bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inégalités entre les ménages dirigés par les hommes et ceux dirigés par les femmes à Ouagadougou : entre déterminisme et spécificités
Authors: Wayack Pambè Madeleine , Moussa Soufianou 
Published: January 2015

Dans cette étude, nous examinons le lien entre le sexe du chef de ménage et la relation à la pauvreté du ménage à Ouagadougou. L’analyse en composantes principales et latwo step cluster analysisont été appliquées aux données du Recensement général de la population et de l’habitat du Burkina Faso de 2006. Elles ont permis de comparer les caractéristiques socioéconomiques du groupe des hommes et du groupe des femmes chefs d’un ménage et de distinguer différents sous-groupes les composant. Les résultats indiquent que les femmes jeunes, actives et célibataires ou mariées affichent la plus grande proximité avec le niveau de vie « élevé ». Le groupe des femmes âgées, inactives et principalement veuves présente les conditions de vie les plus médiocres. Les ménages dirigés par un homme tendent eux à se situer plus au milieu, dans la classe moyenne. La situation des femmes chefs de ménage à Ouagadougou se révèle être à l’intersection de la classe sociale et du cycle de vie.
Responsibility and Intervening Acts: What “Maybin” an Overbroad Approach to Causation
Authors: Skolnik Terry 
Published: January 2015

Oftentimes, a criminal action resulting in the victim’s death is clearly attributable to the accused. In many cases, we can easily say that the accused “caused” the victim’s death. Causation, however, becomes particularly complicated when some type of intervening act occurs between the accused’s initial conduct and the victim’s death, creating speculation about whether it is fair to morally blame the accused for the ensuing result. The Supreme Court of Canada’s relatively recent decision R v Maybin marks a significant attempt to clarify notions related to causation in the criminal law. Although the Court refused to alter conventional principles related to the law of causation, or create a new test to verify when it has been established, it provided two analytical tools which can be used in order to see when it is fair to morally blame the accused for the victim’s death despite an intervening act’s occurrence. As will be seen, although these analytical tools of “reasonable foreseeability” and “independent acts” serve to simplify the law of causation, there are important problems with how each tool has been conceptualized. This article highlights these important shortfalls, and ultimately, questions to what extent these developments in the law of causation affect current conceptions of mens rea.
Antithrombin III Levels and Outcomes Among Patients With Trauma
Authors: Farrell David H. , McConnell Keeley M. , Zilberman-Rudenko Jevgenia , Behrens Brandon , Mcloud Scott , Cook Mackenzie R. , Martin David , Yonge John D. , Underwood Samantha J. , Lape Diane E. , Goodman Andrew , Schreiber Martin A. 
Published: August 2024

ImportancePatients with trauma exhibit a complex balance of coagulopathy manifested by both bleeding and thrombosis. Antithrombin III is a plasma protein that functions as an important regulator of coagulation. Previous studies have found a high incidence of antithrombin III deficiency among patients with trauma.ObjectiveTo assess whether changes in antithrombin III activity are associated with thrombohemorrhagic complications among patients with trauma.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study was conducted from December 2, 2015, to March 24, 2017, at a level I trauma center. A total of 292 patients with trauma were followed up from their arrival through 6 days from admission. Data, including quantification of antithrombin III activity, were collected for these patients. Thromboprophylaxis strategy; hemorrhage, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism screenings; and follow-up evaluations were conducted per institutional protocols. Data analyses were performed from September 28, 2023, to June 4, 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary study outcome measurements were associations between antithrombin III levels and outcomes among patients with trauma, including ventilator-free days, hospital-free days, intensive care unit (ICU)–free days, hemorrhage, venous thromboembolic events, and mortality.ResultsThe 292 patients had a mean (SD) age of 54.4 (19.0) years and included 211 men (72.2%). Patients with an antithrombin III deficiency had fewer mean (SD) ventilator-free days (27.8 [5.1] vs 29.6 [1.4]; P = .0003), hospital-free days (20.3 [8.2] vs 24.0 [5.7]; P = 1.37 × 10−6), and ICU-free days (25.7 [4.9] vs 27.7 [2.3]; P = 9.38 × 10−6) compared with patients without a deficiency. Antithrombin III deficiency was also associated with greater rates of progressive intracranial hemorrhage (21.1% [28 of 133] vs 6.3% [10 of 159]; P = .0003) and thrombocytopenia (24.8% [33 of 133] vs 5.0% [8 of 159]; P = 1.94 × 10−6). Although antithrombin III deficiency was not significantly associated with DVT, patients who developed a DVT had a more precipitous decrease in antithrombin III levels that were significantly lower than patients who did not develop a DVT.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of patients with trauma, antithrombin III deficiency was associated with greater injury severity, increased hemorrhage, and increased mortality, as well as fewer ventilator-free, hospital-free, and ICU-free days. Although this was an associative study, these data suggest that antithrombin III levels may be useful in the risk assessment of patients with trauma.
Fisher's automatic advantage of self‐fertilization does not apply in cleistogamous species
Authors: Cheptou Pierre‐Olivier 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPremiseIn hermaphroditic plants, the evolution of self‐fertilization is driven by two major forces; the cost of outcrossing or Fisher's automatic advantage of selfing and inbreeding depression. Seminal theoretical works have established that an inbreeding depression threshold of 0.5 governs the evolution. Below that threshold, selfing evolves, above that, outcrossing evolves. Does this threshold apply to cleistogamous plants?MethodsI developed a model using a Lloydian approach to analyze the evolution of cleistogamy.ResultsI showed that the inbreeding depression threshold does not apply in cleistogamous species, and that because cleistogamous (closed) flowers do not export pollen, Fisher's advantage of selfing is totally cancelled.ConclusionsIn line with model predictions, I discuss the fact that cleistogamous species often exhibit low inbreeding depression in empirical studies.
Catalytic Activity of an Asymmetric Uranyl‐Salophen on 2,4‐Dichlorophenol, 2,4,6‐Trichlorophenol, and Pentachlorophenol
Authors: Lan Wenbo , Guo Wenlu , Wang Xiaofeng , Nie Changming 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThis study employs density functional theory to investigate whether asymmetric uranyl‐Salophen catalyzes the activation of 2,4‐dichlorophenol, 2,4,6‐trichlorophenol, and pentachlorophenol. Changes in various important parameters such as bond lengths, Wiberg bond indices, infrared vibrational absorption spectra, natural charge distributions, ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra, and 13C NMR chemical shifts of the aromatic rings of chlorophenols before and after forming complexes with asymmetric uranyl‐Salophen are analyzed. This means that asymmetric uranyl‐Salophen indeed activates 2,4‐dichlorophenol, 2,4, 6‐trichlorophenol, and pentachlorophenol, significantly lengthening the aromatic ring bonds of the three chlorophenols and increasing the electrophilicity of the carbon atoms in the aromatic ring. This suggests that the conjugated system of the aromatic ring is also partially disrupted, indicating that these three chlorophenols are indeed catalytically activated. Furthermore, this implies that this asymmetric uranyl‐Salophen may be used to degrade chlorophenols in water.
Mn‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling Reactions of Carboxylic Acids, Diazo Compounds, and Tertiary Amines for the Synthesis of β‐Amino Esters
Authors: Chen Rongxiang , Li Xingshuo , Chen Lanying , Wang Kai‐Kai , Miao Changqing 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTA simple and efficient three‐component coupling reaction of carboxylic acids, diazo compounds, and tertiary amines catalyzed by manganese has been described. This reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions to afford various β‐amino esters in moderate to good yields by using O2 as the terminal oxidant. In this process, Mn‐based carbene radical, single‐electron transfer, and nucleophilic attack were fused into a reaction system.
Emission‐based sensing of cobalt (II) and vitamin B12 via a bis‐indole derivative
Authors: Mumcu Taskin , Oncuoglu Serkan , Hizliates Cevher Gundogdu , Ertekin Kadriye 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, a bis‐indole compound was synthesized, characterized by 1H NMR, Fourier transform infrared, and mass spectroscopic measurements and used as a selective and efficient probe for the spectrofluorimetric analysis of Co (II). The cobalt‐induced quenching in the emission maximum at 567 nm was considered as the analytical signal in calibration studies. When encapsulated in a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix, the bis‐indole compound exhibited a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.60 × 10–11 M for Co (II). Vitamin B12, which contains a cobalt ion in the center of a corrin ring in its structure, was also successfully quantified using the same probe. The bis‐indole compound showed a linear response based on quenching for increasing concentrations of vitamin B12, partially mimicking the contracted tetrapyrrole ring found naturally in the center of vitamin B12. The LOD for vitamin B12 was found to be 76 nm. Promising photophysical properties of the proposed probe, including high molar extinction coefficient, considerable quantum yield (0.46 and 0.64 in tetrahydrofuran and PMMA, respectively), high Stoke's shift and satisfactory photostability, make it a good choice for fluorescence‐based Co (II) determination. The ML3‐type stoichiometry of the complex between the dye and cobalt was elucidated both by Job's method and by high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HR‐MS).
Fluorescent probe based on GO/g‐C3N4‐PEG@Cu NPs/MIP for the detection of dopamine in banana
Authors: Wang Yaru , Pang Chaohai , Ma Xionghui , Wang Mingyue , Wu Xiaopeng , Liu Sixin , Li Shuhuai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) and copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) were incorporated to modulate and enhance the fluorescence properties of pegylated graphite phase carbon nitride (g‐C3N4‐PEG). Combined with the specific recognition capability of a molecular imprinted polymer (MIP), a highly sensitive and selective fluorescent molecular imprinted probe for dopamine detection was developed. The fluorescent g‐C3N4‐PEG was synthesized from melamine and modified with GO and Cu NPs to obtain GO/g‐C3N4‐PEG@Cu NPs. Subsequently, MIP was prepared on the surface of GO/g‐C3N4‐PEG@Cu NPs using dopamine as the template molecule. Upon elution of the template molecule, a dopamine‐specific GO/g‐C3N4‐PEG@Cu NPs/MIP fluorescence probe was obtained. The fluorescence intensity of the probe was quenched through the adsorption of different concentrations of dopamine by the MIP, thus establishing a novel method for the detection of dopamine. The linear range of dopamine detection was from 5 × 10−11 to 6 × 10−8 mol L−1, with a detection limit of 2.32 × 10−11 mol L−1. The sensor was utilised for the detection of dopamine in bananas, achieving a spiked recovery rate between 90.3% and 101.3%. These results demonstrate that the fluorescence molecular imprinted sensor developed in this study offers a highly sensitive approach for dopamine detection in bananas.
Meaningfulness, satisfaction and frustration: The importance of emotions for sustainability change agency
Authors: Onkila Tiina , Reynolds Noelia‐Sarah , Mäkelä Marileena , Koistinen Katariina , Teerikangas Satu , Sarja Milla , Valkjärvi Mira 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChanges in business strategies are necessary to increase sustainability within business organisations, and change agents are key to bringing about and shaping change. Sustainability change agency involves constant reflection on change agents' roles in complex contexts, a process that arouses emotions for those agents. In this study, we assume a contextual view of change to understand how sustainability change agency develops during change processes and the role of emotions in agency behind strategic changes, such as the implementation of a circular economy. The study is based on interviews with 51 circular economy professionals in Finnish business organisations. By analysing key events and emotions in sustainability change agent (SCA) work, the study contributes to the existing research by showing that initiating and managing sustainability strategies consists of multiple unplanned and unexpected emotional events and experiences. These events and experiences shape SCA's ability and motivation to act for change, leading to continual individual‐level reflection by SCAs, manifesting as ideological, reassuring and fragmenting processes within the larger change process. Such reflection maintains, paralyses, enforces or reshapes their agency, depending on the context.
The Influence of Planting Sites on the Chemical Compositions of Chrysanthemum morifolium Flowers (Chuju) as Revealed by Py‐GC/MS Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis
Authors: Wang Xuhui , He Zhen , Zhang Weiwei , Liu Xiaoran , Yu Shijun , Qian Zongyao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChuju, a cultivar of Chrysanthemum morifolium, has been traditionally cultivated for over 2000 years in China for both ornamental and medicinal purposes. To date, investigations into the chemical composition of this plant have indicated that it contains compounds with extensive biological activities, although detailed information on the chemical composition of Chuju remains scarce. In the present study, the chemical compositions of Chuju flowers were investigated across five sites in the core Chuju planting area in Anhui province, China. Analytical pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py–GC/MS) was used to explore variations in flower chemical fingerprints from different Chuju planting sites. The study identified approximately 200 components in Chuju flowers and stems, including high levels of fatty acids, lipids, polysaccharides and terpenoids. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that 16 chemical compounds were influential determinants of the chemical fingerprint and could be used to distinguish two clusters in the five core planting areas. The established Py‐GC/MS analytical workflow could provide a basis for determining the chemical fingerprints of Chuju and help elucidate that products contain a reproducible content of bioactive compounds and overall quality for potential development of health and medicinal purposes.
Eugenia Pohliana Leaves Essential Oil Inhibits Fungal Virulence and Restores Antibiotic Efficacy in Multidrug‐Resistant Bacterial Strains
Authors: da Costa Silva José Thyálisson , Almeida Menezes Saulo , Pereira da Cruz Rafael , Cortez Sombra Vandesmet Lilian , Tereza dos Santos Correia Maria , da Silva Márcia Vanusa , Luiz Silva Pereira Raimundo , Figueirêdo dos Santos Marcos Aurélio , Rodrigues Costa Adrielle , da Silva Viviane Bezerra , Gregorio de Oliveira Maraiza , Walber Gonçalves Castro José , Augusta de Sousa Fernandes Priscilla , da Silva Júnior Evandro G. , Douglas Melo Coutinho Henrique , Mariana Gonçalves Lima Clara , Flaviana Bezerra Morais‐Braga Maria , Weverton Almeida‐Bezerra José 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the essential oil from leaves of Eugenia pohliana (EOEP) in regard to its chemical composition, antimicrobial and drug‐enhancing activity, as well as the reduction of fungal virulence capacity. Chemical characterization using GC‐MS showed as major components the sesquiterpenes δ‐cadinene, Epi‐α‐Muurolol, and bicyclogermacrene. The results of antibacterial tests indicated that Staphylococcus aureus was more sensitive to EOEP, that also enhanced the efficacy of gentamicin, erythromycin, and norfloxacin. EOEP exhibited antifungal properties against Candida albicans, in addition to potentiating the effectiveness of fluconazole against Candida tropicalis. It showed anti‐virulence effects in all fungal strains. These findings underscore E. pohliana as a potential candidate for the prospection of novel therapeutic agents to treat infectious diseases caused by resistant microbes.
Exploring Cheura [Diploknema Butyracea (Roxb.) H. J. Lam]: Unveiling its Ethnomedicinal Heritage, Phytochemical Composition, Pharmacological Properties, and Innovative Applications
Authors: Anand Abhishek , Maheshwari Drishti , Singh Jangwan Nitish , Kumar Anoop , Kumar Jain Gaurav , Tewari Devesh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDiploknema butyracea (Roxb) H.J Lam, also referred as “Kalpavriksha”, is commonly known as Gophal, Cheura, or Indian butter tree. It is a deciduous tree with straight trunks of 15–20 m in height and white‐yellow‐coloured fragile flowers with fragrance, found at altitudes of 300–1500 m in the sub‐Himalayan region of India, China, Nepal, and Bhutan. Diploknema have 11 taxa and 8 species, out of which 3 species are found in Uttarakhand hills, Sikkim, Darjeeling, Arunachal Pradesh, and Assam. The tree holds significant economic importance, serving various purposes within ethnic communities. Its high lipid content makes it valuable for food, medicine, construction, and the production of various value‐added products. The ethno‐pharmacological applications encompass treating rheumatism, burns, asthma, and various skin conditions. The plant's different components—bark, leaves, flowers, seeds, and fruits—contain a diverse array of phytoconstituents, including alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, and palmitic acid, along with essential nutrients like sodium, calcium, potassium, iron, magnesium, zinc, and various sugars which shows diverse pharmacological and therapeutic activities. Beyond traditional uses, Diploknema is important for diverse industrial application in pharmaceuticals, confectionery, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics. Present paper is an attempt to understand comprehensive details on different aspects of this plant to explore new avenues for various value‐added products.
Using a customized telescoped stent complex in the percutaneous treatment of a residual superior sinus venosus defect
Authors: Mejia Ernesto , Leahy Ryan A. , Zablah Jenny E. , Morgan Gareth J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe management of superior sinus venosus defects (SVD) via transcatheter covered stent (CS) placement is becoming an acceptable alternative to open heart surgery. Though the medium‐term success of this procedure has been described, residual shunting from damage to the covering of the implanted stents, use of stents which are too short and unanticipated shortening of stents may result in immediate or short‐term procedural failure. In such cases, placement of a second CS may be required to address a residual defect. Preprocedural prediction of the length of stent required for residual leak treatment may not be as accurate as predicting the required stent length in a native defect, meaning that compassionate use applications to facilitate acquiring non‐standard stent and balloon combinations may not be practical. We present a successful case of residual SVD closure using a novel sutured telescoping stent technique. Further collaboration with industry should encourage regulatory approval of longer CS, to mitigate the need for potentially unpredictable modifications such as this.
Assessing the influence of extrusion processing on functional properties and phytochemical profiles in diverse rice bran varieties
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Singh Narpinder 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to assess the functional and phytochemical characteristics, as well as the antioxidant properties, of bran from five distinct rice varieties. Additionally, it evaluated the impact of extrusion cooking on the composition and quantity of individual phytochemicals in both free and bound states in the bran of these varieties.FindingsThe functional properties and phytochemical profiles of raw and extruded rice bran from different rice varieties differed significantly. The extrusion process significantly influenced the color, protein solubility, foaming properties, polyphenolics, and amino acid composition of rice bran. Total phenolics ranged from 3.18 to 4.80 mg GAE/g, increased by 12.6%–17% postextrusion. Similarly, total flavonoid content ranged from 15.22 to 17.37 mg RTE/100 g, with a 30%–33% increase after extrusion cooking. Throughout the extrusion process, a rise in the concentration of free phenolics accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of bound phenolics was observed.ConclusionThe study revealed the impact of extrusion cooking on the distribution of total phytochemicals, particularly phenolics and flavonoids, and the levels of antioxidant activity in free and bound phenolics, as well as amino acid composition and functional properties. The extrusion cooking increased levels of free phenolics and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl activity, while bound forms decreased. Extrusion cooking variably impacted the functionality and phytochemical content of bran from different rice varieties, thus influencing their likely applications.Significance and NoveltyThis study established the foundation for producing food products using extruded rice bran, offering health benefits and meeting the growing demand in the functional food sector.
A Survey of Reaction Energetics for Diverse Small Molecule Activation: Where Do Molecular Electrocatalysts Go From Here?
Authors: Sonea Ana , Warren Jeffrey J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe invention of technologies that can activate, transform, and upgrade small molecules is a significant challenge. The starting point for many such technologies is molecular catalysts. Their well‐defined active sites, multitude of tools to characterize their reactions, and their synthetic flexibility makes such molecules logical starting points. However, it is increasingly clear that challenges exist in the applications of molecular catalysts at the scales needed to address modern chemical and energy demands. In this review, we discuss selected classes of molecular electrocatalysts and highlight their development and key features. Of special interest are proton‐coupled transformations of H2, O2, N2, CO2, and related small molecules. We also frame important thermodynamic features for different catalysts using new approaches and ask forward looking questions about their applications in practical systems.