bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early high-sensitivity troponin elevation and short-term mortality in sepsis: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Gajardo Abraham I. J. , Ferrière-Steinert Santiago , Valenzuela Jiménez Joaquín , Heskia Araya Sebastián , Kouyoumdjian Carvajal Thomas , Ramos-Rojas José , Medel Juan Nicolás 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Serum cardiac troponin (cTn) elevation is a well-established phenomenon in sepsis. However, the clinical significance of this phenomenon with high-sensitivity (hs) assays and the current sepsis definition needs to be settled.

Research Question
What is the association between early serum cTn levels measured by hs-assays and the risk of short-term mortality in septic patients?

Study Design and Methods
We conducted a systematic review using a comprehensive PubMed, Scopus, and Embase search. Studies were eligible if they reported association data on early hs-cTn and mortality in an adult sample with sepsis that met the Sepsis-3 definition. For the synthesis of the effect of hs-cTn on mortality, we applied random effect models on the pooled unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio (OR and aOR, respectively) of elevated vs. normal hs-cTn serum values, and on the crude standardized mean difference (SMD) of hs-cTn between survivors and non-survivors.

Results
In total, 6242 patients from 17 studies were included, with short-term mortality rates ranging from 16.9% to 53.8%. Using a crude analysis, non-survivor patients showed higher hs-cTn than survivors (SMD of 0.87, 95%CI: 0.41–1.33). Elevated hs-cTn was associated with increased mortality (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.41–2.25). However, this prognostic effect was absent in studies that adjusted for different confounders (aOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.99–1.14).

Discussion and Conclusions
Non-survivors of sepsis exhibited significantly elevated hs-cTn levels. While elevated hs-cTn levels are associated with an increased risk of mortality, they are not independently associated with this outcome in sepsis.
Circular RNA APP contributes to Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis by modulating microglial polarization via miR-1906/CLIC1 axis
Authors: Wu Deng-Pan , Wei Yan-Su , Hou Li-Xiang , Du Yu-Xuan , Yan Qiu-Qing , Liu Ling-Ling , Zhao Yuan-Dan , Yan Ru-Yu , Yu Chao , Zhong Zhen-Guo , Huang Jin-Lan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Abnormal microglial polarization phenotypes contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have garnered increasing attention due to their significant roles in human diseases. Although research has demonstrated differential expression of circRNAs in AD, their specific functions in AD pathogenesis remain largely unexplored.

Methods
CircRNA microarray was performed to identify differentially expressed circRNAs in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 and WT mice. The stability of circAPP was assessed via RNase R treatment assay. CircAPP downstream targets miR-1906 and chloride intracellular channel 1 (CLIC1) were identified using bioinformatics and proteomics, respectively. RT-PCR assay was conducted to detect the expression of circAPP, miR-1906 and CLIC1. Morris water maze (MWM) test, passive avoidance test and novel object recognition task were used to detect cognitive function of APP/PS1 mice. Microglial M1/M2 polarization and AD pathology were assessed using Western blot, flow cytometry and Golgi staining assays. CLIC1 expression and channel activity were evaluated using Western blot and functional chloride channel assays, respectively. The subcellular location of circAPP was assessed via FISH and RT-PCR assays. RNA pull-down assay was performed to detect the interaction of miR-1906 with circAPP and 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of CLIC1 mRNA.

Results
In this study, we identified a novel circRNA, named circAPP, that is encoded by amyloid precursor protein (APP) and is implicated in AD. CircAPP is a stable circRNA that was upregulated in Aβ-treated microglial cells and the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Downregulation of circAPP or CLIC1, or overexpression of miR-1906 in microglia modulated microglial M1/M2 polarization in Aβ-treated microglial cells and the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice, and improved AD pathology and the cognitive function of APP/PS1 mice. Further results revealed that circAPP was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm, and circAPP could regulate CLIC1 expression and channel activity by interacting with miR-1906 and affecting miR-1906 expression, thereby regulating microglial polarization in AD.

Conclusions
Taken together, our study elucidates the regulatory role of circAPP in AD microglial polarization via miR-1906/CLIC1 axis, and suggests that circAPP may act as a critical player in AD pathogenesis and represent a promising therapeutic target for AD.
Prospects for lithium treated patients with severe renal impairment
Authors: Aiff Harald , Attman Per-Ola , Golic Mihaela , Ramsauer Bernd , Schön Staffan , Steingrimsson Steinn , Svedlund Jan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
To study the prospects for lithium treated patients who develop end stage renal disease (ESRD) and the role of renal replacement therapy (RRT).

Methods
Retrospective analysis of survival, somatic comorbidity, lithium treatment and eligibility for renal replacement therapy in adult patients with at least one eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2. Subjects were selected from our laboratory database (s-Lithium and s-creatinine) from 1980 to 2017.

Results
620 (14%) of 4396 patients with a lithium history had at least one measurement of eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2. 302 (49%) patients had a transient decrease in renal function with subsequent improvement, 135 (22%) patients died with acute renal failure, while 153 (25%) developed chronic kidney disease stage 4 (CKD4) and 33 (5%) required RRT. RRT-treated patients represent only a fraction of the total ESRD population. Median survival time from the debut of CKD4 was 13.9 years in patients < 65 years and 4.4 years in older patients.
100 of the 153 patients with CKD4 continued lithium treatment. There was no significant difference in survival after the debut of CKD4 between the patients who stopped lithium treatment and those who continued.

Conclusions
A measurement of eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 reflects a significant loss of renal function. In half of the patients it was due to a transient functional disturbance without long-term consequences. A quarter of patients had acute renal failure and died within days while the remaining quarter progressed to CKD4. Despite irreversible renal damage, patient survival can be counted in several years after debut of renal insufficiency with appropriate care including RRT. As the treating psychiatrist, it is important to consult with nephrology when renal function starts to deteriorate, to optimise somatic treatment.
Transition from magmatic to phreatomagmatic eruptions in Young Ciremai volcano, Indonesia: insights from stratigraphy, componentry, and textural analysis of tephra deposits
Authors: Hamzah Wildan N. , Ohba Tsukasa , Gurusinga Muhammad Andriansyah , Moktikanana Mradipta L. A. , Indriyanto Jananda N. , Hoshide Takashi , Abdurrahman Mirzam , Kurniawan Idham A. , Fadlin  
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Vulcanian eruptions, characterized by intermediate magma compositions, pose significant hazards due to their potential for both magmatic and phreatomagmatic fragmentation. The Young Ciremai volcano located in Indonesia has undergone recent phreatic–phreatomagmatic eruptions (from 1698 to 1951), with previous eruptions likely exhibiting both magmatic and phreatomagmatic fragmentations. To reconstruct the eruptive histories and elucidate the fragmentation mechanism, we integrate stratigraphic analysis, grain size distribution, componentry, bulk XRD analysis of fine ash, and petrographic analysis, which encompassed the morphometry, vesicularity, and crystallinity of ash particles. The results indicate a complex eruption history characterized by changing fragmentation mechanisms. Magmatic fragmentation correlates with the Vulcanian eruption style, which is characterized by diverse grain size distributions and higher vesicle number densities. The interactions between magma and water drive phreatomagmatic fragmentation, characterized by predominant finer ash exhibiting blocky textures and lower vesicle number densities. The eruptive evolution is described into three distinct stages: Stage 1 indicates magmatic fragmentation resulting from conduit plugging, Stage 2 signifies phreatomagmatic activity originating from the interaction with shallow groundwater, and Stage 3 emphasizes phreatic–hydrothermal activity with continuous recent solfatara manifestation. The results highlight the potential hazards of alternating magmatic and phreatomagmatic eruptions, including pyroclastic density currents and sudden phreatic explosions.

Graphical Abstract
Analysis of microstructure and microhardness of aluminum alloy melt for grain refinement by twin-roll casting
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Mall P. K. , Prasad C. Durga , Medhavi Amit , Mehrotra Monica , Kumar Shailendra , Alam Md Sarfaraz , Singh Gurbhej , Singh Suresh , Balu Ranjith , Aden Adem Abdirkadir 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examines sheets produced using twin-roll casting (TRC) and melt conditioned twin-roll casting (MCTRC) to evaluate the effect of melt conditioning on segregation pattern and grain refinement. To produce sheets through the MTCRC technique, melt conditioning using high shear technology (high-speed rotor) was applied to Al-5 Mg alloys, before subjecting the melt to TRC. A low shear slope was used to prepare a commercially pure aluminum ingot. The mean grain size obtained for slope processed samples with vibration at a pouring temperature of 780°C is 69.4 µm, decreasing to 62.5 µm with a 20°C decrease in pouring temperature. Samples prepared without vibration at temperatures of 780°C and 760°C exhibit grain sizes of 85.172 and 77.8 µm, respectively. Additionally, the average grain size of Al-5 Mg alloy sheets produced using TRC is around 270 µm, which decreases to 230 µm for sheets produced using MCTRC. The grain size data comparison of the samples prepared using high shear technology and those with a low shear slope indicate successful results of grain refinement in both cases. However, it is advantageous to produce sheets using the low shear slope method as compared to the high shear technology, because of the low setup costs.
Never say yes to parabens? A review on paraben compounds in potential human exposure risks
Authors: Haldar Sayan , Mukherjee Saikat , Dey Avijit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Parabens, esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid, are antimicrobial agents which are used as preservatives in foods, cosmetics, drug, and pharmaceutical industries. The harmful effects of parabens on human health have been a hot topic of discussion for a long time, and bountiful literature has already been published acting as pieces for solving this puzzle. Previously, many studies confirmed that parabens can accumulate in human skin without breakdown by esterase and their presence was observed in human breast cancer tissue.

Result
This whole review gives a brief idea about the characteristics of commonly used parabens, where they are mainly used, their regulatory status, their harmful effects on humans, and why they should be avoided. By summarizing different studies, we first tried to correlate the paraben-induced electron transport chain dysfunction, mitochondrial membrane permeability, and oxidative stress with apoptotic events which were reported in several studies. The xenoestrogen-like behavior of parabens and endocrine disruption-related some meaningful literature was summarized although those studies have some limitations. And finally, the role of parabens in breast cancer-related latest findings was also briefly described in a distinct manner which surely gives another flavor to this review.

Conclusion
Many of the studies showed a high dose of parabens is needed to bind and potentially activate estrogen receptors. But a recent study showed that parabens can cross-talk with other pathways like HER2 and a low dose of parabens can activate the estrogen receptor. Parabens have also been reported to cross the blood–brain barrier, which can cause serious problems. Evidence also showed that parabens can move through the transplacental passage from mother to child. Further studies are warranted to investigate whether parabens can directly produce harmful effects in vivo regarding human survival or interact positively with other harmful endocrine disruptors.
Multi-classification of breast cancer histopathological image using enhanced shallow convolutional neural network
Authors: Yusuf Musa , Kana Armand Florentin Donfack , Bagiwa Mustapha Aminu , Abdullahi Mohammed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cancer of the breast popularly known as breast cancer (BC) is the second and third utmost cause of mortality among women in Nigeria and globally, respectively. Biopsy histopathological images (BHI) have gained more attention for the early clinical diagnosis of BC. However, the clinical examination and diagnosis of BC histology images are subject to human error. Consequently, several computer-aided diagnoses (CAD) solutions have been presented to aid histopathologists with the automated classification of cancerous tumor cells on histological images. Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) have been utilized to build a sizable portion of the cutting-edge proposed solutions. However, due to the architectural structure of DCNN, which extracts features automatically along with training processes and is coupled with overlapping nucleic features on breast histology images (BHI), the existing solutions suffer from high computational utilization, extensive training time leading to longer convergence times, and reliance on available high-end system resources to build adequate BC classification solutions. In this paper, an enhanced shallow convolutional neural network (ES-CNN) has been proposed for multi-classification of BHI, aimed to improve classification performance and reduce training time across eight BC types and four magnifications in the BreakHis dataset. The research objectives were achieved in three ways. First, we designed the proposed network’s architecture, guided by magnification and patient dependencies. Secondly, we implemented a multi-classification model based on the proposed network, and, finally, two categories of experiments were conducted based on classification accuracy and computational utilization. The experimental results revealed that the proposed methods have minimal computational utilization and improved classification performance compared to the existing work. This research reports a multi-classification accuracy of 96%, 95%, 98%, and 96% across 400 × , 200 × , 100 × , and 40 × image magnifications, respectively.
Patient-Reported Outcomes in Spine Surgery: The Wealth of Data
Authors: Bydon Mohamad , Dominari Asimina 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Although the value of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) regarding assessing patient and quality-of-care outcomes is increasingly recognized within spine surgery, the benefits and challenges associated with the collection and clinical use of PROs remain to be established. The aim of this review was to discuss the published evidence on the wealth of clinically relevant data provided by PRO measures within spine surgery.

METHODS:
The peer-reviewed literature was searched for articles investigating the value of PRO data within spine surgery. Articles evaluating the collection and clinical use of PRO data within spine surgery, especially about monitoring clinical and quality-of-care outcomes, were critically analyzed.

RESULTS:
Although postoperative outcomes after spine surgery previously relied on the physician's evaluation of a patient's physical recovery, in 1978, a new evaluation scheme for patients undergoing surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis shifted the weight of postoperative outcome evaluation from objective physical measures to measures that depended on the party performing the evaluation, including the physician, patient, or family. Currently, several standardized PRO scales whose performance has been rigorously investigated in validation studies are used to assess patients' perception of pain and functional and psychometric outcomes after spine surgery. Overall, the benefits of using PROs in these patients include establishing patient involvement in their care, strengthening patient-provider rapport, and promoting patient-centered care, while further standardizing patient outcomes by incorporating the self-reported aspect of clinical outcomes into standardized outcome measures and creating a framework for further quality outcomes research and health care policymaking.

CONCLUSION:
Physician-reported outcomes are often unable to provide a comprehensive evaluation of clinical and quality-of-care outcomes within spine surgery. Incorporation of PROs in patient evaluation is an integral part of efforts aimed at achieving excellence in health care delivery, as PROs help gain insight into individual patients' experiences and integrate an appraisal of patients' perspectives into clinical practice.
The Impact of Migraine and Therapeutic Intervention Methods on Subjective Quality of Life Assessment. Information overview
Authors: Mendak Magdalena , Hanslik Anna , Białek Agata , Walczak Agnieszka , Olszanecka Monika , Olszanecki Tomasz , Hovagimyan Adrian 
Published: February 2025

Introduction and aim of the study: The main purpose of this article is to describe the role of the psychosomatic influence on our physical health. A large amount of daily stress, having psychiatric disorders, usually distress an internal balance and can initiate a chronic or episodic migraine.This article reviews issue about: pathophysiology of a chronic migraine, migraine disability, quality of life among the patients, predictors, influence on the economic status, self-esteem, relationships.
Materials and methods: This article was based on literature gathered from various databases, including Google Scholar, ResearchGate, PubMed, ClinicalTrails, Cochrane database. The keywords migraine, psychosomatics, therapeutic methods, headache, AMPP, IBMS, CaMEO, MIDAS scale were the basis of the review. Results: A comprehensive analysis of the current literature on the pathomechanism of migraine development sheds new light on understanding the nature of the disease. Key factors influencing the development of the disease appear to be the level of stress, coping mechanisms, and the degree of neuroticism. By understanding the risk factors for the development of migraines, we can tailor appropriate therapy based on pharmacological methods and psychotherapy.
Omega-3 Acid and Their impact in Health, review of Existing Knowledge
Authors: Kukla Zuzanna , Gołębski Maciej , Nowak Wojciech , Mikołajczyk Jagoda , Mieruszyńska Stella , Krzemińska Paulina , Sawicki Mirosław , Sadowska Izabela , Włosiański Jakub , Musialik Sebastian 
Published: February 2025

Introduction and objective
Omega-3 fatty acids are associated with a range of beneficial physiological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, antiarrhythmic, and antithrombotic effects. The potential health benefits have been the subject of ongoing research. Particularly concerning cardiovascular health, inflammation, diabetes, and obesity. This summary synthesizes the current state of knowledge regarding these effects.
Review methods
A literature review was performed using the PubMed database to assess the effects of omega-3 fatty acids. The primary search term used was "omega-3 fatty acids," and the review focused on the most recent scientific studies examining their impact on the body.
Description of the state of knowledge
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential nutrients crucial for various bodily functions, particularly in cardiovascular and neurological health. The three main types of omega-3s relevant to human health are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). While ALA is primarily found in plant sources, EPA and DHA are predominantly sourced from marine life.
Conclusions
The analysis of the review article demonstrates that omega-3 fatty acids present promising benefits. Omega-3s significantly reduce triglyceride levels, they help lower blood pressure by promoting vasodilation and reducing vascular resistance, they are essential for maintaining eye health and may help prevent age-related macular degeneration.
Strategic Inattention in Product Search
Authors: Hillenbrand Adrian , Hippel Svenja 
Published: February 2025

Rapid technological developments in online markets fundamentally change the relationship between consumers and sellers. Online platforms can easily gather data about consumers’ search behavior, allowing for price discrimination. Therefore, product search becomes a strategic choice. Consumers face a tradeoff: Search intensely and receive a better fit at a potentially higher price or restrict search behavior, be strategically inattentive, and receive a worse fit but maybe a better deal. We study the resulting strategic buyer-seller interaction theoretically and experimentally. Our experimental results shed a critical light on the added value for consumers through the rise of online platforms and on the effectiveness of current regulations. This paper has been This paper was accepted by Elena Katok for the Special Issue on the Human-Algorithm Connection. Funding: This work was supported by the ZEW–Leibniz-Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung, and the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03413 .
Outcomes of conversion total hip arthroplasty following previous hip fracture surgery
Authors: Selim Amr , Dass Debashis , Govilkar Siddharth , Brown Ashley J. , Bonde Saket , Burston Benjamin , Thomas Geraint 
Published: February 2025

AimsThe conversion of previous hip fracture surgery to total hip arthroplasty (CTHA) can be surgically challenging with unpredictable outcomes; reported complication rates vary significantly. This study aimed to establish the medium-term survival and outcomes of CTHA performed following a previous hip fracture surgery.MethodsAll CTHAs performed at our tertiary orthopaedic institution between January 2008 and January 2020 following previous ipsilateral hip fracture surgery were included. Patients were followed up clinically using Oxford Hip Scores (OHS), and radiologically until death or revision surgery. Postoperative complications, radiological implant failure, and indications for revision surgery were reviewed.ResultsA total of 166 patients (167 hips) were included in the study, with a mean age of 71 years (42 to 99). Of these, 113 patients (67.7%) were female. CTHA followed cannulated screw fixation in 75 cases, hemiarthroplasty in 18, dynamic hip screw fixation in 47, and cephalomedullary nail in 27 cases. Patients were followed up for a mean of four years (0.1 to 9.3). During the follow-up period, 32 patients (19.2%) died. Overall, 14 patients (8.4%) suffered a complication of surgery, with intraoperative fractures (4.2%) and dislocations (3.6%) predominating. The survival probability was 96% at 9.53 years in the cemented group and 88% at 9.42 years in the uncemented group (p = 0.317). The median OHS improved from 13 (IQR 7.75 to 21.25) preoperatively to 39 (IQR 31 to 45) postoperatively in the uncemented group, and from 14 (IQR 10.5 to 22) to 38 (IQR 27 to 45) in the cemented group.ConclusionThis study highlights that CTHA from hip fracture surgery is associated with higher complication rates than conventional THA, but good medium-term results can be achieved. Their classification within the NJR requires review, acknowledging the increased potential for complications.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2025;6(2):195–205.