bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between muscle strength and front crawl swimming velocity
Authors: Gola Radosław , Urbanik Czesław , Iwańska Dagmara , Madej Anna 
Published: August 2014

PurposeCompetitive performance in swimming depends on a number of factors including, among others, the development of relevant muscle groups. The aim of the study was to clarify the relationship between muscle strength and swimming velocity and the role of individual muscle groups in front crawl swimming.MethodsSixteen physical education university students participated in the study. The strength values, defined as torque produced during isometric contractions, of eight upper and lower extremity muscle groups were measured. Data were compared with participants' front crawl swim times in the 25m and 50m distances.ResultsCorrelation analysis demonstrated a relationship between muscle strength and swimming velocity. statistically significant relationships were observed between swimming velocity and the torque values of the elbow flexor and shoulder extensor muscles as well as the sum of upper extremity muscle torque values (<i>p</i> < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results indicate the need for a focus on training those muscle groups identified as having a statistically significant relationship with swimming velocity for a given distance, as the sample showed deficiencies in the strength of those muscle groups responsible for generating propulsive force in the front crawl. Additionally, the collected data can serve as a diagnostic tool in evaluating the development of muscle groups critical for swimming performance.
A High Performance Computing Approach to the Simulation of Fluid-Solid interaction Problems with Rigid and Flexible Components
Authors: Pazouki Arman , Serban Radu , Negrut Dan 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
This work outlines a unified multi-threaded, multi-scale High Performance Computing (HPC) approach for the direct numerical simulation of Fluid-Solid Interaction (FSI) problems. The simulation algorithm relies on the extended Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (XSPH) method, which approaches the fluid flow in a La-grangian framework consistent with the Lagrangian tracking of the solid phase. A general 3D rigid body dynamics and an Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation (ANCF) are implemented to model rigid and flexible multibody dynamics. The two-way coupling of the fluid and solid phases is supported through use of Boundary Condition Enforcing (BCE) markers that capture the fluid-solid coupling forces by enforcing a no-slip boundary condition. The solid-solid short range interaction, which has a crucial impact on the small-scale behavior of fluid-solid mixtures, is resolved via a lubrication force model. The collective system states are integrated in time using an explicit, multi-rate scheme. To alleviate the heavy computational load, the overall algorithm leverages parallel computing on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) cards. Performance and scaling analysis are provided for simulations scenarios involving one or multiple phases with up to tens of thousands of solid objects. The software implementation of the approach, called Chrono:Fluid, is part of the Chrono project and available as an open-source software.
Microfeatures of modern sea-ice-rafted sediment and implications for paleo-sea-ice reconstructions
Authors: St John Kristen , Passchier Sandra , TantillO Brooke , Darby Dennis , Kearns Lance 
Published: August 2014

AbstractDistinguishing sea-ice-rafted debris (SIRD) from iceberg-rafted debris is crucial to an interpretation of ice-rafting history; however, there are few paleo-sea-ice proxies. This study characterizes quartz grain microfeatures of modern SIRD from the Arctic Ocean, and compares these results with microfeatures from representative glacial deposits to potentially differentiate SIRD from ice-rafted sediments which have been recently subjected to glacial processes. This allows us to evaluate the use of grain microfeatures as a paleo-sea-ice proxy. SIRD grains were largely subrounded, with medium relief, pervasive silica dissolution and a high abundance of breakage blocks and microlayering. The glacial grains were more angular, with lower relief and higher abundances of fractures and striations/gouges. Discriminate analysis shows a distinct difference between SIRD and glacial grains, with ˂7% of the SIRD grains containing typical glacial microtextures, suggesting this method is a useful means of inferring paleo-sea-ice presence in the marine record. We propose that differences in microfeatures of SIRD and glacial ice-rafted debris reflect differences in sediment transport and weathering histories. Sediment transported to a coastal setting and later rafted by sea ice would be subject to increased chemical weathering, whereas glaciers that calve icebergs would bypass the coastal marine environment, thus preserving their glacial signature.
Caunes-Minervois et l’hérésie cathare
Authors: Roche Julien 
Published: August 2014

Inquisition registers which are the main available sources for the knowledge of heresy in the South of France are particularly poor concerning Catharism at Caunes-Minervois. The only somewhat detailed mentions concern the last third of the XIIIth century. Other sources allow to rectify this deceptive impression. The royal inquiries concerning faidiments
in Languedoc and certain documents copied in the Doat collection of the National French Library give valuable information as to the place of heresy at Caunes and in its region. Caunes played a particular role in the fight against heresy. By 1226, the Cathar Bishop of Carcassés Pierre Isarn is burnt there. Ten years later, inquisitor Ferrier is installed at Caunes, in the abbey probably, a place from which he launches the inquiries of the court against people suspected of heresy. At the end of the century, the heresy at Caunes will again be brought to light through the supposed links of abbot Pierre de Pelages with Catharism.
Empirical Evidence for Factors Affecting Searcher Efficiency and Scavenging Rates at a Coastal, Terrestrial Wind-Power Facility
Authors: Peters Kimberly A. , Mizrahi David S. , Allen Michael C. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The rapid expansion of wind power development in recent years has accentuated the need to develop standard guidelines for identifying, assessing, and monitoring potential impacts to birds and bats. Although postconstruction mortality estimates generally take into account well-established sources of bias, including searcher efficiency and scavenging loss, methods for addressing these biases can be improved. Currently used bias-adjustment methods differ across studies, do not explicitly account for factors that may affect initial bias estimates, and often use averaged or assumed levels of bias. We examined scavenging and detection trial data from a 3-y study at a small, terrestrial wind-farm in coastal New Jersey. Logistic regression models indicated that carcass size, substrate, and observer all affected carcass detection rates, with larger carcasses more likely to be detected than smaller carcasses, and those located on bare ground or grass more likely to be detected than those on gravel. Known-fate mark–recapture models indicated that scavenging rates were highest within the first 3 d of placement, with some variation among seasons. We suggest that empirically based estimates of factors affecting observer detection and scavenging loss be generated for individual wind-farm mortality studies, because they likely vary across sites and could heavily bias resulting adjustment factors and mortality estimates.
The real “fire ants”: colony size and body size of workers influence the fate of boreal sand hill ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) after wildfires in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Glasier James R.N. , Nielsen Scott E. , Acorn John H. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractOver two summers following accidental May wildfires, total ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) forager catch and species richness did not change in jack pine woodlands on sand hills in central Alberta, Canada. However, one year after a fire, smaller ants, and those in smaller colonies, were more abundant in pitfall traps, based on analysis of response ratios for each ant species and relationships to a variety of life history and organismal traits. Nest type and polygyny had no effect on post-fire ant forager catch. The numerical responses of individual ant species appear to be idiosyncratic, but three species of ants that are sand specialists were found to be particularly resilient to fire.
Effect of a School Choice Policy Change on Active Commuting to Elementary School
Authors: Sirard John R. , McDonald Kelsey , Mustain Patrick , Hogan Whitney , Helm Alison 
Published: August 2014

Purpose. The purposes of this study were to assess the effect of restricting school choice on changes in travel distance to school and transportation mode for elementary school students. Design. Study design was pre-post (spring 2010–fall 2010) quasi-experimental. Setting. Study setting was all public elementary schools in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Subjects. Subjects comprised approximately 20,500 students across 39 schools. Intervention. Study assessed a school choice policy change that restricted school choice to a school closer to the family's home. Measures. School district transportation data were used to determine distance to school. Direct observations of student travel modes (two morning and two afternoon commutes at each time point) were used to assess transportation mode. Analysis. Chi-square and independent-sample t-tests were calculated to describe the schools. Repeated measures general linear models were used to assess changes in travel distance to school and observed commuting behavior. Results. Distance to school significantly decreased (1.83 ± .48 miles to 1.74 ± .46 miles; p = .002). We failed to observe any significant changes in morning (+.7%) or afternoon (–.7%) active commuting (both p = .08) or the number of automobiles in the morning (–7 autos per school; p = .06) or afternoon (+3 autos per school; p = .14). Conclusion. The more restrictive school choice policy decreased distance to school but had no significant effect on active commuting. Policy interventions designed to increase active commuting to school may require additional time to gain traction and programmatic support to induce changes in behavior.
Physician beliefs about the impact of meaningful use of the EHR
Authors: Ting D.Y. , Healey M. , Lipsitz S.R. , Karson A.S. , Einbinder J. S. , Leinen L. , Suric V. , Bates D.W. , Emani S. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryBackground: As adoption and use of electronic health records (EHRs) grows in the United States, there is a growing need in the field of applied clinical informatics to evaluate physician perceptions and beliefs about the impact of EHRs. The meaningful use of EHR incentive program provides a suitable context to examine physician beliefs about the impact of EHRs.Objective: Contribute to the sparse literature on physician beliefs about the impact of EHRs in areas such as quality of care, effectiveness of care, and delivery of care.Methods: A cross-sectional online survey of physicians at two academic medical centers (AMCs) in the northeast who were preparing to qualify for the meaningful use of EHR incentive program.Results: Of the 1,797 physicians at both AMCs who were preparing to qualify for the incentive program, 967 completed the survey for an overall response rate of 54%. Only 23% and 27% of physicians agreed or strongly agreed that meaningful use of the EHR will help them improve the care they personally deliver and improve quality of care respectively. Physician specialty was significantly associated with beliefs; e.g., 35% of primary care physicians agreed or strongly agreed that meaningful use will improve quality of care compared to 26% of medical specialists and 21% of surgical specialists (p=0.009). Satisfaction with outpatient EHR was also significantly related to all belief items.Conclusions: Only about a quarter of physicians in our study responded positively that meaningful use of the EHR will improve quality of care and the care they personally provide. These findings are similar to and extend findings from qualitative studies about negative perceptions that physicians hold about the impact of EHRs. Factors outside of the regulatory context, such as physician beliefs, need to be considered in the implementation of the meaningful use of the EHR incentive program.Citation: Emani S, Ting DY, Healey M, Lipsitz SR, Karson AS, Einbinder JS, Leinen L, Suric V, Bates DW. Physician beliefs about the impact of meaningful use of the EHR: A cross-sectional study. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 789–801http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2014-05-RA-0050
Recent Trends in Appalachian Migration, 2005-2009
Authors: Ludke Robert L. , Obermiller Phillip J. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
This study briefly reviews the major findings of Appalachian migration research during the twentieth century before turning to an analysis of 2005-2009 American Community Survey data on migration as it affects Appalachia. The questions guiding the analysis are: Is large-scale migration still affecting the region? What is the magnitude of the migration flows within as well as into and out of the region? What is the magnitude of in- and outmigration at the subregional level and at the county level by economic type? What is the pattern of migration between the urban and rural areas within the region? What is the "turnover" rate (inmigrants + outmigrants/total population) for the various geographic areas studied? The findings indicate that after the large-scale population movements of the previous century, the Appalachian region is now in a period of relative population stability with low turnover rates. The majority of Appalachians were non-movers, and most of those who did move stayed within their own counties or moved to other Appalachian counties. This stability may reflect a temporary lull caused by the recent economic downturn and the concomitant lack of job opportunities; migration rates can be expected to rise should job opportunities become more plentiful. Unexpected outcomes of the study include the finding that, among international movers to Appalachia, Asians far surpass Central American immigrants, and that the number of European immigrants to the region is on a par with that of Central American immigrants.
Reflections on an Environmental Education Summer Program in Appalachian Ohio
Authors: Watson Sarah A. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
In this teaching note I offer thoughts and reflections on my research that focused on the 2011 summer environmental education day camps run by the Appalachian Ohio non-profit Rural Action. During the summer, two camps were conducted with one based in Perry County, Ohio, and the other in Athens County, Ohio. Rural Action worked with local watershed restoration groups to facilitate programming that focused on local environmental issues, including discussing acid mine drainage. By offering descriptions of different camp activities, I offer some thoughts about the effectiveness of the activities and also highlight some of the struggles camp organizers faced. Additionally, I reflect on some of the different socio-economic dynamics that infiltrated and shaped the camps, which made it difficult for camp organizers to conduct the same camp in the two different areas. Ultimately, this teaching note is offered as a way to encourage critical conversations about environmental education programming in Appalachia.
Studies on the Local Angular Distortion and Spin Hamiltonian Parameters for the Trigonal Co2+ Center in MgCl2
Authors: Hu Xian-Fen , Wu Shao-Yi , Kuang Min-Quan , Li Guo-Liang 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The local angular distortion and spin Hamiltonian parameters (g factors g||, g⊥ and the hyperfine structure constants) for the trigonal Co2+ center in MgCl2 are theoretically studied by diagonalizing the 6×6 energy matrix of ground 4T1 state for a trigonally distorted octahedral 3d7 cluster. Based on the cluster approach, the contributions from the admixtures of various J (= 1/2;3/2;5/2) states and the ligand orbital and spin-orbit coupling interactions are taken into account in a uniform way. The local impurity-ligand bond angle in the Co2+ center is found to be about 3.44° larger than the host metal-ligand bond angle in the pure crystal due to substitution of smaller Mg2+ by bigger Co2+, inducing a further compressed ligand octahedron. The calculated spin Hamiltonian parameters using the above local angular distortion are in good agreement with the experimental data. The present studies on the local structure and the spin Hamiltonian parameters for Co2+ in MgCl2 are tentatively extended to a more general case by comparing the relevant impurity behaviours for Co2+ in various trigonal environments.
Dermal Papilla Cells Improve the Wound Healing Process and Generate Hair Bud-Like Structures in Grafted Skin Substitutes Using Hair Follicle Stem Cells
Authors: Leirós Gustavo José , Kusinsky Ana Gabriela , Drago Hugo , Bossi Silvia , Sturla Flavio , Castellanos María Lía , Stella Inés Yolanda , Balañá María Eugenia 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Tissue-engineered skin represents a useful strategy for the treatment of deep skin injuries and might contribute to the understanding of skin regeneration. The use of dermal papilla cells (DPCs) as a dermal component in a permanent composite skin with human hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) was evaluated by studying the tissue-engineered skin architecture, stem cell persistence, hair regeneration, and graft-take in nude mice. A porcine acellular dermal matrix was seeded with HFSCs alone and with HFSCs plus human DPCs or dermal fibroblasts (DFs). In vitro, the presence of DPCs induced a more regular and multilayered stratified epidermis with more basal p63-positive cells and invaginations. The DPC-containing constructs more accurately mimicked the skin architecture by properly stratifying the differentiating HFSCs and developing a well-ordered epithelia that contributed to more closely recapitulate an artificial human skin. This acellular dermal matrix previously repopulated in vitro with HFSCs and DFs or DPCs as the dermal component was grafted in nude mice. The presence of DPCs in the composite substitute not only favored early neovascularization, good assimilation and remodeling after grafting but also contributed to the neovascular network maturation, which might reduce the inflammation process, resulting in a better healing process, with less scarring and wound contraction. Interestingly, only DPC-containing constructs showed embryonic hair bud-like structures with cells of human origin, presence of precursor epithelial cells, and expression of a hair differentiation marker. Although preliminary, these findings have demonstrated the importance of the presence of DPCs for proper skin repair.
Une étude des relations significatives d’un ex-détenu : aux sources identificatoires de la conflictualité
Authors: Gabrion France , Brunet Louis 
Published: August 2014

Cet article présente une analyse des relations marquantes ayant teinté la vie d’un ex-détenu dont la carrière criminelle a été caractérisée par de nombreux recels. L’objectif principal est de comprendre comment certaines relations significatives ont influencé le cheminement criminel d’un homme condamné à de multiples sentences d’emprisonnement. Douze entretiens avec un criminel réhabilité ont permis de dégager trois sphères conflictuelles de ses relations interpersonnelles, regroupées sous les thèmes suivants : l’importance de la méfiance, la protection contre l’attachement et la non-valeur d’autrui. Ces thèmes sont analysés et mis en rapport avec des figures significatives de son histoire, mettant en lumière la complexité des enjeux identificatoires et projectifs en cause. En outre, l’analyse fait ressortir comment des relations significatives sont devenues des identifications structurant le devenir criminel de cet homme. Le texte fait le lien entre ces analyses et les modèles psychocriminologiques et psychanalytiques des relations d’objet et des identifications.
Effect of Abdominal Liposuction on Sonographically Guided High‐Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation
Authors: Zhao Wen-Peng , Chen Jin-Yun , Chen Wen-Zhi 
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of abdominal liposuction on sonographically guided high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation.MethodsA total of 10 women with uterine fibroids or adenomyosis who had received abdominal liposuction were analyzed after sonographically guided HIFU ablation. Of the 10 women, 6 had a diagnosis of uterine fibroids, and 4 had a diagnosis of uterine adenomyosis. All of them had a history of a horizontal‐margin split‐cesarean delivery. In addition, 26 women with a history of a single horizontal‐margin split‐cesarean delivery who had a diagnosis of uterine fibroids or adenomyosis but had not received liposuction were analyzed together as a control group.ResultsOf the 10 women, 1 woman with uterine fibroids developed local skin erythema after treatment; 1 women with uterine adenomyosis developed a skin burn after treatment; and the remaining women had obvious skin‐burning pain during treatment. All women who had not received liposuction finished the treatment with no serious adverse events during or after treatment. The pain scores and incidence of skin‐burning pain were significantly higher in the liposuction group than the control group (P= .021 and .038, respectively).ConclusionsAbdominal liposuction may increase the risk of skin burns during sonographically guided HIFU ablation.
Role of Sonography in the Differentiation of Benign, High‐Risk, and Malignant Papillary Lesions of the Breast
Authors: Kuzmiak Cherie M. , Lewis Mary Q. , Zeng Donglin , Liu Xiaoxi 
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesThe purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the sonographic features of benign, high‐risk, and malignant papillary lesions of the breast.MethodsWe conducted a search of our institution's breast biopsy database for all papillary lesions with sonographic findings and final surgical pathologic diagnoses from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2009. We retrospectively reviewed the breast sonographic findings of 23 benign papillomas, 14 papillomas with associated atypical ductal hyperplasia, and 14 papillary carcinomas, all surgically proven. These 51 lesions in 50 patients comprised our data set. The imaging reports, pathologic records, and surgical records of these patients were reviewed, and statistical analysis was performed.ResultsThe findings for 50 patients (age range, 26–92 years; mean, 55.2 years) with 51 lesions were reviewed. One patient had bilateral breast cancer. Size and margin features showed statistically significant differences (P < .05) between the lesions. Twelve (47.9%) benign papillomas, 10 (71.4%) high‐risk lesions, and 13 (92.9%) malignant lesions were larger than 1 cm. Sixteen (69.6%) benign papillomas, 10 (71.4%) high‐risk lesions, and only 4 (28.6%) malignant lesions had circumscribed margins. With regard to echo pattern, there was a statistically significant difference between the lesions (P< .01). Twenty (87.0%) benign papillomas, 4 (28.6%) high‐risk lesions, and 10 (71.4%) malignant lesions were hypoechoic. Posterior sonographic features were also statistically significant (P < .05), with malignant and high‐risk lesions being associated with posterior enhancement or shadowing. Another statistically significant difference (P < .01) was intralesional vascularity, which was seen more frequently with malignant lesions. Regardless of lesion type, the distance from the nipple, shape, orientation, surrounding tissue change, and associated calcifications were not significant.ConclusionsOur results suggest that sonographic features that may potentially assist in differentiating papillary lesions include size, margin, echo pattern, posterior features, and intralesional vascularity.