bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Structures, Luminescence, and Magnetic Properties of Two Three‐dimensional Lanthanide Organic Frameworks Comprising Pyrazine‐2,3‐dicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Hou Xiang‐Yang , Wang Xiao , Gao Lou Jun , Fu Feng , Wang Ji Jiang , Cao Jia 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTwo three‐dimensional (3D) lanthanide coordination polymers (CPs) of the general formula [Ln2(PDOA)3(H2O)]n·2nH2O [Ln = Gd (1), Tb (2)] were synthesized by solvothermal reactions of the corresponding rare‐earth chloride and pyrazine‐2,3‐dicarboxylic acid (H2PDOA). The CPs were structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and elemental analysis. CPs 1 and 2 are isostructural and crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c. The frameworks are constructed from dinuclear lanthanide building blocks in which the PDOA2– ions adopt three coordination modes, μ3‐kO;kO;kN,O, μ4‐kN,O;kO;kO;kO,O, and μ5‐kN,O;kO;kO;kO,O;kO, respectively. The Tb3+ polymer of 2 exhibits characteristic photoluminescence in the visible region. The magnetic properties of CP 1 were investigated by measuring the magnetic susceptibilities in the temperature range 1.8–300 K.
Two Lanthanide(III) Complexes based on the Schiff Base N,N′‐Bis(salicylidene)‐1,5‐diamino‐3‐oxapentane: Synthesis, Characterization, DNA‐binding Properties, and Antioxidation
Authors: Wu Huilu , Bai Yuchen , Zhang Yanhui , Pan Guolong , Kong Jin , Shi Furong , Wang Xiaoli 
Published: June 2014

Abstract The Schiff base N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)‐1,5‐diamino‐3‐oxapentane (H2L) and its lanthanide(III) complexes, PrL(NO3)(DMF)(H2O) (1) and Ho2L2(NO3)2·2H2O (2), were synthesized and characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. Single crystal X‐ray structure analysis revealed that complex 1 is a discrete mononuclear species. The PrIII ion is nine‐coordinate, forming a distorted capped square antiprismatic arrangement. Complex 2 is a centrosymmetric dinuclear neutral entity in which the HoIII ion is eight‐coordinate with distorted square antiprismatic arrangement. The DNA‐binding properties of H2L and its LnIII complexes were investigated by spectrophotometric methods and viscosity measurements. The results suggest that the ligand H2L and its LnIII complexes both connect to DNA in a groove binding mode; the complexes bind more strongly to DNA than the ligand. Moreover, the antioxidant activities of the LnIII complexes were in vitro determined by superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging methods, which indicate that complexes 1 and 2 have OH· and O2–· radical scavenging activity.
Activation of N2, the Enzymatic Way
Authors: Dance Ian 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe multiple ways in which N2 can be coordinated to FeMo‐co, the Fe7MoS9C cluster at the active site of the enzyme nitrogenase, are catalogued and interpreted, in the context of other N2‐activating metal complexes. N2 bound to FeMo‐co is located in a unique gallery of surrounding hydrogen atoms, proposed to be a key factor in the conversion to NH3.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Hydrogen Bonding, and Thermal Behavior of a Three‐Dimensional CuII‐benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetracarboxylate Templated by 1,9‐Diaminononane
Authors: Köferstein Roberto , Robl Christian 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTriclinic single crystals of Cu4(H3N–(CH2)9–NH3)(OH)2[C6H2(COO)4]2·5H2O were prepared in aqueous solution at 80 °C in the presence of 1,9‐diaminononane. Space group P (no. 2) with a = 1057.5(2), b = 1166.0(2), c = 1576.7(2) pm, α = 106.080(10)°, β = 90.73(2)° and γ = 94.050(10)°. The four crystallographic independent Cu2+ ions are surrounded by five oxygen atoms each with Cu–O distances between 191.4(3) and 231.7(4) pm. The connection between the Cu2+ coordination polyhedra and the [C6H2(COO)4]4– anions yields three‐dimensional framework with negative excess charge and wide centrosymmetric channel‐like voids. These voids extend parallel to [001] with the diagonal of the nearly rectangular cross‐section of approximately 900 pm. The channels of the framework accommodate [H3N–(CH2)9–NH3]2+ cations and water molecules, which are not connected to Cu2+. The nonane‐1,9‐diammonium cations adopt a partial gauche conformation. Thermoanalytical measurements in air show a loss of water of crystallization starting at 90 °C and finishing at approx. 170 °C. The dehydrated compound is stable up to 260 °C followed by an exothermic decomposition yielding copper oxide.
Role of Annealing Atmosphere on Structure, Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of La2CoMnO6 and La2MgMnO6
Authors: Sayed Farheen N. , Achary Srungarpu N. , Deshpande Sudhanshu·K. , Rajeswari Balasubhramanian , Kadam Ramakant M. , Dwebedi Sandhya , Nigam Arun K. , Tyagi Avesh K. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPolycrystalline samples of La2MMnO6 (M = Co and Mg) were prepared by a combined gel‐combustion and high temperature reaction method. The samples were annealed in different oxygen partial pressure (pO2) and characterized by powder XRD, SQUID magnetometry, ac impedance spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques. Monoclinic (P21/n) and rhombohedral (R) lattices were observed for La2CoMnO6 and La2MgMnO6, respectively. On annealing in inert atmosphere, La2MgMnO6 partially converted to monoclinic La2CoMnO6 type structure, whereas no structural change was observed in La2CoMnO6. Dielectric studies of La2CoMnO6 indicated relaxor like behavior with polaronic conduction, which systematically decreased with the increase in pO2 of the annealing atmosphere. Magnetic studies indicated multiple ferromagnetic phase transitions in La2CoMnO6 and a spin‐glass like phase transition in La2MgMnO6. The fraction of ferromagnetic phases of La2CoMnO6 was significantly dependent on the annealing environments. The variations of magnetic and dielectric properties of samples were related to the fluctuation of oxidation state of transition metal ions and oxygen vacancies in the samples.
People Awakening: Collaborative Research to Develop Cultural Strategies for Prevention in Community Intervention
Authors: Allen James , Mohatt Gerald V. , Beehler Sarah , Rowe Hillary L. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe consequences of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and suicide create immense health disparities among Alaska Native people. The People Awakening project is a long‐term collaboration between Alaska Native (AN) communities and university researchers seeking to foster health equity through development of positive solutions to these disparities. These efforts initiated a research relationship that identified individual, family, and community protective factors from AUD and suicide. AN co‐researchers next expressed interest in translating these findings into intervention. This led to development of a strengths‐based community intervention that is the focus of the special issue. The intervention builds these protective factors to prevent AUD and suicide risk within AN youth, and their families and communities. This review provides a critical examination of existing literature and a brief history of work leading to the intervention research. These work efforts portray a shared commitment of university researchers and community members to function as co‐researchers, and to conduct research in accord with local Yup'ik cultural values. This imperative allowed the team to navigate several tensions we locate in a convergence of historical and contemporary ecological contextual factors inherent in AN tribal communities with countervailing constraints imposed by Western science.
Continuity of care in community midwifery
Authors: Bowers John , Cheyne Helen , Mould Gillian , Page Miranda 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Continuity of care is often critical in delivering high quality health care. However, it is difficult to achieve in community health care where shift patterns and a need to minimise travelling time can reduce the scope for allocating staff to patients. Community midwifery is one example of such a challenge in the National Health Service where postnatal care typically involves a series of home visits. Ideally mothers would receive all of their antenatal and postnatal care from the same midwife. Minimising the number of staff-handovers helps ensure a better relationship between mothers and midwives, and provides more opportunity for staff to identify emerging problems over a series of home visits. This study examines the allocation and routing of midwives in the community using a variant of a multiple travelling salesmen problem algorithm incorporating staff preferences to explore trade-offs between travel time and continuity of care. This algorithm was integrated in a simulation to assess the additional effect of staff availability due to shift patterns and part-time working. The results indicate that continuity of care can be achieved with relatively small increases in travel time. However, shift patterns are problematic: perfect continuity of care is impractical but if there is a degree of flexibility in the visit schedule, reasonable continuity is feasible.
The Effect of Prenatal Natural Disaster Exposure on School Outcomes
Authors: Fuller Sarah C. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This study looks at the impact of exposure to natural disasters during pregnancy on the educational outcomes of North Carolina children at the third grade level. A broad literature relates negative birth outcomes to poor educational performance, and a number of recent studies have examined the effect of prenatal exposure to natural disasters on birth outcomes. This study takes the next step by considering how prenatal exposure affects later outcomes. Combining North Carolina administrative data on births and school performance with disaster declarations from the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) allows for the identification of children who were exposed to disasters during prenatal development. These children are compared with other children born in the same county who were not exposed to disasters while in utero. Regression results suggest that children exposed to hurricanes prenatally have lower scores on third grade standardized tests in math and reading. Those exposed to flooding or tornadoes also have somewhat lower math scores. Additionally, results suggest that these negative effects are more concentrated among children in disadvantaged subgroups, especially children born to black mothers. However, no evidence exists that these effects are mediated by common measures of birth outcomes, including birth weight and gestational age.
COLLATERALITY IN EARLY CHINESE COSMOLOGY: AN ARGUMENT FOR CONFUCIAN HARMONY (HE和) ASCREATIO IN SITU
Authors: Ames Roger T. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractOne important benefit of the Guodian and Shanghai Museum slips is the new insights they are providing in our understanding of the early intellectual evolution of classical Chinese philosophy. But there is a second important opportunity that the newly recovered documents provide. Beyond what is new in them, these same materials can be used to qualify, corroborate, and reiterate perhaps old but still undervalued insights into the interpretive context within which we construct our understanding of early China. Indeed, our best interpreters of classical Chinese philosophy are explicit in rejecting the idea that Chinese cosmology begins from some independent, transcendent principle and entails the metaphysical reality/appearance distinction and the plethora of dualistic categories that arise from such a worldview. In fact, the recently recovered Guodian materials provide us with both the resources and the occasion to revisit three related cosmological issues: What is distinctive about classical Chinese cosmogony and its notion of origins? What is the Chinese alternative to the assumptions about our own familiarcreatio ex nihilosource of meaning? And how is “creativity” expressed in the Chinese philosophical vocabulary?
A doubly localized equilibrium solution of plane Couette flow
Authors: Brand E. , Gibson J. F. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe present an equilibrium solution of plane Couette flow that is exponentially localized in both the spanwise and streamwise directions. The solution is similar in size and structure to previously computed turbulent spots and localized, chaotically wandering edge states of plane Couette flow. A linear analysis of dominant terms in the Navier–Stokes equations shows how the exponential decay rate and the wall-normal overhang profile of the streamwise tails are governed by the Reynolds number and the dominant spanwise wavenumber. Perturbations of the solution along its leading eigenfunctions cause rapid disruption of the interior roll-streak structure and formation of a turbulent spot, whose growth or decay depends on the Reynolds number and the choice of perturbation.
Electroelastic Fields Induced by Two Collinear and Energetically Consistent Cracks in a Piezoelectric Layer
Authors: Zhong X.-C. , Lee K.-Y. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWithin the framework of linear piezoelectricity, the problem of two collinear electrically dielectric cracks in a piezoelectric layer is investigated under inplane electro-mechanical loadings. The energetically consistent crack-face boundary conditions are utilized to address the effects of a dielectric inside the cracks on the crack growth. The Fourier transform technique is applied to solve the boundary-value problem. Under the consideration of two-case electromechanical loadings, the electroelastic fields near the inner and outer crack tips are obtained through the Lobatto-Chebyshev collocation method. The special case of two collinear energetically consistent cracks in an infinite piezoelectric solid is analyzed and the closed-form solutions of the crack-tip electroelastic fields are further determined. Numerical results show the variations of stress intensity factors and energy release rates near the inner and outer crack tips on the applied electric fields, the geometry of cracks and the width of the piezoelectric layer in graphics. The observations reveal that the stress intensity factors are dependent not only on the adopted crack-face boundary conditions, but also on the applied mechanical loading.
CARLEMAN ESTIMATE AND UNIQUE CONTINUATION PROPERTY FOR THE LINEAR STOCHASTIC KORTEWEG–DE VRIES EQUATION
Authors: GAO PENG 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we obtain the well posedness of the linear stochastic Korteweg–de Vries equation by the Galerkin method, and then establish the Carleman estimate, leading to the unique continuation property (UCP) for the linear stochastic Korteweg–de Vries equation. This UCP cannot be obtained from the classical Holmgren uniqueness theorem.
DOMINATION BY POSITIVE WEAK DUNFORD–PETTIS OPERATORS ON BANACH LATTICES
Authors: CHEN JIN XI , CHEN ZI LI , JI GUO XING 
Published: June 2014

AbstractRecently, H’michane et al. [‘On the class of limited operators’, Acta Math. Sci. (submitted)] introduced the class of weak$^*$ Dunford–Pettis operators on Banach spaces, that is, operators which send weakly compact sets onto limited sets. In this paper, the domination problem for weak$^*$ Dunford–Pettis operators is considered. Let $S, T:E\to F$ be two positive operators between Banach lattices $E$ and $F$ such that $0\leq S\leq T$. We show that if $T$ is a weak$^{*}$ Dunford–Pettis operator and $F$ is $\sigma $-Dedekind complete, then $S$ itself is weak$^*$ Dunford–Pettis.
Seasonal migration ofCnaphalocrocis medinalis(Lepidoptera: Crambidae) over the Bohai Sea in northern China
Authors: Fu X.-W. , Li C. , Feng H.-Q. , Liu Z.-F. , Chapman J.W. , Reynolds D.R. , Wu K.-M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe rice leaf roller,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis(Guenée), is a serious insect pest of rice with a strong migratory ability. Previous studies on the migration ofC. medinaliswere mostly carried out in tropical or subtropical regions, however, and what the pattern of seasonal movements this species exhibits in temperate regions (i.e. Northern China, where they cannot overwinter) remains unknown. Here we present data from an 11-year study of this species made by searchlight trapping on Beihuang Island (BH, 38°24′N; 120°55′E) in the centre of the Bohai Strait, which provides direct evidence thatC. medinalisregularly migrates across this sea into northeastern agricultural region of China, and to take advantage of the abundant food resources there during the summer season. There was considerable seasonal variation in number ofC. medinalistrapped on BH, and the migration period during 2003–2013 ranged from 72 to 122 days. Some females trapped in June and July showed a relatively higher proportion of mated and a degree of ovarian development suggesting that the migration of this species is not completely bound by the ‘oogenesis-flight syndrome’. These findings revealed a new route forC. medinalismovements to and from Northeastern China, which will help us develop more effective management strategies against this pest.
The microbiota and helminths: sharing the same niche in the human host
Authors: GLENDINNING LAURA , NAUSCH NORMAN , FREE ANDREW , TAYLOR DAVID W. , MUTAPI FRANCISCA 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYHuman gastrointestinal bacteria often share their environment with parasitic worms, allowing physical and physiological interaction between the two groups. Such associations have the potential to affect host health as well as the bacterial and helminth populations. Although still in its early stages, research on the interaction between the microbiome and parasitic helminths in humans offers the potential to improve health by manipulating the microbiome. Previously, supplementation with various nutritional compounds has been found to increase the abundance of potentially beneficial gut commensal bacteria. Thus, nutritional microbiome manipulation to produce an environment which may decrease malnutrition associated with helminth infection and/or aid host recovery from disease is conceivable. This review discusses the influence of the gut microbiota and helminths on host nutrition and immunity and the subsequent effects on the human host's overall health. It also discusses changes occurring in the microbiota upon helminth infections and the underlying mechanisms leading to these changes. There are still significant knowledge gaps which need to be filled before meaningful progress can be made in translating knowledge from studying the human gut microbiome into therapeutic strategies. Ultimately this review aims to discuss our current knowledge as well as highlight areas requiring further investigation.
Optimization of kinematic redundancy and workspace analysis of a dual-arm cam-lock robot
Authors: Jouybari Behnoush Rezaeian , Osgouie Kambiz Ghaemi , Meghdari Ali 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYIn this paper, the problem of obtaining the optimal trajectory of a Dual-Arm Cam-Lock (DACL) robot is addressed. The DACL robot is a reconfigurable manipulator consisting of two cooperative arms, which may act separately. These may also be cam-locked in each other in some links and thus lose some degrees of freedom while gaining higher structural stiffness. This will also decrease their workspace volume. It is aimed to obtain the optimal configuration of the robot and the optimal joint trajectories to minimize the consumed energy for following a specific task space path. The Pontryagin's Minimum Principle is utilized with a shooting method to resolve kinematic redundancy. Numerical examples are investigated to show optimal trajectories in different cam-locked configurations, and the final decision is made based on a selection table of the computed performance indices.
Influence of age, severity of infection, and co-infection on the duration of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) shedding
Authors: MUNYWOKI P. K. , KOECH D. C. , AGOTI C. N. , KIBIRIGE N. , KIPKOECH J. , CANE P. A. , MEDLEY G. F. , NOKES D. J. 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYRSV is the most important viral cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children worldwide and has been associated with significant disease burden. With the renewed interest in RSV vaccines, we provide realistic estimates on duration, and influencing factors on RSV shedding which are required to better understand the impact of vaccination on the virus transmission dynamics. The data arise from a prospective study of 47 households (493 individuals) in rural Kenya, followed through a 6-month period of an RSV seasonal outbreak. Deep nasopharyngeal swabs were collected twice each week from all household members, irrespective of symptoms, and tested for RSV by multiplex PCR. The RSV G gene was sequenced. A total of 205 RSV infection episodes were detected in 179 individuals from 40 different households. The infection data were interval censored and assuming a random event time between observations, the average duration of virus shedding was 11·2 (95% confidence interval 10·1–12·3) days. The shedding durations were longer than previous estimates (3·9–7·4 days) based on immunofluorescence antigen detection or viral culture, and were shown to be strongly associated with age, severity of infection, and revealed potential interaction with other respiratory viruses. These findings are key to our understanding of the spread of this important virus and are relevant in the design of control programmes.
Epidemiological survey of the first case of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in Europe
Authors: FRIÃES A. , RESINA C. , MANUEL V. , LITO L. , RAMIREZ M. , MELO-CRISTINO J. 
Published: June 2014

SUMMARYWe report on the follow-up and epidemiological study triggered by the isolation of the first vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) detected in Europe. The patient and 53 close contacts were screened for S. aureus colonization and all isolates recovered were characterized by multiple molecular typing methods. The VRSA remained confined to the infected foot of the patient and was not detected in any of the close contacts. Nasal colonization with S. aureus was detected in 20 subjects, of whom 15 carried methicilin-susceptible isolates with the remaining five harbouring methicilin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The majority of the isolates belonged to clones that have been previously shown to be prevalent in Portugal, both in the hospital setting and in the community. Only one isolate, an MRSA, was closely related to the VRSA. Like most of the characterized VRSA isolates from other countries, the VRSA isolated in Portugal belonged to clonal complex (CC) 5. Despite the absence of VRSA dissemination, the recent increase in the incidence of lineages belonging to CC5 in some European countries, including Portugal, may result in more frequent opportunities for the emergence of VRSA.