bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’injonction à être soi-même : entre quête de singularité et standardisation
Authors: Le Bart Christian 
Published: February 2013

L’injonction à être soi-même constitue une norme essentielle au sein des sociétés contemporaines. Dans un contexte de relatif déclin des identités prescrites, chacun est incité à effectuer un travail identitaire spécifique afin de découvrir une supposée identité vraie. Celle-ci, véritable mythologie de notre temps, est pensée comme tout à la fois substantialisée, cachée, et singulière. D’où l’importance des expériences identitaires par lesquelles les individus tentent de s’en approcher. On s’intéressera ici plus particulièrement, à partir d’une enquête sur les fans des Beatles, à la musique en tant que support identitaire spécifique.
Instances audiovisuelles françaises et programmation : la place des études sur la représentation des minorités ethniques à la télévision
Authors: Ghosn Catherine 
Published: February 2013

Associer « représentation de la diversité ethnique » et « télévision » dans une juste mesure ne relève-t-il pas d’une impossibilité? Pour répondre à cette question, nous considérons d’abord les fondements scientifiques, souvent venus de l’étranger, qui ont déterminé la prise en compte d’objets « hors normes », différents de ceux habituellement traités en sciences sociales. En France, ces recherches restent majoritairement limitées au domaine universitaire et scientifique. Il faut attendre l’année 2000 puis l’année 2008 pour consulter les deux études menées par des chercheurs et destinées à des instances audiovisuelles. Quelles répercussions ces démarches et résultats scientifiques ont-ils concrètement sur la politique télévisuelle? Nous nous appuyons sur deux rapports rédigés par les instances audiovisuelles françaises pour évaluer dans quelles mesures ces intentions modifient effectivement le paysage audiovisuel.
L’humour dans les romans d’Alain Mabanckou et d’Azouz Begag : de l’autodérision à la singularité
Authors: Lajri Nadra 
Published: February 2013

Si l’humour est destiné à divertir et à amuser, son usage permet également de révéler un point de vue, de critiquer une situation, de se démarquer d’un discours considéré comme conformiste, réactionnaire et inacceptable, et d’interpeler le lecteur dont la complicité active est suscitée par les affirmations et les « non-dit » de l’oeuvre.
L’humour qui se déploie dans les oeuvres d’Alain Mabanckou et d’Azouz Begag est particulier à chacun des auteurs ; il constitue leur « marque » d’écriture et souligne ainsi leur singularité d’écrivain. C’est cette singularité, implicitement revendiquée, qui constitue l’ambiguïté de leur discours où sont mises en évidence à la fois une sorte d’autodérision et une autosatisfaction. C’est ce que ces réflexions tenteront de cerner à travers quelques références ponctuelles aux oeuvres des deux écrivains.
Evaluation of the BISAP Score in Predicting Severity and Prognoses of Acute Pancreatitis in Chinese Patients
Authors: Chen Lifen , Lu Guomin , Zhou Qunyan , Zhan Qiang 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The present study was to evaluate the accuracy of bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) in predicting the severity and prognoses of acute pancreatitis (AP) in Chinese patients. Clinical data for 497 patients with AP were analyzed retrospectively to compare BISAP with acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, Ranson, and computed tomography severity index scores in predicting the severity of AP and the occurrence of pancreatic necrosis, mortality, and organ failure in patients with severe AP (SAP) using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve. Of the 497 patients, 396 had mild AP and 101 had SAP. There were significant correlations between the scores of any two systems. BISAP performed similarly to other scoring systems in predicting SAP, as well as pancreatic necrosis, mortality, and organ failure in SAP patients, in terms of the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve. BISAP score is valuable in predicting the severity of AP and prognoses of SAP in Chinese patients.
Minimal Invasive Treatment of Abdominal Multiorgan Echinococcosis
Authors: Tomuş Claudiu , Zaharie Florin , Mocan Lucian , Bartoş Dana , Zaharie Roxana , Iancu Cornel , Nadim Al Hajjar 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Hydatid disease is a severe zoonosis, exerting a high economic and social impact through its numerous complications, leading to disabilities, even death. Because of technical developments, especially the increasing experience of surgeons, laparoscopic surgery has been extended so that it can be successfully applied to abdominal hydatid cysts. We present the case of a 16-year-old patient who came to our clinic for upper abdominal pain. The abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) showed 2 cyst-like tumors, with hydatid features: one affecting the eighth liver segment and the other located at the upper pole of the spleen. We performed the surgical intervention using a laparoscopic approach, with an uneventful postoperative follow-up and the patient was discharged home on postoperative day 4. The postoperative images at 6 and 12 months showed a decrease in size of the remnant cystic cavities.
Giant Hepatic Hemangioma Presenting as Gastric Outlet Obstruction
Authors: Aydin Cemalettin , Akbulut Sami , Kutluturk Koray , Kahraman Aysegul , Kayaalp Cuneyt , Yilmaz Sezai 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Hemangioma, a most frequently encountered primary benign tumor of the liver, is generally determined incidentally during the course of radiologic tests for other reasons. Most lesions are less than 3 cm and a significant proportion of patients are asymptomatic, although the size and location of the lesion in some patients may be associated with the onset of symptoms. Pressure on the stomach and duodenum of giant hemagiomas developing in the left lobe of the liver, in particular, may result in the development of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and feeling bloated, which are characteristic of a gastric outlet obstruction. A 42-year-old man presented with findings of gastric outlet obstruction and weight loss as a result of a giant hepatic hemangioma.
Management of Postoperative Complications Following Splenectomy
Authors: Qu Yikun , Ren Shiyan , Li Chunmin , Qian Songyi , Liu Peng 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Complications of post-splenectomy, especially intra-abdominal hemorrhage can be fatal, with delayed or inadequate treatment having a high mortality rate. The objective of this study was to investigate the cause, prompt diagnosis, and outcome of the fatal complications after splenectomy with a focus on early diagnosis and management of hemorrhage after splenectomy. The medical files of patients who underwent splenectomy between January 1990 and March 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. The cause, characteristics, management, and outcome in patients with post-splenectomy hemorrhage were analyzed. Fourteen of 604 patients (1.19%) undergoing splenectomy had intraperitoneal hemorrhage: reoperation was performed in 13 patients, and 3 patients died after reoperation, giving the hospital a mortality rate of 21.43%; whereas, 590 of 604 patients (98%) had no hemorrhage following splenectomy, and the mortality rate (0.34%) in this group was significantly lower (P &lt; 0.001). The complications following splenectomy, including pneumonia pancreatitis, gastric fistula, gastric flatulence, and thrombocytosis, in patients with postoperative hemorrhage were significantly higher than those without hemorrhage (P &lt; 0.001). According to the reasons for splenectomy, 14 patients with post-splenectomy hemorrhage were grouped into two groups: splenic trauma (n = 9, group I) and portal hypertension (n = 5, group II). The median interval between splenectomy and diagnosis of hemorrhage was 15.5 hours (range, 7.25–19.5 hours). No differences were found between groups I and II in terms of incidence of postoperative hemorrhage, time of hemorrhage after splenectomy, volume of hemorrhage, and mortality of hemorrhage, except transfusion. Intra-abdominal hemorrhage after splenectomy is associated with higher hospital mortality rate and complications. Early massive intraperitoneal hemorrhage is often preceded by earlier sentinel bleeding; careful clinical inquiry and ultrasonography are the mainstays of early diagnosis.
Normative Beliefs About Aggression and Cyber Aggression Among Young Adults: A Longitudinal Investigation
Authors: Wright Michelle F. , Li Yan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis longitudinal study examined normative beliefs about aggression (e.g., face‐to‐face, cyber) in relation to the engagement in cyber aggression 6 months later among 126 (69 women) young adults. Participants completed electronically administered measures assessing their normative beliefs, face‐to‐face and cyber aggression at Time 1, and cyber aggression 6 months later (Time 2). We found that men reported more cyber relational and verbal aggression when compared to women. After controlling for each other, Time 1 face‐to‐face relational aggression was positively related to Time 2 cyber relational aggression, whereas Time 1 face‐to‐face verbal aggression was positively related to Time 2 cyber verbal aggression. Normative beliefs regarding cyber aggression was positively related to both forms of cyber aggression 6 months later, after controlling for normative beliefs about face‐to‐face aggression. Furthermore, a significant two‐way interaction between Time 1 cyber relational aggression and normative beliefs about cyber relational aggression was found. Follow‐up analysis showed that Time 1 cyber relational aggression was more strongly related to Time 2 cyber relational aggression when young adults held higher normative beliefs about cyber relational aggression. A similar two‐way interaction was found for cyber verbal aggression such that the association between Time 1 and Time 2 cyber verbal aggression was stronger at higher levels of normative beliefs about cyber verbal aggression. Results are discussed in terms of the social cognitive and behavioral mechanisms associated with the engagement of cyber aggression. Aggr. Behav. 39 :161‐170, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expect the Unexpected? Variations in Question Type Elicit Cues to Deception in Joint Interviewer Contexts
Authors: Shaw Dominic J. , Vrij Aldert , Leal Sharon , Mann Samantha , Hillman Jackie , Granhag Pär Anders , Fisher Ronald P. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryWe examined the effect of (i) a second interviewer's demeanour and (ii) asking expected and unexpected questions on cues to deception. We predicted that liars compared with truth tellers would provide more detail to expected questions and less detail to unexpected questions, particularly when the second interviewer is supportive. Liars prepare answers for expected questions, and a supportive interviewer will encourage them to provide more detail. By definition, liars have not prepared answers for unexpected questions, and their answers to such questions will be less detailed. Participants (N = 168) appeared before two interviewers: The first asked all the questions, and the second remained silent. The second interviewer exhibited either a supportive or a neutral demeanour. As predicted, liars provided more detail to expected questions and less detail to unexpected questions, particularly when the second interviewer was supportive. In conclusion, a supportive second interviewer elicits cues to deceit. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quizzing in Middle‐School Science: Successful Transfer Performance on Classroom Exams
Authors: McDaniel Mark A. , Thomas Ruthann C. , Agarwal Pooja K. , McDermott Kathleen B. , Roediger Henry L. 
Published: February 2013

SummaryWe examined whether learning from quizzing arises from memorization of answers or fosters more complete understanding of the quizzed content. In middle‐school science classes, we spaced three multiple‐choice quizzes on content in a unit. In Experiment 1, the class exams included questions given on quizzes, transfer questions targeting the same content, and content that had not been quizzed (control content). The quizzing procedure was associated with significant learning benefits with large effect sizes and similar effect sizes for both transfer items and identical items. In Experiment 2, quiz questions focused on definitional information or application of the principle. Application questions increased exam performance for definitional‐type questions and for different application questions. Definition questions did not confer benefits for application questions. Test‐enhanced learning, in addition to other factors in the present quizzing protocol (repeated, spaced presentation of the content), may create deeper understanding that leads to certain types of transfer. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nongeminate Recombination and Charge Transport Limitations in Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Based Solution‐Processed Small Molecule Solar Cells
Authors: Proctor Christopher M. , Kim Chunki , Neher Dieter , Nguyen Thuc‐Quyen 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCharge transport and nongeminate recombination are investigated in two solution‐processed small molecule bulk heterojunction solar cells consisting of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)‐based donor molecules, mono‐DPP and bis‐DPP, blended with [6,6]‐phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). While the bis‐DPP system exhibits a high fill factor (62%) the mono‐DPP system suffers from pronounced voltage dependent losses, which limit both the fill factor (46%) and short circuit current. A method to determine the average charge carrier density, recombination current, and effective carrier lifetime in operating solar cells as a function of applied bias is demonstrated. These results and light intensity measurements of the current‐voltage characteristics indicate that the mono‐DPP system is severely limited by nongeminate recombination losses. Further analysis reveals that the most significant factor leading to the difference in fill factor is the comparatively poor hole transport properties in the mono‐DPP system (2 × 10−5 cm2 V−1 s−1 versus 34 × 10−5 cm2 V−1 s−1). These results suggest that future design of donor molecules for organic photovoltaics should aim to increase charge carrier mobility thereby enabling faster sweep out of charge carriers before they are lost to nongeminate recombination.
Single Pulse Laser‐Induced Phase Transitions of PLD‐Deposited Ge2Sb2Te5 Films
Authors: Lu Hongbing , Thelander Erik , Gerlach Jürgen W. , Decker Ulrich , Zhu Benpeng , Rauschenbach Bernd 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPhase transformations between amorphous and crystallized states are induced by irradiation with a single nanosecond laser pulse in Ge2Sb2Te5 films grown by pulsed laser deposition. By adjusting the laser fluence, the two different phases are obtained and can be distinguished by their different optical reflectivity. The effect of laser fluence on the crystalline nature of the films is studied in detail. Large structural differences between the laser‐irradiated and thermally annealed films are revealed, due to the high heating rate and short duration of the laser pulse. X‐ray reflectivity measurements show a density increase of 3.58% upon laser‐induced crystallization.
CH Functionalization of Enamides: Synthesis of β‐Amidovinyl Sulfones via Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Jiang Heng , Chen Xuejiao , Zhang Yan , Yu Shouyun 
Published: February 2013

AbstractA mild, practical and environmentally friendly strategy to prepare β‐amidovinyl sulfones has been developed based on the sulfonation of enamides or enecarbamates via visible‐light photoredox catalysis. Direct CH functionalizations of enamides or enecarbamates under the optimized conditions proceeded with a wide scope of substrates and remarkable selectivity to give functionalized vinyl sulfones with good to excellent yields.
Copper‐Catalyzed Decarboxylation of Aromatic Carboxylic Acids: En Route to Milder Reaction Conditions
Authors: Cahiez Gérard , Moyeux Alban , Gager Olivier , Poizat Maël 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed decarboxylation of carboxylic aromatic acids has been advantageously achieved by using aliphatic amines like tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) or hexamethylenetetraamine (HMTA) as ligands instead of the aromatic heterocyclic amines (quinoline, phenanthroline) used until now. The improvement is significant since the reaction can be performed at a lower temperature (ca. 50 °C less) and the reaction time is clearly shorter (15 min instead of 12 to 24 h).
Experimental Investigation of Polymer Pellets Melting Mechanisms in Vane Extruders
Authors: Qu Jinping , Zhang Ning , Yu Xiaopeng , Zhang Guizhen , Liu Shurong , Tan Bin , Liu Liming 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTVane extruders are novel polymer‐processing equipments, which are composed of a number of vane plasticizing and conveying units (VPCUs). With the vane extruder and the visualization VPCU device, the melting phenomenon of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) pellets under different operation conditions was investigated. It was shown that the positive displacement conveying mechanism and mandatory deformation of particles made the melting evolution in vane extruders totally different from screw extruders. The length of solid conveying and melting zone in vane extruders was much shorter, and the island‐sea melting model was formed instead of Tadmor's melting model. Plastic energy dissipation, friction energy dissipation, and viscous energy dissipation were very important sources of heat energy for polymer particles melting in vane extruders. The eccentricity of VPCU, leading to the compression and deformation of particles, was a decisive factor in polymer melting in vane extrusion. Owing to the eccentricity, mechanical energy was dissipated into heat via the deformation of HDPE particles and the thermo‐mechanical history was shortened remarkably. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2013, 32, 21336; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21336
The Synthesis of Isocyanated DOPA Derivatives for Bioadhesives Application: Part I
Authors: Kim Kyoung Won , Chung Dong June 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTBioadhesives or surgical adhesives are an attractive and alternative material for suturing or stapling. The fibrin‐based and cyanoacrylate adhesives are mostly used nowadays, but they still have some problems that are difficult to solve. The urethane‐based adhesive has been considered as the most promising material because they are biocompatible and able to react with the amine groups of proteins on the living tissues. Its curing is, however, not satisfactory due to the aliphatic isocyanates used for its biocompatibility. Therefore, in this work, l‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (l‐DOPA) as a third component from mussel's adhesive proteins was introduced to the urethane prepolymer to enhance the adhesive ability through a series of chemical reactions such as esterification, amidation, and handling of protection groups. Demethylation with two different experimental conditions was also evaluated. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2013, 32, 21338; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21338
Maleimide Containing UV‐Cured Hybrid Coatings
Authors: Oktay Burcu , Kayaman‐Apohan Nilhan 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTIn this work, new organic–inorganic hybrid coatings were prepared by the sol–gel method. N‐p‐hydroxyphenyl maleimide was synthesized and then modified with 3‐isocyanato propyltriethoxysilane to obtain a new alkoxysilane monomer. Poly(dimethyl siloxane (PDMS) based on the urethane acrylate oligomer was synthesized using hydroxyl‐terminated PDMS, isophorone diisocyanate, and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate. This oligomer was synthesized to increase the hydrophobicity of coatings. Hybrid formulations were applied onto polycarbonate plates and irradiated with UV light. Coatings’ performance was investigated with thermal, mechanical, morphologic, and antibacterial analyses. It is observed that the thermal stability of UV‐cured films is improved with the incorporation of the sol–gel precursor. It is shown that the nanosilver addition to hybrid coatings leads to significant enhancements in antibacterial property in vitro. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2013, 32, 21341; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21341
Effect of pour point on wax deposition under static cooling conditions
Authors: Wang Pengyu , Wang Wei , Gong Jing , Zhou Yuanxin , Yang Wei , Zhang Yu 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTWith the production of offshore oil and gas, wax deposition in multiphase crude pipelines has become a critical item for flow assurance. The emulsion pour point had a close relationship with the water cut of production liquid and made a significant effect on wax deposition. The investigation of the effects of water cut, pour point, and deposition enduring time on the wax deposition amount and the deposit components was conducted with static cold finger facilities. It was suggested that the effects of molecular diffusion and gelling on deposit thickness in oil–water emulsion are closely related to emulsion pour point. At a constant temperature, the function of molecular diffusion plays a leading role when it is at a low water cut and pour point. Otherwise, the function of gelling plays a leading role. This investigation offered a reference for the development of models for predicting oil–water two‐phase wax deposition in the future. © 2013 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, characterization, and UV‐curing properties of silicon‐containing (Meth)acrylate monomers
Authors: Wang Siyuan , Zou Yingquan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractEight different silicon‐containing (meth)acrylate monomers are synthesized by the substitution reaction of chlorosiloxanes with 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate or 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate. Their molecular structures are confirmed by IR, 1H‐NMR, and 13C‐NMR spectroscopic analyses. The effects of silicon content on the UV‐curing behavior, physical, surface, and thermal properties are investigated. The UV‐curing behavior is analyzed by photo differential scanning calorimetry. The surface free energy of the UV‐cured film is calculated from contact angles measured using the Lewis acid‐base three liquids method. The silicon‐containing (meth)acrylate monomers perform much better than traditional (meth)acrylate monomers on UV‐curing. The silicon‐containing monomers have higher final conversions and fast UV‐curing rates in photopolymerization. The surface free energy decreases with increasing silicon content, because silicon in the soft segment is transferred to the surface, producing a UV‐cured film; this is confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. All these advantageous properties enable these synthetic silicon‐containing monomers to perform better in applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013