bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-reported outcome measures after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Ramkumar P. N. , Harris J. D. , Noble P. C. 
Published: July 2015

Objectives A lack of connection between surgeons and patients in evaluating the outcome of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has led to the search for the ideal patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) to evaluate these procedures. We hypothesised that the desired psychometric properties of the ideal outcome tool have not been uniformly addressed in studies describing TKA PROMS. Methods A systematic review was conducted investigating one or more facets of patient-reported scores for measuring primary TKA outcome. Studies were analysed by study design, subject demographics, surgical technique, and follow-up adequacy, with the ‘gold standard’ of psychometric properties being systematic development, validity, reliability, and responsiveness. Results A total of 38 articles reported outcomes from 47 different PROMS to 85 541 subjects at 26.3 months (standard deviation 30.8) post-operatively. Of the 38, eight developed new scores, 20 evaluated existing scores, and ten were cross-cultural adaptation of existing scores. Only six of 38 surveyed studies acknowledged all ‘gold standard’ psychometric properties. The most commonly studied PROMS were the Oxford Knee Score, New Knee Society Score, Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Conclusions A single, validated, reliable, and responsive PROM addressing TKA patients’ priorities has not yet been identified. Moreover, a clear definition of a successful procedure remains elusive. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2015;4:120–127
Elicitation of Anthocyanin Production in Roots of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana by Methyl Jasmonate
Authors: Góraj-Koniarska Justyna , Stochmal Anna , Oleszek Wiesław , Mołdoch Jarosław , Saniewski Marian 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe influence of methyl jasmonate on anthocyanin accumulation in roots ofKalanchoe blossfedianaplants was studied. Methyl jasmonate (JA-Me), at a concentration of 5.0 to 40.0 mg.l−1, substantially increased anthocyanin accumulation in roots of intact plants, when it was applied as a solution under natural light conditions. The production of anthocyanin depended on the concentration of methyl jasmonate and the age of the plant. The stimulatory effect was higher in older plants ofK. blossfeldianathan in younger ones. When leaves were removed methyl jasmonate slightly stimulated anthocyanin accumulation compared with intact plants. The obtained results indicate that leaves are necessary for the anthocyanin accumulation in the roots. In isolated roots methyl jasmonate did not affect the accumulation of anthocyanins in light conditions. Seven anthocyanins were documented in the roots of control plants and 8 anthocyanins in the roots of JA-Me treated ones. JA-Me increased the level of anthocyanins in roots of oldK. blossfeldianaplants 6.8, 6.0 and 3.6-folds, after 4, 8 and 14-days of treatment, respectively.
Miscanthus: Inter- and Intraspecific Genome Size Variation Among M. × Giganteus, M. Sinensis, M. Sacchariflorus Accessions
Authors: Cichorz Sandra , Gośka Maria , Rewers Monika 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSinceM. sinensisAnderss.,M. sacchariflorus(Maxim.) Hack. andM. ×giganteusJ.M.Greef & Deuter ex Hodk. and Renvoize have considerably the highest potential for biomass production amongMiscanthusAnderss. species, there is an urgent need to broaden the knowledge about cytological characteristics required for their improvement. In this study our objectives were to assess the genome size variation among eighteenMiscanthusaccessions, as well as estimation of the monoploid genome size (2C and Cx) of theM. sinensiscultivars, which have not been analyzed yet. The characterization of threeMiscanthusspecies was performed with the use of flow cytometry and analysis of the stomatal length. The triploid (2n = 3x = 57)M. sinensis‘Goliath’ andM. ×giganteusclones possessed the highest 2C DNA content (8.34 pg and 7.43 pg, respectively). The intermediate 2C-values were found in the nuclei of the diploid (2n = 2x = 38)M. sinensisaccessions (5.52–5.72 pg), whereas they were the lowest in the diploid (2n = 2x = 38)M. sacchariflorusecotypes (4.58–4.59 pg). The presented study revealed interspecific variation of nuclear DNA content (P<0.01) and therefore allowed for recognition of particular taxa, inter- and intraspecific hybrids and prediction of potential parental components. Moreover, intraspecific genome size variation (P<0.01) was observed inM. sinensiscultivars at 3.62%. The values of the stomatal size obtained for the triploidM. ×giganteus‘Great Britain’ (mean 30.70 μm) or ‘Canada’ (mean 29.67 μm) and diploidM. sinensis‘Graziella’ (mean 29.96 μm) did not differ significantly, therefore this parameter is not recommended for ploidy estimation.
Modeling the Frequency of Auto Insurance Claims by Means of Poisson and Negative Binomial Models
Authors: David Mihaela , Jemna Dănuţ-Vasile 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Within non-life insurance pricing, an accurate evaluation of claim frequency, also known in theory as count data, represents an essential part in determining an insurance premium according to the policyholder’s degree of risk. Count regression analysis allows the identification of the risk factors and the prediction of the expected frequency of claims given the characteristics of policyholders. The aim of this paper is to verify several hypothesis related to the methodology of count data models and also to the risk factors used to explain the frequency of claims. In addition to the standard Poisson regression, Negative Binomial models are applied to a French auto insurance portfolio. The best model was chosen by means of the log-likelihood ratio and the information criteria. Based on this model, the profile of the policyholders with the highest degree of risk is determined
Effects of clinoptilolite (zeolite) on attenuation of lipopolysaccharide-induced stress, growth and immune response in broiler chickens
Authors: Wu Qiu Jue , Wang Qin Yu , Wang Tian , Zhou Yan Min 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The effects of natural clinoptilolite (NCLI) and modified clinoptilolite (MCLI) were evaluated in broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a 21-d feeding trial. A total of 288 one-day-old chickens were allocated into three treatment groups: control, NCLI (2%) and MCLI (2%). Half of the birds from each treatment group were challenged with either 0.9% NaCl solution or LPS (250 μg/kg body weight, orally administered) at 16, 18 and 21 d of age. Before the LPS challenge, no dietary effect on bird growth performance was found (P>0.05). When LPS was orally administered, no significant changes in growth performance of broilers was found (P>0.05). However, small intestinal morphology and development, malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the jejunual and ileal mucosa, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of the ileal mucosa were significantly affected (P<0.05). Supplementation with NCLI and MCLI significantly decreased the MDA contents of the jejunual and ileal mucosa and improved the SOD activity of the ileal mucosa and the development of the small intestine compared with the control group (P<0.05). The results indicated that NCLI and MCLI additions in feed had protective effects on the gut health of broilers against LPS challenge.
Pathophysiological response to experimental oral overdose of different forms of selenium in lambs
Authors: Lopez-Arellano Raquel , Ramirez-Bribiesca J. Efren , Jaimes-Miranda Jaime , Tortora-Perez Jorge L. , Revilla-Vazquez Alma L. , Rodriguez-Patiño Gabriela , Montaño-Gomez Martin F. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Twelve male lambs (30.5±2.1 kg) with cannulas in the rumen were divided into three groups to evaluate the accidental toxicity of selenium (Se) via digestive tract. The first group received intraruminal bolus without a Se source; the second group received intraruminal bolus with sodium selenite (SS: Na2SeO3); the third group received intraruminal bolus with barium selenate (BS: BaSeO4). The ruminal boluses were immediately degraded by a manufacturing defect, releasing an amount of 366 mg Se via rumen. All lambs had tachypnea (80 cycles per minute), a metallic smell in the oral cavity and laminitis foot. Analyses of necropsy and histopathology showed frequencies of lesions in the myocardium and skeletal muscle, lesions in the myocardium were more common in lambs intoxicated with SS or BS than the control group (P<0.05); the tissues were swollen and there were hyaline fibres (Zenker degeneration), as well as fragments and proliferation of the nuclei with necrosis. Se concentration in lambs intoxicated with SS and BS were: myocardium: 0.389 and 0.332; skeletal muscle: 0.583 and 0.492; and kidney: 2.871 and 2.841 μg/g fresh tissue, respectively. The Se concentration in blood increased over 2.5 times in the intoxicated lambs with both sources of Se (0.14 vs. 0.36 μg/mL) from baseline to the 22 days of sampling. There was a lower correlation (r=0.46) in SS intoxication group than the control and BS group (r≥0.93). As a conclusion, high dosages of 366 mg Se or 12 mg Se/kg BW in an accidental dosage did not cause a severe mortality but all lambs immediately showed reduced feed intake, metallic smell exhalation and depression.
Evaluation of minimally invasive muscle biopsy method for genetic analysis in horse
Authors: Stefaniuk Monika , Ropka-Molik Katarzyna , Piórkowska Katarzyna , Bereta Anna , Szpar Paweł , Czerwonka Zbigniew , Podstawski Zenon 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In horses, muscle biopsy is widely used in veterinary practice for routine diagnosis of various muscle disorders. Development of genetic methods such as gene expression measurements using microarrays, RNA-seq, and real-time PCR leads to searching an alternative, less invasive biopsy method in order to obtain an appropriately representative group of animals for genetic testing. In the present study, we proposed a minimally invasive method of muscle sample biopsy using Pro- MagTM Ultra Automatic Biopsy Instrument (Surgical Specialties Corporation, US, Inc.), which is commonly utilized in human medicine. This approach does not require skin incisions and usage of stitches. The quantity of muscle sample gained in accordance with presented procedure was sufficient to obtain RNA with a good quality. Furthermore, application of the automatic biopsy instrument allows obtaining a sufficient amount of biological material for genetic analysis from a wide variety of tissues. Moreover, samples acquired according to this method could be used in other analyses.
The productive lifetime of sows on two farms from the aspect of reasons for culling
Authors: Balogh Peter , Kapelański Wojciech , Jankowiak Hanna , Nagy Lajos , Kovacs Sandor , Huzsvai Laszlo , Popp Jozsef , Posta Janos , Soltesz Angela 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of the productive lifetime (PLT) of sows kept on two farms, from the aspect of reasons for culling. The study was based on data from animals from two breeding farms in Hungary, using the data of 3493 crossbred Dutch Large White and Dutch Landrace sows (DLW × DL) between their first farrowing until the time of culling (2006 and 2012). For six years, the annual culling rate for both farms averaged 45%. The most frequent reasons for removal on both farms were reproductive problems (40%, 51%), leg problems (29%, 23%) and mortality (19%, 15%). There was a significant difference between the distributions of reasons for culling on the two farms (χ2=41.7, P≤0.001). The distributions of reasons for culling differed in three periods of sow breeding (Farm A: χ2=264.7, P≤0.001; Farm B: χ2=511.1, P≤0.001). The percentage of main removal reasons decreased, whereas the frequency of culling due to age increased. Using survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model), significant differences were identified between the PLT of sows culled due to reproductive problems (P≤0.001), leg problems (P≤0.001) and old age (P≤0.001). Reproductive problems (HR: 1.34, P≤0.001) and leg problems (HR: 1.39, P≤0.001) were higher and culling due to old age (HR: 0.44, P≤0.001) was lower on Farm A compared to Farm B. There were no significant differences between the two farms in terms of mortality (HR: 0.99, P=0.923). Overall, the results can be useful for breeders of crossbred (DLW × DL) sow populations in more accurately defining their culling systems.
Example of the application the microsatellite DNA fragments in the study of farmed European catfish (Silurus glanis, L.) broodstock
Authors: Kuciñski Marcin , Liszewski Tomasz , Krzyoeków Anna , Fopp-Bayat Dorota , Łączyñska Beata 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
European catfish, Silurus glanis L., is the second largest freshwater fish in Europe. The species is very popular among the farmers, as it is one of the most promising European aquaculture species. Despite the growing importance of European catfish in freshwater aquaculture, the genetic data available on this species are still limited. The main purpose of the present study was to develop a reliable, feasible genetic protocol for future studies on European catfish populations and broodstocks in Poland. The genetic characteristics of the tested fish group were based on genetic parameters such as the polymorphism information content (PIC), the effective population size (Ne), the inbreeding coefficient (Fis), and the Garza-Williamson index (M), among others. Additionally, the potential effects of a genetic bottleneck on the genetic variation of the broodstock were examined. The genetic analysis protocol described in this study can be used to establish genetic-based records for European catfish broodstocks, including for sperm cryobanking. This approach will be useful for elaborating the selection procedures that allow for optimal assemblages of spawning pairs in artificial reproduction. The application of the genetic analysis protocol in practice will permit maintaining high quality in European catfish broodstocks.
Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) lipid oxidation during cold storage
Authors: Ochrem Andrzej S. , Żychliñska-Buczek Justyna , Zapletal Piotr 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
After meat and dairy products, fish meat is one of the greatest sources of animal protein, but it is also probably the most susceptible to oxidation. The study material consisted of carp, Cyprinus carpio L., meat. The left and right sides of the fillet were divided into three parts, the head, abdomen, and tail. On the first day of the study, the anisidine value ranged from 0.21-1.70, and did not differ significantly among the body parts. Peroxide values fluctuated frequently during the study. Lipid oxidation depended on the part of the fish the meat came from and the structure of the meat, either fillets or ground meat.
Non-native fish species in heated lakes: Origins and present status
Authors: Kapusta Andrzej , Bogacka-Kapusta Elżbieta 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This paper discusses the problem of the occurrence of non-native fish species in a strongly transformed aquatic ecosystem. The changes in this ecosystem are caused by warm water discharges from two electric power plants. Twelve non-native fish species are confirmed to occur in the system of five heated lakes located in central Poland. In total, 30% of the total number of non-native species confirmed in Polish inland waters were noted. Aquaculture and fisheries are the primary sources of non-native species in these lakes. Among the species identified, most reached the lakes or canals by escaping from farming facilities or through commercial stocking. Four species have established stable populations. Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck & Schlegel), Carassius gibelio (Bloch), and Carassius auratus (L.) are invasive species that occur abundantly in all the lakes, while Cyprinus carpio L. reproduces irregularly and only in the most heated lakes. The remaining species do not reproduce in the heated lakes system, or anywhere else in Poland; still, the threat these species pose must not be underestimated.
Peculiar case of branching of the trachea together with both, main and lobar, bronchi into a fetal lung
Authors: Manolakis Al. , Bordei P. , Dina C. , Iliescu D.M. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Using as study method the injection of plastic followed by corrosion, we described, on an 8 months fetal lung, a particular branching pattern of the right bronchial tree were the superior lobar bronchus arise on the right side of the trachea, at 4.1 cm cranial to tracheal bifurcation. Other features of tracheo-bronchial branching encountered in this case: the level and tracheal bifurcation site and origin and the trajectory of the main bronchi, the middle lobar bronchi of the right lung and apical bronchus of the inferior lobar bronchi. To these peculiarities of the tracheo-bronchial tree are described also the peculiarities of the pulmonary arteries branches, which accompanies bronchial ramifications.
The Core of Aggregative Cooperative Games with Externalities
Authors: Stamatopoulos Giorgos 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper analyzes cooperative games with externalities generated by aggregative normal form games. We construct the characteristic function of a coalition S for various coalition formation rules and we examine the corresponding cores. We first show that the $$\gamma $$-core is non-empty provided each player’s payoff decreases in the sum of all players’ strategies. We generalize this result by showing that if S believes that the outside players form at least $$l(s) = n - s - (s - 1)$$ coalitions, then S has no incentive to deviate from the grand coalition and the corresponding core is non-empty (where n is the number of players in the game and s the number of members of S). We finally consider the class of linear aggregative games (Martimort and Stole 2010). In this case, if S believes that the outsiders form at least $$\widehat l(s) = {n \over s} - 1$$ coalitions [where $$\widehat l(s) \le l(s)$$] a core non-emptiness result holds again.
An adjustable flow restrictor for implantable infusion pumps based on porous ceramics
Authors: Jannsen Holger , Klein Stephan , Nestler Bodo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper describes an adjustable flow restrictor for use in gas-driven implantable infusion pumps, which is based on the resistance of a flow through a porous ceramic material. The flow inside the walls of a ceramic tube can be adjusted between 270 nl/min and 1260 nl/min by changing the flow path length in the ceramic over a distance of 14 mm. The long-term stability of the flow restrictor has been analyzed. A drift of -8% from the nominal value was observed, which lies within the required tolerance of ±10% after 30 days. The average time needed to change the flow rate is 40 s. In addition, the maximum adjustment time was 110 s, which also lies within the specification.
Rural area marginalisation: searching for tendencies. Case study: the Western fringes of Poland
Authors: Markuszewska Iwona 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to evaluate the intensity of rural area marginalisation. As a study region, Western periphery of Poland has been chosen. The spatial scope of the research covers three border voivodeships: Dolnośląskie, Lubuskie and Zachodniopomorskie, however, the study was conducted at the local level, including 310 rural and rural-urban gminas (administrative region of the 3rd order in Poland). The statistical data were derived from the Central Statistical Office from the period of last two decades. Results revealed the differences in the level of rural area marginalization and were analysed in terms of agricultural and socio-economic aspects.
Synthesis of new 4′-(N-alkylpyrrol-2-yl)-2,2′: 6′,2″-terpyridines via N-alkylation of a pyrrole moiety
Authors: Husson Jérôme , Guyard Laurent 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
New 4′-(N-alkylpyrrol-2-yl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridines were synthesized by N-alkylation of a pyrrole substituent with alkyl halides in dimethyl sulfoxide.
Iranian adolescents’ insufficient physical activity: a mixed methods explanatory sequential study
Authors: Baheiraei Azam , Hamzehgardeshi Zeinab , Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Mohammadi Eesa , Nedjat Saharnaz 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Background: Adolescents’ physical activity decreases from the stage of childhood to adulthood. This study was addressed to explain adolescents’ insufficient physical activity (IPA) and its related factors. The subjects were 1201 adolescents in the quantitative phase and 25 adolescents in the quantitative phase.
Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed methods design with follow-up explanations variant was used, which involved collecting quantitative data (1201 adolescents) first and then explaining the quantitative results with in-depth interviews and written narrative (25 adolescents) during a qualitative study.
Results: The quantitative results showed that 98.8% of adolescents did not have the recommended physical activity. Five themes were extracted in the qualitative phase including the inhibitory effect of the school environment and peers, as well as the inhibitory effect of the family environment, lack of availability and cultural barriers for the presence of girls in the community, the effect of self-feeling and self-understanding, and physical and mental exhaustion and permutation. According to the qualitative findings of the study, physical and mental exhaustion expressed the fact that, although adolescents had an unfavorable sense of IPA, they were under the effects of the intrinsic and extrinsic factors.
Conclusion: The comparison of these themes indicates that this behavior is imposable but not optional.
Knowledge Transfer in Organizations: The Case of the Norwegian Army Defending Bergen 1940
Authors: Grieg-Smith Sven-Erik 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This paper examines communication in crisis during the German attack on Bergen on the 9th of April 1940 and aims to clarify the difficulties under which military commanders operate. By the very nature of their role, leading officers inevitably take responsibility for the deaths of their own soldiers as well as of enemies but very few people appreciate - still less understand - the intricacies and stress of combat. This is especially so if there is a tension between the actions which appear most prudent to military officers in the field and those considered diplomatically appropriate by senior political officials.
Characteristics of Point-Bar Development under the Influence of a Dam: Case Study on the Dráva River at Sigetec, Croatia
Authors: Kiss Tímea , Balogh Márton 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Before the extensive engineering works the Dráva River had braided pattern. However in the 19-20th centuries river regulation works became widespread, thus meanders were cut off, side-channels were blocked and hydroelectric power plants were completed. These human impacts significantly changed the hydro-morphology of the river. The aim of the present research is to analyse meander development and the formation of a point-bar from the point of view of indirect human impact. Series of maps and ortho-photos representing the period of 1870-2011 were used to quantify the longterm meander development, rate of bank erosion and point-bar aggradation. Besides, at-a-site erosion measurements and grain-size analysis were also carried out. As the result of reservoir constructions during the last 145 years floods almost totally disappeared, as their return period increased to 5-15 years and their duration decreased to 1-2 days. The channel pattern had changed from braided to sinuous and to meandering, thus the rate of bank erosion increased from 3.7 m/y to 32 m/y. On the upstream part of the point-bar the maximum grain size is 49.7-83.4 mm and the mean particle size is 7.6 mm, whilst on the downstream part the maximum grain size was only 39.7-39.9 mm and mean sediment size decreased to 6.1 mm. Due to the coarse sediment supply and the decreasing stream energy the point-bars develop quickly upstream and laterally too.