bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of Resident and Seasonally Transient Prey to Largemouth Bass in the St. Johns River, Florida
Authors: Trippel Nicholas A. , Allen Micheal S. , McBride Richard S. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe examined seasonal dynamics of prey availability and diets of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides in the St. Johns River, Florida. The four most common prey species were Threadfin Shad Dorosoma petenense, Bay Anchovy Anchoa mitchilli, Atlantic Croaker Micropogonias undulatus, and Atlantic Menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus. The number of prey found in Largemouth Bass varied significantly by month (year‐round) and predator size (“small,” <356 mm TL, n = 267; “medium,” 356–432 mm TL, n = 205; “large,” >432 mm TL, n = 114). Atlantic Menhaden were most energetically beneficial to predators when available. Of the four most common prey species collected in trawls, only menhaden trawl catch was positively correlated with its appearance in bass diets. Menhaden were eaten by bass of all sizes, but were found only from September through November. Largemouth Bass did not feed heavily on juvenile anadromous shads Alosa spp. during their autumn migration, but this likely reflected low abundance of these clupeid species. The seasonal diversity of prey available in the St. Johns River may contribute to its being one of the most productive Largemouth Bass fisheries in Florida.Received June 23, 2014; accepted October 22, 2014
Genetic Population Structure of Willamette River Steelhead and the Influence of Introduced Stocks
Authors: Van Doornik Donald M. , Hess Maureen A. , Johnson Marc A. , Teel David J. , Friesen Thomas A. , Myers James M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractConservation genetics studies are frequently conducted on Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. to delineate their population structure and to quantify their genetic diversity, especially for populations that have experienced declines in abundance and are subject to anthropogenic activities. One such group of salmonids is steelhead O. mykiss (anadromous Rainbow Trout) from the Willamette River, a tributary of the Columbia River. Within the Willamette River there are multiple steelhead life history and run‐timing types, some of which originated from nonnative populations. Late winter‐run steelhead and Rainbow Trout are native to the Willamette River, whereas early winter‐run and summer‐run steelhead have been introduced into the system via releases from artificial propagation efforts. We conducted genetic analyses of Willamette River steelhead to determine the effect that nonnative steelhead released into the Willamette River basin have had on the genetic population structure of native steelhead. We found genetic differentiation among the samples that separated steelhead into four population groups that corresponded to run type. Possibly due to local adaptation, the native run type has retained its genetic distinctiveness from the introduced types, despite there being opportunities for gene flow among all types. Introduced early winter‐run steelhead appear to be the origin of steelhead inhabiting certain Willamette River tributaries where native steelhead did not historically spawn.Received July 23, 2014; accepted October 23, 2014
The Monuments Men
Authors: Borghi Luca 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAbstract
A 2014 American-German war movie directed by and starring George Clooney (Actor, Screenwriter, Film Director, and Producer; Los Angeles, California and Laglio, Italy) (1961-current) popularized the work of a special United States Army unit devoted to the rescue of art treasures stolen or hidden by the Nazis during World War II. A similar story occurred in Paris to a curious little monument closely linked to the history of Anesthesia. This happened about 70 years ago, in December 1944.
The history of medicine had its Monuments Men. In 1940s occupied Paris, unknown people saved a curious little monument closely linked to the history of Anesthesia.
The influence of purchase-related risk perceptions on relationship commitment
Authors: Munnukka Juha , Järvi Pentti 
Published: January 2015

Purpose
– Perceived risk is an intrinsic element of all organizational decision making and business relationships. It is closely interconnected with relationship commitment and strongly affects the buying decisions. Therefore, the organizations that best understand the risks perceived by their customers and hold the means that allow the customers to accommodate these risks, possess a significant competitive edge. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– This research surveys 165 companies on purchase-related risk perceptions and tests the effects of three risk dimensions on relations commitment, and the effectiveness of procedural control on managing these risks. Moderation effect of buying situation is also tested. Structural equation modelling is used to test the conceptual model on data from Finnish companies.

Findings
– The participants in organizational buying experience three types of risks, product performance, personal psychological, and personal financial risks. Higher product performance and personal financial risks are found to decrease the customer’s commitment to the supplier, whilst higher psychological risks have a positive effect on relationship commitment. Procedural control is confirmed as an effective application in managing risks in organizational buying process. Buying situation significantly affects the model.

Originality/value
– The present study shows that purchase-related risk perception is a multidimensional construct which consist of both organizational and individual-level aspects. The authors also provide new insights into the effectiveness of procedural control on mitigating organizational risk perceptions in different buying situations.
Importance ratings of grocery store attributes
Authors: Nilsson Elin , Gärling Tommy , Marell Agneta , Nordvall Anna-Carin 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to develop a comprehensive set of grocery store attributes that can be standardized and used in empirical research aiming at increasing retailers’ understanding of determinants of grocery store choice, and assessing how the relative importance of the attributes is affected by consumer socio-demographic characteristics and shopping behaviour.Design/methodology/approach– An internet survey of 1,575 Swedish consumers was conducted. A large set of attributes was rated by the participants on seven-point scales with respect to their importance for choice of grocery store. Principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in a reduced set of reliably measured aggregated attributes. This set included the attractiveness attributes price level, supply range, supply quality, service quality, storescape quality, facilities for childcare, and closeness to other stores, and the accessibility attributes easy access by car, easy access by other travel modes, and availability (closeness to store and opening hours).Findings– The results showed that accessibility by car is the most important grocery store attribute, storescape quality and availability the next most important and facilities for childcare the least important. It was also found that socio-demographic factors and shopping behaviour have an impact on the importance of the store attributes.Originality/value– A comprehensive set of attractiveness and accessibility attributes of grocery stores that can be standardized and used in empirical research is established. The results are valid for the Swedish-European conditions that differ from the conditions in North America where most previous research has been conducted. The results reveal the relative importance grocery-shopping consumers place on controllable attractiveness attributes compared to uncontrollable accessibility attributes as well as the relative importance of the attributes within each category.
Skills and knowledge needs assessment of current and future library professionals in the state of Qatar
Authors: Johnston Nicole , Williams Rupert 
Published: January 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate and document the skills and knowledge needs of future library professionals in Qatar and to use the outcomes of this research to help develop or refine focused library and information studies course curricula that meet the needs of the local workforce and also guide or improve national or local professional development programmes.Design/methodology/approach– A skills and knowledge needs assessment survey was sent to library professionals, LIS students and library managers in Qatar. A total of 109 respondents completed the survey, a representation of around 25 per cent of the current LIS workforce in Qatar.Findings– Findings indicated that respondents felt that the most needed future job roles included more client focused positions such as research librarians, information services librarians and subject librarians, as well as technical roles such as Arabic cataloguers, electronic resources librarians and system librarians. The largest amount of needed positions was also felt to be in school libraries. Respondents to the survey also felt that there was a lack of opportunities for professional development in Qatar and that the most needed area of skills training was information literacy, followed by copyright training and technical skills including RDA and Arabic cataloguing. One further finding identified from the survey was the concern felt by respondents about the lack of a professional body in Qatar that represented LIS professionals.Practical implications– This paper provides data on future roles, skills and knowledge needed by library professionals working in international and culturally diverse workforces. It also provides findings that can be used to develop LIS curriculum and professional development programmes in international LIS environments.Originality/value– A detailed needs assessment of this kind has not previously been undertaken in Qatar. The library and information sector in Qatar is an emerging field with a largely international workforce. This situation provides a distinct perspective on the needs of an emerging library sector that is a blend of different cultures, workplace practices and differing expectations and understandings of the role and skills needed to be a LIS professional.
Impact of seagrass loss and subsequent revegetation on carbon sequestration and stocks
Authors: Marbà Núria , Arias‐Ortiz Ariane , Masqué Pere , Kendrick Gary A. , Mazarrasa Inés , Bastyan Geoff R. , Garcia‐Orellana Jordi , Duarte Carlos M. 
Published: January 2015

Summary

Seagrass meadows are sites of high rates of carbon sequestration and they potentially support ‘blue carbon’ strategies to mitigate anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Current uncertainties on the fate of carbon stocks following the loss or revegetation of seagrass meadows prevent the deployment of ‘blue carbon’ strategies.

Here, we reconstruct the trajectories of carbon stocks associated with one of the longest monitored seagrass restoration projects globally. We demonstrate that sediment carbon stocks erode following seagrass loss and that revegetation projects effectively restore seagrass carbon sequestration capacity. We combine carbon chronosequences with 210Pb dating of seagrass sediments in a meadow that experienced losses until the end of 1980s and subsequent serial revegetation efforts.

Inventories of excess 210Pb in seagrass sediments revealed that its accumulation, and thus sediments, coincided with the presence of seagrass vegetation. They also showed that the upper sediments eroded in areas that remained devoid of vegetation after seagrass loss. Seagrass revegetation enhanced autochthonous and allochthonous carbon deposition and burial. Carbon burial rates increased with the age of the restored sites, and 18 years after planting, they were similar to that in continuously vegetated meadows (26.4 ± 0.8 gCorg m−2 year−1).

Synthesis. The results presented here demonstrate that loss of seagrass triggers the erosion of historic carbon deposits and that revegetation effectively restores seagrass carbon sequestration capacity. Thus, conservation and restoration of seagrass meadows are effective strategies for climate change mitigation.
Cameron's Conservatism: Why God, Why Now?
Authors: McANULLA STUART 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn recent months David Cameron has emphasised both his personal religious faith and the ongoing importance of Christianity and religion in Britain. This article seeks to explain why Cameron has made increasing reference to religious themes, and examines the extent to which they have been reflected in the approach of the current Coalition government. It is argued that Cameron's references to religion have been indicative of still tentative attempts to reaffirm, and in respects redefine, the role of Christianity and faith in British public life in response to the pressures of greater secularisation, religious pluralism and vocal challenges to religious privilege.
The politics of healthcare informatics: knowledge management using an electronic medical record system
Authors: Bar‐Lev Shirly 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe design and implementation of an electronic medical record system pose significant epistemological and practical complexities. Despite optimistic assessments of their potential contribution to the quality of care, their implementation has been problematic, and their actual employment in various clinical settings remains controversial. Little is known about how their use actually mediates knowing. Employing a variety of qualitative research methods, this article attempts an answer by illustrating how omitting, editing and excessive reporting were employed as part of nurses' and physicians' political efforts to shape knowledge production and knowledge sharing in a technologically mediated healthcare setting.
A rapid enzymatic assay for high‐throughput screening of adenosine‐producing strains
Authors: Dong Huina , Zu Xin , Zheng Ping , Zhang Dawei 
Published: January 2015

SummaryAdenosine is a major local regulator of tissue function and industrially useful as precursor for the production of medicinal nucleoside substances. High‐throughput screening of adenosine overproducers is important for industrial microorganism breeding. An enzymatic assay of adenosine was developed by combined adenosine deaminase (ADA) with indophenol method. The ADA catalyzes the cleavage of adenosine to inosine and NH3, the latter can be accurately determined by indophenol method. The assay system was optimized to deliver a good performance and could tolerate the addition of inorganic salts and many nutrition components to the assay mixtures. Adenosine could be accurately determined by this assay using 96‐well microplates. Spike and recovery tests showed that this assay can accurately and reproducibly determine increases in adenosine in fermentation broth without any pretreatment to remove proteins and potentially interfering low‐molecular‐weight molecules. This assay was also applied to high‐throughput screening for high adenosine‐producing strains. The high selectivity and accuracy of the ADA assay provides rapid and high‐throughput analysis of adenosine in large numbers of samples.
Structural conservation of chemotaxis machinery across Archaea and Bacteria
Authors: Briegel Ariane , Ortega Davi R. , Huang Audrey N. , Oikonomou Catherine M. , Gunsalus Robert P. , Jensen Grant J. 
Published: January 2015

SummaryChemotaxis allows cells to sense and respond to their environment. In Bacteria, stimuli are detected by arrays of chemoreceptors that relay the signal to a two‐component regulatory system. These arrays take the form of highly stereotyped super‐lattices comprising hexagonally packed trimers‐of‐receptor‐dimers networked by rings of histidine kinase and coupling proteins. This structure is conserved across chemotactic Bacteria, and between membrane‐bound and cytoplasmic arrays, and gives rise to the highly cooperative, dynamic nature of the signalling system. The chemotaxis system, absent in eukaryotes, is also found in Archaea, where its structural details remain uncharacterized. Here we provide evidence that the chemotaxis machinery was not present in the last archaeal common ancestor, but rather was introduced in one of the waves of lateral gene transfer that occurred after the branching of Eukaryota but before the diversification of Euryarchaeota. Unlike in Bacteria, the chemotaxis system then evolved largely vertically in Archaea, with very few subsequent successful lateral gene transfer events. By electron cryotomography, we find that the structure of both membrane‐bound and cytoplasmic chemoreceptor arrays is conserved between Bacteria and Archaea, suggesting the fundamental importance of this signalling architecture across diverse prokaryotic lifestyles.
Concentrated Trading and Order Execution Costs
Authors: Garvey Ryan , Huang Tao , Wu Fei 
Published: January 2015

AbstractPrior studies indicate that investors who hold more concentrated investment portfolios perform better. In our paper, we examine whether concentration benefits occur in trading settings. We find that US traders who focus on fewer stocks pay lower order execution costs. Concentrated trading behavior is correlated across different dimensions. Traders who concentrate on a smaller number of stocks also concentrate in fewer market centers, at particular times of the day, and on certain order types. Our results suggest that trading costs vary across market participants, and that by focusing on a smaller subset of securities, traders gain advantages for order execution.
Integrative population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic dose finding approach of the new camptothecin compound namitecan (ST1968)
Authors: Joerger M. , Hess D. , Delmonte A. , Gallerani E. , Fasolo A. , Gianni L. , Cresta S. , Barbieri P. , Pace S. , Sessa C. 
Published: January 2015

AimsNamitecan is a new camptothecan compound undergoing early clinical development. This study was initiated to build an integrated pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) population model of namitecan to guide future clinical development.MethodsPlasma concentration–time data, neutrophils and thrombocytes were pooled from two phase 1 studies in 90 patients with advanced solid tumours, receiving namitecan as a 2 h infusion on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks (D1,8) (n = 34), once every 3 weeks (D1) (n = 29) and on 3 consecutive days (D1–3) (n = 27). A linear three compartment PK model was coupled to a semiphysiological PD‐model for neutrophils and thrombocytes. Data simulations were used to interrogate various dosing regimens and give dosing recommendations.ResultsClearance was estimated to be 0.15 l h–1, with a long terminal half‐life of 48 h. Body surface area was not associated with clearance, supporting flat‐dosing of namitecan. A significant and clinically relevant association was found between namitecan area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) and the percentage drop of neutrophils (r2 = 0.51, P < 10−4) or thrombocytes (r2 = 0.49, P < 10−4). With a target for haematological dose‐limiting toxicity of <20%, the recommended dose was defined as 12.5 mg for the D1,8 regimen, 23 mg for the once every 3 week regimen and 7 mg for the D1–3 regimen.ConclusionThis is the first integrated population PK–PD analysis of the new hydrophilic topoisomerase I inhibitor namitecan, that is currently undergoing early clinical development. A distinct relationship was found between drug exposure and haematological toxicity, supporting flat‐dosing once every 3 weeks as the most adequate dosing regimen.
Reading Level and Length of Written Research Consent Forms
Authors: Larson Elaine , Foe Gabriella , Lally Rachel 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn 100 Institutional Review Board approved consent forms (CFs), we assessed pages, reading levels, and whether they included essential elements. CF page numbers ranged from 3 to 28 (mean, 10.3) and readability ranged from grades 5.6 to 28.9 (mean, 11.6). The CF mean score for including essential elements was 90.8% (range: 63.5–100%). There were no significant differences by specialty in number of pages (p = 0.053), but surgical specialties had the highest readability (mean, 13.1), and pediatrics the lowest (10.5), p = 0.008. While approved CFs generally included the Office for Human Research Protections recommended essential elements, they were very long, and even pediatric forms, which had the lowest reading levels, were written on average at a tenth grade level. Researchers need guidance to resolve pressure between regulatory mandates and guidelines and “keeping it simple and clear.”
Endogenous elevation of plasma cholecystokinin does not prevent gallstones
Authors: Shahid Rafiq A. , Wang David Q.‐H. , Fee Brian E. , McCall Shannon J. , Romac Joelle M.‐J. , Vigna Steven R. , Liddle Rodger A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundRegular gall bladder contraction reduces bile stasis and prevents gallstone formation. Intraduodenal administration of exogenous pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor‐I (PSTI‐I, also known as monitor peptide) causes cholecystokinin (CCK) secretion.DesignWe proposed that stimulation of CCK release by PSTI would produce gall bladder contraction and prevent gallstones in mice fed a lithogenic diet. Therefore, we tested the effect of overexpression of rat PSTI‐I in pancreatic acinar cells on plasma CCK levels and gall bladder function in a transgenic mouse line (TgN[Psti1]; known hereafter as PSTI‐I tg).ResultsImportantly, PSTI tg mice had elevated fasting and fed plasma CCK levels compared to wild‐type (WT) mice. Only mice fed the lithogenic diet developed gallstones. Both fasting and stimulated plasma CCK levels were substantially reduced in both WT and PSTI‐I tg mice on the lithogenic diet. Moreover, despite higher CCK levels PSTI‐I tg animals developed more gallstones than WT animals.ConclusionsTogether with the previously observed decrease in CCK‐stimulated gall bladder emptying in mice fed a lithogenic diet, our findings suggest that a lithogenic diet causes gallstone formation by impaired CCK secretion in addition to reduced gall bladder sensitivity to CCK.
Crop yield response to climate change varies with cropping intensity
Authors: Challinor Andrew J. , Parkes Ben , Ramirez‐Villegas Julian 
Published: January 2015

AbstractProjections of the response of crop yield to climate change at different spatial scales are known to vary. However, understanding of the causes of systematic differences across scale is limited. Here, we hypothesize that heterogeneous cropping intensity is one source of scale dependency. Analysis of observed global data and regional crop modelling demonstrate that areas of high vs. low cropping intensity can have systematically different yields, in both observations and simulations. Analysis of global crop data suggests that heterogeneity in cropping intensity is a likely source of scale dependency for a number of crops across the globe. Further crop modelling and a meta‐analysis of projected tropical maize yields are used to assess the implications for climate change assessments. The results show that scale dependency is a potential source of systematic bias. We conclude that spatially comprehensive assessments of climate impacts based on yield alone, without accounting for cropping intensity, are prone to systematic overestimation of climate impacts. The findings therefore suggest a need for greater attention to crop suitability and land use change when assessing the impacts of climate change.