bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malignant Melanoma In situ Arising in the Nail Unit of a Child
Authors: Kiryu Hiromaro 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA very rare case of malignant melanoma in situ of the nail unit of a child is presented. Clinically, a pigmented streak was present on the finger nail of a 3‐year‐old girl, and the lesion increased in size and in darkness of the color associated with periungual pigmentation in the following two years. Histopathologically, sections showed proliferation of atypical melanocytes, arranged mostly in single units but some in nests, in and above the basal layer of the epithelium and admixed with long dendrites and a few mitotic figures. Pigmented lesions of nail units of children often show fading or loss of pigmentation clinically; however, a biopsy should be done when they show augmentative changes which clinically suggest malignancy, because subungual malignant melanoma can exist even in children, and proper biopsy can detect it in its early stages.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Report of Three Cases
Authors: Okamoto Osamu , Yoshiyama Masako , Takayasu Susumu , Yokoyama Shigeo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThree cases of Merkel cell carcinoma are reported: Case 1 on the upper eyelid with regional lymph node metastasis, Case 2 with spontaneous regression after repeated biopsies, and Case 3 presumably developing on the lesion of pre‐existing Bowen's disease. In Case 2, the biopsy specimen was characterized by numerous apoptotic cells in the periphery of the tumor nests surrounded by lymphocytic infiltration. In Case 3, the tumor developed after injury to the pre‐existing lesion of Bowen's disease.
Familial Reactive Perforating Collagenosis: A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Mehndiratta Vibhu , Sharma Ravi C. , Narayan Shashi , Koranne Ravindra V. , Kakar Nirupama 
Published: April 2015

AbstractReactive perforating collagenosis is characterised by trans‐epidermal elimination of collagen and is hypothesized to be both autosomally dominant and recessive. We report a family in which two brothers and a sister had lesions of reactive perforating collagenosis.
Factors Influencing Psoriasis: An Analysis Based upon the Extent of Involvement and Clinical Type
Authors: Park Byung Soon , Youn Jai Il 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA variety of external stimuli are accepted as important in modifying the severity of psoriasis. We sought to determine whether there is any difference in the influence of external factors on psoriasis in relation to extent of involvement or clinical type. A total of 870 psoriasis patients seen between 1982 and 1995 were categorized as mild, moderate, or severe on the basis of extent of the disease, and as guttate, nummular/plaque, or exfoliative/generalized pustular according to clinical type. We then performed a questionnaire survey concerning the influence of external factors such as seasonal changes, sunlight, stress, and pregnancy. These data sets were combined and analysed. The majority of patients stated favorable effects of summer, sunlight, and pregnancy and adverse effects of winter and stress. A statistically significant correlation was noted between the extent of psoriasis and the proportion of patients stating that their disease worsened at times of psychological stress (p<0.01). We confirmed that psoriasis patients with more extensive involvement experience greater fluctuations in their condition, notice these changes, and therefore relate them to psychological stress.
A Clinical Observation of Scleredema Adultorum and Its Relationship to Diabetes
Authors: Rho Young Woo , Suhr Ki Beom , Lee Jeung Hoon , Park Jang Kyu 
Published: April 2015

AbstractScleredema may occur secondarily to diabetes or independently. The course of scleredema is not known in either type. Twenty‐one scleredema patients were included in this study (13 females, 8 males). The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of diabetes. In the group (11 patients) of scleredema which was secondary to diabetes, lesions were partially improved in 5 patients who had controlled diabetes, although it was difficult to control diabetes with insulin or oral hypoglycemics in such patients. Scleredema appeared insidiously in nine of these eleven patients. The posterior neck was involved, but the face was not. In patients without diabetes, the scleredema lesions began acutely in eight of ten of them. The course of the disease was usually stationary rather than showing acute improvement. Facial involvement was found in half of all the patients. In conclusion, scleredema patients with diabetes may improve if their diabetes is controlled, and facial involvement may be related to scleredema without diabetes.
Reappraisal of Ikeda's Classification of Alopecia Areata: Analysis of 356 Cases from Chandigarh, India
Authors: Sharma Vinod Kumar , Muralidhar Sivaram , Kumar Bhushan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThree hundred and fifty six patients (234 males, 122 females) with alopecia areata were classified according to Ikeda's classification. The common type of alopecia areata was most frequently seen in 239 (67.13%) patients, followed by atopic in 60 (16.85%), prehypertensive in 48 (13.4%), and autoimmune/endocrine in 9 (2.52%) patients. Severe alopecia did not occur with a higher frequency in atopic or endocrine/autoimmune alopecia areata than in the common type (p>0.05). Prehypertensive alopecia areata had the lowest frequency of severe alopecia in the present study. The odds for developing severe alopecia were highest (2.6) when onset was before 16 years of age, followed by female sex (2.12), atopy (0.86), autoimmune/endocrine (0.53), and prehypertensive (0.28) types. Alopecia areata should be broadly classified as childhood (<16 years) and adult onset with subtypes of atopic, autoimmune/endocrine, and common type under both. The prehypertensive type should be combined with the common type of alopecia areata.
A Japanese Case of Neu‐Laxova Syndrome
Authors: Hirota Toru , Hirota Yoko , Asagami Chidori , Muto Masahiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 5‐day‐old Japanese female with Neu‐Laxova syndrome was presented. The patient had severe edema throughout the body, desquamation, and erosion of the skin. She also exhibited microcephaly, exophthalmos, and rocker‐bottom feet. Histologic examinations of a cutaneous specimen showed atrophy of the dermis and absence of the sebaceous glands. These represent embryonic abnormalities. Even though there was no hypoplasia of the cerebellum and lungs or hydramnios, we evaluated this patient as the first Japanese case of this sporadic disease. With intensive care, including dermatological treatment, the patient survived for 134 days.
The Analysis of mRNA Expression of Cytokines from Skin Lesions in Churg‐Strauss Syndrome
Authors: Fujioka Akira , Yamamoto Tatsuo , Takasu Hiroshi , Kawano Keiko , Masuzawa Mikio , Katsuoka Kensei , Jinno Satoru 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report our recent clinical experience with a patient suffering from Churg‐Strauss syndrome and the results of our investigation into the mRNA expression of cytokines in the patient's lesions as well as in the frozen sections from a previous patient. In both cases, blood IgG was at a high level.Cytokine mRNA expression differed according to the degree of cellular infiltration. In the presence of marked infiltration, counteracting Th1 and Th2 cytokines were simultaneously detected; the former included IL‐12 and IFN‐γ, and the latter, IL‐6 and IL‐10. The concurrence of both types of cytokine could be attributed to several factors. For example, IL‐6 is involved through some mechanism in the formation of immune complexes by IgG, and IL‐12 and IFN‐γ appeared to participate in the development of granuloma. These suppositions support the suggested immunological etiology of the disease. It is also inferred that the dominance of one of the two types of cytokines depends on the clinical phase of the disease.
HIV‐Associated Eosinophilic Pustular Folliculitis: Successful Treatment of a Japanese Patient with UVB Phototherapy
Authors: Misago Noriyuki , Narisawa Yutaka , Matsubara Shinichi , Hayashi Shinichirou 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report the successful treatment with ultraviolet B phototherapy of a patient with HIV‐associated eosinophilic pustular folliculitis. We were able to observe the clinical and therapeutic course for about one year and three months. This 35‐year‐old homosexual Japanese man presented with disseminated, discrete, follicular, erythematous papules with intense pruritus over his face, neck, chest wall, and upper back. Initially, the eruption responded to therapy with topical or oral indomethacin and oral H1 antihistamine. However, the eruption was highly prone to recurrence, and it gradually failed to respond to these therapies. The eruption became chronic and persistent and manifested the excoriated, prurigo‐like nodules that are typical of reported pruritic papular eruption, suggesting that this skin disease and HIV‐associated eosinophilic pustular folliculitis are two forms of the same disease entity. UVB phototherapy in small doses was very effective for the persistent eruption, and no recurrence of the eruption was noted during or since the six‐month maintenance therapy (once a week at a dose equivalent to 0.75 of the minimal erythema dose) (9 months total). No unfavorable side effects have been observed during or after the UVB phototherapy (cumulative UVB doses of 2,320 mJ/cm2).
A Case of Bullous Pemphigoid in a Patient on Hemodialysis
Authors: Kamada Noriaki , Ino Noriaki , Hatamochi Atsushi , Shinkai Hiroshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe describe a case of bullous pemphigoid (BP) in a patient with chronic renal failure maintained on hemodialysis. We diagnosed BP by histopathological and immunofluorescence studies. The relationship between BP and chronic renal failure and/or hemodialysis is not clear, but we believe that immune disarrangement due to chronic renal failure and/or hemodialysis may have influenced the pathogenesis of BP in our case.
Pretibial Myxedema with Graves' Disease: A Case Report and Review of Japanese Literature
Authors: Ishizawa Toshiyuki , Sugiki Hiroshi , Anzai Shin‐ichi , Kondo Shigeo 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report a case of pretibial myxedema with Graves' disease in an 18‐year‐old Japanese woman. The physical examination revealed waxy indurated plaques with prominent hair follicle openings and nonpitting edema disseminated on her lower legs. Histology from an edematous lesion revealed that the dermis was markedly thickened with abundant mucin, especially hyaluronic acid, and the collagen fibers in this portion were splitting up into fibrils. We also reviewed 112 cases of pretibial myxedema reported in the Japanese literature.
Permeability Barrier Abnormality of Hairless Mouse Epidermis after Topical Corticosteroid: Characterization of Stratum Corneum Lipids by Ruthenium Tetroxide Staining and High‐Performance Thin‐Layer Chromatography
Authors: Sheu Hamm‐Ming , Lee J. Yu‐Yun , Kuo Kou‐Wha , Tsai Jui‐Chen 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTopical corticosteroids (TCS) are among the most frequently used topical therapeutics. Recently, it has been shown that TCS not only has antiproliferative actions, but also inhibits the differentiation of the epidermis and finally perturbates stratum corneum (SC) barrier function. It is well established that epidermal barrier function resides within the intercellular lipids of the SC. However, to date, little is known about the effects of TCS on the structure and composition of SC lipids. We therefore used hairless mouse skin to study the sequential changes of the SC permeability barrier and their intercellular lipids by ruthenium tetroxide staining and high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC) during topical use of corticosteroids. The results demonstrated a progressive increase in transepidermal water loss accompanied by a diminution in the SC intercellular lipid lamellae, which showed a normal structure of individual lamella. Analysis of lipid composition by HPTLC after a 6‐week application of TCS also showed an obvious decrease in all the main components of SC lipids, which are known to constitute the permeability barrier of the skin. In light of these results, our work provides direct morphological evidence that TCS deteriorates the permeability barrier of epidermis when applied to normal skin.
A Preliminary Study Aimed at the Detection of Leishmania Parasites in Subjects with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Using Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Uezato Hiroshi , Hagiwara Keisuke , Hosokawa Atsushi , Maruno Motoyoshi , Nonaka Shigeo , Oshiro Minoru , Furuya Masato , L Eduardo A. Gomez , Hashiguchi Yoshihisa 
Published: April 2015

AbstractAs a basic study for future diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis, we tried to detect Leishmania parasites representing different species in the subgenera Leishmania and Viannia from subject patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the subgenus Viannia specific primer. Four out of the 14 specimens revealed an amplified DNA of 70 bp specific for the subgenus Viannia (L. braziliensis comples). No bands were detected in the rest of the specimens belonging to the subgenus Leishmania and unclassified groups. The base sequences of the amplified DNA corresponded with those of the L. (V). braziliensis kinetoplast minicircle. We concluded that PCR using the present primer specific for the subgenus Viannia would be useful in detecting Leishmania parasites in lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by the L. braziliensis complex.
Topical PUVA Therapy for Chronic Hand Eczema
Authors: Gritiyarangsan Pimonpun , Sukhum Apiradee , Tresukosol Poohglin , Kullavanijaya Preya 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSeventeen patients with persistent chronic hand eczema were treated with topical 0.1% 8‐methoxypsoralen and UVA (PUVA) for 8 weeks. Significant improvement was achieved in 5 cases (29%), moderate improvement in 9 (53%), and little improvement in 3 (18%). The mean number of PUVA treatments was 22.2, and the mean total UVA dose was 63.5 J/cm2. There was no association between clinical response and duration of hand eczema, positive patch test reaction, or atopic status. Since topical PUVA has no risk of systemic side effects, it should be considered as an alternative treatment for patients with chronic hand eczema who are resistant to other topical medications.
Treatment of Molluscum Contagiosum in Males with an Analog of Imiquimod 1% in Cream: A Placebo‐Controlled, Double‐Blind Study
Authors: Syed Tanweer A. , Goswami Jagdish , Ahmadpour Oliver Abbas , Ahmad Seyed Ali 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe objective of this double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study was to evaluate in males the clinical efficacy in treating molluscum contagiosum and tolerance of an analog of imiquimod (1%) in cream. One hundred patients between 9 and 27 years of age (mean 16.3), with 733 lesions (mean 7.3), whose size ranged from 2 to 5 mm diameter (mean spot size 3.4 mm) and a biopsy‐confirmed diagnosis of molluscum contagiosum were randomized into two parallel groups. In a double‐blind manner, precoded 40‐g tubes were dispensed. Patients self‐administered the trial medication to their lesions at home three times daily for five consecutive days per week. The study was scheduled with 4 weeks of active treatment (maximum 60 topical applications) and 12 months (on a monthly basis) of follow‐up. Patients were examined on a weekly basis. Thirteen patients had atopic dermatitis. A clinically and histopathologically confirmed total elimination of lesions was considered as cured. After four weeks of treatment, 49 patients and 372 lesions were cured. Breaking the code revealed that imiquimod cream had cured 82% of the patients and 86.3% of the lesions. Placebo cleared 16% of the patients and 63 of the lesions (p<0.0001). During the treatment, 88% of the patients experienced no allergic, localized, or drug‐related adverse symptoms. Twelve patients, predominantly in the imiquimod cream group reported non‐objective, drug‐induced, mild reactions with no dropouts. The study was followed‐up for 12 months. Among 49 cured patients, 3 had relapses after 10 months. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that 1% imiquimod analog in cream with mild subjective side effects is significantly more efficacious than the placebo in curing molluscum contagiosum in males.
Diagnostic Pitfalls of Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Dramatic Response to Chemotherapy
Authors: Chang Sung‐Eun , Suh Jung‐Wha , Choi Jee‐Ho , Yoon Ghil‐Suk , Huh Jooryung , Sung Kyung‐Jeh , Moon Kee‐Chan , Kim Woo‐Gun , Koh Jai‐Kyoung 
Published: April 2015

AbstractMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an unusual malignant tumor that arises from neuroendocrine cells with features of epithelial differentiation. We describe a MCC patient with unusual clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features. Although the microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural characteristics of MCC have been well defined, diagnostic difficulties remain, particularly in distinguishing it from lymphoma involving the skin, as suggested by our case.This is an unusual case in which dense lymphoid infiltration masked the true tumor. All the immunohistochemical markers of MCC except neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) were negative. The dramatic response to primary chemotherapy was also very noteworthy.
Spiny Keratoderma: A Common Under‐Reported Dermatosis
Authors: Horton Sharon L. , Hashimoto Ken , Toi Yoichiro , Miner John E. , Mehregan Darius , Fligiel Allan , Savoy L. Boyd , Aronson Peter 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSpiny keratoderma is a dermatosis consisting of multiple projections located on the palms and soles, with a distinct histology characteristic of a parakeratotic column above a hypogranular epidermis. We report six cases discovered within a year and review the present literature on spiny keratoderma. The average age of the patients was 57 years. Fifty‐seven percent of the patients were male and forty‐three percent were female. The duration of lesions ranged from 4 months to 40 years. Symptoms were variable, however, lesions were often unnoticed by the patient. The location of the lesions involved the palms and soles or the palms alone. Past medical history was significant for hypertension and hyperlipidemia treated with HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitors. Lesions often occurred in patients involved in manual labor. Spiny keratoderma is a relatively common under‐reported dermatosis found most often in older patients with a history of manual labor and is possibly related to treatment with HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitors.
Long Term Follow‐up of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Xie Shang‐Kui , Feng Shu‐Fang , Fu Hua 
Published: April 2015

AbstractTo assess the impact of demographic and clinical factors on prognosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we studied a cohort composed of 566 patients in Huashan Hospital between 1959 and 1992 who were followed up to June 30, 1993. The survivorship was examined through life table analysis. The results showed that the survival rate from the time of SLE onset was 93% at 1 year, 73% at 5 years, and 60% at 10 years. On univariate analysis, we found that the following factors worsened the probability of survival: male, neuropsychiatric manifestations, pleurisy‐pericarditis, hematological disorders, renal involvement, hypocomplementemia, abnormal electrocardiograph, and high corticosteroid dose of treatment. The time that the C3 depression occurred in the course of SLE affected the survival more significantly than did its decreased levels. The earlier the occurrence of C3 depression, the lower the patient's survival probability. On multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors were male gender, abnormal electrocardiograph, hypocomplementemia, and high corticosteroid dose of treatment. All of these indicated that clinical features of SLE might have value as predictors for its prognosis and that the occurrence of the decreased C3 in the early course of SLE might be the most important factor.
Occult Basal Cell Carcinoma Arising in Seborrheic Keratosis
Authors: Endoh Kohki , Ohara Manabu , Kosegawa Gen , Akasaka Toshihide 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe present study reports a case of an occult basal cell carcinoma that arose in seborrheic keratosis. The patient was a fifty‐six‐year‐old male who presented with a dark brown plaque on his back. Clinically, the lesion demonstrated no nodules or ulcerations suggesting that it was malignant. However, histopathological analysis of the lesion revealed an atypical basaloid cell mass that appeared to be a solid basal cell carcinoma beneath and surrounded by a seborrheic keratosis lesion. Thus, the coexistence of basal cell carcinoma and seborrheic keratosis is possible and should be considered when a malignant change in seborrheic keratosis is apparent.
A Case of Angiokeratoma Circumscriptum: Immunolocalization of Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9
Authors: Kobayashi Takashi , Sakuraoka Koichi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report a case of angiokeratoma circumscriptum which we have followed for one year. The skin lesion initially showed erythema and then changed to a dark reddish, raised, keratotic nodule. The lesion histologically showed dilated capillaries and hyperkeratosis. Using immunohistochemistry, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9 was localized in the epidermis just under the horny layer, particularly in the hyperkeratotic lesion. The expression of MMP‐9 might be related to the hyperkeratotic changes in this lesion.
Multiple Lentigines Syndrome: A Comparison of Normal Skin and Lentiginous Skin by Electron Microscopy and Immunohistochemical Staining
Authors: Choi Jinn‐Gill , Chang Sung Nam , Kim Soo‐Chan , Park Wook Hwa , Kwon Hyuk Jae 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 26‐year‐old Korean man exhibited generalized lentigines, a slight prominence of the chin, short stature, and a familial history consistent with the autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. The multiple lentigines appeared at the age of 1 and spread over his entire body including the scalp, palms, and soles by the age of 4. There were several large dark pigmented spots on the trunk, but no other skin abnormalities were found. We performed histologic studies of the normal skin and the lentigo by both electron and light microscopy with immunohistochemical stains. Routine hematoxylin‐eosin staining of the pigmented skin revealed heavily pigmented basal and spinous layers and prominent rete ridges. Fontana‐Masson stain showed enormous black pigmentations on the basal and spinous layers of the pigmented macule. S‐100 protein stain of the pigmented lesion demonstrated an increased number of melanocytes per unit skin area. Ultrastructural studies showed the presence of extensive aggregated melanosomes within the keratinocytes in the epidermis of lentigo, but not the presence of giant melanosomes in either normal skin or lentigines.
Cutaneous Mesenchymal Hamartoma on the Foot
Authors: Jang Kyoung‐Ae , Sung Kyung‐Jeh , Moon Kee‐Chan , Koh Jai‐Kyoung , Choi Jee‐Ho 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report a 16‐year‐old man with a cutaneous mesenchymal hamartoma on the left foot since infancy. Clinically, the lesion was 10 × 6 cm in size, relatively ill‐defined, skin colored, and comprised of confluent nodules. Histopathologic examination revealed histology compatible with cutaneous mesenchymal hamartoma.