bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy is Associated with Improved Clinical Outcome and Absence of Appropriate Shocks
Authors: BOVEN NICK VAN , BOGAARD KJELL , RUITER JAAP , KIMMAN GEERT , THEUNS DOMINIC , KARDYS ISABELLA , UMANS VICTOR 
Published: October 2012

Clinical Outcome in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) Functional Responders. Introduction: We evaluated clinical outcome and incidence of (in)appropriate shocks in consecutive chronic heart failure (CHF) patients treated with CRT with a defibrillator (CRT‐D) according to functional response status. Furthermore, we investigated which factors predict such functional response.
Methods and Results

: In a large teaching hospital, 179 consecutive CHF patients received CRT‐D in 2005–2010. Patients were considered functional responders if left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased to ≥35% postimplantation. Analysis was performed on 142 patients, who had CRT‐D as primary prevention, complete data and a baseline LVEF <35%. Endpoints consisted of all‐cause mortality, heart failure (HF) hospitalizations, appropriate shocks and inappropriate shocks. Median follow‐up was 3.0 years (interquartile range [IQR] 1.6–4.4) and median baseline LVEF was 20% (IQR 18–25%). The functional response‐group consisted of 42 patients. In this group no patients died, none were hospitalized for HF, none received appropriate shocks and 3 patients (7.1%) received ≥1 inappropriate shocks. In comparison, the functional nonresponse group consisted of 100 patients, of whom 22 (22%) died (P = 0.003), 17 (17%) were hospitalized for HF (P = 0.007), 17 (17%) had ≥1 appropriate shocks (P = 0.003) and 8 (8.1%) received ≥1 inappropriate shocks (P = 0.78). Multivariable analysis showed that left bundle branch block (LBBB), QRS duration ≥150 milliseconds and no need for diuretics at baseline are independent predictors of functional response.
Conclusion

: Functional responders to CRT have a good prognosis and rarely need ICD therapy. LBBB, QRS duration ≥150 milliseconds and lack of chronic diuretic use predict functional response. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 24, pp. 316‐322, March 2013)
Experience with the dermatology inpatient hospital service for adults: Mayo Clinic, 2000–2010
Authors: Storan E.R. , McEvoy M.T. , Wetter D.A. , el‐Azhary R.A. , Bridges A.G. , Camilleri M.J. , Davis M.D.P. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackground  There is a paucity of medical literature describing the role of dermatology inpatient hospital services for patients with severe dermatologic disease. A diminishing number of US hospitals have a dedicated dermatology inpatient service run by dermatologists.Objectives  To describe the role of a dermatology‐run inpatient service in treatment of severe dermatologic disease from 2000 to 2010 at our institution.Methods  We studied demographic characteristics, indications for admission and length of stay for the adult (age, >18 years) dermatology inpatient hospital service over the most recent decade. We compared data from the first 5.5 years with the subsequent 5.5 years and with previously published data.Results  A total of 1732 patients had 2216 inpatient admissions to the adult service from 2000 to 2010. The mean (SD) age was 61.3 (17.7) years (age range 18–100 years). Median duration of admission was 3 days interquartile range (IQR), 2–5 days. The most common indications for admission were dermatitis (44.2%), psoriasis (17.4%) and cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (9.2%). We compared admissions from 2000 to mid‐2005 (n = 1260) to admissions from mid‐2005 to 2010 (n = 956). Statistically significant changes included median length of stay (decreased from 4 days [IQR, 3–6 days] to 3 days [IQR, 2–4 days] P < 0.01), admissions for psoriasis (decreased from 20.7% to 13.0%; P < .01) and admissions for dermatitis (increased from 41.6% to 47.6%; P < .01).Conclusion  The number of patients admitted and the median length of stay decreased between the 2 periods. Indications for admission have changed significantly across the two time periods.
Pulmonary pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in swine. Part 2: Intra‐airways compartments
Authors: Villarino N. , Lesman S. , Fielder A. , García‐Tapia D. , Cox S. , Lucas M. , Robinson J. , Brown S. A. , Martín‐Jiménez T. 
Published: October 2012

The objective of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in pulmonary and bronchial epithelial lining fluid (PELF and BELF) from pigs. Clinically healthy pigs were allocated to two groups of 36 animals each. All animals were treated with tulathromycin (2.5 mg/kg/i.m). Animals in group 2 were also challenged intratracheally with lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli 3 h prior to tulathromycin administration. Both PELF and BELF samples were harvested using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and bronchial micro‐sampling probes, respectively. Samples were taken for 17 days post‐tulathromycin administration. No statistical differences in the concentration of tulathromycin were observed in PELF between groups. The concentration vs. time profile in BELF was evaluated only in Group 1. Tulathromycin distributed rapidly and extensively into the airway compartments. The time to maximal (Tmax) concentration was 6 h postdrug administration in PELF but 72 h post‐tulathromycin administration for BELF. In group 2, the Tmax was seen at 24 h post‐tulathromycin administration. The area under the concentration time curve (h*ng/mL) was 522 000, 348 000 and 1 290 000 for PELFGroup‐1, PELFGroup‐2, and BELFGroup‐1, respectively. Tulathromycin not only distributed rapidly into intra‐airway compartments at relatively high concentrations but also resided in the airway lining fluid for a long time (>4 days).
Environmental factors shaping boring sponge assemblages at Mexican Pacific coral reefs
Authors: Nava Héctor , Carballo José Luis 
Published: October 2012

AbstractRecent studies suggest a future increase in sponge bioerosion as an outcome of coral reef decline around the world. However, the factors that shape boring sponge assemblages in coral reefs are not currently well understood. This work presents the results of a 17‐month assessment of the presence and species richness of boring sponges in fragments collected from living corals, dead coral reef matrix and coral rubble from Punta de Mita and Isabel Island, two coral reefs from the central coast of the Mexican Pacific Ocean. Both localities have a high cover of dead corals generated by past El Niño Southern Oscillation events, but Punta de Mita was also highly exposed to anthropogenic impacts. Additionally, environmental factors (water transparency, water movement, temperature, sediment deposition, SST, and chlorophyll concentration) were assessed to test the hypothesis that environmental conditions which are potentially harmful for corals can enhance sponge bioerosion. Isabel Island and Punta de Mita showed a similar species richness (13 and 11 species, respectively) but boring sponge presence in both live and dead corals was higher at Isabel Island (57.6%) than at Punta de Mita (35.7%). The same result was obtained when each type of substrate was analysed separately: dead coral reef matrix (81.3% versus 55.5%), coral rubble (47.7% versus 20.0%) and living corals (43.7% versus 31.7%). A principal components analysis showed a higher environmental heterogeneity at Punta de Mita, as well as important environmental differences between Punta de Mita and Isabel Island, due to sediment deposition (2.0 versus 0.2 kg·m−2·d−1) and water movement (24.5% versus 20.5% plaster dissolution day−1), that were also negatively correlated with boring sponge presence (r = −0.7). By analysing the boring sponge assemblage, we found that environmental settings, together with habitat availability (i.e., dead coral substrate) differentiated assemblage structure at both localities. Major structural differences were largely due to species such as Cliona vermifera, Cliona tropicalis and Aka cryptica. In conclusion, factors such as habitat availability favored the presence of boring sponges but some environmental factors such as abrasion resulting from moving sediment acted restrictively, and exerted a major role in structuring boring sponge assemblages in the Mexican Pacific.
Identifying modifiable factors to improve quality for older adults in hospital: a scoping review
Authors: Parke Belinda , Hunter Kathleen F. , Bostrom Anne‐Marie , Chambers Thane , Manraj Christina 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundTraditional ways of viewing hospitalisation do not always recognise how elements within the hospital environment contribute to disability. Four theoretical dimensions of older adult‐hospital environment fit have been proposed in previous research on elder‐friendly hospitals: social climate, physical design, care systems and processes, policies and procedures; however, modifiable factors for each dimension are not yet identified.DesignExploratory iterative design guided by Arksey and O'Malley (2005,International Journal of Social Research Methodology8, 19) scoping review methodology.MethodWe undertook a scoping review of primary research related to hospitalised community‐dwelling older adults. Keys search terms and criteria were used to identify relevant articles with modifiable factors extracted from articles meeting study criteria.ResultsA total of 66 studies were included and evaluated for modifiable factor mapping. We were able to map all 66 studies to the four dimensions. The majority of included studies described care systems and processes, with little relating to social climate, physical design and policies and procedures. Thirty‐nine potentially modifiable factors were identified and mapped to the theoretical dimensions according to four overarching themes: models of care; assessment of potential geriatric issues; targeting care to a specific clinical issue and supporting transitions home themes.ConclusionThe dimensions of older adult‐hospital fit help us to organise key features of an elder‐friendly hospital and identify potentially modifiable factors. Although it makes intuitive sense to cluster and organise according to the dimensions to help with understanding, this tells us little about the synergy of interactions and hierarchical relationships. Our results highlight the importance of competent gerontological nursing in care for hospitalised older adults and the need for further understanding of the older adult and family as a unit of care.Implications for practiceRegistered nurses have a leadership role to ensure safe quality care for older people in hospital. This leadership role can be framed in interventions that focus on fixing the fit between what older people need and what the hospital environment provides. Modifiable factors for improvement are within the scope and competency of the registered nurse.
The ‘Can't Intubate Can't Oxygenate’ scenario in Pediatric Anesthesia: a comparison of different devices for needle cricothyroidotomy
Authors: Stacey Jonathan , Heard Andrew M. B. , Chapman Gordon , Wallace Catherine J. , Hegarty Mary , Vijayasekaran Shyan , von Ungern‐Sternberg Britta S. 
Published: October 2012

SummaryBackgroundLittle evidence exists to guide the management of the ‘Can't Intubate, Can't Oxygenate’ (CICO) scenario in pediatric anesthesia.ObjectivesTo compare two intravenous cannulae for ease of use, success rate and complication rate in needle tracheotomy in a postmortem animal model of the infant airway, and trial a commercially available device using the same model.MethodsTwo experienced proceduralists repeatedly attempted cannula tracheotomy in five postmortem rabbits, alternately using 18‐gauge (18G) and 14‐gauge (14G) BD Insyte™ cannulae (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). Attempts began at the first tracheal cartilage, with subsequent attempts progressively more caudad. Success was defined as intratracheal cannula placement. In each rabbit, an attempt was then made by each proceduralist to perform a cannula tracheotomy using the Quicktrach Child™ device (VBM Medizintechnik GmbH, Sulz am Neckar, Germany).ResultsThe rabbit tracheas were of similar dimensions to a human infant. 60 attempts were made at cannula tracheotomy, yielding a 60% success rate. There was no significant difference in success rate, ease of use, or complication rate between cannulae of different gauge. Successful aspiration was highly predictive (positive predictive value 97%) and both sensitive (89%) and specific (96%) for tracheal cannulation. The posterior tracheal wall was perforated in 42% of tracheal punctures. None of 13 attempts using the Quicktrach Child™ were successful.ConclusionCannula tracheotomy in a model comparable to the infant airway is difficult and not without complication. Cannulae of 14‐ and 18‐gauge appear to offer similar performance. Successful aspiration is the key predictor of appropriate cannula placement. The Quicktrach Child was not used successfully in this model. Further work is required to compare possible management strategies for the CICO scenario.
Oral immunotherapy with transgenic rice seed containing destructed Japanese cedar pollen allergens, Cry j 1 and Cry j 2, against Japanese cedar pollinosis
Authors: Wakasa Yuhya , Takagi Hidenori , Hirose Sakiko , Yang Lijun , Saeki Mayumi , Nishimura Tomoe , Kaminuma Osamu , Hiroi Takachika , Takaiwa Fumio 
Published: October 2012

SummaryTransgenic rice accumulating the modified major Japanese cedar pollen allergens, Cryptomeria japonica 1 (Cry j 1) and Cryptomeria japonica 2 (Cry j 2), which were deconstructed by fragmentation and shuffling, respectively, in the edible part of the seed was generated by transformation of a good‐tasting rice variety, ‘Koshihikari’. These modified cedar pollen antigens were deposited in ER‐derived protein bodies (PB‐I), which are suitable for delivery to the mucosal immune system in gut‐associated lymphoid tissue when orally administered because antigens bioencapsulated in PB‐I are resistant against hydrolysis by intestinal enzymes and harsh environments. Mice fed transgenic seeds daily for three weeks and then challenged with crude cedar pollen allergen showed marked suppression of allergen‐specific CD4+ T‐cell proliferation, IgE and IgG levels compared with mice fed nontransgenic rice seeds. As clinical symptoms of pollinosis, sneezing frequency and infiltration of inflammatory cells such as eosinophils and neutrophils were also significantly reduced in the nasal tissue. These results imply that oral administration of transgenic rice seeds containing the structurally disrupted Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 antigens, serving as universal antigens, is a promising approach for specific immunoprophylaxis against Japanese cedar pollinosis.
Recruitment and Retention Strategies for a Community‐Based Weight Management Study for Multi‐Ethnic Elementary School Children and Their Parents
Authors: Berry Diane C. , Neal Madeline , Hall Emily Gail , McMurray Robert G. , Schwartz Todd A. , Skelly Anne H. , Smith‐Miller Cherie 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis article describes successful recruitment and retention strategies for a community‐based weight management study in two school districts in North Carolina. Recruitment and retention on both district and school levels and child and parent levels are discussed. A total of 358 children and 358 parents from eight schools in rural North Carolina participated in a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of a nutrition and exercise education, coping skills training, and exercise intervention. Recruitment and retention at the district and school level included meeting with superintendents and receiving a proper introduction to school principals and consistently clear communication throughout the study. At the school level, relationships were developed with the principal and other key personnel to keep lines of communication open during the study. Recruitment and retention strategies at the child and parent level included allowing adequate time for questions during consent and assent and providing a free nutrition and exercise program, a light meal, homework assistance, child care for other children who came to the program, and transportation vouchers if needed. Successful recruitment and retention strategies at the district and school levels and child and parent levels are important for conducting longitudinal community‐based studies.
Aging and ESRD Demographics: Consequences for the Practice of Dialysis
Authors: Williams Mark E. , Sandeep Jeena , Catic Angela 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe disproportionate increase in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) in the elderly is now recognized as a national and global reality. Among the major contributing factors are the aging of the population, a growing prevalence of CKD, greater access to care, and increased comorbidities. The utilization of renal replacement therapy in the geriatric population has concomitantly increased. It is imposing enormous challenges to the practice of ESRD care, the largest of which may be to determine the best application of clinical performance targets to a population with limitations in life expectancy. Concurrently, increased focus on quality of life will be required. The effective dialysis practitioner will need to adapt to the aging ESRD demographics with an increased focus on physical and mental well‐being of the geriatric patient.
Geodynamic implications derived from Numidian‐like distal turbidites deposited along the Internal–External Domain Boundary of the Betic Cordillera (S Spain)
Authors: Alcalá Francisco J. , Guerrera Francesco , Martín‐Martín Manuel , Raffaelli Giuliana , Serrano Francisco 
Published: October 2012

Terra Nova, 00, 1–12, 2012AbstractNew data reveal Early Burdigalian ‘Numidian‐like lithofacies’ in successions of the internal (southernmost) part of the South Iberian Margin (SIM) and the south‐western margin of the Mesomediterranean Microplate (MM). The well‐known Numidian Formation was deposited in the external (Massylian) sub‐domain of the Maghrebian Flysch Basin (a south‐western branch of the Tethys Ocean). The anomalous occurrence of ‘Numidian‐like lithofacies’ is induced by the particular Early Miocene palaeogeographical and geodynamic complexity of the sector. This consisted of a ‘triple point’ with a dextral transform fault between the SIM and the MM‐Maghrebian Flysch Basin system. In this framework, the ageing of Iberian reliefs and the MM collapse, coupled with an African Margin upbulging, and a shortening of the Maghrebian Flysch Basin (both related to the subduction), could have resulted in the arrival of the Numidian depositional system from so far away.
Impaired sterol ester synthesis alters the response of Arabidopsis thaliana to Phytophthora infestans
Authors: Kopischke Michaela , Westphal Lore , Schneeberger Korbinian , Clark Richard , Ossowski Stephan , Wewer Vera , Fuchs René , Landtag Jörn , Hause Gerd , Dörmann Peter , Lipka Volker , Weigel Detlef , Schulze‐Lefert Paul , Scheel Dierk , Rosahl Sabine 
Published: October 2012

SummaryNon‐host resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana against Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight disease of potato, depends on efficient extracellular pre‐ and post‐invasive resistance responses. Pre‐invasive resistance against P. infestans requires the myrosinase PEN2. To identify additional genes involved in non‐host resistance to P. infestans, a genetic screen was performed by re‐mutagenesis of pen2 plants. Fourteen independent mutants were isolated that displayed an enhanced response to Phytophthora (erp) phenotype. Upon inoculation with P. infestans, two mutants, pen2‐1 erp1‐3 and pen2‐1 erp1‐4, showed an enhanced rate of mesophyll cell death and produced excessive callose deposits in the mesophyll cell layer. ERP1 encodes a phospholipid:sterol acyltransferase (PSAT1) that catalyzes the formation of sterol esters. Consistent with this, the tested T‐DNA insertion lines of PSAT1 are phenocopies of erp1 plants. Sterol ester levels are highly reduced in all erp1/psat1 mutants, whereas sterol glycoside levels are increased twofold. Excessive callose deposition occurred independently of PMR4/GSL5 activity, a known pathogen‐inducible callose synthase. A similar formation of aberrant callose deposits was triggered by the inoculation of erp1 psat1 plants with powdery mildew. These results suggest a role for sterol conjugates in cell non‐autonomous defense responses against invasive filamentous pathogens.
Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Aquaculture: Findings of a Globally Administered Survey of Aquaculture‐Allied Professionals
Authors: Tuševljak N. , Dutil L. , Rajić A. , Uhland F. C. , McClure C. , St‐Hilaire S. , Reid‐Smith R. J. , McEwen S. A. 
Published: October 2012

SummaryThere is limited published information regarding antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in aquaculture. Our objective was to determine the opinions of aquaculture‐allied professionals around the world on the frequency of AMU and AMR in common aquatic species. The study questionnaire included five sections: respondent demographics, extent of AMU in aquaculture, frequency of observations of AMR in aquaculture, AMR monitoring and surveillance and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in various jurisdictions. It was administered in English and Spanish to 604 professionals in 25 countries and with varying expertise in aquaculture. The response rate was 33% (199/604). Over half of the participants had >10 years of experience in aquaculture: 70% (140/199) were involved in fish health/clinical work and their primary experience was with salmon, tilapia, trout, shrimp (including prawn) and/or catfish. Tetracycline use was reported by 28%, 46%, 18%, 37% and 9% of respondents working with catfish, salmon, tilapia, trout and shrimp, respectively. Resistance to tetracycline in one or more species of bacteria was reported as ‘frequent‐to‐almost always’ for the same aquaculture species by 39%, 28%, 17%, 52% and 36% of respondents, respectively. ‘Frequent‐to‐almost always’ use of quinolone was reported by 70% (32/46) and 67% (8/12) of respondents from the United States and Canada, respectively, where quinolone products are not approved for aquaculture, and extra‐label fluoroquinolone use is either prohibited (United States) or discouraged (Canada). Similar frequencies of quinolone use were also reported by the majority of respondents from Europe [70% (7/10)] and Asia [90% (9/10)] where labelled indications exist. This baseline information can be used to prioritize research or surveillance for AMU and AMR in aquaculture.