bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Experimental Charge Density: Linking Structural Modifications to Electron Density Distributions
Authors: Kirby Isabelle L , Pitak Mateusz B , Coles Simon J , Gale Philip A 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Recent elegant examples illustrate the power of charge density analysis, employed in a systematic way, to link electron density distribution to molecular structure. This leads to new insights into important chemical systems and the effects of systematic modifications to them. The advances made in extracting the electron density distribution from standard resolution X-ray diffraction data and the subsequent use of this information in systematic studies are also described.
Everyday Life Sounds Database: Telemonitoring of Elderly or Disabled
Authors: Abdoune Leila , Fezari Mohamed 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis article describes the construction phase of a corpus of everyday life sounds for a system of separation and classification of audio sources in a habitat: an application for telemonitoring of the elderly or disabled. We first present the key concepts of the research area, and then we present works and projects that address detection of distress situations and recognition of activities. Thereafter, we discuss the different sounds used in an application for telemonitoring, which inspired us to create our database. Finally, we present our experiment aimed at classifying the various environmental sounds in a habitat. The objective of this experiment is to present the global idea of our future work and to explain the necessity of creating a database of everyday life sounds.
Accurate numerical solutions of conservative nonlinear oscillators
Authors: Khan Najeeb Alam , Nasir Uddin Khan , Nadeem Alam Khan 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to present an investigation
to analyze the vibration of a conservative nonlinear
oscillator in the form u" + lambda u + u^(2n-1) + (1 + epsilon^2 u^(4m))^(1/2) = 0
for any arbitrary power of n and m. This method converts
the differential equation to sets of algebraic equations and
solve numerically. We have presented for three different
cases: a higher order Duffing equation, an equation with
irrational restoring force and a plasma physics equation.
It is also found that the method is valid for any arbitrary
order of n and m. Comparisons have been made with the
results found in the literature the method gives accurate
results.
Numerical investigation of mixed convective flow
in parallel channel filled with porous medium
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Alam Pravez , Kapoor S. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

The present manuscript reports a numerical investigation
of fully developed mixed convective flow in a
parallel channel filled with porous medium. The motion in
the channel is induced by external pressure gradient and
buoyancy force. The non-Darcy Brinkman-Forchheimer
extended model has been used. The Chebyshev spectral
collocation method has been used to solve the coupled differential
equations numerically. The main emphesize has
been given on the influence of Forchheimer number (F),
Darcy number (Da) and Rayleigh number (Ra) on velocity
and temperature profiles. From this investegation we have
found that the velocity aswell as temperature profiles possess
point of inflection beyond a threshold value of Ra. The
back flow starts near the center of the channel on increasing
the value of Ra beyond the threshold value of Ra. The
point of inflection on the velocity as well as temperature
profile dies out on decreasing of Da. The strength of the velocity
is decreases on the increasing of F', it also changes
the velocity profile drastically. The point of inflection on
the basic flow dies out on increasing of F'.
LEED studies on modulated surface structures
Authors: Moritz Wolfgang 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The problems occurring in structure analyses of modulated surfaces by LEED or X-ray diffraction are briefly discussed. In previous LEED studies of modulated surfaces a commensurate unit cell and Fourier coefficients to describe the modulation function has been used. The wave length of the modulation and the size of the supercell are limited in this way by the computational effort of the multiple scattering calculations. To overcome this problem an approximation is proposed allowing the analysis of commensurate or incommensurate surface modulations with long wave lengths.
Treatment Patterns and Comparative Effectiveness in Elderly Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare Analysis
Authors: Hamlin Paul A. , Satram-Hoang Sacha , Reyes Carolina , Hoang Khang Q. , Guduru Sridhar R. , Skettino Sandra 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background.
The incidence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) occurs disproportionately in elderly patients. We evaluated real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in elderly DLBCL patients in the U.S.

Materials and Methods.
A retrospective cohort analysis of 9,333 DLBCL patients from the linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database was conducted. Patients were diagnosed between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2007; were aged &gt;66 years, and were continuously enrolled in Medicare Part A and B in the year prior to diagnosis. Within 3 months of diagnosis, 4,565 (49%) received rituximab plus chemotherapy (R+chemo), 2,181 (23%) received chemotherapy only, and 467 (5%) received rituximab monotherapy (R-mono). Cox proportional hazards regression assessed overall survival between R+chemo versus chemotherapy only and R-mono versus no treatment.

Results.
Overall, 23% of patients received no treatment, and the proportion was higher among those aged &gt;80 years (33%). Patients receiving R+chemo were younger and more likely white compared with those receiving chemotherapy only. Patients receiving R-mono were older and more likely female compared with those not treated. In multivariate analysis, patients receiving chemotherapy only had a twofold increased mortality risk versus R+chemo, and this was confirmed in a subanalysis of patients aged &gt;80 years. A 91% higher mortality risk was noted with receipt of fewer than six cycles versus six cycles of chemotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy. Patients receiving R-mono had a 69% decreased mortality risk compared with patients who were not treated.

Conclusion.
This real-world analysis of elderly DLBCL patients confirmed that 23% do not receive treatment. Overall survival is higher for patients receiving R+chemo and R-mono relative to chemotherapy only and no treatment, respectively. Suboptimal durations of therapy with curative intent (fewer than six cycles) were associated with poorer outcomes.
Improved preservation of function during acoustic neuroma surgery
Authors: Nakatomi Hirofumi , Miyazaki Hidemi , Tanaka Minoru , Kin Taichi , Yoshino Masanori , Oyama Hiroshi , Usui Masaaki , Moriyama Hiroshi , Kojima Hiromi , Kaga Kimitaka , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: October 2014

OBJECT
Restoration of cranial nerve functions during acoustic neuroma (AN) surgery is crucial for good outcome. The effects of minimizing the injury period and maximizing the recuperation period were investigated in 89 patients who consecutively underwent retrosigmoid unilateral AN surgery.

METHODS
Cochlear nerve and facial nerve functions were evaluated during AN surgery by use of continuous auditory evoked dorsal cochlear nucleus action potential monitoring and facial nerve root exit zone–elicited compound muscle action potential monitoring, respectively. Factors affecting preservation of function at the same (preoperative) grade were analyzed.

RESULTS
A total of 23 patients underwent standard treatment and investigation of the monitoring threshold for preservation of function; another 66 patients underwent extended recuperation treatment and assessment of its effect on recovery of nerve function. Both types of final action potential monitoring response and extended recuperation treatment were associated with preservation of function at the same grade.

CONCLUSIONS
Preservation of function was significantly better for patients who received extended recuperation treatment.
Infections in patients undergoing craniotomy: risk factors associated with post-craniotomy meningitis
Authors: Kourbeti Irene S. , Vakis Antonis F. , Ziakas Panayiotis , Karabetsos Dimitris , Potolidis Evangelos , Christou Silvana , Samonis George 
Published: October 2014

OBJECT
The authors performed a prospective study to define the prevalence and microbiological characteristics of infections in patients undergoing craniotomy and to clarify the risk factors for post-craniotomy meningitis.

METHODS
Patients older than 18 years who underwent nonstereotactic craniotomies between January 2006 and December 2008 were included. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and microbiological data were systemically recorded. Patient characteristics, craniotomy type, and pre- and postoperative variables were evaluated as risk factors for meningitis

RESULTS
Three hundred thirty-four procedures were analyzed (65.6% involving male patients). Traumatic brain injury was the most common reason for craniotomy. Almost 40% of the patients developed at least 1 infection. Ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP) was the most common infection recorded (22.5%) and Acinetobacter spp. were isolated in 44% of the cases. Meningitis was encountered in 16 procedures (4.8%), and CSF cultures were positive for microbial growth in 100% of these cases. Gram-negative pathogens (Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloaceae, Proteus mirabilis) represented 88% of the pathogens. Acinetobacter and Klebsiella spp. demonstrated a high percentage of resistance in several antibiotic classes. In multivariate analysis, the risk for meningitis was independently associated with perioperative steroid use (OR 11.55, p = 0.005), CSF leak (OR 48.03, p < 0.001), and ventricular drainage (OR 70.52, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Device-related postoperative communication between the CSF and the environment, CSF leak, and perioperative steroid use were defined as risk factors for meningitis in this study. Ventilator-associated pneumonia was the most common infection overall. The offending pathogens presented a high level of resistance to several antibiotics.
Nerve transfers for elbow and finger extension reconstruction in midcervical spinal cord injuries
Authors: Bertelli Jayme Augusto , Ghizoni Marcos Flávio 
Published: October 2014

OBJECT
The objective of this study was to report the results of elbow, thumb, and finger extension reconstruction via nerve transfer in midcervical spinal cord injuries.

METHODS
Thirteen upper limbs from 7 patients with tetraplegia, with an average age of 26 years, were operated on an average of 7 months after a spinal cord injury. The posterior division of the axillary nerve was used to reinnervate the triceps long and upper medial head motor branches in 9 upper limbs. Both the posterior division and the branch to the middle deltoid were used in 2 upper limbs, and the anterior division of the axillary nerve in the final 2 limbs. For thumb and finger extension reconstruction, the nerve to the supinator was transferred to the posterior interosseous nerve.

RESULTS
In 22 of the 27 recipient nerves, a peripheral type of palsy with muscle denervation was identified. At an average of 19 months follow-up, elbow strength scored M4 in 11 upper limbs and M3 in 2, according to the British Medical Research Council scale. Thumb extension scored M4 in 8 upper limbs and scored M3 in 4. Finger extension scored M4 in 12 hands. No donor-site deficits were reported or observed.

CONCLUSIONS
Nerve transfers are effective at restoring elbow, thumb, and finger extension in patients with a midcervical spinal cord injury, which occurs in the majority of patients with a peripheral type of palsy with muscle denervation in their upper limbs. Efforts should be made to perform operations in these patients within 12 months of injury.
Primary spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma: clinical features and surgical outcome in 14 cases
Authors: Li Teng-yu , Xu Yu-lun , Yang Jun , Wang James , Wang Gui-Huai 
Published: October 2014

OBJECT
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics, imaging features, differential diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis for primary spinal epidural cavernous hemangiomas.

METHODS
Fourteen patients with pathologically diagnosed non–vertebral origin cavernous hemangiomas who had undergone surgery at Beijing Tiantan Hospital between 2003 and 2012 were identified in the hospital's database. The patients' clinical data, imaging characteristics, surgical treatment, and postoperative follow-up were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTS
There were 9 males and 5 females with an average age of 51.64 years. The primary epidural cavernous hemangiomas were located in the cervical spine (2 cases), cervicothoracic junction (2 cases), thoracic spine (8 cases), thoracolumbar junction (1 case), and lumbar spine (1 case). Hemorrhage was confirmed in 4 cases during surgery. Preoperatively 5 lesions were misdiagnosed as schwannoma, 1 was misdiagnosed as a meningioma, and 1 was misdiagnosed as an arachnoid cyst. Preoperative hemorrhages were identified in 2 cases. Three patients had recurrent cavernous hemangiomas. The initial presenting symptoms were local pain in 5 cases, radiculopathy in 6 cases, and myelopathy in 3 cases. Upon admission, 1 patient had radicular symptoms and 13 had myelopathic symptoms. The average symptom duration was 18 months. All patients underwent surgery; complete resection was achieved in 8 cases, subtotal resection in 4 cases, and partial resection in 2 cases. Postoperative follow-up was completed in 10 cases (average follow-up 34 months); 1 patient died, 5 patients showed clinical improvement, and 4 patients remained neurologically unchanged.

CONCLUSIONS
Total surgical removal of spine epidural cavernous hemangiomas with a chronic course is the optimum treatment and carries a good prognosis. Secondary surgery for recurrent epidural cavernous hemangioma is technically more challenging. In patients with profound myelopathy from acute hemorrhage, even prompt surgical decompression can rarely reverse all symptoms.
Next generation of an intermediate depth drill
Authors: Johnson Jay A. , Shturmakov Alexander J. , Kuhl Tanner W. , Mortensen Nicolai B. , Gibson Chris J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMany of the ice-coring objectives in the Ice Drilling Program Office (IDPO) Long Range Science Plan, such as those in the International Partnerships in Ice Core Sciences (IPICS) 2k array and 40k network, are attainable in many locations with an intermediate depth drill (IDD) that can collect core from a fluid-filled hole down to 1500 m depth. The Ice Drilling Design and Operations (IDDO) group has designed and is in the process of building an agile IDD to meet this objective. The drill tent, power distribution and core-processing systems are an integral part of the IDD, which can be deployed by small aircraft and assembled by hand to minimize logistic requirements. The new drill system will be ready for testing in Greenland beginning in late spring 2014. The first production drilling is scheduled for the 2014/15 field season at the South Pole.
Précarisation : la preuve par les chiffres
Authors: Math Antoine , Spire Alexis 
Published: October 2014

Depuis 30 ans, l’immigration est au cœur du débat public sans que l’on ne pose vraiment la question de la stabilité du séjour des étrangers qui vivent sur le territoire en situation régulière. Si on parle beaucoup des mesures législatives visant à restreindre les flux migratoires, on passe généralement sous silence la sape progressive du dispositif mis en place en 1984 créant une carte de résident de dix ans, délivrée de plein droit, avec pour objectif de favoriser l’intégration. L’esprit de la loi de 1984 est bien tari.
Chronique d'une lutte inachevée : les sans-papiers lillois (1996-2014)
Authors: Bouamama Saïd 
Published: October 2014

Né à la suite d’une grève de la faim de « parents étrangers d’enfants français » en juin 1996, le comité des sans-papiers du Nord-Pas-de-Calais (CSP 59) est le résultat des contradictions rencontrées alors dans un contexte national marqué par l’occupation puis l’évacuation brutale de l’église Saint-Bernard. La longue durée du CSP 59 permet de tirer quelques leçons et de souligner les difficultés récurrentes pour construire un mouvement social avec des personnes dont la caractéristique première est la précarité absolue.
Siegfried face au chant de l'Oiseau
Authors: Rabain Nicolas 
Published: October 2014

Ce travail propose un dialogue entre une œuvre de Wagner et la psychanalyse. D’un côté, Siegfried – en tant qu’allégorie de l’adolescence – face au chant énigmatique de l’Oiseau ; de l’autre, certaines notions psychanalytiques issues de la clinique des adolescents. Le livret et la musique du deuxième acte de Siegfried sont abordés ici sous l’angle de deux perspectives : d’une part, la reviviscence du lien précoce à l’objet primaire ainsi que la résurgence des angoisses archaïques à l’adolescence ; et d’autre part, les modalités d’acquisition d’une compétence auto-narrative.
Proficiency testing for HIV, tuberculosis and malaria diagnosis in clinical laboratories in Nigeria
Authors: Audu Rosemary A. , Onubogu Catherine C. , Okoye Rosemary N. , Nwokoye Nkiru N. , Onwuamah Chika K. , Musa Adesola Z. , Raheem Toyosi Y. , Aniedobe Maureen N. , Nduaga Samuel J. , Essien Ini-Obong , Idigbe Emmanuel O. 
Published: October 2014

Background: Proficiency testing (PT) is a means of verifying the reliability of laboratory results, but such programmes are not readily available to laboratories in developing countries. This project provided PT to laboratories in Nigeria.Objectives: To assess the proficiency of laboratories in the diagnosis of HIV, tuberculosis and malaria.Methods: This was a prospective study carried out between 2009 and 2011. A structured questionnaire was administered to 106 randomly-selected laboratories. Forty-four indicated their interest in participation and were enrolled. Four rounds of pre-characterised plasma panels for HIV, sputum films for tuberculosis and blood films for malaria were distributed quarterly by courier over the course of one year. The results were returned within two weeks and scores of ≥ 80% were reported as satisfactory. Mentoring was offered after the first and second PT rounds.Results: Average HIV PT scores increased from 74% to 95% from the first round to the third round, but decreased in the fourth round. For diagnosis of tuberculosis, average scores increased from 42% in the first round to 78% in the second round; but a decrease to 34% was observed in the fourth round. Malaria PT performance was 2% at first, but average scores increased between the second and fourth rounds, culminating in a fourth-round score of 39%. Many participants requested training and mentoring.Conclusions: There were gross deficiencies in the quality of laboratory services rendered across Nigeria. In-country PT programmes, implemented in conjunction with mentoring, will improve coverage and diagnosis of HIV, tuberculosis and malaria.
Examining Differences in Short-Haul and Long-Haul Markets in US Commercial Airline Passenger Demand
Authors: Elking Isaac , Windle Robert 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This article examines the demand for US domestic airline passenger transportation as it pertains to short-haul markets of 500 miles or less, and compares it to the demand in long-haul markets of longer than 500 miles. We investigate how a variety of factors impact passenger volumes, depending on route distance, using a panel set of quarterly data from 1995 to 2010. We find that changes in security screening times, price differences between air travel and automobile travel, and market concentration levels affect short-haul and long-haul markets in statistically different ways, while the impact of low-cost carriers on passenger volumes affects both markets identically.
P3 Alliance and Its Implications on Contestability in Major Gateway Ports in North America
Authors: Yap Wei Yim 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The P3 Alliance consists of the three biggest container shipping lines in the world. Together, Maersk Line, Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC), and CMA CGM will command a combined market share of 36.4 percent of the world's active shipping capacity. Major gateway container ports in North America play a crucial role in serving the largest economy in the world and respective hinterlands that are embedded within. As such, the article aims to examine the impact of the P3 Alliance and its implications on contestability in the major gateway container ports in North America. Our analysis contends that the alliance should not be a cause of concern for the key ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach on the West Coast of the United States as the combined market share in terms of shipping capacity supplied matches up to existing capacity supplied by the largest of the other shipping alliances. However, the significantly higher market share for shipping capacity deployed by the alliance at major gateway container ports on the East Coast of the United States and stakeholding by Maersk Line's sister company APM Terminals and MSC's subsidiary Terminals Investment Limited in some of the ports could raise concerns for potential abuse of market power.
A Shift in Fundamentals:
Authors: Holcomb Mary C. , Liao-Troth Sara , Manrodt Karl B. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe Great Recession of the late 2000s created a turbulent business environment that is forcing managers to reevaluate how to manage their resources effectively and efficiently. In the logistics and transportation domain the primary forces of change include, but are not limited to: rapidly changing customer requirements, increasing energy (fuel) prices, the rising cost to serve, mounting inventory costs, and growing total landed costs. These forces of change have shifted the strategic direction of the firm toward a mixed approach where firms attempt to be “all things to all people,” thereby competing on both cost and service. In contrast, the study results indicate that during and after the recession the primary goal or objective of the firm was cost reduction. Customer service as a primary goal or objective has steadily declined, and has not yet returned to 2008 levels. This can be attributed to rising transportation, inventory, and distribution costs during a time of increasing customer service requirements. Two recommendations for managers are offered: to more fully understand the relationship between logistics costs and differentiated service; and to develop data and analytical capabilities that will enable them to deliver differentiated service of the right product for the right customer, in the right quantity and the right condition, at the right place, at the right time, at the right cost.
Transmissão da volatilidade entre ações de grandes e pequenas empresas no mercado brasileiro de capitais
Authors: Righi Marcelo Brutti , Ceretta Paulo Sergio 
Published: October 2014

Researches about volatility transmission between small and large company stocks had received great attention in last years. Based on this idea, the current paper aims to analyze the occurrence of volatility transmission between small and large companies in Brazil. To that, we estimate multivariate GARCH models. As asset proxies we used the Small and Mid-Large cap BMF/Bovespa index. Results allow concluding that large company stocks impact the small stocks conditional volatility. However, the relationship does not maintain it in reverse direction. This result is in accord with the addressed subject.