bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Static analysis of semi‐underground double‐storey squat silo
Authors: Jin Li‐bing , Wang Xu , Zhang Wei‐bo , Fan Tai , Wu Qiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe semi‐underground double‐storey squat silo (SUDSSS) is a new type of silo with the advantages of preserving grain quality. In this paper, a numerical model of SUDSSS was constructed using solid elements. The proposed numerical model was validated by test results of an experimental underground silo, and the results demonstrated that: (1) Before and after backfilling, the radial and circumferential stress of the underground storey reached their maximum at 2/3 from the bottom and 2/3 from the ground surface, respectively; (2) As the height of grain storage increases, the silo wall stress in the overground storey increases. From the top of the underground storey up to 1/4 height of the overground storey, the stress of silo wall increases. (3) For the underground storey, the maximum stress occurs at 1/3 of the way from the apex of bottom cone.Practical applicationsThe semi‐underground double‐storey squat silo is a new grain storage device proposed by this paper, which consists of two layers. The lower layer is located in the ground and can utilize the shallow ground temperature to realize the green and low‐temperature storage of grain, the upper layer is conducive to the turnover of grain, which can ensure the quality of grain storage. The new silo has the advantages of saving land, energy saving and carbon reduction. Based on the silo, this paper investigates the stress–strain properties of the silo before and after soil backfilling during the construction stage, and obtains the change pattern of the static mechanical properties of the silo. This paper analyses the mechanical properties of semi‐underground double‐storey squat silo under different storage conditions at the grain storage stage, and studies the change patterns of the mechanical properties of the silo body under different storage heights.
Institutional power and the deinstitutionalization of marriage
Authors: Herden Rhys James 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this article, I revisit the debate surrounding the deinstitutionalization of marriage. I identify the divergent methodologies used to evaluate deinstitutionalization and argue that institutional power requires greater definition. I develop the concept of institutional power by applying a Lukesian lens to new institutionalist theories of institutional activities. I define deinstitutionalization as the loss of connection between institutions and their sources of institutional power which constitutes their institutionality. Further, I argue that the indicators used to assess deinstitutionalization must recognize (a) the formal and informal aspects of marriage's institutionality and (b) the regulatory, normative, and cultural‐cognitive bases of marriage's institutional power. I argue that discursive processes drive developments in the discursive field of intimacy yet the emphasis on individualization in existing scholarship struggles to adequately explain developments such as same‐sex marriage. I propose that the personal life thesis offers a more cogent explanation of these changes.
Drug burden index of people ageing with intellectual disability and cognitive complaints attending a specialist memory service
Authors: Vaughan R. M. , O'Dwyer M. , Tyrrell J. , Kennelly S. P. , McCarron M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundMedications with sedative or anticholinergic properties should be prescribed with caution in those with cognitive complaints. This is particularly relevant in people ageing with an intellectual disability (ID). Higher drug burden index (DBI) scores are associated with increased frailty and falls and reduced quality of life in older people and increased risk of adverse effects (daytime somnolence, constipation) in those with ID. While previous studies have shown that the ID population has higher rates of drug burden and a higher propensity to be prescribed an antipsychotic than the general population, the degree of burden has not been assessed specifically in those with ID and cognitive complaints.MethodsWe assessed drug burden in a cohort of sequential referrals to a national memory service for people with ID. All patients were referred for assessment of cognitive complaints (self‐reported or caregiver‐reported problems with memory or cognition). DBI was calculated individually for each participant, and the impact of aetiology of ID, level of ID, age, psychiatric/neurological comorbidities and diagnostic outcome on DBI scores was assessed.ResultsThe study population was 58.6% female with a median age of 55 years and aetiology of ID was Down syndrome (DS) in 71.3%. Consensus diagnosis was Alzheimer's dementia in 40.2%, mild cognitive impairment in 29.9% and cognitively unimpaired from baseline in 25.3%. Medication use was high with 95.4% taking medications, with a median number of medications of 4 (interquartile range 4) and a rate of polypharmacy (≥5 medications) of 51.7%. Overall, 65.5% were exposed to sedative or anticholinergic medications with 39.1% exposed to a clinically significant DBI score >1. Those with psychiatric comorbidities, non‐DS aetiology or epilepsy were significantly more likely to have a DBI score >1.ConclusionsPeople with ID and incipient cognitive complaints have a high level of drug burden, which concerningly exceeds that of the general population.
Traidores a la patria: Reconfiguring the nation through (un)patriotic discourse in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Estrella Amarilys 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn June 2020 anti‐racist activists in the Dominican Republic holding a vigil for George Floyd, who was brutally murdered by the police in the United States, were assaulted by right‐wing ultranationalists and detained by the national police. An event that was meant to express transnational solidarity was seen as a threat by ultranationalists who over the past decades supported anti‐Haitian and anti‐Black state policies that have contested the rights of Dominicans of Haitian descent to Dominican nationality and citizenship. This article explores how through the Dominican state's refashioning of the legal and juridical apparatus, as well as the support of self‐proclaimed Dominican nationalists, interpretations of Dominican national belonging are being contested and reimagined through the use of words such as traidor (traitor) and haitiano (Haitian). These terms code proper nationalism and Dominicanness as mixed‐race, Hispanic, and anti‐Haitian, as well as pro‐Dominican sovereignty, therefore against international human rights organizations.
Correlation between semiautomated magnetic resonance imaging volumetry of the cingulate gyrus and interictal epileptiform discharge lateralization in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy
Authors: Banasik Aleksandra , Wrzosek Marcin , Drobot Paulina , Owsińska‐Schmidt Karolina , Brewińska Laura , Zimny Anna , Podgórski Przemysław 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundBrain imaging suggests the involvement of the limbic system, particularly the cingulate gyrus (GC), in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE).HypothesisA correlation exists between the side of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) and the volume of the ipsilateral GC (GCe) in dogs with IE.AnimalsDogs admitted to the neurological consultation (32 with epileptic seizures and 13 control) were included.MethodsThis retrospective, blinded study followed the International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force recommendations for diagnosing IE at the Tier III confidence level. The IE group included 18 and 14 dogs with IEDs in the left and right hemispheres, respectively (median age: 36 months, median weight: 19.5 kg), whereas the control group included 13 dogs (median age: 32 months, median weight: 20 kg). Whole‐brain and GC‐volumetric assessments were performed by a semiautomated method.ResultsIn the control group, the volume of the GC was: left, from 743.63 to 1001.61 mm3, right, from 789.35 to 1015.86 mm3. In the study group, the volume of the GC was: left, from 720.88 to 1054.9 mm3 and right, from 566.29 to 987.77 mm3. In dogs with IE, GCe volume was significantly lower than the mean volume of the GC in the control group relative to total intracranial volume (TIV; P = .00044).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAlterations in the volume of the GC provide insights into structural changes during IE. The use of semiautomatic volumetry provides an advantage by reducing the potential for human error.
Pollinator shifts despite hybridisation in the Cape's hyperdiverse heathers (Erica, Ericaceae)
Authors: Musker Seth D. , Pirie Michael D. , Nürk Nicolai M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInterrogating the ecological and geographic factors that influence population divergence dynamics can reveal why some groups of organisms diversify more prolifically than others. One such group is the heathers (Erica, Ericaceae), the largest plant genus in the Cape Floristic Region. We study Erica abietina, a highly variable species complex with four subspecies differing in geographic range, habitat and pollination syndrome. We test for population differentiation, hybridisation, introgression and pollinator‐driven divergence using genotyping‐by‐sequencing on samples across the entire distribution. We find five variably distinct genetic groups, with one subspecies comprising two independent lineages that are geographically isolated and occur on different soil types. Phylogenetic analysis suggests two independent shifts between bird and insect pollination, with accompanying genetic divergence. However, for one pair of populations with different pollinators, we uncover several individuals of hybrid origin at a site of sympatry. These results suggest that floral differentiation driven by divergent selection acts in concert with geographic isolation to maintain reproductive isolation and promote speciation. Our investigations reveal a highly dynamic system whose diversity has been shaped by a variety of interacting forces. We suggest that such a system could be a model for much of the diversification of the Cape flora.
Repeated migration, interbreeding and bottlenecking shaped the phylogeography of the selfing grass Brachypodium stacei
Authors: Campos Miguel , Pérez‐Collazos Ernesto , Díaz‐Pérez Antonio , López‐Alvarez Diana , Oumouloud Ali , Mur Luis A. J. , Vogel John P. , Catalán Pilar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBrachypodium stacei is the most ancestral lineage in the genus Brachypodium, a model system for grass functional genomics. B. stacei shows striking and sometimes contradictory biological and evolutionary features, including a high selfing rate yet extensive admixture, an ancient Miocene origin yet with recent evolutionary radiation, and adaptation to different dry climate conditions in its narrow distribution range. Therefore, it constitutes an ideal system to study these life history traits. We studied the phylogeography of 17 native circum‐Mediterranean B. stacei populations (39 individuals) using genome‐wide RADseq SNP data and complete plastome sequences. Nuclear SNP data revealed the existence of six distinct genetic clusters, low levels of intra‐population genetic diversity and high selfing rates, albeit with signatures of admixture. Coalescence‐based dating analysis detected a recent split between crown lineages in the Late Quaternary. Plastome sequences showed incongruent evolutionary relationships with those recovered by the nuclear data, suggesting interbreeding and chloroplast capture events between genetically distant populations. Demographic and population dispersal coalescent models identified an ancestral origin of B. stacei in the western‐central Mediterranean islands, followed by an early colonization of the Canary Islands and two independent colonization events of the eastern Mediterranean region through long‐distance dispersal and bottleneck events as the most likely evolutionary history. Climate niche data identified three arid niches of B. stacei in the southern Mediterranean region. Our findings indicate that the phylogeography of B. stacei populations was shaped by recent radiations, frequent extinctions, long‐distance dispersal events, occasional interbreeding, and adaptation to local climates.
Species pool and local assembly processes drive β diversity of ammonia‐oxidizing and denitrifying microbial communities in rivers along a latitudinal gradient
Authors: Xiong Xiang , Feng Lian , Huang Jieya , Wan Wenjie , Yang Yuyi , Liu Wenzhi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBoth regional species pool and local community assembly mechanism drive the microbial diversity patterns across geographical gradients. However, little has been done to separate their effects on the β diversity patterns of microbial communities involved in nitrogen (N) cycling in river ecosystems. Here, we use high‐throughput sequencing of the archaeal amoA, bacterial amoA, nirK, and nirS genes, null model, and neutral community model to distinguish the relative importance of species pool and local assembly processes for ammonia‐oxidizing and denitrifying communities in river wetlands along a latitudinal gradient in eastern China. Results indicated that the β diversity of the nirS‐type denitrifying community co‐varied with γ diversity and environmental heterogeneity, implying that regional species pool and heterogeneous selection explained variation in β diversity. However, the β diversity of ammonia‐oxidizing and nirK‐type denitrifying communities did not correlate with γ diversity and environmental heterogeneity. The continuous hump distribution of β deviation along the latitudinal gradient and the lower species dispersal rate indicated that the dispersal limitation shaped the variation in β diversity of ammonia‐oxidizing and nirK‐type denitrifying communities. Additionally, biotic interactions drove ammonia‐oxidizing and nirS‐type denitrifying communities by influencing species co‐occurrence patterns. Our study highlights the importance of regional species pool and local community assembly processes in shaping geographical patterns of N‐cycling microorganisms and extends knowledge of their adaptability to a continuously changing environment on a large scale.
Sense of coherence in stroke: A concept analysis with Rodger's evolutionary approach
Authors: Liu Yaqian , Leung Angela Y. M. , Lau Terence , Montayre Jed , Wang Wenru , Wang Shanshan , Huang Yaqi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSense of coherence (SoC) refers to how individuals cope with stress and maintain health, yet its concept remains no consensus about how it is defined and applied in the context of stroke care. This study aims to clarify the concept of SoC by reviewing its applications in various stroke populations and its changes across different stages of stroke. The adapted steps of Rodger's evolutionary approach of concept analysis were used to explore the attributes, surrogate or related terms, antecedents, and consequences of SoC in stroke. Twenty‐five articles were included after evaluating 1065 records and 80 full‐text articles. The SoC's attributes, characterized with dynamicity of comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness in stroke, lie within the different stroke phases (acute, sub‐acute and chronic). There is no surrogate term to SoC. Related terms included coping, resistance resources, resilience, hardiness, and readiness. Antecedents related to stroke survivors and informal caregivers included sociodemographic factors, body functioning factors, social factors, stroke‐related factors, and caring factors. Consequences for stroke survivors, informal caregivers, and dyads included psychological status, health behavior, marital satisfaction, care provision, and perception of rehabilitation needs. The findings of the concept analysis of SoC in stroke reveal that this concept extends beyond survivors experienced stroke, and its comprehensive understanding needs considering various aspects including the SoC of informal caregivers, dyads, and family. This paper serves as a novel perspective for future stroke care, focusing on the needs for dynamic monitoring and adaptations to changes of SoC at different stages of stroke care. A proper understanding of SoC can also contribute to developing assessment tools and theoretical models in stroke care with some emphasis on the phases of strokes (attributes), demographic and functional characteristics (antecedents), and both stroke survivor–caregiver‐related outcomes sensitive to SoC.
Epicardial fat in heart failure—Friend, foe, or bystander
Authors: Paterek Aleksandra , Załęska‐Kocięcka Marta , Wojdyńska Zuzanna , Kalisz Małgorzata , Litwiniuk Anna , Leszek Przemysław , Mączewski Michał 
Published: August 2024

SummaryEpicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a fat depot covering the heart. No physical barrier separates EAT from the myocardium, so EAT can easily affect the underlying cardiac muscle. EAT can participate in the development and progression of heart failure with preserved (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). In healthy humans, excess EAT is associated with impaired cardiac function and worse outcomes. In HFpEF, this trend continues: EAT amount is usually increased, and excess EAT correlates with worse function/outcomes. However, in HFrEF, the opposite is true: reduced EAT amount correlates with worse cardiac function/outcomes. Surprisingly, although EAT has beneficial effects on cardiac function, it aggravates ventricular arrhythmias. Here, we dissect these phenomena, trying to explain these paradoxical findings to find a target for novel heart failure therapies aimed at EAT rather than the myocardium itself. However, the success of this approach depends on a thorough understanding of interactions between EAT and the myocardium.
Are different screw lengths associated with osteosynthesis quality in the region of the mental foramen?
Authors: Brito Gabriel Conceição , Fernandes Atson Carlos de Souza , de Moraes Márcio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe use of two monocortical malleable 04‐hole miniplates, placed above and below the mental foramen, has been indicated to prevent the adverse effects of tension and torsion forces on fracture healing. To obtain good fixation in the mandible's outer cortex screws, 5–8 mm long have been recommended. However, studies have shown thicknesses in the mental foramen region of up to 3 mm, meaning the length of the screw could be a risk to nerve or tooth root damage. The purpose of this study is to identify the influence of screw length on osteosynthesis quality in the region of the mental foramen.Materials and Methods10 synthetic polyurethane human lower jaw replicas were subjected to a linear loading test to evaluate fixation techniques with 5 and 10 mm of displacement. In the photoelastic analysis, 02 lower jaw models were made of photoelastic resin and subjected to linear loading in the fixation technique with 10 mm of displacement. Two 04‐hole miniplates in the region of the mental foramen either fixed completely with 4 mm screws (group 1) or with 5 mm screws in the tension zone and 8 mm screws in the compression zone (group 2). The variables were registered for peak load and peak displacement, and final load and final displacement. One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied, followed by the Tukey test, with a significance of 5% (p = 0.05) for the comparisons between the means.ResultsConsidering 95% confidence intervals, the mechanical test showed no statistical differences in peak load between the fixations groups. In the photoelastic analysis, the fringes were concentrated on the distal segment of the fracture in both groups.ConclusionDue to the lack of statistical difference in the biomechanical and photoelastic tests, considering the methodologic limitation, our study indicates a tendency of advantage toward the treatment of fractures with two 04‐hole plates, fixed with 4 mm screws, to minimize complications like tooth or nerve damage. In vivo studies are needed to verify the convergence of the results of in vitro studies to evaluate the resistance and stability in real masticatory forces.
Prevalence and clinical outcomes of off‐label gabapentin prescription in neuropathic orofacial pain
Authors: Tangpothitham Sakarin , Saepoo Jay 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the prevalence, purposes, and clinical outcomes of off‐label gabapentin prescriptions, and to identify potential risks of gabapentin misuse.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2014 to December 2022 at a single‐referral dental hospital. The study reviewed demographic data, clinical information, outcomes, side effects, and co‐prescribed drugs, utilizing statistical analyses to address objectives.ResultsAmong 1365 patients, 87 received gabapentin, representing about 6.37% of off‐label prescriptions. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) was the most common indication (52.87%), often chosen as the clinician's first choice (51.72%), followed by use as an interim medication pending HLA‐B*15:02 results (14.94%). Nortriptyline was frequently co‐prescribed. Overall, gabapentin was prescribed at a mean dosage of 726.44 ± 42.87 (SE) mg per day, with a common dose range of 300–900 mg/day. Patients with TN and other neuropathies/facial pain experienced significant pain reduction from baseline (mean difference = −4.73 ± 0.77, p < 0.0001, and −3.06 ± 0.91, p = 0.0036, respectively). However, only 5 patients achieved a full response (NRS = 0) to gabapentin. Six patients (0.44%; 6 out of 1365 patients) received off‐label gabapentin without clinical diagnosis or treatment records, possibly indicating misuse.ConclusionsOff‐label gabapentin use was prevalent, especially in cases of TN. Despite significant pain reduction observed, only a small number of patients achieved pain‐free periods with their neuropathic pain condition. Therefore, optimal dosing is advisable. Off‐label gabapentin use also benefits patients as an interim medication while waiting for carbamazepine‐related gene screening in the Thai population and as a main drug therapy for HLA‐B*15:02 gene‐positive patients. Given the high prevalence of off‐label use and its potential to interact and enhance centrally mediated effects with other drugs, pre‐screening could aid in identifying potential risks of misuse and abuse.