bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Satellite and in situ measurements of water vapour in the Brazil‐Malvinas Confluence region
Authors: Freitas Rose Ane Pereira de , de Souza Ronald Buss , do Nascimento Reis Rafael Afonso , de Mendonça Luis Felipe Ferreira , da Silva Lindemann Douglas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis decade‐long study from the INTERCONF programme addresses the data gap on ocean dynamics in the Southern Hemisphere. Focusing on the Brazil‐Malvinas Confluence (BMC), we investigated the effect of temperature differences between the warm Brazil Current (BC) and the cold Malvinas Current (MC) on water vapour in the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). Our results show a clear distinction: warmer BMC waters have 32% more water vapour (2 kg·m−2 on average) compared to the MC. This highlights the direct link between ocean temperatures and atmospheric processes. Analysis of radiosonde data alongside satellite measurements showed better agreement over cooler waters with lower water vapour, leading to lower variability. This suggests less atmospheric turbulence and improved data compatibility, especially for satellite retrievals such as AIRS. Comparisons between reanalysis data (CFSR), satellite sounders (AIRS) and radiosondes (RS) showed consistent air temperature profiles, with average errors within the 10% threshold for satellite measurements. While capturing humidity variations remains a challenge, especially at high concentrations (indicated by higher mean squared error values), our study highlights the reliability of satellite data, particularly over the cold BMC region. This research highlights the importance of studying the interactions between ocean fronts and atmospheric phenomena for a complete picture of Southern Hemisphere ocean dynamics. It offers valuable insights for scientists across disciplines, providing a broad perspective on the results and their significance in different contexts.
In vivo MRI of hyperpolarized silicon‐29 nanoparticles
Authors: Kwiatkowski Grzegorz , von Witte Gevin , Däpp Alexander , Kocic Jovana , Hattendorf Bodo , Ernst Matthias , Kozerke Sebastian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeThe objective of the present work was to test the feasibility of in vivo imaging of hyperpolarized 50‐nm silicon‐29 (29Si) nanoparticles.MethodsCommercially available, crystalline 50‐nm nanoparticles were hyperpolarized using dynamic polarization transfer via the endogenous silicon oxide–silicon defects without the addition of exogenous radicals. Phantom experiments were used to quantify the effect of sample dissolution and various surface coating on T1 and T2 relaxation. The in vivo feasibility of detecting hyperpolarized silicon‐29 was tested following intraperitoneal, intragastric, or intratumoral injection in mice and compared with the results obtained with previously reported, large, micrometer‐size particles. The tissue clearance of SiNPs was quantified in various organs using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy.ResultsIn vivo images obtained after intragastric, intraperitoneal, and intratumoral injection compare favorably between small and large SiNPs. Improved distribution of small SiNPs was observed after intraperitoneal and intragastric injection as compared with micrometer‐size SiNPs. Sufficient clearance of nanometer‐size SiNPs using ex vivo tissue sample analysis was observed after 14 days following injection, indicating their safe use.ConclusionIn vivo MRI of hyperpolarized small 50‐nm SiNPs is feasible with polarization levels and room‐temperature relaxation times comparable to large micrometer‐size particles.
An assessment of narrative operative reports for Wilms tumor resection using consensus component criteria
Authors: Morrison Zachary D. , Rajesh Niharika , Davidoff Andrew M. , Abdelhafeez Hafeez 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionPrecision in surgical documentation is essential to avoid miscommunication and errors in patient care. Synoptic operative reports are more precise than narrative operative reports, however they have not been widely implemented in pediatric surgical oncology. To assess the need for implementation of synoptic operative reports in pediatric surgical oncology, we examined the completeness of narrative operative reports in patients undergoing resection of Wilms tumor.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of narrative operative reports for resection of Wilms tumor at a single pediatric oncology center from January 2022 through July 2023. Primary outcomes were the presence or absence of 11 key operative report components. Inclusion rates were calculated as simple percentages. Unilateral and bilateral operations were considered.ResultsThirty‐five narrative reports for Wilms tumor resection were included. The most consistently documented operative report components were estimated blood loss, indication for surgery, intraoperative complications, and specimen naming (100% documentation rates). Documentation of lymph node sampling was present in 94.3% of reports. The least consistently documented components were assessment of intraoperative tumor spillage, completeness of resection, metastatic disease, and assessment of vascular involvement (each ≤40% documentation rate). All 11 key components were documented in three reports.ConclusionsEven at a large tertiary pediatric oncology referral center, narrative operative reports for pediatric Wilms tumor resection were found to be frequently missing important components of surgical documentation. Often, these were omissions of negative findings. Utilization of synoptic operative reports may be able to reduce these gaps.
Investigation of the effect of mass percentage concentration of polystyrene–toluene solution on the surface properties of the plasma‐treated polystyrene thin films
Authors: Aliabadizadeh Farzad , Siahpoush Vahid , Pashabeiki Zadeh Asal , Eivazpour Taher Ataollah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolystyrene (PS) finds diverse applications across various fields, often necessitating a hydrophilic PS surface. In this study, the PS films were prepared using PS–toluene solutions of 15, 20, and 25 mass percentage concentrations (% w/v). Here, the main focus is on the influence of concentration on the hydrophilization of the prepared PS thin films under atmospheric pressure air dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment. The contact angle, surface energy measurements, atomic force microscopy, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy analysis were conducted to evaluate the PS surface properties. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, the significant role of concentration in altering surface properties; the lower concentration of PS films leads to the most hydrophilic surface. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirms an increase in the OH functional group on the PS surface. atomic force microscopy analysis reveals needle‐shaped surface morphology, increased roughness and an expanded effective surface area. Surface energy analysis confirms an increase in the polar sector of surface energy. Overall, the findings from this research underscore the increase in film hydrophilicity with a decrease in PS–toluene concentration.Highlights
Polystyrene (PS)–toluene solutions with different concentrations were prepared.
PS–toluene films were spin‐coated and were been treated with dielectric barrier discharge plasma.
The contact angle, surface energy measurements, atomic force microscopy, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy analysis were conducted.
PS films with lower concentration have more impact from plasma treatment.
Concentration, impact the hydrophilicity and roughness of treated PS films.
Interaction of H, H2, and MgH2 With Graphene and Possible Application to Hydrogen Storage—A Density Functional Computational Investigation
Authors: Iyakutti K. , Reji Rence P. , Ajaijawahar K. , Lakshmi I. , Rajeswarapalanichamy R. , Surya V. J. , Karthigeyan A. , Kawazoe Y. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe interaction of H, H2, and MgH2 with graphene is investigated using the density functional theory to explore the possibility of exploiting graphene or functionalized graphene as a hydrogen storage medium. The H atom is positioned at various distances from the graphene surface and the energetics are computed in detail. The extent of interaction of the s electron of H with graphene's pz electrons is well brought out. Similar investigations are carried out for H2, MgH2. In the case of H atom, a HC covalent bond is formed. This process turns out to be a prerequisite for proton transfer through graphene. Interactions of H2 and MgH2 with graphene are different from that of H. It leads to the conclusion that functionalized graphene will better substrate/candidate for applications like hydrogen storage.
Understanding natural isotopic variations in cultured cancer cells
Authors: Mantha Olivier L. , Mahé Marie , Mahéo Karine , Fromont Gaëlle , Guéguinou Maxime , Tea Illa , Hankard Régis , De Luca Arnaud 
Published: August 2024

RationaleNatural variations in the abundance of the stable isotopes of nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) offer valuable insights into metabolic fluxes. In the wake of strong interest in cancer metabolism, recent research has revealed δ15N and δ13C variations in cancerous compared to non‐cancerous tissues and cell lines. However, our understanding of natural isotopic variations in cultured mammalian cells, particularly in relation to metabolism, remains limited. This study aims to start addressing this gap using metabolic modulations in cells cultured under controlled conditions.MethodsProstate cancer cells (PC3) were cultured in different conditions and their δ15N and δ13C were measured using isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Isotopic variations during successive cell culture passages were assessed and two widely used cell culture media (RPMI and DMEM) were compared. Metabolism was modulated through glutamine deprivation and hypoxia.ResultsSuccessive cell culture passages generally resulted in reproducible δ15N and δ13C values. The impact of culture medium composition on δ15N and δ13C of the cells highlights the importance of maintaining a consistent medium composition across conditions whenever possible. Glutamine deprivation and hypoxia induced a lower δ13C in bulk cell samples, with only the former affecting δ15N. Gaps between theory and experiments were bridged and the lessons learned throughout the process are provided.ConclusionsExposing cultured cancer cells to hypoxia allowed us to further investigate the relation between metabolic modulations and natural isotopic variations, while mitigating the confounding impact of changing culture medium composition. This study highlights the potential of natural δ13C variations for studying substrate fluxes and nutrient allocation in reproducible culture conditions. Considering cell yield and culture medium composition is pivotal to the success of this approach.
Protective Effect of Hibifolin on Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Acute Lung Injury Through Akt Phosphorylation and NFκB Pathway
Authors: Ng Yan‐Yan , Ho Yung‐Chuan , Yen Chi‐Hua , Lee Shiuan‐Shinn , Tseng Ching‐Chi , Wu Sheng‐Wen , Kuan Yu‐Hsiang 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTAcute lung injury (ALI) is a difficult condition to manage, especially when it is complicated by bacterial sepsis. Hibifolin, a flavonoid glycoside, has anti‐inflammatory properties that make it a potential treatment for ALI. However, more research is needed to determine its effectiveness in LPS‐induced ALI. In this study, male ICR mice were treated with hibifolin before LPS‐induced ALI. Protein content and neutrophil count in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were measured by BCA assay and Giemsa staining method, respectively. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesive molecules were detected by ELISA assay. The expression of NFκB p65 phosphorylation, IκB degradation, and Akt phosphorylation was assessed by western blot assay. Hibifolin pre‐treatment significantly reduced pulmonary vascular barrier dysfunction and neutrophil infiltration into the BAL fluid in LPS‐induced ALI mice. In addition, LPS‐induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α) and adhesive molecules (ICAM‐1, VCAM‐1) within the BAL fluid were markedly reduced by hibifolin in LPS‐induced ALI mice. More, hibifolin inhibited LPS‐induced phosphorylation of NFκB p65, degradation of IκB, and phosphorylation of Akt in lungs with ALI mice. In conclusion, hibifolin shows promise in improving the pathophysiological features and proinflammatory responses of LPS‐induced ALI in mice through the NFκB pathway and its upstream factor, Akt phosphorylation.
Using a customizable L stent for laryngotracheal stenosis: Patterns of success and failure
Authors: Casellas Nicolas J. , Keidar Eytan , Anis Mursalin M. , Rosow David E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundA recent innovation in the management of tracheostomy‐dependent patients with laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) has been the customizable laryngotracheal stent, made by dividing a T‐tube in half (“L stent”). These L stents can be placed into the subglottis as well as the posterior glottis to prevent rapid re‐stenosis following surgery, and they are easily removed in the office. We sought to review our experience with these stents and analyze patterns of success and failure.MethodsRetrospective chart review was performed of all tracheostomy‐dependent patients who underwent L stent placement from January 2019 through February 2024. Clinical and demographic data were reviewed, with decannulation as the primary endpoint. Patients were assessed as having comorbid conditions (diabetes, coronary artery disease, morbid obesity, prior radiation) or not.ResultsA total of 16 patients underwent stent placement. Six patients had posterior glottic stenosis (PGS), six had subglottic stenosis (SGS), and four had multilevel stenosis. Of these 16 patients, 9 were ultimately decannulated (56.2%). Three of the successes were PGS (33.3%), four were SGS (44.4%), and two had both SGS and PGS (22.2%). Patients who were decannulated were statistically less likely to have comorbid conditions than patients who failed decannulation (p = 0.0350).ConclusionFor tracheostomy‐dependent patients who have failed first‐line therapy, endoscopic surgery paired with L stent placement offers a reasonable alternative to open airway reconstruction or more destructive arytenoidectomy or cordotomy procedures. As with most airway surgeries, patient selection is important, as the presence of multilevel stenosis and/or comorbid conditions can predict a higher failure rate.
Holographic turbulence from a random gravitational potential
Authors: Oz Yaron , Waeber Sebastian , Yarom Amos 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study the turbulent dynamics of a relativistic (2 + 1)-dimensional fluid placed in a stochastic gravitational potential. We demonstrate that the dynamics of the fluid can be obtained using a dual holographic description realized by an asymptotically Anti-de Sitter black brane driven by a random boundary metric. Using the holographic duality we study the energy power spectrum of a fluid with an inverse energy cascade and show that it is compatible with that of a compressible fluid flow. We calculate the local energy dissipation and the local fluid velocity distribution which provide other measures of the holographic fluid turbulence.
Endokrine Therapie und Fertilitätsprotektion bei Transgenderpersonen
Authors: Feil Katharina , Jallali Thara , Lanbach Julia , Toth Bettina 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungBei Personen mit einer Geschlechtsinkongruenz besteht eine Diskrepanz zwischen dem bei Geburt zugewiesenen Geschlecht und der empfundenen Geschlechtsidentität. Mit Einsetzen der Pubertät erleben viele trans Personen eine deutliche Verminderung der Lebensqualität. Studien belegen, dass eine Geschlechtsinkongruenz häufig mit erheblichen negativen Auswirkungen auf die psychische Gesundheit assoziiert ist. Eine geschlechtsangleichende Hormontherapie (GAHT) kann zu einer Linderung der psychischen Symptome führen und die Lebensqualität steigern. Eine GAHT sollte nach den Bedürfnissen der einzelnen Person geplant werden, eine ausführliche Aufklärung über Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der GAHT ist empfehlenswert. Aufgrund der weitreichenden Auswirkungen einer geschlechtsangleichenden Therapie auf die Fertilität sollte bereits vor Beginn einer GAHT eine Aufklärung und Beratung hinsichtlich der Möglichkeiten der Fertilitätsprotektion für einen späteren Kinderwunsch erfolgen.
Calibration of Aseptic Loosening Simulation for Coatings Osteoinductive Effect
Authors: Baroni Sofia , Oliviero Sara , La Mattina Antonino Amedeo , Maglio Melania , Martini Lucia , Fini Milena , Viceconti Marco 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The risk of aseptic loosening in cementless hip stems can be reduced by improving osseointegration with osteoinductive coatings favoring long-term implant stability. Osseointegration is usually evaluated in vivo studies, which, however, do not reproduce the mechanically driven adaptation process. This study aims to develop an in silico model to predict implant osseointegration and the effect of induced micromotion on long-term stability, including a calibration of the material osteoinductivity with conventional in vivo studies. A Finite Element model of the tibia implanted with pins was generated, exploiting bone-to-implant contact measures of cylindrical titanium alloys implanted in rabbits’ tibiae. The evolution of the contact status between bone and implant was modeled using a finite state machine, which updated the contact state at each iteration based on relative micromotion, shear and tensile stresses, and bone-to-implant distance. The model was calibrated with in vivo data by identifying the maximum bridgeable gap. Afterward, a push-out test was simulated to predict the axial load that caused the macroscopic mobilization of the pin. The bone-implant bridgeable gap ranged between 50 μm and 80 μm. Predicted push-out strength ranged from 19 N to 21 N (5.4 MPa–3.4 MPa) depending on final bone-to-implant contact. Push-out strength agrees with experimental measurements from a previous animal study (4 ± 1 MPa), carried out using the same implant material, coated, or uncoated. This method can partially replace in vivo studies and predict the long-term stability of cementless hip stems.
CircRNA Arf3 suppresses glomerular mesangial cell proliferation and fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy via miR-107-3p/Tmbim6 axis
Authors: Zhang Linping , Jin Gang , Zhang Wei , Wang Qiong , Liang Yan , Dong Qianlan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of microvascular complication associated with diabetes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to be involved in DN pathogenesis. Hence, this work aimed to explore the role and mechanism of circ_Arf3 in DN. Mouse mesangial cells (MCs) cultured in high glucose (HG) condition were used for functional analysis. Cell proliferation was determined using 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) and cell counting kit-8 assays. Western blotting was used to measure the levels of proliferation indicator PCNA and fibrosis-related proteins α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I (Col I), fibronectin (FN), and collagen IV (Col IV). The binding interaction between miR-107-3p and circ_Arf3 or Tmbim6 (transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif containing 6) was confirmed using dual-luciferase reporter and pull-down assays. Circ_Arf3 is a stable circRNA, and the expression of circ_Arf3 was decreased after HG treatment in MCs. Functionally, ectopic overexpression of circ_Arf3 protected against HG-induced proliferation and elevation of fibrosis-related proteins in MCs. Mechanistically, circ_Arf3 directly bound to miR-107-3p, and Tmbim6 was a target of miR-107-3p. Further rescue assay showed miR-107-3p reversed the protective action of circ_Arf3 on MCs function under HG condition. Moreover, inhibition of miR-107-3p suppressed HG-induced proliferation and fibrosis, which were attenuated by Tmbim6 knockdown in MCs. CircRNA Arf3 could suppress HG-evoked mesangial cell proliferation and fibrosis via miR-107-3p/Tmbim6 axis, indicating the potential involvement of this axis in DN progression.
Interlayer ferromagnetic coupling in nonmagnetic elements doped CrI3 thin films
Authors: Li Xuqi , Chen Xuyan , Sun Shiyang , Zhang Huihui , Sang Haidan , Wang Xiaonan , Qi Shifei , Qiao Zhenhua 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe exploration of magnetism in two-dimensional layered materials has attracted extensive research interest. For the monoclinic phase CrI3 with interlayer antiferromagnetism, finding a static and robust way of realizing the intrinsic interlayer ferromagnetic coupling is desirable. In this work, we study the electronic structure and magnetic properties of the nonmagnetic element (e.g., O, S, Se, N, P, As, and C) doped bi-and triple-layer CrI3 systems via first-principles calculations. Our results demonstrate that O, P, S, As, and Se doped CrI3 bilayer can realize interlayer ferromagnetism. Further analysis shows that the interlayer ferromagnetic coupling in the doped few-layer CrI3 is closely related to the formation of localized spinpolarized state around the doped elements. Further study presents that, for As-doped tri-layer CrI3, it can realize interlayer ferromagnetic coupling. This work proves that nonmagnetic element doping can realize the interlayer ferromagnetically-coupled few-layer CrI3 while maintaining its semiconducting characteristics without introducing additional carriers.
Safety first? Sicherheitsrelevante Ereignisse aus Patientenperspektive
Authors: Brust Larissa , Koch Amelie , Weigl Matthias 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die WHO fordert die Einbeziehung von Patient:innen zur Förderung der Patientensicherheit. Ein unterschiedliches Verständnis von Patientensicherheit zwischen Patient:innen und Expert:innen kann die effektive Implementierung solcher Maßnahmen erschweren. In Deutschland fehlte bislang eine explorative, also erste und vorläufige qualitative Evidenz des Verständnisses von Patientensicherheit aus der Perspektive der Patient:innen.

Zielstellung
Ziel war die Exploration des Verständnisses sowie der Erfahrungen von Patient:innen zu patientensicherheitsrelevanten Ereignissen. Zudem war von Interesse, wie Gesundheitsexpert:innen diese Perspektive von Patient:innen einschätzen.

Methode
Es wurden semistrukturierte Einzelinterviews mit Patient:innen, ihren Vertreter:innen und Gesundheitsexpert:innen (u. a. Ärzt:innen, Qualitätsmanagement und Krankenkassen) durchgeführt. Mithilfe einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse erfolgte eine explorative Analyse, Interpretation und Klassifikation der Aussagen.

Ergebnisse
Es wurden 34 Teilnehmende (22 Patient:innen, 12 Expert:innen) rekrutiert. Das Verständnis von Patientensicherheit aus der Perspektive von Patient:innen und die diesbezügliche Einschätzungen von Expert:innen wurden in 3 Handlungsbereiche klassifiziert: (1) medizinische Aspekte, (2) Patientenorientierung und soziale Interaktion, (3) Versorgungsmanagement und Servicequalität. Handlungsbereich (1) umfasst u. a. die Diagnostik, Behandlung, Hygiene, Kompetenzen sowie Folgen sicherheitsrelevanter Ereignisse. Die Bereiche (2) und (3) thematisieren Kommunikation, Respekt und Patientenbeteiligung sowie Koordination und Zugang zur Versorgung, systembedingte Faktoren, Wartezeiten, Personalmangel und Service.

Schlussfolgerung
Kollaborative Anstrengungen und Maßnahmen zur Patientensicherheit können nur gelingen, wenn ein gemeinsames Verständnis von Patientensicherheit besteht. Unsere explorativen Ergebnisse zeigen die Vielfalt von Erfahrungen zur Patientensicherheit aus Patientenperspektive und die unterschiedlichen auslösenden Bedingungen für das Verständnis von Patientensicherheit. Die Ergebnisse können für die Planung und Implementation von Maßnahmen zur Patientensicherheit und -einbeziehung herangezogen werden.