bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balancing between dual belongings when organised into interdisciplinary teams, with the trust model as the context: A qualitative study
Authors: Slåtsveen Ruth-Ellen , Wibe Torunn , Halvorsrud Liv , Lund Anne 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Home-based healthcare services are facing challenges and pressures of increasing needs due to an ageing population, rising workload for an overburdened workforce, and limited financial resources. The trust model is an approach to address the challenges, by organizing the home-based healthcare services into smaller, autonomous interdisciplinary teams. The aim is to involve users and next of kin in decision-making and trusting frontline workers’ professional judgement, thus making the services more flexible and individually tailored. This study explores frontline workers’ practices and experiences of working within interdisciplinary teams according to the trust model’s goals.

Methods
Observations, individual-, and focus groups interviews were conducted within home-based healthcare service in a Norwegian municipality. The participants were leaders and frontline workers at different levels of the home-based healthcare services, including registered nurses, auxiliary nurses, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, and other unskilled healthcare personnel. Data was analysed thematically.

Results
The results are presented in terms of themes: ‘We all want the best for service users’, ‘Belonging to an interdisciplinary team’ and ‘Maintaining belonging to those with similar work tasks and responsibilities’. The results show a diversity among the participants’ experiences of working within interdisciplinary teams. It demonstrates a dilemma between creating belonging to and forming identities within the interdisciplinary team, and at the same time, the importance of maintaining belonging and identity with those in the same profession or with the same tasks and responsibilities.

Conclusion
This study suggests that the frontline workers need for dual belonging seems to be underestimated within the trust model, and by acknowledging this, organisations and policymakers can create environments that support both. Which in turn can enhance the possibility to deliver flexible and individually tailored services for service users.
Sociodemographic and work-related factors associated with psychological resilience in South African healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mcizana Thandokazi , Adams Shahieda , Khan Saajida , Ntatamala Itumeleng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Psychological resilience facilitates adaptation in stressful environments and is an important personal characteristic that enables workers to navigate occupational challenges. Few studies have evaluated the factors associated with psychological resilience in healthcare workers.

Objectives
To determine the prevalence and factors associated with psychological resilience in a group of South African medical doctors and ambulance personnel.

Materials and methods
This analytical cross-sectional study used secondary data obtained from two studies conducted among healthcare workers in 2019 and 2022. Self-reported factors associated with resilience, as measured by the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 (CD-RISC-10), were evaluated. R statistical software was used for analysing the data and performing statistical tests.

Results
A total of 647 healthcare workers were included in the study, of which 259 were doctors and 388 were ambulance personnel. Resilience scores were low overall (27.6 ± 6.6) but higher for ambulance personnel (28.0 ± 6.9) than for doctors (27.1 ± 6.0) (p = 0.006). Female gender (OR 1.94, 95%CI 1.03–3.72, p = 0.043), job category (OR 6.94 95%CI 1.22–60.50, p = 0.044) and overtime work (OR 13.88, 95%CI 1.61–368.00, p = 0.044) significantly increased the odds of low resilience for doctors. Conversely, salary (OR 0.13, 95%CI 0.02–0.64, p = 0.024) and current smoking status (OR 0.16, 95%CI 0.02–0.66, p = 0.027) significantly reduced the odds of low resilience amongst doctors. In addition, only previous alcohol use significantly reduced the odds of low resilience for ambulance personnel (OR 0.44, 95%CI 0.20–0.94, p = 0.038) and overall sample (OR 0.52, 95%CI 0.29–0.91, p = 0.024).

Conclusions
Resilience was relatively low in this group of South African healthcare workers. The strong association between low resilience and individual and workplace factors provides avenues for early intervention and building resilience among healthcare workers.
Bayesian spatio-temporal modelling of environmental, climatic, and socio-economic influences on malaria in Central Vietnam
Authors: Tam Le Thanh , Thinkhamrop Kavin , Suttiprapa Sutas , Clements Archie C. A. , Wangdi Kinley , Suwannatrai Apiporn T. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the successful efforts in controlling malaria in Vietnam, the disease remains a significant health concern, particularly in Central Vietnam. This study aimed to assess correlations between environmental, climatic, and socio-economic factors in the district with malaria cases.

Methods
The study was conducted in 15 provinces in Central Vietnam from January 2018 to December 2022. Monthly malaria cases were obtained from the Institute of Malariology, Parasitology, and Entomology Quy Nhon, Vietnam. Environmental, climatic, and socio-economic data were retrieved using a Google Earth Engine script. A multivariable Zero-inflated Poisson regression was undertaken using a Bayesian framework with spatial and spatiotemporal random effects with a conditional autoregressive prior structure. The posterior random effects were estimated using Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation with Gibbs sampling.

Results
There was a total of 5,985 Plasmodium falciparum and 2,623 Plasmodium vivax cases during the study period. Plasmodium falciparum risk increased by five times (95% credible interval [CrI] 4.37, 6.74) for each 1-unit increase of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) without lag and by 8% (95% CrI 7%, 9%) for every 1ºC increase in maximum temperature (TMAX) at a 6-month lag. While a decrease in risk of 1% (95% CrI 0%, 1%) for a 1 mm increase in precipitation with a 6-month lag was observed. A 1-unit increase in NDVI at a 1-month lag was associated with a four-fold increase (95% CrI 2.95, 4.90) in risk of P. vivax. In addition, the risk increased by 6% (95% CrI 5%, 7%) and 3% (95% CrI 1%, 5%) for each 1ºC increase in land surface temperature during daytime with a 6-month lag and TMAX at a 4-month lag, respectively. Spatial analysis showed a higher mean malaria risk of both species in the Central Highlands and southeast parts of Central Vietnam and a lower risk in the northern and north-western areas.

Conclusion
Identification of environmental, climatic, and socio-economic risk factors and spatial malaria clusters are crucial for designing adaptive strategies to maximize the impact of limited public health resources toward eliminating malaria in Vietnam.
Evolution of dietary patterns in Flanders: an ecological trend study on best-selling cookbook recipes (2008–2018) and their correlation with household purchases
Authors: Proesmans Viktor Lowie Juliaan , Matthys Christophe , Vermeir Iris , Geuens Maggie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
With rising obesity rates in Western societies, analyzing changes in dietary patterns is paramount. While nutritional surveys have been informative, traditional cookbooks have historically shed light on national cuisines and its changes. Despite the growing popularity of online platforms for food information, cookbooks might still reflect prevalent dietary trends and the diets people follow. This study examined (1) the changes in nutritional content and food group usage in the best-selling cookbooks from 2008 to 2018, and (2) the correlation between the food groups in these cookbooks and dietary patterns (inferred from household purchases) over the same timeframe.

Methods
An exploratory ecological study was conducted on 20 main course recipes of each of the five best-selling cookbooks in Flanders annually between 2008 and 2018. Trends in macronutrients and food group usage in these recipes were analyzed using generalized linear models. Additionally, these trends were compared to household purchase data in Flanders using correlation matrices.

Results
Our results reveal a rising trend towards the use of plant-based ingredients and meat alternatives in cookbooks over the period 2008–2018. There was an increase in the usage of vegetables, nuts & seeds, and cheese. Conversely, there was a decline in the usage of meat, sugar & sweeteners, alcohol, and dairy (all p-values < 0.05). In terms of macronutrient content, there was an upswing in carbohydrate, fibre, and sugar levels, while the total fat content showed a decrease (all p-values < 0.05). The levels of protein and saturated fat remained consistent over time. Notably, shifts in plant-based and animal-based food group preferences in popular cookbook recipes align with the trends seen in actual household purchases of these food groups (all p-values < 0.05).

Conclusion
These findings indicate that cookbook content evolves over time, potentially reflecting shifts in population dietary patterns. Future research is needed to (1) determine any causative link between cookbooks and any causative link between cookbooks and (2) the potential for cookbooks to aid in health promotion.
Enhancing seed oil content and fatty acid composition in camelina through overexpression of castor RcWRI1A and RcMYB306
Authors: Park Mid-Eum , Kim Inyoung , Lee Hye Ji , Suh Mi Chung , Lee Kyeong-Ryeol , Kim Hyun Uk 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSeed triacylglycerol (TAG), a major component of vegetable oil, consists of a glycerol esterified with three fatty acids. Vegetable oil has industrial applications and is widely used as edible oil. The increasing demand for plant oils, owing to population growth, it is crucial to enhance the oil content in seeds. We found castor WRINKLED1A (RcWRI1A) and R2R3-type MYB domain protein 306 (RcMYB306) which have homology with Arabidopsis WRI1 (AtWRI1) and AtMYB96 which regulate genes involved in fatty acid and TAG synthesis, respectively. These castor genes were separately and jointly overexpressed using seed-specific promoters in an oil crop, camelina (Camelina sativa). Overexpression of RcWRI1A, RcMYB306, or RcWRI1A + RcMYB306 increased the total seed oil content in camelina. However, this increase was not significantly different from that observed during the overexpression of RcWRI1A or/and RcMYB306. RcWRI1A overexpression increased the fatty acid content, including 16:0, 18:2, 18:3. Contrastingly, RcMYB306 overexpression increased the 18:1, 18:2, 18:3, 20:0 and 20:1 fatty acid. In the RcWRI1A + RcMYB306 lines, changes in fatty acid composition demonstrated the combined effects of these transcription factors. These results suggest that RcWRI1A and RcMYB306 can be used to improve the productivity of oil crops.
Linking morphology, genome, and metabolic activity of uncultured magnetotactic Nitrospirota at the single-cell level
Authors: Ji Runjia , Wan Juan , Liu Jia , Zheng Jinbo , Xiao Tian , Pan Yongxin , Lin Wei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are a unique group of microorganisms that sense and navigate through the geomagnetic field by biomineralizing magnetic nanoparticles. MTB from the phylum Nitrospirota (previously known as Nitrospirae) thrive in diverse aquatic ecosystems. They are of great interest due to their production of hundreds of magnetite (Fe3O4) magnetosome nanoparticles per cell, which far exceeds that of other MTB. The morphological, phylogenetic, and genomic diversity of Nitrospirota MTB have been extensively studied. However, the metabolism and ecophysiology of Nitrospirota MTB are largely unknown due to the lack of cultivation techniques.

Methods
Here, we established a method to link the morphological, genomic, and metabolic investigations of an uncultured Nitrospirota MTB population (named LHC-1) at the single-cell level using nanoscale secondary-ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) in combination with rRNA-based in situ hybridization and target-specific mini-metagenomics.

Results
We magnetically separated LHC-1 from a freshwater lake and reconstructed the draft genome of LHC-1 using genome-resolved mini-metagenomics. We found that 10 LHC-1 cells were sufficient as a template to obtain a high-quality draft genome. Genomic analysis revealed that LHC-1 has the potential for CO2 fixation and NO3− reduction, which was further characterized at the single-cell level by combining stable-isotope incubations and NanoSIMS analyses over time. Additionally, the NanoSIMS results revealed specific element distributions in LHC-1, and that the heterogeneity of CO2 and NO3− metabolisms among different LHC-1 cells increased with incubation time.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this study provides the first metabolic measurements of individual Nitrospirota MTB cells to decipher their ecophysiological traits. The procedure constructed in this study provides a promising strategy to simultaneously investigate the morphology, genome, and ecophysiology of uncultured microbes in natural environments.
CERN for AI: a theoretical framework for autonomous simulation-based artificial intelligence testing and alignment
Authors: Bojić Ljubiša , Cinelli Matteo , Ćulibrk Dubravko , Delibašić Boris 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the potential of a multidisciplinary approach to testing and aligning artificial intelligence (AI), specifically focusing on large language models (LLMs). Due to the rapid development and wide application of LLMs, challenges such as ethical alignment, controllability, and predictability of these models emerged as global risks. This study investigates an innovative simulation-based multi-agent system within a virtual reality framework that replicates the real-world environment. The framework is populated by automated 'digital citizens,' simulating complex social structures and interactions to examine and optimize AI. Application of various theories from the fields of sociology, social psychology, computer science, physics, biology, and economics demonstrates the possibility of a more human-aligned and socially responsible AI. The purpose of such a digital environment is to provide a dynamic platform where advanced AI agents can interact and make independent decisions, thereby mimicking realistic scenarios. The actors in this digital city, operated by the LLMs, serve as the primary agents, exhibiting high degrees of autonomy. While this approach shows immense potential, there are notable challenges and limitations, most significantly the unpredictable nature of real-world social dynamics. This research endeavors to contribute to the development and refinement of AI, emphasizing the integration of social, ethical, and theoretical dimensions for future research.
Assessment of student ICT competence according to mathematics, science, and reading literacy: evidence from PISA 2018
Authors: Acun Çelik Sıla , Özkan Elgün İmgehan , Kalelioğlu Filiz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo assess the integration of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in teaching and learning, a new construct for ICT competence was developed by the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) in 2022. The framework for ICT assessment involves four major dimensions; access to ICT, use of ICT, students’ ICT competencies, and subject-related ICT use. In this paper, we analysed this ICT assessment in terms of validity construction of test scores with data from PISA 2018 and investigated ICT competence in relation to the variables of mathematics, science, and reading literacy. The analyses were based on public data from PISA 2018 for Turkey (N = 6890). After removal of univariate and multivariate outliers from the Turkish sample, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modelling were performed on 5438 data items. In the study, we confirmed the four-dimensional structure of ICT competence for the Turkish sample. In this study, the construct validity of the PISA 2018 application ICT test was verified using the Turkish sample. The ESCS variable was included as a control variable in the analyses due to its significant impact on the relevant variables. The analysis showed that the mathematical literacy scores of the PISA 2018 Turkish students were positively low affected by the availability of ICT, negatively low affected by the entertainment of ICT, and positively low affected by the interest and perceived competence in ICT, use of ICT for educational purposes at school and outside school, and the use of ICT related to the subject. Considering the ICT variables that affected the PISA 2018 students’ science literacy scores; the entertainment of ICT and the interest and perceived competence in ICT significantly low affected the students’ use of ICT on the subject. On the other hand, the availability of ICT negative significantly low affect their science literacy scores. While the entertainment of ICT negatively low affected the science literacy scores, interest and perceived competence in ICT and use of ICT for educational purposes at school and outside school positively low affected the students’ use of ICT on the subject. Finally, when we look at the ICT variables that low affected the students’ reading literacy scores; and use of ICT for educational purposes at school and outside school and the interest and perceived competence in ICT significantly positive low affected the use of ICT on the subject. On the other hand, the availability of ICT negative significantly low affect reading literacy scores. While the entertainment of ICT negatively low affected reading literacy scores; interest and perceived competence in ICT positively low affected the use of ICT on the subject.
Cardiac Tamponade as a Harbinger of Hypothyroidism
Authors: Ata Fateen , Al-Hattab Fatima , Bint I Bilal Ammara , Alataresh Ezeddin , Surchi Haval 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cardiac tamponade is a rare complication of hypothyroidism. In rarer cases, hypothyroidism may initially present with tamponade. Cardiac tamponade is an emergency condition that usually requires urgent intervention. However, guidelines for tamponade secondary to hypothyroidism are not optimal, and cases have been managed variably (ranging from levothyroxine alone to pericardiocentesis followed by thyroid hormone replacement) with diverse outcomes. Here, we report a case of a 42-year-old male with no medical history who presented with exertional dyspnea, lower leg swelling, facial puffiness, constipation, and weight gain. He had low blood pressure (80/60 mm Hg), normal heart rate with sinus rhythm, normal oxygen saturation, and was afebrile. Apart from a mildly raised creatinine, his test results were normal. An echocardiogram revealed features of tamponade. Further laboratory tests showed severe hypothyroidism. Following the initiation of levothyroxine, he demonstrated significant improvement. Coronary angiography revealed 95% stenosis in the mid-left anterior descending artery, treated with stenting. Serial echocardiograms showed regression of the pericardial effusion, stabilizing his condition without the need for invasive pericardiocentesis. This case highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis and management of hypothyroidism-related tamponade to prevent severe cardiac compromise. Hence, it may be necessary to consider hypothyroidism in the differential for patients with unexplained cardiac tamponade.
Quantified Ataxic Breathing Can Detect Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression Earlier in Normal Volunteers Infused with Remifentanil
Authors: Farney Robert J. , Johnson Ken B. , Ermer Sean C. , Orr Joseph A. , Egan Talmage D. , Morris Alan H. , Brewer Lara M. 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Ataxic breathing (AB) is a well-known manifestation of opioid effects in animals and humans, but is not routinely included in monitoring for opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD). We quantified AB in normal volunteers receiving increasing doses of remifentanil. We used a support vector machine (SVM) learning approach with features derived from a modified Poincaré plot. We tested the hypothesis that AB may be found when bradypnea and reduced mental status are not present.

METHODS:
Twenty-six healthy volunteers (13 female) received escalating target effect-site concentrations of remifentanil with a low baseline dose of propofol to simulate typical breathing patterns in drowsy patients who had received parenteral opioids. We derived respiratory rate (RR) from respiratory inductance plethysmography, mental alertness from the Modified Observer’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale (MOAA/S), and AB severity on a 0 to 4 scale (categories ranging from none to severe) from the SVM. The primary outcome measure was sensitivity and specificity for AB to detect OIRD.

RESULTS:
All respiratory measurements were obtained from unperturbed subjects during steady state in 121 assessments with complete data. The sensitivity of AB for detecting OIRD by the conventional method was 92% and specificity was 28%. As expected, 69 (72%) of the instances not diagnosed as OIRD using conventional measures were observed to have at least moderate AB.

CONCLUSIONS:
AB was frequently present in the absence of traditionally detected OIRD as defined by reduced mental alertness (MOAA/S score of <4) and bradypnea (RR <8 breaths/min). These results justify the need for future trials to explore replicability with other opioids and clinical utility of AB as an add-on measure in recognizing OIRD.
Adverse effects of treating bruxism and masseter muscle hypertrophy with botulinum toxin injection - a literature review
Authors: Ratyna Klaudia , Bochenek Oliwia , Koper Mateusz , Kałuża Jessica , Konaszczuk Adrian , Nowak Aleksandra , Kozyra Oliwia , Szypuła Zofia , Paluch Katarzyna , Skarbek Małgorzata 
Published: August 2024

Background Botulinum toxin injection in the masseter muscle has gained popularity for both therapeutic and aesthetic applications, such as treating bruxism, masseter hypertrophy and lower facial slimming. Despite its efficacy, adverse effects associated with this procedure have been documented. This literature review aims to analyse and summarize the adverse effects associated with botulinum toxin injection in the masseter muscle, examining their incidence, underlying mechanisms and management strategies.
Keywords botulinum toxin, masseter hypertrophy, bruxism, complications, adverse effects
Material and methods A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar was conducted using above-mentioned keywords.
Conclusions Masseter muscle botox injection is considered a safe procedure with low incidence rate. Although the complications are temporary, they can significantly reduce patient satisfaction and confidence. To minimize the risk of complications, clinicians should familiarize themselves with risk mitigation strategies.