bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and performance evaluation of a 6LoWPAN‐enabled platform for ubiquitous healthcare monitoring
Authors: Touati Farid , Mnaouer Adel Ben , Erdene‐Ochir Ochirkhand , Mehmood Waiser , Hassan Ammad , Gaabab Brahim 
Published: May 2015

AbstractTechnology has revolutionized medical practices by enabling more convenient and non‐intrusive monitoring of patient's health, leading to next generation ubiquitous healthcare (u‐healthcare). The exploitation of the Internet protocol version 6 addressing space along with the miniaturization of electronic devices has fostered providing interoperability and connectivity of wearable sensor devices in wireless body area networks to the Internet of Things. In this paper, we propose to integrate the IPv6 over low power wireless personal area network (6LoWPAN) to the u‐healthcare monitoring system architecture. The main objective is to study the feasibility of the 6LoWPAN‐enabled platform in real‐world scenarios dealing with medical data. The performance evaluation of this platform is carried out initially through simulations using OMNet++ and then supported by an experimental study using sensor motes and a customized micro‐computing unit. Performance metrics such as throughput, end‐to‐end delay, packet error rate, and energy consumption are investigated under acute health conditions, where patient's health information has to be sent continuously and at maximum rate to the care provider. The obtained results show that the proposed 6LoWPAN solution fulfills the main quality of service requirements of u‐healthcare applications. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topology, dynamics, and heterogeneity in immune signaling
Authors: Webb J. Taylor , Behar Marcelo 
Published: May 2015

Development and function of the immune system depends on cells exchanging information between themselves and with their environment. This information is processed and integrated by complex signal transduction and gene regulatory networks with rich temporal dynamics. A growing body of evidence points to a combination of network topology and temporal dynamics as a fundamental link between stimulus and function. Recent findings also bring cellular variability and stochastic events to the forefront as additional determinants of cell population responses to immune cues. In this article, we review examples of how the trinity of network topology, temporal dynamics, and cellular variability together determine the immune function. In particular we focus on Nuclear Factor kappa‐B and T‐cell receptor signaling networks as they have proven fertile ground for studying how function arises from the combination of topology, dynamics, and variability in a context of great clinical importance. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2015, 7:285–300. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1306This article is categorized under:

Biological Mechanisms > Cell Signaling
Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Mechanistic Models
Biological Mechanisms > Regulatory Biology
Structure and Properties of One‐dimensional Homometallic Complexes [Cu5(CN)5(5‐ph‐2,2′‐bpy)3]n and [Cu(SCN)(5‐ph‐2,2′‐bpy)]n (5‐ph‐2,2′‐bpy = 5‐Phenyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine)
Authors: Cui Shuxin , Zuo Minghui , Wang Haiyu , Xu Jie 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe complexes [Cu5(CN)5(5‐ph‐2,2′‐bpy)3]n (1) and {Cu(SCN)(5‐ph‐2,2′‐bpy)}n (2) were prepared by reaction of CuCl2 with different bridging ligands such as cyanide‐ or thiocyanate under hydrothermal conditions in the presence of 5‐phenyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine (5‐ph‐2,2′‐bpy). The copper ions are bridged by cyanide anions to form 1D ribbon with 26‐membered {Cu10(CN)8} rings in complex 1, whereas the metal ions are bridged by thiocyanate anions to form a 1D chain in complex 2.
Retrograde access of the left atrium for pulmonary vein isolation using magnetic navigation after closure of an atrial septum defect
Authors: De Roeck L. , Riahi L. , Wijchers S. , Stockman D. , De Greef Y. , Schwagten B. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Transseptal puncture is the most commonly used technique to perform electrophysiological procedures in the left atrium. This case report describes a pulmonary vein isolation in a patient with a paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, complicated by the presence of an oversized Amplatzer device (AGA Medical Corp., Golden Valley, MN). A retrograde approach using the magnetic navigation system (Niobe, Stereotaxis Inc., St Louis, USA) was performed, and showed to provide a feasible, safe and successful alternative for catheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmias in patients in whom the classic transseptal approach is impossible.
Consumption, Health, and Disposability inSpongeBob SquarePants
Authors: Piatti-Farnell Lorna 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn recent years, food scholarship has extended its preoccupation with consumption to interrogating the relationship between eating, culture and waste, and their effects on the environment. Simultaneously, food-related concerns have also become a recurrent part of popular culture, where examples from children's television provide fertile ground for discussion. This article analyses the multiple representations of food, consumption, and waste in Stephen Hillenburg's animated seriesSpongeBob SquarePants. Focusing on the specific food-related pedagogical philosophies that seem recurrent in the series, and following in Henry Giroux's footsteps by seeing a link between popular culture and educational structures, my discussion unravels the show's engagement with the over-consumption of fast food, the acculturation of the burger as the American meal par excellence, and environmental issues of ‘over-production’. I aim to show how, ultimately,SpongeBob SquarePantsoffers an evaluation of the connection between consumption, health, and disposability in contemporary Western societies.
Lessons Learned From Hospital Ebola Preparation
Authors: Morgan Daniel J. , Braun Barbara , Milstone Aaron M. , Anderson Deverick , Lautenbach Ebbing , Safdar Nasia , Drees Marci , Meddings Jennifer , Linkin Darren R. , Croft Lindsay D. , Pineles Lisa , Diekema Daniel J. , Harris Anthony D. 
Published: May 2015

BACKGROUNDHospital Ebola preparation is underway in the United States and other countries; however, the best approach and resources involved are unknown.OBJECTIVETo examine costs and challenges associated with hospital Ebola preparation by means of a survey of Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) members.DESIGNElectronic survey of infection prevention experts.RESULTSA total of 257 members completed the survey (221 US, 36 international) representing institutions in 41 US states, the District of Columbia, and 18 countries. The 221 US respondents represented 158 (43.1%) of 367 major medical centers that have SHEA members and included 21 (60%) of 35 institutions recently defined by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as Ebola virus disease treatment centers. From October 13 through October 19, 2014, Ebola consumed 80% of hospital epidemiology time and only 30% of routine infection prevention activities were completed. Routine care was delayed in 27% of hospitals evaluating patients for Ebola.LIMITATIONSConvenience sample of SHEA members with a moderate response rate.CONCLUSIONSHospital Ebola preparations required extraordinary resources, which were diverted from routine infection prevention activities. Patients being evaluated for Ebola faced delays and potential limitations in management of other diseases that are more common in travelers returning from West Africa.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;00(0): 1–5
Circadian clock control of connexin36 phosphorylation in retinal photoreceptors of the CBA/CaJ mouse strain
Authors: ZHANG ZHIJING , LI HONGYAN , LIU XIAOQIN , O'BRIEN JOHN , RIBELAYGA CHRISTOPHE P. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe gap-junction-forming protein connexin36 (Cx36) represents the anatomical substrate of photoreceptor electrical coupling in mammals. The strength of coupling is directly correlated to the phosphorylation of Cx36 at two regulatory sites: Ser110 and Ser293. Our previous work demonstrated that the extent of biotinylated tracer coupling between photoreceptor cells, which provides an index of the extent of electrical coupling, depends on the mouse strain. In the C57Bl/6J strain, light or dopamine reduces tracer coupling and Cx36 phosphorylation in photoreceptors. Conversely, darkness or a dopaminergic antagonist increases tracer coupling and Cx36 phosphorylation, regardless of the daytime. In the CBA/CaJ strain, photoreceptor tracer coupling is not only regulated by light and dopamine, but also by a circadian clock, a type of oscillator with a period close to 24 h and intrinsic to the retina, so that under prolonged dark-adapted conditions tracer coupling is broader at night compared to daytime. In the current study, we examined whether the modulation of photoreceptor coupling by a circadian clock in the CBA/CaJ mouse photoreceptors reflected a change in Cx36 protein expression and/or phosphorylation. We found no significant change in Cx36 expression or in the number of Cx36 gap junction among the conditions examined. However, we found that Cx36 phosphorylation is higher under dark-adapted conditions at night than in the daytime, and is the lowest under prolonged illumination at any time of the day/night cycle. Our observations are consistent with the view that the circadian clock regulation of photoreceptor electrical coupling is mouse strain-dependent and highlights the critical position of Cx36 phosphorylation in the control of photoreceptor coupling.
A Base-Independent Repair Mechanism for DNA Glycosylase—No Discrimination Within the Active Site
Authors: Blank Iris D. , Sadeghian Keyarash , Ochsenfeld Christian 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe ubiquitous occurrence of DNA damages renders its repair machinery a crucial requirement for the genomic stability and the survival of living organisms. Deficiencies in DNA repair can lead to carcinogenesis, Alzheimer, or Diabetes II, where increased amounts of oxidized DNA bases have been found in patients. Despite the highest mutation frequency among oxidized DNA bases, the base-excision repair process of oxidized and ring-opened guanine, FapydG (2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine), remained unclear since it is difficult to study experimentally. We use newly-developed linear-scaling quantum-chemical methods (QM) allowing us to include up to 700 QM-atoms and achieving size convergence. Instead of the widely assumed base-protonated pathway we find a ribose-protonated repair mechanism which explains experimental observations and shows strong evidence for a base-independent repair process. Our results also imply that discrimination must occur during recognition, prior to the binding within the active site.
Nonautophagic cytoplasmic vacuolation death induction in human PC-3M prostate cancer by curcumin through reactive oxygen species -mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Lee Wei-Jiunn , Chien Ming-Hsien , Chow Jyh-Ming , Chang Junn-Liang , Wen Yu-Ching , Lin Yung-Wei , Cheng Chao-Wen , Lai Gi-Ming , Hsiao Michael , Lee Liang-Ming 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe antiapoptotic and antiautophagic abilities of cancer cells constitute a major challenge for anticancer drug treatment. Strategies for triggering nonapoptotic or nonautophagic cell death may improve therapeutic efficacy against cancer. Curcumin has been reported to exhibit cancer chemopreventive properties. Herein, we report that curcumin induced apoptosis in LNCaP, DU145 and PC-3 cells but triggered extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation in PC-3M cells. Electron microscopic images showed that the vacuoles lacked intracellular organelles and were derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Moreover, curcumin-induced vacuolation was not reversed by an apoptosis- or autophagy-related inhibitor, suggesting that vacuolation-mediated cell death differs from classical apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Mechanistic investigations revealed that curcumin treatment upregulated the ER stress markers CHOP and Bip/GRP78 and the autophagic marker LC3-II. In addition, curcumin induced ER stress by triggering ROS generation, which was supported by the finding that treating cells with the antioxidant NAC alleviated curcumin-mediated ER stress and vacuolation-mediated death. An in vivo PC-3M orthotopic prostate cancer model revealed that curcumin reduced tumor growth by inducing ROS production followed by vacuolation-mediated cell death. Overall, our results indicated that curcumin acts as an inducer of ROS production, which leads to nonapoptotic and nonautophagic cell death via increased ER stress.
Circulating miR-497 and miR-663b in plasma are potential novel biomarkers for bladder cancer
Authors: Du Mulong , Shi Danni , Yuan Lin , Li Pengchao , Chu Haiyan , Qin Chao , Yin Changjun , Zhang Zhengdong , Wang Meilin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs), abundant and highly stable in the plasma, have been widely reported. This greatly pursued us to investigate whether plasma miRNAs could be considered as powerful biomarkers for diagnosing bladder cancer (BC). We performed a plasma miRNAs profile with the TaqMan Low Density Array and a two-phase validation to detect the candidate miRNAs expression by quantitative PCR. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and the area under curve (AUC) were used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. A total of eight plasma miRNAs abnormally expressed between BC patients and healthy controls in microarray analysis (i.e., elevated miRNAs for miR-505, miR-363 and miR-663b and decreased for miR-99a, miR-194, miR-100, miR-497 and miR-1 in BC plasma). In further independent cohorts, miR-497 and miR-663b with significantly differential expression were confirmed. Moreover, the AUC, sensitivity and specificity were raised to 0.711 (95% CI = 0.641-0.780), 69.7% and 69.6%, respectively, when miR-497 and miR-663b were integrated. This is the first study systematically exploring the existence of specific plasma miRNAs as early diagnostic biomarkers for BC in Chinese population; and these findings supported that plasma miR-497 and miR-663b could be promising novel circulating biomarkers in clinical detection of BC.
Suppression of creep-regime dynamics in epitaxial ferroelectric BiFeO3 films
Authors: Shin Y. J. , Jeon B. C. , Yang S. M. , Hwang I. , Cho M. R. , Sando D. , Lee S. R. , Yoon J.-G. , Noh T. W. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSwitching dynamics of ferroelectric materials are governed by the response of domain walls to applied electric field. In epitaxial ferroelectric films, thermally-activated ‘creep’ motion plays a significant role in domain wall dynamics and accordingly, detailed understanding of the system’s switching properties requires that this creep motion be taken into account. Despite this importance, few studies have investigated creep motion in ferroelectric films under ac-driven force. Here, we explore ac hysteretic dynamics in epitaxial BiFeO3 thin films, through ferroelectric hysteresis measurements and stroboscopic piezoresponse force microscopy. We reveal that identically-fabricated BiFeO3 films on SrRuO3 or La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 bottom electrodes exhibit markedly different switching behaviour, with BiFeO3/SrRuO3 presenting essentially creep-free dynamics. This unprecedented result arises from the distinctive spatial inhomogeneities of the internal fields, these being influenced by the bottom electrode’s surface morphology. Our findings further highlight the importance of controlling interface and defect characteristics, to engineer ferroelectric devices with optimised performance.
Microbiota prevents cholesterol loss from the body by regulating host gene expression in mice
Authors: Zhong Chun-Yan , Sun Wei-Wei , Ma Yinyan , Zhu Hongling , Yang Pan , Wei Hong , Zeng Ben-Hua , Zhang Qian , Liu Yu , Li Wen-Xia , Chen Yixin , Yu Liqing , Song Zhi-Yuan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractWe have previously observed that knockout of Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1), a cholesterol transporter essential for intestinal cholesterol absorption, reduces the output of dry stool in mice. As the food intake remains unaltered in NPC1L1-knockout (L1-KO) mice, we hypothesized that NPC1L1 deficiency may alter the gut microbiome to reduce stool output. Consistently, here we demonstrate that the phyla of fecal microbiota differ substantially between L1-KO mice and their wild-type controls. Germ-free (GF) mice have reduced stool output. Inhibition of NPC1L1 by its inhibitor ezetimibe reduces stool output in specific pathogen-free (SPF), but not GF mice. In addition, we show that GF versus SPF mice have reduced intestinal absorption and increased fecal excretion of cholesterol, particularly after treatment with ezetimibe. This negative balance of cholesterol in GF mice is associated with reduced plasma and hepatic cholesterol and likely caused by reduced expression of NPC1L1 and increased expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8 in small intestine. Expression levels of other genes in intestine and liver largely reflect a state of cholesterol depletion and a decrease in intestinal sensing of bile acids. Altogether, our findings reveal a broad role of microbiota in regulating whole-body cholesterol homeostasis and its response to a cholesterol-lowering drug, ezetimibe.
Cyanamide is biosynthesized from l-canavanine in plants
Authors: Kamo Tsunashi , Sakurai Sakae , Yamanashi Tatsuya , Todoroki Yasushi 
Published: May 2015

AbstractCyanamide had long been recognized as a synthetic compound but more recently has been found as a natural product from several leguminous plants. This compound’s biosynthetic pathway, as yet unelaborated, has attracted attention because of its utility in many domains, such as agriculture, chemistry and medicine. We noticed that the distribution of L-canavanine in the plant kingdom appeared to include that of cyanamide and that the guanidino group structure in L-canavanine contained the cyanamide skeleton. Here, quantification of these compounds in Vicia species suggested that cyanamide was biosynthesized from L-canavanine. Subsequent experiments involving L-[guanidineimino-15N2]canavanine addition to young Vicia villosa seedlings resulted in significant incorporation of 15N-label into cyanamide, verifying its presumed biosynthetic pathway.
Tumor Invasion Optimization by Mesenchymal-Amoeboid Heterogeneity
Authors: Hecht Inbal , Bar-El Yasmin , Balmer Frederic , Natan Sari , Tsarfaty Ilan , Schweitzer Frank , Ben-Jacob Eshel 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMetastasizing tumor cells migrate through the surrounding tissue and extracellular matrix toward the blood vessels, in order to colonize distant organs. They typically move in a dense environment, filled with other cells. In this work we study cooperative effects between neighboring cells of different types, migrating in a maze-like environment with directional cue. Using a computerized model, we measure the percentage of cells that arrive to the defined target, for different mesenchymal/amoeboid ratios. Wall degradation of mesenchymal cells, as well as motility of both types of cells, are coupled to metabolic energy-like resource level. We find that indirect cooperation emerges in mid-level energy, as mesenchymal cells create paths that are used by amoeboids. Therefore, we expect to see a small population of mesenchymals kept in a mostly-amoeboid population. We also study different forms of direct interaction between the cells and show that energy-dependent interaction strength is optimal for the migration of both mesenchymals and amoeboids. The obtained characteristics of cellular cluster size are in agreement with experimental results. We therefore predict that hybrid states, e.g. epithelial-mesenchymal, should be utilized as a stress-response mechanism.
The prognostic factors and multiple biomarkers in young patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Mo-Jin , Ping Jie , Li Yuan , Adell Gunnar , Arbman Gunnar , Nodin Bjorn , Meng Wen-Jian , Zhang Hong , Yu Yong-Yang , Wang Cun , Yang Lie , Zhou Zong-Guang , Sun Xiao-Feng 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young patients (≤50 years of age) appears to be increasing. However, their clinicopathological characteristics and survival are controversial. Likewise, the biomarkers are unclear. We used the West China (2008-2013, China), Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results program (1973-2011, United States) and Linköping Cancer (1972-2009, Sweden) databases to analyse clinicopathological characteristics, survival and multiple biomarkers of young CRC patients. A total of 509,934 CRC patients were included from the three databases. The young CRC patients tended to have more distal location tumours, fewer tumour numbers, later stage, more mucinous carcinoma and poorer differentiation. The cancer-specific survival (CSS) of young patients was significantly better. The PRL (HR = 12.341, 95% CI = 1.615-94.276, P = 0.010), RBM3 (HR = 0.093, 95% CI = 0.012-0.712, P = 0.018), Wrap53 (HR = 1.952, 95% CI = 0.452-6.342, P = 0.031), p53 (HR = 5.549, 95% CI = 1.176-26.178, P = 0.045) and DNA status (HR = 17.602, 95% CI = 2.551-121.448, P = 0.001) were associated with CSS of the young patients. In conclusion, this study suggests that young CRC patients present advanced tumours and more malignant pathological features, while they have a better prognosis. The PRL, RBM3, Wrap53, p53 and DNA status are potential prognostic biomarkers for the young CRC patients.
Reconstructing folding energy landscapes from splitting probability analysis of single-molecule trajectories
Authors: Manuel Ajay P. , Lambert John , Woodside Michael T. 
Published: May 2015

Significance
Energy landscape theory provides the conceptual foundation for describing how structures self-assemble in proteins and nucleic acids, but energy landscapes are hard to measure experimentally, which has limited quantitative applications of landscape theory. Current methods for measuring landscapes based on single-molecule folding trajectories are strongly influenced by the properties of the instrumental probe, which can confound the results. We present a new approach that avoids these limitations, based on the splitting probability that describes the likelihood of folding proceeding to completion at a given point along the reaction coordinate. We demonstrate the method using measurements of DNA hairpins as a model system, as well as computational simulations, discussing both the advantages of this approach and its limitations.
A refined theory of magnetoelastic buckling matches experiments with ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic rods
Authors: Gerbal Fabien , Wang Yuan , Lyonnet Florian , Bacri Jean-Claude , Hocquet Thierry , Devaud Martin 
Published: May 2015

Significance
There are certainly few remaining unsolved physics problems as simple and as fundamental as the magnetoelastic buckling phenomenon. In fact, it is just a little more complex than the Euler instability that describes the buckling transition of an axially compressed rod. Here, the bending energy is provided by the magnetization of the system and is balanced by the mechanical energy that hinders the deformation. It is fundamental in the respect that this mechanism could be realized at many different scales with many types of magnetic materials as soon as they offer the suitable combinations of parameters, mainly involving the magnetic susceptibility and the bending modulus. It could find many applications such as the magnetic remote control of nano- or microcantilevers.