bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Hurricane Sandy on Hospital Emergency and Dialysis Services: A Retrospective Survey
Authors: Lin Chou-jui , Pierce Lauren C. , Roblin Patricia M. , Arquilla Bonnie 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectiveHurricane Sandy forced closures of many free-standing dialysis centers in New York City in 2012. Hemodialysis (HD) patients therefore sought dialysis treatments from nearby hospitals. The surge capacity of hospital dialysis services was the rate-limiting step for streamlining the emergency department flow of HD patients. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of the HD patients surge and to explore difficulties encountered by hospitals in Brooklyn, New York (USA) due to Hurricane Sandy.MethodsA retrospective survey on hospital dialysis services was conducted by interviewing dialysis unit managers, focusing on the influx of HD patients from closed dialysis centers to hospitals, coping strategies these hospitals used, and difficulties encountered.ResultsIn total, 347 HD patients presented to 15 Brooklyn hospitals for dialysis. The number of transient HD patients peaked two days after landfall and gradually decreased over a week. Hospital dialysis services reported issues with lack of dialysis documentation from transient dialysis patients (92.3%), staff shortage (50%), staff transportation (71.4%), and communication with other agencies (53.3%). Linear regression showed that factors significantly associated with enhanced surge capacity were the size of inpatient dialysis unit (P = .040), having affiliated outpatient dialysis centers (P = .032), using extra dialysis machines (P = .014), and having extra workforce (P = .007). Early emergency plan activation (P = .289) and shortening treatment time (P = .118) did not impact the surge capacity significantly in this study.ConclusionThese findings provide potential improvement options for receiving hospitals dialysis units to prepare for future events.LinC, PierceLC, RoblinPM, ArquillaB. Impact of Hurricane Sandy on hospital emergency and dialysis services: a retrospective survey. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(4):1-6.
A moiré deflectometer for antimatter
Authors: Aghion S. , Ahlén O. , Amsler C. , Ariga A. , Ariga T. , Belov A. S. , Berggren K. , Bonomi G. , Bräunig P. , Bremer J. , Brusa R. S. , Cabaret L. , Canali C. , Caravita R. , Castelli F. , Cerchiari G. , Cialdi S. , Comparat D. , Consolati G. , Derking H. , Di Domizio S. , Di Noto L. , Doser M. , Dudarev A. , Ereditato A. , Ferragut R. , Fontana A. , Genova P. , Giammarchi M. , Gligorova A. , Gninenko S. N. , Haider S. , Huse T. , Jordan E. , Jørgensen L. V. , Kaltenbacher T. , Kawada J. , Kellerbauer A. , Kimura M. , Knecht A. , Krasnický D. , Lagomarsino V. , Lehner S. , Magnani A. , Malbrunot C. , Mariazzi S. , Matveev V. A. , Moia F. , Nebbia G. , Nédélec P. , Oberthaler M. K. , Pacifico N. , Petràček V. , Pistillo C. , Prelz F. , Prevedelli M. , Regenfus C. , Riccardi C. , Røhne O. , Rotondi A. , Sandaker H. , Scampoli P. , Storey J. , Vasquez M.A. Subieta , Špaček M. , Testera G. , Vaccarone R. , Widmann E. , Zavatarelli S. , Zmeskal J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe precise measurement of forces is one way to obtain deep insight into the fundamental interactions present in nature. In the context of neutral antimatter, the gravitational interaction is of high interest, potentially revealing new forces that violate the weak equivalence principle. Here we report on a successful extension of a tool from atom optics—the moiré deflectometer—for a measurement of the acceleration of slow antiprotons. The setup consists of two identical transmission gratings and a spatially resolving emulsion detector for antiproton annihilations. Absolute referencing of the observed antimatter pattern with a photon pattern experiencing no deflection allows the direct inference of forces present. The concept is also straightforwardly applicable to antihydrogen measurements as pursued by the AEgIS collaboration. The combination of these very different techniques from high energy and atomic physics opens a very promising route to the direct detection of the gravitational acceleration of neutral antimatter.
Threading plasmonic nanoparticle strings with light
Authors: Herrmann Lars O. , Valev Ventsislav K. , Tserkezis Christos , Barnard Jonathan S. , Kasera Setu , Scherman Oren A. , Aizpurua Javier , Baumberg Jeremy J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractNanomaterials find increasing application in communications, renewable energies, electronics and sensing. Because of its unsurpassed speed and highly tuneable interaction with matter, using light to guide the self-assembly of nanomaterials can open up novel technological frontiers. However, large-scale light-induced assembly remains challenging. Here we demonstrate an efficient route to nano-assembly through plasmon-induced laser threading of gold nanoparticle strings, producing conducting threads 12±2 nm wide. This precision is achieved because the nanoparticles are first chemically assembled into chains with rigidly controlled separations of 0.9 nm primed for re-sculpting. Laser-induced threading occurs on a large scale in water, tracked via a new optical resonance in the near-infrared corresponding to a hybrid chain/rod-like charge transfer plasmon. The nano-thread width depends on the chain mode resonances, the nanoparticle size, the chain length and the peak laser power, enabling nanometre-scale tuning of the optical and conducting properties of such nanomaterials.
Identification and use of an alkane transporter plug-in for applications in biocatalysis and whole-cell biosensing of alkanes
Authors: Grant Chris , Deszcz Dawid , Wei Yu-Chia , Martínez-Torres Rubéns Julio , Morris Phattaraporn , Folliard Thomas , Sreenivasan Rakesh , Ward John , Dalby Paul , Woodley John M. , Baganz Frank 
Published: July 2014

AbstractEffective application of whole-cell devices in synthetic biology and biocatalysis will always require consideration of the uptake of molecules of interest into the cell. Here we demonstrate that the AlkL protein from Pseudomonas putida GPo1 is an alkane import protein capable of industrially relevant rates of uptake of C7-C16 n-alkanes. Without alkL expression, native E.coli n-alkane uptake was the rate-limiting step in both the whole-cell bioconversion of C7-C16 n-alkanes and in the activation of a whole-cell alkane biosensor by C10 and C11 alkanes. By coexpression of alkL as a transporter plug-in, specific yields improved by up to 100-fold for bioxidation of >C12 alkanes to fatty alcohols and acids. The alkL protein was shown to be toxic to the host when overexpressed but when expressed from a vector capable of controlled induction, yields of alkane oxidation were improved a further 10-fold (8 g/L and 1.7 g/g of total oxidized products). Further testing of activity on n-octane with the controlled expression vector revealed the highest reported rates of 120 μmol/min/g and 1 g/L/h total oxidized products. This is the first time AlkL has been shown to directly facilitate enhanced uptake of C10-C16 alkanes and represents the highest reported gain in product yields resulting from its use.
The Effect of Multiple Concurrent Central Venous Catheters on Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Concannon Cathleen , van Wijngaarden Edwin , Stevens Vanessa , Dumyati Ghinwa 
Published: July 2014

ObjectiveThe current central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance rate calculation does not account for multiple concurrent central venous catheters (CVCs). The presence of multiple CVCs creates more points of entry into the bloodstream, potentially increasing CLABSI risk. Multiple CVCs may be used in sicker patients, making it difficult to separate the relative contributions of multiple CVCs and comorbidities to CLABSI risk. We explored the relative impact of multiple CVCs, patient comorbidities, and disease severity on the risk of CLABSI.DesignCase-control study.SettingA total of 197 case patients and 201 control subjects with a CVC inserted during hospitalization at a tertiary care academic medical center from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2010.MethodsMultiple CVCs was the exposure of interest; the primary outcome was CLABSI. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) describing the association between CLABSI and multiple CVCs with and without controlling for Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) scores as measures of disease severity and patient comorbidities, respectively.ResultsPatients with multiple CVCs (n = 78) showed a 4.2 (95% CI, 2.2–8.4) times greater risk of CLABSI compared with patients with 1 CVC after adjusting for CLABSI risk factors. When including APACHE II and CCI scores, multiple CVCs remained an independent risk factor for CLABSI (OR, 3.4 [95% CI, 1.7–6.9]).ConclusionsMultiple CVCs is an independent risk factor for CLABSI even after adjusting for severity of illness. Adjustment for this risk may be necessary to accurately compare rates between hospitals.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(9):1140-1146
EDITORIAL: Bridging the knowing–doing gap: know‐who, know‐what, know‐why, know‐how and know‐when
Authors: Hulme Philip E. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryA widely recognized challenge in applied ecology is the gap between the knowledge generated by scientists and uptake by practitioners. Bridging this gap requires reciprocal and iterative flows of information from both scientists and practitioners prior to research initiation and beyond its completion. Yet current approaches to knowledge exchange ignore the complexity of translating different types of knowledge and the constraints that might limit effective knowledge exchange.Knowing who might use a particular piece of research is the first step when developing projects that might be of value to practitioners, but different types of research often can have quite different audiences. Identifying the precise target for research outputs, whether practitioners, stakeholders or end‐users, is essential for successful knowledge exchange, and outputs must be tailored to the knowledge needs of the intended recipients.The scope of many leading applied ecology journals targets use‐inspired basic research that aims to develop a theoretical or fundamental basis to support interventions, technologies and policies that lead to improved applied outcomes. This more conceptual approach, while essential to the development of future management applications, is probably not what most practitioners require.In contrast to the explicit knowledge generated by scientists, many practitioners apply their own tacit knowledge when making decisions regarding their conservation goals and interventions. Such knowledge is intuitive, largely experience based and hard to define. As a result is often context dependent and personal in nature. The failure of scientists to translate and consider tacit knowledge may be behind the lack of implementation of their research.Additional challenges to implementation include the continuing interest and relevance of use‐inspired basic research, lack of consensus among researchers regarding management options and the need for scientists to remain independent brokers of intervention options rather than conservation advocates.Synthesis and applications. Publishing research in peer‐reviewed journals will only ever be a small part of closing the knowing–doing gap. Increasingly, conservation organizations, such asNGOs and charities that employ their own scientists, steward their own protected areas, and build long‐term partnerships with stakeholders will be central to implementing applied ecological science.
Maternal Filicide in Turkey
Authors: Eke Salih Murat , Basoglu Saba , Bakar Bulent , Oral Gokhan 
Published: July 2014

AbstractFilicide occurs in every socioeconomic stratum around the world. This study was conducted to evaluate motives, psychopathological aspects, and socio‐demographic factors of 74 filicide cases of women in Turkey. Mean age of mothers, most of whom committed infanticide, was 26 years, and breakdown of criminal offenses are as follows: “to get rid of unwanted babies” (24.3%), “acute psychotic‐type filicide” (21.6%), “fatal child abuse and neglect” (17.6%), “to get revenge” (12.2%), “protect the lonely child from the harm and badness after suicide” (10.8%), and “pity” (9.5%) motives. Results showed that maternal filicide cannot be reduced to only mental instability or environmental factors and indicates deficiencies in the capacity of the mothers' role in connecting with their child and with parenting skills. Finally, with regard to defendants' motives, similar factors that contribute to committing maternal filicide should be considered while making an assessment of the data and determining employee risk groups.
Evaluation of assessment in the context of work‐based learning: Qualitative perspectives of new graduates
Authors: Palermo Claire , Chung Alexandra , Beck Eleanor J. , Ash Susan , Capra Sandra , Truby Helen , Jolly Brian 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAimEvaluation or assessment of competence is an important step to ensure the safety and efficacy of health professionals, including dietitians. Most competency‐based assessment studies are focused on valid and reliable methods of assessment for the preparation of entry‐level dietitians, few papers have explored student dietitians' perceptions of these evaluations. The present study aimed to explore the perceptions of recent graduates from accredited nutrition and dietetics training programs in Australia. It also aimed to establish the relevance of competency‐based assessment to adequately prepare them for entry‐level work roles.MethodsA purposive sample of newly graduated dietitians with a range of assessment experiences and varied employment areas was recruited. A qualitative approach, using in‐depth interviews with 13 graduates, was undertaken. Graduates were asked to reflect upon their competency‐based assessment experiences as a student. Data were thematically analysed by multiple authors.ResultsFour themes emerged from the data analysis: (i) transparency and consistency are critical elements of work‐based competency assessment; (ii) students are willing to take greater responsibility in the assessment process; (iii) work‐based competency assessment prepares students for employment; and (iv) the relationship between students and their assessors impacts student experience and assessment performance.ConclusionsUnderstanding this unique perspective of students can improve evaluation of future health professionals and assist in validating competency‐based assessment approaches.
Aging and Alcohol Interact to Alter Hepatic DNA Hydroxymethylation
Authors: Tammen Stephanie A. , Dolnikowski Gregory G. , Ausman Lynne M. , Liu Zhenhua , Sauer Julia , Friso Simonetta , Choi Sang‐Woon 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundAging and chronic alcohol consumption are both modifiers of DNA methylation, but it is not yet known whether chronic alcohol consumption also alters DNA hydroxymethylation, a newly discovered epigenetic mark produced by oxidation of methylcytosine. Furthermore, it has not been tested whether aging and alcohol interact to modify this epigenetic phenomenon, thereby having an independent effect on gene expression.MethodsOld (18 months) and young (4 months) male C57BL/6 mice were pair‐fed either a Lieber‐DeCarli liquid diet with alcohol (18% of energy) or an isocaloric Lieber‐DeCarli control diet for 5 weeks. Global DNA hydroxymethylation and DNA methylation were analyzed from hepatic DNA using a new liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method. Hepatic mRNA expression of the Tet enzymes were measured via quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsIn young mice, mild chronic alcohol exposure significantly reduced global DNA hydroxymethylation compared with control mice (0.22 ± 0.01 vs. 0.29 ± 0.06%, p = 0.004). Alcohol did not significantly alter hydroxymethylcytosine levels in old mice. Old mice fed the control diet showed decreased global DNA hydroxymethylation compared with young mice fed the control diet (0.24 ± 0.02 vs. 0.29 ± 0.06%, p = 0.04). This model suggests an interaction between aging and alcohol in determining DNA hydroxymethylation (pinteraction = 0.009). Expression of Tet2 and Tet3 was decreased in the old mice relative to the young (p < 0.005).ConclusionsThe observation that alcohol alters DNA hydroxymethylation indicates a new epigenetic effect of alcohol. This is the first study demonstrating the interactive effects of chronic alcohol consumption and aging on DNA hydroxymethylation.
Intensification treatment based on early FDG‐PET in patients with high‐risk diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: a phase II GELTAMO trial
Authors: Pardal Emilia , Coronado Mónica , Martín Alejandro , Grande Carlos , Marín‐Niebla Ana , Panizo Carlos , Bello José Luis , Conde Eulogio , Hernández Miguel T. , Arranz Reyes , Bargay Joan , González‐Barca Eva , Pérez‐Ceballos Elena , Montes‐Moreno Santiago , Caballero María Dolores 
Published: July 2014

SummaryWe conducted a multicentre, phase II study of interim positron emission tomography (PET) as a guide to risk‐adapted therapy in high‐risk patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Patients achieving negative fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)‐PET after three courses of R‐MegaCHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) received three additional courses, whereas PET‐positive patients received two courses of R‐IFE (rituximab, ifosfamide, etoposide) followed by BEAM (BCNU, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) and autologous stem‐cell transplantation. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS). 71 patients (median age 55 years, range 25–69) were enrolled. With a median follow‐up of 42·8 months (range 7·2–58·4), the estimated 4‐year PFS and overall survival (OS) were 67% and 78%, respectively, for the global series. Patients in complete remission after interim PET (N = 36) had significantly better 3‐year PFS than those with partial response (N = 30) [81% vs. 57%, Hazard ratio (HR) = 2·6, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1·02–6·65] but not a statistically significant longer OS. A retrospective PET central review was done for 51 patients. According to semiquantitative analysis, 3‐year PFS (81% vs. 33%; HR = 6·9, 95% CI = 2·35–20·6) and OS (95% vs. 33%, HR = 19·4, 95% CI = 3·89–97·0) were significantly better for negative than for positive interim PET patients. Early PET assessment is valuable for risk stratification in DLBCL; for this purpose semiquantitative evaluation is a better predictor than visual criteria.
Anxiety in the management of localised prostate cancer by active surveillance
Authors: Anderson Jake , Burney Susan , Brooker Joanne E. , Ricciardelli Lina A. , Fletcher Jane M. , Satasivam Prassannah , Frydenberg Mark 
Published: July 2014

ObjectivesTo describe a range of anxieties in men on active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer and determine which of these anxieties predicted health‐related quality of life (HRQL).Patients and MethodsIn all, 260 men with prostate cancer on AS were invited to complete psychological measures including the Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale; the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory‐Trait Scale; the Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer; and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale‐Prostate. Overall, 86 men with a mean (sd, range) age of 65.7 (5.4, 51–75) years returned data, yielding a response rate of 33%. Outcome measures were standardised psychological measures. Pearson's correlations were used to examine bivariate relationships, while regression analyses were used to describe predictors of dependent variables.ResultsWhen compared with the findings of prior research, the men in our cohort had normal levels of general anxiety and illness‐specific anxiety and high prostate cancer‐related HRQL. Age, trait anxiety and fear of recurrence (FoR) were significant predictors of prostate cancer‐related HRQL; trait anxiety and FoR were significant predictors of total HRQL. Results should be interpreted in context of sample characteristics and the correlational design of the study.ConclusionsParticipants reported low levels of anxiety and high HRQL. Trait anxiety and FoR were significant predictors of both prostate cancer‐related and total HRQL. The administration of a short trait‐anxiety screening tool may help identify men with clinically significant levels of anxiety and those at risk of reduced HRQL.
Roscovitine is a proteostasis regulator that corrects the trafficking defect of F508del‐CFTR by a CDK‐independent mechanism
Authors: Norez C , Vandebrouck C , Bertrand J , Noel S , Durieu E , Oumata N , Galons H , Antigny F , Chatelier A , Bois P , Meijer L , Becq F 
Published: July 2014

Background and PurposeThe most common mutation in cystic fibrosis (CF), F508del, causes defects in trafficking, channel gating and endocytosis of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Because CF is an orphan disease, therapeutic strategies aimed at improving mutant CFTR functions are needed to target the root cause of CF.Experimental ApproachHuman CF airway epithelial cells were treated with roscovitine 100 μM for 2 h before CFTR maturation, expression and activity were examined. The mechanism of action of roscovitine was explored by recording the effect of depleting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ on the F508del‐CFTR/calnexin interaction and by measuring proteasome activity.Key ResultsOf the cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors investigated, roscovitine was found to restore the cell surface expression and defective channel function of F508del‐CFTR in human CF airway epithelial cells. Neither olomoucine nor (S)‐CR8, two very efficient CDK inhibitors, corrected F508del‐CFTR trafficking demonstrating that the correcting effect of roscovitine was independent of CDK inhibition. Competition studies with inhibitors of the ER quality control (ERQC) indicated that roscovitine acts on the calnexin pathway and on the degradation machinery. Roscovitine was shown (i) to partially inhibit the interaction between F508del‐CFTR and calnexin by depleting ER Ca2+ and (ii) to directly inhibit the proteasome activity in a Ca2+‐independent manner.Conclusions and ImplicationsRoscovitine is able to correct the defective function of F508del‐CFTR by preventing the ability of the ERQC to interact with and degrade F508del‐CFTR via two synergistic but CDK‐independent mechanisms. Roscovitine has potential as a pharmacological therapy for CF.
Designing and Implementing INTREPID, an Intensive Program in Translational Research Methodologies for New Investigators
Authors: Plottel Claudia S. , Aphinyanaphongs Yindalon , Shao Yongzhao , Micoli Keith J. , Fang Yixin , Goldberg Judith D. , Galeano Claudia R. , Stangel Jessica H. , Chavis‐Keeling Deborah , Hochman Judith S. , Cronstein Bruce N. , Pillinger Michael H. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSenior housestaff and junior faculty are often expected to perform clinical research, yet may not always have the requisite knowledge and skills to do so successfully. Formal degree programs provide such knowledge, but require a significant commitment of time and money. Short‐term training programs (days to weeks) provide alternative ways to accrue essential information and acquire fundamental methodological skills. Unfortunately, published information about short‐term programs is sparse. To encourage discussion and exchange of ideas regarding such programs, we here share our experience developing and implementing INtensive Training in Research Statistics, Ethics, and Protocol Informatics and Design (INTREPID), a 24‐day immersion training program in clinical research methodologies. Designing, planning, and offering INTREPID was feasible, and required significant faculty commitment, support personnel and infrastructure, as well as committed trainees.