bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in neuronal HT22 cells resistant to oxidative stress
Authors: Pfeiffer Annika , Jaeckel Martin , Lewerenz Jan , Noack Rebecca , Pouya Alireza , Schacht Teresa , Hoffmann Christina , Winter Jennifer , Schweiger Susann , Schäfer Michael K E , Methner Axel 
Published: December 2013

Background and PurposeThe hippocampal cell line HT22 is an excellent model for studying the consequences of endogenous oxidative stress. Extracellular glutamate depletes cellular glutathione by blocking the glutamate/cystine antiporter system xc−. Glutathione depletion induces a well‐defined programme of cell death characterized by an increase in reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction.Experimental ApproachWe compared the mitochondrial shape, the abundance of mitochondrial complexes and the mitochondrial respiration of HT22 cells, selected based on their resistance to glutamate, with those of the glutamate‐sensitive parental cell line.Key ResultsGlutamate‐resistant mitochondria were less fragmented and displayed seemingly contradictory features: mitochondrial calcium and superoxide were increased while high‐resolution respirometry suggested a reduction in mitochondrial respiration. This was interpreted as a reverse activity of the ATP synthase under oxidative stress, leading to hydrolysis of ATP to maintain or even elevate the mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting these cells endure ineffective energy metabolism to protect their membrane potential. Glutamate‐resistant cells were also resistant to oligomycin, an inhibitor of the ATP synthase, but sensitive to deoxyglucose, an inhibitor of hexokinases. Exchanging glucose with galactose rendered resistant cells 1000‐fold more sensitive to oligomycin. These results, together with a strong increase in cytosolic hexokinase 1 and 2, a reduced lactate production and an increased activity of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase, suggest that glutamate‐resistant HT22 cells shuttle most available glucose towards the hexose monophosphate shunt to increase glutathione recovery.Conclusions and ImplicationsThese results indicate that mitochondrial and metabolic adaptations play an important role in the resistance of cells to oxidative stress.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed issue on Mitochondrial Pharmacology: Energy, Injury & Beyond. To view the other articles in this issue visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2014.171.issue‐8
Effect of amphetamine on corrected‐QT interval change during methadone maintenance treatment in Taiwan: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Lin Ni‐Chi , Huang Chieh‐Liang , Chen Chung‐Ying , Lin Tsang‐Yaw , Wang Hsiu‐Yi , Lu Ye‐Hsu , Chen Lin‐Mei , Chen Vincent Chin‐Hung , Gossop Michael 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIntroduction and AimsPrevious studies have suggested that methadone is associated with prolonged corrected‐QT (QTc) interval, but published prospective research studies in this area are relatively scarce. This study investigates QTc interval change among methadone maintenance patients and possible associated risk factors. One of the aims is to explore the effect of amphetamines.Design and MethodsThis prospective cohort study with six‐month follow up assesses the effect of methadone on QTc interval among a sample (n = 170) of heroin users in a methadone maintenance treatment program in Taiwan. Demographic data, substance use history, medical history and laboratory studies were collected at study enrollment. Twelve‐lead electrocardiograms were performed for all participants both at study enrollment and six months later.ResultsThe median daily methadone dose was 41 mg. A mean increase of QTc interval (17.1 ms, SD = 50.0, P < 0.001) was found at six‐month follow up. QTc interval prolongation in the sample at baseline was 2.9%, and at six months was 12.4%. A positive correlation was found between comorbid amphetamine use frequency in the past month and QTc interval change. Methadone dose was not associated with QTc change.Discussion and ConclusionsAn increase of mean QTc interval was found among methadone maintenance patients at six‐month follow up. Electrocardiogram monitoring should be performed among patients who are at risk of frequently using amphetamines during methadone maintenance treatment.
Ecology drives intragenomic conflict over menopause
Authors: Úbeda Francisco , Ohtsuki Hisashi , Gardner Andy 
Published: December 2013

AbstractMenopause is the transition from reproductive to non‐reproductive life well before natural death. Rather than involving a smooth, rapid change, it is normally preceded by a long period of erratic hormonal fluctuation that is accompanied by a plethora of unpleasant symptoms. Here, we (1) suggest that this turbulent period owes to conflict, between a woman's maternally inherited (MI) and paternally inherited (PI) genes, over the trade‐off between reproduction and communal care; (2) perform a theoretical analysis to show that this conflict is resolved either through silencing or fluctuating expression of one of the genes; (3) highlight which of the symptoms preceding menopause may result from antagonistic co‐evolution of MI and PI genes; (4) argue that ecological differences between ancestral human populations may explain the variability in menopause among different ethnic groups; (5) discuss how these insights may be used to inform family planning and cancer risk assessment based on a woman's ancestral background.
Left ventricular systolic asynchrony: an important sign for cardiac involvement in plaque‐type psoriasis
Authors: Örem Cihan , Kazaz Zeynep , Yaylı Savaş , Çevik Osman Çağlar , Kırış Abdulkadir , Öztürk Mustafa , Arslan Bilgihan , Örem Asım 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPsoriasis is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Left Ventricular (LV) asynchrony and psoriasis. Asynchrony was assessed in 31 patients with psoriasis without evidence of CVD and 25 healthy subjects. All the patients and controls were subjected to tissue synchronization imaging (TSI), and conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiography. The time to regional peak systolic tissue velocity (Ts) in LV by the six‐basal‐six‐midsegmental model was measured on ejection phase TSI images, and four TSI parameters of systolic asynchrony were computed. C‐reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels in psoriatic patients were measured. All TSI parameters of LV asynchrony increased in psoriatic patients compared to the controls: the standard deviation (SD) of the 12 LV segments Ts (37.3 ± 14.8 vs. 24.6 ± 11.1, P = 0.002); the maximal difference in Ts between any two of the 12 LV segments (112.7 ± 39.8 vs. 83.1 ± 38.1, P = 0.01), the SD of the six basal LV segments (36.2 ± 17.3 vs. 23.2 ± 14.5, P = 0.008); and the maximal difference in Ts between any two of the six basal LV segments (91.3 ± 43.5 vs. 60.5 ± 37.3, P = 0.01). LV asynchrony was observed in 67.7% of psoriatic patients. Higher CRP (1.9 ± 1.3 vs. 0.92 ± 1.4, P = 0.04) and ESR (34.8 ± 17.3 vs. 20 ± 15.3, P = 0.03) levels were determined in patients with LV asynchrony. Regression analysis showed LV systolic asynchrony (P = 0.02), Tei index (P = 0.03), EF (P = 0.04), and E/A ratio (P = 0.04) were independently associated with psoriasis. LV asynchrony firstly described in patients with psoriasis may be an important finding of cardiac involvement in psoriasis.
Tinea versicolor in dark‐skinned individuals
Authors: Kallini Joseph R. , Riaz Fauzia , Khachemoune Amor 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn this article, we review the salient features of tinea versicolor and describe the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and histopathology of this mycosis in dark‐skinned individuals. Tinea versicolor is caused by an overgrowth of the Malassezia genus. It manifests clinically as asymptomatic hypopigmented macules, hyperpigmented macules, or a combination of the two. Under light microscopy, Malassezia presents as a dimorphic fungus – in both the hyphal and yeast form. Most clinicians have found that the majority of dark‐skinned patients present solely with hypopigmented lesions. Under light microscopy, lesions on dark skin involved with tinea versicolor tend to have a thicker stratum corneum, more tonofilaments in the granulosum, and more sequestered melanosomes. Differential diagnosis includes confluent and reticulated papillomatosis, seborrheic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, pityriasis alba, and vitiligo. Tinea versicolor can be successfully managed in most cases with topical antifungal treatments. Cases of recurrence, such as those seen in immunocompromised patients, may necessitate scheduled oral or topical therapy.
Perioperative corticosteroids administration as a risk factor for pressure ulcers in cardiovascular surgical patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Chen Hong‐Lin , Shen Wang‐Qin , Xu Yang‐Hui , Zhang Qun , Wu Juan 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perioperative corticosteroids administration and the incidence of pressure ulcers (PUs) in cardiovascular surgical patients. A retrospective analysis was performed on data from consecutive patients who had cardiac surgery in 2012. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between perioperative corticosteroid administration and the incidence of surgery‐related PU (SRPU). A total of 286 cardiac surgery patients were included in this study; of these, 47 patients developed 57 SRPUs, an incidence of 16·4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 12·3–21·2%). The SRPU incidence was significantly higher in corticosteroid‐administered group compared with groups not receiving corticosteroids (43·8% versus 14·8%, Pearson's χ2 = 9·209, P = 0·002). The crude odds ratio (OR) was 4·472 (95% CI: 1·576–12·694). After performing multivariate logistic regression analysis, the adjusted OR was 2·808 (95% CI: 1·062–11·769). This result showed that perioperative corticosteroid administration was an independent risk factor for PUs in cardiovascular surgical patients. Therefore, it is recommended that in order to prevent PU perioperative corticosteroids should be administered with caution to cardiovascular surgical patients.
Obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and chronic periodontitis: a shared pathology via oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction?
Authors: Bullon Pedro , Newman Hubert N. , Battino Maurizio 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAs many diseases have been shown to have several or indirect causes (i.e. are multifactorial) the question is what is the relative importance of each factor in a given disease? Also, what happens when some diseases, although apparently disparate, share causative factors and/or tissue pathologies? Host inflammation response mechanisms are largely shared by the body’s different tissues and systems and only recently has special attention been paid to the possible linkages among chronic periodontitis and other chronic systemic diseases. The aim of this review was to consider and discuss the mounting evidence that the basis for the inter‐relationships between chronic periodontitis and atheromatous disease and diabetes lie at a fundamental intracellular level, namely oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, as a meeting background among such chronic diseases and periodontitis.
Synthesis of Zeolite A from Aluminoborosilicate Glass Used in Glass Substrates of Liquid Crystal Display Panels and Evaluation of Its Cation Exchange Capacity
Authors: Tsujiguchi Masato , Kobashi Tadashi , Utsumi Yasuhiko , Kakimori Nobuaki , Nakahira Atsushi 
Published: December 2013

Synthesis of zeolite A from aluminoborosilicate glass used in liquid crystal display (LCD) panel glass substrate was attempted. Mixture of aluminoborosilicate glass and sodium aluminate was hydrothermally treated with sodium hydroxide solution for 10.8–345.6 ks at 368–423 K. Aluminoborosilicate glass was also acid treated with nitric acid before hydrothermal treatment. Obtained samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope observation. Zeolite A, hydroxysodalite, and zeolite P were synthesized, and with the specific conditions of hydrothermal treatment, a single phase of zeolite A was successfully obtained. Acid treatment was effective for synthesis of a single phase of zeolite A, because the components of aluminoborosilicate other than SiO2 preferentially eluted for acid solution and during following hydrothermal treatment SiO2 was supposed to elute for alkaline solution. Cation‐exchange capacities (CECs) were investigated for these products. It was clarified that CEC of the product with a single phase of zeolite A obtained from aluminoborosilicae glass was 4.2 mol/kg. CEC of the product consisted of zeolite A and hydroxysodalite was 3.9 mol/kg, and the one consisted of zeolite A, hydroxysodalite, and zeolite P was 2.6 mol/kg. This results shows that aluminoborosilicate glass could be expected to be recycled in zeolite A with good CEC by the appropriate process.
Quantitative Analysis on the Influence of SiO2 Content on the Phase Behavior of ZrO2
Authors: Vasanthavel Subramaniyan , Nandha Kumar Ponnusamy , Kannan Sanjeevi 
Published: December 2013

The salient features of bioinert, chemical resistance, and high mechanical strength of synthetic ZrO2 and the bioactivity characteristics of SiO2 has been well‐known in biomedical applications. This study has been aimed at the synthesis and quantitative structural analysis of SiO2‐stabilized tetragonal ZrO2. The synthesis has been performed through sol–gel technique and the resultant characterization of the powders has been done through X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. Quantitative analysis on the ZrO2–SiO2 binary oxide systems has been performed by Rietveld Refinement using GSAS‐EXPUGI software package. The results from this study have confirmed that SiO2 concentration has played a major role in the stabilization of tetragonal ZrO2. Lower SiO2 concentration has resulted in the formation of mixture of any two different phases comprising of monoclinic ZrO2 (P21/c symmetry) or cubic ZrO2 (Fm‐3 m symmetry) or tetragonal ZrO2 (P42/nmc symmetry), whereas higher SiO2 concentration has resulted in the stabilization of single phase tetragonal ZrO2 (P42/nmc symmetry).
Do just‐world believers practice private charity?
Authors: Bègue Laurent 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe relationship between belief in a just world and private charity was examined in a representative sample of 805 French people. Participants were given money for their participation to a survey research and had the opportunity to allocate a part of it to an organization supporting victims of aggression. A multiple regression analysis including a selection of relevant covariates indicated that just‐world beliefs provided a unique contribution to monetary generosity. The amount of money left for the organization supporting victims was higher among women, and was correlated with participant's age and educational level. This study contributes to the literature by providing for the first time a behavioral demonstration of the relationship between just‐world belief for self and altruistic behavior.
The use of sunscreen starting on the first day after ablative fractional skin resurfacing
Authors: Wanitphakdeedecha R. , Phuardchantuk R. , Manuskiatti W. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe most common side‐effect of ablative fractional skin resurfacing in Asians is post inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Various attempts have been made to reduce the occurrence of PIH after laser treatment including sun avoidance, the use of preoperative and postoperative treatment regimens, and treatment using conservative energy settings and epidermal protection.ObjectivesTo determine whether the use of broad‐spectrum sunscreen with anti‐inflammatory agents starting on the first day after fractional CO2 laser skin resurfacing reduces the incidence of post laser PIH.Materials and methodsThirty patients were treated with ablative fractional CO2 resurfacing on both sides of their faces at 10 mJ and 10% density. Each subject was randomly treated on one side of the face with petrolatum ointment four times a day for the first week after laser treatment and on the other side of the face with petrolatum ointment four times a day plus broad‐spectrum sunscreen with anti‐inflammatory agents in the morning starting on the first day after laser treatment. Transepidermal water loss was recorded at baseline and every day for 1 week. Melanin and erythema indexes were measured at baseline, 1‐, 2‐week, 1‐, 2‐ and at 3‐month post treatment.ResultsOf the 30 patients involved in the study, 26 received the treatment and attended 1‐, 2‐week, 1‐, 2‐ and 3‐month post‐treatment visits. Four patients were withdrawn from the study because they could not attend every follow‐up visit. There was no statistically significant difference in transepidermal water loss at baseline, immediately after laser treatment, or at the D1 to D7 follow‐up visits. Erythema index had no significantly statistical difference at baseline, 1‐, 2‐ and at 3‐month after laser treatment. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference in melanin index at 1‐week post laser treatment between both sides (P = 0.001). Melanin index at the 1‐week follow‐up visit on the side treated with broad‐spectrum sunscreen with anti‐inflammatory agents starting on the first day after laser treatment was significantly less than the control side.ConclusionThe use of broad‐spectrum sunscreen with anti‐inflammatory agents starting on the first day after ablative fractional skin resurfacing can decrease the incidence of PIH after laser treatment at 1‐week postoperatively.
Temporal links between pluton emplacement, garnet granulite metamorphism, partial melting and extensional collapse in the lower crust of a Cretaceous magmatic arc, Fiordland, New Zealand
Authors: Stowell H. , Parker K. Odom , Gatewood M. , Tulloch A. , Koenig A. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractGarnet granulite facies mid‐to lower crust in Fiordland, New Zealand, provides evidence for pulsed intrusion and deformation occurring in the mid‐to lower crust of magmatic arcs. 238U‐206Pb zircon ages constrain emplacement of the ∼595 km2 Malaspina Pluton to 116–114 Ma. Nine Sm‐Nd garnet ages (multi‐point garnet‐rock isochrons) ranging from 115.6 ± 2.6 to 110.6 ± 2.0 Ma indicate that garnet granulite facies metamorphism was synchronous or near synchronous throughout the pluton. Hence, partial melting and garnet granulite facies metamorphism lasted <5 Ma and began within 5 Ma of pluton emplacement. Garnet granulite facies L‐S tectonites in the eastern part of the Malaspina Pluton record the onset of extensional strain and arc collapse. An Sm‐Nd garnet age and thermobarometric results for these rocks directly below the amphibolite facies Doubtful Sound shear zone provide the oldest known age for extension in Fiordland at ≥112.8 ± 2.2 Ma at ∼920 °C and 14–15 kbar. Narrow high Ca rims in garnet from some of these suprasolidus rocks could reflect a ≤ 1.5 kbar pressure increase, but may be largely a result of temperature decrease based on the Ca content of garnet predicted from pseudosections. At peak metamorphic conditions >900 °C, garnet contained ∼4000 ppm Ti; subsequently, rutile inclusions grew during declining temperature with limited pressure change. Garnet granulite metamorphism of the Malaspina Pluton is c. 10 Ma younger than similar metamorphism of the Pembroke Granulite in northern Fiordland; therefore, high‐P metamorphism and partial melting must have been diachronous for this >3000 km² area of mid‐to‐lower crust. Thus, two or more pulses of intrusion shortly followed by garnet granulite metamorphism and extensional strain occurred from north to south along the axis of the lower crustal root of the Cretaceous Gondwana arc.
Lactation Accommodation in the Workplace and Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding
Authors: Bai Yeon , Wunderlich Shahla M. 
Published: December 2013

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to assess current lactation accommodations in a workplace environment and to examine the association between the different dimensions of support and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding.MethodsA survey was conducted with employees of a higher‐education institution and clients of an obstetric hospital in New Jersey. Factor analysis identified dimensions of workplace support. The dimensions were correlated with the duration of exclusive breastfeeding using Pearson's r correlation analysis.ResultsOne hundred and thirteen working mothers participated in the study. The mean (SD) number of working hours of the participants was 34.3 (2.8) hours per week. Participants were primarily white (89.4%), older (mean age, 33.8 [6.0] years), highly educated (>82% above college graduate), and married (92%). Participants indicated that in their workplaces, breastfeeding was not common, breast pumps were not available, and on‐site day care was not always an option. The analysis identified 4 dimensions of breastfeeding accommodation: break time, workplace environment, technical support, and workplace policy. Technical support (r = 0.71, P = .01) and workplace environment (r = 0.26, P = .01) were significantly associated with the duration of exclusive breastfeeding.DiscussionEmployers can strengthen technical support and workplace environment to encourage breastfeeding continuation in working mothers. New federal laws should consider specific guidelines for minimum requirements for functional lactation support to achieve comprehensive breastfeeding benefits.
Test of long‐term uterine survival after allogeneic transplantation in rabbits
Authors: Saso Srdjan , Hurst Simon , Chatterjee Jayanta , Kuzmin Eugene , Thum Yau , David Anna L. , Hakim Nadey , Corless David J. , Boyd Michael , Noakes David E. , Lindsay Iain , Ghaem‐Maghami Sadaf , Del Priore Giuseppe , Smith J. Richard 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAimTo see if: (i) a large vessel aortocaval vascular patch technique may bring about long‐term graft survival after allogeneic uterine transplantation (UTn) in a rabbit model; and (ii) fertility can be achieved following natural mating post‐allogeneic UTn.MethodsAllogeneic uterine cross transplantations were performed in New Zealand white rabbits using an aortocaval macrovascular patch harvested as part of the uterine allograft. Five rabbit recipients received a uterine graft from five unrelated donor rabbits. All female rabbits were unrelated and were of proven fertility with at least one previous litter each. Tacrolimus was administrated for immunosuppression post‐transplant. Natural mating was attempted if long‐term survival had been achieved. The main outcome measures were: (i) long‐term recipient survival; (ii) long‐term adequate uterine perfusion; and (iii) successful pregnancy post‐UTn.ResultsAll five recipient animals survived the surgery with satisfactory immediate postoperative recovery. Recipients 1, 2 and 4 died within the first 4 postoperative days. Both long‐term survivors failed to conceive following introduction of a proven male breeder despite evidence of mating. Necropsy at 9 and 11 months showed a lack of patency of uterine cornua at the point of anastomosis, albeit a small uterus in recipient 3 and a reddish brown amorphous material at the site of the transplanted uterus in recipient 5.ConclusionWe have demonstrated the feasibility of uterine allotransplantation using a macrovascular patch technique, but could not demonstrate conception because of blocked cornua. To address this, we propose using embryo transfer techniques in order to achieve conception.