bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cold Pressed Nigella sativa Oil Inhibits the Growth of Foodborne Pathogens and Improves the Quality of Domiati Cheese
Authors: Mahgoub Samir A. , Ramadan Mohamed Fawzy , El‐Zahar Kahled M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe impact of adding cold‐pressed black cumin seed oil (BCSO) at levels of 0.1 and 0.2% w/w to Domiati cheese supplemented with probiotic cultures on the growth inhibition of foodborne pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enteritidis) inoculated in cheese during storage at 4C for 42 days was investigated. BCSO showed antimicrobial effect on the survival of St. aureus, E. coli, L. monocytogenes and Sa. enteritidis inoculated into probiotic Domiati cheese samples. BCSO at concentration of 0.2% w/w had the most effective antimicrobial activity on pathogens when compared to the control. L. monocytogenes and Sa. enteritidis were more resistant against BCSO up to 28 days, whereas E. coli and St. aureus were more resistant up to 14 days of storage. Storage life of BCSO‐supplemented chesses was extended under refrigerated conditions with low microbial loads. BCSO‐supplemented Domiati chesses had also improved physicochemical and sensory properties.Practical ApplicationConsumers are in quest of natural preservatives for healthier lifestyles and natural ways of preventing ailments. Spices are being sought for their medicinal value as antioxidants and as antimicrobials. White soft cheese is one of the most appreciated soft cheeses worldwide. In the current work, BCSO was applied as antibacterial and antioxidant agent during manufacture and storage of Domiati cheese prepared with starter cultures containing contaminating bacteria as well as artificially inoculated bacterial pathogens. It can be stated that BCSO have general antibacterial against pathogenic bacteria. BCSO also enhance the physicochemical and sensory attributes of cheese. This endowed potentiality can participate in keeping a good hygienic quality of soft cheese during storage under cold conditions. The results from the present study could be used to develop novel soft cheese rich in bioactive molecules with a desirable shelf life.
Patient participation, decision‐makers and information flow in surgical treatment
Authors: Heggland Liv‐Helen , Hausken Kjell 
Published: October 2013

Aims and objectivesTo clarify patient participation by specifying three kinds of information flows between healthcare professionals and patients in four models such as the paternalistic, shared, informed and nonpaternalistic models.BackgroundThe relationship between healthcare professionals and patients has evolved from a traditional paternalistic model where ‘doctors know best' and patients are passive recipients, to a partnership where patients act as active participants.DesignA qualitative study.MethodsQualitative data from interviews with four doctors, seven nurses and seven patients illustrate these relationships.ResultsA 3 × 3 matrix is developed where healthcare professionals can make decisions unilaterally, patients can make decisions unilaterally, or these can make decisions jointly. Information can flow from healthcare professionals to patient, from patient to healthcare professionals or both ways.ConclusionsThis conceptualisation provides a rich understanding of decision‐making and information flow in surgical hospitals.Relevance to clinical practiceThe paper illustrates how practice can be assessed empirically to determine how it fits into the structure. Strategies can be implemented to move practice from one part of the structure to another part.
Prognostic Indicators in Cats with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Payne J.R. , Borgeat K. , Connolly D.J. , Boswood A. , Dennis S. , Wagner T. , Menaut P. , Maerz I. , Evans D. , Simons V.E. , Brodbelt D.C. , Luis Fuentes V. 
Published: October 2013

BackgroundLeft atrial (LA) enlargement, congestive heart failure (CHF), and aortic thromboembolism (ATE) are associated with decreased survival in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), but the prognostic value of echocardiographic variables has not been well characterized.Hypothesis/ObjectivesWe hypothesized thatLAechocardiographic variables and assessment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic and systolic function would have prognostic value in cats withHCM.AnimalsTwo hundred eighty‐two cats diagnosed withHCM.MethodsClinical and echocardiographic records of affected cats seen at the Royal Veterinary College from 2004 to 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Only cats with echocardiographic confirmation ofLVdiastolic wall thickness ≥6 mm were included. Outcomes were obtained from clinical records or referring veterinarians and owners.ResultsDeaths occurred in 164 cats, of which 107 were believed to have been cardiac deaths. Univariable predictors of an increased risk of cardiac death included older age, absence of a murmur, presence of a gallop sound or arrhythmia, presentation with eitherCHForATE, extremeLVhypertrophy (≥9.0 mm),LVfractional shortening (FS%) ≤30%, regional wall hypokinesis, increased left atrial size, decreased left atrial function, spontaneous echo‐contrast/thrombus or both, absence of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and a restrictive diastolic filling pattern. Cox's proportional hazard analysis identifiedLAdysfunction, lowLVsystolic function, and extremeLVhypertrophy as independent predictors of decreased cardiac survival time.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceEchocardiographic measurement ofLAfunction, extremeLVhypertrophy, andLVsystolic function provides important prognostic information in cats withHCM.
Isolation and characterization of broad spectrum bacteriophages lytic to Vibrio harveyi from shrimp farms of Kerala, India
Authors: Surekhamol I.S. , Deepa G.D. , Somnath Pai S. , Sreelakshmi B. , Varghese S. , Bright Singh I.S. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Of 33 phages isolated from various shrimp farms in Kerala, India, six were segregated to have broad spectrum lytic efficiency towards 87 isolates of Vibrio harveyi with cross-infecting potential to a few other important aquaculture pathogens. They were further tested on beneficial aquaculture micro-organisms such as probiotics and nitrifying bacterial consortia and proved to be noninfective. Morphological characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and molecular characterization by RAPD and SDS-PAGE proved them distinct and positioned under Caudovirales belonging to Myoviridae and Siphoviridae.

Significance and Impact of the Study
In sustainable aquaculture, application of antibiotics is prohibited to manage vibriosis, including the one caused by Vibrio harveyi. In lieu of antibiotics, an eco-friendly alternative method, phage therapy, is recommended here. To facilitate the same, a set of six broad spectrum V. harveyi phages, as cocktail, has been constituted and characterized based on morphological traits and by employing molecular tools. These phages were also found to infect other aquaculture pathogens belonging to Vibrio and Aeromonas. Subsequent to in vivo trials, they can find application in shrimp hatcheries as prophylactics and therapeutics.
Arterial ammonia levels in cirrhosis are determined by systemic and hepatic hemodynamics, and by organ function: a quantitative modelling study
Authors: Noiret Lorette , Baigent Stephen , Jalan Rajiv 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackground & AimsHyperammonaemia is a common complication of chronic liver failure. Two main factors are thought to underlie this complication: a loss of hepatic detoxification function and the development of portosystemic shunting. However, few studies have tried to quantify the importance of portosystemic shunting. Here, we used a theoretical approach to test the hypothesis that the development of portosystemic shunting is sufficient to cause hyperammonaemia in cirrhosis.MethodsTwo mathematical models are developed. The first one describes the main vascular resistances of the circulation and is used to provide scenarios for the distributions of organ blood flow in cirrhosis, which are necessary to run the second model. The second model predicts arterial ammonia levels resulting from ammonia metabolism in gut, liver, kidney, muscle and brain, and the distribution of organ blood flow.ResultsThe fraction of gastrointestinal blood flow shunted through collaterals was estimated to be 41% in mild cirrhosis, 69% in moderate and 85% in severe cases. In the second model, the redistribution of organ blood flow associated with severe cirrhosis was sufficient to cause hyperammonaemia, even when the hepatic detoxification function and the ammonia production were set to normal.ConclusionsThe model indicates that the development of portosystemic shunting in cirrhosis is sufficient to cause hyperammonaemia. Interventions that reduce the fraction of shunting may be future targets of therapy to control severity of hyperammonaemia.
Identification of host and viral factors involved in a dissimilar resolution of a hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Cubero Maria , Gregori Josep , Esteban Juan I. , García‐Cehic Damir , Bes Marta , Perales Celia , Domingo Esteban , Rodríguez‐Frías Francisco , Sauleda Silvia , Casillas Rosario , Sanchez Alex , Ortega Israel , Esteban Rafael , Guardia Jaume , Quer Josep 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackground & AimsHepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission from a chronic patient to a susceptible individual is a good opportunity to study viral and host factors that may influence the natural course of hepatitis C infection towards either spontaneous recovery or chronicity. To compare a documented case of a bottleneck event in the sexual transmission of HCV from a chronically infected patient to a recipient host that cleared infection.MethodsHost genetic components such as Class I and II HLA and IL28B polymorphism (rs12979860 SNPs) were identified by direct sequencing and LightMix analysis, respectively. Deep nucleotide sequence analysis of quasispecies complexity was performed using massive pyrosequencing platform (454 GS‐FLX), and the CD4 specific immune response was characterized by ELISPOT.Results and ConclusionsSequencing analysis and CD4 response highlighted several NS3‐helicase domains in which an interplay between amino acid variability and CD4 immune response might have contributed either to chronicity in the donor patient or to viral clearance in the receptor (newly infected) patient.
Salt licks do not increase local densities of the deer ked,Lipoptena cervi, an abundant ectoparasite of cervids
Authors: PAAKKONEN T. , NIEMINEN P. , ROININEN H. , MUSTONEN A.‐M. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe deer ked,Lipoptena cervi(Diptera: Hippoboscidae), is a common ectoparasite of the moose,Alces alces(Artiodactyla: Cervidae). Salt licks are widely used to manipulate moose movements to prevent damage to saplings and traffic accidents. They may cause moose to gather in small areas, which could create aggregates of deer ked pupae as the parasite is a short‐distance flyer and its dispersion depends on its hosts. We investigated whether the population density of flying deer keds could be influenced by manipulating salt licks and how environmental variables affect parasite density. Densities were estimated in 40 experimental sites with four treatments (no salt licks, introduced salt licks, removed salt licks, permanent salt licks) in September during 2007–2010. Forest edges, mixed forests on mineral soil and coniferous forests on peat soil were the habitats with high numbers of parasites. The manipulation of salt licks seemed to be ineffective in reducing the density of deer keds as the only factor to show statistical significance with parasite numbers in the mixed‐model analysis was year of determination. Annual deer ked densities correlated with the abundance of moose in the region. Moreover, high spring and summer temperatures seemed to increase the numbers of flying imagos.
Comparison of salivary collection and processing methods for quantitative HHV‐8 detection
Authors: Speicher DJ , Johnson NW 
Published: October 2013

ObjectivesSaliva is a proved diagnostic fluid for the qualitative detection of infectious agents, but the accuracy of viral load determinations is unknown. Stabilising fluids impede nucleic acid degradation, compared with collection onto ice and then freezing, and we have shown that the DNA Genotek P‐021 prototype kit (P‐021) can produce high‐quality DNA after 14 months of storage at room temperature. Here we evaluate the quantitative capability of 10 collection/processing methods.MethodsUnstimulated whole mouth fluid was spiked with a mixture of HHV‐8 cloned constructs, 10‐fold serial dilutions were produced, and samples were extracted and then examined with quantitative PCR (qPCR). Calibration curves were compared by linear regression and qPCR dynamics.ResultsAll methods extracted with commercial spin columns produced linear calibration curves with large dynamic range and gave accurate viral loads. Ethanol precipitation of the P‐021 does not produce a linear standard curve, and virus is lost in the cell pellet. DNA extractions from the P‐021 using commercial spin columns produced linear standard curves with wide dynamic range and excellent limit of detection.ConclusionWhen extracted with spin columns, the P‐021 enables accurate viral loads down to 23 copies μl−1 DNA. The quantitative and long‐term storage capability of this system makes it ideal for study of salivary DNA viruses in resource‐poor settings.
Managing a child with possible allergy to vaccine
Authors: Caubet Jean‐Christoph , Rudzeviciene Odilija , Gomes Eva , Terreehorst Ingrid , Brockow Knut , Eigenmann Philippe A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSimilarly to other medications, vaccines may be responsible for allergic reactions. Although IgE‐mediated allergies to vaccine are extremely rare, they are clearly overdiagnosed. Indeed, accurate diagnosis of vaccine allergy is important not only to prevent serious or even life‐threatening reactions, but also to avoid unnecessary vaccine restriction. Systematic approaches have been proposed and, if implemented, will likely reduce the number of children being inappropriately labeled as allergic to vaccine. In diagnosis of vaccine allergy, the patient's history is central although not sufficient. In case of suspicion of an allergy, the child should be referred to an allergist in order to perform a complete allergy workup, based primarily on skin tests and/or specific IgE. Highlighting the most recent literature, this article will address the management of children with a possible allergy to vaccine.
Enhancement of root hydraulic conductivity by methyl jasmonate and the role of calcium and abscisic acid in this process
Authors: SÁNCHEZ‐ROMERA BEATRIZ , RUIZ‐LOZANO JUAN MANUEL , LI GUOWEI , LUU DOAN‐TRUNG , MARTÍNEZ‐BALLESTA MARIA DEL CARMEN , CARVAJAL MICAELA , ZAMARREÑO ANGEL MARÍA , GARCÍA‐MINA JOSE MARÍA , MAUREL CHRISTOPHE , AROCA RICARDO 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe role of jasmonic acid in the induction of stomatal closure is well known. However, its role in regulating root hydraulic conductivity (L) has not yet been explored. The objectives of the present research were to evaluate how JA regulates L and how calcium and abscisic acid (ABA) could be involved in such regulation. We found that exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) increased L of Phaseolus vulgaris, Solanum lycopersicum and Arabidopsis thaliana roots. Tomato plants defective in JA biosynthesis had lower values of L than wild‐type plants, and that L was restored by addition of MeJA. The increase of L by MeJA was accompanied by an increase of the phosphorylation state of the aquaporin PIP2. We observed that MeJA addition increased the concentration of cytosolic calcium and that calcium channel blockers inhibited the rise of L caused by MeJA. Treatment with fluoridone, an inhibitor of ABA biosynthesis, partially inhibited the increase of L caused by MeJA, and tomato plants defective in ABA biosynthesis increased their L after application of MeJA. It is concluded that JA enhances L and that this enhancement is linked to calcium and ABA dependent and independent signalling pathways.
Analgesic Effect of Light‐Emitting Diode (LED) Therapy at Wavelengths of 635 and 945 nm on Bothrops moojeni Venom‐Induced Hyperalgesia
Authors: Nadur‐Andrade Nikele , Zamuner Stella R. , Toniolo Elaine F. , de Lima Carlos J. , Cogo José C. , Dale Camila S. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractEnvenoming induced by Bothrops snakes is characterized by drastic local tissue damage involving hemorrhage, myonecrosis and proeminent inflammatory and hyperalgesic response. The most effective treatment is antivenom therapy, which is ineffective in neutralizing the local response. Herein, it was evaluated the effectiveness of light‐emitting diode (LED) at wavelengths of 635 and 945 nm in reducing inflammatory hyperalgesia induced by Bothrops moojeni venom (BmV) in mice, produced by an subplantar injection of BmV (1 μg). Mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia were assessed by von Frey filaments at 1, 3, 6 and 24 h after venom injection. The site of BmV injection (1.2 cm2) was irradiated by LEDs at 30 min and 3 h after venom inoculation. Both 635 nm (110 mW, fluence of 3.76 J/cm2 and 41 s of irradiation time) and 945 nm (120 mW, fluence of 3.8 J/cm2 and 38 s of irradiation time) LED inhibited mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia of mice alone or in combination with antivenom treatment, even when the symptoms were already present. The effect of phototherapy in reducing local pain induced by BmV should be considered as a novel therapeutic tool for the treatment of local symptoms induced after bothropic snake bites.
Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit, Central Kamchatka, Russia
Authors: Andreeva Elena D. , Matsueda Hiroharu , Okrugin Victor M. , Takahashi Ryohei , Ono Shuji 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMineralogic studies of major ore minerals and fluid inclusion analysis in gangue quartz were carried out for the for the two largest veins, the Aginskoe and Surprise, in the Late Miocene Aginskoe Au–Ag–Te deposit in central Kamchatka, Russia. The veins consist of quartz–adularia–calcite gangue, which are hosted by Late Miocene andesitic and basaltic rocks of the Alnei Formation. The major ore minerals in these veins are native gold, altaite, petzite, hessite, calaverite, sphalerite, and chalcopyrite. Minor and trace minerals are pyrite, galena, and acanthine. Primary gold occurs as free grains, inclusions in sulfides, and constituent in tellurides. Secondary gold is present in form of native mustard gold that usually occur in Fe‐hydroxides and accumulates on the decomposed primary Au‐bearing tellurides such as calaverite, krennerite, and sylvanite. K–Ar dating on vein adularia yielded age of mineralization 7.1–6.9 Ma. Mineralization of the deposit is divided into barren massive quartz (stage I), Au–Ag–Te mineralization occurring in quartz‐adularia‐clays banded ore (Stage II), intensive brecciation (Stage III), post‐ore coarse amethyst (Stage IV), carbonate (Stage V), and supergene stages (Stage VI). In the supergene stage various secondary minerals, including rare bilibinskite, bogdanovite, bessmertnovite metallic alloys, secondary gold, and various oxides, formed under intensely oxidized conditions. Despite heavy oxidation of the ores in the deposit, Te and S fugacities are estimated as Stage II tellurides precipitated at the log f Te2 values −9 and at log fS2 −13 based on the chemical compositions of hypogene tellurides and sphalerite. Homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions in quartz broadly ranges from 200 to 300°C. Ore texture, fluid inclusions, gangue, and vein mineral assemblages indicate that the Aginskoe deposit is a low‐sulfidation (quartz–adularia–sericite) vein system.
Dispersion Pattern of PGE and Ag in Chromiferous Ultramafic Suite of Rocks in Sukinda Valley, India
Authors: Sharma Priyadarshini , Mohapatra Birendra Kumar , Singh Prem Prakash 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPotential chromite ore deposits of India are situated in Sukinda, Odisha, which may also be considered as a potential resource for platinum group elements (PGEs). This paper reports on PGE geochemistry in twenty six samples covering chromite ores, chromitites and associated ultramafic rocks of the Sukinda ultramafic complex. Platinum group element contents range from 213 to 487 ppb in the chromite ore body, from 63 to 538 ppb in rocks that have chromite dendrites or dissemination and from 38 to 389 ppb in associated olivine–peridotite, serpentinite, pyroxenite and brecciated rocks. The PGEs are divided into two sub‐groups: IPGE (Ir, Os, and Ru) and PPGE (Pd, Pt, and Rh) based on their chemical behaviour. The IPGE and PPGE in these three litho‐members show a contrasting relationship e.g. average IPGE content decreases from chromite to chromitite and associated rocks while PPGE increases in the same order. Appreciable Ag in chromitite (270–842 ppb) is recorded. Positive correlation between IPGE with Cr2O3 and with Al2O3 is observed while these are negatively correlated with MgO. Covariant relationships between Au and Mg in rocks devoid of chromite and between Ag and Fe in chromitite sample are observed. Chromite in all seams and some chromitite samples exhibit an IPGE‐enriched chondrite normalized pattern while PPGE are highly fractionated and show a steep negative slope, thereby indicating that PGE in the parental melt fractionates and IPGE‐compatible elements prefer to settle with chromite. The rocks devoid of chromite and rocks containing accessory chromite exhibit a nearly flat pattern in chondrite‐normalized PGE plots and this suggests a limited fractionation of PGE in these rocks. Variation in the distribution pattern of PGE and Ag in three typical litho‐members of the Sukinda Valley may be related to multiple intrusion of ultramafic magma, containing variable volume percentage of chromite.
Unique Origin of Skarn at the Ohori Base Metal Deposit, Yamagata Prefecture, NE Japan: C, O and S Isotopic Study
Authors: Yokoro Yu , Hanamuro Takahiro , Nakashima Kazuo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe Ohori ore deposit is one of the Cu–Pb–Zn deposits in the Green Tuff region, NE Japan, and consists of skarn‐type (Kaninomata) and vein‐type (Nakanomata) orebodies. The former has a unique origin because its original calcareous rocks were made by hydrothermal precipitation during Miocene submarine volcanism. Carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of skarn calcite and sulfur isotope ratios of sulfides were measured in and around the deposit. Carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of the skarn calcite are δ13C = −15.51 to −5.1‰, δ18O = +3.6 to +22.5‰. δ13C values are slightly lower than those of the Cretaceous skarn deposits in Japan. These isotope ratios of the Kaninomata skarn show that the original calcareous rocks resemble the present submarine hydrothermal carbonates at the CLAM Site, Okinawa Trough, than Cenozoic limestones, even though some isotopic shifts had occurred during later skarnization. δ34S ratios of the sulfide minerals from the Kaninomata and Nakanomata orebodies are mostly in a narrow range of +4.0 to +7.0‰ and they resemble each other, suggesting the same sulfur origin for the both deposits. The magnetite‐series Tertiary Kaninomatasawa granite is distributed just beneath the skarn layer and has δ34S ratios of +7.5 to 8.1‰. The heavy sulfur isotope ratio of the skarn sulfides may have been affected by the Kaninomatasawa granite.