bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic variability of farmed and free-living populations of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)
Authors: Jeżewska-Witkowska Grażyna , Horecka Beata , Jakubczak Andrzej , Kasperek Kornel , Ślaska Brygida , Bugno-Poniewierska Monika , Piórkowska Małgorzata 
Published: November 2013

Abstract This study was designed to determine the degree of genetic distinctiveness between farmed and wild foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Analysis of polymorphism in 16 microsatellite sequences led to the conclusion that red foxes raised on Polish farms and wild foxes living in Poland are two groups of genetically distinct animals. Farmed Polish foxes are genetically more similar to the population of wild animals from North America than they are to the free-living population in Poland, as confirmed by the fact that the farmed animals are descended from animals raised in Canada. The small genetic distance between wild Canadian foxes (indicated as the progenitor of farmed Polish foxes) and farmed Polish foxes possibly suggests that the differences between the farmed and wild Polish populations may result from the fact that Canadian and Polish foxes took separate evolutionary paths.
Efficiency and dose response of xylanase in diets for fattening pigs
Authors: Hanczakowska Ewa , Świątkiewicz Małgorzata , Kühn Imke 
Published: November 2013

Abstract The efficiency of different levels of dietary xylanase on growth performance, nutrient digestibilities and carcass and meat quality was evaluated in 128 barrows. The performance study lasted from about 27 to 110 kg of body weight with pigs allocated to 4 groups (32 animals each), fed ad libitum and kept in straw-bedded pens (4 animals each). Pigs from group I (control) received standard feeds without any enzyme added, while pigs from groups II, III and IV received the same diet including additionally xylanase at levels of 8000, 16000 or 24000 BXU (Birch Xylan Unit) per kg, respectively. The digestibility experiment was carried out with 40 barrows not involved in the first part of the experiment. Pigs were allocated to 4 groups (10 animals each) receiving the same diets as in the performance experiment. Xylanase significantly improved body weight gains of pigs receiving diets with 16000 BXU/kg (P<0.05) and 24000 BXU/kg feed (P<0.01) by 4.2% and 6.2%, respectively. Final body weights of 111-112 kg were achieved in a significantly shorter feeding period and at a lower feed conversion ratio by pigs that received highest xylanase application (24000 BXU/kg feed, P<0.05). In younger pigs xylanase mainly improved fibre digestibility which was significant for pigs receiving 24000 BXU/kg (P<0.05). In the final feeding period dry matter, fat and fibre digestibility were improved by xylanase with effects getting more pronounced with the increase of xylanase inclusion rate. No differences in carcass and meat quality were observed between any feeding groups. Based on these results it is assumed that application of xylanase (Econase XT) can improve performance of grower-finisher pigs without having any impact on the carcass quality. Performance improvements were in line with better nutrient digestibility.
Analysis of changes in egg quality of broiler breeders during the first reproduction period
Authors: Kontecka Helena , Nowaczewski Sebastian , Sierszuła Marta M. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn reproductive flocks of poultry it is very important to obtain a large number of eggs with normal structure, optimal morphological composition and interior quality. These elements have very significant influence on the biological value of the egg, which determines normal development of the embryo. The aim of the study was to analyse the physical characteristics, morphological composition and quality of individual components of the eggs of Cobb 500 broiler breeders during the first year of reproduction. The research material was hatching eggs (280 pcs), whose quality was assessed 7 times in the reproductive season at 5-week intervals. The eggs were examined when the hens were aged 26, 31, 36, 41, 46, 51 and 56 weeks (40 eggs for each age). The following characteristics were evaluated: egg weight (g); egg shape index (%); egg specific gravity (g/cm3); shell thickness (mm); average number of pores in the eggshell (pcs/0.25 cm2); yolk, white and shell weight (g) and their percentage in the egg mass; yolk index (%) and the number of Haugh units. The investigations proved that as the reproductive season of hens progressed, the weight of their eggs increased. Above all, this was due to the increase in the yolk weight, because its percentage in the egg weight rose with bird age, whereas the percentage of the white decreased. However, as the reproductive season progressed the quality of both the yolk and white deteriorated. No negative relationship between the age of hens and shell quality (weight, thickness) was observed. Only when the birds were aged 56 weeks, the shell thickness was found to be significantly smaller.
Relation of interleukin-1β gene to treatment response in chronic patients infected with HCV genotype 4
Authors: Omran Moataza Hassan , Ibrahim Noha E. , Youssef Samar S. , Fatouh Basma E , Nabil Wael , El-Shami Magdy M , El-Awady Mostafa K 
Published: November 2013

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection results in chronic hepatitis in more than 70% of infected patients, while 20-30% of patients recover spontaneously. This strengthens the role of the host genetic factors in either spontaneous or drug-induced viral clearance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between interleukin-1β +3953 gene polymorphism and the response to interferon therapy in chronic HCV patients infected with genotype 4. Methodology: The interleukin-1β (+3953 C/T) (rs1143634) gene was amplified in 115 chronic HCV patients. Interleukin-1β single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) plus several clinical and pathological factors were statistically analyzed in correlation with response to therapy. Results: Genotypes C/T and T/T had a significant association with non-response to treatment compared to genotype C/C, which had a strong association with response to treatment (95% confidence; 6.4884-48.5818, p = 0.0001). Furthermore, analysis of allele frequency in this cohort revealed that the T allele is associated with non-response, higher fibrosis, and higher hepatic activity, while the C allele had a significant association with sustained virologic response lower fibrosis, and lower hepatic activity (p value = 0.0001). Conclusion: This is the first study to examine the correlation between interleukin-1β (+3953 C/T) (rs1143634) gene polymorphism and the response of interferon therapy in genotype 4 HCV-infected patients. The results encourage further assessment of this SNP as a marker to predict response to therapy and disease progression, which can have major implications in saving money, time, and in avoiding unnecessary adverse effects.
Extranodal B Cell Lymphoma Spreading from Skin to Oral Cavity
Authors: Kaul Anirudh , Kalsotra Parmod 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) belongs to a group of lymphoid neoplasms that is diverse in manner of presentation, response to therapy and prognosis. Usually oral manifestations of NHL are secondary to a more widespread involvement throughout th e bo dy. Tho ugh primary in traoral lesio ns in NHL are uncommon, it is important to be aware of them, since intraoral manifestations are the presenting symptoms in these patients.2 A 58-year-old man presented to our Department with swelling in the vestibule of mouth. CT scan revealed a mass on upper gingival without any bony involvement. Incisional biopsy of the lesion showed diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The patient was treated successfully with chemotherapy. One year after complete remission, patient developed recurrence of primary tumor for which patient was again given chemotherapy treatment but had no significant benefit and succumb to the disease.

How to cite this article
Kaul A, Kalsotra P. Extranodal B Cell Lymphoma Spreading from Skin to Oral Cavity. Int J Head Neck Surg 2013;4(3):126-128.
Surgical Stress Response After Colorectal Resection
Authors: Andersson Bodil , Ansari Daniel , Nordén Morgan , Nilsson Johan , Andersson Roland 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The human body's response to surgery is correlated with the extent of tissue damage. The aim of the present study was to, over time, map out parameters concerning inflammation, metabolism, nutrition, breathing function, muscle strength, and well-being in elective colorectal surgery. Eighteen patients were prospectively included: colon resection (n = 9) and rectum resection/amputation (n = 9). Postoperative interleukin 10 (IL-10) rose more in the rectum surgery group on day 0 (P = 0.007) and day 3 (P = 0.025). Furthermore, significant differences between groups were detected regarding albumin, prealbumin, and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC). For albumin and TIBC, this difference was seen even on day 7. C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-8, glucose, cortisol, insulin, pain, fatigue, nausea, grip strength, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second did not show any differences. No correlation was revealed between measured parameters and postoperative complications. Postoperative levels of IL-10, albumin, prealbumin, and TIBC may be used as determinants of surgical stress after colorectal surgery.
Gastric Bronchogenic Cyst Histologically Diagnosed After Laparoscopic Excision: Report of a Case
Authors: Kurokawa Tomohiro , Yamamoto Masayoshi , Ueda Takanori , Enomoto Tsuyoshi , Inoue Kazunari , Uchida Atsushi , Kikuchi Kazunori , Ohkohchi Nobuhiro 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Abdominal computed tomography of a 71-year-old man revealed a 3-cm mass in gastric cardia. Although the mass was widely attached to the gastric wall, no clear contrast enhancement was observed. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging revealed the mass to have homogenous high intensity on T2W1 images and isointensity on T1W1 images. On diffusion-weighted imaging, no high intensity was observed. However, the mass had a smooth surface and was widely attached to the gastric wall, consistent with computed tomography findings. A gastric submucosal tumor was suspected. Laparoscopic tumor resection was performed. Histopathologic diagnosis of the mass was a bronchogenic cyst derived from the respiratory primordium originating in the foregut of the primitive intestine. Such cysts are mostly found in the mediastinum or thoracic cavity; their occurrence on the gastric wall is extremely rare. Despite this, we think that bronchogenic cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal unilocular cystic diseases.
A Case of Benign Schwannoma of the Ascending Colon Treated With Laparoscopic-Assisted Wedge Resection
Authors: Baek Se-Jin , Hwangbo Won , Kim Jin , Kim In-Sun 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Isolated colonic schwannomas are rare gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors. Only a small number of cases have been reported. Occurrence of these tumors is more common in the stomach than in the large intestine. These spindle cell lesions are distinct from leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors because the tumor cells have a distinct immunophenotype, with strong diffuse positivity for S-100 and vimentin, as well as corroborative negative staining of CD117 and smooth muscle markers. We present a case of colonic schwannoma in a 70-year-old woman who had no specific symptoms. The patient was diagnosed with a submucosal tumor in the ascending colon on colonoscopy and abdominal computed tomography. Laparoscopic-assisted wedge resection of colon was performed. The very rare pathologic diagnosis of ascending schwannoma was made postoperatively. This case is interesting because schwannomas of the colon and rectum are extremely rare and are treated by laparoscopic-assisted wedge resection.
A Case of Living Donor Liver Transplant Recipient Treated With Novel Blood Purification “Plasma Diafiltration”
Authors: Hayashi Hironori , Takamura Hiroyuki , Taniguchi Takumi , Nakanuma Shin-ichi , Nakagawara Hisatoshi , Tajima Hidehiro , Kitagawa Hirohisa , Onishi Ichiro , Tani Takashi , Ohta Tetsuo 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Blood purification therapy is indispensable for liver transplant recipients. The case of a living donor liver transplant recipient who represented graft insufficiency and was supported by novel blood purification “plasma diafiltration” immediately after operation is presented. A 60-year-old woman was referred for living donor liver transplant because of liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis C. Elective living donor liver transplant was performed, but the graft was small for size. Thus, the signs of graft insufficiency appeared immediately after the operation, and plasma diafiltration was used as a bridge to graft regeneration. After plasma diafiltration was started, the recipient recovered promptly, and withdrawal was performed 35 hours after induction without any complications. Plasma diafiltration is a useful and safe liver support for liver transplant recipients, including immediately after liver transplantation.
Repeat Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Complicating Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Authors: Mochizuki Susumu , Nakayama Hisashi , Higaki Tokio , Okubo Takao , Midorikawa Yutaka , Moriguchi Masamichi , Aramaki Osamu , Yamazaki Shintaro , Sugitani Masahiko , Takayama Tadatoshi 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicating primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is between 0.7% and 16%. Repeat liver resection for recurrent HCC complicating PBC is not usually performed and not published because this approach is not generally applicable due to liver dysfunction. We applied repeat liver resection for these diseases. Three patients were diagnosed with PBC. The first HCC was noted at a mean of 6 years (4–17 years) after diagnosis of PBC. The second HCC occurred at a mean of 2.5 years (0.4–3 years) after the first surgery. All patients were treated with curative resection on first and second surgery. The mean overall survival time after the first liver resection was 46 months. Repeat liver resection for recurrent HCC complicating PBC is an option and may improve the outcome.
Abdominal Implantation of Testicles in the Management of Intractable Testicular Pain in Fournier Gangrene
Authors: Chan Cyrus C. , Shahrour Khaled , Collier Ronald D. , Welch Marlene , Chang Shiliang , Williams Mallory 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Fournier gangrene (FG) is a necrotizing soft tissue infection involving the superficial and fascial planes of the perineum. In many cases of FG, debridement of the scrotum is necessary, leaving definitive management of the exposed testicles a significant surgical challenge. Frequent incidental trauma to the testicles can cause severe pain, especially in laborers. Practical surgical solutions are few and not well detailed. Various options exist, including creating a neoscrotum with adjacent thigh tissue, split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs), or even creating a subcutaneous thigh pocket. We describe a case of abdominal implantation of bilateral testicles for persistent testicular pain in a case where STSGs did not provide adequate protection, adjacent thigh skin was not available for creation of a neoscrotum, and significant cord contracture occurred. We detail the advantages and disadvantages of the commonly described techniques, including this approach, and how in select individuals this may be a suitable alternative.
Dosimetric impact of intrafraction patient motion on MLC‐based 3D‐conformal spatially fractionated radiation therapy treatment of large and bulky tumors
Authors: Misa Josh , Volk Alex , Bernard Mark E. , Clair William St. , Pokhrel Damodar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the dosimetric impact on spatially fractionated radiation therapy (SFRT) plan quality due to intrafraction patient motion via multi‐field MLC‐based method for treating large and bulky (≥8 cm) unresectable tumors.MethodsFor large tumors, a cone beam CT‐guided 3D conformal MLC‐based SFRT method was utilized with 15 Gy prescription. An MLC GTV‐fitting algorithm provided 1 cm diameter apertures with a 2 cm center‐to‐center distance at the isocenter. This generated a highly heterogeneous sieve‐like dose distribution within an hour, enabling same‐day SFRT treatment. Fifteen previously treated SFRT patients were analyzed (5 head & neck [H&N], 5 chest and lungs, and 5 abdominal and pelvis masses). For each plan, intrafraction motion errors were simulated by incrementally shifting original isocenters of each field in different x‐, y‐, and z‐directions from 1 to 5 mm. The dosimetric metrics analyzed were: peak‐to‐valley‐dose‐ratio (PVDR), percentage of GTV receiving 7.5 Gy, GTV mean dose, and maximum dose to organs‐at‐risk (OARs).ResultsFor ±1, ±2, ±3, ±4, and ±5 mm isocenter shifts: PVDR dropped by 3.9%, 3.8%, 4.0%, 4.1%, and 5.5% on average respectively. The GTV(V7.5) remained within 0.2%, and the GTV mean dose remained within 3.3% on average, compared to the original plans. The average PVDR drop for 5 mm shifts was 4.2% for H&N cases, 10% for chest and lung, and 2.2% for abdominal and pelvis cases. OAR doses also increased. The maximum dose to the spinal cord increased by up to 17 cGy in H&N plans, mean lung dose (MLD) changed was small for chest/lung, but the bowel dose varied up to 100 cGy for abdominal and pelvis cases.ConclusionDue to tumor size, location, and characteristics of MLC‐based SFRT, isocenter shifts of up to ±5 mm in different directions had moderate effects on PVDR for H&N and pelvic tumors and a larger effect on chest tumors. The dosimetric impact on OAR doses depended on the treatment site. Site‐specific patient masks, Vac‐Lok bags, and proper immobilization devices similar to SBRT/SRT setups should be used to minimize these effects.
Distributed online optimization for integrated energy systems: A multi‐agent system consensus approach
Authors: Wang Guofeng , Liu Yongqi , Zhang Youbing , Yan Jun , Xie Shuzong 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe integration of multi‐energy within distribution networks has escalated the need for efficient operation and control of integrated energy systems (IES). Addressing the complexities of real‐time scheduling and low‐carbon optimization, we propose a novel artificial intelligence driven multi‐agent system (MAS) approach for modeling the interactions and operations within the multi‐agent integrated energy systems (MA‐IES) framework. In this framework, distinct components such as electric, gas, and heat networks are conceptualized as autonomous agents, each responsible for managing its domain while interacting with other agents to achieve system‐wide efficiency and economical goals. The agents communicate and coordinate through a distributed online optimization framework, utilizing the alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) to ensure effective consensus despite the inherent nontransparency of information exchange. This MAS based approach allows for dynamic adaptation of strategies based on local data and global objectives, significantly enhancing the responsiveness and adaptability of MA‐IES. We further integrate an objective function reliant on a tiered carbon pricing mechanism to assess and minimize the environmental impact of operations. Enhanced by adaptive penalty coefficients within the ADMM, our MA‐IES framework demonstrates improved convergence rates and robustness in operational scenarios. Empirical validation through detailed case studies confirms the superior performance of our MAS‐based model, demonstrating its potential to realize an efficient and economical low‐carbon operation of MA‐IES.
The Rise of Multivalent Metal–Sulfur Batteries: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Zhao Jing , Xiao Yao‐Yu , Liu Qing , Wu Jianbo , Jiang Zhi‐Chao , Zeng Hongbo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs the “star of hope” for the next‐generation high‐energy‐density batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries (Li–S batteries) face severe challenges such as reserves, costs, and safety, which seriously restrict their practical application. Alternatively, research on multivalent metals (e.g., Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, etc.) as anodes, characterized by less reactivity and higher natural abundance, is gaining increasing attention and urgent demand. However, metal–sulfur (M–S) battery technology based on multivalent metal anodes is still in its infancy and not yet mature for practical application. This review provides insights into the challenges and prospects of multivalent M–S batteries, covering fundamental mechanisms, key issues, response strategies, and the latest advancements in flexible/micro energy storage devices. Furthermore, a general perspective and future research directions are also presented in this review. This review aims to explore opportunities for emerging multivalent M–S batteries and support the development of next‐generation high‐energy‐density energy storage systems.
Enhanced Cryogenic Magnetocaloric Effect from 4f‐3d Exchange Interaction in B‐Site Ordered Gd2CuTiO6 Double Perovskite Oxide
Authors: Zhang Yikun , Na Yingzhe , Hao Weixiang , Gottschall Tino , Li Lingwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMagnetic refrigeration based on the principle of the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in magnetic solids has been considered as a prospective cooling technology. Exploring suitable magnetocaloric materials (MCMs) is a vital prerequisite for practical applications. Herein, an excellent cryogenic MCM—the B‐site‐ordered Gd2CuTiO6 double perovskite (DP) oxide—which exhibits the largest MCE among known Gd‐based DP oxides, is identified. Such enhanced cryogenic MCE in the Gd2CuTiO6 DP oxide likely stems from the exchange interaction effect between Gd‐4f and Cu‐3d magnetic sublattices. Under a magnetic field change of 0–7 T, the maximum magnetic entropy change (−ΔSTmax) of the Gd2CuTiO6 DP oxide reaches 51.4 J kg−1 K−1 (378.2 mJ cm−3 K−1), which is much larger than that of the commercialized magnetic refrigerant Gd3Ga5O12, which is 38.3 J kg−1 K−1 (271.2 mJ cm−3 K−1), and it is also superior to most of the recently reported benchmarked cryogenic MCMs, indicating the possibility for practical applications. This work also provides a productive route for future cryogenic MCM design by harnessing 4f–3d exchange interactions.
Sweat Gland‐Like Fabric for Personal Thermal‐Wet Comfort Management
Authors: Zhang Qian , Wang Manyu , Chen Tao , Chen Zipeng , Liu Dongfang , Zhang Zhixun , Zhuo Lei , Wang Yuge , Xiao Xingfang , Zhu Bin , Li Li , Xu Weilin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe sweat evaporation strategy has shown great potential for passive cooling of the human body. However, the accumulation of sweat at the skin resulting from the hindrance by traditional fabrics increases the heat load and causes the clothing to stick to the skin. Sweat evaporation cooling textiles that perform the sweat‐wicking function of sweat glands are thus highly desirable. Here, a sweat gland‐like (Sg‐like) fabric is proposed for personal thermal‐wet comfort management. The Sg‐like channels formed in the fabric through spraying and ultrasonic welding processes can pull liquid water from the skin and spread it out over the outer layer of the fabric for rapid evaporation. The Sg‐like design principle is also well‐validated based on colored fabrics. In artificial sweating skin demonstrations, the temperature of skin covered with the Sg‐like fabric is comparable to that of bare skin and lower than that of skin covered with commercial textiles. In human body tests, a temperature reduction of ≈2 °C is observed in sweating for skin coated with the Sg‐like fabric compare with skin‐coated cotton. It is expected this work offers promising guidelines for developing a sweat‐evaporation cooling textile to meet the thermal‐wet comfort requirements of the human body.