bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corundum (sapphire) and zircon relationships, Lava Plains gem fields, NE Australia: Integrated mineralogy, geochemistry, age determination, genesis and geographical typing
Authors: Sutherland F. L. , Coenraads R. R. , Abduriyim A. , Meffre S. , Hoskin P. W. O. , Giuliani G. , Beattie R. , Wuhrer R. , Sutherland G. B. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractGem minerals at Lava Plains, northeast Queensland, offer further insights into mantle-crustal gemformation under young basalt fields. Combined mineralogy, U-Pb age determination, oxygen isotope and petrological data on megacrysts and meta-aluminosilicate xenoliths establish a geochemical evolution in sapphire, zircon formation between 5 to 2 Ma. Sapphire megacrysts with magmatic signatures (Fe/Mg ∼100–1000, Ga/Mg 3–18) grew with ∼3 Ma micro-zircons of both mantle (δ18O 4.5–5.6%) and crustal (δ18O 9.5–10.1‰) affinities. Zircon megacrysts (3±1 Ma) show mantle and crustal characteristics, but most grew at crustal temperatures (600–800°C). Xenolith studies suggest hydrous silicate melts and fluids initiated from amphibolized mantle infiltrated into kyanite+sapphire granulitic crust (800°C, 0.7 GPa). This metasomatized the sapphire (Fe/Mg ∼50–120, Ga/Mg ∼3–11), left relict metastable sillimanite-corundum-quartz and produced minerals enriched in high field strength, large ion lithophile and rare earth elements. The gem suite suggests a syenitic parentage before its basaltic transport. Geographical trace-element typing of the sapphire megacrysts against other eastern Australian sapphires suggests a phonolitic involvement.
The crystal structure of balićžunićite, Bi2O(SO4)2, a new natural bismuth oxide sulfate
Authors: Pinto Daniela , Garavelli Anna , Balić-Žunić Tonci 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe crystal structure of balićžunićite, Bi2O(SO4)2, a new mineral species from the La Fossa crater of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy), was solved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and refined to R = 0.0507. The structure is triclinic, space group P1, with a = 6.7386(3), b = 11.1844(5), c = 14.1754(7) Å, α = 80.082(2), β = 88.462(2)°, γ = 89.517(2)°, V = 1052.01(8) Å3 and Z = 6. The crystal structure consists of six independent Bi sites, six S sites and 27 O sites of which three are oxo oxygen atoms not bonded to sulfur. Bismuth and S atoms are arranged close to a eutectic pattern parallel to the (100) plane. The planes are stacked atom on atom such that Bi always overlays S and vice versa. This structural feature is shared with the known structure of the high-temperature polymorph of the same compound, stable at T >535°C. However, the sequences of Bi and S atoms in the two structures are different and so are the arrangements of oxygen atoms. Characteristic building blocks in the structure of balićžunićite are clusters of five Bi atoms which form nearly planar trapezoidal Bi5 groups with oxo oxygens located in the centres of the three Bi3 triangles, which form the trapezoids. The trapezoidal Bi5O39+ ions are joined along [100] with SO42– groups by means of strong bismuth-sulfate oxygen bonds, forming infinite [100] rods with composition Bi5O3(SO4)5–. One sixth of the Bi atoms do not participate in trapezoids, but form, with additional SO42– groups, rows of composition BiSO4+, also parallel to [100]. [Bi5O3(SO4)5–] rods form infinite layers parallel to (010) with [BiSO4+] rows located on the irregular surface of contact between adjacent layers. Bi atoms occur in four different coordination types, all showing the stereochemical influence of the Bi3+ lone electron pair. In this respect the crystal structure of balićžunićite shows greater variability than its high-temperature polymorph which has only two types of the Bi coordination spheres present in balićžunićite.
Eckerite, Ag2CuAsS3, a new Cu-bearing sulfosalt from Lengenbach quarry, Binn valley, Switzerland: description and crystal structure
Authors: Bindi L. , Nestola F. , Graeser S. , Tropper P. , Raber T. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractEckerite, ideally Ag2CuAsS3, is a new mineral from the Lengenbach quarry in the Binn Valley, Valais, Switzerland. It occurs as very rare euhedral crystals up to 300 μm across associated with realgar, sinnerite, hatchite, trechmannite and yellow, fibrous smithite. In thick section eckerite is opaque with a metallic lustre and shows a dark orange-red streak. It is brittle; the Vickers hardness (VHN25) is 70 kg/mm2(range: 64–78) (Mohs hardness of ∼2½–3). In reflected light, eckerite is moderately bireflectant and weakly pleochroic from light grey to a slightly bluish grey. Internal reflections are absent. Under crossed nicols, it is weakly anisotropic with greyish to light blue rotation tints. Reflectance percentages forRminandRmaxare 27.6, 31.7 (471.1 nm), 22.8, 26.1 (548.3 nm), 21.5, 24.5 (586.6 nm) and 19.4, 22.3 (652.3 nm), respectively.Eckerite is monoclinic, space groupC2/c, witha= 11.8643(3),b= 6.2338(1),c= 16.6785(4) Å, β = 110.842(3)°,V= 1152.81(5) Å3,Z= 8. The crystal structure [R1= 0.0769 for 1606 reflections withFo> 4σ(Fo)] is topologically identical to that of xanthoconite and pyrostilpnite. In the structure, AsS3 pyramids are joined by AgS3triangles to form double sheets parallel to (001); the sheets are linked by Cu(Ag) atoms in a quasi-tetrahedral coordination. Among the three metals sites, Ag2 is dominated by Cu. The mean metal–S distances reflect well the Ag ↔ Cu substitution occurring at this site.The eight strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines [din Å (I/I0) (hkl)] are: 3.336 (70) (312); 2.941 (100) (314,114); 2.776 (80) (400,206); 2.677 (40) (312); 2.134 (50) (421); 2.084 (40) (208,206); 2.076 (40) (420); 1.738 (40) (228,226). A mean of five electron microprobe analyses gave Ag 52.08(16), Cu 11.18(9), Pb 0.04(1), Sb 0.29(3), As 15.28(11), S 20.73(13), total 99.60 wt.%, corresponding, on the basis of a total of 7 atoms per formula unit, to Ag2.24Cu0.82As0.94Sb0.01S2.99. The new mineral has been approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (2014–063) and named for Markus Ecker, a well known mineral expert on the Lengenbach minerals for more than 25 years.
First crystal-structure determination of chromites from an acapulcoite and ordinary chondrites
Authors: Lenaz Davide , Princivalle Francesco , Schmitz Birger 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe report the first crystal-structure determinations of chromites from an acapulcoite and from ordinary chondrites. Cell edges range from 8.3212 (3) to 8.3501 (1) Å, while the oxygen positional parameters are in the range 0.2624 (3) to 0.26298 (9). Their compositions show they are very close to the chromite end-member FeCr2O4 with limited Al and Mg content. Titanium oxide content exceeds 1 wt.%, whereas the amount of Fe3+ is negligible. Extraterrestrial chromite is distinguished readily from terrestrial analogues on the basis of the cell edge and oxygen positional parameter. These distinctions will facilitate ongoing attempts to reconstruct the palaeoflux of meteorites to Earth from resistant extraterrestrial spinel grains recovered from ancient sediments.
Endpoints in stem cell trials in ischemic heart failure
Authors: Banovic Marko , Loncar Zlatibor , Behfar Atta , Vanderheyden Marc , Beleslin Branko , Zeiher Andreas , Metra Marco , Terzic Andre , Bartunek Jozef 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDespite multimodal regimens and diverse treatment options alleviating disease symptoms, morbidity and mortality associated with advanced ischemic heart failure remain high. Recently, technological innovation has led to the development of regenerative therapeutic interventions aimed at halting or reversing the vicious cycle of heart failure progression. Driven by the unmet patient need and fueled by encouraging experimental studies, stem cell-based clinical trials have been launched over the past decade. Collectively, these trials have enrolled several thousand patients and demonstrated the clinical feasibility and safety of cell-based interventions. However, the totality of evidence supporting their efficacy in ischemic heart failure remains limited. Experience from the early randomized stem cell clinical trials underscores the key points in trial design ranging from adequate hypothesis formulation to selection of the optimal patient population, cell type and delivery route. Importantly, to translate the unprecedented promise of regenerative biotherapies into clinical benefit, it is crucial to ensure the appropriate choice of endpoints along the regulatory path. Accordingly, we here provide considerations relevant to the choice of endpoints for regenerative clinical trials in the ischemic heart failure setting.
Induced pluripotent stem cell models of Zellweger spectrum disorder show impaired peroxisome assembly and cell type-specific lipid abnormalities
Authors: Wang Xiao-Ming , Yik Wing Yan , Zhang Peilin , Lu Wange , Huang Ning , Kim Bo Ram , Shibata Darryl , Zitting Madison , Chow Robert H. , Moser Ann B. , Steinberg Steven J. , Hacia Joseph G. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIntroductionZellweger spectrum disorder (PBD-ZSD) is a disease continuum caused by mutations in a subset ofPEXgenes required for normal peroxisome assembly and function. They highlight the importance of peroxisomes in the development and functions of the central nervous system, liver, and other organs. To date, the underlying bases for the cell-type specificity of disease are not fully elucidated.MethodsPrimary skin fibroblasts from seven PBD-ZSD patients with biallelicPEX1,PEX10,PEX12, orPEX26mutations and three healthy donors were transduced with retroviral vectors expressing Yamanaka reprogramming factors. Candidate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were subject to global gene expression, DNA methylation, copy number variation, genotyping, in vitro differentiation and teratoma formation assays. Confirmed iPSCs were differentiated into neural progenitor cells (NPCs), neurons, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), and hepatocyte-like cell cultures with peroxisome assembly evaluated by microscopy. Saturated very long chain fatty acid (sVLCFA) and plasmalogen levels were determined in primary fibroblasts and their derivatives.ResultsiPSCs were derived from seven PBD-ZSD patient-derived fibroblasts with mild to severe peroxisome assembly defects. Although patient and control skin fibroblasts had similar gene expression profiles, genes related to mitochondrial functions and organelle cross-talk were differentially expressed among corresponding iPSCs. Mitochondrial DNA levels were consistent among patient and control fibroblasts, but varied among all iPSCs. Relative to matching controls, sVLCFA levels were elevated in patient-derived fibroblasts, reduced in patient-derived iPSCs, and not significantly different in patient-derived NPCs. All cell types derived from donors with biallelic null mutations in aPEXgene showed plasmalogen deficiencies. Reporter gene assays compatible with high content screening (HCS) indicated patient-derived OPC and hepatocyte-like cell cultures had impaired peroxisome assembly.ConclusionsNormal peroxisome activity levels are not required for cellular reprogramming of skin fibroblasts. Patient iPSC gene expression profiles were consistent with hypotheses highlighting the role of altered mitochondrial activities and organelle cross-talk in PBD-ZSD pathogenesis. sVLCFA abnormalities dramatically differed among patient cell types, similar to observations made in iPSC models of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. We propose that iPSCs could assist investigations into the cell type-specificity of peroxisomal activities, toxicology studies, and in HCS for targeted therapies for peroxisome-related disorders.
HLA Markers DQ8 and DR53 Are Associated With Lymphocytic Hypophysitis and May Aid in Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Heaney Anthony P. , Sumerel Brittany , Rajalingam Raja , Bergsneider Marvin , Yong William H. , Liau Linda M. 
Published: August 2015

Importance:
Lymphocytic hypophysitis (LH) is a poorly understood autoimmune disorder of the pituitary gland. Symptoms include headache, pituitary dysfunction, visual disturbances, and neurological deficits. The diagnosis can be made based on clinical and biochemical findings, but for atypical presentations, no circulatory diagnostic biomarkers exist, and a pituitary biopsy is necessary for diagnosis.

Objectives:
We used high-resolution human leukocyte antigen (HLA) screening assays to investigate a relationship between specific HLA markers and LH.

Design:
This was a retrospective analysis.

Setting:
The study was conducted at a tertiary referral center.

Subjects:
Fifteen patients with sporadic LH, 4 patients with melanoma who developed hypophysitis after administration of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) antibodies, and 1 patient with sarcoid-associated hypophysitis were evaluated.

Intervention:
Clinical data, including endocrine function, were assessed, and HLA typing was performed in all 20 patients with hypophysitis, 50 control patients with other sellar abnormalities, and 4 CTLA4 antibody–treated patients without hypophysitis.

Results:
Two major histocompatibility class II HLA markers, DQ8 and DR53, were found in 13 of 15 (87%) and 12 of 15 (80.0%) patients with sporadic LH, respectively. In contrast, none of the 4 patients who developed hypophysitis after administration of the CTLA4 antibodies exhibited the HLA-DQ8 marker and only 1 of 4 (25%) exhibited the HLA-DR53 marker. In a parallel group of 50 control subjects with sellar masses and 4 CTLA4 antibody–treated patients who did not develop evidence of pituitary failure, the candidate HLA subtypes were found in ∼20% for DQ8 and ∼48% for DR53, respectively.

Conclusion and Relevance:
The HLA markers, DQ8 and DR53, were found to be commonly present in patients with LH. The odds ratio of a patient with LH expressing the HLA-DQ8 marker is 23.1-fold higher than that of a patient with another sellar mass. HLA-DQ8 testing may assist in diagnosis and avoid unnecessary biopsies in patients with atypical LH.
Lewis Acid-catalyzed Ring-opening Addition Reactions of Alcohols to Vinylcyclopropane
Authors: Matsuoka Shin-ichi , Numata Kazuki , Suzuki Masato 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Lewis acids such as Sn(OTf)2, GaCl3, Sc(OTf)3, and Al(OTf)3 catalyzed ring-opening 1,5-addition reactions of aliphatic alcohols to dimethyl 2-vinylcyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate, resulting in moderate to high yields of methyl 4-alkoxy-2-methoxycarbonyl-5-hexenoates with a catalytic turnover number of up to 80. A deuterium-labeling experiment and comparison with the reactivity of dimethyl cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate suggested that this reaction involves a 1,3-dipole intermediate stabilized by the donor and the acceptor substituents. The ring-opening addition of phenols demonstrated several reaction modes, including Friedel–Crafts 1,5- and 1,7-additions.
Warum wir das Konzept des gerechten Krieges brauchen. Erwägungen aus römisch-katholischer Perspektive
Authors: Stobbe Heinz-Günther 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This contribution first sketches the problem (of why the concept of ›just war‹ is still indispensable) by contrasting two positions representing the pros and cons of the just war doctrine. It also presents some reasons that forbid a seamless continuation of this doctrine. In a second step, the development of catholic doctrine is shown exemplified by three episcopal letters, which argue in favour of the right of self-defense and the criteria of just war as indispensable core values of the tradition and towards an integration of both within the concept of humanitarian intervention. Final considerations supplement this perspective by hinting to the inevitable tension between law and justice as well as legality and legitimacy within the context of the debate on the concept of international Responsibility to Protect.
Bibliometric profile of articles published on health tourism<p>Sağlık turizmi konusunda yayınlanan makalelerin bibliyometrik profili
Authors: Temizkan Pınar , Çiçek Dönüş , Özdemir Cansev 
Published: August 2015

<p>Bibliometric methods for assessments quantitative attributes of articles, documents or any other publications are used in tourism field progressively and give tips relevant scientific fields. Aim of this study is to reach some findings by examining health tourism articles in Turkish academic journals and ISI Web of Knowledge database with determined variables. For this purpose, 91 articles in Turkish academic journals and 155 articles in ISI Web of Knowledge database called also Web of Science which includes the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) are collected and examine in terms of bibliometrics characteristics. According to findings, academic studies on the subject of health tourism concentrated on especially in the last 7-8 years and most publications centered in 2011 (16.3%). %57.7 of articles covered in the study used the empirical approach and % 42.3 of articles were conceptual papers. Articles mostly published in tourism field (53), geography (44), medicine (32) respectively. As the articles in health tourism field researched, it can be seen that the studies in Turkish mainly centered on geography department under the sub-field of thermal, while articles published in English are centered on field of medicine under the sub-field of medical treatment. The studied articles showed that most of the articles (% 61) tend to have multiple authors.<strong> </strong><strong></strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p class="Default">Turizm alanında her geçen gün daha fazla kullanılmaya başlanan bibliyometri yöntemi, basılı yayınların nicel analiz ile bazı özelliklerinin incelenerek ve çözümlenerek ilgili alanın bilimsel iletişimine ilişkin ipuçları veren bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkçe akademik dergiler ile ISI Web of Knowledge veritabanındaki dergilerde, 1991-2014 yılları arasında yayımlanan sağlık turizmi konulu makalelerin bibliyometri yöntemine göre incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla, Türkçe akademik dergilerde ulaşılabilen 91 makale ve ISI Web Of Knowledge veritabanından ulaşılabilen 155 makale bibliyometrik özellikleri açısından incelenmiştir. Sağlık turizmi konusuna ilişkin akademik çalışmaların özellikle 2000’li yıllardan sonra yoğunlaştığı, en fazla çalışmanın 2011 yılına (% 16,3) ait olduğu görülmüştür.<strong> </strong>Makalelerin % 57,7’sinde görgül yaklaşım tercih edilirken % 42,3’ünde kavramsal yaklaşım tercih edilmiştir. En fazla makalenin (53) turizm alanında çalışan yazarlar tarafından yapıldığı bunu coğrafya (44) ve tıp (32) alanındaki yazarların izlediği görülmüştür. Türkçe makalelerin daha çok coğrafya alanında çalışan akademisyenler tarafından “termal” alt başlığı, İngilizce yayımlanan makalelerin ise tıp alanında çalışan akademisyenler tarafından “tıbbi tedavi” alt başlığında yoğunlaştığı görülmüştür. İncelenen makalelerin önemli bir kısmının (% 61) çok yazarlılık durumu sergilediği elde edilen sonuçlardandır.</p>
Fractional differentiation of the product of Bessel functions of the first kind
Authors: Sebastian Nicy , Gorenflo Rudolf 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Two differential transforms involving the Gauss hypergeometric function in the kernels are considered. They generalize the classical Riemann–Liouville and Erdélyi–Kober fractional differential operators. Formulas of compositions for such generalized fractional differentials with the product of Bessel functions of the first kind are proved. Special cases of products of cosine and sine functions are given. The results are established in
terms of a generalized Lauricella function due to Srivastava and Daoust. Corresponding assertions for the Riemann–Liouville and the Erdélyi–Kober fractional integral transforms are presented. Statistical interpretations of fractional-order integrals and derivatives are also established.
Forecasting Thai Mortality by Using the Lee-Carter Model
Authors: Yasungnoen Natthasurang , Sattayatham Pairote 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we model the mortality rate in Thailand by using the Lee-Carter model. Three classical methods, i.e. Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Weighted Least Square (WLS), and Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) are used to estimate the parameters of the Lee-Carter model. With these methods, we investigate the goodness of fit for the mortality rate spanning the period 2003 to 2012. The fitted models are compared. The autoregressive moving average (ARIMA) is used to forecast the general index and mortality rate the time period from 2013 to 2022. As a result, we also forecast Thai life expectancy at birth.
Validated method for occupational cyclophosphamide monitoring using LC-MS/MS and a Poroshell 120 column
Authors: Anılanmert Beril , Sertler Sefika , Cavus Fatma , Cengiz Salih 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPharmacy staff and health care workers in hospitals may be exposed to antineoplastic drugs during cancer chemotherapy. Sensitive methods should be used to monitor the occupational exposure in biofluids such as urine. In this study, a sensitive method for cyclophosphamide determination in urine with high recovery was developed and validated for monitoring occupational exposure. Triple liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate/dichloromethane (φ
Efficient synthesis of bis-isoxazole ethers via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition catalysed by Zn/Zn2+ and their antifungal activities
Authors: Zhang Da-Wei , Lin Feng , Li Bo-Chao , Liu Hong-Wei , Zhao Tian-Qi , Zhang Yu-Min , Gu Qiang 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAn efficient method was developed for synthesising isoxazoles. A series of novel bis-isoxazole ether compounds VI, VII and VIII were synthesised starting from different substituted aldehydes (I) via a 1,3-dispolar cycloaddition using Zn/Zn
Effect of SO2 on SCR activity of MnOx/PG catalysts at low temperature
Authors: Zhang Xian-Long , Lv Shuang-Shuang , Zhang Cui-Ping , Wu Xue-Ping , Zhang Lian-Feng , Wang Jun-Wei , Jia Xiao-Bin , Zhang Heng-Jian 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPalygorskite (PG)-supported manganese oxide catalysts (MnOx/PG) were prepared for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with ammonia in the presence of SO
Flora and Vegetation of the Island of Kalamos (Ionian Sea, Greece) – Floristic Analysis and Phytogeographical Aspects
Authors: Baliousis Evagelos 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The floristic investigation of the Ionian island of Kalamos resulted in the addition of 275 specific and infraspecific taxa, which are reported here, to a present total of 502 taxa. For each newly recorded taxon local distribution and habitat types are presented. Convolvulus pentapetaloides and Malcolmia graeca subsp. hydraea are reported for the first time from the Ionian islands. Some of the new records concern rare taxa in Greece or regional endemics, which are, therefore, chorologically significant, such as Alkanna corcyrensis, Stachys ionica, Heptaptera colladonioides. A brief description of some of the vegetation types of the island is given. The results of floristic analysis and phytogeographical aspects demonstrate the pronounced Mediterranean character of the island’s flora.
Nomenclatural Notes on Some Alliances of the Halophytic Vegetation of Southern Ural and the Caspian Lowlands
Authors: Lysenko Tatiana , Mucina Ladislav 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe paper presents validations of some syntaxon names of the saline vegetation of Eastern Europe (southern Russia and Kazakhstan), namely of the Carici dilutae-Juncion gerardii, Anabasio salsae-Artemision pauciflorae, Carici dilutae-Juncetum gerardii. The names of the Suaedion acuminatae, Climacoptero crassae-Suaedion acuminatae and the Suaedetum acuminatae are corrected because of erroneous selection of eponymous taxon names. We also suggest that the ‘Tamariceto-Salsolion australis’ nom. illeg. should be a synonym of the Euphorbion sequieranae.