bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Champagne purchasing: the influence of kudos and sentimentality
Authors: Morton Anne‐Louise , Rivers Cheryl , Charters Stephen , Spinks Wendy 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the engagement of Australian consumers when buying and drinking Champagne.Design/methodology/approachThe paper identified seven variables a priori that were expected to influence consumers' decisions and then used exploratory interviews to investigate how Champagne consumers were influenced by these. The authors interviewed Champagne marketers, sellers, educators, connoisseurs and aspirational consumers. The interview protocol allowed respondents to identify other variables.FindingsThe paper identified two new variables that, inter alia, influence Australian consumers in their Champagne selection. These were the kudos that comes from the people they serve or give it to and their sentimentality about previous experiences of Champagne consumption. The two new variables are the focus of this paper.Research limitations/implicationsThe exploratory nature of this research means larger studies are needed to confirm the preliminary findings, particularly in other, non Anglo‐Saxon cultures.Practical implicationsChampagne houses could place greater emphasis on kudos and sentimentality in their marketing campaigns; additionally cultural issues could affect how the two factors operate in different markets.Originality/valueKudos and sentimentality have not been previously emphasised in the wine consumer behaviour literature.
Safeguarding vulnerable adults: exploring the challenges to best practice across multi‐agency settings
Authors: Stevens Emma 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to highlight contemporary issues in achieving best practice in safeguarding adults across multi‐agency settings.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is an empirical exploration, reviewing a range of relevant literature and recent policy to present evidence suggesting that there continue to be challenges in achieving best practice in multi‐agency approaches to safeguarding. The literature review was undertaken using the following databases: Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane, PsycINFO and Medline. The inclusion criteria included being peer‐reviewed and published between 2004 and 2012. The key words used were: “safeguarding adults” and “abuse”. Further literature was found through adopting a “snowballing” technique, in which additional sources were found from the reference lists used in the initial articles.FindingsAlthough guidance such as No Secrets from the Department of Health, in 2000, emphasises the importance of a multi‐agency approach, this continues to be problematic and presents challenges. In practice, differing professionals may not fully understand each other's roles and responsibilities and both thresholds and scope of adult abuse are still not universally agreed. Legislation could be used positively to mandate the multi‐agency approach to adult safeguarding, supported by local Safeguarding Adults Boards and local policies can be used to provide guidance and clarity for practitioners. Further empirical investigation into supporting the multi‐agency approach is required.Originality/valueThe paper fulfils the need for discussion on the complexities and challenges that continue to present in multi‐agency responses to adult safeguarding practice.
Chewing tobacco use among South‐East Asian men in Auckland
Authors: Lokhande Sunder , Glover Marewa , Selket Kyro 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the use of chewing tobacco by South East Asian men in Auckland and their difficulty in giving up the habit.Design/methodology/approachSemi‐structured interviews with ten men were conducted in a grounded theory case study design. Snowball sampling was used to identify and recruit participants from hard‐to‐find populations. Written consents were obtained.FindingsEach of the men attributed their initiation to chewing tobacco to the influence of friends and the society in which they lived. They all were aware that chewing tobacco could increase their risk for oral cancer and wanted to quit. New Zealand law prohibits the import and sale of oral forms of tobacco. However, the men in this study were still able to get chewing tobacco via friends and family bringing it into the country “for personal use”.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper opens up a space for further research within the South East Asian communities, with the view to identifying and developing effective cessation methods.Originality/valueThis paper is significant as there has been minimal research conducted on the pervasiveness of chewing tobacco in the South East Asian communities in New Zealand.
The genus Pseudovibrio contains metabolically versatile bacteria adapted for symbiosis
Authors: Bondarev Vladimir , Richter Michael , Romano Stefano , Piel Jörn , Schwedt Anne , Schulz‐Vogt Heide N. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryThe majority of strains belonging to the genus Pseudovibrio have been isolated from marine invertebrates such as tunicates, corals and particularly sponges, but the physiology of these bacteria is poorly understood. In this study, we analyse for the first time the genomes of two Pseudovibrio strains – FO‐BEG1 and JE062. The strain FO‐BEG1 is a required symbiont of a cultivated Beggiatoa strain, a sulfide‐oxidizing, autotrophic bacterium, which was initially isolated from a coral. Strain JE062 was isolated from a sponge. The presented data show that both strains are generalistic bacteria capable of importing and oxidizing a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds to meet their carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and energy requirements under both, oxic and anoxic conditions. Several physiological traits encoded in the analysed genomes were verified in laboratory experiments with both isolates. Besides the versatile metabolic abilities of both Pseudovibrio strains, our study reveals a number of open reading frames and gene clusters in the genomes that seem to be involved in symbiont–host interactions. Both Pseudovibrio strains have the genomic potential to attach to host cells, interact with the eukaryotic cell machinery, produce secondary metabolites and supply the host with cofactors.
Mass effects meet species sorting: transformations of microbial assemblages in epiphreatic subsurface karst water pools
Authors: Shabarova Tanja , Widmer Franco , Pernthaler Jakob 
Published: March 2013

SummaryWe investigated the transformations of the microbial communities in epiphreatic karst cave pools with different flooding frequencies. Fingerprinting of 16S rRNA genes was combined with microscopic and sequence analysis to examine if source water would transport comparable microbial inocula into the pools at consecutive flood events, and to assess possible effects of residence time on the microbial assemblages during stagnant periods. Variability in the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and conductivity indicated differences between floods and changes of pool water over time. High numbers of Betaproteobacteria affiliated with Methylophilaceae and Comamonadaceae were introduced into the pools during floodings. While the former persisted in the pools, the latter exhibited considerable microdiversification. These Betaproteobacteria might thus represent core microbial groups in karst water. A decrease in the estimated total diversity of the remaining bacterial taxa was apparent after a few weeks of residence: Some were favoured by stagnant conditions, whereas the majority was rapidly outcompeted. Thus, the microbial communities consisted of different components governed by complementary assembly mechanisms (dispersal versus environmental filtering) upon introduction into the pools. High overlap of temporary and persistent community members between samplings from two winters, moreover, reflected the seasonal recurrence of the studied microbial assemblages.
Genome‐wide transposon insertion scanning of environmental survival functions in the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacterium Sphingomonas wittichii RW1
Authors: Roggo Clémence , Coronado Edith , Moreno‐Forero Silvia K. , Harshman Keith , Weber Johann , van der Meer Jan Roelof 
Published: March 2013

SummarySphingomonas wittichii RW1 is a dibenzofuran and dibenzodioxin‐degrading bacterium with potentially interesting properties for bioaugmentation of contaminated sites. In order to understand the capacity of the microorganism to survive in the environment we used a genome‐wide transposon scanning approach. RW1 transposon libraries were generated with around 22 000 independent insertions. Libraries were grown for an average of 50 generations (five successive passages in batch liquid medium) with salicylate as sole carbon and energy source in presence or absence of salt stress at −1.5 MPa. Alternatively, libraries were grown in sand with salicylate, at 50% water holding capacity, for 4 and 10 days (equivalent to 7 generations). Library DNA was recovered from the different growth conditions and scanned by ultrahigh throughput sequencing for the positions and numbers of inserted transposed kanamycin resistance gene. No transposon reads were recovered in 579 genes (10% of all annotated genes in the RW1 genome) in any of the libraries, suggesting those to be essential for survival under the used conditions. Libraries recovered from sand differed strongly from those incubated in liquid batch medium. In particular, important functions for survival of cells in sand at the short term concerned nutrient scavenging, energy metabolism and motility. In contrast to this, fatty acid metabolism and oxidative stress response were essential for longer term survival of cells in sand. Comparison to transcriptome data suggested important functions in sand for flagellar movement, pili synthesis, trehalose and polysaccharide synthesis and putative cell surface antigen proteins. Interestingly, a variety of genes were also identified, interruption of which cause significant increase in fitness during growth on salicylate. One of these was an Lrp family transcription regulator and mutants in this gene covered more than 90% of the total library after 50 generations of growth on salicylate. Our results demonstrate the power of genome‐wide transposon scanning approaches for analysis of complex traits.
Angiogenic factors combined with clinical risk factors to predict preterm pre‐eclampsia in nulliparous women: a predictive test accuracy study
Authors: Myers JE , Kenny LC , McCowan LME , Chan EHY , Dekker GA , Poston L , Simpson NAB , North RA ,   on behalf of the SCOPE consortium
Published: March 2013

ObjectivesTo assess the performance of clinical risk factors, uterine artery Doppler and angiogenic markers to predict preterm pre‐eclampsia in nulliparous women.DesignPredictive test accuracy study.SettingProspective multicentre cohort study Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE).MethodsLow‐risk nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy were recruited. Clinical risk factor data were obtained and plasma placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble endoglin and soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) were measured at 14–16 weeks of gestation. Prediction models were developed using multivariable stepwise logistic regression.Main outcome measurePreterm pre‐eclampsia (delivered before 37+0 weeks of gestation).ResultsOf the 3529 women recruited, 187 (5.3%) developed pre‐eclampsia of whom 47 (1.3%) delivered preterm. Controls (n = 188) were randomly selected from women without preterm pre‐eclampsia and included women who developed other pregnancy complications. An area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.76 (95% CI 0.67–0.84) was observed using previously reported clinical risk variables. The AUC improved following the addition of PlGF measured at 14–16 weeks (0.84; 95% CI 0.77–0.91), but no further improvement was observed with the addition of uterine artery Doppler or the other angiogenic markers. A sensitivity of 45% (95% CI 0.31–0.59) (5% false‐positive rate) and post‐test probability of 11% (95% CI 9–13) were observed using clinical risk variables and PlGF measurement.ConclusionsAddition of plasma PlGF at 14–16 weeks of gestation to clinical risk assessment improved the identification of nulliparous women at increased risk of developing preterm pre‐eclampsia, but the performance is not sufficient to warrant introduction as a clinical screening test. These findings are marker dependent, not assay dependent; additional markers are needed to achieve clinical utility.
Sequential screening for psychosocial and behavioural risk during pregnancy in a population of urban African Americans
Authors: Kiely M , Gantz MG , El‐Khorazaty MN , El‐Mohandes AAE 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveScreening for psychosocial and behavioural risks, such as depression, intimate partner violence, and smoking, during pregnancy is considered to be state of the art in prenatal care. This prospective longitudinal analysis examines the added benefit of repeated screening, compared with a single screening, in identifying such risks during pregnancy.DesignData were collected as part of a randomised controlled trial to address intimate partner violence, depression, smoking, and environmental tobacco smoke exposure in African American women.SettingPrenatal care sites in the District of Columbia serving mainly women of minority background.PopulationA cohort of 1044 African American pregnant women in the District of Columbia.MethodsMothers were classified by their initial response (acknowledgement of risks), and these data were updated during pregnancy. Risks were considered new if they were not previously reported. Standard hypothesis tests and logistic regression were used to predict the acknowledgment of any new risk(s) during pregnancy.Main outcome measuresNew risks: psychosocial variables to understand what factors might help identify the acknowledgement of additional risk(s).ResultsRepeated screening identified more mothers acknowledging risk over time. Reported smoking increased by 11%, environmental tobacco smoke exposure increased by 19%, intimate partner violence increased by 9%, and depression increased by 20%. The psychosocial variables collected at the baseline that were entered into the logistic regression model included relationship status, education, Medicaid, illicit drug use, and alcohol use during pregnancy. Among these, only education less than high school was associated with the acknowledgement of new risk in the bivariate analyses, and significantly predicted the identification of new risks (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.01–1.90).ConclusionsIt is difficult to predict early on who will acknowledge new risks over the course of pregnancy, and thus all women should be screened repeatedly to allow for the identification of risks and intervention during prenatal care.
The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on behaviour in 5‐year‐old children: a prospective cohort study on 1628 children
Authors: Skogerbø Å , Kesmodel US , Denny CH , Kjaersgaard MIS , Wimberley T , Landrø NI , Mortensen EL 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo examine the effects of low to moderate maternal alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on behaviour in children at the age of 5 years.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingNeuropsychological testing in four Danish cities, 2003–2008.PopulationA total of 1628 women and their children sampled from the Danish National Birth Cohort.MethodsParticipants were sampled based on maternal alcohol drinking patterns during early pregnancy. When the children were 5 years of age the parent and teacher versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were completed by the mothers and a preschool teacher, respectively. The full statistical model included the following potential confounding factors: maternal binge drinking or low to moderate alcohol consumption, respectively; parental education; maternal IQ; prenatal maternal smoking; the child's age at testing; the child's gender; maternal age; parity; maternal marital status; family home environment; postnatal parental smoking; prepregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI); and the child's health status.Main outcome measureBehaviour among children assessed by the SDQ parent and teacher forms.ResultsAdjusted for all potential confounding factors, no statistically significant associations were observed between maternal low to moderate average weekly alcohol consumption and SDQ behavioural scores (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.5–2.3; OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.6–2.1 for the total difficulties scores) or between binge drinking and SDQ behavioural scores (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.8–1.7; OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6–1.2).ConclusionThis study observed no consistent effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption or binge drinking in early pregnancy on offspring behaviour at the age of 5 years.
The Use of Scale‐Invariance Feature Transform Approach to Recognize and Retrieve Incomplete Shoeprints
Authors: Wei Chia‐Hung , Li Yue , Gwo Chih‐Ying 
Published: March 2013

AbstractShoeprints left at the crime scene provide valuable information in criminal investigation due to the distinctive patterns in the sole. Those shoeprints are often incomplete and noisy. In this study, scale‐invariance feature transform is proposed and evaluated for recognition and retrieval of partial and noisy shoeprint images. The proposed method first constructs different scale spaces to detect local extrema in the underlying shoeprint images. Those local extrema are considered as useful key points in the image. Next, the features of those key points are extracted to represent their local patterns around key points. Then, the system computes the cross‐correlation between the query image and each shoeprint image in the database. Experimental results show that full‐size prints and prints from the toe area perform best among all shoeprints. Furthermore, this system also demonstrates its robustness against noise because there is a very slight difference in comparison between original shoeprints and noisy shoeprints.
Diversity of Forensic Rove Beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) Associated with Decaying Pig Carcass in a Forest Biotope
Authors: Dekeirsschieter Jessica , Frederick Christine , Verheggen Francois J. , Drugmand Didier , Haubruge Eric 
Published: March 2013

AbstractMost forensic studies are focused on Diptera pattern colonization while neglecting Coleoptera succession. So far, little information is available on the postmortem colonization by beetles and the decomposition process they initiate under temperate biogeoclimatic countries. These beetles have, however, been referred to as being part of the entomofaunal colonization of a dead body. Forensic entomologists need increased databases detailing the distribution, ecology, and phenology of necrophagous insects, including staphylinids (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). While pig carcasses are commonly used in forensic entomology studies to surrogate human decomposition and to investigate the entomofaunal succession, very few works have been conducted inEurope on large carcasses. Our work reports the monitoring of the presence of adult rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) on decaying pig carcasses in a forest biotope during four seasons (spring, summer, fall, and winter). A total of 23 genera comprising 60 species of rove beetles were collected from pig carcasses.
The Quantitation of Cocaine on U.S. Currency: Survey and Significance of the Levels of Contamination
Authors: Jourdan Thomas H. , Veitenheimer Allison M. , Murray Cynthia K. , Wagner Jarrad R. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIt has long been suspected that the illicit distribution of cocaine in the United States has led to a large‐scale contamination of the currency supply. To investigate the extent of contamination, 418 currency samples (4174 bills) were collected from 90 locations around the United States from 1993 to 2009. The extent of their cocaine contamination was quantitated via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The level of cocaine contamination was determined to average 2.34 ng/bill across all denominations ($1, $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100). Levels of cocaine contamination on currency submitted to the Federal Bureau of Investigation Laboratory in criminal cases over the 1993–2001 timeframe had significantly higher contamination than currency in general circulation. A mathematical model was developed based on the background survey that indicates the likelihood of drawing a bill in specific concentration ranges. For example, there is a 0.8349 likelihood that random bill will have contamination less than 20 ng.
Discrete Traits of the Sternum and Ribs: A Useful Contribution to Identification in Forensic Anthropology and Medicine
Authors: Verna Emeline , Piercecchi‐Marti Marie‐Dominique , Chaumoitre Kathia , Bartoli Christophe , Leonetti Georges , Adalian Pascal 
Published: March 2013

AbstractDuring forensic anthropological investigation, biological profile is determined by age, sex, ancestry, and stature. However, several individuals may share the same profile. Observation of discrete traits can yield useful information and contribute to identification. This research establishes the frequency of discrete traits of the sternum and ribs in a modern population in southern France, using 500 computer tomography (CT) scans of individuals aged 15–60 years. Only discrete traits with a frequency lower than 10% according to the literature were considered, a total of eight traits. All scans examined were three‐dimensional (3D) volume renderings from DICOM images. In our population, the frequency of all the discrete traits was lower than 5%. None were associated with sex or age, with the exception of a single trait, the end of the xiphoid process. Our findings can usefully be applied for identification purposes in forensic anthropology and medicine.
Analysis of Bone Healing in a Postoperative Patient: Skeletal Evidence of Medical Neglect and Human Rights Violations
Authors: Báez‐Molgado Socorro , Peñaloza Abigail Meza , Spradley M. Katherine , Bartelink Eric J. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis study highlights complexities associated with postsurgical trauma interpretation of a 76‐year‐old female patient from a psychiatric institution in Mexico. The skeletal analysis identified complications from an unsuccessful surgical operation for an intertrochanteric fracture of the femur. An improperly placed surgical plate resulted in nonunion due to limited contact between fracture margins. However, it is unclear whether this resulted from surgical complications, ineffective postoperative care, or from the decedent's limited ability to follow postoperative care instructions. Additionally, failure of the plate resulted in degenerative changes to the acetabulum. These complications, associated with degenerative changes to upper limb joints, suggest significant mobility issues. The pattern of antemortem trauma and contextual information support a conclusion of postoperative medical neglect, a documented problem in psychiatric institutions in Latin America. This study provides insight into the relevance of detailed trauma assessment of skeletal remains in cases where neglect and human rights violations are suspected.