bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chatting with Interactive Memory for Text-based Person Retrieval (ChinaMM 2024)
Authors: He Chen , Li Shenshen , Wang Zheng , Chen Hua , Shen Fumin , Xu Xing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Text-based person retrieval aims to match a specific pedestrian image with textual descriptions. Traditional approaches have largely focused on utilizing a "single-shot" query with text description.They may not align well with real-world scenarios and cannot fully encapsulate detailed cues since users may employ multiple and partial queries to describe a pedestrian. To overcome this discrepancy, we introduce a novel model termed Chatting with Interactive Memory (CIM) for the text-based person retrieval task. Our CIM model facilitates a more nuanced and interactive search process by allowing users to engage in multiple rounds of dialogue, providing a more comprehensive description of the person of interest. The proposed CIM model is structured around two pivotal components: (1) The Interactive Retrieval Module, leveraging interactive memory to dynamically process dialogue and enhance image retrieval, and (2) The Q&A Module, crafted to simulate real user interactions. Our extensive evaluations on three widely-used datasets CUHK-PEDES, ICFG-PEDES, and RSTPReid illustrate the superior performance of the proposed CIM framework, significantly improving the precision and user engagement in text-based person retrieval tasks.
Measurement and Analysis of the Effect of Solar Flare Turbulence on Thermal X-ray Flux Propagation
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Choudhary R. K. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The impact of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) turbulence of the solar flare plasma atmosphere on the thermal X-ray flux propagation in 1−10 keV energy range has been examined. As the MHD turbulence consists density, velocity and magnetic field fluctuations, we specifically examined how the fluctuations in the density field over the inertial sub-range affect the index of refraction of the atmosphere. The fluctuations in the index of refraction lead to variations in the properties of X-ray flux of 1 − 10 keV energy passing through it – a phe nomenon known as optical turbulence. We measured and analysed parameters of optical turbulence and spatial coherence by using the structure and second order mutual coherence functions. The mean values obtained were: index of refraction ≈ 1.309885 × 10 −4 , index of refraction structure constant ≈ 1.70856 × 10 −13 m −2/3 , Kolmogorov power density spectrum ≈ 7.38468 × 10 11 J m −3 , spatial coherence radius ≈ 8.76129 × 10 −12 m, and spatial coherence ≈ 5.75347 17 × 10 −24 m 2. We observed that the spatial coherence parameters decreased as the turbulence strength increased over the inertial sub-range length scale of the turbulence. This indicates that the density fluctuations significantly affect the spatial coherence properties of the thermal X-ray flux passing through it. Our findings exhibit the presence of strong optical turbulence covering the entire loop half-length of the solar flare. The analysis of the results show a compressible, density fluctuations and dispersive nature of the X-ray flux over the inertial sub-range scale in the solar flare turbulence. The density fluctuation is found associated with the non-linear cascade of the turbulent energy, compressible, fast and slow modes of the MHD turbulence.
WITHDRAWN: Regional Slope Stability Modeling in Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalaya to Understand the Impact of Gravity Loading and Seismic Shaking
Authors: Sengupta Arnab , Nath Sankar Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Plenty of progress has been made in the field of regional-scale slope stability mapping in response to the urgent need for effective ways to lessen the effects of both gravity- and earthquake-caused landslides. Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalaya has faced considerable slope instability issues attributed to a combination of factors such as rainfall, seismic shaking, complex lithological compositions and tectonic setting. In order to map the terrain stability in the region, Newmark displacement (Dn) model has been applied to estimate the Factor of Safety (FoS), Critical Acceleration (αc) and Displacement (Dn). Utilizing a geospatial dataset comprising a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), shear strength data for soil and rock obtained from an in-depth in-situ measurement using rotary drilling for estimating physical and shear parameters such as, unit weight, cohesion and angle of friction, etc., and surface-consistent peak ground acceleration (pga-g) with a return period of 475 years, these datasets have been converted into a grid with a spatial resolution of 12.5×12.5m on Geographical Information System (GIS). The estimated of Factor of Safety (FoS), Critical Acceleration and co-seismic landslide displacement are calculated by integrating them into a dynamic model based on Newmark's Displacement. The calculated FoS ranges from 0.59–5.6, indicating that about 37% of the terrain becomes unstable as a result of rainfall and gravity-induced failure. The measured displacement (Dn) varies from 0-10cm, suggesting that sliding blocks become unstable due to seismic shaking as well. This investigation provides future disaster mitigation and management strategies to address perennial landslide devastation caused in this terrain.
Seismic Fragility Curves With Unconventional Ground Motion Intensity Measures From Physics-based Simulations
Authors: Franco Ileana Elizabeth Monsalvo , Smerzini Chiara , Rosti Annalisa , Rota Maria , Paolucci Roberto , Penna Andrea 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper explores the performance of different ground motion intensity measures in observational fragility studies, using damage data from the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake and leveraging physics-based numerical simulations to calibrate fragility functions. The dataset included masonry and reinforced concrete (RC) buildings typical of the Italian building stock. The optimality of a wide set of intensity measures was assessed with two methodologies introduced specifically in this work for such purpose. Results from both methodologies are consistent, highlighting the superior performance of average spectral acceleration, particularly in RC buildings. On the other hand, peak ground acceleration was found to perform well especially for masonry buildings. Among integral intensity measures, Housner intensity emerged as the most effective, while Arias intensity and cumulative absolute velocity displayed weaker correlations with damage. Although based on a single case study, these findings offer initial insights into the optimality (efficiency, proficiency and practicality) of different intensity measures for observational seismic fragility studies and underscore the potential of PBS in enhancing region- and site-specific seismic risk assessments.
Retention of Nickel, Cobalt and Chromium in skin at conditions mimicking intense hand hygiene practices using water, soap, and hand-disinfectant in vitro
Authors: Vilela Libe , Schenk Linda , Julander Anneli , Midander Klara 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, increased hand hygiene practices using water, soap and hand disinfectants, became prevalent, particularly among frontline workers. This study investigates the impact of these practices on the skin's ability to retain the allergenic metals nickel, cobalt, and chromium. The study constitutes three parts: I) creating an altered skin barrier, and exposing treated and untreated skin to II) nickel alone, and III) in co-exposure with cobalt and chromium.
Methods
Using full-thickness skin from stillborn piglets, in vitro experiments were conducted to assess retention of metals in skin at conditions mimicking intense hand hygiene practices. Treatment of skin with varying concentrations of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), 0.5–10%, to alter its barrier integrity was assessed. This was followed by exposure of treated and untreated skin to the metals, that were dissolved in Milli-Q water, 0.5% SLS, and ethanol respectively.
Results
Results showed that pre-treatment with 5% SLS altered the skin barrier with regards to the measure of trans epidermal water loss (TEWL). The highest amounts of metal retained in skin were observed for exposure to nickel in ethanol. Co-exposure to nickel, cobalt, and chromium in 0.5% SLS resulted in the highest amounts of metal retention in both untreated and treated skin. Linear regression analysis indicated that SLS treatment, exposure solvent, time, and metal combination significantly affected nickel retention.
Conclusions
The in vitro findings highlight the increased risk of metal retention in skin due to a compromised barrier, as a result of, for example, intensive hand hygiene practices. Hence, occupational settings with frequent exposure to water, soap and disinfectants need to consider protective measures not only for the irritant exposures themselves but also simultaneous exposure to allergenic metals.
Evaluation of Risk Factors for Periprosthetic Joint Infection Following Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Multivariate Analysis Study
Authors: Şahin Koray , Kaya Hakan Batuhan , Demirkıran Cemil Burak , Ziroğlu Nezih , Bilsel Kerem , Kapıcıoğlu Mehmet 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) has been widely used for treatment of shoulder pathologies, particularly rotator cuff tear arthropathy. Currently, it is also increasingly performed for different indications. Like in any arthroplasty procedure, periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most concerning complications and may have devastating outcomes. This study aimed to identify risk factors for PJI following RSA.
Methods
This retrospective case-control study was conducted with patients who underwent RSA during study period. Based on PJI occurence during follow-up period, patients were divided into two groups: Group I (no infection) and Group II (infection). The relationship between numerous clinical variables and PJI was tested. All variables were initially evaluated through univariate analysis between the two groups, and variables showing significant differences between the two study groups were subjected to multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine independent risk factors.
Results
The study included 302 patients, with a mean age of 69.6 ± 10.1 years and a mean follow-up duration of 59.8 ± 24.7 months. During follow-up period, PJI was not detected in 289 patients (95.7%) (Group I), while 13 patients (4.3%) developed PJI (Group II). Univariate analysis revealed a significant association for preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) value (p = 0.001) and preoperative diabetes history (p = 0.007) with PJI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis including these two variables showed that diabetes was an independent risk factor for PJI development (p = 0.01, odds ratio = 4.85). Preoperative CRP elevation was not observed as an independent risk factor.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated a significant association between high preoperative CRP levels and diabetes with PJI. Additionally, the presence of diabetes was identified as an independent risk factor for infection, with a 4.85-fold higher risk of PJI development in patients with a history of diabetes.
Establishment and validation of a dynamic nomogram to predict short-term prognosis and benefit of human immunoglobulin therapy in patients with novel bunyavirus sepsis in a population analysis study: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Yang Kai , Quan Bin , Xiao Lingyan , Yang Jianghua , Shi Dongyang , Liu Yongfu , Chen Jun , Cui Daguang , Zhang Ying , Xu Jianshe , Yuan Qi , Zheng Yishan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective:This study sought to establish and validate a dynamic nomogram model for predicting short-term prognosis and identifying the population that benefits from intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy in patients with novel bunyavirus sepsis.
Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted on 396 patients diagnosed with SFTS. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses identified significant predictors of mortality. Machine learning models, including Random Survival Forest, Stepwise Cox Modeling, and Lasso Cox Regression, were compared for their predictive performance. The optimal model, incorporating consciousness, LDH, AST, and age, was used to construct a dynamic nomogram. The nomogram’s performance was validated in training, validation, and external test sets. Additionally, the impact of IVIG therapy on survival was assessed within high-risk groups identified by the nomogram.
Results:The dynamic nomogram demonstrated excellent predictive performance with an AUC of 0.903 in the training set, 0.933 in the validation set, and 0.852 in the test set, outperforming SOFA and APACHE II scores. Calibration curves confirmed the model’s accuracy. In the high-risk group, patients receiving IVIG therapy exhibited significantly improved survival compared to those who did not, with a hazard ratio of 1.756 (95% CI 1.019-3.028) in the nomogram model.
Conclusion: The dynamic nomogram effectively predicts short-term prognosis and identifies the population that benefits from IVIG therapy in patients with novel bunyavirus sepsis. This tool can aid clinicians in risk stratification and personalized treatment decisions, potentially improving patient outcomes.
Translation and Validation of Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale - Children and Adolescents (BDEFS-CA) in Azerbaijani
Authors: Aghayeva Kamala 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background Diagnosing neurodevelopmental disorders can sometimes be challenging, especially when the clinical presentation is different from what is normally observed. Evaluating executive functions can provide valuable information about children’s and adolescents’ mental states. There is no available executive function rating scale for Azerbaijani. From this perspective, there is great utility in translating and validating the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale – Children and Adolescents (BDEF-CA). For this research, we decided to use the short form of the BDEF-CA. The rating scale was translated into the Azerbaijani by a bilingual clinical psychologist and by a professional translator. After performing backward translation, the final version was prepared, read and approved by two professors in the psychology department at the university. The study population included 148 parents of children aged 6-17 years (78 boys and 70 girls).
Results The findings of this research support the validity and reliability of the Azerbaijani translation of the BDEF-CA short version (Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficient were both greater than 0.9, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results indicated an adequate fit).
Conclusion The short version of the Azerbaijani translation of the BDEF-CA could be used for assessing executive functioning deficits in children and adolescents.
Comparing open and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy – a single institution report
Authors: Roaldsen Marius , Lohne Vetle , Stenberg Thor , Patel Hiten , Aarsaether Erling 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Open partial nephrectomy (OPN) has previously been considered the gold standard procedure for treatment of T1 localized renal tumors. After introduction of robot assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) as an alternative method to OPN, OPN was gradually abandoned at our department. The aim of the study was to retrospectively compare the results of patients treated with either OPN or RAPN for suspected renal carcinoma.
Methods
Patients who underwent either open or robotic assisted partial nephrectomy between January 1st 2010 and December 31st 2020 were retrospectively included in the study. Each tumor subjected to surgery was scored preoperatively by the RENAL nephrometry score. Complications within 30 days were assessed according to the Clavien-Dindo classification system.
Results
A total of 197 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy were identified; 75 were subjected to OPN and 122 were treated with RAPN. The two groups of patients were similar with respect to age (OPN: 63 years ± 11, RAPN: 62 years ± 10), gender (OPN: 71/29%, RAPN: 67/33%), body mass index (OPN: 28 ± 5, RAPN: 28 ± 5), and ASA score (OPN: 2.4 ± 0.6, RAPN: 2.2 ± 0.5). Nephrometry score was 6.6 ± 1.7 in the OPN group compared to 6.9 ± 1.7 in the RAPN group (p = 0.2). The operative time was significantly shorter in the OPN group (81 minutes) compared to the RAPN group (144.5 minutes, p < 0.001). Mean perioperative blood loss was 227 ± 162 ml in the OPN group compared to 189 ± 152 ml in the RAPN group (p = 0.1). Mean length of stay was 3 days in the RAPN group compared to 6 days in the OPN group (p < 0.001). Positive surgical margin rate was significantly higher in the OPN group (21.6%) compared to the RAPN group (4.2%, p < 0.001). Complications of any grade was present in 33.3% of patients in the OPN group compared to 30.1% in the RAPN group (p = 0.6).
Conclusions
The introduction of RAPN at our department resulted in shorter length of stay and fewer positive surgical margins, without increasing complications.
Reproductive Health Morbidities, Body Mass Index and Body Fat percentage: A community-based cross-sectional study among the urban women of Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Authors: Roy Adrija , Mohapatra Ipsa , Ayub Arshad , Mitra Arun , Panigrahi Om Prakash , Mishra Kumar Guru 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Reproductive morbidity includes various conditions affecting the reproductive tract or resulting from reproductive behavior. The relationship between BMI, body fat, and reproductive health is not well-understood, especially in India and Odisha.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of reproductive health morbidities and explore associations between BMI, body fat percentage, and these morbidities among urban women in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Design: A community-based cross-sectional study.
Methods: The study involved 210 women aged 15-49 from Bhubaneswar's urban areas. Information was gathered on sociodemographics, gynecological and menstrual history, obstetric history, family history of morbidities, and personal history of diet, lifestyle, and physical activity. Anthropometric measurements were assessed. Outcomes were self-reported symptoms of reproductive health morbidities experienced within the past year, categorized into menstrual disorders, RTIs/STIs, and PCOS. The presence of one or more symptoms was considered an outcome.
Results: The mean age of participants was 30.49 ± 8.45 years, with 52.4% aged ≤30 years. Irregular menstruation was the most prevalent symptom (17.14%). Significant associations were observed between self-reported symptoms suggestive of menstrual disorders, RTI/STIs, PCOS, and BMI categories. Total body fat percentage and symptoms of menstrual disorders and PCOS were significantly associated with reproductive health morbidities. Among underweight women, 60% reported reproductive health morbidities. The logistic regression model indicated that the highest odds of experiencing reproductive morbidities were found among overweight women and those with high to very high body fat percentages.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated the greatest prevalence of reproductive health morbidities (RTI/STI, PCOS, menstrual symptoms) among women in the overweight and underweight BMI category and those with high to very high body fat percentages. A binomial logistic regression analysis highlights the influence of age, employment status, regular exercise, and BMI classifications on reproductive health morbidities within the study population, urban women of Bhubaneswar. These associations were statistically significant, emphasizing the need to address BMI and body fat percentage in reproductive health initiatives in Bhubaneswar's urban areas, Odisha, India.
Factors Affecting Compliance With Universal Standard Precaution Among Nurses in a Tertiary Institution in Edo State
Authors: Emekolom Obiajulum N. , Oladipupo Elizabeth O. , Saka Sulymon A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Standard precautions are meant to reduce the risk of transmission of pathogens from both recognized and unrecognized sources.
Objective
This study assessed compliance with universal standard precautions among nurses at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin city.
Methods
A descriptive survey design was adopted in this study, and the study population comprised 257 nurses across six wards in UBTH. A random sampling technique was used. A self-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from the respondents, which was validated by the researchers’ supervisor and yielded a reliability score of 0.81 during the pilot study. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and means were used to analyse the data obtained, while chi-square statistics were used to test the stated hypotheses of the study.
Result
The major finding was that there was a moderate level of knowledge of universal standard precautions among nurses at UBTH. There is good compliance with universal standard precautions among nurses at UBTH. Factors such as the unavailability of personal preventive equipment (PPE), hospital policies, years of practice, and attitudes of nurses influence compliance with universal standard precautions among nurses in the UBTH.
Conclusion
This study revealed that nurses at UBTH have moderate knowledge of universal standard precautions and good compliance with universal standard precautions.
Response inhibition in neurodiverse children and the association with excessive screen time use
Authors: Kuenzel Elizabeth , Hennessy Abagail , Choi Eun Jung , Nichols Emily S. , Duerden Emma G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine response inhibition using a gamified version of the Stroop task in a heterogeneous cohort of neurodiverse and neurotypical children, and to identify any key risk factors of screen time associated with performance-based measures of cognition. A total of 229 participants ages 3-16 (89 neurotypical children [54% boys] 90 children with ADHD [51% boys], and 50 children with ASD [72% boys]) were recruited to the study. Using a validated online cognitive battery, participants completed the Stroop task. Parents completed questionnaires regarding children’s screen time use (passive TV watching, social media, video games), sleep, daily/weekly physical activities, socializing, reading, and extracurricular activities. Very few children in the study met national guidelines for screentime, regardless of their neurodiagnostic group (X2=3.71, p=0.16). Based on a multivariate model, performance on congruent and incongruent trials on the Stroop task were comparable between the groups, however autistic children were more likely to make more attempts on the tasks (F(2)=4.35, p=0.014), indicative of reduced impulse control. In a subsequent model examining screen time and other lifestyle factors in relation to performance on the Stroop task, increased video game use was a significant predictor of more attempts. An interaction analysis revealed that only autistic children who spent more time playing video games used more attempts on the Stroop task (B=0.095, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Autistic children demonstrated reduced impulse control compared to neurotypical children and children with ADHD. Further, time spent playing video games was associated with decreased response inhibition only in autistic children. Findings indicate that screen time use, particularly video games, may be a modifiable risk factor for response inhibition processes in autistic children. Findings could inform school- or community-based programs focused on screen time awareness and monitoring screen time use in neurodiverse children.