bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel clipping procedure for preventing post‐operative inguinal hernia in robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Hakozaki Yuji , Yamada Yuta , Fujimura Tetsuya , Kimura Naoki , Sasaki Kenichi , Maki Kazuki , Sugimoto Kazuma , Izumi Taro , Kaneko Jun , Urabe Fumihiko , Tokunaga Mayuko , Fujii Yoichi , Kamei Jun , Kawai Taketo , Taguchi Satoru , Akiyama Yoshiyuki , Yamada Daisuke , Kume Haruki 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesInguinal hernia (IH) is a common postoperative complication after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). We developed a novel clipping technique for the prevention of IH developing after RARP.MethodsThis cohort included 759 consecutive patients who underwent RARP for prostate cancer at the University of Tokyo Hospital between January 2011 and December 2018. We reviewed clinical parameters and identified the risk factors of postoperative IH. The prophylactic preventive procedure of IH development was performed by clipping the peritoneum and underlying tissue around the internal inguinal ring using Hem‐o‐Lok clip to prevent the prolapse of the intestine through the internal inguinal ring.ResultsIn total, 236 patients received the clipping procedure. The median follow‐up time was 50 months. The incidence rate of IH was 10.8% (78/720). The median time to the diagnosis of IH was 10 months. Univariate analysis revealed that patients with higher age (age ≥ 63), low BMI (BMI < 25 kg/m2), and lower number of surgical experiences (Surgical experience < 40) showed a significantly higher odds ratio of developing IH. Multivariate analysis showed that “BMI < 25 kg/m2” and “Surgical experience < 40” were independent predictive factors of IH. Among the patients with a high risk of IH due to receiving surgery from inexperienced surgeons, there was a statistically significant preventive effect for the patients with “BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2” by the novel clipping procedure.ConclusionsThe novel clipping procedure reduced the risk of post‐operative IH in obese patients when the RARP was performed by inexperienced surgeons.
Modifying the high‐temperature dielectric properties of PLZT antiferroelectric ceramics by donor‒acceptor codoping
Authors: Li Linhai , Zhou Yongxin , Chen Xuefeng , Wang Genshui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract(Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 antiferroelectric (AFE) ceramics have attracted considerable interest due to their high‐energy storage density and numerous field‐induced phase transitions. However, the positional equilibrium of the A‐site and B‐site is typically maintained without considering that heterovalent doping of La3+ can induce defects within the material, leading to high‐temperature leakage conduction. In this work, we introduced the acceptor ion Na+ at the A‐site simultaneously and designed Pb0.9175–0.5xLa0.055NaxZr0.975Ti0.025O3 (x = 0.01, 0.03, 0.055, 0.07, 0.10) AFE ceramics. The dielectric properties of these ceramics exhibited a consistent pattern of improvement followed by deterioration as the content of Na+ increased. Notably, when x = 0.055 (Na5.5), the AFE ceramic demonstrated superior high‐temperature frequency stability with negligible leakage conduction. Impedance spectroscopy analysis suggested that Na5.5 displays the greatest resistance and highest Edc. Concurrently, the thermally stimulated depolarization current indicates that Na5.5 possesses the lowest defect concentration and the largest Ea. This can be attributed to the internal generation of defect dipole clusters (), which effectively restrict the movement of charged defects. These findings suggest that Na5.5 holds significant potential for application and offer insights into the understanding of internal defects in lead‐based AFE materials.
People First, Mission Always: A Tension‐Centered Approach to Conducting Safe, Effective Logistics
Authors: Douglas Matthew A. , Roberts Matthew D. , Ford Jessica L. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTLogistics organizations' cultures inherently produce tension between safety and operational requirements. Perhaps counterintuitively, such tension is important for organizations to achieve safe practice and effective operational outcomes. In this study, we evaluate how logistics managers and workers create, identify, and manage various tensions between operational requirements and personnel health and safety during an extended period of uncertainty. Using a grounded theory (GT) approach, this research draws on multiple data sources from six global U.S. Air Force logistics organizations during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic. A six‐stage GT empirical analysis process revealed a tension‐centered approach to safe, effective logistics, presented as a substantive (middle‐range) theory with an accompanying process model. Data demonstrate operations‐ and people‐focused cultural elements are activated based on respective requirements, thus inducing tension between potentially competing, yet interrelated, areas. In high‐performing organizations, logistics managers and workers address tensions via a balanced focus to alleviate conflicts and conduct safe, effective logistics. This research responds to calls for organizational culture research using qualitative methods while offering implications for theory and practice. Specifically, logistics leaders can use the process model to prepare personnel to safely and effectively handle dynamic operational logistics in the face of unforeseen crises or changes.
Characterization of atrial arrhythmias following mitral valve repair: Incidence and risk factors
Authors: el Mathari Sulayman , Tomšič Anton , Kharbanda Rohit K. , Zappala Pietro , Wijnmaalen Adrianus P. , Klautz Robert J. M. , Silva Marta de Riva , Palmen Meindert 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the occurrence, type and correlation of early and late atrial arrhythmias following mitral valve repair in patients with no preoperative history of atrial arrhythmias.MethodsPatients undergoing mitral valve (MV) repair for degenerative disease were included. Early and late postoperative electrocardiograms were evaluated for the incidence and type of atrial arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation [AF] or atrial tachycardia [AT]).ResultsThe 192 patients were included. Early atrial arrhythmias occurred in 100/192 (52.1%) patients; AF in 61 (31.8%) patients, early AT in 15 (7.8%) and both in 24 (12.5%). In total 89% of patients were discharged in sinus rhythm. During a follow‐up time of 7.3 years, 14 patients (7.3%) died and 49 (25.5%) patients developed late atrial arrhythmias. At 10 years, the cumulative incidence of any late atrial arrhythmia, with death as competing risk, was 64% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 55%–72%). On Fine‐Gray model analysis, only early postoperative AF lasting >24 h was related to the development of late AF (hazard ratio 5.99, 95% CI = 1.78%–20.10%, p = .004). Early postoperative ATs were related to the development of late tachycardias, independent of their duration (<24 h hazard ratio 4.25, 95% CI = 1.89–9.57, p = .001 and >24 h hazard ratio 3.51, 95% CI = 1.65–7.46, p = .001).ConclusionsEarly and late atrial arrhythmias were common after MV repair surgery. Only early postoperative AF lasting >24 h was a risk factor for the occurrence of late AF. Conversely, any postoperative AT was correlated to the development of late ATs.
Medicare‐mandated shared decision making for left atrial appendage closure in clinical practice
Authors: Howard David H. , Dickert Neal W. , Merchant Faisal M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) required a shared decision‐making (SDM) interaction, with an “independent” physician, before left atrial appendage closure (LAAC). The purpose of this study is to better understand how this requirement is implemented in clinical practice.MethodsWe surveyed LAAC‐performing centers. The characteristics of respondent and nonrespondent hospitals were compared using the CMS Provider of Services File for 2017.ResultsWe received 86 responses out of 269 surveys mailed (32%). Respondent and nonrespondent hospital affiliations were similar: mean hospital size 525 beds, 15% for‐profit, and 34% teaching hospitals. Thirty‐four respondents (39.5%) stated that the implanting physician conducts some or all of the SDM interactions. The percentage of patients who decide not to undergo LAAC after the SDM interaction was estimated at 8.1%. Out of 72 responses to an open‐ended question about the benefit of the SDM interaction, 44 (61%) described the requirement in negative terms, of which most felt the requirement was burdensome for patients and providers. Only 28 respondents (39%) described the requirement in positive or mixed terms.ConclusionIn violation of the letter of the CMS policy for LAAC, implanting physicians perform the SDM interaction at nearly 40% of responding hospitals. Most respondents felt the SDM requirement was burdensome for patients. More detailed guidance from CMS on how to comply with the policy may result in better alignment between the intent of the policy and how it is implemented.
Platelet transfusion enhances pro‐aggregatory status shortly after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) while modulating platelet pro‐inflammatory state 1‐week post‐surgery
Authors: Ahmadi Javad , Hosseini Ehteramolsadat , Kargar Faranak , Maghsudlu Mahtab , Ghasemzadeh Mehran 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDuring coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), the surgical procedure, particularly the manipulation of the major arteries of the heart, induces a significant inflammatory state that may compromise platelet function to the extent that platelet transfusion is required. Given stored platelets as a major source of biological mediators, this study investigates the effects of platelet transfusion on the major pro‐aggregatory, pro‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory markers of platelets. Platelets from 20 patients, 10 who received platelet transfusion and 10 without, were subjected to flow cytometery where P‐selectin and CD40 ligand (CD40L) expressions and PAC‐1 binding (activation‐specific anti GPIIb/GPIIIa antibody) analysed at five‐time points of 24 h before surgery, immediately, 2 h, 24 h and 1 week after surgery. Analysis of intra‐platelet transforming growth factor‐beta‐1 (TGF‐β1) was also conducted using western blotting. Patients with platelet transfusion showed increased levels of P‐selectin, CD40L and intra‐platelet TGF‐β1 2‐h after surgery compared to those without transfusion (p < 0.05). PAC‐1 binding was increased 24 h after surgery in transfused patients (p < 0.05). Given the significant post‐transfusion elevation of platelet TGF‐β1, P‐sel/CD40L reduction in transfused patients a week after was of much interest. This study showed for the first time the significant effects of platelet transfusion on the pro‐inflammatory, pro‐aggeregatory and immunomodulatory state of platelets in CABG patients, which manifested with immediate, midterm and delayed consequences. While the increased pro‐inflammatory conditions manifested as an immediate effect of platelet transfusion, the pro‐aggregatory circumstances emerged 24 h post‐transfusion. A week after surgery, attenuations of pro‐inflammatory markers of platelets in transfused patients were shown, which might be due to the immunomodulatory effects of TGF‐β1.
Comparative muscle anatomy of the anuran pelvis and hindlimb in relation to locomotor mode
Authors: Leavey Alice , Richards Christopher T. , Porro Laura B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFrogs have a highly conserved body plan, yet they employ a diverse array of locomotor modes, making them ideal organisms for investigating the relationships between morphology and locomotor function, in particular whether anatomical complexity is a prerequisite for functional complexity. We use diffusible iodine contrast‐enhanced microCT (diceCT) imaging to digitally dissect the gross muscle anatomy of the pelvis and hindlimbs for 30 species of frogs representing five primary locomotor modes, including the first known detailed dissection for some of the world's smallest frogs, forming the largest digital comparative analysis of musculoskeletal structure in any vertebrate clade to date. By linking musculoskeletal dissections and phylogenetic comparative methods, we then quantify and compare relationships between anatomy and function across over 160 million years of anuran evolution. In summary, we have found that bone lengths and pelvic crest sizes are generally not reliable predictors of muscle sizes, which highlights important implications for future palaeontological studies. Our investigation also presents previously unreported differences in muscle anatomy between frogs specialising in different locomotor modes, including several of the smallest frog hindlimb muscles, which are extremely difficult to extract and measure using traditional approaches. Furthermore, we find evidence of many‐to‐one and one‐to‐many mapping of form to function across the phylogeny. Additionally, we perform the first quantitative analysis of how the degree of muscle separation can differ between frogs. We find evidence that phylogenetic history is the key contributing factor to muscle separation in the pelvis and thigh, while the separation of shank muscles is influenced more strongly by locomotor mode. Finally, our anatomical 3D reconstructions are published alongside this manuscript to contribute towards future research and serve as educational materials.
Within‐ and between‐person effects of causal attributions on relationship improvement following perceived incivility
Authors: Carson Jack , Mackey Jeremy , Alexander Katherine , McAllister Charn , Phillipich Michael 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWorkplace incivility research has grown considerably over recent decades. However, this stream of research still has not adequately explained targets' attributions for experienced incivility or their potential positive responses to incivility. The present study longitudinally investigates the relationship between attributions for workplace incivility and relationship improvement responses with data from 1871 person‐month observations. In contrast to expectations, we found targets' beliefs that their relationship with the uncivil coworker was the cause of the incivility (i.e., relational locus of causality) were negatively related to relationship improvement behaviours. The results also indicated that this negative relationship was attenuated by belief that the target had control over the cause of incivility (i.e., internal controllability) and task interdependence at the between‐person level, and by belief that the uncivil coworker had control over the cause of incivility (i.e., external controllability) at the within‐person level. Direct effects analysis indicated that internal and external controllability attributions for incivility had significant positive between‐person effects on relationship improvement efforts. Frequency of interaction and task interdependence were both significant positive predictors of relationship improvement efforts at both the between‐ and within‐person levels. Implications for research and future directions are discussed.
The Value of an Informal Before‐School Exercise Opportunity for Adolescent Girls Living in a Low‐Socioeconomic Community
Authors: White Rhiannon Lee , Sherson Jamie , Young Carmen , Noon Ted 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDPhysical activity is beneficial to physical, social, and emotional well‐being, and schools are required to provide opportunities to engage in physical activity. While physical education and school sport have been extensively researched, little is known about the value of informal, unstructured, exercise opportunities.METHODSThis study involved interviews with 19 adolescent girls who attended “extra” exercise opportunities provided by their school. The 3 opportunities were: (1) informal before‐school exercise sessions at school, (2) before‐school sport training, and (3) externally provided exercise sessions in a community setting during school hours.RESULTSStudents perceived all opportunities as valuable with benefits to confidence, social well‐being, and emotional well‐being. The informal exercise sessions held greater benefits to confidence as confidence transferred from the physical activity context into the academic classroom more so than for those participating in sport. Social benefits were greater for those exercising before school as this opportunity created new relationships with teachers and with students from other classes and year groups.CONCLUSIONSThe opportunity to engage in informal exercise with peers before school widened social networks, increased confidence, changed the overall school climate, and increased attendance.
Pleasantness of fat flavor is decreased in young adults with high perceived stress
Authors: Hu Qian , Zheng Longxuan , Luo Lige , Yu Haiyang , Han Pengfei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChronic stress has been linked to changes in taste or odor perception. People with high levels of perceived chronic stress consume more fatty foods. However, few studies have investigated whether perceived chronic stress is associated with altered fat perception. High‐stress (N = 33) and low‐stress (N = 31) participants were pre‐screened using the simplified Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale (SCPSS). Oral and olfactory discrimination of fat between milk samples with different fat contents (0%, 2%, and 3.5%) were assessed using the A‐Not A with reminder task (A‐Not AR). Perceived creaminess, fattiness, and liking for fat taste/flavor were measured using Likert scales. Dairy intake was measured using the food frequency scales and the 24‐hour food recall questionnaires. No significant difference in fat discrimination performance was found between the high‐ and low‐stress groups. Compared with the low‐stress group, the high‐stress group showed reduced pleasantness ratings for the whole milk fat flavor and taste (with nose clips). In addition, the high‐stress group ate less vegetables and fruits than the low‐stress group. For people with high levels of perceived stress, the observed altered fat sensory preference may contribute to the consumption or choice of certain foods.Practical ApplicationsThe perception of fat contributes to food consumption. The current results suggest that a high level of perceived stress is associated with decreased hedonic food‐related fat sensory perception, which contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying stress‐related eating behavior and may help future research on dietary or psychological interventions for stressed populations.
Standard area diagrams for severity assessment of eucalypt bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas spp.
Authors: Neves Yane Fernandes , Eloi Ana Carolina Lopes , Santos Samuel A. , Alfenas Rafael Ferreira , Alfenas Acelino Couto , Badel Jorge Luis 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas spp. is an important threat for eucalypt production. Planting of resistant genotypes is the best strategy for eucalypt BLB control. However, selection of resistant clones is challenging since the disease is caused by at least three Xanthomonas species that can be sympatric and cause a range of foliar symptoms. So far, standard area diagrams (SADs) to assess eucalypt BLB severity caused by different Xanthomonas species have not been reported. Here, SADs for eucalypt BLB severity assessment were developed. Plants of five eucalypt genotypes were individually inoculated with different Xanthomonas species and leaves exhibiting lesions varying in colour, shape, and size were digitally scanned for disease assessment. Among 150 scanned leaves, the actual leaf affected area ranged from 0.01% to 55%. Based on these minimum and maximum values and the frequency of severity distribution, the 10 leaves that best represented the distribution of affected leaf area were selected to assemble the SADs. Groups of experienced and inexperienced raters estimated BLB severity on a subset of 50 out of the 150 original leaves without and then with the use of the SADs. Correlation concordance analyses revealed that SADs provided a significant improvement in accuracy, precision and reliability of disease estimates by both rater groups, with higher gains observed for the inexperienced group. The SADs developed in this study will be useful for selection of eucalypt genotypes resistant to BLB under controlled conditions when knowledge on the Xanthomonas species composition is lacking or when local populations are comprised of several species.
Assessment of Single‐Dose Pharmacokinetics of Oxolinic Acid in Rainbow Trout and Determination of In Vitro Antibacterial Activity Against Pathogenic Bacteria From Diseased Fish
Authors: Pathak Richa , Mallik Sumanta Kumar , Patil Prasanna Kumar , Shahi Neetu , Kala Krishna , Bhat Raja Adil Hussain , Nadella Ranjit Kumar , Pandey Nityanand , Pandey Pramod Kumar 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIn response to the heightened risk of bacterial diseases in fish farms caused by increased demand for fish consumption and subsequent overcrowding, researchers are currently investigating the efficacy and residue management of oxolinic acid (OA) as a treatment for bacterial infections in fish. This research is crucial for gaining a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacokinetics of OA. The present study investigates pharmacokinetics of OA in juvenile rainbow trout. The fish were given a 12 mg kg−1 dose of OA through their feed, and tissue samples were collected of the liver, kidney, gill, intestine, muscle, and plasma for analysis using LC‐MS/MS. The highest concentrations of the drug were found in the gill (4096.55 μg kg−1) and intestine (11592.98 μg kg−1), with significant absorption also seen in the liver (0.36 L/h) and gill (0.07 L/h) (p < 0.05). The liver (0.21 L/h) and kidney (0.03 L/h) were found to be the most efficient (p < 0.05) at eliminating the drug. The study also confirmed the drug antimicrobial effectiveness against several bacterial pathogens, including Shewanella xiamenensis (0.25 μg mL−1), Lactococcus garvieae (1 μg mL−1), and Chryseobacterium aquaticum (4 μg mL−1). The study concludes significant variations among different fish tissues, with higher concentrations and longer half‐lives observed in the kidney and intestine. The lowest MIC value recorded against major bacterial pathogens demonstrated its therapeutic potential in aquaculture. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding OA pharmacokinetics to optimize antimicrobial therapy in aquaculture.