bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
20‐O‐β‐d‐Glucopyranosyl‐20(S)‐Protopanaxadiol Suppresses UV‐Induced MMP‐1 Expression Through AMPK‐Mediated mTOR Inhibition as a Downstream of the PKA‐LKB1 Pathway
Authors: Shin Dong Joo , Kim Jong‐Eun , Lim Tae‐Gyu , Jeong Eun Hee , Park Gaeun , Kang Nam Joo , Park Jun‐Seong , Yeom Myeong‐Hun , Oh Deok Kun , Bode Ann M. , Dong Zigang , Lee Hyong Joo , Lee Ki Won 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTVarious health effects have been attributed to the ginsenoside metabolite 20‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐20(S)‐protopanaxadiol (GPD); however, its effect on ultraviolet (UV)‐induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐1 expression and the mechanism underlying this effect are unknown. We examined the inhibitory effect of GPD on UV‐induced MMP‐1 expression and its mechanisms in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). GPD attenuated UV‐induced MMP‐1 expression in HDFs and suppressed the UV‐induced phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p70S6K without inhibiting the activity of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase and Akt, which are well‐known upstream kinases of mTOR. GPD augmented the phosphorylation of liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), which are inhibitors of mTOR, to a greater extent than UV treatment alone. Similar to GPD, 5‐aminoimidazole‐4‐carboxamide‐1‐β‐d‐ribofuranosyl 5′‐monophosphate (AICAR), an activator of AMPK, augmented UV‐induced AMPK phosphorylation to a greater extent than UV treatment alone, resulting in the inhibition of MMP‐1 expression. AICAR also decreased the phosphorylation of mTOR and p70S6K. However, compound C, an antagonist of AMPK, increased MMP‐1 expression. In HDF cells with AMPK knock‐down using shRNA, MMP‐1 expression was increased. These results indicate that AMPK activation plays a key role in MMP‐1 suppression. Additionally, the cAMP‐dependent protein kinase (PKA) inhibitor, H‐89, antagonized GPD‐mediated MMP‐1 suppression via the inhibition of LKB1. Our results suggest that the suppressive activity of GPD on UV‐induced MMP‐1 expression is due to the activation of AMPK as a downstream of the PKA‐LKB1 pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1702–1711, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The “Connexin” Between Bone Cells and Skeletal Functions
Authors: Zappitelli Tanya , Aubin Jane E. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe processes of bone modeling and remodeling are crucial in the skeleton's functions as a supportive and protective structure, a mineral reservoir, and an endocrine organ. The coordination between bone cell activities (bone formation and bone resorption), necessary to maintain the integrity of the skeleton during these processes, is mediated at least in part by cell–cell and cell–environment interactions across gap junctions and hemichannels. The increasing number of genetically engineered Connexin 43 (Cx43) knockout and missense mouse models have provided insight into the complex and critical roles of Cx43‐containing gap junctions and hemichannels in the development and turnover of the skeleton, in differentiation, activity and survival of the bone cell lineages, and in the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which Cx43 functions and assists in mediating cellular responses to stimuli in bone. Cx43 may be an important potential therapeutic target, making it crucial that we continue to gain understanding of the multiple and complex roles of Cx43 in bone. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1646–1658, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of UVB and UVC Effects on the DNA Damage‐Response Protein 53BP1 in Human Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Uehara Fuminari , Miwa Shinji , Tome Yasunori , Hiroshima Yukihiko , Yano Shuya , Yamamoto Mako , Efimova Elena , Matsumoto Yasunori , Maehara Hiroki , Bouvet Michael , Kanaya Fuminori , Hoffman Robert M. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTWe have previously demonstrated that ultraviolet (UV) light is effective against a variety of cancer cells expressing fluorescent proteins in vivo as well as in vitro. In the present report, we compared the DNA damage repair (DDR) response of pancreatic cancer cells after UVB or UVC irradiation. The UV‐induced DNA damage repair was imaged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) fused to the DDR‐related chromatin‐binding protein 53BP1 in MiaPaCa‐2 human pancreatic cancer cells growing in 3D Gelfoam® histoculture and in superficial tumors grown in nude mice. 53BP1‐GFP forms foci during DNA damage repair. A clonogenic assay in 2D monolayer culture initially showed that UVC and UVB inhibited MiaPaCa‐2 cell proliferation in a dose‐dependent manner, with UVC having more efficacy. Three‐dimensional Gelfoam® histocultures and confocal imaging enabled 53BP1‐GFP foci to be observed within 1 h after UV irradiation, indicating the onset of DDR response. UVB‐induced 53BP1‐GFP focus formation was observed up to a depth of 120 µm in MiaPaCa‐2 cells on Gelfoam® compared to 80 µm for UVC. UVB‐induced 53BP1‐GFP focus formation was observed up to a depth of 80 µm in MiaPaCa‐2 cells, implanted within skin flaps in mice, at a significantly greater extent than UVC. MiaPaCa‐2 cells irradiated by UVB or UVC in the skin‐flap mouse model had a significant decrease in tumor growth compared to untreated controls with UVB having more efficacy than UVC. Our results demonstrate that UVB has greater tissue penetration than UVC because of its longer wavelength and has clinical potential for eradicating superficial cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1724–1728, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Metabolism of Arsenic Trioxide in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells
Authors: Khaleghian Ali , Ghaffari Seyed H. , Ahmadian Shahin , Alimoghaddam Kamran , Ghavamzadeh Ardeshir 
Published: May 2014

AbstractArsenic trioxide (As2O3) effectively induces complete clinical and molecular remissions in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients and triggers apoptosis in APL cells. The effect induced by As2O3 is also associated with extensive genomic‐wide epigenetic changes with large‐scale alterations in DNA methylation. We investigated the As2O3 metabolism in association with factors involved in the production of its methylated metabolites in APL‐derived cell line, NB4. We used high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique to detect As2O3 metabolites in NB4 cells. The effects of As2O3 on glutathione level, S‐Adenosylmethionine (SAM) and S‐adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) levels were investigated. Also, we studied the expression levels of arsenic methyltransferase (AS3MT) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3b) by real‐time PCR. Our results show that after As2O3 entry into the cell, it was converted into methylated metabolites, mono‐methylarsenic (MMA) and dimethylarsenic (DMA). The glutathione (GSH) production was increased in parallel with the methylated metabolites formations. As2O3 treatment inhibited DNMTs (DNMT1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3b) in dose‐ and time‐dependent manners. The SAH levels in As2O3‐treated cells were increased; however, the SAM level was not affected. The present study shows that APL cell is capable of metabolizing As2O3. The continuous formation of intracellular methylated metabolites, the inhibition of DNMTs expression levels and the increase of SAH level by As2O3 biotransformation would probably affect the DNMTs‐methylated DNA methylation in a manner related to the extent of DNA hypomethylation. Production of intracellular methylated metabolites and epigenetic changes of DNA methylation during As2O3 metabolism may contribute to the therapeutic effect of As2O3 in APL. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1729–1739, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Complete degradation of the persistent anti‐depressant sertraline in aqueous solution by solar photo‐Fenton oxidation
Authors: Pliego Gema , Xekoukoulotakis Nikos , Venieri Danae , Zazo Juan A. , Casas Jose A. , . Rodriguez Juan J , Mantzavinos Dionissios 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline is found to be one of the most persistent pharmaceutical drugs and it has been detected in effluents from wastewater treatment plants. This work evaluates the feasibility of homogeneous solar photo‐Fenton oxidation for treating aqueous solutions containing sertraline.RESULTSThe influence of iron and H2O2 dosages was studied in order to optimize the reagents consumption. The beneficial role of simulated solar irradiation was noticeable and sertraline was readily oxidized; TOC removal up to 90% was achieved at a hydrogen peroxide dose as low as 40% of the stoichiometric amount for mineralization. Dechlorination was the first step of the proposed reaction pathway giving rise to the formation of by‐products of much lower toxicity.CONCLUSIONSSolar simulated photo‐Fenton allowed reduction of the doses of iron and H2O2 needed, and therefore the main operating cost associated with this process, without compromising the quality of the effluent in terms of ecotoxicity. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
Polymer inclusion membranes composed of long alkyl chain alcohols for clean gold (III) recovery
Authors: Núñez Gaytán María Elena , Rodríguez de San Miguel Guerrero Eduardo , de Gyves Marciniak Josefina 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn addition to monetary and symbolic functions, gold has many practical uses in dentistry, electronics, textile and spacecraft industries, plating, and medicine. Consequently, gold recycling is an important activity. In this work, extraction and transport of gold (III) from concentrated HCl media by long chain alcohols were studied using model systems with octanol, decanol, and dodecanol in a two‐ (liquid and solid extraction) or three‐phase (polymer inclusion membrane, PIM) configurations.RESULTSNumerical data analysis revealed HAuCl4 extraction by a solvation mechanism. Regarding polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs), the efficiency factors (permeability, selectivity, and stability) of the systems were determined. Through the analysis of extraction results, permeability profiles as a function of the content of the components, thermal analyses and reported evidence of extractant aggregation, the gold (III) transport mechanism was characterized as flow‐type.CONCLUSIONGold (III) extraction and transport was satisfactorily accomplished with excellent separation from Pd(II), Pt(IV), Cu(II) and Fe(III) in the membrane system. Dodecanol‐based PIMs presented the highest stability and permeability (≈ 0.32 cm min‐1). The work extends previous analyses of metal transport mechanisms in PIMs toward systems in which the extremely high extractant/co‐extractant concentrations allow structuration of the media with consequent formation of conducting channels for solute migration. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
Investigation of process parameters for removal of bisphenol A (BPA) from water by polymeric adsorbents in adsorption‐ultrafiltration hybrid system
Authors: İpek İdil Yılmaz , Yüksel Suna , Kabay Nalan , Yüksel Mithat 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of process parameters of a hybrid process integrating adsorption and ultrafiltration in a single system was investigated for bisphenol A (BPA) removal from water. The styrene‐divinylbenzene‐based, macroporous Purolite MN 202 and Dowex Optipore L493 polymeric adsorbents were employed for adsorption of BPA from water while a ZW‐1 model submerged ultrafiltration module was applied in the hybrid system to separate the fine adsorbent particles from treated water.RESULTSAccording to the results obtained using Dowex Optipore L493, the optimum operating conditions to reach minimum BPA concentration in the treated water were found to be: adsorbent concentration 0.5 g‐adsorbent L−1‐solution, replacement rate of saturated and fresh adsorbents 9 mL min−1, permeate flow rate 3 mL min−1, and polymeric adsorbent particle size range 50–100 µm.CONCLUSIONThe adsorption–ultrafiltration hybrid system is considered as a promising treatment process for removal of BPA from water using highly crosslinked polymeric adsorbents Purolite MN 202 and Dowex Optipore L493. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
Synthesis of quaternary ammonium hydroxide from its halide salt by bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED): effect of molecular structure of ammonium compounds on the process performance
Authors: Shen Jiangnan , Yu Jie , Liu Lifen , Lin Jiuyang , Van der Bruggen Bart 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDConventional methods for synthesis of quaternary ammonium hydroxides, such as the reaction of quaternary ammonium chloride, ion‐exchange and electro‐electrodialysis cannot achieve benign production of QAOH without secondary pollution. The objective of the present study was to develop bipolar membrane electrodialysis with a novel stack configuration as an improved method to prepare high purity quaternary ammonium hydroxide from its halide salt.RESULTSTo investigate the synthesis of quaternary ammonium hydroxide (QAOH) with high purity by using electrodialysis with bipolar membranes (BMED), four different types of quaternary ammonium hydroxides (tetramethylammonium hydroxide, TMAOH; tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, TPAOH; methyltriethylammonium hydroxide, MTAOH; and benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, BTAOH) were chosen as the target products. The effect of the molecular structure of four different types of halide salts (NR4X) on the BMED performance was studied by investigating operating parameters such as current density, feed concentration and feed flow velocity and energy consumption on the basis of ion dimensions and molecular weight, ion electrophoretic mobility and the interaction between ammoniums and membranes. The results indicate that it is feasible to obtain quaternary ammonium hydroxides with high purity (Cl−/Br− content < 500 ppm) by BMED with a novel four‐compartment configuration in view of environmental aspects.CONCLUSIONFor converting higher molecule size halide salts, the process performance was lower, while the energy consumption increased, at similar experimental conditions, which is in line with the theory. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
A comparative study of removal of Cr(VI) by ion exchange resins bearing quaternary ammonium groups
Authors: Kusku Ozge , Rivas Bernabé L. , Urbano Bruno F. , Arda Müşerref , Kabay Nalan , Bryjak Marek 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDIon exchange resins based on poly[(4‐vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride] P(ClVBTA) and poly[(3‐acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride] P(ClAPTA) were synthesized by radical polymerization. Metal ion uptake experiments were run with these synthesized resins and compared with the commercially available anion exchange resin Amberlite IRA‐400.RESULTSRetention of Cr(VI) was found to be independent of pH and the co‐existence of Cl− and SO42− ions for two resins. The sorption data obtained were evaluated using well‐known kinetic and adsorption isotherm models. The kinetic data obtained for the two resins fitted well to the pseudo‐second‐order model and the Langmuir isotherm. Besides, it was observed that temperature influenced slightly the sorption properties of the ion exchange resins synthesized in this study and commercially available ion exchange resin Amberlite IRA‐400.CONCLUSIONSThe synthetic resins showed a better sorption performance than a commercially available ion exchange resin. The P(ClVBTA) and P(ClAPTA) resins exhibited greater and faster sorption than Amberlite IRA‐400. Sorption capacities of these ion exchangers were found to be in the order P(ClAPTA) > P(ClVBTA) > Amberlite IRA‐400. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
Synthesis and characterization of Magnetic Ionic Liquids (MILs) for CO2 separation
Authors: Santos Esther , Albo Jonathan , Rosatella Andreia , Afonso Carlos A.M. , Irabien Ángel 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe behaviour of a new generation of Ionic Liquids (ILs) containing transition metals, Magnetic Ionic Liquids (MILs), has recently been reported in the literature. Due to the early stage of development of MILs, it is necessary to evaluate their properties in order to develop new applications. In this work, four MILs based on the trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium cation and different magnetic anions ([P66614]2[CoCl4], [P66614][FeCl4], [P66614]2[MnCl4] and [P66614]3[GdCl6]) were synthesized and characterized by measuring magnetic susceptibility, density, viscosity, thermal properties and carbon dioxide solubility for CO2 separation.RESULTSThe magnetic susceptibility showed a paramagnetic behaviour in all the MILs tested, in good agreement with other MILs reported in the literature. The density and viscosity of MILs were obtained experimentally and correlated using Fitteia software. All MILs studied showed very good thermal stability, with decomposition temperatures higher than 619 K. CO2 solubility in the MILs was lower than in other ILs reported in the literature for CO2 capture under the same operational conditions.CONCLUSIONSThis work provides further information related to the synthesis and characterization of phosphonium‐based MILs and offers potential for the development of new applications. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
Valorisation of Ca and Mg by‐products from mining and seawater desalination brines for water treatment applications
Authors: Casas Sandra , Aladjem Carlos , Larrotcha Enric , Gibert Oriol , Valderrama César , Cortina José Luis 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDBrines from the drainage of potash mine tailings and from seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination were previously evaluated as sources of NaCl for the chlor‐alkali industry. Valorisation of NaCl as raw material is required to meet the membrane electrolysis specifications of NaCl saturation and control of interferences (Ca, Mg and sulphate). Brines concentration in NaCl was previously achieved for SWRO brines using electrodialysis (ED). In this work, valorisation of Ca and Mg by‐products via selective recovery was evaluated.RESULTSRecovery of Ca(II) and Mg(II) using chemical precipitation with Na2CO3 and NaOH was evaluated at 25°C and 65°C using one single reagent and mixtures of reagents. The excess of reactants needed to achieve the maximum removal efficiency ranged from 0.35 to 14 g L−1 Na2CO3 and 0.85 g L−1 NaOH. Selective concentration of SWRO brines by ED benefited the purification, as it slightly diluted the antiscalants. The increase of temperatures also benefited their removal process.CONCLUSIONSTotal chemical analysis of Ca and Mg by‐products showed the presence of mixed salts of Ca and Mg when Na2CO3 was used and more pure precipitates of Mg when NaOH was used. In both cases, small amounts of minor traces initially present in the brines were found. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
Purification techniques for the recovery of valuable compounds from acid mine drainage and cyanide tailings: application of green engineering principles
Authors: García Verónica , Häyrynen Piia , Landaburu‐Aguirre Junkal , Pirilä Minna , Keiski Riitta L. , Urtiaga Ane 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe metal mining of certain minerals is associated with the generation of acid mine drainage waters and effluents containing cyanides that can have long‐term negative impacts on waterways and biodiversity. Obtaining valuable components from those effluents would improve the resource efficiency and the environmental performance of mining.This paper reviews the main separation processes cited in literature for the purification of real acid mine drainage waters and cyanide tailings, and for the recovery of heavy metals and cyanides from those effluents. The processes used are adsorption and membrane technology to obtain valuable compounds from acid mine drainage waters and ion‐exchange, acidification–volatilization–reneutralization, sulphidization–acidification–recycling–thickening and membrane technology from cyanide tailings. Further, the use of the 12 green engineering principles for improving the environmental performance of the purification techniques is debated.This work indicates that the energy and chemical consumption and the formation of waste are the main environmental disadvantages of the purification and recovery techniques. This paper concludes that the limitations may be overcome by improving the efficiency of the processes and by using renewable energy and material. The benefits of conducting the purification and recovery techniques utilizing hybrid processes are also pointed out. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
Removal of zinc from a base‐metal solution using ion exchange at Rustenburg Base Metal Refiners
Authors: Taute Jacob J. , Sole Kathryn C. , Hardwick Edmund 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDChanges to the process flowsheet and increasing zinc content of the feed materials to the Anglo American Platinum Rustenburg Base Metals Refinery circuit resulted in increasing deportment of zinc to the nickel product and necessitated a dedicated zinc‐removal circuit to ensure continued consistent quality of the nickel cathode.RESULTSThe development of an ion‐exchange process for the removal of 0.03 g L−1 Zn from a stream containing 70 g L−1 Ni, 0.2 g L−1 Co is described. Batch testwork compared the di(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid‐impregnated resin, Lewatit VP OC 1026, with the aminophosphonic acid resin, Purolite S950, and identified the most suitable resin for this application with respect to loading capacity and selectivity. Continuous column testwork then allowed determination of the mass transfer zone length, on which the full‐scale plant design was based.CONCLUSIONA plant treating 15 m3 h–1 was installed for removal of zinc from the selected process stream using Lewatit VP OC 1026. The zinc content of the nickel cathode was reduced by 40% following commissioning of this ion‐exchange plant, allowing the target product specification to be consistently met. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
Diagnostic value of T1 and T2* relaxation times and off‐resonance saturation effects in the evaluation of achilles tendinopathy by MRI at 3T
Authors: Grosse Ulrich , Syha Roland , Hein Tobias , Gatidis Sergios , Grözinger Gerd , Schabel Christoph , Martirosian Petros , Schick Fritz , Springer Fabian 
Published: May 2014

PurposeTo evaluate and compare the diagnostic value of T1, T2* relaxation times and off‐resonance saturation ratios (OSR) in healthy controls and patients with different clinical and morphological stages of Achilles tendinopathy.Material and MethodsForty‐two healthy Achilles tendons and 34 tendons of 17 patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic tendinopathy were investigated clinically with conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences on a 3T whole‐body MR scanner and a dynamic ultrasound examination. In addition, T1 and T2* relaxation times were assessed using an ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging sequence with flip angle and echo time variation. For the calculation of OSR values a Gaussian off‐resonance saturation pulse (frequency offset: 750–5000 Hz) was used. The diagnostic value of the derived MR values was assessed and compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsROC curves demonstrate the highest overall test performance for OSR values at 2000 Hz off‐resonance in differentiating slightly (OSR‐2000 [AUC: 0.930] > T2* [AUC: 0.884] > T1 [AUC: 0.737]) and more severe pathologically altered tendon areas (OSR‐2000 [AUC: 0.964] > T2* [AUC: 0.917] > T1 [AUC: 0.819]) from healthy ones.ConclusionOSR values at a frequency offset of 2000 Hz demonstrated a better sensitivity and specificity for detecting mild and severe stages of tendinopathy compared to T2* and particularly when compared to T1 relaxation times. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:964–973. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.