bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Travel cost inference from sparse, spatio temporally correlated time series using Markov models
Authors: Yang Bin , Guo Chenjuan , Jensen Christian S. 
Published: June 2014

The monitoring of a system can yield a set of measurements that can be modeled as a collection of time series. These time series are often sparse, due to missing measurements, and spatiotemporally correlated, meaning that spatially close time series exhibit temporal correlation. The analysis of such time series offers insight into the underlying system and enables prediction of system behavior. While the techniques presented in the paper apply more generally, we consider the case of transportation systems and aim to predict travel cost from GPS tracking data from probe vehicles. Specifically, each road segment has an associated travel-cost time series, which is derived from GPS data.
We use spatio-temporal hidden Markov models (STHMM) to model correlations among different traffic time series. We provide algorithms that are able to learn the parameters of an STHMM while contending with the sparsity, spatio-temporal correlation, and heterogeneity of the time series. Using the resulting STHMM, near future travel costs in the transportation network, e.g., travel time or greenhouse gas emissions, can be inferred, enabling a variety of routing services, e.g., eco-routing. Empirical studies with a substantial GPS data set offer insight into the design properties of the proposed framework and algorithms, demonstrating the effectiveness and efficiency of travel cost inferencing.
PREDIcT
Authors: Popescu Adrian Daniel , Balmin Andrey , Ercegovac Vuk , Ailamaki Anastasia 
Published: June 2014

Machine learning algorithms are widely used today for analytical tasks such as data cleaning, data categorization, or data filtering. At the same time, the rise of social media motivates recent uptake in large scale graph processing. Both categories of algorithms are dominated by iterative subtasks, i.e., processing steps which are executed repetitively until a convergence condition is met. Optimizing cluster resource allocations among multiple workloads of iterative algorithms motivates the need for estimating their runtime, which in turn requires: i) predicting the number of iterations, and ii) predicting the processing time of each iteration. As both parameters depend on the characteristics of the dataset and on the convergence function, estimating their values before execution is difficult.
This paper proposes PREDIcT, an experimental methodology for predicting the runtime of iterative algorithms. PREDIcT uses sample runs for capturing the algorithm's convergence trend and per-iteration key input features that are well correlated with the actual processing requirements of the complete input dataset. Using this combination of characteristics we predict the runtime of iterative algorithms, including algorithms with very different runtime patterns among subsequent iterations. Our experimental evaluation of multiple algorithms on scale-free graphs shows a relative prediction error of 10%-30% for predicting runtime, including algorithms with up to 100× runtime variability among consecutive iterations.
Distributed socialite
Authors: Seo Jiwon , Park Jongsoo , Shin Jaeho , Lam Monica S. 
Published: June 2014

Large-scale graph analysis is becoming important with the rise of world-wide social network services. Recently in SociaLite, we proposed extensions to Datalog to efficiently and succinctly implement graph analysis programs on sequential machines. This paper describes novel extensions and optimizations of SociaLite for parallel and distributed executions to support large-scale graph analysis.
With distributed SociaLite, programmers simply annotate how data are to be distributed, then the necessary communication is automatically inferred to generate parallel code for cluster of multi-core machines. It optimizes the evaluation of recursive monotone aggregate functions using a delta stepping technique. In addition, approximate computation is supported in SociaLite, allowing programmers to trade off accuracy for less time and space.
We evaluated SociaLite with six core graph algorithms used in many social network analyses. Our experiment with 64 Amazon EC2 8-core instances shows that SociaLite programs performed within a factor of two with respect to ideal weak scaling. Compared to optimized Giraph, an open-source alternative of Pregel, SociaLite programs are 4 to 12 times faster across benchmark algorithms, and 22 times more succinct on average.
As a declarative query language, SociaLite, with the help of a compiler that generates efficient parallel and approximate code, can be used easily to create many social apps that operate on large-scale distributed graphs.
Recovery Behavior of Separating Britholite (Ca3Ce2[(Si,P)O4]3F) Phase from Rare-Earth-rich Slag by Centrifugal Casting
Authors: Li Juncheng , Guo Zhancheng , Yang Tao , Yue Zicheng , Ma Changhao 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA new approach to separate britholite phase from the rare-earth-rich slag by super gravity was investigated. With the parameter of G = 500, t = 5 min, T = 1423 K, almost all britholite phase is enriched in the concentrate, while the tailing is made up of CaF
Production of Chromium Oxide from Turkish Chromite Concentrate Using Ethanol
Authors: Aktas S. , Eyuboglu C. , Morcali M.H. , Özbey S. , Sucuoglu Y. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In this study, the possibility of chromium extraction from Turkish chromite concentrate and the production of chromium oxide were investigated. For the conversion of chromium(III) into chromium(VI), NaOH was employed, as well as air with a rate of 20 L/min. The effects of the base amount, fusing temperature, and fusing time on the chromium conversion percentage were investigated in detail. The conversion kinetics of chromium(III) to chromium(VI) was also undertaken. Following the steps of dissolving the sodium chromate in water and filtering, aluminum hydroxide was precipitated by adjusting the pH level of the solution. The chromium(VI) solution was subsequently converted to Cr(III) by the combination of sulfuric acid and ethanol. Interestingly, it was observed that ethanol precipitated chromium as chromium(VI) at mildly acidic pH levels, although this effect is more pronounced for K2Cr2O7 than Na2Cr2O7. On the other hand, in the strongly acidic regime, ethanol acted as a reducing agent role in that chromium(VI) was converted into Cr(III) whereas ethanol itself was oxidized to carbon dioxide and water. Subsequently, chromium hydroxide was obtained by the help of sodium hydroxide and converted to chromium oxide by heating at 800 °C, as indicated in thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA).
Comparison of High‐resolution Computerized Tomography with Film‐screen Radiography for the Evaluation of Opacity and the Recognition of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis
Authors: Xing Jingcai , Huang Xiji , Yang Lijuan , Liu Yuewei , Zhang Hai , Chen Weihong 
Published: June 2014

Comparison of High‐resolution Computerized Tomography with Film‐screen Radiography for the Evaluation of Opacity and the Recognition of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis: Jingcai XING, et al. Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China—ObjectivesCurrent diagnostic standards of pneumoconiosis, which is the most serious occupational disease in China, are based on film‐screen radiography (FSR). However, parenchymal structure overlap limits the sensitivity of FSR in the clinic. High‐resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) has the advantage of identifying nodular pulmonary parenchymal changes. In this study, we aimed to compare HRCT and FSR for recognition of the profusion of small opacities, opacity shape and opacity coalescence in coal miners with or without radiographic evidence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) and evaluate the possible role of HRCT in CWP diagnosis.MethodsThere were 96 coal miners with radiographic evidence of CWP, 67 coal miners without CWP and 37 healthy controls in this study. FSR and HRCT images for all subjects were interpreted separately by three readers. Crude agreement and Kappa values were calculated to evaluate the agreement between the two methods.ResultsThe overall agreement for CWP evaluation was good (crude agreement rate=87.1%, κ=0.72, 95% CI: 0.62−0.83) between FSR and HRCT in all coal miners. The sensitivity of HRCT for CWP diagnosis was 96.9% (93/96). We observed that 18 of the 67 (26.9%) miners negative for CWP by FSR were classified as category 1 by HRCT according to the lung parenchyma profusion category system reported by Bérgin et al. The difference in the profusion scores between CWP subjects and healthy controls for HRCT scans were statistically significantly higher than those for FSR.ConclusionsHRCT was more sensitive than FSR in recognition of the profusion of small opacities among coal miners. More research is needed to evaluate the role of HRCT in early diagnosis of CWP.
New 3C Silicon Carbide on Silicon Hetero-Junction Solar Cells for UV Collection enhancement
Authors: Toure M. , Berenguier B. , Ottaviani L. , Pasquinelli M. , Palais O. , Di Lauro P. , Portail M. , Chenot S , Wood T. , Kobor D. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTAn actual trend to enhance solar cells efficiency is to build multijunction cells, creating a bandshape wavelength collection. However, the best multijuction cells are actually made of III-V compounds when silicon and its alloys don’t lead to high efficiency devices. In this article, we study a 3C-SiC/Si heterojunction as a first step for 3C-SiC/Si tandem cells. Four samples were fabricated by depositing 3C-SiC on Si wafers with different SiC doping levels. Simulations of the structures are performed, as well as optical and electrical characterizations of the heterojunction cells.
Micronutrient Density and Stability in West African Pearl Millet—Potential for Biofortification
Authors: Pucher Anna , Høgh‐Jensen Henning , Gondah Jadah , Hash C. Tom , Haussmann Bettina I. G. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTPearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is one of the most important cereals in West and Central Africa (WCA). Human populations in WCA are strongly affected by micronutrient deficiencies. Biofortification, the development of pearl millet varieties with enhanced micronutrient levels, is recognized as a suitable approach to reducing this widespread health problem. To assess the potential of biofortification of WCA pearl millet germplasm, we studied quantitative‐genetic parameters of eight mineral densities in whole and decorticated grains, their stability over environments, and the correlations among minerals and agromorphological traits. The study included 72 WCA pearl millet genotypes grown in three environments in Niger, contrasting in soil fertilization. Significant genotypic effects, moderate estimates of heritability, and genetic variation for mineral densities, especially for Fe and Zn, indicate a high potential for biofortification of WCA pearl millet. However, screening of additional landraces or introgression of favorable alleles from highly nutrient‐dense Indian germplasm could expedite achievement of higher densities. Genotype‐by‐environment interaction effects were significant for Fe and Zn grain densities, showing the importance of multienvironmental evaluation for identifying stable genotypes. Identified genotypes with relatively stable Fe and Zn grain densities appear suitable for use in future WCA pearl millet biofortification breeding programs.
Efficient Control of Odors and VOC Emissions via Activated Carbon Technology
Authors: Mohamed Farhana , Kim James , Huang Ruey , Nu Huong Ton , Lorenzo Vlad 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT: This research study was undertaken to enhance the efficiency and economy of carbon scrubbers in controlling odors and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at the wastewater collection and treatment facilities of the Bureau of Sanitation, City of Los Angeles. The butane activity and hydrogen sulfide breakthrough capacity of activated carbon were assessed. Air streams were measured for odorous gases and VOCs and removal efficiency (RE) determined. Carbon towers showed average to excellent removal of odorous compounds, VOCs, and siloxanes; whereas, wet scrubbers demonstrated good removal of odorous compounds but low to negative removal of VOCs. It was observed that the relative humidity and empty bed contact time are one of the most important operating parameters of carbon towers impacting the pollutant RE. Regular monitoring of activated carbon and VOCs has resulted in useful information on carbon change‐out frequency, packing recommendations, and means to improve performance of carbon towers.
Day and Night Home Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Three-Center Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Leelarathna Lalantha , Dellweg Sibylle , Mader Julia K. , Allen Janet M. , Benesch Carsten , Doll Werner , Ellmerer Martin , Hartnell Sara , Heinemann Lutz , Kojzar Harald , Michalewski Lucy , Nodale Marianna , Thabit Hood , Wilinska Malgorzata E. , Pieber Thomas R. , Arnolds Sabine , Evans Mark L. , Hovorka Roman 
Published: June 2014

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the feasibility of day and night closed-loop insulin delivery in adults with type 1 diabetes under free-living conditions.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Seventeen adults with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump therapy (means ± SD age 34 ± 9 years, HbA1c 7.6 ± 0.8%, and duration of diabetes 19 ± 9 years) participated in an open-label multinational three-center crossover study. In a random order, participants underwent two 8-day periods (first day at the clinical research facility followed by 7 days at home) of sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy (SAP) or automated closed-loop insulin delivery. The primary end point was the time when sensor glucose was in target range between 3.9 and 10.0 mmol/L during the 7-day home phase.

RESULTS
During the home phase, the percentage of time when glucose was in target range was significantly higher during closed-loop compared with SAP (median 75% [interquartile range 61–79] vs. 62% [53–70], P = 0.005). Mean glucose (8.1 vs. 8.8 mmol/L, P = 0.027) and time spent above target (P = 0.013) were lower during closed loop, while time spent below target was comparable (P = 0.339). Increased time in target was observed during both daytime (P = 0.017) and nighttime (P = 0.013).

CONCLUSIONS
Compared with SAP, 1 week of closed-loop insulin delivery at home reduces mean glucose and increases time in target without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia in adults with relatively well-controlled type 1 diabetes.
Introduction of IADPSG Criteria for the Screening and Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Results in Improved Pregnancy Outcomes at a Lower Cost in a Large Cohort of Pregnant Women: The St. Carlos Gestational Diabetes Study
Authors: Duran Alejandra , Sáenz Sofía , Torrejón María J. , Bordiú Elena , del Valle Laura , Galindo Mercedes , Perez Noelia , Herraiz Miguel A. , Izquierdo Nuria , Rubio Miguel A. , Runkle Isabelle , Pérez-Ferre Natalia , Cusihuallpa Idalia , Jiménez Sandra , García de la Torre Nuria , Fernández María D. , Montañez Carmen , Familiar Cristina , Calle-Pascual Alfonso L. 
Published: June 2014

OBJECTIVE
The use of the new International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria (IADPSGC) for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) results in an increased prevalence of GDM. Whether their introduction improves pregnancy outcomes has yet to be established. We sought to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of one-step IADPSGC for screening and diagnosis of GDM compared with traditional two-step Carpenter-Coustan (CC) criteria.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
GDM risk factors and pregnancy and newborn outcomes were prospectively assessed in 1,750 pregnant women from April 2011 to March 2012 using CC and in 1,526 pregnant women from April 2012 to March 2013 using IADPSGC between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. Both groups received the same treatment and follow-up regimes.

RESULTS
The use of IADPSGC resulted in an important increase in GDM rate (35.5% vs. 10.6%) and an improvement in pregnancy outcomes, with a decrease in the rate of gestational hypertension (4.1 to 3.5%: −14.6%, P &lt; 0.021), prematurity (6.4 to 5.7%: −10.9%, P &lt; 0.039), cesarean section (25.4 to 19.7%: −23.9%, P &lt; 0.002), small for gestational age (7.7 to 7.1%: −6.5%, P &lt; 0.042), large for gestational age (4.6 to 3.7%: −20%, P &lt; 0.004), Apgar 1-min score &lt;7 (3.8 to 3.5%: −9%, P &lt; 0.015), and admission to neonatal intensive care unit (8.2 to 6.2%: −24.4%, P &lt; 0.001). Estimated cost savings was of €14,358.06 per 100 women evaluated using IADPSGC versus the group diagnosed using CC.

CONCLUSIONS
The application of the new IADPSGC was associated with a 3.5-fold increase in GDM prevalence in our study population, as well as significant improvements in pregnancy outcomes, and was cost-effective. Our results support their adoption.
Canine stifle joint biomechanics associated with tibial plateau leveling osteotomy predicted by use of a computer model
Authors: Brown Nathan P. , Bertocci Gina E. , Marcellin-Little Denis J. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate effects of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) on canine stifle joint biomechanics in a cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL)–deficient stifle joint by use of a 3-D computer model simulating the stance phase of gait and to compare biomechanics in TPLO-managed, CrCL-intact, and CrCL-deficient stifle joints.
Sample—Computer simulations of the pelvic limb of a Golden Retriever.
Procedures—A previously developed computer model of the canine pelvic limb was used to simulate TPLO stabilization to achieve a tibial plateau angle (TPA) of 5° (baseline value) in a CrCL-deficient stifle joint. Sensitivity analysis was conducted for tibial fragment rotation of 13° to −3°. Ligament loads, relative tibial translation, and relative tibial rotation were determined and compared with values for CrCL-intact and CrCL-deficient stifle joints.
Results—TPLO with a 5° TPA converted cranial tibial translation to caudal tibial translation and increased loads placed on the remaining stifle joint ligaments, compared with results for a CrCL-intact stifle joint. Lateral collateral ligament load was similar, medial collateral ligament load increased, and caudal cruciate ligament load decreased after TPLO, compared with loads for a CrCL-deficient stifle joint. Relative tibial rotation after TPLO was similar to that of a CrCL-deficient stifle joint. Stifle joint biomechanics were affected by TPLO fragment rotation.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In the model, stifle joint biomechanics were partially improved after TPLO, compared with CrCL-deficient stifle joint biomechanics, but TPLO did not fully restore CrCL-intact stifle joint biomechanics. Overrotation of the tibial fragment negatively influenced stifle joint biomechanics by increasing caudal tibial translation.
Design Of Multivariable Fractional Order Pid Controller Using Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy
Authors: Sivananaithaperumal Sudalaiandi , Baskar Subramanian 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
This paper presents an automatic tuning of multivariable Fractional-Order Proportional, Integral and Derivative controller (FO-PID) parameters using Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMAES) algorithm. Decoupled multivariable FO-PI and FO-PID controller structures are considered. Oustaloup integer order approximation is used for the fractional integrals and derivatives. For validation, two Multi-Input Multi- Output (MIMO) distillation columns described byWood and Berry and Ogunnaike and Ray are considered for the design of multivariable FO-PID controller. Optimal FO-PID controller is designed by minimizing Integral Absolute Error (IAE) as objective function. The results of previously reported PI/PID controller are considered for comparison purposes. Simulation results reveal that the performance of FOPI and FO-PID controller is better than integer order PI/PID controller in terms of IAE. Also, CMAES algorithm is suitable for the design of FO-PI / FO-PID controller.
Ac Impedance Spectroscopy Of Al/A-Sic/C–Si(P)/Al Heterostructure under Illumination
Authors: Perný Milan , Šály Vladimír , Váry Michal , Mikolášek Miroslav , Huran Jozef , Packa Juraj 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The amorphous silicon carbide/crystalline silicon heterojunction was prepared and analyzed. The current-voltage (I − V ) measurements showed the barrier properties of prepared sample. Biased impedance spectra of Al/a-SiC/c-Si(p)/Al heterojunction under the standard illumination are reported and analyzed. AC measurements in the illuminated conditions were processed in order to identify electronic behavior using equivalent AC circuit which was suggested and obtained by fitting the measured impedance data. A phenomenon of negative capacitance/resistance in certain frequency range has been observed.
Improved Linearization of the Optimal Compression Function for Laplacian Source
Authors: Perić Zoran H. , Z–. Velimirović Lazar , Dinčić Milan R. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
In this paper, linearization of the optimal compression function is done and hierarchical coding (by coding the regions firstly and then the cells inside the region) is applied, achieving simple and fast process of coding and decoding. The signal at the entrance of the scalar quantizer is modeled by Laplacian probability density function. It is shown that the linearization of inner regions very little influences distortion and therefore only the last region should be optimized. Two methods of optimization of the last region are proposed, that improve performances of the scalar quantizer, and obtained SQNR (signal-to-quantization noise ratio) is close to that of the nonlinear optimal compression function.
Exponential Smoothing for Multi-Product Lot-Sizing With Heijunka and Varying Demand
Authors: Grimaud Frédéric , Dolgui Alexandre , Korytkowski Przemyslaw 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Here we discuss a multi-product lot-sizing problem for a job shop controlled with a heijunka box. Demand is considered as a random variable with constant variation which must be absorbed somehow by the manufacturing system, either by increased inventory or by flexibility in the production. When a heijunka concept (production leveling) is used, fluctuations in customer orders are not transferred directly to the manufacturing system allowing for a smoother production and better production capacity utilization. The problem rather is to determine a tradeoff between the variability in the production line capacity requirement and the inventory level.
Impulse Artificial Neural Networks in Internal Transport
Authors: Ochelska-Mierzejewska Joanna 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The second most important function of a warehouse, apart from the storing of goods, is internal transport with a focus on time-effectiveness. When there is a time gap between the production and export of products, the goods need to be stored until they are dispatched to the consumers. An important problem that concerns both large and small warehouses is the selection of priorities, that is handling the tasks in order of importance. Another problem is to identify the most efficient routes for forklift trucks to transport goods from a start-point to a desired destination and prevent the routes from overlapping. In automated warehouses, the transport of objects (the so called pallets of goods) is performed by machines controlled by a computer instead of a human operator. Thus, it is the computer, not the man, that makes the difficult decisions regarding parallel route planning, so that the materials are transported within the warehouse in near-optimal time. This paper presents a method for enhancing this process.