bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel epiphytic root-fungus symbiosis in the Indo-Pacific seagrass Thalassodendron ciliatum from the Red Sea
Authors: Vohník Martin , Josefiová Jiřina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSymbioses with fungi are important and ubiquitous on dry land but underexplored in the sea. As yet only one seagrass has been shown to form a specific root-fungus symbiosis that resembles those occurring in terrestrial plants, namely the dominant long-lived Mediterranean species Posidonia oceanica (Alismatales: Posidoniaceae) forming a dark septate (DS) endophytic association with the ascomycete Posidoniomyces atricolor (Pleosporales: Aigialaceae). Using stereomicroscopy, light and scanning electron microscopy, and DNA cloning, here we describe a novel root-fungus symbiosis in the Indo-Pacific seagrass Thalassodendron ciliatum (Alismatales: Cymodoceaceae) from a site in the Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea. Similarly to P. oceanica, the mycobiont of T. ciliatum occurs more frequently in thinner roots that engage in nutrient uptake from the seabed and forms extensive hyphal mantles composed of DS hyphae on the root surface. Contrary to P. oceanica, the mycobiont occurs on the roots with root hairs and does not colonize its host intraradically. While the cloning revealed a relatively rich spectrum of fungi, they were mostly parasites or saprobes of uncertain origin and the identity of the mycobiont thus remains unknown. Symbioses of seagrasses with fungi are probably more frequent than previously thought, but their functioning and significance are unknown. Melanin present in DS hyphae slows down their decomposition and so is true for the colonized roots. DS fungi may in this way conserve organic detritus in the seagrasses’ rhizosphere, thus contributing to blue carbon sequestration in seagrass meadows.
Was gibt es Neues bei Carotisendarteriektomie und Carotisstenting?
Authors: Storck Martin , Grundmann Reinhart T. 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Artikel referiert aktuelle Studienergebnisse zur Carotisrevaskularisation und gibt hierzu evidenzbasierte Therapieempfehlungen. Wesentliche Aussagen sind unter anderem: Das Follow-up nach Carotisintervention ist für das Langzeitergebnis von hoher Bedeutung. Das chronologische Alter sollte nicht als eine Kontraindikation zur Carotisendarteriektomie (CEA) gelten. Das perioperative Outcome ist bei Patienten ohne beste medikamentöse Behandlung (BMT, Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung und Statine) signifikant schlechter als bei Patienten mit BMT. Die Daten empfehlen bei CEA die Patchplastik mit bovinem Perikard oder die Eversionsendarteriektomie (EEA). Bei vorausgegangenem Herzinfarkt sind CEA und TCAR (transcarotidale arterielle Revaskularisation) die zu bevorzugenden Therapieoptionen. Die Ergebnisse nach TCAR und CEA sind in den Registererhebungen weitestgehend vergleichbar. Bei Patienten mit „hostile neck“ ist TCAR dem transfemoralen Carotisstenting (TFCAS) signifikant überlegen. Bei TFCAS sind routinemäßig distale Embolie-Protektionsfilter zu verwenden. Patienten mit CAS sollten eine duale Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung für ≥ 3 Tage vor dem Eingriff erhalten.
Materielle Ausstattung des Heidelberger Medical Intervention Car
Authors: Kaltschmidt Nikolai , Katzenschlager Stephan , Kaltschmidt Lisa , Leo Albrecht , Weilbacher Frank , Popp Erik 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungIn Deutschland bestehen keine Vorgaben zur materiellen Ausstattung von speziellen notarztbesetzten Rettungsmitteln. Systeme wie der Baby-Notarztwagen, Extracorporale-Membranoxygenierung(ECMO)-Mobile, das Berliner Stroke-Einsatz-Mobil oder Medical Intervention Cars (MIC) arbeiten mit einer Materialauswahl, die von den Betreibern selbst festgelegt wurde. Diese Publikation beschreibt das mitgeführte Equipment des Heidelberger MIC und die zugrunde liegende Rationale zur Auswahl. Das MIC auf Basis eines Volvo V90 (Volvo Car Corporation, Göteborg, Schweden) kann aus Zuladungs- und Platzgründen nicht den kompletten Inhalt eines Notarzteinsatzfahrzeugs und das zusätzliche Spezialequipment mitführen. Es stellt somit ein additives System dar, dessen Ausstattung sich an den speziellen Einsatzzwecken ausrichtet: Kindernotfälle, Exsanguination und Kreislaufstillstand aufgrund besonderer Umstände oder Ursachen. Für diese Bereiche werden Medizinprodukte vorgehalten, die bis dato in der Präklinik keinen bzw. keinen flächendeckenden Einzug gefunden haben: Videolaryngoskop mit hyperanguliertem Spatel für Kinder, 13 Fr-Schockkatheter, Erythrozytenkonzentrate (EK), Fibrinogen, Prothrombinkomplexkonzentrat (PPSB), Material zur Durchführung einer Clamshell-Thorakotomie und einer „resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta“ (REBOA), ein Blutgasanalysegerät, ein Echokardiographiegerät (transthorakal und transösophageal), eine ECMO sowie ein Near-infrared-spectroscopy(NIRS)-Monitor. Diese Ausstattung unterliegt einer ständigen Reevaluation und Gegenüberstellung mit internationalen Studien zu präklinischen Maßnahmen.
How to improve argumentative syntheses written by undergraduates using guides and instructional rubrics
Authors: Cuevas Isabel , Mateos Mar , Casado-Ledesma Lidia , Olmos Ricardo , Granado-Peinado Miriam , Luna María , Núñez Juan Antonio , Martín Elena 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUndergraduates often struggle writing argumentative syntheses from conflicting sources. Written guides can help in the different phases of the process involved in these tasks and are more effective when accompanied by explicit instruction. Nevertheless, there are few studies on instructional rubrics as an aid to argumentative writing and none are focused on synthesis tasks. Our objectives were to compare (1) the effectiveness of a guide and a rubric as aids to the processes of selection and integration in writing an argumentative synthesis; (2) whether explicit instruction in synthesis writing strategies enhances the effects of both aids and (3) the effectiveness of the aids offered during the practice sessions performed with the support of aids and after removing those aids. The study was conducted with 120 undergraduate psychology students. An experimental inter/intra-subject factorial design 2 (Instruction) x 2 (Type of aid) x 4 (Time) was employed. We used mixed linear models to assess the intervention effects. The guide facilitated the selection of arguments. Both guide and rubric promoted integration. When students also received explicit instruction, the learning rate of integration strategies was accelerated, and the impact of guide and rubric was greater.
Introduction to Trauma-Informed Counselor Education and Supervision (TICES) Framework
Authors: Kim Isak , Moh Yoon Suh , Adams Charmayne R. , Kim Jaeyoung 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMany counselors in training may be susceptible to traumatization and/or retraumatization during their training process due to the elevated prevalence of their past trauma experience and the nature of their professional work involving exposure to trauma narratives in coursework and during fieldwork. Recognizing the growing need for a trauma-informed approach in training future helping professionals, including counselors-in-training, we present an overview of a framework called the Trauma-Informed Counselor Education and Supervision (TI-CES). This framework draws on assumptions and principles from trauma-informed care (TIC). Also, we address the applications of four key assumptions (i.e., Realize, Recognize, Respond, and Resist retraumatization) and six principles (i.e., Safety; Trustworthiness and transparency; Peer support; Collaboration and mutuality; Empowerment, voice, and choice; and Cultural, historical, and gender issues) of the TIC. These assumptions and principles are specifically tailored to address the unique challenges and needs of counselor education and supervision. In addition, we offer stepwise key recommendations to prevent (re) traumatization and mitigate the impacts of trauma exposure at three critical levels: throughout the program admission, during the program, and after exposure to traumatic components of training. By following the recommendations, counselor educators and supervisors can create a supportive and safe environment that fosters the well-being of counselors-in-training while equipping them to respond effectively to potentially traumatizing components in their training.
‘Migration Under the Glow of Privilege’—Unpacking Privilege and Its Effect on the Migration Experience
Authors: Gupta Kamini , Bapuji Hari 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEconomic migration is a significant and growing development around the world but has produced unequal outcomes and experiences for marginalized groups. To theoretically explain such inequalities, we argue that integration experiences of immigrants in the host country differ based on the privilege that their demographic category bestows on them (or not). We elucidate our arguments by unpacking the concept of ‘privilege’ to theorize two key sources of privilege—locational and historical—and explain them using the global economic divide (Global North vs. Global South) and local social divides (race and caste). We propose that locational and historical privilege manifest as various types of capital that immigrants carry into their host countries. We juxtapose these two sources of privilege and its levels (low vs. high) to develop a typology of immigrants—Marginalized, Peripheral, Assimilated, and Wanted—that captures differences in migrants’ integration experiences. By shining a light on the systematic differences between immigrants based on privilege, our research brings additional nuance to the scholarship on immigrant workers and inclusive organizations; and broadens avenues to make human resource practices more ethical by taking these differences into account.
Advances in Forecasting Home Prices
Authors: Guirguis Hany , Mueller Glenn , Dutra Vaneesha , Jafek Robert 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNumerous researchers have used various techniques to predict housing prices, but the results have been mixed. This article forecasts housing prices based on their stationary (level) and nonstationary (growth rate) presentations. Our study uses five classes of univariate time series techniques: autoregressive moving average (ARMA) modeling, generalized autoregression (GAR) modeling, generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) modeling, time-varying Kalman filtering with random autoregressive (KAR) presentation, and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations. We assigned optimal weights to each technique to minimize the mean square error (MSE) of our forecasts. Our dynamic forecasting method shows superior out-of-sample performance based on the nonstationary presentation one to three quarters ahead, while reducing the average MSE by 37%. For four-quarter horizons, the average MSE of our dynamic forecasts decreased by 11% when we used a stationary presentation of housing prices and included lagged values for four economic leading indicators: the shadow federal funds rate, 1-year expected inflation, the 10-year Treasury Minus 3-Month Treasury Constant Maturity term spread (TERM), and the Brave-Butters-Kelley Leading Index.
Characteristics, sources and potential ecological risk of atmospheric microplastics in Lhasa city
Authors: Guo Zimeng , Chen Junyu , Yu Hanyue , Zhang Qiangying , Duo Bu , Cui Xiaomei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAtmospheric microplastics are important contributors to environmental contamination in aquatic and terrestrial systems and pose potential ecological risks. However, studies on atmospheric microplastics are still limited in urban regions of the Tibetan Plateau, a sentinel region for climate and environmental change under a warming climate. In this study, the occurrence and potential ecological risk of atmospheric microplastics were investigated in samples of suspended atmospheric microplastics collected in Lhasa city during the Tibetan New Year in February 2023. The results show that the average abundance of atmospheric microplastics in Lhasa was 7.15 ± 2.46 MPs m−3. The sizes of the detected microplastics ranged from 20.34 to 297.18 μm, approximately 87% of which were smaller than 100 μm. Fragmented microplastics (95.76%) were the dominant shape, followed by fibres (3.75%) and pellets (0.49%). The primary polymer chemical components identified were polyamide (68.73%) and polystyrene (16.61%). The analysis of meteorological data and the backwards trajectory model indicated the air mass in Lhasa mainly controlled by westwards, and the atmospheric microplastics mainly originated from long-distance atmospheric transport. The potential ecological risk index assessment revealed that the atmospheric microplastic pollution in Lhasa was relatively low. This study provides valuable insights and a scientific foundation for future research on the prevention and control of atmospheric microplastic pollution in Lhasa and other ecologically sensitive cities.
Enhancing Air Conditioning System Performance via Dual Phase Change Materials Integration: Seasonal Efficiency and Capsulation Structure Impact
Authors: Ismail M. , Hassan Hamdy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEnhancement of the cooling and heating capabilities of an air conditioning unit (ACU) coupled with a thermal energy storage system of dual phase change materials (PCM) is investigated. The dual PCM, namely SP24E and SP11_gel, are coupled with the ACU outdoor device (condenser/evaporator) during the summer/winter seasons, respectively. Moreover, ACU performance assisted with dual-PCM heat exchanger is compared with a single heat exchanger of SP24E in summer and single heat exchanger of SP11_gel in winter at different PCM capsulation structures (aligned and staggered cylinders). The system dynamic mathematical model is computationally solved using ANSYS software and experimentally validated. Results affirm that charging/discharging periods are minimal for the dual-PCM system and slower for PCM inline cylinder layouts than staggered ones. Inline design yields greater ACU average power savings. In summer, higher inlet air temperature to the PCM system reduces PCM discharging time and ACU power savings, with the opposite effect during winter. ACU COP with PCMs is improved by around 80 % in summer and 40 % in winter, respectively, compared to ACU without PCMs. The maximum average power saving over 4 h of ACU working in summer by single and dual-PCM systems is 21.4 % and 11.8 %, respectively, whereas the results in winter are 18.5 % and 12.8 %, respectively.
Synthesized Nanostructures of Oxostannate Cs2Sn2O3 with a Prospective Study of Structural, Electrical, Optical, and Luminescence Properties: Effect of Annealing Temperature
Authors: El Desouky Fawzy G. , Abou-Helal M. O. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe study provides a unique approach for controlling the structural, electrical, optical, and photoluminescence characteristics of oxostannate Cs2Sn2O3 (C2T2O3) nanostructures through the process of co-precipitation. XRD, XPS, Raman, HRTEM, and FESEM techniques were employed to investigate and describe the impact of varying annealing temperatures on a specific system. The diffraction patterns indicate the existence of an orthorhombic oxostannate C2T2O3 phase, wherein as the temperature rises, the size of the crystallites grows. Additionally, it is important to acknowledge that the spectra of Cs 3d, Sn 3d, and O 1s demonstrate the formation of materials without alteration in the position of their primary peaks when exposed to variations in temperature. Under the influence of annealing temperature, the real components of permittivity and electrical conductivity demonstrate superior characteristics in terms of frequency dependence. The optical band gap for the as-prepared C2T2O3 decreased with annealing at temperatures of 600 °C and 900 °C to 3.8 eV and 3.7 eV, respectively. The photoluminescence (PL) emission bands’ positions and intensities demonstrate a significant level of sensitivity towards the existence of interstitial Cs-Sn defects. The electrical performance and luminescence emissions of nanostructured C2T2O3 systems are promising, offering a wide range of sensitivity for energy storage, optoelectronics, and luminescence applications.
Synthesis of locust bean gum/titanium dioxide hydrogel nanocomposites for efficient removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution
Authors: Motshabi Boitumelo Rejoice , Makhado Edwin , Malatji Nompumelelo , Modibane Kwena Desmond , Hato Mpitloane Joseph , Botlhoko Orebotse Joseph , Elella Mahmoud H. Abu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, we are interested in preparing novel hydrogel and hydrogel nanocomposite-based adsorbents for removing methylene blue (MB) dye based on grafted locust bean gum (LBG). LBG hydrogel and hydrogel nanocomposite were synthesized using a radical polymerization technique in the absence and presence of TiO2 with LBG-cl-(acrylic acid (AA)-co-acrylamide (AAm)). Various analytical instruments Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to elucidate the chemical structure and surface morphology of the prepared samples. Using a batch adsorption experiment, the Langmuir isotherm model showed that LBG-cl-p(AA-co-AAm) hydrogel had a maximum adsorption capacity of 1540.9 mg/g and LBG-cl-(AA-co-AAm)/TiO2 hydrogel nanocomposites had a maximum adsorption capacity of 1273.4 mg/g at neutral pH. The thermodynamic data demonstrated that MB dye was removed via spontaneous adsorption. Furthermore, the regeneration study showed good recyclability for the obtained hydrogel nanocomposites through six consecutive reusable cycles. Therefore, the hydrogel nanocomposites are an effective adsorbent for the removal of MB dye from aqueous solutions.
Effects of different combinations of mechanical loading intensity, duration, and frequency on the articular cartilage in mice
Authors: Wakimoto Yoshio , Miura Yasushi , Inoue Shota , Nomura Masato , Moriyama Hideki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Understanding how healthy articular cartilage responds to mechanical loading is critical. Moderate mechanical loading has positive effects on the cartilage, such as maintaining cartilage homeostasis. The degree of mechanical loading is determined by a combination of intensity, frequency, and duration; however, the best combination of these parameters for knee cartilage remains unclear. This study aimed to determine which combination of intensity, frequency, and duration provides the best mechanical loading on healthy knee articular cartilage in vitro and in vivo.

Methods and results
In this study, 33 male mice were used. Chondrocytes isolated from mouse knee joints were subjected to different cyclic tensile strains (CTSs) and assessed by measuring the expression of cartilage matrix-related genes. Furthermore, the histological characteristics of mouse tibial cartilages were quantified using different treadmill exercises. Chondrocytes and mice were divided into the control group and eight intervention groups: high-intensity, high-frequency, and long-duration; high-intensity, high-frequency, and short-duration; high-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration; high-intensity, low-frequency, and short-duration; low-intensity, high-frequency, and long-duration; low-intensity, high-frequency, and short-duration; low-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration; low-intensity, low-frequency, and short-duration. In low-intensity CTSs, chondrocytes showed anabolic responses by altering the mRNA expression of COL2A1 in short durations and SOX9 in long durations. Furthermore, low-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration treadmill exercises minimized chondrocyte hypertrophy and enhanced aggrecan synthesis in tibial cartilages.

Conclusion
Low-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration mechanical loading is the best combination for healthy knee cartilage to maintain homeostasis and activate anabolic responses. Our findings provide a significant scientific basis for exercise and lifestyle instructions.
Microstructure of Cr2O3 Scales Grown in Ar-5H2O-(5H2) at 850 °C
Authors: Nguyen Thuan Dinh , Zhang Jianqiang , Young David J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractModel alloy, Fe-20Cr (wt%), was oxidized in two gas mixtures Ar-5H2O-(5H2) (vol%) at 850 °C. The alloy formed Cr2O3 scales in both gases. The Cr2O3 scale developed faster in Ar-5H2O-5H2 and contained fine pores, whilst that grown in Ar-5H2O was dense. Experiments with inert SiO2 marker revealed that the Cr2O3 scale growth in Ar-5H2O-(5H2) was controlled mainly by outward Cr diffusion. When adjusted for grain boundary diffusion effects, Wagner’s theory was successful in describing the hydrogen effect, provided that the Cr2O3 scales are n-type.
Investor clientele and intraday patterns in the cross section of stock returns
Authors: Chen Jian , Haboub Ahmad , Khan Ali , Mahmud Syed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the existence of a well documented (Heston et al. in J Finance 65:1369–1407) (hereafter HKS 2010) intraday momentum pattern in the cross section of stock returns for three previously un-examined markets outside the US—UK, China and Brazil. While the stocks in UK and Brazil exhibit the pattern, the evidence from China is lacklustre. We utlitlize the presence of dual listed A-shares (dominated by domestic retail investors) and their B- and H-share counterparts (dominated by foreign institutional investors) of the same firms which provide a natural experiment setting to analyse the impact of investor clientele on the proliferation of HKS (2010) pattern. Our findings indicate that pattern is much weaker in A-shares (owned mostly by domestic retail investors) as compared to their B- and H-share counterparts. As a further robustness test we examine the impact of an exogenous shock that leads to an increase in institutional ownership namely the partial index inclusion of A-shares in the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) Emerging Markets Index. Our findings indicate an increasing level of the manifestation of the intraday pattern upon inclusion of A-shares to the MSCI.
Influence of Local Aperture Heterogeneity on Invading Fluid Connectivity During Rough Fracture Drainage
Authors: Phillips Tomos , Bultreys Tom , Van Stappen Jeroen , Singh Kamaljit , Achuo Dze Sahyuo , Van Offenwert Stefanie , Callow Ben , Borji Mostafa , Boersheim Erik Clemens , Novak Vladimir , Schlepütz Christian M. , Cnudde Veerle , Doster Florian , Busch Andreas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDetermining the (in)efficiency of wetting phase displacement by an invading non-wetting phase (drainage) in a single fracture is key to modelling upscaled properties such as relative permeability and capillary pressure. These constitutive relationships are fundamental to quantifying the contribution, or lack thereof, of conductive fracture systems to long-term leakage rates. Single-fracture-scale modelling and experimental studies have investigated this process, however, a lack of visualization of drainage in a truly representative sample at sufficient spatial and temporal resolution limits their predictive insights. Here, we used fast synchrotron X-ray tomography to image drainage in a natural geological fracture by capturing consecutive 2.75 μm voxel images with a 1 s scan time. Drainage was conducted under capillary-dominated conditions, where percolation-type patterns are expected. We observe this continuously connected invasion (capillary fingering) only to be valid in local regions with relative roughness, λb ≤ 0.56. Fractal dimension analysis of these invasion patterns strongly aligns with capillary fingering patterns previously reported in low λb fractures and porous media. Connected invasion is prevented from being the dominant invasion mechanism globally due to high aperture heterogeneity, where we observe disconnected invasion (snap-off, fragmented clusters) to be pervasive in local regions where λb ≥ 0.67. Our results indicate that relative roughness has significant control on flow as it influences fluid conductivity and thus provides an important metric to predict invasion dynamics during slow drainage.