bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic management of small bowel obstruction secondary to a mesodiverticular band of a Meckel’s diverticulum in an adult: A case report and literature review
Authors: Shimizu Seito , Hara Hitoshi , Muto Yasuhide , Kido Tomoki , Miyata Ryohei , Itabashi Michio 
Published: July 2024

Rationale:
The mesodiverticular band (MDB) of a Meckel’s diverticulum (MD) is a rare, yet notable etiology of small bowel obstruction (SBO) in adults. Due to the nonspecific symptoms and challenging diagnosis thereof, preoperative clinical suspicion and strategic management are crucial for achieving optimal outcomes. Therefore, we presented a case in which laparoscopic surgery was strategically performed to alleviate ileus, due to a preoperative diagnosis of SBO, suspected to be secondary to an MD with a concomitant MDB.

Patient concerns:
A 32-year-old male patient presented with a half-day’s duration of epigastric pain, abdominal distension, and tenderness, resulting in the working diagnosis of SBO.

Diagnoses:
Initial non-contrast computed tomography (CT) revealed SBO without signs of strangulation, postulated to be caused by an MD and concomitant MDB, resulting in conservative management. The symptoms persisted, necessitating contrast-enhanced CT. However, the dilated bowel loop suggestive of an MD that had been observed on non-contrast CT could not be confirmed on contrast-enhanced CT.

Interventions:
Decompression therapy using a long tube provided minimal relief, prompting laparoscopic surgery on the 5th day post-admission for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

Outcomes:
An MD resection effectively relieved the SBO. The histopathological analysis revealed a true diverticulum with ectopic pancreatic tissue, confirming the diagnosis of an MD. At the band site, vascular and neural structures were encased in a sheath, consistent with the remnants of the vitelline duct mesentery; and histopathologically diagnosed as an MDB. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the 9th day, postoperatively.

Lessons:
Decompression therapy and strategic laparoscopic surgery based on the preoperative working diagnosis of SBO yielded favorable outcomes, highlighting the importance of the early clinical suspicion of an MD and a concomitant MDB, as the etiology of SBO. The imaging variability and rarity of an MD in adults emphasizes the need for a heightened awareness and an accurate diagnosis for optimal management. Early intervention should be deliberated for patients with suspected intestinal ischemia. However, this case accentuates the clinical implications of strategic planning and employing minimally invasive techniques in the management of an MD-related SBO in adults.
Revolutionizing Organ Transplantation With Robotic Surgery
Authors: Broering Dieter C. , Raptis Dimitri A. , Malago Massimo , Clavien Pierre-Alain ,   the MIOT Collaborative
Published: July 2024

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of robotic techniques on organ transplantation outcomes.

Background:
The evolution of organ transplantation is becoming influenced by the adoption of minimally invasive techniques, transitioning from laparoscopic to robotic methods. Robotic surgery has emerged as a significant advancement, providing superior precision and outcomes compared with traditional approaches.

Methods:
This perspective includes a systematic review of the literature, original data from a high-volume center, as well as an international survey focusing on perceptions related to robotic versus laparoscopic and open approaches.

Results:
The systematic review and meta-analysis revealed lower morbidity with robotic donor nephrectomy, recipient kidney transplant and donor hepatectomy. Our center’s experience, with over 3000 minimally invasive transplant procedures (kidney, liver, donor, and recipient), supports the superiority of robotic transplant surgery (RTS). The global survey confirms this shift, revealing a preference for robotic approaches due to their reduced morbidity, despite challenges such as access to the robotic system and cost.

Conclusions:
This comprehensive overview including a systematic review, original data, and perceptions derived from the international survey demonstrate the superiority of robotic transplant surgery (RTS) across a range of organ transplantations, for both donors and recipients. The future of RTS depends on the efforts of the surgical community in addressing challenges such as economic implications, the need for specialized surgical training for numerous surgeons, as well as wide access to robotic systems worldwide.
L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine Alleviated Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Primary Graft Dysfunction in Rat Lung Transplants
Authors: Sun Xiangfu , Huang Ai , Zhang Huan , Song Naicheng , Huang Zhihong , Xin Gaojie , Wang Zhaokai , Liu Mingyao , Jiang Ke , Huang Lei 
Published: July 2024

Background.
Concern of ischemia-reperfusion injury reduces utilization of donor lungs. We hypothesized adding L-alanyl-L-glutamine (L-AG) to preservation solution may protect donor lungs from ischemia-reperfusion injury through its multiple cytoprotective effects.

Methods.
A lung transplantation cell culture model was used on human lung epithelial cells and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, and the effects of adding different concentrations of L-AG on basic cellular function were tested. Rat donor lungs were preserved at 4 °C with 8 mmol/L L-AG for 12 h followed by 4 h reperfusion or monitored for 3 d. Lung function, lung histology, inflammation, and cell death biomarker were tested. Computerized tomography scan was used and metabolomic analysis was performed on lung tissues.

Results.
Cold preservation with L-AG improved cell viability and inhibited apoptosis in cell culture. Rat donor lungs treated with L-AG during cold storage showed decreased peak airway pressure, higher dynamic compliance and oxygenation ability, reduced lung injury, apoptosis, and oxidative stress during reperfusion. L-AG treatment significantly changed 130 metabolites during reperfusion, with enhanced amino acid biosynthesis and tricarboxylic acid cycle. Furthermore, cold storage with L-AG decreased primary graft dysfunction grade, improved oxygenation, reduced pulmonary atelectasis, sign of infection, and pneumothorax in a rat left lung transplant 3-d survival model.

Conclusions.
Adding L-AG to cold preservation solution reduced lung injury and alleviated primary graft dysfunction by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death with modified metabolic activities.
Pseudomonas beijingensis sp. nov., a novel species widely colonizing plant rhizosphere
Authors: Liao Kaiji , Wu Jingyi , Wang Can , Li Jun-Zhou , Wei Hai-Lei 
Published: July 2024

A polyphasic taxonomic approach was used to characterize the three bacterial strains (FP830T, FP2034, and FP2262) isolated from the rhizosphere soil of rice, corn, and highland barley in Beijing, Heilongjiang, and Tibet, respectively, in PR China. These strains were Gram-negative, rod-shaped, and have one or two polar flagella. They exhibited optimal growth at 28 °C and pH 7.0 in the presence of 1 % (w/v) NaCl and showed fluorescence under ultraviolet light when cultivated on King’s B plates. The FP830T genome size is 6.4 Mbp with a G+C content of 61.0 mol%. FP830T has the potential to promote plant growth by producing various metabolites such as fengycin, pyoverdin, indole-3-acetic acid, and the volatile substance 2,3-butanediol. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that three isolates formed an independent branch, which most closely related to type strains Pseudomonas thivervalensis DSM 13194T and Pseudomonas zanjanensis SWRI12T. The values of average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization between three isolates and closest relatives were not higher than 93.7 and 52.3 %, respectively. The dominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c), and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c/C18 : 1 ω6c). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, and aminophospholipid. The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone (Q-9). Based on polyphasic taxonomic analysis, it was concluded that strains FP830T, FP2034, and FP2262 represented a novel species within the genus Pseudomonas, and Pseudomonas beijingensis sp. nov. was proposed for the name of novel species. The type strain is FP830T (=ACCC 62448T=JCM 35689T).
AI-driven Integration of Multimodal Imaging Pixel Data and Genome-wide Genotype Data Enhances Precision Health for Type 2 Diabetes: Insights from a Large-scale Biobank Study
Authors: Huang Yi-Jia , Chen Chun-houh , Yang Hsin-Chou 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe rising prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) presents a critical global health challenge. Effective risk assessment and prevention strategies not only improve patient quality of life but also alleviate national healthcare expenditures. The integration of medical imaging and genetic data from extensive biobanks, driven by artificial intelligence (AI), is revolutionizing precision and smart health initiatives.In this study, we applied these principles to T2D by analyzing medical images (abdominal ultrasonography and bone density scans) alongside whole-genome single nucleotide variations in 17,785 Han Chinese participants from the Taiwan Biobank. Rigorous data cleaning and preprocessing procedures were applied. Imaging analysis utilized densely connected convolutional neural networks, augmented by graph neural networks to account for intra-individual image dependencies, while genetic analysis employed Bayesian statistical learning to derive polygenic risk scores (PRS). These modalities were integrated through eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), yielding several key findings.First, pixel-based image analysis outperformed feature-centric image analysis in accuracy, automation, and cost efficiency. Second, multi-modality analysis significantly enhanced predictive accuracy compared to single-modality approaches. Third, this comprehensive approach, combining medical imaging, genetic, and demographic data, represents a promising frontier for fusion modeling, integrating AI and statistical learning techniques in disease risk assessment. Our model achieved an Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) of 0.944, with an accuracy of 0.875, sensitivity of 0.882, specificity of 0.875, and a Youden index of 0.754. Additionally, the analysis revealed significant positive correlations between the multi-image risk score (MRS) and T2D, as well as between the PRS and T2D, identifying high-risk subgroups within the cohort.This study pioneers the integration of multimodal imaging pixels and genome-wide genetic variation data for precise T2D risk assessment, advancing the understanding of precision and smart health.
A randomised controlled trial of interventions to promote adoption of physical activity in adults with severe mental illness
Authors: Chapman Justin J. , Miatke Aaron , Dumuid Dorothea , Migueles Jairo , Suetani Shuichi , Korman Nicole , Trott Mike , Byrne Jacqueline , Siskind Dan , Johnston Donni , Sewell Jeanette , Breakspear Michael , Patterson Sue 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and aimsAdults with severe mental illness (SMI) have lower physical activity (PA) than the general population. Supervised exercise interventions provide high support but may not effectively promote motivation, which is important for behaviour change. Motivational strategies such as PA counselling may target motivation more directly; however, the effectiveness in people with SMI is unclear.MethodsThis was a randomised controlled trial of interventions designed to promote PA in adults with SMI. Participants were randomised to either: (1) supervised exercise (GYM), or (2) motivational counselling and self-monitoring using fitness trackers (MOT). Group sessions were once/week over 8-weeks. The primary outcome was time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) assessed using GENEActiv accelerometers worn continuously. Change in MVPA was assessed using the cumulative change from baseline, and as a composition of light activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep.ResultsSixty-four participants were allocated (63% male, 82% overweight/obese, 59% psychotic disorder). Accelerometer-derived MVPA increased for the MOT group between baseline and post-intervention, and the cumulative sum of change in MVPA from baseline in the MOT group was higher than the GYM group. Compositional analyses showed stable weekly activity profiles, with no significant changes attributable to group allocation.ConclusionsThe cumulative change in MVPA was higher for MOT than GYM; however, compositional analyses that considers MVPA as a composition of other daily behaviours showed no change in composition over the intervention period. Exercise interventions should incorporate motivational strategies and supervised exercise; future research should investigate behaviour change interventions with longer durations and more frequent sessions.Registration detailsThe trial is registered under the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12617001017314).
Predictors of In-hospital Mortality among Cirrhotic Patients in Ethiopia: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Elias Tamrat Petros , Shewaye Abate Bane , Chichaybelu Henok Fisseha , Nur Abdulsemed Mohammed , Berhane Kaleb Assefa , Minyilshewa Asteray Tsige , Kumsa Kibrab Bulto , Seid Biruck Mohammed 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundCirrhosis is a major global health problem and a leading cause of liver-related mortality. In Ethiopia specifically, cirrhosis is the 6thleading cause of death and is responsible for high hospitalization and mortality rates. However, until now, factors affecting in-hospital mortality in patients admitted due to complications of liver cirrhosis are poorly understood. This study assessed the predictors of in-hospital mortality among cirrhotic patients in Ethiopia.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study using data collected from the electronic medical records of patients who were admitted for complications of liver cirrhosis between January 1, 2023, and March 31, 2024, in the medical wards of Adera Medical Center, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, and Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Frequency and cross-tabulation were used for descriptive statistics. Predictor variables with a p-value <0.25 in bivariate analyses were included in the logistic regression. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to show the strength of the association. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsOf the 299 patients included in the final analysis, the majority (79.6%) were males, and the median age of the study participants was 45 (IQR, 36–56) years. Hepatitis B virus (32.1%) was the most common etiology, followed by alcohol (30.1%) and hepatitis C virus (13.4%). More than half (52.9%) of the patients were in Child-Pugh class C, and around a quarter (26.1%) of the patients had comorbidities. Ascites (69.2%), Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (50.5%), and hepatic encephalopathy (44.8%) were the most common forms of presentation. The in-hospital mortality rate was 25.4%. West Haven Grade III or IV hepatic encephalopathy (AOR: 12.0; 95% CI 2.33–61.63; P <0.01), Hepatocellular Carcinoma (AOR: 9.05; 95% CI 2.18–37.14; P: 0.01), History of previous admission within one year period (AOR: 6.80; 95% CI 2.18–21.18; P <0.01), Acute Kidney Injury (AOR: 6.47; 95% CI 1.77–23.64; P <0.01), and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease – Sodium (MELD-Na) Score (AOR: 1.17; 95% CI 1.05–1.30; P: 0.02), were found to be predictors of in-hospital mortality.ConclusionIn-hospital mortality of cirrhotic patients is high in Ethiopia. West Haven grade III or IV hepatic encephalopathy is the leading cause of mortality. Hence, Prompt identification and management of hepatic encephalopathy and its precipitant at an earlier stage is crucial for better treatment outcomes and survival.
Adipogenin Dictates Adipose Tissue Expansion by Facilitating the Assembly of a Dodecameric Seipin Complex
Authors: Li Chao , Sun Xue-Nan , Funcke Jan-Bernd , Vanharanta Lauri , Joffin Nolwenn , Li Yan , Prasanna Xavier , Paredes Megan , Joung Chanmin , Gordillo Ruth , Vörös Csaba , Kulig Waldemar , Straub Leon , Chen Shuiwei , Velasco Joselin , Cobb Ayanna , Padula Davide La , Wang May-Yun , Onodera Toshiharu , Varlamov Oleg , Li Yang , Liu Chen , Nawrocki Andrea R. , Zhao Shangang , Oh Da Young , Wang Zhao V. , Goodman Joel M. , Wynn R. Max , Vattulainen Ilpo , Han Yan , Ikonen Elina , Scherer Philipp E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAdipogenin (Adig) is an evolutionarily conserved microprotein and is highly expressed in adipose tissues and testis. Here, we identify Adig as a critical regulator for lipid droplet formation in adipocytes. We determine that Adig interacts directly with seipin, leading to the formation of a rigid complex. We solve the structure of the seipin/Adig complex by Cryo-EM at 2.98Å overall resolution. Surprisingly, seipin can form two unique oligomers, undecamers and dodecamers. Adig selectively binds to the dodecameric seipin complex. We further find that Adig promotes seipin assembly by stabilizing and bridging adjacent seipin subunits. Functionally, Adig plays a key role in generating lipid droplets in adipocytes. In mice, inducible overexpression of Adig in adipocytes substantially increases fat mass, with enlarged lipid droplets. It also elevates thermogenesis during cold exposure. In contrast, inducible adipocyte-specific Adig knockout mice manifest aberrant lipid droplet formation in brown adipose tissues and impaired cold tolerance.
Insight into the Interaction between Neuronal Calcium Sensors and Insulin
Authors: Kiran Uday , Sankeshi Venu , Sharma Yogendra 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCalcium is crucial in insulin biology and Ca2+sensor proteins enforced in insulin release and signalling. The neuronal calcium sensor proteins (NCS) such as NCS-1 and VILIP are shown to be involved in insulin secretion from β-pancreatic cells. However, the expression of different NCS proteins in the pancreas and their functional significance and role in pathologies remained unexplored. The present work, through different biophysical methods, presented that NCS proteins interact with insulin. NCS-1, the founder member of NCS family proteins interacts with insulin in a Ca2+independent manner and Ca2+enhances the affinity of the interaction. The evolutionarily conserved cryptic EF-hand in NCS proteins was found to be an essential commodity for binding insulin. The presence of Ca2+binding first EF-hand abolishes the interaction with insulin and suggests the significance of non-functional EF-hand. The fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy show that insulin interaction induces structural changes in NCS-1, which is demonstrated by size exclusion chromatography and analytical ultra-centrifugation. The autism mutant NCS-1-R102Q relatively retained insulin binding properties but with a significant difference in binding thermodynamics. Considering substantial sequence similarity among different NCS proteins and localisation in the pancreas, we examined the insulin interaction with the neurocalcin delta (NCALD). The NCALD shows metal ion-independent insulin binding and contrary to NCS-1, the Ca2+abolishes the insulin binding. This highlights the differential regulation of Ca2+towards insulin interaction in NCS protein. Conclusively the present work highlight that NCS proteins interact with insulin and further investigation would aid to understand the significance of NCS proteins in insulin physiology/pathophysiology and possible new molecular targets in diabetes.
Chiral phase transition in soft-wall
AdS/QCD
with scalar-dilaton coupling
Authors: Bartz Sean P. , Meadows Robert C. , Brock Glenn 
Published: July 2024

The chiral phase boundary of nuclear matter is expected to have a critical point where the rapid crossover of lattice methods at zero chemical potential becomes a first-order phase transition. Phenomenological models based on the AdS/CFT correspondence, known as AdS/QCD, have succeeded in capturing many features of nuclear matter, with recent progress in producing the expected critical point. We study a model that produces a critical point in the chiral phase diagram by introducing a coupling between the scalar chiral field and the dilaton. We examine the effect of the scalar-dilaton coupling on the critical point. We also study the zero-temperature chiral dynamics, which must allow for spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in the limit of zero quark mass. We find that when the scalar-dilaton coupling is large enough to ensure correct zero-temperature chiral dynamics, a critical point is present only if the quark mass is greater than 12.8 MeV.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Broadband amplitude squeezing at room temperature in electrically driven quantum dot lasers
Authors: Zhao Shiyuan , Ding Shihao , Huang Heming , Zaquine Isabelle , Fabre Nicolas , Belabas Nadia , Grillot Frédéric 
Published: July 2024

The generation of squeezed states of light lies at the heart of modern photonics-based quantum information technologies. Traditionally, optical nonlinear interactions have been employed to produce squeezed states. However, the harnessing of electrically pumped semiconductor lasers offers distinctive paradigms to achieve enhanced squeezing performance for real-world applications. We present the first evidence that quantum dot lasers enable the realization of broadband amplitude-squeezed states at room temperature across a wide frequency range, spanning from 3 GHz to 12 GHz. Our findings are corroborated by a stochastic simulation in agreement with the experimental data.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Customer destination-based experience and loyalty: exploring the role of tourists’ emotions
Authors: Piedade David , Guerreiro Manuela , Pinto Patrícia 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
Following an experiential marketing approach, this study addresses whether customer destination-based experiences (CDBE) affect tourists’ loyalty and emotions and if positive and negative emotions mediate this relationship. Hence, this study aims to verify the role positive and negative emotions play in the link between CDBE and tourists’ loyalty in a safe and joyful tourism destination in Europe.

Design/methodology/approach
A conceptual model was tested using data collected from tourists visiting the Algarve region, a mature seaside tourism destination in southern Portugal. The relationships implicit in the model were tested through the partial least squares structural equation modelling method.

Findings
The findings highlight that positive and negative tourist’s emotional responses mediate the relationship between CDBE and loyalty. Moreover, tourists’ experience and loyalty are influenced by their positive and negative emotions. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.

Originality/value
Leveraged on extant research gaps, this study contributes to deepening the existing tourism literature by discussing whether CDBE affect tourists’ loyalty and emotions and whether these positive and negative emotions mediate that relationship in the context of a highly appraised touristic destination in Europe.