bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High toxinogenic potential of Staphylococcus aureus from wild ungulates in Brandenburg, Germany with a low level of antibiotic resistance
Authors: Lienen Tobias , Mateus-Vargas Rafael Hernán , Steinhoff-Wagner Julia , Richter Martin H. , Maurischat Sven 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionData regarding the occurrence and virulence of Staphylococcus (S.) aureus in wild living animals is rare. However, S. aureus may carry a multitude of virulence factors and express resistance to several antimicrobial substances. Handling game meat may thus lead to serious infections or food poisoning. The aim of this study was to provide insights into the occurrence and characteristics of S. aureus in wild ungulates from Brandenburg, Germany.MethodsNasal swabs of externally healthy-looking wild boars, roe, fallow and red deer were collected in hunts during season 2021/2022 and analyzed for S. aureus by selective enrichment. Species were determined using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry and tested for phenotypic antimicrobial resistance. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted for genotyping, determination of virulence associated genes and analysis of phylogenetic relationships.ResultsS. aureus were recovered from approximately 8% of nasal swabs. However, the strains were only obtained from the sampled wild ruminants. S. aureus isolates were associated with sequence types (ST) 1, ST30, ST133, ST425, ST582 and ST6238. Isolates of ST1 clustered closely together in the phylogenetic analysis. Genes encoding staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) or SE-like (SEl) were found in 14/17 isolates. In particular, a seh gene was present in 12/17 isolates. Moreover, two isolates harbored a multiplicity of genes encoding SE or SEl. In addition, the toxic shock syndrome toxin encoding tst gene was detected in one isolate. This isolate was resistant to penicillin and cefoxitin and accordingly harbored the blaZ gene.DiscussionWild ungulates intended for human consumption may carry potentially virulent S. aureus. In one case, the close phylogenetic relationship of S. aureus isolates indicates a possible intraspecific spread within a common territory. However, for others, the origin or the spread pattern can only be inferred. Handling of animals or their carcasses might contribute to staphylococcal infections in humans. Moreover, food poisoning due to SE producing strains may occur, if recommended hygiene practices are not applied during processing of game meat.
Alterations in Soil Bacterial Community and Its Assembly Process within Paddy Field Induced by Integrated Rice–Giant River Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) Farming
Authors: Zhang Yiyun , Hou Yiran , Jia Rui , Li Bing , Zhu Jian , Ge Xianping 
Published: July 2024

Integrated rice–aquatic animal farming has become a vital strategy for enhancing food security. To assess the effects of integrated rice–giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) farming (IRPF) on agricultural ecosystems, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze soil bacterial communities in comparison with traditional rice monoculture (RM). Our study revealed that the IRPF did not significantly affect the diversity of the soil bacterial community. However, during the initial culture stage, IRPF markedly increased the relative abundance of the phylum candidate division NC10 and the genus Candidatus Methylomirabilis, enhancing nitrogen-cycling-related functions within the bacterial community. Additionally, IRPF reduced the complexity and stability of these communities in the early to middle culture stages. While stochastic processes usually dominate the assembly of these communities, IRPF restricted bacterial migration and reduced the influence of these stochastic processes. Furthermore, IRPF had a significant impact on environmental factors within paddy soils, strongly correlating with shifts in bacterial communities, particularly through variations in soil nitrite concentration. In conclusion, the influence of IRPF on the bacterial community in paddy soils was primarily observed during the early and middle culture stages, and the impacts of IRPF on the soil bacterial community were primarily driven by environmental changes, especially soil nitrite concentration. These findings provide theoretical insights and a reference for understanding the microbiological impacts of different integrated rice–fish farming systems on agricultural ecosystems.
Venomics of Scorpion Ananteris platnicki (Lourenço, 1993), a New World Buthid That Inhabits Costa Rica and Panama
Authors: Díaz Cecilia , Lomonte Bruno , Chang-Castillo Arturo , Bonilla Fabián , Alfaro-Chinchilla Adriana , Triana Felipe , Angulo Diego , Fernández Julián , Sasa Mahmood 
Published: July 2024

Ananteris is a scorpion genus that inhabits dry and seasonal areas of South and Central America. It is located in a distinctive morpho-group of Buthids, the ‘Ananteris group’, which also includes species distributed in the Old World. Because of the lack of information on venom composition, the study of Ananteris species could have biological and medical relevance. We conducted a venomics analysis of Ananteris platnicki, a tiny scorpion that inhabits Panama and Costa Rica, which shows the presence of putative toxins targeting ion channels, as well as proteins with similarity to hyaluronidases, proteinases, phospholipases A2, members of the CAP-domain family, and hemocyanins, among others. Venom proteolytic and hyaluronidase activities were corroborated. The determination of the primary sequences carried out by mass spectrometry evidences that several peptides are similar to the toxins present in venoms from Old World scorpion genera such as Mesobuthus, Lychas, and Isometrus, but others present in Tityus and Centruroides toxins. Even when this venom displays the characteristic protein families found in all Buthids, with a predominance of putative Na+-channel toxins and proteinases, some identified partial sequences are not common in venoms of the New World species, suggesting its differentiation into a distinctive group separated from other Buthids.
Optimising the use of the prostate- specific antigen blood test in asymptomatic men for early prostate cancer detection in primary care: report from a UK clinical consensus
Authors: Harding Thomas A , Martin Richard M , Merriel Samuel WD , Jones Robert , O’Sullivan Joe M , Kirby Mike , Olajide Oluwabunmi , Norman Alexander , Bhatt Jaimin , Hulson Oliver , Martins Tanimola , Gnanapragasam Vincent J , Aning Jonathan , Burgess Meg , Rosario Derek J , Pashayan Nora , Tesfai Abel , Norori Natalia , Rylance Amy , Seggie Andrew 
Published: July 2024

Background
Screening is not recommended for prostate cancer in the UK. Asymptomatic men aged ≥50 years can request a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test following counselling on potential harms and benefits. There are areas of clinical uncertainty among GPs, resulting in the content and quality of counselling varying.

Aim
To produce a consensus that can influence guidelines for UK primary care on the optimal use of the PSA test in asymptomatic men for early prostate cancer detection.

Design and setting
Prostate Cancer UK facilitated a RAND/UCLA consensus.

Method
Statements covering five topics were developed with a subgroup of experts. A panel of 15 experts in prostate cancer scored (round one) statements on a scale of one (strongly disagree) to nine (strongly agree). Panellists met to discuss statements before rescoring (round two). A lived experience panel of seven men scored a subset of statements with outcomes fed into the main panel.

Results
Of the initial 94 statements reviewed by the expert panel, a final 48/85 (56%) achieved consensus. In the absence of screening, there was consensus on proactive approaches to initiate discussions about the PSA test with men who were at higher-than-average risk.

Conclusion
Improvements in the prostate cancer diagnostic pathway may have reduced some of the harms associated with PSA testing; however, several areas of uncertainty remain in relation to screening, including optimal PSA thresholds for referral and intervals for retesting. There is consensus on proactive approaches to testing in higher-than-average risk groups. This should prompt a review of current guidelines.
DI(4-METHOXYPHENYL)TELLUROXIDE AS A CATALYST IN THE ALDOLS CONDENSATION REACTION
Authors: Редькин Н.А. , Корсиков Д.А. 
Published: July 2024

Работа посвящена изучению реакции альдольной конденсации в присутствии теллурорганического катализатора. Было исследовано протекание реакции между 3,4-диметоксибензальдегидом с п-бромацетофеноном в присутствии гидроксида натрия и ди(4-метоксифенил)теллуроксида. Показано, что на протекание химических реакций конденсации влияют концентрация катализатора, природа растворителя, температура.
The work is devoted to the study of the aldol condensation reaction in the presence of an organotellurium catalyst. The reaction between 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and p-bromoacetophenone in the presence of sodium hydroxide and di(4-methoxyphenyl)telluroxide was studied. It has been shown that the occurrence of chemical condensation reactions is influenced by the concentration of the catalyst, the nature of the solvent, and temperature.
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN UREA SYNTHESIS TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Дубенко И.В. , Карасева И.Н. , Попова Ю.В. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены наиболее востребованные технологии «карбамидной» отрасли на различных предприятиях России. Предложены основные направления модернизации технологических решений для обеспечения производственной и экологической безопасности синтеза карбамида.
The article discusses the most popular technologies in the “urea” industry at various enterprises in Russia. The main directions of modern technological solutions to ensure the production and safety of urea synthesis are proposed.
ANALYSIS OF ADSORPTION METHODS FOR GAS PURIFICATION USING THE EXAMPLE OF SYNTHETIC ZEOLITES
Authors: Гаврилова У.С. , Карасева И.Н. , Попова Ю.В. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены некоторые адсорбционные методы очистки газов от примесей при помощи синтетических цеолитов, их преимущества перед другими методами очистки. Показана сравнительная способность адсорбционной очистки от CO2, H2S c помощью цеолитов и активированных углей.
The article discusses some adsorption methods for purifying gases from impurities using synthetic zeolite, their advantages over other purification methods. The comparative ability of adsorption purification from СO2, H2S using zeolites and activated carbons is shown.
THE CONTENT OF WATER-SOLUBLE SUGARS AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN THE LEAVES OF WILD PLANTS OF SAMARSKAYA LUKA
Authors: Богданова Е.С. , Розенцвет О.А. , Нестеров В.Н. , Гребенкина Т.М. 
Published: July 2024

Изучено содержание биологически активных соединений (БАС) в пяти видах растений, произрастающих на территории национального парка Самарская Лука. Из предварительно высушенных листьев были выделены водорастворимые фенольные соединения и углеводы. Наибольшее их количество обнаружено в растениях Arctostaphylos uva-ursi и Thymus zheguliensis (544,9, 499,1 мг/г и 166,2, 46,2 мг/г сухой массы, соответственно). Концентрация фотосинтетических пигментов, выделенных из свежей массы листьев, варьировала от 2,5 до 4,4 мг/г сухой массы. Самое низкое содержание исследованных типов БАС отмечено в растениях Ephedra distachya.
The content of biologically active compounds (BAC) in five plant species growing on the territory of the Samarskaya Luka National Park was studied. Water-soluble phenolic compounds and carbohydrates were isolated from pre-dried leaves. Their greatest amount was found in plants Arctostaphylos uva-ursiand Thymus zheguliensis (544.9, 499.1 mg/g and 166.2, 46.2 mg/g dry weight, respectively). The concentration of photosynthetic pigments isolated from the fresh mass of leaves varied from 2.5 to 4.4 mg/g dry mass. The lowest content of the studied BAC types was noted in Ephedra distachya plants.
«GREEN SYNTHESIS» OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES (AG-NPS) USING AQUEOUS-ETHANOL PLANT EXTRACTS
Authors: Алексашина С.А. 
Published: July 2024

В настоящее время популярность получил широкий спектр наноструктур. Ввиду своей простоты, низкой стоимости, более высокого восстановительного потенциала, а также низкого воздействия на окружающую среду процесс синтеза на основе растительных экстрактов недавно стал одним из активных направлений современных нанобиотехнологических исследований. На процесс образования наноструктур влияет множество факторов. Были получены растворы наночастиц серебра (Ag-NPS) с использованием экстракта Astragalus L. На основании изменения цвета можно сделать вывод, что на скорость образования наночастиц существенно влияет рН среды – с увеличением значения до рН 9 раствор приобретает более интенсивную окраску.
Currently, there is a growing popularity for a wide range of nanostructures. Due to their simplicity, low cost, higher reducing potential, and minimal environmental impact, synthesis processes based on plant extracts have recently become one of the active directions in modern nanobiotechnology research. The formation of nanostructures is influenced by numerous factors. Solutions of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were obtained using an extract of Astragalus L. Based on the color change, it can be concluded that the pH of the medium significantly affects the rate of nanoparticle formation – as the pH value increases to pH 9, the solution acquires a more intense color without.
THE USE OF FOOD INDUSTRY WASTE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PACKAGING MATERIALS
Authors: Червоткина Д.Р. , Борисова А.В. 
Published: July 2024

Большое количество отходов, остающихся в процессе переработки и потребления фруктов и овощей, представляет серьезную проблему для окружающей среды. Поэтому целесообразно искать пути решения проблемы и наиболее полно извлекать ценные вещества из кожуры фруктов. Кожура граната содержит ценные питательные компоненты, которые могут быть использованы в различных применениях. В статье сообщается о положительном опыте применения экстракта кожуры граната в составе упаковочной пленки для хранения пищевых продуктов.
The large amount of waste remaining during the processing and consumption of fruits and vegetables is a serious problem for the environment. Therefore, it is advisable to look for ways to solve the problem and extract valuable substances from the peel of fruits as fully as possible. Pomegranate peel contains valuable nutritional components that can be used in various applications. The article reports on the positive experience of using pomegranate peel extract as part of a packaging film for food storage.
INDUSTRIAL CATALYSTS FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PROCESSES
Authors: Макрушин Н.А. , Кашинская А.В. , Трошина В.А. , Дульнев А.В. , Афанасьев С.В. 
Published: July 2024

В работе выполнен обзор по катализаторам, используемым в процессах производства водорода, которые выпускаются ООО «НИАП-КАТАЛИЗАТОР» в промышленном масштабе. Их использование позволяет проводить очистку природного газа для его последующей конверсии с водяным паром с целью получения водорода и его дальнейшей очистки, а также осуществлять очистку водородсодержащих газов от различных примесей. Многолетний опыт эксплуатации многих из приведенных катализаторов подтвердил их высокую эффективность и надежность.
The work provides a review of catalysts used in hydrogen production processes, which are produced by NIAP-KATALIZATOR LLC on an industrial scale. Their use makes it possible to purify natural gas for its subsequent conversion with water vapor to produce hydrogen and its further purification, as well as to purify hydrogen-containing gases from various impurities. Many years of experience in operating many of the above catalysts has confirmed their high efficiency and reliability.
DEVELOPMENT OF HEATING FLUIDS BASED ON ORGANIC MIXTURES
Authors: Казакова А.И. 
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены системы с участием дифенила. Методами Шредера, UNIFAC и UNIFAC Dortmundрассчитаны диаграмма плавкости исследуемых систем. С применением дифференциального сканирующего микрокалориметра экспериментально исследованы индивидуальные вещества и их смеси. Изученные составы являются эвтектическими, поэтому полученные органические смеси могут быть рекомендованы к использованию в качестве теплоносителя, а также рабочего тела теплового аккумулятора.
The article discusses systems involving biphenyl. The fusibility diagram of the systems under study was calculated using the Schroeder, UNIFAC and UNIFAC Dortmund methods. Individual substances and their mixtures were experimentally studied using a differential scanning microcalorimeter. The studied compositions are eutectic, therefore the resulting organic mixtures can be recommended for use as a coolant, as well as a working fluid of a heat accumulator.
INCREASING THE ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLINESS OF DIESEL FUEL
Authors: Шатилов К.В. , Юсупов Р.Р. 
Published: July 2024

В проектной работе определены преимущества и недостатки биодизельного топлива в сравнении с нефтяным дизельным топливом, рассмотрены возможности приобретения и создания собственного производства биодизеля. В практической части синтезирована проба биодизеля с дальнейшим её смешением с нефтяным дизельным топливом. Определено оптимальное соотношение смеси биодизеля и дизельного топлива. Выполнена оценка влияния на окружающую среду полученной смеси экологичного топлива. Предложен проект по внедрению экологичного топлива в АО «НК НПЗ».
The project work identified the advantages and disadvantages of biodiesel fuel in comparison with petroleum diesel fuel, and considered the possibilities of purchasing and creating one’s own biodiesel production. In the practical part, a biodiesel sample was synthesized and then mixed with petroleum diesel fuel. The optimal ratio of the mixture of biodiesel and diesel fuel was determined. An assessment of the environmental impact of the resulting mixture of environmentally friendly fuel was carried out. A project has been proposed for the introduction of environmentally friendly fuel at JSC NK Refinery.
METHOD FOR REDUCING THE ZONE OF CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION WITH DESTRUCTION OF A CHEMICALLY HAZARDOUS OBJECT
Authors: Жуков Д.В. , Коновалов Н.А. 
Published: July 2024

В статье проведен анализ существующих технических решений по сокращению зон поражения территорий, расположенных в непосредственной близости с опасными производственными объектами, при разрушении емкостей с ядовитыми и химически опасными веществами. Проанализирована и уточнена расчетная методика, приведенная в своде правил «Инженерно-технические мероприятия по гражданской обороне». Предложен способ и техническое решение, позволяющие дополнительно снизить зону негативного воздействия в случае аварийных разливов АХОВ, основанные на сокращении объемов испарения жидкостей за счет снижения площади испарения.
The article analizes the most advanced technical solutions to reduce the affected areas of territories located in close proximity to hazardous production facilities, when the destruction of containers with toxic and chemically hazardous substances. The calculation methodology has been analyzed and refined given in the set of rules «Engineering and technical measures for civil defense». A method and technical solution are proposed that allows additionally reduce the area of negative impact in the event of accidental spills of hazardous substances, based on reducing the volume of evaporation of liquids due to the reduction of the evaporation area.
THEORETICAL EVALUATION OF THE HYDROGENATION OF A SERIES OF HETOOROGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE PROCESS OF PROCESS GAS PURIFICATION
Authors: Макрушин Н.А. , Кондрашова А.С. , Кабанова Д.Н. , Кашинская А.В. , Дульнев А.В. , Добрыднев С.В. 
Published: July 2024

Проведен теоретический и экспериментальный анализ процесса влияния метионина на никелевый катализатор восстановления и изомеризации растительных масел в процессе их гидрирования до жиров. С помощью квантовохимических программ, а также экспериментальных методов исследования (рентгенофазовый анализ, дериватография, температурно-программируемое восстановление и др.) показано влияние метионина на катализатор в процессе получения твердых жиров путем гидрирования растительных масел.
A theoretical and experimental analysis of the process of the influence of methionine on a nickel catalyst for the reduction and isomerization of vegetable oils in the process of their hydrogenation to fats was carried out. Using quantum chemical programs, as well as experimental research methods (X-ray phase analysis, derivatography, temperature-programmed reduction, etc.), the effect of methionine on the catalyst in the process of producing solid fats by hydrogenation of vegetable oils is shown.
ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATIONS AS A REFLECTION OF THE MODERNITY OF SOCIETY
Authors: Мазур З.Ф. , Кудинова Г.Э. , Мазур Н.З. 
Published: July 2024

Одним из важнейших стратегических приоритетов социально-экономического развития России в настоящее время является формирование современной национальной инновационной системы на основе экологических инноваций. В статье рассматриваются основные нормативно-законодательные документы в области экологии и реализованные в патентах, согласно имеющегося патентного фонда Роспатента. Активная деятельность в области экологических инноваций и патентования, защита авторских прав создают благоприятные условия для развития инновационной деятельности, обеспечивающей ускоренное продвижение инноваций в экономику и социальную сферу и являющейся отражением современности общества.
One of the most important strategic priorities of Russia's socio-economic development at present is the formation of a modern national innovation system based on environmental innovations. The article discusses the main regulatory and legislative documents in the field of ecology and implemented in patents, according to the existing patent fund of Rospatent. Active activity in the field of environmental innovation and patenting, copyright protection creates favorable conditions for the development of innovative activities that ensure the accelerated promotion of innovations in the economy and social sphere and is a reflection of the modernity of society.
A biodegradable analogue of a plastic bag from food waste
Authors: Середкин И.А. , Сабанцев В.В. , Сучугов Я.В. , Тёскин К.А. , Гуляева А.Н. , Воронина М.С. 
Published: July 2024

В данной статье авторы рассуждают о вреде, который человек причинил экологии планеты в результате развития промышленности и использования пластика. Авторы предлагают решение проблемы в виде биоразлагаемого полимерного пакета, созданного из пищевых отходов. Через исследование разложения пакета в почве с использованием отходов пищевого производства авторы пришли к выводу, что пакеты разлагаются полностью при определенных условиях. Описан эксперимент, в котором кусочки пакетов были разделены на три категории с разными уровнями полива и проведено наблюдение за процессом разложения и изменениями в свойствах пакетов.
In this article, the authors discuss the harm that humans have caused to the ecology of the planet as a result of industrial development and the use of plastic. The authors propose a solution to the problem in the form of a biodegradable polymer bag created from food waste. Through a study of bag decomposition in soil using food waste, the authors concluded that bags decompose completely under certain conditions. An experiment is described in which pieces of bags were divided into three categories with different levels of watering, and the decomposition process and changes in the properties of the bags were observed.