bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fiscal consolidation and unemployment: does EPL matter?: A look at EU countries
Authors: Turrini Alessandro 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
This paper estimates the impact of fiscal consolidation on unemployment and job market flows across EU countries using a recent database of consolidation episodes built on the basis of a “narrative” approach (Devries et al., 2011). Results show that the impact of fiscal consolidation on cyclical unemployment is temporary and significant mostly for expenditure measures. As expected, the impact of fiscal policy shocks on job separation rates is much stronger in low-EPL countries, while for high-EPL countries there is a stronger reduction in the rate at which new jobs are created. Since a reduced job-finding rate corresponds to a longer average duration of unemployment spells, fiscal policy shocks also tend to have a stronger impact on long-term unemployment if EPL for permanent contracts is stricter.

JEL codes

E62, J63, J65
Randomized Phase III Trial of Maintenance Bevacizumab With or Without Pemetrexed After First-Line Induction With Bevacizumab, Cisplatin, and Pemetrexed in Advanced Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: AVAPERL (MO22089)
Authors: Barlesi Fabrice , Scherpereel Arnaud , Rittmeyer Achim , Pazzola Antonio , Ferrer Tur Neus , Kim Joo-Hang , Ahn Myung-Ju , Aerts Joachim G.J.V. , Gorbunova Vera , Vikström Anders , Wong Elaine K. , Perez-Moreno Pablo , Mitchell Lada , Groen Harry J.M. 
Published: July 2013

Purpose Maintenance therapy is associated with improved survival in patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but few studies have compared active agents in this setting. AVAPERL evaluated the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab with or without pemetrexed as continuation maintenance treatment. Patients and Methods Patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC received first-line bevacizumab 7.5 mg/kg, cisplatin 75 mg/m2, and pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 once every 3 weeks for four cycles. Those achieving response or stable disease were randomly assigned at a ratio of 1:1 to maintenance bevacizumab 7.5 mg/kg or bevacizumab 7.5 mg/kg plus pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 once every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) after random assignment. Results In total, 376 patients received induction treatment, 71.9% achieved disease control, and 67.3% were randomly assigned to maintenance therapy, with 125 and 128 receiving single-agent bevacizumab and bevacizumab plus pemetrexed treatment, respectively. At a median follow-up of 8.1 months, PFS from random assignment was significantly improved in the bevacizumab plus pemetrexed arm (median, 3.7 v 7.4 months; hazard ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.66; P < .001) per a stratified model. The PFS benefit extended across age, performance status, smoking history, and induction response (stable disease v partial response) subgroups. Any grade, grade ≥ 3, and serious adverse events occurred more often with bevacizumab plus pemetrexed maintenance. No new safety signals were observed. Conclusion In an unselected population of patients with nonsquamous NSCLC who had achieved disease control with platinum-based chemotherapy plus bevacizumab, bevacizumab plus pemetrexed maintenance was associated with a significant PFS benefit compared with bevacizumab alone. The combination was well tolerated.
Obinutuzumab (GA101) in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Results From the Phase II GAUGUIN Study
Authors: Salles Gilles A. , Morschhauser Franck , Solal-Céligny Philippe , Thieblemont Catherine , Lamy Thierry , Tilly Hervé , Gyan Emmanuel , Lei Guiyuan , Wenger Michael , Wassner-Fritsch Elisabeth , Cartron Guillaume 
Published: July 2013

Purpose The phase II part of the phase I/II GAUGUIN study evaluated the efficacy and safety of two different doses of obinutuzumab (GA101), a type II, glycoengineered, humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, in patients with relapsed/refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Patients and Methods Patients were randomly assigned to receive eight cycles of obinutuzumab (GA101) as a flat dose of 400 mg on days 1 and 8 of cycle 1 and also on day 1 of cycles 2 to 8 (400/400 mg) or 1,600 mg on days 1 and 8 of cycle 1 and 800 mg on day 1 of cycles 2 to 8 (1,600/800 mg). Results Forty patients were enrolled, including 34 with follicular lymphoma; 38 of 40 patients had previously received rituximab and 22 of 40 were rituximab refractory. The overall response rate at the end of treatment was 55% (95% CI, 32% to 76%) in the 1,600/800-mg group (9% complete responders) and 17% (95% CI, 4% to 41%) in the 400/400-mg group (no complete responders). Five of 10 rituximab-refractory patients had an end-of-treatment response in the 1,600/800-mg group versus one of 12 in the 400/400-mg group. Median progression-free survival was 11.9 months in the 1,600/800-mg group (range, 1.8 to 33.9+ months) and 6.0 months in the 400/400-mg group (range, 1.0 to 33.9+ months). The most common adverse events were infusion-related reactions (IRRs) seen in 73% of patients, but only two patients had grade 3 to 4 IRRs (both in the 1,600/800-mg group). No IRRs were considered serious, and no patients withdrew for IRRs. Conclusion The 1,600/800-mg dose schedule of obinutuzumab (GA101) has encouraging activity with an acceptable safety profile in relapsed/refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
“In a Bar Room Called the ‘Fifteen Amendment’”: Reconstruction and the Women of New Orleans’s Demimonde
Authors: Smith Elizabeth Parish 
Published: July 2013

This essay examines the experiences of three women—one Creole, one black, one white—in New Orleans’s Reconstruction-era demimonde. Enacted just months after the end of the Civil War and surviving in various forms for fifty-two years, a regulatory system governed the sex trade in this, the largest and most cosmopolitan city of the former Confederacy. Postwar regulation made no racial distinctions among women in the trade, and prostitutes’ lives were thus often remarkably similar. Women worked and resided in the same parts of town, even on the same notorious block; faced similarly explosive, dangerous bursts of violence; and exploited the physical intimacy of their work to steal from clients.
In large measure due to their similar legal treatment under regulation, many prostitutes shared W. E. B. Du Bois’s common “economic condition and destiny” across racial lines. Nevertheless, Du Bois uses prostitution in Black Reconstruction as a rhetorical device representing capitalism’s moral corruption, not as a practice affecting real women’s lives. Reading the experiences of three New Orleans prostitutes against the larger racial and economic politics of the period allows us to see how some of the most radical and far-reaching changes of Reconstruction occurred among women living at the law’s edges.
Fast Electrochemical Synthesis of NdNi5 Hydrogen Storage Alloy in Molten Salt
Authors: Ji Hyun Sub , Ryu Hyo Yeol , Jeong Sang Mun , Cho Sung-Wook 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
NdNi5 hydrogen storage alloy was prepared by direct electrochemical reduction of a solid mixture of Nd2O3–NiO (atomic Nd:Ni = 1:5) in molten LiCl. The cathodic reaction path of the mixed oxide was proposed; it was initiated by the reduction of NiO and promoted by NiNd2O4. The NdNi5 alloy with 1600 ppm oxygen content was successfully synthesized with 50% current efficiency within 1 h. The measured hydrogen capacity of NdNi5 exhibited 6.1 hydrogen atoms per alloy formula unit.
Similar Tendency to Strain-Induced Martensite Transformation in Different Austenitic Stainless Steels
Authors: Surkialiabad Roohallah , Hedayati Ali 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The formation of strain-induced martensite in metastable austenitic stainless steels depends on many parameters; the most well known and highly investigated of these is temperature. In this work, we suggest a new relationship between Md30/50, deformation temperature (DT), and martensite content based on data gathered from other studies and our experimental findings. For this purpose we rolled an AISI 304L stainless steel in different strains at 25°C, 0°C, and −15°C; then we characterized the steel via x-ray diffraction and Ferritescope studies to identify different phases and calculate their contents. According to the results, the relationship is as follows: If the delta value (DT − Md30/50) is the same for different austenitic stainless steels, they will form equal amounts of martensite under similar strain conditions. Moreover, both the delta value and the true strain have a strong effect on the formation of martensite.
Changes in Language Services Use by US Pediatricians
Authors: DeCamp Lisa Ross , Kuo Dennis Z. , Flores Glenn , O’Connor Karen , Minkovitz Cynthia S. 
Published: July 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Access to appropriate language services is critical for ensuring patient safety and reducing the impact of language barriers. This study compared language services use by US pediatricians in 2004 and 2010 and examined variation in use in 2010 by pediatrician, practice, and state characteristics.METHODS:We used data from 2 national surveys of pediatricians (2004: n = 698; 2010: n = 683). Analysis was limited to postresidency pediatricians with patients with limited English proficiency (LEP). Pediatricians reported use of ≥1 communication methods with LEP patients: bilingual family member, staff, physician, formal interpreter (professional, telephone), and primary-language written materials. Bivariate analyses examined 2004 to 2010 changes in methods used, and 2010 use by characteristics of pediatricians (age, sex, ethnicity), practices (type, location, patient demographics), and states (LEP population, Latino population growth, Medicaid/Children’s Health Insurance Program language services reimbursement). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine adjusted odds of use of each method.RESULTS:Most pediatricians reported using family members to communicate with LEP patients and families, but there was a decrease from 2004 to 2010 (69.6%, 57.1%, P &lt; .01). A higher percentage of pediatricians reported formal interpreter use (professional and/or telephone) in 2010 (55.8%) than in 2004 (49.7%, P &lt; .05); the increase was primarily attributable to increased telephone interpreter use (28.2%, 37.8%, P &lt; .01). Pediatricians in states with reimbursement had twice the odds of formal interpreter use versus those in nonreimbursing states (odds ratio 2.34; 95% confidence interval 1.24–4.40).CONCLUSIONS:US pediatricians’ use of appropriate language services has only modestly improved since 2004. Expanding language services reimbursement may increase formal interpreter use.
Polycaprolactone/α-Alumina and Hydroxyapatite-based Micro- and Nano- Structured Hybrid Fibers
Authors: Reyes-Lopéz Simón Y. , Alvarado-Tenorio Bonifacio , Romo-Uribe Ángel 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThe micro- and nanostructured phase behavior of non-woven hybrid electrospun fibers of Polycaprolactone (PCL-f), Polycaprolactone/α-Alumina (PCL/AA) and Polycaprolactone/Hydroxyapatite (PCL/HA) were elucidated. Nanoparticles of Hydroxyapatite featured 7-20 nm while α-Alumina was 500 nm in average size. Analysis by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Small-Angle Light Scattering (SALS), Polarized Optical Microscopy (POM) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) enabled us to suggest a simple structural model for the series of hybrid fibers. PCL with a molecular weight of 70,000 g/mol was dissolved in chloroform. POM exhibited qualitative birefringent regions for all samples at the microscale level. Furthermore, polarized light distinguished between amorphous and micro-ordered structures along the fibers. On the other hand, SALS patterns suggested a needle-like morphology for all fibers. The influence of both, Hydroxyapatite and α-Alumina, was apparent in the SALS patterns of the PCL semicrystalline phase. Thermal analysis by DSC showed that the crystalline phase of PCL was disrupted by the presence of the inorganic nanoparticles. TEM micrographs showed that Hydroxyapatite and α-Alumina nanoparticles were embedded along the structure of PCL microfibers.
Superhydrophobicity-Enabled Interfacial Microfluidics on Textile
Authors: Xing Siyuan , Jiang Jia , Pan Tingrui 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTCapillary-driven microfluidics, utilizes the capillary force generated by fibrous hydrophilic materials (e.g., paper and cotton) to drive biological reagents, has been extended to various biological and chemical analyses recently. However, the restricted capillary-driving mechanism persists to be a major challenge for continuous and facilitated biofluidic transport. In this abstract, we have first introduced a new interfacial microfluidic transport principle to automatically and continuously drive three-dimensional liquid flows on a micropatterned superhydrophobic textile (MST). Specifically, the MST platform utilizes the surface tension-induced Laplace pressure to facilitate the liquid motion along the fibers, in addition to the capillary force existing in the fibrous structure. The surface tension-induced pressure can be highly controllable by the sizes of the stitching patterns of hydrophilic yarns and the confined liquid volume. Moreover, the fluidic resistances of various configurations of connecting fibers are quantitatively investigated. Furthermore, a demonstration of the liquid collection ability of MST has been demonstrated on an artificial skin model. The MST can be potentially applied to large volume and continuous biofluidic collection and removal.
A New Species of Ceraspis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae), with a Key to the Colombian Species of the Genus
Authors: Mora-Aguilar Eder F , Delgado Leonardo , Vallejo Fernando 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Ceraspis ajonjoli Mora-Aguilar, Delgado, and Vallejo, new species, from the Central Andes Mountains in Colombia is described and illustrated. Modifications of the Frey's key to species of this genus are provided to include this new species. A new key to separate the species of Ceraspis Lepeletier and Serville from Colombia is presented. The previously unknown male of Ceraspis ruehli Brenske is described and their genitalia are illustrated.
Effect of adhesion boosters on indirect bracket bonding
Authors: Kanashiro Lylian Kazumi , Robles-Ruíz Julissa Janet , Ciamponi Ana Lidia , Medeiros Igor Studart , Dominguez Gladys Cristina , de Fantini Solange Mongelli 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTObjective:To determine the influence of two adhesion boosters on shear bond strength and on the bond failure location of indirectly bonded brackets.Materials and Methods:Sixty bovine incisors were randomly divided into three groups (n  =  20), and their buccal faces were etched using 37% phosphoric acid. In group 1 (control), brackets were indirectly bonded using only Sondhi adhesive. In groups 2 and 3, the adhesion boosters Enhance Adhesion Booster and Assure Universal Bonding Resin, respectively, were applied before bonding with Sondhi. Maximum bond strength was measured with a universal testing machine, and the location of bond failure was evaluated using the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). One-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test (P &lt; .05) was used to compare the shear bond strength among groups, and the differences in ARI scores were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test (P &lt; .05). The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to determine whether there was any correlation between bond strength and ARI scores.Results:The mean shear bond strength in group 3 was significantly higher (P &lt; .01) than in the other groups. Evaluation of the locations of bond failure revealed differences (P &lt; .05) among the three groups. There was a moderate correlation between bond strength and ARI scores within group 3 (r  =  0.5860, P &lt; .01).Conclusion:In vitro shear bond strength was acceptable in all groups. The use of the Assure adhesion booster significantly increased both the shear bond strength of indirectly bonded brackets and the amount of adhesive that remained on the enamel after bracket debonding.
Longitudinal study of cephalometric soft tissue profile traits between the ages of 6 and 18 years
Authors: Bergman Robert T. , Waschak John , Borzabadi-Farahani Ali , Murphy Neal C. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To study the longitudinal changes in 19 soft tissue cephalometric traits (according to the Bergman cephalometric soft tissue facial analysis).

Materials and Methods:
Cephalograms and photographs of 40 subjects (20 male, 20 female, from the Burlington Growth Centre) that were obtained at ages 6, 9, 12, 14, 16, and 18 years were used. Subjects were orthodontically untreated whites and had Class I dentoskeletal relationships (ideal overjet and overbite). Images were obtained with the lips in a relaxed position or lightly touching.

Results:
Three groups of soft tissue traits were identified: (1) traits that increased in size with growth (nasal projection, lower face height, chin projection, chin-throat length, upper and lower lip thickness, upper lip length, and lower lip–chin length); (2) traits that decreased in size with growth (interlabial gap and mandibular sulcus contour [only in females]); and (3) traits that remained relatively constant during growth (facial profile angle, nasolabial angle, lower face percentage, chin-throat/lower face height percentage, lower face–throat angle, upper incisor exposure, maxillary sulcus contour, and upper and lower lip protrusion).

Conclusion:
Current findings identify areas of growth and change in individuals with Class I skeletal and dental relationships with ideal overjet and overbite and should be considered during treatment planning of orthodontic and orthognathic patients.
Sleep Characteristics, Mental Health, and Diabetes Risk
Authors: Boyko Edward J. , Seelig Amber D. , Jacobson Isabel G. , Hooper Tomoko I. , Smith Besa , Smith Tyler C. , Crum-Cianflone Nancy F. ,   for the Millennium Cohort Study Team
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE
Research has suggested that a higher risk of type 2 diabetes associated with sleep characteristics exists. However, studies have not thoroughly assessed the potential confounding effects of mental health conditions associated with alterations in sleep.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We prospectively assessed the association between sleep characteristics and self-reported incident diabetes among Millennium Cohort Study participants prospectively followed over a 6-year time period. Surveys are administered approximately every 3 years and collect self-reported data on demographics, height, weight, lifestyle, features of military service, sleep, clinician-diagnosed diabetes, and mental health conditions assessed by the PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire and the PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version. Statistical methods for longitudinal data were used for data analysis.

RESULTS
We studied 47,093 participants (mean 34.9 years of age; mean BMI 26.0 kg/m2; 25.6% female). During 6 years of follow-up, 871 incident diabetes cases occurred (annual incidence 3.6/1,000 person-years). In univariate analyses, incident diabetes was significantly more likely among participants with self-reported trouble sleeping, sleep duration &lt;6 h, and sleep apnea. Participants reporting incident diabetes were also significantly older, of nonwhite race, of higher BMI, less likely to have been deployed, and more likely to have reported baseline symptoms of panic, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression. After adjusting for covariates, trouble sleeping (odds ratio 1.21 [95% CI 1.03–1.42]) and sleep apnea (1.78 [1.39–2.28]) were significantly and independently related to incident diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS
Trouble sleeping and sleep apnea predict diabetes risk independent of mental health conditions and other diabetes risk factors.
Anwendungspotenzial des WSL-Monoplotting-Tools im Naturgefahrenmanagement
Authors: Conedera Marco , Bozzini Claudio , Scapozza Cristian , Rè Lorenza , Ryter Ueli , Krebs Patrik 
Published: July 2013

Application potential of the WSL monoplotting tool for natural hazard management
Historical or present oblique terrestrial photographs documenting natural disasters are abundant in archives, may be easily shot nowadays, and often depict very informative details. In most cases, however, they can hardly be geo-referenced, what prevents a systematic and technical use of such material for analyzing and documenting the disaster-induced damage traces. The monoplotting software developed by the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Resarch (WSL) in Bellinzona has been conceived to meet these needs and allows georefer-encing and orthorectifying ordinary individual photographs in order to produce georeferenced vector data by drawing them directly on the pictures and exchanging them with traditional GIS-Systems. In the present contribution we report on the results of selected applications of the monoplotting tool showing the suitability of the tool for the geographical processing of historical and present natural events, which are difficult to map in the field.
Ce qu'acheter veut dire
Authors: Bernstein Elizabeth , Wirth Françoise 
Published: July 2013

Si les féministes et d’autres chercheurs se sont interrogés de manière théorique sur l’objet exact de l’achat dans la transaction prostitutionnelle, se demandant si le sexe peut être « un service comme les autres », les réponses à ces questions n’ont guère été cherchées de manière empirique. L’article se fonde sur des observations de terrain et des entretiens avec des clients masculins de travailleuses du sexe et des agents des services publics chargés de la réglementation pour explorer la signification donnée à différents types d’échange sexuel commercial. Arrestation et rééducation de clients, saisie de véhicules, mise en place de lois plus strictes sur la prostitution des mineurs et la possession de pornographie pédophile sont autant de signes des efforts récemment déployés par les pouvoirs publics, aux États-Unis comme en Europe de l’Ouest, pour problématiser la sexualité masculine tandis que se développait une pratique de consommation sexuelle débridée : dans les pays développés, la demande de pornographie, de clubs de strip-tease, de lap-dancing, d’« escorts », de sexe téléphonique et de tourisme sexuel a explosé. Replacer l’échange de sexe tarifé dans le contexte plus large des transformations postindustrielles de la culture et de la sexualité permet de mieux appréhender ce paradoxe.
Lorsque la vie se termine au grand âge
Authors: Quignard Élisabeth 
Published: July 2013

Comment donner sens aux situations de « long mourir » – aussi diverses que complexes – dans une société plus prompte à souligner le coût de la dépendance des plus âgés qu’à valoriser leur expérience ? La législation déjà existante sur la fin de vie apporte différents éléments de réponse : mieux vaudrait œuvrer activement à les faire connaître plutôt que d’introduire un droit à l’euthanasie qui fragiliserait encore la solidarité intergénérationnelle.
Le soignant et la standardisation des pratiques médicales
Authors: Azria Élie 
Published: July 2013

L’ Evidence-based Medicine a été progressivement détournée de son objectif initial – préserver l’autonomie de jugement des médecins face à l’expansion des connaissances scientifiques – au profit d’une « rationalisation » revendiquée des prises en charge médicales, via des protocoles de plus en plus contraignants. Or, si dans la pratique cette standardisation ne supprime pas l’incertitude, elle risque fortement de déshumaniser la relation de soin.