bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet-rich therapy in the treatment of patients with hip fractures: a single centre, parallel group, participant-blinded, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Griffin Xavier L , Achten Juul , Parsons Nick , Costa Matt L 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveTo quantify and draw inferences on the clinical effectiveness of platelet-rich therapy in the management of patients with a typical osteoporotic fracture of the hip.DesignSingle centre, parallel group, participant-blinded, randomised controlled trial.SettingUK Major Trauma Centre.Participants200 of 315 eligible patients aged 65 years and over with any type of intracapsular fracture of the proximal femur. Patients were excluded if their fracture precluded internal fixation.InterventionsParticipants underwent internal fixation of the fracture with cannulated screws and were randomly allocated to receive an injection of platelet-rich plasma into the fracture site or not.Main outcome measuresFailure of fixation within 12 months, defined as any revision surgery.ResultsPrimary outcome data were available for 82 of 101 and 78 of 99 participants allocated to test and control groups, respectively; the remainder died prior to final follow-up. There was an absolute risk reduction of 5.6% (95% CI −10.6% to 21.8%) favouring treatment with platelet-rich therapy (χ2test, p=0.569). An adjusted effect estimate from a logistic regression model was similar (OR=0.71, 95% CI 0.36 to 1.40, z test; p=0.325). There were no significant differences in any of the secondary outcome measures excepting length of stay favouring treatment with platelet-rich therapy (median difference 8 days, Mann-Whitney U test; p=0.03). The number and distribution of adverse events were similar. Estimated cumulative incidence functions for the competing events of death and revision demonstrated no evidence of a significant treatment effect (HR 0.895, 95% CI 0.533 to 1.504; p=0.680 in favour of platelet-rich therapy).ConclusionsNo evidence of a difference in the risk of revision surgery within 1 year in participants treated with platelet-rich therapy compared with those not treated. However, we cannot definitively exclude a clinically meaningful difference.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials,ISRCTN49197425,http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN49197425
Arsenic Exposure and Cancer Mortality in a US-Based Prospective Cohort: The Strong Heart Study
Authors: García-Esquinas Esther , Pollán Marina , Umans Jason G. , Francesconi Kevin A. , Goessler Walter , Guallar Eliseo , Howard Barbara , Farley John , Best Lyle G. , Navas–Acien Ana 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Background: Inorganic arsenic, a carcinogen at high exposure levels, is a major global health problem. Prospective studies on carcinogenic effects at low–moderate arsenic levels are lacking.
Methods: We evaluated the association between baseline arsenic exposure and cancer mortality in 3,932 American Indians, 45 to 74 years of age, from Arizona, Oklahoma, and North/South Dakota who participated in the Strong Heart Study from 1989 to 1991 and were followed through 2008. We estimated inorganic arsenic exposure as the sum of inorganic and methylated species in urine. Cancer deaths (386 overall, 78 lung, 34 liver, 18 prostate, 26 kidney, 24 esophagus/stomach, 25 pancreas, 32 colon/rectal, 26 breast, and 40 lymphatic/hematopoietic) were assessed by mortality surveillance reviews. We hypothesized an association with lung, liver, prostate, and kidney cancers.
Results: Median (interquartile range) urine concentration for inorganic plus methylated arsenic species was 9.7 (5.8–15.6) μg/g creatinine. The adjusted HRs [95% confidence interval (CI)] comparing the 80th versus 20th percentiles of arsenic were 1.14 (0.92–1.41) for overall cancer, 1.56 (1.02–2.39) for lung cancer, 1.34 (0.66, 2.72) for liver cancer, 3.30 (1.28–8.48) for prostate cancer, and 0.44 (0.14, 1.14) for kidney cancer. The corresponding hazard ratios were 2.46 (1.09–5.58) for pancreatic cancer, and 0.46 (0.22–0.96) for lymphatic and hematopoietic cancers. Arsenic was not associated with cancers of the esophagus and stomach, colon and rectum, and breast.
Conclusions: Low to moderate exposure to inorganic arsenic was prospectively associated with increased mortality for cancers of the lung, prostate, and pancreas.
Impact: These findings support the role of low–moderate arsenic exposure in development of lung, prostate, and pancreas cancer and can inform arsenic risk assessment. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(11); 1944–53. ©2013 AACR.
Therapeutic Efficacy of AAV1.SERCA2a in Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Hadri Lahouaria , Kratlian Razmig G. , Benard Ludovic , Maron Bradley A. , Dorfmüller Peter , Ladage Dennis , Guignabert Christophe , Ishikawa Kiyotake , Aguero Jaume , Ibanez Borja , Turnbull Irene C. , Kohlbrenner Erik , Liang Lifan , Zsebo Krisztina , Humbert Marc , Hulot Jean-Sébastien , Kawase Yoshiaki , Hajjar Roger J. , Leopold Jane A. 
Published: June 2013

Background—

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by dysregulated proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells leading to (mal)adaptive vascular remodeling. In the systemic circulation, vascular injury is associated with downregulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) and alterations in Ca
2+
homeostasis in vascular smooth muscle cells that stimulate proliferation. We, therefore, hypothesized that downregulation of SERCA2a is permissive for pulmonary vascular remodeling and the development of PAH.

Methods and Results—
SERCA2a expression was decreased significantly in remodeled pulmonary arteries from patients with PAH and the rat monocrotaline model of PAH in comparison with controls. In human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in vitro, SERCA2a overexpression by gene transfer decreased proliferation and migration significantly by inhibiting NFAT/STAT3. Overexpresion of SERCA2a in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells in vitro increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and activation. In monocrotaline rats with established PAH, gene transfer of SERCA2a via intratracheal delivery of aerosolized adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1) carrying the human SERCA2a gene (AAV1.SERCA2a) decreased pulmonary artery pressure, vascular remodeling, right ventricular hypertrophy, and fibrosis in comparison with monocrotaline-PAH rats treated with a control AAV1 carrying β-galactosidase or saline. In a prevention protocol, aerosolized AAV1.SERCA2a delivered at the time of monocrotaline administration limited adverse hemodynamic profiles and indices of pulmonary and cardiac remodeling in comparison with rats administered AAV1 carrying β-galactosidase or saline.

Conclusions—
Downregulation of SERCA2a plays a critical role in modulating the vascular and right ventricular pathophenotype associated with PAH. Selective pulmonary SERCA2a gene transfer may offer benefit as a therapeutic intervention in PAH.
Treatments of Low-priority and the Patient Mobility Directive 2011, an End to Legal Uncertainty for the English NHS?
Authors: Sheppard Maria K. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The patient mobility case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union created legal uncertainty for the healthcare systems of EU Member States. The Patient Mobility Directive setting out patients’ cross-­border rights was adopted to end this uncertainty. With the Directive to be transposed into national law by October 2013 this article discusses whether the Directive achieves this objective for the English NHS. It contrasts the legal position of the NHS patient under case law and under the Directive regarding the need for prior authorisation of cross-border treatment, the level of reimbursement and the ambit of the healthcare benefits basket. It is argued that the risk of legal challenge may persist under the Directive, specifically regarding treatments which are classified by health authorities as low priority, namely treatments which are either not ‘generally’ available or only available subject to certain clinical criteria or access thresholds.
Decadal Freshening of the Antarctic Bottom Water Exported from the Weddell Sea
Authors: Jullion Loïc , Naveira Garabato Alberto C. , Meredith Michael P. , Holland Paul R. , Courtois Peggy , King Brian A. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Recent decadal changes in Southern Hemisphere climate have driven strong responses from the cryosphere. Concurrently, there has been a marked freshening of the shelf and bottom waters across a wide sector of the Southern Ocean, hypothesized to be caused by accelerated glacial melt in response to a greater flux of warm waters from the Antarctic Circumpolar Current onto the shelves of West Antarctica. However, the circumpolar pattern of changes has been incomplete: no decadal freshening in the deep layers of the Atlantic sector has been observed. In this study, the authors document a significant freshening of the Antarctic Bottom Water exported from the Weddell Sea, which is the source for the abyssal layer of the Atlantic overturning circulation, and trace its possible origin to atmospheric-forced changes in the ice shelves and sea ice on the eastern flank of the Antarctic Peninsula that include an anthropogenic component. These findings suggest that the expansive and relatively cool Weddell gyre does not insulate the bottom water formation regions in the Atlantic sector from the ongoing changes in climatic forcing over the Antarctic region.
SWAT-Based Streamflow Estimation and Its Responses to Climate Change in the Kadongjia River Watershed, Southern Tibet
Authors: Sun Rui , Zhang Xueqin , Sun Yang , Zheng Du , Fraedrich Klaus 
Published: June 2013

AbstractRunoff estimation and its response to climate change in ungauged or poorly gauged basins based on hydrological models are frontier research issues of the hydrological cycle. For the Kadongjia River watershed (KRW), a poorly gauged watershed located in southern Tibet, China, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was adapted to model streamflow and its responses to climate change. The average annual streamflow was simulated to be roughly 124.6 mm with relatively small interannual variation during 1974–2010. The seasonal distribution of streamflow was uneven with a maximum in summer and a minimum in winter. Snowmelt, which was mainly produced in April–May, accounted for 4.0% of annual streamflow. Correlations and regression analysis between the interannual variations of major climatic and hydrological variables indicated that precipitation (temperature) had positive (negative) influence on the annual streamflow variation. For the interannual streamflow variations, warmer temperature was slightly more important than the variation of winter precipitation. Comparing streamflow changes in the current years (1980–99) with the future (2030–49), streamflow variations were more sensitive to changing climate in winter and spring than in the other two seasons. Model improvement is expected to enhance the simulation efficiency of SWAT and the analyses of hydrological responses to climatic change in KRW, thus supporting the model's credibility for hydrological cycle research in alpine regions.
Laryngeal anomalies: Pitfalls in adult forensic autopsies
Authors: Advenier AS , De La Grandmaison G Lorin , Cavard S , Pyatigorskaya N , Malicier D , Charlier P 
Published: June 2013

Objective: This is the first paper to group together most of adult laryngeal anomalies or malformations which may be misinterpreted by the forensic pathologist and taken for a proof of violence. Material and methods: A review of the literature, to list the main pitfalls, to explain their nature and their origins. Results: We found two main categories, the congenital defects and the acquired anomalies. Conclusions: The laryngeal region is complex. The pathologist must keep in mind anatomical variations or malformations, but also sequelae of old injuries and iatrogenic lesions. The survey, the patient’s clinical history, the findings of the whole autopsy and, if necessary, histology may help to interpret a laryngeal anomaly.
Gender Policies in Argentina after Neoliberalism
Authors: Lopreite Debora 
Published: June 2013

After a decade of neoliberalism under the social-conservative administration of Carlos Menem (1989–1999), with its negative effects on women’s rights, the 2001–2002 economic crises created new opportunities for women. The Menem administration initiated a gender-equality agenda with its quota for women candidates for the Congress and its adoption of the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, but it clashed with women’s groups on reproductive rights. While the two Kirchner administrations (2003–present) established programs for sexual health and responsible procreation, they reverted to maternalism in their programs for social assistance for poor mothers and family support. The Consejo Nacional de la Mujer (National Women’s Council), created during the Menem administration, took on more responsibility for delivering social assistance but abandoned its original gender-equality mandate. Luego de una década de neoliberalismo bajo la administración conservadora-social de Carlos Menem (1989–1999), con sus efectos negativos sobre los derechos de las mujeres, las crisis económicas de 2001–2002 crearon nuevas oportunidades para las mujeres. La administración Menem inició una agenda de igualdad de género con la adopción de la cuota para candidatas mujeres para el Congreso y la adopción del Convención sobre la Eliminación de Todas las Formas de Discriminación contra la Mujer de la ONU, pero chocó con los grupos de mujeres sobre derechos reproductivos. Aunque las dos administraciones Kirchner (2003 al presente) establecieron programas para la salud sexual y la procreación responsable, volvieron al maternalismo en sus programas de asistencia social para mujeres pobres y el apoyo familiar. El Consejo Nacional de la Mujer, creado durante la administración Menem, se comprometió más en la entrega de asistencia social pero abandonó su mandato original de igualdad de género.
Social Revolution or Political Takeover?
Authors: Malamud Andrés 
Published: June 2013

In 1995 the Peronist party held the Argentine presidency, a comfortable majority in both congressional chambers, and most provincial governorships and municipalities. In 2013 the political landscape looked exactly the same. However, between 2001 and 2002 the country arguably went through its most serious crisis ever, which led to massive popular uprisings, the early resignation of two presidents, and the largest debt default in international history. The political collapse did not, however, constitute a spontaneous or definite rupture with the past. Instead, the social revolt detonated in December 2001 was not only temporally and territorially limited but also politically nurtured and institutionally bounded. Conventional explanations have tended to overlook a crucial set of actors that was neither marching in the streets nor voting in the Congress. These actors were subnational power holders and they were Peronist, and their participation explains how the protest began, how the crisis unfolded, and how it was resolved. En 1995, el partido peronista ocupaba la presidencia de la Argentina y gozaba de amplia mayoría en ambas cámaras, así como en las gobernaciones y municipios. En 2013, el panorama político lucía exactamente igual. Sin embargo, entre 2001 y 2002 el país sufrió una de las crisis más graves de su historia, que desembocó en levantamientos populares masivos, la renuncia anticipada de dos presidentes y el mayor incumplimiento de pago de una deuda soberana en la historia. El colapso político, sin embargo, no constituyó una ruptura espontánea ni definitiva con el pasado sino un acontecimiento que, además de temporal y territorialmente acotado, fue alimentado políticamente y digerido institucionalmente. Las explicaciones convencionales han pasado por alto a un conjunto de actores que no marchaba en las calles ni votaba en el Congreso. Estos actores tenían dos características: eran autoridades subnacionales y eran peronistas. Su participación explica el inicio de la protesta social, el desarrollo de la crisis y su resolución.
The impact of pulmonary Acinetobacter baumannii infection on the prognosis of inpatients in a neurological intensive care unit
Authors: Mao Yong-xiang , Liu Guang-wei , Wang Liang , Wang Xue-feng , Li Feng 
Published: June 2013

Objective To investigate the impact of pulmonary Acinetobacter baumannii infection on the prognosis of patients in a Chinese neurological intensive care unit (NICU). Methods Patients with pulmonary infection and positive sputum culture findings were retrospectively enrolled. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors influencing prognosis. Neurological disease improvement/nonimprovement and mortality rates were assessed. Results The study included 374 NICU patients with pulmonary infection (110 [29.4%] with A. baumannii, 264 [70.6%] with other micro-organisms). A. baumannii infection (OR = 2.987) and invasive mechanical ventilation (OR = 16.898) were independent factors in disease prognosis. A. baumannii infection was associated with longer NICU stay, fewer improved patients and increased mortality rate compared with other pulmonary infections. Conclusions A. baumannii infection prolongs the duration of the NICU stay and negatively impacts on prognosis. Prognosis of NICU patients could be improved by controlling A. baumannii infection.
Boatmen and Status of Dal Lake and Its Environs: A Tale of Srinagar
Authors: Fazal Shahab , Amin Arshad 
Published: June 2013

The paper explores how rapid urbanization in Srinagar (India) has led to the decay of the environment of Dal Lake – one of the most tourist frequented locations in India, and the impact it has had on the local aboriginal community of Hanjis who are dependent on the Lake for their livelihoods. Rapid urbanization has led to shrinking in the area of the Lake and deterioration in water quality, coupled with increasing exploitation of natural resource available. Ironically, most of the over-exploitation of resources and pollution of the lake is attributable to the Hanjis themselves as they are unable to perceive the harm their community is likely to face in the long-run of these actions as economic sustenance and livelihoods of this community is completely dependent on the well-being of the Lake. There is a need for taking immediate action both from the Hanjis community, as well as from the government, and a need for them to work collectively. Participatory development efforts in planning need to be taken up as the focus of managing the challenge rather than strict restrictions and enforcement alone by the government, and complete ignorant attitude of the local community. Most Hanjis feel they have been alienated from development plan preparation for conservation of the Dal Lake, which has in turn led them to over-exploit the lake’s resources as the sense of attachment and reliance is not there. [Formula: see text]
Competency based advanced training in Intellectual Disability Psychiatry: a NSW prototype
Authors: Johnson Keith , Bowden Michael , Coyne David , Trollor Julian 
Published: June 2013

Objective: This paper describes a competency based advanced training year in adult Intellectual Disability Psychiatry enabled through a partnership between disability and mental health sectors. This training experience could be viewed as a prototype for further specialised training schemes in Intellectual Disability Psychiatry, and has relevance for the implementation of competency based psychiatric training schemes in Australia. Conclusions: The need for a specific training curriculum in Intellectual Disability Psychiatry is outlined with reference to epidemiological evidence and human rights. The formulation of the training programme and the training experience itself is described and evaluated. Conclusions on the implications of this experience for the future competency based training schemes are drawn. Building a skilled workforce is necessary to address the significant inequalities in mental health experienced by people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. A significant initial step for this would be the development of a specialised training curriculum. Service provision for this population is scattered across many disciplines and organisations with historically little mutual cooperation. Additionally, proposed competency-based training schemes stipulate that a medical expert develops a wide skill set across multiple domains. Thus, formal cross sector collaboration is fundamental for any competency based training scheme to be feasible.
Relationship Between Red Cell Distribution Width and Stroke in Patients With Stable Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Kaya Ahmet , Isik Turgay , Kaya Yasemin , Enginyurt Ozgur , Gunaydin Zeki Yuksel , Iscanli Murat Dogan , Kurt Mustafa , Tanboga Ibrahim Halil 
Published: June 2013

Aim: We aimed to investigate the association between baseline red cell distribution width (RDW) level and the risk of stroke in patients with heart failure (HF). Methods: A total of 153 consecutive patients with HF (New York Heart Association [NYHA] I-III and left ventricular ejection fraction of <40%) were included in this prospective study. All the patients were followed up for 1 year, and during this period the cerebrovascular disease was questioned. Results: In matched population, using propensity score matching comparing patients with HF having stroke with patients without stroke, we found significantly increased basal RDW and serum uric acid. The receiver-operating characteristic curves of RDW for predicting stroke are performed. An RDW ≥15.2% measured on admission had 87% sensitivity and 74% specificity in predicting stroke in patients with HF (area under the curve: 0.923, 95% confidence interval: 0.852-0.994, P < .001). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study demonstrated that RDW may be important hematological indices for stroke in patients with HF using propensity score analysis.