bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of periodicity of repetitive linear enamel hypoplasia from perikymata counts on imbricational enamel among dry‐adapted chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) from Fongoli, Senegal
Authors: Skinner Mark F. , Pruetz Jill D. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPeriodicity of repetitive linear enamel hypoplasia (rLEH) in apes from high latitudes with single wet and dry seasons annually has not been described. We reconstruct periodicity and duration of rLEH in canine teeth from three recently deceased chimpanzees from Fongoli, Senegal with a marked seven‐month dry season. High‐resolution dental molds were taken in the field for magnified imaging with digital microscopy. Photomontages allowed counting of perikymata between episodes of rLEH for reconstruction of periodicity and duration of physiological stress. Where rLEH spans the imbricational enamel, the number of events is consistent with years required to form canine imbricational enamel; i.e., periodicity of rLEH seems circannual. We predicted perikymata counts between rLEH events ranging from 52 to 61 based on reported “long counts” of 7–6 days. Counts ranged from 29.5 to 44, individual mean of 36.7. This discrepancy could be explained by recurrent stress with a periodicity of 7.2–8.4 months, or by long counts of 10 days per stria. Neither is supported in the literature. Since we find evidence of rLEH with circannual periodicity, we postulate the existence of non‐emergent imbricational striae. Based on evidence that stress at Fongoli recurs annually, we reconstruct stress duration of 2–3 months, longer than reported for chimpanzees living in other habitats, which we attribute to heat stress and food shortage near shrinking waterholes. We conclude that canine teeth from a small mortality cohort of chimpanzees at Fongoli preserve a faithful record of dry season stress in an extreme environment. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Revisiting the Gain–Loss Separability Assumption in Prospect Theory
Authors: Por Han‐Hui , Budescu David V. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTA fundamental assumption of prospect theory is gain–loss separability (GLS)—the assertion that the overall utility of a prospect can be expressed as a function of the utilities of its positive and negative components. Violations of GLS may potentially limit the generalization of results from studies of single‐domain prospects to mixed prospects and systematically distort the predictions of the theory. Violations also have implications for how choices with positive and negative components should be presented to decision makers. Previous studies, using different elicitation methods, have documented different rates, and types, of systematic violations of GLS. We discuss the differences between two specific elicitation methods—binary choice and certainty equivalents—and report results of a new study of GLS using both methods and randomly generated prospects. We compare the extent and nature of GLS violations under the two elicitation methods using between‐subject and within‐subject analyses. We find (i) systematic violations of GLS under both methods, (ii) higher rates of violations under choice, (iii) higher sensitivity to the outcomes for the certainty equivalents, which is consistent with the predictions of the scale‐compatibility hypothesis, and (iv) different patterns of violations under the two methods, which are explained by method‐specific preferences. We discuss the psychological mechanisms underlying the findings and the implications for presenting information with gain and loss components. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vitro selection of sialic acid specific RNA aptamer and its application to the rapid sensing of sialic acid modified sugars
Authors: Cho Suhyung , Lee Bo‐Rahm , Cho Byung‐Kwan , Kim June‐Hyung , Kim Byung‐Gee 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSialic acids (SAs) are located on the terminal positions of glycan on a cell surface, which play important role in the spread and metastasis of cancer cells and infection of pathogen. For their detection and diagnosis, the finding of SA specific ligand is an essential prerequisite. Here, RNA aptamer for N‐acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), a representative of SAs, with the high affinity of 1.35 nM and the selectivity was screened by in vitro selection method. The strong binding of the screened aptamer was enough to protect the hydrolysis of Neu5Ac by neuraminidase with the stoichiometry of 1:1 molar ratio. For the rapid detection of SAs, the RNA aptamer was further engineered to the aptazyme sensor by conjugating with a ribozyme following the characterization of selected aptamer by RNase footprinting assay. Without additional desialylation, modification, or/and purification processes, the aptazyme indicated high catalytic activities in the presence of Neu5Ac over 20 µM in several minutes. Also, we observed that the aptazyme sensor shows high sensitivities to Neu5Ac‐conjugated sugars as well as Neu5Ac monomer, but not in non‐Neu5Ac modified sugars. The aptamer for Neu5Ac can support valuable tools in a wide range of bioanalytical applications as well as biosensors. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 905–913. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reconstitution of cellulose and lignin after [C2mim][OAc] pretreatment and its relation to enzymatic hydrolysis
Authors: Yuan Tong‐Qi , Wang Wei , Zhang Li‐Ming , Xu Feng , Sun Run‐Cang 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAlthough the effects of cellulose crystallinity and lignin content as two major structural features on enzymatic hydrolysis have been extensively studied, debates regarding their effects still exist. In this study, reconstitution of cellulose and lignin after 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]) pretreatment was proposed as a new method to study their effects on enzymatic digestibility. Different mechanisms of lignin content for reduction of cellulose hydrolysis were found between the proposed method and the traditional method (mixing of cellulose and lignin). The results indicated that a slight change of the crystallinity of the reconstituted materials may play a minor role in the change of enzyme efficiency. In addition, the present study suggested that the lignin content does not significantly affect the digestibility of cellulose, whereas the conversion of cellulose fibers from the cellulose I to the cellulose II crystal phase plays an important role when an ionic liquid pretreatment of biomass was conducted. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 729–736. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Allylation–Cyclization Reactions of Cyclic 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds with 1‐Vinyl Propargyl Alcohols
Authors: Jonek Anita , Berger Stefanie , Haak Edgar 
Published: October 2012

AbstractRuthenium‐catalyzed allylation–cyclization reactions of cyclic 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with 1‐vinyl propargyl alcohols that lead to diverse carbo‐ or heterocyclic products in a one‐pot cascade process are reported. These mechanistically distinct reactions are catalyzed by a single ruthenium(0) complex that contains a redox‐coupled dienone ligand. The reaction pathway strongly depends on the substrate substitution pattern, which determines the mode of activation of the 1‐vinyl propargyl alcohol. The environmentally benign process, which generates water as the only waste product, is of wide scope and allows the atom‐economic synthesis of highly functionalized furans, pyrans, and spirocarbocycles.
Synthesis and Self‐Organization of Zinc β‐(Dialkoxyphosphoryl)porphyrins in the Solid State and in Solution
Authors: Vinogradova Ekaterina V. , Enakieva Yulia Y. , Nefedov Sergey E. , Birin Kirill P. , Tsivadze Aslan Y. , Gorbunova Yulia G. , Bessmertnykh Lemeune Alla G. , Stern Christine , Guilard Roger 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe first synthesis and self‐organization of zinc β‐phosphorylporphyrins in the solid state and in solution are reported. β‐Dialkoxyphosphoryl‐5,10,15,20‐tetraphenylporphyrins and their ZnII complexes have been synthesized in good yields by using Pd‐ and Cu‐mediated carbon–phosphorous bond‐forming reactions. The Cu‐mediated reaction allowed to prepare the mono‐β‐(dialkoxyphosphoryl)porphyrins 1 Zn–3 Zn starting from the β‐bromo‐substituted zinc porphyrinate ZnTPPBr (TPP=tetraphenylporphyrin) and dialkyl phosphites HP(O)(OR)2 (R=Et, iPr, nBu). The derivatives 1 Zn–3 Zn were obtained in good yields by using one to three equivalents of CuI. When the reaction was carried out in the presence of catalytic amounts of palladium complexes in toluene, the desired zinc derivative 1 Zn was obtained in up to 72 % yield. The use of a Pd‐catalyzed CP bond‐forming reaction was further extended to the synthesis of β‐poly(dialkoxyphosphoryl)porphyrins. An unprecedented one‐pot sequence involving consecutive reduction and phosphorylation of H2TPPBr4 led to the formation of a mixture of the 2,12‐ and 2,13‐bis(dialkoxy)phosphorylporphyrins 5 H2 and 6 H2 in 81 % total yield. According to the X‐ray diffraction studies, 1 Zn and 3 Zn are partially overlapped cofacial dimers formed through the coordination of two Zn centers by two phosphoryl groups belonging to the adjacent molecules. The equilibrium between the monomeric and the dimeric species exists in solutions of 1 Zn and 3 Zn in weakly polar solvents according to spectroscopic data (UV/Vis absorption and NMR spectroscopy). The ratio of each form is dependent on the concentration, temperature, and traces of water or methanol. These features demonstrated that zinc β‐phosphorylporphyrins can be regarded as new model compounds for the weakly coupled chlorophyll pair in the photosynthesis process.
(110)‐Oriented ZIF‐8 Thin Films on ITO with Controllable Thickness
Authors: Hou Chuantao , Xu Qin , Peng Jinyun , Ji Zhengping , Hu Xiaoya 
Published: October 2012

Abstract(110)‐oriented zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)‐8 thin films with controllable thickness are successfully deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes at room temperature. The method applied uses 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) in the form of self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs), followed by a subsequent adoption of the layer‐by‐layer (LBL) method. The crystallographic preferential orientation (CPO) index shows that the ZIF‐8 thin films are (110)‐oriented. A possible mechanism for the growth of the (110)‐oriented ZIF‐8 thin films on 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane modified ITO is proposed. The observed cross‐sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and photoluminescent (PL) spectra of the ZIF‐8 thin films indicate that the thickness of the ZIF‐8 layers is proportional to the number of growth cycles. The extension of such a SAM method for the fabrication of ZIF‐8 thin films as described herein should be applicable in other ZIF materials, and the as‐prepared ZIF‐8 thin films on ITO may be explored for photoelectrochemical applications.
Prognostic impact of human papillomavirus status, survivin, and epidermal growth factor receptor expression on survival in patients treated with radiochemotherapy for very advanced nonresectable oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Semrau Robert , Duerbaum Helena , Temming Susanne , Huebbers Christian , Stenner Markus , Drebber Uta , Klussmann Jens Peter , Müller Rolf‐Peter , Preuss Simon F. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe influence of human papillomavirus (HPV) status on survival for patients with very advanced inoperable oropharyngeal SCC treated with radiochemotherapy (RCT) was studied.MethodsPatients received either 69.2 Gy with concomitant boost (ccb) or 70 Gy conventionally fractionated (cf), weekly paclitaxel 40 mg/m2, and carboplatin area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) 1. Tumor was analyzed for the presence of high‐risk HPV‐DNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct DNA sequencing. p16‐expression, survivin, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and influence on survival was calculated.ResultsOf 52 patients, 25.0% were HPV positive and 75.0% HPV negative. The 2‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) was 70.1% for p16‐positive patients and 37.1% for p16‐negative patients (p = .005). The 3‐year overall survival (OS) rate was 43.9% for all patients and did not significantly differ between the groups. Neither survivin nor EGFR expression influenced PFS or OS significantly.ConclusionsHPV status influences PFS in patients with advanced, nonresectable tumor stages but not OS. Additional risk factors seem to have a stronger influence on survival than HPV status. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Patterns of musculoskeletal pain in the population: A latent class analysis using a nationally representative interviewer‐based survey of 4817 Danes
Authors: Hartvigsen J. , Davidsen M. , Hestbaek L. , Sogaard K. , Roos E.M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundPain from the musculoskeletal system often occurs in more than one site. This appears to affect prognosis negatively. Knowledge about specific pain patterns is lacking.ObjectivesTo define specific patterns of musculoskeletal co‐complaints occurring alongside a primary musculoskeletal complaint.MethodsUsing data from an interview‐based health survey of a nationally representative sample of the adult Danish population in 1991 (n = 4817), we describe the co‐occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints. Using latent class analysis, we identify clusters of musculoskeletal complaints.ResultsForty percent reported a complaint during a 2‐week period; the most common being the low back, neck, shoulder, and knee, and 40% reported more than one complaint. Two latent classes were found for each of the nine primary pain sites except for the low back where three were found. For all primary pain areas, the largest class had site‐specific pain only, whereas the smallest class had diffuse pain covering large parts of the body. For participants with a primary musculoskeletal complaint in the spine, the highest probabilities for co‐complaints were at other sites in the spine. For primary complaints in the extremities, co‐complaints occurred most commonly at adjacent areas. One noticeable exception was a primary complaint of knee pain where co‐complaints were found in more remote areas as the neck and low back.ConclusionsUnique clusters of musculoskeletal co‐complaints can be determined based on primary pain site. These patterns are different for persons with a primary complaint in the spine compared with persons with a primary complaint in the extremities.
Reaction energetics on long‐range corrected density functional theory: Diels–Alder reactions
Authors: Singh Raman K. , Tsuneda Takao 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe possibility of quantitative reaction analysis on the orbital energies of long‐range corrected density functional theory (LC‐DFT) is presented. First, we calculated the Diels–Alder reaction enthalpies that have been poorly given by conventional functionals including B3LYP functional. As a result, it is found that the long‐range correction drastically improves the reaction enthalpies. The barrier height energies were also computed for these reactions. Consequently, we found that dispersion correlation correction is also crucial to give accurate barrier height energies. It is, therefore, concluded that both long‐range exchange interactions and dispersion correlations are essentially required in conventional functionals to investigate Diels–Alder reactions quantitatively. After confirming that LC‐DFT accurately reproduces the orbital energies of the reactant and product molecules of the Diels–Alder reactions, the global hardness responses, the halves of highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)‐lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy gaps, along the intrinsic reaction coordinates of two Diels–Alder reactions were computed. We noticed that LC‐DFT results satisfy the maximum hardness rule for overall reaction paths while conventional functionals violate this rule on the reaction pathways. Furthermore, our results also show that the HOMO‐LUMO gap variations are close to the reaction enthalpies for these Diels–Alder reactions. Based on these results, we foresee quantitative reaction analysis on the orbital energies. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A pivotal role of bone remodeling in granulocyte colony stimulating factor induced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells mobilization
Authors: Li Sidan , Zhai Qiongli , Zou Dehui , Meng Hengxing , Xie Zhenqing , Li Changhong , Wang Yafei , Qi Junyuan , Cheng Tao , Qiu Lugui 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe majority of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) reside in bone marrow (BM) surrounded by a specialized environment, which governs HSPC function. Here we investigated the potential role of bone remodeling cells (osteoblasts and osteoclasts) in homeostasis and stress‐induced HSPC mobilization. Peripheral blood (PB) and BM in steady/mobilized state were collected from healthy donors undergoing allogeneic transplantation and from mice treated with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF), parathyroid hormone (PTH), or receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand (RANKL). The number and the functional markers of osteoblasts and osteoclasts were checked by a series of experiments. Our data showed that the number of CD45−Ter119− osteopontin (OPN)+ osteoblasts was significantly reduced from 4,085 ± 135 cells/femur on Day 0 to 1,032 ± 55 cells/femur on Day 5 in mice (P = 0.02) and from 21.38 ± 0.66 on Day 0 to 14.78 ± 0.65 on Day 5 in healthy donors (P < 0.01). Decrease of osteoblast number leads to reduced level of HSPC mobilization regulators stromal cell‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1), stem cell factor (SCF), and OPN. The osteoclast number at bone surface (OC.N/B.s) was significantly increased from 1.53 ± 0.12 on Day 0 to 4.42 ± 0.46 on Day 5 (P < 0.01) in G‐CSF‐treated mice and from 0.88 ± 0.20 on Day 0 to 3.24 ± 0.31 on Day 5 (P < 0.01) in human. Serum TRACP‐5b level showed a biphasic trend during G‐CSF treatment. The ratio of osteoblasts number per bone surface (OB.N/B.s) to OC.N/B.s was changed after adding PTH plus RANKL during G‐CSF treatment. In conclusion, short term G‐CSF treatment leads to reduction of osteoblasts and stimulation of osteoclasts, and interrupting bone remodeling balance may contribute to HSPC mobilization. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mesenchymal stem cells contribute to endogenous FVIII:c production
Authors: Sanada Chad , Kuo Chung‐Jung , Colletti Evan J. , Soland Melisa , Mokhtari Saloomeh , Knovich Mary Ann , Owen John , Zanjani Esmail D. , Porada Christopher D. , Almeida‐Porada Graça 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBesides the liver, it has been difficult to identify which organ(s) and/or cellular component(s) contribute significantly to the production of human FVIII:c (FVIII). Thus far, only endothelial cells have been shown to constitute a robust extrahepatic source of FVIII, possibly explaining both the diverse presence of FVIII mRNA in the body, and the observed increase in FVIII levels during liver failure. Here, we investigate whether human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), ubiquitously present in different organs, could also contribute to FVIII production. MSC isolated from human lung, liver, brain, and bone marrow expressed FVIII message as determined by quantitative‐RT‐PCR. Using an antibody specific for FVIII, confocal microscopy, and umbilical cord‐derived endothelial cells (HUVEC) as a negative control, we demonstrated that, in MSC, FVIII protein was not stored in granules; rather, it localized to the perinuclear region. Furthermore, functional FVIII was detected in MSC supernatants and cell lysates by aPTT and chromogenic assays. These results demonstrate that MSC can contribute at low levels to the functional FVIII pool, and advance the understanding of the physiology of FVIII production and secretion. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cerebrospinal fluid miRNA profile in HIV‐encephalitis
Authors: Pacifici Marco , Delbue Serena , Ferrante Pasquale , Jeansonne Duane , Kadri Ferdous , Nelson Steve , Velasco‐Gonzalez Cruz , Zabaleta Jovanny , Peruzzi Francesca 
Published: October 2012

AbstractMicroRNAs are short non‐coding RNAs that modulate gene expression by translational repression. Because of their high stability in intracellular as well as extracellular environments, miRNAs have recently emerged as important biomarkers in several human diseases. However, they have not been tested in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of HIV‐1 positive individuals. Here, we present results of a study aimed at determining the feasibility of detecting miRNAs in the CSF of HIV‐infected individuals with and without encephalitis (HIVE). We also evaluated similarities and differences between CSF and brain tissue miRNAs in the same clinical setting. We utilized a high throughput approach of miRNA detection arrays and identified differentially expressed miRNAs in the frontal cortex of three cases each of HIV+, HIVE, and HIV− controls, and CSF of 10 HIV‐positive and 10 HIV‐negative individuals. For the CSF samples, the group of HIV+ individuals contained nine cases of HIV‐associated neurological disorders (HAND) and, among those, four had HIVE. All the HIV‐negative samples had non‐viral acute disseminate encephalomyelitis. A total of 66 miRNAs were found differentially regulated in HIV+ compared to HIV− groups. The greatest difference in miRNA expression was observed when four cases of HIVE were compared to five non‐HIVE cases, previously normalized with the HIV‐negative group. After statistical analyses, 11 miRNAs were fund significantly up‐regulated in HIVE. Although more clinical samples should be examined, this work represents the first report of CSF miRNAs in HIV‐infection and offers the basis for future investigation. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dysphonia and dermatomyositis: An unusual manifestation
Authors: Wood Megan Wilson , McNeill Elena , Mims J. Whit , Wright S. Carter 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe report a case of a 39‐year‐old female with a recent diagnosis of dermatomyositis and dysphonia. Dermatomyositis is a connective tissue disease with multisystem involvement: cardiac, pulmonary, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and dermatologic are the most common. While dermatomyositis affects thousands of individuals in the United States, laryngeal involvement has only been described in a single case report to date.
Inhibition of starch digestion by the green tea polyphenol, (−)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate
Authors: Forester Sarah C. , Gu Yeyi , Lambert Joshua D. 
Published: October 2012

ScopeGreen tea has been shown to ameliorate symptoms of metabolic syndrome in vivo. The effects could be due, in part, to modulation of postprandial blood glucose levels.Methods and resultsWe examined the effect of coadministration of (−)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG, 100 mg/kg, i.g.) on blood glucose levels following oral administration of common corn starch (CCS), maltose, sucrose, or glucose to fasted CF‐1 mice. We found that cotreatment with EGCG significantly reduced postprandial blood glucose levels after administration of CCS compared to control mice (50 and 20% reduction in peak blood glucose levels and blood glucose area under the curve, respectively). EGCG had no effect on postprandial blood glucose following administration of maltose or glucose, suggesting that EGCG may modulate amylase‐mediated starch digestion. In vitro, EGCG noncompetitively inhibited pancreatic amylase activity by 34% at 20 μM. No significant change was induced in the expression of two small intestinal glucose transporters (GLUT2 and SGLT1).ConclusionsOur results suggest that EGCG acutely reduces postprandial blood glucose levels in mice when coadministered with CCS and this may be due in part to inhibition of α‐amylase. The relatively low effective dose of EGCG makes a compelling case for studies in human subjects.