bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and Computational Investigation of the Photophysical Properties of a Series of Luminescent D−A−D’ and D−A−A’ Pyrimidines
Authors: Sidhu Baldeep K. , Lozada Issiah B. , Pandian Rathiesh , Alfurayj Ibrahim , Burda Clemens , Herbert David E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPyrimidines, a prominent isomer class of diazines, are promising molecular constituents of electron‐deficient luminescent and hole‐transport materials. Here, we report the fluorescence lifetimes and describe the electronic structures and character of low‐lying emissive excited states of a series of synthetically accessible donor‐acceptor‐donor (D−A−D′) and donor‐acceptor‐acceptor (D−A−A′) type pyrimidines, including both all‐organic and hybrid organic‐organometallic analogues. We find that strategically varying the aryl substituents on a pyrimidine enables tuning of the character of the luminescent excited states from charge‐transfer (CT) to locally excited (LE) states, which then differ in their sensitivity to their environment. This study suggests structural handles for controlling the photophysics of arylpyrimidines relevant to a variety of applications for luminescent materials.
The role of the primitive marker CD133 in CD34‐negative acute myeloid leukemia for the detection of leukemia stem cells
Authors: Reuvekamp Tom , Janssen Luca L. G. , Ngai Lok Lam , Carbaat‐Ham Jannemieke , den Hartog Daphne , Scholten Willemijn J. , Kelder Angèle , Hanekamp Diana , Wensink Eliza , van Gils Noortje , Gradowska Patrycja , Löwenberg Bob , Ossenkoppele Gert J. , van de Loosdrecht Arjan A. , Westers Theresia M. , Smit Linda , Bachas Costa , Cloos Jacqueline 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe most important reason for dismal outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the development of relapse. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are hypothesized to initiate relapse, and high CD34+CD38− LSC load is associated with poor prognosis. In 10% of AML patients, CD34 is not or is low expressed on the leukemic cells (<1%), and CD34+CD38− LSCs are absent. These patients are classified as CD34‐negative. We aimed to determine whether the primitive marker CD133 can detect LSCs in CD34‐negative AML. We retrospectively quantified 148 CD34‐negative patients for proportions of CD34−CD133+ and CD133+CD38− cell fractions in the diagnostic samples of CD34‐negative patients in the HOVON102 and HOVON132 trials. No prognostic difference was found between patients with high or low proportions of CD34−CD133+, which is found to be aberrantly expressed in AML. A high level of CD133+CD38− cells was not associated with poor overall survival, and expression in AML was similar to normal bone marrow. To conclude, CD133 is useful as an additional primitive marker for the detection of leukemic blast cells in CD34‐negative AML. However, CD133+CD38 alone is not suitable for the detection of LSCs at diagnosis.
Disentangling the genetic underpinnings of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease in the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project: Study design and methodology
Authors: Ray Nicholas R. , Kumar Ajneesh , Zaman Andrew , del Rosario Pamela , Mena Pedro R. , Manoochehri Masood , Stein Colin , De Vito Alyssa N. , Sweet Robert A. , Hohman Timothy J. , Cuccaro Michael L. , Beecham Gary W. , Huey Edward D. , Reitz Christiane 
Published: August 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONNeuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are highly prevalent in Alzheimer's disease (AD). There are no effective treatments targeting these symptoms.METHODSTo facilitate identification of causative mechanistic pathways, we initiated an effort (NIH: U01AG079850) to collate, harmonize, and analyze all available NPS data (≈ 100,000 samples) of diverse ancestries with whole‐genome sequencing data from the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP).RESULTSThis study will generate a genomic resource for Alzheimer's disease with both harmonized whole‐genome sequencing and NPS phenotype data that will be publicly available through NIAGADS. Primary analyses will (1) identify novel genetic risk factors associated with NPS in AD, (2) characterize the shared genetic architecture of NPS in AD and primary psychiatric disorders, and (3) assess the role of ancestry effects in the etiology of NPS in AD.DISCUSSIONExpansion of the ADSP to harmonize and refine NPS phenotypes coupled with the proposed core analyses will lay the foundation to disentangle the molecular mechanisms underlying these detrimental symptoms in AD in diverse populations.Highlights
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are highly prevalent in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
There are no effective treatments targeting NPS in AD.
The current effort aims to collate, harmonize, and analyze all NPS data from the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project.
Core analyses will identify underlying genetic factors and mechanistic pathways.
The harmonized genomic and phenotypic data from this initiative will be available through National Institute on Aging Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Data Storage Site.
Beyond Age, BMI, Gender Identity, and Gender Minority Stress, Weight Bias Internalization Is Uniquely Associated With More Eating and Body Image Disturbances and Poor Physical and Mental Health in Chinese Gender‐Diverse Adults
Authors: Barnhart Wesley R. , Xiao Yueyang , Li Yijing , Gaggiano Christina , Jiang Zexuan , Wu Shijia , Cao Hongjian , He Jinbo 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveWeight bias internalization (WBI) is a robust, positive correlate of negative health outcomes; however, this evidence base primarily reflects cisgender individuals from Western cultural contexts. Gender‐diverse individuals from non‐Western cultural contexts (e.g., China) are at potentially high risk for WBI. Yet, no research has examined WBI and associated negative health consequences in this historically underrepresented population.MethodA cross‐sectional, online survey sampled Chinese gender‐diverse individuals (N = 410, M
age = 22.33 years). Variables were self‐reported, including demographics, WBI, body shame, body dissatisfaction, disordered eating, physical and mental health status, and gender minority stress (e.g., internalized cisgenderism). Analyses included correlations and multiple hierarchical regressions.ResultsPearson bivariate correlations demonstrated associations between higher WBI and more eating and body image disturbances and poor physical and mental health. After adjusting for age, BMI, gender identity, and gender minority stress, higher WBI was uniquely and positively associated with higher body shame, higher body dissatisfaction, higher disordered eating, and poor physical and mental health. Notably, WBI accounted for more unique variance in eating and body image disturbances (13%–25% explained by WBI) than physical and mental health (1%–4% explained by WBI).DiscussionWhile replication with longitudinal and experimental designs is needed to speak to the temporal dynamics and causality, our findings identify WBI as a unique, meaningful correlate of eating and body image disturbances in Chinese gender‐diverse adults.
Establishing large mammal population trends from heterogeneous count data
Authors: Pradel R. , Renaud P.‐C. , Pays O. , Scholte P. , Ogutu J. O. , Hibert F. , Casajus N. , Mialhe F. , Fritz H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMonitoring population trends is pivotal to effective wildlife conservation and management. However, wildlife managers often face many challenges when analyzing time series of census data due to heterogeneities in sampling methodology, strategy, or frequency. We present a three‐step method for modeling trends from time series of count data obtained through multiple census methods (aerial or ground census and expert estimates). First, we design a heuristic for constructing credible intervals for all types of animal counts including those which come with no precision measure. Then, we define conversion factors for rendering aerial and ground counts comparable and provide values for broad classes of animals from an extant series of parallel aerial and ground censuses. Lastly, we construct a Bayesian model that takes the reconciled counts as input and estimates the relative growth rates between successive dates while accounting for their precisions. Importantly, we bound the rate of increase to account for the demographic potential of a species. We propose a flow chart for constructing credible intervals for various types of animal counts. We provide estimates of conversion factors for 5 broad classes of species. We describe the Bayesian model for calculating trends, annual rates of population increase, and the associated credible intervals. We develop a bespoke R CRAN package, popbayes, for implementing all the calculations that take the raw counts as input. It produces consistent and reliable estimates of population trends and annual rates of increase. Several examples from real populations of large African mammals illustrate the different features of our method. The approach is well‐suited for analyzing population trends for heterogeneous time series and allows a principled use of all the available historical census data. The method is general and flexible and applicable to various other animal species besides African large mammals. It can readily be adapted to test predictions of various hypotheses about drivers of rates of population increase.
Plant traits regulated metal(loid)s in dominant herbs in an antimony mining area of the karst zone, China
Authors: Du Zhongyu , Wang Shufeng , Xing Wenli , Xue Liang , Xiao Jiang , Chen Guangcai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how plant functional traits respond to mining activities and impact metal(loid)s accumulation in dominant species is crucial for exploring the driving mechanisms behind plant community succession and predicting the ecological restoration potential of these plants. In this study, we investigated four dominant herbaceous species (Artemisia argyi, Miscanthus sinensis, Ficus tikoua, and Ageratina adenophora) growing on antimony (Sb) mining sites (MS) with high Sb and arsenic (As) levels, as well as non‐mining sites (NMS). The aim was to analyze the variations in functional traits and their contribution to Sb and As concentrations in plants. Our results indicate that mining activities enhanced soil nitrogen (N) limitation and phosphorus (P) enrichment, while significantly reducing the plant height of three species, except for F. tikoua. The four species absorbed more calcium (Ca) to ensure higher tolerance to Sb and As levels, which is related to the activation of Ca signaling pathways and defense mechanisms. Furthermore, plant Sb and As concentrations were dependent on soil metal(loid) levels and plant element stoichiometry. Overall, these findings highlight the regulatory role of plant element traits in metal(loid) concentrations, warranting widespread attention and further study in the future.
Single‐Electron Oxidation, Chloride Abstraction, and Hydride‐Induced Decomposition of a Dichloro‐Bis(Germylene)
Authors: He Yiyi , Souza Cauê P. , Weiser Jonas , Dietz Maximilian , Krummenacher Ivo , Dewhurst Rian D. , Braunschweig Holger , Fantuzzi Felipe , Cui Jingjing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this work we explore the reactivity of a dichloro‐bis(germylene) compound that features a naphthyridine diimine (NDI) ligand, denoted NDI‐Ge2Cl2. Upon reaction with the oxidant [Cp2Fe][BArF4] (Cp=C5H5, BArF4=[{3,5‐(CF3)2C6H3}4B]), we observed the formation of the radical species [NDI‐Ge2Cl2]⋅+[BArF4]−. Furthermore, the introduction of Na[BArF4] induced a single chloride anion abstraction process, resulting in the formation of [NDI‐Ge2Cl][BArF4]. The addition of Li[HB(sBu)3] to NDI‐Ge2Cl2 led to the generation of NDI−Ge, presumably via a Cl/H exchange pathway followed by a decomposition process.
Effects of Taxon and Body Size on Mercury Concentrations in Spiders from Two Rivers with Different Levels of Mercury Contamination: Implications for the Use of Riparian Spiders as Sentinels
Authors: Todd Andrew C. , Chumchal Matthew M. , Drenner Ray W. , Allender Chris W. , Barst Benjamin D. , Capone Morgan T. , Degges Andrew P. , Hannappel Madeline P. , Perry Cale R. , Peterson Robert A. , Martinez Tori L. , Schmeder Iris E. , Williams Tyler T. , Willingham Macyn G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Due to widespread atmospheric deposition of mercury (Hg), all aquatic food webs are contaminated with toxic methyl mercury (MeHg). At high concentrations, MeHg poses a health hazard to wildlife and humans. Spiders feeding in riparian habitats (hereafter referred to as riparian spiders) have been proposed as sentinels of MeHg contamination of aquatic systems. Riparian spiders are exposed to MeHg through their diets, and the concentration of MeHg in spiders is positively related to the proportion of MeHg-contaminated emergent aquatic insects in their diets. The use of spiders as sentinels is complex because their MeHg concentrations can vary, not only among ecosystems but also between different spider taxa and as a function of spider body size. The objective of the present study was to examine how the level of ecosystem contamination, spider taxon, and spider body size interact to influence MeHg concentrations in four genera of riparian spiders from two rivers with different levels of Hg contamination. We collected four genera of riparian spiders (Tetragnatha sp., Larinioides sp., Pardosa sp., and Rabidosa sp.) from two sites along both the Clear Fork of the Trinity River and the West Fork of the Trinity River (Fort Worth, TX, USA). We analyzed concentrations of MeHg in different body sizes of spiders from each genus. We found that MeHg contamination of the river ecosystem, spider taxon, and spider body size were important determinants of MeHg concentration in riparian spiders. The results suggest that any of the four taxa of riparian spiders from the present study could be used as sentinels of aquatic MeHg contamination, but they should not be used interchangeably because of the interdependence between the effects of ecosystem contamination level, spider taxon, and body size. Future studies utilizing riparian spiders as sentinels of biomagnifying aquatic contaminants (e.g., MeHg, polychlorinated biphenyls) should consider the potentially complex interaction effects between ecosystem contamination level, spider taxon, and spider body size. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:2169–2175. © 2024 The Author(s). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Fritillaria crassicaulis (Liliaceae): An addition to Flora of India and its typification
Authors: Dey Santanu , Phom Limamanen , Jing Vidi , Walling Tekameren , Chang Tongpangkokla , Krishna Gopal 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFritillaria crassicaulis S.C. Chen. (Liliaceae) is collected for the first time from Nagaland, India. This species so far is known from South‐Central China and Nepal. A detailed description along with field photograph, illustration, and key to Indian species of Fritillaria is provided for easy identification in the field. We also designate lectotypification for the name, Fritillaria crassicaulis S.C. Chen.
Adherence to melanoma screening and surveillance skin check schedules tailored to personal risk
Authors: Perera Methmi M. , Smit Amelia K. , Smith Andrea L. , Gallo Bruna , Tan Ivy , Espinoza David , Laginha Bela I. , Guitera Pascale , Martin Linda K. , Cust Anne E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPopulation‐wide skin cancer screening is not currently recommended in most countries. Instead, most clinical guidelines incorporate risk‐based recommendations for skin checks, despite limited evidence around implementation and adherence to recommendations in practice. We aimed to determine adherence to personal risk‐tailored melanoma skin check schedules and explore reasons influencing adherence. Patients (with/without a previous melanoma) attending tertiary dermatology clinics at the Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia, were invited to complete a melanoma risk assessment questionnaire via iPad and provided with personal risk information alongside a risk‐tailored skin check schedule. Data were collected from the risk tool, clinician‐recorded data on schedule deviations, and appointment booking system. Post‐consultation, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with patients and clinic staff. We used a convergent segregated mixed methods approach for analysis. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and data were analysed thematically. Participant data were analysed from clinic records (n = 247) and interviews (n = 29 patients, 11 staff). Overall, there was 62% adherence to risk‐tailored skin check schedules. In cases of non‐adherence, skin checks tended to occur more frequently than recommended. Decisions to deviate were similarly influenced by patients (44%) and clinicians (56%). Themes driving non‐adherence among patients included anxiety and wanting autonomy around decision‐making, and among clinicians included concerns around specific lesions and risk estimate accuracy. There was moderate adherence to a clinical service program of personal risk‐tailored skin check recommendations. Further adherence may be gained by incorporating strategies to identify and assist patients with high levels of anxiety and supporting clinicians to communicate risk‐based recommendations with patients.
Biosystematic studies of the Rumex acetosella Complex (Polygonaceae): VIII. A taxonomic revision
Authors: Den Nijs J. C. M. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryOn the basis of the evidence accumulated from previously published studies a taxonomic revision is proposed, the data obtained by biosystematic inquiries being used here as far as they can contribute towards a practical classification of formal taxa. On the ground of the alternative characters angiocarpy – gymnocarpy and bi‐ to multifid versus undissected basal leaf lobes the R. acetosella complex is subdivided into 4 morphological entities each With a well‐defined distributional range. These “morphological” units are each compounded, in different relative quantities, of populations with the ploidy levels 2x, 4x and 6x which may hybridise in contact and overlap zones. With the stress laid on the considerable significance of their geographical distinction and recognition, for each of the four the rank of subspecies is proposed.After a critical perusal of the taxonomic and nomenclatural history of the members of the group, the following classification was arrived at:R. acetosella L. ssp. acetosella: gymnocarpous, non‐multifid; N. W. Europe.R. acetosella L. ssp. angiocarpus (Murb.) Murb. emend. Den Nijs: angiocarpous, non‐multifid; S. W. Europe.R. acetosella L. ssp. multifidus (L.) Arc.: angiocarpous, multifid; C. and S. Italy, S. Jugoslavia.R. acetosella L. ssp. acetoselloides (Bal.) Den Nijs: gymnocarpous, multifid; S. E. Europe, southern USSR.A key to the European elements of the R. acetosella group is presented.
Beiträge zur Flora Zentralafrikas. I. Eine neue Nymphaea sowie ein neuer Streptocarpus aus Rwanda
Authors: Fischer Eberhard 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungIn den Jahren 1984, 1985 und 1987 hatte der Verfasser Gelegenheit, während mehrmonatiger Forschungsaufenthalte das zentralafrikanische Land Rwanda zu besuchen. Dabei konnte auch eine Reihe neuer Sippen gesammelt werden, von denen zwei, Nymphaea thermarum und Sireptocarpus bindseili, hier beschrieben werden sollen.
Structure and distribution of stomata among some Nigerian dicotyledonous weeds
Authors: Ogbe F. M. Dania , Osawaru M. E. 
Published: August 2024

SummaryData on stomatal structure and distribution of 40 Nigerian dicotyledonous weeds are presented. Five stomatal types, paracytic, anomocytic, diacytic, anisocytic and pericytic were observed. The first three stomatal types occurred equally frequently. There were some species with two types or even three types of stomata on the same plant. Two species were hypostomatous and the others were amphistomatous. Stomatal indices ranged from 12 to 39.
Periosteal expansion osteogenesis using a tubular dynamic frame device: An experimental study in rats
Authors: Hoshi Karen , Imoto Kazuhiro , Yanagisawa Yuta , Nogami Shinnosuke , Unuma Hidero , Yamauchi Kensuke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPeriosteal expansion osteogenesis (PEO) is a technique for augmenting bone by creating a gradual separation between the bone and periosteum. This study assessed PEO‐induced bone formation around the femurs of rats using a dynamic frame device (DFD), consisting of a shape memory membrane made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) formed into a tubular shape. The DFDs, consisting of a PET membrane coated with hydroxyapatite (HA)/gelatin on the bone‐contact surface, were inserted between the periosteum and bone of the femurs of rats. In the experimental group, DFDs were suture‐fixed to the femur with 4–0 Vicryl Rapid; in the control group, 4–0 silk thread was used for fixation. Five rats per group were euthanized at intervals of 3, 5, and 8 weeks postoperatively. Bone formation was evaluated via micro‐CT imaging, histomorphometry, and histological analysis. Morphological analysis revealed new bone between the femur and the periosteum, expanded by the DFD, in all groups. The mean values of new bone were 0.30 mm2 proximally, 0.18 mm2 centrally, and 0.82 mm2 distally in the control group, compared to 1.05 mm2 proximally, 0.27 mm2 centrally, and 0.84 mm2 distally in the experimental group. A significant difference in new bone was observed in the proximal region of the experimental group. Histological examination showed that a single layer of newly formed neoplastic bone was noted on the cortical bone surface across all sites. The proximal portion displayed a bone marrow cavity at the center, encircled by a thick bone cortex with a layered structure. New bone formation was notable between existing cortical bone and the periosteum, particularly at both ends of the DFD. The use of PET in PEO was a viable option for achieving ideal bone morphology.