bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Nanotubes Decorated with CoP Nanocrystals: A Highly Active Non‐Noble‐Metal Nanohybrid Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution.
Authors: Liu Qian , Tian Jingqi , Cui Wei , Jiang Ping , Cheng Ningyan , Asiri Abdullah M. , Sun Xuping 
Published: September 2014

AbstractCarbon nanotubes decorated with CoP nanocrystals are prepared by calcination of a mixture of Co3O4/carbon nanotubes (hydrothermally obtained from carbon nanotubes, Co(OAc)2, and NH4OH dissolved in EtOH/H2O in an autoclave at 150 °C for 3 h) and NaH2PO2 at 300 °C for 2 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Expansion of the Rich Structures and Magnetic Properties of Neptunium Selenites: Soft Ferromagnetism in Np(SeO3)2.
Authors: Diefenbach Kariem , Lin Jian , Cross Justin N. , Dalal Naresh S. , Shatruk Michael , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe reaction of NpO2, SeO2, Pb(NO3)2 in the molar ratio of 1:4:1 under mild hydrothermal conditions (autoclave, 200 °C, 3 d) yields NpIV(SeO3)2 (I) besides NpVIO2(SeO3) (II) as minor product.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Tartrate‐Derived Guanidine‐Catalyzed Highly Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Michael Addition of 3‐Substituted Oxindoles to Nitroolefins
Authors: Zou Liwei , Bao Xiaoze , Ma Yuanyuan , Song Yuming , Qu Jingping , Wang Baomin 
Published: September 2014

Abstract30 examples
ChemInform Abstract: An Unexpected Lewis Acids‐Catalyzed Tandem Ring‐Opening Rearrangement of Vinylcyclopropane Ketone with Aryl Aldehyde.
Authors: Ren Jun , Bai Yu , Tao Weijie , Wang Zhongwen 
Published: September 2014

AbstractNitrobenzaldehyde, 2‐furaldehyde, and aliphatic aldehydes do not give the corresponding products.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Oxidative Reactions of Propargylic Carbonates Involving 1,2‐Carbonate Migration: Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Alkenes.
Authors: Sun Ning , Chen Ming , Liu Yuanhong 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe reaction provides an efficient access to α‐functionalized‐α,β‐unsaturated ketones with excellent stereocontrol via regioselective attack of the N‐oxide to the activated alkyne followed by 1,2‐carbonate migration.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,n‐Rearrangement of Allylic Alcohols Promoted by Hot Water: Application to the Synthesis of Navenone B, a Polyene Natural Product.
Authors: Li Pei‐Fang , Wang Heng‐Lu , Qu Jin 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe 1,n‐rearrangement of acyclic and cyclic allylic alcohols under aqueous conditions represents a novel method for the synthesis of various β,γ‐unsaturated alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Carbocyclization of 1,6‐Heptadienes Triggered by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Activation of an Olefinic C—H Bond.
Authors: Aissa Christophe , Ho Kelvin Y. T. , Tetlow Daniel J. , Pin‐No Maria 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe first example of a metal‐catalyzed functionalization of an olefinic C—H bond, i.
ChemInform Abstract: Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate (AlCl3·6H2O): An Efficient, Facile, Mild, and Highly Chemoselective Catalytic Deprotection of tert‐Butyldimethylsilyl (TBS) Ethers.
Authors: Gonzalez‐Calderon Davir , Benitez‐Puebla Luis J. , Gonzalez‐Gonzalez Carlos A. , Garcia‐Eleno Marco A. , Fuentes‐Benitez Aydee , Cuevas‐Yanez Erick , Corona‐Becerril David , Gonzalez‐Romero Carlos 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe reaction can be performed either under microwave irradiation or conventional heating whereas, slightly better results are achieved by heating the reaction mixture in methanol.
ChemInform Abstract: Photooxidative Cleavage of Aromatic Alkenes into Aldehydes Using Catalytic Iodine and Molecular Oxygen under Visible Light Irradiation.
Authors: Fujiya Akitoshi , Kariya Atsumasa , Nobuta Tomoya , Tada Norihiro , Miura Tsuyoshi , Itoh Akichika 
Published: September 2014

AbstractCleavage reaction proceeds well for arenes with electron‐donating substituents while arenes with electron‐withdrawing substituents gave poor yield or fail.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective ortho‐Carboxylation of Phenols Catalyzed by Benzoic Acid Decarboxylases: A Biocatalytic Equivalent to the Kolbe—Schmitt Reaction.
Authors: Wuensch Christiane , Gross Johannes , Steinkellner Georg , Lyskowski Andrzej , Gruber Karl , Glueck Silvia M. , Faber Kurt 
Published: September 2014

AbstractSeveral decarboxylases are tested for exclusively selective ortho‐carboxylation of phenols under ambient reaction conditions using bicarbonate as CO2 source.
ChemInform Abstract: Ethyl 2‐Cyano‐2‐(4‐nitrophenylsulfonyloxyimino)acetate‐Mediated Lossen Rearrangement: Single‐Pot Racemization‐Free Synthesis of Hydroxamic Acids and Ureas from Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Thalluri Kishore , Manne Srinivasa Rao , Dev Dharm , Mandal Bhubaneswar 
Published: September 2014

AbstractEthyl 2‐cyano‐2‐(4‐nitrophenylsulfonyloxyimino)acetate (ECN) is employed as a new coupling reagent for the preparation of hydroxamic acids and their subsequent Lossen rearrangement into the corresponding isocyanates.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold Nanoparticle Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheets with High Catalytic Activity for Ullmann Homocoupling.
Authors: Movahed Siyavash Kazemi , Fakharian Mahsa , Dabiri Minoo , Bazgir Ayoob 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAu nanoparticle‐reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite is found to be an efficient and reusable catalyst for the Ullmann homocoupling of aryl iodides.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Synthesis of Pseudoenantiomers for ABC‐Ring Moiety of Steroids.
Authors: Furuta Miyu , Hanaya Kengo , Sugai Takeshi , Shoji Mitsuru 
Published: September 2014

AbstractOne of the key steps in the synthesis of the ABC‐Ring moiety is the radical domino cyclization reaction of the precursor (I).
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Green Synthesis of Phthalide‐Fused Pyrazole and Pyrimidine Derivatives.
Authors: Motamedi Anahita , Sattari Elahe , Mirzaei Peiman , Armaghan Mahsa , Bazgir Ayoob 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe reaction of 2‐formylbenzoic acid with 6‐amino uracils, pyrazol‐5‐amine, and cyclic 1,3‐diketone derivatives in water results in the formation of phthalide fused pyrimidine, pyrazole, and cyclic 1,3‐dione derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized Octahydroindoles Related to Daphnyphyllum Alkaloids.
Authors: Dorich Stephane , Del Valle Juan R. , Hanessian Stephen 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA variety of octahydroindole compounds are prepared via key intermediate (IV), which is synthesized from racemic cyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐ol.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pharmacologically Active Bis(indolyl) and Tris(indolyl) Derivatives Using Chlorotrimethylsilane.
Authors: Singh Nongthombam G. , Kathing Chingrishon , Rani Jims W. S. , Nongkhlaw Rishan L. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTmsCl is demonstrated to be an efficient catalyst for the condensation of indoles with aldehydes or chalcone to yield bis(indolyl)methane derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Synthesis of 6H‐Isoindolo[2,1‐a]indol‐6‐ones and Indenoindolones: An Investigation of Pd‐Catalyzed Isocyanide Insertion.
Authors: Tang Ting , Jiang Xiao , Wang Jin‐Mei , Sun Yin‐Xing , Zhu Yong‐Ming 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPd‐catalyzed reaction of 2‐(o‐bromophenyl)‐indoles with isocyanides affords isoindoloindolones [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysis by Amberlyst A‐21: A Greener Approach to 4,5,6,7‐Tetrahydro‐1H‐indazol‐3(2H)‐ones via Construction of Cyclohexanones.
Authors: Rao Manam Sreenivasa , Haritha Meda , Kolli Sunder Kumar , Basaveswara Rao Mandava V. , Pal Manojit 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe title compounds (III) are obtained via a two‐step one‐pot synthesis involving the construction of the cyclohexanone ring from aromatic aldehydes and β‐ketoesters as initial step under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Atom‐Economic Synthesis of Functionalized Imidazolidines Through Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Domino Three‐Component Coupling and Cyclization Reactions.
Authors: Li Yufeng , Wu Zhengguang , Shi Jie , Bu Hongzhong , Gu Jiachao , Pan Yi 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTransformation of (I) with phenyl or trimethylsilylacetylene, respectively, leads to propargylamine intermediates instead of the desired imidazolidines.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzimidazoles in Water in the Presence of SiO2—OPO3H.
Authors: Mirjalili B. F. , Bamoniri A. , Rahimi Kazerouni M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractSilica‐bound phosphoric acid is used for the synthesis of benzimidazoles from o‐phenylenediamine and aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Green Procedure for Synthesis of Rhodanine Derivatives by Aldol‐Thia‐Michael Protocol Using Aqueous Diethylamine Medium.
Authors: Barakat Assem , Al‐Majid Abdullah M. , AL‐Najjar Hany J. , Mabkhot Yahia N. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Fun Hoong‐Kun 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA general procedure for the condensation of rhodanione (I) with aromatic aldehydes is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple, Efficient Thermally Promoted Protocol for Huisgen‐Click Reaction Catalyzed by CuSO4·5H2O in Water.
Authors: Jiang Yuqin , Kong Duanyang , Zhao Jinglin , Zhang Weiwei , Xu Wenjing , Li Wei , Xu Guiqing 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA one‐pot three‐component reaction between alkyl chlorides, sodium azide and terminal alkynes is also reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyranopyrazoles Using Magnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles as Efficient and Reusable Catalyst.
Authors: El‐Remaily M. Abd. El Aleem. Ali. Ali. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractPyranopyrazoles are prepared within a few minutes via a four‐component reaction of malononitrile, hydrazine hydrate, ethyl acetoacetate and carbonyl compounds in water as green solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐(2‐(4‐Chlorophenylimino)‐3‐ (4‐chlorophenyl)‐2,3‐dihydrothiazol‐4‐yl)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one via Multicomponent Approach.
Authors: Ramagiri Raj Kumar , Vedula Rajeswar Rao 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA one‐pot, three‐component method for the synthesis of the title compounds is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 3‐Amino‐7‐azaindoles under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Yang Hai‐Kui , You Wen‐Wei , Yan Guang‐Hua , Jiang Zhi‐Hong , Zhao Pei‐Liang , Zhou Zhong‐Zhen 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTitle compounds (III) are obtained in a microwave‐assisted Thorpe—Ziegler cyclization of carbamates (I) and various α‐bromoketones (II).
ChemInform Abstract: rac‐BINAP‐PdCl2 Catalyzed Heck Reactions of 3‐Formylquinolin‐2‐yl Chlorides with Methyl Acrylate: Synthesis of Methyl 3‐(3‐Formylquinolin‐2‐yl) Acrylates.
Authors: Sharma Neha , Asthana Mrityunjaya , Kumar Ritush , Mishra Kalpana , Singh Radhey M. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractUnder optimized conditions, the title process affords the coupling products in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Silver(I) Triflate‐Catalyzed Reaction of 1‐((Cyclopropylidenemethyl)‐2‐alkynyl)arene with 2‐Alkynylbenzaldoxime.
Authors: Sheng Jie , Fan Congbin , Ding Yechun , Fan Xiaona , Wu Jie 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe title reaction offers a facile route to afford dihydroisobenzofuran‐1‐yl‐substituted isoquinolines through a radical process.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective One‐Pot Synthesis of Novel ABCD‐Fused Chromeno[2,3‐d]pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridines.
Authors: Dimitriadou Eleni , Stephanidou‐Stephanatou Julia , Tsoleridis Constantinos A. , Hadjipavlou‐Litina Dimitra J. , Kontogiorgis Christos , Kostakis George E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTitle compounds (IV) (11 examples) are obtained via a diastereo‐ and regioselective three‐component, one‐pot reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and Efficient Synthesis of δ‐Sultones
Authors: Rad‐Moghadam Kurosh , Roudsari Saeedeh Toorchi , Sheykhan Mehdi 
Published: September 2014

Abstractvia self‐condensation of acetophenones catalyzed by methyl(sulfonyl)imidazolium triflate hydrochloride
ChemInform Abstract: Mild and Direct Access to 7‐Substituted‐4‐trifluoromethylpyrimido[1,2‐b]pyridazin‐2‐one Systems.
Authors: Petrignet Julien , Thiery Emilie , Silpa Laurence , Abarbri Mohamed 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAniline and diisopropylamine are found to be unreactive in the transformation with (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Optimization of Cyclic Sulfonamide Based Novel HIV‐1 Protease Inhibitors to Picomolar Affinities Guided by X‐Ray Crystallographic Analysis.
Authors: Ganguly Ashit K. , et al. et al. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractNovel cyclic sulfonamide‐based inhibitors of HIV‐1 protease are designed, synthesis and evaluated for their activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Guanidine NHC Complex and Its Application in Borylation Reactions.
Authors: Tai Chia‐Cheng , Yu Ming‐Shiuan , Chen Yi‐Lin , Chuang Wen‐Hang , Lin Ting‐Hua , Yap Glenn P. A. , Ong Tiow‐Gan 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe title catalyst is successfully applied to hydroboration, semihydroboration, and carboboration of alkynes with high stereo‐ and regioselectivity by using MeOH or H2O as hydrogen source.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Visible Light‐Mediated Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions of Tertiary Amines Catalyzed by a Polymer‐Immobilized Iridium‐Based Photocatalyst.
Authors: Yoo Woo‐Jin , Kobayashi Shu 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe polymer‐immobilized iridium‐based catalyst is synthesized by a previously reported method by using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and benzyl methacrylate and the Ir‐based monomer (IRC).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Derivatization of Highly‐Functionalized λ5‐Phospholes.
Authors: Ruiz Javier , Gonzalo Marta P. , Vivanco Marilin , Garcia‐Granda Santiago 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA variety of highly functionalized λ5‐phosphole derivatives are synthesized by regiospecific [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of diphosphinoketenimine (I) with electron‐poor alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Transformation of 7,14‐Dihydroxy‐ent‐kaurenes to Novel ent‐Abietanes Having cis‐Fused α‐Methylene γ‐Lactones under Mitsunobu Reaction Conditions and Their Cytotoxicities.
Authors: Aoyagi Yutaka , et al. et al. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractCytoxicity assays (murine P388 leukemia calls, MTT assay) show same activities of semi‐synthetic ent‐abietanes such as (II) and the natural ent‐kaurenes excisanin, rabdokunmin, kamebanin and kamebakaurin.
ChemInform Abstract: Topsendines A—F, New 3‐Alkylpyridine Alkaloids from a Hainan Sponge Topsentia sp.
Authors: Sun Ji‐Zheng , Jiang Cheng‐Shi , Chen Xue‐Qin , Chen Kao‐Shan , Zhen Xue‐Chu , van Soest Rob W. M. , Guo Yue‐Wei 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTopsendine A (Ia), B (Ib), C (IV), D (IIa), E (III) and F (IIb) as well as 2‐methyl‐12‐(pyridine‐3‐yl)dodecanal (IIc) are isolated and their structures are elucidated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐(4‐Isopropylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐7‐methoxy‐8‐methylquinolin‐4‐ol; a Quinoline Building Block for Simeprevir Synthesis.
Authors: Radl Stanislav , Rezkova Hana , Obadalova Iva , Srbek Jan , Brichac Jiri , Pekarek Tomas 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTwo different approaches to the title compound which is a building block of the drug candidate simeprevir with specific HCV protease inhibitory activity are described.
In Situ EPR Spectroscopy in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Stepchild or Ray of Hope?
Authors: Brückner Angelika 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIn diesem Übersichtsartikel wird das Potenzial der Elektronenspinresonanz‐Spektroskopie (ESR, electron paramagnetic resonance, EPR) als In‐situ‐Methode für Untersuchungen von Struktur‐Reaktivitäts‐Beziehungen in der heterogenen Katalyse analysiert. Nach einer kurzen Einführung zum Stand der Technik auf diesem Gebiet sowie in die theoretischen Grundlagen der Methode werden typische Anwendungsmöglichkeiten anhand von drei praktischen Beispielen illustriert. Am Schluss steht eine kritische Bewertung von Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Methode in der heterogenen Katalyse.
Efficiency of Carbohydrate Additives on the Stability of Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP): HRP‐Catalyzed Removal of Phenol and Malachite Green Decolorization from Wastewater
Authors: Kalaiarasan Ellappan , Palvannan Thayumanavan 
Published: September 2014

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to develop a cost effective stabilized horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for removal of phenol and decolorization of malachite green from synthetic wastewater. As revealed by enzyme stabilization assays, guar gum and galactose improved the stability of HRP successfully in solution state as compared as other additives such as pectin, carrageenan, or starch, respectively. In order to enhance the stability of HRP, combination of galactose and guar gum were effectively optimized together along with pH by constructing an appropriate response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM results suggest 18.25% of galactose and 0.35% of guar gum for maximum stabilization of HRP at 60°C, pH 7.4. In this study, optimization of removal of phenol and decolorization of malachite green using stabilized HRP was successfully carried out. Various process parameters such as aqueous phase of pH (7.4), concentration of enzyme (1.8 U/mL), phenol concentration (0.1 mM), and reaction time of 180 min were optimized effectively to achieve maximum removal of phenol from synthetic waste water. Dye decolorization studies indicated that stabilized HRP (1.2 U/mL) required lower concentration than the native enzyme (2 U/mL) to obtain similar decolorization efficiency. In addition, stabilized enzyme successfully decolorized the dye at 60°C, pH 7.2.
Synthesis of a Carbon Molecular Sieve from Broom Corn Stalk via Carbon Deposition of Methane for the Selective Separation of a CO2/CH4 Mixture
Authors: Banisheykholeslami Fatemeh , Ghoreyshi Ali Asghar , Mohammadi Maedeh , Pirzadeh Kasra 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA carbon molecular sieve (CMS) was prepared from broom corn stalk as a low cost precursor by carbon vapor deposition of methane. The base activated carbon (AC) was produced from the broom corn stalk using ZnCl2 as the chemical activating agent. To produce the CMS, the pore structure of the AC prepared at the optimized condition was modified by chemical vapor deposition of methane. The CO2 and CH4 adsorption capacity of the developed CMS and the base AC was experimentally measured using the volumetric technique in the temperature range of 288–308 K and a pressure range of 1–40 bar. Experimental data revealed a better CO2/CH4 separation selectivity for the CMS compared to the AC. The results demonstrated the successful deposition of carbon on the AC during chemical vapor deposition of methane, where the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area decreased from 1121 to 815 m2 g−1 and the micropores showed a reduced volume from 0.57 to 0.30 cm3 g−1. The enhancement of ideal selectivity from 3.5 for the base AC to 26.0 for the CMS was attributed to the molecular sieving effect due to the reduction of the average pore diameter from 2.02 to 1.47 nm. The evaluation of the isosteric heat of adsorption demonstrated the exothermic nature of the gas adsorption onto the synthesized CMS.
Drug Screening Boosted by Hyperpolarized Long‐Lived States in NMR
Authors: Buratto Roberto , Bornet Aurélien , Milani Jonas , Mammoli Daniele , Vuichoud Basile , Salvi Nicola , Singh Maninder , Laguerre Aurélien , Passemard Solène , Gerber‐Lemaire Sandrine , Jannin Sami , Bodenhausen Geoffrey 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTransverse and longitudinal relaxation times (T1ρ and T1) have been widely exploited in NMR to probe the binding of ligands and putative drugs to target proteins. We have shown recently that long‐lived states (LLS) can be more sensitive to ligand binding. LLS can be excited if the ligand comprises at least two coupled spins. Herein we broaden the scope of ligand screening by LLS to arbitrary ligands by covalent attachment of a functional group, which comprises a pair of coupled protons that are isolated from neighboring magnetic nuclei. The resulting functionalized ligands have longitudinal relaxation times T1(1H) that are sufficiently long to allow the powerful combination of LLS with dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D‐DNP). Hyperpolarized weak “spy ligands” can be displaced by high‐affinity competitors. Hyperpolarized LLS allow one to decrease both protein and ligand concentrations to micromolar levels and to significantly increase sample throughput.
Dying in cancer centers: Do the circumstances allow for a dignified death?
Authors: Jors Karin , Adami Sandra , Xander Carola , Meffert Cornelia , Gaertner Jan , Bardenheuer Hubert , Buchheidt Dieter , Mayer‐Steinacker Regine , Viehrig Marén , George Wolfang , Becker Gerhild 
Published: September 2014

BACKGROUNDPrior research has shown that hospitals are often ill‐prepared to provide care for dying patients. This study assessed whether the circumstances for dying on cancer center wards allow for a dignified death.METHODSIn this cross‐sectional study, the authors surveyed physicians and nurses in 16 hospitals belonging to 10 cancer centers in Baden‐Wuerttemberg, Germany. A revised questionnaire from a previous study was used, addressing the following topics regarding end‐of‐life care: structural conditions (ie, rooms, staff), education/training, working environment, family/caregivers, medical treatment, communication with patients, and dignified death.RESULTSIn total, 1131 surveys (response rate = 50%) were returned. Half of the participants indicated that they rarely have enough time to care for dying patients, and 55% found the rooms available for dying patients unsatisfactory. Only 19% of respondents felt that they had been well‐prepared to care for the dying (physicians = 6%). Palliative care staff reported much better conditions for the dying than staff from other wards (95% of palliative care staff indicated that patients die in dignity on their ward). Generally, physicians perceived the circumstances much more positively than nurses, especially regarding communication and life‐prolonging measures. Overall, 57% of respondents believed that patients could die with dignity on their ward.CONCLUSIONSOnly about half of the respondents perceived that a dignified death is possible on their ward. We recommend that cancer centers invest more in staffing, adequate rooms for dying patients, training in end‐of‐life care, advance‐care planning standards, and the early integration of specialist palliative care services. Cancer 2014;120:3254–3260. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Quantitative analysis of afferents expressing substance P, calcitonin gene‐related peptide, isolectin B4, neurofilament 200, and Peripherin in the sensory root of the rat trigeminal ganglion
Authors: Bae Jin Young , Kim Jae Hyun , Cho Yi Sul , Mah Won , Bae Yong Chul 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACTSubstance P (SP), calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), and isolectin B4 (IB4) are widely used as markers for peripheral neurons with unmyelinated fibers, whereas neurofilament 200 (NF200), and Peripherin are used as markers for neurons with myelinated fibers, and with unmyelinated or small‐caliber fibers, respectively. To study the selectivity of these markers for specific neuronal types, we analyzed their expression in neurons in the rat trigeminal ganglion by light‐ and electron‐microscopic immunocytochemistry. Most SP‐immunopositive (+), CGRP+, and IB4+ fibers were unmyelinated, but a small fraction (∼5%) were small myelinated fibers (<20 µm2 in cross‐sectional area, equivalent to <5 µm in diameter, Aδ fiber). Similarly, whereas the majority of NF200+ fibers were myelinated, a large fraction (23.9%) were unmyelinated, and whereas the majority of Peripherin+ fibers were unmyelinated and small myelinated, a significant fraction (15.5%) were large myelinated (>20 µm2 in cross‐sectional area, equivalent to >5 µm in diameter, Aβ fiber). Our findings confirm that SP, CGRP, and IB4 can be used as reliable markers for neurons with unmyelinated fibers, and question the suitability of NF200 as a marker for neurons with myelinated fibers, and of Peripherin as a marker for neurons with unmyelinated, or fine‐caliber fibers. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:126–138, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.