bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Value of Signal Peptide‐CUB‐EGF Domain‐containing Protein 1 and Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Diagnosis of Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
Authors: Turkmen Suha , Mentese Seda , Mentese Ahmet , Sumer Aysegul Uzun , Saglam Kutay , Yulug Esin , Turedi Suleyman , Gunduz Abdulkadir 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectivesThis study investigated the diagnostic value of signal peptide‐CUB‐EGF domain‐containing protein 1 (SCUBE‐1) and other oxidative stress parameters in the early diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia, which has high mortality and morbidity if not identified and treated in the early period.MethodsThirty‐six female Sprague‐Dawley rats were used in this randomized, controlled study. Rats were divided into six groups: three control groups (Groups I, III, and V) and three ischemia groups (Groups II, IV, and VI). In the control groups, blood and tissue specimens were sampled at 30 minutes (Group I), 2 hours (Group III), and 6 hours (Group V), following a simple laparotomy. In the ischemia groups, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was ligated following laparotomy, and blood and tissue samples were sampled at 30 minutes (Group II), 2 hours (Group IV), and 6 hours (Group VI).ResultsWhen comparing the ischemia and control groups, the differences in SCUBE‐1, malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels in the 30‐minute period were not significant (p > 0.05); at 2 hours, SCUBE‐1 levels rose rapidly, and although the desired level of significance could not be obtained with Bonferroni correction, the level was significantly higher compared to the control group at the same time interval (for SCUBE‐1, Group III vs. Group IV, p = 0.006). In these periods (30 minutes and 2 hours), only total oxidative status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) values were significantly higher in the ischemia group compared to the control group (for both, p = 0.004). A pronounced rise in SCUBE‐1 levels was determined with 6‐hour ischemia (for SCUBE‐1, Group V vs. Group VI, p = 0.004). The changes in MDA, TAS, TOS, and OSI levels were not significant (p = 0.025, p = 0.321, p = 0.006, and p = 0.037, respectively).ConclusionsSCUBE‐1 levels have the potential to be used as a marker of early period injury in acute mesenteric ischemia, although it is impossible to state explicitly that they can be used for early diagnosis. The same can be said for plasma MDA and TAS levels. The authors believe that TOS and OSI levels, however, can be used in early diagnosis and as an injury marker. Moreover, OSI also exhibits a medium‐strong correlation with histopathologic injury.
Allopregnanolone induces a diurnally dependent hyperphagic effect and alters feeding latency and duration in male Wistar rats
Authors: Holmberg E. , Bäckström T. , Johansson M. , Löfgren M. , Haage D. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAimGamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)‐ergic transmission from the hypothalamus is essential for normal feeding regulation, and hyperphagia can be induced by local application of GABAA‐receptor agonists to different feeding‐associated brain areas. The food intake in rats varies diurnally and that may influence the effect of GABAA‐receptor active compounds. The progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone is a highly potent endogenous positive modulator of the GABAA receptor. Therefore, it is easy to envisage that allopregnanolone would have a hyperphagic effect, but earlier reports in rat have given ambiguous results. However, a contributing factor for the discrepancy may be the time point of the diurnal cycle in which the experiments were performed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of allopregnanolone on intake of standard chow in male Wistar rats at different time points of the day.MethodsChow intake was measured after acute administration of allopregnanolone, and feeding behaviour was analysed to detect meal patterns.ResultsWe found that allopregnanolone increased chow intake by up to four times in the dark part of the 24‐h cycle. The rats ate significantly more, and the effect of allopregnanolone was more prominent in the active (dark) compared with the inactive (light) period. Allopregnanolone also reduced feeding latency and prolonged the meal duration compared with vehicle.ConclusionAllopregnanolone seems to act at several levels of feeding regulation, that is, to initiate feeding and to prolong the duration of a meal, thereby increasing the meal size, especially in the dark period of the 24‐h cycle.
Cell heterogeneity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Lopez José I. , Guarch Rosa , Larrinaga Gorka , Corominas‐Cishek Alexandra , Orozco Roberto 
Published: March 2013

The aim of this study was to define the histological spectrum, frequency and significance of nonconventional tumour cells in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (CCRCC). Fifty‐one totally sampled CCRCC were studied histologically to evaluate the spectrum of cell morphology variability, its frequency and significance, and their correlation with tumour grade and stage, and other histological parameters of aggressive behaviour like necrosis. Aside from conventional clear/eosinophilic granular cells, three additional cellular types were identified and considered in this study: small clear cells, syncytial cells and rhabdoid cells. Small clear cells were detected in 11 cases (21.5%), syncytial cells in 8 (15.6%) and rhabdoid cells in 5 (9.8%). The presence of syncytial and rhabdoid cells statistically correlated with grade (p = 0.003 and p = 0.006) and stage (p = 0.049 and p = 0.05) in CCRCC. Necrosis correlated with stage (p = 0.018) and grade (p = 0.004), but not with syncytial, rhabdoid or small clear cells. The presence of syncytial and rhabdoid cells in CCRCC is a relatively frequent event that significantly correlates with high‐grade tumours and high stage status.
Treatment of preoperatively diagnosed colorectal adenomas by transanal endoscopic microsurgery: The experience in China
Authors: Han Yi , He Yong‐Gang , Lin Mou‐Bin , Zhang Hao‐Bo , Lv Ke‐Zhi , Zhang Ya‐Jie , Yin Lu 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIntroductionColorectal adenoma is a recognized precancerous lesion that has the potential for malignant transformation. Surgical resection of colorectal adenomas is required for exact diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study is to assess the safety and therapeutic effect of transanal endoscopic microsurgery for preoperatively diagnosed colorectal adenomas.MethodsFrom September 2006 to February 2011, 45 patients with preoperatively diagnosed colon and rectal adenomas underwent transanal endoscopic microsurgery. The clinical data of these patients were reviewed.ResultsThe mean tumor diameter was 2.2 cm, mean operative time was 65 min, and the mean estimated blood loss was less than 10 mL. There was no conversion to transabdominal procedure. The mean tumor distance from the anal verge was 8.2 cm. Four patients had perforation into the peritoneal cavity during full‐thickness resection; these were repaired by continuous suturing, and there was no postoperative leakage after 1 week of fasting. The surgical margins of specimens were negative in 44 patients. Complications included rectal bleeding in one patient, acute urinary retention in one patient and pulmonary infection in one patient. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.5 days. Only one patient experienced incontinence of hard stool 6 months after surgery. The patients were followed up for a median period of 42 months, with four cases of tumor recurrence observed.ConclusionTransanal endoscopic microsurgery is a safe and effective technique for excising large adenomas in the mid and upper rectum and in the lower sigmoid colon. It is also an oncologically preferred method for T1 focal carcinomas that develop from villous adenomas.
Green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression patterns in the olfactory epithelium of GFP transgenic cloned Jinhua pigs
Authors: Hirao Atsushi , Kawarasaki Tatsuo , Konno Kenjiro , Enya Satoko , Shibata Masatoshi , Kangawa Akihisa , Kobayashi Eiji 
Published: March 2013

AbstractDomestic pigs possess a well‐developed sense of smell. However, the morphology of the porcine olfactory epithelium (OE) is poorly understood. Recently, several strains of transgenic cloned pigs that are presumed to ubiquitously express green fluorescent protein (GFP) have been created. Thus, the purpose of this study was to elucidate the features of porcine OE using the tissues of GFP transgenic cloned pigs. Based on observations of Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and measurements of thickness, porcine OE tissue portions were classified into three categories (thick, standard, and thin). Cryosections revealed that the prominent GFP signals were expressed in olfactory sensory neurons (OSN), Bowman's glands, and olfactory nerve. A few GFP‐expressing sustentacular cells were seen; however, the intensity of GFP fluorescence was slight. In the thick portion, numerous GFP‐expressing polygonal OSN that did not possess dendrites were found. In the standard portions, GFP‐expressing cells had longitudinal dendrites. A few GFP‐expressing cells were found in the thin portion. In the thick and standard portions, most of the prominent GFP‐expressing cells were positive for olfactory marker protein. Moreover, double immunofluorescence staining with boiled GFP and Sox2 antibody revealed that GFP expression patterns in OSN are synchronized with Sox2 immunoreactive patterns.
Immunocytochemistry indicates that glycine‐rich beta‐proteins are present in the beta‐layer, while cysteine‐rich beta‐proteins are present in beta‐ and alpha‐layers of snake epidermis
Authors: Alibardi Lorenzo 
Published: March 2013

AbstractImmunolocalization of glycine‐rich and cysteine–glycine‐medium‐rich beta‐proteins (Beta‐keratins) in snake epidermis indicates a different distribution between beta‐ and alpha‐layers. Acta Zoologica, Stockholm. The epidermis of snakes consists of hard beta‐keratin layers alternated with softer and pliable alpha‐keratin layers. Using Western blot, light and ultrastructural immunolocalization, we have analyzed the distribution of two specific beta‐proteins (formerly beta‐keratins) in the epidermis of snakes. The study indicates that the antibody HgG5, recognizing glycine‐rich beta‐proteins of 12–15 kDa, is poorly or not reactive with the beta‐layer of snake epidermis. This suggests that glycine‐rich proteins similar to those present in lizards are altered during maturation of the beta‐layer. Conversely, a glycine–cysteine‐medium‐rich beta‐protein (HgGC10) of 10–12 kDa is present in beta‐ and alpha‐layers, but it is reduced or disappears in precorneous and suprabasal cells destined to give rise to beta‐ and alpha‐cells. Together with the previous studies on reptilian epidermis, the present results suggest that beta‐proteins rich in glycine mainly accumulate on a scaffold of alpha‐keratin producing a resistant and hydrophobic beta‐layer. Conversely, beta‐proteins lower in glycine but higher in cysteine accumulate on alpha‐keratin filaments present in beta‐ and alpha‐layers producing resistant but more pliable layers.
Sodium tanshinone IIA silate inhibits oxygen‐glucose deprivation/recovery‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via suppression of the NF‐κB/TNF‐α pathway
Authors: Wu Wen‐Yu , Wang Wen‐Yi , Ma Yan‐Ling , Yan Hong , Wang Xin‐Bo , Qin Yin‐Lin , Su Mei , Chen Tao , Wang Yi‐Ping 
Published: March 2013

Background and PurposeInhibition of apoptosis may attenuate the irreversible injury associated with reperfusion. In the current study, we focused on the cytoprotective effects and the underlying mechanism of sodium tanshinone IIA silate (STS) against damage induced by oxygen‐glucose deprivation/recovery (OGD/R). in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and the underlying mechanisms.Experimental ApproachWe used a model of cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion, OGD/R in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, to assess the cardioprotective effects of STS. Apoptosis of cells was measured with Hoechst 33342‐based fluorescence microscopy, and annexin V‐FITC‐based flow cytometry. Caspase‐3 and caspase‐8 activities and mitochondrial membrane potential were also measured using commercial kits. TNF‐α in the cell culture supernatant fractions were measured with sandwich elisa, and protein levels assayed using Western blot.Key ResultsSTS inhibited OGD/R‐induced apoptosis by suppressing JNK‐mediated activation of NF‐κB, TNF‐α expression, activation of caspase‐3 and caspase‐8 and the Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio. Additionally, positive feedback between NF‐κB and TNF‐α and amplification of TNF‐α were inhibited, suggesting that STS plays a protective role against apoptosis in cardiomyocytes, even upon activation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, the cytoprotective effects of STS on OGD/R‐induced apoptosis and promotion of cell survival were attenuated after inhibition of PI3K.Conclusion and ImplicationsThe inhibitory effects of STS on TNF‐α and positive feedback signalling of the NF‐κB/TNF‐α pathways may play important roles in myocardial protection against ischaemia/reperfusion. These protective effects of STS are mediated by suppressing JNK activity through activation of the PI3K‐Akt pathway.
Older peoples’ perception of tests used in the assessment and management of COPD and asthma
Authors: McDonald Vanessa M. , Simpson Jodie L. , McElduff Patrick , Gibson Peter G. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectivesOutcome assessment is an important part of the management of airways disease, yet older adults may have difficulty with the burden of testing. This study evaluated the patient perception of tests used for the assessment of airways disease in older people.Data SourceOlder adults (>55 years) with obstructive airway disease and healthy controls (N = 56) underwent inhaler technique assessment, skin allergy testing, venepuncture, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) and gas diffusion measurement, exercise testing, sputum induction, and questionnaire assessment. They then completed an assessment burden questionnaire across five domains: difficulty, discomfort, pain, symptoms and test duration.ResultsTest perception was generally favourable. Induced sputum had the greatest test burden perceived as being more difficult (mean 0.83, P = 0.001), associated with more discomfort (mean 1.3, P < 0.001), more painful (0.46, P = 0.019), longer test duration (0.84, P < 0.001) and worsening symptoms (0.55, P = 0.001) than the questionnaires. FENO had a more favourable assessment but was assessed to be difficult to perform. Inhaler technique received the most favourable assessment.ConclusionsOlder adults hold favourable perceptions to a range of tests that they might encounter in the course of their care for airway disease. The newer tests of sputum induction and FENO have some observed difficulties, in particular sputum induction. The results of this study can inform current practice by including details of the test and its associated adverse effects when conducting the test, as well as providing clear explanations of the utility of tests and how the results might aid in patient care.
Prioritizing refugia for freshwater biodiversity conservation in highly seasonal ecosystems
Authors: Hermoso Virgilio , Ward Doug P. , Kennard Mark J. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAimRefugia play a key ecological role for the persistence of biodiversity in areas subject to natural or human disturbance. Temporary freshwater ecosystems regularly experience dry periods, which constrain the availability of suitable habitats. Current and future threats (e.g. water extraction and climate change) can exacerbate the negative effects of drying conditions. This could compromise the persistence of a large proportion of global freshwater biodiversity, so the identification and protection of refugia seems an urgent task.LocationNorthern Australia.MethodsWe demonstrate a new approach to identify and prioritize the selection of refugia and apply it to the conservation of freshwater fish biodiversity. We identified refugia using estimates of water residency time derived from satellite imagery and used a systematic approach to prioritize areas that provide all the fish species inhabiting the catchment with access to a minimum number of refugia while maximizing the length of stream potentially accessible for recolonization after the dry period. These priority refugia were locked into a broader systematic conservation plan with area‐based targets and direct connectivity. We accounted for current threats during the prioritization process to ensure degraded areas were avoided, thus maximizing the ecological role of priority refugia.ResultsPriority refugia were located in lowland reaches, where the incidence of threats was less prominent in our study area and headwaters in good condition. An additional set of 106 planning units (6500 km2) were required to represent 10% of each species' distribution in the broad conservation plan. A hierarchical management zoning scheme was applied to demonstrate how these key ecological features could be effectively protected from the major threats caused by aquatic invasive species and grazing.Main conclusionsThis new approach to identifying priority refugia and incorporating them into the conservation planning process in a systematic way would help enhance the resilience of freshwater biodiversity in temporary systems.
Using the Medical Research Council framework to develop a complex intervention to improve delivery of care for young people with Type 1 diabetes
Authors: Eiser C. , Johnson B. , Brierley S. , Ayling K. , Young V. , Bottrell K. , Whitehead V. , Elliott J. , Scott A. , Heller S. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractAimsWe describe how we have used the development phase of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Guidelines to construct a complex intervention to improve physical and psychological health among young people (16–21 years) with Type 1 diabetes.MethodsWe consulted previous reviews where available and conducted systematic searches of electronic databases to determine physical and mental health among the population, audited medical records, surveyed self‐reported psychological health among our clinic population; and interviewed staff (n = 13), young people (n = 27) and parents (n = 18) about their views of current care.ResultsOur audit (n = 96) confirmed a high HbA1c [86 mmol/mol (10.0%)] and one third (36.1%) reported significant eating problems. Young people did not attend 12% of their clinic appointments. Staff described difficulties communicating with young people who wanted staff to take account of their individual lifestyle when giving information.ConclusionBased on the findings of the systematic reviews and our audit, we concluded that there was sufficient evidence to justify development of a model of care specific to this age group. The components of the complex intervention include changes to standard care, an optional 5‐day self‐management course directed at young people and a separate family communication programme. The MRC Guidelines provided a valuable structure to guide development and evaluation of this intervention.
MonitoringrFVIIIprophylaxis dosing using global haemostasis assays
Authors: AL Hawaj M. A. , Martin E. J. , Venitz J. , Barrett J. C. , Kuhn J. G. , Nolte M. E. , Brophy D. F. 
Published: March 2013

SummarySecondary factor VIII (FVIII) prophylaxis converts severe haemophiliacs (FVIII:C < 1 IU dL−1) to a moderate phenotype (FVIII:C ≥ 1 IU dL−1), however, plasma FVIII:C is a poor predictor of bleeding risk.This study used thromboelastography (TEG) and thrombin generation assay (TGA) to quantify coagulation across a 48 hrFVIIIprophylaxis period.10 severe haemophiliacs with varying clinical bleeding phenotypes received their standardrFVIIIprophylaxis dose and blood samples were obtained over 48 h. Measured parameters included FVIII:C, TEG and TGA at each time point. FVIII:C pharmacokinetics (PK) and correlation between global assay parameters was performed.The FVIII:C PK parameters were consistent with previous literature. There was significant correlation between FVIII:C and TEGR‐time andaPTT(bothP < 0.001). Significant correlations existed between FVIII:C and TGA peak, ETP and velocity parameters (allP < 0.001). At 24 h the TEG parameters were sub‐therapeutic despite median FVIII:C of 13.0 IU dL−1. TGA was sensitive to FVIII:C below 1 IU dL−1. Those with the severest bleeding phenotype had the lowest TGA parameters.There was significant correlation between FVIII:C and TEG and TGA. TEG lost sensitivity at 48 h, but not TGA. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether these data can be used to design individualizedrFVIIIprophylaxis regimens.
Another look at follicular lymphoma: immunophenotypic and molecular analyses identify distinct follicular lymphoma subgroups
Authors: Marafioti Teresa , Copie‐Bergman Christiane , Calaminici Maria , Paterson Jennifer C , Shende Vishvesh H , Liu Hongxiang , Baia Maryse , Ramsay Alan D , Agostinelli Claudio , Brière Josette , Clear Andrew , Du Ming‐Qing , Piccaluga Pier Paolo , Masir Noraidah , Nacheva Elizabeth P , Sujobert Pierre , Shanmugam Kandavel , Grogan Thomas M , Brooks Simon P , Khwaja Asim , Ardeshna Kirit , Townsend William , Pileri Stefano A , Haioun Corinne , Linch David , Gribben John G , Gaulard Philippe , Isaacson Peter G 
Published: March 2013

AimsThe aim of this study was to analyse the immunophenotypic and molecular features of a large series of follicular lymphomas, focusing in particular on atypical cases that fail to express CD10 and/or bcl‐2. Such cases present diagnostic pitfalls, especially with regard to the differential diagnosis from follicular hyperplasia and marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma. Therefore, we also included an immunohistochemical evaluation of stathmin, which is strongly expressed by germinal centre B cells, as a putative new marker for follicular lymphomas, particularly those with an atypical phenotype.Methods and resultsTwo hundred and five follicular lymphomas were investigated with immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in‐situ hybridization (FISH). The use of three distinct anti‐bcl‐2 antibodies together with CD10 expression data and FISH analysis for bcl‐2 and bcl‐6 rearrangements allowed subclassification of follicular lymphoma into four distinct subgroups: (i) CD10‐positive/bcl‐2‐positive, (ii) CD10‐positive/bcl‐2‐negative, (iii) CD10‐negative/bcl‐2‐positive, and (iv) CD10‐negative/bcl‐2‐negative. All cases were bcl‐6‐positive. STMN1 (stathmin) was shown to be helpful in diagnosing bcl‐2‐negative and/or CD10‐negative follicular lymphomas, and in their distinction from marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma.ConclusionsCombined immunohistological and molecular analyses reveal that follicular lymphomas showing an atypical immunophenotypic and molecular profile exist, and we demonstrate that STMN1 represents a novel useful diagnostic marker for these.
La protección de la mujer en la vejez en el sistema de pensiones español
Authors: Cifre Concha Salvador 
Published: March 2013

ResumenEl caso español confirma la tesis general de que un sistema de carácter contributivo reproduce las desigualdades de género en el reparto de las responsabilidades familiares y en el mercado de trabajo. Las mujeres que han permanecido en el hogar, en general, no tienen derecho a pensiones propias y quedan a expensas de prestaciones de menor importe, como son las pensiones de viudedad (derechos derivados) o las no contributivas. Por otro lado, aquellas que trabajan fuera del hogar acumulan menores derechos que los varones y, por consiguiente, pensiones de jubilación e incapacidad laboral (derechos propios) de menor cuantía. El objetivo de este estudio es examinar los resultados en España de la distribución de las pensiones por sexo, revisar algunas de las políticas de pensiones que se han puesto en práctica en el presente siglo y proponer acciones directas para avanzar en la transición de los derechos derivados a los derechos propios. Se trata de propuestas de impulso de la igualdad de género, entendida como derecho a la igualdad de bienestar derivado de la cobertura de seguridad económica en la vejez.