bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the Verruculogen Prenyltransferase FtmPT3 by a Combination of Chemical, Bioinformatic and Biochemical Approaches
Authors: Mundt Kathrin , Wollinsky Beate , Ruan Han‐Li , Zhu Tianjiao , Li Shu‐Ming 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPrevious studies showed that verruculogen is the end product of a biosynthetic gene cluster for fumitremorgin‐type alkaloids in Aspergillus fumigatus and Neosartorya fischeri. In this study, we isolated fumitremorgin A from N. fischeri. This led to the identification of the responsible gene, ftmPT3, for O‐prenylation of an aliphatic hydroxy group in verruculogen. This gene was found at a different location in the genome of N. fischeri than the identified cluster. The coding sequence of ftmPT3 was amplified by fusion PCR and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The enzyme product of the soluble His8‐FtmPT3 with verruculogen and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) was identified unequivocally as fumitremorgin A by NMR and MS analyses. KM values of FtmPT3 were determined for verruculogen and DMAPP at 5.7 and 61.5 μM, respectively. Average turnover number (kcat) was calculated from kinetic parameters of verruculogen and DMAPP to be 0.069 s−1. FtmPT3 also accepted biosynthetic precursors of fumitremorgin A, for example, fumitremorgin B and 12,13‐dihydroxyfumitremorgin C, as substrates and catalyses their prenylation.
Graphene Oxide as Catalyst for the Acetalization of Aldehydes at Room Temperature
Authors: Dhakshinamoorthy Amarajothi , Alvaro Mercedes , Puche Marta , Fornes Vicente , Garcia Hermenegildo 
Published: October 2012

AbstractGraphene oxide obtained through the standard Hummers oxidation of graphite and subsequent exfoliation promotes acetalization of aldehydes in methanol. It is a highly efficient reusable heterogeneous catalyst because of its advantages of absence of transition metals, sustainable resources, and high activity, large surface area, and accessibility of active sites. Analytical and spectroscopic data suggest that the sulfate groups introduced spontaneously during Hummers oxidation are the sites responsible for catalysis.
Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Key Tool toward Sustainability
Authors: Descorme Claude , Gallezot Pierre , Geantet Christophe , George Christian 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe scope of this concept article is to demonstrate through few selected examples taken from recent literature that heterogeneous catalysis is presently an essential tool to achieve a sustainable use of resources for energy, chemical, and material production and to preserve and rehabilitate our environment. Using heterogeneous catalysts for the production of fuels and chemicals reduce the energy demand and minimize the formation of non‐recyclable wastes by increasing the activity and selectivity of fossil and renewable resource conversion. It is now the essential tool for the treatment of pollutants in air and water. The efficiency of photocatalytic processes for the treatment of toxic compounds in air and water is also highlighted. The destruction of pollutants by mineral dust in the atmosphere demonstrates the major role that heterogeneous catalytic processes plays for global environmental preservation.
The Impact of Reaction Pressure on the Catalytic Performance of the PdSb/TiO2 Catalyst in the Acetoxylation of Toluene into Benzyl Acetate
Authors: Madaan Neetika , Gatla Suresh , Kalevaru Venkata Narayana , Radnik Jörg , Pohl Marga‐Martina , Lücke Bernhard , Brückner Angelika , Martin Andreas 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe acetoxylation of toluene in the presence of acetic acid and oxygen was performed over a PdSb/TiO2 catalyst at 210 °C and at various reaction pressures (1–10 bar). A remarkable improvement in the catalytic performance and a significant shortening of the induction period were found with an increase in pressure. At a pressure of 6 bar, the highest toluene conversion of 75 % and 100 % selectivity for benzyl acetate were observed. This result could be due to both the restructuring of the catalyst surface and to the formation of active PdSb particles of desired size, composition, and shape during the course of the induction period. Samples of the most‐active and spent catalysts were studied by ex situ and in situ XRD, XPS, and TEM.
High‐Speed Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements of Turbulent Pipe Flows for Verification of a Fluid‐Dynamic Cavitation Model
Authors: Opitz K. M. , Engel S. R. , Koegler A. F. , Leipertz A. , Schlücker E. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe design of reciprocating pumps for the chemical industry requires a detailed knowledge of the apparent phenomena such as undesirable pipe pulsation and harmful cavitation. Since the detailed understanding of the entire mechanism is rather limited, emphasis will be put on the verification of a fluid‐dynamic cavitation model for reciprocating positive displacement pumps. This model was established by means of particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements carried out at a repetition rate of 2 kHz. The PIV results indicate that the fluid‐dynamic cavitation model corresponds with the physical reality. While common practice dictates that cavitation should be prevented at all times, the proposed model offers a great opportunity for manufacturers to predict a limit for the extent of occurring cavitation.
Synthesis and Chiral Recognition of Nickel(II) Macrocyclic Complex with (R)‐Naphthylethyleneamine Pendant Groups and its Self‐Assembled Framework
Authors: Min Kil Sik , Park Mi Jung , Ryoo Jae Jeong 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTA novel nickel(II) hexaaza macrocyclic complex, [Ni(LR,R)](ClO4)2 (1), containing chiral pendant groups was synthesized by an efficient one‐pot template condensation and characterized (LR,R═1,8‐di((R)‐α‐methylnaphthyl)‐1,3,6,8,10,13‐hexaazacyclotetradecane). The crystal structure of compound 1 was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. The complex was found to have a square‐planar coordination environment for the nickel(II) ion. Open framework [Ni(LR,R)]3[C6H3(COO)3]2 (2) was constructed from the self‐assembly of compound 1 with deprotonated 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylic acid, BTC3−. Chiral discrimination of rac‐1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol and rac‐2,2,2‐trifluoro‐1‐(9‐anthryl)ethanol was performed to determine the chiral recognition ability of the chiral complex (1) and its self‐assembled framework (2). Binaphthol showed a good chiral discrimination on the framework (2). The optimum experimental conditions for the chiral discrimination were examined by changing the weight ratio between the macrocyclic complex 1 or self‐assembled framework 2 and racemates. The detailed synthetic procedures, spectroscopic data including single‐crystal X‐ray analysis, and the results of the chiral recognition for the compounds are described. Chirality, 25:54‐58, 2013 © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characteristics of Activated Sludge in an Anoxic Baffled Reactor
Authors: Wu Huifang , Sun Jian , Kong Huoliang , Wang Shihe , Deng Feng 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis study characterized sludge from an anoxic baffled reactor (ABR) used to treat textile dyeing wastewater. The process was run over 150 days. On day 152, five sludge samples were collected from compartments 1–5 of the ABR and a set of captive tests was conducted to investigate their particle size distributions (PSDs), dye biosorption and biodegradation properties, and dehydrogenase activity (DHA). The results indicated that the PSD of the five sludge samples from the ABR were similar. Methylene blue biosorption to the sludge samples followed the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and the actual biosorption process was controlled by external and intraparticle diffusion, simultaneously. After the sludge samples were cultivated for 24 h, the acid red GR dye removal efficiencies were 59.5, 68.3, 76.4, 61.5, and 65.4%, respectively. Eliminating dye biosorption, the dye biodegradation efficiencies were only 38.8, 46.3, 52.6, 48.3, and 46.0%, respectively. Furthermore, the DHA values were 28.2, 45.3, 56.5, 41.0, and 35.0 µg TF mL−1 h−1, respectively, and the DHA variation was in accordance with the dye biodegradation efficiency variation.
Subjective and objective binge eating in relation to eating disorder symptomatology, negative affect, and personality dimensions
Authors: Brownstone Lisa M. , Bardone‐Cone Anna M. , Fitzsimmons‐Craft Ellen E. , Printz Katherine S. , Le Grange Daniel , Mitchell James E. , Crow Scott J. , Peterson Carol B. , Crosby Ross D. , Klein Marjorie H. , Wonderlich Stephen A. , Joiner Thomas E. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjective:The current study explored the clinical meaningfulness of distinguishing subjective (SBE) from objective binge eating (OBE) among individuals with threshold/subthreshold bulimia nervosa (BN). We examined relations between OBEs and SBEs and eating disorder symptoms, negative affect, and personality dimensions using both a group comparison and a continuous approach.Method:Participants were 204 adult females meeting criteria for threshold/subthreshold BN who completed questionnaires related to disordered eating, affect, and personality.Results:Group comparisons indicated that SBE and OBE groups did not significantly differ on eating disorder pathology or negative affect, but did differ on two personality dimensions (cognitive distortion and attentional impulsivity). Using the continuous approach, we found that frequencies of SBEs (not OBEs) accounted for unique variance in weight/shape concern, diuretic use frequency, depressive symptoms, anxiety, social avoidance, insecure attachment, and cognitive distortion.Discussion:SBEs in the context of BN may indicate broader areas of psychopathology. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013)
Caregiving and coping in carers of people with anorexia nervosa admitted for intensive hospital care
Authors: Raenker Simone , Hibbs Rebecca , Goddard Elizabeth , Naumann Ulrike , Arcelus Jon , Ayton Agnes , Bamford Bryony , Boughton Nicky , Connan Frances , Goss Ken , Lazlo Bert , Morgan John , Moore Kim , Robertson David , Schreiber‐Kounine Christa , Sharma Sonu , Whitehead Linette , Beecham Jennifer , Schmidt Ulrike , Treasure Janet 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjective:The aim of the study was to examine how carers cope practically and emotionally with caring for individuals with anorexia nervosa who require intensive hospital care.Method:This study explores objective burden (time spent with caregiving and number of tasks), subjective burden (psychological distress), and social support in a sample of parents (n = 224) and partners (n = 28) from a consecutive series of patients (n = 178) admitted to inpatient units within the United Kingdom.Results:Most time was spent providing emotional support and less with practical tasks. Time spent with caregiving was associated with carer distress and was fully mediated by carer burden. This was ameliorated by social support. Partners received minimal support from others, and we found similar levels of burden and distress for mothers and partners.Discussion:The data indicate that professional and social support alleviates carer distress and may be of particular value for partners who are more isolated than parents. The data also suggest that time spent with practical support may be of more value than emotional support. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013;)
Effect of dietary organic selenium on fatty acid composition in nutria (Myocastor coypus Mol.) livers
Authors: Głogowski Robert , Czauderna Marian , Rozbicka‐Wieczorek Agnieszka , Krajewska Katarzyna A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractYoung, female nutrias (n = 13) were fed a diet supplemented with 0.36 mg/kg selenium in selenium‐enriched yeast (SeY; Sel‐Plex; Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY) for 60 days (total Se concentration in the basal diet was ∼0.1 mg/kg). Concentrations of fatty acids (FA) in the liver were compared to those of nutrias on a control diet (n = 11). Animals were sacrificed at 8 months of age and liver samples (approximately 30 g) were collected. The gas‐chromatographic analysis of tissue samples from the experimental group revealed a significant decrease in saturated fatty acids (p<0.001), monounsaturated fatty acid (p = 0.006), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (p = 0.02) compared to controls. The linoleic and linolenic acids, which are precursors of n‐6 and n‐3 PUFA, respectively, were significantly lower (p = 0.01 and p<0.001, respectively) in the supplemented group. The n‐6 to n‐3 PUFA ratio was significantly affected (p = 0.001) by the SeY dietary supplement (13.17 vs. 8.93, respectively).
Regional and cultivar comparison of Italian single cultivar olive oils according to flavor profiling
Authors: Tura Debora , Failla Osvaldo , Bassi Daniele , Attilio Cristina , Serraiocco Arnaldo 
Published: October 2012

AbstractGeographical origin, cultivar, and olive ripening stage are important factors which affect the typical flavor profile of extra virgin olive oils. Aromatic compounds and sensorial profiles of “Casaliva”, “Frantoio”, and “Leccino” olive oils from three different Italian production regions Abruzzo (eastern‐central Italy), Lombardy (northern Italy), and Tuscany (western‐central Italy) were assessed in two cropping years and at three olive ripening stages (green, veraison, and ripe). The chemical aromatic compounds were more effective in discriminating the oils than their sensorial attributes. Oils showed peculiar aromatic and sensorial profiles according to their region of origin. Genetically similar “Casaliva” and “Frantoio” showed also analogous profiles, but distinct from “Leccino”. The interaction between regions of cultivation and cultivars significantly affected the flavor profiling.Practical applications: This research provides a sound proof that geographical origin, cultivar, and fruit ripening stage, could play an important interactive role in shaping the flavor profiling of extra virgin olive oils. This represents a scientific basis of the “typicality” concept, which should address the marketing strategies for exploiting of the PDO products.
Wood dynamics in upland streams under different disturbance regimes
Authors: King Leonora , Hassan Marwan A. , Wei Xiaohua , Burge Leif , Chen Xiaoyong 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper presents reach scale large wood (LW) budgets of 12 upland streams in the Okanagan Basin of British Columbia. The study included 100 m long reaches at three wildfire sites and three undisturbed sites in the Interior Douglas‐fir (IDF) biogeoclimatic zone, and three recent Mountain Pine Beetle (MPB) infestation sites and three undisturbed sites in the Montane Spruce (MS) zone. Detailed information on wood recruitment, output and storage were obtained from repeated annual surveys. Recruitment from the riparian zone was found to dominate wood inputs, with fluvial import of secondary importance. In undisturbed streams, wood exhumation was found to be of tertiary importance, but was not observed in disturbed streams. Relative wood length was found to be a strong predictor of wood stability, with wood length to channel width and wood diameter to channel depth ratios of 1:1 forming an approximate maximum threshold of wood mobility. Volumetric decomposition was, on average, a third of the value of fluvial export, and the average residence time of wood in the channels was 20 years. In undisturbed reaches, wood storage indicated a slow depletion of wood from the channels. In the disturbed reaches, wildfire was found to significantly increase annual wood recruitment by more than an order of magnitude over undisturbed or control streams. MPB had not significantly increased LW recruitment, but is expected to increase over the coming decades. Storage rates at the disturbed streams indicated a net accumulation of wood over the study period. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effectiveness of Abbreviated CBT for Insomnia in Psychiatric Outpatients: Sleep and Depression Outcomes
Authors: Wagley J. Nile , Rybarczyk Bruce , Nay William T. , Danish Steven , Lund Hannah G. 
Published: October 2012

ObjectiveTo test the efficacy of cogntive‐behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I) as a supplement treatment for psychiatric outpatients. Comorbid insomnia is prevalent among individuals with varied psychiatric disorders and evidence indicates that CBT‐I may be effective for reducing insomnia and other psychiatric symptoms.MethodThe present study randomly assigned 30 psychiatric outpatients (mean duration of treatment = 3.6 years) with low sleep quality and residual depressive symptoms to two sessions of CBT‐I or a treatment as usual control group. Assessment included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for insomnia and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) for depression at pretreatment and 4 and 8 weeks posttreatment.ResultsPatients who received CBT‐I demonstrated within group changes in PSQI and the PHQ‐9 scores at both 4 and 8 weeks posttreatment, but did not show between‐group differences. Additionally, 38% of the treatment participants achieved normal sleep at follow‐up compared with none in the control condition.ConclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence that abbreviated behavioral treatment has beneficial effects on residual insomnia and depression in long‐term psychiatric outpatients.
Qualitative analysis of files of four different rotary systems, before and after being used for the twelfth time
Authors: Yamazaki‐Arasaki Andréa Kanako , Cabrales Ricardo Júlio Salgado , Kleine Brígida Mônica , Araki Ângela Toshie , Dos Santos Marcelo , Prokopowitsch Igor 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to make a comparative evaluation of the surface topography of the cervical third and tip of four different rotary systems, before and after being used 12 times, in resin blocks with simulated root canals with standardized 45° curvatures, and analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). A total of 1,440 resin blocks with simulated root canals and standardized curvatures were used. The blocks were divided into four groups and prepared by the crown down technique according to the manufacturers' recommendations: Group 1 (G1)—K3®, Group 2 (G2)—Protaper Universal®, Group 3 (G3)—Twisted Files®, and Group 4 (G4)—Biorace®. After each preparation, the instruments were washed and autoclaved. A total of 24 instruments were selected, being three new instruments and three after having been used for the 12th time, from each group. These instruments were analyzed by SEM. To perform the evaluation, 24 micrographs were observed by 12 evaluators who attributed a score to the images according to a template. In the qualitative analysis of the cervical region and tip of new instruments, it was observe that the files of Groups G4 and G2 were the least rough and those of G1, the roughest. In the same manner, the cervical region of the instruments was qualitatively analyzed after the 12th time of using them, and there was no statistically significant difference at a level of 1% (ANOVA P < 0.01) between G2 and G4 as well as between G1 and G3. As regards the tip, it was observed that there was no statistically significant difference, at a level of 1%, between the groups: G1 and G3, G1 and G4, and between G3 and G4, and there was statistically significant difference at a level of 1%, between group G2 and the other groups, with G3 having the greatest roughness (ANOVA P < 0.01). Microsc. Res. Tech., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oral biofilm formation on the titanium and zirconia substrates
Authors: Do Nascimento Cássio , Da Rocha Aguiar Caio , Pita Murillo Sucena , Pedrazzi Vinícius , De Albuquerque Rubens Ferreira , Ribeiro Ricardo Faria 
Published: October 2012

AbstractOBJECTIVE: The aim of this randomized crossover investigation was to assess the biofilm formation on two titanium and one zirconia substrates in relation to the topography and surface roughness of the materials. METHODS: Twenty‐four discs specimens for each evaluated material (Machined pure titanium, Cast pure titanium, or Zirconia) were evaluated after oral cavity exposure in six healthy subjects. The study was conducted in 3 phases according to the material evaluated. Each subject was asked to use a removable splint containing 4 disks of the same tested substrate, 2 located in the anterior, and 2 in the posterior region. Participants were asked to use the intraoral splint during 24 h. The total biofilm covering on the discs was evaluated by 1% of neutral red staining. EMV and surface roughness was carried out to correlate with the biofilm found between different substrates. RESULTS: Data showed higher mean roughness values for zirconia (Zc) when compared with titanium specimens (MPT and CPT; P < 0.001). MPT and CPT presented no differences between them (P > 0.05). The mean percentage (%) of covering biofilm on substrates was 84.14 for MPT, 86.22 for CPT and 90.90 for Zc. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in the total area of formed biofilm among the tested groups. No correlation was found between surface roughness and the total amount of formed biofilm in the groups. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of some tin‐contained ancient glass beads found in China by means of SEM–EDS and raman spectroscopy
Authors: Li Qinghui , Liu Song , Su Bomin , Zhao Hongxia , Fu Qiang , Dong Junqing 
Published: October 2012

AbstractA total of nine tin‐contained ancient glass beads were characterized by a combination of scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy. These glass beads dated from 1st century BC to 10th century AD were excavated from the Xinjiang and Guangxi provinces of China. Two kinds of tin‐based opacifiers/colorants included crystalline cassiterite (SnO2) and lead‐tin yellow types II were first found in these soda lime glass beads. The tentative chronology of the tin‐based opacifiers/colorants used in ancient glasses from China and the West was compared. In addition, several transition metal ions colorants were also found in these beads. The detailed study of the glassy matrices, crystalline inclusions, and the microstructural heterogeneities for these glass beads has revealed some valuable information to trace the possible making technology and provenances. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.