bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Household Task Participation of Children With and Without Physical Disability
Authors: Dunn Louise , Gardner James 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe examined household task participation patterns of 46 children and youth with and without physical disability (PD) and explored the effects of age on roles of and expectations for these children in household task participation. Children with PD did not differ significantly from those without PD in the number of household tasks they performed; however, they did require more assistance than those without PD. In both groups, younger children performed significantly fewer household tasks and required significantly more help than older children. These findings further support the discriminant validity of the Children Helping Out: Responsibilities, Expectations, and Supports (Dunn, 2004) measure of household task participation and its use with adolescents. Assessing such participation would help caregivers and practitioners more successfully prepare children and youths with PD for independent living. Considering the roles and opportunities for social participation inherent in many household tasks will contribute to the usefulness of examining such participation.
Effectiveness of a 10-Week Tier-1 Response to Intervention Program in Improving Fine Motor and Visual–Motor Skills in General Education Kindergarten Students
Authors: Ohl Alisha M. , Graze Hollie , Weber Karen , Kenny Sabrina , Salvatore Christie , Wagreich Sarah 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. This study examined the efficacy of a 10-wk Tier 1 Response to Intervention (RtI) program developed in collaboration with classroom teachers to improve the fine motor and visual–motor skills of general education kindergarten students.
METHOD. We recruited 113 students in six elementary schools. Two general education kindergarten classrooms at each school participated in the study. Classrooms were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. Fine motor skills, pencil grip, and visual–motor integration were measured at the beginning of the school year and after the 10-wk intervention.
RESULTS. The intervention group demonstrated a statistically significant increase in fine motor and visual–motor skills, whereas the control group demonstrated a slight decline in both areas. Neither group demonstrated a change in pencil grip.
CONCLUSION. This study provides preliminary evidence that a Tier 1 RtI program can improve fine motor and visual–motor skills in kindergarten students.
Predicting Older Driver On-Road Performance by Means of the Useful Field of View and Trail Making Test Part B
Authors: Classen Sherrilene , Wang Yanning , Crizzle Alexander M. , Winter Sandra M. , Lanford Desiree N. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The Useful Field of View® (UFOV) and Trail Making Test Part B (Trails B) are measures of divided attention. We determined which measure was more accurate in predicting on-road outcomes among drivers (N = 198, mean age = 73.86, standard deviation = 6.05). Receiver operating characteristic curves for the UFOV (Risk Index [RI] and Subtests 1–3) and Trails B significantly predicted on-road outcomes. Contrasting Trails B with the UFOV RI and subtests, the only difference was found between the UFOV RI and Trails B, indicating the UFOV RI was the best predictor of on-road outcomes. Misclassifications of drivers totaled 28 for the UFOV RI, 62 for Trails B, and 58 for UFOV Subtest 2. The UFOV RI is a superior test in predicting on-road outcomes, but the Trails B has acceptable accuracy and is comparable to the other UFOV subtests.
Five Years Later: Achieving Professional Effectiveness to Move Neurorehabilitation Forward
Authors: Doucet Barbara M. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The AOTA Centennial Vision outlined in 2007 challenged the occupational therapy profession to become a “powerful, widely recognized, science-driven, and evidence-based” profession that could adapt to changing societal and cultural needs and flourish well into the future. That challenge can be met by simply being effective at what we do; this will increase our value and validate our worth. Neurorehabilitation in occupational therapy can also thrive if we verify that the interventions we use and the strategies we implement are grounded in evidence. Professional effectiveness will emerge by (1) increasing the dissemination of research that supports the methods we use and informs others of the successful patient outcomes we achieve and (2) expanding development and validation of instruments that quantitatively and qualitatively measure functional outcomes. Occupational therapists can individually develop professional effectiveness by fostering greater academic–clinical alliances, objectifying evaluation and intervention methods, and preparing future practitioners appropriately for evidence-driven practice.
Population-Centered Life Skills Groups: Perceptions of Satisfaction and Engagement
Authors: Peloquin Suzanne M. , Ciro Carrie A. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
PURPOSE. We examined the satisfaction with and engagement in population-centered life skills groups of women in a residential facility for substance dependence.
METHOD. This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of 561 surveys designed to elicit Likert scale client ratings. Descriptive statistics were used to examine client satisfaction. Differences in client engagement by content focus and activity process were also examined by analyzing the median scores of eight life skills development questions using the Kruskal–Wallis test of medians.
RESULTS. Collectively, 96.8% of those who completed the surveys were satisfied with the living skills groups; 73.3% strongly agreed, and 23.4% agreed. No significant differences (p &gt; .05) were found in the median scores of the engagement responses by either content focus or activity process.
CONCLUSION. Population-centered life skills groups conceptualized within a holistic Person–Environment–Occupation model appear to be satisfactory and engaging interventions for women in recovery.
Performance-Based Measure of Executive Function: Comparison of Community and At-Risk Youth
Authors: Toglia Joan , Berg Christine 
Published: August 2013

AbstractOBJECTIVE. We compared abilities and strategy use of at-risk youth aged 16–21 yr with those of a community sample of high school students using a performance measure of executive function, the Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA).METHOD. We recruited students from an alternative school for at-risk youth (n = 113) and from community high schools in the same region (n = 49). We collected demographic information from and administered the WCPA to both groups.RESULTS. The at-risk group made more errors, used fewer strategies, and broke more rules than the community group; however, the groups were similar in average time for planning and task completion. Moderate relationships were found between WCPA and academic performance in the at-risk group.CONCLUSION. Comparison of at-risk and community youth provides support for discriminant validity of the WCPA and indicates that the WCPA is useful in identifying adolescents who are at risk for occupational performance deficits.
Larry David's “Dark Talmud”; or Kafka in Prime Time
Authors: Rosenberg Roberta 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
Larry David's work in both Seinfeld and Curb Your Enthusiasm is a continuation of a comic tradition that views humor as redemptive, a tradition that mocks persecutors and illogical paradigms. Larry David's “dark Talmud” examines systems of thought and belief, searching for the inconsistencies and absurdities and, therefore, the humor. Although Larry David's texts in Seinfeld are often characterized as “being about nothing,” this article contends that they reveal a postmodern system of ethics that, at its core, is both Jewish and funny.
Mode de donation de l’espace « guidé » dans le discours des guides touristiques
Authors: Seoane Annabelle 
Published: August 2013

Dans une démarche d’analyse du discours, nous analyserons l’institution d’un savoir partagé à travers la thématique de la spatialité dans deux guides touristiques, le Guide Gallimard et le Guide du Routard. Nous tâcherons d’établir que le locuteur s’adresse à un lecteur « ambulant » et à un lecteur « sédentaire », statique, et qu’il construit discursivement un espace « guidé » selon la visée didactique mais surtout pragmatique qui est la sienne. Cet angle prolongera la réflexion sur les liens entre l’objet extra-discursif et la représentation que s’en fait le lecteur. L’étude de quelques textes choisis révèlera que la notion d’espace s’élabore dans le discours par la mobilisation de représentations socioculturelles et que cet espace est également le lieu de la construction d’un positionnement spécifique du locuteur.
Entre la protection des salariés et la performance de l’entreprise : la gestation d’un droit français du télétravail
Authors: Desbarats Isabelle 
Published: August 2013

La France est en retard : le taux de télétravailleurs y est bien inférieur à celui qui est en vigueur chez ses voisins européens. Et pourtant, l’utilisation accrue des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) ainsi que la nécessité d’améliorer la flexibilité et la performance des entreprises sont autant de facteurs qui devraient favoriser l’essor de nouvelles formes de travail, dont le télétravail. En France, celui-ci est désormais au coeur de l’actualité, en raison de sa reconnaissance par la loi du 22 mars 2012. Quels sont, en droit français, la définition du télétravail et le statut du télétravailleur ? De quelle façon celui-ci a-t-il été amélioré pour accroître son attractivité, mais quels sont encore les obstacles à lever pour favoriser l’essor de cette organisation innovante du travail ? Quel est l’impact de cette forme de travail, notamment sur la santé du télétravailleur et le droit au respect de sa vie privée, à l’heure où se développent de nouveaux modes de contrôle par l’employeur ? Tels sont, en France, quelques-uns des enjeux juridiques du télétravail, dont l’essor dépend, entre autres, d’un réel équilibre entre l’intérêt de l’entreprise et la protection des droits des télétravailleurs.
Frequency of Serious Outcomes in Patients With Hypertension as a Chief Complaint in the Emergency Department
Authors: Frei Steven P. , Burmeister David B. , Coil Jesse F. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Context: Hypertension is a common incidental finding in the emergency department (ED). However, the authors noticed a segment of patients who present to the ED specifically because their blood pressure is found to be elevated outside of the hospital. Emergency medicine physicians are often unsure of the level of intervention that is required for these patients.

Objective: To determine if these patients have serious outcomes (ie, final diagnosis of myocardial infarction, angina, coronary syndrome, congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, hypertensive encephalopathy, malignant hypertension, stroke, transient ischemic attack, subarachnoid hemorrhage, loss of vision, kidney failure, or aortic dissection) within 7 days of the initial ED visit.

Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed ED medical records from 2008 with a chief complaint of high blood pressure or hypertension in the physician or nursing notes. Age, sex, blood pressure, history of hypertension, associated symptoms, tests, medications, admission or discharge information, final diagnoses, and return visits within 7 days were recorded.

Results: Of the 316 medical records that were reviewed, 149 met the study criteria and were included in analysis. Patient age range was 19 to 94 years (mean, 59.8 years; median, 61 years). Sixty patients (40%) were men and 89 (60%) were women. Of the 149 patients, 121 (81%) had a previous diagnosis of hypertension and 28 (19%) did not. Five patients (3%) had a normal initial blood pressure in the ED. Sixteen patients (11%) did not undergo diagnostic tests, and 77 patients (52%) received medication in the ED. Twenty-six patients (17%) were admitted to the hospital, and 123 (83%) were discharged or eloped. Four patients (2.7%; 95% confidence interval, 0.7-6.7) had a serious outcome noted within 7 days of initial presentation to the ED.

Conclusion: Among patients presenting to the ED with a chief complaint of hypertension or high blood pressure and no serious associated complaint, the risk of serious outcome within 7 days is low.
Leg Length Discrepancy and Osteoarthritic Knee Pain in the Elderly: An Observational Study
Authors: Noll Donald R. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Context: Osteoarthritic knee pain is very common, as are leg length discrepancies (LLDs). The relationship between LLDs and osteoarthritic knee pain is not well understood.

Objective: To confirm a clinical impression that osteoarthritic knee pain is more common in the short (ie, superior-presenting) leg, as measured by supine physical examination of 3 bony landmarks: the medial malleoli, the anterior superior iliac spines, and the iliac crests. The secondary objective was to measure the relative positions of the 3 bony landmarks to better understand functional contributions to LLD.

Methods: A prospective single-occasion observational design was used. Patients who reported osteoarthritic knee pain during an office visit were recruited, and data were collected on 3 bony landmarks and which knee was usually most painful.

Results: Of the 32 participants who were recruited, 28 were women and 4 were men. Of the 17 participants who reported having right knee pain, 10 had a short right leg and 7 had a short left leg. Of the 15 participants who reported having left knee pain, 13 had a short left leg, 1 had a short right leg, and 1 had equal leg lengths. Knee pain was most severe in the short leg for 23 of 32 participants (71.9%). The most common pattern was for both iliac crests to be equal and the short leg to be concordant with a superior anterior superior iliac spine, which occurred in 23 of 32 participants (71.9%). In the present study population, the magnitude of LLD ranged from 0 to 2.1 cm.

Conclusion: Osteoarthritic knee pain was more common in the apparent short leg. More sophisticated studies, including investigations into the role of pelvic torsion in knee pain, as well as investigations for interoperator reliability and validity, are needed to build on the findings reported in this observational study.
Mucormycosis in a Patient With AIDS Receiving Systemic Steroids
Authors: Pan Andrew Shiau , Srinath Latha 
Published: August 2013

AbstractMucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection with a high mortality rate. Although mucormycosis is relatively rare, recent studies suggest that the incidence is on the rise as a result of increased use of chemotherapy and steroids. The authors present an unusual case of invasive mucormycosis in a hospitalized patient with AIDS who was receiving short-term, high-dose steroids and who had associated steroid-induced diabetes. The patient was otherwise healthy, with no underlying risk factors such as neutropenia or intravenous drug use. The patient developed acute onset of proptosis, vision loss, and invasiveMucorin the left maxillary sinus that extended along the optic nerve intracranially. Despite aggressive treatment, the patient died. Physicians should be aware of steroid-induced diabetes as a risk factor for invasive fungal infections such as mucormycosis.
Clinical Outcomes of Pediatric Patients With Acute Abdominal Pain and Incidental Findings of Free Intraperitoneal Fluid on Diagnostic Imaging
Authors: Matz Samantha , Connell Mary , Sinha Madhumita , Goettl Christopher S. , Patel Palak C. , Drachman David 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesThe presence of free intraperitoneal fluid on diagnostic imaging (sonography or computed tomography [CT]) may indicate an acute inflammatory process in children with abdominal pain in a nontraumatic setting. Although clinical outcomes of pediatric trauma patients with free fluid on diagnostic examinations without evidence of solid‐organ injury have been studied, similar studies in the absence of trauma are rare. Our objective was to study clinical outcomes of children with acute abdominal pain of nontraumatic etiology and free intraperitoneal fluid on diagnostic imaging (abdominal/pelvic sonography, CT, or both).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of medical records of children aged 0 to 18 years presenting to a pediatric emergency department with acute abdominal pain (nontraumatic) between April 2008 and March 2009. Patients with intraperitoneal free fluid on imaging were divided into 2 groups: group I, imaging suggestive of an intra‐abdominal surgical condition such as appendicitis; and group II, no evidence of an acute surgical condition on imaging, including patients with equivocal studies. Computed tomograms and sonograms were reviewed by a board‐certified radiologist, and the free fluid volume was quantitated.ResultsOf 1613 patients who underwent diagnostic imaging, 407 were eligible for the study; 134 (33%) had free fluid detected on diagnostic imaging. In patients with both sonography and CT, there was a significant correlation in the free fluid volume (r = 0.79; P < .0005). A significantly greater number of male patients with free fluid had a surgical condition identified on imaging (57.4% versus 25%; P < .001). Children with free fluid and an associated condition on imaging were more likely to have surgery (94.4% versus 6.3%; P < .001).ConclusionsWe found clinical outcomes (surgical versus nonsurgical) to be most correlated with a surgical diagnosis on diagnostic imaging and not with the amount of fluid present.
Fusion Imaging–Guided Percutaneous Biopsy of Focal Hepatic Lesions With Poor Conspicuity on Conventional Sonography
Authors: Park Hyun Jeong , Lee Min Woo , Lee Mi Hee , Hwang Jiyoung , Kang Tae Wook , Lim Sanghyeok , Rhim Hyunchul , Lim Hyo K. 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of real‐time fusion imaging (sonography combined with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) for percutaneous sonographically guided biopsy of focal hepatic lesions with poor sonographic conspicuity.MethodsThis study was conducted as a retrospective analysis of a prospective database and was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Patients who had target lesions with poor conspicuity on B‐mode sonography for percutaneous biopsy were enrolled in the study. Lesion conspicuity was assessed by conventional B‐mode sonography first and then by fusion imaging later in the same session. We compared lesion conspicuity and detection rates between B‐mode sonography and fusion imaging and evaluated how many cases of initially invisible lesions on B‐mode sonography became visible on fusion imaging. The technical success rate was evaluated on the basis of the final diagnoses, which were established by pathologic examination of the biopsy specimens as well as follow‐up clinical and radiologic examinations.ResultsA total of 22 patients were enrolled in the study. On fusion imaging, lesion conspicuity was increased in 63.6% of focal hepatic lesions (14 of 22). Moreover, 66.7% of lesions (6 of 9) that were invisible on B‐mode sonography became visible on fusion imaging. The true‐positive detection rate was significantly different between B‐mode sonography and fusion imaging (9 of 22 versus 19 of 22; P = .0044). Percutaneous biopsy was performed for all lesions, including 3 target lesions that were invisible even on fusion imaging. The technical success rate was 95.5% (21 of 22).ConclusionsFusion imaging is effective for percutaneous biopsy of focal hepatic lesions with poor sonographic conspicuity.
Routine Sonographic Measurement of the Near‐Field Lateral Ventricle During Second‐Trimester Morphologic Scans
Authors: VanHaltren Keith , Bethune Michael , Curcio Frank , Lombardo Paul , Schneider-Kolsky Michal E. 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine whether measurement of the near‐field lateral ventricular diameter can be reliably obtained within a practical time frame during second‐trimester obstetric scans by angling the fetal head approximately 30° away from the horizontal image axis such that the posterior aspect of the fetal head lies closer to the transducer.MethodsFifty consecutive singleton pregnancies presenting for a routine‐second trimester scan were recruited for this study. The far‐field lateral ventricular diameter was measured, followed by the near‐field lateral ventricular diameter using the proposed technique. The measurements were repeated by a second operator who was blinded to the first measurement. Both operators recorded the measurements taken and scored the level of visibility of the near‐field lateral ventricle. The difference between the two operators' measurements was compared by a κ analysis.ResultsThe near‐field lateral ventricle was visualized in 49 of 50 cases (98%). There was no statistically significant difference in the measurement of the near‐field lateral ventricular diameter by the two operators (P = .34). There was, however, a statistically significant difference in the time it took each operator to obtain the near‐field measurement after the far‐field measurement (P = .01).ConclusionsManipulating the transducer to position the falx of the fetal head approximately 30° away from the horizontal image axis allows the near‐field lateral ventricle to be routinely visualized and measured with a high degree of interoperator agreement and within a practical time frame once the operator is experienced in performing the technique.
Efficiency of First‐Trimester Uterine Artery Doppler, A‐Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 12, Pregnancy‐Associated Plasma Protein A, and Maternal Characteristics in the Prediction of Preeclampsia
Authors: Goetzinger Katherine R. , Zhong Yan , Cahill Alison G. , Odibo Linda , Macones George A. , Odibo Anthony O. 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to estimate the efficiency of first‐trimester uterine artery Doppler, A‐disintegrin and metalloprotease 12 (ADAM12), pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A (PAPP‐A), and maternal characteristics in the prediction of preeclampsia.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of patients presenting for first‐trimester aneuploidy screening between 11 and 14 weeks' gestation. Maternal serum ADAM12 and PAPP‐A levels were measured by an immunoassay, and mean uterine artery Doppler pulsatility indices were calculated. Outcomes of interest included preeclampsia, early preeclampsia (defined as requiring delivery at <34 weeks' gestation), and gestational hypertension. Logistic regression analysis was used to model the prediction of preeclampsia using ADAM12 multiples of the median (MoM), PAPP‐A MoM, and uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index MoM, either individually or in combination. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curves were used to compare the screening efficiency of the models using nonparametric U statistics.ResultsAmong 578 patients with complete outcome data, there were 54 cases of preeclampsia (9.3%) and 13 cases of early preeclampsia (2.2%). Median ADAM12 levels were significantly lower in patients who developed preeclampsia compared to those who did not (0.81 versus 1.01 MoM; P = .04). For a fixed false‐positive rate of 10%, ADAM12, PAPP‐A, and uterine artery Doppler parameters in combination with maternal characteristics identified 50%, 48%, and 52% of patients who developed preeclampsia, respectively. Combining these first‐trimester parameters did not improve the predictive efficiency of the models.ConclusionsFirst‐trimester ADAM12, PAPP‐A, and uterine artery Doppler characteristics are not sufficiently predictive of preeclampsia. Combinations of these parameters do not further improve their screening efficiency.