bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Root and foliar uptake, translocation, and distribution of [14C] fluoranthene in pea plants (Pisum sativum)
Authors: Zezulka Štěpán , Klemš Marek , Kummerová Marie 
Published: June 2014

Abstract

Uptake of 14C-labeled fluoranthene ([14C]FLT) via both roots and leaves of Pisum sativum seedlings and distribution of [14C] in plants by both acropetal and basipetal transport was evaluated. The highest [14C] level was found in the root base (≈270 × 104 dpm/g dry wt) and the lowest level in the stem apex (&lt;2 × 104 dpm/g dry wt) after just 2 h of root exposure. For foliar uptake, the highest level of [14C] was found in the stem and root apex (both ≈2 × 104 dpm/g dry wt) (except for treated leaves), while the lowest level was found in the root base (&lt;0.6 × 104 dpm/g dry wt). Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2308–2312. © 2014 SETAC
HOW SUSTAINABLE ARE DONOR‐DRIVEN SOLAR POWER PROJECTS IN REMOTE AREAS?
Authors: Marquardt Jens 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSince the 1980s, donors already support solar power projects in the Philippines. Reports and documentations provide a positive image on project success, but field trips to earlier project sites tell an opposing story. This field report shows that even in an area with only little donor fragmentation problems like a lack of coordination, communication and learning lead to unsustainable projects. It confronts official project reports with the latest experiences from the field and provides qualitative information to an ongoing debate about potentials and problems of donor diversification. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pathophysiology of empty nose syndrome
Authors: Sozansky Jeanie , Houser Steven M. 
Published: June 2014

Objectives/HypothesisTo review current knowledge on nasal airflow sensation in relation to empty nose syndrome (ENS).Study DesignPubMed searches.MethodsCurrent literature pertaining to measurement of nasal patency, mechanism of sensory perception of nasal airflow, and ENS.ResultsA reliance on pure anatomical analysis of the anatomy in ENS falls short of explaining the disorder. Our understanding of subjective nasal sensation has advanced, as has our understanding of the flow of air through the nose. Neural healing following a surgical insult may not result in a return to a normal physiologic state. Aberrations in neurosensory systems from improper healing may play a major role in the abnormal sensations ENS patients experience.ConclusionsAn evidence‐based hypothesis for the development and symptoms of ENS is offered. Laryngoscope, 125:70–74, 2015
Isocyanate‐ and Phosgene‐Free Routes to Polyfunctional Cyclic Carbonates and Green Polyurethanes by Fixation of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Blattmann Hannes , Fleischer Maria , Bähr Moritz , Mülhaupt Rolf 
Published: June 2014

The catalytic chemical fixation of carbon dioxide by carbonation of oxiranes, oxetanes, and polyols represents a very versatile green chemistry route to environmentally benign di‐ and polyfunctional cyclic carbonates as intermediates for the formation of non‐isocyanate poly­urethane (NIPU). Two synthetic pathways lead to NIPU thermoplastics and thermosets: i) polycondensation of diacarbamates or acyclic dicarbonates with diols or diamines, respectively, and ii) polyaddition by ring‐opening polymerization of di‐ and polyfunctional cyclic carbonates with di‐ and polyamines. The absence of hazardous and highly moisture‐sensitive isocyanates as intermediates eliminates the need for special safety precautions, drying and handling procedures. Incorporated into polymer backbones and side chains, carbonate groups enable facile tailoring of a great variety of urethane‐functional polymers. As compared with conventional polyurethanes, ring‐opening polymerization of polyfunctional cyclic carbonates affords polyhydroxyurethanes with unconventional architectures including NIPUs containing carbohydrate segments. NIPU/epoxy hybrid coatings can be applied on wet surfaces and exhibit improved adhesion, thermal stability and wear resistance. Combining chemical with biological carbon dioxide fixation affords 100% bio‐based NIPUs derived from plant oils, terpenes, carbohydrates, and bio polyols. Biocompatible and biodegradable NIPU as well as NIPU biocomposites hold great promise for biomedical applications.
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A role for peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma in resveratrol‐induced colon cancer cell apoptosis
Authors: Aires Virginie , Brassart Bertrand , Carlier Annie , Scagliarini Alessandra , Mandard Stéphane , Limagne Emeric , Solary Eric , Martiny Laurent , Tarpin Michel , Delmas Dominique 
Published: June 2014

ScopeResveratrol may function as a chemopreventive agent. A recent clinical study demonstrates a reduction in tumor cell proliferation in colorectal patients receiving repeated oral ingestion of resveratrol. However, gaps remain in our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which resveratrol exerts its chemopreventive effect. We have previously demonstrated that resveratrol induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells and that resveratrol can sensitize chemoresistant colon cancer cells to various drugs. Based on its ability to activate peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in colon cancer cells, we sought to determine the implication of this nuclear transcription factor in resveratrol‐induced apoptosis.Methods and resultsTransient transfection of cancer cells with a dominant‐negative PPARγ mutant or treatment with a PPARγ antagonist (GW9662) reversed the inhibitory effect of resveratrol. Moreover, GW9662 prevented disruption of the cell cycle induced by resveratrol and consequently abrogated resveratrol‐induced apoptosis. Tumor cell death was potentiated by combining resveratrol with rosiglitazone, a PPARγ agonist.ConclusionThe results show that PPARγ plays a role in resveratrol‐induced apoptosis of colon carcinoma cells. The combination of resveratrol with a PPARγ agonist could be a promising pharmacological approach for treatment of colorectal cancer.
Modulation of human miR‐17–3p expression by methyl 3‐O‐methyl gallate as explanation of its in vivo protective activities
Authors: Curti Valeria , Capelli Enrica , Boschi Federica , Nabavi Seyed Fazel , Bongiorno Andria I. , Habtemariam Solomon , Nabavi Seyed Mohammad , Daglia Maria 
Published: June 2014

ScopeMethyl‐3‐O‐methyl gallate (M3OMG) possesses in vivo antioxidant activity due to the partial restoration of the antioxidant enzymes, whose expression is altered in oxidative stress. Literature data suggest that miR‐17–3p is a microRNA involved in the regulation of cellular redox status, interfering with transcription of the mRNAs responsible for the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes. To obtain deeper insight into the potential mechanism of action of M3OMG, the aim of this study was to investigate its effect on the expression levels of miR‐17–3p in human cells.Methods and resultsPeripheral blood mononuclear cells and EVC‐304 cells were treated with increasing subtoxic concentrations of M3OMG. The expression levels of miR‐17–3p, extracted from cells and exosomes, were determined by quantitative real‐time PCR. M3OMG induced a decrease in the miR‐17–3p levels, and an increase in the levels of mRNA coding for the antioxidant enzymes, when compared to the control samples. Differently, in exosomes the expression levels of miR‐17–3p were depended on the compound, its concentration, and the type of cell.ConclusionThese results suggest a potential mechanism of action of M3OMG that, inducing the reduction of the levels of miR‐17–3p and the increase of mRNA coding for antioxidant enzymes, allows to these latter to perform their protective effects.
Feature Selection for Support Vector Machine in the Study of Financial Early Warning System
Authors: Li Jingxiang , Qin Yichen , Yi Danhui , Li Yang , Shen Ye 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this article, we introduce the L1 regularized support vector machine (L1‐SVM) as an effective feature selection technique into the modeling of financial early warning system (EWS), for the purpose of establishing compact financial EWSs for Chinese‐listed companies. By introducing LASSO penalty into the SVM framework, the L1‐SVM is a capable methodology to select causative features in classification problem. We evaluate the feature selection performance of L1‐SVM under different circumstances through numerical simulations and find it suitable for selecting features for financial EWS. In the real study, we establish four financial EWSs with features selected by L1‐SVM and compare them with those trained with full features. The empirical result illustrates that our EWSs, with only minority of features, outperform significantly than full ones in the respect of generalization performance, which indicates the feasibility of L1‐SVM in real applications. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry of N‐glycans derivatized with isonicotinic hydrazide and its biotinylated form
Authors: Bank Stephanie , Heller Eberhard , Memmel Elisabeth , Seibel Jürgen , Holzgrabe Ulrike , Kapková Petra 
Published: June 2014

RATIONALESuccessful structural characterization of glycans often requires derivatization prior to mass spectrometric analysis. Here we report on a new derivatization reagent for glycans, biotinylated isonicotinic hydrazide, allowing glycan analysis by both mass spectrometry (MS) and biochemically. Fragmentation behavior in MS and its use in structural elucidation were investigated and compared with other labels.METHODSGlycans, released from ribonuclease B and ovalbumin, were derivatized with hydrazine labels (isoniazid (INH), biotinylated isonicotinic hydrazide (BINH) and biotinamidocaproylhydrazide (BACH)). In addition, native counterparts and 2‐aminobenzamide (2‐AB) derivatives were prepared. Comparative matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time‐of‐flight (MALDI TOF/TOF) experiments were carried out to investigate the fragmentation pattern of the derivatives. Finally, the capability of BINH derivatives to bind lectins was explored.RESULTSGenerally, derivatization provided beneficial enhancement in the mass spectrometric signal intensity as compared to native counterparts. The mass spectrometric fragmentation varied with the kind of label used. The most significant structure‐revealing ions (cross‐ring cleavages) were observed in the spectra of BINH derivatives, whereas mainly glycosidic cleavages were found with native form of glycans and 2‐AB derivatives.CONCLUSIONSHydrazine derivatization provided the means to obtain structurally informative fragment ions. Due to BINH derivatization, specific fragments of the isomers allowed the identification of diverse glycans. The derivatization reaction can be carried out without the need for purification. The biotin residue of BINH enabled for biochemical studies, i.e. protein–glycan interactions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cloning, expression and characterization of glycerol dehydrogenase involved in 2,3-butanediol formation in Serratia marcescens H30
Authors: Zhang Liaoyuan , Xu Quanming , Peng Xiaoqian , Xu Boheng , Wu Yuehao , Yang Yulong , Sun Shujing , Hu Kaihui , Shen Yaling 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (meso-BDH) from S. marcescens H30 is responsible for converting acetoin into 2,3-butanediol during sugar fermentation. Inactivation of the meso-BDH encoded by budC gene does not completely abolish 2,3-butanediol production, which suggests that another similar enzyme involved in 2,3-butanediol formation exists in S. marcescens H30. In the present study, a glycerol dehydrogenase (GDH) encoded by gldA gene from S. marcescens H30 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), purified and characterized for its properties. In vitro conversion indicated that the purified GDH could catalyze the interconversion of (3S)-acetoin/meso-2,3-butanediol and (3R)-acetoin/(2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol. (2S,3S)-2,3-Butanediol was not a substrate for the GDH at all. Kinetic parameters of the GDH enzyme showed lower K m value and higher catalytic efficiency for (3S/3R)-acetoin in comparison to those for (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and meso-2,3-butanediol, implying its physiological role in favor of 2,3-butanediol formation. Maximum activity for reduction of (3S/3R)-acetoin and oxidations of meso-2,3-butanediol and glycerol was observed at pH 8.0, while it was pH 7.0 for diacetyl reduction. The enzyme exhibited relative high thermotolerance with optimum temperature of 60 °C in the oxidation–reduction reactions. Over 60 % of maximum activity was retained at 70 °C. Additionally, the GDH activity was significantly enhanced for meso-2,3-BD oxidation in the presence of Fe2+ and for (3S/3R)-acetoin reduction in the presence of Mn2+, while several cations inhibited its activity, particularly Fe2+ and Fe3+ for (3S/3R)-acetoin reduction. The properties provided potential application for single configuration production of acetoin and 2,3-butanediol .
Co-prescribing of linezolid and serotonergic agents in a general hospital setting
Authors: Clarke C. , Finnegan M. , O’Dwyer A. M. , Mc Donald C. , O’Connell B. , Cooney J. 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundCo-prescription of linezolid and serotonergic agents (SSRIs, SNRIs, NaSSA, TCAs) can lead to serotonin syndrome, this study seeks to identify prescribing practise of these agents.MethodsStudy of all general hospital inpatients prescribed intravenous linezolid in a 3-month period, using drug charts and clinical notes.ResultsCo-prescription occurred in 20% with SSRIs most frequently concurrently used. There were no cases of serotonin syndrome. There was no evidence in clinical notes of vigilance for potential interaction.ConclusionCo-prescription is common; awareness of potentially serious interaction is not evident in current practice.
A Thom-Porteous formula for connective K-theory using algebraic cobordism
Authors: Hudson Thomas 
Published: June 2014

AbstractUnder the assumption that the base field k has characteristic 0, we prove a formula for the push-forward class of Bott-Samelson resolutions in the algebraic cobordism ring of the flag bundle. We specialise our formula to connective K-theory providing a geometric interpretation to the double β-polynomials of Fomin and Kirillov by computing the fundamental classes of schubert varieties. As a corollary we obtain a Thom-Porteous formula generalising those of the Chow ring and of the Grothendieck ring of vector bundles.
Towards a K-theoretic characterization of graded isomorphisms between Leavitt path algebras
Authors: Ara P. , Pardo E. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn Hazrat gave a K-theoretic invariant for Leavitt path algebras as graded algebras. Hazrat conjectured that this invariant classifies Leavitt path algebras up to graded isomorphism, and proved the conjecture in some cases. In this paper, we prove that a weak version of the conjecture holds for all finite essential graphs.
Stratification of the Moduli Space of Four-Gonal Curves
Authors: Brundu Michela , Sacchiero Gianni 
Published: June 2014

AbstractLet X be a smooth irreducible projective curve of genus g and gonality 4. We show that the canonical model of X is contained in a uniquely defined surface, ruled by conics, whose geometry is deeply related to that of X. This surface allows us to define four invariants of X and, hence, to stratify the moduli space of four-gonal curves by means of closed irreducible subvarieties, whose dimensions we compute.
The impact of agricultural biotechnology on supply and land-use
Authors: Barrows Geoffrey , Sexton Steven , Zilberman David 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe use aggregate data to estimate supply, price, land-use, and greenhouse gas impacts of genetically engineered (GE) seed adoption due both to increased yield per hectare (intensive margin) and increased planted area (extensive margin). An adoption model with profitability and risk considerations distinguishes between the two margins, where the intensive margin results from direct ‘gene’ impacts and higher complimentary input use, and the extensive margin reflects the growing range of lands that become profitable with the GE technology. We identify yield increases from cross-country time series variation in GE adoption share within the main GE crops – cotton, corn and soybeans. We find that GE increased yields 34 per cent for cotton, 12 per cent for corn and 3 per cent for soybeans. We then estimate the quantity of extensive margin lands from year-to-year changes in traditional and GE planted area. If all production on the extensive margin is attributed to GE technology, the supply effect of GE increases from 5 per cent to 12 per cent for corn, 15 per cent to 20 per cent for cotton, and 2 per cent to 40 per cent for soybeans, generating significant downward pressure on prices. Finally, we compute ‘saved’ lands and greenhouse gases as the difference between observed hectarage per crop and counterfactual hectarage needed to generate the same output without the yield boost from GE. We find that altogether, GE saved 13 million hectares of land from conversion to agriculture in 2010, and averted emissions are equivalent to roughly one-eighth of the annual emissions from automobiles in the US.
Daoism, Nature and Humanity
Authors: Cooper David E. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis paper sympathetically explores Daoism's relevance to environmental philosophy and to the aspiration of people to live in a manner convergent with nature. After discussing the Daoist understanding of nature and the dao (Way), the focus turns to the implications of these notions for our relationship to nature. The popular idea that Daoism encourages a return to a ‘primitive’ way of life is rejected. Instead, it is shown that the Daoist proposal is one of living more ‘spontaneously’ than people generally do in the modern, technological world, and of allowing other beings to do so as well. These themes are clarified in a final section, inspired by some Daoist remarks, devoted to the relationship of human beings with animals.
From Good Knowers to Just Knowers in theMahãbhãrata: Towards a Comparative Virtue Epistemology
Authors: Dalmiya Vrinda 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAdopting the framework of Anglo Analytic Virtue Epistemology, I ask of the Sanskrit epic, theMahābhārata,the question: What sort of character or ‘intellectual virtues’ must a ‘good knower’ have? Then, inspired by broadly feminist sensibilities, I raise the concern whether dispositions for knowing the world can be associated with motivations to rectify injustices in that world – whether, in other words, a good knower is also a ‘just knower.’ I go on to explore the structure of humility and shame as ‘virtues of truth’ in the epic to see whether they can establish a connection between knowing and justice.
Analytic Philosophy and its Synoptic Commission: Towards the Epistemic End of Days
Authors: MacBride Fraser 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThere is no such thing as ‘analytic philosophy’, conceived as a special discipline with its own distinctive subject matter or peculiar method. But there is an analytic task for philosophy that distinguishes it from other reflective pursuits, a global or synoptic commission: to establish whether the final outputs of other disciplines and common sense can be fused into a single periscopic vision of the Universe. And there is the hard-won insight that thought and language aren't transparent but stand in need of analysis – a recent variation upon the abiding philosophical theme that we need to get behind appearances to tell the ultimate truth about reality – an insight that threatens to be lost once philosophers appeal to intuitions.
Islamic Philosophy: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Paya Ali 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to critically assess the present state of Islamic philosophy in its main home, namely, Iran. However, since such a study requires some knowledge of the past developments of philosophical thought among Muslims, the paper briefly, though critically, deals with the emergence and subsequent phases of change in the views of Muslim philosophers from ninth century onward. In this historical survey I also touch upon the role played by other Muslim scholars such as theologians, mystics and jurists, in shaping Islamic philosophy. The last section of the paper, deals, not in great details, with one or two possible scenarios for the future of Islamic philosophy.
Establishment of a core collection of chilli germplasm using microsatellite analysis
Authors: Mongkolporn Orarat , Hanyong Suntree , Chunwongse Julapark , Wasee Sirikul 
Published: June 2014

Chilli (Capsicum spp.) is an economically important vegetable and spice. The Tropical Vegetable Research and Development Center, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus has collected more than 2500 chilli germplasm accessions since 1989. Investment to maintain and evaluate such a large germplasm collection is high. For efficient germplasm management and to reduce the cost of germplasm maintenance, a core collection needs to be established. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of chilli germplasm using microsatellites. A total of 230 chilli germplasm accessions were evaluated using ten anchored Capsicum microsatellite loci. These loci generated 42 alleles with a size ranging from 87 to 323 bp. The average polymorphic information content was 0.57, ranging from 0.414 to 0.681, and the probability of identity (PI) ranged from 0.17 to 0.49. The combined PI of the ten microsatellite loci was 2.30 × 10− 6. The similarity index ranged from 0.29 to 1.00. The 230 chilli accessions were divided into two major groups. Group I comprised mainly C. annuum, and group II comprised all four Capsicum species with the majority being C. frutescens, C. chinense and C. baccatum. The matrix comparison showed that a cophenetic correlation of 0.798 indicated the best fit of the obtained dendrogram. The PowerCore program selected 28 representative chilli accessions to form a core collection, which maintained a similar level of diversity to that of the overall 230 chilli accessions. The representative alleles in those 28 core accessions equalled all the alleles present in the entire collection.
ON PATHOLOGICAL TRUTHS
Authors: ROSENBLATT LUCAS , SZMUC DAMIÁN E. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn Kripke’s classic paper on truth it is argued that by adding a new semantic category different from truth and falsity it is possible to have a language with its own truth predicate. A substantial problem with this approach is that it lacks the expressive resources to characterize those sentences which fall under the new category. The main goal of this paper is to offer a refinement of Kripke’s approach in which this difficulty does not arise. We tackle this characterization problem by letting certain sentences belong to more than one semantic category. We also consider the prospect of generalizing this framework to deal with languages containing vague predicates.