bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurturing students to be caring service leaders
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Li Xiang 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCaring behavior is very important for an effective service leader. To help students recognize the importance of caring behavior and become caring service leaders, one lecture on caring behavior was designed for the subject “Service Leadership” at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. This article consists of two parts. The first part is on the concepts and theories of the topic, and the second part is on the detailed content of this lecture. In the first part, three primary elements of care (i.e. love, listening, and empathy) and the relevant skills of improving caring behavior in practice are firstly discussed. Next, the relationships between caring behavior of service leaders and positive outcomes of care for different stakeholders including leaders, followers, and organizations are examined. Finally, discussion and reflection on caring service leaders are summarized. In the second part, the corresponding lecture contents are presented, including two activities which are designed to facilitate students’ active learning and deep understanding concerning caring behavior.
On Generating Integrable Dynamical Systems in 1+1 and 2+1 Dimensions by Using Semisimple Lie Algebras
Authors: Zhang Yufeng , Tam Honwah , Wu Lixin 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
We deduce a set of integrable equations under the framework of zero curvature equations and obtain two sets of integrable soliton equations, which can be reduced to some new integrable equations including the generalised nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. Under the case where the isospectral functions are one-order polynomials in the parameter λ, we generate a set of rational integrable equations, which are reduced to the loop soliton equation. Under the case where the derivative λ

t
of the spectral parameter λ is a quadratic algebraic curve in λ, we derive a set of variable-coefficient integrable equations. In addition, we discretise a pair of isospectral problems introduced through the Lie algebra given by us for which a set of new semi-discrete nonlinear equations are available; furthermore, the semi-discrete MKdV equation and the Hirota lattice equation are followed to produce, respectively. Finally, we apply the Lie algebra to introduce a set of operator Lax pairs with an operator, and then through the Tu scheme and the binomial-residue representation method proposed by us, we generate a 2+1-dimensional integrable hierarchy of evolution equations, which reduces to a generalised 2+1-dimensional Davey-Stewartson (DS) equation.
Cardiovascular Responses to Unilateral, Bilateral, and Alternating Limb Resistance Exercise Performed Using Different Body Segments
Authors: Moreira Osvaldo C. , Faraci Lucas L. , de Matos Dihogo G. , Mazini Filho Mauro L. , da Silva Sandro F. , Aidar Felipe José , Hickner Robert C. , de Oliveira Cláudia E.P. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Moreira, OC, Faraci, LL, de Matos, DG, Mazini Filho, ML, da Silva, SF, Aidar, FJ, Hickner, RC, and de Oliveira, CEP. Cardiovascular responses to unilateral, bilateral and alternating limb resistance exercise performed using different body segments. J Strength Cond Res 31(3): 644–652, 2017—The aim of this study was to verify and compare the cardiovascular responses to unilateral, bilateral, and alternating limb resistance exercise (RE) performed using different body segments. Fifteen men experienced in RE were studied during biceps curls, barbell rows, and knee extension exercises when performed bilaterally, unilaterally, and using alternating limbs. The protocol consisted of 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 80% of 10 repetition maximum with 2-minute rest between sets. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured after the last repetition. There was a statistically significant increase in HR, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and rate pressure product (RPP), from rest to postexercise. The RPP was higher in the third set of all exercises and in all 3 forms of execution, when compared with the first set. Bilateral biceps curls caused a greater increase in RPP (first and second sets) and HR, compared with the same exercise performed unilaterally. Furthermore, the performance of bilateral biceps curls induced greater HR and RPP, in all sets, compared with bilateral knee extension and barbell rows. There was also a significantly higher SBP for the alternating second and third sets and also for the bilateral third set of the knee extensions as compared with the barbell rows. It was concluded from the data of this study that the cardiovascular response was increased from rest to postexercise in all forms of exercise, especially immediately after the third set of RE. For exercises performed bilaterally with the upper body (biceps curls), there was a greater cardiovascular response when compared with the same exercise performed unilaterally or with lower-body exercise performed bilaterally.
Banana Moko disease management with resistance inducers and chlorine dioxide
Authors: Ramírez G. Joaquín Guillermo , Muñoz A. Melissa , Patiño H. Luis Fernando , Morales O. Juan Gonzalo 
Published: September 2015

The plant disease Moko, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is the most important bacterial disease in banana and plantain crops worldwide. In the present study, chlorine dioxide and seven resistance inducers in banana plants (Musa sp.) infected with this bacterium were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. For the evaluation of chlorine dioxide, three doses were used (10, 30 and 50 mg L-1). The evaluation of the resistance inducers included the following: sodium salicylate 0.4 g L-1; hydrogen peroxide 1 mM; potassium phosphite 1.5 mL L-1; 3-aminobutanoic acid 1.0 g L-1; methyl jasmonate 0.2 g L-1; acibenzolar-s-methyl 0.3 mL L-1 and chitosan 3.0 mg mL-1. The results showed a significant reduction of 74% in the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) value, which was calculated for the disease development when the injected chlorine dioxide dose was 50 mg L-1. The AUDPC value for the resistance inducers was reduced by 45.4% for chitosan, 75.5% for methyl jasmonate and 65.5% for 3-aminobutanoic acid. Therefore, the results indicated that these molecules have the potential to be used for control of the Moko disease.
Assessment of yield stability in sugarcane genotypes using non-parametric methods
Authors: Rea Ramón , De Sousa-Vieira Orlando , Díaz Alida , Ramón Miguel , Briceño Rosaura , George José , Demey Jhonny 
Published: September 2015

The evaluation of performance stability and high yields is essential for yield trials in different environments. This study was carried out to identifysugarcane genotypesthat have both a high mean cane yield, mesured in tons of cane per hectare (TCH), and stability across seven different environments, using 11 non-parametric statistical methods: Si(1), Si(2), Si(3), Si(6), NPI(1), NPI(2), NPI(3), NPI(4), RS, TOP and DE. The data came from acane yield of 20 genotypes, as measured at seven locations over three crop-years in the sugarcane regional trials of the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas (INIA) of Venezuela. The genotypes V99-213, V99-236 and V00-50 showed promising yields and stability according to all of the non-parametric statistics. The TCH presented a positive association with the TOP, NPI(2), NPI(3) and Si(6) statistics. The analysis distinguished two groups of statistics using a principal component analysis (PCA). The first group (G1) was composed of the TOP, NPI(4), NPI(2), NPI(3), Si(3) and Si(6) statistics, which were located under the concept of dynamic or agronomic stability because they are associated with yield. The other group (G2) was composed of the NPI(1), Si(1), Si(2), DE and RS statistics, which fell within the static or biological stability concept.
Da Guiné-Bissau à Colômbia. Benkos Biohó, resistência e (é) palenque. Um caso da diáspora africana
Authors: Arenas Valencia Henry 
Published: September 2015

In this article I mention the case of Benkos Biohó as a symbolic figure of the african, afrodescendant and afrocolombian resistance, conducted by the "palenques" (known as "quilombos" in Brazil), manifestations of resistance that started in Africa and were reproduced later in America during human traffic, colonization and enslavement. Today, this strategies are reinvented and reformulated by the afrodescendants, women and men, that live in this territories. Regarding the ways and methods, these were always diverse, from the armed fight to the freedom demands in courts. But they always looked for advances, improvements and progress in an opressor colonial system.
Meeting the Needs of Persons With Acquired Brain Injury in the Republic of Ireland: A Contextual Review
Authors: Degeneffe Charles Edmund , Fullerton Nicole 
Published: September 2015

Purpose:This article examines how the Republic of Ireland conceptualizes disability, specifically acquired brain injury (ABI); how it meets the needs of people with ABI; and its similarities and difference with the U.S. system of ABI professional care, policy, and services. The article provides ideas for improvements and innovations toward ABI care in both countries.Method:Through a comprehensive literature review, the authors offer an illustrative case study comparison of Ireland’s similarities and uniqueness to the United States in their approach toward meeting the needs of persons with ABI.Results:Ireland is a country that is both similar and distinct to the United States in terms of its culture, economy, attitudes toward people with disabilities, and social welfare system. Areas in which both Ireland and the United States could benefit in influencing each other include policy development, service delivery, research, student and faculty exchanges, and collaboration with international organizations.Conclusion:Both Ireland and the United States have the potential to assist each other in improving their systems of care and the hope is to foster an interest in collaboration between the two countries so advancements in services may occur for those with ABI.
“Nudges” to Prevent Behavioral Risk Factors Associated With Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Woodend Ashleigh , Schölmerich Vera , Denktaş Semiha 
Published: September 2015

Major depressive disorder—colloquially called “depression”—is a primary global cause of disability. Current preventive interventions, such as problem-solving therapy, are effective but also expensive. “Nudges” are easy and cheap interventions for altering behavior. We have explored how nudging can reduce three behavioral risk factors of depression: low levels of physical activity, inappropriate coping mechanisms, and inadequate maintenance of social ties. These nudges use cognitive biases associated with these behavioral risks, such as valuing the present more than the future, following the herd or the norm, making different choices in light of equivalent conditions, and deciding on the basis of salience or attachment to status quo.
Comparison of the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale, Mini-BESTest, and Berg Balance Scale to Predict Falls in Parkinson Disease
Authors: Schlenstedt Christian , Brombacher Stephanie , Hartwigsen Gesa , Weisser Burkhard , Möller Bettina , Deuschl Günther 
Published: September 2015

Background
The correct identification of patients with Parkinson disease (PD) at risk for falling is important to initiate appropriate treatment early.

Objective
This study compared the Fullerton Advanced Balance (FAB) scale with the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) to identify individuals with PD at risk for falls and to analyze which of the items of the scales best predict future falls.

Design
This was a prospective study to assess predictive criterion-related validity.

Setting
The study was conducted at a university hospital in an urban community.

Patients
Eighty-five patients with idiopathic PD (Hoehn and Yahr stages: 1–4) participated in the study.

Measurements
Measures were number of falls (assessed prospectively over 6 months), FAB scale, Mini-BESTest, BBS, and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale.

Results
The FAB scale, Mini-BESTest, and BBS showed similar accuracy to predict future falls, with values for area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.68, 0.65, and 0.69, respectively. A model combining the items “tandem stance,” “rise to toes,” “one-leg stance,” “compensatory stepping backward,” “turning,” and “placing alternate foot on stool” had an AUC of 0.84 of the ROC curve.

Limitations
There was a dropout rate of 19/85 participants.

Conclusions
The FAB scale, Mini-BESTest, and BBS provide moderate capacity to predict “fallers” (people with one or more falls) from “nonfallers.” Only some items of the 3 scales contribute to the detection of future falls. Clinicians should particularly focus on the item “tandem stance” along with the items “one-leg stance,” “rise to toes,” “compensatory stepping backward,” “turning 360°,” and “placing foot on stool” when analyzing postural control deficits related to fall risk. Future research should analyze whether balance training including the aforementioned items is effective in reducing fall risk.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress implicated in chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Authors: Lucke-Wold Brandon P. , Turner Ryan C. , Logsdon Aric F. , Nguyen Linda , Bailes Julian E. , Lee John M. , Robson Matthew J. , Omalu Bennet I. , Huber Jason D. , Rosen Charles L. 
Published: September 2015

OBJECT
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by neurofibrillary tau tangles following repetitive neurotrauma. The underlying mechanism linking traumatic brain injury to chronic traumatic encephalopathy has not been elucidated. The authors investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress as a link between acute neurotrauma and chronic neurodegeneration.

METHODS
The authors used pharmacological, biochemical, and behavioral tools to assess the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in linking acute repetitive traumatic brain injury to the development of chronic neurodegeneration. Data from the authors’ clinically relevant and validated rodent blast model were compared with those obtained from postmortem human chronic traumatic encephalopathy specimens from a National Football League player and World Wrestling Entertainment wrestler.

RESULTS
The results demonstrated strong correlation of endoplasmic reticulum stress activation with subsequent tau hyperphosphorylation. Various endoplasmic reticulum stress markers were increased in human chronic traumatic encephalopathy specimens, and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response was associated with an increase in the tau kinase, glycogen synthase kinase–3β. Docosahexaenoic acid, an endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor, improved cognitive performance in the rat model 3 weeks after repetitive blast exposure. The data showed that docosahexaenoic acid administration substantially reduced tau hyperphosphorylation (t = 4.111, p < 0.05), improved cognition (t = 6.532, p < 0.001), and inhibited C/EBP homology protein activation (t = 5.631, p < 0.01). Additionally the data showed, for the first time, that endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in the pathophysiology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy.

CONCLUSIONS
Docosahexaenoic acid therefore warrants further investigation as a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention of chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
Exploring the meaning and origin of stereotypes amongst South African employees
Authors: Brink Lizelle , Nel Jan Alewyn 
Published: September 2015

Orientation: Stereotypes are defined in different ways and also originate from various sources. Research purpose: To investigate how the employees from selected South African organisations understand and define the concept ‘stereotype’ and what the origins of stereotypes are.Motivation for the study: Individuals hold different perceptions of the same concept. Therefore, different individuals within selected South African organisations may interpret the meaning and origin of stereotypes very differently. This study therefore aimed to discover whether individuals have a shared understanding of the concept of stereotypes and whether they are aware of where stereotypes originate from. Research approach, design and method: A combination of both purposive and convenience sampling was used for the purpose of this study. The sample consisted of individuals working in selected South African organisations (N = 336). Various employment sectors formed part of this study. Semi-structured interviews were utilised to collect data and data analysis was done by making use of thematic analysis. Main findings: The results of this study indicated that people employed in selected South African organisations are familiar with stereotypes and have a clear understanding thereof. Participants in this study have a conscious awareness of the origin of stereotypes. Although not all of the participants had direct experiences with stereotyped groups, they were well aware that stereotypes are also caused by indirect sources. Practical implications/managerial implications: When individuals are aware of where their stereotypes originate, they should actively attempt not to rely on their stereotypes when coming into contact with stereotyped groups. Organisations should educate their employees on the process of stereotypes and exactly what this means and where they originate from. Contribution/value-add: With this study the emic perspective pertaining to the meaning and origin of stereotypes is explored within the South African context. By participating in this study, individuals may become aware of the fact that their perceptions and opinions of others may be based on inaccurate information. This study may encourage individuals to truly get to know someone first rather than relying on their possibly inaccurate stereotypes.
The 50 Most Cited Papers in Craniofacial Anomalies and Craniofacial Surgery
Authors: Mahon Nicola A , Joyce Cormac W , Thomas Sangeetha , Concannon Elizabeth , Murray Dylan 
Published: September 2015

Background Citation analysis is a recognized scientometric method of classifying cited articles according to the frequency of which they have been referenced. The total number of citations an article receives is considered to reflect it's significance among it's peers.
Methods Until now, a bibliometric analysis has never been performed in the specialty of craniofacial anomalies and craniofacial surgery. This citation analysis generates an extensive list of the 50 most influential papers in this developing field. Journals specializing in craniofacial surgery, maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, neurosurgery, genetics and pediatrics were searched to demonstrate which articles have cultivated the specialty within the past 55 years.
Results The results show an intriguing compilation of papers which outline the fundamental knowledge of craniofacial anomalies and the developments of surgical techniques to manage these patients.
Conclusions This citation analysis provides a summation of the current most popular trends in craniofacial literature. These esteemed papers aid to direct our decision making today within this specialty.
Comparison of Clinical and Functional Outcomes Using Pectoralis Major and Cutaneous Free Flaps for Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lee Taeyul , Chung Chulhoon , Chang Yongjoon , Kim Jaehyun 
Published: September 2015

Background The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative morbidities and functional outcomes of pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap and cutaneous free flap reconstruction approaches in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed records from 99 patients who underwent hypopharyngeal reconstruction with a cutaneous free flap (n=85) or PMMC flap (n=14) between 1995 and 2013. Morbidity was classified into hospitalization, medical, or flap-related complications. Functional outcomes were classified into oral re-alimentation and decannulation time.
Results The overall flap-related complication rate was higher in the PMMC flap group (n=8, 57.1%; P=0.019), but the medical morbidity rate was higher in the cutaneous free flap group (n=68, 80%; P=0.006). The rate of pneumonia was higher in the cutaneous free flap group (n=48, 56.5%; P=0.020). Pulmonary premorbidity was the variable most significantly associated with pneumonia (odds ratio=3.012, P=0.012). There was no statistically significant difference in oral re-alimentation and decannulation time between the two groups.
Conclusions Although the functional superiority of free flaps has been reported in many studies, our results do not support this hypothesis. One limitation of our study is the relatively smaller flap size and fewer PMMC flap cases compared with the cutaneous free flap group. The low postoperative medical morbidity incidence rate in the PMMC flap group was clinically significant; however, the free flap group had more flap-related complications. Thus, PMMC flaps should be considered a viable option, especially for patients with pulmonary premorbidities.
A generalized complementary principle with physical constraints for land‐surface evaporation
Authors: Brutsaert Wilfried 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe idea of complementary evaporative fluxes, first advanced by Bouchet (1963), is reformulated as a general polynomial, satisfying boundary conditions based on strictly physical considerations. Experimental evidence supports the validity of the imposed constraints. Earlier complementary relationships are shown to be special cases which satisfy only one of the necessary conditions. The new formulation provides a more rigorous base for the complementary principle.
One‐Step Borylation of 1,3‐Diaryloxybenzenes Towards Efficient Materials for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Hirai Hiroki , Nakajima Kiichi , Nakatsuka Soichiro , Shiren Kazushi , Ni Jingping , Nomura Shintaro , Ikuta Toshiaki , Hatakeyama Takuji 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe development of a one‐step borylation of 1,3‐diaryloxybenzenes, yielding novel boron‐containing polycyclic aromatic compounds, is reported. The resulting boron‐containing compounds possess high singlet‐triplet excitation energies as a result of localized frontier molecular orbitals induced by boron and oxygen. Using these compounds as a host material, we successfully prepared phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes exhibiting high efficiency and adequate lifetimes. Moreover, using the present one‐step borylation, we succeeded in the synthesis of an efficient, thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter and boron‐fused benzo[6]helicene.
CRISPR‐Cas: From the Bacterial Adaptive Immune System to a Versatile Tool for Genome Engineering
Authors: Kirchner Marion , Schneider Sabine 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe field of biology has been revolutionized by the recent advancement of an adaptive bacterial immune system as a universal genome engineering tool. Bacteria and archaea use repetitive genomic elements termed clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) in combination with an RNA‐guided nuclease (CRISPR‐associated nuclease: Cas) to target and destroy invading DNA. By choosing the appropriate sequence of the guide RNA, this two‐component system can be used to efficiently modify, target, and edit genomic loci of interest in plants, insects, fungi, mammalian cells, and whole organisms. This has opened up new frontiers in genome engineering, including the potential to treat or cure human genetic disorders. Now the potential risks as well as the ethical, social, and legal implications of this powerful new technique move into the limelight.