bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bibliography on birds of prey and owls in Slovakia. Part 4. Order Strigiformes, genera Tyto, Otus, Bubo, Strix, Surnia, Glaucidium, Athene, Aegolius & Asio
Authors: Uhrin Marcel , Danko Štefan , Latková Hana 
Published: August 2012

Bibliography on birds of prey and owls in Slovakia. Part 4. Order Strigiformes, generaTyto, Otus, Bubo, Strix, Surnia, Glaucidium, Athene, Aegolius&AsioThe aim of the bibliography is to provide a list of publications on raptors and owls of Slovakia as well as papers of Slovak authors on these birds. The first three parts focused on genera from orders Accipitrifromes and Falconiformes is followed now by the fourth part focused on genera from Strigiformes order. In total 392 citations are listed - 242 (61.7%) scientific and research articles, 59 (15.1%) popular articles, 21 (5.4%) qualification papers, 45 (11.5%) conference abstracts and 25 (6.4%) reports or other papers. The register of species, objective index and the author register enable better overview.
Effect of Mixing Solvents on the Structure of Trehalose Tri-isostearate Nonionic Surfactant Reverse Micelles
Authors: Shrestha Rekha Goswami , Shrestha Lok Kumar 
Published: August 2012

Effects of mixing fraction of n-decane (Dec) with n-tetradecane (TD) on the shape, size, and internal structure of trehalose tri-isostearate (designated as TQ-3) nonionic surfactant reverse micelles have been investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique. TQ-3 self-assembles into a variety of reverse micellar structures in different organic solvents under ambient conditions It was found that a subtle difference in solvent polarity plays a crucial on the structure of reverse micelles. To better understand the solvent dependence of reverse micellar structure, an attempt has been made studying the effects of mixing solvents (alkanes). Three alkanes with different alkyl chain lengths; C10, C12, and C14, were considered and C10 and C14 were mixed in different mixing fractions (wt ratio). SAXS measurements were carried out on 5 wt% TQ-3 systems under ambient conditions. Micellar size and the internal structure (cross-section diameter) were found to depend on mixing fractions of solvents and could be explained in terms of packing parameter.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v27i1.6438 J. Nepal Chem. Soc., Vol. 27, 2011 26-33 Uploaded date: 16 July, 2012
L. Ron Hubbard's Alternative to the Bomb Shelter: Scientology's Emergence as a Pseudo-science During the 1950s
Authors: Manca Terra 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:In the 1950s, L. Ron Hubbard founded Scientology and offered it as the key to surviving nuclear fallout. Hubbard’s success in promoting his claims depended on his ability to convince some people that Scientology was a unique science with more authority to state the truth than orthodox science. These claims contributed to both Scientology’s and Hubbard’s financial well-being, but provided little to no benefit for followers and may have harmed some patients. Despite diminished fears of nuclear holocaust, Scientology continues to promote purification programs based on the radiation claims Hubbard made.
Predictors of Residual Viraemia in Patients on Long-Term Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Zheng Lu , Bosch Ronald J , Chan Ellen S , Read Sarah , Kearney Mary , Margolis David M , Mellors John W , Eron Joseph J , Gandhi Rajesh T ,   the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5244 Team, Leavitt Randi , Coffin John , Palmer Sarah , Pettinelli Carla , Martinez Ana , Demeter Lisa M , Jacobson Jeffrey M , D'Aquila Richard , Philpotts Barbara , Donoval Betty A , Levaro Robert 
Published: August 2012

Background HIV-1-infected individuals with plasma RNA<50 copies/ml on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may have residual, low-level viraemia detectable by PCR assays that are able to detect a single copy of viral RNA (single-copy assay [SCA]). The clinical predictors of residual viraemia in patients on long-term suppressive ART are not yet fully understood. Methods We evaluated factors associated with residual viraemia in patients on suppressive ART who underwent screening for a raltegravir intensification trial (ACTG A5244). The screened population was HIV-1-infected adults receiving ART for ≥12 months with pre-ART HIV-1 RNA>100,000 copies/ml and on-therapy RNA levels below detection limits of commercial assays for ≥6 months. Results Of 103 patients eligible for analysis, the median age was 46 years and the median duration of viral suppression was 4.8 years. 62% had detectable viraemia (>0.2 copies/ml) by SCA (median 0.2 copies/ml, IQR <0.2–1.8). Younger patients had lower HIV-1 RNA levels than older individuals (r=0.27, P=0.005). Patients with virological suppression on ART for 2 years or less had higher residual viraemia than those with suppression for >2 years (median 2.3 versus 0.2 copies/ml; P=0.016). Conclusions Among HIV-1-infected patients with pre-ART HIV-1 RNA>100,000 copies/ml, residual viraemia was detectable in the majority (62%) despite many years of suppressive ART. Higher level viraemia was associated with older age and <2 years of virological suppression on ART. These findings should help in the selection of candidates for clinical trials of interventions designed to eliminate residual viraemia.
Ns3 Genetic Variability in HCV Genotype-1B Isolates from Liver Specimens and Blood Samples of Treatment-Naive Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Maimone Sergio , Musolino Cristina , Squadrito Giovanni , Raffa Giuseppina , Pollicino Teresa , Raimondo Giovanni 
Published: August 2012

Background Two distinct inhibitors of the HCV protease have been approved for the treatment of patients infected with HCV genotype-1. These drugs are highly efficient in suppressing HCV replication; however, their use is limited by the emergence of viral mutants resistant to them after a very short time of treatment. By analysing blood samples, it was shown that viral strains resistant to protease inhibitors (PIs) may exist prior to treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of viral variants resistant to PIs in isolates from liver and blood of HCV patients naive to any antiviral therapy. Methods Liver and blood HCV genotype-1b isolates from 10 patients with chronic hepatitis were analysed by cloning and sequencing procedures. Results The analyses of 10–15 clones from liver isolates of each patient showed that 7/10 cases had single or multiple mutations potentially conferring resistance to PIs. However, the analysis of the corresponding blood samples excluded the presence of these mutations in all cases but one, which had the Q80R mutation in all clones from both liver and plasma samples. No PI-resistant variants were detected in isolates from either liver or plasma samples of three patients. Conclusions Naturally occurring HCV variants resistant to PIs are commonly present at the intrahepatic level and this clearly explains their usual, very early emergence under treatment; however, the identification of these variants as circulating viral populations is not unusual in untreated patients.
Le paradigme de l'aide projet fait de la résistance
Authors: Dordain Dominique , Mogenet Luc 
Published: August 2012

Des accords de coopération mis en place au lendemain des indépendances jusqu’aux relations récentes de partenariat, l’aide projet occupe une part massive et persistante de l’aide publique au développement (APD), en dépit du délitement de l’aide et de la Déclaration de Paris recommandant le remplacement de l’aide affectée par une aide globalisée et budgétaire. Ce paradigme est analysé en le resituant dans le contexte de l’histoire économique des pays africains dans les premières décennies de l’indépendance. Au-delà de la stratégie des donateurs visant à conserver la maîtrise sur les contenus et les retours d’intérêt, la persistance de l’aide projet tiendrait-elle à son ambivalence, reposant sur un espace partagé, aux côtés de deux sous-ensembles dans lesquels chacun des deux parte-naires installerait ses propres finalités ?
L'Afrique à l'identité sans passé d'Alain Mabanckou
Authors: Devésa Jean-Michel 
Published: August 2012

La représentation de l’Afrique chez Alain Mabanckou ne résulte pas, comme chez ses aînés, des contradictions inhérentes au fait d’être entre deux mondes et deux cultures. Indépendamment des intentions affichées, l’image du continent noir renvoie, dans ses romans, à un ensemble de clichés et de stéréotypes, en partie forgés de « l’extérieur », qui dessine une Afrique d’un présent immédiat et de la prétérition, parce que son image a été « retravaillée » par l’usage « à blanc » de la langue et des signes propre à la société des écrans et de l’information. Aussi, l’authenticité et l’identité africaines de ces textes ne sont-elles pas seulement un effet de l’écriture mais le produit d’un discours qui performe les signifiants de manière qu’ils soient d’abord reçus comme l’exacte expression des réalités politiques, sociales, culturelles et humaines évoquées et ensuite aisément validés par les médias et le marché du livre.
Egg hatch of forest tent caterpillar (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) on two preferred host species
Authors: Gray David R. , Ostaff Don P. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSynchrony between herbivore and host phenology can be an important factor in herbivore fitness. The survival of first-instar forest tent caterpillar (FTC) (Malacosoma disstria Hübner; Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) larvae and performance of surviving larvae are reduced when egg hatch and host budbreak are asynchronous. Budbreak in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michaux; Salicaceae) and largetooth aspen (Populus grandidentata Michaux; Salicaceae), two preferred hosts of FTC, differ by ∼14 days. We examined the phenological requirements of FTC egg hatch to see if an inherent difference exists between FTC egg masses on the two hosts, and if the difference would promote synchrony with each host. Egg masses from a haphazard selection of clones of each host were collected in a mixed stand of trembling and largetooth aspen in New Brunswick, Canada. Egg masses were subjected to controlled temperature regimes in the laboratory, and hatch was monitored daily. Despite the differences in host phenologies and the obvious benefits of being synchronised with host phenology, egg masses collected from trembling aspen began hatching only 3 days earlier, and completed hatching only 2 days earlier, than egg masses collected from largetooth aspen. Bet hedging is discussed as a possible strategy to explain the absence of host-specific synchrony between egg hatch of FTC and the hosts it selects for oviposition.
Monotone Hurwitz Numbers in Genus Zero
Authors: Goulden I. P. , Guay-Paquet Mathieu , Novak Jonathan 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHurwitz numbers count branched covers of the Riemann sphere with specified ramification data, or equivalently, transitive permutation factorizations in the symmetric group with specified cycle types. Monotone Hurwitz numbers count a restricted subset of these branched covers related to the expansion of complete symmetric functions in the Jucys–Murphy elements, and have arisen in recent work on the the asymptotic expansion of the Harish-Chandra–Itzykson–Zuber integral. In this paper we begin a detailed study of monotone Hurwitz numbers. We prove two results that are reminiscent of those for classical Hurwitz numbers. The first is the monotone join-cut equation, a partial differential equation with initial conditions that characterizes the generating function for monotone Hurwitz numbers in arbitrary genus. The second is our main result, in which we give an explicit formula for monotone Hurwitz numbers in genus zero.
Regularization of the Kepler Problem on the Three-sphere
Authors: Hu Shengda , Santoprete Manuele 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this paper we regularize the Kepler problem on S3in several different ways. First, we perform a Moser-type regularization. Then, we adapt the Ligon–Schaaf regularization to our problem. Finally, we show that the Moser regularization and the Ligon–Schaaf map we obtained can be understood as the composition of the corresponding maps for the Kepler problem in Euclidean space and the gnomonic transformation.
Islamic Humanism vs. Islamism: Cross-Civilizational Bridging
Authors: Tibi Bassam 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSome prominent discussions of contemporary Islam focus on the tradition of Shari'a reasoning. This is not without reason. Not only is this tradition important in understanding militancy; it has re-emerged in connection with the Arab Spring. The present article, however, seeks to revive an alternative tradition—namely, Islamic humanism. The importance of distinguishing this alternative is not only a matter of clarifying the intellectual heritage of Islam. Reviving Islamic humanism has social-political consequences. It makes possible a view of the modern state that is more democratic and pluralistic than the Shari'a state envisioned by Islamists.
MANEJO DE MOSCA BLANCA (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius.) Y GEMINIVIRUS EN SEMILLEROS DE TOMATE (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) BAJO PROTECCIÓN FÍSICA Y QUÍMICA Y SU EFECTO EN LA PRODUCCIÓN
Authors: Jiménez-Martínez Edgardo , Chavarría Allan , Rizo Álvaro 
Published: August 2012

La mosca blanca (Bemisia tabaci Gennadium) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) es la principal plaga que afecta al tomate (Lycopersicum esculemtum Mill.) cultivado en el municipio de Tisma, Masaya. Este insecto transmite geminivirus al tomate y provoca severos daños al cultivo, reduciendo los rendimientos y aumentando los costos de producción. Con el objetivo de evaluar alternativas de protección físicas y químicas contra el ataque de este complejo mosca blanca–Geminivirus se realizó un estudio en semilleros de tomate en el municipio de Tisma, Masaya, en el período entre Noviembre del 2007 a Enero del 2008. Los tratamientos que se compararon fueron: Semillero de tomate sembrado en era y protegido con malla antivirus (Microtúnel), semillero de tomate sembrado en bandejas protegido con un microinvernadero, semillero de tomate sembrado en era al aire libre protegido con gauchoconfidor, semillero de tomate sembrado en era al aire libre protegido con aceite de Neem y semillero de tomate sembrado en era al aire libre y sin ningún tratamiento (Testigo). Las variables evaluadas fueron: número de adultos de mosca blanca por planta, porcentaje de incidencia y severidad de virosis y rendimiento en kg/ha, los muestreos se realizaron semanalmente. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos en este estudio, las plantas de tomate que fueron protegidas en etapa de semilleros con microtúnel y microinvernadero presentaron los menores porcentajes de incidencia y severidad de virosis, seguidos por los tratamientos gaucho-confidor y Neem. De la misma manera los tratamientos microtúnel y microinvernadero resultaron con los mejores rendimientos por hectárea, la mejor tasa de retorno marginal y mejores beneficios netos por hectárea. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/calera.v11i17.772 La Calera Vol.11 No.17, p.05-13
Paul Ricoeur : des poèmes aux récits et des récits aux poèmes
Authors: Watteyne Nathalie 
Published: August 2012

Attentif aux avancées de la psychanalyse comme de l’analyse des discours et des récits, Paul Ricoeur n’a cessé de dégager, à travers ses études, des types de discordance dans le monde, et des formes de concordance ou de mises en ordre narratives et discursives susceptibles de créer une reprise du sens et une déprise du moi pour le lecteur et pour l’interprète d’une tradition littéraire donnée. Après avoir fait état d’un « double sens » des symboles (1965) et d’un « conflit des interprétations » (1969) en littérature, Ricoeur valorise les objets culturels par un questionnement sur le phénomène de l’innovation sémantique. Ce questionnement, engagé dans La métaphore vive (1975) et relancé dans Temps et récit (1983-1985), sera poursuivi jusqu’à sa mort. De la nouvelle pertinence sémantique créée par la parole vive à la mise en intrigue de l’action, Ricoeur cherche à replacer poèmes et récits dans la perspective de l’agir humain. Le hasard d’une naissance se transforme en destin et le moi narcissique fait place au soi réflexif par le détour des signes et par la médiation de la lecture envisagée comme herméneutique. En postulant que Ricoeur affermit la position du lecteur individuel puis celle des communautés de lecteurs dans ses ouvrages parus entre 1983 et 2010, nous voulons dégager les moyens langagiers grâce auxquels les oeuvres innovent et parviennent à exercer une fonction concomitante de refiguration du monde et de redécouverte de soi chez des « communautés qui s’interprètent elles-mêmes en interprétant le texte ».
Joseph Joubert contre les romans
Authors: Beaulieu Étienne 
Published: August 2012

Joseph Joubert (1754-1824) est-il écrivain ou philosophe, l’usage hésite encore sur les termes. Sa maison de Villeneuve-sur-Yonne porte l’inscription « philosophe », tout comme les dictionnaires, mais il ne fait partie d’aucun corpus philosophique et est publié dans une collection littéraire. Mais il n’est pas non plus « littéraire » au sens courant du terme, puisqu’il a été tenté un moment par la forme narrative, puis l’a rejetée violemment pour s’enfermer dans la réclusion de ses Carnets, rédigés pour lui seul dans le silence romanesque grâce auquel il invente malgré lui le genre très moderne de la prose fragmentaire. À l’aube de la modernité littéraire, l’oeuvre étrange de Joseph Joubert s’invente au croisement de la philosophie et de la littérature, refusant de raconter, mais racontant ce refus de manière fragmentaire dans un but d’édification philosophique, empruntant à sa façon le chemin platonicien d’abandon de la fable.
Filtration Performance of Membranes Produced Using Nanoscale Alumina Fibers (NAF)
Authors: Su Veronica , Terehov Michael , Clyne Bill 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis paper outlines a procedure for producing membrane materials, using a novel alumina fiber with a diameter of the order of 10 nm and a range of processing conditions. The as‐received fibers had very high aspect ratios and were supplied in the form of mats in which they were unidirectionally aligned. Membranes have been produced by dispersing the fibers in a liquid, together with a binding agent, followed by sedimentation. During dispersion, the fibers tended to break up and become detached from each other. Depending on the period of dispersion, the fiber architecture in the membranes could range from a “duplex” structure containing bundles of locally aligned fibers to a more homogeneous assembly of relatively short fibers. Some samples exhibited a stratified structure, with a homogeneous layer below and a duplex structure above. Correlations have been established between these architectures and transport properties relevant to use of these membranes as fine scale filters. Measurements have been made of the specific permeability, using water as the permeating fluid. The results are consistent with predictions based on the Carmen–Kozeny equation. The filtration efficiencies of the membranes have also been assessed, using two dyes with different molecular weights. This performance was found to be consistent with filtration taking place primarily by simple mechanical entrapment of the dye molecules. Relevant mechanical properties of the membranes have also been measured, notably the stiffness (Young's modulus) and the tensile strength. These results are briefly considered in terms of implications for the durability of the membranes as filters. It is concluded that these membranes, perhaps particularly those with duplex or layered structures, offer considerable promise as ultra‐fine scale filters.
Photochromic Materials: More Than Meets The Eye
Authors: Zhang Junji , Zou Qi , Tian He 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPhotochromic materials are a family of compounds which can undergo reversible photo‐switches between two different states or isomers with remarkably different properties. Inspired by their smart photo‐switchable characteristics, a variety of light‐driven functional materials have been exploited, such as ultrahigh‐density optical data storage, molecular switches, logic gates, molecular wires, optic/electronic devices, sensors, bio‐imaging and so on. This review commences with a brief description of exciting progress in this field, from systems in solution to modified functional surfaces. Further development of these photo‐switchable systems into practical applications as well as existing challenges are also discussed and put in prospect.
Palladium on Carbon‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling using Triarylbismuths
Authors: Monguchi Yasunari , Hattori Tomohiro , Miyamoto Yasuhiro , Yanase Takayoshi , Sawama Yoshinari , Sajiki Hironao 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSimple and efficient protocols for the 10% palladium on carbon (Pd/C)‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions between triarylbismuths and aryl halides have been developed. A variety of iodo‐ and bromobenzenes possessing an electron‐withdrawing group on the aromatic nucleus were smoothly cross‐coupled in the presence of 10% Pd/C, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate (Na3PO4⋅12 H2O) and 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) in heated N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent. For the arylations of iodobenzenes, the reactions effectively proceeded under the combined use of caesium fluoride (CsF) and 2,2′‐biquinoline. Furthermore, a ligand‐free 10% Pd/C‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction between the aryl iodides and triarylbismuths was also established by the addition of tetra‐n‐buthylammonium fluoride trihydrate (TBAF⋅3 H2O) in which the palladium metals were hardly leached from the catalyst into the reaction media.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Dihydronitronaphthalenes
Authors: Hajra Saumen , Ghosh Rajib , Chakrabarti Sagar , Ghosh Amit , Dutta Swarup , Dey Tushar K. , Malhotra Rajesh , Asijaa Sonika , Roy Subho , Dutta Shantanu , Basu Sourav 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA highly enantioselective (up to 91%ee) rhodium‐catalyzed asymmetric addition of arylboronic acids has been achieved leading to the challenging dihydro‐3‐nitronaphthalenes using one equivalent of phosphoramidite ligand to rhodium catalyst. A concise formal asymmetric synthesis of the dopamine D1 agonist, dihydrexidine was accomplished using the method.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of 1‐(1‐Alkynyl)cyclopropyl Oximes with Nitrones: A Modular Entry to Highly Substituted Pyrrolo[3,4‐d][1,2]oxazepines
Authors: Zhang Yanqing , Zhang Junliang 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAn efficient approach for the synthesis of highly substituted pyrrolo[3,4‐d][1,2]oxazepines has been achieved by gold(I)‐catalyzed 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions of 1‐(1‐alkynyl)cyclopropyl oximes with nitrones in good to excellent yields as a single diastereomer. A complete chirality transfer was observed in this transformation.
A New Flow Methodology for the Expedient Synthesis of Drug‐Like 3‐Aminoindolizines
Authors: Lange Paul P. , Bogdan Andrew R. , James Keith 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA flow‐based synthesis of diversely functionalized indolizines and their aza‐analogues is described. These drug‐like heterocycles were generated via a tandem Sonogashira/cycloisomerization sequence, starting from widely available 2‐bromopyridines and alkynes, employing a simple catalyst system together with 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) as base. The use of flow technology allows a straightforward and rapid access to a variety of novel compounds, and enables linear scale‐up from milligram‐ to gram‐scales without a decrease in yield.
Ruthenium Nanoparticle‐Catalyzed, Controlled and Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes using Ethanol as a Hydrogen Source
Authors: Kim Ju Hyun , Park Ji Hoon , Chung Young Keun , Park Kang Hyun 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis communication describes a ruthenium nanoparticle‐catalyzed reduction of nitroarenes giving azoxyarenes, azoarenes, or anilines in good to excellent yields using ethanol as a hydrogen source.