bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and characterization of intracranial aneurysms: a 10-year multidetector CT angiography experience in a large center
Authors: Heit Jeremy J , Gonzalez R Gilberto , Sabbag David , Brouwers H Bart , Ordonez Rubiano Edgar Gerardo , Schaefer Pamela W , Hirsch Joshua A , Romero Javier M 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundCT angiography (CTA) is increasingly used for the detection, characterization, and follow-up of intracranial aneurysms. A lower threshold to request a CT angiogram may render a patient population that differs from previous studies primarily evaluated with conventional angiography. Our objective was to broaden our knowledge of the factors associated with aneurysm rupture and patient mortality in this population.MethodsAll CTA studies performed over a 10-year period at a large neurovascular referral center were reviewed for the presence of an intracranial aneurysm. Patient demographics, mortality, CTA indication, aneurysm location, size, and rupture status were recorded.Results2927 patients with aneurysms were identified among 29 003 CTAs. 17% of the aneurysms were ruptured at the time of imaging, 24% of aneurysms were incidentally identified, and multiple aneurysms were identified in 34% of patients. Aneurysms most commonly arose from the supraclinoid internal carotid artery (22%), the middle cerebral artery (18%), and the anterior communicating artery (13%). Male sex, age <50 years, aneurysms >6 mm, and aneurysms arising from the anterior communicating artery, posterior communicating artery, or the posterior circulation were independent predictors of aneurysm rupture. Independent mortality predictors included male sex, posterior circulation aneurysms, intraventricular hemorrhage, and intraparenchymal hemorrhage.ConclusionsThese results indicate that aneurysms detected on CTA that arise from the anterior communicating artery, posterior communicating artery, or the posterior circulation, measure >6 mm in size, occur in men, and in patients aged <50 years are associated with rupture.
Effects of a Mindfulness Meditation Course on Learning and Cognitive Performance among University Students in Taiwan
Authors: Ching Ho-Hoi , Koo Malcolm , Tsai Tsung-Huang , Chen Chiu-Yuan 
Published: November 2015

Mindfulness training has recently gained much research interest because of its putative benefits for both mental and physical health. However, little is available in its effects on Asian students. Therefore, a quasi-experimental pre/posttest design was used to assess the effects of a one-semester mindfulness meditation course in 152 first-year Taiwanese university students and compared with 130 controls. The Chinese version of the College Learning Effectiveness Inventory (CLEI) and a computer software program focused on specific cognitive tasks were used for the evaluation. Results from the analysis of covariance revealed that while the score of the full CLEI scale was significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the control (P=0.022), none of the comparisons between the nine CLEI subscales were significantly different between the two groups. For the computer cognitive tasks, the intervention group exhibited significantly better performance in the accuracy of the digital vigilance task (P=0.048), choice reaction time (P=0.004), spatial working memory (P=0.042), and digital vigilance task reaction time (P=0.004). This study showed that a one-semester mindfulness meditation course was able to improve learning effectiveness and both attention and memory aspects of cognitive performance among Taiwanese university students.Corrigendum to “Effects of a Mindfulness Meditation Course on Learning and Cognitive Performance among University Students in Taiwan”
Depleting Tumor-NQO1 Potentiates Anoikis and Inhibits Growth of NSCLC
Authors: Madajewski Brian , Boatman Michael A. , Chakrabarti Gaurab , Boothman David A. , Bey Erik A. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The fundamental role that NAD(P)H/quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) plays, in normal cells, as a cytoprotective enzyme guarding against stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is well documented. However, what is not known is whether the observed overexpression of NQO1 in neoplastic cells contributes to their survival. The current study discovered that depleting NQO1 expression in A549 and H292 lung adenocarcinoma cells caused an increase in ROS formation, inhibited anchorage-independent growth, increased anoikis sensitization, and decreased three-dimensional tumor spheroid invasion. These in vivo data further implicate tumor-NQO1 expression in a protumor survival role, because its depletion suppressed cell proliferation and decreased lung tumor xenograft growth. Finally, these data reveal an exploitable link between tumor-NQO1 expression and the survival of lung tumors because NQO1 depletion significantly decreased the percentage of ALDH(high) cancer cells within the tumor population.
Implications: Loss of tumor-NQO1 expression inhibits tumor growth and suggests that novel therapeutics directed at tumor-NQO1 may have clinical benefit. Mol Cancer Res; 14(1); 14–25. ©2015 AACR.
Green Tea Catechin Normalizes the Enhanced Ca
2+
Sensitivity of Myofilaments Regulated by a Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy–Associated Mutation in Human Cardiac Troponin I (K206I)
Authors: Warren Chad M. , Karam Chehade N. , Wolska Beata M. , Kobayashi Tomoyoshi , de Tombe Pieter P. , Arteaga Grace M. , Bos J. Martijn , Ackerman Michael J. , Solaro R. John 
Published: November 2015

Background—
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiovascular disease characterized by thickening of ventricular walls and decreased left ventricular chamber volume. The majority of HCM-associated mutations are found in genes encoding sarcomere proteins. Herein, we set out to functionally characterize a novel HCM-associated mutation (K206I-TNNI3) and elucidate the mechanism of dysfunction at the level of myofilament proteins.

Methods and Results—

The male index case was diagnosed with HCM after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, which was followed by comprehensive clinical evaluation, transthoracic echocardiography, and clinical genetic testing. To determine molecular mechanism(s) of the mutant human cardiac troponin I (K206I), we tested the Ca
2+
dependence of thin filament–activated myosin-S1–ATPase activity in a reconstituted, regulated, actomyosin system comparing wild-type human troponin complex, 50% mix of K206I/wildtype, or 100% K206I. We also exchanged native troponin detergent extracted fibers with reconstituted troponin containing either wildtype or a 65% mix of K206I/wildtype and measured force generation. The Ca
2+
sensitivity of the myofilaments containing the K206I variant was significantly increased, and when treated with 20 µmol/L (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (green tea) was restored back to wild-type levels in ATPase and force measurements. The K206I mutation impairs the ability of the troponin I to inhibit ATPase activity in the absence of calcium-bound human cardiac troponin C. The ability of calcium-bound human cardiac troponin C to neutralize the inhibition of K206I was greater than with wild-type TnI.

Conclusions—
Compromised interactions of K206I with actin and hcTnC may lead to impaired relaxation and HCM.
Cardiac Disease Status Dictates Functional mRNA Targeting Profiles of Individual MicroRNAs
Authors: Matkovich Scot J. , Dorn Gerald W. , Grossenheider Tiffani C. , Hecker Peter A. 
Published: November 2015

Background—
MicroRNAs are key players in cardiac stress responses, but the mRNAs, whose abundance and translational potential are primarily affected by changes in cardiac microRNAs, are not well defined. Stimulus-induced, large-scale alterations in the cardiac transcriptome, together with consideration of the law of mass action, further suggest that the mRNAs most substantively targeted by individual microRNAs will vary between unstressed and stressed conditions. To test the hypothesis that microRNA target profiles differ in health and disease, we traced the fate of empirically determined miR-133a and miR-378 targets in mouse hearts undergoing pressure overload hypertrophy.

Methods and Results—
Ago2 immunoprecipitation with RNA sequencing (RNA-induced silencing complex sequencing) was used for unbiased definition of microRNA–dependent and microRNA–independent alterations occurring among ≈13 000 mRNAs in response to transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Of 37 direct targets of miR-133a defined in unstressed hearts (fold change ≥25%, false discovery rate <0.02), only 4 (11%) continued to be targeted by miR-133a during TAC, whereas for miR-378 direct targets, 3 of 32 targets (9%) were maintained during TAC. Similarly, only 16% (for miR-133a) and 53% (for miR-378) of hundreds of indirectly affected mRNAs underwent comparable regulation, demonstrating that the effect of TAC on microRNA direct target selection resulted in widespread alterations of signaling function. Numerous microRNA–mediated regulatory events occurring exclusively during pressure overload revealed signaling networks that may be responsive to the endogenous decreases in miR-133a during TAC.

Conclusions—
Pressure overload–mediated changes in overall cardiac RNA content alter microRNA targeting profiles, reinforcing the need to define microRNA targets in tissue-, cell-, and status-specific contexts.
Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Diagnosed With Lung Cancer
Authors: Salla E. , Dimakakos Evangelos P. , Tsagkouli S. , Giozos I. , Charpidou A. , Kainis E. , Syrigos K. N. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose: Considering the high prevalence of lung cancer, our purpose was to summarize the existing literature to identify the several factors that contribute to the increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with lung cancer and to analyze the current recommendations for thromboprophylaxis and treatment of VTE in those patients. Methods: We searched the Medline and EMBASE databases from February 1985 to February 2014 to identify retrospective and prospective randomized controlled studies that investigate one or more risk factors for VTEs in patients with lung cancer. Results: A VTE is a major complication for patients diagnosed with lung cancer. The risk factors for VTE events in patients with lung cancer consist of cancer-related (histological type and stage of cancer), treatment-related (surgery, chemotherapy, angiogenic agents, and supportive care agents), and patient-related factors (comorbidities, immobility, performance status, and prior thrombosis). Low-molecular-weight heparins are recommended for long-term treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis. Duration of anticoagulant therapy beyond 6 months should be based on individual clinical evaluation. Thromboprophylaxis for patients with lung cancer during hospitalization and immediate postoperative period is well established. Conclusions: Efforts to assess thrombotic risk in patients with lung cancer may improve therapeutic and preventive strategies in the future, with final goal to minimize the burden and consequences of thrombotic events in patients with lung cancer.
Psoriasis and Smoking
Authors: Richer Vincent , Roubille Camille , Fleming Patrick , Starnino Tara , McCourt Collette , McFarlane Alexandra , Siu Stephanie , Kraft John , Lynde Charles , Pope Janet E. , Keeling Stephanie , Dutz Jan , Bessette Louis , Gulliver Wayne P. , Haraoui Boulos , Bissonnette Robert 
Published: November 2015

Background: Smoking has been associated with psoriasis prevalence and severity. Objective: To evaluate prevalence of smoking in patients with psoriasis and to examine the relationship between smoking and psoriasis severity. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases (1960-2012) and conference proceedings (2010-2012) were systematically searched using keywords relevant to psoriasis and smoking. Controlled studies addressing psoriasis and smoking status were included. A meta-analysis for the relative risk of smoking in psoriasis patients was performed. Results: Meta-analysis identified a significant association between smoking and psoriasis with a relative risk of 1.88 (95% CI, 1.66-2.13) for smoking in patients with psoriasis versus patients without psoriasis. Eight articles of 11 with data on smoking and psoriasis severity suggested that severity increases with smoking status. Conclusions: This literature review is in favor of a positive association between the prevalence of smoking and psoriasis as well as an association between smoking and severity of psoriasis.
Analysis of deformity in scaphoid non-unions using two- and three-dimensional imaging
Authors: Ten Berg P. W. L. , Dobbe J. G. G. , Horbach S. E. R. , Gerards R. M. , Strackee S. D. , Streekstra G. J. 
Published: November 2015

Pre-operative assessment of the deformity in scaphoid non-unions influences surgical decision-making. To characterize deformity, we used three-dimensional computed tomographic modelling in 28 scaphoid non-unions, and quantified bone loss, dorsal osteophyte volume and flexion deformity. We further related these three-dimensional parameters to the intrascaphoid and capitate-lunate angles, and stage of scaphoid non-union advanced collapse assessed on conventional two-dimensional images and to the chosen surgical procedure. Three-dimensional flexion deformity (mean 26°) did not correlate with intrascaphoid and capitate-lunate angles. Osteophyte volume was positively correlated with bone loss and stage of scaphoid non-union advanced collapse. Osteophyte volume and bone loss increased over time. Three-dimensional modelling enables the quantification of bone loss and osteophyte volume, which may be valuable parameters in the characterization of deformity and subsequent decision-making about treatment, when taken in addition to the clinical aspects and level of osteoarthritis. Type of study/level of evidence: Level IV
High quality draft genome sequence of the moderately halophilic bacterium Pontibacillus yanchengensis Y32T and comparison among Pontibacillus genomes
Authors: Huang Jing , Qiao Zi xu , Tang Jing wei , Wang Gejiao 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPontibacillus yanchengensis Y32T is an aerobic, motile, Gram-positive, endospore-forming, and moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt field. In this study, we describe the features of P. yanchengensis strain Y32T together with a comparison with other four Pontibacillus genomes. The 4,281,464 bp high-quality-draft genome of strain Y32T is arranged into 153 contigs containing 3,965 protein-coding genes and 77 RNA encoding genes. The genome of strain Y32T possesses many genes related to its halophilic character, flagellar assembly and chemotaxis to support its survival in a salt-rich environment.
Lavage of the Uterine Cavity for Molecular Detection of Müllerian Duct Carcinomas: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Maritschnegg Elisabeth , Wang Yuxuan , Pecha Nina , Horvat Reinhard , Van Nieuwenhuysen Els , Vergote Ignace , Heitz Florian , Sehouli Jalid , Kinde Isaac , Diaz Luis A. , Papadopoulos Nickolas , Kinzler Kenneth W. , Vogelstein Bert , Speiser Paul , Zeillinger Robert 
Published: November 2015

Purpose Type II ovarian cancer (OC) and endometrial cancer (EC) are generally diagnosed at an advanced stage, translating into a poor survival rate. There is increasing evidence that Müllerian duct cancers may exfoliate cells. We have established an approach for lavage of the uterine cavity to detect shed cancer cells. Patients and Methods Lavage of the uterine cavity was used to obtain samples from 65 patients, including 30 with OC, five with EC, three with other malignancies, and 27 with benign lesions involving gynecologic organs. These samples, as well as corresponding tumor tissue, were examined for the presence of somatic mutations using massively parallel sequencing (next-generation sequencing) and, in a subset, singleplex analysis. Results The lavage technique could be applied successfully, and sufficient amounts of DNA were obtained in all patients. Mutations, mainly in TP53, were identified in 18 (60%) of 30 lavage samples of patients with OC using next-generation sequencing. Singleplex analysis of mutations previously determined in corresponding tumor tissue led to further identification of six patients. Taken together, in 24 (80%) of 30 patients with OC, specific mutations could be identified. This also included one patient with occult OC. All five analyzed lavage specimens from patients with EC harbored mutations. Eight (29.6%) of 27 patients with benign lesions tested positive for mutations, six (75%) as a result of mutations in the KRAS gene. Conclusion This study proved that tumor cells from ovarian neoplasms are shed and can be collected via lavage of the uterine cavity. Detection of OC and EC and even clinically occult OC was achieved, making it a potential tool of significant promise for early diagnosis.
Evaluating Intermittent Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Phase III Clinical Trials: The Devil Is in the Details
Authors: Hussain Maha , Tangen Catherine , Higano Celestia , Vogelzang Nicholas , Thompson Ian 
Published: November 2015

Purpose Intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD) has been widely tested in prostate cancer. However, phase III trials testing continuous androgen deprivation (CAD) versus IAD have reached inconclusive and seemingly contradictory results. Different design and conduct issues must be critically evaluated to better interpret the results. Patients and Methods Seven published phase III trials were examined for prespecified design and outcomes. Treatment specifications; primary end point; superiority versus noninferiority design assumptions, including magnitude of assumed versus observed noninferiority margin (NIM); duration of follow-up; and quality-of-life (QOL) outcomes were considered in terms of the results and conclusions reported. Results Five trials had a superiority and three had a noninferiority primary hypothesis. Only three trials had a uniform population and overall survival (OS) end point. All trials observed better outcomes in terms of OS and progression-free survival (PFS) than assumed at time of study design, translating into prespecified NIMs or hazard ratios that reflected larger absolute differences in OS or PFS between arms. Lower-than-expected event rates also reduced statistical power for the trials. Other factors, including length of follow-up, cause of death, QOL, and primary end point, and their impact on trial interpretation are discussed. Conclusion No trial to date has demonstrated survival superiority of IAD compared with CAD. Trials concluding IAD is noninferior to CAD were based on wide NIMs that included clinically important survival differences, not likely to be considered comparable by physicians or patients. Interim analyses relying on short follow-up and including a majority of non–prostate cancer deaths will favor a noninferiority conclusion and should be interpreted cautiously. Adequate follow-up is required to ensure capture of prostate cancer deaths in both superiority and noninferiority trials.
Misfolding Ectodomain Mutations of the Lutropin Receptor Increase Efficacy of Hormone Stimulation
Authors: Charmandari E. , Guan R. , Zhang M. , Silveira L. G. , Fan Q. R. , Chrousos G. P. , Sertedaki A. C. , Latronico A. C. , Segaloff D. L. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
We demonstrate 2 novel mutations of the LHCGR, each homozygous, in a 46,XY patient with severe Leydig cell hypoplasia. One is a mutation in the signal peptide (p.Gln18_Leu19ins9; referred to here as SP) that results in an alteration of the coding sequence of the N terminus of the mature mutant receptor. The other mutation (p.G71R) is also within the ectodomain. Similar to many other inactivating mutations, the cell surface expression of recombinant human LHR(SP,G71R) is greatly reduced due to intracellular retention. However, we made the unusual discovery that the intrinsic efficacy for agonist-stimulated cAMP in the reduced numbers of receptors on the cell surface was greatly increased relative to the same low number of cell surface wild-type receptor. Remarkably, this appears to be a general attribute of misfolding mutations in the ectodomains, but not serpentine domains, of the gonadotropin receptors. These findings suggest that there must be a common, shared mechanism by which disparate mutations in the ectodomain that cause misfolding and therefore reduced cell surface expression concomitantly confer increased agonist efficacy to those receptor mutants on the cell surface. Our data further suggest that, due to their increased agonist efficacy, extremely small changes in cell surface expression of misfolded ectodomain mutants cause larger than expected alterations in the cellular response to agonist. Therefore, for inactivating LHCGR mutations causing ectodomain misfolding, the numbers of cell surface mutant receptors on fetal Leydig cells of 46,XY individuals exert a more exquisite effect on the relative severity of the clinical phenotypes than already appreciated.
Vegetation of the Ferdynandovian interglacial (MIS 13–15) based on plant macrofossils from a new profile of the stratotype site
Authors: Stachowicz-Rybka Renata 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Early Middle Pleistocene palaeolacustrine sediments of the Ferdynandów site (E Poland), serving as a stratotype for the Ferdynandovian interglacial, were subjected to a new drilling in 2011. The obtained profile, covering the late Sanian 1 glaciation, two interglacial successions (Ferdynandovian 1 and 2), the cold Ferdynandovian 1/2 interval, and the early Sanian 2 glaciation, permitted a high-resolution plant macroremains analysis, correlated with the results of a palynological examination. In detailed studies of plant macroremains from the profile, new taxa were discovered for the Polish Pleistocene flora: specifically, species that are extinct or not found nowadays in Poland. On the basis of the taxonomic diversity and occurrence of bioindicators, the division into warm and cold units of the Ferdynandovian interglacial as well as units associated with the Sanian 1 and 2 glaciations, already applied in pollen studies, were confirmed, and the periods were described in terms of plant macroremains.
The Ferdynandovian succession is correlated with the Cromerian Complex (Cromerian III and IV) in the Early Middle Pleistocene of Western Europe, as well as with Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 13-15. New geological and palaeobotanical data enabled a description of the palaeogeographic context and conditions of functioning, as well as the evolution of the interglacial lake at the stratotype site.
The outcome of plant macroremains analysis is presented and interpreted in comparison with corresponding results previously obtained for the Ferdynandów B profile, studied by Janczyk-Kopikowa (1975). Particular consideration is given to similarities between the succession of Ferdynandów 2011 and the profiles of Ferdynandów B and the nearby drilled Łuków 3A.
Study of the macrofossil flora of Ferdynandów 2011 revealed the presence of species absent in the archival Ferdynandów B. Taxa not formerly recorded in early Middle Pleistocene floras, such as Brasenia borysthenica, Aldrovanda borysthenica, Pilularia borysthenica, Caulinia goretskyi, and Potamogeton saryanensis, were identified. These species and other taxa of stratigraphic or climatic significance provided the basis for a more detailed description of the Ferdynandovian flora, afterwards compared with other stratigraphically corresponding Polish and European early Middle Pleistocene floras.
The composition of characteristic taxa also was used for comparisons between two bimodal interglacial sequences, namely the Ferdynandovian (correlated with MIS 13-15) and Augustovian (correlated with MIS 19-21), and the Domuratovian succession (correlated with MIS 17).