bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Text4Hope: An e-Mental Health Tool for Mitigating Psychological Symptoms among Young Adults
Authors: Belinda A. , Shalaby R. , Vuong W. , Surood S. , Greenshaw A. , Gusnowski A. , Wei Y. , Agyapong V. I. O. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionChronic stress, anxiety, and depression can interfere with young adults’ everyday function, academic achievement, and interpersonal relationships. Interventions aimed at preventing the deterioration or possibly onset of these mental disorders among young people are timely.ObjectivesTo assess the impact of a supportive text messaging program (Text4Hope) on the psychological well-being of young adults.MethodsThis study adopted both longitudinal and naturalistic controlled trial designs. Longitudinal study: compared baseline and 6th week outcomes in the same group of young adult subscribers. Naturalistic controlled study: compared clinical parameters in two groups of Text4Hope young adult subscribers: (i) intervention group (IG), subscribers who received once-daily supportive text messages for 6-weeks and completed 6th-week evaluation between 26 April and 12 July 2020, and (ii) control group (CG), subscribers who joined Text4Hope the same time frame, completed a baseline survey and were yet to receive text messages. The prevalence and severity of moderate-high stress, anxiety, and depression was measured using standardized scales. Inferential statistics, including the t-test, McNemar test, chi-square, and binary logistic regression analyses, were used to evaluate the differences in the prevalence and severity of the psychological symptoms.ResultsLongitudinal study: subscribers who completed both the baseline and 6th-week surveys, had significant reduction in the prevalence of moderate-high stress (8%) and likely GAD (20%) from baseline to six weeks. The largest reduction in mean scores was for the GAD-7 scale (18.4%). Naturalistic study: significantly lower prevalence for likely Moderate Depressive Disorder (25.2%) and suicidal thoughts/thoughts of self-harm (48.4%), with a small effect size in the IG compared to CG.Image:ConclusionsTheText4Hope program has been demonstrated as an effective e-mental health tool for mental health support for young adult subscribers. This is particularly encouraging, as young adults have already adapted to SMS text messaging and texting. Therefore, this mode of intervention can be used to supplement existing treatments for psychological problems impacting young adults. In addition, the cost effectiveness and easy scalability of supportive text message interventions mean that policymakers and governments can quickly implement similar programs as part of national youth suicide prevention strategies.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Childhood socio-economic disadvantages versus adverse care experiences: Mediation and moderation impacts on late-life depressive symptoms
Authors: Huang Ying Yue , Zhang Wei Sen , Jiang Chao Qiang , Zhu Feng , Jin Ya Li , Au Yeung Shiu Lun , Wang Jiao , Cheng Kar Keung , Lam Tai Hing , Xu Lin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Whether material deprivation-related childhood socio-economic disadvantages (CSD) and care-related adverse childhood experiences (ACE) have different impacts on depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older people is unclear.

Methods
In the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study, CSD and ACE were assessed by 7 and 5 culturally sensitive questions, respectively, on 8,716 participants aged 50+. Depressive symptoms were measured by 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Multivariable linear regression, stratification analyses, and mediation analyses were done.

Results
Higher CSD and ACE scores were associated with higher GDS score in dose-response manner (P for trend <0.001). Participants with one point increment in CSD and ACE had higher GDS score by 0.11 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09–0.14) and 0.41 (95% CI, 0.35–0.47), respectively. The association of CSD with GDS score was significant in women only (P for sex interaction <0.001; women: β (95% CI)=0.14 (0.11–0.17), men: 0.04 (−0.01 to 0.08)). The association between ACE and GDS score was stronger in participants with high social deprivation index (SDI) (P for interaction = 0.01; low SDI: β (95% CI)=0.36 (0.29–0.43), high SDI: 0.64 (0.48–0.80)). The proportion of association of CSD and ACE scores with GDS score mediated via education was 20.11% and 2.28%.

Conclusions
CSD and ACE were associated with late-life depressive symptoms with dose-response patterns, especially in women and those with low adulthood socio-economic status. Education was a major mediator for CSD but not ACE. Eliminating ACE should be a top priority.
Prenatal Cannabis Use Disorder and Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring: A Linked Data Cohort
Authors: Tadesse A. W. , Dachew B. A. , Ayano G. , Betts K. , Alati R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCannabis use has been increasing among women of reproductive age in the last few decades. In-utero cannabis exposure could be associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and intellectual disability (ID) during childhood and adolescence; however, existing evidence was generated based on maternal self-report of cannabis use in pregnancy. We conducted a large-scale with data linkage cohort study, in which both exposure and outcome of interests were confirmed using diagnostic tools, ICD-10-AM.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the association between prenatal cannabis use disorder (CUD) and neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring using a large-scale cohort study.MethodsWe conducted an administrative health data-based cohort study of 222,569 mother-offspring pairs using linked data obtained from health registries in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Data were drawn from the NSW Perinatal Data Collection (PDC), which included all live births in the Australian state of NSW between January 2003 and December 2005. These were linked with the NSW in-patient and ambulatory data collections for mothers and offspring. The prenatal cannabis use disorder (exposure) and neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring (outcomes of interest) were measured by using ICD-10-AM. Generalized linear regression with a binomial family model was used to explore the association. We also carried out a modification/interaction effect of low birth weight (LBW), smoking and premature births (PTB), which enhanced the methodological robustness of the study.ResultsThis study found that offspring from mothers with prenatal CUwD had a 98%, 94% and 46% increased risk of ADHD [aRR = 1.98: 95 % CI 1.36 – 2.88], ASD [aRR = 1.94: 95 % CI 1.34 – 2.82], and ID [aRR = 1.46: 95 % CI 1.01 – 2.63] compared to those non-exposed offspring, respectively. We observed a significant interaction effect between CUD during pregnancy and maternal smoking on the risk of childhood ADHD, ASD and ID [CUD*smoking: RR = 5.62: 95 % CI 3.77 – 8.39, RR = 2.72: 95 % CI 1.78 – 4.18, and RR = 2.84: 95 % CI 1.54 – 5.22, respectively]. Furthermore, we also found significant associations between PCUD and ADHD, ASD and ID when interacting with LBW, and PTB.ConclusionsMaternal prenatal CUD is associated with a higher risk of ADHD, ASD, and ID in offspring. The effect of maternal CUD on neurodevelopmental disorders was also found to be stronger when mothers also reported smoking during pregnancy, compared to the individual effects of cannabis use or smoking alone. The findings highlight the importance of implementing preventive strategies to reduce cannabis use in pregnancy.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Perceived parental bonding and cortisol awakening response in people with eating disorders
Authors: Attianese N. , Battipaglia M. , Donato S. , Ceres R. , Cerra R. , Cascino G. , Monteleone P. , Monteleone A. M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEarly life experiences may have an impact on hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis functioning in eating disorders (EDs). Parental bonding is defined as the parental contribution of care and control to parent–child relationships. We evaluated whether perceived care and protection of parental bonding in childhood and adolescence were associated with HPA axis functioning in adult patients with EDs. The activity of the HPA axis was assessed by measuring the salivary cortisol awakening response (CAR).ObjectivesWe evaluated whether parental care and control in childhood and adolescence were associated with HPA axis functioning in adults with EDs. On the basis of literature data on healthy participants, we hypothesized that people with high levels of parental care would show a reduced CAR compared to people with low levels of parental care.MethodsWe admitted patients according to the following inclusion criteria: (a) female sex, (b) age > 18 years, (c) current diagnosis of AN or BN according to DSM-5 criteria, (d) absence of severe physical disorders, (e) no history of endocrine disorders, psychoactive substance use, schizophrenia or other psychoses, bipolar disorders or head trauma. Participants completed the Italian version of the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). To measure the CAR, participants were instructed to collect saliva samples at awakening and 15, 30, and 60 min after awakening.Results64 women with EDs participated in the study: 37 with AN and 27 with BN. 28 participants reported low levels of both maternal and paternal care while 12 participants reported high levels of care from both parents; 31 participants reported high levels of both maternal and paternal control, while 12 participants reported low levels of control from both parents. When maternal care was entered as between factor in the analysis, the repeated measures 3-way ANOVA showed a significant time effect (F3, 180 = 2.81, p < 0.05) and a significant maternal care X time interaction (F3, 180 = 2.99, p < 0.05), while, when paternal care was entered as between factor, the repeated measures 3-way ANOVA did not show significant effects for time and no significant paternal care X time interaction.ConclusionsOur results show an association of perceived maternal care with the time pattern of CAR in female patients with ED, while perceived parental control was not associated with any CAR feature in EDs. Maternal control, paternal care and paternal control were not associated with any difference in the CAR.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Gene expression of protein synthesis, immunity and brain pathways specifically altered in Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Ramoz N. , Verebi C. , Lebrun N. , Duriez P. , Gorwood P. , Bienvenu T. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe and chronic psychiatric disorder, resulting from a voluntary food restriction, vomiting, use of laxatives and excessive exercises, leading in dramatic weight loss and high mortality. AN is a multifactorial disease involving genetic and epigenetic factors supporting that AN is a metabo-psychiatric disorder. The molecular mechanisms involved in the etiology of AN remain unclear. One work reported gene expression by RNA sequencing in peripheral blood before and after weight restoration in 6 AN patients (Kim 2013), and one RNA sequencing in human iiPSC-derived neurons from 4 patients and 4 controls (Negraes 2017). To date, the profile of expression of genes and proteins in AN is undetermined.ObjectivesIn this study, our goal is to identify specific gene expression signatures from circulating blood nuclear cells to decipher the pathophysiology of AN and characterize biomarkers that can be used for diagnostic or prognostic of AN.MethodsAll consented participants are recruited at Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France, using DSM5 criteria. They had a blood draw in Paxgene tube for the collection of RNAs. Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 15 patients suffering of AN and 15 healthy controls. All messenger RNAs are sequenced on a Novaseq plateform. Reads are aligned to the human genome 19 and statistical analyses on the read counts for differentially expressed genes are computed with DESeq2.ResultsThe total RNA sequencing allows us to identify 673 dysregulates genes (p adjusted value <0.01, fold change >1,5). Among them, 248 are down-regulated and 425 are up-regulated genes in AN patients compared to controls. From them, 151 transcripts are annotated as pseudogene and 45 are referenced as antisense RNA. Of the 522 remaining transcripts, 424 correspond to a transcript or protein annotated by HGNC and ENSEMBL and 93 are known pseudogenes. A large number of proteins resulting from the expression of deregulated genes interact with each other and form a statistically enriched network impacting biological processes. They are mainly increased and acting in the cellular machinery allowing protein synthesis (biological process: transcription, ribosome, spliceosome and mitochondria). In contrast, down-regulated genes present an enrichment in genes involved in immunity pathways. Finally, several genes are also expressed in the brain. We observed a significant enrichment of genes expressed in the blood and brain tissues.ConclusionsWe identify specific profiles of gene expression in AN. Several genes are both blood and brain tissue expression. Some genes are good candidates for biomarker of the diagnostic in AN that need to be investigated in a longitudinal study to evaluate their useful as prognostic biomarker of AN.This work is supported by Fondation de France & Fédération Recherche sur le Cerveau.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Physical healthcare gap among patients with severe mental illness through the COVID-19 pandemic. Preliminary results from a real-world investigation in Lombardy, Italy
Authors: Conflitti C. , Monzio Compagnoni M. , Corrao G. , Lora A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPatients suffering from mental disorders tend to be less adherent to the recommended therapies. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic had a global impact on physical and social well-being, which turned out stronger in the most fragile patients, like those with a mental condition.ObjectivesTo assess whether the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the physical healthcare gap between patients with and without severe mental illness (SMI) treated for chronic conditions.MethodsData were retrieved from Healthcare Utilization Databases of Lombardy region (Italy). Prevalent users of antihypertensive drugs, statins or antidiabetic drugs, receiving healthcare in Lombardy during 2020, were identified. Among them, those with a previous diagnosis of schizophrenic or bipolar disorder were selected and matched with up to 3 patients without any sign of mental disorder by sex, age and number of contacts with the NHS during the previous year. 3 cohorts (not necessarily independent) were formed.High adherence to specific recommended drug therapies and discontinuation during 2020 were evaluated.Association between presence of SMI and high adherence was evaluated by using a log-binomial model (risk ratios, RR with 95% CI); a Cox model (hazard ratios, HR) was used for discontinuation.As comparison, same analyses were performed to the cohorts of prevalent users in 2019, to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results were stratified according to the type of mental disorder.Results36'436, 14'136 and 12'597 prevalent users of antihypertensives, statins or antidiabetics respectively were identified, of which 25% with SMI (9'109, 3'536 and 3'152 respectively).During the pandemic period, for all the three cohorts, patients with mental illness had 10% lower probability of being adherent to the recommended drug therapies.The association between SMI and discontinuation was significant and varied among the three cohorts, with HR (95% CI): 1.27 (1.21; 1.33) for antihypertensives users, 1.16 (1.07; 1.26) for antidiabetics users and 1.08 (1.01; 1.16) for statins users.Compared with 2019 the gap remained similar, except for discontinuation of antidiabetics, where the gap diminished from 34% in 2019 to 16% in 2020.No differences between the two mental disorders were found.ConclusionsResults show that suffering from a mental disorder in people with chronic physical conditions affects their adherence to recommended drug therapies. During the pandemic period, the restrictive measures adopted may have led to a better care by family members, counteracting any increase in the gap.The healthcare gap in patients suffering from mental illness remains an unsolved problem of primary importance for public health.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Increasing Physical Activity in Medium Secure Mental Health Services in the UK: (IMPACT) - Preliminary Results from the Phase 4 Feasibility Study, with a highlight into the Women’s Services
Authors: Walker T. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionIn the UK there are 3500 individuals detained in medium secure forensic psychiatry units. Service users in such settings have complex and serious mental illness (SMI), often with co-morbid physical health problems and a life expectancy of at least 10 years shorter than the general population. They often have low levels of physical activity. There is little evidence about physical activity interventions for medium secure service users in the United Kingdom.ObjectivesOur objective is to co-produce, with medium secure service users, the content and delivery of an intervention to increase physical activity. We shall assess feasibility, acceptability, and pilot data collection methods for outcomes relevant for a future randomised controlled trial.MethodsThis is a 30-month mixed-methods project that will follow the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework Developing and Evaluating Complex Interventions. The study has 4 phases. Phases 1-2 will gather information required to co-develop an evidence-based intervention in Phase 3. Phase 4 will assess the intervention in a feasibility study, evaluating and testing the intervention for a future pilot study.Study settings: Two NHS Medium Secure In-Patient Psychiatric Hospitals in the UK.ResultsThis paper presents the preliminary findings from Phase 4 and also offers a highlight into the results from the Women’s Services from both study sites. A total of thirty-three service users from both study sites participated in Phase 4 of the study and twenty-six completed the physical activity intervention, known as the IMPACT Intervention. Between both study sites, there were two Women’s Standard Medium Secure Services and one Women’s Enhanced Medium Secure Service, involved in this study. A total of nine female service users participated in Phase 4.ConclusionsThe preliminary findings of Phases 4 are allowing the team to move forward and evaluate the effect of the IMPACT Intervention.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Trends in cannabis consumption: psychotic and anxiety symptoms among users
Authors: Martin-Santiago O. , Martinez.Gimeno P. , Calvo-Valcarcel M. , Alario-Ruiz C. , Arribas-Simon B. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionDuring cannabis use, some individuals may experience psychotic symptoms, such as unusual perceptions or irrational thoughts, including mild hallucinations or temporary paranoia. Anxiety is also common, characterized by excessive worry or intense fear. The occurrence of these symptoms varies based on cannabis quantity, individual sensitivity, and surroundings. Although not all users experience these effects, the link between cannabis and psychotic or anxiety symptoms highlights the need for a thorough risk assessment.ObjectivesOur goal is to analyze trends in cannabis use, as well as the psychotic and anxiety symptoms experienced by users, and to examine whether cannabis use is associated with other substances consumption.MethodsWe collected demographic and substance consumption data from two groups: 29 individuals aged 18 to 28 who had tried cannabis at least once and 19 regular consumers through a structured questionnaire.ResultsRegular cannabis consumers had a higher proportion of males than those who had tried it once (X²(1)=4.81; p=0.028). There were no significant differences in age, alcohol or tobacco consumption between the groups. Notably, regular cannabis consumers had a history of using other illegal drugs, both in the past and within the last month (X²(1)=8.53; p=0.003). Regarding cannabis effects, regular users more frequently reported sensations like euphoria, relaxation, altered time perception, tachycardia, motor coordination difficulties, and impaired clear thinking compared to one-time users (X²(1)=10.12; p=0.001). Regarding anxiety symptoms during cannabis consumption, both groups experienced a similar frequency. Finally, regular cannabis consumers reported strange ideas or perceptions more often than one-time users (X²(1)=0.743; p=0.019). However, the associated discomfort level was similar in both groups.ConclusionsThis study highlights that regular cannabis use is associated with a greater likelihood of using other substances and experiencing more pronounced effects, including psychotic symptoms. However, it doesn’t necessarily lead to increased anxiety symptoms compared to one-time users. It’s important to acknowledge that the relationship between cannabis and psychosis is intricate and influenced by factors like consumption quantity and individual sensitivity. These findings stress the importance of understanding cannabis’s impact on mental health and its connection to the use of other substances.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared