bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic analyses of early peri-implant bone healing in humans: a systematic review
Authors: Shanbhag Siddharth , Shanbhag Vivek , Stavropoulos Andreas 
Published: February 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to systematically review the literature for studies reporting gene expression analyses (GEA) of the biological processes involved in early human peri-implant bone healing.MethodsElectronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE) were searched in duplicate. Controlled and uncontrolled studies reporting GEA of human peri-implant tissues - including ≥5 patients and ≥2 time points - during the first 4 weeks of healing were eligible for inclusion. Methodological quality and risk of bias were also assessed.ResultsFour exploratory studies were included in reporting GEA of either tissues attached to SLA or SLActive implants after 4 to 14 days or cells attached to TiOBlast or Osseospeed implants after 3 to 7 days. A total of 111 implants from 43 patients were analyzed using validated array methods; however, considerable heterogeneity and risk of bias were detected. A consistent overall pattern of gene expression was observed; genes representing an immuno-inflammatory response were overexpressed at days 3 to 4, followed by genes representing osteogenic processes at day 7. Genes representing bone remodeling, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis were expressed concomitantly with osteogenesis. Several regulators of these processes, such as cytokines, growth factors, transcription factors, and signaling pathways, were identified. Implant surface properties seemed to influence the healing processes at various stages via differential gene expression.ConclusionLimited evidence from gene expression studies in humans indicates that osteogenic processes commence within the first post-operative week and they appear influenced at various stages by implant surface properties.
Minireview: Translocator Protein (TSPO) and Steroidogenesis: A Reappraisal
Authors: Selvaraj Vimal , Stocco Douglas M. , Tu Lan N. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), also known as the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor, is a transmembrane protein in the outer mitochondrial membrane. TSPO has long been described as being indispensable for mitochondrial cholesterol import that is essential for steroid hormone production. In contrast to this initial proposition, recent experiments reexamining TSPO function have demonstrated that it is not involved in steroidogenesis. This fundamental change has forced a reexamination of the functional interpretations made for TSPO that broadly impacts both basic and clinical research across multiple fields. In this minireview, we recapitulate the key studies from 25 years of TSPO research and concurrently examine their limitations that perhaps led towards the incorrect association of TSPO and steroid hormone production. Although this shift in understanding raises new questions regarding the molecular function of TSPO, these recent developments are poised to have a significant positive impact for research progress in steroid endocrinology.
ELECTROSTATIC ION THRUSTERS - TOWARDS PREDICTIVE MODELING
Authors: Duras Julia , Kalentev Oleksander , Schneider Ralf , Matyash Konstantin , Lüskow Karl Felix , Geiser Jürgen 
Published: March 2015

For satellite missions, thrusters have to be qualified in large vacuum vessels to simulate space environment. One caveat of these experiments is the possible modification of the beam properties due to the interaction of the energetic ions with the vessel walls. Impinging ions can produce sputtered impurities or secondary electrons from the wall. These can stream back into the acceleration channel of the thruster and produce co-deposited layers. Over the long operation time of thousands of hours, such layers can modify the optimized geometry and induce changes of the ion beam properties, e.g. broadening of the angular distribution and thrust reduction. To study such effects, a Monte Carlo code for the simulation of the interaction of ion thruster beams with vessel walls was developed. Strategies to overcome sputter limitations by additional baffles are studied with the help of this Monte-Carlo erosion code.<br /><br />
Using Client-Centered Psychotherapy Embedded Within A Pluralistic Integrative Approach to Help a Client With Executive Dysfunction: The Case of "Judith"
Authors: Ward Tony , Hogan Kevin 
Published: March 2015

Executive dysfunction refers to a breakdown within a cluster of cognitive and behavioral processes that regulate, control, and manage the achievement of particular goals. Executive dysfunction can thus encompass problems like disinhibition, poor planning, impulsiveness and unproductive repetition. Previous reports in the literature have suggested that psychotherapy with clients affected by the condition can be complicated. This report consists of a case study on the successful use psychotherapy for "Judith," a 48-year-old client experiencing emotional disruption and affected by long standing executive difficulties due to a head injury sustained at work 10 years earlier who was seen in therapy by the first author (TW). Emotional well-being was assessed before and after a period of psychotherapy, using an ABA design, and appropriate single-case statistical techniques. The primary approach to the client’s issues was client-centered, but other problem-solving techniques were incorporated within a pluralistic framework and are described. The client’s reported well-being improved, and this improvement was statistically reliable and clinically significant. A previous report of therapy with a client with executive dysfunction suggested that the tendency to perseverate on particular negative thoughts can induce considerable distress in such clients. Judith's case study shows that while this might be a risk, it is possible to work successfully with at least some such clients, and to do so using a client-centered approach.
Brauer algebras of type B
Authors: Cohen Arjeh M. , Liu Shoumin 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
For each n ≥ 1, we define an algebra having many properties that one might
expect to hold for a Brauer algebra of type

B
n

${\rm B}_{n}$

. It is defined by
means of a presentation by generators and relations. We show that this
algebra is a subalgebra of the Brauer algebra of type

D

n
+
1

${\rm D}_{n+1}$

and point
out a cellular structure in it. This work is a natural sequel to the
introduction of Brauer algebras of type

C
n

${\rm C}_n$

, which are subalgebras of
classical Brauer algebras of type

A

2
n
-
1

${\rm A}_{2n-1}$

and differ from the current
ones for n > 2. A novel feature is the failure of admissible root sets to
describe the tops and bottoms of the diagrams corresponding to monomials in
the Brauer algebra of type

B
n

${\rm B}_{n}$

; instead of these sets we use extended admissible sets in order to find normal forms for monomials in the algebra.
Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment on the Solidification Microstructure of GCr15 Bearing Steel
Authors: Wang Jianjun , Shi Xiaofang , Chang Lizhong , Wang Haijun , Meng Lipeng 
Published: March 2015

AbstractUltrasonic treatment with various powers is introduced to liquid steel from the side wall of a mold during GCr15 steel solidification, and the effect of ultrasonic on the microstructure and properties of GCr15 steel is investigated. Results show that the columnar grains in the GCr15 steel are coarse and that the microstructure is inhomogeneous when ultrasonic is not applied on the liquid steel. A suitable power ultrasonic leads to the appearance of a large number of equiaxed grains and increases the uniformity of the microstructure. The segregation of alloy elements gradually decreases as the power increases from 0 W to 500 W. The maximum segregations of carbon and silicon decrease from 2.541 to 1.129 and 2.861 to 1.196, respectively. Given a power of 500 W, the statistical segregations of carbon and silicon decrease from 0.0964 to 0.0693 and 0.1152 to 0.1075, respectively. A further increase in ultrasonic power is not conducive for improving the element segregation. Ultrasonic treatment can remarkably refine the size of carbide and increase the uniformity of its distribution. When the powers are 0 W, 300 W, 500 W, 700 W, and 1,000 W, the average sizes of carbide are 14.63 μm, 2.96 μm, 3.05 μm, 3.72 μm, and 7.83 μm, respectively. The tensile strength, yield strength, and ductility and reduction of the area of the GCr15 bearing steel are correspondingly improved to varying degrees.
Flow and Heat Transfer of Powell–Eyring Fluid due to an Exponential Stretching Sheet with Heat Flux and Variable Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Megahed Ahmed M. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
An analysis was carried out to describe the problem of flow and heat transfer of Powell–Eyring fluid in boundary layers on an exponentially stretching continuous permeable surface with an exponential temperature distribution in the presence of heat flux and variable thermal conductivity. The governing partial differential equations describing the problem were transformed into a set of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations and then solved with a numerical technique using appropriate boundary conditions for various physical parameters. The numerical solution for the governing non-linear boundary value problem is based on applying the shooting method over the entire range of physical parameters. The effects of various parameters like the thermal conductivity parameter, suction parameter, dimensionless Powell–Eyring parameters and the Prandtl number on the flow and temperature profiles as well as on the local skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are presented and discussed. In this work, special attention was given to investigate the effect of the thermal conductivity parameter on the velocity and temperature fields above the sheet in the presence of heat flux. The numerical results were also validated with results from a previously published work on various special cases of the problem, and good agreements were seen.
Persistent negative illness perceptions despite long-term biochemical control of acromegaly: novel application of the drawing test
Authors: Tiemensma Jitske , Pereira Alberto M , Romijn Johannes A , Broadbent Elizabeth , Biermasz Nienke R , Kaptein Adrian A 
Published: February 2015

Context and objectivePatients with acromegaly have persistent complaints despite long-term biochemical control. Drawings can be used to assess patients' perceptions about their disease. We aimed to explore the utility of the drawing test and its relation to illness perceptions and quality of life (QoL) in patients after long-term remission of acromegaly.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the utility of the drawing test.MethodsA total of 50 patients after long-term remission (mean±s.e.m., 16±1.2 years) of acromegaly were included in this study. Patients completed the drawing test (two retrospective drawings of their body perception before acromegaly and during the active phase of acromegaly, and one drawing on the current condition after long-term remission), Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised, Physical Symptom Checklist, EuroQoL-5D, and AcroQoL.ResultsPatients perceived a dramatic change in body size during the active state of the disease compared with the healthy state before the awareness of acromegaly. Patients reported that their body did not completely return to the original proportions after long-term remission. In addition, larger drawings indicated more negative consequences (P<0.05), a higher score on emotional representations (P<0.05), and more perceived symptoms that were attributed to acromegaly (P<0.01). Larger drawings also indicated more impaired QoL, especially disease-specific QoL (all P<0.05).ConclusionThere are strong correlations among the drawing test, illness perceptions, and QoL. The drawing test appears to be a novel and relatively easy tool to assess the perception of patients after long-term remission of acromegaly. The assessment of drawings may enable health care providers to appreciate the perceptions of patients with long-term remission of acromegaly, and enable discussion of symptoms and remission.
Efficient Multiple-Trait Association and Estimation of Genetic Correlation Using the Matrix-Variate Linear Mixed Model
Authors: Furlotte Nicholas A , Eskin Eleazar 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMultiple-trait association mapping, in which multiple traits are used simultaneously in the identification of genetic variants affecting those traits, has recently attracted interest. One class of approaches for this problem builds on classical variance component methodology, utilizing a multitrait version of a linear mixed model. These approaches both increase power and provide insights into the genetic architecture of multiple traits. In particular, it is possible to estimate the genetic correlation, which is a measure of the portion of the total correlation between traits that is due to additive genetic effects. Unfortunately, the practical utility of these methods is limited since they are computationally intractable for large sample sizes. In this article, we introduce a reformulation of the multiple-trait association mapping approach by defining the matrix-variate linear mixed model. Our approach reduces the computational time necessary to perform maximum-likelihood inference in a multiple-trait model by utilizing a data transformation. By utilizing a well-studied human cohort, we show that our approach provides more than a 10-fold speedup, making multiple-trait association feasible in a large population cohort on the genome-wide scale. We take advantage of the efficiency of our approach to analyze gene expression data. By decomposing gene coexpression into a genetic and environmental component, we show that our method provides fundamental insights into the nature of coexpressed genes. An implementation of this method is available at http://genetics.cs.ucla.edu/mvLMM.
Unplanned Readmissions to Acute Care From a Pediatric Postacute Care Hospital: Incidence, Clinical Reasons, and Predictive Factors
Authors: O’Brien Jane E. , Dumas Helene M. , Nash Carol M. , Mekary Rania 
Published: March 2015

Objective:
To identify the incidence, clinical reasons, and predictive factors for unplanned readmissions to acute care from a pediatric postacute care hospital.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort analysis of all discharges between October 1, 2011, and September 30, 2013 (n = 298), in 1 pediatric postacute care hospital was conducted. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the incidence and assess the clinical reasons for all readmissions to an acute care hospital. Logistic regression was used to identify predictive factors of any unplanned readmission to an acute care hospital.

Results:
Thirty percent of all postacute care hospital discharges were unplanned readmissions to an acute care hospital. The primary clinical reasons for unplanned readmissions to acute care were respiratory decompensation (54%) and infection (20%). Requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, being &lt;1 year of age, and having a postacute care length of stay &lt;30 days were the 3 predictive factors.

Conclusions:
This is the first study to examine readmission to acute care from a postacute care hospital and to identify age, length of stay, and dependence on mechanical ventilation as predictive factors. Understanding which children are likely to require an unplanned readmission may allow providers to develop strategies to minimize this occurrence.
Improved Vitamin D Supplementation in Hospitalized Breastfed Infants Through Electronic Order Modification and Targeted Provider Education
Authors: Watnick Caroline S. , Binns Helen J. , Greenberg Robert S. 
Published: March 2015

Objective:To examine effectiveness of an intervention promoting vitamin D supplementation in hospitalized breastfed infants.Methods:Our urban tertiary care hospital instituted a 2-part intervention: brief education for providers on vitamin D guidelines and insertion of an opt-in order for vitamin D supplements into electronic admission order sets. Data downloads on admissions of patients aged &lt;1 year were obtained. We excluded those not breastfed, with a dietary restriction, or admitted to intensive care. Intervention effects were compared from 6 months postintervention to the 6 same months 1 year earlier. We applied χ2 and logistic regression, including the patient as a random effect to adjust for repeated admissions.Results:Data on 471 exclusively or partially breastfed admissions (441 infants) were analyzed (221 preintervention, 250 postintervention). Admission characteristics did not differ by period: 55.0% boys; 40.6% Medicaid; 63.7% hospitalized ≤2 days; 72.0% on a general medical service; 16.6% received nutritionist consultation. In-hospital vitamin D prescribing rates significantly increased postintervention (19.5% vs 44.4%; P &lt; .001). Postintervention admissions were more than twice as likely to receive vitamin D supplementation (adjusted odds ratio 2.3, 95% confidence interval 1.6–3.2). Other associated factors included vitamin D as a medication used before admission (adjusted odds ratio 14.3, 95% confidence interval 4.9–41.6), nutritionist consultation during admission, hospitalization ≥3 days, and admission to a general medical service. Prescribing of vitamin D at discharge increased significantly (9.0% vs 19.6%; P &lt; .001).Conclusions:Medical provider education and modification of electronic ordering templates significantly increased use of vitamin D supplementation in hospitalized breastfed infants.
Variation in Procedural Sedation Practices Among Children’s Hospitals
Authors: Srinivasan Mythili , Bhaskar Shobha , Carlson Douglas W. 
Published: March 2015

Background and Objective:
Children often need procedural sedation for painful procedures. There are few data on type of provider, site of sedation, and agents used for procedural sedation in hospitals across the nation. The objective was to determine procedural sedation practices for hospitalized children outside the PICU and emergency department.

Methods:
Surveys were sent to 89 pediatric hospitalist (PH) leaders in hospitals belonging to the Child Health Corporation of America or the National Association of Children’s Hospitals and Related Institutions.

Results:
We received responses from 56 PHs (63%), of whom 49 (55%) completed the survey. PHs provided sedation in 18 hospitals. Provider, setting, and agents used for procedural sedation varied. The primary providers of procedural sedation for abscess incision and drainage, renal biopsy, joint aspiration, computed tomography, and MRI were anesthesiologists. A significantly greater percentage of hospitals where PHs did not provide procedural sedation used the operating room for abscess incision and drainage compared with hospitals where PHs provided procedural sedation (63% vs 28%, respectively). Postoperative/abscess dressing change, vesicocystourethrogram, and ≥1 painful procedure were performed without sedation in significantly greater percentage of hospitals where PHs did not provide procedural sedation compared with hospitals where PHs provided procedural sedation.

Conclusions:
There is variability in sedation practices in hospitals across the nation, which affects patient care and use of resources such as the operating room. In hospitals where PHs provide procedural sedation, there is less operating room use and fewer painful procedures for which no sedation is provided.
A Highly Soluble Redox Shuttle with Superior Rate Performance in Overcharge Protection
Authors: Odom Susan A. , Kaur Aman , Ergun Selin , Elliott Corrine F. , Casselman Matthew D. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThe demand for a stable and compatible redox shuttles for use in lithium-ion batteries has prompted us to explore strategies to tune and improve the properties of redox shuttles. We have studied over 50 new diarylamine derivatives synthesized in our laboratory including one compound in which we introduced trifluoromethyl groups (–CF3) at the positions para to the nitrogen atom in N-ethylphenothiazine (EPT). The high electronegativity of the CF3 group raises the oxidation potential, and its incorporation also significantly increases solubility in battery electrolyte. Here we report 3,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)-N-ethylphenothiazine (BCF3EPT) as a new redox shuttle, which we have observed to have the highest reported solubility in battery electrolyte of all redox shuttles that maintain extended overcharge performance. We have compared its performance with 1,3-di-tert-butyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzene (DBB), EPT, and other robust redox shuttles. In our hands, overcharge cycling of BCF3EPT far surpasses any reported redox shuttle, and – because it can be dissolved at higher concentrations – it tolerates faster charging rates than both DBB and EPT.
Experimental Attempt at Using Lecane inermis Rotifers to Control Filamentous Bacteria Eikelboom Type 0092 in Activated Sludge
Authors: Drzewicki Adam , Kowalska Ewa , Pajdak‐Stós Agnieszka , Fiałkowska Edyta , Kocerba‐Soroka Wioleta , Sobczyk Łukasz , Fyda Janusz 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT: In laboratory experiments, the authors tested the efficacy of Lecane inermis rotifers in reducing the abundance of filamentous bacteria in activated sludge samples dominated by one filamentous bacterium, Eikelboom Type 0092. The experiment was conducted in three replicates and repeated three times at 1‐month intervals. In all repetitions, rotifers were able to significantly reduce the density of bacterial filaments through predation. It was also shown that the influence of rotifers on filament abundance depends on the duration of grazing pressure. The data show that L. inermis, already reported to be effective in reducing the density of Microthrix parvicella, Nostocoida limicola, and Type 021N in activated sludge, can be equally helpful in limiting Type 0092, another troublesome filamentous bacterium found in low‐loaded water resource recovery facilities.
Pilot Demonstration of Energy‐Efficient Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Using Reciprocating Submerged Membrane
Authors: Ho Jaeho , Smith Shaleena , Patamasank Jaren , Tontcheva Petia , Kim Gyu Dong , Roh Hyung Keun 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT: Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is becoming popular for advanced wastewater treatment and water reuse. Air scouring to “shake” the membrane fibers is most suitable and applicable to maintain filtration without severe and rapid fouling. However, membrane fouling mitigating technologies are energy intensive. The goal of this research is to develop an alternative energy‐saving MBR system to reduce energy consumption; a revolutionary system that will directly compete with air scouring technologies currently in the membrane water reuse market. The innovative MBR system, called reciprocation MBR (rMBR), prevents membrane fouling without the use of air scouring blowers. The mechanism featured is a mechanical reciprocating membrane frame that uses inertia to prevent fouling. Direct strong agitation of the fiber is also beneficial for the constant removal of solids built up on the membrane surface. The rMBR pilot consumes less energy than conventional coarse air scouring MBR systems. Specific energy consumption for membrane reciprocation for the pilot rMBR system was 0.072 kWh/m3 permeate produced at 40 LMH, which is 75% less than the conventional air scouring in an MBR system (0.29 kWh/m3). Reciprocation of the hollow‐fiber membrane can overcome the hydrodynamic limitations of air scouring or cross‐flow membrane systems with less energy consumption and/or higher energy efficiency.