bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of intra‐articular hyaluronic acid injection on immunohistochemical characterization of joint afferents in a rat model of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Ikeuchi M. , Izumi M. , Aso K. , Sugimura N. , Kato T. , Tani T. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundIntra‐articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injection, known as viscosupplementation, is a widely used therapy for pain relief in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Long‐term clinical efficacy of HA has been reported in spite of a relatively short residence time. Herein, we evaluated our hypothesis that intra‐articular HA injection could reduce the OA‐associated changes in joint afferents.MethodsOA was induced by intra‐articular injection of mono‐iodoacetate in rats. Animals in the OA + HA group were given three weekly intra‐articular HA injections. Pain‐related behaviours, including weight‐bearing asymmetry and mechanical hyperalgesia of the paw, knee joint histology and immunohistochemistry of joint afferents identified by retrograde labelling, were compared between groups (naïve, OA and OA + HA).ResultsOA rats showed pain‐related behaviours and up‐regulation of pain‐related neurochemical markers [calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), tyrosine receptor kinase A (TrkA) and acid‐sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3)] in joint afferents. HA injections reduced not only the severity of OA and pain behaviours but also OA‐associated neurochemical changes in joint afferents. The differences between OA and OA + HA were statistically significant in CGRP (61 ± 10% vs. 51 ± 10%; p = 0.0406) but not significant in TrkA (62 ± 10% vs. 54 ± 9%; p = 0.0878) and ASIC3 (38 ± 9% vs. 32 ± 8%; p = 0.3681).ConclusionIntra‐articular HA injections reduced the severity of OA, decreased mechanical hyperalgesia of the paw, but not weight‐bearing asymmetry, and attenuated OA‐associated up‐regulation of CGRP, but not TrkA and ASIC3, in joint afferents. The modulatory effects of HA on joint afferents is one of the underlying mechanisms of the gap between HA residence time and duration of clinical efficacy.
A genome‐wide association study suggests an association of Chr8p21.3 (GFRA2) with diabetic neuropathic pain
Authors: Meng W. , Deshmukh H.A. , van Zuydam N.R. , Liu Y. , Donnelly L.A. , Zhou K. ,   Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 (WTCCC2),   Surrogate Markers for Micro‐ and Macro‐Vascular Hard Endpoints for Innovative Diabetes Tools (SUMMIT) Study Group, Morris A.D. , Colhoun H.M. , Palmer C.N.A. , Smith B.H. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundNeuropathic pain, caused by a lesion or a disease affecting the somatosensory system, is one of the most common complications in diabetic patients. The purpose of this study is to identify genetic factors contributing to this type of pain in a general diabetic population.MethodWe accessed the Genetics of Diabetes Audit and Research Tayside (GoDARTS) datasets that contain prescription information and monofilament test results for 9439 diabetic patients, among which 6927 diabetic individuals were genotyped by Affymetrix SNP6.0 or Illumina OmniExpress chips. Cases of neuropathic pain were defined as diabetic patients with a prescription history of at least one of five drugs specifically indicated for the treatment of neuropathic pain and in whom monofilament test result was positive for sensory neuropathy in at least one foot. Controls were individuals who did not have a record of receiving any opioid analgesics. Imputation of non‐genotyped SNPs was performed by IMPUTE2, with reference files from 1000 Genomes Phase I datasets.ResultsAfter data cleaning and relevant exclusions, imputed genotypes of 572 diabetic neuropathic pain cases and 2491 diabetic controls were used in the Fisher's exact test. We identified a cluster in the Chr8p21.3, next to GFRA2 with a lowest p‐value of 1.77 × 10−7 at rs17428041. The narrow‐sense heritability of this phenotype was 11.00%.ConclusionThis genome‐wide association study on diabetic neuropathic pain suggests new evidence for the involvement of variants near GFRA2 with the disorder, which needs to be verified in an independent cohort and at the molecular level.
A Bayesian spatial factor analysis approach for combining climate model ensembles
Authors: Neeley E.S. , Christensen W.F. , Sain S.R. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractGlobal and regional climate models are large computer models that simulate the Earth's climate system and are used extensively in climate change research. Climate models are based on natural laws of physics, chemistry, and fluid dynamics. However, different inputs and parameterizations lead to different climate projections. To help account for inherent uncertainties in the process, collections of climate models, called ensembles, are often used. This paper proposes a method for combining climate ensemble output using a spatial confirmatory factor analysis model to characterize modes of similarity among ensemble members. The proposed model uses both Bayesian and spatial methods to estimate a common climate factor as well as unique factor loadings for each ensemble member. These spatial factor loadings indicate the degree of agreement for each member with the common climate factor. The model is applied to the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program ensemble, using both winter surface temperature and winter precipitation. In both cases, the spatial confirmatory factor analysis model finds areas of disagreement among ensemble members where no suitable consensus can be obtained. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alle Augen auf den Nachwuchs
Authors: Wagner Dorothea 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDie Frage nach der Zukunft junger Forscherinnen und Forscher ist die Frage nach der Zukunft unseres Wissenschaftssystems. Dieses ist nur leistungsfähig, wenn es gelingt, hoch qualifiziertes Personal möglichst früh zu gewinnen und zu halten. Dazu braucht es vor allem eines: belastbare Perspektiven.
IntelligenteLogistik 2.0
Authors: Gath Max , Herzog Otthein 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBriefe, Bücher, Medikamente — Express‐ und Kurierleistungen gehören heute zum städtischen Alltag. Sie zu steuern, stellt die Logistik vor neue Herausforderungen. Ein Transferprojekt zeigt, dass dabei Selbststeuerung und lokale Optimierung für mehr Flexibilität sorgen.
Somatic mutations in the D‐loop of mitochondrial DNA in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Shih‐An , Jiang Rong‐San , Wang Wen‐Yi , Lin Jin‐Ching 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to characterize somatic mutations in the D‐loop of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and their impact on survival in patients with head and neck cancer.MethodsHistologically confirmed head and neck cancer and corresponding noncancerous tissues were obtained from 130 patients. The D‐loop of mtDNA sequence in noncancerous tissues was compared with that of paired cancer samples and any sequence differences were identified as somatic mutations.ResultsSomatic mutations of the D‐loop were observed in 81 patients (62.3%) with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and most of them occurred in the poly‐C tract. There were no significant differences between the mutation group and nonmutation group in demographic and tumor‐related features. Patients with D‐loop mutations had better survival (4‐year disease‐specific survival rate: 70.5% vs 50.8%; p = .0435).ConclusionSomatic mutation of D‐loop of mtDNA was a potential prognostic factor of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 878–883, 2015
Sonographic appearance of a cartilaginous cyst from the symphysis pubis mimicking a mass in the urinary bladder
Authors: Lee Han Na , Ahn Sung Eun , Park Ji Seon , Park So Young , Jin Wook , Ryu Kyung Nam 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTA suprapubic cartilaginous cyst from the symphysis pubis is a rare lesion, which may be asymptomatic or cause symptoms such as urinary retention and pelvic pain. It is thought to be secondary to degenerative changes in the symphysis pubis and usually occurs in multiparous women. We report the case of a suprapubic cartilaginous cyst in a 76‐year‐old asymptomatic woman, which mimicked a bladder mass on ultrasonography. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:562–564, 2014
Modelling present and future African climate usingCMIP5scenarios inHadGEM2‐ES
Authors: Dike Victor Nnamdi , Shimizu Marilia Harumi , Diallo Mohamadou , Lin Zhaohui , Nwofor Okechukwu Kelechi , Chineke Theo Chidiezie 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTThe present precipitation and temperature patterns and expected future changes (2073–2098) in Africa are investigated using the Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model 2‐Earth System (HadGEM2‐ES) under the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) protocols for historical and future emission scenarios simulations. In a CMIP5 multimodel analysis, the annual cycles of temperature and precipitation simulated by HadGEM2‐ES were very close to the multimodel ensemble mean. HadGEM2‐ES temperature simulation compares well with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis over the 1979–2004 periods, except for a summer overestimation in Central Africa, and a winter underestimation in tropical West Africa. The precipitation simulation compared well with the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) data from 1979 to 2004 over the entire Africa, except in the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), where the model fails to capture adequately the transition phase of the monsoon circulation. The dry regimes over Northern Africa as well as the wetter regime occurring over Central Africa, which is mainly regulated by the ITCZ displacement, and during the austral summer of Southern Africa, are also fairly reproduced by the HadGEM2‐ES model. The model projects for the end of the 21st century a rainy South Africa, a change of the flood/drought cycle in the Tropics and a warming over the whole continent, varying from 3 to 7 °C. HadGEM2‐ES performance for Nigeria shows good reproduction of precipitation seasonal cycles for some locations, outside the ITCZ. However, the comparison within situmeasurement in Ilorin and Lagos shows the model is not being able to reproduce the precipitation annual cycle. Future projections for Nigeria exhibit warming everywhere and an enhancement of precipitation, especially in the northern part of the country.
Estrogen receptor beta is involved in skeletal muscle hypertrophy induced by the phytoecdysteroid ecdysterone
Authors: Parr Maria Kristina , Zhao Piwen , Haupt Oliver , Ngueu Sandrine Tchoukouegno , Hengevoss Jonas , Fritzemeier Karl Heinrich , Piechotta Marion , Schlörer Nils , Muhn Peter , Zheng Wen‐Ya , Xie Ming‐Yong , Diel Patrick 
Published: June 2014

ScopeThe phytoectysteroid ecdysterone (Ecdy) was reported to stimulate protein synthesis and enhance physical performance. The aim of this study was to investigate underlying molecular mechanisms particularly the role of ER beta (ERβ).ResultsIn male rats, Ecdy treatment increased muscle fiber size, serum IGF‐1 increased, and corticosteron and 17β‐estradiol (E2) decreased. In differentiated C2C12 myoblastoma cells, treatment with Ecdy, dihydrotestosterone, IGF‐1 but also E2 results in hypertrophy. Hypertrophy induced by E2 and Ecdy could be antagonized with an antiestrogen but not by an antiandrogen. In HEK293 cells transfected with ER alpha (ERα) or ERβ, Ecdy treatment transactivated a reporter gene. To elucidate the role of ERβ in Ecdy‐mediated muscle hypertrophy, C2C12 myotubes were treated with ERα (ALPHA) and ERβ (BETA) selective ligands. Ecdy and BETA treatment but not ALPHA induced hypertrophy. The effect of Ecdy, E2, and BETA could be antagonized by an ERβ‐selective antagonist (ANTIBETA). In summary, our results indicate that ERβ is involved in the mediation of the anabolic activity of the Ecdy.ConclusionThese findings provide new therapeutic perspectives for the treatment of muscle injuries, sarcopenia, and cachectic disease, but also imply that such a substance could be abused for doping purposes.
Caco‐2 accumulation of lutein is greater from human milk than from infant formula despite similar bioaccessibility
Authors: Lipkie Tristan E. , Banavara Dattatreya , Shah Bhavini , Morrow Ardythe L. , McMahon Robert J. , Jouni Zeina E. , Ferruzzi Mario G. 
Published: June 2014

ScopeClinical evidence suggests that the bioavailability of lutein is lower from infant formula than from human milk. The purpose of this study was to assess characteristics of human milk and lutein‐fortified infant formula that may impact carotenoid delivery.Methods and resultsCarotenoid bioaccessibility and intestinal absorption were modeled by in vitro digestion coupled with Caco‐2 human intestinal cell culture. Twelve human milk samples were assessed from 1–6 months postpartum, and 10 lutein‐fortified infant formula samples from three lutein sources in both ready‐to‐use and reconstituted powder forms. The relative bioaccessibility of lutein was not different (p > 0.05) between human milk (29 ± 2%) and infant formula (36 ± 4%). However, lutein delivery was 4.5 times greater from human milk than infant formula when including Caco‐2 accumulation efficiency. Caco‐2 accumulation of lutein was increasingly efficient with decreasing concentration of lutein from milk. Carotenoid bioaccessibility and Caco‐2 accumulation were not affected by lactation stage, total lipid content, lutein source, or form of infant formula (powder vs. liquid).ConclusionThese data suggest that the bioavailability of carotenoids is greater from human milk than infant formula primarily due to intestinal absorptive processes, and that absorption of lutein is potentiated by factors from human milk especially at low lutein concentration.
Mean magnetic susceptibility regularized susceptibility tensor imaging (MMSR‐STI) for estimating orientations of white matter fibers in human brain
Authors: Li Xu , van Zijl Peter C. M. 
Published: June 2014

PurposeAn increasing number of studies show that magnetic susceptibility in white matter fibers is anisotropic and may be described by a tensor. However, the limited head rotation possible for in vivo human studies leads to an ill‐conditioned inverse problem in susceptibility tensor imaging (STI). Here we suggest the combined use of limiting the susceptibility anisotropy to white matter and imposing morphology constraints on the mean magnetic susceptibility (MMS) for regularizing the STI inverse problem.MethodsThe proposed MMS regularized STI (MMSR‐STI) method was tested using computer simulations and in vivo human data collected at 3T. The fiber orientation estimated from both the STI and MMSR‐STI methods was compared to that from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).ResultsComputer simulations show that the MMSR‐STI method provides a more accurate estimation of the susceptibility tensor than the conventional STI approach. Similarly, in vivo data show that use of the MMSR‐STI method leads to a smaller difference between the fiber orientation estimated from STI and DTI for most selected white matter fibers.ConclusionThe proposed regularization strategy for STI can improve estimation of the susceptibility tensor in white matter. Magn Reson Med 72:610–619, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of MRI methods for measuring whole‐brain venous oxygen saturation
Authors: Barhoum Suliman , Rodgers Zachary B. , Langham Michael , Magland Jeremy F. , Li Cheng , Wehrli Felix W. 
Published: June 2014

PurposeIn this work, we compare susceptometry‐based oximetry (SBO) and two T2‐based methods for estimating resting baseline SvO2 in the superior sagittal sinus (SSS).MethodsSBO is a field‐mapping technique whereas in T2‐based methods the intravascular blood signal is isolated either with velocity‐encoded projections [projection‐based T2 (PT2)] or a tag‐control scheme [T2‐relaxation under spin tagging (TRUST)] after T2‐preparation. The measurements were performed on twelve healthy subjects (mean age = 33 ± 6 years) at 3 Tesla field strength. The reliability, precision, and reproducibility were examined for the three techniques.ResultsThe mean (± standard deviation) SvO2 quantified by SBO, PT2, and TRUST were found to be 65.9 ± 3.3, 65.6 ± 3.5, and 63.2 ± 4.1%. The standard deviation (SD) for 10 consecutive measurements in the quantified SvO2 was less than 2.7%, 4.7%, and 5.0% for SBO, PT2, and TRUST across all subjects. In testing reproducibility across different days, the resulting SDs were 2.6, 3.5, and 2.0% for SBO, PT2, and TRUST.ConclusionThe results indicate that all three SvO2 quantification techniques to be reliable with good agreement between PT2 and SBO while TRUST yielded slightly lower values compared with the other two techniques. Magn Reson Med 73:2122–2128, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accurate field mapping in the presence of B0 inhomogeneities, applied to MR thermometry
Authors: Mei Chang‐Sheng , Chu Renxin , Hoge W. Scott , Panych Lawrence P. , Madore Bruno 
Published: June 2014

PurposeTo describe how B0 inhomogeneities can cause errors in proton resonance frequency (PRF) shift thermometry, and to correct for these errors.MethodsWith PRF thermometry, measured phase shifts are converted into temperature measurements through the use of a scaling factor proportional to the echo time, TE. However, B0 inhomogeneities can deform, spread, and translate MR echoes, potentially making the “true” echo time vary spatially within the imaged object and take on values that differ from the prescribed TE value. Acquisition and reconstruction methods able to avoid or correct for such errors are presented.ResultsTests were performed in a gel phantom during sonication, and temperature measurements were made with proper shimming as well as with intentionally introduced B0 inhomogeneities. Errors caused by B0 inhomogeneities were observed, described, and corrected by the proposed methods. No statistical difference was found between the corrected results and the reference results obtained with proper shimming, while errors by more than 10% in temperature elevation were corrected for. The approach was also applied to an abdominal in vivo dataset.ConclusionField variations induce errors in measured field values, which can be detected and corrected. The approach was validated for a PRF thermometry application. Magn Reson Med 73:2142–2151, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Changes in the volume, power and nutritional quality of foods marketed to children on television in Canada
Authors: Potvin Kent Monique , Martin Cherie L. , Kent Emily A. 
Published: June 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate the self‐regulatory Children's Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative pre‐ and post‐implementation in terms of volume of marketing, marketing techniques, and nutritional quality of foods marketed to children on television.MethodsData for 11 food categories for May 2006 and 2011 were purchased from Nielsen Media Research for two children's specialty channels in Toronto. A content analysis of food advertisements examining the volume and marketing techniques was undertaken. Nutritional information on each advertisement was collected and comparisons were made between 2006 and 2011.ResultsThe volume of ads aired by Canadian Children's Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative (CAI) companies on children's specialty channels decreased by 24% between 2006 and 2011; however, children and teens were targeted significantly more, and spokes‐characters and licensed characters were used more frequently in 2011 compared to 2006. The overall nutritional quality of CAI advertisements remains unchanged between 2006 and 2011.ConclusionThere are clear weaknesses in the self‐regulatory system in Canada. Food advertising needs to be regulated to protect the health of Canadian children.
Ewing sarcoma inhibition by disruption of EWSR1–FLI1 transcriptional activity and reactivation of p53
Authors: van der Ent Wietske , Jochemsen Aart G , Teunisse Amina FAS , Krens SF Gabriel , Szuhai Karoly , Spaink Herman P , Hogendoorn Pancras CW , Snaar‐Jagalska B Ewa 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTranslocations involving ETS‐transcription factors, most commonly leading to the EWSR1–FLI1 fusion protein, are the hallmark of Ewing sarcoma. Despite knowledge of this driving molecular event, an effective therapeutic strategy is lacking. To test potential treatment regimes, we established a novel Ewing sarcoma zebrafish engraftment model allowing time‐effective, dynamic quantification of Ewing sarcoma progression and tumour burden in vivo, applicable for screening of single and combined compounds. In Ewing sarcoma the tumour‐suppressor gene TP53 is commonly found to be wild‐type, thus providing an attractive target for treatment. Here, we study TP53 wild‐type (EW7, CADO‐ES1 and TC32) and TP53‐deleted (SK‐N‐MC) Ewing sarcoma cell lines to investigate the potentiating effect of p53 reactivation by Nutlin‐3 on treatment with YK‐4‐279 to block transcriptional activity of EWSR1–FLI1 protein. Blocking EWSR1–FLI1 transcriptional activity reduced Ewing sarcoma tumour cell burden irrespective of TP53 status. We show that simultaneous YK‐4‐279 treatment with Nutlin‐3 to stabilize p53 resulted in an additive inhibition of TP53 wild‐type Ewing sarcoma cell burden, whilst not affecting TP53‐deleted Ewing sarcoma cells. Improved inhibition of proliferation and migration by combinatorial treatment was confirmed in vivo by zebrafish engraftments. Mechanistically, both compounds together additively induced apoptosis of tumour cells in vivo by engaging distinct pathways. We propose reactivation of the p53 pathway in combination with complementary targeted therapy by EWSR1–FLI1 transcriptional activity disruption as a valuable strategy against p53 wild‐type Ewing sarcoma. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Label‐free proteomic analysis of red blood cell membrane fractions from abdominal aortic aneurysm patients
Authors: Martinez‐Pinna Roxana , Burillo Elena , Madrigal‐Matute Julio , Lopez Juan Antonio , Camafeita Emilio , Torres‐Fonseca Monica Maria , Llamas‐Granda Patricia , Egido Jesus , Michel Jean‐Baptiste , Blanco‐Colio Luis Miguel , Martin‐Ventura Jose Luis 
Published: June 2014

PurposeTo test whether red blood cell (RBC) membrane composition is modified in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) patients.Experimental designRBC membrane extracts from AAA patients (aortic diameter >3 cm, n = 7) and control subjects (n = 4) were analyzed by a label‐free quantitative MS‐based strategy, using spectral count data. Additional validation was performed by western‐blot.ResultsData analysis based on spectral count from MS/MS‐based experiments provided us a signature of 39 proteins differentially expressed in RBC membranes between AAA and controls (changes equal/over 1.515‐fold; p‐values equal/lower 0.05). MS data revealed altered levels of structural membrane proteins (e.g. spectrins and ankyrin), components of the degradation machinery (proteasome subunits), and oxidative stress related proteins (e.g. catalase and peroxiredoxin‐2) among others. Decreased catalase and peroxiredoxin‐2 expression in RBC membrane of AAA patients compared to controls were further validated by Western blot, confirming the proteomic results.Conclusions and clinical relevanceRBCs membrane protein composition is altered in AAA patients, which could be involved in the pathological role of RBCs in aortic tissue and become potential targets to prevent AAA progression.