bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knee Contact Force Asymmetries in Patients Who Failed Return-to-Sport Readiness Criteria 6 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Gardinier Emily S. , Di Stasi Stephanie , Manal Kurt , Buchanan Thomas S. , Snyder-Mackler Lynn 
Published: October 2014

Background: After anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, contact forces are decreased in the injured knee when compared with the uninjured knee. The persistence of contact force asymmetries after ACL reconstruction may increase the risk of reinjury and may play an important role in the development of knee osteoarthritis in these patients. Functional performance may also be useful in identifying patients who demonstrate potentially harmful joint contact force asymmetries after ACL reconstruction. Hypothesis: Knee joint contact force asymmetries would be present during gait after ACL reconstruction, and performance on a specific set of validated return-to-sport (RTS) readiness criteria would discriminate between those who demonstrated contact force asymmetries and those who did not. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 29 patients with ACL ruptures participated in gait analysis and RTS readiness testing 6 months after reconstruction. Muscle and joint contact forces were estimated using an electromyography (EMG)–driven musculoskeletal model of the knee. The magnitude of typical limb asymmetry in uninjured controls was used to define limits of meaningful limb asymmetry in patients after ACL reconstruction. The RTS testing included isometric quadriceps strength testing, 4 unilateral hop tests, and 2 self-report questionnaires. Paired t tests were used to assess limb symmetry for peak medial and tibiofemoral contact forces in all patients, and a mixed-design analysis of variance was used to analyze the effect of passing or failing RTS testing on contact force asymmetry. Results: Among all patients, neither statistically significant nor meaningful contact force asymmetries were identified. However, patients who failed RTS testing exhibited meaningful contact force asymmetries, with tibiofemoral contact force being significantly lower for the involved knee. Conversely, patients who passed RTS testing exhibited neither significant nor meaningful contact force asymmetries. Conclusion: Joint contact force asymmetries during gait are present in some patients 6 months after ACL reconstruction. Patients who demonstrated poor functional performance on RTS readiness testing exhibited significant and meaningful contact force asymmetries. Clinical Relevance: When assessing all patients together, variability in the functional status obscured significant and meaningful differences in contact force asymmetry in patients 6 months after ACL reconstruction. These specific RTS readiness criteria appear to differentiate between those who demonstrate joint contact force symmetry after ACL reconstruction and those who do not.
Antimalarials in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: a registry-based cohort study in Denmark
Authors: Nørgaard J C , Stengaard-Pedersen K , Nørgaard M , de Thurah A 
Published: October 2014

Background Evidence-based international guidelines for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) recommend treatment with antimalarials (AMs) for all patients with SLE irrespective of disease activity. Only a few studies have investigated the use of AMs among newly diagnosed patients with SLE. Objectives The objective of this paper is to analyze prescription patterns of AMs in newly diagnosed SLE patients in Denmark from 2000 to 2011. Methods Using the Danish Prescription Register (DNPR), we conducted a nationwide cohort study including all patients with a first-time diagnosis of SLE (the Danish National Registry of Patients (NPR)). We used Kaplan-Meier estimates to compute the cumulative probability of starting AM treatment within a year and Cox regression analysis to compare time to treatment between patient groups. Results AMs were prescribed to 37.7% of the newly diagnosed SLE patients within the first year of follow-up. Approximately 20% did not receive any medical treatment. Women were more likely than men to start AM (adjusted HR of 1.28 (95% CI 1.08–1.52)). Patients diagnosed with SLE between 2005 and 2011 were more likely to start treatment than patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2004 (HR of 1.21 (95% CI 1.07–1.36)). Patients with renal disease were less likely to start AM treatment than patients without this condition (adjusted HR of 0.50 (95% CI 0.36–0.68)). Current users of corticosteroids were more likely to start AM treatment than non-users (adjusted HR 1.81 (95% CI 1.59–2.06)). Conclusion Time to start of AM treatment following SLE diagnosis could be further reduced, especially among patients with renal disease. However, our results showed that treatment practice in recent years has changed toward initiating AM treatment earlier.
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and anti-ribosomal-P autoantibodies contribute to cognitive dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Massardo L , Bravo-Zehnder M , Calderón J , Flores P , Padilla O , Aguirre J M , Scoriels L , González A 
Published: October 2014

Objective Autoantibodies against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) and ribosomal-P (anti-P) antigens are potential pathogenic factors in the frequently observed diffuse brain dysfunctions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although studies have been conducted in this area, the role of anti-NMDAR antibodies in SLE cognitive dysfunction remains elusive. Moreover, the specific contribution of anti-P antibodies has not been reported yet. The present study attempts to clarify the contribution of anti-NMDAR and anti-P antibodies to cognitive dysfunction in SLE. Methods The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) was used to assess a wide range of cognitive function areas in 133 Chilean women with SLE. ANCOVA models included autoantibodies, patient and disease features. Results Cognitive deficit was found in 20%. Higher SLEDAI-2K scores were associated with impairment in spatial memory and learning abilities, whereas both anti-NMDAR and anti-P antibodies contributed to deficits in attention and spatial planning abilities, which reflect fronto-parietal cortex dysfunctions. Conclusions These results reveal an association of active disease together with specific circulating autoantibodies, such as anti-NMDAR and anti-P, with cognitive dysfunction in SLE patients.
Psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder
Authors: Beatson Josephine , Rao Sathya 
Published: October 2014

Objective: This paper aims to provide a succinct overview of the factors common to empirically validated psychotherapies for borderline personality disorder (BPD), including the treatment structure required. Conclusion: Individual psychotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment for BPD. Factors common to empirically validated modalities of therapeutic treatment have been identified. These need to be provided within an individualised and structured treatment framework. Improved outcome of treatment for BPD can then be achieved.
Examination of the Effects of Thiamine and Thiamine Pyrophosphate on Doxorubicin-Induced Experimental Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Polat B. , Suleyman Halis , Sener E. , Akcay F. 
Published: October 2014

Background and Purpose: To investigate the effect of thiamine and thiamine pyrophosphate on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity biochemically and histopathologically and to examine whether doxorubicin cardiotoxicity is related to the conversion of thiamine into thiamine pyrophosphate and inhibition of thiamine pyrophosphokinase (TPK) enzyme. Experimental Approach: A total of 48 Albino Wistar male rats were used. Rats were divided into groups as thiamine + doxorubicin (TIA + DOX), thiamine pyrophosphate + doxorubicin (TPP + DOX), DOX, and healthy (HEA) groups. One hour after the administration of thiamine and TPP in 25 mg/kg doses, 5 mg/kg doxorubicin were injected to all groups except HEA group during 7 days. Then, the samples were collected for biochemical (glutathione [GSH], malondialdehyde [MDA], DNA damage, creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB, and troponine I [TP-I]), molecular (TPK), and histopathological examinations. Key Results: Oxidant parameters (MDA and DNA damage) decreased and antioxidant parameter (GSH) increased in TPP + DOX group. In addition, levels of CK, CK-MB, and TP-I were low in the TPP + DOX group and high in the TIA + DOX and DOX groups. Cardiac tissue was protected in TPP + DOX group, and no protective effect was observed in TIA + DOX and DOX groups. Messenger RNA expression of TPK was decreased in DOX and TIA + DOX groups. Conclusion and Implications: The cardiotoxic effect of doxorubicin originated from the inhibition of TPK enzyme resulting in insufficient production of thiamine pyrophosphate.
Aspect acquisition in Russian as the weaker language: Evidence from a Turkish–Russian child
Authors: Antonova-Ünlü Elena , Wei Li 
Published: October 2014

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: This study aims to contribute to the discussion about the weaker language development by examining the effect of restricted input and use on the acquisition of the morphological category of aspect in Russian by a Turkish–Russian bilingual child in a Turkish-dominant environment. The main goal the study pursues is to investigate whether the reduced input and restricted use of Russian, mainly through communication with a Russian-speaking mother, is still sufficient for monolingual-like acquisition of Russian aspect. Design/methodology/approach: This study is a longitudinal case study. Data and analysis: The main source of data collection is video and audio recordings. Twenty-five recordings are available. They cover the period of between two years and 11 months (2;11) and 4;0. First, the data is examined in terms of the availability of perfective and imperfective forms and meanings they (these forms) express in the Russian language. Then, we look into whether the data of the bilingual child is marked with deviations from the monolingual Russian data in terms of error rates and patterns. Findings/conclusions: The findings of the study suggest that despite the reduced input, the acquisition of Russian aspect in the Turkish-dominant environment follows the same pattern as a monolingual acquisition does. Originality, and significance/implications: The study contributes to the discussion about the weaker language development in bilingual contexts and adds to the growing body of research looking at the development of a particular language in a variety of different contexts.
On-line relative clause attachment strategy in heritage speakers of Spanish
Authors: Jegerski Jill , Keating Gregory D. , VanPatten Bill 
Published: October 2014

Aims: Previous research on relative clause attachment has found that late Spanish–English bilinguals tend to parse both languages with a single strategy that is consistent with that of the language in which they are currently immersed. One recent investigation using an off-line measure has suggested that the same may not be true of early Spanish–English bilinguals, who did not show effects of greater exposure to English in the comprehension of ambiguous relative clauses (RCs). The present study sought to determine whether on-line RC attachment behavior in heritage Spanish was similarly unaffected by extensive exposure to English. Design: Forty-six monolinguals and 28 heritage speakers of Mexican Spanish participated in a self-paced reading experiment in which stimuli contained temporarily ambiguous relative clauses that were biased toward either high or low syntactic attachment. Data and analysis: Analysis of variance by subject and by item was performed on reading time data and on responses to post-stimulus comprehension questions. Findings: Statistical analyses revealed similar preferences for high attachment in Spanish among both monolinguals and heritage speakers. Originality: These results suggest that Spanish heritage speakers, as early bilinguals, may be less affected by ongoing exposure to English than the late bilinguals tested in prior studies. Significance: The outcome also suggests that, within Spanish as a heritage language, relative clause attachment may be unique compared to other aspects of sentence processing in that it shows little influence from English.
Legionella pneumophila cases in a community hospital: A 12-month retrospective review
Authors: Touray Sunkaru , Newstein Michael C , Lui Justin K , Harris Maureen , Knox Kim 
Published: October 2014

Background: Legionella pneumonia has long been recognized as an important cause of community-acquired pneumonia associated with significant morbidity and mortality; however, the description of the incidence of this disease is restricted to sporadic cases in the literature. With the advent of an inexpensive and rapid urine antigen test, routine testing has become more common. We report findings of a retrospective review of 266 patients who were admitted with a clinical diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia over a 12-month period and were tested for Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1, reporting the prevalence and determinants of Legionella infection. Methods: Chart reviews of 266 patients admitted for community-acquired pneumonia and who underwent urine antigen testing for Legionella pneumophila during a 1-year time period were conducted, looking at demographic information as well as clinical and laboratory presentation, reporting on the prevalence and determinants of urine antigen positivity using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 was found in 2.3% of cases of community-acquired pneumonia. We also found that altered mental status, diarrhea, history of lung disease, and alcohol intake were significantly associated with pneumonia associated with Legionella. The presence of these four factors had a low sensitivity in predicting Legionella infection (33%); however, they had a positive predictive value of 98%, with a specificity of 100. All the Legionella-infected patients in our study required admission to the intensive care unit, and one of them developed Guillain–Barré syndrome, which to our knowledge represents the only reported case of this syndrome related to Legionella infection in an adult in the English scientific literature. Conclusion: Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 is a common cause of sporadic cases of community-acquired pneumonia associated with a high morbidity and protean manifestations. Clinical features have a poor sensitivity in identifying cases, and routine urine antigen testing in patients with suggestive clinical symptoms appears to be a rational approach in the evaluation of community-acquired pneumonia.
Outcomes of a Hepatitis C Screening Protocol in At-Risk Adults With Prior Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Cox Daniel A. , Ginde Salil , Tweddell James S. , Earing Michael G. 
Published: October 2014

Background: Symptoms associated with hepatitis C infection often do not develop until an advanced stage of liver disease. Prior to 1992, reliable testing for hepatitis C was unavailable, resulting in potential patient exposure during cardiopulmonary bypass. As the hepatitis C prevalence in our center was unknown, a screening protocol for patients who underwent surgery prior to 1992 was developed. Methods: Patients evaluated in the Wisconsin Adult Congenital Heart Disease program who underwent surgery prior to 1992 were screened for hepatitis C as part of their initial clinical evaluation. The hepatitis C-positive patients were assessed for risk factors, level of hepatic involvement, whether they received treatment, and whether viral clearance was obtained. Results: A total of 147 patients (53% male) underwent testing. Seven (4.8%) patients had evidence of chronic hepatitis C infection, which is higher than the Wisconsin reported prevalence of 0.3%. Six of the seven patients had elevated liver enzymes at time of diagnosis. No relationship was found between hepatitis C infection and number of surgeries, year of surgery, or age at surgery. Four patients had hepatitis C genotype 1, but none achieved viral clearance despite three having received treatment. Three had genotype 2, were treated, and had viral clearance. No hepatitis C-positive patient developed cirrhosis or required liver transplant. Conclusion: Hepatitis C infection in patients with congenital heart disease who underwent surgical palliation prior to 1992 is common, with prevalence higher than the general population. Our data emphasize the continued importance of screening the high-risk adult congenital heart disease patients.
Effect of Preoperative Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Use on Hemodynamic Variables in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Ajuba-Iwuji Chinwe C. , Puttreddy Sahitya , Maxwell Bryan G. , Bembea Melania , Vricella Luca , Heitmiller Eugenie 
Published: October 2014

Background: Some have suggested that children undergoing cardiac surgery who receive angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors experience a greater degree of hypotension after anesthesia induction and in the immediate postcardiopulmonary bypass period than children who did not receive these drugs. Therefore, we examined the effect of ACE inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) therapy on intraoperative hemodynamics and vasopressor use in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: In a retrospective cohort study of patients younger than 18 years who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass between March 1, 2010, and April 1, 2011, we compared intraoperative hemodynamics and vasopressor use between patients who received preoperative ACE inhibitor/ARB therapy and those who did not. The primary outcome was vasoactive infusion score after cardiopulmonary bypass. Results: The occurrence of hypotension did not differ significantly between the ACE inhibitor/ARB group and the control group during induction of anesthesia or at any time point after cardiopulmonary bypass. At 0, 30, 60, and 90 minutes after cessation of cardiopulmonary bypass, patients on ACE inhibitor/ARB therapy tended to have a higher vasoactive infusion score (7.1, 7.6, 9.4, and 11.3) than patients in the control group (6.3, 6.1, 6.0, and 6.7). Although this difference became more pronounced over time, it did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: The use of preoperative ACE inhibitors and ARBs in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery did not significantly increase the incidence of hypotension after induction of anesthesia and did not increase significantly the vasoconstrictor requirements upon weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass; however, additional prospective studies are needed.
Central Venous Lines Are a Risk Factor for Chylothorax in Infants After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Borasino Santiago , Diaz Franco , Masri Kamal El , Dabal Robert J. , Alten Jeffrey A. 
Published: October 2014

Objective: Chylothorax complicates congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery and may be associated with significant morbidity. Etiology of chylothorax is multifactorial, and it has been associated with deep venous thrombosis and obstruction from central venous lines (CVLs) in patients without CHD. We sought to determine whether CVL insertion site was associated with the occurrence of chylothorax in infants after cardiac surgery. Design: Retrospective cohort of patients less than one year of age who underwent CHD surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass from 2008 to 2012. Chylothorax was identified by clinical diagnosis and/or laboratory findings (milky effusion, fluid with >100 mg/dL of triglycerides and/or >80% of lymphocytes). Central venous lines insertion site was verified by reviewing procedure notes and chest x-rays. Internal jugular (IJ), subclavian vein, and femoral vein (FV) CVLs were used during the study period. Results: Three hundred and ninety-two patients were included (mean age 97 days, mean weight 4.5 kg). Sixty-two (15.8%) of these patients developed chylothorax after surgery. Patients with chylothorax had longer bypass time ( P = .02), longer cross-clamp time ( P = .03), higher RACHS-1 category ( P = .03), and more frequent upper body CVLs (IJ or subclavian vein; P = .03). There was no significant association with age, gender, preoperative weight, and height. Multivariate analysis showed patients with a CVL in the upper body (IJ or subclavian vein) were almost two times more likely to develop a chylothorax than patients who had FV CVL, (odds ratio = 1.9, 95% confidence interval = 1.05-5.60; P = .044). Conclusion: Postoperative chylothorax is associated with line insertion in the upper body (subclavian vein and IJ). Avoidance of CVLs in these locations may decrease its incidence.
An antiapoptotic role for telomerase RNA in human immune cells independent of telomere integrity or telomerase enzymatic activity
Authors: Gazzaniga Francesca S. , Blackburn Elizabeth H. 
Published: October 2014

Key Points
Telomerase RNA component hTR, but not the core enzymatic protein component hTERT, protects T cells from apoptosis. hTR prevents dexamethasone-induced apoptosis specifically when in a telomerase enzymatically inactive state.
How I treat splanchnic vein thrombosis
Authors: Ageno Walter , Dentali Francesco , Squizzato Alessandro 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Antithrombotic treatment of splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) is a clinical challenge. Depending on the site of thrombosis, patients are at risk of developing liver insufficiency, portal hypertension, or bowel infarction and may experience recurrence in both the splanchnic veins and other vein segments. To prevent recurrence, anticoagulant therapy should be started as soon as possible after diagnosis and is often continued for an indefinite period of time. However, active bleeding is not infrequent at the time of SVT diagnosis, and major risk factors for bleeding, such as esophageal varices or a low platelet count, are frequently present in these patients. In real-world clinical practice, a proportion of SVT patients are left untreated because the risks associated with anticoagulant therapy are felt to exceed its benefits. However, the majority of patients receive anticoagulant drugs, with heterogeneous timing of initiation, drug choice, and dosages. Evidence to drive treatment decisions is limited because no randomized controlled trials have been carried out in these patients. This review provides practical guidance for the use of anticoagulant drugs in patients presenting with SVT, including symptomatic as well as incidentally detected events.
Single-agent GVHD prophylaxis with posttransplantation cyclophosphamide after myeloablative, HLA-matched BMT for AML, ALL, and MDS
Authors: Kanakry Christopher G. , Tsai Hua-Ling , Bolaños-Meade Javier , Smith B. Douglas , Gojo Ivana , Kanakry Jennifer A. , Kasamon Yvette L. , Gladstone Douglas E. , Matsui William , Borrello Ivan , Huff Carol Ann , Swinnen Lode J. , Powell Jonathan D. , Pratz Keith W. , DeZern Amy E. , Showel Margaret M. , McDevitt Michael A. , Brodsky Robert A. , Levis Mark J. , Ambinder Richard F. , Fuchs Ephraim J. , Rosner Gary L. , Jones Richard J. , Luznik Leo 
Published: October 2014

Key PointsPosttransplantation cyclophosphamide is effective as sole GVHD prophylaxis for myeloablative HLA-matched–related or –unrelated BMT. Despite low chronic GVHD with PTCy, relapse and survival are comparable with outcomes reported using other GVHD prophylactic approaches.
Common fixed points for a pair of mappings satisfying contractive conditions of integral type
Authors: Liu Zeqing , Zou Xiaochen , Kang Shin Min , Ume Jeong Sheok 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Four common fixed point theorems for a pair of weakly compatible mappings satisfying contractive conditions of integral type in metric spaces are proved. The existence result of bounded solutions for a system of functional equations arising in dynamic programming is discussed by using one of the common fixed point theorems obtained in this paper. An example is given to illustrate that our results extend properly two fixed point theorems due to Branciari and Rhoades.

MSC:54H25.