bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and treatment of coronary spasm in China: a case report
Authors: Zhang Hongyang , Ye Xianglin , Pei Haifeng 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundCoronary vasospasm (CVS) is a common cardiovascular condition, yet its implications should not be underestimated. Regrettably, the current diagnostic and treatment standards for CVS in China are not standardized, severely affecting the quality of life for patients with this condition.Case presentationA 68-year-old male presented to the hospital one month prior due to recurrent chest pain. Coronary angiography (CAG) revealed a mid-segment muscle bridge with plaque formation in the left anterior descending artery, followed by pharmacological balloon angioplasty. The primary diagnosis post-operation was acute non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and coronary artery myocardial bridging. This time, the patient experienced nocturnal chest pain with a dynamic increase in troponin levels. Emergency CAG showed the left anterior descending and right coronary arteries were fine, with segmental narrowing reaching 95%–99%. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) indicated negative remodeling of the mid-segment lumen associated with myocardial bridging, with the smallest lumen area being 2.19 mm2. After intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin, the original most narrowed lumen area increased to 8.81 mm2. Consequently, a definitive diagnosis of CVS with coronary artery myocardial bridging was made, and the medication treatment plan was promptly adjusted. The patient's symptoms disappeared, and he was discharged. Follow-up after more than three months showed no recurrence of symptoms.ConclusionIn cases where provocative agents are contraindicated, CAG combined with IVUS can optimize the differential diagnosis of CVS. There is an urgent need in China to improve epidemiological data on CVS and establish standardized diagnostic and treatment protocols.
Lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio is associated with in-hospital cardiac death in elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Luo Jun , Shao Han , Song Yu , Chao Yali 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundAlthough percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is recommended by guidelines, data from the real world suggest that elderly non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients have a low rate of PCI and a high death rate. Lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio (LCR), a novel inflammatory marker, has been shown to be associated with prognosis in a variety of diseases. However, the relationship between LCR and in-hospital cardiac death in elderly NSTEMI patients is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of LCR on in-hospital cardiac death in elderly NSTEMI patients without PCI therapy.MethodsThis was a single-center retrospective observational study, consecutively enrolled elderly (≥75 years) patients diagnosed with NSTEMI and without PCI from February 2019 to February 2024. LCR was defined as lymphocyte count to C-reactive protein ratio. The endpoint of observation was in-hospital cardiac death. The predictive efficacy of the old and new models was evaluated by the net reclassification index (NRI) and the integrated discriminant improvement index (IDI).ResultsA total of 506 patients were enrolled in this study, and in-hospital cardiac death occurred in 54 patients (10.7%). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that left ventricular ejection fraction, LCR, Killip ≥2, and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide proteins (NT-proBNP) were associated with the occurrence of in-hospital cardiac death. After adjusting for potential confounders, the results showed that NT-proBNP (OR = 1.695, 95% CI: 1.238–2.322) and LCR (OR = 0.262, 95% CI: 0.072–0.959) were independent risk factors for in-hospital cardiac death. After the addition of LCR to NT-proBNP, the predictive ability of the new model for in-hospital cardiac death was significantly improved (NRI = 0.278, P = 0.030; IDI = 0.017, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionLower LCR is an independent risk factor for in-hospital cardiac death in elderly NSTEMI patients without PCI, and integrating LCR improves the prediction of in-hospital cardiac death occurrence.
Nucleotide polymorphism-based study utilizes human plasma liposomes to discover potential therapeutic targets for intervertebral disc disease
Authors: Chen Ding-Qiang , Que Zhi-Qiang , Xu Wen-Bin , Xiao Ke-Yi , Sun Nai-Kun , Song Hong-Yu , Feng Jin-Yi , Lin Guang-Xun , Rui Gang 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundWhile intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is crucial in numerous spinally related illnesses and is common among the elderly, the complete understanding of its pathogenic mechanisms is still an area of ongoing study. In recent years, it has revealed that liposomes are crucial in the initiation and progression of IVDD. However, their intrinsic mediators and related mechanisms remain unclear. With the development of genomics, an increasing amount of data points to the contribution of genetics in the etiology of disease. Accordingly, this study explored the causality between liposomes and IVDD by Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and deeply investigated the intermediary roles of undetected metabolites.MethodsAccording to MR analysis, 179 liposomes and 1400 metabolites were evaluated for their causal association with IVDD. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are strongly associated with the concentrations of liposomes and metabolites. Consequently, they were employed as instrumental variables (IVs) to deduce if they constituted risk elements or protective elements for IVDD. Furthermore, mediation analysis was conducted to pinpoint possible metabolic mediators that link liposomes to IVDD. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) was the main analytical technique. Various confidence tests in the causality estimates were performed, including consistency, heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and sensitivity analyses. Inverse MR analysis was also utilized to estimate potential reverse causality.ResultsMR analysis identified 13 liposomes and 79 metabolites markedly relevant to IVDD. Moreover, the mediation analysis was carried out by choosing the liposome, specifically the triacylglycerol (48:2) levels, which were found to be most notably associated with an increased risk of IVDD. In all, three metabolite-associated mediators were identified (3-methylcytidine levels, inosine 5’-monophosphate (IMP) to phosphate ratio, and adenosine 5’-diphosphate (ADP) to glycine ratio).ConclusionThe analysis’s findings suggested possible causal connections between liposomes, metabolites, and IVDD, which could act as both forecast and prognosis clinical indicators, thereby aiding in the exploration of the pathogenesis behind IVDD.
Research trends in the relationship between vitamin D and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 20-year bibliometric and visualization analysis
Authors: Xu Ruijun , Shao Xuejing , Qiao Huibo , Yan Han , Xue Yi 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionVitamin D has a significant correlation with type 2 diabetes. Insufficient levels of vitamin D can cause insulin resistance, which impairs the ability of cells to respond to insulin and worsens the progression of diseases. Furthermore, vitamin D has the potential to enhance the release of insulin, enhance the regulation of blood sugar levels, and reduce the glycemic index. Research has indicated that insufficient levels of vitamin D may elevate the likelihood of experiencing complications related to type 2 diabetes, including cardiovascular disease and neuropathy. This study employed bibliometric analysis to investigate recent advancements in research about the relationship between vitamin D and type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe searched for articles on the topic of vitamin D and type 2 diabetes published between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2023. The search was performed on February 20, 2024, using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Utilizing VOSviewer and CiteSpace, we conducted bibliometric analysis and visualization.ResultsA comprehensive study was conducted on a total of 1362 papers pertaining to the relationship between vitamin D and type 2 diabetes. The United States had the biggest number of publications and the highest effect among these articles. Within the top 10 most published journals, the journal “DIABETES CARE” has the highest H-index, indicating its significant influence in this field of study. Currently, there is an extensive body of research on the supplementation of vitamin D for the improvement of type 2 diabetes and prevention of complications in type 2 diabetes, as well as its related mechanisms. Research related to bone turnover and peripheral neuropathy represents a promising area for future studies.ConclusionOverall, bibliometrics may assist researchers in comprehending the trajectory, significant themes, and scholarly influence of the field concerning vitamin D and type 2 diabetes. This, in turn, offers substantial backing for future studies that delve further into the subject matter.
Elucidating the genetic relationship between ulcerative colitis and diabetic kidney disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Guo Yaping , Yu Hangxing , Li Ying , Zhang Taijun , Xiong Weijian , Wu Xili 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionUlcerative colitis (UC) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are chronic disorders with multifaceted pathogenesis, posing significant challenges in clinical management. While substantial efforts have been made to investigate the individual causes of these diseases, the interplay between UC and DKD is not well understood. This study aims to elucidate the genetic association between UC and DKD through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, offering new insights into common biological pathways and potential clinical implications.MethodsWe conducted a bidirectional two-sample MR study utilizing data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for both UC and DKD. Instrumental variables (IVs) were meticulously selected according to genome-wide significance and stringent statistical criteria, ensuring robust causal inference. Various MR methodologies, including inverse variance weighting (IVW), were employed to assess the causal relationships between UC and DKD. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to validate the robustness of our findings.ResultsOur analysis revealed a significant causal relationship between genetic predisposition to UC and increased susceptibility to DKD. Specifically, individuals with a genetic susceptibility to UC exhibited a 17.3% higher risk of developing DKD. However, we found no evidence of a causal link between DKD and the risk of developing UC. Additionally, we identified shared genetic risk factors and molecular pathways linking UC and DKD, thereby highlighting potential therapeutic targets.DiscussionThis study underscores the intricate genetic interplay between UC and DKD, suggesting that individuals with UC may be at an elevated risk for developing DKD. Understanding these shared genetic pathways could facilitate the development of early detection strategies and targeted interventions for individuals at risk of DKD. Ultimately, these insights could lead to improved clinical outcomes for patients suffering from both conditions.
Understanding placed-based pathways by which housing is related to health inequalities: a qualitative interview study in London
Authors: Sheringham Jessica , Klaptocz Joanna , Ingram Elizabeth , Ucci Marcella 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundHousing is a well-recognised determinant of health. It is not known, however, how local decision makers conceptualise the links between housing and health and, in turn, what opportunities they recognise to intervene to address health inequalities.Materials and methodsA qualitative interview study was undertaken in two areas of London with a range of staff working for public services or local voluntary groups who had professional or lived experience of local housing problems. Data were analysed using a conceptual model that articulated how housing may lead to health inequalities.ResultsTwenty individuals were interviewed, comprising fifteen staff employed by two London Councils and five individuals working in the voluntary sector helping people with housing problems. All participants recognised the importance of structural inequalities in determining access to appropriate quality housing and in influencing the health effects of housing. Overcrowding emerged as a prominent theme, exemplifying the interrelated nature of housing problems. Participants actively considered how the role of public services could alleviate or exacerbate health inequalities. Interventions were often focused specifically on housing and were limited by participants' partial views of the housing-health landscape.DiscussionA comprehensive framing of housing as a determinant of health inequities was a relevant lens to conceptualise the relationship between housing and health in London. Integration of policies, services and information is needed to design and implement holistic interventions to address inequalities associated with housing. Future conceptual models to understand the interrelationship between place, housing and health may benefit from explicit consideration of the role of public services.
Impact of the “carbon trade—carbon tax” policy package on China’s macroeconomics and carbon emission reduction
Authors: Fei Yanying , Jia Cao 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionBy constructing a computable general equilibrium model of "carbon trading" and "carbon trade-carbon tax", this study aims to deeply explore the combined impact of these two policies on China's economic development and carbon emission reduction, so as to provide scientific decision support for policy makers.MethodsIn order to accurately simulate the economic effects of carbon trading policies, the carbon trading module was introduced in detail in the "carbon trading" model, and the carbon trading cost was incorporated into the elastic substitution function production module. At the same time, in order to comprehensively evaluate the effect of the combination policy of "carbon trade-carbon tax", the cost of carbon tax is included in the constant elastic substitution function of production in the model.Results and DiscussionThrough in-depth data analysis and model calculation, it is found that although a single carbon trading policy can effectively promote the reduction of carbon emissions, its impact on the economy is relatively moderate, especially in promoting the technological upgrading of the power industry. The "carbon trade-carbon tax" combination policy has further strengthened the emission reduction action, in a number of industrial sectors, such as coal, power, heavy industry and light industry, by significantly increasing the cost of carbon emissions to promote emission reduction. The above results show that carbon tax policies play an important role in balancing carbon emission reduction and economic development. Compared with the single carbon trading policy, the introduction of carbon tax makes the emission reduction efforts of various departments more comprehensive, and also contributes to the stable development of the economy.
Community voices from modern maternal waiting home users in Zambia
Authors: Mwansa Melvin Kunda , Chimpinde Kafiswe , Naidoo Mergan 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to understand community voices on factors influencing utilisation of MMWHs in Zambia.MethodsThe study employed a mixed method study design in four selected health facilities across Zambia districts between January 2021 and December 2022. Purposeful sampling was used to select study participants using MMWH registers as the sampling frame for mothers who had utilised MMWHs and their spouses. Sampling of participants through face-to-face, in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) was conducted to saturation in all targeted health facilities Data was transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.ResultsResults found that the comfortable state of the MMWHs, long distances to health facilities, fear of maternal complications, availability and positive attitudes of specialized health personnel, and the information on childcare provided were major factors. Spouses supported their partners using MMWHs due to the quality of care and the availability of modern equipment and furniture. However, some spouses indicated that utilisation of MMWHs has a bearing on a household's financial resources.ConclusionMMWHs are a pivotal intervention in improving maternal outcomes. All health facilities had no maternal and newborn complications or deaths over the study period.
Bioinformatics analysis of ERCC family in pan-cancer and ERCC2 in bladder cancer
Authors: Zhang Siyang , Guan Zhenghui , Xia Qiangqiang , Shen Chong , Hu Hailong , Wang Jiangping 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA repair genes can impair protein function and hinder DNA repair, leading to genetic instability and increased cancer risk. The Excision Repair Cross-Complementation (ERCC) family plays a crucial role in nucleotide excision repair, yet their comprehensive multi-omics characterization and roles in tumor prognosis and immune microenvironment remain unexplored.Methods and materialsWe performed bioinformatics analysis using publicly available data from 33 cancer types to investigate associations between ERCC gene expression, patient prognosis, and clinical features. We also validated the role of ERCC2 in bladder cancer through in vitro assays, including CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays.ResultsBy utilizing the most recent database, we have conducted an analysis that reveals associations between variations in ERCC expression across multiple cancer types and both patient prognosis and the tumor microenvironment. To ensure the reliability of our findings, we applied the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure to adjust for multiple testing. After correction, we identified that ERCC expression levels remained significantly correlated with patient prognosis in various cancer types (p &lt; 0.05). In addition, according to the results of drug sensitivity studies of anticancer drugs, there is a large correlation between ERCC expression and the sensitivity of different anticancer drugs. Finally, in vitro cell behavioral assays determined that knockdown of ERCC2 gene expression significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells.ConclusionThrough in-depth exploration of ERCC differential expression and its correlation with immune-related indicators, the unique microenvironment of tumors, and patient prognosis, we verified the potential role of ERCC2 in the process of bladder cancer genesis and progression. Therefore, we believe that the ERCC family of genes is expected to be a new option for cancer treatment and deserves to be further explored in the future.
Genomic insights into pediatric intestinal inflammatory and eosinophilic disorders using single-cell RNA-sequencing
Authors: Keever-Keigher Marissa R. , Harvey Lisa , Williams Veronica , Vyhlidal Carrie A. , Ahmed Atif A. , Johnston Jeffery J. , Louiselle Daniel A. , Grundberg Elin , Pastinen Tomi , Friesen Craig A. , Chevalier Rachel , Smail Craig , Shakhnovich Valentina 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionChronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tissues underlies gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders, leading to tissue damage and a constellation of painful and debilitating symptoms. These disorders include inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis), and eosinophilic disorders (eosinophilic esophagitis and eosinophilic duodenitis). Gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders can often present with overlapping symptoms necessitating the use of invasive procedures to give an accurate diagnosis.MethodsThis study used peripheral blood mononuclear cells from individuals with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and eosinophilic duodenitis to better understand the alterations to the transcriptome of individuals with these diseases and identify potential markers of active inflammation within the peripheral blood of patients that may be useful in diagnosis. Single-cell RNA-sequencing was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from the blood samples of pediatric patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal disorders, including Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, eosinophilic duodenitis, and controls with histologically healthy gastrointestinal tracts.ResultsWe identified 730 (FDR &lt; 0.05) differentially expressed genes between individuals with gastrointestinal disorders and controls across eight immune cell types.DiscussionThere were common patterns among GI disorders, such as the widespread upregulation of MTRNR2L8 across cell types, and many differentially expressed genes showed distinct patterns of dysregulation among the different gastrointestinal diseases compared to controls, including upregulation of XIST across cell types among individuals with ulcerative colitis and upregulation of Th2-associated genes in eosinophilic disorders. These findings indicate both overlapping and distinct alterations to the transcriptome of individuals with gastrointestinal disorders compared to controls, which provide insight as to which genes may be useful as markers for disease in the peripheral blood of patients.
Water mass characteristics and hydrodynamics at an inshore versus an offshore mid-Norwegian cold-water coral reef habitat
Authors: Büscher Janina Vanessa , Juva Katriina , Flögel Sascha , Wisshak Max , Rüggeberg Andres , Riebesell Ulf , Form Armin Uwe 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCold-water coral reefs form complex benthic habitats, supporting thousands of species. The broadscale environmental tolerances of reef-forming species such as Lophelia pertusa are well studied, but small-scale differences between different reef settings have received little attention so far. The controlling factors of thriving cold-water coral reefs and how these habitats differ in terms of framework extent, coral colony morphology, and associated fauna could reveal how these benthic ecosystems form and expand. Information on the natural range of environmental fluctuations could provide a better understanding of the resilience of such ecosystems towards environmental changes. Our study aimed to elaborate small-scale forces on local hydrodynamics and oceanographic parameters at two geographically close but contrasting reef sites in mid-Norway.MethodsWe investigated natural fluctuations and the seasonal variability of environmental conditions of an inshore and an offshore Lophelia-dominated reef over an annual cycle by time series monitoring of physical properties by benthic landers and water sampling for biogeochemical variables using CTD casts.Results and discussionThe flow fields at the extensive reef on the offshore Sula Ridge and a bank reef at Nord-Leksa in a fjord-system differed regarding both short-term and seasonal levels. The inshore flow field was strong and tidally driven, whereas the offshore flow field was slower with large seasonal variability. The local flow regimes and the seasonal atmospheric forcing could explain the observed seasonality of the hydrographic variables and the observed inter-annual variability in biogeochemical variables. Comparison with a flow model showed that the natural short-term and seasonal variability are driven by small-scale forcing that is not represented in model analyses. These results suggest that local hydrodynamics together with sea-floor topography control the reef extent and the morphology of cold-water coral colonies.