bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma gangliosides and age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: DOSSARPS D , MASSON EA , BERDEAUX O , BRON A , CREUZOT‐GARCHER C , BRETILLON L 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial and polygenic disease and is the main cause of vision loss in developed countries after 50 years old. Indeed, dry AMD leads to progressive retinal atrophy and exsudative AMD induces a rapid alteration of the macula through neovascularisation. Gangliosides (GG) make a wide and heterogeneous family of sialic‐acid‐containing glycosphingolipids, composed of a sugar chain branched on a ceramide. They are major components of cellular membranes and are particularly abundant in the brain and nervous tissue, including retina. They are also found circulating in the plasma. GG are known for their neuroprotective properties in the nervous system and retina. The present study aimed to determine whether plasma GG could represent biomarkers of AMD.Methods The study included 90 subjects divided into 3 groups: control, dry AMD and exsudative AMD. For each subject, plasma GG were extracted, purified and analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.Results GM3 appeared to be by far the major GG of human plasma. Small amounts of GD3, GM2, GD1a and GD1b could also be detected, but no specific species could be identified in the plasma of AMD patients. Fifteen molecular species of GM3 were identified accounting for the variability in the ceramide moiety of the GG molecule. Analyses revealed no significant differences in the proportion of the different GM3 species between control, dry and exsudative AMD patient groups.Conclusion Although GG are important for retina’s structure and function, it seems they cannot be used as circulating markers of the retinal damages occurring during the course of AMD.
Inflammatory cytokines decrease viability and alter ganglioside profile in retinal pigment epithelium cells
Authors: MASSON EA , DOSSARPS D , BERDEAUX O , BRON A , CREUZOT‐GARCHER C , BRETILLON L 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Early stages of Age related Macular Degeneration (AMD) are characterized by dysfunction and degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, which participate in the death of the overlying photoreceptors ultimately leading to loss of vision. Gangliosides (GG) make a wide and heterogeneous family of sialic‐acid‐containing glycosphingolipids, composed of a sugar chain branched on a ceramide. They are major components of cellular membranes, particularly abundant in the brain and nervous tissue, including retina. While their developmental and neuroprotective actions have been demonstrated, their precise role in retina’s function and its pathologies is still poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the role of GG in the response of RPE cells to inflammation, which is known as one of the pathophysiological features of AMD.Methods Cultured human RPE cells (ARPE19) were exposed to an inflammatory cytokine mixture (ICM): TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IFN‐g for 72 hours. Cell viability was assessed and GG were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.Results ICM had deleterious effects on ARPE19 viability: cell number decreased by half between control and treated conditions. GM3 appeared to be the main GG class present in ARPE19 cells. Interestingly, ICM exposure was associated with modifications in the GM3 profile: relative amounts d18:1/16:0 species increased whereas those of d18:1/24:1 species decreased.Conclusion Our observations suggest that GG might be implicated in ARPE19 cell response to inflammatory cytokines, although the precise biological role of the change in fatty acid profile of GM3 still needs to be clarified.
Blue light toxic action spectrum on A2E‐loaded RPE cells in sunlight normalized conditions
Authors: BIGOT K , BARRAU C , GONDOUIN P , VILLETTE T , SAHEL JA , PICAUD S 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Sunlight exposure is supposed to induce cumulative damage to the retina in retinal pathologies, such as AMD. The high energy visible spectrum between 380 nm and 500 nm (blue light) is incriminated. The goal of this study was to identify the spectrum of retinal toxicity induced by sunlight in physiological irradiance conditions.Methods RPE cells incubated for 6 hours with 0, 12.5, 20 and 40 µM of A2E were exposed for 18 hours to 10 nm illumination bands with the first band centered at 390 nm and going up to 520 nm. Light irradiances were normalized with respect to the natural sunlight reaching the retina after filtering by the eye ocular media. Six hours after light exposure, cell viability, necrosis and caspase‐3/7 activity were assessed using the Apotox‐Glo Triplex Assay.Results A2E‐loaded RPE cells presented fluorescent bodies within the cytoplasm with a similar spectrum to that of A2E. Exposure to the 10 nm illumination bands induced morphological changes associated to a loss in cell viability. Light toxicity was dependant of A2E concentration and was higher in the blue spectral range with maxima in a specific 30 to 40 nm bandwidth. In addition, caspase‐3/7 activity, indicative of cell apoptosis, was highly induced by the same narrow range whereas necrosis was not significantly different to that of cells maintained in darkness.Conclusion We described for the first time the precise spectrum of light toxicity in physiological irradiance conditions on an in vitro model of AMD. The 415‐455 nm narrow spectral range generated the greatest phototoxic risk to RPE cells. This provides new information for designing selective protective filters, without disrupting visual and non‐visual functions.
Chicken peptidylarginine deiminase type I and III are constitutively expressed in the retinal neuron
Authors: SHIMIZU A , HONDA T , KOJIMA T , KOHSAKA T , TAKAHARA H 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) is a post‐translational modification enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of protein‐bound arginine residues to citrulline residues in the presence of calcium ion. PAD genes are distributed generally throughout vertebrates. In chickens, three PAD genes have been identified and are orthologous to the mammalian genes encoding PAD1, PAD2 and PAD3, respectively. The expression levels and tissue/cellar location of each PAD under normal physiological conditions have not been elucidated as yet.Methods cPAD1 or cPAD3 specific antibodies were prepared from rabbits immunized with a synthetic peptide and used for western blot analyses and immunohistochemistry assays. To determine the intracellular localization of chicken PADs in retina cells, immunoelectron microscopy was also carried out. Whether or not the deiminated proteins were produced in retinal tissues was also examined by immunohistochemistry using an anti‐modified citrulline detection method.Results We found that both cPAD1 and cPAD3 are expressed in the chicken retina. cPAD1 was localized in the inner nuclear layer (INL) whereas cPAD3 was localized in the outer photoreceptor (OP). cPAD3 was present at especially high levels of detection in the lamella structure. Deiminated proteins were also detected in the INL and OP, suggesting that cPAD1 and cPAD3 function in the chicken retina under normal physiological conditions.Conclusion Our findings suggest that chicken PAD1 and PAD3 play a homeostatic role in the chicken retina in governing sight.
A drug‐induced central retinal vein occlusion
Authors: BAUDOT A , TRECHOT F , BATTA B , ANGIOI K 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To report a case of central retinal vein occlusion probably caused by tranexamic acid medication.Methods A 45‐year‐old woman consulted in our emergency room because of a visual field defect in a her left eye without visual loss. Her past medical history revealed metrorrhagias treated by tranexamic acid and no cardiovascular disease. Visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Slit‐lamp examination was normal in both eyes and fundus examination showed peri‐papillary haemorrhages LE. Two days later she complained of sudden visual loss LE. Visual acuity of her left eye was limited to light perception. Fundus examination revealed many haemorrhages, macular edema, and papillary edema. Fluorescein angiography showed central retinal vein occlusion associated with a cilioretinal occlusion. General and biological examinations revealed no abnormalities. Systemic disorders were excluded. Therefore we concluded to a iatrogenic pathology.Results In our patient after excluding systemic disorders potentially responsible for this ocular pathology we suspected a iatrogenic cause. Tranexamic acid is a classical treatment for haemorrhages especially in case of metrorrhagias. It allows haemostasis thanks to an antifibrinolytic action due to plasminogen inhibition. A few cases of vein and arterial occlusions caused by tranexamic acid treatment have been reported in literature.Conclusion In a young patient without systemic disorder presenting with a retinal vascular occlusion we must always keep in mind a drug‐induced pathology.
Serum concentrations of infliximab in patients with Behçet's disease
Authors: TAGUCHI C , INOUE R , YAMAKAWA R 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose We investigated the relationship between the serum concentrations of infliximab (IFX), an anti‐tumor necrosis factor‐alpha monoclonal antibody, and its therapeutic effect in patients with Behçet's disease (BD) who were receiving IFX therapy.Methods Nine BD patients (7 males and 2 females) with uveitis who were receiving IFX therapy for 1 years or longer were included in this study. IFX (5‐6 mg/kg) was administered at weeks 0, 2, and 6 and thereafter every 8 weeks. After informed consent was obtained, peripheral blood samples were collected before the IFX infusion. The serum concentrations of IFX were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results In the 6 patients who did not develop any uveitis attacks, the mean serum concentration of IFX was 3.6‐13.5 μg/ml, while the mean concentration was < 0.1‐1.58 μg/ml in three patients who had uveitis attacks. We speculate that the uveitis attacks occurred in the three patients because of the low IFX concentrations, and shortened the IFX administration interval from 8 weeks to 6 or 7 weeks. Thereafter, two of the three patients did not have any uveitis attacks. The serum concentration of IFX in the two patients was increased from 0.1 to 5.5 μg/ml and 0.2 to 3.6 μg/ml, respectively, whereas the concentration in one patient who had uveitis attacks was <0.1 μg/ml, and the neutralizing antibody titre to IFX was negative. The serum concentration of IFX was correlated with its efficacy.Conclusion Measurement of IFX serum concentration is useful to predict treatment efficacy in BD patients.
Suppression of TRPV 1 channels activity is a possible way in treatment of ophthalmic diseases
Authors: MIRONOVA E , GRISHIN E , PCHELINTSEVA O , KOROLKOVA U 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose The superfamily TRP (Transient Receptor Potential Channels), including subfamily TRPV (1‐6) channels, play an important role in regulation of eye homeostasis and development of ophthalmic pathology (Zhang F. et.all, 2007). The purpose of the paper is to study the possibility of suppression of TRPV1 channels activity that can promote braking of pathological processes in the cornea and the retina.Methods In experiment the action of laminaria dry extract is investigated on the stable line of CHO cells, expressing the receptor of the rat TRPV1 (rTRPV1). This line was received with use of the T‐REx System (Invitrogene). kDNA coding rTRPV1, was cloned in an induced expressed vector of pcDNA4/TO. The expression of TRPV1 was induced by addition of tetracycline on cellular environment (1g/ml) in 24 hours prior to testing. The selected monoclones with the greatest level of an expression of TRPV1 were used. The fluorescent analysis was carried out with the automatic system of dispensing of NOVOstar liquids (BMG LABTECH). Change of cellular fluorescence (λex=485 nm, λem=520 nm) before and after stimulation of cells agonist TRPV1 ‐ capsaicin (400 nM) in the presence of various concentrations of laminariadry extract was studied. Measurements were performed at pH7.4 and 37 °C.Results In experiment it was established that an application of the laminaria in concentration of 4‐5 mg/ml on cells with an expressed receptor of TRPV1 considerable falling (30‐50%) Ca2+ response of cells at a single activation of cells with the capsaicin.Conclusion Thus, the extract of laminaria shows a considerable inhibiting activity in relation to TRPV1 to channels. It may be one of the ways in the treatment of ophthalmic pathology.
Reproducibility of retrobulbar blood flow velocity measurements using two different colour Doppler imaging devices
Authors: VERTICCHIO VERCELLIN AC , CUTOLO CA , DELLAFIORE C , LAVA M , RAIMONDI M , LANTERI S , ROLANDO M , LOMBARDO S , DISTANTE P , BOSSOLESI L , TINELLI C , MILANO G 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the intra and inter‐operator reproducibility of color Doppler imaging (CDI) in assessing blood flow velocity in the ophthalmic (OA), central retinal (CRA) and short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCA)Methods The right eye of two group of 8 healthy volunteers was examined. Two radiologists and two ophthalmologists, divided into pairs, measured Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV), End‐Diastolic Velocity (EDV) and Resistivity Index (RI) of each vessel using a different CDI device for each group. The concordance between two measurements was evaluated with Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC)Results Globally very good degrees of intra‐operator concordance were obtained for the PSV (0,859), EDV (0,834) and RI (0,859) of the OA. There was moderate concordance for PSV (0,574) and EDV (0,594) and good concordance for RI (0,694) for the CRA. Good degrees of concordance were obtained for the SPCA measurements. However inter‐operator concordance was found globally poorConclusion These data show that retrobulbar vessels CDI measurements are operator dependent. To increase the intra‐operator and inter‐operator concordance rules should be adopted for timing of the exam and probe position to minimize the pressure applied on the eye
Fundus autofluorescence, OCT thickness evaluation, angiography and immunohistochemistry correlation in albino P23H rats
Authors: PINILLA I , FERNANDEZ‐SANCHEZ L , SEGURA FJ , SANCHEZ‐CANO A , FUENTES‐BROTO L , TAMARIT JM , LOPEZ DE LA FUENTE C , PEREZ‐GARCIA D , RAMIRO P , CUENCA N 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the correlation between OCT changes and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) with immunohistochemistry (ICC) findings in an animal model of RP, the P23H rat and to investigate retinal and choroidal vascularization using fluorescein and indocianin green angiographyMethods Twenty albino homozigous P23H line 1 rats aging from P18 to 27 months and wild‐type albino Sprague‐Dawley (SD rats) (2 and 11 months old) were used for this study. Normal pigmented Long Evans (LE) 2 months old were used to compare FAF findings. SLO imaging and OCT were acquired using an Spectralis system (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany). For checking FAF, fluorescence was excited using diode laser at 488 nm. Thickness measurements were evaluated avoiding the ones close to the optic nerve. ICC was performed to correlate with the findings of OCT and AF changesResults During the course of P23H degeneration, the FAF pattern varied from not findings in young animals, some spotting at 2 months old to a mosaic of hyperfluorescent dots in the rats of 6 months or older. Retinal thicknesses diminished during the time. P23H rats showed great changes in morphology in advanced ages. Mean retinal thickness values varied from 189.88 μm at P60 to 58.15 μm at 27 months old. Retinal vascular plexus were diminished with time, and vessels exhibiting an abnormal, tortuous morphology could be observed.Conclusion FAF is a non‐invasive procedure that can detect changes in metabolic activity at the RPE in animal models of retinal degeneration in vivo. OCT and ICC show a good correlation. Retinal vascular plexus changes with aging.
Proteomic analysis of the retina in mice deficient in glial fibrillary acid protein and vimentin
Authors: MANDAL N , HONORÉ B , VORUM H , PEREZ MT 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Investigate the mechanisms underlying functional differences observed in glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) and vimentin knockout mice.Methods Retinal tissue was harvested from 21‐day‐old mice lacking GFAP and vimentin (GFAP(‐/‐)vim(‐/‐); n=6), and age‐matched wild‐type (wt; n=6) controls. The retinal samples were evaluated by two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SYPRO Ruby fluorescent stain, and PDQuest software image analysis. Protein spots that were differentially expressed between the two groups were processed for identification by tandem mass spectrometry, prior to further ongoing investigations with western blotting and immunocytochemistry.Results Thirteen protein spots were found to be differentially expressed between the GFAP(‐/‐)vim(‐/‐) and wt mouse retinas, as determined by Mann Whitney U test with a significance level at p< 0.05.Conclusion The proteins identified are involved in a wide range of biological processes that include glial cell differentiation and development, neuroprotective and neurotrophic actions, redox homeostasis, cell adhesion and migration, and cytoskeletal remodeling. This study will further our understanding of the role of GFAP and vimentin in the retina, and likely provide new insights into various conditions that involve retinal cell degeneration and glial cell activation.
Long‐term results and prognostic factors for visual acuity after diabetic vitrectomy: A 10‐year follow‐up study
Authors: OSTRI C 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To report long‐term results and estimate long‐term prognostic factors for visual acuity following modern diabetic vitrectomy.Methods Retrospective review of patient files from a large diabetes center between 1996 and 2010. Surgical history was obtained from the Danish National Patient Register. Follow‐up intervals were 3 months and 1, 3, 5 and 10 years after surgery.Results In total, 167 patients had diabetic vitrectomy. Surgery indications were non‐clearing vitreous hemorrhage (47%) or tractional retinal detachment (53%). Median visual acuity increased from 0.06 before surgery to 0.21 after surgery (p<0.001) and stabilized. The proportion of patients with reading ability stabilized as from the 3‐month follow‐up. After 10 years, 66% of the operated eyes were pseudophakic or aphakic and 13% carried silicone oil. Preoperative iris rubeosis was correlated with inability to read after 1 and 3 years (p<0.04). Use of silicone oil was correlated with inability to read at all follow‐up examinations (p<0.05).Conclusion After diabetic vitrectomy, visual acuity improved and stabilized as from the 3‐month follow‐up. The most consistent long‐term predictor of unfavorable visual acuity was use of silicone oil as tamponade agent. The results can be used to counsel patients on the risk of complications after surgery.
Live retinal image mosaicking during fundus examination with a computer‐assisted slit‐lamp prototype
Authors: GUILLEMOT C , RICHA R , COMUNELLO E , VON WANGENHEIM A , SCHNITZLER JY , WASSMER B , HAGER G , TAYLOR R , THURET G , GAIN P 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Laser photocoagulation is the standard treatment for sight‐threatening diseases worldwide, namely diabetic retinopathy. The slit lamp biomicroscope coupled to the laser permit the visualisation of only a small portion of the retina, complicating the task of localizing and identifying laser targets, increasing treatment duration and patient discomfort. Aim: to assist ophthalmologist, we propose a method for creating intra‐operative retina maps for view expansion using a slit‐lamp biomicroscopeMethods Based on the mosaicking method previously described by Richa R (Medical Image Computing and Computer‐Assisted Intervention (MICCAI’12) the method was a combination of direct and feature‐based methods, suitable for the textured nature of the human retina. We used two major enhancements to the original formulation: (1) an efﬁcient pixel selection scheme for increased computational efﬁciency; (2) an entropy‐based mosaic update method for coping with the variable visualization conditions during the procedure. We also implemented a blending method to generate a photo‐realistic retina mosaicResults Several experiments on retinal mosaicking in live on human (without laser at this moment) with a computer‐assisted slit‐lamp prototype will be presentedConclusion Computer‐assisted slit‐lamp prototype could be usefull in a next future for retinal documentation and laser navigation
Commercial interest
Phacoemulcification with intravitreal bevacizumab injection in patients with cataract and diabetic clinically significant macular edema
Authors: CHEBIL A , CHAKER N , KORT F , JEDIDI L , LARGUECHE L , EL MATRI L 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To evaluate efficacy of intravitreal injection of bevacizumab at the time of cataract surgery in patients with diabetic clinically significant macular edema.Methods Eighteen diabetic patients, with clinically significant macular edema and cataract who have undergone phacoemulsification with intravitreal injection of 1.25 mg bevacizumab at the time surgery, were retrospectively evaluated. All patients were evaluated by spectral OCT before, 1 month, and 3 months after the surgery. The main parameters were the best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT). Paired samples t‐test was used for statistical analysis.Results The mean best‐corrected visual acuity was 0.16 ± 0.07 at baseline, 0.63 ± 0.44 at 1 month and 0.68 ± 0.12 at 3 months after the surgery. The BCVA levels recorded at 1 month and 3 months after the surgery were significantly higher than the initial BCVA (P = 0.001). The mean CMT was 384.4 ± 102.4 μm at baseline, 288 ± 44.1 μm at 1 month and 254.9 ± 11.9 μm at 3 months after the surgery. The CMT values recorded at 1 month and 3 months after the surgery were significantly lower than the initial CMT (P < 0.001, P < 0.001).Conclusion Phacoemulsification with intravitreal injection of bevacizumab at the time of cataract surgery provides a decrease in CMT with a gain in BCVA in diabetic patients with clinically significant macular edema and cataract.
Branch retinal vein occlusion and vitreovascular traction: An SD‐OCT case‐control study
Authors: ASCASO FJ , PADGET E , VILLéN L , HUERVA V , ZABADANI K , DEL BUEY MA , CRISTóBAL JA 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To determine the prevalence of vitreovascular traction at the obstruction site in patients diagnosed with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods In this prospective observational case‐control study thirty‐two consecutive cases of BRVO were studied with spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) to detect the presence of vitreovascular traction or vitreous adhesión at the occlusion site. The fellow eye was used as control.Results SD‐OCT directed to the occlusion site revealed a vitreovascular traction in eight eyes (25%). In fourteen eyes (43.75%) an adherent posterior hyaloid without signs of traction was found. Regarding to the same vessel segment of the fellow eye, none of the controls revealed vitreovascular traction, while vitreous adherence was present in 12 (37.5%). Vitreovascular traction at the occlusion site was significantly associated with BRVO (p=0.024, Chi‐squared test).Conclusion Vitreous traction at the occlusion site could play a role in the etiology of some cases of BRVO.