bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-correlation spin noise spectroscopy of heterogeneous interacting spin systems
Authors: Roy Dibyendu , Yang Luyi , Crooker Scott A. , Sinitsyn Nikolai A. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractInteracting multi-component spin systems are ubiquitous in nature and in the laboratory. As such, investigations of inter-species spin interactions are of vital importance. Traditionally, they are studied by experimental methods that are necessarily perturbative: e.g., by intentionally polarizing or depolarizing one spin species while detecting the response of the other(s). Here, we describe and demonstrate an alternative approach based on multi-probe spin noise spectroscopy, which can reveal inter-species spin interactions - under conditions of strict thermal equilibrium - by detecting and cross-correlating the stochastic fluctuation signals exhibited by each of the constituent spin species. Specifically, we consider a two-component spin ensemble that interacts via exchange coupling and we determine cross-correlations between their intrinsic spin fluctuations. The model is experimentally confirmed using “two-color” optical spin noise spectroscopy on a mixture of interacting Rb and Cs vapors. Noise correlations directly reveal the presence of inter-species spin exchange, without ever perturbing the system away from thermal equilibrium. These non-invasive and noise-based techniques should be generally applicable to any heterogeneous spin system in which the fluctuations of the constituent components are detectable.
Is interaction of amyloid β-peptides with metals involved in cognitive activity?
Authors: Tamano Haruna , Takeda Atsushi 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Metal ions, i.e., Zn2+ and Cu2+, are released from neuron terminals in the hippocampus, which plays important roles in spatial and declarative memory, and may serve as a signal factor. Synaptic homeostasis of metal ions is critical for cognitive activity in the hippocampus. Amyloid-β (Aβ) is a causative candidate for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Aβ-induced synapse dysfunction is easy to emerge along with normal aging and leads to the cognitive decline and memory loss in the pre-dementia stage of AD. Because Aβ interacts with Zn2+ and Cu2+, it is likely that these metal ions are involved in the Aβ-induced modification of the synaptic function. There is evidence to indicate that the inhibition of the interaction of Aβ with Zn2+ and Cu2+ may ameliorate the pathophysiology of AD. Interaction of extracellular Zn2+ with Aβ in the hippocampus is involved in transiently Aβ-induced cognition deficits, while the interaction of extracellular Cu2+ reduces bioavailability of intracellular Cu2+, followed by an increase in oxidative stress, which may lead to cognitive deficits. It is likely that Zn2+ and Cu2+ play as a key-mediating factor in pathophysiology of the synaptic dysfunction in which Aβ is involved. Based on the idea that understating Aβ-induced changes in synaptic plasticity is important to prevent AD, the present paper summarizes the interaction of Aβ with metal ions in cognition.
Charge-mediated influence of the antibody variable domain on FcRn-dependent pharmacokinetics
Authors: Schoch Angela , Kettenberger Hubert , Mundigl Olaf , Winter Gerhard , Engert Julia , Heinrich Julia , Emrich Thomas 
Published: April 2015

Significance
Therapeutic antibodies of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotype show a pharmacokinetic (PK) profile that is strongly mediated by the interaction with the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn). Therefore, modulating the FcRn–IgG interaction allows altering PK characteristics of therapeutic antibodies. So far, engineering the crystallizable fragment (Fc) is known to affect PK, and, although the influence of the antigen binding fragment (Fab) on FcRn interactions has been reported, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the charge distribution in the distal variable fragment (Fv) of IgGs is involved in excessive binding to the FcRn, thereby reducing FcRn-dependent terminal half-lives in vivo. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the FcRn–IgG interaction.
Operationalizing the social-ecological systems framework to assess sustainability
Authors: Leslie Heather M. , Basurto Xavier , Nenadovic Mateja , Sievanen Leila , Cavanaugh Kyle C. , Cota-Nieto Juan José , Erisman Brad E. , Finkbeiner Elena , Hinojosa-Arango Gustavo , Moreno-Báez Marcia , Nagavarapu Sriniketh , Reddy Sheila M. W. , Sánchez-Rodríguez Alexandra , Siegel Katherine , Ulibarria-Valenzuela José Juan , Weaver Amy Hudson , Aburto-Oropeza Octavio 
Published: April 2015

Significance
Meeting human needs while sustaining ecosystems and the benefits they provide is a global challenge. Coastal marine systems present a particularly important case, given that >50% of the world’s population lives within 100 km of the coast and fisheries are the primary source of protein for >1 billion people worldwide. Our integrative analysis here yields an understanding of the sustainability of coupled social-ecological systems that is quite distinct from that provided by either the biophysical or the social sciences alone and that illustrates the feasibility and value of operationalizing the social-ecological systems framework for comparative analyses of coupled systems, particularly in data-poor and developing nation settings.
Functional connectivity arises from a slow rhythmic mechanism
Authors: Li Jingfeng M. , Bentley William J. , Snyder Lawrence H. 
Published: April 2015

Significance
Functional connectivity MRI has revolutionized our understanding of brain architecture. Correlated changes in oxygen levels reveal networks of regions. These networks, each linked to particular functions, are conserved across individuals and species. Normal development, learning, and mental disorders are associated with subtle network changes, providing insight into how brains work. Remarkably, the basis of functional connectivity remains unknown. Although some studies have reported data consistent with an oscillatory process, the leading hypothesis involves emergent, arrhythmic dynamics of complex and distributed networks (the “criticality” hypothesis). By using a new electrode-based technique, we show that functional connectivity is not related to criticality, but instead to specific and potentially localizable oscillatory processes. This finding provides a tool to identify the mechanisms underlying functional connectivity.
Predator lipids induce paralytic shellfish toxins in bloom-forming algae
Authors: Selander Erik , Kubanek Julia , Hamberg Mats , Andersson Mats X. , Cervin Gunnar , Pavia Henrik 
Published: April 2015

SignificanceWe report the chemical basis for a critical question in ocean science: how do single-celled algae, which are responsible for almost half of Earth's photosynthesis, sense their environment to respond appropriately to the lethal threat of predation? The increasing frequency of toxic algal blooms, with worldwide consequences to human health, fisheries, and marine ecosystem functioning, has garnered much attention in recent years, but it has remained unclear how algal toxicity is regulated. With the current paper, we show that substantial (20×) induction of toxicity occurs when one species of algae is exposed to a family of previously unknown chemical cues from predatory zooplankton (copepods). The copepodamides represent the first discovery, to our knowledge, of chemical cues mediating interactions between marine zooplankton and their prey.
Reconciling reported and unreported HFC emissions with atmospheric observations
Authors: Lunt Mark F. , Rigby Matthew , Ganesan Anita L. , Manning Alistair J. , Prinn Ronald G. , O’Doherty Simon , Mühle Jens , Harth Christina M. , Salameh Peter K. , Arnold Tim , Weiss Ray F. , Saito Takuya , Yokouchi Yoko , Krummel Paul B. , Steele L. Paul , Fraser Paul J. , Li Shanlan , Park Sunyoung , Reimann Stefan , Vollmer Martin K. , Lunder Chris , Hermansen Ove , Schmidbauer Norbert , Maione Michela , Arduini Jgor , Young Dickon , Simmonds Peter G. 
Published: April 2015

Significance
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are among the atmosphere’s fastest growing, and most potent, greenhouse gases. Proposals have been made to phase down their use over the coming decades. Such initiatives may largely be informed by existing emissions inventories, which, we show, are the subject of significant uncertainty. In this work, we use atmospheric models and measurements to examine the accuracy of these inventories for five major HFCs. We show that, when aggregated together, reported emissions of these HFCs from developed countries are consistent with the atmospheric measurements, and almost half of global emissions now originate from nonreporting countries. However, the agreement between our results and the inventory breaks down for individual HFC emissions, suggesting inaccuracies in the reporting methods for individual compounds.
Contribution of air conditioning adoption to future energy use under global warming
Authors: Davis Lucas W. , Gertler Paul J. 
Published: April 2015

SignificanceThe use of air conditioning is poised to increase dramatically over the next several decades as global temperatures go up and incomes rise around the world. In this paper, we use high-quality microdata from Mexico to characterize empirically the relationship between temperature, income, and air conditioning. We describe both how electricity consumption increases with temperature given current levels of air conditioning, and how climate and income drive air conditioning adoption decisions. We then combine these estimates with predicted end-of-century temperature changes to forecast future energy consumption. Overall, our results point to air conditioning impacts being considerably larger than previously believed.
Solution structure of the PsIAA4 oligomerization domain reveals interaction modes for transcription factors in early auxin response
Authors: Dinesh Dhurvas Chandrasekaran , Kovermann Michael , Gopalswamy Mohanraj , Hellmuth Antje , Calderón Villalobos Luz Irina A. , Lilie Hauke , Balbach Jochen , Abel Steffen 
Published: April 2015

Significance
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA or auxin) is indispensable during the entire plant life cycle and regulates diverse processes and transitions via hierarchical gene expression. The hormone triggers rapid destruction of AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (AUX/IAA) repressors that control AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) activators in auxin-regulated gene transcription. AUX/IAA and ARF proteins interact physically via their C-terminal Phox and Bem1p (PB1) domain, which is shared between both families. This work reports the solution structure of a wild-type AUX/IAA PB1 domain and identifies amino acid residues that engage in directional interaction of monomers, largely via hydrogen bonds between conserved basic and acidic surface patches. Our study provides a framework for unraveling molecular determinants that confer specificity to complex interactions between AUX/IAA and ARF transcription factors.
Functional reconstitution ofDrosophila melanogasterNMJ glutamate receptors
Authors: Han Tae Hee , Dharkar Poorva , Mayer Mark L. , Serpe Mihaela 
Published: April 2015

SignificanceWe report the first functional reconstitution of neuromuscular (NMJ) glutamate receptors from the fruit flyDrosophila. The identification of these receptors enabled tremendous insight into the mechanisms of synapse assembly and development. However, analysis of animals with mutant receptors is complicated by compound phenotypes; studies on isolated receptors are necessary to identify the structural elements and auxiliary proteins important for receptor assembly, surface delivery, and function. We show that Neto is an essential component required for the function ofDrosophilaNMJ receptors expressed inXenopusoocytes, and use this system to examine subunit dependence and function. We find thatDrosophilaNMJ receptors have ligand-binding properties and structural features strikingly different from vertebrate glutamate receptors.
Microscopic identification of the order parameter governing liquid–liquid transition in a molecular liquid
Authors: Murata Ken-ichiro , Tanaka Hajime 
Published: April 2015

Significance
Liquid–liquid transition (LLT) in single-component liquids is one of the most mysterious phenomena in condensed matter. To understand this phase transition, it is essential to elucidate the order parameter governing it. We have succeeded in accessing the structural order parameter governing LLT by simultaneously measuring small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering during the process of LLT. We identify the order parameter to be the number density of locally favored structures, whose size is a few nanometers. This suggests that the order parameter is scalar and nonconserved. This finding sheds new light on the physical nature of this unconventional transition from one liquid to another.
Assortative mating without assortative preference
Authors: Xie Yu , Cheng Siwei , Zhou Xiang 
Published: April 2015

Significance
Assortative mating, the tendency of men and women who marry to have similar social characteristics, is a commonly observed phenomenon in human societies. This study shows that assortative mating could result from structural causes independent of human agents’ preference, because unmarried persons who newly enter marriage are systematically different from those who married earlier. Thus, assortative mating could result from selection, not by rational choice, but by the dynamics of social structures.
MurJ and a novel lipid II flippase are required for cell wall biogenesis inBacillus subtilis
Authors: Meeske Alexander J. , Sham Lok-To , Kimsey Harvey , Koo Byoung-Mo , Gross Carol A. , Bernhardt Thomas G. , Rudner David Z. 
Published: April 2015

SignificanceThe bacterial envelope is composed of a diverse set of polysaccharides. Virtually all of these polymers are synthesized from lipid-linked precursors that are flipped across the cytoplasmic membrane by ATP-binding cassette transporters or multidrug/oligosaccharidyl-lipid/polysaccharide (MOP) exporter superfamily members. Transport of the cell wall precursor lipid II requires the MOP family member MurJ inEscherichia coli. Here, we provide evidence for a novel lipid II flippase inBacillus subtiliscalled alternate to MurJ (Amj), which bears no similarity to either family of transporters.amjis up-regulated in the absence ofB. subtilisMurJ (MurJBs) via an envelope stress-response pathway, suggesting this novel flippase may serve as a defense mechanism against naturally occurring MurJ antagonists.
Topology, structures, and energy landscapes of human chromosomes
Authors: Zhang Bin , Wolynes Peter G. 
Published: April 2015

Significance
Various cell types emerge from their nearly identical genetic content for a multicellular organism, in part, via the regulation of the function of the genome—the DNA molecules inside the cell. Similar to the way catalytic activity is lost when proteins denature, the function of the genome is tightly coupled to its 3D organization. A theoretical framework for picturing the structure and dynamics of the genome will therefore greatly advance our understanding of cell biology. We present an energy landscape model of the chromosome that reproduces a diverse set of experimental measurements. The model enables quantitative predictions of chromosome structure and topology and provides mechanistic insight into the role of 3D genome organization in gene regulation and cell differentiation.
Characterizing the in vivo role of trehalose inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeusing theAGT1transporter
Authors: Gibney Patrick A. , Schieler Ariel , Chen Jonathan C. , Rabinowitz Joshua D. , Botstein David 
Published: April 2015

SignificanceTrehalose is an important molecule for industrial and medical applications. These applications include use as a food additive to increase sweetness and promote freeze-dry preservation. Trehalose is also included in antibody preparations for stabilization during freezing or desiccation. Further, trehalose biosynthesis is required for virulence of fungal pathogens, and, because animal cells do not synthesize trehalose, trehalose biosynthesis is an attractive antifungal target. Despite all of its uses, the direct physiological roles of trehalose remain unclear. Here, we describe the development and characterization of a system in the model yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeto directly assess the physiological roles of trehalose. We find that many of the roles traditionally ascribed to trehalose are not the result of trehalose accumulation per se.
Transatlantic Networks in the Correspondence of Two Exiled Spanish Musicians, Julián Bautista and Adolfo Salazar
Authors: Moreda Rodríguez Eva 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTStudies of the Spanish Republican exile, both musicological and otherwise, have often worked under the assumption that the exiles were disconnected from Francoist Spain and were thus unable to contribute in any way to the musical life of their home country. This article re-examines these assumptions by analysing a hitherto unexplored corpus of correspondence between two exiled musicians, Julián Bautista and Adolfo Salazar, and other musicians who had stayed in Francoist Spain. Such correspondence suggests that the exiles could, and indeed did, contribute to Spanish musical life under Francoism in a variety of ways.
Thomas Adès and the Spectres of Brahms
Authors: Venn Edward 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe appearance of a ghost in Alfred Brendel's poem ‘Brahms II’, set by Thomas Adès for baritone and orchestra in 2001, is not the first time Brahms the composer has been discussed with reference to the supernatural. In order to provide a hermeneutic interpretation of Adès's Brahms, op. 21, and an explanation of why Brahms continues to haunt composers of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, this article draws on Derrida's notion of hauntology, exploring notions of the uncanny, late Brahms and Schoenberg's ‘Brahms the Progressive’.
Case Series of 5 Patients with End‐Stage Renal Disease with Reversible Dyspnea, Heart Failure, and Pulmonary Hypertension Related to Arteriovenous Dialysis Access
Authors: Raza Farhan , Alkhouli Mohamad , Rogers Frances , Vaidya Anjali , Forfia Paul 
Published: April 2015

Patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) with arteriovenous dialysis access (AVDA) can develop symptoms of heart failure and pulmonary hypertension (PH). We report on 5 patients with ESRD and AVDA who presented with shortness of breath, heart failure, and PH. All patients had partial or complete closure of AVDA and were reevaluated after AVDA revision. All 5 subjects had clinical and echocardiographic evidence of heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and PH at baseline. After complete closure (n = 4) or partial banding (n = 1) of AVDA, mean New York Heart Association class improved from 3.4 ± 0.4 to 1.8 ± 0.4 (P = 0.016). Mean 6‐minute walk distance improved from 236 ± 115 to 366 ± 51 m (P = 0.021). Serial echocardiography revealed a decrease in the right ventricle: left ventricle ratio from 1.12 ± 0.17 to 0.8 ± 0.06 (P = 0.005) and improved diastolic dysfunction parameters. On right heart catheterization before definitive AVDA revision, acute manual fistula or graft occlusion led to an average decrease in cardiac output of 1.1 L/min with no other changes in hemodynamics: 9.88 ± 2.2 to 8.71 ± 2.2 L/min (P = 0.059). However, the average decrease in cardiac output after definitive revision of the AVDA (mean, 90 days) was 4.0 L/min with marked improvements in biventricular filling pressures and pulmonary artery pressure. In patients with ESRD and AVDA presenting with heart failure and PH, revision or closure of AVDA can markedly improve dyspnea as well as the clinical, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic manifestations of heart failure and PH.
Schedule preferences, congruence and employee outcomes in unionized shift workers
Authors: Wittmer Jenell L.S. , Shepard Agnieszka K , Martin James E. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– Employees working nonstandard schedules outside the daytime hours of the Monday-Friday work week are increasing. Using Social Exchange Theory (SET), the purpose of this paper is to hypothesize relationships between scheduling preferences, attitudes, and retention indicators.

Design/methodology/approach
– Survey data were collected from 343 US Postal Service mail processors (day, evening, or night shift; all shifts working weekends) from three cities. Multivariate analysis of covariance and multiple linear regression were used to test hypotheses related to participants’ perceptions of scheduling preferences and attitudes.

Findings
– The authors found that preferences and attitudes toward shift worked had stronger relationships with each other and employee retention indicators for the night and evening shifts than the day shift, and these same relationships were stronger for the day shift when focussing on days of the week worked.

Research limitations/implications
– Although limited by generalizability concerns, this study provides a distinctive application of SET to work schedules and offers a unique perspective on how working nonstandard days and nonstandard times, individually, impact the employment relationship.

Practical implications
– Better work schedule management, with increased flexibility and control, may be one way of reducing negative employee reactions to nonstandard schedules.

Originality/value
– This study goes beyond the typical examinations of standard vs nonstandard shifts, to study multiple nonstandard shifts and examines the relationships of these schedules on employee retention variables, focussing on both shift and weekend work.
The impact of banks’ entrepreneurial orientation on strategic control systems
Authors: Callaway Stephen K. , Jagani Sandeep B. 
Published: April 2015

Purpose
– An organization’s entrepreneurial orientation will relate directly to its efficiency strategies, market development strategies (growth), and its product development strategies (innovation). A firm will develop appropriate strategic control systems according to these chosen strategies. In order to be competitive and balance efficiency, growth and innovation strategies, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the most appropriate strategic controls to implement these strategies.

Design/methodology/approach
– The eight variables under study were measured using 22 psychometric survey items obtained from responses of 101 FDIC-registered banks.

Findings
– The results show a more entrepreneurial orientation is associated with an efficiency strategy, a market development strategy, and a product development strategy. The efficiency strategy was not associated with formal controls, contrary to expectations. A market development strategy was associated with formal rules, but was not found to be associated with formal targets. Finally, product development strategies was associated with all four strategic control archetypes.

Research limitations/implications
– The limitation of this study is that, it only examined banking institutions, and did not consider long-term financial performance implications. This paper supports and extends current research pertaining to company key success factors. Success requires effectively balancing cost reduction objectives, growth objectives, and innovation objectives, in order to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. A more entrepreneurial orientation necessitates a focus on innovation, traditional growth patterns, as well as cost cutting.

Originality/value
– This paper demonstrates that an organization’s entrepreneurial orientation will relate directly to its efficiency, growth, and innovation strategies. Also, it finds the most effective strategic controls to implement these strategies.