bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inmigración, crisis y escuela
Authors: García Castaño Francisco Javier , Olmos Alcaraz Antonia , Ouafaa Bouachra Outmani 
Published: July 2015

Es fácil encontrar titulares de prensa en España en los últimos años que digan: «la crisis ha destruido empleo y la falta del mismo ha obligado a los inmigrantes a retornar a sus países…».A esos titulares se añaden afirmaciones como «ya no llegan inmigrantes…». Ello ha servido para justificar la reducción de los servicios que se les podía prestar. También en la escuela se escuchan voces similares y con ello la reducción de apoyos educativos con el argumento de que «ya no llegan» o «se han marchado». Pues bien, lo que pretendemos con este trabajo es poner a prueba ese conjunto de afirmaciones que en la escuela relacionan «crisis económica» y «retorno» de la población de nacionalidad extranjera. Tres puntos trataremos con detalle: en primer lugar analizaremos cómo ha evolucionado la presencia de escolares de nacionalidad extranjera en elsistema educativo en España, en segundo lugar nos serviremos de la Estadística de Migraciones y del Padrón Municipal de Habitantes para conocer mejor el fenómeno migratorio y sus asociados: el «retorno», y en tercer lugar reflexionaremos sobre cómo se está utilizando la idea del «retorno» la población inmigrante para reducir los servicios que se les presta en el sistema educativo.
Analysis of Social Influences in the Transition of Czech Students Between Educational Levels and to the Labour Market
Authors: Hlaďo Petr 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The paper deals with the transition of Czech students of lower secondary schools (ISCED 2A) and vocationally oriented upper secondary schools (ISCED 3A and 3C) between educational levels and to the labour market. The theoretical introduction describes the specifics of career decision making of Czech pupils and synthesizes some important empirical findings on social influences on this decision. The core lies in a survey designed by the National Institute of Education, School Counselling Centre and Centre for Further Education of Teachers. The instrument of data collection was questionnaires for students of final years of lower secondary and upper secondary schools. Data collection took place in 2011 at 40 lower secondary (n=779) and 20 vocationally oriented upper secondary schools (n=442). The paper compares the views of these groups of respondents on student’s autonomy in the choice of further education and occupation, and social influences on students’ career decision-making.
Education for Jobs – Preparation for the Labor Market
Authors: Petnuchová Jana 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The article describes importance of vocational education and training (VET) which can play a central role in preparing young people for work, developing the skills of adults and responding to the labor market needs of the economy. The aim of this article is to highlight the definitions and understandings of vocational education and training (VET). Countries are now giving the long-neglected topic of vocational education and training dramatically increased profiles, reflecting recognition of its economic function. Many countries are recognizing that good initial vocational education and training has a major contribution to make to economic competitiveness.
Creative Drama in Support Therapies for Children with Learning Disorders
Authors: Kollárová Dana 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The paper familiarizes the reader with the output of the project titled Support Therapies for Children with Learning Disorders which we implemented at an elementary school. It describes the individual therapy types which were used and which can, to certain extent, help the pupils with special educational needs. The paper focuses on our experiences with the use of creative drama elements and drama therapy with 5th - 9th grade pupils. It presents the acquired qualitative data which show the reader the specifics of the educational process and public presentation of pupils with learning and behaviour disorders.
Research on Abuse and Violence Against the Elderly in a Family Setting
Authors: Lahe Danijela 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The article calls for attention to the problem of violence and abuse of the elderly within their family, partnership, and relationships with relatives in the postmodern society. The outcomes of the research, carried out on a sample of the elderly people within different residence settings are presented. Results show that all kinds of violence and abuse are present in all kinds of settings, except in the residence with relatives, where sexual abuse was not noticed. Physical and sexual violence and abuse is mostly present in the households in which the elderly live with their partner, while psychical violence is present in the households with relatives. Material violence and abuse are present in case of elderly people who live alone. Both, men and women, experience most violence and abuse in their flats.
Communication and Learning in the New Media Space
Authors: Szécsi Gábor 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The age of electronic communication is the age of opening categorical and classification boundaries. In the new media space the traditional distinctions between children and adult experiences collapse and disappear. The aim of this essay is to show that the use of electronic technologies has abolished the traditional pedagogical thinking, and brings in new conventions. As a result of evolving new practices which rely on electronic communication devices, communication has become an essential activity among children, helping them acquire and share everyday information and knowledge with intensity and efficiency that can even change the traditional pedagogical thinking. The use of new communication technologies and forms of learning support gain particular importance especially in a system of lifelong learning, which provides identical frameworks for children and adults.
The Basis and the Structure of the Tertiary Socialization Field and the “Youth-Affairs” as an Autonomous Area
Authors: Nagy Ádám , Székely Levente 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Many models have been made during the study of the chronology and areas of the socialization process and thus the extrafamilial and extracurricular platforms have often been in focus. Many theories have been created about the periods preceding adulthood, i.e. youth. Now, on the borderline of the two areas a new profession is in the making, targeting youth in an extrafamilial and extracurricular context. This new area deserves thorough analysis with a focus on theoretical background since models of leisure environments outside the family and school are now on the same footing with youth education and socialization. The current study deals with leisure environment and youth. It reviews theories of socialization environments and venues, provides a grouping of them and introduces a new theory that best fits into the conceptual apparatus of the youth area and serves as a solid foundation for it. In addition, scientific and international agreements pertaining to the periods of youth will be looked at, and an attempt will be made to create a break-down by age group that is best adaptable to the extrafamilial and curricular environment. It must be stressed that the present study does not deal with the repertory of socialization themes, such as gender socialization, moral socialization, political socialization and others, but merely those environments where these take place.
Neuroscience as a Basis for Innovations in Education
Authors: Trníková Jana , Petlák Erich 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
We live in a time in which a “revolution” in education is occurring. Through brain research and technology, we have unlocked many of the reasons why some children experience so much difficulty in learning. We know more about effective teaching practices than at any other time in history. Through technological advances, we have a whole world as our resource base. In addition, teachers are finally being empowered to make choices that affect their classrooms.
Disappearing population of Betula humilis Schrk. on the Maliszewskie Lake, NE Poland
Authors: Chrzanowska Agnieszka , Jadwiszczak Katarzyna A. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Betula humilis Schrk. is an endangered glacial relict inhabiting wet meadows, natural and drained fens. One of its declining populations is located on the Maliszewskie Lake (the Wizna swamp, north-eastern Poland). The goal of the present study was to estimate the number of B. humilis individuals in this locality. In the Maliszewskie Lake population, 59 ramets, grouped into three clusters, were found. Twelve nuclear microsatellite loci were chosen to genotype 52 ramets. The analysis revealed that all the shoots within the single cluster had the same genotypes at the loci considered. This means that each cluster constituted one genetically distinct individual; thus, there were only three individuals of B. humilis in the studied population. The maintenance of the B. humilis population in the Maliszewskie Lake area requires urgent active protection involving removal of the shading vegetation. In fact, the entire Maliszewskie Lake is worthy of protection because of its hitherto unexplained origin and the occurrence of many endangered bird species.
Archaeobotanical reconstructions of field habitats and crops: the grange in Pomorzany near Kutno, 18th/19th c.
Authors: Koszałka Joanna , Strzelczyk Joanna Ewa 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The paper presents the results of research of plant macrofossils from the grain deposit deriving from the 18th/19th centuries. The analysed material included 24760 diaspores representing 73 taxa. The majority were cultivated cereal crop species, and there was also abundance of accompanying segetal weed species. About 95% of the gathered crop material was Secale cereale. Another important crop was Hordeum vulgare and there were also some remains of Avena sativa, Triticum aestivum, Fagopyrum esculentum. Cannabis sativa and Linum usitatissimum were found as well. Weeds competing with these crops were, among others, the following species: Agrostemma githago, Raphanus raphanistrum, Apera spica-venti, Bromus secalinus, Centaurea cyanus, Spergula arvensis, Thlaspi arvense, Viola arvensis/tricolor, Fallopia convolvulus, Polygonum persicaria, Mentha arvensis, Anthemis arvensis, Papaver rhoeas, Rumex acetosella, Scleranthus annuus, Aphanes arvensis, Setaria pumila, Setaria viridis/verticilata. Extremely large presence of wild plant diaspores in the material allowed conducting economic and environmental interpretations. Reconstruction methods applied, used primarily in the case of macroremains from granaries, were fully applicable to the analysed plant residues. Weed species composition in the analysed material showed that they were mostly typical for the main winter crop. Some amount of species typical for other habitats were also found and they probably came from the near-by rye field. The presence of perennial diaspores indicated that the field was probably set aside
The association Veronico-Mimuletum guttati Niemann 1965 in Pomerania
Authors: Sobisz Zbigniew , Osadowski Zbigniew , Truchan Mariola 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Veronico-Mimuletum guttati, a poorly known association of species-rich helophyte beds communities was characterizedbased on 21 phytosociological relevés. Its new 14 localities in Pomerania and floristic differentiation in Central Europe are presented. New subassociations of the Veronico-Mimuletum guttati cardaminetosum amarae have been distinguished on the basis of differing floristic composition. It is further differentiated into two syntaxa: spring variant noted in spring areas and typical variant noted in banks of rivers, ditches and water-logged meadows.
mRNA overexpression of kallikrein-related peptidase 14 (KLK14) is an independent predictor of poor overall survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients
Authors: Kontos Christos K. , Adamopoulos Panagiotis G. , Papageorgiou Sotirios G. , Pappa Vassiliki , Scorilas Andreas 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTissue kallikrein and kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) compose a family of serine endopeptidases with much clinical interest in oncology, as their potential as diagnostic and/or prognostic molecular biomarkers in several human malignancies has already been evidenced. However, none of the members of this family has ever been studied in hematological malignancies. Based on our preliminary results regarding the differential mRNA expression of severalTotal RNA was isolated from 69 CLL patients and 31 non-leukemic blood donors. After reverse transcription of poly(A)-RNA,According to ROC analysis,
One-dimensional porous Ag/AgBr/TiO2 nanofibres with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Ding Ming-Yue , Meng De-Shui , Tang Yan-Hong , Liu Cheng-Bin , Luo Sheng-Lian 
Published: July 2015

AbstractOne-dimensional (1D) Ag/AgBr/TiO
Thermogravimetric and Kinetic Analysis of Raw and Torrefied Biomass Combustion
Authors: Kopczyński Marcin , Plis Agnieszka , Zuwała Jarosław 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The use of torrefied biomass as a substitute for untreated biomass may decrease some technological barriers that exist in biomass co-firing technologies e.g. low grindability, high moisture content, low energy density and hydrophilic nature of raw biomass. In this study the TG-MS-FTIR analysis and kinetic analysis of willow (Salix viminalis L.) and samples torrefied at 200, 220, 240, 260, 280 and 300 °C (TSWE 200, 220, 240, 260, 280 and 300), were performed. The TG-DTG curves show that in the case of willow and torrefied samples TSWE 200, 220, 240 and 260 there are pyrolysis and combustion stages, while in the case of TSWE 280 and 300 samples the peak associated with the pyrolysis process is negligible, in contrast to the peak associated with the combustion process. Analysis of the TG-MS results shows m/z signals of 18, 28, 29 and 44, which probably represent H2O, CO and CO2. The gaseous products were generated in two distinct ranges of temperature. H2O, CO and CO2 were produced in the 500 K to 650 K range with maximum yields at approximately 600 K. In the second range of temperature, 650 K to 800 K, only CO2 was produced with maximum yields at approximately 710 K as a main product of combustion process. Analysis of the FTIR shows that the main gaseous products of the combustion process were H2O, CO2, CO and some organics including bonds: C=O (acids, aldehydes and ketones), C=C (alkenes, aromatics), C-O-C (ethers) and C-OH. Lignin mainly contributes hydrocarbons (3000-2800 cm−1), while cellulose is the dominant origin of aldehydes (2860-2770 cm−1) and carboxylic acids (1790-1650 cm−1). Hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones and various acids were also generated from hemicellulose (1790-1650 cm−1). In the kinetic analysis, the two-steps first order model (F1F1) was assumed. Activation energy (Ea) values for the first stage (pyrolysis) increased with increasing torrefaction temperature from 93 to 133 kJ/mol, while for the second stage (combustion) it decreased from 146 to 109 kJ/mol for raw willow, as well as torrefied willow at the temperature range of 200-260°C. In the case of samples torrefied at 280 and 300°C, the Ea values of the first and second stage were comparable to Ea of untreated willow and torrefied at 200°C. It was also found that samples torrefied at a higher temperature, had a higher ignition point and also a shorter burning time.
Numerical Studies on Controlling Gaseous Fuel Combustion by Managing the Combustion Process of Diesel Pilot Dose in a Dual-Fuel Engine
Authors: Mikulski Maciej , Wierzbicki Sławomir , Piętak Andrzej 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Protection of the environment and counteracting global warming require finding alternative sources of energy. One of the methods of generating energy from environmentally friendly sources is increasing the share of gaseous fuels in the total energy balance. The use of these fuels in compression-ignition (CI) engines is difficult due to their relatively high autoignition temperature. One solution for using these fuels in CI engines is operating in a dualfuel mode, where the air and gas mixture is ignited with a liquid fuel dose. In this method, a series of relatively complex chemical processes occur in the engine's combustion chamber, related to the combustion of individual fuel fractions that interact with one another. Analysis of combustion of specific fuels in this type of fuel injection to the engine is difficult due to the fact that combustion of both fuel fractions takes place simultaneously. Simulation experiments can be used to analyse the impact of diesel fuel combustion on gaseous fuel combustion. In this paper, we discuss the results of simulation tests of combustion, based on the proprietary multiphase model of a dual-fuel engine. The results obtained from the simulation allow for analysis of the combustion process of individual fuels separately, which expands the knowledge obtained from experimental tests on the engine.
The effect of temperature and moisture content on the fracture behaviour of spruce and birch
Authors: Tukiainen Pekka , Hughes Mark 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The fracture behaviour of wood is affected by, amongst other factors, its microscopic structure, moisture content and temperature, as well as the direction of crack propagation. Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and birch (Betula pendula Roth.) compact tension specimens were subjected to pure mode I loading in both the radial-tangential (RT) and tangential-radial (TR) orientations under four climatic conditions. The effect of microscopic structure on crack propagation was observed, and the “crack mouth opening displacement vs. load” histories were recorded, from which characteristic fracture parameters were calculated. The fracture surfaces were subsequently examined by optical microscopy. In both species, distinct changes in the fracture behaviour were observed as moisture content (MC) and temperature (T) were varied. The results were specific for the wood species, but MC and T influenced fracture behaviour in a similar way. The effects were more pronounced in birch than in spruce. Elevated T and MC did not affect the failure mode, except in the case of spruce in the RT orientation.
Effects of Mould Rotation on Element Segregation and Compact Density of Electroslag Ingots during Electroslag Remelting Process
Authors: Chang Lizhong , Shi Xiaofang , Wang Runxi , Cong Junqiang 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSteel solidification process control, especially in the solidification process of high-alloy steel, and improving the solidification structure have been increasingly gaining interest among metallurgists, particularly the electroslag workers. To further develop the electroslag remelting (ESR) process and to improve the ingot solidification structure, the effects of mould rotation on chemical element distribution and the compact density were investigated in this study. The experimental results showed that chemical element distribution would become more uniform when the mould keeps the reasonable rotation rate. However, the excessive rotation rate would deteriorate the solidification structure of steel. When mould rotation rate was between 0 and 28 r/min, maximum segregation of carbon could decrease from 3.19 to 1.084, and statistical segregation decreased from 0.2636 to 0.0554. Maximum segregation of chromium could decrease from 1.316 to 1.131, and statistical segregation decreased from 0.2753 to 0.0657. The compact density increased from 0.7693 to 0.94. But element segregation would become bigger and compact density would become smaller if rotation rate further increased. The improvement in the solidification structure could be attributed to reasonable mould rotation rate which could initiate movement in the slag pool and further increase the uniformity of the temperature in the slag pool. At the same time, the movement in the slag pool could also affect the metal molten droplet, scattering the liquid drop randomly in the metal pool. But the excessive rotation rate made the slag pool violent motion, so as to drive the molten metal pool to rotate which would carry off enriched steel surrounding the dendrites in the mushy zone and reduce the solute content in the region. As a result, the element segregation would occur.
Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation using Exponential Families
Authors: Díaz Iván , Rosenblum Michael 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTargeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) is a general method for estimating parameters in semiparametric and nonparametric models. The key step in any TMLE implementation is constructing a sequence of least-favorable parametric models for the parameter of interest. This has been done for a variety of parameters arising in causal inference problems, by augmenting standard regression models with a “clever-covariate.” That approach requires deriving such a covariate for each new type of problem; for some problems such a covariate does not exist. To address these issues, we give a general TMLE implementation based on exponential families. This approach does not require deriving a clever-covariate, and it can be used to implement TMLE for estimating any smooth parameter in the nonparametric model. A computational advantage is that each iteration of TMLE involves estimation of a parameter in an exponential family, which is a convex optimization problem for which software implementing reliable and computationally efficient methods exists. We illustrate the method in three estimation problems, involving the mean of an outcome missing at random, the parameter of a median regression model, and the causal effect of a continuous exposure, respectively. We conduct a simulation study comparing different choices for the parametric submodel. We find that the choice of submodel can have an important impact on the behavior of the estimator in finite samples.
A New Simplified Bilinear Method for theN-Soliton Solutions for a Generalized FmKdV Equation with Time-Dependent Variable Coefficients
Authors: Alquran Marwan , Jaradat H.M. , Al-Shara’ Safwan , Awawdeh Fadi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper a generalized fractional modified Korteweg–de Vries (FmKdV) equation with time-dependent variable coefficients, which is a generalized model in nonlinear lattice, plasma physics and ocean dynamics, is investigated. With the aid of a simplified bilinear method, fractional transforms and symbolic computation, the correspondingN-soliton solutions are given and illustrated. The characteristic line method and graphical analysis are applied to discuss the solitonic propagation and collision, including the bidirectional solitons and elastic interactions. Finally, the resonance phenomenon for the equation is examined.
How Social Class Shapes Attitudes on Economic Inequality: The Competing Forces of Self-Interest and Legitimation
Authors: Curtis Josh , Andersen Robert 
Published: July 2015

Abstract:Using survey data from the World Values Survey (WVS) and national-level statistics from various official sources, we explore how attitudes toward economic inequality are shaped by economic conditions across 24 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Consistent with the economic self-interest thesis, we find that where income inequality is low, those in lower economic positions tend to be less likely than those in higher economic positions to favor it being increased. On the other hand, where economic resources are highly unequally distributed, the adverse effects of inequality climb the class ladder, resulting in the middle classes being just as likely as the working class to favor a reduction in inequality. Our results further suggest that people tend to see current levels of inequality as legitimate, regardless of their own economic position, but nonetheless desire economic change—i.e., they would like to see inequality reduced—if they perceive it could improve their own economic situation.