bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ammonium Phosphate as a Sole Nutritional Supplement for the Fermentative Production of 2,3-Butanediol from Sugar Cane Juice
Authors: Berbert-Molina Marília A. , Sato Sunao , Silveira Mauricio M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The production of 2,3-butanediol by Klebsiella pneumoniae from sugar cane juice supplemented with different salts was studied. This microorganism is able to degrade sucrose present in sugar cane juice containing ammonium phosphate as the sole nutritional supplement. With a sugar cane juice-based medium containing ~180 g sucrose /1 and 8.0 g (NH4)2HPO4, / 1, over 70 g 2,3-butanediol plus acetoin / 1 were formed. This result is comparable to that achieved with a sugar cane juice-based medium containing several nutrients, although the kinetic profiles of these runs presented significant differences. With the ammonium phosphate- enriched medium, cell growth was initially favoured by both the strong oxygen supply and the higher water activity due to the lower concentration of nutrients. After 14 h, the limitation in some nutrients led to the interruption of cell growth, and decreasing rates for product formation and substrate consumption were observed. During the stationary phase of this run, sucrose was preferentially converted to product, and the substrate was completely depleted after 35 h of the process. With the complete medium, the substrate was totally consumed after 36 h of run. In this case, the higher initial concentration of nutrients reduced the overall process rate but sustained the cell growth for 27 h. Conversion yields of 0.40 g product / g sucrose and productivities close to 2.0 g/ lxh were obtained under both conditions.
Electric Relaxation Processes in Lipid-Bilayers after Exposure to Weak Magnetic Pulses
Authors: Pazur Alexander 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Biological effects of weak magnetic fields are widespread, but poorly understood. Besides magnetic particles, which have been shown to be involved in only few cases, membranes are discussed as the site of perception. However, the mechanism is unknown. We have subjected pure lipid membranes to weak magnetic pulses, and found, that their electric properties are modified.
Black lipid membranes were prepared from purified asolectin on a teflon septum separating electrically the two chambers of a teflon cuvette, using the technique of Mueller et al. (1962). Single magnetic pulses were applied for 10 μs, whose intensity could be varied from 0 to 100 G (0 to 10 mT) at the membrane. Directly after the pulse decay, the conductance of the bilayers was scanned with 10 periods of a 1 kHz triangle alternating voltage (eg. a measurement time window of 10 ms). Frequency spectra of the bilayer current rose by a frequency dependent factor ≤ 2 in a broad region around 80 kHz, when the amplitude of the preceding magnetic pulse was increased from 0 to 100 G. The data show, that weak magnetic fields can significantly change the electrical conductance of lipid films. The relaxation of electrons in a two-dimensional quantum state (“quantum hollow”) will be discussed as a possible origin of these effects.
Appearance of Aberrant Mitosis in Murine Leukemia Cells upon Combined Treatment with Low Concentrations of Cisplatin and Teniposide
Authors: Gorneva Galina A. , Spassovska Nadejda C. , Grancharov Konstantin C. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The combination of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP, cisplatin) and topoisomerase II inhibitor teniposide (VM-26) has been shown to exert a synergistic effect in the clinical treatment of cancer. In this study, the combined effect of DDP and VM-26 on the growth and induction of apoptosis in synchronized murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells, treated at the beginning or in the middle of S-phase of cell cycle, was examined. MEL cells, clone F4 N, were synchronized by a double thymidine block leading to accumulation of 70% of cells at the G1/S boundary. The growth-inhibitory effect of DDP and VM-26 applied alone were stronger in the middle of the S-phase than at the beginning. Morphological analysis showed that the majority of the cells revealed typical signs of apoptosis: nuclei fragmentation and appearance of apoptotic bodies. The combination of both agents at low concentrations had a synergistic effect on cytotoxicity. At higher concentrations the effect was additive. The remainder of the cells were characterized by unbalanced growth, aberrant mitosis and appearance of multinucleated cells. These processes led to delayed cell death. The appearance of aberrant mitosis was more expressed after treatment in the middle of the S-phase. It is likely that as a result of the combined action of cisplatin and VM-26, cells become supersensitive to the ability of topoisomerase II inhibitor to influence mitosis, and this increased sensitivity may contribute to the observed synergism.
Withering Syndrome of the Small Abalone, Haliotis diversicolor supertexta, Is Caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Associated with Thermal Induction
Authors: Huang C.-Y. , Liu P.-C. , Lee K.-K. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The susceptibility of the small abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta to Vibrio parahae­molyticus 880915 strain and its extracellular products (ECP) at different temperatures was investigated. The strain was previously isolated from the haemolymph of the moribund small abalone with withering syndrome during an outbreak of mass mortality among the cultured animals in September 1999 in I-Lan, Taiwan. The bacterium and its ECP were lethal to the small abalone. Onset of the withering syndrome in the moribund or dead animals could be observed at 4 -7 d post-bacterial challenge. The same bacterial strain could be isolated from the haemolymph of the moribund animals with or without the syndrome post-bacterial challenge. This syndrome could not be observed in the moribund or dead animals post-ECP challenge. The animals were more susceptible to the bacterium and ECP challenge at higher temperature (28 °C) indicating that the outbreak of the disease in warmer season is associated with thermal induction.
Gene sll0033 from Synechocystis 6803 Encodes a Carotene Isomerase Involved in the Biosynthesis of all-E Lycopene
Authors: Breitenbach Jürgen , Vioque Agustin , Sandmann Gerhard 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The function of gene sll0033 from Synechocystis 6803 which is homologous to the bacterial crtI-type phytoene desaturase genes was elucidated as a novel carotene isomerase. Escherichia coli transformed with all genes necessary for the formation of ζ-carotene and expressing a ζ-carotene desaturase synthesized the positional isomer prolycopene (7,9,7′,9′Z lycopene) which cannot be cyclized in the subsequent reactions to a- and β-carotene. Upon cotransformation with sll0033, the formation of all-E lycopene is mediated instead.
Quinolizidine Alkaloid Profiles of Two Taxa of Teline maderensis
Authors: Martins Alice , Wink Michael , Tei Andreas , Rauter Amélia P. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The alkaloid composition of the aerial parts of two taxa of Teline maderensis was studied by capillary GLC and GLC-MS. N-Methylcytisine was the major alkaloid found in both plants. Contents of cytisine and lupanine were higher in T. maderensis var. paivae while anagyrine content was more pronounced in T. maderensis var. maderensis. The alkaloids dehydrocytisine, N-acetylcytisine and epibaptifoline appeared only in T. maderensis var. maderensis and N-formylcytisine was identified as a minor constituent in T. maderensis var. paivae, and detected only in trace amounts in the other variety of the plant.
Root Constituents of Cichorium pumilum and Rearrangements of Some Lactucin-like Guaianolides
Authors: Kisiel Wanda , Michalska Klaudia 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Two eudesmanolides, eight lactucin-like guaianolides and five phenolic compounds were isolated for the first time from roots of Cichorium pumilum, along with two previously reported eudesmane-type sesquiterpene lactones. Rearrangements of some lactucin-like guaianolides during isolation procedures were also discussed.
Germacrane Derivatives from Santolina pinnata subsp. neapolitana
Authors: Kisiel Wanda , Dawid-Pać Renata , Grabarczyk Halina , Nowak Gerard 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
From the aerial parts of Santolina pinnata subsp. neapolitana, one new and four known germacrane derivatives were isolated. The new compound was characterized as 1α,10β- epoxy-7αH-germacr-4(15)-ene-2β,5α,6β-triol by spectral methods.
Analysis of the Volatile Components of Five Turkish Rhododendron Species by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and GC-MS (HS-SPME-GC-MS)
Authors: Tasdemir Deniz , Demirci Betül , Demirci Fatih , Dönmez Ali A. , Baser K. Hüsnü Can , Rüedia Peter 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Volatile constituents of various solvent extracts (n-hexane, CH2Cl2, H2O) of 15 different organs (leaves, flowers, fruits) of five Rhododendron species (Ericaceae) growing in Turkey were trapped with headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technique and analyzed by GC-MS. A total of 200 compounds were detected and identified from organic extracts, while the water extracts contained only traces of few volatiles. The CH2Cl2 extract of the R. luteum flowers was found to exhibit the most diverse composition: 34 compounds were identified, with benzyl alcohol (16.6%), limonene (14.6%) and p-cymene (8.4%) being the major compounds. The CH2Cl2-solubles of R. x sochadzeae leaves contained only phenyl ethyl alcohol. This study indicated appreciable intra-specific variations in volatile compositions within the genus. Different anatomical parts also showed altered volatile profiles. This is the first application of HS-SPME-GC-MS on the volatiles of Rhododendron species.
Acetylation and Silylation of Piperidine Solubilized Sporopollenin from Pollen of Typha angustifolia L.
Authors: Ahlers Friedhelm , Lambert Jörg , Wiermann Rolf 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Silyl and acetyl derivatives of sporopollenin from the pollen of Typha angustifolia L. were prepared. The derivatized products were readily soluble in piperidine-d11 and could be investigated employing one- and two-dimensional proton and carbon NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy (1H,1H-COSY and 13C,1H-HETCOR techniques). For the first time, a two dimensional 13C,1H-HETCOR NMR spectrum of a sporopollenin could be obtained. The results underline the importance of derivatization techniques for obtaining two dimensional 13C-NMR spectra of sporopollenins. Moreover, piperidine turns out to be a more suitable solvent for sporopollenins than 2-aminoethanol, as it allows for higher solubilities, being important for 2D-NMR investigations. From the HETCOR and COSY spectra of the silylated and the acetylated Typha samples the occurrence of aliphatic polyhydroxy compounds as well as phenolic OH groups became evident.
Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Phlomis linearis Boiss. & Bal., and Biological Effects on the CAM-Assay: A Safety Evaluation
Authors: Demirci Betül , Dadandı Mehmet Y. , Paper Dietrich H. , Franz Gerhard , Başer Kemal Hüsnü Can 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Phlomis linearis Boiss. & Bal. of the Lamiaceae family growing in central, east and southeast Anatolia is an endemic species for Turkey. The essential oil obtained from the aerial parts by hydro distillation was subsequently analyzed by GC/MS. The main components of the oil were found as β-caryophyllene (24.2%), germacrene D (22.3%) and caryophyllene oxide (9.2%), among 49 identified compounds, representing 94.5% of the total essential oil. The overall biological activity of the essential oil (100 μg/pellet) was tested on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the fertilized hen’s egg in order to examine the anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity. None of the tests showed pronounced activity, toxicity or irritation at the tested concentration.
In vitro Anti-inflammatory Effect of Carthamus lanatus L.
Authors: Jalil Saima , Mikhova Bozhanka , Taskova Rilka , Mitova Maya , Duddeck Helmut , Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal , Atta-ur-Rahman  
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The anti-inflammatory activity of four total extracts, their fractions and two main constituents (α-bisabolol β-ᴅ-fucopyranoside and luteolin 7-O-glucoside) of Carthamus lanatus L. aerial parts, were assessed in vitro by determining the inhibitory effects on induced human neutrophils. The dichloromethane extract and its water-alcoholic part exhibited the most significant inhibitory effects.
Investigations of Genetic Variation Between Olive (Olea europaea L.) Cultivars Using Arbitrarily Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR)
Authors: Kockar Feray , Ilıkcı Rahsan 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Characterization and selection of olive clones for the production of olive oil is essential in Turkey because of its profitable exploitation. AP-PCR (Arbitrarily-Primed PCR) is a technique that can distinguish the genetic relationship among plant species and other organisms. In this study, AP-PCR approach was used in order to determine the genetic relationship of different six olive clones. The purity of DNA is one of the most important factors affecting the product of the AP-PCR method. In this respect, modified genomic DNA isolation procedure from Oleae europaea clones was developed so that this procedure can be used to obtain plant genomic DNA from diverse aromatic plants, which produce essential oils and secondary metabolites. By following the optimized AP-PCR amplification protocol, unique DNA fingerprint profiles for each olive clone were produced. AP-PCR-generated unique DNA fingerprint profiles can be used in the identification, distribution and diversity of various olive cultivars.
The Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of the Lichen Cetraria aculeata and Its Protolichesterinic Acid Constituent
Authors: Türk Ayşen Özdemir , Yılmaz Meral , Kıvanç Merih , Türk Hayrettin 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In this study, the antimicrobial activity of the acetone, diethyl ether and ethanol extracts of the lichen Cetraria aculeata has been investigated. The extracts were tested against twelve bacteria and eight fungi and found active against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Proteus vulgaris, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes. No antimicrobial activity against the fungi was detected. It was determined that only one substance in the extracts has antimicrobial activity and it was characterized as protolichesterinic acid. The MICs of the extracts and protolichesterinic acid were also determined.
Lactoferrin-Protector against Oxidative Stress and Regulator of Glycolysis in Human Erythrocytes
Authors: Maneva Ana , Taleva Borislava , Maneva Lilia 
Published: February 2015

Binding of lactoferrin (Lf) to its membrane receptors requires an electron for the reduction of Fe3+LF to Fe2+LF. It is possible that glyceraldehyde D3-phosphate dehydrogenase, a glycolytic enzyme part of the erythrocyte membrane, delivers that electron. Then Lf, obtaining an electron from the coenzyme NADH, might stimulate glycolysis, which requires the oxidised state of the coenzyme NAD+. Such possibility is supported by the finding that another extracellular e- acceptor - potassium ferricyanide activates glycolysis by the similar mechanism. Present results show that ferricyanide inhibited the specific 59Fe-lactoferrin binding to its erythrocyte membrane receptors. It may be assumed that ferricyanide competes with lactoferrin for an electron which leads to decrease of the binding of 59Fe-lactoferrin to its receptors. Lactoferrin (50 and 100 nm), similar to ferricyanide, increased the accumulation of lactate (respectively by 25% and 30%). These results support the assumption that ferricyanide and lactoferrin are final acceptors of a common electron transport chain connected with the regulation of glycolysis.
We established an antioxidative effect of lactoferrin on erythrocytes, which was expressed as: a) an influence on content and on activity of intracellular antioxidants - namely an enhancement of the content of reduced glutathione; b) a decreased content both of products of lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and hemolysis under normal conditions and oxidative stress.
Lactoferrin is capable to bind metal ions and thus to block their catalytic participation in the oxidative disturbances of the membrane. In most of our experiments there were no metal ions in the incubation mixtures (except those stimulating oxidative stress). Our results showed that Lf limited both the generation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and hemolysis in the absence of metal ions in the media, as well as in their presence. These facts suggest that probably the antioxidative property of lactoferrin is glycolysis stimulation, leading to increased formation of ATP, which is necessary to maintain the ion gradient, membrane potential and morphology of the erythrocyte.
Structural Characteristics of a Bioactive Polysaccharide from Sorghum arundinaceum
Authors: Silva Bernadete P. da , Silva Graziela M. , Parente José P. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A polysaccharide, an α-ᴅ -glucan with an apparent molecular weight of 6.85×104, called PSa glucan, was isolated from fresh seeds of Sorghum arundinaceum by fractionation on Sephacryl S-300 HR and Sephadex G-25. Chemical and spectroscopic studies indicated that it has a highly branched glucan type structure composed of α-(154) linked d-glucopyranose residues with (1→3), (1→6) branching points, and a significant amount of α-(1→6) branching to α-(1→3) linked ᴅ -glucopyranose residues. The anti-inflammatory activity of the polysaccharide was performed using the capillary permeability assay.
Influence of the Dilution Rate on the Bioproductivity of Lactose-Utilizing Yeasts: Fuzzy Logic Modeling
Authors: Vassileva Svetla , Tzvetkova Bonka 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The studied problem is of commercial interest because whey, the cultivation substrate, is a waste by-product from the transformation of milk into cheese and casein. Investigations on the influence of the dilution rate (D) on the bioproductivity of lactose-utilizing yeasts were carried out with two model strains D the oxidative strain Candida blankii 35 and the fermentative strain Candida pseudotropicalis 11. The increase of D led to the different changes in productivity. The best synthesizing ability of both continuously cultivated strains is established at D = 0.4 [h-1] despite the different type of metabolism. The oxidative strain C. blankii 35 is more effective in comparison with the fermentative strain C. pseudotropicalis 11 because of its ability to synthesize 1.5 fold higher biomass and protein yields. These experimental facts were proved also by simulative research with a Fuzzy Knowledge-Based System (FKBS) developed for modeling the influence of D on several process variables.
Minisequencing on Functionalised Self-Assembled Monolayer as a Simple Approach for Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis of Cattle
Authors: Du Weidong , Cieplik Michael , Durstewitz Gregor , Sarkar Chandra Mohan , Kruschina Margit , Fries Rudi , Ortigao Flavio Ramalho 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
We have developed a genetic barcode module, based on a parallel sorting facility of single nucleotide polymorphism for secure individual identification of cattle. Biotinylated allelespecific oligonucleotides were immobilized onto the predefined spots of streptavidin tethered self-assembled monolayers with long chain alkanethiols on biochips. The target DNAs for hybridization and subsequent on-chip minisequencing were produced by multiplex PCR method. After enzymatic extension, only the moiety-modified dideoxynucleotide triphosphate, when coupled to its complementary target sequence, could be detected by the corresponding antibody to the moiety in a specific and sensitive manner. The database SNPZoo was developed for storage of the sequence information consisting of cytosine/thymidine patterns. This SNP chip system can further be used in the detection of any replaceable point mutations occurring in the human and animal genes.
Anasterocerebroside A, a New Glucosylceramide from the Patagonian Starfish Anasterias minuta
Authors: Chludil Hugo D. , Seldes Alicia M. , Maier Marta S. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Eight glucosylceramides (1-8) were isolated from the water-insoluble lipid fraction of a methylene chloride/methanol/water extract of the Patagonian starfish Anasterias minuta. One of the constituents was identified as a new glucosylceramide, anasterocerebroside A (1), while the known glucosylceramide 7 was isolated and characterized for the first time as a pure compound. The structures of 1 and 7 were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods.
Triterpenoid Saponins from Atriplex semibaccata
Authors: Shaker Kamel H. , Dockendorff Katja , Seifert Karlheinz 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Four new triterpenoid saponins, 3-O-{[β-ᴅ-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-ᴅ-galactopyranosyl}- 11α-methoxy-23-hydroxylongispinogenin, 3-O-{[β-ᴅ-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-ᴅ-galactopyranosyl}- 11α-methoxy-23,29-dihydroxylongispinogenin, 3-O-{[β-ᴅ-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-ᴅ-galactopyranosyl}- 29-hydroxysaikogenin F and 3-O-{[β-ᴅ-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-ᴅ-galactopyranosyl}- saikogenin F, have been isolated from Atriplex semibaccata. The structures were determined primarily by NMR spectroscopy. The assignment of NMR signals was performed by means of 1H-1H COSY, ROESY, HMQC and HMBC experiments.
Hormonemate, a New Cytotoxic and Apoptosis-Inducing Compound from the Endophytic Fungus Hormonema dematioides. I. Identification of the Producing Strain, and Isolation and Biological Properties of Hormonemate
Authors: Filip Patrick , Weber Roland W. S. , Sterner Olov , Anke Timm 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In a search for new fungal compounds inducing apoptosis of the colon cancer derived cell line COLO-320, hormonemate (1) was purified from fermentations of an endophytic fungus isolated from living needles of a Pinus species. The producing strain was identified as Hormonema dematioides by microscopy and ITS rDNA sequence analysis. The structure of hormonemate was determined by spectroscopic methods. The compound exhibited cytotoxic effects against the human colon tumor cell lines COLO-320, DLD-1 and HT-29 as well as five other human cell lines (HL-60, JURKAT, HEP-G2, MCF-7, HeLa S3). It also induced apoptosis in COLO-320 cells as detected by a caspase-activity assay and morphological changes, and it triggered morphological and physiological differentiation of HL-60 cells into granulocytes, which subsequently died by apoptosis.
Flavonoids and Phenol Carboxylic Acids in the Oriental Medicinal Plant Astragalus membranaceus Acclimated in Poland
Authors: Matkowski Adam , Woźniak Dorota , Lamer-Zarawska Eliza , Oszmiański Jan , Leszczyńska Anna 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge has been was successfully acclimated in Central Europe. We report the content of isoflavones and some other polyphenolic compounds in roots and aerial parts that have been analyzed by means of TLC and HPLC.
The total amount of isoflavones in leaves, was 0.55 mg g-1 dry weight, and of the flavonols - up to 3.54 mg g-1. In the roots isoflavonoid content was extremely variable, but reached 3.04 mg g-1, whereas flavonols content was 0.49 mg g-1.
Rhoiptelenol and Rhoiptelenone, Two Pentacyclic Triterpenes from Sideritis macrostachya
Authors: Fraga Braulio M. , Reina Matías , Luis Javier G. , Rodríguez Matías L. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The pentacyclic triterpenes rhoiptelenol and rhoiptelenone have been isolated from Sideritis macrostachya. Rhoiptelenone is a new natural compound, whose structure has been determined as D:B-friedo-urs-5-en-3-one. The 1H and 13C NMR spectra of rhoiptelenol, rhoiptelenol acetate and glutinol have been reassigned. The natural occurrence of the D:B-friedoursene and D:B-friedo-oleanene derivatives has been examined.