bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief report: Identity processes in Filipino late adolescents and young adults: Parental influences and mental health outcomes
Authors: Pesigan Ivan Jacob Agaloos , Luyckx Koen , Alampay Liane Peña 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThis study focused on a process‐oriented approach to identity formation using a sample of Filipino late adolescents and young adults (17–30 years; N = 779). Indirect relations between parenting and mental health via identity formation processes were examined. Two parenting dimensions (psychological control and support), two types of mental health outcomes (depression and psychological well‐being), and five identity dimensions (commitment making (CM), identification with commitment (IC), exploration in breadth (EB), exploration in depth (ED), and ruminative exploration (RE)) were assessed. Recursive path analysis showed indirect relations between parenting and mental health via EB, ED, RE, and IC. Model differences between late adolescents (17–21 year olds) and young adults (22–30 year olds) were examined using multigroup path analysis. Results showed that the direct effect of psychological control on RE, and its indirect effect on depression through RE differed between the age groups. Implications and suggestions for future research are provided.
Dominance as part of self‐concept mediates the intergenerational transmission of social anxiety among adolescents under residential care
Authors: Roitman Yaakov , Gilboa‐Schechtman Eva 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTAccording to Rapee (1997), maternal social anxiety (SA) is directly associated with adolescent SA because maternal SA causes overprotective and controlling parental behavior. A total of 127 adolescents who were in the process of transitioning to a boarding school for at‐risk youth as well as their mothers participated in the current study, 30% of the adolescents had experienced at least one depressive episode; 17.5% had been diagnosed with SA.We analyzed an expanding model of mediation, of maternal SA and depression in which specifically, adolescent self‐perception was constructed as a latent factor that was formed by self‐reported dominance and self‐criticism.The results supported our hypotheses that maternal SA is not directly associated with adolescent SA. Rather, these relationships are mediated by adolescents' self‐perception (i.e., dominance and self‐criticism). The results call into question Rapee's theoretical arguments and support Gilbert's evolutionary theory.
COMPUTINGK-TRIVIAL SETS BY INCOMPLETE RANDOM SETS
Authors: BIENVENU LAURENT , DAY ADAM R. , GREENBERG NOAM , KUČERA ANTONÍN , MILLER JOSEPH S. , NIES ANDRÉ , TURETSKY DAN 
Published: May 2014

AbstractEveryK-trivial set is computable from an incomplete Martin-Löf random set, i.e., a Martin-Löf random set that does not compute the halting problem.
Acute-phase responses in cattle infected with hydatid cysts and microbial agents
Authors: Sevimli A. , Sevimli F.K. , Şeker E. , Ulucan A. , Demirel H.H. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydatid cysts and microbial agents on the acute-phase response in cattle. Twenty-seven cattle with hydatid cysts and eight apparently healthy cattle comprised the study and control groups, respectively. Parasitological, microbiological, histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of the liver and lungs were undertaken, and 49 of these organs were infected with cysts. In 14 of 31 (45.1%) livers and 10 of 18 (55.5%) lungs microbial growth was observed. The most frequent species occurring in the liver wereStaphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Corynebacteriumspp. andCampylobacterspp., whereas in the lungs the most common species wasCandidaspp., followed byStreptococcusspp.,Mannheimia haemolytica,Corynebacteriumspp.,Micrococcusspp. andS. aureus. The concentration of serum interleukin (IL-6) in infected cattle, 455.35 ± 39.68 pg/ml, was significantly higher than that of 83.02 ± 17.87 pg/ml in the control group (P< 0.001). The serum amyloid A (SAA) level of infected cattle was 7.51 ± 0.41 μg/ml, and 4.84 ± 0.51 μg/ml in the control group (P< 0.001). The serum haptoglobin level of infected cattle was found to be 2.08 ± 0.65 ng/ml, while that of the control group was determined as 3.87 ± 0.91 ng/ml (P>0.05). The highest concentrations of IL-6 were detected in serum of the cattle where microbial growth had been detected, followed by cattle infected with bacteria +Trichostrongylussp. (P< 0.001). Consequently, SAA showed an important increase in the group infected with hydatid cysts, whereas haptoglobin level decreased. It was noticed that IL-6, like SAA, had a significant role in hydatid cyst infection. Therefore IL-6 and SAA appear to be major markers in the detection of infection of cattle with hydatid cysts.
Dynamic characteristics of a 3-RPR planar parallel manipulator with flexible intermediate links
Authors: Firoozabadi Amirhossein Eshaghiyeh , Ebrahimi Saeed , Amirian Ghasem 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYThis paper presents the dynamic modeling of a 3-RPR planar parallel manipulator with three flexible intermediate links in order to investigate the effects of the intermediate links flexibility on the undesired vibrations of the end-effector. For this purpose, the intermediate links are modeled as Euler--Bernoulli beams with two types of fixed-pinned and fixed-free boundary conditions based on the assumed mode method (AMM). The equations of motion of the 3-RPR manipulator are formulated using the augmented Lagrange multipliers method in the form of differential algebraic equations (DAEs) by incorporating the elastic and rigid coordinates in the set of generalized coordinates. After defining the initial conditions and imposing external forces to the manipulator, the equations are then solved numerically using the Modified Extended Backward-Differentiation Formula Implicit (MEBDFI) approach. Comparison of the simulation results for two different boundary conditions shows clearly the effects of flexibility of the intermediate links on the vibration of the end-effector trajectory. Results of this work can be used for the dynamic modeling of other manipulators or to design a controller for reducing the undesired vibrations.
A new tuning procedure for nonlinear PID global regulators with bounded torques for rigid robots
Authors: Orrante-Sakanassi Jorge , Santibánez Víctor , Hernández-Guzmán Víctor M. 
Published: May 2014

SUMMARYIn this paper we propose new tuning conditions for three saturated nonlinear proportional-integral-derivative (PID) global regulators with bounded torques for robot manipulators, which have been presented previously in the literature. The motivation of this work relies on the fact that the tuning conditions presented previously in the literature for assuring global asymptotic stability are so restrictive that it had been impossible, until now, to carry out experimental tests. New tuning criteria of unsaturated PID controllers for robot manipulators with stability conditions more relaxed than those presented previously in the literature have been proposed recently in some works by the authors. This was achieved by setting the stability conditions as expressions that have to be satisfied at each joint instead of general conditions for the whole robot. Based on this idea, we now obtain stability conditions for saturated global PID controllers which are so relaxed that they have allowed to perform, by the first time, experimental tests using controller gains which completely satisfy the proposed stability conditions. The results of such experiments are presented in this paper, where we have used a two-degrees-of-freedom robot manipulator.
Is a Consolidation of Liberal Democracy in the Russia Federation a Reality?
Authors: Shinar Chaim 
Published: May 2014

The downfall of the Communist regime in the Soviet Union was at first considered by sociologists as a matter of transition from a dictatorial to a democratic regime. As a result, they inferred an affinity between the ongoing processes in the states constituting part of the Soviet Empire and the process of democratization occurring in Latin American or Southern European states. Shortly afterwards, however, the disparity between the various processes became obvious, when in some of the post-Soviet states the dictatorial regime lingered on, while others returned to a dictatorial regime after having been democratic in the past. Thus, sociologists have, in fact, no guidelines to account for the regime changes in these states, and it is also not clear what type of regime developed during Yeltsin’s presidency and what type of regime is developing in Russia under Putin.Rus, whither are you speeding to? Answer me. No answer. The middle bell trills out in a dream its liquid soliloquy; the roaring air is torn to pieces and becomes wind; all things on earth fly by and other nations and states gaze askance as they step aside and give her the right of way. (Nikolai Gogol)Indeed, it has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except all those other forms that have been tried from time to time. (Winston Churchill)
Participatory breeding in the Peruvian highlands: Opportunities and challenges for promoting conservation and sustainable use of underutilized crops
Authors: Galluzzi Gea , Estrada Rigoberto , Apaza Vidal , Gamarra Mirihan , Pérez Ángel , Gamarra Gilberto , Altamirano Ana , Cáceres Gladys , Gonza Víctor , Sevilla Ricardo , Noriega Isabel López , Jäger Matthias 
Published: May 2014

AbstractUnderutilized crops tend to harbor high levels of genetic diversity, be maintained on-farm in small-scale farming systems and be relatively neglected by formal research and development strategies, including breeding programs. While high genetic variability allows these crops to adapt to marginal environments, inappropriate management practices and reductions in population sizes in individual farmers’ plots may lead to productivity loss and poor harvests. This situation further limits their cultivation and use, notwithstanding the potential these crops may hold for diversification of agricultural systems, food security and market development. Peru hosts a wealth of native agrobiodiversity, which includes many underutilized crops. To improve their performance and promote their continued conservation and use, a participatory breeding program was developed on five underutilized crops of the Peruvian highlands; the breeding approach, based on a combination of evolutionary and participatory methods, is designed to achieve a balance between yield improvement and maintenance of genetic diversity. Preliminary results in quinoa and amaranth are encouraging, fostering further engagement of farmers by increasing availability of quality seed for downstream uses. However, methodological, financial and institutional issues need to be addressed for the effort to be expanded and upscaled. This paper provides an overall description of the initiative as well as a discussion on early results obtained in quinoa and amaranth, highlighting those aspects that make this approach particularly relevant for minor crops and identifying the opportunities and challenges for the initiative to move forward.
Mollusca from the Insect Limestone (Bembridge Marls Member: Bouldnor Formation: Solent Group), Palaeogene, Isle of Wight, southern England
Authors: Munt Martin C. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTMolluscs from the Insect Limestone of the Bembridge Marls Member are described. The gastropodsLymnaea(Galba)longiscata(Brongniart 1810),Planorbarius discus(Edwards 1852),Gyraulus similisFérussac, 1814,Hippeutis headonensisJodot, 1942, Viviparuslentus(Solander 1766) andViviparus angulosus(J. Sowerby 1817) indicate freshwater alkaline conditions. The cerithioid gastropodTarebia acuta(J. Sowerby 1822) probably represent more brackish conditions.Polymesoda(Pseudocyrena)obovata(J. Sowerby 1817) is the only bivalve present. All were potentially washed into the depocentre. Despite a wide outcrop of the Insect Limestone on the Isle of Wight's northwest and northeast coasts, there are no records of molluscs other than from the Gurnard/Thorness Bay area on the northwest coast of the island.
Dragonflies and damselflies (Insecta: Odonata) from the Late Eocene of the Isle of Wight
Authors: Nel André , Fleck Gunther 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe odonatan fauna of the Late Eocene of the Isle of Wight is revised. The following taxa are revised or described: the gomphaeschnidsOligoaeschna?anglicaCockerell & Andrews, 1916 andAnglogomphaeschna eocenicagen. et sp. nov.; the aeshnids ‘Oplonaeschna’vectensisCockerell & Andrews, 1916,Aeschnophlebia andreasiNelet al., 2005,Oligaeschna wedmannisp. nov., and a ‘Gynacanthinae’ species;Neophya legrandisp. nov., first fossil representative of the Cordulephyidae; three undescribed ‘Corduliidae’;Eomacrodiplax incompletagen. et sp. nov., first fossil representative of the Urothemistidae; the second representative of the Palaeogene family Bolcathoridae; a Thaumatoneuridae Dysagrionini species A; the megapodagrionidOligoargiolestes oligocenumKennedy, 1925; the two hypolestidsAnglohypolestes fasciatagen. et sp. nov. andEohypolestes hooleyigen. et sp. nov.; the coenagrionid ‘Enallagma'oligocenaCockerell & Andrews, 1916, and three other undescribed species;Angloprotoneura emilielacroixigen. et sp. nov., first fossil European representative of the damselfly family Protoneuridae; and the lestidLestesaff.reginaThéobald, 1937. This fauna has strong similarities with the Recent Afrotropical and Indo-Malayan Odonata, suggesting a warm palaeoclimate for the Late Eocene of the Isle of Wight. ‘Megalestes’anglicusCockerell, 1915 is a Zygoptera Lestiformia or Coenagrionomorpha of uncertain affinities.
Cross-feeding and interkingdom communication in dual-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans
Authors: Sztajer Helena , Szafranski Szymon P , Tomasch Jürgen , Reck Michael , Nimtz Manfred , Rohde Manfred , Wagner-Döbler Irene 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Polymicrobial biofilms are of large medical importance, but relatively little is known about the role of interspecies interactions for their physiology and virulence. Here, we studied two human pathogens co-occuring in the oral cavity, the opportunistic fungus Candida albicans and the caries-promoting bacterium Streptococcus mutans. Dual-species biofilms reached higher biomass and cell numbers than mono-species biofilms, and the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) by S. mutans was strongly suppressed, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and transcriptome analysis. To detect interkingdom communication, C. albicans was co-cultivated with a strain of S. mutans carrying a transcriptional fusion between a green fluorescent protein-encoding gene and the promoter for sigX, the alternative sigma factor of S. mutans, which is induced by quorum sensing signals. Strong induction of sigX was observed in dual-species biofilms, but not in single-species biofilms. Conditioned media from mixed biofilms but not from C. albicans or S. mutans cultivated alone activated sigX in the reporter strain. Deletion of comS encoding the synthesis of the sigX-inducing peptide precursor abolished this activity, whereas deletion of comC encoding the competence-stimulating peptide precursor had no effect. Transcriptome analysis of S. mutans confirmed induction of comS, sigX, bacteriocins and the downstream late competence genes, including fratricins, in dual-species biofilms. We show here for the first time the stimulation of the complete quorum sensing system of S. mutans by a species from another kingdom, namely the fungus C. albicans, resulting in fundamentally changed virulence properties of the caries pathogen.
Leucine incorporation by aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in the Delaware estuary
Authors: Stegman Monica R , Cottrell Matthew T , Kirchman David L 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic (AAP) bacteria are well known to be abundant in estuaries, coastal regions and in the open ocean, but little is known about their activity in any aquatic ecosystem. To explore the activity of AAP bacteria in the Delaware estuary and coastal waters, single-cell 3H-leucine incorporation by these bacteria was examined with a new approach that combines infrared epifluorescence microscopy and microautoradiography. The approach was used on samples from the Delaware coast from August through December and on transects through the Delaware estuary in August and November 2011. The percent of active AAP bacteria was up to twofold higher than the percentage of active cells in the rest of the bacterial community in the estuary. Likewise, the silver grain area around active AAP bacteria in microautoradiography preparations was larger than the area around cells in the rest of the bacterial community, indicating higher rates of leucine consumption by AAP bacteria. The cell size of AAP bacteria was 50% bigger than the size of other bacteria, about the same difference on average as measured for activity. The abundance of AAP bacteria was negatively correlated and their activity positively correlated with light availability in the water column, although light did not affect 3H-leucine incorporation in light–dark experiments. Our results suggest that AAP bacteria are bigger and more active than other bacteria, and likely contribute more to organic carbon fluxes than indicated by their abundance.
Transcription factor IRF5 drives P2X4R+-reactive microglia gating neuropathic pain
Authors: Masuda Takahiro , Iwamoto Shosuke , Yoshinaga Ryohei , Tozaki-Saitoh Hidetoshi , Nishiyama Akira , Mak Tak W. , Tamura Tomohiko , Tsuda Makoto , Inoue Kazuhide 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn response to neuronal injury or disease, microglia adopt distinct reactive phenotypes via the expression of different sets of genes. Spinal microglia expressing the purinergic P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) after peripheral nerve injury (PNI) are implicated in neuropathic pain. Here we show that interferon regulatory factor-5 (IRF5), which is induced in spinal microglia after PNI, is responsible for direct transcriptional control of P2X4R. Upon stimulation of microglia by fibronectin, IRF5 induced de novo expression of P2X4R by directly binding to the promoter region of the P2rx4 gene. Mice lacking Irf5 did not upregulate spinal P2X4R after PNI, and also exhibited substantial resistance to pain hypersensitivity. Furthermore, we found that expression of IRF5 in microglia is regulated by IRF8. Thus, an IRF8-IRF5 transcriptional axis may contribute to shifting spinal microglia toward a P2X4R-expressing reactive state after PNI. These results may provide a new target for treating neuropathic pain.
Factors Affecting Sensitivity to Frequency Change in School-Age Children and Adults
Authors: Buss Emily , Taylor Crystal N. , Leibold Lori J. 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
The factors affecting frequency discrimination in school-age children are poorly understood. The goal of the present study was to evaluate developmental effects related to memory for pitch and the utilization of temporal fine structure.

Method
Listeners were 5.1- to 13.6-year-olds and adults, all with normal hearing. A subgroup of children had musical training. The task was a 3-alternative forced choice in which listeners identified the interval with the higher frequency tone or the tone characterized by frequency modulation (FM). The standard was 500 or 5000 Hz, and the FM rate was either 2 or 20 Hz.

Results
Thresholds tended to be higher for younger children than for older children and adults for all conditions, although this age effect was smaller for FM detection than for pure-tone frequency discrimination. Neither standard frequency nor modulation rate affected the child/adult difference FM thresholds. Children with musical training performed better than their peers on pure-tone frequency discrimination at 500 Hz.

Conclusions
Testing frequency discrimination using a low-rate FM detection task may minimize effects related to cognitive factors like memory for pitch or training effects. Maturation of frequency discrimination does not appear to differ across conditions in which listeners are hypothesized to rely on temporal cues and place cues.
Effects of Consecutive Wideband Tympanometry Trials on Energy Absorbance Measures of the Middle Ear
Authors: Burdiek Laina M. , Sun Xiao-Ming 
Published: May 2014

Purpose

Wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) is a new technique for assessing middle ear transfer function. It includes energy absorbance (EA) measures and can be acquired with the ear canal pressure varied, known as
wideband tympanometry
(WBTymp). The authors of this study aimed to investigate effects of consecutive WBTymp testing on EA.

Method
Data were collected in 29 young adults with normal hearing and middle ear status. Before and after 8 successive WBTymp runs, EA was also measured at ambient pressure. Subsequently, two 226-Hz tympanometry tests were performed.

Results
EA systematically changed over the WBTymp trials in a frequency-specific manner: increase for low frequencies (below 1.5 kHz) and decrease for high frequencies (around 2 kHz and 5 to 6 kHz). The changes, although small, were significant. Much larger EA changes were measured at ambient pressure. The test–retest difference of 226-Hz tympanogram measures was much smaller than previously reported.

Conclusion

Consecutive tympanometry testing alters EA measures of the middle ear. This phenomenon could be mainly attributed to change in stiffness at the eardrum, called
tympanometric preconditioning
. This also has effects on baseline WBTymp outcomes. This effect should be taken into account as a procedural variable in both research and clinical applications of WAI measurements.
Automated Analysis of Child Phonetic Production Using Naturalistic Recordings
Authors: Xu Dongxin , Richards Jeffrey A. , Gilkerson Jill 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
Conventional resource-intensive methods for child phonetic development studies are often impractical for sampling and analyzing child vocalizations in sufficient quantity. The purpose of this study was to provide new information on early language development by an automated analysis of child phonetic production using naturalistic recordings. The new approach was evaluated relative to conventional manual transcription methods. Its effectiveness was demonstrated by a case study with 106 children with typical development (TD) ages 8–48 months, 71 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ages 16–48 months, and 49 children with language delay (LD) not related to ASD ages 10–44 months.

Method
A small digital recorder in the chest pocket of clothing captured full-day natural child vocalizations, which were automatically identified into consonant, vowel, nonspeech, and silence, producing the average count per utterance (ACPU) for consonant and vowel.

Results
Clear child utterances were identified with above 72% accuracy. Correlations between machine-estimated and human-transcribed ACPUs were above 0.82. Children with TD produced significantly more consonants and vowels per utterance than did other children. Children with LD produced significantly more consonants but not vowels than did children with ASD.

Conclusion
The authors provide new information on typical and atypical language development in children with TD, ASD, and LD using an automated computational approach.