bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonmotor Aspects of Action Concepts
Authors: Leshinskaya Anna , Caramazza Alfonso 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReading an action verb elicits the retrieval of its associated body movements as well as its typical goal—the outcome to which it is directed. Two fMRI experiments are reported in which retrieval of goal attributes was isolated from retrieval of motoric ones by contrasting actions that are either done intentionally (e.g., drink) and thus have associated goal information or by accident (e.g., hiccup). Orthogonally, the actions also varied in their motoricity (e.g., drink vs. imagine). Across both levels of motoricity, goal-directedness influenced the activity of a portion of left posterior inferior parietal lobe (pIPL). These effects were not explicable by the grammatical properties, imageability, or amount of body movement associated with these different types of verbs. In contrast, motoricity (across levels of goal-directedness) activated primarily the left middle temporal gyrus. Furthermore, pIPL was found to be distinct from the portion of left parietal lobe implicated in theory of mind, as localized in the same participants. This is consistent with the observation that pIPL contains many functionally distinct subregions and that some of these support conceptual knowledge. The present findings illustrate that, in particular, the pIPL is involved in representing attributes of intentional actions, likely their typical goals, but not their associated body movements. This result serves to describe an attribute-selective semantic subsystem for at least one type of nonmotor aspect of action knowledge.
A laryngoscopy-based classification system for perioperative abnormal vocal cord movement in thyroid surgery
Authors: Xin Jingwei , Liu Xiaoli , Sun Hui , Li Jingting , Zhang Daqi , Fu Yantao 
Published: June 2014

Objective A retrospective cohort study to develop a classification scheme for abnormal vocal cord movement (AVCM) before and after thyroid surgery. Methods Clinical and laryngoscopic data from patients who underwent partial or total thyroidectomy were analysed. AVCM was classified as mild (type I), moderate (type II) or severe (type III), according to laryngoscopic findings. Results The study included 1619 patients, of whom 39 had preoperative AVCM and 65 had postoperative AVCM. Recovery rates for preoperative, postoperative and total type I AVCM were higher than the corresponding type III AVCM. Recovery rates for total type II AVCM were higher than those for type III AVCM at 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Asymptomatic patients had better recovery rates than symptomatic patients. Conclusion We have developed a useful classification system for patients with AVCM after thyroidectomy. Pre- and postoperative laryngoscopy can identify asymptomatic AVCM and is essential to evaluate the extent of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in these patients.
Cyclic nocturnal awakening: A warning sign of a cluster bout
Authors: Martins Isabel Pavão 
Published: June 2014

Introduction Cluster headache is an excruciating unilateral headache with autonomic symptoms whose periodic nocturnal activity, which interrupts sleep, has been attributed to a hypothalamic generator. Case report We describe a patient with a longstanding episodic cluster headache who experienced, on two occasions, a period of nocturnal awakenings without pain or autonomic symptoms, lasting one week before the onset of a cluster bout. Awakenings occurred twice/night at the same hours of impending cluster attacks and had no apparent trigger, being unusual for this patient who had no previous sleep disturbances. Neurological examination and brain imaging were normal. Discussion This case documents two new aspects of cluster headache. It suggests that repeated nocturnal awakenings can be a warning sign of an impending cluster period, a finding that may have therapeutic implications, and also that hypothalamic activation may begin several days before trigemino-autonomic symptoms, thus behaving as a true bout generator.
Prospective Evaluation of Protocol for Surgical Treatment of Lesser MTP Joint Plantar Plate Tears
Authors: Nery Caio , Coughlin Michael J. , Baumfeld Daniel , Raduan Fernando C. , Mann Tania Szejnfeld , Catena Fernanda 
Published: June 2014

Background: Instability of the lesser metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints is a common cause of deformity and pain. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the surgical outcomes for the different grades of plantar plate tears and propose a treatment protocol. Methods: Sixty-eight patients (100 MTP joints) were prospectively enrolled and graded according to the anatomical grade system for plantar plate tears. Based on this classification, the appropriate surgical procedure was chosen as follows: grades 0 and I, thermal shrinkage with radiofrequency; grades II and III, direct reinsertion of the plantar plate; and grade IV, flexor-to-extensor tendon transfer. All surgical procedures were associated with a Weil metatarsal osteotomy. Evaluations were performed before and after surgical treatment with a mean follow-up of 2 years (12-36 months), using clinical and radiological parameters: American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Lesser MTP-IF Scale, visual analog scale (VAS), ground touch, joint stability, and toe purchase. Results: The analysis of the clinical parameters demonstrated a significant improvement of all groups ( P < .0001) after surgical treatment, but grade IV had less VAS improvement and a fair AOFAS average score (72 points). All groups improved regarding physical examination parameters, but grade I, III, and IV tears had proportionally less stable MTP joints following surgery, as well as a lower proportion of normal postoperative toe purchase and ground touch. All groups showed a significant improvement regarding radiographic parameters. Conclusion: All groups of operatively treated patients had significant improvement with regard to subjective and objective parameters. Grades I, III, and IV presented inferior results compared with grades 0 and II. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series
Role of MRI in Detection of Morton’s Neuroma
Authors: Claassen Leif , Bock Kilian , Ettinger Max , Waizy Hazibullah , Stukenborg-Colsman Christina , Plaass Christian 
Published: June 2014

Background: Distinguishing between patients with a true Morton’s neuroma and other forefoot pathology can be difficult. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) when compared to clinical examination for Morton’s neuroma. Methods: We retrospectively identified 71 patients who underwent operative treatment due to the diagnosis of Morton’s neuroma between 2007 and 2013. All patients had a MRI preoperative. Our study group comprised 58 female and 13 male patients with a mean age of 57 (range, 38-92) years. We compared the results of preoperative MRI and the patient’s clinical assessment with postoperative histopathological results. Results: Typical clinical signs were found in 65 cases. Most common symptoms were plantar pain (92%) and increased pain on walking (89%). A Morton’s neuroma was detected on MRI in 59 of 71 cases. Its sensitivity was 0.84 and its specificity was 0.33. The positive and negative predictive values were 0.97 and 0.08, respectively. For the presence of main clinical symptoms we found a sensitivity of 0.94 and a specificity of 0.33. The positive predictive value was 0.97 and the negative predictive value was 0.20. Conclusion: MRI under routine conditions had a good detection rate for the evaluation of Morton’s neuroma. However, its accuracy was not as high as the accuracy of clinical assessment. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective series.
Effects of Hemoglobin Variants on Hemoglobin A1c Values Measured Using a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method
Authors: Lorenzo-Medina Mercedes , De-La-Iglesia Silvia , Ropero Paloma , Nogueira-Salgueiro Patricia , Santana-Benitez Jesus 
Published: June 2014

Background: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is routinely used to monitor long-term glycemic control and for diagnosing diabetes mellitus. However, hemoglobin (Hb) gene variants/modifications can affect the accuracy of some methods. The potential effect of Hb variants on HbA1c measurements was investigated using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method compared with an immunoturbimetric assay. Methods: Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c levels were measured in 42 371 blood samples. Samples producing abnormal chromatograms were further analyzed to characterize any Hb variants. Fructosamine levels were determined in place of HbA1c levels when unstable Hb variants were identified. Results: Abnormal HPLC chromatograms were obtained for 160 of 42 371 samples. In 26 samples HbS was identified and HbA1c results correlated with FPG. In the remaining 134 samples HbD, Hb Louisville, Hb Las Palmas, Hb N-Baltimore, or Hb Porto Alegre were identified and HbA1c did not correlate with FPG. These samples were retested using an immunoturbidimetric assay and the majority of results were accurate; only 3 (with the unstable Hb Louisville trait) gave aberrant HbA1c results. Conclusions: Hb variants can affect determination of HbA1c levels with some methods. Laboratories should be aware of Hb variants occurring locally and choose an appropriate HbA1c testing method.
Trends in survival of patients with primary plasma cell leukemia: a population-based analysis
Authors: Gonsalves Wilson I. , Rajkumar S. Vincent , Go Ronald S. , Dispenzieri Angela , Gupta Vinay , Singh Preet P. , Buadi Francis K. , Lacy Martha Q. , Kapoor Prashant , Dingli David , Lust John A. , Zeldenrust Steven R. , Hayman Suzanne R. , Kyle Robert A. , Gertz Morie A. , Kumar Shaji K. 
Published: June 2014

Key Points
Survival of patients with primary plasma cell leukemia has improved in recent years, but is still inferior to those patients with multiple myeloma. This survival benefit appears to be mainly in patients older than 65 years of age.
The endothelial protein C receptor enhances hemostasis of FVIIa administration in hemophilic mice in vivo
Authors: Pavani Giulia , Ivanciu Lacramioara , Faella Armida , Marcos-Contreras Oscar A. , Margaritis Paris 
Published: June 2014

Key Points
The binding of administered FVIIa to endogenous EPCR enhances its ability to bypass FVIII or FIX deficiency in vivo. EPCR modulation of function of pharmacologic FVIIa administration may be exploited in protein or gene-based FVIIa therapeutics.
Postthrombotic syndrome following upper extremity deep vein thrombosis in children
Authors: Avila Maria L. , Duan Lucy , Cipolla Amanda , Kim Ashley , Kahr Walter H. A. , Williams Suzan , Brandão Leonardo R. 
Published: June 2014

Key Points
Upper limb PTS in children depends on DVT pathogenesis (primary vs secondary) and on the age of the patient (neonates vs non-neonates). DVT pathogenesis and thrombus resolution are independent predictors of upper limb PTS in children.
Management of oropharyngeal cancer: A cross-sectional review of institutional practice at a large Canadian referral centre
Authors: Wilson Lindsay , Enepekides Danny , Higgins Kevin 
Published: June 2014

Background Over the years, the treatment of oropharyngeal cancer has changed; in the past, first-line treatment consisted of surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, today however, primary treatment typically involves concomitant chemoradiation, and reserves surgery for salvage. While chemoradiation is the modality of choice for primary management of oropharyngeal cancer, disease characteristics, institutional bias, and patient preferences influence treatment choice. This has lead to variation in the treatment of OPC, and has generated some uncertainly regarding the ideal therapeutic approach. The objective of this study was to describe the treatment of OPC a large Canadian referral center, highlighting trends in treatment choice and outcome. Methods This is a cross-sectional retrospective review of clinical practice at Sunnybrook Health Science Centre (Toronto, ON). This investigation documents type of first-line treatment, rates of treatment failure, rates of surgical salvage, and 5-year disease-free survival. This study also asses the therapeutic impact of free-flap reconstruction on the use of a postoperative tracheostomy and/or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube. Results The majority of oropharyngeal cancer patients presented with regionally metastatic disease (stage III-IV) and underwent concomitant chemoradiation as first-line treatment. Just over half of patients who failed chemoradiation were eligible for salvage surgery. Forty-six percent of salvage patients recurred at approximately 6 months, and died approximately 12 months following the first sign of disease recurrence. Five-year survival for salvage patients stage II, III, IVA, and IVB was 100%, 54.5%, 53.8%, and 50%, respectively. The incidence of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes and tracheostomies was comparable between patients who underwent free-flap reconstruction and patients who did not. Conclusion The modality of choice for first-line treatment of oropharyngeal cancer is concomitant chemoradiation. The moderate failure rate following chemoradiation and the modest survival rate following salvage surgery could indicate that selected patients may benefit from undergoing surgery as first-line treatment. While this study did not show that functional outcomes were better for free-flap patients, it is highly likely that those who received a free-flap did better then they would have had they not undergone reconstructive surgery. More research regarding the therapeutic effects of free-flaps in OPC survivors is needed.
Quality modeling of drinking groundwater using GIS in rural communities, northwest of Iran
Authors: Mosaferi Mohammad , Pourakbar Mojtaba , Shakerkhatibi Mohammad , Fatehifar Esmaeil , Belvasi Mehdi 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Given the importance of groundwater resources in water supply, this work aimed to study quality of drinking groundwater in rural areas in Tabriz county, northwest of Iran. Thirty two groundwater samples from different areas were collected and analyzed in terms of general parameters along with 20 heavy metals (e.g. As, Hg and …). The data of the analyses were applied as an attribute database for preparing thematic maps and showing water quality parameters. Multivariate statistical techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (CA) were used to compare and evaluate water quality. The findings showed that hydrochemical faces of the groundwater were of calcium-bicarbonate type. EC values were from 110 to 1750 μs/cm, in which concentration of salts was high in the east and a zone in north of the studied area. Hardness was from 52 to 476 mg/l and CaCO3 with average value of 185.88 ± 106.56 mg/L indicated hard water. Dominant cations and anions were Ca2+ > Na+ > Mg2+ > K+ and HCO3
− > Cl− > SO4
2− > NO3
2, respectively. In the western areas, arsenic contamination was observed as high as 69 μg/L. Moreover, mercury was above the standard level in one of the villages. Eskandar and Olakandi villages had the lowest quality of drinking water. In terms of CA, sampling sites were classified into four clusters of similar water quality and PCA demonstrated that 3 components could cover 84.3% of the parameters. For investigating arsenic anomaly, conducting a comprehensive study in the western part of studied area is strongly recommended.
A big data methodology for categorising technical support requests using Hadoop and Mahout
Authors: Duque Barrachina Arantxa , O’Driscoll Aisling 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Technical Support call centres frequently receive several thousand customer queries on a daily basis. Traditionally, such organisations discard data related to customer enquiries within a relatively short period of time due to limited storage capacity. However, in recent years, the value of retaining and analysing this information has become clear, enabling call centres to identify customer patterns, improve first call resolution and maximise daily closure rates. This paper proposes a Proof of Concept (PoC) end to end solution that utilises the Hadoop programming model, extended ecosystem and the Mahout Big Data Analytics library for categorising similar support calls for large technical support data sets. The proposed solution is evaluated on a VMware technical support dataset.
Validating a Web-based Diabetes Education Program in continuing nursing education: knowledge and competency change and user perceptions on usability and quality
Authors: Moattari Marzieh , Moosavinasab Elham , Dabbaghmanesh Mohammad Hossein , ZarifSanaiey Nahid 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Background
Nurses as the members of health care professionals need to improve their knowledge and competencies particularly in diabetes mellitus through continuing nursing education programs. E-learning is an indirect method of training that can meet nurses’ educational needs. This study is aimed at validating a web-based diabetes education program through measurement of nurses’ knowledge and clinical competency in diabetes and nurses’ perception about its usability and quality.

Methods
This Quasi-experimental research was conducted on a single group of 31 nurses employed in hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. We used a 125 MCQ knowledge test and Objective Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE) to measure knowledge and clinical competency of nurses in diabetes before and after intervention. A Learning Management System (LMS) was designed to provide educational content in the form of 12 multimedia electronic modules, interactive tests; a forum and learning activities. Nurses were trained for two months in this system after which the post-test was administered. Each nurse completed two questionnaires for measurement of their perceptions on usability and quality. We used descriptive statistics for demographic and descriptive data analysis. Paired t-test was used to compare pre- and post-data using SPSS.

Results
The findings showed significant differences in knowledge scores (p < 0.001), total score of clinical competencies (p < 0.001), and all ten assessed clinical competencies. The range of ratings given by participants varied on the six usability variables of Web-based training (2.96-4.23 from 5) and eight quality variables of Web-based training (3.58-4.37 from 5).

Conclusion
Web-based education increased nurses’ knowledge and competencies in diabetes. They positively evaluated Web-based learning usability and quality. It is hoped that this course will have a positive clinical outcomes.
Effectiveness of moxibustion treatment as adjunctive therapy in osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Zhao Ling , Cheng Ke , Wang Lizhen , Wu Fan , Deng Haiping , Tan Ming , Lao Lixing , Shen Xueyong 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Our objective was to compare the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese moxibustion to that of sham moxibustion in patients with chronic knee osteoarthritis (KOA) pain.

Methods
We conducted a randomized placebo-controlled trial involving 110 patients with KOA who met the inclusion criteria. These patients randomly received either active moxibustion (n = 55) or sham moxibustion control (n = 55) at acupoints Dubi (ST 35), extra-point Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), and an Ashi (tender) point three times a week for 6 weeks. Effects were evaluated with Western Ontario and McMaster Universities’ Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC VA 3.1) criteria at the end of the course of treatment and 3, 12, and 24 weeks after the initial treatment.

Results
The WOMAC pain scores showed greater improvement in the active treatment group than in control at weeks 3 (P = 0.012), 6 (P <0.001), 12 (P = 0.002), and 24 (P = 0.002) as did WOMAC physical function scores of the active treatment group at week 3 (P = 0.002), 6 (P = 0.015), and 12 (P <0.001) but not 24 (P = 0.058). Patients and practitioners were blinded successfully, and no significant adverse effects were found during the trial.

Conclusions
A 6-week course of moxibustion seems to relieve pain effectively and improve function in patients with KOA for up to 18 weeks after the end of treatment. Moxibustion treatment appears to be safe, and the usefulness of the novel moxa device was validated.

Trial registration
Current controlled trial: ISRCTN68475405. Registered 4 April 2014.
Paleokarstic macroporosity development at platform margins: Lessons from the Paleocene of north Spain
Authors: Wright V. Paul , Baceta Juan Ignacio , Lapointe Philippe A. 
Published: June 2014

Platform margins have been targets for carbonate exploration because they are commonly seismically resolvable and reservoir prone for several critical reasons including karstic porosity. Platform margin karst models, mainly based on the Quaternary of the Caribbean (tropical humid, including “flank margin caves”) are well documented, but analogs remain rarely identified in the stratigraphic record. Analysis of a remarkably well-exposed macroporosity paleokarst system from the Paleocene of north Spain, formed under an arid to semiarid climate, provided a model that differs from the Caribbean template. Implications for exploration and appraisal strategies, include provisos regarding (1) how early fracture intensity can be estimated at platform margins, (2) the absence of flank margin caves at the margin, (3) the absence of karstic features at or immediately below the main lowstand surface, (4) the presence of cave-free corridors such that the porosity zones could be missed completely, and (5) the stratigraphic inheritance of caves into successive levels adjacent to the cave-free zones. Quantitative data were evaluated on the main macroporous intervals. We also compared this model with other paleokarst models in the literature to emphasize the diversity of approaches that can be used to evaluate paleokarst targets: “one size does not fit all.”
An evolutionarily significant unicellular strategy in response to starvation stress in Dictyostelium social amoebae
Authors: Dubravcic Darja , van Baalen Minus , Nizak Clément 
Published: June 2014

The social amoebaDictyostelium discoideumis widely studied for its multicellular development program as a response to starvation and constitutes a model of choice in microbial cooperation studies. Aggregates of up to 106cells form fruiting bodies containing two cell types: (i) dormant spores (~80%) that can persist for months in the absence of nutrients, and (ii) dead stalk cells (~20%) that promote the dispersion of the spores towards nutrient-rich areas.It is often overlooked that not all cells aggregate upon starvation. Using a new quantitative approach based on time-lapse fluorescence microscopy and a low ratio of reporting cells, we have quantified this fraction of non-aggregating cells. In realistic starvation conditions, up to 15% of cells do not aggregate, which makes this third cell fate a significant component of the population-level response of social amoebae to starvation. Non-aggregating cells have an advantage over cells in aggregates since they resume growth earlier upon arrival of new nutrients, but have a shorter lifespan under prolonged starvation. We find that phenotypic heterogeneities linked to cell nutritional state bias the representation of cells in the aggregating vs. non-aggregating fractions, and thus regulate population partitioning. Next, we report that the fraction of non-aggregating cells depends on genetic factors that regulate the timing of starvation, signal sensing efficiency and aggregation efficiency. In addition, interactions between clones in mixtures of non-isogenic cells affect the partitioning of each clone into both fractions. We further test the evolutionary significance of the non-aggregating cell fraction. The partitioning of cells into aggregating and non-aggregating fractions is optimal in fluctuating environments with an unpredictable duration of starvation periods.D. discoideumthus constitutes a model system lying at the intersection of microbial cooperation and bet hedging, defining a new frontier in microbiology and evolution studies