bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model predictive-based DNN control model for automated steering deployed on FPGA using an automatic IP generator tool
Authors: Reda Ahmad , Bouzid Afulay Ahmed , Zghaibe Alhasan , Drótos Daniel , József Vásárhelyi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWith the increase in the non-linearity and complexity of the driving system’s environment, developing and optimizing related applications is becoming more crucial and remains an open challenge for researchers and automotive companies alike. Model predictive control (MPC) is a well-known classic control strategy used to solve online optimization problems. MPC is computationally expensive and resource-consuming. Recently, machine learning has become an effective alternative to classical control systems. This paper provides a developed deep neural network (DNN)-based control strategy for automated steering deployed on FPGA. The DNN model was designed and trained based on the behavior of the traditional MPC controller. The performance of the DNN model is evaluated compared to the performance of the designed MPC which already proved its merit in automated driving task. A new automatic intellectual property generator based on the Xilinx system generator (XSG) has been developed, not only to perform the deployment but also to optimize it. The performance was evaluated based on the ability of the controllers to drive the lateral deviation and yaw angle of the vehicle to be as close as possible to zero. The DNN model was implemented on FPGA using two different data types, fixed-point and floating-point, in order to evaluate the efficiency in the terms of performance and resource consumption. The obtained results show that the suggested DNN model provided a satisfactory performance and successfully imitated the behavior of the traditional MPC with a very small root mean square error (RMSE = 0.011228 rad). Additionally, the results show that the deployments using fixed-point data greatly reduced resource consumption compared to the floating-point data type while maintaining satisfactory performance and meeting the safety conditions
Carica Papaya leaf-infused metal oxide nanocomposite: a green approach towards water treatment and antibacterial applications
Authors: Aswini Rangayasami , Jothimani Kannupaiyan , Kannan Karthik , Pothu Ramyakrishna , Shanmugam Paramasivam , Boddula Rajender , Radwan Ahmed Bahgat , Periyasami Govindasami , Karthikeyan Perumal , Al-Qahtani Noora 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study successfully synthesized ZnO–CuO nanocomposite using the hydrothermal method with Carica papaya leaf extract. The incorporation of the leaf extract significantly enhanced the nanocomposite properties, a novel approach in scientific research. Characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transmission Infrared spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis, confirmed a cubic crystal structure with an average size of 22.37 nm. The Fourier Transmission Infrared spectrum revealed distinctive vibrations at 627, 661, and 751 cm−1 corresponding to ZnO–CuO nanocomposite corresponding to stretching and vibration modes. SEM images confirmed a cubic-like and irregular structure. The nanocomposite exhibited outstanding photocatalytic activity, degrading methylene blue dye by 96.73% within 120 min under visible light. Additionally, they showed significant antimicrobial activity, inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus (20 mm) and Klebsiella pneumonia (17 mm). The results highlight the efficiency of Carica papaya leaf-derived ZnO–CuO nanocomposite for environmental and health challenges.
Graphical abstract
App review driven collaborative bug finding
Authors: Tang Xunzhu , Tian Haoye , Kong Pingfan , Ezzini Saad , Liu Kui , Xia Xin , Klein Jacques , Bissyandé Tegawendé F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSoftware development teams generally welcome any effort to expose bugs in their code base. In this work, we build on the hypothesis that mobile apps from the same category (e.g., two web browser apps) may be affected by similar bugs in their evolution process. It is therefore possible to transfer the experience of one historical app to quickly find bugs in its new counterparts. This has been referred to as collaborative bug finding in the literature. Our novelty is that we guide the bug finding process by considering that existing bugs have been hinted within app reviews. Concretely, we design the BugRMSys approach to recommend bug reports for a target app by matching historical bug reports from apps in the same category with user app reviews of the target app. We experimentally show that this approach enables us to quickly expose and report dozens of bugs for targeted apps such as Brave (web browser app). BugRMSys ’s implementation relies on DistilBERT to produce natural language text embeddings. Our pipeline considers similarities between bug reports and app reviews to identify relevant bugs. We then focus on the app review as well as potential reproduction steps in the historical bug report (from a same-category app) to reproduce the bugs. Overall, after applying BugRMSys to six popular apps, we were able to identify, reproduce and report 20 new bugs: among these, 9 reports have been already triaged, 6 were confirmed, and 4 have been fixed by official development teams.
Stress echocardiography in heart failure patients: additive value and caveats
Authors: Pastore Maria Concetta , Campora Alessandro , Mandoli Giulia Elena , Lisi Matteo , Benfari Giovanni , Ilardi Federica , Malagoli Alessandro , Sperlongano Simona , Henein Michael Y. , Cameli Matteo , D’Andrea Antonello ,   on behalf of the Echocardiography Working Group of the Italian Society of Cardiology (SIC)
Published: July 2024

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by well-defined signs and symptoms due to structural and/or myocardial functional impairment, resulting in raised intracardiac pressures and/or inadequate cardiac stroke volume at rest or during exercise. This could derive from direct ischemic myocardial injury or other chronic pathological conditions, including valvular heart disease (VHD) and primary myocardial disease. Early identification of HF etiology is essential for accurate diagnosis and initiation of early and appropriate treatment. Thus, the presence of accurate means for early diagnosis of HF symptoms or subclinical phases is fundamental, among which echocardiography being the first line diagnostic investigation. Echocardiography could be performed at rest, to identify overt structural and functional abnormalities or during physical or pharmacological stress, in order to elicit subclinical myocardial function impairment e.g. wall motion abnormalities and raised ventricular filling pressures. Beyond diagnosis of ischemic heart disease, stress echocardiography (SE) has recently shown its unique value for the evaluation of diastolic heart failure, VHD, non-ischemic cardiomyopathies and pulmonary hypertension, with recommendations from international societies in several clinical settings. All these features make SE an important additional tool, not only for diagnostic assessment, but also for prognostic stratification and therapeutic management of patients with HF. In this review, the unique value of SE in the evaluation of HF patients will be described, with the objective to provide an overview of the validated methods for each setting, particularly for HF management.
The host behaviour of 9-phenyl-9 H-xanthene derivatives in mixtures of cyclohexanone and the methylcyclohexanone isomers
Authors: Barnardo Brandon , Barton Benita , Hosten Eric C 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHere we report on the host behaviour of compounds N, N’-bis(9-phenyl-9-xanthenyl)propane-1,3-diamine (H1) and N, N’-bis(9-phenyl-9-xanthenyl)butane-1,4-diamine (H2) in the presence of potential guest species cyclohexanone (CYC) and 2-, 3- and 4-methylcyclohexanone (2MeCYC, 3MeCYC and 4MeCYC). H1 only formed a complex with CYC, whilst all four guest solvents were enclathrated by H2. Thermal analyses in conjunction with SCXRD experiments revealed that more energy was required to remove guest species from the crystals of their complexes when they were housed in discrete cavities compared with guest molecules retained in channels. Only in H1·CYC was identified an intramolecular (host)N‒H···N(host) hydrogen bond, while complexes H2·2(CYC), H2·2(3MeCYC) and H2·4MeCYC all experienced strong (host)N‒H···O(guest) hydrogen bonds which assisted in retention of the guests in the complexes; this interaction type was absent in both H1·CYC and H2·2(2MeCYC). Hirshfeld surface analyses demonstrated that the amounts of (guest)O···H(host) interatomic interactions were comparable and ranged between 11.1 and 13.9%. Guest competition experiments showed that H2 possessed an affinity for, more usually, 3MeCYC, despite the complex H2·2(3MeCYC) being the least thermally stable one. Finally, it was established that H1 and H2 would not be appropriate host compounds for separations of mixed cyclohexanones through supramolecular chemistry strategies.
CEO partisan bias and management earnings forecast bias
Authors: Stuart Michael D. , Wang Jing , Willis Richard H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearch concludes that managers’ political orientation influences their decision-making and offers the political connections and risk tolerance hypotheses as explanations. We investigate partisan bias as an additional way political orientation may influence managers’ decisions. Partisan bias results in individuals whose partisan orientation aligns with that of the US president expressing more optimistic economic expectations. We examine whether partisan bias is present in managers’ annual earnings forecasts. We find that firms with CEOs whose partisanship aligns with that of the US president issue more optimistically biased annual earnings forecasts than firms with other CEOs. Higher-ability CEOs, however, are less susceptible to partisan bias. Additionally, we find that overestimating customer demand contributes to the forecast over-optimism of partisan-aligned CEOs and results in greater firm overinvestment. Furthermore, investors fail to discount the news in forecasts of partisan-aligned CEOs, and their firms’ post-forecast abnormal returns are lower.
More than just principles: revisiting epistemic systems
Authors: Veigl Sophie Juliane 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEpistemic relativism rests on the existence of a plurality of epistemic systems. There is, however, no consensus on what epistemic systems actually are. Critics argue that epistemic relativism fails because its proponents cannot convincingly show the possibility of two mutually exclusive epistemic systems. Their accounts of epistemic systems are, however, highly idealized, conceptualizing them as sets of epistemic principles exclusively. But epistemic systems are necessarily inhabited by epistemic agents who negotiate these principles. Focusing on epistemic principles exclusively thus might abstract away too much from the actual dynamics within epistemic systems. Drawing from the sociology of scientific knowledge and the distinction between sociolect and idiolect in the philosophy of language, I aim to provide a richer account of epistemic systems and show that current arguments against epistemic relativism fail because they rest on an unrealistic conceptualization of epistemic systems.
In-Situ Observation of Ice-Adhesion Interface Under Tangential Loading: Anti-Icing Mechanism of Hydrophilic PPEGMA Polymer Brush
Authors: Okubo Hikaru , Hase Kento , Tamamoto Ken , Tsujii Yoshinobu , Nakano Ken 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTechniques preventing icing and ice accumulation on surfaces are required to solve snow- and ice-induced accidents and disasters. Recently, hydrophilic polymers have attracted attention as a passive anti-icing method. This study examined the ice-adhesion properties of the hydrophilic poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (PPEGMA) concentrated polymer brush (CPB). A custom-built apparatus was developed to obtain the ice-adhesion strength and visualize the dynamics of the ice-adhesion interface under tangential loading. The ice-adhesion interface for a PPEGMA-CPB-coated glass substrate was investigated by comparing it with the bare glass substrate. As a result, the CPB exhibited a low ice-adhesion strength of less than 100 kPa, the dependencies of which on the drive speed and temperature indicate a high-viscous liquid-like layer at the interface, even below the melting point of water, leading to the smooth onset of sliding due to its self-lubricity without any rupture events (including precursory events) observed for the bare glass.
Caballero–Engel meet Lasry–Lions: A uniqueness result
Authors: Alvarez Fernando , Lippi Francesco , Souganidis Panagiotis 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn a Mean Field Game (MFG) each decision maker cares about the cross sectional distribution of the state and the dynamics of the distribution is generated by the agents’ optimal decisions. We prove the uniqueness of the equilibrium in a class of MFG where the decision maker controls the state at optimally chosen times. This setup accommodates several problems featuring non-convex adjustment costs, and complements the well known drift-control case studied by Lasry–Lions. Examples of such problems are described by Caballero and Engel in several papers, which introduce the concept of the generalized hazard function of adjustment. We extend the analysis to a general “impulse control problem” by introducing the concept of the “Impulse Hamiltonian”. Under the monotonicity assumption (a form of strategic substitutability), we establish the uniqueness of equilibrium. In this context, the Impulse Hamiltonian and its derivative play a similar role to the classical Hamiltonian that arises in the drift-control case.
Unveiling the impact of temperature inversions on air quality: a comprehensive analysis of polluted and severe polluted days in Istanbul
Authors: Yavuz Veli 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The main reason that deteriorates air quality in mega cities is the increase in concentrations of air pollutant parameters. Meteorological parameters and atmospheric conditions play an important role in the increase of pollutant concentrations. This study provides insights into temperature inversions (TIs) during polluted days (PDs) and severe polluted days (SPDs) in Istanbul. Key findings include higher inversion frequencies during SPDs, particularly at 0000 UTC, along with a positive relationship between inversion frequencies and pollutant concentrations, notably with a 99% occurrence of inversions at 0000 UTC along SPDs. Analysis of inversion subgroups reveals surface-based inversions (SBIs) dominating at 0000 UTC, while elevated (EIs) and lower-troposphere inversions (LTIs) prevail at 1200 UTC. Winter months exhibit increased frequency and intensity of SBIs, aligning with expectations of subsidence motion under high-pressure systems. Inversion strengths and depths are higher during SPDs, with the highest strengths observed in winter at 0000 UTC and the deepest inversions occurring in winter for SPDs. Generally, the highest inversion strengths and shallowest inversion depths were observed in SBIs. EIs had the lowest frequency during the winter months, while LTIs occurred more often in the spring months. These findings underscore the importance of understanding TI patterns for effective air quality management in Istanbul.
Sufficiency policy: a definition, conceptual framework, and application to municipalities
Authors: Iten Tonja , Seidl Irmi , Pütz Marco 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCompared to the prevailing sustainability strategies of efficiency and consistency, sufficiency is poorly represented both in scientific literature and in political debate but has increasingly gained attention in recent years. However, the discussion lacks a uniform understanding on sufficiency policy and how to conceptualize it. Furthermore, the sufficiency scholarship neglects the role of municipalities in realizing sufficiency policies. This article, thus, examines three questions: how is sufficiency policy understood in the literature? How can sufficiency policy be conceptualized? And what does sufficiency policy mean at the municipal level? In the course of a systematic literature review, we determine a sample of 111 publications on sufficiency policy and identify an ecological, social, and action-oriented dimension of sufficiency understanding. After discussing sufficiency as policy, we synthesize our findings with a definition and conceptual framework of sufficiency policy. Last, we apply the framework at the municipal level and compile a total of 198 municipal sufficiency policy measures. We find that municipalities have numerous levers to pursue sufficiency policy, both in terms of instruments and sectors. The article presents—to our knowledge—the first systematic literature review on sufficiency policy. It advances our understanding of sufficiency as policy in general and at municipal level in particular. The conceptual framework offers a departure point for further empirical research on (municipal) sufficiency policy.
Consideration of Sustainability When Approving Human Medical Research—A Scoping Review
Authors: Skapetis Tony , Nicholl Bernadette , Hansen Kellie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article attempts to highlight the importance of including research sustainability as imperative when assessing human medical research in terms of ethical principles. Using a scoping review of recent literature, the complexity of research sustainability is highlighted with key themes and concepts surrounding this important topic being recognized and discussed. An overall paucity of guidance documents was identified and recommendations have been made to practically address this deficiency. An example of a research sustainability evaluation tool which is currently being piloted has been provided for possible adaptation and use by Ethics Committees and Institutional Review Boards to bolster the concept and inclusion of sustainability during the research approval process.
Center Conditions for Nilpotent Singularities in the Plane Using Invariant Solutions
Authors: Giné Jaume 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecalling that at any regular point we always have a unique particular solution curve passing through it. In this work it is constructed such particular solution curve not passing through the nilpotent singularity but as close as we want to the singularity. By product the existence of such particular curve allows to use it to determine necessary conditions to have a center for nilpotent singularities in the plane. Several involve methods to solve the center problem are known all based in the existence of a change of variables and a scaling transformation of time bringing any differential system with a nilpotent center into a time-reversible system. Here we present a new algebraic method based on the existence of such particular solution curve not passing through the singular point and the involution associated to the nilpotent system with a center. The algebraic method needs the computation of this particular curve up to certain order, which can be done with the help of an algebraic manipulator. Finally a new algebraic method is derived computing the vanishing of a unique function which really gives a scalar method for computing the necessary conditions.
Nurse-led medication management as a critical component of transitional care for preventing drug-related problems
Authors: Han Yingting , Chen Jia , Xu Yulei , Huang Peihua , Hou Lili 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDrug-related problems (DRPs) are critical medical issues during transition from hospital to home with high prevalence. The application of a variety of interventional strategies as part of the transitional care has been studied for preventing DRPs. However, it remains challenging for minimizing DRPs in patients, especially in older adults and those with high risk of medication discrepancies after hospital discharge. In this narrative review, we demonstrated that age, specific medications and polypharmacy, as well as some patient-related and system-related factors all contribute to a higher prevalence of transitional DPRs, most of which could be largely prevented by enhancing nurse-led multidisciplinary medication reconciliation. Nurses’ contributions during transitional period for preventing DRPs include information collection and evaluation, communication and education, enhancement of medication adherence, as well as coordination among healthcare professionals. We concluded that nurse-led strategies for medication management can be implemented to prevent or solve DRPs during the high-risk transitional period, and subsequently improve patients’ satisfaction and health-related outcomes, prevent the unnecessary loss and waste of medical expenditure and resources, and increase the efficiency of the multidisciplinary teamwork during transitional care.
Projective span of Wall manifolds
Authors: Grant Mark , Schutte Baylee 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe projective span of a smooth manifold is defined to be the maximal number of linearly independent tangent line fields. We initiate a study of projective span, highlighting its relationship with the span, a more classical invariant. We calculate the projective span for all Wall manifolds, which are certain mapping tori of Dold manifolds.
Assisted dying in Swedish healthcare: a qualitative analysis of physicians’ reasoning about physician-assisted suicide
Authors: Lindblad Anna , Juth Niklas , Engström Ingemar , Sandlund Mikael , Lynøe Niels 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo explore Swedish physicians’ arguments and values for and against physician-assisted suicide (PAS) extracted from the free-text comments in a postal survey. A random selection of approximately 240 physicians from each of the following specialties: general practice, geriatrics, internal medicine, oncology, surgery and psychiatry. All 123 palliative care physicians in Sweden. A qualitative content analysis of free-text comments in a postal questionnaire commissioned by the Swedish Medical Society in collaboration with the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm. The total response rate was 59.2%. Of the 933 respondents, 1107 comments were provided. The free-text comments entailed both normative and factual arguments for and against PAS. The analysis resulted in two main categories: (1) “Safe implementation of PAS is unachievable” (with subcategories “Criteria of PAS difficult to fulfil” and “PAS puts societal norms and values at risk”) and (2) “The role of PAS in healthcare” (with subcategories “No medical need for PAS”, “PAS is not a task for physicians”, “No ethical difference to other end-of-life decisions” and “PAS is in the patient’s best interest”). The respondents brought up well-known arguments from academic and public debate on the subject. Comments from physicians against PAS were more often emotionally charged and used devices like dysphemisms and slippery-slope arguments.