000 disabled people excluding work injuries or professional diseases. Until 2009, there was no return to work or disability management programs in the Belgian disability benefits public insurance.Objectives: Facing a huge increase of disability pension claims since 2007, the Belgian Government charged the NIHDI (public social security agency) to implement a national “return to work” program. This program aims to offer options and stimulate part time job recovery or vocational training initiatives.Methods: Since Belgium is a Federal State, the need for cooperation between NIHDI and the regional public employment services (PES) was essential. NIHDI implemented various contracts with the PES and with the Mutual Benefits Societies (semi private bodies in charge of the claim processing and the medical assessment). These contracts include objectives, financing and evaluation criteria. The NIHDI uses the expertise of international experts in return to work strategies and disability management.Findings: The interaction between PES and physicians from NIHDI and Mutual Benefits Societies is essential. There is a strong need for medical, disability management and social guidelines in order to prevent any risk of differential results. The traditional claim processing is outdated. It is essential to integrate from the beginning of the claim processing, strong objectives for helping the social insured to return to work as soon as possible.
Benchmarking as an ideal method for optimising rehabilitation
Authors: Fuhrlaender Bernd 
Published: November 2014

Objective: To show that benchmarking, through internal and/or external structured comparisons, is the ideal method to conduct more efficient and more effective processes.The presentation illustrates that benchmarking, especially in the rehabilitation of accident victims, is the appropriate method to use to focus on the various interests, backgrounds and individual needs of accident victims during therapy management.The objective of the project, Benchmarking the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Case Management, was to identify usable examples and methods for optimizing therapy management based on structured comparisons.The project, in which fourteen insurance carriers took part, was initiated by the German association of accident insurance carriers, Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung (DGUV).The Benchmarking focused on how the insurance carriers handled the rehabilitation process, from the time of the accident to the end of the treatment period or the occupational reintegration.The entire rehabilitation process, including the case work as well as the active planning, cooperation and monitoring of the medical, professional and social rehabilitation was divided into several segments. In this way, regardless of differences in the various procedures of the participants, fair and speedy comparisons of the segments could be established. For example:
•Analysis of all the processes and structures of therapy management•Parameters for accident severity and frequency•Resources used (overhead, personnel cost, time)•Assessment of existing management toolsResults: None of the participating carriers had the “ideal organization” of his therapy management program. Nevertheless, clear “Best Practice” examples were identified within the respective sub processes. From this, several recommendations were made. The presentation points out the most significant ones.Conclusion: The Benchmarking project was successful. The participating carriers followed the recommendations and thereby increased the efficiency and effectiveness of their therapy management program.
Linear stability of boundary layers under solitary waves
Authors: Verschaeve Joris C. G. , Pedersen Geir K. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn the present treatise, the stability of the boundary layer under solitary waves is analysed by means of the parabolized stability equation. We investigate both surface solitary waves and internal solitary waves. The main result is that the stability of the flow is not of parametric nature as has been assumed in the literature so far. Not only does linear stability analysis highlight this misunderstanding, it also gives an explanation why Sumer et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 646, 2010, pp. 207–231), Vittori & Blondeaux (Coastal Engng, vol. 58, 2011, pp. 206–213) and Ozdemir et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 731, 2013, pp. 545–578) each obtained different critical Reynolds numbers in their experiments and simulations. We find that linear instability is possible in the acceleration region of the flow, leading to the question of how this relates to the observation of transition in the acceleration region in the experiments by Sumer et al. or to the conjecture of a nonlinear instability mechanism in this region by Ozdemir et al. The key concept for assessment of instabilities is the integrated amplification which has not been employed for this kind of flow before. In addition, the present analysis is not based on a uniformization of the flow but instead uses a fully nonlinear description including non-parallel effects, weakly or fully. This allows for an analysis of the sensitivity with respect to these effects. Thanks to this thorough analysis, quantitative agreement between model results and direct numerical simulation has been obtained for the problem in question. The use of a high-order accurate Navier–Stokes solver is primordial in order to obtain agreement for the accumulated amplifications of the Tollmien–Schlichting waves as revealed in this analysis. An elaborate discussion on the effects of amplitudes and water depths on the stability of the flow is presented.
Greensand mosasaurs of New Jersey and the Cretaceous–Paleogene transition of marine vertebrates
Authors: Gallagher W.B. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractHistorical records of mosasaur discoveries in the Hornerstown Formation of the Atlantic Coastal Plain of New Jersey (USA) are reviewed in the light of recent geochemical and biostratigraphic investigations. The highest (i.e. youngest) mosasaur remains are from the basal Hornerstown Formation fossil assemblage, a widespread concentration of vertebrate and invertebrate remains that coincides with an iridium excursion and the micropalaeontological K/Pg boundary. Most of the mosasaur specimens from this horizon are single elements, but at least one specimen from the Hornerstown Formation, YPM 773, is a multi-element specimen, a skull with vertebrae. This specimen is a very large individual of Mosasaurus hoffmanni from the West Jersey Marl Company works at Barnsboro, New Jersey. It represents the stratigraphically highest multi-element articulated specimen in the K/Pg section here. In and above the basal Hornerstown, the fauna is dominated by crocodylians, lamnid sharks and chelonians. The extinction of mosasaurs created a vacant ecological niche at the top of the marine food web, and a trophic cascade of smaller predators ensued. Later in the Neogene the appearance of Elvis taxa archaeocetes such as Basilosaurus converged on mosasaur body shape.
Tyrosinase gene mutations in the Chinese Han population with OCA1
Authors: LIU NING , KONG XIANG DONG , SHI HUI RONG , WU QING HUA , JIANG MIAO 
Published: November 2014

SummaryOculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a heterogeneous autosomal recessive genetic disorder that affects melanin synthesis. OCA results in reduced or absent pigmentation in the hair, skin and eyes. Type 1 OCA (OCA1) is the result of tyrosinase (TYR) gene mutations and is a severe disease type. This study investigated TYR mutations in a Chinese cohort with OCA1. This study included two parts: patient genetic study and prenatal genetic diagnosis. A total of 30 OCA1 patients were subjected to TYR gene mutation analysis. Ten pedigrees were included for prenatal genetic diagnosis. A total of 100 unrelated healthy Chinese individuals were genotyped for controls. The coding sequence and the intron/exon junctions of TYR were analysed by bidirectional DNA sequencing. In this study, 20 mutations were identified, four of which were novel. Of these 30 OCA1 patients, 25 patients were TYR compound heterozygous; two patients carried homozygous TYR mutations; and three were heterozygous. Among the ten prenatally genotyped fetuses, three fetuses carried compound heterozygous mutations and seven carried no mutation or only one mutant allele of TYR and appeared normal at birth. In conclusion, we identified four novel TYR mutations and showed that molecular-based prenatal screening to detect TYR mutations in a fetus at risk for OCA1 provided essential information for genetic counselling of couples at risk.
Building up of a nested granite intrusion: magnetic fabric, gravity modelling and fluid inclusion planes studies in Santa Eulália Plutonic Complex (Ossa Morena Zone, Portugal)
Authors: SANT’OVAIA H. , NOGUEIRA P. , LOPES J. CARRILHO , GOMES C. , RIBEIRO M.A. , MARTINS H.C.B. , DÓRIA A. , CRUZ C. , LOPES L. , SARDINHA R. , ROCHA A. , NORONHA F. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe Santa Eulália Plutonic Complex (SEPC), located in the Ossa Morena Zone (south Portugal), is composed of a medium- to coarse-grained pink granite (G0-type) and a central grey medium-grained biotite granite (G1-type). Available Rb–Sr data indicates an age of 290 Ma. An emplacement model for the SEPC is proposed, taking into account magnetic fabric, 2D gravity modelling and fluid inclusion planes studies. The G0 and G1 types demonstrate different magnetic behaviour: G0 is considered a magnetite-type granite and G1 is an ilmenite-type granite. The formation of G0 required oxidized conditions related to the interaction of mafic rocks with a felsic magma. The 2D gravity modelling and subvertical magnetic lineations show that the feeder zone of the SEPC is located in the eastern part of the pluton, confirming the role of the Assumar and Messejana Variscan faults in the process of ascent and emplacement. The magma emplacement was controlled by ENE–WSW planar anisotropies related to the final brittle stages of the Variscan Orogeny. The emplacement of the two granites was almost synchronous as shown by their gradational contacts in the field. The magnetic fabric however suggests emplacement of the G0-type first, closely followed by emplacement of the G1-type, pushing the G0 laterally which becomes more anisotropic towards the margin. The G1-type became flattened, acquiring a dome-like structure. The SEPC is a nested pluton with G0-type granite assuming a tabular flat shape and G1-type forming a rooted dome-like structure. After emplacement, SEPC recorded increments of the late Variscan stress field documented by fluid inclusion planes in quartz.
Facial Emotion Recognition Deficits following Moderate–Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Re-examining the Valence Effect and the Role of Emotion Intensity
Authors: Rosenberg Hannah , McDonald Skye , Dethier Marie , Kessels Roy P.C. , Westbrook R. Frederick 
Published: November 2014

AbstractMany individuals who sustain moderate–severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are poor at recognizing emotional expressions, with a greater impairment in recognizing negative (e.g., fear, disgust, sadness, and anger) than positive emotions (e.g., happiness and surprise). It has been questioned whether this “valence effect” might be an artifact of the wide use of static facial emotion stimuli (usually full-blown expressions) which differ in difficulty rather than a real consequence of brain impairment. This study aimed to investigate the valence effect in TBI, while examining emotion recognition across different intensities (low, medium, and high).Method: Twenty-seven individuals with TBI and 28 matched control participants were tested on the Emotion Recognition Task (ERT). The TBI group was more impaired in overall emotion recognition, and less accurate recognizing negative emotions. However, examining the performance across the different intensities indicated that this difference was driven by some emotions (e.g., happiness) being much easier to recognize than others (e.g., fear and surprise). Our findings indicate that individuals with TBI have an overall deficit in facial emotion recognition, and that both people with TBI and control participants found some emotions more difficult than others. These results suggest that conventional measures of facial affect recognition that do not examine variance in the difficulty of emotions may produce erroneous conclusions about differential impairment. They also cast doubt on the notion that dissociable neural pathways underlie the recognition of positive and negative emotions, which are differentially affected by TBI and potentially other neurological or psychiatric disorders. (JINS, 2014,20, 1–10)
The role of maternal-specific H3K9me3 modification in establishing imprinted X-chromosome inactivation and embryogenesis in mice
Authors: Fukuda Atsushi , Tomikawa Junko , Miura Takumi , Hata Kenichiro , Nakabayashi Kazuhiko , Eggan Kevin , Akutsu Hidenori , Umezawa Akihiro 
Published: November 2014

AbstractMaintaining a single active X-chromosome by repressing Xist is crucial for embryonic development in mice. Although the Xist activator RNF12/RLIM is present as a maternal factor, maternal Xist (Xm-Xist) is repressed during preimplantation phases to establish imprinted X-chromosome inactivation (XCI). Here we show, using a highly reproducible chromatin immunoprecipitation method that facilitates chromatin analysis of preimplantation embryos, that H3K9me3 is enriched at the Xist promoter region, preventing Xm-Xist activation by RNF12. The high levels of H3K9me3 at the Xist promoter region are lost in embryonic stem (ES) cells, and ES-cloned embryos show RNF12-dependent Xist expression. Moreover, lack of Xm-XCI in the trophectoderm, rather than loss of paternally expressed imprinted genes, is the primary cause of embryonic lethality in 70–80% of parthenogenotes immediately after implantation. This study reveals that H3K9me3 is involved in the imprinting that silences Xm-Xist. Our findings highlight the role of maternal-specific H3K9me3 modification in embryo development.
Constraining hot plasma in a non-flaring solar active region with FOXSI hard X-ray observations
Authors: Ishikawa Shin-nosuke , Glesener Lindsay , Christe Steven , Ishibashi Kazunori , Brooks David H. , Williams David R. , Shimojo Masumi , Sako Nobuharu , Krucker Säm 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
We present new constraints on the high-temperature emission measure of a non-flaring solar active region using observations from the recently flown Focusing Optics X-ray Solar Imager (FOXSI) sounding rocket payload. FOXSI has performed the first focused hard X-ray (HXR) observation of the Sun in its first successful flight on 2012 November 2. Focusing optics, combined with small strip detectors, enable high-sensitivity observations with respect to previous indirect imagers. This capability, along with the sensitivity of the HXR regime to high-temperature emission, offers the potential to better characterize high-temperature plasma in the corona as predicted by nanoflare heating models. We present a joint analysis of the differential emission measure (DEM) of active region 11602 using coordinated observations by FOXSI, Hinode/XRT, and Hinode/EIS. The Hinode-derived DEM predicts significant emission measure between 1 MK and 3 MK, with a peak in the DEM predicted at 2.0–2.5 MK. The combined XRT and EIS DEM also shows emission from a smaller population of plasma above 8 MK. This is contradicted by FOXSI observations that significantly constrain emission above 8 MK. This suggests that the Hinode DEM analysis has larger uncertainties at higher temperatures and that &gt; 8 MK plasma above an emission measure of 3 × 1044 cm−3 is excluded in this active region.