bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spirituality and Religion in Outpatients with Schizophrenia: A Multi-Site Comparative Study of Switzerland, Canada, and the United States
Authors: Mohr Sylvia , Borras Laurence , Nolan Jennifer , Gillieron Christiane , Brandt Pierre-Yves , Eytan Ariel , Leclerc Claude , Perroud Nader , Whetten Kathryn , Pieper Carl , Koenig Harold G. , Huguelet Philippe 
Published: November 2012

Objective: To assess the importance of spirituality and religious coping among outpatients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder living in three countries. Method: A total of 276 outpatients (92 from Geneva, Switzerland, 121 from Trois-Rivières, Canada, and 63 from Durham, North Carolina), aged 18–65, were administered a semi-structured interview on the role of spirituality and religiousness in their lives and to cope with their illness. Results: Religion is important for outpatients in each of the three country sites, and religious involvement is higher than in the general population. Religion was helpful (i.e., provided a positive sense of self and positive coping with the illness) among 87% of the participants and harmful (a source of despair and suffering) among 13%. Helpful religion was associated with better social, clinical and psychological status. The opposite was observed for the harmful aspects of religion. In addition, religion sometimes conflicted with psychiatric treatment. Conclusions: These results indicate that outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder often use spirituality and religion to cope with their illness, basically positively, yet sometimes negatively. These results underscore the importance of clinicians taking into account the spiritual and religious lives of patients with schizophrenia.
Temporal Relationships of Emotional Avoidance in a Patient with Anorexia Nervosa—A Time Series Analysis
Authors: Stroe-Kunold Esther , Wesche Daniela , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Herzog Wolfgang , Zastrow Arne , Wild Beate 
Published: November 2012

Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious eating disorder marked by self-induced underweight. In patients with AN, the avoidance of emotions appears to be a central feature that is reinforced during the acute state of the disorder. This single case study investigated the role of emotional avoidance of a 25-year-old patient with AN during her inpatient treatment. Method: Throughout the course of 96 days, the patient answered questions daily about her emotional avoidance, pro-anorectic beliefs, perfectionism, and further variables on an electronic diary. The patient's daily self-assessment of emotional avoidance was described in terms of mean value, range, and variability for the various treatment phases. Temporal relationships between emotional avoidance and further variables were determined using a time series approach (vector autoregressive (VAR) modelling). Results: Diary data reflect that the patient's ability to tolerate unpleasant emotions appeared to undergo a process of change during inpatient treatment. Results of the time series analysis indicate that the more the patient was able to deal with negative emotions on any one day ( t—1), the less she would be socially avoidant, cognitively confined to food and eating, as well as feeling less secure with her AN, and less depressive on the following day (t). Conclusions: The findings show that for this patient emotional avoidance plays a central role in the interacting system of various psychosocial variables. Replication of these results in other patients with AN would support the recommendation to focus more on emotional regulation in the treatment of AN.
Psychiatric Morbidity as a Risk Factor for Hospital Readmission for Acute Myocardial Infarction: An 8-Year Follow-up Study in Spain
Authors: Andrés Eva , García-Campayo Javier , Magán Purificación , Barredo Elena , Cordero Alberto , León Montserrat , Botaya Rosa Magallón , García-Ortiz Luis , Gómez Manuel , Alegría Eduardo , Casasnovas José A. 
Published: November 2012

Background and Objective: Most previous studies assess the effect of depression and other psychiatric variables as risk factors for acute myocardial infarction; however, studies that assess the effect of psychiatric disorders as a whole are scarce, compared with other non-psychiatric factors. The aim of this study is to assess the importance of psychiatric morbidity, compared with other risk factors, in hospital readmission for acute myocardial infarction. Methods: This is a 8-year follow-up study in which the Hospital Discharge Administrative Database was used. Results: From the total sample (11,062 patients), 590 patients (4.88%) were diagnosed with some mental disorder. Psychiatric disorders were more common in women than in men with myocardial infarction (4.76 % and 6.20%, respectively, p-value = 0.002). For those who have had recurrence of stroke, mental disease influences in the consecutive readmission for AMI with the same severity as did tobacco, diabetes, or obesity. Conclusions: The main finding of this study is the enormous impact of psychiatric disorders on readmissions for AMI, comparable to diabetes, obesity, cerebral vascular disease, and hypertension. Interestingly, the efforts made to treat and prevent psychiatric disorders in AMI patients are clearly lower than those health authorities make with respect to classic risk factors.
Frankenstein and the Mute Figure of Melodrama
Authors: Raub Emma 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT:In 1823, Richard Brinsley Peake, a forgotten “hack” playwright, adapted Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein for the melodramatic stage and produced the image of the monster that has dominated since. Presumption; or, The Fate of Frankenstein and its lead actor, T.P. Cooke, introduced the convention of playing Shelley’s creature as an inarticulate beast. The few scholarly works on Presumption accuse Peake of merely silencing and thereby dehumanizing Shelley’s expressive creation. Yet the production radically reinterpreted the monster by way of the most sympathetic and articulate role of the melodramatic stage: the voiceless but virtuous mute. “Frankenstein and the Mute Figure of Melodrama” traces the way Presumption appropriates and adapts the conventions of melodramatic muteness. It shows how Peake physically constructed Shelley’s monster as both victim and villain, juxtaposing the creature’s innocence, expressed in mute gesture, with the inhumanity conveyed by Cooke’s makeup and costume, thus compelling nineteenth-century theatregoers to locate both within a single character. Such a conclusion suggests not only a radical re-evaluation of Peake’s engagement with Shelley: it implies as well a revised and much richer history, even at this early date, of the valence and operations of melodramatic muteness as well as the ostensible moral legibility of melodramatic drama.
Victorian Railway Accident and the Melodramatic Imagination
Authors: Smith Matthew Wilson 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT:A central crisis of representation in the Victorian period was this: how might one represent an ill that is not villainous but systemic? This article traces the ways in which several Victorians struggled to address that quandary during a brief period of paradigm shift: the middle years of the 1860s. The article’s first half explores ways in which the railway accident interrupted central conventions of melodrama. This section surveys editorial cartoonists, writers for Dickens’s journals Household Words and All the Year Round, volume one of Karl Marx’s Capital (1867), and Augustin Daly’s sensation drama Under the Gaslight (1867). The second half focuses on Dickens’s ghost story “No. 1 Branch Line. The Signal-Man.” Written a year after the Staplehurst disaster, the story gropes toward a new language for a traumatic condition, a language haunted by melodrama even as it moves beyond it.
The Art of Everyday Haunting
Authors: Coughlan David 
Published: November 2012

The question of where ghosts live can hardly be addressed without speaking of a haunted house. This essay reads Don DeLillo's novel The Body Artist, in which there is a ghost called Mr. Tuttle who haunts the house of Lauren Hartke, the body artist, as a text grafted onto Jacques Derrida's Dissemination. The essay takes as its starting point the first words spoken in DeLillo's text, ‘I want to say something but what’, a quasi-question directed to Lauren by her husband Rey, in order to ask if it can ever be said what lies on the other side of ‘what’, or if it remains forever unknowable, or unheard, at an ‘infinite remove’, even if it is one's self. It is Rey's suicide, and Lauren's subsequent work of mourning, which locates DeLillo's phrase within the context of Derrida's efforts, again and again, to give words to those whose voices are absent: the lost friend, the other self, the dead. To Lauren's question, ‘What am I supposed to say?’ Derrida replies, ‘Speaking is impossible, but so too would be silence or absence’. Through the ghostly form of Mr. Tuttle, DeLillo's work tells of the various mimetisms by which the silent speaker is heard and remembered.
The leaf‐area shrinkage effect can bias paleoclimate and ecology research
Authors: Blonder Benjamin , Buzzard Vanessa , Simova Irena , Sloat Lindsey , Boyle Brad , Lipson Rebecca , Aguilar‐Beaucage Brianna , Andrade Angelina , Barber Benjamin , Barnes Chris , Bushey Dharma , Cartagena Paulina , Chaney Max , Contreras Karina , Cox Mandarava , Cueto Maya , Curtis Cannon , Fisher Mariah , Furst Lindsey , Gallegos Jessica , Hall Ruby , Hauschild Amelia , Jerez Alex , Jones Nadja , Klucas Aaron , Kono Anita , Lamb Mary , Matthai Jacob David Ruiz , McIntyre Colten , McKenna Joshua , Mosier Nicholas , Navabi Maya , Ochoa Alex , Pace Liam , Plassmann Ryland , Richter Rachel , Russakoff Ben , Aubyn Holden St. , Stagg Ryan , Sterner Marley , Stewart Emily , Thompson Ting Ting , Thornton Jake , Trujillo Parker J. , Volpe Trevor J. , Enquist Brian J. 
Published: November 2012

• Premise of the Study: Leaf area is a key trait that links plant form, function, and environment. Measures of leaf area can be biased because leaf area is often estimated from dried or fossilized specimens that have shrunk by an unknown amount. We tested the common assumption that this shrinkage is negligible.• Methods: We measured shrinkage by comparing dry and fresh leaf area in 3401 leaves of 380 temperate and tropical species and used phylogenetic and trait‐based approaches to determine predictors of this shrinkage. We also tested the effects of rehydration and simulated fossilization on shrinkage in four species.• Key Results: We found that dried leaves shrink in area by an average of 22% and a maximum of 82%. Shrinkage in dried leaves can be predicted by multiple morphological traits with a standard deviation of 7.8%. We also found that mud burial, a proxy for compression fossilization, caused negligible shrinkage, and that rehydration, a potential treatment of dried herbarium specimens, eliminated shrinkage.• Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the amount of shrinkage is driven by variation in leaf area, leaf thickness, evergreenness, and woodiness and can be reversed by rehydration. The amount of shrinkage may also be a useful trait related to ecologically and physiological differences in drought tolerance and plant life history.
The MyHealthCheckup Study: Training Graduate Students to Implement Cardiovascular Risk Screening Programs in Community Pharmacies
Authors: Banack Hailey R. , Grover Samuel , Kaouche Mohammed , Marchand Sylvie , Lowensteyn Ilka 
Published: November 2012

Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite this fact and the development of efective antihypertensive drug therapy, hypertension is often poorly controlled. Community pharmacies are an ideal site for the management of hypertension and other modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. The purpose of the current study was to develop and assess a pharmacy-based cardiovascular risk screening program implemented by graduate students. Methods: Four graduate students trained as health coaches screened a convenience sample of adults who were interested in cardiovascular risk assessment in 21 Montreal area pharmacies. On the screening day, we assessed cardiovascular risk factors, including blood pressure, used the Cardiovascular Life Expectancy Model, which includes cardiovascular age, to inform patients of their personalized risk profile, delivered an individualized health coaching intervention and conducted a participant satisfaction survey. This was followed by an individualized health coaching intervention. The intervention program was implemented by trained graduate students and supported by pharmacists. Results: Among the 238 patients who participated (57% female, mean age 60.6 years), 67% had a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 kg/m2, 52% had abdominal obesity, 58% reported insufficient physical activity and 14% were smokers. A total of 120 patients (51%) were taking antihypertensive medication, yet 63 (53%) had blood pressure readings above currently accepted targets. Higher BMI and physical inactivity were associated with increased rates of poorly controlled hypertension. Conclusion: The screening program identified individuals with modifiable cardiovascular risk factors and poorly controlled hypertension. The intervention program was well received by participants and the majority provided contact information for future cardiovascular screening clinics. These findings support the feasibility of screening programs run by graduate students in the pharmacy setting.
De la perte du pare-excitation de l'enveloppe psychique au renfort par l'enveloppe domicile : histoire clinique dans un dispositif d'had
Authors: Pager Romain 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Nous proposons ici de considérer le domicile en tant qu’il constitue une enveloppe. Une analogie peut être faite entre les fonctions de l’enveloppe constituée par le domicile et les fonctions de l’enveloppe psychique. À travers le cas clinique de Madeleine, nous montrerons qu’un sujet psychotique peut, notamment au cours d’un épisode de décompensation marquée par une perte de l’efficacité de la fonction de pare-excitation de son enveloppe psychique, se mettre à agir, penser et ressentir comme si son domicile était réellement un élément de son enveloppe psychique. Dans tous les cas, il peut être utile, lors de la conduite d’entretiens à domicile, de prendre en compte l’usage que le patient fait de son enveloppe domicile dans sa relation au clinicien.
Perdre et se perdre : le travail analytique de groupe avec des patients psychotiques au long cours
Authors: Papathanasiou Evgenia , Toliou Anastasia 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Cet article aborde la question de la perte sous l’angle de la prise en charge d’un groupe de patients psychotiques au long cours en institution psychiatrique. Nous observons que ces patients entretiennent un lien de dépendance extrême avec le cadre institutionnel. Comment soutenir le processus d’autonomisation ? Nous présenterons notre travail avec un groupe de psychothérapie analytique et nous décrirons une séance clinique pour illustrer nos réflexions sur la mobilisation psychique dans le fonctionnement psychotique en rapport avec l’expérience de la perte.
Il y a tant à perdre à l'adolescence !
Authors: Belamich Garance , Costantino Charlotte 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Il faut pouvoir se souvenir de l’enfant d’hier pour pouvoir le quitter progressivement. Se souvenir pour pouvoir grandir... C’est ainsi que pourrait être désigné le travail psychothérapeutique que les auteurs proposent aux patients adolescents, à cheval entre l’enfance regrettée qu’il faut quitter avec nostalgie et l’âge adulte redouté qu’il faut apprivoiser avec autant de curiosité que d’appréhensions. À quelles pertes l’adolescent est-il confronté ? Quelle est la place de la remémoration dans ce processus thérapeutique à l’âge de l’entre-deux ? Soutient-elle le processus qui conduit l’adolescent vers les renoncements nécessaires ? Comment l’institution crée-t-elle les conditions à son élaboration ? Quelle sorte de retrouvailles avec les objets de l’enfance permet-elle ? En quoi se souvenir permet de renoncer aux positions infantiles antérieures et soutient le processus de deuil nécessaire ?
Un « chez-soi » en ehpad ?
Authors: Ferreira Élisabeth , Zawieja Philippe 
Published: November 2012

Résumé L’entrée en maison de retraite demande à la personne âgée à la fois de faire le deuil d’un « chez-soi » et de tenter d’en recréer un nouveau. À partir d’une double dynamique d’identité et de protection, cet article examine selon quelles modalités le résident peut investir son nouveau domicile, et comment l’institution peut jouer son rôle de puissance accueillante.
L'autisme
Authors: Vidal Jean-Marie 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Les confusions entre autisme et carences de soins parentaux d’un côté, ou débilité mentale de l’autre, tiennent au fait que ces trois troubles montrent des symptômes semblables malgré des causes très distinctes. Le « trouble envahissant » qu’est l’autisme concerne spécifiquement le développement humain de la symbolisation. Se priver des approches psychanalytiques de ce développement et de ses dérives pathologiques relèverait de l’obscurantisme. Il nous faut plutôt repérer les limites de la « technique du jeu » avec des enfants autistes et envisager des modalités leur permettant d’opérer le « partage symbolique » des personnes de leur entourage.
Synthesis and characterization of clay/polyaniline nanofiber hybrids
Authors: Wang Baoxiang , Yin Yichao , Liu Chenjie , Yu Shoushan , Chen Kezheng 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA modified interfacial polymerization was used to prepare polyaniline (PANI) nanohybrids. The influence of the synthetic route, amounts of bentonite, and the surfactant on the structure, morphology, and optical properties of the as‐synthesized nanocomposite were investigated. These materials were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and rheometer. The results show that PANI could be intercalated into the interlayer of the bentonite. The interlayer space increased from 1.25 to 1.486 nm. Then, the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide was used to modify the surface of bentonite, which was helpful in hybridizing with PANI for its hydrophobic properties. Both the intercalated and coating structure were found in the bentonite/PANI nanohybrid. The TEM and SEM images verified that the surface of the bentonite plate was coated by PANI nanofibers. In addition, for the study of the electroresponsive behavior, the composite was dispersed in silicone oil, and its electrorheological characteristics were examined via both an optical microscope and a rheometer equipped with a high‐voltage power source. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Influence of nanofillers on the sorption and diffusion characteristics of the solvent in vulcanized hydrogenated nitrile rubber nanocomposite
Authors: Choudhury Anusuya , Bhowmick Anil K. , Soddemann Matthias 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe impact of nanofillers on the swelling characteristics of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR)–clay nanocomposites was thoroughly investigated. The nanocomposites exhibited a dramatic decrease in the solvent uptake compared to the unfilled HNBR even at very low filler loadings because of the molecular dispersion of the organically modified montmorillonite and sepiolite and strong interaction between the HNBR and clays. The dispersion of the clay layers was verified by transmission electron microscopy. In addition, the clay content was found to influence the solvent uptake properties of the HNBR–clay nanocomposites. The diffusion and sorption behavior of chloroform in the HNBR–clay nanocomposites at different loadings was studied by a conventional weight gain method. The diffusion results were analyzed in terms of the simple Fickian model. Finally, Arrhenius and thermodynamic parameters were evaluated from these diffusion data. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
1‐naphthylacetic‐acid‐functionalized polyacrylate‐coated urea with dual controlled‐release properties
Authors: Qiu Xiaoyun , Zhu Dacai , Tao Shuming , Chen Chao , Ren Xueqin , Hu Shuwen 
Published: November 2012

AbstractEsters derived from 1‐naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and polyacrylate were synthesized and a dual controlled‐release formulation was developed by coating fertilizers with these esters. FT‐IR, 1H NMR, TGA, and DSC were used to characterize the synthesized polymers, and the mechanical properties were also tested. Urea granules were coated with NAA esters, and the release rates of urea from the coated granules in water were measured. NAA release from the esters was performed in different buffer solutions and in soil. The results showed that the coated fertilizers were able to release urea in a controlled pattern and that NAA could be slowly released from membranes of the esters in both buffer solutions and in soil through hydrolysis. The coated fertilizer's availability could last more than 28 days and that of NAA could last more than 12 months, which suggested that the prepared CRF possessed dual controlled‐release of urea and NAA. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Microencapsulation of APP‐I and influence of microencapsulated APP‐I on microstructure and flame retardancy of PP/APP‐I/PER composites
Authors: Zhou Jian , Yang Lin , Wang Xinlong , Fu Quanjun , Sun Qiaolu , Zhang Zhiye 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn this article, the microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate crystalline with form I (APP‐I) coated with melamine‐formaldehyde (MF) was prepared by in situ polymerization. Results of Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG) energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrate that APP‐I is successfully microencapsulated with MF. Compared with APP‐I, the microencapsulated APP‐I with MF (MFAPP‐I) is of much smaller spheroidal particle size and lower solubility in water. In this study, the polypropylene (PP)/APP‐I/penpaerythritol (PER) and PP/MFAPP‐I/PER composites are prepared, and flame retardancy, thermal stability, and microstructure of corresponding composites are carefully investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 testing, TG, EDS, and SEM. Experimental results show that PP/MFAPP‐I/PER composites have advantages over PP/APP‐I/PER composites in terms of flame retardant properties and water resistance. Results of TG, SEM, and EDS show that the microencapsulated APP‐I with MF resin is conducive to increase the amount of residual yield and improve thermal stability of PP/MFAPP‐I/PER composites and the compatibility and dispersion of MFAPP‐I. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Preparation and characterization of thin film composite membranes modified with amine‐functionalized β‐cyclodextrins
Authors: Mbuli Bhekani S. , Dlamini Derrick S. , Nxumalo Edward N. , Krause Rui W. , Pillay Visvanathan L. , Oren Yoram , Linder Charles , Mamba Bhekie B. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis article describes the preparation and characterization of thin film composite (TFC) membranes for the treatment of water by desalination and removal of organic pollutants. The TFC membranes were prepared using trimesoyl chloride and m‐phenyldiamine. Amine‐functionalized β‐cyclodextrins (CDs) were added to modify membrane flux and rejection. Contact angle measurements demonstrate that the incorporation of the functionalized CDs increased the hydrophilicity of the membrane. All the modified membranes showed improved fluxes with a maximum of 20 L m−2 h−1 compared to 5.59 L m−2 h−1 for the unmodified membranes at a pressure of 100 psi. Further, improved fluxes and salt rejections were achieved (maximum NaCl and Na2SO4 salt rejections were 86% and 94.7%, respectively). Thus, the incorporation of functionalized CDs into TFC membranes improves both the hydrophilicity for minimizing fouling and the rejection of salts without loss of flux. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013