bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic Evidence of Femoroacetabular Impingement in Athletes With Athletic Pubalgia
Authors: Economopoulos Kostas J. , Milewski Matthew D. , Hanks John B. , Hart Joseph M. , Diduch David R. 
Published: November 2013

Background: Two of the most common causes of groin pain in athletes are femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and athletic pubalgia. An association between the 2 is apparent, but the prevalence of radiographic signs of FAI in patients undergoing athletic pubalgia surgery remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of radiologic signs of FAI in patients with athletic pubalgia. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that patients with athletic pubalgia would have a high prevalence of underlying FAI. Study Design: Case series. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients evaluated at our institution with athletic pubalgia who underwent surgical treatment (ie, for sports hernia) from 1999 to 2011 was performed. The radiographs of patients with athletic pubalgia were reviewed for radiographic signs of FAI. Alpha angles were measured using frog-leg lateral radiographs. Pincer lesions were identified by measuring the lateral center-edge angle and identifying the presence of a “crossover” sign on anteroposterior radiographs. Phone follow-up was performed 2 years or more after the initial sports hernia surgery to evaluate recurrent symptoms. Results: Forty-three patients underwent 56 athletic pubalgia surgeries. Radiographic evidence of FAI was identified in at least 1 hip in 37 of 43 patients (86%). Cam lesions were identified in 83.7% of the population; the alpha angle averaged 66.7° ± 17.9° for all hips. Pincer lesions were present in 28% of the hips. Eight patients had recurrent groin pain, 3 patients had revision athletic pubalgia surgery, and 1 had hip arthroscopy. Conclusion: The study demonstrates a high prevalence of radiographic FAI in patients with athletic pubalgia. Clinical Relevance: Underlying FAI may be a cause of continued groin pain after athletic pubalgia surgery. Patients with athletic pubalgia should be evaluated closely for FAI.
How I treat unexplained refractory iron deficiency anemia
Authors: Hershko Chaim , Camaschella Clara 
Published: November 2013

AbstractEndoscopic gastrointestinal workup fails to establish the cause of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in a substantial proportion of patients. In patients referred for hematologic evaluation with unexplained or refractory IDA, screening for celiac disease, autoimmune gastritis, Helicobacter pylori, and hereditary forms of IDA is recommended. About 4% to 6% of patients with obscure refractory IDA have celiac disease, and autoimmune gastritis is encountered in 20% to 27% of patients. Stratification by age cohorts in autoimmune gastritis implies a disease presenting as IDA many years before the establishment of clinical cobalamin deficiency. Over 50% of patients with unexplained refractory IDA have active H pylori infection and, after excluding all other causes of IDA, 64% to 75% of such patients are permanently cured by H pylori eradication. In young patients with a history suggestive of hereditary iron deficiency with serum ferritin higher than expected for IDA, mutations involving iron trafficking and regulation should be considered. Recognition of the respective roles of H pylori, autoimmune gastritis, celiac disease, and genetic defects in the pathogenesis of iron deficiency should have a strong impact on the current diagnostic workup and management of unexplained, or refractory, IDA.
Some new iterated Hardy-type inequalities: the case "Equation missing"
Authors: Gogatishvili Amiran , Mustafayev Rza , Persson Lars-Erik 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this paper we characterize the validity of the Hardy-type inequality

∥

∥

∫
s
∞

h
(
z
)

d
z
∥

p
,
u
,
(
0
,
t
)

∥

q
,
w
,
(
0
,
∞
)

≤
c

∥
h
∥

1
,
v
,
(
0
,
∞
)

,

where

0
<
p
<
∞

,

0
<
q
≤
+
∞

, u, w and v are weight functions on

(
0
,
∞
)

. It is pointed out that this characterization can be used to obtain new characterizations for the boundedness between weighted Lebesgue spaces for Hardy-type operators restricted to the cone of monotone functions and for the generalized Stieltjes operator.

MSC:26D10, 46E20.
Solving a class of functional equations using fixed point theorems
Authors: Liu Zeqing , Dong Haijiang , Kang Shin Min 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This paper is concerned with solvability of a class of functional equations arising in dynamic programming of multistage decision processes. Using the fixed point theorems due to Banach and Liu-Ume-Kang and iterative algorithms, some sufficient conditions which ensure the existence, uniqueness and iterative approximations of solutions for the functional equation in the Banach spaces

B
C
(
S
)

and

B
(
S
)

and the complete metric space

B
B
(
S
)

are provided. Four examples are constructed to illustrate the results presented in this paper.

MSC:49L20, 90C39.
Riemann-Liouville fractional Hermite-Hadamard inequalities. Part II: for twice differentiable geometric-arithmetically s-convex functions
Authors: Liao YuMei , Deng JianHua , Wang JinRong 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Motivated by the definition of geometric-arithmetically s-convex functions in (Shuang et al. in Analysis 33:197-208, 2013) and second-order fractional integral identities in (Zhang and Wang in J. Inequal. Appl. 2013:220, 2013; Wang et al. in Appl. Anal. 2012, doi:10.1080/00036811.2012.727986), we establish some interesting Riemann-Liouville fractional Hermite-Hadamard inequalities for twice differentiable geometric-arithmetically s-convex functions via beta function and incomplete beta function.

MSC:26A33, 26A51, 26D15.
Some coincidence and common fixed point theorems for ordered Prešić-Reich type contractions
Authors: Shukla Satish , Radojević Slobodan , Veljković Zorica A , Radenović Stojan 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to prove some coincidence and common fixed point theorems for ordered Prešić-Reich type contractions in ordered metric spaces. Results of this paper generalize and extend several known results from metric spaces into product spaces when the underlying space is an ordered metric space. An example illustrates the case when new results can be applied while old ones cannot.
CEG: a database of essential gene clusters
Authors: Ye Yuan-Nong , Hua Zhi-Gang , Huang Jian , Rao Nini , Guo Feng-Biao 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Essential genes are indispensable for the survival of living entities. They are the cornerstones of synthetic biology, and are potential candidate targets for antimicrobial and vaccine design.

Description
Here we describe the Cluster of Essential Genes (CEG) database, which contains clusters of orthologous essential genes. Based on the size of a cluster, users can easily decide whether an essential gene is conserved in multiple bacterial species or is species-specific. It contains the similarity value of every essential gene cluster against human proteins or genes. The CEG_Match tool is based on the CEG database, and was developed for prediction of essential genes according to function. The database is available at http://cefg.uestc.edu.cn/ceg.

Conclusions
Properties contained in the CEG database, such as cluster size, and the similarity of essential gene clusters against human proteins or genes, are very important for evolutionary research and drug design. An advantage of CEG is that it clusters essential genes based on function, and therefore decreases false positive results when predicting essential genes in comparison with using the similarity alignment method.
A modified TALEN-based system for robust generation of knock-out human pluripotent stem cell lines and disease models
Authors: Frank Stefan , Skryabin Boris V , Greber Boris 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) have emerged as a tool for enabling targeted gene editing and disruption in difficult systems, such as human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). The modular architecture of TAL effectors theoretically enables targeting of any genomic locus and several cloning systems for custom TALEN assembly have recently been established. However, there is a lack of versatile TALEN expression systems applicable to hPSCs.

Results
Here, we extend an existing TALE assembly system by a dual set of expression vectors for efficient application of TALEN technology in hPSCs. This is characterized by improved TALEN architecture as well as antibiotic resistance and fluorescent reporter cassettes, thus enabling enrichment for transfected cells.
Improved functionality of the combined system was demonstrated by targeted disruption of the HPRT1 gene to create isogenic disease models of Lesch-Nyhan-Syndrome. Using female hPSCs, homozygous disruption of HPRT1 occurred at efficiencies of up to 15%. Differentiating isogenic knock-out cells both into central nervous system (CNS) as well as into sensory-like neurons recapitulated previously described phenotypes based on patient-specific induced PSCs and extended these findings to non-CNS neurons, respectively.

Conclusion
The combined vector system allows for flexible and affordable generation of knock-out hPSCs lines, thus enabling investigation of developmental processes as well as the generation of isogenic disease models without the need for patient material.
c-KIT signaling is targeted by pathogenic Yersiniato suppress the host immune response
Authors: Micheva-Viteva Sofiya N , Shou Yulin , Nowak-Lovato Kristy L , Rector Kirk D , Hong-Geller Elizabeth 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
The pathogenic Yersinia species exhibit a primarily extracellular lifestyle through manipulation of host signaling pathways that regulate pro-inflammatory gene expression and cytokine release. To identify host genes that are targeted by Yersinia during the infection process, we performed an RNA interference (RNAi) screen based on recovery of host NF-κB-mediated gene activation in response to TNF-α stimulation upon Y. enterocolitica infection.

Results
We screened shRNAs against 782 genes in the human kinome and 26 heat shock genes, and identified 19 genes that exhibited ≥40% relative increase in NF-κB reporter gene activity. The identified genes function in multiple cellular processes including MAP and ERK signaling pathways, ion channel activity, and regulation of cell growth. Pre-treatment with small molecule inhibitors specific for the screen hits c-KIT and CKII recovered NF-κB gene activation and/or pro-inflammatory TNF-α cytokine release in multiple cell types, in response to either Y. enterocolitica or Y. pestis infection.

Conclusions
We demonstrate that pathogenic Yersinia exploits c-KIT signaling in a T3SS-dependent manner to downregulate expression of transcription factors EGR1 and RelA/p65, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study is the first major functional genomics RNAi screen to elucidate virulence mechanisms of a pathogen that is primarily dependent on extracellular-directed immunomodulation of host signaling pathways for suppression of host immunity.
Cloning and expression of an active aspartic proteinase from Mucor circinelloides in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Gama Salgado Jose Antonio , Kangwa Martin , Fernandez-Lahore Marcelo 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Extracellular aspartic proteinase (MCAP) produced by Mucor circinelloides in solid state fermentations has been shown to possess milk clotting activity and represents a potential replacement for bovine chymosin in cheese manufacturing. Despite its prospects in the dairy industry, the molecular characteristics of this enzyme remain unknown. This work focuses on MCAP cloning and optimization of heterologous expression in Pichia pastoris, and characterization of the enzyme.

Results
The cloning of cDNA sequence encoding MCAP from M. circinelloides was performed using a fragment of approximately 1 kbp as a probe. The fragment was amplified using non-specific primers designed from the NDIEYYG and KNNYVVFN consensus motifs from aspartic proteinases of different fungi. Gene specific primers were designed to amplify a full-length cDNA using SMART™ RACE PCR. MCAP was expressed in P. pastoris under the control of the constitutive GAP promoter. It was shown that P. pastoris secreted non-glycosylated and glycosylated MCAPs with molecular weights of 33 and 37 kDa, respectively.

Conclusion
A novel MCAP was expressed in P. pastoris and efficiently secreted into the culture medium. The expression of the heterologous proteins was significantly increased due to advantages in codon usage as compared to other expression systems. The results suggest that P. pastoris could be exploited as a safe production platform for the milk clotting enzyme.
Limited utilization of serologic testing in patients undergoing duodenal biopsy for celiac disease
Authors: Wiland Homer O , Henricks Walter H , Daly Thomas M 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Clinical algorithms for the workup of celiac disease often recommend the use of serologic assays for initial screening, followed by duodenal biopsy for histologic confirmation. However, the majority of duodenal biopsies submitted to pathology for “rule out celiac” are negative. The objective of this study was to determine the underlying causes for this low diagnostic yield.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review of pathology reports from 1432 consecutive duodenal biopsies submitted for pathologic assessment to “rule out celiac” and correlated biopsy results with results for concurrent serologic testing for celiac autoantibodies.

Results
The majority of patients had no record of serologic testing prior to biopsy, and evidence of positive serology results was found in only 5% of patients. Most duodenal biopsies were submitted as part of a multi-site GI sampling strategy that included biopsies from other locations. In this context, serologic results correlated with the likelihood of significant duodenal and non-duodenal findings, and were also helpful in evaluating patients with indeterminate duodenal histology.

Conclusions
The presence of a positive screening test for celiac autoantibodies does not appear to be a major driver in the decision to submit duodenal biopsies for evaluation of celiac disease, which accounts for the low incidence of findings in these samples. In patients where celiac serology testing was performed, the results were a good predictor of the likelihood of findings on biopsy.
Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among pregnant women and hospitalized children in Palestine
Authors: Neirukh Tahani , Qaisi Ayda , Saleh Niveen , Rmaileh Areej Abu , Zahriyeh Eman Abu , Qurei Lina , Dajani Firas , Nusseibeh Taghreed , Khamash Hatem , Baraghithi Sabri , Azzeh Maysa 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common cause of congenital infections. The maternal immune status plays a major role in the likelihood of congenital infection. The aim of this study is to shed light on the seroprevalence of HCMV in pregnant women, hospitalized children and newborns including cases of congenital infections in Palestine.

Methods
We analyzed HCMV IgG and IgM test results that had been ordered for pregnant women, hospitalized children and newborns in the years 2006–2012 at Al-Makassed Islamic Charitable Hospital (MICH) in East Jerusalem. Furthermore, we reviewed the medical charts of newborns and HCMV IgM-positive children.

Results
HCMV IgG was positive in 96.6% of pregnant women, in 88% of hospitalized children and in 98.4% of hospitalized newborns. HCMV IgM was positive in 11.5% of pregnant women, in 11.7% of hospitalized children and in 2% of hospitalized newborns respectively. The HCMV avidity assay revealed that 95% of IgM-positive pregnant women had high avidity (>60%) indicating that most Palestinian women were undergoing a recurrent HCMV infection. Real time PCR on limited number of cases indicated that 62.5% of infants, mostly born to IgM-positive mothers and 83.3% of HCMV IgM-positive children had detectable HCMV DNA in their urine. Out of the 249 newborns tested during this study period, four (1.6%) were subjected to Gancyclovir treatment because of symptomatic congenital HCMV infection.

Conclusions
This is the first report to provide an insight into HCMV seroprevalence in Palestine. Despite the high rate of seropositivity, the importance of HCMV testing during pregnancy should not be underestimated. A comprehensive study with a long term follow-up examination of offspring born to HCMV IgM-positive mothers would be required to provide estimates of an accurate percentage of symptomatic congenital HCMV infection in Palestine.
Deliveries among teenage women – with emphasis on incidence and mode of delivery: a Swedish national survey from 1973 to 2010
Authors: Tyrberg Rasmus Birch , Blomberg Marie , Kjølhede Preben 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Since the 1970-ies Sweden has actively developed strategies in social care, education and health care in order to counteract the negative consequences of adolescent parenthood. The aims of this study are to determine the annual incidence of singleton delivery among adolescents 1973–2010 and analyse obstetric and neonatal outcomes.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study, using data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register was conducted. All singleton deliveries in Sweden between 1973 and 2010 were included. Totally 1,941,940 women had 3,761,576 deliveries during the period. Analyses of obstetric and neonatal outcome were restricted to 1992–2010. Adolescents were subdivided into three groups: <16 years (n = 472), 16–17 years (n = 5376), 18–19 years (n = 23560). The reference group consisted of women age 20–30 years (n = 893505). Data were analysed using multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for confounding factors and presented as crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence interval.

Results
The annual incidence of teenage births decreased significantly from 7.7 to 1.6%. Teenagers were more likely to deliver normally vaginally (aOR 1.70 (95%CI 1.64-1.75), less likely to have Caesarean section (aOR 0.61 (95%CI 0.58-0.64), and had a greater risk of delivering prematurely (< 28 weeks)(aOR 1.61 (95%CI 1.31-2.00), but did not have more small-for-gestational-age babies (aOR 1.07 (95%CI 0.99-1.14). Risks of placenta previa, postpartum haemorrhage > 1000 ml and perineal rupture were significantly lower among teenagers. Although the rate with Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes was similar the teenager’s neonates showed less fetal distress and meconium aspiration.

Conclusion
Adolescent births have steadily decreased in Sweden. Adolescents were more likely to be delivered vaginally than the adult women. The risks for obstetric maternal complications for adolescents were lower than for adult women except for the risk of prematurity.
Cytosolic and nuclear caspase-8 have opposite impact on survival after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Koschny Ronald , Brost Sylvia , Hinz Ulf , Sykora Jaromir , Batke Emanuela M , Singer Stephan , Breuhahn Kai , Stremmel Wolfgang , Walczak Henning , Schemmer Peter , Schirmacher Peter , Ganten Tom M 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundAn imbalance between proliferation and apoptosis is one of the main features of carcinogenesis. TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) induces apoptosis upon binding to the TRAIL death receptors, TRAIL receptor 1 (TRAIL-R1) and TRAIL-R2, whereas binding to TRAIL-R3 and TRAIL-R4 might promote cell survival and proliferation. The anti-tumor activity of TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 agonists is currently investigated in clinical trials. To gain further insight into the regulation of apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we investigated the TRAIL pathway and the regulators of apoptosis caspase-8, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 in patients with HCC regarding patient survival.MethodsWe analyzed 157 hepatocellular carcinoma patients who underwent partial liver resection or orthotopic liver transplantation and healthy control liver tissue using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays for the expression of TRAIL-R1 to TRAIL-R4, caspase-8, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. Immunohistochemical data were evaluated for potential associations with clinico-pathological parameters and survival.ResultsWhereas TRAIL-R1 was downregulated in HCC in comparison to normal liver tissue, TRAIL-R2 and –R4 were upregulated in HCC, especially in G2 and G3 tumors. TRAIL-R1 downregulation and upregulation of TRAIL-R2 and TRAIL-R4 correlated with tumor dedifferentiation (G2/G3). TRAIL-R3, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 showed no differential expression in tumor tissue compared to normal tissue. The expression levels of TRAIL receptors did not correlate with patient survival after partial hepatectomy. Interestingly, in tumor tissue, but not in normal hepatocytes, caspase-8 showed a strong nuclear staining. Low cytosolic and high nuclear staining intensity of caspase-8 significantly correlated with impaired survival after partial hepatectomy, which, for cytosolic caspase-8, was independent from tumor grade.ConclusionsAssessment of TRAIL-receptor expression patterns may have therapeutic implications for the use of TRAIL receptor agonists in HCC therapy. Tumor-specific nuclear localisation of caspase-8 in HCC suggests an apoptosis-independent function of caspase-8 and correlates with patient survival.
A cyclic nucleotide sensitive promoter reporter system suitable for bacteria and plant cells
Authors: Wheeler Janet I , Freihat Lubna , Irving Helen R 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) have roles in relaying external signals and modifying gene expression within cells in all phyla. Currently there are no reporter systems suitable for bacteria and plant cells that measure alterations in downstream gene expression following changes in intracellular levels of cyclic nucleotides. As the plant protein OLIGOPEPTIDE TRANSPORTER X (OPTX) is upregulated by cGMP, we fused the OPTX promoter to a luciferase reporter gene (OPTX:LUC) to develop a plant cell reporter of cGMP-induced gene expression. We prepared a second construct augmented with three mammalian cGMP response elements (OPTXcGMPRE:LUC) and a third construct containing five gibberellic acid response elements (OPTXGARE:LUC). All three constructs were tested in bacteria and isolated plant protoplasts.

Results
Membrane permeable cGMP enhanced luciferase activity of OPTX:LUC and OPTXGARE:LUC in protoplasts. Treatment with the plant hormone gibberellic acid which acts via cGMP also generated downstream luciferase activity. However, membrane permeable cAMP induced similar responses to cGMP in protoplasts. Significantly increased luciferase activity occurred in bacteria transformed with either OPTXcGMPRE:LUC or OPTXGARE:LUC in response to membrane permeable cAMP and cGMP. Bacteria co-transformed with OPTXcGMPRE:LUC or OPTXGARE:LUC and the soluble cytoplasmic domain of phytosulfokine receptor1 (PSKR1; a novel guanylate cyclase) had enhanced luciferase activity following induction of PSKR1 expression.

Conclusions
We have developed promoter reporter systems based on the plant OPTX promoter that can be employed in bacteria and isolated plant cells. We have shown that it can be used in bacteria to screen recombinant proteins for guanylate cyclase activity as increases in intracellular cGMP levels result in altered gene transcription and luciferase activity.