bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Bodily Deficit in Contemporary Healthcare
Authors: Slatman Jenny 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn her chapter ‘Pragmatism in the Fray’, Monica Greco convincingly argues that ‘somatization’ is the iatrogenic product of Western medicine (Greco, Chap. 17, this volume). The term somatization is used for the phenomenon that people still suffer from physical complaints even after doctors have been unable to find pathology. For example, you have suffered from pain in your joints for a long time, but all diagnostic tests are negative (the blood values are good, nothing shows up on scans). When somatization occurs, there is an illness without a disease. Because no underlying pathology is found in the biological body, it is assumed that the reason for, or cause of the complaints must be psychological. After all, within Western medicine we assume a distinction between body and mind. If there is not something wrong in the body, there must be something wrong in the mind. People who somatize are then said to be unable to psychologize—they resist a psychological explanation. Greco shows that this somatization is systemic within Western medicine. Doctors are trained to search for pathology in the biological body with the purpose of providing a pathological explanation for every condition. Physicians are not well prepared for situations where pathological explanations are not so obvious. Uncertainty is no part of the doctor’s habitus.
Nature and Culture in Health and Disease: Historical Strategies in Medical Diagnostics for Navigating Between Critical Dichotomies
Authors: Fangerau Heiner 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTheories of medical diagnosis have been debated since at least the early eighteenth century. They were closely linked to different understandings of health and disease. In general, naturalistic and ontological understandings were confronted with nominalistic and constructivist interpretations of signs and symptoms. The foundations of today’s understanding of diagnosis were laid in the nineteenth century, which brought new ideas about the differentiation of individual diseases. The article reconstructs this development of concepts of medical diagnosis and discussions about the production of diagnostic signs. It then presents two approaches from the 1920s that attempted to reconcile nominalism and essentialism. The focus is on the approaches of the physicians Richard Koch and Francis Crookshank. Their concepts are compared and linked to Hans Vaihinger’s As-If philosophy, which was very prominent at the beginning of the twentieth century. The paper argues that Koch, in particular, sought to give an intentional and relational orientation to the idea of diagnosis, seeing nature and culture in diagnosis not as opposites but as interrelated elements, and that Koch’s and Vaihinger’s approaches still offer much insight into contemporary thinking about the theory of diagnosis.
The Variety of Historiographical Medical Relativism
Authors: Kusch Martin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper offers an analysis of three types of relativism in the historiography of medicine. Three authors—Andrew Cunningham, Nicholas Jewson, and Annemarie Mol—are presented as paradigmatic instances of these three versions. I first present thumbnail sketches of some of the mentioned authors’ best-known work. Subsequently, I situate them both relative to familiar relativistic positions in the philosophy and sociology of the (natural) sciences, and relative to a ‘spectrum of relativistic positions’ that I outline. The main upshot of the paper is do identify the main differences and commonalities of the three varieties of ‘historiographical medical relativism’. I defend the authors only insofar as I show that they are not per se committed to “equal-validity relativism”.
Prenylation of aromatic amino acids and plant phenolics by an aromatic prenyltransferase from Rasamsonia emersonii
Authors: Chunkrua Pimvisuth , Leschonski Kai P. , Gran‐Scheuch Alejandro A. , Vreeke Gijs J. C. , Vincken Jean-Paul , Fraaije Marco W. , van Berkel Willem J. H. , de Bruijn Wouter J. C. , Kabel Mirjam A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Dimethylallyl tryptophan synthases (DMATSs) are aromatic prenyltransferases that catalyze the transfer of a prenyl moiety from a donor to an aromatic acceptor during the biosynthesis of microbial secondary metabolites. Due to their broad substrate scope, DMATSs are anticipated as biotechnological tools for producing bioactive prenylated aromatic compounds. Our study explored the substrate scope and product profile of a recombinant RePT, a novel DMATS from the thermophilic fungus Rasamsonia emersonii. Among a variety of aromatic substrates, RePT showed the highest substrate conversion for l-tryptophan and l-tyrosine (> 90%), yielding two mono-prenylated products in both cases. Nine phenolics from diverse phenolic subclasses were notably converted (> 10%), of which the stilbenes oxyresveratrol, piceatannol, pinostilbene, and resveratrol were the best acceptors (37–55% conversion). The position of prenylation was determined using NMR spectroscopy or annotated using MS2 fragmentation patterns, demonstrating that RePT mainly catalyzed mono-O-prenylation on the hydroxylated aromatic substrates. On l-tryptophan, a non-hydroxylated substrate, it preferentially catalyzed C7 prenylation with reverse N1 prenylation as a secondary reaction. Moreover, RePT also possessed substrate-dependent organic solvent tolerance in the presence of 20% (v/v) methanol or DMSO, where a significant conversion (> 90%) was maintained. Our study demonstrates the potential of RePT as a biocatalyst for the production of bioactive prenylated aromatic amino acids, stilbenes, and various phenolic compounds.

Key points
• RePT catalyzes prenylation of diverse aromatic substrates.
• RePT enables O-prenylation of phenolics, especially stilbenes.
• The novel RePT remains active in 20% methanol or DMSO.

Graphical abstract
New Aesthetic Unit (NAU) Method: A Comprehensive Method Based on Accurate Anatomical Assessment and Precise Multilayering Panfacial Treatment for Hyaluronic Acid Fillers
Authors: Alizadeh Navid 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Recent progress in anatomy enables a more sophisticated approach to treat patients with facial aesthetic concerns (PFAC) with HA fillers. Furthermore, advances in rheology have offered a range of HA fillers with different biomechanical properties adapted to different indications.

Methods
Based on recent anatomical and rheological progresses, the author has developed a new methodology that couples an accurate patient assessment tool and a panfacial precise treatment instrument. In the presented method, the face is divided into 6 units called New Aesthetic Units (NAU). NAUs are classified on the extent of volume deficiency and asymmetry, ranging from none to moderate to severe deficiencies. After discussion with the patient regarding the assessment findings, a customized treatment plan, including timelines and number of sessions, is recommended. The modalities of the treatment are exhaustively described for each NAU based on multilayering, best practice medicine, and expert consensus available in the literature.

Results
Before-and after-case studies are presented to illustrate how the NAU method is used in routine practice for the treatment of two patients with HA fillers.

Conclusion
The NAU method is not only a practical and accurate roadmap for the assessment and treatment of PFAC with HA fillers, but also facilitates communication between injectors and patients and data analysis.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors http://www.springer.com/00266.
Micronutrient intake and status in young vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, pescatarians, flexitarians, and omnivores
Authors: Groufh-Jacobsen Synne , Larsson Christel , Margerison Claire , Mulkerrins Isabelle , Aune Dagfinn , Medin Anine Christine 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Whether youth who follow plant-based diets in Nordic countries meet their dietary needs for micronutrients remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate micronutrient intake and status in Norwegian youth following vegan, lacto-ovo-vegetarian, pescatarian, flexitarian and omnivore diets.

Methods
Cross-sectional design, with healthy 16-to-24-year-olds (n = 165). Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire and four 24-hour dietary recalls. Dried blood spots (DBS) and spot-urine samples were collected for analysis of methyl malonic acid (MMA) (n = 65), haemoglobin (Hb) (n = 164) and urinary iodine concentration (UIC) (n = 163).

Results
Vegans reported highest habitual supplement usage of multivitamin (58%), B12 (90%) and macroalgae consumption (32%), while flexitarians reported highest habitual usage of omega-3 supplements (56%). For daily supplement usage, vegans reported highest use of multivitamins (42%), B12 (79%), iodine (37%) and iron (63%). Increased risk of inadequate intake (energy-adjusted) were found for vitamin D (60% within lacto-ovo-vegetarians), selenium (70% within lacto-ovo-vegetarians, 65% within omnivores), and iodine (63% within vegans). Median MMA levels suggest low risk of insufficient B12 status across all groups (MMA 0.04‒0.37µmol/l) and 2% had MMA levels indicating possible B12 deficiency and 8% had elevated levels. Median Hb levels indicated low risk of anemia across all groups (≥ 12.0 females, ≥ 13.0 g/dl males), though 7% had Hb values indicating risk of mild anemia and 4% risk of moderate anemia. The median UIC indicates mild iodine deficiency in all groups (UIC < 100 µg/l), except vegans, who were moderately iodine deficient (UIC < 50 µg/l).

Conclusions
Our study indicated that the participating youth had low risk of inadequate intake of most micronutrients, partly due to high supplement usage. However, for iodine, vitamin D, and selenium higher risk of inadequate intake was found. UIC corroborated the low iodine intake among vegans. Thus, we suggest iodine status of youth in Norway should be monitored, especially among young fertile women who omits dietary iodine sources, until a mandatory iodine fortification program is implemented. Furthermore, we suggest that food education on how to secure sufficient nutrients from food in general should be provided to the Norwegian youth population, especially how to secure adequate intake of vitamin D, selenium and iodine.
Volume phase transition of NIPAM based copolymer microgels with non-thermoresponsive comonomers
Authors: Krüger Jannis , Kakorin Sergej , Hellweg Thomas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe analyze the swelling behavior of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM)-based microgels incorporating the non-thermoresponsive comonomer N-tert-butylacrylamide (NtBAM) using photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Previous thermodynamic analysis of PNIPAM-co-NtBAM microgel swelling relied on the classical Flory-Rehner theory. However, this approach struggled to accurately describe swelling curves at higher NtBAM content. Our present work combines the original expression for the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter $$\chi _{FH}$$

χ

FH

for NtBAM with a recently adapted Hill-like model for the interaction parameter $$\chi _{Hill}$$

χ

Hill

that accounts for cooperative effects in the volume phase transition in poly(NIPAM) microgels. This approach outperforms other methods in fitting quality. The observed results are revealing an exponential decrease in hydrodynamic radius upon increasing NtBAM content for swollen microgels. In addition, an exponential decay of the number of water molecules leaving the polymer chain during the volume phase transition is found, which can be attributed to the steric influence of one NtBAM monomer on the hydration of neighboring NIPAM monomers. The molar interaction enthalpy $$\Delta H_{SP}= \text {-49 kJ / mol}$$

Δ

H

SP

=
-49 kJ / mol

and entropy $$\Delta S_{SP} = \text {-177 J /( mol K)}$$

Δ

S

SP

=
-177 J /( mol K)

were obtained from the fits of the swelling curves.
Graphical Abstract
Tendon graft through the coracoid tunnel versus under the coracoid for coracoclavicular/acromioclavicular reconstruction shows no difference in radiographic or patient-reported outcomes
Authors: Ranne Juha O. , Kainonen Terho U. , Kanto Kari J. , Lehtinen Janne T. , Niemi Pekka T. , Scheinin Harry 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The purpose of this prospective study was to report the outcomes of two different methods in CC and AC reconstruction for the treatment of AC separation using a tendon graft and knot-hiding titanium clavicular implant.

Materials and methods
Twenty-seven patients with Rockwood grade III and V acromioclavicular (AC) separations were randomized into two groups. The primary outcome was whether taking the tendon graft through the coracoid risked a fracture. The following were secondary outcomes: follow-up of clavicular wound healing and Nottingham Clavicle score, Constant score, and Simple Shoulder Test results obtained preoperatively and 24 months postoperatively. The anteroposterior radiographic change between the clavicular and coracoid cortexes and the clavicular tunnel diameter was measured postoperatively and 24 months postoperatively. General patient satisfaction with the outcome (poor, fair, good, or excellent) was assessed 2 years postoperatively.

Results
No coracoid fractures were detected. No issues in clavicular wound healing were detected. The mean Nottingham Clavicle score increased from a preoperative mean of 42.42 ± 13.42 to 95.31 ± 14.20 (P < 0.00). The Constant score increased from a preoperative mean of 50.81 ± 17.77 to 96.42 ± 11.51 (P < 0.001). The Simple Shoulder Test score increased from a preoperative mean of 7.50 ± 2.45 to 11.77 ± 1.18 (P < 0.001). The changes were significant. The coracoclavicular distance increased from 11.88 ± 4.00 to 14.19 ± 4.71 mm (P = 0.001), which was significant. The clavicular drill hole diameter increased from 5.5 to a mean of 8.00 ± 0.75 mm. General patient satisfaction was excellent.

Conclusions
There were no significant differences between the two groups. There were no implant related complications in the clavicular wound healing. The results support the notion that good results are achieved by reconstructing both the CC and AC ligaments with a tendon graft.

Study registration
This clinical trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov.
MRI-confirmed cochlear artery infarct clinically diagnosed in a patient with sickle cell disease: a case report
Authors: Risoud Michaël , Toulemonde Philippine , Beck Cyril , Charley Quentin , Suzzoni Édouard , Vincent Christophe , Dubrulle Frédérique 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To corroborate the vascular etiology of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Patient
A 24-year-old male with a history of sickle cell disease experienced sudden SNHL and right horizontal nystagmus, without accompanying vertigo.

Intervention
Audiometric evaluation revealed left-sided SNHL, predominantly affecting high frequencies. Video head impulse testing demonstrated isolated dysfunction of the left posterior semicircular canal. An urgent brain MRI identified a recent punctiform ischemic stroke in the frontal region. A subsequent MRI, conducted with a 4-hour delay and post-contrast enhancement, highlighted a hyperintense signal within the left cochlear region and the left posterior semicircular canal.

Conclusion
The investigative results substantiate an infarction in the territory of the cochlear artery, precipitated by a vaso-occlusive event, thereby reinforcing the vascular hypothesis of cochleovestibular artery syndrome. This case underscores the congruence between clinical observations and delayed post-contrast MRI findings.
Ambulatory isolated diastolic hypertension and risk of left ventricular hypertrophy in children with primary and secondary hypertension
Authors: Myette Robert L. , Obrycki Łukasz , Litwin Mieczysław , Seeman Tomáš , Šuláková Terezie , Feber Janusz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Pediatric blood pressure (BP) assessment and management is increasingly important. Uncontrolled systolic and combined hypertension leads to hypertension-mediated organ damage. The impact of isolated diastolic hypertension is less clearly understood.

Methods
We analyzed the prevalence of ambulatory isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) in primary (PH) and secondary (SH) hypertension, and associations with BMI Z-score (BMIz) and left ventricular mass index adjusted to the 95th percentile (aLVMI) in a large, multicenter cohort of hypertensive children. Hypertensive children were divided and analyzed in three ambulatory hypertension subgroups: 24-h, daytime, and nighttime. Specifically, we sought to determine the prevalence of ambulatory 24-h, daytime, or nighttime IDH.

Results
Prevalence of IDH varied based on ambulatory phenotypes, ranging from 6 to 12%, and was highest in children with SH. Children with IDH tended to be more likely female and, in some cases, were leaner than those with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH). Despite previous pediatric studies suggesting no strong association between diastolic blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), we observed that children with IDH were equally likely to have LVH and had comparable aLVMI to those with ISH and combined systolic-diastolic hypertension.

Conclusions
In summary, ambulatory IDH appears to be a unique phenotype with a female sex, and younger age predilection, but equal risk for LVH in children with either PH or SH.

Graphical abstract
Increasing trend of childhood type 1 diabetes incidence: 20-year observation from Greater Poland Province, Poland
Authors: Niechciał Elżbieta , Michalak Michał , Skowrońska Bogda , Fichna Piotr 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aim
Type 1 diabetes is one of the fastest-growing chronic health conditions. Estimating the incidence rate of childhood type 1 diabetes will allow to aid in adequate planning of health care resources. The study’s aim was to assess the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes in children below 15 years of age from Greater Poland (Poland) between 2006 and 2018, and then to compare obtained data to records collected between 1998 and 2003 in pediatric population aged 0–14 years from the same area.

Methods
In this cohort study covering the period from January 1998 to December 2018, data were collected for children and adolescents below 14 years of age with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes living in Greater Poland. The overall population size was taken from the Statistical Office of Poland. Total, sex-, and age-specific incidence rates per 100,000 person-years were calculated for each calendar year.

Results
Over a 20-year period, the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0–14 years rose around 3.6-fold, from 8.4/100,000 in 1998 to 30.8/100,000 in 2018, with the peak incidence recorded in last year of the study. A clear male predominance of type 1 diabetes was seen in all ages. The rate of type 1 diabetes incidence growth was comparable between all age groups, while the highest incidence rate was mostly observed in children aged 5–9 and 10–14 years.

Conclusions
The incidence of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0–14 years is rapidly increasing in Greater Poland.
Beyond the Surface: Non-Invasive Low-Field NMR Analysis of Microbially-Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation in Shale Fractures
Authors: Willett Matthew R. , Bedey Kayla , Crandall Dustin , Seymour Joseph D. , Rutqvist Jonny , Cunningham Alfred B. , Phillips Adrienne J. , Kirkland Catherine M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicrobially-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a biological process in which microbially-produced urease enzymes convert urea and calcium into solid calcium carbonate (CaCO3) deposits. MICP has been demonstrated to reduce permeability in shale fractures under elevated pressures, raising the possibility of applying this technology to enhance shale reservoir storage safety. For this and other applications to become a reality, non-invasive tools are needed to determine how effectively MICP seals shale fractures at subsurface temperatures. In this study, two different MICP strategies were tested on 2.54 cm diameter and 5.08 cm long shale cores with a single fracture at 60 ℃. Flow-through, pulsed-flow MICP-treatment was repeatedly applied to Marcellus shale fractures with and without sand (“proppant”) until reaching approximately four orders of magnitude reduction in apparent permeability, while a single application of polymer-based “immersion” MICP-treatment was applied to an Eagle Ford shale fracture with proppant. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) and X-Ray computed microtomography (micro-CT) techniques were used to assess the degree of biomineralization. With the flow-through approach, these tools revealed that while CaCO3 precipitation occurred throughout the fracture, there was preferential precipitation around proppant. Without proppant, the same approach led to premature sealing at the inlet side of the core. In contrast, immersion MICP-treatment sealed off the fracture edges and showed less mineral precipitation overall. This study highlights the use of LF-NMR relaxometry in characterizing fracture sealing and can help guide NMR logging tools in subsurface remediation efforts.
PBAT is biodegradable but what about the toxicity of its biodegradation products?
Authors: Martínez Ana , Perez-Sanchez Emiliano , Caballero Alexis , Ramírez Rodrigo , Quevedo Esperanza , Salvador-García Diana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Context
Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is a biodegradable plastic. It was introduced to the plastics market in 1998 and since then has been widely used around the world. The main idea of this research is to perform quantum chemical calculations to study the potential toxicity of PBAT and its degradation products. We analyzed the electron transfer capacity to determine its potential toxicity. We found that biodegradable products formed with benzene rings are as good electron acceptors as PBAT and OOH•. Our results indicate that the biodegradation products are potentially as toxic as PBAT. This might explain why biodegradation products alter the photosynthetic system of plants and inhibit their growth. From this and other previous investigations, we can think that biodegradable plastics could represent a potential environmental risk.

Methods
All DFT computations were performed using the Gaussian16 at M062x/6–311 + g(2d,p) level of theory without symmetry constraints. Electro-donating (ω-) and electro-accepting (ω +) powers were used as response functions.
Current status and progress of PD-L1 detection: guiding immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Qi Chang , Li Yalun , Zeng Hao , Wei Qi , Tan Sihan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Weimin , Tian Panwen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths and represents a substantial disease burden worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy are the standard first-line therapy for advanced NSCLC without driver mutations. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is currently the only approved immunotherapy marker. PD-L1 detection methods are diverse and have developed rapidly in recent years, such as improved immunohistochemical detection methods, the application of liquid biopsy in PD-L1 detection, genetic testing, radionuclide imaging, and the use of machine learning methods to construct PD-L1 prediction models. This review focuses on the detection methods and challenges of PD-L1 from different sources, and discusses the influencing factors of PD-L1 detection and the value of combined biomarkers. Provide support for clinical screening of immunotherapy-advantage groups and formulation of personalized treatment decisions.