bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors for selection of outpatient single‐port robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Soputro Nicolas A. , Ramos‐Carpinteyro Roxana , Chavali Jaya S. , Pedraza Adriana M. , Mikesell Carter D. , Kaouk Jihad 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the different perioperative variables that may serve as important clinical predictors when selecting patients for outpatient single‐port robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (SP‐RARP).Patients and MethodsA retrospective review was performed on the Institutional Review Board‐approved, prospectively maintained database to identify 485 consecutive patients who underwent SP‐RARP between 2018 and 2023. A comparison analysis was performed on patients who were managed as outpatients vs inpatients following their respective SP‐RARP. A separate analysis was performed after excluding patients with pre‐planned admissions to identify the risk factors for unplanned admissions.ResultsAll procedures were successfully completed without any conversion or additional ports. After excluding patients with pre‐planned admissions, outpatient SP‐RARP was successfully achieved in 86.6% with a median (interquartile range) length of stay of 4.6 (3.8–6.1) hours. Our multivariate regression analysis identified cardiac comorbidity and preoperative International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) as predictors of outpatient SP‐RARP. In addition, the absence of cardiac comorbidity, previous abdominal surgery, and lower postoperative pain score were protective against the risk of unplanned admission. Furthermore, both inpatient and outpatient encounters had comparable 90‐day rates of postoperative complication (P = 0.136) and hospital re‐admission (P = 0.942).ConclusionOutpatient management models could be successfully achieved in most patients who underwent SP‐RARP (86.6%) while maintaining similarly low perioperative morbidity profile. Nevertheless, appropriate patient selection based on the baseline clinicodemographic characteristics remains essential to ensure the safety and ongoing success of outpatient SP‐RARP.
Iris melanoma in an Australian cohort
Authors: McGrath Lindsay A. , Warrier Sunil K. , Glasson William J. , D'Mellow Matthew G. , Hamilton Hayley R. , Palmer Jane M. , Brooks Kelly M. , Johansson Peter A. , Hayward Nicholas K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo report the clinicopathological features and epidemiology of iris melanoma in Queensland, Australia.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 86 patients with iris melanoma treated between 2001 and 2022 at the Queensland Ocular Oncology Service, Brisbane, Australia. Main outcome measures included demographics, clinical and phenotypic features, age‐adjusted incidence and relative survival.ResultsEighty‐six patients (63% female) were included. Mean age was 54 years (range 17–82 years). The majority of patients (97%) were Caucasian, with blue eyes, fair skin and Fitzpatrick Skin Type I or II. Demographic features and clinical history showed a tendency for high ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure in the cohort. Histopathology was available in 69 cases (82%), and of these, 77% tumours were of spindle cell origin, with low‐risk genetic profiles. Patients were followed for a mean of 8 years (median 7, range 1–21 years) after diagnosis, and only one case of metastasis was documented.ConclusionsThe association of iris freckles, history of UVR exposure and dermatologic findings supports the role of UVR in iris melanoma. Occupation and avocation history, as well as evaluation of iris freckles may offer an easily accessible way of stratifying the risk of an individual for development of UVR‐related uveal melanoma.
LncRNA H19 knockdown promotes neuropathologic and functional recovery via the Nrf2/HO‐1 axis after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Chen Qiankang , Wu Biwu , Shi Ziyu , Wang Yana , Yuan Yiwen , Chen Xingdong , Wang Yuqing , Hu Jin , Mao Leilei , Gao Yanqin , Wu Gang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsTraumatic brain injury (TBI) stands as a significant concern in public health, frequently leading to enduring neurological deficits. Long non‐coding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19) exerts a potential regulator role in the pathology of brain injury. This study investigates the effects of lncRNA H19 knockdown (H19‐KD) on the pathophysiology of TBI and its potential neuroprotective mechanisms.MethodsControlled cortical impact was employed to establish a stable TBI mouse model. The expression levels of various genes in perilesional cortex and striatum tissue after TBI was detected by RT‐qPCR. AAV9‐shRNA‐H19 was injected into the lateral ventricle of mice to knockdown the expression of lncRNA H19. Various behavioral tests were performed to evaluate sensorimotor and cognitive functions after TBI. Immunofluorescence and Nissl staining were performed to assess brain tissue damage and neuroinflammation. The Nrf2 and HO‐1 expression was performed by Western blot.ResultsAfter TBI, the expression of lncRNA H19 was elevated in perilesional tissue and gradually reverted to baseline. Behavioral tests demonstrated that H19‐KD significantly promoted the recovery of sensorimotor and cognitive functions after TBI. Besides, H19‐KD reduced brain tissue loss, preserved neuronal integrity, and ameliorated white matter damage at the histological level. In addition, H19‐KD restrained the pro‐inflammatory and facilitated anti‐inflammatory phenotypes of microglia/macrophages, attenuating the neuroinflammatory response after TBI. Furthermore, H19‐KD promoted activation of the Nrf2/HO‐1 axis after TBI, while suppression of Nrf2 partially abolished the neuroprotective effect.ConclusionH19‐KD exerts neuroprotective effects after TBI in mice, partially mediated by the activation of the Nrf2/HO‐1 axis.
De Novo Urological Malignancies After Renal Transplantation: An Asian 30‐Year Experience
Authors: Lee Han Jie , Lim Ee Jean , Woo Shauna Jia Qian , Aslim Edwin J. , Ng Lay Guat , Gan Valerie Huei Li 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAs the incidence of urological malignancies after renal transplantation (RT) is observed to be greater than in the general population, a better understanding of them is important. We present our experience with urological tumors in RT recipients at our transplant center, and analyze their incidence, management and outcomes.Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis of 2177 RT recipients on follow‐up at our center between 1990 and 2022 was conducted for de novo genitourinary malignancy. Patients diagnosed with malignancy before transplantation were excluded. Clinicopathological data at diagnosis and follow‐up were collected and analyzed. Kaplan‐Meier estimates were used to evaluate overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS). Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS v.24 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).ResultsThe overall incidence of Urological malignancies was 3.9%, with 89 cancers diagnosed in 85 patients. Renal cell carcinoma was most common (n = 61, 68.5%), followed by prostate cancer (n = 10, 11.2%), urothelial carcinoma (n = 10, 11.2%), squamous cell carcinoma of the penis/scrotum (n = 7, 7.9%), and testicular cancer (n = 1, 1.1%). Mean duration between transplantation and diagnosis of malignancy was 9.9 (0.4–20.7) years. At a median follow‐up of 4.6 (018.2) years, 27 deaths were seen; 7(25.9%) were due to urological malignancy. CSS rates were 86% and 78% at five and ten years, respectively, after diagnosis.ConclusionWe present one of the largest series of de novo urological malignancies observed over an extended 30‐year follow‐up of RT recipients, demonstrating an elevated risk in line with other studies. Regular surveillance for malignancies is advised, in order to ensure early diagnosis and management.
Improving the sustainability of arable cropping systems by modifying root traits: A modelling study for winter wheat
Authors: Coucheney Elsa , Kätterer Thomas , Meurer Katharina H. E. , Jarvis Nicholas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractModifying root systems by crop breeding has been attracting increasing attention as a potentially effective strategy to enhance the sustainability of agriculture by increasing soil organic matter (SOM) stocks and soil quality, whilst maintaining or even improving yields. We used the new soil‐crop model USSF (Uppsala model of Soil Structure and Function) to investigate the potential of this management strategy using winter wheat as a model crop. USSF combines a simple (generic) crop growth model with physics‐based descriptions of soil water flow, water uptake and transpiration by plants. It also includes a model of the interactions between soil structure dynamics and organic matter turnover that considers the effects of physical protection and microbial priming on the decomposition of SOM. The model was first calibrated against field data on soil water contents and both above‐ground and root biomass of winter wheat measured during one growing season in a clay soil in Uppsala, Sweden using the GLUE method to identify five ‘acceptable’ parameter sets. We created four model crops (ideotypes) by modifying root‐related parameters to mimic winter wheat phenotypes with improved root traits. Long‐term (30‐year) simulations of a conventionally tilled monoculture of winter wheat were then performed to evaluate the potential effects of cultivating these ideotypes on the soil water balance, soil organic matter stocks and grain yields. Our results showed that ideotypes with deeper root systems or root systems that are more effective for water uptake increased grain yields by 3% and SOM stocks in the soil profile by ca. 0.4%–0.5% in a 30‐year perspective (as an average of the five parameter sets). An ideotype in which below‐ground allocation of dry matter was increased at the expense of stem growth gave even larger increases in SOM stocks (ca. 1.4%). An ideotype combining all three modifications (deeper and more effective root systems and greater root production) showed even more promising results: compared with the baseline scenario, surface runoff decreased while yields were predicted to increase by ca. 7% and SOM stocks in the soil profile by ca. 2%, which is roughly equivalent to ca. 20% of the 4‐per‐mille target (https://4p1000.org/).
Learning to walk in the forest
Authors: Lew‐Levy Sheina , Boyette Adam H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper examines how BaYaka children from the Congo Basin learn to “walk in the forest” (botamboli na ndima). Specifically, after placing forest walking within historical and ethnographic context, we consider how this practice contributes to BaYaka motor, cognitive, and social development, and thus, to the acquisition of culture. To do so, we draw from our own observations and those of other researchers working throughout the region. We outline four ways in which “walking in the forest” is directly and indirectly socialized: through motion‐full caregiving in infancy, play and cooperative foraging in early and middle childhood, and exploration in adolescence. Taking “walking in the forest” as a focal point, we argue that the specific ways in which caregivers enhance learning are grounded in BaYaka subsistence and forest management practices, and that learning to walk in the forest is central to the maintenance of BaYaka social networks and the flow of knowledge in the Congo Basin.
Predicting early depression in WZT drawing image based on deep learning
Authors: Kim Kyung‐yeul , Yang Young‐bo , Kim Mi‐ra , Kim Jihie , Park Ji Su 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhen stress causes negative behaviours to emerge in our daily lives, it is important to intervene quickly and appropriately to control the negative problem behaviours. Questionnaires, a common method of information gathering, have the disadvantage that it is difficult to get the exact information needed due to defensive or insincere responses from subjects. As an alternative to these drawbacks, projective testing using pictures can provide the necessary information more accurately than questionnaires because the subject responds subconsciously and the direct experience expressed through pictures can be more accurate than questionnaires. Analysing hand‐drawn image data with the Wartegg Zeichen Test (WZT) is not easy. In this study, we used deep learning to analyse image data represented as pictures through WZT to predict early depression. We analyse the data of 54 people who were judged as early depression and 54 people without depression, and increase the number of people without depression to 100 and 500, and aim to study in unbalanced data. We use CNN and CNN‐SVM to analyse the drawing images of WZT's initial depression with deep learning and predict the outcome of depression. The results show that the initial depression is predicted with 92%–98% accuracy on the image data directly drawn by WZT. This is the first study to automatically analyse and predict early depression in WZT based on hand‐drawn image data using deep learning models. The extraction of features from WZT images by deep learning analysis is expected to create more research opportunities through the convergence of psychotherapy and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) technology, and is expected to have high growth potential.
RNA‐sequencing reveals a shared neurotranscriptomic profile in the medial preoptic area of highly social songbirds and rats
Authors: Polzin Brandon J. , Zhao Changjiu , Stevenson Sharon A. , Gammie Stephen C. , Riters Lauren V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRough‐and‐tumble play in juvenile rats and song in flocks of adult songbirds outside a breeding context (gregarious song) are two distinct forms of non‐sexual social behavior. Both are believed to play roles in the development of sociomotor skills needed for later life‐history events, including reproduction, providing opportunities for low‐stakes practice. Additionally, both behaviors are thought to be intrinsically rewarded and are associated with a positive affective state. Given the functional similarities of these behaviors, this study used RNA‐sequencing to identify commonalities in their underlying neurochemical systems within the medial preoptic area. This brain region is implicated in multiple social behaviors, including song and play, and is highly conserved across vertebrates. DESeq2 and rank–rank hypergeometric overlap analyses identified a shared neurotranscriptomic profile in adult European starlings singing high rates of gregarious song and juvenile rats playing at high rates. Transcript levels for several glutamatergic receptor genes, such as GRIN1, GRIN2A, and GRIA1, were consistently upregulated in highly gregarious (i.e., playful/high singing) animals. This study is the first to directly investigate shared neuromodulators of positive, non‐sexual social behaviors across songbirds and mammals. It provides insight into a conserved brain region that may regulate similar behaviors across vertebrates.
Predicting tactile sensory attributes of personal care emulsions based on instrumental characterizations: A review
Authors: Akanny Elie , Kohlmann Christina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEmulsions in the form of creams, lotions, gels or foams are the most widely used personal care formulations to improve the condition and feel of the skin. Achieving an optimal balance between their performance, effectiveness and sensory profile is essential, with the sensory profile being a key factor in consumer satisfaction and the success of these products in the market. Well‐established methods using highly trained and semi‐trained panels (e.g. Spectrum descriptive analysis, Flash Profile method, Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method and ‘Check‐all‐that‐apply’) are available and commonly used for the sensory assessment of personal care products. Nevertheless, a common drawback among all these methods is their inherent cost, both in terms of financial resources and time requirements. In recent years, research studies have emerged to address this limitation by investigating potential correlations between tactile sensory attributes and instrumental data associated with the physical characteristics of topical formulations. In other words, significant efforts have been invested in the development of robust instrumental methods specifically designed to accurately predict the sensory description that a panel of assessors could establish. These methods are not only faster, cheaper and more objective compared to traditional sensory testing, but they can also be applied to formulations that have not undergone extensive safety and toxicological testing. This review summarizes the most relevant findings, trends and current challenges in predicting tactile sensory attributes of personal care emulsions based on instrumental parameters.
Evaluation method of dynamic indentation behavior of glass based on electromagnetic induction phenomena
Authors: Yoshida Satoshi , Kanehara Kazuki , Nagano Mikio , Sawamura Shigeki , Kobayashi Yusuke , Akiba Shusaku , Koike Akio , Adachi Tadaharu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractContact damage of glass is one of the most crucial issues for glass products. To develop strong and tough glass products and to compare damage resistance among glass compositions, a simple method for evaluating the mechanical response of glass during contact is required not only for glass mechanists but also for glass customers and suppliers. Although it is well known that the quasi‐static Vickers indentation test is one of the simplest and most useful methods to evaluate hardness and brittleness in glass, the indentation response of glass under the indenter at higher impact velocities remains to be quantitively understood because of the difficulty of measurement and limited experimental works. In this study, therefore, the dynamic indentation behavior of soda‐lime glass is evaluated by using a lab‐made free‐drop indentation set‐up with the coils for detecting electromotive forces (EMFs). The cono‐spherical indenter made of tungsten carbide attached with a neodymium magnet was employed to generate the EMFs when the indenter passed through the coils located near the glass sample. The impact load versus indentation depth curve during the impact within a few tens of microseconds was successfully obtained both for an elastic contact and for an inelastic contact. Under an elastic condition, where no residual indent nor any cracks were left on the glass surface after the test, it is confirmed that there is almost no hysteresis in the impact load versus indentation depth curve and that the curve can be reproduced by the Hertzian analytical solution. Under an inelastic condition, on the other hand, it is found that the hysteresis in the impact load versus indentation depth curve stems from inelastic phenomena, such as plastic deformation (shear flow and/or permanent densification) and cracking. These results suggest that the dynamic indentation technique based on electromagnetic induction phenomena is a useful and effective tool for evaluating the mechanical responses of glasses during the impact.
The effect of dispositional resilience on the relationship between professional quality of life and psychological distress factors of nurses during the pandemic: A three‐wave longitudinal study
Authors: Morando Martina , Gruttadauria Stefania Valeria , Platania Silvia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundCOVID‐19 overwhelmed all healthcare workers, especially nurses, who worked tirelessly in patient care in extremely stressful situations. Italy, with its hospital overcrowding and staff shortages, exacerbated these negative consequences.DesignA three‐wave prospective longitudinal‐design was adopted to use validated scales to examine the trend of stress, anxiety, depression and resilience on the professional quality of life of nurses who worked during the pandemic. During an 8‐month period, a sample of 411 individuals was recruited and surveyed three times.ResultsResilience showed an increasing positive trend from the first to the third wave, increasing its effects on the outcomes and demonstrating its important protective role. The compassion fatigue showed progressively higher scores in the three waves, indicating greater workload perception and greater difficulty in managing the patients' perceived stress. Burnout increased in the first compared to second waves but decreased significantly in the third wave, due to the effect of resilience on burnout that was significantly stronger in the third wave.ConclusionOur findings align with the literature about the role of resilience and emphasize the importance of investing in strategies aimed at developing resilience in healthcare workers and providing prevention and assistance to them in terms of job demands and unsustainable stressors.
The illusory correlation between parental alienation and other forms of family violence
Authors: Varavei Hesam , Harman Jennifer J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere has been considerable public discourse around courts allegedly “dismissing” mother's allegations of domestic violence and child abuse when a father alleges that he is being alienated from his children by their mother. The purpose of this project is to test whether this discourse is based on an illusory correlation. Published court decisions from 200 family court cases in Canada were sequentially selected if parental alienation was alleged to have happened to the father and abuse was alleged to have been perpetrated by the father. Independent coders recorded the investigative outcomes of the court cases regarding alienation and abuse, and whether the mother lost child custody. Results indicate that there is an illusory correlation between family court cases involving both allegations of abuse and parental alienation, and that mothers are generally not losing custody to abusive fathers in such rarely occurring cases.
Trophic microRNA: Post‐transcriptional regulation of target genes and larval development impairment in Plutella xylostella upon precursor and mature microRNA ingestion
Authors: Bardapurkar Rutwik , Binayak Gauri , Pandit Sagar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post‐transcriptional gene regulators. In the miRNA pathway's cytoplasmic part, the miRNA is processed from a hairpin‐structured precursor to a double‐stranded (ds) mature RNA and ultimately to a single‐stranded mature miRNA. In insects, ingesting these two ds forms can regulate the target gene expression; this inspired the trophic miRNA's use as a functional genomics and pest management tool. However, systematic studies enabling comparisons of pre‐ and mature forms, dosages, administration times and instar‐wise effects on target transcripts and phenotypes, which can help develop a miRNA administration method, are unavailable due to the different focuses of the previous investigations. We investigated the impact of trophically delivered Px‐let‐7 miRNA on the lepidopteran pest Plutella xylostella, to compare the efficacies of its pre‐ and ds‐mature forms. Continuous feeding on the miRNA‐supplemented diet suppressed expressions of FTZ‐F1 and E74, the target ecdysone pathway genes. Both the pre‐let‐7 and mature let‐7 miRNA forms similarly downregulated the target transcripts in all four larval instars. Pre‐let‐7 and let‐7 ingestions decreased larval mass and instar duration and increased mortality in all instars, exhibiting adverse effects on larval growth and development. miRNA processing Dicer‐1 and AGO‐1's upregulations upon miRNA ingestion denoted the systemic miRNA spread in larval tissues. The scrambled sequence controls did not affect the target transcripts, suggesting the sequence‐specific targeting by the mature miRNA and hairpin cassette's non‐involvement in the target downregulation. This work provides a framework for miRNA and target gene function analyses and potentiates the trophic miRNA's utility in pest management.