bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study for the hydrogen evolution reaction of doped carbon paste composite electrodes with multinuclear Ag(I) complexes based on nitrogen heterocyclic ligand
Authors: Wu Huilu , Dou Zilin , Xie Yueyue , Huang Nannan , Liu Zhaolong , Gao Wei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Two Ag(I) complexes, [Ag3(L)3(BTC)]·3C2H5OH (1) [Ag2(L)2(TPA)]·2H2O (2) (L = 1,3-bis[(N-methylbenzimidazole)methylene]-2-aniline, H3BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, H2TPA = terephthalic acid ) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-visible spectroscopy and X-ray single crystal diffraction. Structural analysis shows that the two complexes are trinuclear fan-shaped and binuclear central symmetric structures respectively. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to study the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) characteristics of two complexes modified carbon paste electrodes (CE-1 and CE-2) in 0.5M H2SO4 electrolyte. The research results indicate that the overpotential (η10293 K) of CE-1 and CE-2 showed a positive shift of 203 and 319 mV compared to CE (without complex, 965 mV), and Tafel slopes (b293 K) are 193 and 175 mV·dec-1, respectively. The above results manifest that CE-1 and CE-2 have a good electrocatalytic effect on HER and CE-2 is significantly better than CE-1, which is attributed to the greater deformability of the silver(I) ion coordination environment in complex 2. The above conclusions provide a theoretical basis for the application of Ag(I) complexes in the electrochemical field.
Characteristics of the fundus and optical coherence tomography angiography metrics in patients with myelinated retinal nerve fibers
Authors: Yang Weiming , Wei Ruoyan , Zhang Chi , Huang Chen , Lin Feng , Shen Yang , Yang Chenhao , Zhou Xingtao , Li Meiyan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

AIMS
To investigate the fundus characteristics and macular OCTA metrics in patients with MRNFs and to identify the associations among myopic parameters, fundus metrics, and OCTA metrics
METHODS
The single-center case-control study included 15 patients with monocular MRNFs and 15 patients without MRNFs, matched for age, affected eyes’ spherical equivalent error (SER), and axial length (AL) between May 2021 and December 2021. Fundus features, including the entire MRNF area (Area1), the denser MRNF area (Area2), and the shortest distance from the fovea to the MRNF border (Df−m), along with ocular parameters, including SER, AL, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and OCTA metrics at the fovea, including choroidal (ChT) and retinal (ReT) thicknesses at the fovea, the foveal avascular zone area (FAZ), foveal avascular zone perimeter (FAZP), FAZ-circularity index (FAZ-CI), and foveal vessel density in a 300-µm wide region (FD-300), were assessed.
RESULTS
The SER, AL, and CDVA were significantly worse and the ChT was thinner in the affected eyes than in the contralateral eyes. Compared with matched eyes, affected eyes had worse CDVA and thinner ReT. In the affected eyes, both Area1 and Area2 were negatively correlated with SER (r1 = -0.84, r2 = -0.65), △SER (r1 = -0.86, r2 = -0.61), ReT at the vertical superior 3 mm (VS) (r1 = -0.78, r2 = -0.67), and ChT_VS (r1 = -0.64, r2 = -0.62), and positively correlated with AL (r1 = 0.82, r2 = 0.52) and CDVA (r1 = 0.54, r2 = 0.59). Df−m was negatively correlated with CDVA (r = -0.57).
CONCLUSION
The presence of MRNFs affects CDVA and ReT at the fovea. The area of the MRNFs, as well as the distance from the MRNFs to the fovea, are closely associated with the affected eyes’ CDVA, SER, AL, and the degree of anisometropia.
COVID-19 vaccine implementation in a syringe services program: Experiences of frontline staff
Authors: Plesons Marina , Sugar Sabrina Soto , Chimbaru Rutendo , McDonald Giuliano , Friedman Lily , Thompson Ernest , Bazzi Angela R. , Tookes Hansel E. , Bartholomew Tyler S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite people with substance use disorders, including people who inject drugs (PWID), experiencing increased risk for COVID-19 infection and adverse outcomes, COVID-19 vaccination rates among PWID are consistently lower than those observed in the general population. Offering COVID-19 vaccines at syringe services programs (SSPs) has been proposed as a critical strategy to increase vaccine uptake among this population. We explored the experiences of frontline staff members at an SSP in Miami, Florida implementing onsite COVID-19 vaccines.
Methods
Between June and July 2022, we conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 18 staff members of a local SSP in Miami, Florida. Data collection and codebook thematic analysis of transcribed interviews drew from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), with key findings aligning with major CFIR domains.
Results
Facilitators and barriers of COVID-19 vaccine implementation at the SSP aligned with all major CFIR domains. Key facilitators included the SSP’s established partnership with the local health department for vaccine distribution, its existing funding sources (which could be leveraged for vaccine-related expenses), consensus among staff about the need for new strategies to increase vaccine uptake among PWID, and PWID’s trust in the SSP. Major—but largely modifiable—barriers included lack of participant compensation, limited internal collaboration and communication regarding the vaccine initiative beyond implementation leads and innovation deliverers due to competing priorities and segmented roles and responsibilities, and insufficient involvement of the most participant-facing staff (i.e., the SSP’s peer navigators and outreach workers).
Conclusions
Implementing onsite COVID-19 vaccine was feasible and acceptable at the SSP, however contextual factors impeded optimal implementation. Implementation required multilevel strategies, such as participant compensation for vaccine completion and internal educational meetings with staff to improve vaccine implementation and reach. As a culturally competent and trusted source of preventative services for PWID, SSPs are an underutilized venue for increasing vaccine uptake for this population, and findings from this study could inform the expansion of low-barrier vaccine services at SSPs nationwide.
Intratesticular creatine maintains spermatogenesis by defining tight junctions
Authors: Kuribayashi Sohei , Fukuhara Shinichiro , Kitakaze Hiroaki , Tsujimura Go , Imanaka Takahiro , Ueda Norichika , Takezawa Kentaro , Ikawa Masahito , Nonomura Norio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

One in five couples who wish to conceive is infertile, and half of these couples have male infertility. However, the causes of male infertility are still largely unknown. Creatine is stored in the body as an energy buffer, and the testes are its second-largest reservoir after muscles. Further, even though intratesticular creatine levels have long been known to decrease in male patients with infertility, its role in the testis is unknown. We investigated the intratesticular role of creatine, specifically in the context of the creatine synthesizing enzyme Gamt, and the creatine transporter Slc6a8. The Slc6a8 knockout mice showed no abnormalities in spermatogenesis. While Gamt knockout mice formed spermatozoa, they demonstrated reduced sperm count and decreased sperm motility and fertilization rate. Additionally, intratesticular creatine in Gamt knockout mice was significantly decreased, resulting in the disruption of tight junctions, which could be rectified by creatine supplementation, as was evidenced by the improved sperm count and fertilization rate in these mice. In conclusion, we identified creatine as being required for the maintenance of the tight junction in the testis.
Characterization of Enzymatically Modified Cellulose Obtained From the From the Cocoa Pod Husk (Cph) Theobroma Cacao L. Clone Ccn51
Authors: Sepúlveda Diana Carolina Meza , Valencia Katalina Ángel , Morales Mónica María Quintero , Sepúlveda Lucia Constanza Vasco , Saavedra Jorge Iván Quintero 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Water interactions with cellulose, hemi- cellulose, and Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) processing generates by-products such as shells, husks, placenta and leachates that cause environmental and phytosanitary problems. The husk is a lignocellulosic material composed mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which can be used to produce coproducts useful at the industrial level. The objective of this research was to characterize the enzymatically modified cellulose obtained from cocoa pod husk (CPH) Clone CCN51. For this purpose, physicochemical analyses such as pH, ethereal extract, ash, moisture, crude fiber and water retention were carried out to establish the differences and/or similarities presented with respect to a commercial cellulose, thus making it possible to establish its possible agroindustrial use. The results revealed that in the transformation process of the raw material by the action of the Celluclast 1.5 L enzyme, a yield of 29% was obtained. Likewise, significant differences were evidenced in the characterization tests performed between commercial cellulose and modified CPH cellulose, indicating that the latter presents better conditions for industrial uses, such as the production of bioplastic films.
Micro-enema prior to prostate MRI reduces rectal gas and gas-related artefacts improving image quality
Authors: Palmer Jacob , Winata Leon , Seale Melanie , Sutherland Tom , Page Mark 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
There are conflicting results in the literature regarding bowel preparation prior to prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and its effect on image quality. Our aim was to determine whether the administration of a micro-enema immediately prior to MRI is associated with a reduction in rectal gas, gas related artefacts and an improvement in image quality.
Method
This retrospective analysis enrolled 171 patients who underwent multiparametric 3T prostate MRI at our institution between January 2021 and September 2022. 86 patients received a micro-enema, and a further 85 patients did not. Two fellowship trained abdominal radiologists were blinded and independently reviewed each prostate MRI, recording scores on a dedicated scoring sheet. The quality of T2 weighted (T2W), diffusion weighted (DWI), and dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) images were assessed according to standardised scales supported in the literature. In addition, gas related artefacts and rectal gas level were examined. An independent-samples Mann-Whitney U Test was performed, comparing the median score between micro-enema and no micro-enema groups. Spearman’s correlation was used to determine the strength of relationship between variables. A quadratic weighted Cohen’s Kappa and percent agreement were used to assess inter-observer agreement.
Results
Image quality was improved in those who received the micro-enema compared to those who did not according to the visual grading scale on the DWI sequence (median score 5 vs 4, p = < 0.001). PI-QUAL score and visual grading score for both the T2W and DCE images was not significantly different. Rectal gas level was lower in patients who received the micro-enema (median score 1 vs 3, p < 0.001), correlating with a lower score for gas-related artefacts (1 vs 2, p < 0.001) in this group. Correlation between rectal gas level and gas-related artefacts on DWI regardless of whether a micro-enema was given was strong (rs = 0.707, p < 0.001). Correlation was moderate to strong between rectal gas level and image quality on DWI (rs = -0.626, p < 0.001). There was only 1 (1.2%) borderline diagnostic or non-diagnostic DWI sequence in those who received the micro-enema, compared to 9 (10.6%) in those who did not (p = 0.009). Interobserver agreement was moderate for image quality on DWI, gas related artefacts and rectal gas level (weighted kappa values of 0.518, 0.488 and 0.525 respectively).
Conclusions
The administration of a micro-enema prior to prostate MRI is associated with a significant improvement in image quality on the DWI sequence. This is mediated through a reduction in rectal gas and gas related artefacts.
Creation of a replicable anatomic model of terrible triad of the elbow
Authors: BALTASSAT Antoine , BALDAIRON Florent , BERTHE Samuel , BELLIER Alexandre , BAHLOULI Nadia , CLAVERT Philippe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Terrible triad of the elbow (TTE) is a complex dislocation associating radial head (RH) and coronoid process (CP) fractures. There is at present no reproducible anatomic model for TTE, and pathophysiology is unclear. The main aim of the present study was to create and validate an anatomic model of TTE. Secondary objectives were to assess breaking forces and relative forearm rotation with respect to the humerus before dislocation.Methods: An experimental comparative study was conducted on 5 fresh human specimens aged 87.4 ± 8.6 years, testing 10 upper limbs. After dissection conserving the medial and lateral ligaments, interosseous membrane and joint capsule, elbows were reproducibly positioned in maximal pronation and 15° flexion, for axial compression on a rapid (100 mm/min) or slow (10 mm/min) protocol, applied by randomization between the two elbows of a given cadaver, measuring breaking forces and relative forearm rotation with respect to the humerus before dislocation.Results: The rapid protocol reproduced 4 posterolateral and 1 divergent anteroposterior TTE, and the slow protocol 5 posterolateral TTE. Mean breaking forces were 3,126 ± 1,066 N for the lateral collateral ligament (LCL), 3,026 ± 1,308 N for the RH and 2,613 ± 1,120 N for the CP. Comparing mean breaking forces for all injured structures in a given elbow on the rapid protocol found a p-value of 0.033. Comparison of difference in breaking forces in the three structures (LCL, RH and CP) between the slow and rapid protocols found a mean difference of -4%. Mean relative forearm rotation with respect to the humerus before dislocation was 1.6 ± 1.2° in external rotation.Conclusions: We create and validate an anatomic model of TTE by exerting axial compression on an elbow in 15° flexion and maximal pronation at speeds of 100 and 10 mm/min.
A justified plan graph analysis for identifying the genotype of Tibetan houses in Ganzi County
Authors: Lei Zhe. , Li Junhuan. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A significant number of traditional houses remain in Tibetan-populated areas of western China, such as Ganzi County, which has an average altitude of more than 3,000 meters. In this study, eight houses from different historical periods in Ganzi County were analyzed by using the justified plan graph (JPG) method. Through a combination of graphical and mathematical analysis, this study identifies the spatial genotypes of these houses and analyzes the connectivity patterns and privacy of each space in the houses. This paper attempts to reveal the socio-cultural logic implicit in the houses from a scientific perspective and to provide a reliable framework for future design of post-disaster reconstruction or rehabilitation in this area.
Diagnostic Value of Combination of ThinPrep Imaging System with Manual Screening in 257,047 Cases of Cervical Cancer Screening by Thinprep Cytologic Test
Authors: Liu Yiyao , Fangfang Liu , Jingjing Zhao , Huiting Zhu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the diagnostic value of manual screening in combination with ThinPrep Imaging System (TIS) versus manual screening alone in cytology screening of cervical cancer.
To compare positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for cervical high-grade disease.
Methods: A total of 257,047 cases dated from June 2015 to December 2021 were tested by ThinPrep cytologic test (TCT) retrospectively by West area of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital. Among them, 125,917 cases were interpreted by manual screening in combination with TIS (TIS group) and 131,130 cases were interpreted by manual screening (manual screening group). Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and the above lesions were listed as cytologically positive cases that may have high-grade and above lesions, of which HSIL + SCC + AIS + IAC are cytologically positive cases with clear high-grade and above lesions. Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (LISL) and above lesions were listed as histologically positive cases. of which HSIL + SCC + AIS + IAC are histologically high-grade disease (HGD). Based on the results of the pathological tissue biopsy, positive and negative predictive value of the two groups were analyzed and compared.
Results: Among 125,917 patients in the TIS group, 21,959 patients underwent colposcopy and cervical pathological biopsy. Compared with the manual screening group, the interpretation proportion of ASCUS in TIS group was significantly decreased (P < 0. 05). Manual screening in combination with TIS can significantly improve positive and negative predictive value of ASCUS, ASC-H, LSIL, HSIL and AGC-FN, not AGC-NOS.
Conclusions: TCT by manual screening in combination with TIS has a high predictive accuracy for early low-grade and high-grade cervical cancer lesions. TIS in combination with manual screening can significantly reduce the interpretation rate of ASCUS, and the false negative rate in TCT, and TIS in combination with manual screening can increase the interpretation rate of precancerous cervical lesions.
Characteristics of the evolution of vegetation NPP in Nanchang and spatial and temporal driver analyses
Authors: Li Jiatong , Wu Hua , Xu Yue , Guo Qiyun , Li Huishan , Zhou Jianwei , Chen Linna 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In order to determine the evolution characteristics of net primary productivity of vegetation in Nanchang City and the main driving factors influencing its spatiotemporal evolution, based on the ArcGIS and Matlab platforms, ReliefF, Random Forest (RF),BP neural network, GRNN machine learning algorithm and geographic detector were used to quantitatively evaluate the evolution characteristics and spatiotemporal driving factors of Nanchang City from 1998 to 2015.The results show: 1) From a temporal perspective, NPP overall shows a fluctuating upward trend with distinct seasonal variations; spatially, it follows a distribution pattern of higher values in the middle and lower values around the edges; 2) The ReliefF algorithm has the highest fitting accuracy and is more suitable for regression analysis of NPP, with both algorithms indicating that air temperature and precipitation have the most significant impact on NPP evolution; 3) According to the results of the geographic detector, the NPP in Nanchang City is most significantly influenced by precipitation factors spatially, while the temporal dimension is dominated by human factors. In-depth study of the evolution characteristics of NPP can provide a scientific basis for quantifying the health of regional ecosystems and the balance of the ecological environment under the background of climate change.
Why lightweight climate models are useful tools for assessing aviation mitigation strategies and moving beyond the CO2-equivalence metrics debate
Authors: Planès Thomas , Arriolabengoa Sara , Mattei Philippe , Cariolle Daniel , Delbecq Scott 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Assessing mitigation strategies for aviation is a critical issue for the aviation ecosystem stakeholders, while the debate continues on the most appropriate CO2-equivalence metrics to address non-CO2. This paper proposes two lightweight climate models that can be parameterised to assess these strategies and move beyond the CO2-equivalence metrics debate. A first approach relies on the use of the GWP* method, calibrated in an original manner, for estimating warming equivalent emissions. A second approach employs the FaIR climate emulator. These lightweight models, which should be considered as a new family of climate models for aviation facilitating parametric studies, provide a straightforward and consistent means of evaluating mitigation strategies at the temperature level, bypassing the need for CO2-equivalence metrics for comparing strategies. The latter should rather be used in policy mechanisms to encourage the emergence of strategies (once justified by the climate models), as they are not suitable for assessing temperature changes from aviation. The debate on the choice of CO2-equivalence metrics could then focus on methodological and ethical criteria. Nonetheless, this paper demonstrates that the higher the traffic, the more appropriate it is to choose CO2-equivalence metrics with high values for consistency with temperature estimates.
A Decision Support Application for Patients with Cancer: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Kawasaki Yuko , Nii Manabu , Kiyohara Hana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the usability of a decision support application (app) for patients with cancer.
Methods
Forty-three patients with cancer participated in this study, from June to October 2022. An app that prompted users to choose suitable options to questions from a list of 11 value items was used. The patient value characteristics were displayed as judgment results (radar charts). Afterward, a questionnaire survey was administered using a Web Usability Scale (WUS: 21 items, five-point scale) and free responses.
Results
Five male and 38 female patients (mean age 59 ± 13.1 years) participated in this study. The WUS 7-item values were as follows: favorability, 2.77 ± 1.01; usefulness, 2.45 ± 1.06; reliability, 3.15 ± 0.90; ease of operability, 3.90 ± 0.89; ease of understanding structure, 3.53 ± 0.96; ease of viewing, 2.77 ± 1.22; and responsiveness, 2.57 ± 1.34. Visualizing values through the app allowed patients to understand their current state of mind, realize their values are biased, and gain opportunities to talk with their family. However, direct care was more suitable than care through the app for some patients.
Conclusion
The evaluations obtained in the WUS were good for all factors except “favorability” and “responsiveness.” The free responses suggested that patients who are unable to sort out their complex feelings may have difficulties using the app. The results also suggest that it is necessary to have sufficient intention to use the app for positive results.
Epidemiological and spatial analyses of HIV/AIDS prevalence in Shandong, China from 2016 and 2022: A population-based study
Authors: Li Ling , Zhang Na , Yang Xingguang , Zhu Xiaoyan , Hao Lianzheng , Yu Haiying , Liao Meizhen , Wang Guoyong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To describe epidemiological and spatial characters of HIV/AIDS in Shandong, China during 2016–2022, and provide scientific reference for HIV prevention.
Methods
Data on HIV/AIDS cases was extracted from the National HIV/AIDS comprehensive response information management system. Spatial analysis were conducted with Kulldorff’s scan statistic.
Results
A total of 19730 HIV/AIDS were reported in Shandong, China during 2016–2022, 69.7% of them were transmitted through homosexual behavior. The proportion of HIV/AIDS aged 50 years and older increased from 13.1–26.7%. Spatial analysis indicated that the HIV clusters were located in urbans areas with higher economic level. The cluster areas of male cases were distributed in urban areas, but the cluster areas of female cases were in the western areas with backward economy. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of newly reported HIV/AIDS decreased, the proportion of patients receiving CD4 + T cell test (CD4) decreased, the proportion of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) had increased in Shandong, China.
Conclusions
More prevention and education should be done for MSM in urban areas, and women in the western areas to curl the transmission of HIV. The rapidly increasing proportion of elderly HIV/AIDS should be focused on and responded.