bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the microbiological activity in agricultural and urban soils
Authors: DEC DOROTA 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the enzymatic soil and the number of selected microorganisms in urban soil, which are located in the lane of the reconstructed road and compare it with a soil cultivated for agricultural purposes. The conducted analysis showed significant differences between the results of the soil taken from the roadway and the soil cultivated from agricultural purposes. The C:N ratio in soils of the roadway (from 24 to 31) indicated that they were degraded and heavily degraded soils. Urban soils had a neutral pH. The activity of dehydrogenase (1.93–6.95 μg TPF g−1·h−1), acid phosphatase (2.42–4.92 mM pNP·g−1·h−1) and alkaline phosphatase (2.34–4.80 mM pNP·g−1·h−1) in urban soils were low. In agricultural soils the acid phosphatase enzyme levels ranged 6.32–8.04 mM pNP·g−1·h−1, and alkaline phosphatase were 7.26–9.16 mM pNP·g−1·h−1. In urban soil samples collected along the roadway, a significant correlation between potassium and dehydrogenase activity, and between the C:N ratio and the activity of acid phosphatase was found.
A Multi-Referenced Analysis of the Quality of Learning Climate in Health and Physical Education Student Teaching
Authors: Desbiens Jean-François , Spallanzani Carlo , Turcotte Sylvain , Roy Martin , Lanoue Sèverine , Tourigny Jean-Sébastien 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe Learning Climate (LC) is an important component of a favorable learning environment in Health and Physical Education (HPE). Three valid observation systems and the questionnaire for teacher interaction (QTI) were used in conjunction to describe and analyse the nature and quality of the LC prevailing in HPE lessons conducted by 25 student teachers (STs) with high school students (n = 565). Descriptive, correlational and multivariate non parametric techniques were performed. Despite a high mean degree of proximity perceived by the students, LC was rather unfavorable to learning because mean appropriate motor engagement was low. However, a very high degree of proximity and influence at the same time corresponds to learning conditions favorable to appropriate motor engagement. This study helped to identify and to weight the variables which are more closely associated with a positive LC , a topic that should be the focus of HPE initial teacher training.
Reasons to Stay in Club Sport According to 19-Year-Old Swedish Participants: A Salutogenic Approach
Authors: Jakobsson Britta Thedin , Lundvall Suzanne , Redelius Karin 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
A vital part of many teenagers’ lives is participation in club sports. Despite this, many adolescents drop out of club sports. Since physical inactivity is increasing among young people, this is of great political concern. One aim of this study is to explore why young people in their late teens continue to participate in organized club sports. Another aim is to examine the perceived levels and intensity of physical activity among participants and non-participants (n = 377). The results show that primary reasons to continue participating in club sports are having fun and the sense of enjoyment, the sense of belonging, and the sense of improving sport skills. Of lesser importance, however, is the desire to compete. A large amount of club sports participants (74%) report that they are regularly physically active in an intense form of exercise compared to a significantly smaller amount (12%) of non-participants. The findings are discussed in relation to Aaron Antonovsky’s salutogenic approach and his concepts of sense of coherence (SOC).
Wii Teach Movement Qualities in Physical Education
Authors: Meckbach Jane , Gibbs Béatrice , Almqvist Jonas , Quennerstedt Mikael 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn Sweden, the PE curriculum states that students are expected to develop a number of abilities, a variety of movement activities and qualities. Interesting to explore is then if exergames (video games that includes physical activity) can be seen as a teaching resource to learn different movement’s qualities. With a new teaching tool that has been introduced in education and new policy documents emphasising development of different movement qualities, the purpose of this article is accordingly to investigate students’ use of different movement qualities when playing various exergames during PE. For this we use a version of Laban Movement Analysis (LMA) adapted for exploring exergames in PE practice. The empirical data include video-recordings from PE lessons. The games offered were of three different characters; sports games, exercise games and dance games. We are inspired by the LMA framework and explore students’ movement qualities on the basis of four aspects; body, effort, space and relations. Further, with socio-cultural learning theory, recognition of artefacts, other people and the offered content of the exergames are also involved in the analysis. Our findings show that exergames are creating opportunities for PE teachers and students to pay attention to different movement qualities. In PE the player is accordingly involved in a complex context of movement qualities, interacting with the game and with other students.
On finest unitary extensions of topological
monoids
Authors: Averbukh Boris G. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
We prove that the Wyler completion of the unitary Cauchy space on a given Hausdorff topological 5
monoid consisting of the underlying set of this monoid and of the family of unitary Cauchy filters on it, is a
T2-topological space and, in the commutative case, an abstract monoid containing the initial one.
The Non-Linear Effect of Corporate Taxes on Economic Growth
Authors: Huňady Ján , Orviská Marta 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The paper deals with the problem of taxation and its potential impact on economic growth and presents some new empirical insights into this topic. The main aim of the paper is to verify an assumed nonlinear impact of corporate tax rates on economic growth. Based on the theory of public finance and taxation, we hypothesize that at relatively low tax rates it is possible that the impact of taxation on economic growth become slightly positive. On the other hand when the tax rates are higher a negative impact of taxation on economic growth could be expected. Despite the fact that the most of the existing studies find a negative linear relationship between these variables, we can also find strong support for a non-linear relationship from several theoretical models as well as some empirical studies. Based on panel data fixed-effects econometric models, we, as well, find empirical evidence for a non-linear relationship between nominal and effective corporate tax rates and economic growth. Our data consists of annual observations for the period 1999 to 2011 for EU Member States. Based on the results, we also estimated the optimal level of the corporate tax rate in terms of maximizing economic growth in the average of the EU countries.
Determinants of Return on Assets in Romania: A Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Sorana Vatavu 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This paper examines the impact of capital structure, as well as its determinants on the financial performance of Romanian companies listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange. The analysis is based on cross sectional regressions and factor analysis, and it refers to a ten-year period (2003-2012). Return on assets (ROA) is the performance proxy, while the capital structure indicator is debt ratio. Regression results indicate that Romanian companies register higher returns when they operate with limited borrowings. Among the capital structure determinants, tangibility and business risk have a negative impact on ROA, but the level of taxation has a positive effect, showing that companies manage their assets more efficiently during times of higher fiscal pressure. Performance is sustained by sales turnover, but not significantly influenced by high levels of liquidity. Periods of unstable economic conditions, reflected by high inflation rates and the current financial crisis, have a strong negative impact on corporate performance. Based on regression results, three factors were considered through the method of iterated principal component factors: the first one incorporates debt and size, as an indicator of consumption, the second one integrates the influence of tangibility and liquidity, marking the investment potential, and the third one is an indicator of assessed risk, integrating the volatility of earnings with the level of taxation. ROA is significantly influenced by these three factors, regardless the regression method used. The consumption factor has a negative impact on performance, while the investment and risk variables positively influence ROA.
From blindsight to blindsmell: a mini review
Authors: Zucco Gesualdo M. , Priftis Konstantinos , Stevenson Richard J. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This mini-review briefly documents the phenomenon of blindsight and investigates evidence for a comparable
state in olfaction. Blindsight evokes an appropriate response to a visual stimulus without any conscious visual
experience or awareness of that event. For olfaction, we describe many routine aspects of perception that may
occur without conscious awareness, arguably paralleling key aspects of blindsight. We then describe the limited
neuropsychological evidence suggesting that people can apparently respond appropriately to odours that they
cannot subjectively smell – what we would term “blindsmell”.
A novel head-neck cooling device for concussion injury in contact sports
Authors: Wang Huan , Wang Bonnie , Jackson Kevin , Miller Claire M. , Hasadsri Linda , Llano Daniel , Rubin Rachael , Zimmerman Jarred , Johnson Curtis , Sutton Brad 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Emerging research on the long-term impact of concussions on athletes has allowed public recognition of the
potentially devastating effects of these and other mild head injuries. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a
multifaceted disease for which management remains a clinical challenge. Recent pre-clinical and clinical data
strongly suggest a destructive synergism between brain temperature elevation and mTBI; conversely, brain
hypothermia, with its broader, pleiotropic effects, represents the most potent neuro-protectant in laboratory
studies to date. Although well-established in selected clinical conditions, a systemic approach to accomplish
regional hypothermia has failed to yield an effective treatment strategy in traumatic brain injury (TBI).
Furthermore, although systemic hypothermia remains a potentially valid treatment strategy for moderate to
severe TBIs, it is neither practical nor safe for mTBIs. Therefore, selective head-neck cooling may represent an
ideal strategy to provide therapeutic benefits to the brain. Optimizing brain temperature management using a
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) spacesuit spinoff head-neck cooling technology before
and/or after mTBI in contact sports may represent a sensible, practical, and effective method to potentially
enhance recover and minimize post-injury deficits. In this paper, we discuss and summarize the anatomical,
physiological, preclinical, and clinical data concerning NASA spinoff head-neck cooling technology as a potential
treatment for mTBIs, particularly in the context of contact sports.
Association of new deletion/duplication region at chromosome 1p21 with intellectual disability, severe speech deficit and autism spectrum disorder-like
behavior: an all-in approach to solving the DPYD enigma
Authors: Brečević Lukrecija , Rinčić Martina , Krsnik Željka , Sedmak Goran , Hamid Ahmed B. , Kosyakova Nadezda , Galić Ivan , Liehr Thomas , Borovečki Fran 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
We describe an as yet unreported neocentric small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) derived from
chromosome 1p21.3p21.2. It was present in 80% of the lymphocytes in a male patient with intellectual disability,
severe speech deficit, mild dysmorphic features, and hyperactivity with elements of autism spectrum disorder
(ASD).

Several important neurodevelopmental genes are affected by the 3.56 Mb copy number gain of 1p21.3p21.2,
which may be considered reciprocal in gene content to the recently recognized 1p21.3 microdeletion syndrome.
Both 1p21.3 deletions and the presented duplication display overlapping symptoms, fitting the same disorder
category. Contribution of coding and non-coding genes to the phenotype is discussed in the light of cellular
and intercellular homeostasis disequilibrium. In line with this the presented 1p21.3p21.2 copy number gain
correlated to 1p21.3 microdeletion syndrome verifies the hypothesis of a cumulative effect of the number of
deregulated genes - homeostasis disequilibrium leading to overlapping phenotypes between microdeletion and
microduplication syndromes.

Although miR-137 appears to be the major player in the 1p21.3p21.2 region, deregulation of the DPYD
(dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase) gene may potentially affect neighboring genes underlying the overlapping
symptoms present in both the copy number loss and copy number gain of 1p21. Namely, the all-in approach
revealed that DPYD is a complex gene whose expression is epigenetically regulated by long non-coding RNAs
(lncRNAs) within the locus. Furthermore, the long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) L1MC1 transposon
inserted in DPYD intronic transcript 1 (DPYD-IT1) lncRNA with its parasites, TcMAR-Tigger5b and pair of Alu repeats
appears to be the “weakest link” within the DPYD gene liable to break. Identification of the precise mechanism
through which DPYD is epigenetically regulated, and underlying reasons why exactly the break (FRA1E) happens,
will consequently pave the way toward preventing severe toxicity to the antineoplastic drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)
and development of the causative therapy for the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency.
Role of PAR2 in regulating oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain via TRPA1
Authors: Tian Liujun , Fan Tianren , Zhou Nan , Guo Hui , Zhang Weijie 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Oxaliplatin (OXL) is a third-generation chemotherapeutic agent commonly used to treat metastatic digestive
tumors; however, one of the main limiting complications of OXL is neuropathic pain. In this study, the underlying
mechanisms responsible for OXL evoked-neuropathic pain were examined. Using a rat model, the results
demonstrated that intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of OXL significantly increased mechanical pain and cold
sensitivity as compared with control animals (P < 0.05 vs. control rats). Blocking proteinase-activated receptor
2 (PAR2) significantly attenuated mechanical pain and cold sensitivity observed in control rats and OXL rats (P <
0.05 vs. vehicle control). The attenuating effect of PAR2 on mechanical pain and cold sensitivity were significantly
smaller in OXL-rats than in control rats. The role played by PAR2 downstream signaling pathways [namely,
transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1)] in regulating OXL evoked-neuropathic pain was also examined.
The data shows that TRPA1 expression was upregulated in the lumbar dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of OXL rats and
blocking TRPA1 inhibited mechanical pain and heightened cold sensitivity (P <0.05 vs. control rats). Blocking
PAR2 also significantly decreased TRPA1expression in the DRG. Findings in this study show that OXL intervention
amplifies mechanical hyperalgesia and cold hypersensitivity and PAR2 plays an important role in regulating OXLinduced
neuropathic pain via TRPA1 pathways.
The Role of Physical Activity and Physical Therapy on Muscle Relaxation and Pain in Neck Disorders
Authors: Saltan Asuman , Bakar Yeşim , Yümin Eylem Tütün , Sertel Meral , Tatarli Necati , Ankarali Handan 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Background: Musculoskeletal problems (neck, shoulder, back pain etc.) occur as a chronic pain or disability that reducesquality of life and economic productivity. To test the hypothesis that, comparison of the effectiveness of one-session application of two physiotherapy methods. The other aim is to investigation the relationship between physical activity and pain, muscle relaxation.

Method: This study was designed randomized trial and double blind. Participants (with neck pain) divided into two groups (Classical Massage (CM), n=24 and Active Stretching, n=21) Pain were determined by the visual analog scale (VAS), a digital pressure algometer was used to assess pain threshold (PT) level and muscle relaxation response was measured by means of electromyography biofeedback (EMG_BF). Physical activity was determined by the physical activity assessment questionnaire (PAAQ).

Results: Only the EMG values on the right SCM muscles of the CM group was found significantly higher than stretching group (p=0.003). The relationship between EMG-BF, PT values and PAAQ was examined.

Conclusions: Self-stretching is more effective than CM in providing muscle relaxation. Physical activities (especially steps, sitting at home working and school activities) particularly affect neck pain and SCM muscle.
The opinion of Romanian male tennis players about the importance of mental trainining
Authors: Petracovschi Simona , Rogoveanu Sergiu 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyze the importance of mental preparation for competition in Romanian tennis players. We collected data from 67 Romanian male tennis players (mean age: 24 years) by means of questionnaires. Thus, we applied two questionnaires: a demographic test and SCAT - Sport Competition Anxiety Test. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 20.0. The results indicate fourth aspects of the analyze: who is in charge with the mental preparation, if the athletes know the modern technics used by the specialists for the mental training for competition, the opinion about necessity of mental training and some aspects of anxiety and the strategies to combat it. The conclusions indicate that the mental preparation under the supervision of a specialist is not high practiced by the Romanian tennis players. The need for a specialist is demanded especially to control the emotions before the competition. The current practice to combat the anxiety is music listening, separation from the group, praying or respiration exercise. There is a largely need to improve this technics.
Przełomowe wydarzenia polityczne w Lublinie w czasie I wojny światowej. Na drodze do niepodległości / Landmarks of the First World War in Lublin. On the way to the independence
Authors: Ryba Mieczysław 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe author writes about the changes on the political scene in Lublin during the First World War. Since 1915, Lublin was occupied by German and Austrian troops. Some political groups wanted to cooperate with Germany and Austria-Hungary, some opposed to this. 5th November Act 1916 gave the promise of creating a Polish state. Therefore, political parties collaborating with the Germans increased their activity. Later came the growing disappointment against German policy towards Polish. The worst was adopted the Treaty of Brest in 1918, when the Germans and Austrians gave Ukraine a part of Polish territory. In Lublin gained an advantage an anti-German group.In November 1918, the government of Lublin formed the Socialists. To the political struggle, the government began Polish nationalists.
On certain generalized q-Appell polynomial expansions
Authors: Ernst Thomas 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe study q-analogues of three Appell polynomials, the H-polynomials, the Apostol-Bernoulli and Apostol-Euler polynomials, whereby two new q-difference operators and the NOVA q-addition play key roles. The definitions of the new polynomials are by the generating function; like in our book, two forms, NWA and JHC are always given together with tables, symmetry relations and recurrence formulas. It is shown that the complementary argument theorems can be extended to the new polynomials as well as to some related polynomials. In order to find a certain formula, we introduce a q-logarithm. We conclude with a brief discussion of multiple q-Appell polynomials.
Efficiency Of Biomass Production – Methodological Approaches
Authors: Svetlanská Tatiana , Turčeková Natália , Adamičková Izabela 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The article investigates methodological approaches towards economic efficiency, which may be applicable in case of biomass production with emphasis on agricultural biomass production – energy crops. The selected methods are: parametric stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA), which are suitable for efficiency measurement in agriculture. The study is organized in four sections. Introduction provides brief report on issues related to biomass production and term efficiency. Both methods (models) are shortly described in the material and methods chapter. In this part, bio-economy efficiency is shortly depicted as a modification of environmental efficiency. The results and discussion part explains limitations of models, inputs and outputs in terms of biomass production. The conclusion sums up the application of models. The results suggest the use of SFA on sector level and the use of DEA on farm level or regions basis.
Transformation To Eco-Friendly Consumer Goods Production And Sustainable Growth: A Case Of Uzbekistan
Authors: Abdirashidov Ashirali 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to analyse consumers’ behaviour, their attitudes towards eco-friendly products in conditions of Uzbekistan and identify any optimal solutions based on European experience. In definition of sustainable growth, along with other equally important aims of continuing development one may include the preservation of diverse eco-systems of a country. Giving up the nature for the sake of fast growth might lead to undesirable consequences, very much of it being experienced in wide range of emerging countries. One is government's efforts to encourage the standards with ecologically oriented quality control procedures by providing subsidies. There also might be protective measures limiting the waste produced by enterprises. This approach is called top-down approach. The other way is the bottom-up approach, where impact on consumers is created by state media or planned policy strategy promoting production of eco-friendly products. In my view, this is the long-term and most efficient approach where the desired result is achieved by the demand side.