bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing Recovery Post‐Spinal Cord Injury: Nanoparticle‐Mediated Reprogramming of Peripheral Macrophages
Authors: Liu Jingsong , Liu Daqian , Ma Rui , Ma Zhengang , Peng Zhibin , Wang Yangyang , Liu Yishu , Zhang Yubo , Li Pengfei , Li Mi , Luan Zhiwei , Zhao Yutong , Xu Fangxing , Wang Yansong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSpinal cord injuries (SCIs) often result in secondary damage; therefore, interventions beyond current cell transplantation methods must be explored. The innate phagocytic propensity of macrophages are exploited for artificially aged erythrocytes and developed a delivery system fusing erythrocytes with reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐reactive nanoparticles prepared from a diselenide‐bond cross‐linked organic compound. The system targets peripheral blood macrophages, delivering anti‐glutamate drug‐loaded nanoparticles to the SCI site, releasing the drug upon ROS stimulation. This efficiently enables targeted drug delivery and reprograms peripheral macrophages through synergistic action with erythrocytes and encapsulated nucleic acids, effectively modulating the immune microenvironment in the SCI zone (significantly reduces neuronal apoptosis and alters the macrophage phenotype in the SCI region). The approach effectively addresses glutamate toxicity and immune inflammation by effectively regulating the lesion microenvironment, providing protection to neurons and creating favorable conditions for regeneration. Departing from the conventional “red blood cell backpack” model, the “chocolate chip cookie” concept is paradigm‐altering, enabling multifaceted erythrocyte functions. Collectively, the system comprehensively enhances the post‐SCI microenvironment. Its efficacy in SCI treatment and innovative drug delivery approach open new possibilities for neural function recovery. By laying the groundwork for future clinical applications, the research pioneers a transformative path toward advancing SCI therapeutics.
Uniform Molecular Adsorption Energy‐Driven Homogeneous Crystallization and Dual‐Interface Modification for High Efficiency and Thermal Stability in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Xu Xiaowei , Du Qinghao , Kang Haolong , Gu Xiaoyu , Shan Chengwei , Zeng Jie , Dai Tingting , Yang Qiong , Sun Xiaowen , Li Gongqiang , Zhou Erjun , Luo Guangfu , Xu Baomin , Kyaw Aung Ko Ko 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInterfacial defects between perovskite and adjacent charge transport layers present a significant obstacle, hindering the enhancement of power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To address this challenge, a dual‐interface modification is proposed to aim at improving the performance of mixed‐halide PSCs. Specifically, the hole‐collecting side is modified with 5‐Aminopyridine‐2‐carboxylic Acid (APC), while the electron‐collecting side is modified with 2‐thiopheneethylammonium chloride (TEACl). The multifunctional APC enhances charge transfer by tailoring the interface between the perovskite and poly(triarylamine) (PTAA) through multiple bonding interactions, thereby suppressing interfacial nonradiative recombination. Density functional theory studies reveal that APC on the perovskite surface induces uniform adsorption energy, promoting homogenous crystallization without residual stress. Additionally, APC interlayer eliminates the localized edge states induced by the iodine vacancies near the conduction band edge. Further improvement in the device performance is achieved by passivating the top perovskite surface with TEACl, leading to well‐matched energy bands and reduced vacancy trap states. As a result, champion cell achieves a PCE of 24.87% with an open‐circuit voltage of 1.188 V. Furthermore, The dual‐interface modification improves thermal stability due to enhanced ion‐migration activation energy.
Atomic Fracture Mechanism in Suspended 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Ma Yinhang , Luo Ruichun , Tian Shihao , Ji Yujin , Pennycook Stephen J. , Liu Yuanyue , Yuan Quanzi , Zhou Wu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA comprehensive understanding of atomic fracture mechanisms in 2D materials is essential for their practical applications, yet this knowledge is currently limited. To address this gap, an aberration‐corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to induce new cracks in suspended monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) using broad electron beam illumination, is employed. During characterization, a low‐dose electron beam to avoid irradiation damage, allowing to observe the atomic fracture behavior in these materials, is utilized. The STEM experiments reveal a novel atomic fracture pattern along the zigzag direction, resulting in a distribution where half of the chalcogen atoms (S or Se) adhered to the molybdenum‐terminated (Mo‐T) edge and the other half to the chalcogen‐terminated (S‐T or Se‐T) edge. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that this fracture mode produces a pair of edges with the lowest formation energy. Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations support the observed fracture behavior under a mixed mechanical loading mode of “I+III” with both in‐plane and out‐of‐plane stress, originating from the ultrathin nature and nonplanar deformation in suspended 2D materials. This research offers new insights for the development of 2D fracture mechanics and is pivotal for designing devices incorporating 2D materials.
Ternary Logic Circuit and Neural Network Integration via Small Molecule‐Based Antiambipolar Vertical Electrochemical Transistor
Authors: Deng Ziyi , Yu Yaping , Zhou Yixin , Zhou Jinhao , Xie Miao , Tao Baining , Lai Yueping , Wen Jinjie , Fan Zefeng , Liu Xiangjun , Zhao Dan , Feng Liang‐Wen , Cheng Yuhua , Huang Cheng‐Geng , Yue Wan , Huang Wei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCircuits based on organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have great potential in the fields of biosensors and artificial neural computation due to their biocompatibility and neural similarity. However, the integration of OECT‐based circuits lags far behind other emerging electronics. Here, ternary inverters based on antiambipolar vertical OECTs (vOECTs) and their integration with the establishment of neural networks are demonstrated. Specifically, by adopting a small molecule (t‐gdiPDI) as the channel of vOECT, high antiambipolar performance, with current density of 33.9 ± 2.1 A cm−2 under drain voltage of 0.1 V, peak voltage ≈0 V, low driving voltage < ± 0.6 V, and current on/off ratio > 106, are realized. Consequently, vertically stacked ternary circuits based solely on OECTs are constructed for the first time, showing three distinct logical states and high integration density. By further developing inverter array as the internal fundamental units of ternary weight network hardware circuits for ternary processing and computation, it demonstrates excellent data classification and recognition capabilities. This work demonstrates the possibility of constructing multi‐valued logic circuits by OECTs and promotes a new strategy for high‐density integration and multivalued computing systems based on organic circuits.
Asymmetric Wettability Hydrogel Surfaces for Enduring Electromyographic Monitoring
Authors: Wu Jiahao , Xian Jiabao , He Chaofan , Lin Haowen , Li Jianliang , Li Fengyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHydrogel electrode interfaces have shown tremendous promise in the acquisition of surface electromyography (EMG) signals. However, the perspiration or moisture environments will trigger the deadhesion between hydrogel electrodes and human skin. Despite the hydrophobic/hydrophilic surfaces can perform the anti‐moisture or adhesion respectively, it remains a challenge to integrally form a Janus hydrogel with homogeneous mechanical elasticity and electronic performance. Herein, a surface induction strategy is proposed to approach the hydrophobic/hydrophilic hydrogel surfaces. The hydrophobic interaction between surfactants and molds regulates the distribution of hydrophobic/hydrophilic monomers on the surface. The hydrophobic molds induce a hydrophilic hydrogel surface, while the hydrophilic molds induce a hydrophobic surface. It presents a new phenomenon of reversal wettability inducing and optional hydrogel surfaces. The integral Janus hydrogel can be easily obtained by the hydrophilic molds. Balance of adhesion, elasticity, and conductivity endows the hydrogel electrode patch with durable conformal adhesion and high‐fidelity EMG signals even in the sweaty epidermis due to the asymmetric wettability surfaces. This hydrogel performs the quantitative description of muscle strength and accurate fatigue assessment. It offers a reliable candidate for future practical applications in continuous digital healthcare and intelligent human–machine interaction, even the Metaverse.
Machine Learning‐Enabled Tomographic Imaging of Chemical Short‐Range Atomic Ordering
Authors: Li Yue , Colnaghi Timoteo , Gong Yilun , Zhang Huaide , Yu Yuan , Wei Ye , Gan Bin , Song Min , Marek Andreas , Rampp Markus , Zhang Siyuan , Pei Zongrui , Wuttig Matthias , Ghosh Sheuly , Körmann Fritz , Neugebauer Jörg , Wang Zhangwei , Gault Baptiste 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn solids, chemical short‐range order (CSRO) refers to the self‐organization of atoms of certain species occupying specific crystal sites. CSRO is increasingly being envisaged as a lever to tailor the mechanical and functional properties of materials. Yet quantitative relationships between properties and the morphology, number density, and atomic configurations of CSRO domains remain elusive. Herein, it is showcased how machine learning‐enhanced atom probe tomography (APT) can mine the near‐atomically resolved APT data and jointly exploit the technique's high elemental sensitivity to provide a 3D quantitative analysis of CSRO in a CoCrNi medium‐entropy alloy. Multiple CSRO configurations are revealed, with their formation supported by state‐of‐the‐art Monte‐Carlo simulations. Quantitative analysis of these CSROs allows establishing relationships between processing parameters and physical properties. The unambiguous characterization of CSRO will help refine strategies for designing advanced materials by manipulating atomic‐scale architectures.
TMEM16F Expressed in Kupffer Cells Regulates Liver Inflammation and Metabolism to Protect Against Listeria Monocytogenes
Authors: Tang Jianlong , Song Hua , Li Shimin , Lam Sin Man , Ping Jieming , Yang Mengyun , Li Na , Chang Teding , Yu Ze , Liu Weixiang , Lu Yan , Zhu Min , Tang Zhaohui , Liu Zheng , Guo Yusong R. , Shui Guanghou , Veillette André , Zeng Zhutian , Wu Ning 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInfection by bacteria leads to tissue damage and inflammation, which need to be tightly controlled by host mechanisms to avoid deleterious consequences. It is previously reported that TMEM16F, a calcium‐activated lipid scramblase expressed in various immune cell types including T cells and neutrophils, is critical for the control of infection by bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) in vivo. This function correlated with the capacity of TMEM16F to repair the plasma membrane (PM) damage induced in T cells in vitro, by the Lm toxin listeriolysin O (LLO). However, whether the protective effect of TMEM16F on Lm infection in vivo is mediated by an impact in T cells, or in other cell types, is not determined. Herein, the immune cell types and mechanisms implicated in the protective effect of TMEM16F against Lm in vivo are elucidated. Cellular protective effects of TMEM16F correlated with its capacity of lipid scrambling and augment PM fluidity. Using cell type‐specific TMEM16F‐deficient mice, the indication is obtained that TMEM16F expressed in liver Kupffer cells (KCs), but not in T cells or B cells, is key for protection against Listeria in vivo. In the absence of TMEM16F, Listeria induced PM rupture and fragmentation of KCs in vivo. KC death associated with greater liver damage, inflammatory changes, and dysregulated liver metabolism. Overall, the results uncovered that TMEM16F expressed in Kupffer cells is crucial to protect the host against Listeria infection. This influence is associated with the capacity of Kupffer cell‐expressed TMEM16F to prevent excessive inflammation and abnormal liver metabolism.
Induced Manipulation of Atomically Dispersed Cobalt through S Vacancy for Photocatalytic Water Splitting: Asymmetric Coordination and Dynamic Evolution
Authors: Chen Meixue , Li Minhao , Zhang Shuqu , Liu Xia , Yang Lixia , Song Ren‐Jie , Zou Jian‐Ping , Luo Shenglian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIt is still a challenge to construct single‐atom level reduction and oxidation sites in single‐component photocatalyst by manipulating coordination configuration for photocatalytic water splitting. Herein, the atomically dispersed asymmetric configuration of six‐coordinated Co‐S2O4 (two exposed S atoms, two OH groups, and two Co─O─Zn bonds) suspending on ZnIn2S4 nanosheets verified by combining experimental analysis with theoretical calculation, is applied into photocatalytic water splitting. The Co‐S2O4 site immobilized by Vs acts as oxidation sites to guide electrons transferring to neighboring independent S atom, achieving efficient separation of reduction and oxidation sites. It is worth mentioning that stabilized Co‐S2O4 configuration show dynamic structure evolution to highly active Co‐S1O4 configuration (one exposed S atom, one OH group, and three Co─O─Zn bonds) in reaction, which lowers energy barrier of transition state for H2O activization. Ultimately, the optimized photocatalyst exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity for water splitting (H2: 80.13 µmol g−1 h−1, O2: 37.81 µmol g−1 h−1) and outstanding stability than that of multicomponent photocatalysts due to dynamic and reversible evolution between stable Co‐S2O4 configuration and active Co‐S1O4 configuration. This work demonstrates new cognitions on immobilized strategy through vacancy inducing, manipulating coordination configuration, and dynamic evolution mechanism of single‐atom level catalytic site in photocatalytic water splitting.
Magneto‐Controlled Tubular Liquid Actuators with Pore Engineering for Liquid Transport and Regulation
Authors: Zhao Huan , Wen Ruyi , Zhang Liyun , Chen Linfeng , Li Huizeng , Xia Fan , Song Yanlin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLiquid manipulation using tubular actuators finds diverse applications ranging from microfluidics, printing, liquid transfer to micro‐reactors. Achieving flexible and simple regulation of manipulated liquid droplets during transport is crucial for the tubular liquid actuators to perform complex and multiple functions, yet it remains challenging. Here, a facile tubular actuator for directional transport of various liquid droplets under the control of an externally applied magnetic field is presented. The surfaces of the actuator can be engineered with submillimeter‐sized through‐hole pores, which enables the liquid droplet to be easily modulated in the transport process. Furthermore, the liquid actuator with featured through‐hole pores is expanded to function as a switch in an integrated external electric circuit by magnetically controlling the motion of a conductive liquid droplet. This work develops a strategy for regulating liquid droplets in the tubular actuation systems, which may inspire ideas for designing functional liquid actuators with potential applications in microfluidics, microchemical reaction, liquid switch, and liquid robotics.
Targeting Neuraminidase 4 Attenuates Kidney Fibrosis in Mice
Authors: Xiao Ping‐Ting , Hao Jin‐Hua , Kuang Yu‐Jia , Dai Cai‐Xia , Rong Xiao‐Ling , Jiang Li‐Long , Xie Zhi‐Shen , Zhang Lei , Chen Qian‐Qian , Liu E‐Hu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite significant progress in therapy, there remains a lack of substantial evidence regarding the molecular factors that lead to renal fibrosis. Neuraminidase 4 (NEU4), an enzyme that removes sialic acids from glycoconjugates, has an unclear role in chronic progressive fibrosis. Here, this study finds that NEU4 expression is markedly upregulated in mouse fibrotic kidneys induced by folic acid or unilateral ureter obstruction, and this elevation is observed in patients with renal fibrosis. NEU4 knockdown specifically in the kidney attenuates the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, reduces the production of pro‐fibrotic cytokines, and decreases cellular senescence in male mice. Conversely, NEU4 overexpression exacerbates the progression of renal fibrosis. Mechanistically, NEU4254‐388aa interacts with Yes‐associated protein (YAP) at WW2 domain (231‐263aa), promoting its nucleus translocation and activation of target genes, thereby contributing to renal fibrosis. 3,5,6,7,8,3ʹ,4ʹ‐Heptamethoxyflavone, a natural compound, is identified as a novel NEU4 inhibitor, effectively protecting mice from renal fibrosis in a NEU4‐dependent manner. Collectively, the findings suggest that NEU4 may represent a promising therapeutic target for kidney fibrosis.
Eutectic Network Synergy Interface Modification Strategy to Realize High‐Performance Zn‐I2 Batteries
Authors: Wang Rui , Liu Zixiang , Wan Jiandong , Zhang Xiaoyang , Xu Dinghao , Pan Wei , Zhang Longhai , Li Hongbao , Zhang Chaofeng , Zhang Qianyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractZn‐I2 batteries suffer from uncontrollable shuttle effects of polyiodine ions (I3− and I5−) at the cathode/electrolyte interface and side reactions induced by reactive H2O at the anode/electrolyte interface. In this study, a hydrated eutectic electrolyte is designed that synergizes the eutectic network and functional interfacial adsorbed layer to develop high‐performance Zn‐I2 batteries. The eutectic network can restrain active H2O molecules in the electrolyte to inhibit the side reaction at the anode/electrolyte interface and shuttle effect at the cathode/electrolyte interface. Additionally, the functional interfacial adsorbed layer guides the nucleation behavior of Zn2+ to inhibit the growth of dendrites and also separates the zinc anode from direct contact with active H2O molecules and polyiodine ions to inhibit corrosion. Theoretical calculation, in situ Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV‐vis) and Raman characterizations, and visualization experiments demonstrate that the hydrated eutectic electrolyte effectively inhibits the shuttling effect and improves the reversibility of zinc deposition/stripping behavior. Consequently, the Zn‐I2 battery can maintain a capacity of 133 mAh g−1 after 5000 cycles at 5 C. This highly efficient synergistic strategy offers a practical approach to the development of advanced Zn‐I2 batteries.
Boosting Photocatalytic Upcycling of Liquid Biomass into Biodiesel via Microenvironment Modulation
Authors: He Lijuan , Zhang Li‐Long , Zhou Heng , Nie Yingxia , Wang Hao , Tang Bing , Li Hui , Ma Tianyi , Zhang Heng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe rational design of a photocatalyst and its microenvironmental modulation is crucial in the heterogeneous photocatalysis process, yet relevant research on photocatalytic biodiesel synthesis is not explored. Herein, based on the prediction of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, highly efficient ternary biocompatible montmorillonite (Mt) nanocomposites of S‐scheme heterojunction photocatalysts (g‐C3N4‐TiO2@Mt, CTM) are successfully rationally designed. By modulating the microenvironment in photocatalytic biodiesel production, CTM‐2 demonstrates exceptional catalytic performance and stability, achieving a record‐breaking biodiesel yield of 98.5%. Through ex/in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X‐ray absorption near‐edge spectroscopy (XANES), and theoretical calculations, the formation of S‐scheme heterojunction is revealed, which can generate an interface electric field (IEF) that provides an intrinsic driving force for carrier migration and enhances surface positivity. This boosts the enrichment effect of electronegative oleic acid (OA) carboxyl molecules, thus greatly enriching the substrate concentration and improving the reaction microenvironment. Moreover, in situ fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT‐IR)/Raman together with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) further confirm the formation of key intermediates CH3O• and ester carbonyl (C═O), and DFT calculations provide a key reference for the photocatalytic reaction pathway, of which CTM‐2 is determined to be capable of significantly reducing the energy barrier of rate‐determining step.
Frailty and chronic diseases: A bi‐directional relationship
Authors: Bhattarai Urza , Bashyal Bijaya , Shrestha Anu , Koirala Binu , Sharma Sanjib Kumar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFrailty is a multidimensional syndrome associated with a decline in reserve capacity across multiple organ systems involving physical, psychological, and social aspects. Weakness is the earliest indicator of the frailty process. Multi‐morbidity is the state of presence of two or more chronic diseases. Frailty and chronic diseases are interlinked as frail individuals are more prone to develop chronic diseases and multi‐morbid individuals may present with frailty. They share common risk factors, pathogenesis, progression, and outcomes. Significant risk factors include obesity, smoking, aging, sedentary, and stressful lifestyle. Pathophysiological mechanisms involve high levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines as seen in individuals with frailty and chronic diseases such as hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and anemia. Hence, frailty and chronic diseases go hand in hand and it is of utmost importance to identify them and intervene during early stages. Screening frailty and treating multi‐morbidity incorporate both pharmacological and majorly non‐ pharmacological measures, such as physical activities, nutrition, pro‐active care, minimizing polypharmacy and addressing reversible medical conditions. The purpose of this mini‐review is to highlight the interrelation of frailty and chronic diseases through the discussion of their predictors and outcomes and how timely interventions are essential to prevent the progression of one to the other.
Neuroimaging correlates of Alzheimer's disease biomarker concentrations in a racially diverse high‐risk cohort of middle‐aged adults
Authors: Misiura Maria , Munkombwe Chinkuli , Igwe Kay , Verble Danielle D. , Likos Kelly D. S. , Minto Lex , Bartlett Alexandria , Zetterberg Henrik , Turner Jessica A. , Dotson Vonetta M. , Brickman Adam M. , Hu William T. , Wharton Whitney 
Published: August 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONIn this study, we investigated biomarkers in a midlife, racially diverse, at‐risk cohort to facilitate early identification and intervention. We examined neuroimaging measures, including resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), white matter hyperintensity vo (WMH), and hippocampal volumes, alongside cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers.METHODSOur data set included 76 cognitively unimpaired, middle‐aged, Black Americans (N = 29, F/M = 17/12) and Non‐Hispanic White (N = 47, F/M = 27/20) individuals. We compared cerebrospinal fluid phosphorylated tau141 and amyloid beta (Aβ)42 to fMRI default mode network (DMN) subnetwork connectivity, WMH volumes, and hippocampal volumes.RESULTSResults revealed a significant race × Aβ42 interaction in Black Americans: lower Aβ42 was associated with reduced DMN connectivity and increased WMH volumes regions but not in non‐Hispanic White individuals.DISCUSSIONOur findings suggest that precuneus DMN connectivity and temporal WMHs may be linked to Alzheimer's disease risk pathology during middle age, particularly in Black Americans.Highlights
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ)42 relates to precuneus functional connectivity in Black, but not White, Americans.
Higher white matter hyperintensity volume relates to lower CSF Aβ42 in Black Americans.
Precuneus may be a hub for early Alzheimer's disease pathology changes detected by functional connectivity.