bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gannet: A batch‐processing tool for the quantitative analysis of gamma‐aminobutyric acid–edited MR spectroscopy spectra
Authors: Edden Richard A.E. , Puts Nicolaas A.J. , Harris Ashley D. , Barker Peter B. , Evans C. John 
Published: November 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to describe the Gannet toolkit for the quantitative batch analysis of gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) ‐edited MRS data.Materials and MethodsUsing MEGA‐PRESS editing and standard acquisition parameters, four MEGA‐PRESS spectra were acquired in three brain regions in 10 healthy volunteers. These 120 datasets were processed without user intervention with Gannet, a Matlab‐based tool that takes raw time‐domain data input, processes it to generate the frequency‐domain edited spectrum, and applies a simple modeling procedure to estimate GABA concentration relative to the creatine or, if provided, the unsuppressed water signal. A comparison of four modeling approaches is also presented.ResultsAll data were successfully processed by Gannet. Coefficients of variation across subjects ranged from 11% for the occipital region to 17% for the dorsolateral prefrontal region. There was no clear difference in fitting performance between the simple Gaussian model used by Gannet and the other more complex models presented.ConclusionGannet, the GABA Analysis Toolkit, can be used to process and quantify GABA‐edited MRS spectra without user intervention. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:1445–1452. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Variable spatiotemporal resolution three‐dimensional dixon sequence for rapid dynamic contrast‐enhanced breast MRI
Authors: Saranathan Manojkumar , Rettmann Dan W. , Hargreaves Brian A. , Lipson Jafi A. , Daniel Bruce L. 
Published: November 2013

PurposeTo investigate a new variable spatiotemporal resolution dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI method termed DIfferential Subsampling with Cartesian Ordering (DISCO), for imaging of breast cancer.Materials and MethodsDISCO combines variable density, pseudorandom k‐space segmentation and two‐point Dixon fat–water separation for high spatiotemporal resolution breast DCE MRI. During the contrast wash‐in phase, view sharing is used to achieve high temporal resolution. Forty patients referred for breast MRI were imaged, 26 using the proposed DISCO sequence and 14 using a conventional low‐spatial‐resolution dynamic sequence (VIBRANT‐FLEX) on a 3 Tesla scanner. DISCO dynamic images from 14 patients were compared with VIBRANT‐FLEX images from 14 other patients. The image quality assessed by radiologist image ranking in a blinded manner, and the temporal characteristics of the two sequences were compared.ResultsA spatial resolution of 1.1 × 1.1 × 1.2 mm3 (160 slices, 28 cm field of view) was achieved with axial bilateral coverage in 120 s. Dynamic images with ∼9 s effective temporal resolution were generated during the 2‐min contrast wash‐in phase. The image quality of DISCO dynamic images ranked significantly higher than low spatial resolution VIBRANT‐FLEX images (19.5 versus 9.5, Mann‐Whitney U‐test P = 0.00914), with no significant differences in the maximum slope of aortic enhancement.ConclusionDISCO is a promising variable‐spatiotemporal‐resolution imaging sequence for capturing the dynamics of rapidly enhancing tumors as well as structural features postcontrast. A near 1‐mm isotropic spatial resolution was achieved with postcontrast static phase images in 120 s and dynamic phase images acquired in 9 s per phase. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:1392–1399. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Walking on Eggshells: A Study of Egg Use in Anglo‐Scandinavian York Based on Eggshell Identification Using ZooMS
Authors: Stewart John R. M. , Allen Richard B. , Jones Andrew K. G. , Kendall T. , Penkman K. E. H. , Demarchi B. , O'Connor T. , Collins M. J. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTEggshell is a potentially common archaeological resource, but it tends to be ignored. The recent development of ZooMS (zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry) as a rapid and robust system for taxonomic identification of preserved eggshell fragments has facilitated new insights into patterns of egg use in the past. This paper presents a case study of egg use at two sites in Anglo‐Scandinavian York (Hungate and Coppergate). The results described below suggest that the relative prevalence of goose eggshell may become a useful indicator of status, consistent with other characteristics of the two sites, and also demonstrate an apparent lack of exploitation of eggs of wild birds in York during the Anglo‐Scandinavian period. These results highlight the interpretative potential of eggshell, which can now begin to be more fully explored. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lead Concentration in Archaeological Animal Remains from The Edo Period, Japan: Is the Lead Concentration in Archaeological Goose Bone a Reliable Indicator of Domestic Birds?
Authors: Eda M. , Kodama Y. , Ishimaru E. , Yoneda M. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTLead pollution has increased over the past four centuries with industrialisation, urbanisation, and the use of motor vehicles. In Japan, lead concentrations in human bones of the Edo period (AD 1603–1867) from urban areas were found to be higher than those from suburban areas. Because most wild geese breed in the subarctic zone and winter in the temperate zone, it is to be expected that lead concentrations in archaeological goose bones from domestic individuals would be higher than those from wild individuals because of the difference in their life cycle. In this study, we measured and compared lead concentrations in bones of geese, other birds (duck, chicken, heron, and crow), mammals (dog, cat, pig/wild boar, and deer), and in a human tooth, all from the Kenmin‐kan Atochi site, Japan (Edo period). We found that lead pollution affected not only humans but also animals and that environmental lead pollution was widespread in the town.One of the goose bones analysed, a broken and healed ulna, showed a lead concentration approximately twice as high as the other goose bones. In addition, the lead concentration in a duck bone was much higher than in those of wild birds or mammals, which suggests that the duck had lived in an urban environment for a long time. The results suggest that analysis of lead concentrations can detect potential domestic animals that were exposed to environmental lead pollution, such as in the Roman period in Europe and in the Edo period in Japan. By accumulating comparative studies, the analysis of lead concentrations in archaeological goose bones is expected to become a reliable indicator of domestic geese under conditions of environmental lead contamination. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does Universal Coverage Improve Health? The Massachusetts Experience
Authors: Courtemanche Charles J. , Zapata Daniela 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn 2006, Massachusetts passed health care reform legislation designed to achieve nearly universal coverage through a combination of insurance market reforms, mandates, and subsidies that later served as the model for national reform. Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we provide evidence that health care reform in Massachusetts led to better overall self‐assessed health. Various robustness checks and placebo tests support a causal interpretation of the results. We also document improvements in several determinants of overall health: physical health, mental health, functional limitations, joint disorders, and body mass index. Next, we show that the effects on overall health were strongest among those with low incomes, nonwhites, near‐elderly adults, and women. Finally, we use the reform to instrument for health insurance and estimate a sizeable impact of coverage on health.
Post‐growth annealing of GaSb quantum dots in GaAs formed by droplet epitaxy
Authors: Kawazu Takuya , Noda Takeshi , Mano Takaaki , Sakuma Yoshiki , Sakaki Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe studied the effects of post‐growth annealing on the optical properties of GaSb quantum dots (QDs). We grew GaSb QDs in GaAs by droplet epitaxy and carried out a post‐growth annealing at the temperature Ta of 700 ∼ 900 ºC. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra from the GaSb QDs were found at about 1.1 ∼ 1.3 eV. The PL peak shifts toward a higher energy with increasing Ta. For the samples post‐annealed at low temperatures, the PL intensity significantly decreases as the measurement temperature T increases. In contrast, the intensity reduction is relatively low for the high temperature annealed samples, indicating that the annealing process improves the crystalline quality of the sample. We also compared the integrated PL intensity to a model with a loss mechanism and found that the post‐growth annealing drastically decreases non‐radiative centers in the sample. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Organic field‐effect transistors fabricated by solution process using TMTSF‐TCNQ complex crystals grown at various temperatures
Authors: Nawata Takuya , Yamakado Hideo , Uno K. , Tanaka Ichiro 
Published: November 2013

AbstractField‐effect transistors (FETs) based on crystals of tetramethyltetraselenafulvalene (TMTSF)‐tetracyanoquino‐dimethane (TCNQ) complex were fabricated by solution process. TMTSF‐TCNQ crystals grown at low (2 °C) and high (40 °C) temperatures were different in their shape, color, transparency, and crystal structure. Channel polarity of the fabricated FETs was found to be dependent on the growth temperature of the complex crystals. Namely, the FETs with the high‐ and low‐temperature grown crystals showed p‐ and n‐type characteristics, respectively. Furthermore, ambipolar FET characteristics were obtained when room‐temperature grown crystals were used. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The role of air–sea coupling in the simulation of the Madden–Julian oscillation in the Hadley Centre model
Authors: Klingaman N. P. , Woolnough S. J. 
Published: November 2013

The role of air–sea coupling in the simulation of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is explored using two configurations of the Hadley Centre atmospheric model (AGCM), GA3.0, which differ only in F, a parameter controlling convective entrainment and detrainment. Increasing F considerably improves deficient MJO‐like variability in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, but variability in and propagation through the Maritime Continent remains weak.By coupling GA3.0 in the tropical Indo‐Pacific to a boundary‐layer ocean model, K‐profile parametrization (KPP), and employing climatological temperature corrections, well‐resolved air–sea interactions are simulated with limited alterations to the mean state. At default F, when GA3.0 has a poor MJO, coupling produces a stronger MJO with some eastward propagation, although both aspects remain deficient. These results agree with previous sensitivity studies using AGCMs with poor variability. At higher F, coupling does not affect MJO amplitude but enhances propagation through the Maritime Continent, resulting in an MJO that resembles observations. A sensitivity experiment with coupling only in the Indian Ocean reverses these improvements, suggesting that coupling in the Maritime Continent and West Pacific is critical for propagation. We hypothesize that, for AGCMs with a poor MJO, coupling provides a ‘crutch’ to augment MJO‐like activity artificially through high‐frequency SST anomalies.In related experiments, we employ the KPP framework to analyze the impact of air–sea interactions in the fully coupled GA3.0, which at default F shows a similar MJO to the uncoupled GA3.0. This is due to compensating effects: an improvement from coupling and a degradation from mean‐state errors. Future studies on the role of coupling should separate these effects carefully.
Wnt7b Is an Important Intrinsic Regulator of Hair Follicle Stem Cell Homeostasis and Hair Follicle Cycling
Authors: Kandyba Eve , Kobielak Krzysztof 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The hair follicle (HF) is an exceptional mini-organ to study the mechanisms which regulate HF morphogenesis, cycling, hair follicle stem cell (hfSCs) homeostasis, and progeny differentiation. During morphogenesis, Wnt signaling is well-characterized in the initiation of HF patterning but less is known about which particular Wnt ligands are required and whether individual Wnt ligands act in an indispensable or redundant manner during postnatal hfSCs anagen onset and HF cycle progression. Previously, we described the function of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling target gene WNT7a in intrinsic regulation of hfSCs homeostasis in vivo. Here, we investigated the role of Wnt7b, which was also intrinsically upregulated in hfSCs during physiological and precocious anagen after BMP inhibition in vivo. We demonstrated Wnt7b to be a direct target of canonical BMP signaling in hfSCs and using Wnt7b conditional gene targeting during HF morphogenesis revealed disrupted HF cycling including a shorter anagen, premature catagen onset with overall shorter hair production, and diminished HF differentiation marker expression. Additionally, we observed that postnatal ablation of Wnt7b resulted in delayed HF activation, affecting both the hair germ and bulge hfSCs but still maintaining a two-step sequence of HF stimulation. Interestingly, Wnt7b cKO hfSCs participated in reformation of the new HF bulge, but with slower self-renewal. These findings demonstrate the importance of intrinsic Wnt7b expression in hfSCs regulation and normal HF cycling and surprisingly reveal a nonredundant role for Wnt7b in the control of HF anagen length and catagen entry which was not compensated by other Wnt ligands. Stem Cells 2014;32:886–901
Effects of stress and aging on ribonucleoprotein assembly and function in the germ line
Authors: Schisa Jennifer A. 
Published: November 2013

In a variety of cell types, ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes play critical roles in regulating RNA metabolism. The germ line contains RNPs found also in somatic cells, such as processing (P) bodies and stress granules, as well as several RNPs unique to the germ line, including germ granules, nuage, Balbiani bodies, P granules, U bodies, and sponge bodies. Recent advances have identified a conserved response of germ line RNPs to environmental stresses such as nutritional stress and heat shock. The RNPs increase significantly in size based on cytology; their morphology and subcellular localization changes, and their composition changes. These dynamic changes are reversible when stresses diminish, and similar changes occur in response to aging or extended meiotic arrest prior to fertilization of oocytes. Intriguing correlations exist between the dynamics of the RNPs and the microtubule cytoskeleton and its motor proteins, suggesting a possible mechanism for the assembly and dissociation of the large RNP granules. Similarly, coordinated changes of the nuclear membrane and endoplasmic reticulum may also help unravel the regulatory mechanisms of RNP dynamics. Based on their composition, the RNPs are thought to regulate mRNA decay and/or translation, and initial support for some of these roles is now at hand. Ultimately, the question of why RNP remodeling occurs to such a large extent during a variety of stresses and aging remains to be fully answered, but a current attractive hypothesis is that the plasticity promotes the maintenance of oocyte quality. WIREs RNA 2014, 5:231–246. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1204This article is categorized under:

RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA–Protein Complexes
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development
Indication for Liver Transplantation in Young Patients with Small Intestinal NETs Is Rare?
Authors: Norlén Olov , Daskalakis Kosmas , Öberg Kjell , Åkerström Göran , Stålberg Peter , Hellman Per 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundA majority of patients with small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI‐NETs) present with or develop liver metastases (LM). A number of treatments for LM are used clinically, including liver transplantation (LTx). Indications for LTx are under debate; young age (<65 years), absence of extrahepatic disease, resected primary tumor and limited extent of LM have been suggested as inclusion criteria for LTx with the aim to optimize outcome.Materials and methodsFrom our series of 672 patients with SI‐NET treated at the University Hospital in Uppsala between 1985 and 2012, we identified 78 patients according to the following criteria: <65 years of age, locoregional surgery (LRS) of the primary tumor and mesenteric metastases successfully performed, LM present but no extrahepatic disease. Baseline was chosen as the first date the following points were met: First visit to our center, LRS performed, LM present. The patients underwent treatment according to the standard clinical protocols at our center, and during this time period we did not perform or refer any SI‐NET patients for LTx. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were performed in three different groups based on hypothetical criteria for LTx.ResultsFive‐year overall survival rates for patients <65 years (n = 78) and <55 years (n = 36) of age were 84 ± 8 and 92 ± 9 %, respectively. For patients fulfilling the Milan criteria (n = 33) the 5‐year survival was 97 ± 6 %.ConclusionsMost young patients (<65 years) with SI‐NET and LM have a favorable survival with standardized multimodality treatment. Indeed, most survival figures reported after LTx of NET do not surpass these figures.
Revue de la littérature internationale : quel rapport bénéfice/risque en santé publique des salles d’injection à moindre risque ?
Authors: Dubois-Arber F. 
Published: November 2013

IntroductionLes salles d’injection (SI) à moindre risque ont été mises en place dès 1986 dans quelques pays européens et en Australie, plus tard au Canada. Elles poursuivent plusieurs objectifs : atteindre les usagers particulièrement vulnérables, réduire les risques, la morbidité et la mortalité liés à l’injection de drogues et faciliter l’accès aux soins. Ces dispositifs ont donné lieu à des débats nourris et ont fait l’objet de recherche et d’évaluation, qui permettent une analyse critique de la situation.
MethodsRevue de la littérature centrée sur les bénéfices et les effets indésirables possibles des SI dans plusieurs domaines de la santé publique : pratique de l’injection, risques infectieux liés à l’injection, nuisances pour la société (injection dans l’espace public, délinquance liée à la drogue).
RésultatsLa revue a mis en évidence les éléments suivants. Les SI sont capables d’attirer les populations ciblées. Elles ne conduisent pas à une augmentation du nombre de personnes qui s’injectent ou du nombre d’injections pratiquées. Elles permettent une amélioration de l’hygiène de l’injection, une meilleure sécurité et une diminution des pratiques à risque de transmission de maladies infectieuses rapportées par les usagers. Les difficultés méthodologiques pour effectuer des études de type essai randomisé dans ces milieux ne permettent pas d’affirmer avec certitude une diminution de l’incidence ou de la prévalence des maladies infectieuses attribuable spécifiquement aux SI, mais les comportements observés et rapportés vont dans ce sens. L’injection dans les lieux publics diminue et il n’y a pas d’augmentation de la délinquance liée à la drogue.
ConclusionL’évidence disponible, même incomplète, permet d’affirmer que les principales craintes à l’égard des SI ne sont pas fondées et que celles-ci peuvent apporter des bénéfices en termes de santé publique.
Étude de prévalence de la consommation d’alcool et de substances psychoactives chez 700 femmes enceintes : résultats préliminaires de l’étude GTOX
Authors: Lamy S. , Hennart B. , Houivet E. , Marret S. , Thibaut F. 
Published: November 2013

ObjectifsL’usage de substances licites et illicites pendant la grossesse peut avoir de graves conséquences à court et long terme chez l’enfant [3] et constitue une préoccupation majeure de santé publique [1]. L’objectif de notre étude est d’établir la prévalence de la consommation d’alcool et de substances psychoactives chez la femme enceinte en couplant les données déclaratives de la mère avec les dosages toxicologiques réalisés dans le méconium du nouveau-né. C’est la première étude de ce type en France.MéthodesEtude épidémiologique transversale réalisée dans l’ensemble des maternités de Rouen (Seine-Maritime). Elle a été proposée à toutes les femmes ayant accouché au cours des mois d’août 2010 et 2011.RésultatsSept cent vingt-quatre dyades mère/enfant ont été incluses sur les 993 accouchements. Quatre-vingt-quatorze pour cent des femmes interrogées ont accepté de participer. L’âge moyen des femmes est de 30 ans. Les consommations rapportées sont les suivantes : consommation d’alcool 15 %, consommation du tabac 21 %, consommation de cannabis 1 %. Les analyses toxicologiques sont en cours (éthyl glucuronide pour alcool, cotinine pour le tabac et THC-COOH pour le cannabis [2]).
ConclusionLa prévalence de consommation d’alcool et de tabac est élevée dans notre population, ce qui doit encourager à poursuivre les campagnes d’information et de prévention chez les femmes enceintes.
État des lieux du biofeedback et du neurofeedback en France : cadre historique et relation avec la Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive
Authors: Brion A. 
Published: November 2013

Le biofeedback, ou rétroaction biologique, est l’application au vivant du principe général de feedback développé par les premiers théoriciens de la cybernétique. Son développement depuis les années soixante tient à la convergence de plusieurs disciplines (physiologie, neurophysiologie, psychologie expérimentale…) et à leur évolution, sans appartenir en propre à aucune d’elles. Les techniques de biofeedback permettent le contrôle ou la modulation par l’individu de processus physiologiques habituellement non conscients à travers un conditionnement de type opérant ; mécanisme dont l’étude revient aux théories de l’apprentissage sur lesquelles se fondent les thérapies comportementales et cognitives (TCC). La possibilité de conditionner le système nerveux autonome par des procédures de conditionnement opérant est à l’origine du développement de la médecine comportementale. Dans plusieurs domaines thérapeutiques (gestion du stress et de l’anxiété, douleur, insomnie…), le biofeedback d’un paramètre physiologique périphérique est un élément d’une stratégie de régulation émotionnelle qui associe d’autres formes de thérapies : relaxation, restructuration cognitive, contrôle du stimulus. Le NeuroFeedback (NF), qui utilise le biofeedback EEG, a montré depuis une dizaine d’années son intérêt thérapeutique pour une stratégie de régulation attentionnelle et a montré plus particulièrement son efficacité dans le trouble déficit de l’attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH) chez l’enfant. La question de la spécificité de l’action thérapeutique du biofeedback reste controversée et nécessite encore des études contrôlées. Cependant, le biofeedback et le neurofeedback semblent pouvoir s’intégrer aux TCC, et permettent d’engager une réflexion physiologique et clinique quant à ses modalités d’action au niveau cognitif et émotionnel.