bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allelic effects on starch structure and properties of six starch biosynthetic genes in a rice recombinant inbred line population
Authors: Luo Jixun , Jobling Stephen A , Millar Anthony , Morell Matthew K , Li Zhongyi 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Background
The genetic diversity of six starch biosynthetic genes (Wx, SSI, SSIIa, SBEI, SBEIIa and SBEIIb) in indica and japonica rices opens an opportunity to produce a new variety with more favourable grain starch quality. However, there is limited information about the effects of these six gene allele combinations on starch structure and properties. A recombinant inbred line population from a cross between indica and japonica varieties offers opportunities to combine specific alleles of the six genes.

Results
The allelic (indica vs japonica) effects of six starch biosynthetic genes on starch structure, functional properties, and abundance of granule bound proteins in rice grains were investigated in a common genetic background using a recombinant inbred line population. The indica Wx (Wxi) allele played a major role while indica SSI (SSIi), japonica SSIIa (SSIIaj) and indica SBEI (SBEIi) alleles had minor roles on the increase of amylose content. SSIIaj and japonica SBEIIb (SBEIIbj) alleles had a major and a minor role on high ratio of ∑DP ≤ 10 to ∑DP ≤ 24 fractions (RCL10/24), respectively. Both major alleles (Wxi and SSIIaj) reduced peak viscosity (PV), onset, peak and end gelatinization temperatures (GTs) of amylopectin, and increased amylose-lipid complex dissociation enthalpy compared with their counterpart-alleles, respectively. SBEIIai and SBEIIbj decreased PV, whereas SSIi and SBEIIbj decreased FV. SBEIi reduced setback viscosity and gelatinization enthalpy. RCL10/24 of chain length distribution in amylopectin is negatively correlated with PV and BD of paste property and GTs of thermal properties. We also report RILs with superior starch properties combining Wxi, SSIj, SSIIaj, SBEIi and SBEIIbj alleles. Additionally, a clear relation is drawn to starch biosynthetic gene alleles, starch structure, properties, and abundance of granule bound starch biosynthetic enzymes inside starch granules.

Conclusions
Rice Wxi and SSIIaj alleles play major roles, while SSIi, SBEIi, SBEIIai and SBEIIbj alleles have minor roles in the determination of starch properties between indica and japonica rice through starch structural modification. The combination of these alleles is a key factor for starch quality improvement in rice breeding programs. RCL10/24 value is critical for starch structure and property determination.
Relation of Clinical Response and Minimal Residual Disease and Their Prognostic Impact on Outcome in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Chen Xueyan , Xie Hu , Wood Brent L. , Walter Roland B. , Pagel John M. , Becker Pamela S. , Sandhu Vicky K. , Abkowitz Janis L. , Appelbaum Frederick R. , Estey Elihu H. 
Published: March 2015

Purpose Both presence of minimal residual disease (MRD) and achievement of complete remission (CR) with incomplete platelet recovery (CRp) rather than CR after induction therapy predict relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These results suggest a correlation between response (peripheral count recovery) and MRD at the time of morphologic remission. Here we examine this hypothesis and whether MRD and response provide independent prognostic information after accounting for other relevant covariates. Patients and Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 245 adults with AML who achieved CR, CRp, or CR with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) after induction therapy. Bone marrow samples were collected on or closest to the first date of blood count recovery, and MRD was determined by 10-color multiparameter flow cytometry. Results The 71.0% of patients who achieved CR had MRD less frequently and had lower levels of MRD than the 19.6% of patients achieving CRp and 9.4% achieving CRi. Although pretreatment covariates such as cytogenetics, monosomal karyotype, relapsed or refractory rather than newly diagnosed AML, and FLT3 internal tandem duplication were associated with relapse, their prognostic effect was much lower once MRD and response were taken into account, the univariable statistical effect of which was not materially affected by inclusion of pretreatment covariates. Conclusion Our data indicate that post-therapy parameters including MRD status and response are important independent prognostic factors for outcome in patients with AML achieving remission. MRD status and type of response (CR v CRp or CRi) should play important, and perhaps dominant, roles in planning postinduction therapy.
Risk and Timing of Cardiovascular Disease After Androgen-Deprivation Therapy in Men With Prostate Cancer
Authors: O'Farrell Sean , Garmo Hans , Holmberg Lars , Adolfsson Jan , Stattin Pär , Van Hemelrijck Mieke 
Published: March 2015

Purpose Findings on the association between risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the duration and type of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) in men with prostate cancer (PCa) are inconsistent. Methods By using data on filled drug prescriptions in Swedish national health care registers, we investigated the risk of CVD in a cohort of 41,362 men with PCa on ADT compared with an age-matched, PCa-free comparison cohort (n = 187,785) by use of multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results From 2006 to 2012, 10,656 men were on antiandrogens (AA), 26,959 were on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, and 3,747 underwent surgical orchiectomy. CVD risk was increased in men on GnRH agonists compared with the comparison cohort (hazard ratio [HR] of incident CVD, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.25; and orchiectomy: HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.25). Men with PCa on AA were at decreased risk (HR of incident CVD, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.91). CVD risk was highest during the first 6 months of ADT in men who experienced two or more cardiovascular events before therapy, with an HR of CVD during the first 6 months of GnRH agonist therapy of 1.91 (95% CI, 1.66 to 2.20), an HR of CVD with AA of 1.60 (95% CI, 1.24 to 2.06), and an HR of CVD with orchiectomy of 1.79 (95% CI, 1.16 to 2.76) versus the comparison cohort. Conclusion Our results support that there should be a solid indication for ADT in men with PCa so that benefit outweighs potential harm; this is of particular importance among men with a recent history of CVD.
Phylogenetic relationships of Coronidium, Xerochrysum and several neglected Australian species of “Helichrysum” (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae)
Authors: Schmidt-Lebuhn Alexander N. , Bruhl Jeremy J. , Telford Ian R.H. , Wilson Paul G. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA molecular phylogeny of selected Australian native Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae) is inferred from nuclear ribosomal ETS and ITS and chloroplast matK‐psbA, psbA‐trnH and ycf6‐psbM sequences to test the reciprocal monophyly of the genera Coronidium and Xerochrysum and to taxonomically place several species currently treated as part of Helichrysum. Ribosomal and chloroplast phylogenies are topologically incongruent, but the latter are poorly resolved and poorly supported. Ribosomal and total evidence data suggest that the C. scorpioides group makes Coronidium in its current circumscription polyphyletic. Even without this species group, remaining Coronidium is inferred to be paraphyletic to Xerochrysum. Helichrysum macranthum and H. milligani are shown to be part of Xerochrysum and formally transferred to that genus. A lectotype is designated for H. milliganii. Helichrysum leucopsideum is shown to be affiliated with C. adenophorum and C. waddelliae while H. rutidolepis is confirmed to be part of the C. scorpioides group. In contrast, the affiliations of H. calvertianum, H. oligochaetum and H. pumilum cannot currently be resolved with confidence.
Using Visual Art Works As a Means for Improving Primary School Students’ Skills to Connected Speech
Authors: Виноградова  , Vinogradova Natalya 
Published: March 2015

The article discusses problems of a child’s adaptation to school life and psychological features of first graders. teachersare advised on formingthe
sustained cognitive interestin 7-year old children, developing the motivation to study, and creatingthe conditions for positive emotional attitude
to school.
How to Design Lessons for the Course of “Basics of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics” (4th grade)
Authors: Пиманова  , Pimanova Lyubov 
Published: March 2015

The paper outlines the integrative approach to teaching the course of “Basics of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics” at primary school.
According to this approach the first steps to be taken in the process of studying religious and secular culture are to get acquainted with traditions
and customs of various peoples, living in Russia. Using one of the course topics as the case study, the author describes possible structures and ways
to organize primary school students to perform various kinds of activities.
Modelling the Сontent of personal and meta-subject results of training (on the example of subject domain “Physical culture”)
Authors: Науменко  , Naumenko Yuriy 
Published: March 2015

the article reveals the content of the training that provide implementation of requirements of the Federal state educational standard which
sometimes causes serious difficulties at elementary school. The author offers one of the options of interpreting the content of personal and metasubject
results that can help teachers of physical culture to create conditions for implementing the Standard considering the specifics of P.E. at
elementary school.
Validation of the translated Oxford ankle foot questionnaire in 82 Danish children aged between five and 16 years
Authors: Martinkevich P. , Møller-Madsen B. , Gottliebsen M. , Kjeldgaard Pedersen L. , Rahbek O. 
Published: March 2015

We present the validation of a translation into Danish of the Oxford ankle foot questionnaire (OxAFQ). We followed the Isis Pros guidelines for translation and pilot-tested the questionnaire on ten children and their parents. Following modifications we tested the validity of the final questionnaire on 82 children (36 boys and 45 girls) with a mean age of 11.7 years (5.5 to 16.0) and their parents. We tested the reliability (repeatability (test–retest), child–parent agreement, internal consistency), feasibility (response rate, time to completion, floor and ceiling effects) and construct validity. The generic child health questionnaire was used for comparison. We found good internal consistency for the physical and the school and play domains, but lower internal consistency for the emotional domain. Overall, good repeatability was found within children and parents as well as agreement between children and parents. The OxAFQ was fast and easy to complete, but we observed a tendency towards ceiling effects in the school and play and emotional domains. To our knowledge this is the first independent validation of the OxAFQ in any language. We found it valid and feasible for use in the clinic to assess the impact on children’s lives of foot and/or ankle disorders. It is a valuable research tool. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:420–6.
A self-centring osteotomy of the tibial tubercle for patellar maltracking or instability
Authors: Tigchelaar S. , van Essen P. , Bénard M. , Koëter S. , Wymenga A. 
Published: March 2015

An increased tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is related to patellar maltracking and instability. Tibial tubercle transfer is a common treatment option for these patients with good short-term results, although the results can deteriorate over time owing to the progression of osteoarthritis. We present a ten-year follow-up study of a self-centring tibial tubercle osteotomy in 60 knees, 30 with maltracking and 30 with patellar instability. Inclusion criteria were a TT-TG ≥ 15 mm and symptoms for > one year. One patient (one knee) was lost to follow-up and one required total knee arthroplasty because of progressive osteoarthritis. Further patellar dislocations occurred in three knees, all in the instability group, one of which required further surgery. The mean visual analogue scores for pain, and Lysholm and Kujala scores improved significantly and were maintained at the final follow-up (repeated measures, p = 0.000, intergroup differences p = 0.449). Signs of maltracking were found in only a minority of patients, with no difference between groups (p > 0.05). An increase in patellofemoral osteoarthritis was seen in 16 knees (31%) with a maximum of grade 2 on the Kellgren–Lawrence scale. The mean increase in grades was 0.31 (0 to 2) and 0.41 (0 to 2) in the maltracking and instability groups respectively (p = 0.2285)This self-centring tibial tubercle osteotomy provides good results at ten years’ follow-up without inducing progressive osteoarthritis.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:329–36.
Treatment of osteochondral lesions in the knee using a cell-free scaffold
Authors: Verdonk P. , Dhollander A. , Almqvist K. F. , Verdonk R. , Victor J. 
Published: March 2015

The treatment of osteochondral lesions is of great interest to orthopaedic surgeons because most lesions do not heal spontaneously. We present the short-term clinical outcome and MRI findings of a cell-free scaffold used for the treatment of these lesions in the knee. A total of 38 patients were prospectively evaluated clinically for two years following treatment with an osteochondral nanostructured biomimetic scaffold. There were 23 men and 15 women; the mean age of the patients was 30.5 years (15 to 64). Clinical outcome was assessed using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the Tegner activity scale and a Visual Analgue scale for pain. MRI data were analysed based on the Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) scoring system at three, 12 and 24 months post-operatively. There was a continuous significant clinical improvement after surgery. In two patients, the scaffold treatment failed (5.3%) There was a statistically significant improvement in the MOCART precentage scores. The repair tissue filled most of the defect sufficiently. We found subchondral laminar changes in all patients. Intralesional osteophytes were found in two patients (5.3%). We conclude that this one-step scaffold-based technique can be used for osteochondral repair. The surgical technique is straightforward, and the clinical results are promising. The MRI aspects of the repair tissue continue to evolve during the first two years after surgery. However, the subchondral laminar and bone changes are a concern.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015; 97-B:318–23.
Prenatal diagnosis of periventricular venous infarction in utero: a case with hereditary protein C deficiency
Authors: Otera Yuka , Yumoto Yasuo , Ochiai Masayuki , Yamashita Koji , Kato Kiyoko 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
A 36-year-old primigravida woman with a normal pregnancy course presented with fetal unilateral focal ventriculomegaly on routine ultrasonography performed at 28 weeks of gestation. Periventricular venous infarction (PVI) in utero was diagnosed with fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The neonate was born at term uneventfully and in utero PVI was confirmed by MRI after birth. The neonate was diagnosed with hereditary protein C deficiency after coagulation laboratory studies. At 10 months of age, the infant presented with mild retardation of motor development. This is the first report about prenatally diagnosed PVI in utero by fetal MRI. When focal, unilateral enlargement of the ventricles is detected in utero by prenatal ultrasonography, it is important to consider PVI and perform confirmatory fetal MRI.
Effect of autoclave process on the quality of thermoplastic composite truncated cones manufactured using automated fiber placement technique
Authors: Shadmehri Farjad , Cai Xiao , Hojjati Mehdi , Chen Jihua , Hoa Suong V. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn order to investigate the effect of autoclave process on the stiffness properties of thermoplastic composite truncated cones made by automated fiber placement technique (AFP), two short truncated cones were made out of advanced thermoplastic composite material (carbon fiber/PEEK). Then, the truncated cones were tested by impulse excitation of vibration to get experimental natural frequencies. Tensile and compression test coupons were made out of the same material using hand layup and autoclave process, and stiffness properties were characterized experimentally. Furthermore, finite element analysis was performed to extract theoretical natural frequencies using material properties obtained from coupon testing. Comparison between the natural frequencies obtained using the finite element method and experimental modal analysis was conducted. Furthermore, the two truncated cones were treated inside the autoclave, and changes in the thickness and density were measured. After autoclave treatment, experimental modal analysis was repeated to investigate the possible changes in natural frequencies. The finite element model was also updated upon the changes in thickness and density of the truncated cones, and consequently, comparison between the theoretical and experimental natural frequencies was carried out again. Also, micrographs of two truncated cones were taken before and after autoclave treatment to examine the autoclave effect on the quality of the samples.
Resonanzfreie Messung und Anregung von Ultraschall
Authors: Daschewski Maxim , Kreutzbruck Marc , Prager Jens , Dohse Elmar , Gaal Mate , Harrer Andrea 
Published: March 2015

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag präsentieren wir innovative
Methoden für die breitbandige und resonanzfreie Messung und Anregung von
Ultraschall. Das Messverfahren verwendet eine
Kunststofffolie und ein Laser-Vibrometer als
breitbandigen und resonanzfreien Empfänger. Im
Allgemeinen ermöglicht dieses Verfahren eine präzise Messung der
Schallschnelle und des Schalldruckes in beliebigen,
für das Laserlicht transparenten Flüssigkeiten und Gasen mit
bekannter Dichte und Schallgeschwindigkeit. Das
resonanzfreie Senden von Ultraschall basiert auf einem
elektro-thermo-akustischen
Wandlerprinzip und ermöglicht, im Gegensatz zu
herkömmlichen Ultraschallwandlern, die Erzeugung von
beliebig geformten akustischen Signalen ohne Resonanzen und ohne
Nachschwingen.
Mehrträger-Ultraschall-Kommunikation für die Innenraum-Lokalisierung
Authors: Ens Alexander , Reindl Leonhard M. 
Published: March 2015

Zusammenfassung
Unsynchronisierte Ultraschall-Lokalisierungssysteme ermöglichen
dezentrale Positionsbestimmungen, unabhängig von Steuerleitungen oder
-signalen. Somit benötigt das gesendete Signal zusätzliche
Informationen über den Sender. Auf diese Weise ist eine kostengünstige
Messung der Verschiebung mehrerer Objekte in zwei Dimensionen möglich.
Störungen durch Echos werden durch die Aufteilung der Daten im
orthogonalen Frequenz-Multiplex (OFDM) auf das Ultraschall-Signal
reduziert. Bei der Verwendung zweier Trägerfrequenzen zur
Entfernungsmessung wird eine Standardabweichung von 0,4 mm
erreicht. Die Kommunikation mit 5,7 kBaud ist bis zu einer Reichweite
von 18 m möglich.
Der Rotationszustand der Sonne
Authors: Temesváry Stefan 
Published: March 2015

Die Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Sonnenrotation werden untersucht unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Folgerungen, die sich aus dem ständigen Verlust an Rotationsmoment ergeben. Es wird gezeigt, daß, wenn zu dem durch die Strahlung bedingten Anteil noch eine Abbremsung durch das interplanetarische Medium hinzukommt, anschließend an die Wasserstoffkonvektionszone noch eine Zone existieren kann, in der Rotationsinstabilität herrscht. Ob diese Instabilität eine turbulente Strömungsform bedingt oder das Auftreten von stationären Zirkulationen zur Folge hat, läßt sich theoretisch nicht streng entscheiden. Die Existenz und die Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Sonnenflecken sprechen aber eher für die letztere Annahme. Die Wanderung der bevorzugten Fleckenzone innerhalb des elfjährigen Zyklus kann als die Folge einer großräumigen Zirkulation gedeutet werden, deren Geschwindigkeit zusammen mit der kinematischen Zähigkeit in der Wasserstoffkonvektionszone das an der Oberfläche beobachtete Rotationsgesetz bestimmt.
Insgesamt ergibt sich für die äußeren Teile der Sonne eine Zunahme der Winkelgeschwindigkeit nach innen hin. Im tieferen Innern dagegen hängt deren Verteilung mit ab von dem unbekannten Anfangszustand der Sonne, die noch nicht so alt ist, als daß die dort herrschende Viskosität sowie der Strahlungsstrom einen definierten Endzustand herbeigeführt haben könnten. Aus diesem Grund werden noch einige andere Kriterien herangezogen, um eine obere Grenze für die Winkelgeschwindigkeit im tieferen Innern und damit für den Gesamtdrehimpuls der Sonne zu erhalten.
Notizen: ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEN AUS BAND 7b
Authors: Korsching H. 
Published: March 2015

Es wird eine Methode beschrieben, die die Trennung zweier gelöster Stoffe in gleiche Anteile mit etwa gleicher Trennung erlaubt. Eine dazu geeignete Apparatur wird angegeben und ihre Wirkungsweise bei dem Gemisch Phenanthren-9-Brom-phenanthren in Benzol beschrieben.
* erscheint demnächst in dieser Z., Bd. 7 b.
Über die strahlungslosen Eigenschwingungen einer leitenden Kugel, die von einer Luftschicht und einer Ionosphärenhülle umgeben ist
Authors: Schumann W. O. 
Published: March 2015

Es werden die nicht nach außen strahlenden Eigenfrequenzen einer gut leitenden Kugel für Bφ-, Eρ- und Eθ-Wellen bestimmt, die von einer relativ zum Kugelradius dünnen Luftschicht umgeben ist, an die außen eine homogene Plasmaatmosphäre ohne Stoßdämpfung grenzt. Die tiefste Eigenfrequenz ungedämpfter Schwingungen ωei liegt zwischen Null und ωei = √2c/r je nach der relativen Dicke der Luftschicht und der Plasmaeigenfrequenz ω0. Für irdische Dimensionen liegt ωei nahe dem oberen Wert und ergibt eine Frequenz von ≈ 11 Per/sec. Eine tiefste Eigenfrequenz gleicher Größenordnung ωei ≈ 2,74 c/r √εD würde dann auftreten, wenn eine dielektrische Kugel mit der Dielektrizitätskonstanten εD von einer Plasmaschicht entsprechend der Ionosphäre unmittelbar umgeben ist. Für alle ungedämpften Eigenfrequenzen ist ωei < ω0, d h. die Dielektrizitätskonstante des umgebenden Plasmas negativ. Es gibt unendlich viele Eigenfrequenzen in dem Frequenzgebiet von ω = 0 bis ω = ω0, die sich namentlich an der oberen Grenze stark häufen. Nahe der unteren Grenze ist für genügend großes ω0 r/c (≈107 für irdische Verhältnisse) ωei·≈√n(n + 1) · c/r. Je höher die Ordnungszahl der Eigenschwingung ist, desto tiefer dringt die Welle in die Plasmaatmosphäre ein. Während die geringen Eigenfrequenzen fast vollkommen von der Plasmaoberfläche reflektiert werden, können Eigenfrequenzen hoher Ordnungszahl mit merkbaren Amplituden den Außenrand der irdischen begrenzten Plasmaatmosphäre erreichen und von dort in den leeren Raum nach außen abgestrahlt werden, wodurch sie dann zu gedämpften Eigenschwingungen werden.
Eigenfrequenzen mit ωei > ω0 sind immer durch Abstrahlung gedämpft um so mehr, und auch schon bei ωei < ω0, je dünner die Plasmaschicht um die Luftschicht ist.
Die Dämpfung der Ionosphäre ist durch die Größe ω0τ (τ mittlere Stoßzeit zwischen zwei Elektronenstößen) bestimmt. Da für die Ionosphäre der Wert von ω0τ > 1 zu sein scheint, ergibt sich für kleine Frequenzen, ωτ « 1, eine negative Dielektrizitätskonstante εr = 1 - (ω0τ)2 und ein Leitwert χ von χ =ω0
2 ε0τ, mit χ/ωε0 = ω0
2τ/ω » 1.
Die Dielektrizitätskonstante spielt dann bei der Ausbreitung keine Rolle und das Plasma verhält sich wie ein schlechter Leiter. Leider sind namentlich die Stoßzeiten noch ziemlich unbekannt, als daß man genauere zahlenmäßige Schlüsse ziehen könnte. Die Eigenfrequenzen sind dann durch ωei = c/r·√n(n+1) gegeben und durch die Verluste treten erhebliche Dämpfungen auf. Die Dämpfung durch die Verluste in der Erde sind in der üblichen Weise zu berücksichtigen.