bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enabling LiTFSI‐based Electrolytes for Safer Lithium‐Ion Batteries by Using Linear Fluorinated Carbonates as (Co)Solvent
Authors: Kalhoff Julian , Bresser Dominic , Bolloli Marco , Alloin Fannie , Sanchez Jean‐Yves , Passerini Stefano 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn this Full Paper we show that the use of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) as conducting salt in commercial lithium‐ion batteries is made possible by introducing fluorinated linear carbonates as electrolyte (co)solvents. Electrolyte compositions based on LiTFSI and fluorinated carbonates were characterized regarding their ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability towards oxidation and with respect to their ability to form a protective film of aluminum fluoride on the aluminum surface. Moreover, the investigation of the electrochemical performance of standard lithium‐ion anodes (graphite) and cathodes (Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2, NMC) in half‐cell configuration showed stable cycle life and good rate capability. Finally, an NMC/graphite full‐cell confirmed the suitability of such electrolyte compositions for practical lithium‐ion cells, thus enabling the complete replacement of LiPF6 and allowing the realization of substantially safer lithium‐ion batteries.
Energy and Chemicals from the Selective Electrooxidation of Renewable Diols by Organometallic Fuel Cells
Authors: Bellini Marco , Bevilacqua Manuela , Filippi Jonathan , Lavacchi Alessandro , Marchionni Andrea , Miller Hamish A. , Oberhauser Werner , Vizza Francesco , Annen Samuel P. , Grützmacher H. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractInvited for this month’s cover are the groups of Hansjörg Grützmacher at ETH in Zürich and Francesco Vizza at ICCOM‐CNR in Florence. The image shows in an allegoric form an organometallic fuel cell releasing energy and fine chemicals produced through the electrooxidation of renewable diols. The Communication itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201402316
I want it all and i want it now: Delay of gratification in preschool children
Authors: Imuta Kana , Hayne Harlene , Scarf Damian 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTOn the delay‐of‐gratification choice paradigm, 4‐year‐olds typically choose the larger, delayed reward, exhibiting delay of gratification, whereas 3‐year‐olds typically choose the small, immediate reward. Despite this highly replicated finding, the cognitive mechanism(s) underlying 3‐year‐olds' failure on the choice paradigm remain unclear. Recently, several researchers have proposed the involvement of the “hot” affective system and the “cool” cognitive system in pre‐schoolers' performance on the choice paradigm. Using this “hot” and “cool” systems framework, we tested 112 3‐ and 4‐year‐olds on a modified choice paradigm that was designed to help young children better utilize their “cool” system, allowing them to make more mindful and future‐oriented decisions. In the modified paradigm, 3‐year‐olds made choices consistent with those of 4‐year‐olds, exhibiting delay of gratification. These findings have important implications for previous theoretical accounts of 3‐year‐old children's failure to delay gratification. Additionally, they highlight the critical role that the method plays in young children's performance on cognitive paradigms. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 1541–1552, 2014.
A content analysis of weight stigmatization in popular television programming for adolescents
Authors: Eisenberg Marla E. , Carlson‐McGuire Ashley , Gollust Sarah E. , Neumark‐Sztainer Dianne 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study provides updated information regarding the prevalence and characteristics of weight stigma in popular adolescent television programming, using a sample of favorite shows named by diverse adolescents.MethodParticipants in a large, population‐based study of Minnesota adolescents (N = 2,793, mean age = 14.4) listed their top three favorite television shows. A coding instrument was developed to analyze randomly selected episodes from the most popular 10 programs. Weight‐stigmatizing incidents were compared across television show characteristics and characters' gender and weight status.ResultsHalf (50%) of the 30 episodes analyzed contained at least one weight‐stigmatizing incident. Both youth‐ and adult‐targeted shows contained weight‐stigmatizing comments, but the percent of these comments was much higher for youth‐targeted (55.6%) than general audience‐targeted shows (8.3%). Male characters were more likely than females to engage in (72.7% vs. 27.3%), and be the targets of, weight stigma (63.6% vs. 36.4%), and there was no difference in the amount of weight stigmatizing directed at average weight females compared to overweight females. Targets of these instances showed a negative response in only about one‐third of cases, but audience laughter followed 40.9% of cases.DiscussionThe portrayal of weight stigmatization on popular television shows—including targeting women of average weight—sends signals to adolescents about the wide acceptability of this behavior and the expected response, which may be harmful. Prevention of weight stigmatization should take a multi‐faceted approach and include the media. Future research should explore the impact that weight‐related stigma in television content has on viewers. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, (Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:759–766)
Globalization and eating disorder risk: Peer influence, perceived social norms, and adolescent disordered eating in Fiji
Authors: Gerbasi Margaret E. , Richards Lauren K. , Thomas Jennifer J. , Agnew‐Blais Jessica C. , Thompson‐Brenner Heather , Gilman Stephen E. , Becker Anne E. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe increasing global health burden imposed by eating disorders warrants close examination of social exposures associated with globalization that potentially elevate risk during the critical developmental period of adolescence in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). The study aim was to investigate the association of peer influence and perceived social norms with adolescent eating pathology in Fiji, a LMIC undergoing rapid social change.MethodWe measured peer influence on eating concerns (with the Inventory of Peer Influence on Eating Concerns; IPIEC), perceived peer norms associated with disordered eating and body concerns, perceived community cultural norms, and individual cultural orientations in a representative sample of school‐going ethnic Fijian adolescent girls (n = 523). We then developed a multivariable linear regression model to examine their relation to eating pathology (measured by the Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire; EDE‐Q).ResultsWe found independent and statistically significant associations between both IPIEC scores and our proxy for perceived social norms specific to disordered eating (both p < .001) and EDE‐Q global scores in a fully adjusted linear regression model.DiscussionStudy findings support the possibility that peer influence as well as perceived social norms relevant to disordered eating may elevate risk for disordered eating in Fiji, during the critical developmental period of adolescence. Replication and extension of these research findings in other populations undergoing rapid social transition—and where globalization is also influencing local social norms—may enrich etiologic models and inform strategies to mitigate risk. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:727–737)
Impaired left atrial function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Santos Angela B.S. , Kraigher‐Krainer Elisabeth , Gupta Deepak K. , Claggett Brian , Zile Michael R. , Pieske Burkert , Voors Adriaan A. , Lefkowitz Marty , Bransford Toni , Shi Victor , Packer Milton , McMurray John J.V. , Shah Amil M. , Solomon Scott D. ,   for the PARAMOUNT Investigators
Published: August 2014

AimsLeft atrial (LA) enlargement is present in the majority of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients and is a marker of risk. However, the importance of LA function in HFpEF is less well understood.Methods and resultsThe PARAMOUNT trial enrolled HFpEF patients (LVEF ≥45%, NT‐proBNP >400 pg/mL). We assessed LA reservoir, conduit, and pump function using two‐dimensional volume indices and speckle tracking echocardiography in 135 HFpEF patients in sinus rhythm at the time of echocardiography and 40 healthy controls of similar age and gender. Systolic LA strain was related to clinical characteristics and measures of cardiac structure and function. Compared with controls, HFpEF patients had worse LA reservoir, conduit, and pump function. The differences in systolic LA strain (controls 39.2 ± 6.6% vs. HFpEF 24.6 ± 7.3%) between groups remained significant after adjustments and even in the subsets of HFpEF patients with normal LA size or without a history of AF. Among HFpEF patients, lower systolic LA strain was associated with higher prevalence of prior HF hospitalization and history of AF, as well as worse LV systolic function, and higher LV mass and LA volume. However, NT‐proBNP and E/E′ were similar across the quartiles of LA function.ConclusionsIn this HFpEF cohort, we observed impairment in all phases of LA function, and systolic LA strain was decreased independent of LA size or history of AF. LA dysfunction may be a marker of severity and play a pathophysiological role in HFpEF.Trial registration: NCT00887588.
Super‐responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy remain at risk for ventricular arrhythmias and benefit from defibrillator treatment
Authors: van der Heijden Aafke C. , Höke Ulas , Thijssen Joep , Borleffs C. Jan Willem , van Rees Johannes B. , van der Velde Enno T. , Schalij Martin J. , van Erven Lieselot 
Published: August 2014

AimsMortality and ventricular arrhythmias are reduced in patients responding to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). This response is accompanied by improvement in LVEF, and some patients even outgrow original eligibility criteria for implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) implantation. It is however unclear if these patients still benefit from ICD treatment. The current study aimed to evaluate if the incidence of ICD therapy is related to the extent of CRT response.Methods and resultsAll patients who underwent primary prevention CRT‐defibrillator implantation were included. They were divided into subgroups according to the reduction in LV end‐systolic volume (LVESV) 6 months after implantation. Pre‐defined subgroups were: negative responders (increased LVESV), non‐responders (decreased LVESV 0–14%), responders (decreased LVESV 15–29%), and super‐responders (decreased LVESV ≥30%). During a median follow‐up of 57 months (25th–75th percentile 39–84), 512 patients were studied [101 (20%) negative responders, 101 (20%) non‐responders, 149 (29%) responders, and 161 (31%) super‐responders]. In the first year of follow‐up super‐responders received significantly less appropriate ICD therapy (3% vs. 12%; P < 0.001). The 5‐year cumulative incidence of appropriate ICD therapy was 31% [95% confidence interval (CI) 19–43] in negative responders, 39% (95% CI 25–53) in non‐responders, 34% (95% CI 25–43) in responders, and 27% (95% CI 18–35) in super‐responders, respectively (p = 0.13).ConclusionsThe extent of CRT response was associated with a parallel reduction of appropriate device therapy during the first year of follow‐up. Thereafter, no association was observed. Furthermore, 23% of super‐responders were treated for potentially life‐threatening arrhythmias and benefit from ICD treatment.
Properties and Reactivity of Conformationally Constrained Bicyclic Diarylprolinol Silyl Ethers as Organocatalysts
Authors: Lombardo Marco , Cerisoli Lucia , Manoni Elisabetta , Montroni Elisa , Quintavalla Arianna , Trombini Claudio 
Published: August 2014

AbstractBicyclic silyl ether derivatives 1, which are derived from simple chemical manipulations of trans‐4‐L‐hydroxyproline, were recently proposed, by us, as conformationally constrained analogues of Jørgensen–Hayashi's catalysts 2. Despite the structural similarities, 1 displays remarkable performance in iminium chemistry with respect to 2, but much lower reactivity in enamine chemistry. The peculiar structural features of 1 confer a pattern of reactivity between Jørgensen–Hayashi's catalysts and MacMillan's imidazolidinones.
More ubiquitous effects from non‐pharmacologic than from pharmacologic treatments for fibromyalgia syndrome: A meta‐analysis examining six core symptoms
Authors: Perrot S. , Russell I.J. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis study aimed to characterize and compare the efficacy profile on six fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) core symptoms associated with pharmacologic and non‐pharmacologic treatments. We screened PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library for FM articles from 1990 to September 2012 to analyse randomized controlled trials comparing pharmacologic or non‐pharmacologic treatments to placebo or sham. Papers including assessments of at least 2 of the 6 main FM symptom domains – pain, sleep disturbance, fatigue, affective symptoms (depression/anxiety), functional deficit and cognitive impairment – were selected for analysis. Studies exploring pharmacologic approaches (n = 21) were mainly dedicated to treating a small number of dimensions, mostly pain. They were of good quality but were not prospectively designed to simultaneously document efficacy for the management of multiple core FM symptom domains. Only amitriptyline demonstrated a significant effect on as many as three core FM symptoms, but it exhibited many adverse effects and was subject to early tachyphylaxis. Studies involving non‐pharmacologic approaches (n = 64) were typically of poorer quality but were more often dedicated to multidimensional targets. Pool therapy demonstrated significant effects on five symptom domains, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on four domains, balneotherapy on three domains and exercise, cognitive behaviour therapy and massage on two domains each. Differences between pharmacologic and non‐pharmacologic approaches may be related to different modes of action, tolerability profiles and study designs. Very few drugs in well‐designed clinical trials have demonstrated significant relief for multiple FM symptom domains, whereas non‐pharmacologic treatments with weaker study designs have demonstrated multidimensional effects. Future therapeutic trials for FM should prospectively examine each of the core domains and should attempt to combine pharmacologic and non‐pharmacologic therapies in well‐designed clinical trials.
Surface Changes at Platinized Platinum Based Hydrogen Gas Electrodes Following Use in Highly Saline Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Camões M. F. , Anes B. , Oliveira C. S. , Jorge M. E. Melo 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPlatinized platinum based hydrogen gas electrodes, Pt(Pt)|H2(g)|H+(aq), and silver‐silver chloride electrodes, Ag|AgCl|Cl− (aq), make up the Harned cell, without transfer, working in the potentiometric mode at Cl− concentrations and ionic strengths, I, below 0.1 mol kg−1, for assigning primary pH values to reference pH buffer solutions. This work reports on experiments performed at higher I and Cl− solutions up to 0.7 mol kg−1, aiming at addressing seawater conditions with results of equally high quality. In the course of measurements, the occasional occurrence of highly unstable potentials denoted electrode malfunction; Pt metal surfaces observed by SEM/EDS and XRD exhibit strong Ag and Cl peaks corresponding to the presence of AgCl crystals deposited at both surfaces.
Electrocatalytic Determination of Traces of Hydrazine by a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Palladium‐Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Shamsipur Mojtaba , Karimi Ziba , Tabrizi Mahmoud Amouzadeh , Shamsipur Ali 
Published: August 2014

AbstractA glassy carbon electrode modified with palladium/gold nanoparticles was successfully prepared by an electrodeposition process. It efficiently oxidizes hydrazine at a low overpotential of −0.26 V versus SCE. The Pd‐AuNPs with an average size of 50–80 nm are uniformly dispersed at the GCE. The Pd‐AuNPs/GCE was used for determination of hydrazine in phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.0. The amperometric current response of the electrode was increased linearly over a hydrazine concentration of 0.1–500 µM with a limit of detection of 0.07 µM .The prepared hydrazine sensor exhibited high sensitivity, good selectivity reproducibility and long term stability.
Lead Film Electrode Prepared with the Use of a Reversibly Deposited Mediator Metal in Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry of Nickel
Authors: Tyszczuk‐Rotko Katarzyna , Metelka Radovan , Vytřas Karel , Barczak Mariusz 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe paper presents the first report on application of a “hybrid” lead film electrode for the adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of Ni(II) in the presence of nioxime as a complexing agent. The strategy to create a “hybrid” electrode is based on the combination of ex situ and in situ plating methods and the use of a reversibly deposited mediator metal (Zn) for the lead film formation. The surface morphology of a new sensor was characterized by atomic force microscopy. The detection limit for Ni(II) obtained at 120 s of accumulation time was 3.9×10−11 mol L−1. The proposed method was validated for the determination of nickel in water certified reference materials with good results.
Carbonic anhydrase promoted absorption of CO2 into potassium carbonate solutions
Authors: Thee Hendy , Smith Kathryn H. , da Silva Gabriel , Kentish Sandra E. , Stevens Geoffrey W. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe effect of adding relatively small quantities of Novozymes NS81239 (NCA) carbonic anhydrase enzyme on the absorption of CO2 into a 30 wt% potassium carbonate solution has been investigated. Results demonstrated that at 40°C the addition of 2 μM NCA enhances the pseudo‐first‐order rate coefficient and thus the overall absorption process of CO2 into potassium carbonate solvents by around 30%. As the enzyme concentration is increased in the range of about 0 to 2 μM the enhancement increases according to a first order relationship, although further increasing the NCA concentration to 9 μM presented no greater catalytic effect than that from 2 μM. The rate coefficient for NCA catalyzed CO2 hydration measured in 30 wt% K2CO3 solution at 40°C in a wetted wall column is similar to that measured in dilute, neutral pH media at room temperature using stopped flow spectrophotometry. This work also demonstrates that, at a constant enzyme concentration, the overall absorption of CO2 into carbonate solvents increases with temperature from 40°C to 60°C, whereas above this range an increase in temperature proves to be counter‐productive.
Life‐cycle performance of natural gas power plants with pre‐combustion CO2 capture
Authors: Petrakopoulou Fontina , Iribarren Diego , Dufour Javier 
Published: August 2014

AbstractCO2 capture and storage involves technologies that separate, capture, and store CO2 from large facilities, such as fossil fuel power plants. Although it is a promising measure to meet environmental standards on carbon pollution, proposed technologies in power plants are energy demanding and decrease the energy generated per unit of input fuel when compared to business‐as‐usual scenarios. In this paper, we evaluate the environmental performance of two similarly structured combined‐cycle power plants with pre‐combustion capture. The first power plant performs methane steam reforming in an autothermal reformer, while the second plant uses a reactor that includes a hydrogen‐separating membrane. The two plants are compared both to one another and to a business‐as‐usual scenario using six environmental impact potentials (abiotic depletion, global warming, ozone layer depletion, photochemical oxidant formation, acidification, and eutrophication). The goal is to pinpoint environmental weaknesses and strengths of the two capture technologies. We find that the two plants result in similar impacts, decreasing the contribution to global warming of conventional operation but, at the same time, increasing other impacts, such as ozone layer depletion and photochemical oxidant formation. Additionally, the two capture plants result in higher cumulative non‐renewable and total energy demands, as well as in lower life‐cycle energy balances and efficiencies. The most direct measure to decrease the environmental impacts of the examined techniques would be to increase their efficiency, by decreasing the requirements of the processes in natural and energy resources.© 2014 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
The dynamic impact of repeated stress on the hippocampal spatial map
Authors: Tomar Anupratap , Polygalov Denis , Chattarji Sumantra , McHugh Thomas J. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTStress alters the function of many physiological processes throughout the body, including in the brain. A neural circuit particularly vulnerable to the effects of stress is the hippocampus, a key component of the episodic and spatial memory system in both humans and rodents. Earlier studies have provided snapshots of morphological, molecular, physiological and behavioral changes in the hippocampus following either acute or repeated stress. However, the cumulative impact of repeated stress on in vivo hippocampal physiology remains unexplored. Here we report the stress‐induced modulation of the spatially receptive fields of the hippocampal CA1 ‘place cells’ as mice explore familiar and novel tracks after 5 and 10 days of immobilization stress. We find that similar to what has been observed following acute stress, five days of repeated stress results in decreased excitability of CA1 pyramidal cells. Following ten days of chronic stress, however, this decreased hippocampal excitability is no longer evident, suggesting adaptation may have occurred. In addition to these changes in neuronal excitability, we find deficient context discrimination, wherein both short‐term and chronic stress impair the ability of the hippocampus to unambiguously distinguish novel and familiar environments. These results suggest that a loss of network flexibility may underlie some of the behavioral deficits accompanying chronic stress. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ubiquitin‐activating enzyme is necessary for 17β‐estradiol‐induced breast cancer cell proliferation and migration
Authors: Pesiri Valeria , Totta Pierangela , Marino Maria , Acconcia Filippo 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe sex steroid hormone 17β‐estradiol (E2) regulates breast cancer (BC) cell proliferation and migration through the activation of a plethora of signal transduction cascades (e.g., PI3K/AKT activation) starting after E2 binding to the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). The activity of the ubiquitin (Ub)‐system modulates many physiological processes (e.g., cell proliferation and migration), and recently, a specific inhibitor (Pyr‐41) of the Ub‐activating enzyme (E1), which works as the activator of the Ub‐based signaling, has been identified to prevent the functions of the Ub‐system. Here, by using Pyr‐41, we studied the involvement of the Ub‐system in E2‐induced signaling to proliferation and migration of BC cells. Our data indicate that E1 activity is involved in the E2:ERα signaling important for cell proliferation and migration through the modulation of the E2‐evoked activation of the PI3K/AKT and the p38/MAPK pathways. These discoveries indicate a new molecular circuitry that can be further explored to define new opportunities for BC treatment. © 2014 IUBMB Life, 66(8):578–585, 2014