bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Investigation on Uplift Capacity and Failure Mode of Inclined Circular Plate/Helical Anchor in Sand
Authors: Hao Dongxue , Chen Xichao , Chen Rong , Yuan Chi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Inclined circular plate or helical anchor has been extensively used as tensile foundations with certain horizontal forces, such as transmission tower and offshore structure foundations. The studies on the influences of inclination angle on the bearing characteristics under different sand compactness and embedment depth are insufficient. Therefore, this research carried out FEM analysis using a modified Mohr-Coulomb model considering the variation of mobilized sand strength, and the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian technique to investigate the influence of inclined angle and embedment depth of circular anchors for different sand densities on uplift capacity and failure mode. Numerical results show that the influences of embedment ratio and density on uplift capacity are particularly important. The uplift breakout factor of the anchor plate increases rapidly at first and then slowly with the increase of the embedment ratio, until it approaches a stable value, and deep failure mode occurs. The critical embedment ratio increases with the sand compactness. The uplift capacity increases with the increase of inclination angle for shallow embedment depth, but the influence of inclination angle gradually decreases for deep embedment depth. Also, the influence of the inclination angle of the anchor plate becomes more pronounced with the increase of compactness.
A Nesting Boundary Approach in ISPH Model for Wave Impact Computation
Authors: Yang Xiaoxiao , Xu Haihua , Zheng Jiapeng , Chan Eng Soon 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Given the intricate nature of wave impact, encompassing phenomena like air entrapment and turbulent mixing, laboratory measurement techniques have struggled to fully capture the flow field without constraints. In the past twenty years, numerical modeling has emerged as a valuable tool for researchers to surmount the challenges faced in experimental investigations. Nonetheless, due to the highly localized and exceptionally sensitive nature of wave impact, effective modeling necessitates substantial high-performance computing resources and entails lengthy computation times. Recognizing that higher resolution is only needed in a local zone where wave impact occurs, in this paper, we deploy a nesting boundary method based on incompressible smooth particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) model, which concentrates the computation resource on the truncated domain where the essential wave transformation and wave-structure interaction occurs. The scheme is then applied to simulate a flip through impact condition and results are compared with those attained using paddle and wall boundaries. It has been demonstrated that the nesting boundary scheme is proficient and successful in capturing essential flow field particulars, leading to significant savings in computational resources. This is particularly advantageous for wave propagation simulations conducted in very long flumes. Discussions are made on comparisons between different nesting schemes including nesting boundary and periodic boundary.
Contribution of Waves to Horizontal Low Frequency Motions of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines
Authors: H. Dadmarzi Fatemeh , Fonseca Nuno , Berthelsen Petter Andreas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The dynamic responses of INO WINDMOOR Floating Wind Turbine (FWT) in low frequency surge motion is investigated as a case study. A set of environmental conditions is selected to represent operational conditions with aligned wind and waves. The relative contribution of waves, as well as wind, low frequency excitations to the low frequency horizontal motion of the floating wind turbine is investigated. Simulations are conducted for turbulent wind and irregular waves with an aero-hydro-servo-elastic computational tool with the state-of-the-art force models. The effect of increasing wind speed in turbine’s operational range, in presence of low and moderate sea states, is studied in terms of low frequency surge motion of the platform. A detailed comparison for a moderate sea-state and rated wind speed is presented, where the effect of waves on slowly varying surge motion is discussed. The combined wind and wave contributions to the turbine aerodynamic damping is considered. The additional low frequency damping in surge due to wave frequency motions of hull and mooring lines are investigated. It is shown that the aforementioned damping could contribute to reduction of the response spectrum in the vicinity of the surge natural frequency. Further investigations are proposed to form a better understanding of wave and wind relative contributions to slowly varying motions.
Evaluation of Offshore Wind Power Production in Extreme Wind Conditions
Authors: Liu Xuan , Zhang Xiaoqin , Xing Xiuqing , Kang Chang Wei , S. G. Raghavan Venugopalan , Nguyen Vinh Tan , Li Jichao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Offshore wind energy plays a key role in the transition to renewable energy sources. With the growing interest and installations of offshore wind farms, a deeper understanding of how extreme wind conditions in the coastal area impact power production becomes essential. According to the working regimes of a wind turbine, wind energy production can be affected or disrupted by extreme atmospheric events particularly when facing specific thresholds such as below the cut-in wind speed, reaching the rated output speed and exceeding the cut-off wind speed. Given that these wind thresholds might all occur during extreme wind events, accurately calculating power production capacity during a coastal extreme atmospheric event becomes critical to assess wind farm availability.
In order to evaluate the power production at a proposed offshore wind farm site during an extreme wind event, this study utilized a coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean modelling system (COAWST) comprising fully coupled configuration (ROMS-SWAN-WRF) to represent the complex meteo-oceanographic conditions along US east coast area: Gulf of Maine. The selection of the fully coupled configuration was based on its superior performance, validated through comparison with various buoy observations. Subsequently, the study compared the gridded wind power production from different wind turbine configurations during an extreme winter storm event. Power production was computed separately based on each turbine model’s power curve and thrust curve. Assessing the spatial and temporal variations in power production capacity among different turbine model configurations during this extreme winter event in this study not only advances the understanding of wind assessment over the Gulf of Maine but also provides invaluable insights for researchers into advantages of employing more advanced meteo-oceanographic modelling system, such as COAWST, in offshore wind farm industry.
On Extending the Life of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines Via Sheltering Effects of Upstream Wave Energy Converters
Authors: Liu Ding Peng , Manuel Lance , Coe Ryan G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Offshore renewable energy, derived from wind and waves, is increasingly being considered in many regions of the world. Co-location of offshore wind turbine (OWT) and wave energy converter (WEC) arrays allows the shared use of space and offers beneficial interaction, leading to efficient utilization of marine resources and more sustainable ocean energy solutions. By extracting energy from waves, WECs can offer sheltering effects and reduced hydrodynamic loads on downstream OWTs. This can enhance the structural reliability of the OWTs against fatigue and extend the service life. To quantify such extension in service life, a comprehensive reliability analysis framework is proposed that incorporates metocean data analysis, fatigue damage assessment, and an integrated reliability-based fatigue life estimation. We employ power-take-off matrices of different WEC devices to approximate absorbed wave power in irregular sea states. A metocean data analysis establishes the representative sea states for the incident and lee waves, where lee wave conditions are estimated by subtracting WEC absorbed power absorption from the incident power. The open-source time-domain simulation tool, OpenFAST, is employed to compute motions and loads on a downstream floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT), for sea states of interest. Fatigue damage assessment and associated life estimation are carried using a selected output stress response. An extended service life due to effective sheltering for the FOWT can be evaluated through the proposed fatigue reliability-based analysis that includes uncertainties from metocean conditions. By comparing three different types of WEC devices, the analysis showed a 14% to 25 % extension in service life can be achieved.
Deep sequencing as a diagnostic tool in patients with suspected primary vitreoretinal lymphoma
Authors: Choo Charlene , Cote Olivia , Bostwick Karina , Regueiro Matthew , Wells Jill , Grossniklaus Hans E , Gonzales John , Yeh Steven , Hinterwirth Armin , Doan Thuy , Shantha Jessica G 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
To compare the diagnostic utility of metagenomic deep sequencing (MDS) to cytology, flow cytometry and gene rearrangement by PCR in ocular samples of patients with suspected vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL).

Methods
Patients with suspected VRL underwent ocular sampling of one or both eyes at the Emory Eye Center from September 2017 to June 2022. Ocular samples were evaluated with MDS and conventional diagnostics. MDS was performed at the Ralph and Sophie Heintz Laboratory at the F.I. Proctor Foundation. Relevant demographic and clinical data were retrospectively collected from medical records. Patients were diagnosed with VRL based on clinical assessment and conventional diagnostic testing.

Results

This study included 13 patients with suspected VRL who underwent diagnostic vitrectomy, including 1 patient who had an additional subretinal biopsy. Six patients (46.2%) were diagnosed with VRL. Among patients diagnosed with VRL, MDS detected pathogenic mutations in 5 out of 6 patients (83.3%) while cytology was positive for VRL in 4 out of 6 patients (66.7%), flow cytometry in 4 out of 4 patients (100.0%) and PCR in 4 out of 4 patients (100.0%). MDS detected mutations in
MYD88
in 2 out of 6 patients diagnosed with VRL. In 7 patients (53.8%) not diagnosed with VRL, MDS detected pathogenic lymphoma mutations in 2 patients (28.6%).

Discussion
MDS detected pathogenic mutations in five out of six patients diagnosed with VRL, including in two patients with negative cytology, demonstrating its potential to improve diagnostic rates of VRL as an adjunctive test.
Longitudinal assessment of female carriers of choroideremia using multimodal retinal imaging
Authors: Gocuk Sena A , Ayton Lauren N , Edwards Thomas L , McGuinness Myra B , Maclaren Robert E , Taylor Laura J , Jolly Jasleen K 
Published: August 2024

Background/aims
Female choroideremia carriers present with a spectrum of disease severity. Unlike in men, the rate of disease progression has not been well characterised in carriers. This longitudinal study aimed to determine the rate of retinal degeneration in choroideremia carriers, using multimodal imaging and microperimetry.

Methods
Choroideremia carriers previously seen at Oxford Eye Hospital (United Kingdom) between 2012 and 2017 returned for testing between 2015 and 2023, providing up to 11 years’ follow-up data. Participants had optical coherence tomography, fundus-tracked microperimetry and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging performed.

Results

Thirty-four eyes of 17 choroideremia carriers were examined using multimodal imaging. Median age was 44 (range: 15–73) years at baseline and median follow-up duration was 7 (range: 1–11) years. At baseline, phenotype was classified as fine (n=5 eyes), coarse (n=13 eyes), geographic (n=12 eyes) or male pattern (n=4 eyes). Thirteen patients showed no change in phenotype classification, four showed slight changes associated with choroideremia-related retinal degeneration. Despite this, carriers with severe retinal phenotypes had a statistically significant decline in average retinal sensitivity (−0.7 dB and −0.8 dB per year, respectively, p<0.001), area of geographic loss defined by FAF (+2.5 mm
2
and +3.7 mm
2
per year, respectively, p<0.001) and thinning of the photoreceptor complex (up to −2.8 microns and −10.3 microns per year, p<0.001).

Conclusion
Choroideremia carriers, particularly those with severe retinal phenotypes, exhibit progressive retinal degeneration, as evident by multimodal imaging biomarkers and functional testing. Clinicians should not rely on retinal severity classification alone to assess disease progression.
Hidden in plain sight: the covering of patients’ eyes and a microethics of medical photography
Authors: Slobogin Christine 
Published: August 2024

This article uses the author’s experience of researching historical photographs of facial injury and surgical reconstruction to think through the ethics of writing about and publishing images of patients anonymised by excising or covering their eyes. This article specifically highlights tensions between theBritish Medical Journal’s guidelines for patient anonymity in imagery and those of the archives of the British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. The rules for reproducing these sensitive images are not standardised across disciplines nor across journals and medical archives. But by using lived academic experience, visual analysis and philosophical enquiry, a flexible personal directive (or microethics) for working with these images can be reached.In order to more fully understand where the present-day suggestion of and debates around blocking out patients’ eyes for anonymity come from, this ethical analysis is tied back to the historical precedent of Harold Gillies’ 1920 publicationPlastic Surgery of the Face, in which civilians’ eyes are covered. Theories of looking and of photography unpick some of the complex ideas that these images raise regarding patient agency in medical imagery. This article will have direct application for any researcher grappling with similarly difficult material wondering how to frame their own microethics or ethics in practice for discussing, showing or publishing these types of images.
Effects of intensified training with insufficient recovery on joint level and single muscle fibre mechanical function: the role of myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity
Authors: Roussel Olivia P. , Pignanelli Christopher , Hubbard Emma F. , Coates Alexandra M. , Cheng Arthur J. , Burr Jamie F. , Power Geoffrey A. 
Published: August 2024

Intense exercise training with insufficient recovery time is associated with reductions in neuromuscular performance. However, it is unclear how single muscle fibre mechanical function and myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity contribute to these impairments. We investigated the effects of overload training on joint-level neuromuscular performance and cellular-level mechanical function. Fourteen athletes (4 female and 10 male) underwent a 3-week intensified training protocol consisting of up to 150% of their regular training hours with three additional high-intensity training sessions per week. Neuromuscular performance of the knee extensors was assessed via maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force, electrically evoked twitch contractions, and a force-frequency relationship. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis to assess single fibre mechanical function. Neither MVC force nor twitch parameters were altered following training (all p > 0.05), but a rightward shift in the force–frequency curve was observed with average reduction in force of 6%–27% across frequencies 5–20 Hz (all p < 0.05). In single fibres, maximal force output was not reduced following training, but there was a rightward shift in the force–pCa curve driven by a 6% reduction in Ca2+ sensitivity ( p < 0.05). These data indicate intensified training leads to impaired Ca2+ sensitivity at the single fibre level, which in part explains impaired neuromuscular function at the joint level during lower frequencies of activation. This is an important consideration for athletes, as performance is often assessed at maximal levels of activation, and these underlying impairments in force generation may be less obvious.
DAZAP1 Phase Separation Regulates Mitochondrial Metabolism to Facilitate Invasion and Metastasis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jiayi , Ni Zihui , Zhang Yu , Guo Yan , Zhai Rundong , Wang Mengqi , Gong Zizhen , Wang Mengyao , Zeng Fanrui , Gu Ziyue , Chen Qianming , Liu Laikui , Wang Zhiyong , Zhu Weiwen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Tumor invasion and metastasis are the underlying causes of high mortality rate due to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Energy metabolism reprogramming has been identified as a crucial process mediating tumor metastasis, thus indicating an urgent need for an in-depth investigation of the specific mechanisms of tumor energy metabolism. Here, we identified an RNA-binding protein, DAZ-associated protein 1 (DAZAP1), as a tumor-promoting factor with an important role in OSCC progression. DAZAP1 was significantly upregulated in OSCC, which enhanced the migration and invasion of OSCC cells and induced the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). RNA sequencing analysis and experimental validation demonstrated that DAZAP1 regulates mitochondrial energy metabolism in OSCC. Mechanistically, DAZAP1 underwent liquid–liquid phase separation to accumulate in the nucleus where it enhanced cytochrome c oxidase 16 (COX16) expression by regulating pre-mRNA alternative splicing, thereby promoting OSCC invasion and mitochondrial respiration. In mouse OSCC models, loss of DAZAP1 suppressed EMT, downregulated COX16, and reduced tumor growth and metastasis. In samples from patients with OSCC, expression of DAZAP1 positively correlated with COX16 and a high expression of both proteins was associated with poor patient prognosis. Together, these findings revealed a mechanism by which DAZAP1 supports mitochondrial metabolism and tumor development of OSCC, suggesting the potential of therapeutic strategies targeting DAZAP1 to block OSCC invasion and metastasis.
Significance: The RNA-binding protein DAZAP1 undergoes phase separation to enhance COX16 expression and mediate metabolic reprogramming that enables tumor metastasis, highlighting DAZAP1 as a potential metabolic target for cancer therapy.
Dual Inhibition of SYK and EGFR Overcomes Chemoresistance by Inhibiting CDC6 and Blocking DNA Replication
Authors: Mandal Jayaprakash , Jones Tiffany Nicole , Liberto Juliane Marie , Gaillard Stephanie , Wang Tian-Li , Shih Ie-Ming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Targeting multiple signaling pathways has been proposed as a strategy to overcome resistance to single-pathway inhibition in cancer therapy. A previous study in epithelial ovarian cancers identified hyperactivity of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and EGFR, which mutually phosphorylate and activate each other. Given the potential for pharmacologic inhibition of both kinases with clinically available agents, this study aimed to assess the antitumor efficacy of both pharmacologic and genetic SYK and EGFR coinhibition using a multifaceted approach. We assessed the coinactivation effects in chemoresistant ovarian cancer cell lines, patient-derived organoids, and xenograft models. Dual inhibition of SYK and EGFR in chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells elicited a synergistic antitumor effect. Notably, the combined inhibition activated the DNA damage response, induced G1 cell-cycle arrest, and promoted apoptosis. The phosphoproteomic analysis revealed that perturbation of SYK and EGFR signaling induced a significant reduction in both phosphorylated and total protein levels of cell division cycle 6, a crucial initiator of DNA replication. Together, this study provides preclinical evidence supporting dual inhibition of SYK and EGFR as a promising treatment for chemoresistant ovarian cancer by disrupting DNA synthesis and impairing formation of the prereplication complex. These findings warrant further clinical investigation to explore the potential of this combination therapy in overcoming drug resistance and improving patient outcomes.
Significance: SYK and EGFR coinhibition exerts synergistic anticancer effects in chemoresistant ovarian cancer, providing a strategy to treat chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancers using clinically available agents by targeting critical signaling pathways involved in DNA replication.
Developing an effective focused crawler to retrieve data of Indian-origin scientists and utilizing text classification for comparative analysis
Authors: Gautam Shivani , Bhatia Rajesh , Jain Shaily 
Published: August 2024

<p><span lang="EN-US">This article presents the implementation of focused web crawling to retrieve data about scientists of Indian ancestry who are working in foreign nations. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of web scraping in obtaining large amounts of data from publicly available online pages. The objective is to construct a collection of data pertaining to Indian scientists who are now employed in national laboratories overseas. Collecting a vast quantity of data on the aforementioned Indian scientists through manual search is a pointless task. Therefore, this study proposes a detailed plan for a focused web crawler that can gather similar data. Subsequently, we present a comprehensive assessment of numerous classification models on this newly created dataset. Our assessments indicate that the random forest model surpasses the other supervised models. The empirical findings on large datasets demonstrated that the combination of random forest with synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) and k-fold cross-validation methods yielded better performance compared to K-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and logistic regression (LR) for Indian origin scientists. Conversely, SMOTE with an 80-20 random split demonstrated superior performance on smaller datasets. Overall, the random forest classifier demonstrated the most favorable outcomes, attaining a micro-average area under curve (AUC) of 90%. The outcomes of our study provide a solid foundation for further investigation into classification of text of Indian origin scientists.</span></p>