bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbonic anhydrase VI: a novel marker for salivary serous acinar differentiation and its application to discriminate acinic cell carcinoma from mammary analogue secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland
Authors: Hsieh Min‐Shu , Jeng Yung‐Ming , Jhuang Yu‐Lin , Chou Yueh‐Hung , Lin Chiao‐Ying 
Published: July 2015

AimsCarbonic anhydrase VI (CA6) is present in serous acinar cells of human salivary glands. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic utility of CA6 in differentiating acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) from its morphological mimic mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC) of the salivary gland.Methods and resultsCA6 immunostaining was performed in 28 cases of AciCC and 14 cases of MASC. All cases of AciCC showed positive CA6 staining. The staining pattern correlated with the number of serous acinar cells in tumours. All MASCs stained negatively for CA6. The results were compared with those obtained with currently used markers, including DOG1, mammaglobin, S100, and vimentin. CA6 showed sensitivity and specificity as high as those of DOG1 in diagnosing AciCC. CA6 expression was focally observed in basal cell adenoma and in one case of cystadenocarcinoma (1/3), but not in other salivary gland tumours, including mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, salivary duct carcinoma, lymphoepithelial carcinoma, epithelial–myoepithelial carcinoma, and pleomorphic adenoma.ConclusionsCA6 is a specific marker for serous acinar cells of salivary glands and AciCC. CA6 has sensitivity and specificity equal to those of DOG1 in the differential diagnosis between AciCC and MASC. A combination of CA6 and DOG1 could be an ideal immunohistochemical panel for AciCC.
Correlation of histomorphological pattern of cardiac amyloid deposition with amyloid type: a histological and proteomic analysis of 108 cases
Authors: Larsen Brandon T , Mereuta Oana M , Dasari Surendra , Fayyaz Ahmed U , Theis Jason D , Vrana Julie A , Grogan Martha , Dogan Ahmet , Dispenzieri Angela , Edwards William D , Kurtin Paul J , Maleszewski Joseph J 
Published: July 2015

AimsPrognostication and treatment selection for cardiac amyloidosis requires accurate amyloid typing. The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of histomorphology for predicting type.Methods and resultsAutopsy cases with cardiac amyloidosis (1998–2010) were typed by the use of mass spectrometry‐based proteomics. Deposition patterns were correlated with amyloid type. Among 108 decedents (mean age 75 years; 69% men), 107 had a single type, including transthyretin (ATTR) (60 cases), amyloid light chain (AL) (32 λ; 12 κ), amyloid A (AA) (two), and apolipoprotein AIV (AApoAIV) (one). Interstitial deposition was more extensive in AL amyloidosis cases than in ATTR cases [odds ratio (OR) 6.8, P = 0.0004]. Histomorphological patterns of interstitial deposition were mixed in 61% of AL amyloidosis cases and in 61% of ATTR cases, but diffuse pericellular deposits favoured AL amyloidosis (OR 10.7, P = 0.0001), nodular deposits favoured ATTR (OR 3.1, P = 0.0229), and discrete pericellular deposits tended to partially favour ATTR (OR 1.7, P = 0.1970). Arterial and venous deposits each favoured AL amyloidosis (OR ranging from 9.3 to 192.0, P‐value ranging from 0.0022 to <0.0001), and were severe in AL amyloidosis. Endocardial deposits favoured AL amyloidosis (OR 46.3, P < 0.0001) and were also more severe in AL amyloidosis.ConclusionsThe extent and distribution of cardiac amyloidosis strongly correlate with amyloid type, suggesting fundamental differences in the pathobiology of deposition. The tendency for mixed patterns to occur limits the practicality and accuracy of using histopathology for amyloid typing.
Interrelatedness between dysbiosis in the gut microbiota due to immunodeficiency and disease penetrance of colitis
Authors: Ray Avijit , Dittel Bonnie N. 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThe composition of the microbiome in health and disease has only recently become a major research focus. Although it is clear that an imbalance or dysbiosis in the microbiota is associated with disease, its interrelatedness to disease penetrance is largely unknown. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an excellent disease in which to explore these questions because of the extensive genetic studies identifying disease susceptibility loci and the ability to easily sample the intestinal microbiota in IBD patients due to the accessibility of stool samples. In addition, mouse models of IBD have contributed to our understanding of the interrelatedness of the gut microbiota and genes associated with IBD. The power of the mouse studies is that multiple colitis models exist that can be used in combination with genetically modified mice that harbour deficiencies in IBD susceptibility genes. Collectively, these studies revealed that bacterial dysbiosis does occur in human IBD and in mouse colitis models. In addition, with an emphasis on immune genes, the mouse studies provided evidence that specific immune regulatory proteins associated with IBD influence the gut microbiota in a manner consistent with disease penetrance. In this review, we will discuss studies in both humans and mice that demonstrate the impact of immunodeficiences in interleukin‐10, interleukin‐17, nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain (NOD) 2, NOD‐like receptor proteins 3 and 6, Toll‐like receptor or IgA have on the interrelatedness between the composition of the gut microbiota and disease penetrance of IBD and its mouse models.
Interleukin‐17A deficiency ameliorates streptozotocin‐induced diabetes
Authors: Tong Zan , Liu Weihuang , Yan Huichao , Dong Chen 
Published: July 2015

SummaryInterleukin‐17 (IL‐17) is a cytokine with critical functions in multiple autoimmune diseases. However, its roles in type I diabetes and the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. In the current study, we investigated the impact of IL‐17 deficiency on streptozotocin (STZ) ‐induced diabetes. Il‐17−/− mice exhibited attenuated hyperglycaemia and insulitis after STZ treatment compared with control mice. The Il‐17−/− mice had fewer CD8+ cells infiltrating the pancreas than wild‐type controls after STZ injection. Wild‐type mice showed increased percentage and number of splenic CD8+ cells and decreased Gr1+ CD11b+ myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSC) after STZ treatment, but Il‐17−/− mice maintained the percentages and numbers of splenic CD8+ cells and MDSC, suggesting that IL‐17 is implicated in STZ‐induced cellular immune responses in the spleen. We further purified the MDSC from spleens of STZ‐treated mice. Il‐17−/− MDSC showed increased ability to suppress CD8+ cell proliferation in vitro compared with wild‐type MDSC. Transfer of MDSC to diabetic mice showed that MDSC from Il‐17−/− mice could ameliorate hyperglycaemia. Moreover, recipients with MDSC from Il‐17−/− mice had a decreased percentage of CD8+ cell in the spleen compared with recipients with MDSC from wild‐type mice. These data suggest that IL‐17 is required in splenic MDSC function after STZ delivery. In summary, our study has revealed a pathogenic role of IL‐17 in an STZ‐induced diabetes model with important implications for our understanding of IL‐17 function in autoimmune diseases.
Children's perception of caries and gingivitis as determinants of oral health behaviours: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Eisalhy Mohamed , Alsumait Aishah , Behzadi Sahar , Al‐Mutawa Sabiha , Amin Maryam 
Published: July 2015

AimTo evaluate the relationship between children's perception of caries and gingivitis and their oral health behaviours.DesignParticipants in this cross‐sectional study were children aged 11–14 years. A questionnaire for measuring children's perceptions and behaviours was developed, validated and applied. Perceptions were analysed as predictors for behaviours using multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 434 children (57% males) participated in the study. Half of them perceived caries as a disease and believed in visiting the dentist regularly regardless of dental need. More than 60% were unaware that gum bleeding is a sign of disease and only 60.7% believed that it requires a management. Being aware that gum bleeding is a sign of disease and that it requires treatment increased the odds of brushing 2.83 (OR = 2.83, 95% CI:1.33–6.12) and 2.1 (OR = 2.1, 95% CI:1.05–5.55) times, respectively. Children aware of importance of dental visits even without dental decay were 2.9 times more likely to visit the dentist regularly (OR = 2.86, 95% CI:1.25–5.75) and were 77% more likely to never miss a dental appointment (OR = 1.77, 95% CI:1.03–3.37).ConclusionBeing aware that bleeding gum requires treatment was a determinant of toothbrushing habit. Improved perceived need for dental check‐up regardless of dental problem may promote children's preventive dental attendance.
Association Between Serum Uric Acid Levels/Hyperuricemia and Hypertension Among 85,286 Japanese Workers
Authors: Yokokawa Hirohide , Fukuda Hiroshi , Suzuki Akihito , Fujibayashi Kazutoshi , Naito Toshio , Uehara Yuki , Nakayama Akiyoshi , Matsuo Hirotaka , Sanada Hironobu , Jose Pedro A. , Miwa Yuichi , Hisaoka Teruhiko , Isonuma Hiroshi 
Published: July 2015

This cross‐sectional study from January 2012 to December 2012 aimed to examine the sex‐specific association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels/hyperuricemia and hypertension among Japanese patients. SUA level, medical histories, and lifestyle‐related items were collected from 85,286 of 136,770 participants. Among those with hyperuricemia, the median age was 46 years and 97% were men, which was significantly different than those without hyperurecemia (44 years and 56%, respectively; P<.01). Hyperuricemia was 1.79 times more likely in hypertensive men than normotensive men and almost six times more likely in hypertensive women (odds ratio=5.92 and adjusted odds ratio=1.33 for men and adjusted odds ratio=1.81 for women) after multivariate analysis. SUA quartiles positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressures in both sexes. Hyperuricemia and SUA levels were significantly associated with hypertension in both sexes. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining normal SUA levels to manage and prevent hypertension. Better management of SUA as well as blood pressure may have potential in preventing future cardiovascular disorders.
Correlations between two different methods to score bleeding and the relationship with plaque in systemically healthy young adults
Authors: Oliveira Sara Cioccari , Slot Dagmar E. , Celeste Roger Keller , Abegg Claides , Keijser Bart J. F. , Van der Weijden Fridus A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimTo evaluate the correlation between bleeding on marginal probing (BOMP) and bleeding on pocket probing (BOPP), and the correlation of both bleeding indices with plaque.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study screened 336 participants, from which 268 were eligible for examination and analysis. Bleeding and plaque indices were assessed by single examiners, at six sites per tooth.ResultsThe mean percentage of sites per individual with bleeding on marginal probing, bleeding on pocket probing and dental plaque were 19.9%, 51.2% and 32.2% respectively. In the quadrants where the margin was probed before the pocket, a 4.6 percentage points higher bleeding tendency with BOPP was observed (p < 0.05). At a site level, the correlation coefficients of plaque and bleeding on marginal probing and bleeding on pocket probing were 0.19 and 0.20 respectively. Both bleeding indices were also shown to be correlated (r = 0.89, fixed effect model).ConclusionThe prevalence of bleeding upon probing is influenced by the scoring method that is used for the diagnosis. Probing the bottom of the pocket results in significantly more bleeding than running a probe along the margin.
Serum parathyroid hormone and active vitamin D in chronic periodontitis
Authors: Antonoglou Georgios N. , Knuuttila Matti , Niemelä Onni , Ylöstalo Pekka , Raunio Taina , Hiltunen Liisa , Karttunen Riitta , Tervonen Tellervo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectivesTo study the association between periodontitis and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the response of PTH to periodontal therapy in type 1 diabetic patients (T1DM). We also investigated the PTH‐1,25(OH)2D axis in the T1DM group.MethodsPeriodontal health status was recorded in 54 periodontitis patients and 30 periodontally healthy controls (case–control data). Data were also collected from patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus at the baseline (n = 76) and after periodontal therapy (intervention data) (n = 53).ResultsPeriodontitis was not associated with serum PTH in the case–control data or at the baseline of the intervention data. A post‐therapy increase in serum PTH was found in 61% of the T1DM patients; in patients with moderate or severe periodontitis (n = 26) the average increase was 0.6 pmol/l (p = 0.016) and in patients with no or mild periodontitis (n = 27) 0.2 pmol/l (p = 0.250). In 47% of the T1DM patients, an increase in PTH was associated with an increase in serum 1,25(OH)2D.ConclusionAn association between serum PTH and periodontal infection was found only after periodontal therapy in T1DM patients. This post‐treatment response in serum PTH may partly explain the previously reported increase in serum 1,25(OH)2D.
Genomewide association study on chronic periodontitis in Korean population: results from the Yangpyeong health cohort
Authors: Hong Kyung‐Won , Shin Myung‐Seop , Ahn Yoo‐Been , Lee Hyun‐Jin , Kim Hyun‐Duck 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimThis study aims to locate the genes related to periodontitis through genome‐wide association study (GWAS) in Korean population.MethodsTotal of 677 adults aged 44–88 years were recruited from the Yangpyeong cohort in Korea. The participants did not have self‐reported metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases or cancer. Periodontitis was assessed using alveolar bone loss from a digital panoramic radiograph and classified into three groups: normal to mild, moderate and severe periodontitis. DNA from blood samples were genotyped using the Illumina Human 1M‐duo Beadchip. Multivariable logistic regression analysis in PLINK was applied to examine the single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to periodontitis after controlling for various confounders.ResultsAssociations of three SNPs suggested TENM2 (rs4242220) and LDLRAD4 (rs12969041, rs2027756) as putative risk genes of chronic periodontitis (p‐values <1 × 10−5). The odds ratio [95% confidence interval (CI)] of TENM2 was 0.53 (0.40–0.70) for moderate periodontitis and that of LDLRAD4 was 2.86 (1.92–4.27) for severe periodontitis. Two nonsynonymous SNPs of protein coding region and seven SNPs selected from previous reports showed nominal association.ConclusionOur GWAS supports a previously reported gene of TENM2 and newly suggests LDLRAD4. These two genes’ role on lipid metabolism may play a part in the molecular aetiology of periodontitis.
Comparison of scoring systems for nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Hae Min , Jeon Seong Woo , Jung Jin Tae , Lee Dong Wook , Ha Chang Yoon , Park Kyung Sik , Lee Si Hyung , Yang Chang Heon , Park Jun Hyung , Park Youn Sun ,   Daegu‐Gyeongbuk Gastrointestinal Study Group (DGSG)
Published: July 2015

SummaryBackground and Aim:The Glasgow–Blatchford score (GBS) and Rockall score (RS) are widely used to assess risk in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). We compared both scoring systems and evaluated their clinical usefulness.Methods:Between February 2011 and December 2013, 1584 patients with nonvariceal UGIB were included in the study. A prospective study was conducted to compare the performance of the GBS, pre‐RS, and full RS. We compared the performance of these scores using receiver operating characteristic curves.Results:For prediction of the need for hospital‐based intervention, the GBS was similar to the full RS (area under the receiver operating characteristic curves [AUROC] 0.705 vs 0.727; P = 0.282) and superior to the pre‐RS (AUROC 0.705 vs 0.601; P < 0.0001). In predicting death, the full RS was superior to the GBS (AUROC 0.758 vs 0.644; P = 0.0006) and similar to the pre‐RS (AUROC 0.758 vs 0.754; P = 0.869). In predicting rebleeding, the full RS was superior to both GBS (AUROC 0.642 vs 0.585; P = 0.031) and pre‐RS (AUROC 0.642 vs 0.593; P = 0.0003). Of 1584 patients, 13 (0.8%) scored 0 on the GBS. Therapeutic intervention was not performed in any of these patients.Conclusions:The GBS is more useful than the pre‐RS for predicting the need for hospital‐based intervention. A cutoff value of 0 for low‐risk patients who might be suitable for outpatient management is useful. The full RS is helpful in predicting death. None of the systems accurately predict rebleeding with a low AUROC. (Clinical trial: cris.nih.go.kr/KCT0000514).
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and toll‐like receptor signaling in patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Kapil Shweta , Duseja Ajay , Sharma Bal Krishan , Singla Bhupesh , Chakraborti Anuradha , Das Ashim , Ray Pallab , Dhiman Radha K , Chawla Yogesh 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackground and Aim:The pathogenesis of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is multifactorial. There is sparse literature on the role of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling in NAFLD. The present study evaluated the relationship of SIBO with expression of TLR signaling genes in patients with NAFLD.Methods:A total of 142 subjects composed of NAFLD (n = 60, mean age 38.7 ± 10.4 years), chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) (n = 32, mean age 39.5 ± 10.6 years), and healthy volunteers (n = 50, mean age 36.56 ± 4.2 years) were enrolled in the study. Duodenal fluid was taken endoscopically in 32 prospective patients with NAFLD for evaluation of SIBO. Hepatic mRNA expression of TLR4, CD14, TLR2, NF‐κβ, and MD2 and protein expression of TLR4 and TLR2 were studied in 64 patients (NAFLD = 32, CVH = 32) by RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Serum levels of TNF‐α, adiponectin, insulin, and endotoxins were also evaluated.Results:Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth was present in 12 (37.5%) out of 32 patients with NAFLD with Escherichia coli as the predominant bacterium. In comparison with those without SIBO, patients with SIBO had significantly higher endotoxin levels and higher CD14 mRNA, nuclear factor kappa beta mRNA, and TLR4 protein expression. Patients with NASH had significantly higher endotoxin levels and higher intensity of TLR4 protein expression in comparison with patients without NASH. Serum levels of TNF‐α, endotoxins, and insulin were significantly higher and of adiponectin lower in NAFLD in comparison with CVH and healthy volunteers.Conclusions:Our study provides the first direct evidence of role of SIBO and endotoxemia and its relation with TLR signaling genes and liver histology in patients with NAFLD.
Fecal calprotectin is a clinically relevant biomarker of mucosal healing in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis
Authors: Yamaguchi Sayaka , Takeuchi Yoshiaki , Arai Katsuhito , Fukuda Katsuyuki , Kuroki Yuichiro , Asonuma Kunio , Takahashi Hiroshi , Saruta Masayuki , Yoshida Hitoshi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackground and Aim:Calprotectin is an abundant protein in neutrophils, which infiltrate the mucosa during inflammation. Fecal calprotectin (FC) level has shown correlation with disease activity in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. Additionally, FC level is expected to indicate mucosal healing (MH). This study was to see the significance of FC for predicting MH in patients with quiescent UC.Methods:A total of 112 patients with quiescent UC were included. After taking blood and stool samples, patients underwent total colonoscopy, and the Mayo endoscopic subscore was recorded. FC was measured by fluorescence enzyme immunoassay. C‐reactive protein, hemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and serum albumin were measured as conventional biomarkers. MH was defined as Mayo 0 or 0 and 1, and receiver–operator characteristic analyses were undertaken to determine the significance levels of measurements.Results:Data from 105 patients were available. Eleven patients showed Mayo ≥ 2. The median (interquartile range) of FC level of all patients was 115 µg/g (45.4–420). The area under the curve (AUC) in receiver operator characteristic analysis of FC to predict Mayo 0 and 1 was 0.869 with a cut‐off value of 200 µg/g yielding 67% sensitivity and 91% specificity, which were the best among all biomarkers. However, the power of FC to predict Mayo 0 was modest; the AUC was 0.639 and cut‐off value 194 µg/g with 71% sensitivity and 58% specificity.Conclusions:Based on the findings of this study, we believe that FC is a clinically relevant biomarker of MH in patients with quiescent UC. Other favorable features of FC test include feasibility and non‐invasiveness.
Handgrip strength as a predictor of bone mineral density in outpatients with cirrhosis
Authors: Santos Lívia Alves Amaral , Lima Talles Bazeia , Augusti Laís , Franzoni Letícia de Campos , Yamashiro Fabio da Silva , Bolfi Fernanda , Nunes Vânia dos Santos , Dorna Mariana de Souza , de Oliveira Cássio Vieira , Caramori Carlos Antonio , Silva Giovanni Faria , Romeiro Fernando Gomes 
Published: July 2015

AbstractBackground and Aim:Osteoporosis is well recognized as a cirrhosis complication; however, most studies assessing this condition included only patients on liver transplantation lists with an elevated rate of bone diseases. While general population studies show that handgrip strength is clearly associated with bone mineral density, until now this tool has not been applied to patients with cirrhosis in relation to their bone condition. This study aimed to evaluate whether handgrip strength, bone, and liver tests may be useful as predictors of bone disease in outpatients with cirrhosis.Methods:One hundred twenty‐nine subjects were included (77 men and 52 women). Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry was applied to evaluate lumbar‐spine and femoral‐neck T scores. Osteoporosis/osteopenia rates were 26.3%/35.6% in the lumbar spine and 6.9%/41.8% in the femoral neck, respectively. Model selections were based on backward procedures to find the best predictors of low T scores.Results:For lumbar spine, only low handgrip strength and high parathyroid hormone levels were clearly related to low T scores. For femoral neck, only age was associated with low T scores.Conclusions:Handgrip strength may serve as an effective predictor of low lumbar spine T score among outpatients with cirrhosis. As cirrhosis affects the lumbar spine more than the femoral neck, these results suggest that handgrip strength should be tested in all patients with cirrhosis as a first indicator of bone health. © 2015 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd