bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BOLD signal and functional connectivity associated with loving kindness meditation
Authors: Garrison Kathleen A. , Scheinost Dustin , Constable R. Todd , Brewer Judson A. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractLoving kindness is a form of meditation involving directed well‐wishing, typically supported by the silent repetition of phrases such as “may all beings be happy,” to foster a feeling of selfless love. Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess the neural substrate of loving kindness meditation in experienced meditators and novices. We first assessed group differences in blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) signal during loving kindness meditation. We next used a relatively novel approach, the intrinsic connectivity distribution of functional connectivity, to identify regions that differ in intrinsic connectivity between groups, and then used a data‐driven approach to seed‐based connectivity analysis to identify which connections differ between groups. Our findings suggest group differences in brain regions involved in self‐related processing and mind wandering, emotional processing, inner speech, and memory. Meditators showed overall reduced BOLD signal and intrinsic connectivity during loving kindness as compared to novices, more specifically in the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus (PCC/PCu), a finding that is consistent with our prior work and other recent neuroimaging studies of meditation. Furthermore, meditators showed greater functional connectivity during loving kindness between the PCC/PCu and the left inferior frontal gyrus, whereas novices showed greater functional connectivity during loving kindness between the PCC/PCu and other cortical midline regions of the default mode network, the bilateral posterior insula lobe, and the bilateral parahippocampus/hippocampus. These novel findings suggest that loving kindness meditation involves a present‐centered, selfless focus for meditators as compared to novices.
Reducing anxiety and enhancing physical performance by using an advanced version of EMDR: a pilot study
Authors: Rathschlag Marco , Memmert Daniel 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe main aim of this pilot study was to investigate an advanced version of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) for reducing anxiety.MethodsFifty participants were asked at two times of measurement (T1 and T2 with a rest of 4 weeks) to generate anxiety via the recall of autobiographical memories according to their anxiety. Furthermore, the participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group, and the experimental group received an intervention of 1–2 h with the advanced version of EMDR in order to their anxiety 2 weeks after T1. At T1 as well as T2, we measured the intensity of participants' anxiety with a Likert scale (LS) and collected participants' state (temporary) and trait (chronic) anxiety with the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). In addition, we measured participants' physical performance in a test for the finger musculature under the induction of their anxiety.ResultsThe results showed that participant's ratings of their perceived intensity of anxiety (measured by a 9‐point LS) and the state and trait anxiety decreased significantly in the experimental group but not in the control group from T1 to T2. Moreover, the physical performance under the induction of participants' anxiety increased significantly in the experimental group from T1 to T2 and there were no significant changes in the control group.ConclusionsThe study could show that the advanced version of EMDR is an appropriate method to reduce anxiety.
Cryptic collagen IV promotes cell migration and adhesion in myeloid leukemia
Authors: Favreau Amanda J. , Vary Calvin P. H. , Brooks Peter C. , Sathyanarayana Pradeep 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPreviously, we showed that discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), a class of collagen‐activated receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) was highly upregulated on bone marrow (BM)‐derived CD33+ leukemic blasts of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Herein as DDR1 is a class of collagen‐activated RTK, we attempt to understand the role of native and remodeled collagen IV in BM microenvironment and its functional significance in leukemic cells. Exposure to denatured collagen IV significantly increased the migration and adhesion of K562 cells, which also resulted in increased activation of DDR1 and AKT. Further, levels of MMP9 were increased in conditioned media (CM) of denatured collagen IV exposed cells. Mass spectrometric liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry QSTAR proteomic analysis revealed exclusive presence of Secretogranin 3 and InaD‐like protein in the denatured collagen IV CM. Importantly, BM samples of AML patients exhibited increased levels of remodeled collagen IV compared to native as analyzed via anti‐HUIV26 antibody. Taken together, for the first time, we demonstrate that remodeled collagen IV is a potent activator of DDR1 and AKT that also modulates both migration and adhesion of myeloid leukemia cells. Additionally, high levels of the HUIV26 cryptic collagen IV epitope are expressed in BM of AML patients. Further understanding of this phenomenon may lead to the development of therapeutic agents that directly modulate the BM microenvironment and attenuate leukemogenesis.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Tertiary Alcohols
Authors: Müller Michael 
Published: February 2014

AbstractTertiary alcohols are found as a motif in many pharmaceuticals and natural products. Elucidation of their biosynthesis is thus a good starting point for the identification of enzymes for the synthesis of chiral tertiary alcohols. To date, however, relatively few enzymatic methods for such syntheses have been established in biotechnological processes. Whereas secondary alcohols can be efficiently synthesized via the (asymmetric) reduction of ketones, a generally applicable method for the enzymatic synthesis of tertiary alcohols has been more difficult to identify. Herein, a survey of the biocatalytic methods for the synthesis of (chiral) tertiary alcohols is presented. Advantages and disadvantages of the respective methods are discussed from a synthetic point of view.
Retinoic acid induces mouse bone marrow‐derived CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ stem cells into male germ‐like cells in a two‐dimensional cell culture system
Authors: Kashani Iraj Ragerdi , Zarnani Amir Hassan , Soleimani Masoud , Abdolvahabi Mir Abbas , Nayernia Karim , Shirazi Reza 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe have examined the effect of retinoic acid (RA) on differentiation of bone marrow‐derived CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ cells into male germ cells. Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from the femur of 3–4‐week‐old male C57BL/6 mice. Magnetic‐activated cell sorting (MACS) system was used to sort CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ cells. RT‐PCR was used to follow the expression of pluripotency markers. Sorted CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ cells were cultured in an undifferentiated condition on a feeder layer of mitomycin C‐inactivated C2C12. The embryoid‐like bodies were differentiated into male germ cells by retinoic acid. To identify the expression of male germ specific markers, differentiated cells were analysed by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunofluorescence staining. RT‐PCR and immunofluorescence show that bone marrow‐derived CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ cells express pluripotency markers, Oct4, Nanog, Rex‐1, SOX‐2 and AP. The purified CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ formed structures like embryoid bodies when plated over a feeder layer; these bodies were alkaline phosphatase positive. When cells were induced by RA, bone marrow‐derived CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ were positive for Mvh, Dazl, Piwil2, Dppa3 and Stra8, that known molecular markers of male germ cells. Thus RA can induce differentiation of mouse bone marrow‐derived CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ cells into male germ cells in vitro. Negative results for the gene expression analysis of female germ cells markers, GDF9 and ZP3, confirmed this conclusion.
Stent fracture: Insights on mechanisms, treatments, and outcomes from the food and drug administration manufacturer and user facility device experience database
Authors: Mamas Mamas A. , Foin Nicolas , Abunassar Chad , Khan Muhammad A. , Di Mario Carlo , Fraser Douglas G. 
Published: February 2014

ObjectivesStent fracture (SF) is an uncommon complication following percutaneous coronary intervention. Previous studies of SF have either been small single‐center studies or have reported data mainly from first generation platforms. The FDA MAUDE database was used to identify cases of SF to gain mechanistic insight into procedural and anatomical factors predisposing to this complication, to define treatment and associated clinical outcomes in contemporary and first generation stent platforms.Methods and ResultsUsing defined search terms, 376 unique reports of SF were identified in the FDA MAUDE database of which 336 (89.4%) occurred in first generation stent platforms with 96.1% occurring in the Cypher platform. The remaining 40 reports (10.6%) occurred with a similar distribution of cases across different contemporary platforms. Common vessel characteristics associated with SF included calcification, tortuosity, stent overlap, and significant angulation with the most common modality of presentation being in‐stent restenosis or stent thrombosis.ConclusionsSF occurs most commonly in first generation Cypher stents with a similar distribution of cases across different contemporary platforms. Optimal treatment strategy remains unclear with the decision to treat and the modality of treatment utilized depending on the type and severity of SF © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Major thrombocytopenia after balloon‐expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Prognostic implications and comparison to surgical aortic valve replacement
Authors: Jilaihawi Hasan , Doctor Niraj , Chakravarty Tarun , Kashif Mohammad , Mirocha James , Cheng Wen , Lill Michael , Nakamura Mamoo , Gheorghiu Mitch , Makkar Raj R. 
Published: February 2014

ObjectivesWe sought to investigate the magnitude and clinical importance of thrombocytopenia post transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).BackgroundThrombocytopenia has been observed after TAVR but has not been well studied.MethodsMajor thrombocytopenia (platelet count <100 × 109/L) was studied following aortic valve interventions in a single center. Changes in platelets were compared in 246 patients undergoing balloon‐expandable TAVR and a similar population of 57 cases undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR in the US PARTNER IA trial).ResultsAn early drop in platelets was seen on the day of intervention. The drop day 1 post procedure was similar but slightly greater with SAVR vs. TAVR. In both platelet counts continued to drop, reaching a nadir of approximately 50–60% of the baseline platelet count at day 2–3, starting to recover after day 5. Early major thrombocytopenia occurred post TAVR in 37% of patients but was not significantly related to major bleeding (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.51–1.60, P = 0.69) or risk of stroke (HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.16–2.20, P = 0.45); there was a trend to greater acute kidney injury (OR 1.76, 95% CI 0.95–3.26, P = 0.073) and mortality (HR 1.47, 95% CI 0.98–2.22, P = 0.065). Major thrombocytopenia was persistent in 7.7% of patients and this was independently associated with mortality (HR 3.65, 95% CI 1.63–8.16, P = 0.002).ConclusionsPost‐TAVR thrombocytopenia is a common phenomenon and its magnitude appears similar to that seen after SAVR. It is most often transient, not associated with adverse sequelae and, unless persistent, should be managed in an expectant fashion. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Immediate and short‐term outcomes after percutaneous atrial septal defect closure using the new nit‐occlud ASD‐R device
Authors: Peirone Alejandro , Contreras Alejandro , Ferrero Adolfo , da Costa Rodrigo Nieckel , Pedra Simone Fontes , Pedra Carlos A.C. 
Published: February 2014

ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of implantation of the new Nit Occlud ASD‐R® (NOASD‐R) device for percutaneous closure of ostium secundum atrial septal defects (ASD‐OS).BackgroundDevice catheter implantation has become the method of choice for most patients with ASD‐OS. No single device has proven to be ideal for this type of procedure. The NOASD‐R has a distinct design that may help to overcome limitations of other devices.MethodsA prospective, single arm, observational study including all consecutive patients receiving the NOASD‐R device for ASD‐OS closure between October 2011 and September 2013 was performed. Patient selection, device design, deployment technique, complications, and procedural outcomes were evaluated.ResultsSeventy‐four patients underwent attempted transcatheter ASD‐OS closure using the NOASD‐R device. Implantation of the occluder was successful in 73 patients (98.6%). The majority of patients were female (79.5%) with a median age of 17.2 years (range: 2–74). A 2‐D transthoracic color‐Doppler echocardiogram (TTE) obtained at the 3 or 6 month follow‐up visit showed complete occlusion of the ASD‐OS in 72/73 patients (98.6%). At a mean follow‐up interval of 11.4 ± 6.8 months there have been no episodes of late device embolization, cardiac perforation or erosion, endocarditis, thromboembolism, wire fracture, embolic neurologic events, or death.ConclusionsWe report the first worldwide clinical experience using the NOASD‐R device for ASD‐OS closure. The procedure was feasible, with a high rate of successful implantations, and safe. High ASD‐OS closure rates and no complications were encountered during short‐term follow‐up. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
What is the cause of the opthalmoplegia in this young child? What treatment is necessary?
Authors: Kassam Karim , Visavadia Bhavin 
Published: February 2014

Key Clinical MessageNot all orbital fractures are associated with clinical signs of swelling, ecchymosis, and subconjunctival hemorrhage. The “white‐eyed” blowout fracture is more commonly seen in children and is associated with entrapment of the extraocular muscles. Early surgical intervention is indicated and it must have been in the differential diagnosis of the head injury patient with opthalmoplegia.
Nickel–Gallium Intermetallic Nanocrystal Catalysts in the Semihydrogenation of Phenylacetylene
Authors: Li Changming , Chen Yudi , Zhang Shitong , Zhou Junyao , Wang Fei , He Shan , Wei Min , Evans David G. , Duan Xue 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe chemoselective hydrogenation of alkyne is of great importance in the chemical industry, in which intermetallic compounds (IMCs) have attracted extensive interest as efficient catalysts. Herein, we demonstrate the preparation of several supported Ni–Ga IMCs (Ni3Ga, Ni5Ga3, and NiGa) via a facile in situ reduction of layered double hydroxide (LDH) precursors, which demonstrate significantly improved catalytic activity and selectivity for the selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene to styrene. The composition and particle size of Ni–Ga IMCs can be tuned by adjusting the Ni/Ga ratio or reduction temperature during the topotactic transformation process of LDHs, and the best catalytic behavior can be obtained over the Ni3Ga IMC with a styrene yield of 87.7 % (particle size=7.2 nm at 40 °C and 0.3 MPa), which is better than that of most of the reported Ni catalysts. The X‐ray absorption fine‐structure characterization and DFT calculations reveal the electron transfer from Ga to Ni and active‐site isolation by Ga in Ni–Ga IMCs, which account for the excellent hydrogenation selectivity. The significantly improved catalytic performance makes Ni–Ga IMC catalysts promising candidates for the selective hydrogenation of alkyne.
Effect of the Nature of the CeO2 Support of the Rh Catalyst on Triggering the Oxidative Reforming of n‐Butane for H2 Production from Ambient Temperature
Authors: Sato Katsutoshi , Adachi Kouhei , Takita Yusaku , Nagaoka Katsutoshi 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThree Rh catalysts supported on CeO2 with different specific surface areas and redox properties were prepared and evaluated for their ability to trigger the oxidative reforming of n‐butane from ambient temperature (≈300 K). The reference CeO2 catalysts supplied by the Catalyst Society of Japan (JRC‐CEO‐1, ‐3, and ‐4) were used as supports. Temperature‐programmed reduction and O2 titration measurements over the reduced catalysts indicated that a high number of surface CeO2 sites that were reducible below 573 K were present on the Rh/CEO‐3 catalyst; this catalyst had the largest specific surface area, and it generated sufficient heat by oxidizing CeO2−x [ΔH(298 K)=−368 kJ; x=0.5] after H2 reduction at 773 K. Furthermore, the temperature‐programmed reactions revealed that forming fine Rh particles on the high surface area of CEO‐3 lowers the autoignition temperature (498 K) of the oxidative reforming of n‐butane because the number of exposed Rh sites initiating reactions between n‐butane and O2 is large. Thus, the Rh/CEO‐3 catalyst could trigger the oxidative reforming of n‐butane at ambient temperature after H2 reduction at 773 K owing to the heat generated by the spontaneous oxidation of CeO2−x. In contrast, other catalysts could not trigger the reaction after reduction at the same temperature.
Improved Selectivity toward Light Olefins in the Reaction of Toluene with Methanol Over the Modified HZSM‐5 Catalyst
Authors: Bi Yi , Wang Yingli , Wei Yingxu , He Yanli , Yu Zhengxi , Liu Zhongmin , Xu Lei 
Published: February 2014

AbstractLight olefins and para‐xylene were produced with high selectivity in the reaction of toluene with methanol over a modified HZSM‐5 catalyst. Ordered mesoporous structure and weaker acidic sites led to significant contribution to the selectivity toward para‐xylene. By means of a single‐pulse reaction and the temperature‐programmed surface reaction, it was confirmed that the presence of toluene and as‐produced xylene shortened the reaction induction period and reduced the formation temperature of ethylene and propylene, which was beneficial to improve the selectivity toward light olefins, particularly ethylene.
Rhodium Catalyzed ortho‐Cyanation of Arylphosphates with N‐cyano‐N‐phenyl‐p‐toluenesulfonamide
Authors: Gu Li‐Jun , Jin Cheng , Wang Rui , Ding Hong‐Yan 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA rhodium‐catalyzed cyanation of chelation assisted CH bonds is described. This process provided a useful method for the preparation of diverse 2‐cyanated arylphosphonate and related compounds in good yields. The reaction tolerates a variety of synthetically important functional groups.
Fe3O4@SiO2–TEMPO as a Magnetically Recyclable Catalyst for Highly Selective Aerobic Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5‐Diformylfuran under Metal‐ and Halogen‐Free Conditions
Authors: Karimi Babak , Mirzaei Hamid M. , Farhangi Elham 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA highly selective aerobic oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) into 2,5‐diformylfuran (DFF) by employing a magnetically separable 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxide (TEMPO) catalyst (Fe3O4@SiO2–TEMPO) under metal‐ and halogen‐free conditions is described. Quantitative yields of DFF with excellent selectivities as high as >99 % were achieved under several versatile reaction conditions in a catalytic system consisting of Fe3O4@SiO2–TEMPO as a catalyst, tert‐butyl nitrite as a co‐catalyst, acetic acid as an additive, and toluene as a solvent. The results clearly demonstrate that the present catalytic system for selective conversion of 5‐HMF into DFF is comparable or even superior to the many systems based on transition‐metal catalysts. In addition, the catalyst can be successfully recovered and reused in five consecutive reaction runs by an external magnetic source with keeping its catalytic performance and selectivity.
Tracking “Apolar” NMe4+ Ions within Two Polyoxothiomolybdates that Have the Same Pores: Smaller Clathrate and Larger Highly Porous Clusters in Action
Authors: Korenev Vladimir S. , Boulay Antoine G. , Haouas Mohamed , Bannani Fatma , Fedin Vladimir P. , Sokolov Maxim N. , Terazzi Emmanuel , Garai Somenath , Müller Achim , Taulelle Francis , Marrot Jérôme , Leclerc Nathalie , Floquet Sébastien , Cadot Emmanuel 
Published: February 2014

AbstractTwo nanosized polyoxothiometalates were synthesized based on linking oxomolybdate building blocks with {Mo2O2S2}2+ groups. Remarkably, both compounds are formed selectively primarily upon changing the related concentrations in a logical way; they exhibit common structural features based on the same {Mo9O6S3}‐type pores, which result in connections between {Mo6O21} pentagons and {Mo2O2S2}2+ linkers. Whereas the much larger spherical Mo132‐type Keplerate contains twenty pores, the smaller Mo63‐type cluster remarkably contains only two. The two compounds and a similar Keplerate exhibit interesting supramolecular properties related to interactions with the unusual predominantly apolar NMe4+ cations. Structural characterization of the Mo63‐type compound reveals in the solid state a clathrate‐like species that contains four NMe4+ cations embedded in two types of structurally well‐adapted pockets. Related NMR spectroscopic investigations in solution using NMe4+ as the NMR spectroscopic probe are in agreement with the solid‐state description. 1H NMR spectroscopic experiments (1D variable‐temperature, 2D total correlation spectroscopy (TOCSY), exchange spectroscopy (EXSY), and diffusion‐ordered spectroscopy (DOSY)) feature firmly immobilized and mobile NMe4+ ions in relationship with the type of host–guest arrangements. The use of the 1H NMR DOSY spectroscopic methodology has been successfully applied to track the interactions of the NMe4+ cations with the {Mo9O6S3} pores of a sulfurated Keplerate, thereby allowing the first quantitative analysis of this type of plugging process. The stability constant K=(210±20) mol−1 L is discussed related to the character of the process.
Design of Thermally Stable Amine–Imine Nickel Catalyst Precursors for Living Polymerization of Ethylene: Effect of Ligand Substituents on Catalytic Behavior and Polymer Properties
Authors: Hu Haibin , Zhang Lei , Gao Haiyang , Zhu Fangming , Wu Qing 
Published: February 2014

AbstractNickel complexes bearing amine–imine ligands with various backbone substituents were synthesized and employed as ethylene polymerization catalysts on activation with Et2AlCl. The substituent on the backbone carbon atom of the amine moiety is decisive for the living nature of ethylene polymerization. A bulky amine–imine nickel precursor with a tert‐butyl group on the carbon atom of the amine group can polymerize ethylene in a living fashion at an elevated temperature of 65 °C, which is the highest temperature of living polymerization of ethylene with late transition‐metal catalysts. The wide applicable temperature range for living polymerization and sensitivity of the branch structure of the polyethylene to temperature enable precise synthesis of di‐ and triblock polyethylenes featuring different branched segments by sequential tuning of the polymerization temperature.