bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyaspartic calcium improved soil quality and altered nitrification process in saline‐sodic paddy soils
Authors: Meng Yunshan , Wu Zeen , Wei Zhe , Meng Deyao , Ren Xueqin , Tao Shuming , Feng Haojie , Hu Shuwen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSaline‐sodic paddy soils in the Songnen Plain suffer from nitrogen loss due to nitrification. The purpose of the study is to explore soil saline improvement and nitrification mitigation effects of polyaspartic calcium (PASP‐Ca) by evaluating changes of soil quality, nitrification, and microbial communities. Four PASP‐Ca application treatments (additions of 0, 500, 1000, and 1500 kg hm−2) were studied in an experiment in saline‐sodic paddy soils of the Songnen Plain, China. Results showed that PASP‐Ca application significantly decreased soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and water‐soluble salt ions, and significantly increased soil total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), urease activity (UA), and sucrase activity (SA). PASP‐Ca application significantly slowed down soil nitrification, which was manifested in a significant increase in ammonium nitrogen () and a significant decrease in nitrate nitrogen () and ammonia monooxygenase activity (AMO). The composition and distribution of soil nitrifying microbial communities were affected by soil salinity, nutrient, and enzyme activities. Ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB) plays an important role in the nitrification process of saline‐sodic paddy soils, while PASP‐Ca application significantly inhibited nitrification by suppressing AOB amoA gene abundance. This study shows that PASP‐Ca, as an effective amendment, can improve soil salinization and slow down nitrification, which has an important role and significance in improving nitrogen utilization and reducing nitrogen loss of saline‐sodic soils.
Coexistence of low body mass index and poor oral health negatively affects activities of daily living, swallowing, and cognition after stroke
Authors: Yoshimura Yoshihiro , Wakabayashi Hidetaka , Nagano Fumihiko , Matsumoto Ayaka , Shimazu Sayuri , Shiraishi Ai , Kido Yoshifumi , Bise Takahiro , Hamada Takenori , Yoneda Kouki 
Published: August 2024

AimLow body mass index (BMI) and poor oral health are prevalent among older stroke patients and associated with adverse outcomes. However, their combined impact on functional recovery after stroke remains unclear. This study investigated the synergistic effects of low BMI and poor oral health on activities of daily living (ADL) independence, swallowing function, and cognitive status in post‐stroke older patients.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on 708 hospitalized post‐stroke patients aged ≥70 years. Low BMI was defined as <20 kg/m2, and poor oral health was assessed using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG) with a score ≥13 indicating oral problems. The primary outcome was ADL independence (Functional Independence Measure‐motor score >78) at discharge. Secondary outcomes included swallowing level (Food Intake Level Scale) and cognitive status (Functional Independence Measure‐cognition score). Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of low BMI, poor oral health, and their combination with outcomes of interest.ResultsThe coexistence of low BMI and poor oral health was independently associated with lower odds of achieving ADL independence (odds ratio 0.130, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.023–0.718), worse swallowing level (B = −0.878, 95% CI −1.280 to −0.476), and poorer cognitive status (B = −1.872, 95% CI −2.960 to −0.784) at discharge, after adjusting for confounders. The combined impact was stronger than either condition alone.ConclusionsThe coexistence of low BMI and poor oral health exerts a synergistic negative impact on functional recovery in older stroke inpatients. Comprehensive interventions integrating nutritional support, oral management, and rehabilitation are crucial to optimizing outcomes in this vulnerable population. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 00: 000–000. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; ••: ••–••.
Macroporous high‐entropy spinel oxide monoliths as efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalyst
Authors: Ouyang Xin , Zhang Zhizhen , Qin Tengteng , Pei Zhen , Guo Xingzhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, macroporous high‐entropy spinel oxide (HESO) (Fe0.2Ni0.2Co0.2Mn0.2Zn0.2)3O4 monoliths were successfully fabricated via a sol–gel method followed by calcination. Appropriate polyacrylic acid and propylene oxide contents allow the formation of three‐dimensional co‐continuous xerogel monoliths, and the water/glycerol ratio controls the macropore size of monoliths. Subsequent calcination achieves the precipitation of HESO (Fe0.2Ni0.2Co0.2Mn0.2Zn0.2)3O4 with a singular phase and exceptional structural stability. The macroporous HESO (Fe0.2Ni0.2Co0.2Mn0.2Zn0.2)3O4 demonstrates remarkable performance in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with an overpotential of 333 mV at 100 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 43.2 mV dec–1, surpassing that of RuO2 (391 mV) under identical conditions. Furthermore, the catalytic stability of the HESO catalyst remains superior even after 24 h of testing. This process offers a promising avenue for the development of macroporous high‐entropy oxide OER catalysts for overall water splitting.
Advanced thermoelectric performance of a textured ceramic composite: Encapsulation of NaxCoO2 into a triple‐phase matrix
Authors: Kruppa Katharina , Hennig Tobias , Escobar Cano Giamper , Möckelmann Jytte , Feldhoff Armin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSodium cobaltite (NaxCoO2) is one of the most renowned and thermoelectrically promising p‐type cobalt oxide materials, showing exceptional performance in this domain. Nonetheless, its thermal instability in air renders it unsuitable for high‐temperature applications such as energy harvesting from industrial waste heat. To utilize the beneficial properties of NaxCoO2, microscale NaxCoO2 template particles of significantly larger size were effectively embedded within a thermally stable Ca3Co4−yO9+δ–NaxCoO2–Bi2Ca2Co2O9 triple‐phase matrix. This approach additionally aimed to enhance the texture and boost the thermoelectric performance of the ceramic composite. Highly textured p‐type ceramic composites were fabricated via uniaxial cold‐pressing and pressureless sintering in air. The unique hexagonal NaxCoO2 template particles, produced through molten‐flux synthesis, allowed precise control over their shape and dimensions, while the matrix was synthesized via a sol–gel synthesis. The integrated NaxCoO2 particles of the textured composite exhibited increased thermal stability, showing no sign of decomposition at 1173 K in air, whereas the sole template particles decomposed at 1073 K during sintering. A 20 wt% template particle content in the textured composites resulted in a remarkably high and nearly temperature‐independent power factor of 8.8 µW cm−1 K2, corresponding to an improvement of 13% compared to that of the pure matrix material.
Genetic parameters, genomic prediction, and identification of regulatory regions located on chromosome 14 for weight traits in Nellore cattle
Authors: Teodoro Miller , Maiorano Amanda Marchi , Campos Gabriel Soares , de Albuquerque Lúcia Galvão , de Oliveira Henrique Nunes 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate functional variants in chromosome 14 (BTA14) and its impact in genomic selection for birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), and yearling weight (YW) in Nellore cattle. Genetic parameter estimation and the weighted single‐step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (WssGBLUP) analyses were performed. Direct additive heritability estimates were high for WW and YW, and moderate for BW. Trait‐associated variants distributed across multiple regions on BTA14 were observed in the weighted single‐step genome‐wide association studies (WssGWAS) results, implying a polygenic genetic architecture for weight in different ages. Several genes have been found in association with the weight traits, including the CUB And Sushi multiple domains 3 (CSMD3), thyroglobulin (TG), and diacylglycerol O‐acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) genes. The variance explained per SNP was higher in six functional classes of gene regulatory regions (5UTR, CpG islands, downstream, upstream, long non‐coding RNA, and transcription factor binding sites (TFBS)), highlighting their importance for weight traits in Nellore cattle. A marginal increase in accuracy was observed when the selected functional variants (SV) information was considered in the WssGBLUP method, probably because of the small number of SV available on BTA14. The identified genes, pathways, and functions contribute to a better understanding of the genetic and physiological mechanisms regulating weight traits in the Nellore breed.
Interpopulation variation in dispersal behavior of fat minnow Rhynchocypris oxycephalus jouyi juveniles inhabiting fragmented habitats
Authors: Yamada Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn many organisms, including fishes, downstream dispersal is often phenotype‐dependent. Phenotype‐dependent downstream dispersal can generate evolutionary pressure via spatial sorting, which non‐randomly removes phenotypes enhancing downstream dispersal from upstream populations. Spatial sorting due to downstream dispersal could accumulate in fish populations in above‐barrier habitats to which dispersed individuals cannot return, resulting in functional traits that reduce downstream dispersal. This evolutionary mechanism may be more important in smaller above‐barrier habitats where downstream emigration occurs over shorter dispersal distances. This study observed the dispersal behavior of fat minnow Rhynchocypris oxycephalus jouyi juveniles in an experimental tank to examine whether juveniles from small above‐barrier habitats show more behaviors favorable for reducing downstream dispersal than those from large above‐barrier habitats. Juveniles from small above‐barrier habitats avoided downstream dispersal for longer durations than those from large above‐barrier habitats, but there was no difference in the frequency of ascending attempts. These results support the notion that behavioral traits of juveniles in small above‐barrier populations have been refined by spatial sorting to reduce downstream dispersal. The finding that interpopulation variation in dispersal behavior occurred only for certain dispersal directions implies that the behavioral consequences of habitat fragmentation are more complex than previously assumed.
Nurses during war: Profiles‐based risk and protective factors
Authors: Hamama Liat , Amit Inbal , Itzhaki Michal 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionNurses in southern Israel's public hospitals were exposed to unusual traumatic events following the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel, and the ensuing Swords of Iron War. This study aimed to clarify the complexity of wartime nursing by identifying profiles based on risk factors (i.e., psychological distress and adjustment disorders) and protective factors (i.e., positive affect (PA), resilience, and perceived social support [PSS]).DesignThis study utilizes a cross‐sectional design.MethodTwo hundred nurses at a major public hospital in southern Israel completed self‐report questionnaires. A latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify distinct profiles based on nurses' risk and protective factors. Differences in profiles were examined alongside sociodemographic and occupational variables and traumatic event exposure. The LPA was conducted using MPlus 8.8 Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) software.FindingsTwo distinct profiles were identified: “reactive” and “resilient.” The “reactive” group included nurses who had higher risk factor scores (psychological distress and adjustment disorder), whereas the “resilient” group included nurses who had higher protective factor scores (PA, resilience, and PSS). Furthermore, nurses in the “reactive” group were younger, with greater seniority, worse self‐rated health, and a higher frequency of kidnapped family members compared to nurses from the “resilient” group.ConclusionNurses in wartime are at risk if identified as “reactive.” Identifying these profiles can assist in developing effective support practices to help nurses cope with wartime challenges and maintain their mental well‐being.Clinical RelevanceHealthcare organizations should tailor interventions to prepare and support nurses of various ages and experience levels, during and after conflicts. This approach aims to reduce risk factors and promote protective factors among nurses during wartime.
Teachers and Counselors Talk: The Psychological Impact of COVID‐19 School Closures on Secondary School Students
Authors: Saadat Mehr Reza , Karimian Aram , Abdullahzadeh Mehrdad , Bakhshian Fereshteh 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic significantly impacted students' education, mental health, and social well‐being. Our research explores the experiences and perceptions of teachers and counselors of the psychological impact of COVID‐19 school closures on secondary school students after returning to school.MethodsIn this qualitative study, 21 teachers and counselors in Iran were purposefully involved and interviewed in‐depth using a semi‐structured format. The data was analyzed using Van Manen's 6‐step phenomenological method, and Lincoln and Guba's criteria were implemented to maintain accuracy and trustworthiness.ResultsWe have identified 15 categories and 6 themes. These themes encompass issues such as low self‐esteem due to emotional or psychological damage, instability within schools, challenges faced by students with family problems, lack of motivation and patience among students, frustration experienced by students, and emotional detachment.Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and EquityTo effectively guide and educate students, teachers and counselors must prioritize the psychological well‐being of students absent from school due to illness or pandemics. They must also take adequate measures to address any arising psychological complications.ConclusionTeachers and counselors must recognize and consider the psychological consequences of students absent; this will help develop effective measures to address and alleviate psychological complications.
Beyoncé's “break my soul”: An anthem of courage, resistance, peace, and community
Authors: Lester Neal A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn 2023, Beyoncé became the artist with the most Grammys in music history. Her dance track, “Break My Soul,” from her Renaissance album,* is a radical statement about community and self‐affirmation grounded in Black and queer cultural specificity. This article explores “Break My Soul” as an anthem of uplift, advice, and unity that offers hope and reprieve to a world emerging from a global pandemic and a “racial reckoning” galvanized by Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin's murder of George Floyd.
Economic freedom and the quality of education
Authors: Feldmann Horst 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper finds robust evidence that economic freedom improves the quality of education. This is probably mainly because economic freedom incentivizes parents to invest in high‐quality education for their children and helps them to do so. It also incentivizes and helps both governments and private providers to deliver high‐quality education. The paper uses two different indicators of educational quality: PISA scores and the World Bank's harmonized test scores. The magnitudes of the estimated effects of economic freedom on both indicators are substantial. They are even larger once the indirect impact of economic freedom via GDP per capita and, to a lesser extent, once the indirect impact via government education expenditure is taken into account. The paper uses data on up to 49 countries for PISA scores and up to 137 countries for World Bank scores. It accounts for the endogeneity of economic freedom and controls for all major determinants of educational quality.
Vascular Function and Ion Channels in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Taylor Jade L. , Martin‐Aragon Baudel Miguel , Nieves‐Cintron Madeline , Navedo Manuel F. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis review paper explores the critical role of vascular ion channels in the regulation of cerebral artery function and examines the impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD) on these processes. Vascular ion channels are fundamental in controlling vascular tone, blood flow, and endothelial function in cerebral arteries. Dysfunction of these channels can lead to impaired cerebral autoregulation, contributing to cerebrovascular pathologies. AD, characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, has been increasingly linked to vascular abnormalities, including altered vascular ion channel activity. Here, we briefly review the role of vascular ion channels in cerebral blood flow control and neurovascular coupling. We then examine the vascular defects in AD, the current understanding of how AD pathology affects vascular ion channel function, and how these changes may lead to compromised cerebral blood flow and neurodegenerative processes. Finally, we provide future perspectives and conclusions. Understanding this topic is important as ion channels may be potential therapeutic targets for improving cerebrovascular health and mitigating AD progression.
Human centered design for applied anthropology
Authors: Carnes Mary , VandenBroek Angela , Brunson Emily K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this article, we highlight a partnership between CommuniVax and a human‐centered design firm (Bridgeable) that resulted in CommuniVaxCHAT—an online toolkit capable of engaging community members and translating their experiences and local knowledge in a way that decision‐makers, including mayors and public health directors, can act upon. In addition to considering the process involved in creating CommuniVaxCHAT, and its associate practicalities, we examine how human‐centered design, and more particularly personas and journeys, can act as boundary objects to facilitate engagement between groups and create interventions or policy. In this way, we argue that HCD can be used similarly to PhotoVoice as a tool to introduce ethnographic insights into applied and participatory contexts.
A call to action [plans] for cyclic vomiting syndrome
Authors: Rosen John M. , Reeves Patrick T. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disorder of gut‐brain interaction which has a wide clinical spectrum. Clinical action plans have been developed to address and to facilitate treatment in the setting of complex, chronic medical conditions. The CVS Action Plan was developed to meet the chronic and acute care needs of children and adults with CVS. While this tool has not been tested for clinical efficacy as was shown with action plans for functional constipation, anecdotal and indirect evidence supports its use. The CVS Action Plan has the potential to enhance outcomes by simplifying home management and streamlining disease recognition and acute care in the emergency department.
Methyltransferase ATMETTL5 writes m6A on 18S ribosomal RNA to regulate translation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Song Peizhe , Tian Enlin , Cai Zhihe , Chen Xu , Chen Shuyan , Yu Kemiao , Bian Hanxiao , He Kai , Jia Guifang 
Published: August 2024

Summary

Aberrant RNA modifications can lead to dysregulated gene expression and impeded growth in plants. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) constitutes a substantial portion of total RNA, while the precise functions and molecular mechanisms underlying rRNA modifications in plants remain largely elusive.

Here, we elucidated the exclusive occurrence of the canonical RNA modification N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) solely 18S rRNA, but not 25S rRNA. We identified a completely uncharacterized protein, ATMETTL5, as an Arabidopsis m6A methyltransferase responsible for installing m6A methylation at the 1771 site of the 18S rRNA. ATMETTL5 is ubiquitously expressed and localized in both nucleus and cytoplasm, mediating rRNA m6A methylation.

Mechanistically, the loss of ATMETTL5‐mediated methylation results in attenuated translation. Furthermore, we uncovered the role of ATMETTL5‐mediated methylation in coordinating blue light‐mediated hypocotyl growth by regulating the translation of blue light‐related messenger RNAs (mRNAs), specifically HYH and PRR9.

Our findings provide mechanistic insights into how rRNA modification regulates ribosome function in mRNA translation and the response to blue light, thereby advancing our understanding of the role of epigenetic modifications in precisely regulating mRNA translation in plants.
Analysis of Failed Atlantoaxial Reduction: Causes of Failure and Strategies for Revision
Authors: Zhang Boyan , Du Yueqi , Zhang Can , Qi Maoyang , Meng Hongfeng , Jin Tianyu , Cui Guoqing , Guan Jian , Duan Wanru , Chen Zan 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe craniovertebral junction (CVJ) presents intricate anatomical challenges. In severe or irreducible malformations, complications such as reduction loss and fixation failure may occur, necessitating revision surgery. The posterior facet joint distraction and fusion (PFDF) technique, offers a solely posterior approach for revisions. Hence, we delineate varied revision scenarios, proposing surgical strategies and technical details to enhance outcomes and mitigate risks, thereby enriching the neurosurgical community's repertoire.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study, analyzed patient data from Xuanwu Hospital, between 2017 to 2023. All patients had a history of surgical treatment for CVJ malformations, and experienced failure or loss of reduction. The distance from the odontoid process tip to the Chamberlain's line (DCL), the atlantodental interval (ADI), clivus‐canal angle, cervicomedullary angle, width of subarachnoid space, CVJ area, and width of syrinx were used for radiographic assessment. Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores and SF‐12 scores were used for clinical assessment. Independent sample t‐tests were employed. A significance level of p < 0.05 indicates statistically significant differences.ResultsWe analyzed data from 35 patients. For patients who underwent PFDF, the postoperative DCL, ADI, and clivus‐canal angle significantly improved. For all patients, the postoperative cervicomedullary angle, width of subarachnoid space, CVJ area, and width of syrinx all demonstrated significant improvement, indicating the relief of neural compression. All patients showed significant improvement in both symptoms and clinical assessments.ConclusionSevere atlantoaxial joint locking or ligament contracting are the fundamental cause of reduction and fixation failure. Anterior odontoidectomy is indicated for patients with robust bony fusion of the atlantoaxial joint in an unreduced position. The PFDF technique is safe and effective for patients with incomplete atlantoaxial bony fusion. Preoperative assessment of surgical feasibility and vertebral artery status ensures surgical safety and efficacy.