bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Being Barefoot as the Absolutely Beautiful: Moral Creativity Regained and Empowered through Perceiving (Milk)maids Painted and Retouched by Peter Paul Rubens
Authors: Chien Jui-Pi 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper problematizes the feature of being barefoot that appears to be an idiosyncratic feature found in Rubens’s depictions of (milk)maids, mythical and biblical female figures. To appreciate oddities Rubens created, the paper starts with a discussion that enlarges on the merits that we may gain from contemplating allegories set against pleasant-looking landscapes. It then scrutinizes the heated debates over the validity of iconic signs, which enables us to recognize our application of certain laws and principles as the essential condition in carrying out semiotic cum hermeneutic inquiries. We, therefore, become empowered on the one hand to perceive oddities as manifestations of freedom and play and, on the other, to unify different approaches the painter adopted on the same horizons of judging. All in all, this paper argues for the urgency of our developing morally creative conditions in justifying and interpreting strange and deviant forms.
Hibernation strategies and patterns in sympatric arctic species, the Alaska marmot and the arctic ground squirrel
Authors: Lee Trixie N. , Kohl Franziska , Buck C. Loren , Barnes Brian M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe compared patterns of core body temperature ( Tb ) change, including inter-individual synchrony, in 2 free-living arctic hibernators that differ in size and sociality, the Alaska marmot ( Marmota broweri ) and the arctic ground squirrel ( Urocitellus parryii ). We report overwinter Tb changes from 3 to 4 marmots from the same hibernaculum in each of 3 years and from 7 ground squirrels that hibernated at 2 nearby burrow sites in 1 year. Very close synchrony in the timing of torpor and arousal cycles in Alaska marmots indicates social hibernation and thermoregulation, while lack of synchrony in arctic ground squirrels further confirms solitary hibernation. The mean duration between the first and last marmot measured within the group to initiate an arousal was 3.7±2.5h and to recool to 30°C during torpor entrance was 5.7±3.7h. The minimum Tb recorded in marmots was 0.6°C and in ground squirrels was −2.0°C. Marmots entering torpor displayed an interrupted pattern of Tb change defined by 2 distinct rates of cooling, early and late during entry, that differed by 21-fold. Ground squirrels cooled in a continuous pattern, initially 3-fold slower than marmots during rapid cooling but 4-fold faster during slow cooling. Both species must minimize energy expenditure to survive long arctic winters; our results suggest that Alaska marmots do this through social thermoregulation, while arctic ground squirrels decrease Tb below freezing to minimize the difference between body and ambient temperatures.
Association between Intraoperative Hypotension and Myocardial Injury after Vascular Surgery
Authors: van Waes Judith A. R. , van Klei Wilton A. , Wijeysundera Duminda N. , van Wolfswinkel Leo , Lindsay Thomas F. , Beattie W. Scott 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAbstract
In a cohort study of elderly vascular surgery patients, intraoperative hypotension defined as a 40% decrease from preinduction mean arterial pressure for greater than 30 min is associated with an increased postoperative myocardial injury. The work highlights the degree and duration of perioperative hypotension as important variables associated with myocardial injury in a high-risk surgical population.
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Background
Postoperative myocardial injury occurs frequently after noncardiac surgery and is strongly associated with mortality. Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) is hypothesized to be a possible cause. The aim of this study was to determine the association between IOH and postoperative myocardial injury.

Methods
This cohort study included 890 consecutive patients aged 60 yr or older undergoing vascular surgery from two university centers. The occurrence of myocardial injury was assessed by troponin measurements as part of a postoperative care protocol. IOH was defined by four different thresholds using either relative or absolute values of the mean arterial blood pressure based on previous studies. Either invasive or noninvasive blood pressure measurements were used. Poisson regression analysis was used to determine the association between IOH and postoperative myocardial injury, adjusted for potential clinical confounders and multiple comparisons.

Results
Depending on the definition used, IOH occurred in 12 to 81% of the patients. Postoperative myocardial injury occurred in 131 (29%) patients with IOH as defined by a mean arterial pressure less than 60 mmHg, compared with 87 (20%) patients without IOH (P = 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounding factors including mean heart rates, a 40% decrease from the preinduction mean arterial blood pressure with a cumulative duration of more than 30 min was associated with postoperative myocardial injury (relative risk, 1.8; 99% CI, 1.2 to 2.6, P < 0.001). Shorter cumulative durations (less than 30 min) were not associated with myocardial injury. Postoperative myocardial infarction and death within 30 days occurred in 26 (6%) and 17 (4%) patients with IOH as defined by a mean arterial pressure less than 60 mmHg, compared with 12 (3%; P = 0.08) and 15 (3%; P = 0.77) patients without IOH, respectively.

Conclusions
In elderly vascular surgery patients, IOH defined as a 40% decrease from the preinduction mean arterial blood pressure with a cumulative duration of more than 30 min was associated with postoperative myocardial injury.
Efficient watcher based web crawler design
Authors: ALQARALEH Saed , RAMADAN Omar , SALAMAH Muhammed 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to design a watcher-based crawler (WBC) that has the ability of crawling static and dynamic web sites, and can download only the updated and newly added web pages.

Design/methodology/approach
– In the proposed WBC crawler, a watcher file, which can be uploaded to the web sites servers, prepares a report that contains the addresses of the updated and the newly added web pages. In addition, the WBC is split into five units, where each unit is responsible for performing a specific crawling process.

Findings
– Several experiments have been conducted and it has been observed that the proposed WBC increases the number of uniquely visited static and dynamic web sites as compared with the existing crawling techniques. In addition, the proposed watcher file not only allows the crawlers to visit the updated and newly web pages, but also solves the crawlers overlapping and communication problems.

Originality/value
– The proposed WBC performs all crawling processes in the sense that it detects all updated and newly added pages automatically without any human explicit intervention or downloading the entire web sites.
Ranking retrieval systems using pseudo relevance judgments
Authors: Ravana Sri Devi , Rajagopal Prabha , Balakrishnan Vimala 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– In a system-based approach, replicating the web would require large test collections, and judging the relevancy of all documents per topic in creating relevance judgment through human assessors is infeasible. Due to the large amount of documents that requires judgment, there are possible errors introduced by human assessors because of disagreements. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study explores exponential variation and document ranking methods that generate a reliable set of relevance judgments (pseudo relevance judgments) to reduce human efforts. These methods overcome problems with large amounts of documents for judgment while avoiding human disagreement errors during the judgment process. This study utilizes two key factors: number of occurrences of each document per topic from all the system runs; and document rankings to generate the alternate methods.

Findings
– The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated using the correlation coefficient of ranked systems using mean average precision scores between the original Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) relevance judgments and pseudo relevance judgments. The results suggest that the proposed document ranking method with a pool depth of 100 could be a reliable alternative to reduce human effort and disagreement errors involved in generating TREC-like relevance judgments.

Originality/value
– Simple methods proposed in this study show improvement in the correlation coefficient in generating alternate relevance judgment without human assessors while contributing to information retrieval evaluation.
Forensic procedures for facial-composite construction
Authors: Fodarella Cristina , Kuivaniemi-Smith Heidi , Gawrylowicz Julie , Frowd Charlie D. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The paper provides a detailed description of standard procedures for constructing facial composites. These procedures are relevant to forensic practice and are contained in the technical papers of this special issue; the purpose of this paper is also to provide an expanding reference of procedures for future research on facial composites and facial-composite systems.

Design/methodology/approach
– A detailed account is given of the interaction between practitioner and witness for producing a facial composite. This account involves an overview of the Cognitive Interview (CI) and the Holistic CI (H-CI) techniques used to obtain a description of the face of an offender (target); the authors then describe how this information is used to produce a composite from five popular face-production systems: Sketch, PRO-fit, Electronic Facial Identification Technique (E-FIT), EvoFIT and EFIT-V. An online annex is also made available to provide procedural information for additional composite systems.

Practical implications
– The work is valuable to forensic practitioners and researchers as a reference for interviewing techniques (involving a CI or an H-CI) and using facial-composite systems.

Originality/value
– The authors provide an accessible, current guide for how to administer interviewing techniques and how to construct composites from a range of face-production systems.
Effect of phase-lags on Rayleigh wave propagation in thermoelastic medium with mass diffusion
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Gupta Vandana 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to study the propagation of Rayleigh waves in thermoelastic medium with mass diffusion.Design/methodology/approach– The field equations for the linear theory of homogeneous isotropic thermoelastic diffusion medium are taken into consideration by using dual-phase-lag heat transfer (DPLT) and dual-phase-lag diffusion (DPLD) models. Using the potential functions and harmonic wave solution, three coupled dilatational waves and a shear wave is obtained. After developing mathematical formulation, the dispersion equation is obtained, which results to be complex and irrational. This equation is converted into a polynomial form of higher degree.Findings– From the polynomial equation, Rayleigh wave root is found. The secular equation is resolved into a polynomial form to find the roots and therefore to find the existence and propagation of Rayleigh wave. The existence of Rayleigh wave in the assumed model depends on the values of various parameters involved in the secular equation. These roots are resolved for phase velocity and attenuation of the inhomogeneous propagation of Rayleigh wave. Behavior of particle motion of these waves inside and at the surface of the thermoelastic medium with mass diffusion is studied. Particular cases of the interest are also deduced from the present investigation.Originality/value– Governing equations corresponding to DPLT and DPLD models of thermoelastic diffusion are formulated to study the wave propagation and their dependence on various material parameters. In this paper effects of thermal and diffusion phase lags on the phase velocity, attenuation and on particle paths are observed and depicted graphically.
Some impressions on taking on the leadership of a therapeutic community
Authors: Bhurruth Martin K. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how psychoanalytic thinking can help therapeutic communities think about how the defence of psychic retreat can develop and take hold in the face of organisational transition and overwhelming loss.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper draws upon the paradigm of psychoanalysis and is a case study orientated by a participant/observer stance.

Findings
– This paper posits that unless loss is worked through then perverse clinical cultures can develop including bullying and denial of reality.

Originality/value
– This paper illustrates the unique selling point of therapeutic communities incorporating justice into the treatment frame. It also identifies that unless loss is emotionally worked through then it can become the ground soil in which perverse cultures can develop.
Survival advantage associated with multimodal therapy in women with node‐positive (stage‐IIIC) uterine papillary serous carcinoma: a National Cancer Database study
Authors: Lin JF , Muñiz K , Sukumvanich P , Gehrig P , Beriwal S , Kelley JL , Edwards RP , Olawaiye AB 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveUterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is an aggressive subtype of endometrial cancer. Adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) has become standard care in treatment of women with advanced‐stage UPSC, but the role of consolidative radiotherapy (RT) is unclear. This study aims to evaluate survival outcomes of multimodal therapy.DesignRetrospective cohort study using a National Cancer Database (NCDB).SettingUnited States of America.SampleA total of 1816 women diagnosed with UPSC.MethodsAll women diagnosed with surgically staged FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage‐IIIC UPSC were identified in the NCDB from January 1998 to December 2010. Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify and control for prognostic factors.Main outcome measureOverall survival.ResultsA total of 398 057 cases of uterine cancer were identified, 22 106 of which were UPSC. Of these women, 14 093 underwent lymph‐node examination, 2902 (20.6%) were found to have stage‐IIIC disease, and 1816 received chemotherapy. Younger age and higher number of total lymph nodes examined were independently predictive of receiving multimodality (CT + RT) therapy, compared with CT only. Median OS was 33.6 and 42.6 months, for the CT and CT + RT groups, respectively (P < 0.0005). Exploratory univariate analyses found age, comorbidity index, tumour size, and number of dissected and positive lymph nodes to be also associated with survival. Multivariable analysis controlling for the above found the use of consolidative radiotherapy to be independently predictive of improved OS, with a hazard ratio of 0.69 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI 0.56–0.84).ConclusionsPatients with stage‐IIIC UPSC may benefit from multimodal treatment that includes adjuvant radiotherapy in addition to chemotherapy.Tweetable abstractIn this study of 1816 women with uterine papillary serous cancer, adjuvant radiotherapy increased survival.
Characterization of the voltage‐gated sodium channel of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri
Authors: Liu Bin , Coy Monique R. , Wang Jin‐Jun , Stelinski Lukasz L. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is an important insect pest of citrus. It is the vector of ‘Candidatus’ Liberibacter asiaticus, a phloem‐limited bacterium that infects citrus, resulting in the disease Huanglongbing (HLB). Disease management relies heavily on suppression of D. citri populations with insecticides, including pyrethroids. In recent annual surveys to monitor insecticide resistance, reduced susceptibility to fenpropathrin was identified in several field populations of D. citri. The primary target of pyrethroids is the voltage‐gated sodium channel (VGSC). The VGSC is prone to target‐site insensitivity because of mutations that either reduce pyrethroid binding and/or alter gating kinetics. These mutations, known as knockdown resistance or kdr, have been reported in a wide diversity of arthropod species. Alternative splicing, in combination with kdr mutations, has been also associated with reduced pyrethroid efficacy. Here we report the molecular characterization of the VGSC in D. citri along with a survey of alternative splicing across developmental stages of this species. Previous studies demonstrated that D. citri has an exquisite enzymatic arsenal to detoxify insecticides resulting in reduced efficacy. The results from the current investigation demonstrate that target‐site insensitivity is also a potential basis for insecticide resistance to pyrethroids in D. citri. The VGSC sequence and its molecular characterization should facilitate early elucidation of the underlying cause of an established case of resistance to pyrethroids. This is the first characterization of a VGSC from a hemipteran to this level of detail, with the majority of the previous studies on dipterans and lepidopterans.
Adolescent Intermittent Alcohol Exposure: Dysregulation of Thrombospondins and Synapse Formation are Associated with Decreased Neuronal Density in the Adult Hippocampus
Authors: Risher Mary‐Louise , Sexton Hannah G. , Risher W. Christopher , Wilson Wilkie A. , Fleming Rebekah L. , Madison Roger D. , Moore Scott D. , Eroglu Cagla , Swartzwelder H. Scott 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundAdolescent intermittent alcohol exposure (AIE) has profound effects on neuronal function. We have previously shown that AIE causes aberrant hippocampal structure and function that persists into adulthood. However, the possible contributions of astrocytes and their signaling factors remain largely unexplored. We investigated the acute and enduring effects of AIE on astrocytic reactivity and signaling on synaptic expression in the hippocampus, including the impact of the thrombospondin (TSP) family of astrocyte‐secreted synaptogenic factors and their neuronal receptor, alpha2delta‐1 (α2δ‐1). Our hypothesis is that some of the influences of AIE on neuronal function may be secondary to direct effects on astrocytes.MethodsWe conducted Western blot analysis on TSPs 1 to 4 and α2δ‐1 from whole hippocampal lysates 24 hours after the 4th and 10th doses of AIE, then 24 days after the last dose (in adulthood). We used immunohistochemistry to assess astrocyte reactivity (i.e., morphology) and synaptogenesis (i.e., colocalization of pre‐ and postsynaptic puncta).ResultsAdolescent AIE reduced α2δ‐1 expression, and colocalized pre‐ and postsynaptic puncta after the fourth ethanol (EtOH) dose. By the 10th dose, increased TSP2 levels were accompanied by an increase in colocalized pre‐ and postsynaptic puncta, while α2δ‐1 returned to control levels. Twenty‐four days after the last EtOH dose (i.e., adulthood), TSP2, TSP4, and α2δ‐1 expression were all elevated. Astrocyte reactivity, indicated by increased astrocytic volume and area, was also observed at that time.ConclusionsRepeated EtOH exposure during adolescence results in long‐term changes in specific astrocyte signaling proteins and their neuronal synaptogenic receptor. Continued signaling by these traditionally developmental factors in adulthood may represent a compensatory mechanism whereby astrocytes reopen the synaptogenic window and repair lost connectivity, and consequently contribute to the enduring maladaptive structural and functional abnormalities previously observed in the hippocampus after AIE.
High‐density interspecific genetic linkage mapping provides insights into genomic incompatibility between channel catfish and blue catfish
Authors: Liu S. , Li Y. , Qin Z. , Geng X. , Bao L. , Kaltenboeck L. , Kucuktas H. , Dunham R. , Liu Z. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryCatfish is the leading aquaculture species in the United States. The interspecific hybrid catfish produced by mating female channel catfish with male blue catfish outperform both of their parent species in a number of traits. However, mass production of the hybrids has been difficult because of reproductive isolation. Investigations of genome structure and organization of the hybrids provide insights into the genetic basis for maintenance of species divergence in the face of gene flow, thereby helping develop strategies for introgression and efficient production of the hybrids for aquaculture. In this study, we constructed a high‐density genetic linkage map using the hybrid catfish system with the catfish 250K SNP array. A total of 26 238 SNPs were mapped to 29 linkage groups, with 12 776 unique marker positions. The linkage map spans approximately 3240 cM with an average intermarker distance of 0.25 cM. A fraction of markers (986 of 12 776) exhibited significant deviation from the expected Mendelian ratio of segregation, and they were clustered in major genomic blocks across 15 LGs, most notably LG9 and LG15. The distorted markers exhibited significant bias for maternal alleles among the backcross progenies, suggesting strong selection against the blue catfish alleles. The clustering of distorted markers within genomic blocks should lend insights into speciation as marked by incompatibilities between the two species. Such findings should also have profound implications for understanding the genomic evolution of closely related species as well as the introgression of hybrid production programs in aquaculture.
Flow dynamics, sedimentation and erosion of glacial lake outburst floods along the Middle Pleistocene Scandinavian Ice Sheet (northern central Europe)
Authors: Winsemann Jutta , Alho Petteri , Laamanen Leena , Goseberg Nils , Lang Jörg , Klostermann Josef 
Published: November 2015

During the Middle Pleistocene late Saalian glaciation of northern central Europe numerous pro‐glacial lakes formed along the southwestern margin of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet. Little is known about the drainage history of these lakes, the pathways of glacial lake outburst floods and their impacts on erosion, sedimentation and landscape evolution. This study investigated the impact of the late Saalian Weser and Münsterland Lake (Germany) outburst floods. In particular, we reconstructed the routing and flow dynamics of the lake outburst flood and analysed the flood related sediments. We employed one‐dimensional hydraulic modelling to calculate glacial lake outburst flood hydrographs. We modelled the flow pathway and local flow conditions along the pathway based on the boundary conditions of two different hydrographs and two different ice‐margin positions. The modelling results were compared with geomorphological and sedimentological field data in order to estimate the magnitude and impact of the flood on erosion and sedimentation. Two major lake drainage events are reconstructed for the study area, during which approximately 90–50 km3 of water was released. Modelling results indicate that the lake outburst floods created a high‐energy flood wave with a height of 35–50 m in confined valley areas that rapidly spread out into the Lower Rhine Embayment eventually flowing into the North Sea basin. The sedimentary record of the outburst floods comprises poorly sorted coarse‐grained gravel bars, long‐wavelength bedforms and sandy bedforms deposited by supercritical and subcritical flows. Some parts of the sandy flood deposits are rich in reworked mammoth bones or mammoth and horse teeth, pointing to reworking of older fluvial sediments, hydraulic concentration and subsequent re‐sedimentation of vertebrate remains. These deposits are preserved in sheltered areas or at high elevations, well above the influence of postglacial fluvial erosion. The flood‐related erosional features include up to 80‐m‐deep scour pools, alluvial channels and streamlined hills.