bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standby extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a better strategy for high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Liu Chuang , Li Xingxing , Li Jun , Shen Deliang , Sun Qianqian , Zhao Junjie , Zhao Hui , Fu Guowei 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe incidence of cardiac arrest (CA) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is relatively rare. However, when it does occur, the mortality rate is extremely high. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) has shown promising survival rates for in-hospital cardiac arrests (IHCA), with low-flow time being an independent prognostic factor for CA. However, there is no definitive answer on how to reduce low-flow time.MethodsThis retrospective study, conducted at a single center, included 39 patients who underwent ECPR during PCI between January 2016 and December 2022. The patients were divided into two cohorts based on whether standby extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was utilized during PCI: standby ECPR (SBE) (n = 13) and extemporaneous ECPR (EE) (n = 26). We compared the 30-day mortality rates between these two cohorts and investigated factors associated with survival.ResultsCompared to the EE cohort, the SBE cohort showed significantly lower low-flow time (P &lt; 0.01), ECMO operation time (P &lt; 0.01), and a lower incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) (P = 0.017), as well as peak lactate (P &lt; 0.01). Stand-by ECMO was associated with improved 30-day survival (p = 0.036), while prolonged low-flow time (p = 0.004) and a higher SYNTAX II score (p = 0.062) predicted death at 30 days.ConclusionsStandby ECMO can provide significant benefits for patients who undergo ECPR for CA during PCI. It is a viable option for high-risk PCI cases and may enhance the overall prognosis. The low-flow time remains a critical determinant of survival.
Regulation of anti-phage defense mechanisms by using cinnamaldehyde as a quorum sensing inhibitor
Authors: Barrio-Pujante Antonio , Bleriot Inés , Blasco Lucía , Fernández-Garcia Laura , Pacios Olga , Ortiz-Cartagena Concha , Cuenca Felipe Fernández , Oteo-Iglesias Jesús , Tomás María 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundMultidrug-resistant bacteria and the shortage of new antibiotics constitute a serious health problem. This problem has led to increased interest in the use of bacteriophages, which have great potential as antimicrobial agents but also carry the risk of inducing resistance. The objective of the present study was to minimize the development of phage resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae strains by inhibiting quorum sensing (QS) and thus demonstrate the role of QS in regulating defense mechanisms.ResultsCinnamaldehyde (CAD) was added to K. pneumoniae cultures to inhibit QS and thus demonstrate the role of the signaling system in regulating the anti-phage defense mechanism. The QS inhibitory activity of CAD in K. pneumoniae was confirmed by a reduction in the quantitative expression of the lsrB gene (AI-2 pathway) and by proteomic analysis. The infection assays showed that the phage was able to infect a previously resistant K. pneumoniae strain in the cultures to which CAD was added. The results were confirmed using proteomic analysis. Thus, anti-phage defense-related proteins from different systems, such as cyclic oligonucleotide-based bacterial anti-phage signaling systems (CBASS), restriction–modification (R–M) systems, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-Cas (CRISPR-Cas) system, and bacteriophage control infection (BCI), were present in the cultures with phage but not in the cultures with phage and CAD. When the QS and anti-phage defense systems were inhibited by the combined treatment, proteins related to phage infection and proliferation, such as the tail fiber protein, the cell division protein DamX, and the outer membrane channel protein TolC, were detected.ConclusionInhibition of QS reduces phage resistance in K. pneumoniae, resulting in the infection of a previously resistant strain by phage, with a significant increase in phage proliferation and a significant reduction in bacterial growth. QS inhibitors could be considered for therapeutic application by including them in phage cocktails or in phage-antibiotic combinations to enhance synergistic effects and reduce the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.
Modeling demyelination and endogenous remyelination in spinal cord ex vivo rat organotypic slice cultures
Authors: Hawker Brooke , Dhakal Muna , Connor Bronwen , McCaughey-Chapman Amy 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionDemyelination of the spinal cord is a prominent feature of multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injuries (SCI), where impaired neuronal communication between the brain and periphery has devastating consequences on neurological function. Demyelination precedes remyelination, an endogenous process in which oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) differentiate into mature, myelinating oligodendrocytes with the ability to restore the myelin sheath and reinstate functional nerve signaling. However, in MS or SCI, demyelination is more severe, persistent, and inhibitory to OPC-mediated remyelination, leading to a permanent loss of neuronal function. Currently, there are no effective treatments for demyelination, and existing pre-clinical models typically focus on brain tissue with little characterization of demyelination within the spinal cord. Organotypic slice cultures are a useful tool to study neurological disease, providing a more complex 3-dimensional system than standard 2-dimensional in vitro cell cultures.MethodsBuilding on our previously developed rat brain slice culture protocol, we have extended our findings to develop a rat longitudinal spinal cord ex vivo model of demyelination.ResultsWe generated rat longitudinal spinal cord slice cultures that remain viable for up to 6 weeks in culture and retain key anatomical features of the spinal cord’s cytoarchitecture. We show that treating longitudinal spinal cord slices with lysolecithin (LPC) induced robust demyelination with some endogenous remyelination, which was not seen following exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).DiscussionOur ex vivo organotypic spinal cord slice culture system provides a platform to model demyelination and endogenous remyelination long-term, mimicking that observed in LPC-induced rodent models of demyelination. This platform is suitable for the development and testing of novel therapeutic strategies with ease of manipulation prior to in vivo experimentation.
Pre-treatment radiological factors associated with poor functional outcome in an Asian cohort of large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy
Authors: Yeo Joshua Y. P. , Teo Kevin Soon Hwee , Tan En Ying , Yaow Clyve , Hariz H. , Lim H. S. , Ng B. J. M. , Wong Y. H. L. , Subramaniam Cantiriga , Makmur Andrew , Han Weiping , Chan Mark Y. Y. , Sia Ching-Hui , Jing Mingxue , Tan Benjamin Y. Q. , Tang David K. K. , Yeo Leonard Leong Litt 
Published: June 2024

Background and aimsEndovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is the current standard of care for large vessel occlusion (LVO) acute ischemic stroke (AIS); however, up to two-thirds of EVT patients have poor functional outcomes despite successful reperfusion. Many radiological markers have been studied as predictive biomarkers for patient outcomes in AIS. This study seeks to determine which clinico-radiological factors are associated with outcomes of interest to aid selection of patients for EVT for LVO AIS.MethodsA retrospective study of patients who underwent EVT from 2016 to 2020 was performed. Data on various radiological variables, such as anatomical parameters, clot characteristics, collateral status, and infarct size, were collected alongside traditional demographic and clinical variables. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed for the primary outcomes of functional independence at 3 months post-stroke (modified Rankin Scale 0–2) and secondary outcomes of in-hospital mortality and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.ResultsThe study cohort comprised 325 consecutive patients with anterior circulation LVO AIS (54.5% male) with a median age of 68 years (interquartile range 57–76). The median NIHSS was 19. Age, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Alberta mCTA score, ASPECTS, clot length, thrombus HU and mTICI score and the angle between ICA and CCA were associated with functional outcomes at 3 months on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, age, Alberta mCTA collaterals and NIHSS were significantly associated with functional outcomes, while ASPECTS approached significance.ConclusionAmong the many proposed radiological markers for patients in the hyperacute setting undergoing EVT, the existing well-validated clinico-radiological measures remain strongly associated with functional status.
The top 100 most cited articles on axon regeneration from 2003 to 2023: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Saijilafu  , Ye Ling-Chen , Zhang Jing-Yu , Xu Ren-Jie 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveIn this study, we used a bibliometric and visual analysis to evaluate the characteristics of the 100 most cited articles on axon regeneration.MethodsThe 100 most cited papers on axon regeneration published between 2003 and 2023 were identified by searching the Web of Science Core Collection database. The extracted data included the title, author, keywords, journal, publication year, country, and institution. A bibliometric analysis was subsequently undertaken.ResultsThe examined set of 100 papers collectively accumulated a total of 39,548 citations. The number of citations for each of the top 100 articles ranged from 215 to 1,604, with a median value of 326. The author with the most contributions to this collection was He, Zhigang, having authored eight papers. Most articles originated in the United States (n = 72), while Harvard University was the institution with the most cited manuscripts (n = 19). Keyword analysis unveiled several research hotspots, such as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, alternative activation, exosome, Schwann cells, axonal protein synthesis, electrical stimulation, therapeutic factors, and remyelination. Examination of keywords in the articles indicated that the most recent prominent keyword was “local delivery.”ConclusionThis study offers bibliometric insights into axon regeneration, underscoring that the United States is a prominent leader in this field. Our analysis highlights the growing relevance of local delivery systems in axon regeneration. Although these systems have shown promise in preclinical models, challenges associated with long-term optimization, agent selection, and clinical translation remain. Nevertheless, the continued development of local delivery technologies represents a promising pathway for achieving axon regeneration; however, additional research is essential to fully realize their potential and thereby enhance patient outcomes.
Association between fatty acid intake and age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Yan , Lee Lok , Zhang Li , Zhou Qing 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThe association of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with the intake of high and low fatty acids (FAs), respectively, remains controversial. To this end, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of all the existing studies on the association of various intake levels of FA subtypes with AMD to determine these associations.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases was conducted from inception to September 2023. To compare the highest and lowest groups, odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was analyzed with a random-effects model/fixed-effects model.ResultsA high intake of omega-3 LCPUFAs (OR:0.67; 95%CI:[0.51, 0.88]; p = 0.004), DHA (OR:0.80; 95%CI:[0.70, 0.90]; p &lt; 0.001), EPA (OR:0.91; 95%CI:[0.86, 0.97]; p = 0.004), and simultaneous intake of DHA and EPA (OR:0.79; 95%CI:[0.67, 0.93]; p = 0.035) significantly reduced the risk of overall AMD. Conversely, a high intake of trans-FAs (OR: 2.05; 95%CI: [1.29, 3.25]; p = 0.002) was significantly related to an increased risk of advanced AMD compared to the low-intake group. The subgroup analysis results are shown in the articles.ConclusionIncreasing dietary intake of omega-3 LCPUFAs, specifically DHA, and EPA, or the simultaneous intake of DHA and EPA, is significantly associated with a reduced risk of overall AMD. Various subtypes of omega-3 also have a significant association with a reduced risk of different stages of AMD. The high intake of trans-fatty acids (TFAs) is significantly and positively correlated with the risk of advanced AMD. This could further support the idea that consuming foods rich in omega-3 LCPUFAs and reducing consumption of foods rich in TFAs may prevent AMD.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023467227.
Analysis of outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children from a tertiary pediatric center in South India
Authors: Vidhya Tamizhvanan , Rajiv Padankatti , Sripathi Venkat 
Published: June 2024

AimThis study aims to analyze the outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) in children with pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) over a 10-year period at a tertiary care center in South India.MethodsThis study provides a detailed analysis of prospectively acquired data from 2013 to 2023 of all children who underwent RALP at our institution. Pre- and post-operative renal ultrasound and isotope renography were used to assess outcomes. Detailed information on patient demographics, procedural duration, post-operative pain relief, operation steps, and post-surgical follow-up protocols has been provided. The analysis included all patients who completed a 1-year follow-up.ResultBetween 2013 and 2023, 201 children underwent RALP. Of these, 185 children completed at least 1 year of follow-up and were included in the analysis. The mean age of the cohort was 4.9 years (1 month to 17 years), with males comprising the majority (77.3%). Twenty-five children (13.5%) were younger than 1 year of age. Left-sided PUJO was found to be more common. The mean console time was 76.5 min (40–180 min), and the average hospital stay was 2.8 days (2–5). After surgery, the mean reduction in antero-posterior diameter of the renal pelvis was more than 50% of its pre-operative value and statistically significant (3.3 ± 0.3 to 1.9 ± 0.9 cm). At the end of 1 year, the overall reduction in renal size was also significant (9.7 ± 2.3 cm pre-operative to 8.9 ± 1.8 cm post-operative). The pre-operative Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) grade of hydronephrosis was compared to the post-operative SFU grade, and the improvement (resolution/downgrading) was found to be statistically significant. The median split renal function in this series was 39% pre-operative and 43% post-operative, and the overall functional improvement after RALP was significant. A successful outcome was observed in 181 children (97.8%). Four children experienced persistent severe hydronephrosis and underwent redo stenting and/or redo pyeloplasty (2.1% failure rate). Post-operative complications, according to the Clavien–Dindo classification, were classified as type 1 in three children and type 3b in two children. There were no conversions to open surgery in the series.ConclusionRALP emerges as the minimally invasive procedure of choice for children with PUJO at our institution. It is safe, delivering consistently excellent results and minimal complications. Our outcomes are comparable to those of previously published series. We trust that our experience will serve as a roadmap for those centers (especially in South Asia) embarking on a pediatric robotic program.
Physicians’ perceptions and awareness of adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors and impact on prescribing patterns
Authors: Awad Abdelmoneim , Al-Tunaib Abdulaziz , Al-Saraf Sarah 
Published: June 2024

Background: Heightened scrutiny surrounds the inappropriate use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) due to concerns regarding potential serious adverse effects (AEs). Understanding the impact of these AEs on real-world practice is crucial. This study aimed to assess physicians’ perceptions, experiences, awareness, and beliefs regarding published data on potential AEs associated with PPIs. Additionally, it sought to determine alterations in PPI prescribing patterns resulting from these AEs, explore attitudes towards PPI use, and ascertain recommendations for PPI use in clinical scenarios with varying levels of risk for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB).Method: A quantitative, cross-sectional study utilized a self-administered questionnaire, inviting 282 physicians from 55 primary healthcare centers and 334 internal medicine physicians from seven governmental hospitals to participate.Results: With a response rate of 87.8% (541/616), 74% (95% CI: 70.2–77.7) of respondents were somewhat or very familiar with published data on PPI AEs. Among the familiar, 69.5% (CI: 65.2–73.5) had somewhat or very much changed their PPI prescribing patterns. General concerns about AEs when prescribing PPIs were reported by 62% (CI: 56.7–65.1). Respondents displayed awareness of a median (IQR) of 15 (9) different AEs associated with long-term PPI use, including osteoporosis or osteopenia (90.2%), hypomagnesemia (81.5%), vitamin B12 deficiency (80.6%), and bone fracture (80.0%). Respondents believed that PPIs elevate the risk for a median (IQR) of 7 (6) different AEs, with osteoporosis or osteopenia (81.8%) being the most common, followed by hypomagnesemia (67.1%), and vitamin B12 deficiency (62.3%). The most common strategies for PPI de-escalation were PPI discontinuation (61%) and using PPI on-demand/as-needed (57.9%). The majority (87.4%) agreed or strongly agreed that PPI overuse is prevalent in Kuwait and 78.2% emphasized the necessity for large-scale education on rational PPI use for medical staff and the public. In the UGIB prevention scenarios, 43.6% recommended appropriately the PPI discontinuation in the minimal-risk scenario, while 56% recommended appropriately the PPI continuation in the high-risk scenario. Associations and comparative analyses revealed predictors influencing physicians’ practices and attitudes toward PPI usage.Conclusion: These findings lay the foundation for future research and targeted interventions aimed at optimizing PPI prescribing practices and ensuring patient safety.
The potential of a targeted unilateral compound training program to reduce lower limb strength asymmetry and increase performance: a proof-of-concept in basketball
Authors: Zhang Wenfeng , Chen Xing , Xu Kun , Xie Hezhi , Chen Jiayong , Zhu Ziwei , Ji Hongshen , Li Duanying , Sun Jian 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThis study investigates the efficacy of training methodologies aimed at mitigating asymmetries in lower limb strength and explosiveness among basketball players.MethodsThirty male university basketball athletes were enrolled in this research. Initial assessments were made regarding their physical attributes, strength, and explosiveness. Subsequently, the participants were randomly allocated into two groups: an experimental group (EG, n = 15) and a control group (CG, n = 15). Over 10 weeks, the EG engaged in a unilateral compound training regimen, incorporating resistance training exercises such as split squats, Bulgarian split squats, box step-ups, and single-leg calf raises (non-dominant leg: three sets of six repetitions; dominant leg: one set of six repetitions) and plyometric drills including lunge jumps, single-leg hops with back foot raise, single-leg lateral jumps, and single-leg continuous hopping (non-dominant leg: three sets of 12 repetitions; dominant leg: one set of 12 repetitions). The CG continued with their standard training routine. Assessments of limb asymmetry and athletic performance were conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate changes.Results1) Body morphology assessments showed limb length and circumference discrepancies of less than 3 cm. The initial average asymmetry percentages in the single-leg countermovement jump (SLCMJ) for jump height, power, and impulse were 15.56%, 12.4%, and 4.48%, respectively. 2) Post-intervention, the EG demonstrated a significant reduction in the asymmetry percentages of SLCMJ height and power (p &lt; 0.01), along with improvements in the isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) test metrics (p &lt; 0.05). 3) The EG also showed marked enhancements in the double-leg countermovement jump (CMJ) and standing long jump (SLJ) outcomes compared to the CG (p &lt; 0.01), as well as in squat performance (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe 10-week unilateral compound training program effectively reduced the asymmetry in lower limb strength and explosiveness among elite male university basketball players, contributing to increased maximal strength and explosiveness.
Chromosome genome assembly of the Camphora longepaniculata (Gamble) with PacBio and Hi-C sequencing data
Authors: Yan Kuan , Zhu Hui , Cao Guiling , Meng Lina , Li Junqiang , Zhang Jian , Liu Sicen , Wang Yujie , Feng Ruizhang , Soaud Salma A. , Elhamid Mohamed A. Abd , Heakel Rania M. Y. , Wei Qin , El-Sappah Ahmed H. , Ru Dafu 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionCamphora longepaniculata, a crucial commercial crop and a fundamental component of traditional Chinese medicine, is renowned for its abundant production of volatile terpenoids. However, the lack of available genomic information has hindered pertinent research efforts in the past.MethodsTo bridge this gap, the present study aimed to use PacBio HiFi, short-read, and highthroughput chromosome conformation capture sequencing to construct a chromosome-level assembly of the C. longepaniculata genome. Results and discussionWith twelve chromosomes accounting for 99.82% (766.69 Mb) of the final genome assembly, which covered 768.10 Mb, it was very complete. Remarkably, the assembly’s contig and scaffold N50 values are exceptional as well—41.12 and 63.78 Mb, respectively—highlighting its excellent quality and intact structure. Furthermore, a total of 39,173 protein-coding genes were predicted, with 38,766 (98.96%) of them being functionally annotated. The completeness of the genome was confirmed by the Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Ortholog evaluation, which revealed 99.01% of highly conserved plant genes. As the first comprehensive assembly of the C. longepaniculata genome, it provides a crucial starting point for deciphering the complex pathways involved in terpenoid production. Furthermore, this excellent genome serves as a vital resource for upcoming research on the breeding and genetics of C. longepaniculata.