bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigación conducente a la elaboración de un texto integrado de Lectura.
Authors: Varas M. Norma , Herrera L. Ricardo , Sepúlveda E. Gastón 
Published: July 2024

La situación educativa de la IX Región. en el sector rural. arroja altos índices de deserción, abandono, ausentismo y magros niveles de rendimiento, indicadores que están dando cuenta de la inadecuación del sistema educativa para atender a las necesidades de aprendizaje de sus beneficiarios. Mas inadecuada es aun, si consideramos que en el sector rural más del 64 % de la matricula escolar es mapuche, lo que significa que los niños son portadores de una cultura y Iengua diferente, diferencias que reflejan un modo de vida, creencias, valores y costumbres que no están consideradas en los Planes y Programas de estudios. Resulta así, entonces, que el sistema educativo es inadecuado para atender a la diversidad lingüística, cultural y social de los niños campesinos e indígenas. Esta inadecuación se ve materializada en tos textos escolares entregados a todas Ias escuelas a lo largo del país.
Comunicación visual y desarrollo rural intercultural. Experiencia en la comuna de Lautaro, IX Región de Chile
Authors: De la Peña C. Patricia 
Published: July 2024

El presente trabajo pretende dar a conocer algunos puntos de vista relacionados can una de Ias formas de comunicación que ha logrado ponerse, en mayor o menor grado, al alcance del hombre actual, cual es el cine y la televisión, y su relación con el impacto que podría causar en las comunidades rurales en donde se encuentran en contacto las etnias mapuche y no mapuche. Las experiencias que se darán a conocer, se han llevado a cabo en el marco del plan integrado de Educación rural (PIER), iniciado en marzo de 1988, a partir de un Convenio que se estableció entre la Universidad de la frontera y la Municipalidad de Lautaro.
El Rol de la Escuela en la Comunidad Indígena.
Authors: Alvarez T. Juan 
Published: July 2024

Evidentemente y con gran dramatismo constatamos que esa disociación existe entre comunidad indígena y escuela, entendida esta última como educación nacional. Y es que los objetivos de ambas no son coincidentes, y mejor dicho son conflictivas, por provenir de culturas, ideologías, sistemas económicos, concepción del mundo muy opuestos. En vez de buscar una integración y valoración positiva y enriquecedora de ambos ''mundos''. el sistema de educación nacional ha encubierto un sistema de dominación cultural, que sin duda ha desencadenado consecuencias como: aculturación, pérdida de identidad. dependencia económica. migración, etc. En el otro lado, la comunidad resiste al etnocidio. con los elementos que ha podido preservar, cual más o menos integro: la tecnología, los sistemas de ayuda mutua. las costumbres, la Iengua, etc.
La Educación Indígena en América Latina
Authors: Chiodi. Francisco 
Published: July 2024

En este trabajo, propongo mostrar un panorama general de la educación bilingüe, buscando las pistas. a través de un análisis retrospectivo, de sus perspectivas futuras. Para ello, voy a tener como marco de referencia la situación de México, Guatemala, Perú. Ecuador, es decir, de las países donde la educación bilingüe tiene una historia más profunda y los alcances más importantes. ''Antes de entrar en el tema, conviene dejar anotadas algunas breves consideraciones sobre el indígena y su condición. Debe recordarse. ante todo, que no tenemos una información precisa sobre la presencia indígena en América Latina. dado que, por lo normal, los censos nacionales no consideran la variable sociolingüistica.
Biochemical Responses of Wheat Leaf Rust Disease by Using Silica and Orange Oil Nanoparticles
Authors: Gad Mohamed A. , Abdel-Halim Khaled Y. , Saleh Rania A. , Abdelmaksoud Hesham M. , Masoud Sanaa Abdalla 
Published: July 2024

The potential antifungal activity of different applications of biologically and chemically synthesized silica nanoparticles (NPs), orange oil NPs, and fungicide (Crwan® 25% EC) was investigated to control leaf rust disease of wheat. The obtained data showed that disease severity significantly decreased in all treated wheat plants compared to the control. Additionally, all applications enhanced the number of grains and grain weight /spike. The significant effects of different applications increased chlorophyll, carotenoid, phenolic, and protein contents. Moreover, they increased the activities of catalase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes compared to the control. Finally, the fungicide, Crwan® and the bio-synthesized silica nanoparticles (400 ppm), yielded the best results in our study compared to other applications, while orange oil NPs (200 ppm) were the least effective.
Amelioration of Cadmium Toxicity in the Liver and Kidney of Wistar Rats by Combined Citrus sinensis and Manihot esculenta Leaf Extract
Authors: Orororo O. C. , Efekemo O. , Egbune E. G. , Awhin E. P. , Odeghe O. B. , Okoro E. O. 
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the ameliorative role of combined Citrus sinensis and Manihot esculenta leaf extract in Cadmium toxicity in the kidney and liver of Wistar Rats. Extracts of cassava and orange leaf were obtained using standard protocols. Twelve adult female rats (165±2g) divided into 3 groups were treated as follows: Group 1 (Control group): given only normal rat feed and drinking water; Group 2 (Cd group (received): given a Cd (30mg/kg body weight) orally on first day and normal rat feed and water for the remaining days; Group 3 (Cd + combined leaf extract group): given Cd as in Group 2 above and combined extract at a dosage of 200mg/kg body weight orally everyday for14 days. They also received normal rat feed and water. A marked reduction in alanine amino transferases (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in the liver upon exposure to Cd with a corresponding upsurge in the activities of these enzymes in the serum was observed. In addition, Cd exposure led to significant rise in the levels of urea, creatinine and electrolytes in the serum. However there was significant amelioration in these parameters upon treatment of Cd-ingested rats with the combined leaf extract. This study showed that Cd induces hepato and nephro-toxicities in experimental animals but Manihot esculenta and Citrus sinensis leaves can be employed together in the amelioration of hepatic and neprotic injuries occasioned by Cd exposure.
Anthropogenic Influences on Water Quality in Molo River, Lake Baringo Basin
Authors: Gichana Zipporah 
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the influence of human activities on water quality parameters in the Molo River, one of the major inflow rivers of Lake Baringo. Monthly measurements of physical and chemical parameters were conducted for six months (February-July 2023) at sampling stations established along the river to represent areas with different human activities. Analysis of variance was used to test for significant differences in water quality parameters among sampling stations. The results revealed significant downstream increases (p < 0.05) in water temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and nutrients (total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus, and soluble reactive phosphorus) compared to upstream stations. Conversely, dissolved oxygen (DO) levels exhibited a downstream decrease. Sachangwan emerged as the most polluted sampling station with elevated levels of conductivity, total dissolved solids, total phosphorus, soluble reactive phosphorus, and ammonium nitrogen. In contrast, Sirindet recorded low pollutant levels. These observations are likely attributable to deforestation, agricultural practices, and point source pollution, which were more prevalent in downstream stations compared to the less disturbed upstream stations. The findings highlight the significant influence of human activities on the water quality along the Molo River. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing effective pollution control strategies to protect the Molo River and Lake Baringo.
Teachers’ Financial Literacy in Basic Education: A Case Study in Davao City, Philippines
Authors: Lopez Annaliza C. , Manguiob Ivy D. , Bauyot Marleonie M. 
Published: July 2024

Aims: This study assessed the current state of financial literacy among teachers in basic education in Davao City, to identify the factors that influence their financial literacy, and to explore the implications for policy and practice. It attempted to delve even more into their challenges, strategies, and significant insights.
Study Design: In the light of the case study approach, this study was qualitative. Data was collected using interviews, which were coded and analyzed for themes.
Place and Duration of Study: Division of Davao City participated in this study for School Year 2023-2024. Methodology: Seven (7) teachers from the Division of Davao City participated in this study, which was limited to their responses.
Results: Results revealed that participants' challenges in the study emerged in four main themes: financial strain insufficiency, financial struggles, emotional distress, and impacts teaching performance Meanwhile, when it comes to strategies to enhance the financial literacy of teachers in Davao City, three major themes were formulated: proactive pursuit of financial education, seeking financial guidance and expertise, and financial discipline. On the other hand, the participants in this case study shared their insights and suggestions when it comes to improving their financial literacy. Out of the common insights, two themes emerge. It includes financial literacy programs and financial planning.
Conclusion: Thus, researchers may look at further strategies in the future to address the problems. Further, they may look more closely at the specific financial difficulties that teachers in various places and demographic groups deal with in order to better tailor financial literacy initiatives.
Editorial
Authors: Tonholo Josealdo 
Published: July 2024

Compartilhamos com os leitores a satisfação de termos mais um número da revista Cadernos de Prospecção publicado. Essa satisfação encontra, porém, um contraponto negativo num cenário no qual interesses comerciais dominam as relações na sociedade como um todo e atingem também os processos editoriais no ambiente acadêmico.
A manutenção de um periódico científico requer o trabalho voluntário não só dos editores, dos membros do Conselho Editorial, mas também de dezenas de pesquisadores que realizam as avaliações de manuscritos. Esse trabalho voluntário, dedicado e criterioso, se manteve assim por muitos anos. Entretanto, ao longo do tempo, surgiu uma cultura, em especial nos cursos de pós-graduação stricto sensu, resumida na expressão publish or perish (publique ou pereça), desencadeando uma corrida para gerar altos valores nos indicadores de número de publicações. Essa corrida por bom desempenho em número de publicações tem trazido péssimas consequências, entre as quais, o grande número de publicações sem relevância e, mais recentemente, o surgimento de editoras com práticas predatórias.
Pode-se entender que editoras com práticas predatórias são aquelas em que os interesses comerciais prevalecem sobre os interesses acadêmicos, científicos ou éticos. São organizações que não utilizam boas práticas editoriais, não se preocupam com a transparência em seus processos de avaliação e de editoração, nem estão comprometidas com a boa qualidade ou confiabilidade do que publicam.
Por tudo isso, é extremamente importante valorizar os periódicos científicos sérios, éticos e comprometidos com a divulgação científica relevante, com avaliação por pares. Em especial, também é preciso valorizar os periódicos que, além do compromisso citado, se mantêm com processos de submissão gratuitos ou com valores módicos, apenas para pagar custos, como obtenção do Identificador de Objeto Digital (DOI), hospedagem de endereço eletrônico, etc.
Assim sendo, ao compartilhar com os leitores da revista Cadernos de Prospecção mais um conjunto de artigos que tratam de assuntos relacionados à Propriedade Intelectual, à Prospecção Tecnológica e à Transferência de Tecnologia, destacamos aqui o nosso agradecimento a todas as editoras que zelam pelas boas práticas editoriais e a todos e todas que participam, em geral voluntariamente, dessas editoras.
Ressaltamos que nesta edição estão publicadas 22 pesquisas de 65 autores de 22 instituições de 12 estados e quatro regiões do país,

Boa leitura!
Josealdo Tonholo
Professor do Programa de Pós-Graduação PROFNIT
Reitor da Universidade Federal de Alagoas
Cooperative Catalysis with Aldehydes and Copper: Development and Application in Aerobic Oxidative CH Amination at Room Temperature
Authors: Xie Yinjun , Qian Bo , Xie Pan , Huang Hanmin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA conceptually new cooperative catalytic system via a synergistic combination of aldehyde and copper catalysis has been established based on systemic mechanistic studies. This new cooperative catalysis has been successfully applied in the direct aerobic oxidative CH amination of azoles at room temperature, which was previously realized under harsh conditions. Mechanistic studies including isotopic labeling experiments and kinetic isotope effect (KIE) experiments support a reaction pathway that involves formation of an aminal, hydrolysis of the aminal to generate the copper‐amide species, subsequent CH amination and re‐oxidation of copper(I) to copper(II) by oxygen. It not only provides an efficient method to realize the oxidative CH amination of benzoxazoles with free amines at room temperature, but also paves the way for establishing new CN bond formation reactions by using this efficient cooperative catalysis.
Photon‐Upconverting Nanoparticles for Optical Encoding and Multiplexing of Cells, Biomolecules, and Microspheres
Authors: Gorris Hans H. , Wolfbeis Otto S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPhoton‐upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are lanthanide‐doped nanocrystals that emit visible light under near‐infrared excitation (anti‐Stokes emission). This unique optical property precludes background fluorescence and light scattering from biological materials. The emission of multiple and narrow emission lines is an additional hallmark of UCNPs that opens up new avenues for optical encoding. Distinct emission signatures can be obtained if the multiple emission of UCNPs is tuned by their dopant composition or by surface modification with dyes. Tuning the intensity of only one of the multiple emission lines and using another one as a constant reference signal enables the design of ratiometric codes that are resistant to fluctuations in absolute signal intensities. Combining several UCNPs each displaying a distinct set of emission lines expands the coding capacity exponentially and lays the foundation for highly multiplexed analyte detection. This Review highlights the potential of UCNPs for labeling and encoding biomolecules, microspheres, and even whole cells.
Effect of ZnO type and concentration on the mophology, thermal, and mechanical properties of poly(ether ester)/ZnO composites
Authors: Celebi Hande , Bayram Goknur , Dogan Aydın 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPoly(ether ester) (PEE) copolymers were synthesized in a two‐stage process involving transesterification and polycondensation. The synthesized copolymer and the zinc oxide (ZnO) were used in composite preparation by melt compounding. The influence of ZnO type and concentration on the morphology, thermal and mechanical properties of the composites were studied. DSC and XRD analyses indicated that crystallinity of composites was slightly reduced with ZnO content. Homogeneous dispersion of fillers in the polymer matrix was observed through morphological analyses. While in general tensile strength and elongation at break values of the composites decreased with increasing ZnO content, elastic modulus values increased with the addition of ZnO. Moreover, ZnO particles were modified with poly(N‐vinyl pyrrolidone) and a slight improvement in mechanical properties was observed, respectively over the composites containing unmodified particles. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
CREB participates in the IGF‐I‐stimulation cyclin D1 transcription
Authors: Yan Yun , Li Xiaoyu , Kover Karen , Clements Mark , Ye Ping 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTIGF‐I stimulates proliferation and cell cycle progression in progenitor cells of a number of neural cell types, including neuronal and glial progenitors. The precise mechanisms of this regulation, however, have not been fully defined. To elucidate the mechanism of IGF‐I actions on neural cell proliferation, we utilized a rat oligodendroglial cell line (OL‐1) and primary oligodendrocyte precursors (OPC) and studied IGF‐I regulation of cyclin D1 expression and its promoter activity, because cyclin D1 is critical to the promotion of cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. Transient transfection of a reporter driven by the rat cyclin D1 promoter showed that IGF‐I stimulates cyclin D1 promoter activity. Furthermore, 5′‐end deletions and mutation analysis of this promoter revealed that a cAMP response element (CRE) within −174 base pair (bp) upstream of the transcription start site is crucial to the IGF‐induced increase in cyclin D1 transcription. Consistently, Western immunoblot analysis demonstrated that IGF‐I induced CREB (CRE binding protein) phosphorylation, while ablation of CREB expression with small interfering RNAs (siRNA) blocked IGF‐I actions on cyclin D1 mRNA expression and cell proliferation. Additionally, IGF‐I‐stimulated CREB phosphorylation was blunted by the MAP kinase inhibitor, PD98059, but not by the PI3 kinase inhibitor, wortmannin. ChIP assays revealed that IGF‐1 increased the association of CREB with the cyclin D1 promoter. Taken together, our data indicate that IGF‐I upregulates cyclin D1 transcription partially by inducing CREB phosphorylation through the ERK‐MAP kinase pathway, and thus increasing its recruitment to the cyclin D1 promoter. These results provide an important mechanism of IGF‐I‐induced glial cell growth and proliferation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 73: 559–570, 2013
Expression of a dominant negative mutant innexin in identified neurons and glial cells reveals selective interactions among gap junctional proteins
Authors: Yazdani Neema , Firme Constantine P. , Macagno Eduardo R. , Baker Michael W. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTNeurons and glia of the medicinal leech CNS express different subsets of the 21 innexin genes encoded in its genome. We report here that the punctal distributions of fluorescently tagged innexin transgenes varies in a stereotypical pattern depending on the innexin expressed. Furthermore, whereas certain innexins colocalize extensively (INX1 and INX14), others do not (e.g., INX1 and INX2 or INX6). We then demonstrate that the mutation of a highly conserved proline residue in the second transmembrane domain of innexins creates a gap junction protein with dominant negative properties. Coexpressing the mutated INX1 gene with its wild type blocks the formation of fluorescent puncta and decouples the expressing neuron from its normal gap junction‐coupled network of cells. Similarly, expression of an INX2 mutant transgene (a glial cell innexin), blocks endogenous INX2 puncta and wild‐type transgene puncta, and decouples the glial cell from the other glial cells in the ganglion. We show in cell culture with dye‐uptake and plasma membrane labeling experiments that the mutant innexin transgene is not expressed on the cell membrane but instead appears to accumulate in the cell's perinuclear region. Lastly, we use these mutant innexin transgenes to show that the INX1 mutant transgene blocks not only INX1 puncta formation, but also puncta of INX14, with which INX1 usually colocalizes. By contrast, the formation of INX6 puncta was unaffected by the INX1 mutant. Together, these experiments suggest that leech innexins can selectively interact with one another to form gap junction plaques, which are heterogeneously located in cellular arbors. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 73: 571–586, 2013
Is RAD‐seq suitable for phylogenetic inference? An in silico assessment and optimization
Authors: Cariou Marie , Duret Laurent , Charlat Sylvain 
Published: February 2013

AbstractInferring phylogenetic relationships between closely related taxa can be hindered by three factors: (1) the lack of informative molecular variation at short evolutionary timescale; (2) the lack of established markers in poorly studied taxa; and (3) the potential phylogenetic conflicts among different genomic regions due to incomplete lineage sorting or introgression. In this context, Restriction site Associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐seq) seems promising as this technique can generate sequence data from numerous DNA fragments scattered throughout the genome, from a large number of samples, and without preliminary knowledge on the taxa under study. However, divergence beyond the within‐species level will necessarily reduce the number of conserved and non‐duplicated restriction sites, and therefore the number of loci usable for phylogenetic inference. Here, we assess the suitability of RAD‐seq for phylogeny using a simulated experiment on the 12 Drosophila genomes, with divergence times ranging from 5 to 63 million years. These simulations show that RAD‐seq allows the recovery of the known Drosophila phylogeny with strong statistical support, even for relatively ancient nodes. Notably, this conclusion is robust to the potentially confounding effects of sequencing errors, heterozygosity, and low coverage. We further show that clustering RAD‐seq data using the BLASTN and SiLiX programs significantly improves the recovery of orthologous RAD loci compared with previously proposed approaches, especially for distantly related species. This study therefore validates the view that RAD sequencing is a powerful tool for phylogenetic inference.
The external validity of MRI‐defined vascular depression
Authors: Pimontel Monique A. , Reinlieb Michelle E. , Johnert Lauren C. , Garcon Ernst , Sneed Joel R. , Roose Steven P. 
Published: February 2013

ObjectiveMultiple diagnostic criteria have been used to define vascular depression (VD). As a result, there are discrepancies in the clinical characteristics that have been established for the illness. The aim of this study was twofold. First, we used empirically established diagnostic criteria to determine the clinical characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐defined VD. Second, we assessed the agreement between a quantitative and qualitative method for identifying the illness.MethodWe examined the baseline clinical and neuropsychological profile of 38 patients from a larger, double‐blind, randomized, 12‐week clinical trial comparing nortriptyline with sertraline in depressed older adults. Ten patients met quantitative criteria for MRI‐defined VD based on the highest quartile of deep white matter hyperintensity (DWMH) volume. Fourteen patients met qualitative criteria for MRI‐defined VD based on a DWMH score of 2 or higher on the Fazekas' modified Coffey rating scale.ResultsAge, gender, cumulative illness rating scale‐geriatric (CIRS‐G) score, two measures of psychomotor retardation [the psychomotor retardation item of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) as well as performance on the Purdue Pegboard], and performance on the Stroop Color/Word test (a measure of the response inhibition component of executive functioning) were significantly different between those with VD and non‐VD.ConclusionsPatients with VD have a distinct clinical and neuropsychological profile that is mostly consistent across different methods for identifying the illness. These findings support the notion that MRI‐defined VD represents a unique and valid subtype of late‐life depression. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.