bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attention deficits and hyperactivity–impulsivity: What have we learned, what next?
Authors: Nigg Joel T. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe domains of self-regulation, self-control, executive function, inattention, and impulsivity cut across broad swathes of normal and abnormal development. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a common syndrome that encompasses a portion of these domains. In the past 25 years research on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder has been characterized by dramatic advances in genetic, neural, and neuropsychological description of the syndrome as well as clarification of its multidimensional phenotypic structure. The limited clinical applicability of these research findings poses the primary challenge for the next generation. It is likely that clinical breakthroughs will require further refinement in describing heterogeneity or clinical/biological subgroups, renewed focus on the environment in the form of etiological events as well as psychosocial contexts of development, and integration of both with biological understanding.
“I can, therefore I must”: Fragility in the upper-middle classes
Authors: Luthar Suniya S. , Barkin Samuel H. , Crossman Elizabeth J. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe review evidence on a group recently identified as “at risk,” that is, youth in upwardly mobile, upper-middle class community contexts. These youngsters are statistically more likely than normative samples to show serious disturbance across several domains including drug and alcohol use, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems. Extant data on these problems are reviewed with attention to gender-specific patterns, presenting quantitative developmental research findings along with relevant evidence across other disciplines. In considering possible reasons for elevated maladjustment, we appraise multiple pathways, including aspects of family dynamics, peer norms, pressures at schools, and policies in higher education. All of these pathways are considered within the context of broad, exosystemic mores: the pervasive emphasis, in contemporary American culture, on maximizing personal status, and how this can threaten the well-being of individuals and of communities. We then discuss issues that warrant attention in future research. The paper concludes with suggestions for interventions at multiple levels, targeting youth, parents, educators, as well as policymakers, toward reducing pressures and maximizing positive adaptation among “privileged but pressured” youth and their families.
The developmental psychopathology of alcohol use and alcohol disorders: Research achievements and future directions
Authors: Chassin Laurie , Sher Kenneth J. , Hussong Andrea , Curran Patrick 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe last 25 years have seen significant advances in our conceptualization of alcohol use and alcohol use disorders within a developmental framework, along with advances in our empirical understanding that have been potentiated by advances in quantitative methods. These include advances in understanding the heterogeneity of trajectories of alcohol outcomes; new insights about early childhood antecedents, and adolescence and emerging adulthood as important developmental periods for alcohol outcomes; a more nuanced understanding of the influences of developmental transitions, and their timing and contexts; a greater appreciation for the importance of considering multiple levels of analysis (including an increasing number of genetically informative studies); a continuing focus on studying multiple pathways underlying alcohol outcomes; and an increasing focus on studying the effects of alcohol exposure on future development. The current paper reviews these advances and suggests directions for future study.
Prefixal agreement and impersonal ‘il’ in Spoken French: Experimental evidence
Authors: CULBERTSON JENNIFER , LEGENDRE GÉRALDINE 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTIn Spoken Continental French, the subject cliticilcan in some cases be dropped – for example in certain impersonal construction (e.g.faut que‘is necessary that’). This phenomenon is of particular interest in the context of claims that this variety of French is in fact a null subject language, with subject clitics acting as agreement affixes rather than true arguments (e.g. Roberge, 1990; Auger, 1994; Culbertson, 2010, among others). Under this view, theilin impersonals (and other constructions with less than fully referential subjects) is likewise an agreement marker, which can be dropped under some circumstances. Here we report the results of a controlled acceptability judgement task designed to probe features which affect the availability ofil-drop. Our findings suggest that verb frequency, subcategorisation by the verb for a quasi-argument vs. true expletive, and modal vs. non-modal status influenceil-drop. We discuss implications of this variation for an analysis of subject clitics as agreement affixes in Spoken French.
Leaving antegrade pulmonary blood flow results in reversal of flow in the azygous vein and decompression of the cavopulmonary circulation: mechanism of cyanosis defined with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Anwar Shafkat , Whitehead Kevin K. , Harris Matthew A. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe report the case of a 2.5-year-old patient with single-ventricle physiology who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance study for cyanosis after Kawashima operation. Magnetic resonance imaging study showed a veno-venous collateral redirecting systemic venous flow, responsible for cyanosis.
Pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum with transposed arterial trunks
Authors: Gupta Saurabh Kumar , Anderson Robert H. , Kothari Shyam S. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe report a case of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, but in the setting of transposed great arteries, and thus the left rather than the right ventricle was hypoplastic.
Cor triatriatum dexter and coarctation of the aorta – a rare association in a 7-year-old child with type 1 neurofibromatosis
Authors: Omeje Ikenna , Christov Georgi , Khambadkone Sachin , Hsia Tain-Yen 
Published: December 2013

AbstractCor triatriatum dexter is an extremely rare congenital anomaly of the right atrium. It occurs because of the persistence of the right sinus venosus valve, resulting in partitioning of the right atrium. Most of the described cases of cor triatriatum dexter in the literature were incidental findings on echocardiogram or at necropsy.We present a case report of a 7-year-old girl who was referred to us for further assessment, with a possible diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta. Initial investigations confirmed not only the presence of a long segment coarctation of the aorta, but also a large obstructive membrane in the right atrium.A catheter intervention was performed to stent the coarctation segment, and the fibro-muscular shelf in the right atrium was surgically resected.
Generating explanations for biomedical queries
Authors: ERDEM ESRA , OZTOK UMUT 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe introduce novel mathematical models and algorithms to generate (shortest or k different) explanations for biomedical queries, using answer set programming. We implement these algorithms and integrate them in BioQuery-ASP. We illustrate the usefulness of these methods with some complex biomedical queries related to drug discovery, over the biomedical knowledge resources PharmGKB, DrugBank, BioGRID, CTD, SIDER, Disease Ontology, and Orphadata.
Epidemiology in a changing world: implications for population-based research on mental disorders
Authors: Cooper B. 
Published: December 2013

Introduction and objectives.Population-based research on mental disorders needs to keep pace with trends in general epidemiology. At present, this requirement is complicated by uncertainty within the parent discipline about its future development. The present study examines proposals for new directions in strategy and methods and considers their significance for psychiatric epidemiology.Method.Narrative review, cross-checked by search of English-language journals of epidemiology for new trends and developments reported in the years from 2000 onwards.Results.The proposals reviewed here are divided into three groups:
1.A new research paradigm of ‘eco-epidemiology’, which includes both individual risk factors and macro-environmental systems that mediate population levels of health and sickness.2.Improved ‘translation’ of research findings – i.e. more rapid and effective implementation of epidemiological evidence into health policy and practice.3.Adaptation of epidemiology to a globalised economy, with firmer regulation of funding and resources.Conclusions.Each of these proposals has implications for psychiatric epidemiology. Workers in this field, however, are still preoccupied by relatively specific problems of definition, measurement and classification, and so far the current debates in general epidemiology are scarcely reflected. The proposals outlined above call for:
•a working model of eco-epidemiology as it relates to psychiatric disorders;•implementation strategies to encourage more active participation in epidemiological research by community health services and caregiver organisations;•international collaborative projects that offer practical benefits in training and service facilities for the countries taking part.
Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms among Spanish Adolescents: Prevalence and Association with Depressive and Anxious Symptoms
Authors: Noorian Zahra , Granero Roser , Ferreira Estrella , Romero-Acosta Kelly , Domenèch-Llaberia Edelmira 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe present study examines the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in a population 1,061 adolescents (mean age 13.92) in Spain. The association between OCS and anxiety symptoms severity (panic attacks, separation anxiety, social phobia, generalized anxiety and school phobia) and depressive symptom severity has also been studied. Two distinct groups of subjects were defined and analyzed as being ‘positive’ on the obsessive-compulsive screen: The first group (calledHigh interference) included all of the subjects who scored 25 or more in Leyton Obsessional Inventory-Child Version (LOI-CV) interference score regardless of symptom presence score, and the second group (labeledHigh symptom presence)consisted of all subjects with a symptom presence score equal to or above 15 and an interference score of 10 or less. Females scored higher than did males both on the symptom presence and interference scores. Forty- one subjects (3.9%) showed an interference score of 25 or more (high interference group) while eight students (0.8%) were included in the high symptom presence group. The most prevalent and interfering symptoms were: fussy about hands, hating dirt and contamination and going over things a lot. In addition, the association between LOI and depressive symptom severity was significant, while the association between LOI and anxiety symptoms severity was insignificant.
High individual consistency in fear of humans throughout the adult lifespan of rural and urban burrowing owls
Authors: Carrete Martina , Tella José L. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractHuman-induced rapid environmental changes challenge individuals by creating evolutionarily novel scenarios, where species encounter novel enemies, the new species sometimes being humans themselves. However, little is known about how individuals react to human presence, specifically whether they are able to habituate to human presence, as frequently assumed, or are selected based on their fear of humans. We tested whether fear of humans (measured as flight initiation distance in a diurnal owl) is reduced through habituation to human presence (plasticity) or whether it remains unchanged throughout the individuals' life. Results show an unusually high level of individual consistency in fear of humans throughout the adult lifespan of both rural (r = 0.96) and urban (r = 0.90) birds, lending no support to habituation. Further research should assess the role of inter-individual variability in fear of humans in shaping the distribution of individuals and species in an increasingly humanized world.
A combination of SILAC and nucleotide acyl phosphate labelling reveals unexpected targets of the Rsk inhibitor BI-D1870
Authors: Edgar Alexander J. , Trost Matthias , Watts Colin , Zaru Rossana 
Published: December 2013

Protein kinase inhibitors frequently have interesting effects that cannot be fully ascribed to the intended target kinase(s) but identifying additional targets that might explain the effects is not straightforward. By comparing two different inhibitors of the Rsk (p90 ribosomal S6 kinase) kinases, we found that the increasingly used compound BI-D1870 had biological effects in murine DCs (dendritic cells) that could not be solely ascribed to Rsk or other documented targets. We assessed the ability of BI-D1870 and a second Rsk inhibitor, BIX 02565 to protect enzyme active sites from reaction with biotinylated nucleotide acyl phosphates. Using SILAC (stable isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture)-labelled DC lysates as a source of enzyme targets, we identify several kinases that interact with BI-D1870 but not with BIX 02565. We confirmed that these kinases, including Slk, Lok and Mst1, are inhibited by BI-D1870 but to a much lesser extent by BIX 02565 and that phosphorylation of some of their substrates is blocked by BI-D1870 in living cells. Our results suggest that the BI-D1870 inhibitor should be used with caution. The SILAC-based methodology we used should be useful for further comparative unbiased profiling of the target spectrum of kinase inhibitors with interesting biological effects under conditions that closely mimic those found in cells.
Design of lowpass filter using novel stepped impedance resonator
Authors: Dehghani K. , Karimi G. , Lalbakhsh A. , Maki S.V. 
Published: December 2013

A new type of lowpass filter with an ultra‐wide stopband, sharp transition and compact size is proposed. To reduce the circuit size, a bended transmission line is adopted in the stepped impedance resonators. To achieve a sharp roll‐off, a pendulum‐shaped resonator is implemented in the filter. The transition band is from 1.30 to 1.45 GHz with −3 and −20 dB, respectively. The stopband with an attenuation level better than 20 dB is from 1.45 up to 23.4 GHz, hence an ultra‐wide stopband with 18th‐harmonic suppression is achieved. Furthermore, the proposed filter exhibits an extremely small size of 0.09λg × 0.11λg where λg is the guided wavelength at the cutoff frequency.
Alloreactive cytotoxic T cells provide means to decipher the immunopeptidome and reveal a plethora of tumor-associated self-epitopes
Authors: Kumari Shraddha , Wälchli Sébastien , Fallang Lars-Egil , Yang Weiwen , Lund-Johansen Fridtjof , Schumacher Ton N. , Olweus Johanna 
Published: December 2013

Significance
T cells recognize fragments of cellular peptides when presented at the cell surface by HLA molecules. Knowledge of which peptides derived from cellular proteins that are available at the cell surface for T-cell recognition is central to our understanding of T-cell tolerance and immunity. Here, we used alloreactive T cells as tools for detection of self-peptides bound to foreign HLA-A2. Our results indicate that the self-immunopeptidome is far more diverse than previously estimated. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that such self-peptides represent highly attractive targets for T-cell–based cancer immunotherapy.
A mechanism for retromer endosomal coat complex assembly with cargo
Authors: Harrison Megan S. , Hung Chia-Sui , Liu Ting-ting , Christiano Romain , Walther Tobias C. , Burd Christopher G. 
Published: December 2013

Significance
The endosomal system is a network of organelles that play key roles in nutrient uptake, protein and lipid sorting, and signal transduction. Integral membrane proteins are delivered to endosomes via trafficking from the plasma membrane and the secretory pathway, and many of these proteins are then returned from the endosome for reuse. The selection and packaging of many integral membrane proteins into transport carriers that export cargo from the endosome requires a protein complex called “retromer,” whose function protects organisms from metabolic defects, Charcot–Marie–Tooth neuropathy 2B, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. We elucidate the minimal requirements for targeting of retromer to the endosome membrane and show that this mechanism facilitates retromer recognition of a cargo protein.
Hiatal Hernia Repair with or without Esophageal Lengthening
Authors: Puri Varun , Jacobsen Kyle , Bell Jennifer M. , Crabtree Traves D. , Kreisel Daniel , Krupnick Alexander S. , Patterson G. Alexander , Meyers Bryan F. 
Published: December 2013

Objective The need for esophageal lengthening (EL) as part of hiatal hernia (HH) repair is perceived to elevate perioperative risk and provide functionally inferior outcomes. Our objectives were to determine the risk factors of undergoing EL and to compare outcomes between operations with and without EL. We hypothesized that operative and functional outcomes for HH repair were similar in patients whether they required EL or not. Methods We reviewed institutional experience with EL as part of HH repair. The patients underwent symptom evaluation before and after surgery using a validated tool. Results Between 1999 and 2009, a total of 375 patients underwent HH repair. The operative approach was thoracotomy, 153 (41%); laparotomy, 18 (5%); laparoscopy, 167 (44%); or combined, 37 (10%). Of these, 168 (45%) required EL. There was a higher need for thoracotomy in the patients undergoing EL (79/168 vs 74/207, χ2 = 4.88, P = 0.034). The incidence of perioperative complications (leak, pneumonia, ileus, respiratory failure, and bleeding) was similar between the groups. Sixty-five selected patients undergoing EL were compared with 63 patients with comparable demographics not requiring EL. In a well-validated questionnaire that assessed symptoms before and after surgery, the patients undergoing EL showed significant improvement in their heartburn (76.8%), dysphagia (67.6%), regurgitation (71.7%), chest pain (91.9%), and nausea (86.5%) ( P < 0.05). The patients not undergoing EL also showed significant improvement in their heartburn (81.1%), dysphagia (71.1%), regurgitation (64.4%), chest pain (64.1%), and nausea (61.0%) ( P < 0.05). Improvement in symptoms, the continued use of antacid medications, and overall surgery satisfaction score were statistically similar between the two groups. Conclusions Operative and functional outcomes for HH repair with or without EL are acceptable and comparable. Thoracic surgeons should use EL without reservations for appropriate indications.
Implantable Loop Recorders after Atrial Ablation
Authors: Schlingloff Friederike , Oberhoffer Martin M. , Quasdorff Ines , Schmoeckel Michael , Geidel Stephan 
Published: December 2013

Objective Recent data suggest continuous monitoring by implanted loop recorder (ILR) to be the criterion standard for rhythm surveillance after atrial ablation. Studies describing patient compliance and pitfalls in the perioperative period are lacking. It was the aim of this study to evaluate patient compliance and time invested by physicians for obtaining data during the follow-up period after implanting an ILR. Methods We prospectively collected data of 70 consecutive patients undergoing concomitant cardiac surgery, atrial ablation, and implantation of an ILR. Patient compliance was calculated as the ratio of incoming/expected data transmission. We documented total time spent by physicians with preoperative and postoperative supervision. Results Between February 2012 and February 2013, a total of 70 patients had an ILR implanted; 49 of 70 patients were eligible for evaluation of data at 3-month follow-up. The ratio of incoming/ expected data transmission was 12/49 (24%). The mean ± SD time spent with ILR-related issues during hospital stay was 88 ± 19 minutes. Assessment of incoming data and information of the patient and the general practitioner took 132 ± 13 minutes per patient. Overall, a mean ± SD of 220 ± 16 minutes per patient was needed for appropriate data acquisition, from implantation to first data transmission. Conclusions In the patients having an ILR after surgical atrial ablation, initial compliance regarding data transmission was low. A substantial time effort was necessary to obtain sufficient data on cardiac rhythm. Device-related complications were observed. Patient selection should therefore be handled with care. Beneficial therapeutic decisions can be expected only when reliable data are obtained by efficient management.
Defining the Learning Curve for Robotic-Assisted Endoscopic Harvesting of the Left Internal Mammary Artery
Authors: Hemli Jonathan M. , Henn Lucas W. , Panetta Christopher R. , Suh Jenny S. , Shukri Scott R. , Jennings Joan M. , Fontana Gregory P. , Patel Nirav C. 
Published: December 2013

Objective Robotic-assisted techniques are continuing to cement their role in coronary surgery, particularly in facilitating the endoscopic harvesting of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA), regardless of how the subsequent bypass grafting is performed. As more surgeons attempt to become trained in robotic-assisted procedures, we sought to better define the learning curve associated with robotic-assisted endoscopic LIMA harvest. Methods Between January 2011 and July 2012, a total of 77 patients underwent robotic-assisted minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery at our institution. The LIMA was harvested endoscopically in all patients, using standard robotic instruments, followed by direct grafting to anterior wall myocardial vessels via a small thoracotomy. Intraoperative times for various components of the procedure were collated and analyzed. Results The mean ± SD time taken to insert and position the ports for the robotic instruments was 3.9 ± 1.4 minutes. The mean ± SD LIMA harvest time was 31.8 ± 10.1 minutes, and the mean ± SD total robotic time was 44.2 ± 12.9 minutes. All time variables consistently continued to decrease as the experience of the operating surgeon increased, with the greatest magnitude of improvement being evident within the first 20 cases. The logarithmic learning curves for LIMA harvest time and total robot time during our entire experience were both calculated as 90%, correlating to an expected 10% improvement in performance for each doubling of cases completed. Conclusions Coronary surgeons can rapidly become proficient in robotic-assisted endoscopic LIMA harvest, with significant improvement in operative times evident within the first 20 cases completed. These data may be useful in designing appropriate training programs for newer surgeons seeking to gain experience in robotic-assisted coronary surgery.