bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-transplant Outcomes of Children Bridged to Transplant With the Berlin Heart EXCOR Pediatric Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Eghtesady Pirooz , Almond Christopher S.D. , Tjossem Christine , Epstein Deirdre , Imamura Michiaki , Turrentine Mark , Tweddell James , Jaquiss Robert D.B. , Canter Charles 
Published: September 2013

Background—
Recent data suggest that Berlin Heart EXCOR Pediatric (EXCOR) ventricular assist device improves waiting list survival for pediatric heart transplant candidates. Little is known about their post-transplant outcomes. The aim of this analysis was to determine whether there was a difference in early survival for children bridged to transplant with EXCOR versus status 1A pediatric heart transplant patients not transplanted with ventricular assist device support.

Methods and Results—

Pediatric heart transplant patients (n=106) bridged to transplantation with EXCOR were compared with a similarly aged cohort (n=1021) within the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network (OPTN) database (both cohorts from May 2007 to December 2010). In the EXCOR group, 12-month post-transplant survival (88.7%) was similar to OPTN patients listed status 1A who were not on ventricular assist device support at transplant (89.3%;
P
=0.85) and significantly better than 12-month survival in OPTN patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation at transplant (60.3%;
P
<0.001). Rejection (50%) was a significantly (
P
=0.005) higher cause of 12-month post-transplant mortality in the EXCOR compared with the OPTN group. Death after transplant was also higher in EXCOR patients with congenital heart disease compared with those with cardiomyopathy (26.1% versus 7.2%;
P
=0.02). Post-transplant survival was similar in EXCOR patients with ≥1 serious adverse event during ventricular assist device support as those without an event during support.

Conclusions—
The 12-month post-transplant survival with EXCOR is comparable with overall pediatric heart transplant survival and superior to survival after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Neither adverse events during support nor factors associated with mortality during support influence post-transplant survival. Rejection was a significantly greater cause of post-transplant mortality in EXCOR than in OPTN patients.
Type A Aortic Dissection After Nonaortic Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Stanger Olaf , Schachner Thomas , Gahl Brigitta , Oberwalder Peter , Englberger Lars , Thalmann Markus , Harrington Debbie , Wiedemann Dominik , Südkamp Michael , Sheppard Mary N. , Field Mark , Rylski Bartosz , Petrou Mario , Carrel Thierry , Bonatti Johannes , Pepper John 
Published: September 2013

Background—
Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with mechanical manipulation of the ascending aorta that occasionally leads to type A aortic dissection (AAD).

Methods and Results—

One hundred three patients with surgical repair for AAD following nonaortic cardiac surgery were identified. With the use of logistic regression modeling, coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), either isolated or combined with another procedure in the initial operation, was associated with significantly higher operative mortality in comparison with patients with non-CABG procedures at the time of AAD repair both for all patients (odds ratio, 2.90; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–7.72;
P
=0.033) and for patients with acute and chronic AAD ≥30 days after the initial operation (odds ratio, 3.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–11.54;
P
=0.03). In patients who developed AAD late after the initial operation, operative mortality was highest in patients without preoperative coronary angiography and appropriate management of their native coronary artery disease and graft disease (odds ratio, 5.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.68–17.0;
P
=0.002). Nearly all the intimal dissection tears were located at sites of previous surgical trauma. Most of the ascending aortas that had dissected initially had a diameter ≥40 mm with histological evidence of medial degeneration in resected tissue samples.

Conclusions—
In patients who have undergone previous cardiac surgery, preexisting aortic wall pathology contributes to AAD with typical intimal damage at sites of mechanical trauma. The operative mortality was the highest in patients with previous CABG in comparison with patients with non-CABG procedures. Preoperative coronary angiography and operative management of native coronary and graft disease were significantly associated with outcome in patients with previous CABG.
Risk of Lower and Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Transfusions, and Hospitalizations With Complex Antithrombotic Therapy in Elderly Patients
Authors: Abraham Neena S. , Hartman Christine , Richardson Peter , Castillo Diana , Street Richard L. , Naik Aanand D. 
Published: September 2013

Background—
Complex antithrombotic therapy (CAT) prescribed to elderly patients increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. We quantified upper (UGIE) and lower gastrointestinal (LGIE) events, transfusions, and hospitalizations in a national cohort of elderly veterans prescribed CAT.

Methods and Results—
Veterans ≥60 years of age prescribed anticoagulant-antiplatelet, aspirin (ASA)-antiplatelet, ASA-anticoagulant, or triple therapy (ie, TRIP, anticoagulant-antiplatelet-ASA) were identified from the national pharmacy database (October 1, 2002 to September 30, 2008). Prescription-fill data were linked to Veteran Affairs and Medicare encounter files, each person-day of follow-up was assessed for CAT exposure, and outcomes were defined by using diagnostic code algorithms derived following chart abstraction. Incidence density ratios (compared with the reference category of no CAT) and survival analysis was conducted. Among 78 133 veterans (98.6% white; mean age, 72.3 [standard deviation 7.7]), 64% were prescribed ASA-antiplatelet and anticoagulant-antiplatelet and 6% were prescribed TRIP. The incidence of UGIE was 20.1/1000 patient-years, and the incidence of LGIE was 70.1/1000 patient-years. ASA-anticoagulant and TRIP were associated with the highest incidence of transfusion and hospitalization. A 40% to 60% increased risk of UGIE was observed with all strategies. LGIE was 30% higher with anticoagulant-antiplatelet, and transfusion increased with ASA-anticoagulant (hazard ratio, 6.1; 95% confidence interval, 5.2–7.1) and TRIP (hazard ratio, 5.0; 95% confidence interval, 4.2–5.8). Increased risk of hospitalization was noted with all strategies. The number needed to harm for UGIE or LGIE ranged from 52 to 65 and 15 to 23, respectively. The number needed to harm for hospitalization was 39 (anticoagulant-antiplatelet), 34 (ASA-anticoagulant), 67 (ASA-antiplatelet), and 45 (TRIP) patients.

Conclusions—
Among elderly patients, CAT-related LGIE and UGIE are clinically relevant risks resulting in increased hospitalizations and transfusions.
Who Enrolls in the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Benefit Program? Medication Use Among Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Eapen Zubin J. , Hammill Bradley G. , Setoguchi Soko , Schulman Kevin A. , Peterson Eric D. , Hernandez Adrian F. , Curtis Lesley H. 
Published: September 2013

Background
Dispensing data from Medicare Part D standalone prescription drug plans are now available, but characteristics of enrollees with heart failure have not been well described.

Methods and Results
We identified 81 874 patients with prevalent heart failure as of January 1, 2010, in a nationally representative 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries. We classified patients according to enrollment in a Medicare Part D plan as of January 1, 2010. Demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, and prescriptions were compared by enrollment status. A total of 49 252 (60.2%) were enrolled in a Medicare Part D plan as of January 1. Enrollees were more often women, black, and of lower socioeconomic status. Enrollees with heart failure more often filled prescriptions for loop diuretics than angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, β‐blockers, or aldosterone antagonists. During the first 4 months of 2010, 5444 (12.3%) reached the coverage gap, and 566 (1.3%) required catastrophic coverage beyond the gap.

Conclusions
Medicare beneficiaries with heart failure differ significantly according to enrollment in Part D prescription drug plans and represent a population underrepresented in clinical efficacy trials. Many face the coverage gap, and few select Medicare Part D plans that provide coverage during the gap. Linking Medicare Part D event data with clinical registries could help to determine whether eligible enrollees are undertreated for heart failure.
Halojulellaceae a new family of the order Pleosporales
Authors: ARIYAWANSA HIRAN A. , JONES EVAN B.G. , SUETRONG SATINEE , ALIAS SITI A. , KANG JI-CHUAN , HYDE KEVIN D. 
Published: September 2013

Halojulellaceae fam. nov. and Halojullela gen. nov. are introduced to accommodate Julella avicenniae, a marine species in the suborder Pleosporineae, order Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes. Justification for the new family is based on combined gene analysis of the large and small subunits of the nuclear ribosomal RNA genes (LSU, SSU) and two protein coding genes RPB2 and TEF1, as well as morphological characters. Halojulellaceae and Halojulella are characterized by immersed to semi-immersed, clypeate ascomata, with short, papillate ostioles, cellular, hyphae-like, pseudoparaphyses, 8-spored, fissitunicate, clavate to cylindrical asci with a well-developed apical apparatus, a moderately long pedicel with a club-like base and hyaline or golden brown, ellipsoidal, muriform ascospores and is typified by Halojulella avicenniae. Halojullela differs from Julella, (type J. buxi) in its marine habitat and distinctly differing ascus with the apical apparatus being well-developed and moderately long club-like pedicel. Morphological characters and molecular data show that H. avicenniae belongs in the Pleosporales, outside any of the known families, and thus a new family is introduced to accommodate it. Julella is maintained as a distinct genus which is presently most likely polyphyletic with saprobic and lichenized elements and needs further study as no molecular data is presently available for any species.
Eddy-Driven Exchange between the Open Ocean and a Sub–Ice Shelf Cavity
Authors: Årthun Marius , Holland Paul R. , Nicholls Keith W. , Feltham Daniel L. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The exchange between the open ocean and sub–ice shelf cavities is important to both water mass transformations and ice shelf melting. Here, the authors use a high-resolution (500 m) numerical model to investigate to which degree eddies produced by frontal instability at the edge of a polynya are capable of transporting dense high-salinity shelf water (HSSW) underneath an ice shelf. The applied surface buoyancy flux and ice shelf geometry is based on Ronne Ice Shelf in the southern Weddell Sea, an area of intense wintertime sea ice production where a flow of HSSW into the cavity has been observed. Results show that eddies are able to enter the cavity at the southwestern corner of the polynya where an anticyclonic rim current intersects the ice shelf front. The size and time scale of simulated eddies are in agreement with observations close to the Ronne Ice Front. The properties and strength of the inflow are sensitive to the prescribed total ice production, flushing the ice shelf cavity at a rate of 0.2–0.4 × 106 m3 s−1 depending on polynya size and magnitude of surface buoyancy flux. Eddy-driven HSSW transport into the cavity is reduced by about 50% if the model grid resolution is decreased to 2–5 km and eddies are not properly resolved.
A Multisensor Comparison of Ocean Wave Frequency Spectra from a Research Vessel during the Southern Ocean Gas Exchange Experiment
Authors: Cifuentes-Lorenzen Alejandro , Edson James B. , Zappa Christopher J. , Bariteau Ludovic 
Published: September 2013

AbstractObtaining accurate measurements of wave statistics from research vessels remains a challenge due to the platform motion. One principal correction is the removal of ship heave and Doppler effects from point measurements. Here, open-ocean wave measurements were collected using a laser altimeter, a Doppler radar microwave sensor, a radar-based system, and inertial measurement units. Multiple instruments were deployed to capture the low- and high-frequency sea surface displacements. Doppler and motion correction algorithms were applied to obtain a full 1D (0.035–1.3 ± 0.2 Hz) wave spectrum. The radar-based system combined with the laser altimeter provided the optimal low- and high-frequency combination, producing a frequency spectrum in the range from 0.035 to 1.2 Hz for cruising speeds ≤3 m s−1 with a spectral rolloff of f−4 Hz and noise floor of −20/−30 dB. While on station, the significant wave height estimates were comparable within 10%–15% among instrumentation. Discrepancies in the total energy and in the spectral shape between instruments arise when the ship is in motion. These differences can be quantified using the spectral behavior of the measurements, accounting for aliasing and Doppler corrections. The inertial sensors provided information on the amplitude of the ship’s modulation transfer function, which was estimated to be ~1.3 ± 0.2 while on station and increased while underway [2.1 at ship-over-ground (SOG) speed; 4.3 m s−1]. The correction scheme presented here is adequate for measurements collected at cruising speeds of 3 m s−1 or less. At speeds greater than 5 m s−1, the motion and Doppler corrections are not sufficient to correct the observed spectral degradation.
Toward Producing the Chukchi–Beaufort High-Resolution Atmospheric Reanalysis (CBHAR) via the WRFDA Data Assimilation System
Authors: Liu Fuhong , Krieger Jeremy R. , Zhang Jing 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) and its variational data assimilation system (WRFDA) are applied to the Chukchi–Beaufort Seas and adjacent Arctic Slope region for high-resolution regional atmospheric reanalysis study. To optimize WRFDA performance over the study area, a set of sensitivity experiments are carried out to analyze the model sensitivity to model background errors (BEs) and the assimilation of various observational datasets. Observational data are assimilated every 6 h and the results are verified against unassimilated observations. In the BE sensitivity analyses, the results of assimilating in situ surface observations with a customized, domain-dependent BE are compared to those using the WRF-provided global BE. It is found that the customized BE is necessary in order to achieve positive impacts from WRFDA assimilation for the study area. When seasonal variability is incorporated into the customized BE, the impacts are minor. Sensitivity analyses examining the assimilation of different datasets via WRFDA demonstrate that 1) positive impacts are always seen through the assimilation of in situ surface and radiosonde measurements, 2) assimilating Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) winds improves the simulation of the 10-m wind field over ocean and coastal areas, and 3) selectively assimilating Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) retrieved profiles under clear-sky and snow-free conditions is essential to avoid degradation of assimilation performance, while assimilation of Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) retrievals has little impact, most likely due to limited data availability. Based on the sensitivity results, a 1-yr (2009) experimental reanalysis is conducted and consistent improvements are achieved, particularly in capturing mesoscale processes such as mountain barrier and sea-breeze effects.
Relative Prices, Trade, Technology and Wage Inequality: Evidence from India
Authors: Srivastava Archana , Mathur Somesh Kumar 
Published: September 2013

This article examines the link between relative export, import and domestic goods’ prices and relative wages over the years by empirically testing the Stolper–Samuelson theorem for India. It also examines the role of other factors such as manufacturing trade, liberalization phase, inflation, foreign and domestic technology, etc. on rising wage inequality in the manufacturing sector in India.  The results seem to prove the validity of Stolper–Samuelson theorem. The results also throw some light on Rybczynski theorem, which shows the relationship between output and endowment and factor price insensitivity elasticity, and the link between factor endowments and factor prices. The empirical testing is done using estimates of the translog production function and translog cost function along with the share equations. The elasticity of substitution between factors of production has been worked out using Allen’s and Morishima’s formulae, which in turn use estimates of the translog cost function.
Exploring public awareness and perceptions of palliative care: A qualitative study
Authors: McIlfatrick Sonja , Noble Helen , McCorry Noleen K , Roulston Audrey , Hasson Felicity , McLaughlin Dorry , Johnston Gail , Rutherford Lesley , Payne Cathy , Kernohan George , Kelly Sheila , Craig Avril 
Published: September 2013

Background: Research suggests that the public appear to be confused about the meaning of palliative care. Given the ageing population and associated increase in the number of patients requiring palliative care, it is vital to explore the public’s understanding of this concept. Health-promoting palliative care seeks to translate hospice and palliative care ideals into broader public health practice. Aim: To explore public perceptions of palliative care and identify strategies to raise awareness. Design: An exploratory qualitative approach. Participants: Semi-structured telephone interviews were undertaken ( N = 50) with members of the public who volunteered to participate in the study. The interviews focused on knowledge and perceptions of palliative care, expectations of palliative care services and the identification of strategies to raise public awareness of palliative care. The interviews were audio recorded and content analysed. Results: Most participants had a general knowledge of palliative care, largely influenced by their own personal experience. They identified that palliative care was about caring for people who were dying and maintaining comfort in the last days of life. Participant’s expectations of services included the following: holistic support, symptom management, good communication and practical support to enable choice and carer support. Key aspects identified for promoting palliative care were the development of understanding and use of the term itself and targeted educational strategies. Conclusion: Experience of palliative care generates understanding in the general public who also have ideas for increasing knowledge and awareness. The findings can inform policymakers about strategies to raise public awareness of palliative care.
Altered brain connectivity in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: A scalp electroencephalography study
Authors: Xue Qing , Wang Zhen-Yu , Xiong Xiu-Chun , Tian Chun-Yang , Wang Yu-Ping , Xu Peng 
Published: September 2013

Objective To determine the role of altered brain connectivity in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). Methods Patients with PNES and age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were enrolled. Participants underwent neuropsychological evaluation (anxiety, depression and dissociation) and interictal scalp electroencephalography (EEG). A brain network was constructed. Between-group differences in clustering coefficient and global efficiency were analysed. Results Patients with PNES ( n = 15) had significantly decreased clustering coefficients in the gamma band compared with controls ( n = 15). Difference topology revealed that patients with PNES had decreased long linkage between the frontal region and other regions compared with controls. There were no significant between-group differences in global efficiency. Neuropsychological scores were significantly higher in patients than controls, but there were no correlations with network properties. Conclusion Altered brain connectivity in patients with PNES suggests an underlying pathophysiological mechanism. EEG and network analysis allow noninvasive exploration of the neurological processes of this disease.
Benefits of a frame-based stereotactic surgical planning system for the treatment of spontaneous intracerebral haematomas
Authors: Dun Zhiping , Zhu Shugan , Jiang Hao 
Published: September 2013

Objective Frame-based stereotactic surgical planning systems (SSPSs) have been used for deep brain stimulation and radioneurosurgery. Here, we evaluated the feasibility, safety and efficacy of using a SSPS to aid spontaneous intracerebral haematoma (ICH) treatment. Methods Patients with moderate spontaneous putamen haematomas were randomized into two groups: treatment (group A) and control (group B). In group B, the catheter for evacuating haematomas was inserted into a target point, located at the centre of the haematoma, using conventional frame-based stereotactics; urokinase thrombolysis was subsequently delivered through the catheter. In group A, this procedure was assisted by a SSPS, which designed both the target point and trajectory in the haematoma through virtual reality. Duration of evacuating haematomas and number of urokinase injections was compared between groups. Results In total, 65 patients were recruited: in group A ( n = 30), the duration of evacuating haematomas (35.27 ± 9.17 h) was shorter than in group B ( n = 35; 67.77 ± 13.82 h). There were fewer urokinase injections in group A (3.63 ± 1.16) than in group B (6.40 ± 1.29). Conclusions The feasibility, efficacy and safety of spontaneous ICH treatment were optimized by the use of a frame-based SSPS.
Anatomic Comparison of Lateral Transfer of the Long Flexors for Concomitant Peroneal Tears
Authors: Seybold Jeffrey D. , Campbell John T. , Jeng Clifford L. , Myerson Mark S. 
Published: September 2013

Background: Lateral transfers of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) or flexor digitorum longus (FDL) tendons have been described for treatment of concomitant, irreparable peroneal tears. This study evaluated the anatomic benefits and constraints of lateral FHL and FDL tendon transfers with regard to available tendon length, diameter, and proximity to the posterior neurovascular bundle. Methods: In 9 cadaveric specimens, the FHL and FDL tendons were transected through a medial approach distal to the knot of Henry. Each tendon was transferred into a lateral incision, passing the FDL tendon both posterior and anterior to the tibial neurovascular bundle. The tendons were individually secured to the base of the fifth metatarsal with the foot in maximal eversion and dorsiflexion. The length of donor tendon available for fixation at the fifth metatarsal was measured. After the FDL tendon transfer was secured, the posterior neurovascular bundle was examined for signs of compression. Results: Average FHL tendon diameter measured 5.1 mm; the FDL measured 4.5 mm. After passage through a bone tunnel, an additional 4.9 cm of FHL tendon remained to suture to itself; only 0.5 cm remained for the posterior and anterior FDL transfers. Transfer of the FHL did not increase muscle bulk within the retrofibular groove. Every FDL transfer posterior to the neurovascular bundle produced obvious visual compression of the tibial nerve with plantar flexion and inversion of the foot. Conclusion: Use of the FHL tendon for lateral transfer consistently provided sufficient length of tendon for multiple fixation options and a stronger muscle for transfer. Fixation options for the FDL were limited due to its shorter length. Lateral transfer of the FDL tendon posterior to the neurovascular bundle caused visible compression on the tibial nerve with ankle and hindfoot range of motion. Clinical Relevance: This anatomic study confirmed several advantages for the use of the FHL tendon transfer in cases of concomitant peroneal tears.