bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Movement Patterns and Size‐Class Influence Entrainment Susceptibility of Lake Sturgeon in a Small Hydroelectric Reservoir
Authors: McDougall C. A. , Blanchfield P. J. , Peake S. J. , Anderson W. G. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractHydroelectric development is considered a threat to the recovery of Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens populations, in part because of injury and mortality concerns caused by interaction with hydroelectric facilities. Lake Sturgeon resident in small impoundments may be particularly susceptible to entrainment, depending on movement and habitat usage patterns. Using acoustic telemetry, we monitored coarse‐scale movements of 99 juvenile, subadult and adult Lake Sturgeon captured throughout a 10‐km‐long hydroelectric reservoir. Overall, adults moved over larger ranges than did smaller size‐classes. However, all size‐classes utilized habitat immediately upstream of hydroelectric facilities, and during the 18‐month study period, 27% of subadults tagged in the lowermost section of the reservoir, and 8.7% of adults tagged throughout the reservoir were entrained. Movements of juveniles and subadults were generally restricted to extended sections (2–6 km) of contiguous deepwater habitat (>15 m), and passage through the two shallow river narrows that subdivide the reservoir were rare. Over half of the tagged adults (52%) moved upstream or downstream through one or both river narrows, albeit infrequently. Initial residency influenced entrainment susceptibility for juveniles and subadults but not for adults. Results suggest that Lake Sturgeon resident in small impoundments are susceptible to entrainment. However, the presence of river narrows, which function as natural movement restrictors, may largely preclude susceptibility of juveniles and subadults resident in upstream sections.
Pregabalin Rectifies Aberrant Brain Chemistry, Connectivity, and Functional Response in Chronic Pain Patients
Authors: Harris Richard E. , Napadow Vitaly , Huggins John P. , Pauer Lynne , Kim Jieun , Hampson Johnson , Sundgren Pia C. , Foerster Bradley , Petrou Myria , Schmidt-Wilcke Tobias , Clauw Daniel J. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background:
Chronic pain remains a significant challenge for modern health care as its pathologic mechanisms are largely unknown and preclinical animal models suffer from limitations in assessing this complex subjective experience. However, human brain neuroimaging techniques enable the assessment of functional and neurochemical alterations in patients experiencing chronic pain and how these factors may dynamically change with pharmacologic treatment.

Methods:
To identify the clinical action of pregabalin, a proven analgesic, the authors performed three complementary brain neuroimaging procedures: (proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging) in 17 chronic pain patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia.

Results:
The authors found that pregabalin but not placebo reduces combined glutamate + glutamine levels within the posterior insula (pregabalin P = 0.016; placebo P = 0.71). Interestingly, reductions in clinical pain were associated with reductions in brain connectivity of this structure to brain regions within the default mode network during pregabalin (r = 0.82; P = 0.001) but not placebo (r = −0.13; P = 0.63). Response of default mode network regions to experimental pain was also reduced with pregabalin (P = 0.018) but not placebo (P = 0.182). Perhaps most importantly, baseline values for all three neuroimaging markers predicted subsequent analgesic response to pregabalin but not placebo.

Conclusions:
The results of this study suggest that pregabalin works in part by reducing insular glutamatergic activity, leading to a reduction of the increased functional connectivity seen between brain regions in chronic pain states. The study also supports a role for human brain imaging in the development, assessment, and personalized use of central-acting analgesics.
Feasibility of Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Extracellular Matrix Scaffold for Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: Tang Cheng , Xu Yan , Jin Chengzhe , Min Byoung‐Hyun , Li Zhiyong , Pei Xuan , Wang Liming 
Published: November 2013

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) materials are widely used in cartilage tissue engineering. However, the currentECMmaterials are unsatisfactory for clinical practice as most of them are derived from allogenous or xenogenous tissue. This study was designed to develop a novel autologousECMscaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. The autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell–derivedECM(aBMSC‐dECM) membrane was collected and fabricated into a three‐dimensional porous scaffold via cross‐linking and freeze‐drying techniques. Articular chondrocytes were seeded into theaBMSC‐dECMscaffold and atelocollagen scaffold, respectively. An in vitro culture and an in vivo implantation in nude mice model were performed to evaluate the influence on engineered cartilage. The current results showed that theaBMSC‐dECMscaffold had a good microstructure and biocompatibility. After 4 weeks in vitro culture, the engineered cartilage in theaBMSC‐dECMscaffold group formed thicker cartilage tissue with more homogeneous structure and higher expressions of cartilaginous gene and protein compared with the atelocollagen scaffold group. Furthermore, the engineered cartilage based on theaBMSC‐dECMscaffold showed better cartilage formation in terms of volume and homogeneity, cartilage matrix content, and compressive modulus after 3 weeks in vivo implantation. These results indicated that theaBMSC‐dECMscaffold could be a successful novel candidate scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering.
Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) membrane recruitment 3, a member of the APC membrane recruitment family of APC‐binding proteins, is a positive regulator of Wnt–β‐catenin signalling
Authors: Brauburger Katharina , Akyildiz Senem , Ruppert Jan G. , Graeb Michael , Bernkopf Dominic B. , Hadjihannas Michel V. , Behrens Jürgen 
Published: November 2013

The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) membrane recruitment (Amer) family proteins Amer1/Wilms tumour gene on the X chromosome and Amer2 are binding partners of the APC tumour suppressor protein, and act as negative regulators in the Wnt signalling cascade. So far, nothing has been known about the third member of the family, Amer3. Here we show that Amer3 binds to the armadillo repeat domain of APC, similarly to Amer1 and Amer2. Amer3 also binds to the Wnt pathway regulator conductin/axin2. Furthermore, we identified Amer1 as binding partner of Amer3. Whereas Amer1 and Amer2 are linked to the plasma membrane by an N‐terminal membrane localization domain, Amer3 lacks this domain. Amer3 localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleus of epithelial cells, and this is dependent on specific nuclear import and export sequences. Functionally, exogenous Amer3 enhances the expression of a β‐catenin/T‐cell factor‐dependent reporter gene, and knockdown of endogenous Amer3 reduces Wnt target gene expression in colorectal cancer cells. Thus, Amer3 acts as an activator of Wnt signalling, in contrast to Amer1 and Amer2, which are inhibitors, suggesting a nonredundant role of Amer proteins in the regulation of this pathway. Our data, together with those of previous studies, provide a comprehensive picture of similarities and differences within the Amer protein family.Structured digital abstract

AMER3 physically interacts with APC by two hybrid (1, 2).

AMER3 physically interacts with APC by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (1, 2, 3).

APC physically interacts with AMER3 by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction).

AMER3 physically interacts with APC, AMER1 and Conductin by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction).

AMER3 physically interacts with AMER1 by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (1, 2).

AMER3 and APC colocalize by fluorescence microscopy (View interaction).

Conductin physically interacts with AMER3 by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction).

APC physically interacts with AMER2 by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction).

Conductin physically interacts with AMER3 by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (1, 2).

AMER1 and AMER3 colocalize by fluorescence microscopy (View interaction).

APC physically interacts with AMER1 by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (View interaction).
Measuring global oral proficiency in SLA research: A new elicited imitation test of L2 Chinese
Authors: Wu Shu‐Ling , Ortega Lourdes 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis article describes a new Chinese Elicited Imitation Test (EIT) and reports on a study that investigated the degree to which it functions as a tool that can be used in second language acquisition research to gauge global second language (L2) oral proficiency. Eighty L2 Chinese learners, sampled from two university curricular levels so as to represent high and low linguistic abilities and including both heritage and foreign language learners, participated in the study by completing the EIT as well as an oral narrative task and a background questionnaire. The results suggest that the new Chinese EIT can help measure overall oral linguistic proficiency in L2 Chinese for a variety of research purposes.
Primary and rescue immune tolerance induction in children and adults: a multicentre international study with a VWF‐containing plasma‐derived FVIII concentrate
Authors: Oldenburg J. , Jiménez‐Yuste V. , Peiró‐Jordán R. , Aledort L. M. , Santagostino E. 
Published: November 2013

SummaryMost studies on immune tolerance induction (ITI) therapy in haemophilia A patients are focused on primary ITI in children. Here we report on the ITI outcome in a large retrospective cohort, including adults and patients with rescue ITI, treated with a pdFVIII/VWF concentrate. Retrospective data from haemophilic patients (FVIII< 2%) with inhibitors from 22 centres in Spain, Italy and Germany, who underwent primary or rescue ITI with pdFVIII/VWF concentrate, were collected. Complete success (CS), partial success (PS) and failure were defined based on the criteria of the consensus recommendations of the 2006 International ITI Workshop. A total of 41 cases of primary ITI (32 children and 9 adults) and 19 cases of rescue ITI (17 children and 2 adults) were evaluated. Success (CS+PS) rate of 87% was achieved in primary ITI and 74% in the higher risk profile of rescue ITI. Eight of nine (85%) patients with poorest prognosis (three or more of the known risk factors of poor response to ITI) achieved success (CS+PS). CS of 100% was observed in eight primary ITI patients with titre at start of ITI ≤2.5 BU and inhibitor peak ≤25 BU. The favourable response rates in primary and rescue ITI in children and in adult patients, even in the presence of poor prognostic factors, should be encouraged for broadening the indication of immune tolerance therapy in haemophilia A patients with inhibitors.
Social determinants and health‐related dimensions of quality of life in adult patients with haemophilia
Authors: Dolatkhah R. , Fakhari A. , Pezeshki M. Z. , Shabanlouei R. , Tavassoli N. , Gholchin M. 
Published: November 2013

SummaryThe availability of safe and effective factor replacement therapies, in persons with haemophilia (PWH), has in some countries answered the basic need for treatment of these patients. The findings suggest that adult patients who have always been on prophylaxis reported significantly better physical functioning, and thus better quality of life. This study is designed to evaluate the QoL in adult PWH, by focusing on social determinants of QoL and their relationship with health‐related dimensions, in Tabriz, Iran. The survey instrument was a self‐report 36 items questionnaire, ‘A36 Hemofilia – QoL’, which is a disease‐specific questionnaire for the assessment of the health‐related QoL in adults living with haemophilia. A total of 100 haemophilia A and B patients, aged over 17 years participated in this study within 1 year. QoL total score was 71.88 (±26.89 SD). Patients who treat in our Hemophilia Treatment Center, had better QoL score (P = 0.000), and education has a significant impact on the social aspects of QoL (P = 0.18). The QoL was very poor in urban area in contrast to patients who lived in the city (54.45 vs. 74.21 respectively). Single patients have a better QoL than married patients (76.56 vs. 68.50 respectively). Our results showed that low education and lack of awareness of the diseases among PWH lead to reduce of QoL and more disease complications. More and wider treatment and psychological care for improving quality of life of these patients are seriously recommended.
Peripheral blood T lymphocytes in systemic vasculitis: increased T cell receptor Vβ2 gene usage in microscopic polyarteritis
Authors: SIMPSON I J , SKINNER M A , GEURSEN A , PEAKE J S , ABBOTT W G , FRASER J D , LOCKWOOD C M , TAN P L J 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYAntigen recognition by T lymphocytes is mediated by cell surface receptors. T cell specificity depends on the variable, diversity and junctional (VDJ) regions of the α and β polypeptide chains of the T cell receptor (TCR). The expression of the variable region genes of the β chain (Vβ) has been analysed to study the involvement of peripheral blood T cells in systemic vasculitis. RNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes of 12 patients with microscopic polyarteritis, 10 with Wegener's granulomatosis, six with unclassified vasculitis, and 28 healthy age- and sex-matched individuals. Complementary DNA was made from RNA and amplified by the anchored polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using redundant oligonucleotide primers for the TCR Vβ genes. To determine if the dominant usage of a Vβ gene family reflected the presence of particular T cell clones, cDNA was amplified with primers for the specific Vβ gene family. The product was screened for sequence homogeneity by single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and cloned to sequence the adjoining TCR (Dβ)Jβ region. A significant increase in the mean percentage expression of the Vβ 2.1 gene was seen in vasculitis patients (11·4+1·0% (mean + s.e.m.)) compared with controls (6·6 + 0·6%; P &lt; 0·003). The most marked increase was seen in microscopic polyarteritis (13·9 + 1·7%; P &lt; 0·0001). There were also increases in the expression of Vβ3, 13 and 14 in peripheral blood of vasculitis patients compared with controls. SSCP analysis of Vβ 2.1 amplified products indicated the presence of oligoclonal bands in a smaller proportion of patients (8/27) than controls (12/28). There was no strong evidence for the conservation of the TCR Vβ 2.1 junctional region sequence data from a sample group of three patients with oligoclonal bands. Thus, a subset of patients with systemic vasculitis, particularly those with microscopic polyarteritis, have increased TCR Vβ 2.1 gene expression in their peripheral blood T cell repertoire. As superantigens binding Vβ 2.1 are postulated to activate T cells with diverse CDR3 sequences, it is proposed that a superantigen is involved in the immunopathogenesis of vasculitis.
Glucocorticoid-mediated immunomodulation: hydrocortisone enhances immunosuppressive endogenous retroviral protein (p15E) expression in mouse immune cells
Authors: FIEGL M , STRASSER-WOZAK E , GELEY S , GSUR A , DRACH J , KOFLER R 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYTo define glucocorticoid (GC)-regulated genes contributing to the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of GC, previous work from our laboratory revealed up-regulation of transcripts from endogenous type B mouse mammary tumour virus (Mtv) and type C murine leukaemia virus (Emv) loci by high dose GC treatment of P388D1 macrophage-like cells. This study demonstrates enhancement of expression from Mtv and Emv loci in P388D1 cells by more physiological hydrocortisone concentrations (1 μM), and shows direct transcriptional mode of regulation by blocking GC-mediated signal transduction at different levels. Furthermore, we found up-regulation of Emv mRNA steady-state levels in murine lymphoid lineage cells (T-like EL4 and BW5147 cells; B-like X63 cells) upon GC treatment. The Emv transcripts shown by us to be GC-up-regulated encode for the transmembrane envelope protein TM/p15E which is highly conserved in several retroviruses. TM/p15E and the p15E-like products found in humans exert immunosuppressive effects in different test systems. Thus, our findings raise the possibility that immunomodulation by GC might be mediated in part by enhanced expression of p15E(-like) products.
A field study of the role of nurses in advocating for safe practice in hospitals
Authors: Choi Sandy Pin‐pin , Cheung Kin , Pang Samantha Mei‐che 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAimTo explicate nurses' role and the underlying processes involved in advocating for safe practice in hospitals.BackgroundNurses' role as patient advocates in safeguarding patients' interests and well‐being is constantly upheld. As previous studies have fallen short in delineating the processes of how and in what conditions the patient advocate role is operationalized, this study was conducted to fill the evidence gap through examining nurses' advocacy role and practices in real clinical contexts.DesignA field study approach that involved multiple methods of data collection was adopted.MethodsThis study was conducted from February 2010–March 2011 in four medical units in two public hospitals in Hong Kong. Empirical data were generated from weekly field observations, review of relevant documents and individual semi‐structured interviews with 28 nurses and were then analysed through a comparative analysis process.ResultsNurses play an integral role in ensuring safe practice in hospitals through mitigating risk arising from sudden changes in patients' health conditions and the hospitalization process and correcting near‐misses for co‐workers to prevent harm. The modelling of expert nurses and team‐based learning emerged as essential factors facilitating the development of nurses' advocacy role and practices. The state of ‘limited advocacy’, as characterized by the adoption of disempowering and coercive measures to ensure patient safety, clearly indicates a need to re‐examine the concept of advocacy in contemporary health care.ConclusionThe findings contribute to a more complete understanding of nurses' advocacy role and practices, which have a significant bearing on patient safety.
Long‐Term High‐Resolution Radar Rainfall Fields for Urban Hydrology
Authors: Wright Daniel B. , Smith James A. , Villarini Gabriele , Baeck Mary Lynn 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAccurate records of high‐resolution rainfall fields are essential in urban hydrology, and are lacking in many areas. We develop a high‐resolution (15 min, 1 km2) radar rainfall data set for Charlotte, North Carolina during the 2001‐2010 period using the Hydro‐NEXRAD system with radar reflectivity from the National Weather Service Weather Surveillance Radar 1988 Doppler weather radar located in Greer, South Carolina. A dense network of 71 rain gages is used for estimating and correcting radar rainfall biases. Radar rainfall estimates with daily mean field bias (MFB) correction accurately capture the spatial and temporal structure of extreme rainfall, but bias correction at finer timescales can improve cold‐season and tropical cyclone rainfall estimates. Approximately 25 rain gages are sufficient to estimate daily MFB over an area of at least 2,500 km2, suggesting that robust bias correction is feasible in many urban areas. Conditional (rain‐rate dependent) bias can be removed, but at the expense of other performance criteria such as mean square error. Hydro‐NEXRAD radar rainfall estimates are also compared with the coarser resolution (hourly, 16 km2) Stage IV operational rainfall product. Stage IV is adequate for flood water balance studies but is insufficient for applications such as urban flood modeling, in which the temporal and spatial scales of relevant hydrologic processes are short. We recommend the increased use of high‐resolution radar rainfall fields in urban hydrology.
Telocytes in Crohn's disease
Authors: Milia Anna Franca , Ruffo Martina , Manetti Mirko , Rosa Irene , Conte Dalila , Fazi Marilena , Messerini Luca , Ibba‐Manneschi Lidia 
Published: November 2013

AbstractCrohn's disease (CD) is a relapsing chronic inflammatory disorder that may involve all the gastrointestinal tract with a prevalence of terminal ileum. Intestinal lesions have a characteristic discontinuous and segmental distribution and may affect all layers of the gut wall. Telocytes (TC), a peculiar type of stromal cells, have been recently identified in a variety of tissues and organs, including gastrointestinal tract of humans and mammals. Several roles have been proposed for TC, including mechanical support, spatial relationships with different cell types, intercellular signalling and modulation of intestinal motility. The aim of our study was to investigate the presence and distribution of TC in disease‐affected and ‐unaffected ileal specimens from CD patients compared with controls. TC were identified by CD34/PDGFRα immunohistochemistry. In affected CD specimens TC disappeared, particularly where fibrosis and architectural derangement of the intestinal wall were observed. In the thickened muscularis mucosae and submucosa, few TC entrapped in the fibrotic extracellular matrix were found. A discontinuous network of TC was present around smooth muscle bundles, ganglia and enteric strands in the altered muscularis propria. At the myenteric plexus, the loss of TC network was paralleled by the loss of interstitial cells of Cajal network. In the unaffected CD specimens, TC were preserved in their distribution. Our results suggest that in CD the loss of TC might have important pathophysiological implications contributing to the architectural derangement of the intestinal wall and gut dysmotility. Further functional studies are necessary to better clarify the role of TC loss in CD pathophysiology.
Nutritional factors (nutritional aspects) in biliary disorders: Bile acid and lipid metabolism in gallstone diseases and pancreaticobiliary maljunction
Authors: Tazuma Susumu , Kanno Keishi , Sugiyama Akiko , Kishikawa Nobusuke 
Published: November 2013

AbstractNutritional factors play a key role in the pathogenesis of biliary diseases such as gallstones and pancreaticobiliary maljunction. Gallstones are primarily classified into cholesterol stone and pigment stone according to the major composition. Cholesterol gallstone formation is very likely based upon supersaturated bile formation, and pigment stones are formed in bile rich in bilirubin. Thus, defects of hepatic metabolism of lipids and organic anions lead to biliary stones. Here, the recent understanding of cholesterol gallstone pathogenesis is elaborated. On the other hand, there is another important link of biliary lipid degradation to serious biliary disease, namely pancreaticobiliary maljunction. Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC), a derivative of phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis by phospholipase A2, is a highly abundant bioactive lipid mediator present in circulation as well as in bile. Increases in bile of lysoPC and phospholipase A2 have been reported in pancreaticobiliary maljunction and considered to be the major risk factor for biliary tract cancers. Further, oxidized fatty acids have been established as a potent ligand for G2A, a member of G protein‐coupled receptor family that mediates a diverse array of biological processes including cell growth and apoptosis. Thus, both of lysoPC and free fatty acids are supposed to play an important role through G2A in biliary inflammation and carcinogenesis of pancreaticobiliary maljunction. Taken together, nutritional factors, especially lipid compounds, are seemingly crucial in the pathogenesis of biliary diseases, and such a causal relationship is reviewed by mainly authors’ previous publications.