bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract PL05-02: Current therapies for diabetes - will they reduce cancer risk?
Authors: Gallagher Emily Jane 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes has been associated with an increase in the incidence and mortality from many cancers. Understanding the mechanisms underlying Type 2 diabetes, has contributed to the discovery of the potential anti-cancer effects of diabetes treatments. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia precede the development of hyperglycemia and Type 2 diabetes, and may be key factors contributing to the increased cancer risk. Other factors including hyperglycemia, steroid hormonal bioavailability (estrogen and testosterone), insulin-like growth factors, adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) and cytokines may also contribute to cancer progression in the setting of Type 2 diabetes. The main classes of pharmacological treatments for Type 2 diabetes include insulin-sensitizing therapies, insulin secretagogues, exogenous insulin and incretin based therapies. While some previous epidemiological studies suggested that exogenous insulin therapy may increase breast cancer mortality, recent human studies have not supported these findings. Our studies have shown that high doses of the insulin analogs currently in clinical use do not increase murine breast cancer growth or metastases in a mouse model of pre-diabetes. However, insulin-sensitizing therapies, including metformin and thiazolidinediones may have anti-cancer effects. One potential mechanism by which these agents may reduce tumor progression, is by improving the metabolic abnormalities associated with Type 2 diabetes; improving insulin sensitivity, decreasing endogenous insulin levels. Reducing insulin levels has been shown to reduce cancer growth in previous animal studies. In addition, or alternatively, these agents may act directly on the tumor cells. Metformin is taken up into cells by organic cation transporters, and is an activator of AMPK, which may reduce cell proliferation and tumor metastases. Thiazolidinediones are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) agonists that also improve insulin resistance, and are effective in reducing the progression from pre-diabetes to Type 2 diabetes. While these agents demonstrated potential as anti-cancer agents in animal and in vitro studies, however, some epidemiological studies reported that these agents may increase bladder cancer risk, subsequent studies have not corroborated these findings. Therefore, Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increase in cancer incidence and mortality, understanding the mechanisms underlying this association has led to the potential use of anti-diabetic agents in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
Citation Format: Emily Jane Gallagher. Current therapies for diabetes - will they reduce cancer risk? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research; 2014 Sep 27-Oct 1; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2015;8(10 Suppl): Abstract nr PL05-02.
Abstract PL06-03: Role of the circadian clock in skin cancer prevention and sunburn erythema
Authors: Gaddameedhi Shobhan , Sancar Aziz 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Epidemiological studies of humans and experimental studies with mouse models suggest that sunburn apoptosis and erythema as a result of exposure to excessive UV light and damage to DNA confers an increased risk for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The early inflammatory response to UV exposure, sunburn, follows molecular and cellular responses including DNA repair and apoptosis. Previous reports have shown that nucleotide excision repair, the sole pathway for removing UV-induced DNA damage, as well as DNA replication, are regulated by the circadian clock in mouse skin. Furthermore, more skin carcinogenesis was observed in mice exposed to UV in the early morning, when repair activity was low, and replication activity was high, as compared to mice exposed in the late afternoon. Because sunburn and skin cancer are causally related, we investigated UV-induced sunburn apoptosis and erythema in mouse skin as a function of circadian time. Interestingly, sunburn apoptosis, inflammatory cytokine induction, and erythema were maximal following an acute early morning exposure to UV, and minimal following an afternoon exposure. We find that the circadian rhythmicity of erythemal response was correlated with greater UV-induced stabilization and activity of p53 protein in the early morning as compared to the late afternoon. These data provide the first evidence that the circadian clock plays an important role in the erythemal response. Furthermore, modulating either the circadian clock or the time of the day when exposure occurs may be effective in mitigating the risk for sunburn, skin cancer development and photo aging.
Citation Format: Shobhan Gaddameedhi, Aziz Sancar. Role of the circadian clock in skin cancer prevention and sunburn erythema. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research; 2014 Sep 27-Oct 1; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2015;8(10 Suppl): Abstract nr PL06-03.
Partição gástrica para o tratamento paliativo de pacientes com tumores gástricos distais obstrutivos e irresecáveis
Authors: Coimbra Brian Guilherme Monteiro Marta , Ramos Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille , Yagi Osmar Kenji , Jacob Carlos Eduardo , Cecconello Ivan , Zilbertein Bruno 
Published: October 2015

<p>O câncer gástrico é uma afecção que ainda se mostra muito prevalente. Como agravante, a maioria dos pacientes apresenta-se em estágios avançados da doença, frequentemente com tumores distais obstrutivos e irressecáveis, demandando tratamento paliativo, cujo objetivo é dar ao doente maior qualidade de vida. Dentre as opções terapêuticas, tradicionalmente se opta pela gastroenteroanastomose. Entretanto, devido às altas taxas de complicações desse procedimento, passou-se a empregar a técnica da partição gástrica. Frente aos resultados em estudos comparativos entre essas duas técnicas, nosso serviço passou a realizar a partição gástrica em casos de pacientes portadores de câncer gástrico avançado distal obstrutivo e irressecável, e analisamos retrospectivamente os resultados do emprego dessa técnica em 29 pacientes, em termos de sobrevida e qualidade de vida. Toda a população se apresentava com ECOG performance status de 0, 1 ou 2 e 53,9% dos doentes apresentavam, sob a classificação de obstrução gástrica de GOOSS, graus 0 ou 1. A duração operatória média foi de 169 minutos. No pós-operatório, sob a classificação de complicações de Clavien-Dindo, houve 4 pacientes em grau II e 2 em grau V (dois óbitos, correspondendo a uma mortalidade operatória de 6,9%). O tempo médio para se atingir GOOSS 2 foi de 5 dias e, ao longo do seguimento, 96,15% da população atingiu GOOSS 2 ou 3. A sobrevida média foi de 213 dias. Considerando os resultados satisfatórios obtidos, a técnica de partição gástrica é efetiva e segura, proporcionando sobrevida, manutenção de dieta via oral e qualidade de vida para os pacientes. </p>
On the Quantification of Atmospheric Rivers Precipitation from Space: Composite Assessments and Case Studies over the Eastern North Pacific Ocean and the Western United States
Authors: Behrangi Ali , Guan Bin , Neiman Paul J. , Schreier Mathias , Lambrigtsen Bjorn 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are often associated with extreme precipitation, which can lead to flooding or alleviate droughts. A decade (2003–12) of landfalling ARs impacting the North American west coast (between 32.5° and 52.5°N) is collected to assess the skill of five commonly used satellite-based precipitation products [T3B42, T3B42 real-time (T3B42RT), CPC morphing technique (CMORPH), PERSIANN, and PERSIANN–Cloud Classification System (CCS)] in capturing ARs’ precipitation rate and pattern. AR detection was carried out using a database containing twice-daily satellite-based integrated water vapor composite observations. It was found that satellite products are more consistent over ocean than land and often significantly underestimate precipitation rate over land compared to ground observations. Incorrect detection of precipitation from IR-based methods is prevalent over snow and ice surfaces where microwave estimates often show underestimation or missing data. Bias adjustment using ground observation is found very effective to improve satellite products, but it also raises concern regarding near-real-time applicability of satellite products for ARs. The analysis using individual case studies (6–8 January and 13–14 October 2009) and an ensemble of AR events suggests that further advancement in capturing orographic precipitation and precipitation over cold and frozen surfaces is needed to more reliably quantify AR precipitation from space.
The South China Sea Monsoon Experiment—Boundary Layer Height (SCSMEX-BLH): Experimental Design and Preliminary Results
Authors: Huang Huijun , Mao Weikang 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Knowing the relationship between local convective precipitation and boundary layer processes is critical for forecasting rainstorms. For the South China Sea area, such a forecast is particularly important during the monsoon season. During such a season, the authors examined the boundary layer features at three sites as part of the South China Sea Monsoon Experiment—Boundary Layer Height (SCSMEX-BLH) experiment. The sites are spread from inland to over sea along a 43.4-km line. Here the authors analyze SCSMEX-BLH data from an intensive observing period that includes a convectively suppressed (inactive) period, a period influenced by a tropical storm, and a convectively active monsoon period. Some preliminary findings include the following: 1) The absorption of shortwave radiation over the sea is the primary driver of the land–sea temperature difference. The difference produces a diurnal variation below 400 m, with a warmer surface layer over the coast at night. 2) In the inactive and storm periods, the sensible heat flux is larger than that in the active period, whereas in the active period, the heat flux (primarily latent heat flux) over sea is significant. Also in the active period, the depth of the mixed layer inland is smaller than that in other periods, but the depth on the coast is always higher than that in other periods. 3) In the active period at night, as a monsoon vapor surge advects horizontally over the warm sea surface, a large latent heat flux driven by strong winds aids the growth of marine cumulus, which eventually develop into inland cumulonimbus bringing inland rainfall.
“Snow Scenes”: Exploring the Role of Memory and Place in Commemorating Extreme Winters
Authors: Hall Alexander , Endfield Georgina 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Scholars are increasingly focusing on the cultural dimensions of climate, addressing how individuals construct their understanding of climate through local weather. Research often focuses on the importance of widespread conceptualizations of mundane everyday weather, although attention has also been paid to extreme weather events and their potential effect on popular understandings of local climate.
This paper introduces the “Snow Scenes” project, which aimed to engage rural communities in Cumbria, England, with their memories of extreme and severe past winter conditions in the region. Collating memories across a wide demographic, using a variety of methods, individual memories were analyzed alongside meteorological and historical records.
By exploring these memories and their associated artifacts, this paper aims to better understand the role of memory and place in commemorating extreme winters. First, it is demonstrated how national narratives of exceptional winters are used by individuals as benchmarks against which to gauge conditions. Second, this paper identifies how specific locations and landmarks help to place memories and are shown to be important anchors for individuals’ understanding of their climate. Third, the paper considers how memories of severe winters are often nostalgic in their outlook, with a strong association between snowy winters, childhood, and childhood places. Fourth, it is illustrated how such events are regularly connected to important personal or familial milestones. Finally, the paper reflects on how these local-level experiences of historical extreme events may be central to the shaping of popular understandings of climate and also, by extension, climate change.
Yarn Purchase at AmTex
Authors: Ahmad M. Ghufran 
Published: October 2015

Yarn purchase at AmTex is a two-party, single issue, distributive negotiation case exercise. A buyer and seller of blue heather cotton yarn are required to negotiate the purchase of a lot of 1,000 bags of yarn. Only the price needs to be negotiated. Both parties are under a deadline and need to quickly make the deal. Alternatives are available to each party. The buyer and the seller represent their respective organizations and both are responsible for making the most profitable deal for their organizations. This case exercise illustrates how to use bargaining techniques in a distributive negotiation setting in which negotiators are primarily concerned about claiming the maximum possible value through the deal. This exercise is well-suited to introduce the fundamental frameworks and techniques of negotiation, and may be used as the first case exercise in a course on negotiation skills.
Outcomes of Bone Grafting of Bone Cysts After Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Gross Christopher E. , Huh Jeannie , Green Cynthia , Shah Samit , DeOrio James K. , Easley Mark , Nunley James A. 
Published: October 2015

Background: The operative treatment of bone cysts after total ankle replacements (TAR) is not well described. Bone cysts may cause component migration, implant failure, and pain. Surgery is performed on cysts with the goals of reducing pain and preventing component failure. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a consecutive series of 726 primary TARs performed between January 1998 and May 2013 and identified those who had a subsequent bone cyst grafting procedure. We identified cyst location and method of treatment. Clinical outcomes including secondary procedures, infection rate, complications, and failure rate were recorded. Thirty-one patients were treated with a total of 33 operative procedures for bone cysts after TAR. Of these patients, 22 (71.0%) were males with an average age of 62.2 and median follow-up 65.9 months. Results: Intraoperatively, 22 tibial cysts (71.0%), 20 talar cysts (64.5%), 5 fibular cysts (16.1%), and 13 multiple cysts (41.9%) were treated. Allograft was used in 25 procedures (75.8%), calcium phosphate in 4 (12.1%), cement in 3 (9.1%), and autograft in 1 (3.0%). These procedures were supplemented by calcaneus autograft, allograft mixed with mesenchymal stem cells, platelet-rich plasma, recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2, and demineralized bone matrix. There were no infections or wound complications. Of the 27 subjects with a successful second surgery, the success rate for bone grafting of cysts was 90.9% (95% CI: 50.8, 98.7%) at 24 months and 60.6% (95% CI: 25.1%, 83.4%) at 48 months. One patient needed a repeat bone grafting. The 4 failures observed postprocedure resulted in 3 tibial and talar component revisions, and 1 tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) fusion. Conclusions: Grafting bone cysts without revision of TAR was in general an effective and safe means for treating patients with peri-prosthetic bone cysts. Treatment with grafting and supplemental materials may improve implant survivorship and might improve the structural support surrounding the implant. Further exploration of the etiology of bone cysts may aid in the prevention and treatment of cystic formation in the TAR. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Plant species introduced by foreigners according to folk tradition in Norway and some other European countries: xenophobic tales or not?
Authors: Alm Torbjørn 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background
In their quest to understand and interpret nature, people have frequently sought religious or divine origins for plant species and their characteristics. Less often, historical events or persons are involved. This study comprises eleven cases of the latter kind, all claiming that plant species have been introduced by foreigners or at least from foreign lands.

Methods
Based on literature data and a few cases recorded during my own ethnobotanical field work, eleven European examples of pseudo-historical plant origins are presented here, including Cakile maritima, Cicuta virosa, Lathyrus japonicus, Leymus arenarius, Primula vulgaris, and Scopolia carniolica in Norway, Heracleum mantegazzianum and/or H. persicum in Denmark, Phoenix dactylifera and P. theophrastii in Greece, and Jacobaea vulgaris in Scotland.

Results
The only common trait in these stories is that foreigner or at least foreign lands are claimed as sources of the plant species. In most cases, the “historical” explanations given in folk tradition are demonstrably at odds with reality. In those cases that involve poisonous or potentially harmful species (Cicuta virosa, Heracleum mantegazzianum and/or H. persicum, Jacobaea vulgaris), or the “useless” Phoenix theophrastii, with its inedible fruits, the stories may be interpreted as xenophobic, blaming foreigners for introducing dangerous or worthless species. The remaining examples merely suggest a search for exotic and seemingly rational, if erroneous, origins for plant species and stands that people considered strange and unusual.

Conclusion
The spreading vectors assumed in folk tradition are correct and well documented, e.g. ship cargos (including goods and packing materials), which are responsible for introducing ballast plants and other anthropochores, and wartime activities, introducing a broad range of species (polemochores). They do not, however, apply to the species included in this study, which are either indigenous plants or introduced ornamentals. The foreigners appearing in the folk tales serve mostly as suitably exotic explanations for what is perceived “alien” plants.
Diabetes care among elderly medicare beneficiaries with Parkinson’s disease and diabetes
Authors: Bhattacharjee Sandipan , Sambamoorthi Usha 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background
Elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suffer from several comorbidities, which affect their health outcomes, as well as process of care. This study assessed process and intermediate clinical outcomes of diabetes care among elderly individuals with T2DM and co-occurring Parkinson’s disease(PD).

Methods
This study used a retrospective cohort design with propensity score matching using Humana Medicare Advantage Part D claims database (2007-2011) and included elderly (age ≥ 65 years) Medicare beneficiaries with T2DM (identified by ICD-9-CM code of 250.x0 or 250.x2). PD was identified using ICD-9-CM code of 332.xx. After propensity score matching there were 2,703 individuals with T2DM and PD and 8,109 with T2DM and no PD. The three processes of care measures used in this study included: (i) HbA1c test; (ii) Lipid test; (iii) and Nephropathy screening. Intermediate clinical outcomes consisted of glycemic and lipid control.

Results
Multivariable conditional logistic regressions revealed that elderly individuals with T2DM and PD were 12 % (AOR: 0.88, 95 %CI: 0.79-0.97) and 18 % (AOR: 0.82, 95 %CI: 0.72-0.94) less likely to meet the annual American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommended HbA1c and lipid testing goals respectively compared to individuals with T2DM and no PD. Multinomial conditional logistic regressions showed that elderly individuals with T2DM and PD were more likely to have HbA1c and lipid (HbA1c < 8 %; LDL-C <100 mg/dl; HDL-C ≥ 50 mg/dl; triglyceride <150 mg/dl; and total cholesterol <200 mg/dl) control.

Conclusions
Among elderly individuals with T2DM, those with PD were less likely to achieve ADA recommended annual HbA1c and lipid testing compared to those without PD. However, PD individuals were more likely to achieve intermediate glycemic and lipid control.
Complete genome sequence of Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius C56-YS93, a novel biomass degrader isolated from obsidian hot spring in Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Brumm Phillip J. , Land Miriam L. , Mead David A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractGeobacillus thermoglucosidasius C56-YS93 was one of several thermophilic organisms isolated from Obsidian Hot Spring, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA under permit from the National Park Service. Comparison of 16 S rRNA sequences confirmed the classification of the strain as a G. thermoglucosidasius species. The genome was sequenced, assembled, and annotated by the DOE Joint Genome Institute and deposited at the NCBI in December 2011 (CP002835). The genome of G. thermoglucosidasius C56-YS93 consists of one circular chromosome of 3,893,306 bp and two circular plasmids of 80,849 and 19,638 bp and an average G + C content of 43.93 %. G. thermoglucosidasius C56-YS93 possesses a xylan degradation cluster not found in the other G. thermoglucosidasius sequenced strains. This cluster appears to be related to the xylan degradation cluster found in G. stearothermophilus. G. thermoglucosidasius C56-YS93 possesses two plasmids not found in the other two strains. One plasmid contains a novel gene cluster coding for proteins involved in proline degradation and metabolism, the other contains a collection of mostly hypothetical proteins.
Unilateral uveitis, cataract and retinal detachment following low-voltage electrical injury
Authors: Duman Rahmi , Çevik Sadık Görkem , Tüfekçi Ayşe 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
A 39-year-old woman presented with a gradual worsening of vision in the right eye 1 month after a low-voltage household electrical injury. A slit-lamp examination showed non-granulomatous anterior uveitis with nuclear cataract and an ultrasound examination also showed total retinal detachment. In this letter, we present a rare complication of electrical injury demonstrated as unilateral uveitis, cataract and retinal detachment in a 39-year-old woman.