bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, properties and potential applications of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Han Sang A , Bhatia Ravi , Kim Sang-Woo 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In recent years, 2-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene and h-BN have been spotlighted, because of their unique properties and high potential applicability. Among these 2D materials, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted a lot of attention due to their unusual electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. Also, TMDs have virtually unlimited potential in various fields, including electronic, optoelectronic, sensing, and energy storage applications. For these various applications, there are many methods for sample preparation, such as the mechanical, liquid exfoliation and chemical vapor deposition techniques. In this review, we introduce the properties, preparation methods and various applications of TMDs materials.
Is the presence of keratinized mucosa associated with periimplant tissue health? A clinical cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Ladwein Catharina , Schmelzeisen Rainer , Nelson Katja , Fluegge Tabea Viktoria , Fretwurst Tobias 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackgroundLong-term data concerning the impact of missing keratinized mucosa (KM) on periimplant tissue health are rare. The importance of KM for implant success remains unclear.MethodsTwo hundred eleven patients with 967 dental implants were analyzed up to 15 years after implant placement. Implants were divided into two groups: no keratinized mucosa (NKM) and KM. Evaluated parameters were plaque index (mAPI), bleeding index (mSBI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), width of KM, and radiographic vertical bone level.ResultsmAPI, mSBI, and BOP were significantly higher for the NKM group. Implants of both groups showed no significant difference in PD and vertical bone level. Of the implants in the posterior regions (n = 261), 40.3% (regions 37 to 34, 44 to 47, 27 to 24, 17 to 14) showed NKM, whereas 30.4% of the implants in the anterior regions (regions 13 to 23; regions 33 to 43) presented NKM (n = 97).ConclusionsResults indicate that the presence of KM has a positive effect on periimplant tissue health, but does not seem to have an influence on the periimplant bone level.
Subtype Classification of Lung Adenocarcinoma Predicts Benefit From Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients Undergoing Complete Resection
Authors: Tsao Ming-Sound , Marguet Sophie , Le Teuff Gwénaël , Lantuejoul Sylvie , Shepherd Frances A. , Seymour Lesley , Kratzke Robert , Graziano Stephen L. , Popper Helmut H. , Rosell Rafael , Douillard Jean-Yves , Le-Chevalier Thierry , Pignon Jean-Pierre , Soria Jean-Charles , Brambilla Elisabeth M. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose The classification for invasive lung adenocarcinoma by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, American Thoracic Society, European Respiratory Society, and WHO is based on the predominant histologic pattern—lepidic (LEP), papillary (PAP), acinar (ACN), micropapillary (MIP), or solid (SOL)—present in the tumor. This classification has not been tested in multi-institutional cohorts or clinical trials or tested for its predictive value regarding survival from adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). Patients and Methods Of 1,766 patients in the IALT, JBR.10, CALGB 9633 (Alliance), and ANITA ACT trials included in the LACE-Bio study, 725 had adenocarcinoma. Histologies were reclassified according to the new classification and then collapsed into three groups (LEP, ACN/PAP, and MIP/SOL). Primary end point was overall survival (OS); secondary end points were disease-free survival (DFS) and specific DFS (SDFS). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated through multivariable Cox models stratified by trial. Prognostic value was estimated in the observation arm and predictive value by a treatment effect interaction with histologic subgroups. Significance level was set at .01 for pooled analysis. Results A total of 575 patients were included in this analysis. OS was not prognostically different between histologic subgroups, but univariable DFS and SDFS were worse for MIP/SOL compared with LEP or ACN/PAP subgroup (P < .01); this remained marginally significant after adjustment. MIP/SOL patients (but not ACN/PAP) derived DFS and SDFS but not OS benefit from ACT (OS: HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.99; interaction P = .18; DFS: HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.82; interaction P = < .01; and SDFS: HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.81; interaction P = .01). Conclusion The new lung adenocarcinoma classification based on predominant histologic pattern was not predictive for ACT benefit for OS, but it seems predictive for disease-specific outcomes.
Symptoms and Distress in Children With Advanced Cancer: Prospective Patient-Reported Outcomes From the PediQUEST Study
Authors: Wolfe Joanne , Orellana Liliana , Ullrich Christina , Cook E. Francis , Kang Tammy I. , Rosenberg Abby , Geyer Russ , Feudtner Chris , Dussel Veronica 
Published: April 2015

Purpose Thousands of children are living with advanced cancer; yet patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have rarely been used to describe their experiences. We aimed to describe symptom distress in 104 children age 2 years or older with advanced cancer enrolled onto the Pediatric Quality of Life and Evaluation of Symptoms Technology (PediQUEST) Study (multisite clinical trial evaluating an electronic PRO system). Methods Symptom data were collected using age- and respondent-adapted versions of the PediQUEST Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (PQ-MSAS) at most once per week. Clinical and treatment data were obtained from medical records. Individual symptom scores were dichotomized into high/low distress. Determinants of PQ-MSAS scores were explored using linear mixed-effects models. Results During 9 months of follow-up, PQ-MSAS was administered 920 times: 459 times in teens (99% self-report), 249 times in children ages 7 to 12 years (96% child/parent report), and 212 times in those ages 2 to 6 years (parent reports). Common symptoms included pain (48%), fatigue (46%), drowsiness (39%), and irritability (37%); most scores indicated high distress. Among the 73 PQ-MSAS surveys administered in the last 12 weeks of life, pain was highly prevalent (62%; 58% with high distress). Being female, having a brain tumor, experiencing recent disease progression, and receiving moderate- or high-intensity cancer-directed therapy in the prior 10 days were associated with worse PQ-MSAS scores. In the final 12 weeks of life, receiving mild cancer-directed therapy was associated with improved psychological PQ-MSAS scores. Conclusion Children with advanced cancer experience high symptom distress. Strategies to promote intensive symptom management are indicated, especially with disease progression or administration of intensive treatments.
c-Kit+ cells isolated from human fetal retinas represent a new population of retinal progenitor cells
Authors: Zhou Peng-Yi , Peng Guang-Hua , Xu Haiwei , Yin Zheng Qin 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Definitive surface markers for retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) are still lacking. Therefore, we sorted c-Kit+ and stage-specific embryonic antigen-4− (SSEA4−) retinal cells for further biological characterization. RPCs were isolated from human fetal retinas (gestational age of 12–14 weeks). c-Kit+/SSEA4− RPCs were sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and their proliferation and differentiation capabilities were evaluated by using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. The effectiveness and safety were assessed following injection of c-Kit+/SSEA4− cells into the subretina of Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats. c-Kit+ cells were found in the inner part of the fetal retina. Sorted c-Kit+/SSEA4− cells expressed retinal stem cell markers. Our results clearly demonstrate the proliferative potential of these cells. Moreover, c-Kit+/SSEA4− cells differentiated into retinal cells that expressed markers of photoreceptor cells, ganglion cells and glial cells. These cells survived for at least 3 months after transplantation into the host subretinal space. Teratomas were not observed in the c-Kit+/SSEA4−-cell group. Thus, c-Kit can be used as a surface marker for RPCs, and c-Kit+/SSEA4− RPCs exhibit the ability to self-renew and differentiate into retinal cells.
A BODIPY-based NIR Probe for Detecting Mercury(II) in Solution and in Living Cells
Authors: Zhang Jian , Wang Jiamin , Zhao Weili , Dong Xiaochun 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
A new BODIPY-based near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, based on the deprotection of dithioacetal, has been developed, with good selectivity for Hg2+. The proposed sensing mechanism was supported by 1H NMR studies. Moreover, the probe was successfully applied to the fluorescence imaging of Hg2+ in Human Hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells under physiological conditions.
Ozone in the Atlantic Ocean marine boundary layer
Authors: Boylan Patrick , Helmig Detlev , Oltmans Samuel 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
In situ atmospheric ozone measurements aboard the R/V Ronald H. Brown during the 2008 Gas-Ex and AMMA research cruises were compared with data from four island and coastal Global Atmospheric Watch stations in the Atlantic Ocean to examine ozone transport in the marine boundary layer (MBL). Ozone measurements made at Tudor Hill, Bermuda, were subjected to continental outflow from the east coast of the United States, which resulted in elevated ozone levels above 50 ppbv. Ozone measurements at Cape Verde, Republic of Cape Verde, approached 40 ppbv in springtime and were influenced by outflow from Northern Africa. At Ragged Point, Barbados, ozone levels were ∼ 21 ppbv; back trajectories showed the source region to be the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. Ozone measurements from Ushuaia, Argentina, indicated influence from the nearby city; however, the comparison of the daily maxima ozone mole fractions measured at Ushuaia and aboard the Gas-Ex cruise revealed that these were representative of background ozone in higher latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. Diurnal ozone cycles in the shipborne data, frequently reaching 6–7 ppbv, were larger than most previous reports from coastal or island monitoring locations and simulations based on HOx photochemistry alone. However, these data show better agreement with recent ozone modeling that included ozone-halogen chemistry. The transport time between station and ship was estimated from HYSPLIT back trajectories, and the change of ozone mole fractions during transport in the MBL was estimated. Three comparisons showed declining ozone levels; in the subtropical and tropical North Atlantic Ocean the loss of ozone was &lt; 1.5 ppbv day−1. Back trajectories at Ushuaia were too inconsistent to allow for this determination. Comparisons between ship and station measurements showed that ozone behavior and large-scale (∼ 1000 km) multi-day transport features were well retained during transport in the MBL.
24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and Vitamin D Status of Community-Dwelling Black and White Americans
Authors: Berg Anders H , Powe Camille E , Evans Michele K , Wenger Julia , Ortiz Guillermo , Zonderman Alan B , Suntharalingam Pirianthini , Lucchesi Kathryn , Powe Neil R , Karumanchi S Ananth , Thadhani Ravi I 
Published: April 2015

Abstract

BACKGROUND
24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25(OH)2D] is a metabolite of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D). Blacks frequently have low total 25D without manifestations of vitamin D deficiency, suggesting that total serum 25D may incorrectly reflect vitamin D status in different racial groups. The ratio of serum 24,25(OH)2D to 25D [vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR)] represents a new candidate biomarker for vitamin D status.

METHODS
We measured 24,25(OH)2D3 and 25D3 by mass spectrometry in a random community cohort of black (n = 212) and white (n = 164) Americans to evaluate VMR as a marker for vitamin D status. We measured parathyroid hormone concentrations by immunoassay to compare VMR and 25D3 against a physiological indicator of vitamin D deficiency.

RESULTS
Serum 24,25(OH)2D3 strongly correlated with 25D3 in both black and white study participants (r = 0.90, P &lt; 0.001 and r = 0.86, P &lt; 0.001 respectively). Blacks had lower mean 25D3 than whites [17.0 (7.8) vs 27.5 (11.3) ng/mL; 42.4 (19.5) vs 68.6 (28.2) nmol/L, P &lt; 0.001] and lower mean 24,25(OH)2D3 [2.1 (1.3) vs 3.6 (2.0) ng/mL; 5.1 (3.1) vs 8.7 (4.8) nmol/L, P &lt; 0.001]. In contrast to total 25D3 concentrations, mean VMR values were similar in blacks and whites [11.9 (4.0) vs 12.5 (3.4), P = 0.16, respectively] and were negatively correlated with parathyroid hormone concentrations in both races (rs = −0.26, P &lt; 0.001, and rs = −0.25, P &lt; 0.001, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
Our results provide further evidence that measurement of total 25D for assessment of vitamin D status in patients of African descent deserves reevaluation and suggest that alternative measures such as VMR should be considered.
UTILIZAÇÃO DO EXPERIMENTO DE MISTURAS DE VÉRTICES EXTREMOS PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE DOCE DE LEITE COM SORO DE LEITE
Authors: Valente Gerson De Freitas Silva , Gaspardi Ana Laís Andrade , Oliveira Lara De Andrade 
Published: April 2015

Esse trabalho teve como objetivo usar experimento de misturas de vértices extremos para encontrar a melhor formulação de doce de leite com adição de soro de leite. Os ensaios experimentais foram realizados com três componentes açúcar, leite e soro de leite, com três repetições no ponto central, totalizando 11 ensaios. Os extremos para o leite e o soro de leite foram 0 e 0,86 em fração mássica e para o açúcar, os extremos foram 0,09 e 0,14. A análise de aceitação do doce de leite quanto à cor, consistência e sabor com a escala hedônica de 9 pontos foi realizada após 15 dias de fabricação. Os resultados mostraram que o aumento na proporção de soro reduziu a aceitação do produto para todos os atributos avaliados. O contrário ocorreu quando se aumentou a proporção de leite no doce de leite, proporcionalmente provocou um aumento de maior intensidade na aceitação para a consistência do doce de leite. A obtenção de uma nota maior que 7,0 na escala hedônica (gostei regularmente) é possível quando se utiliza 0,35 da fração em massa em relação aos componentes leite, soro de leite e açúcar para fabricação do doce de leite.
DETERMINAÇÃO DE Fe E Zn EM QUEIJOS PETIT SUISSE: ASPECTOS ANALÍTICOS E TEORES ENCONTRADOS EM AMOSTRAS COMERCIAIS
Authors: Sousa Rafael Arromba , Lisboa Thalles Pedrosa 
Published: April 2015

O Petit Suisse é um queijo bastante popular entre o público infantil, apresenta-se geralmente enriquecido com as vitaminas D e E, além de sais minerais de cálcio, fósforo, zinco e ferro. Neste trabalho avaliaram-se criticamente os teores de Fe e Zn nesses queijos empregando a espectrometria de absorção atômica em chama (F AAS) e diferentes métodos de mineralização das amostras (via seca e via úmida). O método por via úmida, que foi adaptado para as amostras estudadas, forneceu resultados mais exatos e foi utilizado para análise de nove amostras comerciais,cujos teores de Fe variaram em uma faixa de concentração de 0,010 – 0,066 mg g-1 enquanto os teores de Zn ficaram entre 0,004 – 0,057 mg g-1. A presença destes micronutrientes também foi constatada em amostras comerciais não enriquecidas, portanto a qualidade do leite é de essencial importância nas características do produto final. O método proposto por via úmida é sensível o suficiente para determinação destes micronutrientes minerais.
Crystallization of Fe-Based Bulk Amorphous Alloys
Authors: Błoch K. , Nabiałek M. , Dośpiał M. , Garus S. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present the results of crystallization studies for the bulk amorphous (Fe0.61Co0.10Zr0.025Hf0.025 Ti0.02W0.02B0.20)98Y2, Fe61Co10TixY6B20, Fe61Co10Ti2Y7B20 alloys. The crystallization of the alloys was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The amorphicity of the investigated alloys in the as-quenched state was testified using Mossbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, X-ray diffractometry was applied to structure investigations of partially crystallized samples. The crystallization process in the investigated alloys occurs in one or two stages. Two peaks in the DSC curves can be overlapped or well separated indicating the complex crystallization processes. From X-ray diffraction we have stated that in both types of devitrification the crystalline phase can be ascribed to the α-FeCo. In the first stage the crystalline grains seem to grow from the nuclei frozen in the samples during the rapid quenching, whereas in the second one both the growth of the existed grains and creation of new ones during annealing may occur.
Recognition of Monochrome Thermal Images of Synchronous Motor with the Application of Skeletonization and Classifier Based on Words
Authors: Glowacz A. , Glowacz A. , Glowacz Z. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThermography is a technology that enables recognition of objects in the specific area. The goal of using thermographic techniques for ironworks is to diagnose electrical equipment. These techniques can be also use to increase safety and quality control in ironworks. Faulty equipment can be dangerous for engineers. Article describes the method of the recognition of imminent failure states of synchronous motor. Thermal images of the stator are used for an analysis of electrical machine. Researches of image processing techniques have been carried out for three states of motor. Proposed approach uses patterns recognition. Using of medial axis transformation and classifier based on words gave good results. In the future electrical machines and metallurgical equipment will use diagnostic systems based on recognition of thermal images.
Application of Small Punch Test Method in Studies of the 14MoV63 Steel Before and After Revitalisation
Authors: Kłaput J. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The paper presents the results of studies of the chromium-molybdenum-vanadium steel designed for operation at elevated temperatures. The material was examined after long-term operation and after the revitalising heat treatment. Studies were performed by conventional methods and small punch test. Curves of ductile-brittle transition were plotted from the Charpy V-notch impact tests and were next compared with the curves of sudden loss of ductility obtained in the small punch test. Additionally, for the material before and after revitalisation, the values of temperatures Tpk and Tnuc were calculated using the method of inflection point.
Investigation of Structure and Physico-Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials Based on Copper - Carbon Nanoparticles Powder Systems
Authors: Kovtun V. , Pasovets V. , Pieczonka T. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Physico-mechanical and structural properties of electrocontact sintered copper matrix- carbon nanoparticles composite powder materials are presented. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the influence of preliminary mechanical activation of the powder system on distribution of carbon nanoparticles in the metal matrix. Mechanical activation ensures mechanical bonding of nanoparticles to the surface of metal particles, thus giving a possibility for manufacture of a composite with high physico-mechanical properties.
Porous Carbon Materials for Elements in Low-Temperature Fuel Cells
Authors: Wlodarczyk R. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The porosity, distribution of pores, shape of pores and specific surface area of carbon materials were investigated. The study of sintered graphite and commercial carbon materials used in low-temperature fuel cells (Graphite Grade FU, Toray Teflon Treated) was compared. The study covered measurements of density, microstructural examinations and wettability (contact angle) of carbon materials. The main criterion adopted for choosing a particular material for components of fuel cells is their corrosion resistance under operating conditions of hydrogen fuel cells. In order to determine resistance to corrosion in the environment of operation of fuel cells, potentiokinetic curves were registered for synthetic solution 0.1M H2SO4+ 2 ppmF-at 80°C.
Analysis of the Alternate Extrusion and Multiaxial Compression Process
Authors: Kwapisz M. , Knapiński M. , Dyja H. , Kawałek A. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
The paper present the results of numerical simulations of the alternate indirect extrusion and multiaxial compression process, performed using commercial software designed for the thermomechanical analysis of plastic working processes, Forge 2009. The novel method of alternate indirect extrusion and multiaxial compression, proposed by the authors, is characterized by the occurrence of strain states in the material being plastically worked, which are similar to those occurring in the equal channel angular pressing and cyclic extrusion compression processes.
It can be found from preliminary studies carried out that the two alternate operations, i.e. extrusion and multiaxial compression, result in a strain accumulation and the formation of a strain state particularly favourable to grain refinement.
As shown by preliminary numerical studies performed by the authors, a zone of large plastic strains forms at the lateral side of the stamping during extrusion of material, which gradually fades along the stamping axis direction. After the multiaxial compression operation, when the material has been brought again to its original shape, the large strains zone moves and then settles in the form of a torus under the stamp. The subsequent extrusion process results in the formation of a new large strains zone being located at the lateral stamping side, and, at the same time, the displacement of the previously deformed material towards its axis. Repeating the above operations many times should bring about large magnitudes of homogeneous deformation within the entire volume of the material examined. The main problem during carrying out practical tests will be to determine the optimal shapes of dies and stamps, which would assure the intended strain state to be obtained in the material, and would also prevent the buckling and overlaps of the material during multiaxial compression.
The Effect of Powder Particle Biencapsulation with Ni-P Layer on Local Corrosion of Bonded Nd-(Fe,Co)-B Magnetic Material
Authors: Klimecka-Tatar D. , Pawłowska G. , Sozańska M. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Effect of the Nd-(Fe,Co)-B powder particle biencapsulation with Ni-P layer on bonded magnetic materials corrosion behaviour has been investigated. Bonded magnets were prepared from single-phase, nanocrystalline magnetic Nd11Fe77Co5B6 powder. Powder particles before consolidation were preliminary etched and then coated with bilayer (powder biencapsulation). The powder surface was coated as a first with autocatalytic applied Ni-P layer during 5, 15 and 30 minutes in Ni(II) containing bath and the second layer was thermosetting epoxy-resin. Impact of the used biencapsulation process was rated on the basis of polarization curves recorded in phosphate environment with addition of chloric ions. It has been established that the used biencapsulation method satisfactorily isolate individual particles of the powder and consequently, significantly inhibits corrosion processes of the final material, especially in passivating environment containing Cl-.