bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrieval of Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions from aqueous solutions using sustainable guar gum/PVA/montmorillonite nanocomposite films: effect of temperature and adsorption isotherms
Authors: Alhaithloul Haifa A. S. , Alsudays Ibtisam Mohammed , Zaki ElSayed G. , Elsaeed Shymaa M. , Mubark Amal E. , Salib Lurana , Safwat Gehan , Niedbała Gniewko , Diab Ayman , Abdein Mohamed A. , Alharthi Afaf , Zakai Shadi A. , Elkelish Amr 
Published: August 2024

Uncontrolled or improperly managed wastewater is considered toxic and dangerous to plants, animals, and people, as well as negatively impacting the ecosystem. In this research, the use of we aimed to prepare polymer nanocomposites (guar gum/polyvinyl alcohol, and nano-montmorillonite clay) for eliminating heavy metals from water-based systems, especially Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions. The synthesis of nanocomposites was done by the green method with different ratios of guar gum to PVA (50/50), (60/40), and (80/20) wt%, in addition to glycerol that acts as a cross-linker. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis of the prepared (guar gum/PVA/MMT) polymeric nano-composites’ structure and morphology revealed the presence of both guar gum and PVA’s functional groups in the polymeric network matrix. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was also performed, which verified the creation of a nanocomposite. Furthermore, theromgravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated the biocomposites’ excellent thermal properties. For those metal ions, the extreme uptake was found at pH 6.0 in each instance. The Equilibrium uptake capacities of the three prepared nanocomposites were achieved within 240 min. The maximal capacities were found to be 95, 89 and 84 mg/g for Cu2+, and for Cd2+ were found to be 100, 91, 87 mg/g for guar gum (80/20, 60/40 and 50/50), respectively. The pseudo-2nd-order model with R2 &gt; 0.98 was demonstrated to be followed by the adsorption reaction, according to the presented results. In less than 4 hours, the adsorption equilibrium was reached. Furthermore, a 1% EDTA solution could be used to revitalize the metal-ion-loaded nanocomposites for several cycles. The most promising nanocomposite with efficiency above 90% for the removal of Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions from wastewater was found to have a guar (80/20) weight percentage, according to the results obtained.
Development of idealized human aortic models for in vitro and in silico hemodynamic studies
Authors: Mansouri Hamid , Kemerli Muaz , MacIver Robroy , Amili Omid 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe aorta, a central component of the cardiovascular system, plays a pivotal role in ensuring blood circulation. Despite its importance, there is a notable lack of idealized models for experimental and computational studies.ObjectiveThis study aims to develop computer-aided design (CAD) models for the idealized human aorta, intended for studying hemodynamics or solid mechanics in both in vitro and in silico settings.MethodsVarious parameters were extracted from comprehensive literature sources to evaluate major anatomical characteristics of the aorta in healthy adults, including variations in aortic arch branches and corresponding dimensions. The idealized models were generated based on averages weighted by the cohort size of each study for several morphological parameters collected and compiled from image-based or cadaveric studies, as well as data from four recruited subjects. The models were used for hemodynamics assessment using particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations.ResultsTwo CAD models for the idealized human aorta were developed, focusing on the healthy population. The CFD simulations, which align closely with the PIV measurements, capture the main global flow features and wall shear stress patterns observed in patient-specific cases, demonstrating the capabilities of the designed models.ConclusionsThe collected statistical data on the aorta and the two idealized aorta models, covering prevalent arch variants known as Normal and Bovine types, are shown to be useful for examining the hemodynamics of the aorta. They also hold promise for applications in designing medical devices where anatomical statistics are needed.
Prevalence and influencing factors of subjects at high risk for cardiovascular disease in different regions of Gansu province, China: a cross-sectional study of 100,725 residents from 2017 to 2022
Authors: Li Yixuan , Zhang Chouji , Chen Faqing , Zhang Jing 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundTo investigate the prevalence rate of subjects at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to analyze the influencing factors in different regions of Gansu Province.MethodsWe used data from the China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events (PEACE) Million Persons Project (MPP), which screened 100,725 residents aged 35–75 years from 10 project sites in Gansu Province, China, from 2017 to 2022. In addition, a questionnaire survey, anthropometric measurements, and collection of biological samples were carried out.ResultsOf the 100,082 residents included, 21,059 were identified as subjects at high-risk for CVD. The overall prevalence rate of subjects at high risk for CVD was 19.7%, and the prevalence rate in the HeXi region was greater than that in the LongZhong and LongDong regions. The prevalence rates were 14.0%, 58.2%, 34.9%, and 5.7% for cardiovascular history, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and WHO-assessed risk ≥20%, respectively. The prevalence rate of cardiovascular history type was the highest in the HeXi region, hypertension and dyslipidemia types were the highest in the LongZhong region, and WHO-assessed risk ≥20% type was the highest in the LongDong region. Male, higher education level, smoking status, snoring status, overweight and obesity status, central obesity status, and disease history were more likely to be risk factors for subjects at high risk for CVD. There were some differences among different regions in age, annual household income, farming status, rural/urban status, and drinking status.ConclusionThe prevalence rate of subjects at high risk for CVD in Gansu Province is relatively high. Individualized intervention measures as well as comprehensive prevention and control strategies should be adopted, focusing on the distribution characteristics of risk factors among high-risk subjects in different regions.
Temporal trends of ischemic stroke attributable to high fasting plasma glucose in China from the global burden of disease study 2019
Authors: Tang Liangchen , Xie Li , Liu Yixin 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundCurrently ischemic stroke poses a serious disease burden globally, and high fasting plasma glucose is one of the important risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the disease burden of ischemic stroke due to fasting glucose during 1990-2019 in China, to estimate the effect of age, period, and cohort on the trend of ischemic stroke disease burden, and to predict the disease burden of ischemic stroke in 2020-2030.MethodsIschemic stroke burden data were obtained by screening from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) database for high-risk populations in China. Annual average percentage change (AAPC) was calculated using the Joinpoint regression model to assess the trend of ischemic stroke burden between 1990 and 2019. Age-period-cohort models were introduced to estimate the independent effects of age, period, and cohort on ischemic stroke burden, and to predict the ischemic stroke burden in 2020-2030 based on Bayesian age-period-cohort models.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the number of ischemic stroke deaths due to high fasting plasma glucose in China continued to increase with an AAPC of 3.61. Trends in age-standardized incidence rates did not show statistical significance. In the age-period-cohort analysis, the age effect of ischemic stroke burden showed a continuously increasing trend over the study period. The period effect showed an overall favorable trend over the study period. The overall and cohort effects for males showed an overall increasing trend, whereas the cohort effect for females showed a decreasing trend after a decreasing trend for the 1945 birth cohort.ConclusionsThis study found that ischemic stroke due to high fasting plasma glucose in China has generally fluctuated between 1990 and 2019, with a decreasing trend in recent years, and projections also suggest that it will continue to show a decreasing trend in the future. Age and period of birth were the main elements influencing the burden of disease, especially among the elderly and men. Policies should be used to promote the prevention of known risk factors and to strengthen health management for key populations.
The role of superior hemorrhoidal vein ectasia in the preoperative staging of rectal cancer
Authors: Lucarelli Nicola Maria , Mirabile Alessandra , Maggialetti Nicola , Morelli Chiara , Calbi Roberto , Bartoli Simona , Avella Pasquale , Saccente Domenico , Greco Sara , Ianora Stabile Antonio Amato 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe prognosis of colorectal cancer has continuously improved in recent years thanks to continuous progress in both the therapeutic and diagnostic fields. The specific objective of this study is to contribute to the diagnostic field through the evaluation of the correlation between superior hemorrhoidal vein (SHV) ectasia detected on computed tomography (CT) and Tumor (T), Node (N), and distant metastasis (M) examination and mesorectal fascia (MRF) invasion in the preoperative staging of rectal cancer.MethodsBetween January 2018 and April 2022, 46 patients with histopathological diagnosis of rectal cancer were retrospectively enrolled, and the diameter of the SHV was evaluated by CT examination. The cutoff value for SHV diameter used is 3.7 mm. The diameter was measured at the level of S2 during portal venous phase after 4× image zoom to reduce the interobserver variability. The parameters evaluated were tumor location, detection of MRF infiltration (defined as the distance &lt; 1 mm between the tumor margins and the fascia), SHV diameter, detection of mesorectal perilesional lymph nodes, and detection of metastasis.ResultsA total of 67.39% (31/46) of patients had SHV ectasia. All patients with MRF infiltration (4/46, 7.14%) presented SHV ectasia (average diameter of 4.4 mm), and SHV was significantly related with the development of liver metastases at the moment of primary staging and during follow-up.ConclusionSHV ectasia may be related to metastasis and MRF involvement; therefore, it could become a tool for preoperative staging of rectal cancer.
Open vs. closed reduction with pinning for displaced Rockwood and Wilkins' type C thumb metacarpal base fractures in children
Authors: Qiao Fei , Shang Xinpeng , Jiang Fei 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe treatment of severely displaced Rockwood and Wilkins' type C (RWC) thumb metacarpal basal fractures remains controversial in children. This retrospective study aimed to compare the efficacy of two treatment methods, open vs. closed reduction with pinning of such injuries.MethodsThis study included 30 patients with open physes, 14 boys and 16 girls, who all received either closed or open reduction treatment. The primary outcomes of interest included healing time, complications, and functional results, which were evaluated using the improved Mayo score standard. The minimum follow-up period was 24 months, with a mean of 30.3 months (range 24.0–45.0 months). Statistical significant was defined as P &lt; 0.05.ResultsAll fractures were healed within 7 weeks after surgery, regardless of which surgical approach was used. However, the recovery time was markedly faster in the closed group, with a mean of 4.2 weeks, than in the open group, with a mean of 4.7 weeks (P &lt; 0.05). The operation time for closed group, taking 20 min in average, was also shorter than that for open group (P &lt; 0.05). The total incidence of mild complications was lower for patients in the closed group than for patients in the open group (6.3% vs. 21.4%, P &lt; 0.05). No major complications were observed in either group. In the closed group, a total of 15 patients exhibited excellent outcomes, while only one patient demonstrated good outcomes. On the other hand, in the open group, 12 patients experienced excellent outcomes, whereas two patients had good outcomes. There were no instances of osteomyelitis, refractures or nonunion, avascular necrosis (AVN), or premature physeal closure in either group.ConclusionThe data from the open group and closed group procedures for severely shifted RWC fractures in children indicate comparable prognoses and complication rates between the two groups. Obviously closed reduction, in particular, offers several advantages over open procedure, including shorter surgical duration, fewer K-wires required, and no need for open incisions. Consequently, closed reduction is the preferred method for treating such RWC fractures.
Photoperiodic dependent regulation of photosynthesis in the polar diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus
Authors: Guérin Sébastien , Bruyant Flavienne , Gosselin Michel , Babin Marcel , Lavaud Johann 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Polar microalgae are exposed to dramatic seasonal changes in light availability, from continuous summer days to winter nights with rapid changes of the daylength in spring and fall. Under this challenging light climate, large diatoms spring blooms occur at the bottom sea-ice and underneath the icepack, accounting for a significant proportion of the annual marine primary production in the Arctic Ocean. The on-going earlier melt down of the snow and ice covers result in a stronger light penetration and consequent increase in irradiance at the bottom of the sea ice leading to earlier seasonal sea-ice diatom blooms under shorter daylengths. Therefore, elucidating the response of polar diatoms to different photoperiods will help to better understand the consequences of the changing arctic climate on their photosynthetic productivity.Methods: In this study, we characterized the response of F. cylindrus, a model polar diatom, across five different photoperiods with similar light and temperature conditions (30 μmol photons m-2 s-1 and 0°C respectively).Results: We report different photoacclimative strategies under shorter and longer daylengths, with the special case of prolonged darkness (mimicking winter polar night). We also observed a repeated daily regulation of the photochemistry and photoprotection parameters when cells were exposed to a light:darkness alternation, despite the constant and optimal light intensity during the light periods.Discussion: Our results highlight the ability of F. cylindrus to grow efficiently under a wide range of daylengths, finely adjusting the balance between photochemistry and photoprotection to make the best use of the available light, supporting sustained production and growth despite low light and temperature.
Experiences of parenting for autistic children in Australia and Italy: a qualitative cross-cultural comparison
Authors: Frigerio Alessandra , Knight Tess , Rella Riccardo , Sinigaglia Elena , Camussi Elisabetta , Montali Lorenzo 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionParents vary in their gradual adaptation to the demands of caring for an autistic child. Their experiences can be positive, negative, or a combination of both, depending on the severity of the cases and various personal and social factors. Cross-cultural comparisons can aid in understanding how contextual factors, such as the availability of social and health services, and cultural factors, such as family relationships and the distribution of care burden, may influence the caregiving experience. However, there is a limited amount of cross-cultural research on this topic, which is almost exclusively quantitative.Aims and methodsFrom an ecocultural perspective, our interview-based study aimed to explore the experiences of Australian (15) and Italian (11) parents of autistic children living in their respective countries.ResultsThe analysis identified three main themes. Life through autism, autism through life: coexisting with an unexpected life partner, Parenting autistic children: reorganization of parents’ subjectivity and familiar dynamics, and The unseen side of disability: autism communities between inclusion and segregation.DiscussionOur comparative approach reveals both commonalities and differences between the two groups of participants. The similarities support features previously identified in the literature: the emotional and physical burden on parents and the positive impact on parental identity. The differences relate to the diagnostic process, interactions with health professionals, the impact of autism on family dynamics and parental perspectives, and the role assigned to siblings. Despite facing similar challenges, these differences reveal how Italian and Australian parents articulate different understandings linked to social and cultural differences.
Differences in the impact of land transfer on poverty vulnerability among households with different livelihood structures
Authors: Zhao Xiaonan , Lan Feng , Guo Mengdan , Zhang Liping 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEradicating poverty is the primary objective of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. While China has achieved great success in achieving poverty reduction targets, reducing the poverty vulnerability of rural households is crucial for ensuring the sustainability of poverty reduction gains. The purpose of land transfer is to ensure the continuous increase of farmers’ income through efficient land use; it has become an important initiative for poverty alleviation in rural areas. Existing studies have confirmed the positive effect of land transfer on poverty alleviation, but few have explored the difference in the impact of land transfer on poverty vulnerability of households with different income structures.MethodsUsing data from the China Family Panel Survey (CFPS) from 2010 to 2020, this paper empirically examines the impact of land transfer on poverty vulnerability.Results and discussionThe results show that land transfer has a significant positive impact on poverty vulnerability alleviation among rural households. Further comparing households with different livelihood structures, we find that land transfer is more effective in reducing poverty for non-farm employment-oriented household. Therefore, we suggest that the government should improve the land transfer system, increase agricultural subsidies, and consider the occupational differentiation among farmers to improve the poverty reduction effect of land transfer. These suggestions also provide a reference for promoting sustainable agricultural development and consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation.
Utilizing Deep Neural Networks to Fill Gaps in Small Genomes
Authors: Chen Yu , Wang Gang , Zhang Tianjiao 
Published: August 2024

With the widespread adoption of next-generation sequencing technologies, the speed and convenience of genome sequencing have significantly improved, and many biological genomes have been sequenced. However, during the assembly of small genomes, we still face a series of challenges, including repetitive fragments, inverted repeats, low sequencing coverage, and the limitations of sequencing technologies. These challenges lead to unknown gaps in small genomes, hindering complete genome assembly. Although there are many existing assembly software options, they do not fully utilize the potential of artificial intelligence technologies, resulting in limited improvement in gap filling. Here, we propose a novel method, DLGapCloser, based on deep learning, aimed at assisting traditional tools in further filling gaps in small genomes. Firstly, we created four datasets based on the original genomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Neurospora crassa, and Micromonas pusilla. To further extract effective information from the gene sequences, we also added homologous genomes to enrich the datasets. Secondly, we proposed the DGCNet model, which effectively extracts features and learns context from sequences flanking gaps. Addressing issues with early pruning and high memory usage in the Beam Search algorithm, we developed a new prediction algorithm, Wave-Beam Search. This algorithm alternates between expansion and contraction phases, enhancing efficiency and accuracy. Experimental results showed that the Wave-Beam Search algorithm improved the gap-filling performance of assembly tools by 7.35%, 28.57%, 42.85%, and 8.33% on the original results. Finally, we established new gap-filling standards and created and implemented a novel evaluation method. Validation on the genomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Neurospora crassa, and Micromonas pusilla showed that DLGapCloser increased the number of filled gaps by 8.05%, 15.3%, 1.4%, and 7% compared to traditional assembly tools.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Aromaterapi Lemon dan Air Jahe pada Emesis Gravidarum
Authors: Kartikaningsih  , Renita Renita Rizkya Danti , Christiana Indah 
Published: August 2024

Emesis gravidarum is common problem experienced by 50-90% of pregnant women, and 2% of these cases into hyperemesis gravidarum. One of the safe solutions to nausea and vomiting of pregnant women with non-pharmacological therapy of lemon aromatherapy and ginger drink. This study aims to test the effectiveness of a combination of lemon aromatherapy and ginger drink to reduce nausea and vomiting in pregnant women. This research method used quasy experiment, pre-post test control group design. Population was pregnant women at TPMB in Songgon District who experienced nausea and vomiting. This study used consecutive sampling inclusion criteria, 20 people for the treatment group and 20 people in the control group. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test. Before the intervention, the frequency of nausea and vomiting in the study subjects was high. However, after treatment, there was decrease in the frequency of nausea and vomiting. The results of data analysis show a value of P = 0.000, which states that P < 0.05, meaning that there is an effect of giving a combination of lemon aromatherapy and ginger drink on reducing emesis gravidarum in TPMB in the Songgon Banyuwangi sub-district area in 2021. Health workers can use non-pharmacological alternative therapy in the form of combination of lemon aromatherapy and ginger drink as a step to reduce and overcome symptoms of nausea and vomiting. In addition, there is an opportunity to conduct research as one of the safe solutions to overcome nausea and vomiting of pregnant women with other complementary therapies.