bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Objects for a “healthy lifestyle”: children's material culture and physical activities
Authors: Garnier Pascale 
Published: November 2013

Purpose
– The aim of the research is to emphasise the role of material culture, and especially the role of objects related to physical activities, in children's socialization. It involves children's bodies but also symbolic meanings and values which introduce children to the universe of sport's consumption.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research is grounded on the construction of a system of objects related to children's physical activities in France. The production of a corpus of objects involves a methodological circle where the choice of the objects goes together with a reflexive analysis about the operations of categorization of objects. The analysis of objects require both technological and semiotical approaches.

Findings
– In the context of globalization and commodification of childhood, but also of the globalization and mediatization of sports, the research shows that objects for children's physical activities are inscribed in a double transformation: sportification of children's games and childification of sports.

Research limitations/implications
– The research focuses on material culture and does not investigate children's uses of the objects for physical activity and does not determine the process of their conception and design.

Practical implications
– The paper emphasises the difference between two faces of children's physical activities: spending calories and the development of motor skills and interpretative competences linked to sports' culture and children's mass culture.

Originality Value
– In contrast to the work done on food and digital culture, the field of children's physical activities and sports is not as well researched. This is especially the case for the objects designed for children and this research is one of the first in the field in international literature. It constitutes also the first attempt for including this topic in the worlds of children's consumption.
Pollinator body size mediates the scale at which land use drives crop pollination services
Authors: E. Benjamin Faye , R. Reilly James , Winfree Rachael 
Published: November 2013

Summary

Ecosystem services to agriculture, such as pollination, rely on natural areas adjacent to farmland to support organisms that provide services. Native insect pollinators depend on natural or semi‐natural land surrounding farms for nesting and alternative foraging resources. Despite interest in conserving pollinators through habitat restoration, the scale at which land use affects pollinators and thus crop pollination services is not well understood.

We measured abundance of native, wild bee pollinators and the pollination services they provided to highbush blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum L. crops at 16 sites that varied in the proportion of surrounding agricultural land cover at both the field scale (300‐m radius) and the landscape scale (1500‐m radius). We designed our study such that agricultural land cover at the field scale was uncorrelated with agricultural cover at the landscape scale across sites. We used model selection to determine which spatial scale better predicted aggregate bee abundance, abundance of large versus small bees and crop pollination services.

We found that, overall, bees responded more strongly to field‐scale than to landscape‐scale land cover, but the scale at which land cover had the strongest effect varied by bee body size. Large bees showed a negative response to increasing agricultural cover at both scales, but were most strongly affected by the landscape scale. Small bees were negatively affected by agricultural land cover but only at the field scale, while they had a small positive response to agricultural cover at the landscape scale.

Aggregate pollination services from native bees were more strongly influenced by field‐scale agricultural cover, due to the combined effects of both large and small bees responding at that scale.

Synthesis and applications. Bee abundance and pollination services were strongly determined by field‐scale agricultural cover, suggesting that field‐scale set‐asides may provide significant benefits to pollination services. Further, we found that pollinators respond differently to land use depending on body size, but all groups of bees benefit from decreasing agricultural cover at the field scale. Therefore, small‐scale modifications to habitat can have significant impacts on both pollinator abundance and pollination services to crop plants.
Synthetic microbial ecosystems: an exciting tool to understand and apply microbial communities
Authors: De Roy Karen , Marzorati Massimo , Van den Abbeele Pieter , Van de Wiele Tom , Boon Nico 
Published: November 2013

SummaryMany microbial ecologists have described the composition of microbial communities in a plenitude of environments, which has greatly improved our basic understanding of microorganisms and ecosystems. However, the factors and processes that influence the behaviour and functionality of an ecosystem largely remain black boxes when using conventional approaches. Therefore, synthetic microbial ecology has gained a lot of interest in the last few years. Because of their reduced complexity and increased controllability, synthetic communities are often preferred over complex communities to examine ecological theories. They limit the factors that influence the microbial community to a minimum, allowing their management and identifying specific community responses. However, besides their use for basic research, synthetic ecosystems also found their way towards different applications, like industrial fermentation and bioremediation. Here, we review why and how synthetic microbial communities are applied for research purposes and for which applications they have been and could be successfully used.
Quick Response Code In Acrylic Denture: Will it Respond When Needed?
Authors: Ragavendra Thayappa Raju , Mhaske Shubhangi , Gouraha Abhishek , Yuwanathi Monal , Kamath Kavitha P. , Saawarn Swati , Kasetty Sowmya 
Published: November 2013

AbstractUse of acids and other caustic substances in destroying the human body to avoid personal identification is drawing great deal of attention in recent times. With rapid industrial growth, incidence of industrial disasters has increased. In an event of chemical industry disaster, human identification can become a challenge. Embedding bar codes and other electronic means for identification in denture have proved to be a novel innovation in identification of edentulous patients. However, the validity of this method in events of chemical extremes has not been assessed. Hence, the study was undertaken to know the effect of different acids on dentures embedded with quick response codes. Results of this study indicate that simple bar code can be readable up to 33 h after acid treatment. With minimal armamentarium, bar code can be generated incorporating large data into it, providing it to be a cheap and reliable means of denture identification.
Women Victims of Violent Partners: The Italian Situation Amid Culture and Psychopathology
Authors: Carabellese Felice , Tamma Manuela , La Tegola Donatella , Candelli Chiara , Catanesi Roberto 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn 2006, the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT) conducted a survey over the entire national territory of women victims of sexual, physical, and psychologic violence, a few years after the first survey, conducted in 2002. For the 2002 survey, respondents were 60,000 women, 22,759 of whom were aged 14–59 years. For the 2006 survey, the sample consisted of 25,000 women aged 16–70 years. Owing to the sensitivity of the issues, the telephone survey technique seems best suited because it provides more anonymity and guarantee of protection. The survey showed that the phenomenon of violence against women is most commonly perpetrated by the partner or ex‐partner, even in cases of homicide. A comparison of the Italian data with those of the U.S.A. for the period 2001–2006 showed a specificity of Intimate Partner Violence in Italy, that seems to be related to cultural elements and psychologic and psychopathologic factors.
Relationship between working‐memory network function and substance use: a 3‐year longitudinal fMRI study in heavy cannabis users and controls
Authors: Cousijn Janna , Vingerhoets Wilhelmina A. M. , Koenders Laura , de Haan Lieuwe , van den Brink Wim , Wiers Reinout W. , Goudriaan Anna E. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDeficient executive functions play an important role in the development of addiction. Working‐memory may therefore be a powerful predictor of the course of drug use, but chronic substance use may also impair working‐memory. The aim of this 3‐year longitudinal neuro‐imaging study was to investigate the relationship between substance use (e.g. alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, illegal psychotropic drugs) and working‐memory network function over time in heavy cannabis users and controls. Forty‐nine participants performed an n‐back working‐memory task at baseline and at 3‐year follow‐up. At follow‐up, there were 22 current heavy cannabis users, 4 abstinent heavy cannabis users and 23 non‐cannabis‐using controls. Tensor‐independent component analysis (Tensor‐ICA) was used to investigate individual differences in working‐memory network functionality over time. Within the group of cannabis users, cannabis‐related problems remained stable, whereas alcohol‐related problems, nicotine dependence and illegal psychotropic substance use increased over time. At both measurements, behavioral performance and network functionality during the n‐back task did not differ between heavy cannabis users and controls. Although n‐back accuracy improved, working‐memory network function remained stable over time. Within the group of cannabis users, working‐memory network functionality was not associated with substance use. These results suggest that sustained moderate to heavy levels of cannabis, nicotine, alcohol and illegal psychotropic substance use do not change working‐memory network functionality. Moreover, baseline network functionality did not predict cannabis use and related problems three years later, warranting longitudinal studies in more chronic or dependent cannabis users.
Relationship between anxiety and quality of life in older mental health patients
Authors: Sarma Shanthi I , Byrne Gerard J 
Published: November 2013

AimThis study aims to investigate the impact of anxiety on quality of life (QOL) in older people with mental disorders.MethodForty patients from a district Older Persons Mental Health Service were assessed using the Mini‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI‐5). They then completed the brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL‐BREF), Geriatric Anxiety Inventory and Geriatric Depression Scale.ResultsSelf‐reported anxiety was significantly associated with reduced overall QOL on the WHOQOL‐BREF. Anxiety was also associated with the psychological, social and environmental domains of the WHOQOL‐BREF, but not with the physical health domain. Anxiety was correlated with more individual domains of QOL than depression.ConclusionsAnxiety makes a significant contribution to self‐rated QOL in older people with serious mental disorders.
A Sliding Mode‐Based Starling‐Like Controller for Implantable Rotary Blood Pumps
Authors: Bakouri Mohsen A. , Salamonsen Robert F. , Savkin Andrey V. , AlOmari Abdul‐Hakeem H. , Lim Einly , Lovell Nigel H. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractClinically adequate implementation of physiological control of a rotary left ventricular assist device requires a sophisticated technique such as the recently proposed method based on the Frank–Starling mechanism. In this mechanism, the stroke volume of the heart increases in response to an increase in the volume of blood filling the left ventricle at the end of diastole. To emulate this process, changes in pump speed need to automatically regulate pump flow to ensure that the combined output of the left ventricle and pump match the output of the right ventricle across changing cardiovascular states. In this approach, we exploit the linear relationship between estimated mean pump flow and pump flow pulsatility in a tracking control algorithm based on sliding mode control. The immediate response of the controller was assessed using a lumped parameter model of the cardiovascular system (CVS) and pump from which could be extracted both and . Two different perturbations from the resting state in the presence of left ventricular failure were tested. The first was blood loss requiring a reduction in pump flow to match the reduced output from the right ventricle and to avoid the complication of ventricular suction. The second was exercise, requiring an increase in pump flow. The sliding mode controller induced the required changes in Qp within approximately five heart beats in the blood loss simulation and eight heart beats in the exercise simulation without clinically significant transients or steady‐state errors.
Preliminary study of faecal cortisol and corticosterone as an index of acute cortisol secretion in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)
Authors: Johnston SD , Booth RA , Pyne M , Keeley T , Mackie JT , Hulse L , Ellis W 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundStress can play a role in disease incidence in all species via immunosuppression and has been implicated as a contributing factor in significant infectious diseases of koalas. Faecal cortisol measurement may represent a non‐invasive methodology for quantifying stress in koalas.MethodsWe used an ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) stimulation test (10 IU) to induce sustained secretion of cortisol, which was measured in serum samples from four koalas and subsequently it was attempted to locate a corresponding elevation in either cortisol or corticosterone measurements within the faeces.ResultsAlthough ACTH administration resulted in an elevation of serum cortisol for at least 4 h post injection, it was not possible to identify a corresponding peak in corticosterone or cortisol concentrations in extracts from the faeces, consistent with the known gut transit time of the koala.ConclusionFaecal cortisol and corticosterone metabolites may not be reliable indices of acute changes in cortisol secretion in the koala and studies that attempt to use faecal cortisol as an index of stress will need to be interpreted with caution.
Management of respiratory failure from tick paralysis
Authors: Webster RA , Haskins S , Mackay B 
Published: November 2013

ObjectiveThe primary objective of this review is to improve the recognition and management of respiratory failure in dogs and cats treated for tick paralysis in veterinary practice.OutlineWe review the definitions of respiratory failure in dogs and cats, differentiating hypoxaemic lung failure and hypercapnic ventilation failure. We also identify unsustainable breathing effort, despite normal blood gas values, as a form of respiratory failure. We analyse the research into possible mechanisms of respiratory failure in dogs and cats with tick paralysis and propose strategies that may aid in identification and management of respiratory failure when it develops in small animal patients affected by tick paralysis.ConclusionsDogs and cats with tick paralysis may develop respiratory failure despite management with tick antiserum. Prompt recognition and effective support strategies should improve the survival of these patients.
Serological and growth rate responses to the use of chicken Newcastle disease vaccines in pigeons
Authors: Scott PC , Wilson TB , Walker C 
Published: November 2013

ObjectiveIn the face of an outbreak of pigeon paramyxovirus (PPMV), a vaccination response study was undertaken to determine if pigeons in Australia would produce a serological response similar to that considered protective in chickens.DesignA vaccination study evaluated serological response and safety criteria in groups of 20 pigeons.MethodsOne group served as unvaccinated controls; one group was vaccinated with a live V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and subsequently revaccinated 28 days later with an inactivated La Sota strain vaccine; the third group was vaccinated twice with the inactivated La Sota strain vaccine 28 days apart. Serum was collected from the birds for serology 28, 56, 120 and 196 days after each treatment. Safety of the vaccines was determined using observation of the birds and body weight change. Serology was performed using three variations of the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, including chicken red blood cells (RBC) with either V4 NDV or PPMV as the antigen and pigeon RBC with V4 NDV as the antigen. A commercial NDV ELISA test was also used.ResultsAt 28 days after the second vaccination, the geometric mean titres were 6.8 and 7.3 for the live/inactivated vaccine regimen and the inactivated/inactivated regimen, respectively. The serological response of birds vaccinated with the inactivated/inactivated regimen was significantly greater than that of the controls for all of the serological tests used.ConclusionVaccination of pigeons with two doses of chicken NDV vaccine 28 days apart was safe and resulted in antibody levels considered protective for NDV in chickens.
Bovine viral diarrhoea virus in beef heifers in commercial herds in Australia: mob‐level seroprevalences and incidences of seroconversion, and vaccine efficacy
Authors: Morton JM , Phillips NJ , Taylor LF , McGowan MR 
Published: November 2013

ObjectivesTo describe management group (mob)‐level seroprevalences and incidences of seroconversion to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), and to determine the efficacy of a vaccine against BVDV, in beef heifers in commercial herds in Australia.MethodsSeroprevalences were assessed in 38 mobs of beef heifers. Of them, 15 mobs that were considered to be at higher risk of BVDV transmission during the upcoming mating period underwent further serological monitoring, and were included in a double‐blind controlled trial to assess vaccine efficacy.ResultsIn 66% of mobs, less than half the heifers were seropositive some months before mating start date. However, in only 2 mobs was the incidence of seroconversion during the mating period greater than 10%, with a very high incidence of seroconversion observed in only 1 mob. The pregnancy proportion in placebo‐treated heifers in this mob was acceptable (89%), but a high proportion of placebo‐treated heifers (26%) had persistently infected calves. The efficacy of the Pestigard® vaccine in preventing the birth of infected calves was estimated as 80%.ConclusionsOutbreaks of serious BVDV‐related disease are relatively uncommon in mobs of beef heifers, but when they occur, the impact can be large. This highlights the need to approach BVDV control from a risk‐assessment perspective, where the likelihood and consequences of widespread BVDV infection in a mob are jointly assessed. Pestigard® vaccination of naïve heifers prior to mating reduces the risk of transplacental infection with BVDV if heifers are exposed to BVDV during early pregnancy.
Restoration of Neotropical grasslands degraded by quarrying using hay transfer
Authors: Le Stradic Soizig , Buisson Elise , Fernandes Geraldo W. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAimThe campos rupestres are species‐rich tropical mountain grasslands in southeast Brazil that are threatened by mining and quarrying. Eight years following a strong disturbance (i.e. quarrying for gravel exploitation during the asphalting of highway MG‐010), spontaneous succession did not occur on degraded areas. This study was therefore designed to test the restoration technique of hay transfer as a means of enhancing seed dispersal from the reference ecosystems to the degraded areas.LocationCampo rupestre grasslands, Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil.MethodsNine degraded areas representing three kinds of substrate (latosol, sandy and stony) were selected. Hay transfer was carried out using hay collected in two kinds of grassland (i.e. campos arenosos and campos pedregosos) year‐round in 2010, in order to maximize the seed pool. The collected hay was distributed on 40 cm × 40 cm quadrats among the three types of substrate, with and without geotextile, according to the following protocol: hay from campo arenoso grasslands was spread on all types of substrate, while hay from campo pedregoso grasslands was used on stony substrate only.ResultsFew seedlings emerged within 14 mo of the treatment application, despite the large number of seeds contained in the hay, indicating that hay transfer may not be a useful method for restoring degraded areas of campos rupestres. The seedlings emerging on the degraded areas mainly belonged to ruderal species. Therefore, we suggest that, although poor soil conditions could limit seedling establishment, germination issues of the campo rupestre species are the first limitation for restoring degraded campos rupestres using hay transfer.ConclusionOur results highlight the inherent difficulty in restoring degraded areas of campos rupestres; their protection must be made a high conservation priority.
Subclassification of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma by the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) improves prediction of oncological outcome
Authors: Luo Hao‐Lun , Chen Yen‐Ta , Chuang Yao‐Chi , Cheng Yuan‐Tso , Lee Wei‐Ching , Kang Chih‐Hsiung , Chiang Po‐Hui 
Published: November 2013

ObjectiveTo examine the potential role of the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for subclassification of localised upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUT‐UC).Patients and MethodsFrom 2004 to 2010, 234 patients with localised UUT‐UC underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). NLRs were only obtained under afebrile conditions before RNU. Patients that underwent neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. The prognostic impact of the NLR was assessed using the log‐rank test and multivariate analyses.ResultsOnly advanced pathological stage (>T2) and a NLR of >3 were independently associated with metastasis (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively) and cancer‐specific mortality (P = 0.002 and P = 0.006, respectively). The use of a NLR of >3 further identified a poor prognostic group, especially in patients with T3 UUT‐UC for metastasis‐free survival and cancer‐specific survival (log‐rank test, both P < 0.001).ConclusionsFor localised UUT‐UC, pathological stage and preoperative NLR independently predict systemic recurrence and cancer‐specific death after RNU. Using the NLR for subclassification of T3 UUT‐UC seems to further identify a poor prognostic group and may help with clinical decisions about treatment intervention in clinical practice.