bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a new definition of maternal near miss based on organ dysfunction in Latin America and the Caribbean: A prospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Rojas‐Suarez Jose , Santacruz Jose , Pajaro Yasaira , Maza Fabian , de Mucio Bremen , Sosa Claudio , Serruya Suzanne , Pérez Mario , Contreras Sandra , Annicchiarico Walter , Dueñas Castell Carmelo , Salcedo Francisco , Méndez Rogelio Rafael , Escobar‐Vidarte María , López Carlos , Lavalle Oscar , Mendoza Winston , Ochoa Carlos , Moreno Amanda , Saint‐Hillaire Erika , Castro Rigoberto , Gómez Hernán , Peña Evelyn , Urroz Lucia , Quintela Violeta , Colomar Mercedes , Paternina Angel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere has been debate over whether the existing World Health Organization (WHO) criteria accurately represent the severity of maternal near misses.ObjectiveThis study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of two WHO clinical and laboratory organ dysfunction markers for determining the best cutoff values in a Latin American setting.MethodsA prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted in five Latin American countries. Patients with severe maternal complications were followed up from admission to discharge. Organ dysfunction was determined using clinical and laboratory data, and participants were classified according to severe maternal outcomes. This study compares the diagnostic criteria of Latin American Centre for Perinatology, Network for Adverse Maternal Outcomes (CLAP/NAMO) to WHO standards.ResultsOf the 698 women studied, 15.2% had severe maternal outcomes. Most measured variables showed significant differences between individuals with and without severe outcomes (all P‐values <0.05). Alternative cutoff values suggested by CLAP/NAMOs include pH ≤7.40, lactate ≥2.3 mmol/L, respiratory rate ≥ 24 bpm, oxygen saturation ≤ 96%, PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 342 mmHg, platelet count ≤189 × 109 × mm3, serum creatinine ≥0.8 mg/dL, and total bilirubin ≥0.67 mg/dL. No significant differences were found when comparing the diagnostic performance of the CLAP/NAMO criteria to that of the WHO standards.ConclusionThe CLAP/NAMO values were comparable to the WHO maternal near‐miss criteria, indicating that the WHO standards might not be superior in this population. These findings suggest that maternal near‐miss thresholds can be adapted regionally, improving the identification and management of severe maternal complications in Latin America.
MR Assessment of Acute Changes of Cerebral Perfusion, Metabolism, and Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability in Response to Aerobic Exercise
Authors: Hu Yizhe , Shi Wen , Jiang Dengrong , Zhao Li , Lu Hanzhang , Wu Dan , Lin Zixuan 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundIt remains unclear how a single bout of exercise affects brain perfusion, oxygen metabolism, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Addressing this unresolved issue is essential to understand the acute changes in cerebral physiology induced by aerobic exercise.PurposeTo dynamically monitor the acute changes in cerebral physiology subsequent to a single aerobic exercise training session using noninvasive MRI measurements.Study TypeProspective.PopulationTwenty‐three healthy participants (18–35 years, 10 females/13 males) were enrolled and divided into 10‐minute exercising (N = 10) and 20‐minute exercising (N = 13) groups.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T/Phase Contrast (PC) MRI (gradient echo), T2‐Relaxation‐Under‐Spin‐Tagging (TRUST) MRI (gradient echo EPI), Water‐Extraction‐with‐Phase‐Contrast‐Arterial‐Spin‐Tagging (WEPCAST) MRI (gradient echo EPI) and T1‐weighted magnetization‐prepared‐rapid‐acquisition‐of‐gradient‐echo (MPRAGE) (gradient echo).AssessmentA baseline MR measurement plus four repeated MR measurements immediately after 10 or 20 minutes moderate running exercise. MR measurements included cerebral blood flow (CBF) as measured by PC MRI, venous oxygenation (Yv) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) as assessed by TRUST MRI, water extraction fraction (E), and BBB permeability‐surface‐area product (PS) as determined by WEPCAST MRI.Statistical TestsThe time dependence of the physiological parameters was studied with a linear mixed‐effect model. Additionally, pairwise t‐tests comparison of the physiological parameters at each time point was conducted. A P‐value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThere was an initial drop (8.22 ± 2.60%) followed by a recovery in CBF after exercise, while Yv revealed a significant decrease (6.37 ± 0.92%), i.e., an increased oxygen extraction, and returned to baseline at later time points. CMRO2 showed a trend of increase (5.68 ± 3.04%) and a significant interaction between time and group. In addition, E increased significantly (3.86% ± 0.89) and returned to baseline level at later time points, while PS remained elevated (13.33 ± 4.79%).Data ConclusionA single bout of moderate aerobic exercise can induce acute alterations in cerebral perfusion, metabolism, and BBB permeability.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Effect of molecular weight of chitosan on quercetin‐loaded chitosan nanoparticles
Authors: Geng Feng , Zhang Mengyang , Sun Tao , Xie Jing , Gan Jianhong , Li Xiaohui , Xue Bin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe widespread use of quercetin is limited by its instability, low solubility and poor oral bioavailability. Encapsulation of quercetin using a nanoparticle delivery system is an effective way to overcome these drawbacks.RESULTSThe effect of the molecular weight (Mw) of chitosan (CS) (100, 200, 500 and 1000 kDa) on quercetin‐loaded chitosan nanoparticles (QCNPs) was investigated. The structure, stability, release properties and antioxidant activities of the nanoparticles (QCNP‐10, QCNP‐20, QCNP‐50 and QCNP‐100) were assessed. Particle size of QCNPs decreased and polydispersity index increased with the increasing Mw of CS. The main forces involved in the formation of QCNPs were hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction. X‐ray diffraction verified that quercetin was loaded into CS nanoparticles. The photostability and thermal stability of QCNPs increased with increasing Mw of CS. QCNP‐100 exhibited the lowest release rate in a mixture of water and anhydrous ethanol. The antioxidant activities of QCNPs were enhanced with increasing Mw of CS, and QCNP‐100 possessed the highest antioxidant activities, which might be relevant to its smallest particle size.CONCLUSIONOverall, these results revealed that the Mw of CS affected the properties of QCNPs, and QCNP‐100 possessed the smallest particle, best stability, lowest release rate and highest antioxidant activities. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The influence of climate change and environmental concerns on participation in new voluntourism by younger generations
Authors: Kim Yelim , Kim Miseong , Lee Choong‐Ki , Reisinger Yvette 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates a new type of voluntourism that focuses on younger generations' environmental contribution in the context of a global climate crisis. The study describes the adoption process of new voluntourism by applying the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) framework and examining the influence of its three innovation factors (compatibility, simplicity, and relative advantage along with the perceived risk of climate change on new voluntourism adoption attitude and behavioral intention). An online survey of 432 members of two demographic cohorts, Millennials and Generation Z, was conducted in South Korea. The results of structural equation modeling indicate that the perceived risk of climate change and DOI's innovation factors significantly affected new voluntourism adoption attitude and behavioral intention. The results confirmed that the perceived risk of climate change led to the diffusion and adoption of new voluntourism by younger generations. The theoretical and practical implications of the study's results are discussed.
Implementation and Scalability of Physical Activity Interventions Delivered Within Primary Care: A Narrative Review
Authors: Osinaike Jimi , Myers Anna , Lowe Anna , Copeland Robert J , Hardcastle Sarah J 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTPrimary AimTo describe the features of implementation in the setting of primary care (PC) for physical activity (PA) interventions that improved total and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA).Secondary AimTo assess the scalability potential of effective PC PA interventions.MethodA comprehensive search was conducted across multiple electronic databases to identify relevant studies published between 2012 and 2023. Implementation‐related features were extracted, and the scalability potential of effective PC PA interventions was assessed using the Intervention Scalability Tool (ISAT) as a framework.ResultsTwenty‐six studies met the inclusion criteria after screening. Analysis of the implementation‐related features revealed that effective PC PA interventions showed promising reach with a mean participation rate of 43%. Effective PC PA interventions that increased PA were mostly delivered by nurses and were underpinned by the behavioural change techniques (BCTs) of goal setting, feedback and self‐monitoring. The scalability assessment revealed that remote‐based interventions and those delivered by nurses had moderate to high scores in the scalability domains of fidelity, reach and acceptability, delivery setting and workforce, implementation infrastructure and sustainability.ConclusionPC PA interventions, whether delivered remotely or face‐to‐face, show promise for increasing PA, especially when incorporating BCTs like goal setting and feedback. Using the ISAT, most interventions displayed promise for implementation at scale, but further examination is needed concerning the delivery setting, implementation infrastructure and sustainability of these interventions. Remote‐based (automated PA advice and mailed instructions) PA interventions and those delivered in contact with a nurse showed high scalability potential. Further work that examines the acceptability and effectiveness of other healthcare professionals in intervention delivery would be worthwhile, and more work is needed to assess the utility and effectiveness of remote‐based PA interventions in PC.
Efficient Stabilization and Directional‐Controlled Release of Vitamin C in Disaccharide/Megasaccharide Composite Xerogels
Authors: Karoh Patinya , Okajima Maiko K. , Kaneko Tatsuo , Tree‐Udom Thapakorn 
Published: August 2024

AbstractComposite xerogel films with structural orientation, controlled swelling degree, and drug‐release ability are prepared using biocompatible megamolecular liquid crystalline polysaccharide (sacran) secreted by a cyanobacterium Aphanothece sacrum. The sacran xerogel films (Sac‐XFs) are formed by drying sacran aqueous solution including vitamin C (L‐ascorbic acid, AA) and trehalose under various conditions. In X‐ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry of Sac‐XFs, diffractions or melting points of either AA or trehalose are not detected, indicating no crystal formation. Additionally, the stability of entrapped AA in Sac‐XFs is evaluated through changes in film color and percentage loss, to indicate that AA stability is enhanced by entrapment in Sac‐XFs in the presence of trehalose. Scanning electron microscopy of Sac‐XFs reveals the morphological orientation, and number of striped lines along the longitudinal axis of film edges on side views while no visible textures in top views. When Sac‐XFs are immersed in water, anisotropic swelling is observed, and anisotropy decreases with an increase in the drying temperature of the films. AA is released preferentially from the hydrogel sheet edges, indicating the direction‐controlled release. Thus, the trehalose/sacran composite xerogels offer an alternative platform for preserving and controlled‐releasing sensitive substances for fields of foods, pharmaceutics, and cosmetics.
Severity of Pain Catastrophizing and Its Associations With Cognitive Flexibility and Self‐Efficacy in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Gazik Ahmad Bavali , Vagharseyyedin Seyyed Abolfazl , Saremi Zeinab , Shafiee Fatemeh 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPain catastrophizing in patients with rheumatoid arthritis exacerbates negative pain‐related outcomes, such as anxiety, depression, and pain intensity. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the severity of pain catastrophizing and the factors contributing to it among these patients. The present study aimed to assess the severity of pain catastrophizing and its association with cognitive flexibility and self‐efficacy in a sample of Iranian patients with rheumatoid arthritis.MethodsA descriptive correlational study was conducted on 220 rheumatoid patients referred to a rheumatology clinic affiliated with Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. The instruments used to collect data included a demographic form, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, and the Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Scale. The data were analysed using SPSS version 24.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 53.25 ± 12.41 years, and the mean duration of their disease was 6.63 ± 3.39 years. The majority of participants, specifically 61.8%, reported high levels of pain catastrophizing. An inverse and significant correlation was found between pain catastrophizing and cognitive flexibility (p < 0.001). Likewise, pain catastrophizing exhibited an inverse and significant correlation with self‐efficacy and all its dimensions (p < 0.001). The results of the multiple linear regression analysis indicate that the final significant predictors of pain catastrophizing were cognitive flexibility (β = −0.34, p < 0.001) and self‐efficacy (β = −0.53, p < 0.001). These predictors were found to significantly explain 51% of the variance in catastrophizing.ConclusionsThrough psychosocial interventions aimed at enhancing pain self‐efficacy and cognitive flexibility, healthcare providers can hope to reduce pain catastrophizing and its adverse effects in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Familial autoimmunity and risk of developing immune thrombocytopenia and Evans syndrome
Authors: Lozano Chinga Michell M. , Bussel James B. , Fluchel Mark N. , Wilkes Jacob , Zhang Chong , Meeks Huong , Meznarich Jessica A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and Evans syndrome (ES) are manifestations of immune dysregulation. Genetic variants in immune‐related genes have been identified in patients with ITP and especially ES. We aimed to explore familial autoimmunity in patients with ITP and ES to understand possible contributions to chronicity.ProcedureWe assessed family history in two ways: via patient report for ITP and ES and by population‐based analysis using the Utah Population Database (UPDB) for ITP. A total of 266 patients with ITP and 21 patients with ES were identified via chart review, and 252 of the 266 patients with ITP were also identified in the UPDB.ResultsChart review showed familial autoimmunity in 29/182 (15.9%) and 25/84 (29.8%) of patients with newly diagnosed+persistent (nd+p) ITP and chronic ITP (cITP), respectively, (p = .009). The UPDB analysis revealed that autoimmunity in relatives of patients with nd+pITP was higher than in relatives of controls (odds ratio [OR]: 1.69 [1.19–2.41], p = .004), but was not significantly increased in relatives of patients with cITP (OR 1.10 [0.63–1.92], p = .734). Incomplete family history in medical records likely contributed to the observed discrepancy.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that familial autoimmunity may have a stronger association with the development of ITP rather than its duration. Twelve (57.1%) patients with ES reported autoimmunity in their relatives. UPDB analysis was omitted due to the small number of patients with ES. The use of population databases offers a unique opportunity to assess familial health and may provide clues about contributors to immune dysregulation features within families.
A facile approach for enhancing mechanical resilience, and corrosion protection in epoxy coatings using bismuthene nanosheets
Authors: Meng Qingshi , Li Shuangshan , Guo Fuyuan , Demiral Murat , Han Sensen , Meng Fanze , Zhang Yanxi , Araby Sherif 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study presents novel mechanochemical methods for the synthesis and chemical modification of bismuthene nanosheets (BINS) using a high‐speed blender and planetary ball milling. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements confirmed successful exfoliation of 1.5‐nm BINS. Epoxy/BINS nanocomposites exhibited enhanced mechanical properties, thermal stability, and chemical resistance. Chemical modification via ball milling improved the interface and dispersion of BINS within the epoxy matrix, leading to significant enhancements in mechanical performance and chemical resistance. Compared to neat epoxy, at 0.75 vol% m‐BINS, Young's modulus, impact strength and fracture toughness KIC were respectively enhanced by 30%, 88.6%, and 144.4% while these increments were 10%, 55.7%, and 97.8% for pristine BINS‐based epoxy nanocomposite. A 3D finite element model of the impact test of the nanocomposite was developed to predict its behavior under high‐strain rate loadings; the numerical model showed high agreement with experimental measurements. Epoxy/m‐BINS nanocomposites demonstrated exceptional chemical resistance, attributed to the small lateral dimensions of m‐BINS, which fill the spaces between cross‐linked epoxy molecules and uniformly distribute within the matrix. These findings highlight the crucial role of interface and dispersion in defining the mechanical properties of nanocomposites. Overall, this study provides a facile and scalable method for synthesizing and modifying bismuthene, showcasing its potential for developing functional polymer nanocomposites.Highlights
Bismuthene nanosheets & modified BINS (m‐BINS) are prepared by eco‐friendly method.
m‐BINS is ~1.5 nm thick and ~0.5 μm wide.
m‐BINS shows good dispersion and strong interface adhesion within epoxy matrix.
Impact strength and KIC of epoxy/m‐BINS nanocomposite are enhanced by 88.6% and 144.4%.
Numerical model for impact strength is developed to predict behavior at high‐strain rate.
Microgels based on thermo‐responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) as sorbent of bisphenol A and parabens in water
Authors: Leite Daiani C. , Sampaio Naiara M. F. M. , de Oliveira Tiago E. , Riegel‐Vidotti Izabel C. , da Silva Bruno J. G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSmart microgels can be used as sorbents, possessing high surface area and rapid stimuli‐responsiveness. A series of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) and pNIPAM‐co‐starch nanoparticles (pNIPAM‐co‐SNPs) thermo‐responsive microgels were synthesized, presenting different hydrophilic/hydrophobic behavior according to the composition. The adsorption studies were carried out for methylparaben (MPB), ethylparaben (EPB), propylparaben (PPB), butylparaben (BPB), and bisphenol A (BPA), and the extraction and desorption efficiency were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometric detection (HPLC‐UV). The effect of microgel phase transition according to the temperature and the copolymerization with SNPs in each sorptive step was investigated. The extraction of less polar compounds (BPA, PPB, and BPB) above the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) was favored, driven by a predominant hydrophobic interaction. According to microgel composition, the desorption capacity as a function of temperature can be influenced by hydrophilic interactions and water competition. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and binding free energy calculations were performed to provide theoretical evidence about binding energies between pNIPAM and BPA, which experimentally showed the best extraction efficiency results. These findings may provide a strategy for designing high‐performance sorptive phases that could remove hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds from water and a hypothesis about the driving forces of such processes.
Evaluation of intra‐ and inter‐individual variations in plasma belimumab concentrations in adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Yoshijima Chisato , Suzuki Yosuke , Tanaka Ryota , Ono Hiroyuki , Oda Ayako , Ozaki Takashi , Shibata Hirotaka , Itoh Hiroki , Ohno Keiko 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, plasma belimumab concentrations were measured over the course of treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients on belimumab therapy, and intra‐ and interindividual variations in plasma belimumab concentration were evaluated. A single‐center prospective study was conducted at Oita University Hospital to evaluate trough plasma concentrations over the course of treatment in 13 SLE patients treated with intravenous belimumab. Plasma belimumab concentrations were measured by a validated ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method. The median age of the patients was 40 (interquartile range: 35–51) years and the median weight was 51.8 (47.0–58.1) kg. A mean of 9.4 (range: 1–13) blood samples was collected per patient at routine visits. The mean (± SD) plasma belimumab concentration was 33.4 ± 11.9 μg/mL in the patient with the lowest concentration and 170.0 ± 16.6 μg/mL in the patient with the highest concentration, indicating a 5‐fold difference between patients. On the other hand, the within‐patient coefficient of variation ranged from 7.1% to 35.7%, showing no large variations. No significant correlation was observed between plasma belimumab concentration and belimumab dose (mg/kg) (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient = 0.22, p = .54). Examinations of trough plasma belimumab concentrations over the course of treatment in patients with SLE showed small intraindividual variation but large interindividual variation. Plasma belimumab trough concentration varied widely among patients administered the approved dose.
Corporate board diversity, environmental compliance, and occupational health and safety disclosure for achieving sustainable development goals in an emerging economy
Authors: Jibril Rabiu Saminu , Isa Muhammad Aminu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe study is a pioneer in investigating how board diversity affects occupational health and safety disclosure in Nigeria by the selected nonfinancial companies for 7 years (2016–2022). It provides empirical proof of how environmental compliance affects the association between board diversity and occupational health and safety disclosure in ensuring the attainment of sustainable development goals. The study obtained data from a sample of 83 listed nonfinancial firms, and a content analysis technique was employed to compute emissions disclosure indexes using global reporting initiatives standards from the sampled firms. The study used the generalized method of moments (GMMs) econometric model to evaluate the direct effects of board diversity on firm occupational health and safety disclosure. Panels corrected standard errors (HPCSEs) and feasible least squares (FGLSs) regressions were used to establish the robustness of the GMM regression. The results found that board gender and board nationality have positive and significant associations with occupational health and safety disclosure. The study documented that interactions between board diversity and occupational health and safety disclosure have influenced the association between board gender, board nationality, board expertise and occupational health and safety disclosure. The findings could help policymakers and regulators in revising policies and regulations that can improve the ability of such attributes to make firms improve the level of reporting information. This is the first study that provides empirical evidence on how board gender and board nationality influence occupational health and safety disclosure and their interaction with environmental compliance improves sustainability.