bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sci-tech analysis and related research on three glass beads unearthed from M686 in the Qin Cemetery of Warring States Period in Hejia, Zhouling
Authors: HA Wenhui , Sun Feng , Zhai Congwen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This paper analyzed three glass beads unearthed from M686 in the Qin Cemetery of Warring States Period (475 BC-207 BC) in Hejia,Zhouling by using ultra depth of field 3D video microscopy (OM), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and microscopic laser Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the three glass beads belong to the unique lead-barium silicate glass system in ancient China. The main chromic element of glass is Cu(Ⅱ), and the weathering products are PbCO3 and BaSO4. And taking the cross section of sample 2 as the main research object, the weathering mechanism of lead-barium glass was studied by means of scanning electron microscope energy spectrum scanning (SEM-EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The weathering of lead-barium glass was caused by the continuous loss of Pb, Ba and S elements in the substrate, and the interaction with the materials in the buried environment to produce the weathering products of PbCO3 and BaSO4. Based on the analysis of soil elements in the buried environment, the water solubility of Ba ion is greater than that of Pb ion. The weathering process of glass is accompanied by the transformation of Cu(Ⅱ) to Cu(Ⅰ), which explains the essence of weathering discoloration of glass. This study has reference significance for the research of production process, weathering mechanism and protection of lead-barium silicate system.
Evaluating the Challenges and Strategies for SDG.15.3: A Case Study of Goa State
Authors: Dubey Harshit , Bhatt Naimish , Chaturvedi Shobhit , Kant Ravi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

With increased anthropogenic activity and commitments toward various international organisations and countries to mitigate its ill effects, finding a sustainable way out is very important. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) thus become an important part of our collective efforts. The present study aims at assessing SDG 15: Life on land (SDG 15.3.1) for India’s state of Goa following the good practices guidelines of the United Nations to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) by employing the “Trends. Earth” plug-in in QGIS software. The assessment of the indicator is based on three sub-indicators: soil carbon, productivity, and land cover. The study yields a total land area improvement of 81.16% to the overall area of the state. The individual sub-indicator of productivity depicted an improvement of 85.14%, whereas 8.70% area was with stable productivity. Other sub-indicators of land cover showed a larger portion of land as stable, with 90.26% and a minor improvement of 5.20%. The soil organic carbon depicted an improvement of 0.54% with a maximum stable soil organic carbon of 94.91%. Several factors, such as better resource utilisation, improved governance practices, and a more sustainable approach to development, have affected the overall improvement of the indicators. Over the years, these improvements have allowed the state to grow as a sustainable tourist attraction for Indian nationals and foreign visitors.
Analysis of clinical characteristics of febrile seizures in children with COVID-19: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhu Nanxi , Ye Ruming , Liu Fangyi , Li Dan , Lin Ying , Li Wanting , Wu Guanhong , Zhuang Deyi , Huang Xianghui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Transmission of COVID-19 is now normalized. COVID-19 can invade the central nervous system, cause abnormalities in the nervous system, and is associated with an increased incidence of febrile seizures in children. This study is to compare the differences in clinical features, hematological features, and cerebrospinal fluid characteristics between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 children with febrile seizures and to explore the clinical characteristics of febrile seizures caused by COVID-19.
Methods
This was a retrospective case-control study. The cases included children with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 febrile seizures admitted to Xiamen Children's Hospital from December 2022 to December 2023. The age, gender, length of hospital stay, peak body temperature, presence or absence of other viral infections, hematological characteristics, and cerebrospinal fluid characteristics were compared between children with COVID-19 febrile seizures and non-COVID-19 febrile seizures.
Results
A total of 50 COVID-19 children with febrile seizures and 192 non-COVID-19 children with febrile seizures were enrolled in this study. Multivariate analysis showed that age (OR=0.715, P=0.031), blood urea nitrogen (OR=0.454, P=0.029), platelet count (OR=0.987, P=0.009), and magnesium ion concentration (OR=0.109, P<0.001) were independent protective factors for COVID-19 febrile seizures. Albumin (OR=1.840, P<0.001) was an independent risk factor. The concentration of potassium ions in cerebrospinal fluid(OR=4.383, P=0.022)was an independent protective factor, while the concentration of sodium ions (OR=4.383, P=0.022) was an independent risk factor.
Conclusion
There were differences in age, blood urea nitrogen, platelet count, magnesium ion concentration, albumin, potassium ion concentration in cerebrospinal fluid, and sodium ion concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid between children with COVID-19 febrile seizures and non-COVID-19 febrile seizures. This study may provide valuable insights into the potential mechanisms of COVID-19 damage to the nervous system in children, and the long-term neurological prognosis of these children requires long-term follow-up.
Prevention of Argentinian Flag Sign in Intumescent Cataracts Using Anterior Chamber Air Bubble and Cortical Fluid Release Techniques
Authors: Wang Suchang , Zhang Ming , Hou Wenwen , Wang Yan , Cai Liming , Zhang Guimin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective: To effectively avoide the occurrence of the Argentinian flag sign during the process of continuous, circular, and centered anterior capsulotomy (CCC) on the anterior capsule in cortically liquefied intumescent cataracts
Methods: Preoperative examinations including slit-lamp examination, ocular A-scan ultrasonography, and UBM were conducted on 61 patients with intumescent cataracts. Cases with cortically liquefied intumescent cataracts were selected and after staining with indocyanine green, the anterior chamber air bubble technique was used to compress the anterior capsule, and liquefied cortex was aspirated using a puncture needle. CDVA and intraocular pressure were recorded on postoperative days 1, 1 week, 1 month, and 6 month. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were documented and analyzed.
Results: Fifty eyes were identified as having cortically liquefied intumescent cataracts. No cases of the Argentinian flag sign occurred, and standard capsulorrhexis was achieved, facilitating smooth phacoemulsification. All patients achieved satisfactory outcomes at follow-ups of 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 6 month postoperatively. Mild corneal edema was observed in three cases on the first postoperative day, with no other complications noted.
Conclusion: The anterior chamber air bubble technique combined with cortical fluid release technique can prevent the occurrence of the Argentinian flag sign in cortically liquefied intumescent cataracts, this method is simple, convenient and economic for the clinical promotion.
Potential Immunological Biomarkers in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Patients Receiving Omalizumab Treatment
Authors: Kara Rabia Oztas , Hamarat Kaan Furkan , Eskiler Gamze Guney , Dikicier Bahar Sevimli , Ozkan Asuman Deveci , Yanar Sevinç , Kara Ahmet , Yaldiz Mahizer 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: We aimed to investigate the therapeutic role of different cytokines as potential biomarkers to diagnose and follow up chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) patients in response to omalizumab.
Methods: The study was planned in two stages. At first, we measured the serum levels of 48 different cytokines to assess the potential role of cytokines in response to omalizumab. In the second stage, we statistically validated the differences in serum levels of higher cytokines by ELISA analysis in CSU patients compared with the control. The patient group was divided into two groups, under and over 45 years of age, and the data were compared between age groups. The association was analyzed for C-reactive protein, anti-thyroid peroxidase, D-dimer, antinuclear antibody, and total immunoglobulin E levels at the beginning of the treatment and after treatment in the first month and third month.
Results: The human cytokine antibody array showed that Interleukin-8 (IL-8), GROα, and ENA-78 protein levels significantly changed compared to the beginning of treatment. In the group over 45 years of age, IL-8, GROα, and ENA-78 levels statistically decreased in the third month of treatment. However, the level of them increased following treatment in the first month among CSU patients under 45 years of age.
Conclusion: Our results indicated that IL-8, GROα, and ENA-78 levels decreased with recovery in patients over 45. However, further investigations should be required to verify the results in larger groups consisting of CSU patients of different ages to identify the role of cytokines in response to omalizumab.
Examining patch and landscape-level white-tailed deer connectivity using a novel, buffer and resistance-based metric
Authors: O’Connor Collin , Aldstadt Jared , Wilson Adam 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Context: Landscape connectivity drives many ecological processes and can be quantified using numerous metrics. Few metrics can be interpreted at both patch and landscape-levels, incorporate structural and functional connectivity, and are computationally efficient.
Objectives: We sought a generalizable connectivity metric for individual patches and landscapes. An ideal metric could accurately estimate the functional connectivity of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus).
Methods: The Sinuous Connection Reduction (SCR) index is a functional connectivity metric modified from the Probability of Connectivity (PC) index and Equivalent Connected Area (ECA). SCR is calculated by adding patch area between adjacent patches, where the area added is reduced by a factor of the inverse of least-cost-path sinuosity between the patches. A case-study calculates SCR, PC, and ECA for white-tailed deer in NYS, and metrics are compared to historical counts of deer take.
Results: SCR can be calculated for individual patches and landscapes, providing a hierarchical understanding of connectivity. Spatial panel regression models indicate ECA is the best fitting metric for white-tailed deer connectivity, followed by SCR and PC. Both PC and ECA are susceptible to boundary effects, and ECA values are partially attributed to landscape size. Geographically weighted regression models indicate opposing relationships between metrics and deer take in different regions of NYS, indicating deer populations are modulated by other locationally-specific factors apart from connectivity.
Conclusions: SCR can be considered useful over PC when home-ranges apply, though it requires data-intensive least-cost path modeling. SCR is computationally efficient when modeling landscapes with many disjointed patches and incorporates both functional and structural connectivity.
Structural plasticity of pyramidal cell neurons measured after FLASH and conventional dose-rate irradiation
Authors: Dickstein Dara L. , Zhang Richard , Ru Ning , Vozenin Marie-Catherine , Perry Bayley C. , Wang Juan , baulch janet , Acharya Munjal M. , Limoli Charles L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Evidence shows that ultra-high dose-rate FLASH-radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) protects against normal tissue complications and functional decrements in the irradiated brain. Past work has shown that radiation-induced cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation and reduced structural complexity of granule cell neurons were not observed to the same extent after FLASH-RT (> MGy/s) compared to conventional dose-rate (CONV, 0.1 Gy/s) delivery. To explore the sensitivity of different neuronal populations to cranial irradiation and dose-rate modulation, hippocampal CA1 and medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) pyramidal neurons were analyzed by electron and confocal microscopy. Neuron ultrastructural analyses by electron microscopy after 10 Gy FLASH- or CONV-RT exposures indicated that irradiation had little impact on dendritic complexity and synapse density in the CA1, but did increase length and head diameter of smaller non-perforated synapses. Similarly, irradiation caused no change in PFC prelimbic/infralimbic axospinous synapse density, but reductions in non-perforated synapse diameters. While irradiation resulted in thinner myelin sheaths compared to controls, none of these metrics were dose-rate sensitive. Analysis of fluorescently labeled CA1 neurons revealed no radiation-induced or dose-rate-dependent changes in overall dendritic complexity or spine density, in contrast to our past analysis of granule cell neurons. Super-resolution confocal microscopy following a clinical dosing paradigm (3×10Gy) showed significant reductions in excitatory vesicular glutamate transporter 1 and inhibitory vesicular GABA transporter puncta density within the CA1 that were largely dose-rate independent. Collectively, these data reveal that, compared to granule cell neurons, CA1 and mPFC neurons are more radioresistant irrespective of radiation dose-rate.
Study the effect of a new design of a twisted impeller blade on the vortexes formation and power consumption using a centric and eccentric stirred tank experimentally and numerically
Authors: Salho Ameer K. , Hamzah Dhafer A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Vortex formation in stirred tanks is one of the problems facing many stirred tank designers. The current study depicts experimentally and numerically the effect of changing the impeller structure and its location in a twisted shape on the shape of the vortex, energy consumption, flow patterns, and turbulent kinetic energy. Numerically, the finite volume method was used, the mathematical model used the Volume of Fluid to simulate the free surface between air and water, and the mathematical model (k- ε ) was used to simulate turbulent flow. Rotational speeds of the impeller of different values ​​between (150-450 RPM) were applied, noting the effect of changing the location of the impeller experimentally and numerically on the flow parameters and other parameters. The current study showed that the rate of deviation in the values ​​of torque and energy consumption between the numerical and practical studies is relatively acceptable in addition to the convergence in the shape of the vortex. The results obtained showed that the shape and location of the impeller affect the shape of the vortex, and changing the rotation speed affects the growth and depth of the vortex. The study also showed that the amount of torque for the un-baffled stirred tank is less than that for the eccentric stirred tank, depending on the rotation speed. For example, at the rotation speed (350RPM) it was (0.034 N.m) and at the same speed, it was (0.093 N.m) for the eccentric location. The study also showed a comparison of flow patterns between the central and eccentric locations of the impeller.
A Named Entity Recognition and Topic Modeling-based Solution for Locating and Better Assessment of Natural Disasters in Social Media
Authors: Mehmood Ayaz , Ayub Muhammad Asif , Zamir Muhammad Tayyab , Ahmad Nasir , Ahmad Kashif 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Over the last decade, similar to other application domains, social media content has been widely explored for disaster informatics. However, due to the unstructured nature of the data, several challenges are associated with disaster analysis in social media content. For example, social media content is generally very noisy containing disaster-related words (e.g., floods, wildfires) used in a different context. Similarly, most of social media posts either do not contain geo-location information or do not represent the actual disaster location. To fully explore the potential of social media content in disaster informatics, access to relevant content and the correct geo-location information is very critical. In this paper, we propose a three-step solution to tackling these challenges. Firstly, the proposed solution aims at the classification of social media posts into relevant and irrelevant posts followed by the automatic extraction of location information from the posts' text itself through Named Entity Recognition (NER) analysis. Finally, to quickly analyze the topics covered in large volumes of social media posts, we perform topic modeling resulting in a list of top keywords, that highlight the issues discussed in the tweet. For the classification of the tweets, we proposed a merit-based fusion framework combining the capabilities of multiple Large Language Models (LLMs), obtaining the highest F1-score of 0.933 on a benchmark dataset. For the Location Extraction from Twitter Text (LETT), we evaluated four LLMs obtaining the highest F1-score of 0.960. For topic modeling, we used the BERTopic library to discover the hidden topic patterns in the relevant tweets. The experimental results of all the components of the proposed end-to-end solution are encouraging and hint at the effectiveness of social media content and NLP in disaster management.
Wastewater and clinical based epidemiology for viral surveillance in urban sewage and clinical samples from Egypt
Authors: Shaheen Mohamed N. F. , Ahmed Nehal Ibrahim , Elmahdy Elmahdy M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The release of inadequately treated wastewater, containing human viruses, into the water environment or agricultural use represent a major problem in public health. In this study we evaluated the presence of polyomavirus (HPyV), papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in urban sewage and among children with acute gastroenteritis by real time PCR. The seasonal distribution in wastewater and viral removal by wastewater treatment process were also evaluated. HPyV, HPV, HAV, and HEV, were detected in 68%, 39.6% 42.4%, and 33.3% of the raw sewage and in 21%, 9.4%, 18.7%, and 0% of the treated sewage samples. Among the 200 children with acute gastroenteritis, HPyV, HPV, HAV, and HEV were detected in 72.5%, 50%, 13%, and 5% of stool samples tested, respectively. HPyV was more prevalent in both environmental and clinical samples. The concentration of these viruses (HPyV, HPV, HAV, HEV) in raw sewage, treated sewage, and stool samples ranged from 1.30×101 GC/ml to 9.86×107 GC/ml with a mean concentration of 3.62 ×106, from 0 GC/ml and 2.15×105 GC/ml with a mean concentration of 4.03×103, and from 1.40×101 to 9.85×107 GC/g with a mean concentration of 4.05×106 GC/g, respectively. Examination of wastewater treatment process efficiency based on mean concentration values at entry and exit observed an overall reduction of 49.5%, 47.9%, 41.2%, 100%, for HPyV, HPV, HAV, and HEV respectively. This study showed the benefit of environmental monitoring as an additional tool to investigate the epidemiology of these viruses circulating in a given community.
Core Analysis and Hydrocarbon Productivity Evaluation of Agbada Formation in X-021 Well, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: EFEMENA Onome Oluwakemi , MAJU-OYOVWIKOWHE Efetobore Gladys 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive sedimentological and lithological analysis of the X-021 Well in the Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria. The aim was to determine the sedimentological characteristics and hydrocarbon productivity potential of the Agbada Formation. Core samples were obtained from 9710 ft to 9866 ft and analyzed using standard sedimentological procedures. This study identified eighteen lithofacies zones, fourteen associated mineral units, seven heterogenetic zones, and seven homogenetic zones. Four potential reservoir units (PR1, PR2, PR3, and PR4) were delineated, with PR4 exhibiting the highest hydrocarbon occurrence and accumulation. Gamma ray logs were used to interpret sedimentary facies, while porosity log data aided in reservoir evaluation. The study confirmed the presence of effective source rocks, reservoirs, and seals, indicating a robust petroleum system. These findings provide valuable insights for future hydrocarbon exploration and production in the Niger Delta Basin.
The Driving Forces of Road Safety Volunteers: Resilience, Coping Mechanisms, Well-being and Education
Authors: Shamoa-Nir Lipaz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Road safety is a critical concern worldwide, impacting individuals, communities, and societies. As mobility rises, so does the risk of accidents and injuries on roads, emphasizing the need for preventive measures. Road safety volunteers are crucial in promoting and upholding road safety, making it vital to understand their motivations and Resilience Sources. This study aims to uncover what drives their commitment and the factors influencing their experiences as volunteers, informing strategies to support and enhance their efforts. Through analysis of 28 interviews with road safety volunteers, several prominent themes emerged. These include diverse motivations, a strong sense of purpose, active community engagement, and a sense of empowerment among volunteers. Additionally, the challenges they face in their roles highlight the considerable resilience these volunteers demonstrate. The importance of support systems—whether individual or peer-based, —in strengthening this resilience was prominently underscored. These findings contribute to the understanding of the importance of promoting education on safe driving practices and fostering active citizen involvement in preventing traffic violations and road accidents.
Mid-crustal melting in Western Yunnan and its influence on extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhu Renzhi , Fowler Mike , Harris Nigel , Lai Shaocong , King Jess , Qin Jiangfeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The Himalayan-Tibetan system is growing upward and outward, influenced by mid-lower crustal melting and flow. This study offers a missing geochemical perspective on current geophysics, linking mid-crustal melting beneath SE Tibet to the initiation of transcurrent tectonics that have facilitated the ongoing southeastward extrusion of the Tibetan plateau. New zircon U-Pb data reveal a pulse of Miocene felsic magmatism southeast of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis. These have high SiO2, variable but low ɛHf(t) and high δ18O which strongly suggest metasedimentary anatexis. Moderate La/Yb and Sr/Y, with high 87Sr/86Sr(i) and low ɛNd(t) are comparable with mid-lower crust biotite-bearing granitic gneisses. Together with biotite and zircon thermobarometry, these characteristics suggest biotite-dehydration anatexis in the middle crust. Experimental and rheological data suggest melt fractions (> 10%) sufficient to reduce crustal viscosity and allow rheological accommodation for Miocene extrusion of the plateau, and the continued presence of mid-crustal melt is supported by current geophysical data.