bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scholarship Schemes in Cambodian Higher Education: Unpacking Why Lower-Income Students are Lagging Behind
Authors: Hun Seyhakunthy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAttempts to expand the availability of higher education frequently come with exorbitant expenses, heightening the gap between privileged and underprivileged students. Distributing scholarships to the higher education sub-sector is commonly seen as a viable means of promoting educational success, expanding accessibility, and addressing equity issues in higher education. Nevertheless, the problem of equity remains a long-lasting and unfair obstacle in Cambodia's higher education sub-sector, despite the presence of a national scholarship policy. This is based on the straightforward fact that there is no fundamental metric to evaluate the inclusion and equity of scholarship distribution. Moreover, the scholarship selection procedures may be inefficient, contrary to what policy documents indicate, resulting in students from lower-income households being left behind in the opportunities they were promised. Therefore, this study is the first ever attempt to profile Cambodian higher education scholarships from a socio-economic viewpoint that discusses how family background impacts the likelihood of students from low-income households accessing social investments, such as scholarships. All analyses point out that opportunities are heavily skewed toward students with better-off background, and therefore incorporating this understanding will help Cambodian universities better allocate scholarships to boost the country’s human capital and improve university representation from lower economically-secure communities.
Versatility of social networking sites in meeting the acculturation needs of migrant populations between 2019 and 2023
Authors: Akter Afruza , Tan Kim Hua , Muslim Nazri 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the growing number of individuals seeking to improve their living conditions abroad, social networking sites are becoming indispensable to their daily existence for acculturation. However, the nature of the contribution of social networking sites in fulfilling migrants’ acculturation needs remains unclear and inadequately addressed in literature. This scoping review aims to synthesise the current literature examining the role of social networking sites in meeting migrants’ acculturation needs. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Methodological Guidelines and the most recent modifications to the PRISMA-ScR framework, this study synthesised 48 empirical articles published between 2019 and 2023. An automated search was conducted using multiple database platforms (Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar and ABDC’s Journal Ranking) with sorted results using a variety of search term combinations. The synthesis of the past studies found five common acculturation needs, namely, the cognitive, social integration, personal integration, affective and tension release needs that migrants have sought and obtained from social networking sites. All of these needs are included in the uses and gratifications theory as media consumption needs. Among the identified needs, social integration and cognitive ones are the most crucial for international students, migrant workers, immigrants, refugees and other categories of migrants to overcome the difficulties that they face in the host society and to maintain connections with the ethnic community. Nevertheless, the utilisation of social networking sites to fulfil those needs differs because of various socio-demographic and psychological determinants. Many of the studies focused on identifying needs associated with integration, thus neglecting those associated with other acculturation strategies, such as separation, marginalisation and assimilation. Mismatches and inconsistencies in the acculturation requirements that migrants obtain or seek from social network sites have also not been investigated in empirical studies. Therefore, this area is potentially viable and is likely to be the subject of subsequent research. The results of the current study are useful for formulating government policies and for recruiting agencies, rights activists, social workers and administrators who are working for migrant populations.
A long-distance flight of the Pilbara diamond-faced bat (Rhinonicteris aurantia) recorded via an automated VHF radio telemetry system
Authors: Knuckey Christopher George , Rasmussen Thomas , Rudin Tabitha , Reiffer Scott 
Published: June 2024

There is little information on movement and foraging patterns of the Pilbara diamond-faced bat (Rhinonicteris aurantia), which is formally recognised as a major research priority for the species. An automated VHF radio telemetry system was used to track bat movement in the central Hamersley Ranges over 21 days during the dry season. Individuals were confirmed travelling an average of 4.88 km (±6.96) from their roost each night and a cumulative average distance of 7.02 km (±8.70). Notably, a female was recorded traveling ~40 km between two isolated ranges on two consecutive nights, demonstrating the long-range abilities of the species.
The syntax of Korean reduced conditionals
Authors: Yoshida Masaya , Yoon Suwon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to provide an analysis of two important aspects of conditional clauses in Korean. The
first goal is to reveal the structure of the conditional clause. In investigating reduced conditionals and regular copula clausal
conditionals, we suggest the right-periphery of conditional clauses based on the Split CP hypothesis (Rizzi 1997; Saito 2010). The second goal is to examine the
distribution of the clausal pronoun kukes in reduced conditionals, which, we argue, is the result of FinP
ellipsis, building on the ellipsis theory of pronominalization (Baltin & Craenenbroeck
2008). In doing so, we make two empirical points: (i) the parallelism regarding argument/adjunct asymmetry indicates
that reduced conditionals are derived from clausal conditionals; and (ii) various connectivity effects reveal hidden clausal
structure behind the pronominal element kukes, which means that there is a tight connection between focus
constructions and conditional constructions in Korean. The implication of the present study is that we can argue against a
simple-minded dichotomy of anaphora that says there are two types of anaphora, Deep and Surface, and Deep anaphora does not have
syntactic structure.
Enhancing ECG Heartbeat classification with feature fusion neural networks and dynamic minority-biased batch weighting loss function
Authors: Cai Jiajun , Song Junmei , Peng Bo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective. This study aims to address the challenges of imbalanced heartbeat classification using electrocardiogram (ECG). In this proposed novel deep-learning method, the focus is on accurately identifying minority classes in conditions characterized by significant imbalances in ECG data. Approach. We propose a feature fusion neural network enhanced by a dynamic minority-biased batch weighting loss function. This network comprises three specialized branches: the complete ECG data branch for a comprehensive view of ECG signals, the local QRS wave branch for detailed features of the QRS complex, and the R wave information branch to analyze R wave characteristics. This structure is designed to extract diverse aspects of ECG data. The dynamic loss function prioritizes minority classes while maintaining the recognition of majority classes, adjusting the network’s learning focus without altering the original data distribution. Together, this fusion structure and adaptive loss function significantly improve the network’s ability to distinguish between various heartbeat classes, enhancing the accuracy of minority class identification. Main results. The proposed method demonstrated balanced performance within the MIT-BIH dataset, especially for minority classes. Under the intra-patient paradigm, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for Supraventricular ectopic beat were 99.63

%

, 93.62

%

, 99.81

%

, and 92.98

%

, respectively, and for Fusion beat were 99.76

%

, 85.56

%

, 99.87

%

, and 84.16

%

, respectively. Under the inter-patient paradigm, these metrics were 96.56

%

, 89.16

%

, 96.84

%

, and 51.99

%

for Supraventricular ectopic beat, and 96.10

%

, 77.06

%

, 96.25

%

, and 13.92

%

for Fusion beat, respectively. Significance. This method effectively addresses the class imbalance in ECG datasets. By leveraging diverse ECG signal information and a novel loss function, this approach offers a promising tool for aiding in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac conditions.
A 4D conservative chaotic system: dynamics and realization
Authors: Yu Zhiyuan , Du Baoxiang , Kong Degui , Chai Zhijun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel four-dimensional conservative chaotic system (4D CCS) with a simple algebraic representation, comprising only two quadratic nonlinear terms. The dynamic characteristics of the 4D CCS are investigated by Poincaré mappings, Lyapunov exponents (LE), bifurcation diagrams, equilibrium points and spectral entropy (SE) complexity algorithm. Variations in parameters, initial values, and Hamiltonian energy lead to alternations between quasi-periodic and chaotic flows in the 4D CCS. The maximum Lyapunov exponent of the 4D CCS can reach a high value of 366300 under adjusting appropriate parameters and initial values. The pseudorandom sequences generated by the 4D CCS successfully pass the NIST test. Additionally, both the electronic circuit and FPGA implementation of the 4D CCS are carried out, with the experimental results aligning closely with the simulation results.
Dynamics of fractional solitonic profiles to multicomponent Gross–Pitaevskii system
Authors: Younas Usman , Yao Fengping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The fractional multicomponent Gross-Pitaevskii system arising in the Bose-Einestein condensate is under consideration. The Gross-Pitaevskii equation plays a significant role in Bose-Einstein condensation and engineering, where it characterizes the dynamics of the condensate wave function. Superfluidity and superconductivity are two characteristics of the low-temperature phenomenon that are linked to the Bose–Einstein condensate, which is generated by a diluted atomic gas. The investigation of multi-component equations has garnered considerable attention because of their capacity to clarify intricate physical phenomena and reveal the dynamic configurations of localized wave solutions. A variety of solutions have been secured in various forms, including bright, dark, singular, and combo solitons, in addition to solutions of hyperbolic, periodic, and exponential functions. For the purpose of ensuring the solutions, recently developed integration tools called the modified Sardar subequation method and enhanced modified extended tanh-expansion method have been implemented. In nonlinear dispersive media, solitons are stretched electromagnetic waves that maintain their intensity due to a balance between the effects of dispersion and nonlinearity. The proposed approaches are certainly the most direct, efficient, and valuable method for dealing with multiple nonlinear models that arise in applied physics and mathematics, with the purpose of generating various types of exact solutions. In addition, 3D, 2D, contour, and density plots have been utilized to visually represent the obtained results, facilitating a greater understanding of the physical effects of the derived solutions. The solutions attained are of great importance with regard to their applicability across a wide range of quantum systems.
Effect of the insertion of silver nanoparticles on the performance and electrical features of Ag/SiNWs Schottky diode
Authors: Hemdani Ahmed , Rahmani Mehdi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we studied the effect of the passivation of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the efficiency of Ag/SiNWs/Si Schottky diodes. SiNWs are obtained by one-step Ag-assisted chemical etching method. AgNPs were deposited on SiNWs using an electroless dipping method. Schottky junction devices have been successfully made using silicon nanowires coated with silver nanoparticles. The current–voltage (I-V) characteristics of Ag/AgNPs-SiNWs Schottky diode have been investigated by varying the immersion time in silver nitrate solution from 1 to 5 min. The I-V characteristics presented in logarithmic scale confirmed the domination of SCLC conduction mechanism at high voltage. The ideality factor (n), height of potential barrier (φb) and series resistance (Rs) of diodes are calculated by adopting the Cheung method. Compared to the Ag/SiNWs Schottky junction, the diode that presents AgNPs at the interface shows a significant improvement in electrical parameters. The potential barrier reaches 1.09 eV and the ideality factor is reduced to 2.64 with the presence of AgNPs for an immersion time of 1 min. Norde’s equation has also been used to calculate the series resistance and the potential barrier. The results obtained by Norde method are slightly shifted compared to those found by Cheung functions while the findings concerning the optimization of the immersion time are practically the same.
Slow 7Be and the primordial 7Li abundance
Authors: Voronchev V T 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The cross sections of neutron-induced nuclear reactions are commonly large at low energies. Given this feature, the 7Be(n, p)7Li process with slow 7Be is studied in connection with the cosmological lithium problem. An idea is tested whether slow (non-Maxwellian) 7Be born in the radiative capture 3He(α, γ)7Be reaction can boost the 7Be(n, p)7Li(p, α)α mechanism of 7Li burn-up in the early universe, reducing the amount of primordial 7Li. The rate of this sequential process is examined and its effect on the 7Li abundance is clarified. In the absence of 7Be thermalization in the primordial plasma, the above mechanism can decrease 7Li/H by several percent, leaving unchanged the abundances of D and 4He which are consistent with observations. However, taking into account the 7Be thermalization due to scattering off electrons, positrons, nuclei, and photons radically suppresses the effect. It is found that the typical thermalization time of 7Be is less than 10−5 s, while the fraction of non-Maxwellian particles in the 7Be component is at most 2 × 10−7. Under this condition, the corresponding impact on 7Li/H is estimated to be no more than 10−5%.
Nonlocal strain gradient-based nonlinear vibration analysis of nonlinear FG three-phase HJCNT/MWCNT/epoxy composite microbeam resonators using a modified micromechanical model
Authors: Mohammadian Mostafa , Hosseini Seyed Mahmoud 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper aims to study nonlinear dynamic behavior of functionally graded (FG) three-phase composite microbeam resonators made of an epoxy matrix and two reinforcements namely multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and hetero-junction carbon nanotubes (HJCNTs). The effective mechanical properties of the composite microbeam are obtained using the modified Halpin-Tsai micromechanical model. The microbeam surrounding medium is simulated using a two-parameter elastic foundation. The von-Karman’s geometric nonlinearity relations are incorporated and the equations of motion are derived based on the nonlocal strain gradient Euler–Bernoulli beam model. A new closed-form analytical solution is obtained using the homotopy perturbation method. The effects of vibration amplitude, nanofiber volume fraction, nanofiber distribution pattern, small-scale parameters and the foundation parameters on the nonlinear frequency and deflection of the FG three-phase composite microbeams are studied in detail. The findings of the paper are valuable for researchers in the field of microbeam resonators.
Gaussian and Lévy noises excited delayed tumor growth model: first-passage behavior and stochastic resonance
Authors: Yu Qin , Guo Yongfeng , Chen Haoyu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we analyze the dynamical behavior of a delayed tumor growth model under the joint effect of Gaussian white noise and Lévy noise by studying the mean first passage time (MFPT) and stochastic resonance (SR). Firstly, the tumor growth model under the joint effect of Gaussian white noise, Lévy noise and time delay is introduced. Then, the Lévy noise sequence is simulated by Janicki-Weron algorithm, and the MFPT and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of the system are simulated by using fourth-order stochastic Runge–Kutta algorithm. The effects of noise parameters, time delay and periodic signal parameters on MFPT, SR are discussed in detail, respectively. In addition, we find the phenomenon of noise enhanced stability. The results of the study can help to select the optimal regulatory parameters in the tumor growth model and promote the treatment of tumors.
Optimal convex approximations of qubit states under Pauli distance
Authors: Zhang Li-qiang , Shi Kai , Yu Chang-shui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Utilizing the

l
1

norm as the quantum state distance metric, we consider the Pauli distance of arbitrary target quantum states, that is, the optimal convex approximation of any qubit mixed states relative to the available state of pairs of eigenstates in three Pauli matrices. We get the complete analytical expressions for

B
1

-distance,

B
2

-distance and

B
3

-distance. We determine the parameter range for the optimal approximation of each

B
2

-distance in eight distinct scenarios. Furthermore, some trade-off relations about

B
2

-distances are also studied.
On the analysis and control of a bipedal legged locomotion model via partial feedback linearization
Authors: Hamzaçebi Hasan , Uyanik Ismail , Morgül Ömer 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, we introduce a new model for bipedal locomotion that enhances the classical spring-loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP) model. Our proposed model incorporates a damping term in the leg spring, a linear actuator serially interconnected to the leg, and a rotary actuator affixed to the hip. The distinct feature of this new model is its ability to overcome the non-integrability challenge inherent in the conventional SLIP models through the application of partial feedback linearization. By leveraging these actuators, our model enhances the stability and robustness of the locomotion mechanism, particularly when navigating across varied terrain profiles. To validate the effectiveness and practicality of this model, we conducted detailed simulation studies, benchmarking its performance against other recent models outlined in the literature. Our findings suggest that the redundancy in actuation introduced by our model significantly facilitates both open-loop and closed-loop walking gait, showcasing promising potential for the future of bipedal locomotion, especially for bio-inspired robotics applications in outdoor and rough terrains.
A superstatistical measure of distance from canonical equilibrium
Authors: Davis Sergio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Non-equilibrium systems in steady states are commonly described by generalized statistical mechanical frameworks such as superstatistics, which assumes that the inverse temperature

β
=
1

/

(

k

B

T
)

is an unknown quantity having some pre-established statistical distribution. The uncertainty in β is usually understood as the fluctuation of a physical observable, however, it has been previously proved (Davis and Gutiérrez 2018 Physica A 505 864–70) that β in a superstatistical model cannot be associated to an observable function

B
(
Γ
)

of the microstates Γ. In this work, we provide an information-theoretical interpretation of this theorem by introducing a new quantity

D

, the mutual information between β and Γ. Our results show that

D

is also a measure of departure from canonical equilibrium, and reveal a minimum, non-zero uncertainty about β given Γ for every non-canonical superstatistical ensemble. The behavior of

D

is illustrated in the case of a collisionless plasma described by kappa distributions, revealing the precise sense in which the spectral index κ can be understood as a measure of distance from equilibrium.
℘

-adic quantum mechanics, the Dirac equation, and the violation of Einstein causality
Authors: Zúñiga-Galindo W A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article studies the breaking of the Lorentz symmetry at the Planck length in quantum mechanics. We use three-dimensional

℘

-adic vectors as position variables, while the time remains a real number. In this setting, the Planck length is

1

/

℘

, where

℘

is a prime number, and the Lorentz symmetry is naturally broken. In the framework of the Dirac-von Neumann formalism for quantum mechanics, we introduce a new

℘

-adic Dirac equation that predicts the existence of particles and antiparticles and charge conjugation like the standard one. The discreteness of the

℘

-adic space imposes substantial restrictions on the solutions of the new equation. This equation admits localized solutions, which is impossible in the standard case. We show that an isolated quantum system whose evolution is controlled by the

℘

-adic Dirac equation does not satisfy the Einstein causality, which means that the speed of light is not the upper limit for the speed at which conventional matter or energy can travel through space. The new

℘

-adic Dirac equation is not intended to replace the standard one; it should be understood as a new version (or a limit) of the classical equation at the Planck length scale.
Learning linear optical circuits with coherent states
Authors: Volkoff T J , Sornborger Andrew T 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We analyze the energy and training data requirements for supervised learning of an M-mode linear optical circuit by minimizing an empirical risk defined solely from the action of the circuit on coherent states. When the linear optical circuit acts non-trivially only on k < M unknown modes (i.e. a linear optical k-junta), we provide an energy-efficient, adaptive algorithm that identifies the junta set and learns the circuit. We compare two schemes for allocating a total energy, E, to the learning algorithm. In the first scheme, each of the T random training coherent states has energy

E

/

T

. In the second scheme, a single random MT-mode coherent state with energy E is partitioned into T training coherent states. The latter scheme exhibits a polynomial advantage in training data size sufficient for convergence of the empirical risk to the full risk due to concentration of measure on the

(
2
M
T
−
1
)

-sphere. Specifically, generalization bounds for both schemes are proven, which indicate that for ε-approximation of the full risk by the empirical risk with high probability,

O
(

E

2

/

3

M

2

/

3

/

ϵ

2

/

3

)

training states are sufficient for the first scheme and

O
(

E

1

/

3

M

1

/

3

/

ϵ

2

/

3

)

training states are sufficient for the second scheme.