bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Porous Carbon/Nickel Oxide Nanocomposites as Binder‐Free Electrodes for Supercapacitors
Authors: Madhu Rajesh , Veeramani Vediyappan , Chen Shen‐Ming , Veerakumar Pitchaimani , Liu Shang‐Bin 
Published: April 2015

AbstractHigh‐surface‐area, guava‐leaf‐derived, heteroatom‐containing activated carbon (GHAC) materials were synthesized by means of a facile chemical activation method with KOH as activating agent and exploited as catalyst supports to disperse nickel oxide (NiO) nanocrystals (average size (2.0±0.1) nm) through a hydrothermal process. The textural and structural properties of these GHAC/NiO nanocomposites were characterized by various physicochemical techniques, namely, field‐emission SEM, high‐resolution TEM, elemental analysis, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. The as‐synthesized GHAC/NiO nanocomposites were employed as binder‐free electrodes, which exhibited high specific capacitance (up to 461 F g−1 at a current density of 2.3 A g−1) and remarkable cycling stability, which may be attributed to the unique properties of GHAC and excellent electrochemical activity of the highly dispersed NiO nanocrystals.
Oxidative Metabolism of Ferrocene Analogues of Tamoxifen: Characterization and Antiproliferative Activities of the Metabolites
Authors: Richard Marie‐Aude , Hamels Didier , Pigeon Pascal , Top Siden , Dansette Patrick M. , Lee Hui Zhi Shirley , Vessières Anne , Mansuy Daniel , Jaouen Gérard 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFerrociphenols have been found to have high antiproliferative activity against estrogen‐independent breast cancer cells. The rat and human liver microsome‐mediated metabolism of three compounds of the ferrocifen (FC) family, 1,1‐bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐2‐ferrocenyl‐but‐1‐ene (FC1), 1‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐1‐(phenyl)‐2‐ferrocenyl‐but‐1‐ene (FC2), and 1‐[4‐(3‐dimethylaminopropoxy)phenyl]‐1‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐2‐ferrocenyl‐but‐1‐ene (FC3), was studied. Three main metabolite classes were identified: quinone methides (QMs) deriving from two‐electron oxidation of FCs, cyclic indene products (CPs) deriving from acid‐catalyzed cyclization of QMs, and allylic alcohols (AAs) deriving from hydroxylation of FCs. These metabolites are generated by cytochromes P450 (P450s), as shown by experiments with either N‐benzylimidazole as a P450 inhibitor or recombinant human P450s. Such P450‐dependent oxidation of the phenol function and hydroxylation of the allylic CH2 group of FCs leads to the formation of QM and AA metabolites, respectively. Some of the new ferrociphenols obtained in this study were found to exhibit remarkable antiproliferative effects toward MDA‐MB‐231 hormone‐independent breast cancer cells.
The relationship between manuscript title structure and success: editorial decisions and citation performance for an ecological journal
Authors: Fox Charles W. , Burns C. Sean 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA poorly chosen article title may make a paper difficult to discover or discourage readership when discovered, reducing an article's impact. Yet, it is unclear how the structure of a manuscript's title influences readership and impact. We used manuscript tracking data for all manuscripts submitted to the journal Functional Ecology from 2004 to 2013 and citation data for papers published in this journal from 1987 to 2011 to examine how title features changed and whether a manuscript's title structure was predictive of success during the manuscript review process and/or impact (citation) after publication. Titles of manuscripts submitted to Functional Ecology became marginally longer (after controlling for other variables), broader in focus (less frequent inclusion of genus and species names), and included more humor and subtitles over the period of the study. Papers with subtitles were less likely to be rejected by editors both pre‐ and post‐peer review, although both effects were small and the presence of subtitles in published papers was not predictive of citations. Papers with specific names of study organisms in their titles fared poorly during editorial (but not peer) review and, if published, were less well cited than papers whose titles did not include specific names. Papers with intermediate length titles were more successful during editorial review, although the effect was small and title word count was not predictive of citations. No features of titles were predictive of reviewer willingness to review papers or the length of time a paper was in peer review. We conclude that titles have changed in structure over time, but features of title structure have only small or no relationship with success during editorial review and post‐publication impact. The title feature that was most predictive of manuscript success: papers whose titles emphasize broader conceptual or comparative issues fare better both pre‐ and post‐publication than do papers with organism‐specific titles.
Spatial and temporal variation in harvest probabilities for American black duck
Authors: Roy Christian , Cumming Steven G. , McIntire Eliot J.B. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAssessing spatial variation in waterfowl harvest probabilities from banding data is challenging because reporting and recovery probabilities have distinct spatial patterns that covary temporally with harvesting regulations, hunter effort, and reporting methods. We analyzed direct band recovery data from American black ducks banded on the Canadian breeding grounds from 1970 through 2010. Data were registered to a 1‐degree grid and analyzed using hierarchical logistic regression models with spatially correlated errors to estimate the annual probabilities of band recovery and the proportion of individuals recovered in Canada. Probability of harvest was estimated from these values, in combination with independent estimates of reporting probabilities in Canada and the USA. Model covariates included estimates of hunting effort and factors for harvest regulation and band reporting methods. Both the band recovery processes and the proportion of individuals recovered in Canada had significant spatial structure. Recovery probabilities were highest in southern Ontario, along the Saint Lawrence River in Quebec, and in Nova Scotia. Black ducks breeding in Nova Scotia and southern Quebec were harvested predominantly in Canada. Recovery probabilities for juveniles were correlated with hunter effort, while the adult recoveries were weakly correlated with the implementation of stricter harvest regulations in the early 1980s. Mean harvest probability decreased in the northern portion of the survey area but remained stable or even increased in the south. Harvest probabilities for juveniles in 2010 exceeded 20% in southern Quebec and the Atlantic provinces. Our results demonstrate fine‐scale variation in harvest probabilities for black duck on the Canadian breeding ground. In particular, harvest probabilities should be closely monitored along the Saint Lawrence River system and in the Atlantic provinces to avoid overexploitation.
Mesoporous Materials‐Based Electrochemical Sensors
Authors: Walcarius Alain 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA review (350 references) is given to the interest of mesoporous materials for designing electrochemical sensors. After a brief summary of the implication of template‐based ordered mesoporous materials in electrochemical science, the various types of inorganic and organic‐inorganic hybrid mesostructures used to date in electroanalysis and the corresponding electrode configurations are described. The various sensor applications are then discussed on the basis of comprehensive tables and some representative illustrations. The main detection schemes developed in the field are (volt)amperometric sensing subsequent to preconcentration and electrocatalytic detection.
Intermolecular Interactions in Mixed Self‐Assembled Monolayers of Ferrocene
Authors: Antuch Manuel , Abradelo Darío G. , Cao Roberto 
Published: April 2015

AbstractElectrochemical characterization of mixed self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of 6‐ferrocenyl‐1‐hexanethiol (FcH) and mercaptoundecanoic acid tyrosinamide (MUATyr) on gold is reported. Single‐component SAMs of FcH presented repulsive intermolecular interactions (vGθT=−1.12), while mixed SAMs of FcH/MUATyr (1 : 1) exhibited attractive interactions (vGθT=+0.20), with a homogeneous distribution of both components. Electrochemical kinetic determinations on mixed SAMs of FcH/MUATyr, indicated a secondary electron transfer pathway between the redox centers of both components. Higher amounts of FcH in the mixed SAMs lowered the observed rate of electron transfer of MUATyr. The oxidation of FcH caused an anodic shift of 160 mV in the voltammetric wave of MUATyr.
From Job Characteristics to Job Satisfaction of Foreign Workers in Taiwan's Construction Industry: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment
Authors: Hsu Li‐Chun , Liao Pei‐Wen 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among job characteristics, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction of foreign workers in Taiwan. Overall, 440 Thailand foreign workers were recruited and structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses. The results of this study supported all proposed hypotheses. Job characteristics had a positive effect on job satisfaction of foreign workers. However, the results showed an indirect effect of job characteristics on job satisfaction via organizational commitment. Moreover, the findings suggested that job autonomy is better compared to other job characteristics. This study contributes to the existing literature by stressing the importance of such relationships in the cross‐cultural management enterprises, particularly those concerning foreign workers.
Two New Flavonoids from Retama raetam
Authors: Xu Wen‐Hui , Al‐Rehaily Adnan J. , Yousaf Muhammad , Ahmad Mohammad S. , Khan Shabana I. , Khan Ikhlas A. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTwo new furanoflavonoids, retamasins A and B (1 and 2, resp.), along with five known flavonoids, 3–7, were isolated from the aerial parts of Retama raetam. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic (IR, MS, and 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR) analyses and by comparison with the literature data. This is the first report of the isolation of new furanoflavonoids 1 and 2 from Retama genus, while compounds 3, 5, and 6 were found for the first time from R. raetam. Antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were also evaluated. Compounds 2, 3, and 5–7 exhibited potent inhibitions of iNOS activity with IC50 values of 2.9, 5.0, 3.1, 1.2, and 4.8 μg/ml, respectively. All compounds inhibited NF‐κB except 1 and 5. Compound 6 was most active in inhibiting iNOS and NF‐κB activity, as well as in decreasing oxidative stress.
Synthesis of Terpene Diamines Based on Camphor‐Derived Dinitriles
Authors: Kinzl Florian R. , Riepl Herbert M. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDiamines are useful as additional ligands in enantioselective hydrogenations. A new route for synthesizing such a rigid diamine from naturally available camphor via camphor oxime/camphor furoxan/deoxygenation in large scale was developed. The resulting dinitriles were subjected to hydrogenation with Raney Ni or other heterogenous catalysts. In most cases, the reduction resulted in complex mixtures. The best results were obtained with Raney Ni in THF/H2O in strongly basic media (NaOH), which affords compound 5b only in good yield. Homogenous catalyst like Grubbs 2nd generation reduced only the less hindered CN group to yield an amino nitrile.
Particle Swarm Optimization in Agent‐Based Economic Simulations of the Cournot Market Model
Authors: Maschek Michael K. 
Published: April 2015

SummaryThe numerous variations of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm originally proposed by Kennedy and Eberhart (. Particle swarm optimization. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks IV. IEEE: Piscataway, NJ; 1942–1948) have proven to be powerful optimization methods that rely on exploiting simple analogues of social interaction. In this study, PSO is adopted in lieu of the social or individual evolutionary learning algorithms as a model of individual adaptation in an agent‐based computational model. In this examination of the simple Cournot market framework, each agent's individual strategy evolves according to the PSO algorithm. The model is one in which agents’ strategies must adapt interdependently. That is, a change in one particle may not only affect its performance but also other particles within the same swarm simultaneously. The dynamics and convergence properties associated with this model are compared with those where evolutionary learning algorithms are employed. Similar to evolutionary learning, convergence to equilibrium is dependent on the scope of learning, social or individual. While convergence is dependent on some of the algorithm parameters, prices resulting from the individual PSO are nearest the Cournot equilibrium and those from social PSO are nearest the Walrasian equilibrium in all cases. For particular parameterizations, certain advantages over evolutionary algorithms exist: in the main, decreasing volatility in market prices does not require an election operator or the addition of free parameters through two‐level learning. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Viscoelastic properties of healthy achilles tendon are independent of isometric plantar flexion strength and cross‐sectional area
Authors: Suydam Stephen M. , Soulas Elizabeth M. , Elliott Dawn M. , Gravare Silbernagel Karin , Buchanan Thomas S. , Cortes Daniel H. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTChanges in tendon viscoelastic properties are observed after injuries and during healing as a product of altered composition and structure. Continuous Shear Wave Elastography is a new technique measuring viscoelastic properties of soft tissues using external shear waves. Tendon has not been studied with this technique, therefore, the aims of this study were to establish the range of shear and viscosity moduli in healthy Achilles tendons, determine bilateral differences of these parameters and explore correlations of viscoelasticity to plantar flexion strength and tendon area. Continuous Shear Wave Elastography was performed over the free portion of both Achilles tendons from 29 subjects. Isometric plantar flexion strength and cross sectional area were measured. The average shear and viscous moduli was 83.2 kPa and 141.0 Pa‐s, respectively. No correlations existed between the shear or viscous modulus and area or strength. This indicates that viscoelastic properties can be considered novel, independent biomarkers. The shear and viscosity moduli were bilaterally equivalent (p = 0.013, 0.017) which allows determining pathologies through side‐to‐side deviations. The average bilateral coefficient of variation was 7.2% and 9.4% for shear and viscosity modulus, respectively. The viscoelastic properties of the Achilles tendon may provide an unbiased, non‐subjective rating system of tendon recovery and optimizing treatment strategies. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:926–931, 2015.
Restricted differentiation potential of progenitor cell populations obtained from the equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT)
Authors: Williamson Kate Ann , Lee Katie Joanna , Humphreys William James Edward , Comerford Eithne Josephine Veronica , Clegg Peter David , Canty‐Laird Elizabeth Gail 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to characterize stem and progenitor cell populations from the equine superficial digital flexor tendon, an energy‐storing tendon with similarities to the human Achilles tendon, which is frequently injured. Using published methods for the isolation of tendon‐derived stem/progenitor cells by low‐density plating we found that isolated cells possessed clonogenicity but were unable to fully differentiate towards mesenchymal lineages using trilineage differentiation assays. In particular, adipogenic differentiation appeared to be restricted, as assessed by Oil Red O staining of stem/progenitor cells cultured in adipogenic medium. We then assessed whether differential adhesion to fibronectin substrates could be used to isolate a population of cells with broader differentiation potential. However we found little difference in the stem and tenogenic gene expression profile of these cells as compared to tenocytes, although the expression of thrombospondin‐4 was significantly reduced in hypoxic conditions. Tendon‐derived stem/progenitor cells isolated by differential adhesion to fibronectin had a similar differentiation potential to cells isolated by low density plating, and when grown in either normoxic or hypoxic conditions. In summary, we have found a restricted differentiation potential of cells isolated from the equine superficial digital flexor tendon despite evidence for stem/progenitor‐like characteristics. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 33:849–858, 2015.
The role of complex clinical scenarios in the failure of modular components following revision total knee arthroplasty: A finite element study
Authors: Conlisk Noel , Howie Colin R. , Pankaj Pankaj 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTModular prostheses are increasingly applied in complex revision knee arthroplasty scenarios due to the greater intraoperative flexibility they provide to the surgeon, for example, accurate placement of stem in canal while maintaining a good fit distally for complex femoral geometry. However, growing evidence indicates that these modular devices often fail at the stem junction. Modular prostheses are generally applied to provide enhanced fixation in poor quality bone or in the presence of condylar defects. From the literature, it is unclear which of these patient scenarios contribute the most to modular component failure. The present study uses finite element (FE) models to answer this question. The findings of this study indicate that the most significant increase in stem junction stress occurs in the presence of large condylar defects. However, taking into account standard clinical practice (large F3 defects typically result in distal femoral replacement), the most significant factor is then found to be compromised bone quality, these findings are particularly evident at higher flexion angles. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that patients with large femoral defects or severely compromised bone quality are particularly vulnerable to implant failure when a modular approach is adopted. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1134–1141, 2015.
Deep‐UV exciton emission from Mg1 − xCaxO—A first‐principle investigation
Authors: Li Qiaofen , Tu Yan , Yang Lanlan , Tolner Harm 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn order to investigate the ultraviolet and electron emission properties of rock‐salt Mg1 − xCaxO, first‐principle calculations are carried out with x ranging from 0 to 0.5. The electron–hole interaction is taken into account by solving the Bethe–Salpeter equation. In pure MgO, the calculated exciton binding‐energy value of 83 ± 3 meV is quite close to the published experimental values. The electronic properties of doped MgO are investigated based on the super‐cell model. Both the optical bandgap and the exciton binding energy of the super cell of Mg1 − xCaxO are calculated for five discrete compositions, with an increasing amount x of CaO. The results show that there are strong excitonic effects in all of these materials. A rapid reduction in bandgap value is observed for Mg1 − xCaxO, when increasing the x value. The exciton binding energy of Mg1 − xCaxO shows a minimum value of about 40 meV around x = 0.2. In all of these cases, the exciton is stable at room temperature. The lowest excitation levels in Mg1 − xCaxO are determined by dark excitons. The occurrence of these dark excitons might explain why Mg1 − xCaxO is a strong source of delayed electron emission, after being bombarded by ions in a plasma.
Equity‐based incentives and collaboration in the modern multibusiness firm
Authors: Oxley Joanne , Pandher Gurupdesh 
Published: April 2015

Research summary: This paper examines the role of equity‐based incentives in fostering cross‐business‐unit collaboration in multibusiness firms. We develop a formal agency model in which headquarters offers equity and profit incentives to business‐unit managers with the objective of maximizing total expected firm returns. The resulting compensation contract provides a rich mechanism for aggregating value from collaborative interactions across business units, aligning managers' efforts with the firm's growth prospects and organization structure and managing the dual risks in profits and firm market value. The inclusion of equity incentives elicits higher levels of own‐unit and collaborative efforts over the profits‐only contract. Our results suggest that equity‐based incentives are most beneficial when profitability is uncertain relative to long‐term growth prospects, in firms pursuing related diversification strategies, and in periods of rising equity markets.Managerial summary: Equity‐based compensation such as restricted stock grants and options are increasingly common, not only for CEOs and other top executives, but also for business unit managers and other non‐C‐suite employees. The paper studies the role of such “global” incentives in enabling multibusiness firms to benefit from cross‐unit collaboration. Results from our model show that managerial contracts that include appropriate levels of equity incentives, in addition to profit‐based incentives, generate higher own‐unit and collaborative efforts. We also find that equity incentives are likely to be most beneficial for large firms in high‐growth sectors, for firms pursuing a related diversification strategy, and in periods of rising stock markets. The model can also provide useful guidance on designing return‐maximizing compensation contracts for business unit managers in different firm, organizational, and industry contexts. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The emerging landscape of small nucleolar RNAs in cell biology
Authors: Dupuis‐Sandoval Fabien , Poirier Mikaël , Scott Michelle S. 
Published: April 2015

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a large class of small noncoding RNAs present in all eukaryotes sequenced thus far. As a family, they have been well characterized as playing a central role in ribosome biogenesis, guiding either the sequence‐specific chemical modification of pre‐rRNA (ribosomal RNA) or its processing. However, in higher eukaryotes, numerous orphan snoRNAs were described over a decade ago, with no known target or ascribed function, suggesting the possibility of alternative cellular functionality. In recent years, thanks in great part to advances in sequencing methodologies, we have seen many examples of the diversity that exists in the snoRNA family on multiple levels. In this review, we discuss the identification of novel snoRNA members, of unexpected binding partners, as well as the clarification and extension of the snoRNA target space and the characterization of diverse new noncanonical functions, painting a new and extended picture of the snoRNA landscape. Under the deluge of novel features and functions that have recently come to light, snoRNAs emerge as a central, dynamic, and highly versatile group of small regulatory RNAs. WIREs RNA 2015, 6:381–397. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1284This article is categorized under:

RNA Evolution and Genomics > Ribonomics
RNA Processing > Processing of Small RNAs
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs