bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergies or Trade‐offs? A New Method to Quantify Synergy Between Different Dimensions of Sustainability
Authors: Luukkanen Jyrki , Vehmas Jarmo , Panula‐Ontto Juha , Allievi Francesca , Kaivo‐oja Jari , Pasanen Tytti , Auffermann Burkhard 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a new assessment tool developed for the analysis of synergies and trade‐offs between selected development trends. We suggest new quantitative measures for the concepts of synergy, trade‐off and delinking. The tool is developed to analyse the synergy between two different trends, but it can be used to analyse simultaneously the synergy between three trends representing the three different dimensions of sustainable development. The use of the tool is demonstrated with several examples from European Union countries. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Hybrid Materials Based on Smectite Clays and Nutraceutical Anthocyanins from the Açaí Fruit
Authors: Teixeira‐Neto Ângela A. , Izumi Celly M. S. , Temperini Marcia L. A. , Ferreira Ana Maria da C. , Constantino Vera R. L. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractHybrid materials were prepared by combining clay mineral (montmorillonite SWy‐2 and saponite SapCa‐1) and dyes extracted from the açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) fruit, which contains mainly anthocyanins from the 3‐glucoside class, to increase the stability of the dye and facilitate its handling and storage. Clay minerals are common ingredients in therapeutic and pharmaceutical products and açaí phytochemicals show disease prevention properties. The extract of the açaí fruit was mixed with water suspensions of layered silicates in different proportions. The dye–clay hybrids presented incorporated organic material in amounts up to 24 wt.‐%. X ray diffractometry and vibrational (FTIR and Raman) and electronic spectroscopic data showed that flavylium cations were successfully intercalated between the inorganic layers. Mass‐coupled thermogravimetric analysis (TGA‐MS) data showed a significant gain in the thermostability of the organic species in relation to anthocyanins in the extract. MS curves related to CO2 release (m/z = 44) are ascendant above 200 °C when the dye cations are confined to the inorganic structure. The radical scavenging activity of the hybrid materials was monitored by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) toward the stable radical DPPH (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl) and compared to the activity of the açaí extract. In addition to the fact that interaction with clay minerals improves the stability of the açaí dyes against heat, their properties as radical scavengers are preserved after intercalation. The improvement in the properties of the nutraceutical species by intercalation by using biocompatible inorganic structures can be valuable for human therapy.
Emerging Strategies in Infohybrid Systems
Authors: Park Dae‐Hwan , Choy Jin‐Ho 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe briefly address the recent challenges and strategies to “infohybrids” that combines hybrid science and information technology. The aspects of the infohybrid system will be discussed in terms of materials and devices used in the design and application of infohybrid systems. Furthermore, we will describe how we have innovatively approached the design and development of a systematic diagram of the infohybrid for its potential use in barcoded molecular sensing, steganographic nanoforensics, item‐level tagging identification, data storage, and even communication.
Facile Synthesis and Active Photocatalysis of Mesoporous and Microporous TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Miao Gai , Chen Lifang , Qi Zhiwen 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMorphology and crystalline‐phase control of titanium dioxide is a crucial issue in the study of photocatalytic activity. Here, we present a facile synthetic path combing the sol–gel method with solvothermal treatment to form hybrid mesoporous and microporous TiO2. The TiO2 precursor was obtained by the sol–gel method, and this was self‐assembled into mesopores and micropores by NH4F corrosiveness on the surface of TiO2 under hydrothermal conditions. Powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 adsorption measurements, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterise the titania powders. The results reveal that NH4F not only improved the formation of the crystallised anatase phase but also served as a corrosive agent modified on the surface of TiO2 precursors. Defective voids among these nanoparticles formed micropores by hydrothermal reaction of NH4F and TiO2 over a long time. When the NH4F concentration was 1.0 mol L−1, micropores became dominant,and few mesopores were obtained, and this results in a smaller average pore size. Thus, mesoporous and microporous structures were formed. Furthermore, these crystallised mesoporous and microporous anatase titania nanoparticles with uniform structure and high surface area have a higher photocatalytic activity for azo dye degradation under near UV irradiation.
Design of an Amperometric Biosensor for the Determination of Biogenic Amines Using Screen Printed Carbon Working Electrodes
Authors: Telsnig Dietlind , Kalcher Kurt , Leitner Andreas , Ortner Astrid 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAn amperometric biosensor with pea seedling amine oxidase and screen printed carbon electrode modified with MnO2 for determining biogenic amines (BAs) was designed. The bio‐component was immobilized with Nafion solution. The enzymatically produced hydrogen peroxide was determined to quantify BAs. All measurements were performed in flow injection analysis system with phosphate buffer (66 mM, pH 7.5) as mobile phase at +400 mV vs. Ag/AgCl. A linear correlation was found for cadaverine and putrescine from 1–50 µM, for tyramine and histamine from 10–300 µM respectively. The limits of detection were determined to be 0.3 µM for cadaverine and putrescine and 3.0 µM for tyramine and histamine. The sensor was used to quantify BAs in chicken meat samples.
High‐capacity peptide‐centric platform to decode the proteomic response to brain injury
Authors: Cortes Diego F. , Landis Miranda K. , Ottens Andrew K. 
Published: October 2012

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a progressive disease process underlain by dynamic and interactive biochemical mechanisms; thus, large‐scale and unbiased assessments are needed to fully understand its highly complex pathobiology. Here, we report on a new high‐capacity label‐free proteomic platform to evaluate the post‐TBI neuroproteome. Six orthogonal separation stages and data‐independent MS were employed, affording reproducible quantitative assessment on 18 651 peptides across biological replicates. From these data 3587 peptides were statistically responsive to TBI of which 18% were post‐translationally modified. Results revealed as many as 484 proteins in the post‐TBI neuroproteome, which was fully nine times the number determined from our prior study of focal cortical injury. Yet, these data were generated using 25 times less brain tissue per animal relative to former methodology, permitting greater anatomical specificity and proper biological replication for increased statistical power. Exemplified by these data, we discuss benefits of peptide‐centric differential analysis to more accurately infer novel biological findings testable in future hypothesis‐driven research. The high‐capacity label‐free proteomic platform is designed for multi‐factor studies aimed at expanding our knowledge on the molecular underpinnings of TBI and to develop better diagnostics and therapeutics.
Cyclic testing of a single bay reinforced concrete frames with various types of masonry infill
Authors: Zovkic Jurko , Sigmund Vladimir , Guljas Ivica 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a contribution of various types of masonry infill to the behaviour of reinforced concrete frames under lateral loads is presented. As a part of the bigger project, ten one‐bay, one‐storey reinforced concrete frames were designed according to the EC8, built in a scale 1:2.5, infilled with masonry and tested under constant vertical and cyclic lateral load. The masonry wall had various strength properties, namely, high strength hollow clay brick blocks, medium strength hollow clay brick blocks and low strength lightweight autoclaved aerated concrete blocks. There were no additional shear connectors between the masonry and frame. The results showed that the composite ‘framed wall’ structure had much higher stiffness, damping and initial strength than the bare frame structure. Masonry infill filled in the load capacity gap from very low (0.05%) to drifts when the frame took over (0.75%). The structures behaved as linear monolithic elements to drifts of 0.1%, reached the maximum lateral capacities at drift of 0.3%, maintained it to drifts of 0.75% and after that their behaviour depended on the frame. Masonry infill had severe damage at drift levels of about 0.75% but contributed to the overall system resistance to drifts of about 1%. At that drift level, the frame had only minor damage and was tested to drifts of about 2% without any loss of capacity. Improvement of the ‘infill provisions’ in the codes could be sought by taking into account the contribution of a common masonry that reduces expected damages by lowering the drift levels. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Derivation of new SAC/FEMA performance evaluation solutions with second‐order hazard approximation
Authors: Vamvatsikos Dimitrios 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYA novel set of SAC/FEMA‐style closed‐form expressions is presented to accurately assess structural safety under seismic action. Such solutions allow the practical evaluation of the risk integral convolving seismic hazard and structural response by using a number of idealizations to achieve a simple analytical form. The most heavily criticized approximation of the SAC/FEMA formats is the first‐order power‐law fit of the hazard curve. It results to unacceptable errors whenever the curvature of the hazard function becomes significant. Adopting a second‐order fit, instead, allows capturing the hazard curvature at the cost of necessitating new analytic forms. The new set of equations is a complete replacement of the original, enabling (a) accurate estimation of the mean annual frequency of limit‐state exceedance and (b) safety checking for specified performance objectives in a code‐compatible format. More importantly, the flexibility of higher‐order fitting guarantees a wider‐range validity of the local hazard approximation. Thus, it enables the inversion of the formulas for practically estimating the allowable demand or the required capacity to fulfill any design objective. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Obesity increases nociceptive activation of the trigeminal system
Authors: Rossi H.L. , Luu A.K.S. , DeVilbiss J.L. , Recober A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundObesity is a risk factor associated with several pain syndromes. However, the mechanisms underlying the association between obesity and pain are not known. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that obesity enhances neuronal responses to nociceptive stimulation within the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC).MethodsMale and female C57BL/6J mice were fed a high‐fat or regular diet from the time of weaning until 20 weeks of age. We then quantified neuronal activation by measuring Fos immunoreactivity within the TNC in response to a facial injection of a low dose of capsaicin (1 μg/10 μL).ResultsWe found that 0.01% capsaicin did not significantly increase Fos immunoreactivity in control mice fed a regular diet. In contrast, this low dose of capsaicin caused a 3.3‐fold increase in Fos in the TNC in obese mice (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThese results support the hypothesis that diet‐induced obesity in mice enhances nociceptive processing within the TNC. Diet‐induced obesity may be a useful model for mechanistic studies. Future studies will improve our understanding of how obesity may contribute to trigeminal pain by sensitizing the trigeminal nociceptive system.
Spinal microglial activation in rat models of neuropathic and osteoarthritic pain: An autoradiographic study using [3H]PK11195
Authors: Miller T.R. , Wetter J.B. , Jarvis M.F. , Bitner R.S. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundMicroglia serve as macrophage‐like cells in the central nervous system, and activation of microglial cells in the spinal cord may contribute to ongoing pain following peripheral trauma or nerve injury. Following pronociceptive stimulation, activated microglia exhibit increased expression of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR)/translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO).MethodsUsing radioligand binding autoradiography and filtration assays, we examined the specific binding of the PBR/TSPO ligand [3H]PK11195 in spinal cords from the following rat experimental pain models: neuropathic pain induced by spinal nerve ligation (SNL), osteoarthritic pain induced by intraarticular injection of monosodium iodoacetate in the knee joint (MIA‐OA), and subchronic inflammatory pain induced by intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA).ResultsSpecific [3H]PK11195 binding in dorsal and ventral regions of lumbar spinal cord was increased by ≥70% ipsilateral to SNL. Also, specific [3H]PK11195 binding in the ipsilateral (injured) lumbar spinal cord was increased by approximately 25% in MIA‐OA. In contrast to the data obtained in these chronic neuropathic and nociceptive pain models, specific [3H]PK11195 binding in the ipsilateral (injured) dorsal horn was elevated in only one of six CFA rats. Consistent with increased PBR/TSPO binding measured for SNL and MIA‐OA rats, increased anti‐OX‐42 immunostaining of the cell surface microglial marker CD11b was observed in the ipsilateral spinal cord from these models.ConclusionsThese studies demonstrate that [3H]PK11195 binding assays may serve as a marker of spinal microglial activation in experimental models of chronic neuropathic or osteoarthritic pain, which may be translatable to clinical research through novel applications of PBR/TSPO imaging agents.
Counselors' Attitudes Toward Domestic Violence in Same‐Sex Versus Opposite‐Sex Relationships
Authors: Banks Jamye R. , Fedewa Alicia L. 
Published: October 2012

Domestic violence is often perceived to occur only in heterosexual relationships. However, domestic violence is also prevalent in same‐sex relationships. The majority of the research indicates that counselors perceive same‐sex domestic violence differently than heterosexual domestic violence. This literature review synthesizes the research investigating attitudes toward same‐sex domestic violence.La violencia doméstica se suele percibir como un evento que ocurre solamente en las relaciones heterosexuales. Sin embargo, la violencia doméstica también es prevalente en relaciones del mismo sexo. La mayor parte de las investigaciones indican que los consejeros perciben la violencia doméstica entre personas del mismo sexo de forma diferente a como perciben la violencia doméstica heterosexual. Esta reseña de la literatura sintetiza las investigaciones que tratan sobre las actitudes hacia la violencia doméstica entre personas del mismo sexo.
Somali Women's Reflections on the Adjustment of Their Children in the United States
Authors: Nilsson Johanna E. , Barazanji Danah M. , Heintzelman Ashley , Siddiqi Mubeena , Shilla Yasmine 
Published: October 2012

Somali women were interviewed regarding their children's adjustment. Qualitative analysis revealed 5 themes: cultural comparisons, concerns about children, parents' loss of disciplinary authority, available support, and the future. The women discussed changes in their children, such as loss of respect and threats to use law enforcement against parents. They also discussed their loss of parental authority and the lack of support from U.S. institutions. Implications for schools and mental health professionals are presented.Se entrevistó a mujeres Somalíes con respecto a la adaptación de sus hijos. Los análisis cualitativos revelaron 5 temas: comparaciones culturales, preocupaciones sobre los niños, la pérdida de autoridad disciplinaria de los padres, apoyo disponible y el futuro. Las mujeres hablaron sobre los cambios en sus hijos, como la pérdida de respeto y las amenazas de usar las fuerzas del orden contra sus padres. También hablaron de la pérdida de su autoridad paterna y la falta de apoyo por parte de las instituciones de los Estados Unidos. Se presentan las implicaciones para escuelas y profesionales de la salud mental.
A close examination of healthcare expenditures related to fractures
Authors: Kilgore Meredith L , Curtis Jeffrey R , Delzell Elizabeth , Becker David J , Arora Tarun , Saag Kenneth G , Morrisey Michael A 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
This study evaluated reasons for healthcare expenditures both before and after the occurrence of fractures among Medicare beneficiaries. In a previous study we examined healthcare expenditures in the 6 months before and after fractures. The difference—“incremental” expenditures—provides one estimate of the potentially avoidable costs associated with fractures. We constructed a second estimate of the cost burden—“attributable” expenditures—using only those costs recorded in claims with fracture diagnosis codes. Attributable expenditures accounted for only 24% to 60% of incremental expenditures, depending on the fracture site. We examined health care expenditures between 1999 and 2005 among Medicare beneficiaries who experienced fractures (cases) and among beneficiaries who did not experience fractures (controls), matched to cases on age, race, and sex. We also examined healthcare expenditures for cases and controls for 24 months prior to the fracture index date. When expenditures associated with diagnoses for aftercare, joint pain, and osteoporosis, other musculoskeletal diagnoses, pneumonia, and pressure ulcers were included, the proportion of incremental costs directly attributable to fracture care rose to 72% to 88%. Expenditures prior to fracture were higher for cases than controls, and the rate of increase accelerated over the 12 months prior to the hip fracture. Our findings confirm that the original incremental cost analysis constituted a satisfactory method for estimating avoidable costs associated with fractures. We also conclude that those with fractures had much higher and growing healthcare expenditures in the 12 months prior to the event, compared with age-, race-, and sex-matched controls. This suggests that patterns of healthcare services utilization may provide a means to improve fracture prediction rules. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Van Buchem disease: Clinical, biochemical, and densitometric features of patients and disease carriers
Authors: van Lierop Antoon H , Hamdy Neveen AT , van Egmond Martje E , Bakker Egbert , Dikkers Freek G , Papapoulos Socrates E 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Van Buchem disease (VBD) is a rare bone sclerosing dysplasia caused by the lack of a regulatory element of the SOST gene, which encodes for sclerostin, an osteocyte-derived negative regulator of bone formation. We studied the demographic, clinical, biochemical, and densitometric features of 15 patients with VBD (12 adults and 3 children) and 28 related carriers of the gene mutation. The most common clinical findings in patients were facial palsy (100%) and various degrees of hearing impairment (93%); raised intracranial pressure had been documented in 20%. The clinical course of the disease appeared to stabilize in adulthood, with the majority of patients reporting no progression of symptoms or development of complications with time. Carriers of the disease had none of the clinical features or complications of the disease. Sclerostin could be detected in the serum in all but 1 VBD patients (mean 8.0 pg/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.9–11.0 pg/mL), and were lower than those of carriers (mean 28.7 pg/mL; 95% CI, 24.5–32.9 pg/mL; p &lt; 0.001) and healthy controls (mean 40.0 pg/mL; 95% CI, 34.5–41.0 pg/mL; p &lt; 0.). Serum procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) levels were also significantly higher in adult patients (mean 96.0; 95% CI, 54.6–137.4 ng/mL versus mean 47.8; 95% CI, 39.4–56.2 ng/mL, p = 0.003 in carriers and mean 37.8; 95% CI, 34.5–41.0 ng/mL, p = 0.028 in healthy controls) and declined with age. Bone mineral density (BMD) was markedly increased in all patients (mean Z-score 8.7 ± 2.1 and 9.5 ± 1.9 at the femoral neck and spine, respectively); BMD of carriers was significantly lower than that of patients but varied widely (mean Z-scores 0.9 ± 1.0 and 1.3 ± 1.5 at the femoral neck and spine, respectively). Serum sclerostin levels were inversely correlated with serum P1NP levels (r = –0.39, p = 0.018) and BMD values (femoral neck r = –0.69, p &lt; 0.001; lumbar spine r = –0.78, p &lt; 0.001). Our results show that there is a gene-dose effect of the VBD deletion on circulating sclerostin and provide further in vivo evidence of the role of sclerostin in bone formation in humans. The small amounts of sclerostin produced by patients with VBD may explain their milder phenotype compared to that of patients with sclerosteosis, in whom serum sclerostin is undetectable. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.