bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness of low-astigmatism correction with toric or spherical intraocular lenses combined with corneal incisions: an economic evaluation
Authors: Ginel José , Rodríguez-Vallejo Manuel , Piñero David , Sáez-Martín Alejandro , Haro De Rosario Arturo , Fernández Joaquín 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
To assess the cost-effectiveness of the treatment of low corneal astigmatism (≤1.5 diopters) at the moment of cataract surgery.

Setting:
Qvision, Ophthalmology Department, VITHAS Almería Hospital, Spain.

Design:
Economic evaluation.

Methods:
A decision tree was used to assess the cost-effectiveness of implanting spherical vs toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) or spherical lens combined with the following corneal incisions: limbal-relaxing incisions conducted manually (M-LRI) or assisted by femtosecond laser (F-LRI), arcuate keratotomies conducted manually (M-AK) or assisted by femtosecond laser (F-AK), and intrastromal arcuate keratotomies (F-iAK). Outcomes of cost were selected from a patient perspective considering the gross cost of each one of the surgeries at European centers, and the effectiveness variable was the probability of achieving a visual acuity of 20/20 postoperatively. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the uncertainty considering the evidence retrieved from the transition probabilities of the model, effectiveness, and cost.

Results:
F-AK or toric IOLs were the most effective treatments, increasing an 16% or 9%, respectively, in the percentage of eyes attaining 20/20 vision. The M-LRI, F-iAK, and F-LRI procedures were strongly dominated while the M-AK and toric IOL were weakly dominated by the F-AK. A patient with low corneal astigmatism would need to be willing to pay 360€ (95% CI, 231-1224) with F-AK and 472€ (95% CI, 149-4490) with toric IOLs for a 10% increase in the probability of achieving 20/20 vision.

Conclusions:
From patient perspective, F-AK was generally the most cost-effective treatment, although toric IOLs can dominate in some countries.
Temporal trends and projections in the global burden of neck pain: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Cheng Siqing , Cao Jin , Hou Leying , Li Shuting , Sun Weidi , Shan Shiyi , Zhao Jianhui , Yao Lingzi , Li Xue , He Bin , Song Peige 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trends from 1990 to 2019 of neck pain burden, focusing on age-standardized incidence rates, age-standardized prevalence rates, and age-standardized years lived with disability (YLDs) rates at the global, regional, and national levels. The age–period–cohort analysis was used to estimate the effects of age (5-99 years), period (1990-2019), and cohort (1893-2012) at the global, regional, and national levels. Future projections for the global burden of neck pain from 2020 to 2044 were estimated using the nordpred age–period–cohort model. From 1990 to 2019, the global incidence, prevalence cases, and YLDs counts of neck pain have increased by 71.89%, 98.21%, and 78.17%, respectively. The joinpoint analysis indicated significant shifts in the global trends of age-standardized neck pain burden, which varied across regions and nations. The age–period–cohort model indicated that the neck pain burden was predominantly concentrated in middle-aged and older age, with period and cohort effects showing minimal variation from 1990 to 2019. Compared with 2019, the incident cases, prevalent cases, and YLDs counts of neck pain were projected to increase by 134%, 142%, and 140% by 2044. The global burden of neck pain has persisted at a relatively elevated level from 1990 to 2019, with projections indicating a continuing upward trend. Future research is urgently needed to better understand the predictors and clinical course of neck pain and to enhance prevention and management strategies.
Frequent Error Augmentation Training in Physical Therapy Post Stroke
Authors: Farrelly Sinead , Boan Andrea D. , Hartnett John , Monsch Emily , Hartis Audrey , Bowden Mark , Kautz Steve , Holmstedt Christine 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The purpose of this pilot trial was to evaluate the impact of increased frequency of physical therapy sessions with error augmentation on functional mobility and disability outcomes in patients with acute stroke. We hypothesized that participants receiving frequent error augmentation physical therapy interventions (F-EA-PT) would demonstrate a higher degree of improvement on functional mobility and disability measures from admission to two post-intervention time points (treatment day 3, discharge, or 90-day follow-up).

Methods:
We allocated 100 individuals to receive either F-EA-PT or standard-of-care physical therapy (SOC-PT). The F-EA-PT group received physical therapy with error augmentation twice daily for 3 out of the first 5 days of hospitalization, and daily treatment sessions thereafter. Error augmentation training emphasizes impairments throughout mobility to challenge the individual, rather than facilitating normal movement patterns. The SOC-PT group received treatment once daily for 3 to 5 days per week. Assessments included National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care (AM-PAC), and Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke (PASS). A repeated measures mixed model approach compared treatment groups for all outcomes.

Results:
The F-EA-PT group demonstrated larger magnitudes of reduction of − 1.34 on NIHSS (P = .0426) and − 0.81 on mRS (P = .0037) from admission to 90-day follow-up compared to the SOC-PT group. The F-EA-PT group demonstrated larger magnitudes of change in AM-PAC of 2.12 at treatment day 3 (P = .0009) and 2.75 at discharge (P < .0001) compared to SOC-PT. F-EA-PT group experienced greater improvement in PASS over the SOC-PT group with a difference in change of 4.08 at treatment day 3 (P = .0019) and 4.45 at discharge (P = .001).

Conclusions:
Intervening with a regimen focused on increased frequency and error augmentation from a physical therapy standpoint was safe with only one adverse event and demonstrated significant improvements in functional outcomes post stroke above those seen with the standard-of-care regimen, as evidenced by PASS and AM-PAC scores.
Occurrence of Dysrhythmias During Ventilatory Weaning and Its Association With Length of Mechanical Ventilation and In-hospital Complications
Authors: Hammash Muna H. , Moser Debra K. 
Published: June 2024

Background
The occurrence of cardiac dysrhythmias during ventilatory weaning and its impact on the length of ventilation and occurrence of complications have not been systematically investigated.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between cardiac dysrhythmias during weaning and the duration of ventilation and complications during ventilator weaning.

Method
Data on the length of ventilation and complications were collected from the medical records of 30 mechanically ventilated patients. Continuous electrocardiographic recordings were collected at baseline and during the initial weaning trial. Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between dysrhythmias and length of ventilation. The relationship between prolonged ventilation and complications was assessed using the χ2 analysis.

Results
Supraventricular ectopic beats during weaning positively predicted the length of ventilation (P < .01). Prolonged ventilation (>7 days) is associated with the occurrence of renal insufficiency and septicemia.

Conclusion
The association between the occurrence of supraventricular ectopic beats during ventilator weaning and the length of ventilation requires further evaluation and tailored management to improve patient outcomes.
Diving Into Sports Specialization: The Association of Early Specialization on Injury Rates in Youth to Young Adult Divers
Authors: Lenz Annika , Provance Aaron , Johnson Luke August , Teramoto Masaru 
Published: June 2024

Objectives:
This study explored the link between early sports specialization and injury rates in youth divers, a relationship that remains largely unexplored within diving.

Design:
Cross-sectional survey.

Setting:
Members of the USA Diving Organization and collegiate male and female divers participated in an online survey, reporting their sports involvement and injury history.

Participants:
One hundred eighty-two male and female divers aged 8 to 25 years were recruited through USA Diving or US collegiate team databases.

Independent Variables:
Early/late specialization (based on age <12 or 12 years or older), gender (M/F), springboard and/or platform divers, experience (junior/senior, regional/zone/national/international), hours of dryland/water training, and prior sport exposure.

Main Outcome Measures:
Injury history obtained on questionnaire.

Results:
One hundred eighty-two divers were surveyed; 70% female. Age to start diving and age to concentrate solely on diving were significantly associated with certain injuries (P < 0.05). Beginning diving before age 13 years of age was significantly associated with lower odds of injuries in the shoulder and wrist (P = 0.013 and 0.018, respectively), after adjusting for select covariates. Age of specialization was not significantly associated with injuries in any body part (P > 0.05), after adjusting for covariates. Greater years of diving experience was significantly associated with diving injuries in all 11 body parts (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
This study indicates that early sports specialization is associated with decreased injury rates in elite youth divers who specialized before age 13 years, particularly for head/neck, shoulder, and wrist injuries. Moreover, we observed a positive correlation between experience and injury rate. Further investigation should focus on distinguishing between acute and overuse injuries.
Heterotopic ossification Post-Guillain–Barre syndrome in Saudi Arabia: a case report
Authors: Aldhilan Mansour M. , Alshahrani Abdullah H. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the formation of bone within the soft tissues. It can be a complication of Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS). There are many risk factors for HO, including male sex, mechanical ventilation, and neurogenic trauma. Myelin and axons are the main targets and areas of injury in GBS, an autoimmune-inflammatory neuropathy. Literature shows that this may possibly be associated with the initial administration of the COVID-19 vaccine and GBS.

Presentation of the case:
A 27-year-old male was diagnosed with bile reflux gastritis. Days later, he presented to the emergency room (ER) with progressive weakness and a critical condition that required ICU. The patient undergoes intubation and remains in the ICU for 4 months. The patient, after extensive rehabilitation, started to complain of left hip pain and limitations of motion. Radiographs confirmed the HO diagnosis. Past drug history showed patients received a single dose of the COVID-19 vaccine 15 days before presentation to the ER.

Discussion:
There is no clear association between the COVID-19 vaccination and GBS. HO is the formation of abnormal bone within soft tissue. HO post-GBS usually affects large joints like the hips, knees, and shoulders. Researchers poorly understand the pathogenesis of GBS.

Conclusion:
Despite the absence of a definitive correlation between GSB and the COVID-19 vaccine. Physicians should maintain a state of suspicion while treating patients with a progressive weakness. Additional research is required.
Hoffa’s fat pad ganglion cyst of the knee: a case report of a rare cause of knee pain and swelling
Authors: Khadka Sabir K. , Banmala Sabin , Pandey Ashmita , Pandey Rakshya , Khadka Sushant K. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction and importance:
Hoffa’s fat pad (HFP), also known as infrapatellar fat pad, is one of the three fat pads in the knee. Ganglion cyst (GC) rarely arises from HFP which presents knee pain and swelling.

Case presentation:
A 43-year-old female presented with left knee pain for 1 year and swelling in her left knee for 6 months. Clinical examination revealed a palpable swelling of size around 3 cm×2 cm over the anteromedial aspect of the left knee. The size of the swelling increased on extension and decreased on flexion of the knee. A musculoskeletal ultrasound of the left knee revealed a lobulated anechoic lesion of size ∼2.3 cm×2 cm in HFP. Open excision of cystic mass through medial parapatellar approach was done, and histopathological examination showed findings consistent with GC. At 6 months follow-up, there was no residual swelling and no recurrence. She was symptom-free on her recent evaluation after 1 year of operation.

Clinical discussion:
GCs arising from HFP are much rarer among the cysts around the knee. Diagnosis is primarily done by magnetic resonance imaging. However, the use of ultrasonography has grown in the diagnosis of the GC. Among different modalities of treatment, open excision is the most recommended to prevent recurrence and incomplete resection.

Conclusions:
This case illustrates the importance of ultrasonography in the early diagnosis of HFP GC and reserving more costly and time-consuming imaging modality magnetic resonance imaging for localizing the extent of the cyst. We recommend an open resection to avoid recurrence and incomplete resection of the cyst.
Lessons Learned From Data Falsification During an Academic Course Using A Root-Cause Analysis
Authors: Silvern Racheli , Shvartsur Rachel , Kagan Ilya , Savitsky Bella 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Fabricating data or creating fictitious datasets undermines research credibility with severe consequences.

Purpose:
To describe a data falsification incident that occurred during an undergraduate nursing research seminar and share the subsequent corrective measures employed at individual and class levels.

Methods:
The students involved in the falsification were asked to identify the incident’s factors using an Ishikawa diagram and the 5M-Model approach, presenting their findings to the class.

Results:
In guided meetings, students offered diverse perspectives on the incident’s causes, thoroughly examining the decision-making process behind data falsification, considering motives and emotions. Despite initial tension, the atmosphere improved as students displayed openness and honesty.

Conclusions:
The current case study uniquely combines educational concepts with an approach to establishing a constructive organizational culture, incorporating tools from risk management and treatment safety. Academia should study adverse events, engage students in learning, and emphasize the integration of ethical codes in academia and nursing.
The Hope and Reality of Pain Relief Using Psychological Manipulations
Authors: Derbyshire Stuart W.G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Many patients suffer from chronic pain despite the absence of injury or sufficient biomedical disease to explain their pain. These pains are highly resistant to treatment. Psychological therapies designed to help patients undermine the negative thought and behavioral patterns that maintain pain provide only modest pain relief, leading to suspicion that such pain might be maintained by unconscious processes. An article in this issue of Psychosomatic Medicine provides the first experimental evidence that unconscious negative memories can increase pain unpleasantness. These findings are exciting, but the effect sizes are small, which is consistent with the small effects of psychological therapy. It seems that pain stubbornly resists psychological manipulation, but this work provides some hope that psychological therapy for pain can be improved to provide more effective pain relief.
Evolution of Pancreas Transplantation At A Single Institution—50+ Years and 2500 Transplants
Authors: Finger Erik B. , Matar Abraham J. , Dunn Ty B. , Humar Abhinav , Gruessner Angelika C. , Gruessner Rainer W.G. , Ramanathan Karthik , Humphreville Vanessa , Matas Arthur J. , Sutherland David E.R. , Kandaswamy Raja 
Published: June 2024

Objective:
To describe the evolution of pancreas transplantation, including improved outcomes and factors associated with improved outcomes over the past 5 decades.

Background:
The world’s first successful pancreas transplant was performed in December 1966 at the University of Minnesota. As new modalities for diabetes treatment mature, we must carefully assess the current state of pancreas transplantation to determine its ongoing role in patient care.

Methods:
A single-center retrospective review of 2500 pancreas transplants was performed over >50 years in bivariate and multivariable models. Transplants were divided into 6 eras; outcomes are presented for the entire cohort and by era.

Results:
All measures of patient and graft survival improved progressively through the 6 transplant eras. The overall death-censored pancreas graft half-lives were >35 years for simultaneous pancreas and kidney (SPK), 7.1 years for pancreas after kidney (PAK), and 3.3 years for pancreas transplants alone (PTA). The 10-year death-censored pancreas graft survival rate in the most recent era was 86.9% for SPK recipients, 58.2% for PAK recipients, and 47.6% for PTA. Overall, graft loss was most influenced by patient survival in SPK transplants, whereas graft loss in PAK and PTA recipients was more often due to graft failures. Predictors of improved pancreas graft survival were primary transplants, bladder drainage of exocrine secretions, younger donor age, and shorter preservation time.

Conclusions:
Pancreas outcomes have significantly improved over time through sequential, but overlapping, advances in surgical technique, immunosuppressive protocols, reduced preservation time, and the more recent reduction of immune-mediated graft loss.
Characterizing Seizure-Onset Patterns With the Responsive Neurostimulation System
Authors: Haneef Zulfi , Vallera Alexandra Celine , Vedantam Sameera , Feygin Maximillian S. , Cleboski Stephen , Gavvala Jay R. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
The responsive neurostimulation system (RNS) aims to improve seizures by delivering electrical stimulation in response to epileptiform patterns detected by electrocorticograms. Seizure-onset patterns (SOPs) correspond to outcomes in intracranial EEG (IC-EEG), although whether this is true for RNS is unknown. This study characterizes common RNS SOPs and correlates them with seizure outcomes.

Methods:
Among 40 patients with RNS implants, long-episode electrocorticogram characteristics of each patient's seizures were classified by visual analysis as one of the eight patterns previously described in IC-EEG. Correlation between each type of SOP and eventual seizure outcome was analyzed, with ≥50% improvement in a number of patient-reported seizure counts defined as a favorable outcome.

Results:
Across 263 LEs analyzed, the most common SOP observed was low-voltage fast activity. There was no difference between the distribution of RNS SOPs and that of IC-EEG SOPs described in the literature (Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, P = 0.98). Additionally, there was no correlation between any particular SOP and favorable outcomes (Fisher's omnibus test, P = 0.997).

Conclusion:
This initial description of RNS SOPs finds them to be similar to previously described IC-EEG SOPs, which suggests similar prognostic/therapeutic potential. However, we found that RNS efficacy is independent of patient SOP, suggesting that RNS is likely an equally effective treatment for all SOPs. Future research on stimulation parameters for particular RNS SOPs and correlation with IC-EEG SOPs in the same patients would be instrumental in guiding personalized neurostimulation.
Mycotic Aneurysms: Uncommon Pathogens and Treatment Conundrums
Authors: Ravindra Akshatha , Naguthevar Santhanam , Kumar Deepak , Rajagopal Rengarajan , Khera Pushpinder Singh , Tak Vibhor , Ramankutty Neetha Thayil , Meena Durga Shankar , Midha Naresh , Bohra Gopal Krishana , Garg Mahendra Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Mycotic aneurysms, characterized by vessel wall dilation resulting from infections including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, are a rare yet severe consequence of systemic infections.These aneurysms, accounting for 0.6% of Western countries' aneurysms, carry a higher risk of rupture compared to uninfected conditions. While the femoral artery, aorta, and intracranial visceral arteries are commonly affected, pathogens causing mycotic aneurysms vary across regions. Diagnostic challenges arise from nonspecific symptoms such as fever, pulsatile mass, local discomfort, and arterial inflammation.

Materials & Methods:
The case series involves three patients diagnosed with mycotic aneurysms due to unusual pathogens. We describe each patient's clinical presentation, medical history, physical examination findings, laboratory results, imaging studies, and the diagnostic process leading to the identification of the causative pathogens.

Results

The first case depicts a 70-year-old male with a ruptured infra-renal abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysm caused by Salmonella Paratyphi A. The second case involves a 66-year-old male with a Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated descending thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm. The third case pertains to a 70-year-old male with a ruptured descending thoracic aortic aneurysm into the esophagus due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Each case highlights unique clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging results, and the management approaches undertaken.

Conclusion

Mycotic aneurysms, stemming from infections involving diverse pathogens, pose diagnostic challenges due to their nonspecific symptoms. Early identification and intervention are essential to mitigate the severe complications associated with these aneurysms. The presented cases underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and management, ensuring optimal outcomes for patients affected by mycotic aneurysms.
Evaluation of welfare indicators for companion parrots: a Delphi consultation survey
Authors: Piseddu Andrea , van Zeeland Yvonne R. A. , Rault Jean-Loup 
Published: June 2024

AbstractParrots can experience several welfare challenges when kept as companions. Despite their popularity no science-based guidelines are available to assess parrot welfare. The aim of this Delphi study was to evaluate welfare indicators that owners could use to monitor parrot welfare. One hundred and twenty-two potential welfare indicators (behaviours, body measurements, husbandry and management conditions) were sourced from a systematic literature review and by consulting an avian medicine specialist. They were presented to participants with expertise on parrots in two rounds of online survey. We identified 73 welfare indicators that could be used by owners to monitor the welfare of all/most parrot species. Abnormal behaviours and management conditions that allow parrots to express their natural behaviours were ranked among the most important indicators. Participants concurred with scientific evidence about the impact of diet, species susceptibility to develop behavioural problems, early life, and pre-acquirement experiences on parrot welfare. When inquired about the suitability of species as companions, participants indicated seven small-sized species as most suitable to keep as a companion parrot, while cockatoos, critically endangered, and highly trafficked species were evaluated as those that should not be kept as companions. These findings could be useful to monitor and improve parrot welfare.