bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Despotisme démocratique
Authors: Arens Nicolas 
Published: July 2024

Si « l’érosion démocratique » ( backsliding democracy ) fait partie de l’actualité européenne et des débats académiques depuis plus d’une décennie, peu de travaux l’ont approchée par la philosophie politique et la question de la corruption du régime démocratique dans le contexte d’une fédération. L’idée tocquevillienne de « tyrannie de la majorité » permet un tel apport tant du point de vue politique et institutionnel que du point de vue sociétal et historique. De fait, si l’UE veut jouer le jeu de la démocratie, elle doit nécessairement affronter les écueils d’un tel régime.
Décolonisations ?
Authors: Bancel Nicolas 
Published: July 2024

La décolonisation de l'Afrique occidentale française marque-t-elle une rupture ? C’est la question que pose ce livre. En plongeant dans cette histoire complexe, Nicolas Bancel propose une analyse articulant l’histoire politique et institutionnelle de l’AOF à l’histoire moins connue de la formation et de la politisation des élites ouest-africaines. Après 1945, une nouvelle génération devient l’avant-garde politique de l’anticolonialisme, malgré les tentatives des autorités coloniales de la contrôler. Au cours des années 1950, les syndicats se renforcent, la jeunesse entre en ébullition politique alors qu’apparaissent les premiers partis indépendantistes d’Afrique occidentale française, menaçant l’ordre colonial d’un front commun. C’est dans ce contexte que les indépendances sont négociées entre les autorités coloniales et la première génération de lettrés africains, leaders des partis politiques de masse. La nouvelle génération politique a perdu la partie ; pourtant, ses projets politiques et sociaux sont-ils si différents de ceux des autorités coloniales ?En suivant la formation intellectuelle et corporelle de cette élite, on comprend qu’un processus d’hybridation culturelle est à l’œuvre. Ce processus se caractérise par l’incorporation de valeurs, de normes et de styles de conduite qui rapprochent ces anticolonialistes radicaux de leurs adversaires. Porteurs de valeurs et d’outils intellectuels venus d’Occident, ils engagent une concurrence mimétique avec l’Europe, caractérisant toute l’ambiguïté des décolonisations et ouvrant sur une nouvelle perspective pour appréhender la continuité des politiques coloniales menées après les décolonisations.
Les matériaux vivants entre les mains hackers
Authors: Esquivel-Sada Daphne 
Published: July 2024

À l’heure où les communautés bio-hackers des quatre coins de la planète s’approprient le monde des biotechnologies, cet article propose de réfléchir à leur rapport aux matériaux vivants. Il s’agit de saisir certaines particularités de ces derniers à partir de leur existence technique en tant que vivant biotechnologique (VB). À la croisée des études sur les sciences et de la théorie critique, l’article propose une analyse de discours d’entretiens conduits auprès de bio-hackers, majoritairement canadiens. L’analyse fait ressortir le mode d’existence du VB selon trois figures principales : l’imaginaire bio-hacker du VB conçu comme la bio-infrastructure commune au bio-hacking, à la biologie synthétique et à la bioéconomie ; le défi que les finalités normatives biologiques constituent pour la matérialisation du VB ; et la fabrique d’une distinction inégalitaire, souvent circonstancielle, entre des organismes, qui participe à la légitimation sociale du mode d’existence du VB.
Le parti pris des choses : sur quelques apories onto-épistémiques du New Materialism
Authors: Wolfe Charles 
Published: July 2024

Avec le mouvement théorique nommé New Materialism, apparu à partir du début des années 2000, on assiste non seulement au retour de l’ontologie mais à une affirmation d’un matérialisme dans lequel toutes les oppositions, toutes les contradictions viendraient se dissoudre. Poussant plus loin la prise en compte de l’agentivité des non-humains suggérée notamment par Haraway et Latour, les courants néomatérialistes en viennent à considérer l’ensemble des composantes matérielles de nos sociétés comme autant d’agents actifs dotés, à des degrés divers, d’une forme de vitalité. Dans cette contribution je reviens sur ce que je nomme l’« ontologisme » du New Materialism par rapport au matérialisme « vital », « mécaniste » ou « dialectique », en commentant des auteurs comme Jane Bennett, Karen Barad et Elizabeth Grosz.
Organisation de mouvement social et défense du vivant : une alternative au capitalisme ?
Authors: Sedda Paola 
Published: July 2024

Ce travail explore la construction, discursive et organisationnelle, d’une alternative écologique au capitalisme à partir d’une enquête ethnographique portant sur le mouvement social des Soulèvements de la terre et son rôle dans la coordination de deux mobilisations ayant eu lieu en 2023 : celle de Sainte-Soline contre les méga-bassines et celle contre le projet de ligne ferroviaire à grande vitesse entre Lyon et Turin (TAV). L’analyse de la forme organisationnelle du mouvement se fonde sur la mise en tension entre la structure, les processus info-communicationnels et l’idéologie.
Alter-organisation hospitalière : santé environnementale et « communs »
Authors: Delille Pascale 
Published: July 2024

L’innovation pour la prévention en santé environnementale à l’hôpital, lorsqu’elle est coconçue entre soignants et chercheurs, dans un « lab d’innovation », génère des formes alter-organisationnelles, qui peuvent se confronter à l’institution centralisée et descendante du système hospitalier. Nous mobilisons l’approche communicationnelle des organisations conjuguée et la théorie des « communs » pour éclairer ces dynamiques alternatives préventives, porteuses d’émancipation et à valeur motivationnelle notamment face à la défection massive de la profession et au chaos sanitaire actuel. Nous montrons que, dans le lab, les effets créatifs du design participatif offre une reconsidération du travail des soignants.
Système d’information : reflet du management dans le secteur social
Authors: Fauché Mathias 
Published: July 2024

À partir d’une observation participante dans le secteur social et médico-social, nous avons abordé la transformation d’un système d’information avec une attention particulière accordée aux propriétés des objets techniques. Ces derniers, comparables à ceux implantés dans des organisations à but lucratif, entrent pour nous en contradiction avec une activité jugée d’utilité publique à dimension éthique et sociale. Cette poussée non désirée, ce « déferlement numérique » (Flipo, 2020) a pu aussi bien être le pilier d’une refonte managériale de l’organisation qu’une soumission de cette dernière aux éditeurs de logiciels et aux entreprises de gestion informatique qui conservent in fine le contrôle sur les outils dont ils font la promotion.
Compétences et nouvelles pédagogies alternatives en situations d’apprentissage
Authors: Bettayeb Nahema , Bourret Christian 
Published: July 2024

Les démarches compétences deviennent centrales dans les universités françaises particulièrement dans les formations en apprentissage. Lorsqu’elles relèvent d’une logique de « plateformisation » normalisant les relations entre les acteurs, les interactions qui en résultent, révèlent de nouveaux écosystèmes ou espaces situationnels frontières, de coopération et de construction de sens. Une « alter-pédagogie » en émerge dont nous présentons ici des éléments pour une approche communicationnelle des compétences centrée sur le développement de la créativité et de l’autonomie des étudiants-apprentis. À partir d’un jeu de création d’entreprise pour développer la confiance, nous débouchons sur les dimensions émotions et intelligence situationnelle.
A Late Neolithic Structured Dwelling: the Automobile Village of Lachaup, Gap (Hautes-Alpes) (Abridged version)
Authors: Dubesset Denis , Bouchet Marie , Garnier Nicolas , Rodet-Belarbi Isabelle , Sargiano Jean-Philippe , Sivan Olivier , Wattez Julia , Bourgarel Nicolas , Guériel Frédéric , Millet Marie 
Published: July 2024

The Village Automobile de Lachaup, located about 5 km south of Gap agglomeration, was the subject of a preventive excavation in 2015 executed by Inrap under the direction of D. Dubesset. The site is located on the western slope of a small relief culminating at about 720 m altitude. The study revealed a structured habitat articulated around a ditch. To the east, it delimits an area devoted to the installation and operation of twenty circular heating stone hearths. Organic analyzes realised on the blocks of four hearths made it possible to highlight contact with animal fat and thus confirm their functioning in a culinary context. The domestic space is located west and below the ditch and more precisely in the northwestern part of the excavated right-of-way. In this sector, a house plan of approximately 104 m² was highlighted. The building consists of eighteen post holes. They draw a symmetrical rectangular plan with two naves. The associated domestic space is made up of floor revealed through a micromorphological study, a small hearth with hot stones and other postholes. The small amount of finds collected provides little information. Thus, the chronology was apprehended through the nine radiocarbon analyses. After calibration, these give an overall chronological range between 2886 and 2468 cal. BCE at 95.40% probability. The imprecision can be explained by a plateau phenomenon. The site of the Lachaup automobile village is singular because of the organization of its space. It renews our knowledge of habitat in the South-East of France and allows us to understand in a new light the ways of life of late Neolithic societies in the Hautes-Alpes.
Women’s Devotion to the Prophet as Reflected in the Literary Construction of a Non-Canonical Mawlid Narrative: Abū al-Ḥasan al-Bakrī’s Kitāb al-anwār
Authors: Tondi Arianna 
Published: July 2024

The Kitāb al-anwār attributed to Abū al-Ḥasan al-Bakrī continues to be, after many centuries, a mysterious narrative, and his alleged author even more enigmatic. The work narrates the creation and transmission of the prophetic light following the tropes of popular romance. In this article we will focus on one of its most peculiar features, that is, the detailed and emotional representation of female characters and the woman’s realm. We will argue that female empowerment – a typical feature of folklore literature – could be the result of the storyteller’s will to appeal to female audience that attended the celebrations for the birth of the Prophet in medieval times. To support our argument we will compare different versions of the work, manuscripts and printed, to demonstrate how the literary depiction of women-related themes is more elaborated in the latest versions of the work, produced when mawlid festivals were a well-established practice. Popular Mawlid Narrative, Abū al-Ḥasan al-Bakrī, Storyteller, Women, Mawlid ceremonies, Folklore, Sīra Shaʿbiyya
Idiopathic Eruptive Macular Pigmentation: An Uncommon Hyperpigmentation Disorder in Children
Authors: Wee Lynette Wei Yi , Gan Emily Yiping , Koh Mark Jean Aan , Chong Jin Ho 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The diagnosis and management of pediatric hyperpigmented lesions can be challenging, given the vast list of differentials to consider. We report a case of a 13-year-old Chinese girl who presented with a 1-year duration of generalized hyperpigmented macules and was eventually diagnosed with idiopathic eruptive macular pigmentation, a rare and benign melanosis, characterized by an eruption of brown, nonconfluent asymptomatic macules in children and adolescents. The clinical and histopathological features, differential diagnoses, and management are discussed in this article to raise awareness of this condition among pediatricians and general practitioners.
Development and In vitro Evaluation of a Nanoemulsion Containing Piroxicam for Topical Drug Delivery
Authors: Mustafa Muhammad Abid , Rashid Mahnoor , Jabeen Nabeela , Munwar Maria , Malik Mahnoor , Azhar Mahnoor , Shafiq Aqsa , Khan Iqra Noor , Saleem Nosheen , Idrees Saiqa , Awan Yousra , Latif Muhammad Usama 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
A specific type of emulsion with a compatible droplet size of 20–500 nm and a submicron size range is termed nanoemulsion (NE), often referred to as mini emulsion. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as piroxicam are employed to treat discomfort after surgery, acute gout, degenerative arthritis, and arthritis with inflammation.

Objectives:
With the aim of minimizing adverse medication reactions as well as enhancing compliance among patients, the study intends to develop and assess a piroxicam NE that includes oleic acid and Tween 80. It will do this by investigating the impact of the oil phase, surfactants, and cosurfactants on the product’s chemical and physical characteristics.

Materials and Methods:
After being homogenized, Tween 80, oleic acid, and paraffin oil are emulsified with ethanol and water. Zeta potential, drug entrapment efficiency, spreadability, viscosity, pH evaluation, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are being employed for the characterization of the dosage form. The procedure involves the dropwise addition of ethanol and continuous mixing.

Results:
According to accelerated experiments, four of the six formulations displayed good stability, suggesting their stability. This strategy is viable for NE formulations, with the entrapped drug percentage varying from 99.51 to 101.01. The range included additional factors such as drug release, texture, entrapment efficiency, spreadability, SEM zeta sizer, and polydispersity index value.

Conclusions:
Because of its potential negative effects, the study aimed to develop a stable NE of piroxicam for topical use by combining oleic acid, tween, paraffin, and ethanol. Because of their repelling characteristics, the charges strengthen stability, and the pH’s modest acidity helps to prevent skin infections. The study promotes spontaneous emulsification as the most suitable technique for producing NEs.
An Insight into Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity Screening, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and Molecular Docking of Glycitein as Hepatoprotective Isoflavone
Authors: Mittal Payal , Chowdhury Aritri , Arya Girish Chandra 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Several chemicals and metals, as well as a number of pharmaceutical preparations, are reportedly thought to have a major impact on the emergence of liver disease. According to postcommercialization regulatory considerations, it has been regarded as the most predisposing factor for acute liver failure. Thus, according to recent statistics, nearly 1 in 10 people have a liver illness of some form. 5.5 million of them suffer from chronic liver disease. Any type of viral infection, immune system abnormalities, ingestion of too many poisons, cancer, or other genetic condition may result in liver disease. In addition, the liver may get toxified through some drugs Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), chemicals, radiation, and ions.

Objective:
This study involves an in-silico evaluation of one of the soy isoflavones glycitein targeting interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1 β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and estrogen receptors (ERs) in hepatological disorders by the computational method. The docking result of glycitein is being compared with silymarin as a standard hepatoprotective agent. As a final step, two molecular dynamics (MD) simulation experiments for 150 ns were carried out as a refinement step for the proposed approach.

Materials and Methods:
The proteins were created using PubChem and viewed by PyMol software. To evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of the selected isoflavone glycitein, selection, and modeling of the target enzymes accompanied by the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis using swissADME and pkCSM software was conducted. Furthermore, molecular docking studies using the Auto dock Vina software were carried out to anticipate the binding affinities of Glycitein to the active sites of the intended targets. The proposed method was then refined by the execution of two 150 ns MD simulations and molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) studies.

Results:
All the protein structures were good quality and within the acceptable range. Glycitein exhibited an excellent docking score against IL-6 (−6.4 kcal/mol), IL-1 β (−6.4 kcal/mol), ER (−6.8 kcal/mol), and TNF-α (−6.5 kcal/mol) in comparison with Silymarin which were further screened for drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic parameters including ADMET. Glycitein was found to be the best possible TNF inhibitor hereunder indicated by the MD and MM-PBSA outputs because it demonstrated greater stability and average binding free energy for the ligand-enzyme complex in comparison to Silymarin.

Conclusion:
The results from the chosen database proved that glycitein is a potent hepatoprotective isoflavone possessing a favorable ADMET profile, lesser or no toxicity, and higher bioavailability which can be further used as a lead compound for preclinical screening.
Coexistence of BCR∷ABL1 translocation and JAK2V617F mutations in indian patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms: A case series
Authors: Sundaresan Durgadevi , Ray Debadrita , Kaur Amarjot , Singh Charanpreet , Parvathy Nithye , Kapadia Alpesh , Deka Riju Rani , Kumar Narender , Binota Jogeshwar , Malhotra Pankaj , Naseem Shano , Sharma Praveen 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

BCR∷ABL1 translocation and JAK2V617F mutations are canonical variants of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Traditionally considered mutually exclusive, they may rarely coexist. We report the clinicopathological profile and treatment outcomes of four MPN patients with coexistence of these disease-defining genetic variants. Both mutations were detected simultaneously in three patients who did not harbor tell-tale signs of CML and were evaluated for both BCR∷ABL1 and JAK2V617F based on clues from hemogram, peripheral-blood and bone-marrow examination. All were treated with imatinib and hydroxyurea and attained major molecular response after 2–7 months. In another patient, JAK2V617F was detected 15 years after the diagnosis of CML at the time of evaluation of loss of hematological and molecular response. She was treated with dasatinib but no hematologic or molecular response was attained after 6 months despite good compliance. In conclusion, BCR∷ABL1 and JAK2V617F may rarely coexist in MPN with variable temporal evolution, clinicopathological profile, and treatment response.
Effect of nonthermal atmospheric plasma application at different time intervals on the dentinal shear bond strength pretreated with 2% chlorhexidine as cavity disinfectant: An in vitro study
Authors: Garlapati Roopadevi , Bolla Nagesh , Kumar Gali Praveen , Banu Mayana Aameena , Anila Bandlapally Sreenivasa Guptha , Kamal Shaik Afreen 
Published: July 2024

Context:
Effective use of nonthermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) to strengthen adhesive–dentin interfacial bonding while disinfecting with chlorhexidine (CHX).

Aim:
NTAP application at different time intervals on the dentinal shear bond strength (SBS) after pretreatment with 2% CHX as a cavity disinfectant.

Settings and Design:
The design of the study was an in vitro study.

Materials and Methods:
Forty permanent mandibular teeth were collected (n = 40) and the occlusal surfaces were flattened. For, all the specimens 37% phosphoric acid etching was done followed by pretreatment with 2% CHX as cavity disinfectant for 5 s. According to the surface treatment, divided into four groups of n = 10. Group I (Control): No NTAP pretreatment was done. Group II: NTAP pretreatment done for 15 s. Group III: NTAP pretreatment done for 30 s. Group IV: NTAP pretreatment done for 45 s. Later, all the specimens were treated with a bonding agent, incremental build-up of composite resin on the dentin surface was done and evaluation of SBS was done. Analyzed using One-way analysis of variance with a post hoc Tukey’s test (P < 0.05).

Results:
Two percent CHX pretreatment as cavity disinfectant followed by NTAP application for 30 s (Group III) exhibited greater values compared to the control group (Group I).

Conclusion:
Two percent CHX pretreatment as cavity disinfectant followed by NTAP pretreatment for 30 s was found to exhibit better bond strength values compared to 15 s as well as 45 s.
Comparative evaluation of minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration of various herbal irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Surana Anjali , Priya Chauhan , Bhavya Akotiya , Suparna G. Saha , Rolly S. Agarwal , Kewlani Manasi 
Published: July 2024

Context:
The purpose of this article is to evaluate the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Herbal Irrigants.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate MIC and MBC of herbal extracts of Azadirachta indica, Curcuma longa, and Green Tea Against Enterococcus faecalis.

Methodology:
The MIC and MBC of extracts of A
. indica (neem), C. longa (turmeric), and Green Tea were evaluated to establish them as standard root canal irrigants against E. faecalis using agar well diffusion method.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The collected data were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

Results:
The present study found that green tea exhibited the most substantial antimicrobial activity among the tested herbal extracts, which was comparable to chlorhexidine. Although A. indica and C. longa required higher concentrations for effectiveness, their antimicrobial properties were also apparent.

Conclusions:
Within the constraints of this study, it can be concluded that green tea could be considered a promising alternative to chlorhexidine in treating endodontic infections due to its substantial antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis at lower concentrations.
Ophthalmic manifestations of dengue fever: A brief review
Authors: Kaur Rajwinder , Aggarwal Anupriya , Gupta Ekta 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As dengue season sets in across large parts of India with the onset of the monsoon, scientists warn that symptoms of COVID-19 and the mosquito-borne disease overlapand worry that the country’s healthcare infrastructure will not be able to cope with the double whammy. The virus is endemic and present around the year in southern India and in monsoon and early winter, it is present in northern India. The effect will be very critical because the major symptoms overlap and simultaneous infection is much more fatal.
Association between glucose-lowering drugs and circulating insulin antibodies induced by insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zhang Peng , Jiang Qing , Ding Bo , Yan Reng-Na , Hu Yun , Ma Jian-Hua 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
Insulin antibodies (IAs) affect blood glucose control in patients receiving insulin therapy.
AIM
To investigate the relationship between different hypoglycemic treatments and IAs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
METHODS
This cross-sectional, retrospective study included 1863 patients with T2DM who were receiving exogenous insulin therapy. All patients received stable antidiabetic therapy in the last 3 months and IA levels were measured using an iodine-125 array.
RESULTS
A total of 1863 patients were enrolled. There were 902 (48.4%) patients who had positive IAs (IA level > 5%), with a mean IA level of 11.06% (10.39%-11.72%). IA levels were positively correlated with high fasting blood glucose (odds ratio = 1.069, P < 0.001). The proportion of positive IAs was lowest in patients using glargine only (31.9%) and highest in patients using human insulin only (70.3%), P < 0.001. The IA levels in patients using sulfonylureas/glinides (8.3%), metformin (9.6%), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (8.2%) were all lower than in patients without these drugs (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Nearly half of patients on insulin therapy have positive IA antibodies, and IA antibody levels are associated with blood glucose control. Insulin glargine and a combination of oral glucose-lowering drugs were correlated with lower IA levels.