bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internal Jugular Vein Collapsibility Index versus Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index Guided Preloading for Prevention of Spinal Anesthesia Induced Hypotension During LSCS: An Interventional Study
Authors: Shah Pratibha Jain , Agrawal Pratiksha , Peri Madhumita Ravi 
Published: August 2024

Background and Aims:
Goal directed fluid therapy (GDFT) in parturients helps to prevent spinal anesthesia induced hypotension (SAIH) and volume overload. This interventional study compared the inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI) and the internal jugular vein collapsibility index (IJVCI) guided preloading for prevention of SAIH during lower segment ceserean section (LSCS) in terms of the incidence of SAIH as the primary outcome and the total amount of fluid, mean dose of the vasopressor, the number of boluses of vasopressor required, and the incidence of intra-operative complications as secondary outcomes.

Methodology:
A total of 144 full-term parturients aged 20–40 years with American society of anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade II, height (140–165 cms), weight (40–70 kgs), those who were fluid responders, and those who had a window period of 1 hour before surgery under spinal anesthesia (SA) undergoing LSCS were allocated into two groups (n = 72): group IJV and group IVC. Ultrasonography (USG) guided Internal jugular vein (IJV) and Inferior vena cava (IVC) collapsibility index (CI) was recorded an hour before spinal anesthesia (SA) as per the groups assigned and preloaded accordingly. After SA, the incidence of SAIH, the requirement of vasopressor, and fluid were recorded, and side effects were managed.

Results:
In group IVC, the incidence of SAIH (36.84%), mean dose (3.51 ± 5.02 µg), and mean boluses (0.44 ± 0.63) of norepinephrine required to manage hypotension were significantly lower than in group IJV, and the mean goal directed fluid administered before LSCS (504.46 ± 181.48 ml) and overall mean total fluid (1104.39 ± 160.99 ml) administered were significantly higher than in group IJV. Except for shivering, the incidence of all other complications was significantly lower in group IVC (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Both IVCCI and IJVCI guided preloading are effective in combating SAIH during LSCS, but IVCCI is comparatively better than IJVCI for CI guided preloading.
Comparative Efficacy of Intermittent Bolus Doses of Phenylephrine and Norepinephrine in Preventing Maternal Bradycardia during Cesarean Section under Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sood Devika , Singh Prabhjeet , Pruthi Gegal , Kaur Gurpreeti , Goyal Namrata , Taneja Ashima , Grewal Anju 
Published: August 2024

Background and Aims:
Maternal hypotension is a common concern during cesarean sections (CS) with spinal anesthesia and can have adverse consequences for both the mother and fetus. This study aimed to investigate the prophylactic effectiveness of intermittent boluses of phenylephrine and norepinephrine in preventing maternal bradycardia during maintenance of systolic blood pressure (SBP) within 90–100% of baseline.

Material and Methods:
Two hundred American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status -II parturients scheduled for CS with subarachnoid block (SAB) were randomly assigned to Group A (phenylephrine, 50 µg) or Group B (norepinephrine, 4 µg). The primary goal was to assess the incidence of maternal bradycardia (≤50 bpm) whilst SBP maintenance at 90-100% of baseline. The secondary objectives encompassed total boluses administered, episodes of hypertension (≥120% of baseline), Intraoperative nausea and vomiting (IONV), and neonatal APGAR scores. The time from intrathecal injection to fetal delivery (induction–delivery interval) was also evaluated.

Results:
Both norepinephrine and phenylephrine groups effectively prevented spinal-induced hypotension, with similar outcomes However, Group A (phenylephrine) experienced a significantly higher incidence of bradycardia (18%) compared to Group B (norepinephrine) with only 5% (P=0.016). Episodes of hypertension, IONV, and neonatal APGAR scores were comparable between the two groups.

Conclusion:
Intermittent boluses of norepinephrine and phenylephrine demonstrated equivalent efficacy in preventing spinal-induced hypotension during CS. However, norepinephrine exhibited an advantage over phenylephrine by significantly reducing the incidence of bradycardia. These findings support the consideration of norepinephrine as an effective alternative vasopressor for maintaining maternal hemodynamics during CS under SAB.
Extraction, Purification, Assay, and Antimicrobial activity of Bromelain from Pineapple
Authors: Shilpa V  , Sheema Kauser  , Sudha N  , Dr. Venkatesh Babu  , Dr. Vasudha B  
Published: August 2024

Pineapple- Ananas comosus (Morris) is a fruit of the tropics. Bromelain, an enzyme, is extracted from the stem, fruit, skin, pulp, and leaf. The crude enzyme having proteolytic activity was purified and precipitated. Protein estimation and its assay were done by Lowry’s method & GDU respectively. The molecular weight was determined by SDS-PAGE. Bactericidal activity was observed against both Gram-positive bacteria- Streptococcus and Gram-negative Bacteria-Salmonella by well method and tube method.
The Boundary Problem Reconsidered
Authors: Ye Yaqian 
Published: August 2024

In recent years, political philosophers have devoted growing attention to the questions of political obligation. The debate mainly centers on the question “Is there a moral duty to obey the law?” Political obligation refers to a moral obligation to obey the laws of one’s state, and therefore the question may also be “Do we have political obligations?” At present, there are various theories offered to respond to this question, though none arereceiving widespread consensus.
In this paper, I am going to answer the question “Is there a moral duty to obey the law?” I will defend functionalist theories of political obligation against two well-known objections: the problem of unilateral annexation and the problem of historical injustice. In Section 1, I will explain what functionalism is. In Section 2, I will explain the main objections against it. In Section 3, I will undermine these objections by showing them to depend on untrustworthy intuitions. In contrast, I will show that the case for functionalism can be made without relying on similarly untrustworthy intuitions. Section 4 is the conclusion.
"O que quer uma mulher?"
Authors: Rosa Miriam Izolina Padoin Dalla 
Published: August 2024

Em resposta à questão “afinal, qual é a tese da tua Tese?”, esta tese afirma que a parrhesía se contrapõe à submissão e ao sofrimento psíquico, possibilitando a invenção e a expressão da feminilidade, seja por meio da palavra falada ou escrita. Portanto, estuda o conceito de parrhesía relacionado com a mulher, por meio das práticas do franco-falar sobre si, que são operadas em sua construção da feminilidade. Suas principais referências bibliográficas são os últimos três cursos desenvolvidos por Foucault e textos psicanalíticos de Freud a Lacan. Seu objetivo é discutir os enigmas da feminilidade a partir da questão posta pela clínica psicanalítica “O que quer uma mulher?”, em sua articulação ao conceito de parrhesía elucidado por Foucault. Elegeram-se a narrativa literária Antígona, peça de Sófocles; O Caso Dora, texto em que Freud relata clinicamente a história de Ida Bauer; referências a Safo de Lesbos, Aspásia de Mileto, Hildegarda de Bingen, Christine de Pisan, Mary Wollstonecraft, Marie-Olympe de Gouges; Lou Andreas-Salomé, Gabriela Mistral e da brasileira Nísia Floresta, Mulheres parrhesiástas que desconfiaram da solidez das formulações teóricas clássicas, patriarcais, fortemente excludentes, apostando, com irreverência, nos caminhos tangenciais. Ao final, a Tese discute o gozo suplementar como próprio da sexualidade feminina, sustentando uma posição de abertura para o ‘querer’ da mulher, manifestado em ato por meio da parrhesía.
Rethinking Humanitarian Intervention
Authors: Bellamy Alex J. , McLoughlin Stephen 
Published: August 2024

Two leading experts in the field re-examine the traditional understanding of humanitarian intervention in this major new text. The recent high-profile interventions in Iraq, Libya and Syria show the various international responses to impending or ongoing humanitarian crises, tracking the development from ad hoc military interventions to a more formalised international human rights regime. This evolution has fundamentally changed the way that states and international society think about, and respond to, atrocities. This textbook charts and explains the transformation, examines the challenges that confront it, and asks whether this new politics can withstand the growing crises in international politics. The human protection system is not perfect, but attempts to reduce both the incidence and lethality of atrocity crimes.
The authors argue that armed intervention alone is rarely sufficient to halt humanitarian atrocities, but must be understood within the wider context of peacemaking, including non-violent action. The requirement for states to intervene is codified in international law, and this raises important practical, political and moral questions for consistent humanitarian action.
Based on the authors' two decades of research, this text is the ideal companion for students of International Relations, taking modules on Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect at undergraduate and postgraduate levels.
The Desire to Write
Authors: Harper Graeme 
Published: August 2024

In this dynamic exploration of the discipline of creative writing, Graeme Harper departs from the established 'how-to' model in a personal manifesto which analyses why human beings are, and have long been, passionate about writing. Illuminating the five essential keys to creative writing, directly related to the desire to undertake it, Harper analyses creative writing's past and ponders its future, drawing on theories of the self, cultural interaction, consumption and communication.
Blending practice-based critical context with contemporary creative writing theory, this book is an ideal companion for undergraduate and postgraduate students of creative writing and literature. Lively and thought-provoking, it is an invaluable tool for all aspiring and established writers who wish to harness the positive effects of their craft.
Global Mindedness in International Social Work Practice
Authors: Anand Janet Carter , Das Chaitali 
Published: August 2024

International' social work is too often used as a bolt on subject which considers 'others' outside the 'national' framework. Instead this book encourages readers to embrace the concept of 'globally minded social work practice'. This means paying closer attention to globalisation and broader issues of social justice, mirroring the kind of changing professional context social workers practice in today.
Drawing on a Local-Global-Local framework, the authors promote critical reflection and dialogue across diverse contexts of practice. They outline why global mindedness is a priority for the future of social work practice before considering how it is defined and applied in practice. Examples are drawn from a wide range of contexts including working with children, young people, adults and communities across different countries.
Revisiting Psychology
Authors: Bartels Jared M. , Herman William E. 
Published: August 2024

This textbook presents overviews of 12 landmark studies in psychology from diverse areas of research such as consciousness, developmental psychology, learning, memory, social psychology and psychopathology. Through a range of critical thinking exercises and reflective questions, students can evaluate the methodology and impact of these classic studies and quickly hone their analytical and critical thinking skills.
Accessible, clearly-structured and written with undergraduate students in mind, this book will make essential reading for any psychology course.
Introduction to Impacting Education Themed Issue
Authors: Rodriguez Rosaisela , Montaño Elizabeth 
Published: August 2024

Educational leadership doctoral granting programs have been on the rise for the last 25 years. These programs recruit students who work full-time as educational leaders while completing full-time doctoral coursework. Previous research on educational doctoral programs has found that they provide unique access to doctorates in education (EdD) for first generation students and students of color. In addition to access, educational doctoral programs create spaces for these students to improve their leadership skills. This issue leverages and shares the voices of alumni of an educational leadership doctoral program and faculty. This special issue highlights what they have learned from their scholar-practitioner journeys. We organized the contributions into three themes that make visible the leadership and scholar-practitioner journeys of our alums and faculty. Most importantly, our contributors emphasize how their doctorate degrees have impacted their capacity for research to inform their everyday practice, and how their leadership abilities were enhanced by the transformative experiences they had in their program.
Especies de Candida aisladas en pacientes mujeres en edad reproductiva con candidiasis vaginal en Gualeguaychú, Entre Ríos, Argentina
Authors: Pérez Duarte Iván Rodrigo , Razetto Georgina , Leiva Silvina Érica , Torres Luciano , Juárez María Josefina , Almeida Sofía 
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Conocer las especies Candida aisladas en pacientes mujeres en edad reproductiva con candidiasis vaginal. Determinar el perfil de sensibilidad a antifúngicos (ATF) de las especies de Candida aisladas.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, en el cual se aislaron en medio Sabouraud suplementado con glucosa 124 cepas de Candida provenientes de muestras de flujo vaginal obtenidas durante el período de Mayo 2022 a Enero 2023. Para la identificación de especie se utilizó CHROMagar Candida y se realizaron pruebas complementarias como formación de tubo germinativo y pseudohifas en pool de suero humano, desarrollo de clamidoconidios en medio agar harina de maíz-tween 80 e investigación de asimilación de trehalosa. La sensibilidad in vitro fue investigada por el método de difusión con discos de ATF (Neo-Sensitabs®; Rosco Diagnóstika) fluconazol(FLU), Itraconazol(ITRA) y Anfotericina B(AMB) y siguiendo las recomendaciones de Clinical & Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI).
Resultados:Se observó C. albicans en 85,5 % de los aislados seguida por C. glabrata con 7.3 %, C.krusei 4%, C. tropicalis 2.4% y otras especies candida. Para FLU, 0.9% de las cepas de C. albicans, 11.1 % de Candida glabrata y 100% de C.krusei presentaron resistencia. Para ITRA, el 17% de los aislamientos de C. albicans, el 55.6% de C. glabrata y 100% de C. krusei fueron resistentes. No hubo aislamientos resistentes a AMB.
Conclusiones: La candidiasis vaginal sigue teniendo como agente etiológico principal a Candida albicans que es ampliamente sensible a los ATF. Las especies C. glabrata y C. krusei presentan un aumento en la resistencia a los azoles y suelen ser las responsables de fallas en los tratamientos con ATF. Los resultados obtenidos ratifican la creciente necesidad de la realización de las pruebas de identificación de especies de Candida y determinación de la sensibilidad in vitro a los ATF con el fin de orientar el tratamiento de la candidiasis vaginal hacia el éxito terapéutico.
In vitro induction and investigation of salinity tolerance in the callus of Vigna spp. (L)
Authors: Alsewidi Wasan Mohammed , Al-Oubaidi Hashim Kadhim 
Published: August 2024

Cowpeas can be employed for rotational grazing or generating high-quality food when paired with crops such as maize. Cowpea seeds provide a substantial amount of protein and other essential elements. The purpose of this work was to use a mutagen and a high salt concentration to extract a salt tolerance gene from the callus. The callus was induced by adding 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4- D at mg/l and was then subjected to various concentrations of a combination of salts consisting of sodium chloride NaCl and Calcium Chloride.CaCl2, in addition to Magnesium chloride MgCl2, with a rate of 2:2:1 and potion 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mM of the salt mixture added to the culture medium. Various levels of di ethyl sulfate (DES) mutagenic solution at a concentration of 0.1 mM were used to soak the callus for 30 minutes. The results showed that when using quantitative polymerase chain reaction q-PCR, they showed two genes of vigna, the first gene in this research. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 (ADF3) demonstrated the explanation of the genes at doses of DES+200, 200, and 250 mM; however, the most elevated level of gene expression at DES+200mM is CT 30.47, with an upregulation of 2.479. The second gene, Protein S2, demonstrated that the gene is highly expressed at DES+200mM, cycle threshold (CT) 31.68, and DES+250mM concentrations and is upregulated at DES+150mM was 128.
Resiliensi Terhadap Self Care Pada Lansia Dengan Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Fitriyah Elly , Eppy Setiyowati  , Caesario Dimas Aditya  , Aprilia Nurika Putri  , Lailil Ika Feby  , Shelly Nursofya Lestari  , Miftakhul Dwi Ersanti  
Published: August 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) ialah kadar gula darah mencapai angka yang melebihi batas normal. Resiliensi dapat diartikan sebagai proses keberhasilan agar penderita DM dapat beradaptasi dengan stress dan penyakitnya, sehingga perawat diri dalam penyakit tersebut menjadi baik. Tujuan penelitian ini melihat bagaimana korelasi resiliensi terhadap self-care pada lansia dengan DM. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional dengan observasi analitik terhadap 33 lansia, pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling, intrumen pada 2 variabel menggunakan kuesioner yang memiliki kriteria yang berbeda dalam menentukan tingkatan skor untuk menghitung besar penilaian responden terkait variabel tersebut. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan spearman rho. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat resiliensi sedang sebesar 57,6%, sedangkan tingkat self-care buruk sebesar 63,6% terkait corelation ditemukan adanya hubungan antara resiliensi dengan self-care menggunakan besaran p value : 0.016(p < 0,05). Hasil penelitian yaitu adanya tingkat ketahanan pada orang lanjut usia terkait dengan kualitas perawatan yang mereka berikan untuk diri mereka sendiri; Dengan kata lain, kurang ketahanan dikaitkan dengan perawatan diri yang lebih baik.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN, PEKERJAAN DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP PEMILIHAN METODE KONTRASEPSI JANGKA PANJANG PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR DI KLINIK BPJS IRMA SOLIKIN MRANGGEN DEMAK
Authors: Sherli Deviana  , Widya Mariyana  , Rinda Intan Sari  
Published: August 2024

The Long-Term Contraception Method is an effective and efficient method to manage the pregnancy and stop the pregnancy of a fertile couple that does not want to have babies. This method is useful for the long-term duration, 10 years ahead. The selection of contraception tools receives various factors, such as socio- demographical factors: education, age, job, and the number of children. This research determined the correlation between education, profession, and family support toward the long-term contraception method selection for fertile women. This analytical survey research used a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of fertile women with active contraception acceptors at the BPJS Clinic, Irma Solikhin, consisting 201 people. The applied sampling technique was purposive sampling. The obtained sample was 134 respondents. The applied instrument was a questionnaire. The applied data analysis technique was Chi-square. The results showed a correlation between education and the selection of the Long-Term Contraception Method with a p-value of 0.000, lower than 0.05. The result showed a correlation between profession and the Long-Term Contraception Method at the clinic with a p-value of 0.000, lower than 0.05. The same result was also observable in the family support toward the Long-Term Contraception Method with a p-value of 0.000, lower than 0.05.

Keywords: Education, Profession, Family Support, LTCM
Mikrobiota Saluran Cerna dalam Penanganan Masalah Stunting
Authors: Grace Angela Philips  , Dety Mulyanti  
Published: August 2024

Stunting adalah kondisi di mana anak di bawah 5 tahun memiliki gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan akibat kekurangan gizi kronis dan infeksi berulang. Prevalensi stunting pada balita tahun 2022 adalah 21,6%. Angka ini masih diatas standar yang ditetapkan oleh WHO yakni 20%. Tujuan artikel ini adalah mengkaji artikel yang berhubungan dengan peram mikrobiota saluran cerna terhadap kejadian stunting di Indonesia. Sumber data didapatkan melalui database Google Scholar dan ScienceDirect dengan kriteria artikel penelitian yang relevan tentang mikrobiota saluran cerna terhadap stunting dan dilakukan di Indonesia, desain penelitian longitudinal, kasus kontrol, maupun cross-sectional, publish tahun 2018-2023, berbahasa Indonesia atau Inggris dan bersifat open access. Didapatkan 5 artikel yang sesuai kriteria inklusi kemudian dilakukan sintesis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mikrobiota non patogen yang mendominasi di saluran cerna pada balita dapat membantu terjadinya stunting pada anak. Hal ini disebabkan peran mikrobiota tersebut dalam penyerapan zat gizi serta memperkuat sistem imunitas tubuh anak.
Pengaruh Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Pola Perilaku Sehat Masyarakat: Literatur Review
Authors: Anang Sofyan Zulfikar  , Dety Mulyanti  
Published: August 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) merupakan pandemi di akhir tahun 2019 yang disebabkan oleh virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS Cov-2). Dampak pandemi Covid-19 tak hanya dirasakan pada sector kesehatan namun juga seluruh sector secara umum. Terjadinya Covid-19 di seluruh negara juga memberikan dampak perubahan tatanan kehidupan di masyarakat. Terdapat beberapa kebiasaan baru terkait pola hidup lebih sehat yang diadaptasi masyarakat agar tetap bisa bertahan ditengah pandemi Covid-19. Tujuan artikel ini adalah menganalisis artikel yang berhubungan dengan pengaruh pandemi Covid-19 terhadap pola perilaku sehat masyarakat. Sumber data didapatkan melalui database terkomputerisasi seperti PubMed, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Portal Garuda serta Google Scholar dengan kriteria artikel penelitian yang relevan mengenai adaptasi pola hidup sehat selama pandemi Covid-19, publish tahun 2019-2023, berbahasa Indonesa atau Inggris dan bersifat open access. Lima artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi kemudian dianalisis dan dilakukan sintesis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kebiasaan baru terkait pola hidup sehat yang diadaptasi masyarakat setelah terjadinya pandemi Covid-19.