bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Febrile Neutropenia During Induction Chemotherapy in Adults With Acute Leukemia
Authors: Rajme‐López Sandra , Tello‐Mercado Andrea C. , Ortíz‐Brizuela Edgar , Martínez‐Guerra Bernardo A. , Tamez‐Torres Karla M. , Román‐Montes Carla M. , González‐Lara María F. , Ponce‐de‐León Alfredo 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundFew studies regarding infectious causes of febrile neutropenia (FN) in Mexico are available.AimsWe aimed to describe clinical and microbiological characteristics of FN episodes during induction chemotherapy in adults with acute leukemia.Methods and ResultsThis retrospective cohort from a Mexican tertiary care center included adults with newly diagnosed acute leukemia between January 2014, and December 2018. Clinical and microbiological characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics. Univariate analyses for associations between clinical characteristics and FN and/or death were made; logistic regression analysis was performed to assess relationships with FN. Kaplan–Meier survival estimates were modeled for antimicrobial prophylaxis and FN. Ninety‐five patients were included. Median age was 28 (IQR 20–43), 49 (52%) were males, and 74 (78%) developed FN (74/95). Among these, 98% had an identified source of infection (73/74) and 65% had >1. Common infections were urinary tract infection (24%), bacterial sinusitis (20%), and bacterial pneumonia (19%). Gram‐negatives were the most frequently isolated microorganisms (69%), followed by Gram‐positives (21%), and fungi (9%). Antimicrobial prophylaxis was inversely associated with FN (aOR = 0.07, CI 0.008–0.060, p = 0.02). Invasive fungal diseases were associated with 30‐day mortality (aOR = 9.46, 95% CI 1.66–54.05).ConclusionInfections caused 98% of the FN episodes. Gram‐negative bacteria are the most common pathogens.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Metabolic Reprogramming in the Tumor Microenvironment From 2003 to 2022
Authors: Xi Yupeng , Liu Rui , Zhang Xing , Guo Qiujun , Zhang Xiwen , Yang Zizhen , Zheng Honggang , Song Qingqiao , Hua Baojin 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDespite considerable progress in cancer immunotherapy, it is not available for many patients. Resistance to immune checkpoint blockers arises from the intricate interactions between cancer and its microenvironment. Metabolic reprogramming in tumor and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) influences anti‐tumor immune responses by remodeling the immune microenvironment. Metabolic reprogramming has emerged as an important hallmark of tumorigenesis. However, few studies have focused on the TME and metabolic reprogramming. Therefore, we aimed to explore the current research status and popular topics in TME‐related metabolic reprogramming over a 20 years using a bibliometric approach.MethodsStudies focusing on metabolic reprogramming and TME were searched using the Web of Science Core Collection database. Bibliometric and visual analyses of the articles and reviews were performed using Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace.ResultsIn total, 4726 articles published between 2003 and 2022 were selected. The number of publications and citations has increased annually. Cooperation network analysis indicated that the United States holds the foremost position in metabolic reprogramming and TME research with the highest volume of publications and citations, thus exerting the greatest influence. Among these institutions, Fudan University displayed the highest level of productivity. Frontiers in Immunology showed the highest degree of productivity in this field. Ho Ping‐Chih made the most article contributions, and Pearce Edward J. was the most co‐cited author. Four clusters were obtained after a cluster analysis of the authors' keywords: TME, metabolic reprogramming, immunometabolism, and immunity. Immunometabolism, glycolysis, immune cells, and tumor‐associated macrophages are relatively recent keywords that have attracted increasing attention.ConclusionsA comprehensive landscape of advancements in metabolic reprogramming and the TME was evaluated, which provided crucial information for scholars to further advance this promising field. Further research should explore new topics related to immunometabolism in the TME using a transdisciplinary approach.
Selective Chromogenic Chemosensors for Arsenite Anion: A Facile Approach to Analyzing Arsenite in Honey, Milk, and Water Samples
Authors: Nagaraj K. , Shetty A. Nityananda , Trivedi Darshak R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, two chemosensors, N5R1 and N5R2, based on 5‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐2‐furaldehyde, with varying electron‐withdrawing groups, were synthesized and effectively employed for the colorimetric selective detection of arsenite anions in a DMSO/H2O solvent mixture (8 : 2, v/v). Chemosensors N5R1 and N5R2 exhibited a distinct color change upon binding with arsenite, accompanied by a spectral shift toward the near‐infrared region (Δλmax exceeding 200 nm). These chemosensors established stability between a pH range 6–12. Among them, N5R2 displayed the lowest detection limit of 17.63 ppb with a high binding constant of 2.6163×105 M−1 for arsenite. The binding mechanism involved initial hydrogen bonding between the NH binding site and the arsenite anion, followed by deprotonation and an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism. The mechanism was confirmed through UV and 1H NMR titrations, cyclic voltammetric studies, and theoretical calculations. The interactions between the sensor and arsenite anions were further analyzed using global reactivity parameters (GRPs). Practical applications were demonstrated through the utilization of test strips and molecular logic gates. Real water samples, honey, and milk samples were successfully analyzed by both chemosensors for the sensing of arsenite.
Environmental determinants of bryophyte community change over time
Authors: Shershen Eric , Stehn Sarah E. , Budke Jessica M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEnvironmental factors mediating community change over time have been well documented for vascular plants, but not for their non‐vascular relatives, bryophytes. Elevation is one variable that has been explored regarding bryophyte community change wherein as elevation increases, bryophyte communities increase in diversity and abundance, whereas diversity and abundance decline for vascular plant communities. This begs the question, how might other environmental variables such as slope and aspect influence bryophyte communities, and how might these variables drive community changes over time? Our study focused on bryophyte communities in high elevation, spruce‐fir zones in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP), located in the Southeastern United States to answer this question. Plots established in 2007 were revisited and reinventoried in 2020. Comparisons were drawn to determine whether changes in bryophyte coverage corresponded to canopy cover change and environmental factors including elevation, slope, and aspect. Diversity and abundance at the two timepoints were analyzed. Alpha diversity and turnover across orders of q were compared for different elevation zones. Bryophyte alpha diversity at q = 0 significantly declined over time in association with elevation, but at q = 2, changes in alpha diversity varied according to changes in gap fraction, a measure of canopy cover, and slope. Bryophyte coverage remained stable except in the highest elevation zone dominated by fir trees where there was a decline in coverage predicted by aspect. There were high rates of turnover across all elevation zones regardless of Hill number. In contrast with other studies which examine how environmental variables mediate community changes at q = 0, the species richness of a community, our study shows that the environmental drivers of bryophyte community change vary depending on how abundance is weighted.
The Gauche‐Effect in 1,2‐Bis(arylsulfonate)ethanes
Authors: Sugiura Ken‐ichi , Nagano Kota , Hirabayashi Kazunori , Nishinaga Tohru , Shimizu Toshio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWith an aim of obtaining a fundamental understanding of C−C bond conformation theory, the molecular structure of an ethane with electron‐withdrawing groups, 1,2‐bis(4‐methoxybenzene‐sulfonate)ethane, was elucidated. According to the general conformation rule for alkanes, which states that molecules adopt a stabilized structure to avoid steric repulsion, ethanes typically adopt anti‐conformation. However, the title compound exhibited gauche‐conformation, as revealed by a single crystal diffraction study. Theoretical studies also support this behavior. Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis suggests that the orbital interaction between the σ*CO orbital, attributable to the sulfonate groups, and the adjacent σCH orbital stabilizes the gauche‐conformation. The authors conclude that the sulfonate group acts as a gauche‐effect synthon, which is widely applicable in organic chemistry.
Electrochemical Oxidation and Determination of 3‐Methyladenine at Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Oliveira José Eudes S. , Araújo Alex P. , Neto José Gouveia S. , de Almeida João Paulo B. , Souza Gil Eric , dos Santos Vagner B. , Oliveira Severino Carlos B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe electrooxidation of 3‐methyladenine (3‐mAde) in aqueous electrolytes on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was investigated by voltammetric techniques and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Different experimental factors were explored, such as the influence of concentration, composition and pH of the medium, mass transport, adsorption of products on GCE and the presence of possible interferers on the oxidation of 3‐mAde. The electrochemical data demonstrated that the methyl group is not electroactive, but strongly influences the oxidation mechanism of 3‐mAde. The anodic behaviour of 3‐mAde occurred from mass transport by diffusion, in a single irreversible pH‐dependent step, in an electrode reaction with the removal of one electron and one proton. By cyclic voltammetry the diffusion coefficient of 3‐mAde was assessed in physiological neutral pH (D3‐mAde=1.57×10−5 cm2 s−1). In comparison to adenine, the oxidation of 3‐mAde occurred at more positive potential values (~200 mV), thus allowing the simultaneous voltammetric determination of both bases. A new differential pulse voltammetric method for determination of 3‐mAde in acetate buffer (pH=4.5) and phosphate buffer (pH=7.0) was also proposed. Recovery experiments were performed and additions of 3‐mAde with known concentrations were made in samples prepared from mixtures of free DNA bases and the 7‐mGua adduct in acetate buffer (pH=4.5). The results were quite satisfactory (96.4 – 101.3% recovery), indicating excellent precision and accuracy, as well as advantages such as simplicity, speed and cost of the proposed method.
A review of challenges with using the natural gas system for hydrogen
Authors: Martin Paul , Ocko Ilissa B. , Esquivel‐Elizondo Sofia , Kupers Roland , Cebon David , Baxter Tom , Hamburg Steven P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHydrogen, as an energy carrier, is attractive to many stakeholders based on the assumption that the extensive global network of natural gas infrastructure can be repurposed to transport hydrogen as part of a zero‐carbon energy future. Therefore, utility companies and governments are rapidly advancing efforts to pilot blending low‐carbon hydrogen into existing natural gas systems, many with the goal of eventually shifting to pure hydrogen. However, hydrogen has fundamentally different physical and chemical properties to natural gas, with major consequences for safety, energy supply, climate, and cost. We evaluate the suitability of using existing natural gas infrastructure for distribution of hydrogen. We summarize differences between hydrogen and natural gas, assess the latest science and engineering of each component of the natural gas value chain for hydrogen distribution, and discuss proposed solutions for building an effective hydrogen value chain. We find that every value chain component is challenged by reuse. Hydrogen blending can circumvent many challenges but offers only a small reduction in greenhouse gas emissions due to hydrogen's low volumetric energy density. Furthermore, a transition to pure hydrogen is not possible without significant retrofits and replacements. Even if technical and economic barriers are overcome, serious safety and environmental risks remain.
AutoESD: An Automated System for Detecting Nonauthentic Texts for High‐Stakes Writing Tests
Authors: Choi Ikkyu , Hao Jiangang , Li Chen , Fauss Michael , Novák Jakub 
Published: August 2024

A frequently encountered security issue in writing tests is nonauthentic text submission: Test takers submit texts that are not their own but rather are copies of texts prepared by someone else. In this report, we propose AutoESD, a human‐in‐the‐loop and automated system to detect nonauthentic texts for a large‐scale writing tests, and report its performance on an operational data set. The AutoESD system utilizes multiple automated text similarity measures to identify suspect texts and provides an analytics‐enhanced web application to help human experts review the identified texts. To evaluate the performance of AutoESD, we obtained its similarity measures on TOEFL iBT® test writing responses collected from multiple remote administrations and examined their distributions. The results were highly encouraging in that the distributional characteristics of AutoESD similarity measures were effective in identifying suspect texts and the measures could be computed quickly without affecting the operational score turnaround timeline.
Pricing VIX Futures and Options With Good and Bad Volatility of Volatility
Authors: Guo Zhiyu , Huang Zhuo , Tong Chen 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis article studies the pricing of VIX futures and options by directly modeling the dynamics of VIX, based on realized semivariances computed from high‐frequency data of VIX. We derive the closed‐form pricing formula for both the VIX futures and options. The empirical results show that the new model provides superior pricing performance compared with the model based on conventional unsigned realized variance and the classic Heston‐Nandi GARCH model, both in sample and out of sample. Our study confirms that the decomposition of realized variance into upside and downside components helps to improve the pricing performance for VIX futures and options.
Machine learning‐driven implementation of workflow optimization in cloud computing for IoT applications
Authors: Jamal Md Khalid , Faisal Mohammad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe optimization of workflow scheduling in Internet of Things (IoT) environments presents significant challenges due to the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of these systems. Traditional techniques must often adapt to fluctuating network conditions and varying data loads. To address these limitations, we propose a novel approach that leverages Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) integrated with cloud computing to optimize workflow scheduling for IoT applications. Our solution automates machine learning model selection, training, and tuning, significantly enhancing computational efficiency and adaptability. Through extensive experimentation, we demonstrate that our AutoML‐driven approach surpasses conventional algorithms across several key metrics, including accuracy, computational efficiency, adaptability to dynamic environments, and communication efficiency. Specifically, our method achieves a scheduling accuracy improvement of up to 25%, a reduced computational overhead by 30%, and a 40% enhancement in adaptability under dynamic conditions. Furthermore, the scalability of our solution is critical in cloud computing contexts, enabling efficient handling of large‐scale IoT deployments by leveraging cloud resources for distributed processing. This scalability ensures that our approach can effectively manage increasing data volumes and device heterogeneity inherent in modern IoT systems.
A variant in long noncoding RNA NORSF affects granulosa cells response to transcription factor RFX7
Authors: Wang Miaomiao , Zhang Jiyu , Sheng Wenmin , Wu Wangjun , Du Xing , Li Qifa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNORSF is a nuclear long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that contributes to the follicular atresia and restrains 17β‐estradiol (E2) release by granulosa cells (GCs). Importantly, it is also a potential candidate gene in the quantitative trait locus (QTLs) for sow fertility traits. We identified NORSF as a candidate (causal) gene affecting sow fertility traits. A novel G–A variant was discovered at −478 nt of the NORSF promoter and termed as g.−478G>A. Association analysis revealed that this variant was associated with sow fertility traits (e.g., the total number of piglets born, the total number of piglets born alive, and the number of healthy piglets). Mechanistically, the g.−478G>A variant reduced the binding activity of the NORSF promoter to its transcription activator regulatory factor X7 (RFX7), leading to decreased NORSF promoter activity and transcription levels in sow GCs (sGCs), and weakened inhibitory effects on the transcription of CYP19A1, which encodes a rate‐limiting enzyme for E2 synthesis and E2 release by sGCs. In addition, RFX7 is transcriptionally activated by P53, which restrains E2 release from sGCs via the RFX7/NORSF/CYP19A1 pathway. These findings indicate that the lncRNA NORSF is a causal gene in QTLs for sow fertility traits and define the P53/NORSF/CYP19A1 pathway as a new signaling pathway affecting sow reproduction, which provides a new target for improving female fertility.
Tactics of just, equitable, diverse, and inclusive scientific research
Authors: Kyonka Elizabeth G. E. , Subramaniam Shrinidhi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe principles of social justice, equity, diversity, inclusion (JEDI) have received increasing attention in behavior analysis circles, but the conversation has largely centered on implications for applied behavior analysis practice and research. It may be less clear to researchers who conduct basic and translational research how JEDI principles can inform and inspire their work. This article synthesizes publications from behavior analysis and other scientific fields about tactics of JEDI‐informed research. We organized this scholarship across five stages of research from developing the research question to sharing findings and curated sources for an audience of behavioral science researchers. We discuss reflexive practice, representation, belongingness, participatory research, quantitative critical theory, and open science, among other topics. Some researchers may have already adopted some of the practices outlined, some may begin new practices, and some may choose to conduct experimental analyses of JEDI problems. Our hope is that those actions will be reinforced by the behavior analysis scientific community. We conclude by encouraging the leadership of this journal to continue to work toward the structural changes necessary to make the experimental analysis of behavior just, equitable, diverse, and inclusive.
The impact of analytical treatment interruptions and trial interventions on time to viral re‐suppression in people living with HIV restarting ART in cure‐related clinical studies: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lee Ming Jie , Eason Miles , Castagna Antonella , Laura Galli , De Scheerder Marie‐Angelique , Riley James , Tebas Pablo , Gunst Jesper , Søgaard Ole , Florence Eric , Kroon Eugene , De Souza Mark , Mothe Beatriz , Caskey Marina , Fidler Sarah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo assess the effectiveness of novel HIV curative strategies, “cure” trials require periods of closely monitored antiretroviral therapy (ART) analytical treatment interruptions (ATIs). We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to identify the impact of ATI with or without novel therapeutics in cure‐related studies on the time to viral re‐suppression following ART restart.MethodsMedline, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched for human studies involving ATIs from 1 January 2015 till 22 April 2024. The primary outcome was time to first viral re‐suppression (plasma HIV viral load [VL] <50 copies/ml) stratified by receipt of interventional drug with ATI (IA) or ATI‐only groups. Random‐effects proportional meta‐analysis and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis were performed using R.ResultsOf 1073 studies screened, 13 were included that met the inclusion criteria with VL data available after restarting ART (n= 213 participants). There was no difference between time to viral suppression in IA or ATI‐only cohorts (p= 0.22). For 87% of participants, viral suppression within 12 weeks of ART restart was achieved, and all eventually had at least one VL <50 copies/ml during follow‐up. After adjusting for covariables, while participants in the IA cohort were associated with less rapid suppression (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.61, 95% CI 0.40–0.94,p= 0.026), other factors include greater log VL at ART restart (aHR 0.56, 95% CI 0.46–0.68,p<0.001), duration since HIV diagnosis (aHR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89–0.96) and longer intervals between HIV VL monitoring (aHR 0.66, 95% CI 0.59–0.74,p<0.001). However, the use of integrase inhibitors was associated with more rapid viral suppression (aHR 1.74, 95% CI 1.16–2.59).DiscussionWhen designing studies involving ATIs, information on time to viral re‐suppression after restarting ART is important to share with participants, and should be regularly monitored and reported, to assess the impact and safety of specific trial interventions in ATI studies.ConclusionsThe majority of participants achieved viral suppression after restarting ART in ATI studies. ART regimens containing integrase inhibitors and frequent VL monitoring should be offered for people restarting ART after ATI studies to ensure rapid re‐suppression.
Do early‐treated adults with phenylketonuria sense high phenylalanine levels?
Authors: Hauri Laura , Muri Raphaela , Everts Regula , Trepp Roman 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze whether early‐treated adults with phenylketonuria (PKU) can subjectively sense high phenylalanine (Phe) concentrations and whether a possible impact of Phe on objective measures of cognitive performance and mood reflects patients' self‐perception. Data from the PICO study, a randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, crossover trial, were analyzed. Twenty‐eight adults with PKU received either Phe capsules or placebo in two 4‐week intervention periods in a randomized order, with a 4‐week washout in between. The median Phe level increased from 852 μmol/L (interquartile range: 345) to 1455 μmol/L (interquartile range: 369). Neuropsychological assessments were performed at four study visits. At the end of the last study visit, patients were asked whether they could discern the Phe intervention period. Seven of 28 (25%) patients stated that they could not discern between the Phe and the placebo period. Twenty‐one of 28 (75%) patients subjectively thought to sense high Phe levels. Of the 21 patients, 12 (57%) correctly identified the Phe period, whereas 9 (43%) received placebo at the time when they thought they would receive the high Phe load. Binomial tests showed that the probability of 12 out of 21 is p = 0.140, and 12 out of 28 is p = 0.113. The “Right‐Guess” group showed significantly higher Phe changes than the “Wrong‐Guess” group. Cognitive performance and standardized mood assessment did not significantly differ, and both groups reported similar subjective negative impact on cognition and mood. In conclusion, adults with early‐treated PKU cannot effectively identify high Phe levels, although some individuals may be able to perceive more pronounced increases in Phe levels.