bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What mechanism of niche segregation allows the coexistence of sympatric sibling rhinolophid bats?
Authors: Salsamendi Egoitz , Garin Inazio , Arostegui Inmaculada , Goiti Urtzi , Aihartza Joxerra 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIntroductionOur purpose was to assess how pairs of sibling horseshoe bats coexists when their morphology and echolocation are almost identical. We collected data on echolocation, wing morphology, diet, and habitat use of sympatricRhinolophus mehelyiandR.euryale. We compared our results with literature data collected in allopatry with similar protocols and at the same time of the year (breeding season).ResultsEcholocation frequencies recorded in sympatry forR.mehelyi(mean = 106.8 kHz) andR.euryale(105.1 kHz) were similar to those reported in allopatry (R.mehelyi105–111 kHz;R.euryale101–109 kHz). Wing parameters were larger inR.mehelyithanR.euryalefor both sympatric and allopatric conditions. Moths constitute the bulk of the diet of both species in sympatry and allopatry, with minor variation in the amounts of other prey. There were no inter-specific differences in the use of foraging habitats in allopatry in terms of structural complexity, however we found inter-specific differences between sympatric populations:R.mehelyiforaged in less complex habitats. The subtle inter-specific differences in echolocation frequency seems to be unlikely to facilitate dietary niche partitioning; overall divergences observed in diet may be explained as a consequence of differential prey availability among foraging habitats. Inter-specific differences in the use of foraging habitats in sympatry seems to be the main dimension for niche partitioning betweenR.mehelyiandR.euryale, probably due to letter differences in wing morphology.ConclusionsCoexistence between sympatric sibling horseshoe bats is likely allowed by a displacement in spatial niche dimension, presumably due to the wing morphology of each species, and shifts the niche domains that minimise competition. Effective measures for conservation of sibling/similar horseshoe bats should guarantee structural diversity of foraging habitats.
Pleomorphic lipoma lacking mature fat component in extensive myxoid stroma: a great diagnostic challenge
Authors: Lin Xu-Yong , Wang Yan , Liu Yang , Sun Ying , Miao Yuan , Zhang Yong , Yu Juan-Han , Wang En-Hua 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

Abstract
Pleomorphic lipoma is a relatively uncommon entity, and is considered as a variant of spindle cell lipoma. Histologically, spindle cell lipoma/pleomorphic lipoma consists of varying quantity of mature fat, bland spindle cells and ropey collagen. In addition, pleomorphic lipoma is characterized by multinucleate giant cells, which possess the “floret-like” nuclei and marked pleomorphism. So, in contrast to spindle cell lipoma, pleomorphic lipoma is more easily misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor. Herein, we report a peculiar case of pleomorphic lipoma occurring in axilla with entirely devoid of mature fat in a 71-year-old male. The histopathological findings demonstrated the tumor was made up of bland spindle cells admixed with scattered “floret-like” cells and irregular ropey collagen in an extensive myxoid stroma. Immunostaining showed that the tumor was positive for the Vimentin, Bcl-2 and CD34, and was negative for S-100, desmin, CD68, and α–SMA. Although no fat component was found in the whole section, the tumor was still diagnosed as a pelomprphic lipoma. To our knowledge, this is the third reported case of pelomprphic lipoma which entirely lacked lipomatous component. Because of the existence of atypical multinucleate giant cells and lack of mature fat, this tumor may be easily misdiagnosed nonlipomatous lesions, such as myxoid fibrosarcoma, giant cell fibroblastoma.
So, it is necessary to pay careful attention to the histological spectrum of pleomorphic lipoma, including the tumor with devoid of fat, and it should be kept in mind that pelomprphic lipoma still can be diagnosed even if lacking lipomatous component.

Virtual slides
The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here:http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1967123180611361
Safe thyroidectomy with intraoperative methylene blue spraying
Authors: Sari Serkan , Aysan Erhan , Muslumanoglu Mahmut , Ersoy Yeliz E , Bektasoglu Huseyin , Yardimci Erkan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to minimalize operative complications by spraying of methylene blue stain on thyroid glands and the perithyroidal area.Material and methodsThe intra-operative methylene blue spraying technique was used prospectively on a total of 56 patients who had undergone primary (not recurrent) thyroid surgery for a variety of thyroid diseases. Bilateral total thyroidectomy was performed in all cases. After superior but before inferior pole ligation, 0.5ml of methylene blue was sprayed over the thyroid lobe and perilober area. Tissues, especially parathyroides, the recurrent laryngeal nerve, and the inferior thyroid artery, were identified and evaluated.ResultsRecurrent laryngeal nerve and arteries were not stained and thus they remained white in all cases while all other tissues were stained blue. Within three minutes parathyroid glands washed out the blue stain and the original yellow color was regained. Thyroid tissue wash-out time was not less than 15 minutes; perithyroideal muscles, tendinous and lipoid structures took no less than 25 minutes.ConclusionThe safety of intravascular methylene blue guidance on thyroid surgery is known. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of the spraying technique, a new technique which ensures not only identification of parathyroid glands within three minutes, but also identification of recurrent laryngeal nerves and inferior thyroid arteries.
The effect of patients' preference on outcome in the EVerT cryotherapy versus salicylic acid for the treatment of plantar warts (verruca) trial
Authors: Cockayne Sarah , Hicks Kate , Kangombe Arthur R , Hewitt Catherine , Concannon Michael , Thomas Kim , Hashmi Farina , McIntosh Caroline , Brierley Gwen , Torgerson David , Watt Ian 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackgroundRandomised controlled trials are widely accepted as the gold standard method to evaluate medical interventions, but they are still open to bias. One such bias is the effect of patient's preference on outcome measures. The aims of this study were to examine whether patients' treatment preference affected clearance of plantar warts and explore whether there were any associations between patients' treatment preference and baseline variables in the EverT trial.MethodsTwo hundred and forty patients were recruited from University podiatry schools, NHS podiatry clinics and primary care. Patients were aged 12 years and over and had at least one plantar wart which was suitable for treatment with salicylic acid and cryotherapy. Patients were asked their treatment preference prior to randomisation. The Kruskal‐Wallis test was performed to test the association between preference group and continuous baseline variables. The Fisher's exact test was performed to test the association between preference group and categorical baseline variables. A logistic regression analysis was undertaken with verruca clearance (yes or no) as the dependent variable and treatment, age, type of verruca, previous treatment, treatment preference as independent variables. Two analyses were undertaken, one using the health professional reported outcome and one using the patient's self reported outcomes. Data on whether the patient found it necessary to stop the treatment to which they had been allocated and whether they started another treatment were summarised by treatment group.ResultsPre‐randomisation preferences were: 10% for salicylic acid; 42% for cryotherapy and 48% no treatment preference. There was no evidence of an association between treatment preference group and either patient (p=0.95) or healthcare professional (p=0.46) reported verruca clearance rates. There was no evidence of an association between preference group and any of the baseline variables except gender, with more females expressing a preference for salicylic acid (p=0.004). There was no evidence that the number of times salicylic acid was applied was different between the preference groups at one week (p=0.89) or at three weeks (p=0.24). Similarly, for the number of clinic visits for cryotherapy (p=0.71)ConclusionsThis secondary analysis showed no evidence to suggest that patients' baseline preferences affected verruca clearance rates or adherence with the treatment.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN18994246 and National Research Register N0484189151
Early re-presentations and the potential role of catheter-directed thrombolysis in patients diagnosed with a lower limb deep vein thrombosis: a single-centre experience
Authors: Chandra E , Ahmadi M , Bailey M A , Griffin K J , Berridge D C , Coughlin P A , Scott D J A 
Published: November 2012

Introduction Catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) for iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) restores venous patency, reduces the risk of the post-thrombotic syndrome and may reduce longer term treatment costs. This study assessed the potential role of CDT in patients with DVT with regard to representation following the index event. Methods A retrospective review of all patients with a positive lower limb DVT scan. Potential suitability of each patient to undergo CDT was based on well-recognized inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results In total, 1689 patients underwent a DVT-specific lower limb venous duplex. A total of 269 were found to have a DVT. Fifty-three of these patients met the inclusion criteria for CDT (only 2 underwent CDT). Fifty-nine of the 269 patients with an index DVT re-presented to our institution with a venous thromboembolism-related clinical event. These patients were significantly younger than those who did not reattend. A higher proportion of patients who represented were deemed suitable for CDT for the index DVT compared with those who did not represent (17/59 versus 36/210; P = 0.04). Conclusion This pragmatic study highlights the fact that significant number of patients return to secondary care with actual/perceived complications following initial diagnosis and treatment of a DVT which may have been amenable to CDT.
A‘country boy’ migrates to Brixton – re-examining agency, identity and memory in and through Black Joy
Authors: Shaw Sally 
Published: November 2012

Focused on the British film Black Joy (Simmons, 1977), this article draws on archival material and recent interviews with both Jamal Ali, the radical black poet-playwright who wrote the heavily autobiographical screenplay for the film – concerned with the travails of Benjamin,
a young man who has migrated from Guyana to Brixton (London) – and members of the public who saw the film on its London release. The aim is to argue that the making, marketing and subsequent reception of Black Joy reveal much about notions of creative agency, diasporic identities
and cultural memory. Director Anthony Simmons’ intention to ‘show the reality of life in an immigrant area’ meant that the screening of Black Joy was eagerly anticipated by local black cinema audiences who, however, had also seen Black Joy’s figure of the migrant ‘country
boy’ in the Jamaican film The Harder They Come (Henzell, 1972). Thus, as this article goes on to demonstrate these black audiences compared the ‘authenticity’ of diasporic representations in both films and found Black Joy problematical; the ensuing negative responses
to Simmons’ film, in the black community and the black radical press, lead to Ali being shunned by his community. Ultimately,this article explores the hidden history of Black Joy, which reveals a struggle over notions of ‘home’ in both the process of its making and its reception
by blacks.
REVIEWS
Authors: Kenyon Alexandra J. , Lashley Conrad , Thomassen Lasse 
Published: November 2012

ALCOHOL, DRINKING, DRUNKENNESS: (DIS)ORDERLY SPACES, MARK JAYNE, GILL VALENTINE AND SARAH L. HOLLOWAY (2012)Surrey: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 168 pp.,ISBN: 9780754671602, p/bk, £50
THE THREE LEVELS OF SUSTAINABILITY, ELENA CAVAGNARO AND GEORGE CURIEL (2012) Sheffield: Greenleaf
Publishing, 328 pp.,ISBN: 978 1 906093 68 6, p/bk, £21.95
DERRIDA AND HOSPITALITY: THEORY AND PRACTICE, JUDITH STILL (2010) Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, vii + 294 pp.,ISBN 978-0-74864-027-0, h/bk, £75
Politische Philosophie des Judentums und Globalisierung
Authors: Brumlik Micha 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Is rabbinic Judaism as a religious philosophy basically critical of the state as a form of human life? Does it contain an ethics of cohabitation with non-Jews? The paper argues that rabbinical Judaism is essentially in favor of states, but against a special Jewish state. The rabbinic principle “Dina de Malkhut Dina” (“The law of the Kingdom is valid and binding”) combined with the universalistic principles of the “noahidic covenant” is the adequate formula for statehood in the era of globalization. Concerning modern Jewish philosophy the paper argues that Leo Strauss fulfills the requirements of a political philosophy, while the thought of Emmanuel Levinas remains in the moral domain.
NANOGP8: Evolution of a Human-Specific Retro-Oncogene
Authors: Fairbanks Daniel J , Fairbanks Aaron D , Ogden T Heath , Parker Glendon J , Maughan Peter J 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
NANOGP8 is a human (Homo sapiens) retrogene, expressed predominantly in cancer cells where its protein product is tumorigenic. It arose through retrotransposition from its parent gene, NANOG, which is expressed predominantly in embryonic stem cells. Based on identification of fixed and polymorphic variants in a genetically diverse set of human NANOG and NANOGP8 sequences, we estimated the evolutionary origin of NANOGP8 at approximately 0.9 to 2.5 million years ago, more recent than previously estimated. We also discovered that NANOGP8 arose from a derived variant allele of NANOG containing a 22-nucleotide pair deletion in the 3′ UTR, which has remained polymorphic in modern humans. Evidence from our experiments indicates that NANOGP8 is fixed in modern humans even though its parent allele is polymorphic. The presence of NANOGP8-specific sequences in Neanderthal reads provided definitive evidence that NANOGP8 is also present in the Neanderthal genome. Some variants between the reference sequences of NANOG and NANOGP8 utilized in cancer research to distinguish RT-PCR products are polymorphic within NANOG or NANOGP8 and thus are not universally reliable as distinguishing features. NANOGP8 was inserted in reverse orientation into the LTR region of an SVA retroelement that arose in a human-chimpanzee-gorilla common ancestor after divergence of the orangutan ancestral lineage. Transcription factor binding sites within and beyond this LTR may promote expression of NANOGP8 in cancer cells, although current evidence is inferential. The fact that NANOGP8 is a human-specific retro-oncogene may partially explain the higher genetic predisposition for cancer in humans compared with other primates.
Evidence for Autoregulation and Cell Signaling Pathway Regulation From Genome-Wide Binding of theDrosophilaRetinoblastoma Protein
Authors: Acharya Pankaj , Negre Nicolas , Johnston John , Wei Yiliang , White Kevin P , Henry R William , Arnosti David N 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor protein is a transcriptional cofactor with essential roles in cell cycle and development. Physical and functional targets of RB and its paralogs p107/p130 have been studied largely in cultured cells, but the full biological context of this family of proteins’ activities will likely be revealed only in whole organismal studies. To identify direct targets of the major Drosophila RB counterpart in a developmental context, we carried out ChIP-Seq analysis of Rbf1 in the embryo. The association of the protein with promoters is developmentally controlled; early promoter access is globally inhibited, whereas later in development Rbf1 is found to associate with promoter-proximal regions of approximately 2000 genes. In addition to conserved cell-cycle–related genes, a wholly unexpected finding was that Rbf1 targets many components of the insulin, Hippo, JAK/STAT, Notch, and other conserved signaling pathways. Rbf1 may thus directly affect output of these essential growth-control and differentiation pathways by regulation of expression of receptors, kinases and downstream effectors. Rbf1 was also found to target multiple levels of its own regulatory hierarchy. Bioinformatic analysis indicates that different classes of genes exhibit distinct constellations of motifs associated with the Rbf1-bound regions, suggesting that the context of Rbf1 recruitment may vary within the Rbf1 regulon. Many of these targeted genes are bound by Rbf1 homologs in human cells, indicating that a conserved role of RB proteins may be to adjust the set point of interlinked signaling networks essential for growth and development.
Timing of the Introduction of Complementary Foods in Infancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jonsdottir Olof H. , Thorsdottir Inga , Hibberd Patricia L. , Fewtrell Mary S. , Wells Jonathan C. , Palsson Gestur I. , Lucas Alan , Gunnlaugsson Geir , Kleinman Ronald E. 
Published: November 2012

OBJECTIVE:
To increase knowledge on iron status and growth during the first 6 months of life. We hypothesized that iron status would be better in infants who received complementary foods in addition to breast milk compared with those exclusively breastfed.

METHODS:
One hundred nineteen healthy term (≥37 weeks) singleton infants were randomly assigned to receive either complementary foods in addition to breast milk from age 4 months (CF) or to exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months (EBF). Dietary data were collected by 3-day weighed food records, and data on iron status and growth were also collected.

RESULTS:
One hundred infants (84%) completed the trial. Infants in the CF group had higher mean serum ferritin levels at 6 months (P = .02), which remained significant when adjusted for baseline characteristics. No difference was seen between groups in iron deficiency anemia, iron deficiency, or iron depletion. The average daily energy intake from complementary foods of 5-month-olds in the CF group was 36.8 kJ per kg body weight. Infants in both groups grew at the same rate between 4 and 6 months of age.

CONCLUSIONS:
In a high-income country, adding a small amount of complementary food in addition to breast milk to infants’ diets from 4 months of age does not affect growth rate between 4 and 6 months, but has a small and positive effect on iron status at 6 months. The biological importance of this finding remains to be determined.
Effects of long-term occlusal hypofunction and its recovery on the morphogenesis of molar roots and the periodontium in rats
Authors: Motokawa Masahide , Terao Akiko , Karadeniz Ersan I. , Kaku Masato , Kawata Toshitsugu , Matsuda Yayoi , Gonzales Carmen , Darendeliler M. Ali , Tanne Kazuo 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To investigate the effects of long-term, artificially created, hypofunctional occlusion and its recovery on the morphology of rat molar roots.

Material and Methods:
Eighteen 5-week-old Wistar-strain male rats were randomly divided according to their periodontal conditions into normal, hypofunctional, and recovery groups (n  =  6 in each). In the experimental hypofunctional and recovery groups, a bite-raising appliance was set to produce hypofunction at the molar region. All groups were analyzed at 16 weeks of age using three-dimensional micro-computed tomography. Root length, width, and area as well as the thickness and the area of the periodontal ligament (PDL) space of the maxillary first molar were calculated.

Results:
Roots were longer and narrower in the hypofunctional group than in the control group. The mesial root in particular showed a dramatic change. Root area also decreased significantly in the hypofunctional group compared to the other groups. Moreover, the PDL thickness and area decreased significantly in the hypofunctional group compared to the control group, but increased in the recovery group compared to the hypofunctional group.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest that root size and PDL structure may be reduced due to disuse atrophy resulting from a defect in occlusal function, but may be recovered following a gain of occlusal stimuli.
The influence of market and entrepreneurial orientation on strategic marketing choices: the cases of Dutch farmers and horticultural growers
Authors: Verhees Frans J.H.M. , Lans Thomas , Verstegen Jos A.A.M. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Farmers and horticultural growers are expected by society to increase production to meet the demand for food and other agricultural produce, and, simultaneously, reduce negative effects on the physical and social environment. Whether farmers and horticultural growers choose to develop their businesses this way, is not clear. A market orientation (MO) and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of farmers and horticultural growers is propagated to increase farm profitability and stimulate the economic vigour of rural areas. An MO is a firm owners’ belief that the best way to achieve the firm’s objectives is to satisfy customers more effective and efficient than competitors do. An EO is a firm owners’ willingness to innovate to rejuvenate market offerings, take risks to try out new and uncertain products, services and markets, and be more proactive than competitors towards new marketplace opportunities. However, it is not clear how MO and EO influence farmers’ and horticultural growers’ choices about how to develop their business. In this study a model is developed with hypotheses about the influence of EO and MO on strategic marketing choices of farmers. The model is tested on a sample of 588 Dutch farmers and horticultural growers. Four strategic groups were identified. A strategic group is a group of firms that have made similar choices about how to develop their business. Results show that higher levels of EO and MO are found in strategic groups that emphasise cooperating with buyers, increasing prices, and starting new activities. Lower levels of EO and MO are found in strategic groups that emphasize reducing costs and decreasing debts. EO and MO, however, have different influences on individual elements of strategy.