bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal trends, sampling plans and parasitoid complex of the Chinese wax scale, Ceroplastes sinensis Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Coccidae), in Mediterranean citrus groves
Authors: Martínez-Ferrer M.T. , Campos-Rivela J.M. , Verdú M.J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSeasonal trends and the parasitoid complex of Chinese wax scale (Ceroplastes sinensis) was studied from July 2010 to February 2013. Six commercial citrus groves located in northeastern Spain were sampled fortnightly. Chinese wax scale completed a single annual generation. Egg oviposition started in May and continued until mid-July. Egg hatching began in mid-June, and in the first quarter of August, the maximum percentage of hatched eggs was reached. In the same groves, the parasitoid species of C. sinensis were determined together with their seasonal trends, relative abundance and occurrence on C. sinensis. Four hymenoptera were found parasitizing C. sinensis, mainly on third instars and females: Coccophagus ceroplastae (Aphelinidae), Metaphycus helvolus (Encyrtidae), Scutellista caerulea (Pteromalidae) and Aprostocetus ceroplastae (Eulophidae). The most abundant species was A. ceroplastae, corresponding to 54% of the parasitoids emerged. Coccophagus ceroplastae and M. helvolus represented 19%, whereas S. caerulea comprised 8% of the total. This study is the first published record of C. ceroplastae in Spain and the first record of M. helvolus on C. sinensis in Spain. Concerning the economical thresholds normally used, sampling plans developed for the management of C. sinensis in citrus groves should target population densities of around 12–20% of invaded twigs, equivalent to 0.2–0.5 females per twig. The sample size necessary to achieve the desired integrated pest management precision is 90–160 twigs per grove for the enumerative plan and about 160–245 twigs per grove for the binomial plan.
To leave or not to leave: retirement intentions and retirement behaviour
Authors: SOLEM PER ERIK , SYSE ASTRI , FURUNES TRUDE , MYKLETUN REIDAR J. , DE LANGE ANNET , SCHAUFELI WILMAR , ILMARINEN JUHANI 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTResearch on the correspondence between retirement intentions and subsequent behaviour is scarce. We aimed to explore possible associations between retirement intentions and behaviour, using five-year high-quality quantitative panel data on Norwegian senior workers. Retirement intentions operate at different levels of firmness: (a) considerations; (b) preferences; and (c) decisions. Compared to work continuation considerations, a targeted age for retirement improved predictive power whether the target was preferred or decided, and particularly so if the target (i.e.the preferred or decided age of retirement), corresponded with a normative retirement age. Because more workers are able to state a preferred age of retiring than a decision about when to retire, preferences may be better proxies for retirement behaviour than decisions, when the issue is planning for policies. The correspondence between intentions and behaviour varies primarily by health, education and type of work. Older workers with poor health, and workers with low education, often retire earlier than they prefer. Blue-collar workers often retire earlier than they had decided. These findings illustrate the possible effect of labour market resources, not only for senior workers' labour market participation, but also for their opportunities to work up to the age they prefer or had decided. Even for white-collar workers and those in good health, constraints seem to apply when they wish to retire late.
Balamuthia mandrillaris therapeutic mud bath in Jamaica
Authors: TODD C. D. , REYES-BATLLE M. , PIÑERO J. E. , MARTÍNEZ-CARRETERO E. , VALLADARES B. , LINDO J. F. , LORENZO-MORALES J. 
Published: October 2014

SUMMARYBalamuthia mandrillaris is an emerging cause of encephalitis in humans. The transmission dynamics are poorly understood due to the high fatality rate and the sporadic nature of cases. Seventy-two soil samples were collected from beaches and the banks of lagoons, rivers, ponds, mineral springs and streams from across Jamaica and assayed for the presence of B. mandrillaris. Seventy-nine sites were sampled and the mitochondrial 16S rDNA gene of B. mandrillaris was amplified and sequenced to confirm the presence of the amoeba. One isolate of B. mandrillaris was recovered from soil from mineral spring which hosts an informal therapeutic mud bath business. Although B. mandrillaris is less frequently isolated from soil than other free-living amoebae, rubbing mud containing the organism onto the skin increases the likelihood of exposure and infection. This first report on the isolation of B. mandrillaris in the Caribbean and its presence in soil where human contact is likely warrants further investigation using serological methods to elucidate exposure patterns.
Infantile cardiac vascular tumour: from prenatal diagnosis to postnatal treatment
Authors: Lin Ting-Wei , Wang Jieh-Neng , Kan Chung-Dann 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPrimary vascular tumour of the heart is rare, especially in neonates and infants. We report a male premature newborn with a right atrial tumour associated with a large amount of pericardial effusion detected by screening foetal echography. Diagnosis of capillary haemangioma was confirmed by histopathological examination after complete surgical resection. Other vascular tumours in the neonates and infants reported in the English literatures are reviewed, and one algorithm for both prenatal and postnatal management is proposed.
Where is the money? Post-disaster foreign aid flows
Authors: Becerra Oscar , Cavallo Eduardo , Noy Ilan 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper describes the flows of aid after large catastrophic natural disasters by using the extensive record of bilateral aid flows, by aid sector, available through the OECD's Development Assistance Committee. For each large donor, the extent of cross-sector reallocation is identified that is occurring in the aftermath of large disasters whereby humanitarian aid increases but other types of aid may decrease. The evidence in this paper suggests that the expectation of large surges in post-disaster aid flows is not warranted given the past diversity of experience of global foreign post-disaster aid by donor and by event. No evidence is found, however, that donors reallocate aid between recipient countries (cross-recipient reallocation). These observations suggest that countries which are predicted to face increasing losses from natural disasters in the coming decades (and almost all are) should be devoting significant resources to prevention, insurance and mitigation, rather than expecting significant post-disaster aid inflows.
Organizational characteristics and processes are important in the adoption of the Alberta Nutrition Guidelines for Children and Youth in child-care centres
Authors: Farmer Anna P , Nikolopoulos Hara , McCargar Linda , Berry Tanya , Mager Diana 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to gain an understanding of the organizational characteristics and processes in two child-care centres that may influence adoption of the Alberta Nutrition Guidelines for Children and Youth (ANGCY).DesignIn-depth qualitative case studies. Data were collected through direct observations, key informant interviews and field notes. Diffusion of Innovations theory guided the evaluation and intrinsic case analysis.SettingTwo urban child-care centres in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada identified as exemplary early adopter cases.SubjectsTen key informants comprised of directors, junior and senior staff members participated in interviews.ResultsOrganizational processes such as leadership, networking and knowledge brokering, health champions and organizational culture positively influenced adoption behaviour in child-care centres. A key determinant influencing organizational behaviour within both centres was the directors’ strong leadership. Acceptance of and adherence to the guidelines were facilitated by organizational factors, such as degree of centralization, formalization and complexity, level of staff training and education. Knowledge brokering by directors was important for transferring and exchanging information across the centre. All child-care staff embraced their informal role as health champions as essential to supporting guideline adherence and encouraging healthy food and eating environments.ConclusionsOrganizational processes and characteristics such as leadership, knowledge brokering and networking, organizational culture and health champions played an important role in the adoption of nutrition guidelines in child-care centres. The complex interplay of decision making, organization of work and specialization of roles influenced the extent to which nutrition guidelines were adopted.
Acceptability of delivery of dietary advice in the dentistry setting to address obesity in pre-school children: a case study of the Common Risk Factor Approach
Authors: Henderson Emily J 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe Common Risk Factor Approach proposes that public health efforts can be improved by multiple agencies working together on a shared risk factor. The present study aimed to assess the acceptability to parents, dental practice staff and commissioners of the delivery of dietary advice in the dentistry setting in order to address obesity.DesignSemi-structured focus groups with dental practice staff and one-to-one interviews with parents of pre-school children and public health commissioners involved in an oral health promotion initiative delivering dietary advice in dental surgeries. Data were analysed using the Framework Approach.SettingGeneral dental practice surgeries and pre-schools in areas of high deprivation in north-east England.SubjectsParents (n 4), dental practice staff (n 23) and one commissioner.ResultsAll participants found acceptable the concept of delivering public health messages in non-conventional settings. Dental practice staff were concerned about the potential for conflicting messages and deprioritisation of oral health advice, and they identified practical barriers to delivery, such as lack of training. Parents were very apprehensive about the potential of such approaches to stigmatise overweight children, including bullying. Uncertainty over the causes of obesity led to confusion about its solutions and the roles of public health and health care.ConclusionsMajor concerns about the implementation of the Common Risk Factor Approach were raised by parents and dental practice staff. Specific dietary guidance for both oral health and healthy weight, as well as further research into issues of suitability, feasibility and stigmatisation, are needed.
Multimedia psychoeducational interventions to support patient self-care in degenerative conditions: A realist review
Authors: O'Halloran Peter , Scott David , Reid Joanne , Porter Sam 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjective:Multimedia interventions are increasingly used to deliver information in order to promote self-care among patients with degenerative conditions. We carried out a realist review of the literature to investigate how the characteristics of multimedia psychoeducational interventions combine with the contexts in which they are introduced to help or hinder their effectiveness in supporting self-care for patients with degenerative conditions.Method:Electronic databases (Medline, Science Direct, PSYCHinfo, EBSCO, and Embase) were searched in order to identify papers containing information on multimedia psychoeducational interventions. Using a realist review approach, we reviewed all relevant studies to identify theories that explained how the interventions work.Results:Ten papers were included in the review. All interventions sought to promote self-care behaviors among participants. We examined the development and content of the multimedia interventions and the impact of patient motivation and of the organizational context of implementation. We judged seven studies to be methodologically weak. All completed studies showed small effects in favor of the intervention.Significance of Results:Multimedia interventions may provide high-quality information in an accessible format, with the potential to promote self-care among patients with degenerative conditions, if the patient perceives the information as important and develops confidence about self-care. The evidence base is weak, so that research is needed to investigate effective modes of delivery at different resource levels. We recommend that developers consider how an intervention will reduce uncertainty and increase confidence in self-care, as well as the impact of the context in which it will be employed.
Increased N-glycosylation of Asn88 in serum pancreatic ribonuclease 1 is a novel diagnostic marker for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Nakata Daisuke 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAlterations of carbohydrate structures in cancer cells are the most promising targets for developing clinical diagnostic reagents. Pancreatic cancer is one of the most difficult cancers to diagnose because it lacks definitive symptoms. Two antibodies were raised against human pancreatic ribonuclease 1 that bind to the enzyme containing unglycosylated Asn88, but not when its Asn88isN-glycosylated. Differential studies using these antibodies in immunoassays and Western blot analyses showed a significant increase in the serum levels of pancreatic ribonuclease 1 containingN-glycosylated Asn88in pancreatic cancer patients compared with normal human subjects. Focusing on the increase in anN-glycosylated Asn residue of serum pancreatic ribonuclease 1, specifically Asn88, affords a new diagnostic marker for pancreatic cancer. This is the first report of a diagnostic cancer marker that takes advantage of the presence or absence ofN-glycosylation at a specific Asn residue of a glycoprotein.
Disruption of integrin–fibronectin complexes by allosteric but not ligand-mimetic inhibitors
Authors: Mould A. Paul , Craig Susan E. , Byron Sarah K. , Humphries Martin J. , Jowitt Thomas A. 
Published: October 2014

Failure of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-based inhibitors to reverse integrin-ligand binding has been reported, but the prevalence of this phenomenon among integrin heterodimers is currently unknown. In the present study we have investigated the interaction of four different RGD-binding integrins (α5β1, αVβ1, αVβ3 and αVβ6) with fibronectin (FN) using surface plasmon resonance. The ability of inhibitors to reverse ligand binding was assessed by their capacity to increase the dissociation rate of pre-formed integrin–FN complexes. For all four receptors we showed that RGD-based inhibitors (such as cilengitide) were completely unable to increase the dissociation rate. Formation of the non-reversible state occurred very rapidly and did not rely on the time-dependent formation of a high-affinity state of the integrin, or the integrin leg regions. In contrast with RGD-based inhibitors, Ca2+ (but not Mg2+) was able to greatly increase the dissociation rate of integrin–FN complexes, with a half-maximal response at ~0.4 mM Ca2+ for αVβ3–FN. The effect of Ca2+ was overcome by co-addition of Mn2+, but not Mg2+. A stimulatory anti-β1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) abrogated the effect of Ca2+ on α5β1–FN complexes; conversely, a function-blocking mAb mimicked the effect of Ca2+. These results imply that Ca2+ acts allosterically, probably through binding to the adjacent metal-ion-dependent adhesion site (ADMIDAS), and that the α1 helix in the β subunit I domain is the key element affected by allosteric modulators. The data suggest an explanation for the limited clinical efficacy of RGD-based integrin antagonists, and we propose that allosteric antagonists could prove to be of greater therapeutic benefit.
Silver nanoparticles prepared by using poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulphonic acid) as a surfactant
Authors: Li Yanbo , Li Zhihua , Zheng Feng , Laven Jozua 
Published: October 2014

Silver nanoparticles were synthesised successfully using poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulphonic acid) (PAMPS) as a surfactant. Silver nanoparticles prepared through this approach possess high purity and narrow size distribution. The size distribution result shows that the diameters ranging from 78.82 to 105.709 nm can account for 76.41% of nanoparticles. UV–vis spectra were used to record the formation of silver nanoparticles in detail. It is found that PAMPS can play an important role in the formation and the colloidal stabilisation of silver nanoparticles because of the high affinity of sulphonic and amide with silver ions. The formation is summarised in detail. In addition, a potential application in nanocomposites of this method is explored. The Ag/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite prepared using this method shows higher electrical conductivity than that prepared using other methods. This method is novel, convenient, efficient and environmental‐friendly, especially suiting those wastewaters treatment facilities containing silver ions. At the same time, it is also promising to prepare Ag/PANI or other metals/polymer composites via in‐situ polymerisation.
Form of an evolutionary tradeoff affects eco-evolutionary dynamics in a predator–prey system
Authors: Kasada Minoru , Yamamichi Masato , Yoshida Takehito 
Published: October 2014

SignificanceRapid evolution on an ecological time scale has been increasingly recognized. Ecological and evolutionary dynamics can be tightly linked and important to predict future dynamics, but there is a significant gap between theoretical predictions and empirical tests, especially on the effects of the nature of genetic variation such as the form of a fitness tradeoff. Using a predator–prey experimental system, we show for the first time to our knowledge that different forms of a fitness tradeoff produce remarkably divergent eco-evolutionary dynamics. A mathematical model supports the observed dynamics. Our results suggest that without knowing the details of genetic variation that is usually variable among wild populations, it is difficult to understand how evolution and ecology interact and what form of eco-evolutionary dynamics results.
Simple, rapid and accurate genotyping-by-sequencing from aligned whole genomes with ArrayMaker
Authors: Willet Cali E. , Haase Bianca , Charleston Michael A. , Wade Claire M. 
Published: October 2014

Summary: Whole-genome sequencing has revolutionized the study of genetics. Genotyping-by-sequencing is now a viable method of genotyping, yet the bioinformatics involved can be daunting if not prohibitive for some laboratories. Here we present ArrayMaker, a user-friendly tool that extracts accurate single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes at pre-defined loci from whole-genome alignments and presents them in a standard genotyping format compatible with association analysis software and datasets genotyped on commercial array platforms. Using this tool, geneticists with only basic computing ability can genotype samples at any desired list of markers, facilitating genome-wide association analysis, fine mapping, candidate variant assessment, data sharing and compatibility of data sourced from multiple technologies.
Availability and implementation: ArrayMaker is licensed under The MIT License and can be freely obtained at https://github.com/cw2014/ArrayMaker/. The program is implemented in Perl and runs on Linux operating systems.
Supplementary information: Supplementary Data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Contact: cali.willet@sydney.edu.au
LIGSIFT: an open-source tool for ligand structural alignment and virtual screening
Authors: Roy Ambrish , Skolnick Jeffrey 
Published: October 2014

Motivation: Shape-based alignment of small molecules is a widely used approach in computer-aided drug discovery. Most shape-based ligand structure alignment applications, both commercial and freely available ones, use the Tanimoto coefficient or similar functions for evaluating molecular similarity. Major drawbacks of using such functions are the size dependence of the score and the fact that the statistical significance of the molecular match using such metrics is not reported.
Results: We describe a new open-source ligand structure alignment and virtual screening (VS) algorithm, LIGSIFT, that uses Gaussian molecular shape overlay for fast small molecule alignment and a size-independent scoring function for efficient VS based on the statistical significance of the score. LIGSIFT was tested against the compounds for 40 protein targets available in the Directory of Useful Decoys and the performance was evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (AUC), the Enrichment Factor (EF) and Hit Rate (HR). LIGSIFT-based VS shows an average AUC of 0.79, average EF values of 20.8 and a HR of 59% in the top 1% of the screened library.
Availability and implementation: LIGSIFT software, including the source code, is freely available to academic users at http://cssb.biology.gatech.edu/LIGSIFT.
Supplementary information: Supplementary Data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Contact: skolnick@gatech.edu
Axial Plane Deformity of the Shoulder in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Menon Venugopal K. , Tahasildar Naveen , Pillay Haroon M. , M. Anbuselvam 
Published: October 2014

Study Design:
Prospective observational study.

Objective:
To study axial plane deformation of the shoulder in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and try to correlate it with curve type and surgical correction.

Summary of Background Data:
It is established that AIS is a 3-dimensional deformity. The rib hump is the most common manifestation of axial plane deformations; the least common manifestation seems to be upper trunk and shoulder rotation, which has been hitherto undescribed.

Methods:
Fourteen consecutive, operated cases of AIS were analyzed prospectively. Preoperative and postoperative x-rays of the spine and clinical photographs were studied. Clinical photographs (top view) were taken with patients in the sitting position, to show shoulder level in relation to the axis of the head and pelvis. Chest computed tomography scans were also studied to determine the direction of apical vertebra and trunk torsion.

Results:
All 14 patients in this series had their right shoulders anteriorly rotated preoperatively (anticlockwise). The direction of rotation seemed unrelated to the curve type and shoulder elevation, although most had rib humps on the right. This shoulder rotation was corrected postoperatively by routine maneuvers done for scoliosis correction. Minor residual rotation was seen in 6 patients who also had minimal persisting rib hump. In 1 case the axial plane rotation worsened, although the shoulder level and trunk symmetry improved significantly. The apical vertebral rotation on computed tomography had little bearing on the direction of shoulder rotation.

Conclusions:
Axial plane rotation of the shoulder is a hitherto un-described dimension of AIS deformity complex. Much of it corrects spontaneously with correction of the thoracic spinal deformity.