bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of depression and associated risk factors among the elderly in Middle Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Arslantas Didem , Ünsal Alaettin , Ozbabalık Demet 
Published: April 2013

AimThe present cross‐sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of depression among the elderly, and to examine the relationship between depression and dependency in activities of daily living.Material‐MethodsAccording to the records of the Beylikova Community Health Center, there were 251 individuals aged 65 years and older living in the town center, and 203 (80.8%) of them had been reached. The depression status was assessed by using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Katz's Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale, and Lawton and Brody's Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale. Among the statistical analyses, the χ2‐test and Spearman's correlation analysis were used. A value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe prevalence of depression was found to be 45.8% (93 persons). The prevalence of depression was significantly higher in women, in those with a history of any chronic disease and in those living alone. The scores on the GDS and thus the severity of depression decreased with increasing scores on ADL and IADL scales (for each, P < 0.05).ConclusionDepression seen in nearly every second older individual implies that the problem is very common. It was concluded that primary healthcare should be integrated into community‐based care, and it would be appropriate to plan early diagnosis and treatment programs for the elderly. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 14: 100–108.
Caregiver burden of Mexican dementia patients: The role of dysexecutive syndrome, sleep disorders, schooling and caregiver depression
Authors: Rosas‐Carrasco Óscar , Guerra‐Silla María de Guadalupe , Torres‐Arreola Laura del Pilar , García‐Peña Carmen , Escamilla‐Jiménez Cristopher Isaac , González‐González César 
Published: April 2013

AimsAs a result of the accelerated growth of the elderly population, reconfiguration of families and member roles, and the increase of mental disorders, it is necessary to investigate the effects of this set of factors on the caregivers of patients with dementia in Mexico. Mental disorders of individuals have a negative impact on their physical and emotional quality of life, leading to greater dependence and making the caring experience a heavy burden. Several studies (none in Mexico) have used either the characteristics of the patient or caregiver to determine the burden, but few studies have included both profiles within a single study. The objective of the present study was to analyze the characteristics of the patients and caregivers associated with caregiver burden.MethodsA multicenter study was carried out in six health institutions located in Mexico City, including 175 patients (and their caregivers) diagnosed with different types of dementia. We used the Spanish Caregiver Burden Screen. Descriptive analysis and logistic regressions were used to estimate the effect of the covariates on the caregiver burden.ResultsThe results showed that patient variables have a greater impact on caregiver burden than caregiver‐associated variables. Dysexecutive syndrome, sleep disorders, schooling and caregiver depression are associated with a higher level of caregiver burden.ConclusionsCaregiver burden is a complex phenomenon. The results of the present study showed the need to implement multifactorial interventions targeting the caregiver to reduce the burden, strengthen the skills for patient management to avoid depression, improve patient health, and diminish functional dependence and future hospitalization. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 14: 146–152.
Post‐therapeutic needle biopsy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is a useful tool to evaluate response to proton irradiation
Authors: Saito Yoshifumi , Matsuzaki Yasushi , Honda Akira , Iwamoto Junichi , Ikegami Tadashi , Chiba Toshiya , Sugahara Shinji , Okumura Toshiyuki , Tsujii Hirohiko , Doy Mikio , Tokuuye Koichi 
Published: April 2013

AimProton beam therapy is safe and more effective than conventional radiation therapy for the local control of nodular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, evaluating therapeutic response by imaging is not accurate during the early post‐irradiation period. Therefore, we examined whether the histopathological study of biopsy specimens obtained at 3 weeks after irradiation can be used to more accurately assess therapeutic response.MethodsFifteen HCC lesions from 13 patients were treated with proton beam irradiation. Tissue biopsy samples were obtained using abdominal ultrasound‐guided percutaneous fine‐needle aspiration from the center of the tumor before, 3 weeks after and 1 year post‐proton therapy. The specimens were examined after staining with hematoxylin–eosin (HE) and a MIB‐1 antibody.ResultsMIB‐1 labeling indices (LI) before treatment were 13.0 ± 8.5% (mean ± SD; range, 0.6–27.0), whereas those 3 weeks after proton therapy were significantly reduced to 3.2 ± 2.4% (range, 0.6–8.9) (P < 0.05). Although the tumor size was reduced, we did not observe a reduction in tumor blood flow by dynamic computed tomography or degenerative changes by HE. All lesions that displayed reduced MIB‐1 LI at 3 weeks post‐proton treatment were ultimately diagnosed as complete response at 1 year after treatment. In contrast, one case with increased MIB‐1 LI at 3 weeks had significant tumor size progression at 1 year post‐treatment.ConclusionThe percutaneous fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of HCC is a safe and useful tool that can be used to evaluate the response to proton irradiation. In particular, MIB‐1 LI may provide additional information to assess the therapeutic response of HCC during the early post‐irradiated period.
Clinical significance of hepatectomy for primary biliary cirrhosis patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Report of a single center case series and review of the published work
Authors: Sasaki Kazunari , Matsuda Masamichi , Ohkura Yu , Kawamura Yusuke , Inoue Masafumi , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Hashimoto Masaji , Ikeda Kenji , Kumada Hiromitsu , Watanabe Goro 
Published: April 2013

AimHepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) has seldom been reported, and the clinical significance of this procedure remains unclear, although HCC has often been observed in end‐stage PBC patients.MethodsTo understand the characteristics of hepatectomy on HCC in PBC patients, we examined seven cases at our institute, as well as 22 reported hepatectomy cases in the English‐language and Japanese published work. Furthermore, to assess the treatment efficacy of hepatectomy for HCC in PBC patients, we compared these patients with viral hepatitis patients who underwent hepatectomies at our institute during the same period.ResultsIn the review of 29 cases, more than 70% of the patients were aged over 65 years, and the mean Mayo risk score was low at 5.17. The resected tumors were mainly solitary (79%), and the median maximum tumor size was 37 mm. Approximately two‐thirds of the patients met the Milan criteria. In the comparison between the PBC and viral hepatitis cases, there were no differences in the postoperative prognoses, although the tumor size was greater in the PBC cases.ConclusionHepatectomy for HCC in selected PBC cases is a feasible and potentially curative treatment option, similar to hepatectomy for HCC in viral hepatitis patients. This procedure is particularly useful for patients with preserved liver function who are not ideal candidates for liver transplantation.
Improving the management of warfarin in aged-care facilities utilising innovative technology: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Bereznicki Luke R E , Jackson Shane L , Kromdijk Wiete , Gee Peter , Fitzmaurice Kimbra , Bereznicki Bonnie J , Peterson Gregory M 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Objective
In aged-care facilities (ACFs) monitoring of warfarin can be logistically challenging and International Normalised Ratio (INR control) is often suboptimal. We aimed to determine whether an integrated information and communications technology system and the use of point-of-care (POC) monitors by nursing staff could improve the INR control of aged-care facility residents who take warfarin.

Methods
Nursing staff identified residents who were prescribed warfarin in participating ACFs. A computer program (MedePOC) was developed to store and transmit INR results from the ACFs to general practitioners (GPs) for dosage adjustment. Nursing staff received training in the use of the CoaguChek XS point-of-care INR monitor and the MedePOC software. Following a run-in phase, eligible patients were monitored weekly for up to 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in the time in therapeutic range (TTR) in the intervention phase compared to the TTR in the 12 months preceding the study. All GPs, nursing staff and patients were surveyed for their experiences and opinions of the project.

Key findings
Twenty-four patients and 19 GPs completed the trial across six ACFs. The mean TTR for all patients improved non-significantly from 58.9 to 60.6% (P = 0.79) and the proportion of INR tests in range improved non-significantly from 57.1 to 64.1% (P = 0.21). The mean TTR improved in 14 patients (58%) and in these patients the mean absolute improvement in TTR was 23.1%. A post hoc analysis of the INR data using modified therapeutic INR ranges to reflect the dosage adjustment practices of GPs suggested that the intervention did lead to improved INR control. The MedePOC program and POC monitoring was well received by nursing staff.

Conclusions
Weekly POC INR monitoring conducted in ACFs and electronic communication of the results and warfarin doses resulted in non-significant improvements in INR control in a small cohort of elderly residents. Further research involving modification to the communication strategy and a longer follow-up period is warranted to investigate whether this strategy can improve INR control and clinical outcomes in this vulnerable population.
A useful method to overcome the difficulties of applying silicone gel sheet on irregular surfaces
Authors: Grella Roberto , Nicoletti Gianfranco , D'Ari Antonio , Romanucci Vincenza , Santoro Mariangela , D'Andrea Francesco 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTTo date, silicone gel and silicone occlusive plates are the most useful and effective treatment options for hypertrophic scars (surgical and traumatic). Use of silicone sheeting has also been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of minor keloids in association with corticosteroid intralesional infiltration. In our practice, we encountered four problems: maceration, rashes, pruritus and infection. Not all patients are able to tolerate the cushion, especially children, and certain anatomical regions as the face and the upper chest are not easy to dress for obvious social, psychological and aesthetic reasons. In other anatomical regions, it is also difficult to obtain adequate compression and occlusion of the scar. To overcome such problems of applying silicone gel sheeting, we tested the use of liquid silicone gel (LSG) in the treatment of 18 linear hypertrophic scars (HS group) and 12 minor keloids (KS group) as an alternative to silicone gel sheeting or cushion. Objective parameters (volume, thickness and colour) and subjective symptoms such as pain and pruritus were examined. Evaluations were made when the therapy started and after 30, 90 and 180 days of follow‐up. After 90 days of treatment with silicone gel alone (two applications daily), HS group showed a significant improvement in terms of volume decrease, reduced inflammation and redness and improved elasticity. In conclusion, on the basis of our clinical data, we find LSG to be a useful method to overcome the difficulties of applying silicone gel sheeting on irregular surface.
The Effect of Zinc Acetate Dihydrate on Morphology and Luminescence Properties of CaSi2O2N2: Eu2+ Phosphor
Authors: Ma Y. Y. , Xiao F. , Ye S. , Zhang Q. Y. , Jiang Z.H. 
Published: April 2013

CaSi2O2N2: Eu2+ phosphors with zinc acetate additive as a flux agent have been synthesized successfully by solid‐state process. The structure, morphology, and photoluminescence (PL) properties of the compounds are investigated as a function of zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O) dosage. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurement indicates that the pure CaSi2O2N2 phase is obtained by adding appropriate amount of zinc acetate dehydrate. The sheetlike morphology of sample transforms into block as Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O content reaching 43 wt%, associated with the increase in emission intensity. A strong absorption band from near ultraviolet (NUV) to visible range and a broad yellow emission band in the wavelength range of 460–700 nm are observed in Eu2+‐doped CaSi2O2N2. High bright yellowish light emitting diodes are obtained by combining CaSi2O2N2:Eu2+ as the wavelength conversion phosphor with NUV InGaN LED‐chip (395 nm). The bright yellowish emission and the low thermal quenching effect of CaSi2O2N2: Eu2+ with zinc acetate additive make it a potential phosphor converter for white LEDs.
Thermodynamic Control of Phase Composition and Crystallization of Metal‐Modified Silicon Oxycarbides
Authors: Ionescu E. , Terzioglu C. , Linck C. , Kaspar J. , Navrotsky A. , Riedel R. 
Published: April 2013

Silicon oxycarbides modified with main group or transition metals (SiMOC) are usually synthesized via pyrolysis of sol‐gel precursors from suitable metal‐modified orthosilicates or polysiloxanes. In this study, the phase composition of different SiMOC systems (M = Sn, Fe, Mn, V, and Lu) was investigated. Depending on the metal, different ceramic phases formed. For M = Mn and Lu, MOx/SiOC ceramic nanocomposites were formed, whereas other compositions revealed the formation of M/SiOC (M = Sn), MSix/SiOC (M = Fe) or MCx/SiOC (M = V) upon pyrolysis. The different phase compositions of the SiMOC materials are rationalized by a simple thermodynamic approach which generally correctly predicts which type of ceramic nanocomposite is expected upon ceramization of the metal‐modified precursors. Calculations show that the thermodynamic stability of the MOx phase with respect to that of the C–O system is the most important factor to predict phase formation in polymer‐derived SiMOC ceramic systems. A secondary factor is the relative stability of metal oxides, silicates, carbides, and silicides.
Localized Temperature Stability in Low‐Temperature Cofired Ceramics
Authors: Dai Steve X 
Published: April 2013

Low‐temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) is a multilayer 3D packaging, interconnection, and integration technology. For LTCC modules targeting radio and microwave frequency (RF and MW) applications, a low or near 0 ppm/°C temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) ensures temperature stability of embedded resonator and filter functions. The base dielectrics of most commercial LTCC systems have a τf in the range −50 to −80 ppm/°C. This study explored a method to achieve a zero τf on stripline (SL) resonators by locally cofiring, in a multilayer LTCC structure, compensating dielectrics (CD) with an opposite τf to that of the host dielectric. The formulation, synthesis, dielectric properties, and microstructure of SrTiO3 (STO)‐based low‐fire τf CD are presented. Chemical interactions and physical compatibility between the compensating and the host LTCC dielectrics are investigated for cofireability. The dependence of τf compensation on the wt% of STO, the printed thickness, and the location of the CD in multilayer LTCC are discussed. The most effective τf compensation is achieved by integrating CD next to the resonator lines, and can be explained by the concentration of electromagnetic energy via total internal reflection of electromagnetic waves inside the CD layer.
Naked Amoebae in Biofilms Collected from a Temperate Freshwater Pond
Authors: Anderson O. Roger 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBiofilms collected on Plexiglass substrates, from a freshwater pond in northern New York State, were examined microscopically for naked amoebae densities, sizes, diversity, and estimated C‐biomass. Five samples were obtained during summer 2006 and 2007. The densities ranged from 109 to 136/cm2 biofilm surface and 285 to 550/mg biofilm dry weight. Sizes ranged from 13 to 200 μm. Diversities ranged from 4.23 to 4.55. C‐biomass ranged from 64 to 543 ng C/cm2 and 125 to 1,700 μg C/g dry weight. Thirty morphospecies were identified among the five samples, including very large amoebae in the range of 100–200 μm. Large amoebae (≥ 50 μm) accounted for the largest proportion of the C‐biomass.
The association of dietary phytochemical index and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Authors: Bahadoran Z. , Golzarand M. , Mirmiran P. , Saadati N. , Azizi F. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundPhytochemicals are natural non‐nutritive bioactive compounds found in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and legumes, as well as other plant foods. In the present study, we assessed the dietary phytochemical index (PI) in relation to cardiometabolic risk factors among Iranian adults.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted within the framework of third phase of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study 2006–2008. For the present study, 2567 subjects aged 19–70 years (1129 men and 1438 women) were selected randomly. Dietary data were collected using a validated semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire with 168 food items. The PI was calculated based on daily energy derived from phytochemical‐rich foods. The odds ratios of abdominal obesity, impaired fasting glucose, hypertriglyceridaemia, low high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol and hypertension were assessed across PI quartile categories.ResultsThe mean (SD) age of participants was 39.4 (13.2) years. Participants in the upper quartile of PI were older, and had a lower weight and waist circumference. The mean (SD) of the PI was 17.3 (5.6), 25.5 (6.4), 32.7 (8.3) and 42.8 (10.5) in the first, second, third and fourth quartiles, respectively. Compared with those in the lower quartile of PI, participants in the upper quartiles had a 66% lower risk of abdominal obesity [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.23–0.51] and a 36% lower risk of hypertriglyceridaemia (95% CI, 0.47–0.86), after adjustment for potential confounders.ConclusionsHigher intakes of phytochemical‐rich foods are associated with a lower risk of abdominal obesity and hypertriglyceridaemia as the main cardiometabolic risk factors.
Petrogenesis and implications of jadeite‐bearing kyanite eclogite from the Sanbagawa belt (SW Japan)
Authors: Endo S. , Tsuboi M. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractJadeite‐bearing kyanite eclogite has been discovered in the Iratsu body of the Sanbagawa belt, SW Japan. The jadeite + kyanite assemblage is stable at higher pressure–temperature (P–T) conditions or lower H2O activity [a(H2O)] than paragonite, although paragonite‐bearing eclogite is common in the Sanbagawa belt. The newly discovered eclogite is a massive metagabbro with the peak‐P assemblage garnet + omphacite + jadeite + kyanite + phengite + quartz + rutile. Impure jadeite is exclusively present as inclusions in garnet. The compositional gap between the coexisting omphacite (P2/n) and impure jadeite (C2/c) suggests relatively low metamorphic temperatures of 510–620 °C. Multi‐equilibrium thermobarometry for the assemblage garnet + omphacite + kyanite + phengite + quartz gives peak‐P conditions of ~2.5 GPa, 570 °C. Crystallization of jadeite in the metagabbro is attributed to Na‐ and Al‐rich effective bulk composition due to the persistence of relict Ca‐rich clinopyroxene at the peak‐P stage. By subtracting relict clinopyroxene from the whole‐rock composition, pseudosection modelling satisfactorily reproduces the observed jadeite‐bearing assemblage and mineral compositions at ~2.4–2.5 GPa, 570–610 °C and a(H2O) >0.6. The relatively high pressure conditions derived from the jadeite‐bearing kyanite eclogite are further supported by high residual pressures of quartz inclusions in garnet. The maximum depth of exhumation in the Sanbagawa belt (~80 km) suggests decoupling of the slab–mantle wedge interface at this depth.
The Paralyzing Instant
Authors: Malesic Jonathan 
Published: April 2013

AbstractKierkegaard in Fear and Trembling presents a reductio ad absurdum regarding the time‐spans subject to moral evaluation. The text's classic dilemma depends on assuming that we only evaluate discrete, contextless instants. The pseudonymous author constantly seeks the single instant or moral “photograph” that indicates Abraham's status. Doing so, however, extracts scripture's moral legislation out from narrative, resulting in theological paralysis and thereby requiring an alternative temporal vocabulary for evaluating Abraham. Fear and Trembling contains an under‐explored alternative that sets Abraham within the covenantal narrative's temporality. The paper explores the consequences of shifting from evaluating instants to evaluating narrative durations, showing that while Genesis 22 remains a challenging episode, it also offers a model of imaginative faith, fidelity to promises, and hope in the face of trauma that focusing on moral instants overlooks.
Formative and Transformative
Authors: Hogan Linda 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis review essay discusses the significance ofCharlesCurran's contribution to the field ofCatholic theological ethics. I suggest thatCurran's theological voice is a distinct and important one, that his preoccupations mirror major concerns in moral theology, and that his approach has been shaped through his long‐standing ecumenical and interdisciplinary commitments. I consider four recent monographs and analyzeCurran's impact under the headings of (1) the nature of moral theology; (2) the ecclesial shape of moral theology; (3) the (historical) contexts of moral theology; and (4) the (social) character of moral theology. I note thatCurran's primary concern has been to honor the richness of theCatholic moral tradition, and that the range and depth of his work is unrivalled in contemporaryCatholic moral theology. I conclude by suggesting thatCurran's contribution to the discipline of moral theology has been both formative and transformative.