bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral reactivity to emotion challenge is associated with cortisol reactivity and regulation at 7, 15, and 24 months of age
Authors: Ursache Alexandra , Blair Clancy , Granger Douglas A. , Stifter Cynthia , Voegtline Kristin ,   the Family Life Project Investigators
Published: August 2013

AbstractEmotionally arousing stimuli have been largely unsuccessful in eliciting cortisol responses in young children. Whether or not emotion challenge will elicit a cortisol response, however, may in part be determined by the extent to which the tasks elicit behavioral reactivity and regulation. We examined relations of behavioral reactivity and regulation to emotional arousal in the context of fear and frustration to the cortisol response at 7, 15, and 24 months of age in a low income, rural population based sample of 1,292 families followed longitudinally from birth. At each age, children participated in fear and frustration inducing tasks, and cortisol samples were taken at three time points (before the tasks began, 20 min following peak emotional arousal or after the series of tasks ended, and 40 min after peak arousal or the tasks ended) in order to capture both increases (reactivity) and subsequent decreases (regulation) in the cortisol response. Using multilevel models, we predicted the cortisol response from measures of behavioral reactivity and regulation. At 7 months of age, cortisol reactivity and recovery were related to behavioral reactivity during a frustration‐eliciting task and marginally related to behavioral reactivity during a fear‐eliciting task. At 15 and 24 months of age, however, cortisol reactivity and recovery were related only to behavioral reactivity during a fear‐eliciting task. Results indicate that while behavioral reactivity is predictive of whether or not infants and young children will exhibit a cortisol response to emotionally arousing tasks, behavioral and cortisol reactivity are not necessarily coupled. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 474–488, 2014.
Detection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) by mass spectrometry procedures in doping controls
Authors: Thomas Andreas , Walpurgis Katja , Delahaut Philippe , Kohler Maxie , Schänzer Wilhelm , Thevis Mario 
Published: August 2013

Uncovering manipulation of athletic performance via small interfering (si)RNA is an emerging field in sports drug testing. Due to the potential to principally knock down every target gene in the organism by means of the RNA interference pathway, this facet of gene doping has become a realistic scenario. In the present study, two distinct model siRNAs comprising 21 nucleotides were designed as double strands which were perfect counterparts to a sequence of the respective messenger RNA coding the muscle regulator myostatin of Rattus norvegicus. Several modified nucleotides were introduced in both the sense and the antisense strand comprising phosphothioates, 2'‐O‐methylation, 2'‐fluoro‐nucleotides, locked nucleic acids and a cholesterol tag at the 3'‐end. The model siRNAs were applied to rats at 1 mg/kg (i.v.) and blood as well as urine samples were collected. After isolation of the RNA by means of a RNA purification kit, the target analytes were detected by liquid chromatography – high resolution/high accuracy mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS). Analytes were detected as modified nucleotides after alkaline hydrolysis, as intact oligonucleotide strands (top‐down) and by means of denaturing SDS‐PAGE analysis. The gel‐separated siRNA was further subjected to in‐gel hydrolysis with different RNases and subsequent identification of the fragments by untargeted LC‐HRMS analysis (bottom‐up, ‘experimental RNomics’).Combining the results of all approaches, the identification of several 3'‐truncated urinary metabolites was accomplished and target analytes were detected up to 24 h after a single administration. Simultaneously collected blood samples yielded no promising results. The methods were validated and found fit‐for‐purpose for doping controls. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ferrocenyl‐Functionalized Tetranuclear Gold(I) and Gold(I)–Copper(I) Complexes Based on Tridentate Phosphanes
Authors: Dau Thuy Minh , Shakirova Julia R. , Doménech Antonio , Jänis Janne , Haukka Matti , Grachova Elena V. , Pakkanen Tapani A. , Tunik Sergey P. , Koshevoy Igor O. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractTetranuclear AuI–FeII dimetallic and AuI–CuI–FeII trimetallic complexes bearing ferrocenyl (Fc) groups have been assembled by using two triphosphane ligands, namely, (PPh2CH2)2PPh (dpmp) and (PPh2)3CH (tppm). The compositions and structural type of the clusters are dependent on the stereochemistry of the P donor ligands. The complexes [tppmAu3Cu(C2R)3]PF6 [R = Fc (1) and 4‐C6H4‐Fc (2)] adopt a trigonal pyramidal {Au3Cu} arrangement of the coordinating metal core, whereas for the compounds with the linear triphosphane [Au4(dpmp)2(C2R)2](PF6)2 [R = Fc (3) and 4‐C6H4‐Fc (4)], a planar rhomboidal {Au4} framework was found. Clusters 1–4 were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and ESI‐MS measurements. The solid‐state structures of 1, 3, and 4 have been determined by X‐ray crystallography. The electrochemical properties of 1–4 were studied and revealed redox processes attributed to the Fc functions. Oxidation of the Fc units in 1, 2, and 4 occurs independently. In 3, an electron transfer process mediated by the {Au4} metal core was observed.
An Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Michael Addition of Cyclic Ketones to 1,3‐Diene‐1,1‐dicarboxylates
Authors: Chowdhury Raghunath , Ghosh Sunil K. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe purely organocatalyzed direct Michael addition of cycloalkanones to 1,3‐diene‐1,1‐dicarboxylates was effected by a combination of (S)‐2‐(4‐toluenesulfonamidomethyl)pyrrolidine and acetic acid. Addition products were formed in high yield and with good regio‐, diastereo‐, and enantioselectivity. The catalysis took place through a dual activation mode, that is, a nucleophilic enamine activation of the donor ketone and an eletrophilic hydrogen‐bonding activation of the acceptor diene dicarboxylate. The addition products could easily undergo a stereoselective ketone reduction and subsequent lactonization to give compounds with high synthetic potential.
Practical First Total Synthesis of the Potent Phytotoxic (±)‐Naphthotectone, Isolated from Tectona grandis
Authors: Guerrero‐Vásquez Guillermo A. , Andrade Carlos Kleber Z. , Molinillo José M. G. , Macías Francisco A. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractNaphthotectone is a quinone isolated recently from teak extracts of Tectona grandis. It has been shown to be one of the most abundant compounds and the most active compound isolated form teak. Thus, it has been proposed that naphthotectone is one of the compounds responsible for the allelophathic activity of this plant. An efficient total synthesis of (±)‐naphthotectone was achieved in seven steps and 31 % overall yield. The best results were obtained by using an aqueous Wittig reaction as a key step. Other reactions used were the formation of an epoxide ring by the Corey–Chaykovsky method, and an innovative one‐pot anodic electrooxidation and demethylation.
Stability of a Crank–Nicolson pressure correction scheme based on staggered discretizations
Authors: Boyer F. , Dardalhon F. , Lapuerta C. , Latché J.‐C. 
Published: August 2013

SUMMARYIn the context of LES of turbulent flows, the control of kinetic energy seems to be an essential requirement for a numerical scheme. Designing such an algorithm, that is, as less dissipative as possible while being simple, for the resolution of variable density Navier–Stokes equations is the aim of the present work. The developed numerical scheme, based on a pressure correction technique, uses a Crank–Nicolson time discretization and a staggered space discretization relying on the Rannacher–Turek finite element. For the inertia term in the momentum balance equation, we propose a finite volume discretization, for which we derive a discrete analogue of the continuous kinetic energy local conservation identity. Contrary to what was obtained for the backward Euler discretization, the dissipation defect term associated to the Crank–Nicolson scheme is second order in time. This behavior is evidenced by numerical simulations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment of the preferences of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) fed with Riparian tree leaves: A microcosm study
Authors: Fidalgo Maria Leonor , Ferreira Cláudia , Sampaio Ana 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe conducted a microcosm study to assess the preferences of Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852), an invasive and successful crayfish species, for conditioned leaf litter from alder, oak, and plane with and without feces access. Some chemical foliar characteristics were determined at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Alder and plane leaves had higher total nitrogen and lower C:N ratio than oak. Oak and plane exhibited similar polyphenol contents. Animals preferred alder>plane>oak leaves (p < 0.0001) and a coprophagous trend was observed. Consumption rates varied among litters according to fecal availability and the interaction litter/fecal availability. Our results suggest that the importance of P. clarkii in breakdown of riparian tree leaves depends not only on the tree species and their characteristics, but also on access to fecal material. Leaf species with high N contents and low C:N ratios would be preferably consumed by the crayfish, and the consumption would be faster in lotic than in lentic systems.
The effects of decapod crustacean macroconsumers on leaf detritus processing and colonization by invertebrates in stream habitats: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Mancinelli Giorgio , Sangiorgio Franca , Scalzo Alessandro 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe conducted a meta‐analysis of the available literature to assess the effect of decapod crustacean macroconsumers on the processing and invertebrate colonization of leaf detritus in streams. Supplementary methodological (experimental set‐up), geographical (i.e. latitude, climate) and biological (i.e. macroconsumers body size, detritus quality expressed as initial C:N ratio) data were collected, with the aim of assessing their influence on effect sizes variability. Overall, our results indicated some important effects of decapod crustacean macroconsumers on both detritus processing and colonization by invertebrates. Among the different factors examined, detritus quality and macroconsumer body size were important for predicting detritus processing and invertebrate colonization effects, respectively. This indicates that the pivotal role played by decapod crustacean macroconsumers on leaf decomposition, food webs, and wider stream ecosystem functioning, may be regulated by the interplay of both detritus chemistry and consumer's body size. The limitations and inadequacies of the analyzed literature are discussed.
Hyperspectral enhanced dark field microscopy for imaging blood cells
Authors: Verebes Giulia Sacco , Melchiorre Michele , Garcia‐Leis Adianez , Ferreri Carla , Marzetti Carla , Torreggiani Armida 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn this work, a novel methodology based on hyperspectral imagery with enhanced Darkfield microscopy for probing and characterizing changes in blood cell components was tested. Two main categories of blood cells were analyzed, red and white blood cells. Unique spectral signatures of ordinary and most common deformed morphologies of red blood cells were identified. Moreover, examination of white blood cells allowed to characterize and differentiate active from inactive cells.The findings indicate the ability of this technique to detect changes in light scattering property of blood cells due to their morphological properties Since pathological states can alterate the discocyte shape, this preliminary, but promising application of the hyperspectral analysis to blood cells can be useful to evaluate significant correlations of blood cell spectral features in healthy and pathological conditions. The combination of the quali‐ and quantitative spectral signatures of hyperspectral imaging microscopy with the information of the subject health conditions may provide a new tool for clinical applications. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Material loss at the taper junction of retrieved large head metal‐on‐metal total hip replacements
Authors: Matthies Ashley K. , Racasan Radu , Bills Paul , Blunt Liam , Cro Suzie , Panagiotidou Anna , Blunn Gordon , Skinner John , Hart Alister J. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTIt has been speculated that material loss, either as corrosion or wear, at the head–stem taper junction is implicated in the high revision rates reported for metal‐on‐metal total hip replacements. We measured the volume of material loss from the taper and bearing surfaces of retrieved devices, and investigated the associations with blood metal ion levels and the diagnosis of a cystic or solid pseudotumor. The median volumes of material lost from the female and male taper surfaces were 2.0 and 0.29 mm3, respectively, while the median volumes of wear from the cup and head bearing surfaces were 1.94 and 3.44 mm3, respectively. Material loss from the female taper was similar to that from the acetabular bearing surface (p = 0.55), but significantly less than that from the femoral bearing surface (p < 0.001). Material loss from the male taper was less than that from both bearing surfaces (p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis demonstrated no significant correlations between the volume of material lost from the taper surfaces and either blood cobalt or chromium ions, or the presence of pseudotumor. While a substantial volume of material is lost at the taper junction, the clinical significance of this debris remains unclear. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1677–1685, 2013
Assessing rabies knowledge and perceptions among ethnic minorities in Greensboro, North Carolina
Authors: Palamar Maria Baron , Peterson M. Nils , Deperno Christopher S. , Correa Maria T. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTHuman behaviors play a fundamental role in the epidemiology of urban wildlife diseases, and those behaviors are shaped by knowledge and ethnicity. We evaluated knowledge of rabies, transmission routes, vector species, and response to rabies exposure with a bilingual (English/Spanish) in‐person survey in Greensboro, North Carolina. Ethnicity, gender, and education level were predictors of rabies knowledge. Latinos and African Americans had less rabies knowledge than non‐Latino Whites. Non‐Latino Whites and men had less knowledge than women. Only 41% of African American respondents identified animal bites as a route of rabies transmission to humans, and less than half of all respondents knew that washing a bite wound with soap and water was useful rabies prevention. Our knowledge scale was internally consistent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.73) and could be valuable for future studies of zoonotic disease knowledge. Future rabies educational campaigns should focus on developing culturally sensitive, language appropriate educational materials geared to minorities. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Hearing preservation and speech perception outcomes with electric‐acoustic stimulation after 12 months of listening experience
Authors: Adunka Oliver F. , Dillon Margaret T. , Adunka Marcia C. , King English R. , Pillsbury Harold C. , Buchman Craig A. 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo report on single‐center data of an FDA‐approved clinical trial on the objective benefits of cochlear implantation and subsequent ipsilateral Electric‐Acoustic Stimulation (EAS).Study DesignSingle‐center data from a prospective, multicenter clinical trial.MethodsEighteen subjects completed the 12‐month EAS evaluation and were included in this evaluation. Each patient underwent cochlear implantation using a standardized hearing preservation approach. Both hearing preservation and speech perception abilities were evaluated at various intervals. Speech testing included performance measures obtained in quiet (CNC words) and noise (adaptive CUNY protocol) in three listening conditions: hearing aid (HA) alone, cochlear implant (CI) only, and combined ipsilateral EAS.ResultsVarious levels of hearing preservation were achieved with cochleostomy and round‐window surgical approaches in 17 of the 18 subjects. Mean CNC word scores at the 12‐month interval were 14.9 ± 12.1, 45.3 ± 15.4, and 70.7 ± 11.7% correct in the HA only, CI only, and EAS conditions, respectively. Average CUNY scores at 0 dB SNR were 14.6 ± 17.2, 47.1 ± 22.1, and 72.2 ± 21.5 for the three test conditions obtained after 12 months.ConclusionsData obtained during this clinical trial correlate well with previous reports. Hearing preservation appears successful in a high number of subjects, and combined EAS offers excellent speech perception abilities in quiet and in noise. Laryngoscope, 123:2509–2515, 2013
Otorhinolaryngological patient injuries in finland
Authors: Lehtivuori Tuuli , Palonen Reima , Mussalo‐Rauhamaa Helena , Holi Tarja , Henriksson Markus , Aaltonen Leena‐Maija 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisOtorhinolaryngology (ORL) is considered a specialty associated with few serious patient injuries. Research data that support this belief are, however, scarce. We analyzed claims associated with ORL to determine the number of Finnish cases and the possible common denominators.Study DesignRegister study of ORL cases in the Patient Insurance Centre (PIC), the Regional State Administrative Agencies (RSAA), and the National Supervisory Authority for Welfare and Care (Valvira) during the years 2004 to 2008.MethodsThese three agencies are the main actors in the field of patient injury in Finland. We analyzed compensated ORL patient injury cases from the PIC and cases associated with the ORL specialty for Valvira and RSAA from 2004 to 2008 and surveyed patient treatment files, statements from specialists, and compensation decisions.ResultsInjuries were usually associated with operations; three patients who experienced injuries during these procedures died. Common ORL operations such as tonsillectomy, septoplasty, and paranasal sinus surgery were most often associated with compensated injuries. Serious injuries were few, with a total of 110 out of 422 (26.1%) claims compensated by the PIC. Of the 110 compensated cases, 30 (27.3%) were related to tumor surgery. The most usual compensated case had iatrogenic nerve injury affecting the facial or trigeminal nerves. Of the compensated cases, 79 (71.8%) were treated by specialists, 15 (13.6%) by residents, and the rest by other medical professionals.ConclusionsPatient injuries in ORL are seldom severe and are strongly associated with surgery. A typical compensated injury was one that occurred in a central hospital during working hours.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 123:2397–2400, 2013
An exploration of factors predicting malnutrition in patients with advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Silander Ewa , Nyman Jan , Hammerlid Eva 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisMalnutrition is common among head and neck cancer patients and negatively impacts on survival and quality of life. This study aimed to identify predictors of malnutrition at time of diagnosis in order to identify patients at risk and enable early nutritional support and prevent malnutrition.Materials and MethodA total of 134 patients with advanced oral and pharyngeal cancer were included in the study. Weight, body mass index (BMI), fat free mass (FFM), dysphagia, and quality of life were measured at diagnosis and after 6 months. Two definitions for malnutrition were applied: >10% weight loss and BMI <20 after 6 months.ResultsSix months after diagnosis, 66% of the patients were malnourished as per the >10% weight loss definition, and 26% of the patients were malnourished as per the BMI < 20 weight loss definition. In multivariate analysis, low BMI followed by low FFM and dysphagia were the strongest predictors for malnutrition using BMI <20. Chemotherapy and high BMI at diagnosis were the strongest predictors of malnutrition using the 10% weight loss definition. For patients treated with chemotherapy, the risk for malnutrition was very high both for patients with normal BMI (67%) and for patients with BMI 30 (89%).ConclusionUnintended weight loss more than 10% seems to be the most reasonable definition of malnutrition for identifying predictors of this in head and neck cancer patients. The weight loss correlated significantly to a loss of FFM. Treatment with chemotherapy was a strong predictor, as was a high BMI at time of diagnosis. This is an important finding since overweight patients might not be considered at high risk for developing malnutrition, and consequently nutritional support for them might be delayed.Laryngoscope, 123:2428–2434, 2013
Congenital granular cell tumor with uncommon clinical behavior
Authors: Roesch Sebastian , Dejaco Martin , Hauser‐Kronberger Cornelia , Rasp Gerd 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisCongenital granular cell tumor (CGCT), also known as congenital epulis, is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor of the oral cavity. We report of a 3 years and 7 months old female patient undergoing surgical excision of an oral tumor. Subsequent histological and immunohistological investigations within the clinical course led to the diagnosis of CGCT. However, clinical findings in this case, such as primary onset and an untypical location within the oral cavity, clearly stand in contrast to those usually found in CGCT, resulting in an exceptional case not previously described in the literature. Laryngoscope, 123:2459–2462, 2013
Does the type of cleft palate contribute to the need for secondary surgery? A national perspective
Authors: Owusu James A. , Liu Meixia , Sidman James D. , Scott Andrew R. 
Published: August 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo determine whether the type of cleft palate is associated with a need for secondary surgery (oronasal fistula repair, speech surgery) after primary cleft palate repair.Study DesignRetrospective analysis of a national pediatric database (2009 Kids' Inpatient Database).MethodsWe identified two distinct cohorts of children who underwent primary and secondary (revision) cleft palate repairs, respectively, from a national, pediatric database (2009 Kids' Inpatient Database). Revision ratios for each cleft palate diagnosis were calculated to identify diagnoses with higher rates of revision. Revision ratio was calculated by dividing the relative frequency of each diagnosis in the secondary repair cohort by the corresponding relative frequency in the primary repair cohort.ResultsIn 2009, there were 1942 cases of primary cleft palate repair in the 44 states participating in the KID's inpatient database. Fifty‐two percent (n=1018) were male. The average age at the time of surgery was 13.36 months. In the same year secondary cleft palate procedures were performed on 724 different patients, 54% (n=388) were males. The average age for secondary procedures was 59 months. Cleft lip and palate diagnoses had higher revision rate ratios (1.92) compared to cleft palate only (0.54) P <0.05.ConclusionChildren with an initial diagnosis of cleft lip and palate, which is more severe than cleft palate only, have comparatively higher rates of secondary cleft palate procedures than children with cleft palate only.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 123:2387–2391, 2013