bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Care and resentment. An essay on moral temporality
Authors: Wentzer Thomas Schwarz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhereas caring is commonly perceived as a moral virtue or a socially beneficial ethical practice, resentment appears to represent its opposite. Advocates of care ethics have vehemently criticized the abstract and aloof nature of traditional ethical theories and argue that care ethics offers a perspective from which we may appreciate interpersonal sensitivity and responsiveness to individuals, per se. Following in the philosophical tradition of Nietzsche and Scheler, resentment—taken as the emotional state of lingering animosity towards individuals, combined with the inclination to withhold assistance and abstain from caring—is often identified as an unjustified and unethical disposition. The paper aims to challenge this perspective and support the moral and historical validity of resentment in specific situations. It thereby recalls a social historical dimension to the often merely physiologically and individually dominated discourse about aging. Drawing on Jean Améry’s seminal account, I suggest viewing resentment as an attitude that asserts the authority to reevaluate the historical situation and to challenge the primacy of immediate needs (the here-and-now of a person in need of care). From this perspective, resentment too displays sensitivity to individuals and their life stories, yet it invokes a sense of justice that exceeds the temporal framework of caring if restrained to bodily and physiological needs. To illustrate this argument, this paper recounts an incident in a nursing home in postwar Germany, in 1986.
Experts or Authorities? The Strange Case of the Presumed Epistemic Superiority of Artificial Intelligence Systems
Authors: Ferrario Andrea , Facchini Alessandro , Termine Alberto 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe high predictive accuracy of contemporary machine learning-based AI systems has led some scholars to argue that, in certain cases, we should grant them epistemic expertise and authority over humans. This approach suggests that humans would have the epistemic obligation of relying on the predictions of a highly accurate AI system. Contrary to this view, in this work we claim that it is not possible to endow AI systems with a genuine account of epistemic expertise. In fact, relying on accounts of expertise and authority from virtue epistemology, we show that epistemic expertise requires a relation with understanding that AI systems do not satisfy and intellectual abilities that these systems do not manifest. Further, following the Distribution Cognition theory and adapting an account by Croce on the virtues of collective epistemic agents to the case of human-AI interactions we show that, if an AI system is successfully appropriated by a human agent, a hybrid epistemic agent emerges, which can become both an epistemic expert and an authority. Consequently, we claim that the aforementioned hybrid agent is the appropriate object of a discourse around trust in AI and the epistemic obligations that stem from its epistemic superiority.
Regional Multidimensional Attitudes Towards Immigration: Evidence from the European Social Survey Using Small Area Estimation
Authors: Moretti Angelo , Ahmed Anisa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe present article is the first empirical investigation of attitudes towards immigration in Europe via small area estimation providing reliable regional estimates across European regions. Four dimensions of regional attitudes are considered, i.e., restrictive attitudes towards specific groups, restrictive attitudes towards acquired criteria, threat, and restrictive attitudes towards ascribed criteria. We produce maps of these, as well as validation outputs, demonstrating that our estimates are reliable, hence, have a strong potential in informing policy makers. We show that, although there is a large between-country variation of these attitudes, there are also large spatial differences between-region in some countries. Overall, Swedish public attitudes tend to be quite homogeneous across regions, and located towards the positive side, whereas Eastern European countries tend to show negative attitudes across all the dimensions apart from the acquired criteria. However, in these countries, we can see larger spatial differences across regions, especially in the ascribed criteria and attitudes towards specific groups indicator. In general, the threat dimension does not show a large between-region variability, compared to the other three dimensions.
Measuring Wellbeing Across Culture and Context – are we Getting it Right? Evaluating the Variation in Wellbeing Conceptualisations Throughout the World
Authors: Sollis Kate , Biddle Nicholas , Maulana Herdiyan , Yap Mandy , Campbell Paul 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResearchers, practitioners, and policy makers have been increasingly interested in measuring wellbeing over the last two decades. However, with many measurement tools and frameworks being replicated in contexts distinct from where they were developed, it raises the question as to whether we are measuring the right things. This study draws on data collected through a systematic review of participatory wellbeing frameworks to better understand how wellbeing conceptualisations differ based on country context throughout the world. This analysis is one of the first of its kind, enabling a deeper and more comprehensive insight into cross-cultural understandings of wellbeing. The findings indicate that while there is some degree of universality in how wellbeing is conceptualised in different country contexts, cross-cultural variation is also evident. These findings have important implications for wellbeing measurement throughout the world, indicating that researchers, practitioners, and policymakers should exercise some caution when utilising wellbeing measurement tools and frameworks that were developed in contexts distinct from the population of interest. Furthermore, this study highlights the value of participatory approaches in better understanding these nuanced conceptualisations of wellbeing within different population groups throughout the world. Having greater awareness of cross-cultural differences in wellbeing conceptualisations will help ensure that we are more closely measuring what matters to people.
Classifier-dependent feature selection via greedy methods
Authors: Camattari Fabiana , Guastavino Sabrina , Marchetti Francesco , Piana Michele , Perracchione Emma 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to introduce a new approach to feature ranking for classification tasks, called in what follows greedy feature selection. In statistical learning, feature selection is usually realized by means of methods that are independent of the classifier applied to perform the prediction using that reduced number of features. Instead, the greedy feature selection identifies the most important feature at each step and according to the selected classifier. The benefits of such scheme are investigated in terms of model capacity indicators, such as the Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension or the kernel alignment. This theoretical study proves that the iterative greedy algorithm is able to construct classifiers whose complexity capacity grows at each step. The proposed method is then tested numerically on various datasets and compared to the state-of-the-art techniques. The results show that our iterative scheme is able to truly capture only a few relevant features, and may improve, especially for real and noisy data, the accuracy scores of other techniques. The greedy scheme is also applied to the challenging application of predicting geo-effective manifestations of the active Sun.
Locally sparse and robust partial least squares in scalar-on-function regression
Authors: Gurer Sude , Shang Han Lin , Mandal Abhijit , Beyaztas Ufuk 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe present a novel approach for estimating a scalar-on-function regression model, leveraging a functional partial least squares methodology. Our proposed method involves computing the functional partial least squares components through sparse partial robust M regression, facilitating robust and locally sparse estimations of the regression coefficient function. This strategy delivers a robust decomposition for the functional predictor and regression coefficient functions. After the decomposition, model parameters are estimated using a weighted loss function, incorporating robustness through iterative reweighting of the partial least squares components. The robust decomposition feature of our proposed method enables the robust estimation of model parameters in the scalar-on-function regression model, ensuring reliable predictions in the presence of outliers and leverage points. Moreover, it accurately identifies zero and nonzero sub-regions where the slope function is estimated, even in the presence of outliers and leverage points. We assess our proposed method’s estimation and predictive performance through a series of Monte Carlo experiments and an empirical dataset—that is, data collected in relation to oriented strand board. Compared to existing methods our proposed method performs favorably. Notably, our robust procedure exhibits superior performance in the presence of outliers while maintaining competitiveness in their absence. Our method has been implemented in the package in "Image missing".
Strategic justice, conventions, and game theory: introduction to a Synthese topical collection
Authors: Moehler Michael , Thrasher John 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEvolutionary, game-theoretic approaches to justice and the social contract have become increasingly popular in contemporary moral and political philosophy. (Vanderschraaf, Strategic justice: convention and problems of balancing divergent interests, Oxford University Press, 2019) theory of strategic justice represents the most recent contribution to this tradition and, in many ways, can be viewed as a culmination of it. This article discusses some of the central features of Vanderschraaf’s theory and relates them to the contributions in this collection. Some of the contributions directly address Vanderschraaf’s work, while others explore related topics in game theory, bargaining theory, formal philosophy, rationality, equality, justice, and the theory of conventions. This collection aims to bridge a gap between disjoint but closely related literature spanning a wide range of disciplines. The contributions allow readers to systematically engage with the topic of strategic justice, advance dialogue, and more easily follow this rich and expanding field of study.
Assessment of direction changes in waste electrical and electronic equipment management in Poland
Authors: Przydatek Grzegorz , Kanownik Włodzimierz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA growing amount of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) indicates the need to verify the effectiveness of its management both nationally and globally. An analysis of the WEEE economy in Poland conducted over 5 years confirmed a 16.64% increase in the mass of collected equipment. The maximum annual mass of electrical and electronic equipment introduced to the market during this period was 607,240 Mg, with the average value exceeding 500,000 Mg. The WEEE category with the largest collected mass was waste code 20 01 36, which exceeded 235,000 Mg, whilst the highest waste weight accumulation rate of 45.98 kg per capita was recorded in one of the smallest voivodeships in Poland. This result showed the diversity of WEEE accumulation on a national scale. Overall, a noticeable increase in the WEEE accumulation rate has occurred as Poland’s gross domestic product has increased, despite a decreasing population. An analysis based on the waste accumulation indicators, including socioeconomic factors, confirmed the need to develop forms of WEEE recovery and recycling to transition to a circular economy and promote the synergy of activities amongst all players in WEEE management.
Numerical simulation of cone penetration test by using CFD–DEM coupled analysis
Authors: Ge Ying , Zhou Annan , Nazem Majid , Deng Yongfeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPrecise stratigraphic characterization and assessment of soil parameters are essential for agricultural and geotechnical engineering. The cone penetration test (CPT) has become one of the most extensively used techniques for soil site assessment, because of its reproducibility, robustness, accuracy, and simplicity. The existing DEM (discrete element method) simulations on CPT are only applicable to dry soil, which cannot consider fluid phase (i.e., pore water) and its interaction with the soil particles. The combined DEM and CFD (computational fluid dynamics) approach is developed to model CPT testing on saturated soils in this study. Several sets of CPT simulations at various penetration rates have been performed by using CFD–DEM coupled analysis. The variation of penetration velocity leads to different magnitudes of fluid force, and the variation in fluid force, in turn, affects the CPT measurement of soil’s characteristics. Furthermore, the study extends beyond the properties of the soil itself to explore the complex interplay among soil particles, the surrounding fluid environment, and the penetrometer. The cumulative interactions among these elements highlight the intricate nature of CPT and underline the importance of comprehensive computational models in enhancing our understanding of these dynamics.
V-DAFT: visual technique for texture image defect recognition with denoising autoencoder and fourier transform
Authors: Si Jongwook , Kim Sungyoung 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTexture is the surface qualities and visual attributes of an object, determined by the arrangement, size, shape, density, and proportion of its fundamental components. In the manufacturing industry, products typically have uniform textures, allowing for automated visual inspections of the product surface to recognize defects. During this process, texture defect recognition techniques can be employed. In this paper, we propose a method that combines a convolutional autoencoder architecture with Fourier transform analysis. We employ a normal reconstructed template as defined in this study. Despite its simple structure and rapid training and inference capabilities, it offers recognition performance comparable to state-of-the-art methods. Fourier transform is a powerful tool for analyzing the frequency domain of images and signals, which is essential for effective defect recognition as texture defects often exhibit characteristic changes in specific frequency ranges. The experiment evaluates the recognition performance using the AUC metric, with the proposed method showing a score of 93.7%. To compare with existing approaches, we present experimental results from previous research, an ablation study of the proposed method, and results based on the high-pass filter used in the Fourier mask.
Human ADA2 Deficiency: Ten Years Later
Authors: Wouters Marjon , Ehlers Lisa , Dzhus Mariia , Kienapfel Verena , Bucciol Giorgia , Delafontaine Selket , Hombrouck Anneleen , Pillay Bethany , Moens Leen , Meyts Isabelle 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
In this review, an update is provided on the current knowledge and pending questions about human adenosine deaminase type 2 deficiency. Patients have vasculitis, immunodeficiency and some have bone marrow failure. Although the condition was described ten years ago, the pathophysiology is incompletely understood

Recent Findings
Endothelial instability due to increased proinflammatory macrophage development is key to the pathophysiology. However, the physiological role of ADA2 is a topic of debate as it is hypothesized that ADA2 fulfils an intracellular role. Increasing our knowledge is urgently needed to design better treatments for the bone marrow failure. Indeed, TNFi treatment has been successful in treating DADA2, except for the bone marrow failure.

Summary
Major advances have been made in our understanding of DADA2. More research is needed into the physiological role of ADA2
Computational fluid dynamics of flow over a cylindrical tube for steady and transient flow conditions
Authors: Singh Rajwinder , Singh Jashanpreet , Kumar Rahul , Gupta Manish 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of this numerical study is to analyse the 2D flow across a circular cylindrical tube under various laminar as well as turbulent flow regimes. In this study, the implicit finite volume scheme was employed to compute incompressible flow with time precision using convective flux discretization schemes of the second order. The computational results were validated by comparing the simulation results with empirical data of mean surface pressure, wake characteristics in both constant and transient flow regimes, and the Strouhal frequency associated with vortex scattering. In addition, the present simulation model adequately captures the intricate 2D flow structure of the cylinder wake.
Analyzing the correlation between low proportion of hobnail features in papillary thyroid carcinoma and clinical aggressiveness risk
Authors: Liu Wen-Shun , Duan Yan-Ting , Ru Guo-Qing , Chen Wan-Yuan , Chen Yuan , Lv Tian , Liang Ju-Yong , Zheng Guo-Wan , Xu Jia-Jie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Hobnail features may enhance the clinical aggressiveness of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, whether a low proportion (<30%) of these features contributes to increased PTC aggressiveness remains unclear. This study investigated whether PTC cases with a low proportion hobnail features (<30%) exhibit clinical invasiveness and pathological features of aggressiveness.

Methods
Pathological specimens from patients with postoperatively diagnosed PTC were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 29 PTC cases with a low proportion of hobnail features (<30%) were compared with 173 consecutive classical PTC (cPTC) cases. Data regarding age at presentation, sex, tumor size, number of tumors, and histological characteristics were obtained by reviewing electronic medical records. Postoperative information was obtained during follow-up visits and telephone interviews.

Results
Twenty-nine patients with PTC with a low proportion of hobnail features (<30%) were identified, exhibiting a median age of 34 years. At a median follow-up of 31 (IQR, 23–37) months, two patients had recurrent disease in the PTC with a low proportion of hobnail features (<30%) group, whereas there was no recurrence in the cPTC group. No distant metastasis and postoperative mortality were observed in either group. Compared with the cPTC group, patients with PTC and a low proportion of hobnail features exhibited larger tumor volumes and higher susceptibility to capsular invasion and lymph node metastasis. Tumor size and hobnail features emerged as independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis.

Conclusion
PTC with a low proportion hobnail features (<30%) and larger tumor volumes are associated with the occurrence of lymph node metastasis. A low proportion of hobnail features (<30%) in PTC may heighten invasiveness, elevating the risk of recurrence.
High-intensity Focused Ultrasound-A New Choice to Conduct Pulmonary Artery Denervation
Authors: Xie Yonghui , Yao Taoyue , Zhu Xiaogang , Yang Fan , Fan Haoqin , Cao Shirui , Chen Huaiyang , Liao Manzhen , Xia Yuanxi , Liu Jinqiao , Xiao Zhenghui , Yang Zhou , Xiao Yunbin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis research aimed to explore whether high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) could conduct pulmonary artery denervation (PADN). HIFU was performed in pulmonary arteries of 6 normotensive rabbits at dose of 250W, 6 times for each rabbit, and an additional 6 rabbits served as controls. Then ATEPH was induced in both groups by intravenous infusion of autogeneic thrombus. Hemodynamics and ultrasonography parameters were measured by right heart catheter and echocardiography pre- and post-establishment of ATEPH models in both groups. Histological analysis and immunohistochemistry of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were also performed. After PADN procedures, 5 rabbits were successfully conducted PADN, of which ablation zone was also observed in right auricle or right lung in 4 rabbits. Ablation zone was detected only in right lung in 1 rabbit. Compared with control group, milder right heart hemodynamic changes were found in PADN group, accompanied by improved ultrasound parameters in PADN group. HIFU can acutly damage SNs around pulmonary artery successfully, which may be a new choice to conduct PADN. However, the accuracy of HIFU with PADN needs to be improved.
Graphical Abstract
Multiple intraductal papillary neoplasms of bile duct diagnosed based on endoscopic ultrasonography and peroral cholangioscopy findings
Authors: Onoe Masaki , Fukuba Nobuhiko , Kodama Yasuhide , Oka Akihiko , Kawashima Kousaku , Shibagaki Kotaro , Ishimura Norihisa , Kushiyama Yoshinori , Uchida Yasushi , Furukawa Toru , Ishihara Shunji 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA man in his 30s was referred to our department for evaluation of bile duct stricture and removal of an intrahepatic bile duct stone. Five years before his presentation, he underwent left hepatectomy for a giant hepatic hemangioma. There were no abnormalities in blood biochemical tests. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed one 5 mm oval defect in region B6 and two 8 mm semicircular defects in the hilar bile duct. Endoscopic ultrasound revealed a 3.5 mm hypoechoic focal raised lesion in the hilar bile duct. Oral cholangioscopy revealed his two lesions in the hilar bile duct as white papillary elevations with mucus production. The pathological diagnosis of intraductal papillary neoplasm was determined (low-grade dysplasia, type 1, gastric type). After 1 and a half years, no expansion of the bile duct lesion was observed. Initially, it was thought to be a benign stenosis after liver resection, but based on the results of endoscopic ultrasound, we suspected a tumorous lesion, and we were able to make an accurate diagnosis, including histological type, using transoral cholangioscopy.