bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, X‐ray Crystal Structures, and Spectroscopic, Electrochemical, and Theoretical Studies of MnIII Complexes of Pyridoxal Schiff Bases with Two Diamines
Authors: Naskar Sumita , Naskar Subhendu , Butcher Ray J. , Corbella Montserrat , Espinosa Ferao Arturo , Chattopadhyay Shyamal Kumar 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSix MnIII complexes of general formula [Mn(L)XY], in which L is a dideprotonated Schiff base ligand N,N′‐bis(pyridoxylidene)ethylenediamine (L1H2 or pydxen) or N,N′‐bis(pyridoxylidene)‐1,3‐propanediamine (L2H2 or pydxpn), X = Cl, N3, NCS, and Y = H2O, MeOH, EtOH, and another MnIII compound [Mn(L1)(H2O)2]Cl have been synthesized. The structures of five of the complexes were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. The compounds show a quasireversible MnIII/MnII couple at ca. 0 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and two to three overlapping oxidations at 1.0–1.3 V, which are assigned to MnIII/MnIV oxidation and ligand (phenolate) oxidation. The redox potential of the phenolate moiety reported here is very similar to the Yz/Yz·+ potential of photosystem II (PS II, Yz = tyrosine). Spectrochemical studies and DFT calculations support this assignment. The DFT calculations also show that there is considerable covalence in the metal–ligand bonds and the covalence increases with the oxidation state of the central metal ion. The geometry of the metal ion is found to be dependent on the oxidation state as well as spin state of the metal ion, the nature of the N,O‐donor ligand used as model, and solvation effects. In silico stepwise one and two electron oxidation of a model pydxen‐type complex shows strengthening of the metal–ligands interactions, but three‐electron oxidation could significantly weaken one of the Mn–O bonds, which might trigger splitting into a diphenoxyl diradical species and a transient MnIV complex, in agreement with the experimental results.
An Updated View of Cisplatin Transport
Authors: Arnesano Fabio , Losacco Maurizio , Natile Giovanni 
Published: May 2013

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Giovanni Natile at the University of Bari. The cover image poses the question whether platinum exchange occurs between transporters as it happens for copper – a major question still lacking an answer. In the background is “the near‐touching hands”, a detail of the Creation of Adam by Michelangelo.
Synthesis of 3‐Azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane Derivatives as γ‐Aminobutyric Acid Analogues through Intermolecular [2+2] Photo­cycloaddition
Authors: Petz Susanne , Wanner Klaus T. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe synthesis of 3‐azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane‐6‐carboxylic acid and 7‐substituted derivatives was developed as bicyclic analogues of γ‐aminobutyric acid. A sensitized, intermolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition of maleic anhydride with N‐protected 3‐pyrroline served as the key step in these syntheses. Upon transformation of the anhydride function of the primary cycloaddition product, 6‐monosubstituted and 6,7‐disubstituted 3‐azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane derivatives were obtained.
C12‐Helix Development in (αγ)n Sequences – Spectroscopic Characterization of Boc–[Aib–γ4(R)Val]–OMe Oligomers
Authors: Dinesh Bhimareddy , Vinaya Vishwanathan , Raghothama Srinivasarao , Balaram Padmanabhan 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe solution conformations of the αγ‐hybrid oligopeptides Boc–[Aib–γ4(R)Val]n–OMe (n = 1–8) in organic solvents have been probed by NMR, IR, and CD spectroscopic methods. In the solid state, this peptide series favors C12‐helical conformations, which are backbone‐expanded analogues of 310 helices in α‐peptide sequences. NMR studies of the six‐ (n = 3) and 16‐residue (n = 8) peptides reveal that only two NH protons attached the N‐terminus residues Aib(1) and γ4(R)Val(2) are solvent‐exposed. Sequential NiH–Ni+1H NOEs characteristic of local helical conformations are also observed at the α residues. IR studies establish that chain extension leads to a large enhancement in the intensities of the hydrogen‐bonded NH stretching bands (3343–3280 cm–1), which suggest elongation of intramolecularly hydrogen‐bonded structures. The development of C12‐helical structures upon lengthening of the αγ sequence is supported by the NMR and IR observations. The CD spectra of the (αγ)n peptides reveal a negative maximum at ca. 206 nm and a positive maximum at ca. 192 nm, spectral feature that are distinct from those of 310 helices in α‐peptides.
BRCA1 Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Epidemiology in the Western New York Exposures and Breast Cancer (WEB) Study
Authors: Ricks‐Santi Luisel J. , Nie Jing , Marian Catalin , Ochs‐Balcom Heather M. , Trevisan Maurizio , Edge Stephen B. , Freudenheim Jo L. , Shields Peter G. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTResults of studies for the association of BRCA1 genotypes and haplotypes with sporadic breast cancer have been inconsistent. Therefore, a candidate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) approach was used in a breast cancer case‐control study to explore genotypes and haplotypes that have the potential to affect protein functions or levels. In a breast cancer case‐control study, genotyping of BRCA1 polymorphisms Q356R, D693N, and E1038G was performed on 1,005 cases and 1,765 controls. Unconditional, polytomous logistic regression and χ2‐tests were used to examine the associations of breast cancer with genotypes and haplotypes. In addition, interactions between genotype and smoking, benign breast disease, family history of breast cancer, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, and hormonal risk factors, hormone receptor status, and breast cancer pathology were calculated also using logistic regression and χ2. Although sporadic breast cancer was not associated with BRCA1 genotypes or haplotypes overall or by menopausal status, there was evidence of an interaction between the E1038G BRCA1 genotype, smoking, and BMI among premenopausal women (P for interaction = 0.01 and 0.045, respectively) and between E1038G and D693N BRCA1 genotypes and hormone therapy use among postmenopausal women (P for interaction = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). There were no other associations found between BRCA1 genotypes and stage, histological grade, or nuclear grade. However, the D693N SNP was associated with the risk of triple negative breast cancer (odds ratio = 2.31 95% confidence interval 1.08–4.93). The BRCA1 variants studied may play a role in the etiology of triple negative breast cancer and may interact with environmental factors such as hormone therapy or smoking and increase sporadic breast cancer risk.
On Association Analysis of Rare Variants Under Population Substructure: An Approach for the Detection of Subjects That Can Cause Bias in the Analysis—Topt: An Outlier Detection Method
Authors: Qiao Dandi , Mattheisen Manuel , Lange Christoph 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTFor the analysis of rare‐variant data in population‐based designs, we propose a method to detect study subjects that may create population substructure in the study sample. Our approach is computationally fast and simple, permitting applications to whole‐genome sequencing studies. The method does not require the variants to be in linkage equilibrium and can be applied to all the genetic loci that are available in the study. For both rare and common variants, we assess the performance of our approach by its application to the 1000 Genome Project data, and in simulation studies. The results are compared to the commonly used outlier detection algorithm based on principal component analysis (PCA). The statistical power of both approaches to detect outliers are comparable in most of the scenarios, but the power of PCA to detect outliers is lower than the novel approach in the presence of linkage disequilibrium and for subpopulations that are genetically similar. The data analysis and the simulation studies suggest that the number of false‐positive results appears to be different for the two approaches. Our approach maintains the type I error rate while the outlier detection approach based on PCA does not. Taking additionally into account the minimal computational requirements of our approach and the ability to incorporate all the marker information, the proposed method will have important application in sequencing studies and genome‐wide association studies.
Insight in Alzheimer's disease and its relation to psychiatric and behavioral disturbances
Authors: Horning Sheena M. , Melrose Rebecca , Sultzer David 
Published: May 2013

ObjectiveIndividuals suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD) often have impaired awareness or a lack of insight into their cognitive deficits and functional abilities, especially in the later stages of the disease. Previous research has documented a relationship between depression and insight in AD, such that greater awareness of one's disease has been associated with a higher degree of depression. However, little is known about the relationship between insight, cognitive decline, and other psychiatric or behavioral problems associated with AD.MethodsThis study included 107 outpatients who met criteria for probable AD. Instruments included the Neurobehavioral Rating Scale, the Apathy Evaluation Scale, and the mini mental state exam. A series of hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between insight and depressed mood, anxiety, psychosis, apathy, agitation, and behavioral retardation in AD patients after controlling for cognitive skills.ResultsInsight was found to significantly predict depressed mood, anxiety, and apathy even after controlling for global cognition. Greater insight was found to be associated with depressed mood and anxiety. However, impaired insight was associated with higher levels of apathy.ConclusionInsight may be differentially related to mood symptoms and apathy within AD, such that patients with intact insight are more depressed, whereas patients with impaired insight are more apathetic. This suggests that assessment of insight in AD may complement the clinical evaluation of depression and apathy in AD and help guide the most appropriate interventions. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
A new way to detect volcanic plumes
Authors: Larson Kristine M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractDetection of volcanic plumes, especially ash‐laden ones, is important both for public health and aircraft safety. A variety of geophysical tools and satellite data are used to monitor volcanic eruptions and to predict the movement of ash. However, satellite‐based methods are restricted by time of day and weather, while radars are often unavailable because of cost/portability. Here a method is proposed to detect volcanic plumes using GPS signal strength data. The strengths and limitations of the method are assessed using GPS data collected during the 2008 and 2009 eruptions of the Okmok and Mt. Redoubt volcanoes. Plume detections using this GPS technique are consistent with independently collected seismic and radar data.
COMPETITION AND QUALITY IN HOME HEALTH CARE MARKETS
Authors: Jung Kyoungrae , Polsky Daniel 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYMarket‐based solutions are often proposed to improve health care quality; yet evidence on the role of competition in quality in non‐hospital settings is sparse. We examine the relationship between competition and quality in home health care. This market is different from other markets in that service delivery takes place in patients' homes, which implies low costs of market entry and exit for agencies. We use 6 years of panel data for Medicare beneficiaries during the early 2000s. We identify the competition effect from within‐market variation in competition over time. We analyze three quality measures: functional improvements, the number of home health visits, and discharges without hospitalization. We find that the relationship between competition and home health quality is nonlinear and its pattern differs by quality measure. Competition has positive effects on functional improvements and the number of visits in most ranges, but in the most competitive markets, functional outcomes and the number of visits slightly drop. Competition has a negative effect on discharges without hospitalization that is strongest in the most competitive markets. This finding is different from prior research on hospital markets and suggests that market‐specific environments should be considered in developing polices to promote competition. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The long and bumpy road to outcome‐oriented management of long‐term care in Germany: implementation of the Resident Assessment Instrument in home‐care services
Authors: Roth Günter , Wolter Annika , Stolle Claudia , Rothgang Heinz 
Published: May 2013

SUMMARYObjectiveAlthough the quality of long‐term care has improved, many problems still remain, and better processes seem to be necessary. Hence, outcome‐oriented management is of particular importance. The Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) is a tool that has been used successfully in many countries to improve quality of care. However, there are problems of implementation and it lacks information on the conditions of successful or failing information of the RAI. The aim of this article is to find out to what extent technical/qualification requirements help to introduce or lead to failure of the implementation of an assessment instrument like RAI.MethodsTherefore, a cluster randomized controlled trial showed services using RAI intensively tend to have better outcomes after 12 months. But the effects depend on the success of the implementation. Using a factor analysis, an index was built to divide the care providers into “optimal” and “suboptimal” RAI users.ResultsSome factors that seem to lead to a rather successful implementation could be detected: A higher proportion of qualified staff, a lower perceived quantitative workload, a small size of care providers, the type of ownership (for‐profit) and a late entry in study [Correction made here after initial online publication.].ConclusionThe success or failure of the implementation of an outcome‐oriented control instrument is determined by professional, organizational restrictions. The results show that a better implementation leads to better outcomes for clients. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards quantifying the negative feedback regulation of peatland evaporation to drought
Authors: Kettridge Nicholas , Waddington J. M. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe frequency and intensity of drought is projected to increase within the boreal region under future climatic conditions. Peatlands are widely considered to regulate water loss under drought conditions, increasing surface resistance (rs) and reducing evaporative losses. This maintains peat moisture content, increasing the resilience of these globally important carbon stores. However, the magnitude and form of this important negative feedback response remains uncertain. To address this, we monitored the response of rs to drought within four peat cores under controlled meteorological conditions. When the water‐table was dropped to a depth of 0.30 m and the humidity reduced to ≤40%, a step shift in rs from ~50 s m‐1 up to 1000 s m‐1 was observed within burned and unburned peat, which virtually shuts down evaporation, limiting water loss. We show that measured near‐surface tension cannot be used to directly calculate this transition in peat surface resistance. However, empirical relationships that account for strong vertical variations in tension through the near‐surface and/or disequilibrium between pore air and near‐surface pore water pressure provide the potential to incorporate this negative feedback response into peatland ecohydrological models. Further observations are necessary to examine this response under dynamic atmospheric conditions. We suggest that the link between surface temperature and evaporation provides potential to further examine this feedback in either burned peatlands or peatlands with a low vascular vegetation cover. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The influence of dead time related distortions on live cell fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) experiments
Authors: Turgeman Lior , Fixler Dror 
Published: May 2013

AbstractRecent developments in the field of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) techniques allow the use of high repetition rate light sources in live cell experiments. For light sources with a repetition rate of 20–100 MHz, the time‐correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) FLIM systems suffer serious dead time related distortions, known as “inter‐pulse pile‐up”. The objective of this paper is to present a new method to quantify the level of signal distortion in TCSPC FLIM experiments, in order to determine the most efficient laser repetition rate for different FLT ranges. Optimization of the F ‐value, which is the relation between the relative standard deviation (RSD) in the measured FLT to the RSD in the measured fluorescence intensity (FI), allows quantification of the level of FI signal distortion, as well as determination of the correct FLT of the measurement. It is shown that by using a very high repetition rate (80 MHz) for samples characterized by high real FLT's (4–5 ns), virtual short FLT components are added to the FLT histogram while a F ‐value that is higher than 1 is obtained. For samples characterized with short real FLT's, virtual long FLT components are added to the FLT histogram with the lower repetition rate (20–50 MHz), while by using a higher repetition rate (80 MHz) the “inter‐pulse pile‐up” is eliminated as the F ‐value is close to 1. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering microscopy: overcoming technical barriers for clinical translation
Authors: Tu Haohua , Boppart Stephen A. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractClinical translation of coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering microscopy is of great interest because of the advantages of noninvasive label‐free imaging, high sensitivity, and chemical specificity. For this to happen, we have identified and review the technical barriers that must be overcome. Prior investigations have developed advanced techniques (features), each of which can be used to effectively overcome one particular technical barrier. However, the implementation of one or a small number of these advanced features in previous attempts for clinical translation has often introduced more tradeoffs than benefits. In this review, we outline a strategy that would integrate multiple advanced features to overcome all the technical barriers simultaneously, effectively reduce tradeoffs, and synergistically optimize CARS microscopy for clinical translation. The operation of the envisioned system incorporates coherent Raman micro‐spectroscopy for identifying vibrational biomolecular markers of disease and single‐frequency (or hyperspectral) Raman imaging of these specific biomarkers for real‐time in vivo diagnostics and monitoring. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Forum on bone and skeletal muscle interactions: Summary of the proceedings of an ASBMR workshop
Authors: Bonewald Lynda F , Kiel Douglas P , Clemens Thomas L , Esser Karyn , Orwoll Eric S , O'Keefe Regis J , Fielding Roger A 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACT

Annual costs are enormous for musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia and for bone and muscle injuries, costing billions annually in health care. Although it is clear that muscle and bone development, growth, and function are connected, and that muscle loads bone, little is known regarding cellular and molecular interactions between these two tissues. A conference supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR) was held in July 2012 to address the enormous burden of musculoskeletal disease. National and international experts in either bone or muscle presented their findings and their novel hypotheses regarding muscle-bone interactions to stimulate the exchange of ideas between these two fields. The immediate goal of the conference was to identify critical research themes that would lead to collaborative research interactions and grant applications focusing on interactions between muscle and bone. The ultimate goal of the meeting was to generate a better understanding of how these two tissues integrate and crosstalk in both health and disease to stimulate new therapeutic strategies to enhance and maintain musculoskeletal health.
Sorafenib and HDAC inhibitors synergize with TRAIL to kill tumor cells
Authors: Hamed Hossein A. , Yamaguchi Yukihiro , Fisher Paul B. , Grant Steven , Dent Paul 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe present studies were designed to compare and contrast the abilities of TRAIL (death receptor agonist) and obatoclax (BCL‐2 family inhibitor) to enhance sorafenib + HDAC inhibitor toxicity in GI tumor cells. Sorafenib and HDAC inhibitor treatment required expression of CD95 to kill GI tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. In cells lacking CD95 expression, TRAIL treatment, and to a lesser extent obatoclax, enhanced the lethal effects of sorafenib + HDAC inhibitor exposure. In hepatoma cells expressing CD95 a similar data pattern emerged with respect to the actions of TRAIL. Downstream of the death receptor the ability of TRAIL to enhance cell killing correlated with reduced AKT, ERK1/2, p70 S6K, and mTOR activity and enhanced cleavage of pro‐caspase 3 and reduced expression of MCL‐1 and BCL‐XL. Over‐expression of BCL‐XL or MCL‐1 or expression of dominant negative pro‐caspase 9 protected cells from drug toxicity. Expression of activated AKT, p70 S6K, mTOR, and to a lesser extent MEK1EE also protected cells that correlated with maintained c‐FLIP‐s expression, reduced BIM expression, and increased BAD phosphorylation. In vivo sorafenib + HDAC inhibitor toxicity against tumors was increased in a greater than additive fashion by TRAIL. Collectively, our data argue that TRAIL, rather than obatoclax, is the most efficacious agent at promoting sorafenib + HDAC inhibitor lethality. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 1996–2005, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spatial patterns of moisture variations across the Tibetan Plateau during the past 700 years and their relationship with Atmospheric Oscillation modes
Authors: Wang Jianglin , Yang Bao , Qin Chun , Kang Shuyuan 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTSpatial and temporal variations in moisture across the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during the years 1300–2005 were investigated using 50 gridded Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) series extracted from the newly developed Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (MADA). The first four spatial patterns of moisture variations were identified by empirical orthogonal function analysis. They represent coherent moisture variations on the northern, southern, northwestern and southeastern TP, respectively. Similar spatial patterns were seen for the reconstructed and observational PDSI series. Comparisons between the first four principal components (PCs) of 50 MADA‐PDSI and Dai‐PDSI series confirmed that the PCs based on the MADA‐PDSI are reasonable proxies for regional moisture variations over the TP during the past 700 years. During the last century, wetness has generally increased on the northern and southern TP, which is in accord with the simulation of the global monsoon rainfall and paleoclimate records from Monsoonal Asia. The results of spatial correlation analysis indicated that the North Atlantic Oscillation is a primary cause of the contrasting moisture conditions between the northern and southern TP on a decadal time scale. Decadal moisture variations are also closely associated with the Pacific decadal oscillation which contributes to the difference in moisture conditions between the eastern and western TP. Moreover, interannual moisture variations over the TP were found to be closely linked to the El Niño southern oscillation. Large‐scale dryness and wetness are possibly caused by the joint effects of each of these three atmospheric oscillation modes. © 2013 Royal Meteorological Society