bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of age, gender and delay on overtaking dynamics
Authors: Llorca Carlos , García Alfredo , Moreno Ana Tsui , Pérez‐Zuriaga Ana María 
Published: July 2013

Overtaking is one of the most dangerous manoeuvres on two‐lane rural highways. The most influential factors are related to drivers, so ITS and assistance systems are not yet common. This research is based on experimental data of overtaking manoeuvres collected using an instrumented passenger car, equipped with four cameras, laser rangefinders and a global positioning service (GPS) tracker. This vehicle was driven along four different road segments in the surroundings of Valencia (Spain) at a speed slightly slower than the operating speed of each segment. Overtaking time and speeds were measured. Unlike previous work, the influence of human factor was also considered. Age and gender of overtaking driver, as well as time spent following were used to characterise this influence. More than 200 manoeuvres were recorded and the influence of driver characteristics and delay on gap acceptance, manoeuvre duration and speed differences have been analysed. Results show differences in behaviour between age and gender groups, since young male overtaking drivers have shown a more aggressive behaviour. Overtaking times were around 1 s lower than other drivers, whereas average speed difference was 4 km/h higher. Collected data and their analysis have provided a basis to review design criteria and to develop future assistance systems.
Gender and age‐related differences in the perception of in‐vehicle mobile phone usage among Portuguese drivers
Authors: Ferreira Ana L. , Bianchi Piccinini Giulio F. , Rôla Susana , Simões Anabela 
Published: July 2013

It has already been proved that the use of the mobile phone while driving has a negative impact on the driving performance, increasing the risk of being involved in a car accident. However, in order to plan adequate corrective actions, there is the need to know more about people's usage of mobile phone while driving and what are drivers' opinions about the risk represented by that action. The aim of the present study was three‐fold: to investigate the patterns of use of the mobile phone while driving by gender and age, to find out the prevalence of hands‐free systems use by gender and age and, finally, to understand the perceived hazard in using the mobile phone while driving by gender and age. A sample of 769 Portuguese drivers answered a web‐based survey developed in the frame of the European project INTERACTION. The answers revealed that the rate of mobile phone use among Portuguese drivers is very high. In addition, results showed that drivers perceived talking on a hands‐free mobile phone while driving as much less dangerous compared with speaking on a hand‐held mobile phone. Based on those results, further research is suggested.
Temperature-dependent strain localization and texture evolution of highly nanotwinned Cu
Authors: Furnish T. A. , Lohmiller J. , Gruber P. A. , Barbee T. W. , Hodge A. M. 
Published: July 2013

Strong differences in the plastic strain and texture development in high purity nanotwinned copper foils deformed to failure in tension at ambient and liquid nitrogen (LN) temperatures have been observed. High energy microdiffraction patterns for the room temperature (RT) sample showed two distinct deformation regions relative to its fracture surface: d &lt; 500 μm and d &gt; 500 μm; while for the sample deformed at 77 K, three distinct regions were observed: d &lt; 120 μm, 120 μm &lt; d &lt; 1550 μm, and d &gt; 1550 μm. The localized plastic deformation in the RT tensile test and the increased ductile deformation at LN temperature are discussed in terms of the dualistic nanotwins plus micro-scale columnar grain structure.
First Report of Stem Rot in Canola Caused by Sclerotinia minor in Western Australia
Authors: Khangura R. , MacLeod W. J. 
Published: July 2013

Canola (Brassica napus L.) is a significant oilseed break crop in Western Australia. In late October 2012, canola plants (cv. Jackpot) showing typical symptoms of stem rot with bleached appearance and fluffy white fungal growth on the infected tissues were observed in an experimental plot at Katanning, Western Australia. Severely affected plants were lodged with partially filled pods and shriveled seeds. Small, irregular sclerotia (<2 mm) were found inside the plants and were more concentrated in the root and basal stem than in the upper stem regions. Ten sclerotia from three symptomatic plants were surface sterilized with 1.25% NaOCl for 1 minute, rinsed twice in sterile distilled water and plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with 10 mg liter–1 Aureomycin. Plates were incubated under a black light at 22 ± 2°C. Sclerotinia minor Jagger was consistently isolated as identified by colony morphology, abundant sclerotia on PDA, and size of sclerotia <2 mm (3). A pathogenicity test was conducted on six 7-week-old canola plants cv. Tawriffic. Mycelial plugs (5 mm diameter) were excised from the margins of actively growing 3-day-old cultures and attached on to the 2nd and the 4th internodes of the main stem with Parafilm. Three plants inoculated with agar plugs without mycelium served as controls. Following inoculation, the plants were kept in a misting chamber for 48 h and then transferred to a growth room at 18 ± 2°C with a 12-h photoperiod. Typical lesions of stem rot similar to those observed in the field were noticed 3 days after inoculation. Within a week, all the inoculated plants were completely girdled by the lesions with stems breaking off and collapsing at the point of inoculation. Small sclerotia formed within lesions on the outside of the diseased stems. S. minor was reisolated from the stems of symptomatic plants, fulfilling Koch's postulates. No symptoms developed on the control plants. S. minor has previously been reported on host plants other than canola in Western Australia (4), canola petals in New South Wales, Australia (2), and also on canola stems in Argentina (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of occurrence of S. minor on canola in Western Australia. Although S. sclerotiorum is the predominant species causing stem rot in canola in Western Australia, S. minor has the potential to cause significant yield losses under favorable environmental conditions. Correct identification and monitoring a shift in pathogens is essential for implementing effective management strategies and breeding resistant varieties. References: (1) S. A. Gaetán et al. Plant Dis. 92:172, 2008. (2) T. Hind-Lanoiselet et al. Aust Plant Pathol. 30:289, 2001. (3) L. M. Kohn. Phytopathology 69:881, 1979. (4) R. Shivas. J. Royal. Soc. Western Australia 72:1, 1989.
Selective β1-Antagonism with Bisoprolol Is Associated with Fewer Postoperative Strokes than Atenolol or Metoprolol
Authors: Ashes Catherine , Judelman Saul , Wijeysundera Duminda N. , Tait Gordon , Mazer C. David , Hare Gregory M. T. , Beattie W. Scott 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background:
Perioperative metoprolol increases postoperative stroke. Animal studies indicate that the mechanism may be related to attenuated β2-adrenoreceptor-mediated cerebral vasodilatation. The authors therefore conducted a cohort to study whether the highly β1-specific β-blocker (bisoprolol) was associated with a reduced risk of postoperative stroke compared with less selective β-blockers (metoprolol or atenolol).

Methods:
The authors conducted a single-center study on 44,092 consecutive patients with age 50 yr or more having noncardiac, nonneurologic surgery. The primary outcome was stroke within 7 days of surgery. The secondary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality, postoperative myocardial injury, and stroke. A propensity score-matched cohort was created to assess the independent association between bisoprolol and less β1-selective agents metoprolol or atenolol. A secondary analysis using logistic regression, based on previously identified confounders, also compared selective β1-antagonism.

Results:
Twenty-four percent (10,756) of patients were exposed to in-hospital β-blockers. A total of 88 patients (0.2%) suffered a stroke within 7 days of surgery. The matched cohort consisted of 2,462 patients, and the pairs were well matched for all variables. Bisoprolol was associated with fewer postoperative strokes than the less selective agents (odds ratio = 0.20; 95% CI, 0.04–0.91). Multivariable risk-adjustment in the β-blockers-exposed patients comparing bisoprolol with the less selective agents was associated with a similarly reduced stroke rate.

Conclusions:
The use of metoprolol and atenolol is associated with increased risks of postoperative stroke, compared with bisoprolol. These findings warrant confirmation in a pragmatic randomized trial.
Emergency Department Revisits in Children With Gastroenteritis
Authors: Freedman Stephen B. , Thull‐Freedman Jennifer D. , Rumantir Maggie , Atenafu Eshetu G. , Stephens Derek 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the study was to determine whether intravenous fluid administration is independently associated with a reduction in unscheduled emergency department (ED) revisits within 7 days.Methods:We conducted a single‐center, retrospective observational cohort study in a pediatric ED in Toronto, Canada. Participants were younger than 18 years, diagnosed as having gastroenteritis, and discharged home between July 2003 and June 2008. Multivariable regression models were used to determine the associations between the exposures (intravenous rehydration, triage severity score, age) and ED revisits and revisits with intravenous rehydration. Accuracy was assessed using bootstrap analysis.Results:There were 22,125 potentially eligible visits; 3346 were included in our final cohort. A total of 497 children (15%) received intravenous rehydration and 543 (16%) had an unscheduled revisit. Regression analysis included 2874 children with complete data, and identified 5 independent predictors of an ED revisit: intravenous rehydration (odds ratio [OR] 1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36–2.26); number of vomiting episodes (1.20; 95% CI 1.04–1.28/5 episode increase); days of diarrhea (OR 0.92; 95% CI 0.88–0.97/day increase); frequency of diarrhea (1.19; 95% CI 1.03–1.38/5 episode increase); and age (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.91–0.98/year). Bootstrap methodology identified intravenous rehydration, age, number of vomiting episodes, days of diarrhea, and number of diarrheal stools a minimum of 500 of 1000 iterations.Conclusions:Intravenous rehydration is associated with unscheduled ED revisits after adjustment for clinical findings. Although children experiencing revisits were likely more unwell, our data do not support the provision of intravenous fluids to prevent unscheduled ED revisits in children with mild‐to‐moderate dehydration.
Serum amyloid A stimulates cultured endothelial cells to migrate and proliferate: inhibition by the multikinase inhibitor BIBF1120
Authors: Cai Xiaoping , Freedman S Ben , Witting Paul K 
Published: July 2013

Summary

In the present study, we tested whether serum amyloid A (SAA) protein, an established biomarker of inflammation, also plays a role in stimulating neovascularization. To evaluate this possibility, human carotid artery endothelial (HCtAE) cells were cultured and cellular migration and the proinflammatory and/or thrombotic activity of SAA (0, 1 or 10 μg/mL) on vascular endothelial cells was verified by determining gene regulation relative to control (in the absence of SAA).

Exposure of HCtAE cells to SAA increased expression of the transcription factor nuclear factor‐κB (NFKB), tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and pro‐coagulative tissue factor (F3), and stimulated phosphorylation of the P65 subunit of the NFKB complex.

Enhanced production of TNF and NFKB was paralleled by increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein expression, as demonstrated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and ELISA.

Administration of 10 μg/mL SAA enhanced endothelial cell migration (1.6‐fold vs control), stimulated regrowth of HCtAE cells after mechanical injury (˜1.2‐fold vs control) and increased endothelial tube formation relative to control after 6 h.

The SAA‐mediated enhancement of endothelial cell migration, proliferation and tube formation were markedly inhibited by pretreatment of HCtAE cells with the multi‐angiokinase receptor inhibitor BIBF1120 (100 nmol/L), although SAA‐stimulated gene responses for F3 and NFKB were unaffected by 100 nmol/L BIBF1120 pretreatment.

Overall, BIBF1120 inhibited the pro‐angiogenic activity of SAA on vascular endothelial cells in this experimental model of inflammation.
Genomics of corneal wound healing: a review of the literature
Authors: Maycock Nick J. R. , Marshall John 
Published: July 2013

Abstract.Corneal wound healing is a complex process: its mechanisms and the underlying genetic control are not fully understood. It involves the integrated actions of multiple growth factors, cytokines and proteases produced by epithelial cells, stromal keratocytes, inflammatory cells and lacrimal gland cells. Following an epithelial insult, multiple cytokines are released triggering a cascade of events that leads to repair the epithelial defect and remodelling of the stroma to minimize the loss of transparency and function. In this review, we examine the literature surrounding the genomics of corneal wound healing with respect to the following topics: epithelial and stromal wound healing (including inhibition); corneal neovascularisation; the role of corneal nerves in wound healing; the endothelium; the role of aquaporins and aptamers. We also examine the effect of ectasia on corneal wound healing with regard to keratoconus and following corneal surgery. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular changes that occur during repair of corneal wounds will provide the opportunity to design treatments that selectively modulate key phases of the healing process resulting in scars that more closely resemble normal corneal architecture.
The Portuguese formal social support for autonomy and dependence in pain inventory (FSSADI_PAIN): A preliminary validation study
Authors: Matos Marta , Bernardes Sónia F. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectivesDevelopment and preliminary validation of a Portuguese measure of perceived Formal Social Support for Autonomy and Dependence in Pain (FSSADI_PAIN).MethodsOne hundred and fifty‐one older adults (88.1% women), between 56 and 94 years of age (M = 75.41; SD = 9.11), who attended one of the following institutions – day care centre (33.1%), nursing home (36.4%) and senior university (30.5%) – were recruited for this study. Along with the FSSADI_PAIN, participants filled out the Portuguese versions of the Brief Pain Inventory (Azevedo et al., 2007, Dor, 15, 6) and the Social Support Scale of Medical Outcomes Survey (Pais‐Ribeiro & Ponte, 2009, Psicologia, Saúde & Doença, 10, 163).ResultsThe factorial structure reflected the functions of perceived promotion of (1) dependence and (2) autonomy, showing good internal consistency (α > .70) and sensitivity indices. The FSSADI_PAIN showed good content, discriminant and criterion validity; it differentiated the perceptions of promotion of dependence/autonomy according to individual's pain severity and disability, as well as the type of institution.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest that the FSSADI_PAIN is an innovative and promising measure of perceived formal social support adapted to pain‐related contexts.Statement of contributionWhat is already known on this subject? Some studies with Chronic Pain patients suggest a negative relationship between perceived social support (PSS) and pain interference and severity (e.g., Evers, Kraaimaat, Geenen, Jacobs & Bijlsma, 2003; Turk, Kerns & Rosenberg, 1992), avoidance of daily activities and associated physical disability (e.g., Cohen & Wills, 1985; Jamison & Virts, 1990) and emotional distress (e.g., depression, anxiety; Zyrianova et al., 2006). Moreover, evidence shows that the higher the PSS, the less frequent the adoption of passive coping strategies, like physical and social activity avoidance or relational withdrawal (e.g., Katz, Ritvo, Ivine & Jackson, 1996). Overall, these studies emphasize the benefits of high PSS in chronic pain patients.What does this study add? This study brings theoretical and methodological innovations: The conceptualization and operationalization of the functions of perceived promotion of autonomy and perceived promotion of dependence (PPD). Our results stress the importance of taking into consideration and differentiating these functions of PSS. Highlights the central role of PPD among older adults with chronic pain.
Clinical significance of ureteric ‘skip lesions’ at the time of radical cystectomy: the M.D. Anderson experience and literature review
Authors: Hoang Anthony N. , Agarwal Piyush K. , Walton‐Diaz Annerleim , Wood Christopher G. , Metwalli Adam R. , Kassouf Wassim , Brown Gordon A. , Black Peter C. , Urbauer Diana L. , Grossman H. Barton , Dinney Colin P.N. , Kamat Ashish M. 
Published: July 2013

Objective
To assess the incidence and clinical significance of ‘skip lesions’ that are present in proximal but not in distal ureteric sections, which are occasionally found during the pathological examination of ureteric margins during radical cystectomy (RC).
Patients and Methods
We identified 660 patients who underwent a RC and had at least two permanent margins for a given ureter.
In all, 1173 ureters were analysed and classified as follows: ‘normal’ (no tumour, reactive atypia, mild or moderate dysplasia) or ‘abnormal’ (severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ (CIS), or tumour).
Transitions from ‘normal’ distal pathology to ‘abnormal’ on proximal section(s) determined frequency of skip lesions.
Fisher's exact test and the log‐rank test were used to study correlations.
Results
Ureteric skip lesions were found in 4.8% patients (2.9% ureters).
Pathology of skip lesions was CIS in 55.9%, transitional cell carcinoma in 23.5% and severe dysplasia in 20.6%.
Skip lesions were associated with lymphovascular invasion (34.4% vs 13.7%, P = 0.004) and advanced pT stage (P = 0.007).
On multivariate analysis, skip lesions correlated with lower median overall survival (OS) (inestimable vs 8.2 years, P = 0.014) in patients with pT0 or pTa disease and a trend towards lower OS (2.7 vs 8.8 years, P = 0.066) in pTis disease.
Concordance between frozen distal margin and permanent proximal margin varied; sensitivity was 80% in those without and 20% in those with skip lesions.
Conclusions
The presence of a ureteric skip lesion may be associated with lower survival in patients with pT0, pTa or pTis urothelial carcinoma.
Thus, while uncommon, ureteric skip lesions should be reported in pathological findings.
Deformity stabilization and improvement in men with untreated Peyronie's disease
Authors: Berookhim Boback M. , Choi Judy , Alex Byron , Mulhall John P. 
Published: July 2013

Objective
To define predictors of the deformity stabilisation and improvement in men with untreated Peyronie's disease (PD).
Patients and Methods
The study population consisted of patients with PD‐associated uniplanar curvature, who opted for no treatment and were followed for at least 12 months.
All patients had deformity assessment (DA) performed on initial presentation and at follow‐up. Stabilisation of PD was defined as no change between DAs (±10°), while improvement and progression were defined as ≥10° change.
Patients were subdivided into different groups based on time to presentation: ≤6 months (A), 7–12 months (B), and 13–18 months (C).
Multivariable analysis was used to define predictors of stabilisation and improvement.
Results
In all, 176 men met the inclusion criteria.
The mean age was 54 years, with a mean (sd) PD duration of 9 (12) months and mean curvature of 42 (27)°. In all, 67% of the entire population had no change in deformity over time, 12% improved with a mean (sd) change of 27 (14)°, and 21% worsened with a mean (sd) change of 22 (11)°.
On multivariate analysis, predictors of stabilisation included: time to presentation of >6 months (odds ratio [OR] 2.4, P < 0.01), per decade increase in age (OR 1.5, P < 0.05), and age (r = 0.32, P < 0.05).
Predictors of improvement included: time to presentation of ≤6 months (OR 4.1, P < 0.001), and per decade decrease in age (OR 2.1, P < 0.01).
Conclusions
In men with uniplanar curvature, PD stabilisation and improvement rates change with time‐to‐presentation and patient age.
These data may aid in counselling patients with PD.
Bladder function in a cannabinoid receptor type 1 knockout mouse
Authors: Füllhase Claudius , Campeau Lysanne , Sibaev Andrei , Storr Martin , Hennenberg Martin , Gratzke Christian , Stief Christian , Hedlund Petter , Andersson Karl‐Erik 
Published: July 2013

Objective
To evaluate bladder function in an established cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor knockout (KO) mouse model via organ‐bath (in vitro) and urodynamic (cystometric; in vivo) experiments.
Materials and Methods
In all, 20 8‐week‐old female wildtype (WT) mice (C57BL/6) and 20 age‐matched CB1 KO mice were used.
Six mice from each group were used for the organ‐bath experiments, where the contractile responses of bladder tissue strips after carbachol exposure (carbachol concentration response curve [CCRC]; myogenic contraction) and during electrical field stimulation (EFS; neurogenic contraction) were assessed.
In all, 14 mice per group were used for cystometric experiments without any anaesthesia, in which standard urodynamic variables were assessed 3 days after bladder catheterisation.
Results
The CCRCs of bladder strips from CB1 KO mice were similar to those of WT mice. However, during EFS the bladder strips from the CB1 KO mice had significantly lower contractile responses than WT preparations, indicating that in CB1 KO mice the neuronal component of bladder contraction was different.
In cystometric experiments the CB1 KO mice had a higher micturition frequency (shorter mean [sem] inter‐micturition interval of 3.24 [0.29] vs 7.32 [0.5] min), a lower bladder capacity (0.09 [0.01] vs 0.18 [0.01] mL) and micturition volume (0.07 [0.01] vs 0.14 [0.01] mL), a lower bladder compliance (0.007 [0.001] vs 0.02 [0.002] mL/cmH2O), and higher spontaneous bladder activity (5.1 [0.5] vs 2.6 [0.6] cmH2O) than WT mice (all P < 0.05, Student's t‐test).
In WT mice, systemic administration of rimonabant (SR141716), a CB1 receptor antagonist, resulted in urodynamic changes similar to those seen in the CB1 KO mice.
Conclusions
In vitro, bladder strips from CB1 KO mice responded to muscarinic receptor stimulation similarly as the WT controls, but were less responsive to electrical stimulation of nerves. In vivo, CB1 KO mice had a higher micturition frequency and more spontaneous activity than WT mice.
The present findings suggest that CB1 receptors are involved in peripheral and central nervous control of micturition.