bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Screen Media Use Associated With Higher BMI in Young Adolescents
Authors: Bickham David S. , Blood Emily A. , Walls Courtney E. , Shrier Lydia A. , Rich Michael 
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVES:This study investigates how characteristics of young adolescents’ screen media use are associated with their BMI. By examining relationships between BMI and both time spent using each of 3 screen media and level of attention allocated to use, we sought to contribute to the understanding of mechanisms linking media use and obesity.METHODS:We measured heights and weights of 91 13- to 15-year-olds and calculated their BMIs. Over 1 week, participants completed a weekday and a Saturday 24-hour time-use diary in which they reported the amount of time they spent using TV, computers, and video games. Participants carried handheld computers and responded to 4 to 7 random signals per day by completing onscreen questionnaires reporting activities to which they were paying primary, secondary, and tertiary attention.RESULTS:Higher proportions of primary attention to TV were positively associated with higher BMI. The difference between 25th and 75th percentiles of attention to TV corresponded to an estimated +2.4 BMI points. Time spent watching television was unrelated to BMI. Neither duration of use nor extent of attention paid to video games or computers was associated with BMI.CONCLUSIONS:These findings support the notion that attention to TV is a key element of the increased obesity risk associated with TV viewing. Mechanisms may include the influence of TV commercials on preferences for energy-dense, nutritionally questionable foods and/or eating while distracted by TV. Interventions that interrupt these processes may be effective in decreasing obesity among screen media users.
Patterns of Inpatient Care for Newly Diagnosed Immune Thrombocytopenia in US Children’s Hospitals
Authors: Kime Courtney , Klima Jennifer , Rose Melissa J. , O’Brien Sarah H. 
Published: April 2013

OBJECTIVE:
Although recent evidence-based guidelines for the management of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) recommend a conservative, observation-based approach for the majority of patients with newly diagnosed pediatric ITP, current practice patterns are unknown. This study used the Pediatric Health Information System database to examine patterns of inpatient care in newly diagnosed ITP in freestanding US children’s hospitals and to examine geographic differences in care.

METHODS:
Data were extracted from Pediatric Health Information System for all newly diagnosed ITP admissions aged 1 to 18 years discharged between January 2008 and December 2010. Clinical data obtained included age, gender, length of stay, diagnoses, medications, and discharge status.

RESULTS:
We identified 2314 unique patients meeting the study diagnosis of newly diagnosed ITP. Noncutaneous bleeding occurred in 12% of patients (intracranial hemorrhage 0.6%), with epistaxis the most commonly reported symptom. Ninety percent of hospitalized patients received ITP-directed therapy, with intravenous immunoglobulin G the most commonly used therapy (78% of patients). We identified significant variation by geographic region in treatment strategies, length of stay, hospital charges, and likelihood of readmission.

CONCLUSIONS:
A substantial number of children with newly diagnosed ITP continue to be hospitalized and receive intravenous medications, although the majority of these patients do not have clinical bleeding events during the admission. By using these results as a backdrop, future studies will be able to identify if the number of ITP admissions, costs of care, and geographic variability in care decrease with the dissemination and implementation of recently published guidelines.
Adaptive 3D Image-Guided Brachytherapy: A Strong Argument in the Debate on Systematic Radical Hysterectomy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Mazeron Renaud , Gilmore Jennifer , Dumas Isabelle , Champoudry Jérôme , Goulart Jennifer , Vanneste Ben , Tailleur Anne , Morice Philippe , Haie-Meder Christine 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Learning Objectives
Evaluate control rates of IGABT combined with CCRT for the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer. Describe survival outcomes in patients treated with IGABT combined with CCRT for locally advanced cervical cancer. Describe toxicities in patients treated with IGABT combined with CCRT for locally advanced cervical cancer.

Purpose.
To evaluate the outcomes of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer treated with three-dimensional image-guided brachytherapy (IGABT) after concomitant chemoradiation (CCRT).

Materials and Methods.
Data from patients treated with CCRT followed by magnetic resonance imaging-guided or computed tomography-guided pulsed-dose-rate brachytherapy, performed according to the Groupe Européen de Curiethérapie–European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology guidelines, were reviewed. At first, stage I or II patients systematically underwent radical hysterectomy or were offered a randomized study evaluating hysterectomy. Then, hysterectomy was limited to salvage treatment.

Results.
Of 163 patients identified, 27% had stage IB, 57% had stage II, 12% had stage III, and 3% had stage IVA disease. The mean dose delivered (in 2-Gy dose equivalents) to 90% of the high-risk clinical target volume was 78.1 ± 9.6 Gy, whereas the doses delivered to organs at risk were maintained under the usual thresholds. Sixty-one patients underwent a hysterectomy. Macroscopic residual disease was found in 13 cases. With a median follow-up of 36 months (range, 5–79 months), 45 patients had relapsed. The 3-year overall survival rate was 76%. Local and pelvic control rates were 92% and 86%, respectively. According to the Common Toxicity Criteria 3.0, 7.4% of patients experienced late grade 3 or 4 toxicity. Most of those had undergone postradiation radical surgery (2.9% vs. 14.8; p = .005).

Conclusion.
IGABT combined with CCRT provides excellent locoregional control rates with low treatment-related morbidity, justifying the elimination of hysterectomy in the absence of obvious residual disease. Distant metastasis remains an important first relapse and may warrant more aggressive systemic treatment.
Divestitures of Equity by Executives and Future Equity Granting Patterns
Authors: Cadman Brian 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT
This paper empirically investigates the influence of executive wealth diversification on equity granting patterns. Risk-averse, undiversified executives who hold much wealth in the firm discount the value of their equity holdings. This study investigates how firms respond to changes in CEO wealth diversification that follow equity divestitures. The results suggest that firms provide greater equity incentives following increases in executive wealth diversification. In addition, the proportion of annual compensation in the form of equity increases with CEO wealth diversification. Overall, the results support agency theory predictions that wealth diversification is an important component of contracting with undiversified, risk-averse managers.
JEL Classifications: G31; G32; J33; M4.
Clinical Effects of Exposure to Coffee During At-home Vital Bleaching
Authors: Rezende M , Loguercio AD , Reis A , Kossatz S 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARY
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether exposure to coffee during bleaching treatment with 16% carbamide peroxide (CP) affects the degree of whitening and tooth sensitivity. Forty patients with central incisors darker than A2 were selected. Participants who did not drink coffee were assigned to the control group (CG), while participants who drink coffee at least twice a day were assigned to the experimental group (EG). For CG, foods with dyes were restricted. For EG there was no restriction on food and patients were asked to make coffee rinses for 30 seconds, four times daily. For both groups 16% CP was used for a period of three hours daily for three weeks. Shade evaluation was assessed visually by Vita classical shade guide and by the Easyshade spectrophotometer at baseline, during bleaching (first, second, and third weeks), and postbleaching (one week and one month). Patients recorded their sensitivity perceptions by means of the numerical rating scale and 0-10 visual analog scales. Variation in shade guide units and the two colors (ΔE) were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (α=0.05). Absolute risk of tooth sensitivity and intensity of tooth sensitivity was evaluated by Fisher exact and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). Effective bleaching was observed for both groups after three weeks, without statistical difference. No difference in terms of risk of tooth sensitivity and intensity of tooth sensitivity was detected between groups. Approximately 57% of the participants experienced tooth sensitivity, which was recorded mainly as “mild.” Exposure to coffee during bleaching treatment does not seem to affect the degree of bleaching and tooth sensitivity.
The Evaluation of Working Casts Prepared from Digital Impressions
Authors: Hwang YC , Park YS , Kim HK , Hong YS , Ahn JS , Ryu JJ 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARYObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the reproducibility of working casts of a digital impression system by comparing them with the original, virtual, and rapid prototyping casts.Materials and MethodsA total of 54 cast sets in clinically stable occlusion were used. They were scanned by an iTero intraoral scanner and converted into STL format virtual casts. Rapid prototyping casts and polyurethane casts were fabricated from the iTero milling system based on the virtual casts. Several horizontal and vertical measurements were performed from the four types of casts, that is, original stone casts, virtual casts, rapid prototyping casts, and polyurethane casts of iTero. Measurement error, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and differences among the casts were calculated and compared.ResultsCasts from iTero milling machines exhibited greater dimensional differences and lower ICC values than did other casts. In addition, many of the measurements of the iTero working casts showed statistically significant differences in comparison to the three other types of casts. In contrast, there were no statistically significant differences between the virtual and original casts.ConclusionVirtual casts made by the iTero intraoral scanner exhibited excellent reproducibility. However, the casts from the iTero milling machine showed greater dimensional differences and lower reproducibility compared to other types of casts.
Effect of Postoperative Peroxide Bleaching on the Marginal Seal of Composite Restorations Bonded With Self-etch Adhesives
Authors: Roubickova A , Dudek M , Comba L , Housova D , Bradna P 
Published: April 2013

SUMMARY
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of peroxide bleaching on the marginal seal of composite restorations bonded with several adhesive systems. Combined cylindrical Class V cavities located half in enamel and half in dentin were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of human molars. The cavities were bonded with the self-etch adhesives Clearfil SE-Bond (CLF), Adper Prompt (ADP), and iBond (IBO) and an etch-and-rinse adhesive Gluma Comfort Bond (GLU) and restored with a microhybrid composite Charisma. Experimental groups were treated 25 times for eight hours per day with a peroxide bleaching gel Opalescence PF 20, while the control groups were stored in distilled water for two months and then subjected to a microleakage test using a dye penetration method. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the etching and penetration abilities of the adhesives and morphology of debonded restoration-enamel interfaces after the microleakage tests. Statistical analyses were performed using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests at p=0.05. The microleakage of all GLU groups was low and not significantly affected by peroxide bleaching. Low microleakage was recorded for CLF control groups, but after bleaching, a small but significant increase in microleakage at the enamel margin indicated its sensitivity to peroxide bleaching. For ADP and IBO control groups, the microleakage at the enamel margins was significantly higher than for GLU and CLF and exceeded that at the dentin margins. Bleaching did not induce any significant changes in the microleakage. Electron microscopy analysis indicated that in our experimental setup, decreased adhesion and mechanical resistance of the ADP- and IBO-enamel interfaces could be more important than the chemical degradation effects induced by the peroxide bleaching gel.
Notes en marge de Médée
Authors: Roux Georges 
Published: April 2013

Explication des vers 1 1-12. Traduire : « cherchant à plaire à Jason en évitant la société des citoyens du pays où elle s'est réfugiée, et, dans son foyer, en se montrant docile en tout aux volontés de son époux ».
Vers 21 : accentuer δεξιᾶς. Vers 46 : accentuer τροχῶν.
La culpabilité traumatique de Myrrha : une version mélancolique du drame œdipien ?
Authors: Belamich Garance , Costantino Charlotte , Mercier Léa 
Published: April 2013

Tout comme la tragédie d’Œdipe raconte la progression dramatique, inéluctable et inconsciente vers la réalisation incestueuse, le mythe de Myrrha, dont la légende est racontée par Ovide dans Les métamorphoses , peut s’entendre comme une autre version du drame œdipien, version où l’accent est mis sur la culpabilité traumatique qui fait suite au crime d’inceste. Au travers d’une histoire clinique les auteurs de l’article illustrent ce que l’on pourrait appeler une « bascule mélancolique » du drame œdipien à l’adolescence, lorsque le système défensif se trouve débordé par le processus pubertaire, lequel devient alors potentiellement traumatique.
Accompagner les soignants confrontés au suicide en institution
Authors: Costantino Charlotte , Ferreira Élisabeth , Nys Corentine 
Published: April 2013

Les auteurs abordent l’accompagnement des soignants dans leur cheminement vers un travail de deuil lorsqu’ils sont confrontés à une situation potentiellement traumatique comme le suicide, par la mise en place d’un groupe de parole dans le cadre de l’intervention d’une « Cellule urgences institutionnelles ». Ils proposent une analyse clinique des mécanismes psychiques en jeu dans ces espaces de parole ainsi que des effets cliniques sur les équipes soignantes et l’institution.
L’industrie minière et le développement urbain en milieu nordique : l’exemple de Fermont au Québec
Authors: Simard Martin , Brisson Carl 
Published: April 2013

La carte du Québec affiche une vaste péninsule de plus de 1,6 millions de km2. Toutefois, la partie nord, successivement appelée l’Ungava, le Nouveau-Québec et le Nord-du-Québec, appartient à la Province du Québec depuis seulement 1912. Dans une perspective québécoise, le processus d’appropriation de ces vastes espaces peuplés d’Inuit et d’Autochtones s’est réalisé tardivement. Par ailleurs, les cycles économiques liés à l’industrie minière ont marqué en profondeur le développement des espaces nordiques. Ainsi, des phases de stagnation et de déclin succèdent aux périodes d’investissements massifs, avec la mise en place d’infrastructures colossales et d’établissements humains. La ville de Fermont est l’un de ces établissements soumis aux ruptures évolutives. Son plan urbain original, qui a été conçu par l’architecte-urbaniste Norbert Schoenauer en 1972, illustre une volonté d’adaptation aux climats froids. L’objectif de cet article est de proposer un bilan de cette ville de front pionnier quarante ans après sa naissance. Il interroge la résilience des collectivités nordiques au moment où le Gouvernement du Québec fait à nouveau la promotion du développement du Nord de la province.
A Phosphatidylinositol Species Acutely Generated by Activated Macrophages Regulates Innate Immune Responses
Authors: Gil-de-Gómez Luis , Astudillo Alma M. , Meana Clara , Rubio Julio M. , Guijas Carlos , Balboa María A. , Balsinde Jesús 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Activation of macrophages with stimuli of the innate immune response results in the intense remodeling of arachidonate-containing phospholipids, leading to the mobilization of large quantities of this fatty acid for conversion into biologically active eicosanoids. As a consequence of this process, the arachidonate levels in membrane phospholipids markedly decrease. We have applied mass spectrometry–based lipid profiling to study the levels of arachidonate-containing phospholipids under inflammatory activation of macrophages. We identify an unusual inositol phospholipid molecule, PI(20:4/20:4), the levels of which do not decrease but actually increase by 300% after activation of the macrophages. PI(20:4/20:4) is formed and degraded rapidly, suggesting a role for this molecule in regulating cell signaling events. Using a metabolipidomic approach consisting in exposing the cells to deuterium-labeled arachidonate at the time they are exposed to stimuli, we show that PI(20:4/20:4) biosynthesis occurs via the sequential incorporation of arachidonate, first into the sn-2 position of a preformed phosphatidylinositol (PI) molecule, followed by the rapid introduction of a second arachidonate moiety into the sn-1 position. Generation requires the participation of cytosolic phospholipase A2α and CoA-dependent acyltransferases. PI(20:4/20:4) formation is also detected in vivo in murine peritonitis exudates. Elevating the intracellular concentration of PI(20:4/20:4) by introducing the lipid into the cells results in enhancement of the microbicidal capacity of macrophages, as measured by reactive oxygen metabolite production and lysozyme release. These findings suggest that PI(20:4/20:4) is a novel bioactive inositol phospholipid molecule that regulates innate immune responses in macrophages.
Multifunctional Graphene–PEDOT Microelectrodes for On‐Chip Manipulation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Hsiao Yu‐Sheng , Kuo Chiung‐Wen , Chen Peilin 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAll‐solution‐processed multifunctional organic bioelectronics composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and dexamethasone 21‐phosphate disodium salt (DEX)‐loaded poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) microelectrode arrays on indium tin oxide glass are reported. They can be used to manipulate the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). In the devices, the rGO material functions as an adhesive coating to promote the adhesion and alignment of hMSC cells and to accelerate their osteogenic differentiation. The poly(L‐lysine‐graft‐ethylene glycol) (PLL‐g‐PEG)‐coated PEDOT electrodes serve as electroactive drug‐releasing electrodes. In addition, the corresponding three‐zone parallel devices operate as efficient drug‐releasing components through spatial‐temporal control of the release of the drug DEX from the PEDOT matrix. Such devices can be used for long‐term cell culturing and controlled differentiation of hMSCs through electrical stimulation.
Leaf‐like Graphene Oxide with a Carbon Nanotube Midrib and Its Application in Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Guo Ziyang , Wang Jie , Wang Fei , Zhou DanDan , Xia Yongyao , Wang Yonggang 
Published: April 2013

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) has recently attracted a great deal of attention because of its heterogeneous chemical and electronic structures and its consequent exhibition of a wide range of potential applications, such as plastic electronics, optical materials, solar cells, and biosensors. However, its insulating nature also limits its application in some electronic and energy storage devices. In order to further widen the applications of GO, it is necessary to keep its inherent characteristics while improving its conductivity. Here, a novel leaf‐like GO with a carbon nanotube (CNT) midrib is developed using vapor growth carbon fiber (VGCF) through the conventional Hummers method. The CNT midrib provides a natural electron diffusion path for the leaf‐like GO, and therefore, this leaf‐like GO with a CNT midrib displays excellent performance when applied in energy storage devices, including Li‐O2 batteries, Li‐ion batteries, and supercapacitors.
Ex Vivo Human Trabecular Bone Model for Biocompatibility Evaluation of Calcium Phosphate Composites Modified with Spray Dried Biodegradable Microspheres
Authors: Schnieders Julia , Gbureck Uwe , Germershaus Oliver , Kratz Marita , Jones David B. , Kissel Thomas 
Published: April 2013

AbstractOur aim was to study the suitability of the ex‐vivo human trabecular bone bioreactor ZetOS to test the biocompatibility of calcium phosphate bone cement composites modified with spray dried, drug loaded microspheres. We hypothesized, that this bone bioreactor could be a promising alternative to in vivo assessment of biocompatibility in living human bone over a defined time period. Composites consisting of tetracycline loaded poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) microspheres and calcium phosphate bone cement, were inserted into in vitro cultured human femora head trabecular bone and incubated over 30 days at 37°C in the incubation system. Different biocompatibility parameters, such as lactate dehydrogenase activity, alkaline phosphatase release and the expression of relevant cytokines, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α, were measured in the incubation medium. No significant differences in alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and lactate dehydrogenase activity were measured compared to control samples. Tetracycline was released from the microspheres, delivered and incorporated into newly formed bone. In this study we demonstrated that ex vivo biocompatibility testing using human trabecular bone in a bioreactor is a potential alternative to animal experiments since bone metabolism is still maintained in a physiological environment ex vivo.
Double Gold‐Catalysed Annulation of Indoles by Enynones
Authors: Heffernan Stephen J. , Tellam James P. , Queru Marine E. , Silvanus Andrew C. , Benito David , Mahon Mary F. , Hennessy Alan J. , Andrews Benjamin I. , Carbery David R. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe gold‐catalysed double functionalisation of indoles is presented. Enynones are used to annulate indoles via a double sodium tetrachloroaurate‐catalysed process involving a mixture of CH activation and alkyne activation modes of promotion. Good yields for the formation of medicinally relevant [6,5,7]‐tricyclic indoles are realised.
A simple model to explain evolutionary trends of eukaryotic gene architecture and expression
Authors: Catania Francesco , Lynch Michael 
Published: April 2013

AbstractEnormous phylogenetic variation exists in the number and sizes of introns in protein‐coding genes. Although some consideration has been given to the underlying role of the population‐genetic environment in defining such patterns, the influence of the intracellular environment remains virtually unexplored. Drawing from observations on interactions between co‐transcriptional processes involved in splicing and mRNA 3′‐end formation, a mechanistic model is proposed for splice‐site recognition that challenges the commonly accepted intron‐ and exon‐definition models. Under the suggested model, splicing factors that outcompete 3′‐end processing factors for access to intronic binding sites concurrently favor the recruitment of 3′‐end processing factors at the pre‐mRNA tail. This hypothesis sheds new light on observations such as the intron‐mediated enhancement of gene expression and the negative correlation between intron length and levels of gene expression.