bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms among Primary-Care Physicians in China
Authors: Shen Liang-Liang , Lao Li-Min , Jiang Sun-Fang , Yang Hua , Ren Li-Min , Ying Derek Gard-Ching , Zhu Shan-Zhu 
Published: February 2013

Objective: Anxiety and depression disorder are the most prevalent mental health problems. However, few studies are available pertaining to these problems among Chinese doctors, especially the assessment of the anxiety and depression symptoms among primary-care providers. The aim of this study was to assess the anxiety and depression symptoms among Chinese primary-care physicians and their associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 451 primary-care physicians in Shanghai China (effective response rate was 79.8%). There were 177 male physicians and 274 female physicians with average age of 37.8 ( SD ± 11.1) years. Questionnaire pertaining to depression disorder was indicated by the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and anxiety disorder was indicated by the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Results: The average SAS and SDS standard scores of the primary-care physicians were 41.1 ± 11.5 and 46.5 ± 11.8 respectively. Both of the scale scores were higher than those of Chinese national norms ( P both < 0.001). SDS standard score ⩾ 53 and SAS standard score ⩾ 50 were regarded as screening-positive criteria. SAS and SDS screening positive rates of primary-care physicians were 18.0% and 31.7% respectively. In addition, married/cohabited and divorced/widowed physicians aged over 30 years with educational background of junior college had higher risks of anxiety and depression disorders. Conclusions: Chinese primary-care physicians were at considerably high risk of anxiety and depression disorders, which was worthy of attention during healthcare system reform in China.
Reducing Major Depression in Children at High Risk: Opportunities for Prevention
Authors: Keller Gary A. , Gottlieb Diane T. 
Published: February 2013

Objective: The profound negative impact of a parent's Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) on his or her children is of increasing concern to public health and mental health professionals. Children of a depressed parent have a markedly elevated risk for psychiatric illness, including a fourfold increased risk for MDD. The objective is to examine the scientific literature for ways to reduce this high risk to the offspring. First, we consider the relation between effective treatment of a parent's depression and reduced risk to the offspring, and review the effectiveness of treatments for adult MDD. We then review emerging evidence that risk for psychopathology can be reduced in children of depressed parents by preventive intervention, including targeting two pathways hypothesized as links between parental MDD and offspring psychopathology: parenting skills and child coping. Data Sources: Three 5-year PubMed searches, and a Cochrane Database search, and one Medline and two PsycLit searches (to 1970) were completed (search words in combinations included: depression, prevention, treatments, depression in families, family interaction, adolescents). Study Selection: Randomized controlled studies are included, and review studies and meta-analyses are highlighted to provide a critical overview of the considerable scientific literatures for specific steps that can be taken to reduce the high risk of depression to the offspring of parents with MDD. Results: A deliberate clinical focus on better treatment of MDD in parents is clearly needed and has the potential additional benefit of reducing psychopathology in their children. Altering clinical treatment to address MDD “co-occurring” in both parent and child is supported by the scientific literature. There is also good evidence that preventive intervention with high-risk adolescents reduces the incidence of MDD. Targeting parenting skills and teaching children how to better cope with a parent's illness that they cannot control, appears to reduce MDD in the offspring.
The Virtual Close and Continuous Monitoring at Cisco
Authors: O'Leary Daniel E. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT
This case analyzes the implementation of a virtual close and continuous monitoring capability at Cisco. Cisco was among the first firms to implement such a system capability. This case traces the development of that virtual close capability and monitoring system through technology changes, accounting process changes, changes in accounting policies, implementation of standard accounting artifacts, and reorganization of the accounting and finance functions, and examines some of the resulting payoffs. The case also examines some of the limitations of the system. In addition, the case examines how expectations of these capabilities may have resulted in a class action suit against Cisco. The case is appropriate for accounting information system and business courses that examine issues related to enterprise resource planning systems. The case also can be used to address issues such as reengineering the finance function and potential control needs in a virtual close environment.
The Prevalence of Meeting A1C, Blood Pressure, and LDL Goals Among People With Diabetes, 1988–2010
Authors: Stark Casagrande Sarah , Fradkin Judith E. , Saydah Sharon H. , Rust Keith F. , Cowie Catherine C. 
Published: February 2013

OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of people with diabetes who meet hemoglobin A1c (A1C), blood pressure (BP), and LDL cholesterol (ABC) recommendations and their current statin use, factors associated with goal achievement, and changes in the proportion achieving goals between 1988 and 2010.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data were cross-sectional from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 1988–1994, 1999–2002, 2003–2006, and 2007–2010. Participants were 4,926 adults aged ≥20 years who self-reported a previous diagnosis of diabetes and completed the household interview and physical examination (n = 1,558 for valid LDL levels). Main outcome measures were A1C, BP, and LDL cholesterol, in accordance with the American Diabetes Association recommendations, and current use of statins.

RESULTS
In 2007–2010, 52.5% of people with diabetes achieved A1C &lt;7.0% (&lt;53 mmol/mol), 51.1% achieved BP &lt;130/80 mmHg, 56.2% achieved LDL &lt;100 mg/dL, and 18.8% achieved all three ABCs. These levels of control were significant improvements from 1988 to 1994 (all P &lt; 0.05). Statin use significantly increased between 1988–1994 (4.2%) and 2007–2010 (51.4%, P &lt; 0.01). Compared with non-Hispanic whites, Mexican Americans were less likely to meet A1C and LDL goals (P &lt; 0.03), and non-Hispanic blacks were less likely to meet BP and LDL goals (P &lt; 0.02). Compared with non-Hispanic blacks, Mexican Americans were less likely to meet A1C goals (P &lt; 0.01). Younger individuals were less likely to meet A1C and LDL goals.

CONCLUSIONS
Despite significant improvement during the past decade, achieving the ABC goals remains suboptimal among adults with diabetes, particularly in some minority groups. Substantial opportunity exists to further improve diabetes control and, thus, to reduce diabetes-related morbidity and mortality.
The plastid genome of the hornwort Nothoceros aenigmaticus (Dendrocerotaceae): Phylogenetic signal in inverted repeat expansion, pseudogenization, and intron gain
Authors: Villarreal Juan Carlos , Forrest Laura Lowe , Wickett Norman , Goffinet Bernard 
Published: February 2013

• Premise of the study: The previously sequenced plastome of the hornwort Anthoceros angustus differs from that of other bryophytes by an expanded inverted repeat (IR) and the presence of a type I intron in the 23S ribosomal RNA (rrn23) gene. We assembled the plastome of the hornwort Nothoceros aenigmaticus, contrasted its architecture to that of other bryophytes, and assessed the phylogenetic significance of genomic characters in hornwort evolution.• Methods: The Nothoceros plastome was reconstructed from shotgun sequencing of genomic DNA. Comparison with the Anthoceros plastome revealed three structural differences. We sequenced these regions in taxa spanning the hornwort phylogeny.• Key results: The Nothoceros plastome is colinear with other bryophyte plastomes, but differs from the Anthoceros plastome by several gene regions located within the IR in Anthoceros being in the large single‐copy region in Nothoceros, by the rrn23 gene lacking an intron, and by the rpl2 being a pseudogene. Comparisons across the hornwort phylogeny indicate that the first two characters are restricted to Anthocerotaceae, while rpl2 pseudogenization diagnoses the sister lineage to Anthocerotaceae.• Conclusions: The Nothoceros plastome is structurally similar to that of most bryophytes. However, we identified more structural differences within hornworts than have been described within either the mosses or the liverworts. The distribution of the gene duplication involving the IR and an intron in the rrn23 gene are restricted to Anthocerotaceae. Occurrence of the intron and the conserved intron sequence between Anthoceros and distantly related chlorophyte algae may be due to horizontal gene transfer.
Insight and educational intervention concerning hepatitis among roadside barbers and their clients in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Shahid Anjum , Nasim Sadia , Memon Ashfaque Ahmed 
Published: February 2013

Introduction: This study aimed to determine perceptions of hepatitis and make available an educational intervention session regarding the infection among roadside barbers and their clients. Methodology: A cross-sectional study using convenience random sampling technique was conducted on all barbers and one each of their clients during January to June, 2011, in Karachi, Pakistan. After informed consent was taken and confidentiality ensured, respondents answered an anonymous questionnaire of closed-ended questions regarding hepatitis. The interview was followed by an educational intervention session. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17. Results: About 51% and 32% of the barbers and clients respectively had knowledge regarding hepatitis. Razors were recognized as agents for transmitting the infection by 12% and 42% of the barbers and clients respectively. Most (96%) barbers disinfected the razor before use and 49% of the clients confirmed that the razor was sterilized before shaving, while 79% insisted on new blade. Though 50% and 30% of the barbers and clients respectively knew that hepatitis is a preventable disease, only 2% and 7% of the respective barbers and clients were vaccinated against Hepatitis B. Reasons for not being vaccinated were non-awareness and cost of the HBV vaccine. Only half of the barbers and clients considered themselves to be at risk for hepatitis. Conclusions: In Karachi, barbers and clients have poor knowledge of hepatitis and the means of transmissions, as well as low vaccination rates against HBV infection. Hence barbers and their clients must be educated about hepatitis and its prevention.
Serratia marcescens: an unusual pathogen associated with snakebite cellulitis
Authors: Subramani Parimala , Narasimhamurthy Gokul Bindiganavile , Ashokan Bhaskaran , Madappa Beena Prasavangada 
Published: February 2013

This study reports a case of Serratia marcescens cellulitis following a snakebite in a 50-year-old woman. The bite was on the dorsum of the right hand with symptoms of envenomation. She developed swelling and cellulitis with tissue necrosis. Wound debridement was performed. Pus and tissue biopsy cultures yielded Serratia marcescens sensitive to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. The patient responded to anti-snake venom (ASV) therapy, ciprofloxacin, local wound management and recovered uneventfully.
Intestinal parasitic and candida infection associated with HIV infection in Cameroon
Authors: Lehman Leopold Gustave , Kangam Lafortune , Mbenoun Marthe-Lilianne , Zemo Nguepi Eveline , Essomba Noël , Tonga Calvin , Bilong Bilong Charles Felix 
Published: February 2013

Introduction: HIV causes progressive impairment of the cellular immune system leading to increased susceptibility to infectious agents. Parasitic infestations are common in HIV-infected patients and usually lead to diarrhoea. Few studies have addressed the issue of intestinal parasites among HIV-infected persons in Cameroon. This investigation was conducted in Douala, Cameroon, to assess the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in HIV-infected patients, taking into account their immune status and treatment course. Methodology: Stool and blood samples were collected from 201 HIV-positive patients for the investigation of intestinal pathogens and CD4+ counts. Results: Fifty-six (27.9%) patients harbored pathogens. The most frequent pathogens were Candida spp. (14.9%), Cryptosporidium spp. (7.5%), Entamoeba histolytica, and Entamoeba dispar (3%). The presence of pathogens was significantly associated with diarrhoea, as they were found in 48.6% of diarrhoeic stools and 23.2% of non-diarrhoeic stools (OR = 3.14, p= 0.0018). Prevalence of pathogens and diarrhoea were significantly higher in patients with CD4+ counts ≤ 200 cells/µL (OR = 2.17, p = 0.0349 and OR = 8.46, p = 0.000019 respectively). Conclusions: This study highlights the need for investigating intestinal pathogens in HIV-infected patients presenting with diarrhoea, especially when their CD4+ counts are low.
New Centromere Autoantigens Identified in Systemic Sclerosis Using Centromere Protein Microarrays
Authors: Song Guang , Hu Chaojun , Zhu Heng , Wang Li , Zhang Fengchun , Li Yongzhe , Wu Lin 
Published: February 2013

Objective.To identify novel centromere protein (CENP) targets of anticentromere antibodies (ACA), and to investigate their association with clinical manifestations of systemic sclerosis (SSc).Methods.A CENP-focused protein microarray was fabricated by spotting 14 purified CENP. These microarrays were individually incubated with 35 ACA-positive SSc sera and 20 ACA-negative healthy control samples. Newly identified CENP autoantigens with high sensitivities were selected for validation and characterization.Results.Statistical analysis revealed 11 CENP are potential target antigens of ACA in patients with SSc. Of them, 5 [CENP-P, CENP-Q, CENP-M (isoform I), CENP-J, and CENP-T] are novel, among which CENP-P and CENP-Q showed high sensitivities in ACA-positive SSc sera of 34.3% and 28.6%, respectively. Subsequently, 186 SSc sera (35 ACA-positives and 151 negatives), 69 ACA-positive sera from other various autoimmune diseases (primary Sjögren syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and primary biliary cirrhosis), and 31 healthy sera were assayed for the presence of anti-CENP-P and -Q autoantibodies by ELISA followed by Western blotting analysis. CENP-P and -Q autoantibodies were detected in ACA-positive sera of various disease groups; among them, SSc showed the highest detection rate. Anti-CENP-P was also found in 9 of the 151 ACA-negative sera. Analyses of the correlation with clinical information showed anti-CENP-P-positive patients had higher levels of IgG, IgA, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate among the ACA-positive cohort and were more vulnerable to renal disease in the ACA-negative patients with SSc. Regardless of ACA status, anti-CENP-P or Q-negative patients seem to be predominantly affected by interstitial lung disease.Conclusion.CENP-P and CENP-Q were identified as novel ACA autoantigens by CENP microarray assays followed by validation of ELISA and Western blotting. Both of them have prognostic utility for interstitial lung disease. CENP-P was associated with renal disease in an ACA-negative cohort.
Low Socioeconomic Status (Measured by Education) and Outcomes in Systemic Sclerosis: Data from the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group
Authors: Mansour Samah , Bonner Ashley , Muangchan Chayawee , Hudson Marie , Baron Murray , Pope Janet E. ,   The Canadian Scleroderma Research Group
Published: February 2013

Objective.In systemic lupus erythematosus, socioeconomic status (SES) affects outcomes. SES can modify outcomes by altering timing of access to care and adherence. It is unknown whether SES affects systemic sclerosis (SSc) outcomes. Disease can affect income and cause work disability, thus education (completed long before SSc onset) may be a proxy for SES.Methods.The Canadian Scleroderma Research Group collects annual data on patients with SSc. Baseline data were used from a prevalent cohort. Education was stratified by whether participants completed high school. Regression models assessed effects of education on organ complications and survival.Results.In our study, 1145 patients with SSc had 11.0 ± 9.5 years' disease duration; 86% were women, with a mean age of 55.4 ± 12.1 years. About one-quarter did not complete high school; this was more common in older patients (p < 0.0001), men (p = 0.017), those with lower income (p < 0.0001), the unemployed (p < 0.054), smokers (p < 0.001), where DLCO was < 70% predicted (p = 0.009), in those with arthritis (p = 0.047), higher Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (p = 0.017), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.019), median C-reactive protein (p = 0.002), proteinuria (p = 0.016), steroid use ever (p = 0.039), and those more likely to have died in followup (12.7% vs 8.0%; p = 0.024). However, adjusting for confounders, there was no effect of education on mortality; whereas mortality was related to age, diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) subset, elevated pulmonary arterial (PA) pressure on echocardiography, low forced vital capacity expressed as percentage of predicted, and proteinuria (similar in the dcSSc subset and in limited cutaneous SSc), mortality was increased in older patients, those with elevated PA pressure, and those with low DLCO.Conclusion.Completing less education than high school was not associated with a worse prognosis in SSc after adjustment for confounding characteristics.
Disease Course, Outcome, and Predictors of Outcome in a Population-based Juvenile Chronic Arthritis Cohort Followed for 17 Years
Authors: Bertilsson Lennart , Andersson-Gäre Boel , Fasth Anders , Petersson Ingemar F. , Forsblad-D’elia Helena 
Published: February 2013

Objective.To investigate disease course, outcome, and predictors of outcome in an unselected population-based cohort of individuals diagnosed with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) followed for 17 years.Methods.The cohort consisted of 132 incidence JCA cases identified 1984–1986 according to EULAR criteria. At 5-year followup, 129 individuals underwent joint assessment, laboratory measurements, radiographic examination, and medication and functional assessment. At 17-year followup, 86 were examined with joint assessment, laboratory measurements, medication assessment, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Keitel functional test (KFT), and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36).Results.At 17-year followup, 40% were in remission, 44% changed subgroups, median HAQ score was 0.0 (range 0.0–1.5), and median KFT was 100 (range 54–100). SF-36 scores were significantly lower compared to a reference group. Thirty-nine percent of those in remission at 5-year followup were not in remission at 17-year followup. In multivariate analyses of variables from the 17-year followup: remission was predicted by remission at 5-year followup (OR 4.8); HAQ > 0 by rheumatoid factor (RF)-positivity at 5-year followup (OR 3.6); KFT < 100 by nonremission (OR 11.3); and RF-positivity (OR 5.6) at 5-year followup; and the SF-36 physical component summary score above average of the reference group by remission at 5-year followup (OR 5.8).Conclusion.This longterm study of 86 individuals with JCA showed large variability of disease courses and of impaired health-related quality of life. Sixty percent were not in remission at 17-year followup. Longterm outcome was best predicted by and associated with characteristics at 5-year followup rather than those at onset.
Quantitative and Semiquantitative Bone Erosion Assessment on High-resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Srikhum Waraporn , Virayavanich Warapat , Burghardt Andrew J. , Yu Andrew , Link Thomas M. , Imboden John B. , Li Xiaojuan 
Published: February 2013

Objective.To develop novel quantitative and semiquantitative bone erosion measures at metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and wrist joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT), and to correlate these measurements with disease duration and bone marrow edema (BME) patterns derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods.Sixteen patients with RA and 7 healthy subjects underwent hand and wrist HR-pQCT and 3-Tesla MRI. Bone erosions of the MCP2, MCP3, and distal radius were evaluated by measuring maximal erosion dimension on axial slices, which is a simple and fast measurement, and then were graded (grades 0–3) based on the maximal dimension. Correlation coefficients were calculated between (1) sum maximal dimensions, highest grades, and sum grades of bone erosions; (2) erosion measures and the clinical evaluation; (3) erosion measures and BME volume in distal radius.Results.The inter- and intrareader agreements of maximal erosion dimensions were excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients 0.89, 0.99, and root mean square error 9.4%, 4.7%, respectively). Highest grades and sum grades were significantly correlated to sum maximal dimensions of all erosions. Number of erosions, sum maximal erosion dimensions, highest grades, and sum grades correlated significantly with disease duration. Number of erosions, sum maximal dimensions, and erosion grading of the distal radius correlated significantly with BME volume.Conclusion.HR-pQCT provides a sensitive method with high reader agreement in assessment of structural bone damage in RA. The good correlation of erosion measures with disease duration as well as BME volume suggests that they could become feasible measures of erosions in RA.
Coronary Artery Involvement in Takayasu Arteritis in 45 Chinese Patients
Authors: Sun Teng , Zhang Huimin , Ma Wenjun , Yang Lirui , Jiang Xiongjing , Wu Haiying , Hui Rutai , Zheng Deyu 
Published: February 2013

Objective.We investigated the clinical characteristics, potential difficulties in diagnosis, and therapy for coronary artery involvement in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA).Methods.Of 587 consecutive patients hospitalized with TA from 1998 to 2011, those found to have > 50% reduction of diameter of coronary artery by angiography were recruited. We defined the first finding of coronary involvement as baseline. The clinical features, laboratory data, coronary angiographic findings, treatment, and followup outcomes were summarized retrospectively.Results.A total of 45 (7.7%, 45/587) patients with coronary involvement were identified, including 40 with typical angina, and 15 with myocardial infarction. Some had complications such as peripheral vascular murmur, pulseless disease, and hypertension. The average age at onset of cardiac symptoms was 40.3 ± 12.8 years (range 15–64) and 36 were female. At admission, erythrocyte sedimentation rates were elevated in 27 patients (60%) and C-reactive protein levels in 23 (51.1%). The ostia (37.4%) and proximal segments (33.3%) of coronary artery were most frequently involved. The treatment was stent implantation in 10 patients and coronary artery bypass grafting in 13. One female patient suffered sudden death during the angiography. During a mean followup of 5.8 ± 4.5 years, 8 patients died.Conclusion.Coronary artery involvement in TA that leads to cardiovascular events, especially to cardiovascular death, is not rare. Early diagnosis and therapy should be emphasized.