bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of personal and environmental factors on mental health in a sample of Austrian survivors of World War II with regard to PTSD: is it resilience?
Authors: Tran Ulrich S , Glück Tobias M , Lueger-Schuster Brigitte 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
War-related traumata in childhood and young-adulthood may have long-lasting negative effects on mental health. The focus of recent research has shifted to examine positive adaption despite traumatic experiences, i.e. resilience. We investigated personal and environmental factors associated with resilience in a sample of elderly Austrians (N = 293) who reported traumatic experiences in early life during World War II and subsequent occupation (1945–1955).

Methods
After reviewing different concepts of resilience, we analysed our data in a 3-phased approach: Following previous research approaches, we first investigated correlates of PTSD and non-PTSD. Secondly, we compared a PTSD positive sample (sub-threshold and full PTSD, n = 42) with a matched control sample regarding correlates of resilience and psychometrically assessed resilience (CD-RISC). Thirdly, we examined factors of resilience, discriminating between psychologically healthy participants who were exposed to a specific environmental stressor (having lived in the Soviet zone of occupation during 1945–1955) from those who were not.

Results
A smaller number of life-time traumata (OR = 0.73) and a medium level of education (OR = 2.46) were associated with better outcome. Matched PTSD and non-PTSD participants differed in psychometrically assessed resilience mainly in aspects that were directly related to symptoms of PTSD. Psychologically healthy participants with an environmental stressor in the past were characterized by a challenge-oriented and humorous attitude towards stress.

Conclusions
Our results show no clear picture of factors constituting resilience. Instead, most aspects of resilience rather appeared to be concomitants or consequences of PTSD and non-PTSD. However, special attention should be placed on a challenge-oriented and humorous attitude towards stress in future definitions of resilience.
Identification of active Plasmodium falciparum calpain to establish screening system for Pf-calpain-based drug development
Authors: Soh Byoung Yul , Song Hyun-Ok , Lee Yoonji , Lee Junghyun , Kaewintajuk Kusuma , Lee Binna , Choi Yun-Young , Cho Jeong Hoon , Choi Sun , Park Hyun 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
With the increasing resistance of malaria parasites to available drugs, there is an urgent demand to develop new anti-malarial drugs. Calpain inhibitor, ALLN, is proposed to inhibit parasite proliferation by suppressing haemoglobin degradation. This provides Plasmodium calpain as a potential target for drug development. Pf-calpain, a cysteine protease of Plasmodium falciparum, belongs to calpain-7 family, which is an atypical calpain not harboring Ca2+-binding regulatory motifs. In this present study, in order to establish the screening system for Pf-calpain specific inhibitors, the active form of Pf-calpain was first identified.

Methods
Recombinant Pf-calpain including catalytic subdomain IIa (rPf cal-IIa) was heterologously expressed and purified. Enzymatic activity was determined by both fluorogenic substrate assay and gelatin zymography. Molecular homology modeling was carried out to address the activation mode of Pf-calpain in the aspect of structural moiety.

Results
Based on the measurement of enzymatic activity and protease inhibitor assay, it was found that the active form of Pf-calpain only contains the catalytic subdomain IIa, suggesting that Pf-calpain may function as a monomeric form. The sequence prediction indicates that the catalytic subdomain IIa contains all amino acid residues necessary for catalytic triad (Cys-His-Asn) formation. Molecular modeling suggests that the Pf-calpain subdomain IIa makes an active site, holding the catalytic triad residues in their appropriate orientation for catalysis. The mutation analysis further supports that those amino acid residues are functional and have enzymatic activity.

Conclusion
The identified active form of Pf-calpain could be utilized to establish high-throughput screening system for Pf-calpain inhibitors. Due to its unique monomeric structural property, Pf-calpain could be served as a novel anti-malarial drug target, which has a high specificity for malaria parasite. In addition, the monomeric form of enzyme may contribute to relatively simple synthesis of selective inhibitors.
Superficial and deep lymph node dissection for stage III cutaneous melanoma: clinical outcome and prognostic factors
Authors: Mozzillo Nicola , Caracò Corrado , Marone Ugo , Di Monta Gianluca , Crispo Anna , Botti Gerardo , Montella Maurizio , Ascierto Paolo Antonio 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
The aims of this retrospective analysis were to evaluate the effect of combined superficial and deep groin dissection on disease-free and melanoma-specific survival, and to identify the most important factors for predicting the involvement of deep nodes according to clinically or microscopically detected nodal metastases.

Methods
Between January 1996 and December 2005, 133 consecutive patients with groin lymph node metastases underwent superficial and deep dissection at the National Cancer Institute, Naples. Lymph node involvement was clinically evident in 84 patients and detected by sentinel node biopsy in 49 cases.

Results
The 5-year disease-free survival was significantly better for patients with superficial lymph node metastases than for patients with involvement of both superficial and deep lymph nodes (34.9% vs. 19.0%; P = 0.001). The 5-year melanoma-specific survival was also significantly better for patients with superficial node metastases only (55.6% vs. 33.3%; P = 0.001).

Conclusions
Metastasis in the deep nodes is the strongest predictor of both disease-free and melanoma-specific survival. Deep groin dissection should be considered for all patients with groin clinical nodal involvement, but might be spared in patients with a positive sentinel node. Prospective studies will clarify the issue further.
Numerical simulation of natural convection in a square enclosure filled with nanofluid using the two-phase Lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Qi Cong , He Yurong , Yan Shengnan , Tian Fenglin , Hu Yanwei 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Considering interaction forces (gravity and buoyancy force, drag force, interaction potential force, and Brownian force) between nanoparticles and a base fluid, a two-phase Lattice Boltzmann model for natural convection of nanofluid is developed in this work. It is applied to investigate the natural convection in a square enclosure (the left wall is kept at a high constant temperature (T
H), and the top wall is kept at a low constant temperature (T
C)) filled with Al2O3/H2O nanofluid. This model is validated by comparing numerical results with published results, and a satisfactory agreement is shown between them. The effects of different nanoparticle fractions and Rayleigh numbers on natural convection heat transfer of nanofluid are investigated. It is found that the average Nusselt number of the enclosure increases with increasing nanoparticle volume fraction and increases more rapidly at a high Rayleigh number. Also, the effects of forces on nanoparticle volume fraction distribution in the square enclosure are studied in this paper. It is found that the driving force of the temperature difference has the biggest effect on nanoparticle volume fraction distribution. In addition, the effects of interaction forces on flow and heat transfer are investigated. It is found that Brownian force, interaction potential force, and gravity-buoyancy force have positive effects on the enhancement of natural convective heat transfer, while drag force has a negative effect.
Generic diffeomorphisms with weak limit shadowing
Authors: Lu Gang , Lee Keonhee , Lee Manseob 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
In this paper, we show that if a

C
1

-generic diffeomorphism has the weak limit shadowing property on the chain recurrent set, then the diffemorphism satisfies Axiom A and the no-cycle condition.

MSC:37C50, 37D30.
Sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma presenting in the masseter muscle: a case report
Authors: Lin Xu-Yong , Wang Yan , Yu Juan-Han , Liu Yang , Wang Liang , Li Qing-Chang , Wang En-Hua 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAbstractSclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma (SRMS) is exceedingly rare, and may cause a great diagnostic confusion. Histologically, it is characterized by abundant extracellular hyalinized matrix mimicking primitive chondroid or osteoid tissue. So, it may be easily misdiagnosed as chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, angiosarcoma and so on. Herein, we report a case of SRMS occurring in the masseter muscle in a 40-year-old male. The tumor showed a diverse histological pattern. The tumor cells were arranged into nests, cords, pseudovascular, adenoid, microalveoli and even single-file arrays. Immunostaining showed that the tumor was positive for the Vimentin, Desmin and MyoD1, and was negative for CK, P63, NSE, CD45, CD30, S-100, CD99, Myoglobin, CD68, CD34, CD31, and α–SMA. Based on the morphological finding and immunostaining, it was diagnosed as a SRMS. In addition, focally, our case also displayed a cribriform pattern resembling adenoid cystic carcinoma. This may represent a new histological feature which can broaden the histological spectrum of this tumor and also may lead to diagnostic confusion.Virtual slidesThe virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here:http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1615846455818924
Identification of new biomarker candidates for glucocorticoid induced insulin resistance using literature mining
Authors: Fleuren Wilco WM , Toonen Erik JM , Verhoeven Stefan , Frijters Raoul , Hulsen Tim , Rullmann Ton , van Schaik René , de Vlieg Jacob , Alkema Wynand 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundGlucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory agents used for the treatment of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis. Unfortunately, usage is limited because of metabolic side-effects, e.g. insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and diabetes. To gain more insight into the mechanisms behind glucocorticoid induced insulin resistance, it is important to understand which genes play a role in the development of insulin resistance and which genes are affected by glucocorticoids.Medline abstracts contain many studies about insulin resistance and the molecular effects of glucocorticoids and thus are a good resource to study these effects.ResultsWe developed CoPubGene a method to automatically identify gene-disease associations in Medline abstracts. We used this method to create a literature network of genes related to insulin resistance and to evaluate the importance of the genes in this network for glucocorticoid induced metabolic side effects and anti-inflammatory processes.With this approach we found several genes that already are considered markers of GC induced IR, such asphosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PCK) andglucose-6-phosphatase,catalytic subunit(G6PC). In addition, we found genes involved in steroid synthesis that have not yet been recognized as mediators of GC induced IR.ConclusionsWith this approach we are able to construct a robust informative literature network of insulin resistance related genes that gave new insights to better understand the mechanisms behind GC induced IR. The method has been set up in a generic way so it can be applied to a wide variety of disease networks.
Inability to detect significant absorption of immunoreactive soya protein in healthy adults may be relevant to its weak allergenicity
Authors: Lund Cecilia M , Dirks Christina G , Pedersen Mona H , Jensen Bettina M , Poulsen Lars K 
Published: February 2013

AbstractSoya and peanut are botanically closely related and share cross‐reacting antigens, but compared to soya, peanut allergy has a higher prevalence with more severe allergic reactions. Furthermore, the threshold dose for eliciting reactions is higher for soya. A difference in undigested protein absorption between the two foods, might explain this diversity.In the current study the amount of soya protein absorbed after soya bean ingestion in healthy adults was estimated. Ten subjects ingested 100 grams of soya beans (40 grams of soya protein) and blood was drawn before and 1, 3 and 24 hours after administration. Serum was analysed by ELISA and histamine release (HR). In all serum samples the soya protein concentration was below quantification limit (1.6 ng/ml which corresponds to 4.8 μg or 0.12 parts per million absorbed soya protein.We could not detect any significant absorption of soya protein. While we cannot totally exlude technical reasons, it may also reflect a true poor absorption in healthy adult volunteers. This could, in turn, be relevant to the apparently weak allergenicity of soy protein by comparison with peanut protein in allergic subjects.
Metabolic changes in cancer cells upon suppression of MYC
Authors: Anso Elena , Mullen Andrew R , Felsher Dean W , Matés José M , DeBerardinis Ralph J , Chandel Navdeep S 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
Cancer cells engage in aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis to fulfill their biosynthetic and energetic demands in part by activating MYC. Previous reports have characterized metabolic changes in proliferating cells upon MYC loss or gain of function. However, metabolic differences between MYC-dependent cancer cells and their isogenic differentiated counterparts have not been characterized upon MYC suppression in vitro.

Results
Here we report metabolic changes between MYC-dependent mouse osteogenic sarcomas and differentiated osteoid cells induced upon MYC suppression. While osteogenic sarcoma cells increased oxygen consumption and spare respiratory capacity upon MYC suppression, they displayed minimal changes in glucose and glutamine consumption as well as their respective contribution to the citrate pool. However, glutamine significantly induced oxygen consumption in the presence of MYC which was dependent on aminotransferases. Furthermore, inhibition of aminotransferases selectively diminished cell proliferation and survival of osteogenic sarcoma MYC-expressing cells. There were minimal changes in ROS levels and cell death sensitivity to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducing agents between osteoid cells and osteogenic sarcoma cells. Nevertheless, the mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant Mito-Vitamin E still diminished proliferation of MYC-dependent osteogenic sarcoma cells.

Conclusion
These data highlight that aminotransferases and mitochondrial ROS might be attractive targets for cancer therapy in MYC-driven tumors.
Effects of early life exposure to ultraviolet C radiation on mitochondrial DNA content, transcription, ATP production, and oxygen consumption in developing Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Leung Maxwell CK , Rooney John P , Ryde Ian T , Bernal Autumn J , Bess Amanda S , Crocker Tracey L , Ji Alex Q , Meyer Joel N 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is present in multiple copies per cell and undergoes dramatic amplification during development. The impacts of mtDNA damage incurred early in development are not well understood, especially in the case of types of mtDNA damage that are irreparable, such as ultraviolet C radiation (UVC)-induced photodimers.

Methods
We exposed first larval stage nematodes to UVC using a protocol that results in accumulated mtDNA damage but permits nuclear DNA (nDNA) repair. We then measured the transcriptional response, as well as oxygen consumption, ATP levels, and mtDNA copy number through adulthood.

Results
Although the mtDNA damage persisted to the fourth larval stage, we observed only a relatively minor ~40% decrease in mtDNA copy number. Transcriptomic analysis suggested an inhibition of aerobic metabolism and developmental processes; mRNA levels for mtDNA-encoded genes were reduced ~50% at 3 hours post-treatment, but recovered and, in some cases, were upregulated at 24 and 48 hours post-exposure. The mtDNA polymerase γ was also induced ~8-fold at 48 hours post-exposure. Moreover, ATP levels and oxygen consumption were reduced in response to UVC exposure, with marked reductions of ~50% at the later larval stages.

Conclusions
These results support the hypothesis that early life exposure to mitochondrial genotoxicants could result in mitochondrial dysfunction at later stages of life, thereby highlighting the potential health hazards of time-delayed effects of these genotoxicants in the environment.
Plasma cell disorders in HIV-infected patients: epidemiology and molecular mechanisms
Authors: Coker Woodrow J , Jeter Ashley , Schade Henning , Kang Yubin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractHighly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly improved the outcome and survival of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Subsequently, long-term morbidities including cancer have become of major public health and clinical interest for this patient population. Plasma cell disorders occur at higher incidence in HIV-infected patients; however, the molecular mechanisms driving the plasma cell disease process and the optimal management for these patients remain to be defined. This article provides an up-to-date review of the characteristics and management of HIV-infected patients with plasma cell disorders. We first present 3 cases of plasma cell disorders in HIV-infected patients, ranging from polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia to symptomatic multiple myeloma. We then discuss the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and management of each of these plasma cell disorders, with an emphasis on the molecular events underlying the progression of plasma cell diseases from monoclonal gammopathy to symptomatic multiple myeloma. We propose a three-step hypothesis for the development of multiple myeloma. Finally, we discuss the use of high dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of HIV-infected patients with multiple myeloma. Our review includes the care of HIV-infected patients with plasma cell disorders in the current era of HAART and novel agents available for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
Optical design with orthogonal representations of rotationally symmetric and freeform aspheres
Authors: Menke Christoph , Forbes G.W. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
We review the motivations and intended benefits of orthogonalized representations of aspheric shapes and demonstrate unexpected gains for design purposes. Leaving aside improvements in ‘design for manufacturability’, we show that local optimization within standard design codes can find solutions with better optical performance when orthogonal descriptions are employed. Our examples include rotationally symmetric systems as well as systems with no global axis of symmetry and even a system of freeform surfaces (i.e., with no individual axes of symmetry).
The astigmatic aberration field in active primary mirror astronomical telescopes
Authors: Thompson Kevin P. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Stemming from the exceptional results obtained with the pathfinding NTT telescope commissioned in 1989, the current generation of large astronomical telescopes, including the VLT, Gemini, Subaru, LBT, VST, and many more, use an active primary mirror in conjunction with the position of the secondary mirror to optimize performance with a cycle time typically measured in minutes over the course of acquiring a long exposure image. Recent discoveries, based in research enabled by the nodal aberration theory (NAT), have created a complete, linear model for the effect of, and the interaction of, the alignment compensators used during an exposure when an active primary mirror has a role in the process of maintaining performance in combination with the rotation of the secondary mirror around a specific external pivot point. This scenario, presented in the context of NAT, clearly illustrates important, limiting interactions between the secondary mirror position and the primary mirror astigmatic figure residual created through active control. It also points to the need for the wavefront sensor algorithm to anticipate that the astigmatic field will be binodal. The science of weak galactic lensing is exceptionally sensitive to binodal astigmatism, making this aberration field an urgent area of research.
Handheld Mobile Device Based Text Region Extraction and Binarization of Image Embedded Text Documents
Authors: Mollah Ayatullah Faruk , Basu Subhadip , Nasipuri Mita , Basu Dipak Kumar 
Published: February 2013

Abstract.Effective text region extraction and binarization of
image embedded text documents on mobile devices having limited computational
resources is an open research problem. In this paper, we present one
such technique for preprocessing images captured with built-in cameras of
handheld devices with an aim of developing an efficient Business Card Reader.
At first, the card image is processed for isolating foreground
components. These foreground components are classified as either text or
non-text using different feature descriptors of texts and images. The
non-text components are removed and the textual ones are binarized with a
fast adaptive algorithm. Specifically, we propose new techniques
(targeted to mobile devices) for (i) foreground component isolation, (ii)
text extraction and (iii) binarization of text regions from camera captured
business card images. Experiments with business card images of various
resolutions show that the present technique yields better accuracy and
involves low computational overhead in comparison with the state-of-the-art.
We achieve optimum text/non-text separation performance with images of
resolution 800×600 pixels with an average recall rate of 93.90% and
a precision rate of 96.84%. It involves a peak memory
consumption of 0.68 MB and processing time of 0.102 seconds on a moderately
powerful notebook, and 4 seconds of processing time on a PDA.
Two dimensional cyano-bridged heteropolynuclear complex containing Pd ···π interactions
Authors: Karaağaç Dursun , Kürkçüoğlu Güneş Süheyla , Hökelek Tuncer , Yeşilel Okan Zafer , Süzen Yasemin 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The heteronuclear complex, [Cd(NH3)2(μ-ampy)Pd(μ-CN)2(CN)2]
n
(1) (ampy = 4-aminomethylpyridine), was synthesized and characterized by vibrational (FT-IR and Raman) spectroscopy, elemental and thermal analyses and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P-1. The Cd(II) ion exhibits a distorted octahedral coordination by two different N-atoms from two symmetrically equivalent ampy ligands, two ammine ligands and two bridging cyano groups, whereas the Pd(II) ion has square planar coordination and is coordinated by four cyano ligands. The tetracyanopalladate(II) anion is coordinated to the adjacent two Cd(II) ions to generate a one-dimensional chain. The adjacent 1D chains are connected by the μ-ampy bridging ligands to form a 2D network. The 2D layers are further linked by Pd···π and hydrogen bonding interactions to generate a 3D supramolecular network. The decomposition reaction takes places in the temperature range of 40–900 °C in the static air atmosphere.