bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New service development maturity model
Authors: Jin Dayu , Chai Kah-Hin , Tan Kay-Chuan 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to rigorously devise a new tool that helps analyze and improve NSD processes.

Design/methodology/approach
– An NSD maturity model (NSDMM) is theoretically developed through a combination of the maturity model concept and findings from NSD success studies.

Findings
– NSD success factors can be categorized into four management processes – strategy management, process formalization, knowledge management, and customer involvement. Maturity dimensions and levels are further devised for each process. It is hypothesized that a higher capability to handle these processes positively associates with higher NSD performance.

Research limitations/implications
– Studies on NSD success factors are often descriptive rather than prescriptive. This research identified four management processes which are important to focus on when implementing NSD projects. It is among the first to apply the maturity model in the service industry. That said, this research needs to be tested empirically.

Practical implications
– The proposed NSDMM enables companies to conduct evaluations of their NSD capabilities. By determining the desired maturity levels, companies can engage in continuous improvement so as to calibrate the NSD process.

Originality/value
– By integrating the concept of the maturity model and the NSD success studies, NSDMM serves not only as a diagnostic model to assess current NSD practices, but also as a guideline for continuous NSD process improvement.
Industry, government, and community: power and leadership in a resource constrained DMO
Authors: L. Slocum Susan , Everett Sally 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore a resource-constrained Destination Marketing Organization (DMO) to assess the power struggles inherent in community tourism initiatives when leadership is weakened through shrinking resources.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using a comparative instrumental case study approach, this paper analyses three separate studies within Experience Bedfordshire to develop a comprehensive picture of governance within a single tourism destination.

Findings
– The results show that privately held attractions, hospitality businesses, and transportation authorities retain control over key marketing messages. Visitor and stakeholder surveys indicate that a more sustainable form of rural development, based on natural/cultural attractions and the development of bed and breakfast and artisan small businesses is the preferred development path. Unfortunately, the increasing use of Tourism Information Centres by local residents, as opposed to tourists, has reduced support by key power holders in the community, thereby forcing major industry restructure.

Research limitations/implications
– This research was conducted during the transitionary period as the Rural Development Agencies were being dissolved in the UK and the new Local Enterprise Partnership system was being implemented in early 2011. It is still too early to anticipate how this new system will affect destination marketing in the long run.

Practical implications
– This paper argues that commercial interests ultimately control the destination image in this resource-constrained region, and its marketing messages which are currently focused on high adventure and large scale development are pursued to the detriment of local wishes and rural landscape development.

Originality/value
– This paper is the first article to address the transition from the Rural Development Agencies to the Local Enterprise Partnerships within a tourism and destination marketing framework.
Leadership capacity in two Brazilian regional tourism organisations
Authors: José Valente Flávio , Dredge Dianne , Lohmann Gui 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– This paper examines the leadership practices of two Brazilian regional tourism organisations (RTOs) using an exploratory case study.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research adopts an embedded case study approach, permitting the comparison of the leadership phenomenon in the “Instituto Estrada Real” (the IER) and the “Associação Circuito do Ouro” (the ACO). Semi-structured interviews (n=14) were undertaken to gather information from the RTOs' executives and actors/followers influenced directly by RTO leadership in order to obtain their perceptions about leadership practice.

Findings
– Four leadership themes emerged: capacity to produce results, capacity to mobilise followers, articulation and communication of goals and actions, and articulation of roles and responsibilities. The findings are discussed in regards to the hierarchical and market governance structures of the two RTOs and the implications for leadership practice. The interviewees identified that transactional forms of leadership dominated the hierarchical governance structure of the ACO and that it was able to mobilise effectively other levels of government. However, this leadership does not deliver results at the speed required by the private sector. The IER is a market-led governance structure and its leadership practices effectively mobilised the private sector. However, it was found to operate in isolation from government and other key tourism stakeholders.

Originality/value
– This paper draws together the regional tourism management and leadership literature, making both theoretical and applied contributions to regional tourism leadership.
From destination governance to destination leadership – defining and exploring the significance with the help of a systemic perspective
Authors: Beritelli Pietro , Bieger Thomas 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– Starting from the tenet that destination management deserves a systemic approach the authors first explain the meaning of systemic leadership and then discuss its relevance for tourist destinations. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it develops a concept of destination leadership based on a systemic perspective and therefore prevents a common misunderstanding, namely that destination leadership may simply generate from organizational leadership. Second, the concept builds on extant literature on destination governance and in so doing it stretches the vector of this research stream (governance) into a supplemental field (leadership).

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on recent empirical research in the field of systemic research in destinations, the concept of destination leadership is elaborated in a wider context of destination management.

Findings
– As a result, a set of dimensions and mechanisms which drive the systemic development of destinations can be distilled. A framework for further research is proposed and tested with the help of an empirical study with a set of influential actors from four destinations in Switzerland, Austria, and Italy.

Originality/value
– The results reveal that influence as a proxy for systemic leadership is supported by trust and effective communication. Other leadership dimensions derived from traditional leadership literature such as mutual understanding, accessibility (non-significant) or likeability (negatively affecting influence) prove to be irrelevant to systemic leadership. The implications underline the need to differentiate between leadership in inter-organizational arrangements and leadership in destinations, understood as communities and complex social systems.
Destination leadership: a new paradigm for tourist destinations?
Authors: Pechlaner Harald , Kozak Metin , Volgger Michael 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– This special issue of Tourism Review provides an original body of work that complements existing research on tourist destinations, and offers an opportunity for tourism research to contribute to broader leadership theorizing.

Design/methodology/approach
– This editorial introduction embeds the included papers into general reflections about destination leadership.

Findings
– This introduction summarizes how the papers in this special issue contribute to two streams of research: First, the papers use and advance leadership theories that are particularly suited to inter-organizational contexts, such as distributed and systemic leadership. Second, they illustrate that destination leadership needs to be treated and understood in relationship to governance arrangements, power structures, and social networks among leaders.

Originality/value
– Sustainable destination competitiveness greatly depends on effective strategies as well as efficient and inclusive processes and structures. Existing research on destination management and destination governance clearly illustrates the relevance of these requirements. However, the human factor in the form of motivation, inspiration, and role modeling – i.e. destination leadership – is also crucial. Yet, so far leadership has not received the necessary attention in both tourist destinations and networked environments in general. This is all the more remarkable since social networks pose particular challenges for leadership.
Culturable aerobic and facultative bacteria from the gut of the polyphagic dung beetle Thorectes lusitanicus
Authors: Hernández Noemi , Escudero José A. , Millán Álvaro San , González‐Zorn Bruno , Lobo Jorge M. , Verdú José R. , Suárez Mónica 
Published: December 2013

AbstractUnlike other dung beetles, the Iberian geotrupid, Thorectes lusitanicus, exhibits polyphagous behavior; for example, it is able to eat acorns, fungi, fruits, and carrion in addition to the dung of different mammals. This adaptation to digest a wider diet has physiological and developmental advantages and requires key changes in the composition and diversity of the beetle's gut microbiota. In this study, we isolated aerobic, facultative anaerobic, and aerotolerant microbiota amenable to grow in culture from the gut contents of T. lusitanicus and resolved isolate identity to the species level by sequencing 16S rRNA gene fragments. Using BLAST similarity searches and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses, we were able to reveal that the analyzed fraction (culturable, aerobic, facultative anaerobic, and aerotolerant) of beetle gut microbiota is dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. Among Proteobacteria, members of the order Enterobacteriales (Gammaproteobacteria) were the most abundant. The main functions associated with the bacteria found in the gut of T. lusitanicus would likely include nitrogen fixation, denitrification, detoxification, and diverse defensive roles against pathogens.
Application of DNA barcoding to the identification of Hymenoptera parasitoids from the soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) in China
Authors: Zhou Qing‐Song , Xi Yu‐Qiang , Yu Fang , Zhang Xu , Li Xue‐Jun , Liu Chun‐Lai , Niu Ze‐Qing , Zhu Chao‐Dong , Qiao Ge‐Xia , Zhang Yan‐Zhou 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAphis glycines Matsumura is an important pest of soybean in Asia and North America. Hymenoptera parasitoids play a key role in the control of the soybean aphid. The correct identification of parasitoids is a critical step that precedes the assessment of their potential biological control agents. Accurate identification of the majority of the species attacking the soybean aphid often requires elaborate specimen preparation and expert taxonomic knowledge. In this study, we facilitated the identification of soybean aphid parasitoids by applying a DNA barcoding approach following a preliminary morphological identification. We generated DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial COI gene and the D2 region of 28S rDNA to assess the genetic variation within and between parasitoid species emerging from the soybean aphid in China. Fifteen Hymenoptera parasitoid species belonging to 10 genera of five families were identified with little intra‐specific variation (0.09% ± 0.06% for 28S and 0.36% ± 0.18% for COI) and large inter‐specific divergence (30.46% ± 3.42% for 28S and 20.4% ± 1.20% for COI).
Quantification of the Predominant Immune Cell Populations in Decidua Throughout Human Pregnancy
Authors: Bartmann Catharina , Segerer Sabine E. , Rieger Lorenz , Kapp Michaela , Sütterlin Marc , Kämmerer Ulrike 
Published: December 2013

ProblemTo date, a multiplicity of factors contributing to the establishment and progression of a successful pregnancy have been postulated. There is emerging evidence that decidual leukocytes could be decisive factors during pregnancy. Despite numerous investigations on immune cells in human early pregnancy decidua, little is known about the physiological composition and proportion of the various immune cell populations during the different phases of pregnancy. In this study, we therefore analyzed the proportion of the dominant decidual leukocytes in human tissue samples derived from all phases of pregnancy.MethodsSingle cell suspensions were prepared from decidual samples from 205 patients at 6–40 weeks of gestation. Cell populations were analyzed by flow cytometry, and immune cell populations were quantified as percentage of decidual CD45+ cells.ResultsThere was generally no difference in immune cell counts comparing decidua of healthy gestations and those with systemic inflammation. Overall, the proportion of uNK cells continuously decreased, while the amount of monocytes, immature dendritic cells, and T cells increased until term. Striking modifications in cell counts were seen during the 7th week compared with the 6th and later weeks of gestation.ConclusionStudying the proportion of decidual immune cells during pregnancy, we detected a unique pattern which could be useful to design novel therapies for pathological conditions during pregnancy.
Prevalence and outcomes of laser treatment of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Gunn David J , Cartwright David W , Gole Glen A 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundTo describe outcomes in a cohort of extremely premature infants treated for aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity by diode laser panretinal photocoagulation.DesignRetrospective study.ParticipantsFifteen eyes in eight infants.MethodsA review was carried out on infants between 23 and 25.6 weeks gestational age admitted to The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital neonatal intensive care unit between 1992 and 2009.Main Outcome MeasuresSuccess of treatment, visual and refractive outcomes.ResultsFive hundred fifty‐four infants were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit, 373 survived till screening, and 304 had retinopathy of prematurity. Sixty‐six infants required treatment, and eight of these had aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (2.5% of all infants with retinopathy of prematurity). Mean gestational age was 24.2 weeks, mean birthweight was 634 g, and treatment occurred at mean 34.1 weeks post‐menstrual age. The mean total number of burns per eye was 2967. Five of 15 treated eyes required retreatment. Two patients subsequently died of unrelated causes. Regression occurred in 9 of 11 remaining eyes; one eye progressed to stage 4b and another to stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity. Vitrectomy was performed in two eyes. Five eyes had 6/12 vision, one had 3/60, and three had no perception of light. Of the remaining two eyes, one had good fixation and the other had poor fixation.ConclusionsDespite good structural outcomes, visual outcomes for conventional laser treatment of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity are poor.
Orbital immunoglobulin‐G4‐related disease: case series and literature review
Authors: Mulay Kaustubh , Aggarwal Ekta , Jariwala Mehul , Honavar Santosh G 
Published: December 2013

AbstractImmunoglobulin‐G4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) is a distinct group of diseases characterized by elevated serum IgG4 titres and infiltration of affected organs by IgG4‐positive plasma cells. IgG4‐RD can involve any ocular adnexal tissue. They have a distinct prognosis and pattern of tissue involvement and hence need to be differentiated from orbital lesions with similar clinicopathological features. We report three cases of IgG4‐RD and review the literature extensively discussing various aspects of this novel entity.
Nationwide survey of maternal screening for mother‐to‐child infections in Japan
Authors: Yamada Hideto , Tairaku Shinya , Morioka Ichiro , Ebina Yasuhiko , Sonoyama Ayako , Tanimura Kenji , Deguchi Masashi , Nagamata Satoshi 
Published: December 2013

AbstractMother‐to‐child infections cause congenital infection with disease and sequelae. To evaluate a state of maternal blood screening for mother‐to‐child infections in Japan, we for the first time conducted a nationwide survey on obstetric facilities where regular maternity checkups were carried out. A questionnaire assessment involved an annual number of deliveries, scale of facilities and a state of maternal blood screening for eight pathogens. A high rate (73.7%) of reply to the questionnaire was achieved from 1990 facilities, covering 75.1% of annual number of delivery in 2011. The performance rates of blood screening were more than 99% for rubella virus, Treponema pallidum, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1), hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus, while the rate was found to be only 4.5% for cytomegalovirus (CMV), and 48.5% for Toxoplasma gondii with large differences in regions. Most of the facilities performed blood tests for rubella virus, Treponema pallidum, HIV, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus once in early pregnancy, while approximately 28% of the facilities performed blood tests for HTLV‐1 once during the 2nd or 3rd trimester. Most of the facilities used HA tests for Toxoplasma gondii, whereas there was a wide variation in antibody measurement methods for CMV. Generally, the obstetric facilities in Japan have performed maternal blood screening properly according to the current recommendations. The results of this survey involve important information and are helpful for clinical practitioners.
Determining the effect of immunosuppressant adherence on graft failure risk among renal transplant recipients
Authors: Spivey Christina A. , Chisholm‐Burns Marie A. , Damadzadeh Bita , Billheimer Dean 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe objective was to use the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) to quantify the relationship between immunosuppressant therapy (IST) adherence and risk of graft failure among adult renal transplant recipients (RTRs). A secondary objective was to examine the relationship among select patient characteristics and IST adherence. The study sample included adult RTRs who: received primary transplant between January 1, 1999 and December 31, 2005; experienced graft survival for at least 12 months post‐transplant and had at least 12 months of data in the USRDS; utilized Medicare coverage for IST; and were prescribed cyclosporine or tacrolimus. IST adherence was measured by medication possession ratio (MPR). Pearson chi‐square tests were used to examine associations between patient characteristics and MPR quartiles. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess relationships among time to graft failure, MPR, and patient characteristics. Thirty‐one thousand nine hundred and thirteen RTRs met inclusion criteria. Older age, female gender, white race, deceased donors, and tacrolimus were associated with greater adherence (p < 0.001). Cox proportional hazard modeling indicated greater adherence, white race, and having a living donor were significantly associated with longer graft survival (p < 0.05). Future prospective studies should further examine the clinical significance of IST nonadherence as it relates to graft failure.
A systematic review of computerised serious educational games about alcohol and other drugs for adolescents
Authors: Rodriguez Daniel M. , Teesson Maree , Newton Nicola C. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIssuesSerious educational games (SEG) have been shown to be effective in educating young people about a range of topics, including languages and maths. This paper identifies the use of computerised SEGs in education about alcohol and other drugs and reviews their impact on the prevention of alcohol and drug use.ApproachThe Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, ERIC, Scopus, psychINFO, pubMED and DRUG databases were searched in February 2013. Additional publications were obtained from the reference lists of the relevant papers. Studies were included if they described an evaluation of a computerised SEG that targeted alcohol and/or other drugs and had been trialled with adolescents.Key FindingsEight SEGs were identified targeting tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, methamphetamine, ecstasy, inhalants, cocaine and opioids. Six reported positive outcomes in terms of increased content knowledge and two reported increased negative attitudes towards the targeted drugs. Only one reported a decrease in the frequency of drug use.Implications and ConclusionThis is the first review of the efficacy of computerised SEGs for alcohol and other drugs for adolescents. Results suggest that SEGs can increase content knowledge of alcohol and other drugs. Evidence concerning impacts on negative attitudes and alcohol and drug use is limited, with few studies examining these outcomes.
A Rose Blooms in the Winter: The Tradition of the Hortus Conclusus and its Significance as a Devotional Emblem
Authors: Larson Victoria 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe hortus conclusus, or the “garden enclosed,” is a motif of biblical origin that images the Virgin Mary as a cloistered garden. Gaining popularity in the early medieval period, the Marian hortus conclusus remained the property of the Catholic church after the Reformation. There it briefly thrived, reaching its apogee in the early modern period as the eponymous subject of Henry Hawkins’ emblem book, Partheneia Sacra. The Virgin in (and as) the garden still lives a half‐life today, continuing to appear without our recognizing it in medieval and Renaissance artwork, in hymns, in the names of flowers, and in prayers. Where it is known, the Marian hortus conclusus is usually perceived as a Catholic object of adoration, but its enduring nature suggests that it holds promise as a catholic subject of devotion as well.
Praying with the World at Heart
Authors: Carvalhaes Cláudio 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPraying with the world at heart is to learn to pray where people hurt, with those who suffer, with the poor. To pray is to shape the world, to expand ourselves, to hear God's voice and the voice of somebody else. In this article we want to learn how to do theology through prayer, thus, engaging the lex credendi through the lex orandi.
The Speaking that Silence Is: Prayer as Openness to God
Authors: Nelson Derek R. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPrayer exists as the dialectic between speaking and falling silent that presupposes, assumes and furthers the openness of the whole self to God. Prayer as speaking comprises thanksgiving, confession, petition, and instruction. Instruction includes a Torah‐like understanding of God's word as law, following Martin Luther. Prayer as silence includes the silence of confusion, the silence of expectation, and the silence of submission, following Søren Kierkegaard.