bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Os movimentos docentes brasileiro e português na virada dos anos 1970 - 80
Authors: Xavier Libania Nacif 
Published: December 2013

O artigo analisa as ações e manifestações docentes ocorridas no Brasil e em Portugal, nos anos 1970-80, período marcado pelo declínio dos regimes autoritários e pela ascensão de movimentos de contestação política aos poderes constituídos. A primeira seção propõe uma reflexão teórica a respeito das potencialidades analíticas de conceitos como estrutura de oportunidades políticas para compreender os movimentos sociais; a segunda sessão apresenta algumas particularidades da participação dos professores nos processos de transição política em curso nos dois países. Nas terceira e quarta seções, são analisados os repertórios de ação dos movimentos docentes brasileiro e português. A última seção conclui com uma síntese das concepções partilhadas pelos professores nas lutas por mudanças políticas e pela construção da escola democrática.Palavras-chave: Transição democrática. Movimentos docentes. História da educação.
Universidade e repressão política: o acesso aos documentos da assessoria especial de segurança e informação da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (AESI/UFES)
Authors: Fagundes Pedro Ernesto 
Published: December 2013

O principal objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os problemas relacionados ao acesso aos documentos da Assessoria Especial de Segurança e Informação da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (AESI/UFES). Criada no âmbito do Ministério da Educação e Cultura e atuando no sistema coordenado pelo Serviço Nacional de Informação (SNI), a AESI/Ufes funcionou entre 1971 e 1983 e teve como principal tarefa o monitoramento das atividades da comunidade universitária.Palavras-chave: Ditadura Militar. Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo. Aesi. Asi. Brasil - história.
The Coulomb critical taper theory applied to gravitational instabilities
Authors: Mourgues R. , Lacoste A. , Garibaldi C. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe critical Coulomb wedge theory has been widely applied to the structural evolution of accretionary wedges and fold and thrust belts, but it also predicts the spreading of a wedge under gravity. This solution may be applied to the formation of gravitational spreading and gliding along passive margins, where elevated pore fluid pressure is common. Following the initial hypotheses of the theory, we provide an alternative expression of the exact solution for a noncohesive wedge, better suited to slope instabilities. Our formulation allows a direct calculation of the fluid pressure required for the system to deform and predicts two kinds of gravitational deformation: shallow slumping and/or deep gravitational spreading rooting on the basal detachment. To verify the predictions of the model, we performed scaled experiments with pore pressure under conditions close to the critical taper hypotheses. The good agreement between our experimental results and the theory confirms the applicability of the critical taper model to the formation of gravitational structures in sedimentary wedges subjected to pore fluid pressure.
Neurotrophe Naturstoffe – ihre Chemie und Biologie
Authors: Xu Jing , Lacoske Michelle H. , Theodorakis Emmanuel A. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractNeurodegenerative Erkrankungen und Rückenmarksverletzungen betreffen weltweit etwa 50 Millionen Menschen und verursachen Gesundheitskosten von insgesamt mehr als 600 Milliarden Dollar pro Jahr. Nervenwachstumsfaktoren, d. h. Neurotrophine, sind potenzielle Therapeutika für diese Erkrankungen, denn sie können die Regeneration von Nerven fördern. Durchschnittlich 500 Publikationen jährlich belegen die Bedeutung der Neurotrophine in den biomedizinischen Wissenschaften und ihr Potenzial für therapeutische Anwendungen. Allerdings ist die klinische Verwendung von Neurotrophinen wegen ihres schlechten pharmakokinetischen Profils stark eingeschränkt. Niedermolekulare Verbindungen, die die neurotrophe Aktivität modulieren, bieten hingegen einen vielversprechenden Therapieansatz bei neurologischen Erkrankungen. Die Natur hat für eine beeindruckende Zahl von Naturstoffen mit starken neurotrophen Wirkungen gesorgt. Die aktuellen Strategien zur Synthese dieser Verbindungen sowie deren Fähigkeit, das Wachstum und die Erneuerung von Nervenzellen zu induzieren, bilden den Schwerpunkt dieses Aufsatzes. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass neurotrophe Naturstoffe nicht nur als Leitstrukturen in der Wirkstoffentwicklung genutzt werden können, sondern auch für das nächste große Projekt der Biomedizin: die Kartierung der Hirnaktivität (BAM, Brain Activity Map).
Neurotrophic Natural Products: Chemistry and Biology
Authors: Xu Jing , Lacoske Michelle H. , Theodorakis Emmanuel A. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases and spinal cord injury affect approximately 50 million people worldwide, bringing the total healthcare cost to over 600 billion dollars per year. Nervous system growth factors, that is, neurotrophins, are a potential solution to these disorders, since they could promote nerve regeneration. An average of 500 publications per year attests to the significance of neurotrophins in biomedical sciences and underlines their potential for therapeutic applications. Nonetheless, the poor pharmacokinetic profile of neurotrophins severely restricts their clinical use. On the other hand, small molecules that modulate neurotrophic activity offer a promising therapeutic approach against neurological disorders. Nature has provided an impressive array of natural products that have potent neurotrophic activities. This Review highlights the current synthetic strategies toward these compounds and summarizes their ability to induce neuronal growth and rehabilitation. It is anticipated that neurotrophic natural products could be used not only as starting points in drug design but also as tools to study the next frontier in biomedical sciences: the brain activity map project.
High‐Power Electrochemical Energy Storage System Employing Stable Radical Pseudocapacitors
Authors: Maruyama Hitoshi , Nakano Hideyuki , Nakamoto Masaaki , Sekiguchi Akira 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe development of electrical energy storage devices that can operate at high charge and discharge rates is fundamentally important, however although electrochemical capacitors (ECs) can charge and discharge at high rates, their electrochemical storage capacity remains an order of magnitude lower than that of conventional lithium‐ion batteries. Novel pseudocapasitors are developed, based on the stable persilyl‐susbtituted free radicals of the heavy group 14 elements, (tBu2MeSi)3E. [E=Si (1), Ge (2), and Sn (3)], as anode materials for energy storage system. Such systems showed a remarkable cycle stability without significant loss of power density, in comparison with similar characteristics of the known organic radical batteries, the dual carbon cell, and the electrochemical capacitor. Particularly important is that these novel electrochemical energy storage systems employing stable heavy group 14 element radicals are lithium‐free. The electrochemical properties and structures of the reduced and oxidized species were studied by the cyclic voltammetry (CV), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD).
Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Propargylic Alkylation of Propargyl β‐Ketoesters with a Chiral Ketimine P,N,N‐Ligand
Authors: Zhu Fu‐Lin , Zou Yuan , Zhang De‐Yang , Wang Ya‐Hui , Hu Xin‐Hu , Chen Song , Xu Jie , Hu Xiang‐Ping 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe first enantioselective copper‐catalyzed decarboxylative propargylic alkylation has been developed. Treatment of propargyl β‐ketoesters with a catalyst, prepared in situ from [Cu(CH3CN)4BF4] and a newly developed chiral tridentate ketimine P,N,N‐ligand under mild reaction conditions, generates β‐ethynyl ketones in good yields and with high enantioselectivities without requiring the pregeneration of ketone enolates. This new process provides facile access to a range of chiral β‐ethynyl ketones in a highly enantioenriched form.
Effectiveness of First‐Line Treatment With Recombinant Interleukin‐1 Receptor Antagonist in Steroid‐Naive Patients With New‐Onset Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Results of a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Vastert Sebastiaan J. , de Jager Wilco , Noordman Bo Jan , Holzinger Dirk , Kuis Wietse , Prakken Berent J. , Wulffraat Nico M. 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo conduct a prospective cohort study using anakinra, a recombinant IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra), as first‐line therapy in patients with new‐onset systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).MethodsTherapy with recombinant IL‐1Ra (2 mg/kg) was initiated in 20 patients who fulfilled the International League of Associations for Rheumatology criteria for systemic JIA, before systemic steroid treatment was administered. Patients were monitored clinically and immunologically. The protocol contained a stop strategy for patients who met at least the adapted American College of Rheumatology 90% criteria for improvement in JIA (ACR Pediatric 90 [ACR Pedi 90]) after 3 months.ResultsWe included consecutive patients with new‐onset systemic JIA. The mean followup period was 32 months (range 12–54 months). At the 3‐month time point, 85% of the patients showed an adapted ACR Pedi 90 response or had inactive disease; 75% of the patients achieved this response while receiving recombinant IL‐1Ra alone. After 1 year, 17 of the 20 patients met the criteria for clinically inactive disease, and 13 of these patients met these criteria while receiving monotherapy with recombinant IL‐1Ra. However, because of persistent disease activity, 7 of the 20 patients required additional therapy besides recombinant IL‐1Ra. According to our stop strategy, 73% of patients with at least an adapted ACR Pedi 90 response at 3 months could stop recombinant IL‐1Ra treatment within 1 year. After 2 years, 12 (86%) of 14 patients met the criteria for disease remission, either while receiving (n = 4) or not receiving (n = 8) medication. After 3 years, 10 (91%) of 11 patients met the criteria for disease remission, either while receiving (n = 2) or not receiving (n = 8) medication.ConclusionThis is the first prospective study in which recombinant IL‐1Ra was used as first‐line therapy in patients with systemic JIA. We observed excellent responses in nearly all patients within 3 months. In the majority of responding patients, treatment with recombinant IL‐1Ra could be stopped within 1 year, with remission being preserved during followup. In approximately one‐third of patients, concomitant therapy was required for maintenance of clinical response.
P‐113 Peptide: New experimental evidences on its biological activity and conformational insights from molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Di Giampaolo Alessia , Luzi Carla , Casciaro Bruno , Bozzi Argante , Luisa Mangoni Maria , Aschi Massimiliano 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTIn this article, we report novel and additional results, both experimental and computational, obtained in our laboratories on the peptide P‐113. In particular, our experimental results indicate that this peptide is endowed with a high target‐cell selectivity towards yeast species, suggesting its potential development as a new drug against oral microbial infections. To provide additional structural insights, we performed several Molecular Dynamics simulations in different conditions. Results suggest that P‐113 is a rather compact species presumably because of its highly charged state as emerged from the dramatic increase of internal fluctuation occurring upon point‐mutation. The peptide turns out to adopt, in water, a beta‐hairpin‐like conformation and, in a more hydrophobic environment, is found to be in a (probably slow) equilibrium between α‐helix and hairpin conformations. Complexation with Zn2+ induces a drastic mechanical stabilization, which prevents any conformational organization of the peptide into a biologically active state. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 102: 159–167, 2014.
Leading by Example: A Model of Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment
Authors: Boiral Olivier , Talbot David , Paillé Pascal 
Published: December 2013

AbstractOrganizational citizenship behaviors for the environment (OCBEs), which are based on individual, voluntary and informal initiatives, are increasingly considered as an essential ingredient of corporate greening. Drawing on the emerging literature on this issue, this paper explores the determinants and consequences of managers' OCBEs. A study of 304 managers from the manufacturing sector allowed us to validate a new model of managers' OCBEs based on structural equation modeling. The model shows the role of environmental values and perceived behavioral control (PBC) in the adoption of OCBEs. As expected, the model also shows positive and significant relationships between OCBEs, environmental management practices and performance in this area. The study sheds new light on the impacts of OCBEs and explores the reasons why they can be used to lead by example and to improve environmental performance. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
The significance of dynamin 2 expression for prostate cancer progression, prognostication, and therapeutic targeting
Authors: Xu Bin , Teng Liang Hong , Silva Sabrina Daniela da , Bijian Krikor , Al Bashir Samir , Jie Su , Dolph Michael , Alaoui‐Jamali Moulay A. , Bismar Tarek A. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDynamin 2 (Dyn2) is essential for intracellular vesicle formation and trafficking, cytokinesis, and receptor endocytosis. In this study, we investigated the implication of Dyn2 as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for progressive prostate cancer (PCA). We evaluated Dyn2 protein expression by immunohistochemistry in two cohorts: men with localized PCA treated by retropubic radical prostatectomy (n = 226), and men with advanced/castrate‐resistant PCA (CRPC) treated by transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) (n = 253). The role of Dyn2 in cell invasiveness was assessed by in vitro and in vivo experiments using androgen‐responsive and refractory PCA preclinical models. Dyn2 expression was significantly increased across advanced stages of PCA compared to benign prostate tissue (P < 0.0001). In the CRPC cohort, high Dyn2 was associated with higher Gleason score (P = 0.004) and marginally with cancer‐specific mortality (P = 0.052). In preclinical models, Dyn2 gene silencing significantly reduced cell migration and invasion in vitro, as well as tumor size and lymph node metastases in vivo. In isolated PCA cells, Dyn2 was found to regulate focal adhesion turnover, which is critical for cell migration; this mechanism requires full Dyn2 compared to mutants deficient in GTPase activity. In conclusion, Dyn2 overexpression is associated with neoplastic prostate epithelium and is associated with poor prognosis. Inhibition of Dyn2 prevents cell invasiveness in androgen‐responsive and ‐refractory PCA models, supporting the potential benefit of Dyn2 to serve as a therapeutic target for advanced PCA.
Clinical efficacy and safety of transcatheter closure of ruptured sinus of valsalva aneurysm
Authors: Zhong Li , Tong Shi‐Fei , Zhang Qian , Zhang Zhi‐Hui , Yao Qing , Li Yong‐Hua , Zhang Wei‐Hua , Song Zhi‐Yuan 
Published: December 2013

ObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of transcatheter closure (TCC) in patients with ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (RSVA).BackgroundRSVA is a rare cardiovascular disease with a varied clinical presentation. The clinical efficacy and safety of TCC for RSVA still remain an ongoing concern.MethodsFrom January 2009 to March 2013, 22 patients with RSVA were selected for TCC. Intracardiac pressure and size of cardiac chamber were measured before and post TCC. All patients were followed up by transthoracic echocardiography at 1, 3, 6, 12 months after procedure.ResultsRSVA was successfully occluded in 20 patients (19 cases with Amplatzer duct occluder and one with muscular ventricular septal defect occluder). Aortic root angiography showed no shunt in 18 cases and a small residual shunt in two cases. The pressures in the right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary artery were significantly decreased after the procedure (P < 0.01), and the aortic pressure was elevated (P < 0.001). The internal diameters of the right atrium, left atrium, and left ventricle were also significantly declined after the procedure (P < 0.05). No complications were found after 18.5 ± 6.5 (range 3–35) months follow‐up. Two patients underwent acute surgical aortic valve replacement because of procedure‐related aortic valve regurgitation.ConclusionsOur results indicate that TCC is a promising alternative therapy to surgery in appropriate patients with RSVA. However, rare but severe procedure‐related complications should be considered in the risk assessment. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electrochemical Conversion of Dichloroacetic Acid to Chloroacetic Acid in Conventional Cell and in Two Microfluidic Reactors
Authors: Scialdone Onofrio , Galia Alessandro , Sabatino Simona , Vaiana Giovanni Marco , Agro Diego , Busacca Alessandro , Amatore Christian 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe electrochemical conversion of dichloroacetic acid to chloracetic acid is investigated in conventional cells and in microreactors. Two different microreactors are used: the first is a filter press cell equipped with PTFE micrometric spacers, easy to assemble and disassemble and available for a large variety of electrodes and solvents; the second is made using an adhesive spacer, micromilling and press and could easily be developed on an industrial scale. The electrochemical synthesis is performed successfully in the microreactors equipped with a graphite cathode under proper operative conditions. The performance of the process strongly depends on the nature of the cathode and, for microreactors, on flow rate and current density. Both microreactors give high conversions and selectivity under a single‐pass mode and are allowed to work without supporting electrolyte at low cell voltages.
Exploring the relationships between innovation and internationalization of small and medium‐sized enterprises: A nonrecursive structural equation model
Authors: Halilem Norrin , Amara Nabil , Landry Réjean 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis article seeks to provide more insights on the two‐way link between internationalization and innovation by considering total, direct, and reciprocal effects using a nonrecursive structural model. Innovation is defined through product and process development, while internationalization is defined through inward and outward internationalization in both closer and farther markets. The results suggest that these two major sources of growth are linked by different sets of relations, from the investment in product and process innovation to outward internationalization in a closer market, or from inward and outward internationalization in farther markets to the investment in product innovation. Copyright © 2013 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulating and modelling the effectiveness of graphical password intersection attacks
Authors: English Rosanne 
Published: December 2013

SummaryRecognition‐based graphical passwords (RBGPs) are often proposed as an alternative user authentication mechanism. However, discussion of attack resistance often lacks quantitative examination. Establishing the efficacy of countermeasures could allow selection of an appropriate countermeasure for the level of security required by a given system. Furthermore, this information could be used to construct a model to estimate the number of intersection attacks required before success. This research contributes to these goals by establishing effective countermeasures and a model for intersection attacks. The approach involves creating a simulation of intersection attacks using five possible countermeasures and performing analysis to determine efficacy. Results show that using dummy screens does not increase the number of attacks required. It is also shown that increasing the number of challenge screens can increase and reduce the number of attacks required. Also presented is a model for RBGP schemes that can be used to estimate the number of intersection attacks required for a RBGP scheme when configuration values such as the number of challenge screens are known. This allows a quantitative choice of countermeasure for intersection attacks and a calculation that can provide a basis of comparison with other RBGP schemes, which was previously not possible. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scanning Droplet Cell for Chemoselective Patterning through Local Electroactivation of Protected Quinone Monolayers
Authors: Clausmeyer Jan , Henig Jörg , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Plumeré Nicolas 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA reagentless strategy for template‐free patterning of uniformly inert surfaces is suggested. A layer of p‐hydroquinone (HQ) protected by the tert‐butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) group is electrografted onto glassy carbon electrodes. Chemoselective activation is performed through electrochemically controlled cleavage of the TBDMS group, which yields the redox‐active surface‐confined quinone moieties. The latter are shown to undergo electrochemically induced Michael addition, which serves for subsequent functionalization of the electrode surface. Patterning of the TBDMS–quinone‐modified surface is accomplished by using selective localized cleavage of the protecting group. State‐of‐the‐art direct‐mode scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) patterning fails to yield the anticipated interfacial reaction; however, the electrochemical scanning droplet cell (SDC) is capable of conducting the localized chemoselective reaction. In a small area, dictated by the dimensions of the droplet, electrochemically induced cleavage of the protecting group can be performed locally to give rise to arrays of active quinone spots. Upon deprotection, the redox signals, attributed to the hydroquinone/benzoquinone couple, provide the first direct evidence for chemoselective electrochemical patterning of sensitive functionalities. Subsequent SECM studies of the resulting modified areas demonstrate spatial control of the proposed patterning technique.
Multicomponent Cascade Assembly for Quinolinopyranpyrazole Architectures
Authors: Bakthadoss Manickam , Devaraj Anthonisamy , Kannan Damodharan 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA highly efficient, multicomponent protocol for the construction of functionalized quinolinopyranpyrazole scaffolds with high stereoselectivity has been developed through the application of a domino reaction. All the quinolinopyranpyrazoles were synthesized under solvent‐ and catalyst‐free conditions and required no work‐up or column chromatography.
High‐Pressure‐Mediated Extension of the Privileged Steroid Scaffold
Authors: Blanco‐Ania Daniel , Aben René W. M. , van Berkom Leon W. A. , Scheeren Hans W. , Rutjes Floris P. J. T. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe commercially available steroid dehydroepiandrosterone 3‐acetate (DHEA) was converted into new, highly functionalized spiro derivatives by modification of the D‐ring. The transformation proceeded through conversion of the C‐17 carbonyl group into an electron‐deficient alkene, followed by either [2+2] or [4+2] cycloaddition. The cycloaddition reactions were successful for alkylidene malononitriles and 2‐cyano acrylates. Application of high pressure (15 kbar) was essential for good conversions due to the high steric hindrance on position C‐17. The cycloadducts formed from the reaction of 2‐cyano acrylates and Danishefsky's diene have high potential for further functionalization.