bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grandeur et déclin d’une science au service de l’Église
Authors: Warren Jean-Philippe 
Published: May 2015

Le présent article s’intéresse aux travaux des sociologues catholiques québécois dans les années 1950 et 1960. Dans la première partie, nous insistons sur le caractère ancillaire de la sociologie par rapport à l’institution religieuse. Dans la deuxième partie, nous nous penchons sur les enquêtes lancées à l’occasion de la mise sur pied des « Grandes Missions » régionales. Enfin, dans la dernière partie, nous entendons relever certains motifs de résistances et d’indifférence croissante du clergé envers la sociologie religieuse. Ce faisant, nous espérons offrir une lorgnette différente pour appréhender l’essor des sciences sociales au Québec.
Pantomime, danse et stylisation (Cary Grant, James Cagney, Fred Astaire)
Authors: Viviani Christian 
Published: May 2015

Music-hall et pantomime placent les acteurs qui en sont issus au carrefour de plusieurs formes artistiques et entraînent chez eux une stylisation antinaturaliste du jeu corporel. Trois cas, relevant du cinéma classique hollywoodien, sont analysés dans cet article : Cary Grant, James Cagney et Fred Astaire. De ces trois acteurs formés à l’école de la pantomime et de la danse populaires, un seul, Astaire, a privilégié le genre musical ; les incursions dans le film non dansé sont pour lui exceptionnelles, comme celles de Cagney, grande figure du cinéma criminel, dans le film musical. Quant à Grant, qui a su imposer un jeu non naturaliste, la formation chorégraphique et pantomimique est peut-être pour lui un moyen de mieux entrer dans le mystère de l’équilibre entre réalité et fiction des corps cinématographiques qu’il incarne. Les traces d’une formation chorégraphique ou pantomimique favorisent le passage du banal à l’exceptionnel sans entamer la crédibilité. Le filigrane féminin vient ainsi enrichir la virilité affichée. L’acteur de cinéma doit-il être un peu mime et danseur pour pouvoir proposer un corps proprement cinématographique ?
Chandler wobble parameters from SLR and GRACE
Authors: Nastula J. , Gross R. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe period and quality factor Q of the Chandler wobble are functions of the internal structure and dissipation processes of the Earth. Better estimates of the period and Q of the Chandler wobble can therefore be used to better understand these properties of the Earth. Here the period and Q of the Chandler wobble are estimated by finding those values that minimize the power in the Chandler frequency band of the difference between observed and modeled polar motion excitation functions. The observations of the polar motion excitation functions that we used are derived from both space‐geodetic polar motion observations and from satellite laser ranging (SLR) and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) observations of the degree‐2 coefficients of the Earth's time‐varying gravitational field. The models of the polar motion excitation functions that we used are derived from general circulation models of the atmosphere and oceans and from hydrologic models. Our preferred values for the period and Q of the Chandler wobble that we estimated using this approach are 430.9 ± 0.7 solar days and 127 (56, 255), respectively.
A review of tropical cyclone‐generated storm surges: Global data sources, observations, and impacts
Authors: Needham Hal F. , Keim Barry D. , Sathiaraj David 
Published: May 2015

AbstractTropical cyclone‐generated storm surges are among the world's most deadly and destructive natural hazards. This paper provides the first comprehensive global review of tropical storm surge data sources, observations, and impacts while archiving data in SURGEDAT, a global database. Available literature has provided data for more than 700 surge events since 1880, the majority of which are found in the western North Atlantic (WNA), followed by Australia/Oceania, the western North Pacific (WNP), and the northern Indian Ocean (NIO). The Bay of Bengal (BOB) in the NIO consistently observes the world's highest surges, as this subbasin averages five surges ≥5 m per decade and has observed credible storm tide levels reaching 13.7 m. The WNP observes the highest rate of low‐magnitude surges, as the coast of China averages 54 surges ≥1 m per decade, and rates are likely higher in the Philippines. The U.S. Gulf Coast observes the second highest frequency of both high‐magnitude (≥5 m) and low‐magnitude (≥1 m) surges. The BOB observes the most catastrophic surge impacts, as 59% of global tropical cyclones that have killed at least 5000 people occurred in this basin. The six deadliest cyclones in this region have each killed at least 140,000 people, and two events have killed 300,000. Storm surge impacts transportation, agriculture, and energy sectors in the WNA. Oceania experiences long‐term impacts, including contamination of fresh water and loss of food supplies, although the highest surges in this region are lower than most other basins.
Strain decoupling reveals variable seismogenic risk in SEJapan (Nankai Trough)
Authors: Van Tuyl James , Alves Tiago M. , Moore Gregory F. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe determination of in situ stress states is vital in understanding the behavior of faults and subsequent seismogenesis of accretionary prisms. In this paper, a high‐quality 3‐D seismic volume is used to map the depth of the extensional‐compressional decoupling (ECD) boundary in the accretionary prism of Nankai, with the prior knowledge that strike‐slip and compressional stresses occur deeper than 1250 m below seafloor (mbsf) in the Kumano Basin, changing to extension toward the seafloor. A total of 1108 faults from the accretionary prism are analyzed to estimate paleostresses via fault inversion and slip tendency techniques. A key result in this paper is that the ECD boundary can be used as a proxy to identify active structures on accretionary prisms as its depth depends on (a) local tectonic uplift in areas adjacent to active faults and (b) the thickness of sediment accumulated above active thrust anticlines. The depth of the ECD boundary ranges from 0 to ∼650 mbsf, being notably shallower than in the Kumano Basin. In Nankai, frontal regions of the imbricate‐thrust zone, and the megasplay fault zone, reveal the shallower ECD depths and correlate with the regions where faulting is most active. As a corollary, this work confirms that estimates of stress state variability based on the analysis of 3‐D seismic data are vital to understand the behavior of faults and potential seismogenic regions on convergent margins.
Saturn's hinge parameter from Cassini magnetotail passes in 2013–2014
Authors: Carbary J. F. , Sergis N. , Mitchell D. G. , Krupp N. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractObservations of energetic charged particles (>40 keV) and magnetic fields were made by Cassini instruments during eight passes through Saturn's magnetotail in 2013 and 2014. These passes are unique because the spacecraft crossed the magnetotail plasma sheet at nearly perpendicular incidence, thus allowing an accurate cross‐section measurement. For each tail pass, Cassini/Magnetosphere Imaging Instrument detectors recorded fluxes that maximized at the center of the magnetotail while the Cassini/Magnetometer recorded magnetic field components in spherical coordinates for which BR = 0 at the center. These sheet encounters can be organized using the Arridge “bowl” model, an axially symmetric paraboloid surface for the neutral sheet that is characterized by a “hinge” distance rH. This hinge parameter can be computed for each pass and each observable by interpolating the observed encounter time between those times expected for rH = 10, 20, 30, and 40 Rs. The hinge distances vary considerably, although all values of rH are the same within statistical variation. The BR = 0 crossings yield an average rH = 26.8 ± 6.0 Rs. However, the 41–64 keV electrons exhibit a mean rH = 23.2 ± 9.2 Rs (if using flux peaks to mark disk crossings) or rH = 22.3 ± 5.7 Rs (if using flux centroids). On the other hand, the 56–106 keV ions display rH = 27.2 ± 6.4 Rs (peaks) and rH = 26.2 ± 8.1 Rs (centroids). Thus, the electrons have hinge distances slightly smaller than those of the magnetic field and ions. This behavior suggests that there may be one magnetotail for electrons and another for the ions and magnetic field.
On the seasonal variations of salinity of the tropical Atlantic mixed layer
Authors: Camara I. , Kolodziejczyk Nicolas , Mignot Juliette , Lazar Alban , Gaye Amadou T. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe physical processes controlling the mixed layer salinity (MLS) seasonal budget in the tropical Atlantic Ocean are investigated using a regional configuration of an ocean general circulation model. The analysis reveals that the MLS cycle is generally weak in comparison of individual physical processes entering in the budget because of strong compensation. In evaporative regions, around the surface salinity maxima, the ocean acts to freshen the mixed layer against the action of evaporation. Poleward of the southern SSS maxima, the freshening is ensured by geostrophic advection, the vertical salinity diffusion and, during winter, a dominant contribution of the convective entrainment. On the equatorward flanks of the SSS maxima, Ekman transport mainly contributes to supply freshwater from ITCZ regions while vertical salinity diffusion adds on the effect of evaporation. All these terms are phase locked through the effect of the wind. Under the seasonal march of the ITCZ and in coastal areas affected by river (7°S:15°N), the upper ocean freshening by precipitations and/or runoff is attenuated by vertical salinity diffusion. In the eastern equatorial regions, seasonal cycle of wind forced surface currents advect freshwaters, which are mixed with subsurface saline water because of the strong vertical turbulent diffusion. In all these regions, the vertical diffusion presents an important contribution to the MLS budget by providing, in general, an upwelling flux of salinity. It is generally due to vertical salinity gradient and mixing due to winds. Furthermore, in the equator where the vertical shear, associated to surface horizontal currents, is developed, the diffusion depends also on the sheared flow stability.
Atmospheric water parameters measured by a ground‐based microwave radiometer and compared with the WRF model
Authors: Cossu Federico , Hocke Klemens , Martynov Andrey , Martius Olivia , Mätzler Christian 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe microwave radiometer TROWARA measures integrated water vapour (IWV) and integrated cloud liquid water (ILW) at Bern since 1994 with a time resolution of 7 s. In this study, we compare TROWARA measurements with a simulation of summer 2012 in Switzerland performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. It is found that the WRF model agrees very well with TROWARA's IWV variations with a mean bias of only 0.7 mm. The ILW distribution of the WRF model, although similar in shape to TROWARA's distribution, overestimates the fraction of clear sky periods (83% compared to 60%).
Influence of organic loading rate on integrated bioreactor treating hypersaline mustard wastewater
Authors: Kang Wei , Chai Hongxiang , Yang Shiwei , Du Guojun , Zhou Jian , He Qiang 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMustard tuber wastewater is characterized by high salinity and high organic content that is potentially detrimental to the biological treatment system and affects the treatment efficiency accordingly. The experiment used the integrated bioreactor to reduce much of the organics in mustard tuber wastewater, and found the influence of organic loading rate on effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) and phosphate (PO43−‐P). Results showed that under the condition of 10–15 °C, 6 mg/L of dissolved oxygen, the reduction value of COD removal rate in anaerobic and aerobic area was 14.5% and 31.7% when the organic loading rate increased from 2.0 to 4.0 kg COD/m3/day. Therefore, an integrated bioreactor should take 2.0 kg COD/m3/day organic loading rate in mustard wastewater treatment if the effluent is expected to meet the third level of “Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard” (GB 8978‐1996).
Eco‐hydraulic modelling of the interactions between hydropeaking and river morphology
Authors: Vanzo Davide , Zolezzi Guido , Siviglia Annunziato 
Published: May 2015

AbstractHydropeaking related to hydropower operations produces adverse ecological effects that depend on its interaction with the channel morphology. A first quantitative attempt is proposed to investigate the eco‐hydraulic response of different river morphologies to hydropeaking waves based on a two‐dimensional hydraulic modelling approach. Physical habitat diversity, macroinvertebrate drift and fish stranding, all relevant for hydropeaking, are quantitatively investigated with reference to realistic hydro‐morphological conditions of regulated alpine streams. Habitat diversity and fish stranding have the strongest dependence on channel morphology and show nearly opposite behaviours with increasing morphological complexity. Braided reaches are the most resilient to hydropeaking offering the highest habitat diversity and very limited base‐to‐peak variation of macroinvertebrate drift, while alternate bars are extremely sensitive environments to drift and offer safer regions from stranding. Transitional morphologies between single‐thread and multi‐thread offer the best eco‐hydraulic trade‐offs. The method allows quantifying to which extent same eco‐hydraulic targets can be achieved by either morphological restorations or base flow increases: in transitional morphologies, identical reduction in reach‐averaged stranding risk might be obtained either by halving the channel width or by a threefold base flow increase; analogously, the same improvement in macroinvertebrate‐fed areas can be achieved in a channel with alternating bars either by a threefold base flow increase or by increasing 2.5 times the channel width. Such quantification of the eco‐hydraulic effectiveness of complementary management strategies offers a powerful tool to support design of restoration measures in hydropeaking rivers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the Question of Site‐Selective Ligand Exchange in Carboxylate‐Substituted Metal Oxo Clusters
Authors: Kreutzer Johannes , Czakler Matthias , Puchberger Michael , Pittenauer Ernst , Schubert Ulrich 
Published: May 2015

AbstractReaction of [Ti4Zr4O6(OBu)4(OMc)16] (OMc = methacrylate) with acetylacetone (acacH) resulted in dissection of the cluster and formation of [Ti(OBu)2(acac)2] and the smaller cluster [Ti2Zr4O4(OMc)16]. In contrast, the same reaction with [Zr6O4(OH)4(OOCR)12]2·6RCOOH (R = Et, CH2CH=CH2) led to site‐selective substitution of two carboxylate ligands and formation of isostructural [Zr6O4(OH)4(OOCR)12–x(acac)x]2·6RCOOH (x ≤ 1).
Niobium Complexes in Organic Transformations: From Stoichiometric Reactions to Catalytic [2+2+2] Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Satoh Yasushi , Obora Yasushi 
Published: May 2015

AbstractNiobium complexes in organic reactions have received a lot of attention in recent years. Niobium is one of the early transition metals, which possess unique reactivity distinct from that of other transition metals. This review focuses mainly on stoichiometric reactions and catalytic reactions involving niobium complexes. In particular, recent results relating to NbV‐mediated or NbIII‐catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of unsaturated compounds (alkyne, alkenes, nitriles, and isocyanates) are mainly presented in this review. In one example of a set of catalytic reactions involving a low‐valent niobium species, the reaction between NbCl5 and tris(trimethylsilyl)silane generated a low‐valent niobium(III) species, and this promoted [2+2+2] cycloaddition of terminal alkynes and olefins to provide cyclohexa‐1,3‐dienes. In addition, the use of low‐valent niobium(III) species in stoichiometric reactions has also been reported. Many of these reactions are carried out by formation of Nb–alkyne complexes through reactions between low‐valent niobium(III) and internal alkynes. Some examples of the use of Nb complexes as Lewis acids have also been reported. In these reactions, the valence of the Nb complexes is V.
Frying stability of sunflower oil blended with jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) leaf extract
Authors: Delfanian Mojtaba , Esmaeilzadeh Kenari Reza , Sahari Mohammad Ali 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe aim of present study was to compare the effects of ultrasound‐assisted and microwave‐assisted extraction with solvent extraction method on antioxidant activities of jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) leaf extracts in stability of sunflower oil during deep frying. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by using 2, 2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH˙) radical scavenging and β‐carotene bleaching assays. Ultrasound‐assisted extraction was the most effective method on antioxidant activities of extracts and extraction yield of phenolic compounds compared to other extraction techniques. Protective effect of methanol–water extract of jujube leaf obtained with ultrasound‐assisted extraction (ULMW) at 500 and 700 ppm in stability of sunflower oil was compared to synthetic antioxidants by measuring total polar compounds (TPC), carbonyl value (CV), peroxide value (PV), free fatty acids (FFA), oxidative stability index (OSI), conjugated dienes (CD), and trienes values (CT). Results showed ULMW at 700 ppm had higher stabilization efficiency than synthetic antioxidants.
Exploring human brain neuronal currents with phase MRI
Authors: Huang Jie , Zhu David C. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTPurpose: Brain activity‐associated neuronal currents produce weak transient magnetic fields that would affect both magnitude and phase of the local MRI signal, but these very small signal changes are not reliably detectable with conventional fMRI methodologies. A recent simulation study, using a realistic model specifically for human cerebral cortex, indicates that the phase signal change induced by spontaneous activity may reach a detectable level (up to 0.2°) in favorable conditions. This study aimed to investigate neuronal current‐induced signal changes in human visual cortex with phase MRI. Materials and Methods: Six healthy subjects participated in a phase fMRI study using a temporally well‐controlled visual stimulation paradigm with a known neuronal firing pattern in visual cortex. The precise timing of the paradigm provides a means of detecting and testing the neuronal current‐induced phase signal changes, and placing a series of acquisition windows to fully cover the entire response duration enables a thorough detection of any detectable phase signal changes induced by the stimulus‐evoked neuronal currents. Results: The presented phase MRI method demonstrated to be reliable, and the improved phase measure has achieved a sensitivity level of 0.2° for detecting any significant phase signal changes under a practical length of fMRI session. The test found no sign of any significant neuronal current‐induced phase signal changes in any subject and study. Conclusions: Under the experimental condition, the upper limit of the neuronal current‐induced phase signal changes was found to be less than 0.2° in the human visual cortex, consistent with the model prediction.
RETRACTED: miR‐212/132 downregulates SMAD2 expression to suppress the G1/S phase transition of the cell cycle and the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in cervical cancer cells
Authors: Zhao Jian‐Li , Zhang Le , Guo Xu , Wang Jing‐Hua , Zhou Wen , Liu Min , Li Xin , Tang Hua 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small noncoding RNAs that regulate target gene expression, play an important role in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. However, the role of many miRNAs in cervical cancer is not fully understood. In this study, we found that miR‐212 and miR‐132 from the same gene cluster are downregulated in human cervical cancer tissues when compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues. The overexpression of miR‐212/132 not only led to a delay in the G1/S phase transition and repressed cell proliferation but also resulted in an increase in E‐cadherin expression and a decrease in vimentin, suppressing the epithelial to mesenchymal transition and migration and invasion in cervical cancer cells. Subsequently, SMAD2 was identified as a common target of miR‐212/132 and was found to be negatively regulated by miR‐212/132 at the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, SMAD2 silencing led to the same effect on cervical cancer cells as miR‐212/132 overexpression. Importantly, SMAD2 overexpression partially reversed the cellular phenotypes induced by miR‐212/132 overexpression. In conclusion, our study indicated that miR‐212/132 functions as tumor suppressor by targeting SMAD2 in cervical cancer. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 2015 67(5):380–394, 2015
RSK3: A regulator of pathological cardiac remodeling
Authors: Martinez Eliana C. , Passariello Catherine L. , Li Jinliang , Matheson Christopher J. , Dodge‐Kafka Kimberly , Reigan Philip , Kapiloff Michael S. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThe family of p90 ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) are pleiotropic effectors for extracellular signal‐regulated kinase signaling pathways. Recently, RSK3 was shown to be important for pathological remodeling of the heart. Although cardiac myocyte hypertrophy can be compensatory for increased wall stress, in chronic heart diseases, this nonmitotic cell growth is usually associated with interstitial fibrosis, increased cell death, and decreased cardiac function. Although RSK3 is less abundant in the cardiac myocyte than other RSK family members, RSK3 appears to serve a unique role in cardiac myocyte stress responses. A potential mechanism conferring the unique function of RSK3 in the heart is anchoring by the scaffold protein muscle A‐kinase anchoring protein β (mAKAPβ). Recent findings suggest that RSK3 should be considered as a therapeutic target for the prevention of heart failure, a clinical syndrome of major public health significance. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 2015 67(5):331–337, 2015