bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electropolymerization of Aminoanthraquinone from
H2SO4/Acetonitrile Mixed Solvent – Polymer
Film Characterization and its Use as Analytical
Sensor
Authors: Badawy Waheed A. , Ismail Khaled M. , Medany Shymaa S. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Polyaminoanthraquinone, PAAQ, films were prepared
potentiodynamically and potentiostatically from
acetonitrile/sulfuric acid mixed solvent. Series of investigations
have been carried out in which the mixed solvent ratio, type of
substrate, electrochemical technique, potential scan range, scan
rate and number of cycles were investigated in order to optimize
the electropolymerization process. The potentiodynamic technique
using glassy carbon, GC, substrates provides more stable films and
useful information about the electropolymerization process from
the mixed solvent. The suitable monomer concentration was 5.0 mM
of 1-amino-9, 10-anthraquinone dissolved in 4.0 M
H2SO4/ACN mixed solvent with a volume ratio
7:3. The most suitable potential scan range was from − 0.5 to
+ 1.4 V at a scan rate of
100 mV s
–1. The effect of the scan
repetition i. e. the thickness of the prepared
polymer films on the electroanalytical performance of the modified
electrode was investigated and discussed. The kinetics of
electropolymerization process was investigated and the reaction
was found to be first order with respect to the monomer
concentration and of negative order with respect to sulfuric
acid. The formed films were used successfully as analytical
sensors for ascorbic acid, catechol, Ce III ions, dopamine,
epinephrine, p-aminophenol and pyrogallol. The determination is
based on the construction of a calibration curve for each analyte
using the values of the oxidation peak currents in the cyclic
voltammogram obtained by the PAAQ modified electrode in each
case. The data were compared with the data obtained previously by
the same films prepared in non-aqueous and aqueous media. The
significance of the analytical performance of the formed films
with respect to the state-of-the-art was investigated and
discussed. The use of the mixed solvent, beside its effectiveness
as analytical sensor, has limited the effect of hazardous organic
solvent.
The importance of crown dimensions to improve tropical tree biomass estimates
Authors: Goodman Rosa C. , Phillips Oliver L. , Baker Timothy R. 
Published: October 2013

Tropical forests play a vital role in the global carbon cycle, but the amount of carbon they contain and its spatial distribution remain uncertain. Recent studies suggest that once tree height is accounted for in biomass calculations, in addition to diameter and wood density, carbon stock estimates are reduced in many areas. However, it is possible that larger crown sizes might offset the reduction in biomass estimates in some forests where tree heights are lower because even comparatively short trees develop large, well‐lit crowns in or above the forest canopy. While current allometric models and theory focus on diameter, wood density, and height, the influence of crown size and structure has not been well studied.To test the extent to which accounting for crown parameters can improve biomass estimates, we harvested and weighed 51 trees (11–169 cm diameter) in southwestern Amazonia where no direct biomass measurements have been made. The trees in our study had nearly half of total aboveground biomass in the branches (44% ± 2% [mean ± SE]), demonstrating the importance of accounting for tree crowns. Consistent with our predictions, key pantropical equations that include height, but do not account for crown dimensions, underestimated the sum total biomass of all 51 trees by 11% to 14%, primarily due to substantial underestimates of many of the largest trees.In our models, including crown radius greatly improves performance and reduces error, especially for the largest trees. In addition, over the full data set, crown radius explained more variation in aboveground biomass (10.5%) than height (6.0%). Crown form is also important: Trees with a monopodial architectural type are estimated to have 21–44% less mass than trees with other growth patterns. Our analysis suggests that accounting for crown allometry would substantially improve the accuracy of tropical estimates of tree biomass and its distribution in primary and degraded forests.
Wettability Alteration by Brine Salinity and Temperature in Reservoir Cores
Authors: Al-Aulaqi Talal , Fisher Quentin , Grattoni Carlos , Al-Hinai Suleiman M. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Field development planning is critical in the development of successful EOR programmes. Various types of information are required from reservoirs regarding the interaction of the crude oil/brine/rock (COBR) system so as to optimize the EOR process. Core analysis studies are central to gathering the information needed for optimizing EOR. In this paper, investigation of the effect of brine salinity and temperature in the wettability of reservoir rocks is the focus of this paper.
The new contribution in the current work is that it provides a novel approach in combining experimental techniques: displacement tests, which is dominated by capillary imbibition, and non destructive, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), to track the effect of brine salinity and temperature in the COBR system. For the first time, this combination of techniques is applied in core scale experiments. Furthermore, the emphasis of rock interaction as a function of brine salinity and temperature was investigated by tracking the relative permeability behaviour during forced displacement experiments in a viscous dominated regime. Integration of the results from these experiments provides a framework for understanding COBR interaction in terms of wettability in static and dynamic displacements.
Four main results emerge from this study: Reducing the salinity of brine with monovalent cations increases the oil recovery in sandstones. The presence of clay is not a necessary condition to observe the low salinity effect. The mechanism of increasing the oil recovery is by shifting the wettability of rock surface towards a more water-wet state.Increasing temperature from 20˚C to 60˚C causes a large decrease (50%) of recovery factor, IAH and INMR suggesting that the wettability is shifted towards an oil-wet state.Increasing temperature in carbonates increases recovery factor by less than 4%. IAH and INMR indicate the wettability is not shifted significantly towards an water-wet state.The dynamic viscous force effect has two patterns of injectivity to sweep the residual oil as brine salinity change. The first is sweeping the oil with high injectivity, which occurs between 0.5 M NaCl brine and 0.1 M NaCl brine. The second is sweeping the oil with loss of water injectivity between 0.1 M NaCl brine and 0.01 M NaCl brine. The potential reason of losing injectivity is attributed to a detachment of the clay that coats the grains leading to a blockage of pore throats.
The implication of these results can enhance the understanding of wettability alteration as part of reservoir managment during designing a field pilot test.
Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Viscosupplementation on Synovial Fluid Inflammation in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Vincent Heather K , Percival Susan S , Conrad Bryan P , Seay Amanda N , Montero Cindy , Vincent Kevin R 
Published: October 2013

Objective:
This study examined the changes in synovial fluid levels of cytokines, oxidative stress and viscosity six months after intraarticular hyaluronic acid (HA) treatment in adults and elderly adults with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Design:
This was a prospective, repeated-measures study design in which patients with knee OA were administered 1% sodium hyaluronate. Patients (N=28) were stratified by age (adults, 50-64 years and elderly adults, ≥65 years). Ambulatory knee pain values and self-reported physical activity were collected at baseline and month six.

Materials and Methods:
Knee synovial fluid aspirates were collected at baseline and at six months. Fluid samples were analyzed for pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins 1β, 6,8,12, tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemotactic protein), anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins 4, 10 13), oxidative stress (4-hydroxynonenal) and viscosity at two different physiological shear speeds 2.5Hz and 5Hz.

Results:
HA improved ambulatory knee pain in adults and elderly groups by month six, but adults reported less knee pain-related interference with participation in exercise than elderly adults. A greater reduction in TNF-α occurred in adults compared to elderly adults (-95.8% ± 7.1% vs 19.2% ± 83.8%, respectively; p=.044). Fluid tended to improve at both shear speeds in adults compared to the elderly adults. The reduction in pain severity correlated with the change in IL-1β levels by month six (r= -.566; p=.044).

Conclusion:
Reduction of knee pain might be due to improvements in synovial fluid viscosity and inflammation. Cartilage preservation may be dependent on how cytokine, oxidative stress profiles and viscosity change over time.
Scenario Planning + MCDA Procedure For Innovation Selection Problem
Authors: Michnik Jerzy 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Selecting the proper set of innovation projects is the vital point of the innovation management in a firm. To make a good decision, managers have to consider many conicting objectives in a highly uncertain environment. In this article, the comprehensive decision procedure based on scenario planning and multiple criteria analysis is presented. The main part of the procedure is a two-step model in which Hurwicz's rule and VIKOR-S method are employed to gain the selection of alternatives. To build up the decision base, the classification of the criteria involved in the innovation project selection into five categories is proposed.
Innovative Production Systems at Statistics New Zealand: Overcoming the Design and Build Bottleneck
Authors: Seyb Allyson , McKenzie Ron , Skerrett Andrew 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
In 2011, Statistics NZ embarked on an ambitious ten-year programme of change called Statistics 2020 Te Kāpehu Whetū: Achieving the statistics system of the future. This article outlines a key component of this approach to transforming how Statistics NZ delivers its statistics. This involves modernising all aspects of statistical production - from identifying need, right through to dissemination - to ensure the organisation has the functionality and capacity to deliver now and into the future. Standardisation of processes, methods, tools, and systems to increase flexibility and efficiency is a key component of this transformation.
Methodological Problems of Temperature Measurement in the Cutting Area During Milling Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Kuczmaszewski Józef , Zagórski Ireneusz 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This paper presents a literature review on temperature measurement during milling of magnesium alloys as well as other structural materials. Methodology and temperature measurement methods used in own tests are discussed in this paper. Selected test results for each method of temperature measurement in the cutting area are demonstrated
Using Sustainable Competitive Advantages to Measure Technological Opportunities
Authors: Takala Josu , Muhos Matti , Tilabi Sara , Tas Mehmet Serif , Yan Bingli 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to help small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) to find operative competitive advantage. This paper introduces a new method which applies critical factor analysis, risk and opportunities analysis to measure and propose resource allocation for companies in couple of next years. this research shows Knowledge/Technology (K/T) Calculation effect on (Balanced) Critical Factor Index (CFIs) depending on the proportions allocated among the different technological levels (Basic, Core or Spearhead) for each attribute separately. Moreover it helps firms to take balance in resource allocation for each attribute in changing environments on the basis of different level of technology. This paper presents the ’first in the world’ case study on operative sustainable competitive advantage and corresponding risk levels by taking into account technology and knowledge effects for 7 SME companies
Effect of PRP and PPP on proliferation and migration of human chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro
Authors: Amrichová Judita , Špaková Tímea , Rosocha Ján , Harvanová Denisa , Bačenková Darina , Lacko Marek , Horňák Slavomír 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Cartilage tissue engineering can provide substantial relief to people suffering from degenerative cartilage disease, such as osteoarthritis. The autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) application appears to improve cartilage healing due to its ability to positively influence cellular mechanisms, mainly in cells from synovium and cartilage. Primary cultures of human synovial fluid stem cells (synoviocytes, SCs) and chondrocytes (CCs) were exposed to various concentrations of non-activated PRP and plateletpoor plasma (PPP) prepared by apheresis. Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated in real-time with the non-invasive xCELLigence System. It was found that PRP had a similar effect on the growth of cells as fetal bovine serum (FBS). Surprisingly, our proliferation assay results indicated that 50% PPP had the largest effect on both cell types, with a statistically significant increase in cell number (P<0.001) compared to the (0% FBS) in vitro control. The migratory ability of SCs was significantly enhanced with 10% PRP and 0.8% hyaluronic acid (HA). HA also augmented migration of CCs. In summary, these results demonstrate that directed cell proliferation and migration are inducible in human articular CCs and SCs, and that both platelet-derived fractions may exert a positive effect and modulate several cell responses that are potentially involved in tissue integration during cartilage repair.
Relationship Between Physical Fitness, BMI, WHR and Hypertension in Elderly Men and Women
Authors: Pantelić Saša , Kostić Radmila , Djurašković Ratomir , Uzunović Slavoljub , Milanović Zoran , Trajković Nebojša 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the structure, characteristics and significance of the relationship between physical fitness, BMI and WHR on one hand and hypertension of elderly men and women on the other.
Methods: The sample consisted of 1288 participants (594 men and 694 women) who live in their own households in the cities and villages of Central, Eastern and South Serbia. After the obtained classification of participants based on arterial blood pressure, 231 patients with hypertension aged 60-80 years were selected. The subsample consisted of 138 male participants, while the subsample of women was 93 participants. Predictor variables consisted of 6 variables for the evaluation of physical fitness, Body mass index (BMI) and Waist-to Hip Ratio index (WHR). Criterion variables consisted of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP).
Results: The results showed that there is a statistically significant correlation (p <0.05) between predictor variables and hypertension. Higher values of higher SBP in elderly men causes an increase in body weight due to increased body fat (BMI, WHR). In elderly women, these changes occur under the influence of increased body mass index and reduced CRF. Higher values of high DBP in elderly men cause more power and flexibility of the upper body and in elderly women greater strength in the arms and less strength in legs and CRF.
Conclusions: Being overweight in both subsamples could be considered as a factor that contributes to high blood pressure.
Correspondence Between Legislation and Public Opinion in Bulgaria about Accessto Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)
Authors: Krastev Radoy , Mitev Vanyo 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Introduction: This is the first study on the correspondence between the legislation and public opinion in Bulgaria regarding access to assisted reproductive technologies (ART).
Methods: We carried out a national on-line-based cross-sectional survey in the Bulgarian language from July 2010 until June 2011. Participants were 951 respondents from 18 to 65 years of age who independently completed the anonymous survey. We were interested in: 1) Attitudes about a woman’s age limit for ART, 2) the rate of acceptance of access of single women to ART, 3) the rate of approval of access of lesbian couples to ART, 4) the degree of acceptance of post-mortem assisted reproduction (PAR).
Results: Most of the respondents (54.9%) approved of a woman’s age limit of 43 years. The majority of the respondents (85.4%) supported access of single women to ART, while 45.1% of the participants approved of lesbians using assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Approximately 71.7% of the respondents stated they would permit PAR.
Conclusions: People prefer 43 years as a woman’s age limit for ART. The majority of the respondents accept access of single women to ART, but a two-fold lower percentage considers that lesbians should be allowed to use ART. The majority of the respondents are proponents of PAR.
Identification and Control of Health Risks in Hospital Environment from the Aspect of Users, Buildings and Systems
Authors: Dovjak Mateja , Kukec Andreja , Krainer Aleš 
Published: October 2013

Izvleček
Izhodišča: Bolnišnice predstavljajo kompleksno notranje okolje, v katerem so bolniki, zaposleni in obiskovalci izpostavljeni številnim dejavnikom tveganja za zdravje. Raziskav, ki bi obravnavale več dejavnikov tveganja hkrati, je danes malo. Ne izhajajo iz povezave med uporabniki, stavbo in sistemi. Namen metaanalize je prepoznati fizikalne, biološke in kemične dejavnike tveganja za zdravje v bolnišničnem okolju ter izdelati izhodišča za pripravo priporočil za njihovo preprečevanje in obvladovanje. Pri tem bomo upoštevali uporabnike ter življenjski cikel stavbe in sistemov.
Metode: Opravili smo metaanalizo raziskav na področju fizikalnih, bioloških in kemičnih dejavnikov tveganj za zdravje v bolnišničnem okolju. Zajeli smo dve bibliografski bazi (Pub Med in Science Direct). V analizo je bilo vključenih 634 virov literature, ki so bili objavljeni med letoma 1934 in 2012. Izhodišča za pripravo priporočil smo izdelali po nadgrajeni metodi inženirskega načrtovanja.
Rezultati: Na podlagi izsledkov metaanalize smo pripravili izhodišča za pripravo priporočil, ki vključujejo sistematične ukrepe, specifične za bolnišnično okolje. Preprečevanje fizikalnih dejavnikov tveganja za zdravje vključuje ukrepe s področja zakonodaje, načrtovanja stavbe in sistemov ter usposabljanja zaposlenih. Najpomembnejši ukrepi s področja bioloških in kemičnih dejavnikov tveganja za zdravje so: preprečevanje in obvladovanje poti prenosa povzročiteljev bolezni ter nadzor kemičnih onesnaževal v notranjem in zunanjem zraku.
Zaključki: Metaanaliza predstavlja nov pristop k preprečevanju in obvladovanju fizikalnih, bioloških in kemičnih dejavnikov tveganja za zdravje v kompleksnem bolnišničnem okolju - od načrtovanja stavbe do njene uporabe in vzdrževanja. Učinkovitost stavbe in sistemov se doseže s celostnim upoštevanjem značilnosti uporabnikov, bolnišničnega okolja in rabe energije. Uporabljen pristop je tudi pogoj za načrtovanje stavb in sistemov; je temelj uspešnih prenov.
Effects of Dwarf Pine Stands on Slope Deformation Processes, as a Basis for their Management in the Hrubý Jeseník Mountains
Authors: Roštínský Pavel , Šenfeldr Martin , Maděra Petr 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This paper studies non-indigenous dwarf pine stands in the Hrubý Jeseník Mountains, from the perspective of their spatial and genetic relations to slope phenomena of deformation character. The paper contains a typology of regional slope deformations, data on their spatial distribution and specific properties, including risk estimates of their origination or further development in case of potential future dwarf pine stand clearings, as well as a three-stage categorization of dwarf pine stands based on this tendency. The results were processed using data from literary sources, map documents and aerial photos, as well as an extensive field survey. Three main types of slope deformations were distinguished on sites with highly variable geomorphological features - extensive complex phenomena with numerous subforms, linear debris flows and local shallow landslides. The acquired data show that while dwarf pine stands have no great effect on the development of large slope phenomena, they play a more significant reinforcement role in the prevention of smaller surface deformations, the origination of which is predominantly related to steeper slopes. The results of this study can serve for future decision making on the management of dwarf pine stands
Inflammatory effects of autologous, genetically modified autologous, allogeneic, and xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cells after intra-articular injection in horses
Authors: Pig J. H. , Ishihara A. , Wellman M. L. , Russell D. S. , Bertone A. L. 
Published: October 2013

SummaryObjectives: To compare the clinical and inflammatory joint responses to intra-articular injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) including autologous, genetically modified autologous, allogeneic, or xenogeneic cells in horses.Methods: Six five-year-old Thoroughbred mares had one fetlock joint injected with Gey's balanced salt solution as the vehicle control. Each fetlock joint of each horse was subsequently injected with 15 million MSC from the described MSC groups, and were assessed for 28 days for clinical and inflammatory parameters representing synovitis, joint swelling, and pain.Results: There were not any significant differences between autologous and genetically modified autologous MSC for synovial fluid total nucleated cell count, total protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, fetlock circumference, oedema score, pain-free range-of-motion, and soluble gene products that were detected for at least two days. Allogeneic and xenogeneic MSC produced a greater increase in peak of inflammation at 24 hours than either autologous MSC group.Clinical significance: Genetically engineered MSC can act as vehicles to deliver gene products to the joint; further investigation into the therapeutic potential of this cell therapy is warranted. Intra-articular MSC injection resulted in a moderate acute inflammatory joint response that was greater for allogeneic and xenogeneic MSC than autologous MSC. Clinical management of this response may minimize this effect.