bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying the Peculiarities of Students’ Aggressive Behaviour in Physical Education Lessons
Authors: Sniras Sarunas 
Published: July 2024

Background. Recently, a lot of special attention has been paid to the school environment where students’ aggressive behaviour that spreads quickly is getting more expressed and reflects processes in the modern society and their consequences for the young generation. It can often have various short- and long-term consequences for a student’s behaviour, communication with others, emotional state or his/her self-esteem. Thus, this complex situation encourages to get interested in understanding the underlying causes of students’ aggressive behaviour and peculiarities of its frequent manifestation.
Objectives. The study aimed to reveal the peculiarities of students’ aggressive behaviour expression in physical education lessons in the context of age and gender aspects.
Material and methods. A total of 197 students participated in the study, comprising 52 girls aged 12-13 years, 44 boys of the same age group, 60 girls aged 14-15 years and 41 boys of the same age.
Results. The findings of the study indicated that 14-15-year-old students were more prone to the following forms of aggressive behaviour in physical education lessons: negativism, offence, irritation, physical and verbal aggression compared with 12-13-year-old students. It was also determined that older students demonstrated statistically significant higher levels of hostility and aggressiveness than younger counterparts. When analysing the students’ aggressive behaviour in the aspect of gender, it was found that boys often expressed the following forms of aggressive behaviour: negativism, offence, irritation and physical aggression; meanwhile, girls were more prone to the feeling guilty and verbal aggression. Higher hostility is more characteristic to boys than to girls, but the aggressiveness observed in the groups of boys and girls was assessed similarly according to the aggressiveness index.
Conclusions. The results obtained could be subjected to further analysis in order to enhance their effectiveness, for example, by examining concrete life situations of students.
The effects of organic and inorganic lithium salts assessed in rat primary generalized seizure model
Authors: Demidov V. I. , Kalacheva A. G. , Bogacheva T. E. , Torshin I. Yu. , Gromova O. A. , Rastashansky V. V. 
Published: July 2024

Background. Lithium salts are used in psychiatry and may exhibit neuroprotective effects due to anion constituents.Objective: to study a dose-dependent effect of oral lithium ascorbate (LiAsc) and lithium carbonate on manifestation and severity of primary generalized seizures caused by thiosemicarbazide in rats in vivo.Material and methods. The study was conducted on 30 Wistar white male rats weighing 200–300 g in five groups: control, lithium carbonate 5 mg/kg, LiAsc 5, 10, 15 mg/kg/day, administered by probing for 14 days. The model of primary generalized seizures was reproduced by intraperitoneally administered 28 mg/kg thiosemicarbazide. The degree of neurological deficit was assessed based on seizure indicators (latency period before seizures, number of seizures and startles, clonic seizures, etc.). Histopathological studies of brain tissue were carried out using morphometry of histological sections on BioVision image analyzer (Austria).Results. A course of carbonate and LiAsc significantly reduced seizure duration. The use of LiAsc at doses of 10–15 mg/kg/day not only significantly shortened seizure duration (p=0.01), but also increased the latent period before seizures (p=0.03), reduced the number of seizures (р<0.05) as well as rate of developing tonic extension (р=0.01).Conclusion. LiAsc at dose of 10 mg/kg/day is sufficient for reducing neurological deficits in thiosemicarbazide-induced seizure model, further confirmed by the data of brain histopathological examination and morphometric analysis.
Potential of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) as an Additional Therapy for Dengue Fever
Authors: Mahalaksmi Alika Sabrina , Salam Anisa Rakhmania , Rania Athaya Putri , Ekapratista Belinda Nabilah , Wardhana Brahma Wisnu Kusuma , Novian Farah Kusuma Wardhani , Laksmi Farika Dyani Laksmi , Najlaa Fatimah Ahla , Pradnyanantha I Putu Bagus , Hardiyanti Merry , Haliza Nabila Nur , Pramesti Ragil Putri , Amalia Savira Rizky Meisya , Kusumawati Idha , Widyowati Retno 
Published: July 2024

Dengue fever has been a global health problem for over five decades, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. It is caused by a viral infection that spreads from mosquito to human. Natural sources have the potency to be an alternative to dengue fever therapy, such as guava (Psidium guajava L.). Its leaves contain several compounds and have several bioactivities. This research aims to explore the potency of guava as an additional therapy for dengue fever patients. The method used a narrative literature review that searches literature in primary data such as national or international journals with the database PubMed or Scopus. The results reported that quercetin is one of the ingredients found in guava that affects dengue fever. It suppresses intracellular replication of dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) and inhibits ATPase in DENV-4. In addition, quercetin also stimulates stem cell factors in bone marrow stromal cells to produce thrombopoietin which functions to regulate platelet production in the spinal cord. So, guava has the potential and effectiveness to be used as an alternative therapy for dengue fever.
Apexification treatment on tooth with a history of trauma: A case report
Authors: Juniarti Devi Eka , Anandita Tiara , Tania Cindy Grace , Prasetyo Eric Priyo , Yuanita Tamara 
Published: July 2024

Background: Traumatic dental injuries to the teeth may result in pulpal and periapical disease. Most dental traumas occur in the 7 -10-year-old age group with incomplete apical root development. Apexification is the procedure to close the apex using bioactive material to create an apical plug. MTA can be used as a material of choice to treat open apex. Purpose: To perform an apexification of open apex with MTA apical plug. Case: A 30-year-old female patient with a chief complaint to fix her missing anterior filling and blackened tooth. The tooth had a history of trauma when the patient was 7 years old. One year ago, the tooth had intermittent pain so the tooth was treated and filled by another dentist. Case Management: Access opening is performed and apical gauging is determined. Then, working length was established. Debridement was done with H-file #80. Irrigation sequence with NaOCl 1,5% - Aquadest – EDTA 17% -aquadest. Ca(OH)2 dressing was given and temporary restoration was placed. On the second visit, temporary restoration was removed, followed by a root canal filled with MTA 3 mm from the apex using MAP carrier then confirmed with a radiograph. Conclusion: Trauma that occurs during tooth formation may cause an open apex that is treatable using an MTA plug.
Survey and seasonal abundance of major insect pests in the maize fields of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Akhtar Naveed , Tahir Hafiz Muhammad , Azizullah Azizullah , Ali Aamir , Fajar Rabia , Muzamil Ayesha , Fathy Reham , Mohamed Hend O. , Abbas Dilawar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Major gaps exist regarding the biodiversity and population ecology of insect pests in maize crop in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to survey the species composition, relative abundance, and population dynamics of arthropod insect pests in maize crop in Punjab, Pakistan. A two-year (2018–2019) survey of insect pests’ species biodiversity in field maize crops was carried out in two districts (Kasur and Lahore). A total of 49 pest species belonging to 45 genera, 27 families, and 6 orders were recorded in this study. Noctuidae dominated over the other pest families, constituting 49.17% of the total pests catch. Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) was found to be the most dominant species, constituting 18.51% of the sampled individuals. Moreover, the estimated pest species richness from both districts was 94%. While, the diversity indices (Shannon-Weiner and Simpson) revealed non-significant differences in arthropod pest communities at six selected sites. Using the Menhinick and Margalef indices suggested higher species richness in the Lahore district. Overall, the pests population densities were consistently fluctuated throughout both cropping seasons; peaking in April-May and reaching the lowest levels in June-July. Spearman's rank correlation analysis indicated a negative association between insect abundance and temperature while, non-significant correlation was found with humidity in both districts. These findings can help to develop sustainable pests’ control strategies, with implications both at local and global scale in maize growing areas.
Oral compound ossotide prevents bone destruction in retinoic acid-induced mice osteoporosis model
Authors: Li Jianheng , Yang Ying , Lin Mali , Sun Mengfan , Gao Chang , Wen Shiyin , Xu Feng , Guo Jianshuang , Zhang Guo-Qiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by the reduction of bone mineral density (BMD). In clinic, reversing the decreasing of BMD is the main therapeutic strategy of OP, including estrogen, bisphosphonates, calcium supplements, flavonoids, Vitamin D and anabolic steroids, however, serious side effects limit their application. Herein, the compound ossotide, derived from porcine bone and scorpions, can significantly enhance the BMD via oral administration in retinoic acid-induced mice osteoporosis model and down-regulate the expression of serum calcium, phosphorus, BALP, TRAP and OCN, up-regulate the serum TGF-β expression. The mechanism studies showed that compound ossotide could promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts by up-regulating Runx2 and OPG/RANKL expression ratio. Besides, compound ossotide can inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and the transcriptional activation of NFATc1. The results indicate that compound ossotide can be used as an efficient candidate for OP treatment via oral administration.
Phenolic and Cellulose-Rich Fractions from Subcritical Water Treated Beer Bagasse
Authors: Gomez-Contreras Paula , Obando Catalina , Freitas Pedro , Martin-Perez Laia , Chiralt Amparo , Gonzalez-Martinez Chelo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Of the three types of waste generated in beer processing, beer grain spent (BGS) or beer bagasse is the most abundant and has a high potential for valorisation. In this work, defatted BGS was subjected to an extraction process with subcritical water (SWE) at different temperatures (110, 130, 150 and 170° C) to obtain extracts rich in phenols and the cellulosic fractions. Furthermore, the obtained cellulose fractions were also purified by means of a greener methodology using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The results showed that the extraction conditions affected the composition and properties of the fractions. The dry extracts obtained at 170°C were richer in phenolics (24 mg GAE. g− 1 defatted beer bagasse (DB), but with lower antioxidant capacity (71 mg DB.mg− 1 DPPH). This extract (E-170) also showed the highest antibacterial potential (lower MIC values) against L. innocua (80 mg·mL− 1) and E. coli (140 mg·mL− 1) than those obtained at lower temperatures. The purification of cellulose from the SWE residues, using hydrogen peroxide revealed that DB is not a good source of cellulose material since the bleached fractions showed low yields (20–25%) and low cellulose purity (42–67%), even after four bleaching cycles (1 h) at pH 12 and 8% H2O2. Despite this, the subcritical water extraction method highlights the potential of a simple processes as technological option to convert underutilized side streams like beer bagasse into added-value, potential ingredients for innovative food and pharmaceutical applications.
The effect of fingomolid (FTY720) protecting the retina of rats from light-induced retinal degeneration (LIRD)
Authors: Zhang Qian , Chen Hui , Zhao Menghan , Zhang Xingshang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Object: Fingomolid (FTY720), an immunosuppressive agent, was found to protect the retina against light stress in our previous study. In this study, we investigate whether FTY720 has a protective effect on retinal degeneration and whether immune response is involved in photoreceptor apoptosis in light-induced retinal degeneration (LIRD) in rats.
Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats raised in cyclic dim light were exposed to 2700 lux white light for 6 hours to build LIRD animal models. FTY720 (10.0 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered intraperitoneally to rats 0.5 h before light exposure. Histology and F-ERGs analysis were used to evaluate the structure and function of retina, respectively. The apoptosis of retinal cells was detected by TUNEL assay. The immune T cells on light-damaged retina were measured by immunofluorescence analysis, and the expression of immune proteins was examined by western blot.
Results: After light exposure, significant reductions in ERGs response were observed in vehicle-treated (VLD) group, whereas there was no significant difference between FTY720-treated (FTY-LD) group and normal group. A slight thinning was observed in FTY-LD group, which was not reflected in the full field ERG responses. Pretreatment with FTY720 inhibited light-induced photoreceptor apoptosis and protected retinal structure and function against light damage. CD3+ and CD8+ T molecules were increased in the VLD group, but did not occur on the whole retina in rats treated with FTY720. The expression of CD3+ and CD8+ proteins were up-regulated by light exposure and suppressed by FTY720 pretreatment. Light stress activated the microglial cells, and FTY720 could suppress the activation.
Conclusion: FTY720 could inhibit apoptosis and suppress CD3+ and CD8+ T cells and microglial activation in light-damaged retina in rats, showing an obvious protective effect on photoreceptors. These results help to better understand the pathogenesis of LIRD, and FTY720 may provide therapeutic benefit for retinal diseases.
Assessing the Index of Consciousness (IoC) as a Monitoring Tool for Sedative Effects of Ciprofol in General Anesthesia Induction
Authors: Yu Yanhong , Wang Hao , Wei Liguo , Gao YiFan , Yan Nuo , Chu Jing , Li Hong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
To assess the accuracy of the index of consciousness (IoC) in sedative effects of ciprofol during the induction of general anesthesia. Methods: 136 patients who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia were selected. IoC1, IoC2 and index (BIS) values were recorded at eight distinct time points (T1 to T8) during the induction of general anesthesia. Bland-Altman analysis was conducted to assess the agreement between the IoC1 and BIS, including the calculation of mean differences and 95% limits of agreement (LOA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to evaluate the predictive accuracy of IoC1 for loss consciousness. Results: The mean difference during T1 to T8 in BIS and IoC1 values between the two measurement methods was − 0.4308 (95% LOA − 19.47 to 18.61). There was no significant difference between IoC1 and BIS (p = 0.6664). The area under the curve (AUC) for IoC1 and BIS in predicting the loss of consciousness were 0.9821(95% CI 0.9741 to 0.9900) and 0.9855 (95% CI 0.9789 to 0.9922) respectively. The optimal threshold values were 91.5 (sensitivity 94.6%, specificity 96.0%) and 82.5 (sensitivity 99.2%, specificity 93.7%). Conclusion: IoC1 demonstrate a high consistency with BIS in assessing the sedative effects of ciprofol for general anesthesia induction. IoC is effective on monitoring sedative effects of ciprofol when consciousness disappears. IoC is an effective monitoring tool for sedative effects of ciprofol-induced general anesthesia.
Economic impact of climate change among smallholder livestock farmers surrounding Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda
Authors: Nagasha Judith Irene , OCAIDO Michael 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A survey was done among smallholder farmers in Kiruhura and Isingiro districts around Lake Mburo National park, Uganda. Their mean household (H/h) size was 5.4±0.2 persons, with average land size of 40.6±0.5 and 3±0.4 acres in Kiruhura and Isingiro respectively. Kiruhura had more land for livestock keeping (82.1%) and Isingiro had more land for crop growing (58.9%). They kept 34.3±8.1 and 2.9±0.5 of cattle and goats 14.5±2.4 and 3.5±0.4 per H/h in Kiruhura and Isingiro respectively. In Kiruhura, during drought periods cattle herd sale off-take increased 2.3 times, the crude mortality rate increased 1.73 times and prices dropped by 46.8%. While for goats, off-take increased 1.3 times, crude mortality rate decreased by 47.2% and sale prices increased 2.1 times. In Kiruhura and Isingiro, the Total Gross Output from Agricultural Enterprises (TGOAE) per H/h was USD 17,382,3 and USD 1,722.8 respectively, of which 83.8% was from cattle milk output in Kiruhura and 67.6% was from crop output in Isingiro. In Kiruhura and Isingiro the economic cost (EC) due to drought per H/h was USD 10, 202.7 and USD 1,001.8 respectively which was 58.7% and 58.1% of TGOAE respectively. In Kiruhura, 83.5% of EC losses was caused by milk losses and 96% by crop losses in Isingiro. The frequency and amount of milk and food consumed per day by children and adults in Kiruhura and Isingiro districts were drastically reduced during drought periods. Through participatory approach, the climate change adaptation and mitigation measures should urgently be developed and adopted.
Bayesian Moment Tensor Analysis of The 2012 Mw 6.3 Palu Earthquake Sequence for Updating The Palu-Saluki Segments and Its Impact on Coulomb Stress Distribution
Authors: Habibana Mohammad Yusril Iqbal , Sahara David P. , Kusumawati Dian , Puspito Nanang T. , Nugraha Andri D. , Prayitno Bambang S. , Daryono Daryono , Heryandoko Nova , Rohadi Supriyanto 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The Palu-Koro fault, part of the Central Sulawesi fault system, has produced many large earthquakes (Mw > 6). Palu earthquake on 18 August 2012 (Mw 6.3) which occurred close to the largest earthquake ever recorded in Central Sulawesi, the Donggala earthquake on 28 September 2018 (Mw 7.5), also caused notable damage around Palu, the capital of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. We infer 16 earthquake events of magnitudes ranging from Mw 3.9 to 6.3, which occurred between 18 August and 31 December 2012 by applying Bayesian moment tensors inversion and get criteria A and B, using catalogue and waveform data from Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) regional stations. Our results show that the 2012 earthquake sequence showed a left-lateral strike-slip mechanism, with the mainshock located west of Lake Lindu. Many aftershocks were distributed near the northern end of the Saluki segment of the Palu-Koro Fault. The inferred solution has strike of North-Northwest to South-Southeast and a dip angle of about 82.5°, updating vertical fault from National Earthquake Center (PusGeN). After Calculating the change in Coulomb stress on the fault using a new geometry based on the moment tensor solution, we find that the model shows larger stress changes, up to 5 bars, with a wider impact area compared to vertical fault. Hence, updating the geometry of the Palu-Saluki Segment is important in constructing seismic hazard analyses in the region.
Analyzing Spatio-Temporal Water Quality Dynamics for the River Thames using Superstatistical Methods and Machine Learning
Authors: He Hankun , Boehringer Takuya , Schäfer Benjamin , Heppell Kate , Beck Christian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

By employing superstatistical methods and machine learning we analyse measured time series of water quality indicators of the River Thames. Particular emphasis is on the dynamics of dissolved oxygen. The probability density functions (PDFs) of dissolved oxygen, with trend substracted, exhibit heavy tails that are well-fitted by q-Gaussian distributions. We investigate how the entropic index q depends on the distance to the sea. Regression analysis reveals feature importances for oxygen concentration predictions, with temperature, pH, and time of the year playing a major role. We also forecast oxygen concentrations through the application of a state-of-the-art machine learning model, the Transformer. Within this context, the Informer model exhibits superior performance. The effectiveness of the Informer model is attributed to the self-attention mechanism, which emphasizes the half-life cycle of dissolved oxygen and its temporal dynamics during periods from morning to early afternoon and from late evening to early morning. Our research can help to inform policymakers in ecological health assessments, assisting in river water quality forecasting and helping to maintain healthy aquatic ecosystems.
Statistical Analysis and Habitat Suitability of Sarus Birds in Uttar Pradesh using GIS Based Species Distribution Model
Authors: Chandra Sushil , khare Aniket , yadav Mahi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Researchers now have greater access to data regarding the habits and adaptations of migrating birds because of technological advancements. The pace of technological growth, in terms of both data collection and its ability to support conservation efforts, is incredible. However, it is still uncertain whether birds will be able to evolve speedily enough to withstand the environmental changes. It is reported that birds are sensitive to magnetic radiation, which is continuously increasing day by day. The objective of this research is to identify the habitats of the sarus crane which are under threat from human encroachment and efforts to preserve them, which is categorized as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, and also calculate the habitat preferences index indicating habitat utilization. Habitat Suitability map and its ROC curve is prepared using MAXENT model.
Attribute Encoding Transformer on UnattributedDynamic Graphs for Anomaly Detection
Authors: Wang Shang , Hao Haihong , Gao Yuan , Wang Xiang , He Xiangnan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Dynamic graphs represent connections in complex systemschanging over time, posing unique challenges for anomaly detection. Tra-ditional static graph models and shallow dynamic graph methods oftenfail to capture the temporal dynamics and interactions effectively, limit-ing their ability to detect anomalies accurately. In this work, we introducethe Attribute Encoding Transformer (AET), a novel framework specif-ically designed for anomaly detection in unattributed dynamic graphs.The AET integrates advanced encoding strategies that leverage bothspatial and historical interaction data, enhancing the model’s ability toidentify anomalous patterns. Our approach includes a Link PredictionPre-training methodology that optimizes the transformer architecturefor dynamic contexts by pre-training on link prediction tasks, followedby fine-tuning for anomaly detection. Comprehensive experiments onfour real-world datasets demonstrate that our framework outperformsthe state-of-the-art methods in detecting anomalies, thereby addressingkey challenges in dynamic graph analysis. This study not only advancesthe field of graph anomaly detection but also sets a new benchmark forfuture research on dynamic graph data ana