bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a context-specific health education intervention on knowledge of health risk behaviors among adolescents in Nigerian public and private secondary schools: a comparative study
Authors: Olaoye Olumide Ayoola , Adejumobi Adeyemi S. , Ogundele Tobi F. , Akande Micheal A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Health education programmes that utilizes multicomponent classroom teaching strategies have the potential to enhance knowledge, attitudes, and actions of adolescents concerning health risk behaviors (HRBs). This study assessed the effect of a school-based context-specific health education intervention (CsHEI) on knowledge of HRBs among in-school adolescents in public- and private-owned secondary schools in Nigeria.

Methods
In-school adolescents were recruited into this quasi-experimental study using stratified random sampling from secondary schools in Ile-Ife, Osun-State, Nigeria. Knowledge of HRBs was assessed pre- and post-implementation of a CsHEI. The intervention was a four-week instructor-led health education class on HRBs, delivered over a 2-h class activity per week. Data was summarized using descriptive statistics as well as Inferential statistics.

Results
With a mean age of 14.9 ± 1.56 years, a total of 145 females (54.3 %) and 122 males (45.7 %) participated in this study. Over 70 % of the participants had good knowledge of HRBs prior to the intervention with the pre-test mean general knowledge of HRB (t=−3.13, p=0.002) and knowledge of personal safety (t=−2.99, p=0.003) being significantly lower between students in public-schools compared to their private-school counterparts. Post-intervention, a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge was observed in all HRB domains with over 90 % of participants having a good knowledge of HRBs.

Conclusions
The CsHEI improved knowledge of in-school adolescents in public- and private-owned secondary schools in Osun state, Nigeria in all domains of HRBs. Integrating the CsHEI with other health behavioral change strategies can mitigate prevalence of HRBs among adolescents, thereby improving health-outcomes and well-being of adolescents.
Investigation of fibre-modified silica aerogel composites
Authors: Wang Kaibao , Yang Liu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This investigation evaluates the thermal and mechanical performance of fibre-reinforced silica aerogel composites by introducing an optimised fabrication process and vacuumization. The novelty of this investigation was the identification of the minimum amount of solvent being used to synthesise aerogel, as well as the introduction of temperature ageing (45 °C). These provide a valuable guide for lowering the fabricating cost with optimised properties of aerogel composites. The glass fibre (GF)–aerogel composites obtained from the optimised process showed excellent thermal conductivity (18.4 mW m−1 K−1 at a pressure load of 2 psi (13.8 kPa)). It is worth mentioning that vacuum sealing of the aerogel composites not only prevents dustiness during handling but also improves the thermal performance. The thermal conductivity could be further reduced to 13.8 mW m−1 K−1 by vacuum sealing the GF–aerogel composite. The compression and bending tests proved that the aerogel composites could endure considerable compressive and flexural strain without structural destruction. These outstanding characteristics indicate that GF–aerogel composites have great potential in the thermal insulation field, especially for a moderate temperature environment (i.e., less than 800 °C).
Circadian rhythms tied to changes in brain morphology in a densely-sampled male
Authors: Murata Elle M. , Pritschet Laura , Grotzinger Hannah , Taylor Caitlin M. , Jacobs Emily G. 
Published: August 2024

Circadian, infradian, and seasonal changes in steroid hormone secretion have been tied to changes in brain volume in several mammalian species. However, the relationship between circadian changes in steroid hormone production and rhythmic changes in brain morphology in humans is largely unknown. Here, we examined the relationship between diurnal fluctuations in steroid hormones and multiscale brain morphology in a precision imaging study of a male who completed forty MRI and serological assessments at 7 A.M. and 8 P.M. over the course of a month, targeting hormone concentrations at their peak and nadir. Diurnal fluctuations in steroid hormones were tied to pronounced changes in global and regional brain morphology. From morning to evening, total brain volume, gray matter volume, and cortical thickness decreased, coincident with decreases in steroid hormone concentrations (testosterone, estradiol, and cortisol). In parallel, cerebrospinal fluid and ventricle size increased from A.M. to P.M. Global changes were driven by decreases within the occipital and parietal cortices. These findings highlight natural rhythms in brain morphology that keep time with the diurnal ebb and flow of steroid hormones.Significance StatementThough rhythmic changes in steroid hormone secretion have been tied to changes in brain volume in several mammalian species, this relationship has not been well-characterized in humans. In this precision neuroimaging study, we found that global and regional brain morphology and steroid hormone levels exhibit tandem circadian rhythms. These findings provide high-resolution insight into the anatomical signature of diurnal changes in brain morphology and steroid hormone production in a human male and reveal the metronomic regularity of these rhythms over time.
Comparing Social Disadvantage Indices in Pediatric Populations
Authors: Zolotor Anna , Huang Ro W. , Bhavsar Nrupen A. , Cholera Rushina 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Place-based social disadvantage indices are increasingly used to promote health equity, but vary in design. We compared associations between 3 commonly used indices (Social Vulnerability Index [SVI], Area Deprivation Index [ADI], and Child Opportunity Index [COI]) and infant well-child check (WCC) attendance and adolescent obesity. We hypothesized that the COI would have the strongest association with child health outcomes.

METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2014–2019 Duke University Health System electronic health record data. Eligible participants were ≤18 years old, had outpatient encounters during the study period, and resided in Durham County, North Carolina. We aggregated indices into deciles; higher deciles represented greater disadvantage. Multivariable logistic regression models quantified the association between each index and infant WCC attendance (ages 0–15 months) and adolescent obesity (11–17 years).

RESULTS
There were 10 175 and 14 961 children in the WCC and obesity cohorts, respectively. All 3 indices were similarly associated with WCCs (SVI odds ratio [OR] 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.12; ADI OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.08–1.12; COI OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.10–1.14) and obesity (SVI OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.04–1.07; ADI OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.06–1.10; COI OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.05–1.08). ORs indicate the increase in the outcome odds for every 1-decile index score increase.

CONCLUSIONS
Higher disadvantage as defined by all 3 indices was similarly associated with adolescent obesity and decreased infant WCC attendance. The SVI, ADI, and COI may be equally suitable for pediatric research, but population and outcome characteristics should be considered when selecting an index.
<i>Citrus reticulata</i> flavonoids as a valuable source for reducing meat-borne <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i>
Authors: Khairy Elbarbary Nady , Al-Qaaneh Ayman M. , M. Bekhit Mounir , Abdelhaseib Maha , A. Gomaa Reda , Ali Marwa A. , Salem Mohamed M. , M.L. Malak Nermeen 
Published: August 2024

Meat products are one of the nutritious diet options available to consumers. However, meat products have the potential to serve as a reservoir of food-borne infections, such as those caused by Aeromonas species, which pose a significant risk to public health. A total of 270 samples, 30 of each minced beef, meatball, beef burger, chicken nuggets, chicken pane, chicken burger, canned anchovy, canned mackerel, and canned sardine, were obtained from supermarkets in Aswan Province, Egypt, to analyze the occurrence and virulence features of Aeromonas hydrophila. Influence of Citrus reticulata peel extract on the A. hydrophila count and its virulence capacity after different marinating periods was also analyzed. The obtained results revealed that the Aeromonas counts ranged from 2.02±0.30 to 4.21±0.27 log10 CFU/g and 37% of the analyzed samples were contaminated with Aeromonas spp. The main strains discovered were A. hydrophila (13.3%), A. sobria (9.6%), A. caviae (7.4%), A. veronii (4%), and A. fluvialis (2.6%). It was found by polymerase chain reaction that all tested strains (n = 36) belonged to Aeromonas spp., and 89% were identified as A. hydrophila. In contrast, virulence genes aerolysin (aerA) and cytotoxic enterotoxin (act) were found in 61.1% and 50% of the tested isolates, respectively, with a wide range of antibacterial resistance. Additionally, the influence of Citrus reticulata peel extract on A. hydrophila counts at different marinating periods declined significantly with increased concentration without major changes in the sensory criteria.
“Digital Space of Scientific Communication”: Conference to the 15th Anniversary of the “ISTORIYA”
Authors: Samarskaya Valeriya 
Published: August 2024

On April 17—18, 2024 on the basis of the Institute of Scientific Information in Social Sciences, as well as with the support of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Publishing House “Nauka” (&quot;Science&quot;) and the State Public Historical Library, the State Academic University of Humanities held the All-Russian Scientific Conference “Digital Space of Scientific Communication: History of the Internet and the development of science.&quot; The conference was dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the Russian segment of the Internet and the 15th anniversary of the Journal of Education and Science “ISTORIYA”. During the conference, various reports were presented, they were devoted to electronic journals and scientometrics tools, digitalization of archives and libraries, digital solutions in the humanitarian world, as well as human transformation in digital culture.
The Use of Eco-Enzyme as a Larvacide for Aedes aegypti Mosquito Larvae
Authors: Hariyono Hariyono , Madyawati Sri Pantja , Fauziyah Shifa , Muthu P. , Sucipto Teguh Hari 
Published: August 2024

Nearly half of the world's population is at risk of dengue infection, an arboviral infection that is typically spread by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Insecticide use and community awareness campaigns are the main vector control strategies currently in use in some countries, and they didn’t done many ways to reduce dengue. Eco-enzyme is the product of fermentation from organic waste such as vegetable, fruit, and sugar. Eco-enzyme can be used in agriculture, medicine, and others. This study aims to analyze the toxicity level of ecoenzyme as the larvicide for Aedes aegypti larvae. An analytical experimental study were conducted in Bionas Parasitology Laboratory from February to March 2024. As many as 20 Aedes aegypti larvae were used in each of exposure. Each exposure were replicated four times. The mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae was analyzed by a two-way ANOVA test, followed by a Fisher's least significant defference (LSD) post hoc test with a significance level of (p<0.01). This data was analysed by Statistical Product and Service Solutions(SPSS)Inc. 25.0. The concentrations of ecoenzyme induce mortality of the third instar of Aedes aegypti larvae were started from 2% concentration, and the highest was found in 10% concentrations which resulted in average of 50% mortality. In this context, the analysis results show that time, concentration, and the interaction between time and concentration have a significant influence on the observed quantities. These findings can have important implications in the context of studies or experiments related to the variables being tested. Below are the profile plots of each variable (concentration and time of exposure) which give significant influence on the mortality of Aedes larvae
Analisis Komprehensif Strategi Pemasaran PT. Pana Rope Access dalam Optimalisasi Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3)
Authors: Rachmatuloh Bintang 
Published: August 2024

Abstrak: Banyak konstruksi bangunan tinggi yang sudah terbangun tetapi tidak terawat sehingga terjadi berbagai kerusakan serta mengurangi nilai estetikanya. Untuk mencegah hal tersebut maka diperlukan sebuah perawatan atau maintenance pada sebuah bangunan. PT. Pana Rope Access merupakan penyedia jasa cleaning exterior gedung, baik dalam segi perawatan (maintenance) dan pembersihan yang mengutamakan budaya kerja K3 (keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja). Perusahaan ini terbilang baru dan membutuhkan strategi pemasaran yang tepat agar dapat sesuai dengan tujuan perusahaan dan dapat berkembang. Metode yang diaplikasikan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yakni, data primer yang diperoleh dari data strategi pemasaran perusahaan dan data sekunder diperoleh dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan studi pustaka. Penelitian ini menggunakan Analisis SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) dilakukan melalui matriks IFE (Internal Factor Evaluation) dan matriks EFE (Eksternal Factor Evaluation). Hasil matriks SWOT yakni SO: Meningkatkan digital marketing dan meningkatkan kualitas hasil pengerjaan. Strategi WT: melakukan upgrading, penambahan sumber daya manusia, mempercepat proses pengerjaan serta menambah tools kerja.
PESAN-PESAN FILOSOFIS PUASA PERSPEKTIF ALI SABUNI
Authors: Husnawadi  
Published: August 2024

Tulisan ini bertujuan menjelaskan pesan-pesan filosofis puasa perspektif Ali Sabuni, pesan filosofis dalam puasa menjadi sangat urgen untuk diungkap secara komprehensif sehingga dapat dijadikan acuan dalam menjalankan perintah agama khususnya puasa, Ibadah puasa sejatinya tidak sekedar kekuatan menahan lapar dan haus, akan tetapi menghindari gibah, khianat dan berdusta adalah bagian daripada berpuasa, sebab dengan berpuasa akan lahir insan-insan arif bijaksana, toleran dan humanis. Maka Pandangan filosofis Ali Sabuni mengenai puasa menjadi salah satu pilihan tepat dan refresentatif dalam ikhtiar membentuk insan bijaksana, toleran dan humanis.
Empat utama pesan filosofis puasa menurut Ali Sabuni yaitu: Penghambaan sejati kepada Alloh, mengedukasi diri, menumbuhkan rasa cinta dan empati, dan pembersihan jiwa semuanya dibahas secara mendetail dalam tulisan ini. Di samping itu tulisan ini dilengkapi dengan pembahasan mengenai puasa-puasa yang diharamkan dalam fiqih Islam yang musti diketahui oleh ummat islam agar tidak terjerumus mengerjakan suatu ibadah yang dilarang.
Targeted Muscle Reinnervation for a Symptomatic Neuroma in a Traumatic Transmetatarsal Amputee
Authors: Chon Jeewon , Franco Meryl Pearl , Luo Jessica , Vandevender Darl , Agnew Sonya 
Published: August 2024

Case:An overall healthy 48-year-old man suffered a left foot mangled crush injury resulting in a post-transmetatarsal amputation and subsequently developing a painful neuroma on the plantar surface of the foot. To avoid the zone of injury, targeted muscle reinnervation was used to treat the neuroma by coapting the tibial nerve to the motor point of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle. At 1-year follow-up, the patient reported no pain at rest, returned to work, and could ambulate with an orthosis for 30 minutes.Conclusion:Rare tibial nerve coaptations to the FHL could serve as a treatment option for patients with neuromas in traumatic postmetatarsal amputation.
A Quasi-Newton Trust-Region Method for Well Location Optimization Under Uncertainty
Authors: Eltahan Esmail , Alpak Faruk Omer , Sepehrnoori Kamy 
Published: August 2024

SummarySubsurface development involves well-placement decisions considering the highly uncertain understanding of the reservoir in the subsurface. The simultaneous optimization of a large number of well locations is a challenging problem. Traditional gradient-based methods can be adapted for well location optimization (WLO) when these problems are converted into real-valued representations and equipped with protocols to handle noisy objective functions. However, their application to large-scale scenarios often remains impractical. This impracticality arises because computing gradients of the objective function can be prohibitively expensive in realistic settings, particularly without using the adjoint method. In this paper, we explore the application of a novel quasi-Newton trust-region (TR) method that employs the stochastic simplex approximate gradient (StoSAG).We have implemented the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) quasi-Newton updating algorithm together with line-search (LS) and TR optimization strategies. The StoSAG-based optimization methods have been applied to a realistic synthetic reservoir featuring 26 wells considering two distinct cases: Each includes 20 realizations of porosity and permeability. The first case exhibits mild heterogeneity, while the second exhibits significant heterogeneity with a large correlation length. We have conducted a series of runs to evaluate the performance of these algorithms in addition to comparisons to the finite-difference (FD) and particle-swarm-optimization (PSO) algorithms. We introduce a novel approach to enhance the accuracy of StoSAG gradients by proposing modified StoSAG formulations. These formulations are tailored to exploit the structure of the objective function and to capture the relationships between its components and the individual optimization parameters. This approach involves using a correction matrix W informed by problem-specific knowledge. The entries of W vary from 0 to 1 and are proportional to the interference effects the neighboring wells have on each other. We determine those entries (or weights) based on the radii of investigation around the wells and the distance between the well pairs.Results indicate that the steepest-descent (SD) algorithm coupled with StoSAG has superior performance to PSO and FD. Although the objective function is prone to numerical noise and not continuously differentiable with respect to well locations, StoSAG overcomes this challenge because it acts as a smooth approximation. Comparative tests further confirm that the TR-BFGS is more effective than the LS-BFGS. Moreover, we show that using the proposed gradient correction procedure results in a significant acceleration in convergence, indicating an enhancement in the StoSAG gradient approximation quality. This enhancement allows the TR-BFGS algorithm to achieve considerably higher performance than SD, illustrating that the accuracy of the BFGS approximation benefits from improved gradient quality.
GenSynthPop: Generating a Spatially Explicit Synthetic Population of Individuals and Households from Aggregated Data
Authors: de Mooij Jan , Sonnenschein Tabea , Pellegrino Marco , Dastani Mehdi , Ettema Dick , Logan Brian , Verstegen Judith A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Synthetic populations are representations of actual individuals living in a specificarea. They play an increasingly important role in studying and modeling individuals and are often used to build agent-based social simulations. Traditional approaches for synthesizing populations use a detailed sample of the population (which may not be available) or combine data into a single joint distribution, and draw individuals or households from these. The latter group of existing sample-free methods fail to integrate (1) the best available data on spatial granular distributions, (2) multi-variable joint distributions, and (3) household level distributions. In this paper, we propose a sample-free approach where synthetic individuals and households directly represent the estimated joint distribution to which attributes are iteratively added, conditioned on previous attributes such that the relative frequencies within each joint group of attributes are maintained and fit granular spatial marginal distributions. In this paper we present our method and test it for the Zuid-West district of The Hague, the Netherlands, showing that spatial, multi-variable and household distributions are accurately reflected in the resulting synthetic population.
Wave-particle duality in the asymmetrical double-slit interference experiments
Authors: Van Thuan Vo , Duc Vinh Vu , Thanh Hung Nguyen , Quang Thieu Dang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

We perform spectral analysis based on suitable theoretical correlations between V-wave visibility and D-particle distinguishability to verify wave-particle duality in the asymmetrical double-slit experiments. The typical interference spectra obtained in a recent experiment ensure the single-photon approximation in the Fraunhofer far-field condition. The results show that our theoretical model following the complementarity principle is not be consistent with the experimental data at the first main minima of the diffraction distribution where unexpected interference was observed
Tropical Isognomonids in the Mediterranean Sea: When the West Atlantic met the Indo-Pacific Region in the South Aegean Sea
Authors: Angelidis Akis , Polyzoulis George , Gubili chrysula 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The introduction and establishment of the bivalves Isognomon bicolor and Isognomon aff. legumen in the South Aegean Sea, specifically on the islands of Chalki and Alimia, marks a significant ecological event. These species, native to different parts of the world, have now been confirmed in the Mediterranean through DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analyses. These methods are crucial for accurate identification within the genus Isognomon, as traditional morphological identification is challenging due to the variable and habitat-dependent shell shapes of these bivalves. Isognomon bicolor is originally from the West Atlantic, while Isognomon aff. legumen hails from the Indo-Pacific region. Their presence in the Mediterranean, specifically in the intertidal and shallow subtidal zones, indicates they have found suitable habitats in their new environment. Over a four-year period of field observations, researchers gathered valuable ecological data, noting the species' habitat preferences and their establishment dynamics. In July 2024, researchers observed the formation of new, extensive dense aggregations, or beds, of the invasive I. bicolor on the coastal rocks of Chalki and Alimia. The formation of these beds is a clear indicator of a progressing invasion, which poses a significant threat to the native ecosystem. The establishment of I. bicolor and I. aff. legumen could disrupt local biodiversity, outcompete native species, and alter the ecological balance in these regions.This situation underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and the use of advanced identification techniques like DNA barcoding to track and manage invasive species. Such efforts are essential to mitigate the impacts of these invasions and protect native marine ecosystems.