bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urban flash flood hazard mapping using machine learning, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Authors: Leggesse Elias Sime , Derseh Walelign Ayaliew , Zimale Fasikaw Atanaw , Tilahun Seifu Admasu , Meshesha Mengiste Abate 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Increased frequency and magnitude of flooding pose a significant natural hazard to urban areas worldwide. Mapping flood hazard areas are crucial for mitigating potential damage to human life and property. However, conventional hydrodynamic approaches are hindered by their extensive data requirements and computational expenses. As an alternative solution, this paper explores the use of machine learning (ML) techniques to map flood hazards based on readily available geo-environmental variables. We employed various ML classifiers, including decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), XGBoost (XGB), and k-nearest neighbor (kNN), to assess their performance in flood hazard mapping. Model evaluation was conducted using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and root mean square error (RMSE). Our results demonstrated promising outcomes, with AUC values of 93% (DT), 97% (RF), 98% (XGB), and 91% (kNN) for the validation dataset. RF and XGB have slightly higher performance than DT and kNN and distance to river was the most important factor. The study highlights the potential of ML for urban flood modeling, offering reasonable accuracy and supporting early warning systems. By leveraging available geo-environmental variables, ML techniques provide valuable insights into flood hazard mapping, aiding in effective urban planning and disaster management strategies.
Both meteorological droughts and human activities modulated groundwater variations in the northern Yellow River Basin
Authors: Yang Xuening , Shao Xingmin , Ma Ning , Zhang Xuanze , Tian Jing , Tang Zixuan , Chen Yuyin , Tian Xiaoqiang , Feng Rui , Wu Tongjing , Bian Nan , Miao Ping , Ma Hongli , Chen Bing , Zhang Yongqiang 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Groundwater level declines are largely associated with natural processes and human activities. In particular, the drivers of groundwater change can be more complex during meteorological drought owing to human activities. However, disentangling their specific contribution remains poorly understood. By focusing on semiarid ecosystems in the northern Yellow River Basin – the Ordos – here we elucidate the impact of human activities on the propagation of meteorological droughts to groundwater systems. To comprehensively analyze groundwater variations, we employ the K-means, categorizing them into four distinct patterns. Based on the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis between standardized precipitation index (SPI) and groundwater depth (GWD), we found that the majority of lag time for GWD response to SPI is less than 3 months, and the drivers influencing GWD are classified into three categories: SPI, human activities related to SPI, and human activities unrelated to SPI. Our results reveal that both meteorological droughts and human activities jointly influence GWD across the entire region. Notably, human activities unrelated to SPI have the greatest impact in the irrigation district of Ordos, followed by the western part of Ordos and the Mu Us sandy land in central Ordos. Our findings can guide us to formulate effective drought management policies and practices in semiarid regions.
Investigation of the chemical and microbial quality of water supplied by treatment stations in Kerman city, Iran
Authors: Alizadeh Ismaeil , Darijani Tooba , Noori Goushki Maryam , Faraji Maryam 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate the quality of water supplied in Kerman city, southeast Iran. Total hardness, nitrite, nitrate, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and elements were measured in samples from five stations in four seasons in 2022. The concentration levels of (mg/L) As (0.42 ± 1.83), Cd (0.004 ± 0.01), Cu (2.51 ± 3.38), Ni (1.33 ± 0.86), and Pb (1.50 ± 2.11) were more than the standard. Total coliforms in samples (5.30 ± 7.87) were more than the national standard (0/100 mL) with a significant mean difference in seasons (p-value = 0.04). Fecal coliforms were detected in samples collected in autumn (2.00 ± 0.00/100 mL). The findings showed that water treatment in stations could not remove the toxic heavy metals of As, Pb, and Cd. But the microbial pollution was detected in some samples. Therefore, the use of these waters is generally not recommended. Further studies and comparisons with water quality in the distribution system can provide more useful results.
Chance-constrained programming for drinking water quality management under fuzziness and randomness
Authors: Hong Yuhang , Bao Peitong , Yao Yuzhe , Wang Yumin 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

In this paper, an inexact fuzzy random chance-constrained programming (IFRCCP) model was proposed to deal with the randomness and fuzziness in the optimization of booster cost for the water distribution system (WDS). The IFRCCP model was applied to a WDS to analyze the effects of randomness and fuzziness on the booster costs. The booster cost intervals were obtained under various violation levels and confidence levels. The results indicated that the lower and upper booster costs increased with the confidence levels of the lower limits and decreased with the violation levels of the lower limits for both normal and log-normal distribution fuzzy random variables (FRVs). Moreover, the increased magnitude of lower and upper booster costs under normal distribution FRV is a little less than that under log-normal distribution FRV, while the decreased magnitude of lower and upper booster costs under normal distribution FRV is larger than that under log-normal distribution FRV. The same regulation can be found for the FVR with both triangular and trapezoidal distribution FRVs. With the increase of booster number, the increased magnitude of the lower and upper booster costs decreased for both normal and log-normal distribution FRVs.
Study on the automatic control method for evaporation treatment of wet flue gas desulfurization wastewater in power plants
Authors: Guo Xiangjian , Zhang Bo , Li Yanmeng , Feng Yue , Xu Shuowen 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

DRFNN is used to predict the evaporation state of wastewater, and incremental PID algorithm is combined to adjust the control quantity. By real-time monitoring the state and parameter changes of wastewater evaporation treatment process, online adjusting and optimizing the parameters of DRFNN and incremental PID, the automatic control of desulfurization wastewater evaporation treatment is completed. The experimental results show that this method can achieve more accurate and reliable automatic control, short control time, strong ability to deal with emergencies, and can converge to stability in a short time. This method can effectively reduce the number of early alarms and failures of the system and save maintenance costs. The IAE values of chloride ion (Cl) and mercury (Hg) in this method are 0.3558 and 0.3872, respectively, which proves that the difference between the actual output and the expected output of this method is very small, which proves that the system in this paper has high accuracy.
The Investigation of Nfκb Inhibitors to Block Cell Proliferation in OSCC Cells Lines
Authors: Cheng Yuxi , Wang Liping , Zhang Shuju , Jian Wei , Zeng Bin , Liang Long , Deng Zhiyuan 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Oral cancers, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as
the predominant type, have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore,
targeting the NFκB pathway shows promise in cancer therapy.

Materials and Methods:
This study investigated the impact of two NFκB inhibitors,
LY2409881 and MLN4924, on cell proliferation, apoptosis susceptibility, and in vivo tumorigenesis
in OSCC cell lines CAL27 and SCC15.

Results:
The results revealed that both LY2409881 and MLN4924 effectively suppressed
cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M
phase—a phenomenon likely associated with the NFκB pathway. Furthermore, MLN4924
demonstrated potent inhibitory effects on cell proliferation at low μM concentrations,
surpassing the effectiveness of LY2409881 as an inhibitor. (All results: p<0.05)

Conclusion:
These findings highlight the potential of LY2409881 and MLN4924 as novel
therapeutic agents for OSCC, thereby offering new insights for the clinical management
of this condition.
Deciphering Mutational Impacts on c-Src-HK2 Interaction in Colorectal Cancer Progression, and Identification of Potential Phytocompounds
Inhibitors: A Molecular Simulation and Free Energy Calculation Approach
Authors: Suleman Muhammad , Faizullah  , Khan Abbas , Mohammad Sayaf Abrar , Alghamdi Abdullah , Alghamdi Suad A. , Alissa Mohammed , Alghamdi Amani , Crovella Sergio 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as the third most widespread cancer
worldwide in both men and women, witnessing a concerning rise, especially in younger demographics.
Abnormal activation of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase c-Src has been linked
to the advancement of several human cancers, including colorectal, breast, lung, and pancreatic
ones. The interaction between c-Src and Hexokinase 2 (HK2) triggers enzyme phosphorylation,
significantly boosting glycolysis, and ultimately contributing to the development of CRC.

Objectives:
The objectives of this study are to examine the influence of newly identified mutations
on the interaction between c-Src and the HK2 enzyme and to discover potent phytocompounds
capable of disrupting this interaction.

Methods:
In this study, we utilized molecular docking to check the effect of the identified mutation
on the binding of c-Src with HK2. Virtual drug screening, MD simulation, and binding
free energy were employed to identify potent drugs against the binding interface of c-Src and
HK2.

Results:
Among these mutations, six (W151C, L272P, A296S, A330D, R391H, and P434A)
were observed to significantly disrupt the stability of the c-Src structure. Additionally, through
molecular docking analysis, we demonstrated that the mutant forms of c-Src exhibited high
binding affinities with HK2. The wildtype showed a docking score of -271.80 kcal/mol, while
the mutants displayed scores of -280.77 kcal/mol, -369.01 kcal/mol, -324.41 kcal/mol, -362.18
kcal/mol, 266.77 kcal/mol, and -243.28 kcal/mol for W151C, L272P, A296S, A330D, R391H,
and P434A respectively. Furthermore, we identified five lead phytocompounds showing strong
potential to impede the binding of c-Src with HK2 enzyme, essential for colon cancer progression.
These compounds exhibit robust bonding with c-Src with docking scores of -7.37
kcal/mol, -7.26 kcal/mol, -6.88 kcal/mol, -6.81 kcal/mol, and -6.73 kcal/mol. Moreover, these
compounds demonstrate dynamic stability, structural compactness, and the lowest residual
fluctuation during MD simulation. The binding free energies for the top five hits (-42.44±0.28
kcal/mol, -28.31±0.25 kcal/mol, -34.95±0.44 kcal/mol, -38.92±0.25 kcal/mol, and -30.34±0.27
kcal/mol), further affirm the strong interaction of these drugs with c-Src which might impede
the cascade of events that drive the progression of colon cancer.

Conclusion:
Our findings serve as a promising foundation, paving the way for future discoveries
in the fight against colorectal cancer.
Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. as a Natural Intervention for Diabesity: A Review
Authors: Jachak Sanjay Madhukar , Thakur Mridula Singh , Ahirrao Pallavi , Goyal Alok 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. (family: Rutaceae), commonly known as curry leaf or
sweet neem, is a tropical plant native to India and Southeast Asia. It is highly valued in Ayurveda for its medicinal
properties. Almost every part (fresh leaves, fruits, bark, and roots) of this plant is used to treat various
ailments. Its fresh leaves are considered to have numerous medicinal properties for various diseases, including
piles, inflammation, itching, fresh cuts, dysentery, and edema. A combination of curry leaf and buttermilk is
used to treat diseases, such as amoebiasis, diabetes, and hepatitis. Its leaves are also believed to possess antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. The bark has been traditionally used for treating
snakebites. Its roots are utilized in Ayurveda for the treatment of body aches. Being a storehouse of carbazole
alkaloids, M. koenigii has been reported to show anti-obesity and anti-diabetic activity in in vitro and in vivo
studies. The review aimed to appraise the role of M. koenigii leaf in the prevention of diabesity.

Methods:
We performed a literature search with the keywords “diabesity”, “obesity”, “diabetes”, “adipose
tissue”, and “carbazole alkaloids” on Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. Several in vitro
and in vivo studies conducted on cell lines and animals for anti-diabetic/anti-hyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic
activities have been included and appraised in the article, providing supporting evidence for
the ethnomedicinal claims.

Results and Conclusion:
This review has been an attempt to summarize comprehensively the overall research
done on M. koenigii with regard to obesity and diabetes. The studies on anti-diabetic/anti-hyperglycemic and
anti-hyperlipidemic activities of the plant have ranged from studies on crude extracts to isolated compounds.
However, some of the studies require further in-depth analysis and validation of obtained results.
Pro-Inflammatory Signaling Cascade Markers, Oxidative Stress-Inflammatory Signaling Axis, and Chronic Total Occlusion of Tibial Artery in Elderly Patients Suffering from Occlusion of Coronary Arteries
Authors: Li Xia , Zhao Yongjuan , Zhou Hualan , Hu Youdong , Chen Ying , Guo Dianxuan 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Oxidative response is a risk factor in the progression of arterial atherosclerosis.

Objective:
This research study aimed to examine the effects of oxidative response on atherosclerotic
susceptibility as well as the development of arteriosclerosis occlusions of the tibial artery
through pro-inflammatory mediator genes in elderly patients with occlusion of coronary arteries.

Methods:
We determined that oxidative stress biomarkers (Malondialdehyde-modified Low-density
Lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), Oxidized Low-density Lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) as well as Heme Oxygenase-
1 (HO-1)] and the expressions of pro-inflammatory mediator genes [Toll-like Receptor 4
(TLR4), Nuclear Factor kappa-B (NF-κB), Myeloid Differentiating factor 88 (MyD88) and
Growth Arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6)] have an impact on the severity of arteriosclerosis occlusions
of tibial artery in elderly patients suffering from occlusion of coronary arteries.

Results:
Levels of MDA-LDL, Ox-LDL, HO-1, TLR4, NF-κB, MyD88, and GAS6 were increased
in the occlusion of tibial arteries + two-vessel coronary occlusion group compared to the
CON group and occlusion of tibial arteries + one-vessel coronary occlusion group, respectively (p
< 0.001); they were also elevated in occlusion of tibial arteries + multiple-vessel coronary occlusion
group compared to occlusion of tibial arteries + one-vessel coronary occlusion group and occlusion
of tibial arteries + two-vessel coronary occlusion group, respectively (P < 0.001). This has
indicated the key roles of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory mediator genes in arteriosclerosis
occlusions of tibial artery in elderly patients with occlusion of coronary arteries.

Conclusion:
Oxidative response may promote the expressions of inflammatory genes and enhance
susceptibility to arteriosclerosis occlusions of the tibial artery in elderly patients with chronic total
coronary occlusions.
Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin in Diabetic Neuropathy and Retinopathy: Exploring Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Saikia Lunasmrita , Barbhuiya Sm Abdul Aziz , Saikia Kalyani , Kalita Pratap , Dutta Partha Pratim 
Published: August 2024

:
Diabetes mellitus poses a significant health challenge globally, often leading to debilitating
complications, such as neuropathy and retinopathy. Quercetin, a flavonoid prevalent in
fruits and vegetables, has demonstrated potential therapeutic effects in these conditions due to its
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This review summarizes and provides
a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy of
quercetin in ameliorating diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy. A thorough search was carried out
across scientific databases, such as SciFinder, PubMed, and Google Scholar, to gather pertinent literature
regarding the effect of quercetin on diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy till February
2024. Preclinical studies indicate that quercetin mitigates neuropathic pain, sensory deficits, and
nerve damage associated with diabetic neuropathy by improving neuronal function, reducing
DNA damage, regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, enhancing antioxidant enzyme levels and
endothelial function, as well as restoring nerve injuries. In diabetic retinopathy, quercetin shows
the potential to preserve retinal structure and function, inhibiting neovascularization, preventing
retinal cell death, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increasing neurotrophic factor levels.
Moreover, through modulating key signaling pathways, such as AMP-activated Protein Kinase
(AMPK) activation, Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT 4) upregulation, and insulin secretion regulation,
quercetin demonstrates efficacy in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby protecting
nerve and retinal tissues. Despite promising preclinical findings, challenges, such as limited
bioavailability, necessitate further research to optimize quercetin’s clinical application in order
to establish its optimal dosage, formulation, and long-term efficacy in clinical settings.
Identification and Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes Associated with Ferroptosis and HIV in PASMCs Based on Bioinformatics
Authors: Lu Tong , Guo Linna , Ma Yong , Yao Lijie , Li Li , Bian Wenshan , Xiu Miao , Jiang Yang , Li Yongtao , Jin Haifeng 
Published: August 2024

Background:
HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (HIV-PAH), a rare and fatal
condition within the pulmonary arterial hypertension spectrum, is linked to HIV infection. While
ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death form, is implicated in various lung diseases, its role in HIVPAH
development remains unclear.

Methods:
Leveraging Gene Expression Omnibus data, we identified differentially expressed genes
(DEGs) in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, including HIV-related DEGs (HIV-DEGs) and
ferroptosis-related HIV-DEGs (FR-HIV-DEGs). PPI network analysis of FR-HIV-DEGs using CytoHubba
in Cytoscape identified hub genes. We conducted functional and pathway enrichment analyses
for FR-HIV-DEGs, HIV-DEGs, and hub genes. Diagnostic value assessment of hub genes utilized
ROC curve analysis. Key genes were further screened, and external validation was performed.
Additionally, we predicted a potential ceRNA regulatory network for key genes.

Results:
1372 DEGs were found, of which 228 were HIV-DEGs, and 20 were FR-HIV-DEGs. TP53,
IL6, PTGS2, IL1B (downregulated), and PPARG (upregulated) were the five hub genes that were
screened. TP53, IL6, and IL1B act as ferroptosis drivers, PTGS2 as a ferroptosis marker, and PPARG
as a ferroptosis inhibitor. Enrichment analysis indicated biological processes enriched in "response
to oxidative stress" and pathways enriched in "human cytomegalovirus infection." Key genes IL6 and
PTGS2 exhibited strong predictive value via ROC curve analysis and external validation. The predicted
ceRNA regulatory network identified miRNAs (has-mir-335-5p, has-mir-124-3p) targeting
key genes and lncRNAs (XIST, NEAT1) targeting these miRNAs.

Conclusion:
This study advances our understanding of potential mechanisms in HIV-PAH pathogenesis,
emphasizing the involvement of ferroptosis. The findings offer valuable insights for future research
in HIV-PAH.
miR-124 in Neuroblastoma: Mechanistic Insights, Biomarker Potential, and Therapeutic Prospects
Authors: Monisha Kandegala Mahesh , Shivakumar Dhanu Annyaplar , Mutthuraj Dasegowda , Nandini Guruswamy , Muthusami Sridhar , Basalingappa Kanthesh M 
Published: August 2024

:
Neuroblastoma, a malignancy predominantly affecting young children, originates from
neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system. It primarily appears in the adrenal gland but
can also affect nerve tissues in regions, such as the chest, neck, abdomen, and pelvis. Despite advancements
in treatment, high-risk neuroblastoma patients often face poor prognoses, underscoring
the need for ongoing research. This review paper examines the numerous factors responsible
for neuroblastoma, emphasizing the importance of approaching the disorder with more strategic
therapeutic methods. MicroRNAs, particularly miR-124, play critical roles in gene regulation and
cancer pathogenesis. Abundant in the brain, miR-124 functions as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting
cell growth, migration, and invasion and is often dysregulated in neuroblastoma. This study investigates
the molecular functions of miR-124 in neuroblastoma, its potential as a biomarker, and
its application in targeted therapy. MiR-124 regulates key pathways in neuroblastoma, including
PI3K/AKT, TGF-β, and p53 signaling, impacting cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. The
study also explores the promise of miR-124 as a biomarker for neuroblastoma through liquid biopsy,
enabling non-invasive diagnosis and disease monitoring. Therapeutic strategies targeting
miR-124 pathways show potential for overcoming chemotherapy resistance and improving treatment
efficacy. The research underscores the significance of miR-124 in neuroblastoma, aiming to
enhance early diagnosis, identify specific drug targets, and expand treatment options, ultimately
improving patient outcomes.