bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of wobbling angle on the stability measures of orthodontic mini-implants during insertion and removal procedures
Authors: Cho Il-Sik , Baek Sang-Ho , Kim Young Ho 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To investigate the effects of wobbling angle on the stability measures of orthodontic mini-implants (OMIs) during insertion and removal procedures in artificial bone blocks.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 36 OMIs (self-drilling type, cylindrical shape, 7 mm in length, 1.45 mm in diameter) were allocated into three groups according to the amount of wobbling angle (W-0°, W-2°, and W-4° groups; N = 12 per group). The OMIs were installed and subsequently removed from artificial bone blocks (Sawbone) using a driving torque tester with a uniform speed of 28 rpm. Insertion peak time (IPT), maximum insertion torque (MIT), total insertion energy (TIE), near-peak insertion energy (NPIE), maximum removal torque (MRT), and near-peak removal energy (NPRE) were measured.

Results:
The W-4° group showed the longest IPT and highest TIE and NPIE, followed by the W-2° and W-0° groups (W-0° &lt; W-2° &lt; W-4°, all P &lt; .001). The W-2° and W-4° groups showed significant increase in MIT compared with the W-0° group (W-0° &lt; [W-4°,W-2°]; P &lt; .001). Although there was no significant difference in NPRE among the three groups, the W-4° group showed a decrease in MRT compared with the W-0° and W-2° groups (W-4° &lt; {W-2°,W-0°]; P &lt; .05). Although the W-4° group showed a 14.5% (2.9 Ncm) increase in MIT compared with the W-0° group, there was only a 6% (1.3 Ncm) decrease in MRT from the W-0° group to the W-4° group.

Conclusion:
Slight wobbling during the OMI insertion procedure may be acceptable in terms of the stability measures of OMIs during insertion and removal procedures.
Identification of a non-canonical nuclear localization signal (NLS) in BRCA1 that could mediate nuclear localization of splice variants lacking the classical NLS
Authors: Korlimarla Aruna , Bhandary Lekhana , Prabhu Jyothi , Shankar Hema , Sankaranarayanan Hari , Kumar Pravin , Remacle Jose , Natarajan Dipa , Sridhar T. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe breast cancer type 1 susceptibility gene (BRCA1) is a tumor suppressor gene, mutations or loss of which lead to genomic instability and breast cancer. BRCA1 protein is part of a large multi-protein complex involved in a variety of DNA repair and transcription regulatory functions. At least four splice variants have been described and these differ in their function and tissue and spatio-temporal expression patterns. Structural analysis has revealed the presence of two nuclear localization signals (NLS) located in exon 11 of BRCA1. Interestingly, a splice variant of the protein that lacks both of the known NLS still manages to gain entry to the nucleus. While there is experimental proof for the translocation of these proteins by binding to other established nuclear proteins, we examined the possibility of a hitherto unidentified NLS in this particular variant. In this paper, we present evidence for the existence of a previously unreported non-canonical NLS contained within the first 39 amino acids of exon 11. A fusion protein with this 39mer and a reporter green fluorescent protein translocated into the nucleus when it was expressed in breast epithelial cells. We demonstrate the presence of a hitherto unreported noncanonical NLS in exon 11a of BRCA1. This NLS might aid proteins that were encoded by splice variants and lack the canonical NLS to localize to the nucleus.
Enhancement of wound closure in diabetic mice by ex vivo expanded cord blood CD34+ cells
Authors: Chotinantakul Kamonnaree , Dechsukhum Chavaboon , Dejjuy Duangnapa , Leeanansaksiri Wilairat 
Published: May 2013

AbstractDiabetes can impair wound closure, which can give rise to major clinical problems. Most treatments for wound repair in diabetes remain ineffective. This study aimed to investigate the influence on wound closure of treatments using expanded human cord blood CD34+ cells (CB-CD34+ cells), freshly isolated CB-CD34+ cells and a cytokine cocktail. The test subjects were mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Wounds treated with fresh CB-CD34+ cells showed more rapid repair than mice given the PBS control. Injection of expanded CB-CD34+ cells improved wound closure significantly, whereas the injection of the cytokine cocktail alone did not improve wound repair. The results also demonstrated a significant decrease in epithelial gaps and advanced re-epithelialization over the wound bed area after treatment with either expanded CB-CD34+ cells or freshly isolated cells compared with the control. In addition, treatments with both CB-CD34+ cells and the cytokine cocktail were shown to promote recruitment of CD31+-endothelial cells in the wounds. Both the CB-CD34+ cell population and the cytokine treatments also enhanced the recruitment of CD68-positive cells in the early stages (day 3) of treatment compared with PBS control, although the degree of this enhancement was found to decline in the later stages (day 9). These results demonstrated that expanded CB-CD34+ cells or freshly isolated CB-CD34+ cells could accelerate wound repair by increasing the recruitment of macrophages and capillaries and the reepithelialization over the wound bed area. Our data suggest an effective role in wound closure for both ex vivo expanded CB-CD34+ cells and freshly isolated cells, and these may serve as therapeutic options for wound treatment for diabetic patients. Wound closure acceleration by expanded CB-CD34+ cells also breaks the insufficient quantity obstacle of stem cells per unit of cord blood and other stem cell sources, which indicates a broader potential for autologous transplantation.
First report of Trichinella pseudospiralis in Poland, in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)
Authors: Moskwa Bożena , Goździk Katarzyna , Bień Justyna , Borecka Anna , Gawor Jakub , Cabaj Władysław 
Published: May 2013

AbstractNematode worms of the genus Trichinella are one of the most widespread zoonotic pathogens. Natural transmission between hosts can only occur through the ingestion of infected meat. To date, two Trichinella species are known to be etiological agents of disease among domestic animals and wildlife in Poland: T. spiralis and T. britovi. In the last decades, since the administration of an oral vaccination against rabies, the red fox population in Poland has increased exponentially. The study area covers the Nowy Targ region: a mountainous area (585–1138 m above the sea) in southern Poland. Of 24 red foxes examined in the study, four were infected with Trichinella isolates: three were identified as T. britovi and one as T. pseudospiralis. The muscle of red foxes infected with T. britovi harboured 2.75, 3.11, 4.4 LPG and with T. pseudospiralis 0.36 LPG. Trichinella larvae were identified at species level by genomic and mitochondrial multiplex PCR, the products of which were sequenced for comparison with other sequences available in GenBank. The sequences obtained from the Polish T. pseudospiralis isolate, deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers JQ809660.1 and JQ809661.1, matched sequences already published in GenBank. Sequence comparison showed a 100% match with the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene of T. pseudospiralis isolate ISS 013, and a 96–95% match with those of T. pseudospiralis isolates ISS 141 and ISS 470. This is the first report of the identification of T. pseudospiralis larvae from red fox in Poland.
Spatio-temporal variation in the prevalence of trematodes in the bivalve Perumytilus purpuratus
Authors: Muñoz Gabriela , Torres Pamela , Valdés Javiera , Rodríguez Alejandra 
Published: May 2013

AbstractPerumytilus purpuratus is an abundant bivalve located in the intertidal rocky zone of South America that has been considered as a key species of the ecosystem. There are few studies of the host-parasite relationship of this bivalve; thus, this research aims to analyse the spatial and temporal variation in the prevalence of trematodes in P. purpuratus. Bivalves were collected from three localities (El Tabo, Las Cruces and Montemar) of central Chile (33°S, 71°W) during different seasons of 2010. The bivalves were also collected every metre, from the lowest to the highest level of the intertidal rocky zone, to determine the parasite distribution within the localities. Three species of trematodes as sporocyst stages were found: Prosorhynchoides carvajali, Proctoeces sp. and an undetermined fellodistomid species. Of the 37,692 bivalve specimens collected, 2.68% were parasitised. The undetermined fellodistomid species was the most prevalent parasite observed (1.69%). There were little detected differences in the prevalence of some trematode species between seasons. The prevalence of P. carvajali varied between localities, being most prevalent at Montemar. The distribution of trematodes along the rocky zone within the localities was variable, with P. carvajali being more prevalent in the mid-lowest level of the intertidal zone and the undetermined fellodistomid species being more prevalent in the mid-highest level. Both the abundance of definitive hosts and the environmental conditions likely result in different levels of infection by trematodes in P. purpuratus between and within the localities.
Excretory/secretory products of Fasciola hepatica but not recombinant phosphoglycerate kinase induce death of human hepatocyte cells
Authors: Bąska Piotr , Norbury Luke , Wiśniewski Marcin , Januszkiewicz Kamil , Wędrychowicz Halina 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe liver fluke Fasciola hepatica infects a wide range of hosts, and has a considerable impact on the agriculture industry, mainly through infections of sheep and cattle. Further, human infection is now considered of public health importance and is hyperendemic in some regions. The fluke infection causes considerable damage to the hosts’ liver. However, the mechanisms of liver destruction have not yet been completely elucidated. In the present report we incubated a human liver cell line in the presence of either F. hepatica excretory/secretory material (FhES) or recombinant phosphoglycerate kinase (FhPGK). Dosedependent cytotoxicity in the presence of FhES was observed, indicating that FhES is capable of killing human hepatocytes, supporting a role for FhES in damaging host liver cells during infection; while treatment with a recombinant intracellular protein — FhPGK, had no impact on cell survival.
Antonius Balthazar Raymundus Hirsch and the peregrination of “gasserian ganglion”
Authors: Sonig Ashish , Thakur Jai , Grass Monica , Khan Imad Saeed , Gandhi Viraj , Nanda Anil 
Published: May 2013

The anatomical description of the fifth cranial nerve ganglion lacked detail before the work of Antonius Balthazar Raymundus Hirsch (1744–1778). Hirsch used new dissection techniques that resulted in the most meticulous report of the trigeminal ganglion (the gasserian ganglion) to have been reported. In 1765, the 21-year-old published these findings in a thesis, Paris Quinti Nervorum Encephali Disquisitio Anatomica In Quantum Ad Ganglion Sibi Proprium, Semilunare, Et Ad Originem Nervi Intercostalis Pertinet [An anatomical inquiry of the fifth pair of the nerves of the brain, so far as it relates to the ganglion unto itself, the semilunar, and to the source of the intercostal nerve].
Hirsch wrote his thesis as a paean to his ailing teacher, Johann Lorenz Gasser, but Gasser died before Hirsch was able to defend his thesis. Thereafter, Hirsch applied to teach anatomy at his alma mater, the University of Vienna, but the university did not consider his application, deeming him too young for the position. Oddly, Hirsch died at the young age of 35. For the present paper, the library at the University of Vienna (Universität Wien), Austria, was contacted, and Anton Hirsch's thesis was digitized and subsequently translated from Latin into English. The authors here attempt to place the recognition of the fifth cranial nerve ganglion within a historical perspective and trace the trajectory of its anatomical descriptions.
Cerebral microarteriovenous malformations: a series of 28 cases
Authors: Alén José F. , Lagares Alfonso , Paredes Igor , Campollo Jorge , Navia Pedro , Ramos Ana , Lobato Ramiro D. 
Published: May 2013

Object
Microarteriovenous malformations (micro-AVMs) are a rare subgroup of brain AVMs characterized by a nidus smaller than 1 cm. The authors' purpose in this study was to assess the clinical presentation, radiological features, therapeutic management, and outcome of these lesions.

Methods
All angiography studies performed at the authors' institution since 2000 for the diagnosis of AVM were retrospectively reviewed. Clinicoradiological findings, therapeutic management, and outcome were evaluated.

Results
Twenty-eight patients had presented with AVMs having a nidus diameter smaller than 1 cm or no clearly identifiable nidus but an early draining vein. All patients, except 2, presented with intracranial hemorrhage, and 12 patients had a focal deficit. Supratentorial hematomas were large (mean volume 25 ml), and in 8 patients hematomas were evacuated urgently. In 6 patients cerebral digital subtraction angiography studies were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic MR angiography revealed an AVM in 4 of these 6 patients. Treatment of the AVM consisted of surgery in 16 cases, radiosurgery in 6, and endovascular embolization in 2, and there were no posttreatment deficits. Four patients received no treatment because of their poor condition. The AVM was occluded at the follow-up in all patients treated with surgery or embolization and in 4 of the 6 patients treated with radiosurgery. The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score was good (GOS 4–5) in 23 patients (82%) and poor (GOS 3–2) in 5 (18%).

Conclusions
Patients with micro-AVMs generally present with large intracranial hemorrhages and neurological deficits. If the initial angiography is negative, then delayed or superselective angiography is recommended. Magnetic resonance imaging may reveal the existence of these lesions. Surgery is the treatment of choice for superficial micro-AVMs, and radiosurgery or embolization can be considered for deep lesions.
Survival among patients with 10 or more brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Rava Paul , Leonard Kara , Sioshansi Shirin , Curran Bruce , Wazer David E. , Cosgrove G. Rees , Norén Georg , Hepel Jaroslaw T. 
Published: May 2013

Object
The goal of this study was to evaluate outcomes in patients with ≥ 10 CNS metastases treated with Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GK-SRS).

Methods
Patients with ≥ 10 brain metastases treated using GK-SRS during the period between 2004 and 2010 were identified. Overall survival and local and regional control as well as necrosis rates were determined. The influence of age, sex, histological type, extracranial metastases, whole-brain radiation therapy, and number of brain metastases was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate (log-rank) analyses were performed, with a p value of < 0.05 considered significant.

Results
Fifty-three patients with ≥ 10 brain metastases were treated between 2004 and 2010. All had a Karnofsky Performance Status score of ≥ 70. Seventy-two percent had either non–small cell lung cancer (38%) or breast cancer (34%); melanoma, small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and testicular, colon, and ovarian cancer contributed the remaining 28%. On average, 10.9 lesions were treated in a single session. Sixty-four percent of patients received prior whole-brain radiation therapy. The median survival was 6.5 months. One-year overall survival was 42% versus 14% when comparing breast cancer and other histological types, respectively (p = 0.074). Age, extracranial metastases, number of brain metastases, and previous CNS radiation therapy were not significant prognostic factors. Although the median time to local failure was not reached, the median time to regional failure was 3 months. Female sex was associated with longer time to regional failure (p = 0.004), as was breast cancer histological type (p = 0.089). No patient experienced symptomatic necrosis.

Conclusions
Patients with ≥ 10 brain metastases who received prior CNS radiation can safely undergo repeat treatment with GK-SRS. With median survival exceeding 6 months, aggressive local treatment remains an option; however, rapid CNS failure is to be expected. Although numbers are limited, patients with breast cancer represent one group of individuals who would benefit most, with prolonged survival and extended time to CNS recurrence.
Complement polymorphisms and cognitive dysfunction after carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Heyer Eric J. , Kellner Christopher P. , Malone Hani R. , Bruce Samuel S. , Mergeche Joanna L. , Ward Justin T. , Connolly E. Sander 
Published: May 2013

Object
The role of genetic polymorphisms in the neurological outcome of patients after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) remains unclear. There are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that predispose patients to postoperative cognitive dysfunction (CD). We aim to assess the predictability of three complement cascade-related SNPs for CD in patients having CEAs.

Methods
In 252 patients undergoing CEA, genotyping was performed for the following polymorphisms: complement component 5 (C5) rs17611, mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) rs7096206, and complement factor H (CFH) rs1061170. Differences among genotypes were analyzed via the chi-square test. Patients were evaluated with a neuropsychometric battery for CD 1 day and 1 month after CEA. A multiple logistic regression model was created. All variables with univariate p < 0.20 were included in the final model.

Results
The C5 genotypes A/G (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.11–0.60, p = 0.002) and G/G (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.09–0.52, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with lower odds of exhibiting CD at 1 day after CEA compared with A/A. The CFH genotypes C/T (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.69–6.92, p < 0.001) and C/C (OR 3.67, 95% CI 1.30–10.06, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with higher odds of exhibiting CD at 1 day after CEA compared with T/T. Statin use was also significantly associated with lower odds of exhibiting CD at 1 day after CEA (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.22–0.84, p = 0.01). No SNPs were significantly associated with CD at 1 month after CEA.

Conclusions
The presence of a deleterious allele in the C5 and CFH SNPs may predispose patients to exhibit CD after CEA. This finding supports previous data demonstrating that the complement cascade system may play an important role in the development of CD. These findings warrant further investigation.
Radiographic and clinical evaluation of cage subsidence after stand-alone lateral interbody fusion
Authors: Marchi Luis , Abdala Nitamar , Oliveira Leonardo , Amaral Rodrigo , Coutinho Etevaldo , Pimenta Luiz 
Published: May 2013

Object
Indirect decompression of the neural structures through interbody distraction and fusion in the lumbar spine is feasible, but cage subsidence may limit maintenance of the initial decompression. The influence of interbody cage size on subsidence and symptoms in minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion is heretofore unreported. The authors report the rate of cage subsidence after lateral interbody fusion, examine the clinical effects, and present a subsidence classification scale.

Methods
The study was performed as an institutional review board–approved prospective, nonrandomized, comparative, single-center radiographic and clinical evaluation. Stand-alone short-segment (1- or 2-level) lateral lumbar interbody fusion was investigated with 12 months of postoperative follow-up. Two groups were compared. Forty-six patients underwent treatment at 61 lumbar levels with standard interbody cages (18 mm anterior/posterior dimension), and 28 patients underwent treatment at 37 lumbar levels with wide cages (22 mm). Standing lateral radiographs were used to measure segmental lumbar lordosis, disc height, and rate of subsidence. Subsidence was classified using the following scale: Grade 0, 0%–24% loss of postoperative disc height; Grade I, 25%–49%; Grade II, 50%–74%; and Grade III, 75%–100%. Fusion status was assessed on CT scanning, and pain and disability were assessed using the visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index. Complications and reoperations were recorded.

Results
Pain and disability improved similarly in both groups. While significant gains in segmental lumbar lordosis and disc height were observed overall, the standard group experienced less improvement due to the higher rate of interbody graft subsidence. A difference in the rate of subsidence between the groups was evident at 6 weeks (p = 0.027), 3 months (p = 0.042), and 12 months (p = 0.047). At 12 months, 70% in the standard group and 89% in the wide group had Grade 0 or I subsidence, and 30% in the standard group and 11% in wide group had Grade II or III subsidence. Subsidence was detected early (6 weeks), at which point it was correlated with transient clinical worsening, although progression of subsidence was not observed after the 6-week time point. Moreover, subsidence occurred predominantly (68%) in the inferior endplate. Fusion rate was not affected by cage dimension (p > 0.999) or by incidence of subsidence (p = 0.383).

Conclusions
Wider cages avoid subsidence and better restore segmental lordosis in stand-alone lateral interbody fusion. Cage subsidence is identified early in follow-up and can be accessed using the proposed classification scale.
Rire pour se protéger du monde
Authors: Charrin Ève 
Published: May 2013

L’ironie est devenue, dans nos démocraties occidentales, une habitude de pensée qui permet de prendre ses distances vis-à-vis d’une réalité navrante tout en gardant bonne conscience. Mais il n’en va pas de même partout, tout le temps ; il existe un cycle de l’ironie. En France sous la monarchie de Juillet, en Tunisie sous Ben Ali, elle est efficace. Peut-on retrouver cette ironie des commencements ?
Cohérences plurielles
Authors: Sabiron Jean 
Published: May 2013

Par une combinatoire d’outils langagiers adaptés aux goûts et besoins des étudiants de sciences, élaborés régulièrement sous le nom d’ACADEME, on parvient à faire de l’enseignement de l’anglais à ces « non-spécialistes » l’instrument d’une vraie progression intellectuelle et humaine.
Total Parenteral Nutrition–Associated Lamina Propria Inflammation in Mice Is Mediated by a MyD88-Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Miyasaka Eiichi A. , Feng Yongjia , Poroyko Valeriy , Falkowski Nicole R. , Erb-Downward John , Gillilland Merritt G. , Mason Katie L. , Huffnagle Gary B. , Teitelbaum Daniel H. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Enteral nutrient deprivation via total parenteral nutrition (TPN) administration leads to local mucosal inflammatory responses, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Wild-type (WT) and MyD88−/− mice underwent jugular vein cannulation. One group received TPN without chow, and controls received standard chow. After 7 d, we harvested intestinal mucosally associated bacteria and isolated small-bowel lamina propria (LP) cells. Bacterial populations were analyzed using 454 pyrosequencing. LP cells were analyzed using quantitative PCR and multicolor flow cytometry. WT, control mucosally associated microbiota were Firmicutes-dominant, whereas WT TPN mice were Proteobacteria-domiant. Similar changes were observed in MyD88−/− mice with TPN administration. UniFrac analysis showed divergent small bowel and colonic bacterial communities in controls, merging toward similar microbiota (but distinct from controls) with TPN. The percentage of LP T regulatory cells significantly decreased with TPN in WT mice. F4/80+CD11b+CD11cdull/− macrophage–derived proinflammatory cytokines significantly increased with TPN. These proinflammatory immunologic changes were significantly abrogated in MyD88−/− TPN mice. Thus, TPN administration is associated with significant expansion of Proteobacteria within the intestinal microbiota and increased proinflammatory LP cytokines. Additionally, MyD88 signaling blockade abrogated decline in epithelial cell proliferation and epithelial barrier function loss.