bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ice sheet sources of sea level rise and freshwater discharge during the last deglaciation
Authors: Carlson Anders E. , Clark Peter U. 
Published: October 2012

We review and synthesize the geologic record that constrains the sources of sea level rise and freshwater discharge to the global oceans associated with retreat of ice sheets during the last deglaciation. The Last Glacial Maximum (∼26–19 ka) was terminated by a rapid 5–10 m sea level rise at 19.0–19.5 ka, sourced largely from Northern Hemisphere ice sheet retreat in response to high northern latitude insolation forcing. Sea level rise of 8–20 m from ∼19 to 14.5 ka can be attributed to continued retreat of the Laurentide and Eurasian Ice Sheets, with an additional freshwater forcing of uncertain amount delivered by Heinrich event 1. The source of the abrupt acceleration in sea level rise at ∼14.6 ka (meltwater pulse 1A, ∼14–15 m) includes contributions of 6.5–10 m from Northern Hemisphere ice sheets, of which 2–7 m represents an excess contribution above that derived from ongoing ice sheet retreat. Widespread retreat of Antarctic ice sheets began at 14.0–15.0 ka, which, together with geophysical modeling of far‐field sea level records, suggests an Antarctic contribution to this meltwater pulse as well. The cause of the subsequent Younger Dryas cold event can be attributed to eastward freshwater runoff from the Lake Agassiz basin to the St. Lawrence estuary that agrees with existing Lake Agassiz outlet radiocarbon dates. Much of the early Holocene sea level rise can be explained by Laurentide and Scandinavian Ice Sheet retreat, with collapse of Laurentide ice over Hudson Bay and drainage of Lake Agassiz basin runoff at ∼8.4–8.2 ka to the Labrador Sea causing the 8.2 ka event.
Middle and upper thermosphere density structures due to nonmigrating tides
Authors: Forbes Jeffrey M. , Zhang Xiaoli , Bruinsma Sean 
Published: October 2012

Density measurements from the SETA satellites near 200 km during 1982–1984, and the CHAMP and GRACE satellites between 350 and 550 km during 2002–2009, are used to investigate longitudinal structures in density due to nonmigrating tides, and to evaluate performance of the recently‐created Climatological Tidal Model of the Thermosphere (CTMT). Amplitudes for the diurnal and semidiurnal tidal components fall roughly in the range of 4–10%. Diurnal tides at middle and low latitudes are often characterized by wave‐3 and/or wave‐4 structures, consistent with the presence of the eastward‐propagating diurnal tides with zonal wave numberss = 2 and s = 3 (DE2 and DE3, respectively) and with expected seasonal variability based on previous works. Semidiurnal structures often reflect the presence of the eastward‐propagating tide withs = 2 (SE2), which gives rise to wave‐4 structures that have a more antisymmetric relationship between N. and S. hemispheres. Similarities in structures between different years underscore the fact that the thermosphere is subject to repeatable and reproducible forcing by upward‐propagating tides, but there are also occasions where considerable departures from climatology occur. Wave‐2 structures at high latitudes likely contain signatures of the eastward‐propagating diurnal tide withs = 1 (DE1) and the zonally‐symmetric (s = 0) semidiurnal oscillation (S0) propagating upwards from below, but these and other waves that produce wave‐2 can also be forced in‐situ by high‐latitude processes. The CTMT captures the salient features of the observations at middle and low latitudes, although with lower amplitudes that are likely due to phase cancelation effects resulting from averaging over multiple years (2002–2006). We propose that some discrepancies between the CTMT and our observational results may be associated with wave components arising in‐situ in the thermosphere as the result of nonlinear tide‐tide interactions and plasma neutral interactions, the latter being especially prominent at high latitudes where the displaced geomagnetic frame is particularly influential. Modeling studies are required to validate these proposed mechanisms, however.
Common and Specific Protein Accumulation Patterns in Different Albino/Pale-Green Mutants Reveals Regulon Organization at the Proteome Level
Authors: Motohashi Reiko , Rödiger Anja , Agne Birgit , Baerenfaller Katja , Baginsky Sacha 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Research interest in proteomics is increasingly shifting toward the reverse genetic characterization of gene function at the proteome level. In plants, several distinct gene defects perturb photosynthetic capacity, resulting in the loss of chlorophyll and an albino or pale-green phenotype. Because photosynthesis is interconnected with the entire plant metabolism and its regulation, all albino plants share common characteristics that are determined by the switch from autotrophic to heterotrophic growth. Reverse genetic characterizations of such plants often cannot distinguish between specific consequences of a gene defect from generic effects in response to perturbations in photosynthetic capacity. Here, we set out to define common and specific features of protein accumulation in three different albino/pale-green plant lines. Using quantitative proteomics, we report a common molecular phenotype that connects the loss of photosynthetic capacity with other chloroplast and cellular functions, such as protein folding and stability, plastid protein import, and the expression of stress-related genes. Surprisingly, we do not find significant differences in the expression of key transcriptional regulators, suggesting that substantial regulation occurs at the posttranscriptional level. We examine the influence of different normalization schemes on the quantitative proteomics data and report all identified proteins along with their fold changes and P values in albino plants in comparison with the wild type. Our analysis provides initial guidance for the distinction between general and specific adaptations of the proteome in photosynthesis-impaired plants.
Precision of fit of implant‐supported screw‐retained 10‐unit computer‐aided‐designed and computer‐aided‐manufactured frameworks made from zirconium dioxide and titanium: an in vitro study
Authors: Katsoulis Joannis , Mericske‐Stern Regina , Rotkina Lolita , Zbären Christoph , Enkling Norbert , Blatz Markus B. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the precision of fit of implant‐supported screw‐retained computer‐aided‐designed and computer‐aided‐manufactured (CAD/CAM) zirconium dioxide (ZrO) frameworks.Materials and methodsComputer‐aided‐designed and computer‐aided‐manufactured ZrO frameworks (NobelProcera™) for a screw‐retained 10‐unit implant‐supported reconstruction on six implants (FDI positions 15, 13, 11, 21, 23, 25) were fabricated using a laser (ZrO‐L, N = 6) and a mechanical scanner (ZrO‐M, N = 5) for digitizing the implant platform and the cuspid‐supporting framework resin pattern. Laser‐scanned CAD/CAM titanium (TIT‐L, N = 6) and cast CoCrW‐alloy frameworks (Cast, N = 5) fabricated on the same model and designed similar to the ZrO frameworks were the control. The one‐screw test (implant 25 screw‐retained) was applied to assess the vertical microgap between implant and framework platform with a scanning electron microscope. The mean microgap was calculated from approximal and buccal values. Statistical comparison was performed with non‐parametric tests.ResultsNo statistically significant pairwise difference was observed between the relative effects of vertical microgap between ZrO‐L (median 14 μm; 95% CI 10–26 μm), ZrO‐M (18 μm; 12–27 μm) and TIT‐L (15 μm; 6–18 μm), whereas the values of Cast (236 μm; 181–301 μm) were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the three CAD/CAM groups. A monotonous trend of increasing values from implant 23 to 15 was observed in all groups (ZrO‐L, ZrO‐M and Cast P < 0.001, TIT‐L P = 0.044).ConclusionsOptical and tactile scanners with CAD/CAM technology allow for the fabrication of highly accurate long‐span screw‐retained ZrO implant‐reconstructions. Titanium frameworks showed the most consistent precision. Fit of the cast alloy frameworks was clinically inacceptable.
TMF criteria for Lost Foam Casting aluminum alloys
Authors: TABIBIAN S. , CHARKALUK E. , CONSTANTINESCU A. , SZMYTKA F. , OUDIN A. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to define a thermo‐mechanical fatigue criterion in order to predict the failure of aluminum alloys components issued with the lost foam casting process and used in particular in the automotive industry. The microstructure of the studied materials (A356–A319 aluminum alloys) is clearly affected by the lost foam casting process which can directly affect the mechanical properties, the damage mechanisms and the fatigue failure of specimens and components. The major problem in defining a predictive fatigue criterion in this case is the fact that it should be applicable for the component which is submitted to complex multiaxial thermo‐mechanical loadings. Since many years, energy‐based criteria have been used to predict fatigue failure of this class of materials. Then, different energy‐based criteria are tested in order to take into account different types of triaxiality and mean stress effects corrections. The fatigue lifetime results predicted by both of them show a good agreement with experimental results.
Ethnographic study of a good death among elderly Japanese Americans
Authors: Hattori Keiko , Ishida Dianne N. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMost humans desire a good death, but the nursing literature on culture‐specific responses to older life, especially on issues of death and dying among Japanese Americans, is still limited. The pattern of beliefs about a good death held by elderly Japanese Americans living in Hawaii was explored. A qualitative study using ethnography and in‐depth interviewing was employed. Eighteen healthy and active elderly participants were interviewed, and data analyzed using ethnography to extract categories and themes, and four supplementary interviews with experts were held for triangulation of the data. Four themes emerged, however, in this paper, the predominate one, not being a burden to family, was discussed. The participants believed burdening someone in their culture has an extremely negative implication. Sufficient preparation for older life and death, family support, friends support, and finance were their strategies to avoid being a burden. Nurses need to understand that the concept of good death is unique to every culture. Such knowledge will help them to plan and provide appropriate end‐of‐life care, and will reduce the risk of living wills being ignored.
In Defense of Prenatal Genetic Interventions
Authors: Murphy Timothy F. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTJürgen Habermas has argued against prenatal genetic interventions used to influence traits on the grounds that only biogenetic contingency in the conception of children preserves the conditions that make the presumption of moral equality possible. This argument fails for a number of reasons. The contingency that Habermas points to as the condition of moral equality is an artifact of evolutionary contingency and not inviolable in itself. Moreover, as a precedent for genetic interventions, parents and society already affect children's traits, which is to say there is moral precedent for influencing the traits of descendants. A veil‐of‐ignorance methodology can also be used to justify prenatal interventions through its method of advance consent and its preservation of the contingency of human identities in a moral sense. In any case, the selection of children's traits does not undermine the prospects of authoring a life since their future remains just as contingent morally as if no trait had been selected. Ironically, the prospect of preserving human beings as they are – to counteract genetic drift – might even require interventions to preserve the ability to author a life in a moral sense. In light of these analyses, Habermas' concerns about prenatal genetic interventions cannot succeed as objections to their practice as a matter of principle; the merits of these interventions must be evaluated individually.
Hub‐and‐Spoke Student Blogging and Advantages for Classroom Discussion
Authors: Walatka Todd 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis essay argues for a particular form of student blogging as a powerful tool for generating and sustaining student engagement and conversation. After a brief discussion of pedagogical principles, “hub‐and‐spoke” blogging is presented as a means to facilitate a more student and discussion‐centered classroom. Based upon recent research and the author's experience, blogging is shown to have a significant impact on both student and instructor preparation for class and to positively shape instructional time.
GLOBAL MEDIA CITIES IN TRANSNATIONAL MEDIA NETWORKS
Authors: HOYLER MICHAEL , WATSON ALLAN 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper considers an alternative dimension of world city network formation, driven by transnational media corporations rather than advanced producer services. Through an empirical analysis of the office networks of leading media corporations, the paper measures the integration of global media cities into the world city network in 2011. An interlocking network model is employed to determine the connectedness of cities within media networks, and a principal components analysis used to identify six media fields that represent the locational strategies of transnational media corporations. The results highlight the regionality of global corporate media strategies, which are firmly anchored in the major home markets of North America, Europe and Japan but reach out to other world regions through strategically positioned media cities.
A Universal neighbourhood rough sets model for knowledge discovering from incomplete heterogeneous data
Authors: Jing Siyuan , She Kun , Ali Shahzad 
Published: October 2012

AbstractNeighbourhood rough set theory has proven already, as an efficient tool for knowledge discovering from heterogeneous data. However, some types of the data are incomplete and noisy in practical environments, such as signal analysis, fault diagnosis etc. To solve this problem, a universal neighbourhood rough sets model (variable precision tolerance neighbourhood rough sets [VPTNRS] model) is proposed based on a tolerance neighbourhood relation and the probabilistic theory. The proposed model can be inducing a family of much more comprehensive information granules to characterize arbitrary concepts in complex universe. In this paper, we discussed the properties of the model as well as some important relevant theorems are also introduced and proved. Furthermore, a heuristic heterogeneous feature selection algorithm is given based on the model. The experimental results with 10 choices University of California Irvine (UCI) standard data sets showed that the universal model performed well both in feature selection and classification, especially in incomplete environment.
THE CONTINUING MODESTY OF HISTORY
Authors: Ermarth Elizabeth Deeds 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThe critique of conventional historical writing has been emergent for a century—it is not the work of a few—and it has immense practical implications for Western society, perhaps especially in English‐speaking countries. Involved are such issues as the decline of representation, the nature of causality, the definitions of identity or time or system, to name only a few. Conventional historians are quite right to consider this a challenge to everything they assume in order to do their work. The challenge is, why do that particular work at all? Understandably, historians have consolidated, especially in North America where empiricism and the English language prevail. But even there, and certainly elsewhere, and given the changes in knowledge and social order during the past century at least, the critique of conventional historical method is unavoidable. Too bad historians aren't doing more to help this effort, and by historians I don't mean the most of us who think constantly in terms of historical causality as we learned it from the nineteenth century and our teachers; by “historians” I mean the experts who continue to teach the young. A major roadblock to creative discussion is the fact that problems such as those just mentioned all exceed disciplinary boundaries, so investigation that does not follow suit cannot grasp the problem, much less respond to it creatively. Of course everyone is “for” interdisciplinary work, but most professional organizations, publications, and institutions do not encourage it, despite lip service to the contrary. Interdisciplinary work involves more than the splicing activity that is all too familiar in academic curricula. Crossing out of one's realm of “expertise” requires a kind of humility that does not always sort well with the kind of expertise fostered by professional organizations, publications, and institutions. And even the willing have trouble with the heady atmosphere outside the professional bubble. In such conditions key terms (“language,”“discourse,”“relativism,”“modernity,”“postmodernity,”“time,”“difference”) are pushed here and pushed there without gaining the focus that would lead to currency until finally the ostensible field of play resembles a gigantic traffic jam like the one that opens the film Fellini Roma. Discussion of these issues leads in the end to Borges and his story, ‘The Modesty of History,” from which the title of this essay is borrowed.
Congenital Cutaneous Hemangioma Causing Cardiac Failure: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Weitz Nicole A. , Lauren Christine T. , Starc Thomas J. , Kandel Jessica J. , Bateman David A. , Morel Kimberly D. , Meyers Philip M. , Kadenhe‐Chiweshe Angela , Wu June K. , Garzon Maria C. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe present a case of a large congenital hemangioma (CH) on the neck causing cardiac failure and thrombocytopenia in a female neonate. A trial of medical therapy with corticosteroids and propranolol was attempted, but the patient ultimately underwent definitive treatment with embolization and surgical resection with a positive outcome. A review of the English language literature revealed 16 previously reported cases of CHs complicated by congestive heart failure. This series supports known demographic features of CHs, including a lack of gender discrepancy and a predilection to affect the head and neck. These CHs are rarely diagnosed in utero; most patients present with a mass at birth. Cardiac failure is identified prenatally or in the first days of life. A mild to moderate thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy, which is likely transient and distinct from classic Kasabach‐Merritt phenomenon, accompanies many of these cases. There is a 30% associated mortality rate. Both medical and interventional treatment modalities have been reported. Steroids are the most commonly used medication, but without any clear benefit. We hypothesize that, based on its possible mechanisms of action,propranolol may be a more effective treatment for CHs requiring treatment. As surgical intervention may be necessary, we recommend a multidisciplinary approach to treating patients with problematic CHs.
Experimental early‐life febrile seizures induce changes in GABAAR‐mediated neurotransmission in the dentate gyrus
Authors: Swijsen Ann , Avila Ariel , Brône Bert , Janssen Daniel , Hoogland Govert , Rigo Jean‐Michel 
Published: October 2012

SummaryPurpose:  Febrile seizures (FS), the most frequent seizure type during childhood, have been linked to temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in adulthood. Yet, underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. Altered γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurotransmission in the dentate gyrus (DG) circuit has been hypothesized to be involved. This study aims at analyzing whether experimental FS change inhibitory synaptic input and postsynaptic GABAAR function in dentate granule cells.Methods:  We applied an immature rat model of hyperthermia (HT)–induced FS. GABAAR‐mediated neurotransmission was studied using whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings from dentate granule neurons in hippocampal slices within 6–9 days post‐HT.Key Findings:  Frequencies of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) were reduced in HT rats that had experienced seizures, whereas sIPSC amplitudes were enhanced. Whole‐cell GABA responses revealed a doubled GABAAR sensitivity in dentate granule cells from HT animals, compared to that of normothermic (NT) controls. Analysis of sIPSCs and whole‐cell GABA responses showed similar kinetics in postsynaptic GABAARs of HT and NT rats. quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) experiments indicated changes in DG GABAAR subunit expression, which was most pronounced for the α3 subunit.Significance:  The data support the hypothesis that FS persistently alter neuronal excitability.
Exploratory Analysis of Polygons Distributed with Overlap
Authors: Sadahiro Yukio 
Published: October 2012

Spatial analysis often treats a set of polygons distributed with overlap in a region. Daily variation of the market area of a supermarket is represented by a set of overlapping polygons in geographic information systems and analyzed to grasp consumers' purchase behavior. The distribution of ethnic groups is also represented as a set of polygons, and relations among these polygons are discussed in cultural geography. To assist the exploratory analysis of polygons, this article proposes a new method of analyzing the relations among polygons. The method permits us to understand the entire structure of the relations among polygons and to detect local spatial patterns in these relations. The Hasse diagram and its extension are introduced to describe the topological structure of polygons. These tools are effective especially for describing hierarchical relations among polygons. The extension of the Hasse diagram also provides a means of classifying polygons, which is useful for discussing similarities and differences among them. The method is employed to analyze the results of an experiment in environmental psychology. Discussion focuses on technical soundness of and empirical findings obtained with the method.En análisis espacial, es común representar y analizar conjuntos de polígonos con traslapes en una región. La variación diaria de la zona de mercado de un supermercado, por ejemplo, es representada por medio de un conjunto de polígonos traslapados en un Sistema de Información Geográfico (GIS), el cual es analizado para comprender el comportamiento de compra de consumidores. La distribución de los grupos étnicos también es representada como un conjunto de polígonos, mientras que las relaciones entre dichos polígonos es abordado con conceptos de geografía cultural. Para apoyar al análisis exploratorio de los polígonos como éstos, los autores proponen un nuevo método de análisis de las relaciones entre polígonos. El método permite comprender toda la estructura de las relaciones entre polígonos y detectar patrones espaciales locales en estas relaciones. Los autores utilizan el diagrama de Hasse y proponen ciertas ampliaciones al método para describir la estructura topológica de polígonos. Estas herramientas son efectivas especialmente para la descripción de las relaciones jerárquicas entre los polígonos. La ampliación del diagrama de Hasse también proporciona un método para clasificar polígonos que es útil para tratar de similitudes y diferencias entre ellos. El método propuesto es empleado para analizar los resultados de un experimento en psicología ambiental. La discusión se centra en la solidez técnica y en los resultados empíricos obtenidos con el método.空间分析通常将同个区域的一组多边形分布的图层进行叠加。在GIS系统中对一组超市市场区日常变化的多边形进行叠加分析可掌握消费者的购买行为。种族分布同样可由一组多边形表征，并可在文化地理学框架下进行这些多边形要素间的相关性分析。为支持多边形的探索性分析，本文提出了一种用于分析多边形间关系的新方法。该方法有助于理解多边形间关系的整体结构，并可探测局部空间格局。Hasse图及其扩展用于描述多边形的拓扑结构，对描述图层的层次关系尤为有效。Hasse图的扩展也提供了多边形分类的手段，这对于讨论它们之间的异同性是十分有效。最后，将该方法用于环境心理学试验结果的分析，讨论主要侧重于技术的合理性分析及从该方法得到的经验认识。