bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Time Use Patterns and Influences on Unpaid Work: Findings from the 2019 Indian Time Use Survey
Authors: Aastha  
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to investigate the gender patterns and determinants of unpaid work within the context of India. The primary objectives are two-fold: first, to analyze the time utilization patterns of both men and women in paid, unpaid, and leisure activities, and second, to explore the factors influencing unpaid work. The methodology employed in this study relies on secondary data, specifically the unit-level data from the Indian Time Use Survey conducted in 2019. Descriptive analysis utilized to dissect time allocation patterns. Additionally, the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method has been employed to examine the relationships between unpaid time and other explanatory variables. The findings of this study reveal significant disparities in unpaid work between men and women, irrespective of whether they reside in urban or rural areas. Women consistently allocate more time to unpaid work than men. Furthermore, the research identifies key determinants of unpaid time, including gender, marital status, level of education, and usual employment status, all of which play pivotal roles in shaping time allocation patterns. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the intricate dynamics of unpaid work, emphasizing its gendered nature and the multifaceted factors that underpin these disparities. Understanding these patterns and determinants is crucial for informing policies aimed at promoting gender equality and addressing domestic and care-related responsibilities.
A estratégia narrativa em Insubmissas lágrimas de mulheres: uma leitura interseccional
Authors: Lira Albânia Celi Morais de Brito 
Published: July 2024

Personagens e escritoras negras têm sido marcadas por ausências e estereótipos dentro do sistema literário nacional. Conceição Evaristo tem, ao longo de décadas como escritora negra, feito o enfrentamento a essas marcações. A escrevivência, escrita marcada pela condição de mulher negra proposta por Evaristo (2005), para sua prática como escritora, é a estratégia narrativa de enfrentamento ao cânone, na medida em que descortina processos de violência e silenciamento de personagens femininas. Dessa forma, este artigo tem por objetivo analisar como se estabelece esse enfrentamento na obra Insubmissas lágrimas de mulheres (2011). Como a narradora interliga as narrativas e personagens a partir de seus relatos de violência e de como subverteram tais violências para contar suas experiências. Pretende-se, portanto, a partir da perspectiva de Cândido (2011) acerca da literatura como direito humano, estabelecer diálogo com a narrativa de Evaristo, a fim de se apontar como a autora constrói uma teia de resistência de personagens femininas negras dando-lhes a voz e o lugar nas narrativas. Para fundamentar tal objetivo, o presente artigo toma por base pesquisadoras do feminismo negro, cujos debates apontam para a interseccionalidade, como Gonzalez (1984), Akotirene (2019), Collins (2016), Crenshaw (2002), a partir das quais se realiza a revisão bibliográfica. Com essa leitura da obra, resta demonstrada a intencionalidade da escrevivência, como estratégia narrativa para dar voz e visibilidade a personagens femininas tradicionalmente silenciadas e estereotipadas pelo cânone.
Hermetia illucens en la alimentación de aves
Authors: Roso Molina Myriam Amparo , Rodríguez Colorado Nancy 
Published: July 2024

A medida que aumenta la población humana se incrementa el consumo de los animales y con ello la producción y alimentación animal, generando presión sobre el medio ambiente, los recursos hídricos y la biodiversidad, contribuyendo al cambio climático; así mismo, aumenta la cantidad de desechos orgánicos generados que se consideran una amenaza para la salud humana y el ambiente. Por esto, se requieren nuevas estrategias para la producción de alimentos para animales y humanos y la mitigación de los impactos ambientales. Una de estas estrategias es la producción de insectos para alimentación animal y humana, que generan un alto potencial nutritivo mejorando la sostenibilidad de los sistemas productivos y contribuyendo al mejoramiento ambiental. Atendiendo la necesidad en el aumento de la demanda de proteína de origen animal dado el crecimiento poblacional, la Hermetia illucens, es uno de los insectos considerados como beneficiosos y eficientes, ya que se alimentan de materia orgánica en descomposición en su fase larvaria, por lo cual difícilmente está asociada con la transmisión de enfermedades. Con el manejo de residuos por la Hermetia illucens se estima una posible solución en el problema ambiental y en el abastecimiento del alimento para los animales de forma que no se afecten los cultivos nativos.
7 Parashikuesit gjeografikë të demografisë fisnore të Shqipërisë veriore në fillim të shekullit 20
Authors: Elic M Weitzel Erina Baci Daniel Plekhov  
Published: July 2024

Meqenëse strukturat shoqërore fisnore kanë qenë prej kohësh mbizotëruese në speciet tona, njohja dhe kuptimi i shtytësve të demografisë fisnore ka një rëndësi të madhe. Në këtë shkrim, ne hulumtojmë efektet e mundshme të disa faktorëve gjeografikë në madhësinë e popullsisë te fiset veriore shqiptare të fillimit të shekullit të 20-të. Përmes një analize të krahasimit të modelit të të dhënave të popullsisë nga dyzet e gjashtë fise, ne hetojmë se si madhësia e popullsisë fisnore u ndikua nga pjerrësia e vendit, produktiviteti primar neto, disponueshmëria e ujit, numri i fiseve fqinje dhe distanca nga qendrat urbane. Rezultatet tona sugjerojnë se përderisa pjerrësia e vendit dhe numri i fiseve fqinje janë parashikuesit më të mirë të disponueshëm, aftësia e tyre e përgjithshme për të parashikuar madhësinë e popullsisë fisnore shqiptare në fillim të shekullit të 20-të është e dobët. Një faktor i pa hulumtuar, siç është pasuria fisnore (si toka, bagëtitë, infrastruktura ose aleanca martesore) mund të jetë një shtytës më i rëndësishëm i madhësisë së popullsisë, por ndoshta ka më shumë gjasa që dekadat e konfliktit në fund të shekullit të 19-të dhe në fillim të shekullit të 20-të të riformësuan peizazhin demografik të Shqipërisë veriore dhe errësuan çdo ndikim gjeografik paraekzistues në demografinë fisnore.
A trajetória da personagem Silvério em <i>Os pretos de Pousaflores</i>, de Aida Gomes
Authors: SILVA FABIO MARIO DA 
Published: July 2024

RESUMO: Este artigo apresenta as principais características e a fortuna crítica do romance Os pretos de Pousaflores, de Aida Gomes, publicado em 2011 pela Dom Quixote. Contudo, meu interesse principal é observar o trajeto da personagem Silvério, que vive em dois espaços, Angola e Portugal, e em dois períodos históricos importantes, como o colonial e a subsequente independência do país africano. A intenção é perceber como essa persona-gem é importante para compreender algumas dinâmicas culturais e sociais que se insta-laram durante o período tão sensível da história angolana e portuguesa, revelando que as personagens com quem Silvério se cruza ajudam a entender certas posturas de opressão.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Silvério; opressão; Os pretos de Pousaflores; Aida Gomes.

ABSTRACT: This article presents the main features and the critical reception of the novel Os pretos de Pousaflores [The Blacks of Pousaflores] by Aida Gomes, published in 2011 (Dom Quixote). My focus is on the trajectory of the character Silvério, who inhabits two spaces (Angola and Portugal) and two distinct historical periods (before and after the overthrow of Portuguese colonialism). Our aim is to assess the importance this char-acter has for our understanding of the cultural and social dynamics of this sensitive period in Angolan and Portuguese history and, in particular, to demonstrate the extent to which the characters who cross Silvério’s path help us understand certain racist atti-tudes and oppressive behaviors.

KEYWORDS:

Silvério; oppression; Os pretos de Pousaflores [The Blacks of Pousaflores]; Aida Gomes.
The Influence of Work Motivation on Indomaret Employee Performance
Authors: Hilmi Mohadi , Ashab Muhammad Nurul , Sari Nana 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: This research aims to investigate the influence of motivation on employee performance at the Indomaret retail company. As a leading company in the retail industry in Indonesia, employee performance at Indomaret is an important factor in maintaining competitiveness and meeting dynamic market demands. The concept of motivation, which has long been a focus of attention in the human resource management literature, plays an important role in shaping employee behavior and productivity.
Methods: Data collection was carried out offline by distributing questionnaires to Indomaret employees in Malang. The number of research samples used purposive techniques and a sample of 32 samples was obtained. The research data analysis method uses simple linear regression, then the research instrument is tested using product moment for validity testing and Cronbach's alpha for reliability testing.
Results: The results of this research show that work motivation has a positive effect on employee performance.
Conclusion and suggestion: It is hoped that the results of this research can provide concrete input for Indomaret management in designing more effective employee motivation policies. It is also hoped that these findings can contribute to human resource management literature, especially in the context of the retail industry in Indonesia. In addition, it is hoped that this research can pave the way for further, more in-depth research regarding motivation strategies that can improve employee performance in the competitive retail industry.
Analisis Sistem Pendidkan Islam Menurt Pemikiran KH Imam Zarkasyi
Authors: Aisyah Azni 
Published: July 2024

Introduction: KH Imam Zarkasyi merupakah ilmuan muslim yang sukses dalam menerapkan sistem Pendidikan islam bebasis kurikulum kurikulum (Kulliyatul Mu’allimin Al-Islamiyah) di pesantren gontor berupa gabungan dari sistem Pendidikan klasikal dan sistem Pendidikan berasrama yaitu mempertahankan kajian kitab kuning dengan cara kitab-kitab kuning dikemas sedemikian rupa kedalam buku teks pelajaran.
Methods: Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif, dengan analisis kajian kepustakaan.
Results: Materi dan kurikulum Pendidikan Dalam Kurikulum pondok pesantren gontor Imam Zarkasyi menerapkan kurikulum itu dengan rata yaitu 100% umum dan 100% agama, beliau tidak memisahkan keduanya.
Conclusion and suggestion: Imam Zarkasyi merupakan seorang pemikir pembaruan pendidikan islam dan pelaksana ide-ide Pendidikan. Pemikiran-pemikiran beliau lebih banyak diterapkan ke dalam Pondok Pesantran Darusalam Gontor. Secara garis besar pemikiran Pendidikan KH. Imam Zarkasyi meliputi empat hal pokok, yaitu system dan metode Pendidikan, materi dan kurikulum Pendidikan, struktur dan manajemen, dan pola pikir dan kebebasan.
Work-family conflict in social economy organisations. Individual differences in the employees’ demographic profile
Authors: Villajos Esther , Pérez-Nebra Amalia , Legarra Maite , Elio Eunate 
Published: July 2024

The changes and diversity in the demographic profile of the Spanish workforce have sparked a great deal of interest, particularly in human resource management. Examining the intricate balance that individuals and organisations strike between family, gender, and work responsibilities becomes particularly crucial, especially in the context of families with children. The conflict between work and family may originate in either domain. Thus, the direction of the conflict becomes relevant at both a personal and organisational level, to understand whether work interferes with family (WFC), or family interferes with work (FWC). However, in social economy organisations these conflicts might be exhibited differently, given how these types of organisations tend to be more horizontal, social, feminine, and participative. This means that the conflict between family and work could be less harmful. With this in mind, our goal was to analyse whether children, based on their age, influence work-family conflict, and to assess any gender differences. Results revealed some differences regarding the age of children in the work-family and family-work conflict between women and men. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed throughout the paper.
Associations between SNPs and vegetation indices: unraveling molecular insights for enhanced cultivation of tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)
Authors: Kuzmina Daria , Malyukova Lyudmila S. , Manakhova Karina , Kovalenko Tatyana , Fedorina Jaroslava , Matskiv Aleksandra O. , Ryndin Alexey V. , Gvasaliya Maya V. , Orlov Yuriy L. , Samarina Lidiia S. 
Published: July 2024

Background
Breeding programs for nutrient-efficient tea plant varieties could be advanced by the combination of genotyping and phenotyping technologies. This study was aimed to search functional SNPs in key genes related to the nitrogen-assimilation in the collection of tea plant Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze. In addition, the objective of this study was to reveal efficient vegetation indices for phenotyping of nitrogen deficiency response in tea collection.

Methods
The study was conducted on the tea plant collection of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze of Western Caucasus grown without nitrogen fertilizers. Phenotypic data was collected by measuring the spectral reflectance of leaves in the 350–1100 nm range calculated as vegetation indices by the portable hyperspectral spectrometer Ci710s. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in 30 key genes related to nitrogen assimilation and tea quality. For this, pooled amplicon sequencing, SNPs annotation and effect prediction with SnpEFF tool were used. Further, a linear regression model was applied to reveal associations between the functional SNPs and the efficient vegetation indices.

Results
PCA and regression analysis revealed significant vegetation indices with high R2 values (more than 0.5) and the most reliable indices to select ND-tolerant genotypes were established: ZMI, CNDVI, RENDVI, VREI1, GM2, GM1, PRI, and Ctr2, VREI3, VREI2. The largest SNPs frequency was observed in several genes, namely F3’5’Hb, UFGTa, UFGTb, 4Cl, and AMT1.2. SNPs in NRT2.4, PIP, AlaDC, DFRa, and GS1.2 were inherent in ND-susceptible genotypes. Additionally, SNPs in AlaAT1, MYB4, and WRKY57, were led to alterations in protein structure and were observed in ND-susceptible tea genotypes. Associations were revealed between flavanol reflectance index (FRI) and SNPs in ASNb and PIP, that change the amino acids. In addition, two SNPs in 4Cl were associated with water band index (WBI).

Conclusions
The results will be useful to identify tolerant and susceptible tea genotypes under nitrogen deficiency. Revealed missense SNPs and associations with vegetation indices improve our understanding of nitrogen effect on tea quality. The findings in our study would provide new insights into the genetic basis of tea quality variation under the N-deficiency and facilitate the identification of elite genes to enhance tea quality.
Characteristics of pebble‐ and cobble‐sized clasts along the Curiosity rover traverse from Bradbury Landing to Rocknest
Authors: Yingst R. A. , Kah L. C. , Palucis M. , Williams R. M. E. , Garvin J. , Bridges J. C. , Bridges N. , Deen R. G. , Farmer J. , Gasnault O. , Goetz W. , Hamilton V. E. , Hipkin V. , Jensen J. K. , King P. L. , Koefoed A. , Le Mouélic S. P. , Madsen M. B , Mangold N. , Martinez‐Frias J. , Maurice S. , McCartney E. M. , Newsom H. , Pariser O. , Sautter V. H. , Wiens R. C. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWe have assessed the characteristics of clasts along Curiosity's traverse to shed light on the processes important in the genesis, modification, and transportation of surface materials. Pebble‐ to cobble‐sized clasts at Bradbury Landing, and subsequently along Curiosity's traverse to Yellowknife Bay, reflect a mixing of two end‐member transport mechanisms. The general clast population likely represents material deposited via impact processes, including meteorite fragments, ejecta from distant craters, and impactites consisting of shocked and shock‐melted materials from within Gale Crater, which resulted predominantly in larger, angular clasts. A subset of rounded pebble‐sized clasts has likely been modified by intermittent alluvial or fluvial processes. The morphology of this rounded clast population indicates that water was a more important transporting agent here than at other Mars sites that have been studied in situ. Finally, we identified populations of basalt clasts and porphyritic clasts of undetermined composition by their morphologic and textural characteristics; basalts are confirmed by geochemical data provided by ChemCam.
Schizophrenia
Authors: Hoftman Gil D , Lewis David A 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSchizophrenia has a long history of misunderstanding that continues to challenge clinicians and researchers today. This devastating disease is surprisingly common, affecting approximately half to 1% of the world's population. Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric syndrome characterised by psychotic symptoms (e.g., delusions and hallucinations), emotional dysregulation, and deficits in attention and short‐term memory. This syndrome results from a complex interplay between environmental factors and genetic susceptibility, and is typically treated with antipsychotic medications and psychosocial therapies. Substantial evidence suggests that schizophrenia is a disorder of neurodevelopment and that psychotic symptoms may actually represent a late stage of the illness process, not the onset.Key Concepts:Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric syndrome characterised by delusions and hallucinations, emotional dysregulation and cognitive dysfunction.Schizophrenia is caused by a complex interplay of environmental factors and inherited genetic susceptibility.Schizophrenia is now considered to be a neurodevelopmental disorder in which psychosis represents a late, and potentially preventable, outcome of the illness.The neurobiological basis of schizophrenia includes widespread impairments in cortical and subcortical neural circuits including the prefrontal cortex and alterations in a variety of neurotransmitter systems.Schizophrenia is mainly treated with antipsychotic medications and psychosocial therapies.
Xylem Structure and Function
Authors: Myburg Alexander A , Lev‐Yadun Simcha , Sederoff Ronald R 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Xylem is the specialised tissue of vascular plants that transports water and nutrients from the plant–soil interface to stems and leaves, and provides mechanical support and storage. The water‐conducting function of xylem is one of the major distinguishing features of vascular plants. Water is the primary solvent for plant nutrition and metabolism, and is essential for photosynthesis, turgor and for transport of minerals, hormones and other signalling molecules. The water‐conducting xylem cells provide an internal hydrophobic surface facilitating water transport as well as mechanical strength. The xylem cells also support the weight of the water transported upward in the plant and the weight of the plant itself. For many trees, xylem is wood, which has been an essential raw material for human societies since antiquity, providing structural material, fuel and fibre. Modification of xylem by genetic engineering may lead to better energy sources, improved raw materials and wood products.

Key Concepts:

Xylem is the tissue of vascular plants that transports water and nutrients from the soil to the stems and leaves.

Xylem plays an essential ‘supporting’ role providing strength to tissues and organs, to maintain plant architecture and resistance to bending.

The water‐transporting cells of mature xylem are dead, and therefore the transport of water is mostly a passive process with a very small active root pressure component.

In most woody plants, xylem grows by the division and differentiation of cells of a bifacial lateral meristem, the vascular cambium, which produces secondary xylem and phloem.

Xylem is wood, one of the world's most abundant and valuable renewable raw materials.

The morphology, frequency and distribution of xylem cell types determine its biological, physical and chemical properties, and the resulting properties of wood.

The chemical and physical properties of wood determine its role in the carbon cycle through its carbon storing capacity and its resistance to decay when alive or dead, and in various sediments.

The chemical and physical properties of wood are themselves determined by the composition and interactions of the three polymers, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.

The difference between a woody and herbaceous plant depends on the expression of a small number of regulatory genes controlling the duration and quantity of xylem formation.

Genetic engineering has great potential to develop xylem with desired qualities for specific purposes.
Absolute Pitch: Genetics
Authors: Gregersen Peter K 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Absolute pitch (AP) is a cognitive trait characterised by the ability to identify or name the pitch of a musical note or ambient sound without the use of a reference pitch. It is rare in the general population, and relatively uncommon even in musicians. AP displays familial aggregation and has recently been shown to be strongly associated with synaesthesia. Genetic linkage analysis has identified regions on several chromosomes that contain genes involved in both AP and synaesthesia.

Key Concepts:

Absolute pitch is an example of a discrete and easily measurable cognitive trait that has a strong genetic component.

Absolute pitch ability is not restricted to musicians.

Absolute pitch is associated with other distinctive cognitive traits such as synaesthesia.

The genes for absolute pitch are likely to be involved in brain development and cortical connectivity.

The elucidation of the genetic basis for absolute pitch will provide insight into general aspects of brain development and biology.