bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of tibial shaft fractures in sheep using interlocking nails, Schanz screws and type I external fixators
Authors: Piórek A. , Adamiak Z. , Zhalniarovich Y. , Jaskólska M. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a study of the treatment of transverse tibial shaft fractures in six sheep with the use of interlocking nails and type I extemal fixators. During surgery, tibial osteotomy was performed to induce an experimental fracture which was stabilized using a type I extemal fixator. Osteosynthesis was monitored for nine weeks by performing clinical tests, observing the degree of lameness and subjecting the patients to weekly radiological examinations. After nine weeks, the animals were euthanized, and samples of bone callus were sampled for histopathological analyses. Weight bearing on the fractured limb began on day 2 to 4 after treatment. Limb function was fully restored around five weeks after surgery. Radiograms taken during the observation period revealed gradual hyperplasia and progressing mineralization of bone callus at different stages of healing. The histopathological picture of the bone callus was characteristic of the phase of bone turnover and remodeling.
Overexpression of aldolase A and cytokeratin 19 in ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kycko A. , Reichert M. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) is a transmissible lung cancer of sheep caused by jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV). In the present study the protein profiles of five neoplastic and three non-neoplastic sheep lung tissues were examined for the identification of proteins overexpressed in ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Lung sections of the experimental group of sheep were collected during necropsies for proteomic and immunohistochemical examination. Two dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) was performed using gel strips with immobilized pH gradient 3-10. As a result of 2DE gel analysis 14 spots characterized by over 2-fold higher expression in tumour proteomes were selected for mass spectrometry. In eleven spots more than one polypeptide was identified indicating overlapping of proteins in gels. In two spots demonstrating over 3-fold higher expression in OPA proteomes, single proteins: cytokerarin 19 (CK19) and aldolase A were identified. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that CK19 and aldolase A were expressed in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of bronchioles in non-neoplastic lung sections, as well as epithelial cells of bronchioles and neoplastic cells in lung sections of OPA affected sheep. The results indicate that the overexpression of the two proteins reflects the presence of neoplastic cells in the lungs of OPA affected sheep.
Antimicrobial resistance and genotypes of staphylococci from bovine milk and the cowshed environment
Authors: Kot B. , Piechota M. , Antos-Bielska M. , Zdunek E. , Wolska K.M. , Binek T. , Olszewska J. , Guliński P. , Trafny E.A. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Investigation of antimicrobial resistance and genetic relatedness of staphylococci from milk of cows with mastitis and cowshed environment was the aim of this study. Antimicrobial resistance against 14 antimicrobials were determined by using a disc diffusion method. Genetic similarity between the most frequently isolated species was analysed by PFGE (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis). Haemolytic activity, DNase, protease and esterase production was also investigated. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species were isolated from 30.8% of milk samples from cows with mastitis. The most frequently isolated species was Staphylococcus xylosus and yield of these organisms was significantly associated with milk of mastitis cows. S. epidermidis was a predominant penicillin-resistant species. High frequency of resistance to lincomycin was observed among isolates of S. sciuri (54.2%) and S. xylosus (25.9%) from cows with mastitis. PFGE (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) analysis of 29 Staphylococcus aureus isolates showed the presence of 17 PFGE pulsotypes. Isolates of S. sciuri (n=36) had unique PFGE patterns. Some S. xylosus isolates from milk and milker’s hands had the same PFGE pulsotypes, and this observation could indicate that dairyman may be a potential source of the infection. The pulsotype of each of the remaining isolates of S. xylosus suggested that they might have come from common environmental sources; however, these isolates differed in antibiotic resistance pattern or virulence traits. Therefore, knowledge about antibiotic sensitivity pattern and virulence factors of a CNS isolate, besides its genotype, may be informative in tracking the source of the infection.
Biochemical markers of bone turnover during pregnancy in horses: a longitudinal study
Authors: Greiner C. , Cavalier E. , Remy B. , Gabriel A. , Farnir F. , Gajewski Z. , Carstanjen B. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The effect of pregnancy on bone metabolism was investigated in healthy mares. Venous blood samples were collected 7 times from 19 multiparous mares starting at 20-weeks pre-parturition, continuing 6 times in 4-week intervals, including the week of parturition and one week after parturition. Serum concentrations of osteocalcin (OC) and carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) were determined. Measurement cycles and age had a significant (p < 0.01) influence on OC and CTX-I values. Pregnancy influenced bone metabolism with peak bone formation and resorption values around the time of parturition.
Influence of temperature on survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in stored cattle slurry with respect to environmental biosafety
Authors: Wroński G. , Budzińska K. , Szejniuk B. , Jurek A. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of temperature, i.e. 4 and 20oC on the Escherichia coli O157:H7 survival time in a stored cattle slurry in a laboratory model experiment. The results of this investigation indicated that the tested microorganisms underwent a gradual elimination in the cattle slurry, whereas their inactivation rate was clearly dependent on the temperature. A higher survival rate was found in Escherichia coli O157:H7 at 4oC where a theoretical survival time of these microorganisms, determined using a regression analysis, amounted to 83 days. Our study indicates that there is a necessity for the slurry to undergo hygienization processes and that a constant monitoring of liquid animal excreta in search for pathogenic microorganisms is required.
Preparation of compost using layer droppings with different materials
Authors: Khatun H , Alam F , Hashem MA , Rahman SME 
Published: March 2013

The experiment was carried out by anaerobic composting with layer droppings (T1), layer droppings with straw (T2), layer droppings with fodder residues (T3) and layer droppings with saw dust (T4) under soil surface to study the suitable method with layer droppings and their nutrient composition. The sample from composted materials was collected at 0, 10, 20 and 30 d for proximate analysis. In 30 d of composting dry matter and organic matter were gradually decreased in every method and which were also differed among the treatments (p<0.01). Crude protein (CP) gradually increased in every method and was higher in T3 (19.43%) and then T1 (18.93%), T4 (15.99%) and T2 (14.61%) (p<0.01) at 20 d of composting. The crude fiber content gradually decreased in every method and was higher in T2 followed by T4, T1 and T3 (p<0.01) considerably with the composting period. Ash content was increased in all treatments with the advancing of composting period (p<0.01). The C/N ratio was higher in T4 (22.4) followed by T2 (22.2), T1 (22.0) and T3 (21.9) (p<0.01) considerably with the composting period. The PH value in all treatments decreased up to first ten days then gradually increased with the increase of composting period. The pH value was higher in T1 (8.54) followed by T2 (8.15), T3 (8.10) and T4 (8.00) (p<0.01) at 30 d of composting period. The proximate compositions of all treatments were in acceptable range up to the end of composting period. Therefore, the results suggest that composting layer droppings with fodder residues improve the nutritional value of compost at 20d of composting time.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i2.14131Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2012. 41 (2): 120-123
Sport, race, et politique : Taboo et la réception du discours sur les aptitudes athlétiques des races aux États-Unis
Authors: Martin-Breteau Nicolas 
Published: March 2013

Cet article entend explorer la réception et la controverse autour de la publication aux États-Unis de l’ouvrage de Jon Entine, Taboo . D’après ce livre, les races humaines seraient différentes du point de vue athlétique car elles seraient « naturellement » inégales en termes d’« aptitudes » physiques. L’étude de la réception très contrastée de l’ouvrage, allant du soutien enthousiaste au rejet total, permet de mettre en valeur la permanence de la question des différences raciales aux États-Unis et pose le problème de l’utilisation de la science pour la promotion de buts politiques et de la liberté d’expression dans le champ académique. Cette étude permet aussi d’appréhender l’intérêt plus que jamais vivace dans le grand public pour les implications sociales et politiques supposées des résultats de la recherche génétique. Elle permet enfin de prendre la mesure des défis posés aux sciences de la nature et aux sciences sociales, notamment dans la délimitation de leur champ d’expertise académique.
How Lipschitz Functions Characterize the Underlying Metric Spaces
Authors: Li Lei , Wang Ya-Shu 
Published: March 2013

AbstractLetXandYbe metric spaces andE,Fbe Banach spaces. Suppose that bothXandYare realcompact, or bothE, Fare realcompact. The zero set of a vector-valued function ƒ is denoted byz(ƒ). A linear bijection T between local or generalized Lipschitz vector-valued function spaces is said to preserve zero-set containments or nonvanishing functions ifrespectively. Every zero-set containment preserver, and every nonvanishing function preserver when dimE= dimF<+∞, is a weighted composition operator. We show that the mapτ:Y→Xis a locally (little) Lipschitz homeomorphism.
Pôles de convergence, gains dynamiques de l’intégration économique et monétaire en Afrique de l’Ouest : une approche en termes de clusters
Authors: Semedo Gervasio , Gautier Laurent , Bensafta Kamel Malik 
Published: March 2013

L’expérience européenne avec la création du marché unique et jusqu’à l’avènement du traité de Maastricht a montré que le pragmatisme politique et l’adoption de règles transparentes, constituent des moyens de réduire les fractures structurelles entre pays. Toutefois, l’élargissement à de nouveaux pays membres, le relâchement de la discipline budgétaire, l’asymétrie des pays aux chocs, la pression des marchés, les politiques budgétaires différenciées des pays membres en Europe, ont montré avec la crise de la dette du Portugal, de l’Irlande, de la Grèce et de l’Espagne, que sans direction claire dans la coordination des politiques économiques, l’adoption d’une monnaie unique peut aboutir à des limites de tout processus d’intégration économique et monétaire. Les zones monétaires connaissent ainsi des cycles de réussite, de contrainte et d’exposition à des risques d’éclatement, si des mesures politiques adaptées ne sont pas prises pour anticiper les conséquences des politiques dites de cavalier seul; le fédéralisme est une issue souhaitable pour éviter cette mauvaise issue.Sur la base des règles proches du traité de Maastricht et de la théorie des zones monétaires optimales combinées dans une approche en termes declusters, nous construisons une grille de lecture pour analyser l’hétérogénéité structurelle des pays de la Communauté économique des États d’Afrique de l’Ouest. En utilisant la méthode de la classification ascendante hiérarchique (CAH), nous identifions des sous-groupes homogènes entre pays ouclustersdésirant former une union monétaire ou des pôles de convergences. Dans la perspective de l’intégration monétaire, ces pôles peuvent tout d’abord s’entendre sur des accords de paiement et de compensation puis étendre l’expérience à une monnaie commune jusqu’à l’unification monétaire.Ce travail examine tout d’abord le bien-fondé du regroupement économique et monétaire et identifie deux groupes : l’un relativement homogène – Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine (UEMOA), Cap-Vert, Ghana – et l’autre en voie de consolidation à plus long terme. Dans l’optique d’établir une monnaie unique, des recommandations de politiques économiques pour chacun desclustersidentifiés sont proposées.
Le mariage à l’épreuve : les défis du partenariat de même sexe et de la procréation médicalement assistée en Suisse1
Authors: Engeli Isabelle , Roca i Escoda Marta 
Published: March 2013

Afin de rendre compte des luttes définitionnelles qui visent à transformer ou à préserver le sens du mariage en tant qu’institution de l’hétérosexualité, cet article examine deux débats clés qui ont récemment mis à l’épreuve l’institution du mariage en Suisse : l’institutionnalisation juridique des couples de même sexe avec l’adoption de la loi fédérale sur le partenariat et la préservation du schéma familial hétérosexuel avec la loi fédérale sur la procréation médicalement assistée. Ce texte défend que pour saisir l’évolution du sens politique accordé au mariage et à la famille dans les débats sur le partenariat homosexuel, il convient d’étudier le processus d’institutionnalisation des couples homosexuels dans une temporalité longue prenant place sur différentes scènes législatives.
La juridification ou le droit comme matrice de l’action collective : la revendication du droit au mariage entre personnes du même sexe
Authors: Paternotte David 
Published: March 2013

Les rapports entre action collective des minorités et droit ont souvent été décrits à partir de la notion de judiciarisation. Cet article propose un autre regard, mettant en lumière le phénomène de juridification. Celui-ci insiste sur le caractère matriciel acquis par le droit dans l’action collective. À partir de l’exemple de la revendication de l’ouverture du mariage par les couples de même sexe en Belgique, en France et en Espagne, il montre que le droit peut occuper une place centrale sans que les mouvements sociaux étudiés n’aient intensivement recours à l’action judiciaire. Le droit apparaît en amont, comme une matrice à partir de laquelle les revendications sont formulées. Dans le cadre de la revendication du mariage, ce phénomène est étroitement lié à l’adoption d’une définition de l’égalité en tant qu’inverse de la discrimination. Ce rapport spécifique au droit ne se limite pas à la question du mariage et traduit des mutations plus profondes des mouvements gais et lesbiens. Quatre changements sont examinés : l’engagement militant de professionnels du droit, un changement de génération militante, l’institutionnalisation et la professionnalisation du mouvement, sa transnationalisation et la transformation de la notion de droits humains.
Advances in Lectin Microarray Technology: Optimized Protocols for Piezoelectric Print Conditions
Authors: Pilobello Kanoelani T. , Agrawal Praveen , Rouse Richard , Mahal Lara K. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractLectin microarray technology has been used to profile the glycosylation of a multitude of biological and clinical samples, leading to new clinical biomarkers and advances in glycobiology. Lectin microarrays, which include >90 plant lectins, recombinant lectins, and selected antibodies, are used to profile N‐linked, O‐linked, and glycolipid glycans. The specificity and depth of glycan profiling depends upon the carbohydrate‐binding proteins arrayed. The current set targets mammalian carbohydrates including fucose, high mannose, branched and complex N‐linked, α‐ and β‐galactose and GalNAc, α‐2,3‐ and α‐2,6‐sialic acid, LacNAc, and Lewis X epitopes. Previous protocols have described the use of a contact microarray printer for lectin microarray production. Here, an updated protocol that uses a non‐contact, piezoelectric printer, which leads to increased lectin activity on the array, is presented. Optimization of print and sample hybridization conditions and methods of analysis are discussed. Curr. Protoc. Chem. Biol. 5:1‐23 © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Carpal Coalition
Authors: DeFazio Michael V. , Cousins Benjamin J. , Miversuski Roberto Augusto , Cardoso Roy 
Published: March 2013

Background Carpal coalition is a relatively common, yet poorly recognized, anomaly that may present independently or in association with syndromic or metabolic disorders. While largely asymptomatic, symptoms may manifest secondary to biomechanical stress at the site of fusion. The purpose of this report is to describe 103 cases of carpal synostosis and provide a review of the etiology, classification, and clinical significance of intercarpal fusion. Method Retrospective review of medical and radiographic records was conducted on all patients with identified carpal coalitions, between 2008 and 2012, at our institution. Demographic and historical data regarding trauma, infection, documented joint disease, and prior wrist symptomatology were analyzed for each case, and radiographic evaluation of carpal alignment was performed. Results A total of 103 cases of carpal coalition, among 85 individuals, were reviewed. All cases presented asymptomatically with the highest proportion noted among individuals of African-Caribbean descent. The most frequent variant in our study population was lunate–triquetral coalition, which was present in 92 of the 103 identified cases. None of the cases evaluated in this study demonstrated clinical or radiographic evidence of carpal mal-alignment or instability. Conclusion The results of our investigation demonstrate that carpal coalition presented most frequently among individuals of African-Caribbean descent. While the prevalence of this condition has yet to be studied specifically in Hispanic and African-Caribbean populations, our findings may reflect the genetic linkage between these and certain West African populations. To our knowledge, this represents the largest clinical series of carpal coalition in the English literature.
The role of contingent self‐worth in the relation between victimization and internalizing problems in adolescents☆
Authors: Ghoul Assia , Niwa Erika Y. , Boxer Paul 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTPeer victimization can challenge mental health, yet limited research has considered contingent self‐worth as a moderator of that relation. This study examined the relation of peer victimization to major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social phobia during adolescence, and contingent self‐worth as a hypothesized moderator of those relations. Self‐report data from adolescents (N = 716; Mage = 15.95; 94% ethnic/racial minority; 63% female) illustrated that peer victimization and contingent self‐worth had significant additive effects on internalizing problems. Moderation analyses suggested that higher levels of contingent self‐worth amplify the effect of victimization on internalizing problems. For social phobia, this effect appeared to be salient only for boys. Peer victimization and bullying are receiving increased national attention and these results underscore the impact of victimization on adolescent mental health. However, interventions targeting self‐worth as a possible protective factor should be cautious not to over‐emphasize externalities in the maintenance of self‐worth.
A semi-invertible operator Oseledets theorem
Authors: GONZÁLEZ-TOKMAN CECILIA , QUAS ANTHONY 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSemi-invertible multiplicative ergodic theorems establish the existence of an Oseledets splitting for cocycles of non-invertible linear operators (such as transfer operators) over an invertible base. Using a constructive approach, we establish a semi-invertible multiplicative ergodic theorem that for the first time can be applied to the study of transfer operators associated to the composition of piecewise expanding interval maps randomly chosen from a set of cardinality of the continuum. We also give an application of the theorem to random compositions of perturbations of an expanding map in higher dimensions.
Sharp polynomial bounds on the number of Pollicott–Ruelle resonances
Authors: DATCHEV KIRIL , DYATLOV SEMYON , ZWORSKI MACIEJ 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe give a sharp polynomial bound on the number of Pollicott–Ruelle resonances. These resonances, which are complex numbers in the lower half-plane, appear in expansions of correlations for Anosov contact flows. The bounds follow the tradition of upper bounds on the number of scattering resonances and improve a recent bound of Faure and Sjöstrand. The complex scaling method used in scattering theory is replaced by an approach using exponentially weighted spaces introduced by Helffer and Sjöstrand in scattering theory and by Faure and Sjöstrand in the theory of Anosov flows.
Binge eating in adults: prevalence and association with obesity, poor self-rated health status and body dissatisfaction
Authors: de França Giovanny Vinícius Araújo , Gigante Denise Petrucci , Olinto Maria Teresa Anselmo 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of episodes of binge eating and to assess potential associations with nutritional status, satisfaction with current body weight, self-rated health status and self-rated body weight.DesignA cross-sectional population-based study. Binge eating was assessed using adapted questions from the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns and was defined as binging one or more times over the last 3 months before the interview.SettingCity of Pelotas, southern Brazil.SubjectsIndividuals (n2097) aged 20–59 years.ResultsThe prevalence of binge eating and recurrent binge eating was 7·9 % and 2·7 %, respectively. In the adjusted analysis, obesity, fair/poor self-rated health status and body dissatisfaction remained strongly associated with binge eating.ConclusionsThe study showed a high prevalence of binge eating among adults in Pelotas, being higher among younger women, the obese and those who desired to weigh less. The current results are informative, but longitudinal studies would be needed to demonstrate the causal relationship between these events.