bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase-mediated single-photon scattering and nonreciprocal transmission in a coupled resonator waveguide with a three-level giant atom
Authors: Chen Keke , Zhu Zhonghua , Zhang Yuqing , Fu Xiangyun , Peng Zhaohui , Lu Zhenyan , Chai Yifeng , Xiong Zuzhou , Tan Lei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We theoretically investigate single-photon scattering and nonreciprocal transmission in a coupled resonator waveguide which is coupled to a driven three-level giant atom via two distant sites. In our system, the local coupling phases are introduced to induce intriguing interference effects. As a result, the phase difference can serve as a sensitive controller for the photon scattering. It is found that the photon scattering properties can be effectively tailored by the size of the giant atom, the driving field and the phase difference. Intriguingly, by carefully tuning the parameters such as the atomic dissipation and the phase difference, a perfect nonreciprocal single-photon transmission can be realized. Additionally, the photon frequency can be adjusted by modulating Rabi frequency of the driving field. These results have significant potential for the development of nonreciprocal optical devices using the giant-atom configuration.
Secondary electron yield of air-exposed ALD-Al2O3 coating on Ag-plated aluminum alloy
Authors: Wan 万 Xue-Man 雪曼 , Hu 胡 Tian-Cun 天存 , Yang 杨 Jing 晶 , Zhang 张 Na 娜 , He 何 Yun 鋆 , Cui 崔 Wan-Zhao 万照 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Secondary electron yield (SEY) of air-exposed metals tends to be increased because of air-formed oxide, hydrocarbon, and other contaminants. This enhances the possibility of secondary electron multipacting in high-power microwave systems, resulting in undesirable occurrence of discharge damage. Al2O3 coatings have been utilized as passive and protective layers on device packages to provide good environmental stability. We employed atomic layer deposition (ALD) to produce a series of uniform Al2O3 coatings with appropriate thickness on Ag-plated aluminum alloy. The secondary electron emission characteristics and their variations during air exposure were observed. The escape depth of secondary electron needs to exceed the coating thickness to some extent in order to demonstrate SEY of metallic substrates. Based on experimental and calculated results, the maximum SEY of Ag-plated aluminum alloy had been maintained at 2.45 over 90 days of exposure without obvious degradation by applying 1 nm Al2O3 coatings. In comparison, the peak SEY of untreated Ag-plated aluminum alloy grew from an initial 2.33 to 2.53, exceeding that of the 1 nm Al2O3 sample. The ultra-thin ALD-Al2O3 coating substantially enhanced the SEY stability of metal materials, with good implications for the environmental dependability of spacecraft microwave components.
Comparative study on the aerodynamic characteristics of various wingtips for soaring drones
Authors: Cui Yunxiang , Yan De , Wan Zhiqiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The bionic structure of birds is an important topic in aircraft research, and determining the configuration of wingtips is important. The wingtips of birds have two characteristics: upturned and slotted. Many studies have shown that these wingtip characteristics can improve aerodynamic efficiency, but the wing models, calculation contents, comparison objects, and applicable scenarios used in these studies differ, and the conclusions also differ. To explore wingtip forms suitable for soaring drones, model building, aerodynamic characteristic calculations, and a comparative analysis of various wingtips are presented in this paper. This research is based on a fixed-wing drone that mimics soaring birds, such as eagles and vultures, using thermal updrafts to soar for long periods. Two wingtip models, the seamless wingtip and biomimetic slotted wingtip, were established. The aerodynamic characteristics of the wingtip models were calculated and compared under various cant angle states. The results show that in most flight states of fixed-wing soaring drones, seamless wingtips have higher lift coefficients, lower drag coefficients, and higher lift-to-drag ratios than bio-memetic slotted wingtips, making them more suitable for the soaring drone design.
Experimental study on the separation of the strap type connection unlocking mechanism
Authors: Fan Junfeng , Wang Yalong , Zhang Haoyue , Yang Juhan , Wang Xiaohong , Luo Jie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The strap type connection mechanism is widely used in star arrow connections due to its high reliability. The article analyzes the separation test characteristics of the star arrow belt type connection unlocking mechanism, proposes three separation test methods, and analyzes and compares their advantages and disadvantages. A separation test scheme design and experimental verification were carried out for the belt type connection mechanism of a certain satellite, and a test scheme and method suitable for complex separation surfaces and requiring precise measurement of separation speed, attitude, and other parameters were summarized.
Efficient computation of horizontal stabilizer incidence angle for low pitching moments based on actuator model
Authors: Yang Minghao , Hu Wei , Li Shu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the forward flight state of the helicopter, the interaction between the main rotor downwash airflow and the horizontal stabilizer at the fuselage end generates a pitching moment, which can be mitigated by changing the incidence angle of the horizontal stabilizer to improve the flight safety. The calculation method proposed in this paper simplifies the main rotor to actuator disk model and the horizontal stabilizer to actuator line model, which can be used to optimize the angle of incidence without geometric modeling. Numerical experiments can prove the high efficiency and good numerical convergence of this method, and the small pitching moment can still be obtained after considering the geometric model under this angle of incidence, and the comparison of the results under different advance ratios can also prove the effectiveness of this optimization algorithm.
Topology optimization method for reducing thermal stress in the power drive module of the actuator system
Authors: Xu Zhiwei , Tang Dejia , Wu Xiaofeng , Li Xingyong , Zhang Jilin , Hong Ming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the actuator system of hypersonic aircraft aero-surfaces control system, the thermoelastic effect behavior of the power drive module under the coupling influence of its own heat consumption and external aerodynamic heat conduction is considered. To reduce the thermal stress of the power drive module caused by the thermoelastic effect, and simultaneously limit the allowable temperature of the power drive module, a topology optimization method for heat sinks under the constraint structure of the power drive module and actuator supports is proposed, and the heat transfer analysis based on thermal storage optimization structure has been implemented. The topology-optimized heat storage includes a slit structure that extends radially along the heat flux line, allowing deformation to suppress thermal stress concentration.
The influence of two different dihedral angles on diffuser performance based on LES
Authors: Suo Yue , Zhou Ling , Zhu Huiling , Ji Lucheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The influence of two different dihedral angles on diffusion capability and flow separation in a diffuser was investigated in this study. Geometric models of straight-walled diffusers with dihedral angles of 90° and 108° were established. The mean and transient flow fields were obtained by using the large eddy simulation (LES) method. The research results show that increasing the dihedral angle enhances the diffusion capability of the diffuser and reduces the volume fraction of the mean separation zones for the diffusers with dihedral angles of 90° and 108°. Besides, hairpin vortexes are observed near the onset of divergent sections of the two diffusers. The findings regarding the effect of dihedral angle on flow separation provide some guidance for corner designing, which can be summarized as increasing dihedral angle reasonably can suppress corner separation and reduce flow losses.
Coordinated active-reactive power optimisation of a distribution system based on a hyper-heuristic algorithm
Authors: Cong MaoJie , Zhao Yixin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As an important part of the power system, the effective operation of the distribution system is essential to guarantee the security and stability of the whole power grid, and the coordination and optimisation between active and reactive power positively influence the efficiency and stability of the distribution system. For the problem of voltage failure in the distribution system, an objective function considering network loss and node voltage offset is established. In this paper, the objective function is optimised by regulating the machine-end voltage of the generator, the taps of the on-load regulator transformer, and the reactive power compensation device. This paper applies a hyper-heuristic algorithm to solve the active, reactive power coordination optimisation problem. Thompson sampling is used as a high-level strategy to improve the performance of the algorithm. Gaussian distribution generating random perturbation and Cauchy variation are added to the algorithm to improve the algorithm’s local search ability and avoid falling into local optimum, respectively. Finally, the IEEE-30 example is used for validation. The results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce network losses and improve node voltage levels, which is suitable for solving such optimisation problems.
Film forming amine maintenance effect on steam generator feed water pipe of PWR nuclear power plant
Authors: Canshuai Liu , Guocai Xi , Di Wu , Fuzhi Zhou , Yun Sun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Octadecylamine was investigated focusing on the inner wall of steam generator feed water pipe of PWR nuclear power plant. The maintenance process and adsorption mechanism of octadecylamine on A515-60 carbon steel were examined using material interface characterization methods. High-temperature and high-pressure de oxidation electrochemical test circuit was constructed to simulate the service environment of SG feed pipe inner wall carbon steel. Various analytical techniques including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Partial Discharge (PD), contact angle measurements, and corrosion weight loss analysis were employed to characterize the surface morphology, elemental composition, maintenance effect, and corrosion rate of bare A515-60 carbon steel after film formation in octadecylamine solution. The study delved into the effects of film formation concentration, temperature, time, and dosing method on film formation efficacy. The following key conclusions were drawn: 1) Various concentrations of octadecylamine solution will create a hydrophobic film on the top of A515-60 carbon steel. When the concentration of octadecylamine was below 10mg/L, it might promote localized corrosion of carbon steel; however, when the concentration exceeded 20mg/L, it effectively inhibited carbon steel corrosion, with maintenance effects stabilizing after an 8-hour film formation period. 2) Under the condition of one-time dosing, a concentration of 20mg/L was recommended as optimal for application in the maintenance of carbon steel within the inner wall of SG feed pipes, with an 8-hour film formation period being the most effective. 3) Continuous dosing processes were identified as an essential area for further research.
Enhanced throughput message streaming methods for DAQ systems of physics experiments
Authors: Yang Y. , Cao P. , Wang X. , Liu X. , Wang Y. , Wu Y. , Yuan J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In nuclear and particle experiments, to achieve a real-time
software-based data acquisition (DAQ) system, a message streaming
platform is adopted as a solution for real-time data streaming
transmission, facilitating a decoupled and scalable architecture. As
increasing data rate in recent experiments demands higher and higher
throughput, existing message streaming platforms lack of high
single-node throughput, guarantees of reliability, and sequentiality
for high-throughput transmission applications. This paper introduces
enhanced throughput message streaming methods for DAQ systems, named
DAQMQ. DAQMQ utilizes in-memory storage to store messages during
transmission, offering high throughput performance and configurable
message retention capability. Reliability in high-throughput
transmission is strictly guaranteed by employing a two-phased
acknowledgment mechanism. By fast reorganizing message streams in
real-time, DAQMQ achieves high-throughput non-blocking sequential
transmission. Evaluations conducted on ordinary PCs with 10-Gigabit
network connections show that DAQMQ achieves a stable single-node
throughput of 9.0 Gbit/s even when handling up to 1024
topics. Furthermore, DAQMQ achieves sequential transmission
throughput close to that of non-sequential transmission. Tests with
a broker or consumer breakdown during high-throughput transmission
demonstrate DAQMQ's reliability and asynchronous transmission
ability.
Insight into the nitrogen-vacancy center formation in type-Ib diamond by irradiation and annealing approach
Authors: Liu Taiqiao , Lyu Fanglin , Shao Tian , Zou Diwei , Shen Wei , Guo Yuzheng , Zhong Yuan , Chen Chaoyang , Yi Liangchen , Zhang Zhaofu , Shen Andy H 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Comprehending the microscopic formation of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in nitrogen-doped diamonds is crucial for enhancing the controllable preparation of NV centers and quantum applications. Irradiation followed by annealing simulations for a type-Ib diamond with a 900 ppm concentration of isolated nitrogen is conducted along different orientations and at different annealing temperatures. In these simulations, molecular dynamics (MD) with smoothly connected potential functions are implemented. MD simulations revealed the dynamic formation process of the NV center, which was subsequently verified by first-principles calculations and experiments. The results indicate that vacancies undergo one or multiple migrations by exchanging sites with neighboring atoms. There are three mechanisms for the formation of NV centers: direct irradiation-induced NV formation, irradiation with further annealing to form NV and vacancy migration (VM) during the annealing process. Furthermore, the results show that both VM and NV center formations are affected by orientations. This study clarifies the formation of NV centers across multiple scales and provides a solid foundation for the targeted preparation of NV centers.
Anatomy of an Avatar
Authors: Gerrans Philip 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The self is an avatar, a virtual entity, constructed by the brain to play the game of life. To control the organism the mind manipulates the avatar through the world. The avatar co-ordinates bodily, perceptual, sensorimotor, cognitive, and metacognitive processes in pursuit of the organism’s goals, the most basic of which is homeostatic maintenance. Other processes are layered over basic homeostatic ones which provide the ultimate anchor for cognition. The nature of this layering, the way it is anchored by the avatar, and the consequences for philosophy and cognitive neuropsychiatry are the focus of this book. It uses disorders of self awareness as a case study because they throw the nature of the avatar into sharp relief. When avatar is functioning well we are barely aware of it. Self awareness is a subtle and evanescent component of sensory experience. However when the pattern of neural activation that implements the avatar degrades or disappears, the resulting regulatory failure is manifest in a variety of disorders of self awareness. Cotard delusion (‘I no longer exist’), depersonalization experience, psychedelic experience, and pain asymbolia (‘the pain feels as if it belongs to someone else’) are florid examples. However, it turns out that other disorders such as social anxiety and addiction, which are not obviously pathologies of self awareness, also stem from maladaptive patterns of activity in the circuitry that implements the avatar.
Introduction
Authors: Gerrans Philip 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The avatar is a solution to the problem of controlling a complex, fragile, precariously integrated set of interacting subsystems, whose nature is opaque to introspection. These subsystems cannot be directly regulated. The avatar serves as a simple, unified regulatory proxy for the complex distributed regulatory system. Feelings of unity, persistence, and ownership of experience arise in the process of basic bodily regulation anchored by the avatar. Daniel Dennett proposed that the self is a ‘centre of narrative gravity’ a linguistic artefact that serves a regulatory role. I propose that feelings of unity and persistence arise at a lower level: interoceptive regulation. Emotional and narrative processes are layered over interoceptive and inherit the properties of the avatar. The elusiveness of the self in introspection, the evanescence of the feeling of mineness, and the lack of a straightforward neural correlate for self awareness are explained by this idea.
Ego dissolution in psychedelic experience
Authors: Gerrans Philip 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Users of psychedelic drugs often report that their sense of being a self or ‘I’ distinct from the rest of the world has diminished or altogether dissolved in a phenomenon known as ego dissolution (Nour et al., 2016). This is a case of transient disintegration of the self model caused by actions of serotonin 5HT2A agonists. Psychedelic experience provides a window on the nature of self representation and a chance to evaluate different accounts. On one account, the self is modelled in the same way as perceived objects—as an entity to which sensory features are bound. However, self modelling does not use the feature binding solution. This is because of differences between interoception and perception that make feature binding unsuitable as a strategy for interoceptive regulation. Ultimately, dissolution is best thought of not as the unbinding of features, but as loss of a centre of interoceptive gravity.
Depth: A Kantian Account of Reason
Authors: Zinkin Melissa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Depth: A Kantian Account of Reason provides a new interpretation of Kant’s view of reason. Unlike recent interpretations, which claim that for Kant reason is valuable because it is the source of moral value, this book argues that Kant considers reason to be the source of a more fundamental and wider ranging value: depth. Although philosophers often use the term “depth” to indicate a kind of value, they rarely make explicit what they mean. This book argues that depth is the value of the cognition that results from the systematic reflection that is the activity of human reason. This value, however, is not just a moral or an epistemic value. Rather, it is best understood as an aesthetic value. An account of Kant’s view of reason as the source of depth has advantages over other accounts because it can solve several interpretative puzzles and can show that, throughout his texts, Kant has a unified view of reason. Moreover, it can reveal the deep connection that Kant saw between our reason and our humanity. An implication of this account is the importance of the deep, rational reflection that is exemplified, and cultivated, by the arts, for other human endeavors, such as science and moral action.
The Law of Nature Formulation
Authors: Zinkin Melissa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This is the first chapter in the book’s account of how, in Groundwork II, Kant argues that we systematically think through a maxim of action and deepen our comprehension of why (or why not) we ought to act on it. The Law of Nature formulation of the Categorical Imperative explains to us that if we do not act on a maxim that can be a universal law, then we are a hypocrite. The subjective precondition that makes us receptive to duty here is conscience. For Kant, what conscience judges is not whether or not an action is moral. Conscience does not make a determinative judgment. Rather it is the consciousness of our receptivity to duty, which results from reflection on whether or not we have been thorough in thinking through our maxim of action to see whether it can be universalized.
A short history of civil wars, and why civil wars matter
Authors: Toft Monica Duffy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Civil wars tend to last for years and display a destructive tendency to both escalate and to expand geographically. This chapter discusses the importance and prevalence of civil wars. It highlights the theories and statistics on where and when civil wars are fought, why civil wars break out, how they are waged, who wins, and when peace fails or lasts. It also introduces a brief history of civil wars and explains why they matter to people in and out of the country at war.
Transnational effects
Authors: Toft Monica Duffy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The effects of civil wars are not felt only within the country—the effects spill over international borders, widening the war and spreading instability. What happens in a civil war country, doesn’t stay in the country. Rebel groups operate in relative safe havens across the border, trying to evade government forces back home. Refugees flee outside the country to save their own lives. And conflicts and the movements of militants and displaced persons also assist illicit trade in arms, drugs, and other illegal goods.
Elections: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Maisel L. Sandy , Yoder Jennifer A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Elections: A Very Short Introduction focuses on the key concepts surrounding elections that occur in all democracies and nondemocratic regimes. Elections, essentially, determine who will hold public office and who will have the power to govern. Moreover, not all democracies function in the same way, nor do their respective election systems. The VSI then highlights how elections connect citizens to those whom they choose to make decisions on their behalf and who regulate their behavior. It examines a variety of voting and electoral systems before providing an overview of reforms under consideration in a number of countries.
Elections around the world
Authors: Maisel L. Sandy , Yoder Jennifer A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses elections across the world. Essentially, elections determine who will hold public office and who will have the power to govern. The chapter explains that electoral rules often affect the way an election is conducted and its subsequent results, alongside the ability of citizens to affect policy change through the electoral process. When it comes to accessibility to participation in the politics of the system, societal representation, and models of governance, historical experiences and the preference of system designers often shape electoral rules. The chapter cites that elections function differently in the 89 nations that the V-Dem Institute considers to be liberal or electoral democracies.
Electoral systems
Authors: Maisel L. Sandy , Yoder Jennifer A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on electoral systems. It explains how an electoral system reflects the designers’ self-interest in many ways. The choice of precise rules and features indicates the extent to which designers of electoral systems prioritize the participation of various minority groups in elected offices and wish to see elected bodies reflect the societies that elect them, or if they prefer to continue the power of dominant elements of the polity. The chapter then provides an overview of several key concepts, such as history, plurality systems, proportional representation (PR), and heads of state. The chapter clarifies that there is no best system while citing that electoral systems represent trade-offs between simplicity and accountability.