bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Symptomatic Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Gaskill Trevor , Pullen Michael , Bryant Brandon , Sicignano Nicholas , Evans Amber M. , DeMaio Marlene 
Published: September 2015

Background: Arthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a common orthopaedic procedure. The incidence and risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after ACL reconstruction remain unclear. Purpose: To define the incidence of VTE after ACL reconstruction and identify associated risk factors in a large cohort of patients. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: All patients aged ≥18 years who underwent ACL reconstruction between 2005 and 2011 were identified from the Department of Defense Medical Data Repository. The prevalence of VTE, including deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), within 3 months of ACL reconstruction was queried. Univariate analyses were performed to define odds ratios (ORs) for demographic, medication use, and procedural-related risk factors. Results: A total of 87 VTE events (0.53% [95% CI, 0.42%-0.65%]) occurred after 16,558 ACL reconstructions performed on 15,767 patients. DVT was documented after 55 procedures and PE after 35 procedures. Three patients were documented to have both DVT and PE within the study period. The odds of VTE increased in patients aged ≥35 years (OR, 1.96 [95% CI, 1.27-3.04]; P = .003). Nicotine history increased the odds of DVT (OR, 1.99 [95% CI, 1.15-3.43]; P = .014). Concomitant high tibial osteotomy (HTO) increased the odds of PE (OR, 18.31 [95% CI, 2.4-139.6]; P = .005), whereas concomitant posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction increased the odds of both VTE (OR, 3.43 [95% CI, 1.07-11.2]; P = .38) and DVT (OR, 5.57 [95% CI, 1.71-18.14]; P = .004). Nonsteroidal drug use was associated with decreased odds for VTE and DVT (OR, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.28-0.70]; P < .001 and OR, 0.38 [95% CI, 0.22-0.69]; P < .001, respectively). Anticoagulants were associated with increased odds for VTE, DVT, and PE (OR, 98.32 [95% CI, 61.63-156.86]; P < .001; OR, 111.93 [95% CI, 63.95-195.92]; P < .001; and OR, 47.84 [95% CI, 22.55-101.52]; P < .001, respectively). No detectible difference in odds was found for sex, body mass index, or aspirin or cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor use. Conclusion: The incidence of VTE after ACL reconstruction in this large population was low. Increased odds of VTE was identified in patients aged ≥35 years with a history of nicotine use, anticoagulant use, concomitant HTO, or concomitant PCL reconstruction. Controlled studies are necessary to determine the efficacy of chemoprophylaxis and to develop evidence-based clinical practice guidelines to minimize VTE after ACL reconstruction.
Diagnostic Validity and Factor Analysis of Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale in Parkinson Disease Population
Authors: Ketharanathan Tharini , Hanwella Raveen , Weerasundera Rajiv , de Silva Varuni Asanka 
Published: September 2015

Background: The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) is commonly used to assess major depression in Parkinson disease (PD), but studies on its utility are few. This study examines the validity and factor structure of MADRS in population with PD. Methods: In 104 patients with idiopathic PD, major depression was diagnosed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition, Text Revision; DSM-IV-TR) criteria, and all patients were rated by MADRS. Results: The MADRS showed good concurrent validity with DSM-IV-TR criteria. The diagnostic cutoff was established as 16/17 (sensitivity 97.43, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, and negative predictive value 98.48%). Factor analysis identified 3 factors, accounting for 76% of total variance: “sadness-anhedonia” comprising apparent sadness, reported sadness, concentration difficulties, lassitude, inability to feel, pessimistic thoughts, and suicidal ideas; “anxiety” with reduced sleep and inner tension; and “vegetative symptoms” with reduced appetite. Conclusion: The MADRS has diagnostic utility in major depression in PD. The 3-factor structure of MADRS may help to understand the different dimensions of major depression and identify distinct symptom subgroups in this population.
Defining dignity in end-of-life care in the emergency department
Authors: Fernández-Sola Cayetano , Cortés María Mar Díaz , Hernández-Padilla José Manuel , Torres Cayetano José Aranda , Terrón José María Muñoz , Granero-Molina José 
Published: September 2015

Background: Respecting dignity is having a profound effect on the clinical relationship and the care framework for terminally ill patients in palliative care units, hospices and their own homes, with particular consequences for the emergency department. However, dignity is a vague and multifaceted concept that is difficult to measure. Objective: The aim of this study is to define the attributes of dignity in end-of-life care in the emergency department, based on the opinions of physicians and nurses. Research design: A hermeneutic phenomenological approach utilising Gadamer's philosophical underpinnings guided the study. Participants and research context: This research was conducted in Spain in 2013–2014. Participants included 10 physicians and 16 nurses with experience working in the emergency department. Two focus groups and 12 in-depth interviews were carried out. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the Research Centre Ethical Committee (Andalusian Health Service, Spain). Findings: The results point to the person's inherent value, socio-environmental conditions and conscious actions/attitudes as attributes of dignity when caring for a dying patient in the emergency department. Discussion: Dying with dignity is a basic objective in end-of-life care and is an ambiguous but relevant concept for physicians and nurses. In line with our theoretical framework, our results highlight care environment, professional actions and socio-family context as attributes of dignity. Conclusion: Quality care in the emergency department includes paying attention to the dignity of people in the process of death. The dignity in the care of a dying person in the emergency department is defined by acknowledging the inherent value in each person, socio-environmental conditions and social and individual acceptance of death. Addressing these questions has significant repercussions for health professionals, especially nurses.
Social Work Science and Knowledge Utilization
Authors: Marsh Jeanne C. , Reed Martena 
Published: September 2015

Objective: This article advances understanding of social work science by examining the content and methods of highly utilized or cited journal articles in social work. Methods: A data base of the 100 most frequently cited articles from 79 social work journals was coded and categorized into three primary domains: content, research versus nonresearch, and, for research articles only, method used. Results: Findings show that knowledge utilization occurs on a conceptual level (related to professional developments, theory, and service needs of specific populations) as well as an instrumental level (such as related to intervention effectiveness). Fifty-one percent of highly cited articles were empirical and, of these, 33% relied on descriptive methods, 45% on explanatory methods, and 22% on control methods used primarily to study intervention effectiveness. Conclusion: Operationalizing the utilization of scientific knowledge in terms of the demand for specific journal articles reveals the content and methodological domains that characterize extant social work science. Six strategies in research, practice, and education are proposed to advance the further development of social work science.
Psychological Interventions to Facilitate Employment Outcomes for Cancer Survivors
Authors: Fong Carlton J. , Murphy Kathleen M. , Westbrook John D. , Markle Minda M. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose: The objective was to examine experimental and quasi-experimental studies about interventions that (i) included behavioral, psychological, educational, or vocational components; (ii) involved cancer survivors aged 18 years or older; and (iii) assessed employment outcomes. Methods: The aims were both to describe the variety of interventions that have been studied using rigorous methods and to estimate intervention effects using systematic review and meta-analysis methodologies. Results: We found 12 studies evaluating the effects of psychosocial interventions on the employment of cancer survivors ( N = 2,151). Overall, there were positive effects on employment status but no evidence of an effect on hours worked and sick leave. Discussion: Despite the positive effect of psychosocial interventions, methodological shortcomings of the included studies overall make it likely that there was bias in the results and too few studies to provide sufficient evidence to recommend particular practices. This review brings attention to the need for additional rigorous studies.
Exploring the predictors of home telehealth uptake by elderly Australian healthcare consumers
Authors: Russell TG , Gillespie N , Hartley N , Theodoros D , Hill A , Gray L 
Published: September 2015

Background Despite the significant access and cost-saving potential of telehealth, the uptake of telehealth services in Australia has been sporadic. Understanding the factors that drive the uptake of home-telehealth services from the consumer perspective has received scant attention in the literature. Aim The aim of this study was to explore how a comprehensive set of factors may influence the intention of older Australians to adopt home telehealth services. Methods A survey of 306 Australians aged between 50 and 68 years was conducted to examine the influence of six categories of predictors on the intention of older Australians to adopt home telehealth: (a) demographics, (b) health status and usage, (c) mobility and ease of access to healthcare, (d) technology usage and anxiety with technology, (e) telehealth attitudes, and (f) personality traits. Results Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that significant predictors were: trust in telehealth (β = 0.35); the technology acceptance model (β = 0.27); healthcare habits (β = −0.20); dissatisfaction with traditional healthcare (β = 0.19) and online behaviors (β = 0.09). The model explained 63% of the variance in intention to adopt home telehealth. Conclusion This study is the first of its kind in Australia and provides valuable insight into the factors which impact consumer’s intention to adopt telehealth services.
The Contours of Green Human Resource Development
Authors: Scully-Russ Ellen 
Published: September 2015

The Problem Despite growing interest in the role of human resource development (HRD) in creating responsible and sustainable organizations, there is limited discussion on HRD’s potential contribution to new interdisciplinary approaches to creating a more sustainable connection between the environment and society, herein called the greening of society. Greening involves an entire community and its stakeholders, and not just the business organizations that garner attention in the HRD literature. The Solution This article introduces the issue by offering a conceptual framework for understanding HRD’s role in greening efforts. The article calls for the development of new HRD concepts, models, and empirical research to help address the mounting environmental challenges and risks to society. It also introduces the articles that launch a preliminary response to this call. The Stakeholders This article provides scholars, researchers including environmental researchers, and scholar-practitioners with current thinking around the notion of building responsible and sustainable environmental and social sustainability organizations and society. In addition, this article may be of interest to those concerned about environmental and social sustainability.
Communicating Climate Change Risk and Enabling Pro-Environmental Behavioral Change Through Human Resource Development
Authors: Sadler-Smith Eugene 
Published: September 2015

The Problem Climate change is the most pressing environmental issue of our times. The majority of reputable scientists are in agreement that it threatens dangerous and irreversible impacts on the whole-Earth system. The mitigation of its potential effects requires immediate, substantial, and sustained actions. The Solution This article proposes two ways in which human resource development (HRD) can contribute: first, through individual learning and development interventions; second, through organizational development and change. Furthermore, it is argued that organizational culture and individual agency have the potential to reciprocally enable or constrain pro-environmental behavioral change; hence to be effective, green HRD requires interventions both at the individual and the organizational levels. The Stakeholders HRD scholars, researchers, and practitioners may also be of interest to others involved in environmental sustainability and critical management studies.
Calculating evidence-based renal replacement therapy – Introducing an excel-based calculator to improve prescribing and delivery in renal replacement therapy – A before and after study
Authors: Cottle Daniel , Mousdale Stephen , Waqar-Uddin Haroon , Tully Redmond , Taylor Benjamin 
Published: September 2015

Background Transferring the theoretical aspect of continuous renal replacement therapy to the bedside and delivering a given “dose” can be difficult. In research, the “dose” of renal replacement therapy is given as effluent flow rate in ml kg−1 h−1. Unfortunately, most machines require other information when they are initiating therapy, including blood flow rate, pre-blood pump flow rate, dialysate flow rate, etc. This can lead to confusion, resulting in patients receiving inappropriate doses of renal replacement therapy. Our aim was to design an excel calculator which would personalise patient's treatment, deliver an effective, evidence-based dose of renal replacement therapy without large variations in practice and prolong filter life. Our calculator prescribes a haemodialfiltration dose of 25 ml kg−1 h−1 whilst limiting the filtration fraction to 15%. Methods We compared the episodes of renal replacement therapy received by a historical group of patients, by retrieving their data stored on the haemofiltration machines, to a group where the calculator was used. In the second group, the data were gathered prospectively. Results The median delivered dose reduced from 41.0 ml kg−1 h−1 to 26.8 ml kg−1 h−1 with reduced variability that was significantly closer to the aim of 25 ml kg−1.h−1 ( p < 0.0001). The median treatment time increased from 8.5 h to 22.2 h ( p = 0.00001). Conclusion Our calculator significantly reduces variation in prescriptions of continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration and provides an evidence-based dose. It is easy to use and provides personal care for patients whilst optimizing continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration delivery and treatment times.
Pituitary apoplexy in pregnancy: A case series and literature review
Authors: Grand'Maison Sophie , Weber Florence , Bédard Marie-Josée , Mahone Michele , Godbout Ariane 
Published: September 2015

Background Severe headache during pregnancy is a challenging condition that may rarely imply endocrine disturbances. Rapid recognition of pituitary apoplexy is needed to improve pregnancy outcome. Objective To review and compare maternal and fetal outcomes after pituitary apoplexy. Methods Four cases of pituitary apoplexy during pregnancy in our centre are reported and literature review covering the past 54 years was performed. Results In the four cases presented and the 33 reported in the literature, most women presented with severe headaches and systemic symptoms. Overall, 42% were treated surgically, 31% received bromocriptine or cabergoline and 61% were given hormone replacement. No major obstetrical complication was reported and all babies were healthy. Conclusion Pituitary apoplexy is a rare cause of sudden and severe headache during pregnancy. Rapid identification of this condition with potentially associated endocrine disturbances is important to ensure maternal and fetal well-being. A multidisciplinary team approach seems to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Lower Extremity Measure Into German
Authors: Goldhahn Sabine , Käch Kurt , Frei Hans Curd , Rudin Mark , Leimbacher Melanie , Platz Andreas 
Published: September 2015

Introduction: The Lower Extremity Measure (LEM) was developed to provide a specific instrument to detect changes in physical function in patients with hip fracture. Of 29 questions, 3 have a valid “not applicable” answer option. The goal of this study was to validate the LEM in German and to determine the added value to the physical functioning (pf) subscale of the Short Form 36 (SF-36). Materials and Methods: The LEM was translated according to published guidelines and administered to patients with hip fracture (31 A1-A3 and 31 B1-B3) shortly after surgery (baseline), at 3 months (3M), and for reliability testing at 3 months plus 1 week (3M+). The reproducibility, internal consistency, floor and ceiling effects, construct validity, and responsiveness of the German LEM were assessed. Results: A total of 106 patients completed the LEM and SF-36 (mean age 75.5; 67% women) at baseline (mean of 4.9 days after operation), and 88 completed both questionnaires at both the 3M and 3M+ assessments. At each assessment time point, between 6% and 23% of the patients answered 7 questions as “not applicable.” Reproducibility and internal consistency were high (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.93; Cronbach's α = .96). No floor effect (0%) and a minor ceiling effect (7.87%) were found for the total LEM score. The strongest correlation was found between the LEM and the SF-36 subscale pf (Spearman ρ = .93). Responsiveness was similar for the SF-36 pf subscale and the LEM when using effect size (SF-36 pf 0.71 vs LEM 0.72) and better for the LEM when using standardized response mean (SF-36 pf 0.65 vs LEM 0.76). Discussion: The German LEM is a reliable, valid, and responsive measure for the self-assessment of patients after hip fracture surgery. As a number of questions are not applicable to elderly patients, the added value of this lengthy questionnaire in these often frail, sometimes cognitively impaired patients is still open for debate.
Older Patients Are Immunocompromised by Cytokine Depletion and Loss of Innate Immune Function After HIP Fracture Surgery
Authors: Sutherland Alasdair G. , Cook Alistair , Miller Clare , Duncan Linda , Yuecel Raif , Heys Steven D. , Hutchison James D. , Liversidge Janet 
Published: September 2015

Purpose/Introduction: We have examined the immune status of elderly patients who underwent surgery for a hip fracture, an injury associated with poor postoperative outcomes, to identify specific immune defects. Methods: In a cohort observational study, 16 patients undergoing surgery for hip fractures had immune function evaluation prior to surgery, and then at 3 and 7 days postoperatively, using flow cytometry for phenotype and for monocyte and granulocyte phagocytic function and respiratory burst. Serum samples were stored and batch analyzed using a human cytokine 25-plex panel. Results: We report significant loss of innate immune function, related specifically to reduced granulocyte numbers by day 7 ( P < .0001, flow cytometry; P < .05 white blood cells), and although granulocyte ability to take up opsonized Escherichia coli was increased ( P < .05), the ability of those cells to generate a respiratory burst was reduced at days 3 and 7 ( P < .05). Monocyte respiratory burst was also significantly reduced ( P < .05). Serum cytokine levels indicated very poor T-cell function. Conclusion: We have demonstrated that the antimicrobial immune response is profoundly reduced after surgery in elderly patients with hip fractures. The effect was sustained up to 7 days postoperatively, identifying these patients as particularly vulnerable to bacterial infections.
Distal Insertions of the Biceps Femoris
Authors: Branch Eric A. , Anz Adam W. 
Published: September 2015

Background: Avulsion of the biceps femoris from the fibula and proximal tibia is encountered in clinical practice. While the anatomy of the primary posterolateral corner structures has been qualitatively and quantitatively described, a quantitative analysis regarding the insertions of the biceps femoris on the fibula and proximal tibia is lacking. Purpose: To quantitatively assess the insertions of the biceps femoris, fibular collateral ligament (FCL), and anterolateral ligament (ALL) on the fibula and proximal tibia as well as establish relationships among these structures and to pertinent surgical anatomy. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Dissections were performed on 12 nonpaired, fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens identifying the biceps femoris, FCL, and ALL, and their insertions on the proximal tibia and fibula. The footprint areas, orientations, and distances from relevant osseous landmarks were measured using a 3-dimensional coordinate measurement device. Results: Dissection produced 6 easily identifiable and reproducible anatomic footprints. Tibial footprints included the insertion of the ALL and an insertion of the biceps femoris (TBF). Fibular footprints included the insertion of the FCL, a distal insertion of the biceps femoris (DBF), a medial footprint of the biceps femoris (MBF), and a proximal footprint of the biceps femoris (PBF). The mean area of these footprints (95% CI) was as follows: ALL, 53.0 mm2 (38.4-67.6); TBF, 93.9 mm2 (72.0-115.8); FCL, 86.8 mm2 (72.3-101.2); DBF, 119 mm2 (91.1-146.9); MBF, 46.8 mm2 (29.0-64.5); and PBF, 215 mm2 (192.4-237.5). The mean distance (95% CI) from the Gerdy tubercle to the center of the ALL footprint was 24.3 mm (21.6-27.0) and to the center of the TBF was 22.5 mm (21.0-24.0). The center of the DBF was 8.68 mm (7.0-10.3) from the anterior border of the fibula, the center of the FCL was 14.6 mm (12.5-16.7) from the anterior border of the fibula and 20.7 mm (19.0-22.4) from the tip of the fibular styloid, and the center of the PBF was 8.96 mm (8.2-9.7) from the tip of the fibular styloid. Conclusion: A tibial footprint, distal fibular footprint, medial fibular footprint, and proximal fibular footprint were all consistent components of the insertion of the biceps femoris. Consistent relationships existed between the biceps femoris and insertions of the ALL and FCL. Clinical Relevance: The size of these footprints and distances from pertinent surgical landmarks will guide repairs of biceps femoris avulsion injuries.