bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune checkpoint receptors in regulating immune reactivity in rheumatic disease
Authors: Ceeraz Sabrina , Nowak Elizabeth C , Burns Christopher M , Noelle Randolph J 
Published: October 2014

AbstractImmune checkpoint regulators are critical modulators of the immune system, allowing the initiation of a productive immune response and preventing the onset of autoimmunity. Co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory immune checkpoint receptors are required for full T-cell activation and effector functions such as the production of cytokines. In autoimmune rheumatic diseases, impaired tolerance leads to the development of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Sjogren's syndrome. Targeting the pathways of the inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules CD152 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4) and CD279 (programmed death-1) in cancer shows robust anti-tumor responses and tumor regression. This observation suggests that, in autoimmune diseases, the converse strategy of engaging these molecules may alleviate inflammation owing to the success of abatacept (CD152-Ig) in rheumatoid arthritis patients. We review the preclinical and clinical developments in targeting immune checkpoint regulators in rheumatic disease.
Investigation of dust storms entering Western Iran using remotely sensed data and synoptic analysis
Authors: Boloorani Ali D , Nabavi Seyed O , Bahrami Hosain A , Mirzapour Fardin , Kavosi Musa , Abasi Esmail , Azizi Rasoul 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background
One of the natural phenomena which have had considerable impacts on various regions of the world, including Iran, is "dust storm". In recent years, this phenomenon has taken on new dimensions in Iran and has changed from a local problem to a national issue. This study is an attempt to investigate the formation of the dust storms crossing the Western Iran.

Methodology
To find the sources of the dust storms entering Iran, first we examine three determined dust paths in the region and their temporal activities, using MODIS satellite images. Then, four regions were identified as dust sources through soil, land cover and wind data. Finally, atmospheric analyses are implemented to find synoptic patterns inducing dust storms.

Results and discussion
Source 1 has covered the region between the eastern banks of Euphrates and western banks of Tigris. Source 2 is in desert area of western and south-western Iraq. Finally source 3 is bounded in eastern and south-eastern deserts of Saudi Arabia called Rub-Al-Khali desert, or Empty Quarter. Moreover, south-eastern part of Iraq (source 4) was also determined as a secondary source which thickens the dust masses originating from the above mentioned sources. The study of synoptic circulations suggests that the dust storms originating from source 1 are formed due to the intense pressure gradient between the low-pressure system of Zagros and a high-pressure cell formed on Mediterranean Sea. The dust events in sources 2 and 3 are outcomes of the atmospheric circulations dominant in the cold period of the year in mid-latitudes.
Bioclogging in porous media: influence in reduction of hydraulic conductivity and organic contaminants during synthetic leachate permeation
Authors: Kanmani Subramaniam , Gandhimathi Rajan , Muthukkumaran Kasinathan 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this study the concept of biofilm accumulation in the sand column was promoted to assess the changes in hydraulic conductivity and concentration of organic contaminants of the synthetic leachate. Four different combinations of column study were carried out using synthetic leachate as a substrate solution. Mixed and stratified mode of experiments with two different sizes (0.3 mm and 0.6 mm) of sand grains were used for column filling. Two columns were acting as a blank, the remaining two columns amended with mixed microbial cultures which were isolated from leachate. The column was operated with continuous synthetic leachate supply for 45 days. The results indicated that the highest hydraulic conductivity reduction occurred in the mixed sand microbial column with 98.8% when compared to stratified sand microbial column. The analysis of organic contaminants of the effluent leachate was also clearly shown that the mixed sand amended with microbes poses a suitable remedial measure when compared to natural and synthetic liners for controlling the leachate migration in the subsurface environment.
Magnetic field analysis of Morro do Leme nickel deposit
Authors: Louro Vinicius Hector Abud , Mantovani Marta Silvia Maria , Ribeiro Vanessa Biondo 
Published: October 2014

The Morro do Leme laterite nickel deposit lies inside the western border of the Parecis Basin (Brazil). This deposit is characterized by high concentrations of lateritic Ni (about 1.8%) and anomalous contents of Pd, Au, Cu, Na, Co, Zn, and Pt in a peridotite and dunite layered intrusion. Besides the existence of geochemical and drilling data, the 3D distribution in the subsurface of this layered intrusion is still unknown. An airborne magnetic survey revealed three east–west elongated magnetic anomalies, characterized by a significant remanent magnetization. The sources of these anomalies were delimitated laterally and had their depths estimated between 90 and 150 m, using techniques that use derivatives. Further, the total magnetization direction was obtained from a distortion analysis of the magnetic anomalies. All these data were united in an initial model for the 3D inversion of the magnetic data. The total and induced magnetization directions were attributed to the inverted model of 0.12 (SI) susceptibility, allowing indirect estimation of the remanence. The model, defined by the depth, the inversion, and the remanence estimates, linked the intrusion to analogue events in the Rondonian-San Ignácio Province. The results indicated that to explore for laterite Ni, the best locations are the southern part of the main anomaly and in the cover above the two smaller anomalies, whereas to explore for Pd, Au, Cu, Na, Co, Zn, and/or Pt, the indicated region is the central portion of the main anomaly.
Managing delirium in everyday practice: towards cognitive-friendly hospitals
Authors: O'Connell Henry , Kennelly Sean P. , Cullen Walter , Meagher David J. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryProviding optimal healthcare for increasingly elderly hospital populations who have high rates of cognitive disorder is a great challenge. Using delirium as an example, we describe how improved management of acute cognitive problems through a multifaceted hospital-wide programme can promote cognitive-friendly hospital environments. A specific plan of action is described that spans interventions in day-to-day clinical care of individual patients all the way to wider organisational practices.Learning Objectives•Understand the concept of cognitive friendliness and how addressing the problem of delirium can contribute to this in our healthcare system.•Become more aware of specific aspects of a cognitive-friendly programme and how these can be implemented in practice.•Explore the key outstanding issues for research that can further enhance our awareness of cognitive-friendly practices.
Dose–volume-related dysphagia after constrictor muscles definition in head and neck cancer intensity-modulated radiation treatment
Authors: Mazzola R , Ricchetti F , Fiorentino A , Fersino S , Giaj Levra N , Naccarato S , Sicignano G , Albanese S , Di Paola G , Alterio D , Ruggieri R , Alongi F 
Published: October 2014

Objective:
Dysphagia remains a side effect influencing the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) after radiotherapy. We evaluated the relationship between planned dose involvement and acute and late dysphagia in patients with HNC treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), after a recontouring of constrictor muscles (PCs) and the cricopharyngeal muscle (CM).

Methods:
Between December 2011 and December 2013, 56 patients with histologically proven HNC were treated with IMRT or volumetric-modulated arc therapy. The PCs and CM were recontoured. Correlations between acute and late toxicity and dosimetric parameters were evaluated. End points were analysed using univariate logistic regression.

Results:
An increasing risk to develop acute dysphagia was observed when constraints to the middle PCs were not respected [mean dose (Dmean) ≥50 Gy, maximum dose (Dmax) &gt;60 Gy, V50 &gt;70% with a p = 0.05]. The superior PC was not correlated with acute toxicity but only with late dysphagia. The inferior PC was not correlated with dysphagia; for the CM only, Dmax &gt;60 Gy was correlated with acute dysphagia ≥ grade 2.

Conclusion:
According to our analysis, the superior PC has a major role, being correlated with dysphagia at 3 and 6 months after treatments; the middle PC maintains this correlation only at 3 months from the beginning of radiotherapy, but it does not have influence on late dysphagia. The inferior PC and CM have a minimum impact on swallowing symptoms.

Advances in knowledge:
We used recent guidelines to define dose constraints of the PCs and CM. Two results emerge in the present analysis: the superior PC influences late dysphagia, while the middle PC influences acute dysphagia.
Secretomes of apoptotic mononuclear cells ameliorate neurological damage in rats with focal ischemia
Authors: Altmann Patrick , Mildner Michael , Haider Thomas , Traxler Denise , Beer Lucian , Ristl Robin , Golabi Bahar , Gabriel Christian , Leutmezer Fritz , Ankersmit Hendrik Jan 
Published: October 2014

The pursuit of targeting multiple pathways in the ischemic cascade of cerebral stroke is a promising treatment option. We examined the regenerative potential of conditioned medium derived from rat and human apoptotic mononuclear cells (MNC), rMNCapo sec and hMNCapo sec, in experimental stroke.We performed middle cerebral artery occlusion on Wistar rats and administered apoptotic MNC-secretomes intraperitoneally in two experimental settings. Ischemic lesion volumes were determined 48 hours after cerebral ischemia. Neurological evaluations were performed after 6, 24 and 48 hours. Immunoblots were conducted to analyze neuroprotective signal-transduction in human primary glia cells and neurons. Neuronal sprouting assays were performed and neurotrophic factors in both hMNCapo sec and rat plasma were quantified using ELISA.Administration of rat as well as human apoptotic MNC-secretomes significantly reduced ischemic lesion volumes by 36% and 37%, respectively. Neurological examinations revealed improvement after stroke in both treatment groups. Co-incubation of human astrocytes, Schwann cells and neurons with hMNCapo sec resulted in activation of several signaling cascades associated with the regulation of cytoprotective gene products and enhanced neuronal sprouting in vitro. Analysis of neurotrophic factors in hMNCapo sec and rat plasma revealed high levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).Our data indicate that apoptotic MNC-secretomes elicit neuroprotective effects on rats that have undergone ischemic stroke.
Typification of specific and infraspecific names in Asian Platanthera (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Efimov Petr G. , Jin Xiao-Hua 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTwenty names currently assigned to the genus Platanthera are lecto‐ or neotypified: Habenaria henryi, H. nematocaulon, H. pachycaulon, H. stenantha, H. zosterostyloides, Hemihabenaria stenantha var. auriculata, Platanthera chorisiana var. elata, P. delavayi, P. finetiana, P. florentii, P. komarovii, P. listeroides, P. mandarinorum, P. manubriata, P. matsudai, P. oreades, P. oreades var. brachycentron, P. oreades var. macrocentron, P. papuana and P. setchuanica.
Typification of the names Crepis pyrenaica and Crepisblattarioides (Compositae): Nomenclatural implications
Authors: Talavera María , Fernández-Piedra María Pilar , Talavera Salvador 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe names Hieracium pyrenaicum L. (≡ Crepis pyrenaica (L.) Greuter), H. pappoleucon (= C. pyrenaica), C. grandiflora Willd. (= C. pyrenaica), H. blattarioides L. (≡ Crepis blattarioides (L.) Vill.) and H. pyrenaicum var. helveticum L. (≡ H. conyzifolium Gouan; Crepis conyzifolia (Gouan) A.Kern.; = C. blattarioides) are discussed and lectotypified if necessary. Hieracium conyzifolium is homotypic with H. pyrenaicum var. helveticum L., which is a heterotypic synonym of H. blattarioides. Picris pyrenaica L. (≡ Hieracium pyrenaicum var. pilosum L.) is also a heterotypic synonym of Hieracium blattarioides L. The types of other names referable to these two species (Crepis pyrenaica and C. blattarioides) are also considered. The name Crepis conyzifolia was misapplied by some authors to the species properly known as C. pyrenaica (L.) Greuter. Also C. blattarioides (L.) Vill. is no longer treated as synonym of C. pyrenaica (L.) Greuter. Therefore C. pyrenaica (L.) Greuter and C. blattarioides (L.) Vill. should be recognized as two distinct species.
A type for Gomphia (Ochnaceae)—once again
Authors: Greuter Werner , Rodríguez Rosa Rankin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTwo previous attempts to designate a type for Gomphia Schreb. 1789 failed. The type here designated is Ochna nitida Sw. This confirms the status of Gomphia as a taxonomic synonym of Ouratea Aubl. 1775. Ochna squarrosa L. 1762 is a legitimate name, it is lectotypified here so as to make it a nomenclatural synonym of Ochna jabotapita L. 1753, confirming current practice.
Elucidating phylogenetic relationships and genus‐level classification within the fungal family Trypetheliaceae (Ascomycota: Dothideomycetes)
Authors: Nelsen Matthew P. , Lücking Robert , Aptroot André , Andrew Carrie J. , Cáceres Marcela , Plata Eimy Rivas , Gueidan Cécile , da Silva Canêz Luciana , Knight Allison , Ludwig Lars R. , Mercado-Díaz Joel A. , Parnmen Sittiporn , Lumbsch H. Thorsten 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWhile the phylogenetic position of Trypetheliaceae has been the subject of recent molecular studies, the relationships within this family have been little studied. Here we construct a detailed genus‐level phylogeny of the family. We confirm previous morphology‐based findings suggesting that a substantial proportion of genera are not monophyletic, and that an overemphasis has been placed on certain character state combinations which do not strictly reflect phylogenetic relationships. Specifically, patterns of ascospore septation, ostiole orientation and type of ascomatal aggregation are evolutionarily labile, and of limited utility for the delimitation of genera as currently circumscribed. We show that species from a number of genera includingAstrothelium, Bathelium, Cryptothelium, LaureraandTrypetheliumtogether form a strongly supported group, referred to here as the“Astrothelium” clade. Species from Aptrootia, Architrypethelium, Campylothelium, Marcelaria(L. purpurina and L. cumingii groups),Pseudopyrenulaand species from theTrypethelium eluteriaegroup fall outside of the “Astrothelium” clade and each form monophyletic groups. In contrast, species fromArthopyrenia, MycomicrotheliaandPolymeridiumfall outside of the “Astrothelium” clade, and do not form monophyletic groups. The data presented here validate earlier morphology‐based findings suggesting generic delimitations are in need of revision, and provides a first step towards identifying the utility of individual characters and identifying which characters and character state combinations may be useful for future classification.
No Claim? Your Gain: Design of Residual Value Extended Warranties Under Risk Aversion and Strategic Claim Behavior
Authors: Gallego Guillermo , Wang Ruxian , Hu Ming , Ward Julie , Beltran Jose Luis 
Published: November 2014

Traditional one-price-for-all extended warranties do not differentiate customers according to their risk attitudes, usage rates, or operating environment. These warranties are priced to cover the cost of high-usage customers who have more failures and are willing to pay a risk premium for their risk aversion. That makes traditional warranties economically unattractive to low-usage customers and those who are less risk averse. These issues can be addressed by residual value warranties, which refund part of the up-front price to customers who have zero or few claims according to a predetermined refund schedule. Residual value warranties may induce strategic claim behavior, since customers may prefer to pay for small failures out of pocket rather than claim failures now and give up potential refunds later. We design and price residual value warranties to maximize expected profits, taking into account strategic claim behavior and risk attitudes. For the constant absolute risk aversion model, we characterize customers’ optimal claim strategy as well as the net value and support cost for residual value warranties. Surprisingly, the total support cost to the service provider, including repair costs and refunds, is lower for more risk-averse customers under the residual value warranties, whereas their willingness to pay is higher. As contingent contracts, residual value warranties can better price discriminate customers than traditional warranties. We identify conditions under which residual value warranties are strictly more profitable than traditional warranties in a homogeneous market, as well as in heterogeneous markets that differ in various dimensions, such as risk attitude, failure rate, and repair cost.
Review
Authors: Bailey Sally 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Trauma-Informed Drama Therapy: Transforming Clinics, Classrooms, and Communities, Nisha Sajnani and David Read Johnson (eds) (2014) Springfield, IL: C.C. Thomas, 414 pp., ISBN: 9780398087760, Hardback, $72.95, ISBN: 9780398087777, Paperback, $52.95
Trauma-centered developmental transformations as exposure treatment for young children
Authors: Pitre Renée , Sajnani Nisha , Johnson David Read 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This article describes the use of Trauma-Centered Developmental Transformations therapy for imaginal exposure and desensitization of a young traumatized child. Case material is presented with detailed discussion of how the properties of developmental transformations can be successful in desensitizing a child to their traumatic past. The impact of gradual exposure, participation by the therapist and embodied play on establishing a safe space for exploring traumatic memories is described.
Three challenges for drama therapy research: Keynote NADTA conference, Montreal 2013
Authors: Jones Phil 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The article reviews the current state of drama therapy research and argues that changes are needed. It firstly uses a discourse analysis of published research to identify the ways in which the field is in danger of creating segregated ways of knowing and encountering clients. A case is made for more dialogue between the qualitative and quantitative, between creativity and spirituality and for the field to refer to the existing knowledge presented in drama therapy published research. The article considers the need to challenge the ways in which power dynamics within research can mean that certain approaches are validated or foregrounded rather than others. Interviews with arts therapists in different countries are used to identify the need to build published accounts of good quality practitioner research. It examines how individual accounts can grow into field knowledge and contribute to meta- or systematic reviews.
Self-reactive and transplacental-acquired maternal T cells in SCID patients—time to update
Authors: Somech Raz 
Published: October 2014

Patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) typically present with profoundly reduced T cells. In some cases, however, T cells may be affected by defects that allow some T-cell development but compromise T-cell function such as in Omenn syndrome (OS), which is characterized by impaired T cell differentiation in the presence of abnormal self-reactive cells. One distinctive feature of SCID patients, which can sometimes resemble the clinical picture of OS, is the presence of alloreactive cells that originated from transplacentally acquired maternal T lymphocytes. The traditional view is that self-reactive cells and transplacentally acquired maternal T cells cannot occur concomitantly in the same OS patient. This review provides an updated functional characterization of transplacentally acquired maternal T cells and compares them with the T cells of an OS patient. An unusual case of an immunodeficient SCID patient with a mild OS phenotype is also presented. This patient had both self-reactive cells and transplacentally acquired maternal T cells, allowing us to simultaneously evaluate the function and tolerance capacities of both cell types. We propose that coexistence of autologous and maternal T cells in patients exhibiting mild OS symptoms was rejected because it had not been studied before and not because the cells are mutually exclusive. Moreover, taking into consideration the milder clinical phenotype associated with transplacentally acquired maternal T cells in SCID patients, we believe that these cells may provide some degree of immunity and prevent autoimmunity, even though they do not actually function to protect against infections.Statement of novelty: Autologous and transplacental-acquired maternal T cells can coexist in the same SCID patient. Although both cell types are nonfunctional for protecting against infections, maternal cells provide some degree of immunity and therefore are associated with only mild GVHD symptoms.
Vector-valued multiresolution analysis on local fields
Authors: Abdullah  
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper,
we study vector-valued multiresolution analysis on local fields of positive characteristic p. The associated subspace V
0 of

L
2

(
K
,

ℂ
N

)

$L^2(K, \mathbb {C}^N)$

has an orthonormal basis, a collection of translates of the scaling function ϕ of the form

{
ϕ

(
t
-
u

(
k
)

)

}

k
∈
ℙ

$\lbrace \varphi (t- u(k))\rbrace _{ k \in \mathbb {P}}$

, where

ℙ
=
{
0
,
1
,
2
,
...
}

$\mathbb {P}=\lbrace 0, 1, 2,\ldots \rbrace $

. We find the necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of associated wavelets.
The value of red blood cell distribution width in endometrial cancer
Authors: Kemal Yasemin , Demirag Guzin , Baş Berk , Önem Soner , Teker Fatih , Yücel İdris 
Published: October 2014

AbstractRed cell distribution width (RDW) is a routinely examined parameter with the complete blood count. In recent studies, RDW levels have been associated with cardiovascular, liver and renal diseases and solid tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the alterations of RDW levels in benign and malignant causes of postmenopausal bleeding and to investigate the association of RDW levels with clinicopathological parameters of endometrial cancer (EC) patients.A retrospective study was made of a total of 884 females who were admitted to hospital for postmenopausal bleeding between May 2009 and December 2013. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 222 patients remained. Complete blood count data was obtained from the recorded computerized database. After pathological evaluation, the patients were divided into two groups, benign and malignant (EC).The EC group (n=113) had significantly higher RDW levels compared to the benign group (14.78±2.02 vs. 13.88±1.05; p=0.000). Grade II and above EC patients had higher levels of RDW than Grade I patients (15.2±2.3 vs. 14.1±1.00; p=0.005). Correlation analyses also revealed a negative correlation between RDW and hemoglobin levels (p=0.000), RDW and mean corpuscular volume (p=0.000), RDW and lymphocyte count (p=0.035) but a positive correlation between RDW and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (p=0.030).The results of the current study revealed the potential predicitve role of RDW in patients with postmenopausal bleeding. Significant associations were also determined between RDW and clinicopathological characteristics in EC patients.