bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Anatomy of the Temporomandibular Joint and the Muscles That Act Upon It: Observations on the Gray Whale, Eschrichtius robustus
Authors: El Adli Joseph J. , Deméré Thomas A. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThe temporomandibular joint and its associated musculature are described in a neonate gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) and serve as the basis for direct anatomical comparisons with the temporomandibular region in other clades of baleen whales (Mysticeti). Members of the right whale/bowhead whale clade (Balaenidae) are known to possess a synovial lower jaw joint, while members of the rorqual clade (Balaenopteridae) have a nonsynovial temporomandibular joint characterized by a highly flexible fibrocartilaginous pad and no joint capsule. In contrast, the gray whale possesses a modified temporomandibular joint (intermediate condition), with a vestigial joint cavity lacking a fibrous capsule, synovial membrane, and articular disk. In addition, the presence of a rudimentary fibrocartilaginous pad appears to be homologous to that seen in balaenopterid mysticetes. The intrinsic temporomandibular musculature in the gray whale was found to include a multibellied superficial masseter and a single‐bellied deep masseter. The digastric and internal pterygoid muscles in E. robustus are enlarged relative to the condition documented in species of Balaenoptera. A relatively complex insertion of the temporalis muscle on the dentary is documented in the gray whale and the low, knob‐like process on the gray whale dentary is determined to be homologous with the prominent coronoid process of rorquals. Comparison with the anatomy of the temporomandibular musculature in rorquals reveals an increased importance of alpha rotation of the dentary in the gray whale. This difference in muscular morphology and lines of muscle action is interpreted as representing adaptations for suction feeding. Anat Rec, 298:680–690, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Decreasing‐horizon Robust Model Predictive Control With Specified Settling Time To A Terminal Constraint Set
Authors: Yang Weilin , Feng Gang , Zhang TieJun 
Published: March 2015

AbstractRobust model predictive control for discrete‐time linear systems with norm‐bounded disturbances is investigated in this paper. The control objective is to steer the system state to a terminal constraint set within specified number of steps. Meanwhile, the performance of the closed‐loop control system is optimized. A decreasing‐horizon predictive control strategy is proposed. Moreover, affine state‐feedback control laws with memory of prior states are adopted over the prediction horizon. To optimize the system performance, an
‐type cost function is considered in this paper. It is shown that finite settling time is achieved, if the optimization problem in the proposed control strategy is initially solvable. Some simulations are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Strong and Unexpected Effects of Diffusion Rates on the Generation of Electrochemiluminescence by Amine/Transition‐Metal(II) Systems
Authors: Svir Irina , Oleinick Alexander , Klymenko Oleksiy V. , Amatore Christian 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis theoretical work examines some basic and overlooked concepts that sustain the efficiency of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) generated by co‐reactant systems such as the, nowadays classical, alkyl amine/transition metal(II) complex systems. Changes in the ECL intensities emitted by these systems are much more dependent on the relative diffusivities of the two co‐reactants than on the range of thermodynamic and kinetic rate constants that are possible to explore and vary. In particular, decreasing the diffusion coefficients of the metal complexes species (e.g. by adequate redox or photochemically inert large substituents) relative to that of the amine co‐reactant leads to a great enhancement in the ECL intensity of the first ECL wave, namely, that observed at the level of the amine oxidation peak. Though investigated by using simulations based on the thermodynamic and kinetic constants of the most common tri‐n‐propylamine/Ru(bpy)32+ system (bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine), the conclusions of this work are more general.
Two‐Step Spin Transition in a 1D FeII 1,2,4‐Triazole Chain Compound
Authors: Dîrtu Marinela M. , Schmit France , Naik Anil D. , Rusu Ionela , Rotaru Aurelian , Rackwitz Sergej , Wolny Juliusz A. , Schünemann Volker , Spinu Leonard , Garcia Yann 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA thermochromic 1D spin crossover coordination (SCO) polymer [Fe(βAlatrz)3](BF4)2⋅2 H2O (1⋅2 H2O), whose precursor βAlatrz, (1,2,4‐triazol‐4‐yl‐propionate) has been tailored from a β‐amino acid ester is investigated in detail by a set of superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), 57Fe Mössbauer, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared, and Raman measurements. An hysteretic abrupt two‐step spin crossover (T1/2↓=230 K and T1/2↑=235 K, and T1/2↓=172 K and T1/2↑=188 K, respectively) is registered for the first time for a 1,2,4‐triazole‐based FeII 1D coordination polymer. The two‐step SCO configuration is observed in a 1:2 ratio of low‐spin/high‐spin in the intermediate phase for a 1D chain. The origin of the stepwise transition was attributed to a distribution of chains of different lengths in 1⋅2 H2O after First Order Reversal Curves (FORC) analyses. A detailed DFT analysis allowed us to propose the normal mode assignment of the Raman peaks in the low‐spin and high‐spin states of 1⋅2 H2O. Vibrational spectra of 1⋅2 H2O reveal that the BF4− anions and water molecules play no significant role on the vibrational properties of the [Fe(βAlatrz)3]2+ polymeric chains, although non‐coordinated water molecules have a dramatic influence on the emergence of a step in the spin transition curve. The dehydrated material [Fe(βAlatrz)3](BF4)2 (1) reveals indeed a significantly different magnetic behavior with a one‐step SCO which was also investigated.
Role of the Bridge in Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Porphyrin–Fullerene Dyads
Authors: Pelado Beatriz , Abou‐Chahine Fawzi , Calbo Joaquín , Caballero Rubén , de la Cruz Pilar , Junquera‐Hernández José M. , Ortí Enrique , Tkachenko Nikolai V. , Langa Fernando 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe role of π‐conjugated molecular bridges in through‐space and through‐bond electron transfer is studied by comparing two porphyrin–fullerene donor–acceptor (D–A) dyads. One dyad, ZnP–Ph–C60 (ZnP=zinc porphyrin), incorporates a phenyl bridge between D and A and behaves very similarly to analogous dyads studied previously. The second dyad, ZnP–EDOTV–C60, introduces an additional 3,4‐ethylenedioxythienylvinylene (EDOTV) unit into the conjugated bridge, which increases the distance between D and A, but, at the same time, provides increased electronic communication between them. Two essential outcomes that result from the introduction of the EDOTV unit in the bridge are as follows: 1) faster charge recombination, which indicates enhanced electronic coupling between the charge‐separated and ground electronic states; and 2) the disappearance of the intramolecular exciplex, which mediates photoinduced charge separation in the ZnP–Ph–C60 dyad. The latter can be interpreted as a gradual decrease in electronic coupling between locally excited singlet states of D and A when introducing the EDOTV unit into the D–A bridge.
An iGlu Receptor Antagonist and Its Simultaneous Use with an Anticancer Drug for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Tan Si Yu , Ang Chung Yen , Luo Zhong , Li Peizhou , Nguyen Kim Truc , Zhao Yanli 
Published: March 2015

AbstractGlutamate receptor antagonists have been known to play a crucial role in the treatment of many neuronal diseases. Recently, these antagonists have also shown therapeutic effects in the treatment of cancer. In this study, an ionotropic glutamate (iGlu) receptor antagonist, 4‐hydroxyphenylacetyl spermine (L1), was used concurrently with a common anticancer drug, doxorubicin (Dox), for simultaneous cancer therapy. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) were employed as the delivery vehicle for both L1 and Dox by conjugating the iGlu receptor antagonist on the surface and encapsulating Dox within the mesopores. Dox was then trapped within the mesopores by functionalizing a redox‐cleavable capping group on the MSNP surface, and it could be released upon exposure to the reductive glutathione. In vitro studies on B16F10 and NIH3T3 cell lines revealed that the iGlu receptor antagonist L1 exhibited therapeutic as well as targeting effects. In addition, the simultaneous use of therapeutic L1 and Dox proved to be synergistic in the treatment of cancer. The present work demonstrated the feasibility of employing a delivery system to deliver both neuroprotective drug and anticancer drug for efficient anticancer treatment.
Pushing the Boundaries of Vinylogous Reactivity: Catalytic Enantioselective Mukaiyama Aldol Reactions of Highly Unsaturated 2‐Silyloxyindoles
Authors: Curti Claudio , Sartori Andrea , Battistini Lucia , Brindani Nicoletta , Rassu Gloria , Pelosi Giorgio , Lodola Alessio , Mor Marco , Casiraghi Giovanni , Zanardi Franca 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe first example of catalytic, enantioselective hypervinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction (HVMAR) involving multiply unsaturated 2‐silyloxyindoles is reported. The reaction utilizes a chiral Lewis base‐catalyzed Lewis acid‐mediated technology to deliver homoallylic 3‐polyenylidene 2‐oxindoles with extraordinary levels of regio‐, enantio‐, and geometrical selectivity. This work highlights a subtle yet decisive influence of the indole N‐substituents on the propagation of the vinylogous reactivity space of the donor substrates up to ten bonds away from the origin of the vinylogy effect. Analysis of the 13C NMR chemical shifts of the C‐ω remote site within homologous silyloxyindole donors enabled rationalization of the results and easy qualitative prediction of the HVMAR reactivity/inertia toward a given aldehyde acceptor.
Furan‐Modified Spherosilicates as Building Blocks for Self‐Healing Materials
Authors: Engel Tom , Kickelbick Guido 
Published: March 2015

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Guido Kickelbick at Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany. The cover image shows the molecular building block that plays the major role in the self‐healing processes of modern hybrid materials through crosslinking and de‐crosslinking reactions.
Two‐Dimensional Hybrid Materials: Transferring Technology from Biology to Society
Authors: Leroux Fabrice , Rabu Pierre , Sommerdijk Nico A. J. M. , Taubert Andreas 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHybrid materials are at the forefront of modern research and technology; hence a large number of publications on hybrid materials has already appeared in the scientific literature. This essay focuses on the specifics and peculiarities of hybrid materials based on two‐dimensional (2D) building blocks and confinements, for two reasons: (1) 2D materials have a very broad field of application, but they also illustrate many of the scientific challenges the community faces, both on a fundamental and an application level; (2) all authors of this essay are involved in research on 2D materials, but their perspective and vision of how the field will develop in the future and how it is possible to benefit from these new developments are rooted in very different scientific subfields. The current article will thus present a personal, yet quite broad, account of how hybrid materials, specifically 2D hybrid materials, will provide means to aid modern societies in fields as different as healthcare and energy.
Improving recognition of pain by calling attention to its various faces
Authors: Kunz M. , Lautenbacher S. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe ability to accurately recognize facial expressions of pain is known to affect clinical decision making and delivery of care. Although recognition accuracy for facial expressions of pain is well above chance level, substantial shortcomings have also been reported which stress the need to look for methods to improve recognition accuracy. Based on findings that pain is encoded in different facial activity patterns, we wanted to investigate whether training observers to recognize these various faces of pain might improve their ability to accurately recognize pain.MethodsParticipants (55 male, 65 female) were randomly assigned to one of the three training groups: ‘different patterns group’ (calling attention to the various faces of pain); ‘prototypical group’ (calling attention to the prototypical expression of pain); and ‘control group’ (being informed about pain in general). For outcome assessments, participants viewed videos of individuals experiencing either pain, disgust or a neutral condition and had to infer what the individual in the video was experiencing. These videos were presented twice (before and after the training).ResultsThe ‘different patterns group’ benefited the most from its training, with recognition accuracy for pain increasing significantly more compared to the other groups. The ‘prototypical’ group also showed improved recognition accuracy for pain, however, this improved recogntition was cancelled out by decreased recognition accuracy for disgust.ConclusionsRaising awareness in observers that different combinations of facial movements (different faces of pain) are equivalent signals of pain through a brief training procedure can improve recognition accuracy for pain substantially.
Cumulative cisplatin dose in concurrent chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Strojan Primož , Vermorken Jan B. , Beitler Jonathan J. , Saba Nabil F. , Haigentz Missak , Bossi Paolo , Worden Francis P. , Langendijk Johannes A. , Eisbruch Avraham , Mendenhall William M. , Lee Anne W. M. , Harrison Louis B. , Bradford Carol R. , Smee Robert , Silver Carl E. , Rinaldo Alessandra , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal cumulative dose and timing of cisplatin administration in various concurrent chemoradiotherapy protocols for nonmetastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not been determined.MethodsThe absolute survival benefit at 5 years of concurrent chemoradiotherapy protocols versus radiotherapy alone observed in prospective randomized trials reporting on the use of cisplatin monochemotherapy for nonnasopharyngeal HNSCC was extracted. In the case of nonrandomized studies, the outcome results at 2 years were compared between groups of patients receiving different cumulative cisplatin doses.ResultsEleven randomized trials and 7 nonrandomized studies were identified. In 6 definitive radiotherapy phase III trials, a statistically significant association (p = .027) between cumulative cisplatin dose, independent of the schedule, and overall survival benefit was observed for higher doses.ConclusionResults support the conclusion that the cumulative dose of cisplatin in concurrent chemoradiation protocols for HNSCC has a significant positive correlation with survival. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2151–E2158, 2016
Overexpression of a Novel Tumor Metastasis Suppressor Gene TMSG1/LASS2 Induces Apoptosis via a Caspase‐dependent Mitochondrial Pathway
Authors: Su Jing , Yu Wenjuan , Gong Miaozi , You Jiangfeng , Liu Jianying , Zheng Jie 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThe tumor metastasis suppressor gene 1 (TMSG1), also designated homo sapiens longevity assurance homologue 2 of yeast LAG1 (LASS2), is a novel tumor metastatic suppressor gene. Although its effects on metastasis have been reported, its biological functions remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of TMSG1/LASS2 protein on apoptosis and proliferation in human embryonic kidney cell lines HEK293 and 293 T and explore the potential mechanisms. Cell growth, morphology, expressions of apoptotic‐related proteins and cell cycle distribution were evaluated in HEK293 and 293 T cells transfected with TMSG1/LASS2 expression plasmids or vector controls. MTT assays showed that overexpression of TMSG1/LASS2 inhibited cell proliferation; and morphological observations and flow cytometric assays with Annexin V/propidium iodide showed TMSG1/LASS2 overexpression increased apoptosis in these cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated that overexpression of TMSG1/LASS2 resulted in the downregulation of Bcl‐2, release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, activation of procaspase‐9 and procaspase‐3, and the cleavage of PARP. Subsequent cell cycle analysis showed that TMSG1/LASS2 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation by mediating the induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Together, these results confirmed that TMSG1/LASS2 is a potential metastasis suppressor gene, and suggested that the mechanism involved the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation via a caspase‐dependent mitochondrial pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1310–1317, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gene Signatures of 1,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Exposure in Normal and Transformed Mammary Cells
Authors: Simmons Katrina M. , Beaudin Sarah G. , Narvaez Carmen J. , Welsh JoEllen 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTTo elucidate potential mediators of vitamin D receptor (VDR) action in breast cancer, we profiled the genomic effects of its ligand 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) in cells derived from normal mammary tissue and breast cancer. In non‐transformed hTERT‐HME cells, 483 1,25D responsive entities in 42 pathways were identified, whereas in MCF7 breast cancer cells, 249 1,25D responsive entities in 31 pathways were identified. Only 21 annotated genes were commonly altered by 1,25D in both MCF7 and hTERT‐HME cells. Gene set enrichment analysis highlighted eight pathways (including senescence/autophagy, TGFβ signaling, endochondral ossification, and adipogenesis) commonly altered by 1,25D in hTERT‐HME and MCF7 cells. Regulation of a subset of immune (CD14, IL1RL1, MALL, CAMP, SEMA6D, TREM1, CSF1, IL33, TLR4) and metabolic (ITGB3, SLC1A1, G6PD, GLUL, HIF1A, KDR, BIRC3) genes by 1,25D was confirmed in hTERT‐HME cells and similar changes were observed in another comparable non‐transformed mammary cell line (HME cells). The effects of 1,25D on these genes were retained in HME cells expressing SV40 large T antigen but were selectively abrogated in HME cells expressing SV40 + RAS and in MCF7 cells. Integration of the datasets from hTERT‐HME and MCF7 cells with publically available RNA‐SEQ data from 1,25D treated SKBR3 breast cancer cells enabled identification of an 11‐gene signature representative of 1,25D exposure in all three breast‐derived cell lines. Four of these 11 genes (CYP24A1, CLMN, EFTUD1, and SERPINB1) were also identified as 1,25D responsive in human breast tumor explants, suggesting that this gene signature may prove useful as a biomarker of vitamin D exposure in breast tissue. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1693–1711, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
EGF Protects Cells Against Dox‐Induced Growth Arrest Through Activating Cyclin D1 Expression
Authors: Yao Chun‐Xia , Shi Jia‐Chen , Ma Cai‐Xia , Xiong Cheng‐Juan , Song Yang‐Liu , Zhang Shu‐Feng , Zhang Shan‐Feng , Zang Ming‐Xi , Xue Li‐Xiang 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTIt has been reported that the antitumor drug doxorubicin (Dox) exerts its toxic effects via GATA‐4 depletion and that over‐expression of GATA‐4 reverses Dox‐induced toxicity and apoptosis; however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we observed, for the first time, that EGF protects cells against Dox‐mediated growth arrest, G2/M‐phase arrest, and apoptosis. Additionally, EGF expression was down‐regulated in Dox‐treated cells and up‐regulated in GATA‐4 over‐expressing cells. Utilizing real‐time PCR and western blotting analysis, we found that the expression of the cell cycle‐associated protein cyclin D1 was inhibited in GATA‐4‐silenced cells and Dox‐treated cells and was enhanced in GATA‐4 over‐expressing cells and EGF‐treated cells. Furthermore, EGF treatment reversed the inhibited expression of cyclin D1 that was mediated by GATA‐4 RNAi or Dox. Our results indicate that EGF, as a downstream target of Dox, may be involved in Dox‐induced toxicity as well as in the protective role of GATA‐4 against toxicity induced by Dox via regulating cyclin D1 expression, which elucidates a new molecular mechanism of Dox toxicity with important clinical implications. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1755–1765, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A fast algorithm for denoising magnitude diffusion‐weighted images with rank and edge constraints
Authors: Lam Fan , Liu Ding , Song Zhuang , Schuff Norbert , Liang Zhi‐Pei 
Published: March 2015

PurposeTo accelerate denoising of magnitude diffusion‐weighted images subject to joint rank and edge constraints.MethodsWe extend a previously proposed majorize‐minimize method for statistical estimation that involves noncentral χ distributions to incorporate joint rank and edge constraints. A new algorithm is derived which decomposes the constrained noncentral χ denoising problem into a series of constrained Gaussian denoising problems each of which is then solved using an efficient alternating minimization scheme.ResultsThe performance of the proposed algorithm has been evaluated using both simulated and experimental data. Results from simulations based on ex vivo data show that the new algorithm achieves about a factor of 10 speed up over the original Quasi‐Newton‐based algorithm. This improvement in computational efficiency enabled denoising of large datasets containing many diffusion‐encoding directions. The denoising performance of the new efficient algorithm is found to be comparable to or even better than that of the original slow algorithm. For an in vivo high‐resolution Q‐ball acquisition, comparison of fiber tracking results around hippocampus region before and after denoising will also be shown to demonstrate the denoising effects of the new algorithm.ConclusionThe optimization problem associated with denoising noncentral χ distributed diffusion‐weighted images subject to joint rank and edge constraints can be solved efficiently using a majorize‐minimize‐based algorithm. Magn Reson Med 75:433–440, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The composition of cellular infiltrates in anti‐HMG‐CoA reductase‐associated myopathy
Authors: Chung Tae , Christopher‐Stine Lisa , Paik Julie J. , Corse Andrea , Mammen Andrew L. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTIntroduction: To characterize cellular infiltrates in muscle biopsies from patients with anti‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐gulatryl‐CoA reductase (HMGCR)‐associated myopathy. Methods: Biopsies from 18 anti‐HMGCR myopathy and 7 control dermatomyositis patients were analyzed. Results: CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cells were scattered within the endomysium in 50% of anti‐HMGCR biopsies. All anti‐HMGCR biopsies included increased endomysial and/or perivascular CD163+ M2 macrophages; CD11c+ M1 macrophages were present in 18.8%. CD123+ plasmacytoid dendritic (PD) cells were observed within the endomysium and perivascular spaces in 62.5% of anti‐HMGCR biopsies. Membrane attack complex was deposited on endothelial cells in 50% and on the sarcolemma of nonnecrotic muscle fibers in 85.7% of anti‐HMGCR cases. Major histocompatibility complex class I antigen was up‐regulated in 87.5% of the anti‐HMGCR cases. Conclusions: In addition to necrosis, scattered CD4+, CD8+, and PD cells are characteristic of anti‐HMGCR myopathy. Predominant M2 polarization suggests infiltrating macrophages are more likely to be involved with tissue repair than destruction. Muscle Nerve, 2015. Muscle Nerve 52: 189–195, 2015