bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shared Decision‐Making in the Selection of Outpatient Analgesics for Older Individuals in the Emergency Department
Authors: Isaacs Cameron G. , Kistler Christine , Hunold Katherine M. , Pereira Greg F. , Buchbinder Mara , Weaver Mark A. , McLean Samuel A. , Platts‐Mills Timothy F. 
Published: April 2013

ObjectivesTo assess the relationship between older adults' perceptions of shared decision‐making in the selection of an analgesic to take at home for acute musculoskeletal pain and (1) patient satisfaction with the analgesic and (2) changes in pain scores at 1 week.DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingSingle academic emergency department.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 65 and older with acute musculoskeletal pain.MeasurementsTwo components of shared decision‐making were assessed: information provided to the patient about the medication choice and patient participation in the selection of the analgesic. Optimal satisfaction with the analgesic was defined as being “a lot” satisfied. Pain scores were assessed in the ED and at 1 week using a 0‐to‐10 scale.ResultsOf 159 individuals reached by telephone, 111 met all eligibility criteria and completed the survey. Fifty‐two percent of participants reported receiving information about pain medication options, and 31% reported participating in analgesic selection. Participants who received information were more likely to report optimal satisfaction with the pain medication than those who did not (67% vs 34%; P < .001). Participants who participated in the decision were also more likely to report optimal satisfaction with the analgesic (71% vs 43%; P = .008) and had a greater average decrease in pain score (4.1 vs 2.9; P = .05). After adjusting for measured confounders, participants who reported receiving information remained more likely to report optimal satisfaction with the analgesic (63% vs 38%; P = .04).ConclusionShared decision‐making in analgesic selection for older adults with acute musculoskeletal pain may improve outcomes.
Tooth Loss and Mortality in Elderly Japanese Adults: Effect of Oral Care
Authors: Hayasaka Kazuki , Tomata Yasutake , Aida Jun , Watanabe Takashi , Kakizaki Masako , Tsuji Ichiro 
Published: April 2013

ObjectivesTo assess whether oral care (tooth brushing, regular dental visits, and use of dentures) affects mortality in elderly individuals with tooth loss.DesignA 4‐year prospective cohort study.SettingOhsaki City, Japan.ParticipantsTwenty‐one thousand seven hundred thirty community‐dwelling individuals aged 65 and older.MeasurementsIn a baseline survey in 2006, data were collected on number of remaining teeth and oral care status as measures of dental health. Data were also collected on age, sex, education level, smoking, alcohol drinking, time spent walking daily, medical history, psychological distress, and energy and protein intake as covariates. During the 4‐year follow‐up between 2006 and 2010, information on mortality was obtained from Ohsaki City government.ResultsThe multivariate‐adjusted Cox proportional hazards model showed an inverse dose‐response relationship between number of remaining teeth and mortality (P for trend <.001). In participants with 0 to 19 teeth, practicing oral care was inversely associated with mortality. The multivariate hazard ratio for mortality in participants who practiced all three types of oral care was 0.54 (95% confidence interval = 0.45–0.64), compared with participants who practiced none of the three.ConclusionTooth brushing, regular dental visits, and use of dentures are inversely associated with mortality in elderly individuals with tooth loss.
Measuring absolute nanoparticle number concentrations from particle count time series
Authors: RÖDING M. , DESCHOUT H. , BRAECKMANS K. , RUDEMO M. 
Published: April 2013

SummarySingle‐particle microscopy is important for characterization of nanoparticulate matter for which accurate concentration measurements are crucial. We introduce a method for estimating absolute number concentrations in nanoparticle dispersions based on a fluctuating time series of particle counts, known as a Smoluchowski process. Thus, unambiguous tracking of particles is not required and identification of single particles is sufficient. However, the diffusion coefficient of the particles must be estimated separately. The proposed method does not require precalibration of the detection region volume, as this can be estimated directly from the observations. We evaluate the method in a simulation study and on experimental data from a series of dilutions of 0.2‐ and 0.5‐μm polymer nanospheres in water, obtaining very good agreement with reference values.
Long‐Term Clinical Follow‐Up after Drug‐Eluting Stent Implantation for Bare Metal In‐Stent Restenosis
Authors: BERTA BALAZS , RUZSA ZOLTAN , BARCZI GYORGY , BECKER DAVID , GELLER LASZLO , JAMBRIK ZOLTAN , MOLNAR LEVENTE , SZABO GYORGY , MERKELY BELA 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the long‐term safety and efficacy of drug‐eluting stent (DES) implantation in the treatment of diffuse bare metal stent (BMS) restenosis as compared to the treatment of de novo coronary lesions in high restenosis risk patient population.BackgroundTo date limited long‐term data are available about the treatment of BMS restenosis with DES.MethodsFive hundred and fourteen consecutive patients who underwent DES implantation between January 2003 and October 2006 at our institute were studied: 201 patients received DES for treatment of BMS restenosis and 313 patients received DES for high restenosis risk de novo lesions. Outcomes were calculated using propensity score adjustment. Mean follow‐up length was 45.6 ± 21.5 months.ResultsThe rates of acute coronary syndrome, three‐vessel disease, and diabetes were high in both restenosis and de novo groups: 44.8% versus 46.3%, 20.9% versus 28.7%, and 34.3% versus 38.9%, respectively. The incidence of ischemia‐driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) yielded similar results in the restenosis group and de novo group at 4 years (10.4% vs 12.4%, P = 0.490). All‐cause mortality was lower in the restenosis group at 4 years (7.4% vs 14.7%, P = 0.032); however, the incidence of definite and probable stent thrombosis did not differ (1.9% vs 1.6%, P = 0.708) between the 2 groups.ConclusionsDESs are safe in the treatment of diffuse BMS restenosis and the rate of additional TLR is acceptable as compared to the use of DES in de novo lesions. (J Interven Cardiol 2013;26:271–277)
A status perspective on the consequences of work group diversity
Authors: van Dijk Hans , van Engen Marloes L. 
Published: April 2013

In accounting for the positive and negative consequences of work group diversity, researchers have generally relied on the information/decision‐making (i.e., diversity as variety) and the social categorization (i.e., diversity as separation) perspective, respectively. In this conceptual paper we argue that there is a need to integrate status‐related processes (i.e., diversity as disparity) as key to understanding the outcomes of work group diversity. Based on expectation states theory, we argue that status differences between group members automatically emerge when group members differ in their characteristics and/or associated (informational) resources. These within‐group status differences lead to the formation of a status configuration, an informal social order that serves a coordination function. We propose that the effect of a status configuration on group performance depends on the interplay between the veridicality, the legitimacy and the stability of a status configuration. We discuss how our propositions can be tested and how our status perspective relates to the information/decision‐making and the social categorization perspective. We close with a discussion on the implications of our status perspective for practitioners.Practitioner Points

In diverse groups, group members tend to attribute competence (i.e., status) based on the differences between group members.

These perceived status differences in the group serve a tacit coordination function, informing group members on who is the (potentially) right person for a job.

Status differences result in detrimental performance of the group if the status that is attributed is not based on actual task competence, but enhances group performance when status aligns with competence.

When group members feel that their status in the group is lower than it ought to be, this has a negative impact on their commitment and functioning.
Changing things up in recruitment: Effects of a ‘strange’ recruitment medium on applicant pool quantity and quality
Authors: Cromheecke Saartje , Van Hoye Greet , Lievens Filip 
Published: April 2013

In a field experiment, we investigated the impact of a ‘strange’ recruitment medium on the quantity and quality of the applicant pool. Recruiting through an unusual medium (i.e., postcard) was associated with higher applicant pool quantity, as compared to a more frequently used medium (i.e., e‐mail). With respect to quality, applicants recruited through the strange medium were higher educated. A follow‐up questionnaire confirmed that the media were perceived to differ in strangeness, not in media richness or credibility. These results suggest that ‘changing things up’ in recruitment by employing strange recruitment media can positively affect key recruitment outcomes.Practitioner points

Employing ‘strange’ recruitment media can enhance the effectiveness of recruitment (i.e., applicant quantity and quality).

‘Changing things up’ in recruitment may help organizations to differentiate themselves from competitors.
Chronic treatment with the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU486 inhibits diabetes‐induced enhancement of experimental periodontitis
Authors: Breivik T. , Gundersen Y. , Gjermo P. , Opstad P.‐K. 
Published: April 2013

Background and ObjectiveChronic hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity and excessive glucocorticoid hormone release have been associated with diabetes, altered immune responses and increased susceptibility to periodontitis. In the present study we tested the impact of streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetes on ligature‐induced periodontitis and the effect of subsequent treatment with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist, RU486.Material and MethodsA single dose of STZ [45 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)] or vehicle was given 10 d before induction of ligature‐induced periodontitis and implantation subcutaneously of a drug pellet containing the GR antagonist, RU486, or a placebo pellet. Periodontitis was assessed when the ligatures had been in place for 21 d. Two hours before decapitation all rats received gram‐negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (150 μg/kg, i.p.) to induce a robust immune and stress response.ResultsCompared with control rats, STZ‐treated rats developed significantly more periodontal bone loss, and RU486 treatment of STZ ‐treated rats significantly inhibited this effect. STZ‐treated rats also showed significantly higher levels of the HPA axis‐derived hormone, corticosterone, as well as of the proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), but lower levels of the anti‐inflammatory cytokines interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) and transforming growth factor‐1beta (TGF‐1β) after LPS stimulation. GR blockade had no statistically significant effects on these measurements in diabetic rats, but tended to enhance the levels of TNF‐α and TGF‐1β, and reduce the levels of IL‐10 and blood glucose.ConclusionIn diabetic subjects, excessive GR activation as a result of chronic high levels of glucocorticoid hormones may alter immune‐system responses in a manner that may increase the susceptibility to periodontitis.
A Meta‐Analysis of Supply Chain Integration and Firm Performance
Authors: Leuschner, Rudolf , Rogers Dale S. , Charvet François F. 
Published: April 2013

As supply chain activities become more dispersed among customers, suppliers and service providers, there is an increased need for customers and suppliers to work together more closely. Supply chain integration (SCI) has been a highly researched topic during the last 20 years. A meta‐analytic approach is used to provide a quantitative review of the empirical literature in SCI, and examines relevant design and contextual factors. Eighty independent samples across 86 peer‐reviewed journal articles, yielding a total of 17,467 observations, were obtained and analyzed. While general support exists in favor of the positive impact of SCI on firm performance in the literature, this research helps clarify mixed findings that presently exist. Our results indicate that there is a positive and significant correlation between SCI and firm performance. Additional subgroups and moderators are tested and provide nuanced views of the scope and specific dimensions of SCI, firm performance and their relationships.
Percutaneous Nerve Stimulation in Chronic Neuropathic Pain Patients due to Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kopsky David Jos , Ettema Frank Willem Leo , van der Leeden Marike , Dekker Joost , Stolwijk‐Swüste Janneke Marjan 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe long‐term prognosis for neuropathic pain resolution following spinal cord injury (SCI) is often poor. In many SCI patients, neuropathic pain continues or even worsens over time. Thus, new treatment approaches are needed. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility and effect of percutaneous (electrical) nerve stimulation (P(E)NS) in SCI patients with chronic neuropathic pain.MethodsIn 18 weeks, 12 P(E)NS treatments were scheduled. Assessment with questionnaires was performed at baseline (T0), after 8 weeks (T8), 18 weeks (T18), and 12 weeks post‐treatment (T30).ResultsFrom 26 screened patients, 17 were included. In total, 91.2% questionnaires were returned, 2 patients dropped out, and 4.2% of the patients reported minor side effects. Pain scores on the week pain diary measured with the numerical rating scale improved significantly at T8, from 6.5 at baseline to 5.4, and were still significantly improved at T18. Pain reduction of ≥ 30% directly after a session was reported in 64.6% sessions. In total, 6 patients experienced reduction in size of the pain areas at T18 and T30, with a mean reduction of 45.8% at T18 and 45.3% at T30.ConclusionP(E)NS is feasible as an intervention in SCI patients and might have a positive effect on pain reduction in a part of this patient group.
From flower to seed: identifying phenological markers and reliable growth functions to model reproductive development in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.)
Authors: CLAVIJO MICHELANGELI JOSE A. , BHAKTA MEHUL , GEZAN SALVADOR A. , BOOTE KENNETH J. , VALLEJOS C EDUARDO 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe lack of dependable morphological indicators for the onset and end of seed growth has hindered modeling work in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). We have addressed this problem through the use of mathematical growth functions to analyse and identify critical developmental stages, which can be linked to existing developmental indices. We performed this study under greenhouse conditions with anAndean and aMesoamerican genotype of contrasting pod and seed phenotypes, and three selected recombinant inbred lines. Pods from tagged flowers were harvested at regular time intervals for various measurements. Differences in flower production and seed and pod growth trajectories among genotypes were detected via comparisons of parameters of fitted growth functions. Regardless of the genotype, the end of pod elongation marked the beginning of seed growth, which lasted until pods displayed a sharp decline in color, or pod hue angle. These results suggest that the end of pod elongation and the onset of color change are reliable indicators of important developmental transitions in the seed, even for widely differing pod phenotypes. We also provide a set of equations that can be used to model different aspects of reproductive growth and development in the common bean.
Comparison of outcomes of hand‐assisted laparoscopic to open donor nephrectomy for pediatric recipients
Authors: Baron Pedro W. , Brooks Jaysson , Baldwin D. Duane , Cutler Drew , Kore Arputharaj , Elihu Arvand , de Vera Michael , Sahney Shobha 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to compare the outcome of pediatric recipients of kidneys procured using a hand‐assisted laparoscopic (HALDN group) to an open technique (ODN group). Twenty‐eight patients ≤18 yr old (HALDN group) were compared with 17 patients (ODN group). The serum creatinine for HALDN and ODN groups at discharge were 0.93 ± 0.48 and 0.94 ± 0.54 mg/dL (p = 0.917), respectively. The serum creatinine for HALDN and ODN groups at six and 12 months was 1.01 ± 0.44 and 1.11 ± 0.55, and 1.04 ± 0.52 and 1.14 ± 0.46 mg/dL (p = 0.516, p = 0.554), respectively. The eGFR for HALDN and ODN groups at discharge was 108.66 ± 37.23 and 106.1 ± 50.55 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p = 0.845), respectively. The eGFR for HALDN and ODN groups at six and 12 months was 97.77 ± 28.25 and 81.73 ± 27.46, and 94.56 ± 28.3 and 85.74 ± 30.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p = 0.085, p = 0.344), respectively. The patient and graft survival for both groups were 100% at 12 months post‐transplant. In conclusion, the short‐term outcome of recipients of kidneys procured via HALDN is comparable to that of kidneys procured via ODN in pediatric patients.
Pediatric acute liver failure: Etiology, outcomes, and the role of serial pediatric end‐stage liver disease scores
Authors: Rajanayagam Jeremy , Coman David , Cartwright David , Lewindon Peter J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractTo describe etiology, short‐term outcomes and prognostic accuracy of serial PELD scores in PALF. Retrospective analysis of children aged ≤16 yr, admitted with PALF under the QLTS, Brisbane, Australia, between 1991 and 2011. PELD‐MELD scores were ascertained at three time points (i) admission (ii), meeting PALF criteria, and (iii) peak value. Fifty‐four children met criteria for PALF, median age 17 months (1 day–15.6 yr) and median weight 10.2 kg (1.9–57 kg). Etiology was known in 69%: 26% metabolic, 15% infective, 13% drug‐induced, 6% autoimmune, and 9% hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Age <3 months and weight <4.7 kg predicted poor survival in non‐transplanted children. Significant independent predictors of poor outcome (death or LT) were peak bilirubin > 220 μm/L and peak INR > 4. Serial PELD‐MELD scores were higher in the 17 (32%) transplant recipients (mean: [i] 26.8, [ii] 31.8, [iii] 42.6); highest in the 12 (22%) non‐transplanted non‐survivors (mean: [i] 31.6, [ii] 37.2, [iii] 45.7) compared with the 25 (46%) transplant‐free survivors (mean: [i] 25.3, [ii] 26.0, [iii] 30.3). PELD‐MELD thresholds of ≥27 and ≥42 at (ii) meeting PALF criteria and (iii) peak predicted poor outcome (p < 0.001). High peak bilirubin and peak INR predict poor outcome and serial PELD‐MELD is superior to single admission PELD‐MELD score for predicting poor outcome.
Ethnic Differences in the Initiation and Duration of Breast Feeding – Results from the Born in Bradford Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Santorelli Gillian , Petherick Emily , Waiblinger Dagmar , Cabieses Baltica , Fairley Lesley 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundInitiation of breast feeding and duration of any breast feeding are known to differ by ethnic group, but there are limited data on differences in exclusive breast feeding. This study aimed to determine if there are ethnic differences in the initiation and duration of any and exclusive breast feeding.MethodsBreast‐feeding data were obtained from a subsample of 1365 women recruited to a multi‐ethnic cohort study (Born in Bradford) between August 2008 and March 2009. Poisson regression was used to investigate the impact of socio‐economic, life style and birth factors on ethnic differences in the prevalence of breast feeding.ResultsCompared with white British mothers, initiation of breast feeding was significantly higher in all ethnic groups and this persisted after adjustment for socio‐economic, life style and birth factors [Pakistani: prevalence rate ratio (PRR) = 1.19 (95% confidence interval 1.10, 1.29); Other South Asian: PRR = 1.29 (1.18, 1.42); Other ethnicities: PRR = 1.33 (1.21, 1.46)]. There were no differences in exclusive breast feeding at 4 months [Pakistani: PRR = 0.77 (0.54, 1.09); Other South Asian: PRR = 1.55 (0.99, 2.43); Other ethnicities: PRR = 1.50 (0.88, 2.56)]. Any breast feeding at 4 months was significantly higher in mothers of all non‐white British ethnicities [Pakistani: PRR = 1.27 (1.02, 1.58); Other South Asian: PRR = 1.99 (1.52, 2.62); Other ethnicities: 2.45 (1.86, 3.21)].ConclusionsWhilst women of ethnic minority groups were significantly more likely to initiate breast feeding and continue any breast feeding for 4 months compared with white British women, the rates of exclusive breast feeding at 4 months were not significantly different once socio‐economic, life style and birth factors were accounted for.
Social Modifications of the Multiple Birth Effect on IQ and Body Size: a Population‐Based Study of Young Adult Males
Authors: Silventoinen Karri , Myrskylä Mikko , Tynelius Per , Yokoyama Yoshie , Rasmussen Finn 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundTwins and triplets fall behind singletons in cognitive and physical development. We analysed whether these differences are modified by family social position.MethodsIQ, height, body mass index (BMI) and elbow flexion, handgrip and knee extension strength were measured in Swedish men born between 1951 and 1976 during the conscription examination at 17 to 20 years of age. Information from Swedish registers on all siblings and parental socio‐economic position were linked to these measures. Together, the measures were available for 1 140 329 singletons, 19 755 twins and 207 triplets. The data were analysed using regression analyses and fixed‐effect models which compare twins and triplets with their singleton brothers.ResultsTwins and triplets had slightly lower IQ, height, BMI and muscle strength than did singletons both at the population level as well as when compared with their singleton brothers. Although the differences between twins and triplets were small, they were largest in families with lower socio‐economic position. We also found larger differences in IQ among the sons of mothers born before 1940.ConclusionsTwins and triplets fall slightly behind singletons in cognitive and physical development, even in early adulthood, but twins and triplets show no major differences. These differences are largest in families in a low socio‐economic position. Our results underscore the importance of the postnatal environment in the development of twins and triplets and suggest that their parents, especially those in a low socio‐economic position, need special support.
Constitution, Over Determination and Causal Power
Authors: Garrett Brian Jonathan 
Published: April 2013

AbstractKim's exclusion argument threatens to show that irreducible constituted objects are epiphenomenal. Kim's arguments are examined and found to be unconvincing; that a constituted cause requires its constituent to be a cause is not an adequate reason to reject the causation of the constituted object (event or property‐instance). However, I introduce and argue for, the Causal Power Uniqueness Condition (CPUC). I argue that CPUC and the causal closure of the physical, implies that constituted objects or property‐instances are not novel causal powers.