bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between tertiary lymphoid structures and clinical outcomes in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: an updated meta-analysis
Authors: Li Lingli , Guo Yusheng , Gong Bingxin , Wang Sichen , Wang Maggie Meijia , Sun Peng , Jiang Shanshan , Yang Lian 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundAlthough numerous studies have reported the association between tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) and clinical outcomes in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), there remains a lack of a newer and more comprehensive meta-analysis. The main objective of this study is to explore prognostic biomarkers in immunotherapy-related patients, through analyzing the associations between tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) and clinical outcomes in cancer patients treated with ICIs, so as to investigate their prognostic value in cancer patients treated with ICIs.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted until February 2024 across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant studies evaluating the association between tertiary lymphoid structures and clinical outcomes in cancer patients treated with ICIs. The clinical outcomes were overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR).ResultsThirteen studies were incorporated in this meta-analysis, among which nine evaluated the prognostic value of TLSs. The results showed the high levels of TLSs predicted a significantly prolonged OS (pooled HR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.24–0.53, p &lt; 0.001) and PFS (pooled HR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.31–0.72, p &lt; 0.001), while lower ORR (pooled OR = 3.78, 95% CI: 2.26–6.33, p &lt; 0.001) in cancer patients treated with ICIs.ConclusionOur results indicated that high levels of TLSs could predict a favorable prognosis for cancer patients treated with ICIs and have the potential to become a prognostic biomarker of immunotherapy-related patients.
Prediction and analysis of components and functions of Ixeris chinensis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Ni Ziwei , Ma Zhe , Qiao Xiaoting , Guo Yaqian , Ruan Cailian , Wang Yayun , Yang Ying 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundIt is reported that the Ixeris chinensis has high medicinal value, but there are few reports about its potential molecular mechanism. We used a network pharmacology approach to predict the active ingredients, targets of action and possible interventions in diseases of Ixeris chinensis.MethodsWe employed various databases and software to predict the active ingredients, target genes, protein interactions, signaling pathways, network diagrams, and molecular docking of Ixeris chinensis. Simultaneously, we searched multiple Chinese and English databases and conducted meta-analyses of five randomized controlled trials.ResultsThe analysis results revealed 12 effective components, including apigenin β-sitosterol, baicalin, baicalein, and luteolin; and selected 40 key targets, including AKT1, TNF, EGFR, ESR1, SRC, among others. GO analysis generated 225 biological processes, 39 cellular components, and 65 molecular functions; KEGG analysis revealed 103 signaling pathways. Molecular docking results indicated that the main active components of Ixeris chinensis can bind well with key targets. Five randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis showed that Ixeris extract can effectively reduce animal blood lipid levels.ConclusionThis study revealed the main active ingredients and key targets of Ixeris chinensis, analyzed the signaling pathways of potential targets, conducted disease prediction, and performed molecular docking prediction, providing a basis for research on the pathways of Ixeris treatment for related diseases and subsequent new drug development.
No colonization resistance to Campylobacter jejuni in broilers fed brown algal extract-supplemented diets
Authors: Eliasson Eliška , Sun Li , Cervin Gunnar , Pavia Henrik , Tällberg Gustav , Ellström Patrik , Ivarsson Emma 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionCampylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis is the most commonly reported zoonosis within the EU, with poultry products regarded as the primary source of transmission to humans. Therefore, finding strategies to reduce Campylobacter colonization in broilers holds importance for public health. Recent studies suggest that supplementation of broiler feed with brown algal extracts, particularly laminarin, can provide beneficial effects on broiler gut health, growth performance, and gut microbiota. However, its effect on gut microbiota development and subsequent reduction of Campylobacter loads in broiler caeca during the later stages of the birds' lives remains unclear.MethodsExperimental colonization of Ross 308 broilers with two different strains of C. jejuni was conducted, with groups fed either a basal diet or the same basal diet supplemented with 725 ppm algal extract from Saccharina latissima to provide 290 ppm laminarin. Fecal samples were collected for bacterial enumeration, and caecal samples were obtained before and after the C. jejuni challenge for the determination of microbiota development.Results and discussionNo significant differences in fecal C. jejuni concentrations between the groups fed different diets or exposed to different C. jejuni strains were observed. This suggests that both strains colonized the birds equally well and that the laminarin rich algal extract did not have any inhibitory effect on C. jejuni colonization. Notably, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed detailed data on the caecal microbiota development, likely influenced by both bird age and C. jejuni colonization, which can be valuable for further development of broiler feed formulations aimed at promoting gut health.
Single-cell sequencing and multiple machine learning algorithms to identify key T-cell differentiation gene for progression of NAFLD cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang De-hua , Ye Li-hong , Ning Jing-yuan , Zhang Xiao-kuan , Lv Ting-ting , Li Zi-jie , Wang Zhi-yu 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is closely associated with chronicinflammation, is the most common liver cancer and primarily involves dysregulated immune responses in the precancerous microenvironment. Currently, most studies have been limited to HCC incidence. However, the immunopathogenic mechanisms underlying precancerous lesions remain unknown.Methods: We obtained single-cell sequencing data (GSE136103) from two nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) cirrhosis samples and five healthy samples. Using pseudo-time analysis, we systematically identified five different T-cell differentiation states. Ten machine-learning algorithms were used in 81 combinations to integrate the frameworks and establish the best T-cell differentiation-related prognostic signature in a multi-cohort bulk transcriptome analysis.Results: LDHA was considered a core gene, and the results were validated using multiple external datasets. In addition, we validated LDHA expression using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.Conclusion: LDHA is a crucial marker gene in T cells for the progression of NAFLD cirrhosis to HCC.
Comparison of injective related reactions following ofatumumab and ocrelizumab in patients with multiple sclerosis: data from the European spontaneous reporting system
Authors: Scavone Cristina , Anatriello Antonietta , Baccari Isabella , Cantone Andrea , Di Giulio Cesare Daniele , Bernardi Francesca Futura , Moreggia Ornella , Liguori Valerio , Andreone Vincenzo , Maniscalco Giorgia Teresa , Capuano Annalisa 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionIn 2021 ofatumumab, a recombinant human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) already authorized for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, received the marketing approval for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Differently from ocrelizumab, that is administered intravenously, ofatumumab if the first anti-CD20 mAb to be administered subcutaneously without a premedication.Methods and objectivesIn this study we aimed to describe and compare the main characteristics of Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) describing the occurrence of Injective Related Reactions (IRRs) following the treatment with ocrelizumab and ofatumumab reported in the Eudravigilance (EV) database during years 2021–2023.ResultsA total of 860 ICSRs with either ofatumumab and ocrelizumab as suspected drug were retrieved from Eudravigilance, of which 51% associated with ofatumumab and 49% with ocrelizumab. The majority of patients who experienced IRRs following ocrelizumab belonged to the age group of 18–64 years (73%), while the age-group was mostly not specified (55%) in ICSRs reporting ofatumumab as suspected. The distribution of gender was almost similar in the two groups, with the majority of ICSRs related to female patients. “Pyrexia” was the Preferred Term (PT) most reported for ofatumumab, while “Infusion related reaction” were more frequently reported with ocrelizumab. Premedication drugs were reported in 148 ICSRs. Out of 89 ICSRs for which the Time to Event (TTE) was calculated, 74 reported IRRs that occurred the same day of the drug administration.DiscussionBased on the results of this study, although a risk of ofatumumab-induced IRRs cannot be excluded, it should be considered as manageable considering that the drug seems to be mostly associated with the occurrence of fever. Thus, it is important to continue to closely monitor the use of these in clinical practice to improve the knowledge on their long-term safety.
Association between the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio and mortality in older Japanese patients with dysphagia
Authors: Guo Chunhong , Zheng Pingping , Chen Shiyang , Wei Lin , Fu Xiuzhen , Fu Youyuan , Hu Tianhong , Chen Shaohua 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundC-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CRP/ALB) has been proven to represent a biomarker for predicting prognosis in many groups of patients with severe diseases. However, few studies have investigated the association between CRP/ALB and mortality in Japan older people with dysphagia patients.ObjectiveThis retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the prognostic value of C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) in older Japanese patients with dysphagia.MethodsWe analyzed data from 253 patients diagnosed with dysphagia at a single center between January 2014 and January 2017. Cox regression analysis was used to compare the mortality rates across the CAR tertiles. Subgroup analyses were conducted, and Kaplan–Meier curves were used to determine the median survival times.ResultsThe study included 154 female and 99 male patients, with a median age of 83 years. After adjusting for all covariates, the multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed a significant association between increasing CAR (HR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03–1.37, P = 0.022) and the risk of mortality. Compared to the reference group T1 (&lt; 0.149), the adjusted hazard ratios for T2 (0.149–0.815) and T3 (&gt; 0.815) were 1.75 (95% CI: 1.07–2.87, P = 0.027) and 2.15 (95% CI: 1.34–3.46, P = 0.002), respectively. Kaplan–Meier curves indicated median survival times of 864, 371, and 223 days for T1, T2, and T3, respectively.ConclusionThe C-reactive protein/albumin ratio was positively related to mortality in Japan older people with dysphagia patients. There was no interaction for the subgroup analysis. The result was stable.
The association between the dietary inflammatory index and allergic rhinitis: a case–control study
Authors: Wang Qian , Dong Niuniu , Feng Yan , Ning Yan , Zhu Ruifang , Han Shifan 
Published: June 2024

Background and objectiveAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic inflammatory disease that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. However, there is limited research on the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and the risk of AR. Our study aimed to assess the association between DII and AR in a sample of adults from North China.MethodsIn a case–control study, we selected 166 cases of AR and 166 age- and gender-matched controls. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were calculated based on the quantity of diet components with inflammatory or anti-inflammatory potential. We used conditional logistic regression models to examine the association between E-DII and AR.ResultsOur findings indicate a positive correlation between E-DII and AR risk. After controlling for confounders, individuals in the highest E-DII tertile exhibited a 4.41-fold increased risk of AR compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR 4.41, 95% CI 2.31–8.41). Additionally, stratified analysis showed that E-DII was positively associated with AR subtype (seasonal vs. perennial), duration (≤6 years vs. &gt;6 years), severity (mild vs. moderate–severe), and onset time (intermittent vs. persistent). Furthermore, individuals in the highest E-DII tertile had higher intake of total fat, SFA, PUFAs, and n-6 PUFAs.ConclusionIn conclusion, we realized that there is a positive association between the E-DII score and AR. The consumption of diets abundant in anti-inflammatory nutrients and low in pro-inflammatory nutrient contents is recommended as a preventative strategy against AR.
Does China’s national volume-based drug procurement policy promote or hinder pharmaceutical innovation?
Authors: Li Xiujuan , Xu Jiachun 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe national volume-based drug procurement policy initiated in China since 2018 represents a significant reform in China’s pharmaceutical distribution system. It has largely squeezed out the price bubble of low-end generic drugs, making competition in the pharmaceutical sales segment more intense and transparent. This policy intervenes in the distribution link of the pharmaceutical industry by intensifying market competition, thereby enhancing the innovation willingness and R&amp;D capabilities of pharmaceutical companies.MethodsTaking the national volume-based drug procurement policy as the policy shock, we used the multi-period difference-in-difference method to study the impact of the policy on innovation input, innovation output quantity and innovation output quality of listed pharmaceutical companies and its impact mechanism.ResultsWe found that the volume-based policy can significantly promote the pharmaceutical companies’ innovation input and the innovation output quality, but significantly reduced the innovation output quantity. For innovative and generic drug companies, this policy has limited impact on innovative drug companies, but force generic drug companies to pay more attention to cost control and market positioning, and the quality and cost-effectiveness of R&amp;D output to ensure competitiveness in the market. For bid-winning and non-winning companies, the policy has a greater innovation incentive for non-winning companies than winning companies, by imposing greater survival pressure on non-winning companies, forcing them to increase R&amp;D investment intensity and adopt the innovation strategy of preferring quality to quantity.DiscussionThe results show that the national volume-based drug procurement policy should be expanded to lower drug prices and lighten the medical burden on patients, with enhanced quality and safety supervision. Additionally, it suggests cautious application of such policies to innovative and high-end generic drugs to encourage continued pharmaceutical innovation and industry advancement.
Realization of affiliation goals, interpersonal identity development, and well-being: effects of the implicit affiliation motive among German and Zambian adolescents
Authors: Hofer Jan , Busch Holger , Menon Anitha 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionAcross various cultural contexts, success in goal realization relates to individuals’ well-being. Moreover, commitment to and successful pursuance of goals are crucial when searching for a meaningful identity in adolescence. However, individuals’ goals differ in how much they match their implicit motive dispositions. We hypothesized that successful pursuance of affiliation goals positively relates to commitment-related dimensions of interpersonal identity development (domain: close friends) that, in turn, predict adolescents’ level of well-being. However, we further assumed that the links between goal success and identity commitment are particularly pronounced among adolescents who are characterized by a high implicit affiliation motive.MethodsTo scrutinize the generalizability of the assumed relationships, data were assessed among adolescents in individualistic (Germany) and collectivistic (Zambia) cultural contexts.ResultsRegardless of adolescents’ cultural background, we found that commitment-related dimensions of interpersonal identity development mediate the link between successful attainment of affiliation goals and well-being, particularly among adolescents with a pronounced implicit affiliation motive; that is, the strength of the implicit affiliation motive moderates the association between goal success and identity commitment.ConclusionWe discuss findings concerning universal effects of implicit motives on identity commitment and well-being.
“We can all relate”: patient experience of an emotion-oriented group intervention after Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: Rowlands Leanne , Salas Christian , Coetzer Rudi , Buckland Sharon , Turnbull Oliver H. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionGroup interventions are carried out routinely across neuropsychological rehabilitation services, to improve understanding of brain injury and aspects of impairment. Treatment provided in a group modality can bring additional perceived benefits, such as co-operative learning. However, there are very few studies which explore patient perceptions and experiences of such interventions. In the present study we investigated the experience of attending a group-based educational intervention for the consequences of acquired brain injury (ABI), which had a strong focus on emotion and emotion regulation.MethodsUsing qualitative semi-structured interviews (approximately 20 minutes), the study explores the lived experience of participating in the seven-session programme, the better to identify the perceived efficacy, salience and value of individual elements. Twenty participants with ABI took part in individual interviews, after completion of the group programme (the Brain Injury Solutions and Emotions Programme, BISEP). The study adopted a descriptive phenomenological philosophy, which focuses on lived experience to explore a phenomenon (i.e. the experience of BISEP). As regards methods, the study employed thematic analysis to cluster experiences into themes of meaning.ResultsFive themes were identified: (1) ‘Long term consequences and psychological needs’, which related to the persistent nature of direct consequences of injury and adjustment, and how these result in a need for interventions such as BISEP. (2) ‘Positive experiences of participating in the programme’, referred to participants’ overall experience of the programme and valued elements within it. The remaining themes referred to the programme as (3) a social milieu; (4) a place to learn; and (5) a place to promote positive emotional experiences.DiscussionSimilar to previous studies, many people reported high acceptability and perceived value of the group programme, and its role in facilitating adjustment and understanding of injury. Of particular importance was the opportunity to socialise with people who “can all relate”, in line with a growing emphasis on social rehabilitation. The findings especially highlight the relevance of emotion-focused group programmes for ABI, promoting emotion regulation, and practical tools that are delivered optimistically. Further implications for practice and future research include to focus on long term rehabilitation, a social milieu, and strategies to support adjustment.
The shadow of fear: hate crime victimization and stress after Charlottesville
Authors: Hellyer Joshua , Gereke Johanna 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionRecent years have witnessed an increase in highly publicized attacks targeting members of ethnoracial and religious minority groups. To date, existing research has primarily focused on the tendency for such “trigger events” to generate violent aftershocks. We argue that beyond such ripple effects, highly salient trigger events significantly increase hate-crime related stress among racial and ethnic minorities. Additionally, we explore whether these effects are limited to the group most clearly targeted, or if they “spill over” to other minoritized communities.MethodsTo study reactions to hate crimes, we draw upon national survey data (N = 1,122) in combination with a natural experiment involving the Unite the Right rally and vehicle attack in Charlottesville, Virginia in August 2017. We employ an “unexpected event during survey” design to estimate the causal effect of the Charlottesville rally on stress about hate crimes.ResultsWe first show that there was an increase in anti-Black hate crimes in the 2 weeks following the Charlottesville incident. We also find a corresponding increase in stress due to the perception of personal vulnerability to hate crimes among African-Americans. However, we do not observe a significant increase in levels of stress following the trigger event among Hispanics and Asian Americans.DiscussionOur results suggest that highly publicized instances of intergroup violence can have significant impacts on stress about hate crime victimization within the target group. However, we find that this effect is short-lived, and that both violent aftershocks and the general climate of fear spurred by hate crimes may be racially bounded.
When high work engagement is negative for family tasks: mechanisms and boundary conditions
Authors: Onyishi Ike E. , Nohe Christoph , Ugwu Fabian O. , Amazue Lawrence O. , Hertel Guido 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundTypically, work engagement is positively related to beneficial job outcomes. Earlier studies, however, revealed a “dark side” of work engagement showing negative effects such as more work-family conflict. Using a resource perspective, our study seeks to better understand why and when these negative effects of work engagement occur. Specifically, we test a new model in which the relationship of work engagement with work-family conflict is mediated by organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and work rumination. Moreover, we argue that employees’ resource-building strategies (i.e., job crafting) and resource levels (i.e., psychological capital) buffer resource depletion due to high work engagement.MethodsWe tested our assumptions in a field study that involved data collected on three measurement points with 523 employees from Nigeria. The measures consist of Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale, Work Rumination Scale, Psychological Capital Scale, Job Crafting Measure, Work-family Conflict Scale, and demographic variables. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses.Results and discussionResults from latent structure equation modelling confirm that work rumination mediates the positive relationship between work engagement and work-family conflict. Additionally, our findings suggest that behavioral engagement (i.e.,OCB) and work rumination mediate the relationship between work engagement and work-family conflict. Moreover, psychological capital mitigated the relationships of work engagement with work rumination, but not job crafting. Our study helps to better understand the “dark side” of work engagement and offers implications on how to mitigate its detrimental relationship with work-family conflict.