bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On bubble column reactor design for the determination of kinetic rate constants in gas–liquid systems
Authors: Cardona S. C. , López F. , Abad A. , Navarro‐Laboulais J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe design of a semibatch bubble column reactor with its mathematical description is proposed for the study of ozonation reactions. The mathematical model used to describe the gas–liquid mass transfer rate in the reactor is based on the unstationary film theory and the resulting model is theoretically analysed to identify its relevant parameters. After its structural identifiability analysis, the parameters are reduced to five, that is, the gas hold‐up, the ratio of diffusivities of the reacting species, the volumetric mass transfer coefficient and two time constants related with the kinetic rate constant. From the sensitivity analysis of this reduced model, we conclude that it is not sensible to the gas hold‐up and the diffusivity ratio of the reacting species for optimization purposes in moderate and slow kinetic regimes. The model is tested with the reaction between the ozone and the azo‐compound Acid Red 27. The experimental data match quite well the model allowing the estimation of the volumetric mass transfer coefficient together with the kinetic constant. The kinetic rate constant for the direct reaction between the ozone and the Acid Red 27 is estimated in k2 = 3723 ± 127 M−1 s−1 at 21.2 ± 0.5°C. The self‐coherence of the model, the absence of hypothesis about the state of the film together with the proposed optimization procedure, allows to consider the proposed methodology as a viable alternative for the study of gas–liquid systems in semi‐batch bubble columns reactors in comparison with classical approaches.
A new auction‐based scheduler for heterogeneous systems with moldable generic resources support
Authors: Soner Seren , Ozturan Can 
Published: October 2015

SummarySlurm resource management system is used on many TOP500 supercomputers. We present a new auction‐based heterogeneous cluster scheduler plug‐in called AUCSCHED2. AUCSCHED2 contributes two major enhancements: the first is the extension of Slurm to support generic resource moldability by specification of resource ranges. The generic resources include accelerators like graphics processing unit or Xeon Phi. The current version of Slurm supports specification of node ranges but not of generic resource ranges. Such a feature can be very useful to run‐time auto‐tuning applications and systems that can make use of variable number of generic resources. The second enhancement involves the implementation of a new integer programming formulation in AUCSCHED2 that drastically reduces the number of variables. This allows faster solution and larger number of bids to be generated. Slurm emulation results are presented for the heterogeneous 1408 node Tsubame supercomputer, which has 12 cores and three graphics processing units on each of its nodes. AUCSCHED2 is available at https://github.com/aucsched/aucsched2. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Origin of the Director Tilt in the Lyotropic Smectic C* Analog Phase: Hydration Interactions and Solvent Variations
Authors: Bruckner Johanna R. , Knecht Friederike , Giesselmann Frank 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe origin and long‐range correlation of the director tilt in the recently discovered
phase, which is the lyotropic analog of the thermotropic smectic C* (SmC*) liquid crystalline phase, are investigated. Polarized micro‐Raman spectroscopy reveals that the director tilt in the
phase originates from a tilting of the aromatic 2‐phenylpyrimidine cores of the surfactant molecules. Optical measurements of the tilt angle show that its magnitude decreases with increasing solvent concentration, suggesting that the long‐range inter‐lamellar correlation of the tilt directions is reduced at increasing thickness of the solvent layers. The phase diagrams with four different solvents (water, formamide, N‐methylformamide, N,N‐dimethylformamide) are investigated, showing that the
phase is only formed with those solvents that exhibit a dense network of hydrogen bonds. This observation suggests that these hydrogen bond networks play an essential role in the long‐range correlation of the director tilt between adjacent surfactant layers. To verify this assumption, mixtures with deuterated solvents are investigated, showing that the tilt angle in the
phase is indeed reduced by this modification of the solvent′s hydrogen bond network.
Study on metal detection with electromagnetic induction probe utilizing rotating magnetic field
Authors: Koyama Kiyoshi , Hoshikawa Hiroshi , Sakon Toshikazu 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe present paper describes an investigation conducted on metal detection with a scanning probe. The authors applied a rotating magnetic field probe to metal detection. The rotating magnetic field probe was composed of two vertically placed rectangular exciting coils and a circular detecting coil. The experimental results confirmed that the probe could detect metal objects and provide more information about their shape, direction, and electromagnetic characteristics than conventional metal detector probes. A two‐dimensional signal display shows a blurred image of the metal object and the signal phase indicates the object's direction and electromagnetic characteristics. The experimental results showed that excellent restoration of the surface shapes of metal objects can be obtained for both magnetic and nonmagnetic metals under present conditions. There is also a possibility that the rough shape of a metal object can be estimated from the restored image. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(4): 1–11, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21178
Analysis of spatial smoothing effect of short‐term fluctuation of global solar radiation based on data including quantization error
Authors: Ue Yosuke , Hara Ryoichi , Kita Hiroyuki , Saito Yutaka , Takitani Katsuyuki , Saito Masami 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPhotovoltaic (PV) systems are attracting attention as one of the promising countermeasures against global warming and the environmental issues. However, the generation output from PV systems is generally unstable and unpredictable. Therefore, large penetration of PV systems may cause some serious impacts on power system operation, such as load frequency control, voltage regulation, etc. Estimation of the influences of PV system installation is becoming important, but it requires simultaneous multipoint solar radiation measurements. The Japan Meteorological Business Support Center has provided 1‐minute meteorological data observed in Japan, but its solar radiation data includes quantization errors. This paper proposes a regeneration method for solar radiation data including quantization errors. It also analyzes the spatial smoothing effect of global solar radiation fluctuations. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 180(3): 55–63, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21274
Electrical properties of polylactic acid with nucleating agent added
Authors: Shinyama Katsuyoshi , Oi Toru , Fujita Shigetaka 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe examined the electrical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) with a nucleating agent added. The PLA with added nucleating agent was then heat‐treated at 100 °C for 30 seconds. The crystallinity of the PLA with added nucleating agent increased to more than 40%, and its crystallization speed also increased significantly. The temperature dependence of the conductivity (σ) was investigated; at temperatures higher than 60 °C, σ of PLA to which the nucleating agent had been added showed a tendency to become lower than σ of PLA to which no nucleating agent had been added. The temperature dependence of the dielectric breakdown strength ($E_B$ ) was investigated. $E_B$ of the PLA with added nucleating agent was about 5.0 MV/cm at 25 °C. Of particular note was the fact that the $E_B$ of PLA with added nucleating agent was about 4.7 MV/cm at 100 °C, which is about 3 times the $E_B$ value for PLA with no added nucleating agent. The temperature dependence of the relative dielectric constant (ϵr″) and the relative dielectric loss factor (ϵr″) was investigated. The peak dielectric absorption value of ϵr″ for the PLA to which nucleating agent had been added showed a tendency to be lower than that of the PLA to which no nucleating agent had been added. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 180(3): 25–31, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21293
Reduction of λ5‐Phosphinines
Authors: Savateev Aleksandr , Vlasenko Yurii , Shtil Nataliya , Kostyuk Aleksandr 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA convenient method to easily prepare parent λ3‐phosphinine from easily accessible λ5‐precursors was developed. A series of λ5‐phosphinines bearing heteroatom substituents OMe, SMe, and/or NMe2 at the phosphorus atom were prepared by electrocyclization of phosphahexatrienes generated in situ. Reaction conditions for the synthesis of λ5‐phosphinines were optimized. The molecular structure of 1,1‐dimethoxy‐λ5‐phosphinine was determined by an X‐ray diffraction analysis. A series of reducing agents were tested in order to prepare λ3‐phosphinine. 1,1‐Dimethoxy‐λ5‐phosphinine was reduced by LiAlH4. The method of choice appeared to be the reduction of bis(dimethylamino)‐λ5‐phosphinine with diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAL‐H) in 30 % overall yield starting from vinyl ethyl ether.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura, Heck and Hydroarylation Reactions on (–)‐Levoglucosenone and Application to the Synthesis of Chiral γ‐Butyrolactones
Authors: Stockton Kieran P. , Merritt Christopher J. , Sumby Christopher J. , Greatrex Ben W. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe chiral pool material (–)‐levoglucosenone (6,8‐dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct‐2‐en‐4‐one, LGO) has been substituted by using a series of Pd‐mediated cross‐coupling reactions. Iodination of LGO followed by Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction with boronic acids by employing the Buchwald ligand SPhos with Pd(OAc)2 afforded 3‐aryl derivatives in excellent yields. Selective Heck arylation reaction at the 2‐position was achieved with aryl iodides with K3PO4 as base and SPhos ligand with Pd(OAc)2 (1–5 mol‐%). A selective hydroarylation reaction (formal conjugate addition) was developed by using the same aryl iodides, benzyldiethylamine, Pd(OAc)2, and P(o‐tol)3. The products were converted, either directly or after alkene reduction, through a Baeyer–Villiger oxidation into chiral 3‐ and 4‐substituted 5‐(hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran‐2(3H)‐ones.
Preparation, Characterization and Electrochemical Application of ZnS/ZnAl2S4 Nanocomposite for Voltammetric Determination of Methionine and Tryptophan Using Modified Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Tajik Somayeh , Taher Mohammad Ali , Beitollahi Hadi , Hosseinzadeh Rahman , Ranjbar Mehdi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractZnS/ZnAl2S4 nanocomposite and 2‐chlorobenzoyl ferrocene, were synthesized and used to construct a modified carbon paste electrode. The electrooxidation of methionine at the surface of the modified electrode was studied. Under the optimized conditions, the square wave voltammetric (SWV) peak current of methionine increased linearly with methionine concentration in the range of 5.0×10−8 to 8.0×10−4 M and detection limit of 10.0 nM was obtained for methionine. The prepared modified electrode exhibits a very good resolution between the voltammetric peaks of methionine and tryptophan which makes it suitable for the detection of methionine in the presence of tryptophan in real samples.
Wavelength‐domain burst cloning for reducing data loss in OBS networks without wavelength‐conversion capability
Authors: González‐Ortega M. A. , López‐Ardao J. C. , Suárez‐González A. , López‐García C. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTA major problem in optical burst switching networks is data loss due to burst contention. Wavelength conversion can alleviate it, but it is complex and expensive. We present multiple wavelength simultaneous transmission (MWST), a new method to reduce data loss in optical burst switching networks without wavelength converters. MWST simultaneously sends several copies of every data burst, each on a different wavelength, so as to increase the chances of data delivery. We prove that MWST significantly reduces data loss and that it is a simpler and cheaper alternative to wavelength conversion. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Is Panarea Island (Italy) a valid and cost‐effective natural laboratory for the development of detection and monitoring techniques for submarine CO2 seepage?
Authors: Caramanna Giorgio , Voltattorni Nunzia , Maroto‐Valer M. Mercedes 
Published: October 2015

AbstractDeveloping reliable detection and monitoring techniques for underwater CO2 seepage and its effects on the marine environment is important for a wide range of topics; for example: volcanic surveillance, risk assessment of potential leakages from sub‐seabed CO2 storage sites, and to forecast the effects of ocean acidification. A novel approach is to use areas where natural release of CO2 is present as ‘field‐laboratories’ for validation of CO2 monitoring techniques and procedures. One such area was identified close to the volcanic island of Panarea (Italy). Here, CO2 seeps from the seafloor in shallow water allowing scuba divers to collect the needed data. Moreover, the coastal setting allows use of small boats for the marine operations, thus strongly reducing the costs. The applied study techniques examined are mainly sampling methods for free and dissolved gases, direct measurement of the CO2 fluxes, pH measurement along the water column, and verification of the impact of CO2 on the local environment.From these first results, the submarine degassing area of Panarea can be realistically considered a natural laboratory where it is possible to test and validate detection methods for the prompt identification of potential seepage from sub‐seabed CO2 storage areas. The particularly favorable environment permits the use of simplified logistics, thus reducing the costs of the research to almost negligible values if compared with any high‐seas operation. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Counterterrorism, Ethics, and Global Health
Authors: Eckenwiler Lisa , Hunt Matthew 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe intersection of national security, foreign policy, and health has been explored in a number of arenas, but little attention has been devoted to the ethical issues surrounding the global health impact of current counterterrorism policy and practice. In this essay, we’ll review a range of harms to population health traceable to counterterrorism operations, identify concerns involving moral agency and responsibility—specifically of humanitarian health workers, military medical personnel, and national security officials and operatives—and highlight two interrelated policy issues: the need for a conception of national security that incorporates a cosmopolitan concern for health, and the need for shared health governance, including governance of activities affecting health.
Biflavones and Furanone Glucosides from Zabelia tyaihyonii
Authors: Jang Hari , Lee Jin Woo , Jin Qinghao , Kim Soo‐Young , Lee Dongho , Hong Jin Tae , Kim Youngsoo , Lee Mi Kyeong , Hwang Bang Yeon 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTwo new biflavones, (aR)‐3′‐methoxycupressuflavone (1) and (aR)‐3′,3′′′‐dimethoxycupressuflavone (2), and two new furanone glucosides, zabeliosides A and B (3 and 4, resp.), along with two known biflavones, cupressuflavone (5) and amentoflavone (6), were isolated from the leaves of Zabelia tyaihyonii. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, HR‐ESI‐MS, and circular dichroism.
Bioactive Trichothecenes Produced by the Myrothecium sp. QB‐1
Authors: Ren Ren , Chen Chao‐Jun , Liu Xian‐Xian , Ge Hui‐Ming , Tan Ren‐Xiang , Jiao Rui‐Hua 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThree new simple trichothecenes, 15‐acetyltrichoverrol B (3), 13′‐acetyltrichoverrin B (5), and 6′‐dehydroxytrichoverrin B (6), along with five known trichothecenes trichodermadienediol B (1), trichoverrol B (2), trichoverrin B (4), and roridins A (7) and D (8), have been isolated from the liquid culture of Myrothecium roridum (strain no. QB‐1). The structures of the new compounds were established by comprehensive analysis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR data. All the compounds were evaluated for antifungal activity, only compounds 7 and 8 showed significant antifungal activity against the tested fungi (MIC ranged from 10 to 5 μg/ml).
A New Irregular Trihydroxy Sesquiterpene from Teucrium mascatense
Authors: Ali Liaqat , Hussain Imtiaz , Rizvi Tania Shamim , Khan Abdul Latif , Shujah Shaukat , Al‐Sahi Jawahar Mohammed Salim , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Hussain Javid 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA new trihydroxy sesquiterpene, rel‐(1R,4aR,5S,6S,7S,8aR)‐decahydro‐6,8a‐dimethyl‐5‐(propan‐2‐yl)naphthalene‐1,6,7‐triol (1), has been isolated as a result of the phytochemical investigation on the CH2Cl2 extract of Teucrium mascatense. The structure elucidation of the new constituent was carried out by the combined use of 1D‐ (1H‐ and 13C‐NMR) and 2D‐NMR (HMBC and HSQC) spectroscopic analysis, along with mass spectrometric techniques. In addition to the new constituent 1, the known metabolite 2, previously isolated from Crataegus pinnatifida, was also identified.
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Mangiferaelactone using D‐Mannose as a Chiral Pool
Authors: Reddy Basi V. Subba , Reddy Pathuri Sivaramakrishna , Babu Kummari Vijaya , Reddy Bhemavarapu Phaneendra , Yadav Jhillu Singh 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA convergent total synthesis of mangiferaelactone has been accomplished in a highly stereoselective manner from readily available D‐mannose. The following methods like organocatalytic enantioselective epoxidation, ring‐closing metathesis, and Steglich esterification have been employed as key steps, which make this approach more attractive.
Developing Customers as Partial Employees: Predictors and Outcomes of Customer Performance in a Services Context
Authors: Halbesleben Jonathon R. B. , Stoutner Oliver K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractScholars within the field of HRD have acknowledged the need for more research in services contexts, particularly a consideration of how customers might be developed as human resources in service exchanges. To that end, this research investigates the antecedents and consequences of customer performance within the context of service exchanges. With a matched sample of service providers and customers (n = 164 pairs, 328 total participants), we found that customer–service provider fit was related to customer performance, which was associated with outcomes for the customer (satisfaction and loyalty) and the service provider (greater satisfaction and commitment). We offer a discussion of the implications of this research for human resource strategies aimed at developing customers in service firms.
Iterative adaptive spatial filtering for noise‐suppression in functional magnetic resonance imaging time‐series
Authors: Monir Syed Muhammad , Siyal Mohammed Yakoob 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe present an iterative scheme for adaptive smoothing of functional magnetic resonance images. We propose a novel similarity measure to estimate the weights of the smoothing filter based on the functional similarity of the voxels under the smoothing kernel with the voxel under consideration as well as their similarity with a reference time‐course representing the expected BOLD response. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed method by applying the method to preprocess both simulated and real fMRI data. The method improves the functional SNR of the data while preserving the shapes of the functionally active region and its performance is not compromised when structured noise is the dominant noise source. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 21, 260‐270, 2011;
ANALYSIS OF SEASONAL CHANGES IN WATER QUALITIES IN EUTROPHIC RESERVOIRS IN A FLAT LOW‐LYING AGRICULTURAL AREA USING AN ALGAE‐BASED ECOSYSTEM MODEL
Authors: Harada Masayoshi , Douma Akifumi , Hiramatsu Kazuaki , Nguyen Do Thuy , Marui Atsushi 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTIn this study, a one‐box ecosystem model evaluating four algal groups (green algae, blue‐green algae, diatoms/dinoflagellates, and cryptophytes) was constructed for three eutrophic reservoirs in a flat, low‐lying agricultural area. These reservoirs are used as agricultural water resources, and they differ in characteristics such as water depth, storage capacity, and vegetation. Water quality surveys of the chlorophyll‐a concentration of each algal group, total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and dissolved oxygen (DO) were conducted weekly, from July to November 2009, to verify the validity of the ecosystem model. The model evaluated seasonal changes in water qualities for the different eutrophic reservoirs and could estimate the dynamic characteristics of nutrients related to the seasonal changes in algae. The study showed promising results and the model could be used to simulate the relationship between phytoplankton and nutrients, as well as seasonal changes in the species composition of algae during the brief but critical period when strong eutrophication occurred. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF HABITATS OF A TIDAL LAND RECLAMATION AREA FOR WINTER MIGRANTS IN KOREA
Authors: Hyun Park Sang , Ok Kim Jae , Jae Ji Kwang , Bae Lee Deog 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThis study has been carried out to evaluate the habitat role for migratory birds in a tidal reclamation area in comparison with a river estuary in Korea. It also includes the contribution effect of the contract on the optional Choice of Paddy Field Management (CPFM) program to sustain biodiversity of winter migrants in Korea. The CPFM program has been practiced to attract winter migratory birds in cooperation with the farmers who spread rice straw, cultivate barley and provide shallow flooding paddy during the winter season in various reclaimed areas.The study result shows that a large number of winter migratory birds visited the tidal reclamation areas and the reason given is that wave intrusion was prevented by the sea dike and water level changes in the lake are less than tidal level changes in the estuary, as well as the irrigated paddy field supply of food and shelter for the birds in the reclaimed area.In the tidal reclamation area, the dominant species are waterfowl such as geese and ducks, while waders, shore birds and other small birds have declined after reclamation in the area, as the freshwater lakes are rather deeper than coastal shorelines to attract them.In conclusion, tidal areas with large paddy fields and freshwater lakes have allowed not only an increase in food production but also have attracted winter migrants supported by farmers and government; however, more effort will be needed to provide habitats for rare and distinctive birds in the reclamation area. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.