bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Interfacial Curvature on Marangoni Instability at Water–Oil Interface
Authors: Nanzai Ben , Terashita Daisuke , Igawa Manabu 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This study investigated Marangoni instability at the interface of water–oil biphasic systems with the reversal of the interfacial curvature. In a straight glass tube, a periodic Marangoni flow is observed when the oil phase is convex, but it is not observed when the aqueous phase is convex. The interface curvature is proposed as a novel condition for the occurrence of Marangoni instability.
Cities of the moscow region as centers of tourist attraction
Authors: Адашова Татьяна , Adashova Tatyana , Крейденко Татьяна , Kreydenko Tatyana 
Published: August 2015

The tourism development, based on domestic and entry consumer has recently become especially important in the
modern Russian market of tourist services. It requires the development and implementation of new tourism business
projects, effective implication of territories which were less involved before. As an example, there were taken
the cities of the Moscow region for the study. The analysis of their tourist potential is evidence of little use in tourist
activity and, despite the proximity to the most powerful tourist centre of the country as Moscow, weak representation
in Federal target programs. Researching tourist features of the suburban cities, the authors emphasize their
undeniable advantages in comparison with other Russian cities. The first block is represented with their historical
role in the formation of the Russian state. Special attention is paid to the preservation of the historical environment
and the possibilities for its use in tourist programs and routes. There is discussed the conservation status of 22 “historical
cities”. Rich cultural and historical heritage of the cities of the Moscow region has permitted to allocate the
second block of advantages, giving opportunities for the development of all types of tourism. During the analysis of
existing cultural heritage objects of Federal, regional and local importance there was shown their role in attracting
tourist crowds. The author presents the uniqueness and significance of museums, mansions, monuments related to
the military events and other attractions of the Moscow Region. Special attention is paid to the state programs of
development of tourism in the Moscow region, city unions and associations whose members are cities of the Moscow
region. Evaluated approaches to solving existing problems and prospects of the developed projects concerned
Социально-экономические исследования в туризме и сервисе в России и за рубежом
38 научный журнал ВЕСТНИК АССОЦИАЦИИ ВУЗОВ ТУРИЗМА И СЕРВИСА 2015 / № 3 Том 9
in general, with increasing tourist attractiveness of the Moscow region. The article uses integrated approaches to
showing perspectives of tourism development in cities of the Moscow region which indicate the necessity of a unified
state strategy based on the principles of sustainable development and more effective search of innovative forms of
cooperation of state and municipal authorities with the involvement of private enterprises.
Model of education in the sphere of tourism as an invariant set of organizational-pedagogical conditions and principles
Authors: Сахарчук Елена , Sakharchuk Elena 
Published: August 2015

System international educational comparative studies in the field of specialized tourism education, based on material
from several countries, are not yet available. One of the reasons for this is the lack of scientific and methodological
apparatus, the difficulties of the subject-object identification studies and the identification of the levels and
comparison options. However, the rapidly growing global tourism presents quite effective innovative training models
which would be particularly interesting in the present period, when the Russian education system in the field of
tourism is in the process of change associated with the transition to the next generation standards, and search for
the best forms and methods of organization of the pedagogical process in professional education. The relevance of
comparative studies of the experience of foreign models of education in the field of tourism is determined by the following
factors: the need of Russian pedagogics in the formulation of the theory of adequately solutions of problems
of conceptual approaches and mechanisms to improve the structure and content of vocational education in order
to adapt them to the needs of the developing field of domestic and international tourism; the lack of consistent
industry international comparative research based on the study of different models of tourism training, allowing to
identify the invariant set of organizational-pedagogical conditions of formation of the structure and the content of
the most effective models of training for tourism; the lack of methodological basis of system industry international
comparative research in the field of tourism. The article explains the structure of the model of education in the
sphere of tourism as an invariant set of organizational-pedagogical conditions and principles.
The Impact and Evolution of Group Diversity in Online Open Collaboration
Authors: Ren Yuqing , Chen Jilin , Riedl John 
Published: August 2015

Online open collaboration efforts, such as Wikipedia articles and open source software development, often involve a large crowd with diverse experiences and interests. Diversity, on the one hand, facilitates the access to and integration of a wide variety of information; on the other hand, it may cause conflict and hurt group performance. Although diversity’s effects have been the subject of many studies in offline work groups (with the results remaining inconclusive), its effects in online self-organizing groups are underexplored. In this paper, we examine 648 WikiProjects to understand (1) how tenure disparity and interest variety affect group productivity and member withdrawal and (2) how the two types of diversity evolve over time. Our results show a curvilinear effect of tenure disparity, which increases productivity and decreases member withdrawal, up to a point. Beyond that point, productivity slightly decreases, and members are more likely to withdraw. In comparison, our results show a positive effect of interest variety on productivity and no significant effects on withdrawal. We also find that, over a project’s life cycle, tenure disparity decreases and interest variety increases, with both converging toward the level that is optimal for group performance. Overall, our study highlights the importance of having diverse experiences and perspectives in online open collaboration and the power of self-organizing that helps groups evolve toward their high-performing zones. It also has practical implications on the design of collaboration tools and new forms of organizing work in traditional organizations.This paper was accepted by Sandra Slaughter, information systems.
Interpreting fatigue tests in hot mix asphalt (HMA) using concepts from viscoelasticity and damage mechanics
Authors: Lima Babadopulos Lucas Feitosa de Albuquerque , Soares Jorge Barbosa , Castelo Branco Verônica Teixeira Franco 
Published: August 2015

<p class="Resumo">O futuro método brasileiro de dimensionamento de pavimentos asfálticos possivelmente recomendará, em um nível básico, a realização do ensaio de compressão diametral de carga repetida como ferramenta para a caracterização de fadiga de misturas asfálticas. Em um nível mais avançado, caracterizações mecanísticas incluem a obtenção de propriedades de dano para posterior simulação do comportamento do material. Neste trabalho, duas misturas asfálticas foram avaliadas. A mais rígida delas foi obtida após o envelhecimento da mistura asfáltica original. Estas apresentaram comportamentos semelhantes quanto às propriedades de dano (curva característica de dano segundo o Simplified Viscoelastic Continuum Damage - S-VECD - model). Porém, a mistura asfáltica envelhecida necessitou de seis vezes mais ciclos até a ruptura do material durante o ensaio por compressão diametral, se comparada à mistura asfáltica de referência. O controle da força aplicada durante os pulsos de carga, em vez da tensão, leva à execução de carregamentos diferentes em materiais diferentes. Não havendo inversão do sinal do carregamento, a fluência se acumula levando o material ao dano e à ruptura. Misturas asfálticas mais rígidas e com parcela de comportamento viscoso menos pronunciada tendem a apresentar melhor resposta (maior número de repetições de carga antes da ruptura) nesse ensaio. Consequentemente, seu uso pode levar a falsas conclusões sobre a resistência à fadiga de misturas asfálticas.</p><p class="resumo-texto"> </p>
Vom Frieden her denken. Ökumenische Impulse zur friedensethischen Diskussion
Authors: Raiser Konrad 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
In the discussion on peace ethics, a shift of awareness is gradually taking place, manifest in the abandonment of the classical idea of »just war« and the increasing acceptance of the guiding principle of »just peace«. This complex process aims at founding ethics on the principle of peace instead of war. This essay traces the argumentation of the most recent statements of the EKD (Evangelical Church in Germany) and the Ecumenical Council of Churches. The reorientation of peace ethics has to cope with the moral dilemma whether or not, in spite of the basic advocacy of non-violence, the deployment of violence to protect threatened human lives is acceptable. This essay makes suggestions for the solution of such a dilemma and addresses some concrete consequences of peace ethics as it attempts to argue from the principle of peace
Am Beginn eines ökumenischen »Pilgerwegs der Gerechtigkeit und des Friedens«. Für eine theologisch begründete, politisch verantwortliche und ökumenisch anschlussfähige Friedensethik – aus der Perspektive der Friedenskirchen
Authors: Enns Fernando 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
It seems that peace ethics nowadays faces new challenges because of so-called ›new wars‹, ›asymmetric conflicts‹, ›hybrid warfare‹ and ›failing states‹. Yet political reactions and peaceethical arguments still draw back on old rationales based on the putatively overcome ›just war doctrine‹. Contrary to it, the ecumenical movement has long developed the new conceptual framework of ›just peace‹, which has been continued as the ›pilgrims’ way of peace and justice‹ by the World Council of Churches. - In order to overcome the apparent lack of political alternatives, the present essay assesses this discussion critically from the perspective of Peace Churches and shows new ways towards a peace ethics which is theologically founded, politically reasonable and compatible with ecumenism.
Multi-component synthesis of highly substituted imidazoles catalyzed by nanorod vanadatesulfuric acid
Authors: Nasr-Esfahani Masoud , Montazerozohori Morteza , Abdizadeh Tooba 
Published: August 2015

AbstractNanorod vanadatesulfuric acid (VSA NRs), as a recyclable and eco-benign catalyst, was used for one-pot synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles and 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles using aldehydes, benzil, benzoin or 9,10-phenanthrenequinone and ammonium acetate or aniline under solvent-free conditions providing high to excellent yields. VSA is easily prepared by a simple reaction of chlorosulfonic acid and sodium metavanadate in high purity. As compared with the conventional procedures, the present protocol offers several advantages such as simplicity of procedure, short reaction time, high yields, easy workup, recoverability and reusability of the catalyst and simple purification of the products.
Estimates of the Distance to the Set of Solenoidal Vector Fields and Applications
to A Posteriori Error Control
Authors: Repin Sergey 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The paper is concerned with computable estimates
of the distance between a vector-valued function in
the Sobolev space

W

1
,
γ

(
Ω
,

ℝ
d

)

$W^{1,\gamma }(\Omega ,\mathbb {R}^d)$

(where

γ
∈
(
1
,
+
∞
)

${\gamma \in (1,+\infty )}$

and
Ω is a bounded Lipschitz domain in ℝ
d
)
and the subspace

S

1
,
γ

(
Ω
,

ℝ
d

)

${S^{1,\gamma }(\Omega ,\mathbb {R}^d)}$

containing all divergence-free (solenoidal) vector functions. Derivation of these estimates is closely related to the stability theorem that establishes
existence of a bounded operator inverse to the operator

div

${\operatorname{div}}$

.
The constant in the respective stability inequality
arises in the estimates of the distance to the set

S

1
,
γ

(
Ω
,

ℝ
d

)

${S^{1,\gamma }(\Omega ,\mathbb {R}^d)}$

. In general,
it is difficult to find a guaranteed and realistic upper bound of this global constant.
We suggest a way to circumvent this difficulty by using
weak (integral mean) solenoidality conditions and
localized versions of the stability theorem.
They are derived for the case where
Ω is represented
as a union of simple subdomains (overlapping or non-overlapping),
for which estimates of the corresponding stability constants are known.
These new versions of the stability theorem
imply estimates of the distance to

S

1
,
γ

(
Ω
,

ℝ
d

)

${S^{1,\gamma }(\Omega ,\mathbb {R}^d)}$

that involve only
local constants associated with subdomains. Finally, the estimates are used for deriving fully computable
a posteriori estimates for problems in the theory of incompressible viscous fluids.
On Application of Langevin Dynamics in Logarithmic Potential to Model Ion Channel Gate Activity
Authors: Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka Agata , Borys Przemysław , Grzywna Zbigniew J. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe model the activity of an ion channel gate by Langevin dynamics in a logarithmic potential. This approach enables one to describe the power-law dwell-time distributions of the considered system, and the long-term correlations between the durations of the subsequent channel states, or fractal scaling of statistical characteristics of the gate’s movement with time. Activity of an ion channel gate is described as an overdamped motion of the reaction coordinate in a confining logarithmic potential, which ensures great flexibility of the model. Depending on the chosen parameters, it allows one to reproduce many types of gate dynamics within the family of non-Markovian, anomalous conformational diffusion processes. In this study we apply the constructed model to largeconductance voltage and Ca
Crystal size and shape distribution systematics of plagioclase and the determination of crystal residence times in the micromonzogabbros of Qisir Dagh, SE of Sabalan volcano (NW Iran)
Authors: Pourkhorsandi Hamed , Mirnejad Hassan , Raiesi Davoud , Hassanzadeh Jamshid 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe Qisir Dagh igneous complex occurs as a combination of volcanic and intrusive rocks to the south-east of the Sabalan volcano, north-western Iran. Micromonzogabbroic rocks in the region consist of plagioclase, alkaline feldspar and clinopyroxene as the major mineral phases and orthopyroxene, olivine, apatite and opaque minerals as the accessory minerals. Microgranular and microporphyritic textures are well developed in these rocks. Considering the importance of plagioclase in reconstructing magma cooling processes, the size and shape distribution and chemical composition of this mineral were investigated. Based on microscopic studies, it is shown that the 2-dimensional size average of plagioclase in the micromonzogabbros is 538 micrometers and its 3-dimensional shape varies between tabular to prolate. Crystal size distribution diagrams point to the presence of at least two populations of plagioclase, indicating the occurrence of magma mixing and/or fractional crystallization during magma cooling. The chemical composition of plagioclase shows a wide variation in abundances of Anorthite-Albite-Orthoclase (An=0.31–64.58, Ab=29.26–72.13, Or=0.9–66.97), suggesting a complex process during the crystal growth. This is also supported by the formation of antiperthite lamellae, which formed as the result of alkali feldspar exsolution in plagioclase. The calculated residence time of magma in Qisir Dagh, based on 3D crystal size distribution data, and using growth rate G=10−10mm/s, varies between 457 and 685 years, which indicates a shallow depth (near surface) magma crystallization and subvolcanic nature of the studied samples.
Phytosociology and Ecology of Cressa Cretica L. (Convolvulaceae) on the Eastern Adriatic Coast
Authors: Jasprica Nenad , Milović Milenko , Romić Marija 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The present phytosociological study of the eastern Adriatic coastal salt-marsh at Blato, Croatia, is based on the Braun-Blanquet approach. Five plant associations were recorded in the area: Juncetum maritimo-acuti, Puccinellio festuciformis-Sarcocornietum fruticosae, Scirpetum maritimi, Enteromorpho intestinalidis-Ruppietum maritimae and Cressetum creticae. The association Cressetum creticae was found for the first time in Croatia as well as on the eastern Adriatic coast. This therophytic and halo-nitrophilous association shows a monospecific or paucispecific character and occupies the most haline and the driest parts of the salt-marsh. The association develops during the summer on silty clay substrates with organic matter derived from the decay of plants of the neighboring communities. According to key soil factor analysis no differences of grain size of the soils among the associations were found, while regarding electrical conductivity, Cl- and Na+ concentrations were higher in the Cressetum creticae than in any of the others associations. The particular original features of the site regarding its flora and vegetation would justify some measures of protection and management.
Combining Approaches to Support High Nature Value Farmland in Southern Transylvania , Romania
Authors: Sutcliffe Laura , Akeroyd John , Page Nat , Popa Razvan 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The region of Tarnava Mare in Southern Transylvania contains extensive semi-natural open landscapes maintained by predominantly low-intensity farming, which is widespread in Romania and indeed many areas of Eastern Europe. Threats to these species-rich habitats from agricultural intensification and land abandonment have been increasing in recent years, to a large extent linked with Romania’s accession to the EU in 2007. At the same time, however, the opportunities for biodiversity conservation in the area have expanded. In 2008, the region became a Site of Community Importance (SCI) as part of the Natura 2000 network, and farmers have applied agri-environment schemes as part of the EU Common Agricultural Policy since 2006. Furthermore, the Tarnava Mare region has been the location of several EU and nationally funded projects combining research, practical and information measures. In this article, we review these various instruments from the practical perspective of an NGO that has been working since 2004 to support High Nature Value farmland and rural communities in this region. We focus on three major support measures - agri-environment schemes, Natura 2000, and publicly funded conservation projects - and consider their effects individually and collectively. We conclude that the presence of multiple instruments can have synergistic effects on the conservation of semi-natural open habitats such as HNV farmland, and that this overlap provides a certain amount of resilience: if one instrument fails, another may fill the gap. Cross-cutting projects combining research with activities to tackle the “problem” of the socio-economic undesirability of low-intensity farming as well as the “symptom” of the loss of HNV farmland are also particularly important in this context.
Ecosystem Functions of Steppe Landscapes Near Lake Baikal
Authors: Vanteeva Julia V. , Solodyankina Svetlana V. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Recreational activity has a significant impact on the Priol’khonie steppes and forest steppes, which are part of the Pribaikalskyi National Park (western coast of Lake Baikal, Russia). The aim of this investigation is the assessment of different landscapes’ values for the provision of ecosystems functions and services. To meet these objectives, fieldwork was conducted in the Priol’khonie steppes and forest steppes during the summer of 2013. The function of phytomass formation was considered for different land-cover types identified in the area, and the above-ground phytomass and inter-rill erosion were measured. The level of landscape degradation was estimated and draft maps of phytomass stocks and vulnerability to soil erosion of the investigated area were compiled. To show the dependence between the studied ecosystem functions and the ecosystem services provided by them, a scoring of the latter was made. It was found that characteristics of ecosystem functions varied significantly in the steppes of the Priol’khonie.
Void Formation during Diffusion – Two-Dimensional Approach
Authors: Wierzba Bartek 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The final set of equations defining the interdiffusion process in solid state is presented. The model is supplemented by vacancy evolution equation. The competition between the Kirkendall shift, backstress effect and vacancy migration is considered. The proper diffusion flux based on the Nernst–Planck formula is proposed. As a result, the comparison of the experimental and calculated evolution of the void formation in the Fe-Pd diffusion couple is shown.
Prevalence of injury in ultra trail running
Authors: Malliaropoulos Nikolaos , Mertyri Dimitra , Tsaklis Panagiotis 
Published: August 2015

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to find the rate of musculoskeletal injuries in ultra-trail runners, investigate the most sensitive anatomical areas, and discover associated predicting factors to aid in the effective prevention and rapid rehabilitation of trail running injuries.MethodsForty ultra trail runners responded to an epidemiological questionnaire.ResultsAt least one running injury was reported by 90% of the sample, with a total of 135 injuries were reported (111 overuse injuries, 24 appeared during competing). Lower back pain was the most common source of injury (42.5%). Running in the mountains (<i>p</i> = 0.0004) and following a personalized training schedule (<i>p</i> = 0.0995) were found to be protective factors. Runners involved in physical labor are associated with more injuries (<i>p</i> = 0.058). Higher-level runners are associated with more injuries than lower-level cohorts (<i>p</i> = 0.067), with symptoms most commonly arising in the lower back (<i>p</i> = 0.091), hip joint (<i>p</i> = 0.083), and the plantar surface of the foot (<i>p</i> = 0.054). Experienced runners (> 6 years) are at greater risk of developing injuries (<i>p</i> = 0.001), especially in the lower back (<i>p</i> = 0.012), tibia (<i>p</i> = 0.049), and the plantar surface of the foot (<i>p</i> = 0 .028). Double training sessions could cause hip joint injury (<i>p</i> = 0.060).ConclusionsIn order to avoid injury, it is recommended to train mostly on mountain trails and have a training program designed by professionals.
Semantics and morphosyntax in predictive L2 sentence processing
Authors: Hopp Holger 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn the context of current approaches to anticipation in native and non-native sentence processing, this paper investigates whether late second-language (L2) learners integrate morphosyntax, i.e. case marking, and verb semantics to generate anticipations in L2 sentence comprehension. In a visual-world eye-tracking experiment with 45 L1 English L2 learners of German and 12 German natives, German natives are found to integrate morphosyntactic and lexical-semantic information in anticipatory processing, while L2 learners only rely on lexical-semantic information for prediction. Moreover, there is no indication that increasing proficiency leads to the involvement of morphosyntax in predictive L2 processing. We discuss reasons for the lower sensitivity to morphosyntax in anticipatory L2 sentence processing.