bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil oxidative burst activates ATM to regulate cytokine production and apoptosis
Authors: Harbort C. J. , Soeiro-Pereira Paulo Vitor , von Bernuth Horst , Kaindl Angela M. , Costa-Carvalho Beatriz Tavares , Condino-Neto Antonio , Reichenbach Janine , Roesler Joachim , Zychlinsky Arturo , Amulic Borko 
Published: October 2015

Key Points
Activation of ATM kinase modulates neutrophil functions and is dependent on the oxidative burst. Neutrophils from ataxia telangiectasia patients overproduce inflammatory cytokines and have a prolonged lifespan.
Optimization of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells by rapamycin in a murine model of acute graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Kim Kyoung-Woon , Moon Su-Jin , Park Min-Jung , Kim Bo-Mi , Kim Eun-Kyung , Lee Sung-Hee , Lee Eun-Jung , Chung Byung-Ha , Yang Chul-Woo , Cho Mi-La 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroductionMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can protect bone marrow transplantation (BMT) recipients from the lethal acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) development. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of MSCs in aGVHD remain to be elucidated. The immunoregulatory properties of MSCs are mediated by their production of anti-inflammatory molecules, including IL-10 and TGF-β. On the other hand, MSCs can also produce proinflammatory cytokines during their normal growth, such as IL-1β and IL-6. These opposite actions may limit their therapeutic application in aGVHD. Therefore, optimization of the functional properties of MSCs can increase their benefits.MethodsThe expressions of mRNA and protein were analyzed by real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. Expression of MSC markers was assessed by flow cytometry. An animal model of aGVHD was established by transplanting C57BL/6 donor bone marrow cells and spleen cells into lethally irradiated BALB/c recipient mice. The recipient mice were divided into the control group and the therapy [adipose tissue-derived human MSCs (Ad-hMSCs) or rapamycin-treated Ad-hMSCs] groups. The survival, body weight and clinical score of aGVHD in transplanted mice were monitored.ResultsRapamycin pre-treatment of Ad-hMSCs increased mRNA synthesis of IL-10, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, and TGF-β compared with untreated Ad-hMSCs. Rapamycin-treated Ad-hMSCs suppressed clonal expansion of interleukin-17-producing CD4+T (Th17) cells more effectively than untreated cells. mRNA expression of autophagy markers such as ATG5, LC3A and LC3B was significantly increased in the rapamycin-treated Ad-hMSCs compared with untreated Ad-hMSCs. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that Ad-hMSCs exposure to rapamycin resulted in the appearance of autophagic vacuoles. Interestingly,in vitromigration efficiency of rapamycin-treated Ad-hMSCs toward the CD4+T cells was increased significantly compared with the untreated cells. And, these effects were associated with autophagy induction capacity of rapamycin.In vivo, the inhibiting properties of MSCs on the clinical severities of aGVHD were greater in the mice receiving rapamycin-treated Ad-hMSCs compared with untreated Ad-hMSCs. The beneficial effects of rapamycin treatment in Ad-hMSCs shownin vivowere associated with a reduction of Th17 cells and an increase in regulatory T cells.ConclusionsRapamycin can optimize the immunomodulatory potential of Ad-hMSCs, suggesting a promising strategy of MSC use in aGVHD treatment.
Hyperglycaemia and its related risk factors in Ilam province, west of Iran- a population-based study
Authors: Asadollahi Khairollah , Delpisheh Ali , Asadollahi Parisa , Abangah Ghobad 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Background
Impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) has been defined as the fasting plasma glucose level between 6.1 (110 mgl/dl) and 6.9 mmol/l (125 mgl/dl). Control of hyperglycaemia during acute illness among diabetic and non-diabetic patients has been associated with improved outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of and factors related to hyperglycaemia, IFG and diabetes in west of Iran.

Methods
This project was performed by a cross-sectional method in Ilam province including 2158 people ≥ 25 years old. From the list of all rural and urban health centers of each county, several were randomly selected. For each selected health centre, families numbered 1–20 completed questionnaire forms for all the members aging ≥ 25 years. FBS was measured for all the participants by standard method. All the demographic and laboratory results were analysed using SPSS 16. Descriptive and regression analysis were used for statistical analysis appropriately.

Results
A total of 2158 people were evaluated in this study, among which 72 % were female with a mean age of 45.5 ± 14 years. 40 % of participants were from urban regions and the mean height, weight, FBS and waist size of the participants were respectively as follows: 164 ± 8.9 cm, 68.4 ± 12.3 kg, 5.7 ± 2.8 mmol/l (102.6 ± 49.9 mg/dl) and 82.3 ± 14.3 cm. The prevalence of IFG, diabetes and hyperglycaemia among participants were 7.8 %, 11.8 % and 19.6 %, respectively and participants from urban area showed a significantly higher prevalence of hyperglycaemia compared to rural regions (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion
The most effective factors associated with IFG and diabetes were family history of diabetes, age, hypertension, marital status, place of life and smoking, respectively. The prevalence of IFG, diabetes and hyperglycemia among the population living in Ilam province, west of Iran, were 7.8, 11.8 and 19.6 % respectively which were directly increased with age.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone gel in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: A retrospective study of patients.
Authors: Li Xiao , Golubovsky Josh , Hui-Yuen Joyce , Shah Ummara , Olech Ewa , Lomeo Rosalia , Singh Vijay , Busch Howard , Strandberg Mary Jane , Strandberg Kayla , Horowitz Leslie , Askanase Anca 
Published: October 2015

Objectives: Acthar Gel is a long-acting formulation of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) with anti-inflammatory effects thought to be mediated in part through melanocortin receptor activation. This study was initiated to understand the role of Acthar Gel in SLE treatment in rheumatology practices.Methods: This is a retrospective case series of nine adult female patients treated with Acthar Gel for at least six months at five academic centers. Treating physicians completed a one-page questionnaire on lupus medications, disease activity, and outcomes. Clinical response was defined using SLEDAI 2K and improvement in the clinical manifestation(s) being treated.Results: The most common clinical SLE manifestations/indications requiring therapy with Acthar Gel were arthritis, rash, and inability to taper corticosteroids. The mean SLEDAI 2K score at baseline was 5.8 (range 0-16). Six patients were concomitantly treated with corticosteroids (mean dose 18.3mg/day). All patients were on background SLE medications including immunosuppressives. Seven of nine patients had an overall improvement, with a decrease in SLEDAI 2K to 3.5; four of five patients had improvement or resolution in arthritis, and one of two patients had resolution of inflammatory rash. Four patients discontinued corticosteroids and one patient tapered below 50% of the initial dose by 3 months of treatment with Acthar Gel. No adverse events were reported.Conclusions: This study suggests a role for Acthar Gel as an alternative to corticosteroids in the treatment of SLE. Acthar Gel appears to be safe and well-tolerated after 6 months of treatment, with a significant reduction in disease activity.
Non-stationary stationarity in systems of third type and philosophy of instability
Authors: Гавриленко  , Gavrilenko T. , Еськов  , Eskov Valeriy , Еськов  , Eskov Valeriy , Вохмина  , Vokhmina Yu. 
Published: October 2015

There are several criteria in science for stationarity (stability) of different dynamical systems. The stationarity in physics, engineering and chemistry is being interpreted as matching the requirements of dx/dt=0, where x=x(t) - is the vector of system’s state, or the equality of distribution functions f(x) for different samples which characterize the system. However, in case of social or biological systems the matching of the requirements is impossible and there is a problem of specific assessment of stationary regimes of complex systems of the third type. The possibility of studying of such systems within the frame of deterministic chaos, stochastic approach and theory of chaos and self-organization is being discussed. This article explains why I.R. Prigogine refused from materialistic (in fact deterministic) approach in the description of such special systems of third type and tried to get away from the traditional science in the description of biological systems.
Provision of Incentives for Information Acquisition: Forecast-Based Contracts vs. Menus of Linear Contracts
Authors: Chen Fangruo , Lai Guoming , Xiao Wenqiang 
Published: October 2015

In the producer–seller relationship, the seller, besides his role of selling, is often in an ideal position to gather useful market information for the producer’s operations planning. Incentive alignment is critical to motivate both information-acquisition and sales efforts. Two popular contract forms are investigated. One is the forecast-based contract (FC) that requires the seller to submit a demand forecast: the seller obtains commissions from the realized sales but is also obliged to pay a penalty for any deviation of the sales from the forecast. The other is the classical menu of linear contracts (MLC), from which the seller can choose a contract that specifies a unique commission rate and a fixed payment. The conventional understanding suggests that the MLC is superior, but it is often assumed that information is exogenously endowed. In contrast, we find that, with an endogenous information-acquisition effort, the MLC may suffer from a conflicted moral hazard effect that creates friction between motivations for the two efforts. The FC can, however, decouple these two tasks and thus dominate the MLC. We further find that when ensuring interim participation is necessary (e.g., renegotiation cannot be prevented after information acquisition), the performance of the FC might be affected by the adverse selection effect because it is unable to effectively separate different types, at which the MLC excels. We show that when the demand and supply mismatch cost is substantial, the conflicted moral hazard effect dominates the adverse selection effect, and the FC is more efficient, and it is the converse otherwise. These findings can enrich the understanding of these two contract forms and are useful for sales and operations planning. This paper was accepted by Yossi Aviv, operations management.
Organocatalysts for enantioselective synthesis of fine chemicals: definitions, trends and developments
Authors: Palumbo Chiara , Guidotti Matteo 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Organocatalysis, that is the use of small organic molecules to catalyze organic transformations, has been included among the most successful concepts in asymmetric catalysis, and it has been used for the enantioselective construction of C–C, C–N, C–O, C–S, C–P and C–halide bonds. Since the seminal works in early 2000, the scientific community has been paying an ever-growing attention to the use of organocatalysts for the synthesis, with high yields and remarkable stereoselectivities, of optically active fine chemicals of interest for the pharmaceutical industry. A brief overview is here presented about the two main classes of organocatalysis which are respectively characterized by covalent and non-covalent activation of the substrate. More detailed information about non-covalent interactions for organocatalysis are given. Finally, some successful examples of heterogenisation of organocatalysts are also discussed, in the view of a potential industrial exploitation.
Review and verification of the psychometric properties of the mood instability dimension of the dimensional clinical personality inventory.
Authors: De Francisco Carvalho Lucas , Possenti Sette Catarina 
Published: October 2015

The present study aimed to review the Mood Instability dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (DCPI) and to examine its psychometric properties. To this end, new items were developed that were applied to 230 subjects, aged between 18 and 63 years (M = 23.0, SD = 9.44), with a majority of females (76.4%). All participants answered the DCPI, the Brazilian version of the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised and the Brazilian version of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). As a result, 306 new items were developed based on four sources of reference in the area and selected by means of content analysis and 27 items to compose the final version of the dimension to be applied. After data collection and statistical analysis, the reviewed dimension was composed of three factors plus a total score. The internal consistency coefficients were adequate and equal to .85 for the final set of 16 items, with a variation range between .78 and .81 per factor. Moreover, the expected intracorrelations were found, as well as consistent correlations with the instruments used. Data allow inferring validity evidence for the scale reviewed, as well as demonstrating satisfactory internal consistency.
Effect of a pre-exercise hydrocortisone dose on short-term physical performance in female patients with primary adrenal failure
Authors: Simunkova Katerina , Jovanovic Nevena , Rostrup Espen , Methlie Paal , Øksnes Marianne , Nilsen Roy Miodini , Hennø Hanne , Tilseth Mira , Godang Kristin , Kovac Ana , Løvås Kristian , Husebye Eystein S 
Published: October 2015

ObjectiveMany patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) take extra doses of glucocorticoids during stressful events, but a benefit has not been demonstrated in controlled trials. Here, we investigated the effects of a pre-exercise hydrocortisone dose on cardiorespiratory, hormonal and metabolic parameters in response to short-term strenuous physical activity.DesignThis was a randomized placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical trial.ParticipantsTen women with Addison's disease and 10 age-matched healthy females participated in the study.MeasurementsAll women in the study underwent maximal incremental exercise testing. A stress dose of 10 mg hydrocortisone or placebo was given 1 h prior to exercise on two occasions. Blood samples were drawn before, and 0, 15 and 30 min post exercise. Oxygen uptake, maximal aerobic capacity, endocrine and metabolic responses to physical activity, as well as health status by questionnaires were evaluated.ResultsMaximal aerobic capacity and duration of exercise were significantly lower in patients than in healthy subjects and did not improve with the treatment. After an extra hydrocortisone dose serum cortisol was significantly higher than in the healthy subjects (P<0.001). Post-exercise glucose and adrenaline levels were significantly lower and free fatty acids insignificantly higher in patients irrespective of stress dose. Stress dosing did not alter other metabolic or hormonal parameters or quality of life after the exercise.ConclusionsThe patients did not benefit from an extra dose of hydrocortisone in short strenuous exercise. Stress dosing may not be justified in this setting. Whether stress dosing is beneficial in other types of physical activity will have to be examined further.
Promoting Food Security for All Children
Authors:   COUNCIL ON COMMUNITY PEDIATRICS,   COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION, Gitterman Benjamin A. , Chilton Lance A. , Cotton William H. , Duffee James H. , Flanagan Patricia , Keane Virginia A. , Krugman Scott D. , Kuo Alice A. , Linton Julie M. , McKelvey Carla D. , Paz-Soldan Gonzalo J. , Daniels Stephen R. , Abrams Steven A. , Corkins Mark R. , de Ferranti Sarah D. , Golden Neville H. , Magge Sheela N. , Schwarzenberg Sarah Jane 
Published: October 2015

This Policy Statement was reaffirmed March 2021.
Sixteen million US children (21%) live in households without consistent access to adequate food. After multiple risk factors are considered, children who live in households that are food insecure, even at the lowest levels, are likely to be sick more often, recover from illness more slowly, and be hospitalized more frequently. Lack of adequate healthy food can impair a child’s ability to concentrate and perform well in school and is linked to higher levels of behavioral and emotional problems from preschool through adolescence. Food insecurity can affect children in any community, not only traditionally underserved ones. Pediatricians can play a central role in screening and identifying children at risk for food insecurity and in connecting families with needed community resources. Pediatricians should also advocate for federal and local policies that support access to adequate healthy food for an active and healthy life for all children and their families.
El caso UCA Tierra y Agua, un proyecto de desarrollo turístico en Nicaragua
Authors: Altisent Carulla Daniel 
Published: October 2015

<p>Este artículo analiza, desde una visión social, historia y antropológica, la evolución del fenómeno turístico en Nicaragua como herramienta para un desarrollo sostenible a nivel local. Concretando en el proyecto de la Unión de Cooperativas Agropecuarias Tierra y Agua, se analiza el proceso metodológico para la aplicación de un turismo rural comunitario que potencie mayores oportunidades para la comunidad local. Heredera del legado revolucionario sandinista, la UCA Tierra y Agua se ha consolidado en Nicaragua como alternativa al turismo tradicional de sol y playa, ofreciendo un turismo implicado con el desarrollo sostenible. Se analiza tanto el sistema cooperativista y asambleario de la UCA, como el esfuerzo, el trabajo conjunto y la voluntad de sus integrantes, para encontrar una alternativa de desarrollo a su actividad principal, que sigue siendo la agricultura. A través de un estudio, basado en el trabajo de campo y el análisis estadístico de los visitantes de la UCA, durante el año 2009, establecemos, mediante su perfil, gusto y condición, el prototipo de turista que decide escoger esta opción de turismo rural comunitario para pasar sus vacaciones. </p>
La cárcel es una institución fuera de la ley. Conversación acerca de Las Cárceles de la miseria
Authors: Wacquant Loïc 
Published: October 2015

<p>En Francia, a veces, nos conmovemos por las condiciones de vida que hay en las cárceles: sobrepoblación, vetustez, miseria, violencia, violaciones…<br />La publicación del libro de la doctora Véronique Vasseur generó muchos reportajes periodísticos y la creación de una comisión de investigación y algunas declaraciones apresuradas de los<br />parlamentarios4. ¿Qué le inspiró este episodio?</p>
Tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en la educación: tendencias investigativas
Authors: Rojas Bahamón Magda Julissa , Silva Silva Ana Milena , Correa Cruz Lucelly 
Published: October 2015

<p>incorporadas del todo en el ámbito educativo. Al respecto existen muchas experiencias investigativas que han sido desarrolladas en diferentes escenarios; por esta razón, el objetivo de este artículo es presentar un balance de los<br />aspectos más comunes encontrados en los antecedentes investigativos publicados en la red por diversos autores con relación a las tic en la educación.<br />La metodología utilizada fue cualitativa, hermenéutica, de tipo documental y descriptiva, utilizándose como instrumento, la rejilla de análisis mediante una base de datos en Microsoft Access. Las principales conclusiones, asimismo, develan que no todas las instituciones educativas se encuentran preparas para afrontar la era digital, pero reconocen que las tic son una manera necesaria, aunque no absoluta de mejorar y ser más efectivos en el aprendizaje del estudiantado. En pocas palabras, las tic mejoran la forma de enseñar y, por ende, de aprender, sin olvidar los métodos tradicionales.<br />Palabras clave: educación, estudiante, profesor, tic.</p>
Aprender haciendo – investigar reflexionando: caso de estudio paralelo en Colombia y Chile
Authors: Rodriguez Garcia Arturo B , Ramirez Lopez Leonardo Juan 
Published: October 2015

<p>El presente artículo ofrece una reflexión sobre las posturas metodológicas del construccionismo que integran las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (tic), entre ellas la WebQuest, objetos digitales de aprendizaje,<br />plataformas e-Learning, entre otras, de gran auge actual, frente a nuevos objetivos y desafíos con visión futurista de la sociedad. Para abrir la reflexión sobre el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje se propone un caso de estudio que<br />permita evaluar cómo el metabolismo de la sala de clases ha cambiado, principalmente por el uso masivo de las tic que brinda al estudiante una metodología de información distribuida en diferentes y variadas fuentes de información, apartando la metodología centralizada que le prepara mediante el aprender haciendo e investigar reflexionando. En el ambiente universitario, la investigación forma parte del quehacer del estudiante convertido inicialmente en auxiliar de investigación y es ahí donde resulta necesario un análisis de los efectos que causan sus investigaciones en el medio sociocultural y productivo en el cual se desenvuelve.<br />El caso de estudio se desarrolla con los grupos de investigación en telemedicina de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada de Colombia (Tigum) y en Nuevas Tecnologías de la Universidad Santiago de Chile (gint), que durante 2012 y 2013 han realizado un estudio paralelo exploratorio aplicando la metodología “aprender haciendo-investigar reflexionando”, la cual permite evaluar los resultados de investigación y el desarrollo profesional de sus auxiliares<br />participantes. Así, se ha logrado que el 80% de los auxiliares continúen sus estudios de posgrado en maestrías o doctorados a nivel nacional o internacional.<br />Palabras clave: metodología, aprender, hacer, investigar, reflexionar.</p>
Estrategias didácticas en el uso y aplicación de herramientas virtuales para el mejoramiento en la enseñanza del cálculo integral
Authors: Gutierrez Mendoza Lucia , Ariza Nieves Luz M. , Jaramillo Mujica Jorge A. 
Published: October 2015

<p>El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar los resultados de la investigación cuyo propósito se estableció en el diseño e implementación de estrategias didácticas apoyadas con herramientas tecnológicas multimediales a fin de mejorar el aprendizaje del cálculo integral y sus aplicaciones. La población objeto de estudio se centró en los estudiantes de ingeniería de tercer semestre en la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada (umng).<br />Como parte del desarrollo del proyecto de investigación se diseñaron encuestas para indagar sobre los factores que inciden en la pérdida de la asignatura. Llama la atención dentro de los resultados, la importancia de capacitar a los<br />docentes en cuanto a metodologías de enseñanza y el diseño de estrategias didácticas y, por otro lado, fortalecer los conceptos básicos requeridos para cursar la asignatura de cálculo integral. En cuanto al uso de las tecnologías de la<br />información y las comunicaciones (tic), se concluye que su incorporación en el quehacer pedagógico, posibilita el aprendizaje de temas del cálculo integral de gran complejidad para los estudiantes.<br />Palabras clave: cálculo integral, estrategia didáctica, enseñanza, herramientas virtuales.</p>