bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nachweis und Bestimmung eines Hyaluronat-Protein-Komplexes in der Peritonealflüssigkeit von Ratten nach Injektion von Phytohämagglutinin / Occurence and Estimation of a Hyaluronate Protein Complex in the Peritoneal Fluid of Rats after Injection of Phytohemagglutinin
Authors: Greiling H. , Mohr W. , Beneke G. 
Published: February 2015

In the peritoneal fluid of rats hyaluronate is produced after intraperitoneal injection of phytohemagglutinin.
The hyaluronate concentration was quantitated spectrophotometrically after enzymatic degradation by hyaluronatlyase and a maximum amount of 90 mg% hyaluronate was found after intraperitoneal injection. The production of hyaluronate after phytohemagglutinin injection is dependent on the time and concentration of the phytohemagglutinin. Maximum hyaluronate synthesis is about 48 h after phytohemagglutinin, after this time the hyaluronate concentration is decreased.
After phytohemagglutinin stimulation we isolated a hyaluronate protein complex from the peritoneal fluid by cetylpyridinium chloride precipitation followed by chromatography on Biogel P-150. The dominating amino acids were aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
On the Biosynthesis of the Benzimidazole Bases Occurring in Corrinoids
Authors: Renz Paul , Bauer-David Andrée J. 
Published: February 2015

A hypothesis by Bernhauer on the biosynthesis of the benzimidazole bases of corrinoids implicates the possible existence of a corrinoid containing 6′,7′-dimethylnaphtho- (2′,3′) -imidazole-4,5 (DMNIA). In order to facilitate the detection of this corrinoid in natural sources by means of a reference compound, DMNIA was synthesized and added to cultures of Propionibacterium shermanii. Thus the new vitamin B12-analog DMNIA-cobamide was formed. The DMNIA-cobamide was degraded and its base isolated. This base had the same UV-spectrum and electrophoretic behaviour as the product prepared by chemical synthesis. On degradation of DMNIA-cobamide with cerous hydroxide DMNIA-α-D-ribofuranoside is formed. Perchloric acid treatment of DMNIA-cobamide yields DMNIA-α-D-ribofuranoside 3′-phosphate. The microbiological activity of DMNIA-cobamide cyanide tested with the vitamin B,12-requiring Lactobacillus leichmannii ATCC 7830 was equal to the activity of vitamin B12, with the Escherichia coli-mutant 113-3 it exhibited about 50% of the growth-activity of vitamin B12.
DMNIA-cobamide coenzyme shows approximately 10% of the coenzymatic activity of coenzyme B12 in the propanediol dehydrase reaction.
High Protective Action against Gamma Radiation Damage, by a Tryptophan-ethanol Mixture
Authors: Sánchez G. , Hasbún S. , Díaz E. , Grez M. , Lyon F. , Pieber M. , Romero C. , tohá J. C. 
Published: February 2015

Between a group of non sulphydryl radioprotectors (methanol, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, formiate, acetate, ethanol and tryptophan); ethanol and tryptophan were selected because its high protector action on irradiated purine and pyrimidine bases. At molarities of the order of 10—4 for tryptophan-ethanol and bases and DNA the respective DRF values were: for guanine: 20.58; for adenine: 3.75; for thymine: 4.94; for cytosine: 5.52; for uracil: 5.43; and for DNA: 18.95. For irradiated seeds protected with tryptophan-ethanol (1.5 × 10—3M; 2.6 × 10—2 M) the DRF value was of 3.33 and radiation damage becames evident only after a total dose of 2 × 104 rads.
A partial different mechanisms for radioprotection with ethanol and tryptophan is postulated; this is supported by the fact that when tryptophan molarities attains that of protected DNA, there are a rapid increase in its values of DRF, crossing up the ethanol protection curve.
Actually tryptophan could act not only as a radical scavenger, but also, as localized radical quenchor and/or energy trapper.
Stimulierung von Kulturen embryonaler Rattenzellen durch Kälberserum / Stimulation of Embryonic Rat Cells in Culture by Calf Serum
Authors: Grimm Johanna , Frank Werner 
Published: February 2015

Embryonic rat cells cultured in a synthetic medium are stopped in G1 phase if serum is omitted from the culture medium. On addition of calf serum these cells resume DNA synthesis after a lag phase of 15—20 hours. In the present paper the events concerning the metabolism of adenosine phosphates after stimulation by serum have been examined. The results are the following:
1. The concentration of cAMP in cells which have been incubated for 24 hours in serum-free medium is 32 times higher than that in cells growing in medium containing 10 per cent calf serum; the accumulated cAMP is metabolized within 10 min after the addition of 10 per cent calf serum. This has been confirmed by a double labelling technique after preincubation with radioactive adenosine as well as by estimation of cAMP using a protein-binding assay.
2. A cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase is activated shortly after stimulation; the enzyme activity in dialysed cell homogenates is increased within 30 min by a factor of 2.
3. Cells incubated in serum-free and those in serum-containing medium have equal amounts of ATP. On addition of serum the ATP concentration in cells preincubated in serum-free medium decreases by 27%; the original level is restored 20—30 min later.
Über die Reaktion von Vanillin mit phenolischen Verbindungen / Concerning the Reaction of Vanillin with Phenolic Compounds
Authors: Hagemann H. , Imkampe K. 
Published: February 2015

Electron densities at the nucleus of several simple phenols and plant phenols such as catechin and quercetin are calculated by the HMO-method.
We found a correlation between the maximum of the electron density at the nucleus and the extinction value of the reaction product with vanillin. With the exception of quercetin an explanation is given by the HMO-calculation. Investigations into the structure of the reaction products have been carried out.
The Structure of Lipids and Proteins Studied by Attenuated Total-Reflection (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Fringeli U. P. , Müldner H. G. , Günthard Hs. H. , Gasche W. , Leuzinger W. 
Published: February 2015

The structure of tripalmitin multilayers prepared by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique has been investigated within room temperature and 62°C using infrared internal reflection spectroscopy (ATR). It was found that the bilayer structure exhibits crystalline features with pseudo hexagonal structure. The methylene groups of the hydrocarbon chains are in the all-trans-zig-zag conformation, oriented perpendicularly to the germanium internal reflection plate. Increasing temperature produces at first a continuous conformational change in the glycerol part of the molecule. This process is extended over nearly 10° and followed by sudden melting (disordering) of the hydrocarbon chains within 1°.
In comparison microcrystalline tripalmitin shows an identical infrared spectrum and analogous behaviour at increased temperatures. This indicates that the bilayer structure (head-head, tail-tail) also exicts in the crystal.
Biosynthesis of Furocoumarins: Further Studies on Ruta graveolens
Authors: Dall’Acqua F. , Capozzi A. , Marciani S. , Caporale G. 
Published: February 2015

The Authors have studied the biosynthesis of some furocoumarins contained in Ruta graveolens. Labeled 5,7- and 7,8-dihydroxycoumarins have been administered to the herb, however practically no incorporation of radioactivity was observed in the isolated furocoumarins. Moreover, with the aim to study in a more detailed way the role of rutaretin and marmesin, trapping experiments have been performed administering to the herb labeled umbelliferone together with unlabeled rutaretin and marmesin respectively. A very effective incorporation was observed into marmesin, in lesser extent into rutaretin.
In trapping experiments carried out using labeled rutaretin together with unlabeled marmesin and “vice versa”, the results obtained clearly show that while marmesin was converted into rutaretin in a very effective way, rutaretin was transformed into marmesin only in a smaller extent.
The Authors suggest the biogenetic origin of rutaretin and moreover formulate a new and more detailed aspect of the scheme for the biosynthetic pathway of furocoumarins in Ruta graveolens.
Effect of Thio- and Hydrazino-derivatives of Uracil, 6-Azauracil and 6-Azathymine on the Growth of Some Microorganisms in Vitro
Authors: Spassov Alexander , Golovinsky Evgeny , Spassovska Nadejda , Maneva Liliana 
Published: February 2015

The antibacterial activity of 2-thiouracil, 2-methylthiouracil, 2-hydrazinouracil, 2,4-dithiouracil, 2-thio-4-hydrazinouracil, 2-thio-6-azathymine, 2-hydrazino-6-azathymine, 2,4-dithio-6-azathymine, 2-thio-4-hydrazino-6-azathymine, 2,4-dimethylthio-6-azathymine, 2-methylthio-4-hydrazino-6-azathymine, 4-thio-6-azauracil and 4-hydrazino-6-azauracil has been studied on the growth of: Staphylococcus aureus 209, Streptococcus faecalis 775, Escherichiia coli 387, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida tropicalis and Neurospora crassa 9863.
The highest inhibitory effect was observed with 4-hydrazino-derivatives of 2-thiouracil, 6-azauracil and 2-thio-6-azathymine.
Röntgenphotoelektronenspektroskopische Untersuchungen an einigen planaren Pseudohalogeno-d8-Übergangsmetallkomplexen / X-ray Photoelectron Spectra of Some Planar Pseudohalogeno-d8-Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Holsboer F. , Beck W. 
Published: February 2015

X-ray photoelectron spectra, pseudohalide complexes of gold (III), linkage isomerism
Core binding energies of metals in the isomeric (Ph3As) 2Pd (NCS) 2 and (Ph3As) 2Pd (SCN) 2, and in [AsPh4] [AuX4] (X = CN-, tetrazolate, Cl-, N3
-) are reported. S- and N-Bonding mode can be distinguished in accord with semiemperical MO-calculations. XPS-results are correlated with Mößbauer spectra and the metal-cyanide and metal-tetrazolate bonds are discussed.
Lack of Citrate Lyase — the Key Enzyme of the Reductive Carboxylic Acid Cycle — in Chlorobium thiosulfatophilum and Rhodospirillum rubrum
Authors: Beuscher Norbert , Gottschalk Gerhard 
Published: February 2015

Extracts of Chlorobium thiosulfatophilum and of Rhodospirillum rubrum have been tested for the presence of citrate lyase under various conditions. This enzyme could not be detected. It is, therefore, concluded that a complete reductive carboxylic acid cycle does not occur in these microorganisms.
The enzymes required for a-ketoglutarate synthesis from oxaloaetate and acetyl-coenzyme A are present in autotrophically grown cells of C. thiosulfatophilum and R. rubrum. This supports the view that a reaction sequence catalyzing the conversion of α-ketoglutarate into oxaloacetate is unlikely to exist in these bacteria.
Potentiometrische Analyse der Kinetik des gegenläufigen Nettotransports von K- und H-Ionen durch die Membran von E. coli B / Potentiometric Analysis of the Kinetics of the Counter-current Net Transport of K- and H-Ions across the Membrane of E. coli B
Authors: L′Orange Raul , Frommer-Evers Beate 
Published: February 2015

Potassium measurements were carried out continuously with a potassiumselective electrode of the ORION type by compensation of the uptake of starved bacteria. The output of H+-ions was simultaneously registered by a pH-stat. Addition of either glucose, pyruvate or lactate triggers different iontransport velocities across the bacterial membrane. K+ obeys saturation kinetics not only referring to the external concentration of K+, but also with respect to the concentration of lactate and the same applies to the velocity of the extruded He-ions referring only to lactate.
It could be demonstrated that an exchange for H+-ions is not an indispensable condition for the uptake of K+-ions by E. coli.
Die Beeinflussung des Flügelmusters vom Tagpfauenauge, Inachis io L. (Nymphalidae-Lepidoptera), durch physikalische Faktoren und seine radioaktive Markierbarkeit / The Influence of the Wing-pattern of the Peacock Butterfly, Inachis io L. (Nymphalidae-Lepidoptera), by Physical Factors and its Ability to be Radioactively Marked
Authors: Hamm Rainer , Lüdicke Manfred 
Published: February 2015

The different radioautographic patterns were observed on the upper surface of fore wings of Inachis io L. when 35S-sodium sulfate, 3H-tryptophane and 14C-hydrolysed protein were orally applied or injected to the larvae or pupae of the butterfly.

35S-sodium sulfate and 3H-tryptophane were found in ommochrome containing scale areas, whereas 14C-hydrolysed protein could be detected only in melanine containing scale areas by radioautographic methods. These results prove that the 35S-sodium sulfate can be utilized in the synthesis of ommatin D as ester of sulfuric acid.
By means of particular UV-radiation the colour and form of wings were changed. This change is either due to the interruption of the flow of determination responsible for the formation of pattern or the blockage of lymphatic fluid. The radioautographic pattern of the treated wing shows also the change of form, colour and position of the scale areas.
Oxygen Consumption by Liver and Kidney Slices of Uromastix Hardwickii
Authors: Ali Athar H. S. , Hasnain S. N. , Zain-Ul-Abedin M. 
Published: February 2015

1. The carbohydrates were oxidized at a significantly faster rate by the kidney than by the liver slices of uromastix.
2. The amount of oxygen consumed by the liver and kidney slices of uromastix is of the similar magnitude
Fragmentbildung und Ionenausbeute der Tetramethylverbindungen von Si, Ge, Sn und Pb in Abhängigkeit von der Elektronenstoßenergie im Massenspektrometer / Fragmentations and Ion Yields of the Tetramethyl Compounds of Si, Ge, Sn and Pb in Dependence of the Electron Impact Energy in a Mass Spectrometer
Authors: Heumann K. G. , Bächmann K. , Kubassek E. , Lieser K. H. 
Published: February 2015

In this study the behaviour of the tetramethyl compounds of Si, Ge, Sn and Pb in an ion source was investigated by mass spectrometry under equal conditions. A systematic investigation of the fragment formation and of the ion yield as a function of the electron impact energy and the atomic number of the central atom in the tetramethyl compounds was carried out.
In all cases the trimethyl ions show the highest intensity in the whole energy range from 15 to 100 eV electron impact energy. At an electron impact energy of 20 eV the number of peaks having a high intensity in the mass spectrum is rather small. The relative stability of the trimethyl ions can be ascribed to their even electron number. Besides, the trimethyl ions are isoelectronic with the trivalent compounds of the III A group. The decreasing intensity of the trimethyl ions and the increasing intensity of the monomethyl ions with higher atomic number of the central atom can be explained by the increasing stability of the lower oxidation state.
The ion yield of the sum of all fragments containing a metal atom reaches a maximum in the case of Ge(CH3)4 and decreases from Ge(CH3)4 to Pb(CH3)4. The tendency of the ion yields of the metal containing fragments is parallel to the values of the electronegativities calculated by ALLRED and ROCHOW. The tendency of the ion yields and the localization of the positive charge after the ionization are discussed in detail.
Untersuchungen an biochemisch wirksamen Ligandensystemen, VII
Authors: Fritz Heinz P. , Tiedt Friedemann 
Published: February 2015

The infrared spectra of N, N’-Di-β-chlorethylethylenediamine and the complexes of Cu (II), Zn(II) and Pt (II) are discussed. Their structures follow from IR-spectra.
The rates of solvolysis of N, N’-Di-β-chlorethylethylenediamine and the Zn(II) complex in basic D2O/DMSO-solution have been studied by nuclear magnetic resonance.
Vierzig Jahre „penta-ammine effect” / Forty Years of Penta-ammine Effect
Authors: Gorski N. 
Published: February 2015

The actual aspect of knowledge on the state of copper ammine complexes in aqueous solution was discussed. It was concluded, that the Cu(II)-ion has the coordination number of 5 contrary to the value of 6 assumed today.
The structure of CuN5-chromophores in aqueous solution indicate, that the development of the penta-ammine effect is based on their higher ligand fields symmetries forced by formation of CuN5-chromophores comparised with CuN4-chromophores.
Neue Einlagerungsverbindungen von Kaolinit, Nakrit, Dickit, Halloysit und Titandisulfid mit Imidazol und Methylimidazol / New Layer Intercalation Compounds of Kaolinite, Nacrite, Dickite, Halloysite and Titandisulfide with Imidazole and Methylimidazole
Authors: Weiss, A. , Orth H. 
Published: February 2015

The layer silicates kaolinite, nacrite, dickite, halloysite as well as metal disulfides react with imidazole or methylimidazoles, yielding layer-intercalation-compounds; e.g. TiS2. 0,72 imidazole or Al4(OH)8 Si4O10 · 1.72 imidazole. In TiS2 the organic guest molecules are arranged in bilayers, with the plane of their rings tilted against the layers of the host lattice. H-Substitution by -CH3 on the nitrogen does not increase the spacing, while methyl-substitution on carbon-2 causes an increase of about 4 A.
The arrangement is different from that in the layer silicates kaolinite, nacrite, dickite and halloysite, wherein the imidazole molecules are ordered in monolayers, the aromatic plane lying perpendicular to the silicate layers.
Die Kristallstrukturen von TIPbI3 und Tl4PbI6 / The Crystal Structures of TlPbI3 and Tl4PbI6
Authors: Stoeger W. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
TlPbI3, which is prepared from PbI2 and TlI by the BRIDGMAN-STOCKBARGER technique, crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Cmcm with a = 4.625(2), b = 14.885(4), c = 11.857(4) Å, Z = 4. Tl4PbI6 is prepared from PbI2 and TlI in n/10 HCl under hydrothermal conditions. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbam with a = 19.117(9), b = 9.877(9), c = 4.586(4) Å, Z = 2. Both structures were solved by direct methods. Both compounds contain PbI6-octahedra which are found in PbI2 and the structural elements of TlI
Charge Transfer Complexes of Nickel Dithiolenes with Methyl Viologen
Authors: Kisch Horst , Fernández Asunción 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Charge-transfer Complexes, Nickel Dithiolenes. Methyl Viologen, X-Ray Anionic nickel dithiolenes form crystalline charge-transfer complexes with methyl viologen in its oxidized and reduced forms. X-ray analysis reveals that the planar acceptor methyl viologen interacts with the planar dithiolene donor via an expected parallel and a novel perpendicular arrangement.
Evaluation of a Quality Improvement Intervention to Increase Use of Telephonic Interpretation
Authors: Lion K. Casey , Ebel Beth E. , Rafton Sarah , Zhou Chuan , Hencz Patty , Mangione-Smith Rita 
Published: February 2015

BACKGROUND:
Language barriers are associated with poor health care outcomes, and barriers exist for timely in-person interpretation. Although available on-demand, telephonic interpretation remains underutilized. This study evaluates whether a quality improvement (QI) intervention was associated with rates of interpretation and parent-reported language service use at a children’s hospital.

METHODS:
The QI intervention was developed by a multidisciplinary team and included provider education, electronic alerts, standardized dual-handset telephones, and 1-touch dialing in all hospital rooms. Interpreter use was tracked for 12 months before, 5 months during, and 12 months after the intervention. Weekly rates of interpretation per limited English proficient (LEP) patient-day were evaluated by using segmented linear regression. LEP parents were surveyed about professional interpretation and delays in care. Responses before, during, and after the intervention were compared by using the χ2 test for trend.

RESULTS:
Telephonic interpretation rates increased by 53% after the intervention (baseline 0.38 per patient-day, increased 0.20 [0.13–0.28]). Overall (telephonic and in-person) interpretation increased by 54% (baseline 0.96, increased by 0.51 [0.38–0.64]). Parent-reported interpreter use improved, including more frequent use of professional interpreters (53.3% before, 71.8% during, 69.3% after, P trend = .001), less frequent use of ad hoc interpreters (52.4% before, 38.1% during, 41.4% after, P trend = .03), and fewer interpretation-related delays in care (13.3% before, 7.9% during, 6.0% after, P trend = .01).

CONCLUSIONS:
This QI intervention was associated with increased telephonic interpreter use and improved parent-reported use of professional language services. This is a promising approach to deliver safe, timely, and equitable care for the growing population of LEP children and families.
Wyzwania duszpasterskie wobec osób w podeszłym wieku
Authors: Przygoda Wiesław 
Published: February 2015

Specyfika wieku senioralnego, coraz lepiej rozpoznawana przez gerontologię, psychologię, socjologię i nauki pokrewne, stanowi wyzwanie dla współczesnego Kościoła, który pragnie wszystkie grupy swoich wiernych otaczać adekwatną do ich potrzeb troską duszpasterską. W tym opracowaniu zostaną przedstawione najpierw specyficzne potrzeby religijne ludzi w podeszłym wieku, następnie cele i formy duszpasterstwa seniorów, by w końcowej części skoncentrować się na tym, co z punktu widzenia samych zainteresowanych wydaje się bezcenne, a mianowicie na aktywizacji apostolskiej ludzi starszych. W Polsce świeccy katolicy w podeszłym wieku są niezastąpionymi apostołami, szczególnie w dziedzinie budowania więzi rodzinnych, działalności charytatywnej, zbawczym przeżywaniu cierpienia i modlitwie. Zadaniem duszpasterzy jest natomiast formacja apostolska seniorów, a także animacja apostolskich grup ludzi starych w parafiach.
Importancia y aporte del sector cooperativo en el desarrollo humano: un análisis empírico para el caso costarricense
Authors: Li-Bonilla Federico , Sandoval José F. 
Published: February 2015

Para la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (onu), el modelo cooperativo es un pilar de suma importancia en el desarrollo de muchas comunidades, países y regiones a nivel global. Aunque es común inferir la existencia de una relación directa entre el cooperativismo y el desarrollo socioeconómico de las regiones, esta relación ha sido escasamente estudiada desde el punto de vista económico. Es por ello que en este artículo se presentan los principales hallazgos surgidos a partir del uso de la teoría económica y de técnicas econométricas para medir esa relación. El análisis empírico se realiza con base en una muestra de datos de corte transversal para los 81 cantones del país, y busca abrir una nueva línea de investigación que permita medir la contribución del sector cooperativo al desarrollo costarricense y construir un nuevo pensamiento sobre el desarrollo del sector cooperativo en Costa Rica.