bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of virulent genotypes and phylogenetic origins of Helicobacter pylori with gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Lili , Zhan Shuhui , Zhou Jianhua , Huang Jingjing , Yu Xinjuan , Dong Kaixin , Dong Quanjiang 
Published: May 2014

Objective To investigate the association between the genotypes, sequence variations and phylogenetic origins of strains of Helicobacter pylori with gastric cancer in Chinese patients. Methods Strains of H. pylori were isolated from patients with chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. Genotypes of the cagA and vacA genes were determined using polymerase chain reaction. Sequence analysis was used to detect variations in the 3′ and 5′ regions of cagA, and to detect known polymorphisms in cagE. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the analysis of seven housekeeping genes. Results A total of 67 strains of H. pylori were analysed. Nearly all strains of H. pylori carried cagA (65/67; 97.0%), an East Asia type of the cagA 3′ region (63/65; 96.9%) and the vacA intermediate (i)1 genotype (65/67; 97.0%). None of the H. pylori strains examined had sequence variations in the 5′ region of cagA or cagE. Phylogenetic analyses, however, revealed that strains of H. pylori from gastric cancer tended to cluster together. Conclusions Virulent strains of H. pylori were highly prevalent, but virulent genotypes of H. pylori associated with gastric cancer were not detected in this geographical region.
Persistent HIV-related stigma among an outpatient US clinic population
Authors: Shacham Enbal , Rosenburg Neal , Önen Nur F , Donovan Michael F , Turner Overton E 
Published: May 2014

Summary Despite advancements in the public’s understanding of HIV infection, felt stigma towards individuals living with HIV persists. Stigma has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including poor adherence to care, and increased participation in HIV transmission risk behaviours. We evaluated the level of felt stigma and its relationship to other psychosocial and medical factors among a sample of 201 individuals with HIV engaged in care. The overall mean stigma score, as measured by the Reece Stigma Scale, was 21.7 (SD 8.7). In univariate analysis, felt stigma scores were higher among women, African Americans, younger participants, and individuals with less education. Higher felt stigma scores were also found among individuals who reported having fair to poor overall health, moderate to severe symptoms of depression and anxiety, and those with a current diagnosis of alcohol dependence, generalised anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, pain disorder, and current smokers. Higher felt stigma scores were independently associated with individuals with anxiety symptoms. These analyses highlight that stigma persists among individuals with HIV and may play an important role in HIV care. The relationship between psychiatric disorders and psychosocial factors highlights an opportunity to develop interventions that will address these common comorbidities and reduce stigma.
Investigation and prosecution following workplace fatalities: Responding to the needs of families
Authors: Matthews Lynda R , Fitzpatrick Scott J , Bohle Philip , Quinlan Michael 
Published: May 2014

AbstractEvery year, there are over 200 traumatic deaths at work in Australia. A government safety inspector usually investigates each incident. The investigation may lead to prosecution of the employer or another party deemed to have breached relevant legislation. However, little systematic research has examined the needs and interests of grieving families in this process. Drawing on interviews with 48 representatives of institutions that deal with deaths at work (including regulators, unions, employers, police and coronial officers), this article examines how they view the problems and experiences of families. Notwithstanding some recent improvements, findings indicate ongoing shortcomings in meeting the needs of families regarding information provision, involvement and securing justice.
Foster Youth and Social Support
Authors: Greeson Johanna K. P. , Garcia Antonio R. , Kim Minseop , Courtney Mark E. 
Published: May 2014

Objective: Conduct secondary data analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of Massachusetts’ Adolescent Outreach Program for Youths in Intensive Foster Care (Outreach) for increasing social support (SS) among enrolled youth. Participants: 194 youth in intensive foster care under the guardianship of the Massachusetts Department of Children and Families with a goal of independent living (IL) or long-term substitute care, and born between August 1985 and December 1990 (67% female, 66% White, 27% Hispanic) participated in the study between September 2004 and March 2009. Method: We hypothesized that Outreach compared to services as usual (SAU; control group) would increase participants’ SS and that there would be racial/ethnic disparities in SS as a function of the Outreach. Treatment effects were tested using mixed-effect models. Results: Outreach did not increase foster youth’s SS, compared to SAU. No racial/ethnic disparities in program effect were detected. Discussion and Applications to Social Work: Providers of IL services should reconsider how best to build and strengthen SS among the foster youth they serve.
An adverse lipid profile is associated with disability and progression in disability, in people with MS
Authors: Tettey Prudence , Simpson Steve , Taylor Bruce , Blizzard Leigh , Ponsonby Anne-Louise , Dwyer Terence , Kostner Karam , van der Mei Ingrid 
Published: May 2014

Background: There is accumulating data suggesting an association between serum lipids, apolipoproteins and disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives: To investigate the associations between serum lipids, apolipoproteins and disability in MS. Methods: A cohort of 178 participants with clinically-definite MS in southern Tasmania, Australia were prospectively followed from 2002 – 2005, and serum samples were obtained at study entry and at each biannual review, to measure lipid profile and apolipoprotein levels. Associations with disability and annual change in disability were evaluated using linear regression and multilevel mixed-effects linear regression. Results: In the unadjusted analyses, nearly all lipid-related variables were positively associated with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). After adjustment for confounders, total cholesterol (TC) ( p = 0.037), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) ( p = 0.003), and the apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A-I ratio (ApoB/ApoA-I ratio) ( p = 0.018) were independently associated with a higher EDSS. Higher body mass index (BMI) was also independently associated with higher EDSS ( p = 0.013). With the progression analysis, the total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (TC/HDL ratio) ( p = 0.029) was prospectively associated with subsequent change in EDSS. Conclusion: In this prospective population-based cohort study, an adverse lipid profile was associated with high levels of MS disability and disease progression. Improving serum lipids may be beneficial for MS patients, to potentially improve clinical outcomes and vascular comorbidities.
A retrospective quality assessment of the 7119 call triage system in Tokyo – telephone triage for non-ambulance cases
Authors: Sakurai Atsushi , Morimura Naoto , Takeda Munekazu , Miura Kunihisa , Kiyotake Naoshi , Ishihara Toru , Aruga Tohru 
Published: May 2014

Summary We assessed the accuracy of telephone triage at the 7119 telephone consultation centre in Tokyo. We evaluated walk-in patients at primary care facilities in a clinic or hospital. Nurses asked all patients calling 7119 to join the study and gave them a specific identification number (ID no) at the end of the telephone consultation. The outcome of the consultation was defined as discharge to home (home), admittance to hospital (hospitalization), referral, or transfer to another hospital. After matching consultation records and patient data by ID no, emergency medical physicians reviewed the protocol for problems. During the study, consultation nurses issued an ID no in 17,141 cases, and hospitals and clinics sent back the data on 1205 patients. Among these patients, 1119 cases (93%) were home, 59 cases (5%) were hospitalization, 18 cases (2%) were referral and 9 cases (1%) were transfer. Of the 86 cases which had an outcome of hospitalization, referral or transfer, there were 56 cases with matched patient data. Among these 56 cases, review showed no significant problems with 37 cases. However, there were 11 cases with patient refusal to comply with the triage recommendation, 4 cases with 7119 staff education problems and 4 cases with problems with the protocol itself. We were able to evaluate the 7119 telephone triage system in Tokyo. The study identified three types of problems with the triage process: refusal of telephone triage recommendations, problems with staff education and problems with the protocol itself.
The novel use of clozapine in an adolescent with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Argent Sarah Elizabeth , Hill Simon Alastair 
Published: May 2014

Background: Clozapine has been used to good effect in the treatment of adults with borderline personality disorder, but there is scant evidence of it being used in an adolescent population with these difficulties. Methods: Clozapine was trialled in an adolescent with a clinical presentation consistent with an emerging borderline personality disorder. Results: There was a large reduction in the number of incidents involving abuse to staff, or harm to self, in the 8 weeks after commencing clozapine therapy, compared with the 8 weeks prior, and also a large reduction in the number of episodes of the use of seclusion in the 13 weeks after commencing clozapine therapy, compared with the 13 weeks prior. The young person was also able to be reintegrated in to the ward environment once established on clozapine therapy, which had not been possible full-time, for a whole year prior. Conclusions: Although limited by involving just one adolescent, this very preliminary data does nonetheless suggest that clozapine may have a role in treating adolescents with emerging borderline personality disorder when other treatment options have been exhausted.
Omental implantation of BOECs in hemophilia dogs results in circulating FVIII antigen and a complex immune response
Authors: Ozelo Margareth C. , Vidal Barbara , Brown Christine , Notley Colleen , Hegadorn Carol , Webster Sandra , Harpell Lori , Ahlin James , Winterborn Andrew , Handforth Janine , Arruda Valder R. , Hough Christine , Lillicrap David 
Published: May 2014

Key Points
Implanting autologous FVIII-expressing BOECs results in sustained FVIII antigen in hemophilia dogs. Anti-FVIII immunoglobulin G2 antibodies develop.
6MP adherence in a multiracial cohort of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Children's Oncology Group study
Authors: Bhatia Smita , Landier Wendy , Hageman Lindsey , Kim Heeyoung , Chen Yanjun , Crews Kristine R. , Evans William E. , Bostrom Bruce , Casillas Jacqueline , Dickens David S. , Maloney Kelly W. , Neglia Joseph P. , Ravindranath Yaddanapudi , Ritchey A. Kim , Wong F. Lennie , Relling Mary V. 
Published: May 2014

Key Points
Adherence rates were significantly lower in African Americans (87%) and Asian Americans (90%), as compared with non-Hispanic whites (95%). Adherence to 6MP at <90% was associated with a 3.9-fold increased risk of relapse in a multiracial cohort of children with ALL.
TP53 mutations occur in 15.7% of ALL and are associated with MYC-rearrangement, low hypodiploidy, and a poor prognosis
Authors: Stengel Anna , Schnittger Susanne , Weissmann Sandra , Kuznia Sabrina , Kern Wolfgang , Kohlmann Alexander , Haferlach Torsten , Haferlach Claudia 
Published: May 2014

Key Points
TP53 mutations are detected in 15.7% of patients with ALL and are correlated to a low hypodiploid karyotype and to MYC-translocations. Disruption of both TP53 alleles is associated with adverse prognosis in ALL.
Consistent melting behavior induced by Joule heating between Ag microwire and nanowire meshes
Authors: Tsuchiya Kaoru , Li Yuan , Saka Masumi 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The melting behavior of an Ag microwire mesh induced by Joule heating was numerically investigated and compared with that of the corresponding Ag nanowire mesh with the same structure but different geometrical and physical properties of the wire itself. According to the relationship of melting current and melting voltage during the melting process, a similar repetitive zigzag pattern in melting behavior was discovered in both meshes. On this basis, a dimensionless parameter defined as figure of merit was proposed to characterize the current-carrying ability of the mesh. The consistent feature of figure of merit in both meshes indicates that the melting behavior of the Ag nanowire mesh can be predicted from the present results of the corresponding Ag microwire mesh with the same structure but made from a different wire (e.g., different size, different material) through simple conversion. The present findings can provide fundamental insight into the reliability analysis on the metallic nanowire mesh-based transparent conductive electrode.
Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal for patients with acute respiratory failure secondary to the acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review
Authors: Fitzgerald Marianne , Millar Jonathan , Blackwood Bronagh , Davies Andrew , Brett Stephen J , McAuley Daniel F , McNamee James J 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) continues to have significant mortality and morbidity. The only intervention proven to reduce mortality is the use of lung-protective mechanical ventilation strategies, although such a strategy may lead to problematic hypercapnia. Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) devices allow uncoupling of ventilation from oxygenation, thereby removing carbon dioxide and facilitating lower tidal volume ventilation. We performed a systematic review to assess efficacy, complication rates, and utility of ECCO2R devices. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), case–control studies and case series with 10 or more patients. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS (Literatura Latino Americana em Ciências da Saúde), and ISI Web of Science, in addition to grey literature and clinical trials registries. Data were independently extracted by two reviewers against predefined criteria and agreement was reached by consensus. Outcomes of interest included mortality, intensive care and hospital lengths of stay, respiratory parameters and complications. The review included 14 studies with 495 patients (two RCTs and 12 observational studies). Arteriovenous ECCO2R was used in seven studies, and venovenous ECCO2R in seven studies. Available evidence suggests no mortality benefit to ECCO2R, although post hoc analysis of data from the most recent RCT showed an improvement in ventilator-free days in more severe ARDS. Organ failure-free days or ICU stay have not been shown to decrease with ECCO2R. Carbon dioxide removal was widely demonstrated as feasible, facilitating the use of lower tidal volume ventilation. Complication rates varied greatly across the included studies, representing technological advances. There was a general paucity of high-quality data and significant variation in both practice and technology used among studies, which confounded analysis. ECCO2R is a rapidly evolving technology and is an efficacious treatment to enable protective lung ventilation. Evidence for a positive effect on mortality and other important clinical outcomes is lacking. Rapid technological advances have led to major changes in these devices and together with variation in study design have limited applicability of analysis. Further well-designed adequately powered RCTs are needed.
Subcellular mRNA localisation at a glance
Authors: Parton Richard M. , Davidson Alexander , Davis Ilan , Weil Timothy T. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
mRNA localisation coupled to translational regulation provides an important means of dictating when and where proteins function in a variety of model systems. This mechanism is particularly relevant in polarised or migrating cells. Although many of the models for how this is achieved were first proposed over 20 years ago, some of the molecular details are still poorly understood. Nevertheless, advanced imaging, biochemical and computational approaches have started to shed light on the cis-acting localisation signals and trans-acting factors that dictate the final destination of localised transcripts. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we provide an overview of mRNA localisation, from transcription to degradation, focusing on the microtubule-dependent active transport and anchoring mechanism, which we will use to explain the general paradigm. However, it is clear that there are diverse ways in which mRNAs become localised and target protein expression, and we highlight some of the similarities and differences between these mechanisms.
Formation of Gold Clusters on La–Ni Mixed Oxides and Its Catalytic Performance for Isomerization of Allylic Alcohols to Saturated Aldehydes
Authors: Ishida Tamao , Aimoto Jun , Hamasaki Akiyuki , Ohashi Hironori , Honma Tetsuo , Yokoyama Takushi , Sakata Kohei , Okumura Mitsutaka , Tokunaga Makoto 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Au/NiO catalyzed the isomerization of allylic alcohols to afford saturated aldehydes. La–Ni mixed oxide could stabilize Au(III) and afford gold clusters smaller than 1 nm by H2 reduction. The resulting Au clusters on La–Ni–O exhibited superior catalytic performance to Au/NiO for the isomerization of internal allylic alcohol, 2-octen-1-ol to octanal.
Simple Manual Grinding Synthesis of Highly Luminescent Mononuclear Cu(I)–Iodide Complexes
Authors: Ohara Hiroki , Kobayashi Atsushi , Kato Masako 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Highly luminescent mononuclear copper(I)–iodide complexes [CuI(PPh3)2(L)] have been synthesized by simple manual grinding of copper(I) iodide, PPh3, and N-heteroaromatic ligands (L = isoquinoline, 1,6-naphthyridine, and pyridine). They exhibit different colors of luminescence depending on L affording very high quantum yields (0.63–0.99).
Strategic Resource Allocation: Top-Down, Bottom-Up, and the Value of Strategic Buckets
Authors: Hutchison-Krupat Jeremy , Kavadias Stylianos 
Published: May 2014

When senior managers make the critical decision of whether to assign resources to a strategic initiative, they have less precise initiative-specific information than project managers who execute such initiatives. Senior management chooses between a decision process that dictates the resource level (top-down) and one that delegates the resource decision and gives up control in favor of more precise information (bottom-up). We investigate this choice and vary the amount of information asymmetry between stakeholders, the “penalty for failure” imposed upon project managers, and how challenging the initiative is for the firm. We find that no single decision process is the “best.” Bottom-up processes are beneficial for more challenging initiatives. Increased organizational penalties may prompt the firm to choose a narrower scope and deter the approval of profitable initiatives. Such penalties, however, enable an effective decision process known as “strategic buckets” that holds the potential to achieve first-best resource allocation levels. This paper was accepted by Kamalini Ramdas, entrepreneurship and innovation.
Prioritization via Stochastic Optimization
Authors: Koç Ali , Morton David P. 
Published: May 2014

We take a novel approach to decision problems involving binary activity-selection decisions competing for scarce resources. The literature approaches such problems by forming an optimal portfolio of activities. However, often practitioners instead form a rank-ordered list of activities and select those with the highest priority. We account for both viewpoints. We rank activities considering both the uncertainty in the problem parameters and the optimal portfolio that will be obtained once the uncertainty is revealed. We use stochastic integer programming as a modeling framework, and we apply our approach to a facility location problem and a multidimensional knapsack problem. We develop two sets of cutting planes to improve computation. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2013.1865 . This paper was accepted by Dimitris Bertsimas, optimization.
Validation of DNA Methylation Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Chatterton Zac , Burke Daniel , Emslie Kerry R , Craig Jeffery M , Ng Jane , Ashley David M , Mechinaud Francoise , Saffery Richard , Wong Nicholas C 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

BACKGROUND
DNA methylation biomarkers capable of diagnosis and subtyping have been found for many cancers. Fifteen such markers have previously been identified for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Validation of these markers is necessary to assess their clinical utility for molecular diagnostics. Substantial efficiencies could be achieved with these DNA methylation markers for disease tracking with potential to replace patient-specific genetic testing.

METHODS
We evaluated DNA methylation of promoter regions of TLX3 (T-cell leukemia homeobox) and FOXE3 (forkhead box E3) in bone marrow biopsies from 197 patients classified as leukemic (n = 95) or clear of the disease (n = 102) by MALDI-TOF. Using a single nucleotide extension assay (methylSABER), we tested 10 bone marrow biopsies collected throughout the course of patient chemotherapy. Using reference materials, diagnostic thresholds and limits of detection were characterized for both methods.

RESULTS
Reliable detection of DNA methylation of TLX3 and FOXE3 segregated ALL from those clear of disease with minimal false-negative and false-positive results. The limit of detection with MALDI-TOF was 1000–5000 copies of methylated allele. For methylSABER, the limit of detection was 10 copies of methylated TLX3, which enabled monitoring of minimal residual disease in ALL patients.

CONCLUSIONS
Mass spectrometry procedures can be used to regionally multiplex and detect rare DNA methylation events, establish DNA methylation loci as clinically applicable biomarkers for disease diagnosis, and track pediatric ALL.
Apocalypse Now, Vietnam, and the Rhetoric of Influence
Authors: Childs Jeffrey 
Published: May 2014

Readings of Francis Ford Coppola's Apocalypse Now (1979) often confront the difficulty of having to privilege either its aesthetic context (considering, for instance, its relation to Conrad's Heart of Darkness [1899] or to the history of cinema) or its value as a representation of the Vietnam War. In this paper, I will argue that viewing the film as a meditation on the nature and rhetoric of influence allows us to bridge this gap and provides us with valuable insights into both the film's aesthetic precursors and the circumstances of its historical setting.ResumoAs leituras do filme Apocalypse Now (1979) de Francis Ford Coppola são muitas vezes marcadas pelo imperativo de escolher entre uma abordagem ao seu contexto estético (referindo, por exemplo, a relação do filme com a obra Heart of Darkness [1899], de Conrad, ou com a história do cinema) e uma análise do seu valor enquanto representação da Guerra do Vietname. Neste ensaio, irei defender que uma aproximação ao filme enquanto meditação sobre a natureza e a retórica da influência permite preencher esta lacuna e realçar aspectos fundamentais quer acerca dos precursores estéticos da obra, quer sobre as circunstâncias específicas do seu contexto histórico. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_1-2_1