bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of sall4 in taste buds of zebrafish
Authors: Jackson Robyn , Braubach Oliver R. , Bilkey Jessica , Zhang Jing , Akimenko Marie‐Andrée , Fine Alan , Croll Roger P. , Jonz Michael G. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTWe characterized the expression of sall4, a gene encoding a zinc finger transcription factor involved in the maintenance of embryonic stem cells, in taste buds of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Using an enhancer trap line (ET5), we detected enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in developing and adult transgenic zebrafish in regions containing taste buds: the lips, branchial arches, and the nasal and maxillary barbels. Localization of EGFP to taste cells of the branchial arches and lips was confirmed by co‐immunolabeling with antibodies against calretinin and serotonin, and a zebrafish‐derived neuronal marker (zn‐12). Transgenic insertion of the ET construct into the zebrafish genome was evaluated and mapped to chromosome 23 in proximity (i.e. 23 kb) to the sall4 gene. In situ hybridization and expression analysis between 24 and 96 h post‐fertilization (hpf) demonstrated that transgenic egfp expression in ET5 zebrafish was correlated with the spatial and temporal pattern of expression of sall4 in the wild‐type. Expression was first observed in the central nervous system and branchial arches at 24 hpf. At 48 hpf, sall4 and egfp expression was observed in taste bud primordia surrounding the mouth and branchial arches. At 72 and 96 hpf, expression was detected in the upper and lower lips and branchial arches. Double fluorescence in situ hybridization at 3 and 10 dpf confirmed colocalization of sall4 and egfp in the lips and branchial arches. These studies reveal sall4 expression in chemosensory cells and implicate this transcription factor in the development and renewal of taste epithelia in zebrafish. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 73: 543–558, 2013
Aminoalkylation of Indoles with α‐Polyfluoroalkylated Cyclic Imines
Authors: Shevchenko Nikolay E. , Shmatova Olga I. , Balenkova Elisabeth S. , Röschenthaler Gerd‐Volker , Nenajdenko Valentine G. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe reaction of cyclic ketimines with indoles was studied. A dramatic difference between the electrophilicity of perfluoroalkyl‐substituted and non‐fluorinated imines was demonstrated. In good agreement with our calculations, the Friedel–Crafts‐type alkylation of indoles only takes place with α‐polyfluoroalkylated cyclic imines that are activated by boron trifluoride–diethyl ether. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and provides the opportunity to obtain promising alkaloid‐like structures that contain a fluoroalkyl group. As a result, α‐CF3‐ and α‐C2F5‐substituted pyrrolidines, piperidines, and azepanes that contain an indole moiety can be prepared efficiently.
Crustal reworking in the North China Craton at ~2.5 Ga: evidence from zircon U–Pb age, Hf isotope and whole rock geochemistry of the felsic volcano‐sedimentary rocks from the western Shandong Province
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhai Mingguo , Wang Shijin , Santosh M. , Du Lilin , Xie Hangqiang , Lv Bin , Wan Yusheng 
Published: February 2013

The western Shandong Province (WSP) is one of the typical Neoarchaean granite–greenstone belts in the Eastern Block of the North China Craton (NCC) and is an important region to investigate the early Precambrian evolutionary history of the NCC. The Taishan association, consisting of a ~2.7 Ga komatiite–tholeiite sequence and a ~2.5 Ga felsic volcano‐sedimentary sequence, is the major lithological assemblage in the WSP. In the Qixingtai area, the felsic volcano‐sedimentary sequence, partly subjected to anatexis, is composed of hornblende gneiss, voluminous fine‐grained biotite gneiss and biotite plagioclase gneiss. SHRIMP zircon dating shows that the protolith of the biotite plagioclase gneiss formed after ca. 2.53 Ga. The tonalite intrusion into the volcanic protoliths of the fine‐grained biotite gneiss and biotite plagioclase gneiss occurred at 2.52 Ga. Our age data constrain the time of formation of the felsic volcano‐sedimentary sequence in the Taishan area as 2.53–2.52 Ga. The majority of zircons from the felsic volcano‐sedimentary rocks have intermediate εHf(t) values (−1.2 to +2.1). The whole rock Nd isotopes of the Taishan felsic volcano‐sedimentary rocks yield the εNd(t = 2522 Ma) values of +2.6 to −1.8 and TDM2 ages 3.03–2.68 Ga. These values indicate the pre‐existing crust was reworked at the end of the Neoarchaean (~2.5 Ga).The Taishan felsic volcano‐sedimentary rocks are rhyodacite–dacite and andesite in composition. These rocks and the tonalite display similar high SiO2 (65–72 wt.%) and low MgO (1–2 wt.%) content. In contrast, the minor andesites in the area have lower SiO2 (61–62 wt.%) and higher MgO (5.3–6.3 wt.%), suggesting more mantle contribution during their petrogenesis. However, the Mg‐rich andesites have identical rare earth element and multi‐element patterns with the rhyodacite–dacites and distinguish them from the Taishan sanukitoids. We suggest that the 2.53–2.52 Ga felsic volcanics of the Taishan association are the products of partial melting of a subducted oceanic crust. The andesites were produced by minor modification of the ascending tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite‐type magma by the mantle wedge.Our study indicates that (1) the tectonic regime of the WSP greenstone belt was dominated by an arc‐subduction system at ~2.52 Ga and (2) the 2.53–2.52 Ga felsic volcano‐sedimentary rocks and intrusive tonalite are the products of crustal reworking. The felsic volcano‐sedimentary sequence of the Taishan association and other ~2.5 Ga arc‐like assemblages in the NCC provide important clues to understand the nature of the tectonothermal events at the end of the Neoarchaean. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Elongated hindguts in desert‐living dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) feeding on dry dung pellets or plant litter
Authors: Holter Peter , Scholtz Clarke H. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractMost adult dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) feed on fresh, wet dung of larger herbivorous or omnivorous mammals. As refractory plant fragments are selected out before ingestion, the food is presumed easily digestible. However, members of the desert‐living scarabaeine genus Pachysoma (probably evolved from an ancestor closely related to the wet‐dung feeding genus Scarabaeus) select dry dung pellets and/or plant litter. Thus, they ingest a much higher proportion of structural plant material, which nevertheless appears to be digested rather efficiently. This study investigates morphological modifications of the gut for this digestion in adults of eight Pachysoma species, both pellet and litter feeders. To ascertain hypothesized ancestral conditions, four fresh‐dung feeding Scarabaeus species were also examined. The latter have the usual dung beetle gut consisting of a long, simple midgut, followed by an equally simple, much shorter hindgut of the same width. Lengths of midguts (M) and hindguts (H) divided by body length (B) for comparison between species of different size are: 4.9–6.3 (M/B) and 0.7–0.8 (H/B), which is normal for dung feeders. In Pachysoma, lengths are 6.3–6.5 (M/B) and 1.0–1.4 (H/B) in pellet feeders, and 4.4–5.0 (M/B) and 2.0–2.5 (H/B) for litter feeders. Hindguts are still morphologically undifferentiated and of midgut width, but clearly longer, particularly in litter feeders. Presumably, plant fragments in the food are digested, at least partly, in the hindgut. If so, the morphological adaptation is unusual: simple elongation rather than the expansion of part of the hindgut, as found in several other plant‐ or detritus‐feeding scarabaeids. J. Morphol. 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cost‐Effectiveness of Soil and Water Conservation Measures on the Catchment Sediment Budget–The Laaba Watershed Case Study, Burkina Faso
Authors: Grimaldi S. , Angeluccetti I. , Coviello V. , Vezza P. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn the Sahelian region, the high precipitation intensity and the daily rainfall extreme values are currently the main cause of soil erosion and land degradation. In addition, solid transport often leads to reservoir siltation and reduction of the amount of water available for agriculture. To cope with these issues, Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) measures have been regularly employed in the Sahelian area. However, a proper cost‐effectiveness analysis of the impact of SWC interventions on the catchment sediment budget normally requires quantitative surveys on erosion and sedimentation processes. Where data for calibration and validation of models are scarce, an overall methodology to evaluate the economical sustainability of a proposed intervention can be of paramount importance. The study herein proposed aims to assess the monetary sustainability of SWC measures in limiting the reservoir siltation of the Laaba dam (Yatenga District, Northern Burkina Faso). In particular, the catchment sediment budget was estimated by means of morphological and pedologic parameters and dam sedimentation rates; a cost‐effectiveness analysis was then performed to assess the economic sustainability of a possible SWC intervention. The proposed methodology showed interesting potentials for land and water management in Burkina Faso, particularly when data and financial resources are limited and where the application of detailed process‐based models is not possible. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linear Sturm‐Liouville problems with multi‐point boundary conditions
Authors: Kong Lingju , Kong Qingkai , Kwong Man K. , Wong James S. W. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe study second order linear Sturm‐Liouville problems which involve one or two multi‐point boundary conditions. Conditions for the existence of a sequence of positive eigenvalues with consecutive zero counts of the eigenfunctions are derived. We also show that these eigenvalues are algebraically simple. Moreover, we obtain certain interlacing relations between the eigenvalues of Sturm‐Liouville problems with multi‐point boundary conditions and those with two‐point separated boundary conditions. The work for multi‐point Sturm‐Liouville problems will set up a foundation for the further studies of nonlinear boundary value problems with multi‐point boundary conditions.
Conveying genomic recurrence risk estimates to patients with early‐stage breast cancer: oncologist perspectives
Authors: Spellman Elizabeth , Sulayman Nadiyah , Eggly Susan , Peshkin Beth N. , Isaacs Claudine , Schwartz Marc D. , O'Neill Suzanne C. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe development and increased use of genomic profiling has led to refinement of breast cancer treatment. This study sought to examine medical and surgical oncologists' perceptions of factors related to the translation and integration of Oncotype DX® (Genomic Health, Inc., Redwood City, CA, USA) into routine clinical care.MethodsTwenty oncologists (10 medical and 10 surgical oncologists) participated in qualitative interviews. Questions centered on the following themes: oncologists' perceptions about the clinical utility of testing, the impact of patient preferences on the decision to test and use results to inform treatment decisions, methods of communicating risk associated with test results to patients, and benefits of and barriers to incorporating testing into multidisciplinary care settings.ResultsOncologists found Oncotype DX test results useful in their practice but had concerns as well. These included that some oncologists either used testing inappropriately or placed undue emphasis on the results at the expense of other clinical information. The use of intermediate test results, which have less clear clinical implications, incorporating results with patient treatment preferences, and the use of testing in multidisciplinary teams were noted as specific challenges.ConclusionOncologists noted several benefits of testing and also many challenges, despite wide dissemination and common use. Education for health providers should include specific training in how to interpret and communicate the uncertainty inherent in genomic tests while integrating patient preferences to inform treatment decision making. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient and secure chaotic S‐Box for wireless sensor network
Authors: Zaibi Ghada , Peyrard Fabrice , Kachouri Abdennaceur , Fournier‐Prunaret Danièle , Samet Mounir 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTInformation security using chaotic dynamics is a novel topic in the wireless sensor network (WSN) research field. After surveying analog and digital chaotic security systems, we give a state of the art of chaotic S‐Box design. The substitution tables are nonlinear maps that strengthen and enhance block crypto‐systems. This paper deals with the design of new dynamic chaotic S‐Boxes suitable for implementation on wireless sensor nodes. Our proposed schemes are classified into two categories: S‐Box based on discrete chaotic map with floating point arithmetic (cascading piecewise linear chaotic map and a three‐dimensional map) and S‐Box based on discrete chaotic map with fixed‐point arithmetic (using discretized Lorenz map and logistic–tent map). The security analysis and implementation process on WSN are discussed. The proposed methods satisfy Good S‐Box design criteria and exceed the performance of Advanced Encryption Standard static S‐Box in some cases. The energy consumption of different proposals and existing chaotic S‐Box designs are investigated via a platform simulator and a real WSN testbed equipped with TI MSP430f1611 micro‐controller. The simulations and the experimental results show that our proposed S‐Box design with fixed‐point arithmetic Lorenz map has the lowest energy‐consuming profile compared with the other studied and proposed S‐Box design. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crossing structures reconnect federally endangered flying squirrel populations divided for 20 years by road barrier
Authors: Kelly Christine A. , Diggins Corinne A. , Lawrence Andrew J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn the Unicoi Mountains of southwestern North Carolina, USA, a 2 lane scenic byway created a barrier to dispersal for the federally endangered Carolina northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus). Unable to glide across the road, squirrels in the divided subpopulations faced reduced access to mates, den sites, and foraging grounds. We installed 3 pairs of modified wooden utility poles as crossing structures to enable gliding over the road in both directions. Using wildlife cameras, we monitored use of the crossing poles by northern flying squirrels for 15 months. Additionally, we tracked movements of 4 radiocollared northern flying squirrels between habitat patches and checked nest boxes for evidence of squirrels crossing the road. Cameras recorded 5 still images and 25 videos of northern flying squirrels on the crossing poles, with flying squirrels leaping across the road in 56% of videos. Crossings increased from 0 crossings in a previous study to 14 crossings in this study. For the first time since crossing‐pole installation, squirrels used dens on the opposite side of the road from where they were initially captured and tagged. We believe that these structure‐assisted road crossings in the Unicois are the first observed in a North American gliding mammal. Although northern flying squirrels used crossing poles to glide over a rural, low traffic, 2‐lane road, further research should be conducted to determine whether this technique is applicable to different road types and other types of linear barriers in North America. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
N‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Relationship to Inflammation in Healthy Adults and Adults Exhibiting Features of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Robinson Lindsay E. , Mazurak Vera C. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIndividuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, therefore, research has been directed at reducing various components that contribute to MetS and associated metabolic impairments, including chronic low‐grade inflammation. Epidemiological, human, animal and cell culture studies provide evidence that dietary n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFA), including alpha‐linolenic acid (18:3n‐3, ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n‐3, EPA) and/or docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n‐3, DHA) may improve some of the components associated with MetS. The current review will discuss recent evidence from human observational and intervention studies that focused on the effects of ALA, EPA or DHA on inflammatory markers in healthy adults and those with one or more features of MetS. Observational studies in healthy adults support the recommendation that a diet rich in n‐3 fatty acids may play a role in preventing and reducing inflammation, whereas intervention studies in healthy adults have yielded inconsistent results. The majority of intervention studies in adults with features of MetS have reported a benefit for some inflammatory measures; however, other studies using high n‐3 fatty acid doses and long supplementation periods have reported no effect. Overall, the data reviewed herein support recommendations for regular fatty fish consumption and point toward health benefits in terms of lowering inflammation in adults with one or more features of MetS.
Molecular characterization and expression analysis of soluble trehalase gene in Aphis glycines, a migratory pest of soybean
Authors: Bansal Raman , Mian M. A. Rouf , Mittapalli Omprakash , Michel Andy P. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn insects, the enzyme trehalase plays a crucial role in energy metabolism, chitin synthesis and possibly during plant–insect interactions. We have characterized a soluble trehalase gene (Tre-1) from cDNA of Aphis glycines, a serious migratory pest of soybean. The full-length cDNA of Tre-1 in A. glycines (AyTre-1) was 2550 bp long with an open reading frame of 1770 bp that encoded for a 589 amino acid residues protein. Sequence assessment and phylogenetic analysis of the putative protein suggested that the selected cDNA belongs to soluble trehalase group. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis in different tissues and developmental stages revealed peak mRNA levels of AyTre-1 in the gut (compared with other tissues assayed) and highest expression in the second instar compared with the other developmental stages assayed. Interestingly, a significantly increased expression of AyTre-1 (1.9-fold, P < 0.05) was observed in the alate morphs compared with that in apterate morphs. However, there was no significant difference in AyTre-1 expression in A. glycines-nymphs fed with resistant and susceptible plants. Expression patterns identified in this study provide a platform to investigate the role of AyTre-1 in physiological activities such as flight and feeding in A. glycines. The characterization of soluble trehalase gene may help to develop novel strategies to manage A. glycines using trehalase inhibitors and using RNA interference for knock-down of AyTre-1 expression.
Unusual coexistence of sinonasal myeloid sarcoma and acute fulminant invasive fungal sinusitis: a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Kuo C-L , Yu Y-B , Li W-Y , Lee Y-L 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjective:We report a rare case of concurrent myeloid sarcoma and acute fulminant invasive fungal sinusitis in a patient with relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia.Case report:A 73-year-old man was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia and developed relapse one year later. After two courses of azacytidine, he began suffering from a dull pain in the left temporal and orbital regions. Sinus computed tomography showed a localised lesion in the left ethmoid sinus, which rapidly progressed to an extensive intracranial mass within one month. Surgical debridement was performed, and histopathological analysis revealed the coexistence of myeloid sarcoma and acute fulminant invasive fungal sinusitis. The patient responded well to prompt surgical debridement, antifungal medication and radiotherapy.Conclusion:Coexistence of sinonasal myeloid sarcoma and acute fulminant invasive fungal sinusitis poses an urgent diagnostic and management challenge to clinicians. Timely recognition of this rare comorbid condition is warranted as application of appropriate treatment can save lives.
Increased risk forCampylobacter jejuniandC. coliinfection of pet origin in dog owners and evidence for genetic association between strains causing infection in humans and their pets
Authors: GRAS L. MUGHINI , SMID J. H. , WAGENAAR J. A. , KOENE M. G. J. , HAVELAAR A. H. , FRIESEMA I. H. M. , FRENCH N. P. , FLEMMING C. , GALSON J. D. , GRAZIANI C. , BUSANI L. , VAN PELT W. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYWe comparedCampylobacter jejuni/colimultilocus sequence types (STs) from pets (dogs/cats) and their owners and investigated risk factors for pet-associated human campylobacteriosis using a combined source-attribution and case-control analysis. In total, 132/687 pet stools wereCampylobacter-positive, resulting in 499 strains isolated (320C. upsaliensis/helveticus, 100C. jejuni, 33C. hyointestinalis/fetus, 10C. lari, 4C. coli, 32 unidentified). There were 737 human and 104 petC. jejuni/colistrains assigned to 154 and 49 STs, respectively. Dog, particularly puppy, owners were at increased risk of infection with pet-associated STs. In 2/68 casesvs.0·134/68 expected by chance, a pet and its owner were infected with an identical ST (ST45, ST658). Although common sources of infection and directionality of transmission between pets and humans were unknown, dog ownership significantly increased the risk for pet-associated humanC. jejuni/coliinfection and isolation of identical strains in humans and their pets occurred significantly more often than expected.
Understanding the motives for SMEs entry choice of international entry mode
Authors: Nisar Shaista , Boateng Agyenim , Wu Junjie , Leung Mary 
Published: February 2013

PurposeWhat drives small to medium‐sized enterprises’ (SMEs’) internationalisation strategy remains a significant issue in international business research, despite the huge research efforts on this subject over the past three decades. The purpose of this paper is to investigate and compare the motives behind the equity modes of foreign market entry in Norway.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a cross sectional survey, a sample of 146 firms consisting of 42 international equity joint ventures (IJVs), 53 cross‐border mergers & acquisitions (CBM&As) and 51 wholly owned subsidiaries (FWOS) from Norway was collected and analysed.FindingsIt was found that whereas market development and power influence the choice of IJVs and CBM&As, the need to access resources and control resources appear to be the most important motives behind FWOS as an entry mode choice. Moreover, the regression results indicate that market development and power, technology development, location advantage and synergistic gains appear to have a significant bearing on different entry mode choice in Norway.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper examines the motivation for the choice of foreign entry mode from the point of view of senior managers in Norway. Future research should accommodate multiple perspectives simultaneously from the parent companies and subsidiaries in a single paper to significantly advance the field.Practical implicationsThe paper discovers that the motives behind the choice of cooperative modes of entry tend to be more linked with market development, technological development while FWOS are motivated by the need to control proprietary resources. The implication for the Norwegian government is that its financial incentives do not affect the mode choice of entry.Original/valueThe paper finds that different motives and theories influence the choice of foreign market entry by SMEs in Norway and provides insights for senior managers on the factors taken into account in making choice decisions in Norway.