bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectral Signatures of Earth’s Climate Variability over 5 Years from IASI
Authors: Brindley Helen , Bantges Richard , Russell Jacqueline , Murray Jonathan , Dancel Christopher , Belotti Claudio , Harries John 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Interannual variability in spectrally resolved longwave radiances is quantified at a variety of spatial scales using 5 yr of IASI observations. Maximum variability is seen at the smallest scales investigated (10° zonal means) at northern and southern high latitudes across the center of the 15-µm CO2 band. As the spatial scale increases, the overall magnitude of interannual variability is reduced across the spectrum and the spectral shape of the variability changes. In spectral regions sensitive to conditions in the upper troposphere, the effect of increasing spatial scale is relatively small and at the global scale these parts of the spectrum show the greatest year-to-year variability. Conversely, the atmospheric window (8–12 µm), which is sensitive to variations in surface temperature and cloud, shows a marked reduction in interannual variability with increasing spatial scale. Over the 5 yr studied, at global scales the standard deviation in annual mean brightness temperature is less than 0.17 K across the spectrum, dropping to less than 0.05 K across the window. Spectrally integrating the IASI measurements to create pseudobroadband and window channels indicates a variation about the mean that is higher for the broadband channel than for the window channel at the global and quasi-global scales and over the Southern Hemisphere. These findings are in agreement with observations from CERES Terra over the same period and imply that at the largest spatial scales, over the period considered here, fluctuations in mid- to upper-tropospheric temperatures and water vapor, and not cloud or surface temperature, play the dominant role in determining the level of interannual variability in all-sky outgoing longwave radiation.
Erratum to: Do heart and respiratory rate variability improve prediction of extubation outcomes in critically ill patients?
Authors: Seely Andrew JE , Bravi Andrea , Herry Christophe , Green Geoffrey , Longtin André , Ramsay Tim , Fergusson Dean , McIntyre Lauralyn , Kubelik Dalibor , Maziak Donna E , Ferguson Niall , Brown Samuel M , Mehta Sangeeta , Martin Claudio , Rubenfeld Gordon , Jacono Frank J , Clifford Gari , Fazekas Anna , Marshall John ,   The Canadian Critical Care Trials Group (CCCTG)
Published: December 2014

AbstractNo abstract
Sleep apnea – another piece of the postoperative delirium puzzle?
Authors: Auckley Dennis 
Published: December 2014

AbstractCardiac surgery is associated with high rates of postoperative delirium. The development of postoperative delirium increases morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Sleep disordered breathing is highly prevalent in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, and now appears likely to be an independent risk factor for postoperative delirium. If confirmed in larger controlled trials, sleep apnea may represent a risk factor for targeted intervention to reduce the rate of postoperative delirium.
Tumor-expressed adrenomedullin accelerates breast cancer bone metastasis
Authors: Siclari Valerie A , Mohammad Khalid S , Tompkins Douglas R , Davis Holly , McKenna C Ryan , Peng Xianghong , Wessner Lisa L , Niewolna Maria , Guise Theresa A , Suvannasankha Attaya , Chirgwin John M 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Adrenomedullin (AM) is secreted by breast cancer cells and increased by hypoxia. It is a multifunctional peptide that stimulates angiogenesis and proliferation. The peptide is also a potent paracrine stimulator of osteoblasts and bone formation, suggesting a role in skeletal metastases—a major site of treatment-refractory tumor growth in patients with advanced disease.

Methods
The role of adrenomedullin in bone metastases was tested by stable overexpression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, which cause osteolytic bone metastases in a standard animal model. Cells with fivefold increased expression of AM were characterized in vitro, inoculated into immunodeficient mice and compared for their ability to form bone metastases versus control subclones. Bone destruction was monitored by X-ray, and tumor burden and osteoclast numbers were determined by quantitative histomorphometry. The effects of AM overexpression on tumor growth and angiogenesis in the mammary fat pad were determined. The effects of AM peptide on osteoclast-like multinucleated cell formation were tested in vitro. A small-molecule AM antagonist was tested for its effects on AM-stimulated ex vivo bone cell cultures and co-cultures with tumor cells, where responses of tumor and bone were distinguished by species-specific real-time PCR.

Results
Overexpression of AM mRNA did not alter cell proliferation in vitro, expression of tumor-secreted factors or cell cycle progression. AM-overexpressing cells caused osteolytic bone metastases to develop more rapidly, which was accompanied by decreased survival. In the mammary fat pad, tumors grew more rapidly with unchanged blood vessel formation. Tumor growth in the bone was also more rapid, and osteoclasts were increased. AM peptide potently stimulated bone cultures ex vivo; responses that were blocked by small-molecule adrenomedullin antagonists in the absence of cellular toxicity. Antagonist treatment dramatically suppressed tumor growth in bone and decreased markers of osteoclast activity.

Conclusions
The results identify AM as a target for therapeutic intervention against bone metastases. Adrenomedullin potentiates osteolytic responses in bone to metastatic breast cancer cells. Small-molecule antagonists can effectively block bone-mediated responses to tumor-secreted adrenomedullin, and such agents warrant development for testing in vivo.
Tomato nuclear proteome reveals the involvement of specific E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes in fruit ripening
Authors: Wang Yuying , Wang Weihao , Cai Jianghua , Zhang Yanrui , Qin Guozheng , Tian Shiping 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Background
Fruits are unique to flowering plants and play a central role in seed maturation and dispersal. Molecular dissection of fruit ripening has received considerable interest because of the biological and dietary significance of fruit. To better understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying fruit ripening, we report here the first comprehensive analysis of the nuclear proteome in tomato fruits.

Results
Nuclear proteins were isolated from tomatoes in different stages of ripening, and subjected to iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification) analysis. We show that the proteins whose abundances change during ripening stages are involved in various cellular processes. We additionally evaluate changes in the nuclear proteome in the ripening-deficient mutant, ripening-inhibitor (rin), carrying a mutation in the transcription factor RIN. A set of proteins were identified and particular attention was paid to SlUBC32 and PSMD2, the components of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Through chromatin immunoprecipitation and gel mobility shift assays, we provide evidence that RIN directly binds to the promoters of SlUBC32 and PSMD2. Moreover, loss of RIN function affects protein ubiquitination in nuclei. SlUBC32 encodes an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and a genome-wide survey of the E2 gene family in tomatoes identified five more E2s as direct targets of RIN. Virus-induced gene silencing assays show that two E2s are involved in the regulation of fruit ripening.

Conclusions
Our results uncover a novel function of protein ubiquitination, identifying specific E2s as regulators of fruit ripening. These findings contribute to the unraveling of the gene regulatory networks that control fruit ripening.
Poly (ethylene terephthalate) recycling for high value added textiles
Authors: Park Sang Ho , Kim Seong Hun 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis study reviews the problems in the use and disposal of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and includes the concise background of virgin and recycled PET as well as their possible applications. The current state of knowledge with respect to PET recycling method is presented. Recycling of PET is the most desirable method for waste management, providing an opportunity for reductions in oil usage, carbon dioxide emissions and PET waste requiring disposal because of its non-degradability. Advanced technologies and systems for reducing contamination, mechanical and chemical recycling, and their applications are discussed, and the possibility of diverting the majority of PET waste from landfills or incineration to recycling is suggested.
Assessment of Firefighters’ needs for personal protective equipment
Authors: Park Huiju , Park Juyeon , Lin Shu-Hwa , Boorady Lynn M 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis study performed focus group interviews with 54 firefighters in four states in the United States to assess the needs for design of firefighters’ personal protective equipment. Firefighters’ responses indicate three major issues to be considered for improved mobility, comfort and safety: 1) consideration of human factors, 2) sizing and fit, and 3) integrity of protection in the interface between protective equipment and turnout ensemble. Ergonomic design issues were identified through firefighters’ responses about their limited mobility of the head and arms while wearing helmet and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), restricted access to coat pockets, back pain and soreness while wearing SCBA. Sizing and fit issues such as the excessive length and bulkiness of glove fingers were identified as a major concern regarding fire gloves resulting in limited mobility and dexterity, negatively effecting firefighters’ work efficiency and safety. The integrity of protection in the interface between turnout ensemble, gloves and boots was reported as an important consideration for firefighter comfort, mobility and protection against heat hazards. Possible design solutions were also discussed.
Jacquard pattern optimizing in weft knitted fabrics via interactive genetic algorithm
Authors: Semnani Dariush , Hadjianfar Mehdi , Aziminia Hamed , Sheikhzadeh Mohammad 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA genetic algorithm is a method to respond to troubles that are indissoluble by common methods and must be utilized to try and fault method. It is difficult to appraise all of responses if there are many answers. Algorithm genetic can contain a large vast of responses and find the best of them by receiving feedbacks from problems. Several designs with different colors can be done in weft knitted Jacquard designing system. However, many patterns might not have enough attractiveness and beauty. The choice of interesting and stylish patterns of the huge set of designs according to customer judgment is difficult. An interactive genetic algorithm that received necessary feedbacks from the user, can be used in design optimization and choosing ideal patterns. In this paper a software has been constructed to optimize jacquard pattern in weft knitted fabrics based on interactive genetic algorithm.
Waiting in line at a fashion store: psychological and emotional responses
Authors: Park Soozin , Min Kyeongsun , Lee Yuri 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWaiting in a service context is known to negatively affect consumer evaluation of services and service providers. However, this study investigates the positive effects of waiting—such as expected customer competition, excitement, and purchase intention—during the purchase of fashion merchandise. We classified waiting into four types based on whether waiting occurs, whether customers receiver a filler, or whether a filler is related to the context. A scenario-based online survey was conducted for empirical testing. After reading the scenario, 266 respondents replied to a questionnaire regarding expected competition, excitement, and purchase intention. The findings indicated that expected competition, excitement, and purchase intention differed significantly according to the wait type. Customers provided with a context-related filler reported the highest expected competition, excitement, and purchase intention, and excitement was found to mediate the relationship between expected competition and purchase intention. This paper ends by discussing its implications for managing waiting at a fashion store.
Embedding the Mental Capacity Act 2005 in clinical practice: an audit review
Authors: Dunlop Claudia , Sorinmade Oluwatoyin 
Published: December 2014

Aims and methodAn audit cycle assessed compliance of healthcare professionals within Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust with the statutory requirements of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 in patient care. Each stage involved a retrospective review of relevant patient electronic records. The additional purpose of the audit was to make recommendations to improve compliance with the requirement of the Act by healthcare professionals and improve patient understanding of its provisions.ResultsThe audit cycle demonstrated some improvement in clinical practice as well as the need for further efforts at raising the understanding and compliance of clinicians and the public with provisions of the Act.Clinical ImplicationsHealthcare professionals need further understanding of the provisions of the Act and their responsibilities. There is also the need to enhance public awareness to provisions of the Act in relation to their decision-making autonomy. Stakeholders need to put strategies in place for these to be achieved.
How, Then, Might the Transsexual Read?
Authors: Eastwood Alexander 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This essay examines the burgeoning relationship between transgender studies and literary criticism by interrogating the terms of their commensurability. Recent debates within critical theory have at times detrimentally deployed marginalized figures, such as transsexuals, to represent history's demise without accounting for the ways in which trans subjects or characters experience history. Focusing on representations of reading practices in two twentieth-century American texts—Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man and Tennessee Jones's Deliver Me from Nowhere—this essay conceives of a trans literary history that is methodologically invested in a hermeneutics of resonance rather than in the pursuit of mimesis. In doing so, it articulates how trans temporalities might animate literary texts by inspiring new methods for reinterpreting both personal and cultural narratives.
Becoming a Trans Poet
Authors: Peterson Trace 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This essay argues for a possible trans poetics or trans poetry aesthetic in the United States by examining poems by three of the earliest visible trans poets to publish books in this country: Samuel Ace, Max Wolf Valerio, and kari edwards. Close readings of their poems, supplemented with interviews in which the authors provide key contextual information, reveal an intriguing relationship between how these authors play with intelligibility through poetic form and how their work has mostly eluded literary history. An investigation into how these poets became authors looks at this process parallel to the narrative of how they understood the process of gender transition. This investigation reveals how aspects of their shared aesthetic can be traced to common struggles, shared literary mentors, and other factors such as how these poets have had to invent their own readership contexts and how name changes create challenges for literary biography.
Generative Negatives
Authors: Steinbock Eliza 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The most recent exhibited work of photographer Del LaGrace Volcano is a triptych from the series Herm Body (2011–), which presents Volcano's front and back torso conspicuously pared down, headless, and nude. Whereas in conventional film photography, negatives are used in the darkroom to make positive images (photographic prints), in the outmoded medium Polaroid 665, which Volcano employs, the positive image is used to make a (unique) negative. The generativity of the Polaroid 665 negative in Volcano's hands is not purely photographic; it is also affective. My essay explores the questions, what are the stakes and what are the consequences in a (photographic) negative generating and reflecting the artist's self-image? I attend to the vulnerabilities of the technical process as well as the strong formal and conceptual references to intersex bodies in medical photography and to aging bodies in images from John Coplans. In short, I propose that the Herm Body series shows how negative affect is productive and political, even when it appears to suspend agency.
The vacuolar-type H+-ATPase at a glance – more than a proton pump
Authors: Maxson Michelle E. , Grinstein Sergio 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACT
The vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) has long been appreciated to function as an electrogenic H+ pump. By altering the pH of intracellular compartments, the V-ATPase dictates enzyme activity, governs the dissociation of ligands from receptors and promotes the coupled transport of substrates across membranes, a role often aided by the generation of a transmembrane electrical potential. In tissues where the V-ATPase is expressed at the plasma membrane, it can serve to acidify the extracellular microenvironment. More recently, however, the V-ATPase has been implicated in a bewildering variety of additional roles that seem independent of its ability to translocate H+. These non-canonical functions, which include fusogenicity, cytoskeletal tethering and metabolic sensing, are described in this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, together with a brief overview of the conventional functions of the V-ATPase.
ABS–Scan: In silico alanine scanning mutagenesis for binding site residues in protein–ligand complex
Authors: Anand Praveen , Nagarajan Deepesh , Mukherjee Sumanta , Chandra Nagasuma 
Published: December 2014

Most physiological processes in living systems are fundamentally regulated by protein–ligand interactions. Understanding the process of ligand recognition by proteins is a vital activity in molecular biology and biochemistry. It is well known that the residues present at the binding site of the protein form pockets that provide a conducive environment for recognition of specific ligands. In many cases, the boundaries of these sites are not well defined. Here, we provide a web-server to systematically evaluate important residues in the binding site of the protein that contribute towards the ligand recognition through in silico alanine-scanning mutagenesis experiments. Each of the residues present at the binding site is computationally mutated to alanine. The ligand interaction energy is computed for each mutant and the corresponding ΔΔG values are calculated by comparing it to the wild type protein, thus evaluating individual residue contributions towards ligand interaction. The server will thus provide a ranked list of residues to the user in order to obtain loss-of-function mutations. This web-tool can be freely accessed through the following address: http://proline.biochem.iisc.ernet.in/abscan/.
Return to theatre for elective hip and knee replacements
Authors: Bottle A. , Aylin P. , Loeffler M. 
Published: December 2014

The aim of this study was to define return to theatre (RTT) rates for elective hip and knee replacement (HR and KR), to describe the predictors and to show the variations in risk-adjusted rates by surgical team and hospital using national English hospital administrative data. We examined information on 260 206 HRs and 315 249 KRs undertaken between April 2007 and March 2012. The 90-day RTT rates were 2.1% for HR and 1.8% for KR. Male gender, obesity, diabetes and several other comorbidities were associated with higher odds for both index procedures. For HR, hip resurfacing had half the odds of cement fixation (OR = 0.58, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.47 to 0.71). For KR, unicondylar KR had half the odds of total replacement (OR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.56), and younger ages had higher odds (OR = 2.23, 95% CI 1.65 to 3.01) for ages < 40 years compared with ages 60 to 69 years). There were more funnel plot outliers at three standard deviations than would be expected if variation occurred on a random basis. Hierarchical modelling showed that three-quarters of the variation between surgeons for HR and over half the variation between surgeons for KR are not explained by the hospital they operated at or by available patient factors. We conclude that 90-day RTT rate may be a useful quality indicator for orthopaedics. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014; 96-B:1663–8.
Crystal Chemistry and Surface Configurations of Two Iron-Bearing Trioctahedral Mica-1M Polytypes
Authors: Elmi Chiara , Brigatti Maria Franca , Guggenheim Stephen , Pasquali Luca , Montecchi Monica , Nannarone Stefano 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe crystal chemical features of the bulk and the uppermost (001) surface layers of freshly cleaved surfaces of two trioctahedral Fe-rich mica-1M (space group C2/m) polytypes, i.e. a tetraferriphlogopite from an alkaline-carbonatitic complex near Tapira, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and an Fe2+-bearing phlogopite containing less tetrahedral Fe3+ from the Kovdor carbonatite-bearing, alkaline-ultrabasic complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia, are explored here. Mineral-surface effects were investigated by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and compared to the bulk structure derived from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. Based on microprobe analysis and the X-ray study, the chemical formulae are [XII](K0.99)[VI](Fe0.082+Fe0.153+Mg2.76Ti0.01)[IV](Fe0.823+Si3.18)O10.37F0.24(OH)1.39 and [XII](K0.94Na0.06)[VI](Fe0.172+Fe0.053+Mg2.75Mn0.01Ti0.05)[IV](Fe0.163+Al0.84Si3.00)O10.21F0.35(OH)1.44 for tetraferriphlogopite and Fe-bearing phlogopite, respectively. The tetrahedrally coordinated sites of the two minerals differ, where Fe-for-Si substitution is at 20.5% in tetra-ferriphlogopite and at 4% in Fe-bearing phlogopite.The bulk study showed that Fe3+ substitution increases the tetrahedral sheet thickness and the mean tetrahedral edge lengths in tetra-ferriphlogopite compared to Fe-bearing phlogopite. The tetrahedral rotation angle (α) changes remarkably from tetra-ferriphlogopite (α = 10.5°) to the Fe-bearing phlogopite (α = 8.5°), thus indicating a significantly greater initial lateral sheet misfit (leading to a greater tetrahedral ring distortion) between the tetrahedral and the octahedral sheets in the tetra-ferriphlogopite compared to Fe-bearing phlogopite. The Fe3+ substitution for Si and the differences in lateral dimensions of the tetrahedral and octahedral sheets affect the tetrahedral flattening angle (τ), with τ = 109.9° for tetraferriphlogopite and τ = 110.7° for Fe-bearing phlogopite.The binding energy (BE) of photoelectron peaks in XPS is dependent on the chemical state of atoms and on their local environment at the near surface. The Mg in both phlogopites is bonded to F, with the BE of Mg1s increasing as coordinated oxygen atoms are substituted by fluorine. For Fe-rich phlogopite (BE = 1306.8 eV), the binding energy is greater than for tetra-ferriphlogopite (BE = 1305.9 eV), and this is consistent with the bulk composition having greater F-for-OH substitution in Fe-rich phlogopite (F0.35vs. tetra-ferriphlogopite, F0.24 atoms per formula unit).