bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catchment area and cancer population health research through a novel population-based statewide database: a scoping review
Authors: Spees Lisa P , Albaneze Natasha , Baggett Christopher D , Green Laura , Johnson Katie , Morris Hayley N , Salas Ana I , Olshan Andrew , Wheeler Stephanie B 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundPopulation-based linked datasets are vital to generate catchment area and population health research. The novel Cancer Information and Population Health Resource (CIPHR) links statewide cancer registry data, public and private insurance claims, and provider- and area-level data, representing more than 80% of North Carolina’s large, diverse population of individuals diagnosed with cancer. This scoping review of articles that used CIPHR data characterizes the breadth of research generated and identifies further opportunities for population-based health research.MethodsArticles published between January 2012 and August 2023 were categorized by cancer site and outcomes examined across the care continuum. Statistically significant associations between patient-, provider-, system-, and policy-level factors and outcomes were summarized.ResultsAmong 51 articles, 42 reported results across 23 unique cancer sites and 13 aggregated across multiple sites. The most common outcomes examined were treatment initiation and/or adherence (n = 14), mortality or survival (n = 9), and health-care resource utilization (n = 9). Few articles focused on cancer recurrence (n = 1) or distance to care (n = 1) as outcomes. Many articles discussed racial, ethnic, geographic, and socioeconomic inequities in care.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate the value of robust, longitudinal, linked, population-based databases to facilitate catchment area and population health research aimed at elucidating cancer risk factors, outcomes, care delivery trends, and inequities that warrant intervention and policy attention. Lessons learned from years of analytics using CIPHR highlight opportunities to explore less frequently studied cancers and outcomes, motivate equity-focused interventions, and inform development of similar resources.
A big red dot: scattered light, host galaxy signatures, and multiphase gas flows in a luminous, heavily reddened quasar at cosmic noon
Authors: Stepney Matthew , Banerji Manda , Tang Shenli , Hewett Paul C , Temple Matthew J , Wethers Clare F , Puglisi Annagrazia , Molyneux Stephen J 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a deep X-Shooter rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) to optical spectral analysis of the heavily reddened quasar, ULASJ2315+0143 at $z=2.566$, known to reside in a major-merger host galaxy. The rest-frame optical is best fit by a dust-reddened quasar (E(B – V)$^{\rm QSO}= 1.55$) with black-hole mass $\rm log_{10}(H\beta , M{\small BH} [{\rm M}_{\odot }]) = 10.26 \pm 0.05$, bolometric luminosity $\rm L_{Bol}$ = $\rm 10^{48.16}\, erg\,\,s^{-1}$ and Eddington-scaled accretion rate log$_{10}(\rm \lambda _{Edd}) = -0.19$. We find remarkable similarities between ULASJ2315+0143 and the high-redshift little red dots (LRDs). The rest-frame UV cannot be explained by a dusty quasar component alone and requires an additional blue component consistent with either a star-forming host galaxy or scattered AGN light. We detect broad high-ionization emission lines in the rest-UV, supporting the scattered light interpretation for the UV excess. The scattering fraction represents just 0.05 per cent of the total luminosity of ULASJ2315+0143 . Analysis of the mid-infrared SED suggests an absence of hot dust on torus-scales similar to what is observed for LRDs. The obscuring medium is therefore likely on galaxy scales. We detect narrow, blueshifted associated absorption-line systems in C iv, N v, Si iv, and Si iii. There is evidence for significant high-velocity (&gt;1000 $\rm km\, s^{-1}$) outflows in both the broad- and narrow-line regions as traced by C iv and [O iii] emission. The kinetic power of the [O iii] wind is $\dot{\epsilon }_{k}^{ion} = 10^{44.61} \rm erg\, s^{-1} \sim 0.001\, L_{Bol}$. ULASJ2315+0143 is likely in an important transition phase where star formation, black-hole accretion and multiphase gas flows are simultaneously occurring.
Association between sidedness and survival among chemotherapy refractory metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with trifluridine/tipiracil or regorafenib
Authors: Hsiao Kai-Yuan , Chen Hsin-Pao , Rau Kun-Ming , Liu Kuang-Wen , Shia Ben-Chang , Chang Wei-Shan , Liang Hao-Yun , Hsieh Meng-Che 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
The impact of sidedness on survival of later-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is undetermined. This study aimed to investigate the association between sidedness and survival among chemotherapy refractory patients with mCRC treated with trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) or regorafenib or both.

Patients and Methods
Patients with mCRC treated with TAS-102 or regorafenib between 2015 and 2020 was retrospectively collected. Patients were stratified into TAS-102 first and regorafenib first, then subdivided into TAS-102 followed by regorafenib (T-R) and regorafenib followed by TAS-102 (R-T) groups. The oncologic outcomes were presented with time-to-treatment failure (TTF) and overall survival (OS).

Results
After matching, 376 TAS-102 patients and 376 regorafenib patients were included for outcomes comparison. TTF had insignificant differences while OS was significantly different between TAS-102 and regorafenib groups. Median TTF and OS were 1.9 months versus 2.0 months (P = .701) and 9.1 months versus 7.0 months (P = .008) in TAS-102 and regorafenib, respectively. The OS benefits were consistent regardless primary tumor location. Subgroup analysis with 174 T-R patients and 174 R-T patients was investigated for treatment sequences. TTF and OS had significant differences in both groups. Median TTF and OS were 8.5 months versus 6.3 months (P = .001) and 14.4 months versus 12.6 months (P = .035) in T-R and R-T groups, respectively. The TTF and OS benefits were persisted regardless primary tumor location.

Conclusion
TAS-102 first provided a better survival benefit in chemotherapy refractory patients with mCRC across all sidedness. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate our conclusions.
Multimodal imaging of structural damage and inflammation in psoriatic arthritis: a comparison of DMARD-naive and DMARD-failure patients
Authors: Renkli Nağme Ö , Kleinrensink Nienke J , Spierings Julia , Mastbergen Simon , Vonkeman Harald E , Mooij Shasti C , Schipper Lydia G , Herman Amin , ten Katen Iris , Nap Frank J , Hol Marjolein E , de Jong Pim A , Jansen Mylène P , Foppen Wouter ,   and the TOFA-PREDICT Author Group, Bhansing Kavish J , van Bijnen Sandra T A , Bisoendial Radjesh J , Comarniceanu Antoaneta C , Bon Lenny Geurts-van , Jahangier Z Nazira , Jansen Tim L T A , Kok Marc R , van Kuijk Arno W R , Leijten Emmerik F A , van Tubergen Astrid M , Vreugdenhil Simone A , Wijngaarden Siska 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To compare inflammatory and structural differences in active PsA between DMARD-naive and DMARD-failure patients using diverse imaging approaches for future analyses. Additionally, to explore the influence of patient characteristics (clinical and demographic variables) on imaging findings.

Methods
Of the 80 patients included from the first cohort of the ongoing multicentre TOFA-PREDICT trial, 40 were DMARD-naive and 40 were DMARD-failure (csDMARD failure; one prior bDMARD excluding etanercept was allowed), all meeting classification criteria for PsA with a minimum disease duration of eight weeks. Baseline conventional radiographs of hands and feet, MRIs of both ankles, and whole-body [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) were evaluated for inflammatory and structural imaging parameters, including Sharp-van der Heijde (SHS), Heel Enthesitis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scoring System (HEMRIS) and Deauville synovitis scoring. Differences between groups and the influence of patient characteristics were examined with multiple linear regression.

Results
At baseline, patient characteristics were similar between groups. Imaging parameters showed limited inflammation and structural damage. Inflammatory imaging parameters were not significantly different (P &gt; 0.200). Among structural parameters, only HEMRIS Achilles tendon structural damage was significantly different (P = 0.024, R2 = 0.071) and SHS Joint Space Narrowing was not statistically significant (P = 0.050, R2 = 0.048) with higher values for both in DMARD failures. After correction of patient characteristics, these differences in imaging disappeared (both P &gt; 0.600).

Conclusion
At baseline, PsA patient groups were comparable concerning structural and inflammatory imaging parameters, especially after correcting for patient characteristics. Thus, DMARD-naive and DMARD-failure patient groups may be combined in future PsA progression and treatment decision studies.

Trial registration
www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu. EudraCT: 2017–003900-28.
Effect of balanced vs. standard protein on muscle mass development in exercising horses
Authors: Graham-Thiers Patty M , Bowen L Kristen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Twelve horses weighing 570 ± 35 kg were split into two groups (standard protein, STD, and balanced protein, BAL) to evaluate the effect of balanced vs. unbalanced protein on muscle mass. Groups were fed grass hay and a 12% CP feed (one formulated for balanced protein). Horses were out of work for 14 wk prior and participated in 1 to 2 h of light-to-moderate exercise 5 d/wk for 12 wk. A 4-d total urine and feces collection period was conducted at the start and end of the study. Urine and feces samples were analyzed for nitrogen (N) to calculate N balance. Muscle mass status was evaluated using histochemistry, muscle scoring, and body measurements at the start and end of the study. Muscle biopsies were analyzed for free amino acid concentrations. An ANOVA was done using the Proc MIXED function of SAS (2006). Nitrogen retention was greater and urine nitrogen as a percent of intake less for the STD group at the end of the study (P = 0.01). Muscle free concentrations of methionine, leucine, phenylalanine, and arginine were greater in the BAL group at the end of the study compared to the STD group (P &lt; 0.04) while muscle free histidine, threonine, and valine were less for the STD group at the end of the study compared to the start of the study (P &lt; 0.05). Muscle fiber diameters were greater at the start of the study for the STD group (P = 0.004) but greater for the BAL group at the end of the study (P = 0.001). There is some evidence of improved muscle mass for the BAL group with greater muscle free amino acids (arginine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, and valine) as well as greater type II muscle fiber areas and diameters. While changes did not appear evident between groups at the “whole body” level, changes at the tissue level appear more evident.
Plant-Associated Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Database (PVD): A Resource Supporting Research on VOCs Produced by Plants and Plant-Associated Microbes
Authors: Shao Danying , Schlagnhaufer Carl , Bandara Ananda , Esker Paul D. , Kim Seong H. , Kellogg Joshua , Jang Ji-Soo , Kang Seogchan 
Published: August 2024

Diverse volatile organic compounds (VOCs) perform functions crucial for plant growth and health. However, studies on the nature and mechanisms of action of bioactive VOCs, except those mediating plant-insect interactions, lag considerably behind those on waterborne compounds. We built the Plant-Associated VOC Database (PVD) to facilitate research on VOCs released by plants and plant-associated microbes. This platform presents the physicochemical characteristics, biosynthetic pathways, and known or hypothesized functions of VOCs. We present the design, utility, and planned expansion of PVD. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Platelets at the intersection of inflammation and coagulation in the APC‐mediated response to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Slotabec Lily , Seale Blaise , Wang Hao , Wen Changhong , Filho Fernanda , Rouhi Nadiyeh , Adenawoola Michael I. , Li Ji 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThromboinflammation is a complex pathology associated with inflammation and coagulation. In cases of cardiovascular disease, in particular ischemia–reperfusion injury, thromboinflammation is a common complication. Increased understanding of thromboinflammation depends on an improved concept of the mechanisms of cells and proteins at the axis of coagulation and inflammation. Among these elements are activated protein C and platelets. This review summarizes the complex interactions of activated protein C and platelets regulating thromboinflammation in cardiovascular disease. By unraveling the pathways of platelets and APC in the inflammatory and coagulation cascades, this review summarizes the role of these vital mediators in the development and perpetuation of heart disease and the thromboinflammation‐driven complications of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, this review emphasizes the significance of the counteracting effects of platelets and APC and their combined role in disease states.
Incremental Yield of Whole-Genome Sequencing Over Chromosomal Microarray Analysis and Exome Sequencing for Congenital Anomalies in Prenatal Period and Infancy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shreeve N. , Sproule C. , Choy K. W. , Dong Z. , Gajewska-Knapik K. , Kilby M. D. , Mone F. 
Published: August 2024

(Abstracted from Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2024;63:15–23
Congenital anomalies can be diagnosed prenatally through genetic testing, including exome sequencing (ES), quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR), and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), in addition to whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Each method has anomalies it can better detect, with WGS having the greatest diagnostic capability.
Genicular Nerve Block for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Vilchez-Cavazos Félix , Gamboa Alonso Augusto A. , Simental-Mendía Mario , Peña-Martínez Víctor M. , Acosta-Olivo Carlos A. , Villarreal-Villarreal Gregorio A. 
Published: August 2024

Objectives:
Genicular nerve block (GNB) has emerged as a novel nonsurgical therapy for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The objective was to evaluate GNB versus placebo and other intra-articular (IA) therapies.

Methods:
The Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched from their inception to January 2021. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. A random-effects model and the generic inverse variance method were used for quantitative data synthesis. Heterogeneity was tested with the I
2 index.

Results:
Regarding pain statistically significant scores were demonstrated at 1 and 3 months overall total effect of 1.43 (95% CI, 0.86, 1.99; P=0.00001; I
2=85%). Similarly, for knee function a total effect of 0.71 (95% CI, 0.35, 1.06; P=0.00001; I
2=69%) at 1 and 3 months, statistically significant. The minimal clinically important difference regarding pain was achieved at 1 and 3 months.

Discussion:
Although, GNB achieved the MCID for KOA pain and statistically significant results for knee functions. We cannot recommend its routine use besides being a safe procedure so far, evidence is fair on GNB for primary KOA due to study heterogeneity and limited follow-up.
Comparative Study Between Single-limb Versus One-and-a-Half Hip Spica Cast in Fracture Femur in Young Children
Authors: Hamdy Mohamed S. , Sabry Ahmed O. , Helmy Bishoy A. , Hana Atef Z. , EL Zawahry Aly M.E. , Gamal Andrew 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Femoral fractures account for ∼1% to 2% of all pediatric bone injuries and are a common occurrence in children. The conservative approach, employing either a single or one-and-a-half spica casts, has been traditionally favored, yielding satisfactory outcomes in select cases. This study aims to compare both procedures regarding functional and radiologic outcomes, complications, and parents’ satisfaction.

Methods:
In this randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 84 pediatric patients, aged between 2 and 6 years, presenting with femoral fractures. Participants were randomly allocated into 2 groups; one receiving single-limb spica cast fixation (n=42) and the other receiving one-and-a-half spica cast fixation (n=42). We assessed postprocedural functional and radiologic outcomes. Other evaluations focused on parental ease in maintaining hygiene for the casted child, the child’s mobility capabilities including standing and crawling, and the incidence of skin complications.

Results:
No significant variance was observed between the 2 groups concerning the time to bone union, and the overall complication rates. Parental satisfaction was notably higher in the single-limb spica group, particularly regarding the ease of maintaining hygiene for the casted child and the child’s mobility while encased in the cast (P<0.001). Furthermore, a significant correlation was identified between the one-and-a-half spica application and the increased occurrence of skin pressure ulcers (P<0.001).

Conclusion:
Both single-limb and one-and-a-half spica cast applications demonstrated comparable results in functional and radiologic outcomes, as well as in complication rates. However, parents favored the single-limb method due to its facilitation of a more manageable lifestyle for both the child and their parents. These considerations suggest that the single-limb hip spica cast fixation may be preferable in managing pediatric femoral fractures.

Level of Evidence:
Level II.
Rigid Thoracolumbar Orthosis Does Not Improve Outcomes of Acute Adolescent Spondylolysis as Compared with Placebo. Bony Union Predicts Improved Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes at 2-year Follow-Up
Authors: Virkki Ella , Holstila Milja , Kolari Terhi , Lastikka Markus , Mattila Kimmo , Malmi Sari , Pajulo Olli , Helenius Ilkka 
Published: August 2024

Study Design.
A prospective, comparative study on clinical, radiographic, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes in adolescents with acute spondylolysis treated with a rigid thoracolumbar orthosis (Boston brace) or with a placebo (elastic lumbar support) with a 2-year follow-up time.

Objective.
To compare outcomes of acute adolescent spondylolysis treated with a rigid thoracolumbar orthosis or a placebo with a 2-year follow-up time.

Summary of Background Data.
The benefits of the use of rigid orthosis for treatment of spondylolysis and achieving bony union of spondylolysis remains unclear.

Methods.
Sixty consecutive patients with acute spondylolysis were prospectively enrolled. Three patients were excluded from analysis as they did not fulfill inclusion criteria. First 14 patients were randomized and the remaining 46 chose treatment method themselves. Treatment time was four months and follow-up time was two years. HRQoL was measured using Scoliosis Research Society-24 (SRS-24) outcome questionnaire. The primary outcome was the HRQoL at 24 months and whether treatment type, bony union of the spondylolysis or development of spondylolisthesis affected it.

Results.
Thirty (30/57) patients were treated with a Boston brace and twenty-seven (27/57) patients with a placebo. The bony union rate of spondylolysis did not differ between study groups (20/30 vs 17/27, respectively, P=0.789). The HRQoL did not differ between treatment groups in the SRS-24 domains through follow-up (P>0.05 for all). Five patients (5/57) developed spondylolisthesis (mean slip 4.2 mm) during two-year follow-up time. Non-union of the spondylolysis predicted development of spondylolisthesis (P=0.005), but treatment type did not affect it (P>0.05). Two years after treatment patients who had bony union had higher SRS-24 total (P=0.005) and satisfaction domain (P<0.001) compared to patients with non-union.

Conclusion.
A rigid brace is not necessary for treatment of acute spondylolysis. Achieving bony union of adolescent spondylolysis is desirable as their HRQoL is higher at two years.

Level of Evidence.
II
HIV-associated tuberculosis in infants, children, and adolescents younger than 15 years: an update on the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment
Authors: Lishman Juanita , Frigati Lisa J. , Rabie Helena 
Published: August 2024

Purpose of review
HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) remains a major driver of morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents younger than 15 years (CLWH). The purpose of this review is to highlight recent findings in the areas of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV-associated TB in CLWH and to highlight knowledge and implementation gaps.

Recent findings
We found that despite access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), high rates of HIV-associated TB are still reported, and with an unacceptably high mortality. There are no advances in screening for TB, but shorter courses of rifapentine-based TB preventive therapy are becoming available. The use of algorithms in TB diagnosis can potentially simplify the therapeutic decision making. There are more data supporting the use of dolutegravir (DTG) with rifampicin and a need to study unadjusted DTG especially in the youngest children. Short course therapy for nonsevere pulmonary TB is currently implemented and programmatic outcome should be studied in CLWH. Low uptake of ART and poor suppression remains an important driver of HIV-associated TB.

Summary
Although screening and diagnosis remains challenging, there are several advances in the prevention and treatment of HIV-associated TB. Effective implementation of these strategies is needed to advance the outcomes of CLWH.
Association of longitudinal changes in 24-h blood pressure level and variability with cognitive decline
Authors: Melgarejo Jesus D. , Vatcheva Kristina P. , Mejia-Arango Silvia , Charisis Sokratis , Patil Dhrumil , Mena Luis J. , Garcia Antonio , Alliey-Rodriguez Ney , Satizabal Claudia L. , Chavez Carlos A. , Gaona Ciro , Silva Egle , Mavarez Rosa P. , Lee Joseph H. , Terwilliger Joseph D. , Blangero John , Seshadri Sudha , Maestre Gladys E. 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
A high office blood pressure (BP) is associated with cognitive decline. However, evidence of 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring is limited, and no studies have investigated whether longitudinal changes in 24-h BP are associated with cognitive decline. We aimed to test whether higher longitudinal changes in 24-h ambulatory BP measurements are associated with cognitive decline.

Methods:
We included 437 dementia-free participants from the Maracaibo Aging Study with prospective data on 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring and cognitive function, which was assessed using the selective reminding test (SRT) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Using multivariate linear mixed regression models, we analyzed the association between longitudinal changes in measures of 24-h ambulatory BP levels and variability with cognitive decline.

Results:
Over a median follow-up of 4 years (interquartile range, 2–5 years), longitudinal changes in 24-h BP level were not associated with cognitive function (P ≥ 0.09). Higher longitudinal changes in 24-h and daytime BP variability were related to a decline in SRT-delayed recall score; the adjusted scores lowered from −0.10 points [95% confidence interval (CI), −0.16 to −0.04) to −0.07 points (95% CI, −0.13 to −0.02). We observed that a higher nighttime BP variability during follow-up was associated with a decline in the MMSE score (adjusted score lowered from −0.08 to −0.06 points).

Conclusion:
Higher 24-h BP variability, but not BP level, was associated with cognitive decline. Prior to or in the early stages of cognitive decline, 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring might guide strategies to reduce the risk of major dementia-related disorders including Alzheimer's disease.