bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Glyme Ether Chain Length on the Interphasial Stability of Lithium‐Electrode in High‐Capacity Lithium‐Metal Battery
Authors: Dutta Arghya , Matsushita Kyosuke , Kubo Yoshimi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe realization of lithium‐metal (Li) batteries faces challenges due to dendritic Li deposition causing internal short‐circuit and low Coulombic efficiency. In this regard, the Li‐deposition stability largely depends on the electrolyte, which reacts with Li to form a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with diverse physico‐chemical properties, and dictates the interphasial kinetics. Therefore, optimizing the electrolyte for stability and performance remains pivotal. Hereof, glyme ethers are an emerging class of electrolytes, showing improved compatibility with metallic Li and enhanced stability in Li─Air and Li─Sulfur batteries. Yet, the criteria for selecting glyme solvents, particularly concerning Li deposition and dissolution processes, remain unclear. The SEI characteristics and Li deposition/dissolution processes are investigated in glyme‐ether‐based electrolytes with varying chain lengths, using lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) and lithium nitrate (LiNO₃) salts under high capacity and limited electrolyte conditions. Longer glymes led to more homogeneous SEI, particularly pronounced with LiNO₃, minimizing surface roughness during stripping, and promoting compact Li deposits. Higher reductive stability, resulting in homogeneous interphasial properties, and slower kinetics due to high desolvation barrier and viscosity, underline stable Li growth in longer glymes. This study clarifies factors guiding the selection of glyme ether‐based electrolytes in Li metal batteries, offering insights for next‐generation energy storage systems.
A Study on h‐BN Resistive Switching Temporal Response
Authors: Musisi‐Nkambwe Mirembe , Afshari Sahra , Xie Jing , Warner Hailey , Sanchez Esqueda Ivan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPrevious work that studied hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) memristor DC resistive‐switching characteristics is extended to include an experimental understanding of their dynamic behavior upon programming or synaptic weight update. The focus is on the temporal resistive switching response to driving stimulus (programming voltage pulses) effecting conductance updates during training in neural network crossbar implementations. Test arrays are fabricated at the wafer level, enabled by the transfer of CVD‐grown few‐layer (8 layer) or multi‐layer (18 layer) h‐BN films. A comprehensive study of their temporal response under various conditions–voltage pulse amplitude, edge rate (pulse rise/fall times), and temperature–provides new insights into the resistive switching process toward optimized devices and improvements in their implementation of artificial neural networks. The h‐BN memristors can achieve multi‐state operation through ultrafast pulsed switching (< 25 ns) with high energy efficiency (≈10 pJ pulse−1).
Exploiting an Interfacial Reaction in Perovskite Solar Cells: Quaternary Alkylammonium Ionic Salt Dopants for Spiro‐OMeTAD
Authors: Jung Sung‐Kwang , Park Keonwoo , Lee Joo‐Hong , Choi Seung‐Gu , Choi Ji Seong , Kang Seong Min , Jeon Il , Lee Jin‐Wook 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe ionic salt dopants devised to replace lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (Li‐TFSI) used to dope widely used spiro‐OMeTAD hole transporting material in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been reported to effectively suppress undesired side effects caused by the Li‐TFSI. Nevertheless, roles of cationic molecules and its potential interactions with underlying perovskite film surface is largely unexplored. Here, it is unraveled that ionic salts introduced into the spiro‐OMeTAD layer can chemically interact with underlying perovskite to induce an interfacial reaction. Inspiring from such interaction, a strategy is proposed to benefit from the interfacial reaction between the cation used for the dopant and underlying perovskite film surface to passivate surface defects. A simple quaternary alkylammonium salt, tetramethylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TMA‐TFSI) is strategically adopted to demonstrate proof‐of‐concept devices. The TMA‐TFSI not just functioned as an effective dopant for oxidizing spiro‐OMeTAD with enhanced environmental stability, but also formed a 1D passivation layer through an interfacial reaction with the underlying perovskite film surface. Consequently, operational and environmental stability of the PSC are significantly enhanced with improved power output. This work should provide an important insight into the design of effective ionic salt dopants for PSCs to simultaneously improve performance and operational stability.
Irrigation termination has the potential to improve cotton yield and quality on different soil types
Authors: Farhadi Machekposhti Mabood , Leib Brian G. , Xie Shuhua , Raper Tyson B. , Grant Timothy James 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIrrigation termination timing is challenging for cotton producers in humid regions, especially for fields with varying soil types. A field experiment was conducted in Jackson, TN, to investigate the best cotton irrigation termination on different soil types. The water management treatments consisted of rainfed conditions (RF) and terminating irrigation 2 weeks before the first crack boll (ITBC1 and ITBC2), at the first crack boll (ITC1 and ITC2), and 2 weeks after the first cracked boll (ITAC1 and ITAC2). The irrigation rates consisted of normal irrigation (2) and increased irrigation (1) during the 2 weeks prior to irrigation termination. Irrigation treatments were implemented on three soils: a low, an intermediate, and a high available water‐holding capacity (AWHC) soil. In sandy soil, seed yield increased by 127% in 2015 with the ITAC1 treatment and by 313% in 2016 with the ITC1 treatment, compared to the control (RF). These treatments were also found to be optimal for lint yield and irrigation water productivity in their respective years. The high AWHC soil did not require any irrigation in either growing season to optimize yield. In fact, irrigating at a high rate at every termination date caused yield loss in 2015. These results indicate that cotton can benefit from later termination and higher irrigation rates when soil water and rainfall are low at the end of the growing season or be harmed when the opposite is true.
Planting time and seeding rate impact insect feeding, ear rots, and forage nutritive value in silage corn
Authors: Kaur Harkirat , Difonzo Christina , Cassida Kimberly A. , Chilvers Martin I. , Singh Maninder Pal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPlanting date and seeding rate affect the microclimate within a crop field. They can influence lepidopteran insect infestation and fungal infections and are an important part of crop management strategy. Altering planting date and seeding rate can also influence yield and quality of silage corn (Zea mays L.). Field research was conducted to identify optimum planting time and seeding rate to minimize insect feeding, ear rot infections, and mycotoxin accumulation in silage corn without compromising yield and quality. Replicated field trials were conducted across multiple site‐years in Michigan with three planting dates (early: April 25–May 10; mid: May 11–25; and late: May 26–June 10) and/or four seeding rates (ranging from 69,160 to 113,620 seeds ha−1, in increments of 14,800 seeds ha−1). Mid‐planting yielded 12%–15% less forage than early and late plantings, partly due to greater insect feeding injury and fungal infections observed in the former. Neutral detergent fiber digestibility, starch, and crude protein concentration were greatest for early planting. Greater predicted milk per hectare and milk per megagram for early planting also indicated superior silage quality. Increasing seeding rate increased insect feeding and ear rot injury only when severity was >5% and >15%, respectively. The impact of increasing seeding rate on dry forage yield was specific to each site‐year. Overall, results showed that early planting of silage corn helps to escape insect and disease pressure and provides better yield and quality, while seeding rate response is variable and dependent on the field environment.
The motivations and methods behind sharing a pediatric Prader–Willi syndrome diagnosis
Authors: Moy Victoria F. , Denton Jessica J. , Bohonowych Jessica E. , Strong Theresa V. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPrader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic condition caused by a lack of paternally‐expressed imprinted genes at chromosome 15q11.2‐q13 and characterized by hyperphagia, behavioral challenges, and variable intellectual disability. Once a PWS diagnosis is established, sharing diagnosis information with an affected child can be challenging due to its early age of onset and diverse phenotype. This mixed‐methods study aimed to evaluate how parents and guardians have shared a PWS diagnosis with their child and examine the motivating and influencing factors behind their disclosure. Parents and guardians of children with PWS aged at least 5 years completed a survey, and a select group completed an interview. A total of 51 surveys and 15 interviews were completed, with the majority of participants (n = 46; 90%) having shared at least some diagnosis information with their child. Parents and guardians were more likely to disclose if they self‐reported a higher level of knowledge about PWS (p = 0.004) and if their child is currently older (p = 0.02) and/or has at least one sibling (p = 0.046). Interview analysis revealed 15 themes and 10 subthemes that illustrated parents' motivations, methods, and experiences with disclosure. This research provides information for others considering disclosure of PWS or another rare diagnosis with their child.
Reclassification of an FBN1 variant emphasizes the importance of segregation analysis, information sharing, and multidisciplinary teamwork in understanding genetic variants in health and disease
Authors: Lildballe Dorte L. , Markholt Sara , Lyngholm Christina Daugaard , Hao Qin , Fagerberg Christina , Nielsen Dorte Guldbrand , Svensmark Julius Hannibal , Diness Birgitte Rode , Gregersen Pernille A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMarfan syndrome (MFS) is a complex connective tissue disorder characterized by considerable clinical variability. The diagnosis of MFS is based on the Ghent criteria, which require the presence of both clinical and genetic features. MFS is primarily caused by pathogenic alterations in FBN1, which encodes the fibrillin‐1 protein. Fibrillin‐1 comprises multiple domains rich in cysteine residues, with disulfide bonds formed between these residues. It has long been recognized that variants that alter or introduce cysteine residues damage protein function, leading to the development of MFS. In this study, we report a cysteine‐introducing variant: FBN1 variant, c.6724C>T (p.[Arg2242Cys]). We have observed this variant in several individuals without MFS, challenging our previous understanding of the underlying mechanism of MFS. This finding emphasizes the importance of revisiting and reevaluating our current knowledge in light of new and unexpected observations. Moreover, our study highlights the significance of incorporating local and national data on allele frequencies, as well as employing multidisciplinary phenotyping approaches, in the classification of genetic variants. By considering a wide range of information, we can enhance the accuracy and reliability of variant classification, ultimately improving the diagnosis and management of individuals with genetic disorders like MFS.
Assessing the lack of diversity in genetics research across neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review of the GWAS Catalog and literature
Authors: Jonson Caroline , Levine Kristin S. , Lake Julie , Hertslet Linnea , Jones Lietsel , Patel Dhairya , Kim Jeff , Bandres‐Ciga Sara , Terry Nancy , Mata Ignacio F. , Blauwendraat Cornelis , Singleton Andrew B. , Nalls Mike A. , Yokoyama Jennifer S. , Leonard Hampton L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe under‐representation of non‐European cohorts in neurodegenerative disease genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) hampers precision medicine efforts. Despite the inherent genetic and phenotypic diversity in these diseases, GWAS research consistently exhibits a disproportionate emphasis on participants of European ancestry. This study reviews GWAS up to 2022, focusing on non‐European or multi‐ancestry neurodegeneration studies. We conducted a systematic review of GWAS results and publications up to 2022, focusing on non‐European or multi‐ancestry neurodegeneration studies. Rigorous article inclusion and quality assessment methods were employed. Of 123 neurodegenerative disease (NDD) GWAS reviewed, 82% predominantly featured European ancestry participants. A single European study identified over 90 risk loci, compared to a total of 50 novel loci in identified in all non‐European or multi‐ancestry studies. Notably, only six of the loci have been replicated. The significant under‐representation of non‐European ancestries in NDD GWAS hinders comprehensive genetic understanding. Prioritizing genomic diversity in future research is crucial for advancing NDD therapies and understanding.Highlights
Eighty‐two percent of neurodegenerative genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) focus on Europeans.
Only 6 of 50 novel neurodegenerative disease (NDD) genetic loci have been replicated.
Lack of diversity significantly hampers understanding of NDDs.
Increasing diversity in NDD genetic research is urgently required.
New initiatives are aiming to enhance diversity in NDD research.
Metabolic Dysfunction in New‐Onset Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Identification of Novel Biomarkers
Authors: Korsbæk Johanne Juhl , Jensen Rigmor Højland , Beier Dagmar , Wibroe Elisabeth Arnberg , Hagen Snorre Malm , Molander Laleh Dehghani , Gillum Matthew Paul , Svart Katrine , Hansen Thomas Folkmann , Kogelman Lisette J.A. , Westgate Connar Stanley James 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurometabolic disease with an increasing incidence. The pathophysiology is unknown, but improvement of diagnosis and management requires discovery of novel biomarkers. Our objective was to identify such candidate biomarkers in IIH, and secondarily, test for associations between identified metabolites and disease severity.MethodsThis is a prospective case–control study with collection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum, and clinical data from new‐onset, treatment‐naïve patients with IIH (n = 60). Patients were included consecutively from 2 tertiary headache centers in Denmark, and age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) ‐matched healthy controls (n = 35) were recruited. Clinical data were retrieved at ocular remission (n = 55). Samples were analyzed using non‐targeted mass spectrometry.ResultsSerum sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P), adenosine, and glutamate were 0.46‐fold (q < 0.0001), 0.25‐fold (q = 0.0048), and 0.44‐fold (q < 0.0001) lower, respectively, in IIH. CSF stearoyl‐lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC‐18) and 2‐palmitoyl‐lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC‐16) were 0.42 (q = 0.0025) and 0.37 (q < 0.001) ‐fold lower. LysoPC‐18 was higher in patients with moderate–severe versus mild papilledema (p = 0.022). LysoPC‐18 correlated positively with retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (p = 0.0012, r = 0.42) and inversely with mean deviation on automated perimetry (p = 0.01, r = −0.35). Higher baseline serum S1P (p = 0.018) and lower CSF LysoPC‐16 (p = 0.003) were associated with optic nerve atrophy at ocular remission. Pathway analysis suggests dysregulated lipid metabolism and redox disturbances in new‐onset IIH.InterpretationWe identify perturbed metabolism in new‐onset IIH. S1P and LysoPC‐16 demonstrate potential prognostic value due to association with subsequent optic nerve atrophy. This association between specific, differential metabolites and outcome provides substantial evidence for novel biomarkers of clinical significance that should be the focus of further targeted studies. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:595–607
TERRA G‐quadruplex stabilization behind the anti‐multiple myeloma activity: Novel insights about resveratrol pleiotropic effects
Authors: Rocca Roberta , Ascrizzi Serena , Citriniti Emanuele Liborio , Scionti Francesca , Juli Giada , Di Martino Maria Teresa , Caracciolo Daniele , Artese Anna , Tagliaferri Pierosandro , Tassone Pierfrancesco , Grillone Katia , Alcaro Stefano 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResveratrol (RSV) is a nutraceutical compound belonging to the nonflavonoid polyphenol family, whose antioxidants, anti‐inflammatory, and antitumoral properties have been widely investigated. The ability of RSV to provide beneficial effects for neurological, cardiovascular, and cancer disorders rekindled the interest to explore the molecular mechanisms behind its pleiotropic effects, which are due to the modulation of coding and noncoding genes involved in many key biological pathways. With a computational approach, including docking studies and thermodynamics calculations followed by 200‐ns‐long molecular dynamics and a clustering analysis, we hypothesized the stabilizing binding between RSV and G4 structures of telomeric repeat‐containing RNA (TERRA), which is a tumor‐suppressive long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) involved in the regulation of telomere maintenance. In vitro studies performed on cellular models of multiple myeloma (MM) strengthened our hypothesis by highlighting that the antiproliferative and apoptotic effect induced by the treatment with RSV is associated with an increase of TERRA transcript and with upregulation of telomeric heterochromatin markers, such as H3K27Me3 and H4K20Me3, and of the hallmark of apoptosis, cleaved‐poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1. Our results propose innovative insights underlying the multifaceted role of RSV in MM, by pointing out the role of this natural compound in an lncRNA‐mediated regulation to counteract cellular immortality.
An alpha 5‐GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator attenuates social and cognitive deficits without changing dopamine system hyperactivity in rats exposed to valproic acid in utero
Authors: Souza Adriana Jesus , Freitas Ícaro Silva , Sharmin Dishary , Cook James M. , Guimarães Francisco S. , Gomes Felipe V. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAutism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are characterized by core behavioral symptoms in the domains of sociability, language/communication, and repetitive or stereotyped behaviors. Deficits in the prefrontal and hippocampal excitatory/inhibitory balance due to a functional loss of GABAergic interneurons are proposed to underlie these symptoms. Increasing the postsynaptic effects of GABA with compounds that selectively modulate GABAergic receptors could be a potential target for treating ASD symptoms. In addition, deficits in GABAergic interneurons have been linked to dopamine (DA) system dysregulation, and, despite conflicting evidence, abnormalities in the DA system activity may underly some ASD symptoms. Here, we investigated whether the positive allosteric modulator of α5‐containing GABAA receptors (α5‐GABAARs) SH‐053‐2′F‐R‐CH3 (10 mg/kg) attenuates behavioral abnormalities in rats exposed to valproic acid (VPA) in utero, an established risk factor for autism. We also evaluated if animals exposed to VPA in utero present changes in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA system activity using in vivo electrophysiology and if SH‐053‐2′F‐R‐CH3 could attenuate these changes. SH‐053‐2′F‐R‐CH3 was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before each behavioral test and electrophysiology. In utero VPA exposure caused male and female rats to present increased repetitive behavior (self‐grooming) in early adolescence and deficits in social interaction in adulthood. Male, but not female VPA rats, also presented deficits in recognition memory as adults. SH‐053‐2′F‐R‐CH3 attenuated the impairments in sociability and cognitive function in male VPA‐exposed rats without attenuating the decreased social interaction in females. Adult male and female VPA‐exposed rats also showed an increased VTA DA neuron population activity, which was not changed by SH‐053‐2′F‐R‐CH3. Despite sex differences, our findings indicate that α5‐GABAARs positive allosteric modulators may effectively attenuate some core ASD symptoms.
Identification of a novel anti‐ROR1 nanobody through phage display and its biochemical characterization
Authors: Kang Li , Dong Yingkui , Wang Wanxue , Li Zehua , Wang Yizhuo , Yan Li , Yin Cunlong , Zhang XiaoHui , Dai Han , Wu Bo , Zhao Hongxin , Wang Junfeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to develop nanobodies targeting receptor tyrosine kinase‐like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) for cancer diagnosis and therapy. We immunized alpacas with ROR1, extracted RNA from their blood, and converted it to complementary DNA (cDNA) to amplify the VHH (variable domain of heavy‐chain antibodies) sequence. This sequence was used to construct a phage library with a capacity of 8 ×108. Screening identified a high‐affinity nanobody, HCAbs1, which binds effectively to ROR1. ELISA and surface plasmon resonance analyses revealed HCAbs1's binding affinities to ROR1 at 4.42 and 12.9 nM, respectively. Functional tests showed HCAbs1 could reduce extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation levels induced by Wnt5a in ROR1‐transfected cells. Our findings highlight the potential of HCAbs1 nanobodies in diagnosing and treating cancers through targeting ROR1.
Anwendung von mathematischer Optimierung für eine effiziente energetische Sanierungsplanung
Authors: Medgenberg Justus , Makowski Andreas , Langner Normen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDie energetische Bestandssanierung hat für die Dekarbonisierung des Gebäudesektors eine entscheidende Funktion. Um Ressourcen bestmöglich einzusetzen, ist die ganzheitliche Quantifizierung und Optimierung von Sanierungsentscheidungen sinnvoll. Die Anwendung von mathematischen Optimierungsverfahren bietet Potenzial, das bisher vor allem im deutschsprachigen Raum kaum genutzt wird. Vorgestellt wird eine neue Methodik, die mittels eines mathematischen Ersatzmodells die Optimierung variabler Zielfunktionen erlaubt. Das Modell wird anhand von punktuellen Gebäudesimulationen kalibriert. Die Stärke der vorgestellten Methode liegt in der Analyse einer sehr großen Zahl von Sanierungskombinationen bei minimalem Rechenaufwand. Die Anwendbarkeit auf reale Objekte wird anhand von zwei unterschiedlichen exemplarischen Wohngebäudetypen demonstriert. Resultierende Sanierungsstrategien aus der Analyse werden beispielhaft für drei verschiedene Zielfunktionen mit Investitions‐ und Betriebskosten sowie CO2‐Ausstoß bei unterschiedlichen Restriktionen dargestellt. Derzeit ist die vorgestellte Methode für die Bewertung und Optimierung des Heizwärmebedarfs von Wohngebäuden anwendbar. Es sind verschiedene Erweiterungen der Methodik angedacht.
Sustainable development in listed districts: CO2 neutral World Heritage Speicherstadt Hamburg
Authors: Teichmann Lena , Resta Laura Fernández , Hein Helen , Dinga Güren Tan , Ramadan Zaher , Bögle Anette , Mondino Daniel , Garrecht Harald 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo achieve Germany's 2045 goal of climate‐neutral building stock, the integration of renewable energies in retrofitting is necessary. The project ‘CO2‐neutrales Welterbe Speicherstadt Hamburg’ situated in the historic warehouse district, focuses on the sustainable heat supply in listed buildings. The project consists of two main approaches: a practical approach combining historically sensitive components for heat supply to create a comprehensive energy retrofitting concept with renewable energies in the listed area, and a methodological approach using Building Information Management (BIM) to integrate various simulation models and centralize outcomes efficiently. This enables a holistic and energy‐efficient retrofit, addressing flow‐specific, thermal, and ecological aspects, thereby marking a significant step toward achieving a CO2 neutral listed building stock.