bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simplified approach to DFT computation for nonprogrammable scientific calculators
Authors: Yasin Mohd Yusuf 
Published: December 2014

Fourier analysis is an important tool used as it is or it’s different variants in many fields of sciences and engineering. It’s importance is due to it’s simplicity with which it expands a given function in terms of circular or complex exponents. Further it is quite versatile to handle many functions of practical interest, specifically, the functions with several mathematical disabilities that are hard to be handled with tools like Taylor series. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is a form of Fourier analysis where the discrete function and it’s transform are both of finite length. This processing requires lot many computations. Here in this work a simplified and non programmable calculator based scheme is presented with which one can easily determine the DFT of the given function by feeding in the DFT equation once and a few presses of the calculator keys. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v12i0.11681BIBECHANA 12 (2015) 13-19
A Silent And In-Depth Transformation Of Civil Society In Colombia Through ADR
Authors: Bernal Gutiérrez Rafael 
Published: December 2014

A Silent And In-Depth Transformation Of Civil Society In Colombia Through ADR
Colombia has been a territory with some social and political difficulties which have affected several dynamics of the community as well as the legal security in almost all levels of the Colombian society. The alternative dispute resolution mechanisms arise as a response for all the gaps that such circumstances produce in the country and as useful tools to solve numerous disputes in different fields. The Chamber of Commerce of Bogotá, through its Arbitration and Conciliation Center founded in 1983, is making a permanent bet to support the Colombian citizens’ coexistence in the schools, in the neighbourhoods, in the companies that provide jobs as well as benefits to the city and to the whole country. Clever strategies have been developed through the years with three purposes: change the culture about the alternative dispute resolution methods, provide confidence in using them and change the way the people manage their conflicts.
Adefovir dipivoxil-induced development of osteomalacia and Fanconi syndrome during the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis
Authors: Staltari Orietta , Caroleo Benedetto , Michniewicz Andzelika , De Sarro Giovambattista , Perticone Franco , Gallelli Luca 
Published: December 2014

Adefovir dipivoxil is a nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat adult patients affected by HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B and with clinical evidence of lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV). Adefovir administered at a dosage of 10 mg/day is generally well tolerated, even if renal toxicity, type Fanconi syndrome, was reported during long-term treatments.We report a case of osteomalacia with Fanconi syndrome and pathologic fracture of the femur related to long-time (67 months) adefovir treatment (10 mg/day) in a patient with compensated hepatitis B virus (HBV) cirrhosis (Child 5A) and with a previous normal renal function (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate before adefovir = 78.26 ml/min/1.73 m2; during adefovir treatment = 57.38 ml/min/1.73 m2). The patient was switched to entecavir at a dose of 1 mg/day, with both suppression of viremia and improvement of osteomalacia and Fanconi syndrome; the patient’s follow-up is still ongoing after 22 months.
Encouraging Collocational and Colligational Fluency: Pedagogical Chunking, Word and Verb Mapping, Pause Reading and Other Strategies
Authors: De Rycker Antoon 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to provide an exploratory overview of second-language classroom activities that can be used in order to stimulate students’ collocational and colligational fluency. For at least two decades, it has been acknowledged in second language vocabulary acquisition research that lexical proficiency extends beyond knowledge of single words, and thus, learners should be given exposure to longer stretches of language, i.e., what is sometimes referred to as “chunks”. After briefly discussing the motivation behind this theoretical stance, this paper will present and discuss a range of strategies that learners can successfully employ to notice, store and actively produce the many multi-word expressions that make up the bulk of language in use. The relevance of the current study lies primarily in its pedagogical implications. The selection of strategies has been based on a review of the current literature into the teaching of phraseology as well as the author’s own reflective practice. One of the main findings to emerge from this paper is that though many strategies have been suggested, only a small minority has been subjected to empirical or experimental verification, and that practitioners like curriculum developers, materials writers and teachers should be advised to judge the available array of activities critically.
Asymmetric N‐Allylic Alkylation of Hydrazones with Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbonates
Authors: Yao Lu , Wang Chun‐Jiang 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe first asymmetric N‐allylic alkylation of hydrazones with Morita‐Baylis–Hillman (MBH) carbonates catalyzed by modified Cinchona alkaloids has been developed, affording N‐substituted hydrazones in good yields with exclusive regioselectivities and excellent enantioselectivities. Subsequent transformations of the allylic alkylation products led to synthetically useful pyrazolidinones.magnified image
Cooperative Lewis Pairs Based on Late Transition Metals: Activation of Small Molecules by Platinum(0) and B(C6F5)3
Authors: Forrest Sebastian J. K. , Clifton Jamie , Fey Natalie , Pringle Paul G. , Sparkes Hazel A. , Wass Duncan F. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA Lewis basic platinum(0)–CO complex supported by a diphosphine ligand and B(C6F5)3 act cooperatively, in a manner reminiscent of a frustrated Lewis pair, to activate small molecules such as hydrogen, CO2, and ethene. This cooperative Lewis pair facilitates the coupling of CO and ethene in a new way.
Regioselective Cage Opening of La2@D2(10611)‐C72 with 5,6‐Diphenyl‐3‐(2‐pyridyl)‐1,2,4‐triazine
Authors: Yamada Michio , Muto Yasuhiro , Kurihara Hiroki , Slanina Zdenek , Suzuki Mitsuaki , Maeda Yutaka , Rubin Yves , Olmstead Marilyn M. , Balch Alan L. , Nagase Shigeru , Lu Xing , Akasaka Takeshi 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe thermal reaction of the endohedral metallofullerene La2@D2(10611)‐C72, which contains two pentalene units at opposite ends of the cage, with 5,6‐diphenyl‐3‐(2‐pyridyl)‐1,2,4‐triazine proceeded selectively to afford only two bisfulleroid isomers. The molecular structure of one isomer was determined using single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. The results suggest that the [4+2] cycloaddition was initiated in a highly regioselective manner at the CC bond connecting two pentagon rings of C72. Subsequent intramolecular electrocyclization followed by cycloreversion resulted in the formation of an open‐cage derivative having three seven‐membered ring orifices on the cage and a significantly elongated cage geometry. The reduction potentials of the open‐cage derivatives were similar to those of La2@D2‐C72 whereas the oxidation potentials were shifted more negative than those of La2@D2‐C72. These results point out that further oxidation could occur easily in the derivatives.
Preparation of metal ions impregnated polystyrene resins for adsorption of antibiotics contaminants in aquatic environment
Authors: Chao Yanhong , Zhu Wenshuai , Ye Zhihong , Wu Peiwen , Wei Nannan , Wu Xiangyang , Li Huaming 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIn this study, the strong‐acid polystyrene resin D001 was modified by impregnation with metal ions Fe3+, Cu2+, and Zn2+to prepare new kinds of sorbents. The modified D001 was characterized by N2sorption–desorption isotherms, X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The sorption performance of the metal modified resins for removal of antibiotics tetracycline (TC) and doxycycline (DC) from aquatic environment was investigated and excellent sorption capability with more than 98% removal ratio was observed for these resins after modification. Although these modified resins also presented pH‐dependent sorption, they showed much better flexibility with pH fluctuation than those of the unmodified original D001, and extremely strong sorption capability was exhibited in a wide range of pH 2–8 for both TC and DC. Pseudo‐second‐order kinetic equation described the sorption process more reasonably than pseudo‐first‐order equation. Langmuir isotherm model provided the best match to the equilibrium data with monolayer maximum sorption capacity of 417–625 mg g−1under 288–318 K. The sorption capacity decreased with the increase of ionic strength of NaCl. The main sorption mechanism was proposed to be surface complexation, cation bridge interaction and electrostatic attraction/competition between antibiotics and metal modified resins. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2015,132, 41803.
Smoke and toxicity suppression by zinc salts in flame‐retardant polyurethane‐polyisocyanurate foams filled with phosphonate and chlorinated phosphate
Authors: Liu Xiu , Zhou You , Hao Jianwei , Du Jianxin 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTThree types of zinc salts, ZnAl2O4, ZnFe2O4, and Zn2SiO4, were prepared by coprecipitation. Potential smoke and toxicity suppression by zinc salts in flame‐retardant polyurethane‐polyisocyanurate foams (FPUR‐PIR) with dimethylmethylphosphonate (DMMP) and tris (2‐chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) were investigated. The crystal structure and dispersity of zinc salts in FPUR‐PIR were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Smoke density, flame retardancy, and thermal degradation were studied using smoke density rating (SDR), limiting oxygen index (LOI), the cone calorimeter test, and thermogravimetry coupled with FTIR spectrophotometry (TGA‐FTIR). The results indicated that pure zinc salts were obtained and evenly dispersed on the cell wall of FPUR‐PIR. SDR and the specific extinction area (SEA) were significantly decreased, the time to second heat release rate peak (pk‐HRR) of FRUP‐PIR was delayed after incorporation of the zinc salts; zinc salts partially inhibited phosphorus oxide release into the gas phase, enhanced the condensed phase effect of phosphorus, reduced, and prolonged the release of isocyanate compound and hydrogen cyanide from FRUP‐PIR; due to an increase in the amount of char residues, which indicated the suppression of smoke and toxicity volatiles. ZnFe2O4 resulted in better char formation at the initial degradation stage of FPUR‐PIR, and ZnAl2O4 retained more phosphorus in the solid phase at higher temperature. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41846.
Fault Reconstruction for Continuous‐Time Systems Via Learning Observers
Authors: Jia Qingxian , Chen Wen , Zhang Yingchun , Li Huayi 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the problem of learning observer (LO)‐based fault reconstruction in continuous‐time systems. An LO is constructed such that simultaneous reconstruction of system states and actuator faults can be guaranteed. Then, existence conditions of LOs are first introduced to verify whether or not the LOs for fault reconstruction exist. An effective LO‐design algorithm is explored such that observer gain matrices can be conveniently solved using linear matrix inequality technique. An extension to sensor‐fault reconstruction is also investigated. Finally, two simulation examples are employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed LO‐based fault‐reconstructing approaches.
Short-term morbidity and quality of life from a randomized clinical trial of close rectal dissection and total mesorectal excision in ileal pouch–anal anastomosis
Authors: Bartels S A L , Gardenbroek T J , Aarts M , Ponsioen C Y , Tanis P J , Buskens C J , Bemelman W A 
Published: December 2014

Abstract

Background
Posterior rectal dissection during ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) can be performed in the total mesorectal excision (TME) or close rectal dissection (CRD) plane. The aim of this study was to compare morbidity and quality of life (QoL) in patients having TME or CRD during proctectomy followed by IPAA for benign disease.

Methods
In this randomized clinical trial, patients undergoing IPAA were allocated to TME or CRD. Thirty-day morbidity was determined and QoL assessed using Short Form 36, GIQLI (GastroIntestinal Quality of Life Index) and COREFO (COloREctal Functional Outcome) questionnaires. The primary outcome (pouch compliance) of the trial is to be reported separately.

Results
Fifty-nine patients were included, 28 in the CRD and 31 in the TME group. Baseline data were similar, except for more previous abdominal surgery in the TME group. Operating time was longer for patients having CRD (195 min versus 166 min for TME; P = 0·008). More patients in the TME group had a primary defunctioning ileostomy (7 of 31 versus 1 of 28 for CRD; P = 0·055). Severe complications occurred more frequently in the TME group (10 of 31 versus 2 of 28 for CRD). QoL was better in the CRD group for several subscales of the questionnaires measured at 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery. At 12 months, QoL was similar in the two groups for all subscales.

Conclusion
CRD led to a lower severe complication rate and better short-term QoL than wide TME.
Altered reward processing in pathological computer gamers – ERP‐results from a semi‐natural Gaming‐Design
Authors: Duven Eva C. P. , Müller Kai W. , Beutel Manfred E. , Wölfling Klaus 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIntroductionInternet Gaming Disorder has been added as a research diagnosis in section III for the DSM‐V. Previous findings from neuroscientific research indicate an enhanced motivational attention toward cues related to computer games, similar to findings in substance‐related addictions. On the other hand in clinical observational studies tolerance effects are reported by patients with Internet Gaming disorder. In the present study we investigated whether an enhanced motivational attention or tolerance effects are present in patients with Internet Gaming Disorder.MethodsA clinical sample from the Outpatient Clinic for Behavioral Addictions in Mainz, Germany was recruited, fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder. In a semi‐natural EEG design participants played a computer game during the recording of event‐related potentials to assess reward processing.ResultsThe results indicated an attenuated P300 for patients with Internet Gaming Disorder in response to rewards in comparison to healthy controls, while the latency of N100 was prolonged and the amplitude of N100 was increased.ConclusionsOur findings support the hypothesis that tolerance effects are present in patients with Internet Gaming Disorder, when actively playing computer games. In addition, the initial orienting toward the gaming reward is suggested to consume more capacity for patients with Internet Gaming Disorder, which has been similarly reported by other studies with other methodological background in disorders of substance‐related addictions.
Design of Aromatic‐Containing Cell‐Penetrating Peptide Mimics with Structurally Modified π Electronics
Authors: deRonde Brittany M. , Birke Alexander , Tew Gregory N. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractCell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs) and their synthetic mimics (CPPMs) represent a class of molecules that facilitate the intracellular delivery of various cargo. Previous studies indicated that the presence of aromatic functionalities improved CPPM activity. Given that aromatic functionalities play prominent roles in membrane biology and participate in various π interactions, we explored whether these interactions could be optimized for improved CPPM activity. CPPMs were synthesized by ring‐opening metathesis polymerization by using monomers that contained aromatic rings substituted with electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing groups and covered an electrostatic potential range from −29.69 to +15.57 kcal mol−1. These groups altered the quadrupole moments of the aromatic systems and were used to test if such structural modifications changed CPPM activity. CPPMs were added to dye‐loaded vesicles and the release of carboxyfluorescein was monitored as a function of polymer concentration. Changes in the effective polymer concentration to release 50 % of the dye (effective concentration, EC50) were monitored. Results from this assay showed that the strength of the electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing groups incorporated in the CPPMs did not alter polymer EC50 values or activity. This suggests that other design parameters may have a stronger impact on CPPM activity. In addition, these results indicate that a wide range of aromatic groups can be incorporated without negatively impacting polymer activity.
A First‐Principles Study of Lithium Adsorption on a Graphene–Fullerene Nanohybrid System
Authors: Koh Wonsang , Moon Hye Sook , Lee Seung Geol , Choi Ji Ii , Jang Seung Soon 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe mechanism of Li adsorption on a graphene–fullerene (graphene–C60) hybrid system has been investigated using density functional theory (DFT). The adsorption energy for Li atoms on the graphene–C60 hybrid system (−2.285 eV) is found to be higher than that on bare graphene (−1.375 eV), indicating that the Li adsorption on the former system is more stable than on the latter. This is attributed to the high affinity of Li atoms to C60 and the charge redistribution that occurs after graphene is mixed with C60. The electronic properties of the graphene–C60 system such as band structure, density of states, and charge distribution have been characterized as a function of the number of Li atoms adsorbed in comparison to those of the pure graphene and C60. Li adsorption is found to preferentially occur on the C60 side due to the high adsorption energy of Li on C60, which imparts a metallic character to the C60 in the graphene–C60 hybrid system.
Effect of recombinant human thyroid‐stimulating hormone or levothyroxine withdrawal on salivary gland dysfunction after radioactive iodine administration for thyroid remnant ablation
Authors: Iakovou Ioannis , Goulis Dimitrios G. , Tsinaslanidou Zinovia , Giannoula Evanthia , Katsikaki Grammatiki , Konstantinidis Iordanis 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of sialadenitis and xerostomia within a year after radioactive iodine administration for thyroid remnant ablation after preparation with recombinant human thyroid‐stimulating hormone (rhTSH) or levothyroxine (LT4) withdrawal.MethodsThe study has included 121 patients, divided into 4 groups: group A (rhTSH = 100 mCi), group B (rhTSH = 70 mCi), group C (LT4 withdrawal = 100 mCi), and group D (LT4 withdrawal = 70 mCi). Study outcomes were Summated Xerostomia Inventory score and number of sialadenitis episodes after radioactive iodine administration.ResultsSalivary gland dysfunction was reported in 31% and 12% of patients, at the end of months 1 and 12, respectively. There was significantly lower incidence in groups A and B in comparison with groups C and D (p = .002 and .021, respectively).ConclusionThe use of rhTSH for preparation of radioactive iodine ablation as opposed to LT4 withdrawal reduces the incidence of salivary gland dysfunction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E227–E230, 2016
Titanium implant impairment and surrounding muscle cell death following neuro‐myoelectrostimulation: An in vivo study
Authors: Lecocq Mathieu , Félix Marie‐Solenne , Linares Jean‐Marc , Chaves‐Jacob Julien , Decherchi Patrick , Dousset Erick 
Published: December 2014

AbstractElectrical currents have deleterious effects on biomedical metallic implants. However, following arthroplasty, neuro‐myoelectrostimulation (NMES) is often used in patient rehabilitation. Such a rehabilitation technique could compromise patient recovery through deleterious effects on metallic alloys and biological tissues. The purpose of our study was to assess the effects of NMES on a Ti6Al4V implant placed in a rat tibial crest and the surrounding muscle tissues. This in vivo study allowed to bring to the fore the prosthesis behavior under mechanical and electromagnetic loads induced by NEMS stimulation. After 3 weeks, implant‐to‐bone adhesion significantly decreased in stimulated animals compared with nonstimulated animals. Surface mapping indicated titanium implant degradation after NMES. Furthermore, NMES alone did not induce muscle damage contrary to that found in implanted animals. The muscle damage rate was significantly higher in implanted and stimulated animals compared with implanted‐only animals. It seems obvious that rehabilitation programs using the NMES technique could induce early deterioration of biomaterial employed for surgical implants. Clinicians should reconsider the use of NMES as a rehabilitation technique for patients with titanium prostheses. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1594–1601, 2015.
Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α‐Induced Protein‐8 Like‐2 (TIPE2) Upregulates p27 to Decrease Gastic Cancer Cell Proliferation
Authors: Zhao Qian , Zhao Min , Dong Tianyi , Zhou Chengjun , Peng Yanping , Zhou Xiangyu , Fan Bingbing , Ma Wenzheng , Han Mingyong , Liu Shili 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTThe pathogenesis of gastric cancer is not completely understood. Tumor necrosis factor‐α‐induced protein‐8 like‐2 (TIPE2) has recently been identified as a novel negative regulator gene of the immune system, and studies in mice and humans have suggested its inhibitory action in both inflammation and cancer. In this study, we examined the expression levels of TIPE2 in human gastric cancer tissues and also samples of paraneoplastic control tissue, and found that TIPE2 expression was reduced in gastric cancer. To investigate the role of TIPE2 in gastric cell carcinogenesis, a TIPE2 plasmid was introduced into gastric cell lines and TIPE2 function was examined. Colony‐forming assays showed that restoration of TIPE2 expression in gastric cells significantly suppressed cell proliferation. Analysis by flow cytometry showed that the number of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle was reduced concomitant with TIPE2 expression, and cell apoptosis was maintained at a low level. Microarray and western blot analyses revealed that TIPE2 selectively up‐regulated N‐ras and p27 expression. The role of p27 in mediating TIPE2‐associated cell growth inhibition was verified by a p27 siRNA interference assay. In this study, we proved that TIPE2 is an inhibitor of gastric cancer cell growth, and suggest that TIPE2 might promote a p27‐associated signaling cascade that leads to restored control of the cell cycle and cell division. Our results provide a new molecular mechanism by which TIPE2 may regulate proliferation of gastric cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1121–1129, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.