bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutting forces optimization in the turning of UD-GFRP composites under different cutting environment with polycrystalline diamond tool
Authors: Kumar Surinder , Gupta Meenu , Satsangi P.S. , Sardana H.K. 
Published: December 2012

This paper studies the effect of machining parameters on cutting forces (tangential, feed and radial force) for Pultrusion process (UD-GFRP) composite rod in turning operations using (PCD) tool under different cutting conditions (dry, wet and cooled). The experiments were conducted according to L18 orthogonal array. This paper presents an effective approach for the optimization of turning parameters based on the Taugchi’s method with regression analysis. Second order predictive model covering tool nose radius, tool rake angle, feed rate, cutting speed, cutting environment (dry, wet and cooled) and depth of cut has been developed at 95% confidence interval for cutting forces. Minimizing cutting forces is considered as an objective. The results are confirmed by further experiments.Keywords: UD-GFRP composites, ANOVA, cutting forces, polycrystalline diamond tool, Taguchi method, regression modeling
The Role of Fire-Return Interval and Season of Burn in Snag Dynamics in a South Florida Slash Pine Forest
Authors: Lloyd John D. , Slater Gary L. , Snyder James R. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractStanding dead trees, or snags, are an important habitat element for many animal species. In many ecosystems, fire is a primary driver of snag population dynamics because it can both create and consume snags. The objective of this study was to examine how variation in two key components of the fire regime—fire-return interval and season of burn—affected population dynamics of snags. Using a factorial design, we exposed 1 ha plots, located within larger burn units in a south Florida slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. densa Little and Dorman) forest, to prescribed fire applied at two intervals (approximately 3-year intervals vs. approximately 6-year intervals) and during two seasons (wet season vs. dry season) over a 12- to 13-year period. We found no consistent effect of fire season or frequency on the density of lightly to moderately decayed or heavily decayed snags, suggesting that variation in these elements of the fire regime at the scale we considered is relatively unimportant in the dynamics of snag populations. However, our confidence in these findings is limited by small sample sizes, potentially confounding effects of unmeasured variation in fire behavior and effects (e.g., intensity, severity, synergy with drought cycles) and wide variation in responses within a treatment level. The generalizing of our findings is also limited by the narrow range of treatment levels considered. Future experiments incorporating a wider range of fire regimes and directly quantifying fire intensity would prove useful in identifying more clearly the role of fire in shaping the dynamics of snag populations.
Simulated Effects of Two Fire Regimes on Bighorn Sheep: The San Gabriel Mountains, California, USA
Authors: Holl Stephen A. , Bleich Vernon C. , Callenberger Barry W. , Bahro Bernard 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAn isolated population of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni) occupies fire-adapted chaparral ranges in the San Gabriel Mountains, California, USA. During 1976 to 2006, the amount of high-suitability habitat on bighorn sheep winter-spring ranges resulting from fires (HSF) ranged from 670 ha to 3392 ha, and population estimates for sheep, which were correlated with HSF, ranged from 130 to 740 individuals. During the past 100 years, the majority of changes in the HSF were associated with a fire regime dominated by periodic large, wind-driven, high-intensity crown fires, which resulted in high variability in the HSF. Prior to European settlement, the fire regime likely included smaller, variable intensity fires that burned during summer, but that also would have influenced the HSF. The size of those smaller fires today is effectively constrained by current fire management strategies, including exclusion and suppression. We predicted that smaller summer fires would increase the amount of high-suitability habitat and reduce the variability observed in the HSF during contemporary times, and the outcomes of our comparisons were consistent with those predictions. Small fires can be implemented by prescription, and can help to stabilize and maintain a self-sustaining population of bighorn sheep in the San Gabriel Mountains.
Aspen Restoration in the Eastern Sierra Nevada: Effectiveness of Prescribed Fire and Conifer Removal
Authors: Krasnow Kevin D. , Halford Anne S. , Stephens Scott L. 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAspen (Populus tremuloidesMichx.) comprises only a small fraction (1 %) of the Sierra Nevada landscape, yet contributes significant biological diversity to this range. In an effort to rejuvenate declining aspen stands, the Bureau of Land Management conducted conifer removal in three sites (2004 to 2006) and prescribed fire in two sites (2007). The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of these treatments. In each site, aspen densities in three regeneration size classes were measured in treated and untreated transects before and up to five years post-treatment. Five years after treatment, two of the three conifer removal sites showed significant improvement over controls in the density of total stems and two of three regeneration size classes. The third site did not show significant gains over controls in any size class and experienced significant aspen overstory mortality three years after treatment, which was attributed to sunscald and advanced age at the time of treatment. Three years after treatment, the two prescribed fire sites showed significant increases in total stem density and two regeneration size classes, but also exhibited significant stem mortality, which was likely due to a combination of herbivory and drought. Overall, both treatments can be effective, but future treatments should incorporate methods to reduce post-treatment mortality of residual aspen and new sprouts.
Application of nisin into slovak fermented salami Púchov
Authors: Laukova Andrea , Turek Peter 
Published: December 2012

Púchov salami is favorite fermented salami among Slovak consumers. Nisin is the only bacteriocin accepted by European Commission for a commercial use as additive for food preservation (although not commonly used in meat products). Because of its possibility to prolonge shelf-life of the products and its antimicrobial activity, its effect in dry fermented Slovak salami Púchov experimentally inoculated with Listeria innocua Li1 strain was checked. The initial number of L. innocua Li1 in the inoculated salami mixtures was 104 CFU/g (log 10; 4.04 ± 0 07). After nisin addition, the count of Li1 strain in the meat samples (inoculated with Li1 and treated by nisin) was 1.36±0.07 CFU/g; difference 2.68 logarithmic cycle was noted between Li and Li/Ni samples. At day 2, the difference 3.23 log cycle was detected between Li1 and Li/Ni samples (Li:5.46±0.08, Li/Ni: 2.14±0.07 CFU/g); at weeks 3, 4, it was 1.69 and 1.80 log cycle. Activity of nisin itself was not recovered from the experimental salamis by the analytical method; however, its inhibitory effect was shown by Li1 count decrease. The pH in salamis during processing was almost at the same level (5.52, 5.53, 5.55). Water activity was not negatively influenced. Water content in Li/Ni salamis reached almost requested levels (maximum percentage of water requested is 34 %).
Aortoenteric Fistulae: Present-Day Management
Authors: Xiromeritis Konstantinos , Dalainas Ilias , Stamatakos Michalis , Filis Konstantinos 
Published: December 2012

AbstractAn aortoenteric fistula (AEF) is a communication between the aorta and an adjacent loop of the bowel. The three most useful diagnostic modalities for detecting AEF are abdominal computed tomography scan with intravenous contrast, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and arteriography. The treatment of AEFs has improved in recent years, but despite the multiple surgical techniques reported, many of the patients do not survive or are left debilitated after treatment. Endovascular repair is an efficient and safe method to stabilize patients with life-threatening AEFs. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive and synthetic review of the latest advantages on the diagnosis and management of primary and secondary AEF.
Blood Conservation in Surgery: Current Concepts and Practice
Authors: Usoro Nathaniel I. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Blood conservation is based on the principle of avoiding allogeneic blood transfusion with the aim of improving outcome and protecting patients' rights. Surgical patients receive a significant proportion of the allogeneic blood transfused in the hospital. Blood conservation in surgery greatly reduces overall allogeneic blood use, thereby reducing costs, hazards, and adverse outcomes. Blood conservation techniques aim to lower the “transfusion trigger,” optimize the hematocrit, minimize blood loss, and optimize tissue oxygenation. Successful blood conservation involves a combination of techniques tailored to the individual patient. It requires planning and a multidisciplinary team approach but usually little technology. Bloodless medicine and surgery programs represent the gold standard in blood conservation. Blood conservation is evidence based, and it results in faster recovery, lower morbidity, lower mortality, shorter hospital stay, lower cost, and better patient (and physician) satisfaction while avoiding the hazards of allogeneic blood transfusion. Blood conservation is thus the current standard of care.
Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Ascending Colon—a Report of a Case
Authors: Shibuya Hajime , Matsuda Keiji , Shimada Ryu , Horiuchi Atsushi , Iinuma Hisae , Hayama Tamuro , Yamada Hideki , Nozawa Keijiro , Ishihara Soichiro , Watanabe Toshiaki 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Micropapillary carcinoma (MC) has been recently recognized to be a rare but distinctive variant of adenocarcinoma. At present, only a limited number of colorectal MC cases have been reported. We present a case of MC of the ascending colon with distant metastasis. A 61-year-old female patient was hospitalized with a complaint of abdominal pain. A diagnostic work-up revealed cancer of the ascending colon with multiple lung metastases. The patient underwent a right hemicolectomy with lymph node dissection. A peritoneal nodule was observed in the abdominal cavity during surgery, and this nodule was also resected. The pathologic findings of the colon tumor revealed components of conventional tubular adenocarcinoma and micropapillary carcinoma. Lymph nodes and a peritoneal nodule revealed tubular adenocarcinoma. MC is a rare disease but has high malignant potential. In the present case the tumor was small in size, but the patient had a peritoneal and multiple lung metastases.
Hydatid Disease Presenting as Cutaneous Fistula: Review of a Rare Clinical Presentation
Authors: Korwar Vijay. , Subhas Gokulakkrishna. , Gaddikeri Prabhuraj. , Shivaswamy B. S. 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Hydatid disease has a worldwide distribution as a result of more global travel. Liver and lungs are the most common sites for the primary hydatid cysts in the human body. We managed a 68-year-old man who presented with abdominal distension and umbilical fistula, discharging daughter cysts. Ultrasound imaging of the abdomen showed hepatic hydatid cyst forming a fistula at the umbilicus. The patient underwent a laparotomy with partial cystectomy and excision of the fistula tract. The umbilicus healed after the procedure. The patient did not have any recurrences in 5 years of follow-up. Spontaneous cutaneous fistulization of liver hydatid cyst is a rare presentation. A detailed literature search revealed 15 cases published in all languages. Hydatid disease presenting as an umbilical fistula has not been reported yet. We summarize all these cases including the presentation, findings, management, and outcome. Combined surgical and medical treatment is successful in healing of hepatic hydatid cutaneous fistula.
Laparoscopic Splenectomy for Atraumatic Splenic Rupture
Authors: Grossi Ugo , Crucitti Antonio , D'Amato Gerardo , Mazzari Andrea , Tomaiuolo Pasquina M. C. , Cavicchioni Camillo , Bellantone Rocco 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Atraumatic splenic rupture (ASR) is a rare clinical entity. Several underlying benign and malignant conditions have been described as a leading cause. We report on a case of ASR in a 41-year-old man treated with laparoscopic splenectomy. Considering ASR as a life-threatening condition, a prompt diagnosis can be life saving.
Pleural Lavage Cytology Immediately After Thoracotomy in Patients With Completely Resected Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Hanagiri Takeshi , Takenaka Masaru , Oka Soich , Baba Tetsuro , Shigematsu Yoshiki , Nagata Yoshika , Shimokawa Hidehiko , Yasuda Manabu , Uramoto Hidetaka , Takenoyama Mitsuhiro , Yasumoto Kosei 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
This study evaluated 325 patients who had undergone pleural lavage cytology (PLC) immediately after thoracotomy following a complete resection for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between 2004 and 2008. The number of patients with negative and positive findings in PLC was 309 and 13, respectively. The proportion of T1 in the PLC-positive group was significantly smaller than that of the PLC-negative group. The pathologic examinations revealed that the parietal pleural invasion was significantly more severe in the PLC-positive group than in the PLC-negative group. Pathologic lymphovascular invasion was also significantly more prominent in the PLC-positive group than in the PLC-negative group. The 5-year survival rate after surgery in the PLC-positive group and PLC-negative group was 54.7% and 79.0%, respectively. The positive finding in PLC showed a tendency of an unfavorable prognosis for NSCLC patents following complete resection. Further clinical studies will be necessary to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant therapy for PLC-positive patients.
Surgical Treatment of Intramuscular, Infiltrating Lipoma
Authors: Su Chin-Horng , Hung Jui-Kuo , Chang Ing-Lin 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Lipoma may occasionally be found within the muscle, which is the intramuscular, infiltrating lipoma. Intramuscular, infiltrating lipoma is an uncommon lesion, and local recurrence can be expected if the surgical margin is not clear. We report 8 patients in a 2-year period diagnosed with intramuscular, infiltrating lipoma who were treated by marginal excision combined with wide excision in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital. The surgical results were satisfactory, and no local recurrence was noted in an average follow-up period of 40 months. Surgical excision is the best way to treat the symptomatic intramuscular, infiltrating lipoma. Careful preoperative evaluation and complete tumor excision with clear margins are most important to ensure successful surgical results.
Gene Expression of Mesenchyme Forkhead 1 (FOXC2) Significantly Correlates With the Degree of Lymph Node Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Watanabe Toshiaki , Kobunai Takashi , Yamamoto Yoko , Matsuda Keiji , Ishihara Soichiro , Nozawa Keijiro , Iinuma Hisae , Kanazawa Takamitsu , Tanaka Toshiaki , Konishi Tsuyoshi , Ikeuchi Hiroki , Eshima Kiyoshi , Muto Tetsuichiro , Nagawa Hirokazu 
Published: December 2012

AbstractIn stage III colorectal cancer, patients with N1 stage tumors show poorer outcome than patients with N2 stage tumors. Our objective was to identify genes that are predictive for the presence of lymph node metastasis, and to characterize the aggressiveness of lymph node metastases. Gene expression profiles of colorectal cancer were determined by microarray in training (n  =  116) and test (n  =  25) sets of patients. We identified 40 discriminating probes in patients with and without lymph node metastases. Using these probes, we could predict the presence of lymph node metastasis with an accuracy of 87.1% (training set) and 76.0% (test set). Among discriminating probes, FOXC2 expression was significantly correlated with the degree of lymph node metastasis. FOXC2 was expressed significantly and disparately in patients with N1 and N2 stage tumors as analyzed by real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. FOXC2 appears to be involved in determining the aggressiveness of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer.
Effect of Phaleria Macrocarpa Supplementation on Apoptosis and Tumor Growth of C3H Mice With Breast Cancer Under Treatment With Adriamycin–Cyclophosphamide
Authors: Riwanto Ignatius , Budijitno Selamat , Dharmana Edi , Handojo Djoko , Prasetyo Sigit Adi , Eko Albert , Suseno Dicky , Prasetyo Bondan 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
The objective of this study was to know the response of supplementation of Phaleria macrocarpa (PM) to adriamycin-cyclophosphamide (AC) in the treatment of C3H mice with breast cancer. Twenty-four C3H mice, who were successfully inoculated with breast cancer cells, were randomly allocated into 4 groups: without treatment, treated with AC, treated with AC + PM 0.07 mg/d, and treated with AC + PM 0.14 mg/d. The tumor size was measured using millimeter calipers before and 12 weeks after treatment. The tumor, liver, and kidneys were removed and prepared for pathologic examination using imunohistochemistry staining, and the apoptotic index was counted using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling method. AC reduce the tumor growth significantly (P &lt; 0.001), whereas supplementation of PM, which significantly reduced the tumor growth compared with AC only, was at the 0.14 mg/d dose (P  =  0.007). AC increase the apoptotic index significantly (P &lt; 0.001), and supplementation with PM showed that the higher dose increased the apoptotic index. The correlation between the apoptotic index and the diameter of tumor was significantly negative (r  =  −0.884; P  =  0.020). The apoptotic index of the liver and kidney increased significantly in the AC group (P &lt; 0.001 and P  =  0.002, respectively); supplementation with PM decreased significantly the high apoptotic index caused by AC. We conclude that PM supplementation has a synergic effect to AC treatment in reducing the tumor growth, by increasing apoptosis, and protects the liver and kidney from damage caused by AC.
Three-Dimensional Vascular Anatomy Relevant to Oncologic Resection of Right Colon Cancer
Authors: Tajima Yusuke , Ishida Hideyuki , Ohsawa Tomonori , Kumamoto Kensuke , Ishibashi Keiichiro , Haga Norihiro , Osada Hisato 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
We analyzed data on the three-dimensional vascular anatomy of the right colon from the operative documents of 215 patients undergoing oncologic resection for right colon cancer. The right colic artery (RCA) was absent in 146 patients (67.9%), with the ileocolic artery (ICA) crossing the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) ventrally in 78 patients (36.3%). When the RCA was present, both the ICA and the RCA crossed the SMV ventrally in 44 patients (20.5%), dorsally in 10 patients (4.7%), the RCA crossed the SMV ventrally and the ICA dorsally in 10 patients (4.7%), and the RCA crossed the SMV dorsally and the ICA ventrally in 5 patients (2.2%). The arterial branches toward the hepatic flexure crossed the SMV ventrally in 151 eligible cases: the branch originated from the common trunk of the middle colic artery in 97 patients (64.2%) and 1 and 2 arteries directly originated from the SMA in 49 patients (32.5%) and in 5 patients (3.3%), respectively. These data would be useful to safely perform lymph node dissection around the SMV.
Esophageal Bypass Using a Gastric Tube for a Malignant Tracheoesophageal/Bronchoesophageal Fistula: A Report of 4 Cases
Authors: Hanagiri Takeshi , Morita Masaru , Shigematsu Yoshiki , Takenaka Masaru , Oka Soich , Nagata Yoshika , Shimokawa Hidehiko , Uramoto Hidetaka , Tanaka Fumihiro 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
Tracheoesophageal/bronchoesophageal fistulas are often caused by locally advanced esophageal cancer and lung cancer, and result in life-threatening conditions such as severe cough and dyspnea due to pneumonia. We herein report the clinical characteristics of 4 patients with tracheoesophageal/bronchoesophageal fistulas. All patients were men, and ranged in age from 40–69 years. Three patients had esophageal cancer and 1 had lung cancer. All 4 underwent esophageal bypass using a gastric tube with tube drainage of the distal side of the esophagus. Three patients died at 3, 4, and 5 months after surgery. However, these patients were allowed to enjoy food orally up until the last few days of life. One patient who underwent esophageal bypass and chemoradiotherapy has remained well for 5 years without any evidence of recurrence. This bypass procedure is therefore considered to be a feasible treatment choice for patients with tracheoesophageal/bronchoesophageal fistulas.
Intravenous Catheter-Guided Laser Ablation: A Novel Alternative for Branch Varicose Veins
Authors: Liu Peng , Ren Shiyan , Yang Yuguang , Liu Jiangtao , Ye Zhidong , Lin Fan 
Published: December 2012

Abstract
It is difficult to manage tributary varicose veins with endovenous laser ablation. Using the intravenous catheter-guided laser fiber to ablate the tributary varicose veins has been proposed. From April 2004 to December 2009, we randomly assigned 134 patients with 170 limbs for laser therapy, of which, 89 limbs in 74 patients were treated with laser ablation. The residual tortuous veins were abolished with the intravenous catheter-guided laser ablation (ICLA group), whereas residual varicose veins in 81 limbs in 60 patients were treated by stab avulsion (SA group). Patients were followed up with the median of 44.5 months after surgery. The outcomes and durability of treatment in both groups were evaluated. The primary end point was recurrence of varicose veins. In comparison with the SA group, patients in the ICLA group had fewer surgical incisions and morbidity, a shorter hospital stay, and returned to normal activity earlier. The overall 5-year recurrence of varicose veins was infrequent in the ICLA group but was much higher in the SA group (5.4% versus 20%, P  =  0.022). ICLA provided better outcomes than conventional SA in managing the branched varicose veins and may be an alternative for the treatment of branch varicose veins.