bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah di Daerah Terpencil (Studi Kasus di SD Negeri 209/III Masgo Jaya)
Authors: Putri Afrilia Melani , Samin Samin , Zebua Ali Marzuki 
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah; (2) hambatan yang dihadapi oleh kepala sekolah dalam kepemimpinannya; (3) upaya yang dilakukan kepala sekolah dalam menyelesaikan hambatan dalam kepemimpinannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN 209/III Masgo Jaya Kecamatan Gunung Raya. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara data yang terkumpul akan dianalisis, adapun proses pengumpulan data, penulis menggunakan beberapa metode yaitu motode observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara guna melengkapi data penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, terdapat dua gaya kepemimpinan yang diterapkan oleh kepala sekolah yaitu gaya kepemimpinan demokratis dan gaya kepemimpinan situasional. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari kepala sekolah yang melibatkan bawahan dalam pengambilan keputusan, kepemimpinan yang berpusat dari kontribusi bawahan, pemimpin juga meminta saran dan pendapat kepada bawahan, pemimpin yang sangat percaya kepada bawahan dalam pengambilan keputusan, serta pemimpin yang mempunyai kemampuan berkomunikasi dua arah. Dengan begitu diharapkan kepala sekolah dapat memimpin sekolah dengan lebih baik lagi. Dengan begitu diharapkan bagi kepala sekolah untuk menjaga hubungan komunikasi yang baik dengan warga sekolah terutama guru sebab guru sangat berperan penting dalam proses belajar mengajar di sekolah.
Implementasi Manajemen Risiko dalam Meningkatkan Efektivitas Pembelajaran di SMA Al-Ihsan Cimencrang
Authors: F Bintang William , Hidayat Wahyu 
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi konsep dan implementasi manajemen risiko dalam konteks pendidikan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran siswa di SMA Al-Ihsan IBS Cimencrang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Al-Ihsan Cimencrang Kota Bandung Provinsi Jawa Barat. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode penelitian kualitatif pendekatan deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi manajemen risiko di SMA Al-Ihsan Cimencrang dapat membantu menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang lebih aman dan produktif. Hal itu ditandai dengan lebih kondusif nya penggunaan sarana dan prasana sekolah dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, terorganisirnya para siswa dalam proses pembelajaran dan meningkatkan efektivitas para guru dalam melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran. Dengan mengidentifikasi risiko yang mungkin terjadi dalam proses belajar, sekolah dapat merencanakan tindakan mitigasi yang tepat dan mengembangkan keterampilan adaptasi yang diperlukan untuk siswa dapat mengoptimalkan potensi mereka, mengatasi tantangan dalam belajar, dan mencapai hasil belajar yang lebih baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan implementasi manajemen risiko di SMA Al-Ihsan IBS Cimincrang dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran sudah berjalan dengan optimal dibuktikan dengan adanya strategi yang diterapkan sehingga hasil pembelajaran siswa lebih memuaskan dengan adanya kegiatan pembelajaran yang efektif. Namun, kegiatan pengelolaan manajemen risiko di SMA Al-Ihsan Cimencrang ini belum menyeluruh dalam pelaksanaan nya, karena hanya Kepala Sekolah dan beberapa bagian yang terlibat dalam kegiatan pengelolaan manajemen risiko ini. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan wawasan tentang pentingnya integrasi dan implementasi manajemen risiko dalam strategi pendidikan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas belajar siswa di sebuah lembaga pendidikan.
Perlunya Penguatan Peran dan Fungsi Komisi Yudisial dalam Membangun Peradilan yang Bersih dan Berwibawa.
Authors: Mahayoni Mahayoni 
Published: June 2024

<p><em>Law enforcement in Indonesia is still far from the expectations of all parties. The capture of the law enforcement agencies such as lawyers, prosecutors, judges, by the Corruption Eradication Commission or KPK is a fact which shows the weakness of the legal system in Indonesia that has not touched the sense of justice. This can also be an iceberg. That is indeed a violation or crime committed by law enforcement actually be much more that has not been revealed. But the efforts of various parties such as NGOs NGOs that fight for justice laws that could answer the sense of justice in society should be appreciated.</em></p><p><em>Justice in the field of law is not come by itself but must be fought by all parties. The establishment of institutions that provide surveillance from the Police Commission, the Prosecutorial Commission and the Judicial Commission is something that should be appreciated. However, people are still waiting for this role to the maximum watchdog agency. The fact shows the role of supervisory institutions is only to observe, provide feedback, report to the media and has not appeared any decisive action monitoring results of the independent supervisory commission. </em></p><p><em>This situation is more worrying seizure or tug their authority on the independent commission commission. In this study, the authors highlight the tug of the role of the Judicial Commission in charge of Justice. Candidate recruitment problems and forth between the judges into the judicial authority or the Judicial Commission. The authority was invited there any laws regarding the recruitment of judges sued by Indonesian Judge Association. This means that if the prospective judges are not recruited correctly from the beginning and just rely on the connection, kinship likely to judge who are the guardians of justice last very likely filled by people who have no competence. If this situation is allowed then people's expectations so that the law can touch the sense of justice for the community is still far and should be pursued. </em></p>
Investigating the Impact of Information Distortions on the Resilience of Land-sea Transport Chains Under Business-environment Instability Conditions
Authors: Semenov Iouri , Filina-Dawidowicz Ludmiła , Durczak Wojciech 
Published: June 2024

Possessing reliable information is the basis for making accurate decisions when planning land-sea transport chains. Modern transport chains create increasingly complicated networks, which affect the decisions made when planning these chains. It should be noted, however, that information distortions may arise at individual stages of the transport process within complex transport chains. The article aims to examine the sources of hazards and risks occurring in land-sea transport chains, to determine the information distortion indicators that may be processed by transport and logistics industry enterprises under conditions of business environment instability, as well as to determine the levels of these chains' resilience to possible information distortions. The article presents the selected types of managerial decision errors. An approach to assessing the impact of distorted information on the decision-making process has been proposed. Information distortion indicators processed by transport and logistics industry enterprises in conditions of business-environment instability were also identified. An attempt was made to determine the possible levels of resilience of these chains to the symptoms of business-environment instability. It was found that, depending on the degree of distortion of the information used by the manager, their decision may be erroneous to a varying degree, while the degree of managerial decisions' incorrectness can be assessed by the number of decision-making cycles required to make and implement an effective decision.
Analysis of Association Between Basic and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients with BRAF Mutation
Authors: Akhter Papia , Begum Fatima , Ferdous Jasmin 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) depends on the patient's age, gender, tumor size, histological findings, extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Genetic mutations, particularly BRAF (V600E), contribute to metastatic risk factors. Methodology: This prospective cohort study was carried out at the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS). A total of 63 patients with PTC after thyroidectomy who were referred to NINMAS for RAIA were included in this study. All the necessary information was collected regarding patients (age, sex) and tumors (size, focality, lymph node involvement, extra-thyroid invasion, distant metastases, staging, and grading). Clinical staging of thyroid cancer was classified according to the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification of the AJCC 8th edition, 2018. All of them were tested for the BRAF (V600E) mutation. Any association between aggressive presentation and BRAF-positive PTC patients was observed. Results: A total of 63 patients, male 25 (39.7%) and female 38 (60.3%), were included in this study. Among them, 23 (36.51%) were BRAF (V600E) positive, and 40 (63.49%) were negative. Extrathyroidal extension, lymphovascular invasion, capsular margin involvement, and larger tumor size were significantly associated with the BRAF mutation. No significant association was found with age, histological type, lymph node involvement, multifocality, tumor staging, or grading. Conclusion: The study suggests that patients with a positive BRAF mutation may benefit from more intensive management and frequent follow-up for aggressive presentation and larger tumor size.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 119-123, 2023
Pregnancy Outcome and Health Status of The Offsprings of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients Who Accidentally Conceived within two years of Radioiodine Therapy
Authors: Chowdhury Md Sunny Anam , Mahmud Sujon , Jerin Faria , Akter Yeasmin , Hasan Bahalul , Awal Md Abdul , Sarmin Suraya , Mamun Md Al , Hossain Md Faruk , Tarannum Nazia , Jannat Md Sifat Meftaul 
Published: June 2024

Objectives: To assess the pregnancy outcome and health status of the offspring of women conceived within 2 years of RAI therapy. Study design: A case control study of 27 pregnant women, where evaluation of pregnancies and health status of offspring in further follow-up were done of 17 cases who got pregnant within 2 years of receiving radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer, and the control group consisted of 10 healthy pregnant women of the same age group without any thyroid disorder. Results: Among 17 cases, 8 (47.0%) were conceived within one year of the administration of I-131. One (5.9%) of 17 patients had hypertensive crisis (pre-eclampsia), and two (11.7%) showed preterm labor, which was not significant and not dependent on the therapeutic dose of 131-I or time interval. The mean birth weight (2972.4 ± 376.7 gm) and birth length (46.1±2.6 cm) of children in the study cases were significantly lower compared to children in the control group (3230 ± 179.5 gm; 49.2 ± 1.1 cm). No congenital anomaly, abnormal thyroid hormone level, or sonographically detectable thyroid gland abnormality were found. The normal neuropsychomotor development of their children and good school performances were assured. There was no case of miscarriage, stillbirth, or neonatal death. All the children are healthy now. Conclusion: Although the study showed that radioiodine therapy has no significant effect on pregnancy outcomes or the health status of offspring, precautions should be taken to avoid risky pregnancies, and patients should be encouraged to conceive after an adequate time interval after therapy.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 140-145, 2023
Low Parathormone Level After Total Thyroidectomy- Observation of Patient Traits at A Single Institute
Authors: Mou Tuba Ul Zannat , Das Jharna , Hossain Md Nazmul , Uddin S M Nazim , Pervin Ashima , Mazid Md Abdul , Riffat Mehnaz , Muttakin Md Shahriar 
Published: June 2024

Objective: Surgical debulking of thyroid and neck lymph nodes is the mainstay of differentiated thyroid cancer treatment, during which parathyroid glands are at risk of either removal or vascular insufficiency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and categorize the total thyroidectomy patients with low parathormone (PTH) levels who were referred for radio-iodine ablation therapy. Patients and Methods: Two hundred seventeen differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with or without modified neck dissection between February 2020 and December 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. This was a simple observational study. Post-operative levels of serum PTH and calcium were documented, and statistical analysis was performed. Results: Among 217 patients, post-operative low PTH levels were observed in 51.2% and low serum calcium in 27.6% of total patients. Moreover, 50.7% of total thyroidectomy patients and 52.1% of total thyroidectomy patients with modified neck dissection developed low parathyroid hormone levels. The age group most affected by low PTH levels was 25.34 years old. Furthermore, low serum calcium levels were found in 55% of patients who had a low PTH level. Conclusion: In this study, the 25.34-year-old age group was more likely to develop a post-operatively low PTH level with female sex predilection.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 146-150, 2023
Post Ablative Hypothyroidism in Hyperthyroid Patients: Single Institute Based Observational Study
Authors: Yasmin Farida , Naznin Afroza , Sharmin Samira , Rahman Hosne Ara 
Published: June 2024

Objective: To determine the incidence of hypothyroidism after radioactive iodine (131I) ablation of hyperthyroid patients attending the thyroid division of Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Mitford. Method: This retrospective observational study was conducted among hyperthyroid patients of INMAS, Mitford, who received radioiodine therapy between the period of 2019 to 2023. A total of 63 subjects of both sexes were included in this study. Patients who received a second dose of radioiodine as therapy and lost to follow-up were excluded. Patient data were collected from the medical records. Result: The incidence of post-ablative hypothyroidism within six months was 55.45%. Among them, 1.59% became hypothyroid at one month, and 26.98% became hypothyroid at three and six months respectively. Conclusion: This study showed a high incidence of hypothyroidism within six months of radio-iodine therapy (RAI therapy).
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 151-154, 2023
Association of Thyroid Antibodies with Occurrence of Hypothyroidism after Radio-iodine Therapy in Patients with Graves' Disease Attending a Tertiary Level Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Chaudhary Amardeep , Jabin Zeenat , Selim Shahjada , Naznin Afroza , Hasan Mizanul 
Published: June 2024

Background: Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoantibody-mediated autoimmune disease caused by direct stimulation of the thyroid epithelial cells. Thyrotropin Receptor Antibody and Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody are among the best-characterized autoantibodies for this pathology. Among different treatment modalities, radioiodine therapy (RAIT) is a proven safe and highly cost-effective therapeutic option, with the frequent side effect of developing hypothyroidism. Serum concentrations of various autoantibodies before and after RAIT may be used to predict the early or late onset of hypothyroidism. Objective: To measure and statistically analyze the thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) in a group of hyperthyroid patients who did or did not develop early hypothyroidism after RAIT. Patients and methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted at the thyroid division of the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, between March 2020 and June 2021. The study population was selected from diagnosed adult Graves. disease patients. A detailed history was taken, and a clinical examination was done for each patient. High-resolution ultrasound of the neck, thyroid scan, radioactive iodine uptake test, FT3, FT4, TSH, TPOAb, and TRAb were done one month before RAIT. After that, all patients were treated with a modified fixed dose of radioiodine (131I) orally. Post-therapy follow-ups were done at the 3rd, 6th, and 9th months after therapy, during which serum FT3, FT4, TSH, TPOAb, and TRAb were estimated. Result: Out of 60 enrolled patients, 54 completed their scheduled visits. They were divided into two groups based on the early (within three months) or late (after three months) occurrence of hypothyroidism after therapy. There was no significant difference observed between the two groups regarding gender, age, duration of disease, or 131I dose. No significant difference was noted between the pre-therapy serum FT3, FT4, and TSH levels of group A and B patients. At the third month, all three parameters were significantly different between the groups. But at 6 months, a significant statistical difference was observed between the groups regarding serum FT3 and TSH but not FT4. The TPOAb was found to be significantly higher in group A before therapy and in each follow-up. However, TRAb was significantly higher in group A only at the 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: Higher levels of serum TRAb and TPOAb in patients with Graves. disease at diagnosis are closely associated with the occurrence of early hypothyroidism.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 167-171, 2023
Dosimetric Verification of Computed Tomography (CT) Systems Using CTDI Phantom
Authors: Akter Shirin , Khatun Rajada , Kabir S M Enamul , Monika Ashrafun Nahar , Uddin Md Fakhar , Rahman Md Mahfuzur , Ahasan Mohammad Monjur 
Published: June 2024

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is a medical imaging modality that contributes widely over the world for the diagnosis of disease and for treatment planning in the radiotherapy department. The purpose of the study is to measure the accuracy of dose of CT System for quality treatment. Materials and Methods: The study was executed in a 16 slice SOMATOM Emotion CT Scanner of Delta Hospital Ltd. with Tube voltage 130 KV and Tube current 25 mA using Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI) phantom (CIRS) of MPD, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka. IBA pencil ionization chamber was used to measure the dose at different positions inside the CTDI phantom and data were collected using IBA MagicMax Universal software. The CT radiation doses were estimated using formalisms in the AAPM Report 96 and 111. Results: For the Adult Body Phantom Console displayed dose was 16.03 mGy and estimated dose was found as16.40 mGy. For the Adult Head Phantom, console displayed dose was 32.40 mGy and estimated dose was found as 34.60 mGy. Between the estimated and console displayed doses for Adult Body Phantom and Adult Head Phantom a deviation was realized of 2.3% and 6.8% respectively. Conclusion: Hence CTDI of the above mentioned machine comply with reference value within a tolerance of ± 20 % according to Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 172-176, 2023
Pattern of 99m Tc-DTPA Renogram Findings in Pediatric patients attending INMAS, Rajshahi
Authors: Alam Shibli Nishad , Ahsan Mostofa Shamim , Begum Nasrin , Ahmed Parvez , Ahmed Tasnim , Chowdhury Md Shariful Islam 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Nuclear medicine imaging techniques, specifically the DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetate) renogram, play a vital role in diagnosis and management in pediatric nephrology. Due to the availability of prenatal ultrasonography, prenatal diagnosis of fetal renal disorders is increasing in frequency. Consequently, the number of patients undergoing DTPA renograms is increasing gradually. Objectives: This study was done to evaluate the role of DTPA renograms in the assessment of renal function in the pediatric age group and investigate the pattern of renogram findings in the under-5-year-old pediatric age group. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was done on 138 patients below 5 years age consisting of 102 boys and 36 girls. They were referred to Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Rajshahi for DTPA renogram from January 2023 to June 2023. To ensure proper image acquisition all the patients were administered ketamine with prior preparations. Average administered dose of 99mTc-pertechnetate-labeled DTPA in boys was 2.51 mCi, and in girls it was 2.36 mCi. Images were acquired with a Siemens (Symbia Intevo Bold) dual-headed gamma camera. The total time required for image acquisition was about 30 minutes for each patient. After image acquisition, ROI was drawn, and the calculation of GFR, split functions, and other parameters were calculated. Result: The study showed unilateral hydronephrosis in 59.42% of patients, bilateral hydronephrosis in 33.33% of patients, and no hydronephrosis in 7.24% of patients. 22.46% of patients were diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound. Total GFR was found to be reduced in 13.04% of patients, and split function was found to be reduced in 40.58% of patients. However, the majority (68.12%) of the patients showed no feature of nephropathy, 27.54% were diagnosed with unilateral nephropathy, and 4.35% had bilateral nephropathy. A minority (4.35%) of the patients had unilateral renal agenesis. Renogram findings were partially incompatible with ultrasound findings in 28 (20.29%) patients. Conclusion: DTPA renogram can play a very important role in assessing renal function in patients with renal pathologies for diagnosis and management. Despite several drawbacks, including radiation and a longer time for image acquisition, its use is increasing every day because of its affordability and feasibility.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 184-187, 2023