bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Cinchona‐Based Primary Amine‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Cascade Aza‐Michael—Aldol Reactions of Enones with 2‐(1H‐Pyrrol‐2‐yl)‐2‐oxoacetates: Synthesis of Chiral Pyrrolizines with Multistereocenters.
Authors: Lee Hyo‐Jun , Cho Chang‐Woo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis reaction gives pyrrolizine derivatives (III) and (V) with three consecutive stereocenters in good yields with high enantio‐ and diastereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Thermal Isomerization of Bis(spiropyrazolone)cyclopropanes into (4Z)‐4‐[(Pyrazol‐4‐yl)methylene]pyrazolones.
Authors: Dorofeeva Evgeniya O. , Elinson Michail N. , Vereshchagin Anatoly N. , Nigmatov Albert G. , Bushmarinov Ivan S. , Nikishin Gennady I. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe transformation can be achieved by heating substrates (I) in DMSO without the need for any catalyst or additional reagent.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of N‐Allenyl Amides with Azomethine Imines.
Authors: Zhou Wen , Li Xiao‐Xiao , Li Guo‐Hua , Wu Yun , Chen Zili 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAn efficient method is elaborated for the synthesis of 6‐methylenepyrazolopyrazolone (III) and 1‐methylenehexahydropyrazolo[5,1‐a]isoquinoline derivatives (X) by cycloaddition of N‐allenyl amides (II) with corresponding azomethine imines (I) and (IX), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Aminobenzoxazoles and 3‐Aminobenzoxazines via Palladium‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of o‐Aminophenols with Isocyanides.
Authors: Liu Bifu , Yin Meizhou , Gao Hanling , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPd(PPh3)4‐catalyzed treatment of o‐aminophenols with isocyanides in air provides a simple, mild, and efficient method to prepare a wide range of 2‐aminobenzoxazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross‐Coupling Reactions: A Route for Regioselective Functionalization of Coumarins.
Authors: Jafarpour Farnaz , Zarei Samaneh , Olia Mina Barzegar Amiri , Jalalimanesh Nafiseh , Rahiminejadan Soraya 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe straightforward and environmentally friendly method renders possible the preparation of various 3‐arylated and 3‐alkenylated coumarins.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 1,7‐Enyne Esters to Structurally Diverse cis‐1,2,3,6‐Tetrahydropyridin‐4‐yl Ketones.
Authors: Rao Weidong , Sally Sally , Koh Ming Joo , Chan Philip Wai Hong 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe gold complex AUC allows a new, stereospecific access to cis‐tetrahydropyridines such as (II) and (IV) via unprecedented 1,5‐acyl migration.
ChemInform Abstract: Montmorillonite K‐10 Catalyzed Green Synthesis of 2,6‐Unsubstituted Dihydropyridines as Potential Inhibitors of PDE4.
Authors: Reddy T. Ram , Reddy G. Rajeshwar , Reddy L. Srinivasula , Meda Chandana Lakshmi T. , Parsa Kishore V. L. , Kumar K. Shiva , Lingappa Y. , Pal Manojit 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA variety of 2,6‐disubstituted dihydropyridines (IV) (15 examples) is obtained in a multicomponent reaction of anilines, aldehydes and 3,3‐diethoxypropionate (I) using montmorillonite K10 as cheap and reusable catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Sc(OTf)3‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Cyclization for Synthesis of N‐Methylacridones.
Authors: Li Xi‐An , Wang Hong‐Li , Yang Shang‐Dong 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe title reaction represents the first example of an aldehyde directly participating in the intramolecular Friedel—Crafts alkylation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: General Synthesis of Sugar‐Derived Azepane Nitrones: Precursors of Azepane Iminosugars.
Authors: Yu Chu‐Yi , et al. et al. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe presented method provides access to unsymmetrical azepane nitrones by intramolecular condensation of aldehyde and hydroxylamine as the key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Dibenzazocine Skeleton by Regiocontrolled Ring Expansion Reaction of Cyclic Oxime with DIBAL‐H: Facile Synthesis of 17β‐Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 3 Inhibitor.
Authors: Cho Hidetsura , Iwama Yusuke , Okano Kentaro , Tokuyama Hidetoshi 
Published: July 2013

AbstractKey step in the synthesis of the title compound is the regioselective ring expansion of oximes (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Macrocyclization of 1,n‐Enynes.
Authors: Obradors Carla , Leboeuf David , Aydin Juhanes , Echavarren Antonio M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractMacrocycles can be assembled in moderate to good yields from large 1,n‐enynes (n=10‐16) through a [2+2]‐cycloaddition catalyzed by gold(I) under mild conditions giving rise to 9‐15‐membered macrocycles fused to a cyclobutene moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Acylsilanes via Nickel‐Catalyzed Reactions of α‐Hydroxyallylsilanes.
Authors: Reddy Gangireddy PavanKumar , Reddy J. Satyanarayana , Das Saibal , Roisnel Thierry , Yadav Jhillu S. , Chandrasekhar Srivari , Gree Rene 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTwo complementary strategies are applied for the preparation of acylsilanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of (E)‐δ‐Silyl‐anti‐homoallylic Alcohols via an Enantiodivergent Hydroboration‐Crotylboration Reaction of a Racemic Allenylsilane.
Authors: Chen Ming , Roush William R. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis new enantioselective hydroboration/crotylboration sequence of racemic allenylsilanes with (+)‐diisopinocampheylborane results in the formation of the title alcohols with excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: New Bisabolane Sesquiterpene from the Mycelia of Amanita virgineoides.
Authors: Asano Miho , Yamada Koji , Tanaka Takashi , Matsuo Yosuke , Kouno Isao 
Published: July 2013

AbstractVirgineol (I*) is isolated along with two known compounds, lignoren and harziandion, from the culture medium of Amanita virgineoides BAS.
ChemInform Abstract: Fundamental Studies of Well‐Defined Surfaces of Mixed‐Metal Oxides: Special Properties of MOx/TiO2(110) {M: V, Ru, Ce, or W}
Authors: Stacchiola Dario J. , Senanayake Sanjaya D. , Liu Ping , Rodriguez Jose A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractReview: 115 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Fluorinated Aminophosphonates and Aminophosphonic Acids
Authors: Turcheniuk Kostiantyn V. , Kukhar Valery P. , Roeschenthaler Gerd‐Volker , Acena Jose Luis , Soloshonok Vadim A. , Sorochinsky Alexander E. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractReview: 125 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane, B(C6F5)3: A Powerful, Well‐Soluble, Nonoxidizing Lewis Acid and the Weakly Coordinating Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate Anion, [B(C6F5)4]‐
Authors: Frohn Hermann‐Josef 
Published: July 2013

AbstractReview: 11 refs.
MHD mixed convective heat and mass transfer in a viscoelastic fluid in a porous medium towards a stretching sheet with viscous‐Ohmic heating and chemical reaction
Authors: Pal Dulal , Chatterjee Sewli 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA numerical model is developed to analyse the combined effects of mixed convection magnetohydrodynamic heat and mass transfer in a viscoelastic fluid in a porous medium with chemical reaction, non‐uniform heat source/sink and viscous‐Ohmic dissipation. The governing boundary layer equations for momentum, energy and species transfer are transformed to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using similarity solutions which are then solved numerically. The effects of magnetic field on local skin‐friction, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number are studied for various physical parameters. The results show that there are significant effects of various physical parameters on velocity profiles, temperature and concentration profiles.
Nutritional Targets for Modulation of the Microbiota in Obesity
Authors: Pimentel Gustavo D. , Micheletti Thayana O. , Pace Fernanda 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Preclinical Research

The gut microbiota is being increasingly appreciated by both clinical and research professionals as the human ancestral genome has undergone modification by the microbes that colonize the human body. The gut is now known to be a key metabolic organ that contains some 15 000 bacterial species that influence health and chronic diseases, the latter including obesity, type 2 diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and hypertension. Based on the potentially beneficial effects of nutrients, this review discusses how obesity disturbs the gut microbiota. Additionally, the main dietary nutrients known to modulate the intestine microbiome were highlighted.
Therapeutic Potential of the Human Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Authors: Borody Thomas J. , Peattie Debra , Campbell Jordana 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Clinical Development Phases I‐III Regulatory, Quality, Manufacturing

Scientific breakthroughs in deciphering the human gut microbiome and the clinical success of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to treat recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (R‐CDI) are driving therapeutic advances based on human gut microbiota. Due to the powerful therapeutic capacity of FMT and the keen interest for FMT‐related products approved by regulatory agencies it is timely to review the growing field of therapeutics rooted in the human microbiome, emphasizing FMT but also considering probiotics, vaccines, bacteriophages, and bioactive products. The diminishing effectiveness of antibiotics and the increasing rates of antibiotic resistance have renewed interest in finding alternative methods to combat bacterial infections. Despite pharmaceutical investment in developing new and more effective antibiotics, infectious disease experts warn of a compelling need to develop antibacterial agents distinct from antibiotics. Probiotics have been recognized as beneficial to human health for over one hundred years. The most powerful probiotic of all, the gastrointestinal microbiota, houses approximately 100 trillion species of bacteria, many of which produce a wealth of potent components, such as antimicrobial bacteriocins, metabolites, vitamins, and bacteriophages. The success of human gut microbiota in treating R‐CDI and restoring gut homeostasis has highlighted the power of “nature's complete probiotic” and is propelling fecal microbiota along a therapeutic biologic regulatory path. Clinical use of FMT in R‐CDI has also taught us that other conditions, e.g., ulcerative colitis, characterized by superinfected and dysbiotic microbiomes may benefit from restoring gut homeostasis with normal microbiota, leading to active efforts to develop therapeutics from the human gut microbiome.
Formation of double‐layered ejecta craters on Mars: A glacial substrate model
Authors: Weiss David K. , Head James W. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA class of Martian impact craters with particularly unusual ejecta characteristics (double‐layered ejecta (DLE) craters) are preferentially located in the midlatitudes in both hemispheres of Mars. Unlike today, decameters thick deposits of snow and ice occupied these same latitudes for significant periods during the Amazonian period. We assess the hypothesis that the unusual double‐layer morphology could be related to impact into a snow and ice glacial substrate followed by landsliding of ejecta off of the structurally uplifted rim. We find that many characteristics of DLE craters (e.g., latitudinal distribution, lack of secondaries, landslide‐like textures, evidence for overthrusting, relation to other crater types, etc.) are consistent with such an origin.
Integrating a process‐based ecosystem model with Landsat imagery to assess impacts of forest disturbance on terrestrial carbon dynamics: Case studies in Alabama and Mississippi
Authors: Chen Guangsheng , Tian Hanqin , Huang Chengquan , Prior Stephen A. , Pan Shufen 
Published: July 2013

AbstractForest ecosystems in the southern United States are dramatically altered by three major disturbances: timber harvesting, hurricane, and permanent land conversion. Understanding and quantifying effects of disturbance on forest carbon, nitrogen, and water cycles is critical for sustainable forest management in this region. In this study, we introduced a process‐based ecosystem model for simulating forest disturbance impacts on ecosystem carbon, nitrogen, and water cycles. Based on forest mortality data classified from Landsat TM/ETM + images, this model was then applied to estimate changes in carbon storage using Mississippi and Alabama as a case study. Mean annual forest mortality rate for these states was 2.37%. Due to frequent disturbance, over 50% of the forest land in the study region was less than 30 years old. Forest disturbance events caused a large carbon source (138.92 Tg C, 6.04 Tg C yr‐1; 1 Tg = 1012 g) for both states during 1984–2007, accounting for 2.89% (4.81% if disregard carbon storage changes in wood products) of the total forest carbon storage in this region. Large decreases and slow recovery of forest biomass were the main causes for carbon release. Forest disturbance could result in a carbon sink in few areas if wood product carbon was considered as a local carbon pool, indicating the importance of accounting for wood product carbon when assessing forest disturbance effects. The legacy effects of forest disturbance on ecosystem carbon storage could last over 50 years. This study implies that understanding forest disturbance impacts on carbon dynamics is of critical importance for assessing regional carbon budgets.
Use of mixture design to construct a consortium of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit extract and potentially probiotic Bacillus strain to confer protection against vibriosis in Artemia culture
Authors: Mahdhi Abdelkarim , Bahi Abir , Mzah Dorra , Bakhrouf Amina 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo find a biological control treatment applicable to shrimp hatcheries, the influence of the dietary administration of a consortium of two date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit extracts and potentially probiotic Bacillus strain on Artemia culture was studied. Challenge tests were performed with virulent Vibrio alginolyticus to assess the protective effects of Deglet Nour and Degla fruit extracts alone or in conjunction with potentially probiotic Bacillus strain.RESULTSUnder the conducted bioassays, where Deglet Nour and Degla fruit extracts were used singly or in association with potentially probiotic Bacillus strain, the survival and growth rates of Artemia nauplii were improved. Nauplii protection against virulent Vibrio strain was highest using a feed comprising 2.7% Deglet Nour/97.3% Deglat extract and no Bacillus bacteria.CONCLUSIONThe present findings provide evidence that the use of palm fruit extracts singly or in conjunction with potentially probiotic Bacillus strain has tremendous potential as a biocontrol treatment for Artemia culture, particularly with regard to improving culture conditions and the ability to inhibit bacterial pathogens under in vivo conditions. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
European randomized lung cancer screening trials: Post NLST
Authors: Field John K. , van Klaveren Rob , Pedersen Jesper H. , Pastorino Ugo , Paci Eugino , Becker Nikolauss , Infante Maurizo , Oudkerk Matthijs , de Koning Harry J. ,   on behalf of the European Randomized Screening Trial Group
Published: July 2013

AbstractOverview of the European randomized lung cancer CT screening trials (EUCT) is presented with regard to the implementation of CT screening in Europe; post NLST. All seven principal investigators completed a questionnaire on the epidemiological, radiological, and nodule management aspects of their trials at August 2010, which included 32,000 people, inclusion of UKLS pilot trial will reach 36,000. An interim analysis is planned, but the final mortality data testing is scheduled for 2015. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013 108:280–286. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
δ13C and δ15N Characterization of Modern Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) from the Patagonian Andean Forest. Scope and Limitations of Their Use as a Geographical Marker
Authors: Tessone Augusto , Fernández Pablo Marcelo , Bellelli Cristina , Panarello Héctor 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper presents an isotopic characterization (δ13C and δ15N) of modern huemul from Patagonian Andean forest. This deer is considered an endemic species, now inhabiting the sub‐Antarctic forest of Chile and Argentina. We analyse if the isotopic signals of the modern huemuls can be used as geographic markers on two distinct spatial scales. Firstly, on the intra‐forest level, we analyse the relation between the δ13C and δ15N of the huemul and the annual precipitation in the place in which the sample was collected. Secondly, on the inter‐environmental level, we evaluate to what extent the huemul's isotopic signal differs from that of the guanaco (Lama guanicoe), an herbivore that occupies Patagonia's continental steppe. The results reveal that, on the one hand, there is no relation between the isotopic values of modern huemules and precipitation levels, whereas on the other hand, the modern huemul is different from the guanaco in both isotopes. We believe that this difference between the herbivores is associated with the isotopic signals at the base trophic chain, which is influenced by the precipitation gradient. In this way, even though for now, these isotopic markers turn out not to be useful for differentiating between huemuls coming from sectors of the forest with marked differences in precipitation, it is possible to distinguish herbivores coming from the forest and steppe of continental Patagonia, enabling the use of δ13C and δ15N as geographic markers. The isotopic characterization of δ13C and δ15N of the modern huemuls and its relation to the Patagonian Andean forest has strong implications for paleoecological and archaeological aspects of this environment, including the biogeographical history of the huemul, and in order to the test the models of use and exploitation of the forest by hunter‐gatherers in the past. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A systematic approach to relief and flare systems evaluation
Authors: Melhem Georges A. 
Published: July 2013

The process industries are primarily concerned with the reliability, availability, auditability, and maintainability of relief and flare systems data. These data are critical component of process safety information and its lifecycle must be properly managed to ensure sound process safety management and loss prevention programs.For most large facilities, the process of managing the lifecycle of relief and flare systems data are complex and fraught with challenges and risks, whether the work is performed internally or contracted out. For existing large facilities, the process of relief and flare systems evaluations require mechanical and process data collection, field verification, up to date heat and material balances, information about process safeguards, scenario identification, establishing relief requirements, identification and risk ranking of deficiencies, and managing the corrective actions process for addressing deficiencies where applicable.Reliability is influenced by many technical and human factors including the quality of data, adequacy of tools used for analysis, the qualifications of the relief systems engineers performing the scenario identification, and relief and flare systems evaluations.Availability primarily deals with how quickly can one access accurate and up to date relief and flare systems data. This is especially challenging since relief systems data are not all “structured” data and are interconnected with other engineering data systems.Auditability involves version control and the management of revisions and/or modifications of relief and flare systems that typically result from plant/process modifications, process hazard analysis, incident investigations, etc.Maintainability requires keeping the relief and flare systems data forever green and enabling efficient reviews and revisions.This article describes a systematic web‐based workflow methodology for managing the lifecycle of relief and flare systems data for a single site or at a corporate level. The workflow methodology breaks the flare and relief systems data lifecycle into discrete components and activities, with built‐in review, approval, quality management, and reporting. Built‐in business and engineering rules ensure that all activities can only progress when specific quality criteria are met.This system was developed based on our experience with the execution of many such large scale projects for refineries, chemical, and petrochemical facilities. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 32: 230–238, 2013
Ensemble transform Kalman–Bucy filters
Authors: Amezcua Javier , Ide Kayo , Kalnay Eugenia , Reich Sebastian 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTwo recent works have adapted the Kalman–Bucy filter into an ensemble setting. In the first formulation, the ensemble of perturbations is updated by the solution of an ordinary differential equation (ODE) in pseudo‐time, while the mean is updated as in the standard Kalman filter. In the second formulation, the full ensemble is updated in the analysis step as the solution of single set of ODEs in pseudo‐time. Neither requires matrix inversions except for the frequently diagonal observation error covariance.We analyse the behaviour of the ODEs involved in these formulations. We demonstrate that they stiffen for large magnitudes of the ratio of background error to observational error variance, and that using the integration scheme proposed in both formulations can lead to failure. A numerical integration scheme that is both stable and is not computationally expensive is proposed. We develop transform‐based alternatives for these Bucy‐type approaches so that the integrations are computed in ensemble space where the variables are weights (of dimension equal to the ensemble size) rather than model variables.Finally, the performance of our ensemble transform Kalman–Bucy implementations is evaluated using three models: the 3‐variable Lorenz 1963 model, the 40‐variable Lorenz 1996 model, and a medium complexity atmospheric general circulation model known as SPEEDY. The results from all three models are encouraging and warrant further exploration of these assimilation techniques.
Nutrition and bioprocess development for efficient biosynthesis of an antitumor compound from marine-derived fungus
Authors: Zhou Weiqiang , Cai Menghao , Zhou Jiushun , Jiang Tao , Zhou Jiao , Wang Meixia , Zhou Xiangshan , Zhang Yuanxing 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
An integrated nutrition and bioprocess strategy was developed for improving the biosynthesis of an antitumor compound, 1403C, by a marine-derived fungus, Halorosellinia sp. (no. 1403). First, statistical design strategies were synthetically applied to optimize the nutritional composition. The resulting 1403C production reached 2.07 g/l, which was 143.5 % higher than the original production. However, it only produced 0.44 g/l of 1403C in 5-l bioreactor fermentation. Thus, the operating parameters including culture pH, dissolved oxygen, agitation speed, impeller type and inoculum level were considered to improve the fermentation process, and an effective control strategy for 1403C production by Halorosellinia sp. submerged in a 5-l bioreactor was established. When inoculating 0.22 g/l dry biomass, controlling dissolved oxygen not lower than 30 % during the growth phase but ranging between 30 and 40 % during the stationary phase, using a double-layer six-flat-blade Rushton disc turbine agitated at 400 rpm, keeping short-term low pH and rapid-rising pH with glucose starvation, the highest 1403C production was finally obtained at 1.32 g/l, which was promoted by 200 % compared to before optimization. Fermentation scale-up was finally performed in a 500-l bioreactor, and 1403C production of 1.09 g/l was obtained.
Social cognition is not a special case, and the dark matter is more extensive than recognized
Authors: Cummins Fred 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe target article's approach is applauded, but it is suggested that the “dark matter” may be much larger than even the current authors suspect. Cartesian and mechanistic assumptions infuse not only the discipline of cognitive psychology, but all societal accounts of the person. A switch to dynamical accounts in which lawfulness is observed within a given systemic context is suggested.