bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic activity is not parsimoniously tuned to index-of-difficulty in movement with dual requirements on speed-accuracy
Authors: Ji Haibiao , Chen Zhi , Qiao Yongjun , Yan Jin , Chen Gaoxiang , Luo Qi , Cui Lijun , Zong Ya , Xie Qing , Niu Chuanxin M. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundReaching movements are crucial for daily living and rehabilitation, for which Fitts' Law describes a speed-accuracy trade-off that movement time increases with task difficulty. This study aims to investigate whether cortical activation in motor-related areas is directly linked to task difficulty as defined by Fitts' Law. Understanding this relationship provides a physiological basis for parameter selection in therapeutic exercises.MethodsSixteen healthy subjects performed 2D reaching movements using a rehabilitation robot, with their cortical responses detected using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Task difficulty was manipulated by varying target size and distance, resulting in 3 levels of index-of-difficulty (ID). Kinematic signals were recorded alongside cortical activity to assess the relationship among movement time, task difficulty, and cortical activation.ResultsOur results showed that movement time increased with ID by 0.2974s/bit across all subjects (conditional r2 = 0.6434, p &lt; 0.0001), and all subjects showed individual trends conforming Fitts' Law (all p &lt; 0.001). Neither activation in BA4 nor in BA6 showed a significant correlation with ID (p &gt; 0.05), while both the target size and distance, as well as the interaction between them, showed a significant relationship with BA4 or BA6 activation (all p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThis study found that although kinematic measures supported Fitts' Law, cortical activity in motor-related areas during reaching movements did not correlate directly with task difficulty as defined by Fitts' Law. Additional factors such as muscle activation may call for different cortical control even when difficulty was identical.
Role of nuclear protein Akirin in the modulation of female reproduction in Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
Authors: Gou Feiyan , Zhang Daowei , Chen Siqi , Zhang Mingjing , Chen Jing 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Akirin as a highly conserved transcription factor, exerts a profound influence on the growth, development, immune response, and reproductive processes in animals. The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, a major pest in rice production in Asia, possesses high reproductive capacity, a critical factor contributing to reduced rice yields. The aims of this study were to demonstrate the regulatory role of Akirin in the reproduction of BPH.Methods: In this study, quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of genes. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to downregulate the expression of Akirin gene, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to screen for differentially expressed genes caused by Akirin downregulation. Hormone contents were measured with the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and protein content was evaluated with the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method.Results: Using BPH genome data, we screened for an Akirin gene (NlAkirin). An analysis of tissue-specific expressions showed that NlAkirin was expressed in all tissues tested in female BPH, but its expression level was highest in the ovary. After inhibiting the mRNA expression of NlAkirin in BPH females, the number of eggs laid, hatching rate, and number of ovarioles decreased. Transcriptome sequencing was performed, following a NlAkirin double-stranded RNA treatment. Compared with the genes of the control, which was injected with GFP double-stranded RNA, there were 438 upregulated genes and 1012 downregulated genes; the expression of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) genes as well as the mRNA expression of genes related to the target of rapamycin (TOR), juvenile hormone (JH), and insulin pathways involved in Vg synthesis was significantly downregulated. As a result of NlAkirin knockdown, the titers of JH III and Ecdysone (Ecd) were downregulated in unmated females but returned to normal levels in mated females. The ovarian protein contents in both unmated and mated females were downregulated.Discussion and conclusion: Our results suggest that NlAkirin affects female BPH reproduction by regulating the mRNA expression of genes related to the Vg, VgR, TOR, JH, and insulin signaling pathways, in addition to the titers of JH III and Ecd. The findings of this research provide novel insights into the regulatory role of Akirin in insect reproductive capacity.
Factors associated with depression during pregnancy in women receiving high- and low-risk prenatal care: a predictive model
Authors: Albertini Jessica Gorrão Lopes , Benute Glaucia Rossana Guerra , Francisco Rossana Pulcineli Vieira , Galletta Marco Aurélio Knippel 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionDepression during pregnancy can put strain on pregnant women’s interpersonal relationships, the formation of emotional bonds with the fetus, and the adaptation to the new routine and social role post-pregnancy. Some studies have associated socioeconomic factors, emotional factors, interpersonal relationships, perceived social support, gestational risk, and the occurrence of certain diseases during pregnancy with higher risk of depression.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression during pregnancy and associated factors in low- and high-risk prenatal patients at a Brazilian university hospital.MethodsThis study presents a retrospective and prospective cross-sectional design. A total of 684 prenatal psychological analysis records from a Brazilian tertiary university service were retrospectively evaluated to assess depression through the PRIME-MD questionnaire between 2002–2017. Between 2017 and 2018, 76 patients treated at the same service were prospectively evaluated with the aforementioned instrument. Medical records were accessed to obtain labor and birth data. Multivariate analyses assessed the association between sociodemographic, gestational or obstetric, and health variables and the presence of depression during pregnancy.ResultsA total of 760 pregnant women were included in the study, with a depression prevalence of 20.66% (n = 157). At the time of assessment, 48 (21.05%) women from the low-risk pregnancy group and 109 (20.49%) from the high-risk pregnancy group were depressed. The mean age was 30.01 ± 6.55 years in the group with depression and 29.81 ± 6.50 years in the group without depression. In the univariate analysis, there was an association of risk for depression with absence of paid work, absence of a partner, low family income and diagnosis of epilepsy, being a protective factor the presence of diabetes during pregnancy. However, in the multivariate analysis, a lower family income, not having a partner at the time of the assessment, and the prevalence of epilepsy were independently associated with an increased risk of depression during pregnancy.ConclusionThis study showed that 1 in 5 women had depression during pregnancy, with no association with obstetric risk, but those women living in unfavorable economic conditions, without a partner, and having epilepsy were at increased risk of depression.
Autocatalyzed Kinetics of 6-Electron Electroreduction of Iodic Acid Studied by Rotating Disk Electrode Technique
Authors: Antipova Liliya , Tripachev Oleg , Rybakova Alexandra , Andreev Vladimir , Pichugov Roman , Sudarev George , Antipov Anatoly , Modestov Alexander 
Published: July 2024

The 6-electron electrochemical reduction of IO3− to I− represents a breakthrough for the development of next-generation redox flow batteries, offering substantially higher energy densities for oxidizer storage. Our study reveals that on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode in acidic electrolytes, HIO3 undergoes an autocatalyzed electrochemical reduction to I−. This process is mediated by the formation of a thin iodine layer on the electrode, acting as an intermediate and a catalyst. Under steady-state conditions, the iodine layer forms via a comproportionation reaction (HIO3 + I− + 5H+ = I2 (s) + 3H2O). Initially, the iodine layer is generated through the slow direct electrochemical reduction of HIO3 on pristine GC. Once established, this layer significantly enhances the rate of iodate reduction. On voltammetry curves, it is clearly observable as a step-wise current surge to reach a plateau. The limiting current density on the GC seemingly aligns with the Levich equation, varying with the RDE rotation rate. Earlier, we demonstrated the electrochemical oxidation of I− back to HIO3 using an H2/HIO3 flow cell, showcasing a full cycle that underpins the feasibility of this approach for energy storage. This study advances the understanding of iodate electroreduction and underscores its role in enhancing the capacity of next-generation energy storage systems.
Hemifacial Spasm Caused by Neurovascular Conflict: Clinical Picture, Diagnosis and Patient Management – The Current State of the Issue (Part II)
Authors: Сидорович Р.Р. , Лихачев С.А. , Родич А.В. , Чернуха Т.Н. , Марьенко И.П. , Давидян А.В. , Забродец Г.В. , Жучок А.Н. 
Published: July 2024

Гемифациальный спазм (ГФС) – это заболевание, характеризующееся непроизвольными повторяющимися односторонними сокращениями лицевой мускулатуры, не поддающимися самостоятельному купированию и сохраняющимися даже во время сна. Клиническая картина первичного гемифациального спазма чаще всего начинается с подергивания лицевой мускулатуры в параорбитальной области, которая затем распространяется на оставшуюся часть ипсилатеральной лицевой мускулатуры. Диагностика первичного гемифациального спазма основана на проведении высокопольного МРТ по программе Fiesta, которая может дополняться другими методами нейровизуализации с целью уточнения локализации конфликта, анатомии в области нейроваскулярного конфликта и определения дальнейшей тактики лечения. Лечение первичного ГФС включает в себя такие опции, как консервативная терапия, ботулинотерапия и хирургическое лечение в виде микроваскулярной декомпрессии лицевого нерва. Оптимизация диагностических критериев, предопределяющих дифференцированный подход к лечению данной патологии, остается актуальным вопросом современной неврологии и нейрохирургии, требующим дальнейшего детального изучения.
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a disease characterized by involuntary repeated unilateral contractions of the facial muscles that cannot be relieved on their own and persist even during sleep. The clinical picture of primary hemifacial spasm most often begins with twitching of the facial muscles in the paraorbital region, which then spreads to the rest of the ipsilateral facial muscles. Diagnosis of primary hemifacial spasm is based on high-field MRI using FIESTA MRI sequence, which can be supplemented with other neuroimaging techniques to clarify the conflict localization and the anatomy in the area of neurovascular conflict, and to determine further treatment tactics. The treatment of primary HFS includes such options as conservative therapy, botulinum therapy, and surgical treatment in the form of microvascular decompression of the facial nerve. The optimization of diagnostic criteria predetermining a differentiated approach to the treatment of this pathology remains an urgent issue of modern neurology and neurosurgery requiring further detailed study.
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH ORGANIK PASAR MELALUI BIOKONVERSI MAGGOT LALAT TENTARA HITAM (HERMETIA ILLUCENS) MENJADI PUPUK KASGOT
Authors: Nurdiyah Nurdiyah , Pagala Muh. Arman Yamin , Fausiah Andi , Anfas Anfas , Bulkis Bulkis , Syamsuddin Fajar Rakasiwi , Thamrin Saddam Husain 
Published: July 2024

Penambahan jumlah penduduk mempengaruhi pola konsumsi masyarakat yang semakin meningkat, tumbuhnya industri kuliner, perhotelan, serta minimnya kesadaran masyarakat membuang sampah organik disegala tempat menjadi penyumbang terbesar menumpuknya sampah di beberapa area Kota Majaene. Pengelolaan sampah seperti pemisahan sampah organik dan anorganik, serta pengolahan sampah di hilir belum ada. Menjadi faktor pengelolaan sampah di Majene belum mampu mengurangi sampah sesuai dengan empat prinsif pengelolaan sampah yaitu reduce, reuse, recyle dan replace. Pengelolaan dan pengolahan sampah organik yang ramah lingkungan sangat membantu mengurai sampah rumah tangga dan pasar, metode biokonversi maggot lalat tentara hitam (hermetia illucens). Dimana sampah organik rumah tangga dan pasar mampu diurai oleh maggot menjadi pupuk kasgot. Hasil pelatihan pengolahan sampah organik di kelompok tani Radang Balisang Kel. Tande Kec. Banggae Kab. Majene dengan metode biokonversi maggot, dengan 1 kilo gram maggot mampu mendegradasi sampah organik 1-1,5 kg sampah organik selama 24 jam. Proses perkembangbiakan bibit larva maggot dilokasi PkM sebanyak 300 gram telur maggot, dapat menghasilkan 1.500 gram larva maggot. Dengan potensi kemampuan mengurai sampah organik sebanyak 2,250 kg per hari. Pencapaian tujuan kegiatan PKM dapat dilihat dari peningkatan pengetahuan kelompok tani teknik budidaya maggot, proses pengolahan sampah organik melalui biokonversi maggot menjadi pupuk kasgot, dan menghasilkan produksi kasgot, dan pakan ternak.
الأمن البشري في العراق: مقاربة من منظور التنمية البشرية
Authors: كاظم كامل علاوي 
Published: July 2024

المقدمة برز مفهوم التنمية البشرية كرديف لمفهوم الأمن القومي الذي كان سائدا" أبان الحرب الباردة وأصبح أكثر انتشارا" عندما تبنى البرنامج الإنمائي التابع للأمم المتحدة هذا المفهوم في تقرير التنمية البشرية لسنة 1994 في تأكيده على محاولة إشراك الناس في عملية التنمية لوجود الرابط القوي بين الأمن والتنمية، وقد حدد ثمانية أبعاد للأمن البشري هي ( الاقتصادي، المالي، الغذائي، الصحي، البيئي، الجندري، الشخصي، المجتمعي، السياسي). ولهذا الرابط فقد تبنت كثير من الدول هذا المفهوم وضمنته في تقاريرها الوطنية. ولم تقتصر الحكومات على الأبعاد المارة الذكر بل هناك قائمة من الموضوعات تختلف من دولة إلى أخرى حسب وجهة نظر الدولة إلى مفهوم الأمن البشري وللتهديدات والعقبات التي تواجهها فقد ادخل، حظر الألغام ضد الأشخاص، منع التجنيد العسكري ضد الأطفال، تعزيز القانون الدولي.... ، لذا فان مفهوم الأمن البشري ليس مفهوما" ساكنا" بل مفهوما متجددا وديناميكا" مما يجعل مناقشته وتحديد آلياته أمرا" لابد منه. إن الأمن البشري يهتم أساسا" بالفرد والمجتمع أكثر مما يهتم بالدولة نفسها وهنا يتطلب الأمر التمييز بين “ الأمن الوطني " الذي يركز على وحدة أراضي الدولة وحرية شكل الحكومة و" الأمن البشري " الذي يعني بالناس والمجتمع وبالذات الناس الذين يعانون من حالات متطرفة من الاستبعاد والإقصاء والتهميش الاجتماعي والاقتصادي. وعلى ضوء هذا فان التهديدات التي تهدد الأمن البشري ليست بالضرورة تهدد امن الدولة.ويرتبط الأمن البشري بالتنمية البشرية من خلال التكافؤ والاستدامة والنمو الاقتصادي والتحرر من الخوف والتخلص من الفقر وإشاعة والحكم الصالح والاستقرار السياسي..... ، وهذه الظواهر قد تكون لها آثارا ايجابية في حالة تحسنها وآثارا سلبية في حالة تدهورها.لذا فان الدول تسعى إلى تحقيق امن بشري تجعل منه حافزا لتحقيق تنمية بشرية مستدامة في البلد، كما تسعى إلى تحقيق تنمية مستدامة لحماية الأفراد وتحصينهم وتحسين مستوى معيشتهم، كما تسعى الدول جاهدة للتخلص من العقبات والتهديدات التي تقف أمام تحقيق الأمن البشري في البلد، وتزداد أهمية تحقيق الأمن البشري في الدول التي تمر بحالات استثنائية مثل العراق حيث العمليات الإرهابية وتدهور المستوى ألمعاشي والصحي والتعليمي وارتفاع معدلات التضخم والبطالة وانخفاض المعونات والفساد الإداري والمالي....، والتي تشكل أهم التحديات والعقبات التي تقف حائلا" أمام تحقيق الأمن البشري.
قياس القيمة العادلة للأسهم العادية باستعمال نموذج مضاعف الربحية (دراسة تطبيقية في المصارف العراقية الخاصة المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية)
Authors: عبد الزهرة كرار سليم , عوجه حسنين كاظم , طلب حسنين راغب 
Published: July 2024

يهدف البحث إلى توضيح مفهوم القيمة العادلة ومبررات استخدامها، واستعراض الطرق الممكنة لقياس القيمة العادلة للأسهم، فضلا عن بيان إمكانية قياس القيمة العادلة للأسهم العادية باستعمال نموذج مضاعف الربحية. ولتحقيق هدف البحث فقد تم اختبار ذلك النموذج بالتطبيق على المصارف العراقية الخاصة المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية للفترة من 2009-2012. وقد تم استخدام برنامج الحزمة الإحصائية SSPS في حساب متغيرات النموذج المتمثلة بالانحراف المعياري والارتباط الخطي البسيط، وقد توصل البحث إلى إمكانية قياس القيمة العادلة لأسهم المصارف العراقية الخاصة باستخدام النموذج المذكور. وانطلاقا من نتائج البحث يوصي الباحثون بضرورة قيام المصارف العراقية وسوق العراق للأوراق المالية بقياس وإظهار القيمة العادلة للأسهم في التقارير التي يصدرونها، وضرورة قيام الجهات المنظمة لعمل المهنة المحاسبية في العراق بإصدار معيار أو قاعدة محاسبية محلية تتعلق بالقيمة العادلة للأسهم لضرورة ذلك في تشجيع الاستثمار وتوظيف رؤوس الأموال في الوحدات الاقتصادية العراقية.
METHODOLOGY FOR ESTIMATING THE DEMAND FOR CAR WASH SERVICES FOR THE PURPOSE OF TECHNOLOGICAL DESIGN OF SELF-SERVICE ENTERPRISES
Authors: Денисов Илья Владимирович 
Published: July 2024

Настоящая работа содержит методику оценки спроса для цели технологического проектирования предприятий сервиса по самообслуживанию, предоставляющих услуги по мойке автомобилей собственниками. Рассмотрен механизм анализа рынка сервисных услуг и количественной оценки уровня спроса на уборочномоечные работы у автомобилистов. Даны рекомендации по практическому применению основных положений разработанной методики. На примере г. Муром установлена необходимость проектирования организации автомобильного сервиса, определено число заездов и рассчитана её мощность.
This work contains a methodology for assessing demand for the purpose of technological design of selfservice enterprises providing car wash services by owners. The mechanism of analysis of the market of services and quantitative assessment of the level of demand for cleaning and washing work among motorists is considered. The article gives recommendations on the practical application of the main provisions of the developed methodology. On the example of the city of Murom, the need for designing the organization of an automobile service was established, the number of races was determined and its capacity was calculated.
PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRANSPORT INDUSTRY IN THE CONDITIONS OF PROCESSES OF GLOBALIZATION AND REGIONALIZATION
Authors: Куренков Пётр Владимирович , Солоп Ирина Андреевна , Чеботарева Евгения Андреевна , Сафронов Сергей Анатольевич 
Published: July 2024

Рассматриваются вопросы глобализации экономики России. Отмечено снижение транспортной работы и изменение логистических схем доставки из-за введенных санкций. Приведен прогноз мирового изменения ВВП с распределением по странам.
The issues of globalization of the Russian economy are considered. There was a decrease in transport work and a change in logistics delivery schemes due to the sanctions imposed. The forecast of global GDP change with distribution by country is given.
METHODOLOGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
Authors: Поспелова Любовь Николаевна , Германовна Галанина Елена 
Published: July 2024

Рассматриваются инфраструктурные проекты, финансируемые Правительством РФ в области железнодорожного транспорта и зарубежными компаниями. Предложены возможные подходы к разработке проектов железнодорожной инфраструктуры.
Infrastructure projects financed by the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of railway transport and foreign companies are being considered. Possible approaches to the development of railway infrastructure projects are proposed.
METHOD OF MANAGING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF A VEHICLE ENGINE. PART 1. CURRENT STATUS OF RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Authors: Денисов Илья Владимирович , Акимов Владимир Олегович 
Published: July 2024

Работа посвящена актуальному вопросу управления техническим состоянием автомобильных двигателей в эксплуатации. Представлен литературный обзор научных работ. Установлено, что ресурс деталей цилиндро-поршневой группы во многом определяет долговечность мотора. Повышение показателей надежности силовых агрегатов колесных транспортных машин осуществляют, применяя современные материалы и внедряя новые конструкторские и технологические решения. Обеспечение безотказности и долговечности двигателя в эксплуатации возможно путем разработки методов управления техническим состоянием его механизмов и систем, базирующихся на диагностической информации о фактическом значении показателей его работоспособности, оценке динамики их изменения, а также базе данных о наименее надежных элементах конструкции.
This work is devoted to the relevance of the issue of managing the technical condition of automobile engines in operation. The literature review of scientific works is presented. It is found that the resource of parts of the cylinderpiston group largely determines the durability of the motor. Increasing the reliability of power units of wheeled transport vehicles is carried out using modern materials and introducing new design and technological solutions. Ensuring the reliability and durability of the engine in operation is possible by developing methods for managing the technical condition of its mechanisms and systems based on diagnostic information about the actual value of its performance indicators, assessing the dynamics of their changes, as well as a database of the least reliable structural elements.
IMPROVING THE OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF KAMAZ VEHICLES THROUGH COMPENSATORY MEASURES IN THE DIESEL LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Authors: Денисов Александр Сергеевич , Барыльникова Елена Петровна , Темерсултанов Тухан Сайдахмедович , Гафиятуллин Асхат Асадуллович , Шерстнев Николай Александрович 
Published: July 2024

В работе проведен теоретический анализ причин снижения давления в смазочной системе дизелей в процессе эксплуатации. Приведены экспериментальные результаты. Обоснованы предложения по усовершенствованию смазочной системы для повышения ресурса дизелей.
The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the causes of pressure reduction in the lubrication system of diesel engines during operation. Experimental results are presented. The proposals for improving the lubrication system to increase the service life of diesel engines are substantiated.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL PROBLEMS OF THE PERSONNEL TRANSFORMATION IN HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES AND WAYS OF THEIR SOLUTION
Authors: Чернышов Л.Н. 
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена проблемам повышения профессионального уровня работников предприятий в сфере жилищно-коммунального хозяйства и путям их решения в современных условиях. Раскрываются основные причины, оказывающие влияние на низкий уровень квалификации персонала предприятий отрасли, а также проводится ретроспективный анализ действующих и находящихся на стадии разработки и согласования нормативно-правовых документов, способных оказать положительное влияние на улучшение ситуации с подготовкой кадров для предприятий жилищно-коммунального хозяйства.
The article is devoted to the problems of improving the professional level of employees of enterprises in the field of housing and communal services and ways to solve them in modern conditions. We here reveal the main reasons that influence the low level of skills of personnel at enterprises in the industry. We also carried out a retrospective analysis of existing regulatory documents and those ones that are currently at the stage of development and approval. These are the documents that can have a positive impact on improving the situation with personnel training for housing and communal services enterprises.