bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Multipurpose, Universal Adhesives on Resin Bonding to Zirconia Ceramic
Authors: Kim J-H , Chae S-Y , Lee Y , Han G-J , Cho B-H 
Published: August 2014

SUMMARY
This study evaluated the effects of single-bottle, multipurpose, universal adhesives on the bond strength of resin cement to zirconia ceramic. Polished zirconia ceramic (Cercon base) discs were randomly divided into four groups (n=40) according to the applied surface-conditioning agent: Single Bond 2, Single Bond Universal, All-Bond Universal, and Alloy Primer. Cured composite cylinders (Ø 0.8 mm × 1 mm) were cemented to the conditioned zirconia specimens with resin cement (RelyX ARC). The bonded specimens were subjected to a microshear bond-strength test after 24 hours of water storage and after 10,000 cycles of thermocycling. The surface-conditioning agent significantly influenced the bond strength (p&lt;0.05). Single Bond Universal showed the highest initial bond strength (37.7 ± 5.1 MPa), followed by All-Bond Universal (31.3 ± 5.6 MPa), Alloy Primer (26.9 ± 5.1 MPa), and Single Bond 2 (8.5 ± 4.6 MPa). Artificial aging significantly reduced the bond strengths of all the test groups (p&lt;0.05). After 10,000 cycles of thermocycling, All-Bond Universal showed the highest bond-strength value (26.9 ± 6.4 MPa). Regardless of artificial aging, Single Bond Universal and All-Bond Universal showed significantly higher bond strengths than Alloy Primer, a conventional metal primer.
Effectiveness of Exercise Therapy in Treatment of Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Clijsen Ron , Fuchs Janine , Taeymans Jan 
Published: August 2014

Background and Purpose
This systematic review and meta-analysis was accomplished to determine whether exercise therapy is an effective intervention to reduce pain and patient-reported measures of activity limitations and participation restrictions (PRMALP) in patients with patellofemoral pain.

Data Sources and Study Selection
Randomized controlled trials in English and German languages published in the MEDLINE, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Cochrane databases were searched. Eligibility was assessed in 2 stages. The methodological quality of the studies was rated using the PEDro scale. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis, allowing for variability among studies. For clinical use, overall estimates were re-expressed in the original visual analog scale scores. Significance was set at 5%.

Data Extraction and Data Synthesis
Fifteen studies, with a total of 748 participants, were included and pooled for the meta-analysis. Six studies compared the effect of exercise therapy with a control group receiving neither exercise therapy nor another intervention. Four studies compared the effect of exercise therapy versus additive therapy, and 5 studies compared different exercise interventions. In both comparisons, exercise therapy resulted in strong pain reduction and improvement of PRMALP effects. Significant short-term effects (≤12 weeks) of exercise therapy were found for pain and PRMALP, whereas long-term effects (≥26 weeks) were observed for PRMALP only.

Limitations and Conclusion
The 15 studies included in this analysis were of variable quality. Large-scale, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to further the evaluation of the possible effects of different exercise therapy modalities on patellofemoral pain. This meta-analysis presents evidence that exercise therapy has a strong pain-reducing effect and decreases PRMALP in patients with patellofemoral pain. However, the question of which exercise modality yields the strongest reducing effect on pain and PRMALP remains unanswered.
Integrating Spanish Language Training Across a Doctor of Physical Therapy Curriculum: A Case Report of One Program’s Evolving Model
Authors: Pechak Celia , Diaz Deborah , Dillon Loretta 
Published: August 2014

Background and Purpose
As the Hispanic population continues to expand in the United States, health professionals increasingly may encounter people who speak Spanish and have limited English proficiency. Responding to these changes, various health profession educators have incorporated Spanish language training into their curricula. Of 12 doctor of physical therapy (DPT) programs identified as including elective or required Spanish courses, the program at The University of Texas at El Paso is the only one integrating required Spanish language training across the curriculum. The purpose of this case report is to describe the development, implementation, and preliminary outcomes of the evolving educational model at The University of Texas at El Paso.

Case Description
The University of Texas at El Paso is situated immediately across the border from Mexico. Responding to the large population with limited English proficiency in the community, faculty began to integrate required Spanish language training during a transition from a master-level to a DPT curriculum. The Spanish language curriculum pillar includes a Spanish medical terminology course, language learning opportunities threaded throughout the clinical courses, clinical education courses, and service-learning. Forty-five DPT students have completed the curriculum.

Outcomes
Assessment methods were limited for early cohorts. Clinically relevant Spanish verbal proficiency was assessed with a practical examination in the Spanish course, a clinical instructor–rated instrument, and student feedback. Preliminary data suggested that the model is improving Spanish language proficiency.

Discussion
The model still is evolving. Spanish language learning opportunities in the curriculum are being expanded. Also, problems with the clinical outcome measure have been recognized. Better definition of intended outcomes and validation of a revised tool are needed. This report should promote opportunities for collaboration with others who are interested in linguistic competence.
A Pilot Study Examining the Effects of Tolvaptan on Residual Renal Function in Peritoneal Dialysis for Diabetics
Authors: Hiramatsu Takeyuki , Hobo Akinori , Hayasaki Takahiro , Kabu Koki , Furuta Shinji 
Published: August 2014

Background For patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) serves as a possible renal replacement therapy. However, most PD patients, particularly those with ESRD and diabetes mellitus, reportedly discontinue PD early, resulting in shorter survival periods and poorer prognosis because of overhydration. Recently, the vasopressin-2 receptor antagonist tolvaptan was approved for volume control in patients with heart failure. The present study aimed to identify the effects of tolvaptan in diabetic PD patients. Methods In this pilot study, the tolvaptan group ( n = 12) were treated with 15 mg/day of tolvaptan 2 weeks after PD initiation and were prospectively analyzed for 1 year, and patients in the control group ( n = 12) did not receive tolvaptan and were retrospectively analyzed for 1 year. In addition to the biochemical tests, echocardiograms, serum atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, peritoneal Kt/V, and creatinine clearance (CCr) were examined at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after PD initiation. Results In the control group, the urine volume, renal Kt/V, and renal CCr levels consistently decreased; however, these parameters were stably maintained during the study period in the tolvaptan group. Atrial natriuretic peptide, CRP levels and the left ventricular mass index of the tolvaptan-treated group were significantly lower than those in the control group, whereas total protein and albumin levels were significantly higher at 6 and 12 months in the tolvaptan group. There were no obvious adverse effects. Conclusions These data suggest that tolvaptan may preserve residual renal function and improve volume control in PD patients with diabetes mellitus.
Endovascular Management of Ureteroarterial Fistula: A Rare Potentially Life Threatening Cause of Hematuria
Authors: Copelan Alexander , Chehab Monzer , Cash Charles , Korman Howard , Dixit Purushottam 
Published: August 2014

Ureteroarterial fistula is a rare, potentially life-threatening cause of hematuria characterized by an abnormal channel between a ureter and artery. The rarity of this condition, complexity of predisposing risk factors and intermittence of symptoms may delay or obscure its diagnosis. With a high index of suspicion and careful angiographic evaluation, embarking on this condition is not only possible but sets the stage for curative intervention. We report a case of a ureteroarterial fistula presenting with intermittent hematuria, successfully diagnosed at angiography and managed with endovascular stent graft placement.
Geometric and dosimetric evaluation for breast and regional nodal auto‐segmentation structures
Authors: Tsui Tiffany , Podgorsak Alexander , Roeske John C. , Small William , Refaat Tamer , Kang Hyejoo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) generated contours for intact‐breast and post‐mastectomy radiotherapy plans was evaluated. Geometric and dosimetric comparisons were performed between auto‐contours (ACs) and manual‐contours (MCs) produced by physicians for target structures.Breast and regional nodal structures were manually delineated on 66 breast cancer patients. ACs were retrospectively generated. The characteristics of the breast/post‐mastectomy chestwall (CW) and regional nodal structures (axillary [AxN], supraclavicular [SC], internal mammary [IM]) were geometrically evaluated by Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), mean surface distance, and Hausdorff Distance. The structures were also evaluated dosimetrically by superimposing the MC clinically delivered plans onto the ACs to assess the impact of utilizing ACs with target dose (Vx%) evaluation.Positive geometric correlations between volume and DSC for intact‐breast, AxN, and CW were observed. Little or anti correlations between volume and DSC for IM and SC were shown. For intact‐breast plans, insignificant dosimetric differences between ACs and MCs were observed for AxNV95% (p = 0.17) and SCV95% (p = 0.16), while IMNV90% ACs and MCs were significantly different. The average V95% for intact‐breast MCs (98.4%) and ACs (97.1%) were comparable but statistically different (p = 0.02). For post‐mastectomy plans, AxNV95% (p = 0.35) and SCV95% (p = 0.08) were consistent between ACs and MCs, while IMNV90% was significantly different. Additionally, 94.1% of AC‐breasts met ΔV95% variation <5% when DSC > 0.7. However, only 62.5% AC‐CWs achieved the same metrics, despite AC‐CWV95% (p = 0.43) being statistically insignificant.The AC intact‐breast structure was dosimetrically similar to MCs. The AC AxN and SC may require manual adjustments. Careful review should be performed for AC post‐mastectomy CW and IMN before treatment planning. The findings of this study may guide the clinical decision‐making process for the utilization of AI‐driven ACs for intact‐breast and post‐mastectomy plans. Before clinical implementation of this auto‐segmentation software, an in‐depth assessment of agreement with each local facilities MCs is needed.
Stimulation‐Reinforced Cellulose–Protein Ionogels with Superior Mechanical Strength and Temperature Resistance
Authors: Li Xin , Jiang Haibo , Zhang Yang , Long Qian , Jiang Geyuan , Zeng Suqing , Zhou Jianfei , Zhao Dawei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIonogels, recognized for their flexibility and ionic conductivity, show considerable promise across various applications including electronic skins, biomedical electronics, and smart robotics. However, the majority of ionogels are plagued by suboptimal mechanical strength, a restricted range of operating temperatures, and poor recyclability. Here, an acetone‐stimulated supramolecular reinforcement strategy to develop robust and environmentally tolerant ionogels is introduced. The bio‐based ionogels feature a firm supramolecular architecture formed by the entwining of soybean protein molecules around cellulose macromolecular chains. This coiled design, inspired by cucumber vines, endows the ionogels with remarkable tensile strength (>30 MPa), enables them to withstand temperature above 85 °C with tensile strength over 15 MPa, and maintains notable cold resistance down to −20 °C with tensile strength exceeding 10 MPa. Further, the bio‐based ionogels exhibit excellent recyclability, reprocessing capabilities, shape customizability, good biocompatibility, and full biodegradability. This study provides a valuable strategy for manipulating supramolecular conformation to create robust ionogels that overcome the traditional trade‐offs of high strength and environmental tolerance.
Triboelectric Nanogenerators Using Recycled Disposable Medical Masks for Water Wave Energy Harvesting
Authors: Liang Xi , Liu Zhirong , Han Kai , Liu Shijie , Xie Yaxuan , Jiang Tao , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the current daily life of people, the usage for disposable medical masks (DMMs) continues to be high. Discarded DMMs eventually become plastic pollution, threatening the marine environment seriously. At present, the common plastic recycling methods are extensive and not completely applicable for DMM recycling. In this work, according to the special structural and material characteristics of DMMs, a simple and effective recycling solution is proposed based on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). First, a pulsed electric field system is designed and fabricated to treat the recycled films. The sterilizing rate reaches 91.8%, and the film surface potential is enhanced at the same time. Then, the feasibility of the treated films to be applied as the friction layers of TENGs is verified. Moreover, the recycled films are upgraded by chemical and physical methods, improving the output current of the basic TENG by 3.28 times. Finally, a complete TENG device is constructed to harvest water wave energy, 93.75% of which is made from recycled DMM materials. Under water waves, the power density of 18.22 W m−3 is achieved. Starting from TENG technology, this study combines circular economy and clean energy development, which is of significance for carbon neutralization.
Microrobots Enhancing Synthetic Chemistry Reactions in Non‐Aqueous Media
Authors: Jancik‐Prochazkova Anna , Jancik Jan , Palacios‐Corella Mario , Pumera Martin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCatalysis is a foundational pillar of modern synthetic chemistry, essential for countless industrial processes. Traditional catalysts are often static, either immobilized or dispersed in fluid media. The innovative concept of catalytic microrobots allows the introduction of self‐propelled and navigable catalyst particles that are engineered for dynamic and customizable catalysis. Catalytic microrobots are microscale devices with the inherent ability to move and swarm, designed to execute complex tasks in diverse environments, including biomedicine, and environmental remediation. Typically confined to aqueous media, their use in synthetic chemical reactions remains largely unexplored. Here, microrobots are presented as adaptable self‐propelled, self‐mixing micro‐catalysts for the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation, a key industrial process. Zeolite microstructures are tailored, outfitted with magnetic nanoparticles to create zeolite‐based microrobots (ZeoBOTs) that are maneuverable in magnetic fields. Uniquely, these ZeoBOTs are not limited to water but can operate in organic solvents, facilitating the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation in non‐aqueous conditions. Comparative analysis with static ZeoBOTs reveals that the dynamic, “on‐the‐fly” movement of the microrobots significantly enhances reaction yields. The findings herald a new era for synthetic chemistry, demonstrating the potential of microrobots as versatile catalysts beyond aqueous systems, and setting the stage for their broader application in synthetic processes.
Hollow Fe‐Doped Ni(OH)2–NiS@Ni(OH)2 Nanorod Array with Regulated Heterostructural Interface and Band Structure for Expediting Alkaline Electrocatalytic Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Shi Ruidong , Li Yuanting , Xu Xiaoxin , Wang Xue , Zhou Gongbing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAiming to efficiently expedite alkaline overall water splitting (OWS) by addressing challenges such as sluggish kinetics and limited stability, a hollow Fe‐doped Ni(OH)2‐NiS@Ni(OH)2 nanorod array with surface nanosheets is devised, featuring a high‐index Fe‐doped Ni(OH)2(101)‐NiS(211) heterostructural interface and an upshifted d‐band center. This nanoarchitecture intensifies the adsorption and interaction of H2O and OH− reactants on the electrocatalyst surface, suitably bonds the *H intermediate in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and accelerates electron movement of *H, minimizes the energy requirement of the rate‐limiting phase (*OH → *O) in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by facilitating O─H cleavage of *OH and optimally adsorbs *O, amplifies the exposure of surface‐active centers, and ultimately reduces the apparent activation energy. Consequently, the overpotentials are as low as 66.4 mV (HER) and 254.9 mV (OER) at 10 mA cm−2, alongside high turnover frequencies of 142 s−1 (H2) and 279 s−1 (O2) at 100 and 300 mV, respectively, markedly outperforming direct‐electrodeposited analogues. When functioning as a bifunctional electrode in OWS, this material merely requires 1.57 V at 10 mA cm−2 and sustains an operation for 168 h, approaching Pt/C||RuO2 benchmark.
Probing the Topological Effects on Stability Enhancement and Therapeutic Performance of Protein Bioconjugates: Tadpole, Macrocycle versus Figure‐of‐Eight
Authors: Liu Yajie , Tian Xibao , Zhang Fan , Zhang Wen‐Bin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChemical topology provides a unique dimension for making therapeutic protein bioconjugates with native structure and intact function, yet the effects of topology remain elusive. Herein, the design, synthesis, and characterization of therapeutic protein bioconjugates in three topologies (i.e., tadpole, macrocycle, and figure‐of‐eight), are reported. The interferon α2b (IFN) and albumin binding domain (ABD) are selected as the model proteins for bioconjugation and proof‐of‐concept. The biosynthesis of these topological isoforms is accomplished via direct expression in cells using SpyTag‐SpyCatcher chemistry and/or split‐intein‐mediated ligation for topology diversification. The corresponding topologies are proven with combined techniques of LC‐MS, SDS‐PAGE, and controlled proteolytic digestion. While the properties of these topological isoforms are similar in most cases, the figure‐of‐eight‐shaped bioconjugate, f8‐IFN‐ABD, exhibits the best thermal stability and anti‐aggregation properties along with prolonged half‐life and enhanced tumor retention relative to the tadpole‐shaped control, tadp‐IFN‐ABD, and the macrocyclic control, c‐IFN‐ABD, showcasing considerable topological effects. The work expands the topological diversity of proteins and demonstrates the potential advantages of leveraging chemical topology for functional benefits beyond multi‐function integration in protein therapeutics.
G‐quadruplex‐Based Artificial Transmembrane Channels Induce Cancer Cell Apoptosis by Perturbing Potassium Ion Homeostasis
Authors: Liu Shuangna , Xu Wanyu , Zheng Jing , Ngocho Kleins , Chen Hui , Wang Kemin , Xiong Siqi , He Xiaoxiao , Liu Jianbo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTransmembrane ion transport modality has received a widespread attention due to its apoptotic activation toward anticancer cell activities. In this study, G‐quadruplex‐based potassium‐specific transmembrane channels have been developed to facilitate the intracellular K+ efflux, which perturbs the cellular ion homeostasis thereby inducing cancer cell apoptosis. Cholesterol‐tag, a lipophilic anchor moiety, serves as a rudiment for the G‐quadruplex immobilization onto the membrane, while G‐quadruplex channel structure as a transport module permits ion binding and migration along the channels. A c‐Myc sequence tagged with two‐cholesterol is designed as a representative lipophilic G‐quadruplex, which forms intramolecular parallel G‐quadruplex with three stacks of G‐quartets (Ch2‐Para3). Fluorescence transport assay demonstrates Ch2‐Para3 a high transport activity (EC50 = 10.9 × 10−6 m) and an ion selectivity (K+/Na+ selectivity ratio of 84). Ch2‐Para3 mediated K+ efflux in cancer cells is revealed to purge cancer cells through K+ efflux‐mediated cell apoptosis, which is confirmed by monitoring the changes in membrane potential of mitochondria, leakage of cytochrome c, reactive oxygen species yield, as well as activation of a family of caspases. The lipophilic G‐quadruplex exhibits obvious antitumor activity in vivo without systemic toxicity. This study provides a functional scheme aimed at generating DNA‐based selective artificial membrane channels for the purpose of regulating cellular processes and inducing cell apoptosis, which shows a great promising for anticancer therapy in the future.
Engineering d‐p Orbital Hybridization with P, S Co‐Coordination Asymmetric Configuration of Single Atoms Toward High‐Rate and Long‐Cycling Lithium–Sulfur Battery
Authors: Dong Chenxu , Ma Changning , Zhou Cheng , Yu Yongkun , Wang Jiajing , Yu Kesong , Shen Chunli , Gu Jiapei , Yan Kaijian , Zheng Aqian , Gong Minjian , Xu Xu , Mai Liqiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) have been increasingly explored in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries to address the issues of severe polysulfide shuttle effects and sluggish redox kinetics. However, the structure‐activity relationship between single‐atom coordination structures and the performance of Li–S batteries remain unclear. In this study, a P, S co‐coordination asymmetric configuration of single atoms is designed to enhance the catalytic activity of Co central atoms and promote d‐p orbital hybridization between Co and S atoms, thereby limiting polysulfides and accelerating the bidirectional redox process of sulfur. The well‐designed SACs enable Li–S batteries to demonstrate an ultralow capacity fading rate of 0.027% per cycle after 2000 cycles at a high rate of 5 C. Furthermore, they display excellent rate performance with a capacity of 619 mAh g−1 at an ultrahigh rate of 10 C due to the efficient catalysis of CoSA‐N3PS. Importantly, the assembled pouch cell still retains a high discharge capacity of 660 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 C and provides a high areal capacity of 4.4 mAh cm−2 even with a high sulfur loading of 6 mg cm−2. This work demonstrates that regulating the coordination environment of SACs is of great significance for achieving state‐of‐the‐art Li–S batteries.
Designing Molybdenum Trioxide and Hard Carbon Architecture for Stable Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Shahzad Rana Faisal , Rasul Shahid , Mamlouk Mohamed , Brewis Ian , Shakoor Rana Abdul , Lukose Cecil Cherian , Zia Abdul Wasy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMolybdenum Trioxide (MoO3) is a promising candidate as an anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIB), with a theoretical capacity of 1 117 mAhg−1. Nevertheless, MoO3 has inherent lower electronic conductivity and suffers from significant volume expansion during the charge–discharge cycle, which hinders its ability to attain a substantial capacity and cyclability for practical applications. In this study, a novel material design strategy is reported for LIB anodes containing MoO3 and hard carbon (HC) architecture fabricated using a Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) technique. MoO3/HC as anode materials are evaluated for LIBs, which demonstrate an exceptional performance with a capacity of 953 mAhg−1 at a discharging rate of 0.2 C. Additionally, MoO3/HC anode demonstrated exceptional rate capability during fast charging at 5 C and achieved a capacity of 342 mAhg−1. The MoO3/HC anode demonstrates remarkable cycle life, retaining over > 99% Coulombic efficiency after 3 000 cycles at a rate of 0.2 C. The exceptional performance of MoO3/HC anode can be attributed to the novel material design strategy based on a multi‐layered structure where HC provides a barrier against the possible volumetric expansion of LIB anode.