bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Processing of Grinding Slurries Arising from NdFeB Magnet Production
Authors: Kruse Stephanie , Raulf Karoline , Trentmann Anna , Pretz Thomas , Friedrich Bernd 
Published: September 2015

AbstractNeodymium‐iron‐boron (NdFeB) grinding slurries are the residual output of grinding as shaping process step in the production process of sintered NdFeB magnets. The treatment of the grinding slurries with the aim of recovering rare earth elements may lead to a reduced demand in primary raw materials like the rare earth elements neodymium, praseodymium and dysprosium. In this study, the possibility of recycling the contained rare earth elements, which account for up to 30 wt % in the alloy, through a pyrometallurgical process was investigated. The necessity of a thermal conditioning prior to the pyrometallurgical process is described.
Application of irreversible thermodynamics to the solvent diffusion in an amorphous glassy polymer: A comprehensive model for drying of toluene‐poly(methyl methacrylate) coatings
Authors: Verros George D. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn this work a comprehensive framework for modelling solvent‐polymer mutual diffusion coefficient in the glassy state is proposed. This framework is based on irreversible thermodynamics. In particular, an appropriate transformation is used to show that case‐II diffusion appearing in the glassy state could be reduced to a close‐to‐equilibrium rubbery state where typical equations relating the solvent‐polymer mutual diffusion coefficient with chemical potential and the solvent self‐diffusion coefficient are available. Moreover, this theory is applied to solvent evaporation from a toluene‐poly(methyl methacrylate) film. The toluene evaporation process is modelled as a coupled heat and mass problem with a moving boundary. Model predictions were found to be in satisfactory agreement with available experimental data. It is believed that this work could be used to further study solvent diffusion in the glassy polymer state.
Free fall and controlled gravity drainage processes in fractured porous media: Laboratory and modelling investigation
Authors: Saedi Benyamin , Ayatollahi Shahab , Masihi Mohsen 
Published: September 2015

AbstractGravity drainage is known to be one of the most effective methods for oil recovery in fractured reservoirs. In this study, both free fall and controlled gravity drainage processes were studied using a transparent fractured experimental model, followed by modelling using commercial CFD software. The governing equations were employed based on the Darcy and mass conservation laws and partial pressure formulation. Comprehensive examination was done on variables such as fluid saturation, velocity, and pressure distribution in the matrix and fracture, as well as fluid front level and production rate. Additionally, effects of the model parameters on the gravity drainage performance were investigated. The experimental results confirmed a higher oil recovery factor at breakthrough for lower production rates in the controlled gravity drainage. Satisfactory agreement was observed between the experimental data and modelling results.
Ag on Pt(111): Changes in Electronic and CO Adsorption Properties upon PtAg/Pt(111) Monolayer Surface Alloy Formation
Authors: Diemant Thomas , Schüttler Konstantin M. , Behm R. Jürgen 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by T. Diemant, K. M. Schüttler, and R. J. Behm, Ulm University, Germany. Using the example of CO desorption, the image illustrates the changes of the electronic and chemical properties of a bimetallic PtAg surface when going from a Ag film/Pt(111) to a PtAg/Pt(111) surface alloy. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cphc.201500528
Investigation of DOTA–Metal Chelation Effects on the Chemical Shift of 129Xe
Authors: Jeong Keunhong , Slack Clancy C. , Vassiliou Christophoros C. , Dao Phuong , Gomes Muller D. , Kennedy Daniel J. , Truxal Ashley E. , Sperling Lindsay J. , Francis Matthew B. , Wemmer David E. , Pines Alexander 
Published: September 2015

AbstractRecent work has shown that xenon chemical shifts in cryptophane‐cage sensors are affected when tethered chelators bind to metals. Here, we explore the xenon shifts in response to a wide range of metal ions binding to diastereomeric forms of 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7,10‐tetraacetic acid (DOTA) linked to cryptophane‐A. The shifts induced by the binding of Ca2+, Cu2+, Ce3+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cr2+, Fe3+, and Hg2+ are distinct. In addition, the different responses of the diastereomers for the same metal ion indicate that shifts are affected by partial folding with a correlation between the expected coordination number of the metal in the DOTA complex and the chemical shift of 129Xe. These sensors may be used to detect and quantify many important metal ions, and a better understanding of the basis for the induced shifts could enhance future designs.
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrolyzers Utilizing Non‐precious Mo‐based Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts
Authors: Ng Jia Wei Desmond , Hellstern Thomas R. , Kibsgaard Jakob , Hinckley Allison C. , Benck Jesse D. , Jaramillo Thomas F. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe development of low‐cost hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts that can be readily integrated into electrolyzers is critical if H2 from renewable electricity‐powered electrolysis is to compete cost effectively with steam reforming. Herein, we report three distinct earth‐abundant Mo‐based catalysts, namely those based on MoSx, [Mo3S13]2− nanoclusters, and sulfur‐doped Mo phosphide (MoP|S), loaded onto carbon supports. The catalysts were synthesized through facile impregnation–sulfidization routes specifically designed for catalyst‐device compatibility. Fundamental electrochemical studies demonstrate the excellent HER activity and stability of the Mo‐sulfide based catalysts in an acidic environment, and the resulting polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzers that integrate these catalysts exhibit high efficiency and durability. This work is an important step towards the goal of replacing Pt with earth‐abundant catalysts for the HER in commercial PEM electrolyzers.
Antimony Doping in Solution‐processed Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 Solar Cells
Authors: Tai Kong Fai , Fu Dongchuan , Chiam Sing Yang , Huan Cheng Hon Alfred , Batabyal Sudip Kumar , Wong Lydia Helena 
Published: September 2015

AbstractKesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) is obtained using a facile precursor‐solution method followed by selenization. Power‐conversion efficiency of 6.0 % is achieved and further improved to 8.2 % after doping the absorber with 0.5 mol % Sb. XRD and Raman spectroscopy show similar characteristics for the undoped and doped CZTSSe. Increasing the Sb concentration increases the grain size and lowers the series resistance. However, further Sb doping beyond 0.5 mol % degrades device performance due to lower open‐circuit voltage (and therefore lower fill factor). The effect of Sb doping and the doping concentration are investigated by power‐dependent and temperature‐dependent photoluminescence studies, revealing that trap density is significant reduced with 0.5 mol % Sb doping. Additional doping beyond 0.5 mol % creates more defects that quench the photoexcited carriers and decrease the open‐circuit voltage.
Double‐frequency buck converter as a candidate topology for integrated envelope elimination and restoration applications in power supply of RFPAs
Authors: Saberkari Alireza , Shirmohammadli Vahideh , Martinez Herminio , Alarcón Eduard 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThis paper proposes the use of double‐frequency (DF) buck converter architecture consisting of a merged structure of high and low frequency buck cells as a candidate topology for envelope elimination and restoration (EER) applications and integrated power supply of RF power amplifiers (RFPA) to obtain favorable tradeoffs in terms of efficiency, switching ripple, bandwidth, and tracking capability. It is shown that having two degrees of freedom in designing the DF buck helps to achieve high efficiency, low output ripples, and tracking capability with low ripples, simultaneously. A comparison analysis is done with regards to the mentioned performance indexes with the standard and three‐level buck converters; in addition, the results are validated in HSPICE in BSIM3V3 0.35‐µm CMOS process. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Family stress moderates relations between physiological and behavioral synchrony and child self‐regulation in mother–preschooler dyads
Authors: Suveg Cynthia , Shaffer Anne , Davis Molly 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTFrom a bio‐behavioral framework, the relations between physiological synchrony, positive behavioral synchrony, and child self‐regulation under varying levels of risk were examined among 93 mother‐ (M age = 30.44 years, SD = 5.98 years) preschooler (M age = 3.47 years, SD =.52 years, 58.70% male) dyads. Physiological synchrony was examined using interbeat interval (IBI) data and measures of positive behavioral synchrony and self‐regulation were based on observations of a mother–child interaction task. Results supported the phenomenon of physiological synchrony among mother–preschooler dyads during an interaction, but not a baseline, task. Moderation analyses indicated that under conditions of high family risk, positive behavioral synchrony and child self‐regulation were greater when physiological synchrony was low. Positive behavioral synchrony was positively associated with child self‐regulation, regardless of risk status. The results document physiological synchrony among mothers and their preschool‐aged children and the complex ways that physiological attunement relates to important developmental processes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58:83–97, 2016.
Positive correlation of plasma PCSK9 levels with HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yang Sheng‐Hua , Li Sha , Zhang Yan , Xu Rui‐Xia , Guo Yuan‐Lin , Zhu Cheng‐Gang , Wu Na‐Qiong , Cui Chuan‐Jue , Sun Jing , Li Jian‐Jun 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been demonstrated to be involved in not only lipid metabolism but also glucose homeostasis. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is a ‘gold standard’ for monitoring long‐term glycaemic control. However, the correlation of plasma PCSK9 levels with HbA1c remains undetermined.MethodsWe consecutively enrolled 805 subjects undergoing coronary angiography, including 176 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 629 non‐diabetic patients. The baseline characteristics were collected, and serum PCSK9 level was assessed by ELISA. Univariable regression analysis and multiple‐variable regression analysis were used to examine the associations of PCSK9 with HbA1c. Furthermore, the HbA1c was compared across the tertiles of PCSK9 levels. And also, PCSK9 levels were compared in poorly controlled (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%) and well‐controlled (HbA1c < 7.0%) patients with T2DM.ResultsPCSK9 levels were positively correlated with low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in both T2DM and non‐T2DM. Univariable regression analysis revealed a positive association between PCSK9 and HbA1c in patients with T2DM (β = 0.255, p = 0.001) but not in patients without diabetes (β = 0.061, p = 0.128). Multiple‐variable regression analysis exhibited that PCSK9 was independently correlated with HbA1c in T2DM after adjustment for traditional atherosclerotic risk factors (β = 0.197, p = 0.020). Moreover, HbA1c level was higher in patients with the highest tertile of PCSK9 than that in the lowest tertile (p = 0.042). Additionally, higher levels of PCSK9 were found in poorly controlled group compared with the well‐controlled group (p = 0.029).ConclusionsData suggest a positive correlation of PCSK9 levels with HbA1c in patients with T2DM but not in patients without T2DM, indicating a potential role of PCSK9 in T2DM. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Essential phospholipids prevent islet damage induced by proinflammatory cytokines and hypoxic conditions
Authors: Shahbazov Rauf , Kanak Mazhar A. , Takita Morihito , Kunnathodi Faisal , Khan Omar , Borenstein Nofit , Lawrence Michael C. , Levy Marlon F. , Naziruddin Bashoo 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe pancreatic islet damage that occurs through an inflammatory response and hypoxia after infusion is a major hurdle in islet transplantation. Because essential phospholipids (EPL) have been shown to exhibit anti‐inflammatory properties in liver disease, we analysed their protective effect on islets in inflammatory or hypoxic conditions.MethodsWe evaluated the viability of mouse and human islets cultured with cytokines or in hypoxic conditions for 48 h and measured cytokine expression in islets by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We then employed an in vivo mouse assay, transplanting a marginal dose of human islets treated with or without EPL into the subcapsule of the kidney in diabetic nude mice and determining the cure rate.ResultsThe viability of mouse and human islets damaged by cytokines was significantly improved by supplementation of EPL in the culture (p = 0.003 and <0.001 for mouse and human islets respectively). EPL significantly inhibited intracellular expression of IL‐1β and IL‐6 in cytokine‐damaged human islets (p < 0.001). The viability of human islets in hypoxic conditions was significantly better when treated with EPL (p < 0.001). In the in vivo mouse assay, the EPL‐treated islet group had a higher cure rate than the untreated control, with marginal statistical significance (75 and 17% respectively, p = 0.07).ConclusionsEPL could be a potent agent to protect islets from inflammatory and hypoxic conditions after isolation procedures. Further studies to clarify the effect of EPL in islet transplantation are warranted. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1,1‐Carboboration through Activation of Silicon–Carbon and Tin–Carbon Bonds
Authors: Wrackmeyer Bernd , Khan Ezzat 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn the course of 1,1‐carboborations, the activation of polar Si–C and Sn–C bonds by electrophilic triorganoboranes (BR3, R = alkyl, aryl, C6F5) is used to build new C–C bonds. As would be expected, organotin compounds were found to be much more reactive than the corresponding silanes, and Sn–C(sp) bonds were more reactive than other tin–carbon bonds. Monoalkynyl derivatives lead to organometallic‐substituted alkenes, quantitatively and stereoselectively in most cases. Dialkynylsilanes R22Si(C≡C–R1)2(R1= alkyl, aryl, silyl; R2= H, alkyl, allyl, vinyl, aryl, Cl) react with BR3by twofold 1,1‐carboboration through selective formation of siloles. In the case of dialkynylstannanes R22Sn(C≡C–R1)2, (R1= alkyl, aryl, silyl; R2= alkyl, benzyl, aryl, amino) the analogous reactions lead mainly to stannoles or alternatively to 1‐stanna‐4‐bora‐cyclohexa‐2,5‐diene derivatives, in a way that depends in a complex manner on the substituents R at boron and R1at the C≡C bond. Vinyltin compounds and triorganoboranes also react by 1,1‐carboboration. The high reactivity of the Sn–C(sp) bonds allows the reactions to be conducted under mild conditions, enabling the isolation and structural characterisation of intermediates. These are of a zwitterionic structure, in which typically an almost trigonal‐planar surrounded tin atom is coordinated "side‐on" to the C≡C bond of an alknylborate unit. On extending these reaction principles to tetraalkynylsilanes Si(C≡C–R1)4, one obtains 1,1′‐spirobisiloles through fourfold 1,1‐carboboration. Similarly, 1,1′‐spirobistannoles can be prepared by starting from tetraalkynylstannanes Sn(C≡C–R1)4(R1=iPr,tBu, SiMe3). Combination of 1,2‐hydroboration and 1,1‐carboboration opens the way to numerous silicon heterocycles, not readily available by any other method.
3‐(Pyridin‐2‐yl)imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine (Pyridylindolizine) as Ligand in Complexes of Transition and Main‐Group Metals
Authors: Álvarez Celedonio M. , Álvarez‐Miguel Lucía , García‐Rodríguez Raúl , Martín‐Álvarez Jose M. , Miguel Daniel 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe coordination of the easily prepared 3‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine (pyridylindolizine, Py‐indz) ligand to several metal moieties was studied, and its electronic properties, similar to those of the classical ligands 2,2′‐bipyridine (bipy) and 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen), are reported. The new complexes were prepared and fully characterized by X‐ray crystallography and other typical spectroscopic methods if possible. Paramagnetic complexes [Ni(S2X)2(Py‐indz)] X = P(OEt)2 (1), COEt (2); [Ni(acac)2(Py‐indz)] (3, acac = acetylacetonate); [Ni(Py‐indz)3](PF6)2 (4); [Mn2Cl4(Py‐indz)2] (6); and [MnCl2(Py‐indz)2] (7) have the magnetic moment expected for a metallic cation with two or five unpaired electrons. Diamagnetic complexes show NMR spectra with similar patterns with small differences depending on the complex. [M{S2P(OEt)2}2 (Py‐indz)] M = Zn (8), Cd (9) have pentacoordinate and hexacoordinate structures, respectively. Octahedral tin complexes [SnL4(Py‐indz)] L4 = I4 (10), Cl3Ph (11), and Cl2nBu2 (12) have different behaviors in solution; whereas complex 10 is practically insoluble, complex 11 displays the expected pattern in its NMR spectrum, and complex 12 shows dynamic behavior. The Py‐indz ligand is also able to stabilize copper(I) and forms [Cu(PPh3)2(Py‐indz)]BF4 (13). The synthesis of the carbonyl complexes [MBr(CO)3(Py‐indz)] M = Mn (14), Re (15) and [Mo(CO)4(Py‐indz)] (16) was followed by IR spectroscopy in solution. [RuCl·p‐cym(Py‐indz)]PF6 (17, p‐cym = p‐cymene) has the familiar half‐sandwich “three‐legged piano‐stool” geometry.
Minimal‐disturbance seismic rehabilitation of steel moment‐resisting frames using light‐weight steel elements
Authors: Kurata Masahiro , Sato Miho , Zhang Lei , Lavan Oren , Becker Tracy , Nakashima Masayoshi 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThis paper presents a rehabilitation technique developed under a design and construction scheme, termed minimal‐disturbance seismic rehabilitation. This scheme pursues enhancing the seismic performance of buildings with the intention of improving the continuity of business while minimizing obstruction of the visual and physical space of building users and the use of heavy construction equipment and hot work (welding/cutting). The developed rehabilitation technique consists of light‐weight steel elements and aims to decrease demands to beam‐ends of steel moment‐resisting frames. The behavior of the baseline model was verified through numerical analysis and proof‐of‐concept testing. Furthermore, the effectiveness of rehabilitation is studied through retrofitting a four‐story steel moment‐resisting frame originally designed with Japanese design guidelines. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychological and Personality Predictors of Weight Loss and Comorbid Metabolic Changes After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Agüera Zaida , García‐Ruiz‐de‐Gordejuela Amador , Vilarrasa Nuria , Sanchez Isabel , Baño Marta , Camacho Lucía , Granero Roser , Jiménez‐Murcia Susana , Virgili Nuria , Lopez‐Urdiales Rafael , de Bernabe Mónica Montserrat‐Gil , Garrido Pilar , Monasterio Carmen , Steward Trevor , Pujol‐Gebelli Jordi , Fernández‐Aranda Fernando , Menchón Jose M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBariatric surgery (BS) has proven to be the most effective treatment for weight loss and for improving comorbidities in severe obesity. A comprehensive psychological assessment prior to surgery is proposed to prepare patients for a successful post‐surgical outcome. Therefore, the main aim of the present study was to assess psychological and personality predictors of BS outcome. The sample comprised 139 severely obese patients who underwent BS. Assessment measures included the Eating Disorders Inventory‐2, the Symptom Checklist‐Revised and the Temperament and Character Inventory‐Revised. Our results show that favourable BS outcome, after 2 years follow up, was associated with younger age, less depression, moderate anxiety symptoms and high cooperativeness levels. Likewise, metabolic improvements were found to be linked to younger age and certain psychopathological factors. In conclusion, our findings suggest that age, baseline body mass index, psychopathological indexes and personality traits predict successful BS outcome. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
The effect of bioturbation by Lumbriculus variegatus on transport and distribution of lead in a freshwater microcosm
Authors: Blankson Emmanuel R. , Klerks Paul L. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

The present study investigated the effect of bioturbation by the oligochaete worm Lumbriculus variegatus on the transport and environmental distribution of lead (Pb). Experiments used L. variegatus at densities of 0 ind./m2, 2093 ind./m2, and 8372 ind./m2, in freshwater microcosms with Pb-spiked sediment. At the end of the 14-d experiment, Pb levels in the water column, tissues of L. variegatus, and sediment were determined, and bioturbation was quantified using luminophores. The bioturbation by L. variegatus increased Pb transport from the sediment to the water column. However, it did not significantly affect Pb bioaccumulation by L. variegatus or Pb levels in the sediment. The biodiffusion coefficient (Db) was positively related to worm density, but did not differ between Pb-spiked sediment and uncontaminated sediment. The latter finding suggests that Pb at the 100 μg/g concentration used in the present study did not affect L. variegatus bioturbation. The present study shows that bioturbation can enhance Pb transfer across the sediment–water interface and thus enhance Pb availability to organisms in the water column. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1123–1129. © 2015 SETAC
Maillard reaction products and potatoes: have the benefits been clearly assessed?
Authors: Liska DeAnn J. , Cook Chad M. , Wang Ding Ding , Szpylka John 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCooking foods affords numerous food safety benefits. During heating, Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are formed.MRPs contribute sensory aspects to food, including color, taste, and texture. OneMRP, acrylamide, has been implicated in negative health outcomes; however, emerging data suggestsMRPs may also deliver certain health benefits. The food industry has taken steps to decrease acrylamide formation, but the perception that high levels of acrylamide compromise the nutritional benefit of certain foods has continued. Potatoes are susceptible toMRPformation during cooking but also are considered an affordable, high nutrient content food. In particular, potatoes contribute significantly to fiber and potassium intakes in the U.S. population, two nutrients of need. How, then, should potatoes be judged for effects on health? A structured evidence assessment was conducted to identify literature, specifically clinical trials, onMRPs from potatoes and health, as well as nutritional contribution of potatoes. The results indicate limited human clinical data are available on negative health outcomes of potato‐basedMRPs, whereas potatoes are important contributors of key nutrients, such as fiber and potassium. Therefore, a balanced benefit‐risk approach is warranted in order to assure that decreasing consumption of certain foods, like potatoes, does not lead to unintended consequences of nutrition inadequacies.