bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching Prevention
Authors: Matthews Connie R. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAbstract Despite the importance placed on prevention in the field, most counseling and counseling psychology training programs are not addressing prevention in substantive ways (Matthews, 2003a, 2003b ), nor have they in the past (McNeill & Ingram, 1983 ). There have been periodic calls for increased emphasis on prevention training in professional preparation programs (e.g., Britner & O’Neil, 2008 ; Conyne, 1997 ; DeLeon, Dubanoski, & Oliveira-Berry, 2005 ; Kiselica & Look, 1993 ; Romano & Hage, 2000a ). This chapter will address ways to incorporate prevention material into a graduate psychology or counseling curriculum through either a specialized course or infusion or a combination of the two. It will also address the need to offer more opportunities for continuing professional education in the area of prevention.
Critical Psychology, Prevention, and Social Justice
Authors: Prilleltensky Isaac , Nelson Geoffrey 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAbstract Critical psychology and prevention have a goal in common: the promotion of individual and community well-being. Their ways of achieving it, however, vary. In this chapter we explore similarities and differences between these two disciplines in terms of values, ontology, epistemology, and practices. Whereas prevention has assumed a value-neutral, positivist and largely individualistic approach, critical psychology has endorsed an explicitly value-laden and social action orientation. The value of social justice, very prevalent in critical psychology, assumes a marginal position in prevention. With the notable exception of George Albee and his disciples, prevention professionals have embraced the promotion of health and the reduction of personal risk factors as their main goals. Whereas critical psychologists have done a great deal to show the role of injustice in mental health and psychosocial problems, they have not done as well as preventionists in systematically implementing and evaluating psychosocial interventions. We argue for a synergy between critical psychology and prevention to promote both sustainable well-being and social justice.
Promoting Healthy Aging in Counseling Psychology
Authors: Hill Robert D. , Duffy Michael 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAbstract “Healthy aging” has appeared in the scientific literature as a descriptor of the underlying processes in human aging. It has also been used to promote social policies for health care delivery to older adults. In recent years, “healthy aging” has been expanded through the biopsychosocial model to geriatric care. Counseling psychology espouses ideals of inclusion through a strength-based positive aging paradigm. This affirmative value links counseling psychology and “healthy aging” in health care provision to older persons. At present, the discipline of counseling psychology does not have a strong presence in the science or practice domains of gerontology, geropsychology, or geriatrics. Most mental healthservices delivered to older clientele comes through the scientific and professional discipline of clinical geropsychology, which operates from within a traditional disease-based medical model of care. This chapter describes the added benefits of a healthy aging strength-based approach in geriatric care that could be championed by the discipline of counseling psychology.
Promoting Resilience in Immigrants
Authors: Consoli Melissa L. Morgan , Gonzalez Nelly , Lopez Susana Ayala 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAbstract This chapter outlines adversities faced by immigrants as well as factors associated with their resilience. The Latino/a immigrant population is highlighted as the largest immigrant population in the United States. Factors contributing to resilience in this population, as well as programs and approaches used to foster well-being and resilience are discussed. Recommendations for factors to consider in promoting resilience in the Latino/a immigrant population are given, and future directions are highlighted and discussed.
Promoting Positive Identity of African American Girls
Authors: Thomas Anita Jones , Speight Suzette L. , Turner-Essel Laura D. , Barrie Rabiatu 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAbstract African American girls face significant barriers to the development and maintenance of a positive, healthy, and affirming identity. They are often placed at risk due to psychosocial factors, as well as their devalued status as both ethnic minorities and women. While psychologists have explored the influence of racial and gender identity development as separate processes, less attention has been placed on gendered racial identity development or the promotion of resilience of African American girls. This chapter describes the developmental process of girls, focusing on the role of oppression and stereotypical images. Factors that influence identity development including racial socialization and Africultural values are presented. The chapter includes an overview of prevention programs that foster a positive sense of self for girls, and ends with directions for research and clinical practice.
Dynamic Factor Models
Authors: Stock James H. , Watson Mark W. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article surveys work on a class of models, dynamic factor models (DFMs), that has received considerable attention in the past decade because of their ability to model simultaneously and consistently data sets in which the number of series exceeds the number of time series observations. The aim of this survey is to describe the key theoretical results, applications, and empirical findings in the recent literature on DFMs. The article is organized as follows. The first issue at hand for the econometrician is to estimate the factors and to ascertain how many factors there are; these two topics are covered in Sections 2 and 3. Once one has reliable estimates of the factors, there are a number of things one can do with them beyond using them for forecasting, including using them as instrumental variables, estimating factor-augmented vector autoregressions, and estimating dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models; these applications are covered in Section 4. Section 5 discusses some extensions.
Forecasting Economic Time Series Using Unobserved Components Time Series Models
Authors: Koopman Siem Jan , Ooms Marius 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article discusses the forecasting of economic time series on the basis of a general class of unobserved components time series models, and is organized as follows. Section 2 provides a comprehensive review of unobserved components time series models. Section 3 discusses the methodology of state-space analysis. Section 4 discusses how forecasts can be generated as part of a state-space time series analysis and how observation weights of the forecast function are computed. Various multivariate extensions of the unobserved components time series model are discussed in Section 5. Specifically, it presents multivariate time series models with common trends and cycles, and discusses how a dynamic factor analysis based on maximum likelihood can be carried out in a computationally efficient way. To illustrate the methodology, Section 6 presents an empirical analysis for daily electricity spot prices based on a univariate and a bivariate model. It presents some interesting features of this analysis, focusing primarily on the forecasting of daily spot prices. Section 7 concludes.
Forecasting from misspecified Models in the Presence of Unanticipated Location Shifts
Authors: Clements Michael P. , Hendry David F. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article, which reviews the recent literature on forecasting when there are unanticipated structural breaks, or parameter nonconstancies, and the forecasting model is misspecified in unknown ways, is organized as follows. Section 2 briefly reviews approaches to assessing forecast accuracy. Section 3 describes a general framework for analyzing various aspects of the forecasting problem which may contribute to forecast error: at the most basic level, these are that the model may not capture important features of the data generating process (DGP); the DGP may itself be nonconstant; and the form and unknown coefficients of a forecasting model will need to be specified, selected, and estimated from the available data. Section 4 focuses on the forecasting models that have been popular in time-series econometric modeling in the last quarter of a century, and fleshes out the possible sources of forecast error when there are various forms of structural break. Section 5 and 6 allow that macrovariables are usually aggregates, but may be available at a higher frequency, so it is considered whether the effects of breaks on forecasts can be alleviated by forecasting the disaggregated components or by time disaggregation. Section 7 reviews recent empirical research on forecasting that averages over many different forecasts to try and obtain more accurate forecasts in the presence of general forms of instability and model misspecification. Section 8 provides an analysis based on location shifts coming from data revisions. Finally, Section 9 offers some concluding remarks.
Forecasting Financial Time Series
Authors: Mills Terence C. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article provides a comprehensive review of the core ideas and models that have proved central to the forecasting of financial time series. Forecasting the levels or, more appropriately, the changes in financial time series can be an extremely difficult exercise, particularly when using just the past history of the series itself. Forecasts other than the “no change” implied by a random walk tend to be associated with considering long forecast horizons, with taking account of the nonlinearity induced by, say, different regimes, or with incorporating wider information sets, particularly long-run, equilibrium relationships. Other features of financial time series, such as volatility and the time between price changes, are more likely to exhibit some degree of forecastability. The moral of this analysis is that one must consider very carefully what features of a financial time series are likely to be predictable and what features will be inherently unforecastable, and consequently concentrate attention on the former.
Models for Health Care
Authors: Jones Andrew M. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article, which provides an outline of the methods that are typically used to model individual health care costs, reviews the literature on the comparative performance of the methods, especially in the context of forecasting individual health care costs, and concludes with an empirical case study. It is organized as follows. Section 2 begins with linear regression on the level of costs and on transformations of costs. Section 3 moves on to nonlinear regressions that are specified in terms of an exponential conditional mean. Many recent studies of nonlinear specifications are embedded within the generalized linear model (GLM) framework. The language of the GLM approach is commonplace in the statistics literature, but is less used in econometrics and is outlined in Section 4. Recent research has seen the development of more flexible parametric and semiparametric approaches, and some of the key methods are described in Section 5. Section 6 reviews evidence on the comparative performance of methods that are most commonly used to model costs and for some of the recent methodological innovations. This is reinforced in Section 7, which presents an illustrative application of the methods with data from the US Medical Expenditure Panel Study. Section 8 suggests some further reading.
The Fight and the Fiddle in Twentieth-Century African American Poetry
Authors: Ford Karen Jackson 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article focuses on the history of African American poetry. It shows that the tensions between traditional and alternative forms do not represent mutually exclusive political and aesthetic commitments but rather the key defining dialectic of black poetry in the United States. The progress of African American poetry is not strictly linear. Its free-styling motion has made a circle of words that continually surpass the boundaries that do violence to poetic form and cultural identity. It also reveals what one learns from “reading the poetry”: that the poems have known this all along.
Asian American Poetry
Authors: Park Sojung 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe early poetry written by Asians in the United States was the work of immigrant laborers and foreign students—roles that often merged into each other, with migrant workers who composed their verse in rare moments of contemplation, in which they schooled themselves in the art of verse, and scions of wealthy families who found themselves serving as houseboys to fund their studies. Recognition of their work relied on their mastery of English, both for American publication and for their eventual recuperation within the Asian American movement, whose activist artists were second-generation immigrants who developed their American voices often at the expense of their parents' languages. This article considers four key moments and approaches in Asian American poetry—modernism, activism, mainstream, and avant-garde—through readings of influential and emblematic poems.
“The Pardon of Speech”
Authors: Kalaidjian Walter 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article focuses on the relationship between poetry and psychoanalysis. Beginning with Freud, the modern analyst and modern poet share a vexed but reciprocal investment in exploring the unconscious. In this vein, the “psychoanalysis of modern poetry” reads as a double genitive: signifying poetry's paradoxical status both as the literary object of clinical analysis and as a forceful agent of psychic revelation. Unlike analysis, however, poetry offers neither a science of nor cure for the anxieties, neuroses, and psychoses of social modernity. Rather, as an envoi of the unconscious, poetry gives testimony to the latter's mystery and enigma in the linguistic registers of what Jacques Lacan describes as “the pardon of speech”.
Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Adults
Authors: Breslau Naomi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was established in 1980, when it was incorporated in the DSM-III. The PTSD definition brackets a distinct set of stressors—traumatic events—from other stressful experiences and links it causally with a specific response, the PTSD syndrome. Explicit diagnostic criteria in DSM-III made it feasible to conduct large-scale epidemiological surveys on PTSD and other psychiatric disorders, using structured diagnostic interviews administered by nonclinicians. Epidemiologic research has been expanded from Vietnam veterans, who were the center of DSM-III PTSD study, to civilian populations and postwar regions worldwide. This chapter summarizes information on the prevalence estimates of PTSD in U.S. veterans of the Vietnam War, soldiers returning from deployment in Iraq and Afghanistan, and civilian populations. It outlines research findings on the course of PTSD, risk factors, comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders, and the risk for other posttrauma disoders. It concludes with recommendations for future research.
Family Models of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Monson Candice M. , Fredman Steffany J. , Dekel Rachel , Macdonald Alexandra 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis chapter reviews the extant literature on the interpersonal aspects of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with a focus on couple and family models of PTSD. Topics include the association of PTSD with a variety of family relationship problems in a range of traumatized populations. The role of relevant interpersonal constructs in the development and maintenance of PTSD (e.g., social support, attachment) and the psychological effects of PTSD symptoms on family members and their relations are discussed. In addition, models that take into account a range of relationship variables and the likely bi-directional association between individual and family functioning in PTSD are presented. Future directions for theory and research, as well as the clinical implications of this work are outlined.
Assessing Trauma-related Symptoms in Children and Adolescents
Authors: March Sonja , De Young Alexandra , Dow Belinda , Kenardy Justin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe literature concerning the assessment of posttrauma reactions is well developed for adults, but this is not so for children and adolescents, especially young children. This chapter covers some key trauma-assessment issues in the child and adolescent population, which includes derivation and validation problems, the influence of developmental factors, applicability of current diagnostic classification, and the use of multiple informants. The range of available assessment measures is then reviewed, including semi-structured and self-report measures of posttraumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, and dissociation. Available screening measures and physiological measures are also reviewed. Directions for future work in this area are made.
Assessment of PTSD in Non-Western Cultures: The Need for New Contextual and Complex Perspectives
Authors: Droždek Boris , Wilson John P. , Turkovic Silvana 
Published: February 2013

AbstractPosttraumatic psychological impacts to non-Western populations cannot be assessed and understood solely within a biomedical paradigm and described primarily by the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder. Instead, a more holistic assessment framework is critical. This chapter presents such a holistic assessment framework that incorporates clinical, psychological, and psychometric perspectives. In assessment of trauma populations, a contextual framework has to be applied. Psychological consequences should be approached as a spectrum of changes to individual psychosocial processes and patterns of adjustment. Assessment procedures should be culture sensitive and the instruments applied should address survivors’ cultural realities and historical experiences within the disaster or trauma experience itself. The context of the traumatic event within a cultural matrix is essential to an accurate diagnostic picture, and this endeavor requires special knowledge of cultural differences in everyday life, traditions of daily living, and cultural community-based approaches for healing and recovery.
Community-based Early Intervention with Trauma Survivors
Authors: Ruzek Josef I. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe numbers of individuals affected by frequently occurring traumatic events such as accidents and assaults, as well as large-scale traumas such as war and disaster, call for systematic, comprehensive community-based responses to manage mental health consequences of such exposure. Comprehensive early response by the community to its trauma-exposed members requires integration of several key response components. Communities should develop immediate response services, educate the affected community, reach out to survivors, engage in efficient early identification of those at risk, implement community-wide early intervention counseling services, monitor those at risk, train and support providers, monitor the well-being and needs of the affected population, and provide additional large-community interventions and programs. These services should encompass both trauma survivors and their family members and should target a range of potential negative outcomes, including posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, substance abuse, and impairments in functioning. Increased attention should be given to training and supporting providers, integration of online interventions into community-based service delivery, and program monitoring and evaluation. Those who serve sexual assault survivors, crime victims, deployed military personnel, physically injured assault and motor vehicle accident survivors, and disaster-affected groups can potentially learn much from one another, and efforts should be under taken to ensure that “cross-fertilization” of perspectives can occur in the service of creating integrated and comprehensive community-based responses to trauma.
Prevention and Early Intervention Programs for Children and Adolescents
Authors: Brymer Melissa J. , Steinberg Alan M. , Watson Patricia J. , Pynoos Robert S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis chapter provides a review of basic concepts essential to understanding the nature and role of factors that may mediate or moderate the relationship between traumatic stress and a broad range of outcomes. Such intervening factors, including risk, vulnerability, protective, and resilience factors, can be conveniently accommodated within the categories of child intrinsic factors, family factors, and community ecology factors. Community-level and individual/family early interventions for children and adolescents after trauma are critically reviewed. Although many of these early interventions hold promise, a good deal more methodologically sound research using standardized measures is needed. Increase knowledge of risk, vulnerability, and resilience factors can facilitate the development of enhanced evidence-based early and intermediate interventions, clinical treatments, public policy, and trauma-informed services for traumatized children and their families across stages of recovery.
Treating Trauma-related Symptoms in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Deblinger Esther , Pollio Elisabeth , Neubauer Felicia 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe significant impact of trauma on children is well documented. This chapter focuses on trauma-specific treatments for children and adolescents that have at least one randomized controlled trial in which one or more standardized outcome measures of trauma symptoms were used. These treatments address varying traumas, including sexual abuse, physical abuse, exposure to violence or loss, medical trauma, and disasters. Many of the treatments demonstrate promising results, but the research is often hampered by methodological limitations. The efficacy of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) has been documented in over 17 scientific studies, including 10 randomized trials. A more detailed description of TF-CBT is presented in the chapter. Also discussed are future research directions, including specific scientific questions, to advance our knowledge about trauma treatment for children and adolescents.
A Compatibilist Reply to the Consequence Argument
Authors: Kapitan Tomis 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article provides a reply to the Consequence Argument. It notes that the argument's soundness depends upon how one interprets modal notions such as power or ability (to bring something about) and avoidability (the power to do otherwise). It explores these “practical modalities,” and shows how different interpretations of them yield different versions of the Consequence Argument. It examines some familiar compatibilist responses to the argument, including those based on conditional analyses of the ability to do otherwise and the response of David Lewis. An adequate response, the article argues, must identify an ability to act that is adequate for moral responsibility, yet invalidates the Consequence Argument.