bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anterior Versus Lateral Skull Base Fractures: Differences in Hospital Course and Need for Surgery
Authors: Shah Rema , Almeida Mariana N. , Liu Christina , Wride Mitchel , Lockwood Donovan , Lee Jonathan , Lee Yan 
Published: July 2024

Background: Skull base fracture management depends on location, severity, and can range from observation to surgical intervention.  A comparison between the different locations of skull base fractures, namely anterior versus lateral, with regards to hospital length of stay (LOS), need for intensive care, and surgery has not been studied. Methods: Patients with skull base fractures between 2012 and 2019 were reviewed. Demographics and inpatient events were collected. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions evaluated the association between fracture location, multiple traumas, loss of consciousness, and mechanism of injury with hospital course and sequalae. Results: There were 134 patients (74.6% male) with skull base fractures (67 anterior and 67 lateral), with an average age of 44.2 years. The mechanism of injury was more likely to be MVCs in anterior fractures and falls in lateral fractures (MVC: 56.7% vs 34.3%; falls: 28.4% vs 44.8%, P = .03). Patients with anterior fractures were more likely to undergo any surgery ( P < .002), and surgeries for facial fractures ( P < .005), but less likely to need ICU care ( P = .01). When admitted, patients with anterior skull base fractures had longer ICU stays ( P = .03). They were also more likely to experience vision difficulties whereas patients with lateral fractures were more likely to experience hearing loss ( P = .02). Conclusion: Patients with lateral skull base fractures are more likely to require an ICU admission compared to anterior fractures, but anterior fractures are more likely to need surgery and have longer ICU stays when admitted. A better understanding of the expected hospital course for patients based on skull base fracture location can improve care-coordination, hospital resource management and patient counseling.
Alliance A061202: ixazomib, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone for patients with lenalidomide-refractory MM in first relapse
Authors: Voorhees Peter , Suman Vera , Efebera Yvonne , Raje Noopur , Tuchman Sascha , Rodriguez Cesar , Laubach Jacob , Bova-Solem Misty , Carlisle Destin , Usmani Saad , McCarthy Philip , Richardson Paul G. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Optimal therapy for the growing number of patients with lenalidomide (LEN)-refractory multiple myeloma in their first relapse remains poorly defined. We therefore undertook a randomized phase 2 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining the oral proteasome inhibitor ixazomib (IXA) with pomalidomide (POM) and dexamethasone (DEX) in this patient population. The overall response rate (ORR) for POM-DEX was 43.6%, and for IXA-POM-DEX, it was 63.2%. The depth of response, measured by the attainment of at least a very good partial response, favored triplet therapy over doublet therapy (28.9% vs 5.1%; P = .0063). A preplanned interim analysis after 75% of the progression events had occurred demonstrated an improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) that favored IXA-POM-DEX and that crossed the predefined boundary of superiority, leading to release of the study results. With additional follow-up, the median PFS for POM-DEX was 7.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.8-13.6 months) vs 20.3 months for IXA-POM-DEX (95% CI, 7.7-26.0 months; hazard ratio, 0.437; upper 90% bound = 0.657). The ORR and median PFS for 26 of 30 eligible patients who crossed over from the doublet to the triplet therapy at disease progression was 23.1% and 5.6 months, respectively. Overall survival was similar between the 2 groups. More hematologic toxicities were seen with the triplet therapy, but nonhematologic adverse events were similar between the 2 arms. Our data support further testing of this all-oral triplet therapy in comparison with current standard triplet therapy in the context of phase 3 studies for patients with LEN-refractory disease at first relapse. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02004275.
Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from the people’s hospital of Qingyang City, Gansu province
Authors: Chen Jiali , Wang Yang , Zhang Na , Li Juan , Liu Xiong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a common opportunistic pathogen in hospitals that causes nosocomial infection. In order to understand the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of A. baumannii isolates, we sequenced and analyzed 62 A. baumannii isolates from a hospital in Gansu province.

Results
Non-repeated 62 A. baumannii isolates were collected from August 2015 to November 2021. Most isolates (56/62) were resistant to multiple drugs. All the 62 A. baumannii isolates were resistant to aztreonam and contained blaADC-25 gene which exists only on chromosome contigs. The 62 isolates in this study were not clustered in a single clade, but were dispersed among multiple clades in the common genome. Seven sequence types were identified by Multilocus sequence type (MLST) analysis and most isolates (52/62) belonged to ST2. The plasmids were grouped into 11 clusters by MOB-suite.

Conclusions
This study furthers the understanding of A. baumannii antimicrobial-resistant genotypes, and may aid in prevention and control nosocomial infection caused by drug-resistant A. baumannii.
Multiplex array analysis of circulating cytokines and chemokines in COVID-19 patients during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Milan, Italy
Authors: Calvo-Alvarez Estefanía , D’Alessandro Sarah , Zanotta Nunzia , Basilico Nicoletta , Parapini Silvia , Signorini Lucia , Perego Federica , Maina Kevin Kamau , Ferrante Pasquale , Modenese Annalisa , Pizzocri Pierluigi , Ronsivalle Andrea , Delbue Serena , Comar Manola 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The systemic inflammatory syndrome called “cytokine storm” has been described in COVID-19 pathogenesis, contributing to disease severity. The analysis of cytokine and chemokine levels in the blood of 21 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients throughout the phases of the pandemic has been studied to understand immune response dysregulation and identify potential disease biomarkers for new treatments. The present work reports the cytokine and chemokine levels in sera from a small cohort of individuals primarily infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Milan (Italy).

Results
Among the 27 cytokines and chemokines investigated, a significant higher expression of Interleukin-9 (IL-9), IP-10 (CXCL10), MCP-1 (CCL2) and RANTES (CCL-5) in infected patients compared to uninfected subjects was observed. When the change in cytokine/chemokine levels was monitored over time, from the hospitalization day to discharge, only IL-6 and IP-10 showed a significant decrease. Consistent with these findings, a significant negative correlation was observed between IP-10 and anti-Spike IgG antibodies in infected individuals. In contrast, IL-17 was positively correlated with the production of IgG against SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusions
The cytokine storm and the modulation of cytokine levels by SARS-CoV-2 infection are hallmarks of COVID-19. The current global immunity profile largely stems from widespread vaccination campaigns and previous infection exposures. Consequently, the immunological features and dynamic cytokine profiles of non-vaccinated and primarily-infected subjects reported here provide novel insights into the inflammatory immune landscape in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and offer valuable knowledge for addressing future viral infections and the development of novel treatments.
Emergence of heteroresistance to carbapenems in Gram-negative clinical isolates from two Egyptian hospitals
Authors: Al-Shebiny Alaa G. , Shawky Riham M. , Emara Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern, linking bacterial genotype and phenotype. However, variability in antibiotic susceptibility within bacterial populations can lead to misclassification. Heteroresistance exemplifies this, where isolates have subpopulations less susceptible than the main population. This study explores heteroresistance in Gram-negative bacteria, distinguishing between carbapenem-sensitive isolates and stable heteroresistant isolates (SHIs).

Methods
A total of 151 Gram-negative clinical isolates including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Proteus mirabilis from various sources were included. Heteroresistant isolates and their stability were detected by disc-diffusion technique while genotypic analysis was carried out by PCR and efflux activity was assessed by ethidium bromide (EtBr)-agar cartwheel method.

Results
A total of 51 heteroresistant subpopulations were detected, producing 16 SHIs upon stability-detection. Amplified resistance genes and EtBr-agar cartwheel method showed a significant difference between resistant subpopulations and their corresponding-sensitive main populations.

Conclusion
Genotypic analysis confirmed that genetic mutation can lead to resistance development although the main populations were sensitive, thereby leading to treatment failure. This is a neglected issue which should be highly considered for better treatment outcomes.
Follow up study of symptomatic human cystic echinococcosis treatment with albendazole and praziquantel, in Uruguay
Authors: Rosa Daniel Da , Figueredo Elisa , Rosas Michel , Goñi Fernando 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic disease considered a neglected one. Cystic echinococcosis is endemic in Uruguay and the region. Surgery, using various technical approaches, has the potential to safely remove the cyst(s) and lead to a complete cure in a high number of patients with simple forms of CE. However, surgery may be impractical in patients with multiple cysts in several organs, high surgical risk, or in patients with previous multiple surgeries. In these cases, the pharmacological treatment with the benzimidazolic drug Albendazole (ABZ) alone or combined with Praziquantel (PZQ), has been promising as the best choice to achieve improvement or cure.

Methods
In this study, we analyze the results obtained on the anti-parasitic treatment of 43 patients diagnosed with CE between the years 2003 and 2020. Patients were treated before and/or after surgery with ABZ or the combination ABZ/PZQ. The standardize protocol of the anti-parasitic drug treatment before surgery was 7 days, 15 days or 1 month depending on the urgency and availability of the surgical procedure. All cases that involved confirmed locations on lungs underwent immediate surgery with minimal pre-treatment when possible. After surgery, the standardize protocol of anti-parasitic drug treatment consisted of six cycles of 30 days each and resting intervals of 15 days in between. ABZ was used in all cases, administered orally, twice daily, at a total dosage of 15 mg/kg/day, with food high in fat content for improved absorption. The follow up was carried out according to WHO-IWGE guidelines for 5 years.

Results
Of the 43 patients fourteen were ≤ 15 years of age and had a differentiated pre-surgical treatment. From the ≥ 16 years of age, 36 completed the treatments and the 5 years follow up. Four patients changed geographical locations, without a forwarding contact, after the post-surgery treatment. No patient died during the study. Of the 36 patients that completed the study, 32 were treated only with ABZ; 93.75% achieved treatment success as determined by improvement or cure, and 6.25% treatment failure determined by no change or worsening. The last four patients received the ABZ/PZQ combination therapy and achieved 100% treatment success.

Conclusion
The pharmacological treatment resulted in a good option not only as palliative but also as potentially curative. The main relevance of its use was in cases with previous multiple surgeries or surgeries with potential life-threatening complications due to the number and location of cysts and concurrent comorbidities. A follow-up of at least 5 years would be recommended to assure remission and control of the transmission. More randomized trials are needed to provide clear clinical evidence of different pharmacological treatments for CE.
Retrospective study on the dengue fever outbreak in Puntland State, Somalia
Authors: Jama Saaid Said , Abshir Said Nuriye , Jama Jibril Said , Abdi Mohamed Mohamud 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Dengue infection is a mosquito-borne, endemic viral disease, particularly in developing countries. Here, we report the results of the clinicodemographic, serologic profile and the monthly occurrence of a recent dengue fever outbreak in Puntland State (Somalia).

Methodology
We analyzed the data of 956 dengue-suspected patients who were investigated using the rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) method for detecting NS1 (dengue virus non-structural protein) and IgM antibodies employing the SD Biosensor Dengue Dou NS Ag and IgM test kit (Germany) at the Puntland Public Health Referral Laboratory from November 21, 2022, to May 27, 2023.

Results
We found that 118 cases were positive for dengue among the suspected patients enrolled in the present study. Of these cases, 76.2% were dengue NSI positive, 13.6% were dengue IgM positive, and 10.2% were both NSI and IgM positive. The number of females and males in the confirmed cases was equal, and most (48.3%) were aged 20 years or less. 43.1% of them lived in the Nugal region, particularly in Garowe. Clinically, fever was the most frequent symptom (88.9%). The cases peaked in December 2022 but dropped from January to March, with a slight rise in February, and then increased in April and May 2023.

Conclusion
This study highlights the clinicodemographic characteristics, seroprevalence, and monthly occurrence of dengue in Puntland. We recommend improving vector control measures, enhancing case management, strengthening dengue surveillance, developing an early warning system, and conducting future studies to characterize the circulating strains.
Association between the use of statins and in-hospital mortality risk in patients with sepsis-induced coagulopathy during ICU stays: a study based on medical information mart for intensive care database
Authors: Yao Yan , Zhao Xi , Wang Mengjue , Zhou Fanfan , Li Chengfeng , Le Xudong , Zhang Siquan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to explore the correlation between statin administration in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting and the in-hospital mortality risk of patients suffering from sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC).

Methods
Utilizing a retrospective cohort study design, this investigation collected data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV spanning 2008 to 2019. The diagnosis of SIC was established based on a SIC score of 4 or above. Statin usage during the ICU period was extracted from the prescription records based on the keywords of statin medications. The primary endpoint analyzed was the in-hospital mortality within the ICU, characterized by any death occurring during the ICU admission.

Results
During the follow-up, which had a median duration of approximately 7.28 days, 18.19% of the 4,777 SIC patients died in the ICU. Statin was linked with a decrease in the risk of in-hospital mortality for SIC patients in the ICU [hazard ratio (HR): 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.60–0.89, P = 0.002]. Relative to rosuvastatin, the use of atorvastatin (HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34–0.85, P = 0.008) or simvastatin (HR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.33–0.92, P = 0.024), as well as combinations of multiple statins (HR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.15–0.86, P = 0.022), was associated with a reduction in ICU in-hospital mortality risk. Subgroup analysis also suggested that the use of atorvastatin, simvastatin, or a combination of statins had an advantage over rosuvastatin in reducing ICU in-hospital mortality in SIC patients older than 65 years of age or SIC patients with respiratory failure or cardiogenic shock (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion
The present study supports the potential benefits of statin use in mortality in SIC patients during ICU stays. The study encourages clinicians to consider the benefits of statins and supports the ongoing exploration of statins for enhanced outcomes in critical care settings.
Communicating the diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy in endogamous vs. non-endogamous regions
Authors: Fernandes Isabella Araujo Mota , Menezes Renata Oliveira Almeida , Rego Guilhermina 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The high prevalence of endogamy, or inbreeding, in northeastern Brazil, is due to historical and cultural factors, with large families living in cities far from the coast and subject to low socioeconomic and infrastructure levels. This breeding practice results in low genetic variability with an increased prevalence of rare autosomal recessive and neurodegenerative diseases, such as spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

Objective
Understanding the impact of communicating the diagnosis of SMA on the mental health of patients and their families and the differences between the Northeast (endogamous region) and the other regions of Brazil (non-endogamous ones).

Methods
Cross-sectional study obtained through a structured questionnaire about the moment of receiving the SMA diagnosis, containing the Impact of Event Scale-Revised.

Results and discussion
The sample consisted of 100 volunteers from all regions of Brazil, 47 patients diagnosed with SMA and 53 family members present at the time of the diagnosis. There was a predominance of females (83%) and homogeneity between the groups for the variables gender, age, color, education, religion, and SMA subtype (1, 2, 3, and 4). The Northeast region, representing 43% of the sample, despite being less economically favored, showed greater satisfaction with medical care and inclusion in health services, with less self-reported psychological trauma and fewer signs of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to the moment of receiving the diagnosis. The non-endogamous regions, in turn, reported the presence of strong waves of emotion, sleep problems, feelings of irritability, anger, and the presence of bad thoughts related to this situation.

Conclusion
The feeling of inclusion in health services and satisfaction with medical care in the endogamous region had a positive impact on the mental health of those involved, reducing psychological trauma and signs of PTSD arising from the communication of the SMA diagnosis.
A randomized controlled trial of the Happy, Healthy, Loved personalized text-message program for new parent couples: impact on breastfeeding self-efficacy and mood
Authors: Henshaw Erin , Cooper Marie , Wood Teresa , Krishna Sanchita , Lockhart Marie , Doan Stacey 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Breastfeeding self-efficacy has been identified as an important influence on breastfeeding outcomes. Among new parent couples, partners are uniquely positioned to be sources of support for developing breastfeeding self-efficacy, yet few breastfeeding programs have attempted to involve partners directly. The purpose of this study was to test the impact of a novel program, Happy, Healthy, Loved, on breastfeeding self-efficacy and maternal mood through emphasizing partner support and actively addressing postpartum-specific stress management in a tailored text message delivery program.

Methods
A randomized trial was conducted in which primiparous mother-partner dyads intending to exclusively breastfeed were recruited at midwestern hospitals 2–3 days after delivery. The clinical trial was pre-registered at clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT04578925, registration date 7/24/2020). Couples were randomized to receive intervention or an attentional control. Couples randomized to the intervention group then completed a brief interactive educational tablet program together (Happy, Healthy, Loved), followed by 6 weeks of tailored text messages providing reminders, coping strategies, and motivational milestones to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy. Participants in the control group received usual care followed by 6 weeks of attentional control text messages about infant development. Surveys were delivered at baseline, 6 weeks, and 6 months postpartum to both mother and partner to assess breastfeeding self-efficacy, mood, and social support (n = 62 couples).

Results
Outcomes of ANCOVA with baseline self-efficacy as a covariate showed a significant effect of intervention on 6 months breastfeeding self-efficacy when compared to control group. No other significant differences were found at 6 weeks or 6 months postpartum in breastfeeding self-efficacy, depressive or anxious symptoms.

Conclusions
Results of the present investigation suggest that a text-based dyad intervention improved breastfeeding self-efficacy at 6 months, but not 6 weeks, postpartum, indicating that text-based mother-partner interventions are a promising direction to continue exploring in postpartum health research.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov #NCT04578925.
Identification of key genes associated with cervical cancer based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Yang Xinmeng , Zhou Mengsi , Luan Yingying , Li Kanghua , Wang Yafen , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer has extremely high morbidity and mortality, and its pathogenesis is still in the exploratory stage. This study aimed to screen and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to cervical cancer through bioinformatics analysis.

Methods
GSE63514 and GSE67522 were selected from the GEO database to screen DEGs. Then GO and KEGG analysis were performed on DEGs. PPI network of DEGs was constructed through STRING website, and the hub genes were found through 12 algorithms of Cytoscape software. Meanwhile, GSE30656 was selected from the GEO database to screen DEMs. Target genes of DEMs were screened through TagetScan, miRTarBase and miRDB. Next, the hub genes screened from DEGs were merged with the target genes screened from DEMs. Finally, ROC curve and nomogram analysis were performed to assess the predictive capabilities of the hub genes. The expression of these hub genes were verified through TCGA, GEPIA, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry.

Results
Six hub genes, TOP2A, AURKA, CCNA2, IVL, KRT1, and IGFBP5, were mined through the protein-protein interaction network. The expression of these hub genes were verified through TCGA, GEPIA, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry, and it was found that TOP2A, AURKA as well as CCNA2 were overexpressed and IGFBP5 was low expression in cervical cancer.

Conclusions
This study showed that TOP2A, AURKA, CCNA2 and IGFBP5 screened through bioinformatics analysis were significantly differentially expressed in cervical cancer samples compared with normal samples, which might be biomarkers of cervical cancer.