bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproducibility of Metabolomic Profiles among Men and Women in 2 Large Cohort Studies
Authors: Townsend Mary K , Clish Clary B , Kraft Peter , Wu Chen , Souza Amanda L , Deik Amy A , Tworoger Shelley S , Wolpin Brian M 
Published: July 2013

BACKGROUND
Rigorous studies are necessary to demonstrate suitability of metabolomics platforms to profile metabolites in archived plasma within epidemiologic studies of human disease, for which attenuation of effect estimates due to measurement error is a key concern.

METHODS
Using a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry platform, we quantified 257 metabolites from archived plasma to evaluate metabolite interassay reproducibility, reproducibility with delayed processing, and within-person reproducibility over time. Interassay reproducibility was assessed with CVs from 60 duplicate plasma samples donated by participants in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and 20 QC pool plasma replicates. Metabolite reproducibility over a 24- to 48-h processing delay (n = 48 samples) and within-person reproducibility over 1–2 years (n = 80 samples) were assessed using Spearman and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).

RESULTS
CVs were &lt;20% for 92% of metabolites and generally were similar by plasma anticoagulant type (heparin or EDTA) and fasting time. Approximately 75% of metabolites were reproducible over delays in processing of blood samples (Spearman correlation or ICC ≥0.75, comparing immediate and 24-h delayed processing). Carbohydrates and purine/pyrimidine derivatives were most adversely affected by the processing delay. Ninety percent of metabolites were reproducible over 1–2 years within individuals (Spearman correlation or ICC ≥0.4).

CONCLUSIONS
For potential use in epidemiologic studies, the majority of plasma metabolites had low CVs and were reproducible over a 24-h processing delay and within individuals over 1–2 years. Certain metabolites, such as carbohydrates and purine/pyrimidine derivatives, may be challenging to evaluate if samples have delayed processing.
Der Herstellungsbegriff in der Synthetischen Biologie
Authors: Boldt Joachim , Matern Harald , Müller Oliver , Eichinger Tobias , Ried Jens 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
In den Publikationen der Synthetischen Biologie und in Darstellungen dieser neuen Biotechnologie finden sich häufig Begriffe des Herstellens, Konstruierens, Erschaffens und Kreierens. Im folgenden Beitrag wird dieses Begriffsfeld auf der Basis von technikphilosophischen und kunsttheoretischen Ansätzen systematisiert. Es wird erstens untersucht, inwiefern sich die verschiedenen Forschungsrichtungen in der Synthetischen Biologie mit diesem Begriffsinstrumentarium angemessen beschreiben lassen; zweitens wird analysiert, welche ethischen Fragestellungen mit den unterschiedlichen Begriffen des Herstellens und Erschaffens im Fall der Synthetischen Biologie verbunden sind.
Speciation analysis of 129I and its applications in environmental research
Authors: Zhang L. Y. , Hou X. L. 
Published: July 2013

Summary

129I, a long-lived radionuclide, is important in view of geological repository of nuclear waste, and environmental tracing applications related to diverse natural processes of iodine. The environmental behaviors and bioavailability of 129I are highly related to its species. A number of methods have been reported for speciation analysis of 129I in a variety of environmental samples. These methods have been applied in many researches, including conversion processes of iodine species in marine and terrestrial systems, migration and retention of iodine in soil and sediment, geochemical cycling of iodine, as well as studies on atmospheric chemistry of iodine. This article aims to review these methods and their applications in environmental research.
A Cycladic Perspective on Mycenaean Long-Distance Exchanges
Authors: Earle Jason Walker 
Published: July 2013

Recent discussions of Mycenaean long-distance exchanges with the ‘East’ have focused on the goods exchanged, their means of production and shipment, and their significance for consumers. Despite voluminous research on these topics, consideration of Mycenaean long-distance exchanges with the eastern Mediterranean vis-à-vis the Cycladic islands during the Palatial Period has been minimal. Diachronic examination of the Late Bronze Age archaeological evidence from the Cyclades reveals the absence of certain defining aspects of Mycenaean palatial society. Missing, or at least not present to the extent seen before (and sometimes after) this period, are figured frescoes, sealings and seals, balance weights, inscriptions and imports from the Near East. Considered within the framework of ‘negative archaeology’, these objects are conspicuously absent from the Cyclades. When seen through the lens of the Mycenaean political economy, these absences shed light on the nature of Mycenaean long-distance exchanges and the place of Cycladic islanders in the Mycenaean world. Based upon this evidence, I propose that objects and absences alike served to integrate islanders into
the Mycenaean culture of the Palatial Period, which in turn effectively excluded the Cyclades from participation in long-distance exchange networks. A model of directional Mycenaean long-distance exchanges that takes into account the negative evidence from the Cyclades is proposed.
Impact of Periodontal Disease Experience on Oral Health–Related Quality of Life
Authors: Jansson Henrik , Wahlin Åsa , Johansson Veronica , Åkerman Sigvard , Lundegren Nina , Isberg Per‐Erik , Norderyd Ola 
Published: July 2013

Background: Periodontal research has traditionally focused on the site level, regarding etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment outcome. Recently, some studies have indicated that the presence of periodontal disease is associated with reduced quality of life. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of periodontal disease experience on the quality of life.Methods: This cross‐sectional study includes 443 individuals. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed; in conjunction, the oral health–related quality of life of all participants was assessed using the Swedish short‐form version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14). Based on marginal bone loss, measured on radiographs, three different groups were identified: participants with loss of supporting bone tissue of less than one third of the root length (BL−), loss of supporting bone tissue of one third or more of the root length in <30% of teeth (BL), or loss of supporting bone tissue of one third or more of the root length in ≥30% of teeth (BL+).Results: The effect of periodontal disease experience on quality of life was considerable. For the BL− group, the mean OHIP‐14 score was 3.91 (SD: 5.39). The corresponding mean values were 3.81 (SD: 5.29) for the BL group and 8.47 (SD: 10.38) for the BL+ group. The difference among all groups was statistically significant (P ≤0.001). A comparison among the mean OHIP‐14 scores in the different groups (BL−, BL, and BL+) revealed significant differences in six of seven conceptual domains.Conclusions: The BL+ individuals experienced reduced quality of life, expressed as the OHIP‐14 score, compared with the BL and BL− participants.
Platelet‐Rich Plasma–Assisted Guided Bone Regeneration for Ridge Augmentation: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Eskan Mehmet Akif , Greenwell Henry , Hill Margaret , Morton Dean , Vidal Ricardo , Shumway Brian , Girouard Marie‐Eve 
Published: July 2013

Background: Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) contains a number of biologically active growth factors, and previous studies have reported conflicting ridge augmentation results. The primary aim of this randomized, controlled, masked, clinical trial was to determine if PRP combined with a rapidly resorbing cancellous allograft would enhance the regenerative result compared with an allograft without PRP.Methods: Thirty‐two patients with an edentulous ridge defect were sequentially entered into the study; four were excluded from data analysis. Fourteen patients received a cancellous allograft (CAN group) and the other 14 received a cancellous allograft mixed with PRP (PRP group). All 28 grafted sites were covered with a resorbable polylactide membrane. After elevation of a full‐thickness flap, horizontal ridge dimensions were measured with a digital caliper at the crest and 5 mm apical to the crest. Vertical ridge dimensions were measured from a tooth‐supported stent. All sites were reentered at 4 months, and a trephine core was obtained for histologic analysis before implant placement.Results: The crestal ridge width for the CAN group had a mean gain of 2.0 ± 1.2 mm, whereas the PRP group gained 2.9 ± 1.0, and the difference was statistically significant between groups (P <0.05). The percent vital bone was 36% ± 14% for the CAN group compared with 51% ± 15% for the PRP group and was statistically significant between groups (P <0.05). Loss of augmented ridge width was 34% ± 17% for the CAN group and 28% ± 17% for the PRP group (P >0.05).Conclusion: These clinical and histologic findings suggest that PRP enhanced bone regeneration and resulted in increased horizontal bone gain and percentage vital bone.
The Efficacy of Continuous Versus Intermittent Celecoxib Treatment in Osteoarthritis Patients with Body Mass Index ≥30 and <30 kg/m2
Authors: Sands George H , Brown Pritha Bhadra , Essex Margaret Noyes 
Published: July 2013

Objective:
Characterize the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the efficacy of continuous daily celecoxib treatment compared with intermittent celecoxib treatment.

Methods:
Prespecified exploratory analysis of a 24-week, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized, multicenter international study. 858 patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA) were randomized to receive celecoxib 200 mg daily either as continuous or intermittent treatment. Efficacy was measured by Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) total and subscale scores and the number of flare events.

Results:
Least squares mean increases (worsening) in WOMAC total scores were significantly less in the continuous treatment group than in the intermittent treatment group in patients with a BMI <30 kg/m2 (1.33 vs 4.85; p=0.016) and in patients with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (1.84 vs 5.12; p=0.019). There was a greater worsening in patients with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 than in those with a BMI <30 kg/m2 in both the continuous and intermittent groups. Fewer flares were reported in the continuous treatment group than in the intermittent group in patients with a BMI <30 kg/m2 (0.55 vs 0.88; p<0.0001) and ≥30 kg/m2 (0.54 vs 0.97; p<0.0001). There were no differences in adverse events in the two BMI groups.

Conclusions:
Continuous celecoxib treatment was significantly more efficacious than intermittent use in patients with a BMI <30 kg/m2 compared with obese patients (≥30 kg/m2) as assessed by WOMAC total scores and the number of flares. These data suggest that including weight loss as part of a treatment regimen for obese OA patients could be important.
Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid as Treatment in Elderly and Middle-Aged Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Uçar Demet , Dıraçoğlu Demirhan , Süleyman Türker , Çapan Nalan 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Osteoarthritis is the most common age-related degenerative joint disease. It affects all the joints containing hyaline cartilage. Knee osteoarthritis is the most cumbersome in terms of prevalence and disability. The aim of this study to evaluate the efficacy of intra-articular hyaluronic acid in patients with knee osteoarthritis with regard to joint pain and function, as well as patient satisfaction, assessed at one month and at one year, and by age group.Methods:In this prospective randomised study, 172 patients who were diagnosed knee OA and who received three consecutive intra-articular injections of HA weekly were included. Patients 65 years of age or older were accepted as the “elderly group”, and those under 65 were accepted as the “middle-aged group”. Clinical evaluations of efficacy and safety were conducted at the beginning of the study, one month after the third injection, and one year after the third injection.Results:In the two groups, the intragroup analysis revealed significant improvements following injection when compared with preinjection values. According to the last followup controls (after 12 months) in the middle-aged group, VAS activity pain, VAS rest pain, WOMAC physical function, and WOMAC pain values were found to be statistically lower when compared with pre-injection values. In the elderly group, no statistically significant differences were found between pre-injection and after 12 months.Conclusion:We can conclude that intra-articular joint HA injections are effective in both young and old patients with OA with regard to pain and functional status over a short-term period. Further, HA injections in patients younger than 65 years can be planned for a one-year period.
Dynamic multipole polarizabilities of Li and Na atoms interacting with Debye potentials
Authors: Kar Sabyasachi , Li Hua-Wei , Shen Zuo-Chun 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe effects of Debye potentials on the dynamic multipole polarizabilities of Li and Na atoms are investigated using the symplectic algorithm. Frequency-dependent multipole polarizabilities of Li(2s 2S) and Na(3s 2S) are reported in terms of scaled number density of the plasma electrons for arbitrary plasma temperature.
Review. A brief overview of forest management decision support systems (FMDSS) listed in the FORSYS wiki
Authors: Packalen T. , Marques A. , Rasinmäki J. , Rosset C. , Mounir F. , Rodriguez L.C.E. , Nobre S.R. 
Published: July 2013

Aim of study. The aim of the study was to overview forest management decision support systems (FMDSS) listed in the FORSYS wiki in terms of software design and architecture.Area of study. A total of 62 FMDSS from 23 countries were included into the study.Material and methods. First, all FMDSS listed in the FORSYS wiki were described in terms of functionalities, typologies and elements of architecture. Thereafter, the findings were compared with the desired architectural features of FMDSS to identify success or potential gaps. Finally, some measures were suggested to improve knowledge transfer and smooth integration of system components.Main results. Most of the systems listed in the FORSYS wiki originate from research projects and are either knowledge- or model-driven. There are only few compound systems or tools that can be used as sub-components in integrated systems.Research highlights. There is a lack of generic platforms or DSS generators that would facilitate construction of integrated systems. Further efforts are needed to study the potential of cloud services. Keywords: forest management; decision support systems; software architecture; typologies.
In vitro plant regeneration of Albizia lebbeck (L.) from seed explants
Authors: Perveen S. , Anis M. , Aref I.M. 
Published: July 2013

Objectives: An efficient and reproducible regeneration protocol for rapid multiplication of Albizia lebbeck (L.) was developed by using intact seed explants.Methods: Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with different hormones (BA, Kn, GA3 and TDZ) was used for the induction of multiple shoots from the seed explants. Ex-vitro rooting was performed by using pulse treatment method in auxins (IBA and NAA) and the complete plantlets were transferred to the field.Results: High frequency direct shoot induction was found in aseptic seed cultures of A. lebbeck on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 5.0 µM TDZ (Thiadiazuron). Seeds were germinated after 7 days of culture and induced maximum 8 shoots from the region adjacent to the apex of the primary shoot of the seedling upto 25 days of incubation. Proliferating shoot cultures with increased shoot length was established by sub-culture of excised sprouting epicotyls on MS medium supplied with reduced concentrations of TDZ. Maximum shoot regeneration frequency (76 %) with highest number of shoots (21) and shoot length (5.1 cm) per sprouting epicotyl was observed in the MS medium supplemented with 0.5 µM TDZ after 8 weeks of culture. Different concentrations of Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) were tested to determine the optimal conditions for ex-vitro rooting of the microshoots. The best treatment for maximum ex-vitro root induction frequency (81 %) was accomplished with IBA (250 µM) pulse treatment given to the basal end of the microshoots for 30 min followed by their transfer in plastic cups containing soilrite and eventually established in normal garden soil + soilrite (1:1) with 78 % survival rate. In addition, histological study was undertaken to gain a better understanding of the regenerated shoots from the epicotyl region.Conclusion: The findings will be fruitful in getting a time saving and cost effective protocol for the in vitro propagation of Albizia lebbeck.Keywords: Woody legume; TDZ; multiplication; epicotyl segment; shoot stumps.Abbreviations used: GA3 (Gibberellic acid); BA (6-Benzyladenine); Kn (Kinetin); TDZ (Thidiazuron); MS (Murashige and Skoog Medium); IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid); NAA (α-Naphthalene acetic acid).
Characterization of wildland-urban interfaces for fire prevention in the province of Valencia (Spain)
Authors: Madrigal Olmo J. , Ruiz J.A. , Planelles R. , Hernando C. 
Published: July 2013

Aim of study. The present study is the first attempt to characterize and map wildland-urban interfaces (WUIs) in eastern Spain (province of Valencia) and its relationship with wildfire occurrence. Area of study. The study area is located in eastern Spain in the province of Valencia. The area covers 246,426 ha and includes four administrative departments comprising 86 municipalities.Material and methods. The methodology integrates housing density and vegetation aggregation for large-scale fire prevention using the WUImap ® ARC GIS tool. A PLS model was developed to relate wildfire occurrence and WUI typologies.Main results. The results show that 21% of housing can be considered as WUIs, highlighting the high degree of fire hazard in the study area. The PLS model shows that the 4 typologies outside of WUI present lower significance than most of WUI typologies. The types of WUI most related to fire occurrence (Number of Fires and Area Burned) are Insolated and Scattered housing with Low or High vegetation aggregation. The type Insolated housing with low aggregation presents the highest significance to explain wildfire occurrence.Research highlights: A significant relationship between wildfire occurrence the study area and WUI has been demonstrated. The obtained results verify the ability of WUImap tool in classifying large-scale administrative departments and its suitability for application to prioritize preventive actions in the Mediterranean areasKey words: Housing density; PLS (Partial Least Squares) model; vegetation aggregation; WUImap.
Observation participante et comparaison
Authors: Hilgers Mathieu 
Published: July 2013

La nécessité de produire et d’interpréter un matériau empirique en phase avec l’expérience donne à l’observation participante une importance et un rôle qui dépassent de loin les limites disciplinaires. Pourtant, en raison de son caractère particulier, la validité des résultats issus de cette méthode apparaît souvent limitée et, un jour ou l’autre, la plupart des anthropologues se confrontent à une série de questions identiques. Comment opérer un passage du singulier au général ? Comment amplifier la portée des données produites par l’observation participante ? Comment faciliter l’appropriation des résultats qu’elle permet de produire et qui vont au-delà du seul intérêt des anthropologues ? Pour éviter la critique de l’hyperparticularisme, « un anthropologue, un village, une culture », ce texte propose d’allier observation participante et comparaison et développe une série d’outils pour faciliter cette conciliation.
À travers les dénominations des rues et des quartiers de la ville de Douala
Authors: Amougou Mbarga Alphonse Bernard 
Published: July 2013

Les représentations sociales de l’espace urbain font l’objet d’une interprétation et d’une réappropriation par les populations par-delà les dénominations officielles des autorités publiques. Cet article se donne pour objectif de rendre compte de la manière avec laquelle les espaces publics sont occupés, contestés et transformés par les « citadins » dans une perspective de subversion de la ville. Le discours sur les noms des rues et quartiers permet d’avoir accès à un ensemble de propos dont le sujet dépasse la matérialité de la ville. Saisir dans un contexte donné les systèmes de valeurs, les représentations, discours et symboles donne aux groupes populaires une conscience de leur identité et de leur force. Ces recompositions des ordres urbains prenant place dans la quotidienneté subvertissent les logiques gestionnaires et politiques. La ville n’est pas seulement une masse démographique ou un espace densément bâti ; elle correspond à des rapports spécifiques que « les citadins » entretiennent entre eux et avec leur espace de vie. La sémiotique populaire offre ainsi un regard sur les pratiques sociales et les effets de recomposition de la ville de Douala déterminant son ancrage ambivalent dans la modernité et dans la manière de lire l’action politique.
Mathematical Analysis of the Flow of Hyaluronic Acid Around Fascia During Manual Therapy Motions
Authors: Roman Max , Chaudhry Hans , Bukiet Bruce , Stecco Antonio , Findley Thomas W. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Context: More research is needed to understand the flow characteristics of hyaluronic acid (HA) during motions used in osteopathic manipulative treatment and other manual therapies.

Objective: To apply a 3-dimensional mathematical model to explore the relationship between the 3 manual therapy motions (constant sliding, perpendicular vibration, and tangential oscillation) and the flow characteristics of HA below the fascial layer.

Methods: The Squeeze Film Lubrication theory of fluid mechanics for flow between 2 plates was used, as well as the Navier-Stokes equations.

Results: The fluid pressure of HA increased substantially as fascia was deformed during manual therapies. There was a higher rate of pressure during tangential oscillation and perpendicular vibration than during constant sliding. This variation of pressure caused HA to flow near the edges of the fascial area under manipulation, and this flow resulted in greater lubrication. The pressure generated in the fluid between the muscle and the fascia during osteopathic manipulative treatment causes the fluid gap to increase. Consequently, the thickness between 2 fascial layers increases as well. Thus, the presence of a thicker fluid gap can improve the sliding system and permit the muscles to work more efficiently.

Conclusion: The mathematical model employed by the authors suggests that inclusion of perpendicular vibration and tangential oscillation may increase the action of the treatment in the extracellular matrix, providing additional benefits in manual therapies that currently use only constant sliding motions.
Open issues in neutrino astrophysics
Authors: Volpe Cristina 
Published: July 2013

AbstractNeutrinos of astrophysical origin are messengers produced in stars, in explosive phenomena like core‐collapse supernovae, in the accretion disks around black holes, or in the Earth's atmosphere. Their fluxes and spectra encode information on the environments that produce them. Such fluxes are modified in characteristic ways when neutrinos traverse a medium. Here the current understanding of neutrino flavour conversion in media is summarized. The importance of this domain for astrophysical observations is emphasized. Examples are given of the fundamental properties that research into astrophysical neutrinos has uncovered, or might reveal in the future.