bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise in Muscle Pain Disorders
Authors: Thompson Jeffrey M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMuscle pain disorders range from local or regional (myofascial pain) to widespread (fibromyalgia). Many people with muscle pain have decreased fitness. Exercise intolerance is a common feature as well, and yet exercise plays an important role in the treatment of muscle pain disorders. Results of studies have shown repeatedly, via multiple modes and methods of delivery, that exercise is at least as effective as the best pharmacologic treatments. An understanding by clinicians and their patients of the unique benefits of a carefully crafted exercise program is one step in the successful management of these often frustrating muscle pain disorders.
Exercise and Sport for Persons With Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Martin Ginis Kathleen A. , Jörgensen Sophie , Stapleton Jessica 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis review article provides an overview of the evidence that links exercise and sports participation to physical and psychological well‐being among people with spinal cord injury. Two aspects of physical well‐being are examined, including the prevention of chronic disease and the promotion of physical fitness. Multiple aspects of psychosocial well‐being are discussed, including mental health, social participation, and life satisfaction. The review concludes with future research recommendations and a discussion of challenges and opportunities for using exercise and sports to promote health and well‐being among people living with spinal cord injury.
Short-term laryngeal electromyography and histopathological findings after primary reconstruction of the inferior laryngeal nerve in rabbits: prospective study
Authors: Dalgic A , Kandogan T , Koc M , Kulan C Ahmet , Yagci A , Engin O , Aksoy G , Ozuer M Ziya 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIntroduction:The recurrent laryngeal nerve can be injured during surgery. This study investigated recurrent laryngeal nerve reinnervation.Objective:To study the short-term effects of primary anastomosis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, by laryngeal electromyography and histopathological analysis, in a rabbit model.Method:Twenty Zealand rabbits underwent either right recurrent laryngeal nerve (1) transection with excision of 1 cm or (2) transection and end-to-end primary anastomosis. Vocal fold movements, laryngeal electromyography results and histological changes were recorded.Results:Vocal fold analysis showed a paramedian vocal fold in both groups, with perceptible vibratory movements in group two. Electromyography revealed total denervation potentials in group one, but denervation and regeneration signs in group two. Histopathologically, hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis of the vocal fold mucosa were seen in group one, and signs of parakeratosis and hyperplasia in group two.Conclusion:Even under ideal conditions for primary recurrent laryngeal nerve anastomosis, a return to normal muscle function is unlikely. However, such anastomosis prevents muscle atrophy, and should be performed as soon as possible. The degree of nerve recovery is associated with the number, amplitude and myelination level of fibrils returning to the original motor end-plaque.
Traditional prejudice remains outside of the WEIRD world
Authors: Bilewicz Michal 
Published: November 2012

AbstractDixon et al. accurately describe subtle mechanisms of discrimination that inhibit minorities' collective action in modern democratic societies. This commentary suggests that in contemporary non-Western societies, where ethnic conflicts are more violent, traditional overt forms of prejudice still exist and predict discrimination of ethnic and racial minorities. Thus, prejudice reduction models should and do improve intergroup relations in such contexts.
From extreme emotions to extreme actions: Explaining non-normative collective action and reconciliation
Authors: Feddes Allard R. , Mann Liesbeth , Doosje Bertjan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA key argument of Dixon et al. in the target article is that prejudice reduction through intergroup contact and collective action work in opposite ways. We argue for a complementary approach focusing on extreme emotions to understand why people turn to non-normative collective action and to understand when and under what conditions extreme emotions may influence positive effects of contact on reconciliation.
Faustian bargains for minorities within group-based hierarchies
Authors: Navarrete C. David , McDonald Melissa M. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA dual-audience signaling problem framework provides a deeper understanding of the perpetuation of group-based inequality. We describe a model of underachievement among minority youth that posits a necessary trade-off between academic success and peer social support that creates a dilemma not typically encountered by nonminorities. Preliminary evidence consistent with the approach is discussed. Such strategic agent perspectives complement the psychological approach put forth by Dixon et al., but with minimal ancillary assumptions.
Consumer Valuation of Environmentally Friendly Production Practices in Wines, considering Asymmetric Information and Sensory Effects
Authors: Schmit Todd M. , Rickard Bradley J. , Taber John 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAgricultural producers and food marketers are increasingly responding to environmentally friendly cues from consumers, even though privately appropriated values associated with a range of food products commonly rank above their public‐good counterparts. Wine can be considered an ideal product to examine these issues given consumers’ highly subjective sensory preferences towards wine, and a winegrape production process that is relatively intensive in the use of chemical inputs for the control of disease and infection. Semi‐dry Riesling wines made from field research trials following environmentally friendly canopy management practices were utilised in a lab experiment to better understand preferences for environmental attributes in wine. A combined sensory and monetary evaluation framework explicitly considered asymmetric order effects. Empirical results revealed that sensory effects dominate extrinsic environmental attributes. Once consumer willingness to pay (WTP) was conditioned on a wine’s sensory attributes, the addition of environmentally friendly information did not affect their WTP; however, adding sensory information significantly influenced WTP initially based only on environmental attributes. The results confirm the idea that promoting environmentally friendly winegrape production practices would increase demand and lead to higher premiums for the products, but are only sustainable if consumers’ sensory expectations are met on quality.
Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for SCID patients: where do we stand?
Authors: Cavazzana‐Calvo Marina , André‐Schmutz Isabelle , Fischer Alain 
Published: November 2012

SummarySevere combined immunodeficiencies (SCIDs) correspond to the most severe form of primary immunodeficiency. The extreme severity of the clinical presentation in SCID has legitimately led physicians to consider these conditions as medical emergencies. Hundreds of patients worldwide have undergone allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCST) in the last 40 years. The complete absence of the T cell compartment in SCID prompted the development (starting in the early 1980s) of haploidentical, parental HSCT for the many patients who do not have a human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐identical sibling. Despite the undeniable progress made in this field over recent years, the long‐lasting immunodeficiency that follows partially HLA‐incompatible transplantation is still responsible for a mortality rate of 30% at one year post‐transplantation. New approaches for reconstituting T cell compartments more rapidly are under intense preclinical development and are discussed herein.
Stable human brain microvascular endothelial cell line retaining its barrier‐specific nature independent of the passage number
Authors: Sano Yasuteru , Kashiwamura Yoko , Abe Masaaki , Dieu Le‐Ha , Huwyler Jörg , Shimizu Fumitaka , Haruki Hiroyo , Maeda Toshihiko , Saito Kazuyuki , Tasaki Ayako , Kanda Takashi 
Published: November 2012

AbstractObjectivesThe breakdown of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) has been considered to be a key step in the disease process of a number of neuroimmunological disorders. Although severalin vitroBBBmodels derived from human tissues have been established, no human conditionally immortalizedin vitroBBBmodels using a temperature‐sensitiveSV40‐Tantigen (tsA58) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) have ever been reported. In the present study, we established a new human brain microvascular endothelial cell line harboringtsA58andhTERTgenes, and extensively characterized this new model.MethodsTY08 cells, derived from the humanBBBand harboringtsA58, were infected with retroviruses possessinghTERTgenes. We examined whether this new model retains its barrier‐specific nature, independent of the passage number.ResultsThe obtained endothelial cell line, termedTY09, proliferated well under the permissive temperature and stopped growing under the non‐permissive temperature, despite the acquisition ofhTERTas an additional immortalizing gene. Even with a high‐passage number, the cells maintained a spindle‐shaped morphology, the expression of the vonWillebrand factor, tight junction proteins and transporters. Furthermore, we carried out a transendothelial transport study forTY09 cells and hCMEC/D3 cells, thereby proving that both cell lines have almost the same nature with respect to transcellular permeability of various hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances.ConclusionsThe new stable conditionally immortalizedTY09 cells, retaining thein vivoBBBfunctions, should facilitate the performance of future studies for determining the pathophysiology of various neuroimmunological diseases.
Echocardiography and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance‐Based Feature Tracking in the Assessment of Myocardial Mechanics in Tetralogy of Fallot: An Intermodality Comparison
Authors: Padiyath Asif , Gribben Paul , Abraham Joseph R. , Li Ling , Rangamani Sheela , Schuster Andreas , Danford David A. , Pedrizzetti Gianni , Kutty Shelby 
Published: November 2012

We investigated intermodality agreements of strains from two‐dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) feature tracking (FT) in the assessment of right (RV) and left ventricular (LV) mechanics in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Patients were prospectively studied with 2DE and CMR performed contiguously. LV and RV strains were computed separately using 2DE and CMR‐FT. Segmental and global longitudinal strains (GLS) for the LV and RV were measured from four‐chamber views; LV radial (global radial strain [GRS]) and circumferential strains (GCS) measured from short‐axis views. Intermodality and interobserver agreements were examined. In 40 patients (20 TOF, mean age 23 years and 20 adult controls), LV, GCS showed narrowest intermodality limits of agreement (mean percentage error 9.5%), followed by GLS (16.4%). RV GLS had mean intermodality difference of 25.7%. GLS and GCS had acceptable interobserver agreement for the LV and RV with both 2DE and CMR‐FT, whereas GRS had high interobserver and intermodality variability. In conclusion, myocardial strains for the RV and LV derived using currently available 2DE and CMR‐FT software are subject to considerable intermodality variability. For both modalities, LV GCS, LV GLS, and RV GLS are reproducible enough to warrant further investigation of incremental clinical merit.
Cross‐cultural adaptation and linguistic validation of age‐group‐specific haemophilia patient‐reported outcome (PRO) instruments for patients and parents
Authors: von Mackensen S. , Campos I. G. , Acquadro C. , Strandberg‐Larsen M. 
Published: November 2012

SummaryCurrently, haemophilia care aims to provide the best possible quality of life for individuals living with this chronic disease. Many factors are known to influence treatment adherence, including treatment satisfaction. Health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and treatment satisfaction are, therefore, important outcomes in clinical trials and clinical practice. As individuals' perception of their well‐being often differs from that of their physician, it is recommended that self‐report instruments are used to assess patient‐reported outcomes (PROs). The way that the impact of haemophilia is perceived by the patient and their family can be different, so it is important to assess how parents perceive the impact on their children. A series of PRO instruments have been developed, adapted to different age groups and parents of patients with haemophilia. To allow the instruments to be used internationally, culturally adapted and linguistically validated translations have been developed; some instruments have been translated into 61 languages. Here, we report the process used for cultural adaptation of the Haemo‐QoL, Haem‐A‐QoL and Hemo‐Sat into 28 languages. Equivalent concepts for 22 items that were difficult to adapt culturally for particular languages were identified and classed as semantic/conceptual (17 items), cultural (three items), idiomatic (one item), and grammatical (one item) problems. This has resulted in linguistically validated versions of these instruments, which can be used to assess HRQoL and treatment satisfaction in clinical trials and clinical practice. They will provide new insights into areas of haemophilia that remain poorly understood today.
Low‐dose pegylated interferon‐alpha‐2a monotherapy in elderly and/or cirrhotic patients infected with hepatitis C virus genotype‐2 or genotype‐1 low level infection
Authors: Tamai Hideyuki , Moribata Kosaku , Mori Yoshiyuki , Shingaki Naoki , Deguchi Hisanobu , Ueda Kazuki , Inoue Izumi , Maekita Takao , Iguchi Mikitaka , Kato Jun , Ichinose Masao 
Published: November 2012

AimElderly and/or cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) are at high risk of adverse effects during interferon therapy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety and predictive factors for sustained virological response (SVR) of low‐dose pegylated interferon‐α‐2a (PEG IFN‐α‐2a) monotherapy in elderly and/or cirrhotic patients with HCV genotype‐2 or genotype‐1 low level infection.MethodsSixty‐four elderly (≥65 years) and/or cirrhotic patients with HCV genotype‐2 or genotype‐1 low level (<5 logIU/mL) infection underwent low‐dose PEG IFN‐α‐2a (90 μg/week) monotherapy for 24 weeks. Sixty patients were available for efficacy assessment.ResultsSVR was achieved in 78.3%. SVR rates according to genotype‐1 low, genotype‐2 low and genotype‐2 high viral load were 90.0%, 87.1% and 57.9%, respectively. The discontinuation rate was 12.5%. PEG IFN‐α‐2a was interrupted or discontinued in four patients because of severe thrombocytopenia (<25 000/mm3). The baseline platelet counts of all these patients were less than 70 000/mm3. On univariate analysis of factors contributing to SVR, significant differences were noted in viral load, platelet count, γ‐glutamyltransferase, ferritin, α‐fetoprotein level and rapid viral response (RVR). On multivariate analysis, RVR was the only independent factor (P = 0.010, odds ratio = 47.27). The positive and negative SVR‐predictive values based on RVR were 95% and 82%, respectively.ConclusionLow‐dose PEG IFN‐α‐2a monotherapy was effective and tolerable in elderly and/or cirrhotic patients with genotype‐2 or genotype‐1 low HCV level infection. However, a baseline platelet count of more than 70 000/mm3 is needed for safety. RVR can predict SVR accurately.
Partial equilibrium analysis of vaccination as an avian influenza control tool in the U.S. poultry sector
Authors: Egbendewe‐Mondzozo Aklesso , Elbakidze Levan , McCarl Bruce A. , Ward Michael P. , Carey John B. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe study addresses the economic effectiveness of vaccination in the case of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks. The effectiveness is evaluated in a U.S. case study comparing the outbreak costs under the currently recommended HPAI control practice versus one which also includes vaccination. An integrated economic‐epidemic partial equilibrium model is used to empirically simulate HPAI outbreaks in three different poultry regions within the State of Texas. The simulation results show that the effectiveness of vaccination depends on flock density in the region and risk aversion preferences of the decision maker. In regions with high flock densities, if the decision maker is less risk averse the currently recommended strategy—which includes depopulation, movement restrictions, and flock testing—is more cost‐effective than the same strategy supplemented with vaccination. Addition of vaccination improves cost effectiveness only if the decision maker is highly risk averse or if surveillance, carcass disposal, and cleaning costs are high. In regions with medium and low flock densities, adding vaccination to the currently recommended strategy is not cost‐effective except in the case of high surveillance, carcass disposal, and cleaning costs.
Comparative endocrinological responses to short transportation of Equidae (Equus asinus and Equus caballus)
Authors: Fazio Esterina , Medica Pietro , Cravana Cristina , Aveni Francesca , Ferlazzo Adriana 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIn order to evaluate the effects of short transportation on β‐endorphin, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol changes, 12 healthy stallions of Equidae (Equus asinus and Equus caballus) were studied before and after transportation of 50 km. Blood samples were collected 1 week before transportation in basal conditions, immediately before loading and after transportation and unloading, on their arrival at the breeding station. Compared to basal and before values, donkeys showed an increase in circulating ACTH (P < 0.001) and cortisol (P < 0.0005) levels after transportation and higher ACTH (P < 0.01) levels than horses after transportation. A positive and significant correlation (r = 0.885; P < 0.01) between ACTH and cortisol levels after transportation was found. No significant differences were observed for β‐endorphin levels. Compared to basal and before values, horses showed higher cortisol (P < 0.005) levels after transportation and no significant differences were observed for ACTH and β‐endorphin levels in donkeys. Horses facing forward (direction of travel) showed higher (P < 0.01) β‐endorphin levels after transportation than donkeys; horses facing backward (the opposite direction of travel) showed lower (P < 0.05) ACTH levels after transportation. The results indicate that short transportation induces a preferential activation of the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐axis (HPA), with significant release of ACTH and cortisol in donkeys and only of cortisol in horses, suggesting that transportation for donkeys may be more stressful than horses.
Hen egg yolk lipid fractions with antiatherogenic properties
Authors: Nasopoulou Constantina , Gogaki Vassiliki , Panagopoulou Eleanna , Demopoulos Constantinos , Zabetakis Ioannis 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThree different types of hen egg yolk, cage‐free, organic and daily fresh, were tested for their antiatherogenic properties. Total lipids (TL) of all hen egg yolk samples were extracted by the method of Bligh and Dyer and further separated into total polar lipids (TPL) and total neutral lipids (TNL) by counter current distribution chromatography. TPL and TNL were further separated by preparative thin‐layer chromatography (TLC). TL, TPL, TNL and the obtained polar and neutral lipid fractions after TLC separation were tested to determine whether they induce platelet activation or inhibit platelet activating factor (PAF)‐induced platelet activation. All three hen egg yolk TL samples possessed strong inhibitory activity against PAF‐induced platelet activation that was mainly attributed to TPL, especially to PL fraction 4. Cage‐free hen egg yolk exhibited the most potent anti‐PAF activity in all lipid classes (TL, TPL and TNL). Thus hen egg yolk contains PAF inhibitors that reinforce their nutritional value in terms of protection against cardiovascular diseases, since PAF is a crucial inflammatory phospholipid mediator that is implicated in the mechanism of atherogenesis.
A retrospective cohort study evaluating efficacy in high‐risk patients with chronic lower extremity ulcers treated with negative pressure wound therapy
Authors: Yao Min , Fabbi Matteo , Hayashi Hisae , Park Nanjin , Attala Khaled , Gu Gousheng , French Michael A , Driver Vickie R 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) compared with standard of care on wound healing in high‐risk patients with multiple significant comorbidities and chronic lower extremity ulcers (LEUs) across the continuum of care settings. A retrospective cohort study of ‘real‐world’ high‐risk patients was conducted using Boston University Medical Center electronic medical records, along with chart abstraction to capture detailed medical history, comorbidities, healing outcomes and ulcer characteristics. A total of 342 patients, 171 NPWT patients with LEUs were matched with 171 non‐NPWT patients with respect to age and gender, were included in this cohort from 2002 to 2010. The hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated by COX proportional hazard models after adjusting for potential confounders. The NPWT patients were 2·63 times (95% CI = 1·87–3·70) more likely to achieve wound closure compared with non‐NPWT patients. Moreover, incidence of wound closure in NPWT patients were increased in diabetic ulcers (HR = 3·26, 95% CI = 2·21–4·83), arterial ulcers (HR = 2·27, CI = 1·56–3·78) and venous ulcers (HR = 6·31, 95% CI = 1·49–26·6) compared with non‐NPWT patients. In addition, wound healing appeared to be positively affected by the timing of NPWT application. Compared with later NPWT users (1 year or later after ulcer onset), early NPWT users (within 3 months after ulcer onset) and intermediate NPWT users (4–12 months after ulcer onset) were 3·38 and 2·18 times more likely to achieve wound healing, respectively. This study showed that despite the greater significant comorbidities, patients receiving NPWT healed faster. Early use of NPWT demonstrated better healing. The longer the interval before intervention is with NPWT, the higher the correlation is with poor outcome.