bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo single-molecule imaging identifies altered dynamics of calcium channels in dystrophin-mutant C. elegans
Authors: Zhan Hong , Stanciauskas Ramunas , Stigloher Christian , Keomanee-Dizon Kevin , Jospin Maelle , Bessereau Jean-Louis , Pinaud Fabien 
Published: September 2014

AbstractSingle-molecule (SM) fluorescence microscopy allows the imaging of biomolecules in cultured cells with a precision of a few nanometres but has yet to be implemented in living adult animals. Here we used split-GFP (green fluorescent protein) fusions and complementation-activated light microscopy (CALM) for subresolution imaging of individual membrane proteins in live Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). In vivo tissue-specific SM tracking of transmembrane CD4 and voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCC) was achieved with a precision of 30 nm within neuromuscular synapses and at the surface of muscle cells in normal and dystrophin-mutant worms. Through diffusion analyses, we reveal that dystrophin is involved in modulating the confinement of VDCC within sarcolemmal membrane nanodomains in response to varying tonus of C. elegans body-wall muscles. CALM expands the applications of SM imaging techniques beyond the petri dish and opens the possibility to explore the molecular basis of homeostatic and pathological cellular processes with subresolution precision, directly in live animals.
1.8 mW wideband LNA with double capacitor‐cross‐coupled feedback
Authors: Wang Zengqi , Li Zhiqun , Shen Changguo 
Published: September 2014

A 1.8 mW wideband common‐gate (CG) low‐noise amplifier (LNA) with double capacitor‐cross‐coupled (CCC) feedback is presented for multiband wireless communication standards. To achieve a low‐noise figure (NF) and high‐voltage gain under low power consumption, the CG LNA is based on the double CCC feedback and current‐reuse techniques. Post‐layout simulated results for 0.18 μm CMOS implementations show that the voltage gain is 18.1 dB with a 3 dB bandwidth from 100 MHz to 1.7 GHz and the IIP3 is −4.9 dBm at 1 GHz. The average NF is 2.4 dB within the entire 3 dB bandwidth. The LNA consumes 1.8 mW from a 1.8 V DC supply and the active size is 0.15 × 0.14 mm2.
Microstrip diplexer for GSM and WLAN bands using common shorted stubs
Authors: Feng Wenjie , Gao Xin , Che Wenquan 
Published: September 2014

A novel microstrip diplexer for global system of mobile (GSM) and wireless local area network (WLAN) bands using common shorted stubs is proposed. Two transmission zeros on both sides of the passband response can be easily realised for each passband. Additional transmission zeros created by the shorted stubs are introduced to suppress the harmonic of the microstrip diplexer. A microstrip diplexer with high isolation and selectivity can be achieved by locating the transmission zeros of each channel. A microstrip diplexer prototype with 30 dB isolation from 0.1 to 6.0 GHz has been designed and fabricated.
Understanding Performance Expression in Popular Music Recordings
Authors: Dibben Nicola 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
This chapter explores the possibilities and limits of studying expressiveness in recorded popular music from an empirical perspective. Research into performance expression has tended to treat the recording as a documentary trace of a performance event. In popular music, where the recording most often is the “event,” such an approach raises questions about how expression might operate in this context. This chapter offers two analyses that highlight complementary conceptions of expression—first, an expressive performance premised on an aesthetic of naturalism which bears the trace of human variability (Adele’s soul-influenced vocal performance of “Someone Like You”), revealing similarities to performance expression in classical and romantic genres, and secondly, the role of studio production in creating expressive performances, exemplified by a hip-hop track (Kanye West’s performance of “Stronger”), premised upon a “post-human” aesthetic that combines human and machine-like performance. The discussion highlights the cultural specificity of models of performance expression.
Expressiveness in Funk
Authors: Ashley Richard 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Funk, as a musical genre or manner of musical performance, poses significant questions for empirical research due to its typical materials. Funk de-emphasizes harmony—a primary element of western music—and uses a highly regular, almost metronomic rhythmic framework. Thus expressiveness in funk must be sought in other musical parameters, such as interplay between performers, microtiming, or timbre. This chapter examines funk from the perspective of its primary expressive aspect, that of groove. Recent relevant literature, both psychological and musicological, is reviewed, and music-structural features which seem to contribute strongly to groove are identified. These factors are then investigated through examination of musical excerpts from Stevie Wonder, Parliament, and Tower of Power. The roles of pitch, meter, microtiming, motive/gesture, and timbre in creating expressive performances within the constraints of the groove are explored, as well as directions for future research.
Using Computational Models of Music Performance to Model Stylistic Variations
Authors: Friberg Anders , Bisesi Erica 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The performance variations introduced by the musicians have been generalized into computational models in the KTH rule system. The models can convey gestural information about physical movement as well as emotional expression. The rule system was extended with new rules modelling metric, harmonic, melodic contour, and grouping accents as suggested by Parncutt (2003), and for interaction of rules. The accents are automatically rendered using a local shape of increased sound level and slower tempo around the accented note. We consider the rule system as a toolbox containing a set of general performance principles that to a certain extent have biological foundation. Then, the application of the rules depends on the intention, style, personal preferences, etc. We show how this can be done for three cases representing a music example from three different historical periods of piano music: baroque, romantic, and contemporary art music.
Training Expressive Performance by Means of Visual Feedback
Authors: Timmers Renee , Sadakata Makiko 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
This chapter explores current use of automated feedback techniques among musicians, and the anticipated usefulness of such systems. It examines purpose-designed software available for performers, and then summarizes the results of experimental investigations of the effectiveness of feedback systems in enhancing practicing to perform musical excerpts in various expressive manners. The methodological challenges of designing a program that can be applied in a general manner without biasing practice and performance are discussed. Promising avenues are suggested—for example, by making feedback summative rather than real-time, and based on probabilistic learning from target examples. In addition, the training may be to widely explore performance expression rather than to reinforce through imitation. The survey discussed indicates that if a user-friendly, reliable, and non-biasing product is realized, it is very likely to be adopted for a multitude of reasons, including feedback on ensemble timing, expressive interpretation, and aspects of performance control.
Implications for Cognitive Studies of Musical Expressiveness
Authors: Stevens Catherine J. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Studies of expressiveness in music from a cognitive psychological perspective have, until now, tended to analyze emotional response to music as a proxy for expression. The present collection, together with contemporary views of cognition as extended, situated, distributed, and embodied, point to the significance of cultural, social and historical influences on what it is to be expressive. Building from these updated assumptions, this brief prospective for cognitive studies discusses multimodal and inter-sensory expressiveness in music, song as a natural intersection of speech and music, and the importance of investigating diverse musical materials, performance settings, and genres. The challenge for cognitive psychology is to develop sophisticated ways of observing, recording, analyzing, and interpreting musical phenomena that connect across levels of description. The knitting together of micro and macro levels of description via theory is The Next Big Thing.
Implications for Education
Authors: Williamon Aaron 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
In some music educational contexts, a distinction is made between technical and expressive skills. It is argued that the former are within reach of anyone who is motivated to work hard, pay attention, and heed instruction. The latter, on the other hand, are accessed through more mysterious, subjective, and ephemeral processes—they are skills that simply “cannot be taught.” Irrespective of whether musical skills should be viewed in such dichotomous terms, it is clear from a large and growing body of research that the wide range of musical skills that typically fall within the “expressive” category are indeed amenable to learning and teaching. This chapter therefore addresses the questions of how expressive skills are learned, and how research can begin to inform and direct this learning process.
Quantum noise and quantum measurement
Authors: Clerk A. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis chapter covers the basics of quantum noise and the subtle aspects of Caves’ theorem on quantum-limited amplifiers. It introduces on the one hand the susceptibilities of a quantum measurement system, and on the other the crucial Nyquist model of dissipation, which is essential to the understanding of the quantum fluctuation-dissipation theorem for a passive system and the constraints on noise for an active system. Great insight on the paradoxical properties of quantum noise can be obtained by comparing, in the calculation of the noise of an active circuit, the point of view of susceptibilities and response functions with the point of view of input-output theory dominated by the formalism of the scattering matrix. In particular, the chapter provides an explanation of the existence of different optimum working points for a nonmatched amplifier if one optimizes the gain or the noise.
Universal profiles of the intracluster medium from Suzaku X-ray and Subaru weak-lensing observations
Authors: Okabe Nobuhiro , Umetsu Keiichi , Tamura Takayuki , Fujita Yutaka , Takizawa Motokazu , Zhang Yu-Ying , Matsushita Kyoko , Hamana Takashi , Fukazawa Yasushi , Futamase Toshifumi , Kawaharada Madoka , Miyazaki Satoshi , Mochizuki Yukiko , Nakazawa Kazuhiro , Ohashi Takaya , Ota Naomi , Sasaki Toru , Sato Kosuke , Tam Sutieng 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We conduct a joint X-ray and weak-lensing study of four relaxed galaxy clusters (Hydra A, A  478, A 1689, and A 1835) observed by both Suzaku and Subaru out to virial radii, with the aim of understanding recently discovered unexpected features of the intracluster medium (ICM) in cluster outskirts. We show that the average hydrostatic-to-lensing total mass ratio for the four clusters decreases from ∼ 70% to ∼ 40% as the overdensity contrast decreases from 500 to the virial value. The average gas mass fraction from lensing total mass estimates increases with cluster radius and agrees with the cosmic mean baryon fraction within the virial radius, whereas the X-ray-based gas fraction considerably exceeds the cosmic values due to underestimation of the hydrostatic mass. We also develop a new advanced method for determining normalized cluster radial profiles for multiple X-ray observables by simultaneously taking into account both their radial dependence and multivariate scaling relations with weak-lensing masses. Although the four clusters span a range of halo mass, concentration, X-ray luminosity, and redshift, we find that the gas entropy, pressure, temperature, and density profiles are all remarkably self-similar when scaled with the weak-lensing M200 mass and r200 radius. The entropy monotonically increases out to ∼ 0.5 r200 ∼ r1000 following the accretion shock heating model K(r) ∝ r1.1, and flattens at ≳ 0.5 r200. The universality of the scaled entropy profiles indicates that the thermalization mechanism over the entire cluster region (&gt; 0.1 r200) is controlled by gravitation in a common way for all clusters, although the heating efficiency in the outskirts needs to be modified from the standard r1.1 law. The bivariate scaling functions of the gas density and temperature reveal that the flattening of the outskirts entropy profile is caused by the steepening of the temperature, rather than the flattening of the gas density.
A Sparsity-Based Model of Bounded Rationality *
Authors: Gabaix Xavier 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThis article defines and analyzes a “sparse max” operator, which is a less than fully attentive and rational version of the traditional max operator. The agent builds (as economists do) a simplified model of the world which is sparse, considering only the variables of first-order importance. His stylized model and his resulting choices both derive from constrained optimization. Still, the sparse max remains tractable to compute. Moreover, the induced outcomes reflect basic psychological forces governing limited attention. The sparse max yields a behavioral version of basic chapters of the microeconomics textbook: consumer demand and competitive equilibrium. I obtain a behavioral version of Marshallian and Hicksian demand, Arrow-Debreu competitive equilibrium, the Slutsky matrix, the Edgeworth box, Roy’s identity, and so on. The Slutsky matrix is no longer symmetric: nonsalient prices are associated with anomalously small demand elasticities. Because the consumer exhibits nominal illusion, in the Edgeworth box, the offer curve is a two-dimensional surface rather than a one-dimensional curve. As a result, different aggregate price levels correspond to materially distinct competitive equilibria, in a similar spirit to a Phillips curve. The Arrow-Debreu welfare theorems typically do not hold. This framework provides a way to assess which parts of basic microeconomics are robust, and which are not, to the assumption of perfect maximization.
Effects of Sevoflurane and Propofol on Frontal Electroencephalogram Power and Coherence
Authors: Akeju Oluwaseun , Westover M. Brandon , Pavone Kara J. , Sampson Aaron L. , Hartnack Katharine E. , Brown Emery N. , Purdon Patrick L. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Background:
The neural mechanisms of anesthetic vapors have not been studied in depth. However, modeling and experimental studies on the intravenous anesthetic propofol indicate that potentiation of γ-aminobutyric acid receptors leads to a state of thalamocortical synchrony, observed as coherent frontal alpha oscillations, associated with unconsciousness. Sevoflurane, an ether derivative, also potentiates γ-aminobutyric acid receptors. However, in humans, sevoflurane-induced coherent frontal alpha oscillations have not been well detailed.

Methods:
To study the electroencephalogram dynamics induced by sevoflurane, the authors identified age- and sex-matched patients in which sevoflurane (n = 30) or propofol (n = 30) was used as the sole agent for maintenance of general anesthesia during routine surgery. The authors compared the electroencephalogram signatures of sevoflurane with that of propofol using time-varying spectral and coherence methods.

Results:
Sevoflurane general anesthesia is characterized by alpha oscillations with maximum power and coherence at approximately 10 Hz, (mean ± SD; peak power, 4.3 ± 3.5 dB; peak coherence, 0.73 ± 0.1). These alpha oscillations are similar to those observed during propofol general anesthesia, which also has maximum power and coherence at approximately 10 Hz (peak power, 2.1 ± 4.3 dB; peak coherence, 0.71 ± 0.1). However, sevoflurane also exhibited a distinct theta coherence signature (peak frequency, 4.9 ± 0.6 Hz; peak coherence, 0.58 ± 0.1). Slow oscillations were observed in both cases, with no significant difference in power or coherence.

Conclusions:
The study results indicate that sevoflurane, like propofol, induces coherent frontal alpha oscillations and slow oscillations in humans to sustain the anesthesia-induced unconscious state. These results suggest a shared molecular and systems-level mechanism for the unconscious state induced by these drugs.
High Adherence to a Gluten‐Free Diet in Adolescents With Screening‐Detected Celiac Disease
Authors: Webb Charlotta , Myléus Anna , Norström Fredrik , Hammarroth Solveig , Högberg Lotta , Lagerqvist Carina , Rosén Anna , Sandström Olof , Stenhammar Lars , Ivarsson Anneli , Carlsson Annelie 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the study was to evaluate the gluten‐free diet (GFD) adherence after 1 year of follow‐up in children with screening‐detected celiac disease (CD) in a general population.Methods:A total of 18,325 twelve‐year‐olds were invited to participate in a population‐based CD screening (Exploring the Iceberg of Celiacs in Sweden), of whom 13,279 participated. In 240 children, CD was detected through elevated anti–tissue transglutaminase antibodies 2 (TG2‐IgA) and verified by a small‐intestinal biopsy. This substudy included 210 children with TG2‐IgA, evaluated both at the initial biopsy occasion and at 1‐year follow‐up. GFD adherence was evaluated by a combination of TG2‐IgA measurements and self‐reported adherence (n = 193).Results:After 1 year, 85% (179/210) had normalized TG2‐IgA levels (<5 U/mL). Among those who had >50 U/mL at diagnosis, 25% (16/63) still had elevated TG2‐IgA, but for the majority their initial values were more than halved. Most reported a high level of GFD adherence (“always” 82% [158/193] and “often” 16% [30/193]), and 75% [145/193] reported always adhering combined with normalized TG2‐IgA. Although reporting that they were always adherent, 13 (6.7%) had not yet normalized their TG2‐IgA levels completely; however, a majority of these initially had the highest TG2‐IgA levels.Conclusions:GFD adherence is high in adolescents with CD detected by screening of the general population of Swedish 12‐year‐olds. Almost all of them had normalized serology and reported GFD adherence at the 1‐year follow‐up. A few adolescents who reported GFD adherence, however, had elevated TG2‐IgA levels, suggesting more severe disease and/or nonadherence.
Seed-Specific Expression of a Feedback-Insensitive Form of CYSTATHIONINE-γ-SYNTHASE in Arabidopsis Stimulates Metabolic and Transcriptomic Responses Associated with Desiccation Stress
Authors: Cohen Hagai , Israeli Hadasa , Matityahu Ifat , Amir Rachel 
Published: September 2014

AbstractWith an aim to elucidate novel metabolic and transcriptional interactions associated with methionine (Met) metabolism in seeds, we have produced transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seeds expressing a feedback-insensitive form of CYSTATHIONINE-γ-SYNTHASE, a key enzyme of Met synthesis. Metabolic profiling of these seeds revealed that, in addition to higher levels of Met, the levels of many other amino acids were elevated. The most pronounced changes were the higher levels of stress-related amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, valine, and proline), sugars, intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and polyamines and lower levels of polyols, cysteine, and glutathione. These changes reflect stress responses and an altered mitochondrial energy metabolism. The transgenic seeds also had higher contents of total proteins and starch but lower water contents. In accordance with the metabolic profiles, microarray analysis identified a strong induction of genes involved in defense mechanisms against osmotic and drought conditions, including those mediated by the signaling cascades of ethylene and abscisic acid. These changes imply that stronger desiccation processes occur during seed development. The expression levels of transcripts controlling the levels of Met, sugars, and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites were also significantly elevated. Germination assays showed that the transgenic seeds had higher germination rates under salt and osmotic stresses and in the presence of ethylene substrate and abscisic acid. However, under oxidative conditions, the transgenic seeds displayed much lower germination rates. Altogether, the data provide new insights on the factors regulating Met metabolism in Arabidopsis seeds and on the mechanisms by which elevated Met levels affect seed composition and behavior.
Organizational innovation and integrated care: lessons from Buurtzorg
Authors: Nandram Sharda , Koster Nicole 
Published: September 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe the case of Buurtzorg Nederland as a good practice example of integrated care, focussing in particular on the organizational aspects of its innovation. As the field of integrated care is still in many ways in its infancy, it is hoped that lessons learned could help other agencies and other systems seeking to reform community-based care.

Design/methodology/approach
– Drawing on a grounded approach, this case study is based on individual interviews with 38 respondents comprising staff, founder, co-founders, coaches, nurses, clients and a trainer and analysis of internal company reports.

Findings
– Based on the case study the authors suggest an integrated approach as the main explanation of the good practice at Buurtzorg rather than a focus on one single concept such as management structure, information and communication technology, community-based care or a patient focus. Next to the multi-level approach it furthermore shows a multi-dimensional approach as explanation for its success. In this perspective the primary process is the leading process but fully supported by the secondary process containing support facilities from a head office of the organization.

Practical implications
– Buurtzorg Nederland has been awarded with several prizes for its good management practice in integrated care and attention internationally is growing.

Originality/value
– This paper provides the first case study write-up of the Buurtzorg model for an international audience, based on extensive research to be published in an international book.
The confidential enquiry into maternal deaths in South Africa: a case study
Authors: Moodley J , Pattinson RC , Fawcus S , Schoon MG , Moran N , Shweni PM ,   on behalf of the National Committee on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in South Africa
Published: September 2014

The Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths (CEMD) in South Africa has been operational for 15 years. This case study describes the process of notification and independent assessment of maternal deaths, predominantly in facilities. In the earlier years of the Enquiry, institutional maternal mortality ratio increased and was 176.2 per 100 000 live births in the 2008–10 triennium; thereafter it decreased to 146.7 in the 2011/12 period. The slow progress was due to the significant contribution of HIV/AIDs to maternal mortality and challenges in implementing the recommendations that were devised from the findings of the Enquiry. Nevertheless, the CEMD process has been maintained and strengthened so it is currently able to perform routine maternal death surveillance at both national and district levels, identify deficiencies within the health system, generate reports and also provide early warning about alarming trends such as the increasing numbers of deaths due to caesarean‐section‐associated haemorrhage.