bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical analysis of energy efficiency optimality in multi‐user OFDM systems
Authors: Chien Su Fong , Ting T. O. , Yang Xin‐She , Takahashi Kenzo 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThe strong need and global interests for green communications necessitate the maximum reduction of energy consumption. Hence, one of the major challenges is to optimize the resource allocation and to improve the energy efficiency in an orthogonal frequency division multiple access system. In this paper, we analyze the energy‐efficient resource allocation problem mathematically. Our analytical results show that the optimal resource allocation can be achieved by primarily assigning the user with either the best channel gain or the least optimal power. Furthermore, our detailed case studies show that such analytical results are consistent with the best result obtained from the exhaustive search method. This means that the proposed approach can provide quick and better resource allocation. It can be expected that real‐time in situ optimal resource allocation can be achieved by extending the current methodology. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two Coordination Polymers Based on 3‐(Carboxymethoxy)­benzene‐1,2‐dioic Acid and N‐donor Ancillary Ligands: Synthesis, Crystal structures, and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Li Bo , Fan Hui‐Tao , Song Wen‐Chao , Feng Chao‐Qiang , Zang Shuang‐Quan , Wang Li‐Ya 
Published: August 2014

AbstractTwo coordination polymers were hydrothermally synthesized by reaction of 3‐(carboxymethoxy)benzene‐1,2‐dioic acid (H3L) with divalent zinc or cobalt salts in the presence of ancillary nitrogen ligand. Complex 1 features a three‐dimensional metal‐organic framework with (3,4,4)‐connected topology. Complex 2 exhibits a 3D six‐connected framework with {412.63} topology based on the [Co4(μ3‐OH)2] tetranuclear clusters as nodes. The magnetic properties of complex 2 were also discussed.
Denotational semantics and its algebraic derivation for an event-driven system-level language
Authors: Zhu H. , He Jifeng , Qin Shengchao , Brooke Phillip J. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

As a system-level modelling language, SystemC possesses several novel features such as delayed notifications, notification cancelling, notification overriding and delta-cycle. It also has real-time and shared-variable features. Previously we have studied an operational semantics for SystemC Peng et al. (An operational semantics of an event-driven system-level simulator, pp 190–200,
2006
) and bisimulation has been introduced based on some aspects of reasonable abstractions. The denotational method is another approach to studying the semantics of a programming language. It provides the mathematical meaning to programs and can predict the behaviour of programs. Due to the novel features of SystemC, it is challenging to study the denotational semantics for SystemC. In this paper, we apply
Unifying Theories of Programming
(abbreviated as
UTP
) Hoare and He (Unifying theories of programming,
1998
) in exploring the denotational semantics. Two trace variables are introduced, one to record the state behaviours and another to record the event behaviours. The timed model is formalized in a threedimensional structure. A set of algebraic laws is explored, which can be proved via the presented denotational semantics. In this paper, we also consider the linking between denotational semantics and algebraic semantics. The linking is obtained by deriving the denotational semantics from algebraic semantics for SystemC. A complete set of parallel expansion laws is explored, where the location status of an instantaneous action is studied. The location status indicates an instantaneous action is due to which exact parallel component. We introduce the concept of head normal form for each program and every program is expressed in the form of guarded choice with location status. Based on this, the derivation strategy for deriving denotational semantics from algebraic semantics is provided.
Copper Solubility and Redox Equilibria in Magnesia Saturated CaO-CuOx-FeOx Slags
Authors: Somerville Michael , Sun Shouyi , Jahanshahi Sharif 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
New measurements on solubility of copper and redox equilibria in magnesia-saturated calcium ferrite-based slags are presented. These data were obtained from equilibrium experiments at 1573 K (1300 °C) and over a range of oxygen partial pressures of 10−11 to 10−5 atm, through equilibrating the slag with metallic copper in magnesia crucibles under a flowing Ar-CO-CO2 gas mixture. At low oxygen partial pressures, copper was found to dissolve into slag as a univalent species (CuO0.5) with a linear dependence on the oxygen partial pressure (in logarithm), with a slope of 0.23. At higher oxygen partial pressures (>10−7 atm), the data suggest a divalent copper species becomes significant (CuO) and causes the dependence on oxygen partial pressure to increase. The determination of the Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio in the slag was effected by the cuprous (Cu+) content, which acts to increase the apparent ferrous (Fe2+) content during acid digestion. A correction procedure was applied to the Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio based on the calculated Cu+ content of the slag. The procedure assumes that the activity coefficients of CuO0.5 and CuO (

$$ \gamma_{{{\text{CuO}}_{ 0. 5} }} $$

γ

CuO

0.5

and γ
CuO) in these slags are independent of oxygen partial pressure. The calculated activity coefficients of CuO0.5 and CuO were 3.43 and 0.29, respectively. The corrected Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio had a linear dependence of 0.17 on the oxygen partial pressure over the entire oxygen partial pressure range. This agrees with similar data from the literature.
The internalizing pathway to adolescent substance use disorders: Mediation by ruminative reflection and ruminative brooding
Authors: Adrian Molly , McCarty Carolyn , King Kevin , McCauley Elizabeth , Stoep Ann Vander 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTTwo subtypes of rumination were examined in relationship to substance use and substance use disorders in adolescents. In the 8th and 9th grade, 521 adolescents completed measures assessing depressive symptoms, conduct problems, and reflective and brooding subtypes of rumination. In 12th grade, adolescents reported substance use and were administered the substance use disorders modules from the DISC. Path analyses conducted with data from 428 participants indicated that neither depression nor rumination variables significantly affected the presence of substance use. However, indirect effects of depression through reflection and brooding were differentially related to risk of developing substance use disorders, with brooding positively associated with Marijuana Use Disorders, and reflection negatively related to both Marijuana and Alcohol Use Disorders. Pathways did not differ by sex. These findings suggest that promoting self‐reflection may be an effective strategy to prevent and intervene with the development of problematic substance use.
Single night video‐game use leads to sleep loss and attention deficits in older adolescents☆
Authors: Wolfe Jasper , Kar Kellyann , Perry Ashleigh , Reynolds Chelsea , Gradisar Michael , Short Michelle A. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTThe present study investigated adolescent video‐game use prior to bedtime and subsequent sleep, working memory and sustained attention performance. Participants were 21 healthy, good‐sleeping adolescents (16 male) aged between 15 and 20 years (M = 17.6 years, SD = 1.8). Time spent video‐gaming and subsequent sleep was measured across one night in the sleep laboratory. There were significant correlations between time spent video‐gaming and sleep and between video‐gaming and sustained attention, but not working memory. Sleep duration, in turn, had a significant negative association with sustained attention performance. Mediation analyses revealed that the relationship between video‐gaming and sustained attention was fully mediated by sleep duration. These results indicate that video‐gaming affected the ability to sustain attention only in as much as it affected sleep. In order to minimise negative consequences of video‐game playing, video‐games should be used in moderation, avoiding use close to the sleep period, to obviate detriments to sleep and performance.
Molecular pathology – The value of an integrative approach
Authors: Salto-Tellez Manuel , James Jacqueline A. , Hamilton Peter W. 
Published: August 2014

Molecular Pathology (MP) is at the heart of modern diagnostics and translational research, but the controversy on how MP is best developed has not abated. The lack of a proper model or trained pathologists to support the diagnostic and research missions makes MP a rare commodity overall.Here we analyse the scientific and technology areas, in research and diagnostics, which are encompassed by MP of solid tumours; we highlight the broad overlap of technologies and analytical capabilities in tissue research and diagnostics; and we describe an integrated model that rationalizes technical know‐how and pathology talent for both. The model is based on a single, accredited laboratory providing a single standard of high‐quality for biomarker discovery, biomarker validation and molecular diagnostics.
Exact Analysis of Stress Fields in Composite Laminates under Extension
Authors: Liang W.-Y. , Tseng W.-D. , Tarn J.-Q. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractExact analysis of displacements and stresses in 2-D orthotopic laminates under extension is conducted. On the basis of the Hamiltonian state space approach and the transfer matrix method, a complete solution, in the context of generalized strain, which exactly satisfies the state space equation, the traction-free BC on the top and bottom surfaces of the rectangular section, the interfacial continuity conditions in multi-layered laminates, and the end conditions on free edges, is obtained by combing the eigensolutions and the particular solution. Evaluating of the stresses in the boundary layer for verification shows that the stress decay in laminates under uniform extension may be slow and the edge effects may be pronounced.
Thermal Postbuckling and Free Vibration of Extensible Microscale Beams Based on Modified Couple Stress Theory
Authors: Wang Y.-G. , Lin W.-H. , Zhou C.-L. , Liu R.-X. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis paper presents a mathematical model and a computational approach for the thermal post-buckling and free vibration in the vicinity of the buckled equilibrium position of microbeams based on the modified couple stress Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and geometrically accurate relation. The governing equations for the whole analysis are established with a intrinsic material length scale parameter to capture the size effect. These equations, in conjunction with the corresponding boundary conditions, are decomposed into two two-point boundary value problems, which are solved using the shooting method. For static deformation, the geometric nonlinearity is involved and the size dependent postbuckling configuration is obtained as a function of temperature rise. For dynamic one, the small amplitude free vibration about the prebuckled position is developed following an assumed harmonic time mode, and the length scale and temperature rise dependent fundamental natural frequency is presented. Numerical computations are executed to illustrate the size dependency in the thermal postbuckling behaviors and fundamental frequency of the vibration around the buckled configuration of microbeams.
Investigation on Hygro-Thermo-Mechanical Stress of a Plastic Electronic Package
Authors: Su F. , Li W.-J. , Lan T.-B. , Shang W. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPlastic packaging materials tend to absorb moisture from ambient environment and get swollen, this may raise hygro-stress in plastic electronic package and redistribute the internal stress. In this paper, we reviewed the dramatic deformation of a plastic package (Flip Chip Plastic Ball Grid Array-FCPBGA) due to moisture absorption first, then hygro-thermo-mechanical stress of the plastic package and its evolution during a period of three months were investigated with finite element method, user development was performed for this investigation. The finite element model was verified with hygro-thermal deformation of the FCPBGA measured with a 3-D moiré interferometry system. Following findings were obtained: A. Thermal stress field was changed a lot due to moisture absorption; B. Thermal stress of chip was released to some extent, but peal stress up to 62.2MPa occurred to the solder bump, thus the danger of Under Bump Metal (UBM) opening increased.
WMD, WMD, WMD: Securitisation through ritualised incantation of ambiguous phrases
Authors: OREN IDO , SOLOMON TY 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe seek to reinvigorate and clarify the Copenhagen School's insight that ‘security’ is not ‘a sign that refers to something more real; the utterance [‘security’] itself is the act’. We conceptualise the utterances of securitising actors as consisting not in arguments so much as in repetitive spouting of ambiguous phrases (WMD, rogue states, ethnic cleansing). We further propose that audience acceptance consists not in persuasion so much as in joining the securitising actors in a ritualised chanting of the securitising phrase. Rather than being performed to, the audience participates in the performance in the manner in which a crowd at a rock concert sings along with the artists. We illustrate our argument with a discussion of how the ritualised chanting of the phrase ‘weapons of mass destruction’ during the run-up to the Iraq War ultimately produced the grave Iraqi threat that it purportedly described.
Dual‐band balun with flexible frequency ratios
Authors: Li Shen Andres , Zhou Mi , Arigong Bayaner , Shao Jin , Ren Han , Ding Jun , Zhou Rongguo , Zhang Hualiang 
Published: August 2014

A novel dual‐band balun is presented. The designed 3‐port balun is based on a 4‐port structure with the fourth port terminated as an open end. Being a 4‐port symmetrical network, even–odd‐mode analysis is used to analyse the balun's performance. Based on the derived explicit design equations, a balun is designed to operate at 1.1 and 2 GHz. Numerical simulations show a low reflection coefficient S11, equal magnitude of −3 dB as well as 180° phase difference at the output ports. To validate the theoretical and numerical simulations, the proposed balun is fabricated on the FR4 Isola printed circuit board and measurement results match well with the design theory.
Optimised geometry model for liquid‐suspended miniature gyroscope
Authors: Zhang Haifeng , Chen Nan , Liu Xiaowei , Yin Liang , Li Hai 
Published: August 2014

The levitation of the rotor eliminates mechanical friction and obtains high sensitivity for miniature gyroscopes. However, it is difficult to control the rotor stability because of the rotor's small size. A novel liquid‐suspended rotor miniature gyroscope is proposed, whose stability is improved by liquid suspension. The magnetic and flow field models of the miniature gyroscope are established. Based on models, the driving torque and viscous torque were analysed to optimise the structures of the driving stator and the rotor. The optimised stator structure is 6‐phase‐12‐coil, the optimised rotor radius is 7.44 mm, and the maximum rotational speed of the rotor of 11 210 rpm.
Inhibitor of MYC identified in a Kröhnke pyridine library
Authors: Hart Jonathan R. , Garner Amanda L. , Yu Jing , Ito Yoshihiro , Sun Minghao , Ueno Lynn , Rhee Jin-Kyu , Baksh Michael M. , Stefan Eduard , Hartl Markus , Bister Klaus , Vogt Peter K. , Janda Kim D. 
Published: August 2014

Significance
MYC is an essential transcriptional regulator that controls cell proliferation. Elevated MYC is a driving force in most human cancers, yet MYC has been an exceedingly challenging target for small-molecule inhibitors. Here we describe a novel MYC inhibitor that interacts directly with MYC and interferes with its transcriptional and oncogenic activities.
Primary cilia are required in a unique subpopulation of neural progenitors
Authors: Tong Cheuk Ka , Han Young-Goo , Shah Jugal K. , Obernier Kirsten , Guinto Cristina D. , Alvarez-Buylla Arturo 
Published: August 2014

Significance
The primary cilium, an antenna-like extension on the surface of many cells, is considered essential for growth factor and morphogen reception and transduction. Here we asked, what is the function of primary cilia that projects from the apical surface of neural stem cells (NSCs) into the ventricle? Surprisingly, the removal of primary cilia from fetal and early postnatal NSCs had little effect on forebrain development. Primary cilia, however, were essential for the function of NSCs in a restricted region of a major postnatal germinal niche, the ventricular–subventricular zone. Our data are consistent with primary cilia being essential for the normal proliferation of a subset of Hedgehog-responsive postnatal progenitors.
Bioengineered functional brain-like cortical tissue
Authors: Tang-Schomer Min D. , White James D. , Tien Lee W. , Schmitt L. Ian , Valentin Thomas M. , Graziano Daniel J. , Hopkins Amy M. , Omenetto Fiorenzo G. , Haydon Philip G. , Kaplan David L. 
Published: August 2014

Significance
A modular 3D brain-like cortical tissue is constructed with silk protein-based scaffold and ECM composite and primary cortical neurons. This tissue responds in vitro with biochemical and electrophysiological outcomes, mimicking observations of brain homeostasis and mechanical injury responses.
Enhanced killing of antibiotic-resistant bacteria enabled by massively parallel combinatorial genetics
Authors: Cheng Allen A. , Ding Huiming , Lu Timothy K. 
Published: August 2014

SignificanceMany complex biological phenotypes are multifactorial in nature, yet current strategies for studying biological systems are limited by the inability to generate and track complex combinatorial cellular perturbations in a scalable fashion. Here, we introduce a method, Combinatorial Genetics En Masse (CombiGEM), that allows both facile generation of high-order combinations and high-throughput characterization of pooled populations using next-generation sequencing. We apply CombiGEM to identify genetic combinations that enhance killing of highly antibiotic-resistant bacteria with antibiotics, thus providing potential targets for antimicrobial development. We envision that CombiGEM will be broadly useful for basic science and biotechnology applications, such as complex genetic screening, identification of novel drug targets, interactome mapping, and synthetic circuit characterization.
MRI-localized biopsies reveal subtype-specific differences in molecular and cellular composition at the margins of glioblastoma
Authors: Gill Brian J. , Pisapia David J. , Malone Hani R. , Goldstein Hannah , Lei Liang , Sonabend Adam , Yun Jonathan , Samanamud Jorge , Sims Jennifer S. , Banu Matei , Dovas Athanassios , Teich Andrew F. , Sheth Sameer A. , McKhann Guy M. , Sisti Michael B. , Bruce Jeffrey N. , Sims Peter A. , Canoll Peter 
Published: August 2014

Significance
Molecular analysis of surgically resected glioblastomas (GBM) samples has uncovered phenotypically and clinically distinct tumor subtypes. However, little is known about the molecular features of the glioma margins that are left behind after surgery. To address this key issue, we performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and histological analysis on MRI-guided biopsies from the contrast-enhancing core and nonenhancing margins of GBM. Computational deconvolution of the RNA-seq data revealed that cellular composition, including nonneoplastic cells, is a major determinant of the expression patterns at the margins of GBM. The different GBM subtypes show distinct expression patterns that relate the contrast enhancing centers to the nonenhancing margins of tumors. Understanding these patterns may provide a means to infer the molecular and cellular features of residual disease.
A new tubulin-binding site and pharmacophore for microtubule-destabilizing anticancer drugs
Authors: Prota Andrea E. , Bargsten Katja , Diaz J. Fernando , Marsh May , Cuevas Carmen , Liniger Marc , Neuhaus Christian , Andreu Jose M. , Altmann Karl-Heinz , Steinmetz Michel O. 
Published: August 2014

Significance
Microtubules are dynamic protein filaments assembled from tubulin subunits, which play a key role for cell division. Ligands that target microtubules and affect their dynamics belong to the most successful classes of chemotherapeutic drugs against cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation. Here we have analyzed three structurally unrelated drugs that destabilize microtubules, using X-ray crystallography. The data reveal a new tubulin-binding site for these drugs, which renders their mechanism of action distinct from that of other types of microtubule assembly inhibitors. Similar key interactions with tubulin are observed for all three ligands, thus defining a common pharmacophore. Our results offer an opportunity for the rational design of potent tubulin modulators for the development of more efficient cancer therapies.
Fractal branching organizations of Ediacaran rangeomorph fronds reveal a lost Proterozoic body plan
Authors: Hoyal Cuthill Jennifer F. , Conway Morris Simon 
Published: August 2014

Significance
Rangeomorph fronds characterize the late Ediacaran Period (575–541 Ma), representing some of the earliest large organisms. As such, they offer key insights into the early evolution of multicellular eukaryotes. However, their extraordinary branching morphology differs from all other organisms and has proved highly enigmatic. Here we provide a unified mathematical model of rangeomorph branching, allowing us to reconstruct 3D morphologies of 11 taxa and measure their functional properties. This reveals an adaptive radiation of fractal morphologies which maximized body surface area, consistent with diffusive nutrient uptake (osmotrophy). Rangeomorphs were adaptively optimal for the low-competition, high-nutrient conditions of Ediacaran oceans. With the Cambrian explosion in animal diversity (from 541 Ma), fundamental changes in ecological and geochemical conditions led to their extinction.
EFA6 controls Arf1 and Arf6 activation through a negative feedback loop
Authors: Padovani Dominique , Folly-Klan Marcia , Labarde Audrey , Boulakirba Sonia , Campanacci Valérie , Franco Michel , Zeghouf Mahel , Cherfils Jacqueline 
Published: August 2014

Significance
EFA6, cytohesins, and BRAGs activate Arf GTPases in endocytic events. They carry a plasma membrane-binding PH domain in tandem with their catalytic Sec7 domain, which is autoinhibitory and mediates a positive feedback loop in cytohesins but not in BRAGs, and has an as-yet unknown role in EFA6 regulation. By reconstituting GDP/GTP exchange on membranes, we find that the PH domain of EFA6 is not autoinhibitory, but supports a negative feedback loop. This loop is controlled by interaction of Arf6-GTP with the PH-Ct domains of EFA6 and monitors Arf1 and Arf6 activation differentially. This suggests that EFA6 and cytohesins might be coupled in a mixed negative-positive feedback loop to shape the level and timing of Arf1 and Arf6 activation in endocytosis.