bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient Synthesis of Allenes from Trimethylaluminum Reagent and Propargyl Acetates Mediated by a Palladium Catalyst
Authors: Li Qing‐Han , Jeng Jung‐Yuan , Gau Han‐Mou 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA series of propargyl acetates were prepared and used as propargyl electrophiles for coupling reactions with trimethylaluminum. The simple catalytic system of palladium(II) acetate (1 mol‐%) and tri(o‐tolyl)phosphine (2 mol‐%) worked efficiently for a wide variety of aromatic and aliphatic propargyl acetates, producing the substituted allenes in good to excellent yields of up to 94 % in tetrahydrofuran. The process was simple and easily performed, and it provides an efficient method for the synthesis of substituted allene derivatives. On the basis of the experimental results, a possible catalytic cycle has been proposed.
A Palladium Catalyst Supported on Carbon‐Coated Cobalt Nanoparticles – Preparation of Palladium‐Free Biaryls by Suzuki–Miyaura Reactions in Ethanol
Authors: Derible Antoine , Diebold Carine , Dentzer Joseph , Gadiou Roger , Becht Jean‐Michel , Le Drian Claude 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe preparation of a heterogeneous Pd catalyst supported on carbon‐coated magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) bearing 4‐(diphenylphosphinomethyl)phenyl groups is discussed. These NPs were initially prepared by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of carbon on preformed Co NPs; however, the particles prepared in one step by reducing flame synthesis were more appropriate for functionalization. The Pd catalyst was then prepared by three simple steps. We show that Suzuki–Miyaura couplings can be efficiently performed in the presence of very low amounts of supported Pd, usually 50 μequiv. Finally, the Pd leaching was very low: in most cases only 1 μequiv. of Pd is found in the reaction medium (which amounts to less than 1 ppm of the product). Compared to other catalysts supported on magnetic particles, this catalyst is very simple to prepare even in large quantities and is easy to recover completely owing to the high magnetic saturation of the Co nucleus. To the best of our knowledge, it is the simplest and the most‐active Pd catalyst supported on carbon‐coated Co nanoparticles for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions. The reusability of the catalyst was also ascertained.
High‐Temperature Synthesis of Amides from Alcohols or Aldehydes by Using Flow Chemistry
Authors: Ambreen Nida , Wirth Thomas 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAn efficient conversion of aliphatic and aromatic alcohols or aldehydes into the corresponding primary amides was successfully achieved by using flow chemistry. Excellent yields were obtained in very short reaction times, and thus this method offers an efficient alternative to traditional methods for amide formation.
A High Sensitivity Electrochemical Sensor Based on Fe3+‐Ion Molecularly Imprinted Film for the Detection of T‐2 Toxin
Authors: Gao Xing , Cao Wenying , Chen Miaomiao , Xiong Huayu , Zhang Xiuhua , Wang Shengfu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe excellent detection sensitivity in various matrices of T‐2 toxin (T‐2), which has cytotoxic and immunosuppressive effects in DNA and RNA synthesis, is a highly desirable characteristic. A sensitive molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor was constructed for the selective detection of T‐2. In this study, iron ions (Fe3+) were introduced to increase the chelation of the metal ions and templates for preparing molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). With the increased chelation of the metal ions and templates, the selectivity and sensitivity of the MIPs were effectively improved. The imprinted sensor was successfully employed to detect T‐2 in cereals and human serum samples.
A wavelet‐nearest neighbor model for short‐term load forecasting
Authors: Sudheer Gopinathan , Suseelatha Annamareddy 
Published: October 2014

AbstractLoad forecasts of short lead times ranging from an hour to a day ahead are essential for improving the economic efficiency and reliability of power systems. This paper proposes a hybrid model based on the wavelet transform (WT) and the weighted nearest neighbor (WNN) techniques to predict the day ahead electrical load. The WT is used to decompose the load series into deterministic series and fluctuation series that reflect the changing dynamics of data. The two subseries are then separately forecast using appropriately fitted WNN models. The final forecast is obtained by composing the predicted results of each subseries. The hourly electrical load of California and Spanish energy markets are taken as experimental data and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), Weekly MAPE (WMAPE) and Monthly MAPE (MMAPE) are computed to evaluate the forecasting performance of the next‐day load forecasts. The forecasting efficiency of the proposed model is evaluated using db2, db4, db5 and bior 3.1 wavelets. The results demonstrate the forecasting accuracy of the proposed hybrid model.
Expanded Graphite–Epoxy–Flexible Silica Composite Bipolar Plates for PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Dursun B. , Yaren F. , Unveroglu B. , Yazici S. , Dundar F. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSilica impregnated expanded graphite–epoxy composites are developed as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. These composite plates were prepared by solution impregnation, followed by compression molding and curing. Mechanical properties, electrical conductivities, corrosion resistance, and contact angles were determined as a function of impregnated content. The plates show high flexural strength with 5% methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) addition (20 MPa) and in‐plane conductivity of 131 S cm−1 that meet the DOE target (>100 S cm−1). Corrosion current values as low as 1.09 μA cm−2 were obtained. The contact angle was found to be 80°. Power density of 1 W cm−2 was achieved with custom made expanded graphite–polymer composite plates. High efficiency values were obtained at low current regions.
Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Case series and update
Authors: Albergotti W. Greer , Bilodeau Elizabeth A. , Byrd J. Kenneth , Mims Mark M. , Lee Stella , Kim Seungwon 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundHyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a rare neoplasm of salivary gland origin which is low‐grade in nature. In this series, we report on 9 cases of HCCC and update the literature.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed. Our institutional database was queried for cases of HCCC. Pathology reports and slides were reviewed. Data was extracted, including demographics, staging, primary treatment, histopathologic findings, recurrence, and disease status. Statistical analysis was performed using a Pearson's chi‐square test.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐six total cases were included for analysis. The overall recurrence rate was 19.8%. Necrosis was associated with risk of recurrence (p = .003). Positive margins and lymph node status were associated with risk of recurrence. Prognosis was good with only 3 of 82 patients reported dying with disease.ConclusionHCCC has an overall good prognosis with potential for aggressive behavior. The presence of necrosis, locoregional disease, or positive margins is associated with risk for recurrence. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 426–433, 2016
Influence of genetic background and oxidative stress response on risk of mandibular osteoradionecrosis after radiotherapy of head and neck cancer
Authors: Danielsson Daniel , Brehwens Karl , Halle Martin , Marczyk Michal , Sollazzo Alice , Polanska Joanna , Munck–Wikland Eva , Wojcik Andrzej , Haghdoost Siamak 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundOsteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible is a severe complication of head and neck radiotherapy (RT) treatment, where the impact of individual radiosensitivity has been a suggested explanation.MethodsA cohort of patients with stage II/III ORN was compared to matched controls. Blood was collected and irradiated in vitro to study the capacity to handle radiation‐induced oxidative stress. Patients were also genotyped for 8 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in the oxidative stress response.ResultsA difference in 8‐oxo‐7,8‐dihydro‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐oxo‐dG) levels was found between the patient cohorts (p = 0.01). The SNP rs1695 in glutathione s‐transferase p1 (GSTP1) was also found to be more frequent in the patients with ORN (p = .02). Multivariate analysis of the clinical and biological factors revealed concomitant brachytherapy plus the 2 biomarkers to be significant factors which influense risk of mandibular osteoradionecrosis after radiotherapy of head and neck cancer.ConclusionThe current study indicates that oxidative stress response contributes to individual radiosensitivity and healthy tissue damage caused by RT and may be predicted by biomarker analysis. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 387–393, 2016
Assessment of the change in cetuximab‐induced antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity of natural killer cells by steroid
Authors: Kumai Takumi , Oikawa Kensuke , Aoki Naoko , Kimura Shoji , Harabuchi Yasuaki , Kobayashi Hiroya 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐targeted therapy has been widely accepted as a promising treatment for solid tumors. Steroid treatment is used to prevent adverse effect of anti‐EGFR antibody; however, influence of steroids in the antitumor activity of targeted antibody remains poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrated the impact of steroids in induced antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity of natural killer (NK) cells by cetuximab.MethodsVarious numbers of NK cells from healthy donors were co‐cultured with tumor and/or cetuximab with or without dexamethasone. After incubation, NK cells, ADCC activity, survival, and activation markers expression were determined.ResultsClinical concentration of dexamethasone treatment clearly inhibited cetuximab‐induced ADCC activity of NK cells against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and colon cancer. Dexamethasone decreased the activation marker CD69 expression on NK cells.ConclusionThis is the first report that shows the negative affect of steroids in cancer treatment using therapeutic antibody. Attention needs to be paid for using steroids in tumor treatment. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 410–416, 2016
Intraoperative hypertensive crisis due to a catecholamine‐secreting esthesioneuroblastoma
Authors: Salmasi Vafi , Schiavi Adam , Binder Zev A. , Ruzevick Jacob , Orr Brent A. , Burger Peter C. , Ball Douglas W. , Blitz Ari M. , Koch Wayne M. , Ishii Masaru , Gallia Gary L. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough uncommon, esthesioneuroblastomas may produce clinically significant amounts of catecholamines.MethodsWe report a patient with a catecholamine‐secreting esthesioneuroblastoma who developed an intraoperative hypertensive crisis.ResultsA patient with a history of hypertension was referred to our skull base center for management of a residual esthesioneuroblastoma. A staged endonasal endoscopic approach was planned. At the conclusion of the first stage, a hypertensive crisis occurred. Workup revealed elevated levels of serum and urinary catecholamines. The patient was treated with alpha adrenoceptor blockade before the second stage. Serum catecholamine levels after this second stage were normal. On immunohistochemical analysis, the tumor cells were found to be positive for tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis, and achaete‐scute homologue 1, a transcription factor essential in the development of olfactory and sympathetic neurons.ConclusionCatecholamine production should be considered in the differential of unexpected extreme hypertension during surgical resection of esthesioneuroblastoma. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: E74–E80, 2015
CT finding of ectopic pituitary adenoma: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Wu Xiaofeng , Wen Ming 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundEctopic pituitary adenoma was first described by Erdheim in 1909, about 100 cases have been reported in literature, to the best of our knowledge, an ectopic pituitary adenoma located in the parapharyngeal space has not been reported thus far.MethodA 59‐year‐old woman presenting with a neck lump, which was painlessness and growing, was without any neurological disorders or endocrine disorders. Auxiliary examinations included ultrasound, electronic nasopharyngolaryngoscopy, endocrine assessment, CT, and CT angiography.ResultsA CT scan showed a soft tissue density mass with clear boundary involving the carotid sheath area. The contrast‐enhanced CT scan showed heterogeneous density. Tissues around the mass were pushed and displaced. CT angiography showed the mass was hypervascular and supported by the right internal carotid artery and branches of the external carotid artery. The tumor underwent a total removal and was confirmed as an adenoma with pituitary cells by histopathologic examinations, and postoperative recovery went well.ConclusionIt is rarely seen that a pituitary adenoma is ectopic to the parapharyngeal space. Diagnosis is difficult and mainly depends on the postoperative pathological examination. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: E120–E124, 2015
Demonstration of nasopharyngeal surgery with a single port operator‐controlled flexible endoscope system
Authors: Schuler Patrick J. , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Duvvuri Uma , Rotter Nicole , Greve Jens , Scheithauer Marc O. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundNasopharyngeal surgery is commonly performed with a rigid endoscope using a transnasal or transoral approach. Here, we demonstrate a flexible single port computer‐assisted endoscopic system enabling easy transoral access to the nasopharynx.MethodsTransoral nasopharyngeal surgery was performed in human cadavers (n = 8) using the Flex System (Medrobotics, Raynham, MA). Learning curves were evaluated based on the time necessary for reaching the Eustachian tube. Mock surgical procedures were performed with compatible flexible instruments.ResultsNasopharyngeal surgery is feasible with the Flex System with a nontraumatic approach. The inbuilt HD digital camera enables high‐quality visualization of the nasopharynx. The design of the flexible compatible tools adequately meets the requirements for surgical procedures in the nasopharynx.ConclusionThe single port operator‐controlled flexible endoscope system is a feasible way to approach the nasopharynx for surgical manipulation. Further clinical studies as well as development of supplemental tools are in progress. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 370–374, 2016
Repair of pharyngocutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy: A novel endoscopic approach
Authors: Fink Daniel S. , Peña Sarah , Hanby Duncan , Kunduk Melda , McWhorter Andrew J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundPharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is a common and challenging complication of laryngectomy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of endoscopic repair of postlaryngectomy PCF.MethodsFive patients who underwent salvage laryngectomy complicated by PCF underwent endoscopic repair at a regional medical center between 2006 and 2013. Data were compiled through a manual chart review and demographic data, adjuvant treatment, comorbidities, and clinical course were all recorded.ResultsFive patients underwent endoscopic repair of PCF. All patients had previously received radiation or chemoradiation therapy and underwent salvage total laryngectomy. The mean number of days to resumption of oral intake after endoscopic repair was 22 days. One patient required reoperation. No complications were noted.ConclusionEndoscopic suture repair can be an effective method for treating PCF with less morbidity than flap reconstruction or conservative wound management. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: E81–E84, 2015
Local Literacies, Global Scales
Authors: Stornaiuolo Amy , LeBlanc Robert Jean 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWhile connecting students and teachers in new configurations using digital technologies offers great promise for literacy and learning, this column considers the complexities of negotiating local and global literacies in global collaborations. It introduces the theoretical concept of scaling to highlight the ways teachers actively and strategically work across differentially ordered social spaces, texts, and resources. The authors suggest that teaching in globalized contexts requires heightened sensitivity to people's challenges in negotiating inequalities in literacy practices across various spatial and temporal scales.
Poly(methyl methacrylate) particles for local drug delivery using shock wave lithotripsy: In vitro proof of concept experiment
Authors: Shaked Eliav , Shani Yoav , Zilberman Meital , Scheinowitz Mickey 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTo leverage current local drug delivery systems methodology, there is vast use of polymeric particles serving as drug carriers to assure minimal invasive therapy with little systemic distribution of the released drug. There is an increasing interest in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) serving as carriers in drug delivery. The study aims to develop PMMA carriers for localized drug delivery and release system, combining innovative biomaterial technology and shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), and to study the effect of SWL on various concentrations of PMMA particles. We prepared PMMA particles that contain horseradish peroxidase (HRP) using a double emulsion technique, and investigated the mechanism of in vitro drug release from the carriers following exposure to SWL. We investigated the correlation between production method modifications, concentrations of the carriers subjected to SWL, and shock wave patterns. We successfully produced PMMA particles as drug carriers and stimulated the release of their contents by SWL; their polymeric shell can be shattered externally by SWL treatment, leading to release of the encapsulated drug. HRP enzyme activity was maintained following the encapsulation process and exposure to high dose of SWL pulses. Increased shock wave number results in increased shattering and greater fragmentation of PMMA particles. The results demonstrate a dose‐response release of HRP; quantitation of the encapsulated HRP from the carriers rises with the number of SWL. Moreover, increased concentration of particles subjected to the same dose of SWL results in a significant increase of the total HRP release. Our research offers novel technique and insights into new, site‐specific drug delivery and release systems. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1228–1237, 2015.
Sylow Theory for Quasigroups
Authors: Smith Jonathan D. H. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper is intended as a first step toward a general Sylow theory for quasigroups and Latin squares. A subset of a quasigroup lies in a nonoverlapping orbit if its respective translates under the elements of the left multiplication group remain disjoint. In the group case, each nonoverlapping orbit contains a subgroup, and Sylow's Theorem guarantees nonoverlapping orbits on subsets whose order is a prime‐power divisor of the group order. For the general quasigroup case, the paper investigates the relationship between non‐overlapping orbits and structural properties of a quasigroup. Divisors of the order of a finite quasigroup are classified by the behavior of nonoverlapping orbits. In a dual direction, Sylow properties of a subquasigroup P of a finite left quasigroup Q may be defined directly in terms of the homogeneous space , and also in terms of the behavior of the isomorphism type within the so‐called Burnside order, a labeled order structure on the full set of all isomorphism types of irreducible permutation representations.
A systems engineering perspective on process integration in industrial biotechnology
Authors: Kiss Anton A. , Grievink Johan , Rito‐Palomares Marco 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBiotechnology has many applications in health care, agriculture, industry and the environment. By using renewable raw materials, biotechnology contributes to lowering greenhouse gas emissions and moving away from a petro‐based towards a circular sustainable economy. However, major developments are still needed to make industrial biotechnology an economic alternative to conventional processes for fuels, specialty and/or bulk chemicals production.Process integration is a holistic approach to process design, which emphasizes the unity of the process and considers the interactions between different unit operations from the outset, rather than optimizing them separately. Furthermore, it also involves the substitution of two or more unit operations by one single novel unit capable of achieving the same process goal.Conversely, process systems engineering (PSE) deals with the analysis, design, optimization, operation and control of complex process systems, as well as the development of model‐based methods and tools that allow the systematic development of processes and products across a wide range of systems involving physical and chemical change. Mature tools and applications are available for chemical technology and steps have been taken to apply PSE principles also to bioprocess technology. This perspective paper argues that an interdisciplinary approach is needed towards integrated bio‐processing in order to link basic developments in biosciences with possible industrial applications. PSE can foster the application of existing and the development of new methods and tools for bioprocess integration that could promote the sustainable production of bio‐/chemical products. The inclusion of PSE principles and methods in biochemical engineering curricula and research is essential to achieve such goals. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Endocavitary contrast‐enhanced ultrasound: A technique whose time has come?
Authors: Müller Thomas , Blank Wolfgang , Leitlein Jens , Kubicka Stefan , Heinzmann Alexander 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTEndocavitary use of contrast agents in sonography (US) is a relatively new method in diagnostic imaging, competing against gray‐scale US, fluoroscopy, and endoscopy. This article describes established indications, demonstrates the techniques of evolving applications, and discusses their potential benefits. These benefits include the ability to obtain precise information about the placement of drains and the extent of fluid collections, and to accurately identify the location and features of strictures in various organs, and those of complications of fluid collections or abscesses, without resorting to ionizing radiation. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 43:71–80, 2015
Linear‐Time Algorithms for Scattering Number and Hamilton‐Connectivity of Interval Graphs
Authors: Broersma Hajo , Fiala Jiří , Golovach Petr A. , Kaiser Tomáš , Paulusma Daniël , Proskurowski Andrzej 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe prove that for all an interval graph is ‐Hamilton‐connected if and only if its scattering number is at most k. This complements a previously known fact that an interval graph has a nonnegative scattering number if and only if it contains a Hamilton cycle, as well as a characterization of interval graphs with positive scattering numbers in terms of the minimum size of a path cover. We also give an time algorithm for computing the scattering number of an interval graph with n vertices and m edges, which improves the previously best‐known time bound for solving this problem. As a consequence of our two results, the maximum k for which an interval graph is k‐Hamilton‐connected can be computed in time.