bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective longitudinal magnetic response of magnetic metamaterial in the GHz frequencies
Authors: Rybin Oleg , Yemelyanov Konstantin , Pitafi Amjad , Nawaz Tahira 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the microwave behaviour of effective magnetic permeability for two‐component ferrite like metamaterial medium in the direction of a biasing magnetic field. The metamaterial medium is presented as an infinite host dielectric material (air) with periodically embedded ferric cylindrical and spherical inclusions saturated with an external dc magnetic field. The study is based on the effective medium theory developed for polycrystalline metaferrites. The simulations show that the presented metamaterial can exhibit the ultra‐low refractive index (ULI) phenomenon and the phenomenon of negative magnetic permeability for the case of microwave propagation in the direction of bias.Design/methodology/approachThe obtained results are based on the wave long approximation of permeability tensor of the presented metamaterial media obtained earlier by the first author. Using the standard approach, the authors apply the above expressions for the microwave propagation in direction of biasing dc magnetic field considering different polarization of the incident microwave.FindingsThe considered artificial material media can become either material with a ULI or with negative values in the GHz frequencies.Originality/valueThe paper is concerned with part of the theory of a new generation of artificial ferrites.
Stress intensity coefficients determination of dynamical mixed boundary problems for cracks in elastic space
Authors: Bagdoev Alexander G. , Vardanyan Anna V. , Vardanyan Sedrak V. , Martirosyan Ashot N. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the problem of fracture of construction by solution of several mixed unsteady boundary value problems of elasticity, determination of stress intensity factors and concentration of stresses near edges of cracks and by numerical calculations of them obtained by explicit formulae.Design/methodology/approachThe main methods of solution are integral transformations of Laplace and Fourier, method of Winner‐Hopf system solution by avoiding the singularities of coefficients of their matrices and factorization of them using numerical solution of the same order system of Fredholm integral equations. The solution for stresses is obtained in originals by effective Smirnov‐Sobolev form. The obtained integrals for stress intensity coefficients are calculated for considered cases of plane and anti‐plane problems of cracks, and for more complex space problem of crack are carried out all mentioned analytical investigations, including derivation of stresses distributions formulae near crack edge.FindingsThese analytic and numerical methods based on dynamic elasticity approximation on account of singularities near cracks edge allow precise calculation of the possibility and character of fracture of media under any loading of rather complex type.Originality/valueResults can be useful for investigation of constructions responsibility. The developed mathematical methods are original and modern, using all actual effective methods of investigation of solutions of linear system of equations with three and four independent variables for complex initial, boundary value problems.
On the solution of transient heat conduction of multi‐layer slab and filtering temperature measurements
Authors: Hojjati M.H. , Tari H. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how a system of differential equations of one‐dimensional transient cooling heat conduction of different multi‐layer slabs has been solved numerically. A simple deterministic filtering matrix has been developed to remove errors involved in the experimental temperature measurements.Design/methodology/approachThe system of differential equations is solved through Crank‐Nicolson method using a developed computer code. The developed matrix is based on the available information about the system and is strong enough to detect and remove errors from the measured temperatures.FindingsThe filtering algorithm is very straightforward and easy to implement and needs to be developed once for a given system.Originality/valueThis paper shows how the governing equations of transient heat conduction of multi‐layer slabs have been solved through Crank‐Nicolson method using a developed computer code. The code is user friendly and solves a large system of simultaneous differential equations for any given composite slab configurations. Furthermore, a matrix filter has been suggested to remove experimental errors. The filter is based on the available information about the considered system. The developed matrix filter is shown to be a powerful technique to detect the noisy data and correct them while intelligent enough not to harm good data. The filtering algorithm is very straightforward and easy to implement and needs to be developed once for a given system.
Ultrasonic wave propagation in cadmium chalcogenides (CdS, CdSe and CdTe) compounds
Authors: Yadawa Pramod Kumar 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the second‐ and third‐order elastic constants (SOEC and TOEC) and then velocities and attenuation of ultrasonic waves along unique direction in hexagonal II‐VI group semiconductors, cadmium chalcogenides (CdS, CdSe and CdTe) compounds at room temperature and obtained the ultrasonic behaviour and mechanical properties of these compounds.Design/methodology/approachLennard‐Jones potential approach is applied to evaluate the SOEC and TOEC.FindingsThe value of ultrasonic attenuation of CdSe is smallest in comparison to other chosen materials. So, CdSe is more ductile and more pure than others. Thus, the mechanical properties of CdSe are better than those of CdS and CdTe, because CdSe has high‐elastic constants and low‐ultrasonic attenuation.Originality/valueObtained results, together with other well‐known physical properties, may expand future prospects for the industrial applications and study of these semiconductor materials.
Transient disturbance in a half‐space under generalized magneto‐thermoelasticity with a stable internal heat source under three theories
Authors: Lotfy Kh. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the transient waves caused by a line heat source with a stable internal heat source inside isotropic homogenous thermoelastic perfectly conducting half‐space permeate into a uniform magnetic field. The formulation is applied under three theories of generalized thermoelasticity Lord‐Shulman (L‐S) theory with one relaxation time, Green‐Lindsay (G‐L) theory with two relaxation times, as well as the classical dynamical coupled theory. The problem is reduced to the solution of three differential equations by introducing the elastic and thermoelastic potentials.Design/methodology/approachThe normal mode analysis is used to obtain the expressions. Numerical results are given and illustrated graphically. Comparisons are made with the results predicted by the three theories in the presence and absence of magnetic field and the internal heat source.FindingsThe results are graphically described for the medium of copper. We can conclude that the magnetic field has a great effect on the displacement components and this effect produces the same trend under the three theories. The results show that the relaxation times have salient effect to the distribution of displacement at small values of time.Originality/valueThe present theoretical results may provide interesting information for experimental scientists /researchers/seismologist working on this subject.
Computational investigation of structured shocks in Al/SiC‐particulate metal‐matrix composites
Authors: Grujicic M. , Bell W.C. , Pandurangan B. , Yen C.‐F. , Cheeseman B.A. 
Published: November 2014

PurposePropagation of planar (i.e. one directional), longitudinal (i.e. uniaxial strain), steady (i.e. time‐invariant) structured shock waves within metal matrix composites (MMCs) is studied computationally. Waves of this type are typically generated during blast‐wave loading or ballistic impact and play a major role in the way blast/ballistic impact loads are introduced in, and applied to, a target structure. Hence, the knowledge of the basic physics of propagation of these waves is critical for designing structures with superior blast and impact protection capabilities. The purpose of this paper is to help advance the use of computational engineering analyses and simulations in the areas of design and application of the MMC protective structures.Design/methodology/approachTo derive the overall response of the composite material to shock type loading, a dynamic‐mixture model is employed. Within this model, the known constitutive responses of the constituent materials are combined using the appropriate mixture rules. These mixture rules are of a dynamic character since they depend on the current state of the composite material and cannot be applied prior to the beginning of the analysis.FindingsThe approach is applied to a prototypical MMC consisting of an aluminum matrix and SiC particulates. Both the intermediate‐to‐strong shock regime (in which the contribution of stress deviators to the stress field can be ignored) and the weak shock regime (in which stress deviators provide a significant contribution to the stress field) are investigated. Finally, the computational results are compared with their experimental counterparts available in the open literature in order to validate the computational procedure employed.Originality/valuePrediction of the spallation‐type failure in a metal‐matrix composite material (modeled using the dynamic‐mixture model) has not been done previously.
Effects of aerodynamic excitations on the dynamic behavior of helical gear system
Authors: Abboudi Kamel , Walha Lassaad , Driss Yassine , Maatar Mohamed , Haddar Mohamed 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the effects of aerodynamic excitations on the dynamic behavior of a helical two‐stage gear system.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology consists of developing a wind turbine model including a helical two‐stage gear train having 21 DOFs.FindingsThe results of this paper show that the dynamic behavior of the speed‐up gearbox inside the wind turbine is affected by various degrees of flexibility at different frequencies.Originality/valueThe aerodynamic forces are calculated by two main methods, the first is the actuator disc theory and the second is the Blade‐Element Method. Some correction functions are applied, such as the tip‐root loss functions and the Glauert correction factor. The convergence of the induction factors permits to increase the precision of predictions. Finally, the generator side is modeled by a simplified electric schematic based on steady state model.
The Emotiv EPOC neuroheadset: an inexpensive method of controlling assistive technologies using facial expressions and thoughts?
Authors: Lievesley Robert , Wozencroft Martin , Ewins David 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe EPOC neuroheadset is a commercially available device that allows game players to control a computer using their facial expressions or their thoughts. This paper aims to examine whether it has the potential to be used as an input for assistive technology (AT) devices.Design/methodology/approachTwo experiments were conducted. In the first, 12 non‐impaired subjects used the neuroheadset to control a computer with their facial expressions. They also used a simple system of two head switches for comparison. In the second experiment, three non‐impaired subjects were trained to use the neuroheadset to control a computer with their thoughts.FindingsIn the first experiment, the neuroheadset was slower and less accurate than the head switches (p<0.05), and was also harder to use. It is unlikely to be preferred to existing methods of accessing AT for those that retain a small amount of head movement. In the second experiment, by the end of the week, all three subjects achieved accuracy rates greater than chance.Research limitations/implicationsAll subjects were non‐impaired, and the sample size in the second experiment was small. Further research should concentrate on the second experiment, using larger sample sizes and impaired subjects.Practical implicationsThe EPOC neuroheadset is substantially cheaper than similar specialist devices, and has the potential to allow those with no voluntary muscle control to access AT with their thoughts.Originality/valueThe results of these two experiments show that the Emotiv EPOC neuroheadset can be used as an interface for non‐impaired users to transfer information to a computer, which could in turn be used to control AT.
Digital technologies: who benefits?
Authors: Seale Jane 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThis paper, reproduced with permission from the Economic and Social Research Council's Society Now magazine, aims to give the author's viewpoint on the benefits of digital technologies.Design/methodology/approachThis viewpoint is prepared by an expert researcher, drawing on two recent experiences: reading the Manifesto for a Networked Nation; and attending a technology‐related conference.FindingsThe paper provides a viewpoint on the benefits and complexities of digital technologies.Originality/valueThe author considers how few opportunities are afforded to people without internet access compared to those who are digitally included and considers how valuable the people, the communities and the social structures are that enable the benefits of technologies to be enjoyed by everyone.
Bullying perpetration and victimization as predictors of delinquency and depression in the Pittsburgh Youth Study
Authors: Farrington David P. , Loeber Rolf , Stallings Rebecca , Ttofi Maria M. 
Published: November 2014

PurposeSchool bullying is an important social problem with serious consequences. Many studies suggest that involvement in bullying (as a perpetrator or a victim) is associated with undesirable short‐term effects on the physical and psychological health of children and with undesirable long‐term effects on their future psychosocial adjustment as adults. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether bullying perpetration predicts later criminal offending and whether bullying victimization predicts later depression.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses data from the Pittsburgh Youth Study in which 503 boys who were originally assessed at age 6‐7 years have been followed up to age 19, with yearly or half‐yearly assessments.FindingsBullying perpetration in one age range, according to boys and mothers, predicted delinquency (reported by boys) in a later age range, and this relationship held up after controlling for ten major risk factors measured in an earlier age range. Bullying perpetration, according to boys, was the stronger predictor of delinquency. Bullying victimization (being bullied) in one age range predicted depression (reported by boys, mothers and teachers) in a later age range, and this relationship also held up after controlling for ten earlier risk factors. Bullying victimization according to mothers was the stronger predictor of depression.Originality/valueThe paper provides useful evidence which leads to the conclusion that bullying perpetration is followed by an increased risk of delinquency, and that bullying victimization is followed by an increased risk of depression.
Bullying victimization and later anxiety and depression among pre‐adolescents in Switzerland
Authors: Averdijk Margit , Müller Barbara , Eisner Manuel , Ribeaud Denis 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between bullying victimization at age 8 and anxiety and depression at age 11 in a large and ethnically heterogeneous sample from Zurich, Switzerland.Design/methodology/approachThe authors present new analyses from the Zurich Project on the Social Development of Children and Youth (z‐proso) on the relationship between bullying victimization at age 8 and anxiety and depression at age 11.FindingsDifferent measures of bullying victimization significantly predicted later anxiety and depression. Differences existed between measures of anxiety and depression from different informants.Originality/valueFirst, the paper provides readers with an overview of the victimization data collected in z‐proso among an ethnically heterogeneous population sample of children in Zurich, Switzerland. Second, it provides results of bivariate and multivariate analyses on the relationship between bullying victimization and internalizing behavior. Third, the authors investigate if their results are robust across different measures of bullying victimization and across measures of anxiety and depression from different informants.
Elucidating the treatment needs of gang‐affiliated youth offenders
Authors: Meng Chu Chi , Daffern Michael , Thomas Stuart D.M. , Ying Lim Jia 
Published: November 2014

PurposeGang affiliation is strongly associated with youth crime. Although gang prevention, intervention and suppression programmes have been used to reduce affiliation and manage youth gang‐related activities, the effectiveness of these approaches is questionable. Further, comprehensive programmes supporting disengagement from gangs that also address the actual criminal behaviours of gang‐affiliated youth are rare. Arguably, these are necessary if the goal of intervention is to reduce criminal behaviour and support disengagement from gangs. This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachThis study sought to elucidate the criminogenic needs of gang‐ and nongang‐affiliated youth offenders (n=165) using two commonly used risk/need assessment instruments, the structured assessment of violence risk in youth (SAVRY) and the youth level of service/case management inventory (YLS/CMI).FindingsThe results revealed that gang‐ and nongang‐affiliated youth offenders had similar criminogenic need profiles except for one difference on an item measuring peer delinquency.Practical implicationsGang‐affiliated youth offenders have comparable criminogenic needs to other youth offenders. These needs require intervention if a reduction in crime is desired, and since gang‐affiliated youth offenders are more likely to re‐offend than those that are nongang‐affiliated, these results also suggest that there may be additional needs, beyond those assessed by the SAVRY and YLS/CMI, which should be investigated and considered in rehabilitation programmes.Originality/valueFew studies have directly compared the risk and needs profiles between gang‐ and nongang‐affiliated youth offenders using standardised risk assessment measures; this study may be relevant to professionals working in the juvenile justice and offender rehabilitation arenas.
Suzhi expectations for double-shouldered academics in Chinese public universities
Authors: M. Wang Maggie , J.H. Zhu Cherrie , Zheng Connie , Mayson Susan 
Published: November 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to exploresuzhirequirements and expectations to double-shouldered academics as middle-level cadres (双肩挑处级干部) in a Chinese higher education institute (HEI) as an initial step to examine the interplays betweensuzhirequirement and expectations and organizational operational mechanism in the Chinese context.Design/methodology/approach– The study adopted an exploratory single-case approach for the study. In this study, 22 participants composed of middle-level cadres, other stakeholders at the university, college/department and business unit levels were interviewed.Findings–Suzhirequirements for the cadres followed the Communist Party of China’s (CPC) guideline, the requiredde, neng, qin, jiandlian(德, 能, 勤, 绩, 廉) was abstract and vague. With the parallel systems, the CPC and administrative lines, there were discrepancies between the CPC requiredsuzhiand those expected by the stakeholders. A social phenomenon, “official rank-oriented standard” (ORS, guan ben wei, 官本位), was found significantly intertwining with the selfsuzhiexpectation of the cadres, unveiling a more complex dynamics than most research reported for the Chinese public sector organizations (PSOs).Researchimplications– With the initial qualitative findings unveilingsuzhias an organizational construct, this study informs future empirical research in the indigenoussuzhiphenomenon in organizational setting. The conceptualized results of our study offer new insight for future indigenous Chinese management research in all PSOs including state-owned enterprises (SOEs).Originality/value– As an initial step, this study endeavored to exploresuzhias an organizational construct in a Chinese HEI. The paper contributes to the literature by unveiling the complexity of PSOs in the interplays of dual management systems and ORS coupled with dual-rolesuzhirequirements for the cadres.
The adaptation research about ICS and Chinese management scenario
Authors: Lei Lei , Kohl Holger , Xu Yanmei 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to manifest how intellectual capital statement (ICS) adapts the Chinese management scenario. ICS has become a key management instrument for securing competitiveness and sustainable growth in European small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). However, if the approach rooted in Europe can have a good effect in China is still unknown.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper analyzes the reasons why ICS appears in Europe on a macro-level including innovation culture, innovation policy and innovation paths. These aspects are also characterized for China to describe the Chinese management scenario and innovation environment. Further, the paper divides ICS into three parts: model layer, indicators layer and operating layer on a micro-level. For the management scenario of China, it explains the adaptation of the three layers for application in a Chinese context.

Findings
– The innovation culture, innovation policy and innovation paths are different in Europe and China. Therefore, the applications of model, indicator and operating layers of ICS are also different in China. The paper indicates that it needs some adjustments when applying ICS in Chinese enterprises.

Research limitations/implications
– There are no application practices of ICS in China until now, so the analysis of this paper is based on the theoretical level. Moreover, in the part of innovation culture, the paper is limited to comparing the cultures of Germany and China.

Originality/value
– This is the first paper which investigates the application of ICS in China.