bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P‐104: Bistable Nano‐structured Alignment Surface by Nanoimprint Lithography
Authors: Lee Chung‐Yung , Tseng Man‐Chun , Ho Tsz‐Kin , Ho Jacob Yeuk‐Lung , Kwok Hoi‐Sing 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA novel kind of nano‐structured alignment surface is proposed and demonstrated. Such alignment surface has bistable azimuthal alignment directions for liquid crystal molecules. The new alignment surface has a structure of stacking a photo‐aligned polymer on top of a nano‐sized groove surface with different azimuthal alignment directions. The fabrication of the nano‐sized groove is based on nano‐imprint lithography. Hence, the size and depth are fixed and controllable; in addition, no random process is involved. The alignment surface is robust, highly reproducible and suitable for mass manufacturing. Such alignment surface can be applied to fabricate π/2 bistable twisted nematic (π/2‐BTN) display which has better optical performances than the traditional π‐BTN display.
P‐105: Modelling of Liquid Crystals at the Pixel Edge
Authors: Nie Zijun , Day Sally E. , Fernández F. Anibal , Willman Eero , James Richard 
Published: July 2014

AbstractModelling has been carried out of the Liquid Crystal structures at the edges of electrodes for planar aligned devices, used as phase modulators. The voltage dependence and a threshold voltage of the defect formation is found. The effect of adjacent pixels used in high resolution in LCOS is investigated.
P‐110: Stabilizing Blue Phase Liquid Crystal with Photo‐Reactive Chiral Mesogen
Authors: Noh Seong Cheol , Park NoHyun , Park Hye Ryung , Nayek Prasenjit , Kang Shin Woong , Lee Myoung Hoon , Gong Myoung‐Seon , Lee Seung Hee 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we investigated effects of stabilizing blue phase liquid crystal using only reactive chiral dopant, without any other monomers and photoinitiators. First, photo‐inactive chiral dopants with high helical twist power (~166μm−1) synthesized by us are doped into host nematic LC to induce blue phase and then, the photo‐reactive chiral dopant is added to stabilize double twist cylinder. After UV irradiation, BP temperature range is clearly extended compared with pure BP mixture and hysteresis in V‐T curve is also dramatically decreased.
P‐114: A Liquid Crystal Mode with Combined Fringe and In‐Plane Switching Fields by Using a Bottom Floating Electrode
Authors: Yoo Seong‐Hyeon , Park Min‐Kyu , Lee Dong‐Jin , Lee Cheolho , Shim Gyu Yeop , Park Kyoung Ho , Lee Joun‐Ho , Choi Hyunchul , Kim Byeong Koo , Kim Hak‐Rin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe demonstrate a liquid crystal (LC) mode switched by combined fringe and in‐plane switching (IPS) fields, which are self‐adjusted by adopting a bottom floating electrode for enhanced electro‐optical properties. In our LC mode structure, conventional IPS electrodes are formed as pixel electrodes and common electrodes on an insulating layer, and floating electrodes that are patterned per the sub‐pixels are formed under the insulating layer. When the areas of the pixel and common electrodes are same, the voltage of the bottom floating electrode is spontaneously determined to be half the value of the pixel voltage, which ideally generates symmetric fringe fields with both pixel and common electrodes. Due to the in‐plane fields additionally generated between the pixel and common electrodes, the proposed LC structure shows higher transmittance than fringe‐field switching (FFS) and IPS LC modes. Transmittance of the conventional FFS and IPS LC modes is highly sensitive to the in‐plane electrode's width and spacing condition, but the proposed LC mode shows good transmittance without degradation under large variation condition of the in‐plane electrode's spacing‐to‐width ratio.
P‐118: Ellipsoidal Light Diffusing Film with Narrow Louver Micro Structure of Refractive index
Authors: Katagiri Baku , Kusama Kentaro , Orui Tomoo , Shoshi Satoru 
Published: July 2014

AbstractOptical diffusers consisting of a microstructured refractive index are promising materials because of their unique optical properties. Existing Anisotropic diffusers formed of such films merely have straight‐line diffusion properties, and exhibit very little ellipticity. Here we describe ellipsoidal diffuser films, together with a method to control the ellipticity.
P‐126: Photo‐Controllable Multi‐Stable Liquid Crystal Optical Switch
Authors: Wang Chun‐Ta , Wu Yueh‐Chi , Lin Tsung‐Hsien 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis work demonstrates an optically switchable tristable optical switch that is based on the light–matter interactions of dichroic dyes, azo‐chiral and liquid crystal. Tristable attenuation, scattering, and transparent states can be achieved using the dichroic dye doped fingerprint, focal conic, and homeotropic textures, respectively. All states can stably exist for several hours, and be switched from one state to another through light‐induced isomerization effect of azo‐chiral. Such a multi‐stable optical switch exhibits easy switching, a desirable contrast ratio, and low power consumption. It therefore exhibits the potential to be utilized in practical portable information systems.
P‐182L: Late‐News Poster: Polarizer‐Free Liquid Crystal Lens Imaging
Authors: Bao Rui , Cui Chunhui , Yu Shuda , Ye Mao 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA method based on image processing is proposed to solve the problem of polarizer dependency of LC lens. No polarizer is required for imaging by the LC lens. In an imaging system with an LC lens, images Il and In are captured sequentially in lens and non‐lens states of the LC lens, respectively. The final image I is obtained based on Il and In according to the equation I = Il – 0.5In. The proposal is tested experimentally. Clear and well focused images are obtained.
P‐132: Novel Pixel Design for Super‐Multi‐Domain Polymer Sustained Alignment LCD Technology
Authors: Tien Kun‐Cheng , Liao Chien‐Huang , Wu Ming‐Huei , Wei Wei‐Chun , Shih Chih‐Chang , Hsu Wen‐Hao , Su Jenn‐Jia 
Published: July 2014

AbstractNew super‐multi‐domain polymer sustained alignment (PSA) liquid crystal displays are developed. Compared to the conventional approach, it has the merits of simpler structure, lower cost, and better transmittance. Moreover, premium picture quality with very little oblique gamma distortion and color shift like in‐plane switching (IPS) mode is obtained.
P‐137: Large Area Deposition of a Light Out‐Coupling Layer Stack on Low Cost Soda Lime Glass Substrate
Authors: Veerasamy V. S. , Hatwar Tukaram K. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA scalable implementation of a light Out‐Coupling Layer Stack (OCLS) on Gen 2 size soda‐glass is demonstrated with up to a 2X improvement in green PLED light extraction efficiency. This is a viable and scalable technology and potentially important for next generation high efficacy OLEDs solid state lighting on both rigid as well as temperature sensitive flexible substrate enabling low cost manufacturing and fast commercialization of the technology.
P‐138: WITHDRAWN: P‐139: A Scalable Seamless Full Color PMOLED
Authors: Xiaojian Yan , Chaoyong Tian , Wei Jiang , Weigao Xia , Xinying Wei 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPassive Matrix Organic Diode is restricted to it's passive driving method, so the screen size and resolution is hard to be larger because of the brightness reduce with the row numbers. But PMOLED has simple fabrication process and less material cost compared to TFT‐LCD and AMOLED panel.In this paper we deeply research the design of PMOLED panel, and finally we found a creative method to make the PMOLED panel larger and with higher resolution. Use our creative met hod we finally made a 3.5 inch PMOLED panel without bezel on right and left side, and so it can be scaled to make larger PMOLED with higher resolution.
P‐146: Enhancing Light Extraction with a Reduced Spectrum Distortion of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes by Employing Nano‐Scale Periodic Structure
Authors: Kim Kyu Nyun , Choi Kyung Bok , Lee Hyun Jun , Hwang Ju Hyun , Shim Yong Sub , Park Cheol Hwei , Jung Sun‐Gyu , Park Young Wook , Ju Byeong‐Kwon 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this study, we demonstrate high‐efficiency distortion‐free spectrum Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) using photonic crystal (PC) and micro lens array (MLA). The PC structure is fabricated by laser interference lithography (LIL), which enables simple and cost‐intensive manufacturing for mask less and largely scalable process. Finally, we obtain a significant results that external quantum efficiency (EQE) and the power efficiency (PE) were enhanced by up to 150% and 250%, as compared reference.
P‐149: Influence of Interlayer Materials on Solution Processed OLEDs Based on Small Molecules
Authors: Yoneda Kazuhiro , Hiep Hoang Minh , Matsusue Noriyuki 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe influence of interlayer with fluorene and arylamine materials on solution processed organic light emitting devices using small molecules as emissive layer (SM‐OLEDs) was studied. The SM‐OLEDs using fluorene and arylamine‐containing polymer as interlayer had low efficiency and extremely short lifetime. On the other hand, the lifetime was improved by inserting arylamine‐containing hole transport material between interlayer and emissive layer. In our experiment using several materials of small molecules, we found that the presence of fluorene unit leads to significant decrease in lifetime.
P‐150: White OLED with Optical Path‐length Compensation Layer Formed by Laser Imaging Technology†
Authors: Cha Seung Ji , Suh Min Chul 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this paper, we describe a promising way to fabricate micro‐cavity OLEDs (Organic Light Emitting Diodes) with white OLEDs and soluble optical path‐length compensation layer formed by Laser Induced Thermal Imaging technology. The resultant OLEDs gave a saturated three primary colors (RGB) after transmission through common color filters.
P‐152: Highly Efficient Light‐Extraction Technologies for OLED Lighting Coupled to Corrugated Substrates and Designed Lens Arrays
Authors: Shibanuma Toshihiko , Seki Takashi , Toriyama Shigetaka , Nishimura Suzushi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA novel corrugated substrate has been developed for OLED lighting applications. The substrate enhances the light extraction efficiency without changing the spectra or luminous intensity distributions due to its self‐assembled quasi‐periodic structure. By combining the corrugated substrate with a specially designed lens array, a 102% improvement in power efficiency was achieved in a large area light‐emitting device.
P‐155: Operational Stability Enhancement of White OLEDs with Single Solution‐Processed Emitting Layer Fabricated by “Self‐layered Technique”
Authors: Aratani Sukekazu , Sakuma Hirotaka , Harada Motoko , Wakana Hironori , Nobuki Shun‐Ichiro , Kawasaki Masahiro 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe achieved operationally stable white OLEDs with an EML fabricated using a self‐layered technique. LT50 of more than 10khr at an initial luminance of 1000cd/m2 was obtained by 1) suppressing exciplex formation between EML and ETL, 2) preventing Li diffusion into EMLs, and 3)applying dopants with shallow LUMO level and stable host materials.
P‐156: Blue Phosphorescence OLED with Interfacial Mixed Layer between EML and ETL
Authors: Yoo Seung Il , Kim Nam Ho , Yoon Ju‐An , Kim Jin Wook , Kang Jin Sung , Kim Pil Seok , Min Chon Kyu , Kim Young Kwan , Kim Woo Young 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBlue PHOLEDs with interfacial mixed layer (IML) were fabricated to observe their electrical characteristics. IML was composed of mCP as host material in EML and 3TPYMB as electron transport material with phosphorescent blue dopant of FIrpic. PHOLED with IML were improved 41% of current density and 35% of luminous efficiency comparing to PHOLED without IML.
P‐167: A Low‐Side Self‐Capacitive Sensing Method for Large Area Touch Screen
Authors: Kyoung Kyuwon , Hattori Reiji 
Published: July 2014

AbstractWe have proposed a configuration of single‐layered touch electrodes for capacitive touch panel and a low‐side self‐capacitive sensing circuit that can be adopted to large area touch screen. A 4.0‐in capacitive touch panel which consists of large resistive electrodes and the driver circuit with the proposed method shows high touch sensitivity at high resistive electrodes.
P‐168: Modeling and Analysis of the Flexible Touch Panel on the Flexible Active‐matrix OLED Display
Authors: Wu Chang‐Xiang , Pan Yen‐Lin , Tsai Hung‐Ming , Sun Hsiang‐Fang , Chao Paul C.‐P. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe modeling of the flexible touch panel and the flexible AMOLED display is performed to analyze the effect of the display noise on the touch signal. The maximum capacitance change rate of the touch panel with a display noise and a 7.5mm curvature radius is 47.8%.
P‐169: Touch‐Fingerprint Display for Supporting Identity Sensing
Authors: Koundinya Pranav , Zhao Xi , Feng Tao , Theril Sandhya , Shi Weidong 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDue to the surge in the number of touch based smart devices, there is a growing need for touch based authentication. Historically, fingerprint has been one of the most effective ways for establishing the uniqueness of an individual's identity. Motivated by the fact that both touch sensing and fingerprint scan can be based on the same capacitive sensing principle, one can design a single unified sensing device that can support both multi‐touch interactions and identity sensing based on fingerprint biometrics. Such design will not only enable user friendly mobile identity solutions, but also support more elegant and compact physical design of future smart mobile devices. In this paper, we present and explore three approaches for creating such a device. They are, transparent fingerprint readers on‐top of a touch panel ‐ fingerprint reader on‐panel, unified touch‐fingerprint panel, and touch‐fingerprint in‐cell TFT‐LCD. Further, we discuss the challenges faced by each approach, compare the pros and cons of each approach, and propose solutions accordingly. Finally, we conduct evaluations using state‐of‐the‐art modeling tools and perform quantitative studies.
Poly (3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyhexanoate) scaffolds coated with PhaP‐RGD fusion protein promotes the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in vitro
Authors: Li Xiaoli , Chang Huimin , Luo Huanan , Wang Zhenghui , Zheng Guoxi , Lu Xiaoyun , He Xijing , Chen Fang , Wang Ting , Liang Jianmin , Xu Min 
Published: July 2014

AbstractHuman umbilical cord blood‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC‐MSCs) have been widely used in tissue engineering. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of poly (3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) scaffolds coated with polyhydroxyalkanoate binding protein fused with arginyl‐glycyl‐aspartic acid (PhaP‐RGD) to promote the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of hUC‐MSCs seeded on them. The PhaP‐RGD fusion protein was expressed byEscherichia coli. PHBHHx films were coated with PhaP‐RGD fusion protein and the physiochemical properties were examined. hUC‐MSCs were seeded on PHBHHx films with or without PhaP‐RGD precoating and tested for changes in morphology, viability, and chondrogenic differentiation. We found that PhaP‐RGD‐coated PHBHHx films had similar surface morphology to uncoated PHBHHx. The water contact angle of the coated PHBHHx surface was lower than that of the uncoated surface (10.63° vs. 98.69°). At 7 and 14 days after seeding, the PhaP‐RGD‐coated PHBHHx group showed greater numbers of viable cells compared to the uncoated PHBHHx group. The expression levels of aggrecan and collagen II were enhanced in the PhaP‐RGD‐coated PHBHHx group relative to the uncoated PHBHHx group. Histological analysis using toluidine blue staining showed elevated formation of proteoglycan producing chondrocytes in the PhaP‐RGD‐coated PHBHHx group. Additionally, the synthesis of proteoglycan and collagen was significantly enhanced within the PhaP‐RGD constructs. Taken together, PhaP‐RGD coating promotes the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of hUC‐MSCs seeded on PHBHHx films. PhaP‐RGD‐coated PHBHHx may be a useful scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 1169–1175, 2015.
Novel nanofiber‐based material for endovascular scaffolds
Authors: Wang Rui , Levi‐Polyanchenko Nicole , Morykwas Michael , Argenta Louis , Wagner William D. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractConventional collagen‐based heart valves eventually fail because of insufficient replacement of graft material by host tissue. In this study, type I collagen was blended with silk fibroin and the synthetic elastic polymer poly (glycerol–sebacate) (PGS) in varying proportions to create multifunctional electrospun nanofibrous materials tailored for use as endovascular scaffolds such as heart valve replacement. Depending on the blended material the elastic moduli ranged from 2.3 to 5.0 Mpa; tensile stresses ranged from 0.8 to 1.5 Mpa; and strains ranged from 30% to 70%. Electrospun materials with a weight ratio of 4.5:4.5:1 (collagen, fibroin, and PGS) (termed PFC mats) were the most similar to native heart valves. In vitro degradation of PFC mats was 0.01% per week. Endothelial cells adhered to, proliferated, and formed cell–cell junctions on PFC mats. Compared with collagen hydrogels and electrospun collagen mats respectively 220–290% less platelet adhesion was observed for PFC mats. The study demonstrates that PFC material has superior mechanical properties, low degradation, and reduced thrombogenic potential and suggests that further investigation of this biomaterial for cardiovascular applications is warranted. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 1150–1158, 2015.
Structural and Mechanical Repair of Diffuse Damage in Cortical Bone In Vivo
Authors: Seref-Ferlengez Zeynep , Basta-Pljakic Jelena , Kennedy Oran D , Philemon Claudy J , Schaffler Mitchell B 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACT

Physiological wear and tear causes bone microdamage at several hierarchical levels, and these have different biological consequences. Bone remodeling is widely held to be the mechanism by which bone microdamage is repaired. However, recent studies showed that unlike typical linear microcracks, small crack damage, the clusters of submicron-sized matrix cracks also known as diffuse damage (Dif.Dx), does not activate remodeling. Thus, the fate of diffuse damage in vivo is not known. To examine this, we induced selectively Dif.Dx in rat ulnae in vivo by using end-load ulnar bending creep model. Changes in damage content were assessed by histomorphometry and mechanical testing immediately after loading (ie, acute loaded) or at 14 days after damage induction (ie, survival ulnae). Dif.Dx area was markedly reduced over the 14-day survival period after loading (p &lt; 0.02). We did not observe any intracortical resorption, and there was no increase in cortical bone area in survival ulnae. The reduction in whole bone stiffness in acute loaded ulnae was restored to baseline levels in survival ulnae (p &gt; 0.6). Microindentation studies showed that Dif.Dx caused a highly localized reduction in elastic modulus in diffuse damage regions of the ulnar cortex. Moduli in these previously damaged bone areas were restored to control values by 14 days after loading. Our current findings indicate that small crack damage in bone can be repaired without bone remodeling, and they suggest that alternative repair mechanisms exist in bone to deal with submicron-sized matrix cracks. Those mechanisms are currently unknown and further investigations are needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which this direct repair occurs. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Analysis of Cembranoids in Flue‐cured Tobacco by Accelerated Solvent Extraction and Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry‐Selected Ion Monitoring
Authors: Qian Xiao‐Bo , Ye Jiang‐Ping , Chen Xiao‐Ming , Zhang Chang‐Hua , Liang Yong‐Jiang , Li Zhang‐Hai , Yang Jun 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAn efficient and sensitive analytical method based on accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry‐selected ion monitoring (GC‐MS‐SIM) was developed and validated for analysis of cembranoids in flue‐cured tobacco leaves. Extraction efficiency of different pretreatment methods including liquid‐solid extraction (LSE), ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE), Soxlet extraction and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) was compared and ASE was chosen as the optimal extraction method. During ASE procedure, effect of four parameters on extraction efficiency was considered and the experimental conditions were selected as follows: extraction solvent: dichloromethane; oven temperature: 50 °C; static time: 5 min and number of cycles: 2. Working standards of cembranoids were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and the identification was performed by mass spectrometry. Performance characteristics such as linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), precision and recovery were studied. The LOD and LOQ values were ranging from 5.0 × 10−3 to 6.9 × 10−3 μg/mL and 1.7 × 10−2 to 2.3 × 10−2 μg/mL for all analytes. At three different spiked levels, recoveries for CBT‐ol, α‐CBT‐diol and β‐CBT‐diol were 94.6%‐105.1%, 93.0%‐97.2% and 88.7%‐107.5% while the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were in the ranges of 3.9%‐6.2%, 1.8%‐8.7% and 1.7%‐6.0%, respectively. The proposed analytical methodology was successfully applied in the analysis of cembranoids in tobacco samples.
Oxygen enhanced lung MRI by simultaneous measurement of T1 and T2* during free breathing using ultrashort TE
Authors: Triphan Simon M.F. , Breuer Felix A. , Gensler Daniel , Kauczor Hans‐Ulrich , Jakob Peter M. 
Published: July 2014

PurposeTo provide a robust method for the simultaneous quantification of T1 and T2* in the human lung during free breathing. Breathing pure oxygen accelerates T1 and T2* relaxation in the lung. While T1 shortening reflects an increased amount of dissolved molecular oxygen in lung tissue, T2* shortening shows an increased concentration of oxygen in the alveolar gas. Therefore, both parameters reflect different aspects of the oxygen uptake and provide complementary lung functional information.Materials and MethodsA segmented inversion recovery Look–Locker multiecho sequence based on a multiecho 2D ultrashort TE (UTE) was employed for simultaneous T1 and T2* quantification. The radial projections follow a modified golden angle ordering, allowing for respiratory self‐gating and thus the reconstruction of a series of differently T1 and T2*‐weighted images in arbitrary breathing states. The method was evaluated in nine healthy volunteers while breathing room air and pure oxygen, with two volunteers examined at five oxygen concentrations.ResultsRelative differences of ΔT1 between 7.9% and 12.7% and of ΔT2* between 13.2% and 6.0% were found.ConclusionThe proposed method provides inherently coregistered, quantitative T1 and T2* maps in both expiration and inspiration from a single measurement acquired during free breathing and is thus well suited for clinical application.J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1708–1714. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.