bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathways to mental health care in Italy: Results from a multicenter study
Authors: Volpe Umberto , Fiorillo Andrea , Luciano Mario , Del Vecchio Valeria , Palumbo Claudia , Calò Salvatore , Piras Sara , Signorelli Maria , Filippo Dario , Piselli Massimiliano , De Fazio Pasquale , Gotelli Simona , Bardicchia Francesco , Cerveri Giancarlo , Ferrari Silvia , Mulè Alice , Ribolsi Michele , Sampogna Gaia , De Rosa Corrado , Sartorius Norman 
Published: September 2013

Background and aims: In Italy, the reform of the mental health system in 1978 should have drastically changed the provision of care and pathways of patients seeking to obtain it. The aim of this article is to examine the current pathways to psychiatric care in Italy. Methods: We used a method developed in the World Health Organization international collaborative studies to investigate pathways to care in 15 Italian mental health centers. We recruited 420 patients with a psychiatric illness and explored the care pathways they took to reach to psychiatric services and the delays from the onset of illness to reaching psychiatric care. Results: The majority of patients (33.8%) had direct access to mental health care, whereas the others arrived to a specialist in psychiatry through general hospitals (20.3%), general practitioners (33.0%) or private practitioners (9.8%). The main diagnosis for referral was neurotic disorder (36.6%), followed by affective disorder (35.4%) and psychotic disorder (11.5%). The delay from onset of illness to psychiatric care was greater for patients with psychotic disorders than for those with affective and neurotic disorders. The most frequently prescribed treatments were pharmacotherapy (56%), psychological support (8%), and psychotherapy (7.0%); 15% of the patients received no treatment. Conclusions: Our multicenter study shows that although general practitioners and hospital doctors are still the main referral point for mental health care, a greater proportion of patients are first seen in private settings or directly reach mental health centers, compared to previous surveys conducted in Italy. However, a stronger collaboration of psychiatrists with general practitioners and psychologists is still needed.
Implementation of a Culturally Tailored Diabetes Intervention With Community Health Workers in American Samoa
Authors: DePue Judith D. , Rosen Rochelle K. , Seiden Andrew , Bereolos Nicole , Chima Marian L. , Goldstein Michael G. , Nu’usolia Ofeira , Tuitele John , McGarvey Stephen T. 
Published: September 2013

Purpose The purpose of this article is to answer key implementation questions from our translation research with a primary care–based, nurse–community health worker (CHW) team intervention to support type 2 diabetes self-management. Methods Descriptive data are given on intervention delivery, CHW visit content, patient safety, and intervention costs, along with statistical analyses to examine participant characteristics of higher attendance at visits. Results In the intervention sample (n = 104), 74% (SD = 16%) of planned intervention visits occurred, guided by an algorithm-based protocol. Higher risk participants had a significantly lower dose of their weekly assigned visits (66%) than those at moderate (74%) and lower risk (90%). Twenty-eight percent of participants moved to a lower risk group over the year. Estimated intervention cost was $656 per person. Participants with less education were more likely to attend optimal percentage of visits. Conclusions A nurse-CHW team can deliver a culturally adapted diabetes self-management support intervention with excellent fidelity to the algorithm-based protocols. The team accommodated participants’ needs by meeting them whenever and wherever they could. This study provides an example of adaptation of an evidence-based model to the Samoan cultural context and its resource-poor setting.
Single dose ivabradine versus intravenous metoprolol for heart rate reduction before coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in patients receiving long-term calcium channel-blocker therapy
Authors: Celik O , Atasoy MM , Ertürk M , Yalçın AA , Aksu HU , Diker M , Aktürk İF , Atasoy I 
Published: September 2013

Background In patients with contraindication for beta-blockers who are also under long-term calcium channel-blocker therapy for any reason, ivabradine may be used as an alternative treatment to achieve the target heart rate. Purpose To assess whether single dose oral ivabradine in patients referred for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is safe and can significantly decrease heart rate compared to intravenous (i.v.) metoprolol in patients receiving long-term calcium channel-blocker therapy. Material and Methods One-hundred and twenty patients who were under calcium channel-blocker therapy referred for CCTA were randomized to premedication with single dose (15 mg) ivabradine ( n = 63) or i.v. metoprolol (5–10 mg) ( n = 62). Hearth rate (HR) was assessed at admission (HR1), prescan (HR2), and during CCTA scan (HR3) for all patients. Blood pressure (BP) was measured before medication (BP1) and immediately before CCTA scan (BP2). Results Although the HR averages of two groups were not significantly different before medication (HRIv1 = 80 ± 7 bpm vs. HRβ1 = 81 ± 7 bpm; P = 0.42), significant HR reduction was observed in the ivabradine group (HRIv3 = 62 ± 7 bpm) when compared to the metoprolol group (HRβ3 = 66 ± 6 bpm; P = 0.001). Decreases in HR forivabradine (18 ± 6 bpm) was significantly higher than for metoprolol (15 ± 4 bpm; P = 0.003) without relevant side-effects. Ivabradine showed no significant effect on either systolic BP or diastolic BP (siBPIv1, 139 ± 10; siBPIv2, 138 ± 10; P = 0.260; diBPIv1, 81 ± 7; diBPIv2, 81 ± 6; P = 0.59). Nevertheless, metoprolol group demonstrated significant reduction in both SiBP and DiBP (siBPβ1, 136 ± 11; siBPβ2 130 ± 11; P < 0.001; diBPβ1, 81 ± 6; diBPβ2, 78 ± 6; P < 0.001). Conclusion Single dose ivabradine is safe and significantly more effective than i.v. metoprolol in decreasing HR in patients under calcium channel-blocker therapy.
Fast in situ enzymatic gelation of PPO-PEO block copolymer for injectable intraocular lens in vivo
Authors: Lee Hanna , Oh Han Jin , Yoon Kyung Chul , Tae Giyoong , Kim Young Ha 
Published: September 2013

Foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs) have been utilized to substitute natural lens of cataract patients. In this study, we developed a fast, in situ gelable hydrogel requiring no toxic agent as an injectable IOL material. A 4-armed PPO/PEO-phenol conjugate by a non-degradable linker was synthesized to form a hydrogel in situ by horseradish peroxidase. The gelation time and modulus could be controlled, ranging from 20 s to 2 min and from 1 to 43 kPa. The adhesion of human lens epithelial cells on the hydrogel was significantly reduced compared to that on commercial IOLs. The hydrogels were injected into the rabbit eyes to evaluate the in vivo biocompatibility for 8 weeks. Corneal endothelial cell loss and central corneal thickness were comparable with the common IOL implantation procedure. Histologically, the cornea and retina showed the intact structure. The change of refraction after application of pilocarpine was +0.42 D preoperatively and +0.83 D postoperatively, which may indicate the maintenance of accommodation amplitude.
The Nature of Sustainability as Viewed by European Students
Authors: Lockley John , Jarrath Martin 
Published: September 2013

Sustainability as a concept, though well understood in general terms, is often politically captured by interest groups and as such expressed through issues like concern for global climate change or the need to develop more efficient energy sources, to address regional, national or international priorities. Education for sustainability as a concept similarly is generally becoming well understood; however, it is expressed in different ways by different educational communities. This research investigates a conceptual framework for the nature of sustainability to describe the way students and teachers from five European countries express their ideas of sustainability. The results indicate that despite the diversity of education systems and the range of nationally important issues of sustainability identified by the participants from five significantly different European countries (from Eastern and Western, Northern, Central and Southern Europe), there exists a common understanding of the nature of sustainability that can be expressed through a conceptual framework. The framework, based on a matrix of sustainability aspects (ecological, social, cultural and economic) and concepts (equity, interdependence and personal responsibility for action), allowed dialogue to occur to such a large extent that the nearly 200 participants agreed to a common resolution for future action on living more sustainably, applicable across the five countries.
Serological testing for celiac disease in adults
Authors: Schyum Astrid Collatz , Rumessen Jüri Johannes 
Published: September 2013

Background and aimWe present a systematic review on the performance of currently available methods for serological diagnosis of celiac disease (CD) and the role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing.ObjectiveA literature survey was conducted using PubMed, MeSH database, Web of Science as well as manual searches.ResultsTissue transglutaminase antibodies (tTG) (IgA) (tested in nine studies) show sensitivities and specificities in the range of 0.76–0.968 and 0.909–0.98, and deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) (IgA and IgG) (tested in eight studies) show sensitivities and specificities in the range of 0.69–0.984 and 0.903–1. Endomysial antibodies (EMA) (tested in five studies) show sensitivities and specificities in the range of 0.61–0.937 and 0.98–1, respectively. Combination assays (tested in three studies) using DGP + tTG and DGP (IgA + IgG) show sensitivities and specificities in the range of 0.87–1 and 0.8–1, respectively. HLA DQ2/DQ8 may be necessary for the development of CD—HLA DQ2 in particular. A possible close correlation may also exist between CD and HLA‐G.ConclusionDGP and tTG for serological testing for CD show equivalent diagnostic performance. More studies with, in particular, DGP alone and in combination with tTG are necessary before a firm recommendation can be made. HLA typing to exclude CD may still be controversial. It still seems premature to diagnose celiac disease in adults based on serology alone.
Fructose transporters GLUT5 and GLUT2 expression in adult patients with fructose intolerance
Authors: Wilder-Smith Clive H , Li Xinhua , Ho Sherry SY , Leong Sai Mun , Wong Reuben K , Koay Evelyn SC , Ferraris Ronaldo P 
Published: September 2013

BackgroundGastrointestinal symptoms and malabsorption following fructose ingestion (fructose intolerance) are common in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID). The underlying mechanism is unclear, but is hypothesized to be related an abnormality of intestinal fructose transporter proteins.ObjectiveTo assess the expression of the main intestinal fructose transporter proteins, glucose transport protein 5 (GLUT5) and 2 (GLUT2), in FGID.MethodsThe expression of GLUT5 and GLUT2 protein and mRNA in small intestinal biopsy tissue was investigated using real‐time reverse‐transcription PCR and Western immunoblotting in 11 adults with FGID and fructose intolerance ascertained by breath testing and in 15 controls.ResultsMedian expression levels of GLUT5 mRNA normalized to beta‐actin were 0.18 (interquartile range, IQR, 0.13–0.21) in patients and 0.17 (IQR 0.12–0.19) in controls (p  > 0.05). Respective levels of GLUT2 mRNA were 0.26 (IQR 0.20–0.31) and 0.26 (IQR 0.19–0.31) (p  > 0.05). Median expression levels of GLUT5 protein normalized to alpha‐tubulin were 0.95 (IQR 0.52–1.68) in patients and 0.95 (IQR 0.59–1.15) in controls (p  > 0.05). Respective protein expression levels for GLUT2 were 1.56 (IQR 1.06–2.14) and 1.35 (IQR 0.96–1.79) (p  > 0.05).ConclusionsHuman fructose intolerance may not be associated with marked changes in GLUT5 and GLUT2 expression. Replication of these results in a larger subject group, including measures of transporter activation and membrane and subcellular localization, is warranted.
Vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease: pathophysiology and novel targeted therapies
Authors: Manwani Deepa , Frenette Paul S. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractRecurrent and unpredictable episodes of vaso-occlusion are the hallmark of sickle cell disease. Symptomatic management and prevention of these events using the fetal hemoglobin–reactivating agent hydroxyurea are currently the mainstay of treatment. Discoveries over the past 2 decades have highlighted the important contributions of various cellular and soluble participants in the vaso-occlusive cascade. The role of these elements and the opportunities for therapeutic intervention are summarized in this review.
An easy operating pathogen microarray (EOPM) platform for rapid screening of vertebrate pathogens
Authors: Huang Weiwei , Yang Yinhui , Zhang Xinlei , Zhao Changan , Yin Aihua , Zhang Xiaozhuang , He Zhengxin , Jiang Yongqiang , Zhang Liang 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
Infectious diseases emerge frequently in China, partly because of its large and highly mobile population. Therefore, a rapid and cost-effective pathogen screening method with broad coverage is required for prevention and control of infectious diseases. The availability of a large number of microbial genome sequences generated by conventional Sanger sequencing and next generation sequencing has enabled the development of a high-throughput high-density microarray platform for rapid large-scale screening of vertebrate pathogens.

Methods
An easy operating pathogen microarray (EOPM) was designed to detect almost all known pathogens and related species based on their genomic sequences. For effective identification of pathogens from EOPM data, a statistical enrichment algorithm has been proposed, and further implemented in a user-friendly web-based interface.

Results
Using multiple probes designed to specifically detect a microbial genus or species, EOPM can correctly identify known pathogens at the species or genus level in blinded testing. Despite a lower sensitivity than PCR, EOPM is sufficiently sensitive to detect the predominant pathogens causing clinical symptoms. During application in two recent clinical infectious disease outbreaks in China, EOPM successfully identified the responsible pathogens.

Conclusions
EOPM is an effective surveillance platform for infectious diseases, and can play an important role in infectious disease control.
Mediterranean dietary pattern and depression: the PREDIMED randomized trial
Authors: Sánchez-Villegas Almudena , Martínez-González Miguel Angel , Estruch Ramón , Salas-Salvadó Jordi , Corella Dolores , Covas Maria Isabel , Arós Fernando , Romaguera Dora , Gómez-Gracia Enrique , Lapetra José , Pintó Xavier , Martínez Jose Alfredo , Lamuela-Raventós Rosa María , Ros Emilio , Gea Alfredo , Wärnberg Julia , Serra-Majem Lluis 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
A few observational studies have found an inverse association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and the risk of depression. Randomized trials with an intervention based on this dietary pattern could provide the most definitive answer to the findings reported by observational studies. The aim of this study was to compare in a randomized trial the effects of two Mediterranean diets versus a low-fat diet on depression risk after at least 3 years of intervention.

Methods
This was a multicenter, randomized, primary prevention field trial of cardiovascular disease (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED Study)) based on community-dwelling men aged 55 to 80 years and women aged 60 to 80 years at high risk of cardiovascular disease (51% of them had type 2 diabetes; DM2) attending primary care centers affiliated with 11 Spanish teaching hospitals. Primary analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis. Cox regression models were used to assess the relationship between the nutritional intervention groups and the incidence of depression.

Results
We identified 224 new cases of depression during follow-up. There was an inverse association with depression for participants assigned to a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts (multivariate hazard ratio (HR) 0.78; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.55 to 1.10) compared with participants assigned to the control group, although this was not significant. However, when the analysis was restricted to participants with DM2, the magnitude of the effect of the intervention with the Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts did reach statistical significance (multivariate HR = 0.59; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.98).

Conclusions
The result suggest that a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts could exert a beneficial effect on the risk of depression in patients with DM2.

Trial registration
This trial has been registered in the Current Controlled Trials with the number ISRCTN 35739639
Host serum miR-223 is a potential new biomarker for Schistosoma japonicum infection and the response to chemotherapy
Authors: He Xing , Sai Xue , Chen Chao , Zhang Yuanbin , Xu Xindong , Zhang Dongmei , Pan Weiqing 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
Numerous studies have shown that aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression is associated with the pathogenesis and progression of various human diseases. Hence, serum miRNAs are considered to be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of human diseases. This study examined whether several miRNAs known to be commonly deregulated in liver diseases are deregulated in the serum of hosts with hepatic schistosomiasis, and thus whether they could serve as potential markers for detection of schistosome infection and evaluation of the effectiveness of chemotherapy.

Methods
We analyzed the serum levels of six selected candidate miRNA molecules (miR-146b, miR-122, miR-223, miR-199a-5p, miR-199a-3p, miR-34a) from mice, rabbits, buffalos and humans infected with Schistosoma japonicum using qPCR. We evaluated liver pathology by determining the hydroxyproline content in liver tissues. Primary resident liver cells were isolated to quantify the expression level of deregulated miRNAs. Bioinformatics analyses were also conducted to assess the potential function of miR-223.

Results
Using a mouse model of Schistosoma japonicum infection, we found that the expression level of serum miR-223 was significantly elevated after infection, but returned to near normal levels after the treatment with praziquantel (PZQ). Importantly, the level of serum miR-223 reflected the extent of liver pathology post-infection. We validated the elevated level of the circulating miR-223 in serum samples of other host species including rabbits, buffalos and humans. In addition, our results showed that miR-223 was primarily located in the Kupffer cells, but its expression levels were significantly up-regulated in hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells and Kupffer cells after infection. Bioinformatics analyses revealed a potential functional role of miR-223 in transcription regulator activity, transcription factor activity and DNA binding.

Conclusions
This study suggested that the circulating miR-223 could serve as a potential new biomarker for the detection of schistosome infection and the assessment of the response to chemotherapy.
Differential responses to genotoxic agents between induced pluripotent stem cells and tumor cell lines
Authors: Lu Yinghua , Xu Dazhong , Zhou Jing , Ma Yupo , Jiang Yongping , Zeng Wenxian , Dai Wei 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Given potential values of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells in basic biomedical research and regenerative medicine, it is important to understand how these cells regulate their genome stability in response to environmental toxins and carcinogens. The present study characterized the effect of Cr(VI), a well-known genotoxic agent and environmental carcinogen, on major molecular components of DNA damage response pathways in human iPS cells. We compared the effect of Cr(VI) on human iPS cells with two established cell lines, Tera-1 (teratoma origin) and BEAS-2B (lung epithelial origin). We also studied the effect of hydrogen peroxide and doxorubicin on modulating DNA damage responses in these cell types. We demonstrated that ATM and p53 phosphorylation is differentially regulated in human iPS cells compared with Tera-1 and BEAS-2B cells after exposure to various genotoxic agents. Moreover, we observed that inhibition of CK2, but not p38, promotes phosphorylation of p53S392 in iPS cells. Combined, our data reveal some unique features of DNA damage responses in human iPS cells.
A social network analysis on clinical education of diabetic foot
Authors: Shokoohi Mostafa , Nedjat Saharnaz , Majdzadeh Reza 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Identification of Educational Influentials (EIs) in clinical settings helps considerably to knowledge transfer among health and medical practice providers. The aim of this study was identifying EIs in diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) by medical students (clerks, interns and residents) and providing their relational pattern in this subject.

Methods
Subjects were medical students at clerk, intern and resident levels in a local educational hospital. A standard questionnaire with four domains (knowledge, communication, participation and professional ethics) was used for identifying EIs. Students introduced those people with these characteristics who referred them for DFU. Respective communication networks were drawn as intra-group (such as resident-resident) and inter-group (such as intern-resident) networks and quantitative criteria of density, in-degree and out-degree centrality and reciprocity were measured.

Results
The network density of clerks-residents (0.024) and interns-residents (0.038) were higher than clerks-attends (0.015) and interns-attends (0.05); indicating that there were more consulting interactions in former networks than the latter. Degree centrality in residents-related networks (clerks-residents = 2.3; interns-residents = 2.6) were higher than attends-related ones (clerks-attends = 1.1; interns-attends = 1.7), while they were not statistically significant. However, In-degree centralization, which indicating a degree of variance of the whole network of ingoing relationships, in attends-related networks was greater than resident-related networks.

Conclusion
Resident were consulted with almost as same as attends on DFU. It showed that residents were playing a remarkable role in knowledge transfer and they can be considered as EIs in this clinical setting. It seemed that the availability was the main reason for this key role.
BAIT: Organizing genomes and mapping rearrangements in single cells
Authors: Hills Mark , O’Neill Kieran , Falconer Ester , Brinkman Ryan , Lansdorp Peter M 
Published: September 2013

AbstractStrand-seq is a single-cell sequencing technique to finely map sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and other rearrangements. To analyze these data, we introduce BAIT, software which assigns templates and identifies and localizes SCEs. We demonstrate BAIT can refine completed reference assemblies, identifying approximately 21 Mb of incorrectly oriented fragments and placing over half (2.6 Mb) of the orphan fragments in mm10/GRCm38. BAIT also stratifies scaffold-stage assemblies, potentially accelerating the assembling and finishing of reference genomes. BAIT is available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/bait/.