bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spirituality in bedlam: Exploring patient conversations on acute psychiatric units
Authors: Smith Sharon , Suto Melinda J. 
Published: February 2014

Background. Spirituality is a complex yet vital aspect of care on acute psychiatric units. Occupational therapists play a role in engaging their clients regarding spirituality as a resource for recovery. Purpose. This manuscript reports on Part 1 of a research study that explored the experience of spiritual conversations for patients (Part 1) and mental health professionals (Part 2) on acute psychiatric units. Method. Community-based participatory research framed the project philosophically and relationally, and interpretive description defined the data collection, data analysis, and dissemination methods. Findings. Seven inpatients on acute psychiatric units participated in interviews or focus groups. Authentic spiritual conversation that was not associated with mental illness symptoms proved difficult to initiate on inpatient psychiatric units. Participants desired direct questioning and the provision of optional spiritual resources. Implications. Therapists can make a range of spirituality educational resources available for clients. They can also advocate for clients’ spiritual needs in the acute context.
Manually Locating Physical and Virtual Reality Objects
Authors: Chen Karen B. , Kimmel Ryan A. , Bartholomew Aaron , Ponto Kevin , Gleicher Michael L. , Radwin Robert G. 
Published: February 2014

Objective: In this study, we compared how users locate physical and equivalent three-dimensional images of virtual objects in a cave automatic virtual environment (CAVE) using the hand to examine how human performance (accuracy, time, and approach) is affected by object size, location, and distance. Background: Virtual reality (VR) offers the promise to flexibly simulate arbitrary environments for studying human performance. Previously, VR researchers primarily considered differences between virtual and physical distance estimation rather than reaching for close-up objects. Method: Fourteen participants completed manual targeting tasks that involved reaching for corners on equivalent physical and virtual boxes of three different sizes. Predicted errors were calculated from a geometric model based on user interpupillary distance, eye location, distance from the eyes to the projector screen, and object. Results: Users were 1.64 times less accurate ( p < .001) and spent 1.49 times more time ( p = .01) targeting virtual versus physical box corners using the hands. Predicted virtual targeting errors were on average 1.53 times ( p < .05) greater than the observed errors for farther virtual targets but not significantly different for close-up virtual targets. Conclusion: Target size, location, and distance, in addition to binocular disparity, affected virtual object targeting inaccuracy. Observed virtual box inaccuracy was less than predicted for farther locations, suggesting possible influence of cues other than binocular vision. Application: Human physical interaction with objects in VR for simulation, training, and prototyping involving reaching and manually handling virtual objects in a CAVE are more accurate than predicted when locating farther objects.
Venous Hemodynamic Insufficiency Severity Score variation after endovascular treatment of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency
Authors: Scalise Filippo , Novelli Eugenio , Farina Massimiliano , Barbato Luciano , Spagnolo Salvatore 
Published: February 2014

Introduction Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a vascular condition characterized by anomalies of the internal jugular veins (IJVs) and/or azygos veins with disturbed flow and formation of collateral venous channels. The presence of CCSVI has been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). Percutaneous venous angioplasty (PVA) has been proposed to improve extracranial outflow; however, a non-invasive, post-procedural follow-up outcome measure has not been established. Aim of the study To evaluate the short-term hemodynamic follow-up of CCSVI after PVA using color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and to investigate whether hemodynamic variation correlated with clinical variation. Materials and methods Forty-five patients affected by MS with confirmed CCSVI underwent IJVs PVA. Venous hemodynamic (VH) parameters indicative of CCSVI and the Venous Hemodynamic Insufficiency Severity Score (VHISS) were evaluated by CDU at baseline and 3 months post-PVA. Concurrently, the MS-related disability status (EDSS) was evaluated. Results The VH parameters and VHISS 3 months after IJVs PVA significantly decreased: the VH parameters −32.1% and the VHISS −33.8% ( p < 0.001). The EDSS score 3 months after IJVs PVA was significantly lower than the baseline (−5.5%, p < 0.001). Using the median value of the VHISS variation as the cut-off, we were able to identify two groups of patients: responders, group A; and non-responders, group B. The EDSS score variation at 3 months was 0.310 in group A and 0.275 in group B ( p = 0.746). Conclusions CCSVI endovascular treatment can induce an improvement in VH parameters and the VHISS. The neurological disability score (EDSS) also improved after PVA; however, there was no correlation to the VHISS variation after PVA, MS type and duration.
Effects of Knee Extension Constraint Training on Knee Flexion Angle and Peak Impact Ground-Reaction Force
Authors: Liu Hui , Wu Will , Yao Wanxiang , Spang Jeffrey T. , Creighton R. Alexander , Garrett William E. , Yu Bing 
Published: February 2014

Background: Low compliance with training programs is likely to be one of the major reasons for inconsistency of the data regarding the effectiveness of current anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention programs. Training methods that reduce training time and cost could favorably influence the effectiveness of ACL injury prevention programs. A newly designed knee extension constraint training device may serve this purpose. Hypothesis: (1) Knee extension constraint training for 4 weeks would significantly increase the knee flexion angle at the time of peak impact posterior ground-reaction force and decrease peak impact ground-reaction forces during landing of a stop-jump task and a side-cutting task, and (2) the training effects would be retained 4 weeks after completion of the training program. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Twenty-four recreational athletes were randomly assigned to group A or B. Participants in group A played sports without wearing a knee extension constraint device for 4 weeks and then played sports while wearing the device for 4 weeks, while participants in group B underwent a reversed protocol. Both groups were tested at the beginning of week 1 and at the ends of weeks 4 and 8 without wearing the device. Knee joint angles were obtained from 3-dimensional videographic data, while ground-reaction forces were measured simultaneously using force plates. Analyses of variance were performed to determine the training effects and the retention of training effects. Results: Participants in group A significantly increased knee flexion angles and decreased ground-reaction forces at the end of week 8 ( P ≤ .012). Participants in group B significantly increased knee flexion angles and decreased ground-reaction forces at the ends of weeks 4 and 8 ( P ≤ .007). However, participants in group B decreased knee flexion angles and increased ground-reaction forces at the end of week 8 in comparison with the end of week 4 ( P ≤ .009). Conclusion: Knee extension constraint training for 4 weeks significantly altered lower extremity movement patterns and transferred these changes in lower extremity movement patterns to stop-jump and side-cutting tasks in which ACL injuries frequently occur. Training effects were retained 4 weeks after the training was completed but were diminished in magnitude. Clinical Relevance: A knee extension constraint device may be a useful training tool in future ACL injury prevention programs to alter movement patterns without extra training time.
Survival and Reoperation Rates After Meniscal Allograft Transplantation
Authors: McCormick Frank , Harris Joshua D. , Abrams Geoffrey D. , Hussey Kristen E. , Wilson Hillary , Frank Rachel , Gupta Anil K. , Bach Bernard R. , Cole Brian J. 
Published: February 2014

Background: Meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) is a treatment option for knee pain in young patients with meniscal deficiency in the setting of intact articular surfaces, ligamentous stability, and normal alignment. It is being performed with increasing frequency, and the need for reoperations is not uncommon. A mean survival rate of allografts and indications for reoperations would be helpful information when counseling patients regarding the procedure. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to quantify survival for MAT and report findings at reoperation. The hypothesis was that the reoperation rate would be frequent and that the most common secondary surgery would be arthroscopic debridement. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A retrospective review of a prospectively collected database of patients who underwent MAT from 2003 to 2011 was conducted; all surgeries were performed by a single surgeon. The reoperation rate, timing of reoperation, procedure performed at reoperation, and findings at surgery, including the status of the meniscal and articular cartilage, were reviewed. Survival was defined as a lack of revision MAT or knee arthroplasty. Descriptive statistics, log-rank testing, cross-tabulation, and χ2 testing were analyzed, with an α value of .05 set as significant. Results: Of 200 patients who underwent MAT during the study period, 172 patients (86%; mean age, 34.3 ± 10.3 years) were evaluated at a mean of 59 months (range, 24-118 months) with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Forty-one percent of MATs were isolated, while 60% were performed with concomitant procedures. Sixty-four patients (32%) returned to the operating room after their index procedure. Arthroscopic debridement was performed in 59% (38/64) of these patients. The mean time to subsequent surgery was 21 months (range, 2-107 months), with 73% occurring within 2 years. Eight of 172 patients (4.7%) went on to require revision MAT or total knee replacement. Patients requiring secondary surgery within 2 years had an odds ratio of 8.4 (95% CI, 1.6-43.4) for future arthroplasty or MAT revision ( P = .007). Conclusion: In this series, there was a 32% reoperation rate for MAT, with simple arthroscopic debridement being the most common surgical treatment (59%), and a 95% allograft survival rate at a mean of 5 years. Those requiring additional surgery still benefited, having an 88% allograft survival rate, but were at an increased risk of failure. Patients requiring secondary surgery within 2 years had an odds ratio of 8.4 for future arthroplasty or MAT revision.
Pharmacists Who Screen and Discuss Opioid Misuse With Patients
Authors: Cochran Gerald , Field Craig , Lawson Kenneth 
Published: February 2014

Background: Prescription opioid (PO) abuse has reached epidemic proportions in the United States, and pharmacies are locations from which these medications are often diverted. This study identifies factors associated with pharmacists who currently screen and discuss PO misuse with patients. Methods: A secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional Web-based survey that was sent to pharmacists was conducted. The survey contained items that assessed whether pharmacists currently screened and discussed PO misuse with patients along with pharmacists’ attitudes and beliefs toward providing brief interventions. Multivariable models were developed which identified factors associated with pharmacists’ currently screening and discussing misuse. Results: Chain setting pharmacists (odds ratio [OR] = 6.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-32.72) and pharmacists interested in being directly involved in PO screening and brief intervention research projects (OR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.35-3.15) were most likely to report current screening. Pharmacists who reported currently screening for misuse (OR = 4.27, 95% CI = 2.83-6.45) and who reported wanting to help patients who misuse POs (OR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.50-6.15) were most likely to currently discuss abuse. Conclusions: Investigators implementing pharmacy-based screening and brief intervention studies for POs should take into account practice location and pharmacists’ interest in addressing PO issues.
Pharmacogenetics in the Community Pharmacy
Authors: Kisor David F. , Bright David R. , Conaway Megan , Bouts Bruce A. , Gerschutz Gregory P. 
Published: February 2014

Introduction: Although antiplatelet therapy is a mainstay of post–percutaneous coronary intervention therapy, pharmacogenetic (PGt) considerations of therapy are often ignored despite related Food and Drug Administration warnings. Pharmacists are well situated to provide PGt guidance, and the community pharmacy is one setting where PGt testing, interpretation, and recommendations can take place to ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes. Case Report: A 65-year-old man who had a myocardial infarction that was treated with PCI and stent placement was determined by a community pharmacist to be a candidate for PGt testing to ensure optimal antiplatelet therapy. The patient was seen in the pharmacy as a part of a medication therapy management encounter and underwent genetic testing. Results of the genetic testing indicated the need for modification of therapy. The community pharmacist interpreted the results and made the appropriate recommendation to the cardiologist who in turn modified antiplatelet therapy appropriately. Conclusion: This case describes the potential for collaboration between pharmacists and physicians to optimize antiplatelet therapy through PGt testing. Points of consideration for others looking to implement related PGt services are also discussed.
Assessment of a Three-Grade Classification of Complications in Total Ankle Replacement
Authors: Gadd Richard J. , Barwick Thomas W. , Paling Ellen , Davies Mark B. , Blundell Chris M. 
Published: February 2014

Background: Prompted by the success of hip and knee arthroplasty, total ankle replacement (TAR) has become increasingly popular as a treatment for end stage arthritis of the ankle. A 3-grade classification of complications to assist in prediction of early implant failure has been proposed. We have compared the experience of a tertiary referral center in the United Kingdom to the proposed system. Methods: A retrospective review of the Sheffield Foot and Ankle Unit TAR database was performed from 1995 to 2010. All complications were recorded and categorized using Glazebrook et al’s proposed system of increasing severity. Low-grade complications including postoperative bone fracture, intraoperative bone fracture, and wound healing problems rarely lead to revision. Medium-grade complications, technical error and subsidence, lead to failure <50% of the time. High-grade complications—deep infection, aseptic loosening, and implant failure—lead to revision >50% of the time. In our center, 217 TAR were implanted in 198 patients with a minimum follow-up of 30 months. Results: The complication rate was 23%, with a revision rate of 17%. All complications recorded in our study except intraoperative bone fracture and wound healing had a failure rate of at least 50%. Conclusion: Unfortunately most complications associated with TAR have a significant impact on the life span of a TAR. Glazebrook et al’s proposed 3-tier system did not reliably reflect our experience. Hence, we would categorize complications as either high or low risk for early failure of TAR. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Executive and Organizational Coaching
Authors: Maltbia Terrence E. , Marsick Victoria J. , Ghosh Rajashi 
Published: February 2014

The Problem Differing perceptions of what constitutes executive coaching core competencies by academic and coach preparation programs, credentialing associations, and practitioners obfuscates clarity of definition, roles, and implementation. This lack of clarity and agreement can confuse practitioners and slow progress in theory-building, research, and executive coach development. The Solution This article examines diverse ways that executive coaching is defined and distinguished. Professional associations have shaped membership, credentialing, and accreditation based on different competencies. The article describes four executive coaching roles and six enabling core coaching competencies, and it draws implications for navigating, researching, and practicing in the diverse terrain of executive coaching, in and for, organizations. The Stakeholders Practitioners might be interested in a map of the coaching terrain that Enables them to better choose among possible avenues toward coach preparation and professionalization. Researchers and theory builders might be interested in definitions and competency models to guide further investigation into coaching.
Web-based hypothermia information: a critical assessment of Internet resources and a comparison to peer-reviewed literature
Authors: Spencer Jeremy M , Sheridan Scott C 
Published: February 2014

Aims: Hypothermia is a medical condition characterized by a drop in core body temperature, and it is a considerable source of winter weather-related vulnerability in mid-/high-latitude areas. Heat vulnerability research, including assessments of internet-based resources, is more thoroughly represented in the peer-reviewed literature than cold-related vulnerability research. This study was undertaken to summarize available web-based hypothermia information, and then determine its scientific validity compared to the peer-reviewed literature. Methods: This research takes a similar approach used by Hajat et al. for web-based heat vulnerability research, and utilizes this framework to assess hypothermia information found on the internet. Hypothermia-related search terms were used to obtain websites containing hypothermia information, and PubMed (medical literature search engine) and Google Scholar were used to identify peer-reviewed hypothermia literature. The internet information was aggregated into categories (vulnerable populations, symptoms, prevention), which were then compared to the hypothermia literature to determine the scientific validity of the web-based guidance. The internet information was assigned a Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) grade (developed by the American Academy of Family Practitioners) of A, B, or C based on the peer-reviewed evidence. Results: Overall, 25 different pieces of guidance within the three categories were identified on 49 websites. Guidance concerning hypothermia symptoms most frequently appeared on websites, with six symptoms appearing on 50% or greater of websites. No piece of guidance within the vulnerable population categories appeared on greater than 60% of the websites, and prevention-related guidance was characterized by varied SORT grades. Conclusions: Hypothermia information on the internet was not entirely congruent with the information within the peer-reviewed medical literature. Several suggestions for improving web-based hypothermia resources include clearly listing sources for users to see and eliminating guidance with lower SORT grades and replacing with evidence-based information.
Comparative Study of the Routine Daily Usability of FoodLog
Authors: Aizawa Kiyoharu , Maeda Kazuki , Ogawa Makoto , Sato Yohei , Kasamatsu Mayumi , Waki Kayo , Takimoto Hidemi 
Published: February 2014

Background: The health care field is focusing considerable attention on dietary control, which requires that individuals record what they eat. We have developed a novel smartphone application called FoodLog, a multimedia food recording tool that allows users to take photos of their meals and to produce textual food records. Unlike conventional smartphone-based food recording tools, FoodLog allows users to employ meal photos to help them to input textual descriptions based on image retrieval. In this study, we conducted usability experiments to evaluate the routine daily use of FoodLog systems with and without image-based assistance. Methods: We produced 2 food recording tools: FoodLog with image-based assistance (FL-I) and FoodLog with text input only (FL-T). We recruited 18 university students (age = 18-24 years), all of whom performed food recording for the first time. The participants used FoodLog on a daily basis for 1 month. Results: In the subjective evaluation, FL-I had higher average scores for questions related to ease of use, fun, frequency of browsing, and intention to continue. In particular, the latter 3 factors received significantly higher scores with FL-I than with FL-T. In the quantitative evaluation, the daily average number of meal events and food records did not differ significantly between FL-I and FL-T. A detailed analysis of the individual records showed that 1 participant produced 3 times as many records using FL-I compared with FL-T. Conclusions: The subjective assessment showed that our new tool, which fully exploits the use of images, is a promising method for food recording.
Eccentric and Isometric Hip Adduction Strength in Male Soccer Players With and Without Adductor-Related Groin Pain
Authors: Thorborg Kristian , Branci Sonia , Nielsen Martin Peter , Tang Lars , Nielsen Michael Bachmann , Hölmich Per 
Published: February 2014

Background: Adductor-related pain is the most common clinical finding in soccer players with groin pain and can be a long-standing problem affecting physical function and performance. Hip adductor weakness has been suggested to be associated with this clinical entity, although it has never been investigated. Purpose: To investigate whether isometric and eccentric hip strength are decreased in soccer players with adductor-related groin pain compared with asymptomatic soccer controls. The hypothesis was that players with adductor-related groin pain would have lower isometric and eccentric hip adduction strength than players without adductor-related groin pain. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Male elite and subelite players from 40 teams were contacted. In total, 28 soccer players with adductor-related groin pain and 16 soccer players without adductor-related groin pain (asymptomatic controls) were included in the study. In primary analysis, the dominant legs of 21 soccer players with adductor-related groin pain (≥4 weeks duration) were compared with the dominant legs of 16 asymptomatic controls using a cross-sectional design. The mean age of the symptomatic players was 24.5 ± 2.5 years, and the mean age of the asymptomatic controls was 22.9 ± 2.4 years. Isometric hip strength (adduction, abduction, and flexion) and eccentric hip strength (adduction) were assessed with a handheld dynamometer using reliable test procedures and a blinded assessor. Results: Eccentric hip adduction strength was lower in soccer players with adductor-related groin pain in the dominant leg (n = 21) compared with asymptomatic controls (n = 16), namely 2.47 ± 0.49 versus 3.12 ± 0.43 N·m/kg, respectively ( P < .001). No other hip strength differences were observed between symptomatic players and asymptomatic controls for the dominant leg ( P = .35-.84). Conclusion: Large eccentric hip adduction strength deficits were found in soccer players with adductor-related groin pain compared with asymptomatic soccer players, while no isometric strength differences were observed between the groups.
CLEC-2 is required for development and maintenance of lymph nodes
Authors: Bénézech Cécile , Nayar Saba , Finney Brenda A. , Withers David R. , Lowe Kate , Desanti Guillaume E. , Marriott Clare L. , Watson Steve P. , Caamaño Jorge H. , Buckley Christopher D. , Barone Francesca 
Published: February 2014

Key Points
CLEC-2 is necessary for lymphatic cell proliferation and lymph node anlage persistence after birth. Lack of CLEC-2 expression on megakaryocytes and platelets compromises lymph node integrity in adult life.