bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of oral diseases and disorders on oral‐health‐related quality of life of children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Abanto Jenny , Ortega Adriana Oliveira , Raggio Daniela Prócida , Bönecker Marcelo , Mendes Fausto Medeiros , Ciamponi Ana Lídia 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of oral diseases and disorders on the oral‐health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children with CP, adjusting this impact by socioeconomic factors. Data were collected from 60 pairs of parents–children with CP. Parents answered the child oral health quality of life questionnaire (parental‐caregivers perception questionnaire and family impact scale) and a socioeconomic questionnaire. Dental caries experience, traumatic dental injuries, malocclusions, bruxism, and dental fluorosis were also evaluated. The multivariate adjusted model showed that dental caries experience (p < 0.001) and the presence of bruxism had a negative impact (p = 0.046) on the OHRQoL. A greater family income had a positive impact on it (p < 0.001). Dental caries experience and bruxism are conditions strongly associated with a negative impact on OHRQoL of children with CP and their parents, but a higher family income can improve this negative impact.
Parent and Peer Restrictions of Opportunities Attenuate the Link between Low Self‐control and Antisocial Behavior
Authors: Kuhn Emily S. , Laird Robert D. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractFocusing on parents and peers as restrictors of opportunities, this study tested whether restricted opportunities attenuate the link between low self‐control and antisocial behavior as hypothesized by theGeneralTheory ofCrime. Early adolescents (N=180,Mage=12.04 years, 49.4 percent female, 49 percentEuropeanAmerican, 45 percentAfricanAmerican) reported their levels of self‐control, antisocial peer involvement, unsupervised time, parental solicitation, family rules, and involvement in antisocial behavior. Low levels of antisocial peer involvement and high levels of parental supervision, solicitation, and family rules were conceptualized as restricted opportunities for antisocial behavior. Opportunity restrictions attenuated the association between low self‐control and antisocial behavior such that low self‐control was less strongly associated with antisocial behavior when youth experienced less antisocial peer involvement, less unsupervised time, more parental solicitation, and more family rules than when youth experienced more antisocial peer involvement, more unsupervised time, less parental solicitation, and fewer family rules. Results clarify and extend our understanding of the role of restricted opportunities for low self‐control youth in theGeneralTheory ofCrime.
A Quinazoline-2,4-Diamino Analog Suppresses Vibrio cholerae Flagellar Motility by Interacting with Motor Protein PomB and Induces Envelope Stress
Authors: Wang Hongxia , Zhang Li , Silva Anisia J. , Benitez Jorge A. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTVibrio choleraestrains of serogroups O1 and O139, the causative agents of the diarrheal illness cholera, express a single polar flagellum powered by sodium motive force and require motility to colonize and spread along the small intestine. In a previous study, we described a high-throughput assay for screening for small molecules that selectively inhibit bacterial motility and identified a family of quinazoline-2,4-diamino analogs (Q24DAs) that (i) paralyzed the sodium-driven polar flagellum ofVibriosand (ii) diminished cholera toxin secreted by El Tor biotypeV. cholerae. In this study, we provide evidence that a Q24DA paralyzes the polar flagellum by interacting with the motor protein PomB. Inhibition of motility with the Q24DA enhanced the transcription of the cholera toxin genes in both biotypes. We also show that the Q24DA interacts with outer membrane protein OmpU and other porins to induce envelope stress and expression of the extracellular RNA polymerase sigma factor σE. We suggest that Q24DA-induced envelope stress could affect the correct folding, assembly, and secretion of pentameric cholera toxin in El Tor biotypeV. choleraeindependently of its effect on motility.
Characterization of a New
bla
OXA-48
-Carrying Plasmid in Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Berger Sibel , Alauzet Corentine , Aissa Nejla , Hénard Sandrine , Rabaud Christian , Bonnet Richard , Lozniewski Alain 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

In this work, we characterized a new, 160-kb,
bla
OXA-48
-harboring IncL/M-type plasmid isolated from a
Klebsiella pneumoniae
strain from France. Moreover, we report the transfer of a 60-kb OXA-48-encoding plasmid from
Klebsiella pneumoniae
to other
Enterobacteriaceae
in two patients.
Escherichia coli Resistance to Nonbiocidal Antibiofilm Polysaccharides Is Rare and Mediated by Multiple Mutations Leading to Surface Physicochemical Modifications
Authors: Travier Laetitia , Rendueles Olaya , Ferrières Lionel , Herry Jean-Marie , Ghigo Jean-Marc 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Antivirulence strategies targeting bacterial behavior, such as adhesion and biofilm formation, are expected to exert low selective pressure and have been proposed as alternatives to biocidal antibiotic treatments to avoid the rapid occurrence of bacterial resistance. Here, we tested this hypothesis using group 2 capsule polysaccharide (G2cps), a polysaccharidic molecule previously shown to impair bacterium-surface interactions, and we investigated the nature of bacterial resistance to a nonbiocidal antibiofilm strategy. We screened an
Escherichia coli
mutant library for an increased ability to form biofilm in the presence of G2cps, and we identified several mutants displaying partial but not total resistance to this antibiofilm polysaccharide. Our genetic analysis showed that partial resistance to G2cps results from multiple unrelated mutations leading to modifications in surface physicochemical properties that counteract the changes in ionic charge and Lewis base properties induced by G2cps. Moreover, some of the identified mutants harboring improved biofilm formation in the presence of G2cps were also partially resistant to other antibiofilm molecules. This study therefore shows that alterations of bacterial surface properties mediate only partial resistance to G2cps. It also experimentally validates the potential value of nonbiocidal antibiofilm strategies, since full resistance to antibiofilm compounds is rare and potentially unlikely to arise in clinical settings.
Gallbladder Epithelium as a Niche for Chronic Salmonella Carriage
Authors: Gonzalez-Escobedo Geoffrey , Gunn John S. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTAlthough typhoid fever has been intensively studied, chronic typhoid carriage still represents a problem for the transmission and persistence of the disease in areas of endemicity. This chronic state is highly associated with the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder of infected carriers upon whichSalmonellacan form robust biofilms. However, we hypothesize that in addition to gallstones, the gallbladder epithelium aids in the establishment/maintenance of chronic carriage. In this work, we present evidence of the role of the gallbladder epithelium in chronic carriage by a mechanism involving invasion, intracellular persistence, and biofilm formation.Salmonellawas able to adhere to and invade polarized gallbladder epithelial cells apically in the absence and presence of bile in aSalmonellapathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1)-dependent manner. Intracellular replication ofSalmonellawas also evident at 12 and 24 h postinvasion. A flowthrough system revealed thatSalmonellais able to adhere to and form extensive bacterial foci on gallbladder epithelial cells as early as 12 h postinoculation.In vivoexperiments using a chronic mouse model of typhoid carriage showed invasion and damage of the gallbladder epithelium and lamina propria up to 2 months afterSalmonellainfection, with an abundant presence of macrophages, a relative absence of neutrophils, and extrusion of infected epithelial cells. Additionally, microcolonies ofSalmonellacells were evident on the surface of the mouse gallbladder epithelia up to 21 days postinfection. These data reveal a second potential mechanism, intracellular persistence and/or bacterial aggregation in/on the gallbladder epithelium with luminal cell extrusion, forSalmonellamaintenance in the gallbladder.
Inhibition of Water Absorption and Selective Damage to Human Colonic Mucosa Are Induced by Subtilase Cytotoxin Produced by Escherichia coli O113:H21
Authors: Gerhardt Elizabeth , Masso Mariana , Paton Adrienne W. , Paton James C. , Zotta Elsa , Ibarra Cristina 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli
O157:H7 (STEC) is by far the most prevalent serotype associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) although many non-O157 STEC strains have been also isolated from patients with HUS. The main virulence factor of STEC is the Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2) present in O157 and non-O157 strains. Recently, another toxin, named subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB), has been isolated from several non-O157 strains and may contribute to the pathogenesis of HUS. Here, we have demonstrated that an O113:H21 STEC strain expressing SubAB and Stx2 inhibits normal water absorption across human colon and causes damage to the surface epithelium, necrosis, mononuclear inflammatory infiltration, edema, and marked mucin depletion. This damage was less marked, but nevertheless significant, when purified SubAB or
E. coli
O113:H21 expressing only SubAB was assayed. This is the first study showing that SubAB may directly participate in the mechanisms of diarrhea in children infected with non-O157 STEC strains.
The RNA Chaperone Hfq Promotes Fitness of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae during Porcine Pleuropneumonia
Authors: Subashchandrabose Sargurunathan , Leveque Rhiannon M. , Kirkwood Roy N. , Kiupel Matti , Mulks Martha H. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
is the etiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, an economically important disease of pigs. The
hfq
gene in
A. pleuropneumoniae
, encoding the RNA chaperone and posttranscriptional regulator Hfq, is upregulated during infection of porcine lungs. To investigate the role of this
in vivo
-induced gene in
A. pleuropneumoniae
, an
hfq
mutant strain was constructed. The
hfq
mutant was defective in biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces. The level of
pgaC
transcript, encoding the biosynthesis of poly-β-1,6-
N
-acetylglucosamine (PNAG), a major biofilm matrix component, was lower and PNAG content was 10-fold lower in the
hfq
mutant than in the wild-type strain. When outer membrane proteins were examined, cysteine synthase, implicated in resistance to oxidative stress and tellurite, was not found at detectable levels in the absence of Hfq. The
hfq
mutant displayed enhanced sensitivity to superoxide generated by methyl viologen and tellurite. These phenotypes were readily reversed by complementation with the
hfq
gene expressed from its native promoter. The role of Hfq in the fitness of
A. pleuropneumoniae
was assessed in a natural host infection model. The
hfq
mutant failed to colonize porcine lungs and was outcompeted by the wild-type strain (median competitive index of 2 × 10
−5
). Our data demonstrate that the
in vivo
-induced gene
hfq
is involved in the regulation of PNAG-dependent biofilm formation, resistance to superoxide stress, and the fitness and virulence of
A. pleuropneumoniae
in pigs and begin to elucidate the role of an
in vivo
-induced gene in the pathogenesis of pleuropneumonia.
PLZF Confers Effector Functions to Donor T Cells That Preserve Graft-versus-Tumor Effects while Attenuating GVHD
Authors: Ghosh Arnab , Holland Amanda M. , Dogan Yildirim , Yim Nury L. , Rao Uttam K. , Young Lauren F. , West Mallory L. , Singer Natalie V. , Lee Hae , Na Il-Kang , Tsai Jennifer J. , Jenq Robert R. , Penack Olaf , Hanash Alan M. , Lezcano Cecilia , Murphy George F. , Liu Chen , Sadelain Michel , Sauer Martin G. , Sant'Angelo Derek , van den Brink Marcel R.M. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Efforts to limit GVHD mediated by alloreactive donor T cells after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation are limited by a concomitant decrease in graft-versus-tumor (GVT) activity and increased possibilities of tumor relapse. Using a novel approach, we adoptively transferred conventional T cells expressing the transcription factor promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF), which confers effector properties resembling invariant natural killer T cells, such as copious production of cytokines under suboptimal stimulation. PLZF expression in T-cell allografts attenuates expansion of alloreactive T cells, leading to lower GVHD. Intact alloreactivity-driven antitumor cytokine responses result in preserved GVT effects, leading to improved survival. Our findings suggest that therapy with PLZF-overexpressing T cells would result in overall improved outcomes due to less GVHD and intact GVT effects. Cancer Res; 73(15); 4687–96. ©2013 AACR.
Loss of p120-Catenin Induces Metastatic Progression of Breast Cancer by Inducing Anoikis Resistance and Augmenting Growth Factor Receptor Signaling
Authors: Schackmann Ron C.J. , Klarenbeek Sjoerd , Vlug Eva J. , Stelloo Suzan , van Amersfoort Miranda , Tenhagen Milou , Braumuller Tanya M. , Vermeulen Jeroen F. , van der Groep Petra , Peeters Ton , van der Wall Elsken , van Diest Paul J. , Jonkers Jos , Derksen Patrick W.B. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer remains the chief cause of cancer-related death among women in the Western world. Although loss of cell–cell adhesion is key to breast cancer progression, little is known about the underlying mechanisms that drive tumor invasion and metastasis. Here, we show that somatic loss of p120-catenin (p120) in a conditional mouse model of noninvasive mammary carcinoma results in formation of stromal-dense tumors that resemble human metaplastic breast cancer and metastasize to lungs and lymph nodes. Loss of p120 in anchorage-dependent breast cancer cell lines strongly promoted anoikis resistance through hypersensitization of growth factor receptor (GFR) signaling. Interestingly, p120 deletion also induced secretion of inflammatory cytokines, a feature that likely underlies the formation of the prometastatic microenvironment in p120-negative mammary carcinomas. Our results establish a preclinical platform to develop tailored intervention regimens that target GFR signals to treat p120-negative metastatic breast cancers. Cancer Res; 73(15); 4937–49. ©2013 AACR.
Dysfunction of annexin A2 contributes to hyperglycaemia-induced loss of human endothelial cell surface fibrinolytic activity
Authors: Yu Zhanyang , Fan Xiang , Liu Ning , Yan Min , Chen Zhong , Lo Eng H. , Hajjar Katherine A. , Dai Haibin , Wang Xiaoying 
Published: June 2013

SummaryHyperglycaemia impairs fibrinolytic activity on the surface of endothelial cells, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that hyperglycaemia causes dysfunction of the endothelial membrane protein annexin A2, thereby leading to an overall reduction of fibrinolytic activity. Hyperglycaemia for 7 days significantly reduced cell surface fibrinolytic activity in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC). Hyperglycaemia also decreased tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen, and annexin A2 mRNA and protein expression, while increasing plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). No changes in p11 mRNA or protein expression were detected. Hyperglycaemia significantly increased AGE-modified forms of total cellular and membrane annexin A2. The hyperglycemia-associated reduction in fibrinolytic activity was fully restored upon incubation with recombinant annexin A2 (rA2), but not AGE-modified annexin A2 or exogenous t-PA. Hyperglycaemia decreased t-PA, upregulated PAI-1 and induced AGE-related disruption of annexin A2 function, all of which contributed to the overall reduction in endothelial cell surface fibrinolytic activity. Further investigations to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological implications of A2 derivatisation might ultimately lead to a better understanding of mechanisms of impaired vascular fibrinolysis, and to development of new interventional strategies for the thrombotic vascular complications in diabetes.
Understanding psychopathology in migrants: A mixed categorical-dimensional approach
Authors: Braca Mauro , Berardi Domenico , Mencacci Elisa , Murri Martino Belvederi , Mimmi Stefano , Allegri Fabio , Mazzi Fausto , Menchetti Marco , Tarricone Ilaria 
Published: June 2013

Background: Literature on mental disorders in migrants is constantly increasing. Only a few studies describe psychopathological dimensions in migrants over their nosographic diagnoses; however, there is a growing literature about the greater utility of a categorical-dimensional approach, rather than a solely categorical approach, in the understanding of mental disorders. The aim of this paper is to describe the phenomenology of mental disorders in migrants referred to the Transcultural Psychiatric Team of Bologna (BoTPT), by analysing the psychopathological dimensions that underlie their clinical diagnoses. Methods: We recruited all migrants who attended the BoTPT between May 1999 and July 2009. The psychopathological assessment was conducted with the Association for Methodology and Documentation in Psychiatry (AMDP) and clinical diagnoses were formulated according to ICD-10. We proceeded through a two-step analysis: (1) comparing the prevalence rates of psychopathological symptoms across diagnoses; then (2) conducting a factor analysis to assess how those symptoms configure psychopathological dimensions and how these dimensions underlie clinical diagnoses. Results: As expected, we found significant associations between diagnoses and the prevalence of their core psychopathological symptoms. Factor analysis revealed a strong polymorphism of the psychopathological presentation of mental disorders and unexpectedly showed that in each diagnostic cluster, the first extracted factor was not composed of core symptoms. Conclusions: A mixed categorical-dimensional approach seems to improve the description of the psychopathology among migrants, as it adds relevant information regarding psychopathological dimensions useful to the understanding of the peculiar clinical expressivity of our patients.
In vivo serial sampling of epididymal sperm in mice
Authors: Val Gonzalo Moreno Del , Robledano Patricia Muñoz 
Published: June 2013

This study was undertaken to refine the techniques of in vivo collection of sperm in the mouse. The principal objective was to offer a viable, safe and reliable method for serial collection of in vivo epididimary sperm through the direct puncture of the epididymis. Six C57Bl/6J males were subjected to the whole experiment. First we obtain a sperm sample of the right epididymis, and perform a vasectomy on the left side. This sample was used in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) experiment while the males were individually housed for 10 days to let them recover from the surgery, and then their fertility was tested with natural matings until we obtained a litter of each one. After that, the animals were subjected another time to the same process (sampling, recover and natural mating). The results of these experiments were a fertilization average value of 56.7%, and that all the males had a litter in the first month after the natural matings. This study documented the feasibility of the epididimary puncture technique to in vivo serial sampling of sperm in the mouse.
Upper Airway Anatomical Changes after Velopharyngeal Surgery in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients with Small Tonsils
Authors: Zhang Junbo , Ye Jingying , Xian Junfang , Wang Jiangyong , Dong Jiajia 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationships between anatomical changes and treatment outcomes after velopharyngeal surgery in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients with small tonsils (grade 0‐2 on the Brodsky scale).Study DesignCase series with planned data collection.SettingUniversity medical center.Subjects and MethodsThirty‐six OSA patients with small tonsils underwent velopharyngeal surgery including revised uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with uvula preservation and transpalatal advancement pharyngoplasty. Pre‐ and postoperative upper airway 3‐dimensional computed tomography and polysomnography findings were obtained for comparison and analysis.ResultsThe overall apnea hypopnea index (AHI) decreased from 56.8 (interquartile range, 37.5‐70.1) preoperatively to 16.1 (10.8‐33.5) postoperatively (P <. 001). The change in minimal cross‐sectional area of the velopharynx (VmCSA) was independently associated with the change in AHI (P =. 001, R2 = 0.271). Preoperative VmCSA was the only preoperative anatomical variable that was an independent predictor of change in VmCSA (P =. 009, R2 = 0.184). Postoperative VmCSA was independently associated with postoperative AHI (P <. 001, R2 = 0.341).ConclusionIn patients with small tonsils, an adequate increase in VmCSA is associated with a successful outcome after surgery. Patients with a relatively small preoperative VmCSA are more likely to have favorable anatomical changes after surgery.
Psychological Responses Matter in Returning to Preinjury Level of Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Ardern Clare L. , Taylor Nicholas F. , Feller Julian A. , Whitehead Timothy S. , Webster Kate E. 
Published: June 2013

Background: Up to two-thirds of athletes may not return to their preinjury level of sport by 12 months after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery, despite being physically recovered. This has led to questions about what other factors may influence return to sport. Purpose: To determine whether psychological factors predicted return to preinjury level of sport by 12 months after ACL reconstruction surgery. Study Design: Case control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Recreational and competitive-level athletes seen at a private orthopaedic clinic with an ACL injury were consecutively recruited. The primary outcome was return to the preinjury level of sports participation. The psychological factors evaluated were psychological readiness to return to sport, fear of reinjury, mood, emotions, sport locus of control, and recovery expectations. Participants were followed up preoperatively and at 4 and 12 months postoperatively. Results: In total, 187 athletes participated. At 12 months, 56 athletes (31%) had returned to their preinjury level of sports participation. Significant independent contributions to returning to the preinjury level by 12 months after surgery were made by psychological readiness to return to sport, fear of reinjury, sport locus of control, and the athlete’s estimate of the number of months it would take to return to sport, as measured preoperatively (χ22 = 18.3, P < .001, classification accuracy = 70%) and at 4 months postoperatively (χ24 = 38.7, P < .001, classification accuracy = 86%). Conclusion: Psychological responses before surgery and in early recovery were associated with returning to preinjury level of sport at 12 months, suggesting that attention to psychological recovery in addition to physical recovery after ACL injury and reconstruction surgery may be warranted. Clinical screening for maladaptive psychological responses in athletes before and soon after surgery may help clinicians identify athletes at risk of not returning to their preinjury level of sport by 12 months.