bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventional pulmonology procedures in the pediatric population
Authors: Gilbert Christopher R. , Feller‐Kopman David , Akulian Jason , Hayes Margaret , Yarmus Lonny 
Published: July 2013

SummaryIntroductionAdvanced training in interventional pulmonology (IP) includes a multidisciplinary approach to a wide variety of pathologic conditions affecting different age groups. The role of the interventional pulmonologist in the pediatric patient population has not been described. We report our experience of the care of pediatric patients by IP at an academic institution.MethodsA retrospective review of inpatient and outpatient IP procedures from 2008 to 2011 was performed. All patients' less than 21 years of age at the time of their procedure were identified. Data regarding age, procedure performed, pre‐operative diagnosis, results, and complications were collected.ResultsThirty‐five patients younger than the age of 21, with 14 of these patients being under the age of 18, were identified. Fifty‐six procedures were performed on the entire cohort, 30 as inpatient procedures and 26 as outpatient procedures. There were no deaths or major complications related to any procedure.DiscussionWe identified a cohort of pediatric patients that were able to successfully undergo diagnostic and therapeutic procedures under the direction of an experienced IP team. Cases included the evaluation and management of both malignant and benign complex airway and pleural diseases. There was no major morbidity or mortality related to our procedures, demonstrating an ability to safely evaluate and manage complex airway and pleural disease in the pediatric population. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:597–604. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Surface CD24 distinguishes between low differentiated and transit‐amplifying cells in the basal layer of human prostate
Authors: Petkova Neli , Hennenlotter Jörg , Sobiesiak Malgorzata , Todenhöfer Tilman , Scharpf Marcus , Stenzl Arnulf , Bühring Hans‐Jörg , Schwentner Christian 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are common abnormalities in elderly men. It is considered that epithelial stem cells are involved in the etiology and development of both diseases. To distinguish aberrant from normal cells, the knowledge about primary epithelial stem/progenitor cells (ES/P) is essential. The aim of this study was to examine the role of surface markers to distinguish between different subsets of prostate basal epithelium.METHODSThe expression pattern of prostate tissue single cell suspensions was analyzed by flow cytometry using different markers. Sorted cell populations were examined for their clonogenic capacity and the resulted colonies were analyzed with flow cytometry, Western blot, and qPCR for stem cell, basal, and luminal epithelium markers. Additionally, the histological localization of the examined markers was determined using immunofluorescence.RESULTSUsing the combination of CD49f, Trop‐2, and surface CD24, basal cell subsets with distinct differentiation capacities were dissected (CD49f+Trop‐2+CD24− and CD49f+Trop‐2+CD24+). Although cells from the two subsets gave rise to similar basal colonies, qPCR of primary tissue revealed that higher levels of basal marker expression were detected in the CD49f+Trop‐2+CD24− subset. Immunofluorescence analysis showed a prominent expression of CD24 by luminal and basal cells.CONCLUSIONSSubsets with distinct differentiation capacities within the basal epithelium (CD49f+Trop‐2+CD24− and CD49f+Trop‐2+CD24+) can be distinguished in human prostate. CD24 is a marker expressed on the basal transit‐amplifying cells (transition cells) and may play a role in the differentiation and migration of ES/P cells to the luminal layer. The knowledge of this mechanism is of relevance for treatment of both diseases. Prostate 73: 1576–1590, 2013 © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modeling and dynamic analysis of the worm‐like part of an innovative robot applicable in colonoscopy
Authors: Naderi N. , Najarian S. , Hosseinali A. , Karevan H. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe pathological conditions of the human colon may lead to cancer of the colon, which is one of the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Colonoscopy is the best diagnostic technique that can be used in colon cancer detection. However, many people do not accept this method due to the unpleasant experience, i.e. if it is not performed under sedation. As a result, changing the conventional colonoscopy into a robotic procedure seems beneficial.MethodsIn this work, a semi‐autonomous device capable of propelling itself along the flexible environment has been introduced. This robot is capable of advancing along intestinal turns such as the turn between the transverse and descending colon. Control of the robot's worm‐like part has been investigated via dynamic simulations as well as computer programming.ResultsThe simulations resulted in workspace analysis of the robot. A prototype of the robot verified the performance of the computer program.ConclusionThe real model revealed the applicability of the method in controlling cable‐driven worm‐like mechanisms. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A weighted random forests approach to improve predictive performance
Authors: Winham Stacey J. , Freimuth Robert R. , Biernacka Joanna M. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIdentifying genetic variants associated with complex disease in high‐dimensional data is a challenging problem, and complicated etiologies such as gene–gene interactions are often ignored in analyses. The data‐mining method random forests (RF) can handle high dimensions; however, in high‐dimensional data, RF is not an effective filter for identifying risk factors associated with the disease trait via complex genetic models such as gene–gene interactions without strong marginal components. In this article we propose an extension called weighted random forests (wRF), which incorporates tree‐level weights to emphasize more accurate trees in prediction and calculation of variable importance. We demonstrate through simulation and application to data from a genetic study of addiction that wRF can outperform RF in high‐dimensional data, although the improvements are modest and limited to situations with effect sizes that are larger than what is realistic in genetics of complex disease. Thus, the current implementation of wRF is unlikely to improve detection of relevant predictors in high‐dimensional genetic data, but may be applicable in other situations where larger effect sizes are anticipated. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining, 2013
Mechanical Stretch Upregulates SDF-1α in Skin Tissue and Induces Migration of Circulating Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells into the Expanded Skin
Authors: Zhou Shuang-Bai , Wang Jing , Chiang Cheng-An , Sheng Ling-Ling , Li Qing-Feng 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT
Background: Skin and soft tissue expansion is a procedure that stimulates skin regeneration by applying continuous mechanical stretching of normal donor skin for reconstruction purposes. We have reported that topical transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can accelerate mechanical stretch induced skin regeneration. However, it is unclear how circulating MSCs respond to mechanical stretch in skin tissue. Methods: MSCs from luciferase-Tg Lewis rats were transplanted into a rat tissue expansion model and tracked in vivo by luminescence imaging. Expression levels of chemokines including macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine, cutaneous T-cell attracting chemokine, and stromal-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) were elevated in mechanically stretched tissues, as were their related chemokine receptors in MSCs. Chemotactic assays were conducted in vitro and in vivo to assess the impact of chemokine expression on MSC migration. Results: MSC migration was observed in mechanically stretched skin. Mechanical stretching induced temporal upregulation of chemokine expression. Among all the tested chemokines, SDF-1α showed the most significant increase in stretched skin, suggesting a strong connection to migration of MSCs. The in vitro chemotactic assay showed that conditioned medium from mechanically stretched cells induced MSC migration, which could be blocked with the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100, as effectively as medium containing 50 ng/ml rat recombinant SDF-1α. Results from in vivo study also showed that MSC migration to mechanically stretched skin was significantly blocked by AMD3100. Moreover, migrating MSCs expressed differentiation markers, suggesting a contribution of MSCs to skin regeneration through differentiation. Conclusion: Mechanical stretching can upregulate SDF-1α in skin and recruit circulating MSCs through the SDF-1α/CXCR4 pathway. Stem Cells 2013;31:2703–2713
Activation of MAPK pathways and downstream transcription factors in 2‐aminobiphenyl‐induced apoptosis
Authors: Chen Lei‐Chin , Chueh Tsung‐Cheng , Tuan Yen‐Fan , Chen Chien‐Cheng , Chien Chih‐Ching , Lee Huey‐Yin , Chen Ssu‐Ching 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT2‐Aminobiphenyls (2‐ABP) induces oxidative DNA damage and leads to apoptosis. The precise signaling pathways of inducing apoptosis in vitro are still unknown. This study provides insight into the relationship between 2‐ABP‐induced apoptosis and the activation of MAPK and downstream transcription factors using pharmacological inhibitors of ERK, p38, and JNK pathways. Results showed that 2‐ABP induced the activation of ERK and JNK but not p38. The ERK/JNK pathways downstream transcription factors, c‐Jun and ATF‐2, were also activated by 2‐ABP. The inhibitory effects of ERK inhibitor, U0126, on 2‐ABP‐induced caspase‐3 activity were not detected. However, JNK inhibitor, SP600125, significantly attenuated the caspase‐3 activity induced by 2‐ABP. The expression of the transcription factors c‐Jun and ATF‐2 were decreased in 2‐ABP treated cells in the presence of ERK/JNK inhibitors, suggesting that the expression of ERK/JNK pathways leads to the downstream activation of c‐Jun and ATF‐2. N‐acetylcysteine, an ROS scavenger, inhibited 2‐ABP‐induced activation of ERK and JNK, the cell death and caspase‐3 activity, which suggested that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in apoptosis through activation of caspase‐3 in a ROS/JNK‐dependent signaling cascade. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 205–211, 2015.
Humic acid induces the endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation at Ser1177 and Thr495 Via Hsp90α and Hsp90β upregulation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Tanaka Masato , Miyajima Miki , Hishioka Naoko , Nishimura Ryo , Kihara Yusuke , Hosokawa Toshiyuki , Kurasaki Masaaki , Tanaka Shunitz , Saito Takeshi 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTHumic acid (HA) has been implicated as a contributory factor for blackfoot disease, which is an endemic peripheral vascular disease. We investigated the effect of HA on the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to evaluate the involvement of eNOS and related factors in peripheral vascular impairment with HA exposure. Treatment of HUVECs with HA induced upregulation of eNOS. This result coincides with those of previous studies. Furthermore this is the first study to report that HA induces upregulation of heat shock protein (Hsp)90α, Hsp90β, eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177, and eNOS phosphorylation at Thr495, as compared to that in the control. In contrast, treatment with BAPTA, an intracellular Ca2+ chelator, inhibited upregulation of these proteins induced by HA. This study demonstrates that HA treatment leads to increases in both Hsp90α and Hsp90β proteins and indicates that Hsp90α leads to eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 and that Hsp90β leads to eNOS phosphorylation at Thr495, respectively. Upregulation of eNOS, Hsp90α, and Hsp90β in HUVECs is regulated by intracellular Ca2+ accumulation induced by HA. These results suggest that upregulation of eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 and eNOS phosphorylation at Thr495 produce NO and superoxide anions, respectively, resulting in generation of peroxynitrite, which causes impairment of vascular endothelial cells. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 223–231, 2015.
Effect of Ancillary Ligands in Hydrolysis of 1,8‐Naphthalic Anhydride for Synthesis of Metallacycles of Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+
Authors: Nath Jayanta K. , Lan Yanhua , Powell Annie K. , Baruah Jubaraj B. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDi‐, tetra‐ and hexanuclear metallacycles of Zn2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ prepared by ring‐opening reactions of 1,8‐naphthalic anhydride with corresponding metal acetate in the presence of 2,2′‐bipyridine or 1,10‐phenanthroline, namely [Co4(bpy)4(naphDA)4(H2O)4]·12H2O (I), [Co6(phn)6(naphDA)6(H2O)12]·20H2O (II), [Ni6(phn)6(naphDA)6(H2O)12]·20H2O (III), [Zn4(bpy)4(naphDA)4(H2O)4]·2H2O (IV), and [Zn2(phn)2(naphDA)2(H2O)2]·H2O (V) (H2naphDA = 1,8‐naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine, phn = 1,10‐phenanthroline) were structurally characterized. In the case of the reaction of nickel(II) acetate with 1,8‐naphthalic anhydride in the presence of bpy a mononuclear complex [Ni(bpy)(naphDA)(H2O)3]·H2O (VI) was observed. Both the Co2+‐metallacycles on heating to 420 °C resulted in the formation of CoO. The magnetic properties of the metallacycles containing Co2+ and Ni2+ ions were investigated. Dominant antiferromagnetic interactions in the tetra‐ and hexanuclear Co2+‐metallacycles were observed. The hexanuclear Ni2+‐metallacycle III with a spin state S = 3 showed intramolecular ferromagnetic interactions. For the metallacycle III, the magnetic susceptibility data above 50 K could be reproduced with the parameters of g = 2.26 and JNi–Ni = +1.2 cm–1 using single J‐model based on Hamiltonian H = –2J (S1·S2 + S2·S3 + S3·S4 + S4·S5 + S5·S6 + S6·S1).
278 – The Effects of Preoperative Psychological Status on the Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Following Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Yu L. , Chen S. , Huang M. , Chen B. , Fang X. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is the most common postoperative complication after gynecological laparoscopic surgery. It is unknown whether the occurrence of PONV is associated with the preoperative psychological status.Objectives:To explore the effects of preoperative psychological status on the incidence of PONV following gynecological laparoscopic surgery.Aims:To analyze the possible risk factors in order to prevent and treat PONV after gynecological laparoscopic surgery.Methods:101 cases patients who underwent gynecological laparoscopic surgery were enrolled. Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to assess the preoperative psychological state. Visual analog scale nausea (NVAS) was used to evaluate the occurrence of PONY within the postoperative 24 hours.Results:101 patients completed NVAS and 72 patients completed SAS and SDS. The incidence of PONV was 45.5%. The standard score of SAS (49.14±8.01) in PONV group was significantly higher than that in Non-PONV group (44.54±7.58) t=2.505, P < 0.05. The ratio of preoperative anxiety patients(SAS≥50) in PONV group(57%) was higher than that in Non-PONV group (30%) (χ2=5.513, P < 0.05). It showed that the occurrence of PONV was positively correlated with preoperative anxiety (r=0.277, P < 0.05). There was no difference in the scores of SDS between two groups. No correlation was found between PONV and preoperative depression.Conclusions:Higher level of anxiety before surgery may increase the risk of PONV. The patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery should reduce the level of anxiety with appropriate psychological counseling or prophylactic anti-anxiety drugs.
317 – A Survey of Post-schizophrenic Depression and The Impact of Demographic Factors on the Patients in Tabriz
Authors: Rezaei Ghalechi E. , Kazemi R. , Yaghoubi M. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Schizophrenia is one of the important diseases of mental illnesses.Objectives:Determining the impact of demographic factors on the depression intensity and the type of schizophrenia on the depression intensity is important in this research.Aim:Our goals are determining the rate of post-schizophrenic incident in hospitalized patients.Methods:The present study is an analytical prospective one. We selected 187 patients suffering from chronic schizophrenia and completed the demographic questionnaire and Beck depression test and analyzed the data using the statistical software SPSS and the descriptive statistics (frequency-percent) and the deductive statistics (Chi square-variance analysis). P value< 0.05 is assumed meaningful.Results:The average age of the patients was 38.3+10.1and %46.6 of them suffered from depression, among whom %50 of the females %71.8 of the males suffered from depressio. Considering P=0.162. The relation between the patient's age and the depression intensity was P=0.07, marital status was P=0.09,the different levels of education was P=0.3,the residence was P=0.5,and the previous record of depression was P=0.5. Tthere was a previous record of depression with P= 0.002 and the relation of schizophrenia among the nearest relatives was P=0.7 the record of depression in the nearest relatives was P=0.4 the age was P=0.065 hospitalization with P=0.42 and suicide with P=0.18 also the relation between the schizophrenia type with the depression intensity was P= 0.346.Conclusion:Our study showed that just the relation between the patient's age and the depression intensity, a previous record of depression patients and suicide whose relations with depression intensity were meaningful.
346 – Psychosocial Profile and Academic Achievement in a Selective Sample of Preparatory School Students
Authors: Eid H.F. , Sadek M.N.E. , Arafa M.E. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:School and academic performance are considered highly complex outcome. The pupil's intellectual capacities intervene, and other types of influencing factors can hinder or boost school performance. Aim of the work: To assess psychosocial variables including self-esteem, depression, anxiety symptoms and academic achievement in a selective sample of preparatory school students.Participants:This is a school based cross sectional study. The sample consisted of all students in the preparatory stage in a private school of both sexes, age ranged from 12–15 years. The sample was divided according to the academic performance of the student based on the overall grade of each student at the end of the school year into: Insufficient < 60%, Sufficient 60–70%, Good 70–80% and Very good >80%.Method:All students were given a questionnaire to assess personal data, family background, past history of medical or psychiatric condition, scholastic achievement and psychometric tools: including Porteus maze, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory, Children Depression Inventory (CDI) and, the Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale.Results:The higher the grades of students, the higher the level of anxiety and this was statistically significant. Girls had higher levels of anxiety than boys and this reached a statistically significant difference. There was significant correlation between depression and academic achievement of students. Self-esteem was significantly correlated with academic achievement.Conclusion:Depression has a significant role in academic performance of adolescents. Self-esteem of adolescents is highly related to their academic achievement.
348 – Psychiatric Disorders and Comorbid Psychoactive Substance Abuse in Inpatients Admitted for Alcohol Detoxification in Liverpool, UK
Authors: Kundi P.S. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Alcohol abuse and dependence commonly exist with other psychiatric conditions and people who are dependent on alcohol have a higher probability of abusing other psychoactive substances. This can affect the prognosis of psychiatric disorders and also puts services under pressure.Objective:The primary aim was to look into the incidence of psychiatric illnesses and comorbid use of other psychoactive substances amongst patients in an inpatient alcohol detoxification centre.Methodology:The study was cross-sectional survey. Data was collected from 100 consecutive inpatients admitted for alcohol detoxification in the unit in 2010. Data was collected from clinical records of the patients and we looked at demographics, daily alcohol consumption at the time of admission, incidence of psychiatric problems, use of other psychoactive substances and current episodes and history of delirium tremens and alcohol-related seizures.Results:Depression was present in 35% of patients, Psychotic illness was present in 10% patients, 5% of patients were diagnosed with Bipolar Affective Disorder and 6% had a diagnosis of Personality Disorders. There was a past history of Deliberate Self- harm in 36% of patients. As far as comorbid psychoactive substance misuse is concerned, 42% admitted using regular Cannabis, 12% were dependent on Opiates and 11% were using Cocaine.Conclusion:This study reveals that comorbidity of psychiatric illnesses and other psychoactive substance misuse is high amongst patients dependent on alcohol. There appears to be a clear relationship between these two and further research is needed to investigate if the relationship is just causal or just an association.
349 – Depression among Elderly in Beni Suef City (Upper Egypt)
Authors: Dessoki H. , El Sharbrawy E. , Tahlawy E. 
Published: July 2013

Background:Depression is a common mental health problem among elderly persons, about 10–15% of elderly suffers depressive symptoms.Objectives:To find out the prevalence of depression among geriatrics living in geriatric homes versus those in clubs (living in home with their families), to detect the underlying risk factors of depression.Subjects and methods:In Beni Suef city there are three geriatric homes where the elderly are completely living away from their families, besides one geriatric club where the elderly people enjoy their daytime (there are two other clubs were inactive and under establishment), all the elderly above 60 years: males and females in geriatric homes and those attending the geriatric club were included (145) during the period (December 2008 – October 2009). Those who can not communicate and answer the questionnaire were excluded. Data collection tools were a pretested questionnaire besides, Geriatric Depression Scale and Life Satisfaction Scale and Facing Daily Stressful Live Events Scale- Arabic version-. Appropriate statistical analysis was applied.Results:Depression among elderly living in geriatric homes was higher (89.7%) in comparison to those in geriatric clubs (56.7%) i.e. living with their families (the difference was significant). Chronic medical conditions are not considered as a risk of depression among elderly. So it is recommended to strengthen social relationships and activities besides encouraging visiting geriatric homes either by related families or the civil societies and this is an important key in preventing depression.