bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-canonical function of ADAM10 in presynaptic plasticity
Authors: Bär Julia , Fanutza Tomas , Reimann Christopher C. , Seipold Lisa , Grohe Maja , Bolter Janike Rabea , Delfs Flemming , Bucher Michael , Gee Christine E. , Schweizer Michaela , Saftig Paul , Mikhaylova Marina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) plays a pivotal role in shaping neuronal networks by orchestrating the activity of numerous membrane proteins through the shedding of their extracellular domains. Despite its significance in the brain, the specific cellular localization of ADAM10 remains not well understood due to a lack of appropriate tools. Here, using a specific ADAM10 antibody suitable for immunostainings, we observed that ADAM10 is localized to presynapses and especially enriched at presynaptic vesicles of mossy fiber (MF)-CA3 synapses in the hippocampus. These synapses undergo pronounced frequency facilitation of neurotransmitter release, a process that play critical roles in information transfer and neural computation. We demonstrate, that in conditional ADAM10 knockout mice the ability of MF synapses to undergo this type of synaptic plasticity is greatly reduced. The loss of facilitation depends on the cytosolic domain of ADAM10 and association with the calcium sensor synaptotagmin 7 rather than ADAM10’s proteolytic activity. Our findings unveil a new role of ADAM10 in the regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
Vulnerability of Physical Infrastructure Network Components to Damage from the 2015 Illapel Tsunami, Coquimbo, Chile
Authors: Williams James H. , Paulik Ryan , Aránguiz Rafael , Wild Alec 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study assesses physical infrastructure vulnerability for infrastructure network components exposed during the 2015 Illapel tsunami in Coquimbo, Chile. We analyse road and utility pole vulnerability to damage, based on interpolated and simulated tsunami hazard intensity (flow depth, flow velocity, hydrodynamic force and momentum flux) and network component characteristics. A Random Forest Model and Spearman’s Rank correlation test are applied to analyse variable importance and monotonic relationships, with respect to damage, between tsunami hazards and network component attributes. These models and tests reveal that flow depth correlates higher with damage, relative to flow velocity, hydrodynamic force and momentum flux. Scour (for roads and utility poles) and debris strikes (for utility poles) are strongly correlated with damage. A cumulative link model methodology is used to fit fragility curves. These fragility curves reveal that, in response to flow depth, Coquimbo roads have higher vulnerability than those analysed in previous tsunami event studies, while utility poles demonstrate lower vulnerability than with previous studies. Although we identify tsunami flow depth as the most important hydrodynamic hazard intensity metric, for causing road and utility pole damage, multiple characteristics correlate with damage and should also be considered when classifying infrastructure damage levels.
German Society of Neurology guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment and affective disorders in people with Parkinson’s disease: new spotlights on diagnostic procedures and non-pharmacological interventions
Authors: Kalbe Elke , Folkerts Ann-Kristin , Witt Karsten , Buhmann Carsten , Liepelt-Scarfone Inga ,   for the German Parkinson’s Guidelines Group
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background and objective
Cognitive impairment and dementia as well as affective disorders are common and debilitating syndromes that develop in people with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD). The authors summarized recommendations for the 2023 updated German guidelines on “Parkinson’s disease” from the German Neurological Society (DGN), focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.

Methods
The recommendations were based on literature reviews, other relevant guidelines, and expert opinions.

Results
Measurements to assess cognitive and affective states were reviewed for psychometric properties, use in routine clinical practice, and availability in German. To improve mild cognitive impairment, cognitive training and physical aerobic training are recommended. To treat Parkinson’s disease (PD)-related dementia, cognitive stimulation (as a non-pharmacological intervention) and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs, i.e., rivastigmine) are recommended. Cognitive behavioral therapy is recommended to treat depression, anxiety, and fear of progression. Physical interventions are recommended to treat depression, fatigue, and apathy. Optimized dopaminergic treatment is the first-line pharmacological strategy recommended to manage depression, apathy, anhedonia, fatigue, and mood swings. Major depression can be additionally treated using venlafaxine or desipramine, while moderate depression can be treated pharmacologically according to its clinical phenotype (psychomotor retardation or agitation) and comorbidities (e.g., sleep disturbances, pain). Venlafaxine and nortriptyline can be used to treat anhedonia, while citalopram can be used for anxiety.

Conclusions
In addition to the updated pharmacological treatment options, new insights into recommendations for standardized diagnostics and non-pharmacological interventions were provided for the German health care system. However, more studies are needed to explore the full potential of non-pharmacological interventions to treat and prevent cognitive impairment and affective disorders.
Global quantitative robustness of regression feed-forward neural networks
Authors: Werner Tino 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNeural networks are an indispensable model class for many complex learning tasks. Despite the popularity and importance of neural networks and many different established techniques from literature for stabilization and robustification of the training, the classical concepts from robust statistics have rarely been considered so far in the context of neural networks. Therefore, we adapt the notion of the regression breakdown point to regression neural networks and compute the breakdown point for different feed-forward network configurations and contamination settings. In an extensive simulation study, we compare the performance, measured by the out-of-sample loss, by a proxy of the breakdown rate and by the training steps, of non-robust and robust regression feed-forward neural networks in a plethora of different configurations. The results indeed motivate to use robust loss functions for neural network training.
Energy-related uncertainty, financial regulations, and environmental sustainability in the United States
Authors: Meo Muhammad Saeed , Ademokoya Alade Ayodeji , Abubakar Attahir B. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe US has been classified as being “insufficient” by the Climate Action Tracker, indicating that the current actions and policies fall short of addressing critical environmental challenges. This suggests the need for enhancing the existing policy measures for improving environmental sustainability. To this end, this study investigates the time-varying impact of energy-related uncertainty and financial regulations on sectoral CO2 emissions in the US. The bootstrap rolling-window Granger causality approach is employed to examine quarterly data spanning 1990Q1–2021Q4. The estimation results reveal that energy-related uncertainty increases CO2 emissions in the transportation, residential, manufacturing, and construction sectors. On the other hand, financial regulations are found to reduce CO2 emissions across the agricultural, transportation, residential, manufacturing, and construction sectors. The findings suggest the need for enhanced policy measures to improve energy stability and strengthen financial regulations focusing on climate-related disclosures and facilitating investments in low-carbon initiatives.
Graphical abstract
T2-FLAIR mismatch sign, an imaging biomarker for CDKN2A-intact in non-enhancing astrocytoma, IDH-mutant
Authors: Onishi Shumpei , Kojima Masato , Yamasaki Fumiyuki , Amatya Vishwa Jeet , Yonezawa Ushio , Taguchi Akira , Ozono Iori , Go Yukari , Takeshima Yukio , Hiyama Eiso , Horie Nobutaka 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The WHO classification of central nervous system tumors (5th edition) classified astrocytoma, IDH-mutant accompanied with CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion as WHO grade 4. Loss of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) was developed as a surrogate marker for CDKN2A-HD. Identification of imaging biomarkers for CDKN2A status is of immense clinical relevance. In this study, we explored the association between radiological characteristics of non-enhancing astrocytoma, IDH-mutant to the CDKN2A/B status.

Methods
Thirty-one cases of astrocytoma, IDH-mutant with MTAP results by IHC were included in this study. The status of CDKN2A was diagnosed by IHC staining for MTAP in all cases, which was further confirmed by comprehensive genomic analysis in 12 cases. The T2-FLAIR mismatch sign, cystic component, calcification, and intratumoral microbleeding were evaluated. The relationship between the radiological features and molecular pathological diagnosis was analyzed.

Results
Twenty-six cases were identified as CDKN2A-intact while 5 cases were CDKN2A-HD. The presence of > 33% and > 50% T2-FLAIR mismatch was observed in 23 cases (74.2%) and 14 cases (45.2%), respectively, and was associated with CDKN2A-intact astrocytoma (p = 0.0001, 0.0482). None of the astrocytoma, IDH-mutant with CDKN2A-HD showed T2-FLAIR mismatch sign. Cystic component, calcification, and intratumoral microbleeding were not associated with CDKN2A status.

Conclusion
In patients with non-enhancing astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign is a potential imaging biomarker for the CDKN2A-intact subtype. This imaging biomarker may enable preoperative prediction of CDKN2A status among astrocytoma, IDH-mutant.
Public Administration Capacity Building through Exploring Downward Counterfactuals
Authors: Woo G. , Gargiulo M. V. , Napolitano F. , Amoroso O. , Russo R. , Capuano P. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOf all natural disasters, those especially liable to exhaust capacity are those that occur without a precedent, and cause surprise to public administration officials. This paper addresses this issue. Surprise can be mitigated by considering downward counterfactuals, which can be viewed as contributing to surprise management. These are alternative realizations of historical events, where things turned for the worse. Disaster risk may be mitigated by focusing on downward counterfactuals. Particular focus is given to the earthquake and volcanic risk at Campi Flegrei, in the Naples region of Italy, where the bradyseism crisis of 1982–1983 is considered from a downward counterfactual perspective.
Preparation of T8 and double-decker silsesquioxane-based Janus-type molecules: molecular modeling and DFT insights
Authors: Duszczak-Kaczmarek Julia , Mituła-Chmielowiec Katarzyna , Rzonsowska Monika , Jankowski Wojciech , Hoffmann Marcin , Walkowiak Jędrzej , Dudziec Beata 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe present a methodology for the synthesis of inorganic-organic Janus-type molecules based on mono-T8 and difunctionalized double-decker silsesquioxanes (DDSQs) via hydrosilylation reactions, achieving exceptionally high yields and selectivities. The synthesized compounds were extensively characterized using various spectroscopic techniques, and their sizes and spatial arrangements were predicted through molecular modelling and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Quantum chemical calculations were employed to examine the interactions among four molecules of the synthesized compounds. These computational results allowed us to determine the propensity for molecular aggregation, identify the functional groups involved in these interactions, and understand the changes in interatomic distances during aggregation. Understanding the aggregation behaviour of silsesquioxane molecules is crucial for tailoring their properties for specific applications, such as nanocomposites, surface coatings, drug delivery systems, and catalysts. Through a combination of experimental and computational approaches, this study provides valuable insights into the design and optimization of silsesquioxane-based Janus-type molecules for enhanced performance across various fields.
Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete for Underground Infrastructure Constructions - Case Studies
Authors: Daneti S B , Kum Y J 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
With superior ductility and toughness provided by steel-fiber reinforcement to flexural elements compared to other kinds of fibers, use of steel-fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) in construction in general and underground infrastructure in particular is increasing in recent years. The use of SFRC has grown, due to better acceptance by designers, consultants and owners in construction projects who are further supported by improved design guidance through standards, robust equipment availability and/or better methods for construction. In addition, new developments in materials technology and innovative techniques at precast and ready mixed concrete plants for SFRC production with higher quality controls suitable for wide range of applications, improved post cracking residual flexural tensile strength and durability performance of SFRC helped drive the adoption. In this paper two SFRC case studies are presented on underground infrastructure tunnel construction from Singapore projects: 1) SFRC precast segmental lining for mass rapid transport (MRT) and 2) SFRC cast in-situ lining for construction of Deep Sewer Tunnel Sewerage System (DTSS) Phase 2. Project specifications of SFRC concretes, workability considerations, dosing of fibers at ready mix concrete plants, handling, and placing and finishing of concrete are covered briefly. Some of the trials and/or actual casting testing results from the projects on compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, residual flexural tensile strength after cracking and durability considerations are also presented. Typical relationship between SRFC concrete properties, concrete strength, and the ratio of fR,1/fR,3 are discussed to further understand the behaviour of SFRC towards possible greater adoptions in future projects.
A Review on Mechanical Characteristics of Graphene Oxide and Alccofine in Cement Composites
Authors: Yeswanth Sai T , Jagadeesh P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In recent decades, concrete is one of the broadly utilized construction materials world-wide. Currently, more than 20 to 25 billion tons of concrete materials are consumed annually. In traditional concrete, versatile resources like sand, aggregate, water, and cement are utilized, where the aggregate content is a major element that has far-reaching, and direct effects on the concrete quality. Higher quality aggregates are important that effectively improves the quality of concrete. In traditional concrete, the coarse aggregates consume 60% to 85% volume that delivers hardened and fresh characteristics to concrete, and the fine aggregates consume 15% to 40% volume. This review paper investigates the effects of alccofine, and graphene oxide in concrete and examined the behavior of concrete specimens by means of compressive test, flexural test, slump test, split tensile test. Further this review paper investigates the mechanical property of concrete by varying the dosage rate of alccofine and graphene oxide.
Experimental study on sustainable cement concrete paver blocks incorporating coconut shell aggregate, quarry dust, silica fume and rice husk ash.
Authors: Vivek Yalangi , Paluri Yeswanth , Ganesh P , Pampana Lavanya Devi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Owing to India’s extensive geographical expanse and diverse topographical circumstances, road transport has emerged as a crucial means of transit in the country. The Indian government is prioritising the enhancement of road transport infrastructure nationwide by allocating substantial capital investments. An eminent concern in India revolves around the insufficient allocation of infrastructure for pedestrians and non-motorized vehicles. An effective approach to tackle this problem is to establish dedicated infrastructure facilities for pedestrians and non-motorized vehicles. Paver blocks are predominantly utilised for the construction of these structures and the most common type of paver blocks used are Concrete Paver Blocks (CPB). Due to the lower strength criteria for these CPB, a diverse array of waste/alternate materials are being utilised in the production of CPB. This study seeks to examine the application of silica fume and rice husk ash as supplemental cementitious materials (SCMs), and coconut shell aggregate and quarry dust as substitutes for coarse and fine aggregates, respectively, in CPB. The study aims to assess the strength, durability, and abrasion properties of environmentally friendly concrete paver blocks. Replacing cement with CSA and QD weakens concrete, whereas adding SCMs like RHA and SF strengthens it. Because CS30QD30R20S10 has somewhat higher strength than CM, the combination of CSA, QD, RHA, and SF may be more environmentally beneficial. Higher CSA and QD concentration increased abrasion loss, presumably due to a weaker matrix. However, SCMs improved abrasion resistance. CS30QD30R20S10 had somewhat less abrasion loss than CM, hence CPB produced with it will function better.
Laboratory investigation of concrete paver blocks containing RAP aggregates, fly ash and GGBS
Authors: Ditendra Veligatla , Paluri Yeswanth , Rebka K , Sudheer Kankatala Sreenivasa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A significant issue in India is the inadequate provision of infrastructure for pedestrians and non-motorized vehicles. Most road infrastructure constructed lacks adequate provisions for pedestrian safety and convenience. Paver blocks are widely used for constructing pedestrian and non-motorized vehicle facilities due to its aesthetic appeal, walking comfort, exceptional durability, and low maintenance requirements. The predominant type of paver blocks that are utilized are Concrete Paver Blocks (CPB). The environmental ramifications of raw material extraction for concrete are significant, underscoring the necessity to investigate sustainable alternatives. This study aims to investigate the utilization of flyash and GGBS as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregates as a replacement for coarse and fine aggregates in CPB. The focus of the study is on evaluating the strength, durability, and abrasion characteristics of the sustainable CPBs. The results of the study indicated that use of RAP as aggregate substitute resulted in slightly inferior properties in strength, durability and abrasion. However, the use of SCMs resulted in a mix with properties similar to that of the control mix. The research indicates that using RAP with SCMs enhances performance of CPB and might serve as an eco-friendly and sustainable substitute for traditional CPBs.
Strength and durability characteristics of self compacting recycled aggregate concrete incorporating crumb rubber, fly ash and silica fume
Authors: Siva Prasad Ragireddy Veera Venkata , Paluri Yeswanth , Hemanth A , Ganesh P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study deals with the development of an environmentally sustainable Self-compacting recycled aggregate concrete (SCRAC) incorporating crumb rubber (CR), fly ash (FA) and silica fume (SF). The study gains significance due to increased popularity of environmental-friendly building materials. M50 grade self compacting concrete (SCC) was designed as per EFNARC 2005 specifications and the influence of recycled aggregate (CRA) (as coarse aggregate replacement), CR (as fine aggregate replacement), and FA & SF (as supplementary cementitious materials) on the workability, strength, and durability characteristics of SCC. Slump flow, T500, L-box, and V-funnel, U-Box tests were used to evaluate the workability in accordance with the standards set by EFNARC 2005. The compressive, and flexural strengths were measured after 7 and 28 days of curing to evaluate the strength properties of SCC. Sorptivity and Water absorption were used to understand the durability characteristics of the SCC mixes. Test results indicate that use of CRA and CR impair SCC’s workability, while use of SCMs improved the workability. It can be noted that all mixes fulfilled EFNARC criteria for fresh properties. A decrease in strength was seen when NA was replaced with CRA and CR. The 28-day compressive strength and flexural strength of SCC were reduced by about 21.78% and 19.51%, respectively, when 100% CRA was used instead of NCA and 10% CR was used instead of NFA. To over come this loss in strength SCMs could be effectively used and it based on the study, RA100CR10F20S10 combination had strength properties similar to those of CM. Similar trend was observed in durability properties as well. Therefore, it can be concluded that CR, FA and SF has a positive impact on the strength and durability of SCRAC and can be a sustainable alternative.
CFD analysis of flow over ogee spillway with varying upstream face slope
Authors: Siva Parvathi I , Neelofer Atiya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Spillway design plays a vital role in the management of water resources. Because of its high hydraulic performance and ability to transmit flows safely and efficiently when designed, the Ogee spillway has been a major research project. The spillway must carry more flow than intended if the predicted maximum flood has risen. The present study examines a spillway model with different slopes on the upstream face through commonly used spillway designs from the Waterways Experimental Station (WES). The investigation is performed with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling employing ANSYS-Fluent. An analysis was conducted to examine the distribution of pressure throughout the spillway, taking into account variations in the spillway’s shape and the height of the water over the top. Furthermore, the impact of the inverse curve on the distribution of pressure around the toe was investigated. The flow simulation included RNG k- ε turbulence and Volume of Fluid (VOF) models, including the interaction between water and air. The presence of an inclined upstream face with a 1:3 slope at the design head resulted in a 10.03 percent decrease in pressure at the crest. Similarly, the inclusion of an inclined upstream face with a 2:3 slope led to a 32.75 percent reduction in pressure at the crest. Using an inverse curve at the downstream toe consistently led to a reduction in pressure at the toe region in all instances.