bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between a Standardized Tackling Proficiency Test and Match-Play Tackle Performance in Semiprofessional Rugby League Players
Authors: Speranza Michael J.A. , Gabbett Tim J. , Johnston Rich D. , Sheppard Jeremy M. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose:
This study examined the relationships between tackling ability, playing position, muscle strength and power qualities, and match-play tackling performance in semiprofessional rugby league players.

Methods:
Sixteen semiprofessional rugby league players (mean ± SD age 23.8 ± 1.9 y) underwent tests for muscle strength and power. Tackling ability of the players was tested using video analysis of a standardized 1-on-1 tackling drill. After controlling for playing position, players were divided into “good tackler” or “poor tackler” groups based on the median split of the results of the 1-on-1 tackling drill. A total of 4547 tackles were analyzed from video recordings of 23 matches played throughout the season.

Results:
Maximal squat was significantly associated with tackling ability (rS = .71, P < .05) and with the proportion of dominant tackles (rS = .63, P < .01). Forwards performed more tackles (P = .013, ES = 1.49), with a lower proportion of missed tackles (P = .03, ES = 1.38) than backs. Good tacklers were involved in a larger proportion of dominant tackles and smaller proportion of missed tackles than poor tacklers.

Conclusions:
These findings demonstrate that lower-body strength contributes to more effective tackling performance during both a standardized tackling assessment and match play. Furthermore, players with good tackling ability in a proficiency test were involved in a higher proportion of dominant tackles and missed a smaller proportion of tackles during match play. These results provide further evidence of the practical utility of an off-field tackling assessment in supplying information predictive of tackling performance in competition.
Relationships Between Pacing Parameters and Performance of Elite Male 1500-m Swimmers
Authors: Lipinska Patrycja , Allen Sian V. , Hopkins Will G. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose:Pacing has a substantial effect on endurance performance. The authors characterize pacing and identify its parameters for optimal performance in 1500-m freestyle swimming.Methods:Web sites provided 50-m lap and 1500-m race times for 330 swims of 24 elite male swimmers. Pacing for each swim was characterized with 7 parameters derived from a general linear model: linear and quadratic coefficients for the effect of lap number; reductions from predicted time for first, second, penultimate, and last laps; and lap-time variability. Scatter plots of race time vs each parameter for each swimmer were used to identify optimum values of parameters.Results:Most scatterplots showed only weak relationships between the parameter and performance, but one-third to one-half of swimmers had an optimum value of the parameter that was substantially different from their mean value. A large improvement in performance time (1.4% ± 0.9%, mean ± SD) could be achieved generally by reversing the sign of the linear parameter to make the slowest lap occur earlier in the race. Small to moderate improvements might also accrue by changing the quadratic parameter, by making the first and second laps slower and the penultimate and last laps faster, and reducing lap-time variability.Conclusions:This approach to analysis of pacing may help improve performance in swimmers and other endurance athletes in sports with multiple laps, but data from many competitions are required.
Evaluation of the Methods and Management of Acute Coronary Events (EMMACE)-3: protocol for a longitudinal study
Authors: Alabas O A , West R M , Gillott R G , Khatib R , Hall A S , Gale C P 
Published: June 2015

IntroductionPatients with cardiovascular disease are living longer and are more frequently accessing healthcare resources. The Evaluation of the Methods and Management of Acute Coronary Events (EMMACE)-3 national study is designed to improve understanding of the effect of quality of care on health-related outcomes for patients hospitalised with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods and analysisEMMACE-3 is a longitudinal study of 5556 patients hospitalised with an ACS in England. The study collects repeated measures of health-related quality of life, information about medications and patient adherence profiles, a survey of hospital facilities, and morbidity and mortality data from linkages to multiple electronic health records. Together with EMMACE-3X and EMMACE-4, EMMACE-3 will assimilate detailed information for about 13 000 patients across more than 60 hospitals in England.Ethics and disseminationEMMACE-3 was given a favourable ethical opinion by Leeds (West) Research Ethics committee (REC reference: 10/H131374). On successful application, study data will be shared with academic collaborators. The findings from EMMACE-3 will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, at scientific conferences, the media, and through patient and public involvement.Study registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT01808027. Information about the study is also available at EMMACE.org.
Clinical cardiovascular risk during young adulthood in offspring of hypertensive pregnancies: insights from a 20-year prospective follow-up birth cohort
Authors: Davis Esther F , Lewandowski Adam J , Aye Christina , Williamson Wilby , Boardman Henry , Huang Rae-Chi , Mori Trevor A , Newnham John , Beilin Lawrence J , Leeson Paul 
Published: June 2015

ObjectivesOffspring of hypertensive pregnancies have increased cardiovascular risk factors during childhood. We hypothesised that offspring of hypertensive pregnancies would demonstrate increased clinical levels of hypertension by young adult life, which would be proportional to the severity of the pregnancy complication.DesignProspective birth cohort studySettingTertiary obstetric hospital.Participants2868 young adult offspring of women enrolled during pregnancy into the Western Australia Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study.Main outcome measuresCardiovascular risk, including incidence of hypertension and metabolic disease, in those born to hypertensive compared to normotensive pregnancies.ResultsYoung adult offspring of hypertensive pregnancies were 2.5 times (95% CI 1.32 to 4.56, p=0.004) more likely to have global lifetime risk (QRISK) scores above the 75th centile. Thirty per cent of 20 year olds with hypertensive blood pressures were born following a hypertensive pregnancy. Pre-eclampsia or hypertension resulting in preterm birth associated with a threefold (95% CI 1.3 to 7.0, p=0.01) greater risk of being hypertensive by age 20 years, with no differences in body mass index. Whereas pregnancy-induced hypertension associated with a smaller 3±1 mm Hg blood pressure rise (p=0.001) and a twofold (95% CI 1.5 to 2.8, p=0.001) greater risk of being obese or overweight. Risk factor associations were consistent throughout early life and independent of other birth-factors.ConclusionsIncidence of offspring hypertension was significantly increased in those whose mothers had a more complicated pregnancy history, including preterm birth and pre-eclampsia.
Prevalence and prognostic impact of chronic kidney disease in STEMI from a gender perspective: data from the SWEDEHEART register, a large Swedish prospective cohort
Authors: Sederholm Lawesson Sofia , Alfredsson Joakim , Szummer Karolina , Fredrikson Mats , Swahn Eva 
Published: June 2015

ObjectivesGender differences in prevalence and prognostic impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have been poorly evaluated. In STEMI, female gender has been independently associated with an increased risk of mortality. CKD has been found to be an important prognostic marker in myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to evaluate gender differences in prevalence and prognostic impact of CKD on short-term and long-term mortality.DesignProspective observational cohort study.SettingThe national quality register SWEDEHEART was used. In the beginning of the study period, 94% of the Swedish coronary care units contributed data to the register, which subsequently increased to 100%. The glomerular filtration rate was estimated (eGFR) according to Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study (MDRD) and Cockcroft-Gault (CG).ParticipantsAll patients with STEMI registered in SWEDEHEART from the years 2003–2009 were included (37 991 patients, 66% men).Main resultsWomen had 1.6 (MDRD) to 2.2 (CG) times higher multivariable adjusted risk of CKD. Half of the women had CKD according to CG. CKD was associated with 2–2.5 times higher risk of in-hospital mortality and approximately 1.5 times higher risk of long-term mortality in both genders. Each 10 mL/min decline of eGFR was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital and long-term mortality (22–33% and 9–16%, respectively) and this did not vary significantly by gender. Both in-hospital and long-term mortality were doubled in women. After multivariable adjustment including eGFR, there was no longer any gender difference in early outcome and the long-term outcome was better in women.ConclusionsAmong patients with STEMI, female gender was independently associated with CKD. Reduced eGFR was a strong independent risk factor for short-term and long-term mortality without a significant gender difference in prognostic impact and seems to be an important reason why women have higher mortality than men with STEMI.
Sea Lion Field, North Falkland Basin: seismic inversion and quantitative interpretation
Authors: Francis A. , Lewis M. , Booth C. 
Published: June 2015

Extensive use has been made of seismic-derived quantitative interpretation for mapping and predicting reservoir properties in the Sea Lion Field, North Falkland Basin. The Sea Lion sands are acoustically hard compared to the encasing shales, with fairly constant rock properties. The fans are typically 20–60 m in thickness and are predominantly seismically tuned events. Detection of hydrocarbon fluid effects from seismic data has proved elusive to date.

Extended elastic impedance (EEI) was selected as the appropriate seismic analysis tool. Almost all sands are visible on the full-stack seismic data. Coloured inversion of an EEI volume with a rotation angle (
χ
) of −70° (henceforth shown as EEI(−70)) was found to be an optimal sand predictor and is primarily sensitive to the shale volume of the sands. This EEI
χ
angle also allows detection of sand that is not observed on the full-stack seismic.

The EEI(−70) coloured inversion data were also used to estimate net sand thickness and the net-to-gross maps of the fans. Subsequently, a new algorithm termed DT-AMP was used to apply seismic amplitude detuning to the full three-dimensional (3D) seismic volume. This has proved useful in the evaluation of new exploration targets beyond the Sea Lion Field area.
A sand classification was performed using multiple EEI attributes, including lithology and fluid cubes. This indicates that there are differences in the amplitude v. offset (AVO) response across the main Sea Lion fan complex.
Pre-stack simultaneous inversion was also performed using both deterministic and stochastic schemes. A three-term inversion was tested but density estimation was considered to be unreliable.
Seismic data were tested at several stages to constrain the static reservoir model, using coloured, deterministic and stochastic inversion methods. The final static model incorporated a set of scenarios using net-to-gross maps inferred from the quantitative analysis of the EEI(−70) data.
Strong clockwise block rotation of the Ali-Sabieh/Aïsha Block: evidence for opening of the Afar Depression by a ‘saloon-door’ mechanism
Authors: Kidane Tesfaye 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Palaeomagnetic investigations were carried out on tilted Jessoma sandstones in the Aïsha block. The average natural remanent magnetization intensity was 0.026A m
−1
with good behaviour on demagnetization both by thermal and alternating fields. The normalized magnetization intensity decay curves indicated that fine-grained, Ti-poor titanomagnetites were the carriers of magnetization. A well-defined single-component magnetization with a poorly defined secondary component was found. The latter was removed at temperatures below 300°C or at 10 mT. After these steps, a straight-line segment directed towards the origin was identified, which was interpreted as the characteristic remanent magnetization. Site mean direction coordinates of Dec
g
=227.8°, Inc
g
=–33.9° (
n
=7, α
95
=2.8°,
K
=478) (
in situ
) and Dec
s
=225.6°, Inc
s
=0.4° (
n
=7, α
95
=2.8°,
K
=478) (tilt-corrected) were obtained. Corresponding mean virtual geomagnetic pole coordinates of Lon
g
=117.5° E, Lat
g
=43.3° N (
A
95
=3.2°,
n
=7) (
in situ
) and Lon
s
=143.5° E, Lat
s
=43.3° N (
A
95
=2.8°,
n
=7) (tilt-corrected) were obtained. The corrected
in situ
mean pole position was compared with the African apparent polar wander path curve and a deposition age for the sandstone of 60±5 Ma was determined, which is consistent with previous reports. A vertical axis rotation (
R
±Δ
R
) of the Aïsha block of 29.1±4.06° was obtained, which is equivalent to an inferred 30° counterclockwise rotation of the Danakil block, in agreement with a ‘saloon-door’ mechanism for the opening of the Afar Depression.
Macitentan, a Dual Endothelin Receptor Antagonist, in Combination with Temozolomide Leads to Glioblastoma Regression and Long-term Survival in Mice
Authors: Kim Sun-Jin , Lee Ho Jeong , Kim Mark Seungwook , Choi Hyun Jin , He Junqin , Wu Qiuyu , Aldape Kenneth , Weinberg Jeffrey S. , Yung W.K. Alfred , Conrad Charles A. , Langley Robert R. , Lehembre François , Regenass Urs , Fidler Isaiah J. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Purpose: The objective of the study was to determine whether astrocytes and brain endothelial cells protect glioma cells from temozolomide through an endothelin-dependent signaling mechanism and to examine the therapeutic efficacy of the dual endothelin receptor antagonist, macitentan, in orthotopic models of human glioblastoma.
Experimental Design: We evaluated several endothelin receptor antagonists for their ability to inhibit astrocyte- and brain endothelial cell–induced protection of glioma cells from temozolomide in chemoprotection assays. We compared survival in nude mice bearing orthotopically implanted LN-229 glioblastomas or temozolomide-resistant (LN-229Res and D54Res) glioblastomas that were treated with macitentan, temozolomide, or both. Tumor burden was monitored weekly with bioluminescence imaging. The effect of therapy on cell division, apoptosis, tumor-associated vasculature, and pathways associated with cell survival was assessed by immunofluorescent microscopy.
Results: Only dual endothelin receptor antagonism abolished astrocyte- and brain endothelial cell–mediated protection of glioma cells from temozolomide. In five independent survival studies, including temozolomide-resistant glioblastomas, 46 of 48 (96%) mice treated with macitentan plus temozolomide had no evidence of disease (P &lt; 0.0001), whereas all mice in other groups died. In another analysis, macitentan plus temozolomide therapy was stopped in 16 mice after other groups had died. Only 3 of 16 mice eventually developed recurrent disease, 2 of which responded to additional cycles of macitentan plus temozolomide. Macitentan downregulated proteins associated with cell division and survival in glioma cells and associated endothelial cells, which enhanced their sensitivity to temozolomide.
Conclusions: Macitentan plus temozolomide are well tolerated, produce durable responses, and warrant clinical evaluation in glioblastoma patients. Clin Cancer Res; 21(20); 4630–41. ©2015 AACR.
Phase II Study of the AKT Inhibitor MK-2206 plus Erlotinib in Patients with Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Previously Progressed on Erlotinib
Authors: Lara Primo N. , Longmate Jeff , Mack Philip C. , Kelly Karen , Socinski Mark A. , Salgia Ravi , Gitlitz Barbara , Li Tianhong , Koczywas Mariana , Reckamp Karen L. , Gandara David R. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Purpose: Preclinical modeling in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) showed that stimulation with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), the ligand for MET, could reverse the cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib in erlotinib-sensitive cell lines. Inhibitors of AKT signaling mitigated this HGF-mediated resistance, partially restoring erlotinib activity. We conducted a phase II trial of erlotinib plus MK-2206, a highly selective inhibitor of AKT, in NSCLC patients.
Experimental Design: Eligible patients must have progressed following prior benefit from erlotinib, defined as response or stable disease &gt; 12 weeks. Treatment consisted of erlotinib 150 mg orally every day + MK-2206 45 mg orally every alternate day on a 28-day cycle. Primary endpoints were RECIST response rate &gt; 30% (stratum 1: EGFR mutant) and disease control rate (DCR) &gt; 20% at 12 weeks (stratum 2: EGFR wild-type).
Results: Eighty patients were enrolled, 45 and 35 in stratum 1 and 2, respectively. Most common attributable adverse events (all grade 3) were rash, diarrhea, fatigue, and mucositis. Response and DCR were, respectively, 9% and 40% in stratum 1; 3% and 47% in stratum 2. Median progression-free survival was 4.4 months in stratum 1 and 4.6 months in stratum 2.
Conclusions: Combination MK-2206 and erlotinib met its primary endpoint in erlotinib-pretreated patients with EGFR wild-type NSCLC. Although activity was seen in EGFR-mutated NSCLC, this did not exceed a priori estimates. AKT pathway inhibition merits further clinical evaluation in EGFR wild-type NSCLC. Clin Cancer Res; 21(19); 4321–6. ©2015 AACR.
Transcaval Puncture for Access to the Pulmonary Venous Atrium After the Extracardiac Total Cavopulmonary Connection Operation
Authors: Moore Jeremy P. , Hendrickson Benjamin , Brunengraber Daniel Z. , Shannon Kevin M. 
Published: June 2015

Background—
Patients with surgically palliated total cavopulmonary connection are at risk for recurrent atrial arrhythmia requiring catheter ablation. Transcatheter procedures for those with extracardiac conduits (extracardiac-total cavopulmonary connection) are perhaps the most challenging because of exclusion of the venous circulation from the arrhythmia substrate. Puncture through the inferior vena cava to the pulmonary venous atrium may be an effective route for access in these patients.

Methods and Results—

The pediatric and adult congenital surgical databases were explored for patients with extracardiac-total cavopulmonary connection and postoperative computed tomography imaging to assess for the presence of clinically relevant (>3 mm) apposition between the inferior vena cava and pulmonary venous atrium (cavoatrial overlap). The degree of overlap between the structures was measured by 2 blinded reviewers. Patients were stratified by surgical repair in childhood versus adult congenital heart disease. Thirty-seven patients were identified, with cavoatrial overlap observed in 9 (36%) of pediatric and 1 (9%) of adult congenital heart disease–repaired patients. Time elapsed after surgery was associated with cavoatrial overlap in the pediatric cohort (
P
=0.034) and was identified in all pediatric patients with computed tomography imaging ≥8 years after surgery. Three patients underwent successful transcaval puncture during the study period without complication.

Conclusions—
Puncture through a region of overlap between the inferior vena cava and pulmonary venous atrium is feasible. Cavoatrial overlap is present in a substantial proportion of patients undergoing extracardiac-total cavopulmonary connection in childhood and is associated with a longer time elapsed since surgery.
Aircraft Observations of Dry Air, the ITCZ, Convective Cloud Systems, and Cold Pools in MJO during DYNAMO
Authors: Chen Shuyi S. , Kerns Brandon W. , Guy Nick , Jorgensen David P. , Delanoë Julien , Viltard Nicolas , Zappa Christopher J. , Judt Falko , Lee Chia-Ying , Savarin Ajda 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
One of the most challenging problems in predicting the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is the initiation of large-scale convective activity associated with the MJO over the tropical Indian Ocean. The lack of observations is a major obstacle. The Dynamics of the MJO (DYNAMO) field campaign collected unprecedented observations from air-, land-, and ship-based platforms from October 2011 to February 2012. Here we provide an overview of the aircraft observations in DYNAMO, which captured an MJO initiation event from November to December 2011. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) WP-3D aircraft was stationed at Diego Garcia and the French Falcon 20 aircraft on Gan Island in the Maldives. Observations from the two aircraft provide a unique dataset of three-dimensional structure of convective cloud systems and their environment from the flight level, airborne Doppler radar, microphysics probes, ocean surface imaging, global positioning system (GPS) dropsonde, and airborne expendable bathythermograph (AXBT) data. The aircraft observations revealed interactions among dry air, the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), convective cloud systems, and air–sea interaction induced by convective cold pools, which may play important roles in the multiscale processes of MJO initiation. This overview focuses on some key aspects of the aircraft observations that contribute directly to better understanding of the interactions among convective cloud systems, environmental moisture, and the upper ocean during the MJO initiation over the tropical Indian Ocean. Special emphasis is on the distinct characteristics of convective cloud systems, environmental moisture and winds, air–sea fluxes, and convective cold pools during the convectively suppressed, transition/onset, and active phases of the MJO.
Communication skills in psychiatry training
Authors: Ditton-Phare Philippa , Halpin Sean , Sandhu Harsimrat , Kelly Brian , Vamos Marina , Outram Sue , Bylund Carma L , Levin Tomer , Kissane David , Cohen Martin , Loughland Carmel 
Published: June 2015

Objective: Mental health clinicians can experience problems communicating distressing diagnostic information to patients and their families, especially about severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia. Evidence suggests that interpersonal communication skills can be effectively taught, as has been demonstrated in the specialty of oncology. However, very little literature exists with respect to interpersonal communication skills training for psychiatry. This paper provides an overview of the communication skills training literature. Conclusions: The report reveals significant gaps exist and highlights the need for advanced communication skills training for mental health clinicians, particularly about communicating a diagnosis and/or prognosis of schizophrenia. A new communication skills training framework for psychiatry is described, based on that used in oncology as a model. This model promotes applied skills and processes that are easily adapted for use in psychiatry, providing an effective platform for the development of similar training programs for psychiatric clinical practice.
Psychological treatments for trichotillomania: Update and future directions
Authors: Rehm Imogen , Moulding Richard , Nedeljkovic Maja 
Published: June 2015

Objective: This paper aims to provide an overview of evidence-based psychological treatments for trichotillomania. Conclusions: Advances in the understanding of the phenomenology of trichotillomania has led to the augmentation of behavioural treatments with dialectical behaviour therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. Further studies of treatment component efficacy and cognitive behavioural models are required.