bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respiration‐based sorting of dynamic MRI to derive representative 4D‐MRI for radiotherapy planning
Authors: Tryggestad Erik , Flammang Aaron , Han‐Oh Sarah , Hales Russell , Herman Joseph , McNutt Todd , Roland Teboh , Shea Steven M. , Wong John 
Published: April 2013

Purpose:Current pretreatment, 4D imaging techniques are suboptimal in that they sample breathing motion over a very limited “snap‐shot” in time. To potentially address this, the authors have developed a longer‐duration MRI and postprocessing technique to derive the average or most‐probable state of mobile anatomy and meanwhile capture and convey the observed motion variability.Methods:Sagittal and coronal multislice, 2D dynamic MRI was acquired in a sequential fashion over extended durations in two abdominal and four lung studies involving healthy volunteers. Two sequences, readily available on a commercial system, were employed. Respiratory interval‐correlated, or 4D‐MRI, volumes were retrospectively derived using a two‐pass approach. In a first pass, a respiratory trace acquired simultaneous with imaging was processed and slice stacking was used to derive a set of MRI volumes, each representing an equal time or proportion of respiration. Herein, all raw 2D frames mapping to the given respiratory interval, per slice location, were averaged. In a second‐pass, this prior reconstruction provided a set of template images and a similarity metric was employed to discern the subset of best‐matching raw 2D frames for secondary averaging (per slice location and respiratory interval). Breathing variability (per respiratory interval and slice location) was depicted by computing both a maximum intensity projection as well as a pixelwise standard deviation image.Results:These methods were successfully demonstrated in both the lung and abdomen for both applicable sequences, performing reconstructions with ten respiratory intervals. The first‐pass (average) resulted in motion‐induced blurring, especially for irregular breathing. The authors have demonstrated qualitatively that the second‐pass result can mitigate this blurring.Conclusions:They have presented a novel methodology employing dMRI to derive representative 4D‐MRI. This set of techniques are practical in that (1) they employ MRI sequences that are standard across commercial vendors; (2) the 2D imaging planes can be oriented onto an arbitrary axis (e.g., sagittal, coronal, axial…); (3) the image processing techniques are relatively simple. Systematically applying this and similar dMRI‐based techniques in patients is a crucial next step to demonstrate efficacy beyond CT‐only based practice.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Recombinant Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain from Eastern China
Authors: Li Bin , Liu Haofei , He Kongwang , Guo Rongli , Ni Yanxiu , Du Luping , Wen Libin , Zhang Xuehan , Yu Zhengyu , Zhou Junming , Mao Aihua , Lv Lixin , Hu Yiyi , Yu Yang , Zhu Haodan , Wang Xiaomin 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT
A field porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strain, JS2008, was isolated from stool samples of a piglet with acute diarrhea on a vaccinated farm in eastern China. We sequenced and analyzed the complete genome of strain JS2008, which will help increase our understanding of the molecular characteristics of the epidemic PEDV in China.
Genome Sequence of a Freshwater Low-Nucleic-Acid-Content Bacterium, Betaproteobacterium Strain CB
Authors: Hao Zhenyu , Li Lei , Liu Jie , Ren Yan , Wang Lei , Bartlam Mark , Egli Thomas , Wang Yingying 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT
Betaproteobacterium strain CB is a typical minute freshwater bacterium, representing the small-cell bacteria that are numerically dominant in most freshwater environments. The genome of betaproteobacterium CB consists of a circular 2,045,720-bp chromosome, and the information we report will provide insights into the mechanisms underlying its survival and ecological function.
Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma columbinum Strain SF7
Authors: Guo Zisheng , Xu Xiaolong , Zheng Qian , Li Tingting , Kuang Shichang , Zhang Zongde , Chen Yushan , Lu Xidong , Zhou Rui , Bi Dingren , Jin Hui 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasma columbinum
is a member of nonglycolytic
Mycoplasma
species which can hydrolyze arginine. Increasingly research has revealed that
M. columbinum
is associated with respiratory disease of pigeons and that the respiratory disease symptoms could be eliminated via the use of mycoplasma treatment medicine. Here we report the genome sequence of
M. columbinum
strain SF7, which is the first genome report for
M. columbinum.
Changes in Skin Surface Temperature at An Acupuncture Point with Moxibustion
Authors: Lin Li-Mei , Wang Shu-Fang , Lee Ru-Ping , Hsu Bang-Gee , Tsai Nu-Man , Peng Tai-Chu 
Published: April 2013

Objective This study evaluates the thermographic changes associated with moxa burner moxibustion at the SP6 acupuncture point to establish an appropriate, safe distance of efficacy for moxibustion. Methods Baseline temperature changes using a moxa burner were obtained for a paper substrate at various distances and times, and the tested with volunteers in a pilot study. A single-group trial was then conducted with 36 healthy women to monitor temperature changes on the body surface at the acupuncture point (SP6). Results Based on the temperature changes seen for the paper substrate and in the pilot study, a distance of 3 cm was chosen as the intervention distance. Moxibustion significantly increased the SP6 point skin surface temperature, with a peak increase of 11°C at 4 min (p <0.001). This study also found that during moxibustion the temperature of the moxa burner's rubber layer and moxa cautery were 56.9±0.9°C and 65.8±1.2°C, as compared to baseline values of 35.1°C and 43.8°C (p<0.001). Conclusions We determined 3 cm was a safe distance between the moxa burner and acupuncture point. Moxibustion can increase the skin surface temperature at the SP6 point. This data will aid traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners in gauging safer treatment distances when using moxibustion treatments.
Schizophrenia is associated with excess multiple physical-health comorbidities but low levels of recorded cardiovascular disease in primary care: cross-sectional study
Authors: Smith Daniel J , Langan Julie , McLean Gary , Guthrie Bruce , Mercer Stewart W 
Published: April 2013

ObjectiveTo assess the nature and extent of physical-health comorbidities in people with schizophrenia and related psychoses compared with controls.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting314 primary care practices in Scotland.Participants9677 people with a primary care record of schizophrenia or a related psychosis and 1 414 701 controls. Main outcome measures Primary care records of 32 common chronic physical-health conditions and combinations of one, two and three or more physical-health comorbidities adjusted for age, gender and deprivation status.ResultsCompared with controls, people with schizophrenia were significantly more likely to have one physical-health comorbidity (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.27), two physical-health comorbidities (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.44) and three or more physical-health comorbidities (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.27). Rates were highest for viral hepatitis (OR 3.98, 95% CI 2.81 to 5.64), constipation (OR 3.24, 95% CI 3.00 to 4.49) and Parkinson's disease (OR 3.07, 95% CI 2.42 to 3.88) but people with schizophrenia had lower recorded rates of cardiovascular disease, including atrial fibrillation (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.73), hypertension (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.76), coronary heart disease (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.71) and peripheral vascular disease (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.97).ConclusionsPeople with schizophrenia have a wide range of comorbid and multiple physical-health conditions but are less likely than people without schizophrenia to have a primary care record of cardiovascular disease. This suggests a systematic under-recognition and undertreatment of cardiovascular disease in people with schizophrenia, which might contribute to substantial premature mortality observed within this patient group.
Acute kidney injury is independently associated with death in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Scott Robert A , Austin Andrew S , Kolhe Nitin V , McIntyre Chris W , Selby Nicholas M 
Published: April 2013

Background and aimsCurrent creatine-based criteria for defining acute kidney injury (AKI) are validated in general hospitalised patients but their application to cirrhotics (who are younger and have reduced muscle mass) is less certain. We aimed to evaluate current definitions of AKI (acute kidney injury network (AKIN) criteria) in a population of cirrhotic patients and correlate this with outcomes.MethodsWe prospectively identified patients with AKI and clinical, radiological or histological evidence of cirrhosis. We compared them with a control group with evidence of cirrhosis and no AKI.Results162 cirrhotic patients were studied with a mean age of 56.8±14 years. They were predominantly male (65.4%) with alcoholic liver disease (78.4%). 110 patients had AKI: 44 stage 1, 32 stage 2 and 34 stage 3. They were well matched in age, sex and liver disease severity with 52 cirrhotics without AKI. AKI was associated with increased mortality (31.8% vs 3.8%, p<0.001). Mortality increased with each AKI stage; 3.8% in cirrhotics without AKI, 13.5% stage 1, 37.8% stage 2 and 43.2% stage 3 (p<0.001 for trend). Worsening liver disease (Child–Pugh class) correlated with increased mortality: 3.1% class A, 23.6% class B and 32.8% class C (p=0.006 for trend). AKI was associated with increased length of stay: median 6.0 days (IQR 4.0–8.75) versus 16.0 days (IQR 6.0–27.5), p<0.001. Multivariate analysis identified AKI and Child–Pugh classes B and C as independent factors associated with mortality.ConclusionsThe utility of AKIN criteria is maintained in cirrhotic patients. Decompensated liver disease and AKI appear to be independent variables predicting death in cirrhotics.
Identification of Two Distinct Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblast Subtypes with Differential Tumor-Promoting Abilities in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Costea Daniela Elena , Hills Allison , Osman Amani H. , Thurlow Johanna , Kalna Gabriela , Huang Xiaohong , Pena Murillo Claudia , Parajuli Himalaya , Suliman Salwa , Kulasekara Keerthi K. , Johannessen Anne Chr. , Partridge Max 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Heterogeneity of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAF) has long been recognized, but the functional significance remains poorly understood. Here, we report the distinction of two CAF subtypes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that have differential tumor-promoting capability, one with a transcriptome and secretome closer to normal fibroblasts (CAF-N) and the other with a more divergent expression pattern (CAF-D). Both subtypes supported higher tumor incidence in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) Ilγ2(null) mice and deeper invasion of malignant keratinocytes than normal or dysplasia-associated fibroblasts, but CAF-N was more efficient than CAF-D in enhancing tumor incidence. CAF-N included more intrinsically motile fibroblasts maintained by high autocrine production of hyaluronan. Inhibiting CAF-N migration by blocking hyaluronan synthesis or chain elongation impaired invasion of adjacent OSCC cells, pinpointing fibroblast motility as an essential mechanism in this process. In contrast, CAF-D harbored fewer motile fibroblasts but synthesized higher TGF-β1 levels. TGF-β1 did not stimulate CAF-D migration but enhanced invasion and expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in malignant keratinocytes. Inhibiting TGF-β1 in three-dimensional cultures containing CAF-D impaired keratinocyte invasion, suggesting TGF-β1–induced EMT mediates CAF-D–induced carcinoma cell invasion. TGF-β1–pretreated normal fibroblasts also induced invasive properties in transformed oral keratinocytes, indicating that TGF-β1–synthesizing fibroblasts, as well as hyaluronan-synthesizing fibroblasts, are critical for carcinoma invasion. Taken together, these results discern two subtypes of CAF that promote OSCC cell invasion via different mechanisms. Cancer Res; 73(13); 3888–901. ©2013 AACR.
Transcriptional Characterization of a Prospective Series of Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia Revealed Signatures Associated with Tumor Progression and Poorer Outcome
Authors: Todoerti Katia , Agnelli Luca , Fabris Sonia , Lionetti Marta , Tuana Giacomo , Mosca Laura , Lombardi Luigia , Grieco Vitina , Bianchino Gabriella , D'Auria Fiorella , Statuto Teodora , Mazzoccoli Carmela , De Luca Luciana , Petrucci Maria Teresa , Morabito Fortunato , Offidani Massimo , Di Raimondo Francesco , Falcone Antonietta , Omede' Paola , Tassone Pierfrancesco , Boccadoro Mario , Palumbo Antonio , Neri Antonino , Musto Pellegrino 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPurpose: Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare form of plasma cell dyscrasia that presents either as a progression of previously diagnosed multiple myeloma, namely secondary PCL, or as initial manifestation of disease, namely primary PCL (pPCL). Although the presenting signs and symptoms include those seen in multiple myeloma, pPCL is characterized by several aspects that define a more aggressive course. Here, we have investigated the transcriptome of pPCLs and correlated differential expression profiles with outcome to provide insights into the biology of the disease.Experimental Design: The expression profiles of 21 newly diagnosed pPCLs included in a multicenter prospective clinical trial were generated using high-density microarray, then evaluated in comparison with a representative series of patients with multiple myeloma and in association with clinical outcome.Results: All but one of the pPCLs had one of the main immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus translocations, whose associated transcriptional signatures resembled those observed in multiple myeloma. A 503-gene signature distinguished pPCL from multiple myeloma, from which emerged 26 genes whose expression trend was associated with progressive stages of plasma cells dyscrasia in a large dataset from multiple institutions, including samples from normal donors throughout PCL. Finally, 3 genes were identified as having expression levels that correlated with response to the first-line treatment with lenalidomide/dexamethasone, whereas a 27-gene signature was associated with overall survival independently of molecular alterations, hematologic parameters, and renal function.Conclusions: Overall, our data contribute to a fine dissection of pPCL and may provide novel insights into the molecular definition of patients with poorer prognosis. Clin Cancer Res; 19(12); 3247–58. ©2013 AACR.
DCDT2980S, an Anti-CD22-Monomethyl Auristatin E Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Is a Potential Treatment for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Li Dongwei , Poon Kirsten Achilles , Yu Shang-Fan , Dere Randall , Go MaryAnn , Lau Jeffrey , Zheng Bing , Elkins Kristi , Danilenko Dimitry , Kozak Katherine R. , Chan Pamela , Chuh Josefa , Shi Xiaoyan , Nazzal Denise , Fuh Franklin , McBride Jacqueline , Ramakrishnan Vanitha , de Tute Ruth , Rawstron Andy , Jack Andrew S. , Deng Rong , Chu Yu-Waye , Dornan David , Williams Marna , Ho William , Ebens Allen , Prabhu Saileta , Polson Andrew G. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Antibody–drug conjugates (ADC), potent cytotoxic drugs linked to antibodies via chemical linkers, allow specific targeting of drugs to neoplastic cells. We have used this technology to develop the ADC DCDT2980S that targets CD22, an antigen with expression limited to B cells and the vast majority of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). DCDT2980S consists of a humanized anti-CD22 monoclonal IgG1 antibody with a potent microtubule-disrupting agent, monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), linked to the reduced cysteines of the antibody via a protease cleavable linker, maleimidocaproyl-valine-citrulline-p-aminobenzoyloxycarbonyl (MC-vc-PAB). We describe the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of DCDT2980S in animal models to assess its potential as a therapeutic for the treatment of B-cell malignancies. We did not find a strong correlation between in vitro or in vivo efficacy and CD22 surface expression, nor a correlation of sensitivity to free drug and in vitro potency. We show that DCDT2980S was capable of inducing complete tumor regression in xenograft mouse models of NHL and can be more effective than rituximab plus combination chemotherapy at drug exposures that were well tolerated in cynomolgus monkeys. These results suggest that DCDT2980S has an efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics profile that support potential treatment of NHL. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(7); 1255–65. ©2013 AACR.
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1–Mediated Migration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is a Source of Intimal Hyperplasia
Authors: Grudzinska Monika K. , Kurzejamska Ewa , Bojakowski Krzysztof , Soin Joanna , Lehmann Michael H. , Reinecke Hans , Murry Charles E. , Soderberg-Naucler Cecilia , Religa Piotr 
Published: April 2013

Objective—
Intimal hyperplasia is considered to be a healing response and is a major cause of vessel narrowing after injury, where migration of vascular progenitor cells contributes to pathological events, including transplant arteriosclerosis.

Approach and Results—
In this study, we used a rat aortic–allograft model to identify the predominant cell types associated with transplant arteriosclerosis and to identify factors important in their recruitment into the graft. Transplantation of labeled adventitial tissues allowed us to identify the adventitia as a major source of cells migrating to the intima. RNA microarrays revealed a potential role for monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), stromal cell–derived factor 1, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted, and interferon-inducible protein 10 in the induced vasculopathy. MCP-1 induced migration of adventitial fibroblast cells. CCR2, the receptor for MCP-1, was coexpressed with CD90, CD44, NG2, or sca-1 on mesenchymal stem cells. In vivo experiments using MCP-1–deficient and CCR2-deficient mice confirmed an important role of MCP-1 in the formation of intimal hyperplasia in a mouse model of vascular injury.

Conclusions—
The adventitia is a potentially important cellular source that contributes to intimal hyperplasia, and MCP-1 is a potent chemokine for the recruitment of adventitial vascular progenitor cells to intimal lesions.
Resting Heart Rate and the Risk of Heart Failure in Healthy Adults
Authors: Nanchen David , Leening Maarten J.G. , Locatelli Isabella , Cornuz Jacques , Kors Jan A. , Heeringa Jan , Deckers Jaap W. , Hofman Albert , Franco Oscar H. , Stricker Bruno H.Ch. , Witteman Jacqueline C.M. , Dehghan Abbas 
Published: April 2013

Background—
An elevated resting heart rate is associated with rehospitalization for heart failure and is a modifiable risk factor in heart failure patients. We aimed to examine the association between resting heart rate and incident heart failure in a population-based cohort study of healthy adults without pre-existing overt heart disease.

Methods and Results—

We studied 4768 men and women aged ≥55 years from the population-based Rotterdam Study. We excluded participants with prevalent heart failure, coronary heart disease, pacemaker, atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block, and those using β-blockers or calcium channel blockers. We used extended Cox models allowing for time-dependent variation of resting heart rate along follow-up. During a median of 14.6 years of follow-up, 656 participants developed heart failure. The risk of heart failure was higher in men with higher resting heart rate. For each increment of 10 beats per minute, the multivariable adjusted hazard ratios in men were 1.16 (95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.28;
P
=0.005) in the time-fixed heart rate model and 1.13 (95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.25;
P
=0.017) in the time-dependent heart rate model. The association could not be demonstrated in women (
P
for interaction=0.004). Censoring participants for incident coronary heart disease or using time-dependent models to account for the use of β-blockers or calcium channel blockers during follow-up did not alter the results.

Conclusions—
Baseline or persistent higher resting heart rate is an independent risk factor for the development of heart failure in healthy older men in the general population.
Free-Breathing, Motion-Corrected Late Gadolinium Enhancement Is Robust and Extends Risk Stratification to Vulnerable Patients
Authors: Piehler Kayla M. , Wong Timothy C. , Puntil Kathy S. , Zareba Karolina M. , Lin Kathie , Harris David M. , Deible Christopher R. , Lacomis Joan M. , Czeyda-Pommersheim Ferenc , Cook Stephen C. , Kellman Peter , Schelbert Erik B. 
Published: April 2013

Background—
Routine clinical use of novel free-breathing, motion-corrected, averaged late-gadolinium-enhancement (moco-LGE) cardiovascular MR may have advantages over conventional breath-held LGE (bh-LGE), especially in vulnerable patients.

Methods and Results—

In 390 consecutive patients, we collected bh-LGE and moco-LGE with identical image matrix parameters. In 41 patients, bh-LGE was abandoned because of image quality issues, including 10 with myocardial infarction. When both were acquired, myocardial infarction detection was similar (McNemar test,
P
=0.4) with high agreement (κ=0.95). With artifact-free bh-LGE images, pixelwise myocardial infarction measures correlated highly (
R
2
=0.96) without bias. Moco-LGE was faster, and image quality and diagnostic confidence were higher on blinded review (
P
<0.001 for all). During a median of 1.2 years, 20 heart failure hospitalizations and 18 deaths occurred. For bh-LGE, but not moco-LGE, inferior image quality and bh-LGE nonacquisition were linked to patient vulnerability confirmed by adverse outcomes (log-rank
P
<0.001). Moco-LGE significantly stratified risk in the full cohort (log-rank
P
<0.001), but bh-LGE did not (log-rank
P
=0.056) because a significant number of vulnerable patients did not receive bh-LGE (because of arrhythmia or inability to hold breath).

Conclusions—
Myocardial infarction detection and quantification are similar between moco-LGE and bh-LGE when bh-LGE can be acquired well, but bh-LGE quality deteriorates with patient vulnerability. Acquisition time, image quality, diagnostic confidence, and the number of successfully scanned patients are superior with moco-LGE, which extends LGE-based risk stratification to include patients with vulnerability confirmed by outcomes. Moco-LGE may be suitable for routine clinical use.