bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Counting QBF solutions at level two
Authors: Plank Andreas , Möhle Sibylle , Seidl Martina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe lift the problem of enumerative solution counting to quantified Boolean formulas (QBFs) at the second quantifier block. In contrast to the well-explored model counting problem for SAT (#SAT), where models are simply assignments to the Boolean variables of a formula, we are now dealing with tree (counter-)models reflecting the dependencies between the variables of the first and the second quantifier block. It turns out that enumerative counting on the second level does not give the complete solution count and more fine-grained view is necessary. We present a level-2 solution counting approach that works for true and false formulas. We implemented the presented approach in a counting tool exploiting state-of-the-art QBF solving technology. We present several kinds of benchmarks for testing our implementation and show that even with this very basic approach of solution enumeration the solution counts of challenging benchmarks can be found.
Sulfate sensitivity of early life stages of freshwater mussels Unio crassus and Margaritifera margaritifera
Authors: Hu Xiaoxuan , Mäkinen Mikko , Taskinen Jouni , Karjalainen Juha 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSulfate is increasingly found in elevated concentrations in freshwater ecosystems due to anthropogenic activities. Chronic exposure to sulfate has been reported to cause sublethal effects on freshwater invertebrates. Previous sulfate toxicity tests have mostly been conducted in hard or moderately hard waters, and research on species inhabiting soft water is needed, given that freshwater organisms face heightened sensitivity to toxicants in water of lower hardness. In the present study, we examined sulfate sensitivity of two endangered freshwater mussel species, Unio crassus, and Margaritifera margaritifera. Glochidia and juveniles of both species were subjected to acute and/or chronic sulfate exposures in soft water to compare sulfate sensitivity across age groups, and effective concentrations (EC)/lethal concentrations (LC) values were estimated. Mussels were individually exposed to allow relatively larger numbers of replicates per treatment. Chronic sulfate exposure significantly reduced growth, foot movement, and relative water content (RWC) in juvenile mussels of M. margaritifera. Mussels at younger stages were not necessarily more sensitive to sulfate. In the acute tests, LC50 of glochidia of M. margaritifera and U. crassus was 1301 and 857 mg/L, respectively. Chronic LC10 was 843 mg/L for 3-week-old U. crassus juveniles, 1051 mg/L for 7-week-old M. margaritifera juveniles, and 683 mg/L for 2-year-old M. margaritifera juveniles. True chronic Lowest Effective Concentration for 7-week-old M. margaritifera may be within the 95% interval of EC10 based on RWC (EC10 = 446 mg/L, 95%CI = 265–626 mg/L). Our study contributed to the understanding of sulfate toxicity to endangered freshwater mussel species in soft water.
Can the Arts Challenge Mainstream Representations of Migration? An Inquiry into the Aga Khan Museum’s Afghanistan My Love Exhibition
Authors: Massari Alice , Molho Jeremie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the past few years, numerous art initiatives have addressed the subject of migration and sought to voice an alternative to the predominant images diffused in the mainstream media. This article starts from the premise that the role of the arts in challenging dominant narratives of migration is too often taken for granted and argues for the need for a critical examination of the conditions and modalities through which arts can engage with a key societal debate like migration that has become so divisive on a global scale. Drawing on the notion of art worlds established in the sociology of the arts, we argue it is essential to move beyond a romanticized figure of the enlightened creator and consider the embeddedness of art in a complex network of production and diffusion, which greatly influences the nature of the meanings produced and their reception. The article focuses on the “Afghanistan, My Love” exhibition organized by the Aga Khan Museum of Toronto, Canada, in the aftermath of the Taliban’s takeover of Afghanistan in the summer of 2021, which led to a significant surge of media coverage and the start of a dedicated scheme for the resettlement of Afghan nationals who collaborated with the Canadian Government due to Canada’s active involvement in the conflict. By employing a multi-modal methodology that includes textual and visual social semiotic analysis along with key stakeholder interviews, the paper examines under what conditions art can participate in (re)shaping representations of migration. Drawing from this case study, the article proposes to differentiate between “reframing” and “counter-narrating” to understand the distinct modalities through which the arts can engage with and seek to challenge representations of migration. While reframing seeks to implicitly change perceptions by offering complex portrayals of migrant experiences, counter-narrating introduces explicit alternative discourses. Less than intended to shift underlying structural representations, the latter approach seeks to ignite a collective process and generate empathy.
Variable range hopping conductivity of hydrothermally reduced graphene oxide fibers
Authors: Ostrowski Adam , Synoradzki Karol , Tomaszewski Damian , Tadyszak Krzysztof 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe report applying the autoclaved hydrothermal method for obtaining conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO) fibers for potential flexible electronic applications, such as supercapacitors, transistors, or sensing applications. The reduction of GO was performed in the temperature range 120 to 180 °C under increased pressure of ca. 8 bar in a sealed Teflon lined up, stainless steel autoclave. The fiber’s diameter and length were defined by the glass tube used as the mold for reducing GO water suspension (diameter of 600 µm and length of 8 cm). After drying, in an ambient atmosphere, the hydrogel fiber shrinks to ca. 50 µm in diameter and 6 cm in length (collapsed pore structure). The drying process, in addition to enhancing electrical conductivity, also increases the mechanical strength of the fibers due to the stronger overlapping of the graphene flakes. The best performance was observed in the fiber reduced at the highest temperature studied, 180 °C, and a minimum temperature of 120 °C is necessary to obtain a fiber. Electrical conductivity was measured using the 4-probe method. The results were analyzed within the framework of variable range hopping and Arrhenius models to pinpoint the best model describing electrical conductivity in dry rGO fibers.
The Association of Acculturation and Well-Being: Second-Generation Immigrants in Switzerland
Authors: Schwarz Beate , Pfammatter Pirmin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn recent decades, there has been a rapid increase in immigration rates throughout Europe, and many immigrants remained permanently. As a result, a substantial part of society are second-generation immigrants. Despite an increase in research related to this population, predominantly from the US, it remains unknown, whether growing up and living in two cultures fosters immigrants’ subjective well-being. The present study investigated the association between acculturation (here heritage and mainstream culture orientation) and subjective well-being of second-generation immigrants in Switzerland. We further ran a multigroup analyses for women and men separately. Data of N = 492 adult children of immigrants (66% women; Mage = 32.39, SDage = 10.46) were analyzed. Structural equation modelling showed that both orientation toward heritage and toward mainstream culture were positively related to subjective well-being, and that this was moderated by gender. Furthermore, the interaction between both kinds of orientation had a significant effect on subjective well-being. The study addresses several gaps in the existing research literature in three key ways: (1) it adds a European perspective; (2) it focuses on understudied second-generation immigrants; (3) it measures acculturation bilinear and multidimensional, as is required theoretically. Moreover, the findings may contribute to a more nuanced public discourse, where the significance of both mainstream orientation and heritage culture is occasionally called into question.
Random Normal Matrices: Eigenvalue Correlations Near a Hard Wall
Authors: Ameur Yacin , Charlier Christophe , Cronvall Joakim 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study pair correlation functions for planar Coulomb systems in the pushed phase, near a ring-shaped impenetrable wall. We assume coupling constant $$\Gamma =2$$

Γ
=
2

and that the number n of particles is large. We find that the correlation functions decay slowly along the edges of the wall, in a narrow interface stretching a distance of order 1/n from the hard edge. At distances much larger than $$1/\sqrt{n}$$

1
/

n

, the effect of the hard wall is negligible and pair correlation functions decay very quickly, and in between sits an interpolating interface that we call the “semi-hard edge”. More precisely, we provide asymptotics for the correlation kernel $$K_{n}(z,w)$$

K
n

(
z
,
w
)

as $$n\rightarrow \infty $$

n
→
∞

in two microscopic regimes (with either $$|z-w| = \mathcal{O}(1/\sqrt{n})$$

|
z
-
w
|
=
O
(
1
/

n

)

or $$|z-w| = \mathcal{O}(1/n)$$

|
z
-
w
|
=
O
(
1
/
n
)

), as well as in three macroscopic regimes (with $$|z-w| \asymp 1$$

|
z
-
w
|
≍
1

). For some of these regimes, the asymptotics involve oscillatory theta functions and weighted Szegő kernels.
A detailed thermohydraulic performance assessment of surface-modified silver nanofluids in turbulent convective heat transfer
Authors: Bunpheng Wasurat , Dhairiyasamy Ratchagaraja , Almuflih Ali Saeed , Alam Mohammad Mukhtar , Dixit Saurav , Ağbulut Ümit 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the thermohydraulic performance of surface-modified silver nanofluids in turbulent convective heat transfer applications. The primary objective is to evaluate the impact of citrate, lipoic acid, and silica surface modifications on heat transfer coefficients, pressure drops, and friction factors under turbulent flow conditions. Silver nanoparticles (50 nm) with the specified surface modifications were synthesized and dispersed in deionized water, ensuring stable nanofluid preparations. Experimental evaluations were conducted in a smooth brass tube with a uniform heat flux, covering Reynolds numbers from 3400 to 21,800, mass flow rates of 32 to 78 g s−1, and inlet temperatures of 26 °C, 31 °C, and 36 °C. Key findings indicate that the silica-shelled nanofluid (Ag/S) exhibited a significant 35% increase in the heat transfer coefficient compared to DI water, while citrate-coated (Ag/C) and lipoic acid-coated (Ag/L) nanofluids showed slight decreases of 0.2% and 2%, respectively. The mean Nusselt number for Ag/S also increased by 9%, demonstrating enhanced heat transfer capabilities. Surface-modified nanofluids experienced higher pressure drops and friction factors than the base fluid. Ag/C showed a 7.7% increase in pressure drop, Ag/L a 12.3% increase, and Ag/S a 12.5% increase, correlating with an 11.9% rise in viscosity. While surface-modified silver nanofluids, particularly silica-shelled, can significantly improve heat transfer performance, the associated increases in pressure drops and friction factors must be carefully balanced for specific applications. Future research should explore long-term stability, varying nanoparticle concentrations, and more complex geometries to optimize nanofluid formulations for targeted heat transfer applications.
A thermal study on NiAl-citrate LDH as catalyst precursor for dry reforming reaction
Authors: Fortunato Marco , Piccinni Marco , Pastorino Andrea , Cardinale Anna Maria 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNi-based layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are well-known as catalysts precursors; in fact, their properties allow for a homogeneous distribution of Ni on a matrix through simple and economic synthetic passages. In this work, NiAl-citrate LDH was synthetized through a recently developed synthetic pathway that led to the formation of almost single-layered hexagonal nanocrystals. These ones seem to be promising for the production of a Ni (0)-based material with a very high surface area, since through pyrolysis, the interlayered citrate could be turned into CO that simultaneously reduces the Ni (II) to Ni (0) and blow-up the original crystals. In this transformation, temperature plays a key role; therefore, the processes occurring during heating were investigated to discriminate which of them contribute to the material reduction. Additionally, the appropriate pyrolysis temperature was determined to achieve the desired compound that was a homogeneous distribution of nanopatterned micro-flakes of Ni (0) and Al/Ni mixed oxides, with a high specific surface area (177m2g−1). The high surface area and the expected properties of this new material make it an interesting candidate for heterogeneous catalysis of high-temperature gas reactions, such as dry reforming, a noteworthy process that produces syngas from the two greenhouse gases CO2 and CH4. DRM applicability is limited by high temperatures required to obtain acceptable conversion and by solid carbon deposition on catalyst, both leading to its deactivation over time; so, it is important to develop new catalysts able to overcome those problems. For these purposes, some preliminary tests on the obtained material were performed confirming its catalytic behavior for the DRM, especially at temperatures > 800 K.
The Shropshire Redemption: John Audelay’s Carols, Repetition, and Confessional Authority
Authors: Finn Andrew 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this essay, I analyze the extent to which repetition can be considered creative in the context of penitential poetry, and what the ramifications are of that pairing for our own understandings of that poetry. When sin is inherited and confessions were guided by eminently repeatable formulae, how does penitential poetry come into being for the first time and enter penitential discourse as a “makyng” that is created or made yet already received, already repeated and circulating at the moment of its birth? The carol, I argue, presents a good place to address that question: its idiosyncratic formal components present a site of creativity and repetition between text and audience, a conjunction which anticipates the dynamics of filmic montage as conceived by Sergei Eisenstein. This aspect of the carol also invites us to explore how authority is created and received in the present moment, bereft of the difference from the present moment so often involved in constructing auctoritas. In conversation with Eisenstein, the medieval penitential carol ultimately becomes a site to reconsider how poetic form can simultaneously uphold and dismantle hierarchical relationships between creators and audiences. In so doing, the penitential carol invites us to re-approach our own critical “makyngs,” which effectively channel the work of medieval poetic form from centuries past.
Board diversity faultlines and textual social and environmental disclosures
Authors: Elshandidy Tamer , Elsayed Mohamed , Omara Hossam , Sharma Abhijit 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBy creating a comprehensive corporate social- and environmental-related lexicon, this paper examines the extent to which board diversity impacts social and environmental disclosures. Contributing to diversity literature, we rely on the faultlines concept, postulated and developed by organizational research, which is hypothetical dividing lines that split a boardroom into relatively homogeneous subgroups based on directors’ diversified attributes. Employing a sample of FTSE All-share non-financial firms, our findings show that firms with higher faultline strength in the boardroom (i.e., relatively more homogeneous subgroups) exhibit significantly lower levels of both social and environmental disclosures in their narrative sections of annual reports. This implies that board diversity faultlines are likely to have a detrimental effect on corporate boards regarding reaching a consensus decision on disclosing information on social and environmental aspects. Our results remain robust after a battery of sensitivity tests and addressing potential endogeneity problems. Our results provide timely evidence-based insights into major recent structural reforms aiming at proposing remedies to corporate governance problems in the UK, specifically that interest should not be confined to board diversity per se but configurations (the extent of convergence) between the diversified attributes. Furthermore, the evidence provided by our paper should be of interest to the UK’s regulatory bodies (Financial Reporting Council) considering their increasing focus and pursuit to understand the underlying challenges of corporate social and environmental reporting.
Roughness regularization for functional data analysis with free knots spline estimation
Authors: De Magistris Anna , De Simone Valentina , Romano Elvira , Toraldo Gerardo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the era of big data, an ever-growing volume of information is recorded, either continuously over time or sporadically, at distinct time intervals. Functional Data Analysis (FDA) stands at the cutting edge of this data revolution, offering a powerful framework for handling and extracting meaningful insights from such complex datasets. The currently proposed FDA methods can often encounter challenges, especially when dealing with curves of varying shapes. This can largely be attributed to the method’s strong dependence on data approximation as a key aspect of the analysis process. In this work, we propose a free knots spline estimation method for functional data with two penalty terms and demonstrate its performance by comparing the results of several clustering methods on simulated and real data.
Credo in unam credentiam: religious beliefs are standard beliefs
Authors: Ryan Liam D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDoes religious belief differ in any interesting way from other kinds of belief? For now, take ‘belief' to mean how one takes the world to be, on the basis of which they act. Call beliefs like this ‘ordinary beliefs'. There are also more complicated, or abstract, beliefs. Call such beliefs ‘non-ordinary beliefs’. Are religious beliefs different in any significant or interesting way from what we call ‘standard belief’? Our analysis shows that they are not. Although the content of religious belief is different, and sometimes so is the function, religious beliefs are still mental, dispositional attitudes that aim to provide a correct representation of the world. Therefore, religious beliefs are best understood as a sub-category of standard beliefs, alongside ordinary and non-ordinary beliefs. This account of religious belief provides further insight into the meaning of belief and supports a revision of a strict demarcation between standard and non-standard beliefs.
Acetic and citric acids effect the type II secretion system and decrease the metabolic activities of salmon spoilage-related Rahnella aquatilis KM05
Authors: Myszka Kamila , Wolko Łukasz , Borkowska Monika 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRahnella aquatilis causes seafoods to spoil by metabolizing sulfur-containing amino acids and/or proteins, producing H2S in products. The type II secretion system (T2SS) regulates the transport of proteases from the cytoplasm to the surrounding environment and promotes bacterial growth at low temperatures. To prevent premature fish spoilage, new solutions for inhibiting the T2SS of bacteria should be researched. In this study, global transcriptome sequencing was used to analyze the spoilage properties of R. aquatilis KM05. Two of the mapped genes/coding sequences (CDSs) were matched to the T2SS, namely, qspF and gspE, and four of the genes/CDSs, namely, ftsH, rseP, ptrA and pepN, were matched to metalloproteases or peptidases in R. aquatilis KM05. Subinhibitory concentrations of citric (18 µM) and acetic (41 µM) acids caused downregulation of T2SS-related genes (range from − 1.0 to -4.5) and genes involved in the proteolytic activities of bacteria (range from − 0.5 to -4.0). The proteolytic activities of R. aquatilis KM05 in vitro were reduced by an average of 40%. The in situ experiments showed the antimicrobial properties of citric and acetic acids against R. aquatilis KM05; the addition of an acidulant to salmon fillets limited microbial growth. Citric and acetic acids extend the shelf life of fish-based products and prevent food waste.
Effect of in situ CO2 mixing of cement paste on the leachability of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI))
Authors: Cho Kian , Kim Won Kyung , Moon Juhyuk , Cha Daniel , Park Junboum 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn situ CO2 mixing technology is a potential technology for permanently sequestering CO2 during concrete manufacturing processes. Although it has been approved as a promising carbon capture and utilisation (CCU) method, its effect on the leachability of heavy metals from cementitious compounds has not yet been studied. This study focuses on the effect of in situ CO2 mixing of cement paste on the leaching of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). The tank leaching test of the CO2 mixing cement specimen resulted in a Cr(VI) cumulative leaching of 0.614 mg/m2 in 28 d, which is ten times lower than that of the control mixing specimens. The results in thermogravimetric analysis indicated that a relatively significant amount of CrO42− is immobilised as CaCrO4 during the CO2-mixing, and a higher Cr–O extension is observed in the Fourier transform infrared spectra. Furthermore, a portion of the monocarboaluminate is inferred from microstructural analyses to incorporate CrO42− ions. These results demonstrate that in situ CO2 mixing is beneficial not only in reducing CO2 emissions, but also in controlling the leaching of toxic substances.
Do prompts and strategy instruction contribute to pre-service teachers’ peer-feedback on technology-integration?
Authors: Franke Ulrike , Backfisch Iris , Scherzinger Luisa , Tolou Arash , Thyssen Christoph , Brahm Taiga , Rudolf Ina , Lachner Andreas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPeer feedback is regarded as playing a vital role in fostering preservice teachers’ noticing and reasoning skills during technology integration. However, novices in particular (e.g., pre-service teachers) tend to provide rather superficial feedback, which does not necessarily contribute to professional development. Against this background, we developed an online video-annotation tool, LiveFeedback + , which allows for providing peer feedback on the quality of technology integration during microteachings in a fine-grained manner. Applying a design-based research approach (2 design cycles, N = 42 pre-service teachers, quasi-experimental interrupted time-series design), we investigated whether the addition of prompts (Cycle 1) and strategy instruction combined with prompts (Cycle 2) contributed to the quality of peer feedback. Contrary to our predictions, piecewise regressions demonstrated that pre-service teachers provided more feedback comments with superficial praise and fewer feedback comments with substantial problem identification and solutions when prompts were available. However, when pre-service teachers were explicitly instructed in strategy use, the reasoning during peer feedback could be enhanced to some extent, as pre-service teachers provided less praise and more problem diagnosis in feedback comments when strategy instruction was available. These findings suggest that the addition of strategy instruction that explicitly models adequate feedback strategies based on prompts can help overcome mediation deficits during peer feedback in technology-based settings.