bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kolaviron, a biflavonoid fraction from Garcinia kola, protects against isoproterenol-induced injury by mitigating cardiac dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats
Authors: Adaramoye Oluwatosin Adekunle , Lawal Semiu Olasoju 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of kolaviron (KV), a biflavonoid from Garcinia kola seeds, in rats intoxicated with isoproterenol chloride (ISO) while quercetin (QUE) served as standard.

Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats (180–200 g) were randomly divided into seven groups of six rats each. Group 1 served as control; group 2 received ISO (85 mg/kg subcutaneously); groups 3, 4 and 5 received ISO and KV1 [100 mg/kg orally (p.o.)], KV2 (200 mg/kg, p.o.) and QUE (25 mg/kg, p.o.), respectively; and groups 6 and 7 received QUE and KV2, respectively.

Results: Administration of ISO caused significant (p<0.05) elevation of serum creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase by 2.2-, 1.9-, 2.1-, 1.9- and 1.7-fold, respectively, relative to controls, with a concomitant decrease in cardiac activities of these enzymes. Administration of ISO led to significant decrease (p<0.05) in the levels of cardiac superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, reduced glutathione and increase in malondialdehyde (MDA). Also, ISO-treated rats had significantly higher values of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol relative to controls. Supplementation with KV2 and QUE caused significant elevation of cardiac antioxidant enzymes, normalized the marker enzymes and reduced MDA levels.

Conclusions: KV protects against ISO-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo, suggesting its usefulness as a possible chemoprophylactic agent against cardiotoxic drugs.
On the exact decryption range for Gentry–Halevi's implementation of fully homomorphic encryption
Authors: Yasuda Masaya , Yokoyama Kazuhiro , Shimoyama Takeshi , Kogure Jun , Koshiba Takeshi 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
In this paper,
we revisit the fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) scheme implemented by Gentry and Halevi, which is just an instantiation of Gentry's original scheme based on ideal lattices.
Their FHE scheme starts from a somewhat homomorphic encryption (SHE) scheme, and its decryption range is deeply related with the FHE construction.
Gentry and Halevi gave an experimental evaluation of the decryption range, but theoretical evaluations have not been given so far. Moreover, we give a theoretical upper bound, and reconsider suitable parameters for theoretically obtaining an FHE scheme. In particular, while Gentry and Halevi use the Euclidean norm evaluation in the noise management of ciphertexts, our theoretical bound enables us to use the ∞-norm evaluation, and hence it helps to lower the difficulty of controlling the noise density of ciphertexts.
Organic semiconductors for device applications: current trends and future prospects
Authors: Ahmad Shamim 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
With the rich experience of developing silicon devices over a period of the last six decades, it is easy to assess the suitability of a new material for device applications by examining charge carrier injection, transport, and extraction across a practically realizable architecture; surface passivation; and packaging and reliability issues besides the feasibility of preparing mechanically robust wafer/substrate of single-crystal or polycrystalline/amorphous thin films. For material preparation, parameters such as purification of constituent materials, crystal growth, and thin-film deposition with minimum defects/disorders are equally important. Further, it is relevant to know whether conventional semiconductor processes, already known, would be useable directly or would require completely new technologies. Having found a likely candidate after such a screening, it would be necessary to identify a specific area of application against an existing list of materials available with special reference to cost reduction considerations in large-scale production. Various families of organic semiconductors are reviewed here, especially with the objective of using them in niche areas of large-area electronic displays, flexible organic electronics, and organic photovoltaic solar cells. While doing so, it appears feasible to improve mobility and stability by adjusting π-conjugation and modifying the energy band-gap. Higher conductivity nanocomposites, formed by blending with chemically conjugated C-allotropes and metal nanoparticles, open exciting methods of designing flexible contact/interconnects for organic and flexible electronics as can be seen from the discussion included here.
Chronological development of element concentrations in grapes during growth and ripeness and during fermentation of must determined by
instrumental neutron-activation analyses
Authors: Feige Markus , Hampel Gabriele , Kratz Jens Volker , Wiehl Norbert , König Helmut , Wagner Andreas 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The chronological development of element concentrations during growth and ripeness of grapes described in the literature has
only been concerned with the macro elements Mg, K, and Ca. Concentrations of trace elements in must are only described as
a snapshot at the end of the ripeness. Therefore, the motivation for the present work was to accompany the growth and the
ripening process of grapes successively by systematically determining element concentrations in grapes of Riesling and Cabernet
Sauvignon by neutron-activation analyses. While for a number of elements, the concentrations in the grapes increased as
a function of grape development (e.g., Na, K, Rb, Al), other concentrations decreased (e.g., Mg, Ca,
Mn). These decreases are not only to be attributed to a dilution by an increasing uptake of water during growth, but also by an
active transport of the cations out of the berries. Furthermore, the interest focused on the influence of mineral substances on
the process of fermentation and on the uptake of trace elements by the yeasts.
Research reactor fuel element corrosion under repository relevant conditions: separation, identification, and quantification of secondary alteration phases of UAl
x
-Al in MgCl2-rich brine
Authors: Klinkenberg M. , Neumann A. , Curtius H. , Kaiser G. , Bosbach D. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The corrosion of the UAl
x
-Al research reactor fuel type in synthetic MgCl2-rich brine (static batch-type experiments)
was investigated with respect to the long-term safety of directly disposed research reactor fuel elements in salt
formations. During corrosion, crystalline secondary phases were formed, which may serve as a barrier against radionuclide
migration. For an optimized identification and quantification of the secondary phases using X-ray diffraction, a sample
treatment to separate and enrich the secondary phases is necessary. A grain size fractionation was carried out in
iso-propanol. A chemical composition and phase characterization of the secondary phases was accomplished. The results of the
chemical investigations reveal that only traces of Al and U were dissolved. The separation and enrichment of secondary phases
were carried out reproducible and successfully. Due to the phase characterization by scanning electron microscopy/energy
dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction the following secondary phases were unambiguously identified: Mg-Al-Cl
layered double hydroxide, lesukite, Fe layered double hydroxide (green rust), lawrencite, Fe (elemental), and traces of
uncorroded fuel (UAl4). The quantitative analysis showed that LDH compounds and lesukite are the major crystalline
phases. All other observed compounds were only present in trace amounts, i.e. constituting accessories. The Rietveld
analysis also revealed the high content of amorphous phases of approximately 30%, which are expected to include the
uranium as U(OH)4.
Radiochemical Study of Re/W Adsorption Behavior on a Strongly Basic Anion Exchange Resin
Authors: Gott Matthew D. , Ballard Beau D. , Redman Lindsay N. , Maassen Joel R. , Taylor Wayne A. , Engle Jonathan W. , Nortier F. Meiring , Birnbaum Eva R. , John Kevin D. , Wilbur D. Scott , Cutler Cathy S. , Ketring Alan R. , Jurisson Silvia S. , Fassbender Michael E. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Rhenium-186g is a radionuclide with a high potential for therapeutic applications. It emits therapeutic β
− particles
accompanied by low energy γ-rays, which allows for in-vivo tracking of the radiolabeled compound and dosimetry
estimates. The current reactor production pathway 185Re(n, γ)186gRe produces low specific activity
186gRe, thereby limiting its therapeutic application. Work is underway to develop an accelerator-based, charged
particle induced production method for high specific activity 186gRe from targets of enriched 186W. To
optimize the chemical 186gRe recovery method, batch studies have been performed to characterize the adsorption
behavior of Re and W on a strongly basic anion exchange resin. An in-depth physicochemical profile was developed for the interaction of
Re with resin material, which showed the reaction to be endothermic and spontaneous. Basic (NaOH) and acidic (HNO3) matrices were
used to determine the equilibrium distribution coefficients for Re and W. The resin exhibits the best affinity for Re at slightly basic
conditions and little affinity above moderately acidic concentrations. Tungsten has low affinity for the resin above moderately basic
concentrations. A study was performed to examine the effect of W concentration on Re adsorption, which showed that even a high ionic
WO4
2–
strength of up to 1.9 mol kg
–1 does not significantly compromise ReO4

–
retention on the
resin.
Actinides sorption onto hematite:
experimental data, surface complexation modeling and linear free energy
relationship
Authors: Romanchuk Anna Y. , Kalmykov Stepan N. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The sorption of actinides in different valence states – Am(III), Th(IV), Np(V) and U(VI) onto hematite have been revisited with the
special emphasis on the equilibrium constants of formation of surface species. The experimental sorption data have been treated using
surface complexation modeling from which the set of new values of equilibrium constants were obtained. Formation of inner sphere
monodentate surface species adequately describes the pH-sorption edges for actinide ions indicative the ionic electrostatic nature of
bonding with small or no covalency contribution. The linear free energy relationship representing the correlation between the
hydrolysis constants and surface complexation constants has been developed for various cations including K(I), Li(I), Na(I), Ag(I),
Tl(I), Sr(II), Cu(II), Co(II), La(III), Eu(III), Ga(III), Am(III), Th(IV), Np(V), U(VI).
Extraction and stripping behaviour of tri-iso-amyl phosphate and tri-n-butyl
phosphate in n-dodecane with U(VI) in nitric acid media
Authors: Benadict Rakesh K. , Suresh A. , Vasudeva Rao P. R. 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Batch extraction of U(VI) by 1.1 M solution of tri-iso-amyl phosphate (TiAP)
in n-dodecane (n-DD) from uranyl nitrate solutions in nitric acid media has been investigated as
a function of metal loading and equilibrium aqueous phase acidity at 303 K. A method
adopted for free acidity determination by using a mixture of potassium oxalate and sodium fluoride
for complexing U(VI) has been validated by comparing the data generated in the present study with
literature data available for tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) under identical conditions. Extraction
and stripping behaviour of 1.1 M TiAP/n-DD-U(VI)/HNO3 and 1.1 M
TBP/n-DD-U(VI)/HNO3 systems have been compared by carrying out extraction, scrubbing and
a series of stripping in cross-current mode. Stripping behaviour of both the solvents loaded with
U(VI) and HNO3 has also been investigated as a function of time to understand the effects of
nitric acid induced degradation on stripping.
The Distribution of E-democracy and E-participation Tools in Slovenian Municipalities
Authors: Kukovic Simona , Haček Miro 
Published: March 2014

AbstractPaper analyses the usage of e-democracy in Slovenian municipalities from the viewpoint of e-participation tools. Theoretical origin of the paper is the theory of e-democracy in connection with the information and communication technology (ICT). ICT allows participation and inclusiveness to the citizens in the processes of decision making with the usage of various tools of e-participation (e-contact, e-forum, e-survey, e-petition, etc.). We analyzed official web pages of all 211 Slovenian municipalities and found out that all municipalities offer e-access and various forms of e-consultations to its citizens, but other e-tools can only be sparsely found. In addition, the comparative analysis of the survey results from 2006 and 2009 shows that the number of municipalities, which offer diverse tools of e-participation, is slowly decreasing.
DNA i-motif provides steel-like tough ends to chromosomes
Authors: Singh Raghvendra P. , Blossey Ralf , Cleri Fabrizio 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTWe studied the structure and mechanical properties of DNA i-motif nanowires by means of molecular dynamics computer simulations. We built up to 230 nm-long nanowires, based on a repeated TC5 sequence from NMR crystallographic data, fully relaxed and equilibrated in water. The unusual C●C+ stacked structure, formed by four ssDNA strands arranged in an intercalated tetramer, is here fully characterized both statically and dynamically. By applying stretching, compression and bending deformations with the steered molecular dynamics and umbrella sampling methods, we extract the apparent Young’s and bending moduli of the nanowire, as well as estimates for the tensile strength and persistence length. According to our results, i-motif nanowires share similarities with structural proteins, as far as their tensile stiffness, but are closer to nucleic acids and flexible proteins, as far as their bending rigidity is concerned. Curiously enough, their tensile strength makes such DNA fragments tough as mild steel or a nickel alloy. Besides their yet to be clarified biological significance, i-motif nanowires may qualify as interesting candidates for nanotechnology templates, due to such outstanding mechanical properties.
Managerial Influence in Performance Measurement System Design: A Recipe for Failure?
Authors: Kruis Anne-Marie , Widener Sally K. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT:
Extant literature holds that business unit (BU) managers' influence in the design of their performance measurement system (PMS) is beneficial; however, empirical evidence is mixed. Using survey data from 293 BU managers, we study their perception that the PMS fails to support their decision-making. The findings indicate that, on average, managerial influence in PMS design decreases the perception of PMS failure and hence indeed seems to be beneficial. However, importantly, the effect differs depending on the situation. For instance, when there are higher levels of information asymmetry between managers and superiors, lower levels of interdependencies, or lower levels of information asymmetry between employees and managers, managerial influence in PMS design decreases failure. To the contrary, when there are lower levels of information asymmetry between managers and superiors, higher levels of interdependencies, or higher levels of information asymmetry between employees and managers, influence in PMS design increases PMS failure.
Effects of high-energy ionizing radiation on organ systems in human medicine
Authors: Visnovcova N , Simera M , Visnovcova N Jr , Jakusova V , Jakus J 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate acute post-radiation changes after therapy with ionizing radiation
manifested by erythema or dry, squamous and scurfy skin on a breast. We observed 100 female patients suffering
from an early stage of breast carcinoma. The entering criteria were: age below 70 years, 100% of the
Karnofsky s Score, no tumor bilaterality, tumor in the stage of T1 or T2. The female patients had finished nonradical
surgery consisting from quadrantectomy and deviation of the axilla. Our results showed relationships
between the localization and the level of breast skin change as well as between adjuvant chemotherapy and the
level of breast skin change and, finally, between the size of the average dose of high energy radiation and the
level of breast skin change.
The influence of elongation exercises on the anterior-posterior spine curvatures
Authors: Drzał-Grabiec Justyna , Snela Sławomir , Rykała Justyna , Podgórska Justyna , Truszczyńska Aleksandra 
Published: March 2014

Summary
Introduction: Elongation exercises are designed to reduce existing pathological or increased physiological curvatures of the spine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes occurring in the parameters describing the anterior-posterior spinal curvatures during the performance of symmetric elongation exercises.
Material and methods: The study included 150 children aged 7-10 years: 82 girls and 68 boys. It was performed in June 2012, following prior parental and the subjects’ consent. The study design was approved by the Bioethical Committee of the Medical Faculty of Rzeszow University (number 05/07/2012). In each subject, an examination of the body posture was performed twice - first in a relaxed position and second during an elongation exercise. The Wilcoxon pair sequence test was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The lumbosacral angle was significantly higher during the performance of an elongation exercise (p < 0.001), and so was the thoracolumbar angle (p < 0.001). The angle of the upper thoracic spine (p < 0.01) was significantly reduced. In the case of parameters describing thoracic kyphosis, a significant increase was observed both for the thoracic kyphosis angle (p < 0.01) and the depth of this part of the spine. As for the parameters describing lumbar lordosis, both the lordosis angle and its depth were significantly reduced (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001).
Conclusions: 1. Elongation exercises reduce the depth of lumbar lordosis. 2. During elongation exercises thoracic kyphosis becomes deeper
Level of physical activity of physical education students according to criteria of the IPAQ questionnaire and the recommendation of WHO experts
Authors: Pastuszak Anna , Lisowski Krzysztof , Lewandowska Joanna , Buśko Krzysztof 
Published: March 2014

Summary
Study aim: Systematic physical activity is an effective preventive measure that supports the preservation of physical health and psychological health. Three expressions employed that relate to the work carried out with MET-min/week as a measure of the level of total physical activity are intense activity, moderate activity, and walking. These were applied to students studying Physical Education. In the process, those who failed to meet the requirements for the ‘sufficient’ level according to IPAQ criteria and as recommended by the WHO were identified.
Material and methods: Research was conducted amongst 146 students: 50 from Charles University (CU) and 96 from the University of Physical Education in Warsaw (UPE). The total physical activity of students was determined according to the accepted standards (IPAQ). WHO recommendations concerning physical activity per week were converted into MET-min/week used by IPAQ as follows: physical activity needs to achieve at least 1200 MET-min/week to increase its effect on health.
Results: The study of Physical Education students at CU shows that they were significantly more active than their counterparts at UPE. Total physical activity per week as measured by IPAQ at CU was 9525.2 ± 4275.9 for men and 10964.3 ± 4092.0 MET-min/week for women. At UPE, this was 4034.3 ± 2617.8 for men and 2469.8 ± 1721.2 MET-min/week for women. The difference in total levels of physical activity carried out by these students was found to depend largely upon their involvement in championship sports. Inclusion of WHO recommendations in the assessment of physical activity of students increased the proportion of individuals with low activity levels, particularly in the group of not-training students.
Conclusions: It is recommended either that the WHO criterion “of activity level for health” be added to the IPAQ classification, thus toughening the requirements of the moderate level of activity, or, alternatively, an additional threshold of completing at least 1200 MET-min/week be applied, with the recommendation that this is achieved on a regular basis.
Callus of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) as a source of ginsenosides – medicinal secondary metabolites
Authors: Kochan Ewa , Chmiel Aleksander 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
:Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (P. quinquefolius) are valuable medicinal herbs whose roots have been used for ages in traditional medicine in China and North America as vitalizing and stimulating agents. The roots are obtained mainly from field cultivation, which is a slow (5-7 years long), laborious, and troublesome process; so in vitro methods started to be used to produce ginseng biomass. In our study, non-organogenic callus of P. quinquefolius synthesized the same active substances like field roots, for more than 6 years. The ginsenosides are derivatives of protopanaxadiol (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd) or protopanaxatriol (Rg1, Re). The synthesis of Rg1 and Re metabolites is preferred in calli cultured in the dark and with ageing of culture.
Description of deutonymphs of Kamertonia polonica Gabryś, 2000 (Acari: Actinotrichida: Erythraeidae)
Authors: Roland Elżbieta , Gabryś Grzegorz 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
A detailed description of deutonymphs of Kamertonia polonica Gabryś, 2000 is provided for the first time. Their general appearance is similar to adults and the slight differences are quantitative. The distribution of K. polonica is discussed.
Effect of nanosilver on potato plant growth and protoplast viability
Authors: Ehsanpour Ali Akbar , Nejati Zeynab 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Potato tissue culture is sensitive to ethylene accumulation in the culture vessel. Ag inhibits ethylene action but no information on nanosilver application in potato tissue culture has been published so far. In our study, potato cv. White Desiree was treated with nanosilver (0, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 ppm) in vitro. Leaf surface was increased, while stem length and root length decreased. Nanosilver caused also a decrease in the number of isolated protoplasts and in the viability of isolated protoplasts when applied either directly or indirectly.
THE INCIDENCE AND TYPE OF CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATIONS FROM PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF 3800 PATIENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Authors: Vasilevska M. , Ivanovska E. , Kubelka Sabit K. , Sukarova-Angelovska E. , Dimeska G. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACT Robertsonian and reciprocal chromosomal translocations are the most frequent type of structural chromosomal aberrations in the human population. We report the frequency and type of detected translocations in 10 years of prenatal diagnosis of 3800 prenatal samples. The materials came from amniocentesis and chorionic villus samples (CVS). We detected seven Robertsonian translocations (0.18%), eight autosomal reciprocal translocations (0.21%) and one sex chromosome translocation (0.03%). The overall frequency of all translocations was 0.42%. Balanced state translocations were 0.29% and the frequency of translocations in an unbalanced state was 0.13%. There was one balanced de novo X-autosome translocation [46,X,t(X;10)(p11.23;q22.3)] and one balanced double translocation [46,XX,t(1;21);t(7;16)(1p21; 21q11) (7q31;16q23)] inherited from the mother. Most of the detected translocations were the result of unknown familial translocations, but some of them had been previously detected in one of the parents. In order to detect the recurrence risk for future pregnancies, we proposed genetic counseling in each of the cases and we established whether the parents were heterozygous for the same translocation. Histopatological findings for some unbalanced translocations correlated with phenotypes of detected unbalanced karyotypes