bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucose Control in the Intensive Care Unit by Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring: What Level of Measurement Error Is Acceptable?
Authors: Wilinska Malgorzata E , Hovorka Roman 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Accuracy and frequency of glucose measurement is essential to achieve safe and efficacious glucose control in the intensive care unit. Emerging continuous glucose monitors provide frequent measurements, trending information, and alarms. The objective of this study was to establish the level of accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) associated with safe and efficacious glucose control in the intensive care unit.

METHODS
We evaluated 3 established glucose control protocols [Yale, University of Washington, and Normoglycemia in Intensive Care Evaluation and Surviving Using Glucose Algorithm Regulation (NICE-SUGAR)] by use of computer simulations. Insulin delivery was informed by intermittent blood glucose (BG) measurements or CGM levels with an increasing level of measurement error. Measures of glucose control included mean glucose, glucose variability, proportion of time glucose was in target range, and hypoglycemia episodes.

RESULTS
Apart from the Washington protocol, CGM with mean absolute relative deviation (MARD) ≤15% resulted in similar mean glucose as with the use of intermittent BG measurements. Glucose variability was also similar between CGM and BG-informed protocols. Frequency and duration of hypoglycemia were not worse by use of CGM with MARD ≤10%. Measures of glucose control varied more between protocols than at different levels of the CGM error.

CONCLUSIONS
The efficacy of CGM-informed and BG-informed commonly used glucose protocols is similar, but the risk of hypoglycemia may be reduced by use of CGM with MARD ≤10%. Protocol choice has greater influence on glucose control measures than the glucose measurement method.
Clinical manifestations associated with novel mutations in the coiled-coil domain of STAT1
Authors: Nahum Amit , Dalal Ilan 
Published: October 2014

Monoallelic mutations in STAT1 are associated with a variety of clinical patterns. We studied patients with novel mutations in the coiled-coil domain of STAT1. We found that clinical manifestations can vary from mild Candida infections limited to the oropharyx to serious serial strokes and skin cancer. Autoimmune manifestations were found to be rare and limited to hypothyroidism. Immune evaluations were normal or near normal in all patients with the exception of anergy to Candida. Mutation in the coiled-coil domain results in susceptibility to mucus membrane candidiasis as well as brain vascular anomalies. Statement of novelty: We describe novel mutations in the coiled-coil domain of STAT1.
Bifurcation values and stability of algebras of bounded polynomials
Authors: Kurdyka Krzysztof , Michalska Maria , Spodzieja Stanisław 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
We show a tight relation between bifurcation values of a fixed polynomial f ∈ R[X; Y] and the family of polynomials bounded on a set { x ∈ R2 | f(x) ≤ c}. If g ∈ R[X; Y] is bounded on {x ∈ R2 | f(x) ≤ c}, then it is bounded on the bigger set {x ∈ R2 | f(x) ≤ c̃} with c < c̃ provided that the interval [c; c̃] does not contain any complex bifurcation value at infinity of f.
Families of bitangent planes of space curves and minimal non-fibration families
Authors: Lubbes Niels 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
A cone curve is a reduced sextic space curve which lies on a quadric cone and does not pass through the vertex. We classify families of bitangent planes of cone curves. The methods we apply can be used for any space curve with ADE singularities, though in this paper we concentrate on cone curves.
An embedded complex projective surface which is adjoint to a degree one weak Del Pezzo surface contains families of minimal degree rational curves, which cannot be defined by the fibers of a map. Such families are called minimal non-fibration families. Families of bitangent planes of cone curves correspond to minimal non-fibration families. The main motivation of this paper is to classify minimal non-fibration families.
We present algorithms which compute all bitangent families of a given cone curve and their geometric genus. We consider cone curves to be equivalent if they have the same singularity configuration. For each equivalence class of cone curves we determine the possible number of bitangent families and the number of rational bitangent families. Finally we compute an example of a minimal non-fibration family on an embedded weak degree one Del Pezzo surface.
On deformations of G2-structures by Killing vector fields
Authors: Özdemir Nülifer , Aktay Şirin 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper, vectorial type deformations of a 7-dimensional manifold with structure group G2 are considered. The fundamental 3-form of such a manifold is deformed by a vector field, and the new cross product and the new Levi-Civita covariant derivation of the new metric are obtained in terms of the old ones. An example of a 7-dimensional manifold with structure group G2 which is in the widest class W in the classification of Fernández and Gray is given; this manifold has a nontrivial Killing vector field corresponding to the new metric.
US household deleveraging following the Great Recession – a model-based estimate of equilibrium debt
Authors: Albuquerque Bruno , Baumann Ursel , Krustev Georgi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe balance sheet adjustment in the household sector was a prominent feature of the Great Recession that is widely believed to have held back the cyclical recovery of the US economy. A key question for the US outlook is therefore whether household deleveraging has ended or whether further adjustment is needed. The novelty of this paper is to estimate a time-varying equilibrium household debt-to-income ratio determined by economic fundamentals to examine this question. The paper uses state-level data for household debt from the FRBNY Consumer Credit Panel over the period 1999Q1–2012Q4 and employs the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator developed by Pesaran, Shin, and Smith (1999), adjusted for cross-section dependence. The results support the view that, despite significant progress in household balance sheet repair, household deleveraging still had some way to go as of 2012Q4, as the actual debt-to-income-ratio continued to exceed its estimated equilibrium. The baseline conclusions are rather robust to a set of alternative specifications. Going forward, our model suggests that part of this debt gap could, however, be closed by improving economic conditions rather than only by further declines in actual debt. Nevertheless, the normalisation of the monetary policy stance may imply challenges for the deleveraging process by reducing the level of sustainable household debt.
An Explicitly Decoupled Variational Multiscale Method for Incompressible, Non-Isothermal Flows
Authors: Belenli Mine A. , Kaya Songül , Rebholz Leo G. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
We propose, analyze and test a fully decoupled, but still unconditionally stable and optimally accurate, variational multiscale stabilization (VMS) for incompressible, non-isothermal fluid flows. The VMS stabilization is implemented as a post-processing step, and thus can be used with existing codes. A full numerical analysis of the method is given that proves unconditional stability with respect to the timestep size, and that the method converges optimally in both time and space. Numerical tests are provided that confirm the theoretical results, and test the method on a benchmark problem for Marsigli flow.
Recycling utterances: A speaker's guide to sentence processing
Authors: Dąbrowska Ewa 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing consensus that speakers store large numbers of preconstructed phrases and low-level patterns, even when these can be derived from more abstract constructions, and that ordinary language use relies heavily on such relatively concrete, lexically specific units rather than abstract rules or schemas that apply “across the board”. One of the advantages of such an approach is that it provides a straightforward explanation of how grammar can be learned from the input; and in fact, previous work (e.g. Dąbrowska and Lieven 2005) has demonstrated that the utterances children produce can be derived by superimposing and juxtaposing lexically specific units derived directly from utterances that they had previously experienced. This paper argues that such a “recycling” account can also explain adults' ability to produce complex fluent speech in real time, and explores the implications of such a view for theories of language representation and processing.
Congruences for critical values of higher derivatives of twisted Hasse–WeilL-functions
Authors: Bley Werner , Macias Castillo Daniel 
Published: October 2014

AbstractLetAbe an abelian variety over a number fieldkand letFbe a finite cyclic extension ofkofp-power degree for an odd primep. Under certain technical hypotheses, we obtain a reinterpretation of the equivariant Tamagawa number conjecture (‘eTNC’) forA,F/k$F/k$andpas an explicit family ofp-adic congruences involving values of derivatives of the Hasse–WeilL-functions of twists ofA, normalised by completely explicit twisted regulators. This reinterpretation makes the eTNC amenable to numerical verification and furthermore leads to explicit predictions which refine well-known conjectures of Mazur and Tate.
Variations in Main Flavor Compounds of Freshly Distilled Brandy during the Second Distillation
Authors: Zhao Yuping , Tian Tiantian , Li Jiming , Zhang Baochun , Yu Ying , Wang Yangyang , Niu Hao 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The present study investigated the variations in main flavor compounds of a Chinese brandy during the second distillation process using headspace–solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 97 volatile compounds involving esters, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, furans, benzene derivatives and terpenes were quantified, and 28 components were identified as key ingredients. By monitoring the second distillation process, it was found that most ethyl esters (ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, etc.), alcohols (3-methylbutanol, etc.), terpenes (linalool, etc.), acetaldehyde and ionone all had higher values at the beginning of the distillation, but declined gradually or sharply along with the distillation process. However, two esters (ethyl lactate and diethyl succinate), acids (acetic acid, hexanoic acid), benzene derivatives (2-phenylethanol, etc.) and furan (furfural) showed lower levels when the distillation was just started, and gradually increased, accumulating as a large quantity at the end of the distillation.
Practices and attitudes toward complementary and alternative medicine in inflammatory bowel disease: a survey of gastroenterologists
Authors: Gallinger Zane R. , Nguyen Geoffrey C. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background: Use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is increasingly prevalent among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We sought to characterize the practices and attitudes of IBD physician providers toward CAM.

Methods: A web-based survey was sent to non-trainee physician members of the American Gastroenterological Association with an interest in IBD. The survey included multiple-choice and Likert scale questions which queried physician perceptions of CAM and their willingness to discuss CAM with patients.

Results: The vast majority of respondents (80%) considered themselves IBD subspecialists with 75% holding academic appointments. Nearly a third reported initiating conversations on CAM in the majority of their patient interactions, while 90% perceived that a majority of their patients were reluctant to bring up the topic of CAM. Nearly three quarters (72%) of respondents felt comfortable discussing CAM, while those that did not most frequently cited lack of knowledge as the reason. More than half (55%) stated they had no systematic approach to discussing CAM. Most gastroenterologists (65%) reported no formal training in CAM. Most gastroenterologists had recommended use of probiotics, and nearly half had recommended acupuncture. A vast majority believed that there was adjunctive role for CAM in treatment of IBD.

Conclusions: Academic IBD specialists were receptive to the use of CAM, and most felt that it had a role in the treatment of IBD, without necessarily compromising conventional therapy. Formal educational initiatives and societal recommendations on the use of CAM may facilitate a more systematic approach to its use in daily practice.
Chemistry of early and late transition metallaboranes: synthesis and structural characterization of periodinated dimolybdaborane [(Cp*Mo)2B4H3I5]
Authors: Yuvaraj K. , Roy Dipak Kumar , Arivazhagan C. , Mondal Bijnaneswar , Ghosh Sundargopal 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThermolysis of an in situ generated intermediate [(Cp*Ta)2(BH3)2Cl2],1generated from the reaction of [Cp*TaCl4], (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) and [LiBH4·thf], in presence of [Ru3(CO)12] yieldedpileo-[Cp*TaCl(μ-Cl)-B2H4Ru3(CO)8],2having two electrons fewer than seven pairs required for the observed square pyramidal geometry. Cluster2is the first example of an unsaturated cluster comprising early and late transition metals in a square pyramid core. This reaction also yielded [(Cp*Ta)2(B2H6)(B2H4Cl2)],3as a by-product. In addition, the reaction of [Cp*MoCl4] (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) with [LiBH4.thf] in presence of excess [MeI] at mild condition led to the isolation of periodinated dimolybdatetraborane [(Cp*Mo)2B4H3I5],4that hints a possible existence of [(Cp*Mo)2B4H8]. After the isolation of periodinated4, we extended this chemistry towards the late transition metallaborane [(Cp*Rh)3B4H4],5using [PtBr2] as brominating source. Although all the attempts to isolate perbrominated rhodaborane failed, we have isolated partially brominated rhodaborane clusters [(Cp*Rh)3(BH)-(BBr)3],6and [(Cp*Rh)3(BH)3(BBr)],7. All the compounds were characterized by IR and1H,11B and13C NMR spectroscopy in solution, and the solid-state structures of2,4and6were established by crystallographic analysis.
The Effect of Terrorism on Tourism Demand in the Middle East
Authors: Bassil Charbel 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper uses a seemingly unrelated regression model (SUR) to test the individual effects of domestic and transnational terrorism on tourism demand to Lebanon, Turkey and Israel over the period 1995–2007. Tourism demand is measured by the logarithm of the number of arrivals to each country. Moreover, this paper tests whether tourism depends on the magnitude of the terrorist attacks by disaggregating terrorism into three levels of intensity – low, medium and high. The results show significant own and spillover effects for domestic and transnational terrorism on tourism demand to each of the three selected countries. In addition, the results show that the effect of terrorism on tourism depends on the intensities of the terrorist attacks.
Conflict Spillovers and Growth in Africa
Authors: Dunne J. Paul , Tian Nan 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA number of studies have attempted to evaluate the costs of conflict, but few have evaluated the impact of conflict on country growth. An even more limited number of studies have attempted to evaluate the spillover effects of conflict, with those that have finding clear negative effects on primary neighbors and then positive secondary neighbor effects. There are, however, a number of issues with these studies and this paper updates and develops their analysis using a dynamic panel approach. It confirms the negative sign and magnitude of the previous findings for the host country and primary neighbors, but finds no evidence of any positive or negative effects of conflict on secondary neighbors.
Modeling Potential Future Energy Demand for Turkey in 2034 by Using an Integrated Fuzzy Methodology
Authors: Balin Abit , Baracli Hayri 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Since the decisions made regarding the future include uncertainty for operations, alternative predictions are needed to be developed in such decision-making processes. Accurate forecasting is a great help for companies in making the best decisions in terms of unit commitment, production, and maintenance planning. It is necessary for the companies to have prior foresight of future demand with adequate accuracy. Some data mining algorithms play the greatest role in predicting the demand forecasting. As a regular data-driven method, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are popular in energy forecasting. This paper investigated the application of the adaptive network based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) as a forecasting tool for predicting the energy demand in Turkey. The benefit of the proposed model is forecasting energy needs through the evaluation of ANFIS application using data sets processed with principle component analysis (PCA) and collected from the energy forecast shootout (EFS) and Ministry of Natural Resources Turkey. The results showed that the hybrid ANFIS model based upon fuzzy logic (FL) and ANN performed efficiently in term of forecast accuracy. Thus, it could be regarded as an alternative method in energy forecasting. Finally, the application of ANFIS in a long term energy forecasting was provided, and the results were interpreted.
Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Analyses of 3D Constraint Effects in Single Edge Cracked Plate Specimens
Authors: Ding Ping , Wang Xin 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Extensive finite element analyses have been conducted to obtain numerical solutions of the constraint parameter A, which is the second parameter in a three-term elastic-plastic asymptotic expansion for the crack-tip field for thin three-dimensional (3D) single edge cracked plate specimens under uniaxial and biaxial loading. The 3D crack geometries analyzed included shallow to deep cracks, and the biaxial loading ratios analyzed were 0.0 (uniaxial loading) and 1.0 (biaxial loading). Solutions for the parameter A were obtained for materials following the Ramberg–Osgood power law with hardening exponents of n = 3, 5, and 10. Remote tension loading was applied covering the deformation range from small-scale to large-scale yielding. Crack-front constraint effects for 3D cracked specimens under uniaxial and biaxial loading are analyzed and discussed.
Grommets for Otitis Media With Effusion in Children With Cleft Palate: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kuo Chin-Lung , Tsao Yuan-Heng , Cheng Hao-Min , Lien Chiang-Feng , Hsu Chyong-Hsin , Huang Chii-Yuan , Shiao An-Suey 
Published: October 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
No consensus has yet been reached with regard to the link between otitis media with effusion (OME), hearing loss, and language development in children with cleft palate. The objective of this study was to address the effectiveness of ventilation tube insertion (VTI) for OME in children with cleft palate.

METHODS:
A dual review process was used to assess eligible studies drawn from PubMed, Medline via Ovid, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, and reference lists between 1948 and November 2013. Potentially relevant papers were selected according to the full text of the articles. Relevant data were extracted onto a data extraction sheet.

RESULTS:
Nine high- or moderate-quality cohort studies were included in this study. VTI was administered in 38% to 53% of the OME cases, and more severe cases appeared more likely to undergo VTI. Compared with conservative forms of management (eg, watchful waiting), VTI has been shown to be beneficial to the recovery of hearing in children with cleft palate and OME. A growing body of evidence demonstrates the benefits of VTI in the development of speech and language in children with cleft palate and OME. These children face a higher risk of complications than those undergoing conservative treatments, the most common of which are eardrum retraction and tympanosclerosis, with an incidence of ∼11% to 37%.

CONCLUSIONS:
This review provides evidence-based information related to the selection of treatment for OME in children with cleft palate. Additional randomized controlled trials are required to obtain bias-resistant evidence capable of reliably guiding treatment decisions. The conclusions in this review are based on underpowered cohort studies and very-low-strength evidence.
Transition Care for Children With Special Health Care Needs
Authors: Davis Alaina M. , Brown Rebekah F. , Taylor Julie Lounds , Epstein Richard A. , McPheeters Melissa L. 
Published: October 2014

BACKGROUND:
Approximately 750 000 children in the United States with special health care needs will transition from pediatric to adult care annually. Fewer than half receive adequate transition care.

METHODS:
We had conversations with key informants representing clinicians who provide transition care, pediatric and adult providers of services for individuals with special health care needs, policy experts, and researchers; searched online sources for information about currently available programs and resources; and conducted a literature search to identify research on the effectiveness of transition programs.

RESULTS:
We identified 25 studies evaluating transition care programs. Most (n = 8) were conducted in populations with diabetes, with a smaller literature (n = 5) on transplant patients. We identified an additional 12 studies on a range of conditions, with no more than 2 studies on the same condition. Common components of care included use of a transition coordinator, a special clinic for young adults in transition, and provision of educational materials.

CONCLUSIONS:
The issue of how to provide transition care for children with special health care needs warrants further attention. Research needs are wide ranging, including both substantive and methodologic concerns. Although there is widespread agreement on the need for adequate transition programs, there is no accepted way to measure transition success. It will be essential to establish consistent goals to build an adequate body of literature to affect practice.
Periodontal health of anterior teeth with two types of fixed retainers
Authors: Corbett Andrew I. , Leggitt V. Leroy , Angelov Nikola , Olson Greg , Caruso Joseph M. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To compare the periodontal health of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth retained with two types of fixed retainers.

Materials and Methods:
A fixed straight retainer (SR) group had 39 subjects, and a fixed wave retainer (WR) group had 35 subjects. Subjects were between the ages of 13 and 22 years and had been in fixed retention for 2 to 4 years. Pocket probing depths, bleeding on probing, plaque index, calculus index, recession, and gingival crevicular fluid volume were compared between the two retainer groups. A four-question oral hygiene survey was given to each subject. The Mann-Whitney U-test and Fisher exact test was used to analyze the data.

Results:
There was no clinically significant difference between the retainer groups regarding plaque index, gingival crevicular fluid volume, calculus index, recession, bleeding on probing, and pocket probing depths. A statistically significant increase in the reported frequency of flossing (P  =  .006) and ease of flossing (P &lt; .001) was associated with the WR group. There was no significant difference between the groups in reported frequency of brushing and comfort of the retainer.

Conclusions:
Under the conditions of this study, no clinical difference was found in the periodontal health of anterior teeth retained with a SR or WR for a period of 2 to 4 years. Subjects in the WR group reported an increase in frequency and ease of flossing.