bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypokalemic quadriplegia in Sjogren's syndrome: A case report
Authors: Mehdipour Dalivand Mahsa , Abdolazimi Rezvan , Alikhani Majid 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageIn managing Sjogren's syndrome, a thorough patient history, proper lab tests, and imaging are crucial. Clinicians should prioritize checking electrolyte levels in cases of muscle weakness, as early detection of hypokalemia can prevent severe complications. Proactive monitoring can avert renal tubular acidosis and improve patient outcomes.AbstractDistal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) occurs in approximately one‐third of patients with Sjogren's syndrome, a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands, leading to dryness of mucous membranes. Hypokalemic paralysis, a well‐documented but rare complication of dRTA, typically manifests as symmetric proximal muscle weakness of the extremities. We present the case of a 38‐year‐old woman with a history of Sjogren's syndrome diagnosed 3 years prior, who ceased her medication without medical supervision. She presented with quadriplegia, initially beginning unilaterally. This particular presentation is seldom documented in the literature. Laboratory investigations revealed hypokalemia and normal anion gap metabolic acidosis, consistent with dRTA‐induced hypokalemic paralysis. Intravenous potassium chloride was administered, resulting in complete recovery of muscle strength. Hypokalemic paralysis associated with dRTA is typically reversible; however, delays in diagnosis and treatment can lead to life‐threatening complications such as respiratory failure and arrhythmias. Therefore, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for this condition in patients presenting with muscle weakness. Prompt and precise history takingand screening, and initiating appropriate management to prevent adverse outcomes.
The efficacy of the novel “wall pierce” technique for common femoral access in endovascular therapy
Authors: Mori Shinsuke , Kobayashi Norihiro , Tsutsumi Masakazu , Ito Yoshiaki 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageUnder challenging common femoral artery access scenarios, the “wall PIERCE” technique, which utilizes a larger puncture needle to pierce the vessel wall along the guidewire, facilitates sheath insertion. This method proved successful in two cases without any complications, presenting a valuable addition to strategies for addressing challenging sheath insertion scenarios.
Improvement of Asymmetric Reactions via Remote Electronic Tuning of N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts
Authors: Inokuma Tsubasa , Yamada Ken‐ichi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAminoindanol‐derived N‐heterocyclic carbene catalysts have been widely used to achieve highly enantioselective reactions. Recently, substitution at the indane moiety of the catalysts has been found to have a great impact on the outcome of some reactions, even though the substituted position is distant from the carbene catalytic center. Especially, the introduction of an electron‐withdrawing group improves the yield and enantioselectivity. This review provides an overview of recent reports on the improvement of N‐heterocyclic‐carbene‐catalyzed asymmetric reactions by introducing electron‐withdrawing remote substituents.
A Highly Efficient Cross‐Coupling Mode via the Release of Small Molecules: Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Unimolecular Fragment Coupling (UFC)
Authors: Tian Tian , Uei Shuhei , Li Zhiping , Nishihara Yasushi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs a recently developed redox‐neutral coupling reaction, transition‐metal‐catalyzed unimolecular fragment coupling (UFC) has been extensively investigated over the past decade. In comparison to conventional cross‐coupling reactions, cross‐electrophilic coupling (XEC) and cross‐dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) protocols eliminate the need for stoichiometric organometallic reagents, reductants, or oxidants. Additionally, it produces only minimal molecular by‐products for the formation of a series of C−C bonds and C−X bonds with high atom efficiency. This review presents a summary and classification of the research progress made over the past decade in this field. The research is classified into four main categories, decarbonylation, decarboxylation, desulfonylation, and deisocyanation, according to the type of small molecule that is liberated from the reaction system. This facilitates the implementation of more practical, straightforward, and expedient reaction operations. It is noteworthy that the reaction employs carbonyl compounds (aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acid derivatives, etc.), sulfones, and amides, which are typically inexpensive and accessible, as reaction substrates. This groundbreaking synthetic approach has since yielded a plethora of outcomes and novel research avenues in related fields, while also offering benefits to other related fields.
Copper‐Polyphenol Nanocomplexes with Peroxidase‐Like Activity for Enhanced Fungal Eradication
Authors: Liu Fang , Chen Yongcheng , Huang Yue , Jin Qiao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe increasing severity of fungal infections globally and the limited availability of effective treatments necessitate novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, we prepared copper‐polyphenol nanocomplexes (CPE NPs) through a one‐step synthetic process by the coordination self‐assembly of copper sulfate (CuSO4), protocatechuic acid (PA), and ϵ‐poly‐L‐lysine (EPL). CPE NPs demonstrated peroxidase‐like activities, which could catalyze H2O2 to generate hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) to effectively eradicate fungi. CPE NPs were stable in a physiological neutral environment. However, since metal‐phenolic coordination interaction was unstable in acidic pH, CPE NPs could be dissociated in acidic environments, such as fungal infection sites, leading to effective release of Cu2+ and EPL, thereby exerting antifungal effects. CPE NPs exhibited excellent fungicidal ability at both pH 7.4 and 6.0 against Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. More importantly, CPE NPs could effectively eradicate fungi in 20 % Sabouraud dextrose broth (SDB) medium containing rich inorganic salts and proteins, in which dissociative Cu2+ completely lost its fungicidal ability. In summary, CPE NPs could effectively deliver Cu2+ to fungal surface for enhanced fungal eradication by generating ⋅OH, highlighting their great potential as a promising nano‐therapeutic agent for the treatment of fungal infections.
Ultrathin (15 nm) Carbon Sheets with Surface Oxygen Functionalization for Efficient Pseudocapacitive Na‐ion Storage
Authors: Etacheri Vinodkumar , Maça Rudi Ruben , Avvaru Venkata Sai , Hong Chulgi Nathan , Alazemi Abdullah , Pol Vilas G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDisordered carbon is the state of the art anode material for Na‐ion batteries due to their increased interlayer spacing and good electronic conductivity. However, its practical application is hindered by average specific capacity, poor rate performance, low coulombic efficiency and limited cycling stability. Herein, we report the superior pseudocapacitance enhanced Na‐ion storage of in situ surface functionalized carbon nanosheets. Anodes composed of ultrathin (~15 nm) carbon nanosheets demonstrated excellent reversible specific capacity (375 mAh/g at 25 mA/g), rate performance (150 mAh/g at 2 A/g), long‐term cycling performance (1000 cycles at 1 A/g) and coulombic efficiency (~100 %). Considerably higher pseudocapacitance (up to ~78 %) is also identified in this case compared to amorphous carbon particles. Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies proved Na‐ion intercalation in to the disordered carbon and pseudocapacitive storage driven by oxygen‐containing surface functional groups. Outstanding electrochemical performance is credited to the synergy between diffusion limited intercalation and pseudocapacitive surface Na‐ion storage. The demonstrated synthetic method of in situ functionalized carbon nanosheets is inexpensive and scalable. The strategy of functional group and morphology induced pseudocapacitive Na‐ion storage offer new prospects to design high‐performance Na‐ion battery electrodes.
Unraveling the Role and Impact of Alumina on the Nucleation and Reversibility of β‐LiAl in Aluminum Anode Based Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wells Lucas , Pham Thien An , Eshetu Gebrekidan Gebresilassie , Seidlmayer Stefan , Ceccio Giovanni , Cannavo Antonino , Vacík Jiří , Mikitisin Adrian , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter , Gilles Ralph , Figgemeier Egbert 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAluminum, due to its high abundance, very attractive theoretical capacity, low cost, low (de−) lithiation potential, light weight, and effective suppression of dendrite growth, is considered as a promising anode candidate for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, its practical application is hindered due to multiple detrimental challenges, including the formation of an amorphous surface oxide layer, pulverization, and insufficient lithium diffusion kinetics in the α‐phase. These outstanding intrinsic challenges need to be addressed to facilitate the commercial production of Al‐based batteries. The native passivation layer, Al2O3, plays a critical role in the nucleation and reversibility of lithiating aluminum and is thoroughly investigated in this study using high precision electrochemical micro calorimetry. The enthalpy of crystallization of β‐LiAl is found to be 40.5 kJ mol−1, which is in a strong agreement with the value obtained by calculation using Nernst equation (40.04 kJ mol−1). Surface treatment of the active material by the addition of 25 nm of alumina increases the nucleation energy barrier by 83 % over the native oxide layer. After the initial nucleation, the added alumina does not negatively impact the reversibility at 0.1 C rate, suggesting the removal of alumina is not necessary for improving the cyclability of aluminum anode based lithium‐ion batteries. Moreover, the coulombic efficiencies are also found to be slightly higher in the alumina treated samples compared to the untreated ones.
Methanol, the ICE Green Maker
Authors: Dobberkau Maximilian , Werner Ronny , Atzler Frank 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGreen methanol is a renewable fuel with great advantages when used in a spark ignition combustion process. Methanol has a comparatively high enthalpy of vaporization, leading to lower combustion temperatures as compared to gasoline combustion, and, hence, lower wall heat losses as well as a reduced tendency to pre‐ignition. Therefore, a brake efficiency of more than 40 % (this is comparable to diesel engines!) and furthermore minimal emissions, even at cold start, are possible. The serial combination with an electric powertrain provides a disconnection of the load demand of the powertrain and the operating point of the combustion engine. In this case, a high volumetric and gravimetric power density, easy energy storage and proven infrastructure of fuel distribution are combined with electric driving, high efficiencies, minimal emissions, and a closed carbon cycle for the energy provision.
Variable selection in modelling clustered data via within‐cluster resampling
Authors: Ye Shangyuan , Yu Tingting , Caroff Daniel A. , Huang Susan S. , Zhang Bo , Wang Rui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn many biomedical applications, there is a need to build risk‐adjustment models based on clustered data. However, methods for variable selection that are applicable to clustered discrete data settings with a large number of candidate variables and potentially large cluster sizes are lacking. We develop a new variable selection approach that combines within‐cluster resampling techniques with penalized likelihood methods to select variables for high‐dimensional clustered data. We derive an upper bound on the expected number of falsely selected variables, demonstrate the oracle properties of the proposed method and evaluate the finite sample performance of the method through extensive simulations. We illustrate the proposed approach using a colon surgical site infection data set consisting of 39,468 individuals from 149 hospitals to build risk‐adjustment models that account for both the main effects of various risk factors and their two‐way interactions.
Advancing Anode Performance in Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries: A Review of Metal‐Organic Framework‐Based Strategies
Authors: Li Juanyun , Wang Bin , Wang Siyuan , Li Wenqi , Chen Ding 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are garnering substantial research interest in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and portable electronics, primarily for the reason that the inexpensive cost, high theoretical specific capacity, and environmental sustainability of zinc metal anodes, which are an essential component to their design. Nonetheless, the progress of AZIBs is hindered by significant obstacles, such as the occurrence of anodic side reactions (SR) and the formation of zinc dendrites. Metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐based materials are being explored as promising alternatives owing to homogeneous porous structure and large specific surface areas. There has been a rare overview and discussion on strategies for protecting anodes using MOF‐based materials. This review specifically aims to investigate cutting‐edge strategies for the design of highly stable MOF‐based anodes in AZIBs. Firstly, the mechanisms of dendrites and SR are summarized. Secondly, the recent advances in MOF‐based anodic protection including those of pristine MOFs, MOF composites, and MOF derivatives are reviewed. Furthermore, the strategies involving MOF‐based materials for zinc anode stabilization are presented, including the engineering of surface coatings, three‐dimensional zinc structures, artificial solid electrolyte interfaces, separators, and electrolytes. Finally, the ongoing challenges and prospective directions for further enhancement of MOF‐based anodic protection technologies in AZIBs are highlighted.
Design and Synthesis of Sb‐Doped CuS@C Hollow Nanocubes as Efficient Anode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Zheng Xiang , Zhang Zining , Li Zhiqian , Shi Chaohong , Zhao Jianqing , Tang Jing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCopper sulfide has received widespread attention for application as anode materials in sodium‐ion batteries due to their potent capabilitiess and eco‐friendly properties. However, it is a challenge to achieve a high rate capability and long cycle stability owing to the heterogeneous transfer of sodium ions during charge‐discharge, the interior poor electron conductivity and repeated volumetric expansion of copper sulfide. In this study, Sb‐doped copper sulfide hollow nanocubes coated with carbon shells (Sb‐CuS@C) was designed and constructed as anode nanomaterials in sodium‐ion batteries. Thanks to the intrinsic good electron conductivity and chemical stability of carbon shells, Sb‐CuS@C possesses a higher overall electron transfer as anode material, avoids agglomeration and structural destruction during the cycling. As a result, the synthesized Sb‐CuS@C achieved an excellent reversible capacity of 595 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.5 A g−1 and a good rate capability of 340 mA h g−1 at a higher 10 A g−1. DFT calculations clarify that the uniformly doped Sb would act as active sodiophilic nucleation sites to help adsorbing sodium‐ion during discharging and leading uniform sodium deposition. This work provides a new insight into the structural and componential modification for common transition‐metal sulfides towards application as anode materials in sodium‐ion battery.
Diversity of assessment practices and student perceptions of assessment in Finland
Authors: Nieminen Juuso Henrik , Atjonen Päivi , Tolvanen Asko 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEducational policies and curriculum documents largely emphasise the idea that assessment should be diverse: that teachers should use versatile assessment practices such as tests, self‐ and peer‐assessment and portfolios instead of mainly drawing on uniform practices, such as examinations. In this study, we examined the diversity of assessment in the low‐stakes assessment culture of Finland where the national curriculum emphasises the ethos of Assessment for Learning. We were interested in how the diversity of assessment (or the lack of thereof) is related to student perceptions of assessment. We utilised both multilevel and person‐oriented methods in our analysis of a national evaluation dataset of 187 Finnish primary and lower secondary teachers and their 2370 students. First, we noted that according to the teachers’ responses, classroom assessment in Finland is not particularly diverse. At the same time, students did not find assessment particularly helpful for their learning. Second, a multilevel analysis revealed varying correlations between the prevalence of various assessment practices and students’ perceived usefulness of the corresponding practices. Third, we explored teacher subgroups in terms of their ‘assessment menu’ through a latent class analysis. All identified teacher subgroups drew heavily on closed‐book examinations. Finally, we analysed whether the assessment perceptions of students differ according to their teacher's latent class. The students whose teachers used the most diverse assessment menu reported the most pressure in assessment. We suggest these findings stem from the socio‐historical context of pedagogical conservatism in Finland, combined with the low stakes of assessment. We discuss the importance of widening teachers’ assessment practices in order to promote sustainable student perceptions of assessment, yet such assessment diversity must be valued in the educational system, and it needs to be based on sound pedagogical design.
Interest of hair tests to discriminate a tail end of a doping regimen from a possible contamination in case of challenging an anti‐doping rule violation. V. Case reports involving trimetazidine, a drug where the concentration after a single 20 mg dose has been established
Authors: Kintz Pascal , Ameline Alice , Gheddar Laurie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe identification of trimetazidine, a medicine used for treating stable angina pectoris and for preventing angina attacks, has been recently observed in doping cases involving high profile athletes from various countries over the world. In all the files where the authors have been involved, the urine concentration of trimetazidine was low (<2 ng/mL), and the athletes argued that contamination was the source of their adverse analytical finding. It is possible to challenge imposed sanctions in relation to an adverse analytical finding, but it is the responsibility of the athlete to demonstrate he/she is innocent and can qualify for no fault or negligence. When the delay between the urine collection and the notification of the violation was not too long (less than 6 months), these athletes requested a head hair test. Trimetazidine was analyzed by an original LC–MS/MS method involving pH 9.5 borate buffer overnight incubation of 20 mg and subsequent solvents extraction in presence of trimetazidine‐D8 used as internal standard. Linearity was verified from 1 to 200 pg/mg (R2 = 0.9987). Limit of detection of the method was 0.1 pg/mg. The hair specimen of a male subject, collected 4 weeks after single oral ingestion of 20 mg trimetazidine, tested positive at 146 pg/mg in the corresponding segment. Concentrations of trimetazidine measured in several hair specimens (n = 5) collected from athletes challenging their anti‐doping rule violation were below 1 pg/mg, which is consistent with incidental exposure due to contamination. This is the first evidence that trimetazidine is incorporated in human hair after a single therapeutic dose administration.
Genetic diversity and population structure of an insect‐pollinated and bird‐dispersed dioecious tree Magnolia kwangsiensis in a fragmented karst forest landscape
Authors: Lin Yanfang , Xiang Yingying , Wei Sujian , Zhang Qiwei , Liu Yanhua , Zhang Zhiyong , Tang Shaoqing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study combined population genetics and parentage analysis to obtain foundational data for the conservation of Magnolia kwangsiensis. M. kwangsiensis is a Class I tree species that occurs in two disjunct regions in a biodiversity hotspot in southwest China. We assessed the genetic diversity and structure of this species across its distribution range to support its conservation management. Genetic diversity and population structure of 529 individuals sampled from 14 populations were investigated using seven nuclear simple sequence repeat (nSSR) markers and three chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) fragments. Parentage analysis was used to evaluate the pollen and seed dispersal distances. The nSSR marker analysis revealed a high genetic diversity in M. kwangsiensis, with an average observed (Ho) and expected heterozygosities (He) of 0.726 and 0.687, respectively. The mean and maximum pollen and seed dispersal distances were 66.4 and 95.7 m and 535.4 and 553.8 m, respectively. Our data revealed two distinct genetic groups, consistent with the disjunct geographical distribution of the M. kwangsiensis populations. Both pollen and seed dispersal movements help maintain genetic connectivity among M. kwangsiensis populations, contributing to high levels of genetic diversity. Both genetically differentiated groups corresponding to the two disjunct regions should be recognized as separate conservation units.
Hiptage yangshuoensis (Malpighiaceae), a new species on karst hills close to Lijiang River, Guangxi, China, based on molecular and morphological data
Authors: Wang Ren‐Fen , Ning Yao , Li Xiao‐Juan , Tan Ke , Nguyen Khang Sinh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHiptage yangshuoensis K.Tan & K.S.Nguyen, a new species of Hiptage collected from a karst cliff close to the Lijiang River, Northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, is described and illustrated based on molecular and morphological data. Hiptage yangshuoensis shares some morphological similarities with the H. multiflora F.N.Wei, but easily distinguished by its long pedicels with articulate at top, one large calyx gland, oblanceolate middle wing and lanceolate lateral wings of samara, and young branch covered rusty sericeous. The new species status is also supported by molecular phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ribosome internal transcribed spacer (nrITS), which showed distinct systematic distinctiveness from the most morphologically similar species, H. multiflora.