bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Tourism Seasonality at Local Level
Authors: Petrevska Biljana 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The paper underlines the importance of identifying seasonality effects over tourism development. The study applies a simple test for examining the presence of seasonality in tourism demand in the line of exploring its concentration and strength at local level. The investigation is covered by calculating some commonly applied indicators for measuring tourism seasonality, like Gini coefficient, Seasonality Indicator and Coefficient of Variation. The data set addresses the total tourist arrivals between 2000-2013 and elaborates the case of Ohrid, as the most famous tourist destination in Macedonia. The research results point to high level of tourism seasonality with significant flow distribution to tourism development. Finally, the study may serve as a base for identifying measures and activities necessary for creating comprehensive local and regional tourism policy.
Model Of Eco-Efficiency Assessment Of Mining Production Processes
Authors: Czaplicka-Kolarz Krystyna , Burchart-Korol Dorota , Turek Marian , Borkowski Wojciech 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The paper presents an author’s method of eco-efficiency assessment of mining production processes in hard coal mines, which enables integrating results of evaluating both environmental and economic aspects. The proposed method uses life cycle approach to assess environmental efficiency and the result of operating activities to assess economic efficiency. The comprehensive method of assessing mining production processes was proposed as the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) in hard coal mines in Poland to be used to support decision making in mining companies.
Post-Critical Mechanical Properties Of Sedimentary Rocks In The Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland)
Authors: Bukowska Mirosława 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we present the results of a study of the Upper Carboniferous sedimentary rocks of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) in Poland. We examined the hard coals, which belong to various stratigraphic units of Upper Carboniferous coal-bearing strata, and waste rocks, i.e., sandstones, mudstones, claystones. We present the results of tests of their post-critical mechanical properties. These results are from tests of the post-critical modulus, residual stress and residual deformation from experiments using a servo-controlled testing machine (MTS) with uniaxial compression and conventional triaxial compression. We applied confining pressures of up to 50 MPa at a strain rate of 10−5− 10−1s−1(0.003-6.0 mm/sec). The confining pressure applied in the triaxial compression tests reflected the conditions of current and future mining activities in the USCB at depths exceeding 1.300 metres. The strain rate applied in the tests reflected the values observed in the rockmass surrounding the mine workings and the rate of certain geodynamic phenomena occurring in the Carboniferous rockmass in the USCB, e.g., rock bursts. We present the values of the sub-critical modulus of coals and waste rocks, the functional relationships between the post-critical modulus and uniaxial compression strength, which are described using an exponential function of high correlation coefficients of the given rocks, and an exponential relationship between the post-critical modulus and the longitudinal elasticity modulus (Young’s modulus). Based on the results of tests of the post-critical properties of the Carboniferous rocks under triaxial compression and at various strain rates, we devised the functional relationships between the properties of the rocks and the confining pressure. The dependence of the post-critical modulus of the sandstones and claystones on the confining pressure is described using a polynomial function of degree 2, and that of the coals is described using an exponential function. The relationship between the residual stress and residual deformation in the rocks and the confining pressure was described using a linear function. The obtained results of tests have a practical application in forecasting behaviour of rocks located deep, and designing safe exploitation of mineral deposits. Confining pressures of up to 50 MPa used in the conventional triaxial compression tests allowed us to predict the behaviour of the rock mass at large depths. These data provide general knowledge of the tendencies in behaviour of rocks at substantial depths and the ability to design safe methods of mining deposits of various raw materials, including energy sources. These deposits are mined from increasingly great depths as the reserves are gradually exhausted and collieries of the largest European coal basins are continuously reconfigured.
Changes In Cross-Sectional Area Of Gateroads In Longwalls With Roof Caving, Ventilated With “U” And “Y” Systems
Authors: Prusek Stanisław 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Content: In the paper results of measurements of underground gateroad deformations are presented. The measurements were conducted in seven collieries in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Altogether 28 gateroads were analysed:12 longwalls with „Y“ and 4 longwalls with „U“ ventilation system. Based on results of measurements, changes in cross-sectional area of gateroads were calculated and then referred to their original dimensions (when they were developed). Values of cross-sectional area of gateroads in front of and behind the longwall face are presented. Differences in deformation of gateroads in longwalls with the “U” ventilation system, surrounded by unmined coal, and/or goaf on one side were determined. Changes in cross-sectional area of reused gateroads, and newly driven ones (with a coal pillar separating the goaf from the working), were estimated. For gateroads of the longwalls with “Y” ventilation system their deformations at a distance of 200 metres behind the longwall face was determined. For selected gateroads their convergence was calculated with numerical modeling and a method developed at GIG. Calculations were made with Phase2 software based on the finite element method (FEM). Accuracy of forecasted gateroad deformations were assessed through comparing them with the results of underground measurements.
Safety Problem Of Cavity Under Open Pit Bench
Authors: Liu Xiling , Li Xibing , Gong Fengqiang , Liu Kewei 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Some open pits in China are severely threatened by hidden cavities under benches which are always inaccessible and unmapped. The first thing to be well considered is safe and precise cavity detection, as the conventional detection methods cannot output a clear cavity vision, a three-dimensional laser measurement system is employed to perform detection, which is deployed from the surface through boreholes. The results from the scanner demonstrated very well the detailed level of information that can be collected in a cavity using this method, with the cavities’ layout under various benches being fully mapped. As detected cavities are always in horizontal and vaulted roof shape, two different theoretical calculation methods are proposed to analyze the cap rock stability for different roof shape. And also, the three-dimensional solid model generated through scanned laser data is used for stability numerical simulation by converting the data format into the one that recognized in corresponding software. Furthermore, acoustic emission technique is adopted to carry out long term real time rupture monitoring in cap rock, and four kinds of typical monitoring results are discussed which represent the rupture behavior in cap rock of unstable cavity, stable cavity, cavity with large working drill above and cavity beside explosion site. Thus, a complete safety evaluation system for such cavity will be established to ensure safe operation above.
Evaluation Of Load Capacity Of Shaft Collar Subject To Unintended Exceptional Loads
Authors: Wałach Daniel , Dybeł Piotr , Cała Marek , Jaskowska-Lemańska Justyna 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The article presents an evaluation of the technical conditions of the shaft collar as well as its load capacity in which the consequences of uncontrolled displacement of part of the ventilation drift could have caused additional stress to occur. On the basis of comprehensive diagnostic examination undertaken by the authors, a comprehensive analysis of the static resistance of the shaft collar, which takes into consideration the exceptional unintended load. Examinations as well as calculations carried out have allowed for the evaluation of the practical degree of danger for shaft objects (constructions) as well as their infrastructure.
Evaluation of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic supplementation on reproductive performance and noxious gas emission in sows
Authors: Jeong Jinsuk , Kim Jongkeun , Lee Sangin , Kim Inho 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The impacts of probiotics supplementation on reproduction performance and noxious gas emission in sows was evaluated in an experiment with a total of thirty sows (second-parity), from 4 weeks prior to farrowing, to day 21 of lactation. The gestation and lactation diets of sows were supplemented with probiotics containing Bacillus subtilis (1.2 × 107 cfu/g) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (1.15 × 106 cfu/g). Treatment included: basal diet (CON), basal diet + 0.1% probiotics (PB0.1), and basal diet + 0.2% probiotics (PB0.2). The supplementation of dietary probiotics significantly improved average daily feed intake during the lactation period (quadratic, P = 0.0429), sow backfat thickness during the weaning period (linear, P = 0.0385), and initial body weight of piglets (linear, P = 0.0054) as compared with CON, respectively. Furthermore, the supplementation of dietary probiotics reduced noxious gas emission as compared with CON (linear, P<0.05 for day 5 and day 10), respectively. In conclusion, dietary probiotics containing B. subtilis and L. acidophilus improved the growth performance of sows, resulted in increased weaning body weight of piglets, and induced an effective and significant reduction in fecal noxious gas emission in lactating sows, as compared with CON.
Some biological data on cactus roach, Rutilus virgo (Heckel), in rivers of the Transcarpathian region of Ukraine
Authors: Talabishka Evgeniy , Didenko Alexander , Velykopolskiy Igor 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The occurrence of Rutilus virgo (Heckel) has been confirmed in the Transcarpathian region of Ukraine, where it was caught in the lower stretches of the Latorica and Borzhava rivers. The comparison of selected morphometric features of R. rutilus and R. virgo showed that 26 of 40 of them were significantly different and the largest differences were observed for features such as head length, maximum body depth, pectoral fin length, pectoral fin thickness, pelvic fin length, head depth at eye level, maximum head depth, and preorbital length. The comparison of R. virgo of two size groups showed a number of changes in fish body proportions during fish growth, where 29 of 38 features were different. Length-weight relationship for mixed sexes was a = 0.0157, b = 3.088. The fecundity of R. virgo depended on age and varied from 6775 eggs (age 4+) to 51535 eggs (age 8+). R. virgo inhabiting the rivers of the Transcarpathian region is characterized by relatively rapid growth rate, and the results are within growth rate limits reported in the literature.
Effects of vitamins E and Riboflavin (B2) and combinations of them on the hematological parameters of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., fingerlings
Authors: Sharifzadeh Seyedeh Atefeh , Khara Hossein , Ghobadi Shayan 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In the present study, the effects of vitamins E, B2 and combinations of them on hematological parameters of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., were investigated during a 56-day experiment. The various dietary levels of vitamins E, B2 and their combination were used as experimental treatments, as follows: T1: vitamin E (80 mg), T2: vitamin E (160 mg kg diet-1), T3: vitamin E (240 mg kg diet-1), T4: vitamin B2 (7 mg kg diet-1), T5: vitamin B2 (15 mg kg diet-1), T6: vitamin B2 (20 mg kg diet-1), T7: vitamin E (80 mg kg diet-1) + vitamin B2 (7 mg kg diet-1), T8: vitamin E (160 mg kg diet-1) + vitamin B2 (15 mg kg diet-1), T9: vitamin E (240 mg kg diet-1) + vitamin B2 (20 mg kg diet-1). One group not given vitamin supplements was the control. The values of red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Hct) were higher in T7 than in the other experimental treatments. The values of white blood cells (WBC) were higher in T2 than in the other treatments. The concentration of immunoglobulin (IgM) was also lower in T10 than in the other experimental treatments. The highest values of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were observed in T2. No significant differences were noted among experimental groups in the values of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). This study showed that vitamin E and B2 supplements alter the hematological parameters of common carp.
Infective Endocarditis – An Observational Study
Authors: Tilea Brindusa , Teches Simona , Voidazan S. , Brinzaniuc Klara , Tilea I. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Introduction: Despite all the progresses made in the management of infectious and cardiovascular diseases, the incidence of infective endocarditis remains high. Aim: the assessment of etiological, clinical, therapeutic aspects in patients with endocarditis.
Material and method: A retrospective observational study in 40 patients with infective endocarditis was conducted, over a period of 5 years. Parameters related to demographic, risk factors, clinical aspects, nature and location of valve damage, bacteriological and therapeutic parameters were assessed. Echocardiography was used to confirm the location of the endocarditis; the aetiology of the disease was identified through the isolation of bacteria from blood cultures by using an automatic BacT/ALERT® system.
Results: Patients’ age ranged between 31 - 84 years old. The disease was present predominantly in male patients (67.5%). 70% of the patients were positively diagnosed with endocarditis and 30% with possible endocarditis; the most frequent localization was the native valves in 75% of the cases, compared to the localization in the prosthetic valves, 25%; the aortic valve was involved in 60% of the cases, mitral valve in 40% of the patients. Aetiology of endocarditis was confirmed in 55% of cases as follows: Enterococcus fecalis, speciae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus gallolyticus, coagulase-positive methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, coagulasepositive methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus lungdunensis, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus gordonii, viridans, agalactiae.
Antibiotic treatment was administered according to the antibiogram in 55% of the cases. Conclusions: Staphylococcus speciae was the most frequent etiologic agent both in case of native and prosthetic valve endocarditis, with aortic valve predominance.
Nuclear morphometric study of prostatic atrophy
Authors: Enciu Manuela , Aschie Mariana , Chisoi Anca , Poinareanu I. , Tuta Liliana Ana 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The prostatic atrophy is a lesion with small glands that can mimic adenocarcinoma, commonly diagnosed in the elderly and whose preneoplastic role is controversial. Over time several classifications have been developed for this lesions according to its architectural and cellular aspects.
Materials and Methods: Aim of the study is morphometrically assessment of epithelial component nuclei in prostatic atrophy. We evaluated parameters represented by nuclear area (NA), nuclear perimeter P (μm) Elongation factor (E), average diameter (DEQ), maximum diameter (Dmax), Minim diameter (Dmin). The control group was represented by adenomatous hyperplasia component of benign hyperplasia of the prostate.
Results: Morphometric analysis revealed significantly higher values of nuclear parameters in atrophy compared with adenomatous component in controls (p <0.05) which can signify nucleomegaly and a potential preneoplastic role.
Effects of Wood Ash on the Chemical Properties of Soil and Crop Vitality in Small Plot Experiments/ Fahamu hatása a talaj kémiai jellemzőire és a termény vitalitására egy kisparcellás kísérletben
Authors: Füzesi István , Heil Bálint , Kovács Gábor 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Wood-burning power plants and heating plants produce a great amount of wood ash as a by-product of the combustion process. In 2009 we launched an experiment in which we examined the composition of ash, the nutrient supplying capacity of soil mixed with ash, and the availability of its constituents. In the spring of 2010, we conducted small plot experiments using wood ash applications equivalent to 0; 1; 2.5; 5 and 10 t of wood ash/ha, on slightly acidic clay loam soil using white mustard and rye grass as the test plants. The pH value of the soil rose in a statistically verifiable way as a result of the ash treatments. After the application of ash, the P2O5 and K2O-content of the soil rose significantly; the treatments also increased the magnesium and sulphur content of the arable soil as well as the level of Zinc among the microelements. However, none of the wood ash applications caused verifiable changes in the number of shoots, in the green mass, or in the height of test plants. The increased nutrient supply of the soil through the treatments was not reflected in the nutrient content of the plants during the first year.
A geography graduate’s transition into the labour market in Poland: a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the process
Authors: Piróg Danuta 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Transition, i.e. the education-to-work shift, is considered one of the most important processes in human life. The characteristics of transition hinge on, first of all, the labour market situation, the economic climate in the region, the educational services market and the aspirations of society. Virtually unlimited access to education at an academic level and the growing appetite of young people for degrees have resulted in a rapid increase in the number of university graduates. Consequently, there has been a high supply of employees with university degrees. However, the speed and type of transition among recent graduates is one of the least investigated processes on the labour market in Poland.
The article presents the results of a survey on how Polish geographers enter the job market. The study compares geographers’ professional qualifications, aspirations and plans about their future job at the time of graduation with the actual fulfilment of those plans six months later. Quantitative analysis of the process shows that half the graduates have succeeded in finding employment. Qualitative analysis of the type of jobs shows that the university-to-work transition was unsatisfactory in many respects. For example, the new position was unlikely to require the graduates to use the competences acquired during the course of study, the job offered limited career development opportunities and had a low remuneration. All the above raise concerns regarding the limited opportunity for successful transition and the respondents’ low satisfaction level.
Restructuring the geography of domestic tourism in South Africa
Authors: Rogerson Christian M. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Domestic tourism is relatively under-represented in tourism scholarship. This article attempts to analyse the role of domestic tourism in one of the ‘emerging world regions’ of tourism. In the case of South Africa domestic tourism represents a significant element of the country’s tourism economy. The objectives are to provide (i) an analysis of the growth, contemporary spatial patterns and restructuring of domestic tourism in South Africa; and (ii) an assessment of emerging policy debates issues taking place about domestic tourism. Using a detailed local level data base on tourism flows this paper provides fresh insight into the character and changing geography of domestic tourism in South Africa. The nature and dynamics of domestic tourism are shown to have shifted since democratic transition. The restructured geography of domestic tourism exhibits a number of continuities and changes with earlier times. Government is seeking to use domestic tourism as a basis for addressing spatial unevenness in patterns of tourism development. In terms of recent spatial change it is revealed the most significant developments are the strengthening of Ethekwini as the country’s leading domestic tourism destination and the relative demise of Cape Town as a hub for domestic tourists.
Diatoms in an extreme euxinic environment (Rogoznica Lake, eastern Adriatic coast)
Authors: Malešević Nikola , Ciglenečki Irena , Bura-Nakić Elvira , Carić Marina , Dupčić Iris , Hrustić Enis , Viličić Damir , Ljubešić Zrinka 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe Rogoznica Lake marine system is a small, karstic, naturally eutrophic and euxinic marine environment. Abundance and temporal distribution of phytoplankton was investigated in relation to environmental conditions in the period from 1998 to 2013. The 36 determined diatoms contributed 90% of the total phytoplankton abundance. The diatom composition is characterized by low species diversity and high single species abundance (up to 107 cells L-1). There were, on average, 2.6 diatom species per sample (maximum 14 diatom species per sample) reflecting extreme environmental conditions. Dominant diatoms Thalassionema nitzschioides, Cyclotella choctawhatcheeana, Dactyliosolen fragilissimus and Chaetoceros curvisetus occurred repeatedly and were alternately dominant in the lake during the whole research period. Some diatoms were dominant only in limited period, like Cyclotella choctawhatcheeana (evident since 2001), and Pseudo-nitzschia spp. (evident in the period 2002 to 2009). It appears that the interplay of environmental conditions such as variability in thermohaline and redox conditions, nutrient and reduced sulphur concentration influence the phytoplankton development and abundance in the lake.
Deposition of Nano Tungsten Oxide on Glass Mat Using Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition for High Catalytic Activity
Authors: Shahidi Sheila , Jafari Azadeh , Sharifi Sanaz Dalal , Ghoranneviss Mahmood 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Different properties of nanostructured materials such as physical, chemical and catalytic properties based on metal nanoparticles for various applications have been studied extensively on account of their attraction these days. Nanocrystalline tungsten oxide (WO2) can chemically break down adsorbed organic contaminants in sunlight. In this research work, a novel photocatalyst of WO2/glass mat nanocomposite has been prepared by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method, which is used for the degradation of dyestuff from dyes wastewater. Morphology of treated mat was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The amounts of tungsten oxide on glass mat were examined using the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) method. Electrical surface resistivity was also measured. It is concluded that oxidant sedimentation has been done physically without any structural changes and increasing of reaction time led to an increase in deposition of tungsten oxide and finally led to a decrease in the electrical resistance of glass mat. The photocatalytic activities of tungsten-oxide-deposited glass mat were assessed by analyzing the decrease in concentration of the methylene blue (MB) as a colorant after exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The MB concentration decreases continuously, concomitant with the UV irradiation time up to 240 min. The results show that the WO2/glass mat nanocomposite exhibits high photocatalytic activity and provides a good way in the degradation field of dyes wastewater.