bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoaggregates of Simple Mn Porphyrin Complexes as Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Hydrocarbons
Authors: Rezaeifard Abdolreza , Soltani Vahideh , Jafarpour Maasoumeh 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA stable suspension of simple manganese(III) meso‐tetraphenylporphyrin nanoaggregates was prepared by a host–guest procedure, in which ethanol and water are used as “green” solvents. The organic nanoparticles were studied by dynamic light scattering (DLS), AFM, and UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results indicate that the nanoaggregates have a spherical morphology with sizes between 15–40 nm. The epoxidation of olefins and oxygenation of saturated hydrocarbons by PhI(OAc)2 were efficiently enhanced with excellent selectivity under the influence of simple Mn(TPP)OAc (TPP = meso‐tetraphenylporphyrin) nanoparticles. Enhanced stabilities and activities were achieved with nanostructured Mn catalysts compared to those of the individual counterparts in solution according to turnover numbers and UV/Vis studies. The title nanocatalyst facilitates a greener reaction because the reaction solvent is a water/ethanol mixture and PhI(OAc)2 is safe to use. The efficiency of the oxidation system depends critically upon the steric hindrances and electronic structures of both nitrogen donor ligands and porphyrin nanoparticles.
Integration of Spin‐Coated Nanoparticulate‐Based La0.6Sr0.4CoO3–δ Cathodes into Micro‐Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Membranes
Authors: Evans A. , Benel C. , Darbandi A. J. , Hahn H. , Martynczuk J. , Gauckler L. J. , Prestat M. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThin cathodes for micro‐solid oxide fuel cells (micro‐SOFCs) are fabricated by spin‐coating a suspension of La0.6Sr0.4CoO3–δ (LSC) nanoparticulates obtained by salt‐assisted spray pyrolysis. The resulting 250 nm thin LSC layers exhibit a three‐dimensional porous microstructure with a grain size of around 45 nm and can be integrated onto free‐standing 3 mol.% yttria‐stabilized‐zirconia (3YSZ) electrolyte membranes with high survival rates. Weakly buckled micro‐SOFC membranes enable a homogeneous distribution of the LSC dispersion on the electrolyte, whereas the steep slopes of strongly buckled membranes do not allow for a perfect LSC coverage. A micro‐SOFC membrane consisting of an LSC cathode on a weakly buckled 3YSZ electrolyte and a sputtered Pt anode has an open‐circuit voltage of 1.05 V and delivers a maximum power density of 12 mW cm–2 at 500 °C.
Next‐generation‐sequencing‐based risk stratification and identification of new genes involved in structural and sequence variations in near haploid lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Chen Cai , Bartenhagen Christoph , Gombert Michael , Okpanyi Vera , Binder Vera , Röttgers Silja , Bradtke Jutta , Teigler‐Schlegel Andrea , Harbott Jochen , Ginzel Sebastian , Thiele Ralf , Fischer Ute , Dugas Martin , Hu Jianda , Borkhardt Arndt 
Published: March 2013

AbstractNear haploidy (23–29 chromosomes) is a numerical cytogenetic aberration in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) associated with particularly poor outcome. In contrast, high hyperdiploidy (51–67 chromosomes) has a favorable prognosis. Correct classification and appropriate risk stratification of near haploidy is frequently hampered by the presence of apparently high hyperdiploid clones that arise by endoreduplication of the original near haploid clone. We evaluated next‐generation‐sequencing (NGS) to distinguish between “high hyperdiploid” leukemic clones of near haploid and true high hyperdiploid origin. Five high hyperdiploid ALL cases and the “high hyperdiploid” cell line MHH‐CALL‐2, derived from a near haploid clone, were tested for uniparental isodisomy. NGS showed that all disomic chromosomes of MHH‐CALL‐2, but none of the patients, were of uniparental origin, thus reliably discriminating these subtypes. Whole‐exome‐ and whole‐genome‐sequencing of MHH‐CALL‐2 revealed homozygous non‐synonymous coding mutations predicted to be deleterious for the protein function of 63 genes, among them known cancer‐associated genes, such as FANCA, NF1, TCF7L2, CARD11, EP400, histone demethylases, and transferases (KDM6B, KDM1A, PRDM11). Only eight of these were also, but heterozygously, mutated in the high hyperdiploid patients. Structural variations in MHH‐CALL‐2 include a homozygous deletion (MTAP/CDKN2A/CDKN2B/ANRIL), a homozygous inversion (NCKAP5), and an unbalanced translocation (FAM189A1). Together, the sequence variations provide MHH‐CALL‐2 with capabilities typically acquired during cancer development, e.g., loss of cell cycle control, enhanced proliferation, lack of DNA repair, cell death evasion, and disturbance of epigenetic gene regulation. Poorer prognosis of near haploid ALL most likely results from full penetrance of a large array of detrimental homozygous mutations. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Identification of PPAP2B as a novel recurrent translocation partner gene of HMGA2 in lipomas
Authors: Bianchini Laurence , Birtwisle Loïc , Saâda Esma , Bazin Audrey , Long Elodie , Roussel Jean‐François , Michiels Jean‐François , Forest Fabien , Dani Christian , Myklebost Ola , Birtwisle‐Peyrottes Isabelle , Pedeutour Florence 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMost lipomas are characterized by translocations involving the HMGA2 gene in 12q14.3. These rearrangements lead to the fusion of HMGA2 with an ectopic sequence from the translocation chromosome partner. Only five fusion partners of HMGA2 have been identified in lipomas so far. The identification of novel fusion partners of HMGA2 is important not only for diagnosis in soft tissue tumors but also because these genes might have an oncogenic role in other tumors. We observed that t(1;12)(p32;q14) was the second most frequent translocation in our series of lipomas after t(3;12)(q28;q14.3). We detected overexpression of HMGA2 mRNA and protein in all t(1;12)(p32;q14) lipomas. We used a fluorescence in situ hybridization‐based positional cloning strategy to characterize the 1p32 breakpoint. In 11 cases, we identified PPAP2B, a member of the lipid phosphate phosphatases family as the 1p32 target gene. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analysis followed by nucleotide sequencing of the fusion transcript indicated that HMGA2 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) fused with exon 6 of PPAP2B in one case. In other t(1;12) cases, the breakpoint was extragenic, located in the 3′region flanking PPAP2B 3′UTR. Moreover, in one case showing a t(1;6)(p32;p21) we observed a rearrangement of PPAP2B and HMGA1, which suggests that HMGA1 might also be a fusion partner for PPAP2B. Our results also revealed that adipocytic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue was associated with a significant decrease in PPAP2B mRNA expression suggesting that PPAP2B might play a role in adipogenesis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Seawater recharge into oceanic crust: IODP Exp 327 Site U1363 Grizzly Bare outcrop
Authors: Wheat C. Geoffrey , Hulme Samuel M. , Fisher Andrew T. , Orcutt Beth N. , Becker Keir 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSystematic differences in sediment thermal and pore water chemical profiles from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1363 document mixing and reaction within the basaltic crust adjacent to Grizzly Bare outcrop, a site of hydrothermal recharge into 3.6 My‐old basaltic crust. A transect of seven holes was drilled ~50 m to ~750 m away from the base of the outcrop. Temperatures at the sediment‐basement interface increase from ~6°C to >30°C with increasing distance from the outcrop, and heat flow is suppressed within several hundred meters from the outcrop. Calculated fluid compositions at the sediment‐basement interface are generally explained by mixing between bottom seawater and altered crustal basement fluids, with a composition similar but not identical to fluids from seeps at Baby Bare outcrop, located ~45 km to the northeast. Reactions within upper basement and overlying sediment affect a variety of ions (Mn, Fe, Mo, Si, PO43‐, V, and U) and δ13DIC, indicating a diagenetic influence and diffusive exchange with overlying sediment pore waters. The apparent 14C age of basal pore fluids is much older than bottom seawater. Collectively, these results are consistent with seawater recharge at Grizzly Bare outcrop; however, there are strong gradients in fluid composition within 50 m of the outcrop, providing evidence for complex flow paths and vigorous mixing of young, recently recharged seawater with much older, more reacted basement fluid. The proximity of these altered fluids to the edge of the outcrop raises the possibility for fluid seepage from the outcrop in addition to seawater recharge.
Randomized controlled study of the T‐type calcium channel antagonist MK‐8998 for the treatment of acute psychosis in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Egan Michael F. , Zhao Xin , Smith Andrew , Troyer Matthew D. , Uebele Victor N. , Pidkorytov Valerii , Cox Kevin , Murphy Michael , Snavely Duane , Lines Christopher , Michelson David 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate whether the T‐type calcium channel antagonist MK‐8998 was effective in treating acute psychosis in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsThis was a randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group study. After a placebo lead‐in, acutely psychotic inpatients with schizophrenia were randomized to 4 weeks of MK‐8998 12/16 mg daily (N = 86), olanzapine 10/15 mg daily (N = 47), or placebo (N = 83). The primary efficacy measure was score on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).ResultsOut of 216 randomized patients, 158 completed the 4‐week study: MK‐8998 = 58 (67.4%), olanzapine = 38 (80.9%), and placebo = 62 (74.7%). The mean changes from baseline in PANSS score at week 4 for MK‐8998 and olanzapine were not significantly different from placebo: MK‐8998–placebo difference = −0.6 [95% confidence interval (CI): −7.0, 5.8], p = 0.9; olanzapine–placebo difference = −4.3 [95% CI: −11.7, 3.1), p = 0.3. A responder rate analysis (≥20% improvement from baseline in PANSS score) suggested an advantage of olanzapine over placebo (odds ratio = 2.20 [95% CI: 0.95, 5.09], p = 0.07) but no effect of MK‐8998 over placebo (odds ratio = 1.28 [95% CI: 0.62, 2.64], p = 0.5). Treatments were generally well tolerated, but more patients reported adverse events for MK‐8998 (47.7%) and olanzapine (48.9%) than placebo (37.3%).ConclusionsMK‐8998 was not effective in treating acutely psychotic inpatients with schizophrenia, as measured by PANSS score at week 4. Because of the limited efficacy of the active comparator, we cannot exclude the possibility that T‐type calcium channel antagonists could prove to be effective in schizophrenia. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Movement disorders in patients with schizophrenia and a history of substance abuse
Authors: Hansen Lars K. , Nausheen Bina , Hart Deborah , Kingdon David 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveThe movement disorders acute dystonia, akathisia, Parkinsonian symptoms and tardive dyskinesia [extrapyramidal side effects (EPSs)] are recognized adverse effects of antipsychotic medication. Previous studies have indicated that substance abuse in patients with schizophrenia can worsen EPS. This study therefore investigated the relationship between drug and alcohol use and EPS in a group of patients with schizophrenia.MethodsSeventy patients with schizophrenia assessed for drug and alcohol use, global functioning, EPS and suicidality. Chlorpromazine equivalents were correlated to levels of EPS and substance abuse.ResultsCurrent EPS were found in 65% of the sample despite three‐quarters of the patients receiving second‐generation antipsychotics. An even higher level of patients, 87%, was found to have a history of EPS. A long history of schizophrenia independently predicted presence of any EPS, particularly akathisia, controlling for history of substance abuse which was a non‐significant predictor.ConclusionsHistory or current use of alcohol or drug abuse did not predict EPS, except for alcohol abuse at the time of diagnosis which was associated with current akathisia. Length of illness was correlated with EPS, whereas suicidality was not linked to akathisia. Neither chlorpromazine equivalent antipsychotic dose nor whether the patient received first‐generation or second‐generation antipsychotic medication was significantly associated with EPS or substance abuse. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation, characterization, and biological properties of organic–inorganic nanocomposite coatings on titanium substrates prepared by sol–gel
Authors: Catauro Michelina , Bollino Flavia , Papale Ferdinando 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWhen surface‐reactive (bioactive) coatings are applied to medical implants by means of the sol–gel dip‐coating technique, the biological proprieties of the surface of the implant can be locally modified to match the properties of the surrounding tissues to provide a firm fixation of the implant. The aim of this study has been to synthesize, via sol–gel, organoinorganic nanoporous materials and to dip‐coat a substrate to use in dental applications. Different systems have been prepared consisting of an inorganic zirconium‐based matrix, in which a biodegradable polymer, the poly‐ε‐caprolactone was incorporated in different percentages. The materials synthesized by the sol–gel process, before gelation, when they were still in sol phase, have been used to coat a titanium grade 4 (Ti‐4) substrate to change its surface biological properties. Thin films have been obtained by means of the dip‐coating technique. A microstructural analysis of the obtained coatings was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The biological proprieties have been investigated by means of tests in vitro. The bone‐bonding capability of the nanocomposite films has been evaluated by examining the appearance of apatite on their surface when plunged in a simulated body fluid (SBF) with ion concentrations nearly equal to those of human blood plasma. The examination of apatite formation on the nanocomposites, after immersion in SBF, has been carried out by SEM equipped with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. To evaluate cells–materials interaction, human osteosarcoma cell line (Saos‐2) has been seeded on specimens and cell vitality evaluated by WST‐8 assay. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 392–399, 2014.
Quantitative zonal differentiation of articular cartilage by microscopic magnetic resonance imaging, polarized light microscopy, and Fourier‐transform infrared imaging
Authors: Lee JI Hyun , Xia Yang 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to synchronize the zonal differentiation of the full‐thickness articular cartilage by three micro‐imaging techniques, namely microscopic magnetic resonance imaging (µMRI), polarized light microscopy (PLM), and Fourier‐transform infrared imaging (FTIRI). Eighteen cartilage‐bone blocks from three canine humeral joints were imaged by: (a) µMRI T2 relaxation at 0° and 55° orientations in a 7 T magnetic field, (b) PLM optical retardation and azimuthal angle, and (c) FTIRI amide I and amide II anisotropies at 0° and 90° polarizations relative to the articular surface. In addition, µMRI T1 relaxation was imaged before and after the tissue being immersed in gadolinium (contrast agent) solution, to calculate the proteoglycan concentration. A set of previously established criteria in cartilage imaging was revised. The new criteria could simultaneously correlate the thicknesses of the three consecutive subtissue zones in articular cartilage among these imaging techniques. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:625–632, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of torrefaction for the pretreatment of rice straw for ethanol production
Authors: Sheikh Md Mominul Islam , Kim Chul‐Hwan , Park Hyeon‐Jin , Kim Sung‐Ho , Kim Gyeong‐Chul , Lee Ji‐Young , Sim Sung‐Woong , Kim Jae Won 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDRice straw is an attractive lignocellulosic material for ethanol production, since it is one of the most abundant renewable resources. It generally has high cellulose and hemicellulose contents that can be readily hydrolysed into sugars for subsequent ethanol fermentation. The pretreatment method plays an important role in increasing the efficiency of enzymatic saccharification, thereby making the whole process economically viable. Torrefaction is an appropriate pretreatment technique for enhancing the enzymatic reaction and subsequent ethanol production.RESULTSThe effects of two important parameters, i.e. residence time (20, 40 and 60 min) and temperature (160, 180, 200, 220, 240 and 260 °C), were studied under an inert atmosphere. The highest yield of 351 ± 5.49 mg g−1 total sugars was obtained after torrefaction treatment at 220 °C for 40 min, representing a 60.68% increase compared with the untreated sample. Based on ethanol studies conducted on rice straw, this estimated quantity of sugars could produce 150 ± 2.40 mg g−1 ethanol, a 50.67% increase compared with the untreated sample under anaerobic conditions. The fermentation rate was enhanced by adding 0.4 mmol L−1 benzoic acid.CONCLUSIONThe use of this waste material could reduce competition with food materials for ethanol production. It can be considered as an alternative sustainable waste management option. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Carbon Depletion by Plowing and its Restoration by No‐Till Cropping Systems in Oxisols of Subtropical and Tropical Agro‐Ecoregions in Brazil
Authors: de Moraes Sá João Carlos , Séguy Lucien , Tivet Florent , Lal Rattan , Bouzinac Serge , Borszowskei Paulo Rogério , Briedis Clever , dos Santos Josiane Burkner , da Cruz Hartman Daiani , Bertoloni Clayton Giani , Rosa Jadir , Friedrich Theodor 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe continuous use of plowing for grain production has been the principal cause of soil degradation. This project was formulated on the hypothesis that the intensification of cropping systems by increasing biomass‐C input and its biodiversity under no‐till (NT) drives soil restoration of degraded agro‐ecosystem. The present study conducted at subtropical [Ponta Grossa (PG) site] and tropical regions [Lucas do Rio Verde, MT (LRV) site] in Brazil aimed to (i) assess the impact of the continuous plow‐based conventional tillage (CT) on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock vis‐à‐vis native vegetation (NV) as baseline; (ii) compare SOC balance among CT, NT cropping systems, and NV; and (iii) evaluate the redistribution of SOC stock in soil profile in relation to soil resilience. The continuous CT decreased the SOC stock by 0·58 and 0·67 Mg C ha−1 y−1 in the 0‐ to 20‐cm depth at the PG and LRV sites, respectively, and the rate of SOC sequestration was 0·59 for the PG site and ranged from 0·48 to 1·30 Mg C ha−1 y−1 for the LRV site. The fraction of C input by crop residues converted into SOC stock was ~14·2% at the PG site and ~20·5% at the LRV site. The SOC resilience index ranged from 0·29 to 0·79, and it increased with the increase in the C input among the NT systems and the SOC sequestration rates at the LRV site. These data support the hypothesis that NT cropping systems with high C input have a large potential to reverse the process of soil degradation and SOC decline. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ethnic‐specific WRN mutations in South Asian Werner syndrome patients: potential founder effect in patients with Indian or Pakistani ancestry
Authors: Saha Bidisha , Lessel Davor , Nampoothiri Sheela , Rao Anuradha S. , Hisama Fuki M. , Peter Dincy , Bennett Chris , Nürnberg Gudrun , Nürnberg Peter , Martin George M. , Kubisch Christian , Oshima Junko 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWerner syndrome (WS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by multiple features consistent with accelerated aging. It is caused by mutations in the WRN gene, which encodes a RecQ type helicase. To date, more than 70 disease‐causing mutations have been reported. While founder mutations and a corresponding relatively high incidence of WS have been reported in Japan and Sardinia, such mutations have not been previously described among patients of South Asian descent. Here, we report two novel WRN mutations in three pedigrees. A homozygous c.561A>G mutation in exon 6 was identified both in a pedigree from Kerala, India and in a British patient of Pakistani ancestry. Although c.561A>G does not alter the corresponding amino acid (p.Lys187), it creates a cryptic splice site resulting in a 98 bp deletion at the mRNA level (r.557_654del98) followed by a frameshift (p.Lys187Trpfs*13). These two cases shared the same haplotype across the WRN gene, and were distinct from another Indian Werner patient with a homozygous stop codon mutation, c.2855 C > A (p.Ser952*), in exon 24. As the Indian population increases and the awareness of WS grows, we anticipate that more cases will be identified with these founder mutations among South Asian WS patients.
Design of the small low‐pass filter by utilizing the slotted‐ground‐plane resonator
Authors: Wang Chien‐Jen , Wang Wan‐Ti 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn this article, a new design for the compact low‐pass filter (LPF) with a wide rejection band is presented by utilizing the slotted‐ground‐plane (SGP) structure. A modified‐π slot is etched in the ground plane to excite three different resonant modes. A wide rectangular stub, which overlaps the connection slots, connects to the microstrip transmission line. This technique significantly enhances the rejection characteristics. A reversed‐C slot is embedded inside the modified‐π slot to lower the initial resonant frequency of the LPF. In particular, two shorted quarter‐wavelength branch slots are used to generate two transmission zeros such that the high‐frequency rejection performance can improve. An equivalent resistor, inductor, capacitor (RLC) circuit is proposed to model the introduced LPF and corresponding RLC parameters are extracted. A fabricated filter rejects the signals at the frequencies from 1.97 to 12.0 GHz with more that −20‐dB suppression. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:1287–1291, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27595
The Movement and Exchange of Dogs in the Prehistoric Caribbean: An Isotopic Investigation
Authors: Laffoon J. E. , Plomp E. , Davies G. R. , Hoogland M. L. P. , Hofman C. L. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis study explores the feasibility of using strontium isotope (87Sr/86Sr) analyses of enamel from domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) to investigate networks of exchange in the prehistoric Circum‐Caribbean. Dog teeth were obtained from burial and domestic contexts from two prehistoric sites (Anse à la Gourde and Morel) on Grande‐Terre, Guadeloupe (Lesser Antilles). Strontium isotope results were compared with local biosphere 87Sr/86Sr data at the scale of the site, island and archipelago. The isotope results indicate both local and nonlocal origins with three dogs (30%) identified as nonlocal (one from Anse à la Gourde and two from Morel). The variance in 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the nonlocal dog teeth is consistent with diverse multiple origins external to the island of Grande‐Terre but consistent with origins from other islands of the Lesser Antilles. The diverse origins of the nonlocal dog samples indicate that the prehistoric circulation of dogs occurred at multiple scales from regional to long distance. Significantly, the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of some of the dog teeth are comparable with values of nonlocal humans at Anse à la Gourde determined in previous studies. It is possible that these comparable 87Sr/86Sr ratios result from similar natal origins, for example if individuals were migrating to Guadeloupe with dogs. The results of this study contribute to an ongoing regional investigation of the economic, social and political roles of animals and animal remains and the multiscalar networks of prehistoric mobility and exchange in the Circum‐Caribbean region. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.