bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A longitudinal study of child and adolescent psychopathology in conditions of the war in Ukraine
Authors: Skrypnyk T. , Martsenkovsky I. , Martsenkovska I. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAccording to UNICEF, 2 million children have left the country since the beginning of the war. 2.5 million Ukrainian children are internally displaced persons. Minors often become victims or witnesses of violence.The events of 2022-2023 are the largest military conflict in the world since World War II. The impact on the mental health of the population is characterized by the variety and mass of traumatizing factors.Mental trauma causes PTSD, depressive disorders (DD), anxiety disorders (AD), behavioral disorders (CD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of PTSD and its comorbidities at different stages of experiencing a traumatic experience.Methods785 teen`s displaced from the zone of military operations, occupied territories were surveyed. Examinations included: K-SADS-PL, PSC-17, SCARED, CATS. 260 teen`s were examined during - 6, 400 – 6–12 months after traumatization.ResultsAfter 6 months of trauma, PTSD was diagnosed in 9.8%, ADHD – 10.2%, DD-22.3%, AD-30.8%, CD – 15.4%, 28.8%; examined 6 to 12 months after the injury, respectively: 21.9%, 12.6, 33.3%, 11.5%, 18.0%.ConclusionsIn war-affected children, PTSD is a risk factor for the subsequent development of comorbid depression, anxiety, conduct disorders, and ADHD. Female sex, secondary traumatization after displacement increase the risk of developing depression, signs of pervasive development and ADHD - the risk of destructive and self-injurious behavior. The prevalence of PTSD, DD, ADHD increases within 6-12 months after the trauma, the sensitivity of children with PTSD to secondary traumatic events increases.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
An Umbrella Review of Effectiveness of Intravenous Ketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression
Authors: Klassen A. M. , Baten C. , Shepherd J. H. , Zamora G. , Johnson-Venegas E. , Madugula S. S. , Woo E. , Miller J. A. , Sacchet M. D. , Hedges D. W. , Miller C. H. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a tremendous global disease burden and the leading cause of disability worldwide. Unfortunately, individuals diagnosed with MDD typically experience a delayed response to traditional antidepressants and many do not adequately respond to pharmacotherapy, even after multiple trials. The critical need for novel antidepressant treatments has led to a recent resurgence in the clinical application of psychedelics, and intravenous ketamine, which has been investigated as a rapid-acting treatment for treatment resistant depression (TRD) as well acute suicidal ideation and behavior. However, variations in the type and quality of experimental design as well as a range of treatment outcomes in clinical trials of ketamine make interpretation of this large body of literature challenging.ObjectivesThis umbrella review aims to advance our understanding of the effectiveness of intravenous ketamine as a pharmacotherapy for TRD by providing a systematic, quantitative, large-scale synthesis of the empirical literature.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive PubMed search for peer-reviewed meta-analyses of primary studies of intravenous ketamine used in the treatment of TRD. Meta-analysis and primary studies were then screened by two independent coding teams according to pre-established inclusion criteria as well as PRISMA and METRICS guidelines. We then employed metaumbrella, a statistical package developed in R, to perform effect size calculations and conversions as well as statistical tests.ResultsIn a large-scale analysis of 1,182 participants across 51 primary studies, repeated-dose administration of intravenous ketamine demonstrated statistically significant effects (p<0.05) compared to placebo-controlled as well as other experimental conditions in patients with TRD, as measured by standardized clinician-administered and self-report depression symptom severity scales.ConclusionsThis study provides large-scale, quantitative support for the effectiveness of intravenous, repeated-dose ketamine as a therapy for TRD and a report of the relative effectiveness of several treatment parameters across a large and rapidly growing literature. Future investigations should use similar analytic tools to examine evidence-stratified conditions and the comparative effectiveness of other routes of administration and treatment schedules as well as the moderating influence of other clinical and demographic variables on the effectiveness of ketamine on TRD and suicidal ideation and behavior.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Evaluation of Psychiatric High and Intensive Care (EPHIC-study): monitoring innovative care from a value-based approach
Authors: Demunter H. , Jossa H. , Vandenhout K. , Claes S. , Bruffaerts R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSystematic monitoring and evaluation of innovative healthcare programs are essential to develop sustainable solutions to health needs in the population (Porter & Teisberg, 2006). Development of Psychiatric High and Intensive Care Units (HIC’s) in Belgium, following the Dutch Model (van Mierlo et al., 2013), is an innovative model for patients with acute and severe psychiatric illness, resulting in potential danger. HIC aims to provide intensive, need-adapted care with interventions that reduce (perceived) coercion, focusing on participative processes and continuity of care.Objectives(1) What are the clinical characteristics of admitted patients? (2) How does clinical symptomatology evolve during admission? (3) How do patients, relatives and caregivers experience the process of care and recovery? (4) What is the role of HIC’s in the reformed mental health care?MethodsThis is an explorative, hypothesis-generating study, using a mixed-method approach, consisting of qualitative and quantitative methods against a value-based framework. Data collection lasted 18 months in the first 9 HIC’s in Belgium. Results are based on validated questionnaires completed by adult patients and their HIC caregivers at admission and discharge (N=472).ResultsWe provide the first, preliminary results. Suicidality, psychotic and substance-related symptoms are the most important primary symptoms. Almost 70% have 2 or more symptoms, with psychiatric comorbidity of 50%. Substance-related- and psychotic disorders are the two most common diagnoses, followed by personality disorder cluster B and depressive disorder. 83% have been in residential care in the past, of whom 87% twice or more. The median age is 36 years, but the median age of onset of mental disorders is 21 years, which equals to 15 years in mental disorder progress and comorbidity development. Over 50% meet the criteria for Severe Mental Illness and 56% are involuntary admitted. There is a high degree of unmet needs: no outpatient care is provided for one out of five prior to admission and there is a low follow-up by mobile teams prior to and after admission (around 12% each). We found significant improvements after an average stay of 22 days for aggression, suicidality and crisis (respectively decrease of 68%, 25% and 9%); readiness to change and motivation for treatment (respectively increase of 5% and 14%) The Client Satisfaction Questionnaire scores range from 1 to 4, with an average score 3.15 out of 4.ConclusionsBased on these preliminary results we can conclude that aggression, suicidality, crisis, readiness to change and motivation for treatment all improve significantly after a short stay of 3 weeks. Despite a vulnerable, severely distressed population, patients are generally satisfied with received care. There is a high degree of unmet needs: insufficient provided outpatient care and low follow up by mobile teams.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Opioid Use Disorder in Three Samples of the Lebanese Population: Correlation with Clinical and Genetic Factors
Authors: Chamoun K. , Hajj Moussa Lteif F. , Salameh P. , Sacre H. , Haddad R. , Rabbaa L. , Megarbane B. , Hajj A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionOpioid Use Disorder (OUD) is a severe and recurrent condition that contributes to a global prevalence of disabilities. Accumulating evidence suggests a potential convergence of clinical and genetic factors underlying OUD.ObjectivesThis study explores the clinical and genetic factors associated with OUD in the Lebanese population.MethodsA cross-sectional study in the Lebanese population included three different groups of participants stratified according to the cut-off of the revised Opioid Risk Tool (ORT-OUD): (1) Low-risk group for OUD (n=513; general population; ORT-OUD score <2.5); (2) High-risk group for OUD (n=87; general population; ORT-OUD score ≥3); (3) a third group consisting of patients clinically diagnosed with OUD according to the DSM-5 (n=46). The survey included sociodemographic information and used validated scales to assess other substance use disorders, sleep disturbances, depression, and anxiety. Genotyping for the COMT, MTHFR, and CRY2 genes was conducted for 91 patients using a real-time PCR (Roche®). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the associations between OUD risk and sociodemographic, clinical, and genetic factors.ResultsThis study enrolled 646 participants. Multivariate analysis showed significant associations between risk of developing an OUD and cigarette smoking (B=0.583), worse insomnia scores (B=0.074) and Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test-alcohol (B=0.053) scores, male gender (B=13.351), lack of education (B=4.159), unemployment (B=7.235), low income (B=11.285), lack of healthcare coverage (B=4.190), neuropsychiatric disorders (B=7.966). Conversely, OUD risk was negatively correlated with the morning chronotype (B=-0.372). Bivariate analysis showed that the CRY2 AA genotype was significantly associated with a higher risk of OUD; nevertheless, none of the genetic factors remained significant in the multivariable model.ConclusionsThis study identified several sociodemographic, clinical, and genetic factors that could potentially increase the risk of developing OUD in the Lebanese population. Further research is needed to clarify risk factors and underlying mechanisms, enabling the development of more effective prevention strategies.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Extent of substance abuse among patients with psychiatric disorders in Amman, Jordan
Authors: Abbasi L. N. , Daradkeh T. K. , ElWasify M. , Abassy S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe issue of substance abuse is increasingly being recogniszed as a significant global public health concern. In relation to its influence on the Arab world, scholarly investigation continues to be regarded as relatively constrained in scope.ObjectivesThe primary goal of the present study was to investigate the extent of substance abuse in a sample of patients with psychiatric disorders who attended a psychiatric clinic in Amman and analyse this in relation to demographic and clinical variables.MethodsIn this prospective study, we investigated the prevalence, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics of substance abuse among patients with psychiatric disorders who attended an outpatient private psychiatric clinic in Amman, Jordan between January and May 2023. Overall, 671 patients were enrolled. We compared demographic and clinical parameters of drug abuse and non-drug abuse patients.ResultsAmong the 671 patients included in the study, 48.0% (n=322) reported substance use, while 52.0% (n=349) did not. The mean age of the patients was 32.45±10.18 years. The sample included 546 male patients (81.4%). Among the participants, 388 (57.8%) were single, 360 (53.7%) held a bachelor’s degree or higher, 394 (58.7%) were employed, and 545 (81.2%) lived with their families. 506 (75.4%) were smokers, 110 (16.4%) reported having a medical illness, and 25% reported engaging in self-harm. The most prevalent psychiatric diagnosis was major depressive disorder, accounting for 30.6% of cases, followed by anxiety disorders. Additionally, 148 patients (22.1%) reported emotional abuse, 40 (6.0%) reported physical abuse, 57 (8.8%) reported sexual abuse, and 47 (7.0%) had a family history of substance use.ConclusionsOur research findings indicate that substance abuse is more prevalent among certain demographic groups, specifically young, unemployed, male patients with a low level of education and a family history of substance use. These findings highlight the need for further research in diverse settings and populations to better understand the scope and underlying factors contributing to substance abuse in Arab countries. Additionally, targeted interventions and prevention strategies should be developed to address the specific needs of these high-risk groups and reduce the burden of substance abuse in these communities.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Descriptive study of adolescents hospitalized in the Psychiatric Unit of a hospital in Madrid, Spain
Authors: Del Sol Calderon P. , Izquierdo de la Puente A. , Fernández R. , García Moreno M. , Mallol L. , Palanca I. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAn increase in suicidal behavior among the adolescent population is reflected in the literature and in clinical practice. According to a study of suicidal behavior and mental health by the Spanish ANAR Foundation, the number of cases with suicidal behavior has experienced an accentuated growth in the period 2012-2022 (1,921.3%), highlighting the increase produced in the post-COVID-19 period, between 2020 and 2022 (128%)ObjectivesTo analyze the reasons for admission to the short hospitalization unit. To describe the sociodemographic characteristics of hospitalized adolescents.MethodsDescriptive observational study of the sample of adolescents admitted to the inpatient psychiatric unit of the Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro between January 1, 2023 and June 30, 2023. It is carried out through the information obtained in the clinical history of the patients.ResultsDuring this period of time 113 adolescents were admitted, 80.2% were female. The mean age was 15.16 years. The main reason for admission was autolytic ideation, occurring in 33.3% of the patients. The second most frequent reason for admission was suicide attempt (29.7%) and behavioral disturbance (17.1%) was the third most frequent. Of the methods used in suicide attempts, drug overeating stands out among the methods used in suicide attempts. (75.8%), followed by attempted hanging (12.1%) or cutting (12.1%).Image:ConclusionsThe results corroborate what is reported in the scientific literature, where self-harm and self-injury attempts have increased and are the most frequent reasons for admission. This shows that suicide is a public health problem of the first order, where prevention and early intervention programs are necessary.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Sleep quality mediates the relationship between problematic social media use and attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms
Authors: Paulina L. R. , Csejtei I. , Miklósi M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCommencing in 2019, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic prompted an upsurge in online engagement, drawing attention to the advantages and perils associated with the use of social media. Existing research emphasizes that elevated symptom levels of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are linked not to the extent (time) of usage but to its addictive nature. However, scant research has explored its relationship with sleep quality.ObjectivesIn this study, we scrutinized the correlation between problematic social media usage, sleep quality, and ADHD symptoms in a non-clinical sample of young individuals during the third wave of the pandemic.MethodsWe administered an online survey to 139 participants (mean age: 21.37 years, standard deviation: 2.68 years, range: 15-27). The survey encompassed various assessments, including the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and the self-report version of the SWAN scale (Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behavior). Participants also reported on the extent of their social media use.ResultsSignificant distinctions emerged in the extent of social media usage between online (M=3.12; SD=1.08) and in-person educational settings (M=2.47; SD=0.78) (t(73)=6.01; p<0.001; d=0.70). While ADHD symptom levels exhibited no correlation with the extent of social media engagement, they did exhibit a significant positive correlation with problematic usage (r=0.32; p<0.001). Likewise, the extent of social media usage displayed no correlation with sleep quality; however, problematic usage was linked to poorer sleep quality (r=0.27; p=0.002). In our mediation analysis, problematic usage correlated both directly (c’=-0.61; p=0.02) and indirectly (ab=-0.36; 95% CI: -0.60 - -0.10) with heightened ADHD symptoms through diminished sleep quality (F(1,120)=21.94; p<0.001; R2=0.27).ConclusionsOur findings affirm that it is not the extent but rather the problematic nature of social media usage that assumes significance. Moreover, our results propose that problematic usage may exacerbate ADHD symptoms, not only directly but also by influencing sleep quality.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Clinical suitability of intranasal delivery of M2 macrophage soluble factors in patients with post-COVID olfactory disorders
Authors: Markova E. , Shevela E. , Davydova M. , Meledina I. , Ostanin A. , Kozlov V. , Chernykh E. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSARS-CoV virus showed transneuronal penetration through the olfactory bulb resulting in the rapid intracranial spread. So, olfactory dysfunction is an early marker of COVID-19 infection. However, individuals may develop chronic olfactory impairment for more than six months in 1–10% of cases.ObjectivesThe study’s objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intranasal immunotherapy using bioactive substances produced by M2 macrophages for the treatment of people with long-term post-COVID-19 hyposmia.MethodsSeven individuals with long-term persistent hyposmia (7 to 24 months), associated with PCR-confirmed coronavirus infection were evaluated for olfactory function at baseline, one, and six to twelve months after therapy.ResultsThe intranasal inhalation of M2 macrophage conditioned medium (one time per day for 28-30 days) was well tolerated. Furthermore, olfactometry demonstrated that the patients restored their capacity to perceive (Kruskal-Wallis H test 14.123, p = 0.0009) and recognize odors (H = 11.674, p = 0.0029). In addition, the subjective evaluation of smell significantly improved (H = 11.935, p = 0.0026). At the 6-
to 12-month follow-up, the majority of patients (5/7) reported extremely high levels of satisfaction with the outcomes, and the remaining two patients also felt generally positive about the therapy’s success.ConclusionsOverall, our study showed that the use of intranasal inhalations as a method of delivering bioactive factors and the conditioned medium of M2 macrophages as a therapeutic agent are both safe, well tolerated and, according to preliminary data, clinically effective in the treatment of patients with long-term post-COVID-19 hyposmia.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
COVID-19 Infection and Medicines in Pregnancy in Canada
Authors: Berard A. , Sheehy O. , Kaul P. , Eltonsy S. , Walker M. , Hawken S. , Bernatsky S. , Pugliese M. , Barrett O. , Savu A. , Dragan R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAlthough over 100 million pregnant women worldwide are at risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2, little data exists on the impact of COVID-19 and related treatments on maternal/neonatal health.Objectives1) To quantify the prevalence of medication use in pregnancy to treat COVID-19; 2) To quantify and compare the risk of adverse pregnancy/neonatal outcomes in those with and without COVID-19.MethodsIn the Canadian Mother-Child population-based cohort (CAMCCO), two key sub-cohorts were identified using prospective data collection of medical services, prescription drugs, hospitalization archives data, and COVID-19 surveillance testing program (02/28/2020-2021). The first cohort included all pregnant women with at least one completed trimester of pregnancy during the study period regardless of pregnancy status (delivery, induced/planned or spontaneous abortion); this cohort was further stratified on COVID-19 status. The second cohort included all non-pregnant women (aged 15-45) with a positive COVID-19 test. COVID-19 infection in pregnant or non-pregnant women was assessed using COVID-19 test results or ICD-10CM codeU07.1 from hospital data. COVID-19 severity was categorized based on hospital admission. Women were considered exposed to COVID-19 medications if they filled at least one prescription for a medicine included in the WHO list in the 30 days pre- or 30 days post-COVID-19 positive test/diagnosis. Considering potential confounders, association between COVID-19 during pregnancy, treated vs not, and perinatal outcomes were quantified using log-binomial regression models.Results150,345 pregnant women (3,464 (2.3%) had COVID-19), and 112,073 non-pregnant women with COVID-19 diagnoses were included. Pregnant women with COVID-19 were more likely to have severe infections compared to non-pregnant women with COVID-19 (11.4% vs 1.6%, p< 0.001). The most frequent medications used in pregnancy to treat COVID-19 were antibacterials (13.96%), psychoanaleptics (7.35%), and medicines for obstructive airway disease (3.20%). In pregnancy COVID-19 was associated with spontaneous abortions (adjRR 1.76, 95%CI 1.3, 2.25), gestational diabetes (adjRR 1.52, 95%CI 1.18, 1.97), prematurity (adjRR 1.30, 95%CI 1.01, 1.67), NICU admissions (adjRR 1.32, 95%CI 1.10, 1.59); COVID-19 severity was increasing these risks but COVID-19 treatment with study medications reduced all risks.ConclusionsSeverity of COVID-19 was greater in pregnancy. Antibacterials, psychoanaleptics, and medicines for obstructive airway disease were the most used overall. Severe COVID-19 in pregnancy was associated with higher risks of adverse maternal, and neonatal outcomes.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared