bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Intestinal Lymphoma
Authors: Mastalier B. , Deaconescu Violeta , Drăghici W. Elaiahc , Popp Cristiana , Zurac Sabina , Balea M. , Tevet Mihaela , Botezatu C. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Gastrointestinal tract is the most common location for extralymphonodular lymphomas. The small intestine is affected only in 9% of the cases. Intestinal lymphoma may have single or multiple location. This paper describes a case of multiple location in the small intestine of a non-Hodgkin B-cell in a 53 years old patient, who was initially diagnosed with bilateral pneumonia with pleurisy with E. coli, steeper on the right side, but the persistence of symptoms as fever, malaise, despite appropriate treatment, required further investigation. The CT exam observed fluid collection in the hypogastrium around a digestive loop. The patient underwent surgery, the intraoperative foundings being: a large mesenteric tumor ~ 5 cm in diameter, a terminal ileal mesenteric tumor, a mesenteric tumor ~ 6 cm in diameter, omentum with nodular formations, a tumor ~ 3.3/2.5.1 cm in the abdominal wall, pseudotumoral appendix. Segmental enterectomy with entero-enterostomy, excision of mesenteric tumors, appendectomy and omentectomy were performed. Pathological diagnosis was non-Hodgkin marginal zone B-cell MALT type lymphoma of the small intestine with extension to the appendix, meso, omentum and abdominal wall. Postoperatively, the patient received chemotherapy for remission.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in a Railroad Controller Worker
Authors: Rascu Agripina , Moise Laura , Naghi Eugenia , Rascu Alexandra , Lacatusu Lavinia 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) constitutes a healthcare issue of major importance at international level with a prevalence of 5% in the active population. Consequentially to the induced co-morbidities, the mortality reaches as high as 39% at eight years time lapse from the initial diagnostic. Seldom undiagnosed, the severity spectrum of SAS, in the absence of therapy, only continues to amplify.
Here below, we are presenting the case of a 49 years old patient, railroad controller worker, non-smoker and occasionally alcohol user, who was hospitalized in our Clinic for Occupational Medicine. During last year, the patient was accusing excessive daytime somnolence, breath arrests during sleep, intense snoring, morning headaches, morning oral dryness, pin point chest pain, nocturia (4-5 nocturnal urination), concentration difficulties and an overall reduced work capacity. The presumptive diagnostic of Obstructive Sleep Apnea is being considered based on the correlation between the clinical presentation and the Epworth, Stanford and Berlin questionnaire results. The key diagnostic element was the polygraph recording over an 8 hours sleep period. Positive Diagnosis: Obstructive Sleep Apnea severe form. Management and recommendations: (1) Behavioral therapy (weight loss) and (2) CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) therapy which was instituted immediately after the positive diagnosis was made. As a consequence, the respiratory symptoms, the frequent episodes of daytime snoozing and the concentration difficulties at work place diminished considerably.
Sociotechnical interaction at work: an ethnographic study of the Wikipedia community
Authors: Yam Shing-Chung Jonathan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWith much of Wikipedia’s research centering on the encyclopedia’s articles, less is known about the way its editors confront issues through computer-mediated talk pages. I present a novel attempt to investigate the diversity of discursive, sociotechnical interactions in the community with a data-driven online ethnography. I detail three issues: (i) how human editors collaborate with bots; (ii) what kinds of sociotechnical interaction are used in the discussion of article development; and (iii) how these interactions sustain the project. Notable differences emerge as to how human editors interact with other humans and bots during both article construction and personal interactions. With eight dimensions of interaction in cooperative knowledge generation identified, I proceed with a discussion of Wikipedia’s sociotechnical authorship, hierarchical order, and protocological operations.
Validez de Constructo y Confiabilidad del Cuestionario de Creencias Epistemológicas sobre la Matemática en Alumnos de Secundaria Básica
Authors: Vizcaino Escobar Annia Esther , Manzano Mier Mayra , Casas Cardoso Gladis 
Published: October 2015

<p>Este estudio desarrolló la validación de constructo del Cuestionario de Creencias Epistemológicas sobre la Matemática, versión traducida y adaptada del instrumento de Walker (2007). Participaron 2023 alumnos de secundaria básica de la región central de Cuba. El 51.2 % pertenecía al sexo femenino y el 48.7 % al masculino. Se confirmó un modelo de creencias sobre la matemática de cuatro dimensiones relacionadas, que siguen un desarrollo asincrónico y valores aceptables de fiabilidad. Los índices de bondad de ajuste del modelo encontrados (GFI=.97; CFI=.94; RMSEA=.03) demostraron la validez del cuestionario para medir con 18 ítems las creencias epistemológicas sobre la matemática.</p>
La Creencia en un Mundo Justo como Trasfondo Ideológico de la Representación Social de la Justicia
Authors: Barreiro Alicia , Castorina José Antonio 
Published: October 2015

<p>El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las relaciones entre representaciones sociales e ideología, mediante el estudio de las relaciones entre la creencia ideológica en un mundo justo (CMJ) y la representación social de la justicia. Se administró la técnica de asociación de palabras y la escala Global de CMJ a 404 estudiantes universitarios argentinos. El núcleo central de la representación social expresa un sentido retributivo, aunque se identificaron diferencias en sus elementos periféricos. Los individuos con CMJ baja y media consideran la justicia como una institución social con errores en su funcionamiento, mientras que los individuos con alta CMJ la piensan por fuera de la sociedad, sin calificarla</p>
El valor de las imágenes odontológicas en docencia y promoción de la salud oral
Authors: Hernández-Chavarría Francisco , Hernández Rivera Patricia 
Published: October 2015

<p>En el contexto de la gran diversidad de la microflora oral, con más de 600 especies, se resalta el valor pedagógico de las micrografías electrónicas de placa alba y las imágenes de cultivos bacterianos, realizados en modelos dentales hechos con medios de cultivo, que muestran colonias bacterianas en los sitios anatómicos de los dientes colonizados más abundantemente. Este tipo de imágenes facilita la comprensión de la magnitud del microbioma oral, a estudiantes de carreras biomédicas, especialmente odontología y al público en general, por lo que el uso de estas imágenes pueden ser utilizadas en docencia como en campañas de salud oral. </p>
Estabilidad de la mortalidad por cáncer de tiroides en un país emergente
Authors: López Daza David , Castro Jímenez Miguel 
Published: October 2015

<p><strong>Objetivo</strong> Establecer características y tendencia de la mortalidad por cáncer de tiroides en Colombia.</p><p><strong>Materiales y Métodos</strong> Estudio de la mortalidad por cáncer de tiroides empleando las bases oficiales nacionales de muertes en Colombia (1998-2010). Se analizaron año de defunción, sexo, edad y departamento de residencia. Se utilizaron proporciones, media aritmética y mediana. El valor de <em>p</em> límite para significación estadística fue 0,05. Se calcularon tasas crudas, específicas y ajustadas por edad.</p><p><strong>Resultados</strong> En total, 2 570 personas, 1 827 (71,1 %) muertes ocurrieron en mujeres. Las edades medianas a la muerte fueron de 68 años en hombres y de 70 años en mujeres. La tasa anual media de mortalidad por cáncer de tiroides ajustada (2006-2010) fue de 0,52 muertes por 100 000 personas (ambos sexos), 0,32 muertes por 100 000 hombres y 0,70 por 100 000 mujeres.</p><p><strong>Conclusiones</strong> Deben realizarse estudios que muestren posibles factores asociados a muerte a más temprana edad en mujeres colombianas.</p><p> </p>
Hierbas medicinales utilizadas en la atención de enfermedades del sistema digestivo en la ciudad de Taxco, Guerrero, México
Authors: Flores Adrián Urióstegui 
Published: October 2015

<p><strong>Objetivo</strong> En el presente trabajo se muestra, a. El uso empírico; b. Las propiedades comprobadas de manera científica, y; c. Las dosis de las principales hierbas medicinales que son empleadas en la atención enfermedades del sistema digestivo (y/o sus signos y síntomas) en la ciudad de Taxco, Guerrero, México.</p><p><strong>Métodos</strong> El estudio fue cualitativo. Se tomaron en cuenta planteamientos respecto al muestreo en investigación cualitativa. Lo anterior específicamente en lo referente a muestras homogéneas. Se entrevistó a seis médicos tradicionales reconocidos y que tenían conocimiento profundo sobre la temática. Se diseñó y aplicó un cuestionario de entrevista (de preguntas abiertas). El cuestionario incluyó interrogantes relacionadas con las características de las principales hierbas, las enfermedades del sistema digestivo más comunes que se atienden, así como las dosis y partes usadas.</p><p><strong>Resultados</strong> Los principales hallazgos reflejan aproximadamente 20 plantas que se disponen para sanar dichas afecciones, asimismo, se explican sus usos empíricos, y las propiedades curativas comprobadas científicamente.</p><p><strong>Conclusiones</strong> Las plantas medicinales continúan formando parte de una compleja estructura médica local; cuyos conocimientos, técnicas terapéuticas y tratamientos especializados se encuentran actualmente vigentes. </p>
Analysis and Replication of Jianyang Tea Bowls from Song Dynasty China
Authors: Morehead James D. , Vandiver Pamela B. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTBlack-glazed tea bowls from the Jian area of Fujian province, China, were analyzed to understand the physical basis of their visual appearance and the special glaze effects of nucleation, crystal growth, control of glaze flow, and hare’s fur and spotted patterns that have frustrated modern and ancient factories that are unable to produce acceptable replicas. The black-glazed Jian bowls are divided into two distinct groups called “Hare’s Fur” and “Oil Spot”. Black glazes and bodies from the Jian kilns are rich in iron and calcium oxides, made from a plentiful local refractory dark red clay, and fired in hill-climbing dragon kilns. Twenty-six sherds were analyzed from the collection made by James Plumer at the kiln site in 1935 [1]. Analyses were conducted using optical microscopy, Xeroradiography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) and electron microprobe analysis (WDS), and petrographic thin section analysis to reverse engineer some of the microstructure, composition and thermal history of Jian ware.
Customization of mechanical properties and porosity of bone tissue scaffold materials via Layer-by-Layer assembly of polymer-nanocomposite coatings
Authors: Ziminska M. , Dunne N. , Hamilton A. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe aim of this preliminary study was to adapt Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly to fabricate nanocomposite coatings onto open-cell porous structures, enabling customization of mechanical properties and porosity to obtain materials suitable for bone tissue scaffold applications. LbL assembly is a well-established method for fabricating multilayer films with nanometre scale precision over thickness that is based on electrostatic attractions and involves the adsorption of oppositely charged electrolytes onto a substrate. Using LbL assembly, polymer-nanoclay composite coatings were deposited onto open-cell foam substrates. The elastic modulus of coated specimens in compression was improved from 0.078 MPa to 1.736 MPa. The results suggest that polymer-nanoclay coatings deposited via LbL assembly have the potential to improve mechanical properties of porous substrates and fabricate materials with mechanical properties comparable to that of a cancellous bone tissue upon deposition of a sufficient number of multilayers.
Creating Metal Nanoparticle-Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheets by a Simple Desktop Method
Authors: Isseroff Rebecca , Chen Arthur , Blackburn Lee , Lish Justin , Kim Jessica , Chen Andrew , Kim Tae Jin , Gentleman Molly , Rafailovich Miriam 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTWe have previously reported on a simple desktop method for producing high quality reduced graphene oxide sheets (RGO) which involved dispersing graphene oxide in an ethanol-water solvent and reducing it with sodium borohydride. Metal salts can also be potent reducing agents. Here we show that when these salts are incorporated into the reduction process, metalized graphene sheets can be formed. Metallic salts were used to form Au, Pt, and AuPt nanoplatelets incorporated into the graphene structure. The nature of these metalized graphene platelets was then examined using FTIR, TEM, and SEM/EDAX. Raman spectroscopy of metalized graphene samples show peak shifts and increased D/G ratios over pure graphene, indicating an increased number of defects in the material and suggesting an attachment of metal atoms to the graphene surface. By using a minimum of metal while maximizing the surface contact area of the graphene sheet, these nanoparticle-RGO composites have potential for use in energy-producing devices and/or as catalysts.
A National Survey to Systematically Identify Factors Associated With Oncologists’ Attitudes Toward End-of-Life Discussions: What Determines Timing of End-of-Life Discussions?
Authors: Mori Masanori , Shimizu Chikako , Ogawa Asao , Okusaka Takuji , Yoshida Saran , Morita Tatsuya 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background.
End-of-life discussions (EOLds) occur infrequently until cancer patients become terminally ill.

Methods.
To identify factors associated with the timing of EOLds, we conducted a nationwide survey of 864 medical oncologists. We surveyed the timing of EOLds held with advanced cancer patients regarding prognosis, hospice, site of death, and do-not-resuscitate (DNR) status; and we surveyed physicians’ experience of EOLds, perceptions of a good death, and beliefs regarding these issues. Multivariate analyses identified determinants of early discussions.

Results.
Among 490 physicians (response rate: 57%), 165 (34%), 65 (14%), 47 (9.8%), and 20 (4.2%) would discuss prognosis, hospice, site of death, and DNR status, respectively, “now” (i.e., at diagnosis) with a hypothetical patient with newly diagnosed metastatic cancer. In multivariate analyses, determinants of discussing prognosis “now” included the physician perceiving greater importance of autonomy in experiencing a good death (odds ratio [OR]: 1.34; p = .014), less perceived difficulty estimating the prognosis (OR: 0.77; p = .012), and being a hematologist (OR: 1.68; p = .016). Determinants of discussing hospice “now” included the physician perceiving greater importance of life completion in experiencing a good death (OR: 1.58; p = .018), less discomfort talking about death (OR: 0.67; p = .002), and no responsibility as treating physician at end of life (OR: 1.94; p = .031). Determinants of discussing site of death “now” included the physician perceiving greater importance of life completion in experiencing a good death (OR: 1.83; p = .008) and less discomfort talking about death (OR: 0.74; p = .034). The determinant of discussing DNR status “now” was less discomfort talking about death (OR: 0.49; p = .003).

Conclusion.
Reflection by oncologists on their own values regarding a good death, knowledge about validated prognostic measures, and learning skills to manage discomfort talking about death is helpful for oncologists to perform appropriate EOLds.

Implications for Practice:
Oncologists’ own perceptions about what is important for a “good death,” perceived difficulty in estimating the prognosis, and discomfort in talking about death influence their attitudes toward end-of-life discussions. Reflection on their own values regarding a good death, knowledge about validated prognostic measures, and learning skills to manage discomfort talking about death are important for improving oncologists’ skills in facilitating end-of-life discussions.
Sorafenib With and Without Transarterial Chemoembolization for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Main Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yingqiang , Fan Wenzhe , Wang Yu , Lu Ligong , Fu Sirui , Yang Jianyong , Huang Yonghui , Yao Wang , Li Jiaping 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background.
The survival benefit of combining sorafenib and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) therapy compared with sorafenib monotherapy for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and main portal vein tumor thrombosis (MPVTT) is unclear.

Methods.
Between January 2009 and June 2013, 183 consecutive patients with advanced HCC (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C) and MPVTT were retrospectively reviewed. Of these, 89 patients with advanced HCC and MPVTT were enrolled in this study: 45 were treated with combination therapy (sorafenib-TACE group), and the other 44 treated with sorafenib monotherapy (sorafenib group).

Results.
The mean number of TACE sessions per patient was 2.6 (range: 1–5). The median duration of sorafenib in the sorafenib-TACE group and sorafenib group was 5.6 months and 5.4 months, respectively. The disease control rate was similar between the two groups. Median time to progression was 3.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.2, 3.7) in the sorafenib-TACE group, and 3.0 months (95% CI: 2.1, 3.8) in the sorafenib group (p = .924). Median overall survival was 7.0 months (95% CI: 6.1, 7.8) and 6.0 months (95% CI: 4.7, 7.3) in the sorafenib-TACE group and the sorafenib group, respectively (p = .544). The adverse events related to sorafenib were comparable between the two groups. Twenty-one adverse events of grade 3–4 related to TACE occurred in 12 patients (26.7%), and 2 of them died (4.4%).

Conclusion.
This study demonstrated no advantage of combination therapy over sorafenib monotherapy. Considering the patients’ morbidity after TACE, sorafenib monotherapy is appropriate for managing patients with advanced HCC and MPVTT.
Prognostic Importance of Pretransplant Functional Capacity After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Jones Lee W. , Devlin Sean M. , Maloy Molly A. , Wood William A. , Tuohy Sharlynn , Espiritu Noel , Aquino Jennifer , Kendig Tiffany , Michalski Meghan G. , Gyurkocza Boglarka , Schaffer Wendy L. , Ali Benzar , Giralt Sergio , Jakubowski Ann A. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic importance of functional capacity in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for hematological malignancies.

Patients and Methods.
Using a retrospective design, 407 patients completed a 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) test to assess functional capacity before HCT; 193 (47%) completed a 6MWD test after hospital discharge. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the risk of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) and overall survival (OS) according to the 6MWD category (&lt;400 m vs. ≥400 m) and the change in 6MWD (before HCT to discharge) with or without adjustment for Karnofsky performance status (KPS), age, and other prognostic markers.

Results.
Compared with &lt;400 m, the unadjusted hazard ratio for NRM was 0.65 (95% confidence interval, 0.44–0.96) for a 6MWD ≥400 m. A 6MWD of ≥400 m provided incremental information on the prediction of NRM with adjustment for age (p = .032) but not KPS alone (p = .062) or adjustment for other prognostic markers (p = .099). A significant association was found between the 6MWD and OS (p = .027). A 6MWD of ≥400 m provided incremental information on the prediction of OS with adjustment for age (p = .032) but not for other prognostic markers (p &gt; .05 for all). Patients presenting with a pre-HCT 6MWD of &lt;400 m and experiencing a decline in 6MWD had the highest risk of NRM.

Conclusion.
The 6MWD is a significant univariate predictor of clinical outcomes but did not provide prognostic information beyond that of traditional prognostic markers in HCT.

Implications for Practice:
The pretransplant 6-minute walk test is a significant univariate predictor of clinical outcomes in hematological patients beyond age but not beyond that of performance status. On this basis, 6-minute walk distance testing should not be considered part of the standard battery of assessments for risk stratification before hematopoietic cell transplantation.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval Summary: Ramucirumab for the Treatment of Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Following Disease Progression On or After Platinum-Based Chemotherapy
Authors: Larkins Erin , Scepura Barbara , Blumenthal Gideon M. , Bloomquist Erik , Tang Shenghui , Biable Missiratch , Kluetz Paul , Keegan Patricia , Pazdur Richard 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

On December 12, 2014, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ramucirumab for use in combination with docetaxel for the treatment of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with disease progression on or after platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor or anaplastic lymphoma kinase genomic tumor aberrations should have disease progression on FDA-approved therapy for these aberrations prior to receiving ramucirumab. This approval was based on an improvement in overall survival (OS) with an acceptable toxicity profile in a randomized, multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of 1,253 patients with metastatic NSCLC previously treated with a platinum-based combination therapy. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either ramucirumab in combination with docetaxel or placebo in combination with docetaxel. The primary endpoint was OS. Patients who received ramucirumab in combination with docetaxel had improved OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75, 0.98). Median OS was 10.5 months on the ramucirumab plus docetaxel arm versus 9.1 months on the placebo plus docetaxel arm. The most frequent (≥30%) adverse reactions in ramucirumab-treated patients were fatigue, neutropenia, and diarrhea. The most frequent (≥5%) grade 3 and 4 adverse reactions in the ramucirumab arm were fatigue, neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, leukopenia, and hypertension.

Implications for Practice:
This report presents key information on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of ramucirumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, given in combination with docetaxel for the treatment of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer whose disease has progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy. This report specifically addresses the issues of safety in patients with squamous cell tumors, effect of treatment in elderly patients, and uncertainties regarding effects in patients with tumors harboring epidermal growth factor receptor or anaplastic lymphoma kinase genomic tumor aberrations.