bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
122 Human biomonitoring for firefighters after exposure to acrylonitrile
Authors: Bäcker Sandra , Webendörfer Stefan , Van Bortel Gert , Bader Michael 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Human biomonitoring (HBM) can be used to investigate exposure to hazardous substances after short-term exposure or accidental events. The comparison with occupational and environmental medical assessment values allows an evaluation of hazardous substance intake and reliable risk communication.
This presentation describes the results of a biomonitoring program after an operation of a professional fire brigade on a chemical site triggered by a container reaction with fire and leakage of acrylonitrile. After the operation and on the following day, urine samples of the firefighters were collected for HBM. The samples were analyzed for the acrylonitrile metabolite cyanoethyl mercapturic acid (CEMA, limit of determination: 1 µg/L).
In total, 55 samples (urinary creatinine 0.3 – 3.0 g/L) were collected and categorized into “operation day” (n = 38) and “following day” (n = 17). Further subdivision was made into non-smokers’ and smokers’ samples. On operation day, CEMA concentrations above the reference value (15 µg/g creatinine, Biological Reference Value, MAK Commission) were found in 32 % of the non-smokers’ samples (max. 357 µg/g creatinine). The maximum CEMA concentration was 648 µg/g creatinine, found in a smoker’s sample. Highest CEMA concentrations occurred in connection with the post-operation “fire watch”. Following-day samples showed a decrease in acrylonitrile exposure in both non-smokers and smokers.
Based on the HBM results, low to moderate exposure to acrylonitrile during the operation can be assumed. In non-smokers, CEMA concentrations at the level of typical acrylonitrile exposures of tobacco smokers were observed. Special attention should be paid to the exposure protection during fire watches.
320 An evaluation of the heavy metal content in inhalable and small PM broiler house sample fractions of broiler house dust in Dinokeng, South Africa
Authors: van Rensburg Shana Jansen , Claassen Nico 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Studies indicated that settled broiler house dust and used broiler house floor bedding contains heavy metals which are considered to have high toxicity. Current literature does not indicate if heavy metals are present in airborne broiler house dust. Inhalable and small PM broiler house airborne dust was collected in a broiler house to determine if heavy metals are present.NIOSH method 7300 was used to determine particulate matter larger than 7 μm and smaller than 7 μm inside the broiler house and the particulate matter larger than 7 μm outside the broiler house on day 0 (background), 20 and 40. The duration of sampling was eight, seven and three hours for day 0, 20 and 40 respectively. Bulk samples of the chicken feed, sawdust, clean and used floor bedding were also collected.SEM-EDX analysis was done with a Thermo Scientific Phenom XL G2 Desktop SEM to determine elemental composition of the PM and bulk samples collected.The broiler house PM contains cadmium and chromium in atomic concentrations of more than 10%, and manganese, nickel, arsenic, selenium, and mercury in atomic concentrations of less than 10%. The atomic concentrations of cadmium are most likely due to the processing and production of the chicken feed. The origins of the atomic concentrations of chromium could not be identified.The unique method used to identify heavy metals highlighted that other variables besides the amount of inhalable and respirable broiler house dust needs to be considered during an occupational health risk assessment of broiler house workers.
The Role of Nasal Fat Preservation in Upper Lid Surgery and Assessment With the Face-Q Questionnaire: Innovations in Upper Blepharoplasty
Authors: Nicodemi Ezio Maria , Taraschi Federico 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Upper blepharoplasty is a common procedure in aesthetic plastic surgery. Numerous techniques focus on removing excessive tissues, including skin, muscle, and fat. However, aging insights suggest tissues mainly undergo depletion rather than increase. Removing significant eyelid fat tissue can boost aesthetics but might result in a gaunt appearance with a recessed superior sulcus. Adjusting this can be achieved by moving a prominent nasal fat pad to the eyelid's center.

Objectives
We introduce a new surgical method combining the removal of excess skin, minimal resection of the orbicularis muscle, and redistribution of the orbital bags while preserving nasal fat. This method involves minimal detachment, with the medial bag anchored centrally.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study on 11 patients eligible for this surgical technique between 2019 and 2023 who underwent preservation upper blepharoplasty. The Face-Q Upper Lid questionnaire was administered both before and 6 months postoperation, with the Face-Q Outcome assessed 6 months after the surgical procedure.

Results
All participants were females aged between 43 and 68 years. Fat necrosis was absent in all cases. The volume augmentation remained consistent over an average follow-up of 1 year. We recorded zero complications. There was an increase of 25 points in the Face-Q Upper Eyelids score between the preoperative and postoperative stages. The average score for Face-Q Outcome stood at 81.7.

Conclusions
Our preservation blepharoplasty approach reliably achieves upper lateral eyelid fullness, offering a naturally rejuvenated appearance.

Level of Evidence: 5
Rapid eDNA survey reveals a unique biodiversity hotspot: The Corubal River, West Africa
Authors: Lopes-Lima Manuel , Prié Vincent , Camará Mutaro , Ceríaco Luis M P , Fernandes Vasco , Ferreira Sónia , Gonçalves Duarte V , Lecoq Miguel , Martins Filipa M S , Parrinha Diogo , de Barros Aissa Regalla , Valentini Alice , Veríssimo Joana , Palma Luís , Beja Pedro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Corubal (Guinea-Bissau) is a wild but underexplored river in West Africa. This study underscores the potential of environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys to fill biodiversity knowledge gaps in the region. We filtered large water volumes at 11 sites along the watershed, amplified multiple molecular markers, and performed high PCR (polymerase chain reaction) replication and in-depth sequencing. We recorded 2589 amplicon sequence variants, with accumulation curves indicating the need for additional sampling to achieve a thorough survey. The taxonomic assignments were constrained by the scarcity of genomic resources. We recorded 125 species of aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates, including 21 new to the country, predominantly fish (61.9%). Surprisingly, crocodiles were not detected, despite their known presence. There were 11 imperiled species, two of which are Critically Endangered (Western chimpanzee and the mussel Pleiodon ovatus). Our findings support the conservation importance of the Corubal, provide a baseline for future monitoring, and highlight the challenges and opportunities of eDNA surveys in remote tropical rivers.
Soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 as a predictor of postoperative hepatic failure
Authors: Wu Jing , Apaer Shadike , Fulati Xiapukaiti , Vuitton Dominique A , Zhang Yunfei , Payiziwula Jiangduosi , Anweier Nuerzhatijiang , Li Tao , Tuerxun Kahaer , Aji Tuerganaili , Zhao Jinming , Shao Yingmei , Tuxun Tuerhongjiang , Wen Hao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Posthepatectomy liver failure remains a potentially life-threatening complication after hepatectomy. Soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 is an injury-related biomarker. The aim of the study was to assess soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 elevation after hepatectomy and whether it can predict posthepatectomy liver failure.

Methods
This was a single-centre retrospective study including all patients who underwent a liver resection between 2015 and 2019. Plasma concentrations of soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 were measured before surgery and at postoperative days 1, 2, 5 and 7. Posthepatectomy liver failure was defined according to the International Study Group of Liver Surgery and the morbidity rate was graded according to the Clavien–Dindo classification.

Results
A total of 173 patients were included (75 underwent major and 98 minor resection); plasma levels of soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 increased from 43.42 (range 18.69–119.96) pg/ml to 2622.23 (range 1354.18–4178.27) pg/ml on postoperative day 1 (P &lt; 0.001). Postoperative day 1 soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 concentration accurately predicted posthepatectomy liver failure ≥ grade B (area under curve = 0.916, P &lt; 0.001) and its outstanding performance was not affected by underlying disease, liver pathological status and extent of resection. The cut-off value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of postoperative day 1 soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 in predicting posthepatectomy liver failure ≥ grade B were 3700, 92%, 85%, 64% and 97% respectively. Soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2high patients more frequently experienced posthepatectomy liver failure ≥ grade B (64.3% (n = 36) versus 2.6% (n = 3)) and Clavien–Dindo IIIa higher morbidity rate (23.2% (n = 13) versus 5.1% (n = 6)) compared with soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2low patients.

Conclusions
Soluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 may be a reliable predictor of posthepatectomy liver failure ≥ grade B as early as postoperative day 1 for patients undergoing liver resection. Its role in controlling hepatic injury/regeneration needs further investigation.
Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15007210 (www.chictr.org.cn/).
Male Social Work Students: Common Dispositions, Motivations, Experiences and Barriers impacting their Career Choice
Authors: Galley David 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This research article contributes to the literature concerning the gender imbalance within social work and the sparsity of male social work practitioners. It argues for increased gender balance within the profession and reports on a qualitative research study, which garnered the perceptions and experiences of thirty-four male social work students and alumni. Participants were drawn from six universities across the UK. Qualitative data were collated using semi-structured interviews, surveys, field observations and BEM sex role inventory tests. Analysis of the data identified the characteristics and dispositions of males more likely to enter the profession, locating where they can potentially be drawn from. This research is of interest to policymakers wishing to address the low status of the profession and in terms of informing a recruitment strategy for social work, particularly involving secondary and higher education to further promote the profession as one suitable for any gender.
Obesogenic diet induces sex-specific alterations of contextual fear memory and associated hippocampal activity in mice
Authors: N’Diaye Matéo , Ducourneau Eva-Gunnel , Bakoyiannis Ioannis , Potier Mylène , Lafenetre Pauline , Ferreira Guillaume 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In addition to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, obesity is associated with cognitive deficits in humans and animal models. We have previously shown that obesogenic high-fat and sugar diet intake during adolescence (adoHFSD) impairs hippocampus (HPC)-dependent memory in rodents. These results were obtained in males only and it remains to evaluate whether adoHFSD has similar effect in females. Therefore, here, we investigated the effects of adoHFSD consumption on HPC-dependent contextual fear memory and associated brain activation in male and female mice. Exposure to adoHFSD increased fat mass accumulation and glucose levels in both males and females but impaired contextual fear memory only in males. Compared with females, contextual fear conditioning induced higher neuronal activation in the dorsal and ventral HPC (CA1 and CA3 subfields) as well as in the medial prefrontal cortex in males. Also, adoHFSD-fed males showed enhanced c-Fos expression in the dorsal HPC, particularly in the dentate gyrus, and in the basolateral amygdala compared with the other groups. Finally, chemogenetic inactivation of the dorsal HPC rescued adoHFSD-induced memory deficits in males. Our results suggest that males are more vulnerable to the effects of adoHFSD on HPC-dependent aversive memory than females, due to overactivation of the dorsal HPC.
Brain local stability and network flexibility of table tennis players: a 7T MRI study
Authors: Liu Wenming , Ye Shuqin , Cao Yuting , Li Yuyang , Gao Yanyan , Zhao Mengqi , Wang Yadan , Yun Bing , Luo Le , Zheng Chanying , Jia Xize 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Table tennis players have adaptive visual and sensorimotor networks, which are the key brain regions to acquire environmental information and generate motor output. This study examined 20 table tennis players and 21 control subjects through ultrahigh field 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. First, we measured percentage amplitude of fluctuation across five different frequency bands and found that table tennis players had significantly lower percentage amplitude of fluctuation values than control subjects in 18 brain regions, suggesting enhanced stability of spontaneous brain fluctuation amplitudes in visual and sensorimotor networks. Functional connectional analyses revealed increased static functional connectivity between two sensorimotor nodes and other frontal-parietal regions among table tennis players. Additionally, these players displayed enhanced dynamic functional connectivity coupled with reduced static connectivity between five nodes processing visual and sensory information input, and other large-scale cross-regional areas. These findings highlight that table tennis players undergo neural adaptability through a dual mechanism, characterized by global stability in spontaneous brain fluctuation amplitudes and heightened flexibility in visual sensory networks. Our study offers novel insights into the mechanisms of neural adaptability in athletes, providing a foundation for future efforts to enhance cognitive functions in diverse populations, such as athletes, older adults, and individuals with cognitive impairments.
Nearly perfect reproducibility degree of computed tomography in the evaluation of subcutaneous, visceral, and epicardial adipose volumes and radiodensities in lymphoma patients
Authors: Soares Brandao S , Saura Martins A G S M , Cavalcanti Amorim Martins R J C A M , Duarte Ribeiro Sobrinho J M D R S , De Moraes Chaves Becker M M C B , De Oliveira Buril R O B , De Oliveira Menezes V O M , Alves Mourato F A M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Obesity increases cardiovascular risk and the occurrence of certain types of cancer. Additionally, oncological diseases and their anticancer therapies can lead to adipose tissue remodeling, worsening chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular risk. Therefore, measuring the volume and distribution of body fat can help characterize and monitor the cardiometabolic status of patients undergoing cancer treatment. Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) is a routine hybrid imaging method in oncology practice. PET/CT can provide information on the quality, volume, and distribution of body fat. However, the literature regarding the accuracy and reproducibility of these analyses by PET/CT still needs to be improved.

Purpose
To evaluate the inter- and intra-observer reproducibility of CT in analyzing measurements of subcutaneous (SC), visceral (VS), and epicardial (EP) fat volumes in lymphoma patients who underwent oncological PET/CT examinations at a Brazilian university hospital.

Materials and Methods
A blind, comparative, observational, and analytical study. Data collection was performed using an oncological PET/CT examination database. The volumes and attenuation densities of SC, VS, and EP fat were measured by two independent evaluators using the free software LIFEx at two different moments on PET/CT images of 21 lymphoma patients. The data were grouped by evaluator and analysis moment and compared among them. Intra-observer reproducibility was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and inter-observer reproducibility was evaluated using the kappa coefficient (k).

Results
Regarding intra-observer reproducibility, the ICC was greater than 0.99 for assessments of SC and VS fat attenuation density and greater than 0.96 for EP fat attenuation density for both observers. For fat volume assessments, an ICC greater than 0.99 was obtained for SC and VS and greater than 0.97 for both observers. Concerning inter-observer reproducibility, the k coefficient ranged from 0.9 to 0.95 for EP attenuation and volume assessments and was &gt;0.99 for both measures in the other sites.

Conclusion
PET/CT showed nearly perfect intra- and inter-observers reproducibility in evaluating the density and volume of SC, VS, and EP fat in lymphoma patients.
Value of a coronary CT angiography plus stress cardiac MRI strategy for the evaluation of patients with CCS in the real world
Authors: Busi G , Amico M A , Vannini M , Virgili G , Migliorini A , Pontecorboli G , Pradella S , Acquafresca M , Moroni M , Di Mario C , Valenti R , Carrabba N 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Limited information is available regarding the use of a coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) plus stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (S-CMR) strategy in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS).

Purpose
We sought to evaluate safety and efficacy of a CCTA plus S-CMR strategy in CCS patients.

Methods
At our tertiary care center, 115 patients with suspected CCS at low-intermediate risk first underwent CCTA. Subsequently, those showing intermediate coronary plaques (stenosis 30-70%) underwent S-CMR. Patients with a positive S-CMR were referred for invasive coronary angiopraphy (ICA) plus instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR), and myocardial revascularization if recommended. All patients received guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), including high-dose statins, regardless of myocardial revascularization. The primary endpoint was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, non-fatal myocardial infarction and unplanned revascularization.

Results
According to the results of CCTA, 62 patients showing intermediate coronary plaques underwent S-CMR, which resulted positive for myocardial perfusion deficit in n=17 (27%) and negative in n=45 (73%) patients. According to the results of ICA­ plus iFR, revascularization was performed in 13 patients. No differences in the primary endpoint between the positive and negative S-CMR groups were observed at 1 year (1 [5.9%] vs. 1 [2.2%], P=0.485) and after a median of 33.4 months (2 [11.8%] vs. 3 [6.7%]; P=0.605). Throughout the follow-up, no events were observed in patients with no/minimal plaques at CCTA.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that a CCTA plus S-CMR strategy is effective for the evaluation of patients with suspicion of CCS at low-intermediate risk, and it may help to refine the selection of patients with intermediate coronary plaques at CCTA needing coronary revascularization.
Impact of myocardial viability assessment by NTG augmented Tc99m Sestamibi Gated SPECT on management of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Kumaresan K , Hashmatullah M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aim
To study the impact of myocardial viability assessment by NTG augmented Tc99m Sestamibi Gated SPECT on patients with severe LV dysfunction and significant CAD.

Material and Methods
Forty nine consecutive patients were included in the study. Scan acquisition was done using standard protocol. Myocardial tracer uptake was assessed qualitatively and semi-quantitatively, alongwith presence or absence of systolic brightening. Viable myocardium available in LAD territory was calculated to classify the patients. 37 patients (Group I) were found to have adequate viable myocardium and twelve patients (Group II) did not have adequate viable myocardium in LAD territory. One year follow up information was obtained directly from the patients.

Results
Sixteen patients in Group I (39%) underwent CABG and 3 patients underwent PTCA to LAD, 9 were advised against CABG, 6 were waiting for surgery and 3 refused surgery / intervention; All 16 patients who underwent CABG, and 2 out of 3 who underwent PTCA improved significantly. One patient died after PTCA. Among the 18 on medical treatment, 6 died, one improved clinically and the remaining 11 did not have any clinical improvement.
In Group II, 3 patients (25%) were taken up for CABG, 3 patients underwent PTCA (to non-LAD vessel) and remaining 6 were on medical treatment. Two out of 6 of CABG / PTCA group clinically improved and the remaining 4 were stable. Among the 6 on medical treatment 2 died.

Conclusion
Assessment of myocardial viability has been found to be important in decision making regarding CABG in patients with severe LV dysfunction; Patients with adequate viable myocardium are found to have better prognosis with CABG /PTCA as compared to medical treatment.
The gap-free genome and multi-omics analysis of Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ reveal the dynamics of fruit flavonoid biosynthesis
Authors: Zhu Congyi , You Congjun , Wu Pingzhi , Huang Yongjing , Zhang Ruimin , Fan Zhengyan , Yu Chao , Gong Jinli , Hu Xiaoli , Zeng Jiwu , Sun Xuepeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ (CRC) has long been recognized for its nutritional benefits, health-promoting properties, and pharmacological potential. Despite its importance, the bioactive components of CRC and their biosynthetic pathways have remained largely unexplored. In this study, we introduce a gap-free genome assembly for CRC, which has a size of 312.97 Mb and a contig N50 size of 32.18 Mb. We identified key structural genes, transcription factors, and metabolites crucial to flavonoid biosynthesis through genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses. Our analyses reveal that 409 flavonoid metabolites, accounting for 83.30% of the total identified, are highly concentrated in the early stage of fruit development. This concentration decreases as the fruit develops, with a notable decline in compounds such as hesperetin, naringin, and most polymethoxyflavones observed in later fruit development stages. Additionally, we have examined the expression of 21 structural genes within the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, and found a significant reduction in the expression levels of key genes including 4CL, CHS, CHI, FLS, F3H, and 4′OMT during fruit development, aligning with the trend of flavonoid metabolite accumulation. In conclusion, this study offers deep insights into the genomic evolution, biosynthesis processes, and the nutritional and medicinal properties of CRC, which lay a solid foundation for further gene function studies and germplasm improvement in citrus.