bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subacromial balloon spacer massive rotator cuff tear treatment systematic review and meta‐analysis: Patient selection and physical therapy may be keys to outcome success
Authors: Sirignano Michael , Nyland John , Krupp Ryan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeSubacromial balloon spacer implantation (SBSI) efficacy for massive rotator cuff tear treatment was evaluated based on perceived shoulder function, active shoulder mobility, pain, complications and research study methodological quality. The purpose was to better discern the efficacy of this device from both surgical and rehabilitative perspectives to improve patient outcomes.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched (1 January 2010 to 1 June 2024) using ‘balloon spacer’, ‘subacromial spacer’, ‘subacromial balloon spacer’, ‘shoulder spacer’ and ‘inspace’ terms. Pre‐surgery (baseline), 12‐month (12‐m) and 24‐month (24‐m) post‐SBSI mean changes were compared using one‐way ANOVA and Scheffe post hoc tests, and comparative study effect sizes were calculated (p ≤ 0.05).ResultsThis review consists of 27 studies with 894 patients (67.8 ± 5 years of age) and 29.4 ± 17‐month follow‐up. Modified Coleman Methodology Scores (MCMS) revealed fair overall quality (mean = 61.4 ± 11). Constant–Murley scores improved from 34.8 ± 6 (baseline), to 64.2 ± 9 (12‐m) and 67.9 ± 8 (24‐m) (12‐m, 24‐m > baseline, p < 0.001). ASES scores improved from 35.1 ± 14 (baseline), to 83.3 ± 7 (12‐m) and 81.8 ± 5 (24‐m)(12‐m, 24‐m > baseline, p < 0.001). VAS pain scores improved from 6.6 ± 1 (baseline), to 2.6 ± 1 (12‐m) and 2.0 ± 1 (24‐m) (12‐m, 24‐m < baseline, p < 0.001). Flexion increased from 108.5 ± 25° (baseline), to 128.5 ± 30° (12‐m) and 151.2 ± 14° (24‐m) (24‐m > 12‐m, baseline, p = 0.01). Abduction increased from 97.7 ± 24° (baseline) to 116.3 ± 23° (12‐m) and 142.3 ± 15° (24‐m) (24‐m > 12‐m, baseline, p = 0.02). External rotation (ER) in adduction changed from 33.1 ± 7° (baseline) to 32.5 ± 4° (12‐m) and 53.9 ± 9° (24‐m)(24‐m > 12‐m, baseline, p = 0.01). ER at 90° abduction increased from 56.3 ± 3° (baseline) to 83.5 ± 5° (12‐m) and 77.1 ± 4° (24‐m) (24‐m, 12‐m > baseline, p = 0.01). Comparison studies, however, displayed insignificant results with small effect sizes.ConclusionDespite overall fair MCMS scores, at 24‐m post‐SBSI, shoulder function improved and pain decreased. More rigorous comparative studies, however, revealed insignificant findings. Patients with the potential to re‐establish the essential glenohumeral joint force couple that depresses the humeral head on the glenoid fossa and who comply with physical therapy may be more likely to achieve success following SBSI.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Partially PEG‐Grafted Poly(Terphenyl Piperidinium) Anion Exchange Membranes with Balanced Properties for Alkaline Fuel Cells
Authors: Chu Dongrui , Shao Runan , Zhang Jingjing , Zhou Qiyu , Zheng Zhichao , Xu Yangyang , Liu Lei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPoly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or oligo (ethylene glycol) (OEG) grafted anion exchange membranes (AEMs) exhibit improved ionic conductivity, high alkaline stability, and subsequent boosted AEM fuel cell performance, but too much PEG/OEG side chains may can result in a reduction in the ion exchange capacity (IEC), which can have adverse effects on ion transport. Here, a series of partially PEG‐grafted poly(terphenyl piperidinium) with different side chain length are synthesized using simple postpolymerization modification to produce AEMs with balanced properties. The polar and flexible PEG side chains are responsible for the controlled water uptake and swelling, superior hydroxide conductivity (122 mS cm−1 at 80 °C with an IEC of 1.99 mmol g−1), and enhanced alkaline stability compared to the reference sample without PEG grafts (PTP). More importantly, the performance of AEM fuel cell (AEMFC) with the membrane containing partial PEG side chains surpasses that with PTP membrane, demonstrating a highest peak power density of 1110 mW cm−2 at 80 °C under optimized conditions. This work provides a novel approach to the fabrication of high‐performance AEM materials with balanced properties for alkaline fuel cell application.
Development of an algorithm for proton dose calculation in magnetic fields
Authors: Gu Yue , Wang Yuxiang , Liu Meiqi , Lu Hsiao‐Ming , Yang Yidong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe advantages of proton therapy can be further enhanced with online magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance. One of the challenges in the realization of MRI‐guided proton therapy (MRPT) is accurately calculating the radiation dose in the presence of magnetic fields.PurposeThis study aims to develop an efficient and accurate proton dose calculation algorithm adapted to the presence of magnetic fields.MethodsAn analytical‐numerical radiation dose calculation algorithm, Proton and Ion Dose Engine (PRIDE), was developed. The algorithm combines the pencil beam algorithm (PBA) with a novel iterative voxel‐based ray‐tracing algorithm. The new ray‐tracing method uses fewer assumptions and ensures broader applicability for proton beam trajectory prediction in magnetic fields, and has been compared to Wolf's method and Schellhammer's method. The accuracy of PRIDE algorithm was validated on three phantoms and two practical plans (one single‐field water plan and one prostate tumor plan) in different magnetic field strengths up to 3.0 T. The validation was performed by comparing the results against the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, using the global gamma index criteria of 2%/2 mm and 3%/3 mm with a 10% threshold.ResultsPRIDE showed good agreement with MC in homogeneous and slab heterogeneous phantom, achieving gamma passing rates (%GPs) above 99% for 2%/2 mm criteria when magnetic field strength is not greater than 1.5 T. Although the agreement decreased for scenarios involving high proton energy (240 MeV) and strong magnetic field (3.0 T), the 2%/2 mm %GPs still remained above 98%. In lateral heterogeneous phantom, the accuracy of PRIDE decreased due to the PBA's limitation. For the two practical plans in different magnetic fields, %GPs exceeded 98% and 99% for 2%/2 mm and 3%/3 mm criteria, respectively.ConclusionsPRIDE can perform efficient and accurate proton dose calculation in magnetic fields up to 3.0 T, and is expected to work as a useful tool for proton dose calculation in MRPT.
Optimizing spot intensity with lower bound constraints for IMPT: Exposing shortcomings and introducing an enhanced strategy
Authors: Han Dong , Tong Jingdong , Yang Yu , Liu Hongcheng , Liang Xiaoying , Yaddanapudi Sridhar , Park Chunjoo , Tan Jun , Furutani Keith , Beltran Chris , Lu Bo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIntensity Modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT) is a sophisticated radiation treatment allowing for precise dose distributions. However, conventional spot selection strategies in IMPT face challenges, particularly with minimum monitor unit (MU) constraints, affecting planning quality and efficiency.PurposeThis study introduces an innovative Two‐Stage Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) method to optimize spot intensity in IMPT with Lower Bound (LB) constraints. This method seeks to improve treatment planning efficiency and precision, overcoming limitations of existing strategies.MethodsOur approach evaluates prevalent IMPT spot selection strategies, identifying their limitations, especially concerning MU constraints. We integrated LB constraints into a MILP framework, using a novel three‐phase strategy for spot pool selection, to enhance performance over traditional heuristic methods and L1 + L∞ strategies. The method's efficacy was tested in eight study cases, using Dose‐Volume Histograms (DVHs), spot selection efficiency, and computation time analysis for benchmarking against established methods.ResultsThe proposed method showed superior performance in DVH quality, adhering to LB constraints while maintaining high‐quality treatment plans. It outperformed existing techniques in spot selection, reducing unnecessary spots and balancing precision with efficiency. Cases studies confirmed the method's effectiveness in producing clinically feasible plans with enhanced dose distributions and reduced hotspots, especially in cases with elevated LB constraints.ConclusionsOur Two‐Stage MILP strategy signifies a significant advancement in IMPT treatment planning. By incorporating LB constraints directly into the optimization process, it achieves superior plan quality and deliverability compared to current methods. This approach is particularly advantageous in clinical settings requiring minimum spot number and high MU LB constraints, offering the potential for improved patient outcomes through more precise and efficient radiation therapy plans.
A review on 4D cone‐beam CT (4D‐CBCT) in radiation therapy: Technical advances and clinical applications
Authors: Zhang Yawei , Jiang Zhuoran , Zhang You , Ren Lei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCone‐beam CT (CBCT) is the most commonly used onboard imaging technique for target localization in radiation therapy. Conventional 3D CBCT acquires x‐ray cone‐beam projections at multiple angles around the patient to reconstruct 3D images of the patient in the treatment room. However, despite its wide usage, 3D CBCT is limited in imaging disease sites affected by respiratory motions or other dynamic changes within the body, as it lacks time‐resolved information. To overcome this limitation, 4D‐CBCT was developed to incorporate a time dimension in the imaging to account for the patient's motion during the acquisitions. For example, respiration‐correlated 4D‐CBCT divides the breathing cycles into different phase bins and reconstructs 3D images for each phase bin, ultimately generating a complete set of 4D images. 4D‐CBCT is valuable for localizing tumors in the thoracic and abdominal regions where the localization accuracy is affected by respiratory motions. This is especially important for hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), which delivers much higher fractional doses in fewer fractions than conventional fractionated treatments. Nonetheless, 4D‐CBCT does face certain limitations, including long scanning times, high imaging doses, and compromised image quality due to the necessity of acquiring sufficient x‐ray projections for each respiratory phase. In order to address these challenges, numerous methods have been developed to achieve fast, low‐dose, and high‐quality 4D‐CBCT. This paper aims to review the technical developments surrounding 4D‐CBCT comprehensively. It will explore conventional algorithms and recent deep learning‐based approaches, delving into their capabilities and limitations. Additionally, the paper will discuss the potential clinical applications of 4D‐CBCT and outline a future roadmap, highlighting areas for further research and development. Through this exploration, the readers will better understand 4D‐CBCT's capabilities and potential to enhance radiation therapy.
The use of parenteral nutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A detailed guide on the indications, risks, and benefits
Authors: Kohler David , Freid Hannah , Cholewka Jennifer , Miller Megan , Gold Stephanie L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMalnutrition is estimated to affect roughly 30%–80% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In those patients who cannot tolerate sufficient oral nutrition or there is no possibility for placing an enteral nutrition tube, parenteral nutrition offers a lifesaving alternative. However, this is not without risk. For patients with IBD, understanding the indications, contraindications, and complications associated with parenteral nutrition is crucial. In this review, we will discuss the indications and contraindications for parenteral nutrition in patients with IBD, the common complications associated with intravenous nutrition, the use of parenteral nutrition in special populations, such as in pediatric and perioperative patients, and the impact of parenteral nutrition on IBD‐related outcomes.
Reducing police response times: Optimization and simulation of everyday police patrol
Authors: Dewinter Maite , Jagtenberg Caroline , Vandeviver Christophe , Dau Philipp M. , Vander Beken Tom , Witlox Frank 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolice forces around the world are adapting to optimize their current practices through intelligence‐led and evidence‐based policing. This trend towards increasingly data‐driven policing also affects daily police routines. Police patrol is a complex routing problem because of the combination of reactive and proactive tasks. Moreover, a trade‐off exists between these two patrol tasks. In this article, a police patrol algorithm that combines both policing strategies into one strategy and is applicable to everyday policing, is developed. To this end, a discrete event simulation model is built that compares a p‐median redeployment strategy with several benchmark strategies, that is, p‐median deployment, hotspot (re)deployment, and random redeployment. This p‐median redeployment strategy considers the continuous alternation of idle and non‐idle vehicles. The mean response time was lowest for the p‐median deployment strategy, but the redeployment strategy results in better coverage of the area and low mean response times.
A Label‐Efficient Framework for Automated Sinonasal CT Segmentation in Image‐Guided Surgery
Authors: Sahu Manish , Xiao Yuliang , Porras Jose L. , Amanian Ameen , Jain Aseem , Thamboo Andrew , Taylor Russell H. , Creighton Francis X. , Ishii Masaru 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveSegmentation, the partitioning of patient imaging into multiple, labeled segments, has several potential clinical benefits but when performed manually is tedious and resource intensive. Automated deep learning (DL)‐based segmentation methods can streamline the process. The objective of this study was to evaluate a label‐efficient DL pipeline that requires only a small number of annotated scans for semantic segmentation of sinonasal structures in CT scans.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingAcademic institution.MethodsForty CT scans were used in this study including 16 scans in which the nasal septum (NS), inferior turbinate (IT), maxillary sinus (MS), and optic nerve (ON) were manually annotated using an open‐source software. A label‐efficient DL framework was used to train jointly on a few manually labeled scans and the remaining unlabeled scans. Quantitative analysis was then performed to obtain the number of annotated scans needed to achieve submillimeter average surface distances (ASDs).ResultsOur findings reveal that merely four labeled scans are necessary to achieve median submillimeter ASDs for large sinonasal structures—NS (0.96 mm), IT (0.74 mm), and MS (0.43 mm), whereas eight scans are required for smaller structures—ON (0.80 mm).ConclusionWe have evaluated a label‐efficient pipeline for segmentation of sinonasal structures. Empirical results demonstrate that automated DL methods can achieve submillimeter accuracy using a small number of labeled CT scans. Our pipeline has the potential to improve pre‐operative planning workflows, robotic‐ and image‐guidance navigation systems, computer‐assisted diagnosis, and the construction of statistical shape models to quantify population variations.Level of EvidenceN/A
Differential diagnosis and prognosis of delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae after acute carbon monoxide poisoning in a patient with schizophrenia: A case report
Authors: Satake Yuto , Mamiya Yoshimasa , Kano Shizuka , Akizuki Katsuhiko , Hashimoto Mamoru , Ikeda Manabu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDelayed neuropsychiatric sequelae (DNS) is a syndrome that appears days to weeks after acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. DNS shows various neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as mental deterioration and parkinsonism.Case PresentationOur case was a 37‐year‐old male with schizophrenia. He attempted suicide by CO poisoning and was brought to our emergency department (Day 0). He was ventilated with normobaric oxygen therapy for 3 days and moved to the psychiatric ward with clear consciousness. We restarted antipsychotics, and he gradually presented akinesia and rigidity. Additionally, around Day 32, he showed disorganized behaviors, mental deterioration, incontinence, and gait disturbance. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed slightly abnormal findings on Day 35. Although we suspected DNS on the clinical course and the MRI findings, catatonia and side‐effects of antipsychotics were also considered. Finally, electroencephalography (EEG) on Day 38 with apparent abnormalities, including diffuse slow waves, resulted in our diagnosis of DNS, and he underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy. His condition was dramatically improved, and his diffuse slow waves on EEG disappeared on Day 83. We also followed his clinical presentations and brain MRI until 33 months. Throughout the whole follow‐up, his cognition, movement, and psychiatric symptoms remained stable. However, his brain MRI showed progressive atrophy in bilateral frontal lobes and increasing white matter lesions throughout the whole course.ConclusionEEG, as well as brain MRI, may be crucial in the differential diagnosis of DNS in patients with complex conditions involving medications and severe mental illnesses.
Fabrication of chitosan/sericin/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber with silver nanoparticles for wound dressing applications
Authors: Gundhavi Devi M. , Arun Karthick S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeveloping wound dressings with healing properties is a crucial requirement, especially in developing countries. In this research work, chitosan is extracted from Monomia gladiator crab shells for the first time to fabricate a novel wound dressing. The prepared chitosan (CS) is blended with silk sericin (SS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in three different ratios of PVA:CS:SS (100:0:0), PVA:CS:SS (80:10:10) – AgNPs, and PVA:CS:SS (50:25:25) – AgNPs to produce nanofibers. The developed nanofibers were analyzed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), tensile testing, and antibacterial activity to study their fiber size, tensile strength, and bactericidal properties, respectively. The cell viability test against L929 cells demonstrates that the prepared wound dressing is noncytotoxic and facilitates cell proliferation. In vivo research on a full‐thickness excision wound model states that the incorporation of SS, CS, and AgNPs into the PVA introduces a novel multifunctional advancement in wound dressing, offering versatile benefits by promoting reepithelialization and collagen deposition. In summary, PVA:CS:SS(50:25:25)‐AgNPs can serve as an excellent wound dressing.Highlights
CS extracted from Monomia gladiator crab shells.
The extracted CS is blended with SS, PVA and AgNPs to fabricate nanofibers.
The inclusion of CS and SS exhibited good tensile strength and antibacterial activity.
PVA:CS:SS(50:25:25)‐AgNPs served as an excellent wound dressing.
Study on hydrophobic modification of starch‐based foam with fumigating and spraying
Authors: Sun Gang , Yuan Zhiqing , Sun Chenyu , Wang Yunchun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo enhance water resistance of starch‐based foam, based on the porous and irregular surface feature of foam, fumigating hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and spraying nano‐SiO2/ethanol solution were utilized to enhance hydrophobic properties of the starch‐based foam. Homemade starch‐molded foams were used for hydrophobic modification studies, the results showed that fumigating HMDS can lead to the formation of “Si‐O‐C” bonds between HMDS and starch. Additionally, it can form more stable “Si‐O‐Si” bonds with nano‐SiO2 in the original composites, which can better adhere to the surface of the starch foam to effectively create a waterproof barrier layer. On the basis of HMDS fumigation modification, hydrophobicity was significantly enhanced by further spraying of nano‐SiO2/ethanol solution. When the mass ratio of nano‐SiO2 to ethanol was 6:100, the combination of HMDS and nano‐SiO2 was optimal, while making the roughness of the foam surface suitable, at which time, the contact angle reached 155°, the maximum value under this system, indicating that the hydrophobicity was optimal. The fumigation and spraying method can evenly and comprehensively act on the surface of the porous and irregular starch‐based foam, which facilitates the waterproof post‐treatment process of the industrial application process and has strong practical significance.Highlights
Fumigated with HMDS, the starch foam's exhibit some hydrophobic effect.
Fumigation followed by spraying is effective in enhancing the hydrophobicity of starch foams.
Both the fumigation method and the spray method are suitable for the post‐treatment of hydrophobic of starch foams.
Synthesis of a water‐soluble high hydroxymethyl content phenolic resin crosslinker and the associated polyacrylamide weak gel property investigation
Authors: He Jie , Ye Zi , Liao Dong , Chen Qing‐mei , Liu Hang‐rui , Fan Hai‐bo , Luo Min , Zhong Cheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs an in‐depth profile control agent, water‐soluble phenolic resin crosslinking polyacrylamide weak gel has been widely used in the middle and high water cut stage of water flooding reservoir. In this study, the phenolic resin was synthesized by two‐step alkali catalysis. Factors influencing the synthesis of phenolic resin, including the molar ratio of phenol and formaldehyde, catalyst types, reaction time, were investigated with hydroxylmethyl and aldehyde content as the criterion. When the molar ratio of phenolic resin was 1:2 and NaOH was catalyst, at 80°C for 4 h, the phenolic resin had the highest hydroxymethyl content (49.37%) and the lowest free aldehyde content (2.95%). Weak gel was formed by the reaction of LT002‐polyacrylamide with phenolic resin. Taking the gelation time and strength as criteria, the factors influencing the crosslinking property, including hydroxymethyl content, crosslinker addition, and polyacrylamide concentration were investigated respectively. Under optimal formulation, the property investigation shows that the hydroxymethyl group in the phenolic resin can be crosslinked with the amide group in polyacrylamide, the gelation time is long (50–60 h), and the gelation strength is larger than 5 × 104 mPa s, which is conductive to the plugging of deep oil layers. When the permeability was 5061 × 10−3 μm2, the plugging rate was 72.73%.
La[N(SiMe3)2]3: A highly active catalyst for the ring‐opening polymerization of trimethylene carbonate
Authors: Hirano Naoto , Yoshida Hiroaki , Ando Tsuyoshi , Ajiro Hiroharu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPoly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) has been extensively researched as biomaterials due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, its limited mechanical strength has restricted its application in various commodity materials, necessitating an enhancement through higher molecular weight. A traditional method for synthesizing high molecular weight PTMC mainly involves SnOct2 as a polymerization catalyst, conducting trimethylene carbonate (TMC) polymerization at high temperatures over several days. This approach consumes significant time and energy, making further molecular weight enhancement challenging. In this study, we polymerized TMC using the highly active catalyst La[N(SiMe3)2]3. We have successfully synthesized high molecular weight PTMC (Mn >500,000) within minutes at room temperature. The tensile test results of PTMC molding films demonstrated strain‐induced crystallization specific to high molecular weight PTMC.