bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding resilience: Lifestyle-based behavioral predictors of mental health and well-being in community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Greenwood-Hickman Mikael Anne , Shapiro Lily N. , Chen Shirley , Crane Paul K. , Harrington Laura B. , Johnson KatieRose , LaCroix Andrea Z. , Lane Liam G. , McCurry Susan M. , Shaw Pamela A. , Rosenberg Dori E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Changes in sleep, physical activity and mental health were observed in older adults during early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we describe effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adult mental health, wellbeing, and lifestyle behaviors and explore predictors of better mid-pandemic mental health and wellbeing.

Methods
Participants in the Adult Changes in Thought study completed measures of lifestyle behaviors (e.g., sleep, physical activity) and mental health and wellbeing both pre-pandemic during regular study visits and mid-pandemic via a one-time survey. We used paired t-tests to compare differences in these measures pre- vs. mid-pandemic. Using multivariate linear regression, we further explored demographic, health, and lifestyle predictors of pandemic depressive symptoms, social support, and fatigue. We additionally qualitatively coded free text data from the mid-pandemic survey for related comments.

Results
Participants (N = 896) reported significant changes in mental health and lifestyle behaviors at pre-pandemic vs. mid-pandemic measurements (p < 0.0001). Qualitative findings supported these behavioral and wellbeing changes. Being male, never smoking, and lower pre-pandemic computer time and sleep disturbance were significantly associated with lower pandemic depressive symptoms. Being partnered, female, never smoking, and lower pre-pandemic sleep disturbance were associated with higher pandemic social support. Pre-pandemic employment, more walking, less computer time, and less sleep disturbance were associated with less pandemic fatigue. Participant comments supported these quantitative findings, highlighting gender differences in pandemic mental health, changes in computer usage and physical activity during the pandemic, the value of spousal social support, and links between sleep disturbance and mental health and wellbeing. Qualitative findings also revealed additional factors, such as stresses from personal and family health situations and the country’s concurrent political environment, that impacted mental health and wellbeing.

Conclusions
Several demographic, health, and lifestyle behaviors appeared to buffer the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and may be key sources of resilience. Interventions and public health measures targeting men and unpartnered individuals could promote social support resilience, and intervening on modifiable behaviors like sleep quality, physical activity and sedentary activities like computer time may promote resilience to fatigue and depressive symptoms during future community stressor events. Further research into these relationships is warranted.
Diagnosis of human angiostrongyliasis in a case of hydrocephalus using next-generation sequencing: a case report and literature review
Authors: Liu Dayuan , Li Ning , Zhu Yubo , Chen Qianhua , Fan Xudong , Feng Jigao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis is a severe yet rare parasitic infection caused by the larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The primary characteristic feature of this foodborne illness in humans is eosinophilic meningitis. Recently, there has been a gradual increase in reported cases globally. Due to the lack of typical clinical symptoms, signs, and specific laboratory tests, early diagnosis of this disease poses significant challenges. Failure to diagnose and treat this condition promptly can result in fatalities.

Methods
We present the case of a 13-year-old male patient who initially presented with fever and headache. The patient was preliminarily diagnosed with bacterial meningitis and received treatment with antibacterial drugs. However, the patient’s condition worsened, and he developed progressive consciousness disturbances. Eventually, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) testing of cerebrospinal fluid samples indicated Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection. Following treatment with albendazole and prednisone, the patient made a full recovery. We include this case report as part of a literature review to emphasize the potential applications of mNGS in the early diagnosis of Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis.

Conclusion
mNGS technology plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of angiostrongyliasis cantonensis. As this technology continues to evolve and be applied, we believe it will play an increasingly important role in diagnosing, treating, and monitoring angiostrongyliasis cantonensis.
Effectiveness of workplace cancer screening interventions: a systematic review
Authors: Mon Hsu Myat , Robb Kathryn A. , Demou Evangelia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Cancer cases are rising globally, with a noticeable rise in younger adults. Screening and early detection are effective in decreasing mortality. Workplaces can play a role in promoting cancer screening uptake. This systematic review investigated the effectiveness of workplace breast, lung, colorectal, and cervical cancer screening interventions, and the factors impacting their effectiveness.

Methodology
Six databases (Embase, Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus) were searched, and cancer screening promotion and cancer screening uptake was analysed using effect direction plots. Magnitude of effectiveness (i.e., change in knowledge or screening rate) was also evaluated.

Results
In total, 13,426 articles were identified. After screening and applying the eligibility criteria, 21 articles were included in the analysis. A positive effect direction was seen for all workplace cancer screening promotion interventions. Magnitude of effectiveness for cancer screening promotion interventions resulted in a > 30% change in knowledge or screening uptake in 4/7 of breast cancer, in 3/4 of cervical cancer and 1/3 colorectal cancer screening promotion interventions. For workplace cancer screening uptake interventions, a positive effect direction was observed for the majority (18/22). Cancer screening uptake interventions showed a > 30% change in magnitude of screening rate in 4/7 breast cancer, 5/10 colorectal cancer and in 1/5 cervical cancer workplace interventions. No studies for lung cancer were eligible. Factors positively influencing effectiveness included an interest in health and previous healthcare use, while fear of cancer and embarrassment of screening negatively influenced effectiveness.

Conclusion
Workplace cancer screening promotion and uptake interventions can effectively improve cancer screening knowledge and increase uptake of screening tests.
Clinical significance of germline breast cancer susceptibility gene (gBRCA) testing and olaparib as maintenance therapy for patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kawamoto Yasuharu , Yamai Takuo , Ikezawa Kenji , Seiki Yusuke , Watsuji Ko , Hirao Takeru , Urabe Makiko , Kai Yugo , Takada Ryoji , Mukai Kaori , Nakabori Tasuku , Uehara Hiroyuki , Inoue Tazuko , Fujisawa Fumie , Ohkawa Kazuyoshi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Germline breast cancer susceptibility gene (gBRCA) mutation in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) is not common in clinical practice. Therefore, factors that efficiently show gBRCA mutations and the real-world outcomes of olaparib maintenance therapy have not been fully established. In the present study, we clarified the indicators for the effective detection of gBRCA mutation and the efficacy and safety of olaparib as maintenance therapy.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 84 patients with PC who underwent gBRCA testing (BRACAnalysis, Myriad Genetics, Salt Lake City, UT, USA) at our institute between January 2021 and March 2022. For each patient, clinical data were extracted from medical records.

Results
The median patient age was 64 y (29–85 y), and 41 patients (48.8%) were male. The gBRCA mutations were identified in 10 (11.9%) patients; two patients had BRCA1 mutation and eight had BRCA2 mutation. All patients with gBRCA mutation had a family history of any cancer, and eight of them had a family history of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer syndrome (HBOC)-related cancer. The gBRCA mutation rate was higher for patients with PC with a family history of HBOC-related cancer compared to that in patients with PC having a family history of other cancers and no family history of cancer (22.9% vs. 4.1%; P = 0.014). In our study, eight out of 10 patients with gBRCA-positive PC received olaparib after platinum-based chemotherapy. The best responses to platinum-based chemotherapy included a complete response in one patient (12.5%) and a partial response in seven patients (87.5%). The median duration of treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy plus olaparib was 17.5 months (8–87 months), and the duration of treatment with olaparib maintenance therapy was 11 months (1–30 months). During olaparib maintenance therapy, three patients showed no disease progression. One of these three patients underwent conversion surgery after receiving olaparib for 12 months.

Conclusions
The gBRCA testing should be considered proactively, especially in patients with PC with a family history of HBOC-related cancer.
Reducing sickness absence: a work environment intervention in Norwegian hospitals
Authors: Lillebråten Andreas , Tøge Anne Grete , Bernstrøm Vilde Hoff 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
High rates of sickness absence is a challenge within the healthcare sector, highlighting the need for effective interventions. Despite this, limited research has been conducted on the impact of such interventions within the healthcare context. This study evaluates an intervention aimed at improving the work environment influences sickness absence rates in Norwegian hospital units. The intervention is a comprehensive framework for discovering and tailoring solutions to each units’ specific needs, with a focus on employee involvement and collaboration between leader, union representatives and safety delegates.

Methods
We employed two methodological approaches. Method 1 involved using HR-registered sickness absence data to track changes in sickness absence across all intervention units and matched control groups over a three-year period. In Method 2, we used a pre- and post-survey design in 14 intervention units, focusing on employees’ job satisfaction and self-reported health.

Results
The results of the intervention were mixed. There was a significant decrease in total sickness absence in the intervention units the first year after the intervention, and a significant decrease in long-term sickness absence both in the first and second year after the intervention, measured with HR registries. However, we did not see a significant larger decrease in total sickness absence in the intervention units compared to the control units and only partial support for a larger decrease in long-term absence in the intervention units. In the subsample of units that also participated in the survey, we observed significant improvements in employee job satisfaction post intervention.

Conclusions
There is a need for research on effective interventions to reduce sickness absence in the healthcare sector. “Where the shoe pinches” provides a potential methodological framework for reducing sickness absence by addressing challenges in the work environment, however with uncertain results. Further exploration is warranted to refine strategies for effectively managing sickness absence within healthcare organizations.
Vocational rehabilitative decisions after symptoms and findings consistent with hand-arm vibration syndrome in the Swedish surveillance system – a mixed-method design
Authors: Thorsén Frida , Nordander Catarina , Antonson Carl 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
EU workers exposed to hand-arm vibration should be offered health surveillance to detect early symptoms, and findings, of Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS). To execute the mandatory vocational rehabilitation, the employer needs to be aware of injuries found in the medical check-up. We aimed to analyse: 1) How physicians graded the neurosensory component of HAVS on the Stockholm Workshop Scale (SWS), compared to semi-objective findings. 2) What vocational rehabilitative decisions (VRD) were taken by physicians after examinations. 3) Whether the VRDs differed in relation to the SWS-grading.

Methods
Data came from 660 medical records - all examinations performed during twelve consecutive months in one large Swedish occupational healthcare company. 572 individuals had data on the SWS from the physician. For the qualitative analysis, we used the inductive-iterative immersion-crystallization method.

Results
60% of the examined workers had symptoms and 32% had semi-objective findings consistent with HAVS. The physicians’ SWS gradings were underestimated in 59% of the cases with semi-objective findings. The VRDs were classified, relative to communication with the employer, as: “Adequate” (57%), when no injury was present, communication had already taken place, was planned, or was no longer needed in the absence of further exposure, “Semi-adequate” (18%), if no plan for communication was yet established or only communicated through a document with a shorter time until next check-up, and “Inadequate”(25%), when patients refused (20%), or physicians failed to communicate with the employer, despite findings (80%). Underestimated SWS-gradings of HAVS were significantly associated with more “Inadequate” VRDs in the group with semi-objective findings.

Conclusions
Occupational physicians underestimate the number of individuals with SWS 2–3 compared with semi-objective findings and regularly fail to communicate to the employer despite findings of HAVS. The underestimation of SWS-grading, followed by inadequate VRDs, excludes many workers from the employer’s mandatory protective measures which may lead to aggravation of an untreatable injury in the affected individual and development of HAVS in their similarly exposed colleagues.
Modeling platform to assess the effectiveness of single and integrated Ixodes scapularis tick control methods
Authors: Ruiz-Carrascal Daniel , Bastard Jonathan , Williams Scott C. , Diuk-Wasser Maria 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Lyme disease continues to expand in Canada and the USA and no single intervention is likely to curb the epidemic.

Methods
We propose a platform to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of a subset of Ixodes scapularis tick management approaches. The platform allows us to assess the impact of different control treatments, conducted either individually (single interventions) or in combination (combined efforts), with varying timings and durations. Interventions include three low environmental toxicity measures in differing combinations, namely reductions in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations, broadcast area-application of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, and fipronil-based rodent-targeted bait boxes. To assess the impact of these control efforts, we calibrated a process-based mathematical model to data collected from residential properties in the town of Redding, southwestern Connecticut, where an integrated tick management program to reduce I.xodes scapularis nymphs was conducted from 2013 through 2016. We estimated parameters mechanistically for each of the three treatments, simulated multiple combinations and timings of interventions, and computed the resulting percent reduction of the nymphal peak and of the area under the phenology curve.

Results
Simulation outputs suggest that the three-treatment combination and the bait boxes–deer reduction combination had the overall highest impacts on suppressing I. scapularis nymphs. All (single or combined) interventions were more efficacious when implemented for a higher number of years. When implemented for at least 4 years, most interventions (except the single application of the entomopathogenic fungus) were predicted to strongly reduce the nymphal peak compared with the no intervention scenario. Finally, we determined the optimal period to apply the entomopathogenic fungus in residential yards, depending on the number of applications.

Conclusions
Computer simulation is a powerful tool to identify the optimal deployment of individual and combined tick management approaches, which can synergistically contribute to short-to-long-term, costeffective, and sustainable control of tick-borne diseases in integrated tick management (ITM) interventions.

Graphical Abstract
Prediction of RC T-Beams Shear Strength Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Yehia Saad A. , Fayed Sabry , Zakaria Mohamed H. , Shahin Ramy I. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe contribution of shear resisted by flanges of T-beams is usually ignored in the shear design models even though it was proven by many experimental studies that the shear strength of T-beams is higher than that of equivalent rectangular cross-sections. Ignoring such a contribution result in a very conservative and uneconomical design. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the capability of machine learning (ML) techniques to predict the shear capacity of reinforced concrete T-beams (RCTBs) by incorporating the contribution of the flange. Five machine learning (ML) techniques, which are the Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Regression Tree (GBRT), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), are trained and tested using 360 sets of data collected from experimental studies. Among the various machine learning models evaluated, the XGBoost model demonstrated exceptional reliability and precision, achieving an R-squared value of 99.10%. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) approach is utilized to identify the most influential input features affecting the predicted shear capacity of RCTBs. The SHAP results indicate that the shear span-to-depth ratio (a/d) has the most significant effect on the shear capacity of RCTBs, followed by the ratio of shear reinforcement multiplied by the yield strength of shear reinforcement ($${\rho }_{{\text{v}}}{f}_{{\text{yv}}}$$

ρ
v

f
yv

), flange thickness ($${h}_{{\text{f}}}$$

h
f

), and flange width ($${b}_{{\text{f}}}$$

b
f

). The accuracy of the XGBoost model in predicting the shear capacity of RCTBs is compared with established codes of practice (ACI 318-19, BS 8110-1:1997, EN 1992-1-2, CSA23.3-04) and existing formulas from researchers. This comparison reinforces the superior reliability and accuracy of the machine learning approach compared to traditional methods. Furthermore, a user-friendly interface platform is developed, effectively simplifying the implementation of the proposed machine-learning model. The reliability analysis is performed to determine the value of the resistance reduction factor (ϕ) that will achieve a target reliability index ($${\beta }_{T}$$

β
T

= 3.5).
Role of immunomodulatory probiotics in alleviating bacterial diarrhea in piglets: a systematic review
Authors: Saha Sudeb , Namai Fu , Nishiyama Keita , Villena Julio , Kitazawa Haruki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDiarrhea is a common enteric disease in piglets that leads to high mortality and economic losses in swine production worldwide. Antibiotics are commonly used to prevent or treat diarrhea in piglets. However, irrational antibiotic use contributes to the development of resistance in bacteria and antibiotic residues in animal products, threatening public health, while causing gut microbiota dysbiosis and antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection in piglets. Therefore, the quest for alternative products (such as probiotics, prebiotics, organic acids, enzymes, essential oils, medium-chain fatty acids, zinc, and plant extracts) has recently been clearly emphasized through the increase in regulations regarding antibiotic use in livestock production. These antibiotic alternatives could lower the risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and meet consumer demand for antibiotic-free food. Several antibiotic alternatives have been proposed, including immunomodulatory probiotics, as candidates to reduce the need for antimicrobial therapy. Many studies have revealed that probiotics can avert and cure bacterial diarrhea by regulating the gut function and immune system of piglets. In this review, we focus on the major pathogenic bacteria causing piglet diarrhea, the research status of using probiotics to prevent and treat diarrhea, their possible mechanisms, and the safety issues related to the use of probiotics. Supplementation with probiotics is a possible alternative to antibiotics for the prevention or treatment of bacterial diarrhea in piglets. Furthermore, probiotics exert beneficial effects on feed efficiency and growth performance of piglets. Therefore, appropriate selection and strategies for the use of probiotics may have a positive effect on growth performance and also reduce diarrhea in piglets. This review provides useful information on probiotics for researchers, pig nutritionists, and the additive industry to support their use against bacterial diarrhea in piglets.Graphical AbstractInteraction of probiotics with the gut associated immune system. TLRS, Toll-like receptors; MAPK, Mitogen-activated protein kinases; TRAF, Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor; DC, Dendritic cells; MP, Macrophages; NT, Naïve T cell; IL-10, Interleukin 10 proteins; Tregs, Regulatory T cells; Th1, Type 1 T helper cells; Th2, Type 2 T helper cells; Th17, Type 17 T helper cells; SIgA, Secretory immunoglobulin A; TJs, Tight junctions.
Integrated analysis of spatial transcriptomics and CT phenotypes for unveiling the novel molecular characteristics of recurrent and non-recurrent high-grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Ju Hye-Yeon , Youn Seo Yeon , Kang Jun , Whang Min Yeop , Choi Youn Jin , Han Mi-Ryung 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), which is known for its heterogeneity, high recurrence rate, and metastasis, is often diagnosed after being dispersed in several sites, with about 80% of patients experiencing recurrence. Despite a better understanding of its metastatic nature, the survival rates of patients with HGSOC remain poor.

Methods
Our study utilized spatial transcriptomics (ST) to interpret the tumor microenvironment and computed tomography (CT) to examine spatial characteristics in eight patients with HGSOC divided into recurrent (R) and challenging-to-collect non-recurrent (NR) groups.

Results
By integrating ST data with public single-cell RNA sequencing data, bulk RNA sequencing data, and CT data, we identified specific cell population enrichments and differentially expressed genes that correlate with CT phenotypes. Importantly, we elucidated that tumor necrosis factor-α signaling via NF-κB, oxidative phosphorylation, G2/M checkpoint, E2F targets, and MYC targets served as an indicator of recurrence (poor prognostic markers), and these pathways were significantly enriched in both the R group and certain CT phenotypes. In addition, we identified numerous prognostic markers indicative of nonrecurrence (good prognostic markers). Downregulated expression of PTGDS was linked to a higher number of seeding sites (≥ 3) in both internal HGSOC samples and public HGSOC TCIA and TCGA samples. Additionally, lower PTGDS expression in the tumor and stromal regions was observed in the R group than in the NR group based on our ST data. Chemotaxis-related markers (CXCL14 and NTN4) and markers associated with immune modulation (DAPL1 and RNASE1) were also found to be good prognostic markers in our ST and radiogenomics analyses.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the potential of radiogenomics, combining CT and ST, for identifying diagnostic and therapeutic targets for HGSOC, marking a step towards personalized medicine.