bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional status and dietary intake of children with acute leukaemia during induction or consolidation chemotherapy
Authors: Tan S. Y. , Poh B. K. , Nadrah M. H. , Jannah N. A. , Rahman J. , Ismail M. N. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe assessment of nutritional status among paediatric patients is important for the planning and execution of nutritional strategies that strive to optimise the quality of life and growth among sick children. The present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status and dietary intake among children with acute leukaemia.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 53 paediatric patients aged 3–12 years old, who were diagnosed with either acute lymphoblastic leukaemia or acute myelogenous leukaemia and were undergoing chemotherapy treatments (induction or consolidation phase). Patients were matched for sex, age (±6 months) and ethnicity with healthy children as controls. Weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, mid‐upper arm circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, mid‐upper arm muscle area and fat area were determined. Dietary intake was assessed using 3‐day food records.ResultsAnthropometric variables were generally higher among patients compared to controls, although the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The prevalence of overnutrition among patients according to body mass index‐for‐age, waist circumference‐for‐age, mid‐upper arm circumference‐for‐age and triceps skinfold‐for‐age were 24.5%, 29.1%, 17.0% and 30.2%, respectively. Mean energy [5732 ± 1958 kJ (1370 ± 468 kcal) versus 6945 ± 1970 kJ (1660 ± 471 kcal), P < 0.01], protein (50.0 ± 19.7 g versus 62.3 ± 22.3 g, P < 0.01) and fat (43.6 ± 18.9 g versus 58.3 ± 16.7, P < 0.001) intakes of patients were significantly lower than controls.ConclusionsThe prevalence of being overweight and obesity in children with acute leukaemia was higher despite lower energy intake compared to controls. Studies assessing physical activity, the complex interaction and the effects of treatment drugs are warranted to better manage malnutrition among paediatric patients.
Nutrient intake in adolescent girls and boys diagnosed with coeliac disease at an early age is mostly comparable to their non‐coeliac contemporaries
Authors: Kautto E. , Ivarsson A. , Norström F. , Högberg L. , Carlsson A. , Hörnell A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBackgroundFood habits, nutrient needs and intakes differ between males and females, although few nutritional studies on patients with coeliac disease (CD) have reported results stratified by gender.ObjectivesTo compare energy and nutrient intakes among 13‐year olds diagnosed with CD in early childhood with those of a non‐coeliac (NC) age‐ and gender‐matched control group, and also with estimated average requirements (EAR).MethodsA case–control study was conducted in Sweden 2006–2007 within the coeliac screening study ETICS (Exploring The Iceberg of Coeliacs in Sweden). Dietary intake was assessed among 37 adolescents (23 girls) diagnosed with CD at median age 1.7 years (CD group) and 805 (430 girls) NC controls (NC group) using a food‐frequency questionnaire covering 4 weeks. Reported energy intake was validated by comparison with the calculated physical activity level (PAL).ResultsRegardless of CD status, most adolescents reported an intake above EAR for most nutrients. However, both groups had a low intake of vitamin C, with 13% in the CD‐group and 25% in the NC‐group below EAR, and 21% of boys in the CD‐group below EAR for thiamine. The intake of fatty acids was unbalanced, with a high intake of saturated and a low intake of unsaturated fats. Girls and boys in the CD‐group had an overall lower nutrient density in reported food intake compared to girls and boys in the NC‐group.ConclusionsNutrient intake of adolescent girls and boys with CD was mostly comparable to intakes of NC controls. Dietitians should take the opportunity to reinforce a generally healthy diet when providing information about the gluten‐free diet.
Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Auxin and Cytokinin Regulating Somatic Embryogenesis in Different Sister Lines of Cotton Cultivar CCRI24
Authors: Xu Zhenzhen , Zhang Chaojun , Zhang Xueyan , Liu Chuanliang , Wu Zhixia , Yang Zuoren , Zhou Kehai , Yang Xiaojie , Li Fuguang 
Published: May 2013

AbstractTo get a broader view on the molecular mechanisms underlying somatic embryogenesis (SE) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.), global analysis of cotton transcriptome dynamics during SE in different sister lines was performed using RNA‐Seq. A total of 204 349 unigenes were detected by de novo assembly of the 214 977 462 Illumina reads. The quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) measurements were positively correlated with the RNA‐Seq results for almost all the tested genes (R2 = 0.841, correlation was significant at the 0.01 level). Different phytohormone (auxin and cytokinin) concentration ratios in medium and the endogenous content changes of these two phytohormones at two stages in different sister lines suggested the roles of auxin and cytokinin during cotton SE. On the basis of global gene regulation of phytohormone‐related genes, numerous genes from all the differentially expressed transcripts were involved in auxin and cytokinin biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways. Analyses of differentially expressed genes that were involved in these pathways revealed the substantial changes in gene type and abundance between two sister lines. Isolation, cloning and silencing/overexpressing the genes that revealed remarkable up‐ or down‐expression during cotton SE were important. Furthermore, auxin and cytokinin play a primary role in SE, but potential cross‐talk with each other or other factors remains unclear.
Autosomal recessive Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease: from genes to phenotypes
Authors: Tazir Meriem , Bellatache Mounia , Nouioua Sonia , Vallat Jean‐Michel 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe prevalence of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) disease or hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN) varies in different populations. While in some countries of Western Europe, the United States and Japan the dominant form of HMSN is the most frequent, in other countries such as those of the Mediterranean Basin, the autosomal recessive form (AR‐CMT) is more common. Autosomal recessive CMT cases are generally characterized by earlier onset, usually before the age of 2 or 3  years, and rapid clinical progression that results in severe polyneuropathy and more marked distal limb deformities such as pes equino‐varus, claw‐like hands, and often major spinal deformities. Recent clinical, morphological and molecular investigations of CMT families with autosomal recessive inheritance allowed the identification of many genes such as GDAP1, MTMR2, SBF2, NDRG1, EGR2, SH3TC2, PRX, FGD4, and FIG4, implicated in demyelinating forms (ARCMT1 or CMT4), and LMNA, MED25, HINT1, GDAP1, LRSAM1, NEFL, HSPB1 and MFN2 in axonal forms (ARCMT2). However, many patients remain without genetic diagnosis to date, prompting investigations into ARCMT families in order to help discover new genes and common pathways. This review summarizes recent advances regarding the genotypes and corresponding phenotypes of AR‐CMT.
Evaluation of dermal myelinated nerve fibers in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Peltier Amanda C. , Myers M. Iliza , Artibee Kay J. , Hamilton Audra D. , Yan Qing , Guo Jiasong , Shi Yaping , Wang Lily , Li Jun 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSkin biopsies have primarily been used to study the non‐myelinated nerve fibers of the epidermis in a variety of neuropathies. In this study, we have expanded the skin biopsy technique to glabrous, non‐hairy skin to evaluate myelinated nerve fibers in the most highly prevalent peripheral nerve disease, diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN). Twenty patients with DPN (Type I, n = 9; Type II, n = 11) and 16 age‐matched healthy controls (age 29–73) underwent skin biopsy of the index finger, nerve conduction studies (NCS), and composite neuropathy scoring. In patients with DPN, we found a statistically significant reduction of both mechanoreceptive Meissner corpuscles (MCs) and their afferent myelinated nerve fibers (p = 0.01). This myelinated nerve fiber loss was correlated with the decreased amplitudes of sensory/motor responses in NCS. This study supports the utilization of skin biopsy to quantitatively evaluate axonal loss of myelinated nerve fibers in patients with DPN.
Severe Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease type 1E caused by a novel p.Phe84Leufs*24 PMP22 point mutation
Authors: Vital Anne , Sole Guilhem , Casenave Philippe , Magdelaine Corinne , Ferrer Xavier , Vital Claude , Goizet Cyril 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe report a severe phenotype of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) disease type 1E caused by a novel p.Phe84Leufs*24 PMP22 point mutation. Ultrastructural examination of a nerve biopsy showed non‐ or partly myelinated axons which were surrounded by “onion bulb” formations mainly composed of concentric basement membranes and characterized by the presence of prominent concentric or longitudinal collagen fibrils interspersed with basement membranes. PMP22 point mutations are rare and responsible for polyneuropathies often demyelinating with onion bulb formations composed of concentric and redundant basement membranes. Entrapment of prominent collagen fibrils within onion bulb formations is unusual, even in the large spectrum of CMT disease with long duration and severe damage.
A Qualitative Study of Rural Primary Care Clinician Views on Remote Monitoring Technologies
Authors: Davis Melinda M. , Currey Jillian M. , Howk Sonya , DeSordi Molly R. , Boise Linda , Fagnan Lyle J. , Vuckovic Nancy 
Published: May 2013

AbstractPurposeRemote monitoring technologies (RMTs) may improve the quality of care, reduce access barriers, and help control medical costs. Despite the role of primary care clinicians as potential key users of RMTs, few studies explore their views. This study explores rural primary care clinician interest and the resources necessary to incorporate RMTs into routine practice.MethodsWe conducted 15 in‐depth interviews with rural primary care clinician members of the Oregon Rural Practice‐based Research Network (ORPRN) from November 2011 to April 2012. Our multidisciplinary team used thematic analysis to identify emergent themes and a cross‐case comparative analysis to explore variation by participant and practice characteristics.ResultsClinicians expressed interest in RMTs most relevant to their clinical practice, such as supporting chronic disease management, noting benefits to patients of all ages. They expressed concern about the quantity of data, patient motivation to utilize equipment, and potential changes to the patient‐clinician encounter. Direct data transfer into the clinic's electronic health record (EHR), availability in multiple formats, and review by ancillary staff could facilitate implementation. Although participants acknowledged the potential system‐level benefits of using RMTs, adoption would be difficult without payment reform.ConclusionsAdoption of RMTs by rural primary care clinicians may be influenced by equipment purpose and functionality, implementation resources, and payment. Clinician and staff engagement will be critical to actualize RMT use in routine primary care.
Chronic exposure to the mycotoxin T‐2 promotes oral absorption of chlortetracycline in pigs
Authors: Goossens J. , Devreese M. , Pasmans F. , Osselaere A. , De Baere S. , Verbrugghe E. , Haesebrouck F. , De Backer P. , Croubels S. 
Published: May 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate whether T‐2 toxin, a potent Fusarium mycotoxin, affects the oral absorption of the antibiotic chlortetracycline in pigs. Animals were allocated to blank feed without T‐2 toxin (controls), feed containing 111 μg T‐2/kg feed, T‐2‐contaminated feed supplemented with a yeast‐derived feed additive, or blank feed supplemented solely with the feed additive, respectively. After 21 days, an intragastric bolus of chlortetracycline was given to assess potential alterations in the pharmacokinetics of this commonly used antibiotic. A significantly higher area under the plasma concentration–time curve and maximal plasma concentration of chlortetracycline was observed after intake of T‐2‐contaminated feed compared with control. Thus, exposure to T‐2‐contaminated feed can influence the oral bioavailability of chlortetracycline. This effect could have consequences for the withdrawal time of the drug and the occurrence of undesirable residues in edible tissues.
Oxygen Sensitivity, Potassium Channels, and Regulation of Placental Vascular Tone
Authors: Wareing Mark 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe human fetoplacental vasculature is a low‐resistance circulation with deoxygenated arterial relative to venous blood. The placenta lacks neuronal innervation suggesting that local physical (e.g., oxygenation; flow rate), paracrine (e.g., endothelial cell nitric oxide), and circulating (e.g., angiotensin II) factors will contribute to blood flow regulation in small fetoplacental vessels. Oxygenation (specifically hypoxia) has received particular attention. At the macro‐level, hypoxic challenge increases vascular resistance, but the data's physiological relevance remains questionable. K+ channels are a diverse family of proteins known to play important roles in the normal physiological functions of endothelial and smooth muscle cells of a variety of vascular beds. K+ channels are categorized by their predicted transmembrane structure or gating properties. A small number of perfused placental cotyledon and isolated blood vessels studies have assessed K+ channel activity. Specific activator/inhibitor application suggests functional voltage‐gated channels, whereas toxin inhibitor studies have documented KCa channel activity. Pharmacological KATP channel activation significantly dilates preconstricted placental arteries and veins. There is a paucity of cell subtype‐specific expression studies of placental K+ channels. This review focuses on the roles of K+ channels and oxygenation in controlling reactivity of small fetoplacental blood vessels.
Cutting xylem under tension or supersaturated with gas can generate PLC and the appearance of rapid recovery from embolism
Authors: WHEELER JAMES K. , HUGGETT BRETT A. , TOFTE ALENA N. , ROCKWELL FULTON E. , HOLBROOK N. MICHELE 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe investigated the common assumption that severing stems and petioles under water preserves the hydraulic continuity in the xylem conduits opened by the cut when the xylem is under tension. In red maple and white ash, higher percent loss of conductivity (PLC) in the afternoon occurred when the measurement segment was excised under water at native xylem tensions, but not when xylem tensions were relaxed prior to sample excision. Bench drying vulnerability curves in which measurement samples were excised at native versus relaxed tensions showed a dramatic effect of cutting under tension in red maple, a moderate effect in sugar maple, and no effect in paper birch. We also found that air injection of cut branches (red and sugar maple) at pressures of 0.1 and 1.0 MPa resulted in PLC greater than predicted from vulnerability curves for samples cut 2 min after depressurization, with PLC returning to expected levels for samples cut after 75 min. These results suggest that sampling methods can generate PLC patterns indicative of repair under tension by inducing a degree of embolism that is itself a function of xylem tensions or supersaturation of dissolved gases (air injection) at the moment of sample excision. Implications for assessing vulnerability to cavitation and levels of embolism under field conditions are discussed.
The sex‐linked region in Populus tremuloides Turesson 141 corresponds to a pericentromeric region of about two million base pairs on P. trichocarpa chromosome 19
Authors: Kersten B. , Pakull B. , Groppe K. , Lueneburg J. , Fladung M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn the dioecious genus Populus, sex determination has been located to chromosome 19. However, despite a high degree of genome collinearity, various Populus species seem to differ with regard to the location of the sex‐determining region on the respective chromosome and the apparent heterogametic sex. In this study, the boundaries of the recombination‐suppressed, sex‐linked region of the male P. tremuloides clone Turesson 141 were localised by genetic mapping using new SNP and InDel markers. The respective region seems to be located in a pericentromeric position. The corresponding P. trichocarpa genome region spans about two million bp and comprises 65 gene loci, which were bioinformatically evaluated for their potential as candidate genes for sex determination. Three putative transcription factor genes and four genes that are potentially involved in flower development processes, e.g. meristem transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase, were identified. Populus tremuloides sequence data of the sex‐linked region is required for a final search for candidate genes.
Sperm‐TALP: An Alternative Extender for Retrieving and Diluting Epididymal Sperm in the Domestic Cat
Authors: Buranaamnuay K 
Published: May 2013

ContentsEffects of sperm‐TALP (TALP) on the quality of fresh‐extended and frozen‐thawed epididymal cat sperm were evaluated. The epididymides suspended in Tris–glucose–citrate solution (Tris), a conventional medium, and TALP were cut into small pieces to recover epididymal sperm. In experiment 1, the sperm pellets remained after centrifugation were re‐suspended (1 : 2, v/v) in Tris and TALP. The sperm quality in all four groups, that is, sperm retrieved with Tris (I and II) or TALP (III and IV) and diluted with Tris (I and III) or TALP (II and IV) was assessed. The sperm motility at the 0‐h incubation in TALP–TALP was superior to that of the rest (p < 0.001 to p = 0.04). At the 2‐h incubation, the motility in Tris/TALP–TALP was greater than that in Tris/TALP–Tris (p ≤ 0.001). In experiment 2, after centrifugation, the sperm pellets were added with freezing extenders and frozen. The thawed sperm previously retrieved from the epididymides with Tris and TALP were allotted so as not to further diluted (Tris/TALP–O) and to further diluted (1 : 1, v/v) with Tris (Tris/TALP–Tris) and TALP (Tris/TALP–TALP) and were evaluated the quality. At both incubation times, the motility of frozen‐thawed sperm recovered with TALP (TALP–O/Tris/TALP) was comparable with or significantly higher than that in the Tris groups (Tris–O/Tris/TALP; p = 0.003 to p > 0.05). The motility and viability of thawed sperm in Tris–Tris were significantly decreased during the 2‐h incubation (p = 0.007 for the motility and p = 0.01 for the viability). In both experiments, neither type of diluent (Tris vs TALP) nor incubation time (0 vs 2 h) significantly affected the sperm membrane integrity under hypo‐osmotic condition (p > 0.05). According to beneficial effects on the quality of fresh‐extended and frozen‐thawed sperm demonstrated, sperm‐TALP could be used as an alternative medium for recovering sperm from the epididymides and for diluting epididymal sperm in the domestic cat.
Changing the Family Portrait: Hagar and Sarah in Art and Interfaith Dialogue
Authors: Rosen Aaron 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe ‘Abrahamic’ has become an almost indispensable touchstone in the theory and practice of interfaith dialogue between Jews, Christians, and Muslims. The more this terminology has been employed, however, the less clear we have become about what we mean by it. If we are going to call for interfaith dialogue under the banner of the Abrahamic, we should begin by wrestling more fully with the character of Abraham, and his complex family relations. One key task is to address a persistent emphasis on patriarchs over matriarchs, which elevates Abraham while marginalizing his wives Sarah and Hagar. While their tales are narrated and interpreted in divergent ways in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, related challenges arise in each tradition, which bear directly upon the prospects for interfaith dialogue. In this essay I will unpack some of these issues using works of art by such diverse artists as Edmonia Lewis, George Segal, Adi Nes, and Siona Benjamin. I will conclude by speculating on the wider possibilities for using the visual arts as a tool for dialogue between the Abrahamic faiths.
Religion Compass: A Survey of Current Researches on India’s Nāth Yogīs
Authors: Bouillier Véronique 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe Nāth or Kānphaṭā Yogīs belong to a Hindu Shaiva ascetic and monastic tradition which had a lot of influence on the religious and literary landscape of precolonial India and is still counted among the important sectarian movements of modern India. This survey offers a brief overview of scholarship on three key areas: first, the relationship to Yoga and the link with Gorakhnāth as the supposed author of Sanskrit treatises on Haṭha Yoga; second, the interpretation of the vernacular literature of the Nāth Yogīs, their legends, their strong relationship to power and their convergence with the bhakti milieu; and third, the Nāth Yogīs as constituting a modern sectarian organization, and recent developments relating to their organisation and rituals.
Draupadī in the Mahābhārata
Authors: Black Brian 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper will explore three dimensions of Draupadī’s literary personality: (1) as a divine figure with a cosmic destiny; (2) as an enraged and defenseless victim of sexual abuse; and (3) as a female scholar (paṇḍitā),who contributes to the Mahābhārata’s programmatic examination of dharma (justice). By looking at these three interconnected aspects of her character, the paper will trace her main appearances in the story, engage with scholarly discussions about her literary persona, and reflect upon how Draupadī provides a unique perspective from which to appreciate the Mahābhārata.
The Pseudepigrapha in Current Research
Authors: Sheinfeld Shayna 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe Pseudepigrapha is a collection of Jewish and Christian texts usually attributed to ideal figures from the past. The Pseudepigrapha generally date from the Second Temple and early Christian period, approximately 200 B.C.E. to 200 C.E. While the term itself derives from the Greek meaning ‘falsely attributed,’ the function of pseudepigraphic texts is more complex than what in modern society would simply be forgery. Pseudepigraphy itself was not uncommon in the ancient world, and its usage in Jewish and Christian circles should come as no surprise to those familiar with the Greek education system, where pseudonymous writing was a basic pedagogical practice. This article will discuss current research on pseudonymous attribution and its function for the author of a pseudepigraphic text, which assists the author in handling present situations by emulating circumstances and ideal figures from the past. In addition, determining the provenance—whether Jewish or Christian—of individual pseudepigrapha is highly problematic, as these texts were preserved and transmitted by Christians and may therefore have been redacted. The latest research discussing how one might determine the provenance of an individual pseudepigraphic text will be explored.