bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mediale Berichterstattung über den Suizid von Robert Enke
Authors: Teismann Tobias , Schwidder Julia , Willutzki Ulrike 
Published: August 2013

Medienberichte über den Suizid prominenter Personen sind mit einem Folgeanstieg der populationsbezogenen Suizidrate assoziiert. Von verschiedenen Organisationen wurden daher Leitfäden für die mediale Berichterstattung über Suizide vorgelegt. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurde am Beispiel des Suizids von Robert Enke († 2009) untersucht, inwieweit diese Medienempfehlungen in Deutschland umgesetzt wurden. Analysiert wurden sämtliche Artikel, die im Monat nach Enkes Suizid in zehn der auflagenstärksten deutschen Zeitungen und Zeitschriften publiziert wurden. Insgesamt konnten 169 Artikel identifiziert werden. Die Inhaltsanalyse verweist darauf, dass Medienempfehlungen zur Berichterstattung über Suizide im Fall von Robert Enke nur unzureichend berücksichtigt wurden: 77,5 % der Artikel wiesen mindestens ein Merkmal unangemessener Berichterstattung auf und 51,5 % der Artikel wiesen kein Merkmal präventiver Berichterstattung auf. Im Rahmen einer Clusteranalyse ließen sich fünf Berichterstattungsmuster identifizieren, die sich in ihrer inhaltlichen Ausrichtung und im Ausmaß, in dem präventive Inhalte präsentiert werden, deutlich voneinander unterscheiden. Berichte in der Boulevardpresse unterschieden sich nur geringfügig von Artikeln in anderen Zeitungen. Praktische Implikationen des Befundmusters werden diskutiert.
Selective GPER activation decreases proliferation and activates apoptosis in tumor Leydig cells
Authors: Chimento A , Casaburi I , Bartucci M , Patrizii M , Dattilo R , Avena P , Andò S , Pezzi V , Sirianni R 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe have previously shown that estrogens binding to estrogen receptor (ER) α increase proliferation of Leydig tumor cells. Estrogens can also bind to G protein-coupled ER (GPER) and activation of this receptor can either increase or decrease cell proliferation of several tumor types. The aim of this study was to investigate GPER expression in R2C rat tumor Leydig cells, evaluate effects of its activation on Leydig tumor cell proliferation and define the molecular mechanisms triggered in response to its activation. R2C cells express GPER and its activation, using the specific ligand G-1, is associated with decreased cell proliferation and initiation of apoptosis. Apoptosis after G-1 treatment was asserted by appearance of DNA condensation and fragmentation, decrease in Bcl-2 and increase in Bax expression, cytochrome c release, caspase and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) activation. These effects were dependent on GPER activation because after silencing of the gene, using a specific small interfering RNA, cyt c release, PARP-1 activation and decrease in cell proliferation were abrogated. These events required a rapid, however, sustained extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 activation. G-1 was able to decrease the growth of R2C xenograft tumors in CD1 nude mice while increasing the number of apoptotic cells. In addition, in vivo administration of G-1 to male CD1 mice did not cause any alteration in testicular morphology, while cisplatin, the cytotoxic drug currently used for the therapy of Leydig tumors, severely damaged testicular structure, an event associated with infertility in cisplatin-treated patients. These observations indicate that GPER targeting for the therapy of Leydig cell tumor may represent a good alternative to cisplatin to preserve fertility in Leydig tumor patients.
Transcriptional response of bathypelagic marine bacterioplankton to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Authors: Rivers Adam R , Sharma Shalabh , Tringe Susannah G , Martin Jeffrey , Joye Samantha B , Moran Mary Ann 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe Deepwater Horizon blowout released a massive amount of oil and gas into the deep ocean between April and July 2010, stimulating microbial blooms of petroleum-degrading bacteria. To understand the metabolic response of marine microorganisms, we sequenced ∼66 million community transcripts that revealed the identity of metabolically active microbes and their roles in petroleum consumption. Reads were assigned to reference genes from ∼2700 bacterial and archaeal taxa, but most assignments (39%) were to just six genomes representing predominantly methane- and petroleum-degrading Gammaproteobacteria. Specific pathways for the degradation of alkanes, aromatic compounds and methane emerged from the metatranscriptomes, with some transcripts assigned to methane monooxygenases representing highly divergent homologs that may degrade either methane or short alkanes. The microbial community in the plume was less taxonomically and functionally diverse than the unexposed community below the plume; this was due primarily to decreased species evenness resulting from Gammaproteobacteria blooms. Surprisingly, a number of taxa (related to SAR11, Nitrosopumilus and Bacteroides, among others) contributed equal numbers of transcripts per liter in both the unexposed and plume samples, suggesting that some groups were unaffected by the petroleum inputs and blooms of degrader taxa, and may be important for re-establishing the pre-spill microbial community structure.
Design of optical pumping scheme for quantum‐dot semiconductor optical amplifiers
Authors: Taleb Hussein , Abedi Kambiz 
Published: August 2013

In this study, design of optical pumping (OP) scheme for quantum‐dot semiconductor optical amplifiers (QD‐SOAs) is investigated. To evaluate the static and dynamic responses of the QD‐SOA under OP, a non‐linear state‐space model is derived in which the effects of the homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening of the gain medium and the spectral dependence of the input signals are taken into account. Using this model, the effects of the wavelength and power of the pump signal and the homogeneous and inhomogeneous linewidths are studied in detail. Simulation results demonstrate that optimal operation of the QD‐SOA under the OP scheme is realised if the detuning between the pump wavelength and the input signal wavelength is constant (around 100 nm for our investigated device). The authors found that OP scheme can be employed for non‐linear signal processing applications, where the superiorities of the OP against the electrical pumping appear for small values of the homogeneous and inhomogeneous linewidths.
Modelling and control of a multi‐stage interleaved DC–DC converter with coupled inductors for super‐capacitor energy storage system
Authors: De Dipankar , Klumpner Christian , Patel Chintanbhai , Ponggorn Kulsangcharoen , Rashed Mohamed , Asher Greg 
Published: August 2013

Interleaved converters with coupled inductors are widely used to share load current in high power applications. It offers high equivalent switching frequency and reduced output current ripples using small size magnetic components. Owing to smaller common‐mode inductance, control system can be designed to achieve fast dynamic response. This study proposes eight‐channel interleaved DC/DC converter for interfacing super‐capacitor energy storage system to a 400 V DC voltage bus. Multi‐stage interleaving magnetic circuit with two‐phase coupling inductor as a building block is proposed. A methodology is developed to construct the model of the multi‐stage magnetic circuit from the basic two‐phase coupled inductor model. The derived model is successfully used to evaluate the system power losses and to design the magnetic circuit parameters and its current controller to fulfil the DC/DC converter steady state and dynamic performance specifications. A 20 kW/four stage/8‐channel DC/DC converter laboratory prototype has been built to connect a super‐capacitor stack to 400 V DC voltage bus. Experimental investigation validates the modelling, the system losses calculations and the design specifications of the system.
Power flow control of intertied ac microgrids
Authors: Nutkani Inam Ullah , Loh Poh Chiang , Blaabjerg Frede 
Published: August 2013

Microgrids are small reliable grids formed by clustering distributed sources and loads together. They can, in principle, operate at different voltages and frequencies like 50, 60, 400 Hz or even dc. Tying them together or to the mains grid for energy sharing would therefore require the insertion of interlinking power converters. Active and reactive power flows of these converters should preferably be managed autonomously without demanding for fast communication links. A scheme that can fulfill the objectives is now proposed, which upon realised, will result in more robustly integrated microgrids with higher efficiency and lower reserve requirement. The scheme presented has been tested in experiments with results captured and discussed in a later section.
Experiences of Marijuana-Vaporizer Users
Authors: Malouff John M. , Rooke Sally E. , Copeland Jan 
Published: August 2013

Background Using a marijuana vaporizer may have potential harm-reduction advantages on smoking marijuana, in that the user does not inhale smoke. Little research has been published on use of vaporizers. Methods In the first study of individuals using a vaporizer on their own initiative, 96 adults anonymously answered questions about their experiences with a vaporizer and their use of marijuana with tobacco. Results Users identified 4 advantages to using a vaporizer over smoking marijuana: perceived health benefits, better taste, no smoke smell, and more effect from the same amount of marijuana. Users identified 2 disadvantages: inconvenience of setup and cleaning and the time it takes to get the device operating for each use. Only 2 individuals combined tobacco in the vaporizer mix, whereas 15 combined tobacco with marijuana when they smoked marijuana. Almost all participants intended to continue using a vaporizer. Conclusions Vaporizers seem to have appeal to marijuana users, who perceive them as having harm-reduction and other benefits. Vaporizers are worthy of experimental research evaluating health-related effects of using them.
Kinannote, a computer program to identify and classify members of the eukaryotic protein kinase superfamily
Authors: Goldberg Jonathan M. , Griggs Allison D. , Smith Janet L. , Haas Brian J. , Wortman Jennifer R. , Zeng Qiandong 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Kinases of the eukaryotic protein kinase superfamily are key regulators of most aspects eukaryotic cellular behavior and have provided several drug targets including kinases dysregulated in cancers. The rapid increase in the number of genomic sequences has created an acute need to identify and classify members of this important class of enzymes efficiently and accurately.
Results: Kinannote produces a draft kinome and comparative analyses for a predicted proteome using a single line command, and it is currently the only tool that automatically classifies protein kinases using the controlled vocabulary of Hanks and Hunter [Hanks and Hunter (1995)]. A hidden Markov model in combination with a position-specific scoring matrix is used by Kinannote to identify kinases, which are subsequently classified using a BLAST comparison with a local version of KinBase, the curated protein kinase dataset from www.kinase.com. Kinannote was tested on the predicted proteomes from four divergent species. The average sensitivity and precision for kinome retrieval from the test species are 94.4 and 96.8%. The ability of Kinannote to classify identified kinases was also evaluated, and the average sensitivity and precision for full classification of conserved kinases are 71.5 and 82.5%, respectively. Kinannote has had a significant impact on eukaryotic genome annotation, providing protein kinase annotations for 36 genomes made public by the Broad Institute in the period spanning 2009 to the present.
Availability: Kinannote is freely available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/kinannote.
Contact: jmgold@broadinstitute.org
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Epidemiology of Bacteremia in Young Hospitalized Infants in Vientiane, Laos, 2000–2011
Authors: Anderson Margot , Luangxay Khonesavanh , Sisouk Kongkham , Vorlasan Latdavan , Soumphonphakdy Bandith , Sengmouang Vanmaly , Chansamouth Vilada , Phommasone Koukeo , Van Dyke Russell , Chong Euming , Dance David A.B. , Phetsouvanh Rattanaphone , Newton Paul N. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
As data about the causes of neonatal sepsis in low-income countries are inadequate, we reviewed the etiology and antibiotic susceptibilities of bacteremia in young infants in Laos. As Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of bacteremia in Lao infants, we also examined risk factors for this infection, in particular the local practice of warming mothers during the first weeks postpartum with hot coals under their beds (hot beds). Clinical and laboratory data regarding infants aged 0–60 days evaluated for sepsis within 72 h of admission to Mahosot Hospital in Vientiane, Laos, were reviewed, and 85 of 1438 (5.9%) infants’ blood cultures grew a clinically significant organism. Most common were S. aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Whereas no methicillin-resistant S. aureus was found, only 18% of E. coli isolates were susceptible to ampicillin. A history of sleeping on a hot bed with mother was associated with S. aureus bacteremia (odds ratio 4.8; 95% confidence interval 1.2–19.0).
Multisite Light-Induced Phosphorylation of the Transcription Factor PIF3 Is Necessary for Both Its Rapid Degradation and Concomitant Negative Feedback Modulation of Photoreceptor phyB Levels in Arabidopsis
Authors: Ni Weimin , Xu Shou-Ling , Chalkley Robert J. , Pham Thao Nguyen D. , Guan Shenheng , Maltby Dave A. , Burlingame Alma L. , Wang Zhi-Yong , Quail Peter H. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Plants constantly monitor informational light signals using sensory photoreceptors, which include the phytochrome (phy) family (phyA to phyE), and adjust their growth and development accordingly. Following light-induced nuclear translocation, photoactivated phy molecules bind to and induce rapid phosphorylation and degradation of phy-interacting basic Helix Loop Helix (bHLH) transcription factors (PIFs), such as PIF3, thereby regulating the expression of target genes. However, the mechanisms underlying the signal-relay process are still not fully understood. Here, using mass spectrometry, we identify multiple, in vivo, light-induced Ser/Thr phosphorylation sites in PIF3. Using transgenic expression of site-directed mutants of PIF3, we provide evidence that a set of these phosphorylation events acts collectively to trigger rapid degradation of the PIF3 protein in response to initial exposure of dark-grown seedlings to light. In addition, we show that phyB-induced PIF3 phosphorylation is also required for the known negative feedback modulation of phyB levels in prolonged light, potentially through codegradation of phyB and PIF3. This mutually regulatory intermolecular transaction thus provides a mechanism with the dual capacity to promote early, graded, or threshold regulation of the primary, PIF3-controlled transcriptional network in response to initial light exposure, and later, to attenuate global sensitivity to the light signal through reductions in photoreceptor levels upon prolonged exposure.
Vascular effects of aldosterone: Sorting out the receptors and the ligands
Authors: Feldman Ross D , Gros Robert 
Published: August 2013

Summary

Aldosterone has actions far beyond its role as a renal regulator of sodium reabsorption, and broader mechanisms of action than simply a transcriptional regulator. Aldosterone has a number of vascular effects, including regulation of vascular reactivity and vascular growth and/or development.

Aldosterone‐mediated effects on vascular reactivity reflect a balance between its endothelial‐dependent vasodilator effects and its direct smooth muscle vasoconstrictor effects. The endothelial vasodilator effects of aldosterone are mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase‐dependent activation of nitric oxide synthase.

G‐Protein oestrogen receptor (GPER) is a recently recognized G‐protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that is activated by steroid hormones. It was first recognized as the GPCR mediating the rapid effects of oestrogens. Activation of GPER also mediates at least some of the vascular effects of aldosterone in smooth muscle and endothelial cells. In vascular endothelial cells, aldosterone activation of GPER mediates vasodilation. In contrast, activation of endothelial mineralocorticoid receptors has been linked to enhanced vasoconstrictor and/or impaired vasodilator responses.
Investigation of practices to support the complex communication needs of children with hearing impairment and cerebral palsy in a rural district of Kenya: a case series
Authors: Bunning Karen , Gona Joseph K. , Buell Susan , Newton Charles R. , Hartley Sally 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundRehabilitation services are scarce in low‐income countries, where under‐representation of some specialist professions has led to the role extension of others. An example of this can be found in Kilifi in Kenya where the role of speech and language therapy has been taken on by occupational therapists and teachers.AimsTo investigate the communication practices used by these professional groups to support children with complex communication needs in a rural part of Kenya and to explore the ways in which this might be seen to facilitate or obstruct improved communication by asking the following questions: What are the critical features of interactional discourse in practitioner–child dyads with caregiver–child dyads providing a natural comparison? What communicative modalities and practice techniques are invoked? And how does this information relate to extending professional roles?Methods & ProceduresAn in‐depth, descriptive study of a case series was conducted in a school for deaf children and the occupational therapy department of a district general hospital. A mixed methodology was used involving naturalistic observation and applied linguistics analysis. A convenience sample was established comprising six practitioner–child dyads assigned to partnership types: (A) three children with hearing impairment and their teachers; and (B) three children with cerebral palsy and their occupational therapists. As a natural comparator, the same three children in B were also observed with their mothers (partnership type C). Dyadic interaction was video recorded on three occasions. The video data were sampled, transcribed into standard orthography and translated. Codes were applied to determine turn structure, linguistic move types and communicative modalities. Sequential analysis was conducted on the move types.Outcomes & ResultsPartnership type A dyads showed a fairly even turn distribution between teacher and child. A common pattern was teacher‐initiated Instruct and Model/Prompt, followed by child response in the form of an Action. The most frequently used modality was Sound Production and Hands‐on‐Articulators, which corresponded to articulation drill practice. Partnership type B dyads revealed a tendency towards adult domination of turns. The majority of adult‐initiated moves required no response from the child. The practice technique Hands‐on‐Articulators involved manipulating the oral musculature of the child. Partnership type C dyads showed resonances of type B dyads, although focused more on Motor‐Action in relation to task performance.Conclusions & ImplicationsThe assignment of speech and language therapy duties to teachers and occupational therapists has resulted in suboptimal practice for children with complex communication needs.
Interactions among the early Escherichia coli divisome proteins revealed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation
Authors: Pazos Manuel , Natale Paolo , Margolin William , Vicente Miguel 
Published: August 2013

SummaryWe used bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays to detect protein‐protein interactions of all possible pairs of the essential Escherichia coli proto‐ring components, FtsZ, FtsA and ZipA, as well as the non‐essential FtsZ‐associated proteins ZapA and ZapB. We found an unexpected interaction between ZipA and ZapB at potential cell division sites, and when co‐overproduced, they induced long narrow constrictions at division sites that were dependent on FtsZ. These assays also uncovered an interaction between ZipA and ZapA that was mediated by FtsZ. BiFC with ZapA and ZapB showed that in addition to their expected interaction at midcell, they also interact at the cell poles. BiFC detected interaction between FtsZ and ZapB at midcell and close to the poles. Results from the remaining pairwise combinations confirmed known interactions between FtsZ and ZipA, and ZapB with itself.
Host signature effect on plant root‐associated microbiomes revealed through analyses of resident vs. active communities
Authors: Ofek Maya , Voronov‐Goldman Milana , Hadar Yitzhak , Minz Dror 
Published: August 2013

SummaryPlant roots create specific microbial habitat in the soil – the rhizosphere. In this study, we characterized the rhizosphere microbiome of four host plant species to get insight into the impact of the host (host signature effect) on resident vs. active communities. Results show a distinct plant host specific signature found among wheat, maize, tomato and cucumber, based on the following three parameters: (i) each plant promoted the activity of a unique suite of soil bacterial populations; (ii) significant variations were observed in the number and the degree of dominance of active populations; and (iii) the level of contribution of active (rRNA‐based) populations to the resident (DNA‐based) community profiles. In the rhizoplane of all four plants, a significant reduction of diversity was observed, relative to the bulk soil. Moreover, an increase in DNA–RNA correspondence indicated higher representation of active bacterial populations in the residing rhizoplane community. This study demonstrates that the host plant determines the bacterial community composition in its immediate vicinity, especially with respect to the active populations.
Geographic and Racial Disparities in Breast Cancer–Related Outcomes in Georgia
Authors: Markossian Talar W. , Hines Robin B. , Bayakly Rana 
Published: August 2013

ObjectiveTo measure the effects of race/ethnicity, area measures of socioeconomic status (SES) and geographic residency status, and health care supply (HCS) characteristics on breast cancer (BC)‐related outcomes.Data Sources/Study SettingFemale patients inGeorgia diagnosed withBCin the years 2000–2009.Study DesignMultilevel regression analysis with adjustment for variables at the county, census tract (CT), and individual level. The county represents the spatial unit of analysis forHCS.SESand geographic residency status were grouped at theCTlevel.Principal FindingsEven after controlling for area‐level characteristics, racial and ethnic minority women suffered an unequalBCburden. Despite inferior outcomes for disease stage and receipt of treatment,Hispanics had a marginally significant decreased risk of death compared with non‐Hispanics. HigherCTpoverty was associated with worseBC‐related outcomes. Residing in small, isolated rural areas increased the odds of receiving surgery, decreased the odds of receiving radiotherapy, and decreased the risk of death. A higher per‐capita availability ofBCcare physicians was significantly associated with decreased risk of death.ConclusionsRace/ethnicity and area‐level measures ofSES, geographic residency status, andHCScontribute to disparities inBC‐related outcomes.