bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of current and heat transfer in locations with reduced critical current in coated conductor tape
Authors: Gömöry Fedor , Šouc Ján 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Variation of the critical current along the conductor length is a feature commonly encountered in industrially produced REBCO tapes called coated conductors (CCs). A reduction of the critical current exceeding several percent in portions a few millimetres long can be observed in the data obtained by reel-to-reel characterization provided by manufacturers. Metallic layers in the CC architecture can take over some current in such a ‘weak spot’, and help to keep the local temperature stable, preventing its thermal runaway and conversion to a ‘hot spot’. Understanding this phenomenon is particularly crucial when space and weight limitations do not allow for the addition of a metallic layer with a thickness that would be sufficient to match the lost transport capability of superconductors. For this purpose, we studied a set of samples, representing both standard as well as infrequent profiles of weak spots identified in direct transport experiments. Analytical theory is then utilized as a basic tool for recovering the properties serving as input for numerical modelling. Temperature profiles and current redistribution at weak-spot locations were found, and the effect of cooling conditions and metallic layer thickness on the weak-spot resistance against thermal runaway was analyzed. Quantitative assessment of the possibility to improve the performance of CC tape by adding a Cu stabilizing layer or improving cooling settings could help to optimize the architecture of CCs intended for use in electrical transport.
A formulation of quantum fluid mechanics and trajectories
Authors: Finley James P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A formalism of classical mechanics is given for time-dependent many-body states of quantum mechanics, describing both fluid flow and point mass trajectories. The familiar equations of energy, motion, and those of Lagrangian mechanics are obtained. An energy and continuity equation is demonstrated to be equivalent to the real and imaginary parts of the time dependent Schrödinger equation, respectively, where the Schrödinger equation is in density matrix form. For certain stationary states, using Lagrangian mechanics and a Hamiltonian function for quantum mechanics, equations for point-mass trajectories are obtained. For 1-body states and fluid flows, the energy equation and equations of motion are the Bernoulli and Euler equations of fluid mechanics, respectively. Generalizations of the energy and Euler equations are derived to obtain equations that are in the same form as they are in classical mechanics. The fluid flow type is compressible, inviscid, irrotational, with the nonclassical element of local variable mass. Over all space mass is conserved. The variable mass is a necessary condition for the fluid flow to agree with the zero orbital angular momentum for s states of hydrogen. Cross flows are examined, where velocity directions are changed without changing the kinetic energy. For one-electron atoms, the velocity modification gives closed orbits for trajectories, and mass conservation, vortexes, and density stratification for fluid flows. For many body states, under certain conditions, and by hypotheses, Euler equations of orbital-flows are obtained. One-body Schrödinger equations that are a generalization of the Hartree–Fock equations are also obtained. These equations contain a quantum Coulomb’s law, involving the 2-body pair function of reduced density matrix theory that replace the charge densities.
Enhancing sideband cooling by initial photon-phonon correlation
Authors: Niu Wei , Yang Wen-Quan , Ma Yong-Hong , Shu Chuan-Cun , Zhang Wen-Zhao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We propose an optimized sideband cooling protocol for an optomechanical system coupled to a mechanical non-Markovian reservoir, considering the presence of initial system correlations. By incorporating the effect of initial correlations in the Heisenberg equations, we derive a more stringent dependence on the initial conditions and time-dependent evolution of the phonon numbers. Our findings demonstrate that considering the initial correlations can significantly reduce the number of phonons during the cooling process. Moreover, by adjusting the strength and phase of the initial correlation, the ground-state cooling process can be accelerated. We observe a characterization of this cooling optimization process that resembles the phenomenon of entanglement death and revival. This work provides a promising platform for effectively manipulating phonons and facilitating quantum information processing in optomechanical systems.
Eight element MIMO antenna for sub 6 GHz 5G cellular devices
Authors: Abubakar Hassan Sani , Zhao Zhiqin , Kiani Saad Hassan , Khan Salahuddin , Ali Tanweer , Bashir Muhammad Adil , Cengiz Korhan , Kamal Mian Muhammad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article introduces a wide-band MIMO antenna system with eight elements specifically designed for future handheld devices. The antenna is integrated into a 150 × 75 mm2 main board with a DGS antenna beneath it, connected to feed lines, and etched onto the ground plane. Covering two distinct 5G bands from 3 GHz to 3.6 GHz and from 3.6 GHz to 3.9 GHz, with 900 MHz impedance bandwidths, this antenna enables efficient data transmission and reception across these crucial frequency ranges. The system exhibits pattern and spatial diversity characteristics, achieving an overall efficiency of 40%–60% and a peak gain of 5.3 dBi, ensuring robust signal strength and isolation exceeding 10 dB among radiating elements. Furthermore, the antenna excels in key MIMO parameters, with an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) below 0.19, well within the industry standard of less than 0.5, and it delivers more than 9.99 dB of diversity gain. Furthermore, Channel capacity Loss (CCL), Mean Effective Gain (MEG) and Total Active Reflection Co-efficient (TARC) across the entire operational band ensure good performance, promising enhanced diversity performance, superior data throughput, and heightened signal reliability. are The SAR analysis conducted yielded positive results within the human vicinity. The measurements obtained from the prototype matched well with simulations and through measurements obtained the proposed MIMO system can be termed as a potential candidate for future 5G Mobile Phones.
Effectiveness of thermoviscoplastic material models in predicting the thermomechanical behavior of rolled homogenous armor steel
Authors: Gangwar Vaibhav , Bhattacharjee Snehasish , Acharyya Sanjib Kumar , Dhar Sankar , Banerjee Arkadeb , Chakraborty Santu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper studies the dynamic and elevated temperature behavior of rolled homogeneous armor steel, which is crucial for applications such as blast, impact, crash, and ballistic resistance. The deformation behavior is analyzed through tensile tests. The tensile tests of RHA steel are conducted at quasi-static

10

−
4

s

−
1

≤

ε
p

̇

≤

10

−
1

s

−
1

to dynamic

10

−
1

s

−
1

≤

ε

p

̇

≤
36.439

s

−
1

strain-rates and at high temperatures ranging from room temperature

(
RT
,

27

°
C
)

to

5
00

°
C
.

Phenomenological Johnson-Cook (JC) models and semi-physical Rusinek-Klepaczko (RK) material models are employed in finite element (FE) simulations of tensile tests. The JC failure model, with a small modification, is used along with the material models to simulate the loss of load-bearing capacity of the component. All necessary material parameters are extracted from the test data. The material models and the damage model are integrated into ABAQUS CAE FE software through a user-defined material subroutine (UMAT). The simulated outcomes acquired from diverse material models are validated with relevant experimental findings, and the effectiveness of each material model is evaluated through qualitative and quantitative assessments. Observations reveal limitations in the existing models to accurately replicate material behavior under tension, particularly in the dynamic strain rate, and elevated temperature range. Consequently, a modified version of the JC model (MJC) is explored to better account for the impact of temperature on strain hardening and strain rate hardening. The proposed modification in the material model significantly enhances the predictive accuracy of FE simulations of tensile deformation across the entire spectrum of studied strain rates and temperatures compared to the original JC and RK models.
Effect of ARB process on the plane stress fracture toughness, creep properties and forming limit diagram of Aluminum/BN/Copper composite strips
Authors: Bandhu Din , Jasim Saade Abdalkareem , Khan Ahmad Raza , Kaur Mandeep , Kaur Harpreet , Reddy R Meenakshi , Naderian F 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the present study, Al/BN/Cu bimetal composite strips were fabricated via the accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process. Then, fracture toughness, mechanical properties, bonding strength, forming limit diagram (FLD), and creep properties have been studied via experimental techniques. The study of creep behavior and mechanical properties showed a formation of a 17 μm atomic diffusion layer at the interface during

ARB

under three creep loading conditions namely 35 MPa at 225 °C, 35 MPa at 275 °C, and 30 MPa at 225 °C. The tensile strength of samples improved to 144 MPa which was about 234% in comparison with the primary Al monolithic sample. It was observed by the SEM that the fracture types changed to shear kind after higher passes including prominent effects on the fracture morphology. FLD curve dropped severely after the first ARB pass and then began to enhance at higher passes. The fracture toughness value of 30 MPa m1/2 was achieved after ten ARB passes. An intermetallic composition was created near Al. The creep failure time did decline by 44% and the stress level decreased by 13% at a constant temperature. It can be concluded that applied temperature and stress effect on creep properties especially leads to increasing the slope of creep curves with higher stresses. This trend was opposite for the creep temperature at higher temperature levels. Moreover, dynamic recrystallization was observed through the crystalline structure of samples.
Tensorized Pauli decomposition algorithm
Authors: Hantzko Lukas , Binkowski Lennart , Gupta Sabhyata 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a novel general-purpose algorithm for Pauli decomposition that employs matrix slicing and addition rather than expensive matrix multiplication, significantly accelerating the decomposition of multi-qubit matrices. In a detailed complexity analysis, we show that the algorithm admits the best known worst-case scaling and more favorable runtimes for many practical examples. Numerical experiments are provided to validate the asymptotic speed-up already for small instance sizes, underscoring the algorithm’s potential significance in the realm of quantum computing and quantum chemistry simulations.
Cosmological constraints from the eBOSS Lyman-α forest using the PRIYA simulations
Authors: Fernandez M.A. , Bird Simeon , Ho Ming-Feng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We present new cosmological parameter constraints from the eBOSS Lyman-α forest
survey. We use a new theoretical model and likelihood based on the PRIYA simulation suite. PRIYA
is the first suite to resolve the Lyman-α forest in a (120 Mpc/h)3 volume, using a
multi-fidelity emulation technique. We use PRIYA to predict Lyman-α forest observables
with ≲ 1% interpolation error over an 11 dimensional (9 simulated, 2 in
post-processing) parameter space. We identify an internal tension within the flux power spectrum
data. Once the discrepant data is removed, we find the primeval scalar spectral index measured at
a pivot scale of k
0 = 0.78 Mpc-1 to be nP
= 1.009+0.027
-0.018 at 68%
confidence. This measurement from the Lyman-α forest flux power spectrum alone is in
reasonable agreement with Planck, and in tension with earlier eBOSS analyses. The amplitude of
matter fluctuations is σ
8 = 0.733+0.026
-0.029 at 68% confidence, in agreement with
Dark Energy Survey weak lensing measurements and other small-scale structure probes and in tension
with CMB measurements from Planck and ACT. The effective optical depth to Lyman-α
photons from our pipeline is in good agreement with earlier high resolution measurements. We find
a linear power at z = 3 and k = 0.009 s/km of Δ2

L
= 0.302+0.024
-0.027 with a
slope n
eff = -2.264+0.026
-0.018. Our flux power spectrum only chains prefer a
low level of heating during helium reionization. When we add IGM temperature data we find nP
=
0.983 ± 0.020 and σ
8 = 0.703+0.023
-0.027. Our chains prefer an early and long
helium reionization event, as suggested by measurements from the helium Lyman-α forest. In
the near future we will use our pipeline to infer cosmological parameters from the DESI
Lyman-α data.
Development of generic no-scale inflation
Authors: Wu Lina , Shen Jin-Ke , Li Tianjun , Pei Junle 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We develop generalized no-scale supergravity models of inflation, and then study the
corresponding cosmological predictions as well as the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs)
and scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs). With a new parameter 0 < a ≤ 1, the generalized
no-scale supergravity provides the continuous connections among the generic no-scale supergravity
from string theory compactifications. The resulting prediction of the CMB, spectrum index ns
,
and tensor-to-scalar ratio r can be highly consistent with the latest Planck/BICEP/Keck Array
observations. Notably, the models with a ≠ 1 give a smaller ratio r ≤ 10-3, which is
flexible even under the anticipated tighter observational constraints at the future experiments.
Additionally, these models have the potential to generate a broad-band stochastic gravitational
wave background, and thus explain the NANOGrav 15yr signal. Furthermore, they predict the
formation of PBHs with various mass scales, which could account for a significant portion of dark
matter relic density in the Universe.
Imaging through scattering layers using a near-infrared low-spatial-coherence fiber random laser
Authors: Shi 史 Anda 安达 , Wang 王 Zeyu 泽宇 , Duan 段 Chenxi 辰锡 , Wang 王 Zhao 昭 , Zhang 张 Weili 伟利 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Optical memory effect-based speckle-correlated technology has been developed for reconstructing hidden objects from disordered speckle patterns, achieving imaging through scattering layers. However, the lighting efficiency and field of view of existing speckle-correlated imaging systems are limited. Here, a near-infrared low spatial coherence fiber random laser illumination method is proposed to address the above limitations. Through the utilization of random Rayleigh scattering within dispersion-shifted fibers to provide feedback, coupled with stimulated Raman scattering for amplification, a near-infrared fiber random laser exhibiting a high spectral density and extremely low spatial coherence is generated. Based on the designed fiber random laser, speckle-correlated imaging through scattering layers is achieved, with high lighting efficiency and a large imaging field of view. This work improves the performance of speckle-correlated imaging and enriches the research on imaging through scattering medium.
Cosmological test of dark energy parametrizations within the framework of Horava-Lifshitz gravity via baryon acoustic oscillation
Authors: Chaudhary Himanshu , Pacif Shibesh Kumar Jas , Debnath Ujjal , Rahaman Farook , Mustafa G. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We conduct an investigation to explore late-time cosmic acceleration through various dark energy parametrizations (Wettrich, Efstathiou, and Ma-Zhang) within the Horava-Lifshitz gravity framework. As an alternative to general relativity, this theory introduces anisotropic scaling at ultraviolet scales. Our primary objective is to constrain the key cosmic parameters and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale, specifically the sound horizon (rd
), by utilizing 24 uncorrelated measurements of BAOs derived from recent galaxy surveys spanning a redshift range from z = 0.106 to z = 2.33. Additionally, we integrate the most recent Hubble constant measurement by Riess in 2022 (denoted as R22) as an extra prior. For the parametrizations of Wettrich, Efstathiou, and Ma-Zhang, our analysis of BAO data yields sound horizon results of rd
= 148.1560 ± 2.7688 Mpc, rd
= 148.6168 ± 10.2469 Mpc, and rd
= 147.9737 ± 10.6096 Mpc, respectively. Incorporating the R22 prior into the BAO dataset results in rd
= 139.5806 ± 3.8522 Mpc, rd
= 139.728025 ± 2.7858 Mpc, and rd
= 139.6001 ± 2.7441 Mpc. These outcomes highlight a distinct inconsistency between early and late observational measurements, analogous to the H
0 tension. A notable observation is that, when we do not include the R22 prior, the outcomes for rd
tend to be in agreement with Planck and SDSS results. Following this, we conducted a cosmography test and comparative study of each parametrization within the Lambda Cold Dark Matter paradigm. Our diagnostic analyses demonstrate that all models fit seamlessly within the phantom region. All dark energy parametrizations predict an equation of state parameter close to

= –1, indicating a behavior similar to that of a cosmological constant. The statistical analysis indicates that neither of the two models can be ruled out based on the latest observational measurements.
A fully automatic multichannel neural spike sorting algorithm with spike reduction and positional feature
Authors: Mohammadi Zeinab , Denman Daniel J , Klug Achim , Lei Tim C 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective: The sorting of neural spike data recorded by multichannel and high channel neural probes such as Neuropixels, especially in real-time, remains a significant technical challenge. Most neural spike sorting algorithms focus on sorting neural spikes post-hoc for high sorting accuracy—but reducing the processing delay for fast sorting, potentially even live sorting, is generally not possible with these algorithms. Approach: Here we report our Graph nEtwork Multichannel sorting (GEMsort) algorithm, which is largely based on graph network, to allow rapid neural spike sorting for multiple neural recording channels. This was accomplished by two innovations: In GEMsort, duplicated neural spikes recorded from multiple channels were eliminated from duplicate channels by only selecting the highest amplitude neural spike in any channel for subsequent processing. In addition, the channel from which the representative neural spike was recorded was used as an additional feature to differentiate between neural spikes recorded from different neurons having similar temporal features. Main results: Synthetic and experimentally recorded multichannel neural recordings were used to evaluate the sorting performance of GEMsort. The sorting results of GEMsort were also compared with two other state-of-the-art sorting algorithms (Kilosort and Mountainsort) in sorting time and sorting agreements. Significance: GEMsort allows rapidly sort neural spikes and is highly suitable to be implemented with digital circuitry for high processing speed and channel scalability.
Real-time capable modeling of ICRF heating on NSTX and WEST via machine learning approaches
Authors: Sánchez-Villar Á. , Bai Z. , Bertelli N. , Bethel E.W. , Hillairet J. , Perciano T. , Shiraiwa S. , Wallace G.M. , Wright J.C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A real-time capable core Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies (ICRF) heating model on NSTX and WEST is developed. The model is based on two nonlinear regression algorithms, the random forest ensemble of decision trees and the multilayer perceptron neural network. The algorithms are trained on TORIC ICRF spectrum solver simulations of the expected flat-top operation scenarios in NSTX and WEST assuming Maxwellian plasmas. The surrogate models are shown to successfully capture the multi-species core ICRF power absorption predicted by the original model for the high harmonic fast wave and the ion cyclotron minority heating schemes while reducing the computational time by six orders of magnitude. Although these models can be expanded, the achieved regression scoring, computational efficiency and increased model robustness suggest these strategies can be implemented into integrated modeling frameworks for real-time control applications.
CIGALE: an innovative gas neutralizer based high efficiency neutral beam injector concept for future fusion reactors
Authors: Simonin A. , Bourvard H. , Pouradier Duteil B. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper outlines the main features of a new high efficiency (η > 62%) high power (∼18 MW D0) neutral beam (NB) concept based on pragmatic solutions suitable with the reactor requirements. The injector is modular (several beamlines in parallel) with independent ion sources referenced to the ground potential and gas neutralizers held at +1 MV. This topology leads to numerous simplifications; it overcomes the main issues of conventional NB systems, such as the complex 1 MV electrical setup, the difficult ion source remote maintenance, the high caesium consumption. The other key parameter is the gas neutralization concept which minimizes the amount of gas by operating at a low gas target and low neutralizer duct conductance. The implementation of an energy recovery system for the residual 1 MeV D− is essential to attain a high wall-plug efficiency. These specific features require thin laminar D− beams provided by a pre-acceleration up to 100 keV in slotted grid apertures to form thin blade-like beamlets, followed by the post-acceleration to 1 MeV by merging the beamlets in a single beam in five gaps (+200 kV per gap). All these specific aspects minimize the beams losses and thermal loads along the beamline and enhance the injector reliability and availability.
Impact of Gale Weather Events on Wind Power Generation
Authors: Zhang Yuanhe , Yang Ming , Wang Bo , Li Menglin , Yu Yixiao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Due to the influence of global warming, extreme wind weather occurs frequently, especially in extreme weather such as typhoons and cold waves, problems such as wind turbine shutdown, cutting out, and sudden changes in power generation power will occur, which brings great challenges to wind power forecast and safe and stable operation of the power grid. At present, the research and analysis of strong wind weather mostly stay at the single fan level, and the causes of abnormal changes in wind power output are mostly analyzed from the physical level. However, with the large-scale access of wind power to the power grid, the impact of extreme weather on power grid operation is becoming more and more significant, and it is particularly important to study the impact of strong wind weather events on wind power cluster output. This paper summarizes various types of wind power generation weather events, then screens key meteorological factors affecting power generation under different wind weather conditions based on Gaussian search and grey correlation weighting, and finally analyzes the meteorological impact on the actual operation of wind farm stations and clusters under typhoons and cold waves respectively, aiming at the problem of huge deviations in wind power forecast caused by wind. The next research direction and suggestions are put forward.