bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultraviolet irradiation benefits left ventricular hypertrophy and mitochondrial morphology of cardiomyocytes in hypertensive rats
Authors: Shibata Hiroki , Noda Akiko , Nishizawa Yuji , Ito Atsuki , Okumura Takahiro , Hashimoto Katsunori , Takeda Kozue , Katanosaka Kimiaki , Yasuma Fumihiko , Wu Shiyong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInsufficient exposure to sunlight increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Hypertensive left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy exacerbates the risks of myocardial ischemia, ventricular arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and heart failure. This study aimed to determine the effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on LV hypertrophy and mitochondrial morphology. Eighteen 7‐week‐old Dahl salt‐sensitive (Dahl S) rats were categorized into three groups (n = 6 each) and fed sodium chloride (NaCl) diets, as follows: UV‐irradiated [UVB+A (+), 8% NaCl], non‐UV‐irradiated [UV (−), 8% NaCl], and control [UV (−), 0.3% NaCl]. UV irradiation was administered at a low intensity of 100 mJ/cm2 for 6 days per week. Echocardiography and mitochondrial analyses were performed to evaluate LV hypertrophy and cardiomyocytes, and skin tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to assess the pathological abnormalities at 12 weeks of age. LV mass was significantly reduced in the UVB+A (+) and control groups compared to that in the UV (−) group. Mitochondrial structural abnormalities in cardiomyocytes were observed only in the UV (−) group, but not in the UVB+A (+) or control group. Pathological skin abnormalities were not observed in any of the three groups. These findings suggest the potential benefits of UV irradiation in hypertensive models.
Urban conflict management, human‐wild animal interactions, local environmental governance and political participation
Authors: Beeri Itai , Sadetzki Yaara , Hirsch‐Matsioulas Orit 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLocal authorities today cope with environmental changes. As urbanization advances, the overlap between nature and the world of human beings increases. The resulting new interactions between humans and wild animals have many consequences. The perspectives of public administration and politics regarding this issue remain unexplored. There is limited research on local environmental crises and local environmental governance regarding the interactions between people and animals in the management of urban spaces. Therefore, we conducted a study using the presence of wild boars in Haifa, Israel. It tests the impact of support for the incumbent mayor through the mediated relationship of the harm caused by wild animals and the moderating effect of local governance on local political participation. Our findings may advance current theory to local administration and local environmental governance. On a practical level, policymakers can design effective local environmental governance, and promote behaviors on the part of politicians and residents.
Enhancing maritime transportation security: A data‐driven Bayesian network analysis of terrorist attack risks
Authors: Mohsendokht Massoud , Li Huanhuan , Kontovas Christos , Chang Chia‐Hsun , Qu Zhuohua , Yang Zaili 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMaritime terrorist accidents have a significant low‐frequency‐high‐consequence feature and, thus, require new research to address the associated inherent uncertainty and the scarce literature in the field. This article aims to develop a novel method for maritime security risk analysis. It employs real accident data from maritime terrorist attacks over the past two decades to train a data‐driven Bayesian network (DDBN) model. The findings help pinpoint key contributing factors, scrutinize their interdependencies, ascertain the probability of different terrorist scenarios, and describe their impact on different manifestations of maritime terrorism. The established DDBN model undergoes a thorough verification and validation process employing various techniques, such as sensitivity, metrics, and comparative analyses. Additionally, it is tested against recent real‐world cases to demonstrate its effectiveness in both retrospective and prospective risk propagation, encompassing both diagnostic and predictive capabilities. These findings provide valuable insights for the various stakeholders, including companies and government bodies, fostering comprehension of maritime terrorism and potentially fortifying preventive measures and emergency management.
New examples of 2‐nondegenerate real hypersurfaces in CN$\mathbb {C}^N$ with arbitrary nilpotent symbols
Authors: Kolář Martin , Kossovskiy Ilya , Sykes David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe introduce a class of uniformly 2‐nondegenerate CR hypersurfaces in , for , having a rank 1 Levi kernel. The class is first of all remarkable by the fact that for every it forms an explicit infinite‐dimensional family of everywhere 2‐nondegenerate hypersurfaces. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such construction. Besides, the class contains infinite‐dimensional families of nonequivalent structures having a given constant nilpotent CR symbol for every such symbol. Using methods that are able to handle all cases with simultaneously, we solve the equivalence problem for the considered structures whose symbol is represented by a single Jordan block, classify their algebras of infinitesimal symmetries, and classify the locally homogeneous structures among them. We show that the remaining considered structures, which have symbols represented by a direct sum of Jordan blocks, can be constructed from the single block structures through simple linking and extension processes.
Estimates of the Kobayashi metric and Gromov hyperbolicity on convex domains of finite type
Authors: Wang Hongyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we give a local estimate for the Kobayashi distance on a bounded convex domain of finite type, which relates to a local pseudodistance near the boundary. The estimate is precise up to a bounded additive term. Also, we conclude that the domain equipped with the Kobayashi distance is Gromov hyperbolic that gives another proof of the result of Zimmer.
Local nonsimilar solution and heat analysis of mixed convective flow across whole spherical shape with nonisothermal surface temperature
Authors: Emom Md. Latifur Rahman , Ferdows M. , Eid Mohamed R. 
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the behavior of a mixed convective boundary layer flowing around a rigid spherical shape with non-isothermal wall temperature. The fluid assumed in this examination exhibits both incompressibility and viscosity. The major purpose is to examine the impact of the non-uniform surface temperature on the flow patterns, including velocity outlines and temperature outlines. An examination is conducted on the modified conservation equations of the boundary layer flow utilizing the local non-similarity method. The MATLAB built-in code bvp4c is used to find computational solutions. The outcomes are then shown for both air and water, specifically at a temperature of 21°C. The influence of several factors, such as the mixed convective variable [Formula: see text] and the exponent [Formula: see text] in the wall temperature function [Formula: see text]), is shown in velocity and temperature profiles. In addition, the study computes the local frictional force factor and local wall heat transport factor and compares these values with results from earlier research. Significantly, the study expands upon data made around the lower stagnating point to include other sites within the sphere, thereby offering a thorough comprehension of the whole flowing field.
The Role of Fair Value Accounting in Debt Structure Decisions: Evidence from Priority Structure and Financial Flexibility
Authors: Wang Dongyi 
Published: July 2024

Synopsis The research problem This study investigates whether the debt structure of a firm — that is, how a firm organizes its debt contracts — depends on the extent to which fair value measurement is applied to the balance sheet. Motivation Most public firms have a nontrivial percentage of balance sheet items measured at fair value under the mixed attribute accounting, and there is a lack of understanding of its effect on the reporting entity’s debt structure. This study focuses on two aspects of the debt structure that have both practical and theoretical relevance, namely the priority structure and the financial flexibility. A priority structure involves the simultaneous use of different priorities of debt and is common among risky borrowers. Survey results show that financial flexibility is of first-order importance regarding the debt policy of firms. Here, financial flexibility refers to a firm’s ability to pursue new investment opportunities via debt issuance. The test hypotheses The first hypothesis states that a borrower with a higher percentage of balance sheet items measured at fair value is less likely to have a priority structure. The second hypothesis states that a borrower with a higher portion of balance sheet items measured at fair value likely has a debt structure that is more financially flexible. The third hypothesis states that the fair value of liabilities and the fair value of assets are equally relevant to debt structure decisions. Target population This study focuses on nonfinancial firms in North America that are subject to the mixed attribute accounting, which measures a certain percentage of assets and liabilities at fair value. Adopted methodology The main tests use multivariate analysis that includes both logistic regressions and OLS regressions. Additional tests include cross-sectional analyses and the Granger causality test. Analysis Using a sample constructed from Compustat North America and Capital IQ (6,220 firms and 36,487 firm-year observations), the main tests regress dependent variables, namely the priority structure measures and financial flexibility, on the exposure to fair value measurement. Findings Results show that fair value measurement reduces information asymmetry and has favorable effects on the debt structure. A high exposure to fair value measurement reduces the need for a priority structure. A high exposure to fair value measurement also enhances financial flexibility. Additional analyses reveal that the favorable effect mainly comes from assets measured at fair value. The effect becomes weaker with respect to liabilities measured at fair value.
School Heads' Leadership Practices and Administrative Psychological Attributes an the Post-Pandemic Readiness of San Pablo City Public Elementary Schools
Authors: Ofrin Darius D. 
Published: July 2024

School Leaders in the Philippines are confronted with unexpectedly high levels of hardship. The school leaders function is expansive in scope, extremely demanding, and time-sensitive (Riley 2015). Individual psychological traits are distinct aspects of a person that shape their actions and mindset. These traits encompass one's personality, temperament, cognitive abilities, and emotional conditions. Being prepared for school is crucial as it enables teachers to enhance and build upon a child’s abilities, particularly in social interactions. However, today's challenge to achieving school readiness stems from the disruptions caused by the pandemic.
This research aims to determine whether public schools in San Pablo City are equipped to handle post-pandemic classes, focusing on factors such as the adequacy of instructional materials, quality of governance and leadership, efficiency of school operations, effectiveness of teacher performance, student engagement, and the level of parental involvement.

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This study is anchored on Distributed leadership by Edwin Hutchins, Hutchins’ theory, a conceptual and analytical approach how the work of leadership takes place distributed leadership is basically shared management and Goal setting theory for Leadership practices which state that for goals to be motivational, they have to be specific and challenging but yet attainable (Locke and Latham, 1990, 2002).
The research revealed a strong connection between the leadership practices of school administrators and the school’s preparedness in various areas. These areas include establishing clear goals and expectations, allocating resources to meet these objectives, fostering high-quality teaching, promoting professional development for teachers, and maintaining a secure and organized learning environment. The study brought out that the public schools in San Pablo City elementary are prepared for the post pandemic classes in terms of instructional adequacy, leadership and governance , school operation, teacher performance, learners interest, and parental support. Ultimately, the study identified that the leadership practices and psychological administrative traits of school heads are key indicators of how prepared public schools in the San Pablo City Division are for the "new normal" during the 2022-2023 school year.
The participants in this study will include both elementary school principals and teachers from the San Pablo City Division. The elementary schools are composed of 7 district with a total School heads and teachers population of seventy-three (385). To collect the data, the researcher primarily used a self-designed online survey questionnaire.
Understanding Mathematically Talented Male Learners’ Perception of Teaching Mathematics as a Profession: A Path Analysis
Authors: Calibara Kim Jann A. , Belarga Alona M. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

This descriptive-correlational research aimed to examine the predictive and mediational role of parental support, classroom environment, value, attitude, and anxiety in the perception towards teaching mathematics as a profession of mathematically talented male senior high school learners. One hundred eighteen learners from purposively selected public and private schools in Iloilo City and in the districts of the province of Iloilo participated in the study. Six adapted instruments were used to gather data, which underwent content validation and reliability testing. Means, frequency, standard deviations, Pearson’s product-moment correlations, Multiple Linear Regression and Path Analysis, were the statistical tools used. Results revealed that mathematically talented male learners have moderate parental support, a positive classroom environment, a very useful value of mathematics, a strongly positive attitude, low anxiety, and a moderately high perception towards teaching mathematics. When classified according to parental support, learners who received moderate and high parental support outscored learners with low parental support in their attitude towards mathematics and perception towards teaching mathematics. Also, learners in the positive group outperformed learners in the slightly positive group in their attitude towards mathematics when classified according to the classroom environment. Parental support, value, and attitude can directly predict the perception towards teaching mathematics, but not classroom environment and anxiety. Moreover, parental support, value and attitude were partially mediated while classroom environment was completely mediated on the influence the perception towards teaching Mathematics by the other constructs included in the model. Furthermore, the classroom environment influences the perception towards teaching mathematics. Parental support has the highest contribution in predicting the perception towards teaching mathematics. In conclusion, these findings indicated that parental support has the biggest attribution in predicting mathematically talented male learners’ perceptions towards teaching mathematics.
Abstract 1002: Health Insurance Prevalence & Aortic Aneurysm And Dissection Mortality: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Assaf Muaz N , Assaf Sohiub N , Assaf Abdallah N 
Published: July 2024

The prevalence of health insurance significantly influences the early detection and timely treatment of cardiovascular conditions, which are vital for reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality. In many regions, access to necessary cardiac care, including life-saving interventions and long-term management, hinges on the availability and scope of health insurance.
Do disparities in mortality exist in aortic dissection/aneurysm based on the prevalence of health insurance in the USA?
We investigated the association between US county-level healthcare coverage prevalence and aortic dissection/aneurysm mortality rates.
We queried the CDC Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry to obtain data on the uninsured population, based on 5-year estimates from 2018. To gauge the uninsured population in each US-county, we computed percentile rankings from 0 to 1, with higher values indicating a larger uninsured population. Counties were grouped into 4 quartiles based on these rankings. Mortality data from 1999-2018 was obtained from the CDC WONDER database, using ICD-10 codes: I71 for aortic aneurysm and dissection as the underlying cause of death. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population were calculated using the direct method. Risk ratios (RR) were estimated using univariable Poisson regression.
The cumulative AAMR within UP-Q1 and UP-Q4 showed no significant differences in mortality and had a corresponding risk ratio (RR) of 0.94 (P >0.05). Among male populations, there was no difference in AAMR between UP-Q4 (AAMR: 5.48 [95% CI, 5.29 - 5.68]) and UP-Q1 (AAMR: 5.77 [95% CI, 5.64 - 5.90]), with a risk ratio of 0.95 (P >0.05). Similarly, among female populations, AAMR in UP-Q4 (AAMR: 2.66 [95% CI, 2.54-2.79]) was similar to UP-Q1 (AAMR: 2.98 [95% CI, 2.91-3.06]) with a risk ratio of 0.89 (P >0.05). Finally, when comparing UP-Q4 with UP-Q1 across all US-census regions and counties using urbanization criteria, no statistically significant differences were found.
This study found that in the US, county-level healthcare coverage prevalence didn't impact aortic dissection/aneurysm mortality rates, unlike in other diseases. Therefore, while lack of coverage hinders care access, it's not the sole social determinant of mortality outcomes.
Abstract 132: Immunosenescence-related Biomarkers And Potential Therapeutic Targets For Coronary Artery Disease Identified Via Plasma Proteome And Immune Cell Traits
Authors: Lin Shuyang 
Published: July 2024

There is a pressing need to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets to address the epidemiological burden of coronary artery disease (CAD). Mendelian Randomization analysis (MR) leverages Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data to infer the causal mechanism underlying the phenotype of interest. The proteome is the central mediator of the etiology and pathophysiology of multifactorial diseases such as CAD. Here, we screened for potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CAD through MR by using genetically predicted levels of plasma proteome followed by immune cell traits and transcriptomic analysis.
The main workflow of our study is outlined in Figure 1. Briefly, MR analysis was performed with protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) and meta-analysis of four independent GWASs. Sensitivity analysis was performed to ensure the robustness of identified proteins. Pathway Enrichment analysis on whole-blood transcriptome was performed with GSEA. Secondary MR explored the causal effect of 731 immune cell traits on CAD risk.
In total, 11 overlapping candidate proteins (P<0.05, OR>1.0) were identified from the plasma proteome meta-analysis, including LPA, PLA2G7, and PCSK9, substantiating the validity of our MR analysis. Functional annotation of candidate proteins identified LCAT and CA11 as promising therapeutic targets and biomarkers. LCAT suppression is protective against atherosclerosis in mice models, while the functional significance of CA11 remains to be elucidated. Transcriptomic analysis shows enrichment in IL-2 signaling pathways reflective of the exhaustion of CD28 on cytotoxic T cells identified via secondary MR using immune-cell traits. Together, these results are indicative of immunosenescence as a risk factor for CAD.
Overall, our results revealed that an altered immune landscape increased the risk for CAD and unraveled an encouraging avenue for early diagnosis and treatment of CAD.
Abstract 3102: NELISA High-throughput Proteomics Captures Disease Phenotypes And Cytokine Interactions By Quantifying Immune, Metabolic, And Cardiovascular Markers
Authors: Robichaud Nathaniel 
Published: July 2024

The variety of cell types and interactions involved in vascular diseases pose a significant challenge to quantifying the breadth of inflammatory, metabolic, and cardiovascular proteins that could provide mechanistic information or serve as clinical biomarkers, particularly at the scale needed for population studies or drug discovery screens. Unfortunately, proteomics tools able to quantify these proteins compromise either content or throughput/cost, limiting their use. To overcome this issue, we developed the nELISA: a high-throughput miniaturized ELISA capable of quantifying 272 cytokines, adipokines, proteases, soluble receptors, and growth factors, at 10x-reduced cost compared to previous tools. We applied the nELISA to model systems as a proof-of-concept for use in high-throughput screens.
We ran the largest PBMC secretome screen to date, in which ~10,000 PBMC samples were profiled at a throughput of 1536 samples/day. Cells were treated with a selection of myeloid and T cell stimuli to model different disease states, and were further perturbed with a selected library of 80 recombinant cytokine perturbagens; secreted proteins were profiled in all samples, resulting in ~2M datapoints. In addition to distinguishing the various disease states, the nELISA captured 449 cytokine interactions, where addition of a specific perturbagen resulted in a change in the expression levels of a secreted protein. Of note, we found 3.2-fold more of these interactions than reported at the transcriptomic level from the CytoSig database. By clustering these cytokine interactions, we identified perturbagens with shared mechanisms of action, including results supporting the use of IL-1 Receptor antagonist to replace IFN beta in certain indications. We will expand on these findings and discuss how the nELISA is being applied to HUVEC cultures, whole blood assays, and patient plasma/serum.
Influence of inlay consolidation quality on morphology of hybrid injection-moulded parts and their bending behaviour
Authors: Wang Hao , Petersen Jan , Fischer Kai , Emonts Michael 
Published: July 2024

This paper investigates the interactions of process parameters along the process chain for the manufacture of a trunk-like injection-moulded component with local inserts of unidirectional thermoplastic tape. In contrast to the established technology for overmoulding continuous fibre reinforced thermoplastics with a high proportion of unidirectional fibres, the component design investigated consists of 99 wt% long fibre injection moulding material reinforced with a very low amount of strip-like inserts of 1 wt% carbon fibre tape. The design facilitates cost, CO2-e and weight reduction compared to a pure injection-moulded part. The process chain comprises laser-assisted tape placement, preforming of the inserts by local bending and finally overmoulding. Particular attention is paid to the effect of the consolidation quality of the inserts after tape placement on the fracture behaviour in two sections of the part, the radii at the bending sections, which are subjected to post-consolidation during preforming, and the flat sections, which are only subjected to potential post-consolidation effects due to overmoulding. The investigations are carried out by means of various bending tests and analysis of the morphology by means of micrographs.