bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy: aspects of pathogenesis and clinic
Authors: Klemenov A. V. 
Published: June 2024

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is the most common form of myocardial damage caused by ethanol. Ethanol and its main active metabolite acetaldehyde have a direct toxic effect on the myocardium. The mechanisms of the cardiotoxic effect of ethanol are diverse and include membranotropic action, damage to cellular organelles, activation of lipid peroxidation, and a number of others. Dissolving in the lipids of biological membranes, ethanol changes their physico-chemical properties, disrupts the activity of membrane receptors, eventually disconnecting the connection of excitation with the contraction of cardiomyocytes. Particular importance in the pathogenesis of alcoholic cardiomyopathy is attached to the ability of ethanol to cause structural and functional changes in mitochondria, which is directly related to the violation of oxidative processes and energy supply of the myocardium as a whole. Under the influence of alcohol, free-radical lipid oxidation products content increases and antioxidants activity decreases, which indicates oxidative stress development. The deterioration of myocardial contractility due to chronic alcohol intoxication triggers a cascade of compensatory mechanisms in the form of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and progressive fibrosis, while adaptive reactions become a factor in further pathological changes. Ethanol causes myocardial damage in a dose-dependent manner.The probability of alcoholic cardiomyopathy occurrence is a derivative of the total accumulated dose of alcohol and individual predisposition. Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is considered as a variant of secondary dilated cardiomyopathy with all its clinical manifestations and consequences: dilation of the heart chambers, low left ventricular ejection fraction, progressive circulatory insufficiency, and cardiac arrhythmias. A relatively favorable prognosis in alcoholic cardiomyopathy is provided due to partial reversibility of myocardial damage under the condition of abstinence from alcohol consumption. Specific drugs for the treatment of alcoholic cardiomyopathy have not been developed. New treatment strategies include the use of myocardial growth and regulation factors synthesized by cardiomyocytes, as well as the stimulation of heart muscle regeneration and repair processes.
Hemostasis parameters in patients with arterial hypertension, multifocal atherosclerosis and risk factors
Authors: Vedenskaya S. S. , Smolenskaya O. G. , Grachev V. G. , Klyachina E. S. , Kupriyanova I. N. , Vedensky V. A. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. To determine the features of hemostasis system disorders and the possibility of their correction in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and multifocal atherosclerotic lesions (MFA) with risk factors indicated.Materials and methods. The study included 135 patients (mean age 53.7 ± 7.76 years), including 80 patients with controlled AH stage and II (group 1) and 55 patients with controlled AH stage III who had ischemic stroke (group 2). Among all patients studied, 33 patients (24.4 %) were smokers. All 135 patients received comparable antihypertensive, antiplatelettherapy (acetylsalicylic acid at a dose of 100 mg/day), had MFA and target lipid spectrum values.Results. Procoagulant shifts are noted already in patients with AH stage I and II, especially in the presence of smoking. Such indices of global thrombodynamics test as initial clot growth rate, average clot growth rate, clot size significantly exceed the reference values and indicate high prothrombogenic potential in patient with AH and MFA. Prescription of dual antiplatelet therapy allows normalization of identified disorders. Presence of risk factors (smoking) aggravates existing hemostasis disorders in patients with AH and MFA.Conclusion. Smoking cessation, optimization of risk factors and complex antihypertensive, hypolipidemic and antithrombotic therapy are the basis of treatment of patients with AH and MFA and can be considered as priority measures to reduce morbidity and mortality in this patient population.
A comparative study of cord blood lipid profile in term, pre term and small for gestational age - appropriate for gestational age neonates
Authors: Ramanathan  , Raguraman Thivyabharathi 
Published: June 2024

Background: Cord blood lipid profile in neonates helps to screen for neonatal dyslipidaemia which is associated with long term morbidity mainly cardiovascular disease.
Methods: The present study is a observational study done in government medical college, Chidambaram for a period of 2 years from October-2020 till September-2022 with 222 term and pre-term small or appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates using cord blood lipid profile.
Results: In the present study of above mentioned 222 neonates, preterm accounts for 30.1% and term neonates accounts for 69.9%. AGA was 63.1% and SGA was 36.9%. Term AGA was 38.2%, term SGA 31.5%, preterm AGA was 24%, preterm SGA was 5.4%.
Conclusions: Preterm AGA had higher cord lipid profile values compared to the term AGA neonates. Preterm SGA neonates had lower cord lipid profile of HDL, and LDL as compared to preterm AGA neonates. SGA neonates had higher total cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL compared to AGA neonates. SGA neonates had lower LDL and HDL as compared to AGA neonates.
Currículo do Estado de São Paulo: o olhar de professores de Matemática da rede estadual de ensino de um município
Authors: ORTEGA Eliane Maria Vani , Fürkotter Monica , Batista Alex Ribeiro , Rodrigues Ã‰rika Aparecida Navarro 
Published: June 2024

Este texto apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa de delineamento analítico-descritivo cujo objetivo é analisar a prática de ensino e os sentidos a ela atribuídos por professores de Matemática, para caracterizar a lógica reguladora da sua prática no contexto das orientações curriculares. Utilizamos um questionário, respondido por 72 professores de Matemática de 25 escolas da rede estadual de um município paulista. Os resultados são relativos ao olhar dos respondentes sobre: o envolvimento efetivo dos professores com o currículo vigente no período 2008-2018, a contribuição do currículo para a prática docente, a necessidade de continuidade do material utilizado nesse período ou de uma nova proposta e, nesse caso, com quais características. O envolvimento efetivo, ou não, aprsenta restrições à forma que se deu o processo de implantação e implementação e à qualidade do material. Os professores sinalizam a contribuição desse material para a sua prática, e 62,5% deles indicaram que este deveria continuar, mas apontam restrições de diversas ordens. Do total de professores, 86,1% defendem a necessidade de uma nova proposta para ser utilizada nas escolas e indicam que esta deveria ser detalhada quanto aos conteúdos e metodologia, e flexível para se adaptar à realidade dos alunos e professores. Os dados revelam que estamos longe de atingir êxito quanto ao envolvimento efetivo no processo de implantação e implementação curricular, pois ainda que admitam que o material auxilia na prática docente, seria necessário o protagonismo dos professores nos processos de reformas curriculares, conforme aponta a literatura, o que não ocorreu. Consideramos imprescindíveis políticas voltadas para o engajamento dos professores desde o processo de elaboração de reformas curriculares e formação continuada em serviço que possibilite reflexão, discussão e questionamentos críticos. Caso contrário, o que ocorre na prática não sofrerá impactos positivos advindos dos estudos do campo curricular.
Student Directive Speech Acts to Teachers and Peers in Arabic Language Learning
Authors: Syammary Naufal Akmal , Syifaussakinah Syifaussakinah , AlamAlam Fajar Nur Syah , Firmansyah Haris Furkon Hasbi 
Published: June 2024

This qualitative study aims to analyze students' speech acts in Arabic language learning using Miles & Huberman techniques of data analysis. The pragmatic approach based on the theory of speech acts of Bach and Harnish with passive participatory observation data collection techniques (passive participation). The data in this study included the directive speech acts employed passive participatory observation data collection techniques. The data in this study includes directive speech acts used by the students include requestives Speech Act used when asking, encouraging, and inviting, questions used when asking, investigating, and invoking, mandates used when giving orders and instructing, prohibitives used when prohibiting and advisories used when suggesting or asking permission.
The Mali-France Counterterrorism Cooperation: The Influence of Mali’s National Identity Change on Its Foreign Policy Making
Authors: Prasetyo Andi Dwi 
Published: June 2024

Mali telah mengalami ketidakstabilan politik dan keamanan yang menyebabkan konflik terorisme yang parah sejak tahun 2012. Dalam upaya war against terrorism, Mali bekerja sama dengan Prancis untuk meningkatkan stabilitas keamanan dan eradikasi sel-sel teroris. Namun setelah hampir sepuluh tahun, Prancis menarik pasukannya dari Mali akibat tidak kooperatifnya Mali dengan puncaknya pada pemutusan kerja sama keamanan yang ditandatangani tahun 2014. Penelitian ini menelaah terkait pertanyaan mengapa Mali mengambil kebijakan yang berisiko pada kontra produktifnya war against terrorism Mali. Peneliti menganalisis fenomena ini menggunakan konsep source of change dan teori aspirational constructivism. Dengan menggunakan studi pustaka dan analisis data, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh perubahan identitas nasional Mali dari nasionalisme berbasis etno-politis (Mande) menjadi nasionalisme berbasis kolonial melalui uji historisis dan rasional. Identitas ini muncul setelah konstruksi elite berdasarkan aspirasi historisis komunal dari pengalaman kolonialisme yang dilakukan oleh Prancis di wilayah Mali. Berdasarkan fakta tersebut, dapat diketahui bahwa terjadi pergeseran orientasi kerja sama keamanan Mali dari Prancis yang diperkuat oleh bukti berupa penghentian kerja sama keamanan tahun 2014 pada tahun 2022.
Kata-kata Kunci: Identitas; Nasionalisme; Kolonial; Mali; Prancis
Mali has experienced political and security instability which has led to a severe terrorist conflict since 2012. In an effort to war against terrorism, Mali has collaborated with France to increase security stability and eradicate terrorist cells. However, after nearly ten years, France withdrew its troops from Mali as a result of Mali's non-cooperation, with the culmination of the termination of the security cooperation signed in 2014. This research examines why Mali has pursued a risky policy that proves counterproductive in its war against terrorism. The author uses the concept of the source of change and the theory of aspirational constructivism. By using literature study and data analysis employing historicist and rational tests, the author concludes that there is an influence of Mali's national identity changes from ethno-political nationalism (Mande) to colonial-based nationalism. This identity arose after the construction of the elite based on the communal historicist aspirations of the colonialism experience which carried out by the French in Mali. Based on this fact, we can see there has been a shift in the orientation of Mali's security cooperation away from France, evidenced by the termination of 2014 security cooperation in 2022.
Keywords: Identity; Nationalism; Colonial; Mali; France
Tracking Detectors in Nuclear Physics: An Overview
Authors: Vesić Jelena 
Published: June 2024

Advances in accelerator technology have enabled the use of exotic and intense radioactive ion beams. Enhancements to tracking detectors are necessary to accommodate increased particle rates. Recent advancements in digital electronics have led to the construction or planning of next-generation detectors. To conduct kinematically complete measurements, it is essential to track and detect all particles produced as a result of the reaction. Furthermore, the need for high-precision physics experiments has led to significant developments in the detector field. In recent years, highly efficient and highly granular tracking detectors have been developed. These detectors significantly enhance the physics programme at dedicated facilities. An overview of the charged-particle tracking detectors in low-energy nuclear physics will be given.
Improved Smart Memory Design Structure and Processor Framework for Embedded System
Authors: S Maheshwaran , R Prabakaran , R Kanimozhi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Digital cameras, sensor technologies and diagnostic imaging technologies are recent additions to the ever-growing list of embedded systems applications. A substantial number of activities in current multiprocessor embedded devices are executed on common processors, and associated complicated connections are handled through shared communication networks. Non-volatile, solid-state reliable, inexpensive and high-density NAND flash memory has quickly become an essential component in embedded systems. Embedded systems designers face a formidable obstacle in the design limits imposed by embedded systems, compounded by the rising need to reduce costs and time-to-market. Hence this paper, Effective Programmable Model (EPM) with NAND flash memory has been proposed for compute-intensive embedded applications. To keep delivery costs down, the processor design uses instruction registers, while a hierarchical and decentralized data register structure is used to transport data. Instruction registers record the reuse and localization of instructions in low-cost, close-to-functional-units storage structures. A method for reducing hold power dissipation is provided by the SRAM architecture that has been presented in this paper. Using NAND storage for the code's execution space proved that our suggested architecture would work in a practical embedded setting. These structural modifications allow for better improvement in energy efficiency over previously possible embedded processors. Our proposed method achieves a high-performance ratio of 98.7%, a less throughput ratio of 16.4% and an error rate of 18.3% compared to other methods.
Hydrothermal activity generated by impact melt emplacement on the rim of Ritchey crater, Mars
Authors: Zeng Lingqi , Horgan Briony 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Impact-induced hydrothermal systems have the potential to support long-lived aqueous environments throughout the history of Mars, but their nature and distribution are not well-understood. We reported impact-induced alteration within a well-preserved impactite stratigraphy across the inner rim of Ritchey crater. The impactite stratigraphy is characterized by a smooth and uniform sheet unit overlying fragmented breccia, consistent with emplacement of impact melt rocks on ballistic ejecta deposits, as observed in the typical double layer impactites of complex craters on Earth. CRISM hyperspectral data revealed a series of alteration minerals including serpentine, chlorite, Mg carbonate in fractured bedrock, veins, and fragmented breccia in erosional windows underneath the unaltered sheet unit. These alteration minerals neither correlate with post-impact fluvio-lacustrine facies, nor with the pre-impact target bedrock. Instead, the formation of these alteration minerals is most plausibly triggered by the emplacement of hot impact melt, facilitating percolation of groundwater reacting with the extensively fractured and permeable bedrocks at the crater rims. The ubiquitous distribution of the alteration minerals on the inner rim indicates habitable environments triggered by impact cratering and potential preservation of biosignatures in the precipitated minerals.
Expandable hESC-derived cardiovascular progenitor cells generate functional cardiovascular lineage cells for cardiac microtissue construction
Authors: Rezaeiani Siamak , Rezaee Malihe , Shafaghi Mojtaba , Karami Mohammad , Hamidi Roghayeh , Khodayari Hamid , Vahdat Sadaf , Pahlavan Sara , Baharvand Hossein 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular progenitor cells (CPCs) derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are considered valuable cell sources for investigating cardiovascular physiology in vitro. Meeting the diverse needs of this application requires the large-scale production of CPCs in an in vitroenvironment. This study aimed to use an effective culture system utilizing signaling factors for the large-scale expansion of hESC-derived CPCs with the potential to differentiate into functional cardiac lineage cells.
Methods & Results: Initially, CPCs were generated from hESCs using a 4-day differentiation protocol with a combination of four small molecules (CHIR99021, IWP2, SB-431542, and purmorphamine). These CPCs were then expanded and maintained in a medium containing three factors (bFGF, CHIR, and A83-01), resulting in a > 6,000-fold increase after 8 passages. These CPCs were successfully cryopreserved for an extended period in late passages. The expanded CPCs maintained their gene and protein expression signatures as well as their differentiation capacity through eight passages. Additionally, these CPCs could differentiate into four types of cardiac lineage cells: cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts, demonstrating appropriate functionality. Furthermore, the coculture of these CPC-derived cardiovascular lineage cells in rat tail collagen resulted in cardiac microtissue formation, highlighting the potential of this 3D platform for studying cardiovascular physiology in vitro.
Conclusion: In conclusion, expandable hESC-derived CPCs demonstrated the ability to self-renewal and differentiation into functional cardiovascular lineage cells consistently across passages, which may apply as potential cell sources for in vitro cardiovascular studies.
The Effect of Chronic Microplastic Exposure Towards the Growth, Biochemical Responses and Histological Changes of the Juvenile Sea Cucumber Holothuria Scabra
Authors: Shukhairi Sarah Syazwani , Mazlan Nurzafirah , Rahman Nur Nashrah Abd , Nazahuddin Muhammad Nor Afdall , Shawel Amir Syazwan , Kumar Vijay Subbiah 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Microplastics (MPs), are minuscule plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in size, originating from the degradation of larger plastic debris. They are found in various sources and posing a significant threat to marine ecosystems. Sea cucumber Holothuria scabra is a high value commercial species of sea cucumber. They are also crucial in maintaining a clean seabed and recycling nutrients in the ocean ecosystem. This research aimed to investigate the toxicity effects of microplastics on the well-being of juvenile sea cucumber H. scabra. Over 60 days treatment period, polymethylmethacrylate MPs were exposed to the juvenile sea cucumber diet at concentrations of 0.6 MPs/g, 1.2 MPs/g and 10 MPs/g to observe changes in their growth, biochemical responses, and histological alteration. The mean weight, weight gain percentage and specific growth rate exhibited significant differences (p < 0.05) with the control group displaying the highest SGR value of 1.22 ± 0.35%. Mortality was observed in treatment 2 and 3, respectively. Notably, a disruption in enzyme assays was also observed (p < 0.05). The findings of growth rates and biochemical responses were further supported by histological observation, uncovering injuries and loss of cellular components in respiratory trees and intestines. This study enhance our understanding of the toxicity mechanism associated with MPs in filter-feeding organisms.
Gait spatiotemporal alterations in schoolchildren with overweight or obesity: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Arcos José Luis Alaniz , Tinoco José Omar Larios , Cornejo Ma Elena Ortiz , Castellanos Xochiquetzalli Tejeda , González Horacio Márques , López María Lourdes Martín , Carrión Salvador Villalpando , Gutiérrez-Camacho Claudia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Alterations in spatiotemporal parameters during walking modify and limit movement capacity in children with obesity. The objective of this study was to describe and compare the alterations in spatiotemporal parameters in schoolchildren according to body weight during all phases of walking.
Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study of 95 schoolchildren aged 6 to 12 years and divided them into three study groups (normal weight, overweight, and obesity). Subsequently, we performed a gait study using a 3D motion analysis system and extracted the spatiotemporal parameters. We compared the spatiotemporal parameters between the study groups and with the parameters provided by the 3D system.
Results: Step length (m) and speed (m/s) were lower in the obesity group compared to the normal weight and overweight groups, p=>0.05. Stride length was different between the overweight and obese groups and the swing speed in the right pelvic limb, was p=<0.05. A moderate positive correlation was found between the width of the step and the weight gain of the schoolchildren r=0.414 (p<0.000) and a poor correlation between the length of the right stride (m), the swing speed in the lateral stride left stride length (m/s) and left stride length (m), r=0.227 (p=0.027), r= -0.218 (p=0.034) and r=0.180 respectively, (p=0.081). Most of the spatiotemporal parameter values ​​in the three groups were different compared to the stereophotogrammetry reference values.
Conclusions: Stride length and width of the step are the most spatiotemporal parameters altered alterations with body mass increase, however, longitudinal studies are required to corroborate it.
The interplay of mineral dust with radiation: analysis of the giant dust intrusion in the Atlantic Ocean on June 2020
Authors: Grasso Fabio Massimo , Rizza Umberto , Morichetti Mauro , Avolio Elenio , Tiesi Alessandro , De Tomasi Ferdinando 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this work we analysed the radiative effects caused by a giant dust storm that transported desert dust from the western Sahara to the Caribbean regions in June 2020. For the reporting of this dust plume, we considered a multi-platform set of remote sensing data, from the sensors VIIRS, MODIS and SEVIRI that are onboard the NOAA-20, Aqua and Meteosat spacecrafts respectively. The analysis of aerosol-radiation effect is established by considering a regional simulation with the WRF-Chem model utilising the coupling between the aerosols of the GOCART speciation, and the radiative modules defined in WRF-Chem by the “New Goddard Shortwave and Longwave Schemes”. The dust radiative forcing (DRF) function provides a surface average cooling with maximum values around − 50 Wm− 2 that may be attributed to a reduction of SW radiation absorbed and scattered by dust particles. This study support the use of fully-coupled modelling approach, between aerosols and meteorology, in the context of regional-scale and in climate risk assessments
Antimicrobial activity of amino-modified cellulose nanofibrils decorated with silver nanoparticles
Authors: Lazic Vesna , Nedeljković Jovan M. , Kokol Vanja 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) conjugated with amino-functionalized cellulose nanofibrils (NH2 − CNFs) were in situ prepared by reducing silver ions with free amino groups from NH2 − CNFs. The spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy measurements confirmed the presence of non-agglomerated nanometer-in-size Ag NPs within micrometer-large NH2 − CNFs of high (20 wt.-%) content. Although the consumption of amino groups during the formation of Ag NPs lowers the ζ-potential and surface charge of prepared inorganic-organic hybrids (from + 31.3 to + 19.9 mV and from 2.4 to 1.0 mmol/g at pH 7, respectively), their values are sufficiently positive to ensure electrostatic interaction with negatively charged cell walls of pathogens in acidic and slightly (up to pH ~ 8.5) alkaline solutions. The antimicrobial activity of hybrid microparticles against various pathogens (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans) is comparable with pristine NH2 − CNFs. However, a long-timescale use of hybrids ensures the slow and controlled release of Ag+ ions to surrounding media (less than 1 wt.-% for one month).