bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-Term Impact of Seizures and Mitigation Opportunities
Authors: Glauser Tracy , Becker Danielle A. , Long Lucretia , Detyniecki Kamil , Penovich Patricia , Sirven Joseph , Peters Jurriaan M. , Rabinowicz Adrian L. , Carrazana Enrique 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The burden of epilepsy is complex and consists of elements directly related to acute seizures as well as those associated with living with a chronic neurologic disorder. The purpose of this systematic review was to characterize short-term burdens of seizures and to explore the potential value of acute treatments to mitigate these burdens apart from reducing the risk of status epilepticus.

Recent Findings
A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed to identify articles published from January 1, 2017, to June 22, 2023, that described short-term burdens and acute treatments of seizures. Primary outcomes included those related to short-term burdens of seizures and the benefits of acute treatments to reduce short-term burdens. Of the 1332 articles identified through PubMed and 17 through other sources, 27 had relevant outcomes and were included in the qualitative synthesis. Seizure emergencies negatively affected short-term quality of life and the ability to conduct normal daily living activities and were associated with physical (injury) and financial (emergency transport, hospitalization) burdens. The use of acute treatment was associated with a rapid return (≤ 1 h) to normal function/self for both patients and caregivers and potentially lower healthcare utilization and costs. Seizure action plans may improve knowledge and comfort with seizure care, empowering patients and caregivers.

Summary
The short-term burden of seizures can create a substantial negative impact on patients and caregivers. Acute treatments may reduce the short-term burdens of seizures in addition to their well-described role to reduce seizure activity and the risk for status epilepticus.
Investigating the Moderating Effect of HIV Status Disclosure on the Link Between Discrimination Experience and Psychological Distress Among People Living with HIV in Japan Infected Through Sexual Contact
Authors: Miwa Takeshi , Wakabayashi Chihiro , Hayashi Kanna , Tanuma Junko , Ikeda Kazuko , Yokomaku Yoshiyuki , Ikushima Yuzuru 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
There is a scarcity of research on the potential impact of disclosing HIV status to friends and family in moderating the adverse effects of discrimination on the mental health of people living with HIV (PLWH). This study assessed the experiences of discrimination and HIV status disclosure among PLWH in Japan, and evaluated their potential associations with psychological distress.

Method
Data were derived from a nationwide cross-sectional survey of PLWH conducted in Japan between 2019 and 2020. The interaction effects of HIV-related discrimination and HIV status disclosure on the psychological distress were examined using logistic and linear regression analyses.

Results
The median age of the 804 respondents was 46 years old. Most respondents were male and 85.4% (687/804) identified as homosexuals or bisexuals. A total of 12.7% (102/804) of the respondents reported that they had recently experienced discrimination because of their HIV status. Experience of HIV-related discrimination was independently associated with high psychological distress (adjusted OR 2.02; 95% CI, 1.15–3.57), and HIV status disclosure to friends partially weakened the association between discrimination and the level of psychological distress (regression coefficient −3.115; p = 0.004).

Conclusion
While measures that aim to end discrimination remain vital, increasing the opportunities of PLWH to communicate with friends they feel comfortable disclosing their HIV status may also be helpful in protecting their mental health.
Earth system model’s capability of predicting drought-induced crop failure
Authors: Obata Atsushi , Tsujino Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe used the Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model to investigate land precipitation and net primary production (NPP, proxy for agricultural production here) in terms of food and water security. In the preindustrial state, the largest decrease in Southeast Asian precipitation (> 20%) occurs along with the largest El Niño and positive phase of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation, consistent with the 1876-78 Great Drought, leading to the largest decrease in NPP (~ 20%); >2 standard deviations, extreme dryness and crop failure. In relatively arid regions (e.g., India and northeastern Brazil), the largest decreases in precipitation and NPP reach ≥ 50%, particularly 80 ~ 90% in Deccan, India. In the 21st century warming projection (Shared Socioeconomic Pathways 5-8.5, the largest CO2 emission scenario), the interannual variability of precipitation and NPP in Monsoon Asia increase under the influence of enhanced El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Although the increased precipitation variability indicates more frequent severer droughts than in the preindustrial state, this severity does not influence NPP so much: the increased NPP variability is negligible compared to the significant increase in normal NPP by CO2 fertilization effect, which indicates usually rich harvests. Compared to a recent severe crop failure (− 25% in Japan in 1993), the simulated preindustrial drought-induced NPP decreases of ≥ 50% in parts of low latitudes are extraordinarily large enough to correspond to devastating crop failures. The model indicates that great famines before the 20th century were natural in origin, and that manmade factors, such as harsh taxes and hoarding and export of grain, made the famines more devastating.
Comparative analysis of open-source federated learning frameworks - a literature-based survey and review
Authors: Riedel Pascal , Schick Lukas , von Schwerin Reinhold , Reichert Manfred , Schaudt Daniel , Hafner Alexander 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhile Federated Learning (FL) provides a privacy-preserving approach to analyze sensitive data without centralizing training data, the field lacks an detailed comparison of emerging open-source FL frameworks. Furthermore, there is currently no standardized, weighted evaluation scheme for a fair comparison of FL frameworks that would support the selection of a suitable FL framework. This study addresses these research gaps by conducting a comparative analysis of 15 individual open-source FL frameworks filtered by two selection criteria, using the literature review methodology proposed by Webster and Watson. These framework candidates are compared using a novel scoring schema with 15 qualitative and quantitative evaluation criteria, focusing on features, interoperability, and user friendliness. The evaluation results show that the FL framework Flower outperforms its peers with an overall score of 84.75%, while Fedlearner lags behind with a total score of 24.75%. The proposed comparison suite offers valuable initial guidance for practitioners and researchers in selecting an FL framework for the design and development of FL-driven systems. In addition, the FL framework comparison suite is designed to be adaptable and extendable accommodating the inclusion of new FL frameworks and evolving requirements.
Using fused filament fabrication to improve the tribocorrosion behaviour of 17-4 PH SS in comparison to other metal forming techniques
Authors: García-Cabezón Cristina , Naranjo Juan Alfonso , García-Hernández Celia , Berges Cristina , Herranz Gemma , Martín-Pedrosa Fernando 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFused filament fabrication (FFF) is one of the additive manufacturing processes which has gained more interest because of its simplicity and low-cost. This technology is similar to the conventional metal injection moulding (MIM) process, consisting of the feedstock preparation of metal powder and polymer binders, followed by layer-by-layer 3D printing (FFF) or injection (MIM) to create green parts and, finally, debinding and sintering. Moreover, both technologies provide near-dense parts. This work presents an in-depth study of the processing method’s influence. The porosity, microstructure, hardness, corrosion, and tribocorrosion behaviour are compared for 17-4 PH SS samples processed from powder by additive manufacturing using FFF and MIM, as well as conventional powder metallurgy (PM) samples. MIM samples exhibited the highest macro and microhardness, while corrosion behaviour was similar for both MIM and FFF samples, but superior in comparison to conventional PM samples. However, the FFF-as fabricated samples displayed a significant improvement in tribocorrosion resistance that could be explained by the higher proportion of delta ferrite and retained austenite in their microstructure.
Impact of transferrin saturation on cardiovascular events in non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease patients treated with darbepoetin alfa
Authors: Nakai Kentaro , Nishino Tomoya , Kagimura Tatsuo , Narita Ichiei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Although the widespread use of long-acting erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) has facilitated the improvement of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the improvement in prognosis has not been fully demonstrated. Iron deficiency is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and the relative iron deficiency induced by erythropoiesis-stimulating agents may prevent the improvement of prognosis. Therefore, we investigated the association between iron deficiency and cardiovascular events during long-acting erythropoiesis-stimulating agent therapy using transferrin saturation (TSAT), which is less susceptible to inflammation than ferritin.

Methods
This study included 1040 patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD, aged ≥ 20 years, with a glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and hemoglobin < 11 g/dL, who were treated with darbepoetin alfa for 96 weeks. The patients were recruited in the BRIGHTEN Trial, a multicenter, prospective, observational study conducted to evaluate erythropoiesis-stimulating agent resistance to darbepoetin alfa in treating anemia in non-dialysis-dependent CKD in a clinical setting. The association between transferrin saturation and the cumulative incidence of cardiovascular events was evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method. To calculate the hazard ratio (HR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and the Cox proportional hazards model were used.

Results
Survival curve analysis for cardiovascular events indicated that patients with transferrin saturation ≥ 30% had a significantly better prognosis, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.34 (95% confidence interval 0.22–0.52). Stratified analysis revealed that patients with transferrin saturation of 30–40% had a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular events than those with transferrin saturation of 20–30%, even after a multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio of 0.33 (95% confidence interval 0.21–0.54).

Conclusion
Patients with CKD and transferrin saturation of 30–40% had significantly fewer cardiovascular events than those with transferrin saturation of 20–30% among patients treated with long-acting erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. Therefore, it may be useful to maintain higher transferrin saturation from the viewpoint of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent responsiveness and the reduction of cardiovascular events.

Graphical Abstract
Leading Edge Techniques in the Quest for Characterizing Rare Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Patel Sweta B. , Franceski Alana M. , Crown Brittany L. , Welner Robert S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) occupy the summit of the intricate hematopoiesis hierarchy, constituting a mere 0.01% of the adult bone marrow. The rarity of these cells poses a challenge in exploring their biological intricacies. Historically, research efforts grappled with this scarcity, often investigating broader cell populations that encompass multipotent progenitor cells, with HSCs representing only a modest 2–5%. Consequently, a crucial necessity emerged for methodologies accommodating the constraints imposed by the low abundance of HSCs.

Recent Findings
In the last decade, the landscape has transformed with the advent of multi-omics technologies, such as single-cell-based approaches encompassing proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and epigenetics. These advancements, coupled with refined ex vivo and in vivo models of stem cells, have ushered in a new era where the independent study of HSCs has become feasible. Notably, strides in humanized models have further enriched the scientific toolkit, enabling the validation of HSC biology within human systems.

Summary
This review attempts to spotlight recent breakthroughs and their associated advantages and disadvantages, collectively illuminating the avenues that now exist for delving into the intricate biology of functional HSCs.
Multifunctional SnO2 QDs/MXene Heterostructures as Laminar Interlayers for Improved Polysulfide Conversion and Lithium Plating Behavior
Authors: Deng Shungui , Sun Weiwei , Tang Jiawei , Jafarpour Mohammad , Nüesch Frank , Heier Jakob , Zhang Chuanfang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPoor cycling stability in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries necessitates advanced electrode/electrolyte design and innovative interlayer architectures. Heterogeneous catalysis has emerged as a promising approach, leveraging the adsorption and catalytic performance on lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) to inhibit LiPSs shuttling and improve redox kinetics. In this study, we report an ultrathin and laminar SnO2@MXene heterostructure interlayer (SnO2@MX), where SnO2 quantum dots (QDs) are uniformly distributed across the MXene layer. The combined structure of SnO2 QDs and MXene, along with the creation of numerous active boundary sites with coordination electron environments, plays a critical role in manipulating the catalytic kinetics of sulfur species. The Li–S cell with the SnO2@MX-modified separator not only demonstrates superior electrochemical performance compared to cells with a bare separator but also induces homogeneous Li deposition during cycling. As a result, an areal capacity of 7.6 mAh cm−2 under a sulfur loading of 7.5 mg cm−2 and a high stability over 500 cycles are achieved. Our work demonstrates a feasible strategy of utilizing a laminar separator interlayer for advanced Li–S batteries awaiting commercialization and may shed light on the understanding of heterostructure catalysis with enhanced reaction kinetics.
Dynamics of a plant–pollinator network: extending the Bianconi–Barabási model
Authors: Castillo William J. , Burkle Laura A. , Dormann Carsten F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe study the dynamical assembly of weighted bipartite networks to understand the hidden mechanisms of pollination, expanding the Bianconi–Barabási model where nodes have intrinsic properties. Allowing for a non-linear interaction rate, which represents the seasonality of flowers and pollinators, our analysis reveals similarity of this extended Bianconi–Barabási model with field observations. While our current approach may not fully account for the diverse range of interaction accretion slopes observed in the real world, we regard it as an important step towards enriching theoretical models with biological realism.
Bigraded Betti numbers and generalized persistence diagrams
Authors: Kim Woojin , Moore Samantha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCommutative diagrams of vector spaces and linear maps over $$\mathbb {Z}^2$$

Z

2

are objects of interest in topological data analysis (TDA) where this type of diagrams are called 2-parameter persistence modules. Given that quiver representation theory tells us that such diagrams are of wild type, studying informative invariants of a 2-parameter persistence module M is of central importance in TDA. One of such invariants is the generalized rank invariant, recently introduced by Kim and Mémoli. Via the Möbius inversion of the generalized rank invariant of M, we obtain a collection of connected subsets $$I\subset \mathbb {Z}^2$$

I
⊂

Z

2

with signed multiplicities. This collection generalizes the well known notion of persistence barcode of a persistence module over $$\mathbb {R}$$
R
from TDA. In this paper we show that the bigraded Betti numbers of M, a classical algebraic invariant of M, are obtained by counting the corner points of these subsets Is. Along the way, we verify that an invariant of 2-parameter persistence modules called the interval decomposable approximation (introduced by Asashiba et al.) also encodes the bigraded Betti numbers in a similar fashion. We also show that the aforementioned results are optimal in the sense that they cannot be extended to d-parameter persistence modules for $$d \ge 3$$

d
≥
3

.
Berücksichtigung heterogener Lernbedarfe im Rahmen der Arbeit mit Wochenplänen
Authors: Decristan Jasmin , Rieser Svenja 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungEine Öffnung des Unterrichts und Maßnahmen der Binnendifferenzierung stellen zwei zentrale Konzepte dar, um die heterogenen Lernbedarfe der Schüler*innen zu berücksichtigen. Durch die Arbeit mit Wochenplänen lassen sich beide Konzepte simultan realisieren. Es mangelt jedoch an aktuellen empirischen Studien zur Nutzung und Ausgestaltung der Wochenplanarbeit in der Schulpraxis. In diesem Beitrag werden Angaben von 326 Lehrkräften aus einer bundesweiten Online-Befragung einbezogen und Unterschiede in der Nutzung und Ausgestaltung von Wochenplänen zwischen drei Schulformvergleichsgruppen (Regelschulen ab der Sekundarstufe, Grundschulen, Förderschulen) analysiert sowie die zusätzliche Bedeutung der Überzeugungen zur Wochenplanarbeit geprüft. Es ergeben sich drei Kernbefunde: (1.) Weniger Lehrkräfte an Regelschulen ab der Sekundarstufe geben im Vergleich zu denjenigen an Grundschulen oder Förderschulen an, Wochenpläne zu nutzen. (2.) Im Falle einer Nutzung von Wochenplänen (n = 215) ist der Grad an Öffnung (operationalisiert über den Anteil an Pflichtaufgaben) zwischen den drei Schulformvergleichsgruppen vergleichbar hoch, das Ausmaß an schwierigkeitsbezogener Differenzierung ist hingegen mit im Mittel vier Stufen pro Klasse an Förderschulen besonders groß. (3.) Die Überzeugungen der Lehrkräfte zur Geeignetheit des Wochenplans für eine Differenzierung können selbstberichtete Nutzung und Ausgestaltung von Wochenplänen mit erklären, während Überzeugungen zur Öffnung nicht mit der Wochenplanarbeit einhergehen. Die Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund des gegenwärtigen Diskurses zum Umgang mit Heterogenität kritisch eingeordnet und erlauben schulformspezifische Implikationen für die Aus- und Weiterbildung von Lehrkräften.
Generative Künstliche Intelligenz in Unterricht und Unterrichtsforschung – Chancen und Herausforderungen
Authors: Neumann Knut , Kuhn Jochen , Drachsler Hendrik 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungEine zentrale Herausforderung der Unterrichtswissenschaft bzw. der unterrichtsbezogenen Lehr-Lern-Forschung stellt ohne Frage die gewinnbringende Nutzung Künstlicher Intelligenz dar. Obwohl Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) in den letzten Jahren und Jahrzehnten zunehmend Einzug in unseren Alltag gehalten hat (z. B. im Rahmen der Sprachsteuerung von Geräten), markierte die Veröffentlichung von chatGPT einen Meilenstein. ChatGPT unterstützt den Menschen nicht nur in einem eng begrenzten Anwendungsbereich, sondern eröffnet in vielen Bereichen völlig neue Möglichkeiten, die aktuell allenfalls oberflächlich erforscht sind. So kann chatGPT Aufgaben zur Leistungsbewertung generieren (und lösen), Schülervorstellungen erkennen und Strategien zum Umgang damit vorschlagen oder etwa Lehrkräfte bei der Erstellung von Unterrichtsmaterialien und der Planung von Unterrichtsreihen unterstützen. Bisher ist jedoch noch überwiegend unklar, wie dieses Potenzial entsprechender KI gewinnbringend für den Unterricht bzw. das unterrichtliche Lehren und Lernen genutzt werden kann und wo mögliche Herausforderungen liegen. Insbesondere ist bisher auch offen, welches Potenzial der Einsatz von KI für die Unterrichtsforschung hat und wo hier im Sinne wissenschaftlicher Lauterkeit (ethische) Grenzen zu setzen sind. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet Potenzial und Herausforderungen, die der Einsatz von KI in Unterricht und Unterrichtsforschung mit sich bringt und leitet Fragen ab, denen sich die Unterrichtsforschung widmen sollte, um eine wissenschaftliche Basis für den Einsatz von KI zu schaffen.
EdTech in a Broken World: Breaking and Repairing in Argentinian and German Schools
Authors: González López Alejo Ezequiel , Büchner Felix 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article offers insights into the everyday postdigital school life of two schools from two different world regions—Argentina and Germany. Based on ethnographic research in both contexts, it traces the introduction of one educational technology in each case, from the moment of its conception in policy documents to its landing in schools, its appropriation by various school actors and its integration into the socio-technical infrastructure of the classroom. Although both schools are situated differently and both technologies—a learning management system and a tablet computer—are of different quality, the article demonstrates the existence of a remarkable commonality in the journey of both educational technologies: their breakdown and the repair practices performed by various school actors. Breakdown and repair are analysed and conceptualised with reference to the Broken World Thinking exercise. By applying an Ethnography of Global Connections, the locally identified practices in both schools are framed as manifestations of global digitalisation processes in education. The article aims to shift the focus of critical EdTech studies towards two socio-material forces that are commonly addressed separately: material disruption and reassembling (and all the friction in between).
Progress in mass spectrometry approaches to profiling protein–protein interactions in the studies of the innate immune system
Authors: Kim Doeun , Nita-Lazar Aleksandra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding protein–protein interactions (PPIs) is pivotal for deciphering the intricacies of biological processes. Dysregulation of PPIs underlies a spectrum of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune conditions, highlighting the imperative of investigating these interactions for therapeutic advancements. This review delves into the realm of mass spectrometry-based techniques for elucidating PPIs and their profound implications in biological research. Mass spectrometry in the PPI research field not only facilitates the evaluation of protein–protein interaction modulators but also discovers unclear molecular mechanisms and sheds light on both on- and off-target effects, thus aiding in drug development. Our discussion navigates through six pivotal techniques: affinity purification mass spectrometry (AP-MS), proximity labeling mass spectrometry (PL-MS), cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS), size exclusion chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (SEC-MS), limited proteolysis-coupled mass spectrometry (LiP-MS), and thermal proteome profiling (TPP).