bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A Green Approach to the Synthesis of Chalcones via Claisen—Schmidt Condensation Reaction Using Cesium Salts of 12‐Tungstophosphoric Acid as a Reusable Nanocatalyst.
Authors: Rafiee Ezzat , Rahimi Farzaneh 
Published: July 2013

AbstractCesium salts of 12‐tungstophosphoric acid are shown to be efficient nanocatalysts for the Claisen—Schmidt condensation.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfonic Acid Resin—Catalyzed Oxidation of Aldehydes to Carboxylic Acids by Hydrogen Peroxide.
Authors: Yang Xiaomei , Tang Si , Lu Tianliang , Chen Chen , Zhou Lipeng , Su Yunlai , Xu Jie 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTitle oxidation is accomplished using Amberlyst as recyclable catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1‐Aroyl(1‐arylsulfonyl)‐4‐bis(trifluoromethyl)alkyl Semicarbazides as Potential Physiologically Active Compounds.
Authors: Luzina Elena L. , Popov Anatoliy V. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIsocyanate (I) reacts with hydrazides of type (II), (IV), or (VI) to give the corresponding potentially biologically active substituted semicarbazides of type (III), (V), or (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Selective Halogenation of O‐Methylbenzohydroximoyl Halides: A New Route to Halogenated Aromatic Nitriles.
Authors: Chinnagolla Ravi Kiran , Pimparkar Sandeep , Jeganmohan Masilamani 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe reaction is conducted under base‐ and oxidant‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Enantioselective Transient Enolate Protonation in Conjugate Addition of Thioacetic Acid to α‐Substituted N‐Acryloyloxazolidinones.
Authors: Unhale Rajshekhar A. , Rana Nirmal K. , Singh Vinod K. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractCTU is found to be the optimal catalyst for the process which affords biologically interesting sulfur compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium Triflate‐Catalyzed Diels—Alder Reactions of Isochromenylium Cations with Enones.
Authors: Selvi Thangavel , Srinivasan Kannupal 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn the presence of indium triflate, o‐alkynylbenzaldehydes form isochromenylium cations which react with enones such as chalcones or diarylideneacetones to give 1,2‐dihydronaphthalenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Recyclization in the Series of Spiro[indole‐3,5′‐pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinoline]‐2,2′,4′‐triones Prepared by a Three‐Component Reaction of Isatins with (Thio)barbituric Acids and Electron‐Rich Anilines.
Authors: Iaroshenko Viktor O. , Dudkin Sergii , Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Ya. , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe title process which generally yields spirocyclic compounds of type (IV) is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Vinylcarbazoles via Dehydrogenative Coupling of N—H Carbazoles with Alkenes under Palladium Catalysis.
Authors: Takeda Daisuke , Hirano Koji , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe synthesis of N‐vinylcarbazoles is achieved by the Pd‐catalyzed aza‐Wacker reaction of N—H carbazoles with styrenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium‐Catalyzed Annulation of 3‐Aryl‐ and 3‐Heteroarylindoles with Propargyl Ethers: Synthesis and Photoluminescent Properties of Aryl‐ and Heteroaryl[c]carbazoles.
Authors: Nagase Yuta , Shirai Hiroyuki , Kaneko Masayoshi , Shirakawa Eiji , Tsuchimoto Teruhisa 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA new method for the synthesis of title compounds such as (III), (V), (VII), (X) and (XII) via a two C—C bond‐forming cascade of 3‐arylindoles with propargyl ethers is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Trichloroisocyanuric Acid‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of 2,4,5‐Trisubstituted Imidazoles.
Authors: Hojati Seyedeh Fatemeh , Nezhadhoseiny Seyede Atefe , Beykzadeh Zahra 
Published: July 2013

AbstractOptimum reaction conditions are examined for the three‐component one‐pot reaction of benzil (I) and aromatic aldehydes (II) with ammonium acetate giving the title compounds (III) in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Control of Diastereoselectivity for Iridium‐Catalyzed Allylation of a Prochiral Nucleophile with a Phosphate Counterion.
Authors: Chen Wenyong , Hartwig John F. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA wide range of enantioenriched allylated azlactones containing adjacent tertiary and quaternary carbon centers is prepared with high yields and dia‐ and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2‐Vinylquinolines via sp3 C—H Functionalization and Subsequent C—N Cleavage.
Authors: Li Yunfeng , Guo Fengfeng , Zha Zhenggen , Wang Zhiyong 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA new, simple, and efficient method for the synthesis of 2‐vinylquinolines is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical One‐Pot Procedure for the Synthesis of N—H Isoquinolones.
Authors: Lu Shaonan , Lin Yingfu , Zhong Hongban , Zhao Kang , Huang Jianhui 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAn efficient approach to the title skeleton is achieved through Pd‐catalyzed reaction of N‐alkoxybenzamides with alkynes followed by NaH‐mediated N—O bond cleavage.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,5‐Bis‐(sulfonyl)pyrazines as Unprecedented Building Blocks and Their SNAr Reactions.
Authors: Li Jie Jack , Meng Wei , Wu Shung , Wu Yong‐Jin , Guernon Jason , Allen Martin P. , Miller Michael M. , Cheng Peter T. , Chen Bang‐chi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe new starting materials (I) are prepared and subjected to various reactions with nucleophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Precursors of 4‐Phosphino‐1H‐pyrrole‐3‐carbaldehyde Derivatives.
Authors: Smaliy Radomyr , Chaykovskaya Aleksandra A. , Shtil Nataliya A. , Savateev Aleksandr S. , Kostyuk Aleksandr N. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTwo pathways for the synthesis of 4‐(diphenylphosphoryl)‐1H‐pyrrole‐3‐carbaldehyde (III) are developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Aurones and Isoaurones from the Flowers of Rosa damascena and Their Biological Activities.
Authors: Gao Xue‐Mei , Yang Li‐Ying , Huang Xiang‐Zhong , Shu Li‐Dan , Shen Yan‐Qiong , Hu Qiu‐Fen , Chen Zhang‐Yu 
Published: July 2013

AbstractNew aurone (I) and new isoaurone (II), damaurones A and B, resp., (II) are isolated from the title rose together with five known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Eu2+‐Doped M2SiO4 (M: Ca, Ba) Phosphors Prepared by a Rapid Microwave‐Assisted Sol—Gel Method: Phase Formation and Optical Properties.
Authors: Birkel Alexander , DeCino Nicholas A. , George Nathan C. , Hazelton Katherine A. , Hong Byung‐Chul , Seshadri Ram 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe green‐emitting title phosphors a prepared by an optimized fast and energy‐efficient citrate based sol—gel reaction with subsequent combustion in a domestic microwave oven leading to high quality materials in less than 25 min of final heating time.
ChemInform Abstract: Cp*Rh‐Catalyzed C—H Activations. Versatile Dehydrogenative Cross‐Couplings of Csp2 C—H Positions with Olefins, Alkynes, and Arenes
Authors: Patureau Frederic W. , Wencel‐Delord Joanna , Glorius Frank 
Published: July 2013

AbstractReview: 153 refs.
Visual pigments and opsin expression in the juveniles of three species of fish (rainbow trout, zebrafish, and killifish) following prolonged exposure to thyroid hormone or retinoic acid
Authors: Suliman Tarek , Novales Flamarique Iñigo 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThyroid hormone (TH) and retinoic acid (RA) are powerful modulators of photoreceptor differentiation during vertebrate retinal development. In the embryos and young juveniles of salmonid fishes and rodents, TH induces switches in opsin expression within individual cones, a phenomenon that also occurs in adult rodents following prolonged (12 week) hypothyroidism. Whether changes in TH levels also modulate opsin expression in the differentiated retina of fish is unknown. Like TH, RA is essential for retinal development, but its role in inducing opsin switches, if any, has not been studied. Here we investigate the action of TH and RA on single‐cone opsin expression in juvenile rainbow trout, zebrafish, and killifish and on the absorbance of visual pigments in rainbow trout and zebrafish. Prolonged TH exposure increased the wavelength of maximum absorbance (λmax) of the rod and the medium (M, green) and long (L, red) wavelength visual pigments in all fish species examined. However, unlike the opsin switch that occurred following TH exposure in the single cones of small juvenile rainbow trout (alevin), opsin expression in large juvenile rainbow trout (smolt), zebrafish, or killifish remained unchanged. RA did not induce any opsin switches or change the visual pigment absorbance of photoreceptors. Neither ligand altered cone photoreceptor densities. We conclude that RA has no effect on opsin expression or visual pigment properties in the differentiated retina of these fishes. In contrast, TH affected both single‐cone opsin expression and visual pigment absorbance in the rainbow trout alevin but only visual pigment absorbance in the smolt and in zebrafish. The latter results could be explained by a combination of opsin switches and chromophore shifts from vitamin A1 to vitamin A2. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:98–117, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Trimethylation and Differential Mobility Spectroscopy in Quantitative Peptide Analysis: Increasing Selectivity and Sensitivity through Ion/Molecule Chemistry
Authors: Blagojevic Voislav , Bohme Diethard K. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIsotopic labeling of peptides by trimethylation creates a charged quaternary amine group on the peptide that provides clear differentiation from unlabeled protonated peptides and protonated or sodiated chemical background. Differential mobility spectrometry, with its use of a chemical modifier, allows otherwise undesirable ion/molecule reactions in the mobility cell to increase selectivity and sensitivity of quantitative peptide analysis. A high proton affinity modifier selectively removes protonated and sodiated interference and background ions by proton and sodium transfer, while leaving the trimethylated ions with their quaternary amine groups unchanged.
DFT Computational Design of a Ligand‐Driven Light‐Induced Mechanism for Spin‐State Switching
Authors: Starikova Alyona A. , Minyaev Ruslan M. , Starikov Andrey G. , Minkin Vladimir I. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA new ligand‐driven light‐induced spin‐state switching mechanism has been designed based on B3LYP*/6‐311++G(d,p) DFT calculations of a series of CoII, NiII, and CuII complexes with photochromic 2H‐chromene (2H‐1‐benzopyran) ligands 4–8 functionalized with N donor groups. The photoinduced electrocyclic rearrangements of the bis‐chelate four‐coordinate NiII complexes with the ring‐closed forms of the ligands, all with high‐spin ground electronic states, are predicted to lead to the formation of a mixture of approximately equal amounts of the diamagnetic square‐planar and paramagnetic pseudo‐tetrahedral isomers of these complexes containing ring‐opened o‐quinonoid forms of the ligands. Of the CoII complexes, only that with the 2H‐chromen‐8‐amine ligand 4 exhibits the properties required for manifestation of the photoinitiated spin‐state switching. No local minima corresponding to four‐coordinate copper complexes with ring‐closed isomers of the functionalized 2H‐chromenes were located on the respective potential energy surfaces. In their ring‐closed forms, 2H‐chromenes react with CuII ions to give two‐coordinate CuI complexes, whereas ring‐opened o‐quinonoid isomers form four‐coordinate bis‐chelate CuII complexes. In the NiII complexes with isomeric forms of 2H‐pyrano[3,2‐h]quinoline ligand 8, the counterions Cl– and even BF4– enter into the coordination sphere of the central atom to form stable six‐coordinate metal complexes with high‐spin ground states. The predicted capacity of the NiII complexes for light‐induced spin‐state switching is retained with the bulkier BPh4– counterion. The low‐spin state of the ion‐pair formed by the complex with the ring‐opened form of ligand 8 is 10.5 kcal mol–1 more energetically favorable than the high‐spin form.
Palladium Complexes with the SC6F4H‐4 Ligand – Synthesis, Spectroscopy, and Structures
Authors: Lingen Verena , Lüning Anna , Strauß Christian , Pantenburg Ingo , Deacon Glen B. , Klein Axel , Meyer Gerd 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe reaction of HSC6F4H‐4 or KSC6F4H‐4 with the palladium(II) complexes [(NN)PdCl2] [NN = 2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy) or 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen)] leads to the mononuclear palladium complexes [(NN)Pd(SC6F4H‐4)2] or [(NN)PdCl(SC6F4H‐4)], whereas the reaction with [(COD)PdCl2] (COD = 1,5‐cyclooctadiene) results in the loss of COD and the formation of the oligonuclear species [Pd(SC6F4H‐4)2]m. For NN = phen, the compound [(phen)2K(μ‐phen)2K(phen)2][(4‐HC6F4S)2Pd(μ‐SC6F4H‐4)2Pd(SC6F4H‐4)2] containing a homoleptic dimeric dianionic Pd complex was also obtained. The reaction of KSC6F4H‐4 with PdCl2 yielded K2[Pd(SC6F4H‐4)4]. The new compounds were analysed and characterised by single‐crystal XRD, 1H and 19F NMR spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy. The UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy and electrochemistry of [(bpy)Pd(SC6F4H‐4)2] have been investigated and are compared to those of the related Pt derivative [(bpy)Pt(SC6F5)2].
Phosphane‐Free Hiyama Cross‐Coupling of Aryl and Heteroaryl Halides Catalyzed by Palladium Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Premi Chanchal , Jain Nidhi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPalladium nanoparticles (NPs) 2–5 nm in size and preformed by thermal reduction in nitrile‐functionalized 3‐(3‐cyanopropyl)‐1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐3‐ium hexafluorophosphate {[CN‐bmim]PF6} act as an in situ catalyst for carbon–carbon bond‐forming reactions of aromatic and heterocyclic halides with aryl‐ and vinyltrimethoxysilanes. A variety of biphenyl derivatives, substituted styrenes, and aromatic heterocycles were obtained in 76 to 98 % yield. We demonstrate for the first time the use of 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium fluoride as an activator of the organosilanes with easy handling, storage, and workup in comparison to conventional fluorine sources such as tetrabutylammonium fluoride, which is indispensable for Hiyama coupling. Pd NPs immobilized in [CN‐bmim]PF6 gave high yields of the cross‐coupled products at a low catalyst loading of only 4 mol‐%, and the catalyst could be reused and recycled up to four times with only a slight loss in catalytic activity.
Sulfoxonium and Sulfonium Ylides as Diazocarbonyl Equivalents in Metal‐Catalyzed Insertion Reactions
Authors: Burtoloso Antonio C. B. , Dias Rafael M. P. , Leonarczyk Ives A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSince the pioneering contribution of Corey and Chaykovsky in 1965, sulfoxonium and sulfonium ylides have proven to be versatile intermediates in organic synthesis. One of their important applications, though not yet throughly investigated, is their substitution of diazocarbonyl compounds as safer carbene precursors. This microreview provides an overview and recent applications of sulfoxonium and sulfonium ylides in inter‐ and intramolecular metal‐catalyzed insertion reactions. It also plans to illustrate the promising synthetic utility of these stable carbene precursors in industry, mitigating potential safety problems generally encountered when the equivalent diazo compounds are employed. Moreover, it aims to inspire new contributions to this exciting growing area, especially in catalytic asymmetric reactions.
Study of the Chemoselectivity of Grignard Reagent Addition to Substrates Containing Both Nitrile and Weinreb Amide Functionalities
Authors: Harikrishna Kommidi , Rakshit Ananya , Aidhen Indrapal Singh 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSeveral substrates containing both cyano and Weinreb amide functionalities have been synthesized to study the chemoselectivity of their reactions with organomagnesium bromides (ArMgBr and RMgBr). Excellent chemoselectivity towards the Weinreb amide was observed in most cases, even in the presence of excess Grignard reagent, affording cyano ketones in good‐to‐excellent yields.
Hexameric Capsule of a Resorcinarene Bearing Fluorous Feet as a Self‐Assembled Nanoreactor: A Diels–Alder Reaction in a Fluorous Biphasic System
Authors: Shimizu Shoichi , Usui Asuka , Sugai Masae , Suematsu Yuki , Shirakawa Seiji , Ichikawa Hayato 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA Diels–Alder reaction in a fluorous biphasic system was accelerated by a hexameric capsule of resorcinarene bearing fluorous feet. The reaction takes place predominantly within the capsule, which can be recovered as a fluorous solution and recycled after simple decantation.
Characterization of nanocapsules containing Elaeagnus angustifolia L. extract prepared using an emulsion–diffusion process
Authors: Esmaeili Akbar , Niknam Sedigheh 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTNanocapsules loaded with bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants have numerous possibilities in the development of biochemical delivery systems. Elaeagnus angustifolia L., commonly known as Russian olive, is used in traditional medicinal in the Middle East as an analgesic for arthritis and joint pain. Because E. angustifolia contains vitamin A, vitamin B, abundant calcium, and vitamin K, an effective coagulant, it has been considered as potentially beneficial in wound healing and scar formation, as well as in the treatment or prevention of osteoporosis. Nanocapsules containing an E. angustifolia‐filled core can be fabricated employing polymerization. In this process, nanocapsules are prepared using poly ethylene glycol–poly butylene adipate–poly ethylene glycol (PEG‐PBA‐PEG) as a shell surrounding a core of E. angustifolia and olive oil. In this study, the relative proportions of polymer and oil, concentrations of polymer and bioactive compound, and presence or absence of various surfactants in different concentrations were investigated in relation to the particle size of the final product. A comparison of samples obtained using the surfactants Tween 80, Tween 60, poly vinyl alcohol (PVA), mixed Tween 80 and PVA, and mixed Tween 80 and Tween 60 showed Tween 80 to result in the smallest particle size. An oil‐to‐polymer ratio of 1:0.25 resulted in the smallest nanoparticle size. Smaller nanoparticles sizes were obtained using lower concentrations of polymer and higher concentrations of the bioactive compound. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, particle size analysis, and scanning electron microscopy were used to identify and characterize the nanocapsules. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Networks involved in olfaction and their dynamics using independent component analysis and unified structural equation modeling
Authors: Karunanayaka Prasanna , Eslinger Paul J. , Wang Jian‐Li , Weitekamp Christopher W. , Molitoris Sarah , Gates Kathleen M. , Molenaar Peter C.M. , Yang Qing X. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe study of human olfaction is complicated by the myriad of processing demands in conscious perceptual and emotional experiences of odors. Combining functional magnetic resonance imaging with convergent multivariate network analyses, we examined the spatiotemporal behavior of olfactory‐generated blood‐oxygenated‐level‐dependent signal in healthy adults. The experimental functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm was found to offset the limitations of olfactory habituation effects and permitted the identification of five functional networks. Analysis delineated separable neuronal circuits that were spatially centered in the primary olfactory cortex, striatum, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, rostral prefrontal cortex/anterior cingulate, and parietal‐occipital junction. We hypothesize that these functional networks subserve primary perceptual, affective/motivational, and higher order olfactory‐related cognitive processes. Results provided direct evidence for the existence of parallel networks with top‐down modulation for olfactory processing and clearly distinguished brain activations that were sniffing‐related versus odor‐related. A comprehensive neurocognitive model for olfaction is presented that may be applied to broader translational studies of olfactory function, aging, and neurological disease. Hum Brain Mapp 35:2055–2072, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of low‐dose mirtazapine on driving performance in healthy volunteers
Authors: Iwamoto Kunihiro , Kawano Naoko , Sasada Kazumi , Kohmura Kunihiro , Yamamoto Maeri , Ebe Kazutoshi , Noda Yukihiro , Ozaki Norio 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess whether a lower initial dose of mirtazapine can lessen the harmful effect on driving performance or not in a double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled crossover trial.MethodsThirteen healthy men received 8 days of continuous nocturnal doses of mirtazapine at 7.5 mg or 15 mg, or placebo. At baseline and on days 2 and 9, subjects performed three driving tasks (road‐tracking, car‐following, and harsh‐braking tasks) using a driving simulator and a Continuous Performance Test. Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) scores were also assessed. In the mirtazapine 7.5 mg series, 15 mg of mirtazapine was additionally administered on day 9, followed by all the same assessments on day 10.ResultsMirtazapine 7.5 mg had no significant effects on any tasks except for SSS compared with placebo. Mirtazapine 15 mg impaired road‐tracking task and SSS. The increase in mirtazapine dose also had no significant effects on any tasks compared with those before dose increase.ConclusionsMirtazapine 7.5 mg did not cause driving impairment compared with mirtazapine 15 mg, while both doses of mirtazapine produced subjective somnolence. The increase in mirtazapine had no detrimental effects on psychomotor performance. Initial low‐dose mirtazapine may be safer for automobile driving than the normal starting dose. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
3.2: The Application of Flexible Liquid‐Crystal Display in High Resolution Switchable Autostereoscopic 3D Display
Authors: Lin Shiuan‐Iou , Chiu Pin‐Hsiang , Chen Li‐Yin , Li Wen‐Yuan , Lin Yi‐Ying , Huang Tai‐Hsiang , Lu Jen‐kuei , Norio Sugiura 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe optimal viewing distance (OVD) of high resolution autostereoscopic 3D mobile display is obtained by using flexible liquid crystal display, which is thin and light‐weight. In this article, two types of 3D‐display are proposed by 10.1 inch plastic switching cell and 4.3 inch plastic parallax barrier, respectively.
4.4L: Late‐News Paper: Modeling Current‐Voltage Behaviour in Oxide TFTs Combining Trap‐limited Conduction with Percolation
Authors: Lee Sungsik , Yang Yifan , Nathan Arokia 
Published: July 2013

AbstractCurrent‐voltage behaviour of oxide TFTs is modeled based on trap‐limited conduction and percolation theories. The mobility has a power‐law dependence, in which percolation controls the exponent while trap states determine constant term in the power law. The proposed model, which is fully physically‐based, provides a good agreement with measured transistor characteristics as well as transient operations of fabricated pixel test circuits for oxide‐based OLED displays.
5.3: Invited Paper: AH‐IPS, Superb Display for Mobile Device
Authors: Lee Joun Ho , Park Kyoung Ho , Kim Sung Ho , Choi Hyun Chul , Kim Byeong Koo , Yin YuSeoung 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe leading display modes AH‐IPS and AM‐OLED for smart‐phones are compared in their electro‐optical performances. The market trend is bigger size, higher pixel density, natural color performance, and accurate readability at outdoor environment. Comparing these two, we want to ensure whether they reflect the display trends or not. This comparison may show again why AH‐IPS is dominating displays in mobile worlds.