bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimising the Impact Strength of 3D Printed PLA Components Using Metaheuristic Algorithms
Authors: Jatti Vijaykumar S. , Tamboli Shahid , Patel Parvez , Shaikh Sarfaraj , Gulia Vikas , Chaudhari Lalit R. , Saiyathibrahim A , Mohan Dhanesh G. , Murali Krishnan R 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the correlation among the impact strength of Polylactic acid (PLA) material as well as many 3D printing parameters, including layer height, infill density, extrusion temperature, and print speed, using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) in Additive Manufacturing (AM). By using well-planned trials, the ASTM D256 standard assessed the impact strength of samples. Impact strength was optimized using six distinct techniques: Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Simulated Annealing (SA), Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO), and Cohort Intelligence (CI). These approaches are reliable since they consistently delivered similar impact strength values after several iterations. The best algorithms, according to the study, were TLBO and JAYA, which produced a maximum impact strength of 4.08 kJ/m2. The algorithms’ effectiveness was validated by validation studies, which showed little error and near matches between the expected and actual impact strength values. The advantages of employing these methods to increase the impact strength of PLA material for 3D printing are illustrated in the present research, which provides helpful insights on how to improve FDM procedures.
The Characterization of Zn1-XCoxO Thin Films Synthesized by Ultrasonic Spray Deposition with Controlled Visible Light Absorption
Authors: Charef Azzeddine , Zitouni Karima , Benramache Said , Kadri Abderrahmane 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This work examines the grown of Zn1-xCoxO films at different Co concentrations at 420°C by ultrasonic spray deposition. The effect of Co concentration of Zn1-xCoxO films on optical characterization, structure crystallinity and electrical conductivity was studied. Transmission spectra of Zn1-xCoxO films presented three edges in the visible region, it was observed in the range of 541 and 656 nm of wavelengths, which related to the d-d transitions of Co2+ ion with 3d7 high-spin configurations in a tetrahedral crystal field formed by neighboring O2−ions. The gap energy was found increases after doping by Co to maximum value of 3.373 eV at x=0.04. The Urbach energy minimum was 0.083eV, it is obtained for x=0.01. The sprayed Zn1-xCoxO films exhibit a wurtzite structure with preferred orientation in the (002) direction. The maximum crystallite size of Zn1-xCoxO films was 95.61 nm at x=0.06. The maximum electrical conductivity of the Co doped ZnO films was located at x=0.06.
Severe Subconjunctival Bleeding in a Patient with Concomitant Use of Warfarin and Valproic Acid
Authors: Pinzon R. T. , Afifudin M. , Digdoyo A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Drug interactions with vitamin K antagonist may involve antiepileptic drug. Numerous antiepileptic drugs are strong inducers or inhibitors of liver enzymes and affect warfarin metabolism, including valproic acid, which is capable of displacing warfarin from the protein binding site. Although this type of drug interaction is less widely recognized, it is a phenomenon that causes significant changes in the INR. We report a case of severe subconjunctival bleeding in patient with concomitant use of warfarin and valproic acid. The management include cessation of the drug, conservative eye treatment, and vitamin K. The case was fully resolved.
A Rare Case of Lung Nuclear Protein in Testis Carcinoma
Authors: Ivanova S. , Cherneva R. , Alexieva M. , Yankov G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nuclear protein in testis carcinoma is a very rare but extremely aggressive highgrade carcinoma characterized by the presence of a fusion NUT gene – an oncogene. It is also called midline carcinoma because it mainly affects structures along the midline – head, neck, and lungs. We report a case of a woman with lung nuclear protein in testis carcinoma, diagnosed by bronchoscopic fibro-punch biopsy. The histological examination showed massive infiltration of bronchial wall of predominantly spindle-shaped neoplastic cells with unclear cytoplasmic borders. In some areas groups of rounded cells with clearly visible nucleoli and high mitotic rate were present. Foci with necrosis were also found. Immuno-histochemistry showed positive expression of cytokeratin, p63, CD56 and nuclear protein in testis antibodies and negative reaction for TTF1 and chromogranin A in neoplastic cells. The proliferative activity of tumor cells was very high (> 70%). Immunohistochemical study of the nuclear protein in testis expression is mandatory in cases with poorly differentiated lung tumors, with predominantly midline mass.
Umbilical Cord Prolapse through Urethra Due to Complicated Uterine Rupture
Authors: Stoyanova N. , Popovski N. , Popov Y. , Totev T. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Uterine rupture is a rare but potentially fatal complication of pregnancy with life-threatening maternal and fetal consequences. We present a case of umbilical cord prolapsed through urethra due to complicated uterine rupture in a patient with severe pre- eclampsia. A multiparous woman in her 30s, with history of untreated preeclampsia during this pregnancy and two previous Cesarean sections presented with spontaneous leakage of amniotic fluid in a full-term unmonitored pregnancy and occipital headache. The general physical examination showed high blood pressure values, and fetal demise was diagnosed using abdominal ultrasound. During the preparation for Cesarean section the patient developed complicated uterine rupture with urinary bladder lesion resulting in umbilical cord prolapse through the urethra. An emergency laparotomy and supravaginal hysterectomy were performed due to impossibility to repair the uterine wall. The fact that uterine rupture is a life-threatening obstetric emergency and that it is associated with high maternal and perinatal mortality indicates the necessity to consider the risk of rupture and to follow-up on the patient to prevent complications.
Rare Coincidence of Gastric Cancer and Large Myofibroblastic Tumor of The Spleen
Authors: Arabadzhieva E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Although its incidence has been decreasing during the last decades, gastric cancer remains a common disease and a global health problem. Conversely, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors, especially the splenic ones, are extremely rare neoplasms. A female patient in her 50s was hospitalized due to upper gastrointestinal bleeding after a recent coronary stenting. Gastroscopy with a biopsy established an ulcer-type gastric adenocarcinoma. Contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CT) detected additionally an enlarged spleen with a hypodense, well-marked tumor inside. Neither CT, ultrasound, nor PET-CT imaging were conclusive about its type. Gastrectomy, omentectomy, splenectomy and lymphonodal dissection were performed. Histological and immunohistochemical studies proved a gastric adenocarcinoma and a synchronous splenic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor resected in negative margins. After receiving chemotherapy, the patient is without any data for recurrence. The splenic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor remains a diagnostic challenge due to the lack of specific clinical and imaging signs, especially in a case with a synchronous abdominal tumor. So, histopathological examination with immunohistochemistry performed by an experienced pathologist is crucial. This paper presents a unique coincidence of epithelial malignant and mesenchymal tumor–gastric cancer and splenic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Hopefully, this report will be valuable in future investigations about these neoplasms’ genesis, diagnosis, and treatment.
Giant Lipoma of the Distal Forearm Including the Muscles of the First Extensor Compartment
Authors: Panev A. , Rangelov S. , Landzhov B. , Ananiev J. , Antonov B. , Kovachev M. , Georgiev G. P. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the area of upper extremity lipomas larger than 5 centimeters are considered giant. In the current article, we describe a case of a giant lipoma, which included the muscles of the first extensor compartment before their passing through it, in a woman in her 40s. The patient was successfully treated by excision of this tumor. The diagnosis and treatment options of giant lipomas of the upper extremity are briefly discussed.
Diagnostic Work-Up in the Histological Verification of A Rare Solitary Fibrous Tumor
Authors: Aleksiev V. , Yavorov B. , Shterev F. , Kartev S. , Vazhev Z. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumors are an extremely rare group of ubiquitous tumors of mesenchymal origin with an incidence of 1 per 1 million per year. The scarcity of published clinical cases describing their cytological findings and clinical features is the reason why the topic is of unique importance to both pathological and surgical studies. Originally thought to be exclusive to the pleural lining, it is now known that solitary fibrous tumors can occur anywhere in the body. In the past decade the diagnostic and therapeutic landscape of patients with verified solitary fibrous tumors has been refined. While fine-needle aspiration remains more accessible, the ultrasound- and computed tomography-guided biopsy paves the way to a narrower differential diagnosis. In the following case report, we present a case of a malignant solid fibrous tumor, located in the abdominal cavity, its clinical presentation, and the arduous diagnostic workup, which lead to its histological verification.
The effects of a low protein intake on the growth and blood parameters of weaning pigs
Authors: Kanev Danail , Nenova Radena , Yordanova Gergana , Nedeva Radka 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The effects of dietary protein content on health and productivity were studied in 41 weaned Danube white breed pigs growing from 9 to 25 kg live weight. The duration of the experiment was 41 days. The compound feeds for the two groups had the same component composition and were calculated to match the needs of the animals, but differed in the amount of crude protein. Animals were offered two diets providing 190.2 and 160.2 g crude protein per kg and 9.3 g lysine per kg, respectively. When reducing dietary protein, it is important to pay attention to lysine, as it is key to growth and general animal health. The equalisation of the lysine content in the compound feeds was done by synthetic lysine. Pigs were fed ad libitum equal rations. In conclusion: Reduced protein levels did not significantly affect the growth of weaned pigs (386 g/d and 380 g/d) when the compound feeds were equalised for lysine content. Pigs fed low protein levels had better utilisation of crude protein (p<0.001) and poor utilisation of crude fat (p=0.045). Reduced protein levels have a statistically significant positive effect on haematological and biochemical blood parameters associated with health status in weaned pigs. The results can be used to practically solve some health problems when weaning pigs.
The effect of pomegranate juice consumption on bone histomorphometric parameters with the use of an animal model
Authors: Charuta Anna , Jóźwik Artur , Krzęcio-Nieczyporuk Elżbieta , Paziewska Agnieszka , Rymuza Katarzyna , Ostapiuk Monika , Kolanowski Wojciech , Radzki Radosław , Bieńko Marek , Dzierzęcka Małgorzata , Marchewka Joanna , Atanasov Atanas , Horbańczuk Jarosław Olav 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of pomegranate juice consumption on bone histomorphometric parameters using an animal model. The animals (rats) were divided into 7 experimental groups. The groups differed in the concentration of pomegranate juice administered. The control group received only water, the other groups were supplied with commercial or freshly squeezed pomegranate juice at concentrations of 10%, 25% and 50%. To study the structure of the proximal end of the tibia, a Skyscan 1174 X-ray microtomography device, equipped with a 1.3Mp FW VDS camera, was used. The proximal end (metaphysis) of the left tibia was examined. The following bone tissue parameters were analysed: bone mineral density (BMD) (mm3), the number of trabeculae (Tb.N) (mm-1), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) (mm) and trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) (mm), BS/BV(mm-1). It was found that 25% pomegranate juice, both freshly squeezed and commercial, significantly increased bone density (BMD), increased trabecular thickness (Tb.TH), and reduced the distance between trabeculae (Tb.SP) compared to the control group and groups receiving juice at other concentrations. The highest BMD, the thickest trabeculae and the smallest distance between trabeculae were observed after the application of fresh 25% pomegranate juice. Thus, it can be concluded that pomegranate juice, especially freshly squeezed, improves bone density.
Acod1 mediates anti-inflammatory Treg function in sepsis
Authors: Mickael Michel Edwar , Kubick Norwin , Atansov Atanas G. , Horbańczuk Jarosław Olav , Kamińska Agnieszka , Religa Piotr , Sacharczuk Mariusz , Ławiński Michał 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Sepsis is a serious, potentially fatal disease caused by the body’s reaction to microbial invasions by bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Current research shows that the process of fighting sepsis passes through two phases. The first phase is a cytokine storm, and the second phase involves a cycle of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses led by Regulatory CD4+ T-cells (CD4+ Tregs). Various immunomodulatory therapies have been proposed to break the cycle of pro- and anti-inflammatory reactions to sepsis. However, clinical trials are yet to show any promising results, indicating the need for further research into the mechanisms behind Treg dysfunction. We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of five datasets comprising of bulk RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq data to explore our research question. Our results identified Acod1 (Aconitate Decarboxylase 1) as a primary mediator of Treg suppression of immune cells as well as various metabolic pathways regulated by IL4 and IL10. scRNA-seq analysis showed that Acod1 and FoxP3 were localised in the same Treg-like cells. Further evidence from our study further suggests a mutual positive regulation loop between Acod1 and FoxP3 in sepsis. Additionally, CD36 was identified as a downstream target of Acod1. CD36 is a known metabolite regulator in Tregs, where it functions as a transporter of long fatty chains (LCFA) and is regulated by IL4 and IL10. Taken together, our results indicate that the metabolic CD36/Acod1 axis could be responsible for the continuous activation of Treg in sepsis. Thus, targeting this axis could prove valuable in improving the sepsis prognosis.
Investigation on the Performance of a Secondary Brake
Authors: Țica Narcis-Ioan , Popescu Daniela 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In order to increase the safety of vehicles, the braking systems have two different braking sequences: the service brake and the secondary brake. The secondary brake is used when a component of the braking system fails to work adequately and it uses only two main components of the brake system, the calipers and the master cylinder. This paper presents a method of investigation, based on Matlab Simulink, to be used to verify the efficiency of the secondary brake by studying the dynamics behaviour, brake bias, stability and control during braking. The outputs are discussed by having in view, the ECE R13 regulations, for a vehicle with the initial speed at v = 60 km/h, mass m = 2300 kg, rolling radius r = 0.32 m, master cylinder mc = 22.2 mm, pedal ratio 4.3 and static friction coefficient 0.9. The results confirm that the variation of yaw rate and slip ratio have a minor influence on the stability and control.
A Short Description Regarding Combustion Factor from Eurocode 1-1-2
Authors: Grigoraş Zeno-Cosmin , Ibănescu Mihaela 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to detail the combustion factor used to calculate the design value of the fire load density in accordance with the European design code. The procedure only states the factor value for the mainly cellulosic materials, like wood, paper, cardboard, naturals fibres (cotton, linen) etc., but it gives no information about other types of fuels, like plastics, flammable liquids, rubber, etc.
Considering the vast types of fuels, for a correct appreciation of the input data used by different fire models, it is necessary to better understand the importance of the combustion coefficient and its appropriate value selection.
The combustion factor directly affects the value of the design fire load density which, in turn, affects the Heat Release Rate. Both parameters are used by different type of natural fire models (like parametric curve, zone models, CFD models) to simulate the fire development and to predict the temperature in the analysed space.
The Determination of the Elements of the Base Change Matrix in the Kinematics of Rigid Body in a Particular Case
Authors: Corduneanu Eugen-Neculai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The directional cosines matrix makes the link between the reference frame and the mobile frame in the kinematics of the rigid. This paper determines the matrix in the event that three of its elements are knowns, in a particular case.
Scholars as Spiritual Beings: Five Trajectories of Scholarship and Spirituality
Authors: Wong Mary Shepard 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article reflects on the bi -directional, reflexive work of scholarship and spirituality. It begins with the author’s positionality as a Christian language educator who has researched spiritually in her field of Teaching English as a Second Language (TESOL). A brief introduction of seminal works in faith and scholarship is provided, followed by a discussion of how scholarship within one faith tradition might be applied to others. The concept of scholars as spiritual beings is raised with a reflection on the limits of categorizing acts as either sacred or secular, and how this polarity hinders deeper, more meaningful ways to engage in scholarship when even the mundane is seen as spiritual and so called ‘spiritual’ acts are reconsidered as potentially empty ritual. Five trajectories of spiritual scholarship are described with examples for each trajectory from the author’s work: 1. Vertical: enlarging our understanding of God; 2. Outward: revealing an understanding of nature and the universe; 3. Horizontal: improving our spiritual service to others; 4. Inward: deepening our spiritual identity; 5. Multidimensional: providing a spiritual understanding through difficult life events and finding meaning and interconnectedness to God, self & others. Reflection on the legitimacy of scholarship and spirituality concludes the article.
Spatial model of wildfire susceptibility using Machine Learning approaches on Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park, Indonesia
Authors: Aldiansyah Septianto , Madani Ilyas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Rawa Aopa National Park has experienced a severe wildfire. These fires are affected by several factors, including topography, meteorology, vegetation, and source of fire. This study uses a Machine Learning approach based on re-sampling methods (e.g. crossvalidation, bootstrap, and random subsampling) to evaluate, and improve the performance of twelve basic Machine Learning algorithms: Generalized Linear Model, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Boosted Regression Trees, Classification And Regression Tree, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines, Mixture Discriminate Analysis, Flexible Discriminant Analysis, Maximum Entropy, Maximum Likelihood, Radial Basis Function, and Multi-Layer Perceptron, analyze the causes of wildfires, and the correlation between variables. The model is evaluated by Area Under Curve, Correlation, True Skill Statistics, and Deviance. The evaluation results show that Bt-RF has a good performance in predicting wildfire susceptibility in TNRAW with AUC=0.98, COR=0.96, TSS=0.97, and Deviance=0.15. An area of 644.88 km2 or the equivalent of 59.82% of the area is a wildfire susceptibility area with the concentration of fires occurring in the savanna ecosystem which is around 245.12 km2 or the equivalent of 88.95% of the jungle zone. Among the 17 parameters that cause fires, this area is strongly influenced by Maximum Temperature, Land Use Land Cover, and Distance from Road. There is a strong correlation between soil and distance from settlements = 0.96.
Sense of place in geography and environmental education: a literature review of empirical research
Authors: Rubáš Dominik , Matějček Tomáš , Řezníčková Dana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Research on the concept of sense of place (SOP) has become increasingly important in recent years. However, literature is dominated by studies dealing with the concept outside the field of education. Yet its potential for geography and environmental education (GEE) is considerable. The aim of this literature review is to determine how SOP is conceptualised in research, what the focus of the research objectives are, which research methods are used to validate the concept in primary and secondary GEE, and to summarize the main research findings concerning both primary and secondary school students. Fifty relevant studies from two literature databases - Web of Science, and Scopus - were searched and analysed. The results show that students’ SOP is conceptualized predominantly through the sub-concept of place attachment, is examined predominantly through qualitative research methods, and that research has focused on the process of developing and fostering SOP, as well as identifying its potential in specific individuals. Place-based education and environmental education programs are effective in the process of students’ SOP formation. The conceptualization of students’ SOP and its empirical research can contribute to its effective implementation in GEE. This promotes the development of students’ relationship with the environment, which is one of the key aspects in the process of building their geographical and environmental literacy.
Visitor Mobility Patterns in Cultural Destinations: Exploring the Cognitive Maps of San Sebastian and Bilbao, Inspired by Lynch (1960)
Authors: Aranburu Ibon , Plaza Beatriz , Esteban Marisol 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Lynch’s (1960) Theory of Imageability explores how individuals perceive and navigate urban environments, emphasizing the role of paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks. This theory highlights the significance of these elements in shaping people’s mental maps and enhancing their understanding and navigation of urban spaces. However, cultural tourism introduces complexities to Lynch’s framework due to its unique motivations, interests, and behaviours. This article investigates the relationship between visitor mobility patterns and urban morphology in the context of two cultural destinations: Bilbao and San Sebastian. The study utilizes Network Analysis of visitors’ GPS data to analyse the dynamics of visitor mobility within these urban environments. This data-driven approach facilitates a comprehensive understanding of how cultural destinations operate within their physical territories. Results reveal that both San Sebastian and Bilbao exhibit a distinct “D-shaped” mobility pattern, characterized by a clear and uncomplicated flow of movement. This finding aligns with Lynch’s theory (1960), emphasizing the importance of simplicity and legibility in shaping visitors’ cognitive maps and mental representations of the urban space. The concentration of cultural landmarks in the Old Town and the challenges of congestion and overtourism are brought to light through the network analysis of GPS data. The accompanying figures visually illustrate how the ease of navigation in these cities significantly contributes to the formation of visitors’ cognitive maps.