bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive genomic profiling of infiltrative follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wu Quanyou , Hu Chunfang , Feng Lin , Yang Xin , Cui Ying , Zhao Huan , Xiao Ting , Guo Huiqin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundInfiltrative follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (IFVPTC) exhibits nuclear characteristics typical of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) but demonstrates a follicular growth pattern. The diagnosis of IFVPTC presenting with atypical nuclear features of PTC poses challenges for both preoperative cytopathology and postoperative histopathology. In such cases, molecular markers are needed to serve as diagnostic aids. Given the limited knowledge of IFVPTC's genomic features, this study aimed to characterize its genetic alterations and identify clinically relevant molecular markers.MethodsWhole‐exome sequencing of 50 IFVPTC tumor–normal pairs identified single‐nucleotide variants, somatic copy number alterations (sCNAs), and subclonal architecture. Key mutations were verified via polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing, whereas valuable biomarkers were validated via immunohistochemistry (IHC).ResultsThis study found that endogenous processes rather than exogenous mutagens dominated the shaping of the genome of IFVPTC during tumorigenesis. BRAF V600E was the only common trunk mutation and significantly mutated gene in IFVPTC. Subcloning analysis found that most IFVPTC samples harbored two or more coexisting clones. sCNA analysis revealed that human leukocyte antigen C (HLA‐C) and HLA‐A were significantly amplified. Subsequent IHC investigations indicated that HLA‐C shows promise in averting the misclassification of challenging‐to‐interpret IFVPTC and invasive encapsulated follicular variant of PTC (I‐EFVPTC) as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features (NIFTP). Although there were several similarities between classic PTC and IFVPTC, they differed significantly in their sCNA patterns.ConclusionsThis study provides valuable insights into IFVPTC's genetic alterations and highlights the potential of HLA‐C IHC to distinguish challenging‐to‐interpret IFVPTC and I‐EFVPTC from NIFTP, which will enhance the understanding of its molecular features for improved diagnosis and management.
Bioequivalence and Safety of Generic Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir Compared to a Branded Product: A Randomized, Crossover Study in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Noskov Sergei , Parulya Olesya , Lutskova Lyudmila , Arefeva Anna , Protsenko Ekaterina , Banko Veniamin , Radaeva Kseniia , Matvienko Iuliia , Gefen Maria , Karnakova Polina , Knyazeva Alina , Komarov Timofey , Archakova Olga , Shohin Igor 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis was an open‐label, randomized, single‐dose, 2‐period, crossover clinical trial with an adaptive design to evaluate the bioequivalence and comparative pharmacokinetics of generic glecaprevir/pibrentasvir versus the brand name product in healthy White male and female volunteers under fed conditions. Safety profiles were also assessed. A total of 56 healthy adult volunteers were enrolled and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive a single dose of either the generic or reference formulation. After a 7‐day washout period, subjects received the alternate product. Blood samples were collected at pre‐specified time points up to 48 hours post‐dosing. Plasma concentrations of glecaprevir and pibrentasvir were determined using a validated high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method. The geometric mean ratios of the test to the reference formulation for maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration‐time curve from drug administration to the last measurable concentration (AUC0‐t) fell within the predefined bioequivalence range of 80%‐125%. Both formulations demonstrated comparable pharmacokinetic profiles for glecaprevir and pibrentasvir, and can be considered bioequivalent. No adverse events were reported, and both formulations were well tolerated by all participants.
Psychological Factors Protecting Against Suicidality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Maynard Hannah , Gregory James D. , Davies Andrea , Fox John 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveSuicide rates in older adults are often the highest of any age group, particularly among high income countries. However, there is a limited understanding of the factors that could protect against suicidality in older age. This systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate the psychological factors that protect against suicidality in older age.MethodAn a priori protocol was established and registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022343694). EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus were searched. Papers were quality assessed using the Quality Assessment with Diverse Studies (QuADSs) tool. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Seventeen papers were included and narratively synthesised.ResultsThe initial searches identified 10,673 records, resulting in the screening of 5441 records after the removal of duplicates. The protective factors identified were (1) meaning/purpose in life, (2) reasons for living, (3) coping styles, (4) psychological wellbeing, (5) life satisfaction, (6) personality factors, (7) cognitive functioning, and (8) sense of belonging. The factors with the most empirical support were meaning in life, followed by psychological wellbeing and coping responses, such as primary control strategies, and personality traits, such as positive affect and agency. There was also evidence to suggest that the influence of some protective factors, for example meaning in life, may depend upon stage in older life and gender.ConclusionThis review identified several psychological factors that have been found to protect against suicidal ideation in older adults, representing potential treatment targets for reducing suicide in older adults. Recommendations for future research includes greater use of longitudinal and case–control designs, measuring outcomes across the continuum of suicidality and using samples that allow comparison between younger and older adults and within the spectrum of old age.
Sustainable and Scalable Synthesis of Acetal‐Containing Polyols as a Platform for Circular Polyurethanes
Authors: Schara Patrick , Cristadoro Anna , Sijbesma Rint P. , Tomović Željko 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolyurethanes (PUs) are highly versatile polymers widely utilized across industries. However, chemical recycling of PU poses significant challenges due to the harsh conditions required and the formation of complex mixtures of oligomers upon depolymerization. Addressing this inherent lack of recyclability, we developed closed‐loop recyclable PU materials by integrating cleavable acetal groups. We present a sustainable and scalable synthesis method for acetal‐containing polyols (APs) through aldehyde‐diol polycondensation, utilizing reusable heterogeneous catalysts. Three APs with different hydrolytic stabilities depending on the structure of acetal groups were synthesized from formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and propionaldehyde with 1,6‐hexanediol (H16). These APs were employed alongside 4,4′‐methylene diisocyanate (MDI) for preparation of PU materials. The resulting PUs exhibited mechanical properties comparable to or surpassing those of conventional PUs, while demonstrating excellent recyclability under acidic conditions. Notably, hydrolysis of PU materials based on acetaldehyde‐derived APs yielded remarkable monomer recovery rates, with 89 % for H16 and 84 % for 4,4′‐methylenedianiline, a precursor to MDI. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrated closed‐loop recycling by synthesizing APs from recovered H16, resulting in PU materials with identical properties to the original PU. This achievement highlights the potential for establishing a closed‐loop recycling system for acetal‐containing PUs, contributing to the advancement of a sustainable and circular economy.
Comparison of Claudin‐4, BerEP4, Carcinoembryonic Antigen and MOC31 in Serous Fluids Metastases Demonstrate High Sensitivity of Claudin‐4 at Low Cellularity
Authors: Li Joshua J. X. , Ng Joanna K. M. , Tsang Julia Y. , Tsang Yuen Ting , Mak Ko Fung , Tse Gary M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionClaudin‐4 has been described as a highly sensitive immunocytochemical marker for detection of metastatic carcinoma cells in effusion cytology specimens. This study aims to challenge the performance of claudin‐4 in different types of malignancies and low cellularity specimens, by comparison with other markers in a large cohort of carcinomatous effusion specimens.MethodologyCell block preparations from peritoneal and pleural fluid specimens were retrieved, with malignant (carcinoma) diagnoses confirmed by review of hospital diagnosis code and pathology reports. Claudin‐4, BerEP4, CEA, and MOC31 immunocytochemistry were performed and scored by expression proportion and intensity. Tumor cellularity was assessed for subgroup analysis of low cellularity specimens.ResultsTotally 147 specimens (70 pleural, 77 peritoneal) of 68 lung, 62 breast, 9 gynecological, and 7 gastrointestinal carcinomas were retrieved. The average proportion expression of claudin‐4 was highest (89.6%, vs. CEA 40.5%, BerEp4 18.6%, MOC31 16.8%) and the percentage of strong expression was highest for claudin‐4 (72.1%). Expression levels of claudin‐4 were consistently higher than other markers in subgroups of all primary sites. The difference was more significant for low cellularity specimens. High (≥50%) proportion expression was seen for 96.61% of cases for claudin‐4 (vs. BerEp4 8.77%, CEA 46.55%, MOC31 8.77%, p < 0.001). These factors contributed to a low concordance between claudin‐4 and BerEp4, CEA and MOC31 (K = 0.010–0.043).ConclusionClaudin‐4 is more sensitive than CEA, BerEp4 and MOC31, suitable for low cellularity specimens of most types of metastatic carcinoma and is a robust immunocytochemical marker for carcinoma that can be used solitarily.
Endoscopic detection and diagnosis of gastric cancer using image‐enhanced endoscopy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Dohi Osamu , Seya Mayuko , Iwai Naoto , Ochiai Tomoko , Yumoto Junki , Mukai Hiroki , Yamauchi Katsuma , Kobayashi Reo , Hirose Ryohei , Inoue Ken , Yoshida Naohisa , Konishi Hideyuki , Itoh Yoshito 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the value of image‐enhanced endoscopy including blue laser imaging (BLI), linked color imaging, narrow‐band imaging (NBI), and texture and color enhancement imaging to detect and diagnose gastric cancer (GC) compared to that of white‐light imaging (WLI).MethodsStudies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified through PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Japan Medical Abstracts Society databases searches. The pooled risk ratio for dichotomous variables was calculated using the random‐effects model to assess the GC detection between WLI and image‐enhanced endoscopy. A random‐effects model was used to calculate the overall diagnostic performance of WLI and magnifying image‐enhanced endoscopy for GC.ResultsSixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The detection rate of GC was significantly improved in linked color imaging compared with that in WLI (risk ratio, 2.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39–3.25; p < 0.01) with mild heterogeneity. Magnifying endoscopy with NBI (ME‐NBI) obtained a pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the summary receiver operating curve of 0.84 (95 % CI, 0.80–0.88), 0.96 (95 % CI, 0.94–0.97), and 0.92, respectively. Similarly, ME‐BLI showed a pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of 0.81 (95 % CI, 0.77–0.85), 0.85 (95 % CI, 0.82–0.88), and 0.95, respectively. The diagnostic efficacy of ME‐NBI/BLI for GC was evidently high compared to that of WLI, However, significant heterogeneity among the NBI studies still existed.ConclusionsOur meta‐analysis showed a high detection rate for linked color imaging and a high diagnostic performance of ME‐NBI/BLI for GC compared to that with WLI.
Aerobic Oxidative Synthesis of N‐Containing Heterocycles from o‐Substituted Aniline Derivatives and Primary Amines by Perylene Diimide Catalysis
Authors: Zhou Yongsheng , Zhang Yue , Du Xiaojiao , Li Jian , Dong Chunping 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe commercially available 3,4,9,10‐perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) acted as a heterogeneous catalyst to catalyze aerobic oxidative synthesis of benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles, and quinoxalines from o‐substituted aniline derivatives and primary amines in high yields with oxygen as the terminal oxidant. The gram scale reaction and reusability (up to six cycles) of the PTCDI catalyst were also successful and would greatly benefit industrial applications.
Synthesis and Properties of Tris(3‐Pyrrolyl BODIPY) on 1, 3, 5‐Triazine Scaffold
Authors: Charan Behera Kanhu , Ravikanth Mangalampalli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTris(3‐pyrrolyl BODIPY) on 1,3,5‐triazine scaffold was synthesized over a sequence of steps starting from commercially available cyanuric chloride. The cyanuric chloride was reacted with p‐hydroxy benzaldehyde to afford 1,3,5‐triazine tris(p‐oxybenzaldehyde) which was then reacted with excess pyrrole under acid catalyzed conditions to afford 1,3,5‐triazine‐tris(meso‐p‐oxyphenyl dipyrromethane). Subsequent in situ oxidation of this compound with DDQ to obtain tris(meso‐oxyphenyldipyrromethene) which was then treated with pyrrole followed by the addition of Et3N/BF3 ⋅ OEt2 afforded fluorescent tris(3‐pyrrolyl BODIPY). For comparison, tris(BODIPY) on the triazine scaffold was prepared by oxidizing tris(meso‐oxyphenyldipyrromethane) with DDQ followed by complexation with BF3 ⋅ OEt2. Both compounds were thoroughly characterized and studied by various experimental and theoretical methods. Absorption, steady state fluorescence, time‐resolved fluorescence, and transient‐absorption studies revealed that in tris(3‐pyrrolyl BODIPY), excitonic interactions between two of the three 3‐pyrrolyl BODIPY units resulted in a hypsochromic shift in spectral bands, reducing the quantum yield and singlet state lifetime whereas tris(BODIPY) did not show such excitonic interactions. DFT studies helped in understanding the excitonic interactions in tris(3‐pyrrolyl BODIPY). The tris(3‐pyrrolyl BODIPY) was fluorescent both in solution and solid state. The viscosity studies indicated that the fluorescence of tris(3‐pyrrolyl BODIPY) increases significantly with solvent viscosity, suggesting its potential for measuring cellular viscosity during physiological processes.
Food profiling goes green: Sustainable analysis strategies for food authentication
Authors: Creydt Marina , Fischer Markus 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOmics technologies, such as genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, isotopolomics, and metallomics, are important tools for analytical verification of food authenticity. However, in many cases, their application requires the use of high‐resolution technological platforms as well as careful consideration of sample collection, storage, preparation and, in particular, extraction. In this overview, the individual steps and disciplines are explained against the background of the term “Green Chemistry,” and the various instrumental procedures for the respective omics disciplines are discussed. Furthermore, new approaches and developments are presented on how such analyses can be made sustainable in the future.
Performance optimization of a DLD microfluidic device for separating deformable CTCs
Authors: Mohammadali Roya , Bayareh Morteza , Nadooshan Afshin Ahmadi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDeterministic lateral displacement (DLD) microfluidic devices work based on the streamlines created by an array of micro‐posts. The configuration of pillars alters the isolation efficiency of these devices. The present paper optimizes the performance of a DLD device for isolating deformable circulating tumor cells. The input variables include cell diameter (d), Young's modulus (), Reynolds number (Re), and tan θ, where θ is the tilted angle of micro‐posts. The output, which is the response of the system, is DLD. The numerical simulation results are employed to optimize the device using the response surface method, leading to the proposition of a correlation to estimate DLD as a function of input variables. It is demonstrated that the maximum and minimum impacts on cell lateral displacement correspond to and Re, respectively.
Unveiled mechanism of prolonged stability of Zn anode coated with two‐dimensional nanomaterial protective layers toward high‐performance aqueous Zn ion batteries
Authors: Ahn Yunhee , Baek Jueun , Kim Seulgi , Choi Ingyu , Yoo Jungjoon , Byun Segi , Lee Dongju 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRechargeable aqueous zinc (Zn) ion batteries (AZIBs) are gaining popularity in large‐scale energy storage due to their low cost, high safety, and environmental friendliness; however, dendrite growth and side reactions in Zn metal anodes limit their practical applications. Additionally, the difficulty of developing successful passivation of Zn anodes, combined with large‐area coating of protective layers, remains a major limitation to the commercialization of AZIBs. Here, we introduce two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials including MoS2, h‐BN, and Ti3C2Tx MXene as protective layers for Zn anodes, created on a Zn surface using a scalable, large‐area spray‐coating process. Examinations of electrochemical performance‐related material characterizations revealed that a specific type of 2D material with an optimal thickness prevents vertical growth of Zn dendrites, as well as side reactions including hydrogen evolution and corrosion, resulting in stable device operation with minimal overpotential and extended life, even under harsh measurement conditions. The highly stable MoS2@Zn anode allowed the MoS2@Zn//MnO2 full cell to achieve significantly more stable capacity retention, compared with the bare Zn//MnO2 cell. Our versatile and scalable solution‐based coating technique for easily forming large‐area 2D protective layers on Zn anodes offers new insights concerning improvements to AZIB reliability and performance.image
Fenfluramine treatment in pediatric patients with Dravet syndrome reduces seizure burden and overall healthcare costs: A retrospective and observational real‐world study
Authors: Gjerulfsen Cathrine E. , Nikanorova Marina , Olofsson Kern , Johannessen Landmark Cecilie , Rubboli Guido , Møller Rikke S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesDravet syndrome is a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy characterized by early onset epilepsy with multiple seizure types often intractable to treatment. Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated how treatment with fenfluramine significantly reduces seizure frequency in patients with Dravet syndrome. The study aims to (1) describe the efficacy and tolerability of fenfluramine in a Danish cohort of patients with Dravet syndrome; and (2) evaluate whether treatment with fenfluramine reduces epilepsy‐related hospital contacts administrated by pediatricians or epilepsy‐trained nurses.MethodsA retrospective registry‐based cohort study at the Danish Epilepsy Centre, Filadelfia, Dianalund, Denmark, enrolled 30 pediatric patients with Dravet syndrome treated with fenfluramine between 2017 and 2023.ResultsThirty patients with Dravet syndrome (aged 3–21 years, 12 females) with a verified pathogenic SCN1A variant were included. They were treated with fenfluramine at a mean duration of 29 months with a mean maintenance dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day. The number of patient‐years on treatment was 75 years. At last follow‐up, 6 patients had discontinued treatment due to lack of efficacy or adverse effects. In the remaining 24 patients, generalized tonic–clonic seizures were reduced by ≥30% in 83%, by ≥50% in 67%, and by 100% in 25%. Additionally, 71% of the patients were reduced in concomitant anti‐seizure medication, and 75% experienced a reduction (mean reduction at 52%, range 11%–94%) in epilepsy‐related hospital contacts from baseline to the end of the treatment period.SignificanceTreatment with fenfluramine effectively reduced seizure frequency and concomitant antiseizure medication in patients with Dravet syndrome. Furthermore, a decrease in epilepsy‐related contacts by 80% was observed over 6 years of treatment, which may indicate cost‐effective benefits.Plain Language SummaryPatients with Dravet syndrome suffer from severe epileptic seizures that are difficult to treat with medication. Earlier, treatment with fenfluramine (an anti‐seizure medication) has been documented to decrease the total number of seizures in patients with Dravet syndrome. This publication summarizes the experiences with fenfluramine in children with Dravet syndrome at the Danish Epilepsy Centre, Filadelfia, Dianalund, Denmark. Our publication also illustrates that treatment with fenfluramine may reduce the patients' number of yearly contacts with doctors and nurses specialized in epilepsy treatment, which may indicate cost‐effectiveness.
Pharmaceutical Pollution of the English National Parks
Authors: Boxall Alistair B. A. , Collins Rob , Wilkinson John L. , Swan Caroline , Bouzas-Monroy Alejandra , Jones Josh , Winter Emily , Leach Jessie , Juta Ursula , Deacon Alex , Townsend Ian , Kerr Peter , Paget Rachel , Rogers Michael , Greaves Dave , Turner Dan , Pearson Caitlin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
England's 10 national parks are renowned for their landscapes, wildlife, and recreational value. However, surface waters in the national parks may be vulnerable to pollution from human-use chemicals, such as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), because of factors like ineffective wastewater treatment, seasonal tourism, a high proportion of elderly residents, and the presence of low-flow water bodies that limit dilution. The present study determined the extent of API contamination in the English national parks by monitoring 54 APIs in 37 rivers across all national parks over two seasons. Results were compared to existing data sets for UK cities and to concentration thresholds for ecological impacts and antimicrobial resistance selection. Results revealed widespread contamination of the national parks, with APIs detected at 52 out of 54 sites and in both seasons. Thirty-one APIs were detected, with metformin, caffeine, and paracetamol showing the highest mean concentrations and cetirizine, metformin, and fexofenadine being the most frequently detected. While total API concentrations were generally lower than seen previously in UK cities, locations in the Peak District and Exmoor had higher concentrations than most city rivers. Fourteen locations had concentrations of either amitriptyline, carbamazepine, clarithromycin, diltiazem, metformin, paracetamol, or propranolol above levels of concern for fish, invertebrates, and algae or for selection for antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, API pollution of the English national parks appears to pose risks to ecological health and potentially human health through recreational water use. Given that these parks are biodiversity hotspots with protected ecosystems, there is an urgent need for improved monitoring and management of pharmaceutical pollution and pollution more generally not only in national parks in England but also in similar environments across the world. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:2422–2435. © 2024 The Author(s). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Image of a sewer discharging medicines into a small stream flowing through an idyllic woodland environment (generated using Wepik).