bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pandemic, policy, and markets: insights and learning from COVID-19’s impact on global stock behavior
Authors: Yang Shuxin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered an unprecedented shock to global stock markets, exceeding the economic impacts of prior pandemics. This paper examines the pandemic’s impact on global stock markets across 34 countries, focusing on the relationship between the pandemic’s severity, government policy responses, and economic stimuli. Panel data regressions reveal that increased daily COVID-19 cases initially negatively impacted stock returns and increased volatility. Stringent government measures positively influenced market returns but also heightened volatility. The research challenges previous assumptions about the influence of geographical and economic factors on market reactions. By segregating the sample period by investor sentiment, the study finds a consistent pattern of negative lagged returns, indicating stronger mean reversion during high VIX periods. During low market volatility, government stringency measures are perceived as harmful to economic activity, negatively impacting stock returns. The insights from the COVID-19 pandemic can inform responses to future market disruptions from health crises, geopolitical tensions, environmental disasters, or other systemic shocks.
An automated and high-throughput data processing workflow for PFAS identification in biota by direct infusion ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Dudášová Silvia , Wurz Johann , Berger Urs , Reemtsma Thorsten , Fu Qiuguo , Lechtenfeld Oliver J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe increasing recognition of the health impacts from human exposure to per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) has surged the need for sophisticated analytical techniques and advanced data analyses, especially for assessing exposure by food of animal origin. Despite the existence of nearly 15,000 PFAS listed in the CompTox chemicals dashboard by the US Environmental Protection Agency, conventional monitoring and suspect screening methods often fall short, covering only a fraction of these substances. This study introduces an innovative automated data processing workflow, named PFlow, for identifying PFAS in environmental samples using direct infusion Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (DI-FT-ICR MS). PFlow’s validation on a bream liver sample, representative of low-concentration biota, involves data pre-processing, annotation of PFAS based on their precursor masses, and verification through isotopologues. Notably, PFlow annotated 17 PFAS absent in the comprehensive targeted approach and tentatively identified an additional 53 compounds, thereby demonstrating its efficiency in enhancing PFAS detection coverage. From an initial dataset of 30,332 distinct m/z values, PFlow thoroughly narrowed down the candidates to 84 potential PFAS compounds, utilizing precise mass measurements and chemical logic criteria, underscoring its potential in advancing our understanding of PFAS prevalence and of human exposure.
Graphical abstract
Energy efficient and low-latency spiking neural networks on embedded microcontrollers through spiking activity tuning
Authors: Barchi Francesco , Parisi Emanuele , Zanatta Luca , Bartolini Andrea , Acquaviva Andrea 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work, we target the efficient implementation of spiking neural networks (SNNs) for low-power and low-latency applications. In particular, we propose a methodology for tuning SNN spiking activity with the objective of reducing computation cycles and energy consumption. We performed an analysis to devise key hyper-parameters, and then we show the results of tuning such parameters to obtain a low-latency and low-energy embedded LSNN (eLSNN) implementation. We demonstrate that it is possible to adapt the firing rate so that the samples belonging to the most frequent class are processed with less spikes. We implemented the eLSNN on a microcontroller-based sensor node and we evaluated its performance and energy consumption using a structural health monitoring application processing a stream of vibrations for damage detection (i.e. binary classification). We obtained a cycle count reduction of 25% and an energy reduction of 22% with respect to a baseline implementation. We also demonstrate that our methodology is applicable to a multi-class scenario, showing that we can reduce spiking activity between 68 and 85% at iso-accuracy.
SkinNet-14: a deep learning framework for accurate skin cancer classification using low-resolution dermoscopy images with optimized training time
Authors: Al Mahmud Abdullah , Azam Sami , Khan Inam Ullah , Montaha Sidratul , Karim Asif , Haque Aminul , Zahid Hasan Md. , Brady Mark , Biswas Ritu , Jonkman Mirjam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe increasing incidence of skin cancer necessitates advancements in early detection methods, where deep learning can be beneficial. This study introduces SkinNet-14, a novel deep learning model designed to classify skin cancer types using low-resolution dermoscopy images. Unlike existing models that require high-resolution images and extensive training times, SkinNet-14 leverages a modified compact convolutional transformer (CCT) architecture to effectively process 32 × 32 pixel images, significantly reducing the computational load and training duration. The framework employs several image preprocessing and augmentation strategies to enhance input image quality and balance the dataset to address class imbalances in medical datasets. The model was tested on three distinct datasets—HAM10000, ISIC and PAD—demonstrating high performance with accuracies of 97.85%, 96.00% and 98.14%, respectively, while significantly reducing the training time to 2–8 s per epoch. Compared to traditional transfer learning models, SkinNet-14 not only improves accuracy but also ensures stability even with smaller training sets. This research addresses a critical gap in automated skin cancer detection, specifically in contexts with limited resources, and highlights the capabilities of transformer-based models that are efficient in medical image analysis.
Infection with bovine leukemia virus belonging to group A or B-1 contributes more strongly to the development of enzootic bovine leukosis in young cattle than the presence of bovine lymphocyte antigen-DRB3 susceptibility alleles
Authors: Fujii Yuki , Maezawa Masaki , Akagami Masataka , Kawakami Junko , Fujimoto Yuri , Inokuma Hisashi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, we compared the effects of different bovine leukemia virus (BLV) strains and bovine lymphocyte antigen (BoLA)-DRB3 alleles in cattle with enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) aged either <3 years or ≥3 years. The frequency of infection with BLV belonging to group A or B-1 in cattle aged <3 years with EBL was significantly higher than that in cattle aged ≥3 years, regardless of which BoLA-DRB3 allele was present. This suggests that infection with group A or B-1 BLV contributes more strongly to the development of EBL in young cattle than the presence of early-EBL-onset susceptibility BoLA-DRB3 alleles.
Besteht ChatGPT die neurologische Facharztprüfung? Eine kritische Betrachtung
Authors: Wuchty Bianca , Sellner Johann 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungChat generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT) ist ein Chatbot, der künstliche Intelligenz (KI) einsetzt, um mit den Benutzer:innen zu kommunizieren. Im Bereich der klinischen Neurologie könnte hierdurch die Patientenversorgung vor allem bei komplexen oder seltenen Erkrankungen unterstützt werden. Um das Potenzial der KI als Hilfsmittel in der postgraduellen neurologischen Ausbildung zu untersuchen, wurde ChatGPT mit neurologischen Prüfungsfragen auf Facharztniveau getestet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen kongruent das Potenzial der KI-Systeme in der künftigen Unterstützung von Ausbildung und Patientenversorgung auf. Die Komplexität des neurologischen Fachgebiets stellt allerdings nicht nur für Nachwuchsneurolog:innen eine besondere Herausforderung dar. Des Weiteren hat die KI noch relevante Limitationen für die Translation in die klinische Praxis, hierzu zählen „Halluzinationen“ und die mangelnde Beurteilung der Seriosität von Datenquellen.
Nanofluids in solar collectors: a comprehensive review focused on its sedimentation
Authors: Bocanegra Johan Augusto , Marchitto Annalisa , Misale Mario 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe use of nanofluids as working fluids in energy systems, such as solar collectors, natural circulation loops, geothermal plants, and nuclear reactors, has the potential to enhance their efficiency. Nanofluids have improved optical and thermal properties, enabling better energetic performance than common working fluids. However, the stability of nanofluids depends on multiple factors that can cause nanoparticles to sediment in the base fluid, leading to the degradation of physical properties that affect system performance. Experimental, analytical, and computational-based approaches have been used to study the sedimentation process in nanofluids. This review presents a comprehensive comparison of these research methods, with a particular focus on the role of gravitational sedimentation when nanofluids are used in solar collectors. Sedimentation remains the primary limitation of the engineering application of nanofluids. Some key factors that affect this process, such as volumetric concentration, flow regime, and additives, have been addressed to solve the sedimentation problem. However, other factors that can influence sedimentation in solar collectors, such as thermal cycling, ultraviolet radiation, and rest periods, remain open problems that require extensive investigation in the future.
Graphical abstract
A mathematical model to predict “low-lying” posterior communicating artery aneurysms in neurosurgical practice
Authors: Ma Qianquan , Liu Lei , Song Zhihao , Wen Hongbo , Li Kaihuan , Chen Jingqi , Zhang Weixin , Huang Tao , Xu Yufeng , Li Haoyu , Lei Ting , Sun Xuezhi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract“Low-lying” posterior communicating artery (PCoA) aneurysms require great attention in surgical clipping due to their distinct anatomical characteristics. In this study, we propose an easy method to immediately recognize “low-lying” PCoA aneurysms in neurosurgical practice. A total of 89 cases with “low-lying” PCoA aneurysms were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent preoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examinations and microsurgical clipping. Cases were classified into the “low-lying” and regular groups based on intraoperative findings. The distance- and angle-relevant parameters that reflected the relative location of the aneurysms and tortuosity of the internal carotid artery were measured using 3D-DSA images. The data were sequentially integrated into a mathematical analysis to obtain the prediction model. Finally, we proposed a novel mathematical formula to preoperatively predict the existence of “low-lying” PCoA aneurysms with great accuracy. Neurosurgeons might benefit from this model, which enables them to directly identify “low-lying” PCoA aneurysms and make appropriate surgical decisions accordingly.
A Chance to have a Voice: The Motivations and Experiences of Female Victim-Survivors of Domestic, Family and Sexual Violence who Joined a Lived Experience Research Group
Authors: Fiolet Renee , Lamb Katie , Tarzia Laura , Hegarty Kelsey 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Having individuals with lived experience as co-researchers collaborate in research has increasingly become recognized as empowering for those involved and necessary for translational research. However, there has been limited exploration of how lived experience involvement as co-researchers in design, implementation and dissemination is experienced by those undertaking these influential roles. This study aimed to explore victim-survivors’ (of domestic, family and sexual violence) motivations for joining a lived experience research group and understand their experiences of taking part in setting the research agenda.

Methods
Seven in-depth face-to-face interviews took place with women from a lived experience group based at a university. Reflective thematic analysis led to development of four main themes.

Results
The first theme, making a difference, speaks to personal reasons that empowered participants to become a part of the new co-researcher group. Having that collective experience explains the benefits victim-survivors experienced from joining the group and shows to the importance of feeling supported by others with similar experiences. Wounds that are still very raw describes the emotional challenges that could arise when committing to the work of a lived experience group and the potential for re-traumatization. Finally, the theme there’s no blueprint for this addresses the innovative work victim-survivors engaged in to build a meaningful, research-active group. Motivation to participate in a lived experience group was influenced by their own past experiences. While having their voices heard was important for some, the stronger desire was to create meaningful change for other victim-survivors.

Conclusions
Future research should focus on how to support and meaningfully engage victim-survivors to undertake co-researcher roles, acknowledging the potential for re-traumatization. Future guidelines for establishing lived experience research groups are necessary.
Single-cell atlas profiling revealed cellular characteristics and dynamic changes after PD-1 blockade therapy of brain metastases from laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zou Yunzhi , Duan Hao , Deng Zekun , Xiang Rong , Zhao Jixiang , Zhang Zhenhua , Hu Wanming , Yang Yuanzhong , Yan Zeming , Wen Shujuan , Liu Zexian , Zhang Gao , Mou Yonggao , Li Depei , Jiang Xiaobing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBrain metastasis (BM) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is uncommon but prognosis is poor. Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy benefits some advanced LSCC cases, yet its efficiency is limited by tumor complexity. We analyzed paired metastatic tumor samples from before and after immunotherapy using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), along with a primary LSCC dataset and bulk RNA sequencing. This identified changes post-immunotherapy and revealed differences in single-cell transcriptomes among LSCC, primBM, and neoBM. Our findings show that anti-PD-1 treatment suppresses metastasis-promoting pathways like VEGF and EMT in cancer cells, and alters immune cell functions. Notably, it upregulates T cell activation, leading to CD8 T cell exhaustion from excess heat shock proteins, notably HSPA8. However, CD8 T cell cytotoxic functions improve post-treatment. In myeloid cells, anti-PD-1 therapy enhances antigen presentation and promotes a proinflammatory shift post-metastasis. Additionally, NUPR1 is linked to BM in LSCC, and NEAT1 is a potential metastatic cancer cell cycle participant. Our study provides insights into cancer heterogeneity and the impact of PD-1 immunotherapy on metastasis, aiding precise diagnosis and prognosis.
Insights from Three Pan-European Multicentre Studies on Invasive Candida Infections and Outlook to ECMM Candida IV
Authors: Wolfgruber Stella , Sedik Sarah , Klingspor Lena , Tortorano Annamaria , Gow Neil A. R. , Lagrou Katrien , Gangneux Jean-Pierre , Maertens Johan , Meis Jacques F. , Lass-Flörl Cornelia , Arikan-Akdagli Sevtap , Cornely Oliver A. , Hoenigl Martin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInvasive candidiasis and candidemia remain a significant public health concern. The European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) conducted three pan-European multicentre studies from 1997 to 2022 to investigate various aspects of invasive Candida infections. These studies revealed shifting trends in Candida species distribution, with an increase of non-albicans Candida species as causative pathogens, increasing rates of antifungal resistance, and persistently high mortality rates. Despite advancements in antifungal treatment, the persistently high mortality rate and increasing drug resistance, as well as limited drug access in low-income countries, underscore the need for continued research and development in the treatment of Candida infections. This review aims to summarize the findings of the three completed ECMM Candida studies and emphasize the importance of continued research efforts. Additionally, it introduces the upcoming ECMM Candida IV study, which will focus on assessing candidemia caused by non-albicans Candida species, including Candida auris, investigating antifungal resistance and tolerance, and evaluating novel treatment modalities on a global scale.
A meta-analysis of entrepreneurial ecosystem elements and entrepreneurial activity
Authors: Queissner Martin , Stolz Lennard , Weiss Matthias 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis meta-analysis examines the relationship between entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) elements and regional entrepreneurial activity (EA). An extensive literature search is performed to identify quantitative studies covering EE elements and EA at the regional level (257 studies) and to extract relevant data (2,241,813 observations). To synthesize the findings, we group the potential antecedent variables based on Stam’s (European Planning Studies, 23(9):1759-1769, 2015) EE framework. The results show large differences in the effect sizes and relevance of EE elements. Based on the empirical results, three relevant elements underlying all EEs are identified: demand, talent, and finance. Our results remain robust after using different methods for variable grouping, applying meta-analytic regression, and controlling for country, publication specifics, and grouping errors. Propositions for building an EE theory are derived, and future research opportunities are discussed, as well as policy implications.
Removal of graffiti paint from construction materials coated with TiO2-based photocatalysts
Authors: Jimenez-Relinque Eva , Rubiano Francisco Jose , Castellote Marta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGraffiti on construction materials has significant social and economic impacts, especially on artistic and historical artefacts. Anti-graffiti protective coatings are used to generate low surface energies that limit graffiti adhesion to the surface, thereby reducing surface damage and facilitating removal. The anti-graffiti properties of three commercial TiO2-based coatings were tested under outdoor exposure conditions using four colours of graffiti paint (red, blue, black, and white). Chemical removers were used to clean the stained surfaces to understand the impact of the photocatalytic coatings during the conventional cleaning procedure. The effectiveness of cleaning was assessed by visual observations, colour measurements, and the percentage of residual stain. The anti-graffiti efficacy was strongly dependent on the colour of the graffiti and characteristics of the TiO2 coating. The cleaning performance of TiO2-treated samples was likely related to the photocatalytic redox reactions that decompose the graffiti. Additionally, their hydrophilicity may also prevent the adhesion and/or penetration of graffiti paint on the surface and/or pore matrix.
Assessment of climate change impact and resource-use efficiency of lettuce production in vertical farming and greenhouse production in Finland: a case study
Authors: Joensuu Katri , Kotilainen Titta , Räsänen Kati , Rantanen Marja , Usva Kirsi , Silvenius Frans 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Our aim in this study was to examine lettuce production in vertical farming or in conventional greenhouse production in Northern European conditions from the perspective of climate change impact and environmental sustainability. Further, the goal was to identify practices and choices that could mitigate adverse effects and increase resource-use efficiency, allowing the development of more sustainable production systems.

Methods
This article provides new information of the environmental impacts of lettuce production in greenhouses and vertical farming in Finland, compared using the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. The impact categories used were climate change impact, cumulative energy demand, resource use of fossil energy sources, resource use of minerals and metals, land use, and water scarcity. The system boundaries covered the production chains from cradle to farmgate, including inputs in production, as well as direct emissions caused by fertiliser use and the onsite composting of organic waste. The environmental impacts of the two production systems with different energy scenarios were assessed: (1) a greenhouse either with average or renewable energy; and (2) vertical farming either with average or renewable energy and with or without waste heat recovery. The data for vertical farming were based on one Finnish production site and supplementary data for the construction materials. The greenhouse data were based on a previous LCA investigation of average Finnish lettuce production.

Results
The climate change and all other impact categories were lowest for lettuce produced in vertical farming with renewable energy and waste heat recovery. The climate change impact was largest for lettuce produced in greenhouse with average energy use. For energy use and energy resource use, the impacts of vertical farming were lower than greenhouse production, but for mineral and metal use and water scarcity, the impact of vertical farming was higher for average energy use without heat recovery. Direct land and irrigation water use on the production sites in Finnish circumstances represented only a small share of total land-use and water-use impacts on both production methods.

Conclusion
Paying attention to the energy source and heat recovery, the environmental sustainability can be advanced in both vertical and greenhouse production systems.
An exploration of fibre intake and bowel function in a sample of adults at an Irish university campus
Authors: Lynch Ellen , Mulligan Sophie , Doyle Suzanne L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Bowel dysfunction can significantly impair quality of life. Adequate fibre intake is associated with good bowel health but intakes have been reported to be low in Ireland.

Aim
This study aimed to gather data on fibre intake and bowel habits in a cohort of adults at a university campus in Dublin, Ireland.

Methods
An online questionnaire was developed by adapting validated tools to assess habitual fibre intake and bowel function. The questionnaire was circulated through mailing lists and advertised via QR codes on campus in February/March 2023. Data was analysed using SPSS, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
In total, 275 valid responses were received. Low fibre intakes (< 19 g/day) were found in 50.5% of participants. A significantly higher proportion of males had low fibre intake compared to females (62.2% vs 44.8%, p = 0.039). Nearly a third (30.2%) of respondents experienced mild symptoms of bowel dysfunction, and 13.1% experienced moderate to severe symptoms. An inverse relationship was observed between fibre intake (g/day) and bowel dysfunction (p = 0.033).

Conclusions
In this cohort, low fibre intakes and some degree of bowel dysfunction were prevalent. Public health campaigns to increase fibre intake could prove to be a cost-effective way to improve bowel function and health amongst adults in Ireland.