bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between metabolic indices and milk yield in Saanen goats exposed to heat stress in semi-tropical climates
Authors: Akkaya Fatma , Mecitoğlu Zafer , Şentürk Sezgin , Koşum Nedim , Kasap Sevim , Takma Çiğdem , Taskin Turgay , Yalçin Murat , Kandemir Çağrı 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the effects of heat stress on 30 Saanen goats of different ages (young, middle-aged, and old). The average temperature and humidity values during the trial were 27.82 °C and 40.65%, respectively. Statistically significant differences in pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (SS), and temperature humidity index (THI) were found between months (P < 0.05). Beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) values were found to be statistically significant in the young and middle-aged group (P < 0.05), with the highest in the middle-aged group obtained in June (0.65 mmol/L). Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and urea (BUN) were significantly different (P < 0.05) in all age groups, whereas creatinine values showed no significant differences between groups. Significant positive relationships were found between body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS), as well as pulse rate (PR) and daily average daily milk yield (DAMY) (P < 0.01). A positive correlation was also found between the respiratory rate (SS) and pulse rate (P < 0.01). As a result, although attempts have been made to prevent the decrease in productivity with applications for animals under heat stress, the optimal strategy may be to address the source of the problem. Issues that cause heat accumulation in the body should be identified and necessary arrangements should be made in the shelter to distribute heat to ensure that animals are less affected. Shaded areas should be provided in cases of stress caused by heat. An appropriate structural arrangement for temperature, humidification, and ventilation systems, as well as the provision of abundant fresh drinking water, would also be beneficial.
Effects of metal oxide inhalation on the transcription of some hormone receptors in the brain, examined in an in vivo mouse model
Authors: Kiss David Sandor , Toth Istvan , Bartha Tibor , Jerzsele Akos , Zsarnovszky Attila , Pasztine Gere Erzsebet , Ondrasovicova Silvia , Varro Petra , Kovago Csaba 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRespirable metal oxide nanoparticles in welding fumes pose significant health risks upon inhalation, potentially leading to neurodegenerative diseases. While the exact mechanisms remain unclear, it is evident that metal oxide nanoparticles can disrupt cellular functions, including metabolism and inflammatory responses after crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Our study investigates the impact of manual metal arc welding fumes on hormone receptor transcription in an in vivo mouse model. After collecting samples from six different brain regions at 24 and 96 h upon exposure, we focused on expression levels of estrogen receptors (ERs), thyroid hormone receptors (TRs), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) due to their roles in modulating neuroprotective responses and neuroinflammatory processes. Analysis revealed differential susceptibility of brain regions to hormonal disruption induced by welding fumes, with the hypothalamus (HT) and olfactory bulb (OB) showing prominent changes in receptor expression. Considering ERs, 24 h sampling showed an elevation in OB, with later increases in both ERα and ERβ. HT showed significant ERβ change only by 96 h. TRs mirrored ER patterns, with notable changes in OB and less in HT. PPARγ followed TR trends, with early upregulation in HT and downregulation elsewhere. These findings suggest a compensatory response within the CNS aimed at mitigating neuroinflammatory effects, as evidenced by the upregulation of ERβ, TRα, and PPARγ. The coordinated increase in ERs, TRs, and PPARs in the hypothalamus and olfactory bulb also highlights their potential neuroprotective roles in response to welding fume exposure. Our results also support the theory of metal oxide penetration to the CNS via the lungs-blood-BBB pathway, making HT and OB more vulnerable to welding fume exposure.
A dual-instrument Kalman-based tracker to enhance robustness of microsurgical tools tracking
Authors: Magro Mattia , Covallero Nicola , Gambaro Elena , Ruffaldi Emanuele , De Momi Elena 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose:

The integration of a surgical robotic instrument tracking module within optical microscopes holds the potential to advance microsurgery practices, as it facilitates automated camera movements, thereby augmenting the surgeon’s capability in executing surgical procedures.

Methods:

In the present work, an innovative detection backbone based on spatial attention module is implemented to enhance the detection accuracy of small objects within the image. Additionally, we have introduced a robust data association technique, capable to re-track surgical instrument, mainly based on the knowledge of the dual-instrument robotics system, Intersection over Union metric and Kalman filter.

Results:

The effectiveness of this pipeline was evaluated through testing on a dataset comprising ten manually annotated videos of anastomosis procedures involving either animal or phantom vessels, exploiting the Symani®Surgical System—a dedicated robotic platform designed for microsurgery. The multiple object tracking precision (MOTP) and the multiple object tracking accuracy (MOTA) are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, and a new metric is computed to demonstrate the efficacy in stabilizing the tracking result along the video frames. An average MOTP of 74±0.06% and a MOTA of 99±0.03% over the test videos were found.

Conclusion:

These results confirm the potential of the proposed approach in enhancing precision and reliability in microsurgical instrument tracking. Thus, the integration of attention mechanisms and a tailored data association module could be a solid base for automatizing the motion of optical microscopes.
On equal terms?
Authors: Endres Susanna , Evers Tanja , Rothenberger Liane 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVulnerable groups are characterised by a special need for protection, e.g. because they are linguistically, cognitively or physically impaired or traumatised or have not yet developed certain abilities. So far, communication research has not addressed vulnerable groups as research participants from an ethical-reflective perspective—whether they are interviewed or observed in a study or exposed to potentially (re)traumatising content as transcribers or coders in a content analysis or as part of a research team. This article fills this gap by, firstly, specifying the concept of vulnerability and relating different approaches and models from procedural and situational ethics. Secondly, along the research process of study planning, sampling, data collection, processing, analysis and publication, the article focuses on phase-specific challenges and ethical considerations in working with vulnerable groups. Based on various examples, the possibilities and limitations of communication studies, along with other fields, are highlighted. The article concludes with recommendations for future studies and raises key questions that can guide self-reflection before and during communication research with vulnerable groups.
Impact of Seed Germination on the Physicochemical Properties of Lupin Flours and the Physicochemical and Techno-functional Properties of Their Protein Isolates
Authors: Navarro-Vozmediano Paola , Bou Ricard , García-Pérez José V. , Dalmau Esperanza , Benedito José J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Nowadays
, lupin seeds have emerged as a novel and valuable source of proteins representing a sustainable alternative to current raw materials of plant-based proteins, such as soybean. In this regard, lupin demonstrates superior adaptation to the Mediterranean climate with improved tolerance to water stress. However, its suitability for human consumption is limited due to the presence of anti-nutritional and anti-technological factors, including alkaloids, polyphenols, tannins, and lipids, which can have adverse nutritional consequences and/or impact on the purity and yield of protein extraction. In this study, the Lupinus luteus seeds were germinated for 1, 2, 3, and 6 days and the effect of germination on the anti-nutritional and anti-technological factors of flours and derived protein isolates was analyzed. Additionally, changes on techno-functional properties of lupin protein isolates were also studied. Results showed that prolonged germination decreased fat content whereas antioxidant activity, polyphenols, saponin, and alkaloid content of flours increased. However, alkaloids were completely removed during protein extraction. Furthermore, protein isolates derived from germinated seeds exhibited higher water and oil absorption capacities, as well as improved foaming and emulsifying capabilities in comparison to isolates from non-germinated seeds. Nevertheless, prolonged germination periods were associated with diminished foam and emulsion stability. Therefore, germination of lupin seeds for no longer than 3 days should be recommended in order to minimize the levels of anti-nutritional and anti-technological factors, while enhancing techno-functional properties of the isolate.
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Testicular Toxicity Through Inflammation and Reducing Testosterone and Cell Viability in Adult Male Rats
Authors: Ahmed Dina H. , El-Beih Nadia M. , El-Hussieny Enas A. , El-Sayed Wael M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractZinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have wide applications in daily life. Therefore, there is growing interest in the potential harmful impacts of these particles on human health. The present study was conducted to investigate the potential toxic effects of ZnO NPs (40 and 70 nm) compared to ZnO on the testes of rats. ZnO NPs were synthesized and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Adult male rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8): Group I (control), Group II (ZnO) received daily oral administration of ZnO (50 mg/kg), and Groups III and IV received daily oral administration of ZnO NPs of 40 nm or 70 nm at 50 mg/kg, respectively. All treatments continued for 50 consecutive days. ZnO and ZnO NPs reduced body and testis weights, sperm count and motility, serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone levels, testicular cytochrome p450 17A1 (CYP17A1) and cytochrome p450 1B1 (CYP1B1) concentrations, and the expression of p53 and cdk1. These treatments elevated testicular myeloperoxidase and serum acid phosphatase activities as well as sperm abnormalities. ZnO NPs reduced LH levels, which decreased CYP17A1 and CYP1B1, resulting in reduced synthesis of testosterone. ZnO NPs enhanced testicular inflammation and reduced cell viability. All these effects were manifested as reduced sperm motility and increased sperm deformities. Compared to macromolecules, nanoparticles exhibited significantly higher toxicity. The larger diameter ZnO NPs had more profound toxicity than the smaller-sized particles.
Case report: Electrocardiographic (ECG) recording during the hanging process
Authors: Ungermann E. M. , Balikowski M. , Hemker J. , Feld K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA 48-year-old woman was found hanged in the bathroom. She was wearing a Holter monitor, which was later analysed by a cardiologist. During autopsy, findings congruent with atypical hanging were collected. The ECG showed a 20 s asystole and four minutes later bradycardia, which progressed to a second-degree AV-block Mobitz I, then Mobitz II, then to a third-degree AV-block. Finally, only P waves could be observed, before heart action ceased. This is one of few cases reporting ECG-changes during hanging and might give further insight into the complex pathophysiology of this type of death.
Elucidating the role of social media usage on eating behavior and hedonic hunger in college students: a cross-sectional design
Authors: Dumlu Bi̇lgi̇n Gözde , Keküllüoğlu Tan Melis , Yıldırım Güler Aleyna , Sarıgül Sevdaşahnur , Güzel Dila , Sökeli̇ Nadin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSocial media has become prominent in recent years, especially among the young population, and they also substantially impact young people’s eating habits. Furthermore, social media posts and visual interactions may trigger hedonic hunger, an increased desire for highly palatable food. This study aimed to explore the relationship between social media use and the concept of hedonic hunger in a sample of college students. 860 participants between 18 and 39 were recruited for the study. Data including demographic variables, weight, height, the Scale of Effects of Social Media on Eating Behavior (SESMEB), and the Turkish version of the Power of Food Scale (PFS) were gathered based on students’ self-reports via face-to-face interviews. The most used social media outlet among all students was Instagram (60.1%), the average time spent on social media was 3.56 ± 1.91 h, and females spent significantly more time on social media than males (p < 0.001). The mean PFS score was 3.52 ± 0.77, and the subscale scores for food availability, food present, and food tasted were 3.26 ± 0.99, 3.49 ± 0.89, and 3.76 ± 0.87, respectively. Female students who spent more than 2 h on social media had higher scores on SESMEB than those who spent 2 h or less a day (p = 0.015).​ A significantly positive correlation was found between SESMEB scores and PFS aggregated scores (r = 0.381) and subscale scores (for food availability, present, and tasted, r = 0.369; r = 0.354; and r = 0.282, respectively). Each 1-unit increase in the SESMEB score leads to an 8% increase in the risk of hedonic hunger. Considering the impact of social media on young people’s eating habits and developing strategies may be crucial in shaping their eating patterns.
In It Together: effects from a randomized controlled trial of a digital intervention for elderly individuals with sensory loss and their spouses
Authors: Øverup Camilla S. , Hald Gert Martin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSensory impairment is common in older age and is associated with intra- and interpersonal struggles, however, treatment efforts may be hampered by functional difficulties or unwillingness to seek face-to-face mental health services. The current study examined the efficacy of an online psychological intervention for older adults with sensory loss and their spouses in Denmark, using a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial study design with a wait-list control group. The intervention consisted of four digital, sequential modules that contained psychoeducation and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy inspired therapeutic activities. Individuals (N = 662) completed online surveys (using the SurveyXact platform) at baseline, 6 weeks, and 10 weeks post-baseline, in terms of well-being, relationship satisfaction, and depressive symptoms. The data were analyzed in SAS, version 9.4, using multilevel modeling to account for non-independence of data (nesting within participant and within couple), specifying an alpha level of 0.05. Inconsistent with the hypotheses, we found that the intervention group reported poorer well-being at 6 weeks, compared to the control group, and we found no effect in terms of relationship satisfaction or depressive symptoms. As the first study of an online intervention for older adults with sensory loss and their spouses, the study highlights the need for simple login procedures, and we speculate whether a user customizable format may be better, features that might be useful for any digital intervention aimed at elderly populations. These features may be of particular importance in implementing digital interventions into standard healthcare practices.
Umwelt and Melody: The Inter-Species Dynamics of Search and Rescue Dog Teams
Authors: Kasprzak Krystof , Bornemark Jonna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis text explores Search and Rescue (SAR) dog work, examining the interplay of Umwelt, semiosis, and behavior in both dogs and humans. Drawing on Uexküll’s notion of Umwelt, the discussion unfolds across two semiotic levels: endosemiosis, involving the constitution of species-specific Umwelten through non-mimetic processes, and exosemiosis, reflecting semiotic interactions within the established Umwelt. Emphasizing the Kantian influence on Uexküll, the text parallels the concept of transcendental schematism with monogram drafting, illustrating how organisms constitute their Umwelten. The exploration extends to Merleau-Ponty’s interpretation of the monogram in Kant and the Umwelt in Uexküll, framing behavior as melodic and underscoring the reciprocal influence between an organism and its Umwelt. Shifting focus to SAR dog teams, the essay elucidates the melodic teamwork between human handlers and dogs. It discerns the convergence of distinct search tones—human-driven rescue tones and dog-driven reward tones—harmonizing in a dynamic inter-species melody. The melodic metaphor, inspired by Merleau-Ponty, illuminates the shared behavioral space where humans and dogs contribute tonalities to the melody of SAR searches. The exploration underscores the handler’s role in facilitating this melodic collaboration, requiring interpretation deeply immersed in the movements of the dog, and a balance between guidance and trust in the dog’s autonomy during the search.
Ontology-Driven Automated Reasoning About Property Crimes
Authors: Navarrete Francisco , Garrido Ángel L. , Bobed Carlos , Atencia Manuel , Vallecillo Antonio 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe classification of police reports according to the typification of the criminal act described in them is not an easy task. The reports are written in natural language and often present missing, imprecise, or even inconsistent information, or lack sufficient details to make a clear decision. Focusing on property crimes, the aim of this work is to assist judges in this classification process by automatically extracting information from police reports and producing a list of possible classifications of crimes accompanied by a degree of confidence in each of them. The work follows the design science research methodology, developing a tool as an artifact. The proposal uses information extraction techniques to obtain the data from the reports, guided by an ontology developed for the Spanish legal system on property crimes. Probabilistic inference mechanisms are used to select the set of articles of the law that could apply to a given case, even when the evidence does not allow an unambiguous identification. The proposal has been empirically validated in a real environment with judges and prosecutors. The results show that the proposal is feasible and usable, and could be effective in assisting judges to classify property crime reports.
Comprehensive analysis of paraspeckle-associated gene modules unveils prognostic signatures and immunological relevance in multi-cancers
Authors: Fan Zhuoyang , Yin Bowen , Chen Xiaochen , Yang Guowei , Zhang Wei , Ye Xiaodan , Han Hong , Li Ming , Shu Minfeng , Liu Rong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, characterized by high rates of angiogenesis and immune evasion. Paraspeckle genes, involved in gene regulation and RNA metabolism, have recently been linked to tumor progression. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between paraspeckle genes and HCC prognosis, focusing on SFPQ, DDX39B, and UBAP2.

Methods
We analyzed HCC (LIHC) and prostate cancer (PRAD) samples from the TCGA database to explore the correlation between paraspeckle genes and angiogenesis. We conducted unsupervised clustering, risk scoring, and survival analysis to identify distinct patient groups and their clinical outcomes. Gene expression data were used to perform differential analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment.

Results
Our analysis identified significant correlations between paraspeckle genes and angiogenesis across multiple cancer types. Elevated expression levels of SFPQ, DDX39B, and UBAP2 were associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients, and all of them has statistical significance. Unsupervised clustering of HCC samples based on paraspeckle gene expression revealed two distinct clusters, with high-risk patients exhibiting stronger immune suppression and tumor immune evasion. GO enrichment highlighted critical pathways related to angiogenesis and immune regulation. Additionally, a risk scoring model based on these genes effectively distinguished high-risk and low-risk patient groups, providing valuable prognostic insights.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that SFPQ, DDX39B, and UBAP2 are significantly associated with poor prognosis in HCC, likely due to their roles in promoting angiogenesis and immune suppression. These findings highlight the potential of paraspeckle genes as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, offering new avenues for personalized treatment strategies in HCC. Further research into their functional mechanisms and clinical applicability is crucial for advancing HCC treatment and improving patient outcomes.
Spectral signatures of solvent-extracted macromolecules in Indian coals of different rank: Insights from fluorescence excitation-emission matrix
Authors: Sarkar Archchi , Bhui Uttam Kumar , Das Krittibas , Bhattacharyya Sudip , Kumar Jitendra , Halari Darshan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSolvent-extracted fractions of six Indian coal samples of different ranks were investigated using multiple geochemical, petrological and spectroscopic proxies and an attempt was made to indicate possible fingerprint regions for different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) with the help of excitation-emission matrix (EEM). In this study, for the very first time, the influence of rank and maturation of organic matter in the characterisation of coal solvent-extracts from Indian coals were perceived from the viewpoint of fluorescence EEM. Vitrinite reflectance (VRo) values were used to determine the general ranks of the original coal samples viz. lignite, subbituminous, bituminous and anthracite. Different fluorescence peak regions corresponding to different fused aromatic ring (FAR) systems were delineated using the EEM and their indicative depositional environments could be inferred. Our observations indicate that solvent-extracted fractions of low rank coals comprise of a larger number of shorter carbon chains compared to the other samples. For the low rank coal samples, the solvent-extracts show a strong humic influence and the presence of smaller PAH rings while for the medium rank coals, the extracted fractions tend to show a more bimodal distribution of PAHs, possibly comprising of different sized PAHs. Higher fluorescence sensitivity and quick response of smaller PAHs impart a singular centralised region in the EEM for the low rank coal samples while interference in the fluorescence of differently sized PAHs indicate a multimodal distribution of the fluorophores in the medium rank coals. The high rank coal used in this study shows a bimodal distribution with very low intensity of the peaks, indicating the low abundance of extractable macromolecules, possibly as a result of deformation.