bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical power ratio threshold for ventilator-induced lung injury
Authors: D’Albo Rosanna , Pozzi Tommaso , Nicolardi Rosmery V. , Galizia Mauro , Catozzi Giulia , Ghidoni Valentina , Donati Beatrice , Romitti Federica , Herrmann Peter , Busana Mattia , Gattarello Simone , Collino Francesca , Sonzogni Aurelio , Camporota Luigi , Marini John J. , Moerer Onnen , Meissner Konrad , Gattinoni Luciano 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Rationale
Mechanical power (MP) is a summary variable incorporating all causes of ventilator-induced-lung-injury (VILI). We expressed MP as the ratio between observed and normal expected values (MPratio).

Objective
To define a threshold value of MPratio leading to the development of VILI.

Methods
In a population of 82 healthy pigs, a threshold of MPratio for VILI, as assessed by histological variables and confirmed by using unsupervised cluster analysis was 4.5. The population was divided into two groups with MPratio above or below the threshold.

Measurements and main results
We measured physiological variables every six hours. At the end of the experiment, we measured lung weight and wet-to-dry ratio to quantify edema. Histological samples were analyzed for alveolar ruptures, inflammation, alveolar edema, atelectasis. An MPratio threshold of 4.5 was associated with worse injury, lung weight, wet-to-dry ratio and fluid balance (all p < 0.001). After 48 h, in the two MPratio clusters (above or below 4.5), respiratory system elastance, mean pulmonary artery pressure and physiological dead space differed by 32%, 36% and 22%, respectively (all p < 0.001), being worse in the high MPratio group. Also, the changes in driving pressure, lung elastance, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, central venous pressure differed by 17%, 64%, 8%, 25%, respectively (all p < 0.001).

Limitations
The main limitation of this study is its retrospective design. In addition, the computation for the expected MP in pigs is based on arbitrary criteria. Different values of expected MP may change the absolute value of MP ratio but will not change the concept of the existence of an injury threshold.

Conclusions
The concept of MPratio is a physiological and intuitive way to quantify the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury. Our results suggest that a mechanical power ratio > 4.5 MPratio in healthy lungs subjected to 48 h of mechanical ventilation appears to be a threshold for the development of ventilator-induced lung injury, as indicated by the convergence of histological, physiological, and anatomical alterations. In humans and in lungs that are already injured, this threshold is likely to be different.
Multi-pose dress simulation of fully-fashioned knitted skirt based on loop structure
Authors: Cheng Bilian , Jiang Gaoming , Li Bingxian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo realize the three-dimensional structure simulation and dress simulation of the fully-fashioned knitted skirt, based on the study of the structural characteristics of the fully-fashioned knitted skirt, the mathematical model of the knitted skirt pattern, the loop geometry mathematical model and the loop mesh model were established by the method of mathematical modelling. The spatial transformation relationship of each pair of triangles in the plate model and the three-dimensional surface model was calculated by using the spatial matrix. To draw a loop on the surface model's triangular patch, spatial transformation was used to calculate the grid point positions and obtain three-dimensional coordinates of the loop-type value points. Based on C# programming language, the human body model in the database was matched with the knitted skirt surface model, and the three-dimensional graphics library Open-GL and loop drawing method were used to realize the simulation of the knitted skirt dress based on the loop structure. The simulation method was tested by the dressing effects of hip skirts and umbrella skirts with different postures. The results showed that the spatial transformation could realize the fast transformation and calculate the coordinates of the loop-type value points. The C# programming language and Open-GL technologies realized the visual simulation of the fully-fashioned knitted skirt and the multi-pose dressing simulation based on the loop structure.
Protocol for a feasibility registry-based randomised controlled trial investigating a tailored follow-up service for stroke (A-LISTS)
Authors: Cadilhac Dominique A. , Ross Andrew G. , Bagot Kathleen L. , Blennerhassett Jannette M. , Kilkenny Monique F. , Kim Joosup , Purvis Tara , Barclay Karen M. , Ellery Fiona , Morrison Julie , Cranefield Jennifer , Kleinig Timothy J. , Grimley Rohan , Jaques Katherine , Wong Dana , Murphy Lisa , Russell Grant , Nelson Mark R. , Thijs Vincent , Scott Colin , Middleton Sandy ,   the A-LISTS investigator group
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Stroke affects long-term physical and cognitive function; many survivors report unmet health needs, such as pain or depression. A hospital-led follow-up service designed to address ongoing health problems may avoid unplanned readmissions and improve quality of life.

Methods
This paper outlines the protocol for a registry-based, randomised controlled trial with allocation concealment of participants and outcome assessors. Based on an intention-to-treat analysis, we will evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, potential effectiveness and cost implications of a new tailored, codesigned, hospital-led follow-up service for people within 6–12 months of stroke. Participants (n = 100) from the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry who report extreme health problems on the EuroQol EQ-5D-3L survey between 90 and 180 days after stroke will be randomly assigned (1:1) to intervention (follow-up service) or control (usual care) groups. All participants will be independently assessed at baseline and 12–14-week post-randomisation. Primary outcomes for feasibility are the proportion of participants completing the trial and for intervention participants the proportion that received follow-up services. Acceptability is satisfaction of clinicians and participants involved in the intervention. Secondary outcomes include effectiveness: change in extreme health problems (EQ-5D-3L), unmet needs (Longer-term Unmet Needs questionnaire), unplanned presentations and hospital readmission, functional independence (modified Rankin Scale) and cost implications estimated from self-reported health service utilisation and productivity (e.g. workforce participation). To inform future research or implementation, the design contains a process evaluation including clinical protocol fidelity and an economic evaluation.

Discussion
The results of this study will provide improved knowledge of service design and implementation barriers and facilitators and associated costs and resource implications to inform a future fully powered effectiveness trial of the intervention.

Trial registration
ACTRN12622001015730pr.

Trial sponsor
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, 245 Burgundy Street, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, PH: +61 3 9035 7032
Non-choice vs. Free-choice: when and how Cydnoseius negevi (Swirski and Amitai) female attack its prey?
Authors: Ramadan Mahmoud M. , Zidan Islam M. , Barghout Marwa E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Cydnoseius negevi (Swirski and Amitai) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a promising bio-agent in the Mediterranean region. It attacks a wide range of pest species. Two fundamental questions have been raised when C. negevi was a promising candidate for biological control applications in a hydroponic system. This study was carried out to answer the raised questions: (1) how long a predatory female takes to attack its prey in a non-choice biological control application? and (2) what do the predatory females prefer when offered a multiple choice (free-choice) of pest preys?, to understand the potentialities of C. negevi attacking behaviour.

Results
Two sets of experiments were conducted for 240 min under laboratory conditions of 27 ± 2 °C, 60 ± 5% RH, and 18:6h L:D photoperiod. The tested prey species were Tetranychus urticae Koch, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), Parlatoria ziziphi (Lucas), and Icerya aegyptiaca (Douglas). Non-choice experiments tested the time (min) needed to the 24 h starved female to attack its prey. The free-choice experiments tested the female’ choices and the time recorded for each female during the full experimental time. Significant differences were recorded in both sets at confidence level of 95%. The spider mite T. urticae recorded the shortest predatory female’s response in both non- and free-choice sets. On the contrary, the insect I. aegyptiaca had the least female’s choice in both sets of experiment.

Conclusion
The present study discussed the behavioural categories of C. negevi. The female responses showed a list of priorities to the tested herbivore species. Such behavioural simulation is considerable for the future pest control applications to predict the generalist predator’s preferences among a wide range of multiple herbivore species.
Link between bacterial communities and contrasted loads in ectoparasitic monogeneans from the external mucus of two wild sparid species (Teleostei)
Authors: Revault Judith , Desdevises Yves , Magnanou Élodie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
While teleost fishes represent two thirds of marine vertebrates, the role of their external microbiota in relationship with their environment remains poorly studied, especially in wild populations. Hence, the interaction of their microbiota with ectoparasites is largely unknown. Microbiota can act as a protective barrier against pathogens, and/or be involved in host recognition by parasites. Thus, host-parasite associations should now be considered as a tripartite interplay where the microbiota shapes the host phenotype and its relation to parasites. Monogeneans (Platyhelminthes) are direct life cycle ectoparasites commonly found on teleost skin and gills. The role of bacterial communities within skin and gill mucus which either pre-exist monogeneans infestation or follow it remain unclear. This is investigated in this study using the association between Sparidae (Teleostei) and their specific monogenean ectoparasites of the Lamellodiscus genus. We are exploring specificity mechanisms through the characterization of the external mucus microbiota of two wild sparid species using 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing. We investigated how these bacterial communities are related to constrated Lamellodiscus monogeneans parasitic load.

Results
Our results revealed that the increase in Lamellodiscus load is linked to an increase in bacterial diversity in the skin mucus of D. annularis specimens. The date of capture of D. annularis individuals appears to influence the Lamellodiscus load. Correlations between the abundance of bacterial taxa and Lamellodiscus load were found in gill mucus of both species. Abundance of Flavobacteriaceae family was strongly correlated with the Lamellodiscus load in gill mucus of both species, as well as the potentially pathogenic bacterial genus Tenacibaculum in D. annularis gill mucus. Negative correlations were observed between Lamellodiscus load and the abundance in Vibrionaceae in gill mucus of D. annularis, and the abundance in Fusobacteria in gill mucus of P. acarne specimens, suggesting potential applications of these bacteria in mitigating parasitic infections in fish.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight the dynamic nature of fish microbiota, in particular in relation with monogeneans infestations in two wild sparid species. More generally, this study emphasizes the links between hosts, bacterial communities and parasites, spanning from the dynamics of co-infection to the potential protective role of the host’s microbiota.
Review of peer bullying in children with hearing loss
Authors: Aktan Rahmiye Nur , Uludağ Büşra , Terlemez Şengül 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPeer bullying is when one or more children systematically engage in aggressive behavior towards another child whom they consider weak. Children with hearing loss face many challenges due to the limitations of their hearing. In addition to these difficulties, the problems become even worse if they are exposed to peer bullying.Children with hearing loss may have more difficulty with social communication and interaction. This can increase the risk of being bullied by peers because bullying is often based on perception or the balance of power against differences.Peer bullying against children with hearing loss can have serious short- and long-term consequences. In the short term, it can increase a child’s stress level, damage their self-confidence and self-esteem, and negatively impact their mental health. Problems such as depression, anxiety, and social isolation may occur in children who are exposed to peer bullying in the long term.Therefore, it is extremely important to protect children with hearing loss against peer bullying and to carry out preventive studies. Strengthening the sense of confidence of children with hearing loss and integrating them into society is of critical importance for their healthy development.
Role of OM-85 BV in the prevention of recurrent acute tonsillitis: a retrospective study and literature review
Authors: Gomes Pedro Marques , Cabral Diogo Cunha , Barreto Joana , Gonçalves Ana Isabel , Duarte Delfim , Azevedo Paula 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aims to assess the effectiveness of OM-85 BV in treating recurrent acute tonsillitis in children and adults during the first year after treatment, as well as to identify response predictors.

Results
The study included 92 patients, and there was a significant decrease in the number of acute tonsillitis cases after OM-85 BV treatment (p < 0.001). Exposure to tobacco smoke predicts non-response or partial response to treatment (OR 5.24, p = 0.005, 95% CI 1.646–16.671/OR 4.57, p = 0.014, 95% CI 1.362–15.339).

Conclusions
The study concludes that OM-85 BV is effective in preventing new episodes of tonsillitis in patients with a history of recurrent acute tonsillitis. Patients exposed to tobacco smoke tend to have a poorer response to treatment.
The prevalence of facial canal dehiscence: first cross-sectional study in Iraq
Authors: Alkhalil Abdullah Rabeea , Mustafa Luqman Ababaker 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The facial nerve is considered a crucial structure and is vulnerable to injury during middle ear and mastoid surgery. The facial canal could be dehiscent in certain populations; therefore, identifying it and avoiding injury to the nerve is an important step during otological surgeries. In this study, we assessed the rate of facial canal dehiscence (FCD) among patients undergoing surgery due to the presence of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM).

Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed between June 2019 and May 2023. We included 102 patients (aged 8–70 years), admitted for primary tympanomastoid exploration due to the presence of CSOM with and without cholesteatoma at Azadi Teaching Hospital in Duhok/Iraq. Cases with a history of trauma or craniofacial abnormalities were excluded from the study. Also, none of the selected patients complained of facial nerve disorders.

Results
Among the 102 patients who were admitted, 11.76% (n = 12) had FCD; they were between the ages of 11 and 58 (average: 30.9) years (18.8% ≤ 18 years vs. 10.5% > 18 years, p = 0.396). The dehiscence was more common in males than females (14.3% vs. 10.0%, p = 0.545) and was also more common on the left side than the right side (13.8% vs. 9.1%, p = 0.547). Of those with the dehiscent facial nerve, 83% (n = 10) had the dehiscence on the tympanic segment. The dehiscence was statistically more common in patients with cholesteatoma than those without (25.9% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.014).

Conclusion
Dehiscence in the facial nerve can be encountered in patients with CSOM, particularly those with cholesteatoma. In such patients, the dehiscence is most commonly found on the tympanic segment of the facial nerve, so care should be taken during surgery for such cases to avoid injury of the nerve.
Cognitive assessment in multiple sclerosis patients: electrophysiological and subjective studies
Authors: Elsayed Abeer , Kotait Mona , Ragab Salma , Gabr Takwa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a persistent inflammatory condition affecting the central nervous system, often associated with cognitive impairment. This impairment frequently presents itself as deficiencies in short-term memory, attention, and information processing speed. This research was designed to investigate P300 in patients with MS and its correlation with their cognitive function and their state of fatigue and depression. This work included two groups: the control group (20 subjects) and the study group (30 MS patients). Evaluation encompassed clinical history, audiological assessment, the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the fatigue severity scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination, and P300 component of event-related potentials (ERPs).

Results
The study group exhibited varying degrees of fatigue and depression. The scores of Addenbrooke’s cognitive evaluation were reduced in the MS group. The MS group exhibited a considerably prolonged P300 latency compared to the control group.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the effectiveness of P300 in assessing cognitive function in persons diagnosed with MS.
Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults—a single-center experience
Authors: Chong-hui Jiang , Ying-ying Su , Wen-ding Fan , Zhi-xin Wu , Yi Su , Qiao Chen , Shao-Juan Huang , Ping Chen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The survival benefit of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) in adult patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency and potential prognostic factors of VV-ECMO for severe ARDS in adults by evaluating our institutional experience and results.

Materials and methods
This research studied ARDS patients receiving VV-ECMO between June 2011 and May 2023. The inclusion criteria were PaO2/FiO2 < 100 mmHg at FiO2 of 1.0. Retrospective data was analyzed to identify factors associated with successful ECMO weaning and hospital discharge survival.

Results
A total of 18 patients were included in this study, with 7 cases (38.9%) successfully weaned from ECMO and 5 cases (27.8%) surviving hospital discharge. The overall complication rate was 77.8%. After treatment with VV ECMO, there were statistically significant improvements in both PaO2 and PaCO2 (P < 0.05). Patients in the successful weaning group had a lower pTB value, less accumulative volume of sodium bicarbonate during ECMO, and lower accumulative volume of intravenous immunoglobulin in the hospital compared to the unsuccessful weaning group (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, compared to the non-survivors, the survivors had less severe acidosis, higher mean arterial pressure before ECMO, a lower level of pCr, and a lower pTB value during ECMO (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion
ECMO can effectively promote oxygenation and carbon dioxide (CO2) removal in patients with severe ARDS. Early initiation of ECMO with appropriate management could benefit in reducing comorbidities and mortality.
Gut-Microbiota-Related Metabolite Phenylacetylglutamine and Risk of Incident Coronary Heart Disease Among Women
Authors: Heianza Yoriko , Tiwari Saumya , Wang Xuan , Watrous Jeramie D , Rexrode Kathryn M , Hu Frank B , Alotaibi Mona , Jain Mohit , Sun Qi , Manson JoAnn E , Qi Lu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Context
Phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln) is a novel metabolite derived from gut microbial metabolism of dietary proteins, specifically phenylalanine, which may be linked to risks of adverse cardiovascular events.

Objective
We investigated whether higher plasma levels of PAGln were associated with a greater risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and tested whether adherence to a plant-based diet, which characterizes habitual dietary patterns of animal and plant food intake, modified the associations.

Methods
We examined associations between plasma PAGln and risk of incident CHD over 11 to 16 years in a nested case-control study of 1520 women (760 incident cases and 760 controls) from the Nurses’ Health Study. Separately, we analyzed relations between PAGln and dietary intakes measured through dietary records in the Women's Lifestyle Validation Study (n = 725).

Results
Higher PAGln levels were related to a greater risk of CHD (P &lt; .05 for dose-response relationship). Higher PAGln was associated with greater red/processed meat intake and lower vegetable intake (P &lt; .05 for all). We found a significant interaction between PAGln and adherence to plant-based diet index (PDI) on CHD (Pinteraction = .008); higher PAGln levels were associated with an increased risk of CHD (relative risk per 1 SD: 1.22 [95% CI: 1.05, 1.41]) among women with low PDI but not among those with high PDI.

Conclusion
Higher PAGln was associated with higher risk of CHD, particularly in women with dietary patterns of eating more animal foods and fewer plant-based foods. Adherence to plant-based diets might attenuate unfavorable associations between a novel microbial metabolite and CHD risk.
Effectiveness of Different Treatment Modalities in Initial and Chronic Phases of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis
Authors: Alves Junior Jose Mario , Bernardo Wanderley , Villagelin Danilo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Thyroid eye disease (TED), a common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves disease, poses significant management challenges due to potential disfigurement, visual impairment, and decreased quality of life. Uncertainties remain about the optimal treatment approach, especially regarding TED duration and its impact on outcomes.

Objective
This meta-analysis evaluates the effects of various treatments on inflammatory markers and severity endpoints in TED, stratified by disease duration, distinguishing between treatments initiated within the first 6 months (initial phase) and those initiated thereafter (subacute/chronic phase).

Methods
Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of multiple electronic databases yielded 26 studies meeting predefined inclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed, and data were meticulously extracted and analyzed.

Results
In the initial phase, treatments like corticosteroids and teprotumumab showed significant improvements in clinical activity score, proptosis, and diplopia. In the subacute/chronic phase, the efficacy of methylprednisolone and teprotumumab is reduced. A “critical window” effect was observed, with treatments showing diminished efficacy after 6 months of TED duration.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis highlights the importance of tailoring treatment strategies based on TED duration, emphasizing early interventions to maximize benefits. The findings guide clinicians in selecting optimal treatments and underscore the need for further research to refine evidence-based approaches, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.