bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Professional profile in veterinary oncology: A Brazilian nationwide survey
Authors: Ferreira Amanda Alves , Freitas Ariel Silvestre , Diniz Juliana Araújo , Cunha Marillin de Castro , Magalhães Viviane de Souza , Dewulf Nathalie de Lourdes Souza , Lopes Angela Ferreira 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Veterinary oncology is constituted mainly by human-use drugs with hazardous agents. Occupational risks are present in all stages of handling. Many studies highlighted that veterinarians and pharmacists staff present a lack of knowledge and insufficient structure for promoting safety practices. This study investigated the professional profile and structure of veterinary antineoplastic chemotherapy in Brazilian services. Methods A nationwide survey was carried out through digital platforms by a self-applicable from 2020 to 2021. The characteristics of the structure, facilities, professional profiles, practices related to antineoplastic chemotherapy services, and inspections provided by regulatory companies were investigated. Frequency and ranges were used to examine and describe data. Results This study analyzed 108 respondents from all Brazilian regions where 36 participants worked in veterinary oncology. Dogs and cats comprised more than 90% of animals assisted. Vincristine, doxorubicin, carboplatin, vinblastine, and cyclophosphamide were the most commonly used drugs. Considering pharmacists-led (n = 4) vs veterinarians-led (n = 18) services, structure with safety for handling hazardous drugs (4 vs 9), correct PPE usage (3 vs 0), and occurrence of occupational accident (0 vs 5) were registered. Almost 60% were dissatisfied with the structure and the managerial unwillingness to promote facility improvements. The majority of participants reported an absence of service inspection. Conclusion The results demonstrated worrying concerning the inadequacy of the physical structure of the facilities, human resources, and handling hazardous drugs increased occupational health risk. The lack of competent authority standards and supervision corroborates practices that expose professionals, the population, and the environment to hazardous agents.
Exploring confidence in financial planning topics among care partners of persons living with dementia
Authors: Jolliff Anna , Fields Beth , Boutilier Justin , Dudek Alex , Elliott Christian , Zuraw Matthew , Werner Nicole E 
Published: August 2024

Objective Care partners of persons living with dementia perform significant financial planning in partnership with the person for whom they care. However, research is scarce on care partners’ confidence and experiences with financial planning. The purpose of this study was, first, to quantify care partners’ confidence across different financial planning topics. We sought to understand whether income, education, relationship type, and years of experience are related to care partners’ level of confidence in financial planning. Second, we sought to better understand the reasons for these confidence ratings by examining care partners’ experiences of financial planning. Methods We conducted an online survey that asked a combination of quantitative and qualitative questions to understand care partners’ confidence and experiences with financial planning. Participants were nationally recruited care partners of persons living with dementia. Multivariate linear regression was used to understand different subgroups’ levels of confidence in each financial planning topic. Inductive thematic analysis was used to understand qualitative data. Results The financial planning topics in which participants ( N = 318) felt the least confident were: options when there is not enough money to provide care; tax deductions available to cut care costs; and sources of money from government programs for which the care recipient is eligible. Differences in confidence were observed among care partners with lower incomes, less experience, and caring for a parent. Qualitatively, participants described the challenges of care budgeting and protecting personal finances; confusion about long-term care insurance and accessing resources; and, among confident care partners, reasons for this sense of preparedness. Conclusions These results underscore the need for tailored interventions and technologies that increase care partners’ confidence in specific aspects of financial planning, including long-term care insurance, available financial support, and what to do when money runs out.
Prevalence and risk factors of retinal vein occlusion in individuals with diabetes: The kailuan eye study
Authors: Yao Yao , Wang Qian , Yang Jingyan , Yan Yanni , Wei Wenbin 
Published: August 2024

Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in patients with and without diabetes in the population and compare the influencing factors. Method The community-based Kailuan Eye Study included 14,440 participants (9835 male, 4605 female) with a mean age of 54.0 ± 13.3 years (range, 20–110 years). They underwent a systemic and ophthalmologic examination. RVO were diagnosed on fundus photographs. Result By matching for age and gender, we included a total of 2767 patients each with diabetes and non-diabetes. The prevalence of RVO among patients with and without diabetes was 1.5% and 0.8%, respectively. The prevalence of RVO was higher in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes in all age groups. Multifactorial regression analysis showed that only fasting blood glucose levels were significantly different between patients with RVO with or without DM. The occurrence of RVO in the group with diabetes was mainly associated with higher fasting glucose and systolic blood pressure; in the group without diabetes, RVO was mainly associated with higher diastolic blood pressure, Body Mass Index, and lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Conclusion We found that patients with diabetes have increased risks of RVO. In addition to blood pressure control, we recommend educating patients with diabetes about RVO, to prevent its subsequent occurrence.
Hostile Attribution Bias and Working Memory in the Link Between Trauma Exposure and Violence in Justice-Involved Youth
Authors: Griffith Rebecca L. , Fite Paula , Shen Zuchao 
Published: August 2024

Background Youth involved with the justice system are more vulnerable to trauma exposure and engaging in violent behavior. Trauma exposure is linked to increases in youth violence, however, the pathway from trauma to violence, including neurocognitive and neuropsychological mechanisms, is not well understood. The current study sought to test the influence of hostile attribution bias (HAB) and working memory on violence and whether these factors play a role in the link between trauma and violence among justice-involved youth. Methods Participants included 237 detained youth (Male = 81.0%, Mage = 15.22) who completed self-report surveys and working memory tasks. Results Trauma was significantly associated with violent behavior. HAB was related to physical violence; however, when trauma exposure was entered into subsequent models, HAB was no longer associated with violence. Lower levels of working memory were found to interact with HAB to increase the risk of physical violence. Mediation was not supported. Implications The current study supports universal trauma screening and trauma-informed care in justice facilities and suggests that neurocognitive functioning assessment and remediation are important to consider in treatment programming.
Effectiveness of a Structured Trauma Template in Improving Clinical Examination Accuracy in Maxillofacial Trauma: A Prospective Study
Authors: Pandey Akhilesh K. , PG Gigi , Rajanna Harshitha , Anil Abhishek , Kumar Pravin , Chugh Ankita 
Published: August 2024

Study Design Prospective pre-post study. Objective Maxillofacial trauma presenting to the emergency department (ED) are often accompanied with complex concomitant injuries, thereby making thorough diagnosis and treatment plan quite an exacting task owing to the demanding conditions of the ED. The use of a structured maxillofacial trauma template helps in documenting the injuries comprehensively, aids in treatment planning, avoids medical negligence thereby improving the quality of care given to the patient. The study introduced a structured maxillofacial trauma template to improve the quality of the ED documentation. Methods A total of 220 patients were evaluated for the quality of their ED documentation from September 2023 till February 2024. The group A included 110 patients where complete medical documentation was done routinely on a blank A4 sized paper, group B included 110 patients where the documentation was done using the structured oral and maxillofacial trauma template. The ED notes were thoroughly evaluated by the 2 independent authors for record completeness and documentation rate of history and examination findings. Results The introduction of trauma template demonstrated a significant improvement of 18.95 % in record completeness. Significant improvement was seen in documentation rate among the covariates like place of injury, time of evaluation, primary care given, wound classification, dento-alveolar injury, ophthalmic evaluation, nerve injury evaluation, comorbidities with P = .001, and referral with P = .03. The ophthalmic evaluation showed significant improvement among covariates (loss of visual acuity, reflexes, diplopia, enophthalmos, subconjunctival haemorrhage, chemosis, periorbital oedema, periorbital ecchymosis, ocular dystopia) with P = .001, and extraocular muscle restriction with P = .004. Conclusions The study demonstrated that the use of a structured oral and maxillofacial trauma template can significantly improve the quality of the ED documentation and contributes to better patient care in the ED.
Analysis of the genetic variance of fibre diameter measured along the wool staple for use as a potential indicator of resilience in sheep
Authors: Smith Erin G. , Waters Dominic L. , Walkom Samuel F. , Clark Sam A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The effects of environmental disturbances on livestock are often observed indirectly through the variability patterns of repeated performance records over time. Sheep are frequently exposed to diverse extensive environments but currently lack appropriate measures of resilience (or sensitivity) towards environmental disturbance. In this study, random regression models were used to analyse repeated records of the fibre diameter of wool taken along the wool staple (bundle of wool fibres) to investigate how the genetic and environmental variance of fibre diameter changes with different growing environments.

Results
A model containing a fifth, fourth and second-order Legendre polynomial applied to the fixed, additive and permanent environmental effects, respectively, was optimal for modelling fibre diameter along the wool staple. The additive genetic and permanent environmental variance both showed variability across the staple length trajectory. The ranking of sire estimated breeding values (EBV) for fibre diameter was shown to change along the staple and the genetic correlations decreased as the distance between measurements along the staple increased. This result suggests that some genotypes were potentially more resilient towards the changes in the growing environment compared to others. In addition, the eigenfunctions of the random regression model implied the ability to change the fibre diameter trajectory to reduce its variability along the wool staple.

Conclusions
These results show that genetic variation in fibre diameter measured along the wool staple exists and this could be used to provide greater insight into the ability to select for resilience in extensively raised sheep populations.
Identification of the effects of alkalinity exposure on the gills of oriental river prawns, Macrobrachium nipponense
Authors: Jin Shubo , Zhou Rong , Gao Xuanbin , Xiong Yiwei , Zhang Wenyi , Qiao Hui , Wu Yan , Jiang Sufei , Fu Hongtuo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMacrobrachium nipponense is an important commercial freshwater species in China. However, the ability of alkali tolerance of M. nipponense is insufficient to culture in the major saline-alkali water source in China. Thus, it is urgently needed to perform the genetic improvement of alkali tolerance in this species. In the present study, we aimed to analyse the effects of alkali treatment on gills in this species after 96 h alkalinity exposure under the alkali concentrations of 0 mmol/L, 4 mmol/L, 8 mmol/L, and 12 mmol/L through performing the histological observations, measurement of antioxidant enzymes, metabolic profiling analysis, and transcriptome profiling analysis. The results of the present study revealed that alkali treatment stimulated the contents of malondialdehyde, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase in gills, indicating these antioxidant enzymes plays essential roles in the protection of body from the damage, caused by the alkali treatment. In addition, high concentration of alkali treatment (> 8 mmol/L) resulted in the damage of gill membrane and haemolymph vessel, affecting the normal respiratory function of gill. Metabolic profiling analysis revealed that Metabolic pathways, Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, Biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites, Microbial metabolism in diverse environments, Biosynthesis of amino acids were identified as the main enriched metabolic pathways of differentially expressed metabolites, which are consistent with the previous publications, treated by the various environmental factors. Transcriptome profiling analyses revealed that the alkali concentration of 12 mmol/L has more regulatory effects on the changes of gene expression than the other alkali concentrations. KEGG analysis revealed that Phagosome, Lysosome, Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, Purine Metabolism, Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and Endocytosis were identified as the main enriched metabolic pathways in the present study, predicting these metabolic pathways may be involved in the adaption of alkali treatment in M. nipponense. Phagosome, Lysosome, Purine Metabolism, and Endocytosis are immune-related metabolic pathways, while Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, and Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism are energy metabolism-related metabolic pathways. Quantitative PCR analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) verified the accuracy of the RNA-Seq. Alkali treatment significantly stimulated the expressions of DEGs from the metabolic pathways of Phagosome and Lysosome, suggesting Phagosome and Lysosome play essential roles in the regulation of alkali tolerance in this species, as well as the genes from these metabolic pathways. The present study identified the effects of alkali treatment on gills, providing valuable evidences for the genetic improvement of alkali tolerance in M. nipponense.
jmBIG: enhancing dynamic risk prediction and personalized medicine through joint modeling of longitudinal and survival data in big routinely collected data
Authors: Bhattacharjee Atanu , Rajbongshi Bhrigu Kumar , Vishwakarma Gajendra K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe have introduced the R package jmBIG to facilitate the analysis of large healthcare datasets and the development of predictive models. This package provides a comprehensive set of tools and functions specifically designed for the joint modelling of longitudinal and survival data in the context of big data analytics. The jmBIG package offers efficient and scalable implementations of joint modelling algorithms, allowing for integrating large-scale healthcare datasets.By utilizing the capabilities of jmBIG, researchers and analysts can effectively handle the challenges associated with big healthcare data, such as high dimensionality and complex relationships between multiple outcomes.With the support of jmBIG, analysts can seamlessly fit Bayesian joint models, generate predictions, and evaluate the performance of the models. The package incorporates cutting-edge methodologies and harnesses the computational capabilities of parallel computing to accelerate the analysis of large-scale healthcare datasets significantly. In summary, jmBIG empowers researchers to gain deeper insights into disease progression and treatment response, fostering evidence-based decision-making and paving the way for personalized healthcare interventions that can positively impact patient outcomes on a larger scale.
Development of prognostic model incorporating a ferroptosis/cuproptosis-related signature and mutational landscape analysis in muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Hao Sida , Yang Zitong , Wang Gang , Cai Guofeng , Qin Yong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a prevalent and aggressive malignancy. Ferroptosis and cuproptosis are recently discovered forms of programmed cell death (PCD) that have attracted much attention. However, their interactions and impacts on MIBC overall survival (OS) and treatment outcomes remain unclear.

Methods
Data from the TCGA-BLCA project (as the training set), cBioPortal database, and GEO datasets (GSE13507 and GSE32894, as the test sets) were utilized to identify hub ferroptosis/cuproptosis-related genes (FRGs and CRGs) and develop a prognostic signature. Differential expression analysis (DEA) was conducted, followed by univariate and multivariate Cox’s regression analyses and multiple machine learning (ML) techniques to select genetic features. The performance of the ferroptosis/cuproptosis-related signature was evaluated using Kaplan–Meier (K–M) survival analysis and receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves. Mutational and tumour immune microenvironment landscapes were also explored. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) experiments confirmed the expression patterns of the hub genes, and functional assays assessed the effects of SCD knockdown on cell viability, proliferation, and migration.

Results
DEA revealed dysregulated FRGs and CRGs in the TCGA MIBC cohort. SCD, DDR2, and MT1A were identified as hub genes. A prognostic signature based on the sum of the weighted expression of these genes demonstrated strong predictive efficacy in the training and test sets. Nomogram incorporating this signature accurately predicted 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival probabilities in the TCGA cohort and GSE13507 dataset. Copy number variation (CNV) and tumour immune microenvironment analysis revealed that high risk score level groups were associated with immunosuppression and lower tumour purity. The associations of risk scores with immunotherapy and chemical drugs were also explored, indicating their potential for guiding treatment for MIBC patients. The dysregulated expression patterns of three hub genes were validated by RT-qPCR experiments.

Conclusions
Targeting hub FRGs and CRGs could be a promising therapeutic approach for MIBC. Our prognostic model offers a new framework for MIBC subtyping and can inform personalized therapeutic strategies.
Sex and population differences in the cardiometabolic continuum: a machine learning study using the UK Biobank and ELSA-Brasil cohorts
Authors: Paula Daniela Polessa , Camacho Marina , Barbosa Odaleia , Marques Larissa , Harter Griep Rosane , da Fonseca Maria Jesus Mendes , Barreto Sandhi , Lekadir Karim 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The temporal relationships across cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) were recently conceptualized as the cardiometabolic continuum (CMC), sequence of cardiovascular events that stem from gene-environmental interactions, unhealthy lifestyle influences, and metabolic diseases such as diabetes, and hypertension. While the physiological pathways linking metabolic and cardiovascular diseases have been investigated, the study of the sex and population differences in the CMC have still not been described.

Methods
We present a machine learning approach to model the CMC and investigate sex and population differences in two distinct cohorts: the UK Biobank (17,700 participants) and the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) (7162 participants). We consider the following CMDs: hypertension (Hyp), diabetes (DM), heart diseases (HD: angina, myocardial infarction, or heart failure), and stroke (STK). For the identification of the CMC patterns, individual trajectories with the time of disease occurrence were clustered using k-means. Based on clinical, sociodemographic, and lifestyle characteristics, we built multiclass random forest classifiers and used the SHAP methodology to evaluate feature importance.

Results
Five CMC patterns were identified across both sexes and cohorts: EarlyHyp, FirstDM, FirstHD, Healthy, and LateHyp, named according to prevalence and disease occurrence time that depicted around 95%, 78%, 75%, 88% and 99% of individuals, respectively. Within the UK Biobank, more women were classified in the Healthy cluster and more men in all others. In the EarlyHyp and LateHyp clusters, isolated hypertension occurred earlier among women. Smoking habits and education had high importance and clear directionality for both sexes. For ELSA-Brasil, more men were classified in the Healthy cluster and more women in the FirstDM. The diabetes occurrence time when followed by hypertension was lower among women. Education and ethnicity had high importance and clear directionality for women, while for men these features were smoking, alcohol, and coffee consumption.

Conclusions
There are clear sex differences in the CMC that varied across the UK and Brazilian cohorts. In particular, disadvantages regarding incidence and the time to onset of diseases were more pronounced in Brazil, against woman. The results show the need to strengthen public health policies to prevent and control the time course of CMD, with an emphasis on women.