bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyse der räumlichen Verlustleistungsdichteverteilung bei der bipolaren Elektrochirurgie
Authors: Knopf Christoph , Himmel Jörg , Rübesam Markus , Klöckner Stephan , Kanoun Olfa 
Published: November 2013

Zusammenfassung
Die transurethrale Resektion der Prostata (TUR-P) ist der Gold
Standard für die endoskopisch-chirurgische Behandlung der Benignen
Prostatahyperplasie (BPH). Unbekannt ist jedoch, ob bei der
bipolaren TUR-P die Möglichkeit von elektrothermischen Verletzung
von benachbartem nichtopertiertem Gewebe besteht. Grund hierfür
könnten höhere Ausgangsleistungen der Chirurgie-Generatoren
sein. Deshalb werden experimentell gemessene Werte der räumlichen
Verlustleistungsdichte um ein bipolares Resektoskop als Quellterm
für die Berechnung der Temperaturänderung im operationsnahen
Gewebe verwendet. Die Temperaturberechnung basiert auf der
numerischen Lösung der Wärmeleitungsgleichung nach Penne. Für die
gewählten Randbedingungen und Eingabeparameter sind keine
signifikanten Temperaturerhöhungen im Berechnungsgebiet am
proximalen Ende des Resektoskop-Schaftes festzustellen. Um ein
umfassendes Verständnis zu gewinnen sollen weiterführende
Untersuchungen mit einer Variation der Randbedingungen und
Eingabeparameter durchgeführt werden.
Portable Bioimpedance Spectrometer for Total Frequency Range of β-Dispersion
Authors: Bouchaala Dhouha , Kanoun Olfa , Derbel Nabil 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Portable bioimpedance measurement devices afford important
solutions for providing measurement information non-invasively
about patients' health in both clinical and home environments. In
this work a portable bioimpedance spectrometer was developed for
measurements in the frequency range between 1 kHz and 1 MHz in
order to record the β-dispersion in the entire
most interesting frequency range for the characterization of the
pathological status of patients. The wide impedance range between
10 Ω to 10 kΩ was chosen for measurements comprising even the low
impedances important in special medical applications such as
monitoring of lung edema.
First Measurement of Signal Changes Induced by Ionizing Radiation in
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Rausch Markus , Schyboll Felix , Neeb Heiko 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
There is an increasing tendency towards the use of combined
MR/PET scanners and combined MR-Linac (Linear accelerator) systems
in both clinical and research settings. The current work therefore
investigated the effects of ionising radiation on the acquired MR
signal, both experimentally and using a simple theoretical
model. We have observed a phase signal change in the radiated area
inside a water phantom. However, the theoretical basis of this
observation is not fully covered by the employed model and needs
further research.
Malocclusion and treatment need in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease
Authors: Alves e Luna Ana Cláudia , Godoy Fabiana , de Menezes Valdenice Aparecida 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTObjective:To assess the prevalence of malocclusion and treatment need in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD).Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, the sample size comprised 35 five-year-old children and 36 adolescents of both sexes, aged between 12 to 18 years, with SCD. Dental occlusion was assessed using two indexes: the Malocclusion Index (World Health Organization) and the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI).Results:The prevalence of malocclusion in the preschool children was 62.9%. The main malocclusions observed in this age group were Class II (37.1%), increased overjet (28.6%), reduced overbite (28.6%), and open bite (17.1%). In the 12- to 18-year-old subjects, the prevalence of malocclusion was 100%, and the most prevalent types of malocclusion were maxillary overjet (63.9%) and maxillary misalignment (58.3%). It is noteworthy that the majority of adolescents (80.6%) had very severe or disabling malocclusions.Conclusion:The results revealed a high prevalence of malocclusion in children and adolescents with SCD. According to DAI score, the majority of the sample presented with very severe malocclusion and a compulsory treatment need.
Power of treatment success definitions when the Canine Brief Pain Inventory is used to evaluate carprofen treatment for the control of pain and inflammation in dogs with osteoarthritis
Authors: Brown Dorothy Cimino , Bell Margie , Rhodes Linda 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine the optimal method for use of the Canine Brief Pain Inventory (CBPI) to quantitate responses of dogs with osteoarthritis to treatment with carprofen or placebo.
Animals—150 dogs with osteoarthritis.
Procedures—Data were analyzed from 2 studies with identical protocols in which owner-completed CBPIs were used. Treatment for each dog was classified as a success or failure by comparing the pain severity score (PSS) and pain interference score (PIS) on day 0 (baseline) with those on day 14. Treatment success or failure was defined on the basis of various combinations of reduction in the 2 scores when inclusion criteria were set as a PSS and PIS ≥ 1, 2, or 3 at baseline. Statistical analyses were performed to select the definition of treatment success that had the greatest statistical power to detect differences between carprofen and placebo treatments.
Results—Defining treatment success as a reduction of ≥ 1 in PSS and ≥ 2 in PIS in each dog had consistently robust power. Power was 62.8% in the population that included only dogs with baseline scores ≥ 2 and 64.7% in the population that included only dogs with baseline scores ≥ 3.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The CBPI had robust statistical power to evaluate the treatment effect of carprofen in dogs with osteoarthritis when protocol success criteria were predefined as a reduction ≥ 1 in PIS and ≥ 2 in PSS. Results indicated the CBPI can be used as an outcome measure in clinical trials to evaluate new pain treatments when it is desirable to evaluate success in individual dogs rather than overall mean or median scores in a test population.
Digital image analysis of rhodanine-stained liver biopsy specimens for calculation of hepatic copper concentrations in dogs
Authors: Center Sharon A. , McDonough Sean P. , Bogdanovic Lewis 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the accuracy of digitally scanned rhodanine-stained liver biopsy specimens for determination of hepatic copper concentration and compare results with qualitatively assigned histologic copper scores in dogs.
Sample—353 liver biopsy specimens from dogs.
Procedures—Specimens (n = 139) with quantified copper concentration ranging from 93 to 6,900 μg/g were allocated to group 1 (< 400 μg/g [37]), group 2 (401 to 1,000 μg/g [27]), group 3 (1,001 to 2,000 μg/g [34]), and group 4 (> 2,001 μg/g [41]); stained with rhodanine; and digitally scanned and analyzed with a proprietary positive pixel algorithm. Measured versus calculated copper concentrations were compared, and limits of agreement determined. Influence of nodular remodeling, fibrosis, or parenchymal loss on copper concentration was determined by digitally analyzing selected regions in 17 specimens. After method validation, 214 additional liver specimens underwent digital scanning for copper concentration determination. All sections (n = 353) were then independently scored by 2 naive evaluators with a qualitative scoring schema. Agreement between assigned scores and between assigned scores and tissue copper concentrations was determined.
Results—Linear regression was used to develop a formula for calculating hepatic copper concentration ≥ 400 μg/g from scanned sections. Copper concentrations in unremodeled specimens were significantly higher than in remodeled specimens. Qualitative scores widely overlapped among quantitative copper concentration groups.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Calculated copper concentrations determined by means of digital scanning of rhodanine-stained liver sections were highly correlated with measured values and more accurate than qualitative copper scores, which should improve diagnostic usefulness of hepatic copper concentrations and assessments in sequential biopsy specimens.
Effect of configuration on the biomechanical performance of three suture materials used in combination with a metallic bone anchor
Authors: Wasik Sonya M. , Cross Rod C. , Voss Katja 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether different suture configurations could improve the biomechanical performance of 3 suture materials used with bone anchors.
Samples—3 suture materials (60-lb test nylon leader line, size 2 polyblend polyethylene composite suture, and 150-lb test ultrahigh–molecular weight spun polyethylene).
Procedures—Each suture material was looped through the eyelet of a metallic bone anchor and constructs were evaluated by use of an acute uniaxial load. Three configurations were tested for each suture material: single stranded (SS), double stranded (DS), and single stranded plus plastic insert (SSP). Force at failure, extension at failure, force at 3 mm of extension, stiffness, and site of failure of the suture were recorded for each test.
Results—For all sutures, the DS configuration was the stiffest and yielded significantly higher forces at failure and forces at 3 mm of extension. The SS configuration had the lowest forces at failure. The SSP configuration yielded greater forces at failure for all suture materials, compared with the SS configuration, with a comparable stiffness. All sutures failed at the eyelet in the SS and DS configurations. In the SSP configuration, 60-lb test nylon leader line and 150-lb test ultrahigh-molecular weight spun polyethylene failed at the eyelet less frequently than did the polyblend composite suture.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Among the tested constructs, a DS suture configuration used in combination with the metallic bone anchor gave the best biomechanical results for all suture materials. Considering that the SSP configuration yielded greater forces at failure, compared with the SS configuration, covering metallic edges in bone anchors with softer materials might protect sutures and result in increased forces at failure.
Evaluation and modification of the overall hemostasis potential assay for use with canine plasma
Authors: Dengate Anna L. , Morel-Kopp Marie-Christine , Beatty Julia A. , Barrs Vanessa , Braddock Jody A. , Churcher Richard K. , Wilson Bethany J. , Ward Christopher M. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Objective—To optimize the overall hemostasis potential (OHP) assay for use with canine platelet-poor plasma and determine reference intervals in healthy dogs.
Animals—40 healthy dogs.
Procedures—Blood was collected from the dogs into citrated tubes, and platlet-poor plasma was obtained. The OHP assay and standard coagulation assays (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen concentration) were performed for each sample. The OHP assay outputs were tested for correlations with results of the standard coagulation assays, age, and sex.
Results—Modifications to the published methodology for the OHP assay were required for use with canine plasma, with less coagulation activator (thrombin) and more fibrinolysis activator (tissue plasminogen activator) than used with human plasma. Male dogs had a higher OHP than did females. High fibrinogen concentrations were associated with increases in maximum optical density, OHP, and overall coagulation potential, and reduced prothrombin time was associated with increases in maximum optical density, overall coagulation potential, OHP, and maximum slope.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results supported the use of the OHP assay as an accessible, cost-effective global coagulation assay. Further research is required to determine its clinical application as an alternative to thromboelastography or thrombin generation assays.
Inoculation of dogs with a recombinant ACTH vaccine
Authors: Kemppainen Robert J. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether inoculation of healthy dogs with a recombinant peptide containing 3 copies of ACTH would result in the production of antibodies against ACTH and whether this would affect pituitary-adrenocortical function.
Animals—8 healthy dogs.
Procedures—A recombinant peptide consisting of 3 copies of ACTH fused to a T-helper cell epitope was produced in Escherichia coli. The protein was inoculated into 4 dogs at 4-week intervals (total of 3 inoculations/dog). Four control dogs received inoculations of PBS solution mixed with adjuvant. Blood samples were collected for determination of antibody titers against ACTH and for measurement of basal and ACTH-stimulated plasma cortisol concentrations.
Results—Inoculation with the ACTH vaccine resulted in production of anti-ACTH antibodies in all 4 dogs. Titers were initially high but declined by 15 weeks after the initial inoculation. Basal cortisol concentrations were unaffected by inoculation with the ACTH vaccine. Plasma cortisol concentrations in response to ACTH stimulation were reduced at 12 weeks, but not at 15 weeks, after the first inoculation.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Inoculation of dogs with a recombinant ACTH vaccine resulted in the production of antibodies against the hormone. Anti-ACTH titers were initially high but were not sustained. The only detectable endocrine effect in treated dogs was a reduction in cortisol concentration in response to ACTH stimulation in 2 of 4 dogs at 12 weeks after the first inoculation. The effect of vaccine administration on the pituitary-adrenal system was subtle and transient.
Evaluation of endocrine and immune responses of steers challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus
Authors: Falkenberg Shollie M. , Carroll Jeffery A. , Elsasser Ted , Best Tim , Sartin James , Buntyn Joe O. , Schmidt Ty B. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the endocrine and immune responses of steers challenged with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV).
Animals—12 crossbred beef steers.
Procedures—Steers were randomly assigned to IBRV– (control) or IBRV+ treatment groups. Experimentally challenged steers (IBRV+) received a dose of IBRV intranasally (8.0 50% tissue culture infective doses), IBRV– steers received a saline (0.9% NaCl) solution placebo intranasally, and each group was placed in an isolated paddock. At 72 hours after challenge, all steers were fitted with indwelling jugular catheters and placed into individual stanchions. Blood samples were collected on days 4 through 8. Serum was analyzed for concentrations of cortisol, interleukin-6, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor I.
Results—From 72 to 144 hours after challenge inoculation, the IBRV+ group had significantly greater mean rectal temperature, compared with the IBRV– group; the greatest temperatures in both groups were observed at 72 hours. Serum cortisol concentrations were increased in both groups from hours 72 to 136 and serum interferon-γ concentrations were greater in the IBRV+ from 94 to 112 hours after inoculation. Growth hormone concentration was greater in the IBRV+ group at various time points, but no difference in insulin-like growth factor- I concentration was observed.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that IBVR challenge altered growth hormone concentration at some time points but was not associated with large increases in circulating proinflammatory cytokines.
The role of plants in the economy of Tell Arbid, north-east Syria, in the Post-Akkadian Period and Middle Bronze Age
Authors: Wasylikowa Krystyna , Koliński Rafał 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
Archaeological fieldwork carried out at the Tell Arbid site in north-eastern Syria exposed settlement remains dating from the early 3rd millennium BC to the mid 2nd millennium BC. Recent excavations in Sector P, on the eastern slope of the site, revealed the existence of a significant occupation of the Post-Akkadian/ Early Jazirah V period and of levels dated to the Early and Classic Khabur Ware/Old Jazirah/Middle Bronze Age I-II periods. Cereal remains were dominated by grains and ear fragments of hulled two-rowed barley Hordeum distichon. Less numerous were wheats represented by emmer Triticum dicoccon, einkorn T. monococcum, and macaroni wheat T. durum. The presence of bread wheat T. aestivum and six-rowed barley Hordeum vulgare could not be excluded. The two periods contained similar sets of cereals, but in the Post-Akkadian Period the percentage of hulled wheat remains was higher, while in the Middle Bronze Age (particularly in its younger phase) naked wheat slightly exceeded hulled wheats. Legumes were represented by only very few seeds of lentil Lens culinaris and bitter vetch Vicia ervilia. Diaspores of wild plants were very abundant, particularly those from the families of grasses and legumes. The considerable number of ear and culm fragments probably belonging to cereals as well as numerous seeds/fruits of wild plants suggests that the plant remains originated from fodder or animal dung or belonged to threshing waste. The presence of grass stems with nodes indicated that cereals were reaped low on the straw; occasional use of uprooting was suggested by the occurrence of basal culm fragments with traces of rootlets.
Influence of reaction conditions on the ozonation process
Authors: Sumegová Lenka , Derco Ján , Melicher Michal 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This paper is focused on the influence of granulated activated carbon (GAC) and zeolite as catalysts as well as influences of temperature and pH on the ozonation process. From obtained results it can be concluded that the addition of granulated activated carbon and zeolite to model wastewater has a positive effect on the efficiency and degradation rate of methylene blue oxidation with ozone. The highest oxidation efficiency was observed in the alkaline pH range for which radical reaction mechanism of ozone is characteristic. From the results obtained during the study of the effect of temperature on the ozonation process it follows that both the efficiency and the rate of oxidation of methylene blue grow with increasing temperature.
Spray drying of the mixtures of mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides
Authors: Wrzosek Katarzyna , Moravčík Juraj , Antošová Monika , Illeová Viera , Polakovič Milan 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Optimal conditions of spray drying of a fructooligosaccharide-rich mixture prepared by enzymatic conversion of sucrose were investigated. It was found that efficient drying of the mixture containing about 40 % of monosaccharides and sucrose required addition of a compound with a high glass transition temperature. The addition of maltodextrin helped to achieve satisfactory solids yield and moisture. Optimized process parameters were the feed flow rate and solids concentration, drying air flow rate and inlet temperature.
Torsional deformation effect on the N—H bond dissociation energy in diphenylamine
Authors: Poliak Peter , Vagánek Adam 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this work, the influence of the inter-ring dihedral angles and their deformation on the energetics of diphenylamine molecule and its radical is investigated by the B3LYP/6-311++G** approach. Our approximated bond dissociation enthalpy of diphenylamine is 370.0 kJ mol-1 and it is in good agreement with the recently published experimental data. The potential functions of both the molecule and the radical with respect to the mutual aromatic ring orientations are presented. The potential function for the molecule is of a double-barrier type, whereas the radical possesses a single-barrier function. The calculated total electronic energies are used to approximate the change of the bond dissociation enthalpy with the twisting of the dihedral angle. The dependence of the bond dissociation enthalpy on the dihedral angle is represented by a single-barrier type function. The dependence of the nitrogen atom spin density on the studied dihedral angle is also discussed.
Simulated moving bed chromatography separation of galacto-oligosaccharides
Authors: Wiśniewski Łukasz , Antošová Monika , Polakovič Milan 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
A mixture of galacto-oligosaccharides and non-prebiotic sugars was separated using a simulated moving bed unit equipped with eight packed-bed columns of a cation exchanger. In order to determine operating conditions using triangle theory, equilibrium adsorption isotherms of galactose, glucose, lactose, tri- and tetragalacto-oligosaccharide were measured. It was found that each column of the SMB unit had a maximum separation efficiency of more than 3000 theoretical plates. The achieved purity of galacto-oligosaccharides in the raffinate stream was 99.9 %, similarly 99.9 % of extract was formed by non-prebiotic sugars lactose, glucose and galactose. The productivities in the raffinate and extract, were 0.6 g/(L h) and 2.4 g/(L h), respectively.
Synthetic approaches to dexmedetomidine (review)
Authors: Bobošíková Mária , Mathia František , Végh Daniel , Marchalín Štefan , Halinkovičová Michaela 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The review is an attempt at critical evaluation of known synthetic procedures used for laboratory and industrial preparation of a synthetic antihypertensive - Dexmedetomidine as to their complexity, published yield and atom economy
Analysis of the physical-chemical and sensorial properties of Maria type cookies
Authors: Pereira Daniela , Correia Paula M. R. , Guiné Raquel P. F. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Given the importance of the cookies of type Maria worldwide, and considering the absence of any scientific study setting out their main features, it becomes important to identify the differentiating characteristics of several commercialized brands, in particular related to the chemical, physical and sensory characteristics. In this way, the aim of this work was to study and compare eight different brands of cookies of type Maria. The elemental chemical analysis (moisture, ash, protein, fat, fibre and carbohydrates contents), determination of physical parameters (volume, density, texture and colour) and sensory evaluation of studied cookies were performed. Multivariate statistical methods (Pearson correlation, principal component analysis and cluster analysis) were applied to estimating relationships in analysed data. The results for the elemental analysis showed that the samples were very similar in terms of some components, like for example ashes, while quite different in terms of other components, such as moisture and fat contents. With respect to texture and colour the samples showed, in general, some important differences. In terms of sensory evaluation, the sample C was the one that in most sensory tests gathered the preference of the panellists. The cluster analysis showed that the sample A was much different from the other samples. The results of principal component analysis showed that the main component explains 32.6 % of the total variance, and is strongly related to variables associated to colour.
Development of method of isolation and purification of PAHs from exposed semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) prior to GC-MS analysis
Authors: Klučárová Veronika , Benická Eva , Vrana Branislav 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Surface water pollution by organic contaminants was investigated using passive sampling by semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs), based on free transfer of analyte (diffusion) from water into receiving phase of sampler. The work was aimed at isolation method of contaminants from passive samplers extracts and instrumental analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Gel permeation chromatography after silica gel sample cleanup was used as a method for cleaning the extracts of passive samplers from interfering Triolein, the receiving phase in the samplers. The efficiency of isolation and cleaning was determined for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as a target group of contaminants. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determined in the obtained fraction by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.