bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EbEST: An Automated Tool Using Expressed Sequence Tags to Delineate Gene Structure
Authors: Jiang Jian , Jacob Howard J. 
Published: June 2013

Large numbers of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) continue to fill public and private databases with partial cDNA sequences. However, using this huge amount of ESTs to facilitate gene finding in genomic sequence imposes a challenge, especially to wet-lab scientists who often have limited computing resources. In an effort to consolidate the information hidden in the vast number of ESTs into a readable and manageable format, we have developed EbEST—a program that automates the process of using ESTs to help delineate gene structure in long stretches of genomic sequence. The EbEST program consists of three functional modules—the first module separates homologous ESTs into clusters and identifies the most informative ESTs within each cluster; the second module uses the informative ESTs to perform gapped alignment and to predict the exon–intron boundary; and the third module generates text file and graphic outputs that illustrate the orientation, exonic structure, and untranslated regions (UTRs) of putative genes in the genomic sequence being analyzed. Evaluation of EbEST with 176 human genes from the ALLSEQ set indicated that it performed in-line with several existing gene finding programs, but was more tolerant to sequencing errors. Furthermore, when EbEST was challenged with query sequences that harbor more than one gene, it suffered only a slight drop in performance, whereas the performance of the other programs evaluated decreased more. EbEST may be used as a stand-alone tool to annotate human genomic sequences with EST-derived gene elements, or can be used in conjunction with computational gene-recognition programs to increase the accuracy of gene prediction.[EbBEST is available athttp://EbEST.ifrc.mcw.edu]
Exponential stability for impulsive Cohen‐Grossberg neural networks with time‐varying delays and distributed delays
Authors: Zheng Cheng‐De , Sun Ri‐Ming , Wang Zhanshan 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology for the existence and global exponential stability of the unique equilibrium point of a class of impulsive Cohen‐Grossberg neural networks.Design/methodology/approachThe authors perform M‐matrix theory and homeomorphism mapping principle to investigate a class of impulsive Cohen‐Grossberg networks with time‐varying delays and distributed delays. The approach builds on new sufficient criterion without strict conditions imposed on self‐regulation functions.FindingsThe authors' approach results in new sufficient criteria easy to verify but without the usual assumption that the activation functions are bounded and the time‐varying delays are differentiable. An example shows the effectiveness and superiority of the obtained results over some previously known results.Originality/valueThe novelty of the proposed approach lies in removing the usual assumption that the activation functions are bounded and the time‐varying delays are differentiable, and the use of M‐matrix theory and homeomorphism mapping principle for the existence and global exponential stability of the unique equilibrium point of a class of impulsive Cohen‐Grossberg neural networks.
Impact of bundling of ICT services on regulation
Authors: García Zaballos Antonio 
Published: June 2013

PurposeOperators are launching bundles of services to retain customers and improve ARPU but regulators and competition authorities need to ensure fair competition. The objectives of this article are to present the reasonability of ex‐ante and ex‐post intervention and the methodologies and imputation test that might be considered by national regulatory agencies (NRAs) and national competition authorities (NCAs) to guarantee effective competition.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology from a regulatory standpoint consists of analyzing the impact that margin squeeze might have on the level of competition. It is based on estimating how costs and retail prices will evolve over time. The methodology aims to predict how margins will evolve taking into consideration the number of subscribers and network costs.FindingsThe increasing number of convergent offers, the roll out of new technologies that allows the commercialization of new services and applications and the transformation in the access network means that the methodology used by the NRAs/NCAs to analyze the offers of vertically integrated operators should be revised.Originality/valueThe paper highlights the need for a new methodology to assess anti‐competitive behavior arising from bundling and identifies factors that should be taken into account.
A cultural transferability on IT business application: iReservation system
Authors: Nabil Almunawar Mohammad , Susanto Heru , Anshari Muhammad 
Published: June 2013

Purpose
– The emergence of innovative internet-based reservation systems (iReservation systems) is threatening the sustainability of retail travel agencies (TAs) in Brunei Darussalam. With the friendliness and convenience offered by iReservation systems, many customers nowadays prefer to book their tickets and accommodations online. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of iReservation systems on TAs in Brunei Darussalam. In other words, the authors are interested to find out how TAs and customers react to iReservation systems.

Design/methodology/approach
– To fulfil this objective, surveys were conducted on both the responses from TAs and their customers regarding iReservation systems in Brunei Darussalam.

Findings
– Most individual customers prefer to book their tickets and accommodations through iReservation systems. However, government and corporate customers still prefer to book tickets and accommodation by TAs. Most TAs are affected by iReservation systems either negatively or positively, depending on how TAs respond with their sustaining strategies such as segmentation, targeting and positioning in the market.

Originality/value
– It is clear that without proper strategies in facing turbulent changes in the tourism industry, eventually traditional TAs will be disintermediated.
EMIR: an overview of the new framework
Authors: Aron Tim , Lalone Nathaniel , Jackson Carolyn 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, known as EMIR, adopted on July 4, 2012 as the Regulation on OTC Derivatives, Central Counterparties and Trade Repositories.Design/methodology/approachThe paper explains EMIR's clearing and reporting requirements, who is within the scope of those requirements, who is a financial and non‐financial counterparty, the clearing thresholds, the clearing and reporting obligations, when those obligations will begin, the risk mitigation obligations, and a range of potential questions anyone trading in OTC derivatives should consider.FindingsEMIR requires that all standardized OTC derivatives contracts be cleared through a central counterparty and reported to a trade repository.Originality/valueThe paper provides practical guidance by experienced financial services lawyers.
Innovative winemaking: consumer acceptance of red table wines
Authors: Bonatto Machado de Castilhos Maurício , Gonçalves Cattelan Marília , Carolina Conti‐Silva Ana , Luiz Del Bianchi Vanildo 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate the consumer acceptance of Bordô and Isabel wines from innovative winemaking in order to increase red wine consumption by consumers to obtain nutritional benefits.Design/methodology/approachAll wines were produced by a standard procedure of vinification. Pre‐drying treatment aimed at drying the grapes up to 22°Brix and static pomace wines presented the constant contact between the must and pomace. Sensory acceptance was carried out by 80 consumers who evaluated eight samples (six experimental wines and two commercial wines) concerning the attributes: appearance, aroma, body, flavor and overall acceptance.FindingsExperimental wines presented higher acceptance when compared to commercial wines and cluster analysis shows the splitting of consumer preferences, highlighting the higher acceptance of traditional Bordô wine and static pomace samples in all sensory attributes. Pre‐drying process enhances the concentration of coloured compounds, to highlight the appearance acceptance of these samples.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough this paper has limited the consumer acceptance of red table wines, the innovative treatments will be applied in Vitis vinifera red wines.Practical implicationsThe wide acceptance of static pomace and pre‐drying wines has promoted further information about innovative winemaking that can be applied in Brazilian and worldwide wineries.Social implicationsThe innovative treatments can change sensorial features of wines and therefore influence the choice of consumers as well as enhancing the nutritional benefits of red wines.Originality/valueThe pre‐drying and static pomace winemaking are the novelty of this study and the wide acceptance of the sensory attributes concerning these treatments indicates the potential for application in wineries.
The effect of pectinase enzyme on some quality attributes of a Nigerian mango juice
Authors: Adelakun O.E. , Metcalfe D. , Tshabalala P. , Stafford B. , Oni B. 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThis study aims to focus on the use of pectinase enzymes for producing clarified mango juice with blend of orange juice and to evaluate some of its quality attributes.Design/methodology/approachMango pulp was incubated at 60oC for 1 hr to destroy natural enzymes present in the juice. Prepared mango pulp and separately prepared orange juice were formulated into various mixes in the ratio mango:orange (v/v) 100:0, 50:50 and 0:100. A portion of the mango pulp or the one with equal volume of orange was then treated with 0.1 per cent (v/w) pectinase enzymes at 40oC for 24 hrs. All the treated and untreated mixes were separately packed inside a bottle and pasteurized at 80oC for 10 mins. Samples were analyzed using methods reported in the literature for some chemical and sensory properties.FindingsFrom this project work, the use of enzyme (pectinase) in juice production from mango was found beneficial and profitable since it increases the yield of juice extracted. A blend of mango and orange juice which was processed with enzyme was found not to be significantly different from orange juice in terms of sweetness, appearance, flavour and general acceptability.Originality/valueThe paper has demonstrated effect of pectinase enzymes in the production of clarified mango juice with blend of orange juice and its acceptability.
Nutritional quality evaluation of non‐netted muskmelon fruit during its development and ripening
Authors: Menon Soumya V. , Ramana Rao T.V. 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the sweetness and antioxidant profile‐based nutritional quality of non‐netted orange fleshed muskmelon (cv Maduri) fruit during its development and ripening.Design/methodology/approachThe important nutritional quality determining parameters like sugars, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, phenolics and total antioxidant activity were quantitatively analyzed at five sequential stages of development and ripening of muskmelon. The activities of sugar metabolizing enzymes such as sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase were evaluated. Further, antioxidant enzymes like peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and superoxide dismutase which played a significant role in scavenging reactive oxygen species were also assayed.FindingsThe results of the present study demonstrated that the sugars got accumulated in high amount in the ripened muskmelon fruit, indicating it as a high sucrose accumulating genotype. However, sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase exhibited inconsistency in their activities. Phenolics also got accumulated initially with their maximum quantity in the pre‐ripened stage, but thereafter they decreased. Superoxide dismutase and polyphenol oxidase exhibited a progressive synergetic relationship of scavenging of reactive oxygen species with the development and ripening of fruit.Originality/valueThis study revealed that non‐netted muskmelon is a nutritionally rich fruit with significant accumulation of antioxidants and having an added potential source of sweetness.
Determination of lead residue levels in raw milk from different regions of Mashhad (north‐east of Iran) by AAS method
Authors: Nikpooyan Hosein , Mohamadi Sani Ali , Zavezad Nafise 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe aim of this study was to test the presence of lead in raw milk from different regions of Mashhad (north‐east of Iran) through atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS).Design/methodology/approachA total of 60 samples of raw cow's milk were collected from the bulk holding tanks of 20 dairy farms of Mashhad and analysed immediately.FindingsThe mean level of lead content was 4.07 ng/ml, with a range from 0.02 to 44 ng/ml and a standard deviation of 7.54 ng/ml. The Pb concentration of one sample exceeded 20 ng/ml (maximum concentration accepted by Codex). Lead residue in 70 per cent of the samples was below 5 ng/ml and the Pb concentration in 10, 9.18 and 9.18 per cent of the samples was, respectively, in the range of 5‐10, 10‐15 and 15‐20 ng/ml. The results obtained for limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) in μgkg−1 were, respectively, 0.65 and 2.1 while for the recovery 94.47 per cent.Social implicationsThe results reduce the public concern about lead contamination in milk in this region.Originality/valueNo research had been done to detect lead residue in raw milk in this region. Milk is not a major source for lead poisoning in Mashhad.
Dietitians as entrepreneurs
Authors: Blades Mabel 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the role of dietitians who work as entrepreneurs.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses examination of websites for professional dietitians, relevant literature and discussions with dietitians who work as entrepreneurs.FindingsDietitians in the USA are well established as entrepreneurs. The role is also established in the UK. There appear to be increasing opportunities for entrepreneurial dietitians.Research limitations/implicationsThis is an examination of existing information in websites and publications, not an original survey.Practical implicationsDietitians could consider entrepreneurial opportunities as a career.Social implicationsDietitians have skills that could benefit both individuals and organisations. Offering these by entrepreneurial activities could provide positive benefits.Originality/valueThere appear to be few articles in the UK on entrepreneurial dietetics.
Chiasmatic interpretative communities: an innovative methodology
Authors: Billany Ruth 
Published: June 2013

PurposeQualitative social research strives to deepen our understanding of aspects of everyday human life and the narrative metaphor of people living storied lives is re‐created in the focus group method. The purpose of this paper is to propose an innovative methodology for social research, that is, chiasmatic interpretative communities (CIC).Design/methodology/approachThe importance of evidence‐based research to inform future social policy and practice depends on trustworthy information and the chosen research design or methodology must fit the purpose. The strengths and limitations of the focus group method are critically evaluated. Potential issues of accuracy during analysis are resolved by informing the interpretation of the discourse with experts from the community.FindingsChiasmatic interpretative communities offer a re‐imagined synthesis of a repeated focus group approach, with community experts as interpreters.Research limitations/implicationsThis blurs two methodological boundaries to enhance academic rigor. They are, the temporal blurring of linear sequential phases in research design (data collection and then data analysis) and the spatial blurring of power relations within the researcher:participant dyad.Practical implicationsThis transformative methodology is described from a pragmatist standpoint within an evaluative framework.Social implicationsThis innovative methodology potentially provides an emic perspective to inform social policy decisions. It aims to bring participants into the research process that might shape their future social services.Originality/valueA final section discusses the foresight of CIC and describes the bricolage of this critical qualitative research methodology.
Bradshaw mania: battle of the reprints
Authors: Duckett Bob 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and evaluate the numerous reprints recently published of the work of George Bradshaw.Design/methodology/approachAn account is given of how various publishers have handled the reprint process, and how their publications compare, both with the originals and with each other.FindingsPublishers of reprints have taken a number of different approaches. While editing and re‐formatting can add value, publishers have not always been careful to document what is original and what they have added, resulting in some confusion. More could be done to improve appeal.Originality/valueWith the shift from photo‐reproduction to digital scanning, there are new possibilities for reprinting classic texts, though few publishers have taken advantage of these. The popularity of transport history and heritage issues, particularly with media tie‐ins, opens up new publishing possibilities.
Geographic variation and local adaptation in Oryza rufipogon across its climatic range in China
Authors: Zhou Wen , Wang Zhixiu , Davy Anthony J. , Liu Guihua 
Published: June 2013

Summary

Variation in plant functional traits and demographic behaviour in populations of widely distributed species on geographic gradients may be key to understanding their geographic range limits. Oryza rufipogon, a wild progenitor of rice, occurs in discrete wetland populations over a wide latitudinal range in China.

We examined correlations between plant functional traits, latitude, longitude and climatic variables in 34 populations of O. rufipogon across its northern range limit. We also investigated the responses of individuals from all populations after transplantation to two experimental gardens: one north of its range and the other in the extreme south.

Seed mass in the field was positively correlated with latitude and longitude, whereas flag‐leaf area was negatively correlated with latitude; both effects could be explained largely as a response to temperature. Transplantation revealed that both plasticity and population differentiation contributed to geographic variation. All populations reproduced and overwintered in the southern garden, but in the northern garden, only populations from the northern range were able to reproduce (65%) and survive the winter (58%).

Synthesis: Environmentally determined variation in plant functional traits is complex, with both plastic trade‐offs between traits and genetic differentiation between populations contributing to the location of the northern limit of Oryza rufipogon.
Vomeronasal organ lesion disrupts social odor recognition, behaviors and fitness in golden hamsters
Authors: LIU Yingjuan , ZHANG Jinhua , LIU Dingzhen , ZHANG Jianxu 
Published: June 2013

AbstractMost studies support the viewpoint that the vomeronasal organ has a profound effect on conspecific odor recognition, scent marking and mating behavior in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). However, the role of the vomeronasal organ in social odor recognition, social interaction and fitness is not well understood. Therefore, we conducted a series of behavioral and physiological tests to examine the referred points in golden hamster. We found that male hamsters with vomeronasal organ lesion showed no preference between a predator odor (the anal gland secretion of the Siberian weasels (Mustela sibirica) and putative female pheromone components (myristic acid and palmitic acid), but were still able to discriminate between these 2 kinds of odors. In behavioral tests of anxiety, we found that vomeronasal organ removal causes female hamsters to spend much less time in center grids and to cross fewer center grids and males to make fewer crossings between light and dark boxes than sham‐operated controls. This indicates that a chronic vomeronasal organ lesion induced anxious responses in females. In aggressive behavioral tests, we found that a chronic vomeronasal organ lesion decreased agonistic behavior in female hamsters but not in males. The pup growth and litter size show no differences between the 2 groups. All together, our data suggested that vomeronasal organ ablation disrupted the olfactory recognition of social chemosignals in males, and induced anxiety‐like and aggressive behavior changes in females. However, a vomeronasal organ lesion did not affect the reproductive capacity and fitness of hamsters. Our studies may have important implications concerning the role of the vomeronasal organ in golden hamsters and also in rodents.
The validation of the self‐report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for use by 6‐ to 10‐year‐old children in the UK
Authors: Curvis Will , McNulty Susannah , Qualter Pamela 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveTo examine the factor structure of the self‐report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for data from a sample of British children aged 6–10 years.MethodThe self‐report SDQ was administered to 900 children aged 6–10 years via interviews with trained counsellors.ResultsConfirmatory and exploratory factor analyses showed that a two‐factor solution comprising ‘externalizing and peer problems’ and ‘internalizing problems’ fit the data well for both the 6‐ to 7‐ and 8‐ to 10‐year‐old samples. The factors were correlated in both samples.ConclusionsChildren between 6 and 10 years of age provided meaningful SDQ data. The identified two‐factor model maps broadly onto the constructs of externalizing and internalizing behaviour.Practitioner points
The findings suggest that children in the United Kingdom younger than 11 years of age are able to complete the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), providing practitioners with a picture of a child's insight and understanding of their problems.
The findings show that, with children aged 6–10 years, the self‐report SDQ provides information about two factors that map broadly onto the constructs of externalizing and internalizing behaviour.
This study is the first in the United Kingdom to examine the self‐report SDQ in young children, adding weight to an emerging literature base.
To support understanding in very young children, the self‐report SDQ should to be delivered via interview, so that self‐descriptions are appropriate to the child's developmental level.