bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate reconstruction analysis using coexistence likelihood estimation (CRACLE): A method for the estimation of climate using vegetation
Authors: Harbert Robert S. , Nixon Kevin C. 
Published: August 2015

• Premise of the study: Plant distributions have long been understood to be correlated with the environmental conditions to which species are adapted. Climate is one of the major components driving species distributions. Therefore, it is expected that the plants coexisting in a community are reflective of the local environment, particularly climate.• Methods: Presented here is a method for the estimation of climate from local plant species coexistence data. The method, Climate Reconstruction Analysis using Coexistence Likelihood Estimation (CRACLE), is a likelihood‐based method that employs specimen collection data at a global scale for the inference of species climate tolerance. CRACLE calculates the maximum joint likelihood of coexistence given individual species climate tolerance characterization to estimate the expected climate.• Key results: Plant distribution data for more than 4000 species were used to show that this method accurately infers expected climate profiles for 165 sites with diverse climatic conditions. Estimates differ from the WorldClim global climate model by less than 1.5°C on average for mean annual temperature and less than ∼250 mm for mean annual precipitation. This is a significant improvement upon other plant‐based climate‐proxy methods.• Conclusions: CRACLE validates long hypothesized interactions between climate and local associations of plant species. Furthermore, CRACLE successfully estimates climate that is consistent with the widely used WorldClim model and therefore may be applied to the quantitative estimation of paleoclimate in future studies.
Implantable Collamer Lens for Myopia: Assessment 12 Years After Implantation
Authors: Moya Tomás , Javaloy Jaime , Montés-Micó Robert , Beltrán Jaime , Muñoz Gonzalo , Montalbán Raúl 
Published: August 2015

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the long-term refractive and visual stability and the risks related to the implantation of Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL; STAAR Surgical, Monrovia, CA) phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) for myopia.

METHODS:
This retrospective, consecutive, cumulative clinical study was performed in a group of 144 eyes implanted with ICL PIOL for myopia. Only the cases with clinical data available 12 years after the implantation were included in the series. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected distance visual acuity, spherical equivalent, refractive astigmatism, endothelial cell density, ICL vaulting, and postoperative complications were analyzed.

RESULTS:

Mean spherical equivalent refraction was −16.90 ± 4.26 diopters (D) preoperatively and −1.77 ± 1.93 D 12 years postoperatively. Mean CDVA at the first and last visit were 0.31 ± 0.19 logMAR and 0.22 ± 0.22 logMAR, respectively (Mann–Whitney
U
test,
P
< .001). Twelve years postoperatively, 8.9% of eyes had lost more than two lines of CDVA. The incidence of clinically relevant cataracts (13.88%) was significantly linked to the use of the V3 model ICL (chi-square test,
P
= .007). During the follow-up period, a significant reduction in PIOL vaulting was observed (Kruskal–Wallis test,
P
< .05), and the mean endothelial cell density decreased by 19.75%.

CONCLUSIONS:
The ICL PIOL provided good refractive outcomes and stability in the long term. The incidence of cataracts is low when the latest models of this PIOL are used.

[
J Refract Surg.
2015;31(8):548–556.]
Spontaneous Haptic Flexion and Misalignment of a New Microincisional Aspheric Intraocular Lens in the Early Postoperative Period in Two Patients
Authors: Toygar Baha , Kiziloglu Özge Yabas , Toygar Okan , Aykan Ümit 
Published: August 2015

PURPOSE:
To present two cases of spontaneous haptic flexion and misalignment of a new single-piece microincisional aspheric intraocular lens (IOL) following uneventful microincisional phacoemulsification surgery and IOL implantation.

METHODS:
Case reports.

RESULTS:
Both patients had decreased visual acuity and significant myopia and astigmatism in their operated eye at the postoperative first month visit. On dilated biomicroscopic examination, flexion of one haptic was observed in both cases. In one of the cases, the misaligned IOL was explanted and a different posterior chamber IOL was implanted. In the other case, the misaligned IOL was repositioned.

CONCLUSIONS:
Cataract surgeons should be aware of the risk for haptic flexion and misalignment of this new IOL, causing decreased visual acuity and significant refractive error in the early postoperative period. Satisfactory results can be achieved by either IOL exchange or repositioning the IOL.

[
J Refract Surg.
2015;31(8):558–560.]
Endophthalmitis Caused by
Rhizobium radiobacter
After Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation to Correct Myopia
Authors: Al-Abdullah Abdulelah A. , Al-Falah Mohammad , Al-Rashaed Saba , Khandekar Rajiv , Arevalo J. Fernando 
Published: August 2015

PURPOSE:

To describe a 29-year-old man presenting with acute-onset endophthalmitis caused by
Rhizobium
(formerly
Agrobacterium
)
radiobacter
after uneventful implantable collamer lens implantation for myopia.

METHODS:
Case report.

RESULTS:
The patient was treated with intravitreal injections of vancomycin and ceftazidime, as well as topical and systemic antibiotics. The patient had a good response with a final visual acuity of 20/50 at the last follow-up visit 25 months postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS:

This case represents the first case report of endophthalmitis caused by
Rhizobium radiobacter
following implantable collamer lens implantation.

[
J Refract Surg.
2015;31(8):561–563.]
Combined 23-Gauge PPV and Scleral Buckle Versus 23-Gauge PPV Alone for Primary Repair of Pseudophakic Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment
Authors: Setlur Vikram J. , Rayess Nadim , Garg Sunir J. , Hsu Jason , Luo Caesar K. , Regillo Carl D. , Fineman Mitchell S. , Sivalingam Arunan 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
This review compares 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) alone versus combined 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy and scleral buckle (PPV/SB) for primary repair of pseudophakic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A retrospective review of 70 eyes that underwent 23-gauge PPV and 43 eyes that received 23-gauge PPV/SB for pseudophakic RRD. Minimum follow-up was 3 months. Outcome measures included anatomical success, visual acuity, and complication rates.

RESULTS:

The 23-gauge PPV group achieved primary anatomical success in 58 of 70 cases (83%). Primary success in the PPV/SB group occurred in 36 of 43 cases (84%). Final anatomical success was achieved in all 113 cases (100%). The difference in primary success rates was not statistically significant (
P
= 1.000, Fisher exact test). Average visual acuity for macula-on RRDs in the PPV group showed a +0.07 logMAR improvement (
P
= .580) versus a +1.34 improvement (
P
< .001) in macula-off PPV cases. SB/PPV macula-on cases showed a decrease in logMAR visual acuity by −0.06 (
P
= .380) while macula-off SB/PPV cases improved by +1.28 (
P
= .002). There were no significant complications in either group.

CONCLUSION:
Both 23-gauge PPV and PPV/SB are effective procedures for repairing pseudophakic RRD and exhibit similar rates of success.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2015;46:702–707.]
Predictability of Recurrent Exudation and Subretinal Hemorrhaging in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration With Indocyanine Green Angiography
Authors: Rush Ryan B. , Rush Sloan W. , Aragon Antonio V. , Ysasaga J. Edward 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To report the predictability of recurrent exudation and subretinal hemorrhaging after treatment extension in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) through assessment of interval changes in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) size on indocyanine green (ICG) angiography.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The charts of patients with neovascular AMD who underwent bevacizumab therapy using a treat-and-extend protocol were retrospectively reviewed over a 12-month period.

RESULTS:

An increase of 33% or more in CNV surface area on ICG angiography from 4 to 6 weeks, 6 to 8 weeks, and 8 to 10 weeks was observed in patients whose treatment interval could not be extended from 6 to 8 weeks, 8 to 10 weeks, and 10 to 12 weeks, respectively, and this was significant compared to patients whose treatment interval was successfully extended during those respective intervals (
P
< .0001,
P
= .0002,
P
= .0004, respectively).

CONCLUSION:
CNV size change on ICG angiography can predict which patients are likely to experience recurrent exudation and/or subretinal hemorrhaging after treatment extension using treat-and-extend bevacizumab.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2015;46:718–723.]
Changing Treatment Patterns of ROP at a Tertiary Medical Center Between 2002 and 2012
Authors: Kaakour Abdul-Hadi , Hansen Eric D. , Aziz Hassan A. , Young Ryan C. , Berrocal Audina M. 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To clinically correlate and evaluate the screening and treatment patterns of retinopathy of prematurity by a single physician at a tertiary care center between 2002 and 2012.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A group of 10,924 newborns screened for ROP between 2002 and 2012 were retrospectively analyzed in a consecutive case series. Records of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at Jackson Memorial Hospital/Bascom Palmer Eye Institute were reviewed to identify patients clinically diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity who underwent treatment.

RESULTS:

Laser photocoagulation was used to treat 231 of 10,924 (2.1%). Of these 231 patients, 176 (76.2%) were included in the study (55 infants were excluded because they were referred from outside institutions for advanced ROP). Of the 176 treated patients, 89 (50.6%) were male and 87 (49.4%) were female. The average birth weight was 687.3 g. The mean gestational age was 24.8 weeks. The mean time between birth and treatment was 3 months. Of the 176 patients, 31 required re-treatment with laser photocoagulation. The rates of treatment and retreatment significantly declined with the experience of the treating physician (
P
< .01). Retinal detachment occurred in two of 176 patients (1.1%).

CONCLUSION:
Experience is essential in delivering optimal care in a complex disease such as ROP. Between 2002 and 2012, the rate of treatment and retreatment significantly decreased. Possible reasons include improvements in neonatal care, but it is more likely that the rate of treatment and re-treatment is inversely proportional to the ophthalmologist’s experience with and comfort in managing ROP.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2015;46:752–754.]
Development, Evaluation and Implementation of Chief Complaint Groupings to Activate Data Collection
Authors: Bajaj L. , Hoffman J. , Alessandrini E. , Ballard D. W. , Norris R. , Tzimenatos L. , Swietlik M. , Tham E. , Grundmeier R. W. , Kuppermann N. , Dayan P. S. , Deakyne S. J. ,   the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN)
Published: August 2015

SummaryBackground: Overuse of cranial computed tomography scans in children with blunt head trauma unnecessarily exposes them to radiation. The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) blunt head trauma prediction rules identify children who do not require a computed tomography scan. Electronic health record (EHR) based clinical decision support (CDS) may effectively implement these rules but must only be provided for appropriate patients in order to minimize excessive alerts.Objective: To develop, implement and evaluate site-specific groupings of chief complaints (CC) that accurately identify children with head trauma, in order to activate data collection in an EHR.Methods: As part of a 13 site clinical trial comparing cranial computed tomography use before and after implementation of CDS, four PECARN sites centrally developed and locally implemented CC groupings to trigger a clinical trial alert (CTA) to facilitate the completion of an emergency department head trauma data collection template. We tested and chose CC groupings to attain high sensitivity while maintaining at least moderate specificity.Results: Due to variability in CCs available, identical groupings across sites were not possible. We noted substantial variability in the sensitivity and specificity of seemingly similar CC groupings between sites. The implemented CC groupings had sensitivities greater than 90% with specificities between 75–89%. During the trial, formal testing and provider feedback led to tailoring of the CC groupings at some sites.Conclusion: CC groupings can be successfully developed and implemented across multiple sites to accurately identify patients who should have a CTA triggered to facilitate EHR data collection. However, CC groupings will necessarily vary in order to attain high sensitivity and moderate-to-high specificity. In future trials, the balance between sensitivity and specificity should be considered based on the nature of the clinical condition, including prevalence and morbidity, in addition to the goals of the intervention being considered.Citation: Deakyne SJ, Bajaj L, Hoffmann J, Alessandrini E, Ballard DW, Norris R, Tzimenatos L, Swietlik M, Tham E, Grundmeier RW, Kuppermann N, Dayan PS. Development, Evaluation and Implementation of Chief Complaint Groupings to Activate Data Collection in a Multi-Center Study of Clinical Decision Support for Children with Head Trauma. Appl Clin Inform 2015; 6: 521–535http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2015-02-RA-0019
Association of adiposity, measures of metabolic dysregulation, and elevated alanine aminotransferase in subjects with normal body mass index
Authors: Treeprasertsuk Sombat , Romero-Corral Abel , Somers Virend K. , Sierra-Johnson Justo , Lindor Keith D. , Angulo Paul , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Differences in body fat (BF) distribution in patients with normal body mass index (BMI) with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) remains poorly described.
Objective: To determine the relationship between total BF, waist circumference (WC), insulin resistance (IR), and cardiometabolic risk profile in subjects with elevated ALT and normal BMI.
Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 4,914 US participants in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, who were ≥20 years of age, had normal BMI, and had body composition assessed by bioimpedance.
Results: Mean ± SD age was 41.4 ± 0.3 years, and 58% participants were women. BF was 20 ± 0.1% in men and 29.9 ± 0.1% in women. As total BF increased by tertiles, there was a tendency towards a higher prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in men (6.1%, 6.5%, 9.5%, P = 0.13), but not in women (8.7%, 8.2%, 10.7%, P = 0.71). As WC increased by tertiles, there was a higher prevalence of elevated ALT in men (2.6%, 8.6%, 6.6%, P < 0.0001), but not in women. As ALT increased, men had significantly higher levels of nonhigh density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), increased apolipoprotein B, increased IR, and lower levels of C-reactive protein, whereas, women had higher levels of non-HDL-C and increased IR.
Conclusion: In subjects with normal BMI, increased WC is associated with a higher prevalence of elevated ALT in men, but not in women. Higher levels of ALT correlated with a poor cardiometabolic risk profile.
Validation of the Thai version of the Duke Activity Status Index in patients with a previous myocardial infarction
Authors: Vibulchai Nisakorn , Thanasilp Sureeporn , Preechawong Sunida , Broome Marion E. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: The Duke Activity Status Index is a widely used instrument for measuring functional status in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, items and subscales on this instrument have not been validated for Thai patients with a previous myocardial infarction (MI).
Objective: To test the reliability and validity of the Thai version of the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI-T) in Thai patients with a previous MI using a cross-sectional study design.
Methods: The DASI-T was translated using forward and backward translation methods and administered to 100 MI patients from outpatient departments of two general hospitals in Thailand. Internal consistency was determined to test reliability. Two criterion measures (i.e. Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) classification, SF-36 physical functioning subscale) were used to test the concurrent validity of the DASI-T. Age group and CCS classification were used to determine known-groups validity of the DASI-T.
Results: Cronbach’s α for the DASI-T total score was 0.76. No ceiling or floor effect was detected for the DASI-T total score. DASI-T total score was significantly correlated with the CCS classification (r = -0.68, P < 0.01) and SF-36 physical functioning subscale (r = 0.79, P < 0.01). DASI-T total scores could differentiate MI patients based on age (P = 0.040) or CCS classification (P = 0.000).
Conclusion: The DASI-T is a potentially reliable and valid instrument with which to assess functional status in MI patients and is also useful to evaluate a treatment effect and be a guideline for clinical purposes (i.e. exercise prescription, risk stratification).
Rheumatic and congenital heart diseases among school children of Khon Kaen, Thailand: declining prevalence of rheumatic heart disease
Authors: Chaikitpinyo Arnkisa , Panamonta Manat , Wongswadiwat Yuttapong , Weraarchakul Wiboon , Panamonta Ouyporn , Panthongviriyakul Aunejit , Thepsuthammarat Kaewjai 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Rheumatic fever (RF), rheumatic heart disease (RHD), and congenital heart disease (CHD) are still major problems among Thai school children.
Objective: To examine trends in the prevalence of RF/RHD and CHD along with the socioeconomic status of school children in urban Khon Kaen, northeastern Thailand.
Methods: We conducted cross-sectional survey of 8,555 school children aged 5-15 years from 4 schools in urban Khon Kaen from January to March 2006. Pediatric cardiologists examined the school children and all cardiac diagnoses were confirmed by echocardiography. Socioeconomic data were also collected. Schools were divided into high and low socioeconomic status (SES) schools, based on the prevailing levels of parental education and household income. All positive cases of heart disease were followed and reviewed at a university hospital up to December 2013.
Results: Of 8,555 children examined, 2 had RF/RHD, and 10 had CHD. The prevalence of RF/RHD was 0.23 per 1,000 (95% CI 0.03-0.84), and the prevalence of CHD was 1.2 per 1,000 (95% CI 0.56-2.15). Prevalence of RF/RHD among urban school children in the center of northeastern Thailand had declined from 1.13 to 0.23 per 1,000 since 1986. The indices of socioeconomic development revealed marked improvement during this 20 year interim. The prevalence of RF/RHD was higher among low SES schools (4.6 per 1,000) compared with high SES schools (0 per 1,000).
Conclusion: There is a low prevalence of RHD in school children in this region compared with the period before 1986.
Original article. Childhood infective endocarditis in Khon Kaen University Hospital from 1992 to 2011
Authors: Siwaprapakorn Warawut , Panamonta Manat , Chaikitpinyo Arnkisa , Lumbiganon Pagakrong , Panamonta Ouyporn , Pachirat Orathai , Prathanee Sompop , Wongswadiwat Yuttapong , Jirapradittha Junya , Thepsuthammarat Kaewjai 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is an important cause of child morbidity and mortality, but the current burden of the disease in Thai children is unknown.
Objectives: To determine the current burden of IE in Thai children.
Patients and Methods: The records of all children aged <15 years admitted to Khon Kaen University Hospital from 1992 to 2011 were reviewed.
Results: Of 69,822 admissions, 56 patients fulfilled the modified Duke criteria for definite IE giving a rate of 0.8 cases per 1,000 admissions. Age at diagnosis was 7.9 ± 3.8 years (range, 8 days to 14.8 years). There was congenital heart disease in 38 (68%) patients, rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in 10 (18%), and no previous heart disease in 8 (14%). RHD was a less frequent underlying disease during the latter half (2002-2011) of the period studied (1/34 vs. 9/22, P < 0.001). Blood cultures were positive for pathogens in 34 (61%) patients with 11 cases of Streptococcus viridians and 8 cases of Staphylococcus aureus infections. Vegetations on echocardiography were present in 46 (82%) patients. For 8 embolic events, patients with large vegetations had a higher rate (4/6) than patients with small and no vegetations (4/50) (P < 0.003). In-hospital mortality was 11%. Eight patients with S. aureus infection had a higher mortality (5/8) than 26 patients (1/26) infected with other pathogens (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The changing epidemiology of pediatric IE was toward fewer children with RHD. Mortality among children with IE was higher in those with S. aureus infection.
Brief communication (Original). Anesthesia for cesarean section in parturients diagnosed with placenta previa in a Thai university hospital: a retrospective analysis of 562 consecutive cases
Authors: Charoenraj Pornarun , Charuluxananan Somrat , Chatrkaw Phornlert , Tunprasit Chooksak , Wangdumrongwong Parinya , Phupong Vorapong 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Anesthesia for cesarean delivery in parturients diagnosed with placenta previa remains controversial.
Objectives: To investigate factors correlated with choice of anesthesia in these parturients and their outcomes.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients with placenta previa and cesarean delivery at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Peri operative anesthetic and complication data were collected using a structured collection form. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used. P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Among 50,237 deliveries from July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2011, there were 562 cesarean sections in diagnosed cases of placenta previa. Cesarean deliveries (479) were performed under spinal anesthesia (81%), epidural anesthesia (1.8%), and if the effects spinal anesthesia dissipated, general anesthesia (2.3%). Among 46 cases of cesarean hysterectomy, 27 patients (58.7%) received regional anesthesia. However, 6 of 10 patients with planned cesarean hysterectomy underwent general anesthesia, while 1 of 4 of a group with regional anesthesia needed conversion to general anesthesia. There was no serious anesthesia-related complication. Factors related to general anesthesia were: a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status OR 2.7 (95% CI 1.7-4.3) P < 0.001; presentation with bleeding OR 1.8(95% CI 1.0-3.1) P = 0.033; anterior site of placenta OR 1.8 (95% CI 1.1-3.2) P = 0.025; heart rate >125 bpm OR 5.6 (95% CI 1.5-214) P = 0.01; and pack red cell transfusion OR 3.4 (95% CI 2.0-5.7) P < 0.001.
Conclusions: Most parturients received regional anesthesia. Neuroaxial anesthesia and general anesthesia are safe.