bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metastatic benign leiomyoma: A case report of an uncommon presentation
Authors: de Almeida Denise Padilha Abs , Malta Marcos Fernando de Brito , Cardoso Wander Mattos , Leite Amanda Lira dos Santos , Barbosa Alex de Albuquerque Lins , Vaz Lucas de Albuquerque Mendonça , Júnior Inácio Pereira Aguiar , de Oliveira Felipe Augusto Porto Farias , Filho Flávio Rodrigues Teixeira , Barros Aldo Vieira 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUterine leiomyoma is a benign tumor of myometrial tissue which usually affects women of reproductive age. Its prevalence increases with age and has a peak incidence at the age of 40. Metastasizing leiomyomas are dense connective tissue and smooth myometrial muscle cells tumors located outside the uterus. We present the case report of a 55‐year‐old female referred to investigate pulmonary nodules with the diagnosis of metastasizing leiomyoma.
Electrospun nanofibers‐based thin film microextraction for enrichment of phthalate esters in biodegradable plastics
Authors: Su Ping , Wang Qiqi , Li Mengxi , Tian Xinrui , Song Jiayi , Yang Yi 
Published: July 2024

In this work, a novel electrospun nanofiber (PAN/TpBD; 2,4,6‐triformylphloroglucinol [Tp] and benzidine [BD]; polyacrylonitrile [PAN]) was fabricated via a facile electrospinning method and utilized as adsorbent in thin film microextraction (TFME) of phthalate esters (PAEs) (dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, diallyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and dioctyl phthalate) in biodegradable plastics. The prepared PAN/TpBD combines the strong stability of nanofibers with increased exposure sites for covalent organic frameworks and enhanced interactions with the target, thus improving the enrichment effect on the target. The extraction efficiency of PAN/TpBD reached above 80%. Based on PAN/TpBD, a TFME‐high‐performance liquid chromatography method was established, and the experimental parameters were optimized. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the PAEs of this method varied linearly in the range of 10–10 000 µg/L with low detection limits (0.69–2.72 µg/L). The intra‐day and inter‐day relative standard deviation values of the PAEs were less than 8.04% and 8.73%, respectively. The adsorbent can achieve more than 80% recovery of the five targets after six times reuse. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of trace PAEs in biodegradable plastics with recoveries ranging from 80.1% to 113.4% and relative standard deviations were less than 9.45%. The as‐synthesized PAN/TpBD adsorbent exhibited great potential in PAE analysis.
Sample preservation methods for nitrous oxide concentration and isotope ratio measurements in aquatic environments
Authors: Frey Claudia , Tang Weiyi , Ward Bess B. , Lehmann Moritz F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) stable isotope analysis of dissolved nitrous oxide (N2O) can provide important constraints on the sources and cycling of N2O in aquatic environments. The isotopic composition of aqueous N2O, both in field (natural abundance) or experimental (15N‐labeling) samples, however, may be altered by abiotic reactions involving nitrite () or hydroxylamine (NH2OH) and microbial activity during sample storage, if samples are not adequately preserved. Here we tested five different preservatives, mercuric chloride (HgCl2), copper sulfate (CuSO4), zinc chloride (ZnCl2), hydrochloric acid (HCl) mixed with sulfamic acid (SFA), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), for fixing natural water samples from an estuary and a lake with different concentrations over a range of different storage times for N2O analyses. ZnCl2 and CuSO4 decreased the pH, and led to abiotic N2O production from , shifting the N2O isotopic composition significantly. Removal of with a mixture of SFA and HCl did not always prevent the alteration of the original N and O isotope composition of N2O, confirming the requirement for complete removal, and underscoring the biasing effects of at very low pH, even at trace levels. At low background, HgCl2 preservation led to robust and accurate results. However, in light of its toxicity and bioaccumulation potential in food webs, this fixative should be avoided. The addition of NaOH reduced abiotic side reactions involving , and yielded the most reliable and reproducible results for N2O concentration and isotope ratio measurements across tested settings and storage times.
Ultra‐Low Loss Lithium Niobate Polarizer with Enhanced Anti Bound State in the Continuum
Authors: Liu Weixi , Li Huan , Wen Chengfeng , Zhao Shi , Guo Zehao , Li Hanwen , Song Lijia , Yu Zejie , Liu Liu , Dai Daoxin , Shi Yaocheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThin film lithium niobate (TFLN) has emerged as a promising platform for photonic integrated circuits (PICs). However, the polarization crosstalk is usually inevitable owing to its birefringence. Polarizers, as key polarization handling devices, are essential to ensure polarization purity in PICs. In this work, a novel ultra‐low loss polarizer is proposed and demonstrated based on the enhanced anti‐bound state in the continuum (anti‐BIC) on TFLN. With meticulously designed waveguide width, constructive interference occurs for the leaky modes, such that transverse magnetic (TM) bound mode can drastically couple into the continuum modes, leading to high propagation loss for TM polarization. Meanwhile transverse electric (TE) polarization remains bound with high optical confinement, hence low propagation loss. Furthermore, it have demonstrated that angled sidewalls can facilitate the mode conversion from bound mode into continuum mode in lithium niobate (LN), which can be an efficient method for controlling the bound mode coupling into the continuum. Ultra‐low loss of <≈0.04 dB and compact footprint of 46 µm are experimentally demonstrated from 1460 to 1600 nm for the fabricated polarizer.
Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure, LBE corrosion resistance, and bonding strength of the FeCrAl‐based coatings
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhou Mingyang , Yue Huifang , Peng Danmin , Qiu Xi , Yang Jijun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe bonding strength and LBE corrosion resistance of the Fe15Cr11Al2Si, Fe15Cr11Al0.5Y, and Fe15Cr11Al2Si0.5Y coatings heat‐treated at 500–650°C for 500 h were investigated. The results showed that the as‐deposited Fe15Cr11Al0.5Y coating has the strongest bonding strength with the F/M steel cladding tube compared with the Fe15Cr11Al2Si and Fe15Cr11Al2Si0.5Y coatings. Heat treatment deteriorates the bonding performance of the coatings, and obvious enrichment of Cr and Al elements appeared. The consumed Al element inside the heat‐treated coatings promotes the formation of Fe3O4 on the surface of the coatings after the corrosion test. The Y element can inhibit the enrichment of elements and the formation of Fe3O4. The bonding strength of the heat‐treated coatings can be improved after the corrosion test. The underlying mechanism of the evolution of microstructure and properties of the coatings after heat treatment and corrosion test was discussed.
Archaeological analogues for the lifetime prediction of the canister for spent nuclear fuel in the deep geological repository: Part I. Composition of pore water and corrosion products
Authors: Kolomá Kateřina , Havlová Václava , Pecková Anna , Šachlová Šárka , Kašpar Vlastislav , Tkachenok Diana , Danielisová Alžběta , Malyková Drahomíra , Březinová Helena , Barčáková Ludmila , Mukhtar Saqib , Bureš Richard , Stoulil Jan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work focuses on archaeological analogues as a way of obtaining long‐term data for assessing the lifetime of a spent nuclear fuel canister. An analysis of the environment around the excavated artefacts is presented, followed by geochemical modelling of the likely corrosion products and subsequent comparison with real phases in the corrosion layer estimated by X‐ray diffraction. A total of 16 archaeological sites with fine clay soils and the potential for long‐term flooding were evaluated. Although the soil pore solution contained high levels of silicates, no such phases with iron in the corrosion products were confirmed. Carbonate corrosion products, typical of bentonite environments, were also not observed. Although oxygen access is very limited in the environments of all sites, even low concentrations shifted the equilibrium of corrosion products formed in favour of (hydroxy)oxides.
Synthesis of Dual‐Responsive Amphiphilic Glycomacromolecules: Controlled Release of Glycan Ligands via pH and UV Stimuli
Authors: Jäck Nicholas , Hemming Arne , Hartmann Laura 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis work presents a versatile strategy for the synthesis of dual stimuli‐responsive amphiphilic glycomacromolecules with tailored release properties. Amphiphilic precision glycomacromolecules (APGs) derived from tailor‐made building blocks using solid phase polymer synthesis form glycofunctionalized micelles, a versatile class of materials with applications in drug delivery, as antiinfection agents as well as simple cell mimetics. In this work, this concept is extended by integrating cleavable building blocks into APGs now allowing stimuli‐responsive release of glycan ligands or destruction of the micelles. This study incorporates a newly designed acid‐labile building block, 4‐(4‐(((((9H‐fluoren‐9‐yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)methyl)‐1,3‐dioxolan‐2‐yl)benzoic acid (DBA), suitable also for other types of solid phase or amide chemistry, and an established UV‐cleavable 2‐nitrobenzyl linker (PL). The results demonstrate that both linkers can be cleaved independently and thus allow dual stimuli‐responsive release from the APG micelles. By choosing the APG design e.g., placing the cleavable linkers between glycomacromolecular blocks presenting different types of carbohydrates, they can tune APG and micellar stability as well as the interaction and cluster formation with a carbohydrate‐recognizing lectin. Such dual‐responsive glycofunctionalized micelles have wide potential for use in drug delivery applications or for the development as anti‐adhesion agents in antiviral and antibacterial treatments.
Endothelial dysfunction: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications
Authors: Wang Xia , He Ben 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) and its complications are a leading cause of death worldwide. Endothelial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of CVD, serving as a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, metabolic, and other related diseases. The regulation of endothelial dysfunction is influenced by various risk factors and intricate signaling pathways, which vary depending on the specific disease context. Despite numerous research efforts aimed at elucidating the mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction, the precise molecular pathways involved remain incompletely understood. This review elucidates recent research findings on the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in endothelial dysfunction, including nitric oxide availability, oxidative stress, and inflammation‐mediated pathways. We also discuss the impact of endothelial dysfunction on various pathological conditions, including atherosclerosis, heart failure, diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, we summarize the traditional and novel potential biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction as well as pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapeutic strategies for endothelial protection and treatment for CVD and related complications. Consequently, this review is to improve understanding of emerging biomarkers and therapeutic approaches aimed at reducing the risk of developing CVD and associated complications, as well as mitigating endothelial dysfunction.
Rare tumors II: Adrenocortical tumors, neuroendocrine tumors of the appendix, pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, pancreatoblastoma and solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas
Authors: Mansfield Sara A. , De Corti Federica , Aldrink Jennifer H. , Pire Aurore , Crocoli Alessandro , Dall'Igna Patrizia , Matthyssens Lucas , Virgone Calogero 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVery rare tumors are usually divided into two groups: One includes tumors that are rare among both children and adults; the other one encompasses tumors that frequently occur in adults but are rarely observed in children. In this review, we focus on adrenocortical tumors, neuroendocrine tumors of the appendix, pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, pancreatoblastoma and solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas, with special attention to the role of surgery as main curative intervention or as part of the multimodal treatment.
Comprehensive metabolome characterization of leaves, internodes, and aerial roots of Vanilla planifolia by untargeted LC–MS and GC × GC–MS
Authors: Beer Falco , Weinert Christoph H. , Wellmann Johannes , Hillebrand Silke , Ley Jakob Peter , Soukup Sebastian T. , Kulling Sabine E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionUntargeted metabolomics is a powerful tool that provides strategies for gaining a systematic understanding of quantitative changes in the levels of metabolites, especially when combining different metabolomic platforms. Vanilla is one of the world's most popular flavors originating from cured pods of the orchid Vanilla planifolia. However, only a few studies have investigated the metabolome of V. planifolia, and no LC–MS or GC–MS metabolomics studies with respect to leaves have been performed.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to comprehensively characterize the metabolome of different organs (leaves, internodes, and aerial roots) of V. planifolia.Material and MethodsCharacterization of the metabolome was achieved using two complementary platforms (GC × GC–MS, LC‐QToF‐MS), and metabolite identification was based on a comparison with in‐house databases or curated external spectral libraries.ResultsIn total, 127 metabolites could be identified with high certainty (confidence level 1 or 2) including sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, and amines/amides but also secondary metabolites such as vanillin‐related metabolites, flavonoids, and terpenoids. Ninty‐eight metabolites showed significantly different intensities between the plant organs. Most strikingly, aglycons of flavonoids and vanillin‐related metabolites were elevated in aerial roots, whereas its O‐glycoside forms tended to be higher in leaves and/or internodes. This suggests that the more bioactive aglycones may accumulate where preferably needed, e.g. for defense against pathogens.ConclusionThe results derived from the study substantially expand the knowledge regarding the vanilla metabolome forming a valuable basis for more targeted investigations in future studies, e.g. towards an optimization of vanilla plant cultivation.
Real‐world use of emicizumab in Chinese children with hemophilia A: Retrospective data from a comprehensive care center
Authors: Mao Qianqian , Chen Zhenping , Liu Guoqing , Li Gang , Zhen Yingzi , Cheng Xiaoling , Li Zekun , Yao Wanru , Ai Di , Li Zhengping , Wang Nan , Poon Man‐Chiu , Wu Runhui 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTImportanceEmicizumab (EMI) is efficacious and safe for hemophilia A (HA) prophylaxis. However, its high cost poses a challenge in China.ObjectiveTo explore the possibility of using reduced‐dosage EMI in Chinese HA children.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study for HA children in our Comprehensive Care Center. Data were collected pre‐ and post‐EMI treatment to evaluate bleeding rates. Laboratory analyses included factor VIII (FVIII)‐like activity and EMI concentration measurements.ResultsThirty‐four HA children receiving EMI prophylaxis for a median (range) 24.5 (2.5–47.9) months by June 2023. Of these, 25 (73.5%) were under 3 years of age, 26 (76.5%) had severe hemophilia and 12 (35.3%) were minimally treated or previously untreated patients. Thirty‐one (91.2%) of the 34 patients received reduced‐dosage EMI for economic reasons. EMI concentration and FVIII‐like activity measured showed a strong correlation. Overall, while on EMI, their annual treated bleeding rate (ATBR) and annual bleeding rate (ABR) decreased significantly (2–0) while their zero‐bleeding rate (ZBR) increased significantly (11.5%–65.4%). After 6 months of EMI, there was no significant difference in ATBR and ABR among various maintenance dosages. However, ZBR was significantly lower in dosages under 4 mg/kg (P = 0.0156). Receiver operator characteristic curves suggested the following cutoff values for zero bleeding: EMI 4‐weekly maintenance dosage 3.8 mg/kg, EMI concentration 48.1 μg/mL, and FVIII‐like activity 15.4 IU/dL.InterpretationWe showed EMI effectively prevented bleeding even at reduced dosages. However, the bleeding risk may be higher with EMI 4‐weekly maintenance dosage <3.8 mg/kg, EMI concentration <48.1 μg/mL, and FVIII‐like activity <15.4 IU/dL for zero bleeding. It is important that dosage reduction be done rationally. Dosage tailoring is possible.
3D printing of functionally graded nanocomposites: An investigation of microstructural, rheological, and mechanical behavior
Authors: Kumar Sumodh , Rajath S. , Shivakumar N. D. , Ramesh M. R. , Doddamani Mrityunjay 
Published: July 2024

AbstractManufacturing functionally graded material through 3D printing is challenging owing to the deposition of different materials with different thermal properties in each layer, leading to a higher thermal gradient between deposited and depositing layers, resulting in improper bonding between them and, hence, reduced mechanical properties. This study focuses on 3D printing of functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)‐based lightweight functionally graded nanocomposites (FGNCs) and their investigation for microstructural, rheological, physical, and mechanical properties. Functionalized MWCNTs (0.5% → 5%) are initially compounded with widely utilized HDPE to develop nanocomposites (H0.5→H5 pellets) for extruding filaments for 3D printing. 3D‐printed FGNC samples are investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), rheology, density, tensile, and flexural tests. SEM and rheology confirm the homogeneous dispersion of the filler in HDPE and the processing parameters suitability in blending, extrusion, and 3D printing. Complex viscosity (η*), loss modulus (E″), and storage modulus (E′) of FGNCs increase, while the damping decreases with the MWCNTs rise in the graded layers. Density results revealed the highest weight saving potential (~12%) of FGNC‐2 (H1–H3–H5), showing great weight saving potential. Tensile and flexural properties rise when the MWCNTs content rises in the graded layer. The FGNC‐2 showed the highest tensile strength and moduli, 37.12% and 90.41% higher than HDPE. Flexural strength and moduli are also found to be the highest for FGNC‐2, 28.57%, and 26.83% higher than HDPE. The highest specific moduli and strength are found for FGNC‐2, 46.16% and 44.14% higher than HDPE, respectively. Experimental findings are found to be strongly in agreement with numerical findings. 3D‐printed FGNC‐2 demonstrated the best flexural and tensile characteristics with the lowest weight and hence can be used to make practical parts and structures that need variable stiffness.Highlights
FGNCs functionally graded n anocomposites are concurrently 3D printed.
FGNC‐2 exhibited the highest weight saving potential of 12%.
FGNC‐2 showed 90.41% and 37.12% enhanced tensile modulus and strength.
FGNC‐2 displayed 28.57% and 26.83% improved flexural strength and modulus.
FGNCs exhibited better mechanical performance than the homogeneous NCs.
The effect of dexamethasone addition to gentamicin polymeric films of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/chitosan and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/polyvinylpyrrolidone
Authors: Jaber Saif Aldeen , Saadh Mohamed , Obeid Mohammad A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMany polymeric film formulas containing antibiotics failed in preventing microbial infections due to microbial resistance. One of the main reasons for microbial resistance is the formation of biofilm layers which prevent the drug from reaching the active site. This study aims to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone addition to polymeric film formula containing gentamicin. The polymeric formula containing both dexamethasone and gentamicin were characterized in terms of film's diameters, content uniformity, moisture content, matrix‐drugs association, and drug release. Antibiofilm and antimicrobial activity were used to evaluate polymeric formula containing drug. The addition of dexamethasone to the polymeric formula revealed that most of dexamethasone released and diffused in the first 300 min, while gentamicin release and diffusion had a slower rate like the release of gentamicin from formulations without dexamethasone. The addition of dexamethasone resulted in improved antibiofilm and antibacterial activity with the lowest antibiofilm activity >96% and antibacterial activity >87%. Therefore, dexamethasone addition to polymeric formula containing gentamicin improved the biological activity without any effects on the film characteristics.Highlights
Dexamethasone addition to polymeric formula containing gentamicin significantly improved the biological activity.
Most of dexamethasone released and diffused in the first 300 min.
The addition of dexamethasone resulted in the lowest antibiofilm activity of gentamicin of >96% and antibacterial activity >87%.
Disruption of the LRRK2‐FADD Interface Using Constrained Peptides
Authors: Alexander Krista K. , Kentros Michalis , Helton Leah G. , Tantis‐Tapeinos Dimitris , LeClair Timothy J. , Royer Fredejah T. , Grimsey Neil J. , Polissidis Alexia V. , Kennedy Eileen J. , Rideout Hardy J. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTMutations in the gene encoding leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common cause of familial Parkinson's disease (PD). The reduced penetrance of mutations in the LRRK2 gene has also led to variants appearing in seemingly sporadic forms of the disease. Kinase inhibition effectively blocks neuronal death and small‐molecule Class I inhibitors are proceeding through clinical trials in multiple PD cohorts. The toxic interaction between mutant LRRK2 and FADD lies downstream of its kinase activity and is required to induce neuronal death. The present study aimed to determine whether the FADD‐LRRK2 interface could be disrupted and what effects this may have on neuroprotection. A series of constrained peptides were designed to mimic the alpha‐helical protein interaction interface between the LRRK2 armadillo region and the death domain of FADD. These peptide‐based protein–protein interaction inhibitors significantly reduced this interaction and blocked apoptotic death of primary neurons expressing G2019S‐LRRK2. This work has identified novel constrained peptides that disrupt the LRRK2‐FADD interface and downregulate mutant LRRK2‐induced neuronal death in an allosteric manner, thereby providing a potential alternative therapeutic approach for PD.