bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determining the maximum of solar cycle 25 with a memory modulated white noise
Authors: Toledo Reynan L , Bernido Christopher C , Reyes Reinabelle C 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The exact determination of the solar maximum of a solar cycle before it occurs remains an open problem in solar physics. Using a memory modulated white noise framework, a procedure is presented to determine the still unknown solar maximum of solar cycle 25. We investigate the first thirty months of each of the past 24 solar cycles from 1755 to 2019 using a second order structure function derived from white noise analysis. Specifically, the mean square deviation (MSD) of the fluctuating monthly sunspot numbers for the first 30 months of a solar cycle is matched with the theoretical MSD to obtain a value for the memory parameter

μ
.

By similarly determining the value of

μ

for the first 30 months of solar cycle 25, a forecast is made for its solar maximum.
Enhancement in power factor through rare-earth samarium doping in Cu2SnSe3 system
Authors: Gurung Twinkle , Jagan Rohith , Shanubhogue U Deepika , Poojitha G , P Poornesh , Rao Ashok 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Cu2SnSe3 has drawn enough attention as a potential thermoelectric material due to its unique electronic and thermal properties. We present the impact of Sm doping on the Cu2SnSe3 system’s Sn site. The polycrystalline samples of Cu2Sn1-x
Sm
x
Se3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.08) were prepared using the solid-state reaction technique followed by conventional sintering. The crystal structure was characterized using XRD and the results reveal that the samples have a diamond cubic structure with a space group of F4̄3m. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis indicates a uniform surface homogeneity within the sample. Furthermore, the introduction of Sm causes a reduction in porosity. The electrical transport characteristics were studied in the mid temperature range of 300–650 K. The Seebeck coefficient of all the samples were found to be positive within the temperature range under study, suggesting that holes constitute the majority charge carriers. This is also confirmed by the Hall measurements as the carrier concentration was positive for all the samples. The inclusion of Sm has led to a reduction of electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient and hence power factor of ~539 μW mK−2 for x = 0.08 at 630 K which is ten times greater as compared to x = 0 whose power factor is ~56 μW mK−2 at 630 K is achieved which makes it suitable for thermoelectric applications.
Design analysis of 4H-SiC MOSFET for high power application
Authors: Patel Raju , Adhikari Manoj Singh , Sindhwani Manoj , Verma Yogesh Kumar , Mahapatro Soumya Ranjan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Silicon Carbide has emerged as a promising candidate due to its superior material properties such as high breakdown voltage, wide bandgap, and high thermal conductivity. A new dual channel trench-based high power MOSFET (DTMOS) on 4H-SiC is presented. The DTMOS device features two trenches, each containing a poly-Si gate positioned on opposite sides of the P-base region. This configuration results in two parallel channels within the device. The unique design of the DTMOS leverages the RESURF effect and parallel conduction of the drive current, leading to notable performance improvements. The AC and DC characteristics of the DTMOS are analyzed and compared with PRMOS using 2D simulations. The results demonstrate the superior performance of the DTMOS compared to the PRMOS. Specifically, the DTMOS exhibits 2.35 times higher drive current, an 88% enhancement in gain, 52% higher breakdown voltage, an 11% reduction in threshold potential, a 43% decrease in on-resistance, and 5.55 times higher FOM compared to the PRMOS.
Nonlinear modulation of dispersive fast magnetosonic waves in an inhomogeneous rotating solar low-β magnetoplasma
Authors: Turi Jyoti , Misra A P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study the modulation of fast magnetosonic waves (MSWs) in rotating inhomogeneous low-β magnetoplasmas with the effects of gravitation and the Coriolis force. By employing the standard multiple-scale reductive perturbation technique (RPT), we derive a nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation that governs the evolution of slowly varying MSW envelopes. The fast MSW becomes dispersive by the effects of the Coriolis force in the fluid motion, and the magnetic field and density inhomogeneity effects favor the Jeans instability in self-gravitating plasmas in a larger domain of the wave number (k, below the Jeans critical wave number, k

J
) than homogeneous plasmas. The relative influence of the Jeans frequency (ω

J
, associated with the gravitational force) and the angular frequency (Ω0, relating to the Coriolis force) on the Jeans carrier MSW mode and the modulational instability (MI) of the MSW envelope is studied. We show that the MSW envelope (corresponding to the unstable carrier Jeans mode with ω

J
> 2Ω0 and k < k

J
) is always unstable against the plane wave perturbation with no cut-offs for growth rates. In contrast, the stable Jeans mode with ω

J
> 2Ω0 but k > k

J
manifests either modulational stability or MI having a finite growth rate before being cut off. We find an enhancement of the MI growth rate by the influence of magnetic field or density inhomogeneity. The case with constant gravity force (other than the self-gravity) perpendicular to the magnetic field is also briefly discussed to show that the fast magnetosonic carrier mode is always unstable, giving MI of slowly varying envelopes with no cut-offs for the growth rates. Possible applications of MI in solar plasmas, such as those in the x-ray corona, are also briefly discussed.
Metric-Affine F(T,Q) gravity: cosmological implications and constraints
Authors: Maurya Dinesh Chandra , Yesmakhanova K , Myrzakulov R , Nugmanova G 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate some exact cosmological models in Metric-Affine F(T, Q) gravity, with observational constraints. The Metric-Affine F(T, Q) gravity is some kind of unification of two known gravity theories, namely, the F(T) gravity and the F(Q) gravity. We obtain the field equations of the Metric-Affine theory by considering the metric tensor and the general affine connection as independent variables. We then focus on the particular case in which the F(T, Q) function characterizing the aforementioned metric-affine models is linear, that is, F(T, Q) = λ
T + μ
Q. We investigate this linear case and consider a Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker background to study cosmological aspects and applications. We have obtained three exact solutions of the modified field equations in two different cases, T and Q, using the Hubble function H(t) and the scale factor a(t). We then placed observational constraints on these solutions using the Hubble H(z) datasets and the MCMC analysis. We have investigated the deceleration parameter q(z) and effective EoS parameters, and a comparative study of all three models with ΛCDM model has been carried out.
Performance evaluation of inorganic Cs3Bi2I9-based perovskite solar cells with BaSnO3 charge transport layer
Authors: Alghafis Abdullah , Sobayel K 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This research embedded with a novel idea of integration of perovskite material as charge transport layer corresponding to the perovskite absorber layer. The study explores the effectiveness of BaSnO3 perovskite material as an electron transport layer (ETL) in Cs3Bi2I9-based perovskite solar cells, using SCAPS-1D simulations. The research meticulously examines how structural and optical variations in each layer affect the device’s performance indicators, finding the thickness of the Cs3Bi2I9 layer and its defect concentration pivotal for optimal functionality. The highest photovoltaic efficiency, 20.62%, was achieved with an absorber layer thickness of 0.8 micrometers and acceptor and donor concentrations between 1E17 /cm3 and 1E18 /cm3, respectively. The absorber’s bulk defect density optimally ranged from 1E14 /cm3 to 1E15 /cm3. Interface defects between BaSnO3 and Cs3Bi2I9 layers significantly influenced performance, more so than those at the HTL (Cu2O) interface. The study also assesses thermal effects and series and shunt resistances, aiming to mitigate potential induced degradation (PID), a key concern for solar cell longevity and reliability. Nickel (Ni) was chosen as the back contact metal, balancing cost and efficiency. This research intends to clarify PID conditions to enhance the durability and consistent performance of photovoltaic systems.
Synthesis of alginate capped aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanocomposite for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Hasan Imran , Alharthi Fahad A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the presence scenario, dye pollution has become a serious issue in present environment protection which need extensive attention of the scientific community. Methylene blue (MB) has been known for its toxic nature and widely used in various industries. In the present work, we reported the green synthesis of alginate capped alumina (Al2O3) nanocomposite (NC). The synthesized Alg@Al2O3 NC have been verified by various sophisticated characterization techniques (XRD, SEM, EDX, UV–vis TEM, FTIR, and XPS). The synthesized Alg@Al2O3 NC have been used as photocatalyst for the degradation of MB dye. Furthermore, photocatalytic activity of the Alg@Al2O3 NC has been studied under ultraviolet (UV) light. The obtained results exhibited excellent photocatalytic properties of the Alg@Al2O3 NC. The effect of photocatalyst doses (0.1–5 g l−1), pH−1 (1–10), MB dye concentration (50–120 ppm), and irradiation time (5–135 min) of UV light were also optimized. The highest efficiency of 99.2% has been observed for MB degradation via Alg@Al2O3 NC. The investigations of kinetics demonstrated that the photocatalytic degradation proceeded along a pseudo-first-order pathway in accordance with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L-H) kinetic model. The Alg@Al2O3 NC also exhibited excellent reusability for 4 cycles and suggested that Alg@Al2O3 NC can be used for various cycles. In this study, we proposed the cost-effective green synthetic method for the preparation of Alg@Al2O3 NC and its application as photocatalyst for the removal of MB dye under UV light.
Accelerating piston under isothermal condition
Authors: Kanchanapusakit Wittaya , Tanalikhit Pattarapon 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article explores the motion of a frictionless piston within a cylindrical container that contains an ideal gas maintained under an isothermal condition. During expansion and compression, the gas exerts a force that accelerates the piston. This movement alters the gas pressure near the piston, referred to as dynamic pressure, which deviates from the equilibrium pressure. By investigating the linear and oscillatory motions of the piston, the effect of the dynamic pressure is shown to be dependent on the mass ratio of the gas to the piston. Moreover, work done by the gas is analysed, showing how the kinetic energy of the piston varies. The material covered in this article is appropriate for undergraduate mechanics and thermodynamics, offering insights into the concept of thermodynamic work.
Computational prediction of novel two-dimensional selenium allotropes
Authors: Zhao Chunxiang , Wang Jiaqi , Wang Aihua , Li Chong , Niu Chunyao , Jia Yu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted much attention due to their potential applications in the next-generation electronic and optoelectronic fields. By integrating the particle swarm optimization method and first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT), we predicted 8 novel 2D Se allotropes. Their dynamic and thermal stabilities have been verified by phonon spectrum calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations (AIMD), respectively. Our calculation results show that these new 2D Se allotropes exhibit rich electronic properties, including metallic, semiconducting, and topological insulator properties, and several of them have high carrier mobility. Besides, the effect of strain on electronic properties of some semiconducting selenene phases has also been systematically studied. The optical calculations show that these new 2D Se phases with semiconducting properties have strong optical absorption in the visible light region. These results enlarge the family of selenene and will stimulate more researchers to take efforts on the field of group-VI 2D materials.
DFT-based simulation for the semiconductor behavior of XGeCl3 (X=K, Rb) halide perovskites under hydrostatic pressure
Authors: Özcan Merve , Havare A Kemal , Dervişoğlu İlayda , Yegingil Zehra 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, the structural and electronic properties of XGeCl3 (X=K, Rb) crystallized in cubic cell (Pm-3m, 221) were presented under hydrostatic pressure from 0 to 8 GPa using the first-principal Density Functional Theory (DFT) under the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) form of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The Projector Augmented Wave (PAW) method describing electron–ion interaction was used here. For XGeCl3 (X=K, Rb), the lattice constants were calculated as 5.171 and 5.197 Å, and the band gaps were predicted as 0.5802 and 0.657 eV, respectively at ambient pressure. It was observed that the lattice parameters and bond lengths of the XGeCl3 (X=K, Rb) compounds decreased with increased pressure. The applied hydrostatic pressure reduced the band gaps, and the metallic character was detected at 5 GPa for both structures. This study provides a theoretical basis that may have potential uses in optoelectronic applications of the XGeCl3 (X=K, Rb) perovskites.
Necessity of orthogonal basis vectors for the two-anyon problem in a one-dimensional lattice*
Authors: Zheng Cuicui , Xie Jiahui , Zhang Ming , Chen Yajiang , Zhang Yunbo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Few-body physics for anyons has been intensively studied within the anyon-Hubbard model, including the quantum walk and Bloch oscillations of two-anyon states. Recently, theoretical and experimental simulations of two-anyon states in a one-dimensional lattice have been carried out by expanding the wavefunction in terms of non-orthogonal basis vectors, resulting in non-physical degrees of freedom. In the present work, we deduce finite difference equations for the two-anyon state in a one-dimensional lattice by solving the Schrödinger equation with orthogonal and complete basis vectors. Such an orthogonal scheme gives all the orthogonal physical eigenstates, while the conventional (non-orthogonal) method produces many non-physical redundant eigensolutions whose components violate the anyonic commutation relations. The dynamical property of the two-anyon states in a sufficiently large lattice is investigated and compared in both the orthogonal and conventional schemes. For initial states with two anyons at the same site or two (next-)neighboring sites, we observe the same dynamical behavior in both schemes, including the revival probability, probability density function and two-body correlation. For other initial states, the conventional scheme produces erroneous states that no longer obey the anyonic relations. The period of Bloch oscillations in the pseudo-fermionic limit has been found to be twice that in the bosonic limit, while these oscillations disappear at other statistical parameters. Our findings are vital for quantum simulations of few-body anyonic physics in lattice models.
Sustainable negative emissions in Europe: evaluating scenarios to meet carbon neutrality by 2050
Authors: Markkanen Johanna , Koponen Kati , Lehtilä Antti 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Using the Pan-European TIMES-VTT model, we studied pathways for carbon neutrality by 2050 for 31 European countries by modelling a large portfolio of various terrestrial and technological carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategies. Negative emission technologies and practices (NETPs) such as af-/reforestation, soil carbon sequestration, bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, direct air capture and storage, biochar, and enhanced weathering were considered. Three different storylines were created to describe the role of NETPs in varying future developments. The scenario storylines illustrate potential opportunities and constraints for large scale NETP implementation focusing on (1) optimistic technology development, (2) strict protection of planetary boundaries, and (3) increased self-sufficiency due to geopolitical risks associated with policy fragmentation. The results show that the demand for NETPs could be on a gigaton scale to reach carbon neutrality in Europe by 2050. As different countries have different opportunities to implement NETPs, none of the NETP options should be excluded from mitigation portfolios at this stage. The results also indicate the potential of NETPs in providing cost-effective solutions for achieving climate targets. On the other hand, stricter greenhouse gas emission reduction policies are needed to avoid over-reliance on CDR.
Improving the lubricating performance of poly-alpha-olefin base oil using SnO2 nanosized-additives
Authors: Zhu Zhibo , Wang Bingxu , Yang Jinlin , Zhang Zhaoxia , Barber Gary 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The majority of previous studies have been focused on the thermal properties of SnO2 nanofluids. In order to understand the lubricating performance of SnO2 nanoparticles as additives, the current study investigates the effects of the addition of SnO2 nanoparticles on the tribological properties of poly-alpha-olefin 6 base oil. The dual-step method is utilized to disperse the SnO2 nanoparticles in base oil with oleic acid as surfactant. The shape and size of SnO2 nanoparticles are confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, and the dispersion stability of SnO2 nanoparticles is examined by dynamic light scattering tests. The lubricating properties of SnO2 nanofluids are explored on a universal mechanical tribometer with a ball-on-plate reciprocating sliding configuration. It is found that the SnO2 nanofluids show good stability and dispersibility. The addition of SnO2 nanoparticles decreases the friction and wear for steel-steel tribo-pairs. The positive effects on friction and wear reductions become more significant with increasing concentrations of SnO2 nanoparticles. In this work, nanofluids containing the 5wt% SnO2 nanoparticles and 5wt% oleic acid is considered as the optimum composition, which shows the best lubricating performance with the reductions of 13.8% in coefficient of friction and 41.4% in wear volume loss. After observing the wear tracks by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer and a white-light interferometer, it is shown that the wear mechanisms are dominated by abrasive wear and adhesive wear. The enhancement in tribological properties of base oil is attributed to the formation of SnO2 tribo-film and oleic acid tribo-layer which reduces the shearing resistance, separates the mating areas and withstands the loads. The findings obtained in this study can be used as references in the development of high-performance nanofluids.
Effects of external parameters on plasma characteristics and uniformity in a dual cylindrical inductively coupled plasma
Authors: WANG 王 Pengyu 鹏宇 , XING 邢 Siyu 思雨 , HAN 韩 Daoman 道满 , ZHANG 张 Yuru 钰如 , LI 李 Yong 永 , ZHOU 周 Cheng 成 , GAO 高 Fei 飞 , WANG 王 Younian 友年 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The dual cylindrical inductively coupled plasma source, compared to the conventional structure of inductively coupled plasma source, can significantly improve the uniformity of plasma. It has an enhanced potential for application in processes, such as etching and ashing. A uniform plasma can be obtained by allowing the remote plasma from the upper chamber modulate the main plasma generated in the lower chamber. In this study, a fluid model was employed to investigate a dual cylindrical inductively coupled Ar/O2 discharge. The effects of external parameters on electron density, electron temperature, O atomic density, and plasma uniformity in the main chamber were studied, and the reasons were analyzed. The results of this study show that remote power can control the plasma uniformity and increase the plasma density in the main chamber. As the remote power increased, plasma uniformity improved initially and then deteriorated. The main power affected the plasma density at the edge of the main chamber and can modulate the plasma density in the main chamber. The gas pressure affected both the uniformity and density of the plasma. As the gas pressure increased, the plasma uniformity deteriorated, but the free radical density improved.
Flexible intracortical probes for stable neural recording: from the perspective of structure
Authors: Wang Suhao , Jiang Qianqian , Song Jizhou 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Electrical neural interfaces provide direct communication pathways between living brain tissue and engineered devices to understand brain function. However, conventional neural probes have remained limited in providing stable, long-lasting recordings because of large mechanical and structural mismatches with respect to brain tissue. The development of flexible probes provides a promising approach to tackle these challenges. In this review, various structural designs of flexible intracortical probes for promoting long-term neural integration, including thin film filament and mesh probe structures that provide similar geometric and mechanical properties to brain tissue and self-deployable probe structure that enables moving the functional sensors away from the insertion trauma, are summarized, highlighting the important role of structural design in improving the long-term recording stability of neural probes.
Quantum battery supercharging via counter-diabatic dynamics
Authors: de Moraes L F C , Duriez Alan C , Saguia A , Santos Alan C , Sarandy M S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We introduce a counter-diabatic (CD) approach for deriving Hamiltonians modeling superchargable quantum batteries (QBs). A necessary requirement for the supercharging process is the existence of multipartite interactions among the cells of the battery. Remarkably, this condition may be insufficient no matter the number of multipartite terms in the Hamiltonian. We analytically illustrate this kind of insufficiency through a model of QB based on the adiabatic version for the Grover search problem. On the other hand, we provide QB supercharging with just a mild number of global connections in the system. To this aim, we consider a spin-

1

/

2

chain with n sites in the presence of Ising multipartite interactions. We then show that, by considering the validity of the adiabatic approximation and by adding n terms of

(
n
−
1
)

-site interactions, we can achieve a Hamiltonian exhibiting maximum QB power, with respect to a normalized evolution time, growing quadratically with n. Therefore, supercharging can be achieved by O(n) terms of multipartite connections. The time constraint required by the adiabatic approximation can be surpassed by considering a CD expansion in terms of the gauge potential for the original Hamiltonian, with a limited O(n) many-body interaction terms assured via a Floquet approach for the CD implementation.