bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Debridement and Bone Grafting With Internal Fixation via Anterior Approach for Treatment of Cervicothoracic Tuberculosis
Authors: Lan Xu , Liu Xue-mei , Ge Bao-feng 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the outcome of the patients with cervicothoracic tuberculosis who underwent radical debridement, reconstruction with bone autograft or allograft, and plate internal fixation via anterior approach. From June 2000 to December 2010, 20 patients with tuberculosis in cervicothoracic junction underwent a standard cervical approach, which was combined with a partial median osteotomy and transverse osteotomy through the synostosis between the manubrium and body of the sternum to expose the lesion adequately. Radical debridement was performed, then tricortical iliac crest bone autograft or allograft was placed and internal fixation was done to reconstruct the spinal column. The pathologic change regions were as follows: 10 in the C7-T1 segment, 6 in the T1 segment, 3 in the T1–T3 segment, and 1 in the T2–T3 segment. The classifications of Frankel were as follows: 2 at grade A, 4 at grade B, 7 at grade C, 2 at grade D, and 5 at grade E. There was no injury of blood vessel, spinal cord, or recurrent nerve during the surgery. The follow-up period ranged approximately 16 to 39 months. Bony fusion was obtained in all patients, and there was no internal fixation failure and tuberculosis recurrence in any of these patients. The nerve function of the spinal cord recovered at different degrees: 2 at grade A , 1 at grade B, 1 at grade C, 3 at grade D, and 13 at grade E. The anterior approach can provide direct and safe access to the lesion. The structural iliac crest autograft or allograft and anterior instrumentation could work effectively to stabilize the cervicothoracic junction.
Mixed Ductal-Endocrine Carcinoma of the Pancreas Occurring as a Double Cancer: Report of a Case
Authors: Araki Kenichiro , Shimura Tatsuo , Kobayashi Tsutomu , Saito Kana , Wada Wataru , Sasaki Shigeru , Suzuki Hideki , Kashiwabara Kenji , Nakajima Takashi , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe present a successfully treated case of mixed ductal-endocrine carcinoma of the pancreas complicated by right renal cell carcinoma. The patient had no symptoms, and laboratory data were close to the normal range. Enhanced computed tomography demonstrated a marked enhanced tumor, which appeared to be an endocrine tumor, at the pancreas uncus. We performed pyrolus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, regional lymph node resection, and right nephrectomy. Histologically and immunohistochemically, the pancreas tumor had both a ductal (exocrine) and an endocrine component. The renal tumor was a typical clear cell carcinoma. A diagnosis of synchronous double cancer was made. As demonstrated in previously published reports, this type of mixed tumor has malignant potential for invasive ductal carcinoma. We propose that mixed ductal-endocrine carcinoma of the pancreas should be treated by surgical resection with a sufficient surgical margin and regional lymph node resection to improve the patient's prognosis.
Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Arising 33 Years After Excision of a Choledochal Cyst: Report of a Case
Authors: Nishiyama Ryo , Shinoda Masahiro , Tanabe Minoru , Masugi Yohei , Ueno Akihisa , Hibi Taizo , Takano Kiminori , Fujisaki Hiroto , Kitago Minoru , Itano Osamu , Kawachi Shigeyuki , Aiura Koichi , Tanimoto Akihiro , Sakamaoto Michiie , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
We report a case of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma arising 33 years after excision of a choledochal cyst. A 61-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of fever. Thirty-three years ago she had undergone extrahepatic choledochal cystectomy and choledochojejunostomy for a choledochal cyst. Computed tomography showed a tumor in the anterior segment of the liver, extending to the posterior and medial segments and the right portal vein. Intrahepatic biliary stones were seen in the bile ducts. We performed extended right lobectomy. Microscopically, the tumor was cholangiocarcinoma. Most of the tumor area was composed of invasive adenocarcinoma but a carcinoma-in-situ component was also observed in some regions including the hilar bile duct, where an intrahepatic biliary stone was seen. This suggests that the cancer development could be related to intrahepatic cholestasis. Patients with choledochal cyst may have to be carefully followed up for more than 30 years even after diversion surgery.
User-Managed Inventory: An Approach to Forward-Deployment of Urgently Needed Medical Countermeasures for Mass-Casualty and Terrorism Incidents
Authors: Coleman C. Norman , Hrdina Chad , Casagrande Rocco , Cliffer Kenneth D. , Mansoura Monique K. , Nystrom Scott , Hatchett Richard , Caro J. Jaime , Knebel Ann R. , Wallace Katherine S. , Adams Steven A. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe user-managed inventory (UMI) is an emerging idea for enhancing the current distribution and maintenance system for emergency medical countermeasures (MCMs). It increases current capabilities for the dispensing and distribution of MCMs and enhances local/regional preparedness and resilience. In the UMI, critical MCMs, especially those in routine medical use (“dual utility”) and those that must be administered soon after an incident before outside supplies can arrive, are stored at multiple medical facilities (including medical supply or distribution networks) across the United States. The medical facilities store a sufficient cache to meet part of the surge needs but not so much that the resources expire before they would be used in the normal course of business. In an emergency, these extra supplies can be used locally to treat casualties, including evacuees from incidents in other localities. This system, which is at the interface of local/regional and federal response, provides response capacity before the arrival of supplies from the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and thus enhances the local/regional medical responders' ability to provide life-saving MCMs that otherwise would be delayed. The UMI can be more cost-effective than stockpiling by avoiding costs due to drug expiration, disposal of expired stockpiled supplies, and repurchase for replacement.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:408-414)
Extreme Measures: Field Amputation on the Living and Dismemberment of the Deceased to Extricate Individuals Entrapped in Collapsed Structures
Authors: Macintyre Anthony , Kramer Efraim B. , Petinaux Bruno , Glass Trevor , Tate Charmaine M. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTCollapsed structures, typically as a result of earthquakes, may result in individuals entrapped by their limbs under heavy structural elements. In addition, access to living persons may be blocked by the deceased. Individuals are often critically ill by the time they are found, and rapid extrication is warranted. This and other factors may necessitate field amputation of an extremity on a living person or dismemberment of the deceased to achieve a rescue. Although case reports have described industrial, mining, and transportation accidents, few discuss this potential in collapsed structures. Also, few specifically outline the indications or the decision process and associated administrative procedures that should be addressed before conducting these procedures. This report presents a review of the literature along with a limited case series. A discussion regarding relevant decision making is provided to encourage the development of protocols. An international consensus statement on these procedures is provided.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:428-435)
Medical Lessons Learned From Chernobyl Relative to Nuclear Detonations and Failed Nuclear Reactors
Authors: Dallas Cham E. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTThe Chernobyl disaster in 1986 involved the largest airborne release of radioactivity in history, more than 100 times as much radioactivity as the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombs together. The resulting emergency response, administrative blunders, and subsequent patient outcomes from this large-scale radiological disaster provide a wealth of information and valuable lessons for those who may find themselves having to deal with the staggering consequences of nuclear war. Research findings, administrative strategies (successful and otherwise), and resulting clinical procedures from the Chernobyl experience are reviewed to determine a current utility in addressing the appropriate protocols for a medical response to nuclear war. As various myths are still widely associated with radiation exposure, attention is given to the realities of a mass casualty medical response as it would occur with a nuclear detonation.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:330-334)
Evaluation of Hospital Mass Screening and Infection Control Practices in a Pandemic Influenza Full-Scale Exercise
Authors: Kohlhoff Stephan A. , Crouch Bindy , Roblin Patricia M. , Fertel Baruch , Pruitt Darrin , Berg Debra E. , Weedon Jeremy , Arquilla Bonnie , Augenbraun Michael 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTObjective: Nonpharmacologic interventions such as limiting nosocomial spread have been suggested for mitigation of respiratory epidemics at health care facilities. This observational study tested the efficacy of a mass screening, isolation, and triage protocol in correctly identifying and placing in a cohort exercise subjects according to case status in the emergency departments at 3 acute care hospitals in Brooklyn, New York, during a simulated pandemic influenza outbreak.Methods: During a 1-day, full-scale exercise using 354 volunteer victims, variables assessing adherence to the mass screening protocol and infection control recommendations were evaluated using standardized forms.Results: While all hospitals were able to apply the suggested mass screening protocol for separation based on case status, significant differences were observed in several infection control variables among participating hospitals and different hospital areas.Conclusions: Implementation of mass screening and other infection control interventions during a hospital full-scale exercise was feasible and resulted in measurable outcomes. Hospital drills may be an effective way of detecting and addressing variability in following infection control recommendations.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:378-384)
Reconstruction of Conformal Nanoscale MnO on Graphene as a High‐Capacity and Long‐Life Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Sun Yongming , Hu Xianluo , Luo Wei , Xia Fangfang , Huang Yunhui 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTo tackle the issue of inferior cycle stability and rate capability for MnO anode materials in lithium ion batteries, a facile strategy is explored to prepare a hybrid material consisting of MnO nanocrystals grown on conductive graphene nanosheets. The prepared MnO/graphene hybrid anode exhibits a reversible capacity as high as 2014.1 mAh g−1 after 150 discharge/charge cycles at 200 mA g−1, excellent rate capability (625.8 mAh g−1 at 3000 mA g−1), and superior cyclability (843.3 mAh g−1 even after 400 discharge/charge cycles at 2000 mA g−1 with only 0.01% capacity loss per cycle). The results suggest that the reconstruction of the MnO/graphene electrodes is intrinsic due to conversion reactions. A long‐term stable nanoarchitecture of graphene‐supported ultrafine manganese oxide nanoparticles is formed upon cycling, which yields a long‐life anode material for lithium ion batteries. The lithiation and delithiation behavior suggests that the further oxidation of Mn(II) to Mn(IV) and the interfacial lithium storage upon cycling contribute to the enhanced specific capacity. The excellent rate capability benefits from the presence of conductive graphene and a short transportation length for both lithium ions and electrons. Moreover, the as‐formed hybrid nanostructure of MnO on graphene may help achieve faster kinetics of conversion reactions.
Synthesis of tert‐Butyl Peroxyacetals from Benzyl, Allyl, or Propargyl Ethers via Iron‐Promoted CH Bond Functionalization
Authors: Iwata Satoshi , Hata Takeshi , Urabe Hirokazu 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWhen benzyl, allyl, and propargyl ethers were treated with tert‐butyl hydroperoxide and a catalytic amount of iron(III) acetylacetonate, tert‐butyl peroxyacetals were produced in good to excellent yields, via CH bond functionalization. This method is also applicable to ethylene acetals of unsaturated aldehydes to give peroxyorthoesters.
N400 predicts recovery from disorders of consciousness
Authors: Steppacher Inga , Eickhoff Simon , Jordanov Todor , Kaps Michael , Witzke Wolfgang , Kissler Johanna 
Published: December 2012

ObjectivePatients with the unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS; formerly vegetative state) or in a minimally conscious state (MCS) open their eyes spontaneously but show no (UWS) or only marginal (MCS) signs of awareness. Because these states can become permanent, residual information processing capacities need to be determined, and reliable outcome predictors need to be found. We assessed higher‐order cortical information processing in UWS or MCS in a large group of patients using electroencephalographic event‐related potentials (ERPs) and determined their long‐term prognostic value for recovery.MethodsCognitive ERPs elicited by sound (P300) and speech (N400) were used to assess information processing in 92 behaviorally unresponsive patients diagnosed as in the state of either UWS (n=53) or MCS (n=39). ERPs were assessed with a clinical standard evaluation method and a computerized method, the t‐continuous wavelet transform. The patients' clinical outcome was followed up between 2 and 14 years after discharge from the rehabilitation center.ResultsWithin the first year of the disease, many patients showed an intact P300 and several also an N400, indicating considerable residual information processing. At clinical follow‐up, about 25% of the patients recovered and regained communicative capabilities. A highly significant relationship between N400, but not P300, presence and subsequent recovery was found.InterpretationResults specify cognitive capabilities in disorders of consciousness, and determine their prognostic value. Specifically the N400 ERP is suggested as an important tool to assess information‐processing capacities that can predict the likelihood of recovery of patients in UWS or MCS. Ann Neurol 2013;73:594–602
Carbon nanotube production and application in energy storage
Authors: Yu Yuntao , Cui Chaojie , Qian Weizhong , Xie Qing , Zheng Chao , Kong Chuiyan , Wei Fei 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTIn order to enhance the application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in electrochemical energy storage, we reviewed the production and purification technology of CNTs, as well as the application in Li‐ion battery, supercapacitors (SC), and asymmetric SC. In detail, the formation mechanism, the effects influencing the diameter, diameter distribution, yield and growth rate of CNTs, and the reactor technology for scale up were thoroughly discussed. And the purity, the type of impurities and factors influencing the formation of impurities, and the purification method of CNTs were summarized on the basis of the requirements in the electrochemical use. Finally, the performance of CNTs used in energy storage systems and the challenge for the commercialization were analyzed. The review provides abundant information for better understanding of the relationship between the structure, property of CNTs and its performance. © 2012 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recycling of waste PET‐bottles using dimethyl sulfoxide and hydrotalcite catalyst
Authors: Sharma Vivek , Parashar Priyanka , Srivastava Priyanka , kumar Santosh , Agarwal D. D. , Richharia Neelam 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe degradation of PET bottles has been successfully achieved using hydrotalcite as catalyst and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent. The reaction was carried out at boiling point of DMSO (190°C) and degradation was complete in 10 min. The oligomer (tetramer) obtained was treated with NaOH at room temperature in methanol to get dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (EG). Thus, it is a safe and cleaner process. Oligomer was characterized by MS,13C‐NMR, X‐ray diffractometric, and thermogravimetric analysis. DMT and EG were characterized by GC‐MS. DMT was also characterized by FT‐IR. GC‐MS analysis shows that the purity of DMT was 99%. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2012
Effect of annealing conditions on crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of NIPS poly(vinylidene fluoride) hollow fiber membranes
Authors: Liu Jie , Lu Xiao‐Long , Wu Chun‐Rui 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn this study, a preliminary work was carried out to investigate the effect of annealing conditions on the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) hollow fiber membranes. The crystalline structures of surface layers and overall membranes were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy‐attenuated total reflectance and X‐ray diffraction, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry and field emission scanning electron microscopy were employed to analyze the thermal behaviors and morphologies of membranes. It was found that the type of crystalline phase and degree of crystallinity of annealed membranes depended on the crystallization rate of PVDF, which in turn was determined by annealing temperature and cooling rate. For all the investigated membranes, the α and β phases coexisted in the outer surface, while PVDF mainly crystallized into α phase in the overall membrane. The percentage of α phase and degree of crystallinity increased with crystallization rate increase. The annealing process induced compaction of relatively thinner membranes; however, the pore structures did not collapse. The breaking strength of annealed membranes, associated with the variation of PVDF polymorphs and total crystallinity, was improved from 167 cN to 215 cN. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Simvastatin inhibits cysteine‐rich protein 61 expression in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts through the regulation of sirtuin‐1/FoxO3a signaling
Authors: Kok Sang‐Heng , Lin Li‐Deh , Hou Kuo‐Liang , Hong Chi‐Yuan , Chang Cheng‐Chi , Hsiao Michael , Wang Jyh‐Horng , Lai Eddie Hsiang‐Hua , Lin Sze‐Kwan 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the role of sirtuin‐1 (SIRT‐1)/FoxO3a in the expression of cysteine‐rich protein 61 (CYR‐61) in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) and the influence of simvastatin on this pathway, and to determine the relationship between disease progression and FoxO3a/CYR‐61 signaling in synovial fibroblasts in vivo using a rat model of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA).MethodsIn RASFs, the expression of CYR‐61 and SIRT‐1, the localization of FoxO3a in the nucleus/cytoplasm, and the phosphorylation/acetylation of FoxO3a were examined by Western blotting. Secretion of CCL20 was assessed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Promoter activity of the Cyr61 gene was evaluated by luciferase assay, with or without forced expression of FoxO3a and SIRT‐1 by lentiviral transduction. FoxO3a–Cyr61 promoter interaction was examined by chromatin immunoprecipitation. In rats with CIA, the expression of CYR‐61 and phosphorylated FoxO3a in synovial fibroblasts was examined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsIn RASFs, simvastatin suppressed the tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)–induced production of CYR‐61 and CCL20. Nuclear levels of FoxO3a were decreased after TNFα stimulation of RASFs, and forced expression of FoxO3a reversed the inductive effects of TNFα on CYR‐61. Simvastatin inhibited the nuclear export, phosphorylation, and acetylation of FoxO3a and maintained its binding to the Cyr61 promoter. Forced expression of SIRT‐1 in RASFs led to decreased levels of CYR‐61 and deacetylation of FoxO3a. Following treatment with simvastatin, the expression of SIRT‐1 was up‐regulated and SIRT‐1/FoxO3a binding was enhanced in RASFs. In rats with CIA, intraarticular injection of simvastatin alleviated arthritis and suppressed CYR‐61 expression and FoxO3a phosphorylation in synovial fibroblasts.ConclusionCYR‐61 is important in the pathogenesis of RA, and SIRT‐1/FoxO3a signaling is crucial to induction of CYR‐61 in RASFs. Simvastatin plays a beneficial role in inflammatory arthritis through its up‐regulation of SIRT‐1/FoxO3a signaling in synovial fibroblasts. Continued study of the pathways linking sirtuins, FoxO proteins, and the inflammatory responses of RASFs may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of RA.
A genetic variant in granzyme B is associated with progression of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Knevel R. , Krabben A. , Wilson A. G. , Brouwer E. , Leijsma M. K. , Lindqvist E. , de Rooy D. P. C. , Daha N. A. , van der Linden M. P. M. , Tsonaka S. , Zhernakova A. , Westra H.‐J. , Franke L. , Houwing‐Duistermaat J. J. , Toes R. E. M. , Huizinga T. W. J. , Saxne T. , van der Helm‐van Mil A. H. M. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractObjectiveGenetic factors account for an estimated 45–58% of the variance in joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The serine proteinase granzyme B induces target cell apoptosis, and several in vitro studies suggest that granzyme B is involved in apoptosis of chondrocytes. Serum levels of granzyme B are increased in RA and are also associated with radiographic erosions. The aim of this study was to investigate GZMB as a candidate gene accounting for the severity of joint destruction in RA.MethodsA total of 1,418 patients with 4,885 radiograph sets of the hands and feet from 4 independent cohorts were studied. First, explorative analyses were performed in 600 RA patients in the Leiden Early Arthritis Clinic cohort. Fifteen single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tagging GZMB were tested. Significantly associated SNPs were genotyped in data sets representing patients from the Groningen, Sheffield, and Lund cohorts. In each data set, the relative increase in the annual rate of progression in the presence of a genotype was assessed. Data were summarized in a meta‐analysis. The association of GZMB with the RNA expression level of the GZMB genomic region was tested by mapping expression quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on 1,469 whole blood samples.ResultsSNP rs8192916 was significantly associated with the rate of joint destruction in the first cohort and in the meta‐analysis of all data sets. Patients homozygous for the minor allele of rs8192916 had a higher rate of joint destruction per year compared with other patients (P = 7.8 × 10−4). Expression QTL of GZMB identified higher expression in the presence of the minor allele of rs8192916 (P = 2.27 × 10−5).ConclusionSNP rs8192916 located in GZMB is associated with the progression of joint destruction in RA as well as with RNA expression in whole blood.