bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1088 – ECT And Information Processing In Patients With Treatment-resistant Psychiatric Disorders Assessed By Event-related Potential p300
Authors: Dapsys K. , Šiurkutė A. , Kaukėnas R. , Mačiulis V. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe study of non-memory cognitive functions after ECT has been relatively neglected. Event-related potentials (ERP) are thought to reflect some cognitive processes. ERP P300 is a sensitive indicator of disturbances of attentional and working memory processes.ObjectivesAim of this study was to examine the effect of course of ECT on auditory ERP P300.MethodsP300 potential was recorded in 22 patients. 12 patients had schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 10 patients had various mood disorders. Mean age of patients was 40±13 years (from 22 to 72 years). ERPs were recorded before the first ECT procedure and after the last ECT. Recordings were made at Fz, Cz and Pz electrode sites. Peak-to-peak (N2-P3) amplitude and latency of P300 wave were analyzed. Correlation between P300 parameters, clinical symptoms (measured using PANSS, MADRS, HAM-D scales) and parameters of ECT procedure - delivered energy, seizure energy index (SEI) and duration of seizure - was evaluated.ResultsAfter ECT clinical symptoms have improved. There was also a statistically significant increase in P300 amplitude. Increase was greater in the 20-39 years old patient group. Decrease in P300 latency was insignificant. Correlation between P300 latency and SEI, and between P300 amplitude and delivered energy was more reliable in the mood disorders group. According to HAM-D the improvement of depression symptoms correlates with the decreased latency and increased amplitude of the P300 potential.ConclusionsECT may improve information processing in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia spectrum disorders and mood disorders as assessed by event-related potential P300.
1095 – The Impact Of Immigration Detention On The Mental Health Of Torture Survivors: a Systematic Review
Authors: Storm T. , Engberg M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionStudies point to an adverse effect of detention on the mental health of asylum seekers, yet the use of detention has been rising in several recipient countries. In general, many asylum seekers suffer from psychological disorders and symptoms, and a large percentage has been subjected to torture. The UNHCR recommends that torture survivors generally should not be detained. Due to a lack of systematic screening it is often unknown whether the asylum seeker is a torture survivor. This causes several hindrances for the protection of this vulnerable group from potentially harmful factors such as deprivation of liberty.ObjectivesTo examine the impact of detention on the mental health of adult torture survivors.AimsTo produce a comprehensive review of the literature and bring attention to a potentially harmful praxis.MethodsThe systematic review follows the PRISMA guidelines. The search was made in PubMed (Medline), PsychINFO, PILOTS and IBSS. A screening of reference lists identified additional studies. The search was broadened to ‘asylum seekers’ as very few studies were found on torture survivors specifically.ResultsPresently (Oct. 2012) the review is in the stage of analyzing, thus results are preliminary. Currently the identified studies amount to 26. All studies report mental health problems among the asylum seekers and some identify detention itself as a contributing factor to these problems.ConclusionsDetention does pose a risk factor in regard to deteriorating the mental health of asylum seekers. Although torture survivors might be an especially vulnerable group, research is almost non-existent.
1098 – Completed Suicide During The Time Of Economic Crisis: Recent Data And Future Prevention
Authors: Pompili M. , Vichi M. , Girardi P. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundTo report recent official data of completed suicide in Italy during the time of economic crisis as related to gender and age.MethodsData for the years between 2006-2007 and 2008-2009 were extracted from the Italian Mortality Database to include all deaths by suicide and to obtain information on their age and gender.ResultsIn the last period for which official data are available (2008–2009), there was a ten percent increase in suicide deaths among men 25 to 69 years of age suggesting that suicide rates are on the increase for those involved in the labor force. We also found a decrease in suicides among those aged above 70 years pointing to a lesser impact of the economic crisis on suicide among the elderly who retired from their work.ConclusionsAccording to this findings there was an increase in suicide rates among Italian men which is suggestive of a possible contributing role of the economic crisis on such trend.
1101 – Preserved Strategic Regulation Of Grain Size In Memory Reporting In Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Bacon E. , Akdogan E. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionCurrent findings place cognitive and introspection disturbances at the very heart of schizophrenia. In real life, a person is usually free to choose which aspects of an event to relate, how much detail to volunteer, and what degree of confidence to impart. The decision will depend on a variety of situational and personal goals.ObjectivesTo explore whether patients with schizophrenia are able to achieve a compromise between accuracy and informativeness when reporting information from memory, and pave the way for metamemory-based cognitive remediation.Methods25 Patients and their healthy matched controls answered general knowledge questions whose answers are numerical first freely, and second through a metamemory-based control. In the second step participants gave their answers with respect to two predefined intervals, one narrow and one large, then made a confidence level judgment for both answers, and had afterwards to select one of the two answers.ResultsPatients were less accurate than healthy participants when reporting information at a self-paced level of precision. However, they benefited remarkably firstly from the framing of the responding, and secondly from the metamemory processes of monitoring and control to improve their memory reporting and to equate healthy subjects' accuracy.ConclusionIn spite of their memory deficit in the free report, following accurate monitoring, patients strategically regulated the grain size of their memory reporting and proved to be able to manage the competing goals of accuracy and informativeness. These results lead to some optimism regarding the patients' possible adaptation to everyday life situations.
1104 – The Dopamine β-hydroxylase c-1021t Polymorphism In Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Fehér Á. , Juhász A. , Gálfi M. , Pákáski M. , Kálmán J. , Janka Z. 
Published: July 2013

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a genetically complex neurodegenerative disorder. Degeneration of the locus coeruleus and decreased cortical levels of noradrenaline (NA) were detected in AD. Dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) catalyses the conversion of dopamine to NA, and DBH activity were reduced in post-mortem hippocampus and neocortex in AD. The aim of our study was to examine the possible role of the DBH C-1021T polymorphism (rs1611115) and its synergistic effect with the APOE E4 allele in the development of AD.DNA sample was collected from 246 Hungarian AD probands and from 202 elderly, cognitively intact, ethnically matched controls. The clinical diagnosis of AD fulfilled the criteria for NINCDS-ADRDA. The genetic analyses were performed by PCR-RFLP.The DBH C/C genotype occurred more frequently in the AD as compared to the HC group, however, the difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.086). Given the relatively low occurrence of the T/T genotype, the statistical analysis was also performed by the presence or absence of the T allele. The C/C genotype carriers had a slightly significantly increased risk for AD (OR=1.547, 95%CI: 1.027-2.329, p=0.037) considering the T allele carriers as reference category. Logistic regression analysis revealed no interaction between the DBH and APOE polymorphisms (p=0.392).Our results suggest that the C/C genotype of the DBH rs1611115 polymorphism may confer risk for developing AD. We failed to detect an epistasis between the DBH and the APOE polymorphisms in the development of AD. This work was supported by a grant from TÁMOP-4.2.2A-11/1/KONV-2012-0052.
1105 – Long-term Efficacy Of Nalmefene As-needed In Alcohol Dependent Patients With High Drinking Risk Levels: Results Of a Subgroup Analysis
Authors: van den Brink W. , Sørensen P. , Torup L. , Mann K. , Gual A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionWe describe the efficacy and safety of as-needed use of nalmefene in the subgroup of patients with a high drinking risk level (DRL; men:>60g/day; women:>40g/day); i.e. a group of patients with a great unmet medical need for treatment.ObjectivesTo evaluate the 1 year efficacy and safety of as-needed use of nalmefene 18mg versus placebo in a subgroup of alcohol dependent patients with high DRL from a randomised controlled trial [NCT00811941].MethodsAll patients received a motivational and adherence-enhancing intervention (BRENDA) in combination with either nalmefene or placebo. Number of heavy drinking days (HDDs) and total alcohol consumption (TAC) were measured using the Timeline Follow-back method. Additionally, data on clinical improvement, liver function and safety were collected throughout the study.ResultsThe study population consisted of 187 patients: placebo N=42; nalmefene N=145 (mean age 46.2±11.9 years; 78% men; mean HDDs 19±6.3/month; mean TAC 101±45.0 g/day). Mean number of HDDs decreased to 7 days/month and mean TAC decreased to 33g/day at 1 year in the nalmefene group. At 1 year, there was a superior effect of nalmefene compared to placebo in reducing the number of HDDs (-3.6 [95% CI:-6.5;-0.7]; p=0.0164) and TAC -17.3 [-30.9;-3.8]; p=0.0129). Improvements in clinical status and in liver enzymes from baseline were larger in the nalmefene compared to the placebo group. Adverse events and adverse events leading to dropout were more common with nalmefene than placebo.ConclusionsAs-needed nalmefene was efficacious in reducing alcohol consumption in patients with high risk for alcoholrelated harm.
1111 – Assertiveness And Eating Disorders: The Efficacy Of a Cbt Group Training. Preliminary Findings
Authors: Bandini L. , Sighinolfi C. , Menchetti M. , Morri M. , De Ronchi D. , Atti A.R. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionLow assertiveness and difficulties in emotion's regulation can perpetuate symptoms and worsen the outcome in patients with eating disorders (ED).ObjectivesCognitive-behavioral-therapy (CBT) is the most effective treatment for bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorders (BED). Group training helps patients to cope with interpersonal difficulties.AimsTo examine the effects of a CBT-group-training on assertiveness, emotion's regulation and binge behaviors in patients with ED.MethodsScale for Interpersonal Behavior (Arrindell et al, 1984; Sanavio, 2002), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz et al, 2004; Sighinolfi et al, 2010), Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh (BITE) were administered at baseline and one and three months after a CBT-training to 20 patients with ED (BED, NES, BN, EDNOS) (90% women, age 25-69 years).ResultsPatients who took part in the training improves assertiveness and emotion's regulation.[SIB][DERS]ConclusionsCBT-group-training increases assertiveness, improves emotion's regulation, has little effects on binge behaviors severity.
1123 – Cognitive Impairment In Euthimic Bipolar Patients
Authors: Elce C. , Mazza C. , Ammendola S. , Melillo S. , Caputo F. , Galletta D. , Casiello M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionCognitive dysfunction is a core feature in the course of bipolar disorder (BD) and persists during the remission periods. Only few studies valueted separately patients with BDI and BDII.ObiectivesTo analyze the pattern of neurocognitive dysfunction between healthy controls and euthimic patients with BDI and BDII.Methods27 patients with BD (17 BDI patients and 10 BDII patients, according to DSM IV TR) and 20 controls underwent a neuropsychological battery. The inclusion criteria for the bipolar groups was an Hamilton Rating Scale For Depression's score ≤ 7. The neuropsychological battery consisted of:i)the Mini Mental State Examinationii)The Corsi and the verbal span, to assess the short term memory;iii)the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and the logical memory test, to assess the long term memory;iv)the progressive Raven Matrices, to assess the logical - abstractive capacityv)The frontal assessment battery and the phonetic verbal fluency, to assess the executive functionsvi)The continuos performance test to assess the selective attention.ResultsPatients affected by BDI performed significantly worse to controls when the short term spatial memory, the long term verbal memory, logical abstractive capacity, the executive functions and the selective attention were measured (p< 0,05). Patients affected by BDII performed significantly worse (p< 0,05) to controls when the long term verbal memory was measured.ConclusionsEuthimic Patients with BDI disorder seem to have a more severe cognitive profile respect of BDII patients.
1138 – Delirium
Authors: Soler Iborte A. , Galiano Rus S. , Muñoz Negro J.E. , Aznarte López J.I. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction“I watch death” it is an English mnemonic acronym for the myriad causes of Delirium. It characterizes for sudden onset, low consciousness, attention and cognition levels. Although its origin is because of different organic disorders, it is usually consulted to the mental health services because of its psychopatology. An early detection and the subjacent cause treatment are fundamental.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of those patients visiting the Emergency Services and/or hospitalized in San Agustín's Hospital of Linares and being subsequently diagnosed of delirium by the liaison psychiatry team during the year 2011. We studied the following variables: medical diagnostic, sex, age, comorbidity and psychopatology, A follow-up of the patients was also done.ResultsThe 5% of 299 liaison psychiatry consultations corresponded to patients with delirium. Traumatology and General Medicine generated the 72% of the consultations to liaison psychiatry team. All patients were male, 50% of them were under 40 and older than 60 years. They had several comorbid factors such as polytraumatism, post-surgery, previous brain damage, ischemic heart disease, HIV, etc. The most widely used drug treatment for mental symptoms was low-dose of haloperidol, according to clinical guides evidence. A 25% of patients died within two weeks after the consultation to liaison psychiatry team despite treatment of the subjacent cause.ConclusionsAs a result of our findings we coordinated a clinical session with others Hospital Departments to improve clinical care for these patients in order to improve the early diagnostic and intervention.
1142 – Object-affordance In Schizophrenia
Authors: Sevos J. , Grosselin A. , Pellet J. , Chesnoy G. , Gay A. , Billard S. , Brouillet D. , Massoubre C. 
Published: July 2013

Abnormalities of embodiment of the self and of self-object relations are recently described as a possible common component in schizophrenia. For these patients, the world can then appear as being deprived of practical meaning, which lays its foundation through sensory-motor experiences. Here, we investigate the hypothesis that schizophrenic patients could have a deficit in sensory-motor simulation. To investigate this question, we used two Stimulus Response Compatibility tasks, in schizophrenic and control subjects. When the stimuli and the responses share the same properties, it is well known that response times are shorter than when they do not (« SRC effect »). In experiment 1, we replicate a study from Tucker & Ellis (1998) in order to explore the hypothesis that schizophrenic patients could have a deficit in sensory-motor simulation during perception of graspable objects in contrast to healthy subjects (“Object-Affordance”). In experiment 2, we hypothesize that during a Simon task, the SRC effect would be efficient in both groups.Our results show that, in a schizophrenic group, the SRC effect appears only when stimuli and responses share a spatial localization but does not when they share motor characteristics.These results allow us to conclude that the visual asymmetry does not influence the implementation of the motor potentiation, as certain authors suggest in healthy subjects.Moreover, in schizophrenia, the sensory-motor simulation impairments could emerge from a lack of relation between the object and the subject's environment more than from a difficulty in orienting attention.
1143 – Clinical Characteristics And Cognitive Functions Of Late-onset Psychoses: a Case-control Study
Authors: El Ghonemy S. , Sadek H. , Bassim R. , Soltan M. , Elserafi D. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundMental disorders are not uncommon in late life. The emergence of psychotic symptoms for the first time in later life poses a diagnostic challenge for clinicians assessing and treating elderly persons with mental illness.ObjectivesTo determine the clinical characteristics and cognitive function impairments in elderly patients with late-onset psychosis compared with normal healthy control.Participants and methodsA cross-sectional case-control study; 50 patients with late-onset non-schizophrenic psychoses compared to 50 normal, healthy volunteers matched for age, sex, and social standard. The case group was interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Axis-I diagnosis (SCID-I), the control group was chosen on basis of assessment using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Both groups underwent a functional assessment of daily living using the following: (a) Activities of Daily Living scale (ADL), (b) Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), (c) Cambridge Mental Disorders of the Elderly Examination, section B (CAMCOG), and (d) the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) for cognitive assessment.ResultsNo significant differences between both groups in sociodemographic variables, family, and medical histories, except occupational status, in case group they had significantly more professional and skilled jobs. They also showed significantly higher rates of diseases of the gastrointestinal, renal, and central nervous system. Moreover, they showed very high significant cognitive decline, as well as functional impairment in daily living activities compared with their healthy counterparts.ConclusionPatients with late-onset psychoses show more severe cognitive and functional impairments in their daily activities.This paves the way for future studies.
1148 – Recent Advances In Hoarding Disorder: The Emerging Of a New Nosologic Entity
Authors: Brenha M.M. , Canha J. , Encarnação R. , Paz C. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe concept of hoarding is a matter of study and debate since several years and has been trough various changes concerning its definition and categorization, namely in what concerns the differentiation from “normal” collecting behaviour and the association with other mental disorders as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.ObjectivesThis comunication reviews the evolution of the concept of hoarding and its implications in the assessment, management and treatment of the patients.AimsThe authors pretend to highlight the nosological path traced by the scientific research until today and present the state of the art in this field.MethodsThe authors selected articles referring to hoarding disorder in PUBMED and SCIENCEDIRECT databases and made a literature's review about the theme.ResultsLatter findings have identifyed clinical, neurobiological and treatment features in hoarding individuals that seem to be specific and that suggest the conceptualization of a standalone condition that presents independently from other disorders. The recent proposal of a Hoarding Disorder for the new DSM-V advances with some criteria in order to categorize this entity and establish its diagnostc boundaries.ConclusionsThe emerging of a new nosologic entity constitutes a change of perspective in the understanding of this condition that has implications at various levels, such as the aproach to the patient, his management and treatment.
1165 – Hidden Siallorrhea For 11 Years - a Case Report
Authors: Yazici E. , Yazici A.B. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectivePatients with chronic schizophrenia receive medications for long terms. Sialorrhea is a common and usually manageable side effect of clozapine occurring 31–54% of patients receiving clozapine therapy. It usually occurs in the early course of treatment and is more prominent at night. This is a case report about a patient suffering from schizophrenia for 15 years and receiving clozapine for the last 11 years.MethodsThe patient has been receiving clozapine for 11 years and had sialorrhea during all this time. He had been hospitalized once at the beginning of schizophrenia and the latter follow up continued with outpatient clinic controls. During this period he has never talked about sialorrhea, he ‘shamed about talking about it’so he never received any treatment for it. He reports that doctors asked about ‘side effects of the medication but not about sialorrhea’.ResultsHe mentioned about sialorrhea when he learned that it is a common side effect of clozapine and he reported it when existence of sialorrhea was asked as a special question in a rehabilitation program for schizophrenia.ConclusionThis case is important to show the insufficient motivation of health professionals to talk the side effects of medications name by name with the patients so a distributive side effect as siallorrhea may elude observation for years. Using screening scales for common adverse effects in routine examinations may provide a beneficial approach.
1172 – Co-occurring Personality Disorders And The Use Of Psychiatric Care
Authors: Kasprzak M. , Kiejna A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionGrowing number of research concern high prevalence of specific personality disorders among psychiatric patients and influence they have on course or treatment process of co-occurring mental disorders. Moreover personality disordered patients can derive not enough benefits from psychiatric care.ObjectivesIssue being presented is part of doctoral thesis, financed by the Polish National Science Center (decision number DEC-2011/01/N/NZ5/05364). General goal of the research is to observe patients during their hospitalization in regard to compliance with therapeutic procedures from the perspective of co-occurrence of personality disorders. Existing results are not unambiguous, notably with general lack of them in Poland.AimsTo answer the question whether there are any differences (and what kind of?) in adherence to psychiatric treatment pertaining to personality and co-occurring personality disorders?MethodsThis is a prospective study. 120 patients from 3 psychiatric units have been assessed at the admission (mental state, demographic factors, prior history of treatment, personality) and at the end of hospitalization (adherence to current treatment - interviews with patients and psychiatrists). Among used methods are: Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II), Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire (EPQ- R) and self-prepared interviews (corresponding with defined indicators of variables studied). Among controlled variables are primary psychiatric diagnosis (although one of the exclusion criteria are: psychosis or mental retardation).ResultsData on relation between personality dimensions and disorders and patterns of psychiatric care use will be introduced and discussed.ConclusionsMore adequate treatment proceedings may be needed.