bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does adding parent education and workforce training to Head Start promote or interfere with children's development?
Authors: Sabol Terri J. , Chor Elise , Sommer Teresa Eckrich , Tighe Lauren A. , Chase‐Lansdale P. Lindsay , Morris Amanda Sheffield , Brooks‐Gunn Jeanne , Yoshikawa Hirokazu , King Christopher 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study explores the effects of the two‐generation program CareerAdvance—which combines education and training for parents in healthcare with Head Start for children—on children's academic, language, mathematics, and inhibitory control followed for 3 years. The sample (collected in Tulsa, Oklahoma from 2011 to 2018) includes 147 children in the CareerAdvance group and 139 children in a matched comparison group (n = 286; 40% Black, 17%, White, 10% Hispanic, 33% Mixed Race, or Other Race; M = 3.6 years old; 47% female). Overall, the effect of CareerAdvance on child outcomes is neither greater nor less than Head Start alone. These findings suggest that children's developmental outcomes do not worsen or improve in the short term when their parents return to school.
Dupilumab: Mechanism of action, clinical, and translational science
Authors: McCann Marc R. , Kosloski Matthew P. , Xu Christine , Davis John D. , Kamal Mohamed A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAllergic disease prevalence has increased globally with the subset of type 2 inflammatory diseases playing a substantial role. Type 2 inflammatory diseases may differ in clinical presentation, but they exhibit shared pathophysiology that is targeted by the unique pharmacology of dupilumab. Dupilumab binds to the interleukin (IL)‐4 receptor alpha subunit (IL‐4Rα) that blocks IL‐4 and IL‐13 signaling, two key drivers of type 2 inflammation. Herein, we review the mechanism of action and pharmacology of dupilumab, and the clinical evidence that led to the regulatory approvals of dupilumab for the treatment of numerous type 2 inflammatory diseases: atopic dermatitis, asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and prurigo nodularis.
Cellular and molecular landscape of primary dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: Insights from single‐cell RNA sequencing analysis
Authors: Peng Rui , Li Yingyi , Gao Yumei , Chen Dian , Li Zhenghui , Zhao Yi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare cutaneous sarcoma characterized by the COL1A1‐PDGFB fusion gene. This study utilized single‐cell RNA sequencing to dissect the cellular and molecular landscape of primary DFSP. Distinct DFSP cell clusters, exhibiting fibroblast‐like traits, revealed variations in pathways associated with proliferation, inflammation and metabolism. Differential gene expression analysis during the differentiation from tumour stem cells to DFSP cells unveiled SMOC2, DCN and TGFBR3 as potential regulators of tumour invasion and immune infiltration through VEGF/TGF‐β signalling modulation. Cellular communication analysis highlighted interactions within DFSP cell clusters and with endothelial cells, implicating molecules such as NAMPT, ANGPT2 and PTN in pathogenesis and treatment resistance. These findings offer insights into DFSP intratumour heterogeneity, elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying tumour behaviour, and suggest potential therapeutic targets.
Genetic polymorphisms to identify patients with an optimal response to tildrakizumab in psoriasis patients from real‐life clinical practice
Authors: Butrón‐Bris B. , Llamas‐Velasco M. , Ovejero‐Benito M. C. , Santos‐Juanes J. , Martínez‐López A. , Ruiz‐Villaverde R. , Roustan G. , Baniandrés O. , Izu‐Belloso R. , de la Cueva P. , Sahuquillo‐Torralba A. , Gónzalez‐Quesada A. , Vilarrasa‐Rull E. , Pujol‐Montcusí J. , García‐Martínez J. , Navares M. , Palomar‐Moreno I. , Novalbos J. , Abad‐Santos F. , Daudén E. , de la Fuente H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDetecting the association of genetic variants to the response of biological therapy represents an important advance in developing a personalized therapy. The aim of this work was to study the association of polymorphisms with an optimal response to tildrakizumab in patients with psoriasis in a real‐life clinical practice. Ninety patients with plaque psoriasis recruited from—Spanish hospitals receiving tildrakizumab for at least 24 weeks were genotyped for 180 polymorphisms. Optimal response to tildrakizumab was evaluated by absolute PASI ≤1 at 6 and 12 months. Polymorphisms corrected for weight and disease duration with an FDR <0.15 were included in a multiple regression model. Sixty three percent of patients achieved an absolute PASI ≤1 at 6 months, while 71% did so after 12 months. Disease duration (>27 years) and weight (>76 kg) were associated with treatment response; after correcting by these factors, no association (FDR >0.15) was found for any polymorphism and response to tildrakizumab at 6 months. The analysis at 12 months identified the genotype GG for rs610604 (TNFAIP3), CT for rs9373839 (ATG5), and delCTGT/delCTGT for rs72167053 (PDE4D) as risk factors to not achieve an optimal response (PASI ≤1), while CT for rs708567 (IL17RC) was protective, independently of weight and disease duration (FDR <0.15). The final multivariable model at 12 months showed an AUC of 0.90 (95% CI 0.82 to −0.98). We identified a set of polymorphisms that could be helpful to identify psoriatic patients with an optimal response to tildrakizumab at 12 months in real‐world practice conditions.
Time series modeling of coastal fishery landings on the Southwestern Atlantic shelf: Influence of environmental drivers
Authors: Compaire Jesus C. , Acha E. Marcelo , Moreira Diego , Simionato Claudia G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTime‐series modeling of fisheries provides insights into stock tendencies and enables short‐term forecasting of landings, aiding decision makers in establishing management priorities. The Rio de la Plata Estuary and its maritime front sustain valuable fisheries for Argentina and Uruguay, with striped weakfish (Cynoscion guatucupa), whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri), and Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) historically representing highest catches. However, their landings have declined in recent decades. To support resource management, we investigated the effectiveness of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models in capturing fishery landing dynamics and providing reliable short‐term predictions. The best models exhibited a good fit and accurately captured the overall trends of landings. Residual variability unaccounted for by the model was analyzed in relation to time‐lagged environmental conditions. A wavelet coherence analysis was employed to examine the effect of the most significant variables on landings. Results revealed that environmental conditions affect differentially landings of each species as a result of their particular ecological traits. Turbidity and salinity affected mainly M. furnieri, which inhabits the innermost part of the estuary. Additionally, C. guatucupa, inhabiting the outer estuary and coastal region, exhibited a stronger association with river runoff compared to M. hubbsi, which inhabits the continental shelf. This study provides the first evidence of ARIMA models' reliability in representing the temporal evolution of catch in these fisheries, offering valuable tools for short‐term landings forecasting and facilitating sustainable management. Wavelet analysis findings will also contribute to enhancing our comprehension of trends in the correlation between environmental conditions and commercial landings.
Inference on noncooperative entry deterrence
Authors: Mizuta Seiichiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study empirically investigates strategic entry‐deterrence behavior under oligopolistic competition. I develop a structural econometric model describing incumbents' entry‐deterrence behavior based on the framework of Gilbert and Vives. I show theoretically that incumbents' marginal costs are interval‐identified under the assumption that incumbents deter entry in equilibrium. The structural model is estimated using data from the Japanese aluminum smelting industry. A Vuong‐type model selection test utilizing an instrument demonstrates that the entry‐deterrence model is more consistent with the data than an ordinary Cournot competition model without entry threats.
Reducing turnaround time for routine outpatient biochemical tests through Lean Six Sigma: A case study in China
Authors: Zhao Xinzhe , Qin Xiaoping , Miao Yuli 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundRoutine clinical biochemistry tests are crucial for clinical diagnostics and play a key role in enhancing outpatient turnover efficiency and patient satisfaction. This study aimed to implement Lean Six Sigma in the biochemistry laboratory of a hospital in China to improve efficiency and quality by reducing turnaround time.MethodsThe study was conducted from January to December 2023, using the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) framework, and employed tools such as the voice of the customer, Value Stream Mapping, ‘5 whys’ technique, Nominal Group Technique, and Pareto chart.ResultsThe turnaround time for outpatient routine clinical biochemistry tests was reduced from 139 min to 58 min (p < 0.05), effectively increasing both patient and physician satisfaction.ConclusionsLean Six Sigma aimed to reduce the turnaround time for biochemical tests have significant advantages. This study confirms the effectiveness of Lean Six Sigma in a Chinese clinical laboratory setting and provides guidance for optimizing efficiency in global clinical laboratories with limited implementation experience, constrained technical and equipment resources, and high demand for medical diagnostics.
Stress analysis of mandibular Kennedy class I partial overdenture submitted to different implant length and clasp designs – An in vitro study
Authors: Mahross Hamada Z. , Atito Ehab M. , Mansour Mamdouh M. , Badr Wesam E. , Osman Mohamed S. , Quassem Mohamed A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo analyze the distribution of stresses for mandibular Kennedy class I removable partial overdentures submitted to different implant lengths and clasp designs.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐seven heat‐cured acrylic resin casts with a uniform soft acrylic layer were constructed from models representing the mandibular Kennedy class I removable partial denture with the first premolars terminal abutment on both sides. The casts were grouped into a control group, group I, and group II with three casts of each for designing a different clasp on the last abutment with Rest, Proximal plate, Aker circumferential (RPA), Rest, Proximal plate, I‐bar (RPI), and wrought wire (WW). All casts were submitted to vertical load for stress analysis after preparing channels at the buccal/distal surface of abutments, the crest of the ridge, and the buccal/lingual of the implant for placement of uniaxial strain gauges that can convert the electro‐signals to micro‐strain by using the software. Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality test, independent t‐test, and one‐way anlysis of Variance (ANOVA) test followed by Tukey`s Post Hoc for multiple comparisons test were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe control group results revealed more significant stresses on the ridge with RPA and RPI clasps but on the abutment with WW clasp as P < 0.05. In group I, the ridge was significantly stressed more than the implant followed by the abutment when the RPA clasp was used while there was insignificance on the implant with RPA and RPI as p > 0.05. In group II, the stresses were more on the abutment with RPA, RPI, and WW clasps followed by lower on the implant and lowest on the ridge.ConclusionsProper implant and clasp type selection are critical for stress distribution on the ridge, abutment, and implant when using removable partial overdenture. The stresses on longer implants are tolerated and more widely distributed than shorter ones.
On the robustness of reciprocal associations between personality and religiosity in a German sample
Authors: Lucas Richard E. , Rohrer Julia M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveEntringer et al. used longitudinal data from a German panel study to examine reciprocal causal effects between personality and religiosity, along with cultural moderators of these effects. The current paper examines the robustness of the original effects to alternative model specifications.MethodWe reanalyzed the same four‐wave data spanning 12 years (total N = 46,316), first replicating the original cross‐lagged panel analyses and then extending these analyses in three ways: Using a random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel model, using observed rather than latent variables, and modeling each trait individually rather than simultaneously.ResultsCorrelations between personality and religiosity were all small in size, even when aggregating over 12 years. Lagged effects were very small, and none was robust across all model specifications. Cultural moderators also depended on model specifications.ConclusionsThe very small size of these reciprocal effects, along with their sensitivity to model specifications, suggest that conclusions about causal effects of personality and religiosity should be drawn very cautiously.
Curcumin, a plant polyphenol with multiple physiological functions of improving antioxidation, anti‐inflammation, immunomodulation and its application in poultry production
Authors: Zhang Jingyang , Zhang Ruoshi , Jin Sanjun , Feng Xingjun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFinding environmentally friendly, effective and residue‐free alternatives to antibiotics has become a research priority. This is due to the ban on antibiotics in animal feed. Curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of turmeric that has antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Curcumin has been widely demonstrated as a traditional flavoured agent and herbal medicine in the fight against diseases. In recent years, curcumin has been extensively studied in animal production, especially in poultry production. This article reviews the source, structure, metabolism and biological functions of curcumin and focuses on the application of curcumin in poultry production. In terms of production performance, curcumin can improve the growth performance of poultry, increase the egg production rate of laying hens and alleviate the negative effects of heat stress on the production performance of poultry and livestock. In terms of meat quality, curcumin can improve poultry meat quality by regulating lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity. In terms of health, curcumin can improve immunity. Since mycotoxins have been a major problem in poultry production, this article also reviews the role of curcumin in helping poultry resist toxins. It is hoped that the review in this article can provide a concrete theoretical basis and research ideas for the research and application of curcumin in the field of poultry.
Machine learning uncovers manganese as a key nutrient associated with reduced risk of steatotic liver disease
Authors: Schophaus Simon , Creasy Kate Townsend , Koop Paul‐Henry , Clusmann Jan , Jaeger Julius , Punnuru Varnitha , Koch Alexander , Trautwein Christian , Loomba Rohit , Luedde Tom , Schneider Kai Markus , Schneider Carolin V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects approximately 20%–30% of the general population and is linked to high‐caloric western style diet. However, there are little data that specific nutrients might help to prevent steatosis.MethodsWe analysed the UK Biobank (ID 71300) 24 h‐nutritional assessments and investigated the association between nutrient intake calculated from food questionnaires and hepatic steatosis indicated by imaging or ICD10‐coding. The effect of manganese (Mn) on subgroups with risk single nucleotide polymorphism carriage as well as the effect on metabolomics was investigated. All analyses are corrected for age, sex, body mass index, Townsend index for socioeconomic status, kcal, alcohol, protein intake, fat intake, carbohydrate intake, energy from beverages, diabetes, physical activity and for multiple testing.ResultsWe used a random forest classifier to analyse the feature importance of 63 nutrients and imaging‐proven steatosis in a cohort of over 25 000 UK Biobank participants. Increased dietary Mn intake was associated with a lower likelihood of MRI‐diagnosed steatosis. Subsequently, we conducted a cohort study in over 200 000 UK Biobank participants to explore the relationship between Mn intake and hepatic or cardiometabolic outcomes and found that higher Mn intake was associated with a lower risk of ICD‐10 coded steatosis (OR = .889 [.838–.943], p < .001), independent of other potential confounders.ConclusionOur study provides evidence that higher Mn intake may be associated with lower odds of steatosis in a large population‐based sample. These findings underline the potential role of Mn in the prevention of steatosis, but further research is needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Regional diversity and leaf microbiome interactions of the fungal maize pathogen Exserohilum turcicum in Switzerland: A metagenomic analysis
Authors: Vidal‐Villarejo Mireia , Dößelmann Bianca , Kogler Benedikt , Hammerschmidt Michael , Oppliger Barbara , Oppliger Hans , Schmid Karl 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe spread and adaptation of fungal plant pathogens in agroecosystems are facilitated by environmental homogeneity. Metagenomic sequencing of infected tissues allowed us to monitor eco‐evolutionary dynamics and interactions between host, pathogen and plant microbiome. Exserohilum turcicum, the causal agent of northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) in maize, is distributed in multiple clonal lineages throughout Europe. To characterize regional pathogen diversity, we conducted metagenomic DNA sequencing on 241 infected leaf samples from the highly susceptible Swiss maize landrace Rheintaler Ribelmais, collected over 3 years (2016–2018) from an average of 14 agricultural farms within the Swiss Rhine Valley. All major European clonal lineages of E. turcicum were identified. Lineages differ by their mating types which indicates potential for sexual recombination and rapid evolution of new pathogen strains, although we found no evidence of recent recombination. The associated eukaryotic and prokaryotic leaf microbiome exhibited variation in taxonomic diversity between years and locations and is likely influenced by local weather conditions. A network analysis revealed distinct clusters of eukaryotic and prokaryotic taxa that correlates with the frequency of E. turcicum sequencing reads, suggesting causal interactions. Notably, the yeast genus Metschnikowia exhibited a strongly negative association with E. turcicum, supporting its known potential as biological control agent against fungal pathogens. Our findings show that metagenomic sequencing is a useful tool for analysing the role of environmental factors and potential pathogen–microbiome interactions in shaping pathogen dynamics and evolution, suggesting their potential for effective pathogen management strategies.
Helping athletes to select botanical supplements for the right reasons: A comparison of self‐reported reasons for use versus evidence‐based supplement claims
Authors: McDaid Bridin , Wardenaar Floris C. , Woodside Jayne V. , Neville Charlotte E. , Tobin David , Madigan Sharon M. , Nugent Anne P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUse of food supplements (FS) by athletes is well characterised but there is little information on ‘herbal’ or ‘botanical’ FS beyond ‘natural’. This study determined, by questionnaire, whether athletes' main self‐reported reason for using FS was reflective of what was written on product labels or, when these claims were unavailable, was in accordance with the scientific literature. In 217 elite (n = 55) and amateur (n = 162) athletes living on the island of Ireland, 71% (n = 153) consumed any kind of FS, with 16% (n = 34) of the entire cohort deemed botanical consumers. ‘Protein’ (21%, n = 46), ‘vitamin D’ (17%, n = 37) and ‘vitamin C’ (15% n = 32) were most consumed with the top reasons for use being ‘to support health’, ‘to prevent illness/for immunity purposes’ and ‘recovery’. There was generally good agreement between approved nutrition and health claims for such products and athletes' main reported reasons for use. Only the amateur athletes in our pool described using botanical supplements, with reasons for use stated as ‘sleep improvement’ (21%), ‘recovery’ (14%), ‘supporting health’ (12%) and ‘energy’ (12%), resulting in poor agreement with either approved claims or scientific evidence. Only half of amateur athletes knew if their botanical FS were third‐party tested. Athletes and practitioners require guidance to avoid consuming supplements for which there is little scientific evidence, and which may risk being contaminated/fraudulent.
High myopia: Reviews of myopia control strategies and myopia complications
Authors: Shah Rakhee , Vlasak Natalia , Evans Bruce J. W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundMyopia and especially high myopia are recognised as major public health concerns. Although the prevalence of high myopia in young children is low, 10–20% of high school children in Asia have high myopia, with many still progressing, and one in three patients with high myopia develop visual impairment with age. Most participants in myopia control studies have low and moderate myopia; relatively little is known about myopia control in high myopia.MethodLiterature searches were undertaken in MEDLINE and EMBASE to identify publications in English, investigating (Aim 1) the efficacy of myopia control strategies (environmental, pharmacological and optical) in high myopia (≤−6.00 D) and (Aim 2) the complications of high myopia using keywords. Outcomes included change in spherical equivalent refractive error (SE) and/or axial length (AL) to evaluate progression in high myopia.ResultsAim 1: Twelve studies were identified that reported the efficacy of optical and pharmacological (none on environmental) interventions on AL and SE for high myopia control. A statistically significant reduction in progression of SE and AL in high myopes was reported with 1% and 0.5% atropine. Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segment spectacle lenses had lower efficacy in slowing high myopia progression compared to moderate and low myopia. Ortho‐K lenses were equally effective in reducing myopia progression in low, moderate and high myopia. Aim 2: Myopic patients have an increased risk of myopic macular degeneration, retinal detachment, cataract and glaucoma, with the risk increasing with the level of myopia.ConclusionsHigh myopia has significant effects on quality of life, risk of pathological complications and vision impairment. Young children, excluding those with some syndromic associations, who are fast progressing moderate and high myopes require early intervention and close monitoring. Further research investigating the efficacy of myopia control strategies in highly myopic patients, both independently and through combination treatments, are necessary.