bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms 24 Months Following Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Avis N , Levine B , Case D , Naftalis E , Van Zee K 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The majority of studies on depression among cancer survivors report means or percentages which obscure the heterogeneity of women's responses to cancer. Trajectory analysis provides a more nuanced picture of different patterns of response. Purpose: To identify, in a large sample of breast cancer survivors, distinct groups of women exhibiting different patterns (trajectories) of depressive symptoms up to 24 months following a breast cancer diagnosis, and to identify characteristics associated with these patterns. Methods: 653 women within 8 months of initial breast cancer diagnosis completed questionnaires at baseline and 6, 12, and 18 months after baseline on contextual/patient characteristics, symptoms, and psychosocial variables. Chart reviews provided cancer and treatment-related data. The primary outcome was depressive symptomatology assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Finite mixture modeling was used to identify trajectories of depressive symptoms. Results: Based on a combination of the Bayesian Information Criterion and observation of trajectory distinctiveness, a 6-trajectory model was chosen. Almost half of the sample had a consistently very low (3.8%) or low (46%) level of depressive symptoms over time that was well below the traditional BDI cut-point of 10 thought to be indicative of clinically significant depression; 29.8% had a consistently borderline BDI score that hovered around 10; 12.1% had initially high BDI, but showed a decline over time; 7.2% showed an increased BDI over time; and a small but distinct group (1.2%) reported a chronically high BDI above 25. Women in the lower depressive symptom groups were older, had fewer physical symptoms (fatigue and pain), less rigorous chemotherapy, and lower levels of illness intrusiveness. Additional analyses also showed that to some degree, illness intrusiveness, pain, and social support scores over time paralleled BDI trajectories. Conclusions: Trajectory analysis allowed us to detect heterogeneity among women in reporting depressive symptoms following a breast cancer diagnosis. Our larger sample size identified more trajectories than other smaller studies. Mean levels of various characteristics at baseline and over time were identified that were significantly associated with each trajectory.
Neighborhood and Geographic Factors Associated with Diagnostic Resolution After an Abnormal Breast or Cervical Cancer Screening Test Among Women Enrolled in a Patient Navigator Program
Authors: Plascak J , Llanos AA , Pennell M , Weier RC , Paskett ED 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
This study's aim was to assess the associations between neighborhood and geographic factors and diagnostic resolution within 12 months following an abnormal screening test for breast or cervical cancer among participants of the Ohio Patient Navigator Research Program. Methods: Patient (demographic, psychosocial, and socioeconomic status [SES]) and neighborhood (SES, racial segregation, healthcare access) factors of 776 women attending one of 16 clinics and living in one of 285 census tracts in greater Columbus, Ohio were examined. Women were randomized at the clinic level to determine receipt of the navigation intervention. Multilevel logistic regression was used to estimate associations between these factors and diagnostic resolution while controlling for clinic and neighborhood clustering. Spatial analysis assessed the presence of geographic disparities (i.e., regions of significantly high odds of not resolving). Results: After adjustment for individual-level SES and the receipt of the clinic-level navigation intervention, there was a significant inverse association between neighborhood-level percent of residents without a bachelor's degree and odds of diagnostic resolution (odds ratio = 0.79, 95% confidence interval = 0.63–0.98). Adjustment for neighborhood percent of residents without a bachelor's degree accounted for geographic disparities in diagnostic resolution. Racial segregation, home-to-clinic distance and PN were not associated with odds of resolution. Conclusions: Women were more likely to have diagnostically resolved 12 months following an abnormal breast or cervical cancer screening test if they lived in neighborhoods of higher SES. Geographic disparities in diagnostic resolution could be reduced if there was no variation in neighborhood SES.
Burden of Sudden Cardiac Death in Persons Aged 1 to 49 Years
Authors: Risgaard Bjarke , Winkel Bo Gregers , Jabbari Reza , Behr Elijah R. , Ingemann-Hansen Ole , Thomsen Jørgen Lange , Ottesen Gyda Lolk , Gislason Gunnar H. , Bundgaard Henning , Haunsø Stig , Holst Anders Gaarsdal , Tfelt-Hansen Jacob 
Published: March 2014

Background—
Knowledge of the burden and causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is sparse in persons aged <50 years; better understanding is needed to lower the risk of SCD. The aim of this study was to report SCD incidence rates and autopsy findings in persons aged 1 to 49 years.

Methods and Results—
All deaths in persons aged 1 to 49 years were included in 2007 to 2009. Death certificates were reviewed by 2 physicians. History of previous admissions to hospital was assessed, and discharge summaries were read. Sudden unexpected death cases were identified and autopsy reports were collected. In the 3-year study period, there were 7849 deaths of which we identified 893 (11%) SCD cases. The annual incidence rate per 100 000 persons increased from 2.3 (95% confidence interval, 2.0–2.7) to 21.7 (95% confidence interval, 20.2–23.4) in persons aged 1 to 35 and 36 to 49 years, respectively. Coronary artery disease was the most common cause of death and was found in 158 (36%) autopsied cases, followed by 135 (31%) cases of sudden unexplained death.

Conclusions—
In a nationwide cohort of persons aged <50 years, the annual incidence rate of SCD was ≈10× higher in persons aged 36 to 49 years than in persons aged 1 to 35 years. Notably, coronary artery disease was the most common cause of SCD, followed by unexplained deaths. These findings may help in developing strategies to prevent SCD in the future.
Childhood socio-economic status and ethnic disparities in psychosocial outcomes in New Zealand
Authors: Marie Dannette , Fergusson David M , Boden Joseph M 
Published: March 2014

Objective: The present study examined the extent to which childhood socio-economic status (SES) could account for differences in adult psychosocial outcomes between Māori and non-Māori individuals in a birth cohort of more than 1000 individuals studied to age 30. Methods: Data were gathered on three measures of childhood SES (family SES, family living standards, family income) and adult psychosocial outcomes including mental health, substance use, criminal offending, and education/welfare dependence outcomes, as part of a longitudinal study of a New Zealand birth cohort (the Christchurch Health and Development Study). Results: Those reporting Māori ethnicity had significantly ( p < 0.0001) poorer scores on the three measures of childhood SES, with estimates of Cohen’s d indicating a moderate effect size. Māori cohort members also had significantly ( p < 0.05) greater rates of adverse psychosocial outcomes in adulthood. Controlling for childhood SES reduced the magnitude of the ethnic differences in psychosocial outcomes, but did not fully explain the differences between Māori and non-Māori. Adjustment for childhood SES had the strongest effect on education/welfare dependence, but weaker effects on mental health, substance use, and criminal offending. Conclusions: Improvements in SES among Māori in New Zealand may, to some extent, ameliorate the long standing disparities in psychosocial well-being between Māori and non-Māori. However, efforts to improve Māori well-being will require an approach that moves beyond a sole focus on rectifying socio-economic disadvantage.
Integrating Palliative Care into Critical Care
Authors: Hsu-Kim Cynthia , Friedman Tara , Gracely Edward , Gasperino James 
Published: March 2014

Background: Many terminally ill patients experience an increasing intensity of medical care, an escalation frequently not consistent with their preferences. In 2009, formal palliative care consultation (PCC) was integrated into our medical intensive care unit (ICU). We hypothesized that significant differences in clinical and economic outcomes exist between ICU patients who received PCC and those who did not. Methods: We reviewed ICU admissions between July and October 2010, identified 41 patients who received PCC, and randomly selected 80 patients who did not. We measured clinical outcomes and economic variables associated with patients’ ICU courses. Results: Patients in the PCC group were older (average 64 years, standard deviation [SD] 19.2 vs 55.6 years, SD 14.5; P = .021) and sicker (median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV score 85.5, interquartile range [IQR] 60.5-107.5 vs 60, IQR 39.2-74.75; P < .001) than the non-PCC controls. PCC patients received significantly more total days of ICU care on average (8 days, IQR 4-15 vs 4 days, IQR 2-7; P < .001), had more ICU admissions, and were more likely to die during their ICU stay (64.3% vs 12.5%, P < .001). Median total hospital charges per patient attributable to ICU care were higher in the PCC group than in the controls (US$315,493, IQR US$156,470-US$486,740 vs US$116,934, IQR US$54,750-US$288,660; P < .001). After we adjusted for ICU length of stay, we found that median ICU charges per day per patient did not differ significantly between the groups (US$37,463, IQR US$27,429-US$56,230 vs US$41,332, IQR US$30,149-US$63,288; P = .884). Median time to PCC during the ICU stay was 7 days (IQR 2-14.5 days). Conclusions: Patients who received PCC had higher disease acuity, longer ICU lengths of stay, and higher ICU mortality than controls. “Trigger” programs in the ICU may improve utilization of PCC services, improve patient comfort, and reduce invasive, often futile end-of-life care.
Transition Services for Youth With Autism
Authors: Westbrook John D. , Fong Carlton J. , Nye Chad , Williams Ann , Wendt Oliver , Cortopassi Tara 
Published: March 2014

Purpose As the number of individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) rises, attention is increasingly focused on employment outcomes for individuals with ASD who are exiting public school settings. This review aimed to identify what works in transition programs to help students with ASD obtain competitive employment after graduation. Method Authors combed through the literature to find all research that could definitively identify interventions that predictably led to employment for transitioning youth. Results: While no definitive conclusions can be drawn based upon the current review, the authors identified qualitative research that addressed elements of potential successful employment placements for individuals with ASD. Discussion Future research efforts are needed to develop studies that utilize rigorous experimental designs to determine the relative effectiveness of the various interventions being utilized in transition programming for students with ASD. This review is published in its entirety in the Campbell Collaboration Library of Systematic Reviews.
Predicting Plasma Glucose From Interstitial Glucose Observations Using Bayesian Methods
Authors: Hansen Alexander Hildenbrand , Duun-Henriksen Anne Katrine , Juhl Rune , Schmidt Signe , Nørgaard Kirsten , Jørgensen John Bagterp , Madsen Henrik 
Published: March 2014

Background: One way of constructing a control algorithm for an artificial pancreas is to identify a model capable of predicting plasma glucose (PG) from interstitial glucose (IG) observations. Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) make it possible to account both for the unknown influence of the continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and for unknown physiological influences. Combined with prior knowledge about the measurement devices, this approach can be used to obtain a robust predictive model. Method: A stochastic-differential-equation-based gray box (SDE-GB) model is formulated on the basis of an identifiable physiological model of the glucoregulatory system for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. A Bayesian method is used to estimate robust parameters from clinical data. The models are then used to predict PG from IG observations from 2 separate study occasions on the same patient. Results: First, all statistically significant diffusion terms of the model are identified using likelihood ratio tests, yielding inclusion of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]. Second, estimates using maximum likelihood are obtained, but prediction capability is poor. Finally a Bayesian method is implemented. Using this method the identified models are able to predict PG using only IG observations. These predictions are assessed visually. We are also able to validate these estimates on a separate data set from the same patient. Conclusions: This study shows that SDE-GBs and a Bayesian method can be used to identify a reliable model for prediction of PG using IG observations obtained with a CGM. The model could eventually be used in an artificial pancreas.
Single-incision versus conventional laparoscopic appendectomy: A case-match study
Authors: Joliat Gaëtan-Romain , Uldry Emilie , Demartines Nicolas , Schäfer Markus 
Published: March 2014

Background: Three-port laparoscopic appendectomy is considered standard in many countries for the surgical treatment of acute appendicitis. Single-incision laparoscopic technique has been recently introduced and is supposed to minimize the aggression induced by surgery. Regarding appendectomy, comparison with standard laparoscopy, benefits and drawbacks of this novel technique remain to be evaluated. The goal of this study was to assess single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy compared to conventional laparoscopic appendectomy in terms of operation time, length of hospital stay, complication rate, and postoperative antibiotherapy rate. Methods: From February 2011 to December 2011, single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy was proposed to patients admitted to the emergency room of the University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland), diagnosed with uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Preoperative patients’ information, technical difficulties during the operation, and postoperative follow-ups were recorded. Every patient who underwent single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy (n = 20) was matched 1:3 conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (n = 60), controlling for age, gender, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and histopathological findings. Results: No statistically significant differences for median operation time, length of hospital stay, complication rate, and need for postoperative antibiotherapy were found. In 5 out of 20 single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy patients the Endoloop® Ligature was judged difficult to put in place. Conclusion: This study suggests that single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy is a feasible and effective operative technique for uncomplicated acute appendicitis.
Transglutaminase 2: a new player in bronchopulmonary dysplasia?
Authors: Witsch Thilo J. , Niess Gero , Sakkas Elpidoforos , Likhoshvay Tatyana , Becker Simone , Herold Susanne , Mayer Konstantin , Vadász István , Roberts Jesse D. , Seeger Werner , Morty Rory E. 
Published: March 2014

Aberrant remodelling of the extracellular matrix in the developing lung may underlie arrested alveolarisation associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Transglutaminases are regulators of extracellular matrix remodelling. Therefore, the expression and activity of transglutaminases were assessed in lungs from human neonates with BPD and in a rodent model of BPD.Transglutaminase expression and localisation were assessed by RT-PCR, immunoblotting, activity assay and immunohistochemical analyses of human and mouse lung tissues. Transglutaminase regulation by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β was investigated in lung cells by luciferase-based reporter assay and RT-PCR. TGF-β signalling was neutralisedin vivoin an animal model of BPD, to determine whether TGF-β mediated the hyperoxia-induced changes in transglutaminase expression.Transglutaminase 2 expression was upregulated in the lungs of preterm infants with BPD and in the lungs of hyperoxia-exposed mouse pups, where lung development was arrested. Transglutaminase 2 localised to the developing alveolar septa. TGF-β was identified as a regulator of transglutaminase 2 expression in human and mouse lung epithelial cells.In vivoneutralisation of TGF-β signalling partially restored normal lung structure and normalised lung transglutaminase 2 mRNA expression.Our data point to a role for perturbed transglutaminase 2 activity in the arrested alveolarisation associated with BPD.
Neutrophil extracellular traps in bronchial aspirates: a quantitative analysis
Authors: Hamaguchi Shigeto , Hirose Tomoya , Matsumoto Naoya , Akeda Yukihiro , Irisawa Taro , Seki Masafumi , Hosotsubo Hideo , Yamamoto Kouji , Tasaki Osamu , Oishi Kazunori , Shimazu Takeshi , Tomono Kazunori 
Published: March 2014

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are structures composed of DNA and granular proteins, which rapidly trap and kill pathogens. The formation of NETs has been detected during infection in animal experiments, but their role in humans is unclear. The purposes of this study were to quantitatively evaluate the production of NETs during acute respiratory infection and to study the relationship between the NET length and various inflammatory mediators.We examined bronchial aspirates collected from nine intubated patients in an intensive care unit. Samples were collected at the onset of acute respiratory infection (day 0) and on days 1, 3–5, and 6–8. The NET length was visualised by immunohistochemistry and quantified using computer tracing software.The NET length was measured and compared at each time point. The length differed significantly between time points (p<0.001). NETs were significantly longer on day 1 than on day 0 (p<0.001). Neutrophils released NETs abundantly in response to respiratory infection and regression analysis showed that NET length correlated with six clinical parameters (white blood cells, platelets, lactate, CXC ligand-2, interleukin-8, and procalcitonin) as the explanatory variables.NETs in bronchial aspirates may reflect disease progression of respiratory infections. Quantification of NETs in bronchial aspirates may provide a new indicator of inflammation.
Specific inhalation challenge in the diagnosis of occupational asthma: consensus statement
Authors: Vandenplas Olivier , Suojalehto Hille , Aasen Tor B. , Baur Xaver , Burge P. Sherwood , de Blay Frederic , Fishwick David , Hoyle Jennifer , Maestrelli Piero , Muñoz Xavier , Moscato Gianna , Sastre Joaquin , Sigsgaard Torben , Suuronen Katri , Walusiak-Skorupa Jolanta , Cullinan Paul ,   the ERS Task Force on Specific Inhalation Challenges with Occupational Agents
Published: March 2014

This consensus statement provides practical recommendations for specific inhalation challenge (SIC) in the diagnosis of occupational asthma. They are derived from a systematic literature search, a census of active European centres, a Delphi conference and expert consensus. This article details each step of a SIC, including safety requirements, techniques for delivering agents, and methods for assessing and interpreting bronchial responses. The limitations of the procedure are also discussed.Testing should only be carried out in hospitals where physicians and healthcare professionals have appropriate expertise. Tests should always include a control challenge, a gradual increase of exposure to the suspected agent, and close monitoring of the patient during the challenge and for at least 6 h afterwards. In expert centres, excessive reactions provoked by SIC are rare.A positive response is defined by a fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s ≥15% from baseline. Equivocal reactions can sometimes be clarified by finding changes in nonspecific bronchial responsiveness, sputum eosinophils or exhaled nitric oxide. The sensitivity and specificity of SIC are high but not easily quantified, as the method is usually used as the reference standard for the diagnosis of occupational asthma.
Value distribution of q-difference differential polynomials of entire functions
Authors: Xu Na , Cao Ting-Bin , Liu Kai 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
For a complex value

q
≠
0
,
1

, and a transcendental entire function

f
(
z
)

with order,

0
<
σ
(
f
)
<
∞

, we study the value distribution of q-difference differential polynomials

[

f
n

(
z
)
(
f
(
q
z
)
−
f
(
z
)
)
]

(
k
)

and

[
f
(
z
)
f
(
q
z
)
]

(
k
)

.

MSC:30D35, 39A05.
Main trends of modernization of administrative education(formation)
Authors: Годин  , Godin Vladimir 
Published: March 2014

Major current trends in education development are considered. Various issues of modernizing managerial
education towards mass-scale involvement, internationalization and computerization are discussed.
Promising models of higher educational institution functioning are analyzed. Features of innovative
educational projects in the field of managerial education are outlined. Certain lines of activities, aimed
at creating new educational space for the innovative higher educational institution, are proposed. The
author shares the experience, gained by the State University of Management, in the field of implementing
innovations.
Public Administration as the Branch of Scientifi c Knowledge and the Study Field
Authors: Гимазова  , Gimazova Yuliya 
Published: March 2014

The paper outlines the main achievements of the Department of Public Administration and Political
Technologies of the State University of Management in the field of methodology and teaching methods of the
&#34;Public Administration&#34; study field. Promising theoretic and methodological findings are highlighted as well
as deep insights of the department pedagogical staff in teaching “Public Administration” as a field of study.
Therefore, the author states, it is justified to position the Department as a national leader and a prospective
international partner in the field of teaching the Public administration course.
Options and Prospects of Conceptual Approach Development for Managing Integrated Business Structures
Authors: Мальчевский  , Malchevskiy A. , Афанасьев  , Afanasev Valentin 
Published: March 2014

Application of new methods for managing large-scale integrated structures are considered as exemplified
by the bank holding company. The factors urging the use of new approaches are highlighted. The author
gives solid ground for options and prospects for development of conceptual approach, ensuring consistency
of goals and enhancing integration of a holding company’s components.