bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leaf anatomy of the South African Danthonieae (Poaceae). XVI. The genus <i>Urochlaena</i>
Authors: Ellis R. P. 
Published: July 2015

The leaf blade anatomy of Urochlaena pusilla Nees is described and illustrated. The transectional anatomy is non- Kranz with diffuse but uniformly distributed chlorenchyma. The abaxial epidermis has dome-shaped stomata, dumbbell­shaped silica bodies, elongated finger-like microhairs, and cushion-based macrohairs may or may not be present. This type of arundinoid anatomy closely resembles that o f Tribolium Desv., Chaetobromus Nees, Schismus Beauv., and certain species of Pentaschistis Stapf. Urochlaena pusilla is very similar to Tribolium utriculosum (Nees) Renv. in leaf anatomy and these two species appear to be closely related.
Ecology and population biology of <i>Euphorbia perangusta</i> (Euphorbiaceae) in the Transvaal, South Africa
Authors: Raal P. A. 
Published: July 2015

The conservation status of Euphorbia perangusta R. A. Dyer, an endangered plant restricted to the Marico District of the Transvaal, South Africa, and adjoining parts of Bophuthatswana was determined. The distribution, habitat and population dynamics of E. perangusta are discussed. The monitoring of the largest known population has revealed that this population has declined rapidly since the onset of a drought in 1983. The major cause of this decline appears to be the destruction of the plants by porcupines which feed on E. perangusta during droughts. It appears that, during droughts, E. perangusta is restricted to rocky ridges because there is an increase in porcupine damage on more accessible populations. The species is also subjected to other factors which reduce flower formation in a large proportion of plants. If these factors continue to operate, the species could become extinct in the near future. Conservation recommendations are discussed.
A checklist of the flowering plants and ferns of Swartboschkloof, Jonkershoek, Cape Province
Authors: Mcdonald D. J. , Morley M. 
Published: July 2015

A list of Dowering plants and ferns of Swartboschkloof is presented. This list represents a combination of species recorded in Van der Merwe (1966), Werger, Kruger Taylor (1972), McDonald (1983, 1985) and specimens collected from Swartboschkloof housed in the Government Herbarium, Stellenbosch (STE) and the Wicht Herbarium, Jonkershoek (JI ). The checklist is analysed and the flora of Swartboschkloof compared with the respective floras of Cape Hangklip and Cape Point (sensu Taylor 1985).distribution of major vegetation units or veld types in the Zuurberg National Park, situated on the eastern limits of the Fynbos Biome, is presented. Structural and floristic criteria are used to describe and map five basic units, namely Afromontane Forest, Subtropical Thicket, Mountain Fynbos, Grassy Fynbos and Grassland.
Description of a proteoid-restioid stand in Mesic Mountain Fynbos of the south-western Cape and some aspects of its ecology
Authors: Davis G. 
Published: July 2015

A description of the community and its climatic and edaphic environments is given for a stand of Mountain Fynbos vegetation codominated by Leucadendron xanthoconus and Chondropetalum hookerianum. The paper categorizes aspects of the study site either according to existing classifications, or by comparison with other fynbos systems. Comparison of rainfall and temperature data with those collected at an agricultural research station in the region indicated high variability in the spatial and temporal pattern of precipitation, and an air temperature regime which was influenced by the topography. Analysis of vegetation data revealed a species richness lower than other fynbos communities, but a species turnover of similar magnitude. A list of flowering plants and ferns found in the stand is appended. The soil of Table Mountain Group origin comprised a colluvial A -E horizon with a well defined stone-line, and residual B and C horizons of shale origin. It had low pH and nutrient status, with a high measured concentration of aluminium, especially in the B horizon.
A revision of the genus <i>Prionanthium</i> (Poaceae : Arundineae)
Authors: Davidse Gerrit 
Published: July 2015

Priononanthium revised and three species are recognized. All three species have a chromosome number of n =7. The genus is unual. in having multicellular, secretory glands on the glumes and a wide range of inflorescence types. Priononanthium is considered to be arundinoid on the basis of its leaf anatomy, ciliate ligule, spikelet morphologyand less strongly, chromosome number. Its chromosome number, multicellular glands, two florets per spikelet, type of palea and rachilla extension relate it more closely to Pentaschistis than to any other extant arundinoid genus. A fully illustrated taxonomic account is presented.
Chromosome studies on African plants. 9. Chromosome numbers in Ehrharta (Poaceae: Ehrharteae)
Authors: Spies J. J. , Saayman E. J. L. , Voges S. P. , Davidse G. 
Published: July 2015

Cytogenetic studies of 53 specimens of 14 species of the genus Ehrharta Thunb. confirmed a basic chromosome number of 12 for the genus. Chromosome numbers for 13 species are described for the first time. The highest ploidy level yet observed in the genus (2n = lOx = 120) is reported for E. villosa var. villosa. B chromosomes were observed in several specimens of four different species.
Studies in the genus <i>Riccia</i> (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 14. <i>R. concava</i> section <i>Pilifer</i>
Authors: Perold S. M. 
Published: July 2015

A historical account is given of the confusion caused by the application of the name R. concava to various taxa. A new description of the species as understood by the author is given and a comparison made with related species. Its distribution and ecology are noted.
A re-examination of the genus <i>Amphibolia</i> (Mesembryanthemaceae)
Authors: Hartmann H. E. K. 
Published: July 2015

The holotypes of all five species placed in the genus Amphibolia L. Bol. ex Toelken Jessop have been examined. Only two of them agree with the generic diagnosis, but they are not congeneric. The type species chosen by Herre is shown to be in serious conflict with the protologue and a new lectotype (A. maririma L. Bol. ex Toelken Jessop) is therefore designated. The other four species are excluded from Amphibolia.
Studies in the genus <i>Lotononis</i> (Crotalarieae, Fabaceae). 12. Four new species of the <i>L. falcata</i> group, section <i>Leptis</i>
Authors: Van Wyk B-E. 
Published: July 2015

The taxonomic position of Lotononis falcata (E. Mey.) Benth. and related species is briefly discussed. These species were previously included in the section Leptis (Eckl. Zeyh.) Benth. but new information indicates an affinity with the section Oxydium Benth. Four new species of this group are described: L. fruticoides B-E. van Wyk, L. pachycarpa Dinter ex B-E. van Wyk, L. linearifolia B-E. van Wyk and L. schreiberi B-E. van Wyk. The known geographical distribution and diagnostic characters of the new species are given.
Ascospore development in <i>Ceratocystis sensu lato</i> (Fungi): a review
Authors: Van Wyk P. W. J. , Wingfield M. J. 
Published: July 2015

Ceratocystis. Ceratocxstiopsis and Ophiostoma are important pathogens of trees and some agricultural crops and have recently been found on proteas and forest trees in South Africa. Taxonomic controversy exists regarding these genera and ultrastructural studies on the development of asci, uniquely shaped ascospores and centrum structure are inadequate. This rev iew summarises current knowledge of ascospore shape and development of the centrum obtained from light and electron microscope studies of Cemtocystis sensu lato. Important questions requiring further investigations are outlined. It is furthermore proposed that additional ultrastructural studies are required to clarify the current taxonomic disagreement in this group. Such studies could also identify relationships between these fungi and other Ascomycetes.
Studies in the genus <i>Riccia</i> (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 19. Two new species: <i>R. pulveracea</i>., section <i>Pilifer</i> and <i>R. bicolorata</i>, section <i>Riccia</i>, group ‘<i>Squamatae</i>’
Authors: Perold S. M. 
Published: July 2015

R. pulveracea, specimens of which were collected by Duthie and tentatively referred to R concava by her. is described here, following the recent collection of fresh material. This species is distinguished from other members of section Pilifer (Volk 1983) by low. generally two-celled, free-standing dorsal cell pillars, which when dry, appear powdery, hence the specific epithet. R bicolorata. section Riccia. group 'Squamatae' occurs in the Cape but is rarely collected, and is characterized by bicoloured scales, of which the wide hyaline margins are heavily encrusted with calcium deposits. It is somewhat similar to R. pottsiana, but larger, and its scales are not so regularly arranged.
Studies in the genus <i>Riccia</i> (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 21. <i>R. stricta</i>, <i>R. purpurascens</i> and <i>R. fluitans</i>, subgenus Ricciella
Authors: Perold S. M. 
Published: July 2015

Lindenberg (1836) regarded and published Riccia stricta as a variety of R. fluitans L. Subsequently, Nees (1838) and Gottsche et al. (1846) also treated it as a variety. Trevisan (1877) raised its rank and published the epithet, Ricciella stricta Trevis.Ricciella is, however, regarded as a subgenus; Ricciella stricta is, therefore, transferred to Riccia stricta (Lindenb.) Perold.It is described in detail and illustrated. R. purpurascens Lehm. Lindenb., a related endemic species, is also more fully described than before and illustrated. R. fluitans L. apparently does not occur naturally in southern Africa. As far as is known, a single local specimen of it was introduced.
Synopsis of the genera <i>Nesaea</i> and <i>Ammannia</i> (Lythraceae) in southern Africa
Authors: Immelman K. L. 
Published: July 2015

The genera Nesaea Commers. ex H.B.K. and Ammannia L. in southern Africa, which comprises Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Swaziland and Lesotho, were revised. In Nesaea, 27 species (seven new), four varieties and one new form were recognized. Ammannia was revised using the DECORANA computer program, and four species were recognized. Keys to the taxa are presented, as well as synonymy (restricted to the region), diagnoses and descriptions o f new taxa, and notes on distribution, taxonomy and nomenclature. The following taxa are new: Nesaea alata Immelman, N. angustifolia Immelman. N. cymosa Immelman, N. minima Immelman. N. sagittifolia (Sond.) Koehne var. ericiformis Koehne forma swaziensis Immelman. N. saluta Immelman, N. wardii Immelman and N. zambatidis Immelman.
Basic chromosome numbers and polyploid levels in some South African and Australian grasses (Poaceae)
Authors: Spies J. J. , Van der Merwe E. , Du Plessis H. , Saayman E. J. L. 
Published: July 2015

Chromosome numbers of 46 specimens of grasses, involving 24 taxa from South Africa and Australia, have been determined during the present study. For the first time chromosome numbers are given for Eragrostis sarmentosa (Thunb.) Trin. (n = 20). Panicum aequinerve Nees (n = 18), Digitaria argyrograpta (Nees) Stapf (n = 9) and D. maitlandii Stapf C.E. Hubb. (n = 9). Additional polyploid levels are described for Diplachne fusca (L.) Beauv. ex Roem. Schult. (n = 10) and Digitaria diagonalis (Nees) Stapf var. diagonalis (n = 9).B-chromosomes were observed in several different specimens. The presence of B-chromosomes often results in abnormal chromosomal behaviour during meiosis.
<i>Aspidonepsis</i> (Asclepiadaceae), a new southern African genus
Authors: Nicholas A. , Goyder D. J. 
Published: July 2015

Aspidonepsis, an endemic southern African genus, is described and compared to the closely allied genus Aspidoglossum. This newly described genus is composed of two subgenera, Aspidonepsis and Unguilobium. consisting of three and two species respectively. Asclepias diploglossa, A. flava, A. cognata and A. reneensis are transferred to Aspidonepsis. and A. shebae is newly described. All species are discussed, illustrated and a key is given to aid in their identification.
Vegetation and checklist of Inaccessible Island, central South Atlantic Ocean, with notes on Nightingale Island
Authors: Roux J. P. , Ryan P. G. , Milton S. J. , Moloney C. L. 
Published: July 2015

The physiography and climate of Inaccessible and Nightingale Islands are briefly discussed. The vegetation and the major plant associations are described. Notes are given on the ecology and distribution of each taxon. Taxa newly recorded for Inaccessible Island include Agrostis goughensis, A.holgateana, A. wacei, Calamagrostis deschampsiiformis, Carex thouarsii var. recurvata, Conyza albida, Elaphoglossum campylolepium and Uncinia meridensis. One species, C. albida, is alien to the Tristan group. Two native ferns Asplenium platybasis var. subnudum and Blechnum australe were found on Nightingale Island for the first time, and the presence of introduced Malus domestica orchards was recorded. Two unidentified taxa were found that may represent new species: Elaphoglossum sp. at Inaccessible Island and Apium sp. at both Inaccessible and Nightingale Islands. The total number of vascular plant species recorded at Inaccessible and Nightingale Islands now stands at 98 and 43, respectively, of which 26 (28%) and seven (16%) are introduced species. Only Airiplex plebeja and two species of Cotula occur at Nightingale Island but are absent from Inaccessible Island.
<i>Cololejeunea cardiocarpa</i>, an epiphyllous liverwort in southern Africa (Lejeuneaceae)
Authors: Perold S. M. 
Published: July 2015

Cololejeunea cardiocarpa was misidentified by Arnell (1963) and described by him as a new variety, Leptocolea cristata var. lanciloba. Gradstein et al. (1983) drew attention to this error. Fresh material has now been collected and the species is described here and illustrated with photographs.
Flora and vegetation of the Mbonambi Beach Arcuate Scar on the Zululand dune barrier, Natal, South Africa
Authors: Weisser P. J. , Smith E. C. A. , Backer A. P. , Van Eeden S. 
Published: July 2015

A hundred and seventy-nine species belonging to 63 families were found in 13 communities in the Mbonambi Arcuate Scar. This is a rare type of dune valley that is described here and its vegetation is mapped. The great botanical diversity in a small area (7 ha) can be related to the variety in ecological conditions and the juxtaposition of pristine and disturbed areas. Because most of the adjacent area has been mined and this type of dune valley is rare, it deserves a high conservation status rating. A Pereskia aculeata infestation was found that requires urgent attention.
Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). XIII. Three new species of <i>Erica</i> from the southwestern Cape
Authors: Oliver E. G. H. 
Published: July 2015

With the recent inclusion of the genus Blaeria under Erica, three new species, formerly regarded as ‘incertae’ in that genus, are now described: Erica chiroptera E.G.H. Oliver from the Kogelberg Reserve, Erica hermani E.G.H. Oliver and Erica ioniana E.G.H. Oliver, both highly localised endemics from Hermanus.
A biosystematic study of <i>Pentameris</i> (Arundineae, Poaceae)
Authors: Barker N. P. 
Published: July 2015

A biosystematic study of the endemic southwestern Cape grass genus Pentameris Beauv. is presented. Results of studies on the macro- and micromorphology, leaf blade anatomy and cytology are discussed and illustrated. The results of a cladistic study indicate that the genus is monophyletic, united by the synapomorphies of ovary and fruit characters. The conservation status of the taxa in the genus is assessed, and conservation status codes allocated. A key to the taxa in the genus is presented, and each species is described. Five new species, Pentameris glacialis N.P. Barker, P. hirtiglumis N.P. Barker, P. oreophila N.P. Barker, P. swartbergensis N.P. Barker and P. uniflora N.P. Barker, and one new subspecies, P. longiglumis (Nees) Stapf subsp. gymnocolea N.P. Barker, are described and illustrated.
Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 1. The genus <i>Dumortiera</i> and <i>D. hirsuta</i>; the genus <i>Lunularia</i> and <i>L. cruciata</i>
Authors: Perold S. M. 
Published: July 2015

The genera Dumortiera (Dumortieroideae, Marchantiaceae) and Lunularia (Lunulariaceae), are briefly discussed. Each genus is represented in southern Africa by only one subcosmopolitan species, D. hirsuta (Swartz) Nees and L. cruciata (L.) Dum. ex Lindberg respectively.
Three new species of Serruria (Proteaceae) from the southwestern Cape
Authors: Rourke J. P. 
Published: July 2015

Three new species of Serruria are described, namely, S. altiscapa Rourke from the Villiersdorp and Hottentots Holland Mountains, characterised by its unusually tall paniculate inflorescences; S. gremialis Rourke. a multistemmed lignotuberous species with adaxially cygneous, basally pubescent styles and cylindric pollen presenters from the Villiersdorp and Houhoek Mountains as well as the north slopes of the Riviersonderend Range, and S. balanocephala Rourke. a single-stemmed re-seeding species from the north slopes of the Langeberg. distinguished by its adaxially cygneous, basally pubescent styles and conic-acute pollen presenters.
An overview of <i>Aspergillus</i> (Hvphomycetes) and associated teleomorphs in southern Africa
Authors: Louise Schutte A. 
Published: July 2015

An overview is given of literature concerning the genus Aspergillus Link and its teleomorphs. Chaetosartorya Subram.. Emericellu Berk. Broome. Eurotium Link. Fennellia B.J. Wiley E.G. Simmons, Neosartorya Malloch Cain and Sclerocleista Subram. encountered in the Republic of South Africa. Botswana. Lesotho. Mozambique. Namibia. Swaziland. Transkei and Zimbabwe up to 1993. The information is grouped under headings that indicate the field of research, namely general mycology, plant pathology, human pathology, animal and insect pathology, industrial relevance and secondary metabolites and mycotoxins. An alphabetical list of recorded Aspergillus species is provided and the relevant host or substrate is given together with a literature reference, while the fungal nomenclature has been updated. All the Aspergillus species that are regarded as common have been reported from southern Africa. No in-depth research has been done here on this group, except for chemical work on mycotoxins.
Inflorescence morphology of <i>Lachiiaea</i> and <i>Cryptadenia</i> (Thymelaeaceae)
Authors: Beyers J. B. P. , Van der Walt J. J. A. 
Published: July 2015

The current delimitation of Lachnaea L. and Cryptadenia Meisn. is based on the inflorescence morphology. In Lachnaea both indeterminate and determinate inflorescences occur, whereas in Cryptadenia only determinate inflorescences are present. The indeterminate inflorescences in Lachnaea are capitate or umbellate. The determinate inflorescences in both genera comprise a solitary, terminal flower. It is concluded that the two genera cannot be distinguished on inflorescence structure.
Chromosome studies on African plants. 11. The tribe Andropogoneae (Poaceae: Panicoideae)
Authors: Spies J. J. , Troskie T. H. , Van der Vyver E. , Van Wyk S. M. C 
Published: July 2015

Representative specimens of various species of the genera Andropogon L., Cymbopogon Spreng., Elionurus Kunth ex Willd., Hyparrhenia Foum. and Hyperthelia Clayton were cytogenetically studied. All specimens had a secondary basic chromosome number of ten. Polyploidy, either as alloploidy or segmental alloploidy. was frequent. The taxa studied represent mature polyploid complexes.
Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 8. The genus <i>Plagiochasma</i> (Aytoniaceae: Aytonioideae) and six local taxa
Authors: Perold S. M. 
Published: July 2015

A taxonomic account is given ot the genus Plagiochasma Lehm. Lindenh. and its two subgenera. Micropvlum Bischl. and Plagiochasma. The first subgenus is represented in southern Africa by P. rupestre var. rupestre (J.R. G. Forst.) Steph. and P. rupestre var. volkii Bischl.: the second by P. appendiculatum Lehm. Lindenb. (newly recorded for the region). P. heccarianum Steph.. P eximium (Schiffn.) Steph. and P. microcephalum (Steph.) Steph. var. microcephalum. Descriptions and illustrations of these taxa together with distribution maps and a key to the subgenera and species are provided.
Notes on the typification of some species of <i>Aloe</i> (Asphodelaceae/Aloaceae)
Authors: Glen H. F. , Smith G. F. 
Published: July 2015

Lecto- or neotypes are designated for Aloe thompsoniae Groenew.. A. micracantha Haw .. A. schmidticma Regel (a synonym of/4, cooperi Baker). A. longistyla Baker. A. aristata Haw., A. longiaristata Schult. Schult. f„ (a synonym of the preceding name), A. humilis (L.) Mill. var. incurva Haw.. A. glauca Mill., A. niuricata Schult. (a synonym of the preceding name). A. saponaria (Aiton) Haw. var. latifolia Haw. (a new synonym of A. maculata All.) and A. pluridens Haw. The confusing citation of the type of A. thomcroftii Pole Evans is clarified.
A systematic study of the genus <i>Pseudopentameris</i> (Arundinoideae: Poaceae)
Authors: Barker N. P. 
Published: July 2015

The genus Pseudopentameris Conert is examined morphologically and anatomically. A phenetic study of the morphologica ly variable species P. macrantha indicates that two taxa should be recognised. One of these. P. caespitosa N.P. Barker, is described as new. In addition, the study supports the inclusion of Pentameris obtusifolia in Pseudopentameris. The genus Pseudopentameris is re-delimited to accommodate the new taxa, and a key to species is provided. Details of the cytology, phylogeny and conservation status of taxa in the genus are also discussed.
Studies in the Marchantiales (Hepaticae) from southern Africa. 9, The genus Marchantia and its five local species
Authors: Perold S. M. 
Published: July 2015

In this, the ninth and final article in the series on southern African Marchantiales. a taxonomic account is given ol the genus Marchantia which is locally represented by five species. Two of the three subgenera that are recognized, namely subgenus Marchantia (with two species, M. polymorpha subsp. ruderalis and M. berteroana). as well as subgenus Chlamidium (Corda) Bischl. which is divided into three sections, namely Paleaceae (with M. paleacea subsp. paleacea). Chlamidium (with M. pappeana subsp. pappeana) and Papillatae (with M. debilis) are treated. The third subgenus. Protomarchantia Schust.. is absent from the region. Corrections need to be made to the Marchantia species given in Magill Schelpe's (1979) checklist and in Arnold De Wet (1993). Descriptions and illustrations of the taxa together with distribution maps, their ecology and a key to the subgenera and species are provided. Only traditional taxonomic methods were employed and this treatment closely follows that of Bischler-Causse ( 1993a). the recognized world authority on the group. All southern African specimens held at BOL and PRE. as well as a few from other herbaria have been studied and some new collections have been added. It is shown that M. polymorpha subsp. ruderalis has been introduced, as it is only known from local nurseries. The presence here of M. paleacea subsp. paleacea is confirmed, although it is rare. Otherwise little that is new could be added to the exhaustive studies by Bischler-Causse (1993a).
A synopsis of <i>Peristrophe</i> (Acanthaceae) in southern Africa
Authors: Balkwill K. 
Published: July 2015

A synopsis of Peristrophe Nees (Acanthaceae) in southern Africa is provided. Peristrophe comprises nine species, one with two subspecies in southern Africa. A key for identification and descriptions of species not included in recent literature are provided. Morphology of tertiary bracts,indumentum on stems and distribution is illustrated and diagnostic characters, distribution, habitat, flowering time and conservation status are discussed for each species.