bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grundlagen und Anwendungen der kontaktlosen induktiven Strömungstomographie
Authors: Stefani Frank , Gerbeth Gunter , Gundrum Thomas , Wondrak Thomas 
Published: September 2012

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der kontaktlosen induktiven Strömungstomographie (CIFT) ist die Bestimmung von Geschwindigkeitsfeldern in metallischen und Halbleiterschmelzen. Das Verfahren beruht auf der Induktion elektrischer Ströme in bewegten Leitern unter dem Einfluß von Magnetfeldern. Die strömungsinduzierten Deformationen der Magnetfelder können außerhalb der Schmelze gemessen und für die Rekonstruktion des Geschwindigkeitsfeldes genutzt werden. Nach der Darstellung der Grundlagen werden erste Anwendungen und mögliche Erweiterungen des Verfahrens besprochen.
Prevalence of Ciprofloxacin and Nalidixic Acid Resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in Bangladesh
Authors: Afroj Shirin , Ilias Mohammad , Islam Maksuda , Saha Samir K 
Published: September 2012

A total of 1,059 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi were isolated from blood samples during January 2006 to October 2007 from urban rural facilities in Dhaka, Bangladesh, of which 980 (92.5%) isolates were nalidixic acid resistant. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ciprofloxacin (CIP) were determined for 127 nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (NARST) strains (every fifth) isolated during 2006. Nine isolates were found to be resistant against CIP (3%) with high MIC (12 - >32 ?g/mL). Only four isolates were found to be sensitive (MIC <0.125 ?g/mL), whereas most of the isolates (N=113) showed reduced susceptibility (MIC 0.125  2 ?g/mL) to CIP. All these isolates were subjected to molecular typing by multiplex PCR on VNTR (variable number tandem repeats) loci, which revealed eight different VNTR patterns. Almost all CIP resistant strains had similar genetic organization, identical to the most common VNTR type. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the gyrA gene revealed point mutations at Ser-83 and Asp- 87 in all CIP resistant strains. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v28i1.11802 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 28, Number 1, June 2011, pp 7-11
Serum Helicobacter pylori Specific Antibodies Among Children With Undernourishment: A Case Control Study
Authors: Haque Warda , Ahsan Chowdhury Rafiqul , Nessa Jamalun , Yasmin Mahmuda 
Published: September 2012

Infection with Helicobacter pylori has been implicated in the development of acute and chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, non-ulcer dyspepsia, and gastric MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphoma and extragastroduodenal disorders. H. pylori infection may lead to development of hypochlorhydria and subsequent malnourishment. This study examined the affiliation between H. pylori infection and some sociodemographic and nutritional variables including breast feeding practice, poverty, and availability of safe drinking water. Three hundred children with age ranging from zero to twelve years were enrolled in the study. Their nutritional status was assessed following standard protocol. A precoded questionnaire was filled up for obtaining data. Serostatus of anti H. pylori antibody was determined by in-house ELISA using formalin fixed H. pylori whole cell antigen. The cut-off value of the ELISA was further validated by Immunoblot technique. Among the 149 case (malnourished) children, 107 (72%) contained anti-H. pylori antibodies and among the control (nonmalnourished) population (n=151), 91 (60%) possessed anti-H. pylori antibodies, with an overall seroprevalence of 66%. Malnourishment was found to be more widespread among female (56%) than male children (44%). Highly significant association (p = 0.000) was reported between poor socioeconomic status and development of malnourishment. The degree of severity of malnourishment increased inversely with the practice of exclusive breast-feeding up to 5 months of age (p = 0.010). The odds ratio relating breastfeeding to malnourishment reflected 52% reduction in the risk of development of malnourishment among breast-fed children. The use of unsafe drinking water was associated with 5.33 times higher odds of developing malnourishment. Poverty reduction strategies associated with improvement of hygiene condition and promotion of breast feeding can actively contribute to the improvement of the nutritional status of the children of Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v28i1.11805 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 28, Number 1, June 2011, pp 25-31
Presence of Coliforms and Fecal Coliforms in Fast Food Items of Local Restaurants and Fast Food Outlets of Dhaka City
Authors: Faruk Mohammad Omar , Akhter Marufa Zerin 
Published: September 2012

The Microbiological status of 50 fast food samples collected from middle class and lower middle class retail outlets of fast food shops and restaurants at New Market and Dhanmondi area of Dhaka city were assessed. Eighty four percent of the samples were found to be satisfactory and 16% of the samples were found to be unsafe for human consumption. Total coliform, fecal coliform, Salmonella spp, Staphylococcus aureus and fungal count in 12%, 8%, 16%, 14% and 14% samples respectively have crossed the recommended limits and were unsafe for human consumption. Bare-handed handling of foods and use of unsafe water for dish washing and hand washing by food handlers, keeping food for long time under lighting in display glass boxes with elevated temperatures and storage of uncooked and half cooked meat items side by side in the refrigerator were noticed to be the possible sources and causes of microbiological contamination of the fast food items. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v28i1.11810 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 28, Number 1, June 2011, pp 49-51
Itx 5061 Quantitation in Human Plasma with Reverse Phase Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Detection
Authors: Hochreiter Jill , Lapham Jill , Wong-Staal Flossie , McKelvy Jeffrey , Sulkowski Mark , Glesby Marshall J , Johnson Victoria A , Morse Gene D 
Published: September 2012

Background ITX 5061 is a highly potent small molecule inhibitor of scavenger receptor-B1, an integral transmembrane protein that is found in liver cells and is actively involved in the transport of HCV into hepatocytes. Currently, ITX 5061 is being investigated in monoinfected hepatitis C patients in a proof-of-concept clinical trial carried out by the AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG). Methods To provide quantitative results in human plasma for pharmacokinetic analysis, an assay for ITX 5061 was validated. ITX 5061 and the internal standard, a deuterated analogue, were separated by isocratic reverse phase chromatography using a Polar RP column (Phenomenex Synergi™; 2.0 mmx50 mm, 4 μm) and detected via electrospray coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with a run time of 5 min. Multiple reaction monitoring in positive mode was used with ITX 5061 at 585/114 m/z and the internal standard at 592/122 m/z with a linear range of 2.50–5,000 ng/ml. Human plasma was extracted using a protein precipitation combing 400 μl of acetonitrile with 100 μl of EDTA plasma. Results The interassay variation ranged from 1.19 to 13.2%, while the intraassay variation ranged from 0.394 to 12.9% over 6 days of testing. The method was successfully applied to the samples collected for the ACTG Protocol A5277. Plasma concentrations at 1 h and 24 h following 150 mg ITX 5061 daily in HCV monoinfected patients ( n=3) ranged from 138 to 518 ng/ml and 33 to 111 ng/ml, respectively. Conclusions The ITX 5061 assay is accurate and reproducible with a wide linear range and will be used for pharmacokinetic analysis and dose-finding studies in HCV-monoinfected patients.
Open Release and a Hinged External Fixator for the Treatment of Elbow Stiffness in Young Patients
Authors: Ouyang Yuanming , Wang Yongping , Li Fengfeng , Fan Cunyi 
Published: September 2012

Elbow stiffness is a well-recognized complication following elbow trauma, but little information is available regarding the surgical treatment of elbow stiffness in children and adolescents. This article presents the results of open arthrolysis with twin incisions and a hinged external fixator to treat severe elbow contracture in children and adolescents.
Twenty-one patients (mean age, 14.9 years; range, 7–19 years) were evaluated. All patients underwent surgery using a hinged external fixator and a combined mediolateral approach to address the elbow contracture. Mayo elbow score and range of motion (ROM) were measured preoperatively and at 3, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. All but 1 patient achieved a functional ROM of 100°. Preoperatively, mean flexion was 70.2° (range, 30°–100°), extension was 42.6° (range, 0°–80°), and total ROM was 28.5° (range, 0° to 80°); postoperatively, mean flexion improved to 122.8° (range, 90°–140°), extension to 10° (range, 0°–30°), and total ROM to 114.5° (range, 60°–140°). The Mayo elbow score improved from a mean of 48 points (range, 35–65 points) to 90 points (range, 75–100 points), and 9 patients had excellent results, 7 had good results, 4 had fair results, and 1 had a poor result. No significant differences existed between postoperative measurements at 3, 12, and 24 months. No pin-tract infections or deep infections occurred, and no vascular or neurological complications were noted.
Surgical treatment of elbow stiffness using a hinged external fixator and open arthrolysis is an effective procedure in children and adolescents.
Surgical Management of Congenital Cervical Kyphosis
Authors: He Zhimin , Liu Yang , Xue Feng , Xiao Haijun , Yuan Wen , Chen Deyu 
Published: September 2012

Congenital cervical kyphosis is a rare clinical condition. The purpose of this study was to review the surgical management and outcomes of 12 consecutive cases of congenital cervical kyphosis management by the same surgical team. The authors retrospectively analyzed the records of 12 patients (5 men and 7 women) with an average age of 18.4 years (range, 15–31 years) who underwent surgery for congenital cervical kyphosis at the authors’ institution between 2001 and 2005. All patients had congenital cervical kyphosis; those with secondary kyphosis deformity due to causes such as infection, tumors, and surgery were excluded. The indications for surgery were signs of spinal cord compression with progression of clinical symptoms such as decreased muscle strength and paresthesia. All patients had radiographic evidence of cervical kyphosis. Six patients underwent anterior decompression, autogenous bone grafting, and instrumentation, and the other 6 patients underwent combined anterior–posterior surgery. All surgeries were performed successfully with no complications. Bone graft fusion occurred in 11 patients. In 1 patient who underwent anterior surgery, the bone graft was partly absorbed, and pseudarthrosis was noted at 3 years postoperatively. Mean Japan Orthopaedic Association cervical myelopathy score and mean Cobb angle were significantly improved at 1 week and 1 year postoperatively compared with preoperative values.
Anterior and combined anterior–posterior surgical approaches are useful for the correction of congenital cervical kyphosis. Bone graft fusion is also critical for maintaining the surgical correction. Choice of surgical methods depends on the patient’s clinical condition.
Athletic Cervical Spine Injury in the Setting of Fusion Failure of the Anterior and Posterior Atlas
Authors: Petre Benjamin M. , Karp Jacqueline E. , Riley Lee H. 
Published: September 2012

This article describes a rare congenital abnormality of anterior and posterior C1 fusion failure presenting after an acute athletic injury to the fibrous nonunion. C1 congenital malformations are rare, occurring in approximately 2% of patients; even rarer are combined anterior and posterior arch malformations in the same patient. Posterior ring abnormalities are more common than anterior ring injuries (4.5:1, respectively). To the authors’ knowledge, combined anterior and posterior ring congenital malformations with subsequent injury have not been previously described.
In the current patient, a congenital failure of fusion of the anterior and posterior arches of C1 was identified. The anterior fibrous nonunion was injured while the patient played football, leading to transient neurologic injury and dysphagia from soft tissue swelling. The patient was initially diagnosed with an acute fracture at another facility; however, given advanced imaging, flexion and extension views, and a normal neurologic examination, the authors diagnosed a traumatized congenital defect. The injury healed with a short period of cervical collar immobilization and supportive measures. Such malformations are usually found incidentally, but they can be symptomatic after trauma. Images to distinguish these deficits can be difficult because the differences between chronic nonunions and congenital malformations are subtle. Surgery is rarely indicated for congenital malformations because they are often stable even after injury; however, they may predispose patients to neurologic injury in the future with high-risk activities. Because the current patient had an increased chance of future injury secondary to the lack of bone formation in the C1 vertebrae, he was restricted from participating in contact sports.
Congenital Dacryocystocele: A Rare and Benign Nasolacrimal Duct Cyst Condition
Authors: Bonilla-Musoles Fernando , Castillo Juan Carlos , Jimenez Luis Carlos 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT
Dacryocystocele is an uncommon congenital obliteration of the nasolacrimal drainage system. Based on a case diagnosed at 30 weeks gestation using two-dimensional (2D) and threedimensional (3D), its ultrasound characteristics as well as the evolution and therapeutic options applied in the scarce existing literature are described.

How to cite this article
Bonilla-Musoles F, Jimenez LC, Castillo JC. Congenital Dacryocystocele: A Rare and Benign Nasolacrimal Duct Cyst Condition. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2012;6(3):233-236.
A Prospective Study of Total Laryngectomy and associated Complications
Authors: Reddy Sudarshan L , Reddy Sridhar D , Prasad AVVSL 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACTA prospective study conducted over a period of 2 years at a tertiary care hospital on all patients who underwent total laryngectomy to study the complications of the surgeries, their possible etiology. Laryngectomy is one of the most frequently done oncological surgeries in this part of the world, with high incidence of morbidity. Through improved techniques and preand postoperative protocols the incidence of complications have reduced, none the less they occur. Aim of the present study is to note the incidence of complications and their management in our setup.How to cite this articleReddy SL, Reddy SD, Prasad AVVSL. A Prospective Study of Total Laryngectomy and associated Complications. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2012;2(1):20-22.
Bone Grafting and One-Stage Revision of THR - Biological Reconstruction and Effective Antimicrobial Treatment Using Antibiotic Impregnated Allograft Bone
Authors: Winkler Heinz 
Published: September 2012

Infection of a total hip replacement (THR) is considered one of the most serious complications in orthopaedic surgery. Problems derive from the presence of biofilms with inherent resistance to usual antibiotic treatment and bone defects resulting from infection induced osteolysis. Discussions on the choice of treatment mainly focus on the chance of eradicating the infection in either one or more stages. The advantages of only one operation with regard to patients’ satisfaction, functional results and economical burden are evident. However, the fear of re-infection usually leads surgeons to multiple stage procedures, mostly using antibiotic loaded spacers in the interval. Spacers have no effect on biofilms and are associated with a high rate of complications such as breakage or dislocation. Cemented revisions show several disadvantages like reduction of biomechanical properties through added antibiotics, inferior long term results, difficulties of removal in case of recurrence etc. Uncemented implants appear more advantageous but are at risk of becoming colonised by remaining bio-film fragments. To overcome this risk higher local concentrations of antibiotics are needed. Allograft bone may be impregnated with high loads of antibiotics using special incubation techniques, resulting in an antibiotic bone compound (ABC). ABC provides local concentrations exceeding those of cement by more than a 100-fold and efficient release is prolonged for several weeks. At the same time it is likely to restore bone stock, which is usually compromised after removal of an infected endoprosthesis. Based on these considerations new protocols for one-stage exchange of infected THR have been established. Bone voids may be filled with ABC, uncemented implants may be fixed in original healthy bone. Recent studies indicate an overall success rate of more than 90% with one operation, without any adverse side effects. Incorporation of allografts appears as after grafting with unimpregnated bone grafts. One stage revision using ABC together with uncemented implants, should be at least comparable to multiple stage procedures, but with the advantage of the obvious benefits for patients and cost.
Pluralism in Political Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Mäkinen Jukka , Kourula Arno 
Published: September 2012

ABSTRACT:Within corporate social responsibility (CSR), the exploration of the political role of firms (political CSR) has recently experienced a revival. We review three key periods of political CSR literature—classic, instrumental, and new political CSR—and use the Rawlsian conceptualization of division of moral labor within political systems to describe each period’s background political theories. The three main arguments of the paper are as follows. First, classic CSR literature was more pluralistic in terms of background political theories than many later texts. Second, instrumental CSR adopted classical liberalism and libertarian laissez-faire as its structural logic. Third, new political CSR, based on a strong globalist transition of responsibilities and tasks from governments to companies, lacks a conceptualization of division of moral labor that is needed to fully depart from a classical liberalist position. We end by providing a set of recommendations to develop pluralism in political CSR.
Concise Review: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Aging, Life Span, and Transplantation
Authors: Van Zant Gary , Liang Ying 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Self-renewal and multilineage differentiation of stem cells are keys to the lifelong homeostatic maintenance of tissues and organs. Hematopoietic aging, characterized by immunosenescence, proinflammation, and anemia, is attributed to age-associated changes in the number and function of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their microenvironmental niche. Genetic variants and factors regulating stem cell aging are correlatively or causatively associated with overall organismal aging and longevity. Translational use of HSCs for transplantation and gene therapy demands effective methods for stem cell expansion. Targeting the molecular pathways involved in HSC self-renewal, proliferation, and homing has led to enhanced expansion and engraftment of stem cells upon transplantation. HSC transplantation is less effective in elderly people, even though this is the demographic with the greatest need for this form of treatment. Thus, understanding the biological changes in the aging of stem cells as well as local and systematic environments will improve the efficacy of aged stem cells for regenerative medicine and ultimately facilitate improved health and life spans.
An Abundant Perivascular Source of Stem Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: James Aaron W. , Zara Janette N. , Corselli Mirko , Askarinam Asal , Zhou Ann M. , Hourfar Alireza , Nguyen Alan , Megerdichian Silva , Asatrian Greg , Pang Shen , Stoker David , Zhang Xinli , Wu Benjamin , Ting Kang , Péault Bruno , Soo Chia 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Adipose tissue is an ideal mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) source, as it is dispensable and accessible with minimal morbidity. However, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue is a heterogeneous cell population, which has disadvantages for tissue regeneration. In the present study, we prospectively purified human perivascular stem cells (PSCs) from n = 60 samples of human lipoaspirate and documented their frequency, viability, and variation with patient demographics. PSCs are a fluorescence-activated cell sorting-sorted population composed of pericytes (CD45−, CD146+, CD34−) and adventitial cells (CD45−, CD146−, CD34+), each of which we have previously reported to have properties of MSCs. Here, we found that PSCs make up, on average, 43.2% of SVF from human lipoaspirate (19.5% pericytes and 23.8% adventitial cells). These numbers were minimally changed by age, gender, or body mass index of the patient or by length of refrigerated storage time between liposuction and processing. In a previous publication, we observed that human PSCs (hPSCs) formed significantly more bone in vivo in comparison with unsorted human SVF (hSVF) in an intramuscular implantation model. We now extend this finding to a bone injury model, observing that purified hPSCs led to significantly greater healing of mouse critical-size calvarial defects than hSVF (60.9% healing as opposed to 15.4% healing at 2 weeks postoperative by microcomputed tomography analysis). These studies suggest that adipose-derived hPSCs are a new cell source for future efforts in skeletal regenerative medicine. Moreover, hPSCs are a stem cell-based therapeutic that is readily approvable by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, with potentially increased safety, purity, identity, potency, and efficacy.
Réflexions des thérapeutes familiaux francophones de la région d’Ottawa-Carleton sur la famille franco-ontarienne
Authors: Gélinas Mirelle 
Published: September 2012

Cette étude part du point de vue que la thérapie familiale est une activité politique, basée sur des intérêts, une idéologie et des relations de pouvoir.
L'auteure a analysé le discours de seize thérapeutes familiaux dans la région d'Ottawa-Carleton. Elle dégage différents enjeux socio-politiques qui sous-tendent la pratique de la thérapie familiale en Ontario français. Les discours analysés dénotent le caractère hétérogène de la communauté francophone, lequel reflète les diversités de la structure sociale ontarienne.
Elle suggère des pistes possibles pour un renouvellement des pratiques de thérapie familiale en contexte minoritaire.