bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and application of cationic fluorinated acrylic resin for use in cathodic electrodeposition coatings
Authors: Chen Lijun , Li Wen , Jiang Wei 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper was to prepare a fluorinated acrylate resin, which would be synthesised via solution polymerisation of fluorinated monomer, acrylate monomers and other functional monomers. Relevant characterisation and application studies were also carried out. Fluorinated polymers are expected to be adopted in specific coatings to afford outstanding advantages, such as high chemical and photochemical resistance, low surface tension and low refractive index. At present, fluorinated cathodic electrodeposition (CED) coatings are attracting the attention that they deserve and seldom reported.

Design/methodology/approach
– Cationic fluorinated acrylic resin was successfully prepared by solution polymerisation of dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid initiated by 2,2,-azo-bis-iso-butyronitrile in a solvent of butyl cellosolve. The resultant resin was neutralised with acetic acid. The CED coatings are prepared when moderate amounts of blocked isocyanate and distilled water were added into the resultant resin.

Findings
– The hydrophobicity of the film is improved when the fluorinated monomer is introduced to co-polymerise with other monomers. The optimum conditions of preparing the resin are as follows: the amount of azodiisobutyronitrile is controlled with the range of 3.0 and 4.0 per cent; the amine value of the resin is 70 mg KOH/g; the hydroxyl value of resin and mole ratio of hydroxyl to isocyanate is 60 mg KOH/g and 1.0/1.0, respectively; the degree of neutralisation of the resin is within the range of 35 and 40 per cent.

Practical implications
– The cationic fluorinated acrylic resin can be used to be the binder of CED coatings, which can be applied to electrodeposition finishing for high demand of exterior decorative and weather resistance, such as hardware, accessories, office furniture and so on.

Originality/value
– The cationic fluorinated acrylic resin was successfully prepared by solution polymerisation. The hydrophobicity of the film is improved.
A case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma of skeletal muscle
Authors: Kubo Yosuke , Aoi Jun , Johno Takamitsu , Makino Takamitsu , Sakai Keisuke , Masuguchi Shinichi , Fukushima Satoshi , Jinnin Masatoshi , Inoue Yuji , Ihn Hironobu 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAnaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a high grade non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that is comprised of the malignant proliferation of large lymphoid cells, which express CD30. Primary ALCL of the skeletal muscle is extremely uncommon. A 51‐year‐old Japanese female presented at our hospital with a 2‐month history of severe pain and swelling of the right leg. A gallium‐67 SPECT/CT scan showed a large mass involving the skeletal muscles from the gluteus to femoris. A biopsy of the mass demonstrated diffuse infiltration of medium and large neoplastic cells with round or lobulated hyperchromatic pleomorphic nuclei. A subset of Reed‐Sternberg‐like cells was also identified. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were strongly positive for CD4 and CD30, but negative for CD3, CD8, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), CD20, CD79α, CD21 and CD23. Based on the histological examination, this patient was diagnosed to have ALK‐negative ALCL of the skeletal muscle. Further studies are needed to clarify the biological behavior of primary skeletal muscle ALCL.
Reduction of Methanol in Brewed Wine by the Use of Atmospheric and Room‐Temperature Plasma Method and the Combination Optimization of Malt with Different Adjuncts
Authors: Liang Ming‐Hua , Liang Ying‐Jie , Chai Jiang‐Yan , Zhou Shi‐Shui , Jiang Jian‐Guo 
Published: October 2014

AbstractMethanol, often generated in brewed wine, is highly toxic for human health. To decrease the methanol content of the brewed wine, atmospheric and room‐temperature plasma (ARTP) was used as a new mutagenesis tool to generate a mutant of Saccharomy cescerevisiae with lower methanol content. Headspace gas chromatography was used to determine the identity and concentration of methanol with butyl acetate as internal standard in brewed wine. With 47.4% higher and 26.3% positive mutation rates were obtained, the ARTP jet exhibited a strong effect on mutation breeding of S. cerevisiae. The mutant S. cerevisiae S12 exhibited the lowest methanol content, which was decreased by 72.54% compared with that of the wild‐type strain. Subsequently, the mutant S. cerevisiae S12 was used to ferment different combinations of malt and adjuncts for lower methanol content and higher alcoholic content. It was shown that the culture 6#, which was 60% malt, 20% wheat, and 20% corn, was the best combinations of malt and adjuncts, with the lowest methanol content (104.8 mg/L), and a relatively higher alcoholic content (15.3%, v/v). The optimal malt–adjunct culture 6#, treated with the glucoamylase dose of 0.04 U/mg of grain released the highest reducing sugars (201.6 mg/mL). It was indicated that the variation in reducing sugars among the combinations of malt and different adjuncts could be due to the dose of exogenous enzymes.
Steroid‐induced diabetes mellitus in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: analysis from a Malaysian multi‐ethnic lupus cohort
Authors: Shaharir Syahrul Sazliyana , Gafor Abdul Halim Abdul , Said Mohd Shahrir Mohamed , Kong Norella C. T. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease and glucocorticoid is the mainstay of treatment in SLE. The reported incidence of steroid‐induced diabetes mellitus (SDM) ranged between 1–53%. We sought to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of SDM in patients with SLE.MethodologyA total of 100 SLE patients attending the Nephrology/SLE and Rheumatology Clinic, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) who received corticosteroid treatment were recruited. The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was based on the 2010 American Diabetes Association's criteria. Prevalent cases of SDM were also included. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with SDM.ResultsThirteen of them (13%) developed SDM, with the median onset of diagnosis from commencement of glucocorticoid treatment being 8 years (range 0.5–21 years). Although only seven Indians were recruited into the study, three of them (42.9%) had SDM compared to Malays (9.3%) and Chinese (12.8%) (P ≤ 0.05). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that higher numbers of system or organ involvement in SLE, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and daily prednisolone of ≥ 1 mg/kg/day were the important associated factors of SDM (P ≤ 0.05). Meanwhile, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) use was associated with reduced SDM prevalence (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of SDM among SLE patients was 13% and Indians were more prone to develop SDM compared to other races. Higher numbers of system involvement, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and the use of oral prednisolone of ≥ 1 mg/kg/day were associated with SDM, while HCQ use potentially protects against SDM.
Single amino acid substitution in homogentisate 1,2‐dioxygenase is responsible for pigmentation in a subset of Burkholderia cepacia complex isolates
Authors: Gonyar Laura A. , Fankhauser Sarah C. , Goldberg Joanna B. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryThe Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a group of Gram‐negative bacilli that are ubiquitous in the environment and have emerged over the past 30 years as opportunistic pathogens in immunocompromised populations, specifically individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic granulomatous disease. This complex of at least 18 distinct species is phenotypically and genetically diverse. One phenotype observed in a subset of Burkholderia cenocepacia (a prominent Bcc pathogen) isolates is the ability to produce a melanin‐like pigment. Melanins have antioxidant properties and have been shown to act as virulence factors allowing pathogens to resist killing by the host immune system. The melanin‐like pigment expressed by B. cenocepacia is produced through tyrosine catabolism, specifically through the autoxidation and polymerization of homogentisate. Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315 is a CF clinical isolate that displays a pigmented phenotype when grown under normal laboratory conditions. We examined the amino acid sequences of critical enzymes in the melanin synthesis pathway in pigmented and non‐pigmented Bcc isolates, and found that an amino acid substitution of glycine for arginine at amino acid 378 in homogentisate 1,2‐dioxygenase correlated with pigment production; we identify this as one mechanism for expression of pigment in Bcc isolates.
The importance of lizards and small mammals as reservoirs for Borrelia lusitaniae in Portugal
Authors: Norte Ana Cláudia , Alves da Silva António , Alves Joana , da Silva Luís Pascoal , Núncio M. Sofia , Escudero Raquel , Anda Pedro , Ramos Jaime A. , Lopes de Carvalho Isabel 
Published: October 2014

SummaryBorrelia lusitaniae is a pathogen frequent in the Mediterranean area. Apart from lizards, evidence for birds and small mammals as competent reservoirs for this genospecies has been occasional. We collected questing ticks, skin biopsies and Ixodes sp. ticks feeding on lizards, birds and small mammals in a B. burgdorferi s.l. (sensu lato) enzootic area to assess their importance in the maintenance of B. lusitaniae. Borrelia lusitaniae was the most prevalent genospecies in questing ticks and was commonly found in larvae feeding on Psammodromus algirus. One biopsy infected with B. lusitaniae was collected from the tail of one Podarcis hispanica, which suggests systemic infection. Ixodes ricinus larvae feeding on Apodemus sylvaticus were infected with B. lusitaniae but with a lower prevalence. Our results reinforce the importance of lizards as reservoirs for B. lusitaniae, suggesting that P. algirus, in particular, acts as main reservoir for B. lusitaniae in Portugal.
Single Representative, Single Voice: Magical Thinking and the Representation of the EU on the World Stage
Authors: Novak Stéphanie 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIt is frequently argued that the EU should speak with a single voice on the international stage in order to play an effective role in the field of foreign policy. The representation of the EU by a single representative is often viewed as a remedy to this lack of a single voice. This article analyzes that argument and asks whether the relative disillusionment that followed the appointment of a president of the European Council and of a high representative of the EU suggests that stronger EU representation on the world stage is needed. The article argues that equating the institutionalization of a single representative with an ability on the part of the EU to speak with a single voice amounts to ‘magical thinking’ because no institutional engineering can overcome member states’ divisions. Furthermore, different successful cases of external action led by a few member states in spite of the lack of unanimity show that the single voice is an unhelpful myth. Lastly, the implementation of the Lisbon Treaty reforms reveals that the EU does not need stronger external representation and that any principle of representation relying on personalization should be dismissed as inadequate in the EU context.
Does Environmental Sustainability Contradict Prosperity?
Authors: Edenhofer Ottmar , Steckel Jan Christoph , Jakob Michael 
Published: October 2014

AbstractContinuous economic growth, understood as an increase of consumption, is often seen to be incompatible with ambitious climate protection. In this article we aim to structure the debate by asking two questions: is economic growth possible with regard to achieving ambitious climate targets? And, is economic growth desirable? We argue that foregoing economic growth would neither be sufficient to achieve ambitious climate targets, nor would it reduce the need of partially contested mitigation technologies, such as nuclear energy or Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS). In addition, we argue that economic growth should not be an end by itself but rather a means to achieve prosperity. We propose to define guardrails and specific goals for prosperity that need to be achieved, in analogy to the Millennium Development Goals. One example could be to provide minimum access levels to specific infrastructure services, e.g. access to water, electricity or sanitation. Their provision could be financed by revenues from taxing the overuse of (global) commons, e.g. a carbon tax.
Interaction effects between the 5‐hydroxy tryptamine transporter‐linked polymorphic region (5‐HTTLPR) genotype and family conflict on adolescent alcohol use and misuse
Authors: Kim Jueun , Park Aesoon , Glatt Stephen J. , Eckert Tanya L. , Vanable Peter A. , Scott‐Sheldon Lori A. J. , Carey Kate B. , Ewart Craig K. , Carey Michael P. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAimsTo investigate whether the effects of family conflict on adolescent drinking differed as a function of 5‐hydroxy tryptamine transporter‐linked polymorphic region (5‐HTTLPR) genotype cross‐sectionally and prospectively in two independent samples of adolescents.DesignPath analysis and multi‐group analysis of two prospective datasets were conducted.SettingsUnited States and United Kingdom.ParticipantsSample 1 was 175 adolescents in the United States (mean age = 15 at times 1 and 2 with a 6‐month interval); Sample 2 was 4916 adolescents in the United Kingdon (mean age = 12 at time 1 and 15 at time 2).MeasurementsIn both samples, demographics, tri‐allelic 5‐HTTLPR genotype and perceived family conflict were assessed at time 1. Alcohol use (frequency of drinking) and alcohol misuse (frequency of intoxication, frequency of drinking three or more drinks, maximum number of drinks) were assessed at times 1 and 2.FindingsA significant gene–environment interaction on alcohol misuse at time 1 was found in both sample 1 (β = 0.57, P = 0.001) and sample 2 (β = 0.19, P = 0.01), indicating that the 5‐HTTLPR low‐activity allele carriers exposed to higher levels of family conflict were more likely to engage in alcohol misuse than non‐carriers. A significant gene–environment interaction effect on change in alcohol misuse over time was found only in sample 1 (β = 0.48, P = 0.04) but not in sample 2.ConclusionsCompared with non‐carriers, adolescents carrying the 5‐HTTLPR low‐activity allele are more susceptible to the effects of family conflict on alcohol misuse.
Plain cigarette packs do not exert Pavlovian to instrumental transfer of control over tobacco‐seeking
Authors: Hogarth Lee , Maynard Olivia M. , Munafò Marcus R. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTAimsTo gain insight into the potential impact of plain tobacco packaging policy, two experiments were undertaken to test whether ‘prototype’ plain compared with branded UK cigarette pack stimuli would differentially elicit instrumental tobacco‐seeking in a nominal Pavlovian to instrumental transfer (PIT) procedure.Design, Setting and ParticipantsTwo experiments were undertaken at the University of Bristol UK, with a convenience sample of adult smokers (experiment 1, n = 23, experiment 2, n = 121).MeasurementIn both experiments, smokers were trained on a concurrent choice procedure in which two responses earned points for cigarettes and chocolate, respectively, before images of branded and plain packs were tested for capacity to elicit the tobacco‐seeking response in extinction. The primary outcome was percentage choice of the tobacco‐ over the chocolate‐seeking response in plain pack, branded pack and no‐stimulus conditions.FindingsBoth experiments found that branded packs primed a greater percentage of tobacco‐seeking (overall mean = 62%) than plain packs (overall mean = 53%) and the no‐stimulus condition (overall mean = 52%; Ps ≤ 0.01, ŋp2s ≥ 0.16), and that there was no difference in percentage tobacco‐seeking between plain packs and the no‐stimulus condition (Ps ≥ 0.17, ŋp2s ≤ 0.04). Plain tobacco packs showed an overall 9% reduction in the priming of a tobacco choice response compared to branded tobacco packs.ConclusionsPlain packaging may reduce smoking in current smokers by degrading cue‐elicited tobacco‐seeking.
Proteomic pattern changes associated with obesity‐induced asthenozoospermia
Authors: Liu Y. , Guo Y. , Song N. , Fan Y. , Li K. , Teng X. , Guo Q. , Ding Z. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryObesity, an increasingly frequent societal disease can also be accompanied by declines in spermatozoa quality and male subfecundity. To determine if there are obesity‐associated proteomic changes potentially affecting sperm quality and motility, differential proteomic analysis was performed on spermatozoa from both obesity‐associated asthenozoospermia and clinically healthy individuals, using a label‐free quantitative LC‐MS/MS approach. We resolved 1975 proteins in the human sperm proteome, amongst which, 105 proteins were less abundant, whereas 22 other proteins increased in obesity‐associated asthenozoospermia. Functional category analyses indicated that the differentially expressed proteins are mainly related to cytoskeletal regulation, vesicle biogenesis, metabolism, and protein degradation involved in spermiogenesis and sperm motility. Furthermore, declines in endoplasmic reticulum protein 57 (ERp57) and actin‐binding‐related protein T2 (ACTRT2) expression were verified by immunofluorescence, Western blot, and flow cytometry analyses. It is evident that ERp57 is localized in the acrosome region, neck and principal piece of human spermatozoa, whereas ACTRT2 is localized in the post‐acrosomal region and middle piece. Thus, these differences in protein expression in asthenozoospermia may contribute to the underlying sperm quality defects afflicting these individuals. Notably, declines in ERp57 and ACTRT2 expression in obesity‐associated asthenozoospermia may play critical roles in reducing sperm motility.
Small doses of droperidol do not present relevant torsadogenic actions: a double‐blind, ondansetron‐controlled study
Authors: Tracz Krzysztof , Owczuk Radosław 
Published: October 2014

AimDrugs used for postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis are believed to provoke torsadogenic changes in cardiac repolarization. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of small doses of droperidol on the parameters of cardiac repolarization, including the QTc interval and transmural dispersion of repolarization.MethodsA total of 75 patients were randomly allocated to receive 0.625 or 1.25 mg droperidol or 8 mg ondansetron. The QTc interval was calculated using Bazett's formula and the Framingham correction. The transmural dispersion of repolarization was determined as Tpeak–Tend time.ResultsTransient QT prolongation, corrected with both formulae, followed 1.25 mg of droperidol 10 min after administration. No change in the QTc value was observed in the other groups. When corrected with Bazett's formula, QTc was prolonged above 480 ms in two patients receiving 1.25 mg droperidol (at the 10th and 20th minute of the study) and in one receiving ondansetron. No patients developed a QTcB prolongation over 500 ms. No increase above 480 ms was observed relative to the Framingham correction method. There were no significant differences in the Tpeak–Tend time either between or within the groups.ConclusionIn men without cardiovascular disorders small doses (1.25 mg) of droperidol prophylaxis induced transient QTc prolongation without changes in transmural dispersion of repolarization. The apparently low risk of the drug applies only in low risk male patients with a low pro‐QTc score.
Hospital Care and Early Breastfeeding Outcomes Among Late Preterm, Early‐Term, and Term Infants
Authors: Goyal Neera K. , Attanasio Laura B. , Kozhimannil Katy B. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundCompared with term infants (39–41 weeks), early‐term (37–38 weeks) and late preterm (34–36 weeks) infants have increased breastfeeding difficulties. We evaluated how hospital practices affect breastfeeding by gestational age.MethodsThis Listening to Mothers III survey cohort included 1,860 mothers who delivered a 34–41‐week singleton from July 2011 to June 2012. High hospital support was defined as at least seven practices consistent with the Baby‐Friendly Hospital Initiative's Ten Steps for United States hospitals. Logistic regression tested mediating effects of hospital support on the relationship between gestational age and breastfeeding at 1 week postpartum.ResultsHigh hospital support was associated with increased exclusive breastfeeding (AOR 2.21 [95% CI 1.58–3.09]). Just 16.4 percent of late preterm infants experienced such support, compared with early‐term (37.9%) and term (30.7%) infants (p = 0.004). Although overall breastfeeding rates among late preterm, early‐term, and term infants were 87, 88, and 92 percent, respectively, (p = 0.21), late preterm versus term infants were less likely to exclusively breastfeed (39.8 vs. 62.3%, p = 0.002). Inclusion of hospital support in multivariable modeling did not attenuate the effect of late preterm gestation.DiscussionDifferences in practices do not account for decreased exclusive breastfeeding among late preterm infants. Hospital supportive practices increase the likelihood of any breastfeeding.
FGF23 is associated with disease severity and prognosis in chronic heart failure
Authors: Poelzl Gerhard , Trenkler Christian , Kliebhan Johannes , Wuertinger Philipp , Seger Christoph , Kaser Susanne , Mayer Gert , Pirklbauer Markus , Ulmer Hanno , Griesmacher Andrea 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundElevated levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are associated with incident heart failure in individuals with or without chronic kidney disease. We aimed to investigate the association between serum FGF23 concentrations and disease severity and long‐term outcome in patients with stable heart failure.Materials and methodsSerum levels of C‐term FGF23 (Ct‐FGF23) concentrations, inorganic phosphate (Pi), parathormone (PTH) and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were measured in 208 patients with nonischaemic heart failure (age 48 ± 15 years; 70% male; NYHA Class I 27·8%, NYHA Class II 43·4%, NYHA Class III/IV 28·8%; LV‐EF 34 ± 15%; eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1·73 m2 in 86%).ResultsMedian Ct‐FGF23 levels were 18·2 RU/mL (7·5–40·8RU/mL). A dose–response relationship was found between median Ct‐FGF23 levels and increasing NYHA class (I: 11·9 RU/mL, II: 15·8 RU/mL, III/IV: 38·8 RU/mL; P < 0·001). Ct‐FGF23 correlated with NTproBNP (r = 0·307, P < 0·001), central venous pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and inversely correlated with cardiac output after adjustment for renal function (eGFR) and Pi. LnCt‐FGF23 was related with the combined endpoint of death or heart transplantation (hazard ratio 1·452 [1·029–2·048]; P = 0·034) independent of Pi, PTH, 25(OH)D, age and sex.ConclusionThe phosphatonin FGF23 is strongly associated with disease severity and long‐term outcome in patients with nonischaemic heart failure and preserved renal function. Further studies are needed to evaluate the pathophysiologic role of FGF23 and its potential as a biomarker in heart failure.
Cash Limits, Hospital Prescribing and Shrinking Medical Jurisdiction
Authors: Jackson William J. , Paterson Audrey S. , Pong Christopher K. M. , Scarparo Simona 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn recent years substantial research effort has been applied to the study of the introduction of accounting logics into medical practice, but little of that effort has been applied to the area of the prescribing of medicines, especially in the hospital setting. This paper uses the sociology of the professions as a lens to analyse how policy and managerial initiatives promoting cost and budgetary concerns have affected medical jurisdiction and prescribing practice within the setting of Scottish acute hospitals. The findings suggest that the introduction of accounting logic is shrinking medical jurisdiction and stratifying the profession within the hospital setting.