bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postconditioning in patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention: An updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Jingping , Xu Huiyu , Li Bao 
Published: June 2013

ObjectiveThe aim of present analysis was to evaluate the effect of postconditioning in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).BackgroundAlthough postconditioning in pPCI has shown potential favorable effects on reperfusion injury, recent trials have yielded divergent results.MethodsRandomized controlled trials were identified using relevant databases published up to August 15, 2012. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and standardized mean difference (SMD) were calculated using meta‐analysis through fixed‐ or random‐effects models. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.17 and Stata 12.0.ResultsThirteen studies providing myocardial biomarkers, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) or infarct size evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in a total of 725 ST‐elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients were identified. Compared with usual care, postconditioning significantly reduced myocardial injury biomarkers (SMD = –0.61; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): [–0.98, −0.23]; P = 0.001; I2 = 78%). Univariate meta‐regression analysis suggested potential source of heterogeneity were the type of biomarkers and the use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (I2 reg = 44.84% and 67.24%, respectively; R2 = 91.53% and 49.46%, respectively). Secondary analysis showed statistical significant improvement of LVEF with postconditioning (WMD = 3.22%; 95%CI: [0.88%, 5.57%]; P = 0.007; I2 = 60%) relative to usual care. The effect diminished during medium (<6 months) and long terms (≥6 months) (P = 0.86 and 0.15, respectively). There was no significant decrease in infarct size among patients treated with postconditioning compared to usual care (SMD = 0.20; 95%CI: [–0.03, 0.43]; P = 0.08; I2 = 46%).ConclusionIn STEMI patients undergoing pPCI, postconditioning is associated with significant lower level of myocardial injury biomarkers and a statistical significant improvement of LVEF relative to usual care. However, this adjunctive therapy may fails to reduce infarct size evaluated by CMR. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Residual shunting after percutaneous PFO closure: How to manage and how to close
Authors: Butera Gianfranco , Sarabia Javier Fernandez , Saracino Antonio , Chessa Massimo , Piazza Luciane , Carminati Mario 
Published: June 2013

IntroductionInitial transcatheter Percutaneous patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure attempt may be incomplete and result in persistent residual shunting. The optimal treatment strategy for these patients remains unknown.Patients and methodsTwenty‐seven patients were diagnosed to have a moderate‐large residual shunt at least 12 months after initial PFO closure associated or not to a recurrent ischemic event and underwent a second procedure. Residual shunt characteristics were classified in two types: Type I: tunnel‐like or between the disk defect (11 patients); Type II: accessory defect next to a device rim or accessory defect (16 patients).ResultsFourteen subjects had a recurrent transient ischemic attack/stroke (52%). Median time between the first and the second PFO closure procedure was 17 months (range 12–60 months). Deployment of a second device was successful in 92% (25/27) patients. A Type I defect was closed by using a coil or Amplatzer Vascular Plugs. In two patients a surgical option was chosen as a first option. A Type II defect was closed by using a double disc device. At a median follow‐up of 36 months (range 12–60 months), two subjects showed significant residual shunting between the two disks of the device (Type I) at 12 months follow‐up and were sent to surgery.ConclusionsSignificant residual shunts can be successfully closed by using a second device. Care is required to select an optimal device depending on anatomy and original device. In some subjects, lack of endothelial covering account for the persistence of a significant residual shunting. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Thermoresponsivity of Hybrid Supramolecular Dendrimers Bearing a Polyoxometalate Core
Authors: Chen Hailong , Yang Yang , Wang Yizhan , Wu Lixin 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA series of cationic dendrons bearing triethylene glycol monomethyl ether terminal groups of different generations have been synthesized and used to encapsulate an inorganic polyanionic cluster [K12.5Na1.5(NaP5W30O110)] through electrostatic interactions. The resulting dendritic cation–encapsulated polyoxometalate (POM) complexes, cluster–dendrimers, are soluble in water and exhibit lower critical solution temperatures (LCST). The thermoresponsivities of these complexes in aqueous solutions were studied by turbidimetry and variable‐temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy. The observed cloud points show a remarkable dependence on the generation of the dendrons. Complexes composed of first‐generation dendrons exhibit no obvious thermoresponsive properties, but for complexes bearing second‐generation dendrons, the LCST decreases as the number of dendritic cations around the POM cluster increases. Complexes composed of third‐generation cations underwent reversible aggregation and disaggregation upon heating and cooling, respectively. This thermally induced self‐aggregation was characterized by DLS and TEM. In addition, the effects of salt and solvent on the LCST were investigated. This research demonstrates a new type of thermoresponsive dendritic organic–inorganic hybrid complex and provides a general route to the endowment of POMs with temperature‐sensitive properties through electrostatic interactions.
Prediction of solubility of CH4, C2H6, CO2, N2 and CO in bitumen
Authors: Zirrahi Mohsen , Hassanzadeh Hassan , Abedi Jalal , Moshfeghian Mahmood 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAn accurate model to calculate the solubility of light hydrocarbons (methane, CH4 and ethane, C2H6) and non‐hydrocarbon gases (carbon dioxide, CO2, nitrogen, N2 and carbon monoxide, CO) in bitumen is required for the optimal design of bitumen and heavy oil recovery processes and transportation. In this work, we used the Krichevsky–Ilinskaya equation to predict the solubility of light solvents (CH4, C2H6, CO2, N2 and CO) in bitumen from five reservoirs in Alberta, Canada. The Peng–Robinson (PR) equation of state (EoS) is used to treat the gas phase. The proposed model is then verified using available experimental solubility data of light solvents in bitumen, and good agreement is observed. The experimental data cover wide ranges of pressures and temperatures. The results show that the proposed model represents the available solubility data of light hydrocarbons (CH4 and C2H6) and non‐hydrocarbon solvents (CO2, N2 and CO) in bitumen with absolute average relative deviations of <4.2% and 5.4%, respectively. These results can be applied to heavy oil and bitumen recovery processes.
Comparison of real colour gamuts using a new reflectance database
Authors: Li Changjun , Luo M. Ronnier , Pointer M. R. , Green Phil 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA large set of data, comprising the spectral reflectances of real surface colours, has been accumulated. The data comprise 16 groups with different materials and include 85,879 measured spectra. From these data, CIELAB colorimetric coordinates were calculated under CIE illuminant D50 and the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric (2°) observer. Several published colour gamuts including those developed by Pointer and ISO reference colour gamut [ISO Graphic Technology Standard 12640‐3:2007] were compared using the present data set. It was found that the Pointer gamut is smaller than the new real data in most of the colour regions. The results also showed that the ISO reference colour gamut is larger than the new real accumulated data in most regions. The present finding indicates that there is a need to derive a new colour gamut based on the newly accumulated data for common applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 39, 442–451, 2014
Using latency as a QoS indicator for global cloud computing services
Authors: Pedersen Jens Myrup , Tahir Riaz M. , Dubalski Bozydar , Ledzinski Damian , Júnior Joaquim Celestino , Patel Ahmed 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTMany globally distributed cloud computing (CC) applications and services running over the Internet, between globally dispersed clients and servers, will require certain levels of QoS in order to deliver and give a sufficiently smooth user experience. This would be essential for real‐time streaming multimedia applications such as online gaming and watching movies on a pay as you use basis hosted in a CC environment. However, guaranteeing or even predicting QoS in global and diverse networks that are supporting complex hosting of application services is a very challenging issue that needs a stepwise refinement approach to be solved as the technology of CC matures. In this paper, we investigate if latency in terms of simple ping measurements can be used as an indicator for other QoS parameters such as jitter and throughput. The experiments were carried out on a global scale, between servers placed in universities in Denmark, Poland, Brazil, and Malaysia. The results show the correlation between latency and throughput, and between latency and jitter, even though the results are not completely consistent. As a side result, we were able to monitor the changes in QoS parameters during a number of 24‐hour periods. This is also a first step toward defining QoS parameters to be included in service level agreements for CC at the global scale in the foreseeable future. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, 2013.© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
JPEG forensics scheme for signature embedding and packet‐level detection
Authors: Hsieh Che‐Jen , Weng Chi‐Tien , Li Jung‐Shian 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYAs the volume of multimedia digital information transmitted over the Internet continues to rise, the problem of preventing the unauthorized tampering and dissemination of digital content has emerged as a major concern. Thus, the present study proposes a forensic scheme for tracking the dissemination of copyright‐protected JPEG images over the Internet. The proposed scheme incorporates two basic mechanisms, namely signature embedding and signature detecting. To preserve the quality of the protected JPEG images, the signature is embedded at the application layer. By contrast, the signature detection process is performed at the packet level in order to improve the scalability of the proposed mechanism. For any flows regarded as suspicious, the signatures embedded in the JPEG packet trains are compared with the known digital signatures for forensic purposes. The experimental results show that the embedded signature has no effect on the visual quality of the JPEG image. Moreover, it is shown that the computational complexity of the proposed detection scheme is significantly lower than that of existing application‐level schemes. Thus, the scheme provides an ideal solution for the forensic analysis of JPEG streams over large‐scale network environments such as the Internet. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy and offspring eating disorder risk in adolescence
Authors: Allen Karina L. , Byrne Susan M. , Kusel Merci M.H. , Hart Prue H. , Whitehouse Andrew J.O. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine if maternal vitamin D concentrations at 18 weeks gestation predict offspring eating disorder risk in adolescence.MethodParticipants were 526 Caucasian mother‐child dyads from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. The Raine Study has followed participants from 18 weeks gestation to 20 years of age. Maternal serum 25(OH)‐vitamin D concentrations were measured at 18 weeks pregnancy and grouped into quartiles. Offspring eating disorder symptoms were assessed at ages 14, 17 and 20 years. Core analyses were limited to female offspring (n = 308).ResultsMaternal 25(OH)‐vitamin D quartiles were a significant predictor of eating disorder risk in female offspring, in multivariate logistic regression models. Vitamin D in the lowest quartile was associated with a 1.8‐fold increase in eating disorder risk relative to concentrations in the highest quartile. This association also accounted for the relationship between offspring season of birth and eating disorder risk. Results were significant after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index and depressive symptoms.DiscussionThis is the first study to link low gestational vitamin D to increased eating disorder risk in female offspring of Caucasian mothers. Research is needed to extend these findings and to consider how gestational vitamin D may relate to the pathogenesis of eating disorders. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:669–676)
A case of anorexia nervosa with comorbid Crohn's disease: Beneficial effects of anti‐TNF‐α therapy?
Authors: Solmi Marco , Santonastaso Paolo , Caccaro Roberta , Favaro Angela 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThis case report describes a 26‐year‐old woman affected by long‐lasting anorexia nervosa (AN) and Crohn's disease. Worsening of the bowel illness led to the prescription of immunosuppressive therapy (biologic infliximab for 4 months, followed by adalimumab for 6 months) and referral to our Eating Disorders Unit. Although she initially demonstrated denial of her eating disorder, in a few months she gradually improved her weight and psychopathology. Crohn's disease can worsen AN by modifying hunger and energy expenditure through the effects of TNF‐α and IL‐6, pro‐inflammatory cytokines which moderate leptin and melanocortin signaling. Previous studies have observed the antidepressant effects of TNF antagonist in patients with treatment‐resistant depression with high baseline inflammatory biomarkers. Our case report suggests that future studies are needed to clarify the existence, patterns, and extent of increased inflammatory markers in patients with AN, and whether they determine clinical features or identify subgroups of patients. Potential therapeutic significance of above issues remains to be determined. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:639–641)
Evolutionary ecology of intraspecific brain size variation: a review
Authors: Gonda Abigél , Herczeg Gábor , Merilä Juha 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe brain is a trait of central importance for organismal performance and fitness. To date, evolutionary studies of brain size variation have mainly utilized comparative methods applied at the level of species or higher taxa. However, these studies suffer from the difficulty of separating causality from correlation. In the other extreme, studies of brain plasticity have focused mainly on within‐population patterns. Between these extremes lie interpopulational studies, focusing on brain size variation among populations of the same species that occupy different habitats or selective regimes. These studies form a rapidly growing field of investigations which can help us to understand brain evolution by providing a test bed for ideas born out of interspecific studies, as well as aid in uncovering the relative importance of genetic and environmental factors shaping variation in brain size and architecture. Aside from providing the first in depth review of published intraspecific studies of brain size variation, we discuss the prospects embedded with interpopulational studies of brain size variation. In particular, the following topics are identified as deserving further attention: (i) studies focusing on disentangling the contributions of genes, environment, and their interactions on brain variation within and among populations, (ii) studies applying quantitative genetic tools to evaluate the relative importance of genetic and environmental factors on brain features at different ontogenetic stages, (iii) apart from utilizing simple gross estimates of brain size, future studies could benefit from use of neuroanatomical, neurohistological, and/or molecular methods in characterizing variation in brain size and architecture.
Xylem hydraulic conductivity and embolism in riparian plants and their responses to drought stress in desert of Northwest China
Authors: Zhou Honghua , Chen Yaning , Li Weihong , Ayup Mubarek 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTRiparian plants in the lower reaches of the Tarim River (Tikanlik) and Heihe River (Ulan Tug) were selected as study objects, where they suffered from different drought stresses. The differences of root and twig xylem hydraulic conductivity and embolism of the typical riparian plants, including Populus euphratica, Tamarix spp., Alhagi sparsifolia and Karelinia caspica, and their responses to drought stress were analysed. The results showed that (1) the riparian plants in the lower Tarim River suffered from more severe drought stress than those in the lower Heihe River because of their lower xylem hydraulic conductivity, and the fundamental reason resulted in different degrees of drought stresses in the two regions was groundwater depth; (2) the drought resistance of Tamarix spp. was the strongest, which could exist in a broad habitat with different degrees of water stresses, whereas A.sparsifolia and K. caspica only exist in a narrow habitat with groundwater depth less than 4 m because of their weak drought resistance; and (3) the main resistance part of water transportation of riparian plants was twig xylem when they encountered the mild drought stress, whereas it was root xylem when the riparian plants encountered severe drought stress, and riparian plants adapted the mild drought stress through limiting twig xylem hydraulic conductivity to coordinate the plant growth, while they adapted the severe drought stress through enhancing xylem hydraulic conductivity of dominant branches with strong competitiveness of sap flow and sacrificing non‐dominant branches to improve the plant survival chance. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Solid‐Solution Approach to Mixed‐Metal Metal–Organic Frameworks – Detailed Characterization of Local Structures, Defects and Breathing Behaviour of Al/V Frameworks
Authors: Kozachuk Olesia , Meilikhov Mikhail , Yusenko Kirill , Schneemann Andreas , Jee Bettina , Kuttatheyil Anusree V. , Bertmer Marko , Sternemann Christian , Pöppl Andreas , Fischer Roland A. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe doping of [Al(OH)L]n [L = 1,4‐benzenedicarboxylate (bdc) or 1,4‐naphthalenedicarboxylate (ndc)] with vanadium ions yields crystalline porous mixed‐metal solid‐solution metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) of general formula [(AlOH)1–x(VO)xL]n (x can be varied in the whole range from 0 to 1). Several characterization methods, including powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), solid‐state NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, strongly support the effective incorporation of vanadium cations. The Al/V‐doped MOFs are isostructural to the parent monometallic MOFs and show a characteristic uniform dependence of the cell parameters on the metal ratios. Detailed spectroscopic investigation provided evidence that the introduced species are fairly well ordered. Interestingly, for low amounts of doped vanadium for both activated and as‐synthesized Al/V phases, the EPR results revealed the presence of vanadyl units as local defects in pseudo‐octahedral or square‐pyramidal environments, which are different from those in the parent MIL‐47(V). This observation matches the nonlinear response of the adsorption properties on variation of the composition. Remarkably, the presence of such mixed Al/V chains strongly affects the breathing behaviour of the materials. Both CO2 sorption and in situ PXRD studies validated a gradual change from highly flexible (with easily induced phase transitions) to totally rigid structures upon increasing vanadium content.
Thermal and chemical analysis of flammability and combustibility of fir wood in cone calorimeter coupled to FTIR apparatus
Authors: Batiot Benjamin , Luche Jocelyn , Rogaume Thomas 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the thermal degradation of fir wood in a cone calorimeter under well‐ventilated atmosphere used with a piloted ignition. The thermal and chemical sample decompositions were studied with heat fluxes varying from 15 to 60 kW m−2. With the cone calorimeter results and equations found in literature, the significant parameters of fir wood sample flammability and combustibility were deduced from ignition time (tig), mass loss and gas analysis. These parameters are thermal response parameter, critical heat flux, ignition surface temperature, thermal thickness, mass loss rate, thermal inertia, effective heat of combustion, heat release rate, heat of gasification and others. Moreover, during each experiment, the main gaseous species emissions were continuously and simultaneously monitored. Furthermore, the solid degradation and combustion process for fir wood were described in details. Experimental results from cone calorimeter were compared with data found in literature, and generally, a quite good accordance was found between the both sets of results. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental study on the time‐dependent smoke densities at 39 locations in a multi‐floor building through a digital smoke detector system
Authors: Xie Qiyuan , Li Qing , Plocher Thomas , Papier Isaac 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe objective of this study was to quantitatively investigate some characteristics of the smoke transportation in multi‐floor buildings. Eight experiments were conducted for worst scenario. The effects of an open window in the burning room on the smoke transportation are also analyzed. The time‐dependent smoke densities at 39 locations in a half‐scale building with an atrium were measured through a digital smoke detector system. The results indicate that the chimney effect plays an important role in the smoke transportation in multi‐floor buildings with atriums. For the effects of the open window, the results suggest that the smoke densities at most locations in the building increase earlier when a window is open but have a smaller peak value than those results in the cases without any outer vents. It is suggested that a building without vertical atrium would be safer than those with long ones. More attention should be paid to those spaces when the fire protection systems are designed for buildings with atriums. The data of the time‐dependent smoke densities at tens of locations in the building are useful for the validation of smoke transportation models. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
THE ROLE OF CONDITIONAL HETEROSKEDASTICITY IN IDENTIFYING AND ESTIMATING LINEAR TRIANGULAR SYSTEMS, WITH APPLICATIONS TO ASSET PRICING MODELS THAT INCLUDE A MISMEASURED FACTOR
Authors: Prono Todd 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYA new estimator is proposed for linear triangular systems, where identification results from the model errors following a bivariate and diagonal GARCH(1,1) process with potentially time‐varying error covariances. This estimator applies when traditional instruments are unavailable. I demonstrate its usefulness on asset pricing models like the capital asset pricing model and Fama–French three‐factor model. In the context of a standard two‐pass cross‐sectional regression approach, this estimator improves the pricing performance of both models. Set identification bounds and an associated estimator are also provided for cases where the conditions supporting point identification fail. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.