bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A facile method for formation of synthetic activated sludge granules with enhanced tolerance to metal ion toxicity
Authors: Tyupa Dmitry V , Kalenov Sergei V , Baurina Marina M , Panfilov Victor I , Kuznetsov Alexander Ye , Skladnev Dmitry A 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicroorganisms with high tolerance to toxic metal effects are essential for such processes as bioremediation, bioaccumulation, sewage and wastewater treatment, and also biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs).RESULTSA brief and simple method for formation of synthetic activated sludge granules with high resistance to toxic metal ions is reported. The symbiotic granules formed had much more resistance to toxic metals than the initial native activated sludge or its pure culture isolates. The microbial survival assessed at concentration 20 mg L−1 of Ag+ was 7% for the initial activated sludge; it being 9, 13 and 12% for granules of the pure cultures of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium nivale, and Penicillium glabrum, respectively, while the survival of the three‐layered synthetic granules formed on the basis of these cultures reached 24%.CONCLUSIONThe method is based first on selection of cultures of activated sludge of wastewater treatment facilities which had the most resistance to silver ions, and then on creation of multilayered activated sludge granules. Microbial cultures with low resistance to metal ion toxicity were protected by layers of microorganisms with higher resistance. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Articular contact kinematics of the knee before and after a cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Li Chunbao , Hosseini Ali , Tsai Tsung‐Yuan , Kwon Young‐Min , Li Guoan 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTAccurate knowledge of tibiofemoral articular contact kinematics of the knee after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is important for understanding the intrinsic knee biomechanics and improving the longevity of the components. The objective of this study was to compare the in vivo articular contact kinematics of the knees with end‐stage medial osteoarthritis (OA) during a weight‐bearing, single leg lunge activity before and after a posterior cruciate retaining TKA (CR‐TKA) using a dual fluoroscopic imaging technique. We found that the CR‐TKA resulted in more posterior contact positions on the tibial surface and a reduced range of motion in the medial and lateral compartments. The distances between medial and lateral contact locations in the CR‐TKA knees were statistically larger than the OA knees. The articular contact centers have shifted from medial side of the tibial plateau pre‐operatively to the lateral side after operation. This study indicated that the CR‐TKA resulted in significant changes in contact kinematics of the knees in both anteroposterior and mediolateral directions. Further studies are needed to determine the influence of the altered in vivo contact kinematics on the longevity of polyethylene liner and long term clinical outcomes of the TKA. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:???–???, 2015.
Co(II)‐mediated effects of plain and plasma immersion ion implanted cobalt‐chromium alloys on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Schröck Kathleen , Lutz Johanna , Mändl Stephan , Hacker Michael C. , Kamprad Manja , Schulz‐Siegmund Michaela 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMedical CoCr is one of the main alloys used for metal‐on‐metal prosthesis in patients with total hip arthroplasty. CoCr surfaces modified by nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) are characterized by improved wear resistance but also showed increased Co(II) ion release under in vitro conditions. For the first time, CoCr modified by nitrogen PIII was evaluated with regard to its effect on the osteogenic differentiation of MSC. The activity of alkaline phosphatase, the expression of the osteogenic genes Runt‐related transcription factor 2, osteopontin as well as integrin‐binding bone sialoprotein and the production of osteocalcin and hydroxyapatite were determined. The results of our study demonstrate that Co(II) ions released from the alloy affected the osteogenic differentiation of MSC. Distinct differences in differentiation markers were found between pristine and modified alloys for osteocalcin but not for integrin‐binding sialoprotein and hydroxyapatite. Interestingly, osteopontin was upregulated in naive and differentiated MSC by Co(II) ions and modified CoCr, likely through the induction of a cellular hypoxic response. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of possible risk factors with regard to a clinical applicability of surface modified CoCr implant materials. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:???–???, 2015.
Oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis and matrix loss of chondrocytes is inhibited by eicosapentaenoic acid
Authors: Sakata Shuhei , Hayashi Shinya , Fujishiro Takaaki , Kawakita Kohei , Kanzaki Noriyuki , Hashimoto Shingo , Iwasa Kenjiro , Chinzei Nobuaki , Kihara Shinsuke , Haneda Masahiko , Ueha Takeshi , Nishiyama Takayuki , Kuroda Ryosuke , Kurosaka Masahiro 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTEicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an antioxidant and n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines. We evaluated the role of EPA in chondrocyte apoptosis and degeneration. Normal human chondrocytes were treated with EPA and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs) was detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and that of apoptosis‐related proteins was detected by western blotting. Chondrocyte apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. C57BL/6J mice were used for the detection of MMP expression by immunohistochemistry and for investigation of chondrocyte apoptosis. EPA inhibited SNP‐induced chondrocyte apoptosis, caspase 3 and poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase cleavage, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and p53, and expression of MMP3 and MMP13. Intra‐articular injection of EPA prevented the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) by inhibiting MMP13 expression and chondrocyte apoptosis. EPA treatment can control oxidative stress‐induced OA progression, and thus may be a new approach for OA therapy. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:???–???, 2015.
Cyclin D1 is a strong prognostic factor for survival in pancreatic cancer: Analysis of CD G870A polymorphism, FISH and immunohistochemistry
Authors: Bachmann Kai , Neumann Anna , Hinsch Andrea , Nentwich Michael F. , El Gammal Alexander T. , Vashist Yogesh , Perez Daniel , Bockhorn Maximilian , Izbicki Jakob R. , Mann Oliver 
Published: December 2014

Background and ObjectiveCyclin D1 is an important regulator protein for the G1‐S cell cycle phase transition. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the impact of the CCND1 polymorphism G870A and corresponding protein expression and CCND1 amplification on the survival of the patients.Methods425 patients with ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma who underwent resection were included after histopathological confirmation. DNA was analyzed for Cyclin D1 polymorphisms, immunhistochemical examination and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of the tumor were performed.ResultsOverall, the mean survival was 22.9 months (20.5–25.3). The survival in patients with Cyclin D1 G870A polymorphism Adenine/Adenine was 15.1 months (95% CI 11.3–18.9), 21.5 months (17.4–25.6) for Adenine/Guanine, and 29.4 months (95% CI 23.8–35.0) for Guanine/Guanine (P = 0.003). A shorter survival was associated with strong/moderate protein expression in immunohistochemistry (IHC) compared to weak/no expression (P = 0.028). Additionally, a significant coherency between unfavourable polymorphism (AA/AG) and increased protein expression was detected (P = 0.005).ConclusionsA strong impact on survival of Cyclin D1 G870A polymorphism and the detected corresponding protein expression was found. The biological mechanism of CCND1 in carcinogenesis has not been fully examined; but at present Cyclin D1 seems to be an interesting biomarker for the prognosis of ductal adenocarcinoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:316–323. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comorbidity of 9/11‐Related PTSD and Depression in the World Trade Center Health Registry 10–11 Years Postdisaster
Authors: Caramanica Kimberly , Brackbill Robert M. , Liao Tim , Stellman Steven D. 
Published: December 2014

Many studies report elevated prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among persons exposed to the September 11, 2001 (9/11) disaster compared to those unexposed; few have evaluated long‐term PTSD with comorbid depression. We examined prevalence and risk factors for probable PTSD, probable depression, and both conditions 10–11 years post‐9/11 among 29,486 World Trade Center Health Registry enrollees who completed surveys at Wave 1 (2003–2004), Wave 2 (2006–2007), and Wave 3 (2011–2012). Enrollees reporting physician diagnosed pre‐9/11 PTSD or depression were excluded. PTSD was defined as scoring ≥ 44 on the PTSD Checklist and depression as scoring ≥ 10 on the 8‐item Patient Health Questionnaire. We examined 4 groups: comorbid PTSD and depression, PTSD only, depression only, and neither. Among enrollees, 15.2% reported symptoms indicative of PTSD at Wave 3, 14.9% of depression, and 10.1% of both. Comorbid PTSD and depression was associated with high 9/11 exposures, low social integration, health‐related unemployment, and experiencing ≥ 1 traumatic life event post‐9/11. Comorbid persons experienced poorer outcomes on all PTSD‐related impairment measures, life satisfaction, overall health, and unmet mental health care need compared to those with only a single condition. These findings highlight the importance of ongoing screening and treatment for both conditions, particularly among those at risk for mental health comorbidity.
Association of PTSD Symptoms With Asthma Attacks Among Hurricane Katrina Survivors
Authors: Arcaya Mariana C. , Lowe Sarah R. , Rhodes Jean E. , Waters Mary C. , Subramanian S. V. 
Published: December 2014

The relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and asthma in the wake of natural disasters is poorly understood. Using pre‐ and postdisaster data (N = 405) from the Resilience in Survivors of Katrina (RISK) project, we examined associations between PTSD symptoms, measured by the Impact of Event Scale‐Revised (IES‐R), and self‐reported postdisaster asthma attacks. A 1‐point increase in the IES‐R avoidance score, which corresponded to one standard deviation change in this sample, was associated with double the odds of reporting an asthma attack or episode since the hurricane, 95% CI Revise spacing among characters: [1.22, 4.16]. Association with hyperarousal and intrusion symptoms was null. Further research using objective measures of asthma morbidity is needed; nevertheless, these findings may help inform postdisaster health services delivery and predisaster mitigation planning.
High risk cohort study for psychiatric disorders in childhood: rationale, design, methods and preliminary results
Authors: Salum Giovanni Abrahão , Gadelha Ary , Pan Pedro Mario , Moriyama Tais Silveira , Graeff‐Martins Ana Soledade , Tamanaha Ana Carina , Alvarenga Pedro , Krieger Fernanda Valle , Fleitlich‐Bilyk Bacy , Jackowski Andrea , Sato João Ricardo , Brietzke Elisa , Polanczyk Guilherme Vanoni , Brentani Helena , de Jesus Mari Jair , Do Rosário Maria Conceição , Manfro Gisele Gus , Bressan Rodrigo Affonseca , Mercadante Marcos Tomanik , Miguel Eurípedes Constantino , Rohde Luis Augusto 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe objective of this study is to present the rationale, methods, design and preliminary results from the High Risk Cohort Study for the Development of Childhood Psychiatric Disorders. We describe the sample selection and the components of each phases of the study, its instruments, tasks and procedures. Preliminary results are limited to the baseline phase and encompass: (i) the efficacy of the oversampling procedure used to increase the frequency of both child and family psychopathology; (ii) interrater reliability and (iii) the role of differential participation rate. A total of 9937 children from 57 schools participated in the screening procedures. From those 2512 (random =958; high risk =1554) were further evaluated with diagnostic instruments. The prevalence of any child mental disorder in the random strata and high‐risk strata was 19.9% and 29.7%. The oversampling procedure was successful in selecting a sample with higher family rates of any mental disorders according to diagnostic instruments. Interrater reliability (kappa) for the main diagnostic instrument range from 0.72 (hyperkinetic disorders) to 0.84 (emotional disorders). The screening instrument was successful in selecting a sub‐sample with “high risk” for developing mental disorders. This study may help advance the field of child psychiatry and ultimately provide useful clinical information. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictive factors for myasthenic crisis after videoscopic thymectomy in patients with myasthenia gravis
Authors: Lee Hyung Seok , Lee Hye Sun , Lee Hyo Eun , Bae Mi Kyung , Chung Kyung Young , Shin Ha Young , Choi Young‐Chul , Kim Seung Min 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTIntroductionPredictive factors for myasthenic crisis after transsternal thymectomy have been reported, but little is known about myasthenic crisis after videoscopic thymectomy (MCAVT).MethodsWe investigated 146 myasthenia gravis patients who underwent videoscopic thymectomy.ResultsPatients with MCAVT had a lower forced vital capacity (FVC) (2.1 vs. 3.0 L, P < 0.001) than those without. Low‐frequency repetitive nerve stimulation showed decremental responses of the orbicularis oculi (47.1% vs. 18.1%, P = 0.001) and nasalis muscles (54.1% vs. 21.4%, P < 0.001), which were more pronounced in patients with MCAVT than those without. According to multivariate analysis, FVC (OR 0.144, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.044–0.479, P = 0.002) and decremental response of orbicularis oculi (odds ratio, 1.029; 95% CI, 1.001–1.058, P = 0.044) were independently associated with MCAVT.ConclusionsFVC and decremental response of orbicularis oculi were associated with MCAVT. Muscle Nerve 52: 216–220, 2015
NIH working group report: Innovative research to improve maintenance of weight loss
Authors: MacLean Paul S. , Wing Rena R. , Davidson Terry , Epstein Leonard , Goodpaster Bret , Hall Kevin D. , Levin Barry E. , Perri Michael G. , Rolls Barbara J. , Rosenbaum Michael , Rothman Alexander J. , Ryan Donna 
Published: December 2014

ObjectivesThe National Institutes of Health, led by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, organized a working group of experts to discuss the problem of weight regain after weight loss. A number of experts in integrative physiology and behavioral psychology were convened with the goal of merging their perspectives regarding the barriers to scientific progress and the development of novel ways to improve long‐term outcomes in obesity therapeutics. The specific objectives of this working group were to: (1) identify the challenges that make maintaining a reduced weight so difficult; (2) review strategies that have been used to improve success in previous studies; and (3) recommend novel solutions that could be examined in future studies of long‐term weight control.ResultsSpecific barriers to successful weight loss maintenance include poor adherence to behavioral regimens and physiological adaptations that promote weight regain. A better understanding of how these behavioral and physiological barriers are related, how they vary between individuals, and how they can be overcome will lead to the development of novel strategies with improved outcomes.ConclusionsGreater collaboration and cross‐talk between physiological and behavioral researchers is needed to advance the science and develop better strategies for weight loss maintenance.
Early Experience with the Modificated Approach of Ligation of the Intersphincteric Fistula Tract for High Transsphincteric Fistula
Authors: Ye Feng , Tang Changling , Wang Danyang , Zheng Shusen 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackground
Transsphincteric fistulotomy is associated with a variable degree of fecal incontinence. Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT), a novel surgical procedure with the advantage of avoiding anal incontinence, has a variable success rate of 57–94 %. We evaluated a modified approach from it. Our aim was to review the preliminary results using this technique for high transsphincteric fistula.MethodsA retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of high transsphincteric fistula patients who underwent the modified LIFT (mLIFT) procedure was performed. The surgical technique involved making a lateral incision from external opening to intersphincteric groove; ligation of the fistula tract within the intersphincteric space; and complete excision of the distal part of fistula from external opening to external sphincter. The patients were followed for healing time, recurrence, fecal continence disturbance, and any other associated morbidity.ResultsOver a 2‐year period, 43 patients with high transsphincteric anal fistula were treated by mLIFT technique. Four patients were lost at follow‐up. In a mean follow‐up of 15 months, 34/39 (87.2 %) of the patients achieved primary or secondary healing. Five patients had persistent symptoms and required further surgical treatment. The second procedures were successful, and finally resulting in an overall healing rate of 100 %. The Wexner incontinence scale was 0 (0–20) both before and at 6 months after the procedure.ConclusionsThe mLIFT procedure for high transsphincteric fistula appeared to effectively preserve continence and achieved a comparable success rate to other sphincter‐preserving techniques.
Family‐specific responses in survivorship and phenotypic traits to different light environments in a seedling population of Fagus crenata in a cool‐temperate forest
Authors: Torimaru Takeshi , Takeda Yuichi , Matsushita Michinari , Tamaki Ichiro , Sano Junji , Tomaru Nobuhiro 
Published: December 2014

AbstractNatural plant populations consist of individuals that exhibit variation in their phenotypic traits and demographic parameters. Here we report a study on maternal effects and the effects of different light environments on intra‐specific variation in survivorship and ecologically relevant phenotypic traits of Fagus crenata seedlings in a cool‐temperate forest community. We collected 901 seedlings from the ground beneath five maternal trees and used microsatellite DNA markers to identify maternal siblings that germinated naturally in the forest community. Selected seedlings were planted at three sites––one under a closed canopy with low light availability, one under a canopy gap in the natural forest community with moderate light availability, and one in a common garden with high light availability. The proportion of seedlings that were correctly assigned to their putative mother ranged from 60.0 to 82.7 % per maternal family, and 655 (72.7 %) seedlings in total were used for the analysis of survivorship and phenotypic traits. Among‐family differences in survivorship remained after correcting for the effects of initial stem size during the first year after planting. However, this difference in survivorship became less pronounced in subsequent years. Seedlings grown under the canopy gap and/or in the common garden exhibited better performance in terms of phenotypic traits such as stem, leaf, and root morphology. In addition, seedlings of different maternal origins grown in the same environments had different individual leaf areas. These findings suggest that phenotypic variation due to maternal effects was a significant source of intra‐specific variation within the local population.
Synthesis, Characterization and Aqueous Properties of a New Hybrid Fluorocarbon Cationic Surfmer
Authors: Che YuJu , Gao Qing , Fang Meiling , Tan Yebang , Wang Xiaoli , Meng Fanjun 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA novel hybrid fluorocarbon cationic surfmer has been synthesized and its aggregation and surface properties have been studied by surface tension, electrical conductivity, steady‐state fluorescence, Rayleigh light scattering, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Through surface tension, electrical conductivity, steady‐state fluorescence and Rayleigh light scattering measurements, the effectiveness of surface tension reduction, the maximum surface excess concentration, the minimum area occupied per surfactant molecule at the air/water interface, the micropolarity and aggregation number of micelles were investigated. The results shows that the surfmer has superior surface activity and lower micropolarity than other surfmers. The critical micelle concentration at different temperatures and a series of thermodynamic parameters (, , and , , , and ) of micellization were evaluated. The thermodynamic parameters showed that the micelle formation was entropy‐driven in the temperature range of 15–40 °C. The size and morphology of the aggregates were also confirmed by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy.
Biodegradation of Nonylphenol Monopropoxyethoxylates
Authors: Zgoła‐Grześkowiak Agnieszka , Grześkowiak Tomasz , Szymański Andrzej 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAerobic biodegradation behavior of nonylphenol monopropoxyethoxylates was investigated in two tests with different inocula‐sewage sludge and river water. Both primary biodegradation and formation of different biodegradation intermediates were studied. Primary biodegradation of nonylphenol monopropoxyethoxylates was relatively fast and complete with the sewage sludge as the inoculum. On the other hand, biodegradation with river water as the inoculum was slower and primary biodegradation in this test reached only about 60 % during almost 50 days. The biodegradation intermediates from both oxidative and non‐oxidative pathways were found. In the non‐oxidative route monopropoxy poly(ethylene glycol)s were observed which indicate existence of the central fission biodegradation pathway. In the oxidative pathway carboxylic acids were identified. The biodegradation intermediates identified with the use of high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection persisted for many days in both tests.
Separation Behavior of Octadecadienoic Acid Isomers and Identification of cis‐ and trans‐Isomers Using Gas Chromatography
Authors: Shibamoto Shigeaki , Gooley Andrew , Yamamoto Kouhei 
Published: December 2014

AbstractUsing a strongly polar cyanopropyl capillary column we have investigated the gas chromatography (GC) separation behaviors of 24 octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (18:2ME) isomers compared against saturated methyl stearate (18:0ME) and arachidic acid methyl ester (20:0ME), and the dependency on the GC column temperature. The 24 isomers were obtained by performing cis‐to trans‐isomerization of six regioisomers: five of the 18:2ME isomers were prepared by the partial reduction of methyl α‐linolenate and methyl γ‐linolenate C18 trienoic acids with different double bond positions, whereas the sixth isomer, 18:2ME (c5, c9), was obtained from a raw constituent fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) sample extracted from Japanese yew seeds. There are no reference standards commercially available for 18:2ME isomers, and in elucidating the elution order of these isomers this study should help the future identification of cis‐ and trans‐type of 18:2ME. We also report the identification method of cis‐ and trans‐type of FAME using equivalent chain lengths and attempt the identification of cis‐ and trans‐type of 18:2ME isomers from partially hydrogenated canola oil.