bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the coupling between spin-up and aspect ratio of vortices in rotating stratified flows: a predictive model
Authors: Ungarish Marius 
Published: July 2015

We consider the long-time (many revolutions) behaviour of an axisymmetric isolated anticyclonic vortex of constant density which floats inside a large ambient linear-stratified fluid rotating with constant ${\it\Omega}$. We have developed a closed simple model for the prediction of the vertical thickness to diameter aspect ratio ${\it\alpha}$ (and actually the shape) and internal angular velocity ${\it\omega}$, relative to the ambient, as functions of time $t$. (In our model ${\it\omega}$ is scaled with ${\it\Omega}$; the literature sometimes uses the Rossby number $Ro={\it\omega}/2$.) This model is an extension of the model of Aubert et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 706, 2012, pp. 34–45) and Hassanzadeh et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 706, 2012, pp. 46–57), which derived the connection between ${\it\alpha}$ and ${\it\omega}$, for prescribed $f=2{\it\Omega}$ and buoyancy frequency of the ambient $\mathscr{N}$. This work adds the balance of angular momentum and resolves the spin-up process of the vortex, which were not accounted for in the previous model. The Ekman number $E={\it\nu}/({\it\Omega}L^{2})$ now enters into the formulation; here ${\it\nu}$ is the coefficient of kinematic viscosity and $L$ is the half-height of the vortex, roughly (a sharper definition is given in the paper). The model can be applied to cases of both fixed-volume and injection-sustained vortices.The often-cited aspect ratio ${\it\alpha}=0.5f/\mathscr{N}$ corresponds to ${\it\omega}\approx -1$, which is a plausible initial condition for typical systems. We show that the continuous ‘decay’ of ${\it\alpha}$ from that value over many revolutions of the system is indeed governed by the spin-up effect which reduces $|{\it\omega}|$, but with significant differences to the classical spin-up of a fluid in a closed solid container. The spin-up shear torque decays with time because the thickness of the boundary shear layer increases. The layer starts as a double Ekman layer (between two fluids) but it quite quickly expands due to stratification effects, and later due to viscous diffusion. This prolongs the spin-up somewhat beyond the classical $E^{-1/2}/{\it\Omega}$ time interval. Moreover, when $|{\it\omega}|$ becomes small, the momentum of angular inertia of the vortex increases like $(1+(1/3)|{\it\omega}|^{-1})$; this further hinders the spin-up, and prolongs the process.Comparisons of the prediction of the model with previously published experimental and Navier–Stokes simulation data were performed for four cases. In three cases the agreement is good. In one case, the model predicts a much faster decay than the observed one; we have suggested a plausible explanation for this discrepancy.
Genetic diversity of Dioscorea japonica germplasm in Taiwan revealed by inter-simple sequence repeat DNA markers
Authors: Kung Tsai-Li , Lin Kuan-Hung , Lin Shun-Fu 
Published: July 2015

There are three native varieties of edible yams (Dioscorea japonica Thunb.) in Taiwan, but germplasm has been collected from only a few. To assess the genetic diversity of 99 accessions collected from four geographically diverse regions, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) DNA markers were analysed, and 90.2% of the polymorphic markers in these accessions were found. Genetic similarity among accessions ranged from 30.8 to 74.4%, averaging 48.4%. Cluster analyses revealed four main clusters plus one outlier (Dioscorea alata L.). The varieties oldhamii and pseudojaponica were separated into different clusters and var. japonica was grouped with both varieties. Since var. japonica was found to be genetically similar to var. oldhamii and var. pseudojaponica, we suggest that var. japonica is a hybrid or intermediate variety between the two varieties. Molecular analysis of variance results indicated that variation within counties (95.94%) was predominantly greater than variation among counties (3.63%) and among regions (0.43%). Overall, gene flow (Nm= 0.970) estimated from genetic differentiation (Gst= 0.340) suggests that gene flow among regions is relatively high. The highest genetic diversity (H= 0.191) and Shannon's index (I= 0.312), and a high gene flow (Nm= 3.926) of germplasm in the northern region suggest that this region is a possible centre of dispersal and domestication of yams in Taiwan. This study provided valuable information for germplasm collection and genetic improvement.
Mother-Youth Acculturation Gaps and Health-Risking/Emotional Problems among Latin-American Adolescents
Authors: Wiesner Margit , Arbona Consuelo , Capaldi Deborah M. , Kim Hyoun K. , Kaplan Charles D. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSecond-generation Latin-American adolescents tend to show higher levels of various health-risking behaviors and emotional problems than first-generation Latin-American adolescents. This cross-sectional study of 40 mother-adolescent dyads examined the association of mother-youth acculturation gaps to youth adjustment problems. Intergenerational acculturation gaps were assessed as a bidimensional self-report component and a novel observational measurement component. The Latin-American adolescents were predominantly second-generation of Mexican descent (Mage= 13.42 years,SD= 0.55). Most of the mothers were born in Mexico (Mage= 39.18 years,SD= 5.17). Data were collected from mothers, adolescents, and coders, using questionnaires, structured interviews, and videotaped mother-youth interaction tasks. Findings revealed generally weak support for the acculturation gap-distress hypothesis. In addition, stronger relative adherence to their heritage culture by the adolescents was significantly (p< .05,ES= 0.15) related to less engagement in early health-risking sexual behaviors, possibly reflecting selective acculturation processes. Mother-youth acculturation gaps in orientation to the heritage culture were the most salient dimension, changing the focus on the original formulation of the acculturation gap-distress hypothesis.
Environmental management system (EMS)
Authors: Kasim Azilah 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The paper aims to discuss the link or relationship between environmental management system (EMS) adoptions with organization learning (OL). It postulates that EMS adoption has the potential to catalyze organizational learning in hotels to make them more dynamic and competitive.Design/methodology/approach– The paper reviewed the literature to link the purpose and steps involved in an EMS adoption with the benefit of managing organizational knowledge and OL. It also uses the literature to identify phases of learning in EMS adoption and the level of employees exposed to the learning.Findings– There are two reasons why more hotels should not be hesitant to adopt EMS: flexibility – EMS does not dictate the level of environmental performance a firm should achieve, thus giving hotel firms the flexibility to determine the level of sophistication of their environmental management; and the building of company’s dynamism – EMS facilitates organizational learning, leading to enhanced organizational performance.Research limitations/implications– The proposed link between EMS implementation with OL in this paper can only be proven by means of empirical studies.Practical implications– Understanding the OL value of EMS adoption may persuade more hotel practitioners to adopt it.Originality/value– This paper proposes a link between a systematic approach to managing environmental responsibility with knowledge management in hotels.
Consequences of “greenwashing”
Authors: Rahman Imran , Park Jeongdoo , Chi Christina Geng-qing 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– This quasi-experimental study aimed to investigate, drawing upon influential discounting behavior theory and cognition – affect – behavior (C-A-B) paradigm, consumers’ reactions to the phenomenon of “greenwashing” in the lodging industry. More specifically, this paper proposed and tested a theoretical model that examined whether recognizing the ulterior motive caused consumer skepticism about hotels’ environmental claims, which in turn influenced consumers’ intention to participate in linen reuse program and intention to revisit the hotel. Additionally, the moderating effects of ecological concern on the relationship between skepticism and intention to participate and between skepticism and intention to revisit were examined.Design/methodology/approach– A quasi-experimental design was used with two conditions (control vs ulterior motive) employing staff members of a US public university as study participants. In total, 638 useful responses were received.Findings– The results of this study revealed that an ulterior motive of hotels’ environmental claims evoked consumer skepticism, which, in turn, negatively influenced consumers’ intention to participate in the linen reuse program and intention to revisit the hotel. Skepticism was found to partially mediate the relationships between ulterior motive and intention to participate and between ulterior motive and intention to revisit. Consumers’ ecological concern was not found to moderate the relationship between skepticism and intention to participate in the linen reuse program and skepticism and intention to revisit the hotel. In addition, a significant positive direct effect between ecological concern and intention to participate and a non-significant effect between ecological concern and revisit intention were revealed.Research limitations/implications– Focus on consumers’ response to the ulterior motive of environmental claims advances an understanding of consumers’ attitudes and perceptions about hotels’ green practices.Practical implications– Findings suggest that hotels need to be watchful so that consumers do not become skeptical. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that managers do everything possible to give customers no room for doubt. Hoteliers need to spend more effort in installing comprehensive green programs and make true green claims by keeping the potential consequences of greenwashing in mind. Hoteliers also need to seek out third-party certifications that require the hotel to meet certain standards, which will help ensure credibility in the eyes of consumers.Originality/value– Hospitality literature has seldom explored this gray area of green marketing, and, in this regard, this study serves as a guide to hoteliers and researchers alike. The authors thereby anticipate that this study would encourage more research in this often overlooked but highly important area.
Intellectual capital in Serbia’s hotel industry
Authors: Bontis Nick , Janošević Stevo , Dženopoljac Vladimir 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to determine whether intellectual capital (IC) creates value in the Serbian hotel industry. Specifically, this paper examines to what degree IC and its key components affect the financial performance of hotels compared to physical and financial capital.Design/methodology/approach– The sample included all of the hotels that operated as independent entities in Serbia during 2009–2012. value-added intellectual coefficient was used to measure the level of IC contribution to value creation, which was linked to various measures of financial performance, including operating profit, return on equity, return on assets, profitability and employee productivity.Findings– Results indicate that after controlling for firm size and leverage, employee productivity and, to some extent, profitability were affected by human and structural capital. The research confirms that the financial performance of hotels in Serbia remains predominantly influenced by efficient use of physical capital.Research limitations/implications– The study’s generalizability is limited to the hotel sector within Serbia.Practical implications– Senior managers in the hotel industry must recognize the importance of managing both the physical aspects of their hotels and the intangible resources embedded in their employees and processes.Originality/value– The findings will aid recognition of the importance of investing in IC in hotel industry as a crucial element of achieving competitive advantage in the information age. Moreover, the findings suggest that long-term growth should not rely solely on physical and financial assets.
Modelling the effect of energy performance certificate rating on property value in the Belfast housing market
Authors: Davis Peadar T , McCord John A , McCord Michael , Haran Martin 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– This study aims to investigate the relationship between energy performance and property sale price in the Belfast housing market. How energy efficiency is contributes to sale price and thus appraisal value is of growing concern. The obligatory measurement of energy efficiency in private dwellings seeks to encourage improvements in energy performance. This may be capitalised into property value and may stimulate demand for energy-efficient buildings. However, the relationship between energy performance and property value remains nebulous, complex and under-researched – in part due to data limitations.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using a hedonic pricing specification, this paper measures the effect of energy performance certificates (EPCs) on residential property value. It examines the relationship between 3,797 residential sales transactions across the Belfast housing market, showing the percentage effect on property value with respect to energy performance.

Findings
– The results indicate a small but positive relationship between better energy performance and higher selling prices. Nonetheless, the findings point towards strong preference, demand tastes and a complex intra-relationship between EPCs and their capitalisation into property value. Pertinently, the findings point towards any energy-efficient-related price effect affect to be marginal alongside more “quality”-based market behaviours.

Research limitations/implications
– Analogous with other studies, data deficiencies and a lack of incorporating price determining variables (missing determinants) such as heating type and glazing type introduces omitted variable bias and endogeneity problems within the model structure.

Originality/value
– This paper contributes to emerging literature and policy debate surrounding the measurement and implementation of energy-efficiency certification through a greater understanding of energy performance characteristics in determining property value.
Role of reality TV as a consumer-socialization agent of teenagers in a developing country
Authors: Haq Md Ridhwanul , Rahman Syed H 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to identify how reality television (RTV) influences the socialization of teenage consumers in a developing country. While the influence of television on consumer behaviour has been researched extensively in developed countries, the effect of RTV on consumer socialization has not, particularly in the context of developing countries.

Design/methodology/approach
– A combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods was used to develop the theoretical model, constructs and measurement variables. The data were then analysed, and the hypotheses tested and confirmed using structural equation modelling.

Findings
– RTV has a positive influence on the socialization of teenage consumers in a developing country. Teenagers’ consumption-related cognition, attitude and values are strongly affected by RTV. Furthermore, their consumption-related attitude is affected by consumption-related cognition and values. Social structural variables (parental control, peer-group influences, gender differences and social class differences) have an effect on teenagers’ RTV involvement and consumer-socialization process.

Originality/value
– Current consumer-socialization literature identifies the role of TV in consumer socialization. However, there is very little extant literature about the role of RTV in consumer socialization, particularly from a developing-country perspective. Furthermore, in the present literature, consumption-related cognition, attitudes and values are considered outcomes of consumer socialization; however, this has not been empirically tested regarding teenagers’ involvement in RTV and its consumer-socialization outcomes. This research considers the involvement of teenagers with RTV, and the influences of various social structural variables from a developing-country perspective.
Testing the weak-form efficiency of stock markets
Authors: Nwachukwu Jacinta Chikaodi , Shitta Omowunmi 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to focus on the weak-form efficiency of 24 emerging and nine industrial stock market indices around the world. It tests for the predictability and the presence of seasonal patterns in rates of return from January 2000 to December 2010.

Design/methodology/approach
– It reports on the descriptive statistics for estimated monthly percentage returns. This is complemented by the use of both parametric and non-parametric techniques to test for abnormal return behaviour in stock markets.

Findings
– The results show that: first, emerging economies which persisted with market-oriented reforms had higher returns relative to risk, indicating their attractiveness for risk diversification; second, successive changes in stock prices were interrelated with each other and therefore contained information for predicting future prices in two-thirds of the emerging markets compared to one-third of industrial economies; and third, the turn-of-the calendar year effect was present for half of the emerging markets vis-à-vis one-quarter of the developed countries. The authors found limited support for the tax-loss selling hypothesis for both the emerging and industrial economies.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper fails to specifically analyse the implications for security returns of changes in technology, institutions, volume of trading and regulations in the different stock markets.

Practical implications
– The results should be particularly informative for foreign investors with regard to the risk diversification benefits of the various emerging and industrialised stock markets and the expected risk-return trade-offs.

Originality/value
– The paper provides a more powerful explanation for the role of institutional arrangements, infrastructure, culture and other country-specific risk factors in asset pricing compared to disparate case studies.
Dual Adjacency Matrix: Exploring Link Groups in Dense Networks
Authors: Dinkla K. , Riche N. Henry , Westenberg M.A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNode grouping is a common way of adding structure and information to networks that aids their interpretation. However, certain networks benefit from the grouping of links instead of nodes. Link communities, for example, are a form of link groups that describe high‐quality overlapping node communities. There is a conceptual gap between node groups and link groups that poses an interesting visualization challenge. We introduce the Dual Adjacency Matrix to bridge this gap. This matrix combines node and link group techniques via a generalization that also enables it to be coordinated with a node‐link‐contour diagram. These methods have been implemented in a prototype that we evaluated with an information scientist and neuroscientist via interviews and prototype walk‐throughs. We demonstrate this prototype with the analysis of a trade network and an fMRI correlation network.
Evaluating 2D Flow Visualization Using Eye Tracking
Authors: Ho Hsin‐Yang , Yeh I‐Cheng , Lai Yu‐Chi , Lin Wen‐Chieh , Cherng Fu‐Yin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractFlow visualization is recognized as an essential tool for many scientific research fields and different visualization approaches are proposed. Several studies are also conducted to evaluate their effectiveness but these studies rarely examine the performance from the perspective of visual perception. In this paper, we aim at exploring how users’ visual perception is influenced by different 2D flow visualization methods. An eye tracker is used to analyze users’ visual behaviors when they perform the free viewing, advection prediction, flow feature detection, and flow feature identification tasks on the flow field images generated by different visualizations methods. We evaluate the illustration capability of five representative visualization algorithms. Our results show that the eye‐tracking‐based evaluation provides more insights to quantitatively analyze the effectiveness of these visualization methods.
Explicitly Simulated Electrification and Lightning within a Tropical Cyclone Based on the Environment of Hurricane Isaac (2012)
Authors: Fierro Alexandre O. , Mansell Edward R. , Ziegler Conrad L. , MacGorman Donald R. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This work analyzes a high-resolution 350-m simulation of the electrification processes within a hurricane in conjunction with available total lightning observations to augment the general understanding of some of the key cloud-scale electrification processes within these systems. The general environment and trends of Hurricane Isaac (2012), whose lightning activity was observed by the Earth Networks Total Lightning Network, were utilized to produce a reasonable tropical cyclone simulation. The numerical model in this work employs explicit electrification and lightning parameterizations within the Weather Research and Forecasting Model.
Overall, simulated storm-total flash origin density rates remain comparable to the observations. Because simulated reflectivities were larger and echo tops were higher in the eyewall than observed, the model consistently overestimated lightning rates there. The gross vertical charge structure in the eyewall resembled a normal tripole or a positive dipole, depending on the location. The negative charge at middle levels and positive at upper levels arose primarily from noninductive charging between graupel and ice crystals/snow. As some graupel melted into rain, the main midlevel negative charge region extended down to the surface in some places. The large volume of positively charged snow aloft caused a radially extensive negative screening layer to form on the lighter ice crystals above it.
Akin to continental storms and tropical convection, lightning activity in the eyewall was well correlated with the ice water path (r &gt; 0.7) followed by the graupel + hail path (r ≈ 0.7) and composite reflectivity at temperatures less than −10°C and the snow + ice path (r ≈ 0.5). Relative maxima in updraft volume, graupel volume, and total lightning rates in the eyewall all were coincident with the end of an intensification phase.
Principal Component Analysis Approach to Evaluate Instrument Performances in Developing a Cost-Effective Reliable Instrument Network for Atmospheric Measurements
Authors: Lolli Simone , Di Girolamo Paolo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDeveloping a reliable cost-effective instrument network for data measurement is a challenging task for agency decisionmakers. A simple way to fully characterize the performances of an instrument that also considers economical and operational factors—price, maintenance cost, lifetime, etc.—currently does not exist. Through principal component analysis, a method is developed to build a composite index that assigns a single score to each instrument, taking into account all the scientific, economic, and operational aspects. This index will then represent solid help in building and optimizing a cost-effective network, bridging the gap between two very different worlds: the scientific need for precision and economic constraints.