bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robotic technology for pelvic exenteration in cases of cervical cancer
Authors: Iavazzo Christos , Gkegkes Ioannis D. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBackgroundCervical cancer represents one of the most common types of neoplasia among women; the use of minimally invasive techniques in the treatment of cervical cancer is a challenge.ObjectivesTo present evidence regarding robotic technology in the performance of pelvic exenteration in cases of cervical cancer.Search strategyPubMed and Scopus databases were searched.Selection criteriaArticles examining the use of robotic technology for pelvic exenteration in cases of cervical cancer were included.Data collection and analysisFour studies were included.Main resultsMost cancers treated with robotic‐assisted pelvic exenteration were squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix. The stage of primary cancer ranged from IB2 to IVA. In 7 of the 8 patients, anterior pelvic exenteration was performed; the other patient underwent total pelvic exenteration. Procedure duration ranged from 375 to 600 minutes; blood loss was 200–550 mL. Postoperative complications occurred in 2 of the 8 patients and included perineal abscess, Miami pouch fistula, and ureteral stenosis. Postoperative hospital stay ranged from 3 to 53 days, and postoperative follow‐up ranged from 2 to 31 months.ConclusionsThe gold standard for pelvic exenteration remains the open surgical approach; however, the application of robotic technology could be an alternate choice associated with excellent results.
Taking a shine to it: How the preference for glossy stems from an innate need for water
Authors: Meert Katrien , Pandelaere Mario , Patrick Vanessa M. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractHuman beings are attracted to glossy objects. However, the investigation of whether this preference for glossy is a systematic bias, and the rationale for why, has received little or no attention. Drawing on an evolutionary psychology framework, we propose and test the hypothesis that the preference for glossy stems from an innate preference for fresh water as a valuable resource. In a set of six studies we demonstrate the preference for glossy among both adults and young children (studies 1A, 1B and 2) ruling out a socialization explanation, investigate the hypothesis that the preference for glossy stems from an innate need for water as a resource (studies 3 and 5) and, in addition, rule out the more superficial account of glossy = pretty (study 4). The interplay between the different perspectives, implications of the findings and future research directions are discussed.
Prevention of BMS‐777607‐induced polyploidy/senescence by mTOR inhibitor AZD8055 sensitizes breast cancer cells to cytotoxic chemotherapeutics
Authors: Sharma Sharad , Yao Hang-Ping , Zhou Yong-Qing , Zhou Jianwei , Zhang Ruiwen , Wang Ming-Hai 
Published: January 2014

Targeted inhibition of MET/RON signaling by tyrosine kinase inhibitor BMS‐777607 for cancer treatment is currently under clinical trials. We have previously shown that BMS‐777607 induces chemoresistance in vitro by causing polyploidy, which hampers therapeutic efficacy. Here, we studied polyploidy‐associated senescence induced by BMS‐777607 in breast cancer cells and its prevention by mTOR inhibitor AZD8055, leading to increased chemosensitivity. In breast cancer T‐47D and ZR‐75‐1 cells, BMS‐777607 induced phenotypic changes including enlarged cellular size, flattened morphology, increased DNA content, and activity of senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase. These changes were accompanied by increased p21/WAF1 expression and decreased Retinoblastoma Ser780 phosphorylation, indicating that BMS‐777607 induces not only polyploidy but also senescence. The appearance of senescence was associated with polyploidy in which β‐galactosidase is exclusively expressed in polyploid cells. Survivin expression was increased in polyploid/senescent cells as analyzed by Western blotting. Increased survivin accumulated both in the nucleus and cytoplasm and dissociated with condensed DNA and mitotic spindle at the metaphase. Abnormal accumulation of survivin also rendered polyploid/senescent cells insensitive to cytotoxic activities of YM155, a DNA damaging agent with a suppressive effect on survivin gene transcription. AZD8055, a specific mTOR inhibitor, effectively prevented BMS‐777607‐induced polyploidy and senescence and restored survivin expression and its nuclear localization to normal levels. Although a synergism was not observed, BMS‐777607 plus AZD8055 increased cancer cell sensitivity toward different cytotoxic chemotherapeutics. In conclusion, BMS‐777607‐induced chemoresistance is associated with cell polyploidy and senescence. Inhibition of mTOR signaling by AZD8055 prevents BMS‐777607‐induced polyploidy/senescence and increases breast cancer cell chemosensitivity.
Psychische Schutzfaktoren bei Kindern
Authors: Geene Raimund 
Published: January 2014

Einleitung
In den Kindheitswissenschaften ist eine Ausrichtung auf Schutzfaktoren/Ressourcen breit konsentiert. Etablierte psychologische Ressourcenkonzepte sind jedoch weitgehend personalisiert und mithin für Kinder nur eingeschränkt anwendbar. Umfassende Konzepte wie der Capability Approach ergänzen sich mit dem Setting-Ansatz in Kitas und Schulen. Der Kommune kann dabei die Rolle eines Dach-Settings zukommen, insbesondere Übergängen/Präventionsketten. Familien bedürfen einer anderen Interventionslogik nach Maßgabe der Kernstrategien der Ottawa-Charta, wie es im neuen Handlungsfeld der Frühen Hilfen entwickelt wird.
Psychische Gesundheit: Definition und Relevanz
Authors: Schlipfenbacher Carina , Jacobi Frank 
Published: January 2014

Einleitung
Ausgehend von der Definition der Weltgesundheitsorganisation wird eine Konkretisierung der Begriffe psychische Gesundheit und psychische Erkrankung anhand des allgemeinen Krankheitsmodells von Schulte (1998) bereitgestellt. Der Artikel beschäftigt sich anschließend näher mit den aktuellen Veränderungen in der Häufigkeit psychischer Erkrankungen und die damit verbundene Krankheitslast, die deutliche Public-Health-Relevanz besitzt. Die Besonderheiten psychischer Erkrankungen werden herausgestrichen, und es wird die wechselseitig Beeinflussung körperlicher und psychischer Erkrankungen behandelt. Es gibt gute Argumente dafür, seelischem Leid auf verschiedensten strukturellen, gesellschaftlichen bis hin zu ethischen Ebenen mehr Gewicht einzuräumen.
Prävention psychischer Erkrankungen – Ziele für ein Nationales Aktionsprogramm
Authors: Richter Rainer 
Published: January 2014

Einleitung
Psychische Erkrankungen gehören zu den Volkskrankheiten des 21. Jahrhunderts. Die Bundespsychotherapeutenkammer hält deshalb ein Aktionsprogramm,,Psychische Gesundheit“ für notwendig, um wirksame Präventionsansätze ressortübergreifend zusammenzuführen und damit zu stärken. Durch frühzeitige und niedrigschwellige Maßnahmen können psychische Erkrankungen vermieden, die Versorgungssysteme entlastet und Wartezeiten auf eine leitliniengerechte Behandlung deutlich reduziert werden.
Suizidprävention im Alter
Authors: Lindner Reinhard , Schneider Barbara 
Published: January 2014

EinleitungÄltere haben die höchste Suizidrate und nehmen zugleich Hilfsmöglichkeiten selten an. Suizidprävention im Alter versucht zum einen, akut Suizidgefährdete direkt durch Depressions- und Suizidalitätscreenings, jedoch auch Krisenintervention, Psychotherapie und psychiatrische Behandlungen zu erreichen. Zudem werden Gruppen mit Suizidrisiko angesprochen, besonders durch „Gatekeeper“-Training. Gesamtgesellschaftliche Interventionen zielen vor allem auf das Alters- und das Altenbild in der Gesellschaft.
Psychosoziale Onkologie
Authors: Schulz-Kindermann Frank , Bergelt Corinna 
Published: January 2014

Einleitung
Psychoonkologie ist eine eigenständige Fachdisziplin, die psychosoziale Aspekte bei der Entstehung, Behandlung und im Verlauf von Krebserkrankungen wissenschaftlich untersucht und auf die Umsetzung dieser Befunde in der Versorgung abzielt. Psychoonkologische Interventionen als integraler Bestandteil patientenzentrierter Versorgung richten sich an Patienten und Angehörige und erfolgen interdisziplinär in allen Versorgungssektoren (Akutbehandlung, Rehabilitation, Nachsorge) und Krankheitsstadien.
Strukturen und Prozesse für eine effektive vernetzte Versorgung in der Psychiatrie: ein Forschungsprojekt
Authors: Stegbauer Constance , Kleine-Budde Katja , Bestmann Beate , Szecsenyi Joachim , Bramesfeld Anke 
Published: January 2014

Einleitung
Psychische Erkrankungen erfordern eine umfangreiche Versorgung, die sich an die im Laufe der Erkrankung verändernden Bedürfnisse der Erkrankten anpasst und den Menschen Kontinuität bietet. Modelle der vernetzten Versorgung versuchen, psychisch kranken Menschen eine koordinierte und kontinuierliche Versorgung anzubieten. Ziel des Projekts „Vernetzte Versorgung 13+1“ ist das Identifizieren von Strukturen und Prozessen, die mit guten Patientenergebnissen in der vernetzten Versorgung assoziiert sind.
Psychotherapeutenausbildung auf dem Prüfstand – demnächst Medizinalisierung pur?
Authors: Zurhorst Günter 
Published: January 2014

Einleitung
Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der aktuellen Debatte um die Novellierung des Psychotherapeutengesetzes und der damit verbundenen Richtungsentscheidung, ob die Psychotherapieausbildung sich ganz und gar dem biomedizinischen Paradigma anpasst oder dem biopsychosozialen Paradigma (Public Health) den Vorzug gibt.
Patients With Low Back Pain Demonstrate Increased Activity of the Posterior Oblique Sling Muscle During Prone Hip Extension
Authors: Kim Ji‐Won , Kang Min‐Hyeok , Oh Jae‐Seop 
Published: January 2014

ObjectivesTo examine activation patterns of the myofascial chain in women experiencing chronic low back pain (CLBP) and women without CLBP during a prone hip extension (PHE) test.DesignCross‐sectional.SettingClinical research laboratory.ParticipantsFifteen women experiencing CLBP and 15 women without CLBP.MethodsSurface electromyographic recordings from the posterior oblique sling during PHE.Main Outcome MeasurementsTwo‐sample t‐tests were used to compare demographic information and electromyographic signal amplitude of the posterior oblique sling between groups.ResultsWomen with CLBP exhibited significantly increased normalized electromyographic signal amplitudes in the contralateral latissimus dorsi (P = .01), contralateral elector spinae (P < .01), ipsilateral elector spinae (P < .01), ipsilateral gluteus maximus (P = .03), and ipsilateral biceps femoris (P = .02) compared with women without CLBP.ConclusionsWomen with CLBP had greater activity in the posterior oblique sling muscles than did women without CLBP during PHE. These findings suggest that an alteration can be made in posterior oblique sling muscle activities during PHE in women with CLBP.
Sonographic Measurements of the Ulnar Nerve at the Elbow With Different Degrees of Elbow Flexion
Authors: Patel Prutha , Norbury John W. , Fang Xiangming 
Published: January 2014

ObjectiveTo determine whether there were differences in the cross‐sectional area (CSA) and the flattening ratio of the normative ulnar nerve as it passes between the medial epicondyle and the olecranon at 30° of elbow flexion versus 90° of elbow flexion.DesignBilateral upper extremities of normal healthy adult volunteers were evaluated with ultrasound. The CSA and the flattening ratio of the ulnar nerve at the elbow as it passes between the medial epicondyle and the olecranon were measured, with the elbow flexed at 30° and at 90°, by 2 operators with varying ultrasound scanning experience by using ellipse and direct tracing methods. The results from the 2 different angles of elbow flexion were compared for each individual operator. Finally, intraclass correlations for absolute agreement and consistency between the 2 raters were calculated.SettingAn outpatient clinic room at a regional rehabilitation center.ParticipantsTwenty‐five normal healthy adult volunteers.Main Outcome MeasurementThe mean CSA and the mean flattening ratio of the ulnar nerve at 30° of elbow flexion and at 90° of elbow flexion.ResultsFirst, for the ellipse method, the mean CSA of the ulnar nerve at 90° (9.93 mm2) was slightly larger than at 30° (9.77 mm2) for rater 1. However, for rater 2, the mean CSA of the ulnar nerve at 90° (6.80 mm2) was slightly smaller than at 30° (7.08 mm2). This was found to be statistically insignificant when using a matched pairs t test and the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, with a significance level of .05. Similarly, the difference between the right side and the left side was not statistically significant. The intraclass correlations for absolute agreement between the 2 raters were not very high due to different measurement locations, but the intraclass correlations for consistency were high. Second, for the direct tracing method, the mean CSA at 90° (7.26 mm2) was slightly lower than at 30° (7.48 mm2). This was found to be statistically nonsignificant when using the matched pairs t test and the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test with a significance level of .05. There was no significant difference in the average flattening ratio between the 2 angles for the left arm (0.54 at 30° vs 0.56 at 90°; P = .619 for the matched pairs t test and .274 for the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test). However, for the right arm, the flattening ratio at 90° was significantly higher than that at 30° (0.58 at 90° vs 0.50 at 30°; P = .007 for both the matched pairs t test and the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test).ConclusionsThe mean CSA of the ulnar nerve at the elbow at 30° was not significantly different than at 90°. However, the average flattening ratio at 90° was found to be significantly higher than at 30° for the right arm.
Hydration in Female Drivers in a 1044 km Dog Sled Race in Finnmark
Authors: Weydahl Andi , Calogiuri Giovanna 
Published: January 2014

Objective Drinking strategies during long dog sled competitions are important to avoid dehydration. Most of the studies involving dog sled racers (mushers) refer to male subjects. The purpose of this study was to study female mushers participating in a dog sled race of 1044 km, with a focus on hydration and drinking behavior. Methods Two female mushers (aged 50 and 23 years), of the 6 who signed up for participation in the dog sled 1044 km race, volunteered for the study. Before the race, maximum oxygen uptake and maximum heart rate (HR) were determined. Body compositions was measured before and shortly after the race. Heart rate was continuously measured by a HR monitor in the first 2 legs of the race, and urine samples were collected during the race. Urine osmolality and urine specific gravity were determined using freezing point depression and handheld refractometer. Values of urine osmolality greater than 900 mOsm·L−1 and specific gravity greater than 1.030 were used as signs of dehydration. Results The older musher had a mean HR of 65%, and the younger musher had a mean HR of 57% of the predicted maximum HR. The mushers reached a peak HR of 91% of their predicted maximum; they worked at an average HR of 55% (average of all legs). The younger woman had urine osmolality values above the dehydration limits in most of the samples. Only small changes in the before and after race anthropometric measurements were found. Conclusions Dog sled racing is a strenuous activity and drinking strategies are important to avoid dehydration. It seems that the drinking strategy of our subjects was adequate to supplement the hydration loss; yet, emotional arousals occurring during the race may affect drinking behavior. The attentive assistance of the mushers’ handlers is therefore important.
The Dutch Healthy Diet index as assessed by 24 h recalls and FFQ: associations with biomarkers from a cross-sectional study
Authors: van Lee Linde , Feskens Edith J. M. , Hooft van Huysduynen Eveline J. C. , de Vries Jeanne H. M. , van 't Veer Pieter , Geelen Anouk 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe Dutch Healthy Diet index (DHD-index) was developed using data from two 24 h recalls (24hR) and appeared useful to evaluate diet quality in Dutch adults. As many epidemiologic studies use FFQ, we now estimated the DHD-index score using FFQ data. We compared whether this score showed similar associations with participants' characteristics, micronutrient intakes, and biomarkers of intake and metabolism compared with the DHD-index using 24hR data. Data of 121 Dutch participants of the European Food Consumption Validation study were used. Dietary intake was assessed by two 24hR and a 180-item FFQ. Biomarkers measured were serum total cholesterol and carotenoids, EPA + DHA in plasma phospholipids and 24 h urinary Na. A correlation of 0·48 (95 % CI 0·33, 0·61) was observed between the DHD-index score based on 24hR data and on FFQ data. Classification of participants into the same tertiles of the DHD-index was achieved for 57 %. Women showed higher DHD-index scores. Energy intake was inversely associated with both DHD-index scores. Furthermore, age and intakes of folate, Fe, Mg, K, vitamin B6and vitamin C were positively associated with both DHD-index scores. DHD-index scores showed acceptable correlations with the four combined biomarkers taking energy intake into account (r24hR0.55;rFFQ0.51). In conclusion, the DHD-index score based on FFQ data shows similar associations with participants' characteristics, energy intake, micronutrient intake and biomarkers compared with the score based on 24hR data. Furthermore, ranking of participants was acceptable for both methods. FFQ data may therefore be used to assess diet quality using the DHD-index in Dutch populations.
Dietary patterns of Pakistani adults and their associations with sociodemographic, anthropometric and life-style factors
Authors: Safdar Nilofer F. , Bertone-Johnson Elizabeth , Cordeiro Lorraine , Jafar Tazeen H. , Cohen Nancy L. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractDietary pattern analysis is an epidemiological method designed to consider the complexity of food preferences and diet patterns of populations. Few studies from South Asia have used this methodology to describe population food intake. Our objective was to identify dietary patterns and understand their associations with sociodemographic, anthropometric and life-style factors among low-income Pakistani urban adults. Dietary information was collected by a thirty-three-item FFQ and dietary patterns were derived by principal component analyses in 5491 subjects enrolled in the Control of Blood Pressure and Risk Attenuation (COBRA) study. Three dietary patterns were identified: a fat and sweet pattern characterised by fried snacks/foods, desserts, organ meats, bakery products, Pakistani bread and food purchased from outside the home; a fruit and vegetable pattern including fruits, juices, raw and cooked vegetables, lean meat and low-fat milk; and a seafood and yogurt pattern identified by prawns, fish, potatoes and yogurt. The fat and sweet pattern scores were low among older subjects, those with high BMI and waist circumference but high among females and physically active participants. The fruit and vegetable pattern was associated with younger age, high BMI, education and non-tobacco use. The seafood and yogurt pattern was associated with high BMI, increased physical activity and non-tobacco use. In conclusion, distinct dietary patterns exist for the Pakistani population that may be related to some of the population characteristics and thus may have importance in suggesting dietary and life-style interventions in the prevention of chronic diseases.
Les facteurs favorisant ou contraignant l’engagement bénévole dans les organismes communautaires en soutien à domicile auprès des aînés
Authors: Castonguay Julie , Vézina Aline , Sévigny Andrée 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThe reality of volunteering in nonprofit organizations who offer services to seniors at home was observed from the viewpoint of two types of actors: volunteers and coordinators. Our results suggest that there are three decisive stages in volunteering: recruitment, realization of volunteer activity, and pursuit of this commitment. For each of them, some factors are more influential than others. Their presence or absence makes possible or not the initiation of this commitment and its pursuit. In this context, a constant negotiation takes place between the actors. Each of them has to adapt himself to others. Nevertheless, this adaptation is limited. So, stability between the position of the organization and that of the volunteer is necessary.
Nursing Home Characteristics Associated with Resident Transfers to Emergency Departments
Authors: McGregor Margaret J. , Abu-Laban Riyad B. , Ronald Lisa A. , McGrail Kimberlyn M. , Andrusiek Douglas , Baumbusch Jennifer , Cox Michelle B. , Salomons Kia , Schulzer Michael , Kuramoto Lisa 
Published: January 2014

RÉSUMÉCette étude a examiné comment la propriété des maisons de soins infirmiers porte sur les taux de transfert des services urgences (SU), comment les caractéristiques organisationnelles des installations sont réparties entre les groupes de propriété, et comment ces caractéristiques sont associées aux taux de transfert SU. L’échantillon comprenait une cohorte rétrospective de résidents des maisons de soins infirmiers dans la région de Vancouver Coastal Health (n = 13,140). Les taux de transferts SU ont été comparés entre les différents types de propriété des foyers de soins. Pour une analyse exploratoire, des données administratives ont ensuite été liées aux données provenant d’enquêtes auprès des caractéristiques organisationnelles des installations. Taux de transfert brut (SU transferts/100 ans résidents) étaient de 69, 70 et 51, respectivement, dans les installations à but lucratif, celles à but non-lucratif et les installations publiques. Avec des contrôles pour le sexe et l’age, la propriété publique a été associée aux taux de transfert SU inférieurs à ceux des installations à but lucratif et sans but lucratif. Les résultats ont aussi démontré un montant total plus élevé associé aux heures de soins directs infirmières par journée/résident, et la présence de personnel de Allied Health – qui sont présents de manière disproportionnée dans les installations de propriété publique – ont été associés aux taux de transfert inférieurs.
The disease burden of hepatitis B, influenza, measles and salmonellosis in Germany: first results of the Burden of Communicable Diseases in Europe Study
Authors: PLASS D. , MANGEN M.-J. J. , KRAEMER A. , PINHEIRO P. , GILSDORF A. , KRAUSE G. , GIBBONS C. L. , VAN LIER A. , McDONALD S. A. , BROOKE R. J. , KRAMARZ P. , CASSINI A. , KRETZSCHMAR M. E. E. 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYSetting priorities in the field of infectious diseases requires evidence-based and robust baseline estimates of disease burden. Therefore, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control initiated the Burden of Communicable Diseases in Europe (BCoDE) project. The project uses an incidence- and pathogen-based approach to measure the impact of both acute illness and sequelae of infectious diseases expressed in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). This study presents first estimates of disease burden for four pathogens in Germany. The number of reported incident cases adjusted for underestimation served as model input. For the study period 2005–2007, the average disease burden was estimated at 33 116 DALYs/year for influenza virus, 19 115 DALYs/year for Salmonella spp., 8708 DALYs/year for hepatitis B virus and 740 DALYs/year for measles virus. This methodology highlights the importance of sequelae, particularly for hepatitis B and salmonellosis, because if omitted, the burden would have been underestimated by 98% and 56%, respectively.