bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A suicide attentional bias as implicit cognitive marker of suicide vulnerability in a high-risk sample
Authors: Brüdern Juliane , Spangenberg Lena , Stein Maria , Gold Helena , Forkmann Thomas , Stengler Katarina , Glaesmer Heide 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSuicide risk assessment based on self-report questionnaires is considered as problematic because risk states are dynamic and at-risk individuals may conceal suicidal intentions for several reasons. Therefore, recent research efforts increasingly focus on implicit risk markers such as the suicide attentional bias (SAB) measured with the Suicide Stroop Task (SST). However, most SST studies failed to demonstrate a SAB in individuals with suicide risk and repeatedly demonstrated insufficient psychometrics of the SST. This study aimed to investigate a SAB using a modified SST (M-SST) and to test its psychometric properties.MethodWe compared n = 61 healthy controls and a high-risk inpatient sample of n = 40 suicide ideators and n = 40 suicide attempters regarding interference scores of positive, negative and suicide-related words. Interference scores were calculated by subtracting the mean reaction time (mean RT) of the neutral words from the mean RT of the suicide-related words (mean RT Suicide –mean RT Neutral), resulting in a suicide-specific interference score. Similarly, interference scores were calculated for the positive and negative words by subtracting the mean RT of neutral words from the mean RT of positive and negative words.ResultsA Group × Interference ANOVA showed a significant interaction effect (p &lt;.001, ηp2 = .09), indicating that group effects significantly vary across interference type. Post hoc comparisons revealed that both ideators and attempters demonstrated greater interferences only for suicide-related words compared to healthy controls, indicating a SAB in patients, while a difference between ideators and attempters was lacking. The suicide interference score classified with an AUC = 0.73, 95% CI [0.65 – 0.82], p &lt;.001, between controls and patients with STBs. The M-SST demonstrated good internal consistency and convergent validity.DiscussionThe study adds evidence to the assumptions of the Cognitive Model of Suicide, viewing a SAB as a cognitive marker of suicide vulnerability independently of the engagement in suicidal behavior. The results’ clinical implications are discussed in the context of recommended intervention strategies during an acute suicidal state. Future studies with the M-SST should include non-suicidal patient controls to investigate whether a SAB is uniquely related to suicidality.
Targeting maternal gut microbiome to improve mental health outcomes—a pilot feasibility trial
Authors: Gallant Faith , Cooley Kieran , Grigoriadis Sophie , Ebrahimi Neda 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPerinatal depression and anxiety (PDA) is prevalent in new and expectant mothers, affecting millions of women worldwide. Those with a history of mood and anxiety disorders are at the greatest risk of experiencing PDA in a subsequent pregnancy. Current safety concerns with pharmacological treatments have led to a greater need for adjunctive treatment options for PDA. Changes in the composition of the microbiome have been associated with various diseases during pregnancy, and these changes are thought to play some role in perinatal mood disorders. While the relationship between PDA and the microbiome has not been explored, evidence suggests that nutritional interventions with fiber, fish oils, and probiotics may play a favorable role in neuropsychiatric outcomes during and after pregnancy. The primary objective of the present study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a combination of nonpharmacological interventions to maintain stability in pregnant women who have a history of depression and/or anxiety. This study will also aim to understand ease of recruitment and protocol adherence in this cohort.MethodsThis is a single-centered, partially randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind feasibility trial. One hundred pregnant women with a history of depression and/or anxiety/PDA will be recruited and randomized into one of four arms, which could include the following: receiving a daily dose of both investigational products and dietary counseling on increasing dietary fiber, receiving a daily dose of both investigational drugs only, receiving fish oil investigational product and placebo, and a control arm with no intervention. The study involves six study visits, all of which can be conducted virtually every 3 months from the time of enrollment. At all study visits, information on diet, mental health, physical activity, and sleep quality will be collected. Additionally, all participants will provide a stool sample at each visit.DiscussionIt is anticipated that pregnant women with a history of depression and anxiety will be particularly interested in partaking in this trial, resulting in favorable recruitment rates. Given the positive findings of omega-3 fatty acids (O3FAs) and probiotic supplements on mental health symptoms in nonpregnant adults, we expect a similar trend in PDA symptoms, with a low likelihood of adverse events. This study will build the foundation for larger powered studies to further contribute evidence for the efficacy of this potential preventative treatment option.Trial registrationThis trial was registered at ClinicalTrials/gov on October 6, 2023; NCT06074250. Trial Sponsor: The Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave E, Toronto, ON M2K 1E2, 416-498-1255.
The influence of COVID-19 pandemic on body mass and cardiopulmonary endurance of Chinese adolescents: a longitudinal follow-up study
Authors: Cheng Hao , Jiao Long , Liu Bin 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundWith the spread and spread of COVID-19 around the world, youth’s learning, lifestyle and health have been greatly affected. Based on the current research, there is no adequate analysis of the development of young people’s physique and heart and lung health during COVID-19, and there is a lack of relevant targeted research. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of BMI and Maximum Oxygen Absorption (VO2max) in 12–14 year old teenagers before and after COVID-19.MethodThe BMI, 1,000/800 m running time and associated data related to 29,813 individuals between 2019 and 2022 were collected by cluster sampling, and the changes of BMI Z and VO2max before and after the outbreak were analyzed. Moreover, the relationship between BMI and cardiovascular endurance was analyzed by means of multi-linear stepwise regression.ResultsThe covariance analysis models indicated that compared with 2019, adolescent weight, BMI, and 1,000/800 m running time showed varying degrees of growth in 2020, while lung capacity decreased. All indicators achieved rapid rebound in 2021 and 2022 (p &lt; 0.01); the one-way analysis of variance models indicated that The BMI Z score and VO2max of adolescents showed growth and decline in 2020, respectively, and achieved rapid recovery and development in 2021 and 2022 (p &lt; 0.01). The results of the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis indicate that, after the years of BMI Z and novel coronavirus infection were included (△R2 = 0.179), adolescents’ overweight and obesity were positively correlated with the maximum oxygen uptake (B = 0.643, 95%CI = 0.634 ~ 0.652); There is a negative correlation between weight loss and maximum oxygen uptake (B = −0.510, 95%CI = −0.537~−0.484); The year of novel coronavirus infection was positively correlated with the maximum oxygen uptake of adolescents (B = 0.116, 95%CI = 0.107~0.125).ConclusionThis study shows that the impact of COVID-19 on BMI and heart and lung health in adolescents is significant. Young people of all ages and sexes showed similar developmental trends.
Ergonomics in the operating room and surgical training: a survey on the Italian scenario
Authors: Restaino Stefano , D’Indinosante Marco , Perelli Federica , Arcieri Martina , Cherchi Vittorio , Petrillo Marco , Cavaliere Anna Franca , Cianci Stefano , Pellecchia Giulia , Meniconi Roberto Luca , Coppola Alessandro , Chiantera Vito , Scambia Giovanni , Driul Lorenza , Vizzielli Giuseppe ,   SPIGC Working Group
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSurgical-related injuries are frequent, in fact the reported percentage of musculoskeletal disorders in surgeons is between 47% and 87%. These conditions are caused by long periods of standing, incorrect postures, repeated movements, little rest between operations, the lack of integrated operator rooms, the correct number and arrangement of monitors and the use of non-ergonomic instruments. This survey aims to assess the Italian overview both highlighting how prevalent surgical-related injury is in our surgeons and whether there is an operating room ergonomics education program in Italian surgical specialty schools.MethodsAn anonymous questionnaire was designed through SurveyMonkey© web application. This survey was composed of 3 different sections concerning the general characteristics of the participants, their surgical background and any training performed, and any injuries or ailments related to the surgical activity. The survey was carried out in the period 1th of December 2022 and the 6th of February 2023.ResultsAt the close of our survey, 300 responses were collected. Among the participants, the two most represented specialties were Gynecology and Obstetrics (42.3%) and General Surgery (39.7%) and surgeons were mainly employed in the Northern regions of Italy (54.8%). Analyzing the participants’ background, 61.7% of the respondents had laparoscopic training during their training and only 53.1% had a pelvic trainer during their residency. In accordance with 98.7% of the respondents, during surgery we have the feeling of being in an uncomfortable position that causes discomfort or muscle pain, and regarding the frequency of these discomforts, the majority of our study population experiences these problems monthly (46.2%), while in 29.6% it is experienced weekly, 12.1% annually and finally 12.1% daily. The surgical approach that is most correlated with these disorders is laparoscopy (62.7%) while the one that causes the least discomfort is robotic surgery (1.4%). These discomforts cause 43.9% of our population to take a break or do short exercises to reduce pain during surgery, and the body areas most affected are the back (61.6%), neck (40.6%) and shoulders (37.8%).ConclusionDespite this, our survey allows us to highlight some now-known gaps present in the surgical training program of our schools and the lack of protection toward our surgeons during their long career.
Person-centered aural rehabilitation program improved mood, cognition, and auditory processing in a professional musician who uses a hearing aid and cochlear implant: Case Report
Authors: Brennan Christine , Spence-Olson McKenna , Cormier Kayla , Tennant Sherri , Sharma Anu 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAural rehabilitation focused on music for individuals with cochlear implants (CIs) and/or hearing aids (HAs) typically emphasizes perceptual skills rather than enjoyment of music. Yet, those with CIs and/or HAs often struggle to enjoy music, complaining that it sounds distorted with the implant or HAs. Typically, aural rehabilitation programs require a significant time commitment, but this may not be feasible or preferable for many patients. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two individualized intensive 3-week home practice programs focused on enjoyment of music, a personal goal for this subject.MethodsThe subject was a professional musician who used a CI and HA. Cognitive measures of global cognitive function, executive function, processing speed, auditory working memory, visual-spatial abilities, verbal fluency, and auditory-verbal memory, as well as auditory electrophysiology (EEG) measures were conducted pre-post experiment 2. Two experiments were undertaken to evaluate responses to two practice programs that incorporated different variations in listening dosage and intervention activities.ResultsExperiment 1 resulted in minimal measurable improvements related to music likability ratings, with the highest dosage condition showing a small increase in average likability rating from baseline to week 3. The results of experiment 2 revealed an improvement in likability ratings only when dosage steadily increased each week. The subject also reported improved mood and decreased frustration during weeks two and three of experiment 2. Finally, we found improvement pre-post experiment 2 on several cognitive and EEG measures.DiscussionThe results of these experiments are encouraging and support the use of an individualized, person-centered, and semi-structured home practice program to increase music enjoyment and improve quality of life and auditory processing for individuals with hearing loss. Future studies should aim to increase sample size and explore pairing person-centered home practice programs with concurrent clinician-lead aural rehabilitation.
Unexpected judgments: the role of gender identity and provocation on blame and affect in a mock jury paradigm
Authors: Totton Rebecca R. , McKeon Kayla 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPanic defenses are a form of legal defense positing that a defendant is less culpable for their crime because of an extreme emotional reaction. However, limited research has examined the use of panic defenses when the victim is a transgender individual.MethodsIn two studies (Total N = 995) previously existing scales and vignettes were used to evaluate perceptions of panic defenses when the victim was a transgender woman, transgender man, or a gay man. Study 1 (N = 557) used a 2 (sexual provocation or non-sexual provocation) x 3 (transgender woman, transgender man, or gay man victim) design to evaluate perceptions of victim blame, negative affect, and perception that the crime was a hate crime.ResultsContrary to demographic data trends, Study 1 found that transgender women were rated more positively as victims, were blamed less than transgender men or gay men, and that the crime was more likely to be labeled as a hate crime. Study 2 (N = 438) was a replication of Study 1. While the results were largely non-significant, the trend in means was in the same direction as the findings of Study 1.DiscussionWe argue that these findings, despite not being in line with broader data on the topic, are important evidence that anti-transgender research, particularly in mock jury settings, may need to reimagine existing designs and vignettes to understand rates of violence and discrimination toward transgender communities.
Evolution of Esophageal Cancer Incidence Patterns in Hong Kong, 1992-2021: An Age-Period-Cohort and Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Wang Lijun , Du Jianqiang , Sun Haifeng 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveTo elucidate the historical trends, underlying causes and future projections of esophageal cancer incidence in Hong Kong.MethodsUtilizing the Age-Period-Cohort (APC) model, we analyzed data from the Hong Kong Cancer Registry (1992–2021) and United Nations World Population Prospects 2022 Revision. Age-standardized incidence rates were computed, and APC models evaluated age, period, and cohort effects. Bayesian APC modeling, coupled with decomposition analysis, projected future trends and identified factors influencing incidence.ResultsBetween 1992 and 2021, both crude and age-standardized incidence rates of esophageal cancer witnessed significant declines. Net drifts exhibited pronounced downward trends for both sexes, with local drift diminishing across all age groups. Period and cohort rate ratios displayed a consistent monotonic decline for both sexes. Projections indicate a continued decline in esophageal cancer incidence. Population decomposition analysis revealed that epidemiological changes offset the increase in esophageal cancer cases due to population growth and aging.ConclusionThe declining trend of esophageal cancer in Hong Kong is influenced by a combination of age, period, and cohort. Sustaining and enhancing these positive trends requires continuous efforts in public health interventions.
Impact of Blood Pressure on Allograft Function and Survival in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Kim Hyo Jeong , Kim Kyung Won , Joo Young Su , Ryu Junghwa , Jung Hee-Yeon , Jeong Kyung Hwan , Kim Myung-Gyu , Ju Man Ki , Han Seungyeup , Lee Jong Soo , Kang Kyung Pyo , Ro Han , Lee Kyo Won , Huh Kyu Ha , Kim Myoung Soo , Kim Beom Seok , Yang Jaeseok 
Published: August 2024

The optimal target blood pressure for kidney transplant (KT) patients remains unclear. We included 808 KT patients from the KNOW-KT as a discovery set, and 1,294 KT patients from the KOTRY as a validation set. The main exposures were baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 1 year after KT and time-varying SBP. Patients were classified into five groups: SBP &lt;110; 110–119; 120–129; 130–139; and ≥140 mmHg. SBP trajectories were classified into decreasing, stable, and increasing groups. Primary outcome was composite kidney outcome of ≥50% decrease in eGFR or death-censored graft loss. Compared with the 110–119 mmHg group, both the lowest (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.43) and the highest SBP (aHR, 2.25) were associated with a higher risk of composite kidney outcome. In time-varying model, also the lowest (aHR, 3.02) and the highest SBP (aHR, 3.60) were associated with a higher risk. In the trajectory model, an increasing SBP trajectory was associated with a higher risk than a stable SBP trajectory (aHR, 2.26). This associations were consistent in the validation set. In conclusion, SBP ≥140 mmHg and an increasing SBP trajectory were associated with a higher risk of allograft dysfunction and failure in KT patients.
Genome-Wide Identification of Caffeic Acid O-Methyltransferase Gene Family in Medicago truncatula: MtCOMT13-Mediated Salt and Drought Tolerance Enhancement
Authors: Cui Kailun , Lv Yanzhen , Zhang Zhao , Sun Qingying , Yao Xingjie , Yan Huifang 
Published: August 2024

Legumes are important grains and forages, providing high-quality proteins, vitamins, and micronutrients to humans and animals. Medicago truncatula is a close relative of alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), a key gene that is identified to be essential for melatonin synthesis, plays a significant role in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. However, a systematic study on the COMT gene family in M. truncatula has still not been reported. In this study, 63 MtCOMT genes were identified and categorized into three groups. Gene structure and conserved motif analyses revealed the relative conservation of closely clustered MtCOMTs within each group. Duplicated events in MtCOMT members were identified, and segmental duplication was the main mean. Cis-acting element prediction revealed the involvement of MtCOMTs in growth and development and response to light, stress, and plant hormones. RNA-seq data analysis showed that 57 MtCOMTs varied under salt and drought stresses. The RT-qPCR expression patterns showed that MtCOMT9, MtCOMT13, MtCOMT22, MtCOMT24, MtCOMT43, and MtCOMT46 were related to salt and drought responses in M. truncatula. Additionally, Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing MtCOMT13 displayed superior plant growth phenotypes and enhanced tolerance to salt and drought stresses through higher photosynthetic parameters and activities of antioxidant enzymes, which indicated that MtCOMT13 played an important role in positively regulating plant salt and drought tolerance. These findings contribute to an improved understanding of MtCOMTs’ roles in abiotic stress responses in M. truncatula, providing an important theoretical basis and genetic resource for legume species resistance breeding in the future.
PENGARUH FREE CASH FLOW DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR LAINNYA TERHADAP EARNINGS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Nurfaidilla Aninda Okta , Susanti Apit 
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of free cash flow, profitability, institutional ownership, leverage, board of commissioners, sales growth, and firm size on earnings management. This study used 74 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during period 2019 - 2021 as samples with a total sample data is 222 data. The sample selection process uses the purposive sampling method and uses the multiple regression method in testing hypotheses. The empirical evidence obtained regarding the results of this study shows that free cash flow, profitability, and leverage have an influence on earnings management. If the free cash flow, profitability, and leverage owned in a company are high, the level of earnings management is also high. In this study, the institutional ownership, board of commissioners, leverage and firm size had no influence on earnings management.
Thе divеrsity of thе sitеs (plаcеs of mеmory) of Russiа. Pаrt 1: Cеntrаl Fеdеrаl District of thе Russiаn Fеdеrаtion
Authors: Гусев С.В. , Загорулько А.В. 
Published: August 2024

Достопримечательные места как регионального, так и федерального значения, поставленные на охрану в каждом субъекте РФ отражают культурное разнообразие регионов и отличались по составу, категориям охраны и режимам содержания. В целом они отражали региональную культурную политику, тесно связанную с региональным самосознанием и идентификацией. Краткий обзор достопримечательных мест субъектов Федерации Центрального федерального округа дает представление о специфике каждого региона, выраженной в составе достопримечательных мест.
Plаcеs of intеrеst аs rеgionаl, аs wеll аs fеdеrаl, providеd for protеction in еаch subjеct of thе Russiаn Fеdеrаtion rеflеct thе culturаl divеrsity of thе rеgions. In gеnеrаl, thеy rеflеctеd а rеgionаl culturаl policy, closеly rеlаtеd to rеgionаl idеntity. А briеf ovеrviеw of thе sitеs of Cеntrаl Fеdеrаl District of Russiаn Fеdеrаtion shows thе spеcifics of еаch rеgion еxprеssеd in tеrms of thе sitеs plаcеs of mеmory.
Culture of the Russian world in the geopolitical dimension
Authors: Селезнева Е.Н. 
Published: August 2024

В статье раскрываются основные проблемы, связанные с сохранением и развитием культуры Русского мира особое внимание уделено роли русской культуры в современном мире.
The article reveals the main problems related to preservation and development of culture of the Russian world special attention is paid to the role of Russian culture in the modern world.
Using the historical and cultural potential of the territory in organizing thematic historical parks
Authors: Нельзина О.Ю. 
Published: August 2024

В статье рассмотрены возможности создания тематических исторических парков на территориях, обладающих историко-культурным потенциалом. Парки подобного типа успешно популяризуют имидж регионов, повышают их привлекательность для туристов. Одновременно рассматриваемые территории являются интересными для инвесторов, при строительстве объектов такого рода происходит повышение качества жизни местного населения. В целом, территория Российской Федерации обладает необходимыми финансовыми и нефинансовыми ресурсами для создания тематических исторических парков.
The article considers the possibility of creating thematic historical parks in the territories with historical and cultural potential. Parks of this type successfully popularize the image of regions, increase their attractiveness for tourists. At the same time, the territories under consideration are interesting for investors, while the construction of such facilities improves the quality of life of the local population. In General, the territory of the Russian Federation has the necessary financial and non-financial resources to create thematic historical parks.