bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innate immune responses in the brain of sphingolipid lysosomal storage diseases
Authors: Vitner Einat B. , Futerman Anthony H. , Platt Nick 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are mainly caused by the defective activity of lysosomal hydrolases. A sub-class of LSDs are the sphingolipidoses, in which sphingolipids accumulate intra-cellularly. We here discuss the role of innate immunity in the sphingolipidoses, and compare the pathways of activation in two classical sphingolipidoses, namely Gaucher disease and Sandhoff disease, and in Niemann-Pick C disease, in which the main storage material is cholesterol but sphingolipids also accumulate. We discuss the mechanisms leading to neuroinflammation, and the different pathways of neuroinflammation in the different diseases, and suggest that intervention in these pathways may be a useful therapeutic approach to address these devastating human diseases.
Identities arising from higher-order Daehee polynomial bases
Authors: Kim Dae San , Kim Taekyun 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Here we will derive formulas for expressing any polynomial as linear combinations of two kinds of higherorder
Daehee polynomial basis. Then we will apply these formulas to certain polynomials in order to get new and
interesting identities involving higher-order Daehee polynomials of the first kind and of the second kind.
Exporting the Communist Image: The 1976 Chinese Peasant Painting Exhibition in Britain
Authors: Williams Emily 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
In 1976 an exhibition of Chinese peasant paintings toured Britain. Made by amateur peasant painters from Huxian (户县), the works were widely celebrated in the British art world for their optimistic portrayal of the new socialist countryside. Analysis of the exhibition’s reviews in newspapers and art journals demonstrate, however, that what appealed to the British critics was less the art itself and more the art system in China in which amateurs were encouraged to paint. This was contrasted to a British and Western art world that many left-wing artists and critics deemed to be elitist, overly conceptual and out of touch with the wider public. The success of the Huxian exhibition then needs to be seen in the context of the debates and criticisms of the British art world that took place throughout the 1970s. It also needs to be contextualized within the broader interest in China, Chinese communism and the Cultural Revolution that developed in the late 1960s and 1970s. This essay therefore explores the broader British interest in China in the 1970s and argues that the success of the Huxian peasant painting exhibition was the result of a unique convergence of events in late 1970s Britain.
Rethinking China’s Soft Power
Authors: Houlden Gordon , Schmidt Heather 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
What has been dubbed “China’s rise” has been met with trepidation or outright fear. The increasing economic and political power of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) is often read as a harbinger of the West’s imminent decline, and as a threat to a Western dominated global order. To match its growing ‘hard’ power, leaders in China have outlined intentions to cultivate the country’s soft power, or its appeal and influence globally. These efforts too have been read in largely negative terms in a body of literature that has sprung up around Chinese soft power. Yet, these works tend to assume negative implications without being grounded in empirical research. The contributors to this issue were tasked with reconsidering China’s soft power in the light of research which attends to the ideas and practices of its mediums – mediums such as the expansion of China’s global media network, the opening of Confucius Institutes around the world, and the increasing presence of Chinese popular culture in global forums. This introduction, in particular, considers some of the lessons that considerations of Chinese soft power can learn from the field of global studies.
The effect of the geometry of extrusion head flow channels on the adiabatic extrusion of low density polyethylene
Authors: Sikora Janusz W. , Garbacz Tomasz 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Plastics extrusion can be divided into the following types: conventional extrusion (run at low speed of the rotating screw), adiabatic extrusion (screw speed is relatively high, yet the process requires the use of heaters) and high speed extrusion (extruder barrel requires cooling due to very high screw speeds). This paper presents the results of a study undertaken to investigate the adiabatic extrusion of low density polyethylene using heads with circular cross-section nozzles and different geometries of flow channels. In the experiments, we examined the temperature and pressure of the polymer in the plasticizing unit, as well as the relationships between the output, thermal power conveyed by the plastic, total power supplied to the extruder, extrusion efficiency, unit consumption of the total energy supplied to the extruder as well as the rotational speed of the screw and the extruder’s head geometry. It was found that the most favorable energy conditions, i.e., the highest efficiency of the adiabatic extrusion of low density polyethylene in the whole range of the tested screw speeds, are ensured when the head with the highest diameter and length nozzle is applied.
Effect of Low Temperature on Tensile Strength and Mode I Fracture Energy of a Room Temperature Vulcanizing Silicone Adhesive
Authors: Marques E. A. S. , Banea M. D. , da Silva Lucas F. M. , Carbas R. J. C. , Sato C. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Aerospace applications have an increasing demand for strong and reliable adhesives, able to withstand large temperature gradients. The variation of the adhesive’s mechanical properties with temperature is therefore one of the factors that must be well understood before safe and reliable adhesive joints can be designed for these applications. The stress–strain curve and the toughness properties of an adhesive show strong dependency with temperature for most adhesives, especially near the glass transition temperature (Tg). In this work, an experimental procedure is undertaken to evaluate the effect of low temperatures on the adhesive strength and mode I fracture toughness of a room temperature vulcanizing silicone (RTV) adhesive. Firstly, the temperature at which the glass transition of the RTV occurs was obtained by means of an in-house developed measurement apparatus. Bulk specimens were manufactured and tested at temperatures above and below the Tg in order to obtain a strength envelope of the adhesive over this large temperature range. Single lap joints were also manufactured with this adhesive to assess the behaviour of the adhesive when assembled in a complete joint. For the determination of pure mode I fracture toughness, double cantilever beam specimens were also tested at negative temperatures near Tg. The results showed that the failure loads of all the tests performed have strong temperature dependence and this must be taken into account during adhesive joint design using this type of adhesives.
Experimental Evaluation and Prediction of Formability of Adhesive Bonded Steel Sheets at Different Adhesive Properties
Authors: Satheeshkumar V. , Ganesh Narayanan R. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The formability of adhesive bonded steel sheets is experimentally evaluated and predicted with the influence of carbon black (CB) nano powder filled adhesive. The epoxy adhesive properties are modified by filling CB nano powder at different wt. %. The tensile and in-plane plane-strain (IPPS) formability tests are carried out to evaluate the formability of adhesive bonded blanks. The true stress–strain behaviour of adhesive bonded blanks is evaluated from the experimental tests and predicted using a finite element (FE) model. The forming limit strains are evaluated during predictions by necking criteria, namely thickness gradient based necking criterion (TGNC) and effective strain-rate based necking criterion (ESRC), and validated with the experimental limit strains. The results show that the adhesive bonded blanks show improved elongation and limit strains of base materials constituting adhesive bonded blanks with increase in CB up to 2 wt. %. There is a reasonable difference in adhesive bonded sheets limit strains between predictions and experiments due to the absence of interface bonding between adhesive and base materials. In the tensile test, about 9.1 %–21.7 % variation in true major strain and about 10.3 %–13.4 % in true minor strain during TGNC predictions are noticed, while ESRC shows more variation than TGNC. In the IPPS forming test, about 8.3 %–12.4 % difference in true major strain and about 2.2 %–13.4 % difference in true minor strain are noticed during prediction by TGNC. The ESRC predictions are equally efficient as compared to TGNC predictions in this case. The TGNC shows better prediction of about 13.5 % in true major strain, and about 7.5 % in true minor strain as compared to ESRC at different adhesive properties in the tensile test. Similarly, a better prediction of about 1 % in true major strain and about 0.3 % in true minor strain in IPPS formability test is observed.
Identification of Nonviable Genes Affecting Touch Sensitivity inCaenorhabditis elegansUsing Neuronally Enhanced Feeding RNA Interference
Authors: Chen Xiaoyin , Cuadros Margarete Diaz , Chalfie Martin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractCaenorhabditis elegans senses gentle touch along the body via six touch receptor neurons. Although genetic screens and microarray analyses have identified several genes needed for touch sensitivity, these methods miss pleiotropic genes that are essential for the viability, movement, or fertility of the animals. We used neuronally enhanced feeding RNA interference to screen genes that cause lethality or paralysis when mutated, and we identified 61 such genes affecting touch sensitivity, including five positive controls. We confirmed 18 genes by using available alleles, and further studied one of them, tag-170, now renamed txdc-9. txdc-9 preferentially affects anterior touch response but is needed for tubulin acetylation and microtubule formation in both the anterior and posterior touch receptor neurons. Our results indicate that neuronally enhanced feeding RNA interference screens complement traditional mutageneses by identifying additional nonviable genes needed for specific neuronal functions.
Rapid and Inexpensive Whole-Genome Genotyping-by-Sequencing for Crossover Localization and Fine-Scale Genetic Mapping
Authors: Rowan Beth A , Patel Vipul , Weigel Detlef , Schneeberger Korbinian 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe reshuffling of existing genetic variation during meiosis is important both during evolution and in breeding. The reassortment of genetic variants relies on the formation of crossovers (COs) between homologous chromosomes. The pattern of genome-wide CO distributions can be rapidly and precisely established by the short-read sequencing of individuals from F2 populations, which in turn are useful for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. Although sequencing costs have decreased precipitously in recent years, the costs of library preparation for hundreds of individuals have remained high. To enable rapid and inexpensive CO detection and QTL mapping using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of large mapping populations, we have developed a new method for library preparation along with Trained Individual GenomE Reconstruction, a probabilistic method for genotype and CO predictions for recombinant individuals. In an example case with hundreds of F2 individuals from two Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, we resolved most CO breakpoints to within 2 kb and reduced a major flowering time QTL to a 9-kb interval. In addition, an extended region of unusually low recombination revealed a 1.8-Mb inversion polymorphism on the long arm of chromosome 4. We observed no significant differences in the frequency and distribution of COs between F2 individuals with and without a functional copy of the DNA helicase gene RECQ4A. In summary, we present a new, cost-efficient method for large-scale, high-precision genotyping-by-sequencing.
Organizational justice and insomnia: Relationships between justice components and insomnia symptoms among private company workers in Japan
Authors: Hayashi Toshio , Odagiri Yuko , Takamiya Tomoko , Ohya Yumiko , Inoue Shigeru 
Published: January 2015

Organizational justice and insomnia: Relationships between justice components and insomnia symptoms among private company workers in Japan: Toshio Hayashi, et al. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical UniversityObjectiveOrganizational justice (OJ) is an important psychosocial factor and it consists of several components. Previous studies have shown that low perceived OJ is associated with various health problems. However, the relationships between each justice component and health outcomes have not been fully examined. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationships between OJ and insomnia, including OJ components and insomnia symptoms.MethodsCross‐sectional self‐reported questionnaire data from 1,893 employees (92.2% of subjects) were collected. OJ was measured using the Japanese version of the OJ questionnaire, which has four components (distributive, procedural, interpersonal and informational). Insomnia was assessed with the Athens Insomnia Scale. Logistic regression analysis, with insomnia as a dependent variable and OJ as an independent variable, was conducted.ResultsSubjects with low overall OJ had a higher risk of insomnia (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 2.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.59 to 3.53) and two insomnia symptoms (AOR of 2.47 and 95% CI of 1.68 to 3.65 for sleep induction problem; AOR of 1.73 and 95% CI of 1.21 to 2.48 for sleep maintenance problem). The four justice components were all associated with insomnia and sleep induction problems. Sleep maintenance problems were associated with only the distributive justice component.ConclusionsAll four justice components were associated with both insomnia and sleep induction problems. Sleep maintenance problems, however, showed different features. Specifically, the distributive justice component seemed to be a key factor in the relationship between OJ and insomnia. These findings might provide useful information for preventing the adverse effects of insomnia.
Appropriate Tongue Blade Length of the Dingman Mouth Gag for Japanese Pediatric Patients with Cleft Palate and Mandibular Micrognathia
Authors: Satoh Koji , Aizawa Takako , Kobayashi Yoshikazu , Mizutani Hideki , Yamada Morimasa 
Published: January 2015

Objective Our objective is to determine appropriate specifications for smaller tongue blade for Japanese pediatric patients with cleft palate (CP) and mandibular micrognathia. Patients We investigated 59 patients who underwent palatoplasty. Patients were divided into two groups: the micrognathia (MG) group consisted of 11 patients and the normognathia (NG) group consisted of 48 patients. Interventions The following five items were investigated retrospectively: (1) gender, (2) cleft type, (3) age at the time of surgery, (4) weight at the time of surgery, and (5) distance from the tongue blade base to the posterior pharyngeal wall (Dis). Result There was a significant difference (P < .01) in age at the time of surgery and in Dis between groups, but not in weight. The minimum values were 55 mm for the MG group. As for correlations between age and weight at the time of surgery, the P values for the MG and NG groups were .993 and .052, respectively. As for correlations between weight at the time of surgery and Dis, the P values for the MG and NG groups were .987 and .099, respectively. Conclusions It was difficult to predict Dis on the basis of the patient's age and weight measured preoperatively. The minimum Dis was 55 mm, equal to the length from the base to the tip of the Dingman Mouth Gag tongue blade currently in use, suggesting that a tongue blade of approximately 50 mm in length, shorter than the current minimum specifications, may be appropriate.
Institutional and Cultural Perspectives on Home Birth in Israel
Authors: Meroz Michal (Rosie) , Gesser-Edelsburg Anat 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTThis study exposes doctors’ and midwives’ perceptions and misperceptions regarding home birth by examining their views on childbirth in general and on risk associated with home births in particular. It relies on an approach of risk communication and an anthropological framework. In a qualitative-constructive study, 19 in-depth interviews were conducted with hospital doctors, hospital midwives, home-birth midwives, and a home-birth obstetrician. Our findings reveal that hospital midwives and doctors suffer from lack of exposure to home births, leading to disagreement regarding norms and risk; it also revealed sexist or patriarchal worldviews. Recommendations include improving communication between home-birth midwives and hospital counterparts; increased exposure of hospital doctors to home birth, creating new protocols in collaboration with home-birth midwives; and establishing a national database of home births.
Brief: Making Alliances Work-Using a Computer-Based Management System To Integrate the Supply Chain
Authors: Johnson J.B. , Randolph Scott 
Published: January 2015

Summary
Traditionally, "price has been king" in the selection of suppliers and service companies in the upstream oil and gas market. Three years ago, Amoco began to question this selection practice and embarked on an extensive benchmarking effort that has led the company to a proven strategy for goods and services procurement called supply chain management (SCM). However, the company found that managing compact, integrated supply chains is not always easy. Several implementation issues need to be reconciled for alliances to achieve their full bottom-line potential benefits consistently. Issues that must be resolved, whether they are called alliances, supply chains, or integrated services, are (1) whether these new working relationships are profitable for all the entities involved, from suppliers through to end users; (2) how to assess and improve risk management; (3) how to reduce total system costs; and (4) how to improve performance for each of the alliance members and for the alliance as a whole. This brief describes one possible solution to the complex issues involved in making alliances work: a computer-facilitated management system designed to integrate the work processes of different organizations. In the case described, the Drilling Management System (DMS) was developed and used by the Amoco (U.K.) Well Dept. The system uses off-the-shelf commercial software to improve the performance of the company's drilling operations by integrating the activities of the company and its suppliers.
The Effect of a Diabetes-Specific Cognitive Behavioral Treatment Program (DIAMOS) for Patients With Diabetes and Subclinical Depression: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hermanns Norbert , Schmitt Andreas , Gahr Annika , Herder Christian , Nowotny Bettina , Roden Michael , Ohmann Christian , Kruse Johannes , Haak Thomas , Kulzer Bernhard 
Published: January 2015

OBJECTIVE
Subclinical depression is one of the most frequent mental comorbidities in patients with diabetes and is associated with a poorer long-term prognosis. Since there is a lack of specific intervention concepts for this patient group, a self-management–oriented group program (DIAMOS [Diabetes Motivation Strengthening]) was newly developed and evaluated in a randomized trial.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
DIAMOS is composed of cognitive behavioral interventions aiming at the reduction of diabetes distress. The active control group (CG) received diabetes education. The primary outcome was depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes were diabetes distress, well-being, self-care behavior, diabetes acceptance, diabetes treatment satisfaction, HbA1c, and subclinical inflammation.

RESULTS
Two hundred fourteen participants (mean age 43.3 ± 13.3 years, female sex 56.5%, type 2 diabetes 34.1%, mean diabetes duration 14.2 ± 10.5 years, HbA1c 8.9 ± 1.8%, BMI 28.7 ± 71 kg/m2) were randomized. The 12-month follow-up revealed a significantly stronger reduction of depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score) in the DIAMOS group compared with the CG (Δ3.9 [95% CI 0.6–7.3], P = 0.021). Of the secondary variables, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (Δ1.7 [95% CI 0.2–3.2], P = 0.023), Problem Areas in Diabetes scale (Δ8.2 [95% CI 3.1–13.3], P = 0.002), and Diabetes Distress Scale scores (Δ0.3 [95% CI 0.1–0.5], P = 0.012) displayed significant treatment effects. Moreover, the risk of incident major depression in the DIAMOS group was significantly reduced (odds ratio 0.63 [95% CI 0.42–0.96], P = 0.028). Inflammatory variables were not substantially affected.

CONCLUSIONS
DIAMOS is more effective in lowering depressive symptoms and diabetes-related distress in diabetic patients with subclinical depression. DIAMOS also has a preventive effect with respect to the incidence of major depression.
Corrosion performance and microstructural response of A380 matrix alloy reinforced with sol–gel TiO2-coated SiC particles: a perspective on previous studies
Authors: Dikici Burak , Tekmen Cagri , Yigit Ozcan 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
In this study, the corrosion susceptibility of aluminium matrix composites reinforced with sol–gel TiO2-coated silicon carbide particles has been investigated. The corrosion of the composite, fabricated by means of a liquid metal infiltration technique, was established in chloride-containing alkaline environments using the potentiodynamic polarisation technique. Microstructural and interfacial characterisation of the composite was carried out by using an optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersion spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer. The corrosion performance and its effect on the composite microstructure are discussed in relation to previous observations.
Electrocapacitance of hybrid film based on graphene oxide reduced by ascorbic acid
Authors: Pruna Alina , Tamvakos Dimitrios , Sgroi Mauro , Pullini Daniele , Nieto Esther Asedegbega , Busquets-Mataix David 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
A simple chemical approach was employed to reduce graphene oxide in order to fabricate electrode coatings in close correlation with industrial production standards for supercapacitors. The morphology, structure, thermal stability and the residual oxygen functional groups in chemically reduced graphene oxide were analyzed. Cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge measurements were employed to study the electrochemical performance of the coatings as a function of active material loading. The results showed an increase in the specific capacitance for chemically reduced graphene oxide-based coatings in comparison to commercial activated carbon, while the desired value needs to be optimized with respect to the conductivity of such materials.