bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postdischarge functional outcomes in older patients with acute heart failure in Japan: the Longevity Improvement & Fair Evidence study
Authors: Narii Nobuhiro , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Hirayama Atsushi , Shimomura Yoshimitsu , Zha Ling , Komatsu Masayo , Komukai Sho , Sotomi Yohei , Okada Katsuki , Sakata Yasushi , Murata Fumiko , Maeda Megumi , Kiyohara Kosuke , Sobue Tomotaka , Fukuda Haruhisa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The association between care needs level (CNL) at hospitalisation and postdischarge outcomes in older patients with acute heart failure (aHF) has been insufficiently investigated.

Methods
This population-based cohort study was conducted using health insurance claims and CNL data of the Longevity Improvement & Fair Evidence study. Patients aged ≥65 years, discharged after hospitalisation for aHF between April 2014 and March 2022, were identified. CNLs at hospitalisation were classified as no care needs (NCN), support level (SL) and CNL1, CNL2–3 and CNL4–5 based on total estimated daily care time as defined by national standard criteria, and varied on an ordinal scale between SL&CNL1 (low level) to CNL4–5 (fully dependent). The primary outcomes were changes in CNL and death 1 year after discharge, assessed by CNL at hospitalisation using Cox proportional hazard models.

Results
Of the 17 724 patients included, 7540 (42.5%), 4818 (27.2%), 3267 (18.4%) and 2099 (11.8%) had NCN, SL&CNL1, CNL2–3 and CNL4–5, respectively, at hospitalisation. One year after discharge, 4808 (27.1%), 3243 (18.3%), 2968 (16.7%), 2505 (14.1%) and 4200 (23.7%) patients had NCN, SL&CNL1, CNL2–3, CNL4–5 and death, respectively. Almost all patients’ CNLs worsened after discharge. Compared to patients with NCN at hospitalisation, patients with SL&CNL1, CNL2–3 and CNL4–5 had an increased risk of all-cause death 1 year after discharge (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.19 [1.09–1.31], 1.88 [1.71–2.06] and 2.56 [2.31–2.84], respectively).

Conclusions
Older patients with aHF and high CNL at hospitalisation had a high risk of all-cause mortality in the year following discharge.
The Discourse of Digital Activism: A Linguistic Analysis of Calls for Action Concerning the Fashion Revolution
Authors: De Cock Barbara , Aulit Laetitia , Cigada Sara , Greco Sara , Modrzejewska Ewa , Palmieri Rudi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, we analyze the calls for action in a corpus of tweets with the hashtag #FashionRevolution, related to the 2020 Fashion Revolution week. We offer a linguistic analysis of the discourse of digital activism, relying on insights from pragmatics, discourse analysis, and argumentation. Our analysis focuses on the calls for action concerning the move towards a more sustainable fashion system, issued by account owners that do not have any impositive force on their audience. This leads us to showing that a variety of actors call for action through an imperative but also through other deontic structures. However, those responsible for carrying out the actions towards a fashion revolution are often left vague, in line with overall campaigning strategies. The motive for the call for action, crucial to convince, appears sometimes in an argument and/or through a reference to social or environmental sustainability. Through this case study, we then contribute to the linguistic analysis of digital activism, and to a better understanding of the challenges of bringing about behavioral change from a non-impositive position.
The interplay of DNA damage and repair, gene expression, and mutagenesis in mammalian cells during oxidative stress
Authors: Besaratinia Ahmad , Caliri Andrew W , Tommasi Stella 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We investigated the interplay among oxidative DNA damage and repair, expression of genes encoding major base excision repair (BER) enzymes and bypass DNA polymerases, and mutagenesis in mammalian cells. Primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts were challenged with oxidative stress induced by methylene blue plus visible light, and formation and repair of DNA damage, changes in gene expression, and mutagenesis were determined at increasing intervals posttreatment (0–192 hours). Significant formation of oxidative DNA damage together with upregulation of Ogg1, Polβ, and Polκ, and no changes in Mutyh and Nudt1 expression were found in treated cells. There was a distinct interconnection between Ogg1 and Polβ expression and DNA damage formation and repair whereby changes in expression of these two genes were proportionate to the levels of oxidative DNA damage, once a 3-plus hour lag time passed (P &lt; .05). Equally notable was the matching pattern of Polκ expression and kinetics of oxidative DNA damage and repair (P &lt; .05). The DNA damage and gene expression data were remarkably consistent with mutagenicity data in the treated cells; the induced mutation spectrum is indicative of erroneous bypass of oxidized DNA bases and incorporation of oxidized deoxynucleoside triphosphates during replication of the genomic DNA. Our findings support follow-up functional studies to elucidate how oxidation of DNA bases and the nucleotide pool, overexpression of Polκ, delayed upregulation of Ogg1 and Polβ, and inadequate expression of Nudt1 and Mutyh collectively affect mutagenesis consequent to oxidative stress.
The microRNA Expression in Crypt-Top and Crypt-Bottom Colonic Epithelial Cell Populations Demonstrates Cell-Type Specificity and Correlates with Endoscopic Activity in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Inciuraite Ruta , Ramonaite Rima , Kupcinskas Juozas , Dalgediene Indre , Kulokiene Ugne , Kiudelis Vytautas , Varkalaite Greta , Zvirbliene Aurelija , Jonaitis Laimas Virginijus , Kiudelis Gediminas , Franke Andre , Schreiber Stefan , Juzenas Simonas , Skieceviciene Jurgita 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Colonic epithelial barrier dysfunction is one of the early events in ulcerative colitis [UC], and microRNAs [miRNAs] participate in its regulation. However, the cell type-specific miRNome during UC remains unknown. Thus, we aimed to explore miRNA expression patterns in colon tissue and epithelial cells during active and quiescent UC.

Methods
Small RNA-sequencing in colon tissue, crypt-bottom [CD44+], and crypt-top [CD66a+] colonic epithelial cells from two cohorts of UC patients [n = 74] and healthy individuals [n = 50] was performed. Data analysis encompassed differential expression, weighted gene co-expression network, correlation, and gene-set enrichment analyses.

Results
Differentially expressed colonic tissue miRNAs showed potential involvement in the regulation of interleukin-4 [IL-4] and IL-13 signalling during UC. As this pathway plays a role in intestinal barrier regulation, consecutive analysis of spatially distinct colonic epithelial cell populations was performed. Cell-type- [crypt-top and crypt-bottom] specific miRNA expression patterns were identified in both active and quiescent UC. Target genes of differentially expressed epithelial miRNAs under different disease activity were overrepresented in epithelial cell migration and therefore intestinal barrier integrity regulation. The pro-inflammatory miRNA co-expression module M1 correlated with endoscopic disease activity and successfully distinguished active and quiescent UC not only in both epithelial cell populations, but also in the colon tissue. The anti-inflammatory module M2 was specific to crypt-bottom cells and was significantly enriched in quiescent UC patients.

Conclusions
miRNA expression was specific to colonic epithelial cell populations and UC state, reflecting endoscopic disease activity. Irrespective of the UC state, deregulated epithelial miRNAs were associated with regulation of intestinal barrier integrity.
Classifying Inflammation on Intestinal Ultrasound Images and Cineloops－A Learning Curve Study
Authors: Madsen Gorm Roager , Tolsgaard Martin Grønnebæk , Gecse Krisztina , Novak Kerri , Boscardin Christy , Attauabi Mohamed , Burisch Johan , Boysen Trine , Wilkens Rune 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Intestinal ultrasound has become a crucial tool for assessing inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, prompting a surge in demand for trained sonographers. Whereas educational programmes exist, the length of training needed to reach proficiency in correctly classifying inflammation remains unclear. Our study addresses this gap partly by exploring the learning curves associated with the deliberate practice of sonographic disease assessment, focusing on the key disease activity parameters of bowel wall thickness, bowel wall stratification, colour Doppler signal, and inflammatory fat.

Methods
Totals of 21 novices and six certified intestinal ultrasound practitioners engaged in an 80-case deliberate practice online training programme. A panel of three experts independently graded ultrasound images representing various degrees of disease activity and agreed upon a consensus score. We used statistical analyses, including mixed-effects regression models, to evaluate learning trajectories. Pass/fail thresholds distinguishing novices from certified practitioners were determined through contrasting-groups analyses.

Results
Novices showed significant improvement in interpreting bowel wall thickness, surpassing the pass/fail threshold, and reached mastery level by Case 80. For colour Doppler signal and inflammatory fat, novices surpassed the pass/fail threshold but did not achieve mastery. Novices did not improve in assessing bowel wall stratification.

Conclusions
We found considerable individual- and group-level differences in learning curves, supporting the concept of competency-based training for assessing bowel wall thickness, colour Doppler signal, and inflammatory fat. However, despite practice over 80 cases, novices did not improve in their interpretation of bowel wall stratification, suggesting that a different approach is needed for this parameter.
Prognostic value of weight loss in hospitalized patients with heart failure
Authors: Nagahiro Takanori , Konishi Masaaki , Kagiyama Nobuyuki , Kasai Takatoshi , Kamiya Kentaro , Saito Hiroshi , Saito Kazuya , Maekawa Emi , Kitai Takeshi , Iwata Kentaro , Jujo Kentaro , Wada Hiroshi , Momomura Shin-Ichi , Hibi Kiyoshi , Tamura Kouichi , Matsue Yuya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Weight loss is a poor prognostic factor in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). However, whether the same is true for hospitalized patients with HF is unknown, even though hospitalization is the first opportunity for many patients to be diagnosed with HF. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of weight loss in patients hospitalized for HF.

Methods and results
This was a post-hoc analysis of the FRAGILE-HF study, a prospective multi-center, observational study including 1332 hospitalized older (≥65 years) patients with HF. The primary outcome was all-cause death within two years of discharge. Self-reported body weight data 1 year prior to hospital admission were available for 1106 patients (83.0%) and were compared with their weight after decongestion therapy. The median weight change was −6.9% [−2.4 − −11.9] and 86.8% of the overall cohort experienced some weight loss. Whereas patients with weight loss ≥5%, which is a well-validated cut-off in chronic HF, had comparable mortality to those with less weight loss (P = 0.96 by log-rank test), patients with weight loss &gt;12%, the lowest quartile value, had higher mortality than those with less weight loss (P = 0.024 for all-cause mortality, P = 0.028 for non-cardiovascular mortality, and P = 0.28 for cardiovascular mortality, respectively). In a Cox proportional hazard model, &gt;12% weight loss was associated with high mortality after adjusting for known prognostic factors and history of malignancy (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.485 [1.070–2.062], P = 0.018).

Conclusion
Weight loss derived from patient-reported body weight 1 year before hospitalization was significantly associated with increased mortality after discharge, mainly due to non-cardiovascular etiology, in elderly patients hospitalized for HF.
Transcatheter vs. surgical mitral valve interventions in patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Ismayl Mahmoud , Ahmed Hasaan , Goldsweig Andrew M , Alkhouli Mohamad , Eleid Mackram F , Rihal Charanjit S , Guerrero Mayra 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
A significant proportion of patients requiring mitral valve (MV) intervention have undergone prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Reoperative heart surgery is associated with increased risk.

Aims
To evaluate the utilization and outcomes of transcatheter vs. surgical MV interventions in patients with prior CABG.

Methods
We queried the Nationwide Readmission Database (2016–21) to identify adults with prior CABG hospitalized for transcatheter or surgical MV intervention. In-hospital outcomes were compared using multivariable regression and propensity-matching analyses. Readmissions were compared using Cox proportional hazards regression model.

Results
Of 305 625 weighted hospitalizations for MV intervention, 23 506 (7.7%) occurred in patients with prior CABG. From 2016Q1–2021Q4, the use of transcatheter MV interventions increased among patients with prior CABG (72 to 191 for repair and 6 to 45 for replacement per 100 000 hospitalizations, both ptrend &lt; 0.001). Compared with surgical MV repair and replacement, transcatheter MV repair and replacement were associated with similar in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20–1.03 for repair; aOR 0.61, 95% CI 0.38–1.02 for replacement) and 180-day heart failure (HF) readmissions (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.56, 95% CI 0.85–2.87 for repair; aHR 1.15, 95% CI 0.63–2.09 for replacement) and lower stroke, acute kidney injury, permanent pacemaker placement, length of stay, and non-home discharges, respectively. Vascular complications were higher with transcatheter vs. surgical MV replacement.

Conclusion
Transcatheter MV interventions are increasingly used as the preferred modality of MV intervention in patients with prior CABG and are associated with similar in-hospital mortality and 180-day HF readmissions compared with surgical MV interventions.
The Integrative Life History of Maternal Effects
Authors: Marks Jamie R , Lailvaux Simon P 
Published: July 2024

Synopsis
Context-dependent allocation of resources drives trade-offs among fitness-related traits and other phenotypes to which those traits are linked. In addition, the amount and type of acquired resources can also affect the phenotypes of other organisms through indirect genetic effects, as exemplified by the maternal provisioning of offspring. Despite a large literature on maternal effects, we lack a comprehensive understanding of the extent to which mothers might affect the phenotypes of their offspring, as well as the various mechanisms by which they do so, particularly with regard to many functional traits that are key determinants of survival and reproduction. Our goals in this paper are to review the various approaches to measuring and understanding maternal effects and to highlight some promising avenues for integration of maternal effects with some other key areas of evolutionary ecology. We focus especially on nutritional geometry; maternal age; and traits proximate to fitness such as whole-organism performance. Finally, we discuss the logistic and practical limits of quantifying these effects in many animal systems and emphasize the value of integrative approaches in understanding the mechanisms underlying maternal influence on offspring phenotypes.
Reduced Likelihood of Hospitalization With the JN.1 or HV.1 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants Compared With the EG.5 Variant
Authors: Levy Matthew E , Chilunda Vanessa , Davis Richard E , Heaton Phillip R , Pawloski Pamala A , Goldman Jason D , Schandl Cynthia A , McEwen Lisa M , Cirulli Elizabeth T , Wyman Dana , Rossi Andrew Dei , Dai Hang , Isaksson Magnus , Washington Nicole L , Basler Tracy , Tsan Kevin , Nguyen Jason , Ramirez Jimmy , Sandoval Efren , Lee William , Lu James , Luo Shishi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Within a multistate viral genomic surveillance program, we evaluated whether proportions of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections attributed to the JN.1 variant and to XBB-lineage variants (including HV.1 and EG.5) differed between inpatient and outpatient care settings during periods of cocirculation. Both JN.1 and HV.1 were less likely than EG.5 to account for infections among inpatients versus outpatients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.60 [95% confidence interval (CI), .43–.84; P = .003] and 0.35 [.21–.58; P &lt; .001], respectively). JN.1 and HV.1 variants may be associated with a lower risk of severe illness. The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 may have attenuated as predominant circulating SARS-CoV-2 lineages shifted from EG.5 to HV.1 to JN.1.
Effect of plasma-activated water on planktonic and biofilm cells of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from cutting board surfaces in retail seafood markets
Authors: Zarei Mehdi , Ghahfarokhi Maryam Ghaderi , Sabaeian Mohammad , Sepahi Mahtab , Alirezaie Soraya , Mohebi Mohadeseh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aims
This research aimed to analyze cutting board surfaces in seafood markets to find Vibrio parahaemolyticus, assess the isolates’ ability to form biofilms, generate and evaluate characteristics of plasma-activated water (PAW), and compare the effect of PAW on planktonic and biofilm cells of the isolated V. parahaemolyticus strains.

Methods and results
A total of 11 V. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated from 8.87% of the examined cutting boards. Biofilm-forming ability was evaluated for these isolates at temperatures of 10°C, 20°C, and 30°C using crystal violet staining. Four strains with the highest biofilm potential were selected for further analysis. The pH of the PAW used in the study was 3.41 ± 0.04, and the initial concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, nitrate, and nitrite were 108 ± 9.6, 742 ± 61, and 36.3 ± 2.9 µM, respectively. However, these concentrations decreased significantly within 3–4 days during storage at room temperature. PAW exhibited significant antimicrobial effects on V. parahaemolyticus planktonic cells, reducing viable bacteria up to 4.54 log CFU/ml within 20 min. PAW also reduced the number of biofilm cells on stainless steel (up to 3.55 log CFU/cm2) and high-density polyethylene (up to 3.06 log CFU/cm2) surfaces, although to a lesser extent than planktonic cells.

Conclusions
PAW exhibited significant antibacterial activity against V. parahaemolyticus cells, although its antibacterial properties diminished over time. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of PAW against biofilm cells of V. parahaemolyticus was less pronounced compared to the planktonic cells. Therefore, the actual effectiveness of PAW in seafood processing environments can be affected by biofilms that may form on various surfaces such as cutting boards if they are not cleaned properly.
Effects of rate of body weight gain during the first trimester of gestation on beef heifer and offspring performance, concentrations of hormones and metabolites, and response to vaccination
Authors: Baumgaertner Friederike , Menezes Ana Clara B , Diniz Wellison J S , Hurlbert Jennifer L , Bochantin-Winders Kerri A , Underdahl Sarah R , Kirsch James D , Dorsam Sheri T , McCarthy Kacie L , Ramirez-Zamudio German D , Sedivec Kevin K , Caton Joel S , Dahlen Carl R 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Our study objectives were to evaluate the effects of divergent rates of body weight (BW) gain during early gestation in beef heifers on F0 performance, metabolic and endocrine status, colostrum immunoglobulins, and subsequent F1 calf characteristics, growth performance, concentrations of hormones and metabolites, and response to vaccination. Angus-based heifers (n = 100; BW = 369 ± 2.5 kg) were adapted to individual feeding for 14 d and bred using artificial insemination with female-sexed semen. Heifers were ranked by BW and assigned to either a basal diet targeting 0.28 kg/d gain (low [LG], n = 50) or the basal diet plus an energy/protein supplement targeting 0.79 kg/d gain (moderate gain [MG], n = 50) until day 84 of gestation. Dam BW and blood samples were collected at 6 time points during gestation; body composition was evaluated on days −10 and 84; and fetal measurements were taken on days 42, 63, and 84. At calving (LG, n = 23; MG, n = 23), dam and calf BW were recorded; and colostrum, calf body measurements, and blood samples were collected. Cow–calf pairs were managed on a common diet from calving to weaning, followed by a common postnatal development period for all F1 female offspring. Growth performance, hormone and metabolite profiles, feeding behavior, and reproductive performance were assessed from birth to prebreeding in F1 heifers. Offspring were vaccinated against respiratory disease and bovine viral diarrhea pathogens on days 62.3 ± 4.13 and 220.3 ± 4.13 postcalving. By design, MG dams were heavier (P &lt; 0.0001) than LG on day 84, and the BW advantage persisted until subsequent weaning of F1 calves. Concentrations of serum IGF-1 and glucose were increased throughout gestation (P &lt; 0.001) in MG dams, whereas concentrations of NEFA were decreased (P &lt; 0.001) in LG dams. Calves from MG dams were 2.14 kg heavier (P = 0.03) and had larger chest circumference (P = 0.04) at birth compared with LG cohorts. Heifers from MG dams continued to have greater (P ≤ 0.03) BW gain and feed efficiency during the development period, but no differences were observed (P ≥ 0.13) in body composition, concentrations of hormones and metabolites, feeding behavior, puberty attainment, and response to vaccination in F1 offspring. Hence, early gestation rate of gain impacted BW and concentrations of glucose and IGF-1 throughout gestation in the F0 dam, resulting in altered F1 calf BW and measurements at birth and increased gain and efficiency during the development period.