bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Actualités sur la pathologie virale du canard de barbarie Cairina moschata en élevage professionnel de chair - exemple de la parvovirose
Authors: Lemiere Stéphane 
Published: October 2014

Update on viral pathology of professional meatproducing muscovy ducks, species cairina moschata – Example of duck parvovirosis
Muscovy duck viral pathology is made of four different entities widely described in the scientific literature, the duck plague, the oldest described, and the circovirosis, an immunosuppressive disease of the duck ; the reovirosis and the parvovirosis have a more important impact in field conditions and are at the origin of major economic losses. This last disease seems to be associated with a genetically very stable virus, at least for a genetic segment coding for the major viral antigen, the VP1 viral protein.
La santé animale perçue à la lumière de l’écologie et de l’évolution
Authors: Pontier Dominique , Fouchet David 
Published: October 2014

Animal health perceived in the light of ecology and evolution
Infectious diseases remain a major cause of animal mortality and morbidity. Global changes, including fragmentation of habitats of many animal species, modify the ecology of host-parasite relationships and the selection pressures on infectious agents, introducing high uncertainty about the impact and evolution of these diseases. In such a context, it is important to integrate ecology and evolutionary science to animal health issues for a better understanding and a better management of infectious diseases. From our work we illustrate the contribution of an eco-evolutionary vision of infectious diseases in animals. The first two examples illustrate the importance of including eco-evolutionary dimension to the understanding and management of infectious animal diseases. The last two sections show that, in turn, the data collected in the field can also provide fundamental knowledge on important issues that are often addressed in the laboratory. Given their complexity, these issues can only be addressed by iterating back and forth between experimental data and mathematical modeling.
Methylated TIMP-3 DNA in Body Fluids Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yu Jiang-Liu , Lv Ping , Han Jing , Zhu Xin , Hong Lian-Lian , Zhu Wang-Yu , Wang Xin-Bao , Wu Yi-Chen , Li Pei , Ling Zhi-Qiang 
Published: October 2014

ContextFluid methylated DNA may be a suitable biomarker for cancer patients.ObjectiveTo investigate whether circulating methylated tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP-3) DNA in body fluids is a useful prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer (GC).DesignTIMP-3 methylation was detected by real-time methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in tumor tissues, paired preoperative peritoneal washes (PPWs), and paired serum samples from 92 GC patients.ResultsThe frequency of TIMP-3 methylation was significantly elevated in GC tissues (63.04%; 58 of 92) compared with that in paired adjacent normal tissue (4.3%; 4 of 92) (P &lt; .001). TIMP-3 methylation correlated closely with peritoneal metastasis and TNM stage (all P &lt; .001). The frequency of TIMP-3 methylation in preoperative peritoneal washes and serum samples was 53.3% (49 of 92) and 58.7% (54 of 92), respectively. The Aζ values of the receiver operator characteristic curve for methylated TIMP-3 were 0.966 and 0.922 for serum and preoperative peritoneal washes, respectively, compared with those in GC tissues. The patients with elevated methylated TIMP-3 levels in body fluids had poorer disease-free survival rates than those without (all P &lt; .001). Cox regression analysis showed that detection of methylated TIMP-3 DNA in body fluids was an independent risk factor for GC patients, with a remarkable decrease in disease-free survival 30 months after surgical resection of the gastric tumor.ConclusionPresence of methylated TIMP-3 DNA in body fluids is a useful biomarker for predicting the progression and prognosis of GC patients.
Use of a Cytokine-Release Assay to Demonstrate Loss of Platelet Secretory Capacity During Blood Bank Processing and Storage
Authors: Tormey Christopher A. , Stack Gary 
Published: October 2014

ContextThe extent to which changes in secretory function contribute to the storage lesion of platelets (PLTs) prepared for transfusion is not well described.ObjectiveTo develop a cytokine-release assay for the assessment of PLT secretory capacity during the preparation and storage of PLTs.DesignSmall volumes of PLT-rich plasma and PLT concentrate (PC) were prepared from whole blood (WB; N = 4 donors). Aliquots of WB, PLT-rich plasma, and PC were treated with 20 μM adenosine diphosphate or saline (control). Samples of WB-derived PCs obtained from a regional blood center were similarly stimulated at various storage times (N = 10 units). Plasma levels of RANTES (chemokine ligand 5; regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) and PLT aggregation were measured following agonist addition.ResultsAdenosine diphosphate stimulated RANTES release from PLTs in fresh WB on average by 4.1-fold (P &lt; .001), in PLT-rich plasma by 4.7-fold (P = .002), and in PC by 1.3-fold (P &lt; .001). For blood center PCs, adenosine diphosphate failed to stimulate RANTES release at day 2 of storage or later (P ≥ .31). Baseline RANTES levels in the plasma/supernatant increased 660% during PC preparation (P = .02) and an additional 30% during subsequent storage (P &lt; .001). Mean PLT aggregation decreased during processing from WB (95.6%) to PC (60.5%; P = .04). For blood center PCs, mean PLT aggregation decreased substantially from days 2 (41.0%) to 7 (2.3%; P &lt; .001).ConclusionsA cytokine-release assay revealed a diminution in PLT secretory capacity during PC processing and storage, with complete elimination by day 2 of storage. Loss of PLT aggregability occurred more slowly. The cytokine-release assay may be a useful endpoint for optimizing PLT preparation and storage.
A Massive Suspension Culture System With Metabolic Purification for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Hemmi Natsuko , Tohyama Shugo , Nakajima Kazuaki , Kanazawa Hideaki , Suzuki Tomoyuki , Hattori Fumiyuki , Seki Tomohisa , Kishino Yoshikazu , Hirano Akinori , Okada Marina , Tabei Ryota , Ohno Rei , Fujita Chihana , Haruna Tomoko , Yuasa Shinsuke , Sano Motoaki , Fujita Jun , Fukuda Keiichi 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Cardiac regenerative therapy with human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), such as human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, has been hampered by the lack of efficient strategies for expanding functional cardiomyocytes (CMs) to clinically relevant numbers. The development of the massive suspension culture system (MSCS) has shed light on this critical issue, although it remains unclear how hPSCs could differentiate into functional CMs using a MSCS. The proliferative rate of differentiating hPSCs in the MSCS was equivalent to that in suspension cultures using nonadherent culture dishes, although the MSCS provided more homogeneous embryoid bodies (EBs), eventually reducing apoptosis. However, pluripotent markers such as Oct3/4 and Tra-1-60 were still expressed in EBs 2 weeks after differentiation, even in the MSCS. The remaining undifferentiated stem cells in such cultures could retain a strong potential for teratoma formation, which is the worst scenario for clinical applications of hPSC-derived CMs. The metabolic purification of CMs in glucose-depleted and lactate-enriched medium successfully eliminated the residual undifferentiated stem cells, resulting in a refined hPSC-derived CM population. In colony formation assays, no Tra-1-60-positive colonies appeared after purification. The nonpurified CMs in the MSCS produced teratomas at a rate of 60%. However, purified CMs never induced teratomas, and enriched CMs showed proper electrophysiological properties and calcium transients. Overall, the combination of a MSCS and metabolic selection is a highly effective and practical approach to purify and enrich massive numbers of functional CMs and provides an essential technique for cardiac regenerative therapy with hPSC-derived CMs.
L’appréciation de l’environnement d’études et la manière d’étudier des étudiants
Authors: Paivandi Saeed 
Published: October 2014

Le texte propose d’analyser les résultats de l’enquête triennale de l’Observatoirede la vie étudiante national en France (OVE), réalisée en 2010 sur un échantillonreprésentatif de 33 009 étudiants inscrits dans les différentes filières de l’enseignementsupérieur. Le questionnaire de l’OVE aborde, notamment, les pratiquesd’études et le contexte pédagogique des établissements en demandant aux étudiantsd’évaluer les différents aspects de leur environnement d’études. Les donnéesde cette enquête permettent de tester si les variables contextuelles exercentune influence sur l’attitude étudiante vis-à-vis des études. Trois variables compositessont utilisées pour examiner le rapport à l’environnement d’études : ledispositif pédagogique, la qualité pédagogique et le contexte humain. L’analysestatistique révèle l’existence d’une corrélation significative entre ces trois dimensionsdu contexte pédagogique et les manières d’étudier. L’attitude étudiante tendà changer avec le contexte : l’évaluation subjective de l’étudiant est susceptiblede devenir un vecteur important de son engagement et constitue la médiationentre le contexte et sa façon de concevoir et de pratiquer son investissement studieux.
Turning the World Inside Out: Situating JR’s Wish within Cultures of Participation
Authors: Orpana Jennifer 
Published: October 2014

En 2011, l’artiste de rue et photographe JR lance un défi à l’auditoire de la conférence TED : l’aider à la réalisation de son projet Inside Out en participant à des projets de montage de portraits publics qui viseront à générer un dialogue, susciter la sensibilisation, raconter des histoires ou rendre les communautés visibles. Trois ans plus tard, avec plus de 196,500 portraits affichés dans le monde entier, 902 actions de groupe et un flot constant de nouveaux projets publiés sur le site web et la page Facebook de Inside Out, ce phénomène mondial continue de croître. Cet article situe Inside Out parmi les cultures de participation qui ont émergé depuis les années 1990. De plus, il explique comment l’impact et les conséquences du néolibéralisme mondial ont contribué à établir les conditions dans lesquelles les actions de groupe de Inside Out peuvent se développer.
Infractions à certaines dispositions de la Loi sur les normes du travail : analyse selon les formes d’emploi1
Authors: Dumaine Jean-Nickolas , Perreault Maxime 
Published: October 2014

Plusieurs recherches ont mis en lumière la détérioration des conditions de travail associées à certaines formes d’emploi atypiques et l’incapacité des normes minimales du travail québécoises à offrir une protection équivalente à tous les types de travailleurs. Cet article évalue la mise en oeuvre de certaines dispositions de la Loi sur les normes du travail (LNT) en fonction de différentes formes d’emploi. Les données sont issues d’un sondage mené en 2010 auprès de 3 413 salariés québécois non syndiqués. Les résultats montrent que l’emploi temporaire est associé à un plus grand risque d’infractions à certaines dispositions de la LNT.
Interactions between reactive nitrogen and the Canadian landscape: A budget approach
Authors: Clair Thomas A. , Pelletier Nathan , Bittman Shabtai , Leip Adrian , Arp Paul , Moran Michael D. , Dennis Ian , Niemi David , Sterling Shannon , Drury Craig F. , Yang Jingyi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe movement of excess reactive nitrogen (Nr) from anthropogenic activities to natural ecosystems has been described as one of the most serious environmental threats facing modern society. One of the approaches for tracking this movement is the use of budgets that quantify fluxes. We constructed an Nr budget for Canada using measured and modeled values from the scientific literature, government databases, and data from new agri‐environmental indicators, in order to produce information for policy makers and scientists to understand the major flows of nitrogen to allow a better assessment of risks to the Canadian environment. We divided the Canadian territory south of 60°N into areas dominated by natural ecosystems, as well as by agricultural and urban/industrial activities to evaluate Nr flows within, between, and out of these units. We show that Canada is a major exporter of Nr due to the availability of inexpensive commercial fertilizers. The large land area suitable for agriculture makes Canada a significant agricultural Nr exporter of both grain crops and livestock. Finally, Canada exports petroleum N mainly to the United States. Because of its location and prevailing atmospheric transport patterns, Canada is a net receptor of Nr air pollution from the United States, receiving approximately 20% of the Nr leaving the U.S. airshed. We found that overall, terrestrial natural ecosystems as well as the atmosphere are in balance between Nr inputs and outputs when all N reactive and nonreactive fluxes are included. However, when only reactive forms are considered, almost 50% of N entering the Canadian atmosphere cannot be accounted for and is assumed to be lost to the Atlantic and Arctic oceans or to unmeasured dry deposition. However, agricultural and freshwater landscapes are showing large differences between measured inputs and outputs of N as our data suggest that denitrification in soils and aquatic systems is larger than what models predict. Our work also shows that Canada is a major contributor to the global flow of nitrogen through commercial exports.
Magnetic field topology for northward IMF reconnection: Ion observations
Authors: Fuselier S. A. , Petrinec S. M. , Trattner K. J. , Lavraud B. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIon observations from the Cluster spacecraft are used to investigate magnetopause reconnection for northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) conditions. When the spacecraft cross the magnetopause and enter the magnetosphere at low latitudes, equatorward of the magnetospheric cusps, multiple ion populations of magnetosheath origin are almost always observed. The bulk flow velocities of these separate populations are consistent with their entry at high northern and southern latitudes. Furthermore, characteristics of the pitch angle distributions provide a means to estimate the entry point of the magnetosheath ions and the relative timing of the reconnections in opposite hemispheres. In the example presented, these entry points are poleward of both magnetospheric cusps, and the reconnections are separated by minutes. In a survey of magnetopause crossing events, most ion observations and associated electron observations are consistent with this dual‐lobe reconnection process as long as the reconnections are separated in time by several minutes. A small percentage of events are not consistent with this reconnection model and may indicate reconnection at other locations, such as equatorward of the cusp.
Stereo‐specific LC and LC‐MS bioassays of antidepressants and psychotics
Authors: Nageswara Rao R. , Guru Prasad K. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTStereochemistry in drug action is gaining importance because the enantiomers often differ in their biological activity and pharmacokinetic profiles. The use of racemic drugs may contribute to adverse effects owing to the presence of either inactive or toxic enantiomers. Most of the drugs currently used to treat psychiatric disorders, including depression, contain one or more chiral centers and are mostly sold as racemates. Single‐enantiomer drugs provide greater selectivity for their biological targets, improved therapeutic indices and better pharmacokinetics compared with racemates. Therefore it is of great importance to monitor body fluid/tissue levels of drugs used to treat depression and psychiatric disorders. The present manuscript gives an overview of liquid chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques reported during 2000–2013 for enantiomeric separation of various classes of antidepressants, viz. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors, nonamphetamine central nervous system stimulants, serotonin and dopamine inhibitors and γ‐aminobutyric acid receptor agonists in biological matrices. Techniques used for extraction, separation and quantification are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantification of malondialdehyde by HPLC‐FL – application to various biological samples
Authors: Domijan Ana‐Marija , Ralić Jovica , Radić Brkanac Sandra , Rumora Lada , Žanić‐Grubišić Tihana 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMalondialdehyde (MDA) is stabile product of lipid peroxidation (LPO), and therefore MDA is frequently used as a biomarker of LPO. To determine MDA level in various biological samples (human plasma, fish liver tissue and cells in culture), we used an HPLC method with fluorescent detection based on 2‐thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay. The method was validated by the use of spiked pooled plasma samples. In tested concentration range (0.15–3.0 µmol/L) the method was linear (R2 = 0.9963), the between‐day variability (coefficient of variations, CVs) was between 4.7 and 7.6%, the within‐day variability CVs was between 2.6 and 6.4% and recovery was between 91.2 and 107.6%. The level of MDA in human plasma (healthy male, non‐smokers, 46.3 ± 4.7 years; N = 38) was 2.2 ± 1.4 µmol/L; that in liver tissue of common carp (Cyprinus carpio; N = 12) was 0.02 ± 0.004 µmol/g tissue, and in cultured cells (human laryngeal carcinoma cells; N = 10) it was 0.18 ± 0.02 nmol/mg proteins. The HPLC‐FL method is rapid, accurate and reliable to follow the extent of LPO in various biological samples, particularly in samples in which a low level of MDA is expected, such as cells in culture. Owing to the rapid analytical process and run time, it can be used for routine analysis of MDA in clinical laboratory. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Dual Reporter System for Detecting RNA Interactions in Bacterial Cells
Authors: Kuryllo Kacper , Jahanshahi Shahrzad , Zhu Weijia , Brown Eric D. , Li Yingfu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDetecting RNA–partner interactions in cells is often difficult due to a lack of suitable tools. Here we describe a dual reporter system capable of detecting intracellular interactions in which one of the partners is an RNA. The system utilizes two fluorescent proteins with similar maturation rates but distinct spectral properties, specifically cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) and yellow fluorescent protein (YFP). By placing the CFP gene upstream and the YFP gene downstream of an RNA gene of interest, the production of YFP becomes sensitive to RNA–partner interaction, whereas the synthesis of CFP is not disturbed. Therefore, the RNA–partner interaction can be simply measured by the change in the ratio of fluorescence of YFP over CFP. The utility of our approach is demonstrated through verification of three known RNA–partner interactions in the model bacterium Escherichia coli. Our two‐reporter strategy should be broadly useful to the study of RNA‐targeted interactions in bacteria.
Methane Catalytic Combustion over Hierarchical Pd@CeO2/Si‐Al2O3: Effect of the Presence of Water
Authors: Monai Matteo , Montini Tiziano , Chen Chen , Fonda Emiliano , Gorte Raymond J. , Fornasiero Paolo 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe influence of water vapor on methane catalytic combustion was studied over a Pd@CeO2/Si‐Al2O3 catalyst, carefully designed to maximize Pd‐CeO2 interaction and prevent metal sintering and compared to a conventional impregnated catalyst with identical chemical composition. Although the nanostructured Pd@CeO2/Si‐Al2O3 catalyst is thermally stable, the addition of water to the reaction feed leads to a transient deactivation at low temperatures, consistent with the well documented competitive adsorption. In addition to this, the hierarchically structured catalyst exhibits an additional severe deactivation after methane oxidation in the presence of water vapor at 600 °C that can be reversed only by heating the catalyst above 700 °C. The presence of water in the reaction feed deactivates the conventional impregnated catalyst less severely and the activity largely returns upon water removal. Catalytic FTIR and CO‐chemisorption data indicate that this severe deactivation process in the hierarchical catalyst is due to the formation of stable OH groups on the surface of the ceria nanoparticles. These hydroxyl groups are suggested to significantly inhibit the oxygen spillover from the CeO2 nanoparticles to Pd, preventing its efficient re‐oxidation, as observed by operando X‐ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) experiments. At the same time, their presence can contribute to limit the gas phase accessibility of Pd, as indicated by the decrease of CO chemisorption capability. The presence of hydroxyls plays a minor role on the deactivation of the conventional catalyst at 600 °C.
A Linker‐Mediated Self‐Assembly Method to Couple Isocharged Nanostructures: Layered Double Hydroxide–CdS Nanohybrids with High Activity for Visible‐Light‐Induced H2 Generation
Authors: Lee Jang Mee , Gunjakar Jayavant L. , Ham Yeilin , Kim In Young , Domen Kazunari , Hwang Seong‐Ju 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe electrostatically derived self‐assembly of cationic Zn‐Cr‐layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets and cationic CdS quantum dots (QDs) with anionic linkers leads to the formation of strongly coupled Zn‐Cr‐LDH–CdS nanohybrids. The hybridization with Zn‐Cr‐LDH leads to significant enhancement of the photocatalytic activity of CdS for visible‐light‐induced H2 generation, a property that is attributed to the depression of electron–hole recombination. In comparison with a direct hybridization method between oppositely charged species, this linker‐mediated method provides greater flexibility in controlling the chemical composition and electronic coupling of the nanohybrids. The present hybridization strategy provides a useful method not only to couple two kinds of isocharged nanostructured materials, but also to explore efficient hybrid‐type photocatalysts.
Lewis and Brønsted Acid Cocatalyzed Reductive Deoxyallenylation of Propargylic Alcohols with 2‐Nitrobenzenesulfonylhydrazide
Authors: Liu Zhaohong , Liao Peiqiu , Bi Xihe 
Published: October 2014

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Prof. Xihe Bi at Northeast Normal University, China. The cover illustrates the reductive deoxyallenylation of challenging sterically hindered tertiary propargylic alcohols, through the reaction with 2‐nitrobenzenesulfonylhydrazide (NBSH), by the combined use of FeF3 and HOTf catalysts. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201404692.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure and Physical Properties of Ternary Phases Around the Composition Cu5Sn2Se7 with Tetrahedral Coordination of Atoms.
Authors: Fan Jing , Carrillo‐Cabrera Wilder , Antonyshyn Iryna , Prots Yurii , Veremchuk Igor , Schnelle Walter , Drathen Christina , Chen Lidong , Grin Yuri 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPolycrystalline Cu5Sn2Se7 is prepared from the elements (evacuated quartz ampoule, 1173 K, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Bulk Silicon Crystals with the High Boron Content, Si1—x Bx: Two Semiconductors Form an Unusual Metal.
Authors: Ovsyannikov Sergey V. , Gou Huiyang , Karkin Alexander E. , Shchennikov Vladimir V. , Wirth Richard , Dmitriev Vladimir , Nakajima Yoichi , Dubrovinskaia Natalia , Dubrovinsky Leonid S. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBulk diamond‐structured Si1‐xBx alloys (x ≤ 2.4 at.%) are prepared by high‐temperature/high‐pressure synthesis using Si and β‐Boron crystals (hexagonal BN capsules in multi‐anvil press, 1573—1973 K, 3—20 GPa, 1—2 h).