bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recognition and initial management of acute aortic dissection
Authors: Kesieme Emeka B , Iruolagbe Christopher Ojemiega , Ngaage Dumbor L 
Published: July 2024

Acute aortic dissection is a cardiovascular emergency that should be recognised on presentation in the Emergency Department (ED) because clinical outcome is time-dependent. In suspected cases of acute aortic dissection, immediate imaging with chest computed tomography scan followed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is essential to confirm diagnosis. Immediate medical management is aimed at controlling the heart rate (60–80 beats/min), systolic blood pressure (100–120 mmHg) and pain. Patients with Type A acute aortic dissection should immediately be referred to the cardiothoracic surgeons for emergency aortic surgery while those with Type B acute aortic dissection should be referred to the vascular surgeons for surgical/endovascular interventions if indicated.
Family participatory clown therapy in venipuncture in hospitalized children: A non-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Tianyu , Chen Qiying , Lin Zhenhua , Ye Jingfang 
Published: July 2024

Objective
To explore the effectiveness of family participatory clown therapy in venipuncture in hospitalized children.

Methods
We recruited 104 children aged 3 to 6 years for a non-randomized controlled trial from March to December 2022. All participants required peripheral venepuncture infusions for treatment. The children were assigned to either the control group (n = 52) or the experimental group (n = 52).Standard care was utilized in the control group. In the experimental group, two clown nurses and a parent provided family participatory clown therapy for 35–45 minutes per child before, during, and after venipuncture. We assessed children’s pain (FLACC and W-B FPS), anxiety (VAS-A), medical fear (CFS), crying incidence, compliance, parental anxiety (S-AI), and parental satisfaction.

Results
At venipuncture, the FLACC score was lower in the experimental group (4.46±2.053) compared to the control group (5.96±2.441), the W-B FPS score was also lower in the experimental group (4.96±2.392) than in the control group (6.35±2.266), with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05).The children in the experimental group had lower levels of anxiety, medical fear, crying, and parental anxiety than the control group. In addition, child compliance and parent satisfaction were higher in the experimental group than in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05).

Conclusion
Family participatory clown therapy can reduce pain, anxiety, medical fear, and crying during venipuncture in children. It can also improve venipuncture compliance, reduce parental anxiety, and increase parental satisfaction.
What choices of visual correction do people make for recreational running?
Authors: Latham Keziah , Dunn Georgia , Morrison Andrew , Timmis Matthew A. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
Recreational runners who need refractive visual correction will need to choose the type of visual correction (spectacles, contact lenses, or no correction) to wear when running. The prevalence of correction choices and distinguishing demographic features associated with these choices of correction were investigated.

Methods
A 26-item online questionnaire covering demographics, running habits, and visual corrections used was answered by 941 people. Participants were aged 18 years or older, considered themselves a recreational runner and reported needing refractive correction for everyday life. Bivariate analyses and binary logistic regression were used to determine the variables independently associated with including or avoiding types of correction for running.

Results & conclusions
Participants ran an average of 3.8times, 3.6hours, and 33.4km per week. Running habits were not associated with type of visual correction, suggesting that visual correction does not present a barrier to participating in recreational running. Solely using spectacles for running was the most common choice (38.8%) and they were worn for running at least sometimes by 65.8%. Fewer people wore spectacles for running than for general purposes (98.9%), suggesting spectacles have limitations for running. Spectacle wear for running was significantly associated with not having contact lenses available and longer duration of wearing visual correction. Running without correction was a common choice, with 15.5% of the sample only running without correction, and 26.2% running at least sometimes without their visual correction. Not wearing correction was significantly associated with not having contact lenses, a shorter duration of wearing visual correction, and a lower myopic refractive error. Contact lenses were the sole correction for running for 15.6% and were worn for running at least sometimes by 40.5%. Contact lenses were significantly more likely to be used by women and younger runners. Signposting runners to contact lenses if this has not previously been considered is recommended.
Head and Neck Paraganglioma (HNPGL) Registry: A study protocol for prospective data collection in patients with Head and Neck Paragangliomas
Authors: de Bresser Carolijn J. M. , van Nesselrooij Bernadette P. M. , van Treijen Mark J. C. , Braat Arthur J. A. T. , de Ridder Mischa , Stokroos Robert J. , de Bree Remco , de Borst Gert J. , Rijken Johannes A. , Petri Bart-Jeroen 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
There is a lack of comprehensive and uniform data on head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs), and research is challenging due to its rarity and the involvement of multiple medical specialties. To improve current research data collection, we initiated the Head and Neck Paraganglioma Registry (HNPGL Registry). The aim of the HNPGL Registry is to a) collect extensive data on all HNPGL patients through a predefined protocol, b) give insight in the long term outcomes using patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), c) create uniformity in the diagnostic and clinical management of these conditions, and thereby d) help provide content for future (randomized) research.

Methods and analysis
The HNPGL Registry is designed as a prospective longitudinal observational registry for data collection on HNPGL patients and carriers of (likely) pathogenic variants causative of HNPGLs. All patients, regardless of the received treatment modality, can be included in the registry after informed consent is obtained. All relevant data regarding the initial presentation, diagnostics, treatment, and follow-up will be collected prospectively in an electronic case report form. In addition a survey containing the EuroQol 5D-5L (EQ-5D-5L), European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), Short QUestionnaire to Assess Health-enhancing physical activity (SQUASH), Cancer Worry Scale (CWS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) will be sent periodically. The registry protocol was approved by the Medical Ethical Review Board of the University Medical Center Utrecht.

Conclusion
The HNPGL Registry data will be used to further establish the optimal management for HNPGL patients and lay the foundation for guideline recommendations and the outline of future research.
Normalized solutions for the double-phase problem with nonlocal reaction
Authors: Cai Li , Zhang Fubao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this article, we consider the double-phase problem with nonlocal reaction. For the autonomous case, we introduce the methods of the Pohozaev manifold, Hardy-Littlewood Sobolev subcritical approximation, adding the mass term to prove the existence and nonexistence of normalized solutions to this problem. For the nonautonomous case, we show the existence of normalized solutions to the double-phase problem by using the Pohozaev restrict method and describing the relationship between the energy of this problem and its limit problem. Moreover, we study the existence of normalized solutions to the double-phase problem involving double Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev critical exponents.
IgG4-related disease complicated by PLA2R-associated membranous nephropathy: A case report
Authors: Huang Meichun , Liu Jun , Li Xiuxiu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis (IgG4-related TIN) is the prevalent clinical manifestation of IgG4-related diseases (IgG4-RD). However, there are limited cases of IgG4-RD occurring with membranous nephropathy (MN) in the absence of phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R). There have been no indications of treatment using Tripterygium wilfordii. This study reported a rare case of IgG4-RD with PLA2R-associated MN without any of the distinct IgG4-related TIN. The patient was treated effectively with T. wilfordii. A 71-year-old patient was admitted to the medical facility after presenting with a 1 month history of edema and 8 months of albuminuria. The renal biopsy tissue examination confirmed the presence of MN (phase II) in the absence of pathological manifestations of IgG4-related TIN. Immunohistochemistry identified PLA2R++ (granular capillaries). The serum PLA2R antibody titer was 1:180 (1:20). The patient met the diagnosis with IgG4-RD. Over 8 years of follow-up, the patient was effectively treated with low-dose hormones and T. wilfordii, without any adverse effects. This MN is considered a unique form of IgG4-RD, regardless of whether PLA2R antibodies are present or not. Research suggests that T. wilfordii could be a promising option for elderly people with IgG4-related MN, as it has been found to have fewer adverse effects.
Nanobiotechnology and microbial influence on cold adaptation in plants
Authors: Akhtar Nosheen , Shahzad Asim , Ilyas Noshin , Bostan Nageen , Jameel Muhammad Azhar , Mukhtar Shahid , Qin Mingzhou , Li Hao Yang , Alhewairini Saleh S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Cold stress has an immediate impact on plant structure and function. A large number of free radicals cause oxidative stress in plants. Cold stress causes altered membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage. It denatures enzymes and disrupts plant metabolism. Different methods are being investigated for acclimatizing plants subjected to cold stress. Nanobiotechnology and bacterial strains are growing agricultural strategies. Nanoparticles’ (NPs) unique qualities (small size, high mobility, biocompatibility, low cost, and increased reactivity) make them ideal candidates in agriculture. NP and bacterial applications maintain plastid structure and function, enhance antioxidant activities, secondary metabolites, and hormone expression, and reduce electrolyte leakage. They increase the number and content of proteins involved in oxidation–reduction reactions, hormone pathways, stress signaling, and reactive oxygen species detoxification under cold stress conditions. Chitosan, zinc oxide, and titanium dioxide NPs can help plants with cold stress. Meanwhile, bacterial strains in the genus Bacillus and Pseudomonas have been tested for cold tolerance. These strategies also upregulate antifreeze proteins, which are essential for the storage of plant products. Nano-bio-fertilizers should be prepared for the sustainable development of plants under low temperatures.
ETHNIC PROCESSES IN INFORMATIONAL SUPPORT OF REGIONAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROGRAMS: THE CASE “SOCHI-2035”
Authors: Куринских П.А. 
Published: July 2024

В статье раскрываются вопросы взаимодействия локальных этнических групп с органами власти, руководством национальных парков при разработке программ стратегического развития. Одним из основных полигонов исследования стал Сочинский национальный парк как актор устойчивого социально-экономического развития городской агломерации, включающей несколько десятков сельских населенных пунктов с полиэтничным составом населения. Для сравнения привлечены материалы национального парка «Высокий Тауэрн» (Австрия). На основе анализа полевых материалов, а также киберполевых материалов устанавливается информативная емкость последних и проводится апробация техник исследования по определению их валидности. Автор приходит к выводу, что при формировании Стратегии «Сочи-2035» не учтена специфика этносоциальной обстановки. Обосновывается мысль о том, что целью таких экспертиз должна стать формируемая на муниципальном уровне концепция этнографического туризма, степень ее ориентации на культуру жизнеобеспечения в границах территории традиционного природопользования с презентацией в интернет-пространстве (сфера киберэтнографии).
In March 2023, “Strategy of Socio-Economic Development ‘Sochi 2035’” was presented on the basis of the city administration by the consortium ‘Leontiev Center – AV Group’. An analysis of the presentation revealed the fact that the specificity of the ethno-social situation was not taken into account while forming the Strategy. It is only about “satisfying a wide range of tourists’ needs”, including “acquaintance with the history and culture” of the resort, namely monuments and sights, local communities, customs, and traditions. The discussion on the development prospects of remote rural enclaves has allowed to find out that the participation of local population, including small indigenous peoples, as full development actors of the territory’s recreational potential is not currently provided in the concept. The paradox is that some Strategy developers are familiar with the concept of ethnographic tourism “Archie”, developed by researchers of the Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the involvement of specialists of the Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences and St. Anthony’s College (Oxford). They consider it effective for the development of remote mountain villages. This connection outlined the task of establishing a databank of local groups to ascertain their ethnic interests. Within this context, the case of the Shapsugs, the indigenous small people of the Western Caucasus, is particularly relevant. The aim of further studies and expertise should be the formation of a concept of ethnographic tourism at the municipal level, the degree of its orientation on the life support standards within the territory of traditional nature management, and its further presentation in Internet (i.e., cyberethnography).
Pediatric Hospital Medicine Fellows’ Perspectives on Autonomy Through Time
Authors: Jurgens Valerie , Librizzi Jamie , Shah Neha , Bhansali Priti , Balmer Dorene F. , Beck Jimmy 
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE
Promoting autonomy is at the core of fellowship education. Pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) fellowship programs are relatively new, and many supervising physicians are not trained on how to promote fellow autonomy. Moreover, no studies have explored fellows’ perception of autonomy throughout training. To fill this gap, we explored PHM fellows’ perceptions of autonomy throughout training.

METHODS
PHM fellows starting fellowship in July 2021 were recruited to participate in a longitudinal qualitative study. Using self-determination theory as a sensitizing framework, the authors conducted semistructured interviews with 14 fellows throughout fellowship. Incoming data were iteratively analyzed, and codes were created from patterns in the data. Coded data were clustered into themes.

RESULTS
Four themes developed: (1) at the beginning of fellowship, fellows valued direct observation and close supervision from their attending. (2) Initially, fellows felt pressured to make the identical clinical decision as their attending, but over the course of training, they realized their autonomous decisions could coexist with different decisions from their attending physicians. (3) At first, fellows desired attending presence to support and guide their decision making. Over time, fellows desired a coach who could provide valuable formative feedback. (4) Because of the hierarchical nature of medicine, conversations between fellows and attending physicians about autonomy were challenging to initiate.

CONCLUSIONS
Fellows’ perceptions of autonomy change throughout fellowship, which should be taken into consideration as provisions of autonomy evolve through training. Our findings can inform PHM fellowship curricula and professional development around the promotion of autonomy in fellowship.
Toponimi Nama Jalan di Kelurahan Sasi, Kecamatan Kota Kefamenanu, Timor Tengah Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur (Studi Etnolinguistik)
Authors: Afandi Iswan , Juanda  
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan pemilihan nama jalan di kelurahan Sasi, Kefamenanu, Timor Tengah Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Teori utama yang digunakan ialah etnolinguistik. Sumber data hasil dokumentasi dan wawancara. Data penelitian, yakni nama-nama jalan di kelurahan Sasi, berjumlah 19 nama jalan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik dokumentasi/foto dan wawancara. Pengkodingan dan analisis digunakan aplikasi Nvivo 12. Analisis keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi teori dan sumber relevan. Hasil penelitian ditemukan, yaitu nama jalan dibuat berdasarkan kondisi geografis berjumlah 1.67%, nama jalan berasal dari bahasa dari Timor berjumlah 2.78%, nama jalan diambil dari nama hewan berjumlah 3.96%, data nama jalan berdasarkan nama tumbuhan berjumlah 5.48%, dan data nama tanpa makna atau hanya berdasarkan mitos berjumlah 0.62% Penelitian tentang toponimi di Kelurahan Sasi, Nusa Tenggara Timur, dalam konteks etnolinguistik menawarkan kontribusi melalui pengetahuan nama – nama jalan dan budaya lokal. Rencana tindak lanjut ialah riset pengembangan aplikasi mobile rute wisata dan pengenalan sejarah nama-nama jalan kepada wisatawan dan generasi muda.
Vom Othering zum Dazwischen
Authors: Schüßler Michael 
Published: July 2024

Das interreligiöse Feld wandelt sich von der Annahme kompakter Religionscontainer zu hybriden Herstellungsprozessen religiöser Kategorien. Damit ergeben sich zwei idealtypische Muster. Ein älteres, modernes Muster des religiösen Pluralismus, das aufgrund von Unterschieden in der Lehre verschiedene Konfessionen und Religionen als klar unterscheidbare Gruppenidentitäten definiert ist (Küng-Konstellation / Religionization) – und ein neueres Modell, das praxis- und diskurstheoretisch von Verflechtungen und Überlagerungen ausgeht und sich dafür interessiert, wie Zugehörigkeiten und Abgrenzungen unter Diversitätsbedingungen hergestellt werden (Intertheologie). Diese Muster werden anhand von verschiedenen Forschungsprogrammen und Theorie-Ansätzen nachgezeichnet. Mit einen Blick auf den „Practice turn“ wird deutlich wie jeweils stereotype Othering reproduziert oder dekonstruiert werden.
The impact of high-standard farmland construction (HSFC) on China's agricultural resilience
Authors: Ren Feiwu , Xia Zihan , Huang Yi , Chi Jiangtao , He Gai , Wang Yanwei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The development of high-standard farmland (HSF) constitutes a crucial strategy for enhancing agricultural infrastructure, which significantly contributes to increasing agricultural production and catalyzing agroeconomic growth. The present study devises an index system to evaluate agricultural resilience (AR) in China, anchored in the DPSIR framework, and analyzes data from 28 Chinese provinces over 2011–2021 to ascertain the effects of HSFC on AR employing fixed-effects and mediation-effects models. The study reveals that the HSFC markedly enhances AR. Specifically, in key grain production regions or the central area, the positive influence of such construction on resilience is more substantial than in non-key grain production or east-west regions. HSF fortifies AR chiefly by boosting labor productivity and increasing farmers’ income. Analysis of correlation coefficients and overall context confirms that enhanced income of farmers is the key driver in this equation. Although HSF encourages urbanization within the agricultural community, this trend may inadvertently hinder resilience improvements. While the indispensable role of HSF in promoting agricultural progress is recognized, it is crucial to address the concurrent issue of population outflow from agricultural sectors. This study contributes uniquely by integrating the DPSIR model into the exploration of AR, thereby offering a novel, proactive approach to sustainable agricultural development. Furthermore, it elucidates the mechanisms through which HSF impacts AR across three dimensions: labor productivity, farmer incomes, and population urbanization, from the farmers’ vantage point. This insight enables policymakers to refine resource allocation, enhancing the planning, design, and stewardship of sustainable agriculture.
Demographic Inaccuracies and Biases in the Depiction of Patients by Artificial Intelligence Text-to-Image Generators
Authors: Wiegand Tim , Jung Leonard , Schuhmacher Luisa , Gudera Jonas , Moehrle Paulina , Rischewski Jon , Velezmoro Laura , Kruk Linus , Dimitriadis Konstantinos , Koerte Inga 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The wide usage of artificial intelligence (AI) text-to-image generators raises concerns about the role of AI in amplifying misconceptions in healthcare. This study therefore evaluated the demographic accuracy and potential biases in the depiction of patients by two commonly used text-to-image generators. A total of 4,580 images of patients with 29 different diseases was generated using the Bing Image Generator and Meta Imagine. Eight independent raters determined the sex, age, weight group, and race and ethnicity of the patients depicted. Comparison to the real-world epidemiology showed that the generated images failed to depict demographical characteristics such as sex, age, and race and ethnicity accurately. In addition, we observed an over-representation of White as well as normal weight individuals. Inaccuracies and biases may stem from non-representative and non-specific training data as well as insufficient or misdirected bias mitigation strategies. In consequence, new strategies to counteract such inaccuracies and biases are needed.
Multi-strategy Enhanced Artificial Rabbits Optimization for Prediction of Grades in Tourism Service Communication Courses
Authors: Jia Zhuyin , Qu Xiaodan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Predicting students' grades through their classroom behavior is a longstanding concern in education. Recently, artificial intelligence has shown remarkable potential in this area. In this paper, the Artificial Rabbits Optimization Algorithm (ARO) is chosen to enhance the predictor's capabilities. ARO is a recently proposed and popular metaheuristic algorithm known for its simple and straightforward structure. However, like other metaheuristic algorithms, ARO often falls into local optima and, as iterations increase, the convergence speed slows down, leading to lower convergence accuracy. To address this issue, we introduce a Multi-Strategy Enhanced Artificial Rabbits Optimization Algorithm (MEARO). In MEARO, we first employ a Nonlinear exploration and exploitation transition factor (NL) to improve the balance between exploration and exploitation in ARO. we employ a Stochastic Dynamic Centroid Backward Learning approach (SOBL) to improve both the quality and diversity of the population. This ensures a broader optimization of the search area and boosts the chances of locating the global optimum. Lastly, we incorporate a Dynamic Changing Step Length Development strategy to enhance the randomness and development capability of ARO. To confirm the efficiency of MEARO, we compared its performance with eight other sophisticated algorithms using the CEC2017 benchmark. Our findings indicate that MEARO outperforms the other algorithms we tested. Furthermore, we optimized two critical parameters of the Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM) using the MEARO algorithm, boosting its classification performance. Moreover, experimental results on the collected student performance dataset show that the KELM model optimized by MEARO outperforms other benchmarked models in terms of various metrics. Finally, we also find that interest in the course, frequency of classroom discussion, and access to extra knowledge and information related to the course are significant factors affecting performance.