bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A neural basis for learning sequential memory in brain loop structures
Authors: Sihn Duho , Kim Sung-Phil 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionBehaviors often involve a sequence of events, and learning and reproducing it is essential for sequential memory. Brain loop structures refer to loop-shaped inter-regional connection structures in the brain such as cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic and cortico-cerebellar loops. They are thought to play a crucial role in supporting sequential memory, but it is unclear what properties of the loop structure are important and why.MethodsIn this study, we investigated conditions necessary for the learning of sequential memory in brain loop structures via computational modeling. We assumed that sequential memory emerges due to delayed information transmission in loop structures and presented a basic neural activity model and validated our theoretical considerations with spiking neural network simulations.ResultsBased on this model, we described the factors for the learning of sequential memory: first, the information transmission delay should decrease as the size of the loop structure increases; and second, the likelihood of the learning of sequential memory increases as the size of the loop structure increases and soon saturates. Combining these factors, we showed that moderate-sized brain loop structures are advantageous for the learning of sequential memory due to the physiological restrictions of information transmission delay.DiscussionOur results will help us better understand the relationship between sequential memory and brain loop structures.
Mesenchymal stem cells for peripheral nerve injury and regeneration: a bibliometric and visualization study
Authors: Aisaiti Aikebaierjiang , Aierxiding Shalayiding , Shoukeer Kutiluke , Muheremu Aikeremujiang 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo use bibliometric methods to analyze the research hotspots and future development trends regarding the application of mesenchymal stem cells in peripheral nerve injury and regeneration.MethodsArticles published from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2023, were meticulously screened using the MeSH terms: TS = (“Mesenchymal stem cells” AND “Peripheral nerve injury”) OR TS = (“Mesenchymal stem cells” AND “Peripheral nerve regeneration”) within the Web of Science database. The compiled data was then subjected to in-depth analysis with the aid of VOSviewer and Cite Space software, which facilitated the identification of the most productive countries, organizations, authors, and the predominant keywords prevalent within this research domain.ResultsAn extensive search of the Web of Science database yielded 350 relevant publications. These scholarly works were authored by 2,049 collaborative researchers representing 41 countries and affiliated with 585 diverse academic and research institutions. The findings from this research were disseminated across 167 various journals, and the publications collectively cited 21,064 references from 3,339 distinct journals.ConclusionOver the past decade, there has been a consistent upward trajectory in the number of publications and citations pertaining to the use of mesenchymal stem cells in the realm of peripheral nerve injury and regeneration. The domain of stem cell therapy for nerve injury has emerged as a prime focus of research, with mesenchymal stem cell therapy taking center stage due to its considerable promise in the treatment of nerve injuries. This therapeutic approach holds the potential to significantly enhance treatment options and rehabilitation prospects for patients suffering from such injuries.
Cancer-specific alterations in nuclear matrix proteins determined by multi-omics analyses of ductal carcinoma in situ
Authors: Almutairy Ali F. , Alhamed Abdullah S. , Grant Stephen G. , Falso Miranda J. , Day Billy W. , Simmons Colton R. , Latimer Jean J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionBreast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer affecting women in the United States. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is the earliest identifiable pre-invasive BC lesion. Estimates show that 14 to 50% of DCIS cases progress to invasive BC.MethodsOur objective was to identify nuclear matrix proteins (NMP) with specifically altered expression in DCIS and later stages of BC compared to non-diseased breast reduction mammoplasty and a contralateral breast explant culture using mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing to accurately identify aggressive DCIS.ResultsSixty NMPs were significantly differentially expressed between the DCIS and non-diseased breast epithelium in an isogenic contralateral pair of patient-derived extended explants. Ten of the sixty showed significant mRNA expression level differences that matched the protein expression. These 10 proteins were similarly expressed in non-diseased breast reduction cells. Three NMPs (RPL7A, RPL11, RPL31) were significantly upregulated in DCIS and all other BC stages compared to the matching contralateral breast culture and an unrelated non-diseased breast reduction culture. RNA sequencing analyses showed that these three genes were increasingly upregulated with BC progression. Finally, we identified three NMPs (AHNAK, CDC37 and DNAJB1) that were significantly downregulated in DCIS and all other BC stages compared to the isogenically matched contralateral culture and the non-diseased breast reduction culture using both proteomics and RNA sequencing techniques.DiscussionThese genes should form the basis of, or contribute to, a molecular diagnostic panel that could identify DCIS lesions likely to be indolent and therefore not requiring aggressive treatment.
Changes in optic nerve sheath diameter and its correlation with degree of consciousness, pupil diameter, and light reflex in children with central nervous system infection after osmotherapy
Authors: Rizqiamuti Anggia F. , Risan Nelly A. , Solek Purboyo , Hakim Dzulfikar D. L. , Nugraha Harry G. , Hawani Dewi , Dewi Mia M. , Herini Elisabeth S. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundHigh intracranial pressure (ICP) is one of the most common complications of central nervous system (CNS) infection. Failure to control high intracranial pressure results in brain herniation and death. One of the treatments for high ICP involves the administration of osmotherapy in the form of 3% NaCl or 20% mannitol with observation during administration. Observation of ICP during administration of osmotherapy is possible through measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), which could be correlated with degree of consciousness, pupil diameter, and light reflex. Previous studies have not correlated ONSD with degree of consciousness, pupil diameter, and light reflex during the administration of osmotherapy.PurposeTo provide insights of incorporating ONSD measurement as a form of non-invasive bedside method for ICP monitoring by correlating it with degree of consciousness, pupil diameter, and light reflex at several time points.MethodsThis study is a prospective cohort study, performed at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Central Hospital Bandung, Cibabat General Regional Hospital, and General Regional Hospital Bandung Kiwari on children aged 2–18 years with decreased consciousness and CNS infection, from June 2023. Inter-rater reliability was performed with a correlation coefficient of 0.90. Measurement of ONSD, degree of consciousness, pupil diameter, and light reflex simultaneously up to 48 h after initiation of osmotherapy to 30 patients. Correlational analyses were performed using Spearman's rank.ResultsObservation for 48 h after administration of osmotherapy showed changes in ONSD. A significant positive correlation was found between ONSD and degree of consciousness (r = 0.621 for the right eye and r = 0.602 for the left eye, p &lt; 0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between ONSD and light reflex (r = 0.801 for the right eye and r = 0.812 for the left eye, p &lt; 0.001). No significant correlation was found with changes of pupil diameter (r = −0.136 for the right eye and r = −0.141 for the left eye, p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionA significant correlation was found between ONSD and degree of consciousness and light reflex in children aged 2–18 years with CNS infection during administration of osmotherapy.
Optimizing first-line TKI treatment efficacy in PD-L1-positive EGFR-mutated NSCLC: the impact of antiangiogenic agents
Authors: Jin Xuanhong , Pan Yang , Cheng Cheng , Shen Hangchen , Zhai Chongya , Yin Kailai , Zhu Xinyu , Pan Hongming , You Liangkun 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundIn individuals receiving treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), those exhibiting positive PD-L1 expression might experience reduced progression-free survival (PFS). However, the effects on overall survival (OS) and the determination of efficacious treatment approaches are still not well-defined.MethodsIn our retrospective study, we examined data from 193 NSCLC patients with advanced EGFR mutations who received first-line TKI treatments, treated at two centers of Shaw Hospital in Zhejiang, China. This analysis covered a period from 1 January 2016 to 30 April 2023.ResultsPatients with PD-L1 positivity exhibited a markedly shorter average PFS (9.5 months versus 17.8 months, P &lt; 0.001) and OS (44.4 months versus 65.7 months, P = 0.016) relative to those without PD-L1 expression. This difference in both PFS and OS remained statistically significant even after adjusting for multiple factors (P &lt; 0.001 for PFS and P = 0.028 for OS). In the PD-L1-positive cohort, introducing combination antiangiogenic significantly extended both PFS (from 9.1 to 25.7 months, P = 0.026) and OS (from 42 to 53.5 months, P = 0.03). Post-first-line TKI therapy, 39.3% of PD-L1-positive patients and 54.5% of PD-L1-negative patients developed the T790M mutation (P = 0.212), with no notable difference in PFS from second-line TKI treatments between the groups. Additionally, subsequent combination therapy with immunotherapy markedly prolonged OS in the PD-L1-positive group. However, for PD-L1-negative patients, neither combination antiangiogenic therapy nor later-line immunotherapy demonstrated significant benefits in PFS or OS.ConclusionFor PD-L1-positive patients, combined antiangiogenic treatments and immunotherapy can significantly improve survival outcomes. In contrast, PD-L1-negative patients show less benefit from these therapies, highlighting the greater efficacy of these treatments in PD-L1-positive individuals.
Real-world pharmacovigilance analysis of galsulfase: a study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database
Authors: Li Shangze , Huang Runcheng , Meng Yuanyuan , Liu Yijia , Qian Jiao , Zou Junjie , Yang Jun 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundAssociated with enzyme deficiencies causing glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) accumulation, mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS VI) is lysosomal storage disorder. In the treatment of MPS VI, galsulfase (Naglazyme) is commonly used as an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). There remains a need for comprehensive real-world data on its safety and associated adverse events (AEs).ObjectiveAn analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database will be conducted to identify potential risks and adverse reactions associated with galsulfase in real-life settings.MethodsThe FAERS database was used to extract data from Q2 2005 to Q4 2023. A total of 20,281,876 reports were analyzed after duplicate elimination, with 3,195 AE reports related to galsulfase identified. The association between galsulfase and AEs was investigated by utilizing four algorithms: reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN), and multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker (MGPS). The analysis focused on the timing of onset, signs of AEs, and clinical significance.ResultsTwenty seven organ systems were involved, and significant system organ classes (SOCs) included respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders, and infections and infestations. At the PT level, 72 PTs corresponding to 15 SOCs were identified, with some AEs not previously mentioned in the product label. AEs associated with galsulfase had a median onset time of 1,471 days, with over half of the cases occurred within the first 5 years of treatment initiation.ConclusionThis investigation delivers an exhaustive and indicative assessment of galsulfase’s safety profile, grounded in authentic, real-world evidence. The findings emphasis the importance of continuous safety surveillance and the emergence of new AEs. The identification of previously unreported urologic adverse events, such as glomerulonephritis membranous and nephritic syndrome, warrants further investigation. The study emphasizes the need for enhanced pharmacovigilance to ensure patient safety and the effectiveness of galsulfase treatment.
Commiphora myrrha n-hexane extract suppressed breast cancer progression through induction of G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptotic cell death by inhibiting the Cyclin D1/CDK4-Rb signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Huiming , Xie Jinxin , Wang Fei , Jiao Shungang , Li Xingxing , Wang Longyan , Liu Dongxiao , Wang Chaochao , Wei Xuejiao , Tan Peng , Tu Pengfei , Li Jun , Hu Zhongdong 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is one of the most frequently observed malignancies globally, yet drug development for BC has been encountering escalating challenges. Commiphora myrrha is derived from the dried resin of C. myrrha (T. Nees) Engl., and is widely adopted in China for treating BC. However, the anti-BC effect and underlying mechanism of C. myrrha remain largely unclear.MethodsMTT assay, EdU assay, and colony formation were used to determine the effect of C. myrrha n-hexane extract (CMHE) on the proliferation of human BC cells. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were assessed via flow cytometry analysis. Moreover, metastatic potential was evaluated using wound-scratch assay and matrigel invasion assay. The 4T1 breast cancer-bearing mouse model was established to evaluate the anti-BC efficacy of CMHE in vivo. RNA-sequencing analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblotting, immunohistochemical analysis, RNA interference assay, and database analysis were conducted to uncover the underlying mechanism of the anti-BC effect of CMHE.ResultsWe demonstrated the significant inhibition in the proliferative capability of BC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 by CMHE. Moreover, CMHE-induced G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis of the above two BC cell lines were also observed. CMHE dramatically repressed the metastatic potential of these two cells in vitro. Additionally, the administration of CMHE remarkably suppressed tumor growth in 4T1 tumor–bearing mice. No obvious toxic or side effects of CMHE administration in mice were noted. Furthermore, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis demonstrated that CMHE treatment inhibited the proliferative and metastatic abilities of cancer cells, while also promoting apoptosis in the tumor tissues of mice. Based on RNA sequencing analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblotting, and IHC assay, the administration of CMHE downregulated Cyclin D1/CDK4-Rb signaling pathway in BC. Furthermore, RNA interference assay and database analysis showed that downregulated Cyclin D1/CDK4 signaling cascade participated in the anti-BC activity of CMHE.ConclusionCMHE treatment resulted in the suppression of BC cell growth through the stimulation of cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and the induction of apoptotic cell death via the inhibition of the Cyclin D1/CDK4-Rb pathway, thereby enhancing the anti-BC effect of CMHE. CMHE has potential anti-BC effects, particularly in those harboring aberrant activation of Cyclin D1/CDK4-Rb signaling.
Rethinking treatment failures. Research on a group of Italian psychotherapists
Authors: Oasi Osmano , De Salve Francesca , Rossi Chiara , Maggio Simone , Casabona Ilaria , Molgora Sara 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPsychotherapeutic failures involve situational, relational, and personal factors. Dropout refers to a patient’s unilateral termination of treatment without the therapist’s knowledge or approval. Premature termination occurs when therapy is discontinued before achieving a sufficient reduction in initial problems.ObjectiveThis study explores the role of therapist’s emotional response (countertransference), gender, psychotherapeutic orientation, and patient diagnosis in the context of psychotherapeutic failures.MethodA mixed-method approach was used. Fifty-nine Italian psychotherapists, practicing mostly privately with at least 5 years of experience, were recruited through Italian professional internet websites. The Therapist Response Questionnaire and the Impasse Interview were administered to each psychotherapist. Each therapist was asked to reflect on their last dropout patient. Quantitative (MANOVA) and qualitative analyses (textual content analysis) were conducted with SPSS and T-LAB, respectively.ResultsThe quantitative analyses revealed that the most frequent countertransference response was Helpless/Inadequate, with female therapists experiencing this more frequently than male therapists. The qualitative analyses identified two main factors explaining most of the variance in countertransference responses: Parental/Protective versus Hostile/Angry, and Positive/Satisfying versus Helpless/Inadequate, with Helpless/Inadequate central. Additionally, the qualitative analysis of treatment interruption methods revealed two factors explaining over 50% of the variance. Lack of communication was linked to negative themes, while mediated and direct communication were associated with positive terms. Direct communication was characterized as useful, while mediated communication was linked to dropout and attachment figures.ConclusionUnder pressure, psychotherapists’ anxiety levels increase, often managed ambivalently or avoidantly. These results suggest that awareness of psychotherapist emotional responses is important to limit psychotherapeutic failures. These findings offer valuable insights for clinical practice.
Developing a brief telematic cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of social isolation in young adults
Authors: Rossetti Maria Gloria , Perlini Cinzia , Girelli Francesca , Zovetti Niccolò , Brambilla Paolo , Bressi Cinzia , Bellani Marcella 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe present study aims to present a novel cognitive-behavioral intervention protocol focused on treating social isolation through telematic interaction, thus overcoming common barriers characteristic of face-to-face interventions.MethodsWe examined current literature about face-to-face and telematic psychotherapeutic interventions for the treatment of social isolation in early adulthood. Current evidence is mixed, suggesting the need to develop novel interventions focused on patients’ cognitive functioning. Moreover, telematic interventions are promising candidates for overcoming common barriers intrinsic to the condition of social isolation.ResultsThe present 8-session model inspired by cognitive behavioral theoretical models and cognitive interventions currently present in the literature is thought to help socially isolated adult patients reduce clinical symptoms associated with the condition and lead to a reduction in the avoidance of social situations, leading to an improvement of the quality of life.ConclusionWe presented a telematic psychotherapeutic intervention aimed at helping adult patients suffering from social isolation who are unable to seek help from national health systems and face-to-face interventions, thus overcoming barriers intrinsic to social isolation. The present cognitive-behavioral treatment protocol has been developed in the context of a randomized clinical trial ongoing in Italy, aimed at implementing and testing the feasibility and effectiveness of multimodal digital interventions for treating social isolation.
Attachment styles and empathy in trainee nurses: the mediating and moderating roles of attitudes toward death
Authors: Wei Ting , Guo Meiyi , Jin Huanle , Zhang Bingren 
Published: August 2024

AimA growing body of evidence has shown that attachment styles and death attitudes have a significant impact on empathy. This study aimed to explore the precise role of death attitudes in the relationship between attachment styles and empathy levels among trainee nurses.MethodsA total of 626 Chinese trainee nurses with different attachment types were enrolled, and their attachment styles, death attitudes, and empathy levels were assessed using the Revised Adult Attachment Scale, the Death Attitude Profile-Revised, and the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Healthy Professionals, and finally, data from 566 participants were included for statistical analysis.ResultsWe found that among trainee nurses with secure attachment type, fear of death, approach acceptance, escape acceptance, and neutral acceptance (−) mediated the relationships between attachment-related avoidance/anxiety and their overall empathy levels and all its dimensions; in the preoccupied type, only neutral acceptance (−) mediated the relationships between attachment-related avoidance and their overall empathy levels and compassionate care; and in the fearful type, only fear of death mediated the relationship between attachment-related avoidance and compassionate care. Furthermore, in the secure type, neutral acceptance attenuated the negative predictions of attachment-related avoidance on overall empathy level and perspective taking.ConclusionAttitudes toward death played different mediating and moderating roles in the relationship between attachment styles and empathy among trainee nurses with different attachment types. In addition to acculturated empathy-specific training, targeted education related to death for trainee nurses with different attachment types is needed to prevent their compassion fatigue.