bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capital market supply and REITs’ financing and investment decisions
Authors: Bai Qing , Chang Qingqing , Devine Avis 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– In the wake of the recent financial crisis, there has been extensive commentary regarding the rise and fall of REIT leverage, how much debt REITs should use, and the trendy “deleveraging” practice among REIT managers. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Identifying the late 2000s credit crunch as a supply shock, the paper uses difference-in-difference methodology to isolate alternative firm financing strategies and investment decision responses to the shock.

Findings
– Consistent with corporate survey results, this empirical analysis suggests that changes in capital structure are largely supply driven, and REIT managers “time” the debt market in response to credit conditions.

Originality/value
– This research clarifies the causes of the documented leverage pattern and provides fresh insights about REIT capital structure.
Top management support, inter-organizational relationships and external involvement
Authors: Feng Taiwen , Zhao Gang 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of top management support (TMS) and inter-organizational relationships (IORs) on external involvement (EI), and their differences across different ownerships.

Design/methodology/approach
– To test the research hypotheses, structural equation modeling was conducted using data from 176 Chinese manufacturing firms.

Findings
– TMS enhances relationship with customers and relationship with suppliers. Relationship with customers increases the degree of customer involvement, while relationship with suppliers increases the degree of supplier involvement. In addition, TMS improves customer involvement while does not improve supplier involvement directly. A further analysis reveals that the relationship between TMS and supplier involvement is partially mediated by relationship with suppliers in Chinese-controlled firms, whereas it is completely mediated by relationship with suppliers in foreign-controlled firms. Moreover, the effect of relationship with suppliers on supplier involvement is stronger in foreign-controlled firms than in Chinese-controlled firms.

Research limitations/implications
– This study employed perceptual data from a single respondent in each firm. In addition, the data used in this study were collected from one side of the dyad: the manufacturers.

Practical implications
– Both Chinese-controlled and foreign-controlled firms should get support from top management and develop close relationship with customers and suppliers to improve EI.

Originality value
– This study extends our knowledge in the field by examining how TMS and prior history of IORs can improve the degree of EI.
Opportunity recognition and cooperation flexibility of entrepreneurial franchisees
Authors: Liu Tsung-Chi , Victor Chen Jengchung , Hsu Po-Yi 
Published: May 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to theoretically and empirically demonstrate the channel relationship between franchisors and franchisees. It examines four essential constructs that may lead to successful long-term franchising relationships: the competitive advantage of franchisors, operational assistance, trust, and intention to continue. Moreover, this study attempts to investigate the multi-unit initiation of franchisees and their subsequent propensity to franchise moderated by entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and cooperation flexibility of franchisors.Design/methodology/approach– The survey results of 234 franchisees’ responses were analyzed to test the proposed hypotheses and research model using partial least squares modeling. Data were collected in Taiwan.Findings– It was found that operational assistance of franchisors significantly develops the trust of franchisees and their intention to continue; and cooperation flexibility of franchisors has the positive influence of trust on the entrepreneurial propensity decision of multi-unit franchisees.Practical implications– Franchisors have the responsibility to develop a consistently aligned set of cues, guidelines, and processes that can define the flexibility-oriented supply culture, and then systematically monitor the achievement of the support mission. Franchisees collaborate with capable franchisors with trust, where both parties are willing to maintain flexibility in their relationship. They will require frequent changes of products and services to meet the unexpected local environment.Originality/value– This study combines entrepreneurial perspective into traditional franchising relationship research for better understanding the multi-unit initiation and subsequent propensity of franchisees toward the franchise system.
IT competency and the commercial success of innovation
Authors: Fernández-Mesa Anabel , Luis Ferreras-Méndez José , Alegre Joaquin , Chiva Ricardo 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of information technology competency (ITC) on internal and external learning competency and the relations among ITC, internal and external learning competency and the commercial success of innovation (CSI)

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper uses survey data from 186 companies. Through structural equation modeling the paper assesses the links between ITC, internal and external learning competency and the CSI.

Findings
– First, this study finds that ITC plays a critical role in internal and external learning competencies. Second, internal and external learning competencies are directly related to the CSI. Third, internal and external learning competencies mediate the relation between ITC and the CSI.

Research limitations/implications
– The research is cross-sectional, so cause-effect relation cannot be definitively inferred from the results.

Originality/value
– This study contributes to organizational learning research, identifying a key antecedent of internal and external learning competencies – ITC – and analyzing the link between internal and external learning competencies and the CSI. Moreover, this study is relevant to IT literature because it shows that ITC, on its own, is insufficient to generate and maintain a competitive advantage. Firms need complementary strategic capabilities such as learning competencies to strengthen the effect of ITC on firm performance.
Do managerial ties support or stifle open innovation?
Authors: Muzamil Naqshbandi M. , Kaur Sharan 
Published: May 2014

Purpose– Research investigating the role of factors affecting open innovation remains scarce. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of managerial ties in facilitating the two types of open innovation – in-bound and out-bound.Design/methodology/approach– Data are collected using the questionnaire survey method from 339 middle and top managers working in four high-tech industries in Malaysia.Findings– Results show that in most high-tech industries in Malaysia, managerial ties with universities and with government officials facilitate in-bound open innovation, while ties with managers at other firms do not significantly relate to it in any high-tech industry. Further, managerial ties are not found to relate significantly to out-bound open innovation in any high-tech industry except in the aerospace and electronics industries wherein ties with government officials relate negatively and positively to out-bound innovation, respectively.Practical implications– This study provides empirical evidence about the managerial ties practitioners should and should not forge to succeed in the open innovation paradigm.Originality/value– This study is probably the only study so far that gauges the impact of managerial ties on open innovation. The results of this study fill a major gap in the current open innovation theory besides providing insights for practitioners.
Understanding switching intention of information systems users
Authors: Asimakopoulos Grigorios , Asimakopoulos Stavros 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to reveal the impact of usability and switching costs on user intention to switch information systems (IS), and to examine the mediating role of switching costs on the usability-intention to switch relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using structural equation modeling, the research hypotheses tested in the context of forecasting IS using a web-based survey of 205 business forecasters.

Findings
– Results show that both perceived usability and switching costs negatively affect intention to switch; and switching costs, through specific constructs, mediate the relationship between usability and intention to switch IS.

Research limitations/implications
– Further research is needed for a more comprehensive understanding of the role of switching costs and to test the model in a longitudinal study and across different types of IS.

Originality/value
– This research contributes to a better understanding of the interplay between usability and switching costs factors and their impact on IS switching user intention. Based on the study findings, theoretical and practical implications for IS are identified and discussed.
International study of technology investment decisions at hospitals
Authors: Wernz Christian , Zhang Hui , Phusavat Kongkiti 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– Healthcare costs have increased considerably over the past decades around the world. Major contributors to this trend are expensive medical technologies. The purpose of this paper is to use a case study approach to understand how organizational and country level factors influence hospital investment behavior.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper developed a conceptual framework based upon decision theory and institutional theory from which key questions were derived. The paper conducted semi-structured group interviews with relevant stakeholders in six hospitals located in five countries (Germany, India, Thailand, South Korea, USA).

Findings
– The paper found that the investment decisions of the interviewed hospitals are primarily affected by the healthcare system, the socio-economic and cultural context, and the organization's mission. Most of the interviewed hospitals consider multiple criteria in their decision-making framework and share similar organizational processes.

Practical implications
– The paper identified an international best practice approach to investment decision making at one of the hospitals. The other hospitals, despite being leading institutions in their respective countries, do not have sufficiently advanced and objective assessment approaches and would benefit from a more data-driven and systematic decision process.

Originality/value
– Prior research has documented that investment decisions at hospitals are driven by organizational factors. This paper shows how, in addition, country level factors – in particular healthcare system and cultural aspects – affect hospital decision-making behavior.
The mission statement: organisational culture perspective
Authors: Babnik Katarina , Breznik Kristijan , Dermol Valerij , Trunk Širca Nada 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of mission statement contents and its function in guiding employee's behaviour from the organisational culture (OC) perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research is based on a mixed method approach. The quantitative content analysis of mission statements was performed on a sample of 222 Slovenian companies. Mission statement's keywords were analysed with exploratory factor analysis. Advanced network analytic approaches such as PathFinder algorithm were utilised to obtain better understanding of interrelatedness of underlying mission components. Three interviews with the top managers were performed as well.

Findings
– The mission statement content analysis identified five associated organisations’ orientations: concern for stakeholders, orientation towards stability, orientation towards cooperation and innovation, and development and growth. The interviews confirm missions’ role in communicating the espoused or declared OC, although different approaches to achieve employees’ commitment to the organisation's mission can be identified in regard to the size of the organisation.

Originality/value
– The cultural approach to the analysis of mission statements confirms that the mission statements incorporate basic contents of OC. The methodology applied gives new possibilities in the research of OC perspective of strategic statements.
Marketing process adaptation
Authors: A. Griffith David , S. Lee Hannah , Seob Yeo Chang , Calantone Roger 
Published: May 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the marketing “processes” of governing multiple export relationships under the theoretical framework of governance value analysis (GVA). Specifically, this work examines the internal exchange attributes of transaction-specific investments and psychic distance on the adaptation/standardization of relational behavior and detailed contracting and how process adaptation/standardization influences new product outcomes and jointly created value in the focal export relationship.Design/methodology/approach– A survey was conducted of 151 US manufacturers regarding their relationship with their primary foreign buyers. Data were analyzed with partial least squares estimation.Findings– The results indicate that high levels of transaction-specific investments lead to the adaptation of relational behaviors whereas high levels of psychic distance lead to less adaptation of detailed contracting. The adaptation of relational behaviors and detailed contracting reflect differential direct effects on export performance. Furthermore, the results indicate that there is a significant positive interaction effect between the adaptation of relational behavior and detailed contracting on jointly created value in the focal export relationship.Practical implications– The findings of the study reveal that adaptation of the marketing process related to relationship governance strategies can play an important role in the export marketing process, but managers must proceed with caution in balancing relational behavior and detailed contract adaptation. The results also point to the importance of understanding the underlying source of uncertainty and adapting appropriate aspects of governance for enhancing jointly created value in the export relationship.Originality/value– The value of this research lies in its goal to highlight the issue of marketing process adaptation across multiple export relationships. Less attention has been paid to the marketing “processes” of governing multiple export relationships in the international marketing strategy literature relative to “program” standardization/adaptation. This is one of the first empirical studies on marketing process adaptation of governance employing the theoretical framework of GVA.
Customer relationship challenges following international acquisitions
Authors: Öberg Christina 
Published: May 2014

Purpose– An important task following international acquisitions is to coordinate customer relationships; that is, to organise customer interfaces and possibly establish new relationships between customers and the acquirer/the acquired party. Yet, such coordination may prove to be problematic, not the least since customers react to acquisitions. The purpose of this paper is to describe and discuss customer relationship coordination challenges following international acquisitions. Focus is placed on business-to-business customers in the country of the acquired party.Design/methodology/approach– The paper is based on three case studies representing overlapping customers, customers of an acquired party new to the acquirer, and customers new to the acquired party. Non-standardised, face-to-face interviews were the main data source, and were complemented with secondary data such as newspaper items and annual reports.Findings– Three main challenges are identified: internal competition and cannibalisation; customers not being interested in the new party; and the acquired party demonstrating its independence through customers.Practical implications– Managerially, any coordination of customer relationships needs to be weighted towards risks for customer losses. It is important to maintain ties to customers – sales and maintenance staff, the product/service, etc. – if customers are to continue with the firm. It is also important that sales and maintenance staff see the benefits of the acquisition.Originality/value– While international acquisitions are a frequent means to reach new markets and customers, the problems of coordinating customer relationships following them have not been previously researched. Theoretically, the paper contributes to research through categorising and contextually explaining customer relationship coordination challenges in international acquisitions.
Comparing retail formats in an emerging market
Authors: K. Saini Gordhan , Sahay Arvind 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– This study aims to examine the importance of credit and low price guarantee (LPG) on consumer purchase intention across types of retail store formats in an emerging market context.

Design/methodology/approach
– A 2 (kirana/modern retail)×2 (high/low LPG)×2 (credit/no credit) experimental design was used for this study. A sample of 200 respondents was asked about their purchase intention for a newly introduced hypothetical toothpaste brand and six hypotheses were tested.

Findings
– Findings show that credit and level of LPG determine consumer's purchase intention across store formats. The presence of credit and high LPG increases the purchase intention; however, relatively importance of these two varies by type of store. The absence of credit at kirana store definitely reduces the buying intention, while same is not true for modern retail store, where level of LPG is more important than the credit. Interestingly, buyer is likely to discount high LPG for a month's credit offered by a kirana store.

Practical implications
– The study can help practitioners and scholars to understand consumer responses to credit and LPG in buying decisions, and subsequently in designing a better product offer at a particular store format in emerging markets.

Originality/value
– Important insights are provided about the consumer behavior resulting from the presence or absence of credit and high or low levels of LPG in an emerging market context. The study also has public policy implications in a country where FDI in retail is a hotly debated topic.
MNCs in India: focus on frugal innovation
Authors: K. Ojha Abhoy 
Published: May 2014

Purpose
– Frugal innovation is a term that has been used to describe the low-cost products and services, as well as the systems and processes adopted by organizations to develop them. The purpose of this paper is to examine the experience of multi-national companies (MNCs) in India as they adopt the philosophy of frugal innovation to develop products that are high in technology but low in terms of cost to meet the requirements of the market conditions in India, and similar low-income economies.

Design/methodology/approach
– The case study methodology was adopted to understand the experiences of the Indian subsidiaries of two MNCs, Bosch India and 3M India. Data were acquired through interviews with key decision makers, documents, and publicly available information.

Findings
– The two MNCs have increased research and development (R&D) in India and adopted the philosophy of frugal innovation which combines high technology with low costs. Based on the analysis, some propositions are presented indicating that MNCs will shift R&D to India if there are market opportunities; they will adopt the philosophy of frugal innovation to produce high technology products that are lost cost and low cost over product lifetime and will also expand to new-to-the-world innovation and finally contribute to global innovation.

Research limitations/implications
– The study is based on only two case studies and a large sample study may be required before the findings can be generalized.

Practical implications
– Other MNCs can learn from Bosch India and 3M India in terms of adopting frugal innovation practices to be successful in low-income economies.

Originality/value
– The field of frugal innovation is quite new and largely based on anecdotal accounts of successful low-cost innovation. This paper provides a more detailed account of the experiences of two well-known organizations to present propositions that may be used to conduct a large sample study.
Quantitative accounting for social economic indicators
Authors: McBain Darian , Alsamawi Ali 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIn this paper we consider the evolution of quantitative accounting of social indicators for measuring societal progress and sustainable development, with particular reference to economic analysis and social indicators. We examine the use of the System of National Accounts and introduce the concept of using input‐output analysis for the development of social indicators. The use of satellite accounts for input‐output analysis of environmental impacts and the development of environmental footprints has been well documented. The novelty of this paper is the use of a methodology frequently used to develop environmental indicators to quantify social impacts and to further the development of social footprints. We provide a case study of the use of social satellite accounts for labour, using multi‐regional input‐output analysis to develop a global inequality footprint for labour embodied in trade, and argue the case for the development of a system of social economic accounts, similar to the System of Environmental‐Economic Accounts adopted by the United Nations Statistical Commission in 2012. This work contributes to the development of social valuation metrics as a means for measuring societal progress and developing sustainability indicators for use in management and decision‐making.
Late Spontaneous Nonanastomotic Transgraft Hemorrhage From Biological Material‐Impregnated Fabric Vascular Graft May Be Due to Autologous Tissue Detachment: A Clinical Hypothesis
Authors: Tomizawa Yasuko 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSpontaneous nonanastomotic transgraft hemorrhage occurring several years after grafting may be a new late complication of biological material‐impregnated fabric vascular grafts (BMIFVs). Autologous connective tissue detachment may be caused by high porosity of the fabric graft and high blood pressure. Bleeding around the fiber is the first sign of development. Fabric grafts with optimal porosity and biocompatibility should be used for manufacturing BMIFVs.