bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous monitoring reveals multiple controls on ecosystem metabolism in a suburban stream
Authors: BEAULIEU JAKE J. , ARANGO CLAY P. , BALZ David A. , SHUSTER WILLIAM D. 
Published: March 2013

Summary1. Primary production and respiration in streams, collectively referred to as stream ecosystem metabolism, are fundamental processes that determine trophic structure, biomass and nutrient cycling. Few studies have used high‐frequency measurements of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) over extended periods to characterise the factors that control stream ecosystem metabolism at hourly, daily, seasonal and annual scales.2. We measured ecosystem metabolism at 5‐min intervals for 23 months in Shepherd Creek, a small suburban stream in Cincinnati, Ohio (U.S.A.).3. Daily GPP was best predicted by a model containing light and its synergistic interaction with water temperature. Water temperature alone was not significantly related to daily GPP, rather high temperatures enhanced the capacity of autotrophs to use available light.4. The relationship between GPP and light was further explored using photosynthesis–irradiance curves (P–I curves). Light saturation of GPP was evident throughout the winter and spring and the P–I curve frequently exhibited strong counterclockwise hysteresis. Hysteresis occurred when water temperatures were greater in the afternoon than in the morning, although light was similar, further suggesting that light availability interacts synergistically with water temperature.5. Storm flows strongly depressed GPP in the spring while desiccation arrested aquatic GPP and ER in late summer and autumn.6. Ecosystem respiration was best predicted by GPP, water temperature and the rate of water exchange between the surface channel and transient storage zones. We estimate that c. 70% of newly fixed carbon was immediately respired by autotrophs and closely associated heterotrophs.7. Interannual, seasonal, daily and hourly variability in ecosystem metabolism was attributable to a combination of light availability, water temperature, storm flow dynamics and desiccation. Human activities affect all these factors in urban and suburban streams, suggesting stream ecosystem processes are likely to respond in complex ways to changing land use and climate.
Effect of serum FGF‐23, MGP and fetuin‐A on calcium‐phosphate metabolism in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Xiao Dong‐Mei , Wu Qing , Fan Wei‐Feng , Ye Xian‐Wu , Niu Jian‐Ying , Gu Yong 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis study was aimed to explore the role of serum fibroblast growth factor (FGF)‐23, matrix Gla protein (MGP) and fetuin‐A in the calcium‐phosphate metabolism and their predicting value in coronary artery calcification in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. This study included 64 patients who receive hemodialysis in our hospital. The serum FGF‐23, MGP and fetuin‐A were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELlSA). Coronary artery calcification score (CACS) was evaluated by coronary artery computed tomography scan. The 64 patients (30 males, 34 females, 60.6 ± 11.3 years of age) received an average dialysis vintage of 6.88 ± 2.94 years. We divided the CACS into three levels, and 13 (20.31%), 16 (25%), and 35 (54.69%) exhibited a CACS of 0–100, 100–400, and >400, respectively. Dialysis vintage, serum FGF‐23, fetuin‐A, phosphorus and high‐density lipoprotein‐C levels were identified as independent variables of CACS by stepwise multiple regression analysis. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that serum FGF‐23 and fetuin‐A were useful for identifying CAC in MHD patients. The cut‐off value corresponding to the highest Youden's index was serum FGF‐23 ≥ 256 pg/mL and fetuin‐A ≤ 85 μg/mL, which was defined as the optimal predictors of CAC. Different combinations of serum FGF‐23 and fetuin‐A in parallel or in series effectively boosted the identification of CAC. The incidence of CAC is high in MHD patients. Serum FGF‐23 and fetuin‐A levels are closely correlated with CAC.
Association between antiinflammatory cytokine, IL‐10, and sleep quality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Taraz Mohammad , Khatami Mohammad‐Reza , Hajiseyedjavadi Maryam , Farrokhian Amir , Amini Mohsen , Khalili Hossein , Abdollahi Alireza , Dashti‐Khavidaki Simin 
Published: March 2013

AbstractElevated proinflammatory cytokines have been attributed to poor sleep quality in patients receiving hemodialysis. This is the first investigation about the relationship between sleep quality and circulating levels of antiinflammatory markers in these patients. A total of 72 patients who were receiving maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled in this cross‐sectional study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to measure sleep quality. Patients were divided into two groups: good sleepers (PSQI score < 5) and poor sleepers (PSQI score ≥ 5). Assessments were made for serum biochemical parameters (albumin, parathyroid hormone), inflammatory (interleukin [IL]‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha [TNF‐α], and high‐sensitivity c‐reactive protein [hs‐CRP] ) and antiinflammatory (IL‐10) markers. Fifty‐four patients (75%) were classified as poor sleepers. Poor sleepers showed significantly lower levels of serum IL‐10 and higher serum triglyceride and parathyroid hormone concentrations. These patients were more likely to have more comorbidities. The global PSQI score was significantly correlated with serum IL‐10 (p = 0.03) and triglyceride levels (p = 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a direct correlation between PSQI and having comorbidities (p = 0.011, odds ratio [OR] = 3.918; confidence interval 95% [CI] = 2.742–19.031), between PSQI and serum triglyceride (p = 0.027, OR = 1.027 [95% CI = 1.007–1.048] ), and an inverse correlation between PSQI and serum IL‐10 level (p = 0.021, OR = 0.424 [95% CI = 0.195–0.922]). Reduced circulating levels of the antiinflammatory cytokine IL‐10 were significantly associated with poor sleep quality in hemodialysis patients. Factors including serum IL‐10 and triglyceride concentrations and having comorbidities may predict patients prone to poor sleep quality.
Effect of relative humidity and temperature on absorption kinetics of two types of oxygen scavengers for packaged food
Authors: Feng Simin , Luo Zisheng , Shao Shiqi , Wu Binbin , Ying Tiejin 
Published: March 2013

SummaryTo investigate the effect of temperature and relative humidity (RH) on the absorption kinetics of self‐activated and moisture‐activated O2 scavengers for packaged food, kinetic parameters of each O2 scavenger were evaluated at 43%, 75% or 100% RH and at 10, 25 and 40 °C respectively. Absorption kinetics was well described by a first‐order reaction with an Arrhenius type behaviour. For moisture‐activated O2 scavengers, a proper high RH was needed to ensure a high O2 absorption capacity, as average O2 absorption capacity was 3.82 mL at 43% RH and 43.40 mL at 75% RH. When the temperature increased, O2 absorption rate constant ascended from 10 °C to 40 °C on an average of 0.153 and 0.306 h−1 in moisture‐activated and self‐activated O2 scavengers respectively. We could take the effect of temperature and RH into account when we chose different types of iron‐based O2 scavengers for packaged food.
Evaluation of antimicrobial effects of lauric arginate on reduction of Salmonella spp. in ground chicken
Authors: Sharma Chander Shekhar , Ates Amanda , Joseph Poulson , Soni Kamlesh A. , Schilling M. Wes , Kiess Aaron 
Published: March 2013

SummaryThe efficacy of lauric arginate (LAE) on Salmonella survivability in ground chicken containing 9.8% fat was determined under refrigerated storage. The effect of LAE treatments on total aerobes, pH and objective colour were also assessed in ground chicken. LAE was highly effective against Salmonella in 0.1% peptone with no detectable survivors following treatment with 200 ppm and 400 ppm of LAE. No difference existed (P > 0.05) in the growth of Salmonella and total aerobes after treatment with 200 and 400 ppm of LAE in ground chicken inoculated with a four strain mixture of Salmonella. At these concentrations, LAE did not exhibit any treatment effect on the pH and colour of ground chicken (P > 0.05). In conclusion, although LAE possesses strong inhibitory (P < 0.05) effect against Salmonella in suspension in 0.1% peptone water, no inhibitory (P > 0.05) effect on growth of Salmonella was observed in ground chicken at the currently approved levels of 200 ppm of LAE.
Chemical, antioxidant and sensory properties of tomato‐watermelon‐pineapple blends, and changes in their total antioxidant capacity during storage
Authors: Oludemi Femi O. , Akanbi Charles T. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA conductometric analysis of the effect of condensate of peroxides generated during lipid oxidation in an accelerated stability test was adapted to test the hypothesis that total antioxidant capacity of tomato products would sometimes increase during processing and in storage. Tomato pulp blends made from a mixture of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var Roma VF), watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris var Babylack) and pineapple (Ananas comosus var Smooth cayennes) were analysed for basic quality profiles of dry matter, Brix, titratable acidity (TTA) and pH, total reducing sugars, Component antioxidants phytochemicals and total antioxidant capacity. The lowest sensory score (overall impression) of 4.80 ± 2.59 was recorded for tomato juice while, blend TWP 111p had highest score of 6.20 ± 1.99. There was significant difference (P < 0.05) in the basic quality profile of the pulp blends except for TTA values (0.37 ± 0.02 to 0.45 ± 0.05) and 2‐Furfurals (2.47 ± 0.03 to 2.71 ± 0.01). The fresh blend of 50% tomato, 25% watermelon and 25% pineapple had the highest total antioxidant capacity of 3.69 ± 0.52 mg 100 mL−1 catechin equivalent. The total antioxidant capacity of the stored pulp increased from 2.95 ± 0.13 to 6.22 ± 0.32 mg 100 mL−1 catechin equivalent in pasteurised TWP 211p blend by 60 days when stored at 40 °C. Total antioxidant status of tomato‐based fruit mix increased during the first 80 days.
Postthrombolysis Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients of Asian Race-Ethnicity
Authors: Mishra Nishant K. , Chan Bernard P. L. , Teoh Hock-Luen , Meng Chang-Hui , Lees Kennedy R. , Chen Christopher , Sharma Vijay K. ,   for the VISTA collaboration
Published: March 2013

Background Race-ethnic differences may influence postthrombolysis outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients. Guidelines for thrombolytic therapy to treat Asian stroke patients are based mostly on extrapolated western data. Aims We undertook to examine outcomes among Asians by comparing a propensity-matched cohort of thrombolyzed patients from a tertiary center in Singapore with nonthrombolyzed Asian comparators collated from Virtual International Stroke Trials Archives (control). Methods We identified propensity scores-matched patients between thrombolyzed and control Asian patients lodged in the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archives by employing propensity scores method. We compared matched patients for their distributions of three-month functional (modified Rankin scores) and neurological outcomes (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale) by employing Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test and proportional odds logistic regression analysis. We report odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for improved outcomes on day 90. Results Virtual International Stroke Trials Archives and National University Hospital, Singapore, contributed 517 and 133 patients of Asian race-ethnicity ( n = 650), respectively. After propensity matching, sample size reduced to 237 patients; 104 were from Virtual International Stroke Trials Archives. Age (59·7 vs. 61·5 years, P = 0·2) and mean baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores were similar ( 14 ) between thrombolyzed and control. The odds ratio for shift toward improved modified Rankin scores and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale distributions after tissue plasminogen activator therapy were 2·8 (95% confidence interval 1·8–4·5, P < 0·0001, n = 233; Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel P < 0·0001) and 2·8 (95% confidence interval 1·7–4·7, P = 0·0008, n = 201; Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel P = 0·0001). Conclusions Our data indicate that Asian patients derive benefit from thrombolytic therapy.
The Know Your Numbers (KYN) Program 2008 to 2010: Impact on Knowledge and Health Promotion Behavior among Participants
Authors: Cadilhac Dominique A. , Kilkenny Monique F. , Johnson Roslyn , Wilkinson Belinda , Amatya Bhasker , Lalor Erin 
Published: March 2013

Background Since 2007, the National Stroke Foundation in Australia has undertaken a community-based ‘Know Your Numbers’ program on blood pressure and other stroke risk factors. Aims The aims of this study are to assess, in a sample of registrants participating in a three-month follow-up survey, retention of knowledge of risk factors and health conditions associated with hypertension, and whether those who were advised to see their doctor sought treatment or performed other health promotion actions. Methods Various organizations (mainly pharmacies) were recruited to offer a ‘free’ standardized blood pressure check and educational resources for one-week/year between 2008 and 2010. Data collection was done thru registration log and detailed questionnaires for a sample of registrants at baseline and three-months. Descriptive statistics were used for comparison of baseline and three-month data. Results There were 59 817 registrants over three-years. A total of 2044/2283 (90%) registrants completed a baseline survey (66% female, 50% aged >55 years); 43% had blood pressure ⩾140/90 mmHg whereby 32% were unaware of their blood pressure status. Follow-up surveys were obtained from 510/805 (63%) baseline participants who provided consent. At three-months, improved knowledge was found for 9 of 11 risk factors for hypertension (e.g. lack of exercise baseline 73%; three-months 85%, P < 0·001). Knowledge for all the health conditions assessed that are associated with hypertension improved (e.g. stroke baseline 72%; three-months 87%, P < 0·001, heart attack baseline 69%; three-months 84%, P < 0·001). All respondents reported at least one health promotion action. Among 141/510 advised to visit their doctor, 114 (81%) did. Conclusion Know Your Numbers is a successful health promotion program and encourages people to be reviewed by their doctor.
The use of negative‐pressure wound therapy to manage enteroatmospheric fistulae in two patients with large abdominal wounds
Authors: Timmons John , Russell Fiona 
Published: March 2013

AbstractEnteric fistulae are a relatively common complication of bowel surgery or in surgery where the bowel has been exposed. Fistulae can present a significant threat to patients' well‐being. Changes in surgical techniques and in particular the rise in damage control surgery for emergency patients have led to an increase in open abdominal wounds. The presence of an enteroatmospheric fistula on the surface of a wound can cause a number of distressing symptoms/issues for the patient whilst providing a significant challenge for the clinician. The loss of fluid, proteins and electrolytes will place the patient in danger of becoming hypokalaemic and malnourished. A variety of techniques are available, most refer to a method of isolating the fistula using stoma rings or washers and ostomy paste. The role of negative pressure in the management of wounds with fistula is in its infancy; however, there is evidence to suggest that isolation techniques can be advantageous in managing wounds with fistulae.
Microclimate and development of pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes
Authors: Yusuf Saldy , Okuwa Mayumi , Shigeta Yoshie , Dai Misako , Iuchi Terumi , Rahman Sulaiman , Usman Awaluddin , Kasim Sukmawati , Sugama Junko , Nakatani Toshio , Sanada Hiromi 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the microclimate and development of pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes. A prospective cohort study was conducted in an acute care ward in Indonesia. Risk factors for pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes were identified based on the Bergstrom Braden conceptual model. Microclimate data were collected every 3 days for 15 days while the development of pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes was observed every day. Pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes were developed in 20 of the 71 participants. Total mean difference in skin temperature was higher for patients with pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes (0·9 ± 0·6°C) compared with controls (0·6 ± 0·8°C) (P = 0·071). Binary logistic regression predictor values for pressure ulcers and superficial skin changes were 0·111 for type of sheet and 0·347 for Braden Scale results. In conclusion, difference in skin temperature seems to be a predictor for pressure ulcer development and superficial skin changes, while synthetic fibre sheets are able to maintain a beneficial microclimate.
Pityriasis lichenoides in an Asian population
Authors: Koh Wei‐Liang , Koh Mark Jean‐Aan , Tay Yong‐Kwang 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground  There are few studies comparing pityriasis lichenoides (PL) in adults and children, with fewer involving Asians. We compared the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of 10 adults and five children diagnosed with PL.Methods  We retrospectively reviewed a series of patients diagnosed with PL at our hospital from 2002 to 2008.Results  We identified 10 adults and five children (nine adults and four children with pityriasis lichenoides chronica; one adult and one child with pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta). Mean age of onset of disease was 42.2 years in adults and 12.2 years in children. Median duration of disease before presentation was 5.5 months in adults and 6 months in children. Trunk and limbs were the most common sites of involvement. Itch was present in the majority. Almost all patients did not respond to topical corticosteroids. A good response was seen in three adults and two children treated with oral antibiotics. Three adults and two children responded to treatment with narrow‐band ultraviolet B phototherapy. The median time to resolution was 8 months in adults and 21 months in children. Postinflammatory dyspigmentation was seen in six adults and four children.Conclusion  PL presents similarly in adults and children; however, it runs a longer course in children. In our series, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation was common, which may be explained by our patients’ darker skin phototypes. We routinely prescribe oral antibiotics initially in patients without contraindications. Phototherapy may be useful in patients not responding to antibiotics.
Late Ordovician brachiopods from eastern North Greenland: equatorial offshore migration of the Red River fauna
Authors: RASMUSSEN CHRISTIAN M. Ø. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract: Late Ordovician rhynchonelliformean brachiopods, typical of the North American Red River fauna, are found sporadically in the Børglum River Formation of the Centrum Sø area, Kronprins Christian Land, eastern North Greenland. The geographical distribution of this characteristic brachiopod fauna is thus extended to the easternmost extremity of the Laurentian craton. The assemblage compares specifically with the Hiscobeccus brachiopod fauna, based on key taxa such as notably Hiscobeccus gigas (Wang, 1949), and indicates a late Katian age for this part of the succession. For the first time, this typically inland, shallow‐water fauna is found associated with genera like Bimuria, suggesting a transitional marginal facies with outer shelf benthos. The current study describes a Hiscobeccus fauna that lived at the seaward edge of its preferred habitat. Furthermore, an unpublished Hiscobeccus fauna, from the Børglum River Formation of Peary Land, central North Greenland, as well as several occurrences from the Kap Jackson and Cape Calhoun formations in various parts of Washington Land, western North Greenland, are described here. These show a distinct shift from older strata containing H. capax (Conrad, 1842) to younger strata exclusively yielding specimens of H. gigas. As H. gigas occurs in the upper part of the Cape Calhoun Formation in Washington Land, it indicates that the upper boundary of the Cape Calhoun Formation is considerably younger than previous estimates, reaching into the uppermost Katian (middle Cautleyan–Rawtheyan). The Cape Calhoun Formation correlates with the upper member of the Børglum River Formation and further demonstrates that the Hiscobeccus fauna was widespread in Laurentian marginal settings of North Greenland. Even though the Hiscobeccus fauna was pan‐continental during the late Katian (Richmondian), it possesses a strong provincial signal during the later Ordovician. The new occurrences indicate that this fauna extended to the north‐eastern margin of the Laurentian Craton. It lived in close association with cosmopolitan faunal elements that may have been the earliest sign of the succeeding invasion of migrants from Baltica that arrived later during the Hirnantian. The offshore migration of this atypical Hiscobeccus fauna likely demonstrates the path of warm‐water currents as the Centrum Sø locality was located at the equator during the Late Ordovician.
Palaeoecology of the mid‐Cretaceous siphonate bivalve genus Goshoraia (Mollusca, Veneridae) from Japan
Authors: KOMATSU TOSHIFUMI 
Published: March 2013

Abstract:  The mid‐Cretaceous bivalve Goshoraia Tamura, 1977, endemic to Japan, is an early example of shallow‐marine siphonate bivalves of the family Veneridae Rafinesque, 1815. Three species, including one new, are here described: Goshoraia minor Tashiro and Kozai, 1989 (Aptian), G. crenulata (Matsumoto, 1938; Albian–lower Cenomanian) and G. maedai sp. nov. (middle to ?upper Cenomanian). The habitats of Goshoraia have been extensively compared with those of common Cretaceous, nonsiphonate burrowers, such as trigoniids, which range from tidal flat and shoreface to shelf environments. Depth of burial, which can be estimated from the extent of the pallial sinus, increases from the ancestral G. minor to its descendants G. crenulata and G. maedai sp. nov., documenting that the ability to burrow within this genus improved in time. These morphological and palaeoecological changes may be related to the Mesozoic marine revolution during the mid‐Cretaceous.
The treatment of self‐efficacy among psychology and management scholars
Authors: Elias Steven M. , Barney Chet E. , Bishop James W. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSelf‐efficacy has become a significant topic of investigation in both the psychological and organizational literatures. While psychology scholars typically insist efficacy beliefs should be treated as being domain specific, management scholars regularly treat efficacy beliefs as being generalized. The current study examines the relationships between generalized self‐efficacy, domain‐specific (i.e., work) self‐efficacy, and two work‐related outcome variables: leader–member exchange and learning. It was hypothesized that work self‐efficacy beliefs would fully mediate the relationships that may exist between generalized self‐efficacy beliefs and the work‐related outcomes under investigation. Data was obtained from state government employees (n = 133) located in the Southeastern United States, and structural equation modeling supported this hypothesis. Practical and research implications are discussed.