bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relations of weight status and physical fitness of children in Slovenia
Authors: Matejek Črtomir , Planinšec Jurij , Fošnarič Samo , Pišot Rado 
Published: October 2013

Izvleček
Izhodišče: Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, ali obstajajo razlike v gibalni učinkovitosti med otroki z normalno telesno težo, s prekomerno telesno težo in z debelostjo.
Metode: Raziskava je bila opravljena na vzorcu 572 otrok iz severovzhodne Slovenije (povprečna starost 7,3 leta, SO = 1,29). Na osnovi indeksa telesne mase (ITM) so bili otroci razdeljeni v skupine z normalno telesno težo, s prekomerno telesno težo in z debelostjo. Za ugotavljanje gibalne učinkovitosti je bilo uporabljenih šest testov različnih gibalnih sposobnosti (moč, vzdržljivost, hitrost, ravnotežje in koordinacija gibanja). Razlike v gibalni učinkovitosti med otroki z normalno telesno težo, s prekomerno telesno težo in z debelostjo so bile izračunane z analizo variance, statistično značilnost razlik pa smo ugotavljali na ravni tveganja p < 0,05 in so bile natančneje opredeljene s pomočjo preizkusa Scheffe post-hoc.
Rezultati: Rezultati kažejo, da ima primerno telesno težo 73,8 % otrok, prekomerno telesno težo 16,6 % otrok in debelost 9,6 % otrok. Med otroki z normalno telesno težo, s prekomerno telesno težo in z debelostjo obstajajo statistično značilne razlike (p < 0,05) v vseh obravnavanih gibalnih sposobnostih. Najbolj gibalno zmogljivi so otroci z normalno telesno težo, nekoliko nižja je gibalna učinkovitost otrok s prekomerno telesno težo, medtem ko je gibalna učinkovitost najnižja pri skupini otrok z debelostjo.
Zaključek: Rezultati dokazujejo, da obstaja tesna povezanost med gibalno učinkovitostjo in statusom telesne teže otrok.
Habitat fragmentation and recent bottlenecks influence genetic diversity and differentiation of the Central European halophyte Suaeda maritima (Chenopodiaceae)
Authors: Prinz Kathleen , Weising Kurt , Hensen Isabell 
Published: October 2013

• Premise of the study: Central European salt habitats are mainly restricted to the maritime coast but scattered occurrences can also be found inland. In inland habitats, human activities have caused losses and reductions in the size of natural salt sites but have also created new anthropogenic habitats around potash mining dumps colonized by halophytic species in the last 30 yr. We aimed to investigate the effects of bottlenecks, isolation, and ongoing habitat fragmentation on the genetic variation of a species commonly growing in these special habitats.• Methods: We used 10 microsatellite markers to compare genetic diversity and differentiation of 31 populations of Suaeda maritima (Chenopodiaceae) from Central European coasts and inland habitats. Two approaches were applied to analyze the tetraploid data based on allele frequencies directly derived from microsatellite data and from transformed binary data.• Key results: In comparison to the coastal populations from the North Sea and the English Channel, significantly reduced genetic variation and increased between‐population differentiation was revealed for populations from the German inland and the Baltic Sea coast. Genetic structure analyses clearly separated coastal and inland populations.• Conclusions: Our results indicate that gene flow is restricted among populations from inland salt sites and the Baltic Sea coast, presumably due to their isolation, small sizes, genetic bottlenecks and/or founder events. Patterns of allele distribution indicate some occasional genetic exchange among habitat types in the past. Anthropogenic salt sites may facilitate gene flow among inland salt habitats preventing endangered inland halophyte populations from genetic erosion.
Imaging features of rhinosporidiosis on contrast CT
Authors: Prabhu Shailesh M , Irodi Aparna , Khiangte Hannah L , Rupa V , Naina P 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Context: Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease endemic in certain regions of India. Computed tomography (CT) imaging appearances of rhinosporidiosis have not been previously described in the literature. Aims: To study imaging features in rhinosporidiosis with contrast-enhanced CT and elucidate its role in the evaluation of this disease. Materials and Methods: Sixteen patients with pathologically proven rhinosporidiosis were included in the study. Contrast-enhanced CT images were analyzed retrospectively and imaging findings were correlated with surgical and histopathologic findings. Results: A total of 29 lesions were found and evaluated. On contrast-enhanced CT, rhinosporidiosis was seen as moderately enhancing lobulated or irregular soft tissue mass lesions in the nasal cavity (n = 13), lesions arising in nasal cavity and extending through choana into nasopharynx (n = 5), pedunculated polypoidal lesions arising from the nasopharyngeal wall (n = 5), oropharyngeal wall (n = 2), larynx (n = 1), bronchus (n = 1), skin and subcutaneous tissue (n = 2). The inferior nasal cavity comprising nasal floor, inferior turbinate, and inferior meatus was the most common site of involvement (n = 13). Surrounding bone involvement was seen in the form of rarefaction (n = 6), partial (n = 3) or complete erosion (n = 3) of inferior turbinate, thinning of medial maxillary wall (n = 2), and septal erosion (n = 2). Nasolacrimal duct involvement was seen in four cases. Conclusions: Contrast-enhanced CT has an important role in delineating the site and extent of the disease, as well as the involvement of surrounding bone, nasolacrimal duct and tracheobronchial tree. This provides a useful roadmap prior to surgery.
Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis
Authors: Alvis-Miranda Hernando Hernando , Castellar-Leones Sandra Milena , Alcala-Cerra Gabriel , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTCerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) is a rare phenomenon that can be seen with some frequency in young patients. CSVT is a multifactorial condition with gender-related specific causes, with a wide clinical presentation, the leading causes differ between developed and developing countries, converting CSVT in a condition characterized by a highly variable clinical spectra, difficult diagnosis, variable etiologies and prognosis that requires fine medical skills and a high suspicious index. Patients who presents with CSVT should underwent to CT-scan venography (CVT) and to the proper inquiry of the generating cause. This disease can affect the cerebral venous drainage and related anatomical structure. The symptoms may appear in relation to increased intracranial pressure imitating a pseudotumorcerebri. Prognosis depends on the early detection. Correcting the cause, generally the complications can be prevented. Mortality trends have diminished, and with the new technologies, surely it will continue. This work aims to review current knowledge about CSVT including its pathogenesis, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment.
Modeling an Inflammation‐Related Depressive Phenotype in Mice Using Bacille Calmette‐Guérin
Authors: Platt Brian J. , Clark Janet A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe relationship between inflammation and neuropsychiatric symptoms is of interest to the scientific community for several reasons. A substantial subset of patients suffering from major depressive disorder also exhibit evidence of chronic inflammation including elevated levels of circulating pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases and immunotherapy can result in depressive symptoms in some patients. Recent evidence suggests that the chronic inflammation may play a role in the pathophysiology of the depressive state, although the specific biological mechanisms are not clear. Herein we describe a model of an inflammation‐related depressive phenotype in mice using the tuberculosis vaccine, bacille Calmette‐Guérin, to induce chronic inflammation and a subsequent depressive phenotype which is assessed using the tail‐suspension test. The model provides an avenue to study not only the molecular and biochemical changes that may be associated with the development of the depressive phenotype, but also pharmacological manipulations of the phenotype. Curr. Protoc. Neurosci. 65:9.46.1‐9.46.10. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
MAHLI at the Rocknest sand shadow: Science and science‐enabling activities
Authors: Minitti M. E. , Kah L. C. , Yingst R. A. , Edgett K. S. , Anderson R. C. , Beegle L. W. , Carsten J. L. , Deen R. G. , Goetz W. , Hardgrove C. , Harker D. E. , Herkenhoff K. E. , Hurowitz J. A. , Jandura L. , Kennedy M. R. , Kocurek G. , Krezoski G. M. , Kuhn S. R. , Limonadi D. , Lipkaman L. , Madsen M. B. , Olson T. S. , Robinson M. L. , Rowland S. K. , Rubin D. M. , Seybold C. , Schieber J. , Schmidt M. , Sumner D. Y. , Tompkins V. V. , Van Beek J. K. , Van Beek T. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDuring Martian solar days 57–100, the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover acquired and processed a solid (sediment) sample and analyzed its mineralogy and geochemistry with the Chemistry and Mineralogy and Sample Analysis at Mars instruments. An aeolian deposit—herein referred to as the Rocknest sand shadow—was inferred to represent a global average soil composition and selected for study to facilitate integration of analytical results with observations from earlier missions. During first‐time activities, the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) was used to support both science and engineering activities related to sample assessment, collection, and delivery. Here we report on MAHLI activities that directly supported sample analysis and provide MAHLI observations regarding the grain‐scale characteristics of the Rocknest sand shadow. MAHLI imaging confirms that the Rocknest sand shadow is one of a family of bimodal aeolian accumulations on Mars—similar to the coarse‐grained ripples interrogated by the Mars Exploration Rovers Spirit and Opportunity—in which a surface veneer of coarse‐grained sediment stabilizes predominantly fine‐grained sediment of the deposit interior. The similarity in grain size distribution of these geographically disparate deposits support the widespread occurrence of bimodal aeolian transport on Mars. We suggest that preservation of bimodal aeolian deposits may be characteristic of regions of active deflation, where winnowing of the fine‐sediment fraction results in a relatively low sediment load and a preferential increase in the coarse‐grained fraction of the sediment load. The compositional similarity of Martian aeolian deposits supports the potential for global redistribution of fine‐grained components, combined with potential local contributions.
Objective Morphological Quantification of Microscopic Images Using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Analysis
Authors: Taylor Samuel E. , Cao Tuoxin , Talauliker Pooja M. , Lifshitz Jonathan 
Published: October 2013

AbstractQuantification of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) using image intensity depends on a number of variables. These variables add a subjective complexity in keeping a standard within and between laboratories. Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) algorithms, however, allow for a rapid and objective quantification (via statistical analysis) using cell morphologies when the microscopic structures are oriented or aligned. Quantification of alignment is given in terms of a ratio of FFT intensity to the intensity of an orthogonal angle, giving a numerical value of the alignment of the microscopic structures. This allows for a more objective analysis than alternative approaches, which rely upon relative intensities. Curr. Protoc. Essential Lab. Tech. 7:9.5.1‐9.5.12. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Isolation of Bacteriophages from Environmental Sources, and Creation and Functional Screening of Phage DNA Libraries
Authors: Pelzek Adam J. , Schuch Raymond , Schmitz Jonathan E. , Fischetti Vincent A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBacteriophages (phages) have evolved specific classes of proteins such as adhesins and lysins to mediate specific bacterial host recognition and rapid and efficient lysis following infection. However, because many bacterial species, and thus phages, cannot be cultured in the laboratory, techniques for the efficient cloning and screening of phage gene libraries are required to aid in the discovery of novel phage proteins for use in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This article contains protocols for the isolation of phages from environmental samples, enrichment of phages targeting host bacteria of interest, and induction of phages from lysogenized host strains. We also provide an optimized protocol for the creation and functional screening of phage DNA libraries derived from environmental samples. Curr. Protoc. Essential Lab. Tech. 7:13.3.1‐13.3.35. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Multiobjective optimization design of heating system in electric heating rapid thermal cycling mold for yielding high gloss parts
Authors: Xiao Cheng‐Long , Huang Han‐Xiong 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAn optimization design method is developed for the electric heating system in rapid thermal cycling molding (RTCM) mold. First, a multiobjective optimization model is established, in which the distance between the mold cavity surface and the center of heating elements and the number and power density of heating elements are the design variables, the required heating time th and the highest cavity surface temperature Tmax at time th are the objective functions. Then, an optimization strategy consisting of design of experiment, finite element analysis, artificial neural network (ANN) and response surface methodology (RSM) models, and Pareto‐based genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the multiobjective optimization model. Finally, the optimization strategy is applied for the design of the heating system for an automotive spoiler blow mold. The results show that the temperature distribution uniformity on the blow mold cavity surface is obviously improved and high heating efficiency is also ensured with the optimized design parameters. Moreover, the ANN model exhibits its superiority over the RSM model in terms of modeling and predictive abilities. A RTCM blow mold with the optimized electric heating system is constructed and successfully utilized to mold high gloss automotive spoiler. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2014, 131, 39976.
Combretastatin A‐4 induces p53 mitochondrial‐relocalisation independent‐apoptosis in non‐small lung cancer cells
Authors: Méndez‐Callejas Gina Marcela , Leone Stefano , Tanzarella Caterina , Antoccia Antonio 
Published: October 2013

AbstractCombretastatin A‐4 (CA‐4) is one of the most effective agents used in chemotherapy. Nevertheless, the contribution of p53 and Bim proteins in the CA‐4‐induced apoptosis in non‐small lung cancer cells (NSCLC) remains unresolved, specifically on involving of p53 in the mitochondrial pathway activation by a transcription‐independent mechanism. In this context, the p53‐null H1299 and wt‐p53 H460 NSCLC cells, in the absence and presence of pifithrin‐µ (PFTµ), an inhibitor of p53 mitochondrial‐translocation, were treated with CA‐4 and different cellular endpoints were analysed. In contrast to previous observations in H460 cells, CA‐4 failed in the activation of an apoptotic response in H1299 cells, thus indicating an involvement of p53 in the cell death induced by the drug. We found that CA‐4 led to p53 cellular re‐localisation in H460 cells; in particular, p53 was released from the microtubular network and accumulated at mitochondria where it interacts with Bim protein and other proteins of the Bcl‐2 (B‐cell leukaemia‐2) family, leading to cytochrome c release, alteration in the mitochondrial membrane polarisation, cell cycle arrest at the G2/M‐phase, and cell death. Interestingly, the cytosolic and the mitochondrial accumulation of protein Bim was strictly dependent on p53 status. The extent of cell death was not reduced in H460 after combined treatment of PFTµ with CA‐4. Overall, the data support a model of CA‐4‐induced apoptosis in NSCLC, for which the expression of p53 protein is essential, but its mitochondrial function, linked to p53‐transcription independent apoptosis pathway, is negligible.
Polymer Resin Supported Cobalt–Salen Catalysts: Role of Co(II) Salen Species in the Regioselective Ring Opening of 1,2‐Epoxyhexane with Methanol
Authors: Feng Yan , Lydon Megan E. , Jones Christopher W. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractRegioselective ring opening of 1,2‐epoxyhexane with methanol can be catalyzed by CoIII–salen complexes, whereas related CoII complexes are inactive species in this and other epoxide ring‐opening reactions. In this work, Co–salen complexes supported on a highly cross‐linked polymer resin are synthesized, characterized, and utilized as catalysts for the ring‐opening of 1,2‐epoxyhexane with methanol. By manipulating the metalation degree of a polymeric resin containing salen ligands, Co salen catalysts are immobilized on various batches of the same polymeric support with different Co densities. The supported catalysts are shown to have different turnover frequencies on a CoIII basis in the reaction, with the rates correlating with the overall cobalt content rather than the CoIII content alone. The observation that both CoIII and CoII salen species play a role in the reaction has not yet been observed to occur in other epoxide ring‐opening systems studied to date, and the results here demonstrate the reaction to kinetically be approximately 0.1 order in CoII species. Catalyst recycling studies imply that both cobalt and counter‐anion leaching account for the catalyst deactivation.
Catalytic Enantiodifferentiating Hydrogenation with Commercial Nickel Powders Chirally Modified by Tartaric Acid and Sodium Bromide
Authors: Osawa Tsutomu , Kizawa Tomoko , Takano Fumika , Ikeda Shinji , Kitamura Takayuki , Inoue Yoshihisa , Borovkov Victor 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe chirally modified nickel catalysts for the enantiodifferentiating hydrogenation of β‐ketoesters are prepared conventionally by immersing hydrogen‐activated metallic nickel into an aqueous solution of enantiopure tartaric acid, in which the preactivation of nickel is essential. Herein, we revealed that even commercially available nickel powders without any pretreatment can catalyze the enantiodifferentiating hydrogenation of β‐ketoesters to give the corresponding β‐hydroxyesters in quantitative yield and high enantioselectivity (up to 91 %) under optimized conditions. The immediate use of commercially available nickel powders and the reproducible high chemical and optical yields not only expand the scope of heterogeneous asymmetric catalysis but also pave the way for the practical application and industrial use of chirally modified nickel catalysts.
On Some Problems of Inorganic Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors: Pervov Vladislav S. , Zotova Anna E. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn this study, some features that distinguish inorganic supramolecular host–guest objects from traditional architectures are considered. Crystalline inorganic supramolecular structures are the basis for the development of new functional materials. Here, the possible changes in the mechanism of crystalline inorganic supramolecular structure self‐organization at high interaction potentials are discussed. The cases of changes in the host structures and corresponding changes in the charge states under guest intercalation, as well as their impact on phase stability and stoichiometry are considered. It was demonstrated that the deviation from the geometrical and topological complementarity conditions may be due to the additional energy gain from forming inorganic supramolecular structures. It has been assumed that molecular recognition principles can be employed for the development of physicochemical analysis and interpretation of metastable states in inorganic crystalline alloys.
Graphene‐Based Flexible Micrometer‐Sized Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Mink Justine E. , Qaisi Ramy M. , Hussain Muhammad M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMicrobial fuel cells harvest electrical energy produced by bacteria during the natural decomposition of organic matter. We report a micrometer‐sized microbial fuel cell that is able to generate nanowatt‐scale power from microliters of liquids. The sustainable design is comprised of a graphene anode, an air cathode, and a polymer‐based substrate platform for flexibility. The graphene layer was grown on a nickel thin film by using chemical vapor deposition at atmospheric pressure. Our demonstration provides a low‐cost option to generate useful power for lab‐on‐chip applications and could be promising to rapidly screen and scale up microbial fuel cells for water purification without consuming excessive power (unlike other water treatment technologies).
Laser and Photonic Systems Integration: Emerging Innovations and Framework for Research and Education
Authors: Nof Shimon Y. , Cheng Gary J. , Weiner Andrew M. , Chen Xin W. , Bechar Avital , Jones Marshall G. , Reed Claude B. , Donmez Alkan , Weldon Thomas D. , Bermel Peter , Bukkapatnam Satish T. S. , Cheng Changqing , Kumara Soundar R. T. , Bement Arden , Koubek Richard , Bidanda Bopaya , Shin Yung C. , Capponi Agostino , Lee Seokcheon , Lehto Mark R. , Liu Andrew L. , Nohadani Omid , Dantus Marcos , Lorraine Peter W. , Nolte David D. , Proctor Robert W. , Sardesai Harshad P. , Shi Leyuan , Wachs Juan P. , Zhang Xi‐Cheng 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to review the key emerging innovations in laser and photonics systems as well as their design and integration, focusing on challenges and opportunities for solutions of societal challenges. Developments, their significance, and frontier challenges are explained in advanced manufacturing, biomedicine and healthcare, and communication. Systems, networks, and integration issues and challenges are then discussed, and an integration framework for networking laser‐ and photonic‐based services and products is proposed. The article concludes with implications and an agenda for education, research and development, and policy needs, with a focus on human, society, science, and technology integration. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
IMPACT OF A RANDOMIZED HOME‐VISITING TRIAL ON INFANT SOCIAL WITHDRAWAL IN THE CAPEDP PREVENTION STUDY
Authors: Guedeney Antoine , Wendland Jaqueline , Dugravier Romain , Saïas Thomas , Tubach Florence , Welniarz Bertrand , Guedeney Nicole , Greacen Tim , Tereno Susana , Pasquet Blandine 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTThe goal of this study was to measure the effects of a home‐based, preventive intervention on children's sustained social withdrawal behavior at 18 months of age. The Compétences parentales et Attachement dans la Petite Enfance: Diminution des risques liés aux troubles de santé mentale et Promotion de la résilience (CAPEDP) (Parental Skills and Attachment in Early Childhood: Reducing Mental Health Risks and Promoting Resilience) study gathered a sample of vulnerable women, replicating (Olds, ) Elmira study, but with a more psychologically oriented frame of work. The eight‐item Alarm Distress Baby Scale (ADBB; Guedeney & Fermanian, ) was used to assess social withdrawal behavior of the child at 18 months, and results were converted into the recent and simpler five‐item Modified ADBB (m‐ADBB) as well. Results show that the early implementation of a prevention program by specially trained and supervised psychologists might be effective in reducing social withdrawal behavior in 18‐month‐old infants. Mothers with fewer mood symptoms at recruitment seem to have profited more from the intervention, as their children had lower than expected levels of social withdrawal at 18 months. Because of its simplified coding and scoring scheme, as compared to the original ADBB, the m‐ADBB might be an instrument that is more user‐friendly given the time and resource restrictions that front line mental health and health workers face in their efforts to screen for effects of maternal postnatal depression.