bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐performance geopolymer from brick wastes and metakaolin: Alkali treatment optimization, phase transformation, and property analysis
Authors: Moujoud Zineb , Sair Said , Ousaleh Hanane Ait , Amadine Othmane , Ayouch Ikrame , Zahouily Mohamed , El Bouari Abdeslam , Tanane Omar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study presents a cost‐effective and eco‐friendly method to produce aluminosilicate materials using red brick waste (RBW) and metakaolin (MK) as silica and alumina precursors. RBW was subjected to alkaline fusion to increase its dissolution for geopolymerization reaction. Response surface methodology was used to investigate the effect of NaOH concentration and fusion temperature on the leaching of silica and alumina from RBW. The microstructure of the alkali‐fused RBW was analyzed using x‐ray diffraction and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. Response surface methodology confirmed and revealed that higher NaOH concentration (14 M) and a temperature of 660°C favored solubilized phase development, resulting in 85% and 50% leached silica and alumina, respectively. These optimized parameters were then employed to prepare geopolymer materials with different proportions of alkali‐fused RBW and MK, using NaOH and Na2SiO3 as the alkaline solution. The elaborated geopolymer binders were characterized using various techniques such as x‐ray diffraction (DRX), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal conductivity (λ), and fire resistance. The results showed that geopolymers containing 30 wt.% of alkali‐fused RBW exerted good mechanical and thermal insulation properties compared to conventional cement materials. However, excessive RBW addition causes negative effects. In addition, it was found that the blended geopolymers exhibited an increase in heat release rate (HRR), resulting in reduced fire resistance due to the presence of unreacted NaOH. Overall, these findings confirmed the potential sustainable use of RBW to partially replace MK in geopolymer as a material for building construction.
DL‐Isoborneol esters as nontoxic main plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride with improved processability, thermal stability, and mechanical performance
Authors: Chu Hong‐ying , Gao Chuan , Huang Shuai , Yao Xin‐Ding 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDL‐Isoborneol is a forestry chemical product that can serve as an intermediate in the synthesis of value‐added plasticizer products. In this study, three kinds of DL‐Isoborneol esters (octanoic acid‐DL‐Isoborneol, decanoic acid‐DL‐Isoborneol ester, and lauric acid‐DL‐Isoborneol ester [LDE]) with different fatty hydrocarbon chains were synthesized via esterification reaction. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT‐IR) and Nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum (1H NMR) indicated that DL‐Isoborneol esters were successfully synthesized. The oral toxicity experiment of plasticizers in mice indicated that DL‐Isoborneol esters have toxic doses of 5000 mg/kg and was environmentally friendly and nontoxic. DL‐Isoborneol esters were used as main plasticizers to plasticize polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and compared with commercial plasticizer dioctyl phthalate (DOP). The results showed that DL‐Isoborneol esters could improve thermoplastic processing performance and thermal stability of plasticized PVC than DOP. DL‐Isoborneol esters and PVC showed more excellent compatibility compared with DOP. Tg of plasticized PVC reached 22°C, tensile strength and elongation at break of PVC plasticized with 40 wt% LDE reached 12.90 ± 0.83 MPa and 342 ± 13%, respectively. DL‐Isoborneol esters with improved migration resistance performance and plasticization efficiency can completely replace DOP as main plasticizers for PVC.Highlights
DL‐Isoborneol esters with different fatty hydrocarbon chains were synthesized.
DL‐Isoborneol esters have toxic doses of 5000 mg/kg and are nontoxic.
DL‐Isoborneol esters can be used as main plasticizer for PVC.
Plasticized PVC with improved processability.
DOP can be completely replaced by DL‐Isoborneol esters.
Prognostic value of tumor regression grade (TRG) after oncological gastrectomy for gastric cancer
Authors: Abboretti Francesco , Mantziari Styliani , Didisheim Laura , Schäfer Markus , Teixeira Farinha Hugo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Perioperative chemotherapy combined with surgical resection represent the gold standard in the treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer. The Mandard tumor regression score (TRG) is widely used to evaluate pathological response to neoadjuvant treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of TRG in terms of overall survival (OS) and disease-free (DFS).

Methods
Retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients who underwent oncological gastrectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy from January 2007 to December 2019 for gastric adenocarcinoma was performed. Based on their TRG status they were categorized into two groups: good responders (TRG 1–2) and poor responders (TRG 3–5). Subsequent multivariable analyses were conducted.

Results
Seventy-four patients were included, whereby 15 (20.3%) were TRG 1–2. Neoadjuvant regimens for TRG 1–2 vs. TRG 3–5 were similar: MAGIC (53% vs. 39%), FLOT (40% vs. 36%), FOLFOX (7% vs. 15%, p = 0.462). Histologic types according to Lauren classification for TRG 1–2 vs. TRG 3–5 were: 13% vs. 29% intestinal, 53% vs. 44% diffuse and 34% vs. 27% indeterminate (p = 0.326). TRG 1–2 group exhibited significantly less advanced ypT (46% vs. 10%, p = 0.001) and ypN stages (66% vs. 37%, p = 0.008), alongside a diminished recurrence rate (20% vs. 42%, p = 0.111). The 3-year DFS was significantly better in this group (81% vs. 47%, p = 0.041) whereas the disparity in three-year OS (92% vs. 55%, p = 0.054) did not attain statistical significance.

Conclusions
TRG 1–2 was associated with less advanced ypT and ypN stage and better DFS compared to TRG 3–5 patients, without a significant impact on OS.
Paternal intelligence affects school grades in children with and without ADHD - a register-based study
Authors: Markkula Andrea , Igelström Kajsa , Zhang He , Capusan Andrea Johansson 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
ADHD profoundly impacts educational attainment, quality of life, and health in young adults. However, certain subgroups of ADHD patients seem to do quite well, potentially due to differences in intelligence and socioeconomic status. Here we used paternal intelligence from the Swedish Defence Conscription and Assessment register, to investigate the role of genetic propensity for intelligence, on school performance in a large cohort of ADHD patients and matched controls. Patients treated for ADHD in Linköping, Sweden between 1995 and 2020 (n = 3262), sex- and age-matched controls (n = 9591) as well as their parents and siblings were identified using regional and national registers. Socioeconomic and demographic data, ADHD diagnosis and treatment and school grades at age 16 for the study population were extracted from Swedish National registers. We explored the associations between paternal intelligence and child school performance using linear mixed models and mediation analyses, taking a wide range of potential covariates into account. Results indicate that paternal intelligence was positively associated with standardized school grades in their offspring (Zadjusted=0.09, 95%CI 0.07, 0.10). This effect was present in both ADHD patients and controls, but ADHD patients had significantly lower standardized grades (Zadjusted=-1.03, 95%CI -1.08, -0.98). Child ADHD did not serve as a mediator for how paternal intelligence affected school grades. Our findings indicate that ADHD prevents children from reaching their academic potential at all levels of paternal intelligence. Increased understanding of the contributions of ADHD, intelligence, and SES to functional outcomes can help clinicians to better personalize interventions to the unique preconditions in each patient.
Charge Motion in Solid Helium
Authors: Golov A. I. , Efimov V. B. , Levchenko A. A. , Mezhov-Deglin L. P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe overview and discuss several advances in the understanding of the motion of ions through solid helium. Positive and negative ions in solid helium are microscopic complexes with internal structures embedded into the host crystal lattice. Their low-field mobilities normally decrease with cooling in both bcc and hcp crystals of either isotope of helium ($$^3$$3He and$$^4$$4He). Depending on the density of solid helium (as well as, in the case of positive ions in hcp$$^4$$4He, on the crystal orientation), the corresponding activation energies for the mobility of the two species of ions may or may not coincide, and they are found to be typically either equal to or about twice the vacancy creation energy. In strong electric fields, the field dependence of the drift velocity of ions is often nonlinear but monotonic. However, for positive ions in hcp$$^4$$4He, non-monotonic anomalies in both temperature and field dependences of the drift velocity were observed. We discuss these features within the framework of the theory of ion motion via inelastic scattering of low-energy vacancions put forward by Alexander Andreev and co-workers.
Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Teaching and Learning of Science: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research
Authors: Almasri Firas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education is transforming various dimensions of the education system, such as instructional practices, assessment strategies, and administrative processes. It also plays an active role in the progression of science education. This systematic review attempts to render an inherent understanding of the evidence-based interaction between AI and science education. Specifically, this study offers a consolidated analysis of AI’s impact on students’ learning outcomes, contexts of its adoption, students’ and teachers’ perceptions about its use, and the challenges of its use within science education. The present study followed the PRISMA guidelines to review empirical papers published from 2014 to 2023. In total, 74 records met the eligibility for this systematic study. Previous research provides evidence of AI integration into a variety of fields in physical and natural sciences in many countries across the globe. The results revealed that AI-powered tools are integrated into science education to achieve various pedagogical benefits, including enhancing the learning environment, creating quizzes, assessing students’ work, and predicting their academic performance. The findings from this paper have implications for teachers, educational administrators, and policymakers.
The Role of Occipitotemporal Network for Speed-Reading: An fMRI Study
Authors: Sun Dexin , Zhang Zhilin , Oishi Naoya , Dai Qi , Thuy Dinh Ha Duy , Abe Nobuhito , Tachibana Jun , Funahashi Shintaro , Wu Jinglong , Murai Toshiya , Fukuyama Hidenao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe activity of occipitotemporal regions involved in linguistic reading processes, such as the ventral occipitotemporal cortex (vOT), is believed to exhibit strong interactions during higher-order language processing, specifically in the connectivity between the occipital gyrus and the temporal gyrus. In this study, we utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with psychophysiological interaction (PPI) and dynamic causal modeling (DCM) to investigate the functional and effective connectivity in the occipitotemporal network during speed reading. We conducted the experiment with native Japanese speakers who underwent and without speed-reading training and subsequently performed established reading tasks at different speeds (slow, medium, and fast) while undergoing 3-Tesla Siemens fMRI. Our activation analyses revealed significant changes in occipital and temporal regions as reading speed increased, indicating functional connectivity within the occipitotemporal network. DCM results further demonstrated more intricate effective connections and high involvement within the occipitotemporal pathway: (1) reading signals originated from the inferior occipital gyrus (iO), distributed to the vOT and the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), and then gathered in the anterior superior temporal sulcus (aSTS); (2) reading speed loads had modulation effects on the pathways from the aSTS to vOT and from the iO to vOT. These findings highlight the complex connectivity and dynamic interactions within the occipitotemporal network during speed-reading processes.
The Effect of Various Environmental Pollutants on the Reproductive Health in Children: A Brief Review of the Literature
Authors: Yesildemir Ozge , Celik Mensure Nur 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Environmental pollutants in air, water, soil, and food are a significant concern due to their potential adverse effects on fetuses, newborns, babies, and children. These chemicals, which pass to fetuses and babies through trans-placental transfer, breast milk, infant formula, dermal transfer, and non-nutritive ingestion, can cause health problems during childhood. This review aims to discuss how exposure to various environmental pollutants in early life stages can disrupt reproductive health in children.

Recent Findings
Environmental pollutants can affect Leydig cell proliferation and differentiation, decreasing testosterone production throughout life. This may result in cryptorchidism, hypospadias, impaired semen parameters, and reduced fertility. Although many studies on female reproductive health cannot be interpreted to support causal relationships, exposure to pollutants during critical windows may subsequently induce female reproductive diseases, including early or delayed puberty, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and cancers.

Summary
There is growing evidence that fetal and early-life exposure to environmental pollutants could affect reproductive health in childhood. Although diet is thought to be the primary route by which humans are exposed to various pollutants, there are no adopted nutritional interventions to reduce the harmful effects of pollutants on children's health. Therefore, understanding the impact of environmental contaminants on various health outcomes may inform the design of future human nutritional studies.
A New Approach to FRAND Royalty Determination in IoT Value Chains: Insights from Connected Cars
Authors: Pourrahim Maryam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe complexities surrounding connected cars, especially the integration of Telematics Control Units (TCUs), intensify uncertainties within their value chains. Disputes arise regarding rightful licensees and applicable rates. Standard Essential Patent (SEP) holders push for royalties from end-product manufacturers, pegged to final product prices. Conversely, manufacturers and suppliers argue for licensing directed at suppliers, restricting royalties to the TCU’s price. This discord unfolded in the legal tussle involving Nokia (SEP holder), Daimler (car manufacturer), and its supplier, litigated in German courts. This context underscores the significance behind the EU Commission’s proposal on SEP licensing issued in April 2023. Addressing escalating disputes and uncertainties surrounding Fair, Reasonable, and Non-Discriminatory (FRAND) royalty rates, the proposal aims to establish transparency and predictability in SEP licensing. In our study, we have devised a proposal aimed at reshaping this landscape. We challenge the conventional linkage of SEP royalties solely to end-product prices within intricate value chains. Instead, we advocate tying SEP royalties to the economic value attributed to the SEP, specifically focusing on connectivity within Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Our proposal suggests granting licences to the party responsible for designing the IoT component, irrespective of its role in the value chain. This functionalistic approach also proposes establishing the royalty base through technical, measurable factors like data consumption. This model offers objectivity in determining FRAND rates, potentially fostering constructive negotiations and offering environmental benefits.
A Labor-Saving Method of Pipe Uplifting Countermeasure with Geocell-Geotextile Combination
Authors: Nagatani Taishi , Sawada Yutaka , Ikebata Ruka , Ito Shuji , Sonoda Yusuke , Kawabata Toshinori 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, we proposed a new method which mitigates pipe uplifting by utilizing geocells and geotextiles. The method resulted in labor saving in construction. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we reproduced pipe uplift by conducting push-up tests using a 150-mm-diameter pipe. The test results showed that the proposed method increased the peak resistance and the resistance at large displacement by 1.47 and 3.35 times, respectively, compared to the unreinforced method. The proposed method also increased the peak resistance by 1.13 times compared to the conventional method widely used in Japan. It demonstrated consistently high resistance even after the peak. This indicated that the proposed method is very effective as a countermeasure against pipe uplift. Furthermore, increasing the overall width of the geocell improved the resistance. In this study, two different approaches were used to evaluate the uplift resistance of the pipe. The approaches showed that, with geocell reinforcement, most of the dead weight at the pipe sides and above them contributed to the peak resistance. It was also found that the peak resistance of the proposed method can be predicted to some extent by modifying the previously proposed equation.
Optimizing Geotechnical Data Input Based on Light Weight Deflectometer for Road Design and Performance Analysis
Authors: Kuttah Dina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study explores alternative methods for assessing critical parameters in pavement design, specifically Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. While repeated load triaxial testing is traditionally used, its high cost and time requirements drive the search for more efficient methods. Falling weight deflectometer tests are also resource-intensive, leading to the investigation of light weight deflectometer tests. Utilizing EraPave software for analysis, which employs a multi-layer elastic theory back-calculation tool, the research examines material properties through laboratory tests on unbound granular material, sandy soil, silty sand soil, and sandy silty clay soil, providing data for field tests. Field LWD tests, conducted under various moisture contents and dynamic loads, provided data processed through EraPave to predict layer moduli. Results demonstrate LWD’s effectiveness in predicting layer moduli for different construction materials. Despite variations in root mean square error values, LWD data consistently align well with EraPave predictions, underscoring its reliability for pavement evaluation. Case studies illustrate LWD and EraPave’s adaptability to different moisture contents and stresses. This study advocates for LWD tests’ efficiency and highlights the importance of analytical tools like EraPave for accurate pavement assessments, contributing to optimized pavement evaluation processes and informed road construction and maintenance decisions.
Beyond the First Trimester: Social Determinants of Delayed Prenatal Care at a Community Health Center Using the PRAPARE Tool
Authors: Page Abbie , McCann Rebecca , Maness Sarah , Merriweather Maya , Dobbs Page D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSocial determinants of health have been used to explore associations with pregnancy outcomes and the birth weight of infants; however, research employing individually based social risk measures has not examined associations among underserved populations, including pregnant persons at community health centers. Data were collected from a sample (n = 345) of pregnant persons who sought care at a community health center between January 2019 and December 2020. Social risks of pregnant patients were measured using the PRAPARE tool. First, associations between patients’ social risks and trimester in which they initiated care were assessed using ANOVAs, grouping social risk by PRAPARE social determinant domains (persona characteristics, family and home, money and resources, and social and emotional health). ANOVAs were stratified by ethnicity. Next, a multivariate logistic regression examined associations between social measures and seeking care after the first trimester. Patients who sought care in the first trimester reported more financial needs than those who sought care in the second (p = .02) or the third (p = .049). Hispanic patients who sought care in the first trimester reported more monetary needs than those who sought care in the second trimester (p = .048), and non-Hispanic patients who sought care in the first trimester reported greater family and home needs than those who sought care in the second trimester (p = .47). Those who experienced stress were 3.07 times as likely to seek care after the first trimester as those who reported no stress. CHC may reduce social risk among poor and underserved communities by reducing barriers to access to care.
Contributions of Federico Olóriz to the systematic paleontology of ammonites and taxa dedicated to him
Authors: Villaseñor Ana Bertha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFederico Olóriz is a renowned geologist-paleontologist scientist from the University of Granada, Spain, who throughout his academic career has contributed in an outstanding way to the study of the Jurassic and ammonites, mainly. Among his various contributions, one of the most important is the systematic paleontological revision of several taxa of the group, with the proposal of several new genera, subgenera, species and subspecies, as well as the amendment of several families. His successful career has been deserving of recognition, by several specialists, with the dedication of various taxa in honor of his name. The compilation of all those taxa proposed by the author and collaborators, as well as taxa dedicated to him, is presented. The presentation is chronological, taxonomic classification from family level, figures, holotype, original diagnosis, type locality and age data are given. Excluded are those contributions of the author and/or collaborators for variants, and taxa proposed informally (mentioned only as n. 1 or sp. A, etc.).