bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the impact of stochastic vehicle arrivals to optimal stop spacing and headway for a feeder bus route
Authors: Zhao Liuhui , Chien Steven I. 
Published: April 2014

SummaryStop spacing and service frequency (i.e., the inverse of headway) are key elements in transit service planning. The trade‐offs between increasing accessibility and reducing travel time, which affect transit system performance, need to be carefully evaluated. The objective of this study is to optimize stop spacing and headway for a feeder bus route, considering the relationship between the variance of inter‐arrival time (VIAT), which yields the minimum total cost (including user and operator costs). A solution algorithm, called successive substitution, is adapted to efficiently search for the optimal solutions. In a numerical example, the developed model is applied to planning a feeder bus route in Newark, New Jersey. The results indicate that the optimal stop spacing should be longer that those suggested by previous studies where the impact of VIAT was ignored. Reducing VIAT via certain operational control strategies (i.e., holding/stop‐skipping, transit signal priority) may shorten stop spacing and improve accessibility. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Fresh Approach to Context Influence, Development and Performance in Environmental Management
Authors: Llach Josep , Alonso‐Almeida Maria Del Mar , García‐Castellví Antoni , Bagur‐Femenias Llorenç 
Published: April 2014

AbstractRespect for the environment has rapidly gained importance in the context of firms, regardless of their pollution levels. Most of the existing research has related to the most polluting sectors and has been limited to the effect that the adoption of cleaner practices has on performance, primarily in terms of operations, financial performance and competitiveness. This paper expands the research towards a more complete picture of environmental management by examining context, development and performance to understand how other factors can influence the development of cleaner practices. In addition, we focus our research on the service sector. In our analysis, we differentiated between the affiliation and size of the studied companies to better understand their specificities. Based on a sample of 374 restaurants, the results show the importance of the influence of institutions and the limited influence of competitors in encouraging firms to adopt a strategic, clean approach, especially for the smallest firms. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Integrating Strategic Carbon Management into Formal Evaluation of Environmental Supplier Development Programs
Authors: Dou Yijie , Zhu Qinghua , Sarkis Joseph 
Published: April 2014

AbstractIncreasing global environmental pressures from regulators, markets and communities have caused focal companies in supply chains to recognize the significance of environmentally conscious management. Greener supply chains are part of this recognition. Environmental supplier development is a valuable and viable strategy for greening supply chains. However, low carbon management is rarely explored in supplier development. Further, formal tools and models for focal companies to evaluate environmental supplier development programs (ESDPs) considering low carbon management and their effect on supplier performance improvement are limited. To help address these gaps in the literature, this paper proposes a portfolio evaluation model for ESDPs that consider three types of supplier performance: traditional operational factors, traditional environmental factors and low carbon management factors. This model applies the fuzzy scoring method to measure the effect of ESDPs on supplier performance, and uses fuzzy DEMATEL to examine the cause–effect interrelationships among the ESDPs. Subsequently, a real world example is used to demonstrate the application of the portfolio model and provide insights into environmental supplier development evaluation, followed by discussions of case application results. This paper concludes with directions for further research. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Corporate Environmental Strategies Towards Sustainable Development
Authors: Mårtensson Kjell , Westerberg Karin 
Published: April 2014

AbstractMany companies have adopted some form of environmental programme to manage their relationship with nature. However, a company's environmental achievements tend to be disconnected from its general operations; consequently, these achievements are ineffective. The purpose of this article is to employ a conceptual approach to explore ways to compose effective corporate environmental strategies. From a resource perspective, the flow of material, knowledge and experiences, relationships, communication, and cooperation and control are discussed as strategy aspects central to an effective environmental strategy. Using these five strategy aspects we show how three different strategies with different contents and directions can be assembled. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Determinants of credit card debt: Differentiating between revolving credit debt and petty installment loan in China
Authors: Wang Lili , Malhotra Naresh K. , Lu Wei 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTThis research explores the determinants of the probability of having credit debt, as well as the determinants of the severity of credit card debt. Credit card debt includes revolving credit debt and petty installment loan. The severity of credit card debt was measured by the duration of revolving credit debt and the amount of petty installment loans. Analysis of behavioral data from a Chinese commercial bank showed a significant difference between the determinants of the probability of having credit card debt and the determinants of the severity of credit card debt. Specifically, credit limit, gender, length of ownership of a credit card, and the total credit card expenditure were closely related to the likelihood of having revolving credit debt and to the duration of revolving credit debt. However, age, the square of age, credit ranking, and risk ranking were significantly correlated with the likelihood of having revolving credit debt rather than the duration of revolving credit debt. Credit card balance had a special influence on the duration of revolving credit debt. Compared with revolving credit debt, petty installment loan had few significantly related factors. Both age and the square of age could significantly predict both the likelihood of having petty installment loan and amount of petty installment loan. Credit ranking, risk ranking, and gender predicted the likelihood of having petty installment loan but did not correlate with the amount of petty installment loan. The frequency of petty installment use was closely related to the amount of petty installment loan. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of attitudinal ambivalence on weight loss decisions: Consequences and mitigating factors
Authors: Bui My , Droms Courtney M. , Craciun Georgiana 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTThis research takes a new look at individuals' attitudes and intentions towards losing weight. Study 1 examines the relationship among those interested in losing weight and individual self‐evaluative ambivalence on attitude towards trying to achieve a weight loss goal and the intentions to achieve the weight loss goal. For Study 2, a between‐subjects experimental design, where attitudinal ambivalence and prior outcome feedback were manipulated and self‐efficacy was measured, is conducted to examine attitude towards eating healthier and intention to change eating behaviours. Findings across the two studies show that attitudinal ambivalence about the self and the individual's abilities and motivation to change the health behaviour produces a negative relationship between health‐related attitudes and intentions. We provide implications of how self‐efficacy and the provision of outcome feedback can alleviate the negative effect and improve the individuals' intentions to try to achieve a weight loss goal. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of the Energy Demand of Batch Rectification Using a New Training Simulator
Authors: Kuntzsch Stefan , Winterhalter Mathias , Hass Volker C. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractDer Energiebedarf der batch‐Rektifikation ist in hohem Maß von der gewählten Prozessführungsstrategie und ihrer Umsetzung durch die Anlagenfahrer abhängig. Mithilfe eines neuen volldynamischen Trainingssimulators können verschiedene parametrisierbare Prozessführungsstrategien entwickelt und direkt im Simulator getestet werden. Die Auswirkungen von Rücklaufverhältnis und Heizleistung auf den Energiebedarf wurden untersucht und quantifiziert. Der Einfluss von Variablen der Ablaufsteuerung, wie der Heizrate und des Startvolumens in der Siedeblase, auf den Energiebedarf wurden analysiert.
Use of Cascaded Option Trees in Chemical‐Engineering Process Development
Authors: Bednarz Andreas , Rüngeler Bettina , Pfennig Andreas 
Published: April 2014

AbstractFast and efficient procedures are increasingly important in process development since the time frame between development and market entry is reduced. The evaluation of alternatives is time consuming, but especially important to assure the choice of the optimal process. A simple and fast method to speed up process development while considering numerous alternatives has been developed using option trees. The option trees allow for easy and comprehensible evaluation of alternatives. Here the method of cascaded option trees is illustrated for the development of a biocompatible separation process.
With Dynamic High Pressure Treatment Towards a Quasi‐Continuous Inactivation of Microorganisms
Authors: Ebel Nina , Hainthaler Markus , Izydor Marika , Schlücker Eberhard 
Published: April 2014

AbstractDie Behandlung von Fluiden mit statischem Hochdruck stellt eine schonende Alternative zu konventionellen Entkeimungsprozessen dar. Allerdings handelt es sich um einen kostenintensiven Prozess, dessen Anwendung derzeit auf hochwertige Erzeugnisse limitiert ist. Der Einsatz von dynamischem Hochdruck ermöglicht dagegen eine effizientere Schädigung der Mikroorganismen. Zudem ergibt sich ein quasi‐kontinuierlicher Prozessablauf, wenn die drucklosen Prozessphasen zur Förderung von Fluiden genutzt werden, wodurch die Hochdruckinaktivierung für ein breites Produktspektrum interessant wird.
Organic Solvent Nanofiltration – Challenges and Approaches of an Innovative Membrane Separation Process
Authors: Schmidt Patrick , Micovic Jovana , Lutze Philip , Górak Andrzej 
Published: April 2014

AbstractDie Kopplung innovativer Trenntechnologien mit konventionellen verfahrenstechnischen Grundoperationen besitzt ein großes Potential, um den Lösungsmittel‐ und Energiebedarf zu verbessern. Ein Beispiel ist die organophile Nanofiltration, ein druckgetriebenes Membrantrennverfahren, das in organischen Lösungsmitteln eingesetzt werden kann. Die Herausforderungen liegen insbesondere im konzeptionellen und detaillierten Prozessentwurf. In dieser Arbeit wurden verschiedene Werkzeuge entwickelt, in einem fünfschrittigen Arbeitsschema zusammengefasst und anhand eines Fallbeispiels veranschaulicht.
Sidearm as a Control in the Asymmetric Ring Opening Reaction of Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropane
Authors: Kang Qikai , Wang Lijia , Zheng Zhongbo , Li Junfang , Tang Yong 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA new type of trisoxazoline and bisthiazoline based ligands have been developed,which are absent of chiral motif on the parent skeleton and containa chiral backbone on sidearm. The ligands promote the amine nucleophilic ring opening reaction of 1,1‐cyclopropane diesters smoothly, furnishing the γ‐amino acid derivatives in high yield with moderate to good enantioselectivity.
An Efficient and Simple Method for Stereoselective Synthesis of N‐Substituted Iminosugars from D‐Xylose Derivative
Authors: Zhang Jichao , Yuan Wen , Ma Xiaofeng , Wang Haibo , Shao Huawu 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA series of new N‐substituted iminosugars were successfully synthesized through a general synthetic route from D‐xylose derivative. This approach provided a convenient access to the synthesis of N‐alkylated iminosugars as potential glucosidase inhibitors, which included a reaction of reductive amination. Various N‐alkylated iminosugars were prepared in good yields with high stereoselectivity.
Self‐Assembly of Chiral Nano‐bowl from Chiral Pd‐complex Building Corners and 4,7‐Phenanthroline Linkers
Authors: Yu Lina , Jiang Xuanfeng , Yu Shuyan 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA chiral [M3L3]6+‐type nanobowl reported here was self‐assembled from cis‐protected mono‐palladium complex [(RRdiph)Pd](NO3)2 (where RRdiph= (1R,2R)‐(+)‐1,2‐diphenylethylenediamine) as chiral corners and 4,7‐phenanthroline ligand (L) as linkers in aqueous media. The hydrophobic cavity‐containing metallo‐macrocycle [Pd3L3]6+·6NO3 (1) with a syn, syn, syn orientation has been characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, CD spectra and X‐ray diffraction determination.
Results of a randomized, double‐blind study of romiplostim versus placebo in patients with low/intermediate‐1–risk myelodysplastic syndrome and thrombocytopenia
Authors: Giagounidis Aristoteles , Mufti Ghulam J. , Fenaux Pierre , Sekeres Mikkael A. , Szer Jeffrey , Platzbecker Uwe , Kuendgen Andrea , Gaidano Gianluca , Wiktor‐Jedrzejczak Wieslaw , Hu Kuolung , Woodard Paul , Yang Allen S. , Kantarjian Hagop M. 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUNDThrombocytopenia in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is associated with shortened survival and an increased risk of evolution to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, the authors evaluated the efficacy of romiplostim in patients who had thrombocytopenia with low‐risk/intermediate‐1–risk MDS.METHODSPatients who had thrombocytopenia with low‐risk/intermediate‐1–risk MDS (N = 250) were randomized 2:1 to receive romiplostim or placebo weekly for 58 weeks.RESULTSThe primary endpoint— the number of clinically significant bleeding events (CSBEs) per patient—had a hazard ratio for romiplostim:placebo of 0.83 (95% confidence interval, 0.66‐1.05;P = .13). CSBEs were reduced significantly in the romiplostim group for patients who had baseline platelet counts ≥20 × 109/L (P < .0001). For patients who had baseline platelet counts <20 × 109/L, there was no difference in the number of CSBEs, but the platelet transfusion rates were higher in the placebo group (P < .0001), which may have affected the overall CSBE results in this group with severe thrombocytopenia. The incidence of bleeding events was reduced significantly in the romiplostim group (relative risk, 0.92), as were protocol‐defined platelet transfusions (relative risk, 0.77). Platelet response rates according to 2006 International Working Group criteria were higher for the group that received romiplostim (odds ratio, 15.6). On the basis of interim data, an independent data monitoring committee advised halting study drug because of concerns regarding excess blasts and AML rates with romiplostim (interim hazard ratio, 2.51). At 58 weeks, the AML rates were 6% in the romiplostim group and 4.9% in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 1.20; 95% confidence interval, 0.38‐3.84), and the overall survival rates were similar.CONCLUSIONSRomiplostim treatment in patients with low‐risk/intermediate‐1–risk MDS increased platelet counts and decreased the number of bleeding events and platelet transfusions. Although study drug was discontinued because of an initial concern of AML risk, survival and AML rates were similar with romiplostim and placebo.Cancer2014;120:1838–1846. © 2014 Amgen, Inc.Cancerpublished by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf ofAmerican Cancer Society.
Comparison of referring and final pathology for patients with T‐cell lymphoma in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network
Authors: Herrera Alex F. , Crosby‐Thompson Allison , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Abel Gregory A. , Czuczman Myron S. , Gordon Leo I. , Kaminski Mark S. , Millenson Michael M. , Nademanee Auayporn P. , Niland Joyce C. , Rodig Scott J. , Rodriguez Maria A. , Zelenetz Andrew D. , LaCasce Ann S. 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUNDT‐cell lymphomas (TCLs) are uncommon in the United States. The accurate diagnosis of TCL is challenging and requires morphologic interpretation, immunophenotyping, and molecular techniques. The authors compared pathologic diagnoses at referring centers with diagnoses from expert hematopathology review to determine concordance rates and to characterize the usefulness of second‐opinion pathology review for TCL.METHODSPatients in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network non‐Hodgkin lymphoma database with peripheral TCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL‐NOS), angioimmunoblastic TCL (AITL), and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐positive and ALK‐negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) were eligible if they had prior tissue specimens examined at a referring institution. Pathologic concordance was evaluated using available pathology and diagnostic testing reports and provider progress notes. The etiology of discordance and the potential impact on treatment were examined.RESULTSAmong 131 eligible patients, 57 (44%) had concordant results, totaling 64% of the 89 patients who were referred with a final diagnosis. Thirty‐two patients (24%) had discordant results, representing 36% of those who were referred with a final diagnosis. The rates of discordance among patients with of PTCL‐NOS, AITL, ALK‐negative ALCL, and ALK‐positive ALCL were 19%, 33%, 34%, and 6%, respectively. In 14 patients (44% of discordant results), pathologic reclassification could have resulted in a different therapeutic strategy. Forty‐two patients (32%) were referred for classification with a provisional diagnosis.CONCLUSIONSIn a large cohort of patients with TCL who were referred to National Comprehensive Cancer Network centers, the likelihood of a concordant final diagnosis at a referring institution was low. As current and future therapies target TCL subsets, these data suggest that patients with suspected TCLs would benefit from evaluation by an expert hematopathologist. Cancer 2014;120:1993–1999. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Patient‐derived xenografts for individualized care in advanced sarcoma
Authors: Stebbing Justin , Paz Keren , Schwartz Gary K. , Wexler Leonard H. , Maki Robert , Pollock Raphael E. , Morris Ronnie , Cohen Richard , Shankar Arjun , Blackman Glen , Harding Victoria , Vasquez David , Krell Jonathan , Ciznadija Daniel , Katz Amanda , Sidransky David 
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUNDPatients with advanced, metastatic sarcoma have a poor prognosis, and the overall benefit from the few standard‐of‐care therapeutics available is small. The rarity of this tumor, combined with the wide range of subtypes, leads to difficulties in conducting clinical trials. The authors previously reported the outcome of patients with a variety of common solid tumors who received treatment with drug regimens that were first tested in patient‐derived xenografts using a proprietary method (“TumorGrafts”).METHODSTumors resected from 29 patients with sarcoma were implanted into immunodeficient mice to identify drug targets and drugs for clinical use. The results of drug sensitivity testing in the TumorGrafts were used to personalize cancer treatment.RESULTSOf 29 implanted tumors, 22 (76%) successfully engrafted, permitting the identification of treatment regimens for these patients. Although 6 patients died before the completion of TumorGraft testing, a correlation between TumorGraft results and clinical outcome was observed in 13 of 16 (81%) of the remaining individuals. No patients progressed during the TumorGraft‐predicted therapy.CONCLUSIONSThe current data support the use of the personalized TumorGraft model as an investigational platform for therapeutic decision‐making that can guide treatment for rare tumors such as sarcomas. A randomized phase 3 trial versus physician's choice is warranted. Cancer 2014;120:2006–2015. © 2014 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society.
Staurosporine‐induced collapse of cochlear hair bundles
Authors: Goodyear Richard J. , Ratnayaka Helen S.K. , Warchol Mark E. , Richardson Guy P. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTEarly postnatal mouse cochlear cultures were treated with a small panel of kinase inhibitors to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of hair‐bundle structure in the developing inner ear. At low concentrations (1–10 nM), staurosporine causes the collapse and loss of hair bundles without provoking hair‐cell death, as judged by lack of terminal transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) labeling or reactivity to anti‐activated caspase‐3. Staurosporine exposure results in the fusion of the hair bundle's stereocilia, a resorption of the parallel actin bundles of the stereocilia into the cytoplasm of the hair cell, a detachment of the apical, non‐stereociliary membrane of the hair cell from the underlying cuticular plate, and a severing of the hair‐bundle's rootlets from the actin cores of the stereocilia. It does not block membrane retrieval at the apical pole of the hair cells, nor does it elicit the externalization of phosphatidylserine. Staurosporine treatment causes a reduction in levels of the phosphorylated forms of ezrin, radixin, and moesin in cochlear cultures during the period of hair‐bundle loss, indicating the integrity of the hair bundle may be actively maintained by the phosphorylation status of these proteins. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:3281–3294, 2014. © 2014 The Authors The Journal of Comparative Neurology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficiency of magnetic coupled boost DC‐DC converters mainly dedicated to renewable energy systems: influence of the coupling factor
Authors: Nguyen The Vinh , Petit Pierre , Aillerie Michel , Salame Chafic , Charles Jean‐Pierre 
Published: April 2014

SummaryThis paper presents a specific analysis of an individual basic magnetically coupled direct current‐to‐direct current (DC–DC) converter specially designed for integration in a distributed architecture of renewable energy generators for smart grid applications. In such distributed architecture dedicated for renewable energy, parallel high‐voltage DC presents many advantages over the classical centralized one. We show that in such setup, high voltage can be advantageously produced using a specific magnetically coupled boost converter, and we point out the influence of the coupling factor, generally considered equal to one, on the overall performance of the converter and on the global energy efficiency of the installation. In this study, the generalized concepts of system energy parameters of DC–DC converters are introduced and applied to the transient analysis. Consequently, the operation of a magnetic coupled DC–DC converter with a recovery stage is modeled. The simulation results are compared with those of the behavioral study, deduced from the model pointing out the large influence of the coupling factor value on the global behavior and mainly on the value of the recovery voltage, in all the various parts of the switching cycle. The renewable energy generator operating parameters, such as current and voltage values, can then be predicted in a more useful way to compute new similar DC–DC converter systems. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.