bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mammographic Density Reduction Is a Prognostic Marker of Response to Adjuvant Tamoxifen Therapy in Postmenopausal Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Jingmei , Humphreys Keith , Eriksson Louise , Edgren Gustaf , Czene Kamila , Hall Per 
Published: April 2013

PurposeTamoxifen treatment is associated with a reduction in mammographic density and an improved survival. However, the extent to which change in mammographic density during adjuvant tamoxifen therapy can be used to measure response to treatment is unknown.Patients and MethodsOverall, 974 postmenopausal patients with breast cancer who had both a baseline and a follow-up mammogram were eligible for analysis. On the basis of treatment information abstracted from medical records, 474 patients received tamoxifen treatment and 500 did not. Mammographic density was measured by using an automated thresholding method and expressed as absolute dense area. Change in mammographic density was calculated as percentage change from baseline. Survival analysis was performed by using delayed-entry Cox proportional hazards regression models, with death as a result of breast cancer as the end point. Analyses were adjusted for a range of patient and tumor characteristics.ResultsDuring a 15-year follow-up, 121 patients (12.4%) died from breast cancer. Women treated with tamoxifen who experienced a relative density reduction of more than 20% between baseline and first follow-up mammogram had a reduced risk of death as a result of breast cancer of 50% (hazard ratio, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.93) compared with women with stable mammographic density. In the no-tamoxifen group, there was no statistically significant association between mammographic density change and survival. The survival advantage was not observed when absolute dense areas at baseline or follow-up were evaluated separately.ConclusionA decrease in mammographic density after breast cancer diagnosis appears to serve as a prognostic marker for improved long-term survival in patients receiving adjuvant tamoxifen, and these data should be externally validated.
Survival of Patients With Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma After First Relapse or Progression: Spectrum of Disease and Rare Long-Term Survivors
Authors: Mak Vivien , Hamm Jeremey , Chhanabhai Mukesh , Shenkier Tamara , Klasa Richard , Sehn Laurie H. , Villa Diego , Gascoyne Randy D. , Connors Joseph M. , Savage Kerry J. 
Published: April 2013

Introduction A number of novel therapies are under investigation in relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL); however, their relative impact on outcome is unknown. We examined the survival of patients with PTCL after relapse or progression in the absence of hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation and explored factors influencing survival. The three most common subtypes encountered in North America were evaluated: PTCL not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL; anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK] positive and ALK negative. Patients and Methods After exclusions, 153 patients were analyzed (PTCL-NOS, n = 79 [52%]; AITL, n = 38 [25%]; ALK-positive ALCL, n = 11 [7%]; ALK-negative ALCL, n = 27 [16%; including ALK status unknown, n = 1]). Results Median time from initial diagnosis to relapse or progression after primary therapy was 6.7 months, and median age at relapse was 66 years (ALK-positive ALCL, 39 years). Median overall survival (OS) and median progression-free survival (PFS) after relapse or progression (second PFS) were 5.5 and 3.1 months, respectively, and were only marginally better in patients who received chemotherapy at relapse (n = 89 [58%]; 6.5 and 3.7 months, respectively). Patients with good performance status (PS) of 0 or 1 (n = 47) at relapse who received chemotherapy had a more favorable OS (P < .001; median OS, 13.7 months) and PFS (P = .006; median second PFS, 5.0 months), which remained significant in multivariate analysis (OS: hazard ratio [HR], 2.09; P = .002; second PFS: HR, 1.66; P = .030). Conclusion Most patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL have poor outcomes with short survival. Select patients with good PS have more favorable outcomes with standard chemotherapy.
Lung Cancer That Harbors an HER2 Mutation: Epidemiologic Characteristics and Therapeutic Perspectives
Authors: Mazières Julien , Peters Solange , Lepage Benoit , Cortot Alexis B. , Barlesi Fabrice , Beau-Faller Michéle , Besse Benjamin , Blons Hélène , Mansuet-Lupo Audrey , Urban Thierry , Moro-Sibilot Denis , Dansin Eric , Chouaid Christos , Wislez Marie , Diebold Joachim , Felip Enriqueta , Rouquette Isabelle , Milia Julie D. , Gautschi Oliver 
Published: April 2013

Purpose HER2 mutations are identified in approximately 2%of non–small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC). There are few data available that describe the clinical course of patients with HER2-mutated NSCLC. Patients and Methods We retrospectively identified 65 NSCLC, diagnosed with a HER2 in-frame insertion in exon 20. We collected clinicopathologic characteristics, patients' outcomes, and treatments. Results HER2 mutation was identified in 65 (1.7%) of 3,800 patients tested and was almost an exclusive driver, except for one single case with a concomitant KRAS mutation. Our population presented with a median age of 60 years (range, 31 to 86 years), a high proportion of women (45 women v 20 men; 69%), and a high proportion of never-smokers (n= 34; 52.3%). All tumors were adenocarcinomas and 50% were stage IV at diagnosis. For these latter cases, 22 anti–human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) treatments were administered after conventional chemotherapy in 16 patients. Subsequently, four patients experienced progressive disease, seven experienced disease stabilizations, and 11 experienced partial responses (overall response rate, 50%; disease control rate [DCR], 82%). Specifically, we observed a DCR of 93% for trastuzumab-based therapies (n = 15) and a DCR of 100% for afatinib (n = 3) but no response to other HER2-targeted drugs (n = 3). Progression-free survival for patients with HER2 therapies was 5.1 months. Median survival was of 89.6 and 22.9 months for early-stage and stage IV patients, respectively. Conclusion This study, the largest to date dedicated to HER2-mutated NSCLC, reinforces the importance of screening for HER2 mutations in lung adenocarcinomas and suggests the potential efficacy of HER2-targeted drugs in this population.
Prognosis of Women With Primary Breast Cancer Diagnosed During Pregnancy: Results From an International Collaborative Study
Authors: Amant Frédéric , von Minckwitz Gunter , Han Sileny N. , Bontenbal Marijke , Ring Alistair E. , Giermek Jerzy , Wildiers Hans , Fehm Tanja , Linn Sabine C. , Schlehe Bettina , Neven Patrick , Westenend Pieter J. , Müller Volkmar , Van Calsteren Kristel , Rack Brigitte , Nekljudova Valentina , Harbeck Nadia , Untch Michael , Witteveen Petronella O. , Schwedler Kathrin , Thomssen Christoph , Van Calster Ben , Loibl Sibylle 
Published: April 2013

Purpose We aimed to determine the prognosis of patients with breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy (BCP). Patients and Methods In this cohort study, a multicentric registry of patients with BCP (from Cancer in Pregnancy, Leuven, Belgium, and GBG 29/BIG 02-03) compiled pro- and retrospectively between 2003 and 2011 was compared with patients who did not have associated pregnancies, using an age limit of 45 years. Patients with a diagnosis postpartum were excluded. The main analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards regression of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) on exposure (pregnant or not), adjusting for age, stage, grade, hormone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor 2 status, histology, type of chemotherapy, use of trastuzumab, radiotherapy, and hormone therapy. Results The registry contained 447 women with BCP, mainly originating from Germany and Belgium, of whom 311 (69.6%) were eligible for analysis. The nonpregnant group consisted of 865 women. Median age was 33 years for the pregnant and 41 years for the nonpregnant patients. Median follow-up was 61 months. The hazard ratio of pregnancy was 1.34 (95% CI, 0.93 to 1.91; P = .14) for DFS and 1.19 (95% CI, 0.73 to 1.93; P = .51) for OS. Cox regression estimated that the 5-year DFS rate for pregnant patients would have increased from 65% to 71% if these patients had not been pregnant. Likewise, the 5-year OS rate would have increased from 78% to 81%. Conclusion The results show similar OS for patients diagnosed with BCP compared with nonpregnant patients. This information is important when patients are counseled and supports the option to start treatment with continuation of pregnancy.
Receipt of Psychosocial Care Among Cancer Survivors in the United States
Authors: Forsythe Laura P. , Kent Erin E. , Weaver Kathryn E. , Buchanan Natasha , Hawkins Nikki A. , Rodriguez Juan L. , Ryerson A. Blythe , Rowland Julia H. 
Published: April 2013

PurposeGiven the importance of psychosocial care for cancer survivors, this study used population-based data to characterize survivors who reported a discussion with health care provider(s) about the psychosocial effects of cancer and who reported using professional counseling or support groups (PCSG) and tested associations between receipt of psychosocial care and satisfaction with care.Patients and MethodsWe examined survivors of adult cancers from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey (N = 1,777). Multivariable logistic regression models examined factors associated with receipt of and satisfaction with psychosocial care.ResultsMost survivors (55.1%) reported neither provider discussions nor use of PCSG; 31.4% reported provider discussion only, 4.4% reported use of PCSG only, and 8.9% reported both. Non-Hispanic blacks (v non-Hispanic whites), married survivors, survivors of breast cancer (v prostate or less prevalent cancers), those treated with chemotherapy, and survivors reporting past research study/clinical trial participation were more likely to report provider discussion(s) (P < .01). Hispanics (v non-Hispanic whites), survivors age 40 to 49 years (v ≤ 39 years), survivors of breast cancer (v melanoma or less prevalent cancers), those diagnosed ≤ 1 year ago (v > 5 years ago), survivors treated with radiation, and past research participants were more likely to report use of PCSG (P < .05). Survivors reporting any psychosocial care were more likely to be “very satisfied” with how their needs were met (P < .001).ConclusionMany survivors do not report a discussion with providers about the psychosocial effects of cancer, which reflects a missed opportunity to connect survivors to psychosocial services. These data can benchmark the success of efforts to improve access to cancer-related psychosocial care.
17β-Estradiol Rapidly Attenuates P2X3 Receptor-Mediated Peripheral Pain Signal Transduction via ERα and GPR30
Authors: Lu Yi , Jiang Qian , Yu Lihua , Lu Zhan-ying , Meng Shuang-ping , Su Dingfeng , Burnstock Geoffrey , Ma Bei 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Estrogen has been reported to affect pain perception, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this investigation, pain behavior testing, patch clamp recording, and immunohistochemistry were used on rats and transgenic mice to determine which estrogen receptors (ERs) and the related signaling pathway are involved in the rapid modulation of estrogen on P2X3 receptor-mediated events. The results showed that 17β-estradiol (E2) rapidly inhibited pain induced by α,β-methylene ATP (α,β-me-ATP), a P2X1 and P2X3 receptor agonist in ovariectomized rats and normal rats in diestrus. The ERα agonist 4,49,499-(4-propyl-[1H]-pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl) trisphenol (PPT) and G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) agonist G-1 mimicked the estrogen effect, whereas the ERβ agonist diarylpropionitrile (DPN) had no effect. In cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, PPT and G-1 but not DPN significantly attenuated α,β-me-ATP–mediated currents, with the dose-response curve of these currents shifted to the right. The inhibitory effect of E2 on P2X3 currents was blocked by G-15, a selective antagonist to the GPR30 estrogen receptor. E2 lacked this effect in DRG neurons from ERα-knockout mice but partly remained in those from ERβ-knockout mice. The P2X3 and GPR30 receptors were coexpressed in the rat DRG neurons. Furthermore, the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 reversed the inhibitory effect of E2 on α,β-me-ATP–induced pain and of PPT or G-1 on P2X3 receptor-mediated currents. The cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) agonist forskolin, but not the PKC agonist phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), mimicked the estrogen-inhibitory effect on P2X3 receptor currents, which was blocked by another ERK1/2 inhibitor, PD98059. These results suggest that estrogen regulates P2X3-mediated peripheral pain by acting on ERα and GPR30 receptors expressed in primary afferent neurons, which probably involves the intracellular cAMP-PKA-ERK1/2 pathway.
Do Customers Learn from Experience? Evidence from Retail Banking
Authors: Ater Itai , Landsman Vardit 
Published: April 2013

We study customers' adoption and subsequent switching decisions with regard to a menu of three-part tariff plans offered by a commercial bank. Using a rich panel data set covering 70,510 fee-based checking accounts over 30 months, before and after the introduction of the plans, we find that most customers adopt non-cost-minimizing plans, preferring plans with large monthly allowances and high fixed payments. Furthermore, after adoption, customers who exceed their allowances and consequently pay overage fees are more likely to switch to plans with larger allowances than customers who do not experience such fees. Notably, after switching, these overage-paying customers pay higher monthly payments than before. In contrast, switching customers who did not pay overage payments before switching pay less after switching. Our findings, unlike those of previous research on experience-based learning, suggest that the behavior of experienced customers does not converge to the predictions of neoclassical models. We propose that “overage aversion,” which is closely related to loss aversion and mental accounting, is the most plausible explanation for our findings.This paper was accepted by John List, behavioral economics.
Do Job Seekers Benefit from Contacts? A Direct Test with Contemporaneous Searches
Authors: Obukhova Elena , Lan George 
Published: April 2013

Although it is intuitively plausible that a job seeker benefits by using contacts in her job search, the literature is plagued by theoretical disagreements and inconclusive empirical evidence. Single-firm studies consistently find that job seekers applying through referrals achieve better labor-market outcomes than job seekers applying without referrals, but the evidence from job-seeker studies is mixed. To solve this puzzle, we clarify the distinction between having social capital and using contacts as a search method. We present theoretical reasons to suggest that the lack of an association between a job seeker's social capital and whether or not she uses social networks to search for a job should not be taken to imply that job seekers who use social networks to search for jobs do not benefit from using contacts. We exploit a strategic research setting, the school-to-work transition of 291 university graduates who engaged in 3,112 contemporaneous job searches, to show that although a job seeker's social capital may not affect whether or not she uses contacts to search for a job, using contacts as a job-search method does improve her job-search outcomes. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings for the literature on job search and social networks. This paper was accepted by Jesper Sørensen, organizations.
Tempus Fugit: Time Pressure in Risky Decisions
Authors: Kocher Martin G. , Pahlke Julius , Trautmann Stefan T. 
Published: April 2013

We study the effects of time pressure on risky decisions for pure gain prospects, pure loss prospects, and mixed prospects involving both gains and losses. In two experiments we find that time pressure has no effect on risk attitudes for gains, but increases risk aversion for losses. For mixed prospects, subjects become simultaneously more loss averse and more gain seeking under time pressure, depending on the framing of the prospects. The results suggest the importance of aspiration levels, and thus the overall probability to break even, under time pressure. We discuss the implications of our findings for decision-making situations that involve time pressure.This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Hypothalamic Inhibition of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Stimulates Hepatic Counter-Regulatory Response Independent of AMPK Activation in Rats
Authors: Santos Gustavo A. , Pereira Vinícius D. , Roman Erika A. F. R. , Ignacio-Souza Leticia , Vitorino Daniele C. , de Moura Rodrigo Ferreira , Razolli Daniela S. , Torsoni Adriana S. , Velloso Licio A. , Torsoni Marcio A. 
Published: April 2013

Background
Hypothalamic AMPK acts as a cell energy sensor and can modulate food intake, glucose homeostasis, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Intrahypothalamic fatty acid injection is known to suppress liver glucose production, mainly by activation of hypothalamic ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels. Since all models employed seem to involve malonyl-CoA biosynthesis, we hypothesized that acetyl-CoA carboxylase can modulate the counter-regulatory response independent of nutrient availability.

Methodology/Principal Findings
In this study employing immunoblot, real-time PCR, ELISA, and biochemical measurements, we showed that reduction of the hypothalamic expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by antisense oligonucleotide after intraventricular injection increased food intake and NPY mRNA, and diminished the expression of CART, CRH, and TRH mRNA. Additionally, as in fasted rats, in antisense oligonucleotide-treated rats, serum glucagon and ketone bodies increased, while the levels of serum insulin and hepatic glycogen diminished. The reduction of hypothalamic acetyl-CoA carboxylase also increased PEPCK expression, AMPK phosphorylation, and glucose production in the liver. Interestingly, these effects were observed without modification of hypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation.

Conclusion/Significance
Hypothalamic ACC inhibition can activate hepatic counter-regulatory response independent of hypothalamic AMPK activation.
Moduli of unipotent representations II: Wide representations and the width
Authors: Dan-Cohen Ishai 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

With this work and its prequel [Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble) 62 (2012), no. 3, 1123–1187] we initiate a study of the finite dimensional representations of a unipotent group over a field of characteristic zero from the modular point of view. Let G be such a group. The stack of all representations of a fixed finite dimension n is badly behaved. We introduce an invariant, w, of G, its width, as well as a certain nondegeneracy condition on representations, and we prove that nondegenerate representations of dimension n ≤ w + 1 form a quasi-projective variety. Our definition of the width is opaque; as a first attempt to elucidate its behavior, we prove that it is bounded by the length of a composition series.
Effect of Silicon Content on Wear Behavior of Heat Treated Powder Metallurgy Steels
Authors: Tekeli Süleyman , Güral Ahmet 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThree different steel compositions with 1, 3 and 5 mass% Si were prepared using atomized iron (ASC.100.29) and 0.35 mass% natural graphite powders. The mixed powders were cold pressed at 700 MPa and sintered at 1200 °C for 30 min under pure Ar gas atmosphere. Some of the sintered specimens was quenched from 850 °C and then tempered at 100 °C for 1 h. The other sintered specimens were annealed at intercritical heat treatment temperature of 750 °C for 10 min and rapidly water-quenched. The experimental results showed that in as-sintered specimens inhomogeneously dispersed typical pearlitic structure in the ferrite matrix formed and its amount decreased with increasing Si content. In intercritically annealed specimens, the microstructure obtained was a mixture of partially transformed martensite and ferrite + pearlite. In quenched plus tempered specimens, beside tempered martensite, ferritic structure formed and its amount increased with increasing Si content. The wear tests were carried out under dry sliding conditions using a pin-on-disk type machine at constant load, speed and sliding distance. It was seen that, in all specimens, the friction coefficient and the wear rate both increased with increasing Si content. The increase of these values was less in the heat treated specimen than the as-sintered specimen.
Synergistic Effect between Sb2O3 Nanostructure and Brominated Compound on the Flame Retardant Properties of the Polymeric Matrixes
Authors: Gholamian Forozan , Nabiyouni Gholamreza , Ghanbari Davood , Jalajerdi Rouhollah , Aminifazl Alireza 
Published: April 2013

AbstractWe have successfully synthesized Sb2O3 nanostructures using ultrasonic waves. We have also synthesized a brominated compound via a simple chemical reaction. In order to improve the thermal stability of the polymeric nanocomposites, Sb2O3 and brominated compound were added to the poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), cellulose acetate (CA) and poly styrene (PS). The influence of flame retardant additives on the thermal properties of polymer matrixes was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric analysis (DTG). We found that the thermal decomposition of the nanocomposites shifts towards higher temperatures as a result of synergistic effect between Sb2O3 and brominated compound. The nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
Experimental Research and Analysis of Non-alloy Structural Steel Response Exposed to High Temperature Conditions
Authors: Brnic Josip , Turkalj Goran , Krscanski Sanjin 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThis paper presents and analyzes the responses of non-alloy structural steel (1.0044) subjected to uniaxial stresses at high temperatures. This research has two important determinants. The first one is determination of stress-strain dependence and the second is monitoring the behavior of materials subjected to a constant stress at constant temperature over time. Experimental results refer to mechanical properties, elastic modulus, total elongations, creep resistance and Charpy V-notch impact energy. Experimental results show that the tensile strength and yield strength of the considered material fall when the temperature rises over 523 K. Significant decrease in value is especially noticeable when the temperature rises over 723 K. In addition, engineering assessment of fracture toughness was made on the basis of Charpy impact energy. It is visible that when temperature raises then impact energy increases very slightly.