bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thinking about thinking
Authors: Martin Dick 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– Business strategists can easily become slaves to their inbox or to the passing enthusiasm of the times, their supervisors or outside influencers, ranging from social activists to securities analysts and investment bankers. This article seeks to put their work in historical context and to encourage them to engage in meta-cognition – a deep consideration of their role in helping to shape their business’s response to its current environment and challenges.

Design/methodology/approach
– The article reviews the history of modern business strategy and divides it into three major phases, centered on the theories and practices of three strategists: Frederick Taylor, Peter Drucker and Michael Porter. The author suggests that each of these strategists was addressing the key business questions of their time and influenced the thinking of others who built on – and in many cases improved on – their theories and models. He suggests that a business strategist’s thinking should build on the work of those who came before in responding to contemporary questions of importance to their firm.

Findings
– Business strategy is fundamentally an exercise in understanding and improving business performance and growth. It requires a depth of sophisticated thought that can be sharpened and focused through meta-cognition – thinking about thinking, i.e. a thoughtful consideration of what dominates our thinking and why.

Practical implications
– This article invites practicing strategists to find their own place on that arc.

Originality/value
– The article presents the history of business strategy as an arc of inquiry that has forward direction, moving inexorably outward, from time–motion studies on the shop floor, to the human beings who occupied it, and to the larger society in which they and the firm live. It invites practicing strategists to find their own place on that arc.
Fair value accounting and its usefulness to financial statement users
Authors: Palea Vera 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to discuss fair value accounting and its usefulness to financial statement users. The European Commission has recently endorsed IFRS 13 on fair value measurement and is considering the endorsement of IFRS 9, which extends the use of fair value for financial instruments. Furthermore, fair value accounting has been under deep scrutiny because of its alleged role in the financial crisis. Therefore, the usefulness of fair value accounting is a key issue for standard setting purposes.Design/Methodology/Approach– This paper delineates the theoretical background for fair value accounting, it provides empirical evidence on its usefulness, it highlights some controversial issues and makes some proposals for standard setting discussion.Findings– Empirical research raises some doubts on fair value reliability. Furthermore, fair value accounting alone cannot provide information useful to evaluate stewardship. Historical cost is also needed. A dual measurement and financial reporting system could therefore deliver more complete and useful information to financial statement users.Practical implications– This paper provides the reader with a comprehensive picture of the main issues related to fair value accounting and contributes to the standard setting debate on the optimal measurement system.Originality/value– This paper reframes the debate on historical versus fair value accounting by explaining the reason why a dual measurement and reporting model should be implemented.
Organizing local “green” entrepreneurship: a brand perspective
Authors: J. Willemsen Sven , van der Veen Gerrita 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to show how current insights on place branding are used to organize “green” entrepreneurship in the Dutch Utrechtse Heuvelrug region. The role of place is explored in establishing a differentiated meaning for green entrepreneurship and providing an inspirational source for innovations, resulting in a green economic value proposition designed and communicated through branding.Design/methodology/approach– From the literature, different perspectives on the role and function of the place were derived, which lead to the choice of an identity-based entrepreneurial brand. To define the regional identity, qualitative and quantitative research were conducted. In addition, co-creation sessions were organized to further develop the brand.Findings– Taking place branding as the starting point, a framework has been developed, introducing the regional identity as an open space, linking locally based sub-brands to enhance power. To deliver economical and social value in an area with no leading business to sustainability and well-developed business skills, cluster development has been introduced as a way to create new economic activity and sustainable impact.Practical implications– The strategy of separating stakeholders and position them as locally based brands enables place planners and marketers to manage place brand complexity, which generally delays the process, often limiting place branding to “logos and slogans”.Originality/value– This paper provides a case study, which offers new perspectives on the issue of managing complexity, which is inevitable in organizing a place brand.
Leeds and the Northern Arts Prize
Authors: Jones Brian , Beresford Shirley 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to look at the nature of the relationship between the marketing of the contemporary visual arts, cultural tourism and city and urban regeneration. This exploratory study of the marketing of the contemporary visual arts in Leeds has, as its background narrative, the emergence of BritArt.

Design/methodology/approach
– The growth of contemporary visual arts provides the context for a case study of the Northern Art Prize, which was first awarded in 2007.

Findings
– The study found a number of factors for success that can aid urban renewal and city regeneration. Private sector marketing expertise levered into the management of the project was one critical success factor. Another was that private sector funding freed up marketers and artists and allowed risk-taking. Participants highlighted a lack of vision for the contemporary visual arts in the city and region and a strong desire for new collaborative working and new governance structures for the delivery of arts marketing and cultural tourism.

Originality/value
– The Northern Art Prize offers much for the marketing of contemporary visual arts, cultural tourism, city branding and urban renewal. Investing in and marketing of the arts is argued to serve as a stimulus that can bring a range of benefits for the business and wider community. Marketing, especially arts marketing, can help deliver social, economic and urban regeneration.
Response of harmonic sources in couple stress thermoelastic medium with state space approach
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Kumar Krishan , Chandra Nautiyal Ravindra 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the two-dimensional problem in couple stress thermoelastic medium for a half space is established and state space approach has been applied to solve the problem.

Design/methodology/approach
– Normal mode analysis is used to obtain the exact expressions for normal stress, tangential stress and couple stress. Numerical calculation is prepared for these quantities and depicted graphically for a special model.

Findings
– The expressions for normal stress, tangential stress and couple stress are obtained numerically and depicted graphically to see the couple stress effect.

Originality/value
– It is found that couple stress effect decrease the value of normal stress components for circular frequency equal to 0.5 for small values of the wave number and then increases whereas the values of normal stress components decrease first and then increase monotonically for circular frequency equal to 0.1 when the force is applied in normal direction and the values of tangential stress components and couple stress components decrease for all values of wave number. But the values for normal stress components, tangential stress components and couple stress components increase when the force is applied in tangential direction.
Experimental verification of detection and prediction of multiple cracks by vibrations, FEM and ANN
Authors: Ramchandra Baviskar Prasad , B. Tungikar Vinod 
Published: October 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to address the determination of crack location and depth of multiple transverse cracks by monitoring natural frequency and its prediction using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). An alternative to the existing NDTs is suggested.

Design/methodology/approach
– Modal analysis is performed to extract the natural frequency. Analysis is performed for two cases of cracks. In first case, both cracks are perpendicular to axis. In second case, both cracks are inclined to vertical plane and also inclined with each other. Finite element method (FEM) is performed using ANSYSTM software which is theoretical basis. Experimentation is performed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analyzer on simply supported stepped rotor shaft and cantilever circular beam with two cracks each.

Findings
– The results of FEM and experimentation are validated and are in good agreement. The error in crack detection by FEM is in the range of 3-15 percent while 5-20 percent by experimentation. The database obtained by modal analysis is used to train the network of ANN which predicts crack characteristics. Validity of method is investigated by comparing the predictions of ANN with FEM and experimentation. The results are in good agreement with error of 7-16 percent between ANN and FEM while 9-21 percent between ANN and experimental analysis.

Originality/value
– It envisages that the method is capable. It is an effective as well as an alternate method of fault detection in beam/rotating element to the existing methods.
Relaxation and creep in twist and flexure
Authors: Kobelev V. 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to derive the exact analytical expressions for torsion and bending creep of rods with the Norton-Bailey, Garofalo and Naumenko-Altenbach-Gorash constitutive models. These simple constitutive models, for example, the time- and strain-hardening constitutive equations, were based on adaptations for time-varying stress of equally simple models for the secondary creep stage from constant load/stress uniaxial tests where minimum creep rate is constant. The analytical solution is studied for Norton-Bailey and Garofalo laws in uniaxial states of stress.Design/methodology/approach– The creep component of strain rate is defined by material-specific creep law. In this paper the authors adopt, following the common procedure Betten, an isotropic stress function. The paper derives the expressions for strain rate for uniaxial and shear stress states for the definite representations of stress function. First, in this paper the authors investigate the creep for the total deformation that remains constant in time.Findings– The exact analytical expressions giving the torque and bending moment as a function of the time were derived.Research limitations/implications– The material isotropy and homogeneity preimposed. The secondary creep phase is considered.Practical implications– The results of creep simulation are applied to practically important problem of engineering, namely for simulation of creep and relaxation of helical and disk springs.Originality/value– The new, closed form solutions with commonly accepted creep models allow a deeper understanding of such a constitutive model's effect on stress and deformation and the implications for high temperature design. The application of the original solutions allows accurate analytic description of creep and relaxation of practically important problems in mechanical engineering. Following the procedure the paper establishes closed form solutions for creep and relaxation in helical, leaf and disk springs.
Trading volume and return relationship in the crude oil futures markets
Authors: Abba Abdullahi Saada , Kouhy Reza , Muhammad Zahid 
Published: October 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between trading volume and returns in the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent crude oil futures markets. In so doing, the paper addresses two important issues. First, whether there is a positive relationship between returns and trading volume in the crude oil futures markets. Second, whether information regarding trading volume contributes to forecasting the magnitude of return in the markets, an important issue because the ability of trading volume to predict returns imply market inefficiency.Design/methodology/approach– The paper used daily closing futures price and their corresponding trading volumes for WTI and Brent crude oil markets during the sample period January 2008 to May 2011. Both the log volume and the unexpected component of the detrended volume are used in the analysis in other to have robust alternative conclusion. The generalized method of moments (GMM) approach is used to examine the contemporaneous relationship between returns and trading volume while the Granger causality approach, impulse response and variance decomposition analysis are used to investigate the ability of trading volume to predict returns in the oil futures markets.Findings– The results reject the postulation of a positive relationship between trading volume and returns, suggesting that trading volume and returns are not driven by the same information flow which contradicts the mixture of distribution hypothesis in all markets. The results also show that neither trading volume nor returns have the power to predict the other and therefore contradicting the sequential arrival hypothesis and noise trader model in all markets. Finally, the findings support the weak form efficient market hypothesis in the crude oil futures markets.Originality/value– The findings has important implications to market regulators because daily price movement and trading volume do not respond to the same information flow and therefore the measures that control price volatility should not focused more on volume; otherwise they may not provide fruitful outcomes. Additionally, traders and investors who participate in oil futures should not base their decisions on past trading volume because it will lead to profit loss. The results also have implications for market efficiency as past information cannot assist speculators to forecast returns in all the oil markets. Finally, investors can benefit from portfolio diversification across the two markets.
Scattered ground‐roll attenuation using model‐driven interferometry
Authors: Halliday David , Bilsby Phil , West Lee , Kragh Ed , Quigley John 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTScattered ground roll is a type of noise observed in land seismic data that can be particularly difficult to suppress. Typically, this type of noise cannot be removed using conventional velocity‐based filters. In this paper, we discuss a model‐driven form of seismic interferometry that allows suppression of scattered ground‐roll noise in land seismic data. The conventional cross‐correlate and stack interferometry approach results in scattered noise estimates between two receiver locations (i.e. as if one of the receivers had been replaced by a source). For noise suppression, this requires that each source we wish to attenuate the noise from is co‐located with a receiver. The model‐driven form differs, as the use of a simple model in place of one of the inputs for interferometry allows the scattered noise estimate to be made between a source and a receiver. This allows the method to be more flexible, as co‐location of sources and receivers is not required, and the method can be applied to data sets with a variety of different acquisition geometries. A simple plane‐wave model is used, allowing the method to remain relatively data driven, with weighting factors for the plane waves determined using a least‐squares solution. Using a number of both synthetic and real two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) land seismic data sets, we show that this model‐driven approach provides effective results, allowing suppression of scattered ground‐roll noise without having an adverse effect on the underlying signal.
Age and sex‐selective predation moderate the overall impact of predators
Authors: Hoy Sarah R. , Petty Steve J. , Millon Alexandre , Whitfield D. Philip , Marquiss Michael , Davison Martin , Lambin Xavier 
Published: October 2014

Summary

Currently, there is no general agreement about the extent to which predators impact prey population dynamics and it is often poorly predicted by predation rates and species abundances. This could, in part be caused by variation in the type of selective predation occurring. Notably, if predation is selective on categories of individuals that contribute little to future generations, it may moderate the impact of predation on prey population dynamics. However, despite its prevalence, selective predation has seldom been studied in this context.

Using recoveries of ringed tawny owls (Strix aluco) predated by ‘superpredators’, northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) as they colonized the area, we investigated the extent to which predation was sex and age‐selective. Predation of juvenile owls was disproportionately high. Amongst adults, predation was strongly biased towards females and predation risk appeared to increase with age. This implies age‐selective predation may shape the decline in survival with age, observed in tawny owls.

To determine whether selective predation can modulate the overall impact of predation, age‐based population matrix models were used to simulate the impact of five different patterns of age‐selective predation, including the pattern actually observed in the study site. The overall impact on owl population size varied by up to 50%, depending on the pattern of selective predation. The simulation of the observed pattern of predation had a relatively small impact on population size, close to the least harmful scenario, predation on juveniles only.

The actual changes in owl population size and structure observed during goshawk colonization were also analysed. Owl population size and immigration were unrelated to goshawk abundance. However, goshawk abundance appeared to interact with owl food availability to have a delayed effect on recruitment into the population.

This study provides strong evidence to suggest that predation of other predators is both age and sex‐selective and that selective predation of individuals with a low reproductive value may mitigate the overall impact of predators on prey population dynamics. Consequently, our results highlight how accounting for the type of selective predation occurring is likely to improve future predictions of the overall impact of predation.
Plant volatiles cause direct, induced and associational resistance in common bean to the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
Authors: Quintana‐Rodriguez Elizabeth , Morales‐Vargas Adan T. , Molina‐Torres Jorge , Ádame‐Alvarez Rosa M. , Acosta‐Gallegos Jorge A. , Heil Martin 
Published: October 2014

Summary

Plants that express resistance to herbivores emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can trigger resistance responses in undamaged neighbours. Recent reports indicate that VOCs can also trigger the resistance to pathogens, an effect that might be due to different mechanisms: the priming of an induced expression of resistance genes in the receiver or direct inhibitory effects on microbial pathogens that cause a passive ‘associational’ resistance in the VOC‐exposed plant.

We investigated whether VOCs emitted from a resistant common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivar enhance the resistance to the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in a susceptible cultivar and analysed whether specific VOCs are likely to directly affect the pathogen.

We found that susceptible plants exposed to the headspace of resistance‐expressing plants over 6 h became phenotypically as resistant as the resistant cultivar. Several resistance marker genes (PATHOGENESIS‐RELATED [PR] 1, 2 and 4) were primed in VOC‐exposed susceptible plants. After challenging, these genes reached expression levels at least as high as in the resistant cultivar. Additionally, individual VOCs such as limonene, linalool, nonanal, methyl salicylate and methyl jasmonate at natural concentrations directly inhibited the germination of conidia as did also the headspace of a resistance‐expressing plant. This inhibition of conidial germination was dosage‐dependent and irreversible.

Synthesis. We conclude that VOCs are involved in the resistance of bean to fungal pathogens. They can contribute to the direct resistance in the emitter itself, and resistance phenotypes of neighbouring receiver plants can result from induced as well as associational resistance. Plant VOCs play multiple roles in the resistance of plants to microbial pathogens.
The impact of poor sleep on cognition and activities of daily living after traumatic brain injury: A review
Authors: Duclos Catherine , Beauregard Marie‐Pascale , Bottari Carolina , Ouellet Marie‐Christine , Gosselin Nadia 
Published: October 2014

Background/aimPatients frequently report sleep disruptions or insomnia during their hospital stay, particularly after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). The consequences of these sleep disturbances on everyday activities are not well documented and are therefore not considered in the evaluation of independence in activities of daily living (ADLs). The goal of this narrative review is to explore the consequences of poor sleep quality on cognition and ADLs in the acute and subacute stages of a moderate and severe TBI, when patients are in acute care or inpatient rehabilitation.MethodsWe will present an overview of normal sleep and its role in cognitive functioning, and then present the findings of studies that have investigated sleep characteristics in hospital settings and the consequences of sleep disturbances on ADLs.ResultsDuring hospitalisation, TBI patients present severe sleep disturbances such as insomnia and sleep fragmentation, which are probably influenced by both the medical condition and the hospital or rehabilitation environment. Sleep disruption is associated with several cognitive deficits, including attention, memory and executive function impairments. Poor quality and/or insufficient quantity of sleep in acute TBI probably affect general functioning and ADLs calling for these cognitive functions.Conclusions and SignificanceThe cognitive impairments present following TBI are probably exacerbated by poor sleep quality and sleep deprivation during hospitalisation, which in turn impact ADLs among this population. Health‐care personnel should further consider sleep disturbances among people with TBI and a sleep protocol should be established.