bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Glycated Hemoglobin on the Cross Susceptibility Between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Disease
Authors: Lappin David F. , Robertson Douglas , Hodge Penny , Treagus David , Awang Raja A. , Ramage Gordon , Nile Christopher J. 
Published: August 2015

Background: Periodontal disease is a major complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between glycated hemoglobin and circulating levels of interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, and C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) in non‐smoking patients suffering from T1DM, with and without periodontitis. In addition, to determine the effect of advanced glycation end products (AGE) in the presence and absence of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on IL‐6, IL‐8, and CXCL5 expression by THP‐1 monocytes and OKF6/TERT‐2 cells.Methods: There were 104 participants in the study: 19 healthy volunteers, 23 patients with periodontitis, 28 patients with T1DM, and 34 patients with T1DM and periodontitis. Levels of blood glucose/glycated hemoglobin (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry [IFCC]) were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Levels of IL‐6, IL‐8, and CXCL5 in plasma were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In vitro stimulation of OKF6/TERT‐2 cells and THP‐1 monocytes was performed with combinations of AGE and P. gingivalis LPS. Changes in expression of IL‐6, IL‐8, and CXCL5 were monitored by ELISA and real‐time polymerase chain reaction.Results: Patients with diabetes and periodontitis had higher plasma levels of IL‐8 than patients with periodontitis alone. Plasma levels of IL‐8 correlated significantly with IFCC units, clinical probing depth, and attachment loss. AGE and LPS, alone or in combination, stimulated IL‐6, IL‐8, and CXCL5 expression in both OKF6/TERT‐2 cells and THP‐1 monocytes.Conclusions: Elevated plasma levels of IL‐8 potentially contribute to the cross‐susceptibility between periodontitis and T1DM. P. gingivalis LPS and AGE in combination caused significantly greater expression of IL‐6, IL‐8, and CXCL5 from THP‐1 monocytes and OKF6/TERT‐2 cells than LPS alone.
Enhancing Student Experience and Performance through Peer-Assisted Learning
Authors: Sudhakar Adriel , Tyler Jonathan , Wakefield James 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT
This study examines the effectiveness of an online peer review forum (forum). The study allows comparisons to be made between different forum scenarios. The forum was introduced, over a series of semesters, in a first-year accounting screencast assignment: from no forum, to an optional forum, to a compulsory forum. Students indicated that the compulsory forum, underpinned by more structured guidelines for providing feedback, was more beneficial in facilitating improvement in their assignment quality and learning outcomes. We observed improved student performance where a forum was made available. This result is stronger where the use of the forum was optional relative to where it was compulsory. We surmise that this was caused by a higher proportion of exemplar screencasts being posted by more motivated and confident students in the optional forum, creating higher perceived expectations across the total student population. Our findings suggest that more structured feedback through the forum does not necessarily lead to higher performance, even though students value more structured constructive and critical comments as part of their learning experience. These findings highlight the importance of carefully considering forum design and assessment guidelines when embarking on peer review learning initiatives.
Study of Hyperkyphosis, Exercise and Function (SHEAF) Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Multimodal Spine-Strengthening Exercise in Older Adults With Hyperkyphosis
Authors: Katzman Wendy B. , Vittinghoff Eric , Kado Deborah M. , Schafer Anne L. , Wong Shirley S. , Gladin Amy , Lane Nancy E. 
Published: August 2015

Background
Hyperkyphosis negatively affects health status, physical mobility, and quality of life, but there is no standard protocol for treating people with hyperkyphosis. Treatment options include targeted exercise.

Objectives
This single-site randomized controlled trial (RCT) will determine the efficacy of a targeted multimodal spine-strengthening exercise program, compared with no exercise intervention, among community-dwelling men and women aged ≥60 years.

Design
The RCT is a parallel-group design, with 1:1 randomization to exercise and attentional control groups.

Setting
The study will be conducted at one primary site (one academic medical center partnered with one local community medical center).

Participants
One hundred men and women, aged ≥60 years, with thoracic kyphosis ≥40 degrees will be randomized.

Intervention
The targeted multimodal spine-strengthening exercise intervention includes exercise and postural training delivered by a physical therapist in a group of 10 participants, 3 times a week for 6 months. Controls receive monthly health education meetings in a group of 10 participants and monthly calls from the study coordinator to monitor physical activity and any adverse events.

Measurements
The primary outcome is change in Cobb angle of kyphosis measured from lateral spine radiographs at baseline and 6 months. Secondary outcomes include change in physical function (assessed with the modified Physical Performance Test, Timed “Up & Go” Test, timed loaded standing, 4-m walk, and Six-Minute Walk Test) and health-related quality of life (assessed with the modified Scoliosis Research Society instrument [SRS-30] self-image domain and Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System [PROMIS] global health and physical function indexes). Additional secondary outcomes include pain, physical activity level, spinal flexion and extension muscle strength, paraspinal extensor muscle density, and adverse events.

Limitations
Blinding of the participants and instructors providing the intervention is not possible.

Conclusions
The efficacy of a high-quality, adequately powered exercise intervention in men and women with kyphosis ≥40 degrees will be evaluated to determine whether targeted multimodal spine-strengthening exercise reduces hyperkyphosis in older adults and improves important secondary outcomes of physical function and health-related quality of life.
G-CSF and GM-CSF in Neutropenia
Authors: Mehta Hrishikesh M. , Malandra Michael , Corey Seth J. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
G-CSF and GM-CSF are used widely to promote the production of granulocytes or APCs. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved G-CSF (filgrastim) for the treatment of congenital and acquired neutropenias and for mobilization of peripheral hematopoietic progenitor cells for stem cell transplantation. A polyethylene glycol–modified form of G-CSF is approved for the treatment of neutropenias. Clinically significant neutropenia, rendering an individual immunocompromised, occurs when their number is &lt;1500/μl. Current guidelines recommend their use when the risk for febrile neutropenia is &gt;20%. GM-CSF (sargramostim) is approved for neutropenia associated with stem cell transplantation. Because of its promotion of APC function, GM-CSF is being evaluated as an immunostimulatory adjuvant in a number of clinical trials. More than 20 million persons have benefited worldwide, and &gt;$5 billion in sales occur annually in the United States.
T Cell Adolescence: Maturation Events Beyond Positive Selection
Authors: Hogquist Kristin A. , Xing Yan , Hsu Fan-Chi , Shapiro Virginia Smith 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Single-positive thymocytes that successfully complete positive and negative selection must still undergo one final step, generally termed T cell maturation, before they gain functional competency and enter the long-lived T cell pool. Maturation initiates after positive selection in single-positive thymocytes and continues in the periphery in recent thymic emigrants, before these newly produced T cells gain functional competency and are ready to participate in the immune response as peripheral naive T cells. Recent work using genetically altered mice demonstrates that T cell maturation is not a single process, but a series of steps that occur independently and sequentially after positive selection. This review focuses on the changes that occur during T cell maturation, as well as the molecules and pathways that are critical at each step.
Body weight, BMI, and stature have a protective effect on bone mineral density in women with postmenopausal vertebral osteoporosis, whereas greater age at menarche and years after menopause have a negative effect
Authors: Török-Oance Rodica , Bala’ Melania 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease with a risk factor of being female, particularly after the onset of menopause.

Objectives
To evaluate the influence of age, anthropometric, and reproductive variables on spinal bone mineral density (BMD) in women with postmenopausal vertebral osteoporosis.

Methods
The study was retrospective and included data from 171 patients with postmenopausal vertebral osteoporosis. We performed both simple and multiple regressions considering BMD in spine as the dependent variable. Coefficients of correlation (r), coefficients of determination (r
2), and their level of significance were calculated.

Results
The associations between spinal BMD and each of the following variables were extremely significant: age at menarche (P = 0.0003), weight (P < 0.0001), stature (P = 0.0004), and BMI (P < 0.0001). The associations between spinal BMD and age (P = 0.004), and between spinal BMD and number of years after menopause were very significant (P = 0.0093). BMD was not associated with age at menopause or number of reproductive years. For multiple regressions there was an increasing trend of r
2 with increasing number of independent variables included in the analysis: r
2 = 21.84% (2 variables), r
2 = 24.93% (3 variables), 26.45% (4 variables), and r
2 = 27% (5 variables).

Conclusion
BMD is positively associated with weight, BMI, and stature, and is negatively associated with age, time of menarche, and years after menopause. BMD is not associated with age at menopause and reproductive period.
Risk factors for osteoporosis and the relationship between osteoporosis and hemoglobin level in adult patients with thalassemia in Rajavithi hospital
Authors: Nakhakes Chajchawan , Jaruluxananan Somluk , Saengsuda Yuthana , Saengsuda Sureerat 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background
Bone complications are common in patients with thalassemia.

Objectives
To assess risk factors for osteoporosis in patients with nonmajor thalassemia and its prevalence in randomly selected adult patients in Thailand.

Patients and methods
We included 190 adult patients (58 men and 132 women) with thalassemia intermedia or minor in this cross-sectional study. Patients with untreated hypogonadism, untreated hypothyroidism, menopause, and with a history of treatment with medications that have effects on skeletal or bone metabolism were excluded. Bone mass density (BMD) of the femoral neck was measured by calibrated dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Independent factors likely to be associated with osteoporosis were determined and included in the analysis to ascertain possible associations.

Results
Mean age was 35.48 ± 14.11 years (range 18–87 years). The mean Z score of femoral neck was − 0.86 ± 1.14 (range −3.7–2.40). Prevalence of osteoporosis was 22/190 (11.6%). Correlation between the pretransfusion hemoglobin level and BMD score was r = 0.192, P = 0.008. Univariate analysis found low BMI was a risk factor for osteoporosis (OR = 3.09, 95% CI 1.09–8.76, P = 0.039) and iron chelation therapy was a protective factor (OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.09–0.69, P = 0.005). Multivariate analysis did not find these factors to be significant.

Conclusions
All patients with thalassemia at risk of osteoporosis should be screened periodically for bone disease. The uncertainty and disagreements as to the potential role of different factors indicate the necessity for further studies to recognize the pathophysiological basis of this serious complication of thalassemia.
Particle trajectories on hillslopes: Implications for particle age and 10Be structure
Authors: Anderson Robert S. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMany geomorphic systems act as conveyor belts onto which material is loaded at a particular rate and is transported in one direction toward another system that serves as a sink. As the material travels, it ages, it changes in grain size, it accumulates cosmogenic radionuclides, it adsorbs or releases nutrients, and it weathers. Here I address the hillslope conveyor. As many geochemical processes are depth‐dependent, the depth history of a particle becomes important to know. I calculate soil particle trajectories in the horizontal‐depth plane and address three cases, one in which horizontal speeds decline exponentially with depth, a second in which they are uniform with depth, and a third in which horizontal speeds are also uniform but all profile values are vertically well‐mixed. Vertical speeds are governed by continuity in an incompressible medium and by the boundary condition of zero vertical particle speed at the soil surface. Particle trajectories must therefore become surface parallel at the surface. Knowledge of soil particle trajectories allows calculation of residence times and concentration profiles of 10Be in the soil. The results inform strategies for interpretation of nuclide concentrations in soils and stream sediments and for inference of transport rate profiles. In all steady cases, the particle age and 10Be structure are uniform with distance from the divide. When significant vertical gradients in horizontal speed occur, the patterns of particle age and of 10Be concentration are dominated by the depth scale of the transport process. In unmixed cases, the particle age and 10Be concentration in near‐surface samples can greatly exceed the vertically averaged values, reflecting the fact that the vertical speeds of particles slow dramatically as they near the surface. In cases in which horizontal speed varies significantly with depth, the vertically averaged concentration of 10Be within the soil can significantly underpredict the mean 10Be concentration of sediment delivered to the channel. Proper averaging requires weighting by particle speed. These results provide the backdrop for addressing chemical evolution of soil on a hillslope.
Das Methylsulfonyloxyl‐Radikal, CH3SO3
Authors: Zhu Bifeng , Zeng Xiaoqing , Beckers Helmut , Francisco Joseph S. , Willner Helge 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDas Methylsulfonyloxyl‐Radikal, CH3SO3, ein Schlüsselintermediat der atmosphärischen Oxidation von Dimethylsulfid (DMS), wurde durch Blitzpyrolyse von CH3SO2OOSO2CH3 erzeugt und nachfolgend in festen Edelgas‐Matrizen isoliert. Das Radikal wurde charakterisiert über seine UV/Vis‐ und IR‐Spektren, sowie seine Tautomerisierung zum CH2SO3H unter Bestrahlung mit Licht von λ≥360 nm.
Investigations on the effects of Cu2+ on the structure and function of human serum albumin
Authors: Jing Mingyang , Liu Rutao , Yan Wenbao , Tan Xuejie , Chen Yadong 
Published: August 2015

AbstractHuman serum albumin (HSA) is the most prominent protein in blood plasma with important physiological functions. Although copper is an essential metal for all organisms, the massive utilization of copper has led to concerns regarding its potential health impact. To better understand the potential toxicity and toxic mechanisms of Cu2+, it is of vital importance to characterize the interaction of Cu2+ with HSA. The effect of Cu2+ on the structure and function of HSA in vitro were investigated by biophysical methods including fluorescence techniques, circular dichroism (CD), time‐resolved measurements, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), molecular simulations and esterase activity assay. Multi‐spectroscopic measurements proved that Cu2+ quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA in a dynamic process accompanied by the formation of complex and alteration of secondary structure. But the Cu2+ had minimal effect on the backbone and secondary structure of HSA at relatively low concentrations. The ITC results indicated Cu2+ interacted with HSA spontaneously through hydrophobic forces with approximately 1 thermodynamic identical binding sites at 298 K. The esterase activity of HSA was inhibited obviously at the concentration of 8 × 10‐5 M. However, molecular simulation showed that Cu2+ mainly interacted with the amino acid residues Asp (451) by the electrostatic force. Thus, we speculated the interaction between Cu2+ and HSA might induce microenvironment of the active site (Arg 410). This study has provided a novel idea to explore the biological toxicity of Cu2+ at the molecular level. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cell extraction combined with off‐line HPLC for screening active compounds from Coptis chinensis
Authors: Tang Cheng , Wu Xiao‐Dan , Yu Ya‐Ming , Duan Hongquan , Zhou Jing , Xu Liang 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCell membrane chromatography is a useful tool for screening active compounds from natural products. As the reason of separation mechanism, traditional cell membrane chromatography could not be used for screening the active compounds absorbed through the cell membrane and influencing the cell signal transduction pathway. In this work, we establish a new method named cell extraction combined with off‐line HPLC for screening the compounds penetrating the cell membrane. This is the first time 3 T3‐L1 adipocyte culture has been combined with HPLC technology. Compared with other cell membrane chromatography methods, there is good resolution and no further analysis by other chromatographic steps is required. On co‐incubating crude extracts of Coptis chinensis with cells and analyzing the compounds extracted by the cells, active compounds such as berberine were detected. Glucose consumption tests showed that berberine could increase glucose consumption by insulin‐resistant 3 T3‐L1 adipocytes. The levels of intracellular berberine correlated with its activity. The results indicate that the developed method could be an alternative method for screening active compounds from natural products. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A [2+2+2]‐Cyclotrimerization Approach to Selectively Substituted Fluorenes and Fluorenols, and Their Conversion to 9,9′‐Spirobifluorenes
Authors: Kaiser Reinhard P. , Hessler Filip , Mosinger Jiří , Císařová Ivana , Kotora Martin 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSynthesis of selectively substituted fluorenes and fluorenols was achieved by using catalytic [2+2+2]cyclotrimerization. Various starting diynes were reacted with different alkynes in the presence of a catalytic amount of Wilkinson’s catalyst (RhCl(PPh3)3) providing the compounds possessing the fluorene scaffold in good isolated yields. A set of four regioselectively substituted fluorenols was converted to the corresponding 9,9′‐spirobifluorenes and their spectral characteristics were measured.
Perspektiven der Säure‐Base‐Methode zur Untersuchung der Oberflächeneigenschaften von Polymeren
Authors: Kraus Eduard , Baudrit Benjamin , Heidemeyer Peter , Bastian Martin , Nguen Duk Ahn , Starostina Irina , Stoyanov Oleg 
Published: August 2015

AbstractModerne Verfahren zur Bestimmung der freien Oberflächenenergie sowie deren Parameter wurden an diversen Kunststoffen sowie Klebstoffen analysiert. Dabei wurden für feste Polymeroberflächen als am besten geeigneten Methoden zur Bestimmung der Benetzung die Verfahren von Berger sowie van Oss‐Chaudhury‐Good ermittelt. Bewertet und modifiziert wurden außerdem Methoden der nichtlinearen Systeme von Della Volpe und Siboni. Durch eine Anwendung von räumlichen Gleichungslösungen wurden diverse Daten zur freien Oberflächenenergie sowie ihrer Komponenten für eine Reihe von Polymeroberflächen bestimmt.
Morphology Tailoring of Pt Nanocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: The Paradigm of Pt13
Authors: Zhang Wei , Sumer Aslihan , Jellinek Julius , Cheng Daojian 
Published: August 2015

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between the morphology of Pt nanocatalysts and their catalytic performance towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is important for their applications as electrocatalysts. In this work, using density functional theory calculations, we investigate structural properties, ORR activity, and CO tolerance of five morphological forms of the Pt13 cluster. Four of these are low‐energy, lower symmetry conformations (Pt13−1 and Pt13−4 have CS symmetry, Pt13−2 and Pt13−3 are of C2v symmetry) and the fifth (Pt13−5) is a higher energy, icosahedral structure. Our results indicate that of the five considered, Pt13−1 and Pt13−2 possesses the best, overall comparable, combination of catalytic characteristics—activity and CO tolerance—relevant to the ORR. Computational characterization of morphology‐dependent catalytic properties of sub‐nano and nanosized particles herein can inform the design and synthesis of nanocatalysts with superior targeted functionalities.
Developmental reversals in recognition memory in children and adults
Authors: Gross Julien , Gardiner Beatrix , Hayne Harlene 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTOlder members of a given species typically exhibit superior learning and memory abilities relative to younger members, however, the developmental difference does not always occur in this younger‐to‐older direction. Developmental reversals are thought to reflect adaptive responses to the unique challenges imposed by the infant's niche. In humans, identification of developmental reversals has largely been precluded because infants, children, and adults are rarely tested using the same experimental procedures. Here, we adapted the visual recognition memory task and tested 3‐year‐olds and adults using one set of child‐oriented stimuli and one set of adult‐orientated stimuli. When tested immediately, children and adults exhibited recognition memory for both stimuli. When tested after a 1‐week delay, children exhibited recognition memory for the child‐oriented stimuli, but not for the adult‐oriented stimuli and adults exhibited recognition memory for the adult‐oriented stimuli, but not for the child‐oriented stimuli. These data have important implications for current theories of memory development. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58:52–59, 2016.
Quantification of correlational selection on thermal physiology, thermoregulatory behavior, and energy metabolism in lizards
Authors: Artacho Paulina , Saravia Julia , Ferrandière Beatriz Decencière , Perret Samuel , Le Galliard Jean‐François 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPhenotypic selection is widely accepted as the primary cause of adaptive evolution in natural populations, but selection on complex functional properties linking physiology, behavior, and morphology has been rarely quantified. In ectotherms, correlational selection on thermal physiology, thermoregulatory behavior, and energy metabolism is of special interest because of their potential coadaptation. We quantified phenotypic selection on thermal sensitivity of locomotor performance (sprint speed), thermal preferences, and resting metabolic rate in captive populations of an ectothermic vertebrate, the common lizard, Zootoca vivipara. No correlational selection between thermal sensitivity of performance, thermoregulatory behavior, and energy metabolism was found. A combination of high body mass and resting metabolic rate was positively correlated with survival and negatively correlated with fecundity. Thus, different mechanisms underlie selection on metabolism in lizards with small body mass than in lizards with high body mass. In addition, lizards that selected the near average preferred body temperature grew faster that their congeners. This is one of the few studies that quantifies significant correlational selection on a proxy of energy expenditure and stabilizing selection on thermoregulatory behavior.