bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coordination‐Driven Macrocyclization for Locking of Photo‐ and Thermal cis→trans Isomerization of Azobenzene
Authors: Yamamura Masaki , Yamakawa Koji , Okazaki Yuki , Nabeshima Tatsuya 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBoth trans and cis isomers of azobenzene‐linked bis‐terpyridine ligand L1 were incorporated in rigid macrocycles linked by FeII(tpy)2 (tpy: terpyridine) units. The complex of the longer trans‐L1 is dinuclear [(trans‐L1)2⋅FeII2], whereas the complex of the shorter cis‐L1 is mononuclear [cis‐L1⋅FeII]. The complex cis‐L1⋅FeII was not only thermally stable but also photochemically inactive. These results indicate a perfectly locked state of cis‐azobenzene. The stable macrocyclic structure of cis‐L1⋅FeII causes locking of the isomerization. To the best of our knowledge, this is first example of dual locking of photo‐ and thermal isomerization of cis‐azobenzene.
Dual Gold Catalysis: Synthesis of Polycyclic Compounds via CH Insertion of Gold Vinylidenes
Authors: Wieteck Marcel , Tokimizu Yusuke , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Ohno Hiroaki , Fujii Nobutaka , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractNew and interesting polycyclic compounds have been synthesized from non‐conjugated diyne systems by dual gold catalysis. A quaternary carbon center in the backbone and the accompanying Thorpe–Ingold effect enabled the unprecedented insertion of sp3 and sp2 CH bonds that for the first time were incorporated within the backbone of the diyne system and allowed the construction of complex polycyclic carbon scaffolds inaccessible by previous approaches in which the CH bonds for the insertion were situated at the other end of the alkyne.
Removal of excess fluoride from groundwater using natural coagulant Moringa oleifera Lam and microfiltration
Authors: da Conceição Vinicíus Masquetti , Ambrosio Ugri Miriam Carla Bonicontro , Silveira Carole , Nishi Letícia , Vieira Marcelo Fernandes , de Jesus Bassetti Fátima , Vieira Angélica Marquetotti Salcedo , Bergamasco Rosângela 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe consumption of water that has a high level of fluoride can result in dental or skeletal fluorosis, which causes changes in the teeth and bones. Thus, this study aimed to verify the efficiency of the reduction of fluoride in groundwater using coagulation with extracts of Moringa oleifera Lam seeds (MO) combined with microfiltration. Coagulation/flocculation tests were carried out in Jar test with different concentrations of the coagulant and subsequent treatment of water by microfiltration membranes. The concentration of fluoride in water was adjusted to 5 mgF‐/L and pH set to 7.0. The test used 1.5 g/L of the coagulant MO, for a 3 mgF‐/L initial concentration of fluoride and pH 3.0 proved effective for the removal of fluoride, colour, and turbidity of water with residual amounts of 1.07 mgF‐/L, 19 mgPt‐Co/L, and 3 NTU, respectively. The best results were obtained using 5 g/L of the coagulant MO and 2 bar pressure in the microfiltration step. Under these conditions, the final water quality complies with the recommendations of the Brazilian legislation, with residual fluoride at 1.2 mgF‐/L, 1.56 NTU turbidity and 8.56 mgPt‐Co/L colour. These results indicate the potential of the proposed treatment and that this represents an alternative for reducing excessive fluoride from water by combining the use of a natural and biodegradable coagulant with microfiltration processes, which contributes to the final quality of water.
A multiscale approach to study dead end microfiltration of mono and bidispersed particle suspensions
Authors: Hassan Ines Ben , Lafforgue Christine , Ayadi Abdelmoneim , Schmitz Philippe 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMicrofiltration of particle suspensions is widely used, especially in bioprocess engineering. However, particle accumulation at the filter surface reduces productivity and can modify selectivity of the separation. Numerous macroscopic models have been developed to predict filtration performance and help in device design, assuming a uniform cake formation. In order to improve the model accuracy, cake formation mechanisms have to be better understood at the microscale level.The objective of this work is to study the cake build up at the particle level and to establish correlations with microfiltration performance measured at the process scale. 3D characterization of microsieves fouling was achieved using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) and a filtration chamber allowing direct microscopic observations of particle deposition and cake characterization, specially designed for in situ observations. Suspensions of fluorescent monodispersed and bidispersed spherical particle (1 µm and 4.8 µm) were filtered under constant flow rate through 0.8 µm pore diameters silicon nitride microsieve. Online images of particle deposition were recorded and the cake build up was followed layer by layer. The relations between cake resistance and particle organizations were studied.
Tele‐Seismic PS‐Wave Splitting from the Basement in the Capital Area of China
Authors: Chong‐Tao HAO , Chen YAO 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAn important advantage of tele‐seismic PS‐waves is carrying the anisotropy information of media beneath seismic stations. This paper uses the analysis method of three‐component PS‐wave splitting to analyze the basement PS‐waves based on the high‐precision tele‐seismic data of Capital Area Seismic Network (CASN) from 2002 to 2003. The purpose is to acquire the PS‐wave splitting parameters beneath the seismic stations, including polarization of fast PS‐waves and the time delays of fast and slow PS‐waves, and to reveal the shallow crust anisotropy beneath the seismic stations. The results show that this method preserves the original information of the wave field, which allows us to analyze the features of PS‐wave splitting. The tele‐seismic PS‐waves from the basement recorded by short period stations have the advantage of less noise and higher SNR, and have splitting phenomena commonly. Besides we find the time delay of fast and slow PS‐waves is beyond our expectation, which has average values of time delay 0.1∼0.2 s. This research can be compared with shear‐wave splitting, which would help recognize anisotropy and stress state of crust and study tectonics and seismic activity.
Low‐Velocity Layer Atop the Mantle Transition Zone in the Lower Yangtze Craton from P Waveform Triplication
Authors: Guo‐Hui LI , Yi SUI , Yuan‐Ze ZHOU 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe P waveform triplications from the seismograms of a mid‐deep earthquake at the Ryukyu subduction zone recorded by the Chinese Digital Seismic Network between the epicentral distances from 10° to 23° are used to study the upper mantle structure beneath the lower Yangtze craton. Comparing the observed seismograms with the synthetic ones from different models based on IASP91 earth model and using the ray‐tracing method, we find that the 410 km discontinuity is a gradient zone with the thickness of 20 km and there is a low‐velocity layer atop the discontinuity which becomes thicker from southwest to northeast beneath the lower Yangtze craton. The low‐velocity layer is characterized by a thickness varied from 40 km to 57 km and P velocity decreased by 2.7%∼4.5% and should be the result of partial melting of mantle peridotite.
Comparison of the Thermal and Dynamic Structural Characteristics in Boundary Layer with Different Boundary Layer Parameterizations
Authors: Wen‐Yan HUANG , Xin‐Yong SHEN , Wei‐Guo WANG , Wei HUANG 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTo evaluate model performance of simulating structural characteristics in boundary layer at the forested areas of northern United States and compare the thermal and dynamic structural characteristics in boundary layer with five different boundary layer parameterizations, high resolution mesoscale WRF model was used in this paper to conduct some experiments with different boundary layer parameterization configurations. The results showed that WRF model with different boundary layer schemes could successfully simulate the characteristics of strong turbulent mixing in boundary layer at daytime and strong inversion, inverse wet and low level jet in stable boundary layer at nighttime except for some individual schemes. Compared with local schemes MYJ and UW, the nonlocal schemes YSU and ACM2 simulated strong turbulent mixing and entrainment at daytime, producing higher temperature, lower humidity, higher mixing layer, larger sensible heat flux in convective boundary layer, which were closer to the results of observations. This indicated that considering the nonlocal transport of large eddy was more reasonable in the instable stratification. But local schemes had some advantages in the prediction of wind speed and direction. TEMF scheme predicted the weakest local turbulent mixing in all schemes, which was difficult to form the mixing layer, and could not describe the characteristics of vertically homogeneous distribution of meteorological elements in convective boundary layer. For nocturnal stable boundary layer simulation, the discrepancies from different schemes were small. But to a certain extent, the scheme YSU overestimated mechanical turbulence at nighttime, leading to strong local turbulent mixing, and could not simulate stable boundary layer well.
Separating the Near‐Surface Seismic Scattered Waves Using Seismic Interferometry Method
Authors: Ji‐Xiang XU 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIt is important to separate the near‐surface seismic scattered waves from low signal‐noise data in mountain seismic exploration, and seismic interferometry is one of promising methods. The seismic interferometry representations of the near‐surface scattered wave are derived according to the seismic interferometry theory and the scattering theory. Those representations are composed of interferometry between actual wavefield and background wavefield and include cross‐correlation type and convolution type seismic interferometry expression. According to the near‐surface scattered wave separation theory and the geometry of land seismic exploration, the mixed configuration of convolution type and deconvolution type seismic interferometry is used. The application effect of the near‐surface scattered wave method is showed using the real land seismic data. The theoretical analysis and real data tests in gravel area indicate that the seismic interferometry method can separate not only scattered wave generated by scattering sources on survey lines, but also partial side scattered wave. The advantages of this technology are that it adapts to the uneven terrain and the complex near‐surface structure without information about topography and near‐surface velocity. In this article, the subtraction method of multi‐traces self‐adaptive matched filter is used to eliminate the near‐surface scattered wave from the real seismic data, and gets preferable results in gravel area.
A Facile Approach for Synthesis of Benzofuro[2,3‐c]pyridines via Intramolecular Cascade Annulations
Authors: Duan Ying , Wang Ye , Li Dongmi 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA facile synthesis of benzofuro[2,3‐c]pyridines has been achieved under mild conditions by using ammonium acetate as the nitrogen source through intramolecular cascade annulation. This reaction could efficiently construct pyridine ring and furan ring in one step. Moreover, the key annulation step was demonstrated through dihydrobenzofuran intermediates.
Synthesis of PAA‐g‐PNVCL Graft Copolymer and Studies on Its Loading of Ornidazole
Authors: Qian Wenhao , Xu Peicheng , Lu Guolin , Huang Xiaoyu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA well‐defined amphiphilic graft copolymer, consisting of hydrophobic poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) (PtBA) backbone and hydrophilic poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) side chains, was synthesized by successive reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). A new acrylate monomer bearing a chlorine‐based initiating group, tert‐butyl 2‐((2‐chloropropanoyloxy)methyl)acrylate, was first RAFT homopolymerized in a controlled way to give a well‐defined homopolymer with a narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn=1.15). This homopolymer directly initiated ATRP of N‐vinylcaprolactam (NVCL) to afford a well‐defined PtBA‐g‐PNVCL graft copolymer (Mw/Mn=1.22) via the grafting‐from strategy without polymeric functionality transformation. PAA‐g‐PNVCL graft copolymer was prepared by selectively hydrolyzing PtBA‐g‐PNVCL. Ornidazole (ONZ)‐loaded polymeric micelles using PAA‐g‐PNVCL copolymer as carrier were prepared by physical entrapping. Drug release experiment of the nano‐carrier indicated the pH‐dependent drug release characteristics.
Distinct Spatial Relationship of the Interleukin‐9 Receptor with Interleukin‐2 Receptor and Major Histocompatibility Complex Glycoproteins in Human T Lymphoma Cells
Authors: Nizsalóczki Enikő , Csomós István , Nagy Péter , Fazekas Zsolt , Goldman Carolyn K. , Waldmann Thomas A. , Damjanovich Sándor , Vámosi György , Mátyus László , Bodnár Andrea 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe interleukin‐9 receptor (IL‐9R) consists of an α subunit and a γc chain that are shared with other cytokine receptors, including interleukin‐2 receptor (IL‐2R), an important regulator of T cells. We previously showed that IL‐2R is expressed in common clusters with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) glycoproteins in lipid rafts of human T lymphoma cells, which raised the question about what the relationship between clusters of IL‐2R/MHC and IL‐9R is. Confocal microscopy colocalization and fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments capable of detecting membrane protein organization at different size scales revealed nonrandom association of IL‐9R with IL‐2R/MHC clusters at the surface of human T lymphoma cells. Accommodation of IL‐9Rα in membrane areas segregated from the IL‐2R/MHC domains was also detected. The bipartite nature of IL‐9R distribution was mirrored by signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) activation results. Our data indicate that co‐compartmentalization with MHC glycoproteins is a general property of γc receptors. Distribution of receptor chains between different membrane domains may regulate their function.
Reporter mice express green fluorescent protein at initiation of meiosis in spermatocytes
Authors: Brown Paula R. , Odet Fanny , Bortner Carl D. , Eddy Edward M. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryTransgenic mice were generated using a heat shock protein 2 (Hspa2) gene promoter to express green fluorescent protein (GFP) at the beginning of meiotic prophase I in spermatocytes. Expression was confirmed in four lines by in situ fluorescence, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and PCR assays. The expression and distribution of the GFP and HSPA2 proteins co‐localized in spermatocytes and spermatids in three lines, but GFP expression was variegated in one line (F46), being present in some clones of meiotic and post‐meiotic germ cells and not in others. Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) was used to isolate purified populations of spermatocytes and spermatids. Although bisulfite sequencing revealed differences in the DNA methylation patterns in the promoter regions of the transgene of the variegated expressing GFP line, a uniformly expressing GFP reporter line, and the Hspa2 gene, these differences did not correlate with variegated expression. The Hspa2‐GFP reporter mice provide a novel tool for studies of meiosis by allowing detection of GFP in situ and in isolated spermatogenic cells. They will allow sorting of meiotic and post‐meiotic germ cells for characterization of molecular features and correlation of expression of GFP with stage‐specific spermatogenic cell proteins and developmental events. genesis 52:976–984, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐Temperature Synthesis of Ordered Hexagonal Mesoporous Silica Materials (SBA‐15) with Adjustable Large Mesopores for Selective Adsorption of Biomolecules
Authors: Zhang Pengling , Wu Zhuofu , Liu Tongxin , Li Zhengqiang 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAL‐SBA‐15 materials with additional large‐mesopore networks have been successfully synthesized at high‐temperature (200 °C) in the presence of inorganic salts. Compared with conventional SBA‐15 which has monomesopores, the samples synthesized by using cations and assisted by high‐temperature show a bimodal pore size distribution. Interestingly, the large mesopores in the samples can be tuned by a simple adjustment in the preparation time and temperature. In addition, this route also results in the formation of a high degree of silica condensation which is favorable for improvement of sample hydrothermal stability. More importantly, the adsorption and separation of biomolecules over AL‐SBA‐15 materials and conventional SBA‐15100 or SBA‐15200 samples shows that AL‐SBA‐15 samples exhibit superior selective adsorption and separation capabilities compared with conventional samples and this is potentially important for their applications in adsorption and separation of bulky biomolecules.
Gas‐Phase Fragmentation Reactions of Keggin‐Type {PW11O39M} (M = Rh, Ir, and Ru) Polyoxometalates as Fingerprints of the Ligands Attached at the Noble Metal Site
Authors: Vicent Cristian , Adonin Sergey A. , Anyushin Alexander V. , Mainichev Dmitry A. , Sokolov Maxim N. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe gas‐phase fragmentation reactions of Keggin‐type [PW11O39MCl]5– (M = Rh, Ir) polyoxometalates (POMs) featuring chloride terminal ligands have been investigated. Different adducts of the general formulas [PW11O39MCl + 2cat]3– and [PW11O39MCl + 3cat]2– [cat = alkylammonium cations (Me4N+, Bu4N+), alkali cations (Na+, K+) or protons] were subjected to collision‐induced dissociation (CID) conditions. The (cat)Cl (cat = H+, Na+ or K+) fragments were released as a common fragmentation pathway and were taken as a fingerprint of the ligands attached at the noble metal site. Other {PW11O39ML} POMs (M = Rh, Ir) with L = thiocyanate, nitrite, methyl, phenylacetate or phenyl were identified on the basis of CID experiments. Coordination studies of thiocyanate anions and CO to {PW11O39Ru} POMs to yield the new compounds [PW11O39RuSCN]5– and [PW11O39RuCO]4– are also reported. CID experiments were also used to validate that thiocyanate and CO ligation at the Ru metal site had occurred.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis, Characterisation and Dielectric Properties of Nanocrystalline Zirconia
Authors: Hoffmann Rudolf C. , Kaloumenos Mareiki , Erdem Emre , Weber Stefan , Schneider Jörg J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractNanocrystalline zirconia particles with a diameter of about 4 nm were obtained by microwave‐assisted decomposition of basic zirconium acetate in ethoxyethanol. The reaction yields optically transparent and stable dispersions, which can ideally be employed for the manufacture of dielectric thin films by spin‐coating followed by a subsequent annealing step. The influence of the processing conditions on the electronic performance of an electrical capacitor device built from this nanomaterial was studied. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic studies exclude the presence of point defects within the zirconia bulk; however, they reveal the presence of surface‐related paramagnetic species.
β5′ Loop of turkey pancreatic lipase: Involvement in the resistance to interfacial denaturation
Authors: Ali Madiha Bou , Gargouri Youssef , Ali Yassine Ben 
Published: October 2014

β5′ Loop is a hydrophobic loop in the C‐terminal domain of pancreatic lipases playing an important role in the interaction with lipid–water interface. The turkey pancreatic lipase (TPL) β5′ loop N404, S406, and V408 residues were mutated to Y, N, and I, respectively, to replace TPL β5′ loop by those of human pancreatic lipase (HPL), which denatures rapidly in the tributyrin–water interface, in order to investigate the involvement of theses β5′ loop residues in the pancreatic lipases interfacial stability. TPL Mut β5′ was expressed in Pichia pastoris, the mutated enzyme was purified and interfacial properties study showed that TPL Mut β5′ interfacial denaturation was faster than that of wild type TPL, which is resistant to interfacial denaturation unlike many pancreatic lipases such as HPL. TPL Mut β5′ activity in the absence of tension‐active reagents was clearly lower than that of TPL. This decreased activity was more pronounced at high temperatures. Thus mutations (N404‐Y, S406‐N, and V408‐I) introduced in the TPL β5′ loop changed the TPL behavior at tributyrin–water interface to be similar to HPL. These TPL β5′ loop residues could be responsible for the TPL interfacial stability at high temperatures and in the absence of bile‐salts.Practical applications: In contrast to classical pancreatic lipases, turkey pancreatic lipase has a high stability at the lipid‐water interface and this property makes it suitable for detergency applications. Here we have studied the β5′ loop residues responsible for the interfacial stability.(A) Surface pressure–activity profiles of TPL and TPL Mut β5′ measured on 1,2‐sn‐dicaprin. Assays were carried out at 37°C in a “zero‐order” trough (volume, 130 mL; surface area, 120 cm2). Buffer: 10 mM Tris–HCl, pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl, 21 mM CaCl2, and 1 mM EDTA. Activities are expressed as the number of moles of substrate hydrolyzed by unit time and unit surface of the reaction compartment of the “zero‐order” trough for an arbitrary lipase concentration of 1 M. (B) Hydrolysis kinetics of 1,2‐sn‐dicaprin by TPL and TPL Mut β5′ at 37°C and at a surface pressure of 5 mN/m. Each experiment was performed in duplicate and no significant difference was observed.
Fatty acid profile of Albizia lebbeck and Albizia saman seed oils: Presence of coronaric acid
Authors: Knothe Gerhard , Phoo Zan Win Moh Moh , de Castro Maria Ellenita G. , Razon Luis F. 
Published: October 2014

In this work, the fatty acid profiles of the seed oils of Albizia lebbeck and Albizia saman (Samanea saman) are reported. The oils were analyzed by GC, GC‐MS and NMR. The most prominent fatty acid in both oils is linoleic acid (30–40%), followed by palmitic acid and oleic acid for A. lebbeck and oleic acid and behenic acid for A. saman. Both oils contain slightly more than 30% saturated fatty acids with stearic, eicosanoic and tetracosanoic acids present as well as odd‐numbered saturated fatty acids in minor amounts. Furthermore, for the first time, epoxy fatty acids are reported in the fatty acid profiles of Albizia seed oils. Coronaric acid (9,10‐epoxy‐12(Z)‐octadecenoic acid) is the major epoxy fatty acid at approximately 3–4% of the fatty acid profiles with minor amounts of vernolic (12,13‐epoxy‐9(Z)‐octadecenoic acid) and 9,10‐epoxystearic acids also detected. The results are compared to previous literature on the fatty acid profiles of other Albizia seed oils. The coronaric acid content of Albizia resembles that of Acacia species with both genera belonging to the Fabaceae family. The mass spectrum of the pyridylcarbinol (picolinyl) ester of coronaric acid is reported.The fatty acid profiles of Albizia lebbeck and Albizia saman seed oils contain coronaric acid.
An Impedimetric Sensor Based on a Gold Electrode Functionalized with a Thiol Self‐Assembled Monolayer Modified by Terpyridine Ligands for the Detection of Free Gadolinium Ions
Authors: Mefteh Wahid Ben , Touzi Hassen , Bessueille François , Chevalier Yves , Kalfat Rafik , Jaffrezic‐Renault Nicole 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAn impedimetric method of detection of gadolinium(III) free species has been developed using gold electrodes functionalized by terpyridine ligands. Two chemical attachment processes, on an acidic thiol and on an aminothiol, were designed and the sensitized surfaces were then characterized by chemical analyses, physicochemical and electrochemical methods. The detection of Gd3+ was investigated by impedance spectroscopy. A linear calibration curve was obtained from the variation of the polarization resistance versus pGd3+ in the range 10−8 M to 10−3 M. The impedimetric sensor presented a shelf life of more than six months. Moreover, Gd3+ detection in spiked diluted real urine samples was satisfactorily performed.