bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Access to Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Under Pay for Performance
Authors: Epstein Arnold M. , Joynt Karen E. , Jha Ashish K. , Orav E. John 
Published: August 2014

Background—
Although pay for performance (P4P) has become common, many worry that P4P will lead providers to avoid offering surgical procedures to the sickest patients out of concern that poor outcomes will lead to financial penalties.

Methods and Results—

We used Medicare data to compare change in rates of coronary artery bypass graft surgery between 2002 to 2003 and 2008 to 2009 among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) admitted to 126 hospitals participating in Medicare’s Premier Hospital Quality Incentive Demonstration P4P program with patients in 848 control hospitals participating in public reporting through the Health Quality Alliance. We examined rates for all patients with AMI and those in the top decile of predicted mortality based on demographics, medical comorbidities, and AMI characteristics. We identified 91 393 patients admitted for AMI in Premier hospitals and 502 536 Medicare patients admitted for AMI in control hospitals. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery rates for patients with AMI in Premier decreased from 13.6% in 2002 to 2003 to 10.4% in 2008 to 2009; there was a comparable decrease in non-Premier hospitals (13.6%–10.6%;
P
value for comparison of changes between Premier and non-Premier, 0.67). Coronary artery bypass graft surgery rates for high-risk patients in Premier decreased from 8.4% in FY 2002 to 203 to 8.2% in 2008 to 2009. Patterns were similar in non-Premier hospitals (8.4%–8.3%;
P
value for comparison of changes between Premier and non-Premier, 0.82).

Conclusions—
Our results show no evidence of a deleterious effect of P4P on access to coronary artery bypass graft surgery for high-risk patients with AMI. These results should be reassuring to those concerned about the potential negative effect of P4P on high-risk patients.
Local Wintertime Tropospheric Response to Oceanic Heat Anomalies in the Nordic Seas Area
Authors: Schlichtholz Pawel 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
A regression analysis between observed summertime Atlantic water temperature anomalies at the entrance to the Barents Sea and atmospheric fields in the following winter from the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis in the period 1982–2006 is carried out. It shows that the ocean plays a key role in shaping wintertime tropospheric variability in the Nordic seas (Greenland–Iceland–Norwegian and Barents Seas) region. The oceanically driven atmospheric circulation anomaly around the Nordic seas marginal ice zone is intensified at the surface as a result of a thermally direct baroclinic adjustment. Frictional convergence in the cyclonic disturbance corresponding to warm ocean temperature anomalies forces ascending motion at the top of the planetary boundary layer and a compensating divergence aloft, which over the Barents Sea is extreme at the tropopause. A quasi-meridional overturning circulation anomaly is closed by descending motion south of the cyclonic disturbance. In addition, an equivalent barotropic flow anomaly appears in the upper troposphere. It is partly driven by eddy–mean flow interactions, as revealed by anomalies in the vorticity budget. The atmospheric response to oceanic forcing in the Nordic seas area is unique because of the prominent role of surface friction and because of specific profiles of diabatic heating and eddy heat flux convergence over the Barents Sea. As revealed by anomalies in the heat budget, the combined effect of diabatic heating and thermal eddy forcing acts, when the diabatic heating is positive, as a heat sink at the surface and a heat source aloft. The strongest anomalous heating occurs in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere where it counteracts the dynamic cooling owing to anomalous ascending motion.
Diverse modes of genomic alteration in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Jhunjhunwala Suchit , Jiang Zhaoshi , Stawiski Eric W , Gnad Florian , Liu Jinfeng , Mayba Oleg , Du Pan , Diao Jingyu , Johnson Stephanie , Wong Kwong-Fai , Gao Zhibo , Li Yingrui , Wu Thomas D , Kapadia Sharookh B , Modrusan Zora , French Dorothy M , Luk John M , Seshagiri Somasekar , Zhang Zemin 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous disease with high mortality rate. Recent genomic studies have identified TP53, AXIN1, and CTNNB1 as the most frequently mutated genes. Lower frequency mutations have been reported in ARID1A, ARID2 and JAK1. In addition, hepatitis B virus (HBV) integrations into the human genome have been associated with HCC.

Results
Here, we deep-sequence 42 HCC patients with a combination of whole genome, exome and transcriptome sequencing to identify the mutational landscape of HCC using a reasonably large discovery cohort. We find frequent mutations in TP53, CTNNB1 and AXIN1, and rare but likely functional mutations in BAP1 and IDH1. Besides frequent hepatitis B virus integrations at TERT, we identify translocations at the boundaries of TERT. A novel deletion is identified in CTNNB1 in a region that is heavily mutated in multiple cancers. We also find multiple high-allelic frequency mutations in the extracellular matrix protein LAMA2. Lower expression levels of LAMA2 correlate with a proliferative signature, and predict poor survival and higher chance of cancer recurrence in HCC patients, suggesting an important role of the extracellular matrix and cell adhesion in tumor progression of a subgroup of HCC patients.

Conclusions
The heterogeneous disease of HCC features diverse modes of genomic alteration. In addition to common point mutations, structural variations and methylation changes, there are several virus-associated changes, including gene disruption or activation, formation of chimeric viral-human transcripts, and DNA copy number changes. Such a multitude of genomic events likely contributes to the heterogeneous nature of HCC.
GoIFISH: a system for the quantification of single cell heterogeneity from IFISH images
Authors: Trinh Anne , Rye Inga H , Almendro Vanessa , Helland Åslaug , Russnes Hege G , Markowetz Florian 
Published: August 2014

AbstractMolecular analysis has revealed extensive intra-tumor heterogeneity in human cancer samples, but cannot identify cell-to-cell variations within the tissue microenvironment. In contrast, in situ analysis can identify genetic aberrations in phenotypically defined cell subpopulations while preserving tissue-context specificity. GoIFISH is a widely applicable, user-friendly system tailored for the objective and semi-automated visualization, detection and quantification of genomic alterations and protein expression obtained from fluorescence in situ analysis. In a sample set of HER2-positive breast cancers GoIFISH is highly robust in visual analysis and its accuracy compares favorably to other leading image analysis methods. GoIFISH is freely available at www.sourceforge.net/projects/goifish/.
Phenotypic Shift of Adipocytes by Cholecalciferol and 1α,25 Dihydroxycholecalciferol in Relation to Inflammatory Status and Calcium Content
Authors: Zoico Elena , Franceschetti Guido , Chirumbolo Salvatore , Rossi Andrea P. , Mazzali Gloria , Rizzatti Vanni , Budui Simona , Zamboni Mauro 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Recent experimental data seem to suggest a relevant role for 1,25[OH]2cholecalciferol (1,25[OH]2D3) in adipocyte physiology and pathophysiology, with some studies showing adipogenic and pro-inflammatory properties, and others lipolytic and anti-inflammatory functions. Moreover, to our knowledge, the role of cholecalciferol (D3) in adipocytes function is still not known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the effects of 1,25[OH]2D3, as well as of D3, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in basal and inflammatory conditions, testing the effects of different calcium concentrations in adipocytes culture medium. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, CYP27A1 and CYP27B1 mRNA were detected in basal conditions and induced after D3 treatment. Pre-treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes not only with 1,25[OH]2D3, but also with D3 before inflammatory stimulation, significantly prevented the increase in gene expression and protein secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α, and significantly increased IL-10 mRNA and protein production compared with adipocytes treated only with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Biological effects of D3 were still present after inhibition of P450 activity with ketokonazole. LPS determined a decrease in cell area compared with controls, paralleled by a significant increase in optical density (OD) of lipid droplets, whereas 1,25[OH]2D3 and D3 alone significantly increased adipocytes area and decreased OD. Pretreatment with both forms of vitamin D preserved cells from the reduction in their area observed after LPS treatment. LPS decreased more the area of cells grown in a high calcium medium than of adipocytes grown in a low calcium medium. In the presence of a high calcium medium, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment preserved cell area, maintaining its anti-inflammatory and adipogenic properties. In conclusion our results show that D3, besides 1,25[OH]2D3, presents anti-inflammatory effects on 3T3-L1, as well as that adipocytes have the enzymatic pathways necessary to locally regulate the production of active forms of vitamin D, capable of influencing adipocyte phenotype and function.
Excess Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary Mixtures of N-Methylcyclohexylamine and Toluene with 1-Alcohols
Authors: Venkatramana Losetty , Rao C Narasimha , Kumar Kasibhatta Siva , Gardas Ramesh L 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Excess volume and speed of sound data for the ternary mixtures were reported at 303.15 K over the entire composition range for three ternary mixtures containing N-methylcyclohexylamine and toluene as common components and 1-alcohols as third component, namely 1-propanol, 1-butanol, and 1-pentanol. The experimental speed of sound and density of ternary mixtures were used to compute isentropic compressibility (ḱs123) and the quantity Δks123, the difference between measured value and that computed from the constituent binary data. Further, the experimental ternary excess volume data were compared with calculated data obtained by empirical relations proposed by Redlich–Kister, Kohler, Tsao–Smith, and Hwang. The results were analyzed on the basis of intermolecular interactions between component molecules and also in terms of constituent binary data.
Anharmonic Downward Distortion Following for Automated Exploration of Quantum Chemical Potential Energy Surfaces
Authors: Maeda Satoshi , Taketsugu Tetsuya , Morokuma Keiji , Ohno Koichi 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
This article gives a comprehensive review of the anharmonic downward distortion following (ADDF) method. The ADDF method has been developed as an automated reaction path search method. This method follows the anharmonic downward distortion (ADD) toward transition states and dissociation channels starting from a local minimum on the potential energy surface (PES). Systematic applications of the ADDF method to all local minima provide a global network of reaction pathways on the PES of given chemical formulas. Various extensions have been proposed and applied to many interesting chemical problems such as elucidation of photodissociation mechanisms, structure prediction of H-bonded clusters, mechanistic studies of organometallic catalysis, design of generation–conversion routes of amino acid molecules, and so on. It has also been employed in efficient construction of anharmonic PESs for highly accurate vibrational analysis. These developments and applications are illustrated with some representative results.
Substituent Site Effect Induced Assemblies of Porphyrin Derivatives on Graphite Surface Characterized Using a Scanning Probe Microscope
Authors: Li Min , Xu Haijun , Yang Yanlian , Zhao Lina , Shen Zhen , Zeng Qingdao , Wang Chen 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The assembly behavior of both symmetrically substituted tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) (sym-16OTPP, meso-tetra(3,5-dihexadecyloxyphenyl)) and asymmetrically substituted tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) (asym-16OTPP, meso-tetra(3,4-dihexadecyloxyphenyl)) on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface has been studied by a scanning probe microscope in this work. Scanning tunneling microscope results show that asym-16OTPP and sym-16OTPP form different arrangements on the graphite surface in a “face-on” manner due to different site substitution. The atomic force microscope detection further confirms the site effect on one-dimensional ordered assembling structures formed from sym- and asym-16OTPP on HOPG by adopting the “edge-on” mode.
A Facile One-pot Route to One-dimensional Fe3O4–Polypyrrole Nanocomposites
Authors: Chen Fei , Chen Aihua 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) Fe3O4–PPy nanocomposites was successfully accomplished by using an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO)-mediated vapor deposition polymerization (VDP) method via a one-pot route. The observation of the Fe3O4–PPy nanocomposites confirmed that the morphology of the products was influenced effectively by the size of the AAO template, and the in situ formation procedure effectively prevented the aggregation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with ca. 3 nm diameter.
Response of stream ecosystem function and structure to sediment metal: Context-dependency and variation among endpoints
Authors: Costello David M. , Burton G. Allen 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPhysicochemical and ecological attributes of ecosystems (i.e., environmental context) can modify the exposure and effects of metals, which presents a challenge for ecosystem management. Furthermore, the functional and structural attributes of an ecosystem may not respond equally to metals or be uniformly responsive to environmental context. We explored how physicochemical and ecological context modified sediment metal dose-response for a suite of functional and structural measures. Two sediments with high (HB) and low (LB) acid volatile sulfide and organic carbon content (i.e., physicochemical context) were amended with copper and nickel to establish a gradient of treatments from non-toxic to potentially toxic. Sediments were deployed in each of two streams (i.e., ecological context), incubated for four weeks, and measured for sediment microbe, biofilm, and macroinvertebrate dose-response to metal. The dose-response of microbial function was affected by physicochemical context, with cotton decomposition negatively related to sediment metal only on LB sediments. The abundance of invertebrates from the orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) responded negatively to sediment metal only on LB sediments; however, this dose-response was only observed in one stream, likely because of greater abundance of sensitive EPT taxa (i.e., Baetidae and Ephemerellidae). Biofilm structure was negatively affected by sediment metal in only one stream and there was no difference in dose-response between the two sediment types. Biofilm function was affected by sediment type and stream; production by biofilms exposed to HB sediment was negatively related to sediment metal in only one stream. In all, the majority of our endpoints exhibited responses that were modified by environmental context; however, each component of the ecosystem exhibited unique context dependency. For management of sediment metals, an understanding of context dependency is useful for informed decision-making, but the application of simple contextual filters are unlikely to protect all elements of an ecosystem.
Diabetes outpatient care before and after admission for diabetic foot complications
Authors: Ellis E. , Ballance K. , Lunt H. , Lewis D. 
Published: August 2014

Objective: To assess the number of patients admitted with a diabetic foot complication to a regional teaching hospital over a 12-month period (July 2005 to June 2006) and determine the percentage that went though an optimal diabetes outpatient management pathway before and after this admission. Method: Diabetic inpatients with foot ulcers and infections were identified through the relevant International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. Both inpatient and outpatient data were obtained through the local electronic patient management system and review of clinical notes. Results: Forty-nine patients were admitted to hospital with diabetic foot ulcers or infections during the audit period. Median age was 66 years and 67% were male. The most common admitting speciality was vascular surgery. The main associated procedure was toe amputation. In the six month period before and after the index admission, 63% of patients were seen by a health professional at the diabetes centre before or after the admission. 45% of patients were seen at the diabetes centre before and after the admission; 33% were seen by a podiatrist before and after the admission. However, 37% had no contact with the diabetes Centre and 51% did not see a podiatrist from the diabetes centre at any time during the six months before and after their admission. Conclusion: Despite the availability of a multidisciplinary high risk foot clinic, only 45% of patients admitted to our regional hospital during the audit period followed an interdisciplinary pathway that included specialist diabetes input of some form and only 33% were assessed by a specialist diabetes podiatrist both before and after their hospital admission. A formalised patient pathway is likely to improve clinical management and may minimise further admissions. In this way it will help reduce morbidity and mortality in this high-risk patient group. In the future, this might best be achieved using an electronic referral and decision support system.
Amenable minimal Cantor systems of free groups arising from diagonal actions
Authors: Suzuki Yuhei 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
We study amenable minimal Cantor systems of free groups
arising from the diagonal actions of the boundary actions and certain Cantor systems.
It is shown that every virtually free group
admits continuously many amenable minimal Cantor systems
whose crossed products are mutually non-isomorphic Kirchberg algebras in the UCT class
(with explicitly determined K-theory).
The technique developed in our study also enables us to compute the K-theory of
certain amenable minimal Cantor systems.
We apply it to the diagonal actions of
the boundary actions and the products of the odometer transformations,
and determine their K-theory.
Then we classify them in terms of the topological full groups, continuous orbit equivalence,
strong orbit equivalence, and the crossed products.
»Il maladetto fiore«. Zu Philosophie und Psychologie des Geldes bei Dante
Authors: Hoffmann Thomas Sören 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
Il contributo mette in luce, attraverso una lettura dei passi relativi al tema nella Divina Commedia, il pensiero di Dante riguardo al denaro, e il sistema etico ed economico su cui si basa tale pensiero. Dante non conosce ancora una concezione sistemica dell’economia nel senso dell’epoca moderna; egli si attiene alla teoria, all’etica e alla psicologia del denaro com’era nota alla tradizione aristotelica, la quale vede già nell’istituzione del denaro in quanto tale un fattore di sopraffazione, ovvero di possibile ingiustizia. Tuttavia, Dante aggiunge a questo modello di pensiero il motivo della Fortuna, e inoltre la trasforma attraverso il tentativo di inserirvi il pauperismo francescano. Le riflessioni di Dante lasciano trasparire un concetto di »bene comune«, il quale aumenta proporzionalmente alla possibilità che hanno i singoli di parteciparvi
Do ut des oder wie ›Dante‹ in der Commedia mit den Seelen handelt
Authors: Schwarze Michael 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
Il quesito che fa da sfondo al presente lavoro è quello di individuare, nella Commedia, argomentazioni o procedimenti discorsivi che mostrino analogie strutturali con principi fondamentali dello scambio di denaro. L’analisi si concentra sugli scambi di battute, perlopiù brevi, fra Dante-personaggio e le anime che incontra nell’Inferno e nel Purgatorio. In questi dialoghi, Dante si serve di un modello argomentativo di stampo mercantile: infatti, essi si presentano spesso come delle trattative in cui, seguendo il principio del Do ut des, si scambiano favori immateriali. Partendo da questo assunto, il saggio propone alcune microletture che s’interrogano sul profitto di tali scambi - sia per le anime che vi partecipano, sia per l’io narrante della Commedia. Ne emergerà che, a più riprese, il modello argomentativo mercantile sovrasta il modello esegetico cristiano, che pur gli è generalmente sovraordinato. In questo modo, dal testo dantesco scaturisce una fondamentale ambivalenza: gli affari di scambi assolvono sia ad una funzione esemplare che autocostruttiva. Questa doppia strategia della Commedia, infatti, consiste nel fatto che gli scambi di favori immateriali messi in scena da essa sono sia affari conclusi nel nome di Dio che nel nome di un autore alla ricerca di autorità.
Armut und geistiger Aufstieg. San Francesco und Dante
Authors: Westerwelle Karin 
Published: August 2014

Riassunto
Qual’è il rapporto fra arte e povertà? Possono, la pittura e la letteratura, rappresentare forme radicali di povertà? Quanto povera e bisognosa in senso materiale, e quanto ricca e virtuosa in senso spirituale appare la donna Povertà che Giotto ha dipinto sulla volta a crociera della Basilica inferiore di Assisi? Nell’undicesimo Canto del Paradiso Dante presenta il personaggio di San Francesco, fondatore dell’ordine omonimo, la cui vita viene narrata dalla voce di San Tommaso d’Aquino, domenicano ed esponente della scolastica. Nella sua presentazione, Dante non si attiene a uno stile retorico ›povero‹, e non rispetta il divieto »sine glossa« formulato da Francesco: infatti il discorso di Tommaso, per rendere trasparente il proprio ermetismo, non può fare a meno di autocommenti e di glosse. Per descrivere il luogo in cui Francesco ricevette le stimmate, Dante si serve di una strategia di visibilizzazione che, con i fiumi Arno e Tevere, evoca topografie e cultura cittadine, ovvero una ricchezza del tutto materiale. Il dibattito fondamentale che Dante apre con l’ideale di povertà di San Francesco, sta nel confronto tra l’ascesa della figura allegorica della donna Povertà e quella di Beatrice. La differenziazione delle due figure segna il divario tra etica religiosa e visione artistica: si dischiude allora uno spazio letterario fondato in questo modo da Dante
Selective fluorescence sensor for Cu2+ with a novel triazole Schiff-base derivative with coumarin units
Authors: Wang Wei , Yuan Wen-Jing , Liu Qing-Lei , Lei Ya-Nan , Qi Shuai , Gao Yan 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Novel triazole Schiff-base derivative 3 bearing a coumarin unit was synthesized by the reaction of 4-formylbenzocoumarin (1) with 3,5-diphenyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole (2). The structure of the product was characterized by means of IR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. The UV-vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectra of compound 3 exhibit blue-shifted absorption and fluorescent enhancement upon chelation to cupric ion. Fluorometric titration revealed a 2:1 ligand to metal ratio in the complex and the binding constant of 4.62×106
m
-1.