bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal Trends in Outcome of Oral Squamous Cell Cancer in a Resource-Limited Setting
Authors: Hafeez Bhatti Abu Bakar , Jamshed Arif , Iqbal Hassan , Hafeez Aqsa , Irfan Muhammad , Hameed Sumayya , Jamshed Sarah , Hussain Raza 
Published: October 2015

Aims and background Improving survival has been documented for oral squamous cell carcinoma in recent years. It is a common malignancy in Pakistan but survival outcomes have not been reported. The objective of this study was to determine survival and identify independent predictors in patients with oral squamous cell cancer in 2 different time periods. Methods A retrospective review of patients who received treatment between 2003 and 2012 was performed. Patients were divided into two 5 year groups: group 1 (2003-2007) (n = 628) and group 2 (2008-2012) (n = 920). Demographics, risk factors, treatment approaches, and outcomes were compared. Disease-free and overall survival were calculated. Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine independent predictors of survival. Results A significant difference was present for ethnicity and grade and clinical T and N stage of tumors, with earlier presentation in group 2. More patients underwent surgery (p = 0.001) and had radical treatment intent (p<0.0001) in recent years. Induction chemotherapy (p<0.0001) and palliative chemotherapy (p<0.0001) were used more frequently. No significant difference in disease-free survival was observed but overall 5-year survival improved significantly (23% vs 42%) (p<0.0001). Use of palliative chemotherapy reduced risk of death significantly (hazard ratio [HR] 0.1, confidence interval [CI] 0.02-0.4, p = 0.003), while pathologic nodal positivity significantly increased the risk (HR 2.5, CI 1-5.9, p = 0.03). Conclusions These results from a single cancer hospital demonstrate improvement in overall survival secondary to early detection, better patient selection, and use of palliative chemotherapy in the later period.
VATS lobectomy combined with limited Shaw-Paulson thoracotomy for posterolateral Pancoast tumor
Authors: Rosso Lorenzo , Nosotti Mario , Palleschi Alessandro , Tosi Davide 
Published: October 2015

Purpose Several techniques have been proposed for the challenging surgical resection of Pancoast tumors. We describe a hybrid approach that combines video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy and limited Shaw-Paulson thoracotomy. Methods We report a case of Pancoast tumor in a 57-year-old man, staged as cT3N0M0, that was treated with induction chemoradiotherapy prior to the hybrid surgical approach. After thoracoscopic pleural cavity inspection, an upper right VATS lobectomy by a 3-port standard approach was performed. The chest wall was resected through a limited paravertebral incision, allowing the extraction of the lobe together with the rib segments. The posterior chest wall defect was repaired with a synthetic patch. Results The postoperative period was uneventful and the pain never exceed a score of 3 on a visual analogue scale. Pathological examination revealed nonvital tumor cells in the specimen (ypT0N0M0). The patient is disease free at 6 months’ follow-up. Conclusions With this approach we experienced excellent access to both the apical and hilar structures. Further experiences are needed to validate the role of VATS lobectomy in the multidisciplinary management of posterior Pancoast tumor.
The key role of 18F-FDG PET/CT for correct diagnosis, staging, and treatment in a patient with simultaneous NPC and TB lymphadenitis: case report
Authors: Micera Renato , Simoni Nicola , De Liguoro Mario , Vigo Federica , Grondelli Claudia , Galaverni Marco , Roncali Massimo , Pagano Maria , Iotti Cinzia 
Published: October 2015

Aims and background The coexistence of tuberculous lymphadenitis of the neck region and head and neck cancer is extremely rare. In this clinical situation, the use of positron emission and computed tomography using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG PET/CT) may facilitate the differentiation between malignancy and tuberculosis. Case Report We present a case of an Eastern European man with nasopharyngeal cancer and concurrent tuberculous lymphadenitis. Results and conclusion The adequate and critical interpretation of pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT scan addressed the multidisciplinary team to the proper staging of disease and to the correct therapeutic approach.
Radiotherapy for Early-Stage Prostate Cancer in Men under 70 Years of Age
Authors: Bellavita Rita , Scricciolo Melissa , Bini Vittorio , Arcidiacono Fabio , Montesi Giampaolo , Lancellotta Valentina , Zucchetti Claudio , Lupattelli Marco , Palumbo Isabella , Aristei Cynthia 
Published: October 2015

Aims To demonstrate that radiotherapy (RT) is a valid alternative to surgery in men ≤70 years old with localized prostate cancer. Methods From 1988 to 2009, 214 patients with T1-2 N0 M0 prostate cancer were treated with RT. The effects of patient- and treatment-related risk factors on toxicity were investigated. Results Median follow-up was 105 months (range 14.2-180). The 5-, 10-, and 15-year biochemical relapse-free survival for all 214 patients was 80%, 61.9%, and 57.5%, respectively. In bivariate analysis, age (≤65 vs 65-70 years) was not a significant factor for biochemical relapse, while radiation dose was (p = 0.05) in multivariate analysis. Cancer-specific survival rates at 5, 10, and 15 years were 98.4%, 93.2%, and 69.7%, respectively. Median overall survival (OS) was 167 months (95% confidence interval 147.3-186.7). The OS rates at 5, 10, and 15 years were 91.8%, 75.8%, and 42.5%, respectively. Acute genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities occurred in 105 (49%) and 98 patients (45.8%), respectively, with only 2 cases of grade III GI toxicity. Late GU and GI toxicities occurred in 17 (7.9%) and 20 (9.3%) patients, respectively, with 1 grade III GI toxicity and 2 grade III GU toxicities. Risk factors for late toxicity were age and RT dose and technique, which were unrelated to acute toxicity. Conclusions Age ≤70 years does not consistently confer a negative prognosis for localized prostate cancer. Radiotherapy appears to be a viable alternative to surgery, offering excellent long-term cancer control.
Lactate Dehydrogenase and Body Mass Index are Prognostic Factors in Patients with Recurrent Small Cell Lung Cancer Receiving Amrubicin
Authors: Inomata Minehiko , Hayashi Ryuji , Tokui Kotaro , Taka Chihiro , Okazawa Seisuke , Kambara Kenta , Ichikawa Tomomi , Yamada Tom , Miwa Toshiro , Kashii Tatsuhiko , Matsui Shoko , Tobe Kazuyuki 
Published: October 2015

Aims and Background Amrubicin monotherapy can be an effective treatment option for patients with recurrent small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We conducted this retrospective study to investigate the prognostic factors in patients with recurrent SCLC receiving amrubicin monotherapy. Methods The associations between survival and clinical data, including the performance status, body mass index (BMI), plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, and plasma neuron-specific enolase level, were evaluated in patients with recurrent SCLC, and a subset analysis of patients with platinum-resistant disease was conducted. Results In all, 37 patients were evaluated. The median survival from the date of initiation of amrubicin monotherapy was 9.1 months (95% confidence interval 4.7–12.0 months). Multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional hazard model identified the plasma LDH level (p = 0.049), BMI (p = 0.031), and platinum resistance (p = 0.032) as independent factors associated with survival. The same associations were also observed in the subset of patients with platinum-resistant disease. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the plasma LDH level and BMI may be useful prognostic factors in patients with SCLC receiving amrubicin monotherapy, including patients with platinum-resistant disease.
The Public Perception of Cyber-surveillance Before and After Edward Snowden’s Surveillance Revelations
Authors: Završnik Aleš , Levičnik Pia 
Published: October 2015

The article contextualizes contemporary cyber-surveillance practices in the light of Edward Snowden’s revelations of massive espionage by intelligences services and shows the results of an online survey on the public perceptions of privacy in public telecommunication networks in Slovenia. The results relate to types and frequency of victimization; self-reported study on violating of the privacy of others; concern for the protection of one’s own privacy; perception of those carrying out surveillance; the value of privacy; views on abrogated data retention regulation; and awarness of personal data protection remedies.Despite growing distrust of large internet corporations and – after Edward Snowden’s revelations – Intelligence agencies, the findings indicate a low degree of awareness and care for the protection of personal data. In regard to the perception of primary subjects of surveillance, 56 percent of respondents chose internet corporations as the greatest threat to their privacy, followed by telecommunications companies (25 percent), and shops with loyalty programs (23 percent). According to chi-square and Cramer's coefficient calculations, gender correlation is weak, but men feel more threatened by foreign intelligence services and the Slovene Intelligence and Security Agency. By comparing responses before and after the Datagate affair, we noted that prior to this date, only a handful of people felt threatened by foreign or domestic intelligence agencies. An increased feeling of threat after this date is evident in men as well as women.
A Mobile Health Service to Manage Diabetic Foot in Homeless Patients
Authors: Matteoli Marco , Scaringi Claudia , Carella Paola , Fruttaldo Luca , Angeloni Ulrico , Laurenza Massimo 
Published: October 2015

Background
Homeless people live in poverty, with limited access to public health services. They are likely to experience chronic medical conditions, such as diabetes mellitus; however, they do not always receive the necessary services to prevent complications. This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of a volunteer health service outreach to reduce disparity in diabetic foot care for homeless people.

Methods
The research was conducted on 21 patients with diabetic ulcers of 930 homeless people visited between 2008 and 2013. Each ulcer was treated with regular medication every week for a mean ± SD of 17.6 ± 12 months. The inclusion criteria were 1) homeless with a previous diagnosis of diabetes or a blood glucose level greater than 126 mg/dL at first check and 2) foot ulcer caused by diabetic vasculopathy or neuropathy. The efficacy of the interventions was assessed against the number of successfully cured diabetic feet based on a reduced initial Wagner classification score for each ulcer.

Results
Clinical improvement was observed in 18 patients (86%), whose pathologic condition was completely resolved after 3 years and, therefore, no longer needed medication. One patient died of septic shock and kidney failure, and two patients needed amputation owing to clinical worsening of ulcers (Wagner class 4 at the last visit).

Conclusions
Most homeless people who have diabetes and diabetic foot encounter many difficulties managing their disease, and a volunteer health-care unit could be a suitable option to bridge these gaps.
Plate Fixation of Proximal Fifth Metatarsal Fracture
Authors: Kadar Assaf , Ankory Ran , Karpf Ronen , Luger Elhanan , Elias Shlomo 
Published: October 2015

Background
Intramedullary screw fixation of fractures of the proximal fifth metatarsal bone may not be satisfactory in comminuted fractures or when the lateral metatarsal bowing has to be restored. We report our experience with plate fixation in these circumstances.

Methods
Between June 1, 2009, and January 31, 2013, 13 patients who had comminuted fracture or nonunion of fracture of the proximal fifth metatarsal bone underwent plate fixation. Study patients were followed up for a mean of 500 days (range, 51–1238 days). Their medical records and radiographs were retrospectively reviewed for demographic and operative data and radiologic evidence of fracture healing. At their most recent follow-up, patients were evaluated for pain levels with a visual analog scale, for foot function with the Foot and Ankle Disability Index, and for quality of life with the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey.

Results
Fracture union was evident in 12 patients after a mean of 56.8 days (range, 30–92 days). There was only one major complication of sural nerve neuroma and reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Four patients required reoperation for plate removal. Plate fixation of proximal fifth metatarsal comminuted fractures is associated with high union rates, relief of pain, and patient satisfaction. However, plate removal for various reasons was required in approximately one-third of the study patients. This high revision rate might be avoided by better selection of patients and meticulous intraoperative identification and preservation of the sural nerve.

Conclusions
We recommend reserving plate fixation for proximal fifth metatarsal fractures for cases of laterally bowed fifth metatarsal or comminuted fractures.
Candida albicans Immunotherapy for Verrucae Plantaris
Authors: Vlahovic Tracey C. , Spadone Samuel , Dunn S. Patrick , Fussell Tara , Hersh Ian , Green Tyson , Merrill Jeff , Ghosh Payel , Tran Tran 
Published: October 2015

Background
Verrucae plantaris is a viral disease caused by human papilloma virus that is commonly seen in the office setting and is often challenging to treat owing to its high recurrence rate and recalcitrant profile. Candida albicans intralesional injections have been hypothesized to incite an immunogenic response toward the virus.

Methods
We report on the immunotherapeutic effect of intralesional injection of C albicans into plantar verrucae with a retrospective medical record analysis of 80 patients. Using a luer-lock syringe, 0.1 to 0.3 mL of C albicans antigen was injected into either the first known lesion or the largest lesion.

Results
The success rate of intralesional C albicans, defined as total clearance of the lesion, was 65%, which may be underestimated because patients lost to follow-up were included in the 35% failure rate. It was also found that female patients with a previous tissue-destructive treatment process were more than four times more likely to respond to C albicans therapy, whereas this effect was less pronounced in the male patient population.

Conclusions
These results indicate that a series of intralesional injections of C albicans is an effective and efficient method of treatment for verrucae plantaris.
Efinaconazole Topical Solution, 10%
Authors: Markinson Bryan , Caldwell Bryan 
Published: October 2015

Background
We sought to evaluate the efficacy of efinaconazole topical solution, 10%, in patients with onychomycosis and coexisting tinea pedis.

Methods
We analyzed 1,655 patients, aged 18 to 70 years, randomized (3:1) to receive efinaconazole topical solution, 10%, or vehicle from two identical multicenter, double-blind, vehicle-controlled 48-week studies evaluating safety and efficacy. The primary end point was complete cure rate (0% clinical involvement of the target toenail and negative potassium hydroxide examination and fungal culture findings) at week 52. Three groups were compared: patients with onychomycosis and coexisting interdigital tinea pedis on-study (treated or left untreated) and those with no coexisting tinea pedis.

Results
Treatment with efinaconazole topical solution, 10%, was significantly more effective than vehicle use irrespective of the coexistence of tinea pedis or its treatment. Overall, 352 patients with onychomycosis (21.3%) had coexisting interdigital tinea pedis, with 215 of these patients (61.1%) receiving investigator-approved topical antifungal agents for their tinea pedis in addition to their randomized onychomycosis treatment. At week 52, efinaconazole complete cure rates of 29.4% were reported in patients with onychomycosis when coexisting tinea pedis was treated compared with 16.1% when coexisting tinea pedis was not treated. Both cure rates were significant compared with vehicle (P = .003 and .045, respectively), and in the latter subgroup, no patients treated with vehicle achieved a complete cure.

Conclusions
Treatment of coexisting tinea pedis in patients with onychomycosis enhances the efficacy of once-daily topical treatment with efinaconazole topical solution, 10%.
O ESTRANGEIRO PARA A ACADEMIA DE ARTES E CIÊNCIAS CINEMATOGRÁFICAS DE HOLLYWOOD: OS VENCEDORES DO OSCAR DE MELHOR FILME EM LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA (2005 - 2014)
Authors: Bona Rafael Jose , Frazão Jéssica Pereira 
Published: October 2015

<p>O mais conhecido prêmio do cinema mundial, o Oscar (Academy Awards), sempre representou um objeto de desejo para os cinemas de todas as nações. A inscrição de um longa metragem na categoria de Melhor Filme em Língua Estrangeira é, no mínimo, uma questão política. Esta pesquisa constitui-se de uma análise fílmica dos filmes vencedores da categoria de Melhor Filme em Língua Estrangeira, no Oscar de 2005 a 2014. Com os resultados alcançados, foi possível observar o entendimento que a Academia de Hollywood faz do estrangeiro no cinema. Além disso, foi possível ter a compreensão sobre o processo de escolha de um filme em detrimento de outros e se há características comuns aos longa metragens vencedores. <strong></strong></p>
O GÊNERO “NOTÍCIA” SOB A PERSPECTIVA DIALÓGICA DE BAKHTIN
Authors: Gubert Antonio Luiz 
Published: October 2015

<p>Este artigo trata da análise relacional dos pressupostos teóricos encontrados em Bakhtin (2003) sobre dialogismo na linguagem, a partir da análise um exemplar do gênero discursivo “notícia”. No estudo, buscamos situar afirmativas da teoria bakhtiniana no texto-modelo, relacionando as vozes dos autores e os impactos possíveis nos interlocutores. </p>
Temporal variability of particulate organic carbon in the lower Changjiang (Yangtze River) in the post‐Three Gorges Dam period: Links to anthropogenic and climate impacts
Authors: Wu Ying , Bao Hongyan , Yu Hao , Zhang Jing , Kattner Gerhard 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSuspended particles from the lower Changjiang were collected monthly from 2003 to 2011, which corresponds to the three construction periods of the Three Gorges Dam. Organic carbon (%OC), organic carbon to total nitrogen molar ratio, stable carbon isotope, and terrestrial biomarkers were examined. Rating curve studies were applied for the temporal trend analysis. The composition of particulate lignin phenols exhibited clear annual and periodic variations but only minor seasonal changes. Lignin phenol ratios (vanillyl/syringyl and cinnamyl/vanillyl) indicated that the terrigenous organic matter (OM) was primarily composed of woody and nonwoody tissue derived from angiosperm plants. The low‐lignin phenol yields (Λ8) in combination with higher acid to aldehyde ratios reflected a substantial contribution from soil OM to the particle samples or modifications during river transport. The temporal shift of the lignin phenol vegetation index with the sediment load during the flood seasons revealed particulate organic matter (POM) erosion from soils and the impact of hydrodynamic processes. The dam operations affected the seasonal variability of terrigenous OM fluxes, although the covariation of lignin and sediment loads with discharged water implies that unseasonal extreme conditions and climate change most likely had larger influences, because decreases in the sediment load and lignin flux alter the structure and composition of particulate OM (POM) on interannual time scales, indicating that they may be driven by climate variability. The modification of the composition and structure of POM will have significant impacts on regional carbon cycles and marine ecosystems.
How hydrology determines seasonal and interannual variations in water table depth, surface energy exchange, and water stress in a tropical peatland: Modeling versus measurements
Authors: Mezbahuddin M. , Grant R. F. , Hirano T. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSoil carbon stocks in tropical peatlands have declined recently from water table depth (WTD) drawdown caused by increased frequency and intensity of climate extremes like El Niño and by artificial drainage. Restoration of these carbon stocks under these climatic and anthropogenic disturbances requires improved predictive capacity for hydrological feedbacks to ecological processes. Process‐based modeling of tropical peatland ecohydrology could provide us with such capacity, but such modeling has thus far been limited. We aimed at using basic processes for water and O2 transport and their effects on ecosystem water, carbon, and nitrogen cycling to model seasonal and interannual variations of WTD and surface energy exchange. We tested these processes in a process‐based model ecosys in a drained tropical Indonesian peatland from an El Niño year 2002 to a wetter year 2005. WTD was modeled from hydraulically driven water transfers controlled vertically by precipitation versus evapotranspiration (ET) and laterally by discharge versus recharge to or from an external reference WTD. These transfers caused WTD drawdown and soil drying to be modeled during dry seasons, which reduced ET and increased Bowen ratio by lowering stomatal conductance. More pronounced dry seasons in drier years 2002–2004 versus wetter year 2005 caused deeper WTD, more intense peat drying, and greater plant water stress. These modeled trends were well corroborated by site measurements as apparent in regression statistics of modeled versus observed WTD (R2 > 0.8), latent heat (R2 > 0.8), and sensible heat (R2 > 0.7) fluxes. Insights gained from this modeling would aid in predicting the fate of tropical peatlands under future drier climates.
Multipath propagation of low‐frequency radio waves inferred from high‐resolution array analysis
Authors: Füllekrug Martin , Smith Nathan , Mezentsev Andrew , Watson Robert , Astin Ivan , Gaffet Stéphane , Evans Adrian , Rycroft Michael 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe low‐frequency radio sky shows the locations of electromagnetic radio sources with a characteristic dilution of precision. Here we report a thorough high‐resolution analysis of radio waves from low‐frequency (∼20–150 kHz) radio communication transmitters which are recorded with a small aperture array of radio receivers during the day. It is found that the observed dilution of precision results from the array geometry of the radio receivers, a birefringent wave propagation, and the correlated multipath propagation of low‐frequency radio waves. The influence of the array geometry on the dilution of precision is reduced by taking into account the impulse response of the array. This procedure reveals for the very first time the splitting of one single radio source into two distinct source locations separated by ∼0.2°–1.9° which result from a birefringent wave propagation. The two locations are yet more clearly identified by using the polarity of the modulated wave number vectors of the radio waves. This polarity is also used to quantify the dilution of precision arising from correlated multipath propagation which is discriminated against wave number fluctuations arising from the timing accuracy of the radio receivers. It is found that ∼69% of the wave number variability is of natural origin and ∼31% originates from the timing accuracy of the receivers. The wave number variability from correlated multipath propagation results in a standard deviation ∼2–8% relative to the source location. This compact measurement of correlated multipath propagation is used to characterize the uncertainty of source locations in the radio sky. The identification of correlated multipath propagation strongly suggests the existence of very fast processes acting on time scales <1 ms in the D region ionosphere with physically meaningful effects on low‐frequency radio wave propagation. This important result has implications for practical applications in that the observed multipath propagation enables the determination of natural limits for the accuracy of navigation and lightning location methods using low‐frequency radio waves.