bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is there any difference in markers of peripheral inflammation between different diagnostic categories in patients with psychotic disorders? Contributing to the spectrum-based approach: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Üstün Ezgi Sıla Ahi , Yazıcı Serkan , İlhan Rifat Serav , Can Kazım Cihan , Saka Meram Can 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Psychotic disorders can be conceptualised as a spectrum of severe disorders of reality perception. Increasing evidence suggests that immunological and inflammatory dysfunction may be important across the psychotic spectrum. In this study, we investigated whether there is a difference between different diagnostic groups, in which psychosis is the common pathway, and healthy controls in markers of peripheral inflammation, such as platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), determined by haemogram.
Methods: The electronic records and file information of patients followed up at a university hospital were analysed in this retrospective study. The study sample consisted of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia(n=62), affective disorder(n=54), autism spectrum disorder(n=56), schizoaffective disorder(n=44), who had a history of psychotic episodes. The healthy controls were organ donors with no psychiatric disorder(n=61). The haemogram results of the patients during the remission period were recorded and PLR, NLR, SIRI, SII values were calculated. Groups were compared by one-way ANOVA, and group differences in age and sex were controlled by ANCOVA. Significance level was p<0.050.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in PLR between the groups. After correction for age and sex; NLR and SIRI showed a significant difference between the healthy control group and all groups of patients with psychosis (respectively F=9.324, p<0.001;F=5.190, p<0.001), SII only showed a significant difference between the autism spectrum disorder group and the healthy control group (F=2.686, p=0.032). When the psychosis groups were compared with each other, the PLR, NLR, SIRI and SII levels were similar.
Conclusions: Our results have contributed to the view that inflammation is a transdiagnostic phenomenon in psychotic disorders.
Characteristization and processing of Mbanga U-bearing syenites (South Region, Cameroon): insight from geochemistry, mineralogy, radiometry, and H 2 SO 4 acid leaching
Authors: FODJO Raoul Pierre , KANOUO Nguo Sylvestre , NDONG Francois Bidzang , BASUA Emmanuel Archelaus Afanga 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

U-bearing syenitic rocks cropping at the Mbanga massif in the South Region of Cameroon were geochemically and mineralogially charactarized, before the determination of their radiometric data, and processing of their uranium ores by H2SO4 acid leaching. The syenitic rocks are alkaline syenite, high-K syenite, and alkaline quartz syenite, with the first two rocks being metaluminous and the third, peraluminous. Both rocks show a compositional difference in uranium abundances (133–447 ppm) and those of other elements (exàmples of SiO2 : 61.6–66.6 wt.% and Al2O3 : 16.9–17.9 wt.%). The trace and rare earth element’s suites show the predominance of Sr (157.1–999 ppm) and Zr (111-599.7 ppm). The ƩLREE (37.3–168 ppm), ƩHREE (8.7–22.2 ppm), ƩLREE/ ƩHREE (1.6–13.8), and Eu/Eu* < 0.4 are variable. Found U-ore minerals (uraninite, uranophane, autunite, carnotite, torbernite, and/or coffinite) and other ore minerals (U-rich titanium oxide, zircon, magnetite, and/or ilmenite) are in a gangue made up of chlorite, calcite, quartz, alkaline feldspars, plagioclase, and/or biotite. The uranium contents (< 465 ppm) in the studied U-bearing syenites classify them within low grade ores; suggested to have formed with the aid of circulating hydrothermal fluids source of the precipitated OH, H2O, and OH-H2O bearing uranium ore minerals. The measured raw radiometric values range from 3542–6600 c/s and U3O8, from 0.33–0.59 wt.%. The presence of some minerals in the studied ores and the use of oxidant such as manganese dioxide during the H2SO4 acid leaching, provided elements which positively impact the process by increasing the U extraction with a total recovery of 80–90%. The maximum leaching temperatures 40–60 oC were less, compared to those used to process some other low grade uranium ores.
Reproductive Resilience: Pathways to Gametogenic Success in Montipora capitata after Bleaching
Authors: Timmins-Schiffman E , Duselis E , Brown T , Axworthy JB , Backstrom CH , Riffle M , Dilworth J , Kenkel CD , Rodrigues LF , Nunn BL , Padilla-Gamiño JL 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Thermal bleaching, or the loss of symbiotic algae that provide most energetic resources for the coral host, is an increasing threat to reefs worldwide and is projected to worsen with climate change. While bleaching is a well-recognized threat, the impact on the process of reproduction in bleaching survivors is not well resolved, despite being central to coral resilience. Montipora capitata can survive bleaching while completing a full gametogenic cycle, offering an ideal system to study gametogenic resilience and physiological tradeoffs. We experimentally bleached fragments of M. capitata colonies and followed their gametogenesis and physiological responses for 10 months (six time points). All bleached colonies produced gametes at the same time as controls, suggesting that reproductive processes were energetically prioritized. However, proteomic analysis revealed tradeoffs and delays in activating key physiological processes earlier in gametogenesis in areas such as skeletal growth and reproductive hormone synthesis. Tradeoffs during the gametogenic cycle, likely a direct response to thermal bleaching, resulted in smaller oocytes from bleached colonies, potentially indicating decreased transfer of parental resources to gametes. While gametogenesis is likely to continue in this species, it is unknown how the viability and success of future offspring may be impacted by future bleaching events.
Pure endoscopic clipping of anterior circulation aneurysms through keyhole approach
Authors: Tang Huadong , Niu Pengyuan , Zheng Xialin , Shao Dongqi , Xie Shan , Li Yu , Li Kaixuan , Li Qingshu , Wu Tianyang , Lang Hao , Wu Meiqi , Jiang Zhiquan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective: This retrospective study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of pure endoscopic clipping for anterior circulation aneurysms through the supraorbital keyhole approach and the pterional keyhole approach.
Methods: We included 92 patients with anterior circulation aneurysms, all treated with clipping surgery at The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University. Patients were divided into neuroendoscopic and microscopic groups, based on whether endoscopic or microscopic techniques were used for clipping. We analyzed baseline patient characteristics, surgery-related details, postoperative hospitalization duration, complications, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores 3 months after the operation to assess treatment outcomes.
Results: No significant differences existed between the neuroendoscopic and microscopic groups in statistical indicators, except for patient gender distribution.
Conclusions: Pure neuroendoscopic clipping of anterior circulation aneurysms (≤1cm in diameter, Hunt-Hess grade ≤ III) through supraorbital and pterional keyhole approaches is safe and effective. Its prognosis is comparable to that of the microscopic keyhole approach. Moreover, since the endoscope can provides better light intensity deep in the surgical field, clear close-up images of pathoanatomic details, and wider viewing angles, endoscopic clipping of intracranial aneurysms is more valuable.
Use of Remimazolam for procedural sedation in real-life Digestive Endoscopy
Authors: Conigliaro Rita , Pigò Flavia , Caiazzo Anna , Grande Giuseppe , Russo Salvatore , Cocca Silvia , Lupo Marinella , Marocchi Margherita , Marsico Maria , Sculli Simone , Bertani Helga 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and aim
Remimazolam has proved to be a very promising sedative drug in randomized clinical trials for usage in a wide spectrum of patients, including critically ill ones. The purpose of our study was to verify efficacy and safety of remimazolam for procedural sedation during diagnostic and first level operative endoscopy in a real-world setting.
Methods
This single centre prospective study evaluated sedation regimen with remimazolam for EGDS and fentanyl and remimazolam for colonoscopy in consecutive ASA I-III patients.
Results
71 patients underwent 73 procedures (25 EGDS, 48 colonoscopies) with a total amount of 13.2 ± 8.7 mg and 10.2 ± 6.2 mg of remimazolam administered respectively. In 6 EGDS rescue sedation with propofol was needed. Transient hypotension was frequent (41.7%) and no cases of hypoxia occurred. One case of suspected allergy (erythema of the trunk) without anaphylaxis was reported.
Conclusions
Procedural sedation can be applied with remimazolam without the use of propofol, obtaining effective sedation in colonoscopies while in EGDS remimazolam alone guarantees the result in a percentage of around 70–75% of cases.
Semaphorin 5A promotes Th17 differentiation via PI3K-Akt-mTOR in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Chen Xin , Zhu Lingjiang , Cheng Qi , Dong Yuanji , Xie Yifan , Hua Li , Du Yan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Previously, we reported that serum Semaphorin 5A (Sema5A) levels were increased in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients compared with healthy controls (HC), and elevated Sema5A correlated with disease activity and lupus nephritis in SLE patients. In this study, we aimed to further understand the role of Sema5A in promoting Th17 cells differentiation in SLE.
Methods
Sema5A, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). RNA and protein were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in SLE patients and HC. Expression of PlexinA1 and PlexinB3 were measured by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western Blot. Th cell subsets were detected by flow cytometry. Treatment with recombinant human Sema5A (rhSema5A) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) were employed to examine the in vitro effect of Sema5A in CD4+T cell differentiation in SLE patients.
Results
IL-17A elevated in SLE patients and positively correlated with Sema5A. PlexinA1 was upregulated and mainly expressed in CD4+ T cells of SLE; Sema5A treatment induced the differentiation of Th17 cells, while did not affect the Th1 and Th2 skewing. These effects were associated with an upregulation of the transcription factor RORγt by Th17 cells, but not T-bet or GATA3 in Th1 and Th2 cells, respectively. Knock down PlexinA1 regulates IL-17A production by CD4+T cells. Functional assays showed that Sema5A-PlexinA1 axis promoted Th17 cells differentiation via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling.
Conclusions
These findings demonstrated that Sema5A-PlexinA1 axis acts as a key mediator on Th17 differentiation, suggesting that Sema5A might be a novel therapeutic target in SLE.
Neurovascular changes of the retina and optic nerve head in episodic migraine
Authors: Patzkó Ágnes , Pfund Zoltán , Csutak Adrienne , Tóth Noémi , Kölkedi Zsófia , Kis-Jakab Gréta , Bosnyák Edit , Rozgonyi Renáta , Szalai Eszter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aim: To investigate neurovascular changes; including macular vascular density (VD), thickness of the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and optic nerve head (ONH) parameters in episodic migraine patients.
Patients and methods: 80 eyes of 40 episodic migraine patients were recruited. Thirty patients having a dominant side of migraine headache were statistically analyzed (5 male and 25 female; mean age 31.67 ± 9.54 years) and compared to 25 eyes of 25 healthy volunteers (5 male and 20 female; mean age of 34.4 ± 12.11 years, p=0.361). The posterior segment was imaged with Topcon DRI optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Triton Swept source OCT Topcon, Japan), and OCT angiography (OCTA).
Results: Comparing the dominant side of migraine patients to controls we found a significant decrease of the VD in the central zone of the superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP, p=0.01; DCP, p=0.004) and an enlarged foveal avascular zone (FAZ, p=0.054). The GCL thickness was significantly reduced in the central ring (GCL + p=0.042, GCL + + p=0.029), as well as the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in the temporal quadrant (p=0.021) and border tissue of Elschnig diameter (BTE, p=0.035). The dominant side compared to the non-dominant side showed a significant deterioration of the VD in the inferior (p=0.04) and temporal quadrants (p=0.023); furthermore, a significant decrease in the GCL++ inner ring thickness (p=0.046).
Conclusions: Microvascular damage and consequent structural alterations of the retina and optic nerve head occur in the eyes of episodic migraine patient in association with the lateralization of the headache.
Influence of Aortic Arch Form on Right Ventricular Function After the Norwood Procedure
Authors: Kanaya Tomomitsu , Tsumura Sanae , Miwa Koji , Teguri Yuta 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The outcomes of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) have significantly improved in recent years due to the utilization of the Norwood procedure. Unobstructed outflow through the aortic arch is important for maintaining right ventricular function. Some reports have shown that an aortic arch with a high-degree tapering form leads to increased energy loss; however, the correlation between right ventricular function and the degree of aortic arch tapering remains unknown. This retrospective, single-center analysis aimed to investigate the impact of aortic arch tapering following the Norwood procedure on circulation dynamics and right ventricular function. During the study period, 14 patients who underwent the Norwood procedure for HLHS and enhanced computed tomography before the Glenn procedure were included. The median age of the patients at the time of the Norwood procedure was 30 days (25–269 days), and the median weight was 3.0 kg (2.6–4.4 kg). As an indicator of the degree of tapering of the aortic arch, we used the standard deviation (SD) of the diameters of the ascending aorta, transverse arch, isthmus, and descending aorta (arch SD). There was a significant negative correlation between the cardiac index and arch SD. Furthermore, there was a significant negative correlation between the right ventricular fractional area change and arch SD. In conclusion, an unobstructed and minimally tapered aortic arch is essential for maintaining optimal right ventricular function.
Concrete Road Pavement Quality: The Impact of Tertiary Blending with Cement
Authors: Mishra Umank , Wanjari Rahul , Ray Maya Rajnarayan , Imam Ashhad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

All across the world, concrete is the most often used construction material. Many different building applications use concrete as their main material. Were strength, durability, impermeability, fire and abrasion resistance are required, this is the material of choice. Determine the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths of a concrete mix with M25 grade is the main goal of this work. In addition, Marble Dust (MD) and Micro Silica (MS) are used in part place of cement in the research. Our study covers the process of Tertiar Blending cement with Marble dust (MD) and Micro Silica (MS). Substances call Supplemental cementitious materials (SCMs) are added to concrete to increase its durability and strength. Significant advances in the concrete industry have come from the application of SCMs, including resource conservation, environmental preservation, energy and cost reductions. Use of surplus materials can result in less cement being used. Significant study has been done on using marble dust and micro silica in place of cement, and the results have shown to be good for strength and durability. Currently used, tertiary blending is the process of combining cement with two Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) to improve concrete performance. However, by utilizing a quaternary blend, which can better optimize the properties of concrete, there is possibility for further improvements. The aim of this work is to develop a mixture design for Tertiary Cement Concrete that uses industrial waste products, marble dust and micro silica, as Supplementary Cementitious Materials. The objective is to assess, using water to cement ratios of 0.40, the mechanical characteristics of concrete with a grade of M 25 in moderately exposed situations. Ten combinations in all were made, with different amounts of marble dust (MD) and micro silica (MS). Three groups were formed out of the mixtures, with 6%, 7%, and 8% of Micro Silica (MS) kept constant with MD variances ranging from 5% to 15%. The compressive strength of the concrete mixes including Tertiary mixing—was assessed seven and twenty-eight days after curing. Using 0.6% of Super Plasticizer in the mixture has shown that fresh concrete is workable within the 110–140 mm slump value range. The slump value has been found to reach 140 mm for the combinations with lower blending percentages and a 0.4 water-to- cement ratio. The density of the just mixed concrete is then measured and compared to the density attained after 28 days of curing. Combining 5% Marble Dust (MD) and 8% Micro Silica (MS) with a 0.40 water-to-cement ratio (W/C) produced the best compressive strength. Compressive strength significantly decreased at all phases of growth when Micro Silica was substituted at a rate of 6 to 8% and Marble Dust at a rate of 10 to 15%. Therefore, the concrete mixture including 5% MD and 8% MS replacement can potentially yield superior outcomes, making it a viable and fitting material for rigid pavement.
Exploring the effect of TAD、Cal-TAD and NSA on the hip preservation outcome of the treatment of femoral head necrosis through rotational osteotomy at the base of the femoral neck by using finite element analysis
Authors: Sun Jiahao , Bowen Ma , Zhiyuan chen , Tianwei XIA , Rong SHEN Ji 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background：The calcar referenced tip-apex distance (TAD), calcar referenced tip-apex distance(Cal-TAD), and Neck-shaft Angle (NSA) have demonstrated reliability in predicting the efficacy of internal fixation following femoral neck fracture. Surgical Hip Dislocation Combined with Femoral Neck Rotational Osteotomy (SHD-FNRO) has been established as an effective treatment for femoral neck rotational osteotomy. However, the potential of TAD, Cal-TAD, and NSA as predictive factors for hip preservation outcomes remains unexplored.
Purposes:The prediction value of TAD, Cal-TAD and NSA on hip preservation outcome after SHD-FNRO surgery was discussed by comparing the outcomes of hip preservation in different patients with SHD-FNRO.
Methods: The clinical data of 33 patients (33 hips) who underwent rotational osteotomy at the base of the femoral neck in our hospital from 01/01/2017 to 01/12/2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Immediately after surgery, X-ray measurements were taken to assess TAD, Cal-TAD, and NSA. Subsequently, the patients were categorized into group A (successful hip preservation) and group B (failed hip preservation) for statistical analysis. Three-dimensional models with varying neck angles were constructed to evaluate maximum displacement and changes in osteotomy surface stress.
Results: During an average follow-up period of approximately 40 months, a total of 26 patients achieved survival while 7 patients experienced failure in preserving the hip joint. There was no statistically significant difference observed in terms of TAD and Cal-TAD between the two groups (P>0.05). However, a statistically significant distinction was found in NSA between the two groups (P < 0.05). Biomechanical analysis revealed a close association between NSA and postoperative biomechanical alterations.
Conclusion：The use of TAD and Cal-TAD demonstrated limited impact on the outcome of hip preservation in the treatment of femoral head necrosis with SHD-FNRO, while the magnitude of cervical stem angle exhibited a significant correlation with the success rate of hip preservation. Therefore, it is imperative to accurately measure and adjust the size of the cervical trunk angle during surgery to achieve enhanced postoperative efficacy.
Evaluating the cradle-to-gate Environmental Impact and cooling performance of Advanced Daytime Radiative Cooling Materials to Establish a Comparative Framework for a Novel Photonic Meta-Concrete
Authors: ADAMS NICK , Carlosena Laura , Allacker karen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
By the end of 2050, it is expected that 68% of the population will live in urban areas. A higher density of people living in cities generates an increased urban heat island. Radiative cooling (RC) materials are proposed as a key strategy to mitigate global warming and urban heating. The Horizon 2020 project MIRACLE aims at developing a new RC material based on conventional concrete.
This paper presents a framework developed for comparing both the cradle-to-gate environmental impact and cooling potential of the newly developed photonic meta-concrete (or any other new RC material) with existing RC materials. The framework is applied to various RC materials using the generic Ecoinvent v3.6 database. The impact assessment method is in line with the Belgian life cycle assessment method for buildings and covers the 15 environmental impact categories of the EN15804:A2. The cooling performance is assessed by implementing the material spectral emissivity into a thermal model for Brussels and Madrid.
Results
Collecting sufficient data to model the state-of-the-art RC materials is challenging, requiring numerous data points on materials, production, and performance, leading to many assumptions due to a lack of data. The study showed that the sputtering process contributes over 75% to the environmental impact of several materials, while materials which do not use this process, have significantly lower impacts. The assessment of the cooling potential showed that convection heat gains make it difficult to create an all-year round cooling material. The comparison with a conventional building material, a concrete roof tile, hence shows great potential for these RC materials as heating gains during summer are significantly reduced. Analysing cooling performance alongside environmental impact, the study identified two RC materials as the most preferred in both Brussels and Madrid, considering their lower environmental impact and superior performance.
Conclusions
A standardised way to asses and benchmark RC materials based on their cradle-to-gate environmental impact and cooling performance was lacking. For the first time, a comparison for RC materials considering these characteristics is presented. This comparison identified the most competitive RC materials, which will serve as benchmarks for the newly developed photonic meta-concrete.