bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of Acrylamide Intake with Circulating Levels of Sex Hormones and Prolactin in Premenopausal Japanese Women
Authors: Nagata Chisato , Konishi Kie , Tamura Takashi , Wada Keiko , Tsuji Michiko , Hayashi Makoto , Takeda Noriyuki , Yasuda Keigo 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Background: It has been hypothesized that alteration of hormone systems is involved in the carcinogenesis of acrylamide. The aim of the present study was to examine the cross-sectional associations between dietary acrylamide intake and sex hormone levels in premenopausal Japanese women.
Methods: Study subjects were 393 women who had regular menstrual cycles less than 40 days long. Acrylamide intake was assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire and was based on acrylamide concentration reported from analyses of Japanese foods. We measured the plasma concentrations of estradiol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, sex hormone–binding globulin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and prolactin.
Results: After controlling for age, the phase of the menstrual cycle, and other covariates, acrylamide intake was statistically significantly inversely associated with total and free estradiol levels and statistically significantly positively associated with follicle-stimulating hormone level. Total and free estradiol levels were 18.2% and 19.3% lower, respectively, in women in the highest quartile of acrylamide intake than in those in the lowest quartile of intake. Follicle-stimulating hormone levels were 23.5% higher in women in the highest quartile of acrylamide intake than in those in the lowest quartile of intake.
Conclusion: The data suggest that acrylamide intake may alter estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone levels.
Impact: High estradiol levels have been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Although the results need confirmation, they highlight the need to investigate the relationships among dietary acrylamide, sex hormones, and breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(1); 249–54. ©2014 AACR.
„Pokłosie”, poGrossie i kibice polskości
Authors: Forecki Piotr 
Published: October 2014

"Aftermath", after-Gross and the fans of PolishnessAftermath was released in the late 2012. Its director, Władysław Pasikowski, had previously been famous for his violent action films with strong male protagonists. He has also written some of the most sexist dialogues in the history of Polish cinema, as well as a number of lines, often obscene, which have become catchphrases and slogans present every day in the pop culture.His latest film, however, tackles a completely different issue – this thriller-cum-western tells a story that is decidedly contemporary, but nevertheless inspired by the events that took place in Jedwabne (described by Jan Tomasz Gross in his book Neighbors). Aftermath does not attempt to provide a reconstruction of the events that took place “on the margins of the Holocaust” (including Jedwabne). However, it clearly hints at the issue of the Polish contribution to the extermination of Jews and the impact of the conspiracy of silence having been broken. The film gave rise to a heated debate, which rippled through the Polish media for as long as two months after its release. This article is an attempt to analyse and interpret the words and ideas that appeared in the debate. „Pokłosie”, poGrossie i kibice polskościWraz z końcem 2012 roku odbyła się premiera filmu fabularnego Pokłosie w reżyserii Władysława Pasikowskiego. Ten bardzo popularny polski reżyser znany był dotychczas przede wszystkim z mocnych filmów sensacyjnych o twardych mężczyznach. Zasłynął także jako autor bodaj najbardziej seksistowskich dialogów w polskim kinie oraz rozmaitych i częstokroć wulgarnych kwestii wypowiadanych przez bohaterów, z których wiele do dziś funkcjonuje w popkulturze na prawach popularnych cytatów.W swoim najnowszym filmie Pasikowski sięgnął jednak po zupełnie inny temat. W konwencji thrillera z elementami westernu opowiedział historię jak najbardziej współczesną, ale w zdecydowany spósob zainspirowaną wydarzeniami w Jedwabnem, opisanymi przez Jana Tomasza Grossa w książce Sąsiedzi. Pokłosie nie stanowi jednak próby faktograficznej rekonstrukcji tego, co działo się na „obrzeżach Zagłady”, w tym również w Jedwabnem, lecz jednoznacznie dotyka problemu polskiego współudziału w zagładzie Żydów i konsekwencji związanych ze złamaniem ukonstytuowanej wokół tego faktu społecznej zmowy milczenia. Film wywołał gorącą dyskusję, która toczyła się w ogólnopolskich mediach przez niemal dwa miesiące od jego premiery. Podstawowym celem artykułu jest próba analizy oraz interpretacji słów i myśli wypowiedzianych w czasie jej trwania.
„Dzisiaj ma głos towarzysz Mauzer”. Rewolucyjna strategia literacka Majakowskiego
Authors: Stańczyk Xawery 
Published: October 2014

‘You have the floor, Comrade Mauser’. Literature and engagement: Mayakovsky’s revolutionary poetry as a case studyThe Russian futurist poet Vladimir Mayakovsky was criticised not only by conservative or moderate critics and writers, but also by Bolshevik ideologists and activists. While moderate authors criticised Mayakovsky’s engagement in the communist movement and worried about the waste of his genius, the left-wing writers refused him the place among proletarians due to his improper social background. The article shows the similarities between these two strands of criticism and analyses why communist party was so hostile to the avant-garde revolutionary poetry.The aim of this text was to investigate why engaged literature is regarded as insincere, unnatural and inappropriate, and to analyse the relations between the poet’s words and their specific performative power, the revolutionary abuse and the utopian vision of new world. „Dzisiaj ma głos towarzysz Mauzer”. Rewolucyjna strategia literacka MajakowskiegoWłodzimierz Majakowski, rosyjski poeta futurystyczny, krytykowany był nie tylko przez krytyków i pisarzy o poglądach konserwatywnych lub umiarkowanych, lecz również przez ideologów oraz aktywistów bolszewickich. Autorzy o poglądach umiarkowanych wyrażali dezaprobatę wobec zaangażowania Majakowskiego w ruch komunistyczny i obawiali się, że geniusz się marnuje. Z kolei lewicowo nastawieni pisarze odmawiali Majakowskiemu miejsca pośród proletariuszy w związku z jego nieodpowiednim pochodzeniem. Niniejszy artykuł pokazuje podobieństwa łączące oba rodzaje krytyki, zawiera również próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, dlaczego partia komunistyczna wykazywała tak daleko idącą wrogość w stosunku do awangardowej poezji rewolucyjnej.Celem artykułu było znalezienie odpowiedzi na pytanie, dlaczego literaturę zaangażowaną odbiera się jako nieszczerą, nieprzyzwoitą i nienaturalną, jak też przeanalizowanie relacji pomiędzy słowami poety, ich szczególną mocą performatywną, rewolucyjnym nadużyciem oraz utopijną wizją nowego świata.
Ale światy są tendencyjne
Authors: Fiedotow Agata 
Published: October 2014

But... These worlds are tendentious The article focuses on the term tendentious novel and its special use in the Polish literary theory: the context of socialist realist novels. Taking into consideration Louis Althusser’s concept of ideology and Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of pure and impure taste, the article calls into question the idea of tendentiousness in discourse, and categorizing novels as “strongly saturated with ideology” and therefore labelling them as “tendentious”. The inspiration to write this paper was the perception of socialist realism in Poland, with particular reference to Stalinist novels, whose forgotten senses and unknown but universal metaphoric systems are presented by the author. Ale światy są tendencyjneAutorka opisuje znaczenie pojęcia „powieści tendencyjnej”, jak również jego szczególne użycie w polskiej teorii literatury w kontekście powieści socrealistycznej. W odniesieniu do koncepcji ideologii Louisa Althussera oraz teorii gustu czystego/nieczystego Pierre’a Bourdieu autorka kwestionuje ideę „tendencyjności” w dyskursie, a co za tym idzie, stawia pod znakiem zapytania również zasadność określania powieści „mocno nasyconych ideologią” mianem „tendencyjnych”. Inspiracją do napisania artykułu był odbiór w Polsce realizmu socjalistycznego, a w szczególności powieści czasu stalinizmu, których zapomniany sens oraz uniwersalną metaforykę autorka przedstawia w niniejszej pracy.
Rozmowa z Nadą Prlją
Authors: Waślicka Zofia , Prlja Nada 
Published: October 2014

An interview with Nada Prlja Nada Prlja is an artist who works in the public space and tackles the issues of social inequalities and exclusion. During the 7th Berlin Biennale for Contemporary Art, she built a Peace Wall across Friedrichstrasse and thus she blocked the passage between the northern part of the street, which is a tourist attraction, and where expensive shops and restaurants are located; and its southern part, which is inhabited mainly by immigrants, who live in council flats. Nada Prjla tried to visualise the symbolic divide between the rich and the poor part of the street by putting the wall up, whose name alludes to the peace walls that split Protestants and Catholics in Northern Ireland. Rozmowa z Nadą PrljąNada Prlja to artystka działająca w przestrzeni publicznej, podejmująca kwestie nierówności społecznych i wykluczenia. W ramach 7. Berlińskiego Biennale Sztuki Współczesnej w 2012 roku Prlja zbudowała Peace Wall (‘Mur Pokoju’) w poprzek jezdni na Friedrichstrasse w Berlinie. Zablokowała w ten sposób ruch między turystyczną, północną częścią tej ulicy z eleganckimi restauracjami i sklepami a jej południową częścią, gdzie znajduje się zamieszkane głównie przez imigrantów osiedle budynków socjalnych. Nada Prlja postanowiła uwidocznić tę symboliczną granicę między bogatą a biedną częścią ulicy i ustawiła tam mur. Jego nazwa nawiązuje do „murów pokoju” (peace walls) oddzielających od siebie protestantów i katolików w Irlandii Północnej.
Niebiali, niemężczyźni i inni nieprawdziwi obywatele. O reprodukcji społecznych nierówności w książce Karen Brodkin „How Jews Became White Folks and What That Says about Race in America”
Authors: Pasieka Agnieszka 
Published: October 2014

Non-whites, non-males and other non-genuine citizens. The reproduction of social inequalities as seen in Karen Brodkin’s 'How Jews Became White Folks and What That Says about America'The article offers a review of Karen Brodkin’s How Jews Became White Folks and What That Says about America. Brodkin analyses the social and political transformations in America and puts the analysis in the context of her own autobiography. The first issue that Brodkin investigates are the processes that led to the change in the social status of Jews and other immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe in the 20th century. Second, Brodkin tries to understand her own origins, as well as different life styles and ways of perceiving the Jewish identity present in her family. Beside the analysis itself, Brodkin also offers many interesting remarks on the construction of racial and ethnic categories, discrimination, and the interactions between the ethnic, class and gender aspects of one’s identity. Niebiali, niemężczyźni i inni nieprawdziwi obywatele. O reprodukcji społecznych nierówności w książce Karen Brodkin „How Jews Became White Folks and What That Says about Race in America”Artykuł ten stanowi recenzję książki amerykańskiej antropolożki Karen Brodkin, zatytułowanej How Jews Became White Folks and What That Says about Race in America (‘Jak Żydzi stali się białymi i co mówi to o zjawisku rasy w Ameryce’), która łączy analizę przemian społeczno-politycznych w Stanach Zjednoczonych z autobiograficznym studium własnych doświadczeń autorki. Tym samym Brodkin podejmuje dwa zasadnicze problemy. Pierwszym z nich jest próba zrozumienia procesów, które doprowadziły do zmiany statusu społecznego Żydów oraz innych imigrantów ze wschodniej i południowej Europy w dwudziestowiecznej Ameryce. Drugą analizowaną kwestią jest próba zrozumienia przez autorkę jej własnego pochodzenia, sytuacji rodzinnej, obowiązujących w jej rodzinie rożnych modeli życia i rożnych sposobów postrzegania tożsamości żydowskiej. Podejmując wymienione zagadnienia, Brodkin oferuje szereg cennych refleksji dotyczących konstrukcji kategorii rasowych i etnicznych, zjawiska dyskryminacji oraz relacji pomiędzy tożsamością etniczną, klasową i genderową.
Electrophysical and structure-sensitive properties of liquid Ga–In alloys
Authors: Plevachuk Yuriy , Sklyarchuk Vasyl , Shevchenko Natalia , Eckert Sven 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The broad interest in the thermophysical properties of gallium-based melts is stimulated by their extensive use in various applications, such as sliding contacts, heat-sensitive elements of liquid-metal thermometers and thermocouples, carrier liquid for conducting magnetic fluids and the working medium for physical modeling in solidification and magnetohydrodynamic studies. The electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, viscosity, density and thermoelectric power were determined for different alloy compositions in a wide temperature range below and above the liquidus. Respective scaling relations are proposed. A comparison with data available in literature is given.
‘Sometimes you need to think outside their boxes’: An Examination of the Voice of Black Minority Ethnic Women in Post-Devolution Scotland
Authors: Casserly Josephine 
Published: October 2014

This article explores the voice of black minority ethnic (BME) women in devolved Scotland. Particular attention is given to examining multicultural policies and devolved political processes and how these impact on the position of BME women in the political life of Scotland. The study is based on secondary analysis of existing survey and focus group data, and primary data drawn from qualitative interviews conducted with a sample of respondents from political and non-governmental organisations. Drawing on feminist theories of multiculturalism, culture is perceived as dynamic and contested and the research depicts BME women as agents engaged in shaping Scotland and their own cultures. The findings show that devolution has created a political opportunity structure more favourable to the voices of BME women. However, this voice remains quiet and is limited by barriers within and outside of BME communities. The research also highlights the role of third sector organisations in enabling the voice of BME women. The author concludes by arguing that successive devolved governments’ promotion of multiculturalism in Scotland has benefited BME women but with important limitations.
Effectiveness of teaching International Caries Detection and Assessment System II and its e-learning program to freshman dental students on occlusal caries detection
Authors: El-Damanhoury Hatem M. , Fakhruddin Kausar Sadia , Awad Manal A. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the feasibility of teaching International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) II and its e-learning program as tools for occlusal caries detection to freshmen dental students in comparison to dental graduates with 2 years of experience. Materials and Methods: Eighty-four freshmen and 32 dental graduates examined occlusal surfaces of molars/premolars (n = 72) after a lecture and a hands-on workshop. The same procedure was repeated after 1 month following the training with ICDAS II e-learning program. Validation of ICDAS II codes was done histologically. Intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of ICDAS II severity scores were assessed before and after e-learning using (Fleiss's kappa). Results: The kappa values showed inter-examiner reproducibility ranged from 0.53 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 1) to 0.70 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 3) by undergraduates and 0.69 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 1) to 0.95 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 3) by graduates. The inter-examiner reproducibility ranged from 0.64 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 1) to 0.89 (ICDAS II code cut off ≥ 3). No statistically significant difference was found between both groups in intra-examiner agreements for assessing ICDAS II codes. A high statistically significant difference (P ≤ 0.01) in correct identification of codes 1, 2, and 4 from before to after e-learning were observed in both groups. The bias indices for the undergraduate group were higher than those of the graduate group. Conclusions: Early exposure of students to ICDAS II is a valuable method of teaching caries detection and its e-learning program significantly improves their caries diagnostic skills.
Highly Solvent‐Resistant Polystyrene Based on Uniform Tetraamide Units
Authors: Vakees E. , Suresh J. , Kayalvizhi M. , Nagarajan S. , Arun A. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTIn this article, segmented multiblock copolymers are synthesized using monodispersed tetraamide (T6T6T or T6A6T dimethyl) as hard segments and hydroxy‐terminated polystyrene (PSt) with a low molecular weight of 2500 g/mol as a soft segment. The soft segment length was varied from 2500 to 11,000 g/mol using dimethylterephthalate as a chain extender. The copolymers are characterized by inherent viscosity measurements, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), water absorption, and solvent resistivity. The inherent viscosity increases with increasing soft segment length. Depending on the amide concentration in the copolymers, the hard segment melting temperature ranged between 248 and 287°C. From the FTIR, DSC, and wide angle X‐ray diffraction results, it is concluded that the hard segments in the copolymer are crystallized completely. All the polymers showed single‐stage decomposition temperature centered around 430°C. The solvent resistivity of these materials is extremely very high even at a low concentration of amide content (7%).
Axial‐chirale BODIPY‐DYEmers: eine offensichtliche Ausnahme für die Exciton‐Chiralitäts‐Methode
Authors: Bruhn Torsten , Pescitelli Gennaro , Jurinovich Sandro , Schaumlöffel Anu , Witterauf Franziska , Ahrens Johannes , Bröring Martin , Bringmann Gerhard 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDie Exciton‐Chiralitäts‐Methode (ECM) ist bekannt als einer der besten Ansätze zur Bestimmung der Absolutkonfiguration von Biarylen. Hier wird die erste echte Ausnahme für ein einfaches Biarylsystem beschrieben. Durch eine Kombination von ECD‐ und VCD‐Messungen mit DFT‐ (B3LYP/6‐311G*), TDDFT‐ (CAM‐B3LYP/6‐311G*) und “Coupled‐Cluster”‐Rechnungen (RI‐SCS‐CC2) wurden die Absolutkonfigurationen von BODIPY‐DYEmers mit Chiralitätsachse bestimmt. Für das 1,1′‐verknüpfte Dimer sagt die ECM das falsche Vorzeichen für das CD‐Couplet bei 500 nm voraus. Dieses ungewöhnliche Verhalten kann mit dem starken magnetischen Übergangsdipolmoment der Anregung bei 500 nm erklärt werden, das zu einer unerwarteten Dominanz der μm‐ gegenüber der μμ‐Kopplung führt. Damit sind diese Dimere der erste Fall, in dem eine starke μm‐Kopplung die Verwendung der ECM verhindert. Dieses Verhalten sollte nicht auf den BODIPY‐Chromophor beschränkt sein.
Rapid Autoxidation Forms Highly Oxidized RO2 Radicals in the Atmosphere
Authors: Jokinen Tuija , Sipilä Mikko , Richters Stefanie , Kerminen Veli‐Matti , Paasonen Pauli , Stratmann Frank , Worsnop Douglas , Kulmala Markku , Ehn Mikael , Herrmann Hartmut , Berndt Torsten 
Published: October 2014

AbstractGas‐phase oxidation routes of biogenic emissions, mainly isoprene and monoterpenes, in the atmosphere are still the subject of intensive research with special attention being paid to the formation of aerosol constituents. This laboratory study shows that the most abundant monoterpenes (limonene and α‐pinene) form highly oxidized RO2 radicals with up to 12 O atoms, along with related closed‐shell products, within a few seconds after the initial attack of ozone or OH radicals. The overall process, an intramolecular ROO→QOOH reaction and subsequent O2 addition generating a next R′OO radical, is similar to the well‐known autoxidation processes in the liquid phase (QOOH stands for a hydroperoxyalkyl radical). Field measurements show the relevance of this process to atmospheric chemistry. Thus, the well‐known reaction principle of autoxidation is also applicable to the atmospheric gas‐phase oxidation of hydrocarbons leading to extremely low‐volatility products which contribute to organic aerosol mass and hence influence the aerosol–cloud–climate system.
Effect of solvents on photophysical properties and quenching of 2‐{[3‐(1H‐benzimidazole‐2‐yl) phenyl] carbonoimidoyl}phenol
Authors: Suman G. R. , Bubbly S. G. , Gudennavar S. B. , Thipperudrappa J. , Roopashree B. , Gayathri V. , Nanje Gowda N. M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe effect of solvents of varying polarity on the absorption and fluorescence emission of the Schiff base, 2‐{[3‐(1H‐benzimidazole‐2‐yl) phenyl]carbonoimidoyl}phenol, was studied using Lippert‐Mataga bulk polarity function, Reichardt's microscopic solvent polarity parameter and Kamlet's multiple linear regression approach. The spectral properties follow Reichardt's microscopic solvent polarity parameter better than Lippert‐Mataga bulk polarity parameter, indicating the presence of both general solute–solvent interactions and specific interactions. Catalan's multiple linear regression approach indicates the major role of solvent polarizability/dipolarity influence compared with solvent acidity or basicity. The solvatochromic effect was utilized to calculate the dipole moments of ground and excited states of the Schiff base using different methods. Bathochromic shift in the emission spectrum and the increase in dipole moment in the excited state signifies the intramolecular charge transfer character in the emitting singlet state. Fluorescence quenching by aniline was also studied in 1,4‐dioxane and n‐butanol, and the results were analyzed using sphere of action static quenching and finite sink approximation models. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discriminating Halogen‐Bonding from Other Noncovalent Interactions by a Combined NOE NMR/DFT Approach
Authors: Ciancaleoni Gianluca , Bertani Roberta , Rocchigiani Luca , Sgarbossa Paolo , Zuccaccia Cristiano , Macchioni Alceo 
Published: October 2014

AbstractHerein a combined NOE NMR/DFT methodology to discriminate between adducts held together by halogen bonding (XB) and other noncovalent interactions (non‐XB, such as lone pair/π), based on the determination of the XB donors′ and acceptors′ relative orientation, is proposed. In particular, 19F,1H HOESY NMR spectroscopy experiments and DFT calculations on different XB donors, such as perfluorohexyl iodide (I1), iodopentafluorobenzene (I2) and bromopentafluorobenzene (Br), combined with different Lewis bases, such as 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) and 2,4,6‐trimethylpyridine (Me3Py), were performed. The results clearly show that in the case DABCO/I1 the XB adduct is practically the only one present in solution, whereas for the other pairs a certain amount of non‐XB adduct is present. Combining DFT and HOESY results, the amount of non‐XB adducts can be roughly quantified under our experimental conditions as 4 % for DABCO/I2, between 10 and 20 % for Me3Py/I1 and Me3Py/I2, and 44 % for DABCO/Br.
Metal‐Free CN‐ and NN‐Bond Formation: Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazoles from Ketones, N‐Tosylhydrazines, and Amines in One Pot
Authors: Chen Zhengkai , Yan Qiangqiang , Liu Zhanxiang , Zhang Yuhong 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA novel synthetic approach toward 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles by CN‐ and NN‐bond formation has been established under transition‐metal‐free conditions. Complete control of the regioselectivity was successfully achieved. Commercially available anilines, ketones, and N‐tosylhydrazine were treated with molecular iodine in one pot to allow the regioselective generation of 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles in high yields without the use of azides.