bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated Stenosis Detection in Coronary Artery Disease Using YOLOv9c: Enhanced Efficiency and Accuracy in Real-Time Applications
Authors: AKGÜL Muhammet , KOZAN Hasan İbrahim , AKYÜREK Hasan Ali , TAŞDEMİR Şakir 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a prevalent cardiovascular condition and a leading cause of mortality. An accurate and timely diagnosis of CAD is crucial for treatment. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel stenosis detection algorithm using the YOLOv9c model to automate the detection of CAD for real-time applications. The dataset consisted of angiographic imaging series obtained from 100 patients with confirmed one-vessel CAD, comprising a total of 8,325 grayscale images. The YOLOv9c model was trained, tested, and validated using the Python API for YOLO and the ultralytics library, with fine-tuning and augmentations applied to improve detection accuracy. By automating the detection of multivessel disease, the proposed algorithm has the potential to enhance the workflow of operators. The proposed YOLOv9c model demonstrated superior performance in processing speed and detection accuracy, achieving an F1-score of 0.98 and an mAP@0.5 of 0.98, outperforming established models. The model had a weight of 25.3M, significantly lower than others, leading to reduced training time (11 hrs), fine-tuning time (3.5 hrs) and inference time (18 ms). Additionally, compared with SSD MobileNet V1, F1-score and mAP@0.5 improved by 1.36x and 1.42x, respectively. The proposed stenosis detection algorithm represents a significant advancement in the field of cardiovascular imaging and diagnostic algorithms. The integration of advanced algorithms in cardiovascular imaging represents a critical aspect of optimizing diagnostic efficiency and accuracy, emphasizing the need for ongoing advancements in medical imaging research and technology.
Attention-Based Sample Adaptation Few-Shot Learning for Hyperspectral Image Classification
Authors: Zhao Yuefeng , Sun Jingqi , Zai Chengmin , Han Yanwei , Hu Nannan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Few-shot learning (FSL) uses prior knowledge and supervised experience to effectively classify hyperspectral images (HSIs), thereby reducing the cost of large numbers of labeled samples. However, existing few-shot methods ignore the correlation between cross-domain feature channels, and the feature representation ability is insufficient. To address above issue, this paper proposes a novel Attention-based Sample Adaptation Few-Shot Learning method (ASA-FSL) for hyperspectral image classification (HSIC), which can capture and enhance cross-domain dependencies through multi-layer residual connection and random-based feature recalibration. Specifically, a Deep Residual Feature Channel Attention Mechanism (DRFCAM) is designed to obtain cross-domain dependencies by residual concatenation, and further the residual structure is stacked for mining depth discrimination information. Furthermore, a new Random-based Feature Recalibration Module (RFRM) is proposed to reassign the feature weights via random matrix, which fully explore feature weight relationships to guide the sample adaptation process. Besides, we design a joint loss function with combining the FSL loss and domain adaptive loss for further optimization model. Experiments conducted on several standard hyperspectral datasets demonstrate that the proposed ASA-FSL is superior to other FSL techniques in both quantitative and qualitative aspects.
The Evaluation Of Ketones Intensive measurement in women with Gestational diabetes (EVOKING) study
Authors: Pintaudi Basilio , Giunta Loretta , Vieste Giacoma Di , Vergani Michela , Conti Matteo , Pani Arianna , Corrado Francesco , D'Anna Rosario , Benedetto Antonino Di 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are frequently asked to check their ketones levels by measuring ketonuria before breakfast. However, ketosis could be present even before lunch and dinner. Furthermore, blood ketones measurement could be a more accurate test. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of a blood ketones intensive measurement in the detection of ketosis in women with GDM with negative urinary ketone test.
Methods. This was a single center, observational, prospective study involving consecutive women with GDM. Only women with negative fasting urinary ketone tests were included. During the same gestational weeks (30-32 weeks) to all women was suggested to perform a blood ketones test before main meals. Ketosis was defined as the presence for at least 25% of the time of fasting blood ketones levels >0.1 mmol/L and >0.2 mmol/L before lunch and dinner.
Results. Overall, a total of 101 women (mean age 34.7±4.8 years, pre-pregnancy BMI 28.2±5.2 kg/m2) were studied. Blood ketones were present in 37.6% of the cases before breakfast, 13.9% before lunch and 11.9% before dinner. Women with at least one daily presence of blood ketones were 40.6% of the sample. Fasting blood ketones presence was correlated with ketones presence before lunch (r=0.63, p<0.0001) and before dinner (r=0.55, p<0.0001) and with one hour after breakfast mean glucose levels (r=0.23, p=0.02).
Conclusions. Blood glucose ketones testing in women with GDM can detect a great number of ketosis episodes that urinary ketones test. Intensive blood ketones measurement should be recommended to women with GDM.
CASCADE: A Community-Engaged Action Model for Generating Rapid, Patient-Engaged Decisions in Clinical Research
Authors: Kelleher Bridgette L. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Integrating patient and community input is essential to the relevance and impact of patient-focused research. However, specific techniques for generating patient and community-informed research decisions remain limited. Here, we describes a novel CASCADE method (Community-Engaged Approach for Scientific Collaborations and Decisions) that was developed and implemented to make actionable, patient-centered research decisions during a federally funded clinical trial.
Methods
The CASCADE approach includes 7 key pillars: (1) identifying a shared, specific, and actionable goal; (2) centering community input; (3) integrating both pre-registered statistical analyses and exploratory “quests”; (4) fixed-pace scheduling, supported by technology; (5) minimizing opportunities for cognitive biases typical to group decision making; (6) centering diversity experiences and perspectives, including those of individual patients; (7) making decisions that are community-relevant, rigorous, and feasible. Here, we implemented these pillars within a three-day CASCADE panel, attended by diverse members of a research project team that included community interest-holders. The goal of our panel was to identify ways to improve an algorithm for matching patients to specific types of telehealth programs within an active, federally funded clinical trial.
Results
The CASCADE panel was attended by 27 participants, including 5 community interest-holders. Data reviewed to generate hypotheses and make decisions included (1) pre-registered statistical analyses, (2) results of 12 “quests” that were launched during the panel to answer specific panelist questions via exploratory analyses or literature review, (3) qualitative and quantitative patient input, and (4) team member input, including by staff who represented the target patient population for the clinical trial. Panel procedures resulted in the generation of 18 initial and 12 final hypotheses, which were translated to 19 decisional changes.
Conclusions
The CASCADE approach was an effective procedure for rapidly, efficiently making patient-centered decisions during an ongoing, federally funded clinical trial. Opportunities for further development will include exploring best-practice structural procedures, enhancing greater opportunities for pre-panel input by community interest-holders, and determining how to best standardize CASCADE outputs.
Trial registration:
The CASCADE procedure was developed in the context of NCT05999448.
Nomograms for the Prognosis Prediction Model of Early-stage Triple- negative Breast Cancer - Based on SEER Database
Authors: Wang Yaxue , Li Fengyan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC) is highly aggressive and insensitive to hormone therapy. As a result, the treatment and prognosis of TNBC have received widespread attention. The purpose of this study was to summarize the prognosis of early-stage TNBC, construct nomograms to accurately predict patient survival and advanced treatment model.
Methods
The modeling group consisted of early-stage TNBC patients in the SEER database. Prognostic factors were examined using Cox regression, and the nomograms were created by R(4.3.2) software. Patients with the same screening conditions were collected from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center to form the validating group, and validation were performed using the Concordance index, Receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves.
Results
There were 14,389 patients in the modeling group and 1,146 patients in the validating group. Age and 7 other factors in the modeling group were independent predictors (P<0.05), which were used to build nomograms. The Concordance indices for disease-free survival in the modeling and validating groups were 0.884 (95% confidence interval(CI), 0.876-0.892) and 0.686 (95% CI, 0.653-0.719). The Concordance indices for overall survival were 0.873 (95% CI, 0.863-0.883) and 0.741 (95% CI,0.702-0.780), respectively.Most of the value of the Area under the curve were above 0.7. All calibration curves were close to the 45° reference line.
Conclusions
Age, TNM stage, histologic grading, plastic surgery, and radiotherapy were independent predictors of prognosis in patients with early TNBC. The nomograms constructed in this study had good predictive value, yet the accuracy still needs to be verified by large-sample multicenter studies.
Analysis of Risk Factors for SIRS after PCNL in Patients with Solitary Kidney
Authors: Fang YuJu , Liu Yaqin , Huang Haibing , Gui Jiaqiang , Wang Xiaoning , Zhang Guoxi , Zou Xiaofeng , Xie Tian peng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to address the gap in the existing literature regarding the risk factors for systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in patients with a solitary kidney who undergo percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).This retrospective study reviewed the clinical data of 51 patients with solitary kidney stones who underwent PCNL from January 2018 to January 2024.The study evaluated demographic information, stone characteristics, and laboratory data. Among the 51 patients evaluated, 12 (23.5%) developed SIRS. Multivariate analysis showed that a high urinary white blood cell count (p = 0.041; OR, 1.004; 95% CI, 1.000-1.008), prolonged operation time (p = 0.040; OR, 1.054; 95% CI, 1.005–1.107), and postoperative blood leukocyte count (p = 0.031; OR, 1.459; 95% CI, 1.020–2.061) were independent risk factors for SIRS after PCNL in patients with a solitary kidney. Given the unique physiological conditions of patients with solitary kidneys, who face a higher incidence of kidney stones and have lower risk tolerance, the results of this study provide insights into the risk factors for SIRS after PCNL in these patients. By identifying these factors, clinicians can better stratify risk, implement preventive and therapeutic measures in a timely manner, reduce the risk of SIRS, and improve overall patient outcomes.
Glucocorticoids and sepsis and 28-day mortality of sepsis: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Huang Jingxian , Xie Yubo , Huang Huageng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Whether glucocorticoids are beneficial in sepsis and related deaths has been controversial, and the exact causal relationship is unclear. This study used Mendelian randomization to investigate the causal relationships between glucocorticoids and sepsis and 28-day mortality of sepsis.
Methods: We obtained SNPs (p-value < 5 × 10-8) strongly associated with the exposure factor glucocorticoids (n=5440) from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) with glucocorticoids as the exposure factor and sepsis and 28-day mortality from sepsis as the outcome factor. Causality studies were conducted using variance weighted inverse methods supplemented with MR Egger, weighted median and weighted mode and MR simple mode analyses. The results were analyzed for heterogeneity and tested for horizontal multiplicity, leave-one-out sensitivity tests were performed and ORs were calculated for the results.
Results: A total of 26 qualified SNPs were ultimately selected as proxies for glucocorticoids. The results of the random effects from IVW revealed that glucocorticoids had no causal effect on sepsis(OR=0.989, 95% CI 0.895-1.093, P=0.833, se=0.051), 28-day mortality of sepsis(OR=0.921, 95% CI 0.768-1.104, P=0.375, se=0.093). These results were confirmed using the MR-Egger, weighted median, simple model, and weighted models.
Conclusions: In a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis, no strong evidence was found to support a causal effect of glucocorticoids on sepsis, sepsis 28-day mortality, from a genetic perspective.
Dynamic modeling method for compliant joints in rigid-flexible coupling two-dimensional positioning stage
Authors: Zhang Chi , Yang Zhijun , Huang guanxin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Compliant joints have been widely used in precision positioning stage due to the property of nearly zero friction. A novel modeling method for compliant joints is proposed, which considers their deformation in the six spatial direction by treating flexure hinges as space frame elements. A rigid-flexible coupling two-dimensional positioning stage(RFC2DPS) containing multiple compliant joints is proposed, which can eliminates the positioning errors caused by pre-motion friction thereby achieving long-stroke ultra-precision positioning. The dynamic model of the RFC2DPS is established by combining the floating frame approach with the proposed compliant joint modeling method. Two comparative experiments of point-to-point and trajectory tracking motions are conducted using MATLAB and ADAMS. Compared to the simulated values, the maximum positioning error in the X and Y directions are 0.32% and 0.44%, respectively, using MATLAB, verifying the accuracy of the dynamic model. Finally, the established dynamic model of the RFC2DPS is analyzed for spatial displacement coupling. The results conform to the spring system assumptions of the model, verifying the effectiveness of the dynamic model.
Scanning and Mining of High Fecundity Genes by Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) in Sheep (Ovis aries) Pituitary
Authors: Xiao Xue , Ju Lin , Ji Zhibin , Wang Tong , Zhu Dejie , Li Zhonghui , Xu Xinming , Chao Tianle , Li Fen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Reproduction is a complex process, which is influenced by the inheritance of many minor genes and some major genes. The pituitary gland is an important endocrine organ that regulates estrus and reproduction in sheep mainly through hormone synthesis and secretion. Previous studies on reproduction traits have focused mainly on folliculogenesis and ovulation in sheep with different fecundities, and few systematic analyses of the mRNAs expressed in the pituitary have been performed. To explore the intrinsic molecular regulatory mechanisms and gene regulatory network of sheep reproductive traits, key genes affecting multiple fetal traits, such as ovulation number and litter size, were screened to provide a new reference for the study of reproduction traits in sheep.
Result
In this study, three healthy small-tailed Han sheep and three healthy Wadi sheep were selected to form a high-reproduction group (small-tailed Han sheep, HP group) and a low-reproduction group (Wadi sheep, LP group). ONT full-length transcriptome sequencing technology was used for mRNA identification, screening, and functional analysis. A total of 7,123 DEGs were found between the two groups of sheep, including 3,551 genes that were upregulated and 3,572 genes that were downregulated in the HP group. The expression of screened genes PRKACB, MAPK1, CAMK2D, PIK3CB, GNAI3, RAC1, PTK2, ITGB1, PRKCB, MAPK10, and MAPK13 significantly differed between the HP and LP groups. GO and KEGG terms related to pituitary function and reproduction were enriched, including reproductive processes, responses to stimuli, and synapses. The related pathways included the mTOR signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, ERK1/2 signaling pathways and MAPK signaling pathways.
Conclusions
Our results clearly indicate that the DEGs detected were involved in the structure development of tissues and organs, as well as the secretion of hormones in the endocrine system, which could provide a scientific basis for elucidating the genetic mechanisms of high reproduction in sheep.
Thermodynamic modeling of the Mn-Si-O system
Authors: de Abreu Danilo Alencar , Fabrichnaya Olga 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this study, the thermodynamic parameters of the Mn-Si-O system were re-evaluated using the CALPHAD approach. Available experimental data on phase equilibria were taken into account and thermodynamic properties such as heat capacity, standard entropy and standard enthalpy were reproduced within uncertainties. Three ternary compounds are found to be stable in the Mn-Si-O system: rhodonite (MnSiO3), braunite (Mn7SiO12) and tephroite (Mn2SiO4). Braunite was modeled by CEF, while tephroite and rhodonite were modeled as stoichiometric compounds. Two-sublattice partially ionic liquid model was used to describe the liquid phase. The braunite phase exhibits a homogeneity range and can dissolve Mn2O3 in some extension. Phase diagrams for the MnO-SiO2 system in the presence of metallic Mn and the MnOx-SiO2 system in air were calculated and showed good agreement with existing literature data. The thermodynamic parameters were evaluated to describe the experimental data over the entire compositional range of the system.
Clinical and Functional Characterization of a Novel STUB1 Mutation in a Chinese Spinocerebellar Ataxia 48 Pedigree
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Xie Wenyi , Chen Jian-Min , Xu Chun-Zuan , Huang Ya-Li , Chen Sheng , Liu Chang-Yun , Lu Ying-Qian , Zou Zhangyu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) encompass a wide spectrum of inherited neurodegenerative diseases, primarily characterized by pathological changes in the cerebellum, spinal cord, and brainstem degeneration. Autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia type 48(SCA48) is a newly identified subtype of SCA, marked by early-onset ataxia and cognitive impairment, and is associated with mutations in the STIP1 homology and U–box-containing protein 1 (STUB1) gene. The STUB1 gene encodes the protein CHIP (C-terminus of HSC70-interacting protein) which functions as E3 ubiquitin ligase and is crucial to the development of neural systems.
Results
Here, we reported a Chinese SCA48 family exhibited typical features and defined a novel missense mutation STUB1 c.755A > C (CHIP p. Y252S) through whole-exome sequencing. The variant was interpreted as a variant of uncertain significance, so we conducted a series of experiments using minigene plasmids to evaluate the pathogenicity of the variant. We found that the variant STUB1 c.755A > C caused a significant reduction of CHIP level and the loss function of ubiquitin ligase activity as the pathogenic STUB1 mutations reported before. Besides, we also found that the CHIP p. Y252S could cause tau aggregation, which is considered to contribute to the progression of neurodegenerative disorders.
Conclusions
we diagnose the SCA48 pedigree in China and highlight the role of decreased ubiquitination and increased tau aggregation in the pathogenesis of the novel STUB1 c.755C > A mutation.
Balloon valvuloplasty for pulmonary stenosis: Experience of Mohammed VI university hospital of Marrakech
Authors: Ztati Mohamed , Choukri Moulay Achraf , Yahya Abdelkarim Ait , Joumana El Masrioui , Jamili Mohamed El , Karimi Saloua El , Hattaoui Mustapha El 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Pulmonary stenosis (PS) is a common congenital heart disease that obstructs the blood flow from the right ventricle (RV) to the pulmonary artery (PA). Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty is the first-line treatment for this disease, and the outcomes depending on the anatomical characteristics of the right ventricle (RV) and the pulmonary artery (PA).
Objectives: To conduct an epidemiological study, investigate the circumstances of pulmonary stenosis diagnosis, evaluate the diagnostic role of Doppler echocardiography, and determine the therapeutic role of interventional treatment.
Methods: This descriptive retrospective study involved patients with PS followed in the functional exploration department of Mohammed VI University hospital of Marrakech between March 2024 and June 2024.
Results: Three patients were included. The mean age was 21 years (ranging from 2 to 44 years), and the mean weight was 40,6 kg (ranging from 17 kg to 55 kg). The mean intervention time was 35 months (ranging from 15 days to 9 months after diagnosis). The presenting symptoms were dyspnea with paroxysmal palpitations in two patients and feeding difficulty in one patient. All patients had an ejection systolic murmur in pulmonary area. One patient showed right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) and right atrial hypertrophy (RAH) on the electrocardiogram. The PA-RV gradient decreased from an average of 99 mmHg before dilatation to 30 mmHg after dilatation. The RV pressure decreased from an average of 113 mmHg to 57 mmHg. Balloon dilatation was successfully performed in all patients, with the saturation increasing from an average of 93% to 97%. The “dome sprayer” appearance of the pulmonary valves was observed in all patients, with a dysplastic appearance in one patient. Three patients experienced complications: two with moderate pulmonary insufficiency and one with anesthesia-related bronchospasm, which resolved favorably.
Conclusion: Percutaneous balloon treatment for pulmonary stenosis is a safe and effective alternative with few complications and good immediate results.
Spectrum of Zoonotic Fish Parasites in Lahore, Pakistan: An Anatomopathological analysis for tissue damage
Authors: Akhtar Raheela , Khan Naseem Ullah , Ahmad Waqas , Ahmad Muhammad Hammad , Khan Imtiaz Ahmad , Ali Muhammad Muddassir , Sharif Saima , Bibi Noreena 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Fish parasites are a leading cause of fatality as well as a threat to public health and the economy as well. Different species of parasites are reported in several types of fish. To protect the farm from parasitic infestations, and mitigate the threat to public health, regular surveillance in the fish farms should be performed. Therefore, 100 random samples from the fisheries complex Manawa, Lahore were taken from February 2019 to July 2019 to determine varieties of fish parasites, and for the observation of histopathological changes in fish. The study reveals a 3% prevalence of the fish parasites in the region of surveillance, and two species Anisakis simplex and Lernaea cyprinacea are found in the samples. Moreover, the histopathological changes including liver, skin, gills, and intestines of positive fish samples are observed.