bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurship education evaluation: revisiting Storey to hunt for the heffalump
Authors: Henry Colette 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to consider entrepreneurship education (EE) evaluation. Specifically, it explores some of the challenges involved in applying the HEInnovate tool, and considers ways in which its accuracy and value might be strengthened. Using Storey (2000) by way of reflective critique, the paper proposes an augmented framework to support the application of HEInnovate. It provides a further framework to help signpost those involved in EE towards a more robust consideration of EE evaluation. In so doing, the paper aims to contribute to extant theory in the field of EE by: raising awareness of the continued need for evaluation, highlighting the potential benefits as well as the associated challenges of applying a self-assessment framework such as the HEInnovate and finally, proposing an augmented framework, which enhances the accuracy and value of the HEInnovate tool. Some avenues worthy of future research are identified.

Design/methodology/approach
– This is a conceptual paper that draws on extant EE evaluation frameworks, specifically Storey’s “Six steps” to Heaven (2000), to explore how a more robust application of the HEInnovate self-evaluation tool might be achieved.

Findings
– The HEInnovate framework is an easily accessible and widely applicable self-evaluation tool that higher education institutions (HEIs) are encouraged to use to determine their level of innovativeness and entrepreneurialism and, as a proxy, their preparedness to deliver EE programmes. The paper highlights the inherent challenges involved in administering self-evaluation frameworks of this nature, and uses Storey to identify areas for consideration so that the framework’s overall reliability and robustness can be enhanced, and findings rendered more accurate. The search for the “flawless” evaluative framework is likened to that of “Hunting the heffalump”.

Research limitations/implications
– As a conceptual, perspective paper, the paper is limited by personal opinion. The focus on a single self-assessment institutional evaluative framework is a further limiting factor. That said, this approach prompts those using the HEInnovate framework to reflect on ways in which its application can be rendered more accurate and reliable.

Practical implications
– The findings offer practical guidelines to enhance the overall robustness and accuracy of the HEInnovate framework. The paper will be of value to HEIs seeking to introduce or increase their EE provision.

Originality/value
– The paper demonstrates a novel application of Storey’s evaluative framework, allowing users of the HEInnovate tool to greatly enhance its robustness and value. It also provides two new frameworks signposting entrepreneurship educators towards more a more robust consideration of EE evaluation.
Addressing Educational Accountability and Political Legitimacy with Citizen Responsibility
Authors: Stitzlein Sarah M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this essay, Sarah Stitzlein addresses a key current crisis in public education: accountability. Rather than centrally being about poor performance of teachers or inefficiency of schools, as we most often hear in media outlets and in education reform speeches, Stitzlein argues the crisis is at heart one about citizen responsibility and political legitimacy. She claims that the recent accountability movement has shifted the onus of curing society's problems almost exclusively onto schools, but contends that these burdens should not just be unidirectional. There is, Stitzlein maintains, a corresponding obligation on the part of citizens to public schools. This includes all citizens, not just those closely tied to schools through their children or employment. Moreover, this obligation entails a robust commitment that extends beyond merely supporting public schools through taxes, voting for levies, and choosing to send one's children to them. The responsibility of citizens includes upholding a commitment to schools as a central institution of democracy — something that sustains democracy but also, in its best forms, is democracy in action.
Validation of the Asia Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) score in a Western population: An alternative screening tool
Authors: Corte Crispin , Zhang Lora , Chen Ji , Westbury Sean , Shaw James , Yeoh Khay Guan , Leong Rupert 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackground and AimColorectal cancer (CRC) screening is based on colonoscopy or fecal occult blood tests, but is imperfect and costly. The Asia Pacific Colorectal Screening Score (APCS) is derived from age, sex, family history of CRC, and smoking history and has been validated in Asian populations. Validation in a Western population is, however, yet to be tested.MethodsIn a teaching hospital, patients underwent colonoscopy for standard indications and screening over 18 months. Data was collected on age, sex, family history of CRC, smoking, weight, ethnicity, and symptoms. Evaluation of the APCS to predict colonoscopy findings (polyps, adenoma, high risk adenoma, and CRC) was performed.ResultsA total of 645 patients were prospectively recruited (46.7% male, median age 57 years); 17.8% were average risk (AR), 50.9% were moderate risk (MR), and 31.3% high risk (HR) on APCS. High risk adenomas (AA) were seen in 14.9% of the HR, 5.2% MR, and 0.9% LR patients, P < 0.0001. Comparing HR and MR to AR patients demonstrated significantly elevated relative risk (RR) for AA: 17.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4–123; P = 0.0001), and adenoma 6.0 (0.80–44.3; P = 0.044). Comparing HR to MR groups for AA, the RR was 2.87 (1.62–5.06; P = 0.0001). Symptoms did not predict findings (odds ratio [OR]: 1.06 [0.75–1.48]; P = 0.75). Body mass index (BMI) <20 kg/m2 was protective against colonic polyps (OR: 0.28, 95%CI: 0.11–0.74; P = 0.010), adenoma (0.08, 0.01–0.62; P = 0.015), and AA (perfect prediction, OR 2.35 × 10−8).ConclusionsAPCS predicts colonic findings in a Western population, to a greater extent than in Asians, independent to symptoms. Low body weight carries a strong protective effect against colonic neoplasia.
The transcription factor Pax6 contributes to the induction of GLT‐1 expression in astrocytes through an interaction with a distal enhancer element
Authors: Ghosh Mausam , Lane Meredith , Krizman Elizabeth , Sattler Rita , Rothstein Jeffrey D. , Robinson Michael B. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe Na+‐dependent glutamate transporter GLT‐1 (EAAT2) shows selective expression in astrocytes, and neurons induce the expression of GLT‐1 in astrocytes. In an unpublished analysis of GLT‐1 promoter reporter mice, we identified an evolutionarily conserved domain of 467 nucleotides ~ 8 kb upstream of the GLT‐1 translation start site that is required for astrocytic expression. Using in silico approaches, we identified Pax6 as a transcription factor that could contribute to the control of GLT‐1 expression by binding within this region. We demonstrated the expression of Pax6 protein in astrocytes in vivo. Lentiviral transduction of astrocytes with exogenous Pax6 increased the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in astrocytes prepared from transgenic mice that use a bacterial artificial chromosome containing a large genomic region surrounding the GLT‐1 gene to control expression of eGFP. It also increased GLT‐1 protein and GLT‐1‐mediated uptake, whereas there was no effect on the levels of the other astroglial glutamate transporter, glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST). Transduction of astrocytes with an shRNA directed against Pax6 reduced neuron‐dependent induction of GLT‐1 or eGFP. Finally, we confirmed Pax6 interaction with the predicted DNA‐binding site in electrophoretic mobility assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Together, these studies show that Pax6 contributes to the regulation of GLT‐1 through an interaction with these distal elements and identify a novel role of Pax6 in astrocyte biology.
image
The astroglial glutamate transporter GLT‐1 shows selective expression in astrocytes and its expression can be induced by neurons. In this study, we demonstrate that Pax6 is expressed in astrocytes and binds to the GLT‐1 promoter in vitro and in vivo. Exogenous expression of Pax6 increases GLT‐1 and enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression in astrocytes from a transgenic mouse line that uses the GLT‐1 gene to drive eGFP expression, and an shRNA directed against Pax6 attenuates neuron‐dependent induction of GLT‐1/eGFP. We therefore conclude that Pax6 contributes to the neuron‐dependent induction of GLT‐1.
Balechina and the new genus Cucumeridinium gen. nov. (Dinophyceae), unarmored dinoflagellates with thick cell coverings
Authors: Gómez Fernando , López‐García Purificación , Takayama Haruyoshi , Moreira David 
Published: October 2015

The genus Balechina (=subgenus Pachydinium) was established for heterotrophic gymnodinioid dinoflagellates with a thick cell covering. The type species, B. pachydermata (=Gymnodinium pachyderm‐atum), showed numerous fine longitudinal striae, whereas B. coerulea (=G. coeruleum) showed ~24 prominent longitudinal surface ridges or furrows and a distinctive blue pigmentation. We have investigated the morphology and molecular phylogeny of these taxa and the species Gymnodinium cucumis, G. lira and G. amphora from the western Mediterranean, Brazil and Japan. Sudden contractions at the cingulum level were seen in B. pachydermata, which also showed a high morphological variability which included morphotypes that have been described as Amphidinium vasculum, G. amphora, G. dogielii and G. gracile sensu Kofoid and Swezy. Molecular phylogeny based on small subunit rRNA gene sequences revealed that Balechina coerulea, G. cucumis and G. lira formed a clade distantly related to the clade of the type species, B. pachydermata, and G. amphora. We propose the new genus Cucumeridinium for the species with longitudinal ridges and a circular apical groove (Cucumeridinium coeruleum comb. nov., C. lira comb. nov. and C. cucumis comb. nov.), and Gymnodinium canus and G. costatum are considered synonyms of C. coeruleum. The genus Balechina remains for the species with a double‐layer cell covering, bossed surface with fine striae, and an elongated elliptical apical groove. At present, the genus is monotypic containing only B. pachydermata.
Do Interactions between Finance and Labour Market Institutions Affect the Income Distribution?
Authors: Darcillon Thibault 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis article analyses the linkages between financial development, labour market institutions and market income inequality for 18 Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries over the 1980 to 2012 period. With the help of a dynamic panel data model with an interacted term, one crucial contribution of this article is to analyse the interacted impact of labour market institutions (i.e. union density and employment protection legislation) on the one hand and financial development on the other hand on the income distribution. Our results indicate that changes in the financial/credit and labour market regulation affect the income distribution. Estimates of the marginal effects show that by increasing labour market regulation one also weakens the impact of the flexibilization in the financial/credit market on the increase in income inequality.
From “Good day” to “Sign here”: Norms Shaping Negotiations Within a Face Culture
Authors: Teng‐Calleja Mendiola , Baquiano Marshaley J. , Montiel Cristina J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractUsing discourse analysis, we examine how culture shapes the dynamics and outcome of wage negotiations. With an intracultural lens, we look at how two opposing groups that share one overarching culture maximize group gains and achieve a bargaining agreement. We analysed audio recordings of collective bargaining meetings between labor and management negotiators of a multinational beverage company in the Philippines. Consistent with the claims of previous studies, negotiation between labor and management within this culture reflected low trust. Joint gains were however achieved through face dynamics that thwarted the impact of low trust bargaining. Specifically, our discursive analysis shows how utterances contain justifications, demands, rejections and threats. However, such apparently contentious talks are embedded in local language that conveys respect for authority, mixed with efforts to maintain harmony. These reflections of face culture in the bargaining process help shift the negotiations from a contentious to a collaborative and successful problem‐solving process.
Photobiological Origins of the Field of Genomic Maintenance
Authors: Ganesan Ann , Hanawalt Philip 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAlthough sunlight is essential for life on earth, the ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths in its spectrum constitute a major threat to life. Various cellular responses have evolved to deal with the damage inflicted in DNA by UV, and the study of these responses in model systems has spawned the burgeoning field of DNA repair. Although we now know of many types of deleterious alterations in DNA, the approaches for studying them and the early mechanistic insights have come in large part from pioneering research on the processing of UV‐induced bipyrimidine photoproducts in bacteria. It is also notable that UV was one of the first DNA damaging agents for which exposure was directly linked to cancer; the sun‐sensitive syndrome, xeroderma pigmentosum, was the first example of a cancer‐prone hereditary disease involving a defect in DNA repair. We provide a short history of advances in the broad field of genomic maintenance as they have emerged from research in photochemistry and photobiology.
State or Diaspora: Jewish History as a Form of National Belonging
Authors: Conforti Yitzhak 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis study addresses the writing of Jewish history as a form of national belonging in Israel and in the Diaspora. Simon Dubnow laid the foundation for Jewish national historiography in the beginning of the twentieth century. Beginning in the 1920s, Zionist historians in Palestine emphasized the centrality of the Land of Israel in Jewish history, while Jewish historians in the Diaspora preferred an elliptical model, which recognized two national centres – ‘Babylon and Jerusalem’. In the 1930s, a debate broke out between two principal Jewish historians, Salo Baron and Yitzhak Baer. While Baer stressed the Zionist conception of Jewish history, Baron emphasized the world dimensions of Jewish history. Similarly, during the 1950s a dispute arose between Jewish scholar Simon Rawidowicz and David Ben‐Gurion. For Rawidowicz, a Jewish centre in the Diaspora was parallel in significance to the State of Israel. By contrast, for Ben‐Gurion only a Jewish nation‐state could provide true Jewish national belonging. In this article, I analyse both arguments and draw conclusions for the current relationship between Israeli historical awareness and the use of Jewish history in the Diaspora.
Linking mortuary data improves vital statistics on cause of death of children under five years in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: Groenewald Pam , Bradshaw Debbie , Neethling Ian , Martin Lorna J. , Dempers Johan , Morden Erna , Zinyakatira Nesbert , Coetzee David 
Published: October 2015

AbstractObjectivesReducing child mortality requires good information on its causes. Whilst South African vital registration data have improved, the quality of cause‐of‐death data remains inadequate. To improve this, data from death certificates were linked with information from forensic mortuaries in Western Cape Province.MethodsA local mortality surveillance system was established in 2007 by the Western Cape Health Department to improve data quality. Cause‐of‐death data were captured from copies of death notification forms collected at Department of Home Affairs Offices. Using unique identifiers, additional forensic mortuary data were linked with mortality surveillance system records. Causes of death were coded to the ICD‐10 classification. Causes of death in children under five were compared with those from vital registration data for 2011.ResultsCause‐of‐death data were markedly improved with additional data from forensic mortuaries. The proportion of ill‐defined causes was halved (25–12%), and leading cause rankings changed. Lower respiratory tract infections moved above prematurity to rank first, accounting for 20.8% of deaths and peaking in infants aged 1–3 months. Only 11% of deaths from lower respiratory tract infections occurred in hospital, resulting in 86% being certified in forensic mortuaries. Road traffic deaths increased from 1.1–3.1% (27–75) and homicides from 3 to 28.ConclusionsThe quality and usefulness of cause‐of‐death information for children in the WC was enhanced by linking mortuary and vital registration data. Given the death profile, interventions are required to prevent and manage LRTI, diarrhoea and injuries and to reduce neonatal deaths.
Case-Control Study of Telavancin as an Alternative Treatment for Gram-Positive Bloodstream Infections in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Chaftari Anne-Marie , Hachem Ray , Jordan Mary , Garoge Kumait , Al Hamal Zainab , El Zakhem Aline , Viola George M. , Granwehr Bruno , Mulanovich Victor , Gagel Andrew , Reitzel Ruth , Yousif Ammar , Jiang Ying , Raad Issam 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Gram-positive bacterial infections are an important cause of morbidity and death among cancer patients, despite current therapy. In this case-control study, we evaluated the clinical outcomes and safety of telavancin in cancer patients with uncomplicated Gram-positive bloodstream infections (BSIs). Between March 2011 and May 2013, we enrolled cancer patients with uncomplicated Gram-positive BSIs to receive intravenous telavancin therapy for at least 14 days for
Staphylococcus aureus
and 7 days for other Gram-positive cocci. Patients with baseline creatinine clearance (CL
CR
) values of >50 ml/min received 10 mg/kg/day of telavancin, and those with CL
CR
values between 30 and 49 ml/min received 7.5 mg/kg/day. Patients were compared with a retrospective cohort of 39 historical patients with Gram-positive BSIs, matched for underlying malignancy, infecting organism, and neutropenia status, who had been treated with vancomycin. A total of 78 patients were analyzed, with 39 in each group. The most common pathogen causing BSIs was
S. aureus
(51%), followed by alpha-hemolytic streptococci (23%),
Enterococcus
spp. (15%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (8%), and beta-hemolytic streptococci (3%). Sixty-two percent of patients had hematological malignancies, and 38% had solid tumors; 51% of the patients were neutropenic. The overall response rate determined by clinical outcome and microbiological eradication at 72 h following the initiation of therapy, in the absence of relapse, deep-seated infections, and/or infection-related death, was better with telavancin than with vancomycin (86% versus 61%;
P
= 0.013). Rates of drug-related adverse events were similar in the two groups (telavancin, 31%; vancomycin, 23%;
P
= 0.79), with similar rates of renal adverse events. Telavancin may provide a useful alternative to standard vancomycin therapy for Gram-positive BSIs in cancer patients. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01321879.)
Secreted factors from dental pulp stem cells improve glucose intolerance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice by increasing pancreatic β-cell function
Authors: Izumoto-Akita Takako , Tsunekawa Shin , Yamamoto Akihito , Uenishi Eita , Ishikawa Kota , Ogata Hidetada , Iida Atsushi , Ikeniwa Makoto , Hosokawa Kaori , Niwa Yasuhiro , Maekawa Ryuya , Yamauchi Yuichiro , Seino Yusuke , Hamada Yoji , Hibi Hideharu , Arima Hiroshi , Ueda Minoru , Oiso Yutaka 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveMany studies have reported that stem cell transplantation promotes propagation and protection of pancreatic β-cells in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice without the differentiation of transplanted cells into pancreatic β-cells, suggesting that the improvement is due to a paracrine effect of the transplanted cells. We investigated the effects of factors secreted by dental pulp stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) on β-cell function and survival.Research design and methodsConditioned medium from SHED (SHED-CM) was collected 48 h after culturing in serum-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM). The insulin levels in SHED-CM and serum-free conditioned media from human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-CM) were undetectable. STZ-induced diabetic male C57B/6J mice were injected with DMEM as a control, SHED-CM, exendin-4 (Ex-4), or BM-CM for 14 days. Mouse pancreatic β-cell line MIN6 cells were incubated with different concentrations of STZ with SHED-CM, DMEM, Ex-4, or BM-CM for 6 h.ResultsAdministration of 1 mL of SHED-CM twice a day improved glucose intolerance in STZ-induced diabetic mice and the effect continued for 20 days after the end of treatment. SHED-CM treatment increased pancreatic insulin content and β-cell mass through proliferation and an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test revealed enhanced insulin secretion. Incubation of MIN6 cells (a mouse pancreatic β-cell line) with SHED-CM enhanced insulin secretion in a glucose concentration-dependent manner and reduced STZ-induced cell death, indicating that the amelioration of hyperglycemia was caused by the direct effects of SHED-CM on β-cell function and survival. These effects were more pronounced than with the use of Ex-4, a conventional incretin-based drug, and BM-CM, which is a medium derived from other stem cells.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that SHED-CM provides direct protection and encourages the propagation of β-cells, and has potential as a novel strategy for treatment of diabetes.