bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Shoulder Range of Motion Deficits in Asymptomatic Baseball Players
Authors: Bailey Lane B. , Shanley Ellen , Hawkins Richard , Beattie Paul F. , Fritz Stacy , Kwartowitz David , Thigpen Charles A. 
Published: September 2015

Background: Shoulder range of motion (ROM) deficits have been identified as injury risk factors among baseball athletes. Despite the knowledge surrounding these risk factors, there is a lack of consensus regarding the specific tissues responsible for these deficits in ROM. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the primary mechanisms of posterior shoulder tightness (capsular, musculotendinous, bony) by examining the tissue responses that occur with the application of an acute intervention in baseball players with ROM deficits. The hypothesis was that posterior rotator cuff stiffness, not glenohumeral joint mobility, would be primarily responsible for ROM gains observed within an acute treatment setting. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Through use of ultrasound elastography, electromagnetic motion analysis, and ultrasound imaging, posterior rotator cuff stiffness, glenohumeral joint translation, and humeral torsion were examined in 60 asymptomatic baseball players (age, mean ± SD, 19 ± 2 years) with shoulder ROM deficits. Tissue mechanisms were examined concurrently, with the ROM gains elicited by an acute application of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization plus self-stretching (n = 30) versus self-stretching only (n = 30). Separate 3-way analyses of variance (group × arm × time) and linear regression analyses were used to determine the treatment effects and relationships between tissue mechanisms and ROM gains. Results: ROM gains were associated with decreases in rotator cuff stiffness (internal rotation: r = 0.35, P = .034; horizontal adduction: r = 0.44, P = .008) and increased humeral retrotorsion (internal rotation: r = −0.35, P = .034), not joint translation ( P > .05). Players receiving instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization plus stretching displayed greater shoulder ROM gains (internal rotation, +5° ± 2° [ P = .010]; total arc of motion, +8° ± 6° [ P = .010]; horizontal adduction, +7° ± 2° [ P = .004]; and decreased posterior rotator cuff stiffness, −0.2 ± 0.3 kPa [ P = .050]) compared with players receiving self-stretching alone. Conclusion: Decreases in rotator cuff stiffness were associated with acute ROM gains in baseball players. The study results show that changes in rotator cuff stiffness, not glenohumeral joint mobility or humeral torsion, are most likely associated with the ROM deficits observed in adolescent baseball players. Clinical Relevance: Reducing rotator cuff stiffness may be beneficial in improving the ROM deficits associated with injury risk in overhead athletes.
Preoperative Femoral Nerve Block for Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Xing Jerry G. , Abdallah Faraj W. , Brull Richard , Oldfield Stephanie , Dold Andrew , Murnaghan M. Lucas , Whelan Daniel B. 
Published: September 2015

Background: Arthroscopy has become a standard method of treatment for a variety of intra-articular hip disorders. While most arthroscopic hip procedures are performed as outpatient surgeries, patients can still experience significant postoperative pain and opioid-associated side effects. Purpose: The potential benefits of a preoperative femoral nerve block (FNB) in hip arthroscopy were explored in a previous retrospective review. The study objective was to confirm these findings in a prospective randomized study. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Fifty patients undergoing hip arthroscopy were included in this prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial that was patient-, operator-, and assessor-blinded. Patients received either a preoperative ultrasound-guided FNB with 20 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine (FNB group) or normal saline (control group). Nerve blockade was confirmed via standardized sensory testing before the induction of general anesthesia. The primary endpoint was cumulative consumption of oral morphine equivalent at 24 hours after discharge. Secondary endpoints included opioid use at various time points, pain scores, Quality of Recovery (QoR-27) score, incidence of nausea and vomiting, time to discharge, block-related complications, falls at 24 hours, and patient satisfaction. Results: Fifty patients completed the study, including 27 in the FNB group and 23 in the control group. Most patient characteristics were statistically similar between groups except for operative time, which was longer in the control group. Cumulative oral morphine consumption was lower in the FNB group at 48 hours; there was no difference at 24 hours or 7 days postoperatively. Pain scores were significantly lower up to 6 hours postoperatively in the FNB group compared with control; however, rebound pain was observed at 24 hours after discharge in patients who received FNB. There was no difference in most secondary outcomes. Importantly, a total of 6 patients in the FNB group reported falls (without injury) within the first 24 hours postoperatively compared with none in the control group. Patient satisfaction with pain control was high in both groups at all time points. Conclusion: Preoperative FNB may improve early pain control after hip arthroscopy. However, given the observed risk of falls, the routine use of FNB for outpatient hip arthroscopy cannot be recommended.
Early Anatomic Changes of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament Identified by Stress Ultrasound of the Elbow in Young Professional Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Atanda Alfred , Buckley Patrick S. , Hammoud Sommer , Cohen Steven B. , Nazarian Levon N. , Ciccotti Michael G. 
Published: September 2015

Background: Stress ultrasound (SUS) of the elbow has demonstrated changes in the anterior band of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) in professional baseball pitchers. However, there have been no reports documenting the chronological appearance of these changes. Purpose: To characterize the chronology of anatomic changes of the UCL in a cohort of young professional baseball pitchers. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: SUS of the elbow was performed on the dominant arm in 127 asymptomatic professional pitchers aged 17 to 21 years. UCL thickness was measured at rest. The width of the ulnohumeral joint was measured at 30° of elbow flexion, both at rest and with 150 N of valgus stress, using a standardized instrumented device. Any ligament heterogeneity and calcifications were documented. Players were divided into 3 groups based on the number of years of professional experience before the ultrasound examination: 0 years (n = 51), 1-2 years (n = 54), and 3-4 years (n = 22). Additionally, players were divided into 5 groups based on chronological age at the time of the first SUS examination: 17 years (n = 5), 18 years (n = 18), 19 years (n = 33), 20 years (n = 20), and 21 years (n = 51). Statistically significant differences between the groups were determined. Results: The mean UCL thickness was 5.85 ± 1.22 mm, 6.23 ± 1.32 mm, and 6.94 ± 2.12 mm in the players with 0, 1-2, and 3-4 years of professional experience, respectively. This difference was statistically significant overall ( P = .024) as well as statistically significant between each consecutive group. There was no statistically significant difference in joint space width at rest or with applied stress between groups ( P = .944). Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in the presence of calcifications (27.5%, 27.8%, and 40.9%, respectively; P = .144) or heterogeneity (29.4%, 16.7%, and 40.9%, respectively; P = .502) as years of professional experience increased from 0 to 3-4 years. There were no significant differences in UCL thickness ( P = .363), joint space width with stress ( P = .648), or echotextural abnormalities based on chronological age ( P = .871 [hypoechoic foci] and P = .520 [calcifications]). Conclusion: These findings suggest that an increase in UCL thickness may be one of the first changes to develop in young professional baseball pitchers.
Horner’s syndrome: An unusual presentation of metastatic disease in breast cancer
Authors: Vitale Maria Giuseppa , Riccardi Ferdinando , Carrillo Giovanna , Trunfio Martino , Mocerino Carmela , Minelli Salvatore , Barbato Carmela , Ambrosio Francesca , Cartenì Giacomo 
Published: September 2015

Horner’s syndrome (HS) is caused by an interruption of the cervical sympathetic pathway to the eye and the face. Acquired HS is mainly caused by benign or malignant neoplasms, and in patients with a history of cancer, it is almost always the result of tumor infiltration into the periphery or the central region of the cervical sympathetic chain. We present the case of a 52-year-old patient with long-term disease-free survival (6 years) after a radical mastectomy for breast cancer who presented with cervicobrachialgia and typical HS due to a left lateral-cervical and supraclavicular lymph nodal mass. Treatment of the metastatic disease with taxanes and concurrent trastuzumab resulted in a complete pain resolution, as well as long-term clinical and radiologic remission; however, the neurological cohort of HS remained as the expression of permanent damage to the sympathetic pathway. This report presents a highly rare case of HS as the first and solitary appearance of metastatic disease in a breast cancer patient. This neurologic involvement should always raise suspicion of metastatic infiltration, and the early recognition of the syndrome may prevent permanent nerve injury.
Self-Reported And Objectively Recorded Colorectal Cancer Screening Participation In England
Authors: Lo Siu Hing , Waller Jo , Vrinten Charlotte , Wardle Jane , von Wagner Christian 
Published: September 2015

Objective To compare self-reported with objectively recorded participation in Faecal Occult Blood testing (FOBt) colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in a national programme. Methods Survey respondents living in England who were eligible for screening were asked in face-to-face interviews if they had ever been invited to do a CRC screening test, how many times they had been invited, and how many times they had participated. National Health Service (NHS) Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) records were consulted for respondents who had consented to a record check. The outcome measures were ‘ever uptake’ (responded to ≥1 invitation), ‘repeat uptake’ (responded to ≥2 invitations), and ‘consistent uptake’ (responded to all invitations). Results In the verified group, self-reported ever uptake was highly consistent with recorded ever uptake (87.0% vs. 87.8%). Among those who indicated that they had been invited more than once, self-reported repeat uptake was 89.8% compared with 84.8% recorded repeat uptake. Among those with more than one recorded invitation, self-reported repeat uptake was 72.7% compared with 77.2% recorded repeat uptake, and self-reported consistent uptake was 81.6% compared with 65.6% recorded consistent uptake. Conclusion Our results suggest that people can accurately report whether they have ever taken part in CRC screening. The vast majority of those whose records were verified could also accurately report whether they had taken part in screening at least twice. They were somewhat less accurate in reporting whether they had responded to all screening invitations.
One psychiatrist’s experience of visiting offshore processing centres for people seeking asylum in Australia
Authors: Adler Robert 
Published: September 2015

Objective: To describe the author’s experience of visiting Christmas Island and Nauru offshore detention centres as a visiting child and adolescent psychiatrist in the context of his own experience as a refugee from Europe after WWII. Method: Following a visit to Nauru the author wrote to the Prime Minister and leader of the Opposition expressing his objections to the policies of recent Coalition and Labor Governments. Results: His actions have led to the author not being invited to return to these centres as a visiting psychiatrist. Conclusions: The author acknowledges the importance of stopping the boats and proposes that a more humane approach is needed for asylum seekers who arrive by boat.
Partnering to enhance mental health care capacity in communities
Authors: Murphy Andrea L. , Gardner David M. , Martin-Misener Ruth , Naylor Ted , Kutcher Stan P. 
Published: September 2015

Background: Community pharmacists care for and support people with lived experience of mental illness in their communities. We developed a program called More Than Meds to facilitate enhancing capacity of community pharmacists’ roles in mental health care. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study and used a directed content analysis with application of the Theoretical Domains Framework as part of our underlying theory of behaviour change and our analytic framework. Results: Ten interviews ( n = 6 pharmacists, n = 4 community members) were conducted with participants from the More Than Meds program. Three key themes were identified from the experiences of More Than Meds participants: networking and bridging, stigma, and expectations and permissions. The most frequently coded domains in the data from the Theoretical Domains Framework were social/professional role, skills, beliefs about capabilities, knowledge and environmental context and resources. Conclusions: The More than Meds Program enabled community pharmacists to increase their capabilities, opportunities and motivation in providing mental health care and support. Involving community pharmacists together with people with lived experience of mental illness was identified as an innovative component of the program.
Clinical effectiveness of a residential pain management programme – comparing a large recent sample with previously published outcome data
Authors: Smith Jared G , Knight Lucie , Stewart Amy , Smith Emma L , McCracken Lance M 
Published: September 2015

Objective: Observational studies using routinely collected data indicate that pain management programmes (PMPs) based on cognitive-behavioural principles are associated with clinically meaningful improvements for individuals with chronic pain. This study evaluated change across functional measures in a sample of chronic pain patients attending a 4-week residential PMP between 2006 and 2010. The findings were directly compared with published outcomes from an earlier period (1989–1998) at the same service. Methods: Participants included 760 consecutive completers of a multidisciplinary PMP. Data were collected at pre-PMP, post-PMP (1-month post-discharge) and at a 9-month follow-up session. Group-based treatment effects and the reliability and clinical significance of change across functional measures were calculated and compared across cohorts. Results: Effect sizes for the recent cohort ranged from small to medium (.43–.67) for pain and physical functioning outcomes to large (.90–1.12) for psychological outcomes at post-treatment ( n = 654), and from small (.30–.51) to medium (.58–.71) at 9-month follow-up ( n = 493). Clinically significant gains on pain and psychological measures were achieved by 19–55% of patients at post-treatment and 17–44% at follow-up. Comparisons with the earlier cohort showed significantly stronger post-treatment outcomes but differences at follow-up were less marked. Discussion: These results add to the evidence base supporting the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)-based pain management interventions. There were significantly larger gains in patient functioning in the recent dataset, suggesting improved programme delivery. But effects were less marked in the longer term, indicating a need for improvements in therapeutic models and related methods to promote meaningful and lasting changes.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for early Barrett’s neoplasia
Authors: Barret Maximilien , Cao Dalhia Thao , Beuvon Frédéric , Leblanc Sarah , Terris Benoit , Camus Marine , Coriat Romain , Chaussade Stanislas , Prat Frédéric 
Published: September 2015

IntroductionThe possible benefit of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early neoplasia arising in Barrett’s esophagus remains controversial. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ESD for the treatment of early Barrett’s neoplasia.MethodsAll consecutive patients undergoing ESD for the resection of a visible lesion in a Barrett’s esophagus, either suspicious of submucosal infiltration or exceeding 10 mm in size, between February 2012 and January 2015 were prospectively included. The primary endpoint was the rate of curative resection of carcinoma, defined as histologically complete resection of adenocarcinomas without poor histoprognostic factors.ResultsThirty‐five patients (36 lesions) with a mean age of 66.2 ± 12 years, a mean ASA score of 2.1 ± 0.7, and a mean C4M6 Barrett’s segment were included. The mean procedure time was 191 ± 79 mn, and the mean size of the resected specimen was 51.3 ± 23 mm. En bloc resection rate was 89%. Lesions were 12 ± 15 mm in size, and 81% (29/36) were invasive adenocarcinomas, six of which with submucosal invasion. Although R0 resection of carcinoma was 72.4%, the curative resection rate was 66% (19/29). After a mean follow‐up of 12.9 ± 9 months, 16 (45.7%) patients had required additional treatment, among whom nine underwent surgical resection, and seven further endoscopic treatments. Metachronous lesions or recurrence of cancer developed during the follow‐up period in 17.2% of the patients. The overall complication rate was 16.7%, including 8.3% perforations, all conservatively managed, and no bleeding. The 30‐day mortality was 0%.ConclusionIn this early experience, ESD yielded a moderate curative resection rate in Barrett’s neoplasia. At present, improvements are needed if ESD is to replace piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection in the management of Barrett’s neoplasia.
A repeated short educational intervention improves asthma control and quality of life
Authors: Plaza Vicente , Peiró Meritxell , Torrejón Montserrat , Fletcher Monica , López-Viña Antolín , Ignacio José María , Quintano José Antonio , Bardagí Santiago , Gich Ignasi 
Published: September 2015

We assessed the effectiveness of an asthma educational programme based on a repeated short intervention (AEP-RSI) to improve asthma control (symptom control and future risk) and quality of life.A total of 230 adults with mild-to-moderate persistent uncontrolled asthma participated in a 1-year cluster randomised controlled multicentre study. The AEP-RSI was given in four face-to-face sessions at 3-month intervals, and included administration of a written personalised action plan and training on inhaler technique. Centres were randomised to the AEP-RSI (intervention) group or usual clinical practice group. Specialised centres using a standard educational programme were the gold standard group.A significant improvement in the Asthma Control Test score was observed in all three groups (p<0.001), but improvements were higher in the intervention and gold standard groups than in the usual clinical practice group (p=0.042), which also showed fewer exacerbations (mean±sd; 1.20±2.02 and 0.56±1.5versus2.04±2.72, respectively) and greater increases in the Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire scores (0.95±1.04 and 0.89±0.84versus0.52±0.97, respectively).The AEP-RSI was effective in improving asthma symptom control, future risk and quality of life.
Navβ4 Regulates Fast Resurgent Sodium Currents and Excitability in Sensory Neurons
Authors: Barbosa Cindy , Tan Zhi-Yong , Wang Ruizhong , Xie Wenrui , Strong Judith A. , Patel Reesha R. , Vasko Michael R. , Zhang Jun-Ming , Cummins Theodore R. 
Published: September 2015

Background Increased electrical activity in peripheral sensory neurons including dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and trigeminal ganglia neurons is an important mechanism underlying pain. Voltage gated sodium channels (VGSC) contribute to the excitability of sensory neurons and are essential for the upstroke of action potentials. A unique type of VGSC current, resurgent current (INaR), generates an inward current at repolarizing voltages through an alternate mechanism of inactivation referred to as open-channel block. INaRs are proposed to enable high frequency firing and increased INaRs in sensory neurons are associated with pain pathologies. While Nav1.6 has been identified as the main carrier of fast INaR, our understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to INaR generation is limited. Specifically, the open-channel blocker in sensory neurons has not been identified. Previous studies suggest Navβ4 subunit mediates INaR in central nervous system neurons. The goal of this study was to determine whether Navβ4 regulates INaR in DRG sensory neurons. Results Our immunocytochemistry studies show that Navβ4 expression is highly correlated with Nav1.6 expression predominantly in medium-large diameter rat DRG neurons. Navβ4 knockdown decreased endogenous fast INaR in medium-large diameter neurons as measured with whole-cell voltage clamp. Using a reduced expression system in DRG neurons, we isolated recombinant human Nav1.6 sodium currents in rat DRG neurons and found that overexpression of Navβ4 enhanced Nav1.6 INaR generation. By contrast neither overexpression of Navβ2 nor overexpression of a Navβ4-mutant, predicted to be an inactive form of Navβ4, enhanced Nav1.6 INaR generation. DRG neurons transfected with wild-type Navβ4 exhibited increased excitability with increases in both spontaneous activity and evoked activity. Thus, Navβ4 overexpression enhanced INaR and excitability, whereas knockdown or expression of mutant Navβ4 decreased INaR generation. Conclusion INaRs are associated with inherited and acquired pain disorders. However, our ability to selectively target and study this current has been hindered due to limited understanding of how it is generated in sensory neurons. This study identified Navβ4 as an important regulator of INaR and excitability in sensory neurons. As such, Navβ4 is a potential target for the manipulation of pain sensations.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Dual loading miR-218
mimics and Temozolomide using AuCOOH@FA-CS drug delivery system: promising targeted
anti-tumor drug delivery system with sequential release functions
Authors: Fan Li , Yang Qian , Tan Jiali , Qiao Youbei , Wang Qiaofeng , He Jingya , Wu Hong , Zhang Yongsheng 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Background
Dual loading drug delivery system with tumor targeting efficacy and
sequential release function provides a promising platform for anticancer drug
delivery. Herein, we established a novel AuCOOH@FACS nanogel system for
co-delivery miR-218 mimics (as bio-drug) and Temozolomide(as chemo-drug).

Methods
DLS and TEM were employed to determine the characteristics of
particles and nanogels. The cell viability was calculated for study synergistic
effect of both drugs coadministration and in nanogel forms. The amounts of Au
uptake were measured by ICP-MS in cell and tumors to quantify the targeting drug
delivery efficacy. Tumor weight and mice weight were investigated to study the
targeting antitumor efficacy of nanogel system.

Results
The results revealed that using AuCOOH@FACS nanogel as delivery
vehicles, drugs could be targeting delivery to tumor site, the intracellular
uptake is enhanced to a greater extent, and significant antitumor efficacy is fold
increase compared with free drug administration group, without noticeable system
cytotoxicity.

Conclusions
This system offers an efficient approach to cancer therapy and holds
significant potential to improve the treatment of cancer in the future.