bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High expression of podoplanin in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue occurs predominantly in patients ≤40 years but does not correlate with tumour spread
Authors: Sgaramella Nicola , Lindell Jonsson Eva , Boldrup Linda , Califano Luigi , Coates Philip J , Tartaro Gianpaolo , Lo Muzio Lorenzo , Fåhraeus Robin , Colella Giuseppe , Dell'Aversana Orabona Giovanni , Loljung Lotta , Santagata Mario , Rossiello Riccardo , Wilms Torben , Danielsson Karin , Laurell Göran , Nylander Karin 
Published: September 2015

AbstractMore than 30% of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the mobile tongue have clinically undetectable lymph node metastasis. Tumour cells can spread as single cells or collectively. A protein known to play a role in both processes is podoplanin, which is expressed in endothelial cells not only in lymph vessels but also in some aggressive tumours with high invasive and metastatic potential. Here we studied samples from 129 patients with primary SCC of the tongue for expression of podoplanin using immunohistochemistry. mRNA levels were analysed in another 27 cases of tongue SCC with adjacent clinically tumour‐free tongue tissue and 14 tongue samples from healthy donors. Higher levels of podoplanin were seen in tumours compared to both normal tongue and clinically normal tongue in the tumour vicinity. No association was found between levels of podoplanin, presence of lymph node metastases or other clinical factors. Patients aged 40 or less were more likely to express high levels of podoplanin protein compared to older patients (p = 0.027). We conclude that levels of podoplanin in primary tongue SCCs are not associated with lymph node metastases. However, tongue SCCs arising in young patients (≤40 years of age) are more likely to express high levels of podoplanin than tongue SCCs that arise in the more elderly. The data suggest that podoplanin has a distinctive role in young patients, who are known to have a poor prognosis: these patients may, therefore, benefit from podoplanin inhibitory therapies.
A novel machine learning approach to the detection of identity theft in social networks based on emulated attack instances and support vector machines
Authors: Villar‐Rodríguez E. , Del Ser J. , Torre‐Bastida A. I. , Bilbao M. N. , Salcedo‐Sanz S. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThe proliferation of social networks and their usage by a wide spectrum of user profiles has been specially notable in the last decade. A social network is frequently conceived as a strongly interlinked community of users, each featuring a compact neighborhood tightly and actively connected through different communication flows. This realm unleashes a rich substrate for a myriad of malicious activities aimed at unauthorizedly profiting from the user itself or from his/her social circle. This manuscript elaborates on a practical approach for the detection of identity theft in social networks, by which the credentials of a certain user are stolen and used without permission by the attacker for its own benefit. The proposed scheme detects identity thefts by exclusively analyzing connection time traces of the account being tested in a nonintrusive manner. The manuscript formulates the detection of this attack as a binary classification problem, which is tackled by means of a support vector classifier applied over features inferred from the original connection time traces of the user. Simulation results are discussed in depth toward elucidating the potentiality of the proposed system as the first step of a more involved impersonation detection framework, also relying on connectivity patterns and elements from language processing. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploiting geotagged resources for spatial clustering on social network services
Authors: Jung Jason J. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryNowadays, it has become common for users to geotag resources on many online social networking services. However, a large amount of data exists on social network services without annotations of their geographical location. Thus, it would be useful to tag these resources with geotags. This paper proposes a method to predict the location of unlabeled resources on social networking services. We use the Naive Bayes and support vector machine methods to classify the resources that are collected by using the term frequency of the tags in each class. In addition, we improve the calculation for these methods by using the values of the term frequency, and we invert the class frequency to optimize the input data. These results can be applied to tag unlabeled resources on social networking services. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DAC‐Hmm: detecting anomaly in cloud systems with hidden Markov models
Authors: Hong Bin , Peng Fuyang , Deng Bo , Hu Yazhou , Wang Dongxia 
Published: September 2015

SummaryCloud computing has rapidly been adopted in recent years by freeing users from the low‐level task of setting up the hardware and managing the system software. Anomaly detection is an effective approach to enhancing availability and reliability of Cloud infrastructures. Anomaly detection solution for Cloud computing systems must operate at runtime and without the need for prior knowledge about normal or anomalous behaviors. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised online anomaly detection scheme based on hidden Markov Model. Our algorithm is basically distributed and runs locally on each computing machine on the Cloud in order to achieve high scalability. Experiments performed on real data sets validate the fact that our algorithm can achieve high detection accuracy for a range of system anomalies with low overhead to the infrastructure in Cloud. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The incredible shrinking dewlap: signal size, skin elasticity, and mechanical design in the green anole lizard (Anolis carolinensis)
Authors: Lailvaux Simon P. , Leifer Jack , Kircher Bonnie K. , Johnson Michele A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe expression of male secondary sexual traits can be dynamic, changing size, shape, color, or structure over the course of different seasons. However, the factors underlying such changes are poorly understood. In male Anolis carolinensis lizards, a morphological secondary sexual signal called the dewlap changes size seasonally within individuals. Here, we test the hypothesis that seasonal changes in male dewlap size are driven by increased use and extension of the dewlap in spring and summer, when males are breeding, relative to the winter and fall. We captured male green anole lizards prior to the onset of breeding and constrained the dewlap in half of them such that it could not be extended. We then measured dewlap area in the spring, summer, and winter, and dewlap skin and belly skin elasticity in summer and winter. Dewlaps in unconstrained males increase in area from spring to summer and then shrink in the winter, whereas the dewlaps of constrained males consistently shrink from spring to winter. Dewlap skin is significantly more elastic than belly skin, and skin overall is more elastic in the summer relative to winter. These results show that seasonal changes in dewlap size are a function of skin elasticity and display frequency, and suggest that the mechanical properties of signaling structures can have important implications for signal evolution and design.
Predicting the Life Span of Dies Used for Soft Magnetic Core Motors
Authors: Tokoi Hirooki , Kobayashi Kinya , Nagashima Hideaki , Ishizawa Shuichi , Enomoto Yuji 
Published: September 2015

SUMMARYThis paper describes a method of predicting the life span of the dies used in motor manufacture from soft magnetic composites (SMCs). In the present study, a clawtooth motor was used. The method involves performing a stress analysis of a die followed by fatigue testing of test pieces. In the analysis, the SMC was assumed to be in powder form and its yield function was derived by a simple method. In addition to the analysis, we describe a simpler and more effective method in which the properties of the SMC are treated as boundary conditions. In the fatigue tests, we used test pieces that simulated the shape and construction material of the die. To predict the life span of the die, we evaluate the SN diagram, which represents the relationship between the maximum stress and fatigue life with respect to the stress generated in the die. The life expectancy of a new die, which is about 100 cycles of use, is found to agree substantially with its actual life. Furthermore, we explain how to extend the life span of a die to the targeted life span, namely, more than 200,000 cycles of use, by changing its shape to reduce stress.
Performance Evaluation of an Axial‐Type Magnetic‐Geared Motor
Authors: Morimoto Eiki , Hirata Katsuhiro , Niguchi Noboru 
Published: September 2015

SUMMARYThis paper first proposes an axial‐type magnetic‐geared motor that uses permanent magnets only in the high‐speed rotor. The operating principle of this motor is described and the torque–speed characteristics are computed by using three‐dimensional finite element method analysis. In order to increase the torque density, a novel axial‐type magnetic‐geared motor with permanent magnets on the high‐speed rotor and stator is also proposed. The torque–speed characteristics are compared to the original model with permanent magnets only on the high‐speed rotor. Finally, the computed torque–speed characteristics are verified against measurements on a prototype.
Optimal Design of Permanent Magnet Motor with Magnetic Gear and Prototype Verification
Authors: Iwasaki Norihisa , Kitamura Masashi , Enomoto Yuji 
Published: September 2015

SUMMARYWe designed a miniaturized permanent magnet synchronous motor with a magnetic gear by using an optimal design technique based on thermomagnetic field coupling analysis. To construct an even smaller motor, investigating the heat dissipation from the motor and increasing its rotation speed are necessary. We manufactured and tested the designed motor with a magnetic gear. The measured torque and motor efficiency demonstrated the high precision of the proposed design.
Robust Feedback Control for the Subsidy Policy about Plug‐In Electric Vehicle Using Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Sakamoto Noriaki , Niimura Takahide , Ozawa Kazuhiro , Takamori Hiroshi 
Published: September 2015

SUMMARYThis paper deals with robust feedback control for the subsidy policy for the purchase of plug‐in electric vehicles (EVs) and the business model of charging stands. The controlled model has three characteristics: (1) A public institution builds the charge stands. (2) The break‐even point is calculated by thinking about the maintenance cost and running cost. (3) The set value for the number of EV deployed is given. However, the model has uncertainties of parameters, is altered by the influence of the economy, and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to apply robust control logic that overcomes the uncertainties of the model. We propose that the practice of the subsidy policy is regulated by feedback control. As the control logic, we use sliding mode control. The simulation results show the advantages to a person planning an EV purchase and to the charge stand manager, and demonstrate that sliding mode control is a control logic that is effective in the social model.
Optimal Energy Management for Smart Grid System Considering Battery Characteristics
Authors: Mukai Tatsuya , Igari Shunsuke , Namerikawa Toru 
Published: September 2015

SUMMARYThis paper discusses optimal energy management considering battery characteristics for smart grid and microgrid systems. Energy storage systems are very important for energy peak shifting and peak load cutting in microgrid and smart grid systems, but optimal battery formulation and energy management in the use of expensive energy storage system and methods of taking account of battery characteristics are still in the developmental stage. First, the optimal battery placement for a smart grid system with lithium‐ion batteries is considered as a means of lifetime extension. The battery choice index for this optimal battery utilization problem of optimal energy management is discussed. Second, a smart grid system with a distributed battery system for grid frequency control with consideration of distributed control and battery characteristics is discussed. Optimal controllers for distributed battery systems to reduce the battery load and to expend the battery lifetime are designed. Simulations are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with conventional methods.
New approaches to virgin olive oil quality, technology, and by‐products valorization
Authors: Servili Maurizio , Esposto Sonia , Taticchi Agnese , Urbani Stefania , Di Maio Ilona , Veneziani Gianluca , Selvaggini Roberto 
Published: September 2015

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) merchandize quality is based on analytical parameters describing alteration status and assuring genuineness, but qualitative/quantitative composition of those quality markers related to health and sensory aspects such as monounsaturated fatty acids, phenolic compounds as secoiridoid derivatives, and C5 and C6 volatile compounds are not mentioned. This paper focuses on the new approaches to the definition of EVOO quality that might include also healthy and sensory parameters and on the agronomic and technological factors that most influence their variability. Crushing and malaxation are discussed as critical points of the technological process since their direct involvement on the phenolic release and on the aroma generation. Variables such as time, temperature, and oxygen level, during malaxation, were analyzed to design new implant systems for the improvement of EVOO quality. Flash thermal conditioning (FTC) of the crushed olive pastes was briefly discussed as a new approach to the technological process. The rapid reaching of the optimal malaxing temperature seems to improve polyphenols and volatile concentration. The paper shows also recent studies on the valorization of the mechanical extraction co‐products as stoned pomaces for the animal feeding and vegetation waters phenolic concentrates and extracts for functional foods and ingredients production. This article provides an overview of the Author keynote lecture delivered at the Euro Fed Lipid Congress and focuses on the group's works.The GA report, shows the new approach to the EVOO technological process through the use of the flash thermal conditioning (FTC) of the crushed olive pastes to improve EVOO quality and the results obtained in terms of by‐products valorization showing the new applications of pomaces as animal feed supplement and the recovery of the crude phenolic concentrate (CPC) from olive vegetation water that could be used for functional food and ingredients production.
Adding talc particles improves physical properties of palm oil‐based shortening
Authors: Yoshikawa Shinichi , Kida Haruyasu , Matsumura Yasuki , Sato Kiyotaka 
Published: September 2015

This paper reports the effects of adding talc particles on the physical properties of palm oil (PO)‐based shortening formed by working refined PO (RPO) after rapid cooling. We examined the thermal and viscoelastic behavior of RPO in bulk fat systems, and the polymorphism and hardness of the shortening in the presence and absence of talc particles. In addition, the microstructure of fat crystals formed was observed. The effects of talc addition are summarized as follows: (i) When RPO was cooled at a rate of 5°C/min, crystallization of the high‐melting fraction, including tripalmitoylglycerol (PPP) and 1,3‐dipalmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl glycerol (POP), was preferentially promoted to form small‐sized microcrystals. During cooling, the increase in the viscoelasticity of RPO was suppressed at low temperatures. (ii) When the shortening was stored at 5°C, β′‐crystallization of 1‐palmitoyl‐2,3‐dioleoyl glycerol (POO) and β‐crystallization, probably of a molecular compound (MC) of POP and 1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐3‐oleoyl glycerol (PPO), were delayed compared to β′‐crystallization of PPP and POP. During storage, the homogeneity of the fat crystal dispersion improved and the hardness of the shortening decreased. These results indicate that talc improved the physical properties of the PO‐based shortening by changing the crystallization kinetics and the networking processes of the fat crystals.Practical applications: The present study showed that adding talc particles effectively improved the physical properties of palm oil (PO)‐based shortening during storage. This is considered beneficial for resolving problems in the quality control of PO‐based products, such as post‐hardening and the formation of granular crystals due to low rates of crystallization.Storage modulus (G′) of refined palm oil (RPO) with and without talc particles in bulk fat systems, obtained from dynamic viscoelasticity measurements during cooling at a rate of 5°C/min. Adding talc particles drastically changed the three‐stage increases in G′ of pure RPO, promoting the first‐stage increase but suppressing subsequent increases at low temperatures.
Ozone pretreatment of humid wheat straw for biofuel production
Authors: Al jibouri Ali Kamel H. , Turcotte Ginette , Wu Jiangning , Cheng Chil‐Hung 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn an attempt to maximize the amount of ozone reacting with lignin inside humid wheat straw, some of the ozone‐reactive lignin degradation products were washed away before a second ozonolysis delignification stage. The total contact time for the two stages was kept the same as that for a one‐stage process for comparison. A significant decrease in the Acid Insoluble Lignin (AIL) content of the straw resulted: from 13.04 wt. % (after a 30‐min one‐stage ozonolysis) to 9.34 wt. % (after a 30‐min two‐stage ozonolysis, separated by a washing step). This significant improvement was accompanied by an increase in released fermentable sugars from an enzymatic hydrolysis. The yield increased from 60% theoretical sugars to 80%. A further improvement in AIL (down to 7.36 wt. %) and released sugars (up to 90% theoretical) occurred when the moisture content (MC) of the straw entering the second stage was adjusted to the optimum value of the straw entering first stage (45 wt. %, predicted from an experimental design). The authors believe this is the first time results are published for the introduction of a two‐stage process separated by a washing step.
Oxidative stress‐related DNA damage and homologous recombination repairing induced by N,N‐dimethylformamide
Authors: Wang Cui , Yang Jinhuan , Lu Dezhao , Fan Yongsheng , Zhao Meirong , Li Zhuoyu 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe intensified anthropogenic release of N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) has been proven to have hepatotoxic effects. However, the potential mechanism for DMF‐induced toxicity has rarely been investigated. Our research implicated that DMF induced a significantly dose‐dependent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HL‐7702 human liver cells. Moreover, oxidative stress‐related DNA damage, marked as 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine, was increased 1.5‐fold at 100 mmol l–1. The most severe DNA lesion (double‐strand break, DSB), measured as the formation of γH2AX foci, was increased at/above 6.4 mmol l–1, and approximately 50% of cells underwent DSB at the peak induction. Subsequently, the DNA repair system triggered by molecules of RAD50 and MRE11A induced the homologous recombination (HR) pathway by upregulation of both gene and protein levels of RAD50, RAD51, XRCC2 and XRCC3 at 16 mmol l–1 and was attenuated at 40 mmol l–1. Consequently, cellular death observed at 40 mmol l–1 was exaggerated compared with exposure at 16 mmol l–1. Although the exact mechanism relying on the DMF‐induced hepatotoxicity needs further clarification, oxidative stress and DNA damage involved in DSBs partially explain the reason for DMF‐induced liver injury. Oxidative stress‐induced DNA damage should be first considered during risk assessment on liver‐targeted chemicals. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influences of Quantum Mechanically Mixed Electronic and Vibrational Pigment States in 2D Electronic Spectra of Photosynthetic Systems: Strong Electronic Coupling Cases
Authors: Fujihashi Yuta , Fleming Graham R. , Ishizaki Akihito 
Published: September 2015

AbstractIn 2D electronic spectroscopy studies, long‐lived quantum beats have recently been observed in photosynthetic systems, and several theoretical studies have suggested that the beats are produced by quantum mechanically mixed electronic and vibrational states. Concerning the electronic‐vibrational quantum mixtures, the impact of protein‐induced fluctuations was examined by calculating the 2D electronic spectra of a weakly coupled dimer with the Franck‐Condon active vibrational modes in the resonant condition [Fujihashi et al., J. Chem. Phys.­ 2015, 142, 212403.]. This analysis demonstrated that quantum mixtures of the vibronic resonance are rather robust under the influence of the fluctuations at cryogenic temperatures, whereas the mixtures are eradicated by the fluctuations at physiological temperatures. However, this conclusion cannot be generalized because the magnitude of the coupling inducing the quantum mixtures is proportional to the inter‐pigment electronic coupling. In this study, we explore the impact of the fluctuations on electronic‐vibrational quantum mixtures in a strongly coupled dimer with an off‐resonant vibrational mode. Toward this end, we calculate energy transfer dynamics and 2D electronic spectra of a model dimer that corresponds to the most strongly coupled bacteriochlorophyll molecules in the Fenna‐Matthews‐Olson complex in a numerically accurate manner. The quantum mixtures are found to be robust under the exposure of protein‐induced fluctuations at cryogenic temperatures, irrespective of the resonance. At 300 K, however, the quantum mixing is disturbed more strongly by the fluctuations, and therefore, the beats in the 2D spectra become obscure even in a strongly coupled dimer with a resonant vibrational mode. Further, the overall behaviors of the energy transfer dynamics are demonstrated to be dominated by the environment and coupling between the 0 0 vibronic transitions as long as the Huang‐Rhys factor of the vibrational mode is small. The electronic‐vibrational quantum mixtures do not necessarily play a significant role in electronic energy transfer dynamics despite contributing to the enhancement of long‐lived quantum beating in the 2D spectra.
The Strongest Correlates of PTSD for Firefighters: Number, Recency, Frequency, or Perceived Threat of Traumatic Events?
Authors: Pinto Ricardo J. , Henriques Sandra P. , Jongenelen Inês , Carvalho Cláudia , Maia Ângela C. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractFirefighters experience a wide range of traumatic events while on duty and are at risk to develop psychopathology and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). According to cognitive models, the person's interpretation of the traumatic event is responsible for the development of PTSD rather than the traumatic event itself. This cross‐sectional study aimed to explore the contribution of perceived threat to explain PTSD symptoms in Portuguese firefighters, after adjusting for potential confounding factors. A sample of 397 firefighters completed self‐report measures of exposure to traumatic events, psychopathology, and PTSD. Perceived threat explained unique variance in PTSD symptoms, R2 = .40, ΔR2 = .02, F(10, 367) = 24.55, p < .001, Cohen's f2 =.03, after adjusting for psychopathology, number, recency, and frequency of the events, and other potential confounding variables. The association between psychopathology and PTSD was also moderated by perceived threat, R2 = .43, ΔR2 = .03, F(11, 366) = 25.33, p < .001, Cohen's f2 =.05. Firefighters may benefit from interventions that focus on perceived threat to prevent PTSD symptoms.