bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorporation of Pazopanib in Maintenance Therapy of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: du Bois Andreas , Floquet Anne , Kim Jae-Weon , Rau Joern , del Campo Josep M. , Friedlander Michael , Pignata Sandro , Fujiwara Keiichi , Vergote Ignace , Colombo Nicoletta , Mirza Mansoor R. , Monk Bradley J. , Kimmig Rainer , Ray-Coquard Isabelle , Zang Rongyu , Diaz-Padilla Ivan , Baumann Klaus H. , Mouret-Reynier Marie-Ange , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kurzeder Christian , Lesoin Anne , Vasey Paul , Marth Christian , Canzler Ulrich , Scambia Giovanni , Shimada Muneaki , Calvert Paula , Pujade-Lauraine Eric , Kim Byoung-Gie , Herzog Thomas J. , Mitrica Ionel , Schade-Brittinger Carmen , Wang Qiong , Crescenzo Rocco , Harter Philipp 
Published: September 2014

Purpose Pazopanib is an oral, multikinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) -1/-2/-3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) -α/-β, and c-Kit. Preclinical and clinical studies support VEGFR and PDGFR as targets for advanced ovarian cancer treatment. This study evaluated the role of pazopanib maintenance therapy in patients with ovarian cancer whose disease did not progress during first-line chemotherapy. Patients and Methods Nine hundred forty patients with histologically confirmed cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, or peritoneum, International Federation Gynecology Obstetrics (FIGO) stages II-IV, no evidence of progression after primary therapy consisting of surgery and at least five cycles of platinum-taxane chemotherapy were randomized 1:1 to receive pazopanib 800 mg once per day or placebo for up to 24 months. The primary end point was progression-free survival by RECIST 1.0 assessed by the investigators. Results Maintenance pazopanib prolonged progression-free survival compared with placebo (hazard ratio [HR], 0.77; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.91; P = .0021; median, 17.9 v 12.3 months, respectively). Interim survival analysis based on events in 35.6% of the population did not show any significant difference. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events of hypertension (30.8%), neutropenia (9.9%), liver-related toxicity (9.4%), diarrhea (8.2%), fatigue (2.7%), thrombocytopenia (2.5%), and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (1.9%) were significantly higher in the pazopanib arm. Treatment discontinuation related to adverse events was higher among patients treated with pazopanib (33.3%) compared with placebo (5.6%). Conclusion Pazopanib maintenance therapy provided a median improvement of 5.6 months (HR, 0.77) in progression-free survival in patients with advanced ovarian cancer who have not progressed after first-line chemotherapy. Overall survival data to this point did not suggest any benefit. Additional analysis should help to identify subgroups of patients in whom improved efficacy may balance toxicity (NCT00866697).
Importance of Surveillance and Success of Salvage Strategies After Definitive Chemoradiation in Patients With Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Sudo Kazuki , Xiao Lianchun , Wadhwa Roopma , Shiozaki Hironori , Elimova Elena , Taketa Takashi , Blum Mariela A. , Lee Jeffrey H. , Bhutani Manoop S. , Weston Brian , Ross William A. , Komaki Ritsuko , Rice David C. , Swisher Stephen G. , Hofstetter Wayne L. , Maru Dipen M. , Skinner Heath D. , Ajani Jaffer A. 
Published: September 2014

Purpose Patients with esophageal carcinoma (EC) who are treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (bimodality therapy [BMT]) experience frequent relapses. In a large cohort, we assessed the timing, frequency, and types of relapses during an aggressive surveillance program and the value of the salvage strategies. Patients and Methods Patients with EC (N = 276) who received BMT were analyzed. Patients who had surgery within 6 months of chemoradiotherapy were excluded to reduce bias. We focused on local relapse (LR) and distant metastases (DM) and the salvage treatment of patients with LR only. Standard statistical methods were applied. Results The median follow-up time was 54.3 months (95% CI, 48.4 to 62.4). First relapses included LR only in 23.2% (n = 64), DM with or without LR in 43.5% (n = 120), and no relapses in 33.3% (n = 92) of patients. Final relapses included no relapses in 33.3%, LR only in 14.5%, DM only in 15.9%, and DM plus LR in 36.2% of patients. Ninety-one percent of LRs occurred within 2 years and 98% occurred within 3 years of BMT. Twenty-three (36%) of 64 patients with LR only underwent salvage surgery, and their median overall survival was 58.6 months (95% CI, 28.8 to not reached) compared with those patients with LR only who were unable to undergo surgery (9.5 months; 95% CI, 7.8 to 13.3). Conclusion Unlike in patients undergoing trimodality therapy, for whom surveillance/salvage treatment plays a lesser role, 1 in the BMT population, approximately 8% of all patients (or 36% of patients with LR only) with LRs occurring more than 6 months after chemoradiotherapy can undergo salvage treatment, and their survival is excellent. Our data support vigilant surveillance, at least in the first 24 months after chemotherapy, in these patients.
Evaluating a weight management package for overweight primary school children
Authors: Boyle Nicola , Anderson Jane 
Published: September 2014

The school nursing and dietetic services in Central London Community Healthcare NHS Trust developed a targeted childhood weight management programme, FamilyStart, in response to the obesity rates in Kensington and Chelsea. In 2013, FamilyStart was piloted with school nurses leading on delivery to children and their families identified as overweight (BMI >91st–98th centile) through the National Childhood Measurement Programme (NCMP) and local Year 3 measurements. Participating families attended three individualised appointments over an average period of 106 days (3.5 months). 79% of completing children successfully reduced BMI z-score with an average decrease of 0.13. Additional benefits were seen with improvements of nutrition and activity knowledge, behaviours and high attainment levels of individualised goals.
Prediction of the Decay and Termite Resistance of Western Red Cedar Heartwood
Authors: Stirling Rod , Morris Paul I. , Grace J. Kenneth 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Western red cedar (WRC; Thuja plicata) is highly valued for its natural durability. Rapid methods to assess heartwood durability are needed to identify breeding stock that will ultimately yield trees with durable wood when harvested. Chromatographic methods to detect heartwood extractives have been developed, but these still require significant time and laboratory resources and rely upon an understanding of the relationship between extractives and durability that is still incomplete. Visible/near-infrared (VIS/NIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analysis has been used to rapidly predict a wide range of wood properties, including extractive content and decay resistance. The present work investigates the ability of VIS/NIR spectroscopy to predict extractive content, decay resistance, and termite resistance of WRC heartwood and explores the association between extractive content and durability. Partial least squares (PLS) models based on VIS/NIR spectra had moderate predictive ability for lignans, plicatic acid, beta-thujaplicinol, and total extractives. Other extractives were poorly predicted. Developed PLS models were not predictive for decay resistance but were moderately predictive of termite resistance. Decay and termite resistance were not strongly associated with any measured extractive. A moderately strong correlation was observed between termite resistance and red coloration (a*). Some of the models developed may be suitable for screening, but none are accurate enough for phenotyping.
Maintained and acquired heritage Spanish in the Netherlands: The case of dative constructions
Authors: Irizarri van Suchtelen Pablo 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The present study examines five types of dative constructions in heritage Spanish in the Netherlands. Elicited production data from first generation bilinguals and heritage speakers were analyzed and compared to those of monolingual controls. The results indicate that the first generation is not different from the monolingual baseline in their use of datives. The heritage group showed a remarkable subdivision: those with a history of relatively high exposure to Spanish in childhood, move away significantly from the use of dative experiencers and datives of interest, while they are native-like regarding the other constructions. Those who grew up with only one Spanish speaking parent and/or did not productively use Spanish in childhood, however, appear to avoid or restructure all dative constructions. Moreover, the observed innovations correlate with speech rate. It is hypothesized that, whereas influence of Dutch may be one of the factors at play, particularly in the case of dative experiencers and datives of interest, a principal underlying factor to all observed innovations is a Spanish-internal optimization mechanism of omitting dative verbal clitics, which serves to free up processing resources in the less-automatized systems of those who had low childhood exposure to Spanish.
Heritage language use and maintenance in multilingual communities
Authors: Juan-Garau Maria 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Over the last decades, the amount of research on heritage language (HL) use and maintenance has increased exponentially, and a picture is beginning to emerge of the developmental patterns that are seen to take place and of the main factors that impinge on HL use and maintenance in increasingly multilingual settings. The present paper aims at providing a short account of relevant findings in this area and situating the studies in this special issue against that background. More specifically, we will consider the difficulties associated with HL maintenance at home, the impact of the different linguistic and cultural experiences HL learners go through on their identity, cross-linguistic influence between HLs and other languages present in the community, and issues related to HL education, particularly teacher language competencies.
Modeling of Hybrid Piezoelectrodynamic Generators
Authors: Zessin Henrik , Mateu Loreto , Spies Peter 
Published: September 2014

AbstractVibrational energy harvesters are used for collecting electrical power from mechanical vibrations and supplying low power applications. Combining a piezoelectric generator with an electrodynamic generator creates a hybrid piezoelectrodynamic generator. In this paper, a model for this hybrid generator is proposed. The model allows the accurate simulation of the mechanical and electrical part of the generator. It also makes it possible to analyze the waveforms and phase relationships of the two electrical outputs of the hybrid generator and thus simulate power management circuits and their feedback on the generator.
Nonlocal vibration of a carbon nanotube embedded in an elastic medium due to moving nanoparticle analyzed by modified Timoshenko beam theory-parametric excitation and spectral response
Authors: Senjanović Ivo , Tomić Marko , Hadžić Neven 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe Timoshenko beam theory, which deals with the deflection and rotation in two partial differential equations of motion, is transformed into a single partial differential equation with pure bending deflection as a potential function for the determination of the total deflection, rotation angle, and sectional forces. Inclusion of a nonlocal stress parameter results in the extension of the governing differential equation from the 4th to the 6th order. A simply supported nanotube is considered, and the governing differential equation is decomposed into a system of ordinary differential equations by employing the modal superposition method, separation of variables, and the Galerkin method. Both moving nanoparticle gravity and inertia force are consistently taken into account, resulting in ordinary and parametric excitation, respectively. As a novelty, the parameters are split into a constant and a time-dependent part. The former is added to the ordinary system of equations, which is solved analytically in the frequency domain by the harmonic balance method, while the system with variable coefficients is solved in the time domain by the perturbation method. The effects of slenderness ratio, nonlocal parameter, stiffness of elastic medium, nanoparticle gravity and inertia force, and velocity on the free and forced nanotube response are also investigated. Special attention is paid to the influence of damping on resonance. Performed parametric analysis is physically transparent due to the obtained semi-analytical solution. Some analytical results of illustrative examples are compared with numerical ones from the relevant literature, and notable differences are discussed.
Vitamin D status and its associations with components of metabolic syndrome in healthy children
Authors: Mellati Ali Awsat , Sharifi Faranak , Faghihzade Soghrat , Mousaviviri Seyed Akbar , Chiti Hosain , Kazemi Seyed Ali Naghi 
Published: September 2014

AbstractHigh prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency has been reported in populations of different countries. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence and association of vitamin D status with components of metabolic syndrome.Lipid profile indices, anthropometric indices [body mass index and waist circumference (WC)], insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), C-reactive protein, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration were evaluated in 297 healthy schoolchildren aged 7–11 years. Multivariate linear regression was used to determine independent predictors associated with low serum 25(OH)D concentrations.The mean serum 25(OH)D concentration was 14.12±8.20 ng/mL (35.3±20.5 nmol/L); 96% of children had low serum 25(OH)D levels, 31.0% were deficient, and 65.0% had insufficient levels of 25(OH)D. Vitamin D deficiency was higher in girls (χThe prevalence of low vitamin D level in the studied healthy children was high and it is correlated with some components of metabolic syndrome. Outdoor activity for optimum sun exposure and additional studies are needed to evaluate the underlying metabolic syndrome components and hypovitaminosis D complications.
Die Bundeswehr als Zauberlehrling der Politik? Der ISAF-Einsatz und das Provincial Reconstruction Team Kunduz 2003 bis 2012
Authors: Chiari Bernhard 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Using the example of the Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT) in Kunduz, the paper explores the capabilities of military history to contribute to current debates on the change of German Military- and Security policy by providing studies on the »army on operations«. Based on official sources, which the German MoD made generally accessible for researchers of the MGFA/ZMSBw in 2011, the author analyzes the Bundeswehr’s presence in Kunduz between 2003 and 2012. He critically assesses, to what extent the Bundeswehr - aside from supply, logistics and force protection - actually did produce security and stability in Afghanistan. Documents and interviews give an insight into how conceptions of conflict resolution and Peace Building, based on lessons learned on the Balkans, interacted with the experiences made in Northern Afghanistan, but failed to prevent the spread of the Taliban-movement. Field reports, war diaries and other sources reflect the complex interdependency between the troops in the field, higher ISAF commands, and the responsible military staffs in Germany.
Dimensions of Sales Tax Exemption Policy: The Arizona Model
Authors: Hager Mark A. , McArdle Susanne 
Published: September 2014

AbstractState exemption of qualified nonprofit organizations from paying sales taxes on certain purchases is one tool by which government encourages private development and delivery of public goods. We review Arizona’s “transaction privilege” exemption for health nonprofits through review of statutes, interviews with state officials, interviews with nonprofits that seek and make use of the exemption, and secret shopping with Arizona businesses to see how they react to requests for tax-exempt purchases. We conclude that public data is inadequate for a full policy evaluation and that current exemption procedures include imprecision regarding which nonprofits qualify for the benefit. Nonetheless, given the policy goal of advancing public goods, we suggest that the exemption might fruitfully be extended to other categories of qualified nonprofits.
Responsive Microgels at Surfaces and Interfaces
Authors: Wellert Stefan , Richter Marcel , Hellweg Thomas , von Klitzing Regine , Hertle Yvonne 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Stimuli responsive surface structures attract increasing attention due
to a large variety of envisioned applications. The controlled
organization of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamid), PNIPAM microgel
particles at solid surfaces inspired numerous research activities. In
this review article, we briefly discuss the swelling/deswelling
properties of adsorbed microgel particles in comparison to the
behavior in the bulk phase. The presence of the solid interface highly
influences and changes their behavior with respect to the properties
in solution. Furthermore, the confinement on a solid substrate allows
the direct and in-situ investigation of the mechanical properties of
the microgel particles. Additionally, we briefly review the research
on microgel particles at liquid interfaces. At these interfaces new
interesting effects occur. Moreover, we discuss some interesting work
on potential applications. In this context, microgel particles are
often used as an active component for responsive coatings of various
functionality envisioning applications, e.g. in medicine,
biotechnology, and nanooptics.
Emergency Hospitalizations for Unsupervised Prescription Medication Ingestions by Young Children
Authors: Lovegrove Maribeth C. , Mathew Justin , Hampp Christian , Governale Laura , Wysowski Diane K. , Budnitz Daniel S. 
Published: September 2014

BACKGROUND:
Emergency department visits and subsequent hospitalizations of young children after unsupervised ingestions of prescription medications are increasing despite widespread use of child-resistant packaging and caregiver education efforts. Data on the medications implicated in ingestions are limited but could help identify prevention priorities and intervention strategies.

METHODS:
We used nationally representative adverse drug event data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System–Cooperative Adverse Drug Event Surveillance project and national retail pharmacy prescription data from IMS Health to estimate the frequency and rates of emergency hospitalizations for unsupervised prescription medication ingestions by young children (2007–2011).

RESULTS:
On the basis of 1513 surveillance cases, 9490 estimated emergency hospitalizations (95% confidence interval: 6420–12 560) occurred annually in the United States for unsupervised prescription medication ingestions among children aged &lt;6 years from 2007 through 2011; 75.4% involved 1- or 2-year old children. Opioids (17.6%) and benzodiazepines (10.1%) were the most commonly implicated medication classes. The most commonly implicated active ingredients were buprenorphine (7.7%) and clonidine (7.4%). The top 12 active ingredients, alone or in combination with others, were implicated in nearly half (45.0%) of hospitalizations. Accounting for the number of unique patients who received dispensed prescriptions, the hospitalization rate for unsupervised ingestion of buprenorphine products was significantly higher than rates for all other commonly implicated medications and 97-fold higher than the rate for oxycodone products (200.1 vs 2.1 hospitalizations per 100 000 unique patients).

CONCLUSIONS:
Focusing unsupervised ingestion prevention efforts on medications with the highest hospitalization rates may efficiently achieve large public health impact.
Effect of Gd-substitution at Y-site on the structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of Y1-xGdxMnO3 (x=0, 0.05) nanoparticles
Authors: Chauhan Samta , Srivastava Saurabh Kumar , Rajput Amit Singh , Chandra Ramesh 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTEffect of Gd substitution at Y-site on the structural and magnetic properties of Y1-xGdxMnO3 (x=0, 0.05) nanoparticles prepared by conventional solid state reaction method has been studied. The structural study using X-ray diffraction pattern indicates the hexagonal structure with P63cm space group for all the samples. The average particle size for all the samples lies in the range of 30-40 nm as confirmed by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analysis. The change in a and c lattice parameters confirm the substitution of Gd at Y-site. Magnetization versus temperature measurements show enhanced magnetic moment and an increase in Neel temperature with Gd-doping. Spin glass behavior is observed at low temperature in all the samples. Exchange bias effect has been observed at 5 K after field cooling the samples which is ascribed to the formation of antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic (AFM-FM) core-shell structure of the nanoparticles. A significant improvement in the dielectric properties of Gd-doped samples has also been observed.
Efficacy and Safety of the FOLFOX4 Regimen Versus Doxorubicin in Chinese Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Subgroup Analysis of the EACH Study
Authors: Qin Shukui , Cheng Ying , Liang Jun , Shen Lin , Bai Yuxian , Li Jianfeng , Fan Jia , Liang Lijian , Zhang Yaqi , Wu Gang , Rau Kun-Ming , Yang Tsai-Shen , Jian Zhixiang , Liang Houjie , Sun Yan 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Background.
The EACH study assessed the efficacy of oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin (the FOLFOX4 regimen) compared with doxorubicin alone in terms of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We present the results of this study in Chinese patients.

Methods.
In a multicenter, open-label, randomized, phase III study (00471965), 371 patients (279 patients from the People's Republic of China) were randomized 1:1 to receive either FOLFOX4 or doxorubicin until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, death, or surgical resection.

Results.
Baseline characteristics of the Chinese patients enrolled in the study were similar for the 2 treatment groups and in comparison with the whole EACH cohort. Median OS at the prespecified time point of treatment was 5.7 months with FOLFOX4 and 4.3 months with doxorubicin (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55–0.98; p = .03). At the end of the follow-up period, median OS was 5.9 months with FOLFOX4 and 4.3 months with doxorubicin (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.58–0.98; p = .03). Median PFS was 2.4 months and 1.7 months in the FOLFOX4 and doxorubicin groups, respectively (HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.45–0.78; p = .0002). The response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR) were significantly higher in the FOLFOX4 group than in the doxorubicin group (RR: 8.6% vs. 1.4%, p = .006; DCR: 47.1% vs. 26.6%, p = .0004). Hematological toxicity was more frequently reported in the FOLFOX4 group.

Conclusion.
For Chinese HCC patients enrolled in the EACH study, FOLFOX4 significantly improved the RR and DCR and prolonged survival compared with doxorubicin. Systemic chemotherapy with oxaliplatin-based regimens may play an important role in the treatment of Chinese patients with advanced HCC.