bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting the stemflow of trees in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Honda Eliane A. , Mendonça Augusto H. , Durigan Giselda 
Published: December 2014

AbstractStemflow is a hydrological flux that largely influences the input of rainwater to the soil and its spatial distribution. Here, we aimed to identify the factors influencing this hydrological flux by quantifying the stemflow of 129 trees in the Brazilian savannah. The attributes of individual trees were investigated as predictor variables influencing either stemflow volume or tree efficiency in generating stemflow—proportion of rainfall over the canopy flowing down the stem. The volume of stemflow was higher in trees that were large, had perennial leaves, and exhibited monopodial growth. However, the efficiency of a tree in generating stemflow was negatively correlated to its dimensions. The most efficient trees had a smooth bark surface, monopodial growth, and straight stems. There was large variation in efficiency among individuals, which is related to the high diversity of attributes among the studied trees. The small size of Cerrado trees explains the lower stemflow volume in comparison with trees in forest ecosystems. The efficiency observed in the Cerrado trees was also lower when compared to trees from other ecosystems, even in arid environments. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Doha Metro Green Line – Six tunnel boring machines in the starting phase / Metro Doha Green Line – Sechs Tunnelvortriebsmaschinen in der Startphase
Authors: Köhler Hans , Rengshausen Rainer 
Published: December 2014

AbstractDoha, the capital of Qatar, is being developed into a modern centre for trade and industry. One essential part of the implementation of this aim is the provision of modern mass‐transport. The “Qatar Integrated Railway Project” includes both high‐speed railway lines and a metro system in Doha. Die Doha Metro has three lines. The network will have a total line length of 216 km in the first extension stage, of which 96 km run underground. The Green Line was awarded to a Joint Venture of Porr (lead), Saudi Bin Laden Group and the local construction company HBK. The contract includes turnkey completion of the underground section of the Green Line with a tunnel length of 2 × 17 km, six stations, gauge changing equipment and switches as well as cross‐passages and emergency exit shafts. The project is being implemented as design and build. The paper reports on experience with assembly work under the difficult conditions of the Middle East as well as the first few weeks of tunnelling.Doha, die Hauptstadt Qatars, soll zu einem modernen Zentrum für Wirtschaft und Handel ausgebaut werden. Ein wesentlicher Bestandteil zur Realisierung dieses Ziels sind moderne Massentransportmittel. Das “Qatar Integrated Railway Project” umfasst sowohl Hochgeschwindigkeits‐Bahnlinien als auch ein Metrosystem in Doha. Die Metro Doha umfasst drei Linien. Das Netz Stufe hat in der ersten Ausbaustufe eine Gesamtstreckenlänge von 216 km, davon werden 96 km unter Tage geführt. Die Green Line wurde an ein Joint Venture von Porr (Federführung), Saudi Bin Laden Group und dem lokalen Bauunternehmen HBK vergeben. Der Auftrag umfasst die schlüsselfertige Errichtung des unterirdischen Abschnitts der Green Line mit einer Tunnellänge von 2 × 17 km, sechs Stationen, Spurwechselanlagen und Weichenanlagen sowie Querschläge und Notausstiegsschächte. Das Projekt wird als “Design and Build” abgewickelt. Der Beitrag berichtet über die Erfahrungen bei den Montagearbeiten unter den schwierigen Bedingungen des Mittleren Osten berichtet sowie von den Erfahrungen der ersten Vortriebswochen.
Recording of crack width changes and temperature developments in a road tunnel / Erfassung von Rissbreitenänderungen und Temperaturentwicklungen an einem Straßentunnel
Authors: Mähner Dietmar , Müller‐Rochholz Jochen , Lange Dirk , Staubermann Christoph 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe articles deals with the recording of crack width changes and temperature developments in a road tunnel constructed of waterproof concrete. As part of the planning of repair concepts, specifically the repeatedly necessary repair of cracks in the reinforced concrete lining, crack widths and temperature effects were recorded for more than one year at selected locations. This enabled the determination of the relationship between cracking behaviour and temperature changes. The article describes the significant findings of this investigation programme.Der Beitrag behandelt die Erfassung von Rissbreitenänderungen und Temperaturentwicklungen an einem Straßentunnel, der aus einer wasserundurchlässigen Betonkonstruktion erstellt wurde. Für wiederkehrende notwendige Instandsetzungen an Rissen der Stahlbetoninnenschale wurden im Zuge einer Ausarbeitung zu möglichen Instandsetzungskonzepten über ein Jahr lang im Tunnel an ausgewählten Stellen Rissbreiten und Temperaturverläufe erfasst. Dabei konnten auch Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Rissverhalten und dem Temperatureinfluss herausgestellt werden. Nachfolgend wird über wesentliche Erkenntnisse dieses Untersuchungsprogramms berichtet.
Risk at the implementation of construction projects / Das Risiko in der Bauprojektabwicklung aus Sicht des Planers
Authors: John Max 
Published: December 2014

AbstractVarious risks face the implementation of construction projects, which all have an effect on construction costs. The worst risk comes from unforeseen events, which cannot be quantified. Other factors are also difficult to determine. The article deals with external and internal risks in the course of the implementation of construction projects as well as contractual risks from the point of view of the consultant.Bei der Abwicklung von Bauprojekten bestehen unterschiedliche Risiken, die sich alle auf die Baukosten auswirken. Das größte Risiko besteht im Unvorhersehbaren, das quantitativ nicht ermittelt werden kann. Auch andere Einflussgrößen lassen sich nicht oder nur schwer erfassen. Der Beitrag behandelt die externe und interne Risiken in der Projektabwicklung sowie bauvertragliche Risiken aus Planersicht.
Composition of fatty acids in virgin olive oils from cross breeding segregating populations by gas chromatography separation with flame ionization detection
Authors: Sánchez de Medina Verónica , El Riachy Milad , Priego‐Capote Feliciano , Luque de Castro María Dolores 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecent technological advances to improve the quality of virgin olive oil (VOO) have been focused on olive breeding programs by selecting outstanding cultivars and target progenies. Fatty acid (FA) composition, with special emphasis on oleic acid (C18:1) and palmitic acid (C16:0), is one of the most critical quality factors to be evaluated in VOO. For this reason, the profile of FAs is frequently used as a decision tool in olive breeding programs.RESULTSA method based on gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC‐FID) was used to study the influence of genotype on the concentration of ten of the most important FAs in VOOs from target crosses Arbequina × Arbosana, Picual × Koroneiki and Sikitita × Arbosana and their corresponding genitors Arbequina, Arbosana, Koroneiki, Picual and Sikitita. For this purpose, a targeted approach was selected for determination of esterified FAs (EFAs) and non‐esterified FAs (NEFAs) in a dual analysis by the same chromatographic method. A Pearson analysis revealed correlations between pairs of FAs, which allowed detecting metabolic connections through desaturation and elongation enzymes. An ANOVA test (with P < 0.01) led to identification of C16:0 EFA, C16:1 EFA and C18:1 EFA and also C16:1 NEFA and C18:0 NEFA as the FAs more influenced by cross breeding. Statistical analysis was carried out by unsupervised analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) to look for variability sources.CONCLUSIONCrosses with a common genitor (Arbequina × Arbosana and Sikitita × Arbosana) were partially overlapped in the PCAs using the profile of FAs. The CA results revealed clear differences between Sikitita × Arbosana and Picual × Koroneiki crosses in the composition of the most significant FAs, while Arbequina × Arbosana was not properly discriminated from the other crosses. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
AmgRS‐mediated envelope stress‐inducible expression of the mexXY multidrug efflux operon of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Lau Calvin Ho‐Fung , Krahn Thomas , Gilmour Christie , Mullen Erin , Poole Keith 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAmgRS is an envelope stress‐responsive two‐component system and aminoglycoside resistance determinant in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that is proposed to protect cells from membrane damage caused by aminoglycoside‐generated mistranslated polypeptides. Consistent with this, a ΔamgR strain showed increased aminoglycoside‐promoted membrane damage, damage that was largely absent in AmgRS‐activated amgS‐mutant strains. Intriguingly, one such mutation, V121G, while providing for enhanced resistance to aminoglycosides, rendered P. aeruginosa susceptible to several ribosome‐targeting nonaminoglycoside antimicrobials that are inducers and presumed substrates of the MexXY‐OprM multidrug efflux system. Surprisingly, the amgSV121G mutation increased mexXY expression threefold, suggesting that export of these nonaminoglycosides was compromised in the amgSV121G mutant. Nonetheless, a link was established between AmgRS activation and mexXY expression and this was confirmed in studies showing that aminoglycoside‐promoted mexXY expression is dependent on AmgRS. While nonaminoglycosides also induced mexXY expression, this was not AmgRS‐dependent, consistent with these agents not generating mistranslated polypeptides and not activating AmgRS. The aminoglycoside inducibility of mexXY was abrogated in a mutant lacking the AmgRS target genes htpX and PA5528, encoding a presumed cytoplasmic membrane‐associated protease and a membrane protein of unknown function, respectively. Thus, aminoglycoside induction of mexXY is a response to membrane damage and activation of the AmgRS two‐component system.
FDG PET/CT: EANM procedure guidelines for tumour imaging: version 2.0
Authors: Boellaard Ronald , Delgado-Bolton Roberto , Oyen Wim J. G. , Giammarile Francesco , Tatsch Klaus , Eschner Wolfgang , Verzijlbergen Fred J. , Barrington Sally F. , Pike Lucy C. , Weber Wolfgang A. , Stroobants Sigrid , Delbeke Dominique , Donohoe Kevin J. , Holbrook Scott , Graham Michael M. , Testanera Giorgio , Hoekstra Otto S. , Zijlstra Josee , Visser Eric , Hoekstra Corneline J. , Pruim Jan , Willemsen Antoon , Arends Bertjan , Kotzerke Jörg , Bockisch Andreas , Beyer Thomas , Chiti Arturo , Krause Bernd J. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The purpose of these guidelines is to assist physicians in recommending, performing, interpreting and reporting the results of FDG PET/CT for oncological imaging of adult patients. PET is a quantitative imaging technique and therefore requires a common quality control (QC)/quality assurance (QA) procedure to maintain the accuracy and precision of quantitation. Repeatability and reproducibility are two essential requirements for any quantitative measurement and/or imaging biomarker. Repeatability relates to the uncertainty in obtaining the same result in the same patient when he or she is examined more than once on the same system. However, imaging biomarkers should also have adequate reproducibility, i.e. the ability to yield the same result in the same patient when that patient is examined on different systems and at different imaging sites. Adequate repeatability and reproducibility are essential for the clinical management of patients and the use of FDG PET/CT within multicentre trials. A common standardised imaging procedure will help promote the appropriate use of FDG PET/CT imaging and increase the value of publications and, therefore, their contribution to evidence-based medicine. Moreover, consistency in numerical values between platforms and institutes that acquire the data will potentially enhance the role of semiquantitative and quantitative image interpretation. Precision and accuracy are additionally important as FDG PET/CT is used to evaluate tumour response as well as for diagnosis, prognosis and staging. Therefore both the previous and these new guidelines specifically aim to achieve standardised uptake value harmonisation in multicentre settings.
Plasmalogens and fatty alcohols in rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata and Sjögren‐Larsson syndrome
Authors: Malheiro Ana R. , da Silva Tiago Ferreira , Brites Pedro 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPlasmalogens are a special class of ether‐phospholipids, best recognized by their vinyl‐ether bond at the sn‐1 position of the glycerobackbone and by the observation that their deficiency causes rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). The complex plasmalogen biosynthetic pathway involves multiple enzymatic steps carried‐out in peroxisomes and in the endoplasmic reticulum. The rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of plasmalogens resides in the formation of the fatty alcohol responsible for the formation of an intermediate with an alkyl‐linked moiety. The regulation in the biosynthesis of plasmalogens also takes place at this step using a feedback mechanism to stimulate or inhibit the biosynthesis. As such, fatty alcohols play a relevant role in the formation of ether‐phospholipids. These advances in our understanding of complex lipid biosynthesis brought two seemingly distinct disorders into the spotlight. Sjögren‐Larsson syndrome (SLS) is caused by defects in the microsomal fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH) leading to the accumulation of fatty alcohols and fatty aldehydes. In RCDP cells, the defect in plasmalogens is thought to generate a feedback signal to increase their biosynthesis, through the activity of fatty acid reductases to produce fatty alcohols. However, the enzymatic defects in either glyceronephosphate O‐acyltransferase (GNPAT) or alkylglycerone phosphate synthase (AGPS) disrupt the biosynthesis and result in the accumulation of the fatty alcohols. A detailed characterization on the processes and enzymes that govern these intricate biosynthetic pathways, as well as, the metabolic characterization of defects along the pathway should increase our understanding of the causes and mechanisms behind these disorders.
Radionuclide monitoring in foodstuff: overview of the current implementation in the EU countries
Authors: Máté Borbála , Sobiech-Matura Katarzyna , Altzitzoglou Timotheos 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The Member States (MS) of the European Union (EU) are obliged to monitor the radioactivity in the environment since the signature of the Euratom Treaty (Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community). Numerous secondary legislations derived from the Treaty can be found stating restrictions and maximum permitted levels of radionuclides in foodstuff. But to that purpose, no common integrated measurement methods are used with well-defined measurands. The present work consists of two parts. First, the current European regulations in force were collected, and then the food monitoring results, provided by the MS, were analysed.
Menstrual restoration in severe panhypopituitarism many years after cranial irradiation for suprasellar germinoma
Authors: Ito Masanobu , Iwamoto Ichiro , Hirano Hirofumi , Douchi Tsutomu 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPurposeWe report a very rare case showing menstrual restoration in severe pan‐hypopituitarism many years after cranial irradiation for suprasellar germinoma.CaseA 30‐year‐old, almost primarily amenorrheic woman with severe panhypopituitarism presented with cyclic genital bleeding for the previous five months. She had menstruated once, when she was 13 years old. When she was 14 years old, she was diagnosed with a suprasellar germinoma measuring 10 mm in diameter, which led to diabetes insipidus. Cranial irradiation with a total dose of 24 Gy and chemotherapy resulted in complete tumor remission. She developed severe hypopituitarism [luteinizing hormone (LH) = 0.4 mIU/mL, follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) = 1.7 mIU/mL, and serum estradiol (E2) level < 10 pg/mL]. She had received multiple hormone replacement therapies for many years. When she was 29 years old, she expressed a desire to become pregnant. Serum gonadotropin and E2 levels increased (LH = 5.8 mIU/mL, FSH = 5.9 mIU/mL, and E2 = 58 pg/mL). She conceived with clomiphene therapy, and then delivered a healthy baby. Eight months after parturition, her basal body temperature and serum progesterone levels indicated recovery of ovulatory cycles. Ten months after parturition, she also spontaneously conceived.ConclusionMenstrual restoration is very rare in severe panhypopituitarism after cranial irradiation. A relatively low dose of irradiation and small tumor size may have contributed to the recovery of menstruation in our patient.
What matters in the relationship between mentoring and job-related stress? The moderating effects of protégés’ traditionality and trust in mentor
Authors: Qian Jing , Lin XiaoSong , Han Zhuo R , Chen Zhen X , Hays Jay M 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMentoring received by protégés has been shown to play an important role in relieving protégés’ job-related stress. However, literature on the relationship between mentoring and job-related stress has yielded mixed and inconclusive results. Our research seeks to reconcile the conflicting implications by examining protégés’ individual traditionality and trust in mentor as moderators on the relationship between mentoring and job-related stress. We tested the hypotheses with data from a sample of 210 protégés from a large company in China. Results of our two-way and three-way interaction effect tests revealed that: (1) traditionality moderated the negative relationship between mentoring and job-related stress in such a way that the relationship was stronger for protégés with higher rather than lower traditionality; (2) the influence that mentoring had on job-related stress was strongest for protégés with both high traditionality and a high level of trust in mentor.
Sacred activism through seva and khidmat: Contextualising management and organisations in South Asia
Authors: Pio Edwina , Syed Jawad 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWhat if our actions were imbued with the sacred? What if activism in organisations evokes better local society and responsible global community? What if sacred activism signals the performance of a deeper understanding and mindful actions for contextualising management and organisations in South Asia? These are some of the questions we pose to scholars and practitioners as we seek to present the multiplexities and singularities that epitomise South Asia. We address the braided realities and opportunities presented by religion, culture, ethnicity, gender and governance to contextualise organisations and management among the 1.67 billion people who constitute South Asia. We calligraph our interpretations and future possibilities based on historical traditions and extant data, mindful that some parts of this vast region are grappling with religious radicalisation, East–West tensions, underdevelopment, low literacy rates, violence against women, and international debts and handouts. This heterogeneous region also has a major BRICS country (i.e., India), provides CEOs to the world, scientists to NASA, outsourcing facilities to global corporations, has a young population, a huge middle class, and is actively participating in mergers and acquisitions in the global corridors of commerce. Our poignant hope is to inform and suggest possibilities for constructing enriching engagements and research in this region.
Replacing the family? Beguinages in early modern western European cities: an analysis of the family networks of beguines living in Mechelen (1532–1591)
Authors: OVERLAET KIM 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIn many early modern towns of the southern Low Countries, beguinages gave adult single women of all ages the possibility to lead a religious life of contemplation in a secure setting, retaining rights to their property and not having to take permanent vows. This paper re-examines the family networks of these women by means of a micro-study of the wills left by beguines who lived in the Great Beguinage of St Catherine in sixteenth-century Mechelen, a middle-sized city in the Low Countries. By doing so, this research seeks to add nuance to a historiography that has tended to consider beguinages as artificial families, presumably during a period associated with the increasing dominance of the nuclear family and the unravelling ties of extended family.
Housing the ‘decayed members’ of the middle classes: social class and St Scholastica's Retreat, 1861–1901
Authors: MANGION CARMEN M. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis study of St Scholastica's Retreat offers an opportunity to examine a charity for the middle classes and the horizontal relationship between middle-class benefactors and recipients that did not appear to stigmatise middle-class recipients of charity. Middle-class inhabitants accessed a mix of resources, from personal resources, kinship relationships, friendship and charitable networks, as part of a ‘mixed economy of welfare’ so often discussed by welfare historians in Britain. Their ‘choices’ were limited but their personal networks enabled them to maintain their middle-class identities. This research not also demonstrates the flexibility of almshouse accommodation but also the meanings inherent in the domestic space that emphasised middle-class respectability.
Morphological and Chemical Comparative Analysis of The Human and Bovine Dentin–Adhesive Layer
Authors: Silva Soares Luís Eduardo , do Espírito Santo Ana Maria 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMicro energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (µ-EDXRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to evaluate dentin treated with an etch and rinse adhesive (ER) and a self-etch adhesive (SE). Ten human molars (H) and ten bovine anterior teeth (B) were prepared (exposure of dentin and divided in the middle) and allocated into two different adhesion strategy groups per substrate (n=40).µ-EDXRF data and SEM images were obtained before and after treatment. Untreated dentin of both substrates did not differ in terms of Ca (p<0.1503), P (p<0.2986) or Ca/P ratio (p<0.1400). H-SE and B-SE specimens showed reduced P content (p<0.0001;p<0.0002), while H-ER and B-ER specimens showed reduced Ca and P content (p<0.0001;p<0.0001) when compared with untreated specimens. The Ca/P ratio was significantly higher in H-ER and B-ER specimens than in H-SE and B-SE specimens (p<0.0001;p<0.0080). Untreated dentin showed a homogeneous elemental distribution. However, after adhesive treatments, the surface of the dentin showed an irregular demineralization pattern. The resin tags and adhesive layer were shorter in bovine specimens than in human specimens due to morphological differences.