bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Sexual-Cycle-Specific Gene Silencing in Aspergillus nidulans
Authors: Czaja Wioletta , Miller Karen Y , Miller Bruce L 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
We report a novel sexual-cycle-specific gene-silencing system in the genetic model Aspergillus nidulans. Duplication of the mating type matAHMG gene in this haploid organism triggers Mat-induced silencing (MatIS) of both endogenous and transgenic matA genes, eliminates function of the encoded SRY structural ortholog, and results in formation of barren fruiting bodies. MatIS is spatiotemporally restricted to the prezygotic stage of the sexual cycle and does not interfere with vegetative growth, asexual reproduction, differentiation of early sexual tissues, or fruiting body development. MatIS is reversible upon deletion of the matA transgene. In contrast to other sex-specific silencing phenomena, MatIS silencing has nearly 100% efficiency and appears to be independent of homologous duplicated DNA segments. Remarkably, transgene-derived matA RNA might be sufficient to induce MatIS. A unique feature of MatIS is that RNA-mediated silencing is RNA interference/Argonaute-independent and is restricted to the nucleus having the duplicated gene. The silencing phenomenon is recessive and does not spread between nuclei within the common cytoplasm of a multinucleate heterokaryon. Gene silencing induced by matA gene duplication emerges as a specific feature associated with matAHMG regulation during sexual development.
Canonizing relations on nonsmooth sets
Authors: Conley Clinton T. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe show that any symmetric, Baire measurable function from the complement ofE0to a finite set is constant on anE0-nonsmooth square. A simultaneous generalization of Galvin's theorem that Baire measurable colorings admit perfect homogeneous sets and the Kanovei-Zapletal theorem canonizing Borel equivalence relations onE0-nonsmooth sets, this result is proved by relatingE0-nonsmooth sets to embeddings of the complete binary tree into itself and appealing to a version of Hindman's theorem on the complete binary tree. We also establish several canonization theorems which follow from the main result.
Impact of Critical Limb Ischemia on Long-Term Cardiac Mortality in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization
Authors: Liistro Francesco , Angioli Paolo , Grotti Simone , Brandini Rossella , Porto Italo , Ricci Lucia , Tacconi Danilo , Ducci Kenneth , Falsini Giovanni , Bellandi Guido , Bolognese Leonardo 
Published: January 2013

OBJECTIVE
Development of critical limb ischemia (CLI) has been reported as an independent predictor of cardiac mortality in diabetic patients. We aimed to determine whether CLI, managed in a structured setting of close collaboration between different vascular specialists and treated with early endovascular intervention, has any impact on long-term cardiac mortality of diabetic patients initially presenting with symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We designed a prospective observational study of 764 consecutive diabetic patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in whom development of CLI was assessed by a dedicated diabetic foot clinic. Cardiac mortality at 4-year follow-up was the primary end point of the study.

RESULTS
Among the 764 patients, 111 (14%) developed CLI (PCI-CLI group) and underwent revascularization of 145 limbs, with procedural success in 140 (96%). PCI-CLI patients at baseline had lower left ventricular ejection fraction (51 ± 11% vs. 53 ± 10%, P = 0.008), higher prevalence of dialysis (7% vs. 0.3%, P &lt; 0.0001), and longer diabetes duration (13 ± 8 vs. 11 ± 7 years, P = 0.02) compared with PCI-only patients. At 4-year follow-up, cardiac mortality occurred in 10 (9%) PCI-CLI patients vs. 42 (6%) PCI-only patients (P = 0.2). Time-dependent Cox regression model for cardiac death revealed that CLI was not associated with an increased risk of cardiac mortality (hazard ratio 1.08 [95% CI 0.89–3.85]; P = 0.1).

CONCLUSIONS
The development of promptly assessed and aggressively treated CLI was not significantly associated with increased risk of long-term cardiac mortality in diabetic patients initially presenting with symptomatic CAD.
Television Viewing and Low Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Adolescence Independently Predict the Metabolic Syndrome in Mid-Adulthood
Authors: Wennberg Patrik , Gustafsson Per E. , Dunstan David W. , Wennberg Maria , Hammarström Anne 
Published: January 2013

OBJECTIVE
We investigated whether television (TV) viewing and low leisure-time physical activity in adolescence predict the metabolic syndrome in mid-adulthood.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
TV viewing habits and participation in leisure-time physical activity at age 16 years were assessed by self-administered questionnaires in a population-based cohort in Northern Sweden. The presence of the metabolic syndrome at age 43 years was ascertained in 888 participants (82% of the baseline sample) using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Odds ratios (ORs) and CIs were calculated using logistic regression.

RESULTS
The overall prevalence of the metabolic syndrome at age 43 years was 26.9%. Adjusted OR for the metabolic syndrome at age 43 years was 2.14 (95% CI 1.24–3.71) for those who reported “watching several shows a day” versus “one show/week” or less and 2.31 (1.13–4.69) for leisure-time physical activity “several times/month” or less compared with “daily” leisure-time physical activity at age 16 years. TV viewing at age 16 years was associated with central obesity, low HDL cholesterol, and hypertension at age 43 years, whereas low leisure-time physical activity at age 16 years was associated with central obesity and triglycerides at age 43 years.

CONCLUSIONS
Both TV viewing and low leisure-time physical activity in adolescence independently predicted the metabolic syndrome and several of the metabolic syndrome components in mid-adulthood. These findings suggest that reduced TV viewing in adolescence, in addition to regular physical activity, may contribute to cardiometabolic health later in life.
Neurologic Disorder Masquerading as Postpregnancy Progression of Keratoconus
Authors: Srivastava Samaresh , Kankariya Vardhaman P , Shetty Rohit , D’Souza Sharon , Vasavada Viraj , Wadia Kareeshma 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT
A 28-year-old woman with bilateral stable keratoconus for 2 years came with a complaint of recent blurring of vision 4 weeks postpartum. Her best-corrected visual acuity had dropped by three lines in the right eye and two lines in the left eye with the same manifest refraction. Corneal topography and Scheimpflug imaging revealed mild progression of the keratoconus, but not enough to explain the drop in visual acuity. However, fundus examination revealed temporal disk pallor in both eyes. Visual field analysis revealed classic bitemporal hemianopia. Subsequently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain was performed which revealed a pituitary macroadenoma with pituitary apoplexy that was impinging on the pons. Based on these findings, urgent neurosurgery was performed, and the patient regained her visual acuity and fields 2 weeks later. Neuro-ophthalmologic disorders should always be kept as a differential diagnosis in pregnant and postpartum women. A high index of suspicion from the ophthalmologist can often avert life-threatening problems.

Key message
Neuro-ophthalmologic disorders can masquerade as a variety of clinical presentations in pregnant and postpartum women. A high index of suspicion from the ophthalmologist can often avert life-threatening problems.

How to cite this article
Shetty R, D’Souza S, Kankariya VP, Srivastava S, Vasavada V, Wadia K. Neurologic Disorder Masquerading as Postpregnancy Progression of Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2012;1(3):205-208.
Barreto, “bairro operário”: trabalhadores, política e associativismo em uma comunidade operária fluminense nos anos 1940 e 1950.
Authors: Amaral Luciana Pucu Wollmann do 
Published: January 2013

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar aspectos concernentes à vida política e social dos trabalhadores/ moradores do Barreto, antigo bairro operário localizado na cidade de Niterói-RJ, nos anos 1940 e 1950. Este período, comumente chamado de “era do populismo”, foi considerado o “auge” da prosperidade econômica do bairro e também o momento de maior expressão política do mesmo no cenário político niteroiense e fluminense.Além de sua intensa atividade industrial e comercial, o Barreto contava com opções de lazer variadas (clubes fabris, associações recreativas e desportivas, blocos carnavalescos, etc.) que certamente contribuíram para o reforço de uma identidade operária e comunitária específica, ao passo que também se apresentavam como locais de disputa de diferentes forças políticas que se tornaram mais evidentes, sobretudo, no período pós-Estado Novo.Abstract: This article aims to analyze aspects related to political and social workers´s residents of Barreto, the former working class neighborhood in the city of Niterói, RJ, in the years 1940 and 1950. This period, commonly called "the populism era", was considered "the peak" of the economic prosperity of the district and also the moment of greatest political speech of the same in the political Niterói and Rio de Janeiro.In addition to its intense industrial and commercial activity, the Barreto has several leisure options (factory clubs, associations and recreational sports, carnival, etc.) that certainly contributed to the strengthening of working class identity and legislation, while also presented themselves as struggle places of different political forces that have become more evident, especially in the post-New State.
Do Congo ao Tango: associativismo, lazer e identidades entre os afro-portenhos na segunda metade do século XIX
Authors: Pereira Leonardo Affonso de Miranda 
Published: January 2013

Resumo:Ao longo do século XIX, os africanos escravizados e seus descendentestrataram, em várias capitais da América, de articular associações e sociedades nas quaispudessem expressar e legitimar suas redes de identidade social e étnica. Entre essaslocalidades destaca-se, pela proximidade geográfica com o Rio de Janeiro, a região do rio daPrata, especialmente a cidade de Buenos Aires. Dada a configuração das rotas do comércio deescravos pelo Atlântico, trata-se de uma região que recebeu um grande contingente de cativoscuja origem era semelhante àquela do Sudeste brasileiro, com supremacia clara de escravosvindos da África centro-ocidental. Ainda que no caso portenho o contingente de escravosimportados tenha sido significativamente menor do que na Corte Imperial brasileira, nasegunda metade do século XIX ainda era intensa a presença de afrodescendentes entre ostrabalhadores da capital argentina. A partir de tal constatação, esta apresentação pretendeanalisar as singularidades dos caminhos e estratégias adotadas no período pelos afro-portenhos, a fim de articular suas identidades, de modo a refletir sobre o modo específico peloqual eles enfrentaram, na região do Prata, a tensão entre sua origem étnica e seu perfil social. Abstract: Throughout the nineteenth century, enslaved Africans and their descendants havetried, in various cities of America, to articulate associations and societies in which they couldexpress and legitimize their social networks and ethnic identity. Among these places stand out,by geographical proximity to the Rio de Janeiro, the Rio da Prata region, especially the city ofBuenos Aires. Due to the configuration of the Atlantic slave trade routes, this is an area thathas received a large number of captives whose origin was similar to that of southeastern Brazil,where there was a strong supremacy of slaves from west-central Africa. Even if the number ofslaves imported to Buenos Aires was significantly lower than in the Brazilian Imperial Court, inthe second half of the nineteenth century there was still intense presence of African descentamong workers in the Argentine capital. For this reason, this presentation aims to analyze thesingularities of the ways and strategies adopted by afroportenhos to articulate their identities.The main objective is to reflect on the specific way in which they faced, in the Plata region, thetension between their ethnicity and their social profileKey words: Associations, Buenos Aires, African Identities, leisure, working class.
Animal welfare and intergovernmental organisations: the role of intergovernmental organisations such as the OIE in animal welfare
Authors: Littin KE , Sheridan A , Johnson CB , Bayvel ACD 
Published: January 2013

AbstractIntergovernmental organisations, formal arrangements between governments of states, nations or countries, have a key role in global affairs, including animal disease control and animal welfare standard setting. They have advantages over countries that act by themselves, for instance their standards can be recognised under international treaties and apply across or outside of normal country boundaries and they can consider impacts at a broader or global scale rather than having to focus only on those occurring in one country.
Impact of Materials versus Geometric Parameters on the Contact Resistance in Organic Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Gruber Manfred , Zojer Egbert , Schürrer Ferdinand , Zojer Karin 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe contact resistance is known to severely hamper the performance of organic thin‐film transistors, especially when dealing with large injection barriers, high mobility organic semiconductors, or short channel lengths. Here, the relative significance of how it is affected by materials‐parameters (mobility and interfacial level‐offsets) and geometric factors (bottom‐contact vs top‐contact geometries) is assessed. This is done using drift‐diffusion‐based simulations on idealized device structures aiming at a characterization of the “intrinsic” situation in the absence of traps, differences in the film morphology, or metal‐atoms diffusing into the organic semiconductor. It is found that, in contrast to common wisdom, in such a situation the top‐contact devices do not always outperform the bottom‐contact ones. In fact, the observed ratio between the contact resistances of the two device structures changes by up to two orders of magnitude depending on the assumed materials parameters. The contact resistance is also shown to be strongly dependent on the hole mobility in the organic semiconductor and influenced by the chosen point of operation of the device.
Positive effects of short course androgen therapy on the neurodevelopmental outcome in boys with 47,XXY syndrome at 36 and 72 months of age
Authors: Samango‐Sprouse Carole A. , Sadeghin Teresa , Mitchell Francine L , Dixon Teresa , Stapleton Emily , Kingery Madison , Gropman Andrea L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe effects of early androgen treatment on neurodevelopmental performance in pre‐pubertal boys with 47,XXY have not been well investigated. The influence of hormones on brain development in humans suggests that a positive effect on neurodevelopmental outcome in young boys with XXY may be plausible with hormone replacement therapy. The aim of the study was to investigate retrospectively if an early course of androgen treatment (three injections of testosterone enanthate, 25 mg, each) had an impact on specific domains of neurodevelopmental function in boys with 47,XXY at 36 and 72 months of age. One hundred one boys with a karyotype of 47,XXY had neurodevelopmental assessments. The retrospective chart review resulted in one group (n = 34) who had received androgen treatment during infancy and the second group was untreated (N = 67). Statistical analysis was completed to determine if there was a positive effect from treatment observed at 36 and at 72 months on multiple domains of development. There were significant differences in multiple cognitive domains in the group who received androgen treatment, including multiple measures of language, intellectual, and neuromotor skills. Improved function was observed in neurodevelopmental outcome in boys with 47,XXY at 36 and 72 months who had been treated with a short course of androgen treatment in infancy. Continued research is underway to expand our understanding of the relationship of androgen, brain function, and neurobehavioral and neurodevelopmental outcome in boys with 47,XXY. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Immunodeficiency in patients with 49,XXXXY chromosomal variation
Authors: Keller Michael D. , Sadeghin Teresa , Samango‐Sprouse Carole , Orange Jordan S. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBoys affected with 49,XXXXY sex chromosomal variation have been described to have high incidence of recurrent otitis media and asthma, the cause of which is unknown. We hypothesized that primary immunodeficiency occurs in patients with XXXXY aneuploidy. To investigate this, 31 boys with known 49,XXXXY were evaluated through a multidisciplinary clinic. Screening history was performed using the “10 Warning Signs of primary immunodeficiency” (Jeffrey Modell Foundation), as well as by history of atopic and autoimmune conditions. Of the 31 boys, 20 had at least two warning signs of primary immunodeficiency, and five had four or more signs. Sixteen had history of recurrent pneumonia, and 15 carried the diagnosis of asthma. Of the 10 who underwent immunologic screening, eight showed some evidence of impaired antibody responses to polysaccharide antigens, and one was diagnosed with specific antibody deficiency. These preliminary results suggest a high incidence of both atopy and antibody deficiency in boys with 49,XXXXY. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Protonenleitung in Metall‐organischen Gerüsten und verwandten modularen porösen Festkörpern
Authors: Yoon Minyoung , Suh Kyungwon , Natarajan Srinivasan , Kim Kimoon 
Published: January 2013

AbstractProtonenleitende Materialien sind ein wichtiger Bestandteil von Brennstoffzellen, und die Entwicklung neuer Materialien dieser Art ist eine der zentralen Forschungsrichtungen in der Brennstoffzellentechnologie. In diesem Kurzaufsatz fassen wir jüngste Fortschritte bei modular aufgebauten porösen Festkörpern für Anwendungen als protonenleitende Materialien zusammen; die wichtigsten Materialklassen sind Koordinationspolymere (CPs) und Metall‐organische Gerüstverbindungen (MOFs). Struktur und Eigenschaften dieser porösen Materialien lassen sich gezielt entwerfen und einstellen, was ein wichtiger Punkt für die weitere Entwicklung des Gebiets ist. Die Synthese sowie neue Arten protonenleitender Materialien und deren einzigartige Eigenschaften werden diskutiert.
Proton Conduction in Metal–Organic Frameworks and Related Modularly Built Porous Solids
Authors: Yoon Minyoung , Suh Kyungwon , Natarajan Srinivasan , Kim Kimoon 
Published: January 2013

AbstractProton‐conducting materials are an important component of fuel cells. Development of new types of proton‐conducting materials is one of the most important issues in fuel‐cell technology. Herein, we present newly developed proton‐conducting materials, modularly built porous solids, including coordination polymers (CPs) or metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). The designable and tunable nature of the porous materials allows for fast development in this research field. Design and synthesis of the new types of proton‐conducting materials and their unique proton‐conduction properties are discussed.
Dendrimers as Nd3+ ligands: Effect of Generation on the Efficiency of the Sensitized Lanthanide Emission
Authors: Pillai Zeena S. , Ceroni Paola , Kubeil Manja , Heldt Jan‐Martin , Stephan Holger , Bergamini Giacomo 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWe have designed two novel dendrimers with cyclam cores with appended poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrons, decorated at the periphery with four and eight dansyl chromophores, respectively. The photophysical properties of the dendrimers and their Nd3+ complexes have been investigated. The energy‐transfer efficiency to the lanthanide ions from these dendrimers has been studied as a function of the generation. It has been observed that an increase in the dendrimer generation as well as the number of amide units enhances the energy transfer to the lanthanide ion.
Prospective study on loss of signal on the first side during neuromonitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in total thyroidectomy
Authors: Sitges-Serra A , Fontané J , Dueñas J P , Duque C S , Lorente L , Trillo L , Sancho J J 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background
Staged thyroidectomy has been recommended when loss of the signal from intraoperative nerve monitoring is observed after first-side dissection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. There is no high-quality evidence supporting this recommendation. In addition, it is not clear whether signal loss predicts postoperative vocal cord paralysis.

Methods
This was a prospective observational study of consecutive adult patients undergoing neuromonitored total thyroidectomy for either malignancy or multinodular goitre. The prevalence of first-side loss of signal was recorded. Surgery was completed, and vagus and laryngeal nerves on the first side were rechecked at the end of the procedure.

Results
Two-hundred and ninety patients were included. Loss of signal on the first side was noted in 16 procedures (5·5 per cent). Thyroidectomy was completed and, at retesting, 15 of 16 initially silent nerves recovered an electromyographic signal with a mean(s.d.) amplitude of 132(26) mcV. Mean time to recovery was 20·2 (range 10–35) min. In no patient was the signal lost on the opposite side. Only three of 15 nerves with a recovered signal were associated with transient vocal cord dysfunction.

Conclusion
After loss of signal of the recurrent laryngeal nerve dissected initially, there was a 90 per cent chance of intraoperative signal recovery. In this setting, judicious bilateral thyroidectomy can be performed without risk of bilateral recurrent nerve paresis.
Verbal and facial‐emotional Stroop tasks reveal specific attentional interferences in sad mood
Authors: Isaac Linda , Vrijsen Janna N. , Eling Paul , van Oostrom Iris , Speckens Anne , Becker Eni S. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractMood congruence refers to the tendency of individuals to attend to information more readily when it has the same emotional content as their current mood state. The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether attentional interference occurred for participants in sad mood states for emotionally relevant stimuli (mood‐congruence), and to determine whether this interference occurred for both valenced words and valenced faces. A mood induction procedure was administered to 116 undergraduate females divided into two equal groups for the sad and happy mood condition. This study employed three versions of the Stroop task: color, verbal‐emotional, and a facial‐emotional Stroop. The two mood groups did not differ on the color Stroop. Significant group differences were found on the verbal‐emotional Stroop for sad words with longer latencies for sad‐induced participants. Main findings for the facial‐emotional Stroop were that sad mood is associated with attentional interference for angry‐threatening faces as well as longer latencies for neutral faces. Group differences were not found for positive stimuli. These findings confirm that sad mood is associated with attentional interference for mood‐congruent stimuli in the verbal domain (sad words), but this mood‐congruent effect does not necessarily apply to the visual domain (sad faces). Attentional interference for neutral faces suggests sad mood participants did not necessarily see valence‐free faces. Attentional interference for threatening stimuli is often associated with anxiety; however, the current results show that threat is not an attentional interference observed exclusively in states of anxiety but also in sad mood.