bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Self‐Doped Monolayered 2D MoS2 for Enhanced Photoresponsivity
Authors: Mallick Sagar , Majumder Sudipta , Maiti Paramita , Kesavan Kamali , Rahman Atikur , Rath Ashutosh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTransition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exist in two distinct phases: the thermodynamically stable trigonal prismatic (2H) and the metastable octahedral (1T) phase. Phase engineering has emerged as a potent technique for enhancing the performance of TMDs in optoelectronics applications. Nevertheless, understanding the mechanism of phase transition in TMDs and achieving large‐area synthesis of phase‐controlled TMDs continue to pose significant challenges. This study presents the synthesis of large‐area monolayered 2H‐MoS2 and mixed‐phase 1T/2H‐MoS2 by controlling the growth temperature in the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method without use of a catalyst. The field‐effect transistors (FETs) devices fabricated with 1T/2H‐MoS2 mixed‐phase show an on/off ratio of 107. Photo response devices fabricated with 1T/2H‐MoS2 mixed‐phase show ≈55 times enhancement in responsivity (from 0.32 to 17.4 A W−1) and 102 times increase in the detectivity (from 4.1 × 1010 to 2.48 × 1012 cm Hz W−1) compare to 2H‐MoS2. Introducing the metallic 1T phase within the 2H phase contributes additional carriers to the material, which prevents the electron‐hole recombination and thereby increases the carrier density in the 1T/2H‐MoS2 mixed‐phase in comparison to 2H‐MoS2. This work provides insights into the self‐doping effects of 1T phase in 2H MoS2, enabling the tuning of 2D TMDs properties for optoelectronic applications.
Development of a State‐of‐Art Custard Formulation: Investigating the Rheological, Physicochemical, Sensory, and In‐Vitro Digestibility Properties
Authors: Kashi Razieh , Razavi Seyed Mohammad Ali 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStabilizing starch‐based dairy desserts is a challenge, attracting researchers’ attention to finding a phase separation‐free formulation with protected textural and sensory properties. The present study aims to investigate the effect of using high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treated waxy corn starch (HWCS) instead of native corn starch, substituting sucrose with xylitol (1:0, 1:1, 0:1) and fat reduction level (2.67% and 0.1%) on the rheological, textural, sensory properties, α‐amylase sensitivity, and instrumental and sensory parameters of custard desserts’ correlation. The results of the back extrusion test demonstrate an increase in consistency (27.20 mJ) and adhesiveness (6.20 mJ) and a decrease in hardness (5.13 N) and adhesive force (2.57 N) by applying HWCS, diminishing fat content and substituting xylitol (HXL) compared to control (2.16 mJ, 0.79 mJ, 13.55 N and 3.45 N, respectively) that is in line with preventing syneresis, maximizing creamy stability index, and water holding capacity after 5 days of storage at 4 °C. Also, the presence of xylitol and HWCS decreases custards’ enzyme sensitivity and glucose release, amplifying its creaminess and smoothness perception. It is worth noting that although HWCS reduces viscosity and time dependency at the constant shear rate of 50 s−1 (6 °C), low‐fat samples have a higher viscosity than control.
MHD free convective heat and mass transfer flow passing through semi‐infinite plate for Cu‐water and TiO2‐water nanofluids in presence of radiation embedded in porous medium
Authors: Choudhury Kangkan , Sharma Sweety 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research presents an analytical study of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)‐free convective heat and mass transfer flow of a nanofluid bounded by a semi‐infinite flat plate. A magnetic field of strength is applied throughout the fluid region. The plate is moving with a constant velocity , temperature, and the concentration are assumed to be fluctuating with time harmonically from a constant mean at the plate. The frontier equations are assumed to be of an oscillatory nature and cracked analytically using the perturbation technique. The novelty of the present work is to examine the heat and mass transfer MHD flow for Cu‐water and TiO2‐water nanofluids in the presence of thermal radiation. The influence of physical parameters on the flow domain is described in the discussions by graphically and in tabular form. It was found that the fluid temperature and skin friction were reduced with the increased values of the radiation parameters for Cu‐water and TiO2‐water nanofluids. Also, it is noticed that the concentration boundary layer thickness decreases with an increase in chemical reaction parameters.
Modeling of Viscoelasticity of Thermoplastic Polymers Employed in the Hot Embossing Process
Authors: Rabhi F. , Cheng G. , Barriere T. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe manufacturing of micro-scale components requires mastery of shaping processes ranging from micromechanics to electronic microfabrication. The hot embossing (HE) process is widely developed in various fields, since it allows to emboss complex structures at the micro/nanoscale such as optical sensors, diffractive lenses, microfluidic channels, and so on. The development of micro-structured parts via this process requires an in-depth analysis of the surface quality obtained and the mold filling rate. It is essential to analyze the influence of polymer properties to optimize the final mold filling to reduce cycle time and obtain defect-free replicated components. In this research, compression tests were carried out with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polycarbonate (PC), at different forming temperatures to determine their behavior law properties. Numerical simulation of the polymer forming processing was carried out by using Abaqus finite element software, taking into account the mechanical properties of both polymers and the characteristics of microchannels. The aim was to analyze the effect of the elastic–viscoplastic properties of the materials on the mold filling rate at different temperatures. Numerical simulation of the HE process with PMMA shows that the mold cavity is completely filled with elastic-viscoplastic behaviors, and the filling rate increases as a function of mold displacement. On the other hand, for PC, the embossed temperature has an influence on the filling ratio of the mold.
Numerical Analysis of Damage and Failure in Anisotropic Sheet Metals During Biaxial Loading
Authors: Brünig Michael , Koirala Sanjeev , Gerke Steffen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the paper, the influence of stress state and loading direction with respect to the principal axes of anisotropy on damage and fracture behavior of the anisotropic aluminum alloy EN AW-2017A is discussed. The focus is on numerical calculations on the micro-level considering void-containing representative volume elements revealing information on damage mechanisms. Using experimental data taken from uniaxial and biaxial tests, material parameters are identified. Based on numerical studies on the micro-scale with differently loaded void-containing cubes, it is shown that the stress state, the load ratio and the loading direction with respect to the principal axes of anisotropy have an influence on evolution of damage processes on the micro-scale and on the corresponding damage strains.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Multi-axial Forging of AA6082 Alloy
Authors: Prabhakar Srijan , Kumar D. Ravi , Aravindan S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMulti-axial forging is a useful technique for producing ultrafine-grained structures in bulk materials by means of severe plastic deformation. The workpiece is subjected to a specific plastic strain in the multi-axial forging process by repeatedly upsetting along all three axes by rotating the sample by 90° between the two passes; this leads to the accumulation of a large plastic strain in the material. The shape of the product does not change, as equal compressive strain is applied in all directions. Severe plastic deformation methods such as multi-axial forging can be used for producing lightweight high-strength Al alloys with ultrafine-grained structures. In this study, as-cast AA6082 has been multiaxially forged with a true strain of 0.1 in each direction, leading to a total effective strain of 0.3 in each cycle. The strain inhomogeneity from center to the surface has been predicted by a finite element simulation of the multi-axial forging with a Voce hardening model, and it has been correlated with an experimentally determined hardness variation. The peak loads in all of the passes have also been compared.
Evaluation of Forming Factors for Titanium Gr. 2 Alloy Sheets with Multistage SPIF Process
Authors: Mulay Amrut , Sameer Vadher 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the vast prospects for automation, incremental sheet forming (ISF) is a reliable sector on which the industry may focus in the future. Due to spring back, poor surface finish, and production time, ISF has yet to apply in broad prospects in mainstream high-value manufacturing sectors. ISF performance is affected by process factors such as vertical step depth, feed rate, spindle speed, forming angle, tool path, intermetallic friction, and bending forces. One of the variants of ISF processes is Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF). The formability of the SPIF process increases by incorporating certain intermediary phases known as Multistage Incremental Sheet Forming (MSPIF). The strain hardening effect that emerged in the distorted sheet alters its deformability. The integration of intermediate results into some new process parameters to address in this work includes the number of stages, angle interval between the stages, and tool diameter. The present research focuses on the influence of process parameters on section thickness, equivalent plastic strain, and spring back. A simulation study of various process parameters of multistage forming and their effects on multistage incremental forming performance were evaluated.
Spindle black holes and theories of class $$ \mathcal{F} $$
Authors: Hristov Kiril , Suh Minwoo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We construct solutions in the form of AdS2 × Σ, where Σ denotes a spindle geometry, within a particular 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 gauged supergravity with vector multiplets and a charged hypermultiplet stemming from a consistent truncation of 6d matter coupled F(4) gauged supergravity on a Riemann surface. We also compute the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for the presumed asymptotically AdS4 black hole solutions, providing a dual prediction for the spindle index of 3d superconformal field theories falling under the class $$ \mathcal{F} $$
F
. Notably, the gravitational block description of the solutions accurately replicates the entropy and the values of scalar fields at the two orbifold points of the spindle, validating our findings.
When left and right disagree: entropy and von Neumann algebras in quantum gravity with general AlAdS boundary conditions
Authors: Marolf Donald , Zhang Daiming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Euclidean path integrals for UV-completions of d-dimensional bulk quantum gravity were recently studied in [1] by assuming that they satisfy axioms of finiteness, reality, continuity, reflection-positivity, and factorization. Sectors $$ {\mathcal{H}}_{\mathcal{B}} $$

H
B

of the resulting Hilbert space were then defined for any (d − 2)-dimensional surface $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
, where $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
may be thought of as the boundary ∂Σ of a bulk Cauchy surface in a corresponding Lorentzian description, and where $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
includes the specification of appropriate boundary conditions for bulk fields. Cases where $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
was the disjoint union B ⊔ B of two identical (d − 2)-dimensional surfaces B were studied in detail and, after the inclusion of finite-dimensional ‘hidden sectors,’ were shown to provide a Hilbert space interpretation of the associated Ryu-Takayanagi entropy. The analysis was performed by constructing type-I von Neumann algebras $$ {\mathcal{A}}_L^B $$

A
L
B

, $$ {\mathcal{A}}_R^B $$

A
R
B

that act respectively at the left and right copy of B in B ⊔ B.Below, we consider the case of general $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
, and in particular for $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
= BL ⊔ BR with BL, BR distinct. For any BR, we find that the von Neumann algebra at BL acting on the off-diagonal Hilbert space sector $$ {\mathcal{H}}_{B_L\bigsqcup {B}_R} $$

H

B
L

⊔

B
R

is a central projection of the corresponding type-I von Neumann algebra on the ‘diagonal’ Hilbert space $$ {\mathcal{H}}_{B_L\bigsqcup {B}_L} $$

H

B
L

⊔

B
L

. As a result, the von Neumann algebras $$ {\mathcal{A}}_L^{B_L} $$

A
L

B
L

, $$ {\mathcal{A}}_R^{B_L} $$

A
R

B
L

defined in [1] using the diagonal Hilbert space $$ {\mathcal{H}}_{B_L\bigsqcup {B}_L} $$

H

B
L

⊔

B
L

turn out to coincide precisely with the analogous algebras defined using the full Hilbert space of the theory (including all sectors $$ {\mathcal{H}}_{\mathcal{B}} $$

H
B

). A second implication is that, for any $$ {\mathcal{H}}_{B_L\bigsqcup {B}_R} $$

H

B
L

⊔

B
R

, including the same hidden sectors as in the diagonal case again provides a Hilbert space interpretation of the Ryu-Takayanagi entropy. We also show the above central projections to satisfy consistency conditions that lead to a universal central algebra relevant to all choices of BL and BR.
Tissue Distribution and Toxicological Risk Assessment of Mercury and Other Elements in Northern Populations of Wolverine (Gulo gulo)
Authors: Chételat John , Jung Thomas S. , Awan Malik , Baryluk Steven , Harrower William , Kukka Piia M. , McClelland Christine , Mowat Garth , Pelletier Nicolas , Rodford Christine , Stimmelmayr Raphaela 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWolverines are facultative scavengers that feed near the top of terrestrial food chains. We characterized concentrations of mercury and other trace elements in tissues of wolverine from a broad geographic area, representing much of their contemporary distribution in northwestern North America. We obtained tissues from 504 wolverines, from which mercury was measured on muscle (n = 448), kidney (n = 222), liver (n = 148), hair (n = 130), and brain (n = 52). In addition, methylmercury, seven trace elements (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, nickel, selenium), and arsenic compounds were measured on a subset of samples. Concentrations of mercury and other trace elements varied between tissues and were generally highest in kidney compared to brain, liver and muscle. Mercury was predominately as methylmercury in brain and muscle, but largely as inorganic mercury in liver and kidney. Mercury concentrations of hair were moderately correlated with those of internal tissues (Pearson r = 0.51–0.75, p ≤ 0.004), making hair a good non-lethal indicator of broad spatial or temporal differences in mercury exposure to wolverine. Arsenobetaine was the dominant arsenic compound identified in tissues, and arsenite, arsenocholine and dimethylarsinic acid were also detected. A preliminary risk assessment suggested the cadmium, lead, mercury, and selenium concentrations in our sample of wolverines were not likely to pose a risk of overt toxicological effects. This study generated a comprehensive dataset on mercury and other trace elements in wolverine, which will support future contaminants study of this northern terrestrial carnivore.
Does the development environment cause the pace of life to change in a rainforest lizard?
Authors: Buchholz Kali M. , Goulet Celine T. , de Jong Madeleine , Hart Wesley , Llewelyn John , Phillips Ben L. , Chapple David G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLife history theory emphasizes that finite resources result in allocation trade-offs among the competing interests of self-maintenance, growth, reproduction, and survival. Environmental conditions, particularly during development, can influence these life history trade-offs, leading to the coupling of physiological and behavioural traits with life history strategies. Thus, populations may vary in the pattern of trait covariation, clustering along a fast-slow continuum, termed the extended pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) theory. We aimed to test how variation in ecological conditions influence life history trade-offs and their association with behaviour and physiology by comparing captive bred and wild-collected southern rainforest sunskink (Lampropholis similis). The captive bred skinks were the offspring of the wild-caught skinks, and all tests were conducted in the laboratory. We found that the groups differed, on average, in growth rate, body condition, thermal preferences, sprint performance, and activity. Counter to our expectation, wild-caught skinks exhibited a faster pace of life relative to captive-bred skinks despite experiencing more challenging environmental conditions. Furthermore, life history trade-offs were not detected, nor were traits correlated to form the syndrome. Studies are needed to identify the proximate mechanisms causing life history trade-offs and how they lead to the coupling, or decoupling, of physiological and behavioural traits. Such information will provide vital insight into how ecological forces drive the evolution of traits.
Development of the basic architecture of neocortical circuitry in the human fetus as revealed by the coupling spatiotemporal pattern of synaptogenesis along with microstructure and macroscale in vivo MR imaging
Authors: Kostović Ivica 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn humans, a quantifiable number of cortical synapses appears early in fetal life. In this paper, we present a bridge across different scales of resolution and the distribution of synapses across the transient cytoarchitectonic compartments: marginal zone (MZ), cortical plate (CP), subplate (SP), and in vivo MR images. The tissue of somatosensory cortex (7–26 postconceptional weeks (PCW)) was prepared for electron microscopy, and classified synapses with a determined subpial depth were used for creating histograms matched to the histological sections immunoreacted for synaptic markers and aligned to in vivo MR images (1.5 T) of corresponding fetal ages (maternal indication). Two time periods and laminar patterns of synaptogenesis were identified: an early and midfetal two-compartmental distribution (MZ and SP) and a late fetal three-compartmental distribution (CP synaptogenesis). During both periods, a voluminous, synapse-rich SP was visualized on the in vivo MR. Another novel finding concerns the phase of secondary expansion of the SP (13 PCW), where a quantifiable number of synapses appears in the upper SP. This lamina shows a T2 intermediate signal intensity below the low signal CP. In conclusion, the early fetal appearance of synapses shows early differentiation of putative genetic mechanisms underlying the synthesis, transport and assembly of synaptic proteins. “Pioneering” synapses are likely to play a morphogenetic role in constructing of fundamental circuitry architecture due to interaction between neurons. They underlie spontaneous, evoked, and resting state activity prior to ex utero experience. Synapses can also mediate genetic and environmental triggers, adversely altering the development of cortical circuitry and leading to neurodevelopmental disorders.
Explainable multi-layer COSFIRE filters robust to corruptions and boundary attack with application to retina and palmprint biometrics
Authors: Apap Adrian , Bhole Amey , Fernández-Robles Laura , Castejón-Limas Manuel , Azzopardi George 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe propose a novel and versatile computational approach, based on hierarchical COSFIRE filters, that addresses the challenge of explainable retina and palmprint recognition for automatic person identification. Unlike traditional systems that treat these biometrics separately, our method offers a unified solution, leveraging COSFIRE filters’ trainable nature for enhanced selectivity and robustness, while exhibiting explainability and resilience to decision-based black-box adversarial attack and partial matching. COSFIRE filters are trainable, in that their selectivity can be determined with a one-shot learning step. In practice, we configure a COSFIRE filter that is selective for the mutual spatial arrangement of a set of automatically selected keypoints of each retina or palmprint reference image. A query image is then processed by all COSFIRE filters and it is classified with the reference image that was used to configure the COSFIRE filter that gives the strongest similarity score. Our approach, tested on the VARIA and RIDB retina datasets and the IITD palmprint dataset, achieved state-of-the-art results, including perfect classification for retina datasets and a 97.54% accuracy for the palmprint dataset. It proved robust in partial matching tests, achieving over 94% accuracy with 80% image visibility and over 97% with 90% visibility, demonstrating effectiveness with incomplete biometric data. Furthermore, while effectively resisting a decision-based black-box adversarial attack and impervious to imperceptible adversarial images, it is only susceptible to highly perceptible adversarial images with severe noise, which pose minimal concern as they can be easily detected through histogram analysis in preprocessing. In principle, the proposed learning-free hierarchical COSFIRE filters are applicable to any application that requires the identification of certain spatial arrangements of moderately complex features, such as bifurcations and crossovers. Moreover, the selectivity of COSFIRE filters is highly intuitive; and therefore, they provide an explainable solution.
Continuous glycemic monitoring in managing diabetes in adult patients with wolfram syndrome
Authors: Zmysłowska Agnieszka , Grzybowska-Adamowicz Julia , Michalak Arkadiusz , Wykrota Julia , Szadkowska Agnieszka , Młynarski Wojciech , Fendler Wojciech 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aims
In this study we evaluated the use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring system in adults with insulin-dependent diabetes in the course of Wolfram syndrome (WFS) in comparison to patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods
Individuals with WFS (N = 10) used continuous glucose monitoring for 14 days and were compared with 30 patients with T1D matched using propensity score for age and diabetes duration. Glycemic variability was calculated with Glyculator 3.0.

Results
We revealed significant differences in glycemic indices between adults with Wolfram syndrome-related diabetes and matched comparison group. Patients with Wolfram syndrome presented lower mean glucose in 24-h and nighttime records [24h: 141.1 ± 30.4mg/dl (N = 10) vs 164.9 ± 31.3mg/dl (N = 30), p = 0.0427; nighttime: 136.7 ± 39.6mg/dl vs 166.2 ± 32.1mg/dl (N = 30), p = 0.0442]. Moreover, they showed lower standard deviation of sensor glucose over all periods [24h: 50.3 ± 9.2mg/dl (N = 10) vs 67.7 ± 18.7 mg/dl (N = 30), p = 0.0075; daytime: 50.8 ± 8.7mg/dl (N = 10) vs 67.4 ± 18.0mg/dl (N = 30), p = 0.0082; nighttime: 45.1 ± 14.9mg/dl (N = 10) vs 65.8 ± 23.2mg/dl (n = 30), p = 0.0119] and coefficient of variation at night [33.3 ± 5.8% (N = 10) vs 40.5 ± 8.8% (N = 30), p = 0.0210]. Additionally, WFS patients displayed lower time in high-range hyperglycemia (> 250mg/dl) across all parts of day [24h: 4.6 ± 3.8% (N = 10) vs 13.4 ± 10.5% (N = 30), p = 0.0004; daytime: 4.7 ± 3.9% (N = 10) vs 13.8 ± 11.2% (N = 30), p = 0.0005; nighttime: 4.2 ± 5.5% (N = 10) vs 12.1 ± 10.3% (N = 30), p = 0.0272].

Conclusions
Adult patients with Wolfram syndrome show lower mean blood glucose, less extreme hyperglycemia, and lower glycemic variability in comparison to patients with type 1 diabetes.