bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of thyroid isthmusectomy as a potential treatment for papillary thyroid carcinoma limited to the isthmus: A clinical study of 73 patients
Authors: Wang Jianbiao , Sun Haili , Gao Li , Xie Lei , Cai Xiujun 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundThere are no specific therapeutic guidelines for thyroid cancers confined to the isthmus. To determine whether isthmic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) can be treated with thyroid isthmusectomy and limited neck dissection, we analyzed factors related to central lymph node (CLN) metastasis in patients with clinically node‐negative (cN0), solitary, isthmic PTC.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 73 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for solitary isthmic, PTC. The frequency, pattern, and risk factors of CLN metastasis were analyzed.ResultsOccult CLN metastasis and paratracheal lymph node (PTLN) metastasis were detected in 34 patients (46.6%) and 28 patients (38.4%), respectively. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex and tumor size >0.7 cm were associated with CLN metastasis, and age ≤38 years, tumor size >0.6 cm, and pretracheal lymph node positivity were associated with PTLN metastasis.ConclusionThyroid isthmusectomy for solitary isthmic PTC may be insufficient in patients with tumors >0.6 cm, those aged ≤38 years, and male patients. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1510–E1514, 2016
Solution X‐ray Scattering Form‐Factors with Arbitrary Electron Density Profiles and Polydispersity Distributions
Authors: Ben‐Nun Tal , Asor Roi , Ginsburg Avi , Raviv Uri 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe present a method to calculate solution X‐ray scattering form‐factors of various geometries with generalized electron density and polydispersity profiles. We create arbitrary and physically relevant electron density profiles using a set of smooth hyperbolic tangent functions. To numerically calculate arbitrary electron density profiles, we formulate an algorithm that adaptively transforms the functions to a series of uniform discrete steps. We solve the models both numerically and analytically for the case of multiple spherical shells and compare the results to show the consistency of the algorithm. Other geometries are solved numerically. Various form‐factors are analysed and compared with earlier results. We then compare polydispersity probability density functions (uniform, normal, and Cauchy distributions) of concentric hollow cylinder thicknesses. The relationship of the shape of arbitrary electron density profiles to the features of the scattering form‐factor is discussed.
Semi‐automated quantitative intravoxel incoherent motion analysis and its implementation in breast diffusion‐weighted imaging
Authors: Dijkstra Hildebrand , Dorrius Monique D. , Wielema Mirjam , Jaspers Karolien , Pijnappel Ruud M. , Oudkerk Matthijs , Sijens Paul E. 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundTo optimize and validate intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) modeled diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) compared with the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for semi‐automated analysis of breast lesions using a multi‐reader setup.Materials and MethodsPatients (n = 176) with breast lesions (≥1 cm) and known pathology were prospectively examined (1.5 Tesla) with DWI (b = 0, 50, 200, 500, 800, 1000 s/mm2) between November 2008 and July 2014 and grouped into a training and test set. Three independent readers applied a semi‐automated procedure for setting regions‐of‐interest for each lesion and recorded ADC and IVIM parameters: molecular diffusion (Dslow), microperfusion (Dfast), and the fraction of Dfast (ffast). In the training set (24 lesions, 12 benign), a semi‐automated method was optimized to yield maximum true negatives (TN) with minimal false negatives (FN): only the optimal fraction (Fo) of voxels in the lesions was used and optimal thresholds were determined. The optimal Fo and thresholds were then applied to a consecutive test set (139 lesions, 23 benign) to obtain specificity and sensitivity.ResultsIn the training set, optimal thresholds were 1.44 × 10−3 mm2/s (Dslow), 18.55 × 10−3 mm2/s (Dfast), 0.247 (ffast) and 2.00 × 10−3 mm2/s (ADC) with Fo set to 0.61, 0.85, 1.0, and 1.0, respectively, this resulted in TN = 5 (IVIM) and TN = 1 (ADC), with FN = 0. In the test set, sensitivity and specificity among the readers were 90.5–93.1% and 43.5–52.2%, respectively, for IVIM, and 94.8–95.7% and 13.0–21.7% for ADC (P ≤ 0.0034) without inter‐reader differences (P = 1.000).ConclusionThe presented semi‐automated method for breast lesion evaluation is reader independent and yields significantly higher specificity for IVIM compared with the ADC. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;43:1122–1131.
The vastus lateralis free flap for lower extremity gustilo grade III reconstruction
Authors: Kaminsky Alexander J. , Li Sean S. , Copeland‐Halperin Libby R. , Miraliakbari Reza 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundOrthopedic trauma patients with Gustilo grade III injuries to the distal third of lower extremity present challenges to optimum reconstructive management. There is no consensus on the ideal autologous tissue for transfer in large lower extremity defect reconstruction. We present a large case series utilizing the vastus lateralis (VL) free flap for lower extremity Gustilo grade III reconstruction.Patients and MethodsThis is a case series of patients who underwent VL free tissue transfer for Gustilo grade III injuries. A total of 38 free tissue transfers were performed for lower extremity reconstruction, 19 of which were VL flaps. Mean interval between injury and reconstruction was 46 days (range 7‐240 days).ResultsThe mean wound size was 11.37 cm x 11.42 cm and all cases underwent delayed reconstruction. Seven day flap viability was 100% and 30‐day flap viability was 17/19 (89%). There were six complications: two hematomas requiring drainage, one flap dehiscence, one distal flap loss requiring a reverse saphenous vein graft extension, and two complete flap losses. Of the two failed flaps, one was attributed to heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia and the other to venous congestion complicated by methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.ConclusionsThe VL free flap is a reliable and versatile flap that can be tailored and tangentially thinned to match the shape and size of a defect, and the long pedicle allows the surgeon to stay away from the zone of injury. This flap should be strongly considered for lower extremity reconstruction, especially in salvage operations for large defects. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 37:212–217, 2017.
3D Ductile crack propagation with the XFEM
Authors: Beese Steffen , Loehnert Stefan , Wriggers Peter 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDuctile fracture is of high interest for industrial Manufacturing. Here we attempt to model this material degradation with a combined approach of non‐local continuum damage mechanics and discrete fracture mechanics using the eXtended Finite Element Method. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Prenatal triptan exposure and parent‐reported early childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes: an application of propensity score calibration to adjust for unmeasured confounding by migraine severity
Authors: Wood Mollie E. , Frazier Jean A. , Nordeng Hedvig M. E. , Lapane Kate L. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPurposeTriptan medications are serotonin agonists used to treat migraine, a chronic pain condition highly prevalent in women of reproductive age. Data on the safety of triptans during pregnancy are scant. We sought to quantify the association of prenatal triptan exposure on neurodevelopment in 3‐year‐old children.MethodsUsing data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, we used propensity score matching to examine associations between prenatal triptan exposure and psychomotor function, communication, and temperament. We used an external validation study to perform propensity calibration to adjust effect estimates for confounders unmeasured in the main study (migraine severity, type, and maternal attitudes towards medication use).ResultsWe identified 4204 women who reported migraine headache at baseline, of which 375 (8.9%) reported using a triptan greater than or equal to once during pregnancy. Children with prenatal triptan exposure had 1.37‐fold greater unadjusted odds of fine motor problems (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–1.77), which decreased after propensity score matching (odds ratio (OR): 1.29, 95%CI 0.97–1.73) and was further attenuated after calibration (OR: 1.25, 95%CI 0.89–1.74). We observed no increased risk for gross motor or communication problems, and no differences in temperament. Adjustment for migraine severity using propensity score calibration had a moderate impact on effect estimates, with percent changes ranging from 2.4% to 50%.ConclusionsPrenatal triptan exposure was not associated with psychomotor function, communication problems, or temperament in 3‐year‐old children. Adjustment for migraine severity reduced effect estimates and should be considered in future studies of the safety of triptans during pregnancy. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mediation of improvements in sun protective and skin self‐examination behaviours: results from the healthy text study
Authors: Baker Jannah , Finch Linda , Soyer H. Peter , Marshall Alison L. , Baade Peter , Youl Philippa , Janda Monika 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveMelanoma is on the rise, especially in Caucasian populations exposed to high ultraviolet radiation such as in Australia. This paper examined the psychological components facilitating change in skin cancer prevention or early detection behaviours following a text message intervention.MethodsThe Queensland‐based participants were 18 to 42 years old, from the Healthy Text study (N = 546). Overall, 512 (94%) participants completed the 12‐month follow‐up questionnaires. Following the social cognitive model, potential mediators of skin self‐examination (SSE) and sun protection behaviour change were examined using stepwise logistic regression models.ResultsAt 12‐month follow‐up, odds of performing an SSE in the past 12 months were mediated by baseline confidence in finding time to check skin (an outcome expectation), with a change in odds ratio of 11.9% in the SSE group versus the control group when including the mediator. Odds of greater than average sun protective habits index at 12‐month follow‐up were mediated by (a) an attempt to get a suntan at baseline (an outcome expectation) and (b) baseline sun protective habits index, with a change in odds ratio of 10.0% and 11.8%, respectively in the SSE group versus the control group.ConclusionsFew of the suspected mediation pathways were confirmed with the exception of outcome expectations and past behaviours. Future intervention programmes could use alternative theoretical models to elucidate how improvements in health behaviours can optimally be facilitated. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stable integration and expression of a cry1Ia gene conferring resistance to fall armyworm and boll weevil in cotton plants
Authors: Silva Carliane RC , Monnerat Rose , Lima Liziane M , Martins Érica S , Melo Filho Péricles A , Pinheiro Morganna PN , Santos Roseane C 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDBoll weevil is a serious pest of cotton crop. Effective control involves applications of chemical insecticides, increasing the cost of production and environmental pollution. The current genetically modified Bt crops have allowed great benefits to farmers but show activity limited to lepidopteran pests. This work reports on procedures adopted for integration and expression of a cry transgene conferring resistance to boll weevil and fall armyworm by using molecular tools.RESULTSFour Brazilian cotton cultivars were microinjected with a minimal linear cassette generating 1248 putative lines. Complete gene integration was found in only one line (T0‐34) containing one copy of cry1Ia detected by Southern blot. Protein was expressed in high concentration at 45 days after emergence (dae), decreasing by approximately 50% at 90 dae. Toxicity of the cry protein was demonstrated in feeding bioassays revealing 56.7% mortality to boll weevil fed buds and 88.1% mortality to fall armyworm fed leaves. A binding of cry1Ia antibody was found in the midgut of boll weevils fed on T0‐34 buds in an immunodetection assay.CONCLUSIONThe gene introduced into plants confers resistance to boll weevil and fall armyworm. Transmission of the transgene occurred normally to T1 progeny. All plants showed phenotypically normal growth, with fertile flowers and abundant seeds. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
An ultrahigh‐resolution mass spectrometry index to estimate natural organic matter lability
Authors: D'Andrilli Juliana , Cooper William T. , Foreman Christine M. , Marshall Alan G. 
Published: November 2015

RationaleDetermining the chemical constituents of natural organic matter (NOM) by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FTICRMS) remains the ultimate measure for probing its source material, evolution, and transport; however, lability and the fate of organic matter (OM) in the environment remain controversial. FTICRMS‐derived elemental compositions are presented in this study to validate a new interpretative method to determine the extent of NOM lability from various environments.MethodsFTICRMS data collected over the last decade from the same 9.4 tesla instrument using negative electrospray ionization at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Tallahassee, Florida, was used to validate the application of a NOM lability index. Solid‐phase extraction cartridges were used to isolate the NOM prior to FTICRMS; mass spectral peaks were calibrated internally by commonly identified NOM homologous series, and molecular formulae were determined for NOM composition and lability analysis.ResultsA molecular lability boundary (MLB) was developed from the FTICRMS molecular data, visualized from van Krevelen diagrams, dividing the data into more and less labile constituents. NOM constituents above the MLB at H/C ≥1.5 correspond to more labile material, whereas NOM constituents below the MLB, H/C <1.5, exhibit less labile, more recalcitrant character. Of all marine, freshwater, and glacial environments considered for this study, glacial ecosystems were calculated to contain the most labile OM.ConclusionsThe MLB extends our interpretation of FTICRMS NOM molecular data to include a metric of lability, and generally ranked the OM environments from most to least labile as glacial > marine > freshwater. Applying the MLB is useful not only for individual NOM FTICRMS studies, but also provides a lability threshold to compare and contrast molecular data with other FTICRMS instruments that survey NOM from around the world. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
A Pathologist’s Approach to Nonimmune Hydrops
Authors: Parks W. Tony 
Published: November 2015

AbstractFetal hydrops is an uncommon, but frequently-lethal, complication of pregnancy. Hydrops can result from any of diverse etiologies, although it has classically been divided into immune and nonimmune hydrops. While the etiology for many cases can be determined prenatally, pathologists are nearly always called on to identify the underlying cause for those cases that remain unexplained at the time of delivery or termination. This brief review will be confined to nonimmune hydrops, and the discussion will particularly focus on the role of the pathologist in evaluating this condition.
From placement to prison revisited: Do mental health services disrupt the delinquency pipeline among Latino, African American and Caucasian youth in the child welfare system?
Authors: Garcia Antonio R. , Greeson Johanna K.P. , Kim Minseop , Thompson Allison , DeNard Christina 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTRacial and ethnic disparities in delinquency among child welfare‐involved youth are well documented. However, less is known about the mechanisms through which these disparities occur. This study explores the extent to which sets of variables predict the occurrence of juvenile delinquency and whether race/ethnicity moderates the strength of the relationships between (1) social, emotional, and behavioral (SEB) problems and delinquency and (2) mental health service use and delinquency. We used a nationally representative sample of 727 African American, Caucasian, and Latino youth between the ages of 12–17 who were referred to the child welfare system. Controlling for age, gender, placement instability, maltreatment history, poverty, and urbanicity, linear regression analyses revealed that African American and Latino youth engaged in more delinquent acts than Caucasian youth did. However, service use decreased the likelihood of engaging in more delinquent acts for African Americans. Additional efforts are needed to illuminate and address the contextual and organizational barriers to delivering effective mental health services as a strategy to reduce racial disparities in delinquent behavior.
Intergenerational transmission of ethnic identity and life satisfaction of Roma minority adolescents and their parents
Authors: Dimitrova Radosveta , Ferrer‐Wreder Laura , Trost Kari 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTThis study investigates intergeneration transmission of ethnic identity as a resource for life satisfaction of Roma adolescents and their parents. Historically, Roma represent the largest ethnic minority in Europe. They have been exposed to severe discrimination, social exclusion, and poverty. Therefore, identifying resources for their life satisfaction is theoretically and practically important. The present study included 1093 participants, of which there were 171 Roma adolescents (age: M = 14.96 years, SD = 1.85), 155 mothers (age: M = 36.16 years, SD = 5.77) and 123 fathers (age: M = 39.68 years, SD = 6.06). Further, a comparison group of 248 mainstream adolescents with their mothers (n = 221) and fathers (n = 175) was also included in the study. Adolescents and their parents provided data on ethnic identity (MEIM; Phinney, 1992) and life satisfaction (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985). Results indicated that Roma youth were lower on endorsement of ethnic identity and average on life satisfaction compared to their mainstream peers. A structural equation model showed that ethnic identity was a positive predictor of life satisfaction for both adolescents and their Roma parents. Furthermore, parents' ethnic identity was a predictor of adolescent life satisfaction. We concluded that for Roma youth and their parents, ethnic identity represents a salient source for life satisfaction and an intergenerational continuity of identity and life satisfaction exists.
Application of the PRECEDE model to improve sexual function among women with hysterectomy
Authors: Hosseini Nazafarin , Amini Akram , Alamdari AliKaram , Shams Mohsen , Vossoughi Mehrdad , Bazarganipour Fatemeh 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of an educational program based on the PRECEDE model to improve sexual function among women with hysterectomy.MethodsThe present randomized trial, conducted in Iran during 2014, included 48 women with hysterectomy who were selected through convenience sampling and randomly divided into two equal groups. Women in the experimental group received an educational program based on constructs of the PRECEDE model. The control group received only routine interventions. Before the interventions, the women completed two questionnaires: one that measured the PRECEDE model constructs and the Rosen Female Sexual Function Index. The questionnaires were repeated 4 weeks after the intervention and the results were compared within and between groups.ResultsIn each group, a significant improvement in sexual function was demonstrated after the intervention (P < 0.001). The mean sexual function score increased to a greater extent in the experimental group (difference 16.95 ± 6.33) than in the control group (difference 4.35 ± 1.94; P < 0.001).ConclusionThe findings confirm the effectiveness of an educational program based on the PRECEDE model in terms of improving sexual function among women with hysterectomy.Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT2014122220401N1
A case report of successful permanent pacemaker implantation via the iliac vein
Authors: Yamaguchi Tetsuo , Miyamoto Takamichi , Yamauchi Yasuteru , Obayashi Tohru 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAn 85‐year‐old man was referred to our hospital with a pacemaker pocket infection. A permanent pacemaker had been implanted via the right subclavian vein. The pacemaker and pacing leads were removed and a temporary pacemaker was implanted. After vancomycin treatment for 4 weeks, pacemaker implantation via the right external iliac vein was performed under local anesthesia because of left subclavian vein occlusion, infection of the right pocket, and difficulty with epicardial lead insertion. The iliac vein approach is an effective alternative in patients in whom the pectoral approach cannot be used.Learning objective: Permanent pacemaker implantation using the conventional pectoral approach is impossible or contraindicated in 1–6% of patients. In such patients, implantation via the iliac vein is considered an effective alternative. The advantages of this approach are that the wound size and bleeding amount are very small and that it can be performed under local anesthesia. Therefore, this approach can be used in patients with a poor general condition, including elderly patients.
What We Talk About When We Talk About Harmonisation
Authors: KLAMERT Marcus 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWhen we talk about harmonisation, we may mean quite different things. There is a close, yet often unclear, relationship between minimum harmonisation and mutual recognition on the one hand, and between full harmonisation and the country of origin principle on the other hand. This paper will discuss harmonisation in relation to these other regulatory models with, among others, the Tobacco Products and Services Directives as illustrations. Moreover, many years afterTobbaco Advertising IandIIit remains entirely unclear how minimum harmonisation instruments must be designed in order to be lawful. This paper proposes a consistent reading of the case law on what is called legislative minimum harmonisation based on Article 114 TFEU. It is also shown that the Court of Justice of the European Union applies a lenient standard to more stringent national measures under what is called constitutional minimum harmonisation based on competences for social policy and the environment.