bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-throughput ultrastructural analysis of macular telangiectasia type 2
Authors: Zucker Charles L. , Bernstein Paul S. , Schalek Richard L. , Lichtman Jeff W. , Dowling John E. 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionMacular Telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel), is an uncommon form of late-onset, slowly-progressive macular degeneration. Associated with regional Müller glial cell loss in the retina and the amino acid serine synthesized by Müller cells, the disease is functionally confined to a central retinal region – the MacTel zone.MethodsWe have used high-throughput multi-resolution electron microscopy techniques, optimized for disease analysis, to study the retinas from two women, mother and daughter, aged 79 and 48 years respectively, suffering from MacTel.ResultsIn both eyes, the principal observations made were changes specific to mitochondrial structure both outside and within the MacTel zone in all retinal cell types, with the exception of those in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The lesion areas, which are a hallmark of MacTel, extend from Bruch’s membrane and the choriocapillaris, through all depths of the retina, and include cells from the RPE, retinal vascular elements, and extensive hypertrophic basement membrane material. Where the Müller glial cells are lost, we have identified a significant population of microglial cells, exclusively within the Henle fiber layer, which appear to ensheathe the Henle fibers, similar to that seen normally by Müller cells.DiscussionSince Müller cells synthesize retinal serine, whereas retinal neurons do not, we propose that serine deficiency, required for normal mitochondrial function, may relate to mitochondrial changes that underlie the development of MacTel. With mitochondrial changes occurring retina-wide, the question remains as to why the Müller cells are uniquely susceptible within the MacTel zone.
Autonomic modulation by SGLT2i or DPP4i in patients with diabetes favors cardiovascular outcomes as revealed by skin sympathetic nerve activity
Authors: Chen Jien-Jiun , Lin Chen , Lo Men-Tzung , Lin Lian-Yu , Chang Hsiang-Chih , Liu Geng-Chi 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) are important second-line treatments for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients taking SGLT2i have favorable cardiovascular outcomes via various mechanisms, including autonomic nervous system (ANS) modulation. This study aimed to use neuro-electrocardiography (neuECG) to test the effects of SGLT2i or DPP4i on the ANS.MethodsPatients with T2DM, who did not reach target hemoglobin (Hb)A1C levels despite metformin treatment, were enrolled. SGLT2i or DPP4i were prescribed randomly unless a compelling indication was present. NeuECG and heart rate were recorded for 10 min before and after a 3-month treatment. The patients were treated according to standard practice and the obtained data for skin sympathetic nerve activity (SKNA) and ANS entropy were analyzed offline.ResultsWe enrolled 96 patients, of which 49 received SGLT2i and 47 received DPP4i. The baseline parameters were similar between the groups. No adverse event was seen during the study period. In the burst analysis of SKNA at baseline, all parameters were similar. After the 3-month treatment, the firing frequency was higher in SGLT2i group (0.104 ± 0.045 vs 0.083 ± 0.033 burst/min, p &lt; 0.05), with increased long firing duration (7.34 ± 3.66 vs 5.906 ± 2.921, p &lt; 0.05) in 3-s aSKNA scale; the other parameters did not show any significant change. By symbolic entropy, the most complex patterns (Rank 3) were found to be significantly higher in SGLT2i-treated patients than in DDP4i-treated group (0.084 ± 0.028 vs 0.07 ± 0.024, p = 0.01) and the direction of change in Rank 3, after SGLT2i treatment, was opposite to that observed in the DDP4i group (0.012 ± 0.036 vs. −0.005 ± 0.037, p = 0.024). Our findings demonstrated the favorable autonomic modulation by SGLTi and the detrimental effects of DPP4i on ANS.ConclusionWe demonstrated the autonomic modulation by SGLTi and DPP4i using SKNA in patients with DM, which might provide insights into the favorable outcomes of SGLT2i. Furthermore, we refined the analytical methods of neuECG, which uses SKNA to evaluate autonomic function.
Suicidal ideation in medical students of Hebei province: prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Huang Fanfan , Lu Wenting , Zhao Xiaochuan , Li Na , Zhao Tianyu , Guo Shijie , Liu Bufan , Ren Ruojia , Yang Li , Wang Lan , Gao Yuanyuan , Wang Ran , Song Mei , Lin Quan , Xu Yuehang , Jin Na , Liu Kuaikuai , Bai Meina , Wang Xueyi 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesThis study investigated the prevalence of suicidal ideation (SI) among Chinese medical students and its associated risk factors.MethodsA total of 6643 medical students (2383 males/4260 females) were recruited from a medical college in Hebei Province, China. Demographic data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form (CTQ-SF) was used to evaluate childhood maltreatment (CM), and the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC) was used to evaluate the stressful life events. Suicidal ideation was assessed using the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors affecting SI.ResultsThe prevalence of SI in medical students was 11.5% (763/6643). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that SI was significantly associated with younger age, a female sex, being lovelorn, being introverted, experiencing CM during childhood, and experiencing stressful life events within the past 12 months. Of the five subtypes of CM, emotional abuse may have the strongest effect on SI (OR=2.76, 95% CI: 1.72–4.42). The joint effects of CM and stressful life events were significantly associated with an increased risk of SI (OR=5.39, 95% CI: 4.15–6.98).ConclusionThe prevalence of SI among medical students is high, and medical students who have experienced CM and stressful life events have a higher tendency towards SI. Screening for both CM and stressful life events may be an effective way of identifying individuals at high risk of SI.
Creating, publishing, and spreading processes of health-related contents in internet news sites: evaluation of the opinions of actors in health communication
Authors: Öntaş Eray , Bahar-Özvarış Şevkat , Şimşek Burcu 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe accuracy and reliability of health information disseminated through news is crucial, as it directly impacts both individual and societal health outcomes. This study aims to analyze the publication process of health content in Türkiye and its implications for public health. By examining the perspectives of various health communication stakeholders, the study seeks to identify existing issues and propose potential solutions.MethodsThe research uses a mixed-methods approach, including baseline content analysis of 846 news by 133 criteria, quantitative research with 78 participants encompassing bureaucrats, academics, journalists, and health association members, and 15 in-depth interviews for comprehensive insights.ResultsThe content analysis indicated that 23.2% of the analyzed news articles lacked credible sources, while 63% did not mention the author’s name. A striking 96.2% of respondents stated that inaccurate health news poses a risk to public health, emphasizing the urgent need for standardized reporting practices. The majority (90.9%) pinpointed the media as the primary catalysts for infodemic spread, with 93.5% citing gatekeepers as barriers to accurate information. Eroding trust in media, fueled by unethical practices, harms both media credibility and effective public health interventions.DiscussionThe study underscores the necessity for a collaborative approach among public institutions, academia, and media, focusing on responsibility, regulation, and sanctions against the infodemic. The research advocates for a balanced approach that prioritizes health rights and press freedom within a stakeholder-driven framework, highlighting that legislation alone cannot fully enhance the digital information ecosystem.
Virtual-reality exposure treatment for first responder PTSD: a pilot investigation
Authors: Beidel Deborah C. , Bowers Clint A. , Newins Amie. R. , Seaver Christine , Rozek David , McDaniel Carole , Horning Daniel R. 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: There is increasing recognition that first responders’ exposure to multiple traumatic events puts them at risk for the development of emotional distress, including depression, substance misuse, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicide. Despite this increased risk and higher prevalence of PTSD and other trauma-related disorders, there are few data on treatment for first responders.Method: This investigation describes the outcome of an intensive outpatient program (IOP), initially developed for military trauma, as applied to the treatment of first responders with PTSD. This treatment is unique in that it utilizes virtual reality to enhance the immersion into the exposure scene. Furthermore, we assessed the utility of both fixed-length and unbounded-length exposure sessions.Results: The results indicate that the intervention was feasible to implement and did not produce iatrogenic effects. Participants reported significantly reduced symptoms of PTSD and related emotional distress, reduced disability, and improved daily functioning. These positive outcomes were maintained at 3-month follow-up. There was no difference in outcomes between the fixed- and unbounded-length sessions.Discussion: These results suggest that an efficacious, short-term intervention incorporating virtual reality has the potential to quickly return first responders to their profession.
FAKTOR LANGSUNG DAN TIDAK LANGSUNG DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING
Authors: Irjayanti Apriyana , Irmanto Maxsi , Safitri Fatiah Mona 
Published: July 2024

Kasus stunting menjadi permasalahan global yang saat ini merupakan satu faktor terhambatnya perkembangan manusia di dunia. Tujuan riset yaitu menganalisis faktor langsung dan tidak langsung kejadian stunting. Metode riset memakai analitik observasional dengan desain case control. Populasi dan sampel yaitu rumah tangga yang memiliki balita berusia 25-59 bulan yang berisiko stunting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jayapura Utara sebanyak 82 balita. Besar sampel menggunakan perbandingan sampel antara kasus dan kontrol 1:1. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu teknik consecutive sampling. Seluruh variabel memakai instrumen kuesioner dan analisis data univariat dan bivariat. Hasil riset didapatkan ada korelasi antara riwayat penyakit diare dengan stunting pada balita (p-value = 0,001) dan tidak terdapat korelasi antara praktik cuci tangan (p-value = 0,258), praktik buang air besar (p-value = 0,081), praktik pengamanan sampah rumah tangga (p-value = 0,649), praktik pengelolaan air minum dan makanan (p-value = 1,000), akses air minum (p-value = 0,065), sanitasi jamban (p-value = 0,797), sanitasi pembuangan limbah cair (p-value = 0,068), dan sanitasi sampah rumah tangga (p-value = 1,000) dengan stunting pada balita. Saran riset ini ialah masyarakat agar membiasakan diri berperilaku higienis dan saniter serta membarui dan menegakkan keberlanjutan budaya hidup bersih dan sehat.

The case of stunting is a global problem which is currently a factor in hampering human development in the world. The aim of the research is to analyze direct and indirect factors in the incidence of stunting. The research method uses observational analytics with a case control design. The population and sample are 82 households with toddlers aged 25-59 months who are at risk of stunting in the working area of ​​the North Jayapura Community Health Center. The sample size uses a sample ratio of 1:1 between cases and controls. The sampling technique is consecutive sampling technique. All variables use questionnaire instruments and univariate and bivariate data analysis. The research results showed that there was a correlation between a history of diarrhea and stunting in toddlers (p-value = 0.001) and there was no correlation between hand washing practices (p-value = 0.258), defecation practices (p-value = 0.081), safety practices household waste (p-value = 0.649), drinking water and food management practices (p-value = 1.000), access to drinking water (p-value = 0.065), latrine sanitation (p-value = 0.797), liquid waste disposal sanitation (p-value = 0.068), and household waste sanitation (p-value = 1.000) with stunting in toddlers. The advice of this research is for the public to get used to hygienic and sanitary behavior and to renew and uphold the sustainability of a clean and healthy living culture.
EFEKTIFITAS E-KADARSI (KELUARGA SADAR HIPERTENSI) TERHADAP EVALUASI TUGAS KELUARGA PASIEN BERISIKO KRISIS HIPERTENSI
Authors: Fitriyani Noor , Vioneery Deoni , Listrikawati Martini , Prastiwi Firman 
Published: July 2024

Peningkatan prevalensi hipertensi setiap tahunnya diperlukan strategi secara global dalam pencegahan dan pengendalian. Tatalaksana hipertensi melalui pendekatan keluarga menjadikan kemampuan mengenali masalah dan pemecahan masalah lebih menyeluruh. Salah satu implementasi yang dapat diberikan adalah pemberian edukasi berbasis online ditujukan pada keluarga dengan hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui keefektifan e-KADARSI (Keluarga Sadar Hipertensi) Terhadap Evaluasi Tugas Keluarga Pasien Hipertensi. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah quasy eksperimental dengan pretest and posttest with control design. Jumlah subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 60, terdiri 30 kelompok kontrol dengan intervensi standart dan 30 kelompok intervensi yang akan diberikan implementasi e-KADARSI dan diukur evaluasi tugas keluarga dengan kuisioner sebelum dan sesudah diberikan. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa e-KADARSI efektif dalam evaluasi tugas keluarga dengan selisih nilai rata rata kedua kelompok sebesar 28.34 pada nilai pre test dan post test. Kesimpulan e-KADARSI sebagai tatalaksana yang tepat dalam upaya pencegahan krisis hipertens ditujukan pada keluarga.

The increasing prevalence of hypertension every year requires a global strategy for prevention and control. Management of hypertension through a family approach makes the ability to recognize problems and solve problems more comprehensive. One implementation that can be provided is providing online-based education aimed at families with hypertension. The aim of the research is to determine the effectiveness of e-KADARSI (Hypertension Awareness Family) in evaluating the duties of families of hypertension patients. The method used in this research was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest with control design. The number of subjects in this study was 60, consisting of 30 control groups with standard intervention and 30 intervention groups who would be given the implementation of e-KADARSI and measured evaluation of family tasks with questionnaires before and after being given. The results of the analysis show that e-KADARSI is effective in evaluating family tasks with a difference in the average score between the two groups of 28.34 in the pre-test and post-test scores. Conclusion e-KADARSI as appropriate management in efforts to prevent hypertension crises is aimed at families.
Relation of Educational, Research and Innovative Functions of Universities
Authors: Газитдинов А.М. 
Published: July 2024

В статье приводятся результаты анализа образовательной и исследовательской деятельности в секторе высшего образования. На основе данных результатов сделан вывод о необходимости реформирования сектора. Анализируются и сопоставляются различные альтернативы по организации научно-исследовательской, образовательной и инновационной деятельности в секторе.
The article presents the results of the analysis of educational and research activities in the higher education sector. Based on the results the conclusion is made about the need to reform the sector. Alternatives for the organization of research, education and innovation activities in the sector are analyzed and compared.
Regional Labor Market Needs Assessment in a Highly Skilled Workforce
Authors: Трофимова Н.В. , Мамлеева Э.Р. 
Published: July 2024

В статье выделены критерии для определения категории высококвалифицированный специалист . На основе разработанной авторами анкеты проведен анализ текущей ситуации и дана оценка потребностей предприятий и организаций Республики Башкортостан в высококвалифицированной рабочей силе. Для сокращения дефицита в высококвалифицированной рабочей силе предлагается создание на территории Южно-Башкортостанской агломерации международного научно-образовательного и производственного центра, который будет удерживать перспективную молодежь в регионе, формируя предложение рабочей силы высокой квалификации.
The article highlights the criteria for determining the category of highly qualified specialist . On the basis of the questionnaire developed by the authors, the analysis of the current situation and the assessment of the needs of enterprises and organizations of the Republic of Bashkortostan in a highly skilled workforce. To reduce the deficit in highly skilled labor, it is proposed to create an international scientific, educational and production center on the territory of the South Bashkortostan agglomeration, which will keep promising young people in the region, forming a supply of highly qualified labor force.
Principles of Human Capital Management in the Light of Inflows of New Generation Labor Force
Authors: Рябинина Е.В. , Иванова О.Э. 
Published: July 2024

Процессы цифровизации, глобализации, научно-технический прогресс и другие дали импульс к появлению непохожего на предыдущие поколения iGen. Они демонстрируют новые сочетания качеств, которые ранее не представляли интереса: практичность, мотивированность, индивидуальность, самостоятельность, предприимчивость и включенность. Сегодня представители нового поколения занимают небольшую долю работающего населения, их доля будет стремительно расти. В свете притока сотрудников поколения Z организациям, желающим оставаться конкурентоспособными на рынке, необходимо учитывать и использовать их особенности, способные вывести компанию на новый уровень. В связи с этим встает вопрос трансформации систем управления человеческим капиталом организации за счет изменения принципов управления человеком.
The processes of digitalization, globalization, scientific and technological progress and others gave impetus to the emergence of unlike previous generations of iGen. They demonstrate new combinations of qualities that were not previously of interest: practicality, motivation, individuality, independence, enterprise and inclusion. Today representatives of the new generation occupy a small share of the working population, their share will grow rapidly. In the light of the influx of generation Z employees, organizations wishing to remain competitive in the market need to take into account and use their features that can bring the company to a new level. In this regard, there is a question of transformation of human capital management systems of the organization by changing the principles of human management.
Group Dynamics and Efficiency of Group Activities
Authors: Рамазанов М.Г. , Рамазанова А.Г. , Галимов А.Н. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются актуальные вопросы эффективности работы групп в организации как необходимого и важного условия для обеспечения эффективности работы всей организации. Исследована эффективность работы формальных групп в тесной увязке с деятельностью неформальных групп как неотъемлемого элемента любой организации. Рассматривается влияние неформальных групп на результаты деятельности организации, признаки и параметры эффективной группы.
The article deals with topical issues of the effectiveness of groups in the organization, as a necessary and important condition for ensuring the effectiveness of the entire organization. Efficiency of work of formal groups in close coordination with activity of informal groups as an integral element of any organization is investigated. The influence of informal groups on the results of the organization, characteristics and parameters of an effective group is considered.
Social Protection of the Population in the May Decree of the President of the Russian Federation: Projects and Realities
Authors: Агадуллина Р.Р. 
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена решению стратегических задач государства по достижению социального согласия, социальной поддержки населения и снижению социального неравенства. На основе исследования проблематики социальной защиты населения, принятых в связи с этим нормативно-правовых актов в современной России, рассматривается комплекс мер социальной политики государства, предусмотренных в майском указе Президента России.
The article is devoted to the strategic tasks of the state to achieve social harmony, social support and reduce social inequality. On the basis of the study of the problems of social protection of the population, adopted in this regard, the normative legal acts in modern Russia, the complex of measures of social policy of the state, provided in the may decree of the President of Russia.
Risk Analysis in the Process of Integration of Tools for Monitoring the Innovative Development of Oil Companies
Authors: Ханафиева И.Р. 
Published: July 2024

В условиях современных тенденций развития инновационного общества в России основным драйвером и стимулом развития становятся инновации. Причем инновации рассматриваются не как отдельный вид деятельности, а как часть экономики каждой компании, оказывающей влияние на общее развитие экономики страны. В статье представлена классификация рисков инновационного развития нефтяных компаний, раскрыты основные направления анализа рисков инновационного развития компании, описан процесс интеграции системы оценки риска инновационного развития в общую систему управления компании.
Under the current trends in the development of an innovative society in Russia, innovation becomes the main driver and stimulus for development. Moreover, innovations are not considered as a separate type of activity, but as part of the economy of each company, which affects the overall development of the countrys economy. The article presents the classification of risks of innovative development of oil companies, discloses the main directions of risk analysis of innovative development of a company, describes the process of integrating a system for assessing the risk of innovative development in the general management system of a company.
Demographic Situation in the Cities of the Republic of Bashkortostan: the Analysis of the Dynamics
Authors: Вишневская Н.Г. , Хамадеева З.А. , Ушмаев А.Г. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы демографического развития городов Республики Башкортостан. Авторы проводят сравнительный анализ показателей численности населения, рождаемости, смертности, миграции в городах Республики Башкортостан.
The article deals with the demographic development of the cities of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The authors conduct a comparative analysis of indicators of population, fertility, mortality, migration of cities of the Republic of Bashkortostan.