bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and impact of frailty in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis based on modified frailty index
Authors: Xia Liwen , Yin Rulan , Mao Lifen , Shi Xiaoqing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFrailty has been linked to unfavorable postoperative outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the prevalence of frailty among CRC surgery patients and its association with mortality and postoperative complications, as evaluated by the modified frailty index (mFI), have not been thoroughly investigated and necessitate clarification. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and CBM databases were systematically searched for relevant studies (up to January 2024), and the pooled prevalence and odds ratio (OR) estimate were calculated. A total of 16 studies containing 245 747 patients undergoing CRC surgery were included. The prevalence of frailty among CRC surgery patients was 31% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 20%–42%; I2 = 100%, p < 0.001). In patients undergoing CRC surgery, frailty was associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications (OR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.47–2.56; I2 = 91.9%, p < 0.001), but it did not exhibit any significant correlation with the 30‐day mortality (OR = 5.17; 95% CI = 0.39–68.64; I2 = 94.4%, p < 0.001). Frailty is common in CRC surgery and exerts a significant negative impact on the postoperative outcomes. Future research could explore the potential of the mFI to facilitate a more streamlined and precise quantification of frailty, thereby establishing a refined understanding of its correlation with surgery prognosis.
Conceptualizing disparities and differences in the psychobiology of traumatic stress
Authors: Correa Kelly A. , Michopoulos Vasiliki , Stevens Jennifer S. , Harnett Nathaniel G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding biological pathways that mediate trauma‐related psychopathology is a major goal for traumatic stress studies. There is growing interest in studying differences in neural, physiological, and behavioral correlates of traumatic stress across demographic groups (e.g., sex/gender, race/ethnicity). However, challenges remain in how to appropriately conceptualize the source, mechanisms, and practical utility of between‐group variation. The present brief conceptual review discusses ethnicity, race, and sex/gender‐related variability relevant to understanding the psychobiology of traumatic stress in the context of traumatic stress studies. We discuss recent evidence related to socioenvironmental influences on ethnoracial variability in the brain and behavior relevant to traumatic stress, as well as sex/gender associations in neurophysiology that may contribute to the development of adverse posttraumatic sequelae. We further synthesize these findings by discussing intersectional influences of sex/gender‐ and race/ethnicity‐related factors on trauma‐related physical and mental health outcomes. The present review provides an important foundation for future research on disparities and individual differences in traumatic stress to move the field toward more effective assessment and treatment approaches.
Seasonal patterns of microbial diversity across the world oceans
Authors: Raes Eric J. , Myles Shannon , MacNeil Liam , Wietz Matthias , Bienhold Christina , Tait Karen , Somerfield Paul J. , Bissett Andrew , van de Kamp Jodie , Gasol Josep M. , Massana Ramon , Yeh Yi‐Chun , Fuhrman Jed A. , LaRoche Julie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the patterns of marine microbial diversity (Bacteria + Archaea) is essential, as variations in their alpha‐ and beta‐diversities can affect ecological processes. Investigations of microbial diversity from global oceanographic expeditions and basin‐wide transects show positive correlations between microbial diversity and either temperature or productivity, but these studies rarely captured seasonality, especially in polar regions. Here, using multiannual alpha‐diversity data from eight time series in the northern and southern hemispheres, we show that marine microbial community richness and evenness generally correlate more strongly with daylength than with temperature or chlorophyll a (a proxy for photosynthetic biomass). This pattern is observable across time series found in the northern and southern hemispheres regardless of collection method, DNA extraction protocols, targeted 16S rRNA hypervariable region, sequencing technology, or bioinformatics pipeline.
Patient Satisfaction in Rural Versus Non‐Rural US Hospitals
Authors: Vu Sharon , Reese Logan , Patel Neha , Hung Man 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAssessing patient satisfaction is an effective way to provide an evaluation of the quality of healthcare services. As a result, the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) Patient Survey was established as the first standardized national survey to publicly report patient ratings on hospital care. There remains a lack of research that examines rural–urban distinctions in patient satisfaction. The objective of this study was to investigate if there is a difference in hospital determinants of patient satisfaction among hospitals based on rural status.MethodsThe study utilized two public datasets containing HCAHPS survey results from 4714 US hospitals and from eligible cancer hospitals that participate in the Prospective Payment System‐Exempt Cancer Hospital Quality Reporting. The data were collected from July 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022 and published by Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Rural status of each hospital was determined by matching zip codes with data provided by the Health Resources & Services Administration.ResultsA total of 3248 hospitals were included in the analysis, with approximately 51.14% located in rural areas. There was a significant difference across every hospital determinant when comparing rural and non‐rural status. Rural hospitals had a higher score for every hospital determinant (Cleanliness, Nurse communication, Doctor communication, Staff responsiveness, Communication about medicines, Discharge information, Care transition, Overall hospital rating, Quietness, and Willingness to recommend the hospital), indicating better performance.ConclusionRural hospitals demonstrated better HCAHPS performance across every hospital determinant in comparison to urban hospitals, suggesting possible recent improvements. Future research is necessary to investigate this trend and its consistency, which can inform targeted interventions to better address the healthcare needs of diverse populations in the United States.
Public Health Word of the Year 2023 — Conflict
Authors: Lucero‐Prisno Don Eliseo , Ogaya Jerico B. , Shomuyiwa Deborah O. , Adebisi Yusuff Adebayo , Kouwenhoven M. B. N. , Ogunkola Isaac Olushola , Goodness Odey , Jimoh Nafisat Dasola , Ahmed Mohamed Mustaf , Dorji Thinley 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe term “conflict” resonated throughout 2023, echoing prolonged civil wars and heightened global tensions in geopolitical disputes, escalating ongoing rifts among global communities, and exacerbating the humanitarian crisis. This article explores the complex relationship between conflicts and public health, providing a thorough analysis of their dynamics and current prevalence. It aims to illuminate the diverse challenges posed and delineate a holistic path forward to mitigate violent conflicts and ameliorate health disparities, particularly among affected low‐ and middle‐income countries, by advancing an equitable and resilient healthcare system. The expanded perspective of “conflict” reveals far‐reaching consequences that extend beyond borders, significantly straining public health capacity. The world is in dire need of reinvigorating healthcare systems and de‐escalating such violent conflicts due to the relentless exhaustion of resources and the increasing demand for medical emergencies that current responses inadequately address. The damage to vital healthcare facilities in conflict zones severely hampers the provision of necessary and timely medical care, affecting a wide range of health services, including treatment for chronic illnesses, maternal and child care, and mental health support. Additionally, the continuous displacement of people in these areas increases their susceptibility to infectious diseases, raising the possibility of new outbreaks and worsening long‐standing public health challenges. Therefore, prioritizing public health in diplomatic efforts is essential for resolving conflicts and aiding recovery, through building a strong public health strategic approach for a more stable and peaceful global community.
A mixed finite‐element, finite‐volume, semi‐implicit discretisation for atmospheric dynamics: Spherical geometry
Authors: Melvin Thomas , Shipway Ben , Wood Nigel , Benacchio Tommaso , Bendall Thomas , Boutle Ian , Brown Alex , Johnson Christine , Kent James , Pring Stephen , Smith Chris , Zerroukat Mohamed , Cotter Colin , Thuburn John 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOur previously described reformulation of the Met Office's dynamical core for weather and climate prediction is extended to spherical domains using a cubed‐sphere mesh. We update the semi‐implicit mixed finite‐element formulation to be suitable for spherical domains. In particular, the finite‐volume transport scheme is extended to take account of non‐uniform, non‐orthogonal meshes and uses an advective‐then‐flux formulation so that increment from the transport scheme is linear in the divergence. The resulting model is then applied to a standard set of dry dynamical core tests and compared with the existing semi‐implicit semi‐Lagrangian dynamical core currently used in the Met Office's operational model.
A novel equipment remaining useful life prediction approach considering dynamic maintenance threshold
Authors: Ren Li'Na , Li Kangning , Li Xueliang , Wang Ziqian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn conventional remaining useful life (RUL) prediction approaches grounded on maintenance, the maintenance threshold is typically established as a stationary value. However, the actual maintenance threshold may exceed its preset value due to the uncertainty of degradation and other factors. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the dynamic maintenance threshold to improve the precision of remaining useful life prediction. By considering the Wiener process, the maintenance threshold error is introduced to reflect the dynamic nature of the maintenance threshold. The influence of maintenance on degradation amount, degradation rate, and degradation path are comprehensively considered to establish a multi‐stage maintenance‐affected degradation process model. The RUL formula of the equipment is derived using the first hitting time (FHT). The maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) approach and Bayesian theory are employed to estimate the model's parameters. The proposed approach is validated using simulation data and gyroscope degradation data. The outcomes reveal that the proposed approach can significantly enhance the precision of life prediction for the equipment.
Assessing the role of field isolated Pseudomonas and Bacillus as growth‐promoting rizobacteria on avocado (Persea americana) seedlings
Authors: Solórzano‐Acosta Richard A. , Quispe Kenyi R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis research aims to assess the efficacy of two genera of rhizobacteria from avocado field isolated: Pseudomonas and Bacillus, as plant growth‐promoting microorganisms in Hass avocado trees grafted onto Zutano rootstock.Materials and MethodsThe siderophore‐producing and phosphate‐solubilizing capacity of each isolated strain was determined and plant growth‐promoting activity, nutrient accumulation, and nutrient use efficiency in Zutano variety avocado seedlings were evaluated. Molecular identification was carried out by amplification of the 16S rDNA gene of the isolated strains.ResultsPseudomonas putida, Lysinibacillus macroides, Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus, Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, were identified as the PGPR of the Bacillus and Pseudomonas genera, predominant in the avocado rhizosphere. There was found 11 phosphate solubilizing strains and 2 siderophore‐producing strains. The phosphate‐solubilizing strains, B. subtilis and P. plecoglossicida, stimulated the growth of Zutano seedlings, increasing their root dry weight (g), stem dry weight (g), leaf dry weight (g) and leaf area (cm2). Significant differences were found in nutrient uptake efficiency between inoculated plants and noninoculated plants. The increase in root biomass responded to greater phosphorus and potassium absorption in plants inoculated with P. plecoglossicida, due to this strain's high phosphate solubilization efficiency (266%).ConclusionsThe highest plant growth promotion strains were Bac F (B. subtilis), Bac M (P. plecoglossicida) and P1 (P. putida), which achieved the highest increase in root and leaf dry weight, as well as the highest nutrient extractions and nutrient uptake efficiency.
Preparation and Visible Light Catalytic Performance of Fe3O4/Ag/BiVO4/Sepiolite Composites
Authors: Gu Yao , Shi Dongjian , Wang Liang , Chen Mingqing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo increase specific surface area and light utilization of photo‐catalysts, a series of Fe3O4/Ag/BiVO4/sepiolite composites with different Fe3O4 contents were synthesized via co‐precipitation. The structure, composition, and optical properties of these composites were characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption and desorption (BET), UV‐Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV‐Vis DRS), and fluorescence spectroscopy (PL). The photo‐catalytic activity of the composites was further evaluated using rhodamine B as a model for photo‐catalytic degradation. The results revealed that the composites with optimal Fe3O4 loading exhibited the narrowest bandgap width, approximately 2.13 eV, and the highest electron‐hole pair separation efficiency. Rhodamine B could be almost completely degraded within a short illumination time in the presence of the Fe3O4/Ag/BiVO4/sepiolite composites. The degradation mechanism of rhodamine B was proposed to involve the improvement of the photo‐catalytic activity of the resulting composites by the Fe3O4 and the Z‐type heterojunction structure. Additionally, the composites could be recycled and reused multiple times, making them an environmentally friendly and sustainable option.
Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Nanocrystal‐Doped Cellulose Triacetate Optical Films by Sol‐Gel Process
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Tang Shan , Zhang Qiang , Jiang Yuanzhang , Tan Lin , Xia Zhaoxia , Wang Zhaojiang , Liu Libin , Zhang Yong , Wang Guixin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA bio‐based nanocomposite optical film was obtained through a simple sol‐gel process and solution casting. The dispersion effect of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) gel and the optical properties, mechanical performance and thermal stability of CNC‐doped cellulose triacetate (TAC) films (TAC−X) were systematically evaluated. The results show that CNCs can be well dispersed in hydrophobic organic solvents and TAC matrices through the sol‐gel process. TAC−X film has excellent optical properties, its light transmittance is above 92 %, its haze value and birefringence are low, ranging from 0.21±0.01 % to 0.38±0.02 %, and (1.64±0.26)×10−6 to (2.49±0.50)×10−6 respectively. When doped with 2 wt % CNCs, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the TAC‐2 film were 33.0 % and 30.1 % higher than those of the pure TAC film, separately. At the same time, the TAC−X film also maintains good thermal stability, with its glass transition temperature and maximum decomposition temperature falling between 215–216 °C and 366–368 °C respectively. The simple sol‐gel process provides a convenient and efficient way to use CNCs doping to enhance the physical and mechanical properties of TAC optical films.
A Comprehensive Review of The Molecular Dynamic Study Of Chalcones, Coumarins and Chromones as Selective MAO‐B Inhibitors [2015‐Till Date]
Authors: Rachel Thomas Riya , Chandran Namitha , Thomas Parambi Della Grace , Kumar Sunil , Alsahli Tariq G. , Verma Shivani , Al‐Sehemi Abdullah G. , Mathew Bijo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMolecular dynamics (MD) simulation is an in silico method used in the biomolecular level of research to study how the protein interacts with the target with time. It provides a detailed information of the protein dynamics and ligand structure with the crucial amino acid interactions. Monoamine oxidase B (MAO−B) is a crucial isoenzyme responsible for the catalyses of oxidative deamination of various biogenic amines in the brain and peripheral tissues. The selective inhibitors of MAO−B are considered as the management of symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease(AD) and Parkinson disease(PD). Recently the structural scaffolds containing chalcones, coumarins and chromones derived candidates shown potent, selective, competitive and reversible type of MAO−B inhibitors. The structural similarities between the above scaffolds can produce almost similar type of interactions in the inhibitor binding cavity of MAO−B. Numerous molecular simulation reports were supported by the above mentioned fact. The current review focus on the last ten year molecular dynamics report of chalcones, coumarins and chromones towards MAO−B inhibition. The review also focuses on the software details used in the MD dynamics simulation and the structural requirement from each class of compound for the recognition of MAO−B inhibitory activity.
Harnessing Holey MXene/Graphene Oxide Heterostructure to Maximize Ion Channels in Lamellar Film for High‐Performance Capacitive Deionization
Authors: Zhang Hao , Pang Bo , Di Andi , Chang Jian , Héraly Frédéric , Sikdar Anirban , Pang Kanglei , Guo Xin , Li Jiansheng , Yuan Jiayin , Zhang Miao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract2D Ti3C2Tx MXene‐based film electrodes with metallic conductivity and high pseudo‐capacitance are of considerable interest in cutting‐edge research of capacitive deionization (CDI). Further advancement in practical use is however impeded by their intrinsic limitations, e.g., tortuous ion diffusion pathway of layered stacking, vulnerable chemical stability, and swelling‐prone nature of hydrophilic MXene nanosheet in aqueous environment. Herein, a nanoporous 2D/2D heterostructure strategy is established to leverage both merits of holey MXene (HMX) and holey graphene oxide (HGO) nanosheets, which optimize ion transport shortcuts, alleviate common restacking issues, and improve film's mechanical and chemical stability. In this design, the nanosized in‐plane holes in both handpicked building blocks build up ion diffusion shortcuts in the composite laminates to accelerate the transport and storage of ions. As a direct outcome, the HMX/rHGO films exhibit remarkable desalination capacity of 57.91 mg g−1 and long‐term stability in 500 mg L−1 NaCl solution at 1.2 V. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulations and ex situ wide angle X‐ray scattering jointly demonstrate that the conductive 2D/2D networks and ultra‐short ion diffusion channels play critical roles in the ion intercalation/deintercalation process of HMX/rHGO films. The study paves an alternative design concept of freestanding CDI electrodes with superior ion transport efficiency.
What is a green capitalism? Insights from the social system theory
Authors: Brezovec Erik , Schweiger Stefan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, it is argued that the economy as a social system is a conditio sine qua non to the environmental observations of the other social systems. Economic code of payment or nonpayment pre‐code environment, observed from the other social systems (for example, politics and science). By using this approach, the paper discusses the ways in which capitalism as an economic program is interpreted by other systems most of the time as the conditio sine qua non for their own autopoiesis regarding ecological challenges.It is debated that green capitalism is a form of a functionally differentiated economic system which is made as a conditio sine qua non for the other systems observation of ecological challenges. In the time dimension, money as a medium of economic system (and payment or nonpayment) comes first, and with it, tries to determine the ways other systems can observe ecology ‐ and it is successful.
Automated data transfer for digital twin applications: Two case studies
Authors: Molin Hanna , Wärff Christoffer , Lindblom Erik , Arnell Magnus , Carlsson Bengt , Mattsson Per , Bäckman Jonas , Jeppsson Ulf 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDigital twins have been gaining an immense interest in various fields over the last decade. Bringing conventional process simulation models into (near) real time are thought to provide valuable insights for operators, decision makers, and stakeholders in many industries. The objective of this paper is to describe two methods for implementing digital twins at water resource recovery facilities and highlight and discuss their differences and preferable use situations, with focus on the automated data transfer from the real process. Case 1 uses a tailor‐made infrastructure for automated data transfer between the facility and the digital twin. Case 2 uses edge computing for rapid automated data transfer. The data transfer lag from process to digital twin is low compared to the simulation frequency in both systems. The presented digital twin objectives can be achieved using either of the presented methods. The method of Case 1 is better suited for automatic recalibration of model parameters, although workarounds exist for the method in Case 2. The method of Case 2 is well suited for objectives such as soft sensors due to its integration with the SCADA system and low latency. The objective of the digital twin, and the required latency of the system, should guide the choice of method.Practitioner Points
Various methods can be used for automated data transfer between the physical system and a digital twin.
Delays in the data transfer differ depending on implementation method.
The digital twin objective determines the required simulation frequency.
Implementation method should be chosen based on the required simulation frequency.
Symmetry‐based analysis of nonlinear mixed convection in 3D EMHD nano‐Carreau fluid flow with Riga stretched surface effects and multi‐physical interactions
Authors: Saleem Musharafa , Majeed Afraz Hussain , Ahmad Irshad , Refaie Ali Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study presents a comprehensive investigation into the dynamics of an electrically magneto‐hydrodynamic (EMHD) nano‐Carreau fluid under nonlinear mixed convection. We develop a 3D steady‐state framework that incorporates various influential factors such as nonuniform heat source‐sink terms, nonlinear thermal radiation, Joule heating, and chemical reactions, along with the effects of a Riga stretched surface. Through rigorous analysis, we explore the impact of thermophoretic and Brownian motions on flow patterns and stagnation point velocities. Our study encompasses scenarios involving a Riga stretching sheet, EMHD phenomena, porous media, suction‐injection processes, and diverse slip conditions (momentum, heat, volume fractions), in conjunction with chemical reactions. By employing symmetry transformations, we transform complex partial differential equations (PDEs) into more manageable ordinary differential equations (ODEs), facilitating effective numerical solutions using the Lobatto IIIa bvp4c method in Matlab. The findings are presented through detailed graphical representations and comparative tables. Key findings include the observation that elevated Hartmann numbers contribute to reduced velocity yet enhanced temperature profiles, influenced by factors such as nonuniform heat distribution, thermal radiation, and viscous dissipation. Additionally, concentration profiles exhibit a diminishing trend with increased Lewis numbers, chemical reactions, and specific slip parameters.