bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields and Brain Tumor Risks in the INTEROCC Study
Authors: Turner Michelle C. , Benke Geza , Bowman Joseph D. , Figuerola Jordi , Fleming Sarah , Hours Martine , Kincl Laurel , Krewski Daniel , McLean Dave , Parent Marie-Elise , Richardson Lesley , Sadetzki Siegal , Schlaefer Klaus , Schlehofer Brigitte , Schüz Joachim , Siemiatycki Jack , van Tongeren Martie , Cardis Elisabeth 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackground: Occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF) is a suspected risk factor for brain tumors, however the literature is inconsistent. Few studies have assessed whether ELF in different time windows of exposure may be associated with specific histologic types of brain tumors. This study examines the association between ELF and brain tumors in the large-scale INTEROCC study.Methods: Cases of adult primary glioma and meningioma were recruited in seven countries (Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Israel, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom) between 2000 and 2004. Estimates of mean workday ELF exposure based on a job exposure matrix were assigned. Estimates of cumulative exposure, average exposure, maximum exposure, and exposure duration were calculated for the lifetime, and 1 to 4, 5 to 9, and 10+ years before the diagnosis/reference date.Results: There were 3,761 included brain tumor cases (1,939 glioma and 1,822 meningioma) and 5,404 population controls. There was no association between lifetime cumulative ELF exposure and glioma or meningioma risk. However, there were positive associations between cumulative ELF 1 to 4 years before the diagnosis/reference date and glioma [odds ratio (OR) ≥ 90th percentile vs. &lt; 25th percentile, 1.67; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.36–2.07; PLinear trend &lt; 0.0001], and, somewhat weaker associations with meningioma (OR ≥ 90th percentile vs. &lt; 25th percentile, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.97–1.57; PLinear trend = 0.02).Conclusions: Results showed positive associations between ELF in the recent past and glioma.Impact: Occupational ELF exposure may play a role in the later stages (promotion and progression) of brain tumorigenesis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(9); 1863–72. ©2014 AACR.
Metabolismo e toxicidade do chumbo na criança e no adulto
Authors: Capitani Eduardo M. 
Published: June 2014

O chumbo não participa de nenhum passo ou função metabólica essencial ao ser humano. Ao mesmo tempo é o metal não ferroso mais manipulado industrialmente pelo homem desde a antiguidade, o que tem levado à uma contaminação extensa do meio ambiente desde então, proporcionando ainda hoje um aporte regular excessivo desse metal através da ingestão e inalação. Nesta revisão são discutidos aspectos de cinética e dinâmica do chumbo na forma inorgânica, por ser a forma mais comum de apresentação ocupacional e no meio ambiente. Por ser um elemento metálico o chumbo não sofre biotransformação enzimática. O seu “metabolismo” restringe-se a um cinética de distribuição e excreção bastante complexa que, por sua vez, depende da forma química ingerida ou inalada, que definirá seu potencial de oxi-redução e ionização, ligação a proteínas, e passagem por membranas e barreiras, além do acúmulo tecidual e excreção renal. Adultos absorvem até 10% do que é ingerido, em contraste com a taxa das crianças que pode chegar a 50%. Distribui-se fácil e rapidamente por todos os tecidos, além de passar a barreira encefálica e a placentária, sendo secretado no leite materno. As meias vidas de eliminação de chumbo do organismo, conforme o compartimento, podem ser resumidas da seguinte forma: sangue = 25 a 30 dias (em crianças sob exposição ambiental a baixas doses = 10 a 12 meses); tecidos moles em geral = 60 dias; osso trabecular = 90 a 120 dias; osso cortical com depósitos estáveis = 25 a 30 anos. Tem ações tóxicas no sistema nervoso central, periférico, renal e hematopoiético principalmente, através de mecanismos que são discutidos no artigo.
A iminência de morte em questão: a perspectiva e o manejo clínico de psicólogos da saúde pública
Authors: Pfeifer Paula M. , Palma Cláudia M. S. 
Published: June 2014

Modelo do estudo: trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa. Objetivo: qualificar a prática do psicólogo, isto é, como se posiciona e atua frente às questões referentes à morte no contexto institucional. Metodologia: Inicialmente, foi realizado levantamento sobre o número de psicólogos que atuam na rede pública de Santa Maria, constituindo-se uma amostra de doze profissionais. Posteriormente, realizamos entrevistas semi-estruturadas e individuais, com duração de uma hora. As entrevistas gravadas foram transcritas, e em seguida, lidas individualmente, destacando-se as falas que apontavam para o modo de trabalho do psicólogo elaborando-se, a partir da recorrência, categorias de análise, buscando-se articular uma perspectiva grupal. O enfoque teórico utilizado para a análise de dados foi o psicanalítico. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram contradições entre a atuação e o posicionamento referido pelo psicólogo na iminência da morte de um pac iente, sobrepondo-se um fazer invadido pela pessoalidade do profissional. Além disso, constatamos o perigo de adotar-se uma prática que pode ser feita por qualquer um, no caso de situações onde não há um manejo específico da morte, destacando-se o predomínio da pessoalidade. Conclusão: apesar da formação em psicologia não conter uma especificidade no que diz respeito à morte, o que impõe ao profissional dificuldades operativas nas situações de morte iminente, essas dificuldades podem ser minimizadas desde que o psicólogo tenha bem definido - para si e para a instituição na qual atua - qual é a sua função, assim, não perdendo a dimensão profissional. Além disso, reforça-se a importância do psicólogo realizar sua terapia pessoal, perante um fazer marcadamente convocador da pessoalidade.
Adesão ao tratamento de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 atendidos em um programa especializado em Porto Alegre
Authors: Rubin Onilda , Azzolin Karina , Muller Suzana 
Published: June 2014

O Diabetes Mellitus é considerado um dos mais importantes males endócrino-metabólicos na infância,apresentando limitação e risco de vida ao portador por suas complicações cardiovasculares a longoprazo. Este trabalho refere-se a um estudo quantitativo que teve por objetivo avaliar a adesão ao tratamento por crianças em idade escolar portadoras de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 atendidas em um ambulatório especializado de Porto Alegre no Instituto da Criança com Diabetes (ICD). Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário semi-estruturado e aplicado a 25 crianças com média de 9 anos deidade. O tempo de acompanhamento pelo ambulatório foi de 1,96 ± 0,8 anos e o tempo médio dadoença tratada foi de 1,76 ± 0,7 anos. A maioria das crianças (84%) possui os pais como principaiscuidadores, todas reconhecem a importância da consulta de enfermagem no tratamento e 92% confiamnas condutas dos profissionais. Sessenta por cento das crianças enfrentam dificuldades relacionadasao plano alimentar. A adesão ao tratamento foi observada em 11 crianças (44%) que, além de nãofaltarem às consultas, também não esqueceram de aplicar insulina nos últimos 6 meses e referiramseguir a dieta prescrita. Com isso, concluímos que a aderência de crianças diabéticas ao tratamentoestá relacionada ao interesse dos pais pelo tratamento, ao conhecimento da doença e também aosfatores sócio-econômicos. Por fim, o trabalho da enfermeira foi plenamente reconhecido pelos pais.
Relação entre o sistema renina angiotensina e as respostas cardiovasculares promovidas pelo exercício físico
Authors: Goessler Karla F. , Polito Marcos D. 
Published: June 2014

Introdução e objetivos: O sistema renina angiotensina (SRA) apresenta importante função na homeostase do sistema cardiovascular, e a ativação da via clássica resulta na formação de angiotensina II, que leva ao aumento da pressão arterial (PA). No entanto, novos estudos tem evidenciado a ativação da via da angiotensina (1-7), a qual apresenta respostas contrárias a Angiotensina II e consequentemente reduz a PA. Considerando que o exercício físico interfere nas repostas cardiovasculares, este estudo teve o propósito de revisar a literatura quanto a possível relação do treinamento físico com o SRA.Métodos: o trabalho foi dividido em sessões de estudos que envolveram animais e estudos com seres humanos. A busca destes estudos foi realizada na base Medline e os principais critérios foram amostras com animais ou seres humanos e artigos publicados em inglês. Depois de aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram encontrados 12 artigos envolvendo animais e oito envolvendo seres humanos.Resultados: Os estudos demonstraram que existe uma relação entre o treinamento físico e o SRA, sendo que as respostas cardiovasculares observadas após o exercício físico pode apresentar alguma relação com o SRA. Além disso, estudos com seres humanos demonstraram que polimorfismos em alguns genes do SRA podem ser determinantes para as respostas cardiovasculares encontradas após o exercício físico. Considerações finais: Tendo em vista as recentes investigações que relacionam as respostas cardiovasculares após o exercício físico com o SRA, esta relaçação parece ser importante ao considerar os mecanismos responsáveis por promover determinadas respostas cardiovasculares após o exercício físico como a hipotensão.
O cirurgião-dentista frente à violência doméstica: conhecimento dos profissionais em âmbito público e privado
Authors: Carvalho Luciana Maria Ferreira , Galo Rodrigo , Silva Ricardo Henrique Alves da 
Published: June 2014

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento do cirurgião-dentista frente à violência doméstica em crianças, mulheres e idosos, no município de Guaratinguetá, SP, Brasil. Método: Foram entregues questionários objetivos a profissionais da rede de serviço público e 40 profissionais do setor privado, selecionados aleatoriamente, no município de Guaratinguetá. As respostas foram analisadas estatisticamente e submetidas ao teste do Qui-Quadrado (pd"0,05). Resultados: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as respostas fornecidas pelos grupos de profissionais estudados. Verificou-se um baixo percentual de cirurgiões-dentistas que realizaram atendimento em crianças, mulheres e idosos vítimas de violência doméstica. Conclusão: Os profissionais analisados conhecem a importância do cirurgião-dentista no que se refere à violência doméstica, mas apresentam dificuldades na identificação e nos procedimentos frente à violência.
Complete larval development of Thenus unimaculatus Burton & Davie, 2007 (Decapoda, Scyllaridae)
Authors: Kizhakudan Joe K. , Krishnamoorthi S. 
Published: June 2014

Larval development of the shovel-nosed lobster Thenus unimaculatus Burton & Davie, 2007 is described based on laboratory studies. The larval stages included four stages of phyllosoma (I-IV), followed by a post larval, non-feeding nisto stage which metamorphosed to the juvenile stage, also known as first seed. The nisto stage is reached in 26-30 days, the average duration of each phyllosoma (I-IV) and nisto was 7, 5, 7, 7 and 4 days, respectively. The phyllosomas are characteristically flattened, leaf-like, transparent planktonic larvae, while the nisto, translucent in appearance, remains sedentary at the bottom. The first juvenile stage has a hard exoskeleton and feeds on fresh clam meat. The survival rate from phyllosoma I to nisto was 22%.
First record of Monodaeus guinotae Forest, 1976 (Decapoda, Brachyura) in the Sea of Marmara (Turkey) and a discussion about its occurrence
Authors: Artüz M. L. , Kubanç C. , Sönmez B. 
Published: June 2014

A total of 24 specimens of Monodaeus guinotae Forest, 1976 were obtained in beam-trawl surveys on 8 August 2008, 2 August 2011 and 4 August 2011 at depths of 56, 65 and 40 m, respectively, in the Sea of Marmara. M. guinotae is reported in this study as a first record for the Sea of Marmara and the status of the species is discussed in relation to its closely similar congener, M. couchii (Couch, 1851). Also, possible reasons for its occurrence are investigated according to the effects of pollution and of the various water masses in the Sea of Marmara.
Influence of temperature and food concentrations on growth and moulting of the barnacle, Microeuraphia permitini (Zevina & Litvinova, 1970) (Chthamalidae, Euraphinae): a laboratory experiment
Authors: Savari Razieh , Savari Razieh , Kamrani Ehsan , Savari Razieh , Kamrani Ehsan , Shahdadi Adnan , Savari Razieh , Kamrani Ehsan , Shahdadi Adnan , Rezaie-Atagholipour Mohsen 
Published: June 2014

Chthamalid barnacles may be highly affected by environmental factors as they live in the upper intertidal zone, where other balanids cannot live due to the harsh conditions of the habitat. This study presents some information on the effects of temperature and food availability on the growth and moulting rates of a chthamalid barnacle, Microeuraphia permitini (Zevina & Litvinova, 1970) of the subfamily Euraphinae. Growth and moulting rates were estimated at different temperatures (20, 25 and 30°C) and food concentrations (6, 12 and 25 Artemia ind−1 day−1). The results indicated that growth rate generally increased at 12 and 25 Artemia ind−1 day−1 compared to 6 Artemia ind−1 day−1. Further, the highest growth rates of 0.32 ± 0.02 (% RCD/day) and 0.35 ± 0.01 were observed at 30°C when barnacles were fed with 12 and 25 Artemia ind−1 day−1, respectively. Results of a two-way analysis of variance indicated temperature and food concentrations have a combined positive effect on growth (, ) and moulting (, ) rates of the species. The food concentration in particular has a major effect on growth and moulting activities; whereas the effect of temperature was minor and limited to increased feeding rate, which may be a result of increasing vital activities including rate of cirral beating. Continued observations noted a reduced growth rate before maturity of the specimens, which can be attributed to a loss of tissue as egg masses.
Clinical Assessment of Physical Examination Maneuvers for Rotator Cuff Lesions
Authors: Somerville Lyndsay E. , Willits Kevin , Johnson Andrew M. , Litchfield Robert , LeBel Marie-Eve , Moro Jaydeep , Bryant Dianne 
Published: June 2014

Background: Shoulder pain and disability pose a diagnostic challenge for clinicians owing to the numerous causes that exist. Unfortunately, the evidence in support of most clinical tests is weak or absent. Purpose: To determine the diagnostic validity of physical examination maneuvers for rotator cuff lesions. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Consecutive shoulder patients recruited for this study were referred to 2 tertiary orthopaedic clinics. A surgeon took a thorough history and indicated his or her certainty about each possible diagnosis. A clinician performed the physical examination for diagnoses where uncertainty remained. Arthroscopy was considered the reference standard for patients who underwent surgery, and MRI with arthrogram was considered the reference for patients who did not. The sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were calculated to investigate whether combinations of the top tests provided stronger predictions of the presence or absence of disease. Results: There were 139 participants. None of the tests were highly sensitive for diagnosing rotator cuff tears or tendinosis. Tests for subscapularis tears were all highly specific. No optimal combination of tests improved the ability to correctly diagnose rotator cuff tears. Closer analysis revealed the internal rotation and lateral rotation lag sign did not improve the ability to diagnose subscapularis or supraspinatus tears, respectively, although the lateral rotation lag sign demonstrated a discriminatory ability for tear size. Conclusion: No test in isolation is sufficient to diagnose a patient with rotator cuff damage. A combination of tests improves the ability to diagnose damage to the rotator cuff. It is recommended that the internal rotation and lateral rotation lag signs be removed from the gamut of physical examination tests for supraspinatus and subscapularis tears.
Isolated Shortness of Breath in a Woman With a History of Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Clapham Katharine R. , Bhimani Rupal D. , Cooper Jason P. , Stern Theodore A. 
Published: June 2014

Background: Isolated shortness of breath in the patient with a history of a malignancy creates a diagnostic challenge and serves as a source of anxiety. Although cancer recurrence is typically the first concern of the patient and the clinician, toxicities of anticancer therapies must also be considered. Methods: A case of a 49-year-old woman with a distant history of Hodgkin lymphoma with 2 months of progressive dyspnea is presented and discussed. Results: Although the patient was found to have bilateral pleural and pericardial effusions that were concerning for a recurrence of malignancy, analysis and cytology of fluids were negative for cancer. Instead a diagnosis of effusive–constrictive pericarditis secondary to radiation therapy was made. Conclusion: When treating a patient with a history of malignancy who presents with dyspnea, it is important to consider the downstream effects related to cancer treatments, even decades later, to guide specific therapies and to assuage the patient’s fears.
Quality control for retinal OCT in multiple sclerosis: validation of the OSCAR-IB criteria
Authors: Schippling S , Balk LJ , Costello F , Albrecht P , Balcer L , Calabresi PA , Frederiksen JL , Frohman E , Green AJ , Klistorner A , Outteryck O , Paul F , Plant GT , Traber G , Vermersch P , Villoslada P , Wolf S , Petzold A 
Published: June 2014

Background: Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) permits quantification of retinal layer atrophy relevant to assessment of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Measurement artefacts may limit the use of OCT to MS research. Objective: An expert task force convened with the aim to provide guidance on the use of validated quality control (QC) criteria for the use of OCT in MS research and clinical trials. Methods: A prospective multi-centre ( n = 13) study. Peripapillary ring scan QC rating of an OCT training set ( n = 50) was followed by a test set ( n = 50). Inter-rater agreement was calculated using kappa statistics. Results were discussed at a round table after the assessment had taken place. Results: The inter-rater QC agreement was substantial (kappa = 0.7). Disagreement was found highest for judging signal strength (kappa = 0.40). Future steps to resolve these issues were discussed. Conclusion: Substantial agreement for QC assessment was achieved with aid of the OSCAR-IB criteria. The task force has developed a website for free online training and QC certification. The criteria may prove useful for future research and trials in MS using OCT as a secondary outcome measure in a multi-centre setting.
Studies on the annealing and antibacterial properties of the silver-embedded aluminum/silica nanospheres
Authors: Pan Ko-Ying , Chien Chia-Hung , Pu Ying-Chih , Liu Chia-Ming , Hsu Yung-Jung , Yeh Jien-Wei , Shih Han C 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Substantial silver-embedded aluminum/silica nanospheres with uniform diameter and morphology were successfully synthesized by sol-gel technique. After various annealing temperatures, the surface mechanisms of each sample were analyzed using scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The chemical durability examinations and antibacterial tests of each sample were also carried out for the confirmation of its practical usage. Based on the result of the above analyses, the silver-embedded aluminum/silica nanospheres are eligible for fabricating antibacterial utensils.
Therapeutic effect of anti-C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) antibody on C protein-induced myositis mouse
Authors: Kim Jinhyun , Choi Ji Yong , Park Sung-Hye , Yang Seung Hee , Park Ji Ah , Shin Kichul , Lee Eun Young , Kawachi Hiroshi , Kohsaka Hitoshi , Song Yeong Wook 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Introduction
C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) is a chemokine that plays a critical role in the infiltration of T cells in autoimmune diseases and is reported to be expressed in muscle tissue of polymyositis. To determine the therapeutic efficacy of CXCL10 blockade, we investigated the role of CXCL10 and the effect of anti-CXCL10 antibody treatment in C protein-induced myositis (CIM), an animal model of polymyositis.

Methods
CIM was induced with human skeletal muscle C protein fragment in female C57BL/6 mice. Immunohistochemistry of CXCL10 and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) and measurement of serum CXCL10 were performed. Cell surface markers and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in CIM lymph node cells was investigated by flow cytometry. Mice with CIM were treated with anti-CXCL10 antibody or control antibody (anti-RVG1) and the inflammation in muscle tissue was assessed.

Results
Immunohistochemistry showed increased expression of CXCL10 and CXCR3 in the inflammatory lesions of muscle in CIM. Especially, CD8+ T cells invading myofiber expressed CXCR3. Serum level of CXCL10 was increased in CIM compared to the level in normal mice (normal mouse, 14.3 ± 5.3 pg/ml vs. CIM, 368.5 ± 135.6 pg/ml, P < 0.001). CXCR3 positivity in CD8+ T cells was increased compared to that of CD4+ T cells in the lymph node cells of CIM (CXCR3+ among CD8+ T cell, 65.9 ± 2.1% vs. CXCR3+ among CD4+ T cell, 23.5 ± 4.7%, P <0.001). Moreover, IFN-γ+ cells were increased among CXCR3+CD8+ T cells compared to CXCR3–CD8+ T cells (CXCR3+CD8+ T cell, 28.0 ± 4.2% vs. CXCR3-CD8+ T cell, 9.5 ± 1.5%, P = 0.016). Migration of lymph node cells was increased in response to CXCL10 (chemotactic index was 1.91 ± 0.45). CIM mice treated with anti-CXCL10 antibody showed a lower inflammation score in muscles than those with anti-RVG1 (median, anti-CXCL10 treatment group, 0.625 vs. anti-RVG1 treatment group, 1.25, P = 0.007).

Conclusions
CXCL10/CXCR3 expression was increased in the inflammation of CIM model and its blockade suppressed inflammation in muscle.
Characterization of lung inflammation and its impact on macrophage function in aging
Authors: Canan Cynthia H , Gokhale Nandan S , Carruthers Bridget , Lafuse William P , Schlesinger Larry S , Torrelles Jordi B , Turner Joanne 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSystemic inflammation that occurs with increasing age (inflammaging) is thought to contribute to the increased susceptibility of the elderly to several disease states. The elderly are at significant risk for developing pulmonary disorders and infectious diseases, but the contribution of inflammation in the pulmonary environment has received little attention. In this study, we demonstrate that the lungs of old mice have elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and a resident population of highly activated pulmonary macrophages that are refractory to further activation by IFN-γ. The impact of this inflammatory state on macrophage function was determined in vitro in response to infection with M.tb. Macrophages from the lungs of old mice secreted more proinflammatory cytokines in response to M.tb infection than similar cells from young mice and also demonstrated enhanced M.tb uptake and P-L fusion. Supplementation of mouse chow with the NSAID ibuprofen led to a reversal of lung and macrophage inflammatory signatures. These data indicate that the pulmonary environment becomes inflammatory with increasing age and that this inflammatory environment can be reversed with ibuprofen.