bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal Control System of Space Laser Communication Payload
Authors: Li Shijun , Wu Shaojun , Han Yanlong , Lv Shimeng , Xie Teng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article mainly introduces the design of a thermal control system for laser communication payload. First, the commonly used thermal control technologies for spacecraft and the development of new thermal control technologies in recent years are introduced. Second, the structure and task characteristics of the laser communication payload are presented. Then, the thermal design of the laser communication payload is carried out with a combination of active and passive thermal control methods. To ensure the stability of the optical system, two separate shades are used in the design. Finally, a thermal balance test and in-orbit verification are conducted. The result of the thermal balance test indicates that the temperature range of the optical system is 20.9–22.1 °C. When in orbit, the temperature range of the optical system is 19.7–20.3 °C. The thermal balance test and in-orbit temperature meet the requirements of thermal control indicators, indicating that the thermal design scheme is correct and feasible.
Whole genome sequencing insight into carbapenem-resistant and multidrug-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii
harboring chromosome-borne
bla
OXA-23
Authors: Wang Wei , Weng Jiahui , Wei Jie , Zhang Qinghuan , Zhou Yu , He Yanju , Zhang Limei , Li Wenting , Zhang Yi , Zhang Zhiren , Li Xiaobin 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Carbapenem-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii
(CRAB) poses a significant threat to hospitalized patients as effective therapeutic options are scarce. Based on the genomic characteristics of the CRAB strain AB2877 harboring chromosome-borne
bla
OXA-23
, which was isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of a patient in a respiratory intensive care unit (RICU), we systematically analyzed antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and the genetic context associated with ARGs carried by CRAB strains harboring chromosome-borne
bla
OXA-23
worldwide. Besides
bla
OXA-23
, other ARGs were detected on the chromosome of the CRAB strain AB2877 belonging to ST208/1806 (Oxford MLST scheme). Several key genetic contexts associated with the ARGs were identified on the chromosome of the CRAB strain AB2877, including (1) the MDR region associated with
bla
OXA-23
,
tet(B)-tetR(B
),
aph(3'')-Ib,
and
aph(6)-Id
(2); the resistance island AbGRI3 harboring
armA
and
mph(E)-msr(E
) (3); the Tn
3
-like composite transposon containing
bla
TEM-1D
and
aph(3')-Ia
; and (4) the structure “IS
Aba1-bla
ADC-25
.” The first two genetic contexts were most common in ST195/1816, followed by ST208/1806. The last two genetic contexts were found most frequently in ST208/1806, followed by ST195/1816.

IMPORTANCE

The
bla
OXA-23
gene can be carried by plasmid or chromosome, facilitating horizontal genetic transfer and increasing carbapenem resistance in healthcare settings. In this study, we focused on the genomic characteristics of CRAB strains harboring the chromosome-borne
bla
OXA-23
gene, and the important genetic contexts associated with
bla
OXA-23
and other ARGs were identified, and their prevalent clones worldwide were determined. Notably, although the predominant clonal CRAB lineages worldwide containing the MDR region associated with
bla
OXA-23
,
tet(B)-tetR(B
),
aph(3'')-Ib,
and
aph (6)-Id
was ST195/1816, followed by ST208/1806, the CRAB strain AB2877 in our study belonged to ST208/1806. Our findings contribute to the knowledge regarding the dissemination of CRAB strains and the control of nosocomial infection.
Isolation and characterization of
Septuagintavirus
; a novel clade of
Escherichia coli
phages within the subfamily
Vequintavirinae
Authors: Cortés-Martín Adrián , Buttimer Colin , Pozhydaieva Nadiia , Hille Frank , Shareefdeen Hiba , Bolocan Andrei S. , Draper Lorraine A. , Shkoporov Andrey N. , Franz Charles M. A. P. , Höfer Katharina , Ross R. Paul , Hill Colin 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli
is a commensal inhabitant of the mammalian gut microbiota, frequently associated with various gastrointestinal diseases. There is increasing interest in comprehending the variety of bacteriophages (phages) that target this bacterium, as such insights could pave the way for their potential use in therapeutic applications. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of four newly identified
E. coli
infecting tailed phages (W70, A7-1, A5-4, and A73) that were found to constitute a novel genus,
Septuagintavirus
, within the subfamily
Vequintavirinae
. Genomes of these phages ranged from 137 kbp to 145 kbp, with a GC content of 41 mol%. They possess a maximum nucleotide similarity of 30% with phages of the closest phylogenetic genus,
Certrevirus
, while displaying limited homology to other genera of the
Vequintavirinae
family. Host range analysis showed that these phages have limited activity against a panel of
E. coli
strains, infecting 6 out of 16 tested isolates, regardless of their phylotype. Electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) was performed on the virion of phage W70, allowing the identification of 28 structural proteins, 19 of which were shared with phages of other genera of
Vequintavirinae
family. The greatest diversity was identified with proteins forming tail fiber structures, likely indicating the adaptation of virions of each phage genus of this subfamily for the recognition of their target receptor on host cells. The findings of this study provide greater insights into the phages of the subfamily
Vequintavirinae
, contributing to the pool of knowledge currently known about these phages.

IMPORTANCE

Escherichia coli
is a well-known bacterium that inhabits diverse ecological niches, including the mammalian gut microbiota. Certain strains are associated with gastrointestinal diseases, and there is a growing interest in using bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria, to combat bacterial infections. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of four novel
E. coli
bacteriophages that constitute a new genus,
Septuagintavirus
, within the subfamily
Vequintavirinae
. We conducted mass spectrometry on virions of a representative phage of this novel clade and compared it to other phages within the subfamily. Our analysis shows that virion structure is highly conserved among all phages, except for proteins related to tail fiber structures implicated in the host range. These findings provide greater insights into the phages of the subfamily
Vequintavirinae
, contributing to the existing pool of knowledge about these phages.
Outer membrane vesicles of
Acinetobacter baumannii
DS002 carry circular DNA similar to bovine meat and milk factors (BMMFs) and SPHINX 2.36 and probably play a role in interdomain lateral gene transfer
Authors: Dhurve Ganeshwari , Behera Sandhya Rani , Kodetham Gopinath , Siddavattam Dayananda 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

The discovery of Replication Competent Circular DNA molecules in mammalian cells and tissues is being linked to debilitating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), and colorectal cancer (CRC). These circular DNA molecules, otherwise known as bovine meat and milk factors (BMMFs) and Slow Progressive Hidden INfections of variable (X) latency (SPHINX), bear significant (80%) sequence similarity with the plasmids of
Acinetobacter baumannii
strains. Nanostructures, such as bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) serve as vehicles for transporting biomolecular cargo and have the potential to facilitate interkingdom lateral mobility of DNA. Strengthening the proposed hypothesis, this study demonstrates that OMVs derived from
A. baumannii
DS002 carrying four plasmids and genome (pTS236) of phage, AbDs1, successfully reached different parts of the body, including the central nervous system, following the injection of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled OMVs into experimental mice. Out of the four OMV-associated plasmids, three (pTS4586, pTS9900, and pTS134338) were identified within the lumen, and the fourth one (pTS11291) was found on the surface of OMVs. In addition to the indigenous plasmids, the phage-encoded protein, Orf96, anchored on the surface of the OMVs by establishing a strong interaction with the OMV-associated porin, OmpA. Intriguingly, a subset of labeled OMVs, when incubated with Neuro2A cells, translocated across the membrane and reached to the cytoplasmic space of the cells. Collectively, the experimental evidence presented herein underscores the promising potential of OMVs as vehicles for delivering molecular cargo containing plasmids and phage genomes to diverse mammalian tissues and cells.

IMPORTANCE

Several independent studies have demonstrated the existence of replication competent circular DNA molecules of bacterial and viral origin in mammalian cells and tissues. However, studies about their origin and lateral mobility to mammalian cells are scarce. Our work describes the existence of circular DNA, similar to that of DNA molecules identified in mammalian cells, OMVs derived from soil isolate of
A. baumannii
DS002. Furthermore, the work also provides visual evidence that demonstrates the passage of labeled OMVs to different organs of experimental mice within hours after intravenously administering OMVs into experimental mice. Some of the labeled OMVs have even crossed the membrane of Neuro2A, suggesting the existence of interkingdom horizontal mobility between bacteria and mammals.
Near-extremal Kerr-like ECO in the Kerr/CFT correspondence in higher spin perturbations
Authors: Djogama M. Zhahir , Sakti Muhammad F. A. R. , Zen Freddy P. , Satriawan Mirza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Kerr/CFT correspondence has been established to explore the quantum theory of gravity in the near-horizon geometry of an extreme Kerr black holes. The quantum gravitational corrections on the near-horizon region may manifest in form of a partially reflective membrane that replace the horizon. In such modification, the black holes now can be seen as a horizonless exotic compact object (ECO). In this paper, we consider the properties of Kerr-like ECOs in near-extremal condition using Kerr/CFT correspondence. We study the quasinormal modes and absorption cross-section in that background and compare these by using CFT dual computation. The corresponding dual CFT one needs to incorporate finite size/finite N effects in the dual CFT terminology. We also extend the dual CFT analysis for higher spin perturbations such as photon and graviton. We find consistency between properties of the ECOs from gravity sides and from CFT sides. The quasinormal mode spectrum is in line with non-extreme case, where the differences are in the length of the circle, on which the dual CFT lives, and phase shift of the incoming perturbation. The absorption cross-section has oscillatory feature that start to disappear near extremal limit. The particle spin determines the phase shift and conformal weight. We also obtain that the echo time-delay depends on the position of the membrane and extremality of the ECOs.
Effects of hydrostatic pressure, temperature, and position-dependent mass on the nonlinear optical properties of triple delta-doped GaAs quantum well
Authors: Tuzemen A. Turker , Al E. B. , Sayrac H. , Dakhlaoui H. , Mora-Ramos M. E. , Ungan F. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this study, we thoroughly investigate the impacts of hydrostatic pressure, temperature, and position-dependent mass (PDM) on the nonlinear optical properties of asymmetric triple δ-doped GaAs quantum wells. Our analysis covers total optical absorption coefficients, relative refractive index changes, nonlinear optical rectification, second harmonic generation, and third harmonic generation. Initially, we employ PDM to solve the time-independent Schrödinger equation using the diagonalization method under effective mass and parabolic band approaches, considering pressure and temperature dependencies. Utilizing the first four energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, we apply the compact density matrix method to compute the system’s nonlinear optical properties numerically. The results indicate a shift in optical property peak positions toward lower (higher) energy spectra with increasing hydrostatic pressure (temperature). Furthermore, the influence of PDM shifts the system’s optical properties toward the higher energy spectrum, resembling the effect of temperature. From an experimental and theoretical perspective, one of the topics that researchers work on most is GaAs-based δ-doped systems (δ-doped heterojunction bipolar transistors, δ-doped field effect transistors, δ-multiple independent gate field effect transistors, etc.). We believe these findings will provide valuable insights for the researchers involved in GaAs-based δ-doped optoelectronic device design.
Mathematical Modeling of Tumor Growth in Preclinical Mouse Models with Applications in Biomarker Discovery and Drug Mechanism Studies
Authors: Zhou Huajun , Mao Binchen , Guo Sheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Oncology drug efficacy is evaluated in mouse models by continuously monitoring tumor volumes, which can be mathematically described by growth kinetic models. Although past studies have investigated various growth models, their reliance on small datasets raises concerns about whether their findings are truly representative of tumor growth in diverse mouse models under different vehicle or drug treatments. In this study, we systematically evaluated six parametric models (exponential, exponential quadratic, monomolecular, logistic, Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy) and the semiparametric generalized additive model (GAM) on fitting tumor volume data from more than 30,000 mice in 930 experiments conducted in patient-derived xenografts, cell line–derived xenografts, and syngeneic models. We found that the exponential quadratic model is the best parametric model and can adequately model 87% studies, higher than other models including von Bertalanffy (82%) and Gompertz (80%) models; the latter is often considered the standard growth model. At the mouse group level, 7.5% of growth data could not be fit by any parametric model and were fitted by GAM. We show that endpoint gain integrated in time, a GAM-derived efficacy metric, is equivalent to exponential growth rate, a metric we previously proposed and conveniently calculated by simple algebra. Using five studies on paclitaxel, anti-PD1 antibody, cetuximab, irinotecan, and sorafenib, we showed that exponential and exponential quadratic models achieve similar performance in uncovering drug mechanism and biomarkers. We also compared exponential growth rate–based association analysis and exponential modeling approach in biomarker discovery and found that they complement each other. Modeling methods herein are implemented in an open-source R package freely available at https://github.com/hjzhou988/TuGroMix.

Significance:
We present a general strategy for mathematically modeling tumor growth in mouse models using data from 30,000 mice and show that modeling and nonmodeling approaches are complementary in biomarker discovery and drug mechanism studies.
Contemporary Outcomes and Trends for the Transseptal Mitral Valve-in-Valve Procedure Using Balloon Expandable Transcatheter Valves in the United States
Authors: Goel Kashish , Makkar Raj , Krishnaswamy Amar , Kapadia Samir R. , Kodali Susheel K. , Shah Ashish , Barker Colin M. , Xu Ke , Dhoble Abhijeet , Yadav Pradeep , Rihal Charanjit S. , Abbas Amr E. , Guerrero Mayra , Whisenant Brian K. 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Previous transcatheter valve therapy registry analyses of transcatheter mitral valve in valve (MViV) replacement of degenerated bioprosthesis reported early experience in the United States. Given recent increases in transseptal MViV volumes and introduction of the SAPIEN 3 Ultra valve, it is important to determine contemporary outcomes for patients undergoing transseptal SAPIEN 3/SAPIEN 3 Ultra MViV replacement.

METHODS:
The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry was used to extract data for all patients undergoing transseptal SAPIEN 3/SAPIEN 3 Ultra MViV from 2015 to September 2022. Primary efficacy outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality. Secondary end points included 30-day mortality, functional class, quality of life, and mitral valve performance. Primary safety outcomes were device success and in-hospital complications.

RESULTS:

A total of 4243 patients with a mean±SD STS score of 9.2±7.7 underwent transseptal MViV at 455 sites. The rate of Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium technical (96.6%) success was high, and procedural complications were low. All-cause in-hospital, 30-day, and 1-year mortality rates were 3.2%, 4.3%, and 13.4%, respectively. Significant improvements in New York Heart Association class (New York Heart Association I/II, 18% to 87%) and quality of life (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score, 38 to 78) were noted at 1 year (
P
<0.0001 for both) after MViV. Upon stratifying by STS scores, it was observed that the low-risk group (STS<4) had a significantly lower in-hospital mortality rate of 0.4%, whereas the intermediate-risk group (STS, 4–8) had an in-hospital mortality rate of 1.9%. From 2015 to 2022, the number of transseptal MViV cases/year increased significantly, whereas procedure times, length of stay, and intensive care unit hours shortened significantly. At the same time, there was a significant trend toward reduced in-hospital (
P
=0.0005), 30-day (
P
=0.004), and 1-year mortality rates (
P
=0.01).

CONCLUSIONS:
This multicenter, prospective study reports excellent procedural outcomes, acceptable 1-year mortality rates, and a significant improvement in quality of life for patients undergoing transseptal MViV in the contemporary era. Patients in the low-risk and intermediate-risk STS score categories had significantly better outcomes compared with those in the high-risk category. MViV is a reasonable therapy for the majority of patients with degenerated bioprosthetic mitral valves, who are anatomical candidates.
Impact of Carotid Siphon Calcification on the Course and Outcome of Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Engel Adrian , Song Li , Rauschenbach Laurèl , Gümüs Meltem , Santos Alejandro N. , Dinger Thiemo Florin , Darkwah Oppong Marvin , Li Yan , Gembruch Oliver , Ahmadipour Yahya , Dammann Philipp , Sure Ulrich , Jabbarli Ramazan 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Carotid siphon calcification (CSC) serves as a marker of atherosclerosis and therefore may influence the outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). We aimed to analyze the impact of CSC on neurological outcomes, ischemia, and vasospasm.

METHODS:
A total of 716 patients with aSAH were treated between December 2004 and June 2016 in our central European tertiary neurovascular care center in Essen, Germany. CSC was recorded using the Woodcock scale (grades 0–3) on a computed tomography scan. Study end points included an unfavorable outcome at 6 months post-aSAH (modified Rankin Scale score ≥4), vasospasm, and early cerebral ischemia (72 hours) and delayed cerebral ischemia (delayed cerebral ischemia; >72 hours) in the follow-up computed tomography scans. The associations were adjusted for patients’ baseline characteristics and secondary complications. Finally, within a subgroup analysis, patients with and without daily aspirin intake after endovascular aneurysm occlusion were compared.

RESULTS:

Increasing grades of CSC were associated with lower rates of vasospasm in the anterior circulation. Severe CSC (grade 3) was independently related to the risk of an unfavorable outcome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.06 [95% CI, 1.98–8.33];
P
<0.001) and early cerebral ischemia (aOR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.03–2.43];
P
=0.035) but not delayed cerebral ischemia (aOR, 1.08 [95% CI, 0.67–1.73];
P
=0.763). In the aspirin subgroup analysis, the negative effect of severe CSC on functional outcome remained significant only in aSAH cases without aspirin (aOR, 5.47 [95% CI, 2.38–12.54];
P
<0.001). In contrast, there was no association between severe CSC and unfavorable outcomes among individuals with daily aspirin intake (aOR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.59–4.21];
P
=0.603).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our data suggest CSC as a cerebrovascular risk factor resulting in higher rates of early cerebral ischemia and unfavorable outcomes after aSAH. However, by increasing arterial stiffness, CSC might lower the probability of vasospasm, which could explain the missing link between CSC and delayed cerebral ischemia. Additionally, aspirin intake seems to potentially mitigate the negative impact of CSC on aSAH outcome. Further investigations are needed to confirm the observations from the present study.
Using Machine Learning Methods to Assess Module Performance Contribution in Modular Optimization Frameworks
Authors: Kostovska Ana , Vermetten Diederick , Korošec Peter , Džeroski Sašo , Doerr Carola , Eftimov Tome 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Modular algorithm frameworks not only allow for combinations never tested in manually selected algorithm portfolios, but they also provide a structured approach to assess which algorithmic ideas are crucial for the observed performance of algorithms. In this study, we propose a methodology for analyzing the impact of the different modules on the overall performance. We consider modular frameworks for two widely used families of derivative-free, black-box optimization algorithms, the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES) and differential evolution (DE). More specifically, we use performance data of 324 modCMA-ES and 576 modDE algorithm variants (with each variant corresponding to a specific configuration of modules) obtained on the 24 BBOB problems for six different runtime budgets in two dimensions. Our analysis of these data reveals that the impact of individual modules on overall algorithm performance varies significantly. Notably, among the examined modules, the elitism module in CMA-ES and the linear population size reduction module in DE exhibit the most significant impact on performance. Furthermore, our exploratory data analysis of problem landscape data suggests that the most relevant landscape features remain consistent regardless of the configuration of individual modules, but the influence that these features have on regression accuracy varies. In addition, we apply classifiers that exploit feature importance with respect to the trained models for performance prediction and performance data, to predict the modular configurations of CMA-ES and DE algorithm variants. The results show that the predicted configurations do not exhibit a statistically significant difference in performance compared to the true configurations, with the percentage varying depending on the setup (from 49.1% to 95.5% for modCMA and 21.7% to 77.1% for DE).
Islamic Law, Oil Wealth, and the Modern State in the Gulf: The Scope of the Sharia in Twentieth-Century Qatar
Authors: Caeiro Alexandre 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
How can one write the modern legal history of the Gulf states without projecting onto the past the contemporary hegemony of the modern nation-state? What narratives other than secularization stories might be told? And what archives are available to us to facilitate such an endeavor? This paper addresses these questions with reference to Qatar, where a powerful sharia judiciary developed under the British Protectorate maintained its autonomy until the 1990s. The publications of the Presidency of Sharia Courts (est. 1958) and the work of its long-time president, Shaykh ʿAbdallāh b. Zayd Āl Maḥmūd (1911–97), suggest that oil wealth, modern state bureaucracy, and the British legal order expanded – rather than curtailed – the scope of sharia law in Qatar in the course of the twentieth century. Sharia scholars and institutions reinforced the rule of law, contributed to minimizing the role of customary norms in society, replaced commercial courts and alternative modes of dispute resolution, and helped establish an autonomous legal sphere separate from political power.