bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between microstructural integrity of frontostriatal tracts and school functioning: ADHD symptoms and executive function as mediators
Authors: Gau S. S. , Tseng W.-L. , Tseng W.-Y. I. , Wu Y.-H. , Lo Y.-C. 
Published: July 2014

BackgroundDeficits in executive function (EF), impaired school functioning and altered white matter integrity in frontostriatal networks have been associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, relationships between impairments in these areas are unclear. Using a sample of youths with and without ADHD, this study examined the association between microstructural integrity of frontostriatal tracts and school dysfunction and the mediating roles of EF and ADHD symptoms in this association.MethodThe sample included 32 Taiwanese youths with ADHD and 32 age-, sex-, handedness- and IQ-matched typically-developing (TD) youths. Participants were assessed using psychiatric interviews, parent reports on ADHD symptoms and school functioning, and EF measures from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). The frontostriatal tracts were reconstructed by diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) tractography and were subdivided into four functionally distinct segments: caudate–dorsolateral, caudate–medial prefrontal, caudate–orbitofrontal and caudate–ventrolateral tracts.ResultsYouths with ADHD, relative to TD youths, showed altered white matter integrity in all four bilateral pairs of frontostriatal tracts (decreased general fractional anisotropy, GFA), had poor attention, vigilance and response inhibition, and showed impaired school functioning. Altered microstructural integrity in frontostriatal tracts was significantly associated with school dysfunction, which was mediated by EF measures of attention/vigilance and response inhibition in addition to inattention and hyperactivity symptoms.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate an association between white matter integrity in the frontostriatal networks and school functioning and suggest that EF deficits and ADHD symptoms may be the mediating mechanisms for this association. Future research is needed to test the directionality and specificity of this finding.
Low-technology industries and the skill composition of immigration
Authors: Rheault Ludovic 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between the industry mix and policy decisions regarding the skill composition of immigration. I start with the premise that low- and high-technology industries are unequally affected by changes in the intensity of factors of production, and develop conflicting preferences over immigration policies. To avoid the negative reactions that would ensue from the depletion of regional industries, governments have incentives to adjust the skill composition of immigration in order to maintain the existing regional industry mix. I test the implications of this argument using data on Canadian provinces between 2001 and 2010, and a research design based on the two-stage least squares methodology. Overall, the empirical results are consistent with the theory: provinces relying intensively upon low-technology industries are likely to receive higher proportions of low-skilled immigrants. A consequence is that immigration policies may sustain existing technological gaps between regions and temper down the growth of high-technology sectors.
Tracing the reflective practices of student teachers in online modes
Authors: Farr Fiona , Riordan Elaine 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDuring the course of pre- and in-service teacher education programmes, reflection can happen in a number of ways, for example: reflective journals, personal stories and pair/group co-operative discussions, professional development portfolios, and blogs and electronic portfolios. The aim of this paper is to examine various technologies such as online chat, discussion forums and blogs, in terms of their suitability and affordances as reflective media. It begins by examining positional survey data gathered from student teachers (STs) who have used these social media over a period of time. Following this it focuses on one of the desired outcomes of Reflective Practice (RP), the construction of teacher identity as part of the process of becoming a professional. The construction of identity through the mediational tool of language used across these modes is examined through a corpus linguistics lens. Collections of language produced around RP activities are analysed as a corpus in quantitative and qualitative ways. These complementary sources of data in a mixed-methods approach provide some insights into the technologies and their potential in a Language Teacher Education (LTE) context. To this end, our findings suggest that blogs, in particular, foster narration, RP and the expression of identities, while chat and forums promote emotional and affective engagement, all of which can be useful to STs at the initial and continuing stages of their career.
Financial repression: what does it mean for savers and investors?
Authors: Fulcher Paul , Boardman Richard , Collier Ian , Gasser Hans-Christof , Price Rod , Shelley Paul , Softley Sarah 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
At the end of 2013 the real yields that the UK government had to pay on
its debt were negative over the whole curve. Several possible explanations
are available for this phenomenon – central bank action, regulatory changes,
demographic developments and economic conditions. The first two can result
from deliberate interaction by the state into the financial markets and can
be labelled as financial repression. We explain the historic precedents for
Governments to use financial repression to manage their debt, look into the
influence of regulation on asset allocation for insurers and pension funds,
and introduce the concept of a balance-sheet recession.
Exploration and forecasting of behaviours and factors relating to fruit and vegetable intake among seniors in the community
Authors: Hsu Pei-Ti , Liao Pei-Hung , Chu William , Yang Shiu-Yan , Chen I-Ju 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectiveThe present study investigated the current status of fruit and vegetable intake among seniors and assessed the relationship between personal background factors, social psychological factors and environmental factors of the study participants and their fruit and vegetable consumption behaviour.DesignResearch data were collected through individual interviews using a questionnaire developed by the authors. SPSS for Windows 15·0 statistical software was used to process and analyse the data.SettingElderly individuals sampled from all twenty-nine administration units of Keelung City’s Renai District were interviewed.SubjectsStudy participants included 398 residents aged 65 years or older.ResultsOn average, study participants ate five daily servings of fruits and vegetables on 2·86 d/week. The important variables influencing fruit and vegetable consumption were education level, outcome expectancy, social support, self-efficacy, frequency of dining out and role modelling. Educated participants consumed more fruits and vegetables than those without education. Outcome expectancy, social support, self-efficacy and role modelling had positive impacts on fruit and vegetable intake, but frequency of dining out had a negative impact on fruit and vegetable intake. The significant predictors of fruit and vegetable intake behaviour were education level, outcome expectancy, social support and frequency of dining out. Among those variables, social support was the most influential factor.ConclusionsOur findings supported the conclusion that health education strategies to increase fruit and vegetable intake among seniors should include the variables of social support and outcome expectancy.
Opposites don’t attract: high spouse concordance for dietary supplement use in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) cohort study
Authors: Lentjes Marleen AH , Welch Ailsa A , Keogh Ruth H , Luben Robert N , Khaw Kay-Tee 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectiveDietary supplements are commonly consumed but may not be beneficial for everyone. It is known that supplement users have healthy behaviour characteristics but until now concordance between spouses living in the same household has not been investigated and concordance may be an important behavioural determinant.DesignProspective cohort study, cross-sectional data analysis.SettingEuropean Prospective Investigation into Cancer in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) in the UK, recruitment between 1993 and 1998.SubjectsMarried (or living as married) participants sharing a household, who attended a health examination and completed a 7 d diet diary were included in the analysis (n 11 060). The age range was 39–79 years.ResultsNearly 75 % of the households in EPIC-Norfolk were concordant in their supplement use, with 46·7 % not using supplements and 27·0 % using supplements. Concordance increased with age; the percentage of concordant couples varied less by other sociodemographic characteristics. Participants who had a spouse who used a supplement were nearly nine times more likely to use a supplement (unadjusted). Depending on participants’ sex and type of supplement used, odds ratios for ‘supplement use by spouse’ in the prediction of participants’ supplement use varied between 6·2 and 11·7 adjusted for participants’ age, smoking status, BMI, social class, education level and physical activity.Conclusions‘Supplement use by spouse’ is an independent and the strongest predictor of participants’ supplement use. This phenomenon can be useful in the design of studies and health interventions; or when assessing risk of excessive intake from dietary supplements.
The protection of civilians mandate in UN peacekeeping operations: reconciling protection concepts and practices
Authors: Willmot Haidi , Sheeran Scott 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe ‘protection of civilians’ mandate in United Nations (UN) peacekeeping operations fulfils a critical role in realising broader protection objectives, which have in recent years become an important focus of international relations and international law. The concepts of the ‘protection of civilians’ constructed by the humanitarian, human rights and peacekeeping communities have evolved somewhat separately, resulting in disparate understandings of the associated normative bases, substance and responsibilities. If UN peacekeepers are to effectively provide physical protection to civilians under threat of violence, it is necessary to untangle this conceptual and normative confusion. The practical expectations of the use of force to protect civilians must be clear, and an overarching framework is needed to facilitate the spectrum of actors working in a complementary way towards the common objectives of the broader protection agenda.
Evolution of NO2 levels in Spain from 1996 to 2012
Authors: Cuevas Carlos A. , Notario Alberto , Adame José Antonio , Hilboll Andreas , Richter Andreas , Burrows John P. , Saiz-Lopez Alfonso 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe report on the evolution of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over Spain, focusing on the densely populated cities of Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid, Sevilla and Valencia, during 17 years, from 1996 to 2012. This data series combines observations from in-situ air quality monitoring networks and the satellite-based instruments GOME and SCIAMACHY. The results in these five cities show a smooth decrease in the NO2 concentrations of ~2% per year in the period 1996–2008, due to the implementation of emissions control environmental legislation and a more abrupt descend of ~7% per year from 2008 to 2012 as a consequence of the economic recession. In the whole Spanish territory the NO2 levels have decreased by ~22% from 1996 to 2012. Statistical analysis of several economic indicators is used to investigate the different factors driving the NO2 concentration trends over Spain during the last two decades.
Circularly polarised array antenna with cascade feed network for broadband application in C‐band
Authors: Karamzadeh S. , Rafii V. , Kartal M. , Ucan O.N. , Virdee Bal S. 
Published: July 2014

A new configuration of a circularly polarised square slot antenna (CPSSA) array operating in C‐band is presented. The array consists of 2 × 2 CPSSA elements and is fed by a novel feeding network consisting of the circuit stripline couplers and delay lines. The proposed feeding technique is applied to the 2 × 2 antenna array to increase the axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The measured impedance bandwidth for a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <2 is around 78.5% (3.4–7.8 GHz), the 3 dB AR bandwidth is about 35.7% (4.6–6.6 GHz) and the antenna has an average 14.2 dBic gain over the 3 dB AR bandwidth. The measured results corroborate well with the simulated results.
Low‐profile inverted‐L aircraft antenna with one folding using ground edge current
Authors: Park Young Ju , Ham Hyoung Jun , Ryu Hong Kyun , Lee Kyu Song , Woo Jong Myung 
Published: July 2014

A low‐profile inverted‐L antenna with one folding at 20−90 MHz bands for aircraft applications is presented. The designed antenna is installed on the top of the vertical stabiliser of an aircraft to increase the gain at 20 MHz using the ground edge current and to reduce air drag. The gain of the designed antenna is increased by 3 dB at 20 MHz, and the antenna length is reduced by 41% compared with the reference antenna, which is a folded monopole antenna coupled with a parasitic element. The measured 3 dB return loss bandwidth is 342.9 MHz (51.5%) and the peak gain at 200 MHz is −11.5 dBi for the 1/10 scaled sub‐model. In addition, the omnidirectional radiation pattern was observed in the operating frequency.
Reducing oscillator PM noise from AM–PM noise correlation
Authors: Hati A. , Nelson C.W. , Howe D.A. 
Published: July 2014

A new scheme for reducing the phase‐modulated (PM) noise of an oscillator from correlation between amplitude‐modulated (AM) and PM noise is presented. Experimental results of this correlation effect are also presented. An improvement of almost 10 dB in the PM noise is reported for frequency offsets with strong correlation.
p53Ψ is a transcriptionally inactive p53 isoform able to reprogram cells toward a metastatic-like state
Authors: Senturk Serif , Yao Zhan , Camiolo Matthew , Stiles Brendon , Rathod Trushar , Walsh Alice M. , Nemajerova Alice , Lazzara Matthew J. , Altorki Nasser K. , Krainer Adrian , Moll Ute M. , Lowe Scott W. , Cartegni Luca , Sordella Raffaella 
Published: July 2014

Significance
p53 is one of the most intensively studied tumor-suppressor genes. We identified a naturally occurring p53 isoform, generated by an alternative-splicing event, that, although lacking transcriptional activity and canonical tumor suppressor functions, is able to reprogram cells toward the acquisition of metastatic features via a cyclophilin D interaction in the mitochondria matrix. Interestingly, this isoform is expressed on tissue injury and in tumors characterized by increased metastatic spread. In some of these tumors, p53-like isoforms are generated by intron 6 mutations. This suggests a possible physiological origin of certain p53 mutations and indicates that mutations resulting in the generation of truncated p53Ψ-like proteins do more than create a 53-null state.
Efficient plant male fertility depends on vegetative nuclear movement mediated by two families of plant outer nuclear membrane proteins
Authors: Zhou Xiao , Meier Iris 
Published: July 2014

Significance
Double fertilization of the female gametophyte is vital for angiosperm reproduction and requires delivery of sperm cells through a pollen tube. The sperm cells and pollen vegetative nucleus together are called the male germ unit. The pollen tube grows a long distance from the stigma to the ovary, and the mode of male germ unit movement and sperm cell delivery is largely unknown. This study reveals that WPP domain-interacting protein, a plant analog of animal proteins known to control nuclear movement, and WPP domain-interacting tail-anchored protein are responsible for movement of the vegetative nucleus within pollen tubes and contribute to sperm cell-to-ovule migration. This finding marks a leap forward in our understanding of double fertilization and the mechanism of nuclear movement in plants as a whole.
Zinc transporter SLC39A10/ZIP10 facilitates antiapoptotic signaling during early B-cell development
Authors: Miyai Tomohiro , Hojyo Shintaro , Ikawa Tomokatsu , Kawamura Masami , Irié Tarou , Ogura Hideki , Hijikata Atsushi , Bin Bum-Ho , Yasuda Takuwa , Kitamura Hiroshi , Nakayama Manabu , Ohara Osamu , Yoshida Hisahiro , Koseki Haruhiko , Mishima Kenji , Fukada Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2014

Significance
Zinc deficiency is known to trigger lymphopenia, but the mechanisms behind zinc-mediated lymphocyte maintenance have been unclear. We demonstrated that zinc uptake into cells through the zinc transporter ZIP10 is essential for cell survival in early B-cell development. The ablation of ZIP10 caused an increase in caspase activity accompanied by reduced intracellular zinc in the early B-cell developmental stages. The JAK-STAT pathways regulated ZIP10 expression, and ZIP10 expression was correlated with STAT activation in B-cell lymphoma samples. Our results establish a physiological role for ZIP10 in early B-cell survival.
Zinc transporter SLC39A10/ZIP10 controls humoral immunity by modulating B-cell receptor signal strength
Authors: Hojyo Shintaro , Miyai Tomohiro , Fujishiro Hitomi , Kawamura Masami , Yasuda Takuwa , Hijikata Atsushi , Bin Bum-Ho , Irié Tarou , Tanaka Junichi , Atsumi Toru , Murakami Masaaki , Nakayama Manabu , Ohara Osamu , Himeno Seiichiro , Yoshida Hisahiro , Koseki Haruhiko , Ikawa Tomokatsu , Mishima Kenji , Fukada Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2014

SignificanceThe essential micronutrient zinc is known to modulate adaptive immune responses and dysregulated zinc homeostasis leads to immunodeficiency. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this zinc-mediated modulation are unknown. We show that the zinc transporter ZIP10 plays an important role in B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling.Zip10-deficiency in mature B cells attenuated both T-cell–dependent and –independent immune responses.Zip10-deficient mature B cells proliferated poorly in response to BCR cross-linking, as a result of dysregulated BCR signaling. Our data establish that ZIP10 functions as a cellular regulator to modulate BCR signaling in humoral immune responses.
Structural and thermodynamic consequences of burial of an artificial ion pair in the hydrophobic interior of a protein
Authors: Robinson Aaron C. , Castañeda Carlos A. , Schlessman Jamie L. , García-Moreno E. Bertrand 
Published: July 2014

Significance
Charges buried in hydrophobic environments in proteins play essential roles in energy transduction. We engineered an artificial ion pair in the hydrophobic core of a protein to demonstrate that buried ion pairs can be charged and stabilized, in this instance, by a strong Coulomb interaction worth 5 kcal/mol. Despite this interaction, the buried charge pair destabilized the folded protein because the Coulomb interaction recovered the energetic penalty for dehydrating only one of the two buried charges. Our results suggest how artificial active sites can be engineered in stable proteins without the need to design or evolve specialized structural adaptations to stabilize the buried charges. Minor structural reorganization is sufficient to mitigate the deleterious consequences of charges buried in hydrophobic environments.
BitPAl: a bit-parallel, general integer-scoring sequence alignment algorithm
Authors: Loving Joshua , Hernandez Yozen , Benson Gary 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Motivation: Mapping of high-throughput sequencing data and other bulk sequence comparison applications have motivated a search for high-efficiency sequence alignment algorithms. The bit-parallel approach represents individual cells in an alignment scoring matrix as bits in computer words and emulates the calculation of scores by a series of logic operations composed of AND, OR, XOR, complement, shift and addition. Bit-parallelism has been successfully applied to the longest common subsequence (LCS) and edit-distance problems, producing fast algorithms in practice.
Results: We have developed BitPAl, a bit-parallel algorithm for general, integer-scoring global alignment. Integer-scoring schemes assign integer weights for match, mismatch and insertion/deletion. The BitPAl method uses structural properties in the relationship between adjacent scores in the scoring matrix to construct classes of efficient algorithms, each designed for a particular set of weights. In timed tests, we show that BitPAl runs 7–25 times faster than a standard iterative algorithm.
Availability and implementation: Source code is freely available for download at http://lobstah.bu.edu/BitPAl/BitPAl.html . BitPAl is implemented in C and runs on all major operating systems.
Contact : jloving@bu.edu or yhernand@bu.edu or gbenson@bu.edu
Supplementary information : Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Identification of discrete classes of small nucleolar RNA featuring different ends and RNA binding protein dependency
Authors: Deschamps-Francoeur Gabrielle , Garneau Daniel , Dupuis-Sandoval Fabien , Roy Audrey , Frappier Marie , Catala Mathieu , Couture Sonia , Barbe-Marcoux Mélissa , Abou-Elela Sherif , Scott Michelle S. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are among the first discovered and most extensively studied group of small non-coding RNA. However, most studies focused on a small subset of snoRNAs that guide the modification of ribosomal RNA. In this study, we annotated the expression pattern of all box C/D snoRNAs in normal and cancer cell lines independent of their functions. The results indicate that C/D snoRNAs are expressed as two distinct forms differing in their ends with respect to boxes C and D and in their terminal stem length. Both forms are overexpressed in cancer cell lines but display a conserved end distribution. Surprisingly, the long forms are more dependent than the short forms on the expression of the core snoRNP protein NOP58, thought to be essential for C/D snoRNA production. In contrast, a subset of short forms are dependent on the splicing factor RBFOX2. Analysis of the potential secondary structure of both forms indicates that the k-turn motif required for binding of NOP58 is less stable in short forms which are thus less likely to mature into a canonical snoRNP. Taken together the data suggest that C/D snoRNAs are divided into at least two groups with distinct maturation and functional preferences.
ResistanceGA: An R package for the optimization of resistance surfaces using genetic algorithms
Authors: Peterman William E. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryUnderstanding how landscape features affect functional connectivity among populations is a cornerstone of landscape genetic analyses. However, parameterization of resistance surfaces that best describe connectivity is largely a subjective process that explores a limited parameter space.ResistanceGAis a newRpackage that utilizes a genetic algorithm to optimize resistance surfaces based on pairwise genetic distances and either CIRCUITSCAPE resistance distances or cost distances calculated along least cost paths. Functions in this package allow for the optimization of both categorical and continuous resistance surfaces, as well as the simultaneous optimization of multiple resistance surfaces.There is considerable controversy concerning the use of Mantel tests to accurately relate pairwise genetic distances with resistance distances. Optimization in uses linear mixed effects models with the maximum likelihood population effects parameterization to determine AICc, which is the fitness function for the genetic algorithm.ResistanceGAfills a void in the landscape genetic toolbox, allowing for unbiased optimization of resistance surfaces and for the simultaneous optimization of multiple resistance surfaces to create a novel composite resistance surface.