bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking Selective Anticancer Mechanisms: Dinuclear Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Mimetics Combined with Pt(II) Complexes
Authors: Squarcina Andrea , Maier Philipp , Vignane Thibaut , Senft Laura , Filipovic Milos R. , Ivanović‐Burmazović Ivana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe conducted an in‐depth exploration of the in vitro activities of the dinuclear Mn2L2Ac and Mn2L2 complexes (where HL=2‐{[di(2‐pyridyl)methylamino]‐methyl}phenol), possessing dual superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity.We investigated these complexes both individually and in conjunction with various Pt(II)‐complexes, either as mixtures or as the Mn2‐Pt adducts. Our findings revealed a notable up to 50 % enhancement in the viability of healthy human breast cells, contrasted with a viability decrease as low as 50 % in breast cancer cells upon combined treatments with Mn2 SOD mimics and Pt(II) complexes. Specifically, we synthesized and characterized the self‐assembled Mn2‐Pt adducts (isolated Mn2L2Pt and in situ Mn2L2Pt’), linking Mn2L2‐core with the carboxylate group of PtDAPCl2 (dichloro(2,3‐diaminopropionic acid) platinum(II)). The SOD activity of the isolated Mn2L2Pt adduct (kSOD=1.7×107 M−1 s−1) remained intact. Through in vitro cell viability assessments, ROS levels, cellular Mn uptake and proteomics measurements, we elucidated key mechanisms underlying the observed biological effects. We demonstrated that Mn2‐containing formulations predominantly target mitochondrial processes, differently affecting the proteome of cancerous and healthy cells. They induced downregulation of H2S signaling and expression of mitochondrial complex I and III, as well as increased oxidative phosphorylation pathways and upregulation of EGFR in cancer cells. In contrast, healthy cells showed a decrease in EGFR expression and a moderate enrichment in oxidative phosphorylation pathways.
Transcriptome analysis of the molecular basis of 11‐eicosenoic acid‐mediated salt stress tolerance in rice
Authors: Dong Shiqing , He Juan , Luo Yuming , Han Xiaokang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSalt stress is one of the major abiotic factors severely hampering rice production. Fatty acids play a crucial role in plants response to such stress. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of unsaturated fatty acid (11‐eicosenoic acid [EA]) to enhance salt tolerance in rice, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Our study indicates that the exogenous application of EA could alleviate salt stress‐induced damage as well as improve the survival rate of rice seedlings. Transcriptome analysis was performed following treatment of rice seedlings with EA, NaCl, and NaCl + EA. The results showed that there were 4970, 11, 304, and 4735 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in NaCl versus CK, EA versus CK, NaCl + EA versus NaCl, and NaCl + EA versus CK, respectively. Notably, pathways such as unsaturated fatty acid metabolism, diterpenoid phytoalexin biosynthesis, and phytohormone signal transduction were significantly enriched in NaCl + EA versus NaCl. Specifically, genes related to ethylene, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, gibberellin signaling, and fatty acid metabolism were implicated in the mitigation effect of EA on salt stress in rice. Furthermore, DEGs involved in rice diterpenoid biosynthesis were analyzed in detail, revealing that EA induced the biosynthesis of multiple diterpenoids. Metabolomic analysis showed that the levels of various fatty acids, phytohormones, and terpenes increased. The presented data may serve as a useful guide for further exploration of the various biological functions of EA in enhancing plant resilience to salt stress. Additionally, it offers a valuable list of genes for the development of crop plants with improved salt resistance.
Optimization of resource allocation in 5G networks: A network slicing approach with hybrid NOMA for enhanced uRLLC and eMBB coexistence
Authors: Chandra Sekhar Rebba , Singh Poonam 
Published: July 2024

SummaryTraditional Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) and spectrum sharing methods struggle to provide the diverse quality of service (QoS) demands for enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra‐reliable low latency communications (uRLLC), and massive machine type communications (mMTC) leading to suboptimal performance and service quality degradation. Single‐carrier‐non‐orthogonal multiple access (SC‐NOMA) appears to be a more optimized solution. It can serve multiple users simultaneously on the same time‐frequency resources. This approach offers both enhanced spectrum efficiency and meets the QoS requirements for the coexistence of eMBB, uRLLC, and mMTC. However, SC‐NOMA has some drawbacks. Decoding a user's signal involves a complex successive interference cancellation (SIC) process that gets harder with more users causing delays and errors. Additionally, strong user signals can interfere with weaker ones, limiting the number of users per channel. In order to overcome the drawbacks associated with OMA and SC‐NOMA, this paper introduces a new method called user‐paired NOMA (hybrid NOMA). Hybrid NOMA adopts a strategic approach, employing two user pairing techniques: near‐far/far‐near (NF‐FN) and near‐near/far‐far (NN‐FF). NF‐FN pairing prioritizes users with similar signal strengths but different distances from the base station. This minimizes interference for the weaker user during SIC. NN‐FF pairing, on the other hand, groups users with similar signal strengths and proximity. This approach further simplifies SIC and minimizes potential interference altogether. The simulation results demonstrate trade‐offs between eMBB and uRLLC performance. OMA suffers with dedicated resource allocation, while SC‐NOMA balances performance but experiences interference. NN‐FF prioritizes eMBB and offers best latency, while NF‐FN prioritizes uRLLC with high spectral efficiency but suffers from higher latency. Finally, by providing a thorough grasp of how hybrid NOMA resource allocation works to improve the performance of various use cases, this research makes a significant contribution to the field of 5G spectrum optimization.
Lifestyle and psychosocial associations with cognition at the cusp of midlife using twins and siblings
Authors: Zheng Anqing , Friedman Naomi P. , Gustavson Daniel E. , Corley Robin P. , Wadsworth Sally J. , Reynolds Chandra A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThis study investigates the relationship between cognitive functioning and 59 modifiable and intrinsic factors at the cusp of midlife.METHODSWe analyzed data from 1221 participants in the Colorado Adoption/Twin Study of Lifespan behavioral development and cognitive aging (CATSLife; Mage = 33.20, %Female = 52.74). We assessed the impact of 59 factors on cognitive functioning using regularized regression and co‐twin control models, controlling for earlier‐life cognitive functioning and gray matter volume.RESULTSEight robust factors were identified, including education attainment, cognitive complexity, purpose‐in‐life, and smoking status. Twins reporting higher levels of cognitive complexity and purpose‐in‐life showed better cognitive performance than their cotwin, while smoking was negatively associated. Using meta‐analytically derived effect size threshold, we additionally identified that twins experiencing more financial difficulty tend to perform less well compared with their cotwin.DISCUSSIONThe findings highlight the early midlife link between cognitive functioning and lifestyle/psychological factors, beyond prior cognitive performance, brain status, genetic and familial confounders. Our results further highlight the potential of established adulthood as a crucial window for dementia prevention interventions targeting lifestyle and psychosocial factors.Highlights
Cog complexity(+), purpose‐in‐life(+) were associated with cognition in early midlife.
Smoking(−) was also associated with cognition in early midlife.
Results were consistent controlling for genetic and environmental confounds.
Association between EA and cognition might be mostly genetic and familial confounded.
Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction
Authors: Li Dongbo , Brough Benjamin , Rees Jasper W. , Coste Christophe F. D. , Yuan Chenggui , Fowler Mike S. , Sait Steven M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClimate change is projected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events, and may increase humidity levels, leading to coupled thermal and hydric stress. However, how humidity modulates the impacts of heat stress on species and their interactions is currently unknown. Using an insect host‐parasitoid interaction: the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, and its endoparasitoid wasp, Venturia canescens, we investigated how humidity interacted with heat stress duration, applied at different host developmental stages, to affect life history traits. Hosts parasitized as 4th instar larvae and unparasitized hosts were maintained in high‐ (60.8% RH) or low‐humidity (32.5% RH) at constant 28°C. They were then exposed to a 38°C thermal stress with a duration of 0 (no heat stress), 6 or 72 h in either the 4th or 5th host instar. Neither humidity nor heat stress duration affected emergence of unparasitized hosts, but increasing heat stress duration during the 4th instar decreased parasitoid emergence irrespective of humidity. When applied during the 5th instar, increasing heat duration decreased parasitoid emergence under low humidity, but no effect of heat stress was found under high humidity. Moreover, experiencing longer heat stress in the 4th instar increased host larval development time and decreased body size under high humidity, but this effect differed under low humidity; increasing heat duration in the 5th instar decreased parasitoid body sizes only under low humidity. Larval stage and heat stress duration directly affected parasitized host survival time, with a concomitant indirect reduction of parasitoid sizes. We show that humidity modifies key life history responses of hosts and parasitoids to heat stress in species‐specific ways, highlighting the potential importance of humidity in regulating host‐parasitoid interactions and their population dynamics. Finally, we emphasize that interactions between environmental stressors need to be considered in climate change research.
A fault diagnosis method of hot spots for photovoltaic clusters based on model parameters
Authors: Xiaoni Chi , Wei Dong , He Yunxiao , Shen Minxiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUtilizing the direct current‐side electrical data resources of the photovoltaic power generation system on the FusionSolar platform, this study investigates the impact of hot spot faults on the output characteristics of photovoltaic strings and proposes a hot spot fault diagnosis method based on time series waveform characteristics. By analyzing the mechanisms of hot spot generation and evolution, as well as the characteristic differences in I–V curves and time series compared to other types of faults, the waveform variation patterns of hot spots in current and voltage time series are obtained. A function form suitable for hot spot fault waveform characteristics in time series graphs is constructed, and fault diagnosis feature vectors are extracted. Combining field operation and maintenance experience, a fuzzy reasoning fault diagnosis system is established to determine the causes and estimate the severity of hot spot faults. Experimental results indicate that hot spot faults have unique and corresponding variations in the current/voltage time series waveforms of the string output. The constructed function form can clearly represent the waveform variation patterns, and the established fuzzy reasoning system can achieve effective and reliable diagnosis of hot spot faults.
Potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers of gastric cancer
Authors: Mohammed Ousman , Gizaw Solomon Tebeje , Degef Maria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer (GC), a malignant epithelial tumor, is the fourth leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Therapeutic strategies for GC, despite the biggest challenges, can significantly improve survival rates through early detection and effective screening methods.AimTo provide brief information on the necessity of multiple specific diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive markers for GC.MethodsThis review was conducted using a variety of search engines, including PubMed Central, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and others.ResultsSome potential biomarkers that provide essential information include circulating tumor cells (CTCs), DNA methylation, claudin 18.2, fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), cell‐free DNA (cfDNA), microRNAs, and serum pepsinogens.ConclusionMultiple tumor markers are essential for screening, tumor identification, staging, prognostic assessment, and monitoring recurrence after therapy due to the absence of a single tumor indicator for diagnosing, prognosticating, and predicting GC.
Development of a coupled surface water–groundwater model for the spatiotemporal simulation of river–aquifer interactions
Authors: Al‐Suraifi Abbas Rasool , Shirinabadi Reza , Rabiefar Hamidreza , Najarchi Mohsen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntegrating surface and groundwater use is a crucial part of water management. When one type of water is depleted, the other follows suit because of the constant movement and interaction between them. Therefore, the primary objective of this research is to establish a method by which the water evaluation and planning system (WEAP) surface water model and the MODFLOW groundwater model can communicate with one another. This article aims to demonstrate the interdependence of groundwater and surface water. Here, we use MODFLOW to model the saturated soil region and the soil moisture method to model the unsaturated soil region. The interaction between surface water and groundwater will affect the region's water resources and how they will operate under the continuance of existing practices. The simulation of saturated and unsaturated soil zones using a connected model of surface and groundwater employing all the hydroclimatology balance components is one of the most significant accomplishments of this research. The findings show that the (Iran) Sonqor Plain's maximum aquifer recharge throughout the months of November to May during a period of 30 years (October 1991 to September 2020) ranges between 1.5 and 2.6 million m³. A lack of recharge from irrigation water infiltration occurs in some of these months in addition to rain. The highest rate of groundwater level increase in this area is 4.5 m yr⁻¹ as a result of the distribution of irrigation water provided from the dam in the north‐western region.
Catalytic cracking of oleic acid to generate aviation kerosene using platinum–modified ZSM–5 nanosheets
Authors: Liu Haoyu , Ma Jingye , Yuan Hong , Shi Xiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDA series of Pt@NZSM–5 and Pt/NZSM–5 nanosheets having different Si/Al ratios were prepared via an in situ synthesis and impregnation method, respectively, using C22H45–N+(CH3)2–C6H12–N+(CH3)2–C6H13 (C22–6–6) as the template agent. The oleic acid decarboxylation reaction was carried out using these materials under CO2 atmosphere and the oleic acid cracking mechanism was inferred from the product distribution of the C8‐C17 alkanes.RESULTSThe Pt@NZSM–5 and Pt/NZSM–5 was found to comprise thinner nanosheets and exhibited strong metal–substrate interactions. Pt@NZSM–5 nanosheets with a Si/Al molar ratio of 100 had thicknesses of only 8–9 nm along with a mesopore/micropore capacity ratio of 2.7, an acid content of 11 cm3/g STP and a high Pt0/PtOx ratio.CONCLUSIONThe Pt@NZSM‐5 and Pt/NZSM‐5 nanosheets had an interconnected hierarchical system and a large number of metal active sites that facilitated the decarboxylation of oleic acid. The Pt@NZSM–5 nanosheets demonstrated excellent catalytic activity during the cracking of oleic acid under a CO2 atmosphere, giving a yield of C8–C17 alkanes as high as 83.8% after 5 h at 320 °C. These Pt@NZSM–5 nanosheets also showed greater stability than the Pt/NZSM–5 specimens. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Subchondral bone: An emerging target for the treatment of articular surface lesions of the knee
Authors: Sangiorgio Alessandro , Andriolo Luca , Gersoff Wayne , Kon Elizaveta , Nakamura Norimasa , Nehrer Stefan , Vannini Francesca , Filardo Giuseppe 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeWhen dealing with the health status of the knee articular surface, the entire osteochondral unit has gained increasing attention, and in particular the subchondral bone, which plays a key role in the integrity of the osteochondral unit. The aim of this article was to discuss the current evidence on the role of the subchondral bone.MethodsExperts from different geographical regions were involved in performing a review on highly discussed topics about the subchondral bone, ranging from its etiopathogenetic role in joint degeneration processes to its prognostic role in chondral and osteochondral defects, up to treatment strategies to address both the subchondral bone and the articular surface.DiscussionSubchondral bone has a central role both from an aetiologic point of view and as a diagnostic tool, and its status was found to be relevant also as a prognostic factor in the follow‐up of chondral treatment. Finally, the recognition of its importance in the natural history of these lesions led to consider subchondral bone as a treatment target, with the development of osteochondral scaffolds and procedures to specifically address osteochondral lesions.ConclusionSubchondral bone plays a central role in articular surface lesions from different points of view. Several aspects still need to be understood, but a growing interest in subchondral bone is to be expected in the upcoming future towards the optimization of joint preservation strategies.Level of EvidenceLevel V, expert opinion.
The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act and workplace genetic testing: Knowledge and perceptions of employed adults in the United States
Authors: Willard Lindsay , Uhlmann Wendy , Prince Anya E. R. , Blasco Drew , Pal Subhamoy , Roberts J. Scott ,   for the INSIGHT @ Work Consortium
Published: July 2024

AbstractWorkplace wellness programs are an emerging avenue for health‐related genetic testing, with some large employers now offering such testing to employees. Employees' knowledge and concerns regarding genetic discrimination may impact their decision‐making about and uptake of workplace genetic testing (wGT). This study describes employed adults' objective knowledge of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) and evaluates how this knowledge correlates with attitudes and beliefs regarding wGT. Analyses utilized data from a large, national web‐based survey of employed adults (N = 2000; mean age = 43 years; 51% female; 55.2% college educated). Overall, most respondents (57.3%) said they were unaware of any laws protecting against genetic discrimination. Specifically, 62.6% indicated they were not at all familiar with GINA. The primary study outcome was respondents' score on a 13‐item measure assessing knowledge of basic facts about GINA. Participants had low overall GINA knowledge (M = 4.6/13 items correct (35%), SD = 2.9), with employees often presuming GINA offers greater legal protections than it does (e.g., 45.3% erroneously endorsed that GINA protected against discrimination in life insurance). Logistic regression analyses assessed associations between GINA knowledge and employees' demographic characteristics, prior experience with genetic testing, and attitudes regarding wGT. Variables significantly associated with GINA knowledge included higher interest in wGT (aOR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.77), self‐reported familiarity with GINA (aOR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.64, 2.50), and favorable attitudes toward wGT (aOR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.52, 2.44). Results indicate public knowledge of GINA remains low over 15 years after its passage. These findings highlight the need for employee education on GINA before participating in wGT, as well as broader public education on GINA's legal protections and limitations. Genetic counselors lead GINA education efforts in clinical and public settings and can play a pivotal role in ongoing public education initiatives about GINA.
Study of Manipulative In Situ Pore‐Formation upon Polymeric Coating on Cylindrical Substrate for Sustained Drug Delivery
Authors: Wei Hao , Lin Ping , Shi Baozhang , Xu Liping , Yang Xiaoping , Sun Wei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHerein, the micro‐porous polylactic acid coating applied on the surface of the cylindrical substrate is fabricated by a novel in situ pore‐formation strategy based on the combinational effect of breath figure (BF) and vapor‐induced phase separation (VIPS) processes. Under the condition of high environmental humidity, solvent pair of chloroform and dimethylformamide is employed for post‐treatment onto pre‐formed PLA coating to induce the pore‐formation following the mechanism of BF and VIPS, respectively. A composite porous structure with both cellular‐like and bi‐continuous network morphologies is obtained. By tunning the experimental factors including the ratio of the solvent pair, environmental humidity, and temperature, morphological manipulation upon the pore morphology can be facilely achieved based on the control of mechanism transition between BF and VIPS. Paclitaxel is used as a model drug and loaded into the porous coating by the wicking effect of post‐immersion. Coatings with different morphological features show varying drug loading and release capacities. The 28‐day release test reveals dynamic release profiles between different coating samples, with the total release rate ranging from 35.70% to 79.96%. Optimal loading capacity of 19.28 µg cm−2 and 28‐day release rate of 35.70% are achieved for the coating with composite BF‐VIPS structure. This research established a cost‐efficient strategy with high flexibility in the structural manipulation concerning the construction of drug‐eluting coating with the feature of manipulative drug delivery.
Weighted Kato–Ponce inequalities for multiple factors
Authors: Douglas Sean , Grafakos Loukas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we establish a weighted Kato–Ponce inequality for factors in the endpoint case. Furthermore, we extend the validity of the Kato–Ponce inequality from the class of Schwartz functions to the broader class of functions living in a (weighted) fractional Sobolev space.
An Algorithm for Computing Entanglements in an Ensemble of Linear Polymers
Authors: Patel Pramod Kumar , Basu Sumit 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe entanglement length plays a key role in deciding many important properties of thermoplastics. A number of computational techniques exist for the determination of entanglement length. In Ahmad et al.,[1] a method is proposed that treats a macromolecular chain as a 1D open curve and identifies entanglements by computing the linking number between two such interacting curves. If the curves wind around each other, a topological entanglement is detected. However, the entanglement length that is measured in experiments is assumed to be between rheological entanglements, which are clusters of such topological entanglements that collectively anchor the interacting chains strongly. In this article, the method of clustering topological entanglements into rheological ones is further elaborated and the robustness of the method is assessed. It is shown that this method estimates an entanglement length that depends on the forcefield chosen and is reasonably constant for chain lengths longer than the entanglement length. For shorter chain lengths, the method returns an infinite value of entanglement length indicating that the sample is unentangled. Moreover, in spite of using a geometry‐based algorithm for clustering topological entanglements, the estimated entanglement length retains known empirical connections with physical attributes associated with the ensemble.