bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variations in the stimulus salience of cocaine reward influences drug‐associated contextual memory
Authors: Liddie Shervin , Itzhak Yossef 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDrugs of abuse act as reinforcers because they influence learning and memory processes resulting in long‐term memory of drug reward. We have previously shown that mice conditioned by fixed daily dose of cocaine (Fix‐C) or daily escalating doses of cocaine (Esc‐C) resulted in short‐ and long‐term persistence of drug memory, respectively, suggesting different mechanisms in acquisition of cocaine memory. The present study was undertaken to investigate the differential contribution of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits in the formation of Fix‐C and Esc‐C memory in C57BL/6J mice. Training by Esc‐C resulted in marked elevation in hippocampal expression of Grin2b mRNA and NR2B protein levels compared with training by Fix‐C. The NR2B‐containing NMDAR antagonist ifenprodil had similar attenuating effects on acquisition and reconsolidation of Fix‐C and Esc‐C memory. However, the NMDAR antagonist MK‐801 had differential effects: (1) higher doses of MK‐801 were required for post‐retrieval disruption of reconsolidation of Esc‐C memory than Fix‐C memory; and (2) pre‐retrieval MK‐801 inhibited extinction of Fix‐C memory but it had no effect on Esc‐C memory. In addition, blockade of NMDAR downstream signaling pathways also showed differential regulation of Fix‐C and Esc‐C memory. Inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase attenuated acquisition and disrupted reconsolidation of Fix‐C but not Esc‐C memory. In contrast, the mitogen‐activating extracellular kinase inhibitor SL327 attenuated reconsolidation of Esc‐C but not Fix‐C memory. These results suggest that NMDAR downstream signaling molecules associated with consolidation and reconsolidation of cocaine‐associated memory may vary upon changes in the salience of cocaine reward during conditioning.
Antenatal management of at‐risk pregnancies from a distance
Authors: Ivey Tesa L. , Hughes Dawn , Dajani Nafisa K. , Magann Everett F. 
Published: October 2014

This study was undertaken to determine whether antenatal care can be achieved in women with at‐risk pregnancies residing in rural areas with limited access to antenatal care and maternal fetal medicine (MFM) specialists. Over a period of 15 months, 156 women with high‐risk pregnancies (diabetes, hypertensive disorders, suspected fetal anomalies, prior caesarean complications) from six different healthcare units had 350 visits managed by telemedicine.
Long‐term outcomes of early gastric cancer diagnosed as mixed adenocarcinoma after endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Han Jae Pil , Hong Su Jin , Kim Hee Kyung 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackground and AimsThe clinical significance and prognosis of mixed adenocarcinoma in early gastric cancer (EGC) are incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics and long‐term outcomes of mixed adenocarcinoma diagnosed as EGC after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).MethodsThere were 430 EGCs histologically proven by ESD in 395 patients. The clinicopathological characteristics and long‐term outcomes, including the rates of local recurrence, were evaluated according to histological type in EGC treated with ESD.ResultsIn total, 430 EGCs were classified as 362 (84.4%) tubular adenocarcinomas, 41 (9.5%) poorly cohesive carcinomas (PCCs), 26 (6.0%) mixed adenocarcinomas, and 1 (0.2%) papillary adenocarcinoma according to the World Health Organization classification. Although the en bloc resection rate was acceptable (92.3%) for mixed adenocarcinoma, the complete resection rate was lower (53.8%) than those in other types (P < 0.01). Local recurrence occurred in 5 (19.2%) of 26 mixed adenocarcinomas after ESD. In a multivariate analysis, mixed adenocarcinoma was an independent risk factor predicting local recurrence after ESD for EGC (hazard ratio, 7.039; P < 0.01).ConclusionMixed adenocarcinoma is more aggressive than other histological types of EGC based on clinical outcomes. Moreover, it is an independent prognostic factor for local recurrence after ESD for EGC.
A proposed method to reconstruct the three‐dimensional dispersion profile of polymeric fibres based on variable wavelength interferometry
Authors: HAMZA A.A. , SOKKAR T.Z.N. , EL‐FARAHATY K.A. , RASLAN M.I. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryIn this paper, we suggest a modification to the conventional variable wavelength interferometry. This modification allowed us to calculate the dispersion curve of each point inside polymeric fibres instead of calculating the mean dispersion of these fibres. This modified mathematical treatment was used to calculate the three‐dimensional dispersion profile of isotactic polypropylene fibres suffering from necking deformation. The different steps of calculating the three‐dimensional dispersion profile of the fibre were demonstrated. The application of this modified method revealed the variation of the fibre material dispersion before, inside and after the necking region. In addition, the birefringence profile of the necked isotactic polypropylene was determined using the proposed mathematical treatment. This allowed us to diagnose the interaction of the incident waves with necked polypropylene fibres, which gives extensive information on the orientation of the molecular chains during the formation of the necking phenomenon.
Drought‐induced xylem cavitation and hydraulic deterioration: risk factors for urban trees under climate change?
Authors: Savi Tadeja , Bertuzzi Stefano , Branca Salvatore , Tretiach Mauro , Nardini Andrea 
Published: October 2014

Summary

Urban trees help towns to cope with climate warming by cooling both air and surfaces. The challenges imposed by the urban environment, with special reference to low water availability due to the presence of extensive pavements, result in high rates of mortality of street trees, that can be increased by climatic extremes.

We investigated the water relations and xylem hydraulic safety/efficiency of Quercus ilex trees growing at urban sites with different percentages of surrounding impervious pavements. Seasonal changes of plant water potential and gas exchange, vulnerability to cavitation and embolism level, and morpho‐anatomical traits were measured.

We found patterns of increasing water stress and vulnerability to drought at increasing percentages of impervious pavement cover, with a consequent reduction in gas exchange rates, decreased safety margins toward embolism development, and increased vulnerability to cavitation, suggesting the occurrence of stress‐induced hydraulic deterioration.

The amount of impermeable surface and chronic exposure to water stress influence the site‐specific risk of drought‐induced dieback of urban trees under extreme drought. Besides providing directions for management of green spaces in towns, our data suggest that xylem hydraulics is key to a full understanding of the responses of urban trees to global change.
Human Cytomegalovirus-Encoded pUL7 Is a Novel CEACAM1-Like Molecule Responsible for Promotion of Angiogenesis
Authors: MacManiman Jason D. , Meuser Andrew , Botto Sara , Smith Patricia P. , Liu Fenyong , Jarvis Michael A. , Nelson Jay A. , Caposio Patrizia 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACT
Persistent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection has been linked to several diseases, including atherosclerosis, transplant vascular sclerosis (TVS), restenosis, and glioblastoma. We have previously shown that factors secreted from HCMV-infected cells induce angiogenesis and that this process is due, at least in part, to increased secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6). In order to identify the HCMV gene(s) responsible for angiogenesis promotion, we constructed a large panel of replication-competent HCMV recombinants. One HCMV recombinant deleted for UL1 to UL10 was unable to induce secretion of factors necessary for angiogenesis. Fine mapping using additional HCMV recombinants identified UL7 as a viral gene required for production of angiogenic factors from HCMV-infected cells. Transient expression of pUL7 induced phosphorylation of STAT3 and ERK1/2 MAP kinases and production of proangiogenic factors, including IL-6. Addition of recombinant pUL7 to cells was sufficient for angiogenesis and was again associated with increased IL-6 expression. Analysis of the UL7 structure revealed a conserved domain similar to the immunoglobulin superfamily domain and related to the N-terminal V-like domain of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1). Our report therefore identifies UL7 as a novel HCMV-encoded molecule that is both structurally and functionally related to cellular CEACAM1, a proangiogenic factor highly expressed during vasculogenesis.

IMPORTANCE
A hallmark of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is its ability to modulate the host cellular machinery, resulting in the secretion of factors associated with long-term diseases such as vascular disorders and cancer. We previously demonstrated that HCMV infection alters the types and quantities of bioactive proteins released from cells (designated the HCMV secretome) that are involved in the promotion of angiogenesis and wound healing. A key proangiogenic and antiapoptotic factor identified from a proteomic-based approach was IL-6. In the present report, we show for the first time that HCMV UL7 encodes a soluble molecule that is a structural and functional homologue of the CEACAM1 proangiogenic cellular factor. This report thereby identifies a critical component of the HCMV secretome that may be responsible, at least in part, for the vascular dysregulation associated with persistent HCMV infection.
VA OpenNotes: exploring the experiences of early patient adopters with access to clinical notes
Authors: Nazi Kim M , Turvey Carolyn L , Klein Dawn M , Hogan Timothy P , Woods Susan S 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Objective To explore the experience of early patient adopters who accessed their clinical notes online using the Blue Button feature of the My HealtheVet portal.
Methods A web-based survey of VA patient portal users from June 22 to September 15, 2013.
Results 33.5% of respondents knew that clinical notes could be viewed, and nearly one in four (23.5%) said that they had viewed their notes at least once. The majority of VA Notes users agreed that accessing their notes will help them to do a better job of taking medications as prescribed (80.1%) and be better prepared for clinic visits (88.6%). Nine out of 10 users agreed that use of visit notes will help them understand their conditions better (91.8%), and better remember the plan for their care (91.9%). In contrast, 87% disagreed that VA Notes will make them worry more, and 88.4% disagreed that access to VA Notes will be more confusing than helpful. Users who had either contacted their provider or healthcare team (11.9%) or planned to (13.5%) primarily wanted to learn more about a health issue, medication, or test results (53.7%).
Conclusions Initial assessment of the patient experience within the first 9 months of availability provides evidence that patients both value and benefit from online access to clinical notes. These findings are congruent with OpenNotes study findings on a broader scale. Additional outreach and education is needed to enhance patient awareness. Healthcare professionals should author notes keeping in mind the opportunity patient access presents for enhanced communication.
Large time behavior of averaged kinetic models on networks
Authors: Herty Michael , Ringhofer Christian 
Published: October 2014

We are interested in flows on general networks and derive a kinetic equation describing general production, social or transportation networks. Corresponding macroscopic transport equations for large time and homogenized behavior are obtained and studied numerically. This work continues a recent discussion [Averaged kinetic models for flows on unstructured networks, Kinetic Related Models 4 (2011) 1081–1096] and provides additionally explicit equilibrium solutions, second-order macroscopic approximations as well as numerical simulations on a large scale homogenized network.
Abstract Domains of Affine Relations
Authors: Elder Matt , Lim Junghee , Sharma Tushar , Andersen Tycho , Reps Thomas 
Published: October 2014

This article considers some known abstract domains for affine-relation analysis (ARA), along with several variants, and studies how they relate to each other. The various domains represent sets of points that satisfy affine relations over variables that hold machine integers and are based on an extension of linear algebra to modules over a ring (in particular, arithmetic performed modulo 2

w

, for some machine-integer width
w
).

We show that the abstract domains of Müller-Olm/Seidl (MOS) and King/Søndergaard (KS) are, in general, incomparable. However, we give sound interconversion methods. In other words, we give an algorithm to convert a KS element
v
KS
to an overapproximating MOS element
v
MOS
—that is, γ (
v
KS
) ⊆ γ (
v
MOS
—as well as an algorithm to convert an MOS element
w
MOS
to an overapproximating KS element
w
KS
—that is, γ (
w
MOS
) ⊆ γ (
w
KS
).

The article provides insight on the range of options that one has for performing ARA in a program analyzer:
—We describe how to perform a greedy, operator-by-operator abstraction method to obtain KS abstract transformers.
—We also describe a more global approach to obtaining KS abstract transformers that considers the semantics of an entire instruction, basic block, or other loop-free program fragment.
The latter method can yield best abstract transformers, and hence can be more precise than the former method. However, the latter method is more expensive.
We also explain how to use the KS domain for interprocedural program analysis using a bit-precise concrete semantics, but without bit blasting.
Evaluation of Novel Imidazotetrazine Analogues Designed to Overcome Temozolomide Resistance and Glioblastoma Regrowth
Authors: Ramirez Yulian P. , Mladek Ann C. , Phillips Roger M. , Gynther Mikko , Rautio Jarkko , Ross Alonzo H. , Wheelhouse Richard T. , Sakaria Jann N. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The cellular responses to two new temozolomide (TMZ) analogues, DP68 and DP86, acting against glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines and primary culture models are reported. Dose–response analysis of cultured GBM cells revealed that DP68 is more potent than DP86 and TMZ and that DP68 was effective even in cell lines resistant to TMZ. On the basis of a serial neurosphere assay, DP68 inhibits repopulation of these cultures at low concentrations. The efficacy of these compounds was independent of MGMT and MMR functions. DP68-induced interstrand DNA cross-links were demonstrated with H2O2-treated cells. Furthermore, DP68 induced a distinct cell–cycle arrest with accumulation of cells in S phase that is not observed for TMZ. Consistent with this biologic response, DP68 induces a strong DNA damage response, including phosphorylation of ATM, Chk1 and Chk2 kinases, KAP1, and histone variant H2AX. Suppression of FANCD2 expression or ATR expression/kinase activity enhanced antiglioblastoma effects of DP68. Initial pharmacokinetic analysis revealed rapid elimination of these drugs from serum. Collectively, these data demonstrate that DP68 is a novel and potent antiglioblastoma compound that circumvents TMZ resistance, likely as a result of its independence from MGMT and mismatch repair and its capacity to cross-link strands of DNA. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(1); 111–9. ©2014 AACR.
Zdzieranie masek. Sposoby pisania o żydowskich komunistach
Authors: Zawadzka Anna 
Published: October 2014

Tearing Off the Masks: Narratives on Jewish CommunistsThe paper presents an analysis of the contemporary Polish debate on Jewish communists. The analysis was performed in the framework of colonialist theories. I deconstructed narrations about Jewish communists, which belong in the Polish political mainstream, and are regarded as moderate, objective and devoid of any ideology. The tropes shared by the colonialist discourse and the debate on Jewish communists are: orientalisation, eroticisation, infantilisation, presenting the object of research outside the historical context, abolishing the context of social and political inequalities, and declaring the victims guilty of the violence they experience. Zdzieranie masek. Sposoby pisania o żydowskich komunistachNiniejszy tekst jest próbą analizy współczesnego polskiego dyskursu o żydowskich komunistach za pomocą narzędzi wypracowanych przez badaczki i badaczy dyskursów kolonialnych. Dekonstruowane tutaj narracje o żydowskich komunistach przynależą do głównego nurtu polskiej sfery publicznej i postrzegane są w jego obrębie jako eksperckie, wyważone, niepodporządkowane żadnej ideologii. Tropami, które łączą dyskurs kolonialny i dyskurs o żydowskich komunistach, są między innymi: orientalizacja, erotyzacja, infantylizacja, prezentacja przedmiotu badań poza kontekstem historycznym, unieważnienie kontekstu politycznych i społecznych nierówności, wreszcie obarczenie opisywanych winą za przemoc, której doświadczają.
Niezapomniany rok 1942
Authors: Weinberg Ewa 
Published: October 2014

The unforgotten 1942 Ewa Weinberg relates her story of the deportations of Polish citizens to the USSR in the summer of 1940 and their life in 1942. After the Sikorski-Majski Pact had been signed and Anders‘s Army established, the deportees tried to leave Siberia for Samarkand, Uzbekistan. In Samarkand, it turned out that the category of citizenship is no more valid for the deportees: anti-Semitic acts were very common, but the persecutions were also applied to non-Roman Catholic Christians. Such behaviour was legitimate from the point of view of the majority and their model of society. When trying to get onto the train to Tehran, Weinberg’s friends and relatives (members of the Polish intelligentsia) heard a question: “You’re a nation of merchants and you do not even have a golden ring?”. In consequence, some of the cars left empty, having left stranded some Polish citizens categorised as gudłaje i kacapy (contemptuously: Jews and Russians). Niezapomniany rok 1942Świadectwo Ewy Weinberg dotyczy wywózki obywateli polskich do ZSRR latem 1940 roku i przeżyć roku 1942. Po zawarciu paktu Sikorski-Majski 31 lipca 1941 roku, na wieść o tworzeniu armii gen. Władysława Andersa deportowani przedostają się z Syberii do Samarkandy w Uzbekistanie (ZSRR). Na miejscu okazuje się, że we wspólnocie uchodźców nie obowiązuje kategoria obywatelstwa. Autorka opisuje praktyki antysemickie, a także dyskryminację chrześcijan innych niż rzymscy katolicy, jako zjawisko systemowe i prawomocne z punktu widzenia większościowego modelu kultury polskiej. Bliscy i znajomi autorki, inteligencja polska, przy próbie zajęcia miejsca w pociągu do Teheranu słyszą pytanie: „Taki naród handlowy, a nie ma bodaj obrączek?”. W efekcie część wagonów odjeżdża pusta, pozostawiając na pastwę klimatu, głodu, chorób i terroru stalinowskiego obywateli polskich zakwalifikowanych jako „gudłaje i kacapy”.
A randomized controlled trial to assess the psychosocial effects of early exercise engagement in patients diagnosed with transient ischaemic attack and mild, non-disabling stroke
Authors: Faulkner James , McGonigal Gerard , Woolley Brandon , Stoner Lee , Wong Laikin , Lambrick Danielle 
Published: October 2014

Objective: To examine the effect of an early exercise and education programme on psychosocial health of transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and mild, non-disabling stroke patients. Design: Randomized, parallel-group, clinical trial. Setting: Hospital and academic institution. Participants: A total of 55 newly diagnosed transient ischaemic attack/mild stroke patients (Mean[SD]; 69[11]y). Intervention: Participants were randomized to either an eight-week, twice weekly, 90-minute exercise and education programme (experimental group) or to a usual care control group. Main measures: Psychosocial measures (SF-36, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Profile of Mood States, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Stroke Awareness Questionnaire) were assessed at baseline and eight-week and 12-month follow-up. Results: The experimental group demonstrated improvements in the Physical Component Score (Mean[SD]; 44.1[11.7] to 47.4[11.3]%), Vitality (46.5[12.4] to 54.2[14.2]%), Physical Functioning (45.6[10.7] to 51.9[14.7]%), Role Physical (38.7[10.8] to 43.1[13.6]%) and Global Health (49.1[10.3] to 54.4[13.6]%) from the SF-36, at the eight-week follow-up assessment ( P < 0.05). There were no further changes in these measures between the eight-week and 12-month follow-up assessment ( P > 0.05). The experimental group demonstrated a greater awareness of the signs and symptoms associated with stroke ( P < 0.05). There were no differences in the Mental Component Score (SF-36), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale or the International Physical Activity Questionnaire between treatment groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: Early engagement in an exercise and education programme may improve physical health perceptions in transient ischaemic attack/mild stroke patients. However, secondary prevention exercise and education programmes warrant further research with regards to their effects on perceptions of mental health in this population group.
Development of Stable Liquid Glucagon Formulations for Use in Artificial Pancreas
Authors: Pohl Roderike , Li Ming , Krasner Alan , De Souza Errol 
Published: October 2014

Background: A promising approach to treat diabetes is the development of fully automated artificial/bionic pancreas systems that use both insulin and glucagon to maintain euglycemia. A physically and chemically stable liquid formulation of glucagon does not currently exist. Our goal is to develop a glucagon formulation that is stable as a clear and gel-free solution, free of fibrils and that has the requisite long-term shelf life for storage in the supply chain, short-term stability for at least 7 days at 37°C, and pump compatibility for use in a bihormonal pump. Methods: We report the development of two distinct families of stable liquid glucagon formulations which utilize surfactant or surfactant-like excipients (LMPC and DDM) to “immobilize” the glucagon in solution potentially through the formation of micelles and prevention of interaction between glucagon molecules. Results: Data are presented that demonstrate long-term physical and chemical stability (~2 years) at 5°C, short-term stability (up to 1 month) under accelerated 37°C testing conditions, pump compatibility for up to 9 days, and adequate glucose responses in dogs and diabetic swine. Conclusions: These stable glucagon formulations show utility and promise for further development in artificial pancreas systems.
Inhibition of FcγR-mediated phagocytosis by IVIg is independent of IgG-Fc sialylation and FcγRIIb in human macrophages
Authors: Nagelkerke Sietse Q. , Dekkers Gillian , Kustiawan Iwan , van de Bovenkamp Fleur S. , Geissler Judy , Plomp Rosina , Wuhrer Manfred , Vidarsson Gestur , Rispens Theo , van den Berg Timo K. , Kuijpers Taco W. 
Published: October 2014

Key PointsPhagocytosis of IgG-opsonized blood cells by human macrophages is inhibited by intravenous immunoglobulins. This inhibition is independent of IgG-Fc sialylation but improves with IgG preparations that bind FcγRs more avidly.