bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Male-specific Fruitless isoforms have different regulatory roles conferred by distinct zinc finger DNA binding domains
Authors: Dalton Justin E , Fear Justin M , Knott Simon , Baker Bruce S , McIntyre Lauren M , Arbeitman Michelle N 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundDrosophila melanogasteradult males perform an elaborate courtship ritual to entice females to mate.fruitless(fru), a gene that is one of the key regulators of male courtship behavior, encodes multiple male-specific isoforms (FruM). These isoforms vary in their carboxy-terminal zinc finger domains, which are predicted to facilitate DNA binding.ResultsBy over-expressing individual FruMisoforms infru-expressing neurons in either males or females and assaying the global transcriptional response by RNA-sequencing, we show that three FruMisoforms have different regulatory activities that depend on the sex of the fly. We identified several sets of genes regulated downstream of FruMisoforms, including many annotated with neuronal functions. By determining the binding sites of individual FruMisoforms using SELEX we demonstrate that the distinct zinc finger domain of each FruMisoforms confers different DNA binding specificities. A genome-wide search for these binding site sequences finds that the gene sets identified as induced by over-expression of FruMisoforms in males are enriched for genes that contain the binding sites. An analysis of the chromosomal distribution of genes downstream of FruMshows that those that are induced and repressed in males are highly enriched and depleted on the X chromosome, respectively.ConclusionsThis study elucidates the different regulatory and DNA binding activities of three FruMisoforms on a genome-wide scale and identifies genes regulated by these isoforms. These results add to our understanding of sex chromosome biology and further support the hypothesis that in some cell-types genes with male-biased expression are enriched on the X chromosome.
Major response with sorafenib in advanced renal cell carcinoma after 14 years of follow-up
Authors: Guerin Mathilde , Salem Naji , Walz Jochen , Dermeche Slimane , Gravis Gwenaelle 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have dramatically improved the prognosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, it remains unknown whether treatment should be continued until progression or discontinued in patients with good response. We present the history of a woman diagnosed with RCC in 1997, who started sorafenib in 2004, two years after the occurrence of lung and mediastinal metastases. Over the following 8 years, the sorafenib dose was reduced at least 3 times due to toxicity and the treatment was discontinued twice upon the patient’s decision, from May 2005 to March 2009, then from January 2011 to August 2011. The last evaluation in January 2013 showed stable disease. This case illustrates the feasibility of treatment discontinuation without negative impact on survival, as previously shown by some authors.
Murine analogues of etanercept and of F8-IL10 inhibit the progression of collagen-induced arthritis in the mouse
Authors: Doll Fabia , Schwager Kathrin , Hemmerle Teresa , Neri Dario 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Etanercept is a fusion protein consisting of the soluble portion of the p75-tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) and the Fc fragment of human IgG1, which is often used for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. F8-IL10 is a human immunocytokine based on the F8 antibody and interleukin-10, which is currently being investigated in rheumatoid arthritis with promising clinical results. We have aimed at expressing murine versions of these two fusion proteins, in order to assess their pharmaceutical performance in the collagen-induced model of rheumatoid arthritis in the mouse.

Methods
Two fusion proteins (termed muTNFR-Fc and F8-muIL10) were cloned, expressed in chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, purified and characterized. Biological activity of muTNFR-Fc was assessed by its ability to inhibit TNF-induced killing of mouse fibroblasts, while F8-muIL10 was characterized in terms of muIL10 activity, of binding affinity to the cognate antigen of F8, the alternatively-spliced EDA domain of fibronectin, by quantitative biodistribution analysis and in vivo imaging. The therapeutic activity of both fusion proteins was investigated in a collagen-induced mouse model of arthritis. Mouse plasma was analyzed for anti-drug antibody formation and cytokine levels were determined by bead-based multiplex technology. The association of F8-IL10 proteins with blood cells was studied in a centrifugation assay with radiolabeled protein.

Results
Both fusion proteins exhibited excellent purity and full biological activity in vitro. In addition, F8-muIL10 was able to localize on newly-formed blood vessels in vivo. When used in a murine model of arthritis, the two proteins inhibited arthritis progression. The activity of muTNFR-Fc was tested alone and in combination with F8-huIL10. The chimeric version of F8-IL10 was not better then the fully human fusion protein and showed similar generation of mouse anti-fusion protein antibodies. Incubation studies of F8-muIL10 and F8-huIL10 with blood revealed that only the fully human fusion protein is not associated with cellular components at concentrations as low as 0.2 μg/ml, thus facilitating its extravasation from blood vessels.

Conclusions
The described products may represent useful research tools for the study of the anti-arthritic properties of TNF blockade and of IL10-based immunocytokines in syngeneic immunocompetent models of arthritis.
Jak/STAT and PI3K signaling pathways have both common and distinct roles in IL-7-mediated activities in human CD8+ T cells
Authors: Crawley Angela M , Vranjkovic Agatha , Faller Elliott , McGuinty Michaeline , Busca Aurelia , Burke Stephanie C , Cousineau Sophie , Kumar Ashok , MacPherson Paul A , Angel Jonathan B 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTIL-7 plays an important role in T cell survival, function, and memory cell development, yet the role of cytokine signaling pathways in these processes has not been fully elucidated. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms for the observed impairment of IL-7 activity in diseases, such as HIV infection, breast cancer, and autoimmunity, are not well understood. It was therefore hypothesized that IL-7-induced signaling molecules could be linked with distinct IL-7-associated activities. To address this, the activation and functional associations of IL-7-induced signaling pathways, specifically antigen-independent activities that are relevant to T cell homeostasis, were examined. Low concentrations of IL-7 (100 pg/ml) are capable of activating the Jak-STAT and PI3K signaling pathways, whereas higher concentrations (500–1000 pg/ml) were required to induce Bcl-2 production and glucose uptake. Even higher concentrations of IL-7 (10,000 pg/ml) were needed to induce cell proliferation and intracellular accumulation of perforin. Inhibition of Jak activation reduced IL-7-induced Bcl-2 and perforin production, whereas inhibition of Jak/STAT or PI3K pathways reduced glucose uptake and proliferation. This study suggests a complex control of IL-7-associated activities in the absence of antigen stimulation. These data may provide insights into mechanisms of impaired IL-7 signaling and function in disease and could be relevant for the study of IL-7-based immunotherapeutics. Specifically, this study has linked STAT5 and PI3K activation to shared and distinct IL-7-associated activities in human CD8+ T cells.
Comparison of rotator cuff muscle architecture among humans and selected vertebrate species
Authors: Mathewson Margie A. , Kwan Alan , Eng Carolyn M. , Lieber Richard L. , Ward Samuel R. 
Published: September 2013

SummaryIn this study, we compare rotator cuff muscle architecture of typically used animal models to humans and quantify the scaling relationships of these muscles across mammals. The four muscles that correspond to the human rotator cuff: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor, of 10 commonly studied animals were excised and subjected to a series of comparative measurements. When body mass among animals was regressed against PCSA (physiological cross sectional area), muscle mass, and normalized fiber length, the confidence intervals suggested geometric scaling but did not exclude other scaling relationships. Based on the architectural difference index, a combined measure of fiber length-to-moment arm ratio, fiber length-to-muscle length ratio, and the fraction of the total rotator cuff physiological cross-sectional area contributed by each muscle, chimpanzees were found to be the most similar to humans (ADI=2.15), followed closely by capuchins (ADI=2.16). Interestingly, of the eight non-primates studied, smaller mammals such as mice, rats, and dogs were more similar to humans in architectural parameters compared to larger mammals such as sheep, pigs, or cows. The force production vs. velocity trade-off (indicated by fiber length-to-moment arm ratio) and the excursion ability (indicated by fiber length-to-muscle length ratio) of humans was also most similar to primates, followed by the small mammals. Overall, primates provide the best architectural representations of human muscle architecture. However, based on the muscle architectural parameters of non-primates, smaller rather than larger mammals may be better models for studying muscles related to the human rotator cuff.
Hawkmoth flight stability in turbulent vortex streets
Authors: Ortega-Jimenez Victor Manuel , Greeter Jeremy S.M. , Mittal Rajat , Hedrick Tyson L. 
Published: September 2013

SummaryShedding of vortices is a common phenomenon in the atmosphere over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. However, it is unclear how these vortices of varying scales affect the flight performance of flying animals. In order to examine these interactions we trained seven hawkmoths (Manduca sexta) (wingspan ~9 cm) to fly and feed in a wind tunnel under steady flow (controls) and in the Von Kármán vortex street of vertically oriented cylinders (two different cylinders with diameters of 10 and 5 cm) at speeds of 0.5, 1 and 2 ms-1. Cylinders were placed at distances of 5, 25 and 100 cm upstream of the moths. Moths exhibited large amplitude yaw oscillations coupled with modest oscillations in roll and pitch, and slight increases in wingbeat frequency when flying in both the near (recirculating) and middle (vortex dominated) wake regions. Wingbeat amplitude did not vary among treatments, except at 1 ms-1 for the large cylinder. Yaw and roll oscillations were synchronized with the vortex shedding frequencies in moths flying in the wake of the large cylinder at all speeds. In contrast, yaw and pitch were synchronized with the shedding frequency of small vortices at speeds ≤ 1 ms-1. Oscillations in body orientation were also substantially smaller in the small cylinder treatment when compared to the large cylinder, regardless of temporal or non-dimensional spatial scale. Moths flying in steady conditions reached a higher air speed than into cylinder wakes. In general, flight effects produced by the cylinder wakes were qualitatively similar among the recirculating and vortex dominated wake regions; the magnitude of those effects, however, declined gradually with downstream distance.
On the identities of Senecio lanatus and Senecio populifolius
Authors: Anderberg Arne A. , Jarvis Charlie 
Published: September 2013

AbstractOriginal material of Senecio lanatus L. and Senecio populifolius L., two names that are not in current use, has been located. It is concluded that, in both cases, this material is identifiable as the South African species currently known as Senecio verbascifolius Burm. f., a name that postdates the two Linnaean names. Lectotypes for the three names are selected and it is concluded that nomenclatural stability would be best served by proposing the rejection of the two Linnaean names.
Gymnaconitum, a new genus of Ranunculaceae endemic to the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Wei , Liu Yang , Yu Sheng-Xiang , Gao Tian-Gang , Chen Zhi-Duan 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe monophyly of traditional Aconitum remains unresolved, owing to the controversial systematic position and taxonomic treatment of the monotypic, Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau endemic A. subg. Gymnaconitum. In this study, we analyzed two datasets using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods: (1) two markers (ITS, trnL–F) of 285 Delphinieae species, and (2) six markers (ITS, trnL–F, trnH–psbA, trnK–matK, trnS–trnG, rbcL) of 32 Delphinieae species. All our analyses show that traditional Aconitum is not monophyletic and that subgenus Gymnaconitum and a broadly defined Delphinium form a clade. The SOWH tests also reject the inclusion of subgenus Gymnaconitum in traditional Aconitum. Subgenus Gymnaconitum markedly differs from other species of Aconitum and other genera of tribe Delphinieae in many non–molecular characters. By integrating lines of evidence from molecular phylogeny, divergence times, morphology, and karyology, we raise the monotypic A. subg. Gymnaconitum to generic status.
On Partially Honest Nash Implementation in Private Good Economies with Restricted Domains: A Sufficient Condition
Authors: Doghmi Ahmed , Ziad Abderrahmane 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn this article, we study the problem of Nash implementation in private good economies with single-peaked, single-plateaued, and single-dipped preferences in the presence of at least one minimally honest agent. We prove that all solutions of the problem of fair division satisfying unanimity can be implemented in Nash equilibria as long as there are at least three agents participating in the mechanism (game form). To justify this result, we provide a list of solutions which violate the condition of no-veto power.
Some Error Estimates for the Finite Volume Element Method for a Parabolic Problem
Authors: Chatzipantelidis Panagiotis , Lazarov Raytcho , Thomée Vidar 
Published: September 2013

Abstract.
We study spatially semidiscrete and fully discrete finite volume
element methods for the homogeneous heat equation with
homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions and derive error estimates
for smooth and nonsmooth initial data. We show that the results of
our earlier work [Math. Comp. 81 (2012), 1–20]
for the lumped mass method carry over to
the present situation. In particular, in order for error estimates for
initial data only in L2 to be of optimal second order for positive
time, a special condition is required, which is satisfied for
symmetric triangulations. Without any such condition, only first order
convergence can be shown, which is illustrated by a counterexample.
Improvements hold for triangulations that are almost symmetric and
piecewise almost symmetric.
Unconditionally Monotone Schemes for Unsteady Convection-Diffusion Problems
Authors: Afanas'eva Nadyezhda M. , Churbanov Alexander G. , Vabishchevich Petr N. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract.
This paper deals with constructing monotone schemes of the second-order accuracy in space
for transient convection-diffusion problems.
They are based on a reformulation of the convective and diffusive transport terms
using the convective terms in the divergent and nondivergent forms.
The stability of the difference schemes is established in the uniform
and L1 norm. For 2D problems, unconditionally monotone schemes
of splitting with respect to spatial variables are developed.
Unconditionally stable schemes for problems of convection-diffusion-reaction are proposed, too.
Learning to analyse and write extended speech acts in the foreign language classroom
Authors: Gesuato, Sara 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
An approach is presented for familiarizing foreign language learners with the content and organization of extended written speech acts. It comprises awareness-raising activities (e.g. matching text segments with functional glosses, providing glosses for text segments), manipulation tasks (e.g. reconstructing texts whose functional components are provided in jumbled order) and writing tasks (e.g. drafting texts at first by following directions which specify functional components, and then by drawing on descriptions of communicative scenarios). The approach shows how explicit training in linguistic-textual strategies can enable foreign language learners to develop metalinguistic awareness (i.e. to recognise the connections between linguistic forms and functions) and to develop interactional skills (i.e. to verbally negotiate social rights and duties effectively and politely).
Early nineteenth-century advertisements in the South African Commercial Advertiser – Global scheme and advertiser presentation
Authors: Włodarczyk, Matylda 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Advertisements need to focus on a product or service on offer in order to disseminate a message effectively. Any other focus, for instance on the advertisement�s provider, seems at first sight counterintuitive. However, in an early nineteenth-century South African newspaper analysed here (1824), the focus is frequently on the advertisers themselves, because separate brand names or logos are not in use. Therefore, advertiser presentation appears to be a striking feature of the text type in the period. In this paper two basic strategies of advertiser presentation are discussed. Firstly, advertisers may be backgrounded by means of passivisation and block strategies. Secondly, advertisers may be foregrounded by means of third-person author (self) reference. The paper aims at integrating these two strategies into the global scheme of ad structure as discussed, among others, by Gieszinger (2001), Auf dem Keller (2004), G�rlach (2004), Gotti (2005) and Studer (2008).
A Quality Improvement Project to Improve Compliance With The Joint Commission Children’s Asthma Care-3 Measure
Authors: Kuhlmann Stephanie , Mason Brooke , Ahlers-Schmidt Carolyn R. 
Published: September 2013

Background and objective:Since the initiation of the Children’s Asthma Care (CAC) core measures in 2008, hospitals have struggled to achieve a high rate of compliance with the CAC-3 measure of the Home Management Plan of Care (HMPC). At inception of this project in 2009, the national average was 65% compliance, which has now increased to 80%. These rates are below the Hospital Corporation of America’s goal of 90% compliance. Our objective was to identify potential pitfalls that interfere with compliance on CAC-3 at our institution and to devise solutions to increase compliance to &gt;90%.Methods:Inpatient pediatric patients at a community teaching hospital in a predominantly rural state were included in our interrupted time-series quality improvement project from 2008 to 2011. Patients were between 2 and 17 years of age with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9), primary diagnosis code of asthma at time of discharge. We identified potential stumbling blocks that interfered with compliance of CAC measures and then implemented repeated Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles to improve processes, including redesign of the HMPC form, education, and electronic documentation tied to the discharge medication reconciliation form, which is also required by The Joint Commission.Results:We started with an average quarterly compliance of 43% with CAC-3 before our PDSA cycles. We have improved our compliance after the 2 PDSA cycles to an average of 97%.Conclusions:By linking the HMPC form to the discharge medication reconciliation form, we were able to achieve and maintain &gt;90% compliance with CAC-3.
How will the Promethean myth end?
Authors: Šmajs Josef 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The author notes that European spiritual culture has provided the world with two great myths: the myth of Jesus Christ and the Promethean myth. These two myths were an early indication of the rise of the hidden predatory spiritual paradigm. As a result of this paradigm (setting), later culture hypertrophically strengthened the human genetic predisposition towards an aggressive adaptive strategy. It is therefore necessary, according to the author, to expose and criticize this predatory paradigm and eventually transform it into a biophilic paradigm. If we want to understand this requirement, we need a higher-order theory, an evolutionary ontological theory of culture. One of the ways of achieving this objective is to weaken and criticize the myth in which the defiant Prometheus acts as an honored civilization hero. In the second part the author briefly introduces his evolutionary-ontological concept of culture. He defends the claim that culture is an artificial system with its own internal information and that two types of order have come into existence within culture in harmony with this information (spiritual culture): 1. strictly information-prescribed structures (specifically the material culture and technology), 2. Spontaneously (through succession) originating structures (especially institutions). If we want to change the orientation of the cultural system, we have to change not only its current information but also its former spiritual setting (paradigm).
Evolutionary-ontological reflection on physical activity of man in culture
Authors: Moudr Vratislav 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This article is written from the perspective of Josef Šmajs’ evolutionary ontology and considers physical activity in humans. It focuses in detail on a particular form—physical exercise. In the author’s opinion, current physical exercise (sport activity) and any other human form of activity is part of the internal autopoietic processes of the sociocultural system, which displays an ever-increasingly destructive tendency towards its natural environment—towards the host system of the biosphere. The author attempts to establish the degree and manner to which the anti-nature activity of physical exercise varies, but also seeks to point out how they contribute to a potential biophilic transformation of culture.
Verification of responses of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) to anti‐androgens, vinclozolin and flutamide, in short‐term assays
Authors: Nakamura Ataru , Takanobu Hitomi , Tamura Ikumi , Yamamuro Masumi , Iguchi Taisen , Tatarazako Norihisa 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTVarious testing methods for the detection of the endocrine disruptive activities of chemicals have been developed in freshwater fish species. However, a few relatively easier specific methods for detecting anti‐androgenic activities are available for fish. The aim of this study was to verify the papillary process in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) as an indicator of the anti‐androgenic activity of chemicals. Japanese medaka were exposed to two types of anti‐androgenic compounds, vinclozolin and flutamide, using two short‐term assays; one was conformed to the existing short‐term reproduction assay using adult fish (adult test) and the other was a test based on the same methods but using juvenile fish at the beginning of exposure (juvenile test). Significant decreases in male papillary processes were observed in the juvenile test treated with the highest concentration of both antiandrogens (640 µg l–1 vinclozolin and 1000 µg l–1 flutamide); however, no significant effects were observed in the adult test. Consequently, our results indicate that papillary processes in Japanese medaka can be used as the end‐point for screening the anti‐androgenic activity of chemicals using juvenile fish for a specific period based on the existing short‐term reproduction assay. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.