bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1697 – Characteristics Of Schizophrenia In Users And Non Users Of Cannabis
Authors: Allebeck P. , Manrique-Garcia E. , Hemminsson T. , Dalman C. , Zammit S. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundWhile there is increasing evidence on the association between cannabis use and schizophrenia, it is still unclear whether schizophrenia patients with a cannabis history have another prognosis, with regard to relapse and hospital duration, compared to those without a cannabis history.Material and methodsA cohort study of 50000 Swedish men with data on cannabis use at ages 18–20. A total of 350 cases of schizophrenia were identified from inpatient care records and followed up from 1970 through 2010. Records of schizophrenia patients with and without a history of cannabis use were investigated with regard to types of diagnoses, duration of first admission, rate of re-admission and total duration of hospital stay.ResultsSchizophrenia patients with history of cannabis use had a higher median duration of first hospital episode (59 days vs 30 days). Patients with a history of cannabis had a higher median rate of re-admission (10 times vs 4 times). Also total number of hospital days was higher in patients with cannabis history compared to those without (547 days vs 184 days) The distribution of types of schizophrenia was difficult to assess since many received a “unspecified” diagnosis, and there was no significant difference between the groups.ConclusionsSchizophrenia patients with history of cannabis used had significantly higher burden of inpatient care than non cannabis users. Not only does cannabis increase the risk of schizophrenia, but our findings indicate that the type of schizophrenic psychosis may be more severe than schizophrenia cases in general.
1701 – Association Of Personal Anxiety With Attitude Towards The Health And Risk Of Acute Cardiovascular Diseases Over 16-years In Female Population Aged 25–64 In Russia
Authors: Gafarov V. , Panov D. , Gromova E. , Gagulin I. , Gafarova A. 
Published: July 2013

The aimTo study the effect of personal anxiety on relative risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke and its relation with awareness and attitude towards the health in female population of 25–64 years in Russia.Material and methodsUnder the third screening of the WHO “MONICA-psychosocial” program random representative sample of women aged 25–64 years (n=870) were surveyed in Novosibirsk. Levels of personal anxiety were measured at the baseline examination by means of Spilberger’s test. From 1995 to 2010 women were followed for 16 years for the incidence of MI and stroke.ResultsHigh level of anxiety (HLA) in studied cohort revealed in 60% of women. Women with HLA had 1.5-3-fold growth of negative self-rated health (87.5%), about 90% had health complaints, more likely had negative behavioral habits and higher levels of job and family stress compared to those with lower levels of anxiety. Risk of MI development in women with HLA over 16 years of study was higher in 4.2 times (95%CI=1.946-18.583; p=0.05), risk of stroke was higher in 3.5 times (95%CI=1.020-12.015; p< 0.05). MI and stroke incidence rates were higher in married women having HLA with low and high educational level who being in both “middle executives” and “hard manual labor” social classes.ConclusionsThere is high prevalence of HLA in female population aged of 25–64 years. Women with HLA had poor selfrated health and awareness about their health and it associated with higher risk of MI and stroke over 16 years of follow-up.
1707 – The Use Of Aripiprazole During Pregnancy: a Case Report
Authors: Derganc M. , Savs A.P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThere are only few reports on the use of aripiprazole during pregnancy. In our case, the patient was treated with aripiprazole throughout the pregnancy and delivered a healthy baby.Case reportA 31-year-old female was admitted to our hospital for the first time in 2005 as she returned from her postdoctoral studies abroad; prior to the hospitalization, psychotic symptoms had been present for a few months. She had auditory hallucinations and was expressing paranoid delusions. After the treatment with risperidone, the psychotic symptoms subsided. Because of extrapyramidal side effects risperidone was replaced with olanzapine. While on olanzapine she experienced cognitive side effects and was switched to 15 mg of aripiprazole. She achieved good remission and started working again. She got married and in 2009 she decided to stop her medication because she wanted to conceive. Without psychotropic treatment she became paranoid again after 7 months. She resumed with 15 mg of aripiprazole and achieved remission once again. In 2010, after discussing treatment options, she decided to conceive while still on aripiprazole. She got pregnant in June 2011 and in she delivered a healthy baby in February 2012 after a normal pregnancy. She didn’t breast feed. The 6-months followup showed that the baby was developing normally; the parents intend to have another child.ConclusionIn the presented case the benefits of effective and well tolerated antipsychotic treatment outweighed potential risks associated with prenatal exposure. This is the second case report of the use of aripiprazole during the whole pregnancy.
1708 – Use Of Music As a Resource For Psychosocial Care In The Context Of Psychiatric Brazilian Reform
Authors: Cardoso T.M. , Araújo Lima E.M. F. 
Published: July 2013

This work is part of a Master’s Degree Program held in Brazil. The research makes a genealogical study on musical practices made in the Mental and Collective Health public services in Brazil, in a specific historical period known as the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform. This occurred at a time of democratization post-military dictatorship, inspired by the ideas and experiences of European countries such as Italy, England, France and other American countries, like the United States. The objective of this work is to understand the practices on the use of music, especially in the “Music Workshop”/Atelier as a device that, in the field of psychosocial care, has several interventional functions and acts in a particular way over the subjectivities, especially in individuals in psychological suffering that benefit from mental health services. We use the historical-critical research method, inspired by Nietzsche and Foucault’s genealogy, to investigate knowledge and forces that are involved in producing a sense of music associated with mental health. Results of these studies led us to the clinical understanding of music as a therapeutic tool, in art and education practices and as a form of social reintegration. From this, we conclude that:1)historically, music was intended for various purposes, not just the enjoyment of aesthetics;2)its relationship to health is not current and3)it is worrying the use of music as one of the utilitarian tool used by psychological and psychiatric sciences, because it puts at risk to some extent, the dimension of music as art.
1724 – Management Of Borderline Personality Disorder: Compliance With Nice Cg 78 In The Female Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit (picu), Elizabeth Casson House, Bristol, Uk
Authors: Gintalaite-Bieliauskiene K. , Dixon R. , Bennett L. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionA modest body of research has emerged documenting the characteristics of 170 PICU populations in the UK (2006). No specific data is available about Crisis Management of patients diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) in Female PICUs.ObjectiveTo offer the first service evaluation project in the UK of the BPD group in PICU and to review compliance with the NICE guidelines, ‘Borderline Personality Disorder: Treatment and Management’, 2009.AimsTo measure rates of compliance with NICE guidelines as a gold standard.MethodsRetrospective cross sectional review of patient records.ResultsThe project included data of 46 admissions (from 2007 to 2010). Ninety-seven percent of patients were White British. The median length of involvement with mental health services prior to the first admission to ECH was 12 years. Seventy percent of patients showed mixed engagement with services. All patients presented with complex needs, all were detained under the Mental Health Act. The commonest primary reason for admission was self harm or threatening behavior. Seventysix percent of patients were provided with the copy of the multi-disciplinary care plan at the time of admission. Antipsychotic polypharmacy and prescription of antidepressants was reduced during the admission. In 80% of admissions discharge planning was discussed with the patient and documented. In 54% of discharges the care coordinator was involved and at discharge 26% of patients were informal.ConclusionsSpecific target criteria in the NICE guidelines were not complied with fully. For 85% of admissions the initial purpose of admission was fully achieved.
1725 – Using Home Recruitment To Increase Representativeness Of Schizophrenia Research
Authors: Haapea M. , Isohanni M. , Jääskeläinen E. , Veijola J. , Miettunen J. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe participation rates in epidemiologic studies have declined in recent decades. Missing data reduce sample size, statistical power, and scientific quality.ObjectiveTo study use of home interviews in recruiting individuals with a psychosis.AimsTo evaluate effect of home-recruitment on non-response bias.MethodsIn the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort, field surveys on psychosis were conducted in 1999-2001 and 2008-2010. In order to increase participation in the follow-up sample, cases were offered to be interviewed at home. We studied symptoms, illness severity, functioning, cognition, antipsychotics use, and grey matter (GM) volume between home-recruited and regular participants (RP), and non-participants (NP). Effect sizes (d) were calculated to compare the differences.ResultsAltogether 18 (33%) out of the follow-up sample (n=54) were home-recruited, 27 did not participate. Home-recruited had more symptoms, lower functioning, cognition and GM volume, and they had used more antipsychotics compared to RP and NP in baseline. NP did not differ from RP. The same differences occurred when home-recruited were compared with RP in the follow-up study.[Selected information from baseline study] Homerecruited participantsRegular participantsNonparticipantsANOVA Mean (SD)Mean (SD)Mean (SD)Pd1d2PANSS, negative19 (11)12 (6)14 (10)0.0280.890.48PANSS, disorganization21 (9)15 (7)16 (9)0.0330.810.60PANSS, excitement13 (5)10 (2)12 (5)0.0250.910.38SOFAS40 (19)57 (15)54 (15)0.002-1.04-0.85CVLT, total recall39 (14)51 (13)44 (16)0.032-0.89-0.30Dose years44 (47)15 (18)12 (13)0.0020.921.00Grey matter volume593 (60)642 (64)623 (61)0.039-0.77-0.49ConclusionOwing to the home-recruitment we were able to collect data that may be reasonably non-biased in terms of nonresponse bias, which will yield valid estimates in our future studies on change over time in brain and cognitive ability, prevalence and severity of psychotic illnesses, outcome, medication use, and other issues of interest.
1733 – Physical And Sexual Violence As Risk Factors For Those Who Commit Acts Of Rape And Pedophilia
Authors: di Giacomo E. , Clerici M. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundThe work purpose was to examine the role physical and sexual abuse during childhood plays as risk factors for committing acts of sexual violence or child abuse once becoming adults.MethodsWe selected - from EBM literature published in the last ten years - the most significant studies, no neglecting previous studies also useful for a better comprehension about physical and sexual abuses suffered during childhood and their commission once adults.ResultsTo have been victims of physical and sexual violence during childhood predisposes to perpetrate similar behaviors. The family background seems to be the greatest risk factor for the development of such behaviors. This is demonstrated by studies of twins in which only one suffers sexual violence but both experience unfavorable outcomes like the examined. In particular, pedophiles are more exposed to sexual violence during childhood (73%) while rapist to physical and emotional abuse (68%, 70%), especially by parents (78%), but both share models of pathological attachment (anxious for pedophiles and avoiding for rapists).ConclusionsEven if with different results, we can highlight how to be a victim of violence during childhood, especially in a family context characterized by physical or sexual violence, is one of the greatest risk factors in becoming an abuser. This evidence should be a major impetus to further researches, but mainly to act measures to safeguard the victims from the consequences of the trauma they suffered and from the development of future similar behavior.
1736 – Long-acting Injectable Risperidone And Oral Antipsychotics In Patients With Schizophrenia - a Prospective One-year Non-interventional Study (inors)
Authors: Schreiner A. , Svensson A. , Wapenaar R. , Cherubin P. , Princet P. , Serazetdinova L. , Starostina N. , Zink M. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction and objectivesTo explore safety, tolerability, treatment response and hospitalizations in adult patients with schizophrenia treated with long-acting injectable risperidone (RLAI) or oral antipsychotic standard of care (oAP) in routine clinical practice.MethodsProspective one-year open-label non-interventional study exploring flexible doses of RLAI and oAPs. Primary outcome was the number of hospitalizations from baseline to endpoint. Additional outcomes were changes in the Clinical Global Impression of Schizophrenia (CGI-SCH), patient functioning (Global Assessment of Functioning) and treatmentemergent adverse events (TEAEs).ResultsThe intent-to-treat analysis included 561 patients on RLAI and 522 patients on oAPs (44% female gender, mean age (±SD) 42.2±13.1 years). Demographics and baseline characteristics were comparable, yet RLAI-treated patients had higher disease severity, lower baseline functioning and more substance abuse. The number of hospitalizations did not differ between the two groups while median duration of hospitalization was significantly shorter with RLAI (12.3 vs 20.6 days). Positive, negative, cognitive symptoms, disease severity, patient functioning and medication satisfaction improved significantly better with RLAI than oAPs. The most frequently reported TEAEs (=2% in any group) for RLAI and oral APs were increase of body weight (5.0%; 5.6%), psychotic disorder (2.7%; 4.0%), schizophrenia (2.5%; 3.1%), anxiety (2.3%; 2.7%), insomnia (0.9%; 3.1%) and somnolence (0.4%; 2.5%), respectively.ConclusionThis one-year non-interventional study supports results of recent randomized controlled trials that treatment with RLAI is associated with less days spent in hospital, better symptomatic and functional outcomes and higher patient satisfaction with medication compared to oral APs.
1737 – Incidence And Pattern Of Admission Of Delirium In Psychiatric Patients In Denmark
Authors: Lundberg A.S. , Okkels N. , Tidselbak Larsen J. , Uhrskov Sørensen L. , Munk-Jørgensen P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDelirium is a common complex syndrome with serious outcomes such as increased mortality, physical morbidity and length of hospitalization. There are similarities with symptoms of mental illnesses, which may lead to under-diagnosis of delirium in psychiatric patients. Thus in spite of the severity of delirium, it frequently goes unrecognised and hence is inadequately managed.The literature about the incidence of delirium in psychiatric patients is sparse.ObjectivesA description of the pattern of admission will help understand the clinical features of delirium.AimsTo estimate the diagnostic incidence and describe the pattern of admission (inpatient, outpatient and emergency) of delirium in Danish psychiatric patients from 1994–2011.MethodUsing a nationwide population-based mental health register to examine diagnoses of delirium from 1994–2011, where ICD-10 diagnostic criteria have been used. The delirium diagnoses include delirium unspecified, delirium superimposed on dementia and delirium due to alcohol or drug use or in a withdrawal state. The incidence rates were age-standardized and the statistical analyses performed with STATA.ResultsMales dominate in all three groups of delirium diagnoses. The incidence rates of delirium unspecified in hospitalized patients have increased markedly, graph 1. The incidence rates of delirium in hospitalized dementia do not show the same increase.Fig. 1[graph 1]ConclusionThe incidence rates of delirium unspecified in hospitalized psychiatric patients have increased.
1751 – Does An Increase Of Staff Number Contribute To Changes In Physical Restraint Rates? a Longitudinal Measurement In a Geropsychiatry Unit
Authors: Voigtländer B.S. , Barth T. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionIn Psychiatry there is a controversial discussion about the use of coercion in general. Against this background the question, by which factors physical restraint rates can be influenced is of foremost importance.ObjectivesIn early 2008 we determined that those patients from the Geropsychiatry unit were most affected by physical restraints.AimsWith the aim, to decrease physical restraint rates, a new concept of care was implemented in the Geropsychiatry unit. It included changes to staffing structure and staffing levels.MethodsWe performed a pre-post study (pre: 1st half of 2008, post I: 1st half of 2009, post II: 1st half of 2010, post III: 1st half of 2011). The evaluation focused on the criteria “staff number”, “physical restraint rates” and “fall rates”. The information value of the results is limited due to the used study design.ResultsThere were no significant changes regarding the socio-demographic and performance data. The number of registered nurses (pre: 100%; post III: 122%) and assistant staff (pre: 100%; post III: 142) in real time increased by a total of 52 working hours per day on average. There were a significant decrease of the ratio of physically restrained patients (pre: 0.19; post III: 0.08; p < 0.0005), the total duration of restraint (pre: 3162 h; post III: 781 h; p < 0.0001), a reduction regarding further restraint criteria and insignificant changes in fall rates.ConclusionsThe results emphasize that changes to staffing levels can influence physical restraint rates. More and highquality research is needed.
1755 – Postpartum Depression, Anxiety And Marital Relationship: a Pilot Study
Authors: Di Marco S. , Gambaro E. , Zeppegno P. , Gramaglia C. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe quality of a woman's relationship with her partner is associated with an increased risk of developing anxiety and depression in the postpartum.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of post-partum depression (PPD) and correlation between anxiety and depression in postpartum and the marital relationship in a sample of couples recruited at the Gynaecology Ward, “Maggiore della Carità” Hospital, Novara.AimsEvaluation of marital relationship functioning with regards to PDD onset.MethodsThis longitudinal study involved 44 couples recruited from February 2012 to March 2012. Single women, women suffering from severe chronic illnesses, drug addiction or alcoholism and with a previous diagnosis of psychiatric disorders were excluded. Mothers-to-be were assessed for depression and anxiety, during pregnancy and after delivery with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Both parents were assessed with the Relationship Satisfaction Scale (RSS); Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS); Marital Adjustment Test (MAT).ResultsThe prevalence of PDD was 18% according to the EPDS and 10.5% according to the BDI-II. No gender differences emerged as far as the partner relationship is concerned. The Chi-square analysis revealed a statistically significant inverse correlation between the development of PDD assessed with EPDS after delivery and RSS score (p = 0.039) and RAS (p = 0.05). A statistically significant inverse correlation emerged between BDI-II and RAS (p = 0.005), and BDD and MAT (p = 0.006).ConclusionsThe prevalence of PDD was consistent with the literature. Satisfaction with the marital relationship and the functioning of parental relationship correlates with PDD onset. Clinical implications are discussed.
1761 – Alcohol Consumption And Cannabis Use In Young Adult Czechs
Authors: Csémy L. , Sovinova H. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectivesThe main objective of the study is to explore associations between alcohol consumption and marijuana use in young adults and to discuss the opportunities for brief intervention.MethodsFace to face structured interviews were carried out with 2,221 young adult Czechs (mean age 29.9, sd. 5.8 years). 51.4% were males. Alcohol consumption was calculated using beverage specific quantity frequency method. Alcohol-related problems were assessed using the Czech version of the AUDIT. Frequency of marijuana use in the last twelve months was asked as well.ResultsThe overall alcohol consumption was 9.2 litres of pure alcohol per person and year. The last year prevalence of marijuana use was 21.8%. Marijuana use positively correlated with the frequency of beer drinking (r=.27), frequency of heavy episodic drinking [HED] (r = .32) and with the summary score in AUDIT (r = .39). Harmful or problem drinkers (AUDIT score >16) reported marijuana use more frequently than moderate drinkers (60% compared to 18.8%; OR = 6.54; 95% CI = 4.7; 9.1). OR for marihuana use in heavy episodic drinkers was 4.3 (95% CI = 3.3; 5.6).DiscussionThe results suggest that frequent HED and harmful drinking are closely associated with marijuana use in younger adults. Since marijuana use (including heavy use) is rather common in the Czech Republic, it would be recommendable to also extend screening and brief intervention to reduce the use of cannabis. The existing guidelines for brief intervention should be modified in order to cover marijuana consumption as well.
1762 – Defense Mechanisms, Personality Disorders And Eating Disorders: a Comparison
Authors: Pini E. , Caslini M. , Zappa L.E. , Bartoli F. , Lax A. , Clerici M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAn analysis of the literature on eating disorders (ED) indicates that Eds are often comorbid with the diagnosis of Personality Disorder (PD). This seems to be a psychopathological feature, characteristic of this patient population. However, the double classification seems to be often insufficient when describing a very complex psychopathological picture. These observations have informed our intention to investigate these two distinct nosographic groups by means of a single construct.AimsThe aim of this study is to identify and describe (through tests that evaluate defense mechanisms) the defensive styles that characterize the two groups of patients, in order to outline a defensive profile that can assimilate or differentiate the psychopathological groups.Materials and methodsThe study was carried at the Department of Psichiatry of the San Gerardo Hospital in Monza. The Defence Style Questionnaire-40 (Farma Cortinovis, 2000) was administered and analysed. The sample consisted of 40 participants with eating disorders, recruited among the outpatients for eating disorders, and 40 patients with personality disorders recruited from two Psychiatric Outpatient Services.Results and conclusionsThe data analysis showed a statistical significance in the use of Immature defense mechanisms and Neurotic defence mechanisms in both clinical samples.The patients with PD used a significantly higher number of psychotic defense mechanisms than patients with ED. These results may suggest that in ED patients, the symptoms can be themselves considered as defense mechanisms, or a defensive style that characterizes and makes specific the psychopathological picture.