bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Swiping to end hunger: the problematic politics of humanitarian donation apps
Authors: Ølgaard Daniel Møller , Richey Lisa Ann 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The emergence of humanitarian donation apps promises to revolutionize aid by making it easier for people to give to humanitarian causes with just a few swipes on the smartphone in the palm of their hands. Yet, little is known about the implications of this for the politics and ethics of contemporary aid. This article explores the politics of humanitarian donation apps through an in-depth study of the World Food Programme's donation app ShareTheMeal. By analysing data from a detailed app walkthrough and documentation in a user journal of the experiences of a sample of app users, the article shows how ShareTheMeal is designed to afford specific forms of everyday humanitarianism, and how users adopt, appropriate or resist these affordances. Doing so we find that, while ShareTheMeal affords a convenient and gratifying donation experience, it also reinvigorates racial and paternalistic divisions between donors as benevolent saviours and recipients as voiceless victims, and integrates users into an extractivist data economy. Hence, rather than revolutionizing aid, ShareTheMeal instead sediments unequal relationships of agency and dependency in and through everyday acts of helping. Yet, because of apps' openness to user resistance and change, another politics of humanitarianism is nevertheless possible.
The Silverjaw Minnow, Ericymba buccata: An Extraordinary Lateral Line System and its Contribution to Prey Detection
Authors: Jones Aubree E , Maia Anabela , Conway Kevin W , Webb Jacqueline F 
Published: July 2024

Synopsis
Fishes use their mechanosensory lateral line (LL) system to detect local water flows in different behavioral contexts, including the detection of prey. The LL system is comprised of neuromast receptor organs on the skin (superficial neuromasts) and within bony canals (canal neuromasts). Most fishes have one cranial LL canal phenotype, but the silverjaw minnow (Ericymba buccata) has two: narrow canals dorsal and caudal to the eye and widened canals ventral to the eye and along the mandible. The ventrally directed widened LL canals have been hypothesized to be an adaptation for detection of their benthic prey. Multiple morphological methods were used to describe the narrow and widened canals and canal neuromasts in detail. The primary distribution of hundreds of superficial neuromasts and taste buds ventral to the eye and on the mandible (described here for the first time) suggests additional sensory investment for detecting flow and chemical stimuli emanating from benthic prey. The hypothesis that the LL system mediates prey localization was tested by measuring five parameters in behavioral trials in which the combination of sensory modalities available to fish was manipulated (four experimental treatments). Fish detected and localized prey regardless of available sensory modalities and they were able to detect prey in the dark in the absence of LL input (LL ablation with neomycin sulfate) revealing that chemoreception was sufficient to mediate benthic prey detection, localization, and consumption. However, elimination of LL input resulted in a change in the angle of approach to live (mobile) prey even when visual input was available, suggesting that mechanosensory input contributes to the successful detection and localization of prey. The results of this study demonstrate that the extraordinary LL canal system of the silverjaw minnow, in addition to the large number of superficial neuromasts, and the presence of numerous extraoral taste buds, likely represent adaptations for multimodal integration of sensory inputs contributing to foraging behavior in this species. The morphological and behavioral results of this study both suggest that this species would be an excellent model for future comparative structural and functional studies of sensory systems in fishes.
The Countercyclical Benefits of Regulatory Costs
Authors: Mechanick Alexander , Weber Jacob 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Legal academics, journalists, and senior executive branch officials alike have assumed that the cost of imposing new regulatory requirements is higher in severe recessions that drive the central bank’s policy rate to zero than in other times. This is not correct; the aggregate output costs of regulatory requirements decrease, not increase, in such recessions. This article is the first to analyze how this effect arises in conventional macroeconomic models and its empirical support in the econometrics literature. Scholars and policymakers have likely missed the countercyclical benefits of regulatory costs because of informal, ad hoc macroeconomic assumptions embedded in regulatory analysis (JEL classification: E02, E6, K23).
Bedside manufacturing as the next step in personalized medicine: medical progress and legal challenges
Authors: El Saadany Tämer , Seitz Claudia , Bräm Corina , Szucs Thomas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Bedside manufacturing is having a revival in healthcare, with a promise to revolutionize personalized medicine through on-site drug production. While this concept holds considerable promise, it also encounters a complex web of legal uncertainties. The current regulatory framework in Switzerland and the EU, which includes the Swiss Therapeutic Products Act and the EU directives, regulations, and guidelines, fails to adequately address its distinct challenges. Rising new technologies underscore the urgent need for regulatory reform. These technologies highlight the pressing demand for comprehensive legal frameworks that can reconcile the rapid pace of innovation with the imperatives of patient safety and product efficacy. Legal concerns extend beyond mere compliance; they encapsulate quality assurance, and liability in cases of human error. This study outlines the call for a recalibrated legal landscape that prioritizes patient-centered care while fostering the growth of bedside manufacturing. It is crucial for the legal system to evolve in tandem with these medical advancements, ensuring a secure, efficacious, and equitable integration of bedside manufacturing into healthcare.
Technologies for investigating single-molecule chemical reactions
Authors: Gao Chunyan , Gao Qinghua , Zhao Cong , Huo Yani , Zhang Zhizhuo , Yang Jinlong , Jia Chuancheng , Guo Xuefeng 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Single molecules, the smallest independently stable units in the material world, serve as the fundamental building blocks of matter. Among different branches of single-molecule sciences, single-molecule chemical reactions, by revealing the behavior and properties of individual molecules at the molecular scale, are particularly attractive because they can advance the understanding of chemical reaction mechanisms and help to address key scientific problems in broad fields such as physics, chemistry, biology and materials science. This review provides a timely, comprehensive overview of single-molecule chemical reactions based on various technical platforms such as scanning probe microscopy, single-molecule junction, single-molecule nanostructure, single-molecule fluorescence detection and crossed molecular beam. We present multidimensional analyses of single-molecule chemical reactions, offering new perspectives for research in different areas, such as photocatalysis/electrocatalysis, organic reactions, surface reactions and biological reactions. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in this thriving field of single-molecule chemical reactions.
Transgender, Gender-Diverse, and Nonbinary Experiences in Physical Therapy: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Aird Madelaine , Walters Julie L , Ker Alex , Ross Megan H 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
The objective was to explore experiences with and identify barriers and facilitators of utilizing physical therapy for people who identify as transgender, gender diverse, and nonbinary (TGNB).

Methods
A qualitative descriptive design was employed using semistructured interviews conducted in New Zealand. Eligible participants were individuals who were 12 years old or older, who self-identified as TGNB, and who had accessed physical therapy at a community-based clinic that also provides a gender-affirming service. Participants were recruited via email invitation to the clinic database. Interview data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Demographics are reported descriptively.

Results
Seventeen individuals (15–64 years old and identifying as 11 different genders) participated. All participants reported physical therapy experiences relating to 1 or more of the following 4 themes: challenging cisnormativity at policy, environmental, clinic, and therapist levels; safety and trust throughout the clinical experience, including clinic credibility for being a safe provider, clinic displays of TGNB inclusivity, implementation of safe clinic processes, and respectful therapist interactions; inclusive experiences in a clinic that provided affordable care and took active steps to understand and affirm TGNB identities and with physical therapists who had a high level of knowledge of TGNB-specific health issues and took a biopsychosocial approach to care; and sensitivity to body discomfort or dysphoria triggers. Barriers to and facilitators of care were identified at policy, environmental, clinic, and therapist levels.

Conclusion
People who identify as TGNB face challenges to accessing safe and culturally sensitive physical therapy. However, there are achievable areas for improvement at policy, environmental, clinic, and physical therapist levels to gain trust and engagement in care for the TGNB community.

Impact
This study provides a detailed exploration of TGNB physical therapy experiences and identifies specific areas of improvement for TGNB physical therapy care to provide clinicians and physical therapy clinics insights into the provision of safe and culturally sensitive physical therapy.
Education and Religion in Shaping Support for Same-Sex Relations: Considering Differences Over Time and Across Geographical Areas
Authors: Adamczyk Amy , French Ashley 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Across the world, attitudes about same-sex relationships have become rapidly more supportive. While education is typically viewed as a liberalizing force, religious beliefs are often seen as restricting more tolerant perspectives and contributing to more conservative attitudes in general. Focusing on the United States, this study examines the roles of religion and education, as individual and group properties, for understanding disapproval of same-sex relationships. Drawing on restricted information that makes it possible to identify where General Social Survey respondents lived, we find that graduating from college is associated with more support, but has less of an effect on Evangelicals and more religiously engaged people. Moreover, we find that residents in areas with higher overall levels of education became liberal faster, irrespective of whether or not they had a college degree. Our findings speak to the power of education and religion, as micro and macro forces, for understanding public opinion about same-sex relations over time.
Impact of Combined Phototherapy and Melanocyte Transplantation on Indicators of Vitiligo Activity
Authors: Wang Junlong , Luo Hongyu , Zhao Xiaoling , Wang Chengcheng , Yang Linfang 
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of phototherapy combined with melanocyte transplantation on the activity index of vitiligo.

METHODS
One hundred twenty patients with stable vitiligo were selected and divided into 2 groups: phototherapy group (n = 60) and phototherapy combined with melanocyte therapy group (n = 60). Patients’ vitiligo activity scores before and 6 months after treatment, patients’ skin pigmentation responses 6 months after treatment, and patients’ new Koebner cases 6 months after treatment were compared. The expression of tyrosinase and Melan-A in the skin samples was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS
The effect of skin surface repigmentation in the observation group was better than that in the control group (p < .05). The expression of tyrosinase and Melan-A in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (p < .05), indicating that the combined treatment could enhance the function of melanocytes. After 6 months of treatment, the incidence of the Koebner phenomenon in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (p < .05).

CONCLUSION
The combination of phototherapy and melanocyte transplantation can obviously improve the activity index of vitiligo, slow down the spread of white spots, reduce the formation of new white spots, and reduce the occurrence of the Koebner phenomenon.
Mesh-like External Suture Splint: A Way to Improve Results and Reduce Postoperative Complications after High-definition Liposculpture
Authors: Hoyos Alfredo E. , Perez Pachon Mauricio E. , Benavides Jorge E. , Borras-Osorio Mariana 
Published: July 2024

Summary:
High-definition liposculpture with variable degrees of muscular definition allows both patients and surgeons to broaden the procedure to fit almost any individual preferences; however, skin laxity and those secondary cases still represent a big challenge for the surgeon to achieve optimal outcomes. We are reporting our experience with a new suture-splint procedure to reduce edema, avoid skin laxity, and increase muscular definition after liposculpture. We enrolled patients undergoing HDL with any risk factor that could compromise aesthetic outcomes. Tumescent technique with VASER fat emulsification and power-assisted liposuction were used to complete HDL. We performed a continuous suture over the midline and other areas of muscular definition right before patients awakened from anesthesia. Real-time ultrasound imaging was performed to ensure the safety of the procedure. A total of 52 consecutive patients were treated with MesHD in our study. Only two patients voluntarily dropped off from postoperative analysis due to geographical limitations. Postoperative edema was referred by only one patient after surgery. No major complications were reported. Three patients complained of stabbing pain over one of the stitches, which resolved completely after suture removal. All patients were satisfied with postoperative results. Mesh suture-splint at body areas with high risk of adverse effects after body contouring surgery may be an effective procedure to improve recovery by decreasing edema formation, enhancingmuscular definition, decreasing risk of fibrosis, and avoiding skin laxity postoperative appearance.
Dermoscopy Education for Plastic Surgery Residents: How a Brief Theoretical Course and Practical Training Have an Impact
Authors: Brambullo Tito , Carpenito Roberta , Ricci Federico , Vindigni Vincenzo , Bassetto Franco 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Currently, the evaluation of pigmented skin lesions relies on dermoscopy, which has become the standard of care. As melanoma is one of the principal areas of expertise in plastic surgery, it is essential that diagnostic skills be acquired during the course of specialization. This study aimed to assess the impact and effectiveness of a brief and intensive dermoscopy training program for plastic surgery residents.

Methods:
This study was carried out on a group of 41 doctors, who were divided into three categories based on their experience in dermoscopy (none, intermediate, and advanced). A preliminary assessment of each participant’s baseline knowledge was conducted by using a 15-query test. Subsequently, the participants attended a 90-minute lecture on diagnostic techniques and the process of differentiating between various skin lesions. To determine the effectiveness of the lecture in improving diagnostic skills, the participants were tested immediately after the lecture and again after a 3-month period.

Results:
At the conclusion of the final examination, all three groups achieved an accuracy rate of at least 80% for dermatoscopic diagnosis. However, none of the groups was completely successful. The variations in diagnostic accuracy among the three groups are presented, and P values were calculated for each group.

Conclusion:
The short, intensive course of dermoscopy has proven to have a significant positive impact on plastic surgeons in their postdegree training program.
The Molecular Mechanisms of Defensive-Grade Organic Acid Biosynthesis In Ground Beetles
Authors: Rork Adam M. , Xu Sihang , Attygalle Athula , Renner Tanya 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTInsects are known to synthesize and secrete hundreds of unique defensive chemicals, including caustic acids, pungent phenolics, and citrusy terpenes. Despite efforts to characterize the defensive chemistry of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), our knowledge of semiochemical evolution within the family and how these compounds are biosynthesized remains limited. Few studies have demonstrated the likely biosynthetic precursors of select compounds in certain taxa, and only one has demonstrated which genes may be involved in the biosynthesis of formic acid. Here, we characterize the defensive chemistry and generate defensive gland transcriptomes for ground beetle species representing two defensive chemical classes: the formic acid producerPlatynus angustatusand the methacrylic acid producerPterostichus moestus. Through comparative transcriptome analyses, we demonstrate that co-option of distinct primary metabolic pathways may be involved in formic acid and methacrylic acid biosynthesis in the defensive glands of these taxa. These results expand our knowledge of ground beetle defensive chemistry and provide additional evidence that co-option of existing primary metabolic pathways plays a major role in the evolution of ground beetle chemical defense.
Wide-field bond-selective fluorescence imaging: from single-molecule to cellular imaging beyond video-rate
Authors: Lee Dongkwan , Wang Haomin , Kocheril Philip A. , Bi Xiaotian , Naji Noor , Wei Lu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWide-field (WF) imaging is pivotal for observing dynamic biological events. While WF chemical microscopy offers high molecular specificity, it lacks the sensitivity for single-molecule detection. In contrast, WF fluorescence microscopy provides live-cell dynamic mapping but fails to leverage the rich chemical information necessary for functional interpretations. To address these limitations, we introduce Wide-Field Bond-selective Fluorescence-detected Infrared-Excited (WF-BonFIRE) spectro-microscopy. This technique combines rationally optimized imaging speed and field-of-view (FOV) to achieve single-molecule sensitivity with bond-selective contrast. WF-BonFIRE outperforms its point-scanning counterpart, enhancing frame acquisition up to 10,000 times. We demonstrate WF-BonFIRE’s capabilities in imaging cells, astrocytes, and live neurons, capturing single FOVs up to 50 µm × 50 µm, with further expansion via multi-FOV mosaicking. Additionally, we have implemented a temporal-delay modulation scheme that allows real-time kilohertz imaging speeds up to 1500 Hz. This enables millisecond temporal resolution while monitoring random motion of live Escherichia coli. Overall, WF-BonFIRE significantly broadens the possibilities for chemical imaging, enabling high-speed observations at unparalleled sensitivity levels.One-Sentence SummaryWide-field bond-selective fluorescence imaging pushes chemical-sensitive microscopy platform into a new regime, achieving single-molecule sensitivity and speeds up to kilohertz.
TLFT: Transfer Learning and Fourier Transform for ECG Classification
Authors: Wang Erick , Lee Sarah 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTElectrocardiogram (ECG) provides a non-invasive method for identifying cardiac issues, particularly arrhythmias or irregular heartbeats. In recent years, the fields of artificial intelligence and machine learning have made significant inroads into various healthcare applications, including the development of arrhythmia classifiers using deep learning techniques. However, a persistent challenge in this domain is the limited availability of large, well-annotated ECG datasets, which are crucial for building and evaluating robust machine learning models. To address this limitation, we propose a novel deep transfer learning framework designed to perform effectively on small training datasets. Our approach involves fine-tuning ResNet-18, a general-purpose image classifier, using the MIT-BIH arrhythmia dataset. This method aims to leverage the power of transfer learning to overcome the constraints of limited data availability. Furthermore, this paper conducts a critical examination of existing deep learning models in the field of ECG analysis. Our investigation reveals that many of these models suffer from methodological flaws, particularly in terms of data leakage. This issue potentially leads to overly optimistic performance estimates and raises concerns about the reliability and generalizability of these models in real-world clinical applications. By addressing these challenges, our work contributes to the advancement of more robust and reliable ECG analysis techniques, potentially improving the accuracy and applicability of automated arrhythmia detection in clinical settings.
Understanding banking experiences of autistic adults: an inquiry into inclusive banking
Authors: Cai Ru Ying , Love Abigail , Haas Kaaren , Gallagher Emma , Gibbs Vicki 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
Navigating the banking world may be overwhelming and intimidating for autistic people due to the generally poor accessibility of banks. Banks around the world are starting to improve the accessibility of their services and products to meet the needs of autistic customers better. However, no empirical research has explored autistic adults’ banking experiences and needs. This study aims to determine what banks can do to make banking more inclusive and accessible for autistic people through understanding the banking experiences of autistic adults living in Australia and identifying the factors that shape these experiences.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 57 autistic adults aged 18–67 years (Mage = 33.00, SDage = 11.03) and 29 caregivers of autistic adults aged 32–70 years (Mage = 52.24, SDage = 7.88) completed an online survey about the banking experiences of the autistic adults. In addition, 14 of the 57 autistic adults were interviewed.

Findings
Almost all autistic participants had a bank account, and online banking was the preferred way of banking for most autistic adults. The factor most often raised by participants that influenced the banking experiences of autistic adults was supportive and helpful bank staff. Other identified factors included autistic adults’ lack of financial and banking knowledge and banks’ poor understanding of autism. The majority of autistic adults felt that banks could become more autism-friendly and provided suggestions.

Practical implications
Given that most autistic adults are likely to access financial products and services, banks must become more autism-friendly to cater to the diverse needs of autistic customers. Recommendations for how financial institutions can become more inclusive were provided.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first detailed examination of the banking experiences of autistic adults. Practical implications of the research were also provided.