bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of inlet-to-outlet width ratio of type-A piano key weir using fuzzy neural network (FNN)
Authors: Bansal Nipun , Bhardwaj Keshav , Singh Deepak , Kumar Munendra 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

A Piano Key Weir (PKW) is a nonlinear (labyrinth-type) weir with a small spillway footprint and a large discharge carrying capacity. It (PKW) enables water bodies to continue functioning at elevated supply levels while causing no damage to dam structures, resulting in increased storage. PKW's geometrical structure is extremely complex, and geometrical aspects have a significant impact on its efficiency and on energy dissipation. Among them relative width ratio (Wi/Wo) (i.e., inlet to outlet key width ratio) is a critical parameter that affects the PKW's discharge efficiency, and energy dissipation across the weir significantly. This study predicts the PKW's inlet to the outlet key ratio and understands the resulting hydraulic behaviours based on a Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN). The dataset used in this study was collected experimentally, which adds to the study's authenticity because it is not a conventional dataset. The model's performance is evaluated by the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE); both values are 0.0305 and 0.0222, respectively. According to the dataset, these scores tell the model's reliability as it is in the ideal range. The FNN approach can be applied in a variety of fields to predict or solve different problems erent problems.
Projected change in the rainfall behaviour over Odisha
Authors: Maharana P. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Climate change has impacted the rainfall characteristics and the extremes are on the rise across the world. These changes threaten agriculture, water resources, and disaster management. Odisha, an eastern Indian state with an agrarian economy, heavily relies on monsoon rainfall. The study analyses the projected change in the rainfall characteristics across Odisha at different specific warming targets of the Paris Climate Agreement using high-resolution regional climate models. The study adopts a bi-fold approach; first, it employs a robust method to select the best model experiments; afterwards, the model ensemble is used to examine the projected rainfall characteristics. The results indicate a 4–16% increase in projected rainfall over Odisha, with an extended rainy season. The projected number of consecutive wet days, moderate and extreme rainfall, is expected to rise under the global warming scenario. The prolonged rainy season with heavy rainfall can result in disasters like post-monsoon floods, while higher rainfall variability will increase the risk of floods and droughts across Odisha, threatening agriculture. The results will help pinpoint regions most vulnerable to climate change. The study also suggested measures to assist governments and planners in developing short-term and long-term strategies for adaptation and mitigation to lessen climate change impacts.
ITGB3 is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates with Aberrant Methylation and Tumor Immunity in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Luo Hao-Yun , Feng Jun-Ming , Luo Jun , Tian Tian 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Current evidence highlights clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) as the
most prevalent form of kidney cancer despite ongoing challenges in treating advanced-stage disease.
Integrin subunit beta 3 (ITGB3) has recently emerged as a critical player in tumorigenesis,
prompting our investigation into its role in ccRCC. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms
responsible for ITGB3 downregulation and evaluate its clinical significance, particularly
regarding its impact on the immune landscape within ccRCC.

Methods:
We first conducted analyses utilizing data from both TCGA and GEO datasets to explore
ITGB3 expression in ccRCC tissues. Subsequently, we evaluated the association between
ITGB3 expression levels and patient prognosis and pathological staging. Pathway and functional
enrichment analyses were performed to assess correlations between ITGB3 and immune and
methylation-related pathways. Additionally, we examined the relationship between ITGB3 transcriptional
expression and DNA hypermethylation. A prognostic risk model was developed using
LASSO-based analysis on selected ITGB3-associated DNA methylation probes. Immunohistochemistry
(IHC) analysis, alongside TIMER and ssGSEA results, was utilized to investigate
ITGB3 expression and its association with immune cell infiltration.

Results:
Our analyses revealed significant downregulation of ITGB3 mRNA expression in
ccRCC tissues compared to other members of the ITGB family, consistent across TCGA and
GEO datasets. Higher ITGB3 expression correlated with improved prognosis and lower pathological
stage in ccRCC patients. Pathway and functional enrichment analyses demonstrated positive
correlations between ITGB3 and immune and methylation-related pathways, while ITGB3
transcriptional expression showed a negative correlation with DNA hypermethylation. The established
prognostic risk model identified a high-risk group with poorer survival probabilities than
the low-risk group. Immunohistochemical quantification revealed a positive correlation between
CD4+ and CD8+ immune cell infiltration and ITGB3 expression.

Conclusion:
Overall, our study provides compelling evidence supporting the significant role of
ITGB3 in ccRCC immunity. The downregulation of ITGB3, coupled with its association with
better prognosis and immune activation, suggests its potential as a therapeutic target and prognostic
marker for this patient population.
1H-1,2,3-triazol-1,4-naphthoquinone Derivatives: Novel Inhibitors Targeting Pyocyanin Biosynthesis for P. Aeruginosa Infection Treatment Advances
Authors: Costa Dora C.S. , Froes Thamires Q. , Mendes Marina S. , da S.M. Forezi Luana , Ferreira Vitor F. , Castilho Marcelo S. , de C. da Silva Fernando 
Published: August 2024

Background:
This study investigates the potential of eleven 1H-1,2,3-triazol-1,4-naphthoquinone
conjugates as virulence factor inhibitors (like Pyocyanin) and their affinity for PhzM,
a crucial enzyme for Pyocyanin biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.

Methods:
A straightforward synthetic pathway enabled the production of these compounds, which
were characterized and structurally confirmed through spectroscopic analyses. Evaluation of their
impact on PhzM thermal stability identified promising candidates for PhzM binders.

Results:
Concentration-response behavior elucidated their binding affinity, revealing them as the
first reported micromolar affinity ligands for PhzM. Structure-activity relationship analysis emphasized
the role of specific molecular moieties in binding affinity modulation, paving the way for future
advanced inhibitors’ development.

Conclusion:
These findings highlight the potential of naphthoquinone-triazole derivatives as leads
for novel therapeutics against P. aeruginosa infections.
Exploring New Potential Pkcθ Inhibitors Using Pharmacophore Modeling, Molecular Docking Analysis, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Yao Yao , Pang Wen-Wei , Hu An-Zheng , Chen Hai-Yan , Qi Zhong-Quan 
Published: August 2024

Background:
It has been reported that PKCθ plays an important role in the immune response
by regulating the cellular activity of T cells and, thus, the production of immune factors such
as IL-2.PKCθ protein is mainly expressed in T lymphocytes but not much in other cells and has a
very good specificity. Therefore, it is very meaningful to use PKCθ protein as a novel target for immunosuppression.
PKCθ is a valuable target that can be used to develop meaningful novel selective
immunosuppressive agents.

Methods:
In this study, we constructed a 3-characteristic pharmacophore（RHA）and used it to
perform a virtual screening of the database. Then, we performed a molecular docking analysis of the
compounds that scored high. The top five compounds with molecular docking scores were used as
lead compounds, and structure-based ligand design via fragment substitution was applied to them,
resulting in 20077 new compounds. We performed molecular docking analysis, binding free energy
calculations, molecular dynamics simulation, and ADMET prediction on these new compounds and
finally identified two compounds as new PKCθ inhibitors.

Results and Discussions:
Through the screening of pharmacophore, molecular design based on fragment
substitution, molecular docking, we finally obtained two small molecules with higher scores
than the positive control, in which the molecular docking score of P01 was -53.88 kcal/mol, and the
molecular docking score of P02 was -51.20 kcal/mol, and then we performed the molecular dynamics
simulation, free energy of binding calculations, and the prediction of ADMET properties for the
compounds. The results showed that the ligands could form more stable complexes with the proteins,
the binding free energy calculations of the ligand molecules were better than the positive control, all
of them had good ADMET properties, and the compounds all had good drug similarity.

Conclusion:
Our results provided 2 new ligands that could serve as lead compounds for new PKCθ
inhibitors in the future.
The Impact of Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Training (LV-HIIT) on Fatty Liver Index (FLI) and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)
Authors: Raesi Rasoul , Kalbasi Saeid , Gaeini Abbas Ali , Haji Ghasem Kashani Maryam , Tajik Khadijeh 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Prevention and reduction of liver fat accumulation and maintenance of
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) have been proposed as important therapeutic goals in patients
with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Aim:
This study aimed to determine the effect of Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Training
(LV-HIIT) on fatty liver index (FLI) and GFR estimation in patients with T2DM.

Methods:
This randomized controlled trial included 80 patients with T2DM and a sedentary lifestyle,
randomly divided into HIIT (n=40) and a control group (n=40). Patients with a history of
T2DM for at least one year and HbA1C levels between 6.4% and 10% were selected. The intervention
group underwent a 4-week LV-HIIT course, comprising 3 sessions per week, while the
control group did not receive any intervention. FLI, eGFR, anthropometric measurements, and
laboratory variables were assessed in all participants before and after the intervention.

Results:
FLI (62.0 at baseline, 53.0 at follow-up) significantly decreased in the LV-HIIT group
after the intervention, while eGFR (71.0 at baseline, 73.6 at follow-up) significantly increased
(P<0.001). However, the control group showed a significant reduction only in Fasting Blood
Sugar (FBS) (P<0.05). After the intervention, the LV-HIIT group had significantly lower FBS
(129.0 at baseline, 121.0 at follow-up), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) (24.0 at baseline, 18.0
at follow-up), and Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) (22.0 at baseline, 19.0 at follow-up), as
well as higher eGFR, compared to the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
LV-HIIT exercise appears to be a promising and effective training method for improving
FLI and eGFR in patients diagnosed with T2DM.
Green Analysis by Eco-scale Assessment for Quality Control of Azithromycin Tablets
Authors: Sinzervinch Aline , Kogawa Ana Carolina 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Azithromycin (AZT), an antimicrobial, despite having a monograph in official
compendiums and some methods available in the literature, there is still a demand for eco-efficient
methods, which include green analytical chemistry.

Objective:
This study aimed to develop and validate a green spectrophotometric method for quantifying
AZT tablets.

Methods:
Purified water and ethanol (90:10, v/v) and sulfuric acid 20% as a diluent and reagent, respectively,
quartz cubette and 482 nm were used. The Eco-Scale Assessment (ESA) tool was used
to evaluate the greenness of the proposed analytical method.

Results:
The proposed method was linear (20-70 μg mL-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9984),
precise (RSD < 5%), selective by sample adjuvants, exact (100.46%), and robust against changes
in acid proportion and wavelength. The ESA calculation was 85 points.

Conclusion:
The proposed method can be classified as an excellent green alternative to quantify
AZT in tablets, in accordance with ESA.
A Review on In-vivo and In-vitro Models of Obesity and Obesity-Associated Co-Morbidities
Authors: Nath Digbijoy , Barbhuiya Pervej Alom , Sen Saikat , Pathak Manash Pratim 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Obesity is becoming a global pandemic with pandemic proportions. According
to the WHO estimates, there were over 1.9 billion overweight individuals and over 650
million obese adults in the globe in 2016. In recent years, scientists have encountered difficulties
in choosing acceptable animal models, leading to a multitude of contradicting aspects and incorrect
outcomes. This review comprehensively evaluates different screening models of obesity and
obesity-associated comorbidities to reveal the advantages and disadvantages/limitations of each
model while also mentioning the time duration each model requires to induce obesity.

Methods:
For this review, the authors have gone through a vast number of article sources from different
scientific databases, such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, Medline, and PubMed.

Results:
In-vivo models used to represent a variety of obesity-inducing processes, such as diet-induced,
drug-induced, surgical, chemical, stress-induced, and genetic models, are discussed. Animal
cell models are examined with an emphasis on their use in understanding the molecular causes
of obesity, for which we discussed in depth the important cell lines, including 3T3-L1, OP9,
3T3-F442A, and C3H10T1/2. Screening models of obesity-associated co-morbidities like diabetes,
asthma, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) were
discussed, which provided light on the complex interactions between obesity and numerous health
problems.

Conclusion:
Mimicking obesity in an animal model reflects multifactorial aspects is a matter of
challenge. Future studies could address the ethical issues surrounding the use of animals in obesity
research as well as investigate newly developed models, such as non-mammalian models. In conclusion,
improving our knowledge and management of obesity and related health problems will require
ongoing assessment and improvement of study models.
A Research of Stirling Cryocooler with Non-metallic Regenerator
Authors: Guo Jiabo , Zhang Ankuo , Yu Wenhui , Xiong Chao 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Due to the recognition and further promotion of green and low-carbon
concepts worldwide, Stirling refrigeration technology has gained people's attention for its significant
advantages, such as high cooling capacity, high efficiency, and strong reliability. In recent
years, related products have gradually entered the field of civilian low-temperature refrigeration.
One of the key research directions is to achieve better refrigeration performance at lower costs.

Purpose:
Through simulative analysis and experimental verification, Free piston Stirling refrigerators
(FPSCs) have better economic and performance advantages using non-metallic materials.

Method:
This paper analyzes an FPSC using Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) material. The main
losses and performance of the regenerator are analyzed about the impact of packing porosity and
regenerator length. The actual performance obtained through experimental verification is compared
with an FPSC with metal packing.

Conclusion:
Experimental verification was conducted, and it was found that FPSC using non-metallic materials with a porosity of 52.4% had better performance. Some details of the patent are shown in the article. The COP of 25w@-76℃ is 0.16, which is close to the performance of the PFSC using 200 mesh wound wire.
Understanding the Values, Qualities, and Preferences of Patients in Their Relationships With Obstetrics and Gynecology Providers: Cross-Sectional Survey With a Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Kennedy Ann Blair , Harb Anna Tarasidis , Schockling Chloe , Ray Lauren Jackson , Palomo Jennifer , Russ-Sellers Rebecca 
Published: August 2024

Background
The patient-provider relationship in obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) is uniquely complex due to the sensitive nature of examinations and topics. Patients often prefer health care providers who share similar racial, ethnic, gender, or linguistic backgrounds, particularly in sensitive health care situations, to improve communication and comfort, though historically, specific gender preferences for OBGYNs have not been evident.

Objective
This study aims to describe the values, qualities, and preferences of patients in their relationships with OBGYN providers.

Methods
This cross-sectional survey, conducted from October 2019 to December 2019, involved 1039 US OBGYN patients and used a mixed methods approach, integrating quantitative responses and qualitative insights from open-ended questions. Recruitment was facilitated through targeted social media campaigns, and the survey aimed to capture detailed patient preferences and barriers to care by assessing responses on provider traits, patient experiences, and demographic factors. The study’s rigorous data collection and analysis were designed to fill gaps identified in previous research on patient-provider relationships in OBGYN care.

Results
The findings underscore the paramount importance of trust and comfort, with listening skills identified as crucial. A notable finding is the marked preference for same-gender providers, observed in 80.7% (545/675) of participants. Primary barriers to seeking care reported included daily commitments, highlighting the need for accessible and flexible care options.

Conclusions
The study highlights a significant shift from previous scientific findings in patient preferences toward gender concordance and trust in OBGYN settings, diverging from previous research. These results emphasize the need for patient-centered care and tailored communication strategies to enhance patient experiences and outcomes. Future research should focus on diverse populations to broaden the findings’ applicability and explore the impact of recent shifts in health care policies.
Determinants of Visual Impairment Among Chinese Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Risk Prediction Model Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Mao Lijun , Yu Zhen , Lin Luotao , Sharma Manoj , Song Hualing , Zhao Hailei , Xu Xianglong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Visual impairment (VI) is a prevalent global health issue, affecting over 2.2 billion people worldwide, with nearly half of the Chinese population aged 60 years and older being affected. Early detection of high-risk VI is essential for preventing irreversible vision loss among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. While machine learning (ML) algorithms exhibit significant predictive advantages, their application in predicting VI risk among the general middle-aged and older adult population in China remains limited.

Objective
This study aimed to predict VI and identify its determinants using ML algorithms.

Methods
We used 19,047 participants from 4 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) that were conducted between 2011 and 2018. To envisage the prevalence of VI, we generated a geographical distribution map. Additionally, we constructed a model using indicators of a self-reported questionnaire, a physical examination, and blood biomarkers as predictors. Multiple ML algorithms, including gradient boosting machine, distributed random forest, the generalized linear model, deep learning, and stacked ensemble, were used for prediction. We plotted receiver operating characteristic and calibration curves to assess the predictive performance. Variable importance analysis was used to identify key predictors.

Results
Among all participants, 33.9% (6449/19,047) had VI. Qinghai, Chongqing, Anhui, and Sichuan showed the highest VI rates, while Beijing and Xinjiang had the lowest. The generalized linear model, gradient boosting machine, and stacked ensemble achieved acceptable area under curve values of 0.706, 0.710, and 0.715, respectively, with the stacked ensemble performing best. Key predictors included hearing impairment, self-expectation of health status, pain, age, hand grip strength, depression, night sleep duration, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and arthritis or rheumatism.

Conclusions
Nearly one-third of middle-aged and older adults in China had VI. The prevalence of VI shows regional variations, but there are no distinct east-west or north-south distribution differences. ML algorithms demonstrate accurate predictive capabilities for VI. The combination of prediction models and variable importance analysis provides valuable insights for the early identification and intervention of VI among Chinese middle-aged and older adults.
Analysing the experience of interaction between school and university in a foreign digital environment
Authors: Шишмолина Е.П. 
Published: August 2024

Автор рассматривает основные подходы к взаимодействию вуза и школы и исследует организацию их сотрудничества в иноязычной образовательной среде, сформированной с помощью цифровых технологий. В статье представлена реализуемая в Петрозаводском государственном университете на базе Ресурсного Центра современных методик обучения иностранным языкам модель взаимодействия, состоящая из трех блоков и нацеленная на формирование цифровой грамотности и коммуникативной компетенции школьников, а также развитие преемственности в обучении между школой и вузом.
The author considers the main approaches to the interaction between university and school and investigates the organization of their cooperation in a foreign-language educational environment formed with the help of digital technologies. The article presents the interaction model implemented at Petrozavodsk State University on the basis of the Resource Centre for Modern Foreign Language Teaching Methods. It consists of three blocks and is aimed at the formation of digital literacy and communicative competence of schoolchildren as well as the development of continuity in foreign language teaching. Keywords: university-school interaction, foreign digital environment, continuity in foreign language teaching
Increasing Plant Growth and Yield of Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Providing Chicken Manure and Hormonics
Authors: Masulili Agusalim , Rahayu Sri , Sutikarini Sutikarini 
Published: August 2024

Tomato cultivation in alluvial land requires treatments to increase productivity. The research aimed to determine the effect of interaction between chicken manure and hormonal fertilizer application on the growth and yield of tomato plants in alluvial soil. This research was conducted at the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Science, and Technology, Panca Bhakti University from April to July 2023. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial pattern was employed. The treatments consisted of 2 factors. The first factor was chicken manure with 3 levels: a1= 20 g/polybag, a2= 40 g/polybag, a3= 60 g/polybag. The second factor was hormonal fertilizer with 3 levels: h1= 2 ml/l, h2= 3 ml/l, h3= 4 ml/l. The results showed that there was no interaction effect between the application of chicken manure and hormonal fertilizer on all observed variables, as well as the application of chicken manure alone. The application of hormonal fertilizer significantly affected all observed variables including plant height, number of branches, number of fruits, and fruit weight. The treatment level h2 (3 ml/l) yielded the highest result in plant height at 113.26 cm. The highest number of branches, number of fruits, and fruit weight were observed at the h3 level (4 ml/l) with values of 3.39 branches, 2.57 fruits, and a fruit weight of 86.10 grams, respectively. The treatment level h1 (2 ml/l) yielded the lowest result. Keywords: Alluvial Soil, Horticultural Commoditie, Organic Fertilizer.