bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating the strength of soil stabilized with cement and lime at optimal compaction using ensemble-based multiple machine learning
Authors: Onyelowe Kennedy C. , Moghal Arif Ali Baig , Ebid Ahmed , Rehman Ateekh Ur , Hanandeh Shadi , Priyan Vishnu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIt has been imperative to study and stabilize cohesive soils for use in the construction of pavement subgrade and compacted landfill liners considering their unconfined compressive strength (UCS). As long as natural cohesive soil falls below 200 kN/m2 in strength, there is a structural necessity to improve its mechanical property to be suitable for the intended structural purposes. Subgrades and landfills are important environmental geotechnics structures needing the attention of engineering services due to their role in protecting the environment from associated hazards. In this research project, a comparative study and suitability assessment of the best analysis has been conducted on the behavior of the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of cohesive soil reconstituted with cement and lime and mechanically stabilized at optimal compaction using multiple ensemble-based machine learning classification and symbolic regression techniques. The ensemble-based ML classification techniques are the gradient boosting (GB), CN2, naïve bayes (NB), support vector machine (SVM), stochastic gradient descent (SGD), k-nearest neighbor (K-NN), decision tree (Tree) and random forest (RF) and the artificial neural network (ANN) and response surface methodology (RSM) to estimate the (UCS, MPa) of cohesive soil stabilized with cement and lime. The considered inputs were cement (C), lime (Li), liquid limit (LL), plasticity index (PI), optimum moisture content (OMC), and maximum dry density (MDD). A total of 190 mix entries were collected from experimental exercises and partitioned into 74–26% train-test dataset. At the end of the model exercises, it was found that both GB and K-NN models showed the same excellent accuracy of 95%, while CN2, SVM, and Tree models shared the same level of accuracy of about 90%. RF and SGD models showed fair accuracy level of about 65–80% and finally (NB) badly producing an unacceptable low accuracy of 13%. The ANN and the RSM also showed closely matched accuracy to the SVM and the Tree. Both of correlation matrix and sensitivity analysis indicated that UCS is greatly affected by MDD, then the consistency limits and cement content, and lime content comes in the third place while the impact of (OMC) is almost neglected. This outcome can be applied in the field to obtain optimal compacted for a lime reconstituted soil considering the almost negligible impact of compactive moisture.
GRK specificity and Gβγ dependency determines the potential of a GPCR for arrestin-biased agonism
Authors: Matthees Edda S. F. , Filor Jenny C. , Jaiswal Natasha , Reichel Mona , Youssef Noureldine , D’Uonnolo Giulia , Szpakowska Martyna , Drube Julia , König Gabriele M. , Kostenis Evi , Chevigné Andy , Godbole Amod , Hoffmann Carsten 
Published: July 2024

AbstractG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are mainly regulated by GPCR kinase (GRK) phosphorylation and subsequent β-arrestin recruitment. The ubiquitously expressed GRKs are classified into cytosolic GRK2/3 and membrane-tethered GRK5/6 subfamilies. GRK2/3 interact with activated G protein βγ-subunits to translocate to the membrane. Yet, this need was not linked as a factor for bias, influencing the effectiveness of β-arrestin-biased agonist creation. Using multiple approaches such as GRK2/3 mutants unable to interact with Gβγ, membrane-tethered GRKs and G protein inhibitors in GRK2/3/5/6 knockout cells, we show that G protein activation will precede GRK2/3-mediated β-arrestin2 recruitment to activated receptors. This was independent of the source of free Gβγ and observable for Gs-, Gi- and Gq-coupled GPCRs. Thus, β-arrestin interaction for GRK2/3-regulated receptors is inseparably connected with G protein activation. We outline a theoretical framework of how GRK dependence on free Gβγ can determine a GPCR’s potential for biased agonism. Due to this inherent cellular mechanism for GRK2/3 recruitment and receptor phosphorylation, we anticipate generation of β-arrestin-biased ligands to be mechanistically challenging for the subgroup of GPCRs exclusively regulated by GRK2/3, but achievable for GRK5/6-regulated receptors, that do not demand liberated Gβγ. Accordingly, GRK specificity of any GPCR is foundational for developing arrestin-biased ligands.
AANAT1 regulates insect midgut detoxification through the ROS/CncC pathway
Authors: Zeng Tian , Teng Fei-yue , Wei Hui , Lu Yong-yue , Xu Yi-juan , Qi Yi-xiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInsecticide resistance has been a problem in both the agricultural pests and vectors. Revealing the detoxification mechanisms may help to better manage insect pests. Here, we showed that arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (AANAT1) regulates intestinal detoxification process through modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated transcription factors cap“n”collar isoform-C (CncC): muscle aponeurosis fibromatosis (Maf) pathway in both the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, and the arbovirus vector, Aedes aegypti. Knockout/knockdown of AANAT1 led to accumulation of biogenic amines, which induced a decreased in the gut ROS level. The reduced midgut ROS levels resulted in decreased expression of CncC and Maf, leading to lower expression level of detoxification genes. AANAT1 knockout/knockdown insects were more susceptible to insecticide treatments. Our study reveals that normal functionality of AANAT1 is important for the regulation of gut detoxification pathways, providing insights into the mechanism underlying the gut defense against xenobiotics in metazoans.
A CRISPR/Cas9 screen in embryonic stem cells reveals that Mdm2 regulates totipotency exit
Authors: Gao Chen , Gao Xin , Gao Fei , Du Xuguang , Wu Sen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDuring early embryonic development, the transition from totipotency to pluripotency is a fundamental and critical process for proper development. However, the regulatory mechanisms governing this transition remain elusive. Here, we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen to investigate the 2-cell-like cells (2CLCs) phenotype in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). This effort led to the identification of ten regulators that play a pivotal role in determining cell fate during this transition. Notably, our study revealed Mdm2 as a significant negative regulator of 2CLCs, as perturbation of Mdm2 resulted in a higher proportion of 2CLCs. Mdm2 appears to influence cell fate through its impact on cell cycle progression and H3K27me3 epigenetic modifications. In summary, the results of our CRISPR/Cas9 screen have uncovered several genes with distinct functions in regulating totipotency and pluripotency at various levels, offering a valuable resource for potential targets in future molecular studies.
Mammalian cell display with automated oligo design and library assembly allows for rapid residue level conformational epitope mapping
Authors: Thalén Niklas Berndt , Karlander Maximilian , Lundqvist Magnus , Persson Helena , Hofström Camilla , Turunen S. Pauliina , Godzwon Magdalena , Volk Anna-Luisa , Malm Magdalena , Ohlin Mats , Rockberg Johan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrecise epitope determination of therapeutic antibodies is of great value as it allows for further comprehension of mechanism of action, therapeutic responsiveness prediction, avoidance of unwanted cross reactivity, and vaccine design. The golden standard for discontinuous epitope determination is the laborious X-ray crystallography method. Here, we present a combinatorial method for rapid mapping of discontinuous epitopes by mammalian antigen display, eliminating the need for protein expression and purification. The method is facilitated by automated workflows and tailored software for antigen analysis and oligonucleotide design. These oligos are used in automated mutagenesis to generate an antigen receptor library displayed on mammalian cells for direct binding analysis by flow cytometry. Through automated analysis of 33930 primers an optimized single condition cloning reaction was defined allowing for mutation of all surface-exposed residues of the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2. All variants were functionally expressed, and two reference binders validated the method. Furthermore, epitopes of three novel therapeutic antibodies were successfully determined followed by evaluation of binding also towards SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2. We find the method to be highly relevant for rapid construction of antigen libraries and determination of antibody epitopes, especially for the development of therapeutic interventions against novel pathogens.
Gender disparities in social and personality psychology awards from 1968 to 2021
Authors: Hopkins-Doyle Aífe , Chalmers Jocelyn , Toribio-Flórez Daniel , Cichocka Aleksandra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGender disparities persist in academic psychology. The present study extended previous investigations to social and personality psychology award recipients. We collated publicly available data on award winners (N = 2700) from 17 international societies from 1968 to 2021. Features of the award, including year given, type of award, seniority level, whether the award was shared with more than one winner, and gender/sex of the recipient were coded. Overall, men were more likely to be recognized with awards than women, but the proportion of awards won by women has increased over time. Despite this increased share of awards, women were more likely to win awards for service and teaching (which are generally viewed as less prestigious) rather than research contributions. These differences were moderated by year - women were more likely to win service or teaching awards, compared to research awards, after 1999 and 2007, respectively. Women were more likely to win awards at postgraduate/early career levels or open to all levels compared to senior awards. Findings suggest that women’s greater representation in academic psychology in recent years has not been accompanied by parity in professional recognition and eminence.
Chemical approaches to the sulfation of small molecules: current progress and future directions
Authors: Alshehri Jaber A. , Jones Alan M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Sulfation is one of the most important modifications that occur to a wide range of bioactive small molecules including polysaccharides, proteins, flavonoids, and steroids. In turn, these sulfated molecules have significant biological and pharmacological roles in diverse processes including cell signalling, modulation of immune and inflammation response, anti-coagulation, anti-atherosclerosis, and anti-adhesive properties. This Essay summarises the most encountered chemical sulfation methods of small molecules. Sulfation reactions using sulfur trioxide amine/amide complexes are the most used method for alcohol and phenol groups in carbohydrates, steroids, proteins, and related scaffolds. Despite the effectiveness of these methods, they suffer from issues including multiple-purification steps, toxicity issues (e.g., pyridine contamination), purification challenges, stoichiometric excess of reagents which leads to an increase in reaction cost, and intrinsic stability issues of both the reagent and product. Recent advances including SuFEx, the in situ reagent approach, and TBSAB show the widespread appeal of novel sulfating approaches that will enable a larger exploration of the field in the years to come by simplifying the purification and isolation process to access bespoke sulfated small molecules.
FastFaceCLIP: A lightweight text‐driven high‐quality face image manipulation
Authors: Ren Jiaqi , Qin Junping , Ma Qianli , Cao Yin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough many new methods have emerged in text‐driven images, the large computational power required for model training causes these methods to have a slow training process. Additionally, these methods consume a considerable amount of video random access memory (VRAM) resources during training. When generating high‐resolution images, the VRAM resources are often insufficient, which results in the inability to generate high‐resolution images. Nevertheless, recent Vision Transformers (ViTs) advancements have demonstrated their image classification and recognition capabilities. Unlike the traditional Convolutional Neural Networks based methods, ViTs have a Transformer‐based architecture, leverage attention mechanisms to capture comprehensive global information, moreover enabling enhanced global understanding of images through inherent long‐range dependencies, thus extracting more robust features and achieving comparable results with reduced computational load. The adaptability of ViTs to text‐driven image manipulation was investigated. Specifically, existing image generation methods were refined and the FastFaceCLIP method was proposed by combining the image‐text semantic alignment function of the pre‐trained CLIP model with the high‐resolution image generation function of the proposed FastFace. Additionally, the Multi‐Axis Nested Transformer module was incorporated for advanced feature extraction from the latent space, generating higher‐resolution images that are further enhanced using the Real‐ESRGAN algorithm. Eventually, extensive face manipulation‐related tests on the CelebA‐HQ dataset challenge the proposed method and other related schemes, demonstrating that FastFaceCLIP effectively generates semantically accurate, visually realistic, and clear images using fewer parameters and less time.
Self‐supervised multi‐view clustering in computer vision: A survey
Authors: Wang Jiatai , Xu Zhiwei , Yang Xuewen , Li Hailong , Li Bo , Meng Xuying 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, multi‐view clustering (MVC) has had significant implications in the fields of cross‐modal representation learning and data‐driven decision‐making. Its main objective is to cluster samples into distinct groups by leveraging consistency and complementary information among multiple views. However, the field of computer vision has witnessed the evolution of contrastive learning, and self‐supervised learning has made substantial research progress. Consequently, self‐supervised learning is progressively becoming dominant in MVC methods. It involves designing proxy tasks to extract supervisory information from image and video data, thereby guiding the clustering process. Despite the rapid development of self‐supervised MVC, there is currently no comprehensive survey analysing and summarising the current state of research progress. Hence, the authors aim to explore the emergence of self‐supervised MVC by discussing the reasons and advantages behind it. Additionally, the internal connections and classifications of common datasets, data issues, representation learning methods, and self‐supervised learning methods are investigated. The authors not only introduce the mechanisms for each category of methods, but also provide illustrative examples of their applications. Finally, some open problems are identified for further investigation and development.
Local Prophylactic Teicoplanin Effect on Spinal Fusion Surgery: A Comparative Retrospective Study
Authors: Elmadağ Nuh Mehmet , Kara Deniz , Pulatkan Anil , Uçan Vahdet , Cesme Dilek Hacer , Aliyev Orkhan , Doğu Hüseyin , Demirel Nail , Abdallah Anas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most severe complications of spinal fusion surgery that lead to increased morbidity and mortality rates. Prophylactic antibiotic usage is one of the methods that reduce the possibility of SSI in this procedure. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of local subfascial teicoplanin usage on radiologic and functional outcomes and compare it to the effect of vancomycin on surgical outcomes in patients who underwent decompression with posterior instrumentation (DPI) for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).
Methods Medical charts of patients with LSS who received DPI and met the study criteria were divided into three groups: the teicoplanin group included patients who underwent DPI with local teicoplanin before closure, the vancomycin group included patients who underwent DPI with local vancomycin, and the control group included patients who underwent DPI without any local prophylactic antibiotics.
Results A total of 101 patients were included in the study. No significant differences were found among groups regarding demographics, follow-up, and clinical and functional outcomes. No significant differences were observed among groups regarding postoperative improvements in SF-36-MCS, SF-36-PCS, Oswestry Disability Index, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS; p > 0.05). In the teicoplanin and vancomycin groups, the SSI rate was lower than that in the control group (2/35, 1/34, and 5/32, respectively, p = 0.136) without statistical significance; however, the postoperative fusion volume was significantly higher in the teicoplanin group when compared to the other groups (3.35 ± 1.08, 2.68 ± 1.17, and 2.65 ± 1.28 cm3, respectively, p = 0.007).
Conclusions Although its cost is relatively higher, teicoplanin was a good alternative to vancomycin in preventing SSIs with a higher fusion rate, but no superiority was observed regarding other outcomes.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Applications of Ionic Liquids Derived from Natural Products
Authors: Ranjbar-Karimi Reza , Marra Alberto , Khorasani Fereshteh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIonic liquids, nonvolatile salts featuring a melting point below 100 °C, are one of the few alternative solvents for environmentally friendly processes. However, like most molecular solvents, they are usually prepared by means of building blocks derived from fossil oil. Fortunately, an increasing number of ionic liquids are synthesized starting from renewable natural products such as sugars and amino acids. In the present review, we describe the detailed synthesis and applications of the biosourced ionic liquids reported in the literature over the last four years.1	Introduction2	Carbohydrate-Based Ionic Liquids3	Amino Acid Based Ionic Liquids4	Terpene-Based Ionic Liquids5	Miscellaneous Ionic Liquids6	Conclusion
Clearing the Skepticism about Subclinical Hypothyroidism: Is It Beneficial to Treat Patients with Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone >4.5 and <10 mIU/L?
Authors: Bushra Hafsa , Rashid Murtaza 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSubclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a heterogeneous clinical condition ranging from asymptomatic to wide variety of clinical manifestations, which are often nonspecific. Being a common laboratory finding, clinicians often face the dilemma of whether to treat or not. Threshold of 10 mIU/L of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is often used as a cutoff limit to offer treatment. However, still, debate remains on whether to treat less than 10 mIU/L considering special clinical conditions like pregnancy. Whether SCH exists, is screening needed in asymptomatic individuals, is treating asymptomatic cases beneficial or harmful and what threshold level of TSH to be considered for treatment are all potential questions that need to be answered.
Evaluation of Applicability of Tumor Budding and Poorly Differentiated Clusters as Additional Prognostic Markers in Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Sarkar Sagarika , Guha Rena , Chakrabarti Sudipta 
Published: July 2024

Purpose Very few studies have assessed tumor budding (TB) and poorly differentiated cell clusters (PDCs) simultaneously in colorectal cancers (CRCs). The goal of this study was to establish a correlation between these two pertinent histological features and to reinforce the importance of their incorporation in routine histopathological reporting of CRC cases as a means to predict clinical outcome.
Methods Resection specimens of colorectal carcinoma were included in the study. Patients who received presurgical therapy, or refused consent were excluded. PDC and TB were evaluated in routine hematoxylin and eosin-stained histopathological sections taken from the advancing edge of the tumor. TB and PDC were reported by selecting a “hotspot” chosen after review of all available slides with invasive tumor. It was then followed by their correlation with other known prognostic factors.
Results Spearman's rho calculator for strength of association between TB and PDC as well as association of TB and PDC individually with known prognostic factors revealed statistical significance. Correlation of TB and PDC with histologic grade, primary tumor (pT), and regional lymph node (pN) stage was done based on one-way analysis of variance calculator, which yielded statistically significant results.
Conclusion Evaluation of these two histological parameters in the same hotspot field at the tumor invasive front plays a fundamental role in the definition of cancer aggressiveness and prediction of tumor behavior.
A One Health Approach to Level Up Ethnoveterinary Practises in Rural India: A Pilot Project among the Local Community of Doddaballapur (Karnataka)
Authors: Kumar S.K. , Amrita G. , Kareem Abdul , Lainé Nicolas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The project aimed at introducing the local health practices attributed to animals for their health and production through immediate available resources among local communities in India. The traditional practices of nearly 20 clinical conditions of animal health were introduced to the farmers of the specified geographical area under Doddaballapur taluka name Shravanur and Koogonahalli of Doddaballapur, Karnataka, India. In these two villages nearly seventy–eight dairy farmers, who are depending on dairy for their livelihood, underwent intensive training on traditional animal health practices, which were documented and assessed by The University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU). In order to effectively create change in the daily practises, we engage in a transdisciplinary process including all stakeholder from the milk sector (venetian, dairy milk farmer). Such transdisciplinary training and empowering programs helped the farmers in preventing the diseases and managing them in a more sustainable way and at the same time to meet the dairy milk federation needs both in term of quality and quantity.

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Design and analysis of D-shaped fiber optic plasmonic sensors using triangular corrugation of silver: transmittance and field analysis
Authors: Kumar Shambhu , Maurya Jitendra Bahadur 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, the wave optics module of COMSOL Multiphysics is used to simulate a D-shaped optical fibre plasmonic sensor with triangular corrugation structures made of silver. The transmittance and electric field-based performance defining parameters i.e., resonance wavelength (λ
r), shift in resonance wavelength (∆λ
r), minimum transmittance (Tmin), bandwidth (BW), penetration depth (PD), and propagation length (PL) are examined. The obtained sensitivity of the proposed sensor is 10.2 μm RIU−1. It is seen that the proposed sensor structure increases the sensitivity by 41% with respect to planar Ag and 40.2% with respect to rectangular grating of Ag. Also, the PD increases 36.6% with respect to planar Ag and 30% with respect to rectangular grating Ag.