bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Umbrella
Authors: Singer T. Benjamin 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This section includes eighty-six short original essays commissioned for the inaugural issue of TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly. Written by emerging academics, community-based writers, and senior scholars, each essay in this special issue, “Postposttranssexual: Key Concepts for a Twenty-First-Century Transgender Studies,” revolves around a particular keyword or concept. Some contributions focus on a concept central to transgender studies; others describe a term of art from another discipline or interdisciplinary area and show how it might relate to transgender studies. While far from providing a complete picture of the field, these keywords begin to elucidate a conceptual vocabulary for transgender studies. Some of the submissions offer a deep and resilient resistance to the entire project of mapping the field terminologically; some reveal yet-unrealized critical potentials for the field; some take existing terms from canonical thinkers and develop the significance for transgender studies; some offer overviews of well-known methodologies and demonstrate their applicability within transgender studies; some suggest how transgender issues play out in various fields; and some map the productive tensions between trans studies and other interdisciplines.
Survivorship of standard versus modified posterior surgical approaches in metal-on-metal hip resurfacing
Authors: M. Takamura K. , Maher P. , Nath T. , Su E. P. 
Published: May 2014

Objectives Metal-on-metal hip resurfacing (MOMHR) is available as an alternative option for younger, more active patients. There are failure modes that are unique to MOMHR, which include loosening of the femoral head and fractures of the femoral neck. Previous studies have speculated that changes in the vascularity of the femoral head may contribute to these failure modes. This study compares the survivorship between the standard posterior approach (SPA) and modified posterior approach (MPA) in MOMHR. Methods A retrospective clinical outcomes study was performed examining 351 hips (279 male, 72 female) replaced with Birmingham Hip Resurfacing (BHR, Smith and Nephew, Memphis, Tennessee) in 313 patients with a pre-operative diagnosis of osteoarthritis. The mean follow-up period for the SPA group was 2.8 years (0.1 to 6.1) and for the MPA, 2.2 years (0.03 to 5.2); this difference in follow-up period was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Survival analysis was completed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results At four years, the Kaplan–Meier survival curve for the SPA was 97.2% and 99.4% for the MPA; this was statistically significant (log-rank; p = 0.036). There were eight failures in the SPA and two in the MPA. There was a 3.5% incidence of femoral head collapse or loosening in the SPA and 0.4% in the MPA, which represented a significant difference (p = 0.041). There was a 1.7% incidence of fractures of the femoral neck in the SPA and none in the MPA (p = 0.108). Conclusion This study found a significant difference in survivorship at four years between the SPA and the MPA (p = 0.036). The clinical outcomes of this study suggest that preserving the vascularity of the femoral neck by using the MPA results in fewer vascular-related failures in MOMHRs. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:150–4
Software-assisted harmonic function discrimination
Authors: Manzo V. J. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Determining the function of chords within a diatonic key can be difficult, especially for those listeners who do not regularly play instruments capable of producing chords. Software-based instruments, however, can allow an individual to play chords by pressing a single button as opposed to plucking several strings or pressing several keys. This quantitative study addressed two research questions: to what extent is a software-based musical instrument able to assist individuals in recognizing chord-contexts to the extent that traditional chordal instruments do? In what ways does a software-based musical instrument compare to a traditional chordal instrument as a viable aid for assisting individuals in chord-determination activities? In this Pre-/Post-test designed study, two groups of undergraduate music majors using either a chordal instrument or a software-instrument completed activities that emphasized understanding chord progressions. Results were compared within the groups and between groups. Both groups improved to some extent and there was no significant difference between the improvements within both groups overall, suggesting that the software instrument was as viable a mechanism for supporting the musical task as the traditional instrument. Additionally, the data suggest that the ability to recognize two of the five progressions, the vi IV I V and the I V vi IV, improved significantly in the experimental group but not in the control group.
Pilot-testing of new software for measuring string players’ instrument tuning skills
Authors: Hopkins Michael T. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Computer-based software named the Tuning Perception Test (TPT) was developed using Processing, a free, open-source programming language. The specific pitch perception skills examined by the software included unison pitch-matching and harmonic P5 interval tuning. A pilot-test established reliability for the TPT and gathered preliminary data on string instrumentalists’ tuning accuracy at varied school levels (fifth, seventh, ninth, eleventh-grade, university music majors). Reliability was very strong for pitch-matching items (α=0.90) and for the perfect fifth tuning items (α=0.91). Pitch-matching and P5 tuning accuracy improved consistently as school level increased, suggesting that refinement of pitch perception occurs gradually over time, with beginning and intermediate string instrumentalists requiring training in pitch-matching and interval tuning to develop the pitch perception skills necessary to accurately tune a stringed instrument. Participants demonstrated a tendency towards tuning flat, with tuning accuracy decreasing at lower fundamental frequencies.
Supporting students in music technology higher education to learn computer programming
Authors: Moore David 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This article examines methods for supporting students in music technology-related higher education to learn computer programming. The central argument made in this work is that using collaborative activities and encouraging regular reflective writing can benefit novices in their programming. To support this argument evidence from the teaching and learning literature will be presented along with primary research findings by the author. The research findings indicate that the collaborative activities and reflective writing exercise employed on an audio programming module were successful in supporting novices and helped to promote a more active learning environment with evidence of deeper learning and engagement in programming concepts.
Play-based, constructionist learning of Pure Data: A case study
Authors: Hancock Oliver 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This article examines a teaching approach founded on play-based learning, and underpinned by constructionist learning theory. This study describes a pilot programme introducing Pure Data (Pd) to undergraduate Music Production students as part of an Electronic Music module. The project was allowed to evolve and develop during the module in response to student needs and feedback. The teaching materials and pedagogy are presented along with lesson observations, tutor reflections and student feedback. The resources are evaluated using the Sig-Glue framework, and also examined for other desirable features of play-based resources. It is concluded that the resources incorporate many, but not all features which are conducive to play-based learning, and that students exhibit some behaviours typical of play-based learning. It is suggested that the approach may particularly suit non-programmers. Preliminary insights are offered along with recommendations for improvements and further applications.
Modulation of the electrochemical properties of SBS-based anionic membranes by the amine molecular structure
Authors: Filpi Antonio , Boccia Massimiliano , Pucci Andrea , Ciardelli Francesco 
Published: May 2014

Abstract In this work, different amines (bifunctional, as diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (Dabco) and monofunctional, as N-methylimidazole or trimethylamine) were utilized for the amination of benzyl chloride-grafted polystyrene-b-poly(butadiene)-bpolystyrene triblock copolymers (SBS-g-VBC). The use of Dabco solutions in mixture with variable amounts of monoamine or at different concentration allowed to modulate the degree of crosslinking of the SBS-based membranes and their electrochemical parameters. More specifically, tuning Dabco concentration permitted the reduction of water uptake without significantly affecting ionic conductivity.
Synthesis, characterization, and drug delivery property of 2-N-carboxymethyl-6-O-diethylaminoethyl-chitosan
Authors: Zhang Aidi , Ding Derun , Ren Jicun , Zhu Xiangli , Yao Youhong 
Published: May 2014

Abstract A novel route is demonstrated for the synthesis of 2-N-carboxymethyl-6- O-diethylaminoethyl-chitosan (DEAE-CMC) by incorporation of carboxymethyl groups as hydrophilic moieties to the C2-NH2, and diethylaminoethyl groups as hydrophobic moieties to the C6-CH2OH of the structural unit of chitosan, via a protection-graft-deprotection procedure with benzaldehyde as protective agent. The structure, morphology, and thermal properties of the chitosan graft copolymers were characterized by means of FT-IR, 1H NMR, SEM, TGA and DSC. Chitosan and its derivatives were used as carrier of model drug-Vitamin B12 (VB12), and their controlled delivery behaviour in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) were studied. The results show that the release rate of VB12 from the carrier of DEAE-CMC copolymer becomes much slower than that of chitosan in phosphate buffer solution.
A numerical study on deformation of Newtonian droplets through converging cylindrical dies
Authors: Mostafaiyan M. , Saeb M.R. , Ahmadi Z. , Khonakdar H.A. , Wagenknecht U. , Heinrich G. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract In this work, the dynamic deformation of a viscose Newtonian droplet passing through cylindrical converging dies has been studied. The changes in the interfacial area between two immiscible Newtonian fluids have been considered as a variable representing the time-dependent deformation of a circular droplet along converging dies. To do so, a surface tracking method has been incorporated into a finite element code, developed by the authors, which quantifies the deformation of the droplet through the converging path, and where the surface area of the deformed drop has been consequently chosen as a criterion for a two-phase interface. In this study, it has been revealed that by changing both rheological and geometrical parameters it is possible to manage the value of interface area between two phases. Ultimately, a unique curve is developed for each droplet to primary phase viscosity ratio which can correlate drop deformation with geometrical parameters.
Unperturbed dimensions of polymers revisited through the blob theory: the viscometric expansion factor
Authors: Dondos Anastasios 
Published: May 2014

Abstract Plotting log([η]/M1/2) versus log(N/Nc) where [η] is the intrinsic viscosity of the macromolecular chain of molecular mass equal to M and N/Nc is the number of blobs of which this chain consists (N: the number of statistical segment of the chain and Nc : the number of statistical segment of one blob), we obtain the unperturbed dimensions parameter of the blob, Kθb. This graphical representation in this article is based on a modified, original equation of Han [6] based on the blob theory. The obtained value of Kθb for a given polymer, dissolved in a good solvent, is lower than the unperturbed dimensions parameter, Kθ, obtained for the same polymer in the Flory’s theta conditions. Having Kθb < Kθ we obtain for the viscometric expansion factors of a polymer, based on Kθb or Kθ, αηb > αη. With the obtained values of αηb we find αηb3/αs2αH ≈ 1, as predicted by Weill and des Cloizeauz [1], where using αη we obtain αη3/αs2αH ≈ 0.85 (αs and αH are the static and dynamical expansions factors).
Acicular precipitated calcium carbonate as inorganic whisker for reinforcing of polypropylene fibers
Authors: Vogel Roland , Boldt Regine , Vučak Marijan , Nover Christoph , Häussler Liane , Brünig Harald 
Published: May 2014

Abstract Acicular precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) was used as appropriate inorganic whisker for improving the mechanical properties of melt spun polypropylene fibers. Nucleation effects of the PCC in dependence to concentration, surface coating and pre-shearing were analyzed. Melt-spinning experiments were carried out in order to determine the reinforcing effect.
Humor in leader-follower relationships: Humor styles, similarity and relationship quality
Authors: Wisse Barbara , Rietzschel Eric 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe present study focuses on how humor may affect the quality of the relationship between leader and follower (LMX). More specifically, we examined the impact of follower self-reported humor style and leader self-reported humor style on the extent to which followers perceived their relationship with their leader to be of high quality (in terms of affect, loyalty, contribution and professional respect). We also investigated the role of congruence between leader humor style and follower humor style in the reported quality of their relationship. We present the results of a multi-level study of leaders (N = 88) and their followers (N = 257) showing that LMX is positively related to follower affiliative humor style and negatively related to follower aggressive humor style. In addition, LMX is higher with stronger congruence in self-defeating humor styles: leaders' self-defeating humor was positively associated with LMX when followers were high (and not when they were low) in self-defeating humor. These results imply that future studies may benefit from differentiating between different humor styles in order to better understand the role of humor in the intricate relationship between leaders and their followers.
Evaluation and Optimization of Steam and Lye Peeling Processes of Sweet Potato (Ipomea batatas) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Oladejo Ayobami O. , Sobukola Olajide P. , Awonorin Samuel O. , Adejuyigbe Samuel B. 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Sweet potato of uniform sizes and shape were subjected to steam peeling (temperature 80–100°C and peeling time 5–15 min) and lye peeling (sodium hydroxide concentration 8–12%, temperature 80–100°C and peeling time 3–5 min). Response surface methodology was used to analyze and optimize the process parameters in each case. For steam peeling, the peel loss and unpeeled surface area were 6.85 and 28.16%, respectively, while optimum peeling conditions where temperature and peeling time of 100°C and 5 min, respectively, for minimum peel loss and unpeeled surface area. For lye peeling, however, the peel loss and unpeeled surface area were 13.19 and 13.35%, respectively, and optimum peeling conditions were lye concentration, temperature and peeling time of 8.89%, 100°C and 4.75 min, respectively, for minimum peel loss and unpeeled surface area. The models developed in each case (R-squared of 0.9225 and 0.8428; 0.5929 and 0.8346) were adequate in producing responses as a function of the independent variables. From the optimized values and results obtained, lye peeling was more suitable for sweet potato.
Placenta-secreted circulating markers in pregnant women with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Bourjeily Ghada , Curran Patrizia , Butterfield Kristen , Maredia Hasina , Carpenter Marshall , Lambert-Messerlian Geralyn 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Aims: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with placenta-mediated adverse clinical outcomes. We aimed at comparing placenta-secreted proteins, such as first and second trimester Down syndrome screening markers which have been linked to preeclampsia, and markers of angiogenesis in pregnant women with OSA, and pregnant controls at low risk for OSA.

Methods: A case-control study of pregnant women with OSA and controls at low risk for OSA was performed. Levels of first and second trimester markers were reported as multiple of median (MoM), and adjusted for body mass index (BMI). Stored samples were tested for markers of angiogenesis and adjusted for gestational age, BMI, and chronic hypertension.

Results: A total of 24 women with OSA and 166 controls had screening markers. BMI was higher in cases compared to controls, P=0.01. MoM levels of placenta associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) were significantly lower in cases versus controls, even after adjusting for BMI (0.52 IQR 0.48 vs. 1.01 IQR 0.63, P=0.009). The ratio of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 to placental growth factor was significantly higher in cases than controls, even after adjusting for confounders (4.42 IQR 2.52 vs. 2.93 IQR 2.01, P=0.009).

Conclusion: Circulating placenta-secreted glycoproteins and markers of angiogenesis are altered in pregnant women with OSA.
Crystal structure of 2-methyl-1-((4-((2-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)- methyl)phenyl)methyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (2,5-dicarboxybenzoate), C42H34N4O12
Authors: Chen Shi-Jun , Li Shi-Hui 
Published: May 2014

AbstractC
Estimating the bioavailability of trace metals/metalloids and persistent organic substances in terrestrial environments: challenges and need for multidisciplinary approaches
Authors: Fedotov Petr S. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDefinitions and terms related to bioavailability and bioaccessibility of trace metals/metalloids and organic contaminants in soil are briefly discussed and critically evaluated. Main distinguishing features of estimating the bioavailability by biological (in vivo) methods are characterized. Assessment of bioaccessibility using biomimetric (in vitro) methods and existing correlations with in vivo tests are summarized. The most promising biomimetric methods can be as follows: CaCl2 extraction for the assessment of metals biouptake into plants; solid-phase micro extraction, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) under mild conditions as well as Tenax and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD) extractions for the estimation of biouptake of persistent organic compounds (e.g., polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls) by soil-dwelling organisms (mainly earthworms); SFE under mild conditions, HPCD and Tenax extraction for the prediction of biodegradability (microbial degradation) of organic contaminants. However, method development should be extended to further classes of substances. In addition, multidisciplinary approaches are needed for (i) standardization and round-robin studies of the most promising biomimetric methods and protocols so that the data obtained in different laboratories can be compared; (ii) further assessment and critical evaluation of correlations between in vitro and in vivo tests; application of chemometric techniques for handling sets of data obtained both by biomimetric and biological methods is of particular importance in order to evaluate new criteria for risk assessment.
Fabrication and modification of mixed matrix polyvinylchloride based heterogeneous cation exchange membrane by Ag nanolayer/plasma treatment: investigation of nanolayer deposition rate effect
Authors: Zendehnam Akbar , Arabzadegan Mina , Hosseini Sayed Mohsen , Robatmili Nasrin 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
In this research, mixed matrix cation exchange membranes were prepared by the solution casting technique using polyvinylchloride (PVC) as base binder, resin powder as functional groups agent, iron-nickel oxide nanoparticles as adsorptive filler and silver (Ag) nanolayers as surface modifier. Ag nanolayer was deposited on the membrane surface by the magnetron sputtering method. The effects of nanolayer deposition rate (low, medium and high) on physicochemical and antibacterial characteristics of the membranes were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that membrane crystallinity was improved with increase in deposition rate. In addition, atomic force microscopy (AFM) results showed that membrane roughness was decreased by increase in deposition rate. Membrane selectivity was slightly enhanced by increase in Ag nanolayer deposition rate in modified membranes. Ionic fluxes were also increased by increase in Ag nanolayer deposition rate in membranes. Moreover, membranes containing Ag nanolayers showed good ability in Escherichia coli removal. The Ag nanolayer-modified membranes at a high deposition rate showed better performance compared to others.
A new approach for the development of textile waste cotton reinforced composites (T-FRP): laminated hybridization vs. coupling agents
Authors: Bodur Mehmet Safa , Bakkal Mustafa , Savas Mehmet , Berkalp Omer Berk 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This paper presents two separate methods to improve the tensile strength (TS) of textile waste cotton reinforced polymer composites (T-FRP) as prospective functional materials with respect to environmental concerns. Two very different methods were designed in order to improve the TS of the composite. In the first method, maleated anhydride polyethylene was added as the coupling agent into the composite composition, whereas in the second method, a totally new glass fiber and glass fabric laminated hybrid composite structure was designed. In this first study, the coupling agent was mixed up to 5 wt% into the composite structure in order to improve the bonding interface between low density polyethylene (LDPE) matrix and cotton waste fibers. The effect of the coupling agent was evaluated and compared with the unmodified one. By contrast, chopped glass (CG) fibers and woven biaxial glass fabrics were introduced into the composite layers with the intention of designing a new hybrid composite structure as a second study. The TS of the materials was evaluated and the fracture surface was assessed with an optical microscope. Consequently, an improvement in TS of 50% and 230% was achieved by the addition of the coupling agent and the creation of a new hybrid composite, respectively.
Investigation on the influence of metal ion impurities on the complexation behavior of generator produced 90Y with different bifunctional chelators
Authors: Pandey Usha , Gamre Naresh , Chakravarty Rubel , Pillai Maroor Raghavan Ambikalmajan , Dash Ashutosh 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
While the 90Sr/90Y generator is the exclusive source of obtaining `no carrier added' 90Y for
targeted therapy, the presence of trace metals in the radiolabeling solutions poses a serious challenge owing to their ability to
diminish the 90Y complexation yields with bifunctional chelators (BFCs). p-SCN-Bn-PCTA is a novel ligand having faster
complexation kinetics with a number of radiometals. In this work, a systematic investigation was performed to evaluate the chelating
ability of p-SCN-Bn-PCTA for 90Y and the influence of trace metal ions on it's complexation with 90Y in
comparison to p-SCN-Bn-DTPA and p-SCN-Bn-DOTA using 90YCl3 obtained from an electrochemical generator. Results from our
study indicate that while p-SCN-Bn-PCTA gave very good radiolabeling yields with 90Y when the reaction was carried out by
heating for few minutes, it was most sensitive to the presence of trace metals, especially Fe(III). An independent and useful
observation is that p-SCN-Bn-PCTA could be considered as the ligand of choice for assessing the chemical purity of generator derived
90Y.