bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LDlink: a web-based application for exploring population-specific haplotype structure and linking correlated alleles of possible functional variants
Authors: Machiela Mitchell J. , Chanock Stephen J. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Summary: Assessing linkage disequilibrium (LD) across ancestral populations is a powerful approach for investigating population-specific genetic structure as well as functionally mapping regions of disease susceptibility. Here, we present LDlink, a web-based collection of bioinformatic modules that query single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in population groups of interest to generate haplotype tables and interactive plots. Modules are designed with an emphasis on ease of use, query flexibility, and interactive visualization of results. Phase 3 haplotype data from the 1000 Genomes Project are referenced for calculating pairwise metrics of LD, searching for proxies in high LD, and enumerating all observed haplotypes. LDlink is tailored for investigators interested in mapping common and uncommon disease susceptibility loci by focusing on output linking correlated alleles and highlighting putative functional variants.
Availability and implementation: LDlink is a free and publically available web tool which can be accessed at http://analysistools.nci.nih.gov/LDlink/.
Contact: mitchell.machiela@nih.gov
Oxaliplatin regulates expression of stress ligands in ovarian cancer cells and modulates their susceptibility to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity
Authors: Siew Yin-Yin , Neo Soek-Ying , Yew Hui-Chuing , Lim Shun-Wei , Ng Yi-Cheng , Lew Si-Min , Seetoh Wei-Guang , Seow See-Voon , Koh Hwee-Ling 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Selected cytotoxic chemicals can provoke the immune system to recognize and destroy malignant tumors. Most of the studies on immunogenic cell death are focused on the signals that operate on a series of receptors expressed by dendritic cells to induce tumor antigen-specific T-cell responses. Here, we explored the effects of oxaliplatin, an immunogenic cell death inducer, on the induction of stress ligands and promotion of natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity in human ovarian cancer cells. The results indicated that treatment of tumor cells with oxaliplatin induced the production of type I interferons and chemokines and enhanced the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I-related chains (MIC) A/B, UL16-binding protein (ULBP)-3, CD155 and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-R1/R2. Furthermore, oxaliplatin but not cisplatin treatment enhanced susceptibility of ovarian cancer cells to NK cell-mediated cytolysis. In addition, activated NK cells completely abrogated the growth of cancer cells that were pretreated with oxaliplatin. However, cancer cells pretreated with the same concentration of oxaliplatin alone were capable of potentiating regrowth over a period of time. These results suggest an advantage in combining oxaliplatin and NK cell-based therapy in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Further investigation on such potential combination therapy is warranted.
Increased Noradrenergic Neurotransmission to a Pain Facilitatory Area of the Brain Is Implicated in Facilitation of Chronic Pain
Authors: Martins Isabel , Carvalho Paulina , de Vries Martin G. , Teixeira-Pinto Armando , Wilson Steven P. , Westerink Ben H. C. , Tavares Isaura 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAbstract
In rats, peripheral nerve injury–induced hypersensitivity was associated with evidence for activation of cells in the brainstem, noradrenergic locus coeruleus nucleus, including cells that project to the dorsal reticular nucleus, which provides descending pain facilitating input. Pharmacologic studies suggest that the analgesic action of spinally released norepinephrine may be reduced by simultaneous activation of supraspinal facilitating systems dependent on α1-adrenoceptors.

Background:
Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors are known to produce analgesia through a spinal action but they also act in the brain. However, the action of noradrenaline on supraspinal pain control regions is understudied. The authors addressed the noradrenergic modulation of the dorsal reticular nucleus (DRt), a medullary pronociceptive area, in the spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain.

Methods:
The expression of the phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB), a marker of neuronal activation, was evaluated in the locus coeruleus and A5 noradrenergic neurons (n = 6 rats/group). pCREB was studied in noradrenergic DRt-projecting neurons retrogradely labeled in SNI animals (n = 3). In vivo microdialysis was used to measure noradrenaline release in the DRt on nociceptive stimulation or after DRt infusion of clonidine (n = 5 to 6 per group). Pharmacology, immunohistochemistry, and western blot were used to study α-adrenoreceptors in the DRt (n = 4 to 6 per group).

Results:
pCREB expression significantly increased in the locus coeruleus and A5 of SNI animals, and most noradrenergic DRt-projecting neurons expressed pCREB. In SNI animals, noradrenaline levels significantly increased on pinprick (mean ± SD, 126 ± 14%; P = 0.025 vs. baseline) and acetone stimulation (mean ± SD, 151 ± 12%; P < 0.001 vs. baseline), and clonidine infusion showed decreased α2-mediated inhibitory function. α1-adrenoreceptor blockade decreased nociceptive behavioral responses in SNI animals. α2-adrenoreceptor expression was not altered.

Conclusions:
Chronic pain induces brainstem noradrenergic activation that enhances descending facilitation from the DRt. This suggests that antidepressants inhibiting noradrenaline reuptake may enhance pain facilitation from the brain, counteracting their analgesic effects at the spinal cord.
ADIPOQ −11377C>G Polymorphism Increases the Risk of Adipokine Abnormalities and Child Obesity Regardless of Dietary Intake
Authors: Gajewska Joanna , Kuryłowicz Alina , Ambroszkiewicz Jadwiga , Mierzejewska Ewa , Chełchowska Magdalena , Szamotulska Katarzyna , Weker Halina , Puzianowska‐Kuźnicka Monika 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTObjective:The aim of the present study was to verify whether selected functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in LEP, LEPR, and ADIPOQ loci are associated with the development of obesity and serum levels of the respective adipokines in prepubertal white children with obesity.Methods:Frequencies of −2548G>A LEP (rs7799039), Q223R (rs1137101) and K656N (rs8129183) LEPR, and −11377C>G (rs266729) and −11426A>G (rs16861194) ADIPOQ polymorphisms were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism in 101 obese (standard deviation score [SDS]‐body mass index [BMI] >2) and 67 normal‐weight (SDS‐BMI <−1 + 1>) children. Serum adipokine concentrations were measured using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method.Results:The GC/GG genotypes of −11377C>G ADIPOQ polymorphism were associated with a higher risk of obesity (P = 0.022, odds ratio 2.08 [95% confidence interval 1.11–3.90]). Individuals carrying the GG genotype had a higher leptin/total adiponectin ratio by 25% than CC homozygotes (Ptrend = 0.05). In the multivariate linear regression model, we found differences among particular genotypes of this polymorphism in concentrations of high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin (Ptrend = 0.043) and HMW/total adiponectin ratio (Ptrend = 0.048), with the lowest values in GG homozygotes. Positive correlations between SDS‐BMI and dietary reference intake percentage were observed in individuals homozygous for allele C (r = 0.403, P = 0.01) and CG heterozygotes (r = 0.428, P = 0.004). No significant correlations between both parameters were found in the GG homozygotes.Conclusions:Among the analyzed polymorphisms, only −11377C>G ADIPOQ single nucleotide polymorphism was associated with obesity during the prepubertal period. Adipokine abnormalities coexisting with the lack of relations between SDS‐BMI and dietary intake may predict a higher risk of future obesity‐related disorders in obese children carrying the GG genotype than in those with other genotypes.
Evaluation of Nasal Obstruction in Various Sagittal Skeletal Deformity of Jaws
Authors: Rodrigues Marco Marques , Passeri Luis Augusto , Monnazzi Marcelo Silva , Gabrielli Mario Francisco Real , Gabrielli Marisa Aparecida Cabrini , Pereira-Filho Valfrido Antonio 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Nasal obstruction (NO) is a common symptom present in 25% of the general population, which significantly interferes with the quality of life. The different facial profiles and malocclusion patterns could be associated with the degree of NO. In order to evaluate the nasal function in patients with different facial morphology patterns, the authors developed a prospective study in which 88 patients from a dentofacial deformities center were included. These patients were submitted to fibrorhinoscopy (Mashida, ENT PIII) with a 3.2-mm cannula under topical anesthesia to evaluate septal deviation, inferior and medium turbinates, and pharyngeal tonsils. The 88 patients included in the study were divided into 3 groups according to the classification of the facial profile, distributed as follows: 32 class I, 28 class II, and 28 class III; the data collected was statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and the results are shown. The patients included in this study presented similar prevalence of NO with the reduction of airway function efficiency. Although it was not a statistically different, the group II presented higher mean Nasal Obstruction Syndrome Evaluation scores.
Implant Site Under-Preparation to Compensate the Remodeling of an Autologous Bone Block Graft
Authors: Anitua Eduardo , Murias-Freijo Alia , Alkhraisat Mohammad Hamdan 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Autologous bone block grafting is an efficient technique to thicken an atrophied residual alveolar ridge. A variable degree of resorption, however, occurs due to graft remodeling. In this study, we hypothesize that under-preparation of implant socket would permit the dental implant to act as a bone expansor and thus compensate for the contraction in the augmented ridge width. For that reason, 10 patients received an autologous bone block graft that was obtained from the ramus of the mandible. Residual alveolar ridge width was measured on CBCT scans obtained before surgery (T0), after 2 months of healing (T1), after 4 months of healing just before implant placement (T2), and after 4 months of implant placement (T3). The thickness of the alveolar ridge was initially increased from 2.5 ± 1.4 to 6.1 ± 2.0 mm. Before implant insertion, this width was decreased to 5.6 ± 2.1 mm. The last measurement after implant insertion indicated an increase to 7.3 ± 1.8 mm. In comparison to the measurements at T1, a loss of about 0.5 mm of the augmented width occurred. But, this loss was compensated by an increment of 1.2 mm at T3 (after implant insertion) if related to the measurement at T1. Neither gingival dehiscence nor block exposure was observed. Within the limitations of this study, under-preparation of implant socket could make the ridge expansion possible during implant insertion and thus to compensate the remodeling of autologous bone block graft.
Mandibular Symphyseal L-Inverted Midline Osteotomy to Correct Mild Laterognathia and Malocclusion
Authors: Collantes Carlos , Solano Nicolás , Romero Luis , Molina César , Gómez-Delgado Andrés 
Published: July 2015

Objective:
The aim of this study was to present the authors’ experience with a new surgical technique to correct mild laterognathia and malocclusion by means of an L-inverted midline osteotomy.

Patient and Methods:
The patient was a 26-year-old woman diagnosed with left laterognathia and ipsilateral posterior crossbite. She was operated by using this novel technique in November 2009 at Hogar Clínica San Rafael, Maracaibo, Venezuela. Bicortical midline symphyseal vertical osteotomy was executed, followed by block removal of the central right inferior incisor and its surrounding alveolar bone. The mandibular segmentation was completed by means of a right hemimentoplasty. After this, a 4-mm right mandibular rotation was made, and titanium plates and monocortical screws of the 2.0 system were used to achieve the rigid fixation.

Results:
The patient showed outstanding aesthetic and functional results after 5 years.

Conclusions:
This technique provides a new treatment option for the correction of mild laterognathia cases associated with dental malocclusion.
Ideal or Young-Looking Brow Height and Arch Shape Preferred by Koreans
Authors: Hwang Se Jin , Kim Hun , Hwang Kun , Kim Seong Kee , Kim Young Suk , Kim Yeon Soo 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study is to see which brow height and arch shape is preferred as ideal or young-looking by Koreans.
A survey was conducted between June and Dec 2014 on 186 women who visited the brow bar (“Benefit” of Incheon city). They were asked to choose which they believed ideal and youngest amongst the 3 brow archetypes according to their height and 4 types of modification of Anastasia (rotation of medial and lateral arms), which was illustrated.
Approximately half (52.5%) of the respondents answered that their brow matches them very well or well. Most (81.2%) believed there might be a method to yield an ideal brow archetype and almost all (97.3%) would change the brow shape if the expert advised. The most preferred ideal brow height was of a middle height (63.2%, the distance from the lateral canthus to the lateral end of eyebrow, which was 2/3 of the eye width). The most preferred ideal brow arch shape was the arched type (57.6% arches on a line drawn from the center of the nose through the center of the pupil). The most preferred young-looking brow height was of an upper height (46.2%, the distance from the lateral canthus to the lateral end of eyebrow was 3/4 of the eye width) followed by a middle height (39.7%). The most preferred young-looking brow arch shape was the head-up position (53.3%, medial arm of the brow was rotated upward to the horizontal plane).
The result of this study might be useful in facial rejuvenation surgeries as well as in brow esthetics or tattooing of the eyebrows.
Application of Computer-Aided Designing and Rapid Prototyping Technologies in Reconstruction of Blowout Fractures of the Orbital Floor
Authors: Tabaković Saša Z. , Konstantinović Vitomir S. , Radosavljević Radivoje , Movrin Dejan , Hadžistević Miodrag , Hatab Nur 
Published: July 2015

Introduction:
Traumatology of the maxillofacial region represents a wide range of different types of facial skeletal injuries and encompasses numerous treatment methods. Application of computer-aided design (CAD) in combination with rapid prototyping (RP) technologies and three-dimensional computed tomography techniques facilitates surgical therapy planning for efficient treatment.

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to determine the efficiency of individually designed implants of poly-DL-lactide (PDLLA) in the reconstruction of blowout fractures of the orbital floor.

Methods:
In the course of a surgical treatment, individually designed implants manufactured by CAD/RP technologies were used. Preoperative analysis and postoperative monitoring were conducted to evaluate the successfulness of orbital floor reconstruction using customized PDLLA implants, based on: presence of diplopia, paresthesia of infraorbital nerve, and presence of enophthalmos.

Results:
In 6 of the 10 patients, diplopia completely disappeared immediately after surgical procedure. Diplopia gradually disappeared after 1 month in 3 patients, whereas in 1, it remained even after 6 months. In 7 patients, paresthesia disappeared within a month after surgery and in 3 patients within 2 months. Postoperative average Orbital volume (OV) of the injured side (13.333 ± 3.177) was significantly reduced in comparison with preoperative OV (15.847 ± 3.361) after reconstruction of the orbital floor with customized PDLLA implant (P < 0.001). Thus, average OV of corrected orbit was not different compared with the OV of the uninjured orbit (P = 0.981).

Conclusions:
Reconstruction of blowout fractures of the orbital floor by an individually designed PDLLA implant combined with virtual preoperative modeling allows easier preoperative preparation and yields satisfactory functional and esthetic outcomes.
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia Following Herpes Zoster
Authors: Li Guo-wei , Lan Qing , Zhang Wen-chuan 
Published: July 2015

Objective:
The aim of this study was to illustrate the clinical characteristics and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia following herpes zoster.

Methods:
From August 1, 2011 to August 1, 2013, 23 consecutive patients with trigeminal neuralgia following herpes zoster underwent microvascular decompression (MVD) at our cranial nerve disease center. All patients underwent preoperative MRI evaluation, intraoperative observation, and clinical effect evaluation. Clinical data were collected and analyzed in our center.

Results:
V2 division was the most commonly affected branch. Unlike pretrigeminal neuralgia (PTN), trigger zone was only found in a small part of patients (21.7%). Unlike PTN, the adhesions and compressions between trigeminal nerve and offending vessels were usually not serious; trigeminal nerve usually is atrophic; superior cerebellar artery was the most common offending vessels (65.2%). Of 23 patients, 19 experienced pain relief (82.6%), 1 patient suffered from hearing loss, and another one suffered from cerebrospinal fluid leak; no severe complications were found. During follow-up period, no recurrence was found (3 lost).

Conclusions:
For patients who suffered from trigeminal neuralgia following herpes zoster, trigger zone was only found in a small part of patients. The trigeminal nerve usually is atrophic; microvascular decompression was equally applied to these patients if vessel compression was confirmed.
Vision Loss due to Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Following Embolization in a Case of a Giant Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
Authors: Trivedi Mihir , Desai Roshani J. , Potdar Nayana A. , Shinde Chhaya A. , Ukirde Vivek , Bhuta Maunil , Nair Akshay Gopinathan 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a benign, vascular, and locally aggressive tumor that arises in the nasal cavity, extending into the nasopharynx and often in to the orbit. It may rarely present to the ophthalmologist with proptosis and optic neuropathy. Preoperative embolization of JNA is done before surgical resection. In this communication, the authors report a rare occurrence of ipsilateral central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) following embolization with polyvinyl alcohol in a 13-year-old boy with right-sided JNA. Retrospective review of the angiograms pointed out to a suspicious communication between the external carotid artery and the ophthalmic vessels. Pre-embolization detailed study of the angiograms is necessary to avoid such devastating complications. Although rare, vision loss is a possible complication arising from embolization of nasopharyngeal and intracranial tumors, and all patients undergoing these procedures should be informed of the risk of visual loss because it has a lasting impact on the quality of life.
EVfold.org: Evolutionary Couplings and Protein 3D Structure Prediction
Authors: Sheridan Robert , Fieldhouse Robert J. , Hayat Sikander , Sun Yichao , Antipin Yevgeniy , Yang Li , Hopf Thomas , Marks Debora S. , Sander Chris 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTRecently developed maximum entropy methods infer evolutionary constraints on protein function and structure from the millions of protein sequences available in genomic databases. The EVfold web server (at EVfold.org) makes these methods available to predict functional and structural interactions in proteins. The key algorithmic development has been to disentangle direct and indirect residue-residue correlations in large multiple sequence alignments and derive direct residue-residue evolutionary couplings (EVcouplings or ECs). For proteins of unknown structure, distance constraints obtained from evolutionarily couplings between residue pairs are used tode novopredict all-atom 3D structures, often to good accuracy. Given sufficient sequence information in a protein family, this is a major advance toward solving the problem of computing the native 3D fold of proteins from sequence information alone.AvailabilityEVfold server athttp://evfold.org/Contactevfoldtest@gmail.comAbbreviationsDIdirect informationECevolutionary couplingEVevolutionaryMSAmultiple sequence alignmentPLMpseudo-likelihood maximizationPPVpositive predictive value (number of true positives divided by the sum of true and false positives)TM-scoretemplate modeling score
The effect of financial factors on firms’ financial and tax reporting decisions
Authors: Koh Yunsung , Lee Hyun-Ah 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of financial factors on firms’ financial and tax reporting decisions. Firms often face the difficulties of accomplishing both financial and reporting goals. The extent to which reporting they put more value depends on the differential weighting of firms’ financial reporting and tax costs. The authors incorporate various financial factors as a source of cross-sectional differences in the weighing of both financial reporting and tax costs.

Design/methodology/approach
– To examine firms’ decisions when fulfilling both the purposes of financial and tax reporting is difficult, the authors use a large set of firms in Korea, where book-tax conformity is high and aggressive tax shelters are restricted. The authors develop a new measure that can specify firms’ decision making between financial and tax reporting by considering both earnings management and tax avoidance.

Findings
– The findings show that debt ratio affects firms’ financial and tax reporting decisions non-monotonically depending on the level of the debt ratio. The authors also find that firms with more long-term debt financing are more likely to be aggressive in financial reporting, while firms with higher financing deficit or better access to the capital market are more likely to be aggressive in tax reporting.

Research limitations/implications
– Thus, the findings provide more compelling evidence of firms’ decision making between two conflicting strategies, particularly when fulfilling both the purposes of financial and tax reporting is difficult. The authors expect that the results provide practical implications to standard setters, auditors and financial statement users who are interested in the ongoing debate over book-tax tradeoffs.

Originality/value
– This paper fulfills an identified need to study how firms’ decision making between two conflicting reporting strategies are affected by the various financial factors, which are closely linked to a firm’s financial reporting and tax costs.