bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aconselhamento pré-viagem aos voluntários com destino ao Haiti. Relato da experiência do Ambulatório dos Viajantes do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP
Authors: Miyaji Karina Takesaki , Chaves Tânia Do Socorro Souza , Lara Amanda Nazareth , Luiz André Machado , Sartori Ana Marli Christovan , Lopes Marta Heloisa 
Published: April 2015

INTRODUÇÃO: Desastres naturais representam ameaça à vida e às condições mínimas de sobrevivência de milhares de pessoas. Em 12 de janeiro de 2010 o Haiti foi assolado por um dos mais devastadores terremotos da história do país. Equipes de resgate do mundo inteiro chegaram ao país para ajuda humanitária. O Ambulatório dos Viajantes, da Divisão de Clínica de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP) fez a orientação pré-viagem dos voluntários que foram encaminhados ao serviço. OBJETIVO: Enfatizar a importância da medicina de viagem em emergência de saúde pública e descrever a orientação pré-viagem fornecida aos viajantes. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo de relato da experiência do Ambulatório dos Viajantes da Divisão de Clínica de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias da FMUSP, na orientação pré-viagem de viajantes com destino ao Haiti. Toda a equipe profissional do ambulatório foi informada da situação e uma estratégia foi criada para atender a demanda sem comprometer a rotina. Orientação sobre os riscos de adoecimento através de água e alimentos, vetores, poluição do ar, animais peçonhentos, choque elétricos foram discutidos além da informação sobre os aspectos geográficos, históricos, políticos e econômicos. RESULTADOS: Foram atendidos 98 viajantes. A média da idade foi 38,9 (23 a 66) anos e 79,6% eram do sexo masculino. Entre as ocupações referidas pelos viajantes atendidos foi possível observar: profissionais de saúde e bombeiros (52%), técnicos de telefonia (17,3%), policiais e militares (16,3%) e outros profissionais (14,2%). Vacinas indicadas e realizadas no serviço: febre tifóide (92%), hepatite A (87%), febre amarela (46%), tétano e difteria (dT) (36%), sarampo, caxumba e rubéola (28%), poliomielite (19%), vacina antimeningocócica conjugada C (6%), influenza e raiva. Todas as medidas de prevenção para a malária foram recomendadas. Cloroquina foi a droga de escolha para a quimioprofilaxia da malária, e a ciprofloxacina para diarreia do viajante. Conclusão: A MV se faz presente a cada dia entre nós e ultrapassa barreiras em situações de emergências em saúde pública, como no caso de desastres naturais.
Tafamidis in Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Maurer Mathew S. , Grogan Donna R. , Judge Daniel P. , Mundayat Rajiv , Packman Jeff , Lombardo Ilise , Quyyumi Arshed A. , Aarts Janske , Falk Rodney H. 
Published: April 2015

Background—
Transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis is a progressive systemic disorder caused by misfolded TTR monomers that cumulatively deposit in the heart and systemically as amyloid.

Methods and Results—
This phase 2 open-label trial evaluated the stabilization of TTR tetramers using 20 mg of tafamidis daily at week 6 (primary end point), month 6, and month 12, as well as safety of tafamidis treatment and efficacy with respect to progression of TTR amyloid cardiomyopathy. Thirty-one wild-type patients (median age, 76.7 years; 93.5% men) with a median disease duration of 55.6 months and mild to moderate heart failure (96.8%; New York Heart Association, classes I–II) were enrolled. Thirty of 31 patients (96.8%) achieved TTR stabilization after 6 weeks and 25 of 28 patients (89.3%) after 12 months. After 12 months of treatment, 3 patients discontinued prematurely, 2 patients died, 7 patients were hospitalized because of cardiovascular events, 20 of 28 patients demonstrated preserved New York Heart Association classification status, but 15 of 31 (48.4%) patients had clinical progression (eg, admission for cardiac failure, atrial fibrillation, and syncope). N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide levels did not increase significantly over time, troponin I and troponin T increased moderately, and no consistent clinically relevant changes were seen in echocardiographic cardiac assessments. Tafamidis treatment was generally well tolerated although 7 of 31 patients had bouts of diarrhea.

Conclusions—
Tafamidis treatment effectively achieved and maintained TTR stabilization and was well tolerated. The absence of significant changes in most biochemical and echocardiographic parameters suggests that further evaluation of tafamidis in TTR amyloid cardiomyopathy is warranted.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00694161.
Myocardial Adaptation to High-Intensity (Interval) Training in Previously Untrained Men With a Longitudinal Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study (Running Study and Heart Trial)
Authors: Scharf Michael , Schmid Axel , Kemmler Wolfgang , von Stengel Simon , May Matthias S. , Wuest Wolfgang , Achenbach Stephan , Uder Michael , Lell Michael M. 
Published: April 2015

Background—
To prospectively evaluate whether short-term high-intensity (interval) training (HI(I)T) induces detectable morphological cardiac changes in previously untrained men in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods and Results—

Eighty-four untrained volunteers were randomly assigned to a HI(I)T group (n=42; 44.1±4.7 years) or an inactive control group (n=42; 42.3±5.6 years). HI(I)T focused on interval runs (intensity: 95%–105% of individually calculated heart rate at the anaerobic threshold). Before and after 16 weeks, all subjects underwent physiological examination, stepwise treadmill test with blood lactate analysis, and contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (cine, tagging, and delayed enhancement). Indexed left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volume (LV, 77.1±8.5–83.9±8.6; RV, 80.5±8.5–86.6±8.1) and mass (LV, 58.2±6.4–63.4±8.1; RV, 14.8±1.7–16.1±2.1) significantly increased with HI(I)T. Changes in LV and RV morphological parameters with HI(I)T were highly correlated with an increase in maximal aerobic capacity (VO
2max
) and a decrease in blood lactate concentration at the anaerobic threshold. Mean LV and RV remodeling index of HI(I)T group did not alter with training (0.76 ±0.09 and 0.24±0.10 g/mL, respectively [
P
=0.97 and
P
=0.72]), indicating balanced cardiac adaptation. Myocardial circumferential strain decreased after HI(I)T within all 6 basal segments (anteroseptal,
P
=0.01 and anterolateral,
P
<0.001). There was no late gadolinium enhancement in any of the participants before or post HI(I)T.

Conclusions—
Sixteen weeks of HI(I)T lead to measurable changes in cardiac atrial and ventricular morphology and function in previously untrained men. This correlates with improvements in parameters of endurance capacity.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01406730.
Multiparametric Assessment of Vascular Function in Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Englund Erin K. , Langham Michael C. , Ratcliffe Sarah J. , Fanning Molly J. , Wehrli Felix W. , Mohler Emile R. , Floyd Thomas F. 
Published: April 2015

Background—
Endothelial dysfunction present in patients with peripheral artery disease may be better understood by measuring the temporal dynamics of blood flow and oxygen saturation during reactive hyperemia than by conventional static measurements.

Methods and Results—

Perfusion, Intravascular Venous Oxygen saturation, and T
2
* (PIVOT), a recently developed MRI technique, was used to measure the response to an ischemia–reperfusion paradigm in 96 patients with peripheral artery disease of varying severity and 10 healthy controls. Perfusion, venous oxygen saturation SvO
2
, and T
2
* were each quantified in the calf at 2-s temporal resolution, yielding a dynamic time course for each variable. Compared with healthy controls, patients had a blunted and delayed hyperemic response. Moreover, patients with lower ankle-brachial index had (1) a more delayed reactive hyperemia response time, manifesting as an increase in time to peak perfusion in the gastrocnemius, soleus, and peroneus muscles, and in the anterior compartment, (2) an increase in the time to peak T
2
* measured in the soleus muscle, and (3) a prolongation of the posterior tibial vein SvO
2
washout time. Intrasession and intersession repeatability were also assessed. Results indicated that time to peak perfusion and time to peak T
2
* were the most reliable extracted time course metrics.

Conclusions—

Perfusion, dynamic SvO
2
, and T
2
* response times after induced ischemia are highly correlated with peripheral artery disease severity. Combined imaging of peripheral microvascular blood flow and dynamics of oxygen saturation with Perfusion, intravascular SvO
2
, and T
2
* may be a useful tool to investigate the pathophysiology of peripheral artery disease.
Longitudinal Changes in Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in a General Population
Authors: Kuznetsova Tatiana , Thijs Lutgarde , Knez Judita , Cauwenberghs Nicholas , Petit Thibault , Gu Yu-Mei , Zhang Zhenyu , Staessen Jan A. 
Published: April 2015

Background—
Data on changes in left ventricular diastolic function (LVDF) over time in the general population are sparse. We, therefore, investigated in the population cohort clinical correlates of longitudinal changes in Doppler diastolic indexes analyzed as continuous measures and assessed factors predictive of the changes in LVDF grades over time.

Methods and Results—

We measured early and late diastolic peak velocities of mitral inflow (E and A) by conventional Doppler, and the mitral annular velocities (e′ and a′) by tissue Doppler imaging in 650 participants (mean age, 50.7 years) at baseline and after 4.7 years (5th to 95th percentile, 3.7–5.4). In stepwise regression, the multivariable-adjusted correlates of the change in the transmitral and tissue Doppler imaging diastolic indexes included sex, age, baseline serum insulin, blood pressure, and heart rate. During follow-up, LVDF grades remained unchanged in 87.2% (95% confidence interval, 84.6%–89.8%), improved in 3.7% (95% confidence interval, 2.25%–5.15%), and worsened in 9.1% (95% confidence interval, 6.9%–11.3%). Baseline age was a strong predictor of worsening of LVDF from normal/mild grade to more advanced grade (odds ratio, 3.22;
P
<0.0001). A doubling of baseline insulin was associated with a 184% increase in the odds of worsening of LVDF (
P
<0.0001). Moreover, baseline diastolic blood pressure and the change in systolic blood pressure over time predicted worsening of LVDF (
P
≤0.014).

Conclusions—
The key findings of this study are that LVDF tended to worsen over time and was associated with advanced age, higher baseline insulin level, and hemodynamic parameters, such as heart rate and blood pressure.
Association Between Divorce and Risks for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Dupre Matthew E. , George Linda K. , Liu Guangya , Peterson Eric D. 
Published: April 2015

Background—
Divorce is a major life stressor that can have economic, emotional, and physical health consequences. However, the cumulative association between divorce and risks for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is unknown. This study investigated the association between lifetime exposure to divorce and the incidence of AMI in US adults.

Methods and Results—

We used nationally representative data from a prospective cohort of ever-married adults aged 45 to 80 years (n=15 827) who were followed biennially from 1992 to 2010. Approximately 14% of men and 19% of women were divorced at baseline and more than one third of the cohort had ≥1 divorce in their lifetime. In 200 524 person-years of follow-up, 8% (n=1211) of the cohort had an AMI and age-specific rates of AMI were consistently higher in those who were divorced compared with those who were continuously married (
P
<0.05). Results from competing-risk hazard models showed that AMI risks were significantly higher in women who had 1 divorce (hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.55), ≥2 divorces (hazard ratio, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.30–2.41), and among the remarried (hazard ratio, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.70) compared with continuously married women after adjusting for multiple risk factors. Multivariable-adjusted risks were elevated only in men with a history of ≥2 divorces (hazard ratio, 1.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.66) compared with continuously married men. Men who remarried had no significant risk for AMI. Interaction terms for sex were not statistically significant.

Conclusions—
Divorce is a significant risk factor for AMI. The risks associated with multiple divorces are especially high in women and are not reduced with remarriage.
Effects of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition in Hyperuricemic Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Givertz Michael M. , Anstrom Kevin J. , Redfield Margaret M. , Deswal Anita , Haddad Haissam , Butler Javed , Tang W.H. Wilson , Dunlap Mark E. , LeWinter Martin M. , Mann Douglas L. , Felker G. Michael , O’Connor Christopher M. , Goldsmith Steven R. , Ofili Elizabeth O. , Saltzberg Mitchell T. , Margulies Kenneth B. , Cappola Thomas P. , Konstam Marvin A. , Semigran Marc J. , McNulty Steven E. , Lee Kerry L. , Shah Monica R. , Hernandez Adrian F. 
Published: April 2015

Background—
Oxidative stress may contribute to heart failure (HF) progression. Inhibiting xanthine oxidase in hyperuricemic HF patients may improve outcomes.

Methods and Results—

We randomly assigned 253 patients with symptomatic HF, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%, and serum uric acid levels ≥9.5 mg/dL to receive allopurinol (target dose, 600 mg daily) or placebo in a double-blind, multicenter trial. The primary composite end point at 24 weeks was based on survival, worsening HF, and patient global assessment. Secondary end points included change in quality of life, submaximal exercise capacity, and left ventricular ejection fraction. Uric acid levels were significantly reduced with allopurinol in comparison with placebo (treatment difference, –4.2 [–4.9, –3.5] mg/dL and –3.5 [–4.2, –2.7] mg/dL at 12 and 24 weeks, respectively, both
P
<0.0001). At 24 weeks, there was no significant difference in clinical status between the allopurinol- and placebo-treated patients (worsened 45% versus 46%, unchanged 42% versus 34%, improved 13% versus 19%, respectively;
P
=0.68). At 12 and 24 weeks, there was no significant difference in change in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire scores or 6-minute walk distances between the 2 groups. At 24 weeks, left ventricular ejection fraction did not change in either group or between groups. Rash occurred more frequently with allopurinol (10% versus 2%,
P
=0.01), but there was no difference in serious adverse event rates between the groups (20% versus 15%,
P
=0.36).

Conclusions—
In high-risk HF patients with reduced ejection fraction and elevated uric acid levels, xanthine oxidase inhibition with allopurinol failed to improve clinical status, exercise capacity, quality of life, or left ventricular ejection fraction at 24 weeks.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00987415.
AIRS, IASI, and CrIS Retrieval Records at Climate Scales: An Investigation into the Propagation of Systematic Uncertainty
Authors: Smith Nadia , Smith William L. , Weisz Elisabeth , Revercomb Henry E. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractUncertainty requirements for climate observations are more stringent than for weather observations because of the scale dependency of natural variation. At present there is no space-based climate observing system, so weather observations have to be aggregated for the study of large-scale change. The management and minimization of uncertainty sources in weather observations are, therefore, a high priority. This work is a first attempt at investigating if a single long-term record can be assembled with temperature retrievals from three hyperspectral satellite sounders in polar orbit: the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on Aqua in afternoon orbit since 2002, the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) on MetOp-A in morning orbit since 2006, and the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) on board the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership in afternoon orbit since 2011. These instruments measure not only the vertical atmospheric structure but also atmospheric composition, thus providing coincident observations of many essential climate variables. Two main sources of known systematic differences, namely local sampling time (LST) and instrument type (i.e., interferometer vs grating spectrometer), are characterized. For a 5-yr record it is shown that differences among these temperature soundings are height dependent; a multi-instrument data record could be assembled from measurements of the stratosphere but this is not yet possible for the troposphere, where cloud effects are shown to be dominant and dependent on instrument type. Moreover, LST differences are limited to regional systematic effects in the lower troposphere and boundary layer. This research is a step toward the development of transparent and geophysically consistent methods with which to assemble weather measurements into climate observations.
Clinical and laboratory features parameters of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) in patients admitted to hospital in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Jiao Xiao-yang , Fan Zhi-chen , Li Ya-zhen , Tang Yue-ting , Ke Chang-wen 
Published: April 2015

Background Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is an acute tick-borne infectious disease with increasing morbidity and mortality, but is rarely considered in clinical practice. Because human-to-human transfusion or nosocomial transmission can occur, diagnosis is difficult when the history of tick bites is not clear. Methods We present clinical features and laboratory data of HGA patients who had no clear tick bite history. Results All patients in the study presented with a high fever, petechiae, purpura, nose bleeding and leukopenia, and patients had abnormally high levels of serum ferritin and C-reactive protein. Morulae in leukocytes were observed in three patients. Foamy histiocytes and slight erythrophagocytic activity were only found in severely ill patients. Conclusion In patients with fever and thrombocytopenia in whom no other diagnosis is evident on clinical assessment, HGA should be considered in the differential diagnosis, and tested for serologically if possible. For patients in whom the diagnosis of HGA is possible, and to whom tetracyclines can safely be given, it is apparent that these drugs hasten recovery and improve the prognosis.
Cognitive motor intervention for gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xue-Qiang , Pi Yan-Ling , Chen Bing-Lin , Wang Ru , Li Xin , Chen Pei-Jie 
Published: April 2015

Objective: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of cognitive motor intervention (CMI) on gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease. Data sources: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, PEDro, and China Biology Medicine disc. Methods: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non RCTs. Two reviewers independently evaluated articles for eligibility and quality and serially abstracted data. A standardized mean difference ± standard error and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for each study using Hedge’s g to quantify the treatment effect. Results: Nine trials with 181 subjects, four randomized controlled trials, and five single group intervention studies were included. The pooling revealed that cognitive motor intervention can improve gait speed (Hedge’s g = 0.643 ± 0.191; 95% CI: 0.269 to 1.017, P = 0.001), stride time (Hedge’s g = -0.536 ± 0.167; 95% CI: -0.862 to -0.209, P = 0.001), Berg Balance Scale (Hedge’s g = 0.783 ± 0.289; 95% CI: 0.218 to 1.349, P = 0.007), Unipedal Stance Test (Hedge’s g = 0.440 ± 0.189; 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.81, P =0.02). Conclusions: The systematic review demonstrates that cognitive motor intervention is effective for gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease. However, the paper is limited by the quality of the included trials.
Knowledge and attitudes of occupational therapists to giving advice on fitness to drive
Authors: Hawley Carol 
Published: April 2015

Introduction A range of medical conditions can affect driving, and health professionals should advise patients accordingly. This study examined the knowledge of occupational therapists, other therapists and psychologists regarding medical standards for driving, their attitudes to advising patients about driving, and barriers to giving that advice. Method A structured questionnaire measured knowledge of medical standards and attitudes to advising patients about driving. Analyses compared responses of occupational therapists with those of other therapists and psychologists. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with therapists and psychologists after they had watched a video-taped clinical consultation with an actor–patient who was unfit to drive. Interviewees, unaware that the study was about driving, were asked how they would advise the patient. Focus groups were held with a range of health professionals to discuss facilitators and barriers to giving driving advice. Results Eighty-two questionnaires were completed. Occupational therapists were most aware of driving guidelines and most likely to advise patients to stop driving ( p < 0.01). A total of 98% of occupational therapists believed they should discuss driving compared with 68% of other therapists and psychologists ( p < 0.01). Therapists were more likely than psychologists to spontaneously raise the issue of driving after viewing the video-consultation. Conclusion Occupational therapists are well placed to expand their role in advising patients about fitness to drive. For this they require additional training and clarification of their role and legal responsibilities.
Fitting top seal topography and CO2 layer thickness to time-lapse seismic amplitude maps at Sleipner
Authors: Kiær Anders Fredrik 
Published: April 2015

Injected [Formula: see text] at the Sleipner storage site is migrating into several thin layers. Using a tuning relationship, two different layer thicknesses can give the same reflection amplitude, and it is then not possible to go from amplitudes to [Formula: see text] layer thicknesses without further constraints. Exploiting spatial and time-lapse dependencies in the reflection amplitude maps makes it possible to resolve this ambiguity and create layer thickness maps when the [Formula: see text] flow is gravity dominated. The topography of the sealing cap rock was used as an optimization parameter. Tests were done on synthetic data and real data from the Sleipner [Formula: see text] injection. The resulting topography map for the Sleipner case deviated by 5.3 m on average from simple time-depth mapping, which is within the mapping uncertainty. Although the predictive power is limited, outputs of the method can be used to check if the flow matches a gravity-dominated model or if other flow mechanisms are needed to explain the observations.
On the μ-invariant of Katz p-adic L-functions attached to imaginary quadratic fields
Authors: Oukhaba Hassan , Viguié Stéphane 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
We extend to p = 2 and p = 3 the result of Gillard and Schneps which states that the μ-invariant of Katz p-adic L-functions attached to imaginary quadratic fields along the Coates–Wiles ℤ
p
-extension is zero for p > 3. The arithmetic interpretation of this fact is given in the introduction.