bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METABOLIC TRANSFORMATION SHAPES POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL AND POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER PATTERNS IN BELUGA WHALES (DELPHINAPTERUS LEUCAS)
Authors: Desforges Jean-Pierre W. , Ross Peter S. , Loseto Lisa L. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

While the accumulation of persistent contaminants in marine mammals can be attributed directly to their prey, the role of metabolism in shaping patterns is often overlooked. In the present study, the authors investigated the role of metabolic transformation in influencing polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) patterns in offshore and nearshore groups of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) and their prey. Congener profiles and principal components analysis (PCA) revealed similar PCB and PBDE patterns in beluga whales feeding either offshore or nearshore, despite divergent contaminant patterns in the putative prey of these two feeding groups. The clustering of PCBs into metabolically derived structure–activity groups (SAGs) and the separation of metabolizable and recalcitrant groups along principal component 1 of the PCA revealed the important role of metabolic transformation in shaping PCB patterns in beluga. Lack of metabolism for congeners with high ortho-chlorine content was revealed by metabolic slopes equal to or greater than 1.0. Metabolic slopes for all other SAGs were less than 1.0 (p &lt; 0.001), suggesting metabolism of congeners with ortho-meta and meta-para vicinal hydrogens via induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A/2B/3A). Metabolic indices less than 1.0 for PBDEs (p &lt; 0.001) suggested that beluga metabolized these poorly understood flame retardants. The strikingly similar PCB patterns in a captive beluga and free-ranging beluga from the Beaufort Sea provide additional evidence that metabolic transformation is a dominant driver of contaminant patterns in beluga. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:1132–1142. © 2013 SETAC
Expression of caveolin‐1 in the early phase of beta‐TCP implanted in dog mandible
Authors: Chou Cherng‐Tzeh , Bhawal Ujjal K. , Watanabe Nobuyuki , Kuboyama Noboru , Chang Wei‐Jen , Lee Sheng‐Yang , Abiko Yoshimitsu 
Published: February 2013

AbstractCaveolin is an essential and signature protein of caveolae. Caveolin‐1 participates in signal transduction processes by acting as a scaffolding protein that concentrates, organizes and functional regulates signalling molecules within caveolar membranes. Beta‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) has been widely used for scaffold in tissue engineering due to its high biodegradability, osteoconductivity, easy manipulation, and lack of histotoxicity. To better understand the role of caveolin‐1 in bone homeostasis and response to β‐TCP scaffold, β‐TCP was implanted into the dog mandible defects in beagle dogs, and gene expression profiles were examined focused on the molecular components involved in caveolin‐1 regulation. Here we showed the quantitative imageology analysis characterized using in vivo micro‐computed tomography (CT) images at 4 and 7 days after β‐TCP implanted in dog mandibles. The bone reformation by using the β‐TCP scaffolds began within 4 days of surgery, and was healing well at 7 days after surgery. Higher mRNA level of caveolin‐1 was observed in β‐TCP‐implanted Beagle dog mandibles compared with controls at day 4 and day 7 post‐surgery. The enhancement of caveolin‐1 by β‐TCP was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis. We further revealed increased Smad7 and Phospho Stat3 expression in β‐TCP‐implanted specimens. Taken together, these results suggest that the enhancement of caveolin‐1 play an important role in accelerating bone formation by β‐TCP. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2013.
Effects of Developmental Deltamethrin Exposure on White Adipose Tissue Gene Expression
Authors: Armstrong Laura E. , Driscoll Maureen V. , More Vijay R. , Donepudi Ajay C. , Xu Jialin , Baker Angela , Aleksunes Lauren M. , Richardson Jason R. , Slitt Angela L. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTDeltamethrin, a type II pyrethroid, is a widely used insecticide. The purpose of this study was to determine whether perinatal deltamethrin exposure altered the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes in white adipose tissue (WAT) in adult pups. C57BL/6 pregnant mice were administered 0, 1, or 3 mg/kg of deltamethrin orally every 3 days throughout gestation and lactation. Offspring were weaned on postnatal day 25, and WAT was collected from 5‐month‐old male mice. Perinatal deltamethrin exposure decreased the mRNA expression of adipogenesis‐related transcription factors Pparγ, Cebpα, and lipogenic genes Srebp1c, Acc‐1, Cd36, Lpl, Scd‐1; along with Nrf2 and target genes Nqo1 and Gclc at the 1 mg/kg treatment. Cytokine expression of Fas/Tnf‐R and Cd209e at the 1 mg/kg treatment was significantly decreased, and expression of Tnf, Cd11c, and Fas/Tnf‐R was decreased at the 3 mg/kg treatment. Developmental deltamethrin exposure did not overtly affect body weight or adipose weight, but decreased mRNA expression of specific genes that may potentially disrupt normal adipogenesis and lipid and glucose metabolism if the offspring are challenged by changes in diet or environment. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J BiochemMol Toxicol 27:165‐171, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21471
Long‐term variation of precipitation indices in Ceará State, Northeast Brazil
Authors: Guerreiro Maria João Simas , Maia de Andrade Eunice , Abreu Isabel , Lajinha Teresa 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe state of Ceará is a semiarid region in north‐eastern Brazil, having a high spatial and temporal variability of precipitation, which poses challenges for water resources management. The objective of this study is to describe and analyse the long‐term variation of monthly precipitation indices and their relation to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. Data from 55 weather stations in the state of Ceará from 1974 to 2009 was analysed. In general, a decreasing tendency in monthly precipitation was observed over almost all the state of Ceará. The results point to a tendency for dry months to become dryer and to a decrease in precipitation intensity. SST anomalies from October to March correlate with precipitation indices from January to April, showing decreasing lag times towards the end of the wet season. The most influential SST anomalies locations are Niño 1+2, Niño 3, Niño 3.4 and Global Tropics.
Changes in daily precipitation extremes in the Mediterranean from 1951 to 2010: the Basilicata region, southern Italy
Authors: Piccarreta M. , Pasini A. , Capolongo D. , Lazzari M. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTChanges in precipitation extremes for the Basilicata region, southern Italy, have been analyzed using data from 55 precipitation stations with complete daily time series during the period 1951–2010. All the series were submitted to quality control assessment and homogenization. To detect possible trends the time series analysis was performed with the Mann–Kendall non‐parametric test. The annual and seasonal total precipitation underwent a general downward trend over the period 1951–2010 mainly due to the autumn‐winter decrease of precipitation, although the tendency for the last decade is clearly positive. The precipitation intensity shows a general positive trend, mainly due to the upward trend of spring. The dry spell mean has increased throughout the region over 1951–2010, even if a really important opposite trend characterizes the last decade. The wet spell mean has decreased throughout the region from 1951 to 2010, although a strong inversion of tendency has been recorded in the last 10 years. Trends in the extreme daily precipitation have indicated a general downward tendency, mainly during the summer season. The analysis of multi‐day sequences of moderate to heavy rainfall has indicated a corresponding increase in their frequency and intensity, especially in the last decade. The overall results indicate a present hydroclimatic regime characterized by an increase in total rainfall and precipitation intensity and a small decrease in dry spell lengths. The positive change in precipitation magnitude is due to multi‐day extreme precipitation rather than to single‐day precipitation. This last observation is very important for its huge hydrological impact on the environment. In Basilicata, the increase in intensity/frequency of multi‐days extreme events has led to the growth of severe flooding and landsliding events, not only in autumn and winter, but even in the early spring.
A branch‐and‐bound‐based solution approach for dynamic rerouting of airborne platforms
Authors: Murray Chase , Karwan Mark 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article is a sequel to a recent article that appeared in this journal, “An extensible modeling framework for dynamic reassignment and rerouting in cooperative airborne operations” [17], in which an integer programming formulation to the problem of rescheduling in‐flight assets due to changes in battlespace conditions was presented. The purpose of this article is to present an improved branch‐and‐bound procedure to solve the dynamic resource management problem in a timely fashion, as in‐flight assets must be quickly re‐tasked to respond to the changing environment. To facilitate the rapid generation of attractive updated mission plans, this procedure uses a technique for reducing the solution space, supports branching on multiple decision variables simultaneously, incorporates additional valid cuts to strengthen the minimal network constraints of the original mathematical model, and includes improved objective function bounds. An extensive numerical analysis indicates that the proposed approach significantly outperforms traditional branch‐and‐bound methodologies and is capable of providing improved feasible solutions in a limited time. Although inspired by the dynamic resource management problem in particular, this approach promises to be an effective tool for solving other general types of vehicle routing problems. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013
Adolescent survivors of childhood cancer: are they vulnerable for psychological distress?
Authors: Gianinazzi Micol E. , Rueegg Corina S. , Wengenroth Laura , Bergstraesser Eva , Rischewski Johannes , Ammann Roland A. , Kuehni Claudia E. , Michel Gisela ,   for Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group (SPOG)
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to (i) evaluate psychological distress in adolescent survivors of childhood cancer and compare them to siblings and a norm population; (ii) compare the severity of distress of distressed survivors and siblings with that of psychotherapy patients; and (iii) determine risk factors for psychological distress in survivors.MethodsWe sent a questionnaire to all childhood cancer survivors aged <16 years when diagnosed, who had survived ≥5 years and were aged 16–19 years at the time of study. Our control groups were same‐aged siblings, a norm population, and psychotherapy patients. Psychological distress was measured with the Brief Symptom Inventory‐18 (BSI‐18) assessing somatization, depression, anxiety, and a global severity index (GSI). Participants with a T‐score ≥57 were defined as distressed. We used logistic regression to determine risk factors.ResultsWe evaluated the BSI‐18 in 407 survivors and 102 siblings. Fifty‐two survivors (13%) and 11 siblings (11%) had scores above the distress threshold (T ≥ 57). Distressed survivors scored significantly higher in somatization (p = 0.027) and GSI (p = 0.016) than distressed siblings, and also scored higher in somatization (p ≤ 0.001) and anxiety (p = 0.002) than psychotherapy patients. In the multivariable regression, psychological distress was associated with female sex, self‐reported late effects, and low perceived parental support.ConclusionsThe majority of survivors did not report psychological distress. However, the severity of distress of distressed survivors exceeded that of distressed siblings and psychotherapy patients. Systematic psychological follow‐up can help to identify survivors at risk and support them during the challenging period of adolescence. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Laser Initiation of Non‐Primary Explosive Detonators
Authors: Du Jian Guo , Ma Hong Hao , Shen Zhao Wu 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAiming to solve the problems caused by primary explosives in traditional detonators, a new kind of non‐primary explosive detonator based on the principle of flying plate detonator is invented. However, in some special circumstances, such as high temperature, strong radiation, strong magnetic field, overload, high‐pressure conditions, the non‐primary explosive detonator cannot work well because of the defects of its usual used initiating method like electric hot wire initiating devices, electric exploding bridge wire initiator, and initiating by a shock‐conducting tube. In this context, initiation by low energy laser is applied to non‐primary explosive detonator. After this combination, the non‐primary explosive detonator performs well in resisting high temperature, high pressure, overload, and electric interference.
Aging of HTPB/Al/AP Rocket Propellant Formulations Investigated by DMA Measurements
Authors: Cerri Sara , Bohn Manfred A. , Menke Klaus , Galfetti Luciano 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThree HTPB‐based rocket propellant formulations containing ammonium perchlorate and aluminum particles, with different aluminum content and particle size, have been manufactured. The study has focused on the change of mechanical properties with aging time by using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Therefore, propellant formulations underwent an accelerated aging program, in air (RH<10 %), between 60 °C and 90 °C with aging time adjusted to a thermal equivalent load of 15 to 20 years at 25 °C. DMA investigations revealed distinct changes in the shape of the loss factor curve. These curves were modeled with three exponentially modified Gaussian (EMG) functions in order to get the molecular interpretation of the involved aging phenomena by separating the binder fractions with different mobility. Aging of propellant formulations can be followed by considering only two parameters: the areas of the second and third loss factor transition peaks (A2, A3), and the corresponding maximum temperature values of the assigned Gauss peaks (Tc2, Tc3).
Estrogen inhibits estrogen receptor α‐mediated rho‐kinase expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis rats
Authors: Feng Jinzhou , Zhang Guanghui , Hu Xiao , Si Chen Cindy , Qin Xinyue 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of estrogen on multiple sclerosis (MS) have been reported in previous studies. Evidence has been found that estrogen can inhibit axonal loss in the MOG‐induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS. Rho‐kinase (ROCK) mediates axonal growth‐inhibitory signals via the Rho/Rho‐kinase pathway. The inhibition of ROCK decreases axonal loss in EAE. However, there is no study reporting the association between estrogen and ROCK in MS and EAE. We examined the anti‐inflammatory and axonal protective effects of estrogen and explored the probable mechanism whereby estrogen inhibits ROCK through ERα in EAE rats. Results show that 17β‐estradiol (E2) can significantly avoid the loss of neurological function in EAE rats. E2 also decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells and cytokines including IL‐1β, TNF‐α, and IL‐17, but increased the expression of IL‐4. E2 inhibited the expression of ROCK and NF‐200 in EAE rats. The inhibitory effect on ROCK was abolished when nonselective estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist ICI 182780 was added to E2. Furthermore, the expression of ROCK was inhibited by ERα‐selective ligand agonist propyl pyrazole triol. ERβ‐selective ligand WAY‐202041 has no effect on the expression of ROCK. These observations suggest that estrogen inhibits the expression of ROCK in EAE rats and that the inhibitory effects are mediated by ERα rather than ERβ. Synapse 67:399–406, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inactivation property of microorganisms in water irradiated by atmospheric‐pressure plasma using dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Tanaka Shoma , Horinouchi Tadahiro , Abe Shoichi , Matsuno Yasumasa , Sasaki Toru , Kikuchi Takashi , Harada Nobuhiro 
Published: February 2013

AbstractMicroorganisms in water were inactivated by irradiating with an atmospheric‐pressure plasma generated by a dielectric barrier discharge. To understand the inactivation mechanism of microorganisms, the actions due to irradiation with plasma discharge, heating, and chemical reaction are studied. We compare the buffer gases helium and argon in generating the atmospheric‐pressure plasma. The results indicate that the inactivation with the helium as buffer gas is higher than with argon. It is found that the inactivation ratio at different reactor volumes depends on the density of microorganisms in water. © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A search process for appropriate running of adjacent metro trains within stations based on genetic algorithm
Authors: Hei Xinhong , Li Yuxiang , Wang Lei , Ma Qiaomei 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTo improve the efficiency of adjacent metro trains entering and leaving a station, we propose an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) which introduces a combinational mutation strategy to the classical genetic algorithm. Based on this algorithm, the running processes of adjacent metro trains within stations are optimized. The process is primarily divided into three stages: posterior trains entering the station, posterior trains stopping at the station, and previous trains leaving the station. These stages are principally influenced by four factors: the acceleration and initial speed of the posterior train entering the station; the time when the previous train leaves the station; and the acceleration of the previous train leaving the station. Moreover, there are certain coupling features and relationships among these factors. How to search for the optimal values of these factors is the issue to be discussed in this paper. Experiment results show that we can obtain an optimal solution in the space established by a suitable combination of values for these factors, and that the IGA is potentially useful for optimization design. © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Counter‐ion Effect on Micellization of Ionic Surfactants: A Comprehensive Understanding with Two Representatives, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) and Dodecyltrimethylammonium Bromide (DTAB)
Authors: Naskar Bappaditya , Dey Arnab , Moulik Satya P. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractVarious micelle parameters viz., critical micelle concentration (CMC), counter‐ion binding (β), aggregation number (N), hydrodynamic radius (Rh), micelle zeta potential (ζ) and energetic parameters, free energy of micellization (), enthalpy of micellization () and entropy of micelle formation () were determined for sodium dodecylsulfate, and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide in the presence of NaCl for the former and NaBr for the latter. Conductometry and calorimetry methods were used for the measurements of CMC and energetic parameters. The fluorimetric (static quenching) method was employed to determine N and dynamic light scattering to estimate Rh and ζ. The conductometrically determined β was verified from the CMC values by calorimetry using the Corrin–Harkins equation. The results found for the two surfactants of identical tails but different head groups have been presented and discussed. A detailed report on the salt effect using salts containing counter‐ions the same as those in the surfactant is found only limitedly in the literature.
Brief report: Adolescents' co‐rumination with mothers, co‐rumination with friends, and internalizing symptoms
Authors: Waller Erika M. , Rose Amanda J. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe current research examined co‐rumination (extensively discussing, rehashing, and speculating about problems) with mothers and friends. Of interest was exploring whether adolescents who co‐ruminate with mothers were especially likely to co‐ruminate with friends as well as the interplay among co‐rumination with mothers, co‐rumination with friends, and anxious/depressed symptoms. Early‐ to mid‐adolescents (N = 393) reported on co‐rumination and normative self‐disclosure with mothers and friends and on their internalizing symptoms in this cross‐sectional study. Co‐rumination with mothers (but not normative self‐disclosure) was concurrently associated with adolescents' co‐rumination with friends. In addition, the relation between co‐rumination with mothers and adolescents' anxious/depressed symptoms reported previously (Waller & Rose, 2010) became non‐significant when co‐rumination with friends was statistically controlled. This suggests that the relation between friendship co‐rumination and anxious/depressed symptoms may help explain the relation between mother‐child co‐rumination and anxious/depressed symptoms. Potential implications for promoting adolescents' well‐being are discussed.
Age of onset group characteristics in forensic patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Vinokur D. , Levine S.Z. , Roe D. , Krivoy A. , Fischel T. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis study aims to empirically identify age of onset groups and their clinical and background characteristics in forensic patients with schizophrenia. Hospital charts were reviewed of all 138 forensic patients with schizophrenia admitted to Geha Psychiatric Hospital that serves a catchment area of approximately 500,000 people, from 2000 to 2009 inclusive. Admixture analysis empirically identified early- (M = 19.99, SD = 3.31) and late-onset groups (M = 36.13, SD = 9.25). Early-onset was associated with more suicide attempts, violence before the age of 15, and early conduct problems, whereas late-onset was associated with a greater likelihood of violence after the age of 18 and marriage (P < 0.01). The current findings provide clinicians with a unique direction for risk assessment and indicate differences in violence between early- and late-onset schizophrenia, particularly co-occurrence of harmful behavioral phenotypes.
Factors associated with borderline personality disorder in major depressive patients and their relationship to bipolarity
Authors: Azorin J.M. , Kaladjian A. , Adida M. , Fakra E. , Belzeaux R. , Hantouche E. , Lancrenon S. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the interface between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolarity in depressed patients comorbid with BPD.MethodsAs part of National Multi-site Study of 493 consecutive DSM-IV major depressive patients evaluated in at least two semi-structured interviews 1 month apart, 19 (3.9%) had comorbid BPD (BPD+), whereas 474 (96.1%) did not manifest this comorbidity (BPD−).ResultsCompared to BPD (−), BPD (+) patients displayed higher rates of bipolar (BP) disorders and temperaments, an earlier age at onset with a family history of affective illness, more comorbidity, more stressors before the first episode which was more often depressive or mixed, as well as a greater number and severity of affective episodes.ConclusionsThe hypothesis which fitted at best our findings was to consider BPD as a contributory factor in the development of BP disorder, which could have favoured the progression from unipolar major depression to BP disorder. We could not however exclude that some features of BP disorder may have contributed to the development of BPD.