bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a Genogroup I Sapovirus Isolated from Chimpanzees in the Republic of Congo
Authors: Mombo Illich M. , Berthet Nicolas , Bouchier Christiane , Fair Joseph N. , Schneider Bradley S. , Renaud François , Leroy Eric M. , Rougeron Virginie 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

Sapoviruses, which are members of the
Caliciviridae
family, are small nonenveloped viruses known to infect a large spectrum of mammalian hosts. We report here the first complete genome sequences of two genogroup I sapoviruses isolated from fecal samples from chimpanzees living in the Tchimpounga sanctuary, Republic of Congo.
Draft Genome Sequences of Respiratory and Urinary Tract Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from the Same Patient
Authors: Golemboski Daniel , Eardly Bertrand D. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

Acinetobacter baumannii
is a frequent hospital-acquired human pathogen. This report describes the draft genome sequences of two distinct
A. baumannii
clinical isolates from the same patient. A comparison of the genomes revealed differences in antibiotic resistance and will enable the determination of genomic differences responsible for virulence at each body site.
Whole Genome Sequence of Polyresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis CWCFVRF PRTB 19 Sputum Isolate from Chennai, India, Closely Clustering with East African Indian 5 Genogroup
Authors: Lakshmipathy Dhanurekha , Vetrivel Umashankar , Ramasubban Gayathri , Kulandai Lily Therese , Madhavan Hajib Narahari , Sridhar R. , Meenakshi N. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

We announce the draft genome sequence of a polyresistant
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
strain (CWCFVRF PRTB 19) isolated from the sputum of a clinically suspected tuberculosis patient, and it closely clusters to the East African Indian 5 (EAI5) lineage.
Genome Sequence of “
Candidatus
Arthromitus” sp. Strain SFB-Mouse-NL, a Commensal Bacterium with a Key Role in Postnatal Maturation of Gut Immune Functions
Authors: Bolotin Alexander , de Wouters Tomas , Schnupf Pamela , Bouchier Christiane , Loux Valentin , Rhimi Moez , Jamet Alexandre , Dervyn Rozenn , Boudebbouze Samira , Blottière Hervé M. , Sorokin Alexei , Snel Johannes , Cerf-Bensussan Nadine , Gaboriau-Routhiau Valérie , van de Guchte Maarten , Maguin Emmanuelle 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

“
Candidatus
Arthromitus” sp. strain SFB-mouse-NL (SFB, segmented filamentous bacteria) is a commensal bacterium necessary for inducing the postnatal maturation of homeostatic innate and adaptive immune responses in the mouse gut. Here, we report the genome sequence of this bacterium, which sets it apart from earlier sequenced mouse SFB isolates.
Draft Genome Sequences of the Alga-Degrading Bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila Strain AD9 and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes Strain AD6
Authors: Lenneman Eric M. , Barney Brett M. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

Aeromonas hydrophila
AD9 and
Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes
AD6 have been linked to algal cell degradation. Here we report the draft genomes of
A. hydrophila
AD9 and
P. pseudoalcaligenes
AD6 for the investigation of causative agents for algal cell degradation.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Endosymbiont “
Candidatus
Ruthia magnifica” UCD-CM (Phylum
Proteobacteria
)
Authors: Lee Ruth D. , Jospin Guillaume , Coil David A. , Eisen Jonathan A. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the draft genome of the endosymbiont “
Candidatus
Ruthia magnifica” UCD-CM, a member of the phylum
Proteobacteria
, found from the gills of a deep-sea giant clam,
Calyptogena magnifica
. The assembly consists of 1,160,249 bp contained in 18 contigs.
A randomised controlled trial to compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of prism glasses, visual search training and standard care in patients with hemianopia following stroke: a protocol
Authors: Rowe F J , Barton P G , Bedson E , Breen R , Conroy E J , Cwiklinski E , Dodridge C , Drummond A , Garcia-Finana M , Howard C , Johnson S , MacIntosh C , Noonan C P , Pollock A , Rockliffe J , Sackley C , Shipman T ,   VISION (vision impairment in stroke: intervention or not)
Published: July 2014

IntroductionHomonymous hemianopia is a common and disabling visual problem after stroke. Currently, prism glasses and visual scanning training are proposed to improve it. The aim of this trial is to determine the effectiveness of these interventions compared to standard care.Methods and analysisThe trial will be a multicentre three arm individually randomised controlled trial with independent assessment at 6 week, 12 week and 26 week post-randomisation. Recruitment will occur in hospital, outpatient and primary care settings in UK hospital trusts. A total of 105 patients with homonymous hemianopia and without ocular motility impairment, visual inattention or pre-existent visual field impairment will be randomised to one of three balanced groups. Randomisation lists will be stratified by site and hemianopia level (partial or complete) and created using simple block randomisation by an independent statistician. Allocations will be disclosed to patients by the treating clinician, maintaining blinding for outcome assessment. The primary outcome will be change in visual field assessment from baseline to 26 weeks. Secondary measures will include the Rivermead Mobility Index, Visual Function Questionnaire 25/10, Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living, Euro Qual-5D and Short Form-12 questionnaires. Analysis will be by intention to treat.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been developed and supported by the UK Stroke Research Network Clinical Studies Group working with service users. Multicentre ethical approval was obtained through the North West 6 Research ethics committee (Reference 10/H1003/119). The trial is funded by the UK Stroke Association. Trial Registration: Current Controlled TrialsISRCTN05956042. Dissemination will consider usual scholarly options of conference presentation and journal publication in addition to patient and public dissemination with lay summaries and articles.Trial RegistrationCurrent Controlled TrialsISRCTN05956042.
Contraception counselling of female soldiers in primary healthcare facilities
Authors: Crabb Sarah L 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundEffectiveness of barrier and oral contraceptive pills is dependent on daily adherence and consistency that cannot always be guaranteed by military lifestyle. Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods could provide a good alternative to guarantee effective contraception in unpredictable scenarios, and recent studies have suggested they could provide wider non-contraceptive benefits. LARC has been proven to be more cost effective than the combined oral contraceptive pill. The National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has released guidelines on contraception provision to ensure all women receive the contraception method that is most appropriate to the individual.MethodA retrospective audit of 105 sets of primary healthcare notes of serving female soldiers was assessed to establish contraceptive choices and whether appropriate information had been provided within the last year of their last consultation.Results100% had seen a healthcare provider capable of providing contraceptive advice in the last year. 69% documented as using some form of non-surgical contraception versus 58% quoted as national usage. 21% were using some form of LARC versus 8% national usage. 66% of eligible women had not had LARC discussed with them, and of these 50% did not have any contraceptive usage documented. Among other consultations, 41% had had a medical within the year period, of which over half had no documented contraceptive status.ConclusionsAs military healthcare providers, we have more exposure to our patients than NHS equivalents and this small study suggests there is an increased demand for contraception. Contraceptive choice counselling should be a mandatory part of routine initial medicals. If the situation demands a medical for any other reason, a documented contraception status should form an important part of the risk assessment process.
Thinking platforms for smarter urban water systems: fusing technical and socio-economic models and tools
Authors: Makropoulos Christos 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Engineering is currently expanding its conceptual boundaries by accepting the challenge of interdisciplinarity, while often adopting social and biological concepts in developing tools (e.g. evolutionary optimization or interactive autonomous agents) or even world views (e.g. co-evolution, resilience, adaptation). The emerging socio-technical knowledge domain is still very much restricted by partial knowledge associated with the lack of long-term transdisciplinary research effort and the unavailability of robust, integrated tools able to cover both the technical and the socio-economic domains and to act as ‘thinking platforms’ for long-term scenario planning and strategic decision making under (high-order) uncertainties. Here we present an example of a toolkit that attempts to bridge this gap focusing on urban water (UW) systems and their management. The toolkit consists of three tools: the UW Optioneering Tool (UWOT); the UW Agent Based Modelling Platform (UWABM); and the UW System Dynamic Environment (UWSDE). The tools are briefly presented and discussed, focusing on interactions and data flows between them and their typical results are illustrated through a case study example. A further tool (a Cellular Automata Based Urban Growth Model) is currently under development and an early coupling with the other tools is also discussed. It is argued that this type of extended model fusion, beyond what has traditionally been thought of as ‘integrated modelling’ in the engineering domain is a new frontier in the understanding of environmental systems and presents a promising, emerging field in modelling interactions between our societies and cities, and our environment.
Osteopontin Shapes Immunosuppression in the Metastatic Niche
Authors: Sangaletti Sabina , Tripodo Claudio , Sandri Sara , Torselli Ilaria , Vitali Caterina , Ratti Chiara , Botti Laura , Burocchi Alessia , Porcasi Rossana , Tomirotti Andrea , Colombo Mario P. , Chiodoni Claudia 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe matricellular protein osteopontin (OPN, Spp-1) is widely associated with cancer aggressiveness when produced by tumor cells, but its impact is uncertain when produced by leukocytes in the context of the tumor stroma. In a broad study using Spp1−/− mice along with gene silencing in tumor cells, we obtained evidence of distinct and common activities of OPN when produced by tumor or host cells in a spontaneously metastatic model of breast cancer. Different cellular localization of OPN is associated with its distinct activities, being mainly secreted in tumor cells while intracellular in myeloid cells. OPN produced by tumor cells supported their survival in the blood stream, whereas both tumor- and host-derived OPN, particularly from myeloid cells, rendered the metastatic site more immunosuppressive. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) expanded with tumor progression at both primary and lung metastatic sites. Of the expanded monocytic and granulocytic cell populations of MDSCs, the monocytic subset was the predominant source of OPN. In Spp1−/− mice, the inhibition of lung metastases correlated with the expansion of granulocyte-oriented MDSCs. Notably, monocytic MDSCs in Spp1−/− mice were less suppressive than their wild-type counterparts due to lower expression of arginase-1, IL6, and phospho-Stat3. Moreover, fewer regulatory T cells accumulated at the metastatic site in Spp1−/− mice. Our data find correlation with lung metastases of human mammary carcinomas that are associated with myeloid cells expressing OPN. Overall, our results unveiled novel functions for OPN in shaping local immunosuppression in the lung metastatic niche. Cancer Res; 74(17); 4706–19. ©2014 AACR.
Mutant IDH1-Driven Cellular Transformation Increases RAD51-Mediated Homologous Recombination and Temozolomide Resistance
Authors: Ohba Shigeo , Mukherjee Joydeep , See Wendy L. , Pieper Russell O. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations occur in most lower grade glioma and not only drive gliomagenesis but are also associated with longer patient survival and improved response to temozolomide. To investigate the possible causative relationship between these events, we introduced wild-type (WT) or mutant IDH1 into immortalized, untransformed human astrocytes, then monitored transformation status and temozolomide response. Temozolomide-sensitive parental cells exhibited DNA damage (γ-H2AX foci) and a prolonged G2 cell-cycle arrest beginning three days after temozolomide (100 μmol/L, 3 hours) exposure and persisting for more than four days. The same cells transformed by expression of mutant IDH1 exhibited a comparable degree of DNA damage and cell-cycle arrest, but both events resolved significantly faster in association with increased, rather than decreased, clonogenic survival. The increases in DNA damage processing, cell-cycle progression, and clonogenicity were unique to cells transformed by mutant IDH1, and were not noted in cells transformed by WT IDH1 or an oncogenic form (V12H) of Ras. Similarly, these effects were not noted following introduction of mutant IDH1 into Ras-transformed cells or established glioma cells. They were, however, associated with increased homologous recombination (HR) and could be reversed by the genetic or pharmacologic suppression of the HR DNA repair protein RAD51. These results show that mutant IDH1 drives a unique set of transformative events that indirectly enhance HR and facilitate repair of temozolomide-induced DNA damage and temozolomide resistance. The results also suggest that inhibitors of HR may be a viable means to enhance temozolomide response in IDH1-mutant glioma. Cancer Res; 74(17); 4836–44. ©2014 AACR.
Bioactive Lipids, LPC and LPA, Are Novel Prometastatic Factors and Their Tissue Levels Increase in Response to Radio/Chemotherapy
Authors: Schneider Gabriela , Sellers Zachariah Payne , Abdel-Latif Ahmed , Morris Andrew J. , Ratajczak Mariusz Z. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Bioactive lipids are fundamental mediators of a number of critical biologic processes such as inflammation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is common in adolescence with histologic subtypes that favor metastasis. However, the factors that influence metastasis are not well appreciated. Here, it is shown that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and its derivative, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), strongly enhance motility and adhesion of human RMS cells. Importantly, these metastatic-associated phenotypes were observed at physiologic concentrations of these lipids, which naturally occur in biologic fluids. Moreover, the effects of these bioactive lipids were much stronger as compared with known peptide-based prometastatic factors in RMS, such as stromal-derived factor-1 or hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor. Finally, both LPC and LPA levels were increased in several organs after γ-irradiation or chemotherapy, supporting the hypothesis that radio/chemotherapy induces an unwanted prometastatic environment in these organs.
Implications: LPC and LPA play a previously underappreciated role in dissemination of RMS and suggest that antimetastatic treatment with specific molecules blocking LPC/LPA activity should be part of standard radio/chemotherapy arsenal. Mol Cancer Res; 12(11); 1560–73. ©2014 AACR.
O ensino de arte na educação brasileira
Authors: Iavelberg Rosa 
Published: July 2014

O presente artigo discorre sobre o ensino de arte na educação brasileira, explicitando relações entre as leis e os documentos de âmbito federal que dão as diretrizes para a educação em arte nas escolas de educação básica. Abordamos o recorte do 1º ao 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental, a formação de professores de arte, as mudanças teóricas e práticas no tempo e a escrita curricular em diferentes contextos educativos.
Sobre a educação básica no Brasil
Authors: Souza Paulo Nathanael Pereira de 
Published: July 2014

Analisamos a extensão e a gravidade da crise de pertinência e de qualidade que avassala na atualidade a educação brasileira em todos os graus de escolaridade, com ênfase no ensino básico, por ser ele estruturante na formação das novas gerações e obrigatório por lei a todos os brasileiros, da pré-escola ao ensino médio. Buscamos discutir as facetas mais destacadas da crise e encerramos com recomendações sobre possíveis ações de emergência que os governos poderiam implementar, no curto e no médio prazo, a fim de modificar para melhor esse quadro inaceitável de resultados obtidos pelos alunos de todos os níveis e modalidades de educação no Brasil, evitando-se perder tempo com novas reformas radicais, que, como demonstra a história, custam a ser aprovadas pelo Congresso Nacional e pouco chegam à sala de aula das escolas.
Abuse and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease Among Midlife Women
Authors: Thurston Rebecca C. , Chang Yuefang , Derby Carol A. , Bromberger Joyce T. , Harlow Sioban D. , Janssen Imke , Matthews Karen A. 
Published: July 2014

Background and Purpose—
Some evidence suggests that abuse may be related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among women. However, this relation has largely been addressed using self-reported measures of CVD. We tested whether a history of abuse was related to subclinical CVD among midlife women without clinical CVD.

Methods—
The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN) is a longitudinal cohort study of women transitioning through the menopause. One thousand four hundred two white, black, Hispanic, and Chinese SWAN participants completed measures of childhood and adult physical and sexual abuse, underwent a blood draw, completed physical measures, and underwent a carotid artery ultrasound at SWAN study visit 12. Associations between abuse and intima media thickness and plaque were tested in linear and multinomial logistic regression models controlling for age, site, race/ethnicity, financial strain, education, body mass index, lipids, blood pressure, measures of insulin resistance, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, and medication use.

Results—

Findings indicated that a history of childhood sexual abuse was associated with higher intima media thickness controlling for standard CVD risk factors and other confounders (β=0.022; SE=0.010;
P
<0.05; adjusted mean childhood sexual abuse: 0.800 mm versus no childhood sexual abuse: 0.782 mm).

Conclusions—
Childhood sexual abuse was associated with higher intima media thickness controlling for CVD risk factors and other confounders. These findings indicate the importance of considering the potential impact of early-life stressors on women’s later cardiovascular health.
Unlike terrestrial hermit crabs, marine hermit crabs do not prefer shells previously used by conspecifics
Authors: Laidre Mark E. , Trinh Rebecca 
Published: July 2014

Gastropod shells represent an essential resource for hermit crabs (Decapoda, Anomura). In many cases, hermit crabs acquire used shells from conspecifics who previously occupied the shell. Terrestrial hermit crabs (Coenobita compressus H. Milne Edwards, 1836) strongly prefer used shells. Here we test whether marine hermit crabs (Pagurus samuelis (Stimpson, 1857)) also exhibit a preference for used shells by providing them with matched pairs of (1) a used shell (previously occupied by either the choosing crab itself or by a conspecific) versus (2) a brand new shell (freshly derived from a predated gastropod). Unlike terrestrial hermit crabs, marine hermit crabs showed no preference for used shells (either their original shell or a shell from a conspecific). We suggest the divergent shell preferences of marine and terrestrial hermit crabs relate to the contrasting natural selection pressures in the sea versus on land. In particular, the used shells of terrestrial hermit crabs are architecturally remodeled by prior occupants and these remodeled shells represent a superior resource on land. In contrast, marine hermit crabs never remodel shells, and for them a used shell may be less protective than a new shell against the many specialized shell predators in the ocean.
Thermal tolerance of the marine crab, Portunus pelagicus (Brachyura, Portunidae)
Authors: Qari S. A. 
Published: July 2014

Critical thermal maxima (CTMax) and minima (CTMin) were determined for the blue crab, Portunus pelagicus acclimated at 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35° ± 1°C. The CTMax of blue crabs at those acclimation temperatures were 38.17, 39.08, 40.07, 41.26, and 42.66°C, respectively. The corresponding CTMin values were 12.28, 12.57, 14.84, 16.34, and 16.57°C, respectively. The zone of thermal tolerance assessed using the CTMax and CTMin boundaries was 519.7°C2. Acclimation response ratios ranged between 0.05 and 0.28.
Migration, Human Dislocation and the Good News
Authors: Gabriel Reuben Louis 
Published: July 2014

At the dawn of the nineteenth century the British were keen on introducing a civilizational progress into what was perceived to be superstitious and regressing British India. Several strategies to achieve this objective were considered, of which one was to start by influencing the Indian communities that showed greatest promise and had a friendly disposition towards the British, and through their instrumentality reach the other Indian communities. The Parsees figured prominently among the handful communities the British were interested in for this purpose. Amongst nineteenth-century Christian missionaries in western India, John Wilson of Bombay shared this interest and vision. It encouraged him to adopt Enlightenment-inspired methods of determining truth and falsehood in the Parsee socio-religious system with the hope of inducing moral and religious change amongst the Parsees. When this strategy met with strong resistance he diverted his efforts to educating the Parsees. Wilson’s mission did not produce the results he hoped for. Instead his rigorous engagement with their beliefs and customs served a warning to the Parsees of the need to introduce reform within their community in order to survive in a milieu of intense social change.India’s tropical climate, its fertile and diverse landscape, the reputation of its elite religious and philosophical culture and the welcoming demeanor of its people have drawn conquering princes, tradesmen, travelers, missionaries and even economic and political refugees to her for several millennia. Today’s eclectic India with its multi-racial and culturally diverse population is the result of migration that happened since ancient times, especially from the regions to her north and west. Amongst the ethnic groups that migrated to become part of India were the Persians. Contact between Persia and India has existed for more than three thousand years. Those Persians who made India their home in ancient times lost their exclusive identity over time and amalgamated with the mainstream people groups of India. A later migration under desperate circumstances at the beginning of the Islamic era and as a result of Islamic persecution brought Persians once again to the shores of India. These relatively recent refugees retained their identity and came to be known as Parsees. This paper is about them and about the efforts of one of British India’s leading Christian missionaries of the nineteenth century – John Wilson – to Christianize them. Not many Parsees converted to the Christian faith as a result of Wilson’s efforts, but the entire episode has much to offer by way of lessons for Christian mission amongst migrants and dislocated people.