bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective analysis of effect of low-dose aprotinin priming on allogeneic blood transfusion in repeated cardiac operations
Authors: Miyashita Tetsuya , Hayashi Yukio , Ohnishi Yoshihiko , Kuro Masakazu 
Published: January 2013

The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate efficacy of low-dose aprotinin priming therapy on the requirement of allogeneic transfusion and to identify risk factors for allogeneic transfusion in patients undergoing repeated cardiac operations. The present study includes a critical review of 124 consecutive charts of patients undergoing elective repeat cardiac surgery. We examined the effect of low-dose aprotinin priming therapy on blood loss, amounts of mediastinal drainage following intensive care unit (ICU) administration and the number of units of blood products given during the perioperative period. The rate of nonallogeneic transfusion was not affected by low-dose aprotinin priming therapy, although aprotinin reduced the amount of allogeneic transfusion and the amount of mediastinal drainage 12 h following ICU admission. In conclusion, low-dose aprotinin priming therapy is effective in reducing blood loss and the amount of allogeneic transfusion. However, it failed to improve the rate of cardiac reoperations without allogeneic blood transfusion.
Nitric oxide donors attenuate increase in pressure drop across membrane oxygenators
Authors: De Somer F , Foubert L , Schacht E , Van Nooten G 
Published: January 2013

We have evaluated the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the pressure drop across a membrane oxygenator in one in vitro model and two in vivo models (using four dogs and five pigs). In all the experiments sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was used as a NO source, whereas gaseous NO was only used in the in vitro model. The drugs were given when the pressure drop or resistance across the device increased to at least twice the baseline values. In the in vitro model, both SNP and gaseous NO decreased the pressure drop to 75% of its peak value after 10 min and to 67% after 20 min. In the dog model, resistance decreased from 390 to 153 mmHg/l/min after 5 min and to 85 mmHg/l/min after 20 min for a baseline value of 75 mmHg/l/min. The initial resistance across the membrane oxygenator in the pig model increased from 6.6 ± 1.3 to 74 ± 38 mmHg/l/min. An infusion of 10 μg/kg/min SNP reduced the resistance to 16 ± 5 mmHg/l/min.
Results of Arthroscopic Repair of Partial- or Full-Thickness Longitudinal Medial Meniscal Tears by Single or Double Vertical Sutures Using the Inside-Out Technique
Authors: Haklar Ugur , Donmez Ferdi , Basaran Serdar Hakan , Canbora Mehmet Kerem 
Published: January 2013

Background: Although numerous studies have assessed arthroscopic repair of meniscal tears, no study has described the repair of partial- or full-thickness longitudinal medial meniscal tears using single or double vertical sutures. Purpose: To present the intermediate-term results of medial meniscal tears repaired with single or double vertical sutures. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The authors evaluated the results of 112 longitudinal medial meniscal tears treated with inside-out single or double vertical sutures, with or without anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, based on the clinical resolution of symptoms, the Lysholm knee scoring scale, and the Tegner activity scale. Re-examination was also performed by magnetic resonance imaging after the repair. The length of the tears was evaluated arthroscopically. Eighty-five tears of 112 were >2 cm in length, and 27 were tears ≤2 cm. Eighty-nine (79.4%) of the 112 repairs were performed in conjunction with ACL reconstructions, and the remaining 23 (20.6%) repairs were performed in ACL-intact knees. The tear type of the menisci in our study was full thickness in 66 (58.9%) cases and partial thickness in 46 (41.1%) cases. Double vertical sutures were used for full-thickness tears, and single vertical sutures were used for partial-thickness tears. Results: The cases were evaluated after a mean follow-up duration of 49.3 months (range, 12-88 months). Clinical and radiological examination results determined that 99 (88.4%) meniscal repairs had healed, and the remaining 13 cases (10.6%) were considered to be failures. The healing rate of the full-thickness group was 80.3%, while in the partial-thickness group, the rate was 100%. The mean Lysholm score improved significantly from a preoperative value of 63.8 to a postoperative value of 89.5 ( P < .001). The mean Tegner activity score was 3.3 preoperatively and 6.7 postoperatively ( P < .001). Logistic regression analysis found that concurrent ACL reconstruction, tear length, and smoking as factors had a significant effect on meniscal healing. Conclusion: Single or double vertical sutures using the inside-out technique provide a high rate of healing in longitudinal medial meniscal tears.
Cross-cultural validation of a disease-specific patient-reported outcome measure for lupus in Philippines
Authors: Navarra SV , Tanangunan RMDV , Mikolaitis-Preuss RA , Kosinski M , Block JA , Jolly M 
Published: January 2013

Objective LupusPRO is a disease-targeted patient-reported outcome measure that was developed and validated among US patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We report the cross-cultural validation results of the LupusPRO English-language version among Filipino SLE patients. Method The 43-item LupusPRO was pretested in 15 SLE individuals, then administered to 106 SLE patients, along with short-form SF36 and the EQ5D visual analogue scale. A mail/drop-back LupusPRO and change in health status item survey were returned within two to three days. Demographics, clinical and serological characteristics, disease activity and damage measured by PGA, SELENA-SLEDAI, LFA Flare, and SLICC-ACR SLE damage index (SDI) were collected. Internal consistency reliability (ICR), test-retest reliability (TRT), convergent validity (corresponding SF36 domains) and criterion validity (against general health and disease activity measures) were tested. Reported p values are two tailed. Results A total of 121 Filipino SLE subjects (95% women, median age 31.0 ± 16 years) with at least a high school level of English instruction participated. Median (IQR) PGA, SLEDAI and SDI were 0.0 (1.0), 2.0 (10) and 0 (1), respectively. ICR exceeded 0.7 for all domains except the lupus symptoms domain. TRT was greater than 0.85 for all LupusPRO domains. Convergent and criterion validity were observed against corresponding SF36 domains and disease activity measures. The tool was well received by patients. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit. Conclusion English LupusPRO has fair psychometric properties among SLE patients in the Philippines, and is now available for inclusion in clinical trials and longitudinal studies to test responsiveness to change.
Visual Representations of the Water Cycle in Science Textbooks
Authors: Vinisha K. , Ramadas J. 
Published: January 2013

Visual representations, including photographs, sketches and schematic diagrams, are a valuable yet often neglected aspect of textbooks. Visual means of communication are particularly helpful in introducing abstract concepts in science. For effective communication, visuals and text need to be appropriately integrated within the textbook. This study is based on an analysis of the science textbooks of the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) and the Maharashtra State Board (MSB) for Classes 3–10. We first assess these textbooks for the use of visual representations generally. Then we focus on the water cycle, looking at how this topic is treated in the school science curriculum, at the types of visual representations used, and how effectively text and visuals are integrated to teach the water cycle over the course of the school years. We conclude with some observations on the visual treatment of the water cycle in two exemplar textbooks, and examine the implications for the use of visualisation to understand the concept of the water cycle.
Impact of the mining industry on the mental health of landholders and rural communities in southwest Queensland
Authors: Hossain Delwar , Gorman Don , Chapelle Betti , Mann Wayne , Saal Rod , Penton Geoff 
Published: January 2013

Objective: We aimed to ascertain the extent of mental health problems in rural communities of southwest Queensland. Methods: Twelve workshops were conducted within this region, asking community members about the issues which were affecting their mental health, the gaps in services and facilities, and suggestions as to how to strengthen their capacity to deal with mental health problems. Results: The participants highlighted the higher cost of living through increased rental and goods and services costs. Non-resident workforces, putting a strain on housing availability and succession planning, were among key concerns. The rapid increase in population has also put strains on health services within these communities, highlighting the need for mental health resources and a greater clarification and coordination of available health services. Conclusions: The rural communities in this region are under sustained stress resulting from the incursion of the mining and coal seam gas industries. This has an impact on community mental health and wellbeing.
Malariotherapy at Mont Park: the earliest surviving movie of psychiatric treatment in Australia
Authors: Kaplan Robert M 
Published: January 2013

Objective: A movie on malariotherapy for neurosyphilis made at Mont Park and filmed by Reg Ellery in 1926 is believed to be the oldest surviving movie of psychiatric treatment in Australia. The objective is to review the movie and discuss the background and context of the film, which shows the conditions of patients in a psychiatric hospital in the 1920s. Conclusion: Movie film is a guide to a psychiatric past that is rapidly being forgotten. The Ellery movie is an incentive to collect surviving footage before it is too late.
Small-sample behavior of novel phase I cancer trial designs
Authors: Oron Assaf P , Hoff Peter D 
Published: January 2013

Background Novel dose-finding designs for Phase I cancer clinical trials, using estimation to assign the best estimated Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) at each point in the experiment, most prominently via Bayesian techniques, have been widely discussed and promoted since 1990. Purpose To examine the small-sample behavior of these ‘Bayesian Phase I’ designs, and also of non-Bayesian designs sharing the same main ‘Long-Memory’ traits of using likelihood estimation and assigning the estimated MTD to the next patient. Methods Data from several recently published experiments are presented and discussed, and Long-Memory designs’ operating principles are explained. Simulation studies compare the small-sample behavior of Long-Memory designs with short-memory ‘Up-and-Down’ designs. Results In simulation, Long-Memory and Up-and-Down designs achieved similar success rates in finding the MTD. However, for all Long-Memory designs examined, the number n* of cohorts treated at the true MTD was highly variable between simulated experiments drawn from the same toxicity-threshold distribution. Further investigation using the same set of thresholds in permuted order indicates that this Long-Memory behavior is driven by sensitivity to the order in which participants enter the experiment. This sensitivity is related to Long-Memory designs’ ‘winner-takes-all’ dose-assignment rule, which grants the early cohorts a disproportionately large influence, and causes many experiments to settle early on a specific dose. Additionally for the Bayesian Long-Memory designs, the prior-predictive distribution over the dose levels has a substantial impact upon MTD-finding performance, long into the experiment. Limitations While the numerical evidence for Long-Memory designs’ order sensitivity is broad, and plausible explanations for it are provided, we do not present a theoretical proof of the phenomenon. Conclusions Method developers, analysts, and practitioners should be aware of Long-Memory designs’ order sensitivity and related phenomena. In particular, they should be informed that settling on a single dose does not guarantee that this dose is the MTD. Presently, Up-and-Down designs offer a simpler and more robust alternative for the sample sizes of 10–40 patients used in most Phase I trials. Future designs might benefit from combining the two approaches. We also suggest that the field’s paradigm change from dose-selection to dose-estimation.
Identification of a synthetic muramyl peptide derivative with enhanced Nod2 stimulatory capacity
Authors: Rubino Stephen J , Magalhaes Joao G , Philpott Dana , Bahr George M , Blanot Didier , Girardin Stephen E 
Published: January 2013

Muramyl peptides (MPs) represent the building blocks of bacterial peptidoglycan, a critical component of bacterial cell walls. MPs are well characterized for their immunomodulatory properties, and numerous studies have delineated the role of MPs or synthetic MP analogs in host defense, adjuvanticity and inflammation. More recently, Nod1 and Nod2 have been identified as the host sensors for specific MPs, and, in particular, Nod2 was shown to detect muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a MP found in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cell walls. Because mutations in Nod2 are associated with the etiology of Crohn’s disease, there is a need to identify synthetic MP analogs that could potentiate Nod2-dependent immunity. Here, we analyzed the Nod2-activating property of 36 MP analogs that had been tested previously for their adjuvanticity and anti-infectious activity. Using a luciferase-based screen, we demonstrate that addition of a methyl group to the second amino acid of MDP generates a MDP derivative with enhanced Nod2-activating capacity. We further validated these results in murine macrophages, human dendritic cells and in vivo. These results offer a basis for the rational development of synthetic MPs that could be used in the treatment of inflammatory disorders that have been associated with Nod2 dysfunction, such as Crohn’s disease.
P110α-mediated constitutive PI3K signaling limits the efficacy of p110δ-selective inhibition in mantle cell lymphoma, particularly with multiple relapse
Authors: Iyengar Sunil , Clear Andrew , Bödör Csaba , Maharaj Lenushka , Lee Abigail , Calaminici Maria , Matthews Janet , Iqbal Sameena , Auer Rebecca , Gribben John , Joel Simon 
Published: January 2013

Key Points
The increased expression of PI3K p110α in mantle cell lymphoma, particularly at relapse, suggests a role for p110α in disease progression. A high PIK3CA/PIK3CD ratio identifies patients unlikely to respond to p110δ inhibitors and supports use of dual p110α/p110δ inhibitors in MCL.
Some geometric properties of the metric space "Equation missing"
Authors: Çinar Muhammed , Karakaş Murat , Et Mikail 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
In this study, we consider the space

V
[
λ
,
p
]

with an invariant metric. Then, we examine some geometric properties of the linear metric space

V
[
λ
,
p
]

such as property (β), property (H) and k-NUC property.

MSC:40A05, 46A45, 46B20.
Detecting recurrent gene mutation in interaction network context using multi-scale graph diffusion
Authors: Babaei Sepideh , Hulsman Marc , Reinders Marcel , Ridder Jeroen de 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Delineating the molecular drivers of cancer, i.e. determining cancer genes and the pathways which they deregulate, is an important challenge in cancer research. In this study, we aim to identify pathways of frequently mutated genes by exploiting their network neighborhood encoded in the protein-protein interaction network. To this end, we introduce a multi-scale diffusion kernel and apply it to a large collection of murine retroviral insertional mutagenesis data. The diffusion strength plays the role of scale parameter, determining the size of the network neighborhood that is taken into account. As a result, in addition to detecting genes with frequent mutations in their genomic vicinity, we find genes that harbor frequent mutations in their interaction network context.

Results
We identify densely connected components of known and putatively novel cancer genes and demonstrate that they are strongly enriched for cancer related pathways across the diffusion scales. Moreover, the mutations in the clusters exhibit a significant pattern of mutual exclusion, supporting the conjecture that such genes are functionally linked. Using multi-scale diffusion kernel, various infrequently mutated genes are found to harbor significant numbers of mutations in their interaction network neighborhood. Many of them are well-known cancer genes.

Conclusions
The results demonstrate the importance of defining recurrent mutations while taking into account the interaction network context. Importantly, the putative cancer genes and networks detected in this study are found to be significant at different diffusion scales, confirming the necessity of a multi-scale analysis.
Fabrication of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells with a nanothin protective layer by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Ji Sanghoon , Chang Ikwhang , Lee Yoon Ho , Park Joonho , Paek Jun Yeol , Lee Min Hwan , Cha Suk Won 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Anode aluminum oxide-supported thin-film fuel cells having a sub-500-nm-thick bilayered electrolyte comprising a gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) layer and an yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) layer were fabricated and electrochemically characterized in order to investigate the effect of the YSZ protective layer. The highly dense and thin YSZ layer acted as a blockage against electron and oxygen permeation between the anode and GDC electrolyte. Dense GDC and YSZ thin films were fabricated using radio frequency sputtering and atomic layer deposition techniques, respectively. The resulting bilayered thin-film fuel cell generated a significantly higher open circuit voltage of approximately 1.07 V compared with a thin-film fuel cell with a single-layered GDC electrolyte (approximately 0.3 V).
Sterol regulatory element binding protein-dependent regulation of lipid synthesis supports cell survival and tumor growth
Authors: Griffiths Beatrice , Lewis Caroline A , Bensaad Karim , Ros Susana , Zhang Qifeng , Ferber Emma C , Konisti Sofia , Peck Barrie , Miess Heike , East Philip , Wakelam Michael , Harris Adrian L , Schulze Almut 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Regulation of lipid metabolism via activation of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) has emerged as an important function of the Akt/mTORC1 signaling axis. Although the contribution of dysregulated Akt/mTORC1 signaling to cancer has been investigated extensively and altered lipid metabolism is observed in many tumors, the exact role of SREBPs in the control of biosynthetic processes required for Akt-dependent cell growth and their contribution to tumorigenesis remains unclear.

Results
We first investigated the effects of loss of SREBP function in non-transformed cells. Combined ablation of SREBP1 and SREBP2 by siRNA-mediated gene silencing or chemical inhibition of SREBP activation induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress and engaged the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, specifically under lipoprotein-deplete conditions in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Induction of ER-stress led to inhibition of protein synthesis through increased phosphorylation of eIF2α. This demonstrates for the first time the importance of SREBP in the coordination of lipid and protein biosynthesis, two processes that are essential for cell growth and proliferation. SREBP ablation caused major changes in lipid composition characterized by a loss of mono- and poly-unsaturated lipids and induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Alterations in lipid composition and increased ROS levels, rather than overall changes to lipid synthesis rate, were required for ER-stress induction.
Next, we analyzed the effect of SREBP ablation in a panel of cancer cell lines. Importantly, induction of apoptosis following SREBP depletion was restricted to lipoprotein-deplete conditions. U87 glioblastoma cells were highly susceptible to silencing of either SREBP isoform, and apoptosis induced by SREBP1 depletion in these cells was rescued by antioxidants or by restoring the levels of mono-unsaturated fatty acids. Moreover, silencing of SREBP1 induced ER-stress in U87 cells in lipoprotein-deplete conditions and prevented tumor growth in a xenograft model.

Conclusions
Taken together, these results demonstrate that regulation of lipid composition by SREBP is essential to maintain the balance between protein and lipid biosynthesis downstream of Akt and to prevent resultant ER-stress and cell death. Regulation of lipid metabolism by the Akt/mTORC1 signaling axis is required for the growth and survival of cancer cells.
Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody titer predicts time to rheumatoid arthritis onset in patients with undifferentiated arthritis: results from a 2-year prospective study
Authors: Bizzaro Nicola , Bartoloni Elena , Morozzi Gabriella , Manganelli Stefania , Riccieri Valeria , Sabatini Paola , Filippini Matteo , Tampoia Marilina , Afeltra Antonella , Sebastiani Giandomenico , Alpini Claudia , Bini Vittorio , Bistoni Onelia , Alunno Alessia , Gerli Roberto ,   the Forum Interdisciplinare per la Ricerca nelle Malattie Autoimmuni (FIRMA Group)
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Introduction
The diagnostic, predictive and prognostic role of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients is widely accepted. Moreover, detection of these antibodies in subjects presenting with undifferentiated arthritis (UA) is associated with a significant risk to develop the disease. On the other hand, clinical and prognostic significance of evaluating anti-CCP levels in subjects with inflammatory arthritis at disease onset has not been fully clarified. The goal of this prospective study is to analyze the value and prognostic significance of anti-CCP titer quantification in UA subjects.

Methods
Serial anti-CCP assays were measured in 192 consecutive patients presenting with UA lasting less than 12 weeks. Clinical and serological data and arthritis outcome were evaluated every 6 months until two years of follow-up.

Results
Anti-CCP positivity, at both low and high titer, and arthritis of hand joints significantly predicted RA at two years, risk increasing in subjects with high anti-CCP titers at baseline. Moreover, time to RA diagnosis was shorter in patients with high anti-CCP2 titers at enrollment with respect to those with low antibody concentration.

Conclusions
Presence of anti-CCP antibodies, at both low and high concentration, is significantly associated with RA development in subjects with recent onset UA. However, time interval from the onset of the first symptoms to the fulfilment of the classification criteria appears to be directly related to the initial anti-CCP level.