bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Orbital Angular Momentum of Vectorial Vortices with Pancharatnam Phase and Stokes Parameters
Authors: Zhang Dengke , Feng Xue , Cui Kaiyu , Liu Fang , Huang Yidong 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this work, an explicit formula is deduced for identifying the orbital angular moment (OAM) of vectorial vortex with space-variant state of polarization (SOP). Different to scalar vortex, the OAM of vectorial vortex can be attributed to two parts: 1. the azimuthal gradient of Pancharatnam phase; 2. the product between the azimuthal gradient of orientation angle of SOP and relevant solid angle on the Poincaré sphere. With our formula, a geometrical description for OAM of light beams can be achieved under the framework of the traditional Poincaré sphere. Numerical simulations for two types of vectorial vortices have been carried on to confirm our presented formula as well as demonstrate the geometrical description of OAM. Furthermore, this work would pave the way for precise characterization of OAM charge of vectorial vortices.
Unexpected in-situ Free Radical Generation and Catalysis to Ag/Polymer Nanocomposite
Authors: Pang Yifan , Wei Ruixue , Wang Jintao , Wei Liuhe , Li Chunhui 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this study, we discover unexpectedly that simple reaction of AgNO3 with oleic acid (OA) without solvent and surfactant could generate alkyl free radical which can catalyze double-bond polymerization of OA to form 1D polymeric oleic acid (POA) chain. In certain conditions, these POA chains circumvolute tightly each other to form microspheres and micro-plates in which monodisperse 4-5 nm Ag nanoparticles (NPs) were absorbed. It has been revealed that alkyl free radical generated during the redox reaction of carboxyl group of OA with Ag+ at relative low temperature. Then, the alkyl free radical catalyzed the double-bond polymerization of OA when the reaction temperature was further increased. Different from commonly-seen hydrophobic nanoparticles prepared in oleic acid-based microemulsion system, the nanocomposites cannot dispersed in n-hexane and could dispersed in ethanol and THF. The unusual dispersion behavior has been explained in terms of their structure and polarity of POA chain. The method combines the nucleation of Ag nanoparticles and the polymerization of monomer in a facile one-pot reaction, which provides a novel way for metal-polymer microsphere nanocomposite with low-cost, easy-operation and high-yield.
CGMD: An integrated database of cancer genes and markers
Authors: Pradeepkiran Jangampalli Adi , Sainath Sri Bhashyam , Kramthi Kumar Konidala , Balasubramanyam Lokanada , Vidya Prabhakar Kodali , Bhaskar Matcha 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIntegrating cancer genes and markers with experimental evidence might provide valuable information for the further investigation of crosstalk between tumor genes and markers in cancer biology. To achieve this objective, we developed a database known as the Cancer Gene Marker Database (CGMD), which integrates data on tumor genes and markers based on experimental evidence. The major goal of CGMD is to provide the following: 1) current systematic treatment approaches and recent advances in different cancer treatments; 2) the aggregation of different genes and markers by their molecular characteristics and pathway associations; and 3) free access to the data compiled by CGMD at http://cgmd.in/. The database consists of 309 genes and 206 markers, as well as a list of 40 different human cancers, with detailed descriptions of all characterized markers. CGMD provides complete cancer annotations and molecular descriptions of cancer genes and markers such as CpG islands, promoters, exons, PDB structures, active sites and domains.
Extracellular protein analysis of activated sludge and their functions in wastewater treatment plant by shotgun proteomics
Authors: Zhang Peng , Shen Yu , Guo Jin-Song , Li Chun , Wang Han , Chen You-Peng , Yan Peng , Yang Ji-Xiang , Fang Fang 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this work, proteins in extracellular polymeric substances extracted from anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic sludges of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) were analyzed to probe their origins and functions. Extracellular proteins in WWTP sludges were identified using shotgun proteomics and 130, 108 and 114 proteins in anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic samples were classified, respectively. Most proteins originated from cell and cell part and their most major molecular functions were catalytic activity and binding activity. The results exhibited that the main roles of extracellular proteins in activated sludges were multivalence cations and organic molecules binding, as well as in catalysis and degradation. The catalytic activity proteins were more widespread in anaerobic sludge compared with those in anoxic and aerobic sludges. The structure difference between anaerobic and aerobic sludges could be associated with their catalytic activities proteins. The results also put forward a relation between the macro characteristics of activated sludges and micro functions of extracellular proteins in biological wastewater treatment process.
Ancient DNA sequence revealed by error-correcting codes
Authors: Brandão Marcelo M. , Spoladore Larissa , Faria Luzinete C. B. , Rocha Andréa S. L. , Silva-Filho Marcio C. , Palazzo Reginaldo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractA previously described DNA sequence generator algorithm (DNA-SGA) using error-correcting codes has been employed as a computational tool to address the evolutionary pathway of the genetic code. The code-generated sequence alignment demonstrated that a residue mutation revealed by the code can be found in the same position in sequences of distantly related taxa. Furthermore, the code-generated sequences do not promote amino acid changes in the deviant genomes through codon reassignment. A Bayesian evolutionary analysis of both code-generated and homologous sequences of theArabidopsis thalianamalate dehydrogenase gene indicates an approximately 1 MYA divergence time from the MDH code-generated sequence node to its paralogous sequences. The DNA-SGA helps to determine the plesiomorphic state of DNA sequences because a single nucleotide alteration often occurs in distantly related taxa and can be found in the alternative codon patterns of noncanonical genetic codes. As a consequence, the algorithm may reveal an earlier stage of the evolution of the standard code.
Leptin administration restores the altered adipose and hepatic expression of aquaglyceroporins improving the non-alcoholic fatty liver of ob/ob mice
Authors: Rodríguez Amaia , Moreno Natalia R. , Balaguer Inmaculada , Méndez-Giménez Leire , Becerril Sara , Catalán Victoria , Gómez-Ambrosi Javier , Portincasa Piero , Calamita Giuseppe , Soveral Graça , Malagón María M. , Frühbeck Gema 
Published: July 2015

AbstractGlycerol is an important metabolite for the control of lipid accumulation in white adipose tissue (WAT) and liver. We aimed to investigate whether exogenous administration of leptin improves features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice via the regulation of AQP3 and AQP7 (glycerol channels mediating glycerol efflux in adipocytes) and AQP9 (aquaglyceroporin facilitating glycerol influx in hepatocytes). Twelve-week-old male wild type and ob/ob mice were divided in three groups as follows: control, leptin-treated (1 mg/kg/d) and pair-fed. Leptin deficiency was associated with obesity and NAFLD exhibiting an AQP3 and AQP7 increase in WAT, without changes in hepatic AQP9. Adipose Aqp3 and hepatic Aqp9 transcripts positively correlated with markers of adiposity and hepatic steatosis. Chronic leptin administration (4-weeks) was associated with improved body weight, whole-body adiposity and hepatosteatosis of ob/ob mice and to a down-regulation of AQP3, AQP7 in WAT and an up-regulation of hepatic AQP9. Acute leptin stimulation in vitro (4-h) induced the mobilization of aquaglyceroporins towards lipid droplets (AQP3) and the plasma membrane (AQP7) in murine adipocytes. Our results show that leptin restores the coordinated regulation of fat-specific AQP7 and liver-specific AQP9, a step which might prevent lipid overaccumulation in WAT and liver in obesity.
Proteomic analysis of murine testes lipid droplets
Authors: Wang Weiyi , Wei Suning , Li Linghai , Su Xueying , Du Congkuo , Li Fengjuan , Geng Bin , Liu Pingsheng , Xu Guoheng 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTesticular Leydig cells contain abundant cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) as a cholesteryl-ester store for releasing cholesterols as the precursor substrate for testosterone biosynthesis. Here, we identified the protein composition of testicular LDs purified from adult mice by using mass spectrometry and immunodetection. Among 337 proteins identified, 144 were previously detected in LD proteomes; 44 were confirmed by microscopy. Testicular LDs contained multiple Rab GTPases, chaperones and proteins involved in glucuronidation, ubiquination and transport, many known to modulate LD formation and LD-related cellular functions. In particular, testicular LDs contained many members of both the perilipin family and classical lipase/esterase superfamily assembled predominately in adipocyte LDs. Thus, testicular LDs might be regulated similar to adipocyte LDs. Remarkably, testicular LDs contained a large number of classical enzymes for biosynthesis and metabolism of cholesterol and hormonal steroids, so steroidogenic reactions might occur on testicular LDs or the steroidogenic enzymes and products could be transferred through testicular LDs. These characteristics differ from the LDs in most other types of cells, so testicular LDs could be an active organelle functionally involved in steroidogenesis.
Nanophotonic detection of freely interacting molecules on a single influenza virus
Authors: Kang Pilgyu , Schein Perry , Serey Xavier , O’Dell Dakota , Erickson David 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBiomolecular interactions, such as antibody-antigen binding, are fundamental to many biological processes. At present, most techniques for analyzing these interactions require immobilizing one or both of the interacting molecules on an assay plate or a sensor surface. This is convenient experimentally but can constrain the natural binding affinity and capacity of the molecules, resulting in data that can deviate from the natural free-solution behavior. Here we demonstrate a label-free method for analyzing free-solution interactions between a single influenza virus and specific antibodies at the single particle level using near-field optical trapping and light-scattering techniques. We determine the number of specific antibodies binding to an optically trapped influenza virus by analyzing the change of the Brownian fluctuations of the virus. We develop an analytical model that determines the increased size of the virus resulting from antibodies binding to the virus membrane with uncertainty of ±1–2 nm. We present stoichiometric results of 26 ± 4 (6.8 ± 1.1 attogram) anti-influenza antibodies binding to an H1N1 influenza virus. Our technique can be applied to a wide range of molecular interactions because the nanophotonic tweezer can handle molecules from tens to thousands of nanometers in diameter.
Controlling the on/off current ratio of ferroelectric field-effect transistors
Authors: Katsouras Ilias , Zhao Dong , Spijkman Mark-Jan , Li Mengyuan , Blom Paul W. M. , Leeuw Dago M. de , Asadi Kamal 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe on/off current ratio in organic ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) is largely determined by the position of the threshold voltage, the value of which can show large device-to-device variations. Here we show that by employing a dual-gate layout for the FeFET, we can gain full control over the on/off ratio. In the resulting dual-gate FeFET the ferroelectric gate provides the memory functionality and the second, non-ferroelectric, control gate is advantageously used to set the threshold voltage. The on/off ratio can thus be maximized at the readout bias. The operation is explained by the quantitative analysis of charge transport in a dual-gate FeFET.
Centrifugation-assisted Assembly of Colloidal Silica into Crack-Free and Transferrable Films with Tunable Crystalline Structures
Authors: Fan Wen , Chen Min , Yang Shu , Wu Limin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSelf-assembly of colloidal particles into colloidal films has many actual and potential applications. While various strategies have been developed to direct the assembly of colloidal particles, fabrication of crack-free and transferrable colloidal film with controllable crystal structures still remains a major challenge. Here we show a centrifugation-assisted assembly of colloidal silica spheres into free-standing colloidal film by using the liquid/liquid interfaces of three immiscible phases. Through independent control of centrifugal force and interparticle electrostatic repulsion, polycrystalline, single-crystalline and quasi-amorphous structures can be readily obtained. More importantly, by dehydration of silica particles during centrifugation, the spontaneous formation of capillary water bridges between particles enables the binding and pre-shrinkage of the assembled array at the fluid interface. Thus the assembled colloidal films are not only crack-free, but also robust and flexible enough to be easily transferred on various planar and curved substrates.
Assessing the Efficacy of Mdm2/Mdm4-Inhibiting Stapled Peptides Using Cellular Thermal Shift Assays
Authors: Tan Ban Xiong , Brown Christopher J. , Ferrer Fernando J. , Yuen Tsz Ying , Quah Soo Tng , Chan Boon Hong , Jansson Anna E. , Teo Hsiang Ling , Nordlund Pär , Lane David P. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPrevious publications on stapled peptide inhibitors against Mdm2/Mdm4-p53 interactions have established that this new class of drugs have the potential to be easily optimised to attain high binding affinity and specificity, but the mechanisms controlling their cellular uptake and target engagement remain elusive and controversial. To aid in understanding the rules of peptide and staple design and to enable rapid optimisation, we employed the newly-developed cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA). CETSA was able to validate stapled peptide binding to Mdm2 and Mdm4 and the method was also used to determine the extent of cellular uptake, cellular availability and intracellular binding of the endogenous target proteins in its native environment. Our data suggest that while the stapled peptides engage their targets intracellularly, more work is needed to improve their cellular entry and target engagement efficiency in vivo. CETSA now provides a valuable tool to optimize such in vivo properties of stapled peptides.
44 pJ/bit energy‐efficiency K‐band OOK transmitter for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Chien Kuan‐Hsiu , Chiou Hwann‐Kaeo 
Published: July 2015

A high energy‐efficiency K‐band on–off keying (OOK) transmitter in tsmc™ 90 nm CMOS technology is presented. The transmitter consists of a wideband voltage control oscillator (VCO), a frequency doubler and a switch‐type power amplifier with a chip area of 0.6 × 0.92 mm2. The VCO adopts a parasitic capacitance reduction technique to enhance the tuning range to 20.5%. The designed transmitter achieves an output power of 3 dBm with a 500 Mbit/s data rate from 19 to 23.1 GHz at 22.3 mW power consumption. The correspondent energy‐efficiency is 44 pJ/bit.
4‐channel 35 Gbit/s parallel CMOS LDD
Authors: Chen Yingmei , Gong Jianwei , Yao Jianguo , Tian Ling 
Published: July 2015

The design of a 4‐channel 35 Gbit/s parallel laser diode driver (LDD) using 65 nm CMOS technology is presented. The LDD driver consists of an input buffer stage, a pre‐amplifier stage and an output driver stage. The three‐stage cascaded amplifiers constitute the pre‐amplifier stage, and an active feedback technique is employed to expand bandwidth without consuming a large area. The output driver stage introduces RC negative feedback and inductive shunt peaking techniques to broaden the bandwidth. Measurement results show that the operating rate of each channel is up to 35 Gbit/s and the power consumption per data rate is only 4.4 mW/(Gbit/s).
Miniaturised microstrip dual‐band bandpass filter using novel symmetric double‐spiral resonators for WLAN application
Authors: Wu Guo‐cheng , Wang Guangming , Liang Jiang Gang , Gao Xiang‐jun , Zhu Li 
Published: July 2015

A miniaturised dual‐band bandpass filter (DB‐BPF) centred at 2.45/5.70 GHz using novel symmetric double‐spiral resonators is proposed. The measured and simulated results of the proposed DB‐BPF are in good agreement with each other except for a slight frequency shift downwards in the measurement. According to the measurements, the measured 3 dB bandwidths are 6.53% (2.35–2.51 GHz) at 2.45 GHz and 4.2% (5.61–5.85 GHz) at 5.70 GHz; the insertion losses including the loss from SMA connectors are <0.8/1.2 dB and the isolation between these two passbands is better than 20 dB from 2.54 to 5.59 GHz. The circuit area of the fabricated prototype is very compact, being only 7.7 × 9.4 mm.
Climate change and decadal shifts in the phenology of larval fishes in the California Current ecosystem
Authors: Asch Rebecca G. 
Published: July 2015

Significance
In terrestrial ecosystems, earlier phenology (i.e., seasonal timing) is a hallmark organismal response to global warming. Less is known about marine phenological responses to climate change, especially in Eastern Boundary Current Upwelling (EBCU) ecosystems that generate >20% of fish catch. The phenology of 43 EBCU fish species was examined over 58 years; 39% of phenological events occurred earlier in recent decades, with faster changes than many terrestrial ecosystems. Zooplankton did not shift their phenology synchronously with most fishes. Fishes that aren’t changing their phenology synchronously with zooplankton may be subject to mismatches with prey, potentially leading to reduced recruitment to fisheries. Adjusting the timing of seasonal management tactics (e.g., fishery closures, hatchery releases) may help ensure that management remains effective.
Structural basis and functional analysis of the SARS coronavirus nsp14–nsp10 complex
Authors: Ma Yuanyuan , Wu Lijie , Shaw Neil , Gao Yan , Wang Jin , Sun Yuna , Lou Zhiyong , Yan Liming , Zhang Rongguang , Rao Zihe 
Published: July 2015

Significance
Proofreading exonucleases contributing to replication fidelity in DNA viruses and cellular organisms are well known; however, proofreading in RNA viruses was unknown until recently. Coronavirus nonstructural protein 14 (nsp14) has been shown to function as a proofreading exoribonuclease. Additionally, nsp14 shows (guanine-N7) methyl transferase activity for viral mRNA capping. Both roles are important for viral replication and transcription. Here, we report the structures of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus nsp14 in complex with its activator nonstructural protein 10 (nsp10) and functional ligands. Structural observations coupled with mutagenesis and functional assays provide a better understanding of the function of nsp14. Furthermore, the structures of the nsp14–nsp10 complex demonstrate several unique niches that could be targeted for development of potent antiviral drugs.
WebDISCO: a web service for distributed cox model learning without patient-level data sharing
Authors: Lu Chia-Lun , Wang Shuang , Ji Zhanglong , Wu Yuan , Xiong Li , Jiang Xiaoqian , Ohno-Machado Lucila 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjective The Cox proportional hazards model is a widely used method for analyzing survival data. To achieve sufficient statistical power in a survival analysis, it usually requires a large amount of data. Data sharing across institutions could be a potential workaround for providing this added power.Methods and materials The authors develop a web service for distributed Cox model learning (WebDISCO), which focuses on the proof-of-concept and algorithm development for federated survival analysis. The sensitive patient-level data can be processed locally and only the less-sensitive intermediate statistics are exchanged to build a global Cox model. Mathematical derivation shows that the proposed distributed algorithm is identical to the centralized Cox model.Results The authors evaluated the proposed framework at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), Emory, and Duke. The experimental results show that both distributed and centralized models result in near-identical model coefficients with differences in the range 10−15 to 10−12 . The results confirm the mathematical derivation and show that the implementation of the distributed model can achieve the same results as the centralized implementation.Limitation The proposed method serves as a proof of concept, in which a publicly available dataset was used to evaluate the performance. The authors do not intend to suggest that this method can resolve policy and engineering issues related to the federated use of institutional data, but they should serve as evidence of the technical feasibility of the proposed approach.Conclusions WebDISCO (Web-based Distributed Cox Regression Model; https://webdisco.ucsd-dbmi.org:8443/cox/ ) provides a proof-of-concept web service that implements a distributed algorithm to conduct distributed survival analysis without sharing patient level data.
Using the kaleidoscope career model to analyze female CEOs’ experiences in sport organizations
Authors: Shaw Sally , Leberman Sarah 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this research is to examine the experiences of female CEOs in New Zealand sport using a career account approach overlaid with the Kaleidoscope Career Model (KCM). This research focuses on their successful careers, rather than constraints and barriers, which is a feature of much previous research in the area.Design/methodology/approach– Semi-structured interviews and analysis were informed by the principles of the KCM of career authenticity, balance and challenge. Seven chief executive officers in New Zealand sport organizations were interviewed. Data analysis was undertaken through a three-step coding process.Findings– Respondents highlighted the importance of authenticity, balance and challenge in different ways. The KCM model is extended by identifying sub-themes within each principle. These were, under authenticity, passion and relationship-building; under balance, self-awareness and influencing the organization; and under challenge, taking opportunities and working in sport’s gendered environment. Findings indicate that a more nuanced development of KCM is required and that decision-makers in sport organizations need to be aware of the varied drivers of women’s positive experiences.Research limitations/implications– This research contributes to an understanding of successful women’s careers, rather than focusing on barriers to success. It also extends the KCM. Future research is necessary to examine the viability of our suggested extensions to the KCM.Practical implications– While not generalizable, this study’s findings suggest that sport organization decision-makers would be well advised to understand the unique ways in which authenticity, balance and challenge are understood by their female employees. This may encourage organizations to look more closely at their cultures to ensure that they are more welcoming and supportive to women in a male-dominated industry.Originality/value– This research contributes to an understanding of successful women’s careers, rather than focusing on barriers to success. It also extends the KCM. Future research is necessary to examine the viability of our suggested extensions to the KCM.