bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysing Place and Place‐making: Urbanization in Suburban Oslo
Authors: Røe Per Gunnar 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDespite developments within planning theory challenging the ideal of the rational master plan it may be argued that there is still use for the production of knowledge through analysis in planning. However, the cultural complexity of today's planning contexts, and a move towards governance and entrepreneurial policies, makes it difficult to make places, to achieve social welfare and sustainability. Traditionally, the analysis of places has been done by architects and planners focusing on physical form, having an essentialist perspective of place resembling the theory of genius loci. In Norway, the planning authorities refined this methodology in the 1990s. This approach is, however, not in tune with a progressive view of places as multiple and dynamic social constructions, and may be accused of ‘symbolic violence’. If one is to take this view seriously and still be able to make plans, planning must also be based on other types of knowledge. In this article I argue for a socio‐cultural approach to reveal social representations and practices that make a place. I use the case of place‐making in Sandvika, a suburban ‘minicity’ outside Oslo, as an example of how a constructivist understanding differs from and may supplement an essentialist approach.
Teaching experiences of students with special educational needs in co‐taught and non‐co‐taught classes
Authors: Strogilos Vasilis , Avramidis Elias 
Published: December 2013

Co‐teaching has gained considerable interest as a service delivery model for promoting the inclusion of students with special educational needs (SEN) in mainstream classrooms. This study examines whether co‐teaching has an effect on the teaching experiences of 12 students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 10 students with intellectual disability (ID) as compared with the experiences of the same students in non‐co‐taught classes. We implemented 264 structured observations in 22 classes to identify students with SEN grouping arrangements, level of engagement, interactions with teachers and peers, and the nature of the interactions. We also conducted 44 structured interviews with co‐teachers to compound their perceptions with our observations.Observational results indicate that co‐teaching has a strong effect on students' with SEN level of engagement and on the nature of interactions. The grouping arrangements for these students and their interactions with teachers and peers were slightly different between co‐taught and non‐co‐taught classes. More statistically significant differences were identified between the two conditions for students with ASD than for students with ID. Also, co‐teachers reported that co‐teaching had a positive effect on students with SEN in all researched variables. Our study concludes that co‐teaching has some positive effect on the teaching experiences of students with SEN; nevertheless, there is still scope for improving the employment of co‐teaching in Greek mainstream classrooms. Implications of these findings for current practice are discussed.
Seasonal occurrence of Aphis glycines and physiological responses of soybean plants to its feeding
Authors: Wang Xing‐Ya , Zhou Li‐Hong , Xu Biao , Xing Xing , Xu Guo‐Qing 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe soybean aphid Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is an important pest of soybean in China. To monitor and manage this pest effectively it is necessary to understand its population dynamics and demographics, as well as the physiological responses of soybean plants to its feeding. In this study, using field surveying and suction‐trap monitoring, we investigated the population dynamics of the soybean aphid in Xiuyan County, Liaoning Province in northeastern China during 2009–2012. The results indicated that the population dynamics of the soybean aphid followed a unimodal curve distribution, with the insect generally colonizing soybean fields from the middle of June to early July and the population reaching a peak between early July and early August. On the whole, soybean aphids occurred in suction‐traps at least 2 weeks earlier than they were found in field surveys. A total of 72 alates were collected by suction‐trapping over the 4 years, with the earliest alate captures occurring on 28 May in 2009, 2011, 2012 and 4 June in 2010. The life table parameters clearly showed that this aphid had a short doubling time (4.73 ± 0.21 days), and 7.36 ± 0.98 nymphs were produced by a soybean aphid adult during its lifetime (13.57 ± 0.30 days). Finally, biochemical assays indicated that the amount of malondialdehyde and the activities of four defense‐related enzymes in soybean leaves significantly changed between 0 day and 7 days of aphid infestation. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and catalase (CAT) activities increased more dramatically after 1 day of aphid feeding. In addition, significantly higher levels of superoxide dismutase and CAT were found after aphid feeding for 7 days, whereas there was no significant change in the activities of peroxidase and PPO. Consequently, this study will be beneficial in determining the seasonal occurrence of the soybean aphid and selecting insect‐resistant soybean varieties, and thus in developing a theoretical framework for appropriate management strategies.
[18F]MK‐9470 PET measurement of cannabinoid CB1 receptor availability in chronic cannabis users
Authors: Ceccarini Jenny , Kuepper Rebecca , Kemels Dieter , van Os Jim , Henquet Cécile , Van Laere Koen 
Published: December 2013

AbstractΔ9‐Tetrahydrocannabinol, the main psychoactive component of cannabis, exerts its central effects through activation of the cerebral type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor. Pre‐clinical studies have provided evidence that chronic cannabis exposure is linked to decreased CB1 receptor expression and this is thought to be a component underlying drug tolerance and dependence. In this study, we make first use of the selective high‐affinity positron emission tomography (PET) ligand [18F]MK‐9470 to obtain in vivo measurements of cerebral CB1 receptor availability in 10 chronic cannabis users (age = 26.0 ± 4.1 years). Each patient underwent [18F]MK‐9470 PET within the first week following the last cannabis consumption. A population of 10 age‐matched healthy subjects (age = 23.0 ± 2.9 years) was used as control group. Parametric modified standardized uptake value images, reflecting CB1 receptor availability, were calculated. Statistical parametric mapping and volume‐of‐interest (VOI) analyses of CB1 receptor availability were performed. Compared with controls, cannabis users showed a global decrease in CB1 receptor availability (−11.7 percent). VOI‐based analysis demonstrated that the CB1 receptor decrease was significant in the temporal lobe (−12.7 percent), anterior (−12.6 percent) and posterior cingulate cortex (−13.5 percent) and nucleus accumbens (−11.2 percent). Voxel‐based analysis confirmed this decrease and regional pattern in CB1 receptor availability in cannabis users. These findings revealed that chronic cannabis use may alter specific regional CB1 receptor expression through neuroadaptive changes in CB1 receptor availability, opening the way for the examination of specific CB1‐cannabis addiction interactions which may predict future cannabis‐related treatment outcome.
Assessing the test–retest repeatability of theVietnamese version of theNationalEyeInstitute 25‐itemVisualFunctionQuestionnaire among bilateral cataract patients for aVietnamese population
Authors: To Kien Gia , Meuleners Lynn , Chen Huei‐Yang , Lee Andy , Van Do Dung , Van Duong Dat , Phi Tien Duy , Tran Hoang Huy , Nguyen Nguyen Do 
Published: December 2013

AimTo determine the test–retest repeatability of the National Eye Institute 25‐item Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ‐25) for use with olderVietnamese adults with bilateral cataract.MethodsThe questionnaire was translated intoVietnamese and back‐translated intoEnglish by two independent translators. Patients with bilateral cataract aged 50 and older completed the questionnaire on two separate occasions, one to two weeks after first administration of the questionnaire. Test–retest repeatability was assessed using theCronbach's α and intraclass correlation coefficients.ResultsThe average age of participants was 67±8 years and most participants were female (73%). Internal consistency was acceptable with theαcoefficient above 0.7 for all subscales and intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.6 or greater in all subscales.ConclusionTheVietnameseNEI VFQ‐25 is reliable for use in studies assessing vision‐related quality of life in older adults with bilateral cataract inVietnam. We propose some modifications to theNEI‐VFQquestions to reflect activities of older people in Vietnam.
Immune Profiling of BALB/C and C57BL/6 Mice Reveals a Correlation Between Ureaplasma parvum‐Induced Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome‐Like Pathology and Increased Placental Expression of TLR2 and CD14
Authors: Allam Ayman B. , von Chamier Maria , Brown Mary B. , Reyes Leticia 
Published: December 2013

ProblemBoth BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice are susceptible to intrauterine infection with Ureaplasma parvum, but only protypical TH2/M2 BALB/c mice develop severe chorioamnionitis, fetal infection, and fetal inflammatory response syndrome‐like (FIRS) pathology.Method of studyMicroscopy, gene expression analysis, and ELISA were used to identify placental innate immune responses relevant to macrophage polarity, severe chorioamnionitis, and fetal infection.ResultsBoth mouse strains exhibited a pro‐M2 cytokine profile at the maternal/fetal interface. In BALB/c mice, expression of CD14 and TLRs 1, 2, 6 was increased in infected placentas; TLR2 and CD14 were localized to neutrophils. Increased TLR2/CD14 was also observed in BALB/c syncytiotrophoblasts in tissues with pathological evidence of FIRS. In contrast, expression in C57BL/6 placentas was either unchanged or down‐regulated.ConclusionOur findings show a link between increased syncytiotrophoblast expression of CD14/TLR2 and FIRS‐like pathology in BALB/c mice. Functional studies are required to determine if CD14 is contributing to fetal morbidity during chorioamnionitis.
Value of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging for the characterization of uterine mesenchymal tumors
Authors: Bonneau Claire , Thomassin‐Naggara Isabelle , Dechoux Sophie , Cortez Annie , Darai Émile , Rouzier Roman 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performance in differentiating benign leiomyomas from malignant mesenchymal or mixed tumors (MMT) and smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential of the uterus (STUMP).DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingUniversity hospital, France.PopulationOne hundred and eight women who underwent imaging before surgery for uterine mesenchymal tumor (85 with benign leiomyomas and 23 with MMT/STUMP).MethodsThe ultrasonography reports were reviewed. Conventional, perfusion and diffusion MRI were blindly analyzed. Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) was performed to construct diagnostic flowcharts.Main outcome measuresAccuracy of a diagnostic flowchart.ResultsAt ultrasonography, single tumor, non‐myometrial origin, absence of acoustic shadowing, thickened endometrium and ascites were associated with MMT/STUMP (p = 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.03, p < 0.0001 and p = 0.03, respectively). For conventional MRI, single tumor, non‐myometrial origin, large tumor, poorly defined margins, thickened endometrium, peritoneal implants, intermediate or high signal intensity in T1 or T2 sequences, heterogeneous T1 signal, cystic alteration of the tumor and heterogeneity of the tumor's enhancement were significantly associated with MMT/STUMP. Perfusion weighted imaging and perfusion curve types were not discriminant. For diffusion weighted imaging, a high signal intensity at b = 1000 s/mm² was associated with MMT/STUMP (p < 0.001). RPA resulted in a model that ultimately included age, number of tumors and the aspect of the endometrium (both evaluated by MRI) and that had an area under the curve of 0.95.ConclusionsSimple criteria, such as single tumor, non‐myometrial tumor, abnormal endometrium and age, should question the diagnosis of benign leiomyoma. MRI enhanced the sensitivity of detecting MMT/STUMP.
Desogestrel‐only contraceptive pill versus sequential contraceptive vaginal ring in the treatment of rectovaginal endometriosis infiltrating the rectum: a prospective open‐label comparative study
Authors: Leone Roberti Maggiore Umberto , Remorgida Valentino , Scala Carolina , Tafi Emanuela , Venturini Pier L. , Ferrero Simone 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of two hormonal therapies in treating symptoms caused by bowel endometriosis.DesignPatient preference study.SettingUniversity hospital.PopulationA total of 143 women with rectovaginal endometriosis infiltrating the rectum.MethodsThis study was performed between January 2008 and June 2011. Patients were treated with a desogestrel‐only contraceptive pill or with the sequential combined contraceptive vaginal ring for 12 months.Main outcome measuresThe primary endpoint of the study was the rate of satisfied patients at 12‐month follow up. The changes in symptoms and in the volume of the nodules were secondary endpoints.ResultsAt 12‐month follow up, the rate of satisfied patients was higher in the group treated with the desogestrel‐only contraceptive pill than in the group treated with the sequential combined contraceptive vaginal ring (p = 0.004). When only changes in gastrointestinal symptoms were considered, 50% of patients treated with the desogestrel‐only contraceptive pill and 31.3% of those treated with the sequential combined contraceptive vaginal ring were satisfied (p = 0.037). The reduction in the volume of the nodules, the percentages of patients who discontinued the therapy after the completion of the study and of those who decided to undergo surgery were similar between the two groups.ConclusionsBoth hormonal therapies are efficacious in treating symptoms caused by rectovaginal endometriosis infiltrating the rectum. Patient satisfaction is higher with the desogestrel‐only pill than with a vaginal ring.
Interactive models of depression vulnerability: The role of childhood trauma, dysfunctional attitudes, and coping
Authors: Morris Matthew C. , Kouros Chrystyna D. , Fox Kathryn R. , Rao Uma , Garber Judy 
Published: December 2013

ObjectivesThis prospective study investigated whether within‐individual relations between depression vulnerability factors (childhood trauma, dysfunctional attitudes, maladaptive coping) and depressive symptom trajectories varied as a function of the number of prior major depressive episodes (MDEs) experienced in their lifetime.DesignParticipants were 68 young adults who varied with regard to their history of depression; 32 were remitted depressed and 36 were never depressed.MethodsDepressive symptoms and disorders were assessed using semi‐structured psychiatric interviews conducted twice over a 6‐month period; interviews yielded weekly ratings of depressive symptoms during the follow‐up interval. Childhood trauma, dysfunctional attitudes and coping were assessed with self‐report measures. Data analyses were conducted using time‐lagged multilevel models.ResultsIndividuals with more previous MDEs who reported greater childhood trauma exposure, more dysfunctional attitudes, or greater use of maladaptive coping strategies experienced more rapid increases in depressive symptoms during the follow‐up period. A significant interaction of coping, number of previous MDEs, and time was found indicating that among individuals with less adaptive coping (i.e., lower primary or lower secondary control coping scores), depressive symptoms rating (DSR) increased significantly in relation to number of prior depressive episodes; no change in DSR was observed for never‐depressed individuals. Among individuals with higher primary control coping scores, significant increases in DSR scores were observed for individuals with ≥3 prior MDEs only.ConclusionsFindings highlight the need for treatment and prevention programmes that target stress reactivity and coping strategies early in the course of depression.Practitioner points

Findings highlight the need to conduct multi‐dimensional assessments of depression vulnerability that examine the interplay among risk factors over time.

Relations between vulnerability factors (childhood trauma, dysfunctional attitudes, maladaptive coping) and depressive symptoms were stronger for individuals with more prior major depressive episodes (MDEs).

Interventions for recurrent depression should focus on secondary control coping strategies that emphasize accommodation to stressful life events.

Future studies should assess high‐risk individuals before their first MDE to determine whether vulnerability factors linked with recurrence are pre‐existing and relatively stable, or if they reflect ‘scars’ from MDEs.
Unexpectedly increased anorexigenic postprandial responses of PYY and GLP‐1 to fast ice cream consumption in adult patients with Prader‐Willi syndrome
Authors: Rigamonti A. E. , Bini S. , Grugni G. , Agosti F. , De Col A. , Mallone M. , Cella S. G. , Sartorio A. 
Published: December 2013

SummaryObjectiveThe effect of eating rate on the release of anorexigenic gut peptides in Prader‐Willi syndrome (PWS), a neurogenetic disorder clinically characterized by hyperphagia and excessive obesity, has not been investigated so far.Design and PatientsPostprandial PYY and GLP‐1 levels to fast (5 min) and slow (30 min) ice cream consumption were measured in PWS adult patients and age‐matched patients with simple obesity and normal‐weighted subjects. Visual analog scales (VASs) were used to evaluate the subjective feelings of hunger and satiety.ResultsFast ice cream consumption stimulated GLP‐1 release in normal subjects, a greater increase being observed with slow feeding. Fast or slow feeding did not change circulating levels of GLP‐1 in obese patients, while, unexpectedly, fast feeding (but not slow feeding) stimulated GLP‐1 release in PWS patients. Plasma PYY concentrations increased in all groups, irrespective of the eating rate. Slow feeding was more effective in stimulating PYY release in normal subjects, while fast feeding was more effective in PWS patients. Slow feeding evoked a lower hunger and higher satiety compared with fast feeding in normal subjects, this finding being not evident in obese patients. Unexpectedly, fast feeding evoked a lower hunger and higher satiety in PWS patients in comparison with slow feeding.ConclusionsFast feeding leads to higher concentrations of anorexigenic gut peptides and favours satiety in PWS adult patients, this pattern being not evident in age‐matched patients with simple obesity, thus suggesting the existence of a different pathophysiological substrate in these two clinical conditions.
Implant Tooth‐Supported Removable Partial Denture with at Least 15‐Year Long‐Term Follow‐Up
Authors: Mijiritsky Eitan , Lorean Adi , Mazor Ziv , Levin Liran 
Published: December 2013

AbstractPurposeThe aim of the present report is to describe the long‐term follow‐up of cases treated with implant tooth‐supported removable partial denture (ITSRPD) after at least 15 years.Materials and MethodsThe study sample comprised 20 consecutively partially edentulous patients treated with ITSRPD. Implants were placed in order to improve unfavorable removable partial denture design resulting from unfavorable teeth distribution and biomechanical considerations, esthetic, or periodontal challenges. All patients were followed up every 6 months for the first 2 years and annually thereafter for at least 15 years. Recall visits for professional cleaning and oral hygiene re‐enforcement were scheduled every 3 to 6 mounts.ResultsA total of 42 implants were placed in 20 patients and restored with ITSRPD. All implants and prosthetic devices functioned successfully throughout the 15 years of follow‐up. Three patients had gone through further implant placement several years after ITSRPD was provided, and a fixed implant‐supported restoration was provided on the original and new implants. No implant failure was noted during follow‐up, resulting in a rate for implant survival of 100% for the study. Marginal bone loss around implants ranged between 0 and 2 mm (mean 0.64 ± 0.6 mm). During the follow‐up period, prosthetic complications were minor and included one rest rupture. All patients answered a questionnaire and were satisfied with the prosthesis. They reported good chewing ability and stability of the prosthetic devices.ConclusionsITSRPD can be used with predictable long‐term results in carefully selected and well‐maintained population. Patients should be advised of their role in maintenance, and a comprehensive recall system is mandatory to obtain satisfactory long‐term results.
Clinical and Aesthetic Outcome with Post‐Extractive Implants with or without Soft Tissue Augmentation: A 2‐Year Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Migliorati Marco , Amorfini Leonardo , Signori Alessio , Biavati Armando Silvestrini , Benedicenti Stefano 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe aesthetic outcome of an implant‐supported restoration is first of all dependent on the soft tissue volume. Because the labial bone plate resorbs in every direction after tooth extraction, even when an implant is placed immediately, most patients end up with compromised aesthetics.Materials and MethodsIn this parallel‐designed, randomized clinical trial, participants were randomly assigned to the test group (immediate load post‐extractive implant treated with subepithelial connective tissue graft placed using the tunnel technique in the labial area) and control group (immediate load post‐extractive implant treated without raising a flap) with an allocation ratio of 1:1. Both groups received deproteinized bovine bone mineral. Patients were observed at baseline, crown insertion, 1‐year follow‐up, and 2‐year follow‐up. Clinical, radiological and aesthetic parameters were recorded to assess primary treatment outcomes. A random permuted block system was blindly generated ensuring uniformity of the patient allocation during the trial by randomly distributing three participants to the test and three participants to the control group every six treated patients.ResultsAt the 2‐year examination, all 47 implants were successfully integrated, demonstrating stability and healthy peri‐implant soft tissues as documented by standard clinical parameters. The results showed a soft tissue remodeling of −10% in thickness and −18% in highness in the non‐grafted group, whereas in the grafted group there was a gain of 35% in thickness and a slight reduction of −11% in highness. Test group reported an increase of aesthetic result (mean pink aesthetic score [PES] 8) compared with control group (mean PES 6.65).ConclusionsThis prospective study demonstrates the effectiveness of placing a soft tissue graft at the time of immediate implant placement in the aesthetic zone. At the 2‐year follow‐up, test group revealed a better aesthetic outcomes and stable facial soft tissues compared with control group.