bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NuSTAR as an Axion Helioscope
Authors: Ruz Jaime , Todarello Elisa , Vogel Julia , Giannotti Maurizio , Grefenstette Brian , Hudson Hugh , Hannah Iain , Irastorza Igor , Kim Crystal , O'Shea Tomas , Regis Marco , Smith David , Taoso Marco , Bueno Javier Trujillo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The nature of dark matter in the Universe is still an open question in astrophysics and cosmology. Axions and axionlike particles (ALPs) offer a compelling solution, and traditionally ground-based experiments have eagerly, but to date unsuccessfully, searched for these hypothetical low-mass particles that are expected to be produced in large quantities in the strong electromagnetic fields in the interior of stars. This work offers a fresh look at axions and ALPs by leveraging their conversion into X-rays in the magnetic field of the Sun’s atmosphere rather than a laboratory magnetic field. Unique data acquired with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) during the solar minimum in 2020 allows us to set stringent limits on the coupling of axions to photons using state-of-the-art magnetic field models of the solar atmosphere. We report pioneering limits on the axion-photon coupling strength of 6.9×10−12 GeV−1 at 95% confidence level for axion masses ma ≲ 2×10−7 eV, surpassing current ground-based searches and further probing unexplored regions of the axion-photon coupling parameter space up to axion masses of ma ≲ 5×10−4 eV.
Multidisciplinary Aeroelastic Optimization of High Aspect-Ratio Composite Aircraft Wings via Tow-Steering
Authors: Nikolaos Ziakos , Spyridon Kilimtzidis , Vassilis Prof. Dr. Kostopoulos 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Innovative high aspect-ratio airframe designs are leading the way to a more sustainable future in aviation. These configurations enhance aerodynamic efficiency by reducing induced drag. Further performance improvements, especially regarding structural mass, are achieved with composite material airframes, that have been used progressively more in the aerospace industry due to their superior performance, lightweight design and inherent ‘tailorability’. On that end, towsteered composites have recently shown to enhance performance compared to conventional composites by taking advantage of the anisotropic behavior of fiber composites. However, these advancements can result in undesirable effects and specifically aeroelastic couplings due to increased flexibility, making the design and optimization of such airframes highly complex and computationally demanding. In our approach, a computational framework for the aeroelastic optimization of a composite high aspect-ratio commercial aircraft wing is proposed. Initially, we explore the effect of tow-steered composite skins on the mass of a fully-sized reference wing compared to conventional composites and subject to multidisciplinary constraints. We then aim to further investigate the effect of steered composites in various disciplines and thus introduce two single sub-optimization problems, namely the minimization of the stress aggregate function on the skins as well as the maximization of the flutter velocity. Finally, a multi-objective problem is formulated for the simultaneous optimization across three objectives. Multiple gains in performance are observed across all of the objectives in the aforementioned optimization problems, indicating the positive effect of tow-steered composites in the design of high aspect-ratio wings.
Sex-stratified analyses of comorbidities associated with an inpatient delirium diagnosis using real world data
Authors: Sirota Marina , Kodama Lay , Woldemariam Sarah , Tang Alice , Li Yaqiao , Kornak John , Allen Isabel (E) , Raphael Eva , Oskotsky Tomiko 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Delirium is a detrimental mental condition often seen in older, hospitalized patients and is currently hard to predict. In this study, we leverage electronic health records (EHR) to identify 7,492 UCSF patients and 19,417 UC health system patients with an inpatient delirium diagnosis and the same number of control patients without delirium. We found significant associations between comorbidities or laboratory values and an inpatient delirium diagnosis, including metabolic abnormalities and psychiatric diagnoses. Some associations were sex-specific, including dementia subtypes and infections. We further explored the associations with anemia and bipolar disorder by conducting longitudinal analyses from the time of first diagnosis to development of delirium, demonstrating a significant relationship across time. Finally, we show that an inpatient delirium diagnosis leads to increased risk of mortality. These results demonstrate the powerful application of the EHR to shed insights into prior diagnoses and laboratory values that could help predict development of inpatient delirium and the importance of sex when making these assessments.
On predicting an NBA game outcome from half-time statistics
Authors: Adam Christos , Pantatosakis Pavlos , Tsagris Michail 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Predicting the outcome of an NBA game is a major concern for betting companies and individuals who are willing to bet. We attack this task by employing various advanced machine learning algorithms and techniques, utilizing simple half-time statistics from both teams. Data collected from 3 seasons, from 2020/21 up to 2022/23 were used to assess the predictive performance of the algorithms at two axes. For each season separately, apply the algorithms and estimate the outcomes of the games of the same season and secondly, apply the algorithms in one season and estimate the outcomes of the games in the next season. The results showed high levels of accuracy as measured by the area under the curve. The analysis was repeated after performing variable selection using a non-linear algorithm that selected the most important half-time statistics, while retaining the predictive performance at high levels of accuracy.
Unveiling the mechanism of amelioration of adjuvant-induced Rheumatoid Arthritis by Drynaria quercifolia rhizome extract using network pharmacology and gene expression-based studies.
Authors: Modak Debabrata , Ghosh Subhajit , Sarkar Sourav , Roy Sudipta K. , Chakraborty Ayan , Ray Arpita , Patel Chirag N. , Georrge John J. , Thakur Subarna , Bhattacharjee Soumen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Fronds and rhizomes of Drynaria quercifolia have long been used to manage rheumatic pain. This study aimed to identify the effective components in Drynaria quercifolia methanol rhizome extract (DME) and their roles in alleviating Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) using network-pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular-dynamics simulations, and gene expression validation.
Result: Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based screening identified 41 volatile phytocomponents from DME having drug-like potentiality. Database mining and network analyses revealed 117 potential targets of which 11 have been identified as core targets. In addition, the analysis of the herb-compound-target-pathway network investigation showed n-Hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, Ergost-5-en-3-ol, and (3 beta 24r) as potential key phytocomponents for the treatment of RA. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that key target genes were mostly enriched in the inflammatory response associated with multiple signalling pathways. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies revealed that key target proteins like serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), exhibited strong binding affinity and stable interactions with multiple phytocomponents present in DME. Moreover, the influence of DME on regulating the expression of essential gene targets, as identified in silico, has been verified through experimental validation using RT-Q-PCR. Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA)-induced chronic RA model animals further validated that DME could significantly ameliorate RA in experimental Wistar rat model. Quantitative RT-PCR results demonstrated that DME significantly (p<0.05) downregulated the mRNA expression of the core target gene AKT1, while enhancing the expressions of PPARG and Iκβ genes in the experimental animal groups compared to that in arthritic control group animals. Furthermore, our investigation revealed a noteworthy (p<0.05) downregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators such as COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6, both at the gene and protein levels, suggesting noteworthy mitigation in the severity of inflammatory arthritis in the experimental animal groups.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the phytocomponents present in DME seem to act in a synergistic way to modulate key targets of inflammatory pathways associated with RA and could provide an immunomodulatory therapy for RA and associated chronic inflammations.
Associations of Multimorbidity with Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Disorders in Early Parkinson's Disease: A Crosssectional and Longitudinal Study
Authors: Zhang Ming-Zhan , Sun Yan , Chen Yan-Ming , Guo Fan , Gao Pei-Yang , Tan Lan , Tan Meng-Shan 
Published: July 2024

Object:
The study aims to determine whether multimorbidity status is associated with
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders.

Methods:
A total of 827 patients were enrolled from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative
(PPMI) database, including 638 patients with early-stage Parkinson’s disease (PD) and 189
healthy controls (HCs). Multimorbidity status was evaluated based on the count of long-term conditions
(LTCs) and the multimorbidity pattern. Using linear regression models, cross-sectional and
longitudinal analyses were conducted to assess the associations of multimorbidity status with CSF
biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders, including α-synuclein (αSyn), amyloid-β42 (Aβ42), total
tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament
light chain protein (NfL).

Results:
At baseline, the CSF t-tau (p = 0.010), p-tau (p = 0.034), and NfL (p = 0.049) levels
showed significant differences across the three categories of LTC counts. In the longitudinal analysis,
the presence of LTCs was associated with lower Aβ42 (β < -0.001, p = 0.020), and higher t-tau
(β = 0.007, p = 0.026), GFAP (β = 0.013, p = 0.022) and NfL (β = 0.020, p = 0.012); Participants
with tumor/musculoskeletal/mental disorders showed higher CSF levels of t-tau (β = 0.016, p =
0.011) and p-tau (β = 0.032, p = 0.044) than those without multimorbidity.

Conclusion:
Multimorbidity, especially severe multimorbidity and the pattern of mental/musculoskeletal/
tumor disorders, was associated with CSF biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders
in early-stage PD patients, suggesting that multimorbidity might play a crucial role in aggravating
neuronal damage in neurodegenerative diseases.
Volatilome is Inflammasome- and Lipidome-dependent in Ischemic Heart
Disease
Authors: Marzoog Basheer Abdullah 
Published: July 2024

:
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a pathology of global interest because it is widespread
and has high morbidity and mortality. IHD pathophysiology involves local and systemic changes,
including lipidomic, proteomic, and inflammasome changes in serum plasma. The modulation
in these metabolites is viable in the pre-IHD, during the IHD period, and after management
of IHD in all forms, including lifestyle changes and pharmacological and surgical interventions.
Therefore, these biochemical markers (metabolite changes; lipidome, inflammasome, proteome)
can be used for early prevention, treatment strategy, assessment of the patient's response to the
treatment, diagnosis, and determination of prognosis. Lipidomic changes are associated with the
severity of inflammation and disorder in the lipidome component, and correlation is related to
disturbance of inflammasome components. Main inflammasome biomarkers that are associated
with coronary artery disease progression include IL‐1β, Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-
like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), and caspase‐1. Meanwhile, the
main lipidome biomarkers related to coronary artery disease development involve plasmalogen
lipids, lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The hypothesis
of this paper is that the changes in the volatile organic compounds associated with inflammasome
and lipidome changes in patients with coronary artery disease are various and depend
on the severity and risk factor for death from cardiovascular disease in the time span of 10 years.
In this paper, we explore the potential origin and pathway in which the lipidome and or inflammasome
molecules could be excreted in the exhaled air in the form of volatile organic compounds
(VOCs).
Pressed Solid Target Production of 89Zr and its Application for Antibody
Labelling
Authors: Shrivastav Anjli , Maurya Sonu , Dixit Manish , Kumari Sarita , Gambhir Sanjay 
Published: July 2024

Objectives:
Zirconium-89 (
89Zr, t1/2=3.27d) is an important + emitting radionuclide
used in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) immuno studies due to its unique characteristics
and increased demand due to simple and cost-effective production capacity. Production of 89Zr
is achieved primarily through solid natural yttrium targets via different target preparation methodologies, such as electrodeposition, pressed foils, and spark plasma sintering. In this study, we
have investigated the pressed solid target methodology.

Methods:
The Yttrium Oxide (Y2O3) powder was pressed to pellet form and stacked over a different back support plate, such as platinum (Pt), niobium (Nb), and tantalum (Ta). The target
was irradiated with approximately 12 MeV proton beam for 10-60 minutes at 20µA current. The
irradiated target was purified through a solid phase extraction method via hydroxamate-based
resin by manual or automatic approach. The purified 89Zr was analyzed using gamma scintigraphy, and specific activity was calculated through Deferoxamine (DFO) chelation.

Results:
89Zr radionuclide via pressed target was effectively produced with a production yield of
20-30 MBq/µA.h, and the purification was achieved in 35 minutes with (87.46)% average recovery and >98% purity while using automated purification, but manual purification took 2
hours with (91 ± 2)% recovery and >98% purity. The production yield was comparable to the
reported pressed target approach. Deferoxamine (DFO) chelation with 89Zr-oxalate was performed with purity >98% and specific activity of 25-30 µCi/mmol

Conclusion:
In this study, we explored the production of 89Zr by pressed targets and purification via manual or automated methods with good radionuclide purity. The chelation with DFO
or its analog was performed with good labeling efficiency and stabilit
Investigating the Relationship between the Use of Mobile Phones and the Level of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress of First-secondary School Students
Authors: Faryabi Reza , Domari Asma Amiri , Vazirinasab Habibe , Ardaneh Mahdieh , Daneshi Salman , Hamidi Ali 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Today, mobile phones as a means of communication play an important role in people's lives and affect different aspects of life, so this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the use of mobile phones and the level of stress of first-secondary students in Jiroft city.

Materials and Methods
The present study is a cross-sectional study [descriptive-analytical] that was conducted to investigate the relationship between the use of mobile phones and the level of stress among students of the first secondary school in Jiroft city. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, and data analysis were performed using SPSS version 20 software. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the mean, median, and frequency percentage, and chi-square and independent t-tests were to calculate the analytical statistics.

Results
This study showed the relationship between the daily use of mobile phones and the intensity of subscales. There was a statistically significant relationship between anxiety, stress, and depression and the use of mobile phones at the 5% level.

Conclusion
According to the results of the research, the use of mobile phones among secondary school students can have a destructive effect on their psyche therefore, the amount of mobile phone use among students is directly related to their stress and anxiety.
Optimizing Financial Decision Support Systems with Machine LearningDriven Recommendations
Authors: Sharma Amit , Amutharaj J. , Ram N. Sankar , Narender M. , Rajesh S. , Tiwari Mohit , Yuvaraj K. P. , Shetty Mangala 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
The research investigates the utility of cosine similarity as an innovative
recommendation system designed to assist individuals in making financial choices tailored to their
unique preferences and objectives. It embarks on an extensive analysis of diverse datasets encompassing a wide array of financial products, including investment portfolios, credit card offerings, insurance plans, personal loan options, and car loan packages. Each dataset undergoes meticulous feature extraction and preprocessing to optimize the accuracy of the cosine similarity model.

Method:
The research then applies cosine similarity to calculate the similarity scores between individual financial products, thereby producing personalized recommendations. These recommendations are predicated on a comprehensive spectrum of input variables. The outcomes of these case
studies demonstrate the potency of cosine similarity as a foundation for the development of tailored
financial guidance systems. Such recommendations empower individuals to make informed decisions that are intrinsically aligned with their distinctive financial aspirations.

Results:
Ridge and lasso regression algorithms are deployed to develop predictive models for assessing investment preferences and evaluating potential investment returns.

Conclusion:
The study highlights the necessity for financial institutions and advisory platforms to
invest in data quality and algorithmic sophistication to enhance the efficacy and accuracy of these
financial recommendations.
Current Advancements on Oral Protein and Peptide Drug Delivery Approaches to Bioavailability: Extensive Review on Patents
Authors: Parida Prasanna , Prusty Amiya Kumar , Patro Saroj Kumar , Jena Bikash Ranjan 
Published: July 2024

:
Protein and peptide-based drugs have greater therapeutic efficacy and potential application
and lower toxicity compared to chemical entities in long-term use within optimum concentration
as they are easily biodegradable due to biological origin. While oral administration is preferable,
most of these substances are currently administered intravenously or subcutaneously. This is
primarily due to the breakdown and poor absorption in the GI tract. Hence, ongoing research is focused
on investigating absorption enhancers, enzyme inhibitors, carrier systems, and stability enhancers
as potential strategies to facilitate the oral administration of proteins and peptides. Investigations
have been directed towards advancing novel technologies to address gastrointestinal (GI)
barriers associated with protein and peptide medications. The current review intensifies formulation
and stability approaches for oral protein & peptide drug delivery systems with all significant parameters
intended for patient safety. Notably, certain innovative technologies have been patented
and are currently undergoing clinical trials or have already been introduced into the market. All the
approaches stated for the administration of protein and peptide drugs are critically discussed, having
their current status, future directions, and recent patents published in the last decades.
Probing the Role of Digital Payment Solutions in Gambling Behavior: Preliminary Results From an Exploratory Focus Group Session With Problem Gamblers
Authors: Lakew Nathan , Jonsson Jakob , Lindner Philip 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundTechnology has significantly reshaped the landscape and accessibility of gambling, creating uncharted territory for researchers and policy makers involved in the responsible gambling (RG) agenda. Digital payment solutions (DPS) are the latest addition of technology-based services in gambling and are now prominently used for deposit and win withdrawal. The seamless collaboration between online gambling operators and DPS, however, has raised concerns regarding the potential role of DPS platforms in facilitating harmful behavior.ObjectiveUsing a focus group session with problem gamblers, this study describes a preliminary investigation of the role of DPS in the online gambling context and its influence on players’ gambling habits, financial behavior, choices of gambling environment, and the overall outcome of gambling subjective experiences.MethodsA total of 6 problem gamblers participated in a one-and-half-hour focus group session to discuss how DPSs are integrated into their everyday gambling habits, what motivates them to use DPS, and what shifts they observe in their gambling behavior. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the empirical evidence with a mix of inductive and deductive research approaches as a knowledge claim strategy.ResultsOur initial findings revealed that the influence of DPSs in online gambling is multifaced where, on the one hand, their ability to integrate with players’ existing habits seamlessly underscores the facilitating role they play in potentially maximizing harm. On the other hand, we find preliminary evidence that DPSs can have a direct influence on gambling outcomes in both subtle and pervasive ways—nudging, institutionalizing, constraining, or triggering players’ gambling activities. This study also highlights the increasingly interdisciplinary nature of online gambling, and it proposes a preliminary conceptual framework to illustrate the sociotechnical interplay between DPS and gambling habits that ultimately capture the outcome of gambling’s subjective experience.ConclusionsDisguised as a passive payment enabler, the role of DPS has so far received scant attention; however, this exploratory qualitative study demonstrates that given the technological advantage and access to customer financial data, DPS can become a potent platform to enable and at times trigger harmful gambling. In addition, DPS’s bird’s-eye view of cross-operator gambling behavior can open up an opportunity for researchers and policy makers to explore harm reduction measures that can be implemented at the digital payment level for gambling customers. Finally, more interdisciplinary studies are needed to formulate the sociotechnical nature of online gambling and holistic harm minimization strategy.