bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions of Radioactive and Stable Cesium with Hydroxy-Interlayered Vermiculite Grains in Soils of the Savannah River Site, South Carolina, USA
Authors: Goto Momoko , Rosson Robert , Elliott W. Crawford , Wampler J. M. , Serkiz Steven , Kahn Bernd 
Published: September 2014

AbstractSorption and fixation of Cs by the upland soils of the US Department of Energy’s Savannah River Site (SRS) have been attributed to micaceous grains consisting mostly of hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite (HIV). Results of experiments to characterize SRS soil samples, to examine aspects of their radiocesium sorption, and to determine how much of their natural Cs is accessible for chemical extraction and isotope dilution are presented in support of mechanistic hypotheses to explain Cs sorption and fixation in HIV grains. The HIV is responsible for most of the soil cation exchange capacity, and concentrations of naturally occurring Cs, Rb, and K in soil samples are closely related to the concentration of HIV. Experiments with 137Cs to examine (1) sorption kinetics, (2) blocking of exchange sites with silver thiourea, and (3) susceptibility of sorbed 137Cs to chemical extraction, support the idea that added Cs is sorbed at different kinds of cation exchange sites in HIV grains. Sites highly selective for Cs but relatively few in number are inferred to exist in interlayer wedge zones within such grains. Little of the naturally occurring Cs in the soil samples was extractable by chemical agents that would remove Cs from ordinary cation-exchange sites and from within non-silicate soil components. Furthermore, most of the natural Cs was inaccessible for isotope dilution under slightly acidic conditions approximating the natural soil environment. These observations support the idea that most of the Cs in these soils has become effectively fixed in the narrower parts of interlayer wedge zones. Control of Cs uptake and fixation by highly Csselective interlayer wedge sites would account for the large distribution coefficients found for 137Cs at the low aqueous Cs concentrations typical of environmental systems and also for the relatively large concentrations of stable Cs in the SRS soils.
The Pore Structure of Compacted and Partly Saturated MX-80 Bentonite at Different Dry Densities
Authors: Keller Lukas M. , Seiphoori Ali , Gasser Philippe , Lucas Falk , Holzer Lorenz , Ferrari Alessio 
Published: September 2014

AbstractCompacted MX-80 bentonite is a potential backfill material in radioactive-waste repositories. Pore space in MX-80 has been the subject of considerable debate. 3D reconstructions of the pore space based on tomographic methods could provide new insights into the nature of the pore space of compacted bentonites. To date, few such reconstructions have been done because of problems with the preparation of bentonite samples for electron microscopy. The nanoscale intergranular pore space was investigated here by cryo-Focused Ion Beam nanotomography (FIB-nt) applied to previously high-pressure frozen MX-80 bentonite samples. This approach allowed a tomographic investigation of the in situ microstructure related to different dry densities (1.24, 1.46, and 1.67 g/cm3). The FIB-nt technique is able to resolve intergranular pores with radii >10 nm. With increasing dry density (1.24–1.67 g/cm3) the intergranular porosity (>10 nm) decreased from ~5 vol.% to 0.1 vol.%. At dry densities of 1.24 and 1.46 g/cm3, intergranular pores were filled with clay aggregates, which formed a mesh-like structure, similar to the honeycomb structure observed in diagenetic smectite. Unlike ‘typical’ clay gels, the cores of the honeycomb structure were not filled with pure water, but instead were filled with a less dense material which presumably consists of very fine clay similar to a colloid. In the low-density sample this honeycomb-structured material partly filled the intergranular pore space but some open pores were also present. In the 1.46 g/cm3 sample, the material filled the intergranular pores almost completely. At the highest densities investigated (1.67 g/cm3), the honeycomb-structured material was not present, probably because of the lack of intergranular pores which suppressed the formation of the honeycomb framework or skeleton consisting of clay aggregates.
Evolución y tendencias actuales de los Web crawlers
Authors: Sarmiento Fernando Iván Camargo , Ordóñez Salinas Sonia 
Published: September 2014

<p>La información disponible en redes de datos como la Web o las redes sociales se encuentra en continuo crecimiento, con unas características de dinamismo especiales. Entre los mecanismos encargados de rastrear los cambios en dicha información se encuentran los Web<br />crawlers, los cuales por la misma dinámica de la información, deben mejorarse constantemente en busca de algoritmos más eficientes. Este documento presenta el estado actual de los algoritmos de rastreo de la Web, sus tendencias, avances, y nuevos enfoques dentro del contexto de la dinámica de las redes sociales.</p>
European multicenter analytical evaluation of the Abbott ARCHITECT STAT high sensitive troponin I immunoassay
Authors: Krintus Magdalena , Kozinski Marek , Boudry Pascal , Capell Nuria Estañ , Köller Ursula , Lackner Karl , Lefèvre Guillaume , Lennartz Lieselotte , Lotz Johannes , Herranz Antonio Mora , Nybo Mads , Plebani Mario , Sandberg Maria B. , Schratzberger Wolfgang , Shih Jessie , Skadberg Øyvind , Chargui Ahmed Taoufik , Zaninotto Martina , Sypniewska Grazyna 
Published: September 2014

AbstractInternational recommendations highlight the superior value of cardiac troponins (cTns) for early diagnosis of myocardial infarction along with analytical requirements of improved precision and detectability. In this multicenter study, we investigated the analytical performance of a new high sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) assay and its 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL).Laboratories from nine European countries evaluated the ARCHITECTTotal imprecision of 3.3%–8.9%, 2.0%–3.5% and 1.5%–5.2% was determined for the low, medium and high controls, respectively. The lowest cTnI concentration corresponding to a total CV of 10% was 5.6 ng/L. Common interferences, sample dilution and carryover did not affect the hs-cTnI results. Slight, but statistically significant, differences with sample type were found. Concordance between the investigated hs-cTnI assay and contemporary cTnI assay at 99th percentile cut-off was found to be 95%. TnI was detectable in 75% and 57% of the apparently healthy population using the lower (1.1 ng/L) and upper (1.9 ng/L) limit of the LoD range provided by the ARCHITECTThe new ARCHITECT
Impact of assay design on test performance: lessons learned from 25-hydroxyvitamin D
Authors: Farrell Christopher-John L. , Soldo Joshua , McWhinney Brett , Bandodkar Sushil , Herrmann Markus 
Published: September 2014

AbstractCurrent automated immunoassays vary significantly in many aspects of their design. This study sought to establish if the theoretical advantages and disadvantages associated with different design formats of automated 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) assays are translated into variations in assay performance in practice.25-OHD was measured in 1236 samples using automated assays from Abbott, DiaSorin, Roche and Siemens. A subset of 362 samples had up to three liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 25-OHD analyses performed. 25-OHDThe assay that combined release of 25-OHD with analyte capture in a single step showed the most accurate 25-OHDVariations in design among automated 25-OHD assays influence their performance characteristics. Consideration of the details of assay design is therefore important when selecting and validating new assays.
Quantification of polyclonal free light chains in clinical samples using a single turbidimetric immunoassay
Authors: Faint Jeffrey M. , Basu Supratik , Sutton David , Showell Paul J. , Kalra Philip A. , Gunson Bridget K. , Jackson Colette E. , Mushtaq Adeel , Assi Lakhvir K. , Carr-Smith Hugh D. , Cockwell Paul , Harding Stephen J. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractElevated polyclonal serum free light chain (FLC) levels have been associated with increased mortality and disease activity in many conditions. Currently, polyclonal FLC quantification requires summation of individual FLCκ and FLCλ assays. Here we present a single assay for combined FLC (cFLC, Combylite™) which reduces assay time and eliminates potential imprecision errors incurred by summating FLC assays (ΣFLC).Sheep FLCκ- and FLCλ-specific antibodies were conjugated to latex microparticles to quantify FLCκ and FLCλ in a single assay. Combylite results were compared to ΣFLC (FreelitecFLC and ΣFLC results were highly concordant (Passing-Bablok equation y=0.98x–1.59 mg/L, RcFLC values obtained using Combylite were comparable to ΣFLC results over a wide concentration range, were elevated in diseases characterised by B cell activation and were associated with increased mortality in a haematological referral population. These observations indicate the Combylite assay has value for investigating the role of B cell activation in disparate disease groups and could be considered as a surrogate indication of B cell function.
Influence of Military Training and Standardized Nutrition in Military Unit on Soldiers' Nutritional Status and Physical Fitness
Authors: Tomczak Andrzej , Bertrandt Jerzy , Kłos Anna , Kłos Krzysztof 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Tomczak, A, Bertrandt, J, Kłos, A, and Kłos, K. Influence of military training and standardized nutrition in military unit on soldiers' nutritional status and physical fitness. J Strength Cond Res 30(10): 2774–2780, 2016—Despite suspension of conscription in Polish Army, trainings of soldiers are still carried out. It is expected that they will be effective and will contribute to obtaining optimum level of psychophysical efficiency that enables fulfillment of military tasks. Total of 60 soldiers took part in the study. During the 9-month military service, soldiers had 200 hours of physical training and basic military training (shooting, drill, anti-chemical training, topography, general tactics, and military equipment operation). The training lasted 8 hours everyday. To assess fitness level, 4 trials were done: long jump, pull-ups, sit-ups, and 1,000 m run. Evaluation of food was based on the analysis of full board menus using the “Tables of composition and nutritional value of food products.” Energy value was assessed, and content of basic nutrients was calculated. Assessment of nutritional status was based on anthropometric measurements, such as body height, body mass, and thickness of 4 selected skinfolds. Body height and body mass were the basis for the body mass index calculation. Soldiers serving in the mechanized infantry unit, after completing the training, got better results only in 1,000 m run (from 250.3 to 233.61 seconds). During the research, an average energy value of a daily food ration planned for consumption was 4,504 kcal. This value consisted of 13.2% of energy from protein, 31.9% of energy from fat, and 54.9% from carbohydrates. In the course of military service, percentage of subjects indicating overweight increased from 10.2 to 25.4%.
Pine-tree-like morphologies of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes: Electron field emission enhancement
Authors: García-Betancourt María Luisa , Perea-López Néstor , Vega-Díaz Sofía M. , López-Urías Florentino , Elías Ana Laura , Ortiz-Medina Josué , Muñoz-Sandoval Emilio , Terrones Mauricio 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Analysis of the resistivity imaging results conducted over karst voids in Klucze using Depth of Investigation Index
Authors: Olga Krajewska , Glazer Michał , Jolanta Pierwoła 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Conducted by "Olkusz" Speleological Club exploratory works related to the Gieńkówka cave led only to its partial opening. There are indications stating that this cave has continuation beyond its currently available parts. In order to verify those assumptions resistivity imaging method has been used. During analysis of the resistivity models obtained from field measurements the synthetic model, simulating the intersection of the cave corridor, has been utilized. In order to assess the reliability of resistivity cross sections in terms of the presence of artifacts left by the inversion process Depth of Investigation (DOI) index has been applied. For preparing DOI maps two inversions on the same data set were carried out using different reference models. Then the results were compared to each other. High resistivity anomalies revealed on obtained models show strong correlation with actual caves known in this area. In addition, similar anomalies have been found in place of the predicted continuity in Gieńkówka cave, thus confirming the hypothesis made in this research. High DOI index values in the occurrence of caves pointing to the instability of the inversion process in those areas
Phase composition of Katowice – Wełnowiec pytometallurgical slags: preliminary SEM study
Authors: Warchulski Rafał , Szopa Krzysztof 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Exploitation on Zn-Pb ores in Upper Silesia region dates back to the XIII century. Analyzed slags are associated with Hohenlohe smelting plant which started its work in 1804 as an iron smelter, and continued as zinc smelter since 1873. Waste material from smelting plant production was stored in Katowice - Wełnowiec, although nowadays most of it has been used for commercial purposes. Slags are composed of silicates and aluminosilicates, e.g. willemite, pyroxene- and melilite-group, K-feldspar accompanied by silico-phosphates close to perhamite, harrisonite and arsenate-chloride with composition similar to nealite. Chemical composition of most phases is simple with some unique substitutions in case of Sr and Ce
Improving Project Manufacturing Coordination
Authors: Korpivaara Ville , Elfvengren Kalle , Kassi Tuomo 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The objective of this research is to develop firms’ project manufacturing coordination. The development will be made by centralizing the manufacturing information flows in one system. To be able to centralize information, a deep user need assessment is required. After user needs have been identified, the existing system will be developed to match these needs. The theoretical background is achieved through exploring the literature of project manufacturing, development project success factors and different frameworks and tools for development project execution. The focus of this research is rather in customer need assessment than in system’s technical expertise. To ensure the deep understanding of customer needs this study is executed by action research method. As a result of this research the information system for project manufacturing coordination was developed to respond revealed needs of the stakeholders. The new system improves the quality of the manufacturing information, eliminates waste in manufacturing coordination processes and offers a better visibility to the project manufacturing. Hence it provides a solid base for the further development of project manufacturing.
Reduction in the Number of Comparisons Required to Create Matrix of Expert Judgment in the Comet Method
Authors: Sałabun Wojciech 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods are associated with the ranking of alternatives based on expert judgments made using a number of criteria. In the MCDM field, the distance-based approach is one popular method for receiving a final ranking. One of the newest MCDM method, which uses the distance-based approach, is the Characteristic Objects Method (COMET). In this method, the preferences of each alternative are obtained on the basis of the distance from the nearest characteristic ob jects and their values. For this purpose, the domain and fuzzy numbers set for all the considered criteria are determined. The characteristic objects are obtained as the combination of the crisp values of all the fuzzy numbers. The preference values of all the characteristic ob ject are determined based on the tournament method and the principle of indifference. Finally, the fuzzy model is constructed and is used to calculate preference values of the alternatives. In this way, a multi-criteria model is created and it is free of rank reversal phenomenon. In this approach, the matrix of expert judgment is necessary to create. For this purpose, an expert has to compare all the characteristic ob jects with each other. The number of necessary comparisons depends squarely to the number of ob jects. This study proposes the improvement of the COMET method by using the transitivity of pairwise comparisons. Three numerical examples are used to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed improvement with respect to results from the original approach. The proposed improvement reduces significantly the number of necessary comparisons to create the matrix of expert judgment.
Towards perpetual neoliberalism in education: The Slovak path to postcommunist transformation
Authors: Kaščák Ondrej , Pupala Branislav 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Slovak education policy is an example of the kind of transformations occurring in the education spheres of postcommunist countries. While at the end of the 1990s, it seemed that education policy was still attempting to ensure that Slovakia caught up with education levels in western countries, the period that followed brought with it a shift towards neoliberalization of the education sector and towards the economization of education. Slovakia’s entry into the EU was accompanied by the total assimilation of the neoliberal agenda within education and since then it can be said that Slovak education policy has followed a path towards so-called perpetual neoliberalism. The aim of this article is to show how education policy has developed within Slovak politics, in terms of how it is gradually adapting to neoliberal ideas. The article analyzes government documents from 1998 onwards, particularly Slovak government programs, which document the process of neoliberalization in education.
Is everyone upright? Erwin Straus’ “The Upright Posture” and disabled phenomenology
Authors: Abrams Thomas 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
This paper provides a close reading of Erwin Straus’ “The Upright Posture” from a disability studies perspective. Straus argues that the upright posture dominates the human world. But he excludes those who dwell in it otherwise. By reviewing phenomenological disability literature, this paper asks what a disabled phenomenology would look like, one rooted in the problem of inclusion from the outset. Disabled phenomenology addresses ‘subjectivity’ critically, asking: what socio-material arrangements make subjectivity possible in the first place? This project is, I argue, equal parts political economy and existential phenomenology. I conclude with some suggestions for future research.
Abstract syntax driven approach for language composition
Authors: Chodarev Sergej , Lakatoš Dominik , Porubän Jaroslav , Kollár Ján 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Popularity of domain-specific languages brings the problem of language components reuse. It should be possible to use parts of different languages in development of new one to lower costs and also allow incremental development. This problem could be solved using the composition of languages. In this paper we discuss the view of language composition from the perspective of concepts composition, where the role of concrete syntax is lowered. We present examples of language composition based on the principles of object composition implemented using YAJCo parser generator, that allows to specify the language based on its abstract syntax.
Speeding up simultaneous alignment and folding of RNA sequences
Authors: Šimalová Mária , Andrejková Gabriela 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
In the paper, we describe and develop more effective solutions of two important problems in bioinformatics. The first problem is the multiple sequence alignment problem and the second problem is RNA secondary structure prediction (folding) problem. Each of these problems should be solved with better results if we know the solution of the other one, but usually we only have sequences and we know neither the alignment nor the secondary structure. Precise algorithms solving both of these problems simultaneously are computationally pretentious according to the big length of RNA sequences. In this paper, we have described the method of speeding up the Sankoff’s simultaneous alignment and folding algorithm using the Carrillo-Lipman approach to cut off those computations, that can never lead to an optimal solution.
Database reverse engineering based on meta-models
Authors: Ristić Sonja , Aleksić Slavica , Čeliković Milan , Dimitrieski Vladimir , Luković Ivan 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Reengineering is one of the key concepts in software maintenance and evolution. It generally includes some form of reverse engineering followed by some form of forward engineering or restructuring. In the paper we focus on database reverse engineering. Model-driven software engineering promotes the idea of abstracting implementation details by focusing on: models as first class entities and automated generation of models or code from other models. In the approach meta-models are used to define the modeling languages. A database reverse engineering process can benefit of integrating meta-modeling and meta-models in the process. The plethora of models related to databases points out to the need and importance of model-to-model transformations between these models at different abstraction levels. These transformations are based on meta-models that are conformed by the source and target models of the transformations. A database reverse engineering process can be performed through a chain of model-to-model transformations based on a set of meta-models. In the paper we discuss the importance of meta-modeling in the context of database reverse engineering and present a case study illustrating an approach to database reverse engineering.
Medical procedure breaches detection using a fuzzy clustering approach
Authors: Găceanu Radu , Pop Horia 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
We present a fuzzy clustering approach for detecting flaws in the application of predefined medical protocols. In case of cardiac arrest, the outcome of the intervention is greatly influenced by the precise compliance to certain predefined procedures. We propose a clustering scheme in order to detect possible deviations from the standard protocols. Several interacting agents are employed in this regard. The fuzziness of our approach allows the discovery hybrid data which in this case may be an indication of the medical intervention quality level. We provide experiments on a dataset containing information from real patients that suffered cardiac arrest, on a synthetic dataset and on a standard dataset.
Categorical structures as expressing tool for differential calculus
Authors: Steingartner William , Radaković Davorka 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Category is a mathematical structure consisting of objects and morphisms between objects with some specific properties. Categories examine in abstract way the properties of particular mathematical concepts by formalizing them as collections of objects and morphisms. Categorical structures are widely used in computer science for exact mathematical modeling. This paper highlights the most typical use of categories for constructing the model of part of differential calculus by using special category named arrow category; and codomain and domain functors.