bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical screening and in-vitro efficacy of Calpurnia aurea against two transovarial vectors: Amblyomma variegatum and Rhipicephalus microplus
Authors: Negash Nigatu , Andualem  , Mandefro Belayhun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Ticks are the second most common vector of human infectious diseases after mosquitoes. Their transovarial transmission contributes to the maintenance of environmental diseases. This study evaluates the phytochemical screening and in vitro efficacy of Calpurnia aurea against the adult survival and egg hatchability of two transovarial transmission vectors: Amblyomma variegatum and Rhipicephalus microplus.
Methods: Plant material was extracted using maceration techniques, and concentrated solutions of 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 ppm were prepared. Distilled water and diazinon were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Ten adult ticks were exposed for 10 minutes, and dead ticks were counted after 24 hours of recovery. Twenty 15-day-old eggs were immersed for 10 minutes, and after 15 days of incubation, hatched and unhatched eggs were tallied. Preliminary phytochemical constituents were screened. A one-way analysis of variance and the probit regression model determined mean mortality and hatchability and estimated lethal and inhibitory concentrations, respectively.
Results: The ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts caused 10±0.0% mortality in adult A. variegatum and R. microplus. The effective dose was LC50 of 27 and 29 ppm and LC50 of 37 and 41 ppm, respectively. At 400 ppm, the leaf ethanolic and aqueous extracts showed 18.7±0.9% and 18.3±1.7%; 18.3±1.2% and 19.7±0.3% egg hatching inhibition, respectively. The effective dose had an IC50 of 50 ppm and IC50s of 91 and 79 ppm, respectively. Flavonoids and saponins were found in both leaf and pod extracts.
Conclusions: C. aurea extracts showed a more promising effect on tick survival and hatchability than synthetic diazinon. The susceptibility test indicated that the leaf extract could control vectors and contribute to environmental disease maintenance. Complex phytochemicals, especially phenolic compounds, are additional evidence of effectiveness in vector control. Further investigation of in vivo efficacy and advanced fractionation of phytochemicals is needed.
An effective technique for automatic portfolio stock selection, diversification, and optimization
Authors: Monamo Mmabusulane P , Twala Bhekisipho , Pretorius Jan Harm Chrisiaan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In this paper, a novel stock-to-sector-to-benchmark ratio or anomaly that assists investors in automating stock selection, diversification, and optimization for portfolio management is introduced. The approach uses three market capitalization values, one for the individual stock, one for the sector, and one for the benchmark capitalization, to calculate the ratio. The results of this paper prove the efficacy of the proposed methodology. Out of the eleven constructed for the period under study, all the portfolios constructed beat the benchmark in terms of the highest weighted returns, lowest risk, and highest Sharpe ratio during the sample period (1979 to 2019). Fama‒French three-factor and five-factor models are used to assess whether the factor loadings influence performance. Although the Fama-French three-factor models showed a statistically significant alpha, the asset pricing model had an average adjusted R2 of 13%, while the adjusted R2 of the Fama-French five-factor model had an average of 60% (excluding a single stock-based portfolio). These portfolios exhibit a statistically significant negative SMB, which implies that the performance of the portfolios is affected by large capitalization stocks, which is in direct contrast to the popular belief that outperformance is influenced mainly by small-cap stocks.
Results of modern radiation-hygienic surveys of settlements of Bryansk Oblast of the Russian Federation bordering the Republic of Belarus. Part 3: Radionuclide content in agricultural food products
Authors: Romanovich I. K. , Bazyukin A. B. , Bratilova A. A. , Bruk G. Ya. , Drozdova E. A. , Zhesko T. V. , Kaduka M. V. , Kravtsova O. S. 
Published: July 2024

The third article in a series of publications devoted to the results of studying the current radiation situation in the territories of the Bryansk region bordering the Republic of Belarus presents results of studies of the content of radionuclides (137Cs and 90Sr) in samples of agricultural food products produced in the personal subsidiary plots of the population. The regularities of changing 137Cs and 90Sr content in samples of cow’s milk and potatoes depending on the level of radioactive contamination of the territory were studied; the present values of the quantities characterizing the distribution of the ratio of the activity concentration of radionuclides in agricultural food products to the density of radioactive contamination of the soil of the territory were deter -mined. The ratios of average values of 137Cs activity concentration in milk from stalled and grazing periods for cattle were analyzed. The results of the study show that some dairy product samples (less than 1%) do not meet the radiological safety criterion. Exceedances of the hygienic standards were not found in the studied samples of potatoes, vegetables, and meat of farm animals.
Characterization of Moroccan cactus juice toward its use as a green flocculant in wastewater treatment
Authors: Sbai Ali , Kounbach Said , S'Id Ely Cheikh , M'Bareck Chamekh 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The present work is dedicated to the characterization of Moroccan cactus juice, which shows encouraging performance in wastewater treatment. Various techniques were used to highlight the chemical and physical properties of this natural product. Elemental analysis of cactus juice using inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy revealed the presence of numerous minerals. Fourier Transform Infrared, ultraviolet, and nuclear magnetic spectroscopies demonstrate the presence of many carbohydrate components. Identification of volatile compounds by gas chromatography reveals the presence of Gibb-3-ene-1,10-dicarboxylic acid, ethyl gallate, 3TMS derivative, ethyl ester and 1-(2-Isopropyl-phenyl)-3,6,6-trimethyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro–indazol. Thermogravimetric analysis indicates three peaks at 100, 200 and 600 °C, corresponding to the mass loss of water, polysaccharides, and organic matter, respectively. The rheological characterization of cactus juice suggests that this liquid exhibits shear-thinning behavior, which is governed by the Casson model. The results of the Zeta potential measurement demonstrate the anionic character of cactus juice as a flocculant, with −25 mV as a value of zeta potential. Its use as a flocculant in organic matter removal shows that the chemical oxygen demand decreases significantly with the increase of the added cactus juice dose, confirming, therefore, its flocculating behavior.
Improved bacterial elimination in wastewater through electrocoagulation: hydrogen generation, adsorption of colloidal bacteria-flocks, and electric field bactericidal action
Authors: Boudjema Nouara , Kherat Mohamed , Mameri Nabil 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Electrocoagulation (EC) has emerged as a promising method for wastewater treatment, offering efficient removal of various contaminants, including bacteria. This study investigates the mechanisms underlying bacterial removal in EC processes, mainly the hydrogen-mediated foam, the effect of operational parameters, including initial pH, current density, and reaction time, and evaluates the associated energy consumption. The EC reactor employed aluminum electrodes and operated at a current intensity of 3.0 A. It demonstrated a notable bacterial removal efficiency, with 120.102 UFC ml−1 of mesophyll floral aerobic bacteria removed through colloid bacteria-flocs precipitation, 440.102 UFC ml−1 via bacterial-bulls flotation from foam, and 117.102 UFC ml−1 through attraction at the electrodes’ plate surface. We found that the EC process leads to the formation of aluminum hydroxide and ferrous hydroxide precipitates, which adsorb bacteria and facilitate their removal from the wastewater via electrostatic forces with an energy consumption of 45 kWh/m3. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the mechanisms governing bacterial removal in EC and highlights the importance of energy consumption analysis for optimizing wastewater treatment processes.
Investigation of the flood event under global climate change with different analysis methods for both historical and future periods
Authors: Gül Burak , Kayaalp Necati 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Global climate change is a phenomenon resulting from the complex interaction of human influences and natural factors. These changes lead to imbalances in climate systems as human activities such as greenhouse-gas emissions increase atmospheric gas concentrations. This situation affects the frequency and intensity of climate events worldwide, with floods being one of them. Floods manifest as water inundations due to factors such as changes in rainfall patterns, rising temperatures, erosion, and sea-level rise. These floods cause significant damage to sensitive areas such as residential areas, agricultural lands, river valleys, and coastal regions, adversely impacting people's lives, economies, and environments. Therefore, flood risk has been investigated in decision-making processes in the Diyarbakır province using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method and future disaggregation of global climate model data. HadGEM-ES, GFDL-ESM2M, and MPI-ESM-MR models with RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios were used. Model data were disaggregated using the equidistance quantile matching method. The study reveals flood-risk findings in the HadGEM-ES model while no flood risk was found in the GFDL-ESM2M and MPI-ESM-MR models. In the AHP method, flood risk analysis was conducted based on historical data across Diyarbakır and interpreted alongside future rainfall data.
Vertical electrical sounding for characterizing subsurface tectonic features and their impacts on groundwater occurrences: a case study of basaltic Jbab uplifting in southern Syria
Authors: Asfahani Jamal 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Eighteen vertical electrical soundings (VES) were carried out by applying the Schlumberger configuration to characterize the main subsurface tectonic features and determine their impacts on groundwater occurrences of the uplifted Jbab area in southern Syria. Different interpretative approaches were used to interpret these VES distributed on one longitudinal profile (LP) and four transverse profiles TP1, TP2, TP3, and TP4. The originality of this work is the conjoint use of the Pichgin–Habibullaev technique, the fractal concentration–number (C–N) modeling technique, and the 1D inversion technique as an integrated interpretative approach (IIA) in subsurface basalt characterization. This IIA proves its efficacy while interpreting the VES data, in delineating the main subsurface geology and the tectonic conditions and their influences on the groundwater distributions in a basaltic Jbab environment. Several optimum VES points are accordingly proposed and arranged according to their importance for drilling wells for groundwater extraction. The integrated developed geoelectrical technology described in this paper is recommended to be applied for characterizing similar basaltic areas worldwide.
Effectiveness of self-care monitoring on self-behavior of diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Suciana Fitri , Budi Syahputri Rezyana , Winarti Ambar , Pramono Cahyo 
Published: July 2024

<p><strong><em>Background</em></strong><em> : Diabetes Mellitus is called the silent killer because this disease can affect all organs of the body and cause various kinds of complaints. Chronic hyperglicemia can affect the sufferes’s quality of life and cause rehospitalization. Decreased quality of life is caused emergence of hyperglicemia complications.. Controlling diabetes mellitus includes monitoring blood sugar levels, exercise or physical activity, diet, education and drug of diabetes mellitus. </em></p><p><em>Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that causes complications. The problem of complications is prevented by performing the 4 pillars of self-care while at home.</em></p><p><strong><em>Objectives</em></strong><em> : The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of DM management on self-care. </em></p><p><strong><em>Methods </em></strong><em>: The research design in this study used a quantitative descriptive quasi-experimental method . The sampling technique used accidental sampling with a total of 30 respondents. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test to determine pre and post results in each group and used the Mann Whitney test to determine the mean difference in the two groups. </em></p><p><em>Inclusion criteria included respondents who were registered as prolanis members. The research instrument used a self-care monitoring sheet with the SDSCA (Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activity) questionnaire with r table value 0.361 </em></p><p><strong><em>Results </em></strong><em>: The result is the Asymp.Sig value. (2 tailed) has a value of 0.001, so Ha is accepted, which means there is a difference in self-care ability between before being given DM management and after being given DM management. </em></p><p><em>Based on the findings of researchers in this study, the value of Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) value is 0.001, meaning that Ha is accepted. there is a difference between pretest and posttest in both the control and intervention groups. </em></p><p><strong><em>Conclusions </em></strong><em>: There is a difference in the average self care ability of diabetes mellitus patients using monitoring sheets. </em></p><p><em>The conclusion is that the self-care management programme is effective on self-behavior</em>.</p><p> </p>
Digital Interventions for Reducing Loneliness and Depression in Korean College Students: Mixed Methods Evaluation
Authors: Kang Boyoung , Hong Munpyo 
Published: July 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the prevalence of loneliness and depression among college students. Digital interventions, such as Woebot (Woebot Health, Inc) and Happify (Twill Inc), have shown promise in alleviating these symptoms.

Objective
This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and acceptability of Woebot and Happify in reducing loneliness and depression among college students after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A mixed methods approach was used over 4 months. A total of 63 participants aged 18 to 27 years from Sungkyunkwan University in Seoul, South Korea, were initially recruited, with an inclusion criterion of University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale score ≥34. The final sample consisted of 27 participants due to attrition. Participants were randomly assigned to Woebot (15/27, 55%); Happify (9/27, 33%); or a control group using Bondee (Metadream), a metaverse social network messenger app (3/27, 11%). Quantitative measures (UCLA Loneliness Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and qualitative assessments (user feedback and focused interviews) were used.

Results
Although mean decreases in loneliness and depression were observed in the control and intervention groups after the intervention, the differences between the control and intervention groups were not statistically significant (UCLA Loneliness: P=.67; Patient Health Questionnaire-9: P=.35). Qualitative data indicated user satisfaction, with suggestions for improved app effectiveness and personalization.

Conclusions
Despite limitations, this study highlights the potential of well-designed digital interventions in alleviating college students’ loneliness and depression. The findings contribute to the growing body of research on accessible digital mental health tools and underscore the importance of comprehensive support systems. Further research with larger and more diverse samples is needed to better understand the effectiveness and optimization of such interventions.

Trial Registration
Clinical Research Information Service KCT0009449; https://bit.ly/4d2e4Bu
The Study of Analysis Toward Zakat of Honey on Mazhab Imam Syafi’i Perspective
Authors: Harahap Haddad Ulum , Putra Dedisyah , Khalidi Muhadi , Linur Rahmat , Acela Nuriza 
Published: July 2024

Honey is a special food ingredient because of its taste, nutritional value and high efficacy. That's why honey is revered by many people as a unique type of food that is also medicinal which has been known since ancient time because it is able to maintain the immune system for those who consume it. In the past, people were not familiar with honey livestock and only got it in forests, but now many people have cultivated honey and even developed it with a factory processed system in such a way. This research will discuss the position of honey and the law of zakat on the results of the honey business based on the thought of mazhab (school of thought concerning Muslim law) Imam Shafi'i. This research is a library research with a qualitative approach. The result of research was that Imam Syafi’I had two views known as Qaul al-Qadim and Qaul al-Jadid. Zakat of honey in qaul al-qadim is obligated to pay zakat with qiyas that honey included staple food based on hadist and prophet’s friends. Imam Syafi’I says that honey is not obligated to pay because it does not include staple food. Imam Syafi'i moved from qaul qadim to qaul Jadid because he found a stronger argument to be used as a legal basis. Therefore, Imam Syafi'i did ijtihad and dismantled the results of the previous ijtihad be based on weak arguments. He says “The hadith saḥiḥ is my mazhab and leave my opinion if it contradicts the hadith sahih”. Istinbath (method in understanding the proposition of revelation)of law used by him is Imam Syafi’I to construct the reason based the hadist. Keywords: Honey, Zakat, Imam Syafi’i
Esperança no cuidado de pacientes com câncer avançado
Authors: Dos Santos-Silva Leonel , Hainiski-Ramos Tangriane , Puchalski-Kalinke Luciana 
Published: July 2024

A esperança é um constructo multidimensional, orientado por atributos motivacionais e cognitivos do indivíduo, trata-se uma dimensão intrínseca no cuidado de pacientes com câncer nos diferentes ambientes de prática clínica. Esta análise tem como objetivo refletir sobre o constructo da esperança no paciente com câncer avançado, apoiado nas etapas do ciclo de reflexão da experiência (descrição; sentimentos; avaliação; análise; plano de ação e conclusões). Nos diferentes contextos de cuidados, somos confrontados com pacientes que desconhecem o estágio de câncer avançado e os objetivos do tratamento. Tal situação resulta em múltiplos vieses, esperança exacerbada ou de cura não realista e potencializa o sofrimento psicoemocional. A comunicação compreensível promove a sobrevida com qualidade, autotranscendência e a morte pacífica. Para (não) concluir, a compreensão da experiência humana da pessoa com câncer e a comunicação qualitativa devem ser a base para nortear o plano de cuidados na promoção da esperança para além da doença avançada, visto que a esperança é algo positivo e essencial para a salutogênese.
Santiago Londoño Londoño: apuntes biográficos sobre la militancia orgánica del «Comunista millonario» colombiano
Authors: Martínez Castillo Héctor Alfonso 
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar cómo la trayectoria vital del médico comunista Santiago Londoño Londoño (Pereira, Colombia 1920-1982), que abarca gran parte del siglo xx, aporta a la comprensión de algunas características de la generación revolucionaria y contestataria, nacional e internacional, de las décadas de 1960 y 1970.
La biografía política de Londoño, perteneciente al Partido Comunista Colombiano y a las fuerzas de izquierda arropadas ideológicamente por el triunfo de la Revolución Cubana, posibilita comprender una época efervescente a diferentes escalas, dentro de una gran variedad de contextos conflictivos. La investigación se basó en una amplia variedad de fuentes orales y documentales, que tras su debida contextualización y análisis permitieron la reconstrucción de las huellas del activismo público de Londoño.
Incidencia de la motivación hacia el aprendizaje y las expectativas educativas de los estudiantes uruguayos de 3° de Educación Media
Authors: Wilkins Masse Andrés 
Published: July 2024

Just by the end of the last century, the Social Sciences have begun to take an interest in socioemotional skills; especially, in motivation for learning by reporting the incidence that this has on educational performance (Santos and Primi, 2014, Farrington et al., 2012).In this study, our objective is to know the incidence of learning motivation on the educational expectations of high school students. To do so, we start from a quantitative methodology by analyzing the Aristas Media 2018 survey (Instituto Nacional de Evaluación Educativa [INEEd], 2018] to a representative sample of students in 3rd year of high school that evaluates performance in Mathematics and Reading in Spanish. The main findings are that only intrinsic motivation has an impact on short-term educational expectations, while intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to Mathematics have an impact on long-term expectations, taking into account variation effect of other factors.
Kurdish rights between British conventions and Iraqi constitutions
Authors:   Sunni Endowment - Waei Center for Consultation and Capacity Building - Erbil - Iraq, Al Jaf Jawan 
Published: July 2024

كانت فكرة بناء الدولة الكوردية وضمان حقوقهم السياسية، حيث كان الشعور بالمظلومية يشكل الأساس الفكري لأغلب الحركات السياسية الكوردية التي ترفع شعارات تنادي باستعادة وحماية حقوق الشعب الكوردي وفق المواثيق والالتزامات بين جميع الأطراف وكانت دائماً تتمحور المطالب الرئيسية للشعب الكوردي من أجل ضمان حقوقهم الثقافية واللغوية والسياسية والإنسانية ومنها: 1-	الاعتراف بالهوية الكوردية والتي تشمل الاعتراف باللغة الكوردية وحقوق الثقافة والتعليم والتعبير عن الهوية الكوردية. 2-	الحقوق السياسية والتي تشمل الحق بالمشاركة بالسلطة السياسية والحكم الذاتي وتقاسم السلطة وإدارة شؤونها الداخلية. حيث كان مطلب المواطن هو الحصول على حقوقه السياسية لأنها تتسم بقدرٍ كبير من التعقيد وذلك لتداخل الأبعاد السياسية فيها. وبما أن السياسة تبقى فن الممكن والواقع، وأن يتم التعامل مع الحقائق التاريخية على الأرض، لذلك فقد كان الكورد يسعون دائماً إلى الحوار الفكري والنقاش من أجل الحصول على حقوقهم، وحماية الشعب والأرض والشرف، والأمل في بناء دولة مدنية تحافظ على مصيرهم وتثبت وجودهم، يُضاف إليه تاريخ الحقوق القانونية للقومية الكوردية التي تملك مقومات الدولة في ظل سيادة يحميها الدستور، مع مساحة واسعة من الحرية السياسية
Cloud Computing Based Data Processing and Automated Management of Power Dispatch
Authors: Yucheng Shu , Yan Liu , Kailin Ma 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As smart grids increase, the scope of power dispatch systems has broadened, encompassing not just traditional dispatch services but also multifaceted information services, encompassing data fusion, heterogeneous system integration, and big data analytics. However, managing intricate information businesses like big data analysis poses numerous challenges for the current power dispatch system, hindering its ability to keep up with escalating business demands. We introduce a cloud computing and big data analytics-based design scheme for a power dispatch data processing and automation management system to address this. Leveraging the distributed computing prowess of cloud computing platforms, the system ensures swift processing and analysis of vast power dispatch data. Additionally, by harnessing big data analysis techniques, the system delves into historical data, uncovers potential operational patterns and risk areas, and offers insights for optimizing the Electric Power System’s (EPS) operations. Experimental outcomes demonstrate the system’s remarkable proficiency in enhancing data processing, real-time control, and automation management capabilities, thereby bolstering the growth of intelligent power dispatch systems with robust technical backing.