bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics, therapy, and outcome of rare functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Albers Max B. , Sevcik Martina , Wiese Dominik , Manoharan Jerena , Rinke Anja , Jesinghaus Moritz , Bartsch Detlef K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms other than insulinomas and gastrinomas (rf-pNENs) are exceptionally rare tumours. Thus, their characteristics and long-term prognosis have not been well defined. This article aims to present data and experience from a single institution concerning this topic. Twelve of 216 (5.5%) patients with pNENs operated between 2002 and 2022 in the ENETS Centre of Excellence Marburg had rf-pNENs and their data were retrospectively analysed. We identified three vasoactive intestinal polypeptide producing pNENs, four glucagonomas and five calcitoninomas. The tumour could be visualised by preoperative imaging in all 12 patients, and six patients had distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. The tumour was located in the pancreatic tail in nine patients and the median tumour size was 82 (range 12–220) mm. Eleven patients underwent tumour resections (two robotic, nine conventional), nine of which were R0. After a median follow-up of 75 (range 1–247) months, six patients were alive, five of whom had no evidence of disease. All patients who remained disease-free had an initial R0 resection of the primary tumour and no initial liver involvement. This study sheds light on the distinct characteristics and outcomes of these exceedingly rare tumours, offering insights for improved understanding and management.
Fabrication of multifunctional ZnO@tannic acid nanoparticles embedded in chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol blend packaging film
Authors: Sultan Maha , Youssef Ahmed , Baseer Rasha A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe current study explores biodegradable packaging materials that have high food quality assurance, as food deterioration is mostly caused by UV degradation and oxidation, which can result in bad flavor and nutrition shortages. Thus, new multifunctional zinc oxide nanoparticles/tannic acid (ZnO@TA) with antioxidant and antibacterial activities were incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan (PVA/CH) composite films with different ratios (1%, 3%, and 5% based on the total dry weight of the film) via a solution blending method in a neutral aqueous solution. Additionally, ZnO nanoparticles have unique antibacterial mechanisms through the generation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may lead to intensify pathogen resistance to conventional antibacterial agents. Thus, minimizing the negative effects caused by excessive levels of ROS may be possible by developing unique, multifunctional ZnO nanoparticles with antioxidant potential via coordination bond between tannic acid and ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO@TA). ZnO@TA nanoparticles were examined using Fourier-transform infrared(FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of the incorporation of ZnO@TA nanoparticles on the barrier, mechanical, thermal, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and UV blocking characteristics of chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (ZnO@TA@CH/PVA) films was investigated. The lowest water vapor and oxygen permeability and the maximum antioxidant capacity% are 31.98 ± 1.68 g mm/m2 kPa day, 0.144 ± 5.03 × 10–2 c.c/m2.day, and 69.35 ± 1.6%, respectively, which are related to ZnO@TA(50)@CH/PVA. Furthermore, ZnO@TA(50)@CH/PVA film exhibits the maximum UV shielding capacity of UVB (99.994). ZnO@TA(50) @PVA/CH films displayed better tensile strength and Young`s modulus of 48.72 ± 0.23 MPa and 2163.46 ± 61.4 MPa, respectively, than the other film formulations. However, elongation % at break exhibited the most reduced value of 19.62 ± 2.3%. ZnO@TA@CH/PVA film exhibits the largest inhibition zones of 11 ± 1.0, 12.3 ± 0.57, and 13.6 ± 0.57 mm againstStaphylococcus aureus,Aspergillus flavus, andCandida albicans, respectively. In accordance with these results, ZnO@TA@CH/PVA films could be utilized for food preservation for the long-term.
Impact of sampling depth on CO$$_{2}$$ flux estimates
Authors: Azevedo Cátia C. , González-Dávila Melchor , Santana-Casiano J. Magdalena , González-Santana David , Caldeira Rui M. A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe exchange of trace gases between the atmosphere and the ocean plays a key role in the Earth’s climate. Fluxes at the air-sea interface are affected mainly by wind blowing over the ocean and seawater temperature and salinity changes. This study aimed to quantify the use of CO$$_{2}$$

2

partial pressure (pCO$$_{2}$$

2

) measurements at different depths (1, 5, and 10 m) in ocean surface layers to determine CO$$_{2}$$

2

fluxes (FCO$$_{2}$$

2

) and to investigate the impacts of wind-sheltered and wind-exposed regions on the carbon budget. Vertical profiles of temperature, salinity, and pCO$$_{2}$$

2

were considered during a daily cycle. pCO$$_{2}$$

2

profiles exhibited relatively high values during sunny hours, associated with relatively high sea temperatures. However, the largest FCO$$_{2}$$

2

corresponded with higher wind speeds. Estimated fluxes between measurements at 1 and 10 m depths decreased by 71% in the sheltered region and 44% in the exposed region. According to the SOCAT dataset, at a depth of 5 m, the Atlantic basin emits approximately 0.29 Tg month$$^{-1}$$

-
1

of CO$$_{2}$$

2

to the atmosphere; nevertheless, our estimates suggest that FCO$$_{2}$$

2

at the surface is 12.02 Tg month$$^{-1}$$

-
1

, which is 97.6% greater than that at 5 m depth. Therefore, future studies should consider sampling depth to adequately estimate the FCO$$_{2}$$

2

.
Phenotypic diversity in qualitative and quantitative traits for selection of high yield potential field pea genotypes
Authors: Azam Mohammad Golam , Sarker Umakanta , Hossain Mohammad Amir , Mahabubul Alam A. K. M. , Islam Mohammad Rafiqul , Hossain Nazmul , Alamri Saud 
Published: August 2024

AbstractField pea (Pisum sativum L.) needs improvement to increase productivity due to its high price and demand. However, the incidence of powdery mildew (PM) disease limits its production. This study aimed to analyze the diversity of qualitative and quantitative traits against powdery mildew resistance by utilizing cluster and principal component analysis to explore PM resistance high-yield potential field peas. Shannon–Weaver's diversity index (Hʹ) displayed high intra-genotype diversity for quantitative and qualitative aspects. Heterogeneity was identified for resistance against powdery mildew infections. Eighty-five genotypes were divided into five groups using Mohalanobis generalized distance (D2) statistics. The highest inter-cluster D2 value was observed between clusters 2 and 3 (11.89) while the lowest value was found between clusters 3 and 4 (2.06). Most of the genotypes had noticeable differences, so these could be employed in a crossing scheme. Twelve genotypes were extremely resistant, 29 genotypes were resistant, 25 genotypes were moderately resistant, 18 genotypes were fairly susceptible, and 1 genotype was susceptible to powdery mildew disease. Among 29 resistant genotypes, BFP77, BFP74, BFP63, BFP62, BFP43, and BFP80 were high yielders and, could be used directly and/or transferred through hybridization to high-yielding disease-susceptible genotypes. Among the 25 moderately resistant genotypes, BFP78, BFP45, BFP79, and BFP48 were found to be high yielders. In principal component analysis (PCA), the first four PCs with Eigen values > 1 accounted for 88.4% variability for quantitative traits. Clustering sorted genotypes into five groups, where groups 1 to 5 assembled 37, 28, 1, 8, and 11 genotypes, respectively. Genotypes of cluster 4 were identified as high yielders with its attributes. Pearson correlation significantly and positively correlated across all traits except for PM. This variation suggested that there is a mechanism to select promising genotypes for field pea breeding. Considering all features, BFP78, BFP77, BFP74, BFP63, BFP62, BFP45, BFP79, and BFP80 could be preferred as high yielders and PM resistance owing to longer pod lengths, seeds per pod and pods per plant.
Modeling and predicting meat yield and growth performance using morphological features of narrow-clawed crayfish with machine learning techniques
Authors: Gültepe Yasemin , Berber Selçuk , Gültepe Nejdet 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn recent studies, artificial intelligence and machine learning methods give higher accuracy than other prediction methods in large data sets with complex structures. Instead of statistical methods, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are used due to the difficulty of constructing mathematical models in multi-parameter and multivariate problems. In this study, predictions of length–weight relationships and meat productivity were generated by machine learning models using measurement data of male and female crayfish in the narrow-clawed crayfish population living in Apolyont Lake. The data set was created using the growth performance and morphometric characters from 1416 crayfish in different years to determine the length–weight relationship and length-meat yield. Statistical methods, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are used due to the difficulty of constructing mathematical models in multi-parameter and multivariate problems. The analysis results show that most models designed as an alternative to traditional estimation methods in future planning studies in sustainable fisheries, aquaculture, and natural sources management are valid for machine learning and artificial intelligence. Seven different machine learning algorithms were applied to the data set and the length–weight relationships and length-meat yields were evaluated for both male and female individuals. Support vector regression (SVR) has achieved the best prediction performance accuracy with 0.996 and 0.992 values for the length–weight of males and females, with 0.996 and 0.995 values for the length-meat yield of males and females. The results showed that the SVR outperforms the others for all scenarios regarding the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity metrics.
Tuning the ground state of cuprate superconducting thin films by nanofaceted substrates
Authors: Mirarchi Giovanni , Arpaia Riccardo , Wahlberg Eric , Bauch Thilo , Kalaboukhov Alexei , Caprara Sergio , Di Castro Carlo , Grilli Marco , Lombardi Floriana , Seibold Götz 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnisotropic transport properties have been assessed in a number of cuprate superconductors, providing evidence for a nematic state. We have recently shown that in ultra-thin YBa2Cu3O7−δ films, where nematicity is induced via strain engineering, there is a suppression of charge density wave scattering along the orthorhombic a-axis and a concomitant enhancement of strange metal behavior along the b-axis. Here we develop a microscopic model, that is based on the strong interaction between the substrate facets and the thin film, to account for the unconventional phenomenology. Based on the atomic force microscopy imaging of the substrates’ surface, the model is able to predict the absence (presence) of nematicity and the resulting transport properties in films grown on SrTiO3 (MgO) substrates. Our result paves the way to new tuning capabilities of the ground state of high-temperature superconductors by substrate engineering.
[18F]FSPG-PET provides an early marker of radiotherapy response in head and neck squamous cell cancer
Authors: Sambasivan Khrishanthne , Tyrrell Will E. , Farooq Rizwan , Mynerich Jenasee , Edwards Richard S. , Tanc Muhammet , Urbano Teresa Guerrero , Witney Timothy H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe ability to image early treatment response to radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) will enable the identification of radioresistant tumor volumes suitable for treatment intensification. Here, we propose the system xc− radiotracer (4S)-4-(3-[18F]fluoropropyl)-L-glutamate ([18F]FSPG) as a non-invasive method to monitor radiation response in HNSCC. We assessed temporal changes in cell death, antioxidant status, and [18F]FSPG retention following a single dose of 10 Gy irradiation in FaDU HNSCC cells. Next, using a fractionated course of radiotherapy, we assessed tumor volume changes and performed [18F]FSPG-PET imaging in FaDU-bearing mouse xenografts, followed by ex vivo response assessment. In cells, 10 Gy irradiation reduced [18F]FSPG retention, coinciding with the induction of apoptosis and the production of reactive oxygen species. In vivo, [18F]FSPG tumor retention was halved seven days after the start of treatment, which preceded radiotherapy-induced tumor shrinkage, thereby confirming [18F]FSPG-PET as an early and sensitive marker of radiation response.
Evidence for ~12-h ultradian gene programs in humans
Authors: Zhu Bokai , Liu Silvia , David Natalie L. , Dion William , Doshi Nandini K. , Siegel Lauren B. , Amorim Tânia , Andrews Rosemary E. , Kumar G. V. Naveen , Li Hanwen , Irfan Saad , Pesaresi Tristan , Sharma Ankit X. , Sun Michelle , Fazeli Pouneh K. , Steinhauser Matthew L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMice and many marine organisms exhibit ~12-h ultradian rhythms, however, direct evidence of ~12-h ultradian rhythms in humans is lacking. Here, we performed prospective, temporal transcriptome profiling of peripheral white blood cells from three healthy humans. All three participants independently exhibited robust ~12-h transcriptional rhythms in molecular programs involved in RNA and protein metabolism, with strong homology to circatidal gene programs previously identified in Cnidarian marine species.
Cobalt-promoted Zn encapsulation within silicalite-1 for oxidative propane dehydrogenation with CO2 by microwave catalysis at low temperature
Authors: Nie Fangui , Sun Hongyang , Li Tianyi , You Zhimin , Zhou Jicheng , Xu Wentao 
Published: August 2024

CO2-ODHP is an attractive process that can simultaneously produce propylene and reduce CO2. Microwave catalysis significantly improves propane dehydrogenation performance at low temperatures with high conversion and excellent selectivity.
Frequency regulation controller for multi‐area interconnected power system
Authors: Malek Sajjad , Khodabakhshian Amin , Hooshmand Rahmat‐Allah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBy increasing the number of electric vehicles (EVs) to achieve a less carbon environment, not only they consume power from the grid to be charged, but also do they deliver power to the grid, and this can play a significant role in load frequency control. However, EVs take part in frequency regulation based on their state of charge (SoC) which will cause uncertainties. In order to manage these uncertainties, EV aggregator (EVA) concept has been introduced. The EV owner participates in the demand response program provided by the EVA arbitrarily considering her/his requirements. Accordingly, EVA calculates the up and down power reserve for the power system operator. Following any frequency deviation, EVA sends the proper commands to each EV to consume or to inject power to the system. There are also communication delays between different parts, uncertainties, and non‐linearities that existed in the power system. To overcome these issues, this study proposes a new robust load frequency controller based on feedback theory and artificial neural network which is designed through the non‐linear multi‐machine power system. Simulation results on IEEE 39‐bus power system show that the proposed controller regulates frequency more desirably in comparison with other methods.
Swarm‐intelligence‐based coordinated control of electric heatings for voltage stabilization with zero communication burden
Authors: Qi Qi , Guo Haobo , Yang Xueying , Zhang Deying , Ai Xin , Qi Bing , Fu Yu , Li Yue 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe movement towards electrification is entailing deep changes in power systems. On the demand side, the adoption of electric heating (EH) has grown rapidly in recent years. To eliminate the voltage fluctuations caused by the random switching‐on/‐off behaviors of EHs in some application scenes with special‐power‐line in low voltage distribution networks (LVDNs), a swarm‐intelligence‐based coordinated control approach of EHs for voltage stabilization with zero communication burden while guaranteeing the users’ thermal comforts is researched. A novel bird‐perch‐on‐branch (BPB) ‐based swarm intelligence theory is proposed, which reveals the mapping relation between local observations and global states. On this theoretical basis, a multi‐agent reinforcement learning (MARL) framework is developed for the coordinated dispatch of EHs, where the deep‐Q‐network (DQN) algorithm is adopted to learn and generate the optimal control policy for each EH. The implementation of the proposed MADQN‐BPB approach is described based on the principle of centralized‐training and decentralized‐execution. Comparative control performances of MADQN‐BPB with a commercially available approach, and the global optimal solution are evaluated. Simulation results verify the capability of MADQN‐BPB in voltage stabilization with zero communication burden. Its control performance is close to that of the global optimal solution, and is scalable to the variations of environment.
Enhanced motorway capacity estimation considering the impact of vehicle length on the fundamental diagram
Authors: Giesen Loo Erik , Corbally Robert , Feely Lewis , O'Sullivan Andrew 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe ability to understand the underlying fundamentals of traffic flow behaviour facilitates improved planning and decision‐making for road operators. This paper presents an overview of the various models which can be used to describe the interaction between the different parameters governing traffic flows. 5‐years of measured data from Ireland's M50 motorway are used to demonstrate the application of traffic flow theory using real data, and a detailed investigation of factors affecting the fundamental traffic behaviour is presented. The road capacity is shown to be impacted by different traffic behaviour during morning and evening‐peak periods, during dry vs. wet weather conditions and between lanes on the approach to junctions. It is demonstrated that the mean vehicle length is an important factor to consider when using traffic flow models. A novel 3‐dimensional fundamental diagram model linking mean vehicle speed, mean vehicle length, and density is introduced which enhances capacity estimation and illustrates the importance of considering vehicle length when using the fundamental diagram to interpret traffic flows and estimate the capacity of the motorway.
Confronting sparse Gaia DR3 photometry with TESS for a sample of around 60 000 OBAF-type pulsators
Authors: Hey Daniel , Aerts Conny 
Published: August 2024

Context. The Gaia mission has delivered hundreds of thousands of variable star light curves in multiple wavelengths. Recent work demonstrates that these light curves can be used to identify (non-)radial pulsations in OBAF-type stars, despite their irregular cadence and low light curve precision, of the order of a few millimagnitudes. With the considerably more precise TESS photometry, we revisited these candidate pulsators to conclusively ascertain the nature of their variability.
Aims. We seek to re-classify the Gaia light curves with the first two years of TESS photometry for a sample of 58 970 p- and g-mode pulsators, encompassing γ Dor, δ Scuti, slowly pulsating B, and β Cep variables. From the TESS data, we seek to assess the quality of Gaia’s classification of non-radial pulsators, which is based on sparse, years-long light curves of millimagnitude precision. We also supply four new catalogues containing the confirmed pulsators, along with their dominant and secondary pulsation frequencies, the number of independent mode frequencies, and a ranking according to their usefulness for future asteroseismic ensemble analysis.
Methods. We first analysed the TESS light curves independent of their Gaia classification by pre-whitening all dominant pulsation modes down to a 1% false alarm probability. Using this, in combination with a feature-based random forest classifier, we identified different variability types across the sample.
Results. We find that the Gaia photometry is exceptionally accurate for detecting the dominant and secondary frequencies, reaching approximately 80% accuracy in frequency for p- and g-mode pulsators. The majority of Gaia classifications are consistent with the classifications from the TESS data, illustrating the power of the low-cadence Gaia photometry for pulsation studies. We find that the sample of g-mode pulsators forms a continuous group of variable stars along the main sequence across B, A, and F spectral types, implying that the mode excitation mechanisms for all these pulsators need to be updated with improved physics. Finally, we provide a rank-ordered table of pulsators according to their asteroseismic potential for follow-up studies, based on the number of sectors they have been observed in, their classification probability, and the number of independent modes found in the TESS light curves from the nominal mission.
Conclusions. Our catalogue offers a major increase in the number of confirmed g-mode pulsators with an identified dominant mode suitable for follow-up TESS ensemble asteroseismology of such stars.
MRT bei kindlichen Kopfschmerzen
Authors: Marie Anders Rebecca , Roth Christian 
Published: August 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBei einem primären Kopfschmerz ist eine Bildgebung in der Regel nicht indiziert. Darunter fallen u. a. Migräne und Spannungskopfschmerzen, mit typischer Symptomatik. In solchen Fällen ist in der MRT-Bildgebung mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit kein pathologischer Befund zu erwarten.Kopfschmerzen, die nicht in diese Kategorie fallen, können sogenannte sekundäre Kopfschmerzen mit einer dem Kopfschmerz zugrundeliegenden Pathologie sein, die dann häufig auch im MRT sichtbar ist. Hierzu zählen z. B. atypische Kopfschmerzen, die sehr plötzlich aufgetreten sind oder in deren Verlauf sich relevante Veränderungen beobachten ließen. Andere, sogenannte “red flags”, die zu einer MRT-Abklärung führen sollten, sind neurologische Symptome, die den Kopfschmerz begleiten, wie auch afebrile Krampfanfälle oder Papillenveränderungen (Stauungspapille).Ein dabei auftretendes relevantes Problem sind inzidentelle Befunde in der MRT-Bildgebung, wie unspezifische Gliosen oder venöse Anomalien (DVA). Diese haben meistens keinen Zusammenhang mit Kopfschmerzen, führen aber – wenn einmal beschrieben – zu Beunruhigung. Eine ausführliche und gute Kommunikation über solche, meist harmlosen Befunde ist notwendig, schon vor der Untersuchung im Aufklärungsgespräch. Folgeuntersuchungen sind dann – wenn klinisch vertretbar – zu vermeiden.Manche anhaltenden Kopfschmerzen verunsichern aber Kinder und Eltern so stark, dass nur aus diesem Grunde eine MRT-Bildgebung erwogen wird. Beunruhigung allein – ohne die genannten red flags – ist aber keine ausreichende medizinische Indikation. Die Durchführung solcher MRT-Untersuchungen ist daher umstritten. Eine generelle Ablehnung solcher Untersuchungen ist in der Praxis aber kaum zu realisieren, Kinderarzt und Kinderradiologe werden hier weiter mit einer Indikationsgrauzone leben müssen.