bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Much Should Federal Employees Be Paid?
Authors: Risher Howard 
Published: July 2015

The General Schedule (GS) salary system is broken. It cannot be repaired. It's no longer meeting the needs of government. No elements of the system are consistent with best practice thinking in salary management. It was designed more than 50 years ago for a very different world of work. At this stage it has no defenders. The Departments of Defense (DOD) and Homeland Security (DHS) have the authorization to develop their own salary systems. They join a growing list of agencies with similar authority—the Federal Aviation Administration, the Internal Revenue Service, Securities and Exchange Commission, and the General Accountability Office. Each of these agencies has argued that the GS system is an impediment to their efforts to accomplish their mission and achieve their strategic goals. The list will continue to grow. The new model for salary management that has been adopted or proposed in these agencies is based on the broadband concept. Within the bands, pay for performance is the basis for managing salaries. That policy change has been the focus of heated debates. While it is effectively a universal practice for white-collar employees in non-government sectors, it represents a radical and difficult change for public agencies. The new model also makes it necessary to rethink the strategy for aligning salaries with prevailing market pay levels. The locality pay concept adopted under the Federal Employee Pay Comparability Act (FEPCA) was never allowed to operate as planned, and probably has lost too much credibility to be resuscitated. It also suffers from a change in the way the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) conducts its salary surveys. The issues and problems associated with linking federal pay to market rates are the focus of this article.
Are Public Employers Ready for a “New Pay” Program?
Authors: Risher Howard 
Published: July 2015

Wage and salary management is at a cross-road. After following the same path for almost half a century, a growing number of corporations are moving in a new direction. They have largely abandoned the traditional program concepts and are building new programs around ideas that are still being refined. There is a high level of interest among public employers in moving in the same direction. But at least in the public sector those new concepts are not wholly compatible with the values and beliefs that have served as the foundation for public pay programs. That makes program planners hesitant to take the new path. The hesitancy is not surprising. Public employers feel the pressure to change but, thus far, very few have implemented and lived with the new program model. Charlotte, NC seems to be the only example of a comprehensive “new pay” program in government. There may be few defenders of the traditional program model, but managers and employees alike are comfortable with that model. The transition from that model to the new one is not going to be easy. As the leader of the IPMA/AC A workshop on broad banding, I have now had the opportunity to discuss the new pay model with human resource managers from all levels of government. The discussions evidence considerable interest in new ideas in the abstract, but there is also a realization that their organizations may not be ready for the new pay model. This article looks at some of the issues that go into that decision.
The Evolution of Affirmative Action
Authors: Lee R.A. 
Published: July 2015

1964: “Contrary to the allegations of some opponents of this title, there is nothing in it that will give any power to the (Equal Employment Opportunity) Commission or to any court to require hiring, firing, or promotion of employees in order to meet a racial ‘quota’ or to achieve a certain racial balance. In fact, the very opposite is true. Title VII prohibits discrimination. In effect, it says that race, religion, and national origin are not to be used as the basis for hiring and firing. Title VII is designed to encourage hiring on the basis of ability and qualifications, not race or religion.” — Sen. Hubert H. Humphrey, D-MN1 1996: “…I am disheartened by the introduction of legislation [H.R. 2128] which would roll back the clock on civil rights in this country. Under the guise of returning to the ‘original intent’ of civil rights laws, this legislation would forbid the use of race and gender in governmental decision making and curtail proven and widely accepted remedies for present and past discrimination.” — Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee, (D-TX)2 These two quotes represent the evolution of a public policy over the span of 32 years. Senator Humphrey, in the process of defending the legislation that was to become the Civil Rights Act of 1964, vehemently denied conservative charges that it would lead inevitably to a forced racial balancing act. Representative Jackson was speaking in opposition to a proposal that would undermine the policy of racial balance that had grown up around the Civil Rights Act of 1964. How did it happen that a threatened social change thoroughly denounced by Senator Humphrey became an established policy to be defended by Representative Jackson? This paper is a study of the implementation process of the policy of “affirmative action” and how it evolved from the first quote to the second. It is not a review of the merits or demerits of the policy itself, but simply an attempt to follow the evolution of an idea from its first expression to the current challenge, with particular emphasis in the area of federal employment law.
Facile Fabrication of Micro-Nano Structured Triboelectric Nanogenerator with High Electric Output
Authors: Zhang Feifei , Li Baozhang , Zheng Jianming , Xu Chunye 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
In this article, a new method is used to fabricate a high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which is convenient and cost-effective. A polyformaldehyde (POM) film with novel structures is prepared through electrospinning and is combined with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film to assemble micro-nano structured TENG. The short-circuit current (I
s) and open-circuit voltage (V
o) of the TENG are up to 0.4343 mA and 236.8 V, respectively, and no significant change is observed by applying different frequencies of external impact forces from 1 to 10 Hz. Finally, we successfully drive an electrochromic device (ECD) directly using TENG within just 2 min for the first time.
Talent-Management As a New Direction in the Area of Human Resources Management
Authors: Лысенко  , Lysenko E. , Ковалева  , Kovaleva Inessa 
Published: July 2015

The article is devoted to talent management as topical aspects of personnel management. The main attention is paid to the problem of understanding the
nature of talent, its species and specific features considering that it is a purely individual capacity, expressed in varying degrees of mastery of man. An attempt
to describe the process of talent management in the organization, which allocated 5 steps: setting for talent, attract talent, use talent, talent development and
talent evaluation. Separate focus is directed to the technological rules and compliance with the stages of creating a talent management technologies in order
to build an effective talent management system, which must constantly grow and develop by providing continuous training for the organization of employment,
work activities, material and non-material motivation and produce consistent profits.
Seasonal PrEP for partners of migrant miners in southern Mozambique: a highly focused PrEP intervention
Authors: Cremin Ide , Morales Fernando , Jewell Britta L , O'Reilly Kevin R , Hallett Timothy B 
Published: July 2015

IntroductionTo be used most effectively, pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) should be prioritized to those at high risk of acquisition and would ideally be aligned with time periods of increased exposure. Identifying such time periods is not always straightforward, however. Gaza Province in southern Mozambique is characterized by high levels of HIV transmission and circular labour migration to mines in South Africa. A strong seasonal pattern in births is observable, reflecting an increase in conception in December. Given the potential for increased HIV transmission between miners returning in December and their partners in Gaza Province, PrEP use by the latter would be a useful means of HIV prevention, especially for couples who wish to conceive.MethodsA mathematical model was used to represent population‐level adult heterosexual HIV transmission in Gaza Province. Increased HIV acquisition among partners of miners in December, coinciding with the miners’ return from South Africa, is represented. In addition to a PrEP intervention, the scale‐up of treatment and recent scale‐up of male circumcision that have occurred in Gaza are represented.ResultsProviding time‐limited PrEP to the partners of migrant miners, as opposed to providing PrEP all year, would improve the cost per infection averted by 7.5‐fold. For the cost per infection averted to be below US$3000, at least 85% of PrEP users would need to be good adherers and PrEP would need to be cheaper than US$115 per person per year. Uncertainty regarding incidence of HIV transmission among partners of miners each year in December has a strong influence on estimates of cost per infection averted.ConclusionsProviding time‐limited PrEP to partners of migrant miners in Gaza Province during periods of increased exposure would be a novel strategy for providing PrEP. This strategy would allow for a better prioritized intervention, with the potential to improve the efficiency of a PrEP intervention considerably, as well as providing important reproductive health benefits.
Pre‐exposure prophylaxis in Southern Africa: feasible or not?
Authors: Venter Willem Daniel François , Cowan Frances , Black Vivian , Rebe Kevin , Bekker Linda‐Gail 
Published: July 2015

IntroductionSouthern and Eastern Africa bear the brunt of the AIDS epidemic, and current prevention interventions remain inadequate. Antiretroviral‐based pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is gaining momentum as an effective prevention intervention.DiscussionDiscussions have been started on how this strategy could be employed in Africa such that the populations most in need can be reached urgently for the greatest impact. This requires the selection of specific risk groups and service environments in which PrEP can be distributed safely and cost effectively while being mindful of any ethical issues.ConclusionsGiven the need for an integrated public health approach to this, a number of potential populations and opportunities for PrEP distribution exist and are discussed in this commentary.
Rapid advance of two mountain glaciers in response to mine‐related debris loading
Authors: Jamieson Stewart S. R. , Ewertowski Marek W. , Evans David J. A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractRapid glacier advance is known to occur by a range of mechanisms. However, although large‐scale debris loading has been proposed as a process for causing rapid terminus advance, it has rarely been observed. We use satellite remote sensing data to observe accelerated glacier terminus advance in response to massive supraglacial loading on two glaciers in Kyrgyzstan. Over a 15 year period, mining activity has led to the dumping of spoil of up to 180 m thick on large parts of these valley glaciers. We find that the termini of these glaciers advance by 1.2 and 3.2 km, respectively, at a rate of up to 350 m yr−1. Our analysis suggests that although enhanced basal sliding could be an important process, massive supraglacial loads have also caused enhanced internal ice deformation that would account for most, or all, of the glacier terminus advance. In addition, narrowing of the glacier valley and mining and dumping of ice alter the mass balance and flow regime of the glaciers. Although the scale of supraglacial loading is massive, this full‐scale experiment provides insight into glacier flow acceleration response where small valley glaciers are impacted by very large volumes of landslide debris.
Pain, Fatigue, and Psychological Impact on Health‐Related Quality of Life in Childhood‐Onset Lupus
Authors: Jones Jordan T. , Cunningham Natoshia , Kashikar‐Zuck SusmitA , Brunner Hermine I. 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate pain, fatigue, and psychological functioning of childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and examine how these factors impact health‐related quality of life (HRQOL).MethodsAt a tertiary rheumatology clinic, 60 childhood‐onset SLE patients completed the following: a visual analog scale (VAS) of pain intensity (0–10), the Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) multidimensional fatigue scale, Pain Coping Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Children's Depression Inventory I (CDI‐I), the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire, and the PedsQL generic core (GC) scale and rheumatology module (RM). Sociodemographics and multiple disease activity indicators were recorded.ResultsFatigue was present in 65% of the patients. Clinically relevant pain (pain‐VAS >3), anxiety (SCARED ≥25), and depressive symptoms (CDI‐I >12) were observed in 40%, 37%, and 30% of the patients, respectively; 22% had high catastrophizing (PCS ≥26). On average, the PedsQL‐GC and ‐RM scores for childhood‐onset SLE were lower than in healthy norms. Reduced PedsQL‐GC and ‐RM scores were highly correlated with greater levels of fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptoms (Pearson's r > 0.65), but had weak correlation with disease activity (Pearson's r < 0.25). Regression analysis demonstrated HRQOL was most impacted by fatigue, pain, and anxiety when evaluating all factors concurrently (P < 0.001).ConclusionChildhood‐onset SLE is associated with decreased HRQOL, and psychological aspects of health contribute substantially to low HRQOL, whereas measures of childhood‐onset SLE activity seem less relevant. Fatigue, pain, mood, and anxiety symptoms are present in a large subgroup of patients and need medical attention to achieve optimal health outcomes.
Transparente Elektroden aus Nanokristalltinten für flexible Bauelemente
Authors: Song Jizhong , Zeng Haibo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTransparente Elektroden (TEs) sind eine wichtige Komponente vieler moderner elektronischer und optoelektronischer Bauelemente. Klassische TEs werden jedoch den Entwicklungsanforderungen an smarte Bauelemente, wie z. B. elektronische Häute, tragbare Elektronik, Robotorhäute, flexible und dehnbare Displays und Solarzellen, oftmals nicht gerecht. Aus nanokristallinen (NC) Tinten gedruckte TEs sind kostengünstig, mit Herstellungsverfahren in Lösung kompatibel und besitzen großes Potential für flexible, dehnbare und tragbare Geräte. Wir geben hier einen Überblick über tintenbasierte Elektroden aus transparenten leitfähigen Oxiden, metallischen Nanodrähten, Graphen und Kohlenstoffnanoröhren sowie deren Anwendungen in lösungsbasierten flexiblen und dehnbaren Bauelementen.
Ein funktionelles Strukturmodell für die 1‐Aminocyclopropan‐ 1‐carbonsäure‐Oxidase
Authors: Sallmann Madleen , Oldenburg Fabio , Braun Beatrice , Réglier Marius , Simaan A. Jalila , Limberg Christian 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDas bislang realistischste niedermolekulare Analogon für die 1‐Aminocyclopropan‐1‐carbonsäure‐Oxidase (ACCO) wird beschrieben. Das aktive Zentrum der ACCO, bestehend aus einer 2‐His‐1‐Carboxylateisen(II)‐Spezies, wurde durch eine Tp‐Eisen‐Einheit nachgeahmt, welche in der Lage ist, ACC zu binden. Der resultierende Komplex [TpMe,PhFeACC] (1) stellt entsprechend einer für das Nickelderivat durchgeführten Röntgenstrukturanalyse ein hervorragendes Strukturmodell dar, da es, wie für das Enzym vorgeschlagen, das ACC zweizähnig koordiniert und eine freie Koordinationsstelle verbleibt. Letztere ermöglichte erstmalig auch die Nachahmung der Funktion: 1 ist der erste bekannte ACC‐Komplex, der in der Reaktion mit Sauerstoff Ethylen produziert. Da als Teil des katalytischen Zyklus unter anderem ein FeOOH‐Intermediat vorgeschlagen worden war, wurde auch H2O2 als Oxidationsmittel geprüft. Tatsächlich konnte eine noch schnellere Ethylen‐Entwicklung mit einer Ausbeute von 65 % nachgewiesen werden.
Low‐Grade Inflammation in Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: Prognostic Value of Inflammatory Plasma Lipids and Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Biomarkers
Authors: Attur Mukundan , Krasnokutsky Svetlana , Statnikov Alexander , Samuels Jonathan , Li Zhiguo , Friese Olga , Hellio Le Graverand‐Gastineau Marie‐Pierre , Rybak Leon , Kraus Virginia B. , Jordan Joanne M. , Aliferis Constantin F. , Abramson Steven B. 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveInflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), are produced by osteoarthritic (OA) joint tissue, where they may contribute to disease pathogenesis. We undertook the present study to examine whether inflammation, evidenced in plasma and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs), reflects the presence, progression, or specific symptoms of symptomatic knee OA.MethodsPatients with symptomatic knee OA were enrolled in a 24‐month prospective study of radiographic progression. Standardized knee radiographs were obtained at baseline and 24 months. At baseline, levels of the plasma lipids PGE2 and 15‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15‐HETE) were measured, and transcriptome analysis of PBLs was performed by microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.ResultsBaseline PGE2 synthase (PGES) levels determined by PBL microarray gene expression and plasma PGE2 levels distinguished patients with symptomatic knee OA from non‐OA controls (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.87 and 0.89, respectively, P < 0.0001). Baseline plasma 15‐HETE levels were significantly elevated in patients with symptomatic knee OA versus non‐OA controls (P < 0.0195). In the 146 patients who completed the 24‐month study, elevated baseline expression of IL‐1β, tumor necrosis factor α, and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2) messenger RNA in PBLs predicted higher risk of radiographic progression as evidenced by joint space narrowing (JSN). In a multivariate model, AUC point estimates of models containing COX‐2 in combination with demographic traits overlapped the confidence interval of the base model in 2 of the 3 JSN outcome measures (JSN >0.0 mm, JSN >0.2 mm, and JSN >0.5 mm; AUC 0.62–0.67).ConclusionThe inflammatory plasma lipid biomarkers PGE2 and 15‐HETE identify patients with symptomatic knee OA, and the PBL inflammatory transcriptome identifies a subset of patients with symptomatic knee OA who are at increased risk of radiographic progression. These findings may reflect low‐grade inflammation in OA and may be useful as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in clinical development of disease‐modifying OA drugs.
Synthesis and photophysical properties of 1,2‐diphenylindolizine derivatives: fluorescent blue‐emitting materials for organic light‐emitting device
Authors: Song Yeong Ran , Lim Choon Woo , Kim Tae Woo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNew blue‐emitting materials based on 1,2‐diphenylindolizine were designed and synthesized through a microwave‐assisted Suzuki coupling reaction. The photophysical, electrochemical, and thermal properties of the 1,2‐diphenylindolizine derivatives were investigated using UV–visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The 1,2‐diphenylindolizine derivatives had band gaps of 3.1–3.4 eV and indicated proper emission of around 450 nm without significant difference between in solution and thin solid film. The indolizine derivatives show an enhanced thermal stability (∆Tm > 100 °C), compared with 1,2‐diphenylindolizine. These results suggest the 1,2‐diphenylindolizine derivatives are suitable for blue‐emitting materials in organic light‐emitting devices. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Normal Eating Is Counter‐Cultural: Embodied Experiences of Eating Disorder Recovery
Authors: LaMarre Andrea , Rice Carla 
Published: July 2015

AbstractStandards for eating disorder recovery, although they originate in life‐saving methods, may be unattainable for certain individuals. We used narrative thematic analysis to explore the stories of 10 young women in eating disorder recovery. Participants' narratives highlight the complexity and counter‐cultural nature of navigating prescriptions for recovery in a sociocultural context that privileges some bodies and food‐related behaviours over others. Our main themes were materiality of eating disorders recovery, beyond biometrics, embodying counter‐culture, embodying recovery and authenticity/invisibility. Our analysis reveals a biopedagogy of eating disorder recovery, which offers individuals in recovery sets of instructions for how to be healthy that run in opposition to dominant prescriptions for health. These findings help us better understand the lived experience of eating disorder recovery, highlighting difficulties of recovering in a culture that moralizes food and bodies. Further investigating how standards for recovery intersect with dominant discourses for healthy living could help to support individuals in recovery. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evolution of pigment‐dispersing factor neuropeptides in panarthropoda: Insights from onychophora (velvet worms) and tardigrada (water bears)
Authors: Mayer Georg , Hering Lars , Stosch Juliane M. , Stevenson Paul A. , Dircksen Heinrich 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTPigment‐dispersing factor (PDF) denotes a conserved family of homologous neuropeptides present in several invertebrate groups, including mollusks, nematodes, insects, and crustaceans (referred to here as pigment‐dispersing hormone [PDH]). With regard to their encoding genes (pdf, pdh), insects possess only one, nematodes two, and decapod crustaceans up to three, but their phylogenetic relationship is unknown. To shed light on the origin and diversification of pdf/pdh homologs in Panarthropoda (Onychophora + Tardigrada + Arthropoda) and other molting animals (Ecdysozoa), we analyzed the transcriptomes of five distantly related onychophorans and a representative tardigrade and searched for putative pdf homologs in publically available genomes of other protostomes. This revealed only one pdf homolog in several mollusk and annelid species; two in Onychophora, Priapulida, and Nematoda; and three in Tardigrada. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that the last common ancestor of Panarthropoda possessed two pdf homologs, one of which was lost in the arthropod or arthropod/tardigrade lineage, followed by subsequent duplications of the remaining homolog in some taxa. Immunolocalization of PDF‐like peptides in six onychophoran species, by using a broadly reactive antibody that recognizes PDF/PDH peptides in numerous species, revealed an elaborate system of neurons and fibers in their central and peripheral nervous systems. Large varicose projections in the heart suggest that the PDF neuropeptides functioned as both circulating hormones and locally released transmitters in the last common ancestor of Onychophora and Arthropoda. The lack of PDF‐like‐immunoreactive somata associated with the onychophoran optic ganglion conforms to the hypothesis that onychophoran eyes are homologous to the arthropod median ocelli. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:1865–1885, 2015 © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.