bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination Of Selective Cytotoxicity From Ncb-0846 In The Treatment Of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Harmantepe Ahmet Tarık , Dikicier Enis , Kocer Belma , Kazan Nur , Yigit Merve 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
It was aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of NCB-0846 inhibition of TNIK, which is the activator kinase of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, on triple negative breast cancer at the molecular stage.
METHODS
MDA-MB-231 cells were used as triple negative breast cancer cell line and MCF-10A cells were used as control cell line. WST-1 analysis showed the cytotoxic effect of NCB-0846, Annexin V analysis showed its apoptotic effect, cell cycle analysis showed its effect on cell cycle, and Acridine Orange staining showed its effect on cell morphology. In addition, the effect of NCB-0846 on CTNNB1 (β-catenin) gene expression was demonstrated by RT-PCR analysis.
RESULTS
The viability rates in NCB-0846, MDA-MB-231 cells decreased significantly in a time and dose dependent manner (p < 0.01). The lowest viability rates for MDA-MB-231 cells were determined as 42,20% at the 3 µM dose after 72 hours of incubation. After 72 hours of incubation in MCF-10A cells, the viability rate was determined as 53,92% at 3 µM dose (p < 0.01). Apoptotic cell rates were determined as 60,5% and 39,33% for 3 µM NCB-0846 incubation in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A cells, respectively. In the RT-PCR analysis, while the expression level of CTNNB1 was decreased in MDA-MB-231 cells, it was determined that it increased significantly in MCF-10A cells.
CONCLUSION
NCB-0846 was shown to induce apoptosis while inhibiting viability in MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results suggest that NCB-0846 may be a suitable candidate for cancer therapy, but further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to better understand its mechanisms of action.
Reproduction rate and microbial load of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus (Pallas, 1766) fed on Chlorella sp. cultured on organic media
Authors: Melaku Solomon , Getahun Abebe , Mengestou Seyoum , Geremew Akewake , Belay Amha 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the culture performance and total microbial load of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus reared on microalgae Chlorella sp. cultured with a replacement of 50% of the standard Bolds’ Basal Medium (BBM) with poultry manure filtrate (POMF), sheep manure filtrate (SHMF), water hyacinth root compost filtrate (WHRCF), water hyacinth leaf compost filtrate (WHLCF), water hyacinth root and leaf compost filtrate (WHR + LCF) and a control treatment with 100% BBM. The results indicated that the POMF substituted culture of Chlorella sp. gave significantly highest cell density (1.83x108 cells mL− 1) followed by the 100% BBM culture (1.74x108 cells mL− 1) supporting 272 ± 6.4 and 122.2 ± 5.53 rotifers mL− 1 B. calyciflorus population, respectively. The SHMF culture gave the third highest Chlorella sp. density (5.94x107 cells mL− 1) and supports 83.4 ± 13.78 rotifers mL− 1 B. calyciflorus population. The three treatments with the compost filtrate of the different parts of water hyacinth gave the least Chlorella sp. cell density and B.calyciflorus population as well. In terms of the total viable bacterial count of B.calyciflorus cultured on the substitution of the different organic media indicated that B.calyciflorus cultured on 100% BBM and 50% POMF- based culture gave significantly lowest total bacterial counts of 6.9x106 ± 9.9x105 and 8.05x106 ± 4.94x105 CFU mL− 1, respectively while SHMF, WHR + LCF, WHLCF, WHRCF group showed higher total bacterial counts of 1.62x107 ± 2.83x105, 1.09x107 ± 7.78x105, 1.25x107 ± 7.07x104, 1.03x107 ± 7.07x104 CFU mL− 1, respectively in non-rinsed samples. Therefore, it can be concluded that 50% substitution the standard BBM media for Chlorella sp. culture with organic manures such as POMF can be a sustainable alternative to culture the rotifer B. calyciflorus for larval fish culture.
Factors Associated with Adequate Antenatal Care Use Among Women of Childbearing Age in Burkina Faso: Finding From the 2010 and 2021 Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Badolo Hermann , Bado Aristide Romaric , Bazié Herman , Bacyé Yisso Fidèle , Konseiga Romaine , Hien Hervé 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Antenatal care (ANC) is a critical determinant of maternal and infant well-being and is a reliable method for reducing maternal and infant mortality. This study aimed to determine individual, family and community factors associated with the ANC use in 2010 and 2021.
Method: The data used in this study is procured from the Demographic and Health Surveys carried out in Burkina Faso in 2010 and 2021. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyse factors associated with the use of prenatal care. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were estimated to assess the strength of associations, and 95% confidence intervals were used for significance testing. A proportion test was used to examine differences in ANC utilisation between 2010 and 2021 in Burkina Faso. The data were cleaned, coded and analysed using Stata version 16.1 software.
Results: In our study sample, 22.92% of the respondents in 2010 had adequate ANC use, compared to 46.34% in 2021. The results demonstrate the influence of the woman’s individual characteristics, the household and the community characteristics on the adequate ANC use in Burkina Faso. Regarding the woman’s individual characteristics, age, educational level, marital status, occupation and modern contraceptive methods use were significantly associated with adequate ANC use in 2010 and 2021. In terms of the woman's living environment, the household well-being quintile, the degree of exposure to the media and the region of residence were significantly associated with adequate prenatal care use in 2010 and 2021.
Conclusion: This study notes that Burkina Faso has made enormous progress in improving the coverage of prenatal care between 2010 and 2021, and indicates several factors influencing adequate ANC use. These factors, including individual, family and community factors. For optimal efficacy, interventions promoting the adoption of antenatal care services must take these outcomes into account.
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessing Human Perspiration and Evaluating Antiperspirant Product Efficacy
Authors: Subhash Hrebesh Molly , Ofoegbuna Tochukwu , Oliveira Abmael , Pierce Mark C. , Pillai Shyamala 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In humans, perspiration plays a crucial role in the regulation of core body temperature. For the mode of action and product efficacy studies of antiperspirant products, objective evaluation of perspiration is very important for studying the physiology of sweat gland function and mechanisms determining the amount of sweat excreted onto the skin. Various approaches have been developed for human perspiration measurement and for the evaluation of antiperspirant efficacy, which include visual, instrumental, and gravimetric methods. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of infrared thermography as a multiscale imaging modality for the direct evaluation of sweat pore activation and for the quantification of sweat retention to assess the efficacy of antiperspirants.
Knowledge and awareness of undergraduate medical students regarding palliative care in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.
Authors: Bilal Zoha , Malik Muhammad Jawad Amin , Virwani Vikash , Khan Alyna , Waqar Muhammad Atif 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
To assess the knowledge and awareness of undergraduate medical students in Pakistan regarding palliative care. The study will evaluate their understanding of palliative care, their comfort in discussing it, and whether they plan to incorporate it into their future practice.
Study Design:
This cross-sectional online survey was circulated among undergraduate medical students across Pakistan.
Results:
The mean PaCKS score was 9.699 out of 13, with a standard deviation of 2.76. Prior knowledge of palliative care significantly improved the PaCKS score. Factors associated with higher prior familiarity included attending private institutions and having a higher mean monthly family income.
Conclusion:
Recognizing palliative care as a fundamental human right highlights the need for healthcare professionals to be proficient in its principles. Despite sociopolitical challenges in Pakistan, enhancing education for future physicians can improve awareness and access to palliative care. Given the increasing disease burden and benefits of early palliative care integration, incorporating it into undergraduate and postgraduate medical education is crucial. This ensures that healthcare providers have the necessary knowledge and skills from the outset. Collaborating with palliative care professionals in Pakistan can help contextualize the curriculum and ensure practical application, preparing future practitioners to deliver comprehensive care that meets global standards. Effective educational policies can significantly improve patient outcomes and advance palliative care access in Pakistan.
Spatial-frequency Attention-based Optical and Scene Flow with Cross-Modal Knowledge Distillation
Authors: Zhou Youjie , Jiao Runyu , Tao Zhonghan , Liang Xichang , Wan Yi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper studies the problem of multimodal fusion for optical and scene flow from RGB and depth images, or point clouds. Previous methods fuse multimodal information in “early-fusion” or “late-fusion” strategies, in which an attention mechanism is employed to address the problem of optical and scene flow estimation when RGB information is unreliable. Such attentive approaches either suffer from substantial computational and time complexities or lose the inherent characteristics of features due to downsampling. To address this issue, we propose a novel multimodal fusion approach named SFRAFT, which utilizes Fourier transform to build the spatial-frequency domain transformed self-attention and cross-attention. With the novel attentive mechanism, our approach can extract informative features more efficiently and effectively. We further enhance information exchange between the two modalities by incorporating multi-scale knowledge distillation. Experimental results on Flythings3D and KITTI show that our SFRAFT achieves the best performance with low computational and time complexity. We also prove the strong ability of our approach for flow estimation on our real-world dataset. We release the code and datasets at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12697968
Patients Perception on services related issues at Colonial War Memorial Hospital (CWMH) Clinical Laboratory
Authors: Sharma Jignesh , Nair Richard. D. , Tamani Ledua 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Laboratory Services is an essential service that is part of the hospital system to aid physicians to come to a definite diagnosis for their patients. Being an essential service, it is very important that the laboratory service run in a manner that satisfies its customers. Thus, it is very important to take perceptions of patients who readily excess these services to get their point of view on issues they face while excessing laboratory services and how best the profession can work with the MoHMS to create avenues for improvements that would benefit the patients. No studies to date have been conducted in Fiji until now to gauge the issues that are faced by patients accessing laboratory services at government hospitals. Similar perception studies have been done on a large scale looking at the views of patients on the services provided by Nurses and Doctors thus this study aimed to explore the perceptions of patients on services provided by the largest laboratory department in Fiji that is the CWMH.
Materials and Method: Patients who attended the laboratory outpatient department of Colonial War Memorial Hospital (CWMH) in Suva, Fiji, during August and October of 2022 provided data for the study, which was qualitative in nature. The study included all patients who visited the CWMH laboratory outpatient department during the data collection period, regardless of gender or ethnicity, and who were older than 18. For this study, in-depth interviews with 20 participants were conducted until data saturation was reached. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were utilized to gather data utilizing a semi-structured open-ended questionnaire. To identify the themes and sub-themes for the findings, the data were transcribed and subjected to a thematic analysis procedure.
Results: Twenty patients in all were questioned, ten (or 50%) of them were men and ten (or 50%) were women. Unaware of change in location, lack of signage or other means to inform patients that staff is inside, privacy and confidentiality, waiting time, waiting area, and issues with occupational health services (OHS) are among the six themes that emerged from the data analysis. Although they encountered numerous obstacles in their attempts to receive the best care possible, the patients had high expectations. Users of the laboratory outpatient department began to have a bad opinion of it because of the department's shortcomings.
Conclusion: This study revealed that patients who visited the CWMH laboratory outpatient department more frequently than not had general dissatisfaction with the services they received. In order to improve the delivery of services and increase patient satisfaction, MoHMS and service providers must investigate the legitimate concerns that patients have expressed.
Behavioral Toxicodynamics and Kinetic profiling of PCB congeners in Swiss albino mouse dosed with Aroclor 1232 through inhalational route: A pivotal risk assessment study
Authors: Muthusamy Sivaselvakumar , Narayanan Ramanujam 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Polychlorinated Biphenyls pose hazards to humans as environmental and occupational workplace pollutants, despite which, though they are regulated in India, their use is not yet banned. Hence, the pharmacokinetics and behavioral effects of PCBs after inhalational exposures of Aroclor 1232 in Swiss albino mice were assessed in this study, with an objective to correlate these effects with monoamine levels in brain and extrapolate them to rodent and human risk assessments. Methods: A whole body inhalational chamber has been utilized to expose mice to different doses of Aroclor 1232 for single six-hour durations. The plasma and brain samples were used to estimate the corresponding concentration-time profiles of two representative congeners of PCBs (PCB 77 and PCB 180) and calculate their pharmacokinetic parameters. These variables were then correlated with mouse behavior using Irwin scale, and monoamine levels at Tmax. Results & Discussion: A definite dose-dependence of PCB 77 and PCB 180 kinetic parameters was identified in plasma and brain. PCB 77 exhibited more accumulation in brain than plasma, whereas PCB 180 accumulated more in plasma than brain. Mood, autonomic scores, and miscellaneous sub domains were significantly different from control group scores in these domains. The changes in the mood and miscellaneous domains on the Irwin scale could be ascribed to higher brain PCB 77; whereas changes in autonomic functions could be ascribed to higher plasma PCB 180 levels. Conclusion: The pharmacokinetic parameters of PCB 180 and PCB 77 after acute inhalational exposures to Aroclor 1232 were obtained and this was temporally correlated with disruption of behavioral scores and monoamine levels in dose-dependent manner.
Smartphone addiction, depression, distress, eustress, loneliness, and sleep deprivation in adolescents: a latent profile and network analysis approach
Authors: KABADAYI Fedai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background Previous research on adolescent smartphone addiction has tended to focus on general populations that are assumed to be homogeneous, overlooking latent profiles. Furthermore, previous research has not focused on potentially important differences in the latent profiles of adolescent smartphone addiction in networks. The present study aimed to reveal the latent profiles of smartphone addiction, depression, stress, eustress, loneliness, and sleep deprivation in adolescents, and general and latent profiles were examined in the network.
Methods The study group consisted of 436 (222 boys and 214 girls) adolescents, aged between 13 and 18 years. The findings of the present study were provided using Pearson correlation, ANOVA, latent profile analysis and network analysis. The data were analyzed using SPSS, JASP, and Mplus.
Results The results of the study showed solutions with three latent profiles. The non-addicted group constituted 20.87%, the addicted group covered 29.82% and the risky group included 49.31% of the study group. Although the general profile and the addicted latent group had similar characteristics, the differences in the risky and non-addicted groups contributed to the current literature by providing a further and remarkable perspective on smartphone addiction, depression, distress, eustress, loneliness, and sleep deprivation in adolescents.
Conclusions The theoretical and practical implications of the present results will provide contributions to researchers and practitioners in understanding smartphone addiction.
Effects of aging on the severity of liver injury in mice with iron overload
Authors: Park So-Hyun , Song Soo-Jin , Lee Jin-A , Shin Jung-A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

While iron is a vital component in the body, excessive iron leads to iron toxicity, which affects vital organs. In particular, the liver is considerably affected by iron toxicity because it stores the highest amount of iron in the body. Nonetheless, the relationship between iron overload and aging in the liver has not yet been clearly identified. This study aimed to observe the effects of aging on iron overload in the liver. Female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into vehicle control and iron overload groups (n = 7–22 per group). The iron overload group was injected with Fe-dextran (0.5 g/kg) for 4 weeks. After the experimental period, liver and blood samples were obtained from 2-, 15-, and 22-month-old mice. Liver weight, iron deposition, structural changes, cell death, extracellular matrix deposition, and fenestration of sinusoidal vessels were analyzed and compared between the groups. Additionally, biochemical analyses (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and serum total iron levels) were performed. The iron overload group exhibited significant differences compared to the control group with age. In the elderly iron overload model, iron deposition, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cell death were significantly increased (p < .0001). Moreover, deposition of the extracellular matrix and defenestration of sinusoidal fenestrae were observed among 22-month-old mice in the iron overload group. These results suggest that aging is a risk factor for iron-induced liver injury. Therefore, caution should be exercised when performing iron-related treatments in the elderly.
DRMNet: More efficient bilateral networks for real-time semantic segmentation of road scenes
Authors: Zhang Wenming , Zhang Shaotong , Li Yaqian , Li Haibin , Song Tao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Semantic segmentation is crucial in autonomous driving because of its accurate identification and segmentation of objects and regions. However, there is a conflict between segmentation accuracy and real-time performance on embedded devices. We propose an efficient lightweight semantic segmentation network (DRMNet) to solve these problems. We use a lightweight bilateral structure to encode semantic and spatial paths and cross-fuse features during encoding, we also add unique skip connections to coordinate upsampling in the semantic path. We design a new self-calibrated aggregate pyramid pooling module (SAPPM) at the end of the semantic branch to capture more comprehensive multi-scale semantic information and balance the extraction and inference speed of the semantic branch. Furthermore, we designed a new feature fusion module, which guides the fusion of detail features and semantic features through attention perception, alleviating the problem of semantic information quickly covering spatial detail information. Experimental results on the CityScapes and CamVid datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of DRMNet. On a 2080Ti GPU, our model achieves 78.6% mIoU and 78.9% mIoU on CityScapes and CamVid, respectively, with 88.3 FPS and 149 FPS speeds. These results highlight the model's ability to better balance accuracy and real-time performance, making it suitable for embedded devices in autonomous driving applications.
Application of a novel phage W5 for biological control 1 of Salmonella Typhimurium in different food matrices
Authors: Chong Qian , Yang Kaihui , Fan Ziqiu , Ma Yonghui , Zhang Kunzhong , Deng Jing , Ma JingRui , Zhao Xuehui , Zhi Ji , Zhang Haohao , He Zengwen , Cao Qing , Xue Huiwen , Gou Hui tian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Salmonella, as one of the four major foodborne pathogens, poses a serious challenge to global public health. The aim of this paper is to apply phage eradication for biocontrol of salmonellosis in different food matrices.
Results: This study isolated a novel lytic phage, designated as W5, isolated from livestock and poultry slaughterhouse effluent. W5 displayed effective lytic activity against prevalent Salmonella serotypes, including Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Choleraesuis, and Salmonella Typhi. Morphological observations indicate that phage W5 belongs to the family Myoviridae and the order Caudoviridae, the whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis also confirmed W5 as a novel species within the Cornellvirus genus of the Guernseyvirinae subfamily. The biological characterization revealed that phage W5 had an optimal infection complex of 1, with a brief incubation period of 22 min followed by a logarithmic phase extending from 22 min to 70 min to peak at a maximum of 3.67 × 1011 PFU/mL and achieving a plateau period after 70 min. Moreover, W5 exhibits robust thermal and acid–base stability, optimally active at 50 °C and stable across a pH range of 3 to 13. Neither SM buffer nor glycerol impacted the activity of W5, with 98% of the phage adsorbing to the host bacteria within 13 min of post-mixing. Further tests demonstrated that W5 can inhibit Salmonella in milk, pork, and eggs, effectively prevent biofilm formation, and remove biofilm. These results suggest that phage W5 is abundantly available as a potential antimicrobial agent for Salmonella control in the food industry, owing to its safety and effectiveness.
Conclusions: Biological characterization, genome-wide analysis, and application of phage W5 showed that this phage is a promising candidate for use in phage mixtures or other phage-based preparations.