bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of glycoalkaloid distribution in the tissues of mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor)
Authors: Winkiel Magdalena Joanna , Chowański Szymon , Sulli Maria , Diretto Gianfranco , Słocińska Małgorzata 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSolanine (SOL) and chaconine (CHA) are glycoalkaloids (GAs) produced mainly by Solanum plants. These plant secondary metabolites affect insect metabolism; thus, they have the potential to be applied as natural plant protection products. However, it is not known which GA concentration induces physiological changes in animals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a quantitative analysis of SOL and CHA in the larvae of Tenebrio molitor using LC‒MS to assess how quickly they are eliminated or metabolised. In this experiment, the beetles were injected with 2 μL of 10−5 M SOL or CHA solution, which corresponds to a dosage range of 0.12–0.14 ng/mg body mass. Then, 0.5, 1.5, 8, and 24 h after GA application, the haemolymph (H), gut (G), and the remainder of the larval body (FB) were isolated. GAs were detected in all samples tested for 24 h, with the highest percentage of the amount applied in the FB, while the highest concentration was measured in the H sample. The SOL and CHA concentrations decreased in the haemolymph over time, while they did not change in other tissues. CHA had the highest elimination rate immediately after injection, while SOL slightly later. None of the GA hydrolysis products were detected in the tested samples. One possible mechanism of the detoxification of GAs may be oxidation and/or sequestration. They may be excreted by Malpighian tubules, with faeces or with cuticles during moulting. The results presented are significant because they facilitate the interpretation of studies related to the effects of toxic substances on insect metabolism.
Light wavelength modulates search behavior performance in zebrafish
Authors: Waalkes Matthew R. , Leathery Maegan , Peck Madeline , Barr Allison , Cunill Alexander , Hageter John , Horstick Eric J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVisual systems have evolved to discriminate between different wavelengths of light. The ability to perceive color, or specific light wavelengths, is important as color conveys crucial information about both biotic and abiotic features in the environment. Indeed, different wavelengths of light can drive distinct patterns of activity in the vertebrate brain, yet what remains incompletely understood is whether distinct wavelengths can invoke etiologically relevant behavioral changes. To address how specific wavelengths in the visible spectrum modulate behavioral performance, we use larval zebrafish and a stereotypic light-search behavior. Prior work has shown that the cessation of light triggers a transitional light-search behavior, which we use to interrogate wavelength-dependent behavioral modulation. Using 8 narrow spectrum light sources in the visible range, we demonstrate that all wavelengths induce motor parameters consistent with search behavior, yet the magnitude of search behavior is spectrum sensitive and the underlying motor parameters are modulated in distinct patterns across short, medium, and long wavelengths. However, our data also establishes that not all motor features of search are impacted by wavelength. To define how wavelength modulates search performance, we performed additional assays with alternative wavelengths, dual wavelengths, and variable intensity. Last, we also tested blind larvae to resolve which components of wavelength dependent behavioral changes potentially include signaling from non-retinal photoreception. These findings have important implications as organisms can be exposed to varying wavelengths in laboratory and natural settings and therefore impose unique behavioral outputs.
Silencing sensory neuron membrane protein RferSNMPu1 impairs pheromone detection in the invasive Asian Palm Weevil
Authors: Johny Jibin , Nihad Mohammad , Alharbi Hattan A. , AlSaleh Mohammed Ali , Antony Binu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier), also known as the Asian palm weevil, is an invasive pest that causes widespread damage to palm trees around the globe. As pheromone communication is crucial for their mass attack and survival on palm trees, the olfactory concept of pest control strategies has been widely explored recently. We aim to understand the molecular basis of olfaction in RPW by studying one of the key olfactory proteins in insect pheromone communication, sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). SNMPs belong to the CD36 (cluster of differentiation 36) family that perform two distinct olfactory roles in insects, either in pheromone (odorant) transfer to the odorant receptors (SNMP1) or in the pheromone clearing process (SNMP2). In this study, we performed antennal transcriptomic screening and identified six SNMPs, mapping them on the R. ferrugineus genome, and confirmed four distinct SNMPs. Both SNMP1 proteins in RPW, viz., RferSNMPu1 and RferSNMPu2, were mapped onto the same scaffold in different loci in the RPW genome. To further understand the function of these proteins, we first classified them using phylogenetic analysis and checked their tissue-specific expression patterns. Further, we measured the relative transcript abundance of SNMPs in laboratory-reared, field-collected adults and pheromone-exposure experiments, ultimately identifying RferSNMPu1 as a potential candidate for functional analysis. We mapped RferSNMPu1 expression in the antennae and found that expression patterns were similar in both sexes. We used RNAi-based gene silencing to knockdown RferSNMPu1 and tested the changes in the RPW responses to aggregation pheromone compounds, 4-methyl-5-nonanol (ferrugineol) and 4-methyl-5-nonanone (ferrugineone), and a kairomone, ethyl acetate using electroantennogram (EAG) recordings. We found a significant reduction in the EAG recordings in the RferSNMPu1 knockdown strain of adult RPWs, confirming its potential role in pheromone detection. The structural modelling revealed the key domains in the RferSNMPu1 structure, which could likely be involved in pheromone detection based on the identified ectodomain tunnels. Our studies on RferSNMPu1 with a putative role in pheromone detection provide valuable insight into understanding the olfaction in R. ferrugineus as well as in other Curculionids, as SNMPs are under-explored in terms of its functional role in insect olfaction. Most importantly, RferSNMPu1 can be used as a potential target for the olfactory communication disruption in the R. ferrugineus control strategies.
Pulmonary function trajectories in COVID-19 survivors with and without pre-existing respiratory disease
Authors: Gach Debbie , Beijers Rosanne J. H. C. G. , van Zeeland Roel , van Kampen-van den Boogaart Vivian , Posthuma Rein , Schols Annemie M. W. J. , van den Bergh Joop P. , van Osch Frits H. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA significant proportion of COVID-19 survivors still experience a reduced diffusion capacity three and twelve months after discharge. We aimed to compare pulmonary function trajectories between hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pre-existing respiratory disease (PRD) and patients without pre-existing respiratory disease (Non-PRD) at three and twelve months after hospital discharge. This single-centre retrospective cohort study included COVID-19 patients admitted to the VieCuri Medical Centre (Venlo, the Netherlands) between February and December 2020 that were invited to the outpatient clinic at three and twelve months after discharge. During this visit, pulmonary function tests were performed and impairments were based on lower limit of normal. Data of 239 patients were analysed (65% male, 66 ± 10 years, and 26% with a history of respiratory disease). Three months after discharge, 49% and 64% of the Non-PRD patients (n = 177) and PRD patients (n = 62) had a low diffusion capacity, respectively. This improved over time in Non-PRD patients (p = 0.003), but not in PRD patients (p = 0.250). A low diffusion capacity was still observed in 34% and 57% of the Non-PRD and PRD group, respectively, twelve months after discharge. Pulmonary function impairments, mainly a reduced diffusion capacity, are observed among hospitalized COVID-19 patients with PRD and Non-PRD, at three and twelve months follow-up. Although diffusion capacity impairments restore over time in Non-PRD patients, poor recovery was observed among PRD patients.
The response of sea turtles to vocalizations opens new perspectives to reduce their bycatch
Authors: Chevallier Damien , Maucourt Léo , Charrier Isabelle , Lelong Pierre , Le Gall Yves , Menut Eric , Wallace Bryan , Delvenne Cyrielle , Vincze Orsolya , Jeantet Lorène , Girondot Marc , Martin Jordan , Bourgeois Ouvéa , Lepori Muriel , Fournier Pascal , Fournier-Chambrillon Christine , Régis Sidney , Lecerf Nicolas , Lefebvre Fabien , Aubert Nathalie , Arthus Mosiah , Pujol Matthieu , Nalovic Michel Anthony , Nicolas Moulanier , Burg Marie-Clémence , Chevallier Pascale , Chevallier Tao , Landreau Antony , Meslier Stéphane , Larcher Eugène , Le Maho Yvon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIncidental capture of non-target species poses a pervasive threat to many marine species, with sometimes devastating consequences for both fisheries and conservation efforts. Because of the well-known importance of vocalizations in cetaceans, acoustic deterrents have been extensively used for these species. In contrast, acoustic communication for sea turtles has been considered negligible, and this question has been largely unexplored. Addressing this challenge therefore requires a comprehensive understanding of sea turtles’ responses to sensory signals. In this study, we scrutinized the avenue of auditory cues, specifically the natural sounds produced by green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Martinique, as a potential tool to reduce bycatch. We recorded 10 sounds produced by green turtles and identified those that appear to correspond to alerts, flight or social contact between individuals. Subsequently, these turtle sounds—as well synthetic and natural (earthquake) sounds—were presented to turtles in known foraging areas to assess the behavioral response of green turtles to these sounds. Our data highlighted that the playback of sounds produced by sea turtles was associated with alert or increased the vigilance of individuals. This therefore suggests novel opportunities for using sea turtle sounds to deter them from fishing gear or other potentially harmful areas, and highlights the potential of our research to improve sea turtles populations’ conservation.
LncRNA HOXA-AS3 promotes cell proliferation and invasion via targeting miR-218-5p/FOXP1 axis in osteosarcoma
Authors: Li Rong , Chen Pingbo , Zhou Yubo , Lang Yi , Zhou Changhui , Ren Jingqin , Maimaitiyimin Adilijiang , Chen Zhen , Liu Chengqing , mainike Abasi , Ding Lu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOsteosarcoma is an aggressive form of bone cancer and affects the health in children and adolescents. Although conventional treatment improves the osteosarcoma survival, some patients have metastasis and drug resistance, leading to a worse prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the molecular mechanism of osteosarcoma occurrence and progression, which could discover the novel treatment for osteosarcoma. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to regulate osteosarcoma occurrence and malignant progression. LncRNA HOXA-AS3 facilitates the tumorigenesis and progression in a variety of human cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of lncRNA HOXA-AS3-induced oncogenesis is poorly determined in osteosarcoma. To address this point, we utilized several cellular biological strategies and molecular approaches to explore the biological functions and mechanisms of lncRNA HOXA-AS3 in osteosarcoma cells. We found that lncRNA HOXA-AS3 facilitates cell proliferation and invasion via targeting miR-218-5p/FOXP1 axis in osteosarcoma. In conclusion, lncRNA HOXA-AS3 could be a promising target for osteosarcoma treatment.
Dynamic swatch testing of liquid aerosols in a laboratory-sized recirculating wind tunnel
Authors: Yu Seung Jung , Kim Goonhyeok , Jung Hyunsook , Jung Heesoo , Jung Jaewuk , Kim Daegyoum 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChemical warfare agents (CWAs) pose a threat as gaseous substances and as liquid aerosols, necessitating chemical warfare-protective clothing for soldiers. The paramount consideration lies in the effectiveness of the clothing as a barrier against the pertinent CWAs. This paper presents a dynamic swatch test method aimed at evaluating the performance of such clothing against liquid-phase aerosol penetration. Central to the methodology is a specialized test cell designed to rotate to the left and right, integrated within a laboratory wind tunnel, replicating mission-relevant conditions with varying wind speeds. Utilizing di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate particles as liquid aerosols, tests were conducted at wind speeds of 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 m/s. Penetration assessment relied on analyzing particle counts downstream and upstream of the fabric, with preliminary studies showing that higher wind speeds and fabric air permeabilities increase penetration at an equivalent face velocity of 5.0 cm/s. Interestingly, penetration decreased when fabric samples were subjected to rotation. The system and methodology devised demonstrated consistent and repeatable results, offering valuable insights into optimizing the effectiveness of chemical warfare-protective clothing. This research contributes to advancing methodologies for testing protective clothing, crucial for ensuring the safety of military personnel in hazardous environments.
Electrokinetic convection-enhanced delivery for infusion into the brain from a hydrogel reservoir
Authors: Cruz-Garza Jesus G. , Bhenderu Lokeshwar S. , Taghlabi Khaled M. , Frazee Kendall P. , Guerrero Jaime R. , Hogan Matthew K. , Humes Frances , Rostomily Robert C. , Horner Philip J. , Faraji Amir H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrokinetic convection-enhanced delivery (ECED) utilizes an external electric field to drive the delivery of molecules and bioactive substances to local regions of the brain through electroosmosis and electrophoresis, without the need for an applied pressure. We characterize the implementation of ECED to direct a neutrally charged fluorophore (3 kDa) from a doped biocompatible acrylic acid/acrylamide hydrogel placed on the cortical surface. We compare fluorophore infusion profiles using ECED (time = 30 min, current = 50 µA) and diffusion-only control trials, for ex vivo (N = 18) and in vivo (N = 12) experiments. The linear intensity profile of infusion to the brain is significantly higher in ECED compared to control trials, both for in vivo and ex vivo. The linear distance of infusion, area of infusion, and the displacement of peak fluorescence intensity along the direction of infusion in ECED trials compared to control trials are significantly larger for in vivo trials, but not for ex vivo trials. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of ECED to direct a solute from a surface hydrogel towards inside the brain parenchyma based predominantly on the electroosmotic vector.
Imperfect gold standard gene sets yield inaccurate evaluation of causal gene identification methods
Authors: Wang Lijia , Wen Xiaoquan , Morrison Jean 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCausal gene discovery methods are often evaluated using reference sets of causal genes, which are treated as gold standards (GS) for the purposes of evaluation. However, evaluation methods typically treat genes not in the GS positive set as known negatives rather than unknowns. This leads to inaccurate estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and AUC. Labeling biases in GS gene sets can also lead to inaccurate ordering of alternative causal gene discovery methods. We argue that the evaluation of causal gene discovery methods should rely on statistical techniques like those used for variant discovery rather than on comparison with GS gene sets.
An externally validated resting-state brain connectivity signature of pain-related learning
Authors: Kincses Balint , Forkmann Katarina , Schlitt Frederik , Jan Pawlik Robert , Schmidt Katharina , Timmann Dagmar , Elsenbruch Sigrid , Wiech Katja , Bingel Ulrike , Spisak Tamas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPain can be conceptualized as a precision signal for reinforcement learning in the brain and alterations in these processes are a hallmark of chronic pain conditions. Investigating individual differences in pain-related learning therefore holds important clinical and translational relevance. Here, we developed and externally validated a novel resting-state brain connectivity-based predictive model of pain-related learning. The pre-registered external validation indicates that the proposed model explains 8-12% of the inter-individual variance in pain-related learning. Model predictions are driven by connections of the amygdala, posterior insula, sensorimotor, frontoparietal, and cerebellar regions, outlining a network commonly described in aversive learning and pain. We propose the resulting model as a robust and highly accessible biomarker candidate for clinical and translational pain research, with promising implications for personalized treatment approaches and with a high potential to advance our understanding of the neural mechanisms of pain-related learning.
Patchy energy landscapes promote stability of small groups of active particles
Authors: Jacucci Gianni , Breoni Davide , Heijnen Sandrine , Palomo José , Jones Philip , Löwen Hartmut , Volpe Giorgio , Gigan Sylvain 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGroup formation and coordination are fundamental characteristics of living matter, essential for performing tasks and ensuring survival. Interactions between individuals play a key role in group formation, and the impact of resource distributions is a vibrant area of research. As of now, an understanding of how patchy resource distributions determine group dynamics is not yet fully understood. Studying active particles in controlled optical landscapes as energy sources, we demonstrate a non-monotonic dependency of group size on landscape patchiness, with the smallest groups forming when the patches match the active particles’ size. A similar relationship is observed in terms of group stability, evidenced by a reduced rate of individual exchange in patchy environments compared to homogeneous conditions. Reduced group sizes can be beneficial to optimise resources in heterogeneous environments and to control information flow within populations. Our results provide insights into the role of patchy landscapes and uneven energy distributions in active matter and hold implications for refining swarm intelligence algorithms, enhancing crowd management techniques, and tailoring colloidal self-assembly.
Observation and enhancement of room temperature bilinear magnetoelectric resistance in sputtered topological semimetal Pt3Sn
Authors: Fan Yihong , Cresswell Zach , Yang Yifei , Jiang Wei , Lv Yang , Peterson Thomas J. , Zhang Delin , Liu Jinming , Low Tony , Wang Jian-Ping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTopological semimetal materials have attracted a great deal of attention due to their intrinsic strong spin-orbit coupling, which leads to large charge-to-spin conversion efficiency and novel spin transport behaviors. In this work, we have observed a bilinear magnetoelectric resistance (BMER) of up to 0.0034 nm2A−1Oe−1 in a single layer of sputtered semimetal Pt3Sn at room temperature. Being different from previous works, the value of BMER in sputtered Pt3Sn does not change out-of-plane due to the polycrystalline nature of the Pt3Sn layer. The observation of BMER provides strong evidence of the existence of spin-momentum locking in the sputtered polycrystalline Pt3Sn. By adding an adjacent CoFeB magnetic layer, the BMER value of this bilayer system is doubled compared to the single Pt3Sn layer. This work broadens the material system in BMER study, which paves the way for the characterization of topological states and applications for spin memory and logic devices.
Crystal growth and spectral properties of Tm, Ho : CaGdAlO4 crystal
Authors: Wu Kaijin , Fu Xiuwei , Hao Yuankai , Hu Qiangqiang , Li Yang , Jia Zhitai , Tao Xutang 
Published: July 2024

Tm, Ho : CaGdAlO4 disordered crystal was grown using the Czochralski method. Ultra-wide emission spectra (264 nm FWHM) near 2 μm were achieved successfully by modulating the emission intensity of Tm/Ho co-doped ions.
Neues zur Behandlung von Gliomen
Authors: Lazaridis Lazaros , Seliger Corinna 
Published: July 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Gegenstand und Ziel Gliome sind die häufigsten hirneigenen Tumore bei Erwachsenen. Traditionellerweise erfolgte die Klassifikation nach histomorphologischen Kriterien. Im Update der Klassifikation der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) für Tumoren des Zentralnervensystems (ZNS) von 2021 haben molekulare Marker eine noch stärkere Bedeutung für die Einteilung/Diagnose und Behandlung von Gliomen gewonnen.
Material und Methoden Aktuelle Empfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologie, der European Association of Neuro-Oncology sowie der nordamerikanischen Society for Neuro-Oncology sind systematisch ausgewertet und synoptisch zusammengetragen worden.
Ergebnisse Neue Entitäten von Gliomen sind definiert worden. Neue Studiendaten sind verfügbar, insbesondere für die Behandlung von Tumoren mit einer Mutation der Isozitrat-Dehydrogenase (IDH). Derzeit untersuchen internationale Studien mögliche neue Therapieansätze.
Schlussfolgerungen Die nachfolgende Übersicht stellt ausgewählte Aspekte der aktuellen multimodalen Behandlung von Gliomen beim Erwachsenen und vielversprechende innovative Ansätze künftiger Entwicklungen heraus.
Wrist Arthrodesis with Double Ulna Intussusception for Failed Wrist Arthroplasty
Authors: Sullivan Mikaela H. , Meaike Joshua J. , Elhassan Bassem T. , Kakar Sanjeev 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background Salvage procedures for failed total wrist arthroplasty have variable results and limitations such as donor site morbidity, malunion, delayed or nonunion. We present a case of substantial bone loss after failed wrist arthroplasty and a surgical technique in which the distal ulna is transferred and intussuscepted to achieve union between the residual distal radius and metacarpals.
Case Description A 48-year-old female with rheumatoid arthritis presented with wrist prosthetic joint infection 16 years after total wrist arthroplasty. With extensive bone loss following implant removal and multiple debridements, the remaining distal ulna was resected and intussuscepted between the residual radius and second and third metacarpals. The patient achieved incorporation of the graft at 12 weeks and fusion at 20 weeks, with resolution of pain and restoration of digit function at 2 years.
Literature Review Standard means of wrist arthrodesis utilizing iliac crest autograft and femoral head allograft may be limited to address substantial bone loss following total wrist implant removal. Intussusception has been utilized in the elbow, hip, and diaphysis to optimize graft–host bone contact and achieve union. While ulna-utilizing procedures have been described for oncologic and traumatic indications, to our knowledge, double intussusception has not been described for salvage procedures after failed wrist arthroplasty.
Clinical Relevance Intussuscepting the distal ulna within the distal radius and metacarpals as an interpositional arthrodesis provides autologous graft, increased surface contact, and length restoration in cases of poor bone quality and significant bone loss following revision of a total wrist implant.