bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among Patients with Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Ahmed Saleh Hanan Mohamed , Afify Ahmed Abdelfattah , Abdel Aziz Abeer Farrag Hussein 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatologic complaints. About 85% of adolescent population and 3% of the adults between the age of 35-44 years have this disease worldwide. It is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit. Helicobacter pylori is a gastric Gram-negative, spiral-shaped microaerophilic pathogen closely associated with gastric and extra-gastric diseases (chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, gastric cancer, iron deficiency anemia, etc). It has been shown that H. pylori may play a potential pathogenic role in extra-intestinal diseases such as hepatobiliary, respiratory, cardiovascular, and dermatological disorders. The latter included chronic urticaria, psoriasis, henoch-schonlein purpura, and rosacea.

Objective
To determine the prevalence of H. Pylori infection among AV patients and correlate it with the disease severity. We included 45 patients with AV and 45 matched age and sex apparent healthy controls.

Methods
This case control study included 45 Patients with AV. They were recruited from the Dermatology outpatient clinic, Ain Shams University Hospitals and Teba specialized hospital in Luxur government. The study also included 45 age and sex matched healthy volunteers as a control group. They were recruited from people who don't have AV attending Al Demerdash Hospital Ain Shams University and Tepa Specialized Hospital. The study was done in the period from November 2021 to October 2022.

Results
Detection of H. pylori antigen in stool and H. pylori antibody IgG in serum in both groups revealed that the rates of H. pylori antigen in stool and H. pylori antibody IgG in serum were significantly higher in AV patients compared to control subjects. Also the patients with severe AV had statistically significant higher rates of H. pylori antigen in stool and H. pylori antibody in serum as compared to the patients with mild Acne and healthy controls. Also the number of AV involved sites and severity of AV were significantly correlated with H. pylori Ag in stool and H pylori Ab in serum. While there was no statistical significant correlation between (the type of AV, onset of AV and duration of AV) and H. pylori Ag in stool and H. pylori Ab in serum.

Conclusion
The prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with acne vulgaris is high so it may represent a risk factor for this skin disease. Also the indicators of H. pylori infection were positively correlated with the severity of AV.
Microscopic versus Endoscopic Stapes Surgery – A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fawaz Samia Ahmed , Mikahail Peter Milad , Mady Ossama Mustafa , Elbagory Mahmoud Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The microscope is the conventional method used by ear surgeons to view the middle ear structures, allowing for binocular vision and the freedom of both hands. Its main disadvantage is the need for an unobstructed, direct view of the operating area. The end-aural incision, drilling of the bony auditory canal, and regular repositioning of the patient and the surgeon are a few examples of how the operation has to adapt to the microscope. Nevertheless, the microscope has proven itself as the tool of choice in stapes surgery with reliable outcomes.

Objective
to compare endoscopic and microscopic interventions in stapes surgery regarding intraoperative and post-operative outcomes.

Patients and Methods
The review was a meta analytic & systematic review that included randomized controlled trials (RCT), case series and retrospective studies which studied the comparison of microscopic and endoscopic stapes surgery, 15 articles published between 2014 and 2020 were included in our study.

Data Sources
Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2020.

Results
Our results showed that the injury to the chorda tympani nerve was significantly higher in microscopic vs endoscopic groups. And also as regard the operative times, it was significant longer in microscopic vs. endoscopic groups. But there is no significant difference as regarde pain, dizziness, perforation of tympanic membrane, delayed conductive hearing & post-operative Air- bone gap improvement and taste disturbance between both groups.

Conclusion
Endoscopic stapes surgeries are technically feasible, safe and promising. Overall, our study indicates endoscopic and microscopic stapes surgery has similar audiological success, with some data suggesting a lower risk of chorda tympani injury and postoperative taste disturbance with the endoscope. Endoscopic stapes surgery appears to be a reasonable alternative to microscopic stapes surgery, with similar complications (chorda tympani nerve injury, pain, Perforation of tympanic membrane, taste disturbance, Dizziness, and delayed conductive hearing). Shorter operative times shorter and lower postoperative air-bone gap were found in endoscopic stapes surgery. Superior visibility with the endoscope was consistently reported in all the studies. This meta-analysis of the current evidence supports the use of endoscopic techniques for stapes surgery.
Efficacy of Virtual Reality as Vestibular Rehabilitative Therapy in Peripheral Vestibular Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abd-Elhamid Eman El-Saied Yahia , Hazzaa Nagwa Mohamed , Manzour Ayat Farouk , Galal Eman Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Vestibular rehabilitation therapy is a safe, effective and non-invasive treatment for the uncompensated peripheral vestibular lesions. Virtual reality can be utilized in vestibular rehabilitation. There are no standardized guidelines settled in the literature involving virtual reality settings for the treatment of the peripheral vestibular lesions.

Aim of the Work
To study the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) interventions in vestibular rehabilitation in patients with peripheral vestibular disorders.

Methods
The following databases were examined: PubMed, Google scholar andEmbase. The following search terms were utilized: (Virtual reality – video games – Vestibular rehabilitation – peripheral vestibular dysfunction).

Results
Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, four studies were selected for inclusion in this study. Statistical analysis was done using outcome measures as Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Activities-specific Balance Confidence questionnaire (ABC). This study found that virtual reality interventions can improve balance function in patients with peripheral vestibular disorders.

Conclusions
This study suggests that virtual reality has potential clinical benefit for vestibular rehabilitation in peripheral vestibular dysfunction compared with conventional vestibular rehabilitation.
Hip Fracture and The Associated Risk Factors among Egyptian Males
Authors: Abbas Adel Adel , Allam Mohamed Farouk , Sweed Hala Samir , Abdulrahman Samia Ahmed , Wessam Ali Walaa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Fragility fractures caused by osteoporosis are well-known to increase the risk of further fragility fractures; a history of the wrist, vertebral body, or hip fractures increases the risk of further fractures accordingly. Fragility fractures induce lower activities of daily living (ADL), and repeated fractures further reduce mobility. Studies found that persons who experienced at least one vertebral body fracture had a higher mortality rate than persons without vertebral body fractures. Also, the one year survival rate of patients with hip fractures was lower than that of the general population. The objective of this study was to find the proportion of concomitant hidden vertebral fractures among males with fragility hip fracture.

Patients and Methods
Observational analytical case control study, on 150 male cases of osteoporotic hip fractures with matching 150 controls, 40 years of age and older, presented to orthopedic emergency room in the period from Jan, 2019 to Jan, 2020. Cases and controls underwent structured interview questionnaire including all medical and socio- demographic characteristics. Cases in addition underwent plain x-ray for lumbosacral vertebra to assess for concomitant hidden vertebral fractures, in addition.

Results
We had 150 patients conforming to our inclusion criteria, visiting the orthopedic emergency department, of a total number 48000 patients, only 13000 of them are males during the study period, from Jan 2019 to Jan. 2020. The proportion of fragility hip fracture among males was 1.2%, with mean age 74.32 +/- 10.7. Cases also had a number of co- morbidities ranging from 4-7 chronic diseases. Of those cases, 26% had a concomitant hidden vertebral fracture.

Conclusion
Concomitant vertebral fracture is prevalent among males with other fragility fractures, especially hip fracture, which warrants identification and management to evade complications and mortality.
The Potential Role of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Exosomes on Experimentally Induced Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint in Male Albino Rats. Histological and Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Baraka Asmaa Tarek , Negm Eman Ali , Raafat Mona Hussien , Atalla Suzi Sobhy 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder worldwide characterized by progressive loss of articular cartilage. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) derived Exosomes as a promising therapy for treating osteoarthritis.

Aim of the Work
to study the healing potential of BMSCs derived exosomes on experimentally induced knee osteoarthritis.

Materials and Methods
Forty adult male albino rats, weighing 200-250 gm, were used in this study, five rats used as a source of BM-MSCs derived exosomes. The other thirty-five rats were randomly divided into three main groups Group I: The control group (20 rats) in which rats were subdivided into four subgroups. Subgroups IA and IB were sacrificed 2 and 6 weeks after the beginning of the experiment. Subgroup IC left for 2 weeks then were received intra-articular injection of 0.1ml Phosphate buffer saline (PBS) in right knee joint once weekly for 4 weeks Subgroup ID: left for 2 weeks then given intra-articular injection of purified exosome concentrate in the right knee joint once weekly for 4 weeks then the animals were sacrificed Group II:(15 rats) in which OA was induced by intra-articular injection of 2% formaldehyde solution in the right knee joints. The rats of group II were subdivided into two subgroups. Subgroups IIA and IIB were sacrificed 2 and 6 weeks after induction of OA respectively. Group III (5 rats), Osteoarthritis induced, as in group II and animals left for 2 weeks then treated by intra-articular injection of purified exosome concentrate in right knee joint once weekly for 4 weeks. The right joints from all groups were collected, decalcified and processed for histological studies. Morphometric and statistical measurements were done.

Results
Histological examination of the right knee joints of OA group (subgroups IIA and IIB) showed surface erosions, decrease cartilage thickness, chondrocytes with pyknotic nuclei and areas of chondrocytes loss with longitudinal clefts reaching the deep zone. Synovial membrane of group II showed increased thickness of the intima, mononuclear cellular infiltration with abundant collagen fibres deposition and dilated congested blood vessels in subintima, apparent increase in the number of iNOS positive intimal synovial cells. Meanwhile, group III showed smooth articular surface, with multiple colonies of chondrocytes and multiple cell nests, significant increase in the mean area percentage of PCNA positive chondrocytes in animals of group Ш when compared to all the other groups.

Conclusion
BMSCs derived exosomes improved OA induced damage of articular cartilage and synovial membrane. Therefore, it offers a cell-free treatment of OA and joint damage.
A Comparative Histological Study Between the Protective and the Therapeutic Effect of Probiotic on Cisplatin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rat
Authors: Mostafa Rawan Hasan , Sadek Doaa Ramadan , El Khalek Ibrahim Gehan Abd , Abd El Salam Nevert Farid 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Although cisplatin (CP) is one of the most effective chemotherapies, it is associated with significant nephrotoxicity (Acute kidney injury). Lactobacillus plantarum is often used as a probiotic on its own for its beneficial properties and anti-inflammatory activity.

Aim
to compare the protective and therapeutic role of probiotics on the microscopic structure of the kidney in a model of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Material and Methods
thirty-five adult male albino rats weighing (200-220gm) were divided into 4 groups. Group I (control group), Group II (Cisplatin group): rats received intraperitoneal injection of CP (7.5 mg/kg) for 3 days. Group III (protective group): Rats received 1 mL of probiotic orally for 7 days. From the fifth day, the rats received intraperitoneal injections of CP (7.5mg/kg) for 3 days. Group IV (Therapeutic group): Rats received intraperitoneal injection of CP for 3 days. From the fourth day, the rats received probiotic L. plantarum orally at a dose of (1 mL/day) for 14 days. The concentration of probiotics in group III and group IV was 109 Colony forming units (CFU)/mL/100 g of body weight. Kidney specimens were proceeded for light microscopic examination, as well as Morphometrical and statistical analyses.

Results
H&E-stained sections of Group II showed marked renal affection in which most glomeruli showed atrophy. Renal tubules were mostly distorted, necrotic, and degenerative with interstitial hemorrhage, congestion, and cellular infiltration. PAS-stained sections showed marked increased reaction in glomerular and tubular Basement membranes with an apparent loss of Brush borders of most of the PCTs. Masson`s trichrome-stained sections showed a marked increase in collagen fibers in renal interstitia mostly around blood vessels. Immunohistochemically stained sections showed a marked increase in positive cytoplasmic reaction to caspase -3 antibodies mostly in renal tubules. On the other hand, the renal structure of The protective group showed marked improvement which appeared nearly comparable to that of the control group while the therapeutic group showed minimal improvement.

Conclusion
The protective effect of probiotics on cisplatin-induced Acute Kidney Injury (Nephrotoxicity) was markedly better than the therapeutic effect as detected by microscopic, morphometric, and statistical studies.
Elevation in Liver Enzymes as a Predictor for COVID-19 Severity
Authors: Fouda Enas Mahmoud , Abdel-Latif Hatem , Aziz George Tari Magdy , El-Aal Mohamed Salem Mohamed Abd 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started in December of 2019 as a cluster of pneumonia cases of unclear etiology in Wuhan city of Hubei province in China. Later, it was found to be caused by a coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease rapidly spread throughout the world, becoming a pandemic, and as of April, 2022, there were more than 500 million cases worldwide with more than 6 million deaths. It is postulated that the virus enters the human body by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor-2 (ACE-2) with the help of spike protein on its cell membrane.

Aim of the Work
To compare the serum liver chemistries such as hepatic transaminases to evaluate whether they can predict severity and mortality in COVID-19.

Patients and Methods
A comparative cross-sectional study for 6 months in Ain-Shams University hospitals, we studied 100 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 by RT- PCR for SARS- CoV-2. They included 70 patients with non-severe COVID-19 and 30 patients with severe COVID- 19 on hospital admission. This classification was based on the quick COVID-19 severity index (qCSI) and CT- severity index.

Results
The results of our study showed that levels of inflammatory markers such as CRP, serum ferritin, d-dimer, and procalcitonin were significantly higher in the severe group when compared to the non-severe group. This could be an indicator of a more intense inflammatory state in patients with severe COVID- 19 admitted to ICU. Our study showed that 40% of the severe group admitted to the ICU passed away. In our study, the median levels for ALT, AST at admission were 51 and 46 U/L, respectively, which are considered higher than the upper limit of normal levels. Our study showed that during hospitalization, the group of patients with severe COVID-19 who were admitted to ICU had significantly higher prevalence of abnormal ALT levels when compared to the non- severe group (86% versus 32%, respectively).

Conclusion
Our study showed that patients with severe COVID-19 have significantly higher levels of AST and ALT and that, on admission, patients with abnormal ALT and AST levels have significantly higher odds for developing severe COVID-19 compared to patients with normal levels. We confirm the importance of monitoring liver enzymes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 as patients with abnormally elevated AST and ALT are more expected to progress to severe COVID- 19 which have prognostic implications in the COVID-19 disease course.
Directly Acting Anti-Viral Drugs and Its Metabolic Side Effects in Patients with Chronic HCV
Authors: Ahmed Osama Ashraf , ELkhayal Ahmed ELsady , Zaki Khaled Amr , Ragaae Amira Adel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease, with an estimated 170 million people infected worldwide. Treatment of hepatitis C virus has traditionally been difficult because of low rates of treatment success and high rates of treatment discontinuation due to side effects.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this work is to study side effects of directly acting anti HCV drug (DAA) and its progression in metabolism of lipid profile, blood sugar level, and renal function.

Patients and Methods
This case study had been carried out on 200 subjects presented to Department of Internal Medicine at Kobbri ELkobba hospital inpatient and outpatient clinics between March 2016 and September 2016.

Results
sustained virological response (12 weeks) after end of the treatment in more than 90% of patients, Liver function parameters including albumin, bilirubin, and prothrombin time and liver enzymes Ast, Alt improved in the majority of patients during and after the end of therapy,but there is significant increase in urea level, serum creatinin and HbA1C. There is significant decrease in LDL and mild increase in TG level.

Conclusion
Once-daily oral daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir with or without Ribavirin was associated with high rates of sustained virologic response among patients infected with HCV, including chronic cirrhotic patients and relapsers, successful treatment associated with Improvement of liver function parameters in the majority of patients, Increase in urea level, serum creatinin and HbA1C. There is significant decrease in LDL and mild increase in TG level.
Study of Serum Complement 3 Split Product iC3b /C3 Ratio in a Cohort of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients
Authors: Mansour Howaida El sayed , Hosny Sherin Mohamed , Shaaban Mohamed Elham , Abd El Fattah Mohamed Salah Sayed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune systemic disease that causes widespread multi organ inflammation. The exact cause of SLE remains unclear; however, genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors contribute to the development of the disease.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to measure the ratio of complement split product iC3b to C3 and its relation to disease activity and lupus nephritis in a cohort of SLE patients.

Patients and Methods
This study is a Cross sectional case control study conducted in internal medicine and Rheumatology unit, Ain Shams university hospital and Rheumatology unit, Maadi military hospital. Our study included.

Results
The present study shows that female were (76%) in active group of SLE patients and (60%) in inactive group while male were (24%) and (40%) respectively. with no significant difference. The mean of Disease Duration was (5.66 ± 1.97) with a range from 3 and 10 years in active group of SLE patients and (5.08 ± 1.54) with a range from 3 and 9 years in inactive group. with no significant difference. Regarding clinical manifestations of SLE the present study shows that active group of SLE patients had statistically highly significant increase in incidence of lupus nephritis, arthritis, serositis, oral ulcers, malar rash (p &lt; 0.001) with significant increase in incidence of alopecia and neurological manifestations (p &lt; 0.05). The current study shows that active group of SLE patients had statistically significantly higher mean ESR, anti-DNA titre, 24hr urinary proteins, serum creatinine, serum urea, and GFR levels (p = 0.000) than inactive group, Also active group had significant leucopenia, anemia (p = 0.000, 0.005 respectively) and C3 was significantly more consumed than inactive group (p &lt; 0.05)

Conclusion
The ratio of complement split product iC3b to C3 concentrations correlates with the extent of SLE disease activity more than C3 alone. Furthermore, the iC3b:C3 ratio may discriminate between patients with lupus nephritis and patients without lupus nephritis. Detection of SLE disease activity and lupus nephritis by iC3b/C3 ratio help to make a proper decision in management to induce remission.
The Effect of Hemodiafiltration vs. High-Flux Hemodialysis on Alpha 1-Microglobulin level and Dialysate Albumin Loss Using a Dialyzer Surface Area of 2.6 m2
Authors: ElSayed Hesham , ElSharkawy Magdy , Khedr Abdelrahman , Hussein Hussein Sayed , Elbraky Abdelrahman , Fathy Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Dialysis therapy has remarkably evolved through the innovation in dialyzers and hemodialysis modalities, enhancing patients’ quality of life. The efficacy of dialysis can be determined by measuring the reduction ratio (RR) of middle molecules, such as alpha 1-microglobulin (A1M).

Objectives
In our study, we tested a high-flux dialyzer, BIOPURE (Biorema) 260 HF, with a surface area (SA) of 2.6 m2, in terms of A1M removal and concurrent albumin loss in dialysate while receiving high-flux hemodialysis (HF-HD) and post-dilution online hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF).

Patients and Methods
This crossover study comprised 25 patients who received a session of HF-HD using the BIOPURE (Biorema) 260 H, followed by a session of post-dilution OL-HDF. A washout period of 2 weeks was instilled between the two sessions, during which the patients received HF-HD using high-flux dialyzers (maximum SA 2.0 m2). All patients' hourly dialysate albumin and pre/post dialysis concentrations of A1M were measured.

Results
The dialyzer used in this study resulted in an A1M RR of 41.9±7.93% (p &lt; 0.001) with HDF and 27.12±7.65% (p &lt; 0.001) with HF-HD; and a median cumulative dialysate albumin loss of 2.97g (IQR 1.98 – 3.37) with HDF, and 0.67g (IQR 0.49 – 1.13) with HF-HD.

Conclusion
The dialyzer BIOPURE (Biorema) 260 HF (SA 2.6 m2) is efficient in eliminating A1M, especially with OL-HDF compared to HF-HD, with acceptable albumin loss in the dialysate.