bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of treatment efficacy and sebosuppressive effect of fractional radiofrequency microneedle on acne vulgaris
Authors: Lee Kyung Real , Lee Eo Gin , Lee Hee Jung , Yoon Moon Soo 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveA minimally invasive fractional radiofrequency microneedle (FRM) device has been used in skin rejuvenation and acne scars, and a recent pilot study demonstrated the positive therapeutic effect on acne. We evaluated the efficacy of FRM device for acne vulgaris in Asians and conducted objective measurement to assess its effect on sebum production.Patients and MethodsTwenty Korean patients with acne vulgaris received a single full‐face FRM treatment. Outcome assessments included standardized photography, physician's global assessment, patient's satisfaction scores, acne lesion count, and objective measurements of casual sebum level (CSL) and sebum excretion rate (SER). They were evaluated at baseline and 2, 4, 8 weeks after the treatment.ResultsAfter a single FRM treatment, the CSL and the SER showed 30–60% and 70–80% reduction, respectively, at week 2 (P < 0.01), and remained below the baseline level until week 8. Physician's global improvement scores for acne severity and acne lesion count also revealed clinical improvement with maximum efficacy at week 2, but returned to the baseline in most patients by week 8. Patients' satisfaction scores (0–4) were above 2 on average, and adverse effects were minimal.ConclusionThis prospective study demonstrated the sebosuppressive effect from a single FRM treatment, but its therapeutic efficacy in acne requires further evaluation. Lasers Surg. Med. 45:639–647, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Novel D‐π‐A Conjugated Polymer Chemosensor Based on Benzo[c][1,2,5]selenadiazole for Highly Selective and Sensitive Recognition of Mercury (II) Ions
Authors: Li Duanqin , Li Hui , Liu Miaochang , Chen Jiuxi , Ding Jinchang , Huang Xiaobo , Wu Huayue 
Published: November 2013

A novel‐donor‐π‐acceptor‐type conjugated polymer based on the benzo[c][1,2,5]selenadiazole moiety and the fluorene group via an alkyne module is prepared by the the Sonogashira–Hagihara reaction. The polymer displays an absorption peak at a longer wavelength at 477 nm and shows orange fluorescence at 576 nm. The responsive optical properties of the polymer on various metal ions are investigated by fluorescence emission and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy measurements. Compared with other metal cations, Hg2+ shows the most pronounced UV–vis absorption and fluorescence response of the polymer. The visible color and the fluorescence color of the polymer sensor both disappear after addition of Hg2+, which can be easily detected by the naked eye. The results indicate this kind of polymer containing benzoselenadiazole units can be used as a highly selective and sensitive chemosensor for Hg2+ detection.
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Use of a clinical pathway to improve the acute management of vaso‐occlusive crisis pain in pediatric sickle cell disease
Authors: Ender Katherine L. , Krajewski Jennifer A. , Babineau John , Tresgallo Mary , Schechter William , Saroyan John M. , Kharbanda Anupam 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundThe most common, debilitating morbidity of sickle cell disease (SCD) is vaso‐occlusive crisis (VOC) pain. Although guidelines exist for its management, they are generally not well‐followed, and research in other pediatric diseases has shown that clinical pathways improve care. The purpose of our study was to determine whether a clinical pathway improves the acute management of sickle cell vaso‐occlusive crisis (VOC) pain in the pediatric emergency department (PED).ProcedurePain management practices were prospectively investigated before and after the initiation of a clinical pathway in the PED of an urban, tertiary care center with 50,000 ED visits per year and approximately 200 active sickle cell patients. The pathway included instructions for triage, monitoring, medication administration, and timing of assessments and interventions. Data were eligible from 35 pre‐pathway and 33 post‐pathway visits. Primary outcome was time interval to administration of first analgesic medication. Statistical analysis was by Student's t‐test, using natural‐log‐transformed data for outcomes with skewed distribution curves.ResultsTime interval to first analgesic improved from 74 to 42 minutes (P = 0.012) and to first opioid from 94 to 46 minutes (P = 0.013). The percentage of patients who received ketorolac increased from 57% to 82% (P = 0.03). Decrease in time interval to subsequent pain score assessment was not statistically significant (110 to 72 minutes (P = 0.07)), and change in pain score was not different (P = 0.25).ConclusionsThe use of a clinical pathway for sickle cell VOC in the PED can improve important aspects of pain management and merits further investigation and implementation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:693–696. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Phase 1 trial of temsirolimus in combination with irinotecan and temozolomide in children, adolescents and young adults with relapsed or refractory solid tumors: A children's oncology group study
Authors: Bagatell Rochelle , Norris Robin , Ingle Ashish M. , Ahern Charlotte , Voss Stephan , Fox Elizabeth , Little Anthony R. , Weigel Brenda J. , Adamson Peter C. , Blaney Susan 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundmTOR inhibitors have activity in pediatric tumor models. A phase I trial of the mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus (TEM) with irinotecan (IRN) and temozolomide (TMZ) was conducted in children with recurrent/refractory solid tumors, including central nervous system (CNS) tumors.MethodsEscalating doses of intravenous (IV) TEM were administered on days 1 and 8 of 21‐day cycles. IRN (50 mg/m2/dose escalated to a maximum of 90 mg/m2/dose) and TMZ (100 mg/m2/dose escalated to a maximum of 150 mg/m2/dose) were administered orally (PO) on days 1–5. When maximum tolerated doses (MTD) were identified, TEM frequency was increased to weekly.ResultsSeventy‐one eligible pts (median age 10.9 years, range 1.0–21.5) with neuroblastoma (16), osteosarcoma (7), Ewing sarcoma (7), rhabdomyosarcoma (4), CNS (22) or other (15) tumors were enrolled. Dose‐limiting hyperlipidemia occurred in two patients receiving oral corticosteroids. The protocol was subsequently amended to preclude chronic steroid use. The MTD was identified as TEM 35 mg/m2 IV weekly, with IRN 90 mg/m2 and TMZ 125 mg/m2 PO on days 1–5. At higher dose levels, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and triglycerides, anorexia, and thrombocytopenia were dose limiting. Additional ≥grade 3 regimen‐related toxicities included leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, anemia, and nausea/vomiting. Six patients had objective responses confirmed by central review; three of these had sustained responses through ≥14 cycles of therapy.ConclusionThe combination of TEM (35 mg/m2/dose IV weekly), IRN (90 mg/m2/dose days 1–5) and TMZ (125 mg/m2/dose days 1–5) administered PO every 21 days is well tolerated in children. Phase 2 trials of this combination are ongoing. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:833–839. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete T‐beams with fully or partially bonded fibre‐reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Ozden Sevket , Atalay Hilal M. , Akpinar Erkan , Erdogan Hakan , Vulaş Yılmaz Zafer 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA series of 10 reinforced concrete T‐beams, designed deficient in shear, were tested in order to investigate the shear performance achieved through externally applied U‐shaped FRP composite strips. Key variables of the study were: type of FRP composite, type of surface bonding and type of end anchorage for the strips. Carbon fibre‐reinforced polymer (CFRP), glass fibre‐reinforced polymer (GFRP) and high modulus of elasticity carbon fibre‐reinforced polymer (Hi‐CFRP) strips were the special composite types with different elastic moduli, full or partial bonding of the strips to the beam surface were the variables for the type of surface bonding. All partially bonded FRP strips were free from surface bonding, whereas epoxy‐bonded FRP anchors were used at their ends close to the slab‐to‐beam connection. Those strips with full surface bonding have either epoxy‐bonded FRP anchors at their ends or the strip ends were without anchorage. The test results revealed that shear‐deficient beams may well be strengthened by the externally applied FRP strips. However, the level of strength enhancement and the failure pattern is closely influenced by the composite's elastic modulus, the type of surface bonding and the type of end anchorage for the FRP strip itself. The enhancement of the Hi‐CFRP strips did not live up to expectations. The use of unbonded FRP for shear strengthening yielded promising results.
Transvaginal sonographic features of perineal masses in the female lower urogenital tract: a retrospective study of 71 patients
Authors: Wang X. , Yang H. , Zhang H. , Shi T. , Ren W. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo assess the transvaginal ultrasonographic features of perineal masses in the lower urogenital tract in a cohort of 71 women.MethodsSeventy‐one women with perineal masses were referred consecutively for transvaginal ultrasonography. Two‐dimensional (2D) ultrasound was used to scan the pelvic floor, including the urethra, vagina and rectum, and identify any possible areas of interest. A static three‐dimensional (3D) sonographic reconstruction of the pelvic anatomy was created to further delineate the relation of the lesions with their neighboring structures. Ultrasound results were compared retrospectively with surgical pathology outcome when possible.ResultsSeventy‐nine cystic, cystic‐solid or solid masses were detected on transvaginal 2D ultrasonography in the 71 women: in 44 patients, 47 anechoic cystic masses were identified and diagnosed as vaginal wall cysts; in 19 patients, 23 hyperechoic cystic masses were diagnosed as vaginal epidermoid cysts; in each of two patients, a hypoechoic cystic‐solid mass showing blood‐flow signals on color Doppler imaging was diagnosed as urogenital angiomyofibroblastoma; in each of three patients, a hypoechoic cyst was diagnosed as urethral diverticulum; and in three patients with a known history of gynecological malignancy, solid heterogeneous masses with blood flow signals on color Doppler imaging were diagnosed as metastatic cancer. In all patients, 3D ultrasonography delineated the anatomical relationship of these masses to the vagina, urethra and rectum.ConclusionsTransvaginal 2D and 3D ultrasonography is an accurate, non‐invasive, cost‐effective diagnostic modality for the delineation of congenital, septic and neoplastic lower urogenital tract perineal masses in women. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Of plasticity and specificity: dialectics of the microenvironment and macroenvironment and the organ phenotype
Authors: Bhat Ramray , Bissell Mina J. 
Published: November 2013

The study of biological form and how it arises is the domain of the developmental biologists; but once the form is achieved, the organ poses a fascinating conundrum for all the life scientists: how are form and function maintained in adult organs throughout most of the life of the organism? That they do appears to contradict the inherently plastic nature of organogenesis during development. How do cells with the same genetic information arrive at, and maintain such different architectures and functions, and how do they keep remembering that they are different from each other? It is now clear that narratives based solely on genes and an irreversible regulatory dynamics cannot answer these questions satisfactorily, and the concept of microenvironmental signaling needs to be added to the equation. During development, cells rearrange and differentiate in response to diffusive morphogens, juxtacrine signals, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). These components, which constitute the modular microenvironment, are sensitive to cues from other tissues and organs of the developing embryo as well as from the external macroenvironment. On the other hand, once the organ is formed, these modular constituents integrate and constrain the organ architecture, which ensures structural and functional homeostasis and therefore, organ specificity. We argue here that a corollary of the above is that once the organ architecture is compromised in adults by mutations or by changes in the microenvironment such as aging or inflammation, that organ becomes subjected to the developmental and embryonic circuits in search of a new identity. But since the microenvironment is no longer embryonic, the confusion leads to cancer: hence as we have argued, tumors become new evolutionary organs perhaps in search of an elusive homeostasis. WIREs Dev Biol 2014, 3:147–163. doi: 10.1002/wdev.130This article is categorized under:

Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Environmental Control of Stem Cells
Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Cellular Differentiation
Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Regulatory Mechanisms
Comparative Development and Evolution > Regulation of Organ Diversity
Is Intraoperative Calcitonin Monitoring Useful to Modulate the Extension of Neck Dissection in Patients With Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma?
Authors: De Crea Carmela , Raffaelli Marco , Milano Valentina , Carrozza Cinzia , Zuppi Cecilia , Bellantone Rocco , Lombardi Celestino P. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe extension of the compartment‐oriented neck dissection at primary surgery in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is controversial. Because a <50 % decrease in intraoperative calcitonin levels (IO‐CT) after total thyroidectomy plus central neck dissection (TT‐CND) has been associated with residual disease, IO‐CT monitoring has been proposed to predict the completeness of surgery. The goal of the present prospective study was to verify the accuracy of IO‐CT monitoring.MethodsAll patients scheduled for primary surgery for suspected or proven MTC between November 2010 and January 2013 were included. Calcitonin was measured pre‐incision (basal level), after tumor manipulation, at the time TT‐CND was accomplished (ablation level), 10 and 30 min after ablation. A decrease >50 % with respect to the highest IO‐CT level 30 min after ablation was considered predictive of cure.ResultsTwenty‐six patients were included, and IO‐CT monitoring identified 18 of 23 cured patients (true negative results) and 2 of 3 patients with persistent disease (true positive result). In 5 patients with normal basal and stimulated postoperative calcitonin levels, a decrease <50 % was observed (false positive results). In one of three patients with persistent disease a >50 % decrease in IO‐CT was observed (false negative results). Specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of IO‐CT were 78.2, 66.6, and 76.9 %, respectively.ConclusionsIntraoperative calcitonin monitoring is not highly accurate in predicting the completeness of surgical resection. In the present series, relying on IO‐CT would result in limited resection in about one third of the patients with residual neck disease and in unnecessary lateral neck dissection in about 20 % of the cured patients.
Optimal Timing of Surgery for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Pregnant Women
Authors: Uruno Takashi , Shibuya Hiroshi , Kitagawa Wataru , Nagahama Mitsuji , Sugino Kiminori , Ito Koichi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackground
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the second most common cancer diagnosed in pregnant women, but there is no consensus as to whether surgery should be performed during pregnancy or after delivery.Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the records of 45 patients with DTC operated on during pregnancy or within 1 year after delivery, and we compared the clinicopathological features and outcomes of the patients operated during pregnancy (group A, n = 24) and the patients operated after delivery (group B, n = 21).ResultsAll 45 patients were histologically diagnosed with well‐differentiated papillary thyroid cancer. Nineteen (79 %) of the 24 patients in group A underwent thyroidectomy during the second trimester. No complications associated with surgery or general anesthesia were reported in either group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, tumor size, incidence of lymph node metastasis, or incidence of extrathyroidal extension. No distant metastases were detected in any of the patients. Two small for date infants (8.3 %) and 2 heavy for date infants (8.3 %) were delivered in group A, but only 1 small for date infant (4.7 %) was delivered in group B. There were no miscarriages, and none of the infants in either group had birth defects. Because 3 patients in group A and 1 patient in group B experienced a local recurrence, salvage surgeries were performed.ConclusionsAlthough thyroid surgery was performed safely in the second trimester, surgery after delivery was also acceptable. Surgery after delivery is recommended for most patients with non‐aggressive DTC.
Molecular mapping of a stripe rust resistance gene in wheat cultivar Wuhan 2
Authors: Zhou X. L. , Han D. J. , Gou H. L. , Wang Q. L. , Zeng Q. D. , Yuan F. P. , Zhan G. M. , Huang L. L. , Kang Z. S. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractStripe rust (or yellow rust), caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat worldwide. Growing resistant cultivars is the best approach to control the disease. To identify and map genes for stripe rust resistance in wheat cultivar ‘Wuhan 2', an F2 population was developed from a cross between the cultivar and susceptible cultivar Mingxian 169. The parents, 179 F2 plants and their derived F2:3 lines were evaluated for responses to Chinese races CYR30 and CYR31 of the pathogen in a greenhouse. A recessive gene for resistance was identified. DNA bulked segregant analysis was applied and resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) techniques were used to identify molecular markers linked to the resistance gene. A genetic map consisting of five RGAP and six SSR markers was constructed. The recessive gene, designated Yrwh2, was located on the short arm of chromosome 3B and flanked by SSR markers Xwmc540 and Xgwm566 at 5.9 and 10.0 cM, respectively. The chromosomal location of the resistance gene and its close marker suggest that the locus is different from previously reported stripe rust resistance genes Yr30, QYr.ucw-3BS, Yrns-B1, YrRub and QYrex.wgp-3BL previously mapped to chromosome 3B. Yrwh2 and its closely linked markers are potentially useful for developing stripe rust resistance wheat cultivars if used in combination with other genes.
Life history of Bathyraja trachura from the eastern Bering Sea, with evidence of latitudinal variation in a deep-sea skate species
Authors: Winton Megan V. , Natanson Lisa J. , Kneebone Jeff , Cailliet Gregor M. , Ebert David A. 
Published: November 2013

Although many skates possess life history characteristics that may make them vulnerable to exploitation, the detailed biological information needed to enact effective management schemes is lacking for most species. The objectives of this study were to provide age, growth, and maturity estimates for the roughtail skate, Bathyraja trachura, from the eastern Bering Sea. Maximum age was estimated at 36 yr based on band pair counts in vertebral centra. Of the four growth models applied, the logistic model provided the best description of growth (asymptotic total length = 911 mm; growth coefficient = 0.131 yr−1). There was no evidence of difference in growth between males and females. Females attained maturity at larger sizes and older ages than males. The median size-at-maturity was estimated at 741 mm total length (TL) for males and 796 mm TL for females; median age-at-maturity was estimated at 21.1 yr and 24.7 yr for males and females, respectively. The results of this study may indicate a latitudinal pattern in size and growth, with individuals from the eastern Bering Sea growing more slowly and reaching higher maximum ages than previously reported for specimens collected off the western coast of the continental United States.
ENTRUSTING WESTERN EUROPE TO THE CHURCH, 400–750
Authors: Wood Ian 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTAlthough there had been substantial donations to the church in the course of the last two centuries of the Roman Empire, the amount of property transferred to the episcopal church and to monasteries in the following two and a half centuries would seem to have been immense. Probably rather more than 30 per cent of the Frankish kingdom was given to ecclesiastical institutions; although the Anglo-Saxon church was only established after 597, it also acquired huge amounts of land, as did the churches of Spain and Italy, although the extent conveyed in the two peninsulas is harder to estimate. The scale of endowments helps explain the occasional criticisms of the extent of church property, and also the secularisations and reallocation of church land, and indeed suggest that the transfer of property out of the control of the church in Francia and England in the eighth century may have been greater than is often assumed. The transfer of land should probably also be seen as something other than a simple change of ownership. Church property provided the economic basis for cult, for the maintenance of clergy, who were unquestionably numerous, and for the poor. In social and economic, as well as religious terms, this marked a major break with the Classical World.
The effects of a hurricane on seedling dynamics and abiotic interactions in a tropical lower montane wet forest
Authors: Luke Denneko , McLaren Kurt , Wilson Byron 
Published: November 2013

Abstract:We assessed seedling dynamics and understorey light before and after a hurricane in five randomly selected 5 × 5-m subplots, within 30 permanent sample plots covering a total area of 3750 m2 in a lower montane wet tropical forest, Jamaica over a period of 3 y. Understorey light increased (≈ 60%) following the passage of Hurricane Dean in 2007 but decreased in 2009. Overall, seedling density was positively related to light and survivorship was positively related to both light and density. Mortality was significantly lower and most species recorded their highest growth when the canopy was open (2007–2008). However, lower diversity during this period coincided with higher (average) mortality of uncommon species. The hurricane altered the relative importance of interactions between light, seedling density and dynamics. Consequently, interactions were significant before or 2 y after but not 1 y after the hurricane and their significance varied among the years and species. Periodic changes in the importance of these interactions and the effects of the hurricane were used to separate 12 common species along a continuum of responses, which ranged from positive (lower mortality), neutral to negative (lower growth). Our results indicate that hurricanes have positive and negative effects on seedling dynamics; therefore an increase in the intensity and frequency of hurricanes will likely alter seedling composition, and hence forest structure.