bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reuse Of Clinical Data
Authors: Safran C. 
Published: August 2014

Summary
Objectives: To provide an overview of the benefits of clinical data collected as a by-product of the care process, the potential problems with large aggregations of these data, the policy frameworks that have been formulated, and the major challenges in the coming years.
Methods: This report summarizes some of the major observations from AMIA and IMIA conferences held on this admittedly broad topic from 2006 through 2013. This report also includes many unsupported opinions of the author.
Results: The benefits of aggregating larger and larger sets of routinely collected clinical data are well documented and of great societal benefit. These large data sets will probably never answer all possible clinical questions for methodological reasons. Non-traditional sources of health data that are patient-sources will pose new data science challenges.
Conclusions: If we ever hope to have tools that can rapidly provide evidence for daily practice of medicine we need a science of health data perhaps modeled after the science of astronomy.
What Does Big Data Mean for Wearable Sensor Systems?
Authors: Lovell N. H. , Yang G. Z. , Horsch A. , Lukowicz P. , Murrugarra L. , Marschollek M. , Redmond S. J. 
Published: August 2014

Summary
Objectives:The aim of this paper is to discuss how recent developments in the field of big data may potentially impact the future use of wearable sensor systems in healthcare.
Methods: The article draws on the scientific literature to support the opinions presented by the IMIA Wearable Sensors in Health-care Working Group.
Results: The following is discussed: the potential for wearable sensors to generate big data; how complementary technologies, such as a smartphone, will augment the concept of a wearable sensor and alter the nature of the monitoring data created; how standards would enable sharing of data and advance scientific progress. Importantly, attention is drawn to statistical inference problems for which big datasets provide little assistance, or may hinder the identification of a useful solution. Finally, a discussion is presented on risks to privacy and possible negative consequences arising from intensive wearable sensor monitoring.
Conclusions: Wearable sensors systems have the potential to generate datasets which are currently beyond our capabilities to easily organize and interpret. In order to successfully utilize wearable sensor data to infer wellbeing, and enable proactive health management, standards and ontologies must be developed which allow for data to be shared between research groups and between commercial systems, promoting the integration of these data into health information systems. However, policy and regulation will be required to ensure that the detailed nature of wearable sensor data is not misused to invade privacies or prejudice against individuals.
Big Data in Medicine Is Driving Big Changes
Authors: Verspoor K. , Martin-Sanchez F. 
Published: August 2014

Summary
Objectives: To summarise current research that takes advantage of “Big Data” in health and biomedical informatics applications.
Methods:Survey of trends in this work, and exploration of literature describing how large-scale structured and unstructured data sources are being used to support applications from clinical decision making and health policy, to drug design and pharmacovigilance, and further to systems biology and genetics.
Results: The survey highlights ongoing development of powerful new methods for turning that large-scale, and often complex, data into information that provides new insights into human health, in a range of different areas. Consideration of this body of work identifies several important paradigm shifts that are facilitated by Big Data resources and methods: in clinical and translational research, from hypothesis-driven research to data-driven research, and in medicine, from evidence-based practice to practice-based evidence.
Conclusions: The increasing scale and availability of large quantities of health data require strategies for data management, data linkage, and data integration beyond the limits of many existing information systems, and substantial effort is underway to meet those needs. As our ability to make sense of that data improves, the value of the data will continue to increase. Health systems, genetics and genomics, population and public health; all areas of biomedicine stand to benefit from Big Data and the associated technologies.
Engaging Patients through Mobile Phones: Demonstrator Services, Success Factors, and Future Opportunities in Low and Middle-income Countries
Authors: Hartzler A. , Wetter T. 
Published: August 2014

Summary
Objectives: Evolving technology and infrastructure can benefit patients even in the poorest countries through mobile health (mHealth). Yet, what makes mobile-phone-based services succeed in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) and what opportunities does the future hold that still need to be studied. We showcase demonstrator services that leverage mobile phones in the hands of patients to promote health and facilitate health care.
Methods: We surveyed the recent biomedical literature for demonstrator services that illustrate well-considered examples of mobile phone interventions for consumer health. We draw upon those examples to discuss enabling factors, scalability, reach, and potential of mHealth as well as obstacles in LMIC.
Results: Among the 227 articles returned by a PubMed search, we identified 55 articles that describe services targeting health consumers equipped with mobile phones. From those articles, we showcase 19 as demonstrator services across clinical care, prevention, infectious diseases, and population health. Services range from education, reminders, reporting, and peer support, to epidemiologic reporting, and care management with phone communication and messages. Key achievements include timely adherence to treatment and appointments, clinical effectiveness of treatment reminders, increased vaccination coverage and uptake of screening, and capacity for efficient disease surveillance. We discuss methodologies of delivery and evaluation of mobile-phone-based mHealth in LMIC, including service design, social context, and environmental factors to success.
Conclusion: Demonstrated promises using mobile phones in the poorest countries encourage a future in which IMIA takes a lead role in leveraging mHealth for citizen empowerment through Consumer Health Informatics.
Big Data - Smart Health Strategies
Authors: Thiessard F. , Koutkias V. ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Special Section
Published: August 2014

Summary
Objectives: To select best papers published in 2013 in the field of big data and smart health strategies, and summarize outstanding research efforts.
Methods: A systematic search was performed using two major bibliographic databases for relevant journal papers. The references obtained were reviewed in a two-stage process, starting with a blinded review performed by the two section editors, and followed by a peer review process operated by external reviewers recognized as experts in the field.
Results: The complete review process selected four best papers, illustrating various aspects of the special theme, among them: (a) using large volumes of unstructured data and, specifically, clinical notes from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) for pharmacovigilance; (b) knowledge discovery via querying large volumes of complex (both structured and unstructured) biological data using big data technologies and relevant tools; (c) methodologies for applying cloud computing and big data technologies in the field of genomics, and (d) system architectures enabling high-performance access to and processing of large datasets extracted from EHRs.
Conclusions: The potential of big data in biomedicine has been pinpointed in various viewpoint papers and editorials. The review of current scientific literature illustrated a variety of interesting methods and applications in the field, but still the promises exceed the current outcomes. As we are getting closer towards a solid foundation with respect to common understanding of relevant concepts and technical aspects, and the use of standardized technologies and tools, we can anticipate to reach the potential that big data offer for personalized medicine and smart health strategies in the near future.
Sensor, Signal, and Imaging Informatics: Big Data and Smart Health Technologies
Authors: Moreau-Gaudry A. , Voros S. ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Sensor, Signal and Imaging Informatics
Published: August 2014

Summary
Objectives: This synopsis presents a selection for the IMIA (International Medical Informatics Association) Yearbook 2014 of excellent research in the broad field of Sensor, Signal, and Imaging Informatics published in the year 2013, with a focus on Big Data and Smart Health Technologies
Methods: We performed a systematic initial selection and a double blind peer review process to find the best papers in this domain published in 2013, from the PubMed and Web of Science databases. A set of MeSH keywords provided by experts was used.
Results: Big Data are collections of large and complex datasets which have the potential to capture the whole variability of a study population. More and more innovative sensors are emerging, allowing to enrich these big databases. However they become more and more challenging to process (i.e. capture, store, search, share, transfer, exploit) because traditional tools are not adapted anymore.
Conclusions: This review shows that it is necessary not only to develop new tools specifically designed for Big Data, but also to evaluate their performance on such large datasets.
Masszív lokalizált lymphoedema a mons pubison
Authors: Bognár Gábor , Novák András , István Gábor 
Published: August 2014

Absztrakt
A masszív lokalizált lymphoedema (MLL) a túlsúlyos betegek súlyos kórképe. Az MLL a test egyes részeinek helyi óriási duzzanataként jelentkezik jellegzetes bőrtünetekkel. Az MLL-t „pseudosarcomának” is nevezik a sarcomára jellemző pathologiai és morphologiai megjelenése miatt. Sebészi ellátás nélkül az MLL angiosarcomává alakulhat. Egy 54 éves (BMI: 48,6) férfi beteg kapcsán ismertetjük e ritka, ám a morbid obesitasú betegek között emelkedő tendenciát mutató betegséget.
Point-of-Care Blood Glucose Meter Accuracy in the Hospital Setting
Authors: Klonoff David C. 
Published: August 2014

In Brief
Point-of-care (POC) tests provide analytical information that can be used to make decisions at patients' bedside, as opposed to laboratory tests that must be run at a central laboratory. POC testing is a widely used tool to enable immediate determination of glucose levels in hospitalized patients and facilitate rapid treatment decisions in response to fluctuations in glycemia. Accurate POC glucose testing requires attention to various factors before, during, and after performance of tests. These include 1) proper preparation of test sites to avoid preanalytical errors, 2) proper identification of tested patients whose physiological status permits sampled capillary specimens to correlate with central venous blood glucose levels to avoid analytical errors, and 3) proper documentation of the fidelity of meter results with the medical record to avoid postanalytical errors.
Algebraic approach to non-separable two-dimensional Schrödinger equation: Ground states for polynomial and Morse-like potentials
Authors: Tichý Vladimír , Skála Lubomír , Hudec René 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a direct algebraic method of searching for analytic solutions of the two-dimensional time-independent Schrödinger equation that is impossible to separate into two one-dimensional ones. As examples, two-dimensional polynomial and Morse-like potentials are discussed. Analytic formulas for the ground state wave functions and the corresponding energies are presented. These results cannot be obtained by another known method.
Sensitive quantification of mitochondrial mutation using new Taqman probes
Authors: Truong Hue , Nguyen Van-Anh , Nguyen Hong-Loan , Pham Van-Anh , Phan Tuan-Nghia 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The A3243G mitochondrial mutation is the major cause of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). The severity of the disease is correlated with the heteroplasmy level of the mutation. Here we describe for the first time the validation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay with Taqman locked nucleic acid (LNA) fluorescent (FAM for mutant, HEX for wild type) probes for quantification of heteroplasmy levels in a total of 18 family members from 5 Vietnamese MELAS patients carrying A3243G. Almost no background of FAM signals was detected in normal samples, indicating that the probes were allele-specific. Standard curves indicate sensitive detection at 0.1% mutants and high reliability with R2 > 0.985. The correlation line between measured % mutant and expected % mutant was highly reliable, with a slope of 0.993 and R2 of 0.998. All positive A3243G mutant samples pre-screened by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were confirmed, and their heteroplasmy levels quantified to be from 3.68 to 80.85%. The heteroplasmy levels in patients were higher than in their family members and generally correlated well with the severity of their clinical symptoms. Overall, this work is the first demonstration of the application of LNA probes for sensitive and highly reliable quantification of heteroplasmy levels in human mitochondria.
Post traumatic anterior angulation of the distal tibia following malunion: A case report of management in a resource constrained setting
Authors: Dim EM , Itie JC , Inyang UC , Nwashindi A , Ugbeye ME , Dim UM 
Published: August 2014

Fractures of the shaft of the tibia and fibula are common. Complications are minimal following careful application of principles during treatment by the Orthopaedic Surgeon. However, in our environment, not all patients present to the Orthopaedic Surgeon as they opt for some form of unconventional treatment, usually with the traditional bone setters. Such treatments sometimes lead to clinically unacceptable outcomes. This is a case report of a 42-year old female Nigerian with a 4-year history of post traumatic anterior angulation of the distal right tibia with severely contracted Achilles tendon following traditional bone setter’s treatment for open fractures of the distal tibia and fibula. There was 7 cm of right lower limb shortening and 45 degrees anterior angulation of a tibial malunion. She had a two- stage operation to correct the deformities. Patient achieved a plantigrade foot and fracture union without limb length discrepancy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i1.10198 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(1) 2015 108-111
The Reform in Evaluation System as a Tool of Quality Improvement in Institute of Engineering
Authors: Pahari Bharat Raj 
Published: August 2014

The present day notion is such that technology and technical education is treated as backbone of economy. Earlier understanding of education producing wisdom and building elite society has been changed; education is taken as the means of increasing productivity. This has demanded the quality engineering education that produces human resource capable enough to cope the growing need of the market and yield product of consumers' satisfaction. Institute of Engineering has established as an icon of quality engineering education in Nepal is putting its efforts in increasing its quality in the changing context. Though it is continuous process, IOE has applied some corrective measures to attain effective and efficient output in the institution. This paper is an attempt to shed light on the improvements in the evaluation system (examination) of IOE and analysis of the exam results. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v10i1.10872 Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2014, pp. 1–13
Karnali Cable-Stayed Bridge: Development of Finite Element Model and Free Vibration Analysis
Authors: Shrestha Bipin 
Published: August 2014

This paper describes an analytical investigation on Karnali cable stayed bridge across the Karnali River. The primary objective of the investigation is to develop a three dimensional finite element model capable of representing essential feature of the long span cable-stayed bridge. Various parametric studies on the simple cable-stayed bridge model are performed before the actual development of a complex three dimensional model. Deformed equilibrium configuration due to the dead load is calculated using the cable tension and applied dead loads. Importance of incorporating large displacement geometric nonlinearity during the dead load deformed equilibrium configuration is analyzed .Starting from the deformed equilibrium configuration; modal analysis of the bridge is carried out. Different observed modes are classified based on the dominant modal components. Comparisons of the global modal behavior using the two separate models utilizing different cable modeling techniques are made. Parametric study on effect of cable local vibration and the modeling of deck concrete of the composite deck on overall global modal characteristics is presented. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v10i1.10873Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2014 pp. 14-24
A Note on Feasibility and Optimality of Transportation Problem
Authors: Adhikari Purnima , Thapa Gyan Bahadur 
Published: August 2014

Transportation problem is one of the predominant areas of operations research, widely used as a decision making tool in engineering, business management and many other fields. In this paper, we present a brief literature review of transportation problem with its mathematical models in balanced and unbalanced cases. We report the basic feasible solution and hence the methods to attain optimal solution of the balanced transportation problem. Finally, we describe the primal-dual case of the problem with counter examples. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v10i1.10879Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2014, pp. 59–68
Acardiac twins: A Case Report
Authors: Thapa Babita , Thapa Meena , Manandhar Rosina 
Published: August 2014

Acardiac anomaly is a rare complication of multiple pregnancy. We report a case at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. A 23-year-old multigravida was diagnosed on ultrasonography as having monochorionic monoamniotic twin pregnancy with polyhydramnios and one malformed dead foetus at 18 weeks of gestation. Hence, induction of labor was considered at 36 weeks of gestation. She delivered a macerated male (twin A). Twin B was acardiac with the upper portion consisting of a soft globular mass, the head and upper extremities were absent. The placenta was single. Autopsy revealed absence of heart in twin B. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v3i1.10922 Journal of Kathmandu Medical College Vol. 3, No. 1, Issue 7, Jan.-Mar., 2014, Page: 34-37
Laparoscopic retrieval of displaced copper T: Two case reports
Authors: Bajracharya Anu , Shah Rachana 
Published: August 2014

Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is a widely accepted contraceptive method because of its safety, economic quality, efficiency and reversibility. However, it may cause serious complications like bleeding, uterine perforation and migration to abdominopelvic cavity with perforation or adhesion to adjacent organs or omentum. We report two cases of uterine perforation with copper T insertion that were displaced in the pelvic cavity. In both the cases, IUCD was located by using plain X-rays of abdomen, ultrasonography, and hysteroscopy and finally laparoscopy was performed to identify the location and then remove the IUCD. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v3i1.10923 Journal of Kathmandu Medical College Vol. 3, No. 1, Issue 7, Jan.-Mar., 2014, Page: 38-40
Body Image and Dieting Attitudes: Among Preadolescents
Authors: Bernier Crystal D. , Kozyrskyj Anita L. , Benoit Cecilia , Becker Allan B. , Marchessault Gail 
Published: August 2014

Purpose: Differences in body image and dieting concerns were assessed in preadolescent boys and girls across the body mass index (BMI) spectrum. The hypothesis was that girls would express more concern with body size, report more dieting, and receive more advice than boys.Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, ageappropriate figure drawings, the Children's Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT), the Restraint Scale, and the Body Esteem Scale were administered to participants in the Study of Asthma, Genes and Environment, Manitoba. Responses were compared between genders and correlated with BMI percentiles.Results: A total of 565 10- and 11-year-old children (321 boys) completed questionnaires. Overall, 39% of participants wanted to be thinner, and no significant gender differences based on weight were found. However, the use of figure drawings indicated that girls desired greater changes in body size (p=0.006). Girls had higher Restraint Scale scores (p=0.003), but no statistically significant differences were found in self-reported dieting, ChEAT, or Body Esteem Scale scores. Approximately 25% of children reported receiving frequent weight-related advice. Girls did not report this more often than did boys. Children in the lowest BMI percentile desired the greatest change in body shape and had the highest Restraint Scale scores.Conclusions: Key gender differences underline the importance of understanding children's attitudes toward body image, weight, and dieting.
Exploring Implementation of the Ontario School Food and Beverage Policy at the Secondary-School Level: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Vine Michelle M. , Elliott Susan J. , Raine Kim D. 
Published: August 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the implementation of the Ontario School Food and Beverage Policy (P/PM 150) from the perspective of secondary-school students. Methods: This research, informed by the ANGELO framework, undertook three focus groups with secondary students (n = 20) in 2 school boards representing both high- and low-income neighbourhoods in fall 2012. Focus groups were transcribed verbatim for subsequent analysis. Key themes were generated deductively from the research objectives and inductively as they emerged from transcripts. Results: Perceived impacts of P/PM 150 included high-priced policy-compliant food for sale, lower revenue generation, and food purchased off-campus. Limited designated eating spaces, proximity to external, nonpolicy-compliant food, and time constraints acted as key local level barriers to healthy eating. Conclusions: Pricing strategies are needed to ensure that all students have access to nutritious food, particularly in the context of vulnerable populations. Recognition of the context and culture in which school nutrition policies are being implemented is essential. Future research to explore the role of public health dietitians in school nutrition policy initiatives and how to leverage local resources and stakeholder support in low income, rural and remote populations is needed.