bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine—A Potential Interference in the Detection of Explosives Traces
Authors: Hiley RW 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A strong peak was encountered in the analysis of a case sample for explosives traces by gas chromatography with chemiluminescence detection. According to the standard laboratory criteria, the peak did not coincide with any common explosive, but it lay close to pentaerythyritol (PETN) and cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX). Subsequent investigation discovered that the peak was caused by dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, a chemical blowing agent used in plastics manufacture. Details of the compound, its mass spectrum, and chromatographic responses are given.
An Update on the Use of the Sodium Rhodizonate Test for the Detection of Lead Originating from Firearm Discharges
Authors: Bartsch MR , Kobus HJ , Wainwright KP 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
We have made a comprehensive investigation of the chemistry associated with the Sodium Rhodizonate Test for particulate lead deposited on surfaces as a consequence of a firearm discharge. This has been directed at addressing some of the problems that have hitherto compromised the value of this test to forensic science. In particular, we have found that aqueous solutions of sodium rhodizonate are considerably more stable if stored below pH 3. The rhodizonate dianion is then diprotonated, forming rhodizonic acid, and the half-life of the solution increases from about one hour to about ten hours. By ensuring that the area to be examined is pretreated with tartrate buffer so that its pH is adjusted to 2.8 prior to treatment with rhodizonic acid, the formation of a nondiagnostic purple complex, instead of the desired scarlet complex, is avoided. Whereas the scarlet complex changes to a blue-violet complex, upon secondary treatment with 5% HCl, which is diagnostic of the presence of lead, the purple complex decolorises completely under these conditions and thus its formation represents wastage of lead from within the test area and is associated with the fading problem that has previously plagued the test. The fading of the blue-violet complex can be eliminated by removing excess HCl, by means of a hair drier once the color has fully developed.
Flow Chart HLA-DQA1 Genotyping and Its Application to a Forensic Case
Authors: Pai C-Y , Chou S-L , Yang C-H , Tang TK 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The detection of genetic polymorphism has become increasingly important in forensic science as well as in medical genetics. In this report, we describe a systematic flow chart system for HLA-DQA1 genotyping by an improved PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) method coupled with the PRSM (PCR-mediated restriction site modification) method. This flow chart typing system can easily discriminate between a total of eight reported DQA1 alleles commonly found in Chinese. We have applied this flow chart typing system in a forensic case as well as in the determination of the frequencies of the eight DQA1 alleles in 121 unrelated Taiwan Chinese subjects. Our results show that the flow chart DQA1 genotyping is a simple, fast, and accurate system which, in the future, may be considered as an alternative method for routine individual identification in forensic casework, and for paternity testing and tissue typing in medical genetics.
Visualization Fluids: The Search for an Inexpensive Alternative to Chlorinated Fluorocarbons
Authors: Burkes TM 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The restrictions being placed on chlorinated fluorocarbons by the U.S. Government are driving the need to find a suitable alternative for use as a visualization fluid.
Visualization fluid is the term given to fluids that will make paper translucent with little or no damage to paper, ink, correction fluid, or photographs.
Light petroleum distillates have been the most successful visualization fluids tested to date; however, they are not as effective as chlorinated fluorocarbons, especially with permanent marker inks, carbon, paper, and NCR paper.
Development of a Fluoroimmunoassay for the Detection of Buprenorphine in Urine
Authors: Debrabandere L , Van Boven M , Daenens P 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The development of a fluoroimmunoassay for the detection of buprenorphine in urine samples is described. Fluore-scein-norbuprenorphine and pseudobuprenorphine, the dimer of buprenorphine, were synthesized as tracer molecules. The antibodies were prepared by coupling the 2-diazobenzoic acid derivative of buprenorphine with bovine serum albumine, using the carbodiimide method. The assay was mainly used for the routine detection of buprenorphine in urine specimens of persons suspected of Temgesic® abuse. The minimum detectable dose of the immunoassay was calculated to be 20 ng/mL.
The Location of Hyoid Fractures in Strangulation Revealed by Xeroradiography
Authors: Pollanen MS , Bulger B , Chiasson DA 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The location of 19 fractures of 15 hyoid bones was studied from 13 cases of manual strangulation and two cases of hanging. The precise location of the fractures were determined by xeroradiography of isolated hyoid bones. To classify the location of the fractures, the greater cornu was divided into anterior, middle, and posterior thirds and the frequency of fracture occurrence in these locations was determined. In addition, the angle of curvature of the greater cornu was determined at the fracture site to ascertain if specific points along the greater cornu were more susceptible to fracture. Fractures were found with equal frequency in the posterior and middle thirds of the hyoid greater cornu (9/19, 47% for both posterior and middle) but were rare in the anterior portion (1/19, 5%). However, all fractures occurred between 30° and 60° of curvature of the hyoid and most fractures (∼60%) were found at ∼50°. These results indicate that fractures of the hyoid occur at vulnerable angles of curvature of the hyoid bone which, due to anatomic variation in hyoid shape, do not necessarily occur at specific segments of the hyoid bone. On this basis, although the presence of the hyoid fracture in strangulation is determined by the rigidity of the bone, the specific location is determined by the shape of the greater cornu.
Autopsy Cases Among Patients with Mental Disorders: An Unusual Case of Asphyxia Caused by the Iron Roller of a Garbage Truck
Authors: Hayase T , Matsumoto H , Ojima K , Matsubayashi K , Nakamura C , Abiru H , Fukui Y 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A case of asphyxia of a young man suffering from “Identity Disorder” as delineated by the DSM-III-R (American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders revised in 1987) is reported. The patient jumped into the drum of a garbage truck and the iron roller in the drum asphyxiated him by compression. In addition to the presentation of this rare category of the DSM-III-R disorders as an autopsy case and an unusual means of asphyxia, we briefly reviewed other autopsy cases of the patients with mental disorders who died in Japan between 1988 and 1992.
Unsuspected Self-Poisoning with Flecainide and Alcohol
Authors: Sadler DW , Quigley C 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The death of a 23-year-old man by suicidal flecainide and alcohol poisoning is reported. Flecainide was identified by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Flecainide levels, quantitated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection were: femoral blood 7.3 mg/L, urine 117 mg/L, stomach contents 19 mg and liver 302 mg/kg. Ethanol levels in femoral blood, urine and vitreous humor were 107, 136 and 113 mg%, respectively. The importance of carefully considering all the available pathological and toxicological data, together with the past medical history and circumstances surrounding the death in poisoning cases is emphasized.
Long-Term Validation Study of Bitewing Dental Radiographs for Forensic Identification
Authors: Kogon SL , MacLean DF 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The validity of dental bitewing radiographs for forensic identification, with time lapses between the antemortem and postmortem film of up to 30 years, was tested. The ability to match radiographs from the same subject was expressed using sensitivity and specificity statistics. Although the overall accuracy of the observers was extremely high, it was obvious that radiographs from the same individual, when separated by time intervals greater that 20 years, had significantly reduced accuracy.
ABO Genotyping of Suspects from Sperm DNA Isolated from Postcoital Samples in Sex Crimes
Authors: Sasaki M , Shiono H 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In sexual assaults against women, one key to identifying the suspect is ABO phenotyping or the typing of other polymorphic markers of the seminal fluid in the victim's vagina. However, ABO phenotyping is frequently unsuccessful, since mixtures of fluids cannot be separated to be subjected to conventional methods for the detection of antibody or antigen material.
We therefore studied ABO blood group genotyping of sperm DNA isolated from contaminating vaginal fluid by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Seminal samples of genotypes OO, AO, BO and AB were experimentally mixed with vaginal fluid (OO, AO, BO and AB), and were successfully separated and genotyped by this method.
In practice, we also separated and genotyped the seminal DNA of suspects from contaminated postcoital vaginal fluid obtained in 4 sexual assaults. These forensic samples were easily separated and completely genotyped. This reliable ABO genotyping method by PCR-RFLP, using separated sperm DNA, should be of value in forensic identification in sexual assaults.
A Particular Case of Oxidation Colors on Bulb Filament After a Car Crash
Authors: Baudoin P , Lavabre R 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Particular oxidization colorings have been observed after an accident on a filament coil from a Philips type R2 bulb (European type front light). Laboratory tests have been performed in order to try to reproduce these oxidization colorings. The most probable hypothesis is that one of the front lights was flashing just before the accident. As far as we know, such a case has not been reported previously in the literature.
Effects of Interference Between Selected Loci on the Mutation Load, Inbreeding Depression, and Heterosis
Authors: Roze Denis 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
A classical prediction from single-locus models is that inbreeding increases the efficiency of selection against partially recessive deleterious alleles (purging), thereby decreasing the mutation load and level of inbreeding depression. However, previous multilocus simulation studies found that increasing the rate of self-fertilization of individuals may not lead to purging and argued that selective interference among loci causes this effect. In this article, I derive simple analytical approximations for the mutation load and inbreeding depression, taking into account the effects of interference between pairs of loci. I consider two classical scenarios of nonrandomly mating populations: a single population undergoing partial selfing and a subdivided population with limited dispersal. In the first case, correlations in homozygosity between loci tend to reduce mean fitness and increase inbreeding depression. These effects are stronger when deleterious alleles are more recessive, but only weakly depend on the strength of selection against deleterious alleles and on recombination rates. In subdivided populations, interference increases inbreeding depression within demes, but decreases heterosis between demes. Comparisons with multilocus, individual-based simulations show that these analytical approximations are accurate as long as the effects of interference stay moderate, but fail for high deleterious mutation rates and low dominance coefficients of deleterious alleles.
Thermoelectric properties of spark plasma sintered lead telluride nanocubes
Authors: Khasimsaheb Bayikadi , Neeleshwar Sonnathi , Srikanth Mandava , Bathula Sivaiah , Gahtori Bhasker , Srivsatava Avanish Kumar , Dhar Ajay , Sankarakumar Amirthapandian , Panigrahi Binaya Kumar , Bhattacharya Sriparna , Podila Ramakrishna , Rao Apparao M. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
CHANGING THE CONTENT OF TESTOSTERONE IN THE BLOOD OF PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT LEVEL OF FITNESS IN TERMS OF POWER LOAD
Authors: Chernozub A. A. 
Published: August 2015

In the work the results of the research aimed to determine the peculiarities of changes in the content of testosterone in the blood of people of different level of fitness under the influence of acute power load in the process of long trainings athleticism. The surveys were performed with the participation of 20 athletes age of 19-20 years, regularly engaged in athleticism over 3 years, and 20 young men of similar age are not contraindications to study with weights. A change in the level of ability, the morphometric parameters of the organism and the parameters of body composition was evaluated using the techniques of power testing, anthropometry and impedansometriya. Laboratory studies serum testosterone at rest and after the acute power load was carried out during 3 months of practice athleticism. The concentration of testosterone in the blood serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay. During the research it was established that despite the fairly low primary basal level of testosterone (9,89 nmol/l) in blood trained athletes, power load high intensity increase the content of the investigated hormone after a workout in comparison with the state of rest. Such positive dynamics of the level of testosterone in response to an acute power load is observed among non-trained young men. Simultaneously revealed that despite the high level of adaptation of trained athletes to power the load, there is almost identical to the positive dynamics of morphofunctional parameters of members of both groups.
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL MARKERS OF MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS
Authors: Fokin V. F. , Ponomareva N. V. , Kuntsevich G. I. 
Published: August 2015

Aim: to determine electrophysiological markers of middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (BFV). Patients and methods: transcranial Doppler registration of middle cerebral artery BFV and direct current (DC) potentials recording from surface of head were performed in 30 healthy volunteers. Analysis of correlation between the BFV and DC potentials was used. Results: significant correlation between BFV and DC potential characteristics was observed. The highest correlation was found between BFV in middle cerebral artery and the difference of DC potentials between central and temporal areas of head (r =0,55; p =0,003). These areas coincide with the location of middle cerebral artery and the correlation observed may be connected with streaming potential generated by the blood flow in middle cerebral artery. If electrode placement did not coincide with blood current, DC potentials and BFV were not correlated. Conclusions: it is assumed that electrical field created BFV in middle cerebral artery may contribute to the generation of DC potentials registered from the head.
CLINICAL-ANAMNESTIC AND MOLECULAR-GENETIC FACTORS IN DIFFERENT FORMS OF HYPERTENSION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO COURSE AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES
Authors: Chulkov V. S. , Vereina N. K. , Sinitsyn S. P. , Dolgushina V. F. 
Published: August 2015

Aim: to assess of the relationship of clinical and molecular genetic factors in the course and outcome of pregnancy in different forms of hypertension in pregnant women. Patients and methods: a total of 125 pregnant women who were divided into the following groups: with chronic hypertension (n =45), with gestational hypertension (n =20), with pre-eclampsia (n =10), superimposed preeclampsia upon chronic hypertension (n =15) and 35 women without hypertension in control group. Results: in pregnant women with chronic hypertension and superimposed preeclampsia upon chronic hypertension were observed higher incidence of overweight and obesity, smoking before pregnancy and family history of hypertension and thrombosis, the course and outcomes of pregnancy characterized by higher frequency of obstetric complications, higher frequency of polymorphisms of genes identified the renin-angiotensin system, folate cycle and endothelial function. Conclusions: Molecular-genetic factors, combined with the factors of cardiovascular risk may make some contribution to the phenotypic realization of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with different forms of hypertension.
THE STUDY OF MATURATION OF THE AUDITORY ANALYZER RABBIT ACCORDING DISTORTION-PRODUCT OTOACOUSTIC EMISSIONS
Authors: D'yakonova I. N. , Ishanova Yu. S. , Rakhmanova I. V. 
Published: August 2015

Aim: In our chronic experiment to register changes of acoustic response of Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) of intact rabbits in postnatal ontogenesis for the purpose of getting normative data which can be used for studying impact of pathological factors on auditory function and maturation of activity of outer hair cell in ontogenesis. Materials and methods: Study of otoacoustic emissions used mature chinchilla rabbits with a 19 day life of up to 3 months. Results: in the course of ripening were obtained functional activity of outer hair cells of the cochlea. Conclusion: normative data obtained allow us to study using a rabbit model, the pathological effects of agents on the maturation of the outer hair cells of the cochlea in the experiment.
TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PURULENT WOUNDS BY USING THE ORIGINAL METHOD OF HYDRODYNAMICAL DRAINAIGE
Authors: Kazaryan N. S. , Kozlov K. K. , Bykov A. Yu. , Kokorin S. V. , Viktorov S. I. 
Published: August 2015

In this article the work of the Omsk State Medical Academy’s department of general surgery is presented. The aim of study was tot treat patients with purulent and necrotic wounds of soft tissue by using novel hydrodynamical drainaige. In this research 92 patients were taken part, who were inpatient treatment in the department of purulent surgery City Clinical Hospital № 1 named Kabanov A. N. 2010 – 2013 with purulent and necrotic wounds of soft tissue. Clinical, laboratory, cytological, bacteriological monitoring were conducted over the of wound process during the treatment. Assessment of the reliability of differences between the mean value of clinical indicators was with the calculation of the criterion t – Student, the method x2 and Criterion Mann – Whitney U. The proposed method of treatment of purulent wound promotes fast the removal of necrotic tissue and pus in the first phase of the wound process that led to more rapid relief of symptoms of intoxication (fever, leukocytosis and common symptoms) at the patients of the basic group. Due to faster removal of necrotic tissue, reduction of common symptoms of intoxication at the patients of the basic group the transition from degenerative and inflammatory type of cystograms to regenerative occurred one or two days before than in the comparison group.
INDICES OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES (MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1) WITH JUVENILE ARTHRITIS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Kailina A. N. , Ogorodova L. M. , Chasovskikh Yu. P. , Kremer E. E. 
Published: August 2015

One of the perspectives of modern rheumatology is the study of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in juvenile arthritis - enzymes that play a key role in the process of joint destruction. Aim. To analyse the content of matrix MMP-2 and MMP-9 and their tissue inhibitor (TIMP-1) in blood serum and synovial fluid in various embodiments of juvenile arthritis in children. Patients and Methods.The study involved 82 children with juvenile arthritis, and 20 healthy children. The level of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were determined in serum and synovial fluid by ELISA. Results. It was found out that with any form of arthritis serum concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was significantly higher than control values, but the level of MMP-2 in a subset of enthesitis-related arthritis, didn’t differ from the control. Studied parameters in the synovial fluid were much higher than the serum level. With the development of uveitis TIMP-1 in blood serum was lower than in the absence of eye damage. On treatment of patients significant changes in the studied enzymes weren’t established. On a good response to therapy the level of MMP-9 in serum decreased, on the lack of effectiveness – increased. Conclusions. The analysis results confirm the involvement of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the processes of inflammatory changes of the joints in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and reactive arthritis, regardless the patients’sex or age.
MYCOPLASMA AND CHLAMYDIA AS ETHIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN TERMS OF ETHNOGENESIS
Authors: Sharavii O. A. , Smirnova S. V. 
Published: August 2015

Aim. The study of the prevalence and clinical peculiarities of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis in patients with different pathogenic forms of bronchial asthma (BA) taking into account ethnicity of a patient. Subjects and Methods. The research covered 239 subjects – both the Europeoids and the Mongoloids in the city of Krasnoyarsk and the town of Kyzyl, all of them being BA patients of different stages, including acute stage and practically healthy. We had determined antigens Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydophila psittaci and Chlamydia trachomatis in smears of mucosa of pharynx and antibodies to these antigens in peripheral blood serum. Results. We found high frequency of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis in the inhabitants of Eastern Siberia, BA patients with different pathogenic forms as compared to control group. We had determined ethnic peculiarities of specific immune response: IgM to М. pneumoniae was revealed in the Europoids more frequently than in the Mongoloids, but IgM to С. pneumoniae and to C. trachomatis, C. trachomatis antigens had been revealed more often in the Mongoloids than in the Europoids. We accepted as clinical equivalents of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis diagnostics the following signs: temperature around 37C (subfebrile temperature), non-intensive but stable coughing with scanty mucous and muco-purulent sputum, dyspnea of mixed character. Conclusions. Mycoplasma and Chlamydia are meaningful etiologic factors of bronchial asthma. We have found the peculiarities of immune response depending on ethnicity of a patient (ethnic belonging). Clinical markers of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis should be taken into account in bronchial asthma in order to provide diagnostics timely as well as eradication of infection agents. Because of insufficient knowledge of problem of bronchial asthma related to contamination with Мycoplasma and Chlamydia we put the goal to study the frequency of Mycoplasmosis and Chlamydiosis occurrence in bronchial asthma patients and determine the characteristics clinical course of diseases. We defined antigens Мycoplasma pneumoniae, Мycoplasma hominis, Chlamydophila pneumoniaе, Chlamydophila psittaci, Chlamydia trachomatis in smears of oropharynx mucosa and antibodies to them in blood serum.