bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New species and taxonomic changes within Pentaschistis (Danthonioideae, Poaceae) from Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Galley C. A. , Linder H. P. 
Published: July 2015

Three new species of Pentaschistis (Nees) Stapf are described from the Cape Floristic Region. P. trifida. P clavata and P. horrida. The former has been collected from inland ranges of the Cape Fold Belt, from the Cederberg to the Groot Swartberg. the last two each from single sites in the Koue Bokkeveld: P. clavata on the wetter western border, and P. horrida on the Baviaansberg. Pentaschistis juncifolia Stapf is re-instated, a species from the coastal plains (Hardeveld) between Bredasdorp and Riversdale, which had been included in P. eriostoma (Nees) Stapf.
Two new species of <i>Babiana</i> (Iridaceae: Crocoideae) from western South Africa, new names for <i>B.</i> <i>longiflora</i> and <i>B.<i> </i>thunbergii</i>, and com­ments on the original publication of the genus
Authors: Goldblatt P. , Manning J. C. , Gereau R. 
Published: July 2015

Babiana symmetrantha and B. virescens are two new species of section Teretifolieae of this southern African genus, now comprising 90 species. Babiana symmetrantha blooms in August and early September and is restricted to the summit of the Langberg which lies along the border of Namaqualand and the western Karoo near Loeriesfontein. One of only three species of the section with radially symmetric flowers, it is acaulescent and has linear, almost plane leaves covered with long hairs, a perianth tube 45-60(-75) mm long, and subequal, spreading tepals. Babiana virescens blooms in early winter, in May and June, and occurs in seasonally moist open ground on gentle slopes and valley bottoms in southern Namaqualand between Nuwerus and Bitterfontein. It is distinguished by the slightly misted, oblong leaves with thickened, pale margins, and the glabrous cataphvlls and leaf sheaths. The stem, which may be produced up to 100 mm above the ground, is simpleor has a single short branch and the spikes bear 2-6 greenish flowers, the tepals of which are unusually narrow and longer than the perianth tube. We also propose a new name. B tubaeformis. for the homonym B. longiflora and provide a new combination B. hirsuta based on the 1783 name Antholyza hirsuta Lam., which replaces B thunbergii Ker Gawl. (1804). Lastly, we present an argument that Babiana is correctly attributed to Ker Gawler alone and that its protologue dates from 1802 contrary to some current authorities.
ASPHODELACEAE: ALOOIDEAE - <i>BULBINE TRIEBNERI</i>. AN EARLIER NAME FOR <i>BULBINE ALBA.</i> AS WELL AS ADDITIONAL AND NEW LOCALITIES IN EASTERN AND NORTHERN CAPE. SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Klopper R. R. , Klopper A. W. , Baijnath H. , Smith G. F. 
Published: July 2015

BULBINE TRIEBNERI. AN EARLIER NAME FOR BULBINE ALBA. AS WELL AS ADDITIONAL AND NEW LOCALITIES IN EASTERN AND NORTHERN CAPE. SOUTH AFRICA
Three new species of <i>Gladiolus<i/> (Iridaceae) from South Africa, a major range extension for <i>G. rubellus<i/> and taxonomic notes for the genus in southern and tropical Africa
Authors: Manning J. C. , Goldblatt P. 
Published: July 2015

Three new species of Gladiolus L. are described from South Africa. G. dolichosiphon is the second known member of series Blandus from the mountains of the Little Karoo in Western Cape, and is distinguished from other members of the long tubed, pink-flowered G. carneus complex by its 5 or 6 linear leaves, creamy pink to salmon flowers with a tube 30-50 mm long and longer than the dorsal tepal, and its late summer flowering. G. karooicus from the Klein Roggeveld and the northern foothills of the Witteberg, is a spring-flowering species allied to G. permeabilis but has bright, canary-yellow flowers with the lower part of the lower tepals involute and conspicuously auriculate. G. reginae is an edaphic endemic of the Sekhuk- huneland Centre of Floristic Endemism in Mpumalanga, and flowers in autumn. It is evidently a glabrous member of section Densiflorus series Scabridus, distinguished by its long-tubed flowers, streaked with red on the lower tepals and blotched with red in the throat. Anomalously, however, it has the tubular inner bracts and large capsules diagnostic of section Ophiolyza series Oppositiflorus. A re-examination of the morphology suggests that series Scabridus is better placed in section Ophiolyza and a slightly revised classification of Gladiolus in southern Africa is proposed. We also propose the replacement name G. sulculatus for the Tanzanian species, G. sulcatus Goldblatt, a later homonym of G. sulcatus Lam. Finally, a recent sighting of what appears to be G. rubellus from northern Namibia constitutes the first record of this species in the country and a major range extension from its previous known occurrence in southeastern Botswana.
<i>Albuca</i><i>crispa</i> and <i>A. grandis</i> (Hyacinthaceae: Omithogaloideae), two new species of subgenus <i>Albuca</i>, the rediscovery of <i>A. albucoides</i> (sub­ genus <i>Osmyne</i>), and the identity of <i>A. reflexa</i>
Authors: Manning J. C. , Goldblatt P. 
Published: July 2015

Albuca crispa is a new species of section Falconera series Trianthera with crispulate leaves from the Great Karoo, known at least since 1947 but overlooked until now. A second new species. A grandis. from the southwestern Cape was previously included in A. fragrans Jacq. (section Falconera series Falconera). It is a robust species that flowers in winter and early spring and the styles are rugulose with ± isodiametric epidermal cells, unlike typical A. fragrans which is a more slender species flowering in early summer and with derived, smooth styles with fusiform epidermal cells. The recent discovery of a flowering population matching the type of A. albucoides (Aiton) J.C.Manning Goldblatt (subgenus Osmyne) allows for a full description and illustration of this poorly know n and taxonomically neglected species that has often been included in A. suaveolens (Jacq.) J.C.Manning Goldblatt. Lastly, examination of the type of A. reflexa Krause Dinter from Namibia shows it to be conspecific w ith Drimia indica (Roxb.) Jessop.
Wetland craft plants in KwaZulu-Natal: an ecological review of har­vesting impacts and implications for sustainable utilization
Authors: Traynor C. H. , Kotze D. C. , McKean S. G. 
Published: July 2015

In South Africa, wetland plants have been used for centuries and they continue to be harvested for subsistence and commercial purposes. Fibres for crafts are collected by cutting the aboveground parts. KwaZulu-Natal is one of the major basket-producing regions in southern Africa and at least twenty-two species of wetland plants are harvested for crafts. A literature review of the harvested species revealed that the impacts of cutting have only been extensively investigated for Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud. and Juncus kraussii Hochst. The review suggested that, where plants display strong seasonal aboveground productivity patterns, cutting should take place after shoot senescence and before new shoot emergence to minimize damage to plants. Cutting in the short term could increase the density of green stems. However, in the long term in Phragmites australis, it may deplete the rhizome reserves and reduce the density of useable (longer and thicker) culms.The opportunity for sustainable harvests was investigated by considering the geographic distribution, whether species are habitat specific or not, and local population sizes of the craft plants. Juncus kraussii is of the greatest conservation concern.Ecologically sustainable wetland plant harv esting could contribute to the wise use of wetlands, an approach promoted nationally and internationally.
Moraea intermedia and M. vuvuzela (Iridaceae-Iridoideae), two new species from western South Africa, and some nomenclatural changes and range extensions in the genus
Authors: Goldblatt P. , Manning J. C. 
Published: July 2015

We describe two new species in the largely sub-Saharan genus Moraea Mill. (± 205 spp.) from its centre of diversity in the winter rainfall region of southern Africa. Moraea intermedia, from north-central Namaqualand near Springbok, is a member of the small section Tubiflorae (now eight species), remarkable in its growth habit with a long basal intemode. leaves clustered at the first aerial node, and Moraea-type stamens and style branches but subequal tepals with very short claws that clasp only the base of the filament column. Moraea vuvuzela. a member of series Galaxia of the Galaxia group of the genus (now 17 species), has deeply fringed stigma lobes, filaments free in the upper 1 mm, ± prostrate, lanceolate leaves and. remarkable for the series, dark brown to purple markings near the base of the tepal limbs. In the unusually variable M.fugax, currently with two subspecies, new collections of subsp. fugax co-occurring but on different soils with subsp. filicaulis, cast doubt on their current treatment as members of the same species. We now favour recognition of the diminutive subsp.filicaulis as a separate species, M. filicaulis. In the M iripetala group we recommend recognition of the early blooming M. punctata, described in 1892 and later subsumed in M. iripetala but readily distinguished by the long inner tepals broader in the midline and short, relatively broad, plane rather than channelled leaves. We also report small but significant range extensions for M. barkerae, M. macrocarpa and M. tricolor.
New Species of Ascomycetes and a New Genus of Sphaeropsidaceae from Transvaal*
Authors: Marasas W. F. O. 
Published: July 2015

A new genus of Sphaeropsidaceae, Oncostroma Batista Marasas, and its type species O. toddaliae Batista Marasas, are described. Five new species of Ascomycetes, Brasiliomyces entadae Marasas Rabie, Thyriopsis sphaerospora Marasas, Microcyclus halleriae Marasas Rabie, Phyllachora ehrhartae Marasas and Trichopeltum africanum Batista Marasas, are described. Two new com­binations, Trichopeltum carissae (Doidge) Marasas and Trichopeltum kentaniensis (Doidge) Marasas, are made.
Pastorale begeleiding van kinders wat rou
Authors: Coetzer Wentzel C. 
Published: July 2015

In die literatuur word dikwels na kinders as die sogenaamde ‘forgotten grievers’ verwys. Wat pastorale berading betref is daar in die verlede tydens sterfgevalle in ’n gesin soms meer op die volwassenes as op die kinders gefokus. Verliese wat egter nie tydens die kinderjare verwerk word nie, het ’n impak op die res van so ’n persoon se lewe. In hierdie artikel word die belangrikheid van kinders as volle lede van die geloofsgemeenskap (ook wat hulle emosies betref) beklemtoon. Aspekte soos die sinvraag, die beskermende- en helende effek van spiritualiteit en geloof, asook die belangrikheid van ’n Skrifgedeelte soos Lukas 18:15–17 met betrekking tot kleiner kinders kom vervolgens aan die orde. Die belangrikheid van die integrering van spiritualiteit en kreatiewe, ekspressiewe tegnieke en strategieë word ook uitgelig. Voorbeelde van laasgenoemde tegnieke word vervolgens aan die orde gestel terwyl ’n aantal praktiese riglyne ten opsigte van geloofsaspekte ter begeleiding van die kind wat ’n verlies ervaar het, ook daarna aandag geniet.Pastoral care of grieving children. Literature often refers to children as the so called forgotten grievers. In the past, during deaths in a family, pastoral counselling was sometimes more focused on the adults than on children. However, losses that are not processed during childhood will have an impact on the rest of such a person’s life. In this article, the importance of children as full members of the community of faith (also regarding their emotions) is emphasised. Aspects such as the question on meaning, the protective and healing effect of spirituality and faith, and the importance of a passage like Luke 18:15–17 with respect to smaller children are discussed. The importance of the integration of spirituality and creative expressive techniques and strategies are also explored. Examples of the latter techniques are discussed, while a number of practical guidelines on religious issues for the guidance of the child who has experienced a loss also receive attention.
On the “Preconditioning” Function Used in Planewave DFT Calculations and its Generalization
Authors: Zhou Yunkai , Chelikowsky James R. , Gao Xingyu , Zhou Aihui 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe Teter, Payne, and Allan “preconditioning” function plays a significant role in planewave DFT calculations. This function is often called the TPA preconditioner. We present a detailed study of this “preconditioning” function. We develop a general formula that can readily generate a class of “preconditioning” functions. These functions have higher order approximation accuracy and fulfill the two essential “preconditioning” purposes as required in planewave DFT calculations. Our general class of functions are expected to have applications in other areas.
Modeling 3D Magma Dynamics Using a Discontinuous Galerkin Method
Authors: Tirupathi Seshu , Hesthaven Jan S. , Liang Yan 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDiscontinuous Galerkin (DG) and matrix-free finite element methods with a novel projective pressure estimation are combined to enable the numerical modeling of magma dynamics in 2D and 3D using the library deal.II. The physical model is an advection-reaction type system consisting of two hyperbolic equations to evolve porosity and soluble mineral abundance at local chemical equilibrium and one elliptic equation to recover global pressure. A combination of a discontinuous Galerkin method for the advection equations and a finite element method for the elliptic equation provide a robust and efficient solution to the channel regime problems of the physical system in 3D. A projective and adaptively applied pressure estimation is employed to significantly reduce the computational wall time without impacting the overall physical reliability in the modeling of important features of melt segregation, such as melt channel bifurcation in 2D and 3D time dependent simulations.
A Model of a Quantum Particle in a Quantum Environment: A Numerical Study
Authors: Carlone Raffaele , Figari Rodolfo , Negulescu Claudia 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe define and investigate, via numerical analysis, a one dimensional toy-model of a cloud chamber. An energetic quantum particle, whose initial state is a superposition of two identical wave packets with opposite average momentum, interacts during its evolution and exchanges (small amounts of) energy with an array of localized spins. Triggered by the interaction with the environment, the initial superposition state turns into an incoherent sum of two states describing the following situation: or the particle is going to the left and a large number of spins on the left side changed their states, or the same is happening on the right side. This evolution is reminiscent of what happens in a cloud chamber where a quantum particle, emitted as a spherical wave by a radioactive source, marks its passage inside a supersaturated vapour-chamber in the form of a sequence of small liquid bubbles arranging themselves around a possible classical trajectory of the particle.
Language Policy and Medium of Instruction Issue in Pakistan
Authors: AMMAR Ali , ALI Naveen , FAWAD Ali , QASIM Khamsa 
Published: July 2015

The issue of language in Pakistan is not just related to linguistics. It has far more implications for cultural, economic, political, and social issues. The current paper studies the latest language policy of Pakistan and its implications for local languages. It then relates to the formation and implementation of a (certain steps) sound language policy to root out the conflicts and ethnic clashes from time to time in the country, and to survive the language shock of majority of students in Pakistan, who are taught English as compulsory subject up to 14 years of education. The current situation of the country also correlates to the puzzling phenomenon of cultural aversive attitudes towards English language by the masses. The current teaching methods and curriculum employed in the institutions of Pakistan, for decades, have only been successful in maintaining the gap between the privileged English related people and the hardcore anti-English sentiments. In this battle for linguistic-identity crisis and supremacy, a lot of national talent has been wasted. This paper briefly re-explores the situation of languages in the country on the first step, then it moves on to focus on the national policy, its flaws, and it possible ways out by bringing in examples from Chinese and Indian Language Policies.
Japanese Language Education and Dyslexia: On the Necessity of the Dyslexia Research
Authors: MORITOKI ŠKOF Nagisa 
Published: July 2015

The purpose of this paper is to show the importance of he perspective of dyslexia, which is said to occupy most of LD, in Japanese language education. First, it discusses what dyslexia is and what perspective it offers to Japanese language education. Then, I will outline the present status of accepting and arranging dyslexic learners in Japanese language education and point the several problems of it. Finally, I will take a general view of supporting system in the JLPT and at institutions in Europe that is already systematically established and show us a way of the solution. I will also show the necessities that all teachers including trainees in teaching institutions should learn and know about dyslexia to make prompt and effective Japanese language education to all learners in conclusion.
India's Journey with Corporate Social Responsibility-What Next?
Authors: Majumdar Arjya B. 
Published: July 2015

One of the causes for raised eyebrows to the Companies Act, 2013 is Section 135. The provision mandates companies meeting certain requirements to compulsorily contribute to corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, or explain the failure to do so. While this has been the subject of an ongoing debate ever since the provision was suggested in 2009, the provision in question has been met with considerable resistance from the industry. Arguments against Section 135 range from specific critiques of the semantics of the statute to critiques of the failure of India as a welfare state altogether.What this paper seeks is to attempt a definitive outline of the CSR law and practice in India, its roots in Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam, Gandhian philosophies and the pre-2013 position on CSR. It shall also attempt to provide a critical analysis of Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 and how the provision may be ignored, or worse—misused. Three arguments are presented in this regard. Firstly, that Section 135 constitutes a departure from the accepted position that CSR needs to be imbibed into the business and management principles of a company and is heading towards a potentially destructive conversion of the principles of CSR into corporate altruism. Secondly, the provisions of Section 135 make the Board of Directors liable to show to their shareholders—the compliance of the company’s social responsibilities. Instead, if the company is to have and comply with social responsibilities, the same should be ascertained by the society, or at least a representative of society. Finally, there is a slew of extant laws in India which also mandate certain companies to take into account their social responsibilities.
Employing One's "Talents": The Power of Innovative Bond Transactions to Finance Catholic Nonprofits
Authors: Blain Christopher 
Published: July 2015

This article discusses such new and innovative methods of bond financing that utilize unique security devices and repayment techniques in order to provide financing to nonprofit entities that otherwise would not have had access to capital on favorable terms. In Part I, this article will discuss how Catholic conduit mortgage bonds compare to more common municipal bonds, the specific terms of Conduit Mortgage Bonds, and offer a case study intended to demonstrate the mechanics of these bonds. Part II will discuss the comparative advantages of the Endowment Funding Program, explain the role of bond financing in the Program, and provide another case study. Part III will explain how the LIFT Bond Program is being used to facilitate structured giving—again with a focus on the role of bond financing as part of the Program—and analyze its role as one component in the larger Endowment Funding Program. Finally, Part IV will discuss the newest developments in the realm of Catholic conduit mortgage bonds.
Influência de alguns elementos climáticos na produção de serrapilheira em um reflorestamento de pinus na FLONA (Floresta Nacional) de Irati- PR / Influence of some climatic elements in the production (...)
Authors: Antoneli Valdemir , Francisquini Viviane 
Published: July 2015

O presente estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a produção de serrapilheira em um Reflorestamento de pinus na Floresta Nacional de Irati/Paraná (FLONA), e correlacioná-los com alguns elementos climáticos. No monitoramento da produção de serrapilheira, foram utilizados coletores de 1x1 (1m2), totalizando 12 coletores. As coletas foram realizadas mensalmente e, o material retirado dos coletores foi seco, pesado e em seguida separado em três frações: folhas, galhos e miscelânea. A deposição de serrapilheira no reflorestamento de pinus foi de 13.098 (kg/ha). Observou-se ao correlacionar os dados mensais, que a chuva foi a variável de maior influência na deposição de serrapilheira (r= 0,570), já os outros fatores, apresentaram baixa correlação. No entanto, verificou-se que há uma alta correlação entre as variáveis climáticas e a deposição de serrapilheira quando os dados são analisados sazonalmente. Esta alta correlação pode estar atrelada ao efeito tardio, desses fatores, ou seja, a deposição de serrapilheira não é imediata as variações climáticas. Palavras-chave: serrapilheira; fatores climáticos; sazonalidade; FLONA AbstractThis study aims to evaluate litter production in a reforestation of pinus in the National Forest (FLONA) of Irati / Paraná and correlate them with some climatic elements. In the monitoring of the production of litter, 1x1 (1m2), totaling 12 collectors. Samples were collected monthly, and the material taken from the collectors was dried and weighed and then separated into three fractions: leaves branches and miscellaneous. The deposition of litter in the reforestation of pinus was of 13.098 (kg/ha).Was observed to correlate the monthly data that rain was the most influential variable in the deposition of litter, as other factors, had low correlation. However, it was found that there is a high correlation between climatic variables and deposition of litter when the data are analyzed seasonally. This high correlation may be linked to the late effect, these factors; in this case the deposition of litter is not immediate climatic variations. Keywords: litter; climatic elements; seasonally; FLONA.