bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skeletal muscle oxygenation in severe trauma patients during haemorrhagic shock resuscitation
Authors: Duret Jerome , Pottecher Julien , Bouzat Pierre , Brun Julien , Harrois Anatole , Payen Jean-Francois , Duranteau Jacques 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Early alterations in tissue oxygenation may worsen patient outcome following traumatic haemorrhagic shock. We hypothesized that muscle oxygenation measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) on admission could be associated with subsequent change in the SOFA score after resuscitation.

Methods
The study was conducted in two Level I trauma centres and included 54 consecutive trauma patients with haemorrhagic shock, presenting within 6 hours of injury. Baseline tissue haemoglobin oxygen saturation (StO2) in the thenar eminence muscle and StO2 changes during a vascular occlusion test (VOT) were determined at 6 hours (H6) and 72 hours (H72) after the admission to the emergency room. Patients showing an improved SOFA score at H72 (SOFA improvers) were compared to those for whom it was unchanged or worse (SOFA non-improvers).

Results
Of the 54 patients, 34 patients were SOFA improvers and 20 SOFA non-improvers. They had comparable injury severity scores on admission. SOFA improvers had higher baseline StO2 values and a steeper StO2 desaturation slope at H6 compared to the SOFA non-improvers. These StO2 variables similarly correlated with the intra-hospital mortality. The StO2 reperfusion slope at H6 was similar between the two groups of patients.

Conclusions
Differences in StO2 parameters on admission of traumatic haemorrhagic shock were found between patients who had an improvement in organ failure in the first 72 hours and those who had unchanged or worse conditions. The use of NIRS to guide the initial management of trauma patients with haemorrhagic shock warrants further investigations.
External validation of scores proposed for estimation of survival probability of patients with severe adult respiratory distress syndrome undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy: a retrospective study
Authors: Klinzing Stephanie , Wenger Urs , Steiger Peter , Starck Christoph Thomas , Wilhelm Markus , Schuepbach Reto A , Maggiorini Marco 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction
This study was designed as an external validation of the recently proposed Predicting Death for Severe ARDS on V-V ECMO (PRESERVE) score, The respiratory extracorporeal membrane oxygenation survival prediction (RESP) score and a scoring system developed for externally retrieved patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) at our institution. All scores are proposed for the estimation of survival probability after ECMO treatment for severe adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Methods
Data from 51 patients (2008 to 2013) were analyzed in this retrospective single-center study. A calculation of an adapted PRESERVE score, the RESP score as well as the score developed for externally retrieved ECMO patients was performed.

Results
Seventy one percent of patients received veno-venous (v-v) and 29% venous-arterial (v-a) ECMO support during the study period. Overall survival at 6 months was 55%, with a 61% survival rate for v-v cannulated patients and a 40% survival rate for v-a cannulated patients. The PRESERVE score discriminated survivors and non-survivors with an area under the curve of 0.67 (95% CI 0.52 to 0.82, P = 0.03). Analyzing survival prediction according to cannulation modus, the PRESERVE score and the RESP score significantly predicted survival for patients on v-v ECMO with an area under the curve of 0.75 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.92, P = 0.01) and 0.81 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.95, P = 0.035), respectively, while the scoring system developed for externally retrieved ECMO patients failed to predict survival in our study population. All scores failed to predict mortality for patients on v-a ECMO.

Conclusion
Our single-center validation confirms that the proposed PRESERVE and RESP score predict survival for patients treated with v-v ECMO for severe adult respiratory distress syndrome.
Breast cancer resistance protein identifies clonogenic keratinocytes in human interfollicular epidermis
Authors: Ma Dongrui , Chua Alvin Wen Choong , Yang Ennan , Teo Peiyun , Ting Yixin , Song Colin , Lane Ellen Birgitte , Lee Seng Teik 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction
There is a practical need for the identification of robust cell-surface markers that can be used to enrich for living keratinocyte progenitor cells. Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2), a member of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, is known to be a marker for stem/progenitor cells in many tissues and organs.

Methods
We investigated the expression of ABCG2 protein in normal human epidermis to evaluate its potential as a cell surface marker for identifying and enriching for clonogenic epidermal keratinocytes outside the pilosebaceous tract.

Results
Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting studies of human skin showed that ABCG2 is expressed in a subset of basal layer cells in the epidermis. Flow cytometry analysis showed approximately 2-3% of keratinocytes in non-hair-bearing epidermis expressing ABCG2; this population also expresses p63, β1 and α6 integrins and keratin 14, but not CD34, CD71, C-kit or involucrin. The ABCG2-positive keratinocytes showed significantly higher colony forming efficiency when co-cultured with mouse 3T3 feeder cells, and more extensive long-term proliferation capacity in vitro, than did ABCG2-negative keratinocytes. Upon clonal analysis, most of the freshly isolated ABCG2-positive keratinocytes formed holoclones and were capable of generating a stratified differentiating epidermis in organotypic culture models.

Conclusions
These data indicate that in skin, expression of the ABCG2 transporter is a characteristic of interfollicular keratinocyte progentior cells and suggest that ABCG2 may be useful for enriching keratinocyte stem cells in human interfollicular epidermis.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells suppress metastatic tumor development in mouse by modulating immune system
Authors: Zhang Lei , Su Xiao San , Ye Jun Song , Wang Yi Yin , Guan Zheng , Yin Yan Feng 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been studied extensively because of their potential use in clinical therapy, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering. However, their application in tumor therapy remains yet in preclinical stage because of the distinct results from different researches and vagueness of their functional mechanism. In this study, the influence of BMSCs on tumor growth was observed and the potential mechanism was investigated.

Method
Two animal models, H22 ascitogenous hepatoma in BALb/c mouse and B16-F10 pulmonary metastatic melanoma in C57 mouse, were adopted in experience in vivo and treated with BMSCs by intravenous injection. The percentage of Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and IFN-γ+ T cells were observed in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) by Flow Cytometry. BMSCs were co-cultured in vitro with tumor cells and MDSCs in a tumor conditioned medium separately in order to illustrate the mechanism.

Results
Our results demonstrated that BMSCs treatment caused a delayed tumor growth and a prolonged survival in both tumor models, the homing fraction of BMSCs in BM was 2% - 5% in 24–72 hours after transfusion and the percentage of Gr-1+CD11b+ MDSCs was downregulated in peripheral blood and BM. Meanwhile, IFN-γ+ T lymphocytes in PB increased. In vitro co-culture showed that BMSCs inhibited the induction and proliferation of MDSCs in tumor conditioned medium, whereas they didn’t affect the proliferation of B16-F10 and H22 cells by in vitro co-culture. Both in vivo and in vitro results showed that BMSCs have a systemic suppressive effect on MDSCs.

Conclusion
Our data suggest that BMSCs has suppressive effect on tumor and is feasible to be applied in cancer treatment. BMSCs inhibiting MDSCs induction and proliferation is likely one of the mechanism.
Sdf-1 (CXCL12) induces CD9 expression in stem cells engaged in muscle regeneration
Authors: Brzoska Edyta , Kowalski Kamil , Markowska-Zagrajek Agnieszka , Kowalewska Magdalena , Archacki Rafał , Plaskota Izabela , Stremińska Władysława , Jańczyk-Ilach Katarzyna , Ciemerych Maria A 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Understanding the mechanism of stem cell mobilization into injured skeletal muscles is a prerequisite step for the development of muscle disease therapies. Many of the currently studied stem cell types present myogenic potential; however, when introduced either into the blood stream or directly into the tissue, they are not able to efficiently engraft injured muscle. For this reason their use in therapy is still limited. Previously, we have shown that stromal-derived factor-1 (Sdf-1) caused the mobilization of endogenous (not transplanted) stem cells into injured skeletal muscle improving regeneration. Here, we demonstrate that the beneficial effect of Sdf-1 relies on the upregulation of the tetraspanin CD9 expression in stem cells.

Methods
The expression pattern of adhesion proteins, including CD9, was analysed after Sdf-1 treatment during regeneration of rat skeletal muscles and mouse Pax7-/- skeletal muscles, that are characterized by the decreased number of satellite cells. Next, we examined the changes in CD9 level in satellite cells-derived myoblasts, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and embryonic stem cells after Sdf-1 treatment or silencing expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7. Finally, we examined the potential of stem cells to fuse with myoblasts after Sdf-1 treatment.

Results
In vivo analyses of Pax7-/- mice strongly suggest that Sdf-1-mediates increase in CD9 levels also in mobilized stem cells. In the absence of CXCR4 receptor the effect of Sdf-1 on CD9 expression is blocked. Next, in vitro studies show that Sdf-1 increases the level of CD9 not only in satellite cell-derived myoblasts but also in bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells, as well as embryonic stem cells. Importantly, the Sdf-1 treated cells migrate and fuse with myoblasts more effectively.

Conclusions
We suggest that Sdf-1 binding CXCR4 receptor improves skeletal muscle regeneration by upregulating expression of CD9 and thus, impacting at stem cells mobilization to the injured muscles.
Neurotensin receptors in pancreatic ductal carcinomas
Authors: Körner Meike , Waser Beatrice , Strobel Oliver , Büchler Markus , Reubi Jean Claude 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Background
The frequent expression of neurotensin receptors (NT-R) in primaries of pancreatic ductal carcinomas has triggered the development of radioactive neurotensin analogs for possible in vivo targeting of these tumors. However, the complete lack of information regarding NT-R in liver metastases of pancreatic cancer and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) makes an in vitro study of NT-R in these tissues indispensable.

Methods
Using in vitro receptor autoradiography with 125I-[Tyr3]-neurotensin, NT-R were investigated in 18 primaries and 23 liver metastases of pancreatic ductal carcinomas as well as in 19 PanIN lesions.

Results
We report here that 13 of 18 ductal carcinoma primaries and 14 of 23 liver metastases expressed NT-R. Moreover, none of the six PanIN 1B cases expressed NT-R, while two of six PanIN 2 and five of seven PanIN 3 expressed NT-R. Binding was fully displaced by the type 1 NT-R-selective antagonist SR48692, indicating that the NT-R in the tumors are of the type 1 NT-R subtype.

Conclusions
These in vitro data extend the currently available information on NT-R in invasive and non-invasive pancreatic ductal tumors. They suggest that type 1 NT-R may be a novel, specific marker of PanIN of higher degree. The high expression of NT-R in primaries and metastases of invasive cancer strongly support the need to develop radioactive neurotensin analogs for the diagnosis and therapy of this tumor type.
Echocardiographic detection of transpulmonary bubble transit during acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Boissier Florence , Razazi Keyvan , Thille Arnaud W , Roche-Campo Ferran , Leon Rusel , Vivier Emmanuel , Brochard Laurent , Brun-Buisson Christian , Mekontso Dessap Armand 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Background
Transpulmonary bubble transit (TPBT) detected with contrast echocardiography is reported as a sign of intrapulmonary shunt during cirrhosis or exercise in healthy humans. However, its physiological meaning is not clear during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Our aim was to determine the prevalence, significance, and prognosis of TPBT detection during ARDS.

Methods
This was a prospective observational study in an academic medical intensive care unit in France. Two hundred and sixteen consecutive patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS underwent transesophageal echocardiography with modified gelatine contrast. Moderate-to-large TPBT was defined as right-to-left passage of at least ten bubbles through a pulmonary vein more than three cardiac cycles after complete opacification of the right atrium. Patients with intra-cardiac shunt through patent foramen ovale were excluded.

Results
The prevalence of moderate-to-large TPBT was 26% (including 42 patients with moderate and 15 with large TPBT). Patients with moderate-to-large TPBT had higher values of cardiac index and heart rate as compared to those without TPBT. There was no significant difference in PaO2/FIO2 ratio between groups, and TPBT was not influenced by end-expiratory positive pressure level in 93% of tested patients. Prevalence of septic shock was higher in the group with moderate-to-large TPBT. Patients with moderate-to-large TPBT had fewer ventilator-free days and intensive care unit-free days within the first 28 days, and higher in-hospital mortality as compared to others.

Conclusions
Moderate-to-large TPBT was detected with contrast echocardiography in 26% of patients with ARDS. This finding was associated with a hyperdynamic and septic state, but did not influence oxygenation.
Evaluation of parameter uncertainties in nonlinear regression using Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet
Authors: Hu Wei , Xie Jing , Chau Henry Wai , Si Bing Cheng 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Background
Nonlinear relationships are common in the environmental discipline. Spreadsheet packages such as Microsoft Excel come with an add-on for nonlinear regression, but parameter uncertainty estimates are not yet available. The purpose of this paper is to use Monte Carlo and bootstrap methods to estimate nonlinear parameter uncertainties with a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. As an example, uncertainties of two parameters (α and n) for a soil water retention curve are estimated.

Results
The fitted parameters generally do not follow a normal distribution. Except for the upper limit of α using the bootstrap method, the lower and upper limits of α and n obtained by these two methods are slightly greater than those obtained using the SigmaPlot software which linearlizes the nonlinear model.

Conclusions
Since the linearization method is based on the assumption of normal distribution of parameter values, the Monte Carlo and bootstrap methods may be preferred to the linearization method.
La construction de la renommée des produits des terroirs: Acteurs et enjeux d’un marché de la gourmandise en France (XVIIe-début XIXe siècle)
Authors: Meyzie Philippe 
Published: March 2015

La valorisation de l’origine géographique des produits alimentaires se construit durablement en France au cours du XVIIIe siècle. Pour les marchands, les consommateurs et les amateurs éclairés (voyageurs, gastronomes), l’identification à une ville ou une province est un signe de qualité sur ce marché singulier et bien structuré de l’alimentation qui se rapproche de celui du luxe par le poids de la demande et sa dimension socioculturelle. Tout à la fois ancrées dans les usages de la société d’Ancien Régime et sensibles aux innovations commerciales, la circulation et la consommation de ces denrées représentent un marché alimentaire original qui témoigne de la promotion des produits des terroirs provinciaux dans l’imaginaire gourmand du début du XIXe siècle. En étudiant la manière dont se construit la renommée de ces produits localisés, cet article met en évidence les acteurs et les enjeux de ce marché français de la gourmandise.
The valorization of the geographic origin of food products emerged in France during the eighteenth century. For merchants, consumers, and enlightened amateurs (travelers, gourmets), identification with a town or province became a sign of quality. This well-structured, specialist market is similar to a luxury market in terms of demand and its sociocultural aspect. At once rooted in the practices of the ancien régime and responsive to economic innovation, the circulation and consumption of these foods produce a unique food market reflecting the importance of terroir in early nineteenth-century gourmand culture. By studying the reputation of these local products, this article investigates the actors and stakes of this French gourmet market.
“Sa Coquetterie Tue la Faim”: Garment Workers, Lunch Reform, and the Parisian Midinette, 1896-1933
Authors: Tilburg Patricia 
Published: March 2015

This article understands the midinette as a key figure in the early twentieth-century Parisian picturesque. Specifically, the article examines popular depictions of the noon lunch break that romanticized the midinettes and warned of (and celebrated) the amorous seductions and picturesque allure of these women. A defining part of that allure was undereating. The Parisian garment worker was understood to be a delightfully frivolous undereater who happily sacrificed food for fashion and pleasure. Pulp fiction, songs, vaudeville shows, and even reform campaigns in this period proffered a novel representation of undereating and noneating in depictions of the midinette. The undereating midinettes of the early twentieth-century Parisian imaginary did so as a means of engaging more fully in the capitalist marketplace, making their bodies more appealing advertisements for and objects of urban consumption.
Cet article propose la midinette comme un personnage clef de l’imaginaire parisien du vingtième siècle. Notamment, la représentation populaire de la pause déjeuner des midinettes glorifiait les séductions amoureuses et le charme pittoresque des travailleuses parisiennes. Ce charme était fondé, en partie, sur une alimentation légère, voire une sous-alimentation. L’ouvrière de la mode était saisie comme une adepte d’une sous-alimentation frivole et agréable, heureuse de sacrifier de la nourriture pour les plaisirs de la mode et du divertissement. Une nouvelle représentation de la sous-alimentation se trouve dans les descriptions de la midinette à travers la littérature populaire, la chanson, le vaudeville, et même les efforts réformateurs. La midinette sous-alimentée de l’imaginaire parisien du début de siècle ne mangeait pas pour s’engager plus profondément dans le marché capitaliste—en faisant de son corps une publicité séduisante pour la consommation urbaine.
Important sources of information on self-management for families of children with paediatric cataracts
Authors: Gyllén Jenny , Rosenberg Anna , Nyström Alf , Forsberg Anna , Magnusson Gunilla 
Published: March 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to improve concordance by investigating important sources of information on self-management for families of children with paediatric cataracts from the perspective of parents and ophthalmologists. Methods: This mixed methods study involved a deductive approach using a questionnaire administered to 69 families of children operated on and registered with the Swedish Pediatric Cataract Register (PECARE Sweden) in southern Sweden, as well as 30 paediatric ophthalmologists who monitored the patients on their return to the local health care facility. An inductive approach was applied through an analysis of open-ended questions on self-management. Both groups were asked about their perception of the value of strategies for providing information and the timing of this. Results: The response rate was 68% for families and 93% for ophthalmologists. Both groups agreed that ophthalmology visits were the most important source of information, followed by written and online information. Parents of children diagnosed before the age of three months were more likely to prefer written information. Content analysis revealed that a person-centred approach is important. Conclusions: Parents, particularly those whose children were diagnosed at a young age, need more and better-directed information. Promoting self-management may play a decisive role in treatment outcomes.
Patterns of Knife Edge Recession in an Industrial Chipper-Canter
Authors: Ghosh Shyamal C. , Heidari Majid , Hernández Roger E. , Blais Carl 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Chipper-canters are used in primary wood industries for processing small-diameter logs. Knife geometry is one of the principal parameters significantly affecting the chip size and cant surface properties. This work studied the patterns of tool wear as edge recession (ER) in chipping and canting knives of a chipper-canter head. In addition, analytical investigation of wear mechanisms was carried out to better understand the ER phenomenon. The test head contained eight sets of separate chipping and canting knives. ER was measured after 0, 8, 16, 32, 48, and 80 hours of machining. Microscopic measurements at intervals of 1 mm along the cutting edge were carried out to characterize ER from knife replicas. The ERs after 80 hours of machining were 544 and 549 μm for chipping and canting knives, respectively. There was no significant variation in ER between the types of knives at 0 and 80 hours of machining. However, significantly different ERs were found between the chipping and canting knives at the intermediate stages of machining. Scanning electron microscopic observation showed that apart from abrasion and chipping phenomenon, there were also deformation of chipping knives and cracking of canting knives.
Ash Content of Wood Pellets Made from Small Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) Trees with Bark
Authors: Paukkunen Simo , Sikanen Lauri , Ikonen Risto 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
This article presents the influence of stem size of thinned trees on the amount of ash in wood pellets. If wood can be used with bark, material efficiency of pellet production increases. The article initiates discussion related to typical questions in the pellet industry, such as the applicability of pine with bark to produce wood pellets that meet European Union standards (EN 14961‐2:2011 A1). The article shows that unbarked Finnish scots pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) over 11.16 m in length can be used as raw material without quality loss or ash content out of the range of the wood pellet standard. Three different diameter groups of pine were tested, and none exceeded the ash content limit (0.7%) set in the EN 14961‐2:2011 standard.
Reviews
Authors: Reckling Tobias , Mariano Fátima , Rodgers Eamonn 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
El Amigo Alemán. El SPD y el Psoe de la dictadura a la democracia, Antonio Muñoz Sánchez (2012) Barcelona: RBA Libros, 512 pp., ISBN: 9788490062852 (p/bk), €25
La destrucción de Guernica: periodismo, diplomacia, propaganda e historia, Herbert R. Southworth (2013) Ángel Viñas (ed.), Granada: Comares Historia, 726 pp., ISBN: 9788490450321 (p/bk), € 35.00
Skeletons in the Closet, Skeletons in the Ground: Repression, Victimization and Humiliation in a Small Andalusian Town: The Human Consequences of the Spanish Civil War, Richard Barker (2012) Brighton, Portland and Toronto: Sussex Academic Press in Collaboration with the Cañada Blanch Centre for Contemporary Iberian Studies, xxvii+283 pp., ISBN: 9781845195366, p/bk, £25
Unlikely Warriors, Richard Baxell (2014) London: Aurum Press, xii+531 pp., ISBN: 9781781312339, p/bk, £12.99