bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fe,Ce Co‐Doped Ni3S2/NiS Polymorphism Nanosheets With Improved Electrocatalytic Activity and Stability for Water Oxidation
Authors: Wang Shaoxia , Li Huihui , Li Shifeng , Ni Yonghong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBalancing the relationship between electrocatalytic activity and stability of sulfide catalysts during oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has been attracting extensive research interest. Here, a simple electrodeposition‐vulcanization two‐step route was designed to successfully construct nickel foam supported sheet‐like Fe,Ce‐codoped Ni3S2/NiS polymorphism catalyst (labeled as Fe,Ce‐Ni3S2/NiS/NF). Electrochemical measurements showed that the as‐obtained Fe,Ce‐Ni3S2/NiS/NF electrode presented excellent OER electrocatalytic performances. In 1 M KOH solution, merely 173 and 234 mV of overpotentials were required to deliver the current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively. Further investigations revealed that the Fe,Ce co‐doping regulated the electron density around Ni, which promoted the conversion of Ni towards the higher valence state and simultaneously, avoided the stability decrease of the catalyst caused by excessive oxidation corrosion. Moreover, the defects generated during vulcanization also contributed to promoting water oxidation. The present work provides a facile and feasible approach to balance the relationship between the stability and the activity of sulfide catalysts for OER.
A Room‐Temperature All‐Solid‐State Na−Ag Battery with a Long Cycle Life and Low Overpotential
Authors: Zhan Xiaoyi , Cui Fenwei , Luo Yunhong , Zhang Hui , Yang Yunxiao , Zhou Qin , Huang Yifan , Li Yimin , Liu Zhi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAqueous Zn−Ag batteries have been developed and commercialized for nearly a century, offering stable discharge and high specific energies. Sodium, with its lower redox potential, smaller charge‐to‐mass ratio, and abundant resources, presents a promising alternative to zinc. In this study, we successfully developed an all‐solid‐state Na−Ag battery system. This battery demonstrates stable discharge and charge voltages, low overpotential (0.27 V), high energy efficiency (>91 %), and long cycle life under moderate humidity at room temperature. The reaction mechanism was elucidated through combined analyses using differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Our findings indicate that metallic Ag in the cathode materials acts as an effective catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction during the initial discharge process, forming NaOH as the discharge product. Ag is then oxidized during the charging process and recovered during discharge, serving as an active reactant in the Na−Ag battery. This work demonstrates superior performance of all‐solid‐state Na−Ag battery over aqueous Zn−Ag battery. Na−Ag battery may be of interest in applications with stringent requirements on stable discharge voltage and high specific energy.
Engineering of Charge Density at the Anode/Electrolyte Interface for Long‐Life Zn Anode in Aqueous Zinc Ion Battery
Authors: Wu Kai , Liu Xiaoyu , Ning Fanghua , Subhan Sidra , Xie Yihua , Lu Shigang , Xia Yongyao , Yi Jin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aqueous zinc ion battery emerges as the promising candidate applied in large‐scale energy storage system. However, Zn anode suffers from the issues including Zn dendrite, Hydrogen evolution reaction and corrosion. These challenges are primarily derived from the instability of anode/electrolyte interface, which is associated with the interfacial charge density distribution. In this context, the recent advancements concentrating on the strategies and mechanisms to regulate charge density at the Zn anode/electrolyte interface are summarized. Different characterization techniques for charge density distribution have been analysed, which can be applied to assess the interfacial zinc ion transport. Additionally, the charge density regulations at the Zn anode/electrolyte interface are discussed, elucidating their roles in modulating electrostatic interactions, electric field, structure of solvated zinc ion and electric double layer, respectively. Finally, the perspectives and challenges on the further research are provided to establish the stable anode/electrolyte interface by focusing on charge density modifications, which is expected to facilitate the development of aqueous zinc ion battery.
Evolution of sex‐biased genes in Drosophila species with neo‐sex chromosomes: Potential contribution to reducing the sexual conflict
Authors: Minovic Anika , Nozawa Masafumi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn advantage of sex chromosomes may be the potential to reduce sexual conflict because they provide a basis for selection to operate separately on females and males. However, evaluating the relationship between sex chromosomes and sexual conflict is challenging owing to the difficulty in measuring sexual conflict and substantial divergence between species with and without sex chromosomes. We therefore examined sex‐biased gene expression as a proxy for sexual conflict in three sets of Drosophila species with and without young sex chromosomes, the so‐called neo‐sex chromosomes. In all sets, we detected more sex‐biased genes in the species with neo‐sex chromosomes than in the species without neo‐sex chromosomes in larvae, pupae, and adult somatic tissues but not in gonads. In particular, many unbiased genes became either female‐ or male‐biased after linkage to the neo‐sex chromosomes in larvae, despite the low sexual dimorphism. For example, genes involved in metabolism, a key determinant for the rate of development in many animals, were enriched in the genes that acquired sex‐biased expression on the neo‐sex chromosomes at the larval stage. These genes may be targets of sexually antagonistic selection (i.e., large size and rapid development are selected for in females but selected against in males). These results indicate that acquiring neo‐sex chromosomes may have contributed to a reduction in sexual conflict, particularly at the larval stage, in Drosophila..
Bioimpedance analysis predicts worsening events in outpatients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Rodríguez‐López Carlos , Balaguer Germán Jorge , Venegas Rodríguez Ana , Carda Barrio Rocío , Gaebelt Slocker Hans Paul , Pello Lázaro Ana María , López Castillo Marta , Soler Bonafont Bárbara , Recio Vázquez Mónica , Taibo Urquía Mikel , González Piña María , González Parra Emilio , Tuñón José , Aceña Álvaro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) with reduced left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) is an entity with poor prognosis characterized by decompensations. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is used to assess volume overload (VO) and may be useful to identify apparently stable HF outpatients at risk of decompensation. The aim of this study is to analyse whether VO assessed by BIA is associated with worsening heart failure (WHF) in stable outpatients with HF and reduced LVEF (HFrEF).Methods and resultsThis is a prospective single‐centre observational study. Consecutive stable HF outpatients with LVEF below 40% underwent BIA, transthoracic echocardiography, blood sampling, and physical examination and were followed up for 3 months. VO was defined as the difference between the measured weight and the dry weight assessed by BIA. Demographic, clinical, anthropometric, echocardiographic, and analytical parameters were recorded. The primary endpoint was WHF, defined by visits to the emergency department for HF or hospitalization for HF. A total of 100 patients were included. The median VO was 0.5 L (interquartile range 0–1.6 L). Eleven patients met the primary endpoint. Univariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that left ventricle filling pressures assessed by E/e′, N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide, inferior vena cava dilatation (≥21 mm), signs of congestion, and VO were associated with the primary endpoint. Binary logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that VO was the only independent predictor for the primary endpoint (adjusted OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.30–5.63, P = 0.008). Multivariate Cox regression analysis also showed an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for VO of 2.03; 95% CI 1.37–3.02, P < 0.001. Receiver‐operating characteristic curve analysis showed an area under the curve for VO of 0.88 (95% CI 0.79–0.97, P < 0.001) with an optimal cut‐off of 1.2 L.ConclusionsVO assessed by BIA is independently associated with WHF in stable outpatients with HFrEF at 3 months.
The timed 100 mL water swallow test for patients with head and neck cancer: What constitutes a clinically significant difference?
Authors: Altamimi Jenan A. , Wilson Janet A. , Roe Justin , Patterson Joanne M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesSwallowing function in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) is often assessed pre‐treatment, during and at intervals post‐treatment to identify those with dysphagia as early as possible. This study aims to investigate the minimal clinical important difference (MCID) for the 100 mL water swallow test (100 mL WST) to increase its utility in clinical practice and in clinical trials.MethodsData from 211 HNC patients, treated by either single or combined modality were included. Patients completed both the 100 mL WST and M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) at baseline (i.e., prior to treatment) and 12 months post‐treatment. The MCID for the 100 mL WST was calculated using two approaches of the anchor‐based method (using the MDADI), including mean change, and ROC curve. Additionally, the distribution‐based method was used utilizing the half standard deviation approach.ResultsIn the anchor‐based method, a 4 mL/s in the 100 mL WST was defined as an MCID for deterioration, with a sensitivity of 75% and a 1‐specificity of 46%. In contrast, a change of 5 mL/s was deemed as an MCID for improvement, based on the distribution‐based method.ConclusionThe findings showed that deterioration of 4 mL, or an increase of 5 mL from baseline to 12 months post‐HNC treatment equates to an MCID from the patients' perspective. Based on these findings, it may be beneficial to increase the utilization of the 100 mL WST in clinical practice to observe the changes, and in clinical trials to interpret and compare different study arms.
Circulating levels of galectin‐9 are a potential biomarker of survival in advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Filho Guilherme Vieira de Mendonça , Costa Guilherme Jorge , Martins Mario R. , Torres Leuridan C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe immune system is recognized to have therapeutic potential to destroy cancer cells. Soluble T‐cell immunoglobulin mucin domain‐3 (sTIM‐3) and its ligand galectin 9 (Gal‐9) cause suppression of cytokine production, cell cycle arrest and cell death. sTIM‐3 and Gal‐9 levels may have prognostic implications in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was performed at Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Fifty‐eight patients were diagnosed with advanced NSCLC from January 2019 to January 2020.ResultsThe age median was of 64.0 years. Soluble galectin‐9 (sGal‐9) levels in the smokers compared to nonsmoker patients (p < 0.0001). By using the receiver operating characteristic curve, we found that a baseline of 1694 pg/mL (cutoff). sGAL9 with specificity (72.2%), sensitivity (83.2%) and area under the curve = 0.8497 (p < 0.0004). Until 18.2 months, 46.8% and 72.9% were alive in the sGAL9low and sGAL9high groups, respectively (log‐rank test; p = 0.02). The median survival was 15.9 months for sGAL9low (≤1694 pg/mL).ConclusionThis study indicated an association of tobacco with the release of circulating sGal‐9 levels and the accuracy of sGal‐9 as a potential biomarker predictive of survival time in advanced NSCLC patients. Furthermore, sGal‐9 has may be a potential therapeutic target in the advanced NSCLC.
Reconstruction of Defects After Oral Cancer Surgery With the Superior Thyroid Artery Perforator Flap
Authors: Shi Yan , Lyu Xiao‐Ming , Wang Wei , Yan Han , Wu Wen‐Jie , Huang Ming‐Wei 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThe superior thyroid artery perforator flap (STAPF) was previously presented as a type of locoregional pedicled flap for lateral facial and temple defects. In this study, we aimed to present our clinical experience with this flap for the reconstruction of soft tissue defects after oral cancer surgery.MethodsFrom February 2019 to December 2022, 24 patients with oral cancers at the School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University were included. Among these patients, 10 had cancers located in the tongue, five in the cheek inside the oral cavity, three in the lower gingiva, two in the upper gingiva, two in the floor of the mouth, and two in the palate. All patients were treated with extended tumor resection, neck dissection, and STAPFs to reconstruct the soft tissue defects. The details of the flap, including the flap size, venous flow, vascular pedicle length, the attatched muscle, and operation time were evaluated.ResultsThe dimensions of the flap skin paddle ranged from 3 cm × 5 cm to 6 × 14 cm. Fourteen patients had a closely concomitant superior thyroid vein perforator. Ten patients had non‐closely concomitant superior thyroid veins perforators which retrograde external jugular vein. The vascular pedicle length ranged from 5 to 9 cm. The infrahyoid muscle group or sternocleidomastoid muscle was included in the flaps in three patients. A total of 23/24 flaps were successful.ConclusionsThe STAPF is a viable reconstructive option for patients with oral cancers. It has the advantages of being robust, being thin, short operation time, and minor donor site complications.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2024
Does regional culture of integrity impact corporate total factor productivity? Evidence from China
Authors: Liu Yejin , Lu Jinjing , Luo Chunhua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study examined Chinese A‐share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2016 to 2020 to explore the relationship between regional culture of integrity (COI) and enterprise total factor productivity (TFP) and the internal mechanism of regional COI on TFP. The findings showed that regional COI is conducive to promotion of TFP. The mechanism test revealed that optimizing the business environment, promoting corporate technological innovation, and reducing transaction costs are three essential mechanisms. Further, the results indicated that the enhancement effect of regional COI on TFP is more significant in non‐SOEs and enterprises with high financing constraints.
Vicarious learning from peer innovation failures: The moderating effects of venture capital syndication networks
Authors: Tao Xiaohui , Huang Yitao , Guan Peifeng , Meng Yao , Huisingh Donald 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFirms can derive insights not only from their own failures but also from the innovation failures of counterparts in the same industry. This study investigates how 109 Chinese A‐share listed high‐tech firms (2013–2022) learn from counterparts' innovation failures to improve their success rate of innovation and emphasizes the crucial role of venture capital (VC) syndication networks in facilitating knowledge transfer. Central VCs within the network notably enhance vicarious learning from others' failures. Further empirical analysis shows a significant increase in the success rate of exploitative innovations, while the impact on exploratory innovations is minimal.
Exploring ethnicity and gender discrimination in judging resume fraud and counterproductive workplace behavior
Authors: Shtudiner Zeev , Fishman Arthur 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe impact of ethnicity and gender on employment and income disparities in the labor market has been extensively studied, revealing patterns of discrimination. We focus on these specific attributes as potential influencers of perceptions regarding resume fraud and counterproductive behavior in the workplace. In our research, 1002 participants reviewed CVs of prospective job candidates and were subsequently informed about various instances of resume fraud and counterproductive behavior exhibited by the candidates. The names of the candidates were selected to reflect distinct ethnic origins and genders. Our findings indicate the presence of ethnic discrimination. Specifically, individuals within each ethnic group tended to evaluate candidates from their own group with less severity compared to candidates from the opposite group. We did not uncover any indications of gender bias; both male and female candidates were assessed in a similar manner. Our findings uncover ethnicity‐based discrimination in the evaluation of negative behavior within the workplace.
A review on photonic‐assisted dual‐chirp microwave waveform generation methods
Authors: Kumar Chandan , Raghuwanshi Sanjeev Kumar , Yadav R. K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent times, photonic synthesis and processing of arbitrary microwave waveforms have gained interest due to their high frequency and huge time–bandwidth product. This study reviews methods for producing dual‐chirp microwave waveforms, focusing mostly on system topologies based on external modulation techniques, such as cascaded Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM), dual parallel MZM, and dual polarized MZM. Other photonic approaches, like using semiconductor laser and optical heterodyne detection methods, are also discussed. These techniques are preferable because of high frequency, enhanced time–bandwidth product, greater chirp rate, and many more advantages. Additionally, the difficulties associated with integrating the systems into real‐world applications are also addressed.
Preparation‐based B 1+ mapping in the heart using Bloch–Siegert shifts
Authors: Šiurytė Paulina , Tourais Joao , Zhang Yi , Coletti Chiara , van de Steeg‐Henzen Christal , Mandija Stefano , Tao Qian , Henningsson Markus , Weingärtner Sebastian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop and evaluate a robust cardiac mapping sequence at 3 T, using Bloch–Siegert shift (BSS)‐based preparations.MethodsA longitudinal magnetization preparation module was designed to encode . After magnetization tip‐down, off‐resonant Fermi pulses, placed symmetrically around two refocusing pulses, induced BSS, followed by tipping back of the magnetization. Bloch simulations were used to optimize refocusing pulse parameters and to assess the mapping sensitivity. Relaxation‐induced error was simulated for various / times. The effective mapping range was determined in phantom experiments, and maps were compared to the conventional BSS method and subadiabatic hyperbolic‐secant 8 (HS8) pulse‐sensitized method. Cardiac maps were acquired in healthy subjects, and evaluated for repeatability and imaging plane intersection consistency. The technique was modified for three‐dimensional (3D) acquisition of the whole heart in a single breath‐hold, and compared to two‐dimensional (2D) acquisition.ResultsSimulations indicate that the proposed preparation can be tailored to achieve high mapping sensitivity across various ranges, with maximum sensitivity at the upper range. /‐induced bias did not exceed 5.2. Experimentally reproduced sensitization closely matched simulations for (mean difference 0.0310.022, compared to 0.0180.025 in the HS8‐sensitized method), and showed 20‐fold reduction in the standard deviation of repeated scans, compared with conventional BSS mapping, and an equivalent 2‐fold reduction compared with HS8‐sensitization. Robust cardiac map quality was obtained, with an average test‐retest variability of 0.0270.043 relative to normalized magnitude, and plane intersection bias of 0.0520.031. 3D acquisitions showed good agreement with 2D scans (mean absolute deviation 0.0550.061).ConclusionBSS‐based preparations enable robust and tailorable 2D/3D cardiac mapping at 3 T in a single breath‐hold.
Accelerating multipool CEST MRI of Parkinson's disease using deep learning–based Z‐spectral compressed sensing
Authors: Chen Lin , Xu Haipeng , Gong Tao , Jin Junxian , Lin Liangjie , Zhou Yang , Huang Jianpan , Chen Zhong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop a deep learning–based approach to reduce the scan time of multipool CEST MRI for Parkinson's disease (PD) while maintaining sufficient prediction accuracy.MethodA deep learning approach based on a modified one‐dimensional U‐Net, termed Z‐spectral compressed sensing (CS), was proposed to recover dense Z‐spectra from sparse ones. The neural network was trained using simulated Z‐spectra generated by the Bloch equation with various parameter settings. Its feasibility and effectiveness were validated through numerical simulations and in vivo rat brain experiments, compared with commonly used linear, pchip, and Lorentzian interpolation methods. The proposed method was applied to detect metabolism‐related changes in the 6‐hydroxydopamine PD model with multipool CEST MRI, including APT, CEST@2 ppm, nuclear Overhauser enhancement, direct saturation, and magnetization transfer, and the prediction performance was evaluated by area under the curve.ResultsThe numerical simulations and in vivo rat‐brain experiments demonstrated that the proposed method could yield superior fidelity in retrieving dense Z‐spectra compared with existing methods. Significant differences were observed in APT, CEST@2 ppm, nuclear Overhauser enhancement, and direct saturation between the striatum regions of wild‐type and PD models, whereas magnetization transfer exhibited no significant difference. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that multipool CEST achieved better predictive performance compared with individual pools. Combined with Z‐spectral CS, the scan time of multipool CEST MRI can be reduced to 33% without distinctly compromising prediction accuracy.ConclusionThe integration of Z‐spectral CS with multipool CEST MRI can enhance the prediction accuracy of PD and maintain the scan time within a reasonable range.
Clinical and pathological characteristics of OPDM4 patients in advanced disease
Authors: Tang Haixia , Xiong Ying , Jiang Kaiyan , Shen Yu , Yu Yanyan , Huang Pengcheng , Zhu Min , Li Xiaobing , Zheng Yilei , Zhou Meihong , Yu Jiaxi , Deng Jianwen , Wang Zhaoxia , Hong Daojun , Qiu Yusen , Tan Dandan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsOculopharyngodistal myopathy type 4 (OPDM4) arises from a CGG repeat expansion in the 5′ UTR of the RILPL1 gene. Reported cases of OPDM4 have been limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and myopathological characteristics of OPDM4 patients with advanced disease.MethodsWe assessed a total of 8 affected and 12 unaffected individuals in an OPDM4 family with autosomal dominant inheritance. Muscle biopsy tissue from the proband underwent histological, enzyme histochemical, and immunohistochemical stains, and electron microscopy analysis. Whole exome sequencing and repeat primer PCR (RP‐PCR) were conducted to investigate underlying variants.ResultsOPDM4 patients displayed a progressive disease course. Most experienced lower limb weakness and diminished walking ability in their 20s and 30s, followed by ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, swallowing difficulties, and dysarthria in their 30s to 50s, By their 50s to 70s, they became non‐ambulatory. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the proband in advanced disease revealed severe fatty infiltration of pelvic girdle and lower limb muscles. Biopsied muscle tissue exhibited advanced changes typified by adipose connective tissue replacement and the presence of multiple eosinophilic and p62‐positive intranuclear inclusions. Immunopositivity for the intranuclear inclusions was observed with anti‐glycine antibody and laboratory‐made polyA‐R1 antibody. RP‐PCR unveiled an abnormal CGG repeat expansion in the 5′ UTR of the RILPL1 gene.DiscussionThe clinical and radiological features in this family broaden the phenotypic spectrum of OPDM4. The presence of intranuclear inclusions in the proliferative adipose connective tissues of muscle biopsy specimens holds diagnostic significance for OPDM4 in advanced disease.