bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polysaccharide Nanocomposites Reinforced with Graphene Oxide and Keratin-grafted Graphene Oxide
Authors: González Claramaría , Hernández Ana , Castaño Víctor , Kharissova Oxana , Ruoff Rodney , Velasco-Santos Carlos 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTNanocomposites of polysaccharide matrices, chitosan-starch and carboxymethyl cellulose-starch reinforced with graphene oxide and graphene grafted with keratin were developed. Composites films had been prepared for the casting/solvent evaporation method. The nanocomposites of chitosan/starch matrix improved substantially their mechanical properties with respect to the film without reinforcing, obtaining an increase of 929 % in the storage modulus (E’ 35°C) with only 0.5 wt% of graphene oxide and outstanding increments in E’ at 150°C and 200°C when keratin grafted graphene oxide is incorporated (0.1 wt%). In contrast, the graphene oxide incorporated into the carboxymethyl cellulose-starch matrix tends to decrease the stiffness of the film behaving in opposite way to nanocomposite of chitosan/starch matrix.
Combined Excitation Emission Spectroscopy of Europium ions in GaN and AlGaN Films
Authors: Dierolf V. , Fleischman Z. , Sandmann C. , Wakahara A. , Fujiwara T. , Munasinghe C. , Steckl A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSite-selective combined excitation emission spectroscopy studies have been performed on Eu-doped GaN and numerous sites have been identified. Relative numbers and broadening of these peaks has been investigated for different growth conditions and for increasing AL content of the AlxGa1-xN alloy.
Preparing for NICU Discharge: Mothers’ Concerns
Authors: Raines Deborah A. 
Published: November 2013

Purpose: To quantify mothers’ concerns in anticipation of their infant’s discharge from the NICUDesign: An exploratory, cross-sectional survey design was used.Sample: A convenience sample of 150 mothersMain Outcome Variable: The focus was the mothers’ concerns about their infant’s impending discharge.Results: The mothers expressed confidence in their ability as a caregiver but expressed concern about being tired, the need for readmission to the hospital, and missing a change in the infant’s conditions.
Hybrid Parameterization for Robust History Matching
Authors: Khaninezhad M. Reza , Jafarpour Behnam 
Published: November 2013

Summary
Identification of reservoir connectivity is critical for reliable production predictions and field-development planning. Field-scale connectivity is particularly important at early stages when costly development decisions are made. However, in developing fields, knowledge about reservoir flow-property distribution is subject to significant uncertainty. In addition, initial measurements of the dynamic response of the reservoir are too limited to resolve reservoir properties at a high-enough resolution. Therefore, reservoir identification problems must account for the limited data resolution and significant geologic uncertainty, and emphasize the importance of field-scale reservoir connectivity estimation. Under such conditions, parameterization of reservoir properties should primarily describe the large-scale flow connectivity. Parameterization techniques that are derived from prior information, such as the principal component analysis (PCA) or Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT), can be biased by errors in the prior knowledge, whereas prior-independent methods such as the Wavelet or Fourier-based image-compression techniques are robust but do not take advantage of prior knowledge. We propose an effective approach for describing reservoir continuity by combining prior-dependent and prior-independent parameterizations to form a hybrid technique that possesses the advantages of both methods. We introduce a robust hybrid parameterization approach that is less sensitive to possible errors in the prior model and yet quite effective in reproducing geologic features if the prior knowledge is reliable. We apply the new method with conventional parameter reduction and sparse history-matching methods and show that the proposed method can identify reservoir continuity from available dynamic data under both correct and incorrect prior knowledge. In identification of reservoir continuity from limited (low-resolution) available data (particularly at early stages of development), accounting for geologic uncertainty becomes imperative. Hybrid parameterization offers a robust parameterization option that incorporates the prior knowledge about reservoir connectivity when it is reliable and reduces the degrading effect of prior information when the prior model is incorrect.
Semianalytical Production Simulation of Complex Hydraulic-Fracture Networks
Authors: Zhou Wentao , Banerjee Raj , Poe Bobby , Spath Jeff , Thambynayagam Michael 
Published: November 2013

SummaryThe application of horizontal-well drilling and multistage fracturing has become a norm in the industry to develop unconventional resources from ultratight formations. A complex fracture network generated in the presence of stress isotropy and pre-existing natural fractures immensely extends reservoir contact and improves hydrocarbon production.A semianalytical method is presented in this paper to simulate the production from such a complex fracture network. This method combines an analytical reservoir solution with a numerical solution on discretized fracture panels. The mathematics is briefly introduced. Numerous case studies are presented, from a simple planar fracture to a real-field example from the Barnett shale. Production behavior and the key flow regimes are discussed.With its simplicity, yet capturing the physics of the transient-production performance, this approach provides an accessible tool for people from multiple disciplines in unconventional-resource development to rapidly evaluate treated-well productivity and stimulation effectiveness.
On the Stability of the Edge of a Steam-Assisted-Gravity-Drainage Steam Chamber
Authors: Irani Mazda , Gates Ian 
Published: November 2013

Summary
Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) is a successful thermal-recovery technique applied in oil-sand reservoirs in which the viscosity of the oil (bitumen) is typically in the hundreds of thousands to millions of centipoise. For the in-situ production from bitumen reservoirs, bitumen viscosity must be reduced to achieve the mobility required to flow toward the production well. Many factors influence the efficiency and rate at which bitumen is mobilized. The controlling feature of steam-based recovery processes is heat transfer from the steam chamber to the formation—the greater the heat flux, the larger the oil volume heated, and the higher the oil-drainage rate. Previous studies have demonstrated that instability at the steam-chamber edge can enhance heat transfer there by creating limited-amplitude steam fingers that enlarge the heat-transfer area, thus leading to greater thermal efficiency of the recovery process. This, in turn, increases oil production. At this point, stability studies have focused on the instability between steam and oil at the edge of the chamber—none has examined the case between steam condensate and oil. In the research documented here, the stability between steam condensate and bitumen at the edge of the chamber is explored. Here, a steam-pressure diffusion equation at the moving chamber interface is derived. The perturbations of the pressure and condensate velocity are substituted into the pressure diffusion equation and Darcy's law to realize a linear-stability equation governing the growth of disturbances at the interface. The results show that the stability is controlled by moving-interface velocity and reservoir water-phase hydraulic diffusivity.
CEO and CFO Equity Incentives and the Pricing of Audit Services
Authors: Billings B. Anthony , Gao Xinghua , Jia Yonghong 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARY:
The alleged perverse role of managerial incentives in accounting scandals, and the distinctive role of auditors in identifying and intervening in attempted earnings manipulation, highlight the importance of explicitly considering executive incentive plans by auditors in the auditing process. By empirically testing auditors' responses to CEO/CFO equity incentives in planning and pricing decisions using data from 2002 through 2009, we document compelling evidence that CFO equity incentives are positively associated with audit fees and CEO equity incentives are not statistically related to audit fees, suggesting that auditors perceive heightened audit risk associated with CFO equity incentives. Our further analyses reveal that the positive association between CFO equity incentives and audit fees is more pronounced in firms with weak internal controls, indicating heightened risk associated with CFO equity incentives in this setting perceived by auditors.
JEL Classifications: G30, G34, M42, M52.
Chalcone synthase family genes have redundant roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis and in response to blue/UV‐A light in turnip (Brassica rapa; Brassicaceae)
Authors: Zhou Bo , Wang Yu , Zhan Yaguang , Li Yuhua , Kawabata Saneyuki 
Published: November 2013

• Premise of the study: The epidermis of Brassica rapa (turnip) cv. Tsuda contains light‐induced anthocyanins, visible signs of activity of chalcone synthase (CHS), a key anthocyanin biosynthetic enzyme, which is encoded by the CHS gene family. To elucidate the regulation of this light‐induced pigmentation, we isolated Brassica rapa CHS1–CHS6 (BrCHS1–CHS6) and characterized their cis‐elements and expression patterns.• Methods: Epidermises of light‐exposed swollen hypocotyls (ESHS) were harvested to analyze transcription levels of BrCHS genes by real‐time PCR. Different promoters for the genes were inserted into tobacco to examine pCHS‐GUS activity by histochemistry. Yeast‐one‐hybridization was used to detect binding activity of BrCHS motifs to transcription factors.• Key results: Transcript levels of BrCHS1, ‐4, and ‐5 and anthocyanin‐biosynthesis‐related genes F3H, DFR, and ANS were high, while those of BrCHS2, ‐3, and ‐6 were almost undetectable in pigmented ESHS. However, in leaves, CHS5, F3H, and ANS expression was higher than in nonpigmented ESHS, but transcription of DFR was not detected. In the analysis of BrCHS1 and BrCHS3 promoter activity, GUS activity was strong in pigmented flowers of BrPCHS1‐GUS‐transformed tobacco plants, but nearly absent in BrPCHS3‐GUS‐transformed plants. Transcript levels of regulators, BrMYB75 and BrTT8, were strongly associated with the anthocyanin content and were light‐induced. Coregulated cis‐elements were found in promoters of BrCHS1,‐4, and ‐5, and BrMYB75 and BrTT8 had high binding activities to the BrCHS Unit 1 motif.• Conclusions: The chalcone synthase gene family encodes a redundant set of light‐responsive, tissue‐specific genes that are expressed at different levels and are involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in Tsuda turnip.
Development and evaluation of microsatellite markers for a native prairie perennial, Echinacea angustifolia (Asteraceae)
Authors: Ison Jennifer L. , Wagenius Stuart , Reitz Diedre , Ashley Mary V. 
Published: November 2013

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite loci for the native prairie perennial Echinacea angustifolia were developed and evaluated for future use in population structure and paternity studies.• Methods and Results: A total of 50 trinucleotide microsatellite regions were identified though an enrichment protocol that prescreens for microsatellite repeats before ligating into a vector. Of these, 11 loci were polymorphic and in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in three populations with varying numbers of plants. The loci had between three and 14 alleles and collectively provided high paternity exclusion probabilities.• Conclusions: These sets of microsatellite primers will provide researchers and land managers with valuable information on the population genetic structure and gene flow between fragmented prairie populations.
Mariage forcé, violence physique, violence morale..., une réflexion à partir de jugements de nullité de mariage
Authors: Rude-Antoine Edwige 
Published: November 2013

Nous examinons le consentement du mariage et la liberté des époux. À partir d’une étude des jugements de nullité de mariage, nous tentons de comprendre l’interprétation des juges de la notion de contrainte physique et morale. Nous analysons les conséquences des unions forcées : sentiment de honte, atteinte de la subjectivité mais aussi le traumatisme et les possibilités de résilience.
Violence conjugale : un modèle d'intervention sur le terrain
Authors: Giberti Eva 
Published: November 2013

Le programme argentin « Les victimes “contre” la violence » propose un dispositif pluridisciplinaire d’intervention sur le terrain unique en son genre. Chaque unité « mobile » se compose d’une équipe constituée de psychologues et d’assistantes sociales d’orientation psychanalytique, ainsi que d’agents de police et d’avocates. L’auteure, responsable et créatrice du dispositif, présente dans cet article quelques réflexions cliniques sur la situation des victimes qui appellent le service mobile. Elle s’intéresse en particulier à celles qui demandent une intervention extérieure mais ne souhaitent ni porter plainte, ni quitter définitivement le domicile conjugal.
De l'intime et des intimités chez l'enfant
Authors: Jacob Alby Virginie 
Published: November 2013

À l’heure du tout voir et du tout savoir, la place accordée à l’intime prend, paradoxalement, d’autant plus d’importance qu’elle désigne un espace fermé au regard ­de l’Autre et à celui du sujet sur lui-même. Or l’acte intime est celui par lequel le devenant humain se soutient de ce qui n’est pas encore l’inconscient mais qui le précède et détermine les conditions de son avènement. À ce stade, l’ infans doit prendre la parole, porté dans cet acte par ce que Pascal Quignard qualifie de « sonate maternelle ». Cette sonate maternelle, qui déterminerait la puissance de la pulsion invocante, se définit comme une amplitude narcissique originelle qui déplacerait l’avènement du trauma princeps du champ de la vue au champ de la voix. Selon notre hypothèse, c’est précisément dans cette souche originelle que se situe l’inscription primordiale du symbolique dans le réel, ceci selon les trois registres proposés par Jacques Lacan pour situer l’expérience humaine, soit le réel, le symbolique et l’imaginaire. C’est un temps où le sujet inscrit un rapport originel, intime et archaïque au signifiant.
ARTICLE RETIRÉ : « L'aller-vers » : entre érogénéité nécessaire et scénario pervers Mouvements et fantasmes de séduction dans la relation transférentielle avec les sans domicile fixe
Authors: Mathieu Franck , Moissinac Sandrine 
Published: November 2013

La plus grande partie du travail d’accompagnement des sujets sans domicile fixe consiste à créer un lien suffisamment solide et durable avec ce public. En effet, la dynamique relationnelle des sujets SDF s’est désorganisée en réaction à un vide central dans la personnalité résultant des failles du lien primaire réactualisées par la violence de la scène sociale. La démarche dite de « l’aller-vers », qui imprègne les pratiques sociales, éducatives et cliniques centrées sur cette population, s’inscrit dans cette perspective en tentant de franchir les processus d’évitement qui caractérisent la relation. Cependant ce dispositif implique une part de « séduction » nécessaire à l’accroche du lien vers la construction progressive d’une demande, mais également susceptible d’affoler les désirs du sujet et de conduire à des situations d’impasse subjectives. À travers l’étude de la notion de séduction en psychanalyse, les auteurs se proposent d’éclairer cette face inconsciente de la relation d’accompagnement avec les sujets SDF .
Effet d'énonce Apocalypse et révélation
Authors: Reniers Dominique , Cousin Anne-Lise , Verclytte Pauline , Pinel Carole 
Published: November 2013

Au-delà des représentations communes, l’apocalypse ne renvoie pas restrictivement à l’idée d’une fin du monde. Elle est avant tout « révélation » au sens d’un dévoilement de ce qui fondamentalement se réclame d’un voile pour prendre consistance. Se présente donc une proximité étonnante entre cette impression de fin du monde souvent entendue de la part de patients à qui un diagnostic létal est annoncé, et l’annonce même de ce diagnostic. On tente de montrer ici qu’au-delà d’un informatif se réclamant d’un savoir plein, qui exclut ce qui peut se dire du sujet, la vérité garde son plein droit de séance. Elle est d’ailleurs d’autant plus bruyamment exigée qu’elle se confond avec le savoir, par le patient autant que par le médecin. C’est en cela qu’elle trouve sa seule place au niveau du sujet dans une parole qu’il revient au clinicien d’entendre au-delà de son simple énoncé.
« La guerre, toujours » Rêver le réel
Authors: Benvenuto Sergio 
Published: November 2013

Dans cet essai l’auteur part d’un rêve de Primo Levi, concernant son expérience à Auschwitz, pour s’interroger sur la théorie freudienne du rêve ; une théorie que, à la différence de Popper, il considère réfutable. Il pense que la théorie de Freud dans son ensemble est basée sur un présupposé fondamental : que l’être humain trouve dans die Lust (à la fois désir et jouissance) son essence, et que donc tout dans sa vie – y compris les rêves – expriment cette essence. L’auteur, en se référant à des écrits de Freud et à des exemples artistiques et littéraires (les tableaux « Et in Arcadia Ego », La métamorphose de Kafka), cherche à montrer dans quel sens la recherche apparente de souffrance lie l’être humain au souci du réel, et donc à la reconnaissance de sa propre mort. Ce qui implique que l’inconscient n’est pas simplement l’effet d’une machine à jouir, mais qu’il exprime aussi le tropisme humain pour le réel.
An Alanine-to-Proline Mutation in the BB-Loop of TLR3 Toll/IL-1R Domain Switches Signalling Adaptor Specificity from TRIF to MyD88
Authors: Verstak Brett , Arnot Christopher J. , Gay Nicholas J. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
A functionally important proline residue is highly conserved in the cytosolic Toll/IL-1R signaling domains of human TLRs. The antiviral Toll, TLR3, is unusual because it has alanine instead of proline at this position and is the only human TLR that associates directly with the adaptor molecule TIR domain–containing adaptor inducing IFN-β (TRIF) rather than MyD88. In this article, we report that a mutant TLR3 that substitutes the BB-loop alanine for proline (A795P) enhances NF-κB activation but is incapable of mediating TRIF-dependent IFN response factor 3 responses. Wild-type and A795P TLR3 associate constitutively with both TRIF and MyD88, and activation induces additional binding of TRIF to the wild-type and of MyD88 to the A795P mutant receptors, respectively. In addition, activation of A795P, but not wild-type TLR3, leads to the recruitment of TRAF6, a downstream signal transducer of the MyD88-dependent pathway. These results show that adaptor specificity can be conferred by minimal determinants of the Toll/IL-1R domain.
CD55 Costimulation Induces Differentiation of a Discrete T Regulatory Type 1 Cell Population with a Stable Phenotype
Authors: Sutavani Ruhcha V. , Bradley Richard G. , Ramage Judith M. , Jackson Andrew M. , Durrant Lindy G. , Spendlove Ian 
Published: November 2013

AbstractUnlike other helper T cells, the costimulatory ligands responsible for T regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cell differentiation remain undefined. Understanding the molecular interactions driving peripheral Tr1 differentiation is important because Tr1s potently regulate immune responses by IL-10 production. In this study, we show that costimulation of human naive CD4+ cells through CD97/CD55 interaction drives Tr1 activation, expansion, and function. T cell activation and expansion was equipotent with CD55 or CD28 costimulation; however, CD55 costimulation resulted in two IL-10–secreting populations. Most IL-10 was secreted by the minor Tr1 population (IL-10highIFN-γ−IL-4-, &lt;5% cells) that expresses Tr1 markers CD49b, LAG-3, and CD226. This Tr1 phenotype was not restimulated by CD28. However, on CD55 restimulation, Tr1s proliferated and maintained their differentiated IL-10high phenotype. The Tr1s significantly suppressed effector T cell function in an IL-10–dependent manner. The remaining (&gt;95%) cells adopted a Th1-like IFN-γ+ phenotype. However, in contrast to CD28-derived Th1s, CD55-derived Th1s demonstrated increased plasticity with the ability to coexpress IL-10 when restimulated through CD55 or CD28. These data identify CD55 as a novel costimulator of human Tr1s and support a role for alternative costimulatory pathways in determining the fate of the growing number of T helper populations. This study demonstrates that CD55 acts as a potent costimulator and activator of human naive CD4+ cells, resulting in the differentiation of a discrete Tr1 population that inhibits T cell function in an IL-10–dependent manner and maintains the Tr1 phenotype upon restimulation.
GANP Interacts with APOBEC3G and Facilitates Its Encapsidation into the Virions To Reduce HIV-1 Infectivity
Authors: Maeda Kazuhiko , Almofty Sarah Ameen , Singh Shailendra Kumar , Eid Mohammed Mansour Abbas , Shimoda Mayuko , Ikeda Terumasa , Koito Atsushi , Pham Phuong , Goodman Myron F. , Sakaguchi Nobuo 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The ssDNA-dependent deoxycytidine deaminase apolipoprotein B mRNA–editing, enzyme-catalytic, polypeptide-like 3G (A3G) is a potent restrictive factor against HIV-1 virus lacking viral-encoded infectivity factor (Vif) in CD4+ T cells. A3G antiretroviral activity requires its encapsulation into HIV-1 virions. In this study, we show that germinal center–associated nuclear protein (GANP) is induced in activated CD4+ T cells and physically interacts with A3G. Overexpression of GANP augments the A3G encapsidation into the virion-like particles and ΔVif HIV-1 virions. GANP is encapsidated in HIV-1 virion and modulates A3G packaging into the cores together with cellular RNAs, including 7SL RNA, and with unspliced HIV-1 genomic RNA. GANP upregulation leads to a significant increase in A3G-catalyzed G→A hypermutation in the viral genome and suppression of HIV-1 infectivity in a single-round viral infection assay. Conversely, GANP knockdown caused a marked increase in HIV-1 infectivity in a multiple-round infection assay. The data suggest that GANP is a cellular factor that facilitates A3G encapsidation into HIV-1 virions to inhibit viral infectivity.