bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wind Regimes Associated with a Mountain Gap at the Northeastern Adriatic Coast
Authors: Belušić Danijel , Hrastinski Mario , Večenaj Željko , Grisogono Branko 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWinds through the Vratnik Pass, a mountain gap in the Dinaric Alps, Croatia, are polarized along the gap axis that extends in the northeast–southwest direction. Although stronger northeasterly wind at the Vratnik Pass is frequently related to the Adriatic bora wind, especially at the downstream town of Senj, there are many cases in which the wind at Senj is directionally decoupled from the wind at the Vratnik Pass. A cluster analysis reveals that this decoupling is sometimes related to lower wind speeds or a shallow southeasterly sirocco wind along the Adriatic, but in many cases the bora blows over a wider region, while only Senj has a different wind direction. Several mechanisms can be responsible for the latter phenomenon, including the formation of a lee wave rotor. A numerical model simulation corroborates the decoupling caused by a rotor for a single case. The prevalence of northeasterly winds at the Vratnik Pass during southeasterly sirocco episodes is another result that challenges the current understanding. It is shown that, at least in one of these episodes, this phenomenon is related to a secondary mesoscale low pressure center in the eastern lee of the Apennines that forms as a subsystem of a broader Genoa cyclone. Less frequent southwesterly winds through the gap are predominantly related to the thermal sea breeze and anabatic circulations that are sometimes superimposed on the geostrophic wind.
Monthly Temperature Observations for Uganda
Authors: Christy John R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe International Surface Temperature Initiative is a worldwide effort to locate weather observations, digitize them for public access, and attach provenance to them. As part of that effort, this study sought documents of temperature observations for the nation of Uganda. Although scattered reports were found for the 1890s, consistent record keeping appears to have begun in 1900. Data were keyed in from images of several types of old forms as well as accessed electronically from several sources to extend the time series of 32 stations with at least 4 yr of data back as far as data were available. Important gaps still remain; 1979–93 has virtually no observations from any station. Because many stations were represented by more than one data source, a scheme is described to extract the “best guess” values for each station of monthly averages of the daily maximum, minimum, and mean temperature. A preliminary examination of the national time series indicates that, since the early twentieth century, it appears that Uganda experienced essentially no change in monthly-average daily maximum temperature but did experience a considerable rise in monthly-average daily minimum temperature, concentrated in the last three decades. Because there are many gaps in the data, it is hoped that readers with information on extant data that were not discovered for this study will contact the author or the project so that the data may be archived.
Family Planning as an Investment in Human Capital: Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Programme in Malaybalay, Bukidnon, the Philippines
Authors: Lanzona Leonardo A. 
Published: June 2013

The objective of the study is to determine the effects of family planning and maternal and reproductive health (FP-MRH) programmes in cities and to analyze the institutional factors that can make them effective. The proposed methodology is experimental in design with data from both beneficiary and non-beneficiary households, the comparison of which will serve as the basis for measuring the benefits and costs of such programmes. The article analyzes three censuses of Malaybalay, Bukidnon, from 1998 to 1996, in which more than 65 per cent of the households were identified as family planning (FP) users. In this case, the relevant comparison is not only between those using or not using family planning, but also, most especially, between those receiving them from the public programmes or from private sources. Household data in Malaybalay confirm a decline in fertility of about 2 per cent on average in the public FP users compared with the privately sourced household FP users and non-users from 2008 to 2010. The consequences of the programme on a series of family welfare outcomes are then estimated, in addition to fertility: women’s and children’s health (measured using the incidence of death), ownership of house and lot, engagement of mothers in the labour market and finally the schooling of children. Within the three years being analyzed, many of these indicators of the welfare of women and their children improve slightly but significantly, in conjunction with the other health and social programmes of the city. The cost-benefit analysis show that, overall, the return of investment is 56 per cent, implying that for every peso spent on FP-MRH programmes, 56 centavos worth of savings can be used in other programmes. This suggests that the social returns to reproductive health programmes in the cities have many facets beyond fertility reduction but are also seen to be dependent on the existence of these other development programmes. Furthermore, the nascent success of these programmes provides the rationale for greater national support.
GenPhyloData: realistic simulation of gene family evolution
Authors: Sjöstrand Joel , Arvestad Lars , Lagergren Jens , Sennblad Bengt 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
PrIME-GenPhyloData is a suite of tools for creating realistic simulated phylogenetic trees, in particular for families of homologous genes. It supports generation of trees based on a birth-death process and—perhaps more interestingly—also supports generation of gene family trees guided by a known (synthetic or biological) species tree while accounting for events such as gene duplication, gene loss, and lateral gene transfer (LGT). The suite also supports a wide range of branch rate models enabling relaxation of the molecular clock.

Result
Simulated data created with PrIME-GenPhyloData can be used for benchmarking phylogenetic approaches, or for characterizing models or model parameters with respect to biological data.

Conclusion
The concept of tree-in-tree evolution can also be used to model, for instance, biogeography or host-parasite co-evolution.
Early transcriptional responses of internalization defective Brucella abortus mutants in professional phagocytes, RAW 264.7
Authors: Cha Seung Bin , Lee Won Jung , Shin Min Kyoung , Jung Myung Hwan , Shin Seung Won , Yoo An Na , Kim Jong Wan , Yoo Han Sang 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background

Brucella abortus is an intracellular zoonotic pathogen which causes undulant fever, endocarditis, arthritis and osteomyelitis in human and abortion and infertility in cattle. This bacterium is able to invade and replicate in host macrophage instead of getting removed by this defense mechanism. Therefore, understanding the interaction between virulence of the bacteria and the host cell is important to control brucellosis. Previously, we generated internalization defective mutants and analyzed the envelope proteins. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the changes in early transcriptional responses between wild type and internalization defective mutants infected mouse macrophage, RAW 264.7.

Results
Both of the wild type and mutant infected macrophages showed increased expression levels in proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, apoptosis and G-protein coupled receptors (Gpr84, Gpr109a and Adora2b) while the genes related with small GTPase which mediate intracellular trafficking was decreased. Moreover, cytohesin 1 interacting protein (Cytip) and genes related to ubiquitination (Arrdc3 and Fbxo21) were down-regulated, suggesting the survival strategy of this bacterium. However, we could not detect any significant changes in the mutant infected groups compared to the wild type infected group.

Conclusions
In summary, it was very difficult to clarify the alterations in host cellular transcription in response to infection with internalization defective mutants. However, we found several novel gene changes related to the GPCR system, ubiquitin-proteosome system, and growth arrest and DNA damages in response to B. abortus infection. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying host-pathogen interactions and need to be studied further.
Punctate inner choroidopathy and optic neuropathy: simultaneous presentation in a patient - a case report
Authors: Carle Michelle V , Boyer David S , Dayani Pouya N 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
We present a case of a patient initially presenting with multifocal choroiditis (MFC) in one eye. She subsequently developed lesions most consistent with punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC) in the contralateral eye, followed by acute vision loss from retrobulbar optic neuropathy. Optic neuropathy has been well described in the setting of MFC. There is, however, only one report of its association with PIC. Punctate inner choroidopathy and MFC have many similarities, with visual loss generally resulting from choroidal neovascularization. In this case, the patient had significant visual loss from presumed retrobulbar optic neuropathy.

Findings
The patient responded well to immunomodulation with subsequent return of vision to baseline.

Conclusions
Multifocal choroiditis and punctate inner choroidopathy may be a spectrum of the same disease with many overlapping presentations, including optic neuropathy. Good visual recovery and remission were attained with mycophenolate mofetil and systemic corticosteroid treatment.
Whole genome sequencing in support of wellness and health maintenance
Authors: Patel Chirag J , Sivadas Ambily , Tabassum Rubina , Preeprem Thanawadee , Zhao Jing , Arafat Dalia , Chen Rong , Morgan Alexander A , Martin Gregory S , Brigham Kenneth L , Butte Atul J , Gibson Greg 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Background
Whole genome sequencing is poised to revolutionize personalized medicine, providing the capacity to classify individuals into risk categories for a wide range of diseases. Here we begin to explore how whole genome sequencing (WGS) might be incorporated alongside traditional clinical evaluation as a part of preventive medicine. The present study illustrates novel approaches for integrating genotypic and clinical information for assessment of generalized health risks and to assist individuals in the promotion of wellness and maintenance of good health.

Methods
Whole genome sequences and longitudinal clinical profiles are described for eight middle-aged Caucasian participants (four men and four women) from the Center for Health Discovery and Well Being (CHDWB) at Emory University in Atlanta. We report multivariate genotypic risk assessments derived from common variants reported by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), as well as clinical measures in the domains of immune, metabolic, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, respiratory, and mental health.

Results
Polygenic risk is assessed for each participant for over 100 diseases and reported relative to baseline population prevalence. Two approaches for combining clinical and genetic profiles for the purposes of health assessment are then presented. First we propose conditioning individual disease risk assessments on observed clinical status for type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension, and obesity. An approximate 2:1 ratio of concordance between genetic prediction and observed sub-clinical disease is observed. Subsequently, we show how more holistic combination of genetic, clinical and family history data can be achieved by visualizing risk in eight sub-classes of disease. Having identified where their profiles are broadly concordant or discordant, an individual can focus on individual clinical results or genotypes as they develop personalized health action plans in consultation with a health partner or coach.

Conclusion
The CHDWB will facilitate longitudinal evaluation of wellness-focused medical care based on comprehensive self-knowledge of medical risks.
Chromatographic Separation Behaviors of Am, Cm, and Eu onto TODGA and DOODA(C8) Adsorbents with Hydrophilic Ligand–Nitric Acid Eluents
Authors: Usuda Shigekazu , Yamanishi Kei , Mimura Hitoshi , Sasaki Yuji , Kirishima Akira , Sato Nobuaki , Niibori Yuichi 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Mutual separation behaviors of trivalent minor actinoids (Am and Cm) were examined using not only 241Am and 243Cm but also 152Eu for comparison with behaviors of lanthanoids in two types of extraction chromatographic systems: TODGA and DOODA(8) adsorbents and nitric acid eluents containing hydrophilic ligands, DOODA(C2) and TEDGA, respectively.
Approaches to higher educational institution’s corporate competence formation
Authors: Иванова-Швец  , Ivanova-Shvets Lyudmila 
Published: June 2013

Development strategy on the basis of corporate competence system related to all personnel of higher education institution is a key success factor, providing the scientific and intellectual leadership of this institution in continuous vocational education area. It reflects the international trend, where strategic development of successful organizations is impossible without the use of modern technologies related to human resources management.
The relevance and lack of consideration of problems, connected with development and implementation of higher educational institution’s corporate competence model have determined the choice of scientific research’s goals and tasks. However, the current market situation requires a comprehensive analysis of competence model implementation in the modern innovative university management in order to achieve the strategic goals, gain the competitive advantages, and use the human potential more effectively and sustainably in the conditions of dynamically developing information society. This article is devoted to analysis of basic approaches to the definition of corporate competences as exemplified in Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics.
The cost analysis of cementedversuscementless total hip replacement operations on the NHS
Authors: Kallala R. , Anderson P. , Morris S. , Haddad F. S. 
Published: June 2013

In a time of limited resources, the debate continues over which types of hip prosthesis are clinically superior and more cost-effective. Orthopaedic surgeons increasingly need robust economic evidence to understand the full value of the operation, and to aid decision making on the ‘package’ of procedures that are available and to justify their practice beyond traditional clinical preference.In this paper we explore the current economic debate about the merits of cemented and cementless total hip replacement, an issue that continues to divide the orthopaedic community.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:874–6.
Acetabular reconstruction in patients with low and high dislocation
Authors: Karachalios Th. , Roidis N. , Lampropoulou-Adamidou K. , Hartofilakidis G. 
Published: June 2013

We report the results at a mean of 24.3 years (20 to 32) of 61 previously reported consecutive total hip replacements carried out on 44 patients with severe congenital hip disease, performed with reconstruction of the acetabulum with an impaction grafting technique known as cotyloplasty. The mean age of the patients at operation was 46.7 years (23 to 68) and all were women. The patients were followed post-operatively for a mean of 24.3 years (20 to 32), using the Merle d’Aubigné and Postel scoring system as modified by Charnley, and with serial radiographs. At the time of the latest follow-up, 28 acetabular components had been revised because of aseptic loosening at a mean of 15.9 years (6 to 26), and one at 40 days after surgery because of repeated dislocations. The overall survival rate for aseptic failure of the acetabular component at ten years was 93.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 86.5 to 96.7) when 53 hips were at risk, and at 23 years was 56.1% (95% CI 49.4 to 62.8), when 22 hips remained at risk. These long-term results are considered satisfactory for the reconstruction of an acetabulum presenting with inadequate bone stock and circumferential segmental defects.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:887–92.
G-narrow operators and G-rich subspaces
Authors: Ivashyna Tetiana 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Let X and Y be Banach spaces. An operator G: X → Y is a Daugavet center if ‖G +T‖ = ‖G‖+‖T‖ for every rank-1 operator T. For every Daugavet center G we consider a certain set of operators acting from X, so-called G-narrow operators. We prove that if J is the natural embedding of Y into a Banach space E, then E can be equivalently renormed so that an operator T is (J ○ G)-narrow if and only if T is G-narrow. We study G-rich subspaces of X: Z ⊂ X is called G-rich if the quotient map q: X → X/Z is G-narrow.
Application of response surface methodology for the optimization of arabinose biotransformation to arabitol by Candida parapsilosis
Authors: Kordowska-Wiater Monika , Kubik-Komar Agnieszka , Targoński Zdzisław 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
L-arabitol, a polyol with applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries, is secreted by different yeasts, e.g., Candida spp., Pichia spp., and Debaryomyces spp. The process of its biotechnological production is highly dependent on the physical and chemical conditions of culture. The aim of this study was to use statistical response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the biotransformation of L-arabinose to arabitol by Candida parapsilosis, a yeast species able to assimilate pentoses. Batch cultures of the yeast were prepared following a Plackett-Burman design for seven variables. Following this, rotation speed, temperature, and L-arabinose concentration were chosen for a central composite design (CCD) experiment, which was carried out to optimize the production L-arabitol. The results showed that the optimal levels for the three factors were: rotation speed 150 rpm, temperature 28°C, and L-arabinose concentration 32.5 g/l. The predicted concentration of arabitol after two days of incubation of C. parapsilosis under the above conditions was 14.3 g/l. The value of R2=0.8323 suggested that this model was well-fitted to the experimental data, and this was confirmed during a verification experiment.
Changes in L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and isoflavone phytoalexins accumulation in soybean seedlings infected with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Authors: Malenčić Djordje , Cvejić Jelena , Tepavčević Vesna , Bursać Mira , Kiprovski Biljana , Rajković Miloš 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars (Meli, Alisa, Sava and 1511/99) were grown up to V1 phase (first trifoliate and one node above unifoliate) and then inoculated with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary under controlled conditions. Changes in L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and isoflavone phytoalexins were recorded 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after the inoculation. Results showed an increase in PAL activity in all four examined soybean cultivars 48 h after the inoculation, being the highest in Alisa (2-fold higher). Different contents of total daidzein, genistein, glycitein and coumestrol were detected in all samples. Alisa and Sava increased their total isoflavone content (33.9% and 6.2% higher than control, respectively) as well as 1511/99, although 48 h after the inoculation its content decreased significantly. Meli exhibited the highest rate of coumestrol biosynthesis (72 h after the inoculation) and PAL activity (48 h after the inoculation). All investigated cultivars are invariably susceptible to this pathogen. Recorded changes could point to possible differences in mechanisms of tolerance among them.
Patterns of genetic differentiation and population history of endemic isopods (Asellidae) from ancient Lake Ohrid: combining allozyme and mtDNA data
Authors: Kilikowska Adrianna , Wysocka Anna , Burzyński Artur , Kostoski Goce , Rychlińska Joanna , Sell Jerzy 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Ancient lakes as places of extensive speciation processes have been characterized by a high degree of endemicity and biodiversity. The most outstanding European ancient lake is the oligotrophic and karstic Balkan Lake Ohrid. The lake is inhabited by a number of endemic species, but their evolutionary history is largely unresolved. in the present study, the genetic structure, gene genealogy and demographic history of the representatives of the Ohridian endemic Proasellus species were studied using both biparentally (allozyme loci) and maternally (partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene) inherited markers. Both data sets gave similar results and supported discrepancies among genetic differentiation, the current morphology-based taxonomy and bathymetric segregation. Horizontal distribution of endemic Proasellus species (Lake Ohrid vs adjacent feeder springs) within the lake presumably promote parapatric speciation whereas the main role of vertical barriers into diversification processes was not fully supported. The analyses of demographic history suggested the decline of endemic isopod populations. The radiation of endemic Proasellus populations within the lake could have started from the sublittoral/profundal zone towards the littoral or in the opposite direction — from the littoral to the profundal. Our analyses did not exclude both possibilities.
Biochemical status of in vitro regenerated Lilium bosniacum and Lilium cattaniae plantlets
Authors: Karalija Erna , Parić Adisa , Muratović Edina 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Lilium cattaniae (Vis.) Vis. and Lilium bosniacum (G. Beck) Beck ex Fritsch, endemic species of Balkan Dinaric Alps, were micropropagated from seeds collected from their natural habitats. The relationship between peroxidase activity, photosynthetic status and differentiation of Lilium cattaniae and L. bosniacum in vitro was investigated. Peroxidase activity recorded for somatic embryos of Lilium cattaniae obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 9.05 mM 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D) and 4.44 mM N6-bezyladenin (BA), was about two times higher than for any other treatment. Photosynthetic status of plantlets obtained through regeneration was explant-specific and generally higher for plantlets regenerated from basal leaf explants than from bulb explants. The accumulation of anthocyanin was detected in some regenerated shoots and more often in plantlets obtained through regeneration from bulb explants. High frequency of somatic embryo formation was recorded for L. cattaniae on MS medium containing 9.05 mM 2.4-D and 4.44 mM BA. The peroxidase activity for L. bosniacum plantlets obtained through regeneration showed treatment-specific elevations. We consider that basal leaf parts are suitable for successful regeneration of these two lilies and that elevation in peroxidase activity is a good indicator of somatic embryogenesis in both lilies.