bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Graphitic Nanocapsules for Programmed DNA Fishing and Detection
Authors: Song Zhi‐Ling , Zhao Xu‐Hua , Liu Wei‐Na , Ding Ding , Bian Xia , Liang Hao , Zhang Xiao‐Bing , Chen Zhuo , Tan Weihong 
Published: December 2012

AbstractGraphene nanomaterials are typically used in biosensing applications, and they have been demonstrated as good fluorescence quenchers. While many conventional amplification platforms are available, developing new nanomaterials and establishing simple, enzyme‐free and low‐cost strategies for high sensitivity biosensing is still challenging. Therefore, in this work, a core–shell magnetic graphitic nanocapsule (MGN) material is synthesized and its capabilities for the detection of biomolecules are investigated. MGN combines the unique properties of graphene and magnetic particles into one simple and sensitive biosensing platform, which quenches around 98% of the dye fluorescence within minutes. Based on a programmed multipurpose DNA capturing and releasing strategy, the MGN sensing platform demonstrates an outstanding capacity to fish, enrich, and detect DNA. Target DNA molecules as low as 50 pM could be detected, which is 3‐fold lower than the limit of detection commonly achieved by carbon nanotube and graphene‐based fluorescent biosensors. Moreover, the MGN platform exhibits good sensing specificity against DNA mismatch tests. Overall, therefore, these magnetic graphitic nanocapsules demonstrate a promising tool for molecular disease diagnosis and biomedicine. This simple fishing and enrichment strategy may also be extended to other biological and environmental applications and systems.
A competitive particle swarm optimizer and its application to wireless sensor networks
Authors: Nakano Hidehiro , Taguchi Yu , Kanamori Yuta , Utani Akihide , Miyauchi Arata , Yamamoto Hisao 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn this paper, a simple competitive particle swarm optimizer for finding plural acceptable solutions is proposed. In the proposed algorithm, particles are divided into plural groups corresponding to the required number of solutions. The groups simultaneously search for solutions in their own priority search regions. These regions prevent the different groups from searching for the same solutions. The proposed algorithm can effectively find desired plural acceptable solutions without introducing complex judgments for convergences to each solution and without increasing the number of search iterations. Also, the proposed algorithm can easily control distances between these solutions by adjusting a single additional parameter. Through numerical experiments, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified. In addition, the proposed algorithm is applied to a problem in wireless sensor networks. It is shown that obtained results can contribute to prolonging lifetime of such networks. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Application of magnetic ribbon coated with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxy‐thiophene)/poly(4‐styrenesulfonate) to a wireless humidity sensor
Authors: Ishii Osamu , Kakehata Ryo , Kutsuzawa Nobuaki , Okuzaki Hidenori 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis paper describes a wireless humidity sensor that employs the mechanical resonance frequency, fr, change in a magnetic ribbon coated with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(4‐styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS). PEDOT/PSS expands or contracts by several percentage when it absorbs or desorbs water vapor, and so the curvature, 1/R, of the ribbon varies in response to changes in relative humidity, RH. It is also proved that fr is proportional to 1/R. Consequently, RH can be detected by monitoring the fr using a pickup coil placed away from the ribbon; fr changes from 68 kHz at RH = 87% to 148 kHz at RH = 0%. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Improvement of continuous‐wave terahertz imaging system for cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis
Authors: Zhang Hongbing , Mitobe Kazutaka , Kabir Mahmudul , Suzuki Masafumi , Mitobe Yoko , Habuchi Tomonori , Yoshimura Noboru 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe have successfully achieved terahertz imaging of cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis of egg albumin using continuous‐wave imaging at 0.189 THz. A sample holder has been devised that can eliminate the membrane crook generated in the drying process after electrophoresis. A probe has been also fabricated, which was assembled with a Schottky barrier diode detector to detect the terahertz signal. A higher spatial resolution of 0.3 mm was achieved, which is 6.83 times the 2.05‐mm resolution without using the probe. Terahertz images of cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis of egg albumin of 2 µl was obtained, in which the positions of protein were perfectly in accordance with the stained images. The technology can be used instead of the staining method for cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Meta‐analysis of second‐trimester markers for trisomy 21
Authors: Agathokleous M. , Chaveeva P. , Poon L. C. Y. , Kosinski P. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: December 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo summarize by meta‐analysis the accumulated data on the screening performance of second‐trimester sonographic markers for fetal trisomy 21.MethodsWe conducted a literature search to identify studies between 1995 and September 2012 that provided data on the incidence of sonographic markers in trisomy 21 and euploid fetuses at 14–24 weeks' gestation. Weighted independent estimates of detection rate, false‐positive rate and positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR) of markers were calculated.ResultsA total of 48 studies was included in the analysis. The pooled estimates of positive and negative LR were, respectively: 5.83 (95% CI, 5.02–6.77) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.75–0.86) for intracardiac echogenic focus; 27.52 (95% CI, 13.61–55.68) and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.91–0.98) for ventriculomegaly; 23.30 (95% CI, 14.35–37.83) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.74–0.85) for increased nuchal fold; 11.44 (95% CI, 9.05–14.47) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.86–0.94) for hyperechogenic bowel; 7.63 (95% CI, 6.11–9.51) and 0.92 (95% CI, 0.89–0.96) for mild hydronephrosis; 3.72 (95% CI, 2.79–4.97) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.73–0.88) for short femur; 4.81 (95% CI, 3.49–6.62) and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.63–0.88) for short humerus; 21.48 (95% CI, 11.48–40.19) and 0.71 (95% CI, 0.57–0.88) for aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA); and 23.27 (95% CI, 14.23–38.06) and 0.46 (95% CI, 0.36–0.58) for absent or hypoplastic nasal bone. The combined negative LR, obtained by multiplying the values of individual markers, was 0.13 (95% CI, 0.05–0.29) when short femur but not short humerus was included and 0.12 (95% CI, 0.06–0.29) when short humerus but not short femur was included.ConclusionThe presence of sonographic markers increases, and absence of such markers decreases, the risk for trisomy 21. In the case of most isolated markers there is only a small effect on modifying the pre‐test odds for trisomy 21, but with ventriculomegaly,
nuchal fold thickness and ARSA there is a 3–4‐fold increase in risk and with hypoplastic nasal bone a 6–7‐fold increase. Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lymphatic vessels in health and disease
Authors: Kesler Cristina T. , Liao Shan , Munn Lance L. , Padera Timothy P. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThe lymphatic vasculature plays vital roles in tissue fluid balance, immune defense, metabolism, and cancer metastasis. In adults, lymphatic vessel formation and remodeling occur primarily during inflammation, development of the corpus luteum, wound healing, and tumor growth. Unlike the blood circulation, where unidirectional flow is sustained by the pumping actions of the heart, pumping actions intrinsic to the lymphatic vessels themselves are important drivers of lymphatic flow. This review summarizes critical components that control lymphatic physiology. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2013, 5:111–124. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1201This article is categorized under:

Physiology > Mammalian Physiology in Health and Disease
Mesoproterozoic Differential Metasomatism in Subcontinental Lithospheric Mantle of Central Indian Tectonic Zone: Evidence from Major and Trace Element Geochemistry of Padhar Mafic-Ultramafic Complex
Authors: Chakraborty Kasturi , Roy Abhinaba 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Metasomatism above subduction zone is an important process capable of producing a heterogeneous mantle wedge with locally varying characters. This, in turn, leads to variation in character of the mafic and intermediate rocks produced through partial melting of lithospheric mantle. The Padhar mafic-ultramafic complex is situated in western part of the Betul belt, Central India, shows enrichment in Rb, Ba, Th and Pb and depletion in Nb, Hf and Zr. Major and trace element data along with REE, confirms the presence of a metasomatized mantle above a Mesoproterozoic subduction zone. Differential petrological evolution, corresponding to the different magma batches, as reflected in almost all of the binary element / oxide variation diagrams, testifies small scale metasomatic heterogeneity in the underlying suprasubduction zone mantle wedge.
Generation of Granitic Plutons during Crustal Orogenesis: An Example from the Eastern Ghats Granulite Belt
Authors: Kar Rajib 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Stock-like granite plutons in the Eastern Ghats belt and their host granulites exhibit similar solid state fabric. Both mineralogically and chemically these plutons are peraluminous and granitic in composition with S-type granite affinities. The granite plutons are product of a variety of mica dehydration melting reactions, as evident from their (1) compositional plots in the (FeO + MgO) - Na2O.Al2O3 – K2O.Al2O3(MNK) pseudoternary diagram and (2) trace element contents. Muscovite and/or biotite breakdown reaction with or without plagioclase are the characteristic melting reactions. Restitic signature is evident in the host metapelitic granulites, locally known as khondalites (Qtz-Kfs-Grt-Sil-Fe-Ti oxides-bearing gneisses). The compositional variability of the associated khondalites can be a result of (1) original compositional variation and (2) they represent different stages of restites. Trace element monitoring following restite separation model suggests that these granite plutons are largely saturated equilibrium melts. The granites are chemically discriminated as syn-collisional. The plutons could also be the product of segregation during the regional exhumation of the Eastern Ghats terrain.
Foraminifera from Jurassic Sediments of Keera Dome, Kutch
Authors: Talib A. , Gaur K.N. , Sisodia A.K. , Bhat Bilal A. , Irshad Roohi 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
A foraminiferal assemblage comprising 30 species dominated by the family Vaginulinidae is recovered from the Chari Formation exposed at Keera Dome, Kutch. The paper presents a systematic account of eight species, reported for the first time form the Indian region. Preliminary interpretations regarding age and palaeoenvironment are drawn on the basis of the recovered foraminiferal assemblage. The assemblage supports a Callovian to Oxfordian age for the studied sequence. A near shore, open marine environment ranging from mid to outer shelf is interpreted on the basis of the foraminiferal assemblage.
Hydraulic Significance of Fracture Correlated Lineaments in Precambrian Rocks in Purulia District, West Bengal
Authors: Acharya Tapas , Nag Sisir Kanti , Basumallik Sukumar 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Filter analysis of lineaments in Precambrian metamorphic rocks was used to delineate fracture-correlated lineaments and hydraulically significant fractures. The unfiltered analysis technique fails to show correlation between major lineaments and fractures. Domain-based and discrete filtering techniques successfully identify fracture-correlated lineaments within the brittle-ductile shear zone in conjunction with fractures characterized by high fracture frequencies (&gt;10/m). The locales of hydraulically significant fractures can thus be assessed if the geological controls governing the spatial distribution of fracture frequencies are computed using structural domain approach. The concurrence of fracture-correlated lineaments and hydraulically significant fractures within the brittle-ductile shear zone is evident.
Lyapunov exponents in Hilbert geometry
Authors: CRAMPON MICKAËL 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe study the Lyapunov exponents of the geodesic flow of a Hilbert geometry. We prove that all of the information is contained in the shape of the boundary at the endpoint of the chosen orbit. We have to introduce a regularity property of convex functions to make this link precise. As a consequence, Lyapunov manifolds tangent to the Lyapunov splitting appear very easily. All of this work can be seen as a consequence of convexity and the flatness of Hilbert geometries.
TETRAVALENT ARC-TRANSITIVE GRAPHS WITH UNBOUNDED VERTEX-STABILIZERS
Authors: POTOČNIK PRIMOŽ , SPIGA PABLO , VERRET GABRIEL 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIt has long been known that there exist finite connected tetravalent arc-transitive graphs with arbitrarily large vertex-stabilizers. However, beside a well-known family of exceptional graphs, related to the lexicographic product of a cycle with an edgeless graph on two vertices, only a few such infinite families of graphs are known. In this paper, we present two more families of tetravalent arc-transitive graphs with large vertex-stabilizers, each significant for its own reason.
Cannabis use as an indicator of risk for mental health problems in adolescents: a population-based study at secondary schools
Authors: van Gastel W. A. , Tempelaar W. , Bun C. , Schubart C. D. , Kahn R. S. , Plevier C. , Boks M. P. M. 
Published: December 2012

BackgroundAlthough the association between cannabis use and a wide range of psychiatric symptoms is fairly well established, it is not clear whether cannabis use is also a risk factor for general mental health problems at secondary school.MethodA total of 10 324 secondary school children aged 11–16 years, participating in an ongoing Public Health Service School Survey, gave information on demographics, substance use, school factors and stressful life events and completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).ResultsCannabis use in the past month was associated with a clinically relevant score on the SDQ [unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 4.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.46–5.76]. Other risk factors associated with poor psychosocial functioning were: a low level of education, alcohol use, cigarette smoking, hard drug use, frequent truancy, an unfavourable school evaluation, feeling unsafe at school, being victimized, frequent absence due to illness, a mentally ill parent, molestation by a parent, financial problems and feeling distressed by an adverse event. In a full model adjusting for these risk factors, cannabis was not significantly associated with mental health problems, although an association at trend level was apparent. Of these risk factors, regular alcohol use, cigarette smoking, hard drug use, frequent truancy, an unfavourable school evaluation and frequent absence due to illness were also associated with cannabis use.ConclusionsThe association between cannabis use and poor psychosocial functioning in adolescence is due, at least in part, to confounding by other risk factors. Thus, cannabis use can best be viewed as an indicator of risk for mental health problems in adolescence.
Efficacy and safety of individual second-generation vs. first-generation antipsychotics in first-episode psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jian-Ping , Gallego Juan A. , Robinson Delbert G. , Malhotra Anil K. , Kane John M. , Correll Christoph U. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractBecause early treatment choice is critical in first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (FES), this meta-analysis compared efficacy and tolerability of individual second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) with first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) in FES. We conducted systematic literature search (until 12 December 2010) and meta-analysis of acute, randomized trials with ⩾1 FGA vs. SGA comparison; patients in their first episode of psychosis and diagnosed with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders; available data for psychopathology change, treatment response, treatment discontinuation, adverse effects, or cognition. Across 13 trials (n = 2509), olanzapine (seven trials) and amisulpride (one trial) outperformed FGAs (haloperidol: 9/13 trials) in 9/13 and 8/13 efficacy outcomes, respectively, risperidone (eight trials) in 4/13, quetiapine (one trial) in 3/13 and clozapine (two trials) and ziprasidone (one trial) in 1/13, each. Compared to FGAs, extrapyramidal symptom (EPS)-related outcomes were less frequent with olanzapine, risperidone and clozapine, but weight gain was greater with clozapine, olanzapine and risperidone. Pooled SGAs were similar to FGAs regarding total psychopathology change, depression, treatment response and metabolic changes. SGAs significantly outperformed FGAs regarding lower treatment discontinuation, irrespective of cause, negative symptoms, global cognition and less EPS and akathisia, while SGAs increased weight more (p < 0.05–0.01). Results were not affected by FGA dose or publication bias, but industry-sponsored studies favoured SGAs more than federally funded studies. To summarize, in FES, olanzapine, amisulpride and, less so, risperidone and quetiapine showed superior efficacy, greater treatment persistence and less EPS than FGAs. However, weight increase with olanzapine, risperidone and clozapine and metabolic changes with olanzapine were greater. Additional FES studies including broader-based SGAs and FGAs are needed.
GEM: A distributed goal evaluation algorithm for trust management
Authors: TRIVELLATO DANIEL , ZANNONE NICOLA , ETALLE SANDRO 
Published: December 2012

AbstractTrust management is an approach to access control in distributed systems where access decisions are based on policy statements issued by multiple principals and stored in a distributed manner. In trust management, the policy statements of a principal can refer to other principals' statements; thus, the process of evaluating an access request (i.e., a goal) consists of finding a “chain” of policy statements that allows the access to the requested resource. Most existing goal evaluation algorithms for trust management either rely on a centralized evaluation strategy, which consists of collecting all the relevant policy statements in a single location (and therefore they do not guarantee the confidentiality of intensional policies), or do not detect the termination of the computation (i.e., when all the answers of a goal are computed). In this paper, we present GEM, a distributed goal evaluation algorithm for trust management systems that relies on function-free logic programming for the specification of policy statements. GEM detects termination in a completely distributed way without disclosing intensional policies, thereby preserving their confidentiality. We demonstrate that the algorithm terminates and is sound and complete with respect to the standard semantics for logic programs.
Legal Skills: Ensuring ‘Appy Students
Authors: Allbon Emily , Dua Sanmeet Kaur 
Published: December 2012

AbstractLaw has been a little slow off the mark in the UK when it comes to the world of mobile applications (apps). In an environment where students spend more time using mobile applications than they do browsing the internet, the authors were keen to take their Learnmore website to the next stage by developing an app for law students. The Learnmore website (part of the Lawbore suite of resources from City University) has received much attention for its quirky visuals, multimedia learning tools and winning marriage of librarian and student generated content. With an ultimate aim of easing the transition between A-levels and degree and making the ‘building blocks’ of legal skills more interesting. Emily and Sanmeet secured substantial funding from JISC after a call for universities to create mobile apps from existing content, teaming up with a colleague in City University's Human Computer Interaction and Design department. The app was to be designed to help students learn essential legal skills in an innovative way, employing more interaction than was possible via the web. The emphasis on video content meant an early decision to fix on iPad rather than iPhone as the tool for mobile learning. The JISC funding paid for the services of a developer to help bring their ideas to life. This paper looks at the transformation from standard wiki to mobile application; focusing on the process of developing the concept for the app and the major milestones, as well as providing an insight into the expected challenges along the way. These included: working in a multidisciplinary team, communication of ideas, recognising the differences required in design for an app as opposed to a website and managing conflicting visions. The team motto was that creating an app cannot be simply a re-skinning process; but a re-working of content to to ensure a truly effective learning resource.
Discovering the Digitised Law Library of Heritage Collections: A Collaborative Achievement Between French Libraries
Authors: Bonello Claire 
Published: December 2012

AbstractThis article, written by Claire Bonello, presents the French collaborative project to digitise, spread and preserve heritage law collections. As a result, Gallica, the French national digital and encyclopedic library, gives freely access to a “law information universe”. This digital law library from heritage collections on Gallica is set to become a central point of access to legal contents for researchers as well as for jurists.
3‐D active source tomography around Simeulue Island offshore Sumatra: Thick crustal zone responsible for earthquake segment boundary
Authors: Tang Genyang , Barton Penny J. , McNeill Lisa C. , Henstock Timothy J. , Tilmann Frederik , Dean Simon M. , Jusuf Muhammad D. , Djajadihardja Yusuf S. , Permana Haryadi , Klingelhoefer Frauke , Kopp Heidrun 
Published: December 2012

AbstractWe present a detailed 3‐D P‐wave velocity model obtained by first‐arrival travel‐time tomography with seismic refraction data in the segment boundary of the Sumatra subduction zone across Simeulue Island, and an image of the top of the subducted oceanic crust extracted from depth‐migrated multi‐channel seismic reflection profiles. We have picked P‐wave first arrivals of the air‐gun source seismic data recorded by local networks of ocean‐bottom seismometers, and inverted the travel‐times for a 3‐D velocity model of the subduction zone. This velocity model shows an anomalous zone of intermediate velocities between those of oceanic crust and mantle that is associated with raised topography on the top of the oceanic crust. We interpret this feature as a thickened crustal zone in the subducting plate with compositional and topographic variations, providing a primary control on the upper plate structure and on the segmentation of the 2004 and 2005 earthquake ruptures.