bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of eustachian tube function by tissue‐engineered regeneration of mastoid air cells
Authors: Kanemaru Shin‐ichi , Umeda Hiroo , Yamashita Masaru , Hiraumi Harukazu , Hirano Shigeru , Nakamura Tatsuo , Ito Juichi 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Most cases of chronic otitis media (OMC) are associated with poor development of the mastoid air cells (MACs) and poor Eustachian tube (ET) function. We have previously reported that MAC regeneration can effectively eliminate intractable OMC. In this study, we assessed the ability of regenerated MACs to restore normal gas exchange function and contribute to improved ET function.Study Design:Clinical trial with control.Setting:General hospitals.Materials and Methods:Seventy‐six patients with OMC, including cholesteatoma and adhesive otitis media, received tympanoplasty and MAC regeneration therapy. At the first‐stage of tympanoplasty, artificial pneumatic bones and/or autologous bone fragments were implanted into the opened mastoid cavity. At the 2nd‐stage operation, a nitrous oxide (N2O) gas study was performed in 10 patients to measure middle ear pressure (MEP). For the control group, MEP was measured in five patients with good MAC development during cochlear implantation or facial nerve decompression. ET function was measured twice in each patient, once before the 1st operation and 6 months after the second operation.Results:At the 2nd‐stage operation, in all cases with regenerated MACs and in the normal control group, MEP changed after administration of N2O. In contrast, no change in MEP was observed in cases with unregenerated MACs. In 70% (n = 37/53) of the regenerated MAC group, ET function was improved, whereas improvement of ET function was observed in only 13% (n = 3/23) of the unregenerated MAC group.Conclusions:Tissue‐engineered regeneration of MACs improves ET function and gas exchange in the middle ear. Laryngoscope, 2012
Endoscopic cold incision, balloon dilation, mitomycin C application, and steroid injection for adult laryngotracheal stenosis
Authors: Parker Noah P. , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar , Misono Stephanie , Goding George S. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To describe the presentation, stenosis characteristics, etiological differences, and outcomes of adult laryngotracheal stenosis treated with endoscopic cold incision, balloon dilation, topical mitomycin C application, and steroid injection.Study Design:Retrospective chart review.Methods:Demographic and clinical data were extracted for patients treated between March 2000 and December 2010. Prolonged intubation and idiopathic patient data were utilized for comparative analysis.Results:Eighty patients (65 females; 15 males; 220 procedures; 2.9 years mean follow‐up) presented with dyspnea (81%) and/or exercise intolerance (40%). Most commonly, etiologies were idiopathic (53 of 80; 66%) or prolonged intubation (14 of 80; 18%). Mean procedures per patient and interval between procedures were 2.8 procedures and 405 days, respectively. Mean stenosis length and distance from the caudal phonating edge of the true vocal folds were 9 mm and 19 mm. Complication, tracheotomy, and open‐procedure rates were 1.8%, 1.4%, and 10.0%, respectively. Patients with more than two procedures demonstrated a mean 4‐mm reduction in stenosis length and a 2‐mm cephalad progression of stenosis over time. More caudal stenoses required more frequent procedures. Procedures were less frequent as more procedures were performed. Stenosis characteristics, interval between procedures, and total procedures were similar between idiopathic patients with or without intubation histories, but different between idiopathic and prolonged intubation patients.Conclusions:This procedure was shown to be a viable option in adult laryngotracheal stenosis. Repeat dilation was likely, but was performed without adversely affecting stenosis characteristics. Stenoses farther from the vocal folds required procedures more frequently. Idiopathic patients with a history of brief, elective intubation had stenosis characteristics and responses to therapy similar to idiopathic patients without an intubation history. Both idiopathic groups together demonstrated stenosis characteristics and responses to therapy dissimilar to patients with a history of prolonged intubation. Laryngoscope, 2013
Noninvasive management of cochlear implant's inner magnet displacement after magnetic resonance
Authors: Di Nardo Walter , Giannantonio Sara , Schinaia Lorenzo , De Corso Eugenio , Paludetti Gaetano 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMRI is a widespread and greatly helpful diagnostic tool, yet its use on cochlear implant patients is restricted by the presence of an inner magnet. We report on a case of magnet dislodgment after 1.5T MRI in a 31‐year‐old female with a Hi‐Res 90K cochlear implant.In this case, it was possible to implement an alternative, totally noninvasive approach based on an external manual repositioning rather than a surgical procedure of the displaced magnet. Laryngoscope, 2013
The Bergman‐Shelah preorder on transformation semigroups
Authors: Mesyan Zak , Mitchell James D. , Morayne Michał , Péresse Yann H. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLet \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {N}^\mathbb {N}$\end{document} be the semigroup of all mappings on the natural numbers \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {N}$\end{document}, and let U and V be subsets of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {N}^\mathbb {N}$\end{document}. We write U≼V if there exists a countable subset C of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {N}^\mathbb {N}$\end{document} such that U is contained in the subsemigroup generated by V and C. We give several results about the structure of the preorder ≼. In particular, we show that a certain statement about this preorder is equivalent to the Continuum Hypothesis.The preorder ≼ is analogous to one introduced by Bergman and Shelah on subgroups of the symmetric group on \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {N}$\end{document}. The results in this paper suggest that the preorder on subsemigroups of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {N}^\mathbb {N}$\end{document} is much more complicated than that on subgroups of the symmetric group.
A Hydrogel Sensing Pathological Urate Concentrations
Authors: Geraths Christian , Christen Erik H. , Weber Wilfried 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMetabolite‐responsive hydrogels that detect pathological metabolite concentrations and react by releasing a therapeutic stimulus hold high promises in treating metabolic diseases. In this study, a hydrogel is described that discriminates between physiological and pathological concentrations of urate, the causative agent of gouty arthritis. The hydrogel is synthesized by coupling a dimeric variant of the Deinococcus radiodurans‐derived urate repressor HucR to linear polyacrylamide. The protein‐grafted polymer is crosslinked to form a hydrogel by a multimeric hucO DNA sequence [hucO]n specifically binding HucR. At elevated urate concentrations, HucR dissociates from [hucO]n thereby weakening the hydrogel structure and resulting in its dissolution.
Weak detrusor contractility correlates with motor disorders in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Terayama Keiichiro , Sakakibara Ryuji , Ogawa Akihiro , Haruta Hiroyuki , Akiba Takashi , Nagao Takeki , Takahashi Osamu , Sugiyama Megumi , Tateno Akihiko , Tateno Fuyuki , Yano Masashi , Kishi Masahiko , Tsuyusaki Yohei , Uchiyama Tomoyuki , Yamamoto Tatsuya 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLimited attention has been paid to the relationship between urinary symptoms or urodynamic findings and motor disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to correlate pressure‐flow urodynamic parameters with video‐gait analysis parameters in PD. We recruited 41 patients with PD (25 men and 16 women; age, 70.6 ± 8.5 years; H & Y motor grading: 2 [range, 1–3]; disease duration: 4 years [range, 1–7]; taking levodopa 300 mg/day [range, 100–400]). All patients underwent pressure‐flow urodynamics (parameters: first sensation, bladder capacity, detrusor overactivity [noted in 24 patients], and Watts factor [WF]) and video‐gait analysis (parameters: time and number of strides for 5‐m gait [simple task] and time for timed up and go [complex task]). Statistical analysis was made by Mann‐Whitney's U‐test for analyzing the relation between detrusor overactivity and gait as well as Spearman's rank‐correlation coefficient test for analyzing the relation between the remaining parameters and gait. We found no relation between filling‐phase urodynamics (detrusor overactivity, first sensation, and bladder capacity) and video‐gait analysis parameters. By contrast, we found a significant relation between voiding‐phase urodynamics (WF, reflecting detrusor power) and all three video‐gait analysis parameters (reflecting lower‐half bradykinesia and loss of postural reflex) in our PD patients (P < 0.01). The close relation between the WF and motor disorders in the present study suggests that, though clinically mild, a weak detrusor in PD might have a central origin. We should follow postvoid residual volume carefully in PD patients with advanced gait disorder, because postvoid residual volume might increase in such patients. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Quantized filter design of interconnected continuous‐time delay systems
Authors: Mahmoud Magdi S. , Xiang Zhengrong 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYA generalized approach to the problem of quantized filtering is investigated by designing a set of decentralized filters for a class of linear interconnected continuous‐time systems with unknown‐but‐bounded couplings and interval delays and where the quantizer has arbitrary form. An LMI‐based method using a decentralized quantized filter is designed at the subsystem level to render the global filtered system delay‐dependent asymptotically stable with guaranteed γ − level. It is established that this setting encompasses several special cases of interest including interconnected delay‐free systems, single time‐delay systems and single systems. We illustrate the theoretical developments by numerical simulations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low‐bandgap quinoxaline‐based D–A‐type copolymers: Synthesis, characterization, and photovoltaic properties
Authors: Fu Yuanhe , Cha Hyojung , Song Seulki , Lee Gang‐Young , Eon Park Chan , Park Taiho 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThree classes of quinoxaline (Qx)‐based donor–acceptor (D–A)‐type copolymers, poly[thiophene‐2,5‐diyl‐alt‐2,3‐bis(4‐(octyloxy)phenyl‐quinoxaline‐5,8‐diyl] P(T‐Qx), poly{4,8‐bis(2‐ethylhexyloxy)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl‐alt‐2,3‐bis(4‐(octyloxy)phenyl‐quinoxaline‐5,8‐diy} P(BDT‐Qx), and poly{4,8‐bis(2‐ethylhexyloxy)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl‐alt‐(5′,8′‐di‐2‐thienyl‐2,3‐bis(4‐octyloxyl)phenyl)‐quinoxaline‐5,5‐diyl} P(BDT‐DTQx), were synthesized via a Stille coupling reaction. The Qx unit was functionalized at the 2‐ and 3‐positions with 4‐(octyloxy)phenyl to provide good solubility and to reduce the steric hindrance. The absorption spectra of the Qx‐containing copolymers could be tuned by incorporating three different electron‐donating moieties. Among these, P(T‐Qx) acted as an electron donor and yielded a high‐performance solar cell by assuming a rigid planar structure, confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry, UV–vis spectrophotometer, and density functional theory study. In contrast, the P(BDT‐Qx)‐based solar cell displayed a lower power conversion efficiency (PCE) with a large torsional angle (34.7°) between the BDT and Qx units. The BDT unit in the P(BDT‐DTQx) backbone acted as a linker and interfered with the formation of charge complexes or quinoidal electronic conformations in a polymer chain. The PCEs of the polymer solar cells based on these copolymers, in combination with [6,6]‐phenyl C70 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM), were 3.3% [P(T‐Qx)], 1.9% [P(BDT‐Qx)], and 2.3% [P(BDT‐DTQx)], respectively, under AM 1.5G illumination (100 mW cm−2). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
The impact of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and community factors on the identity formation of young adults with cancer: a qualitative study
Authors: Kumar Anisha Rajeev , Schapira Lidia 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine how young adult cancer patients make sense of their experiences with cancer.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with patients at an urban tertiary care centerResultsThe sample for this study included 15 young adult cancer survivors. The ages of the participants ranged from 18 to 30 years. The sample was 67% female (n = 10) and 33% male (n = 5). The sample was 87% Caucasian (n = 13) and 13% Hispanic (n = 2). Fifty‐three percent of the participants were between ages 18 and 23 years (n = 8), and 47% of the participants were between ages 24 and 30 years (n = 7). Three themes emerged from the data: intrapersonal change, interpersonal interactions, and role and identity in the hospital and the community. As they inevitably lose control in their lives, young adult patients seek to return to a familiar lifestyle that they consider as ‘normal’. The formation of a revised identity and redefined set of norms allows the patients to regain control and express their individualism.ConclusionsThis study contributes to our knowledge of the experiences of young adult cancer patients and survivors. The findings serve to inform young adults, caregivers, and health professionals on coping with illness and its aftermath. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of dodine, fluopyram and penthiopyrad for the management of leaf spot and powdery mildew of tart cherry, and fungicide sensitivity screening of Michigan populations of Blumeriella jaapii
Authors: Proffer Tyre J , Lizotte Erin , Rothwell Nikki L , Sundin George W 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundField trials were conducted on the tart cherry cultivar Montmorency to evaluate the efficacy of dodine and the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides fluopyram and penthiopyrad for control of cherry leaf spot (CLS) and powdery mildew (PM). The in vitro sensitivity of Blumeriella jaapii (CLS) to the same fungicides was also tested.ResultsTreatments with dodine or fluopyram were among the most effective for controlling CLS, while fluopyram or penthiopyrad treatments were among the most effective for controlling PM. In vitro studies detected a wide range of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) among the isolates (0.05–400 µg AI mL−1) in response to dodine. Orchard isolates showed reduced sensitivity to dodine as compared with baseline isolates. B. jaapii was more sensitive to fluopyram (0.01–10.0 µg AI mL−1) than to penthiopyrad (0.01–25 µg AI mL−1), and orchard isolates also showed a shift towards reduced sensitivity.ConclusionThe results indicate that dodine remains effective in CLS control. In addition, as penthiopyrad and fluopyram become available to growers, this research establishes baseline information that will be important for future monitoring and analysis of B. jaapii population responses to exposure to dodine and these SDHI fungicides. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Pesticide hazard trends in orchard fruit production in Great Britain from 1992 to 2008: a time‐series analysis
Authors: Cross Paul 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundAttempts to mitigate pesticide hazard in horticulture present policy makers and industry with complex challenges at both the national and European scale. The impact of policy initiatives and industry practice on reducing hazard is contingent upon effective monitoring of a broad spectrum of non‐target endpoints. This study used the environmental impact quotient to evaluate changes in orchard fruit pesticide hazard in Great Britain. The study period corresponded to the introduction of European Directive 91/414 in 1991 and extended to 2008, the last pesticide survey year prior to the implementation of the new European Directive 2009/128/EC and regulation (EC) No. 1107/2009.ResultsOverall, pesticide hazard declined for each of the measures reported, with the environmental impact per hectare per tonne of produce declining by −21%.ConclusionThe UK orchard fruit industry appears to have improved efficiencies in pesticide use and is now harvesting more produce per hectare while simultaneously reducing the associated environmental impact of pesticides. The removal of toxic substances and their replacement with more benign products as a consequence of legislation appears to have played an important role in facilitating the reduction. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Toxicity of insecticides to populations of tomato borer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) from Greece
Authors: Roditakis Emmanouil , Skarmoutsou Christina , Staurakaki Marianna 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundTuta absoluta (Meyrick), in only a few years, has become a serious threat to global tomato production. Depending on the cropping system and infestation pressure, T. absoluta control may rely heavily on insecticide applications. By means of a validated IRAC bioassay method, the toxicity of all insecticides registered for T. absoluta control in Greece has been estimated. A non‐registered pyrethroid insecticide was also included in this study.ResultsLow heterogeneity was detected in the populations tested with most insecticides. The LC50 ranged from 0.31 to 1.31 mg L−1 for flubendiamide, from 0.12 to 0.53 mg L−1 for chlorantraniliprole, from 0.03 to 0.12 mg L−1 for emamectin benzoate, from 0.08 to 0.26 mg L−1 for spinosad, from 31.8 to 159.5 mg L−1 for metaflumizone, from 1.73 to 17.5 mg L−1 for indoxacarb, from 530 to 2038 mg L−1 for chlorpyriphos and finally from 475 to 794 mg L−1 for cypermethrin. The variability of the LC50 values among the tested populations was low (RR under 5×), except for indoxacarb (RR = 10×). In the absence of a reference strain, comparisons with the recommended label rates were performed. Evidence of potential control failures was detected using probit analysis estimates for cypermethrin, chlorpyriphos and metaflumizone.ConclusionsFor most registered insecticides, a solid set of baseline data has been presented that can be used in future resistance monitoring studies. The interaction of metaflumizone with T. absoluta has been discussed, and for chlorpyriphos it is suspected that the resistance level is underestimated with the present dataset. Finally, it has been demonstrated that the pyrethroid cypermethrin would provide insufficient control of the pest.© 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of (HoxIn1−x)1.9Sn0.1O3 matrix on magnetization of dispersed Fe3O4 nanocrystals
Authors: Tanabe Minemaru , Manabe Takuro , Kohiki Shigemi , Mitome Masanori , Yubuta Kunio 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSolid solutions (HoxIn1−x)1.9Sn0.1O3 with x = 0–0.3 were synthesized to employ as dispersion matrix for oleic acid coated Fe3O4 nanocrystals (NCs). The x = 0.05 matrix exhibited a resistance minimum at a non‐zero temperature in each temperature dependent resistivity with magnetic fields of 0 and 1 T, and a negative magnetoresistance. The sample of oleic acid coated Fe3O4 NCs dispersed in the x = 0.05 matrix showed enhanced spontaneous magnetization as the factor of ≈1.3 relative to as‐synthesized oleic acid coated Fe3O4 NCs.
Intraoperative measurement of femoral antetorsion using the anterior cortical angle method: a novel use for smartphones
Authors: Hawi Nael , Kabbani Abdul‐Rahman , O'Loughlin Padhraig , Krettek Christian , Citak Musa , Liodakis Emmanouil 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundMalrotation after femoral nailing is a common problem, yet estimation of the correct rotation during nailing remains a technical challenge. In the current study, a novel technique was developed for determining femoral antetorsion, the anterior cortical angle (ACA) method. The ACA is the angle between a line along the anterior aspect of the femoral neck and the posterior condylar line of the distal femur. The principal advantage of this method is that it facilitates intra‐operative assessment of femoral antetorsion by utilizing the positional technology integrated in smartphones. This measurement is directly comparable to measurements made using computed tomography (CT) scans. The objective of the current study was to investigate the possibility and to validate the feasibility and accuracy of the new method and compare the results obtained with the traditional methods of antetorsion estimation via CT and surgical navigation technology.MethodsTwelve cadaveric femora were used. Femoral antetorsion was measured with the ACA method, using a smartphone with integrated gyroscope (Apple IPhone, Cupertino, CA, USA) and by a conventional navigated technique (Brainlab, Feldkirchen, Germany). Subsequently, all femora underwent CT scanning to measure their respective antetorsion via the ACA and the method of Jend (1986). Next, a mid‐diaphyseal osteotomy was performed and the distal fragment was rotated and were adjusted to 10–15° using ACA by smartphone. All measurements were repeated with this new position of the femoral fragments.ResultsBoth radiological measurements according ACA and Jend (1986) demonstrated a statistically significant correlation (intact femur, r = 0.773, p = 0.003; after fixation, r = 0.898, p < 0.001). Comparing the measurements derived from the ACA, as analysed on CT images, and that gleaned from the experimental use of the same method with the smartphone, a statistically significant correlation was also demonstrated (intact femur, r = 0.826, p = 0.001; after fixation, r = 0.932, p < 0.001). Comparing the navigation system and the ACA measured by smartphone there was, on intact femora, a fair correlation without statistical significance and after fixation a good correlation with statistical significance (intact femur, r = 0.467, p = 0.126; after fixation, r = 0.869, p = 0.001).ConclusionsThe ACA method generated acceptable results and could contribute to improving the results of femoral nailing. The use of this device in a real clinical setting is necessary to truly elucidate its utility. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.