bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'énergie, facteur d'intégration et de désintégration en Europe : Bilan du quart de siècle depuis la chute du mur de Berlin
Authors: Nies Susanne 
Published: January 2015

Les relations énergétiques entre pays peuvent autant stabiliser que déstabiliser et l’Europe est un laboratoire formidable pour le démontrer. La présente contribution revient sur un quart de siècle de tergiversations énergétiques en Europe. Bien que le point de départ soit la chute du mur de Berlin, et que la relation Est-Ouest dans ce nouveau contexte apparaîtra comme l’élément central, l’auteur analyse également les relations énergétiques et leur évolution en Union européenne. Son analyse est basée sur trois dimensions déterminantes pour la relation énergétique : les liens physiques gaziers et électriques ; la régulation comme facteur d’intégration, de désintégration et de désorientation ; ainsi que les choix politiques et visions des uns et des autres, et qui peuvent être compatibles ou incompatibles. Elle démontre qu’au début le lien gazier, vecteur de confiance sans faille depuis les années 1970, ne l’est plus en 2014. Elle présente par la suite le lien électrique, et développe le mouvement géopolitique Est-Ouest des nouveaux États membres de l’UE. Ce mouvement a fait émerger un groupe de pays « entre deux mondes » qui ont cherché en vain une identité positive comme pont entre deux mondes. La situation actuelle en Ukraine de l’Est semble leur montrer que seule une appartenance claire peut leur fournir la sécurité et la prospérité auxquelles ils aspirent. La transition énergétique européenne enfin a émergé comme nouvelle pierre angulaire des relations énergétiques. L’adhésion à cette transition énergétique ou son rejet marquera sans aucun doute les années à venir. Dans sa conclusion l’auteur formule cinq thèses résumant l’analyse et des recommandations quant à l’avenir des relations énergétiques en Europe.
Du « pays perdu » du Blayais à l'« émirat de Saint-Vulbas » : les territoires de dépendance au nucléaire en France
Authors: Meyer Teva 
Published: January 2015

À l’heure de la transition énergétique, la baisse de la part du nucléaire dans le mix électrique français annoncée par François Hollande après son élection en 2012 soulève une opposition transpartisane tant à l’échelle nationale que locale. En France, les territoires d’implantation des centrales, communes et intercommunalités, se sont enrichis qualitativement et quantitativement sous l’effet conjoint des retombées économiques et des stratégies d’EDF. Peu à peu, ces améliorations ont forgé un lien de dépendance entre les infrastructures et les collectivités. Face à la possibilité d’une disparition de leurs ressources, ces dernières se sont constituées en acteurs du conflit dans un contexte de forte politisation des agents des centrales, comme le montre actuellement le débat autour de l’avenir de Fessenheim. L’existence en France de territoires de dépendance au nucléaire, politiquement actifs, freine le désaménagement du parc électronucléaire que nécessiterait une modification du bouquet énergétique du pays.
Motion discrimination byBombus impatiens(Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Mirwan Hamida B. , Kevan Peter G. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractMobility of flowers in the wind has been proposed to affect the performances of pollinators in landing on flowers, nectar extraction, and pollen dispersal. Our study examined the preferences of workerBombus impatiensCresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae) for landing on and feeding from immobile or mobile artificial flower. Mobile flowers moved at varied frequencies (0.1–3.0 Hz) and in different directions, horizontalH(left to right wave) and verticalV(fromen-facepresentation at the lowest point to horizontal presentation at the zenith). We found that the bees showed no preference for mobile or immobile flowers. In general, we found that landing ability (time spent from the bees entering the testing arena to landing and starting to feed on the artificial flower) decreased as frequency (Hz) or speed of motion (cm/second) increased. Directionality of waving affected performance with the bees being able to forage from horizontally moving flowers better than from vertically moving flowers. Experience played a major role in improving individual performances. We also found that the bees could differentiate between horizontally and vertically waving flowers as well as between frequencies or speeds of motion.
Molecular systematics of the Pardosa groenlandica species complex (Araneae: Lycosidae): large sample sizes fail to find monophyletic species
Authors: Slowik Jozef , Sikes Derek S. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractRelationships within the Pardosa groenlandica species complex (sensu Slowik and Sikes 2013) were analysed to test two competing hypotheses – the species complex consists of either four or seven species. We conducted a partitioned Bayesian analyses of the mitochondrial gene COI and the nuclear genes ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2. These genes provided a dataset composed of 1874 nucleotides each from 144 specimens. Additional analyses included application of the DNA barcoding protocol and a phylogeographic study of a subset of specimens. Analyses found no support for either hypothesis and only one species was found monophyletic in a subset of analyses. Mitochondrial DNA yielded clades discordant with geography. Species in the P. groenlandica species complex show various amounts of genetic support, with a general lack of agreement between genetics and morphology for species boundaries.
Facilitators and Barriers to Using Treadmill Workstations under Real Working Conditions: A Qualitative Study in Female Office Workers
Authors: Cifuentes Manuel , Qin Jin , Fulmer Scott , Bello Anila 
Published: January 2015

Purpose. Characterize barriers and facilitators to use treadmill workstations in real work sites. Design. For 6 months, workers tried a sit-stand-walk treadmill workstation at will with expert ergonomic support. Qualitative data were collected monthly. Setting. Administrative and academic departments at a higher education institution in Massachusetts, United States. Participants. Five female administrative office workers. Method. One monthly group interview and one personal interview per participant during 6 months. Emerging topics from previous interviews were used in successive data gatherings. Transcribed data were manually coded according to the predefined topics of usability, comfort, safety, and productivity. Results. The setup of the work station, communication difficulties while walking (disrespectful, noisy), and peer pressure to maximize use were the main usability barriers. There was no event of falls. Trips were minimized. About comfort, subjects reported it hard to get used to prolonged standing position during the first month. Treadmill speed affected productivity mostly while drawing and working in spreadsheets. Lack of job autonomy was revealed as a generic barrier. Conclusion. In this female group, treadmill workstations had serious design problems for workers with not enough control of their jobs. The early identification and removal of barriers likely needs to be considered when offering these workstations to workers with low job autonomy.
The post-modern scientific thoughts of Thomas Kuhn and Paul Feyerabend: implications for Africa
Authors: Agbo JN 
Published: January 2015

Postmodernism is like a spectre hunting the intellectual world, and there is a sense in which the attitude is, first and foremost, against modern science. This essay is, therefore, an expository analysis of the thoughts of Thomas Kuhn and Paul Feyerabend, as classical representations of the postmodern reaction against modern science. The paper argues that the colossal image of science, as well as the idea of a “unity of sciences” had to be jettisoned by postmodernism in order to make way for the relativism and multiplicity of points of view that are symptomatic of postmodern thinking. The paper concludes with some critical reflections of the thoughts of the two scholars, and notes that postmodernism opened the door for the recognition of African ideas and ideals. The implication is that postmodernism not only vitiates the hold exercised by Western European models of reality but equally gives fresh cultural confidence to other modes of cognition, especially in Africa, that have long been pushed to the periphery.Keywords: Modernity, Postmodernity, Transmodernity, Science, Paradigm, Pluri-versality, Incommensurability.
The culture-oriented bias of African philosophical inquiry
Authors: Oyedola DA 
Published: January 2015

African philosophers with Levy Bruhlian disposition like Appiah, Masolo, and Wiredu posit that African philosophy is culture-biased. Some other African philosophers like Nkrumah, Janz, Hountondji, and Makinde assert that Africa’s precolonial indigenous culture is ahistorical and the dependence of contemporary African philosophy on culture cannot be de-emphasized. However, these views, though opposing, undermine two things; the way African philosophy has chosen to divulge itself and the objectivity that is peculiar to African philosophy. Nevertheless, this study concedes that if by implication, what these views are saying is that African philosophy will have to sink because it is culture-biased; then, this study insists that any other philosophy (e.g., European philosophy) would have to sink. Precisely, there is no difference between any of the philosophies with respect to the fact that the interests of the European philosopher determine what he selects for investigation, just like what an African philosopher chooses to investigate and it is safe to speculate that these interests whether in the West or in Africa are culture-colored.Keywords: African philosophy, European philosophy, Culture, Bias, Inquiry
Ududo reasoning in African thought: a postmodern formalist method for logic
Authors: Chimakonam JO 
Published: January 2015

The dominance of methods of mathematical reasoning such as the axiomatic method in modern logic has taken a toll on the independent development of logic as a separate discipline. However, the emergence of other non-standard systems of logic which could be described as postmodernist shows how a radical break might be necessary in salvaging logic from the grip of mathematics. Our goal in this essay would be to propose and articulate a post modern formalist method called Ududo Reasoning for logic.Keywords: Postmodernism, Logic, Ududo, Reasoning, Method, Formalist
Adult Orbital Xanthogranulomas: Clinical Features and Management
Authors: Kiratli Hayyam , Kiliç Meltem , Tarlan Berçin , Söylemezoğlu Figen 
Published: January 2015

Purpose Adult-onset asthma with periocular xanthogranuloma and adult-onset xanthogranuloma are 2 rare subtypes of non-Langerhans cell histiocytic disorder and much remains unknown regarding optimal treatment. The authors describe their experience in the management of these 2 disease subtypes. Methods This is a retrospective case series with histopathologically proven orbital xanthogranuloma over a period of 12 years. Clinical, imaging, and histopathologic features; associated systemic conditions; treatment modality; and outcome during follow-up of 6 adult patients who had adult-onset asthma with periocular xanthogranuloma and adult-onset xanthogranuloma were reviewed. Results The age range was 29-75 years (median 56 years). The duration of symptoms and signs varied from 10 months to 9 years. All patients had bilateral and asymmetric involvement. Palpebral swelling with yellow discoloration and upper eyelid ptosis were the most common signs. Adult-onset asthma was present in 2 patients. Imaging studies demonstrated ill-defined infiltrative lesions involving the preseptal area, lacrimal glands, extraocular muscles, retrobulbar fat, and optic nerves. The median follow-up was 50 months. Complete regression of all clinical signs was obtained at 8 months, whereas imaging findings disappeared at 18 months with treatment. No recurrence was observed. Conclusions Treatment consisting of debulking as much affected soft tissue as possible followed by a 3-day course of intravenous pulse methylprednisolone administration and then by oral prednisone for at least 6 months may provide adequate regression of the granulomas without recurrence and satisfactory cosmesis in patients with adult orbital xanthogranuloma with and without asthma.
Avoiding the Use of a Femoral Bridging Catheter Using a Two-stage Hemodialysis Reliable Outflow (HeRO) Graft Implantation Technique
Authors: Yoon William J. , Lorelli David R. 
Published: January 2015

Purpose To evaluate a two-stage Hemodialysis Reliable Outflow (HeRO) implantation technique that avoids the use of a femoral bridging catheter versus the conventional one-stage technique requiring a bridging catheter in selected patients. Methods A retrospective review was performed on 20 end-stage renal disease patients with an internal jugular vein (IJV) catheter selected for two-stage HeRO implantation at our institution between January 2010 and March 2013. The arterial graft component (AGC) was implanted without anastomosing it to the target artery (first stage). After AGC incorporation, the venous outflow component was inserted (second stage). The preexisting IJV catheter was maintained for hemodialysis access during the interstage period. Patient characteristics, patency using Kaplan-Meier method and infection rates were analyzed. Results A total of 17 patients with a mean age of 59 years (70.6% women) completed the two-stage procedure. During the interstage period (mean 12 weeks, range 4-22 weeks), no graft- or surgery-related infection occurred. The need of a femoral bridging catheter was avoided by utilizing the preexisting IJV dialysis catheter. The accumulated HeRO days were 3,916 days with a mean follow-up of 7.7 months (range 1-22.6 months). The HeRO-related infection rate was 0.3/1,000 days. The primary assisted and secondary patency rates at 6 months were 69% and 82%, respectively, which were similar to those of arteriovenous grafts. Staging conferred immediate vascular accessibility. Conclusions Avoiding the use of a femoral bridging catheter using the two-stage technique may lower infection rate, with comparable primary assisted and secondary patency to arteriovenous grafts and added benefit of immediate cannulatability in this subset of patients.
Modified Miller Banding Procedure for Managing High-flow Access and Dialysis-associated Steal Syndrome
Authors: Shintaku Sadanori , Kawanishi Hideki , Moriishi Misaki , Banshodani Masataka , Ago Rika , Tsuchiya Shinichiro 
Published: January 2015

Purpose Both high-flow vascular access (VA) and dialysis-associated steal syndrome are serious complications requiring a flow reduction technique. We adopted the minimally invasive limited ligation endoluminal-assisted revision (MILLER) banding procedure with some modifications to control the high blood flow and steal syndrome during VA procedures and retrospectively assessed the outcome. Methods Seven patients with high-flow access (access flow >1400 ml/min) and five patients with steal syndrome (with pain, coldness, or cyanosis) were treated using the MILLER banding method. Flow volume of the brachial artery was monitored using Doppler ultrasonography during the banding procedure. In patients with steal syndrome, the finger probe of a pulse oximeter was attached to a finger on the ipsilateral side, and the peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) was monitored. Results In the high-flow group, the mean access blood flow (Qa) decreased from 2043 ± 463 ml/min (mean ± SD) to 1248 ± 388 ml/min (p<0.001). In the steal syndrome group, the SpO2 value improved in all steal syndrome patients after banding. Symptoms were almost relieved in two steal syndrome patients. The Qa in the steal group decreased from 997 ± 867 to 548 ± 376 ml/min (p = 0.12). The secondary patency rates of the high-flow and steal groups at 6 months were 83.3% and 50%, respectively. Conclusions The MILLER banding procedure with intraoperative access flow monitoring is effective to treat high-flow VA and steal syndrome.
¡Arrasar la Vendée! Guerra Civil y Columnas Infernales en pleno corazón de la Revolución Francesa.
Authors: Cutillas Victoria Benjamín 
Published: January 2015

En medio de la Revolución Francesa, cuando la Libertad y los Derechos del Hombre fueron proclamados por primera vez en la historia, una parte de Francia decidió dar la espalda a este nuevo sistema político y moral con el deseo de continuar la forma de vida tradicional, en la que la autoridad real y la religión católica eran los credos del pueblo. El movimiento de sublevación frente al proceso revolucionario tuvo lugar principalmente al oeste del país, originando diversos conflictos internos que adquirieron especial relevancia en la región de la Vendée, donde se vivió una auténtica guerra civil en la que la República aplicó una política de guerra total a través de las conocidas Columnas Infernales que no conseguiría poner fin al problema. La contienda finalizaría tres años después con un proceso de pacificación de la región rebelde y unas consecuencias terribles para todos.
In the middle of the French Revolution, when the Liberty and the Rights of Man were proclaimed, a part of France decided to turn away from this new political and moral system with the aim of returning to their recent past when the Royal Authority and the Catholic Religion were the creed of the people. This against the revolutionary process took place in the west of the country, causing many internal conflicts that acquired special relevance in the Vendée region, where a true civil war exploded and the French Republic enforced a policy of total war unleashing the so-called Infernal Columns, although they didn’t put an end to the problem. The strife would end three years after with a peace process in the rebel region and terrible consequences for all.
Voronoi diagrams, quasi-triangulations, and beta-complexes for disks in R2: the theory and implementation in BetaConcept
Authors: Kim Jae-Kwan , Cho Youngsong , Kim Donguk , Kim Deok-Soo 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Voronoi diagrams are powerful for solving spatial problems among particles and have been used in many disciplines of science and engineering. In particular, the Voronoi diagram of three-dimensional spheres, also called the additively-weighted Voronoi diagram, has proven its powerful capabilities for solving the spatial reasoning problems for the arrangement of atoms in both molecular biology and material sciences. In order to solve application problems, the dual structure, called the quasi-triangulation, and its derivative structure, called the beta-complex, are frequently used with the Voronoi diagram itself. However, the Voronoi diagram, the quasi-triangulation, and the beta-complexes are sometimes regarded as somewhat difficult for ordinary users to understand. This paper presents the twodimensional counterparts of their definitions and introduce the BetaConcept program which implements the theory so that users can easily learn the powerful concept and capabilities of these constructs in a plane. The BetaConcept program was implemented in the standard C++ language with MFC and OpenGL and freely available at Voronoi Diagram Research Center (http://voronoi.hanyang.ac.kr).
A multi-user selective undo/redo approach for collaborative CAD systems
Authors: Cheng Yuan , He Fazhi , Xu Bin , Han Soonhung , Cai Xiantao , Chen Yilin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe engineering design process is a creative process, and the designers must repeatedly apply Undo/Redo operations to modify CAD models to explore new solutions. Undo/Redo has become one of most important functions in interactive graphics and CAD systems. Undo/Redo in a collaborative CAD system is also very helpful for collaborative awareness among a group of cooperative designers to eliminate misunderstanding and to recover from design error. However, Undo/Redo in a collaborative CAD system is much more complicated. This is because a single erroneous operation is propagated to other remote sites, and operations are interleaved at different sites. This paper presents a multi-user selective Undo/Redo approach in full distributed collaborative CAD systems. We use site ID and State Vectors to locate the Undo/Redo target at each site. By analyzing the composition of the complex CAD model, a tree-like structure called Feature Combination Hierarchy is presented to describe the decomposition of a CAD model. Based on this structure, the dependency relationship among features is clarified. B-Rep re-evaluation is simplified with the assistance of the Feature Combination Hierarchy. It can be proven that the proposed Undo/Redo approach satisfies the intention preservation and consistency maintenance correctness criteria for collaborative systems.
An alternative method for smartphone input using AR markers
Authors: Kang Yuna , Han Soonhung 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
As smartphones came into wide use recently, it has become increasingly popular not only among young people, but among middle-aged people as well. Most smartphones adopt capacitive full touch screen, so touch commands are made by fingers unlike the PDAs in the past that use touch pens. In this case, a significant portion of the smartphone's screen is blocked by the finger so it is impossible to see the screens around the finger touching the screen; this causes difficulties in making precise inputs. To solve this problem, this research proposes a method of using simple AR markers to improve the interface of smartphones. A marker is placed in front of the smartphone camera. Then, the camera image of the marker is analyzed to determine the position of the marker as the position of the mouse cursor. This method can enable click, double-click, drag-and-drop used in PCs as well as touch, slide, long-touch-input in smartphones. Through this research, smartphone inputs can be made more precise and simple, and show the possibility of the application of a new concept of smartphone interface.
Survey on the virtual commissioning of manufacturing systems
Authors: Lee Chi G. , Park Sang C. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThis paper reviews and identifies issues in the application of virtual commissioning technology for automated manufacturing systems. While the real commissioning of a manufacturing system involves a real plant system and a real controller, the virtual commissioning deals with a virtual plant model and a real controller. The expected benefits of virtual commissioning are the reduction of debugging and correction efforts during the subsequent real commissioning stage. However, it requires a virtual plant model and hence still requires significant amount time and efforts. Two main issues are identified, the physical model construction of a virtual device, and the logical model construction of a virtual device. This paper reviews the current literature related to the two issues and proposes future research directions to achieve the full utilization of virtual commissioning technology.
Design of controller for mobile robot in welding process of shipbuilding engineering
Authors: Ku Namkug , Ha Sol , Roh Myung-Il 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
The present study describes the development of control hardware and software for a mobile welding robot. This robot is able to move and perform welding tasks in a double hull structure. The control hardware consists of a main controller and a welding machine controller. Control software consists of four layers. Each layer consists of modules. Suitable combinations of modules enable the control software to perform the required tasks. Control software is developed using C programming under QNX operating system. For the modularizing architecture of control software, we designed control software with four layers: Task Manager, Task Planner, Actions for Task, and Task Executer. The embedded controller and control software was applied to the mobile welding robot for successful execution of the required tasks. For evaluate this imbedded controller and control software, the field tests are conducted, it is confirmed that the developed imbedded controller of mobile welding robot for shipyard is well designed and implemented.