bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of gingival health among school children in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Gopinath Vellore Kannan , Rahman Betul , Awad Manal A. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Objectives: The present study evaluated the gingival condition among school going children in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates and determined its relationship with tooth brushing frequency, diet and dental caries. Materials and Methods: Four hundred and five children participated in the study. There were 232 boys (57%) and 173 (43%) girls. Children were grouped based on age as ≤6 years (n = 84) mean age 4.72 ± 0.50 and >6 years (n = 321) mean age 8.47 ± 1.65. The amount of dental plaque and gingival condition were assessed on the inner and outer surface of six index teeth using Silness and Loe and Loe and Silness criteria. Dental caries status was assessed using WHO 1997 criteria. Dental examination, tooth brushing frequency and 24 h diet chart were recorded by calibrated dentists. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of gingivitis. Results: Increase in decayed, missing, and filled teeth values corresponds to increase in plaque index and gingival index scores (P ≤ 0.05). A logistic regression analysis of the predictors of gingivitis showed that males were 2.11 times less likely to have gingivitis compared with females (odds ratio [OR]: 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24-0.93, P = 0.03) and children aged ≤6 years were 3.06 times less likely to have gingivitis than those aged >6 years (OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.17-0.62, P = 0.00). Tooth brushing frequency and diet were not significant predictors. Conclusion: Current study clearly demonstrated that female gender and children more than 6 years were more likely to have gingivitis.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of early or delayed treatment upon healing of mandibular fractures: A retrospective study
Authors: Gazal Giath 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study was aimed to assess the impacts of delay treatment of mandibular fracture and its complications. In addition risk variables related such as time to repair, fracture types, substance abuse, causes, surgical management, muddling or complications and duration of clinic stay were also evaluated. Materials and Methods: The data of patients attending the Newcastle General Hospital, UK for the management of mandibular fractures were probed. This retrospective clinical trial conducted over 6 months, included 91 patients attending trauma operating theatre during weekdays or weekends. Data were analyzed for time to admission and treatment and its relationships to various factors using SPSS version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Results: Time to treatment from the point of admission was 31.50 ± 3.83 h during week days that has been significantly more for patients attending the hospital at weekends or nights. Similar trend was observed for total summative time from the incident to treatment analysis. Conclusions: This investigation has demonstrated that the rate of infection and postoperative complications following surgical treatment of mandible fractures can be eased off by reducing the waiting time from presentation to the emergency and to the operating theater.
Association between early childhood caries and maternal caries status: A cross-section study in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: de Souza Pedrita Mara do Espírito Santo , Proença Mariana Almeida Mello , Franco Mayra Moura , Rodrigues Vandilson Pinheiro , Costa José Ferreira , Costa Elizabeth Lima 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the association between early childhood caries (ECC) and maternal caries status, and the maternal perception of ECC risk factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 77 mother-child pairs, the children ranging from 12 to 36 months of age and their mothers, who were seeking dental care at a health center in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Data collection was conducted using a specific questionnaire for mothers. Oral clinical examination of the mother-child binomial to assess caries incidence, gingival bleeding (GB) and visible plaque was done. Home visits were performed in 10% of the sample in order to observe the environmental conditions, dietary habits and dental hygiene practices. Results: The findings showed that the caries prevalence in children was 22.5 times higher in the mother who had decayed tooth (prevalence ratio [PR] = 22.5, confidence interval [CI] 95% = 3.2–156.6, P < 0.001). GB also was observed in 14 mothers and children, the PR in pair was 12.2 (CI95% = 1.6–88.9, P < 0.001). The variables are related for the mother-child binomial in regression linear analysis. Conclusion: The maternal caries status was associated with ECC.
16S rRNA gene-based metagenomic analysis identifies a novel bacterial co-prevalence pattern in dental caries
Authors: Jagathrakshakan Sri Nisha , Sethumadhava Raghavendra Jayesh , Mehta Dhaval Tushar , Ramanathan Arvind 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Objective: To identify the prevalence of acidogenic and nonacidogenic bacteria in patients with polycaries lesions, and to ascertain caries specific bacterial prevalence in relation to noncaries controls. Materials and Methods: Total genomic DNA extracted from saliva of three adults and four children from the same family were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis on a next generation sequencer, the PGS-Ion Torrent. Those bacterial genera with read counts > 1000 were considered as significant in each of the subject and used to associate the occurrence with caries. Results and Conclusion: Sequencing analysis indicated a higher prevalence of Streptococcus, Rothia, Granulicatella, Gemella, Actinomyces, Selenomonas, Haemophilus and Veillonella in the caries group relative to controls. While higher prevalence of Streptococcus, Rothia and Granulicatella were observed in all caries samples, the prevalence of others was observable in 29–57% of samples. Interestingly, Rothia and Selenomonas, which are known to occur within anaerobic environments of dentinal caries and subgingival plaque biofilms, were seen in the saliva of these caries patients. Taken together, the study has identified for the first time a unique co-prevalence pattern of bacteria in caries patients that may be explored as distinct caries specific bacterial signature to predict cariogenesis in high-risk primary and mixed dentition age groups.
Xeroderma pigmentosum and its dental implications
Authors: Al Wayli Hessa 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by defective DNA repair leading to clinical and cellular hypersensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and carcinogenic agents. Important clinical features are: Intense cutaneous photosensitivity, xerosis, poikiloderma, actinic keratosis, acute burning under minimal sun exposure, erythemas, hyperpigmented lentiginous macules, and malignant lesions in sun-exposed areas, including basocellular carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. There is a great involvement of many parts of the body, especially head and neck. Oral implications such as severe oral pain and mouth opening limitation were present due to perioral scars. The disorder is associated more commonly in populations where marriage of close blood relatives is common. Treatment of the disorder includes avoidance of UV radiation, topical application of 5-fluorouracil to treat actinic keratoses, and regular evaluation by an ophthalmologist, dermatologist, and neurologist. Genetic counseling is important aspects as an increased incidence of consanguineous marriages have been reported with this disorder. In addition, this paper discuss some important aspects concerning the role of the dental professional management of this entity, since XP patients require constant dental care and follow-up in order to control the occurrence of new lesions on the lips or inside oral cavity.
Dental restoration induced orofacial pain and its management
Authors: Liu Xiuxin , Malmstrom Hans S. , Tallents Ross 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDental procedure induced pain may develop into a chronic condition that accompanied with functional or neuropathy changes in the nerve system. In this case, severe persistent pain gradually developed after repeatedly placing a subgingival amalgam restoration in the right second molar. Hyperalgesia and allodynia were present at the affected region. A provisional diagnosis of chronic orofacial pain with peripheral and central sensitization was considered. After re-contouring, local debridement and occlusal adjustment the pain disappeared. The underlying mechanism in this case is neuronal sensitization and peripheral Aβ-fiber mechanoreceptor activation. Its diagnosis and management depend on identification and treatment of the cause for pain generation and sensitization.
Real-time Cell Analysis of the Cytotoxicity of Orthodontic Brackets on Gingival Fibroblasts
Authors: Toy Ebubekir , Malkoc Sıddık , Corekci Bayram , Bozkurt Buket S. , Hakki Sema S. 
Published: January 2015

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of 6 different orthodontic bracket types on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) using the xCELLigence system. Methods The orthodontic brackets used in this study were gold-plated steel (Apollo Gold), titanium (Rematitan), stainless steel (Equilibrium 2), lucid ice (Inspire ICE), metal-reinforced ceramic (Clarity) and composite (OrthoFlex). Gingival fibroblasts were isolated from human gingival connective tissue of systemically healthy individuals. Tested brackets were incubated in DMEM culture medium for 72 hours according to ISO 10993-5 standards. Gingival fibroblasts were maintained with Dulbecco modified Eagle medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. The xCELLigence system was used to evaluate cell survival. The statistical analysis used was ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison tests. Results When the data were evaluated in the 30th hour, Apollo Gold showed significant decreases in cell index (P<0.001). It also showed statistically significant decreases (P<0.001) in the 65th hour, but Clarity and Inspire ICE showed significant increases in cell indices (P<0.001, P<0.01). In the 114th hour, Clarity and Equilibrium 2 showed statistically significant increases in cell indices (P<0.001). Inspire ICE and Rematitan demonstrated significant increases (P<0.05). There were significant decreases in cell index of Apollo Gold (P<0.001). Conclusions The tested brackets are suitable for clinical application, but further studies using different test methods are needed for gold-plated brackets.
Female Perspectives on Endometriosis: Findings from the Uterine Bleeding and Pain Women'S Research Study
Authors: Bernuit David , Ebert Andreas D. , Halis Gülden , Strothmann Anja , Gerlinger Christoph , Geppert Katharina , Faustmann Thomas 
Published: January 2015

Purpose The symptoms of endometriosis are heterogeneous and overlap with those of other conditions, resulting in misdiagnoses and/or delayed diagnosis and treatment. The Uterine Bleeding and Pain Women's Research Study (UBP-WRS) collected data to elucidate differences in diagnoses and treatment experiences of women, and to assess the impact of endometriosis on their quality of life. Methods The UBP-WRS interviewed women aged 15 to 49 in eight countries using an online methodology. Quotas were applied for the age, region, level of education, and income of respondents. Questions assessed menstruation, diagnoses of endometriosis or other gynecological conditions (e.g., uterine fibroids), symptoms, impact on life, and perceptions of treatments. Results Of the total of 21 749 women, 2.7% reported surgically diagnosed endometriosis, 2.4% reported nonsurgically diagnosed endometriosis, 5.5% had physician-suspected endometriosis, and 6.2% reported symptoms indicative of endometriosis but no diagnosis. Prevalence of the different diagnoses was comparable between countries. Mean age at diagnosis was 28 years and estimated time-to-diagnosis was 6.1 years. Pain symptoms were generally more common and severe in women with diagnosed endometriosis than in those with suspected disease, whereas the reverse was true for their quality-of-life. Of women receiving treatment for diagnosed endometriosis, 60% were satisfied and 40% were dissatisfied with efficacy. However, 29% of women with diagnosed endometriosis were not receiving any treatment. Conclusions Approximately 17% of women in the UBP-WRS reported diagnosed, suspected or symptoms of endometriosis; this is comparable to previously published studies. The UBP-WRS – among the largest surveys of its kind – may help to improve understanding of this enigmatic disease and guide therapeutic practices.
Computational Model for Prediction of Fistula Outcome
Authors: Remuzzi Andrea , Manini Simone 
Published: January 2015

Background The creation and management of an autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) as vascular access (VA) for hemodialysis patients is still a critical procedure. The placement of a functional and long-lasting VA derives from adequate planning of the surgical procedure based on physical examination, vascular mapping and selection of the best modality for arteriovenous anastomosis. The risk of AVF non-maturation and early failure is high, even when all precautions are taken to minimize these events. In addition, AVF surgery may develop very high blood flow exposing the patient to the risk of heart failure or hand ischemia. Methods The choices of the surgeons on the modalities to perform a surgical intervention for AVF should take into consideration several factors including patient clinical condition, arterial and venous vessel sizes and elasticity. However, these evaluations cannot give direct indication on VA outcome in terms of blood flow after AVF maturation. We then took advantage of theoretical models of vascular network hemodynamics and of computational fluid dynamics to develop a numerical tool for the prediction of potential blood flow of a planned VA surgery on the basis of preoperative ultrasound evaluation of arterial and venous sizes and blood flow. Results Here we present the numerical model, previously developed and tested, and we describe the web-based application that has been developed to help during surgical planning. Conclusions The use of this tool in the clinical setting should allow to reduce the incidence of AVF non-maturation as well as incidence of VA complications.
Inburgeringsvoorwaarden en Europees recht: the end of the Wib as we know it?
Authors: van Oers R. 
Published: January 2015

Inburgeringsvoorwaarden en Europees recht: the end of the Wib as we know it: Een analyse van de mogelijke gevolgen van de relevante bepalingen van Europees recht voor de Nederlandse Wet inburgering in het buitenland.
In het arrest Dogan beantwoordt het Hof van Justitie de eerste van twee prejudiciële vragen van het Verwaltungsgericht Berlin over de Duitse inburgeringseis in het buitenland. Het Hof van Justitie beantwoordt de tweede, subsidiaire vraag over de verenigbaarheid van de Duitse eis met Richtlijn 2003/86/EG inzake het recht op gezinshereniging (hierna: de Gezinsherenigingsrichtlijn) niet. Onlangs legde de Afdeling het Hof van Justitie prejudiciële vragen voor over de verenigbaarheid van de Nederlandse Wet inburgering in het buitenland (Wib) met deze richtlijn. Volgens de auteur valt uit het arrest Dogan, alsmede uit andere jurisprudentie van het Hof van Justitie en uit standpunten van de Europese Commissie, af te leiden dat het aannemelijk is dat het Hof van Justitie de Wib op punten strijdig zal achten met de Gezinsherenigingsrichtlijn.HvJ 10 juli 2014, zaak C-138/13, Dogan/Bundesrepublik Deutschland, ECLI: EU: C:2014:2066
Regard sur les autres, regard sur soi : les journaux-lettres d’Anne-Marie Palardy (1907-1923)
Authors: Bertho Lavenir Catherine 
Published: January 2015

Anne-Marie Palardy et son époux, l’industriel du Saguenay J.-É.-A. Dubuc, se rendent en Europe à sept reprises entre 1907 et 1923. Les journaux-lettres rédigés par Anne-Marie et adressés à Chicoutimi afin d’être lus à haute voix dans le cercle familial illustrent la diversité des fonctions symboliques de ce qui est à la fois un journal et une correspondance. Permettant de maintenir le lien entre mère et enfants, la correspondance est un moyen de construire symboliquement la famille, en assignant des places précises à chacun de ses membres. Par ailleurs, ces textes assurent l’une des fonctions du journal, c’est-à-dire la réflexion sur soi-même : Anne-Marie Palardy négocie la représentation de la « bonne » mère, écartelée entre l’autonomie du couple amoureux, qui appartient à la modernité, et le maintien d’une conception traditionnelle de la famille élargie, qui demeure une ressource sur le plan de l’assistance psychologique ou matérielle. Ces textes ont aussi une fonction éducative. Ils montrent aux enfants quels sont les usages du monde et les règles de l’interaction dans une société cosmopolite. On voit comment la haute bourgeoisie industrielle francophone s’insère aux marges de la société coloniale des dominions tout en affirmant des spécificités qui lui semblent mériter d’être défendues.
Among laws, decrees and rulings… school inclusion in the neoliberal game
Authors: Ruiz Silva Gisele , Corrêa Henning Paula 
Published: January 2015

This paper is aimed at performing an analysis of the texts of legal documents concerning school inclusion, by mapping those enunciations that empower the ways of constituting the subjects of inclusion. As the empirical corpus we used the legislation that rules school inclusion based on the Brazilian Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education, 1996. For this task we employed some tools of the theoretical and methodological perspective of discourse analysis in Michel Foucault, operating with the concepts of power, norms, normalization, inclusion/exclusion and (neo)liberal logic. In this stream, we also discussed the concepts of identity and difference. Analysis indicate inclusion as an imperative of neoliberal governmentality, which is aimed to maintain the highest number of individuals in the market network.
Trabalhadora feliz, mãe feliz? Condições de trabalho que influenciam na vida familiar
Authors: Mazo D’Affonseca Sabrina , Cia Fabiana , Joan Barham Elizabeth 
Published: January 2015

A presente pesquisa objetivou verificar quais aspectos do trabalho poderiam afetar positiva ou negativamente o relacionamento de mães trabalhadoras com seus filhos. Participaram da pesquisa 23 mães que trabalhavam fora, com pelo menos um filho cursando o ensino fundamental. A coleta de dados envolveu o preenchimento do “Questionário sobre Interação Familiar na Visão Materna”, elaborado pelas autoras, o qual possuía questões referentes: (a) ao ambientede trabalho; (b) ao relacionamento com os filhos; (c) ao apoio dos familiares para a realização de atividades domésticas. Os resultados demonstraram que a satisfação com o trabalho possuía uma correlação positiva com a participação da mãe nas atividades culturais, escolares e de lazer dos filhos e com o apoio recebido de seu cônjuge para a realização de tarefas domésticas. Dessa forma, pode-se dizer que a qualidade do ambiente de trabalho atua como um mediador para o estabelecimento de relações familiares positivas e para o desenvolvimento socioemocional e escolar dos filhos.
Como se tornar um pai presente: impactos de um grupo de pais
Authors: Cia Fabiana , Joan Barham Elizabeth 
Published: January 2015

Este estudo avaliou a eficácia de um programa de intervenção para pais sobre o envolvimento paterno. Os participantes foram divididos em três grupos. No grupo experimental 1 (GE1), formado por 29 pessoas, (pais, mães e crianças), apenas os pais receberam intervenção. No grupo experimental 2 (GE2), formado por 36 pais e mães e 38 crianças, apenas as mães receberam intervenção. No grupo controle, composto por 34 pessoas (pais, mães e crianças), pais e mães não receberam intervenção. Para avaliar a frequência do envolvimento paterno, pais, mães e crianças de todos os grupos responderam ao questionário “Avaliação do relacionamento pai-filho” em três momentos diferentes: antes da intervenção (pré-teste), após a intervenção (pós-teste) e após um ano do início da intervenção (follow-up). Nos grupos GE1 e GE2, as frequências de comunicação entre pai e filho e de participação do pai nas atividades escolares, culturais e de lazer do filho foram estatisticamente maiores no pós-teste do que no pré-teste.
Fundamentos teórico-epistemológicos da Teoria Histórico-Cultural: implicações para a psicologia do desenvolvimento infantil
Authors: Adriana Neves Nunes Sandra , Gimenes Fernandes Marcos , José Carmona Gutierrez Arsenio 
Published: January 2015

As contribuições de Vygotsky para a pesquisa em psicologia parecem inegáveis na atualidade, mas permaneceram por algum tempo silenciadas. As razões para que continuem despertando o interesse de pesquisadores no mundo inteiro estão, essencialmente, no seu rigor metodológico e nas características de seu sistema conceitual aberto e dialético, que permitiram a compreensão aprofundada da natureza e do desenvolvimento dos processos psicológicos humanos. O presente artigo centra-se na discussão de aspectos epistemológicos gerais da Teoria Histórico-Cultural de Vygotsky e nas suas implicações para a Psicologia do Desenvolvimento Infantil. Parte-se do debate clássico da Filosofia da Ciência acerca da relação entre sujeito e objeto, que fundamenta a crise da Psicologia referente à escolha do seu objeto de estudo. Em seguida, apresenta-se o Sistema Filosófico Marxista que fornece à Psicologia Histórico-Cultural uma concepção a respeito de mundo e de humanidade, das leis de seu desenvolvimento e das vias de acesso e de produção do conhecimento. Uma vez discutida as bases filosóficas da Teoria Vygotskyana, identificam-se e explicitam-se os seus princípios fundamentais: o princípio da unidade da consciência e da atividade e o princípio da unidade do biológico e do social. Conclui-se com um debate acerca das implicações dessa perspectiva teórico-epistemólogicapara a compreensão do desenvolvimento psicológico infantil.
Monoteísmo, diversidades e Direitos Humanos
Authors: Dietrich Luiz José 
Published: January 2015

Este texto relaciona as raízes de muitas atitudes de discriminação e violência, condutas de desrespeito aos Direitos Humanos praticadas na atualidade, às violências cometidas em nome de Deus no processo de instituição do monoteísmo no Antigo Testamento. Aborda o fato paradoxal de as tradições judaico-cristãs serem ao mesmo tempo um dos principais fundamentos das modernas concepções dos Direitos Humanos e também fornecerem as justificativas para atitudes de intolerância, violência e restrições e supressão dos direitos humanos nos nossos dias. Ao contextualizar tal processo na história de Israel, demonstrando a vinculação de tais teologias com determinados sujeitos sociais e seus interesses, busca-se apontar caminhos para releituras e compreensões libertadoras que possam promover o respeito e a ampliação de nossa noção de direitos humanos.
A proteção dos direitos fundamentais pelo processo constitucional no estado democrático de direito
Authors: Da Costa Carla Regina Clark , Freitas Sérgio Henriques Zandona 
Published: January 2015

Iniciou-se, na segunda metade do século XX, um crescente movimento universal pela implementação e garantia de direitos a partir de mecanismos comprometidos com os valores humanitários, a fim de se recuperar a “legitimidade da ciência do direito” abalada em razão da “legalização do mal” empreendida pelos regimes nazista, fascista e totalitário que assolaram o mundo no início do século passado. Os Estados-nações, numa emergencial revisão da ordem jurídica, erigiram pactos e tratados internacionais, bem como constituições democráticas como expressão máxima de proteção do homem. O Brasil, assim como outros países da América Latina e da Europa buscando superar as cruéis violações aos direitos humanos, instituiu constituições que deram origem ao chamado constitucionalismo moderno, voltado para proteção dos Direitos Fundamentais do Homem.