bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brewing method‐dependent changes of volatile aroma constituents of green tea (Camellia sinensis L.)
Authors: Göksu Sürücü Canan , Tolun Aysu , Halisçelik Ozan , Artık Nevzat 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe determination of optimal levels of green tea amount and brewing time would have a crucial role in the accumulation of desired aromatic volatile compounds to meet worldwide market demand. Aroma is the most important factor influencing tea consumers' choices along with taste, price, and brand. This study aims to determine how the brewing time and amount of green tea affect the aroma profile of green tea infusion. The effect of the amount of Turkish green tea (5–10 g) and brewing time (5–60 min) on aromatic volatile compounds was evaluated using solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technique. The SPME/GC–MS analysis identified 57 components in the aroma profile of green tea infusions including 13 esters, 12 alkanes, 7 unknowns, 6 ketones, 3 alcohols, 2 terpenes, 2 terpenoids, 1 alkaloid, 1 phenolic compound, 1 lactone, 1 pyrazine, and 1 norisoprenoid. The green tea amount and brewing time had significant effects on the number of chemical compounds. A total of 42, 47, and 36 aromatic volatile compounds were determined by brewing 5, 7.5, and 10 g of green tea. The most abundant constituents in green tea infusions were phytone, 2‐decenal, lauric acid, unknown 1, methoxy‐1‐methylethyl pyrazine, α‐ionone, β‐ionone, and diethyl phthalate (DEP). With this study, the aroma structures of green tea infusion have been revealed for the first time depending on the brewing time and quantity.
The potential protective effects of probiotics, prebiotics, or yogurt on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Results from NHANES 2007–2012
Authors: Hong Yu , Luo Ting 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ranks among the world's three leading causes of mortality, owing to the increased smokers and aging populations. Previous studies showed that gut microbiota could help to ameliorate respiratory diseases. Hence, the current study aims to evaluate the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, or yogurt on the prevalence of COPD. A cross‐sectional study was carried out by investigating data from three consecutive NHANES cycles during 2007–2012. Individuals who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were studied. Prescription medications and dietary were reviewed to identify the intake of probiotics, prebiotics, or yogurt. The included participants were then divided into two groups depending on their consumption of probiotics, prebiotics, or yogurt. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, or yogurt consumption on the prevalence of COPD. Out of 7486 enrolled participants, 1656 (22.12%) were categorized into the probiotics, prebiotics, or yogurt intake group. This study indicated that consuming probiotics, prebiotics, or yogurt were correlated with a lower incidence of COPD, even when factors like gender, age, education, moderate‐intensity activities, vigorous activities, hypertension, asthma, diabetes, smoking and alcohol consumption were accounted for (Model 1: OR, 0.68, 95% CI, 0.53–0.87; Model 2: OR, 0.77, 95% CI, 0.59–0.99; Model 3: OR, 0.75, 95% CI, 0.57–0.98). The findings reveal that consuming probiotics, prebiotics, or yogurt might play a beneficial role in preventing COPD.
Mixed convective heat transfer in an open cavity with fins
Authors: Abu‐Ghurban Mohammed , Al‐Farhany Khaled 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work numerically explores the mixed convective heat transfer in an open square enclosure containing conducting fins fixed to the heated vertical wall. This kind of work with fins has enormous potential due to its applications in research, engineering, and current industries. Therefore, the current work is highly significant to understand the impact of mixed convection. The external flow enters from the hole in the bottom wall and leaves from the hole in the upper wall. The left vertical wall of the enclosure is heated isothermally, and the fins are attached to the heated walls at a uniform height. Both the upper and lower walls are adiabatic, whereas the right sidewall is at a lower temperature. The non‐dimensional transport equations are resolved by using the finite element method. The study is accomplished for the wide control variables range, such as Reynolds number (50 ≤ Re ≤ 200), Richardson's number (0.1 ≤ Ri ≤ 10), the length of the fins (Lf = 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6), the size of the outlet opening (Wout = 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3), and the gaps in between the outlet hole and left heated wall (S = 0, 0.45, and 0.9). The results show that the thermal performance of the open enclosure is meaningfully affected by the control parameters. The maximum and minimum heat transfer happens when the position of the outlet opening is at the left (S = 0) and right (S = 0.9), respectively. The heat transfer improves by raising the Ri and Re, whereas increasing the fin's length and distance between the outlet opening and left wall reduces heat transfer significantly. The rises 13% with a decrease in the fin's length from 0.6 to 0.2 at Re = 200, S = 0 due to the improvement of the convection on the heated wall. Also, increases by 15% when Ri increases from 1 to 9.
Atypical artificial cells: Novel biomimetic materials for combating cancer
Authors: Ren Zhao‐yang , Wan Qian‐qian , Zhu Yi‐na , Li Ling , Wang Kai‐yan , Zhao Fei , Jiao Kai , Tang Michelle , Tay Franklin , Wan Mei‐chen , Niu Li‐na 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe functional concept of using synthetic entities to supplement or replace certain functions or structures of biological cells is realized by the development of atypical artificial cells using a bottom‐up approach. Tremendous progress has been achieved over the past 5 years that focuses on the therapeutic applications of atypical artificial cells, especially in the anticancer arena. Artificial cell‐based anticancer strategies have demonstrated eminent advantages over conventional anticancer tactics, with excellent biocompatibility and targeting capability. The present review commences with introducing the constructing principles and classification of artificial cells. Artificial cell‐based applications in cancer prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment are subsequently highlighted. These stimulating outcomes may inspire the development of next‐generation anticancer therapeutic strategies.
Biopsy‐verified vulvar lichen sclerosus and the risk of non‐vulvar cancer: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kaderly Rasmussen Emma L. , Hannibal Charlotte Gerd , Hertzum‐Larsen Rasmus , Kjær Susanne K. , Baandrup Louise 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease known to be associated with human papillomavirus‐independent vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Evidence on the association with other types of cancer, however, is sparce. We conducted a large nationwide cohort study examining the incidence of non‐vulvar cancers among women with biopsy‐verified VLS compared with the general female population. By using the nationwide Pathology Registry, we identified all women in Denmark with a biopsy‐verified VLS diagnosis during 1978–2019 (n = 16,921). The cohort was followed up in the Danish Cancer Registry until 2022 for a subsequent non‐vulvar cancer diagnosis. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were computed with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as relative risk estimates of all specific non‐vulvar cancer sites. Compared with general female population rates, women with biopsy‐verified VLS had decreased rates of several non‐vulvar cancers, including HPV‐related cancers (combined estimate: SIR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3–0.7), and lung (SIR = 0.6; 95% CI: 0.5–0.7), liver (SIR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.2–0.9), and thyroid cancer (SIR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3–0.9). The decreased SIRs tended to sustain throughout the follow‐up period following the VLS diagnosis. This large nationwide cohort study shows that women with biopsy‐verified VLS may have a long‐term reduced risk of developing HPV‐related (cervical, vaginal, oropharyngeal, and anal) and smoking‐associated cancers (lung, liver, and cervical) as well as thyroid cancer. Future studies focusing on the mechanisms behind the decreased cancer risk are needed.
Multiscale Feature Fusion Method for Liver Cirrhosis Classification
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Jian Ling , Li Kaiyan , Zhou Pingping , Zeng Liang 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTLiver cirrhosis is one of the most common liver diseases in the world, posing a threat to people's daily lives. In advanced stages, cirrhosis can lead to severe symptoms and complications, making early detection and treatment crucial. This study aims to address this critical healthcare challenge by improving the accuracy of liver cirrhosis classification using ultrasound imaging, thereby assisting medical professionals in early diagnosis and intervention. This article proposes a new multiscale feature fusion network model (MSFNet), which uses the feature extraction module to capture multiscale features from ultrasound images. This approach enables the neural network to utilize richer information to accurately classify the stage of cirrhosis. In addition, a new loss function is proposed to solve the class imbalance problem in medical datasets, which makes the model pay more attention to the samples that are difficult to classify and improves the performance of the model. The effectiveness of the proposed MSFNet was evaluated using ultrasound images from 61 subjects. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves high classification accuracy, with 98.08% on convex array datasets and 97.60% on linear array datasets. Our proposed method can classify early, middle, and late cirrhosis very accurately. It provides valuable insights for the clinical treatment of liver cirrhosis and may be helpful for the rehabilitation of patients.
Grain boundary engineering: An emerging pathway toward efficient electrocatalysis
Authors: Xu Xiaomin , Zhong Yijun , Wajrak Magdalena , Bhatelia Tejas , Jiang San Ping , Shao Zongping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrochemical transformation processes involving carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and small‐molecule chemistries represent a promising means to store renewable energy sources in the form of chemical energy. However, their widespread deployment is hindered by a lack of efficient, selective, durable, and affordable electrocatalysts. Recently, grain boundary (GB) engineering as one category of defect engineering, has emerged as a viable and powerful pathway to achieve improved electrocatalytic performances. This review presents a timely and comprehensive overview of recent advances in GB engineering for efficient electrocatalysis. The beneficial effects of introducing GBs into electrocatalysts are discussed, followed by an overview of the synthesis and characterization of GB‐enriched electrocatalysts. Importantly, the latest developments in leveraging GB engineering for enhanced electrocatalysis are thoroughly examined, focusing on the electrochemical utilization cycles of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Future research directions are proposed to further advance the understanding and application of GB engineering for improved electrocatalysis.image
Poa annua control in golf course putting green collars via fraise mowing
Authors: Brosnan James T. , Breeden Gregory K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPoa annua L. control on golf courses is challenging, particularly in collars adjacent to putting greens where herbicide options are limited. Field research was conducted in Knoxville, TN from 2022 to 2024 to evaluate P. annua control efficacy following summer fraise mowing of putting green collars. Plots were arranged in a hybrid bermudagrass [C. dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy, cv. ‘Tifway’] collar adjacent to a creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) putting green. A walk‐behind fraise mower (RR600 HDX; SISIS) was used to fraise mow plots (0.6 × 3 m) to depths of 8 or 15 mm. A non‐fraise‐mowed check (0 mm) was included for comparison. Plots were fraise mowed on June 20, 2022 and July 10, 2023 with recovery visually assessed thereafter relative to non‐fraise‐mowed check plots in each replication. Poa annua control was visually assessed 133 and 233 days after treatment relative to non‐fraise‐mowed check plots as well. In the absence of herbicide, summer fraise mowing of hybrid bermudagrass collars provided effective control (>89%) of P. annua for 133 days. Hybrid bermudagrass recovery from this mechanical control method was swift, which suggests that it could be incorporated into a weed management program with pre‐ and postemergence herbicides similar to harvest weed seed control methods used in crop production.
The role of positive affect in asthma control and symptom severity in adolescents
Authors: Jenkins Brooke N. , Martin Logan T. , Halterman Jill S. , Moskowitz Judith T. , Glynn Laura M. , Tirakitsoontorn Pornchai , Kamath Sunil , Kain Zeev N. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionWe test the effects of positive affect and its arousal subscale components of calm, wellbeing, and vigor on asthma control and symptom severity in adolescents with moderate to severe asthma. Additionally, we test whether positive affect (and its arousal components) moderate how stress impacts asthma control and symptom severity.MethodsAdolescents with asthma (N = 66, ages 12–17) completed brief surveys 4 times a day for 7 days reporting on their positive affect, stress, and asthma symptom severity and conducted a morning peak expiratory flow assessment each day. Asthma control and psychological asthma triggers were assessed at the end of the 7 days.ResultsPositive affect moderated the association between stress and asthma control (b = −0.33, p = 0.009) as well as the association between psychological triggers and asthma control (b = −0.74, p = 0.007). When assessing the positive affect arousal components, calm and wellbeing seemed to be driving these effects. Additionally, calm moderated the association between stress and asthma symptom severity (b = −0.33, p = 0.036) as well as the association between psychological triggers and asthma symptom severity (b = −0.75, p = 0.021).ConclusionsWhen considering patient stress (e.g., general stress, psychological asthma triggers), positive affect and its arousal components of calm and wellbeing may be helpful for patients with higher levels of stress and/or for patients experiencing greater numbers of psychological triggers.
Age‐varying associations of parent‐adolescent relationship and school connectedness with adolescent self‐compassion: Differences by gender
Authors: Peng Yujia , Xia Mengya , Chi Xinli 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionParent‐adolescent relationships and school connectedness are critical promotive factors for adolescent self‐compassion. However, little is known about how the magnitude of the associations between these protective factors and self‐compassion changes across continuous age groups and whether gender differences exist in the age‐varying associations. This study aims to investigate (1) the age‐varying associations of parent‐adolescent relationships and school connectedness with self‐compassion using time‐varying effect modeling and (2) how their age‐varying associations may differ by gender.MethodsA total of 14,776 adolescents aged 10–18 (mean age = 13.53 ± 2.08, 52.3% males) from Shenzhen, China participated in this study. All adolescents completed the online questionnaires in the school computer rooms.ResultsThe results showed that both parent‐adolescent relationships and school connectedness were positively associated with adolescent self‐compassion, and the magnitudes fluctuated with age. Specifically, the association between parent‐adolescent relationships and self‐compassion peaked for adolescents in early adolescence, with the key timing for girls (age group of 10 years old) being slightly earlier than boys (age group of 11 years old). The association between school connectedness and self‐compassion was stronger for boys in the early years of adolescence (in the age group of 12.7 years), while stronger for girls during middle adolescence (in the age group of 14.0 years). Overall, girls were more sensitive to connections with parents and schools than boys during most age groups.ConclusionsThe findings demonstrated differential key timing for boys and girls regarding family‐ and school‐based intervention to cultivate self‐compassion and highlighted the importance of maintaining strong connections with families and schools for cultivating adolescent self‐compassion, particularly for girls.
Photo‐crosslinkable hydrogel incorporated with bone matrix particles for advancements in dentin tissue engineering
Authors: da Silva Isabela Sanches Pompeo , Bordini Ester Alves Ferreira , Bronze‐Uhle Erika Soares , de Stuani Vitor , Costa Matheus Castro , de Carvalho Letícia Alves Martins , Cassiano Fernanda Balestrero , de Azevedo Silva Lucas José , Borges Ana Flávia Sanches , Soares Diana Gabriela 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study was to create injectable photo‐crosslinkable biomaterials, using gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel, combined with a decellularized bone matrix (BMdc) and a deproteinized (BMdp) bovine bone matrix. These were intended to serve as bioactive scaffolds for dentin regeneration. The parameters for GelMA hydrogel fabrication were initially selected, followed by the incorporation of BMdc and BMdp at a 1% (w/v) ratio. Nano‐hydroxyapatite (nHA) was also included as a control. A physicochemical characterization was conducted, with FTIR analysis indicating that the mineral phase was complexed with GelMA, and BMdc was chemically bonded to the amide groups of gelatin. The porous structure was preserved post‐BMdc incorporation, with bone particles incorporated alongside the pores. Conversely, the mineral phase was situated inside the pore opening, affecting the degree of porosity. The mineral phase did not modify the degradability of GelMA, even under conditions of type I collagenase‐mediated enzymatic challenge, allowing hydrogel injection and increased mechanical strength. Subsequently, human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) were seeded onto the hydrogels. The cells remained viable and proliferative, irrespective of the GelMA composition. All mineral phases resulted in a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized matrix deposition. However, GelMA‐BMdc exhibited higher cell expression values, significantly surpassing those of all other formulations. In conclusion, our results showed that GelMA‐BMdc produced a porous and stable hydrogel, capable of enhancing odontoblastic differentiation and mineral deposition when in contact with HDPCs, thereby showing potential for dentin regeneration.
Effects of ginsenoside Rh2 on cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity in renal tubular epithelial cells by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Wang Lianping , Hao Xiaogang , Li Xiangxin , Li Qingjie , Fang Xuexun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNephrotoxicity remains a major adverse reaction of the anticancer drug cisplatin (CDDP) chemotherapy, which is an important risk factor for chronic renal disease. Ginsenoside Rh2 from Panax ginseng has been shown to protect against CDDP‐induced nephrotoxicity in vivo, but its pharmacological effect on renal tubular epithelial cells is not clearly understood. This study examined the molecular mechanisms underlying the nephroprotective effects of Rh2 on CDDP‐induced HK‐2 cells and acute kidney injury (AKI) mice. As a result of Rh2 treatment, CDDP‐induced HK‐2 cells showed increased cell viability and reduced lactate dehydrogenase release. Moreover, Rh2 ameliorated CDDP‐induced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression to reduce damage. Rh2 inhibited apoptosis and enhanced the antioxidant capacity of HK‐2 cells by reducing proteins associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as well as by attenuating tunicamycin‐induced ER stress. In addition, treatment of CDDP‐induced AKI mice with Rh2 substantially reduced blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels, attenuated histological damage of kidney. Further, Rh2 also improved kidney function by inhibiting ER stress to support in vitro findings. These results consistently demonstrated that Rh2 protects renal tubular epithelial cells from CDDP‐induced nephrotoxicity and apoptosis by restoring ER homeostasis, which might suggest a therapeutic potential and providing new insights into AKI alternative therapies.
Hsa_circRNA_007630 knockdown delays colon cancer progression by modulation of ferroptosis via miR‐506‐3p/AURKA axis
Authors: Hu Ying , Wu Xiongjian , Tan Xiaobin , Zhang Jingzhi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractColon cancer contributes to high mortality rates internationally that has seriously endangered human health. Aurora kinase A (AURKA) served as a key molecule in colon cancer. However, its role of AURKA on regulating ferroptosis in colon cancer and their possible interactions with miRNAs and circRNAs remain still elusive. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis after RNA‐sequencing was conducted to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), ferroptosis‐related DEGs and hub genes. The direct relationship between miR‐506‐3p and hsa_circRNA_007630 or AURKA was predicted, then verified by dual luciferase reporter and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The rescue experiments were conducted by cotransfection with si‐hsa_circRNA_007630, miR‐506‐3p inhibitor or pcDNA‐AURKA in HT29 cells. Erastin was used to induce ferroptosis in HT29 cells and validated by detecting levels of intracellular Fe2+, lipid reactive oxygen species, glutathione, malondialdehyde and ferroptosis markers expression. We screened a total of 331 DEGs, 26 ferroptosis‐related genes, among which 3 hub genes were identified through PPI network analysis. Therein, AURKA expression was elevated in colon cancer cells. Moreover, AURKA was targeted by miR‐506‐3p, and hsa_circRNA_007630 operated as miR‐506‐3p sponge. The effect of hsa_circRNA_007630 depletion on the inhibiting malignant phenotypes of HT29 cells was rescued by inhibition of miR‐506‐3p or AURKA overexpression. Additionally, AURKA reduced erastin‐induced ferroptosis in HT29 cells. Depletion of circRNA_007630 exerts as a suppressive role in colon cancer through a novel miR‐506‐3p/AURKA pathway related to ferroptosis, and might become a novel marker for colon cancer.