bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Test–Retest Reliability and Usefulness of a Foot–Ankle Rebound-Jump Test for Measuring Foot–Ankle Reactive Strength in Athletes
Authors: Tourillon Romain , Fourchet François , Edouard Pascal , Morin Jean-Benoît 
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study investigated the test–retest reliability and usefulness of the foot–ankle rebound-jump test (FARJT) for measuring foot–ankle reactive strength metrics in athletes. Methods: Thirty-six highly trained, healthy athletes (5 female; 21.5 [3.9] y; 1.80 [0.10] m; 72.7 [10.4] kg) performed 8 repeated bilateral vertical foot–ankle rebound jumps on 2 testing days. Testing days were 1 week apart, and these sessions were preceded by a familiarization session. Reactive strength metrics were calculated by dividing jump height (in meters) by contact time (in seconds) for the reactive strength index (RSI) and flight time (in seconds) by contact time (in seconds) for the reactive strength ratio (RSR). The mean of 4 jumps (excluding the first and last 2 jumps) on each testing session were considered for RSI and RSR reliability and usefulness analysis. Results: We found a high reliability of the FARJT for RSI (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] > .90 and coefficient of variation [CV] = 12%) and RSR (ICC ≥ .90 and CV = 8%). Regarding their usefulness, both RSI and RSR were rated as “marginal” in detecting the smallest worthwhile change (typical error > smallest worthwhile change) and “good” in detecting a moderate change in performance. Conclusions: The results showed that a FARJT is a highly reliable test for measuring foot–ankle reactive strength in athletes and useful for quantifying changes, for example, following a training block. However, its usefulness as an accurate daily or weekly monitoring tool in practice is questionable.
Test–Retest Reliability and Visual Perturbation Performance Costs During 2 Reactive Agility Tasks
Authors: Smith Ellen M. , Sherman David A. , Duncan Samantha , Murray Andy , Chaput Meredith , Murray Amanda , Bazett-Jones David M. , Norte Grant E. 
Published: July 2024

Context: High secondary injury rates after orthopedic surgeries have motivated concern toward the construct validity of return-to-sport test batteries, as it is evident that common strength and functional assessments fail to elicit pertinent behaviors like visual search and reactive decision making. This study aimed to establish the test–retest reliability of 2 reactive agility tasks and evaluate the impact of visual perturbation on physical performance. Methods: Fourteen physically active individuals completed 2 agility tasks with reaction time (ie, 4 corner agility), working memory, and pathfinding (ie, color recall) components. Participants completed both tasks 4 times in 2 sessions scheduled 7 days apart. Outcomes included performance metrics of reaction time, time to target, number of targets, and total time assessed with reactive training timing gates. To assess test–retest reliability, we used intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC). Stroboscopic goggles induced visual perturbation during the fourth trial of each task. To assess the effect of visual perturbation, we used paired t tests and calculated performance costs. Results: The 4-corner agility task demonstrated excellent reliability with respect to reaction time (ICC3,1 = .907, SEM = 0.13, MDC = 0.35 s); time to light (ICC3,1 = .935, SEM = 0.07, MDC = 0.18 s); and number of lights (ICC3,1 = .800, SEM = 0.24, MDC = 0.66 lights). The color recall task demonstrated good-to-excellent test–retest reliability for time to lights (ICC3,1 = .818–.953, SEM = 0.07–0.27, MDC = 0.19–0.74 s); test time (ICC3,1 = .969, SEM = 5.43, MDC = 15.04 s); and errors (ICC3,1 = .882, SEM = 0.19, MDC = 0.53 errors). Visual perturbation resulted in increased time to target (P = .022–.011), number of targets (P = .039), and total test time (P = .013) representing moderate magnitude degradation of performance (d = 0.55–0.87, performance costs = 5%–12%). Conclusions: Both tasks demonstrated acceptable test–retest reliability. Performance degraded on both tasks with the presence of visual perturbation. These results suggest standardized reactive agility tasks are reliable and could be developed as components of dynamic RTS testing.
Exploring Recess Policies and Practices in Middle Schools: A School Leadership Perspective
Authors: Olsen Edward B. , Wyant James D. , Tsuda Emi , Kim Kyoung , Weiser Mia , Embry Colin , Di lusto Joseph , Koch John , Omar Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study explored school administrators’ perceptions and experiences in planning and implementing recess policies and practices in New Jersey middle schools. Method: A total of 168 surveys and 19 semistructured interviews were conducted on school administrators. The survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Semistructured interviews were analyzed using a phronetic iterative approach. Results: Phase 1 results showed that the participants supported and could offer recess. Major barriers included time demands and scheduling conflicts. The results of Phase 2 represented four themes: (a) the importance and benefits of middle school recess, (b) recess operation, (c) issues associated with middle school recess, and (d) resources to improve middle school recess. Conclusions: Professional development, stakeholder input, recess committees, recess plans and schedules, fundraisers/budgets, and laws are critical for planning and implementing recess policies and practices at the middle school level.
The metal-binding GTPases CobW2 and CobW3 are at the crossroads of zinc and cobalt homeostasis in
Cupriavidus metallidurans
Authors: Galea Diana , Herzberg Martin , Nies Dietrich H. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The metal-resistant beta-proteobacterium
Cupriavidus metallidurans
is also able to survive conditions of metal starvation. We show that zinc-starved cells can substitute some of the required zinc with cobalt but not with nickel ions. The zinc importer ZupT was necessary for this process but was not essential for either zinc or cobalt import. The cellular cobalt content was also influenced by the two COG0523-family proteins, CobW2 and CobW3. Pulse-chase experiments with radioactive and isotope-enriched zinc demonstrated that both proteins interacted with ZupT to control the cellular flow-equilibrium of zinc, a central process of zinc homeostasis. Moreover, an antagonistic interplay of CobW2 and CobW3 in the presence of added cobalt caused a growth defect in mutant cells devoid of the cobalt efflux system DmeF. Full cobalt resistance also required a synergistic interaction of ZupT and DmeF. Thus, the two transporters along with CobW2 and CobW3 interact to control cobalt homeostasis in a process that depends on zinc availability. Because ZupT, CobW2, and CobW3 also direct zinc homeostasis, this process links the control of cobalt and zinc homeostasis, which subsequently protects
C. metallidurans
against cadmium stress and general metal starvation.

IMPORTANCE

In bacterial cells, zinc ions need to be allocated to zinc-dependent proteins without disturbance of this process by other transition metal cations. Under zinc-starvation conditions,
C. metallidurans
floods the cell with cobalt ions, which protect the cell against cadmium toxicity, help withstand metal starvation, and provide cobalt to metal-promiscuous paralogs of essential zinc-dependent proteins. The number of cobalt ions needs to be carefully controlled to avoid a toxic cobalt overload. This is accomplished by an interplay of the zinc importer ZupT with the COG0523-family proteins, CobW3, and CobW2. At high external cobalt concentrations, this trio of proteins additionally interacts with the cobalt efflux system, DmeF, so that these four proteins form an inextricable link between zinc and cobalt homeostasis.
Host-induced cell wall remodeling impairs opsonophagocytosis of
Staphylococcus aureus
by neutrophils
Authors: Ledger Elizabeth V. K. , Edwards Andrew M. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The bacterial pathogen
Staphylococcus aureus
responds to the host environment by increasing the thickness of its cell wall. However, the impact of cell wall thickening on susceptibility to host defenses is unclear. Using bacteria incubated in human serum, we show that host-induced increases in cell wall thickness led to a reduction in the exposure of bound antibody and complement and a corresponding reduction in phagocytosis and killing by neutrophils. The exposure of opsonins bound to protein antigens or lipoteichoic acid (LTA) was most significantly reduced, while opsonization by IgG against wall teichoic acid or peptidoglycan was largely unaffected. Partial digestion of accumulated cell wall using the enzyme lysostaphin restored opsonin exposure and promoted phagocytosis and killing. Concordantly, the antibiotic fosfomycin inhibited cell wall remodeling and maintained the full susceptibility of
S. aureus
to opsonophagocytic killing by neutrophils. These findings reveal that host-induced changes to the
S. aureus
cell wall reduce the ability of the immune system to detect and kill this pathogen through reduced exposure of protein- and LTA-bound opsonins.

IMPORTANCE

Understanding how bacteria adapt to the host environment is critical in determining fundamental mechanisms of immune evasion, pathogenesis, and the identification of targets for new therapeutic approaches. Previous work demonstrated that
Staphylococcus aureus
remodels its cell envelope in response to host factors and we hypothesized that this may affect recognition by antibodies and thus killing by immune cells. As expected, incubation of
S. aureus
in human serum resulted in rapid binding of antibodies. However, as bacteria adapted to the serum, the increase in cell wall thickness resulted in a significant reduction in exposure of bound antibodies. This reduced antibody exposure, in turn, led to reduced killing by human neutrophils. Importantly, while antibodies bound to some cell surface structures became obscured, this was not the case for those bound to wall teichoic acid, which may have important implications for vaccine design.
Topical menthol for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a randomised controlled trial in breast cancer
Authors: Ozdemir Deniz , Arslan Selda , Artac Mehmet , Karaarslan Fatih 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesChemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) symptom is one of the side effects of paclitaxel in breast cancer patients. This randomised controlled study was conducted to investigate the effect of topical menthol applied on the hands and feet of breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy on CIPN symptoms.Methods60 breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=30), which received topical menthol treatment, or a control group (n=30), which received standard care. Both groups continued their routine pharmacological treatments throughout the study. The intervention group applied 1% menthol topically to their hands and feet two times a day. The effect of the intervention on CIPN symptoms was evaluated 3 weeks and 6 weeks after the intervention.ResultsThe intervention group showed a significantly greater improvement in CIPN symptoms over time compared with the control group, with an effect size of η2=0.214 for the group×time interaction. Additionally, the intervention group exhibited a notable positive change in the exposure subscale of the CIPN rating scale, with an effect size of η2=0.114.ConclusionsTopical application of menthol significantly mitigates the symptoms of CIPN in breast cancer patients. This study supports the use of menthol as an effective adjunctive treatment for CIPN.Trial registration numberNCT05429814.
Detailed study of the decay of $$^{21}$$Mg
Authors: Jensen E. A. M. , Nielsen S. T. , Andreyev A. , Borge M. J. G. , Cederkäll J. , Fraile L. M. , Fynbo H. O. U. , Harkness-Brennan L. J. , Jonson B. , Judson D. S. , Kirsebom O. S. , Lică R. , Lund M. V. , Madurga M. , Marginean N. , Mihai C. , Page R. D. , Perea A. , Riisager K. , Tengblad O. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBeta-delayed proton and gamma emission in the decay of $$^{21}$$

21

Mg has been measured at ISOLDE, CERN with the ISOLDE Decay Station (IDS) set-up. The existing decay scheme is updated, in particular what concerns proton transitions to excited states in $$^{20}$$

20

Ne. Signatures of interference in several parts of the spectrum are used to settle spin and parity assignments to highly excited states in $$^{21}$$

21

Na. The previously reported $$\beta $$
β
p$$\alpha $$
α
branch is confirmed. A half-life of 120.5(4) ms is extracted for $$^{21}$$

21

Mg. The revised decay scheme is employed to test mirror symmetry in the decay and to extract the beta strength distribution of $$^{21}$$

21

Mg that is compared with theory.
Numerical implementation of evolution equations for twist-3 collinear PDFs
Authors: Rodini Simone , Rossi Lorenzo , Vladimirov Alexey 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTwist-3 collinear parton distribution functions (PDFs) are matrix elements of quark-gluon-quark or three-gluons light-cone operators. They depend on three momentum fraction variables, which are restricted to a hexagon region, and the evolution kernels are defined via two-dimensional convolution in these variables. We present the numerical realisation of the twist-3 evolution equations at leading order in the strong coupling for all kinds of twist-3 PDF (quark, gluon, chiral-even/odd, etc). We provide two independent codes (in C and Fortran) that have been extensively cross-checked, and are ready-to-use. We supplement the paper with a review of known properties of twist-3 PDFs.
Mixing “Magnetic” and “Electric” Ehlers–Harrison transformations: the electromagnetic swirling spacetime and novel type I backgrounds
Authors: Barrientos José , Cisterna Adolfo , Kolář Ivan , Müller Keanu , Oyarzo Marcelo , Pallikaris Konstantinos 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we obtain a complete list of stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes, generated from a Minkowski spacetime using the Ernst technique. We do so by operating on the associated seed potentials with a composition of Ehlers and Harrison transformations. In particular, assigning an additional “electric” or “magnetic” tag to the transformations, we investigate the new spacetimes obtained either via a composition of magnetic Ehlers and Harrison transformations (first part) or via a magnetic-electric combination (second part). In the first part, the resulting type D spacetime, dubbed electromagnetic swirling universe, features key properties, separately found in swirling and (Bonnor–)Melvin spacetimes, the latter recovered in appropriate limits. A detailed analysis of the geometry is included, and subtle issues are addressed. A detailed proof that the spacetime belongs to the Kundt family, is included, and a notable relation to the5 planar-Reissner–Nordström-NUT black hole is also meticulously worked out. This relation is further exploited to reverse-engineer the form of the solution in the presence of a nontrivial cosmological constant. A Schwarzschild black hole embedded into the new background is also discussed. In the second part, we present four novel stationary and axisymmetric asymptotically nonflat type I spacetimes, which are naively expected to be extensions of the Melvin or swirling solution including a NUT parameter or electromagnetic charges. We actually find that they are, under conditions, free of curvature and topological singularities, with the physical meaning of the electric transformation parameters in these backgrounds requiring further investigation.
Mass formulas for supergravity black holes with string singularities
Authors: Bogush Igor , Clément Gérard , Gal’tsov Dmitri 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe extend the derivation of mass formulas for stationary axisymmetric asymptotically locally flat solutions with string singularities on the polar axis to general supergravity actions containing vector and scalar fields. It is based on the rod structure of the solutions in Weyl coordinates and is applicable to black holes with Dirac and Misner strings. The obtained formulas differ from the corresponding ones in Einstein–Maxwell theory only by summation over all independent electric charges.
Monte Carlo evaluation of divergent one-loop integrals without contour deformation
Authors: Pittau Roberto 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReference (Pittau and Webber in Eur Phys J C 82(1):55, https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10008-6, 2022) introduces a method for computing numerically four-dimensional multi-loop integrals without performing an explicit analytic contour deformation around threshold singularities. In this paper, we extend such a technique to massless scalar one-loop integrals regularized in the framework of dimensional regularization. A two-loop example is also discussed.
The role of pressure anisotropy on quark stars in gravity’s rainbow
Authors: Banerjee Ayan , Pradhan Anirudh , Dayanandan B. , Ali Akram 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work is seeking for the existence of stable quark stars (QSs) in the framework of a modified theory of gravity known as gravity’s rainbow. This modification comes from the fact that the geometry of spacetime depends on the energy of the test particle. We solve numerically the modified TOV equations and present the mass–radius (M–R) diagram for quark matter equations of state. To constrain the allowed values of the model parameters, we use current astrophysical measurements of the masses and radii of neutron stars. Finally, we investigate the dynamical stability of the hydrostatic equilibrium equations in gravity’s rainbow by analyzing the static stability, adiabatic index, and sound velocity profiles.
Managing a potential conflict between the protection of geological sites and the need to safeguard essential road infrastructure: the Coverack North Coast Protection Scheme and palaeo-Moho in Cornwall, UK
Authors: Holme Andrew 
Published: July 2024

In alignment with the Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Shoreline Management Plan (SMP2), adopted by Cornwall Council, the Coverack North Coast Protection Scheme comprised the construction of a
c.
125 m-long rock armour revetment, and 55 m-long retaining wall, at Coverack Cove on the Lizard Peninsula in Cornwall, UK. This was to prevent sea erosion impacting vehicle access via the B3294, the main public highway into Coverack.

The site of the proposed works on Coverack Beach is part of a Natural England designated Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) for its geology, specifically the exposure on the foreshore of an almost continuous cross-section of a palaeo-Moho, the former boundary between the Earth's crust and underlying mantle.
Following a period of consultation, a set of management proposals and mitigation measures were agreed with Natural England and Cornwall Council to protect and offset the impact of the proposed works on the SSSI asset.
It can be difficult to reconcile the issue of protecting communities from coastal erosion and ensuring the protection of geological assets. However, this can be mitigated if a balanced approach is adopted, and the work is sensitively managed to offset the impact of coastal protection schemes such as this.
From SSDs Back to HDDs: Optimizing VDO to Support Inline Deduplication and Compression for HDDs as Primary Storage Media
Authors: Raaf Patrick , Brinkmann André , Borba Eric , Asadi Hossein , Narasimhamurthy Sai , Bent John , El-Batal Mohamad , Salkhordeh Reza 
Published: July 2024

Deduplication and compression are powerful techniques to reduce the ratio between the quantity of logical data stored and the physical amount of consumed storage. Deduplication can impose significant performance overheads, as duplicate detection for large systems induces random accesses to the backend storage. These random accesses have led to the concern that deduplication for primary storage and HDDs are not compatible. Most inline data reduction solutions are therefore optimized for SSDs and discourage their use for HDDs, even for sequential workloads.
In this work, we show that these concerns are valid if and only if the lessons learned from deduplication research are not applied. We have therefore investigated data reduction solutions for primary storage based on the RedHat Virtual Disk Optimizer (VDO) and show that directly applying them can decrease sequential write performance for HDDs by 36×. We then show that slight modifications to VDO plus the integration of a very small SSD area significantly improve performance even beyond the performance without data reduction enabled, making HDDs more cost-efficient for a wide range of mostly sequential cloud workloads than SSDs. Additionally, these VDO optimizations do not require to maintain different code bases for HDDs and SSDs, and we therefore provide the first data reduction solution applicable to both storage media.
Dynamic Matching with Better-than-2 Approximation in Polylogarithmic Update Time
Authors: Bhattacharya Sayan , Kiss Peter , Saranurak Thatchaphol , Wajc David 
Published: July 2024

We present dynamic algorithms with
polylogarithmic
update time for estimating the size of the maximum matching of a graph undergoing edge insertions and deletions with approximation ratio
strictly better than 2
. Specifically, we obtain a

\(1+\tfrac{1}{\sqrt {2}}+\epsilon \approx 1.707+\epsilon\)

approximation in bipartite graphs and a

\(1.973+\epsilon\)

approximation in general graphs. We thus answer in the affirmative the value version of the major open question repeatedly asked in the dynamic graph algorithms literature. Our randomized algorithms’ approximation and worst-case update time bounds both hold w.h.p. against adaptive adversaries.

Our algorithms are based on simulating new two-pass streaming matching algorithms in the dynamic setting. Our key new idea is to invoke the recent sublinear-time matching algorithm of Behnezhad (FOCS’21) in a white-box manner to efficiently simulate the second pass of our streaming algorithms, while bypassing the well-known vertex-update barrier.