bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of New Attachment System with Soft Lining Material for Implant-retained Complete Denture
Authors: Ueda Takayuki , Sakurai Kaoru , Patil Pravinkumar G , Koike Takashi , Noda Syuutarou , Ogami Koichiro 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The retention of complete dentures is frequently difficult in edentulous patients with a severely resorbed residual alveolar ridge. In such cases, implant overdentures having a stronger retention force are useful. Although there are various types of attachment systems for implant overdentures, they are frequently complicated. We are, therefore, developing a simple attachment system focusing on a soft lining material for the female connector. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the retention force of implant overdentures applying a soft lining material for the attachment.

Materials and methods
The models in which seven male and female connector pairs were used. As the control, a rubber O-ring attachment system, in which a rubber O-ring female was paired with a metal ball anchor (male), having a diameter of 1.7 or 2.2 mm. In the attachment system with a soft lining material, a female component was made up of soft lining material paired with a male having a diameter of 1.7, 2.2, 2.5, 2.7 or 3.0 mm. In measuring the retention force, the maximum force required to dislodge the male from the female was recorded by a digital force gauge.

Results
With the rubber O-ring, the retention force was 2.9 ± 0.2 N for the 1.7 mm male and 3.3 ± 0.3 N for the 2.2 mm male; these values were higher than the respective retention forces when using a soft lining material as the female and a male of the same diameter. However, with the female comprising soft lining material, the retention force exceeded 4 N for the 2.5, 2.7 and 3.0 mm males and was higher than the retention forces for the rubber O-ring.

Conclusion
The proposed attachment system with soft lining material for implant overdentures provides a clinically sufficient retention force when the diameter of the male exceeds 2.5 mm.

How to cite this article
Koike T, Ueda T, Noda S, Ogami K, Patil PG, Sakurai K. Development of New Attachment System with Soft Lining Material for Implant-retained Complete Denture. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2013;3(1):21-24.
Mucopolysaccharidosis VI: cardiac involvement and the impact of enzyme replacement therapy
Authors: Kampmann Christoph , Lampe Christina , Whybra‐Trümpler Catharina , Wiethoff Christiane M. , Mengel Eugen , Arash Laila , Beck Michael , Miebach Elke 
Published: September 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo describe cardiac abnormalities in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) VI and to evaluate the impact of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) on cardiac structure and function.MethodsData from electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evaluations were retrospectively collected from patients with MPS VI who are followed up at the Children's Hospital of Mainz.ResultsThe study included 44 (16 male and 28 female) patients. At baseline, valvular regurgitation (mainly aortic and mitral) and left ventricular (LV) volume overload were present in over half of patients. Other common cardiac manifestations were sinus tachycardia, LV hypertrophy, concentric LV remodelling, and pulmonary hypertension. One patient had left atrial dilation and one had congestive heart failure. Interventricular septal wall thickness and LV posterior wall thickness were above normal in most patients. Twenty five patients had a pre‐ERT and at least one follow‐up visit after ERT start. Mean follow‐up after ERT start was 5.6 (SD 2.3) years. Despite the late onset (mean age 14.6 years) of treatment, ERT appeared to improve or arrest the progression of LV remodelling and LV hypertrophy and suspend the progression of cardiac valve disease.ConclusionsMPS VI is associated with an array of cardiac manifestations. ERT appears to have some impact on cardiac structure and function when started late in life, but may have better long‐term results when started during early infancy.
On the formation of streamwise vortices by plasma vortex generators
Authors: Jukes Timothy N. , Choi Kwing-So 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe streamwise vortices generated by dielectric-barrier-discharge plasma actuators in the laminar boundary layer were investigated using particle image velocimetry to understand the vortex-formation mechanisms. The plasma vortex generator was oriented along the primary flow direction to produce a body force in the spanwise direction. This created a spanwise-directed wall jet which interacted with the oncoming boundary layer to form a coherent streamwise vortex. It was found that the streamwise vortices were formed by the twisting and folding of the spanwise vorticity in the oncoming boundary layer into the outer shear layer of the spanwise wall jet, which added its own vorticity to increase the circulation along the actuator length. This is similar to the delta-shaped, vane-type vortex generator, except that the circulation was enhanced by the addition of the vorticity in the plasma jet. It was also observed that the plasma vortex was formed close to the wall with an enhanced wall-ward entrainment, which created strong downwash above the actuator.
Tom Tiddler’s Ground: Irregular Medical Practitioners and Male Sexual Problems in New Zealand, 1858–1908
Authors: Watson Lindsay R. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIrregular practitioners (‘quacks’) specialising in male sexual problems succeeded in nineteenth-century New Zealand by taking advantage of the growing population of unattached men who were ignorant of their own sexual physiology. The irregulars also profited from the regular practitioners’ acceptance of ill-defined or imaginary male sexual disorders and the side effects of conventional venereal disease treatments, the lack of a clear demarcation between quacks and the regular medical profession, and an increased availability of newspaper advertising. Improvements in the postal system enabled quacks to reach more potential customers by mail, their preferred sales method. The decline in quackery resulted from scientific advances in the understanding of disease and government legislation to privilege regular practitioners and limit quacks’ access to postal services and advertising.
Mediators between Theoretical and Practical Medieval Knowledge: Medical Notebooks from the Cairo Genizah and their Significance
Authors: Lev Efraim 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis article presents a plethora of fragments from the medical notebooks found in the Cairo Genizah that comprise a unique source of historical data for scholarly study and for a better understanding of the ways in which medieval medical knowledge in Egypt was transferred from theory to practice and vice versa. These documents provide the most direct evidence we have for preferred practical medical recipes because they record the choices of medical practitioners in medieval Cairo. Since the language most commonly used in them was Judaeo-Arabic, they were evidently written by Jews. The medical genre in the notebooks was primarily pharmacopoeic, consisting of apparently original recipes for the treatment of various diseases. There are also a few notebooks onmateria medica. The subject matter of the Genizah medical notebooks shows that they were mostly of an eclectic nature, i.e. the writers had probably learnt about these treatments and recipes from their teachers, applied them at the hospitals where they worked or copied them from the books they read. Foremost among the subjects dealt with were eye diseases, followed by skin diseases, coughs and colds, dentistry and oral hygiene, and gynaecological conditions. The writers of the Genizah notebooks apparently recorded the practical medical knowledge they wished to preserve for their future use as amateur physicians, students, traditional healers or professional practitioners.
Strongholds and Battlegrounds: Measuring Party Support Stability in Canada
Authors: Bodet Marc André 
Published: September 2013

Abstract.Despite the nationalization of politics in established democracies, the study of local dynamics remains fundamental to our understanding of electoral politics, especially in plurality contests. In plurality systems, local competition indeed has important consequences for the distribution of seats in parliaments and cabinets. While a plethora of measures exists to assess electoral competitiveness, none adequately captures the dynamic nature of party support at the local level. Making use of the Canadian case as an illustration, we propose a new classification of electoral districts that aims at filling this gap. Districts are divided into two categories, strongholds and battlegrounds, depending on the successive performances of parties. We argue that such a classification should be utilized in addition to static measures of competitiveness, notably in the study of political participation.Résumé.Malgré la nationalisation de la politique au sein des démocraties établies, l'étude des dynamiques locales demeure fondamentale pour bien comprendre la politique électorale, particulièrement dans les systèmes pluralitaires où la compétition locale a des conséquences importantes sur la distribution des sièges au parlement et au cabinet. Bien qu'il existe une panoplie de mesures de compétition électorale, aucune ne capture adéquatement la nature dynamique de l'appui aux partis à l'échelle locale. À l'aide du cas canadien, nous proposons une nouvelle classification des districts électoraux qui corrige cette lacune. Les districts sont divisés en deux catégories – bastions et champs de bataille – en fonction des performances successives des partis en présence. Nous suggérons que cette classification soit utilisée en plus d'autres mesures statiques, notamment dans l'étude de la participation électorale.
Methylation of the oxytocin receptor gene and oxytocin blood levels in the development of psychopathy
Authors: Dadds Mark R. , Moul Caroline , Cauchi Avril , Dobson-Stone Carol , Hawes David J. , Brennan John , Ebstein Richard E. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractChild conduct problems (CPs) are a robust predictor of adult mental health; the concurrence of callous–unemotional (CU) traits confers specific risk for psychopathy. Psychopathy may be related to disturbances in the oxytocin (OXT) system. Evidence suggests that epigenetic changes in the OXT receptor gene (OXTR) are associated with lower circulating OXT and social–cognitive difficulties. We tested methylation levels ofOXTRin 4- to 16-year-old males who met DSM criteria for a diagnosis of oppositional–defiant or conduct disorder and were stratified by CU traits and age. Measures were DNA methylation levels of six CpG sites in the promoter region of theOXTRgene (where a CpG site is a cytosine nucleotide occurs next to a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its lenth, linked together by phosphate binding), and OXT blood levels. High CU traits were associated with greater methylation of theOXTRgene for two cytosine nucleotide and guanine nucleotide phosphate linked sites and lower circulating OXT in older males. Higher methylation correlated with lower OXT levels. We conclude that greater methylation ofOXTRcharacterizes adolescent males with high levels of CU and CPs, and this methylation is associated with lower circulating OXT and functional impairment in interpersonal empathy. The results add genetic evidence that high CU traits specify a distinct subgroup within CP children, and they suggest models of psychopathy may be informed by further identification of these epigenetic processes and their functional significance.
New sauropod dinosaur material from Jones Ranch: a large Comanchean nonmammalian tetrapod from Texas
Authors: Winkler D. A. , Polcyn M. J. , Jacobs L. L. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTNew sauropod dinosaur material is described from Jones Ranch, Early Cretaceous of Texas (USA). Originally described asPaluxysaurus jonesi, the material from Jones Ranch has recently been referred toSauroposeidon proteles. Elements newly prepared from dense concretionary matrix include the sacrum, ilium and proximal portion of the tail. Reconstructions of the skull and sacrum plus pelvic girdles are presented. ‘Paluxysaurus jonesi’ (=S. proteles) is a blunt-faced sauropod that was originally regarded as closely related toBrachiosaurus. Portions of the sacrum are now exposed and show that it is nearly complete, missing only parts of the first sacral (S1). The anterior sacrals are firmly fused, however, a newly discovered opisthocoelous last sacral (S6) remains unfused. A complete sequence of proximal caudal vertebrae shows a rapid transition from anteroposteriorly short and mediolaterally broad centra anteriorly, to more elongate cylindrical centra posteriorly. All proximal caudals have slightly amphicoelous centra. Some middle anterior caudals have a shallow longitudinal groove on the ventral surface of the centrum. Specimens from Jones Ranch exhibit characters of the sacrum and tail that clearly corroborate placement of ‘P. jonesi’(Sauroposeidon proteles)as a somphospondylan titanosauriform.
A comparative analysis of role attainment and impairment in binge-eating disorder and bulimia nervosa: results from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
Authors: Kessler R.C. , Shahly V. , Hudson J.I. , Supina D. , Berglund P.A. , Chiu W.T. , Gruber M. , Aguilar-Gaxiola S. , Alonso J. , Andrade L.H. , Benjet C. , Bruffaerts R. , de Girolamo G. , de Graaf R. , Florescu S.E. , Haro J.M. , Murphy S.D. , Posada-Villa J. , Scott K. , Xavier M. 
Published: September 2013

Background.Cross-national population data from the WHO World Mental Health surveys are used to compare role attainments and role impairments associated with binge-eating disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa (BN).Methods.Community surveys assessed 23 000 adults across 12 countries for BED, BN and ten other DSM-IV mental disorders using the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Age-of-onset was assessed retrospectively. Ten physical disorders were assessed using standard conditions checklists. Analyses examined reciprocal time-lagged associations of eating disorders (EDs) with education, associations of early-onset (i.e., prior to completing education) EDs with subsequent adult role attainments and cross-sectional associations of current EDs with days of role impairment.Results.BED and BN predicted significantly increased education (females). Student status predicted increased risk of subsequent BED and BN (females). Early-onset BED predicted reduced odds of current (at time of interview) marriage (females) and reduced odds of current employment (males). Early-onset BN predicted increased odds of current work disability (females and males). Current BED and BN were both associated with significantly increased days of role impairment (females and males). Significant BED and BN effects on adult role attainments and impairments were explained by controls for comorbid disorders.Conclusions.Effects of BED on role attainments and impairments are comparable with those of BN. The most plausible interpretation of the fact that these associations are explained by comorbid disorders is that causal effects of EDs are mediated through secondary disorders. Controlled treatment effectiveness studies are needed to trace out long-term effects of BED–BN on secondary disorders.
Determination of thermodynamic parameters of nanocalcium molybdate reaction system by microcalorimetry
Authors: Fan Gaochao , Huang Zaiyin 
Published: September 2013

Calcium molybdate (CaMoO4) nanorods with uniform size were harvested by a gentle and facile reverse‐microemulsion method. Each of the prepared nanorods was about 250 nm in length and 80 nm in diameter. By combining thermodynamic and thermokinetic theories, thermodynamic parameters of the nanoCaMoO4 reaction system such as standard molar enthalpy of reaction (ΔrHmθ), standard molar activation Gibbs free energy of reaction (Δr≠Gmθ), standard molar activation enthalpy of reaction (Δr≠Hmθ) and standard molar activation entropy of reaction (Δr≠Smθ) were successfully acquired by applying microcalorimetry. The significant differences of the thermodynamic parameters between nanoCaMoO4 and bulk CaMoO4 reaction systems are also discussed and the reason can be rooted in the surface effect of nanomaterials.
A Survey of Synthetic Cannabinoid Consumption by Current Cannabis Users
Authors: Gunderson Erik W. , Haughey Heather M. , Ait-Daoud Nassima , Joshi Amruta S. , Hart Carl L. 
Published: September 2013

Background Despite growing concern about the increased rates of synthetic cannabinoid (SC) use and their effects, only limited data are available that addresses these issues. This study assessed the extent of SC product use and reported effects among a cohort of adult marijuana and tobacco users. Methods A brief telephone interview was conducted with individuals who had given permission to be contacted for future research while screening for a cannabis/nicotine dependence medication development study (NCT01204723). Results Respondents ( N = 42; 88% participation rate) were primarily young adults, male, racially diverse, and high school graduates. Nearly all currently smoked tobacco and cannabis, with 86% smoking cannabis on 5 or more days per week. Nearly all (91%) were familiar with SC products, half (50%) reported smoking SC products previously, and a substantial minority (24%) reported current use (i.e., past month). Despite a federal ban on 5 common SCs, which went into effect on March 1, 2011, a number of respondents reported continued SC product use. Common reasons reported for use included, but were not limited to, seeking a new “high” similar to that produced by marijuana and avoiding drug use detection via a positive urine screen. The primary side effects were trouble thinking clearly, headache, dry mouth, and anxiety. No significant differences were found between synthetic cannabinoid product users (ever or current) and nonusers by demographics or other characteristics. Conclusions Among current marijuana and tobacco users, SC product consumption was common and persisted despite a federal ban. The primary reasons for the use of SC-containing products seem to be to evade drug detection and to experience a marijuana-like high.
Comparison Between Characteristics of Creativity in Physics Practical Work and Physics Innovative Project Among Pre-service Physics Teacher
Authors: Mohtar Lilia Ellany , Phang Fatin Aliah 
Published: September 2013

This research is intended to study the characteristics of creativity in two practical-based physics learning activities which are physics practical work (PPW) and physics innovative project (PIP) among pre-service physics teacher at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). The study was conducted in one semester among 12 physics education undergraduates from the Faculty of Education, UTM. Two sets of survey questionnaires were used to collect data on characteristics of creativity in PPW and PIP respectively and the data was analyzed using descriptive analysis. The result of the study shows that six characteristics of creativity are highlighted more when the pre-service physics teachers performed PIP except openness which are the same in both activities. Based on the findings, it is found that activities like inquiry based learning such as PIP can encourage more characteristics of creativity compared to PPW that is guided by manual books. Therefore, it is suggested that activities like PIP should be delivered to the pre-service teachers as one of the exercises to generate creative teachers.
Towards a new privacy
Authors: Hanley Christopher 
Published: September 2013

This article reviews some leadership and management literature dealing with emotional demands in professional contexts. An image of the ‘real self’, requiring emotional privacy, is highly valued by individuals subjected to intense emotional demands. It is argued that the ‘real self’ and emotional privacy ought to be defended against emotional ‘totalitarianism’ at work in high performance education contexts. The writings of George Orwell are employed both to develop an understanding of totalitarianism and consider how it can be resisted. Orwell prized the ideal of the ‘real self’, and it is argued that recent management literature does not give sufficient consideration to understanding and protecting ‘private’ emotions. It is argued that management discourse, demanding increasing levels of ‘emotional labour’, might be working from an imperfect or incomplete understanding of emotional experience as it is actually lived. An analysis of an article from The Academy of Management Review exemplifies managerial preoccupation with emotional effectiveness, without considering how such effectiveness connects with other life contexts. Ideas taken from Orwell are proposed to develop and fortify an ideal of emotional privacy, making explicit links between emotions and the society in which emotions are nurtured and understood.
A powerful latent variable method for detecting and characterizing gene-based gene-gene interaction on multiple quantitative traits
Authors: Li Fangyu , Zhao Jinghua , Yuan Zhongshang , Zhang Xiaoshuai , Ji Jiadong , Xue Fuzhong 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
On thinking quantitatively of complex diseases, there are at least three statistical strategies for analyzing the gene-gene interaction: SNP by SNP interaction on single trait, gene-gene (each can involve multiple SNPs) interaction on single trait and gene-gene interaction on multiple traits. The third one is the most general in dissecting the genetic mechanism underlying complex diseases underpinning multiple quantitative traits. In this paper, we developed a novel statistic for this strategy through modifying the Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLSPM), called mPLSPM statistic.

Results
Simulation studies indicated that mPLSPM statistic was powerful and outperformed the principal component analysis (PCA) based linear regression method. Application to real data in the EPIC-Norfolk GWAS sub-cohort showed suggestive interaction (γ) between TMEM18 gene and BDNF gene on two composite body shape scores (γ = 0.047 and γ = 0.058, with P = 0.021, P = 0.005), and BMI (γ = 0.043, P = 0.034). This suggested these scores (synthetically latent traits) were more suitable to capture the obesity related genetic interaction effect between genes compared to single trait.

Conclusions
The proposed novel mPLSPM statistic is a valid and powerful gene-based method for detecting gene-gene interaction on multiple quantitative phenotypes.