bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Vilification of the Hyksos: A Consideration of the Terminology
Authors: Peirce Laura 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates how the Hyksos’ notoriety was forged in seventeen ancient textual sources, considering the origins of the vilification of the Hyksos, the development of the vocabulary associated with these foreign rulers, and how the Thebans or Egyptians perceived themselves in direct contrast with the Hyksos. The study reveals that the negative terminology used in the textual sources to refer to the Hyksos is gradual and suggests that the growing hostility between Upper and Lower Egypt resulted in a shift in discourse to justify the conflict between the two kingdoms together with the establishment of a warrior ethos. Ultimately, this research highlights the pivotal role of the Theban (Egyptian) sources in shaping the legacy of the Hyksos that became a key “cultural memory” to articulate and affirm ancient Egyptian cultural identity in the New Kingdom.
Resurgent Coup d’États, Democratic Reversals, and Geopolitical Shifts in Africa
Authors: Aning Kwesi , Axelrod Ila 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Transitions between “military” and “democratic” rule significantly impact the political stability of African states and challenge the legitimacy of “global governance” mechanisms promoted by regional and international organizations. Development and growth theories have long explored the durable implications of military coups d’état for social, political, and economic outcomes in Africa. An emerging body of critical scholarship has examined the resurgent coups d’état in Africa and their implications for the continent’s geopolitics. Concerned with the historical shortcomings of the imposition of global governance mechanisms onto African states, this article raises several questions about the tenets of global governance; the extent to which systems conceptually and empirically limited to particular temporal, spatial, and historical junctures “become global”; and how the strains and stresses that the African Union and the Economic Community of West African States continue to grapple with constitute a drive toward a new governance system that is reconfiguring geopolitical alliances.
Sources of Economic Growth in African and East Asian Countries: A Panel Causality Analysis
Authors: Zelalem Asmare Tigist , Nuru Seid , Emako Ezo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the sources of growth in selected African and East Asian countries, using the growth accounting framework on data from 1960 to 2016. We demonstrate the causal association between labour quantity, total capital service (tks), total factor productivity (tfp) and economic growth. The lower growth in gdp during the 1980s and 1990s in Africa matches with the slower growth in tks. The tfp growth does not explain the economic growth difference among countries; it contributed negatively to gdp growth in the two regions until the 2000s. However, in African countries, its positive contribution during the 2000s returned to negative in the 2010s, while Asian countries continued driving a positive contribution up to 28.9% as a result of tfp growth. In all East Asian countries, tks contributed more than half of their growth in gdp, which makes their growth capital-driven, while African countries’ growth in gdp was more dependent on labour quantity growth. In Africa, we discovered bidirectional causality between labour quantity and gdp and between tks and gdp, as well as unidirectional causality running from gdp to tfp. In East Asia, we found only a one-way causality running from gdp to tks and to tfp. Policymakers in Africa should adopt policies aimed at increasing capital accumulation and efficient allocation of economic resources in order to sustain growth acceleration.
Relationships between physical activities performed under free-living conditions and non-motor symptoms in people with Parkinson's: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Still Amanda , Hale Leigh , Alam Sarfaraz , Morris Meg E. , Jayakaran Prasath 
Published: August 2024

Background Physical activities performed under free-living conditions that are unsupervised in the home or community have the potential to modulate non-motor symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease. Objective This systematic review investigates the relationships between physical activities performed in free-living conditions and non-motor symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease: cognition, anxiety, apathy, depression, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and pain. Data sources A database search was performed on Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid (PsycINFO), CINAHL, PubMed, and ProQuest (Health and Medicine). Review methods Observational studies published from 2000 to 2024 that examined the relationships between physical activity and non-motor symptoms were included. The methodological quality of reports was evaluated using critical appraisal checklists appropriate to the study design. Where appropriate, a meta-analysis was conducted to combine data from the included articles. Results A total of 14 articles met the criteria and used various tools to evaluate non-motor symptoms and physical activity. Meta-analyses showed that people with Parkinson's who are more physically active have better global cognition [ β ranged from 0.12 to 0.28; p = 0.00–0.02] and less affective disorders [ β -0.20, p = 0.00]. Increased physical activity levels were also associated with better sleep quality ( n = 1) and less chronic pain ( n = 1). The overall methodological quality of the included articles was considered high. Conclusion Engagement in increased levels of physical activities performed under free-living conditions is associated with better cognition and less anxiety, apathy, and depression in people with Parkinson's disease.
Vancomycin Soaking to Reduce Intraoperative Contamination by Cutibacterium acnes During the Latarjet Procedure
Authors: Barret Hugo , Grare Marion , Dalmas Yoann , Girard Mathieu , Mansat Pierre , Bonnevialle Nicolas 
Published: August 2024

Background: Postoperative infection after the Latarjet procedure, ranging from 1% to 6%, can compromise the functional outcome of young athletes. Cutibacterium acnes is a main pathogen as a consequence of an intraoperative contamination. Purpose: To evaluate intraoperative contamination with C. acnes and the effectiveness of the local application of vancomycin during the Latarjet procedure. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: This was a single-center study including 75 patients (mean age, 26 years; range, 15-55 years) operated on for anterior shoulder instability with the primary open Latarjet procedure; they underwent the same protocol of skin preparation and preoperative prophylactic antibiotics. Three groups of 25 patients were created and divided sequentially, without the results of each group being known before the end of the study: group A (5 mg/mL of vancomycin), group B (20 mg/mL of vancomycin), and group C (control group with no vancomycin). Swab samples of the coracoid were taken before sectioning the coracoid process (time 1) and after its preparation (time 2). The coracoid was then wrapped in gauze impregnated with different concentrations of vancomycin, except for group C. A final sample (time 3) was taken before screwing the bone block onto the glenoid. All samples were cultured for 21 days, and patients underwent clinical and radiological follow-up for 6 months. Results: The C. acnes contamination rates at times 1, 2, and 3 were 25%, 44%, and 45%, respectively, without significant difference. There was no significant difference between groups A and B with respect to the number of positive cultures at each time point. Of 9 positive cultures at time 1, all were still positive at time 3 in group A, whereas 3 of 5 were negative in group B ( P = .027). The rate of C. acnes at time 3 in the control group was higher than that in the 2 other groups (68% vs 44% for group A and 20% for group B; P = .003). Body mass index was the only prognostic factor for a C. acnes–positive culture (26.05 ± 3.39 vs 23.34 ± 2.33; P = .018). No clinical infection was reported at the 6-month postoperative follow-up. Conclusion: The rate of C. acnes contamination ranged from 25% to 68% during the open Latarjet procedure in young athletes. Vancomycin reduced the bacterial contamination when it was used at high concentrations in a gauze wrap on the coracoid. The type of C. acnes detected and its clinical implications remain to be studied.
COVID-19 guidelines and media influenced ethical care in nursing homes
Authors: Wachtler Caroline , Bergqvist Monica , Bastholm-Rahmner Pia , Gustafsson Lars L , Schmidt-Mende Katharina 
Published: August 2024

Background The early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic affected nursing homes and their residents heavily. Guidelines on how to mitigate the virus’s spread and ensuring safe healthcare delivery were continually evolving. Concurrently, nursing homes faced intense media scrutiny. This challenging environment severely impacted registered nurses and physicians employed within these facilities. Aim To understand the ethical challenges experienced by registered nurses and physicians working in nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research design Qualitative descriptive research using thematic analysis. Participants and research context Individual online interviews with four registered nurses and eight physicians clinically active at nursing homes in Sweden. Ethical considerations The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority. All participants provided written consent. Results Registered nurses and physicians working in nursing homes perceived ethical challenges stemming from early COVID-19 pandemic guidelines and media coverage. The main theme generated was ‘Struggling to maintain professional and ethical standards under pressure’ incorporating two subthemes: ‘Guidelines developed without the profession put pressure on staff’ and ‘Media’s biased reporting was perceived as unethical and undermined care’. Guidelines from the authorities were considered as developed without professional involvement. It made them difficult to adhere to without deviating from professional and ethical compasses. Media coverage adversely influenced relatives’ perceptions, resulting in mistrust towards physicians’ and registered nurses’ in delivering optimal care for the residents. Conclusions Resilient care in nursing homes necessitates the collaborative development of guidelines involving registered nurses and physicians, particularly amidst crises. Moreover, it is vital to provide support to registered nurses navigating ethical dilemmas, especially during pandemics. Guidelines and principles for care during a crisis should be development with professional involvement, be transparent, and be available to the public, to promote neutral media coverage. Future research is crucial to enhance ethical standards and tackle challenges in this context.
Factors Affecting the Quality of Nursing Care in an Oncology Setting—A Literature Review
Authors: Putty Devina , Gungaphul Mridula , Kassean Hemant 
Published: August 2024

The provision of high-quality, holistic nursing care in oncology settings is influenced by numerous factors. This literature review explores the critical factors impacting the quality of nursing care in oncology, drawing from a wide range of scholarly sources. Key factors identified include the role of the nurse in an oncology setting, nurse education and training, emotional care, informational support and palliative care for those at the end stage of life, all of which affect the delivery of personalised care and patient safety. Additionally, ongoing education and training for nurses in the dynamic landscape of oncology treatments and symptom management emerge as crucial components. The review highlights the significance of nurse experience and expertise in oncology care, emphasising the pivotal role of specialisation in this field in order to achieve optimal patient outcomes. Furthermore, this review scrutinises the impact of culture, leadership, job stress, support services for patients and families, effective interdisciplinary communication and the physical environment of the oncology unit on nursing care quality. The exploration also encompasses the utilisation of evidence-based practice in care provision. By synthesising these factors, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of the complex dynamics affecting nursing care quality in oncology settings, offering valuable insights for healthcare leaders, educators and practitioners to enhance care delivery and optimise patient experiences.
The Management of Bronchial Asthma (Tamak Shwasa) through Panchakarma Procedure with Ishvaku (Lagenariasiceraria) Vamana: A Case Report
Authors: Parwe Shweta , Nisargandha Milind , Wanjari Anita , Nakade Mamata 
Published: August 2024

Background Bronchial asthma, a hypersensitivity illness, is rising quickly in the modern world, particularly in wealthy nations. However, according to clinical features, bronchial asthma and Ayurvedic Tamaka Shwasa are similar diseases. Asthma is incurable, according to traditional medical knowledge. Both patients and doctors are looking at complementary and alternative systems of medicine as options because current prescriptions do not offer adequate treatment for terminal and long-term cures. Ayurvedic medicine has the potential to be a viable and efficient treatment option for bronchial asthma. Vaman karma is helpful for treatment globally so that people worldwide can keep faith in it based on scientific evidence. The first line of treatment for Tamakshwasa’s Utkleshita vastha is Vamana. To determine Vamana Karma’s involvement in Tamak shwas, a season it connected to Tamak shwasa has been searched for and attempted to be established in this case study. Purpose This study aimed to assess the efficacy of Ayurvedic management, including specific Ishwaku vaman karma, in Tamaka Shwasa. Materials and Methods A single case study of a 21-year-old man diagnosed with bronchial asthma. He was presented with frequent allergy due to dust, had an onset of sneezing due to cold weather, had a complaint of cold and cough on and off since childhood, and had a history of pneumonia in childhood. Observation and Outcome A 9-day symptomatic patient assessment was completed. The patient’s overall quality of life was greatly enhanced, and the outcome was satisfactory. In conclusion, the above-mentioned regimen significantly improved the management of bronchial asthma.
Preparation and properties of thermal insulation felts for firefighting protective clothing
Authors: Zheng Zhenrong , Ren Lingli , Wang Hongyang 
Published: August 2024

In this paper, preoxidized fibers, flame-retardant acrylic fibers and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fibers were chosen to prepare thermal insulation felts by the spunlaced process. The preparation of thermal insulation felts by single-component fibers, bicomponent fibers and multi-component fibers was studied. The breaking strength of the single fibers, flame retardancy, thermal conductivity, air permeability, thermal stability, shrinkage rate after washing, and the breaking strength of the thermal insulation felts were characterized. The results show that, for the single-component felts, preoxidized fiber felt had a longitudinal char length of only 35 mm, which was less than that of flame-retardant acrylic fiber felts and PPS felts. However, its longitudinal breaking strength was only 39.8 N. The bicomponent thermal insulation felt, blended with flame-retardant acrylic fibers and preoxidized fibers, had a higher breaking strength than the single-component felt, but it had char lengths greater than 100 mm after the vertical burning test. When the ratio of the multi-component insulation felts (preoxidized fibers, PPS fibers and flame-retardant acrylic fibers) was 35:60:5, the felt’s longitudinal char length measured 23 mm, which was less than that of the aramid felt 72 mm. This felt’s thermal conductivity was 0.0515 W/mK. It had an air permeability of 1995 mm/s, and the longitudinal dimensional shrinkage rate following the thermal stability test was only 1.1%. Multi-component thermal insulation felts are very important for the development of high-performance firefighting protective clothing.
Disability Moderates Dual Task Walking Performance and Neural Efficiency in Older Adults With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Hernandez Manuel E. , Motl Robert W. , Foley Frederick W. , Picone Mary Ann , Izzetoglu Meltem , Lipton Michael L. , Wagshul Mark , Holtzer Roee 
Published: August 2024

Background Mobility and cognitive impairment are prevalent and co-occurring in older adults with multiple sclerosis (OAMS), yet there is limited research concerning the role of disability status in the cognitive control of gait among OAMS. Objective We investigated the levels of prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation, using oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2), during cognitively-demanding tasks in OAMS with lower and higher disability using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to: (1) identify PFC activation differences in single task walk and cognitively-demanding tasks in OAMS with different levels of disability; and (2) evaluate if disability may moderate practice-related changes in neural efficiency in OAMS. Methods We gathered data from OAMS with lower (n = 51, age = 65 ± 4 years) or higher disability (n = 48, age = 65 ± 5 years), using a cutoff of 3 or more, in the Patient Determined Disease Steps, for higher disability, under 3 different conditions (single-task walk, Single-Task-Alpha, and Dual-Task-Walk [DTW]) administered over 3 counterbalanced, repeated trials. Results OAMS who had a lower disability level exhibited decreased PFC activation levels during Single-Task-Walk (STW) and larger increases in PFC activation levels, when going from STW to a cognitively-demanding task, such as a DTW, than those with higher disability. OAMS with a lower disability level exhibited greater declines in PFC activation levels with additional within session practice than those with a higher disability level. Conclusions These findings suggest that disability moderates brain adaptability to cognitively-demanding tasks and demonstrate the potential for fNIRS-derived outcome measures to complement neurorehabilitation outcomes.
TIANA: transcription factors cooperativity inference analysis with neural attention
Authors: Li Rick Z. , Han Claudia Z. , Glass Christopher K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Growing evidence suggests that distal regulatory elements are essential for cellular function and states. The sequences within these distal elements, especially motifs for transcription factor binding, provide critical information about the underlying regulatory programs. However, cooperativities between transcription factors that recognize these motifs are nonlinear and multiplexed, rendering traditional modeling methods insufficient to capture the underlying mechanisms. Recent development of attention mechanism, which exhibit superior performance in capturing dependencies across input sequences, makes them well-suited to uncover and decipher intricate dependencies between regulatory elements.

Result
We present Transcription factors cooperativity Inference Analysis with Neural Attention (TIANA), a deep learning framework that focuses on interpretability. In this study, we demonstrated that TIANA could discover biologically relevant insights into co-occurring pairs of transcription factor motifs. Compared with existing tools, TIANA showed superior interpretability and robust performance in identifying putative transcription factor cooperativities from co-occurring motifs.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that TIANA can be an effective tool to decipher transcription factor cooperativities from distal sequence data. TIANA can be accessed through: https://github.com/rzzli/TIANA.
Housing status is protective of neuropsychiatric symptoms among dementia-free multi-ethnic Asian elderly
Authors: Zhang Haoran , Wang Yuwei , Zhang Yaping , Hilal Saima , Cheng Ching-Yu , Wong Tien Yin , Chen Christopher , Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy , Xu Xin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Housing has been associated with dementia risk and disability, but associations of housing with differential patterns of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) among dementia-free older adults remain to be explored. The present study sought to explore the contribution of housing status on NPS and subsyndromes associated with cognitive dysfunction in community-dwelling dementia-free elderly in Singapore.

Methods
A total of 839 dementia-free elderly from the Epidemiology of Dementia in Singapore (EDIS) study aged ≥ 60 were enrolled in the current study. All participants underwent clinical, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) assessments. The housing status was divided into three categories according to housing type. Cognitive function was measured by a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. The NPS were assessed using 12-term NPI and were grouped into four clinical subsyndromes: psychosis, hyperactivity, affective, and apathy. Associations of housing with composite and domain-specific Z-scores, as well as NPI scores, were assessed using generalized linear models (GLM). Binary logistic regression models analysed the association of housing with the presence of NPS and significant NPS (NPI total scores ≥ 4).

Results
Better housing status (5-room executive apartments, condominium, or private housing) was associated with better NPS (OR = 0.49, 95%CI = 0.24 to 0.98, P < 0.05) and significant NPS profile (OR = 0.20, 95%CI = 0.08 to 0.46, P < 0.01), after controlling for demographics, risk factors, and cognitive performance. Compared with those living in 1–2 room apartments, older adults in better housing had lower total NPI scores (β=-0.50, 95%CI=-0.95 to -0.04, P = 0.032) and lower psychosis scores (β=-0.36, 95%CI=-0.66 to -0.05, P = 0.025), after controlling for socioeconomic status (SES) indexes. Subgroup analysis indicated a significant correlation between housing type and NPS in females, those of Malay ethnicity, the more educated, those with lower income, and those diagnosed with cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND).

Conclusions
Our study showed a protective effect of better housing arrangements on NPS, especially psychosis in a multi-ethnic Asian geriatric population without dementia. The protective effect of housing on NPS was independent of SES and might have other pathogenic mechanisms. Improving housing could be an effective way to prevent neuropsychiatric disturbance among the elderly.