bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active fires from the Suomi NPP Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite: Product status and first evaluation results
Authors: Csiszar Ivan , Schroeder Wilfrid , Giglio Louis , Ellicott Evan , Vadrevu Krishna P. , Justice Christopher O. , Wind Brad 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensor on the Suomi National Polar‐orbiting Partnership (S‐NPP) satellite incorporates fire‐sensitive channels, including a dual‐gain high‐saturation temperature 4 µm channel, enabling active fire detection and characterization. The active fire product, based on the 750 m moderate resolution “M” bands of VIIRS, is one of the standard operational products generated by the Interface Data Processing Segment of the S‐NPP ground system. The product builds on an earlier “Collection 4” version of the algorithm used for processing Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. Following postlaunch quality assessments and corrections in the input VIIRS Sensor Data Record data processing, an initial low detection bias was removed and the product achieved Beta quality in April 2012. Daily spurious detections along‐scan lines were also significantly reduced as a result of further processing improvements in October 2012. Direct product comparison with MODIS over 4 months of data in 2013 has shown that VIIRS produces approximately 26% more detections than MODIS within the central 3 pixel VIIRS aggregation zone of approximately ±31° scan angle range and 70% more detections outside of that zone, mainly as a result of the superior VIIRS scanning and sampling characteristics. Further development is in progress to ensure high‐quality VIIRS fire products that continue the MODIS data record and better serve the user community by delivering a full image classification product and fire radiative power retrievals. Research is also underway to take advantage of the radiometric signal from the 375 m VIIRS imager “I” bands.
Hierarchical Growth of Fluorescent Dye Aggregates in Water by Fusion of Segmented Nanostructures
Authors: Zhang Xin , Görl Daniel , Stepanenko Vladimir , Würthner Frank 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDye aggregates are becoming increasingly attractive for diverse applications, in particular as organic electronic and sensor materials. However, the growth processes of such aggregates from molecular to small assemblies up to nanostructures is still not properly understood, limiting the design of materials’ functional properties. Here we elucidate the supramolecular growth process for an outstanding class of functional dyes, perylene bisimides (PBIs), by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo‐SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our studies reveal a sequential growth of amphiphilic PBI dyes from nanorods into nanoribbons in water by fusion and fission processes. More intriguingly, the fluorescence observed for higher hierarchical order nanoribbons was enhanced relative to that of nanorods. Our results provide insight into the relationship between molecular, morphological, and functional properties of self‐assembled organic materials.
Inversion of Supramolecular Helicity in Oligo‐p‐phenylene‐Based Supramolecular Polymers: Influence of Molecular Atropisomerism
Authors: Aparicio Fátima , Nieto‐Ortega Belén , Nájera Francisco , Ramírez Francisco J. , López Navarrete Juan T. , Casado Juan , Sánchez Luis 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe helical organization of oligo‐p‐phenylene‐based organogelators has been investigated by atomic force microscopy, circular and vibrational circular dichroism, and Raman techniques. Whilst OPPs with more than two phenyl rings in the core self‐assemble into left‐handed helices, that with a biphenyl core shows an inversion of the supramolecular helicity depending on the formation conditions through the atropisomerism of the biphenyl central unit. The results presented herein outline a new example of kinetically controlled modulation of supramolecular helicity.
Vollständige Funktionalisierung des Imidazolgerüsts durch selektive Metallierung und Sulfoxid‐Magnesium‐Austausch
Authors: Sämann Christoph , Coya Estibaliz , Knochel Paul 
Published: December 2013

AbstractEine einfache und flexible Methode für die selektive Funktionalisierung aller Positionen des Imidazolrings durch regioselektive Arylierungen, Allylierungen, Acylierungen und Additionen an Aldehyde ist entwickelt worden. Ausgehend von dem leicht herzustellenden Imidazol 1 konnten durch dirigierte Metallierungen und einen Sulfoxid‐Magnesium‐Austausch hochfunktionalisierte Imidazole regioselektiv synthetisiert werden. Des Weiteren ermöglicht die Kombination aus selektiver N3‐Alkylierung gefolgt von der Entschützung an N1 (Trans‐N‐alkylierung) die regioselektive N‐Alkylierung von komplexen Imidazolen.
Experimental study of colloidal flow in porous media at high velocities
Authors: Aji Kaiser 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTLatex colloidal particle deposition onto an engineered porous medium has been studied at high suspension velocities at conditions favorable for particle attachment. Low value of ratio between particle diameter and mean pore size ensured the absence of particle straining due to size exclusion. Particle deposition is accompanied by the formation and destruction of bridges at high flow velocities accompanied by a sudden increase in hydraulic resistance. Treatment of experimental permeability data with the Forchheimer equation shows that the formation damage coefficient is a function of the critical retained concentration and inverse function of fluid velocity. The inertia coefficient shows similar behavior at low velocities, although it remained almost constant at low surface coverage. Particle deposition at lower fluid velocities is accompanied by a significant increase of inertia coefficient and formation damage. This is explained by a partial formation of the external cake on the inlet surface of the filter. Deep bed filtration continues even at high surface coverage and is characterized by a high filtration coefficient at lower velocities. © 2013 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐Reported Pain and Disease Symptoms Persist in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Despite Treatment Advances: An Electronic Diary Study
Authors: Bromberg Maggie H. , Connelly Mark , Anthony Kelly K. , Gil Karen M. , Schanberg Laura E. 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo use electronic diaries (e‐diaries) to determine whether pain, stiffness, and fatigue continue to be common, disabling symptoms in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) despite the use of aggressive treatments in contemporary medical management.MethodsFifty‐nine children with JIA (ages 8–18 years) provided ratings of pain, stiffness, and fatigue intensity and functional limitations using a smartphone e‐diary 3 times each day for 1 month. Medication information was collected via parent report and checked for accuracy by chart review. Descriptive analyses were conducted to determine typical symptom intensity, frequency, and variability. Multilevel modeling was used to analyze associations between symptoms and functional outcomes and between medication use and symptom intensity.ResultsChildren reported moments of pain in 66% of e‐diary entries. No children were entirely pain‐free across the reporting period. In 31% of all e‐diary entries the visual analog scale score for pain was >40 (high pain intensity), with 86% of children reporting a high level of pain at least once during the study period. The mean ratings of pain, stiffness, and fatigue intensity were in the mild‐to‐moderate range. Medication class was not a reliable predictor of differences in symptom intensity, even though 79% of children were prescribed a disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug and 47% were prescribed a biologic agent. Moments of higher pain intensity and higher stiffness intensity were each uniquely predictive of higher concurrent functional limitations.ConclusionSelf‐reported pain, stiffness, and fatigue continue to be common in children with JIA, despite contemporary advances in treatment strategies, including use of biologic agents. These findings are surprisingly consistent with previous results from research using daily paper diaries in the pre‐biologics era. There remains a pressing and ongoing need to optimize pain and symptom management in JIA.
The Trophy Effect
Authors: Bühren Christoph , Pleßner Marco 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTBy extending a typical endowment effect experiment with the possibility of winning the endowment in a real effort contest, we found two reinforcing effects that led to a complete market failure. Subjects who won the item in the effortful competition had a very high willingness to accept (trophy winner effect). By contrast, subjects who were not successful had an extremely low willingness to pay for the same item (trophy loser effect). We disentangle different components of these effects and investigate the underlying emotional responses. Further, we analyze the duration of the effects and discuss economic implications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel insights on interactions between folate and lipid metabolism
Authors: da Silva Robin P. , Kelly Karen B. , Al Rajabi Ala , Jacobs René L. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractFolate is an essential B vitamin required for the maintenance of AdoMet‐dependent methylation. The liver is responsible for many methylation reactions that are used for post‐translational modification of proteins, methylation of DNA, and the synthesis of hormones, creatine, carnitine, and phosphatidylcholine. Conditions where methylation capacity is compromised, including folate deficiency, are associated with impaired phosphatidylcholine synthesis resulting in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis. In addition, folate intake and folate status have been associated with changes in the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we provide insight on the relationship between folate and lipid metabolism, and an outlook for the future of lipid‐related folate research. © 2013 BioFactors, 40(3):277–283, 2014
Longitudinal study of alexithymia and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Chahraoui Khadija , Duchene Céline , Rollot Fabien , Bonin Bernard , Moreau Thibault 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the course of alexithymia and its relation with anxiety and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), over a period of 5 years.MethodsSixty‐two MS patients were examined at two timepoints, 5 years apart, and they answered questionnaires collecting socio‐demographic, medical, and psychological data (depression, anxiety, alexithymia).ResultsOur data show that emotional disorders remain stable over time in patients with MS, particularly as regards alexithymia and anxiety. Conversely, the rate of depression decreased between the two evaluations, falling from 40% to 26%. The two dimensions of alexithymia (i.e., difficulty describing and difficulty identifying feelings) were correlated with anxiety and depression, whereas the third component of alexithymia (externally oriented thinking) was independent, and was the only component to change over time, with a significant fall observed at 5 years.ConclusionAlexithymia was associated with increased severity of anxiety and attack relapses.
How gender affects the relationship between hedonic shopping motivation and purchase intentions?
Authors: Davis Robert , Lang Bodo , San Diego Josefino 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTFive hundred and fifteen consumer responses are used to model the affect of online hedonic shopping motivation and online purchase intentions: moderated by the consumers' perceptions of their offline and online gendered behaviour. The model was applied across five product categories using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. We conclude that there is no online‐gender effect on hedonic shopping motivation and purchase intentions. However, offline‐gendered behaviour does significantly affect hedonic shopping motivation and purchase intentions for females across all product categories. Our findings support the proposition that gender is merely a prosthetic device of the private self and is an intentional manipulation and misrepresentation of the anonymous body. Online gender is a performance that is hidden by the technological veil from the offline space and public self, without social constraints or criticisms. Research implications are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The culture of gift giving: What do consumers expect from commercial and personal contexts?
Authors: Antón Carmen , Camarero Carmen , Gil Fernando 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTGift giving forms part of a symbolic exchange ritual that is common to all cultures and all periods of history. The goal of the present study is to explore such acts as exchange processes that seek reciprocity aimed at perpetuating relations. From the standpoint of the recipient, we posit the existence of a pattern of behaviour based on the sequence of perceived value–satisfaction–reciprocity. Findings obtained from a sample of 797 individuals indicate that how this sequence works is shaped by the occasion on which the gift is given, whether on commercial occasions—dates marked out by retailers on which everybody gives gifts—or personal occasions—dates marked by private celebrations. If we bear in mind that the ultimate goal of giving gifts is reciprocity or the intention to give in return, choosing an appropriate value may prove to be of particular interest in commercial terms for givers (buyers), recipients (users) and firms (influencers). Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alternol induces an S‐phase arrest of melanoma B16F0 cells
Authors: Liu Liangliang , Zhang Bo , Yuan Xuan , Wang Penglong , Sun Xiling , Zheng Qiusheng 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAlternol is a novel compound purified from the fermentation products of a microorganism in the yew tree bark. This study looks at the effects of alternol on the proliferation and cell cycle distribution of mouse melanoma cells. The inhibition of cell proliferation and changes in cell cycle distribution were analysed by sulforhodamine B and flow cytometry assays, respectively. mRNA expression of cyclin A, cyclin‐dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and CDK inhibitor1A (p21) were measured by real‐time reverse transcription PCR (RT‐PCR). The protein levels of cyclin A, CDK2 and PCNA were analysed by Western blot analysis. p21 was measured by ELISA. Alternol treatment caused a significant decrease in the proliferation rate of B16F0 and B16F10 cells, which were significantly arrested in S phase, but this treatment had less effect on normal human embryonic kidney 293T cells. The mechanism by which alternol inhibits B16F0 proliferation in vitro may be associated with the inhibition of CDK2 and PCNA, and the activation of p21.
Performance characteristics of ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration of axillary lymph nodes for metastatic breast cancer employing rapid on‐site evaluation of adequacy: Analysis of 136 cases and review of the literature
Authors: Fung Adele D. , Collins Jennifer A. , Campassi Christina , Ioffe Olga B. , Staats Paul N. 
Published: December 2013

BACKGROUNDIt has been demonstrated that axillary ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (US‐FNA) has excellent positive predictive value for the axillary lymph node status of patients with breast cancer before surgery or neoadjuvant therapy and, thus, can obviate the need for sentinel lymph node biopsy in FNA‐positive patients. However, US‐FNA has only moderate sensitivity, in part because of the collection of nondiagnostic or equivocal specimens. Rapid on‐site evaluation for adequacy (ROSE) can improve definitive diagnosis rates but has not been well characterized in this setting.METHODSOne hundred thirty‐three patients with breast carcinoma were identified who underwent 136 US‐FNAs of axillary lymph nodes, all with ROSE, and the results were correlated with the diagnosis on a subsequent surgical procedure.RESULTSThe adequacy rate was 95.6% (130 of 136 FNAs), and a definitive diagnosis was made in 91.2% (124 of 136 FNAs). Among definite diagnoses, sensitivity was 75%, specificity was 100%, the positive predictive value was 100%, and the negative predictive value was 79%. Sources of false‐negative and potential false‐positive diagnoses were evaluated among these cases and in the literature.CONCLUSIONSSmall metastasis size is the most common cause of false‐negative results, whereas interpretation errors by pathologists are quite rare. ROSE appears to improve adequacy and definitive diagnosis rates and, thus, can more accurately triage patients to appropriate care. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:282–291. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Genetic and morphometric divergence in threespine stickleback in the Chignik catchment, Alaska
Authors: Taugbøl Annette , Junge Claudia , Quinn Thomas P. , Herland Anders , Vøllestad Leif Asbjørn 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDivergent selection pressures induced by different environmental conditions typically lead to variation in life history, behavior, and morphology. When populations are locally adapted to their current environment, selection may limit movement into novel sites, leading to neutral and adaptive genetic divergence in allopatric populations. Subsequently, divergence can be reinforced by development of pre‐ or postzygotic barriers to gene flow. The threespine stickleback,Gasterosteus aculeatus, is a primarily marine fish that has invaded freshwater repeatedly in postglacial times. After invasion, the established freshwater populations typically show rapid diversification of several traits as they become reproductively isolated from their ancestral marine population. In this study, we examine the genetic and morphometric differentiation between sticklebacks living in an open system comprising a brackish water lagoon, two freshwater lakes, and connecting rivers. By applying a set of microsatellite markers, we disentangled the genetic relationship of the individuals across the diverse environments and identified two genetic populations: one associated with brackish and the other with the freshwater environments. The “brackish” sticklebacks were larger and had a different body shape than those in freshwater. However, we found evidence for upstream migration from the brackish lagoon into the freshwater environments, as fish that were genetically and morphometrically similar to the lagoon fish were found in all freshwater sampling sites. Regardless, few F1‐hybrids were identified, and it therefore appears that some pre‐ and/or postzygotic barriers to gene flow rather than geographic distance are causing the divergence in this system.
Neutral Hexacoordinate Silicon(IV) Complexes with a SiO4NC or SiO3N2C Skeleton and Neutral Pentacoordinate Silicon(IV) Complexes Containing a Trianionic Tetradentate O,N,O,O Ligand
Authors: Weiß Jörg , Sinner Katharina , Baus Johannes A. , Burschka Christian , Tacke Reinhold 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA series of neutral hexacoordinate silicon(IV) complexes with a SiO4NC or SiO3N2C skeleton was synthesized. Additionally, two neutral pentacoordinate silicon(IV) complexes with a SiO3NC skeleton were synthesized. All compounds studied were structurally characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy in the solid state and in solution and by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The hexacoordinate compounds studied contain a tridentate dianionic O,N,O or N,N,O ligand, a phenyl ligand, and a symmetrically substituted derivative of an acetylacetonato ligand of the formula type RC(O)–CH=C(OSiMe3)R (R = Me, Ph, CF3). The two pentacoordinate complexes contain a tetradentate trianionic O,N,O,O ligand and a phenyl ligand.
Antioxidant activities of chick embryo egg hydrolysates
Authors: Sun Hao , Ye Ting , Wang Yuntao , Wang Ling , Chen Yijie , Li Bin 
Published: December 2013

AbstractChick embryo egg hydrolysates (CEEH) were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of chick embryo egg in vitro‐simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The antioxidant activities of CEEH were investigated by employing three in vitro assays, including the 2,2′‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonate)/1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (ABTS/DPPH)/hydroxyl radical‐scavenging assays. The radical‐scavenging effect of CEEH (1.0 mg/mL) was in a dose‐dependent manner, with the highest trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity for ABTS, DPPH, and that of hydroxyl radicals found to be 569, 2097, and 259.6 μmol/L, respectively; whereas the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of unhatched egg for ABTS, DPPH, and that of hydroxyl radicals were found to be 199, 993, and 226.5 μmol/L, respectively. CEEH showed stronger scavenging activity than the hydrolysates of unhatched egg against free radicals such as ABTS, DPPH, and hydroxyl radicals. The antioxidant amino acid analysis indicated that the 14‐day CEEH possess more antioxidant amino acids than that of the unhatched egg. In addition, essential amino acids analysis showed that the 14‐day CEEH have the highest nutritional value. Combined with the results of the amino acid profiles, CEEH were believed to have higher nutritive value in addition to antioxidant activities than the unhatched egg.
Socially induced placebo analgesia: A comparison of a pre‐recorded versus live face‐to‐face observation
Authors: Hunter T. , Siess F. , Colloca L. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundRecently, it has been shown that live, face‐to‐face social observation induces marked placebo analgesia. Despite the phenomenal growth of video sharing platforms, the potential analgesic effects of video‐based social observation are largely unknown. This study compared video‐based and live social observation induced placebo analgesia and whether there was a similar relationship between analgesic responses and empathy traits for both conditions.MethodsHere, we compared placebo analgesia in four groups: social observation through a video (SOV group), social observation in person (SOP group), verbal suggestion alone (VS group) and a natural history group (NH group). The SOV and SOP groups underwent a placebo treatment and painful stimuli following respectively a video‐based and live observation of a demonstrator showing analgesic effects when the painful stimuli were paired to a green light but not a red light. The VS group received painful stimuli after they had been verbally instructed to expect less pain after the green light. The NH group received painful stimuli, but was told nothing about the meaning of the lights. Individual pain reports and empathy traits were measured.ResultsWe found that video‐based observation induced substantial placebo analgesic responses that were of similar magnitude to live observation. Notably, the analgesic scores were strongly correlated with empathetic concern in the live observation group but not in the video replay group.ConclusionsThese findings add evidence that placebo analgesia can be induced by social observation and that empathy interacts with these effects in a context‐dependent manner.