bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainability-oriented targets in executive compensation – symbolic measures or significant catalyst for a sustainable transition?
Authors: Hofer Alexander , Aschauer Ewald , Velte Patrick 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This study aims to analyse the motivations and underlying assumptions of decision makers driving the adoption of sustainability-oriented targets in executive compensation (SCTs) to better understand SCTs’ impact on sustainability performance.

Design/methodology/approach
Through a qualitative approach, 15 in-depth interviews are conducted in a two-tier governance setting. Participants include management and supervisory board members, compensation consultants and other stakeholders involved in proxy voting.

Findings
SCT implementation is primarily determined by meeting shareholders’ expectations rather than those of other stakeholders. Decision makers react in a differentiated way to increased expectations by implementing either primarily symbolic or substantive measures and encounter different implementation challenges like insufficient data quality and a lack of experience within supervisory boards, both of which potentially contribute to decoupling.

Research limitations/implications
The study offers valuable insights for companies in designing SCTs and emphasises the significance of addressing decoupling to effectively enhance sustainability performance through SCTs and provides a foundation for future studies aimed at analysing this phenomenon.

Originality/value
Using a neo-institutional theory lens, this study marks one of the first interview-based investigations to distinguish between symbolic and substantial SCTs. It delves deeply into the role of decoupling and the associated challenges, offering fresh perspectives within the under-researched framework of a two-tier corporate governance structure. Moreover, this study aims to meticulously capture the real-world design practices and implementation processes of SCTs through experts, an aspect that was emphasised as a limitation in previous studies.
Supplier connectivity: a study on how to gain supplier acceptance for the integration of digital supply chain systems
Authors: Kalesh Shikha , Kiratli-Schneider Nadine , Schiele Holger 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to explore factors influencing suppliers' acceptance, integration challenges, expected benefits and support from customers when implementing a customer-introduced digital supply chain system.

Design/methodology/approach
The study investigates the perspective of suppliers using a mixed methodology approach that combines qualitative interviews with a large-scale quantitative survey conducted among 220 internationally located suppliers of an automotive-industrial firm.

Findings
As a result, the authors identified 11 factors that drive suppliers' acceptance of customer-introduced digital supply chain systems. These factors have been ranked based on their importance. The top three important factors identified were the digital system being provided at no cost to the suppliers, the system's ability to save time and the system offering benefits to the suppliers.

Research limitations/implications
Further research can be conducted to validate the perspective of suppliers in other industries. Additionally, future studies can investigate the effectiveness of fulfilling these acceptance factors within an actual digital integration setup.

Practical implications
Companies can leverage these insights to accelerate their digital supply chain integration efforts. The insights on acceptance factors, challenges, benefits and support expected by suppliers can serve as a valuable guide for policy and decision makers within the industry.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first to investigate the perspective of suppliers in the integration of a customer's digital supply chain. By including the supplier's perspective, this study makes a significant contribution to the academic literature about supply chain digitalisation.
Is it all about size? Dismantling the integrated phenotype to understand species coexistence and niche segregation
Authors: Reyes‐Puig Carolina , Enriquez‐Urzelai Urtzi , Carretero Miguel A. , Kaliontzopoulou Antigoni 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Niche segregation is a mechanism by which competition between coexisting species is reduced. The ecological niche is a multidimensional space shaped by the conditions and resources that enable the existence of species.

We conducted comprehensive univariate and multidimensional analyses of phenotypic traits encompassing morphology, functional performance and ecophysiology, to investigate which phenotypic traits contribute to niche segregation and overlap in two coexisting green lizard species.

Our analyses revealed that the main driver of niche segregation was body size. However, when considering size‐corrected phenotypic spaces, ecophysiological traits were still distinct, with little overlap between co‐occurring species. Such differentiation was linked mainly to preferred temperature variance and water loss, highlighting the importance of thermal and hydric niche segregation.

Some particular traits such as limb length also contributed to niche segregation being maintained in the morphological space, even when the effect of size was accounted for. Instead, the phenotypic space of functional performance traits (i.e. bite force, locomotor performance) showed the greatest overlap between the two species, thus, less niche segregation was observed, once size effects were removed. Therefore, functional performance traits contribute in a minor proportion to the effective niche segregation between the two species. In light of our results, the most adequate perspective to understand niche segregation in coexisting species is through a multidimensional approach in differentiated phenotypic spaces. Our dismantling of phenotypic traits allowed us to identify niche areas in which trait overlap occurs and others that promote niche segregation, considering or not size effects.

Our results suggest that differential use of structural and functional niche space promotes effective niche segregation, potentially reducing direct competition between species. We highlight the importance of studies that include the combination of several phenotypic traits that, as a whole, provide insights to better understand the mechanisms by which coexisting organisms exploit differentiated resources in multidimensional spaces.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Wave attenuation by intertidal vegetation is mediated by trade‐offs between shoot‐ and canopy‐scale plant traits
Authors: Schoutens Ken , Silinski Alexandra , Belliard Jean‐Philippe , Bouma Tjeerd J. , Temmerman Stijn , Schoelynck Jonas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Nature‐based solutions, through conservation or (re)creation of vegetated shorelines, are recognized to mitigate the impact of waves and erosion risks on shorelines. Wave attenuation is known to be dependent on plant traits, resulting in increasing wave attenuation rates with increasing shoot density, shoot thickness, height, and stiffness. However, following the allometric scaling theory, we hypothesize that increasing shoot density (a canopy‐scale trait) may be associated with decreasing shoot thickness and stiffness (a shoot‐scale trait), with potential opposing effects on overall wave attenuation.

This study investigates (1) the presence of such allometric relations across intertidal shore plant species via existing literature and (2) the trade‐off effects on the overall wave attenuation capacity of shore vegetation through a flume experiment.

Our results reveal for the first time the presence of allometric relationships between shoot‐scale and canopy‐scale plant properties in perennial intertidal plant species. Across different species, increasing shoot densities are indeed associated with decreasing shoot thickness and shoot stiffness.

Next, we performed a wave flume experiment with plant mimics, showing that wave attenuation rate follows a logarithmic increase with increasing shoot density, even though the increasing shoot density was associated with thinner and more flexible individual shoots.

Synthesis and applications. We conclude that wave attenuation is predominantly governed by canopy‐scale properties, but a trade‐off with shoot‐scale properties mediates the overall wave attenuation capacity of the vegetated shore. Our findings imply that nature‐based projects (re‐)creating vegetated shorelines should account for potential trade‐off effects of species‐specific plant traits at the canopy scale and individual shoot scale.
Grassland nature reserves safeguard a high species richness and biomass of grasshoppers
Authors: Poniatowski Dominik , Weißgräber Valentina , Drung Marco , Freienstein Felix Maximilian , Kettermann Marcel , Scherer Gwydion , Fartmann Thomas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In the course of land‐use change, especially since the mid‐20th century, the area of semi‐natural (unimproved) grasslands has dramatically decreased. One way to counteract this process is to designate nature reserves. However, the effectiveness of nature reserves is controversial.

The aim of our study was to evaluate the environmental drivers of species richness and biomass of Orthoptera (hereinafter termed ‘grasshoppers’) in grasslands inside nature reserves and within the intensively used agriculture landscape (hereinafter termed ‘wider countryside’). For this purpose, we sampled the grasshoppers at the landscape scale in 45 randomly selected plots. Each plot had a size of 5 ha. The abundance of grasshoppers, as a basis for the biomass calculation, was recorded at the habitat scale in 20 meadow patches (500 m2 each). In addition, various environmental parameters such as habitat diversity, mowing intensity and vegetation structure were determined at the landscape and habitat scale.

Our results illustrate the importance of nature reserves for the conservation of grasshoppers. Control plots in the wider countryside harboured fewer species than plots within nature reserves. The differences were even clearer among threatened species. On average, plots in nature reserves had almost twice as many threatened species than control plots in the wider countryside. The comparison revealed similar patterns at the habitat scale: both the number of species and biomass were higher in nature reserves. At the landscape scale, number of species were best explained by the amount of wet grassland and habitat diversity. We identified mowing intensity and to a lower extend the degree of drainage as the key drivers of species richness and biomass at the habitat scale.

Synthesis and applications: To preserve biodiversity in nature reserves, we recommend (i) leaving uncut refuges during mowing and (ii) blocking drainage to stabilise the water level. Both measures contribute to a high species number and abundance of grasshoppers and many other insects. An effective conservation measure to promote species richness in the wider countryside would be to increase habitat diversity. This can be done by creating or restoring fallow islands, field margins, fringes and hedgerows.
Daily change of peritoneal ultrafiltration volume in patients with hybrid dialysis
Authors: Toda Naohiro , Komiya Toshiyuki , Ishii Akira , Mori Keita P. , Sugitani Seita , Yanagita Motoko , Yokoi Hideki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionHybrid dialysis is widely used in Japan. Although previous reports have shown the beneficial effects of hybrid dialysis, little is known about the daily change in peritoneal ultrafiltration volume in hybrid dialysis.MethodsA multicenter, cross‐sectional study was conducted in 25 patients with hybrid dialysis. The primary outcome measure was the change in peritoneal ultrafiltration volume between after HD and before HD, according to PD prescription and PD holiday. The secondary outcome measure was the correlation between the difference in ultrafiltration volume and each factor.ResultsThe total ultrafiltration volume and the ultrafiltration volume of glucose dialysate after HD increased from 970 ± 408 to 1151 ± 480 (p < 0.01) and from 576 ± 392 to 750 ± 517 (p < 0.01), respectively, compared with before HD. In contrast, the ultrafiltration volume of icodextrin dialysate did not change (from 470 ± 204 to 494 ± 242, p = 0.40). The difference in total ultrafiltration volume was correlated with the difference in glucose dialysate ultrafiltration volume and hybrid duration, but not with the difference in icodextrin dialysate ultrafiltration volume and peritoneal dialysis duration.ConclusionThis study showed that the peritoneal ultrafiltration volume for glucose dialysate increased after HD compared with before HD in patients with hybrid dialysis, whereas that for icodextrin dialysate did not change.
An economic evaluation on sub‐optimal breastfeeding in Hong Kong: Infant health outcomes and costs
Authors: Hui Lai Ling , Liao Emily , Yeung Karene Hoi Ting , Wong Carlos K. H. , Loganathan Tharani , Nelson Edmund Anthony S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimThis study estimated the healthcare cost savings for the government due to the prevention of gastroenteritis (GE) infections and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in the first year of life, attributed to an increase in the exclusive breastfeeding rate at 4 months in Hong Kong.MethodsThe model used the best available data inputs, with uncertainty considered using probabilistic sensitivity analysis. We additionally assessed the impact of neonatal jaundice (NNJ) on the economic benefits of increasing exclusive breastfeeding rates.ResultsDuring 2010–2019, five admissions for GE and three admissions for LRTI per 1000 births would have been prevented in the first year of life if the exclusive breastfeeding rate at 4 months increased from the actual levels (~15–30%) to 50%, resulting in annual healthcare cost savings of USD1.05 (95% CI 1.03–1.07) million/year. The cost saving would reach USD1.89 (95% CI 1.86–1.92) million/year if the exclusive breastfeeding rate at 4 months increase to 70%. However, if higher NNJ admissions during 7–90 days related to more exclusive breastfeeding are considered, the cost saving would reduce by 60%.ConclusionOur findings can guide policymakers in allocating budget and resources for breastfeeding promotion in Hong Kong. The prevention of unnecessary NNJ admissions would maximise the economic benefits of exclusive breastfeeding at 4 months.
Crafting for autonomy, competence, and relatedness: A self‐determination theory model of need crafting at work
Authors: Olafsen Anja H. , Marescaux Baptiste P. C. , Kujanpää Miika 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith the purpose of extending job crafting theory, the current article outlines a comprehensive conceptual model of work‐related need crafting grounded in self‐determination theory—the Self‐Determination Theory Model of Need Crafting at Work. Specifically, by taking as our basis the three basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, we introduce the concept of work‐related need crafting and outline its underlying cognitive and behavioral components. We also theorize how cognitive and behavioral forms of need crafting are related and how cognitive and behavioral need crafting foster well‐being and optimal functioning by enhancing need satisfaction and reducing need frustration. Finally, we outline a reciprocal relation between need crafting practices and the experience of basic psychological needs, and thereby depict how need crafting and basic psychological needs develop over time. In sum, the Self‐determination Theory Model of Need Crafting at Work provides a theory‐based framework relevant for covering a wide breadth of different need crafting practices that have the potential to significantly advance future research on job crafting for the benefit of both employees and organizations.
Letter: Algorithmic NIT approaches to identify advanced liver fibrosis in patients with MASLD
Authors: Wang Jian , Pan Yifan , Xiong Ye , Wu Chao , Huang Rui 
Published: August 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to McPherson et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18061 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18215
Comparison of perioperative bleeding risk between direct oral anticoagulants in transurethral resection of prostate
Authors: Kuo Lu Yu , Kuo Jenny , Silverman Joshua , Kim Jason Jae Yeun , Letch Caitlin , McClintock Scott 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the perioperative morbidity and mortality associated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and warfarin for patients receiving transurethral resection of prostate (TURP).Patients and MethodsThis was a single‐centre, retrospective cohort analysis of patients who underwent TURP for benign prostate hyperplasia from April 2019 to December 2023. The primary objective was to evaluate the perioperative bleeding and thromboembolic risk between anticoagulated (AC) vs no‐AC patients. The secondary objective was to evaluate perioperative bleeding and thromboembolic risk between different formulations of DOACs. Patient demographics, prior treatment, prostate size, baseline bleeding risk, and operative details were collected. Bleeding and thromboembolic‐related morbidity were captured within a 3‐month postoperative period. Perioperative management of AC therapy was recorded, and all patients had their AC therapy withheld. Cohort characteristic between the AC vs no‐AC, and DOAC groups were analysed with two‐sided t‐test, and chi‐square test. Further logistic regression analyses were carried out to identified significant variables between the groups. These significant variables were used for adjustment in inverse probability‐weighted treatment effect analysis to evaluate bleeding risk.ResultsThere were 629 patients in the cohort, and 113 (18%) patients were receiving AC therapy. The AC patients were at 1.6 times statistically significant increased risk of acute bleeding, and 11 times increased risk of prolonged haematuria for >14 days. When compared to apixaban, patients on rivaroxaban conferred a statistically significant increased risk of acute bleeding by 2.21 times. Patients receiving AC therapy had a statistically significant increased risk of stroke in the perioperative setting (no‐AC vs AC: 0.4% vs 2.7%, P = 0.01).ConclusionThis is the first study to evaluate risk of bleeding for TURP patients receiving DOACs. The AC patients are more likely to experience haematuria and stroke in the perioperative period despite withholding therapy. Apixaban appears to cause less bleeding‐related complications than rivaroxaban.
A case of NONO::TFE3 cutaneous epithelioid and spindle cell tumor with local recurrence after complete excision
Authors: Durgin Joseph S. , Smith Emily H. , Harms Paul W. , Brown Noah A. , Chan May P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMesenchymal tumors may display morphologic and immunohistochemical overlap with melanocytic tumors, presenting a pitfall for misdiagnosis. We report a 62‐year‐old woman who presented with a recurrent dermal and subcutaneous tumor over the Achilles tendon 15 years following complete excision. Both the primary and the recurrent tumors were characterized by nests and sheets of epithelioid and spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and uniform ovoid nuclei. The tumor was positive for S100, SOX10, HMB45, cathepsin K, and p63 (weak), while negative for Melan‐A, MiTF, smooth muscle actin, and desmin. Gene fusion analysis of the recurrent tumor revealed a NONO::TFE3 fusion which has been recently reported in two similar cutaneous cases. Our case highlights the potential of a NONO::TFE3 cutaneous epithelioid and spindle cell tumor to recur after a prolonged disease‐free interval without evidence of high‐grade transformation or distant metastasis. Our findings support its classification as a cutaneous mesenchymal neoplasm of intermediate malignancy.
Effect of combining aminomethacrylate and fluoride against erosive and abrasive challenges on enamel and dentin
Authors: Augusto Marina Gullo , da Silva Luis Felipe Oliveira , Lotto Giovanna , Santos Tamires Maria de Andrade , Aoki Idalina Vieira , Torres Carlos Rocha Gomes , Scaramucci Tais , Borges Alessandra Bühler 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of solutions containing aminomethacrylate copolymer (AA) and sodium fluoride (F; 225 ppm F−) or fluoride plus stannous chloride (FSn; 225 ppm F−, 800 ppm Sn2+) against enamel and dentin erosion/abrasion. Solutions F, FSn, AA, F+AA, FSn+AA, and deionized water as negative control were tested. Bovine enamel and dentin specimens (n = 13/solution/substrate) underwent a set of erosion‐abrasion cycles (0.3% citric acid [5 min, 4×/day], human saliva [1 h, 4×/day], brushing [15 s, 2×/day], and treatments [2 min, 2×/day]) for each of five days. Initial enamel erosion was evaluated using Knoop microhardness after the first and second acid challenge on day 1, and surface loss with profilometry after day 5. KOH‐soluble fluoride was assessed. Data were analyzed with ANOVA/Tukey tests. The combination of fluoride and AA resulted in higher protection against enamel erosion, whereas this was not the case for the combination of AA and FSn. All treatments protected against enamel and dentin loss. The lowest surface loss values were observed with F+AA and FSn+AA. The polymer did not significantly influence the KOH‐soluble fluoride formation on enamel/dentin specimens. The aminomethacrylate copolymer effectively enhanced the efficacy of sodium fluoride against initial erosion and improved the control of enamel and dentin wear of F and FSn solutions.
Assessment of fracture criteria for cracking behavior of asphalt concrete using various SCB specimen sizes
Authors: Momeni Ramin , Pirmohammad Sadjad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this research, five fracture criteria (maximum tangential stress (MTS), generalized maximum tangential stress (GMTS), minimum strain energy density (SED), generalized minimum strain energy density (GSED), and modified maximum tangential stress (MMTS)) were evaluated for asphalt concrete using fracture data from tests conducted under various loading modes and conditions. Tests were performed on semi‐circular bend (SCB) specimens of various sizes. Based on the results, the MTS criterion tends to overestimate fractures, while the GMTS criterion exhibits more precise predictions. The SED and GSED criteria inaccurately predict fractures, especially under certain loading conditions. The MMTS criterion shows superior predictive capability for asphalt concrete fractures. Specimen size influences fracture resistance, with larger specimens exhibiting higher fracture values. Overall, the MMTS criterion closely mirrors the crack growth behavior of asphalt concrete, highlighting its precision in predicting fracture results. The errors between the predictions of the fracture criteria MTS, GMTS, SED, GSED, and MMTS, and the experimental results ranged from 0% to 42.8%, 0% to 22.5%, 0% to 52.7%, 0% to 42.4%, and 0% to 14.5%, respectively.