bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concepts for the Development of a Customizable Checklist for Use by Patients
Authors: Fernando Rohesh J. , Shapiro Fred E. , Rosenberg Noah M. , Bader Angela M. , Urman Richard D. 
Published: June 2015

Objectives
Checklists are tools that are developed to complete tasks by drawing on specific and relevant knowledge and supporting communication at critical times. If checklists were designed specifically for patient use, they could promote patient engagement, potentially leading to improved quality of care. Physicians of all specialties, nurses, patients, patient advocates, and administrators can take an active role in checklist development and dissemination.

Methods
Our method to investigate concepts in developing a customizable patient checklist included a literature search concerning existing checklists and resources currently available to patients. Literature containing expert opinion regarding checklists, professional organization statements, and patients and providers were consulted.

Results
A template for designing a patient checklist was developed incorporating methods from previous literature and resources regarding checklists. This template includes a development, drafting, and validation phase. Sample content for inclusion in potential checklists for patients with diabetes and patients undergoing anesthesia was devised.

Conclusions
Developed by physicians with input from patients and other involved health-care providers such as nurses, this relatively novel concept of a patient’s checklist creates a role for the patient to ensure their own safety. With increasing attention to high-quality and cost-effective health care, patient satisfaction surveys will be assessed to rate overall health care. Further development of checklists will need to be guided by specific medical conditions and acceptance by patients and providers. Providers can use these checklists as a method to gauge a patient’s understanding of an intervention, solidify the patient-doctor relationship, and improve patient safety.
Numerical study of two dimensional unsteady flow of an anomalous Maxwell fluid
Authors: Wahab Abdul , Rasheed Amer , Nawaz Rab , Javaid Nazma 
Published: June 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to undertake an unsteady flow problem of an anomalous Maxwell fluid. The flow takes place between two side walls over a plate perpendicular to them and is driven by a sudden pressure force with constant gradient.

Design/methodology/approach
– A finite element method is invoked and is blended with a finite difference method for left Caputo fractional time derivatives in order to study the anomalous dynamics of the fluid.

Findings
– A numerical scheme for the constitutive equations of the prescribed flow in order to approximate the velocity field is designed. The graphical results to draw different physical conclusions on the flow problem are also presented.

Originality/value
– A rigorous mathematical exposition of the numerical scheme is provided and the results are valid for large values of the parameters.
Does the Relationship of the Proxy to the Target Person Affect the Concordance between Survey Reports and Medicare Claims Measures of Health Services Use?
Authors: Wehby George L. , Jones Michael P. , Ullrich Fred , Lou Yiyue , Wolinsky Fredric D. 
Published: June 2015

ObjectivesTo compare concordance of survey reports of health service use versus claims data between self respondents and spousal and nonspousal relative proxies.Data Sources1995–2010 data from the Survey on Assets and Health Dynamics among the Oldest Old and 1993–2010 Medicare claims for 3,229 individuals (13,488 person‐years).Study DesignRegression models with individual fixed effects were estimated for discordance of any hospitalizations and outpatient surgery and for the numbers of under‐ and over‐reported physician visits.Principal FindingsSpousal proxies were similar to self respondents on discordance. Nonspousal proxies, particularly daughters/daughters‐in‐law and sons/sons‐in‐law, had less discordance, mainly due to reduced under‐reporting.ConclusionsSurvey reports of health services use from nonspousal relatives are more consistent with Medicare claims than spousal proxies and self respondents.
Screening for At‐Risk Drinking in a Population Reporting Symptoms of Depression: A Validation of the AUDIT, AUDIT‐C, and AUDIT‐3
Authors: Levola Jonna , Aalto Mauri 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundExcessive alcohol use is common in patients presenting with symptoms of depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate how the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and its most commonly used abbreviated versions perform in detecting at‐risk drinking among subjects reporting symptoms of depression.MethodsA subsample (n = 390; 166 men, 224 women) of a general population survey, the National FINRISK 2007 Study, was used. Symptoms of depression were measured with the Beck Depression Inventory–Short Form and alcohol consumption with the Timeline Follow‐back (TLFB). At‐risk drinking was defined as ≥280 g weekly or ≥60 g on at least 1 occasion in the previous 28 days for men, 140 and 40 g, respectively, for women. The AUDIT, AUDIT‐C, and AUDIT‐3 were tested against the defined gold standard, that is, alcohol use calculated from the TLFB. An optimal cutoff was designated as having a sensitivity and specificity of over 0.75, with emphasis on specificity. The AUDIT and its abbreviations were compared with carbohydrate‐deficient transferrin (CDT) and gamma‐glutamyltransferase.ResultsAt‐risk drinking was common. The AUDIT and AUDIT‐C performed quite consistently. Optimal cutoffs for men were ≥9 for the AUDIT and ≥6 for AUDIT‐C. The optimal cut‐offs for women with mild symptoms of depression were ≥5 for the AUDIT and ≥4 for AUDIT‐C. Optimal cutoffs could not be determined for women with moderate symptoms of depression (specificity <0.75). A nearly optimal cutoff for women was ≥5 for the AUDIT. The AUDIT‐3 failed to perform in women, but in men, a good level of sensitivity and specificity was reached at a cutoff of ≥2. With standard threshold values, the biochemical markers demonstrated very low sensitivity (9 to 28%), but excellent specificity (83 to 98%).ConclusionsScreening for at‐risk drinking among patients presenting with symptoms of depression using the full AUDIT is recommended, although the AUDIT‐C performed almost equally well. Cut‐offs should be adjusted according to gender, but not according to the severity of depressive symptoms. The AUDIT and its abbreviations were superior to biochemical markers.
Hope and subjective well‐being among parents of children with special needs
Authors: Shenaar‐Golan Vered 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe current study examined subjective well‐being (SWB) in parents who raise children with special needs. Previous studies that focused on parenting children with special needs stressed increased risk of depression. This study examined parental level of hope, the significance of being involved in a partner relationship and parental perception of the seriousness of their child's disability, each a factor that may influence parental SWB. A random sample of 92 parents raising children with special needs in Israel participated in the study. They completed three questionnaires, examining parent's perception of the severity of their child's disability, parental SWB and parents' level of hope. Results revealed that a high level of hope, being in a partnered relationship, and perception of the child's disability as having some positive influence on central aspects of the parents' life, are all significant contributors to raising parental SWB. Study findings show that ‘agency’, a component of the concept of ‘hope’, is a significant factor in predicting SWB in parents of a child with special needs. Perhaps awareness of how they can improve their SWB by using certain aspects of their lifestyle to their advantage can help improve quality of life for parents of children with special needs.
The Continuity of Metaphor: Evidence From Temporal Gestures
Authors: Walker Esther , Cooperrider Kensy 
Published: June 2015

AbstractReasoning about bedrock abstract concepts such as time, number, and valence relies on spatial metaphor and often on multiple spatial metaphors for a single concept. Previous research has documented, for instance, both future‐in‐front and future‐to‐right metaphors for time in English speakers. It is often assumed that these metaphors, which appear to have distinct experiential bases, remain distinct in online temporal reasoning. In two studies we demonstrate that, contra this assumption, people systematically combine these metaphors. Evidence for this combination was found in both directly elicited (Study 1) and spontaneous co‐speech (Study 2) gestures about time. These results provide first support for the hypothesis that the metaphorical representation of time, and perhaps other abstract domains as well, involves the continuous co‐activation of multiple metaphors rather than the selection of only one.
Assessment of Myocardial Function in Children before and after Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: ElMarsafawy Hala , Matter Mohamed , Sarhan Mohamed , El‐Ashry Rasha , Al‐Tonbary Youssef 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundIncreased interest is focused on the long‐term adverse effects of bone marrow transplantation. Subclinical cardiac involvement appears common in adults, but only a few reports have examined pediatric patients.Materials and MethodsA prospective case–control study of 19 children with normal cardiac function undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and echocardiographic measurements were obtained according to the guidelines of the American Society of Echocardiography before and 3 months after HSCT.ResultsLateral mitral annulus before HSCT showed significant reduced mitral systolic annular velocity (P < 0.0001), early diastolic annular velocity (P < 0.0001), late diastolic annular velocity (P = 0.02) and prolonged isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT) (P < 0.0001) compared with control. Significant reduced mitral systolic annular velocity (P < 0.0001), early diastolic annular velocity (P = 0.0005) and Em/Am ratio (P = 0.004), with higher late diastolic annular velocity (P = 0.02) and prolonged isovolumetric contraction time (ICT) (P = 0.003) and IRT (P = 0.002) after HSCT, were observed. Investigation of lateral tricuspid annulus showed nearly similar results as the lateral mitral annulus. LV and RV Tei indices were higher before HSCT compared with control and remained high after HSCT.ConclusionTDI detected subtle abnormalities in systolic and diastolic functions before and after HSCT, which suggests that a conditioning regimen may affect cardiac function.
Fatigue life estimation of tubular joints – a comparative study
Authors: Maheswaran J. , Siriwardane S. C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn fatigue analysis, the structural detail of tubular joint has taken great attention among engineers. The DNV/GL‐RP‐0005 is covering this topic quite well for simple and clear joint cases. For complex joint and geometry, where joint classification is not available and there is limitation on validity range of non‐dimensional geometric parameters, the challenges become a fact among engineers. The classification of joint is an important factor to consider in fatigue analysis. These joint configurations are identified by the connectivity and the load distribution of tubular joints. To overcome these problems to some extent, this paper compares the fatigue life of tubular joints in offshore jacket according to the stress concentration factors (SCF) in DNV/GL‐RP‐0005 and finite element method employed in Abaqus/CAE. The paper presents the geometric details, material properties and load history of the considered jacket structure. It then describes the global structural analysis and identification of critical tubular joints for fatigue life estimation. Hence, fatigue life is determined based on the guidelines provided in design codes. Fatigue analysis of tubular joints is conducted using the finite element employed in Abaqus/CAE as the next major step. Finally, predicted SCFs and fatigue lives are compared, and these observations tend to conclude that even though the fatigue life, which is calculated based on code given SCFs, provides more realistic prediction to the simple uniplanar joints, there is a doubt for complex joints and geometry, where joint classification is not available. Also, the study emphasized that it is very important to preciously investigate SCFs by considering accurate geometry of complex tubular joints for a good judgement of fatigue life.
Ecosystem metabolism and nutrient dynamics in the main channel and backwaters of the Upper Mississippi River
Authors: Houser Jeffrey N. , Bartsch Lynn A. , Richardson William B. , Rogala James T. , Sullivan John F. 
Published: June 2015

Summary

Photosynthesis and respiration are primary drivers of dissolved oxygen dynamics in rivers. We measured dissolved oxygen dynamics, aquatic ecosystem metabolism, algal abundance and nutrient concentrations at main channel and backwater sites on a reach of the Upper Mississippi River that borders the states of Wisconsin and Minnesota (U.S.A.). We asked (i) how ecosystem metabolism rates, dissolved oxygen dynamics and nutrient concentrations differed in the main channel and in backwaters, (ii) whether ecosystem metabolism relates to solar irradiance, nutrient concentration, algal abundance, temperature and river discharge and (iii) whether the relationships between ecosystem metabolism and these environmental factors differs between the main channel and backwaters.

The rates of aquatic ecosystem metabolism in the main channel were among the highest reported for large rivers. Mean daily gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R) and net ecosystem production (NEP) in the main channel in the 2006 growing season were 10, 6 and 4 g O2 m2 d−1, respectively.

Solar irradiance, discharge and temperature, rather than nutrients, accounted for most temporal variability in gross primary production (GPP). Discharge was negatively associated with GPP in the main channel and temperature positively associated with GPP in backwaters.

Primary production consistently exceeded respiration in the main channel in summer, resulting in persistent oxygen supersaturation from late June to early August. Maximum chlorophyll concentrations (˜140 μg L−1) were observed in the main channel, rather than the backwaters.

Nitrogen and phosphorus exhibited contrasting temporal patterns in backwaters probably reflecting differences in their sources and sinks; N declined during the growing season while P increased.
Genetic footprints reveal geographic patterns of expansion in Fennoscandian red foxes
Authors: Norén Karin , Statham Mark J. , Ågren Erik O. , Isomursu Marja , Flagstad Øystein , Eide Nina E. , Berg Thomas Bjørneboe G. , Bech‐Sanderhoff Lene , Sacks Benjamin N. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPopulation expansions of boreal species are among the most substantial ecological consequences of climate change, potentially transforming both structure and processes of northern ecosystems. Despite their importance, little is known about expansion dynamics of boreal species. Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are forecasted to become a keystone species in northern Europe, a process stemming from population expansions that began in the 19th century. To identify the relative roles of geographic and demographic factors and the sources of northern European red fox population expansion, we genotyped 21 microsatellite loci in modern and historical (1835–1941) Fennoscandian red foxes. Using Bayesian clustering and Bayesian inference of migration rates, we identified high connectivity and asymmetric migration rates across the region, consistent with source‐sink dynamics, whereby more recently colonized sampling regions received immigrants from multiple sources. There were no clear clines in allele frequency or genetic diversity as would be expected from a unidirectional range expansion from south to north. Instead, migration inferences, demographic models and comparison to historical red fox genotypes suggested that the population expansion of the red fox is a consequence of dispersal from multiple sources, as well as in situ demographic growth. Together, these findings provide a rare glimpse into the anatomy of a boreal range expansion and enable informed predictions about future changes in boreal communities.
Application of geospatial technologies for understanding and predicting vector populations and vector‐borne disease incidence
Authors: DeGroote John P. , Larson Scott R. , Zhang Yanli , Sugumaran Ramanathan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractVector‐borne diseases inflict a heavy health burden. Numerous vector species have expanded their ranges while some vector‐borne diseases have emerged in new geographic areas or reemerged in former endemic areas, potentially due to global climate change. The continued health burden and the expansion in vector and vector‐borne disease ranges have led to an increased need for understanding and predicting in space and time the potential abundance and distribution of vectors and the transmission of vector‐borne diseases. Advances in computing technologies, increased spatial data availability, and greater understanding of ecological drivers have made it commonplace to attempt to understand and estimate, in time and space, vector populations and vector‐borne disease incidence. Although there have been great advances there are still limitations due to complex and varying ecologies and epidemiological contexts of vector‐borne diseases as well as data limitations. In this paper, we will provide an overview of and examine advances and limitations in the use of geospatial technologies for understanding and prediction of the drivers of vector populations and vector‐borne diseases.
Do family meals affect childhood overweight or obesity?: nationwide survey 2008–2012
Authors: Lee H. J. , Lee S. Y. , Park E. C. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryBackgroundThe prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing worldwide and this trend is no exception for South Korea. A multidisciplinary approach is needed for the prevention and management of childhood obesity. To do so, among many other strategies, managing the family unit can be a very effective strategy.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between frequency of family meals and overweight/obesity in elementary students and to suggest the management and prevention strategies of childhood obesity.MethodsData from a total of 2904 elementary students were analyzed from the 2008–2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between overweight/obesity and family meals.ResultsOf the total 2904 elementary students, 573 (19.4%) were overweight or obese. The odds ratio of overweight or obese students who had family dinner only was 1.21 (95% CI: 0.89–1.64), that of those who had family breakfast only was 3.20 (95% CI: 1.70–6.02), and that of those who had neither family breakfast nor family dinner was 4.17 (95% CI: 1.98–8.78) compared with those who had both family breakfast and family dinner.ConclusionsThe frequency of family meals was strongly an inverse association with childhood overweight or obesity. Therefore, we suggest that the intervention of childhood obesity should include family meals.
Impact of obesity on outcomes of paediatric acute pancreatitis based on a national administrative database
Authors: Murata A. , Ohtani M. , Muramatsu K. , Kobori S. , Tomioka S. , Matsuda S. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryBackgroundInsufficient information is available on the relationship between obesity and outcome of paediatric patients with acute pancreatitis.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effect of obesity on outcomes of paediatric patients with acute pancreatitis based on a national administrative database.MethodsA total of 500 cases in 416 paediatric patients with acute pancreatitis (aged 5–17 years) were referred from 260 hospitals between 2010 and 2012 in Japan. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of obesity: with obesity (n = 65) and without obesity (n = 435). Patient data were collected from the administrative database to compare the prevalence of severe acute pancreatitis, in‐hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS) and medical costs between the groups.ResultsBoth prevalence of severe acute pancreatitis and in‐hospital mortality were significantly higher in paediatric patients with obesity than those without (36.9% vs. 16.3% and 3.1% vs. 0.0%; P < 0.001, respectively). Longer LOS and higher medical costs were also observed in paediatric patients with obesity (25.7 vs. 15.2 days, P < 0.001 and 14 169.5 vs. 7457.7 US dollars, P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that obesity significantly influenced the outcomes of paediatric acute pancreatitis.
Georeferencing deaths from stroke in São Paulo: an intra-city stroke belt?
Authors: Kaup Alexandre O. , Santos Bento F. C. Dos , Victor Elivane S. , Cypriano Adriana S. , Lottenberg Claudio Luiz , Neto Miguel Cendoroglo , Silva Gisele S. 
Published: June 2015

Background The role of socioeconomic status in the worldwide stroke burden has been studied with various methods using vital statistics and research-generated data. Aim The objective of our study was to describe the stroke mortality rates and the stroke mortality distribution, and to evaluate the association between stroke mortality rates and geographical distribution with the human development index in São Paulo, Brazil. Methods This ecological study evaluated a historical series of stroke mortality in São Paulo, Brazil, from 2004 to 2010. Standard stroke mortality rate per 100 000 inhabitants at each year, the address of residence assumed as the place of living, and the human development index applied as a social indicator were used in order to evaluate if stroke mortality correlated with socioeconomic status. Results The mean standardized stroke mortality in São Paulo decreased from 66 to 46-7 per 100 000 inhabitants from 2004 to 2010. Stroke mortality differed according to human development index strata with an almost three times higher stroke mortality in the lowest when compared with the highest human development index stratum. Visual inspection of the map of the districts with high stroke mortality disclosed regional clusters with high mortality in the east, northwest, and south regions, a finding suggestive of the presence of a stroke belt inside the city of São Paulo. Conclusions In conclusion, between 2004 and 2010, stroke mortality rates decreased by 28-5% in São Paulo. A geographical pattern in stroke mortality could be observed, with considerable differences according the human development index level of the place of living.