bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of a von Willebrand factor/factor VIII concentrate (Wilate®): a single centre experience
Authors: Batty P. , Chen Y. ‐H. , Bowles L. , Hart D. P. , Platton S. , Pasi K. J. 
Published: August 2014

Summary
von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the commonest inherited bleeding disorder. Management of major surgery or bleeding often requires treatment with a plasma‐derived (pd) VWF/FVIII containing concentrate. Wilate® is a dual‐virally inactivated pd‐concentrate, produced specifically for the treatment of VWD, containing physiological (1:1) ratios of VWF: FVIII. We reviewed efficacy and safety of Wilate® usage (2007–2012) at our centre including 2 years following product switching the majority of patients. Clinical and laboratory data of all adult patients treated with Wilate® during the study period were evaluated. Fifty four patients used 3 972 150 IU of Wilate® (1378 infusions) between 1/3/07 and 1/5/12. Efficacy was rated as being excellent or good in 94% of surgical episodes (n = 70; 34 patients) and 98% of bleeding/traumatic episodes (n = 46; 25 patients). Eight patients (2 636 100 IU) were managed on home treatment regimens. Two patients switched to Wilate® prophylaxis in the evaluation period, demonstrating similar efficacy to a previous product. Incremental recoveries (n = 37) were 2.24 IU dL−1 per IU kg−1 for FVIII:C, 2.39 IU dL−1 per IU kg−1 for VWF:Ag and 1.88 IU dL−1 per IU kg−1 for VWF:RCo. Six adverse events occurred in six patients (11.1% patients) over 1378 infusions (0.44%). Half of these were retrospectively felt to be infusion speed related. No notable accumulation of FVIII was seen in patients treated for ≥3 days. There was no treatment failure, thrombosis, transfusion transmitted infection or inhibitory VWF antibodies seen. Our findings confirm safety and efficacy of Wilate® in an adult VWD population with lack of notable FVIII accumulation.
Piperacillin/tazobactam‐induced neurotoxicity in a hemodialysis patient: A case report
Authors: Neves Precil Diego M. M. , Freitas Fernanda M. , Kojima Christiane A. , Carmello Beatriz L. , Bazan Rodrigo , Barretti Pasqual , Martin Luis C. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAntibiotics are potentially a cause of neurotoxicity in dialysis patients, the most common are the beta‐lactams as ceftazidime and cefepime, and few cases have been reported after piperacillin/tazobactam use. This report presents a case of a hypertensive and diabetic 67‐year‐old woman in regular hemodialysis, which previously had a stroke. She was hospitalized presenting pneumonia, which was initially treated with cefepime. Two days after treatment, she presented dysarthria, left hemiparesis, ataxia, and IX and X cranial nerves paresis. Computed tomography showed no acute lesions and cefepime neurotoxicity was hypothesized, and the antibiotic was replaced by piperacillin/tazobactam. The neurologic signs disappeared; however, 4 days after with piperacillin/tazobactam treatment, the neurological manifestations returned. A new computed tomography showed no new lesions, and the second antibiotic regimen withdrawn. After two hemodialysis sessions, the patient completely recovered from neurological manifestations. The patient presented sequentially neurotoxicity caused by two beta‐lactams antibiotics. This report meant to alert clinicians that these antibiotics have dangerous neurological effects in chronic kidney disease patients.
Myofibroblasts from salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinomas promote cancer invasion by expressing MMP2 and CXCL12
Authors: Guan Haijie , Tan Jie , Zhang Fuyin , Gao Lu , Bai Liang , Qi Dongyuan , Dong Hui , Zhu Lei , Li Xiaojie , Liu Tingjiao 
Published: August 2014

ObjectivesSalivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most common malignant tumours in the oral and maxillofacial region, and has high aggressive potential. Tumour and stroma interactions are critical in determining the biological characteristics of malignancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of myofibroblasts and their roles in the invasive characteristics of ACC.Methods and resultsImmunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of vimentin (VIM), α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and CD34 in ACCs and normal salivary gland controls. A significant difference in α‐SMA expression was found between normal controls and ACCs, suggesting the presence of myofibroblasts in ACCs. Immunohistochemical staining also demonstrated higher MMP2 expression in the stroma of ACCs than in the controls (P < 0.001). Primary culture of myofibroblasts from one ACC showed great invasive activity, with high expression of MMP2 and C‐X‐C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) analysis.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the presence of myofibroblasts in ACC. Myofibroblasts might be related to the aggressive growth behaviour of ACC, owing to their high levels of expression of MMP2 and CXCL12.
Lightning Rods in the Local Moral Economy: Debating Unauthorized Migrants' Deservingness in Israel
Authors: Willen Sarah S. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractLocalized debates about who unauthorized migrants are and what they do, or do not, deserve unfold in a culturally specific register that is deeply charged with emotion and moral valuation. Structuring such debates are vernacular discursive frames that emerge from, and reflect, a common “local moral economy.” Taking Israel as case study, this article examines six elements of the country's local moral economy – biopolitical logic, historical memory, political emotion, popularized religion, an ideology of “fruitful multiplication,” and hasbara (“public diplomacy”/propaganda) – and explores their impact on public debates about unauthorized and irregular forms of migration. Here, as elsewhere, conventionalized distinctions that frame much migration scholarship – e.g. “economic” vs. “political” migrants, “migrant workers” vs. “refugees,” even the terms “authorized” and “unauthorized” themselves – bear but limited salience. Migration researchers who hope to influence local policy debates must recognize the weight and influence of local moral economies, and the chasms that divide vernacular from conventionalized frames. Achieving this sort of nuanced understanding is, at root, an ethnographic challenge.
Immunomodulatory oligonucleotides inhibit neutrophil migration by decreasing the surface expression of interleukin‐8 and leukotriene B4 receptors
Authors: Admyre Charlotte , Axelsson Lars‐Göran , von Stein Oliver , Zargari Arezou 
Published: August 2014

SummaryNeutrophils play important roles in many inflammatory diseases. The migration of neutrophils to the inflammatory site is tightly regulated by specific chemokines, of which interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) constitute key mediators by binding to the surface receptors CXCR1/2 and BLT1, respectively. Oligonucleotides (ODN) containing CpG motifs mediate potent immunomodulatory effects through binding to Toll‐like receptor 9. So far, knowledge on how ODN can affect neutrophil migration during inflammation is lacking. This study demonstrates that several novel CpG ODN significantly down‐regulate the surface expression of CXCR1/2 and BLT1. In addition, the ODN significantly blocked IL‐8‐induced and LTB4‐induced neutrophil migration in vitro, as well as leucocyte migration in vivo demonstrated in mice by intravital microscopy and in a model of airway inflammation. The down‐regulation of CXCR1 is rapid, occurring 15 min after ODN stimulation, and can be mediated through an endosomally independent mechanism. Inhibition of the IL‐8 and LTB4 pathways may provide new opportunities of therapeutic intervention using ODN to reduce neutrophil infiltration during inflammation.
Formation of Ferroelectric Phases in Sb–S–I Glasses
Authors: Savytskii Dmytro , Atwater Katherine , Dierolf Volkmar , Jain Himanshu 
Published: August 2014

We have investigated devitrification of glasses within infrared transmitting xSbSI–(100 − x)Sb2S3 pseudo‐binary series, which forms SbSI and Sb2S3 ferroelectric crystal phases. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X‐ray powder diffraction results show unusual behavior for the formation of the SbSI phase, which occurs by two parallel processes: one‐dimensional crystallization at low temperature which starts from the sample surface, and three‐dimensional bulk crystallization that continues the transformation to crystalline state at higher temperatures. The ratio of the intensities of the high‐temperature exothermal peak to the low‐temperature peak in DSC scans increases as the particle size and heating rate are increased. In contrast to the SbSI phase, the temperature of crystallization for the Sb2S3 phase does not depend on the particle size. Models are proposed for the origin of the various crystallization mechanisms.
Microwave Dielectric Properties and Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Currents of MgF2‐Doped Diopside Ceramics
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhou Yuanyuan , Peng Bin , Xie Zhenkun , Zhang Xiaohua , Yue Zhenxing 
Published: August 2014

A new low‐fired dielectric material derived from CaMg0.9Zn0.1Si2O6 (CMZS) ceramics with high quality factor was synthesized by solid‐state reaction method. The effects of MgF2 addition on the sinterability, phase composition, crystal defects, and microwave dielectric properties of CMZS were investigated. MgF2 was proved not only to lower the sintering temperature to ~1000°C but also to remarkably modify the microwave dielectric properties of CMZS. In addition to the main diopside phase, forsterite was identified as the secondary phase in all MgF2‐doped samples. Dielectric temperature spectra showed that MgF2 induced significant dielectric relaxations associated with oxygen vacancy defects to CMZS. Thermally stimulated depolarization current was, therefore, considered to obtain the defects associated with extrinsic microwave dielectric loss mechanisms. Compared with undoped CMZS, although the concentration of oxygen vacancies showed a notable increase in the 5 wt% MgF2‐doped CMZS, the Q×f values were still improved. Here, with proper MgF2‐doping, it demonstrated that the microwave dielectric loss was basically influenced by phase composition. The excellent characteristics of εr = 7.78, Q×f = 151 800 GHz, and τf = −26.40 ppm/°C were achieved from the 5 wt% MgF2‐doped specimens sintered at 1000°C.
Evaluation of Blood Pressure Reduction Response and Responder Characteristics to Fixed‐Dose Combination Treatment of Amlodipine and Losartan: A Post Hoc Analysis of Pooled Clinical Trials
Authors: Unniachan Sreevalsa , Wu David , Rajagopalan Srinivasan , Hanson Mary E. , Fujita Kenji P. 
Published: August 2014

Data from four clinical trials compared reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) among patients treated with amlodipine/losartan 5/50 mg vs 5/100 mg and amlodipine/losartan 5/50 mg vs amlodipine 5 mg and 10 mg. Response rate was assessed as reduction in SBP or DBP (>20/10 mm Hg) and proportion of patients achieving SBP <140 mm Hg or DBP <90 mm Hg. Patients were grouped into quartiles based on baseline SBP and DBP. Mean SBP and DBP were reduced in amlodipine/losartan 5/50 mg (n=182) and amlodipine/losartan 5/100 mg (n=95) users across all baseline quartiles. Patients using amlodipine/losartan 5/50 mg had significantly greater SBP and DBP reductions vs amlodipine 5 mg (P=.001 and P=.02, respectively). Amlodipine/losartan 5/50 mg users had significantly greater SBP reduction vs amlodipine 10 mg (SBP P=.02; DBP P=not significant). The odds of responding to therapy were significantly greater with amlodipine/losartan 5/50 mg vs amlodipine 5 mg (odds ratio, 5.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.42–25.5) and were similar vs amlodipine 10 mg (odds ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.017–9.51). These results support the use of combination therapy early in the treatment of hypertension.
Catastrophic Medical Malpractice Payouts in Spain
Authors: Arimany-Manso J. , Gómez-Durán E. L. , Barbería-Marcalain E. , Benet-Travé J. , Martin-Fumadó C. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract:
Patient safety and professional liability are major concerns worldwide. Despite the pervasive influence of catastrophic malpractice payouts, little is known about the specific characteristics and the overall relevance and characteristics of these payouts, especially outside U.S. borders. Five hundred fifty claims led to a payout among 2,236 claims from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2010, in Catalonia (Spain). We analyzed data on patient, provider, and claim characteristics. Accordingly to our sample, Spanish catastrophic payouts (SCP) were defined as payouts over €200,000, which was found in 32 cases (5.8%). Diagnostic errors and patient death were not as relevant as previously reported. However, it is remarkable that the literature emanating from different countries shows similar trends besides contextual differences: patients suffering minor injuries are not likely to receive a catastrophic payout, catastrophic payouts are associated with patient age less than one; SCP are most associated with anesthesiology and resuscitation, general surgery, and obstetrics and gynecology; and SCP were more likely to occur when a case went to trial compared to when a case was settled out of court. Studies, such as this, provide a wider picture of the medical liability worldwide reality and helps avoiding isolated discourses.
Psychological Flexibility as a Framework for Understanding and Improving Family Reintegration Following Military Deployment
Authors: Sandoz Emily K. , Moyer Danielle N. , Armelie Aaron P. 
Published: August 2014

Postdeployment reintegration may present an exceptional challenge to service members and their families; yet, overcoming this challenge seems to strengthen family relationships through a shared sense of purpose. Navigating family reintegration may be an important determinant of long‐term psychological well‐being. If the needs of military families are to be answered effectively, it is of critical importance to identify the skills that facilitate positive reintegration following deployment. This article proposes psychological flexibility as a group of interrelated skills that could be directly intervened on to facilitate not only resilience but also positive growth and development. This paper focuses on the conceptualization of family reintegration in terms of psychological flexibility, including common deficits observed in this population and potential goals of treatment.Video Abstract
Intramedullary spinal cord abscess: The result of a missed congenital dermal sinus
Authors: Kanaheswari Yoganathan , Lai CheeHoe , Raja Lope Raja Juanita , Azizi Abu Bakar , Zulfiqar Muhamed Annuar 
Published: August 2014

AbstractCongenital dermal sinus (CDS) and occult spinal dysraphism are suspected when a cutaneous marker overlies the spine of a newborn. CDS can have the appearance of a simple dimple and occur within the gluteal cleft without any skin markers. CDS are the commonest cause of intramedullary spinal cord abscess.
Dietary supplementation of β‐hydroxy‐β‐methylbutyrate in animals – a review
Authors: Szcześniak K. A. , Ostaszewski P. , Fuller J. C. , Ciecierska A. , Sadkowski T. 
Published: August 2014

SummaryThe leucine metabolite β‐hydroxy‐β‐methylbutyrate (HMB) has been studied by many researchers over the last two decades. In particular, the utility of HMB supplementation in animals has been shown in numerous studies, which have demonstrated enhanced body weight gain and carcass yield in slaughter animals; positive immunostimulatory effect; decreased mortality; attenuation of sarcopenia in elderly animals; and potential use in pathological conditions such as glucocorticoid‐induced muscle loss. The aim of this study was to summarize the body of research on HMB supplementation in animals and to examine possible mechanisms of HMB action. Furthermore, while the safety of HMB supplementation in animals is well documented, studies demonstrating efficacy are less clear. The possible reasons for differences in these findings will also be examined.
Differing Default Mode Network Activities in Men with Homosexual or Heterosexual Preferences
Authors: Hu Shaohua , Xu Dongrong , Peterson Bradley S. , Wang Qidong , Lai Jianbo , Hu Jianbo , Wei Ning , Zhang Minming , Xu Yi 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Neuroimaging studies have reported differences in brain structure and function between homosexual and heterosexual men. The neural basis for homosexual orientation, however, is still unknown.

Aim
This study characterized the association of homosexual preference with measures of fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) in the resting state.

Methods
We collected echo planar magnetic resonance imaging data in 26 healthy homosexual men and 26 age-matched heterosexual men in the resting state.

Main Outcome Measures
Sexual orientation was evaluated using the Kinsey scale. We assessed group differences in fALFF and then, taking the identified group differences as seed regions, we compared groups on measures of FC from those seeds. The behavioral significance of the group differences in fALFF and FC was assessed by examining their associations with the Kinsey scores.

Results
Compared with heterosexual participants, homosexual men showed significantly increased fALFF in the right middle frontal gyrus and right anterior cerebellum, and decreased fALFF in the left postcentral gyrus, left lingual gyrus, right pallidum, right postcentral gyrus, left interior parietal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, left cuneus, and left inferior frontal gyrus. Additionally, fALFF in the left postcentral gyrus and left cuneus correlated positively with Kinsey scores in the homosexual participants. When the seeds in the left cuneus, left cuneus, and left superior parietal gyrus also had reduced FC in homosexual participants, FC correlated positively with the Kinsey scores.

Conclusions
Differences in fALFF and FC suggest male sexual preference may influence the pattern activity in the default mode network.
Prevalence of Bacteremia in Dairy Cattle with Acute Puerperal Metritis
Authors: Credille B.C. , Woolums A.R. , Giguère S. , Robertson T. , Overton M.W. , Hurley D.J. 
Published: August 2014

BackgroundAcute puerperal metritis (APM) affects 30% of postpartum dairy cattle. Bacteremia negatively impacts survival in cattle with coliform mastitis. However, the prevalence of bacteremia in dairy cattle withAPMis unknown.HypothesisBacteremia is detectable in a large proportion of cattle withAPM.AnimalsSeventeen dairy cows withAPMand 17 healthy dairy cattle.MethodsProspective case‐control study. Cases were identified by daily monitoring of cattle in the first 10 days after calving. Controls were matched to cases by parity and days in milk. Cows were examined at the time of identification ofAPM. A complete blood count, serum biochemical analysis, and bacteriologic culture of blood and lochial fluid were performed on each animal at the time of diagnosis. The same samples were collected from healthy herdmates of a similar parity and days in milk. Blood culture results and clinicopathologic variables were compared between groups. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated withAPM, whereas multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with bacteremia.ResultsBacteremia occurred in 53% (9/17) of cattle withAPMand 53% (8/15) controls.Bacillusspp. was the organism most commonly isolated from the bloodstream in cattle of both groups. Bacteremic cattle in both groups were significantly less likely to have basophils in the peripheral circulation (P = .02) and more likely to have higher serum globulin concentrations (P = .02).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBacteremia is a common occurrence in postpartum dairy cattle. Further study is warranted to investigate the modes by which bacteria colonize the bloodstream in this population of animals and the importance of bacteremia on health and productivity of affected animals.
Residual Wage Inequality and Immigration in the USA and the UK
Authors: Rienzo Cinzia 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis paper assesses the effects of immigration on the increasing residual wage inequality in the USA and UK from 1994 to 2008. It does so by using an extension of the Lemieux (2006) methodology, whereby counterfactual residual variances are constructed to account not only for composition effects (changes in education‐experience of the workforce), but also for increasing immigration in the labour force. The empirical analysis reveals that residual wage inequality is higher among immigrants than among natives. However, increase in immigration does not seem to represent the major force behind the increase in residual wage inequality for the USA and for the UK.
53Mn‐53Cr dating of aqueously formed carbonates in the CM2 lithology of the Sutter's Mill carbonaceous chondrite
Authors: Jilly Christine E. , Huss Gary R. , Krot Alexander N. , Nagashima Kazuhide , Yin Qing‐Zhu , Sugiura Naoji 
Published: August 2014

AbstractRadiometric dating of secondary minerals can be used to constrain the timing of aqueous alteration on meteoritic parent bodies. Dolomite is a well‐documented secondary mineral in CM chondrites, and is thought to have formed by precipitation from an aqueous fluid on the CM parent body within several million years of accretion. The petrographic context of crosscutting dolomite veins indicates that aqueous alteration occurred in situ, rather than in the nebular setting. Here, we present 53Mn‐53Cr systematics for dolomite grains in Sutter's Mill section SM51‐1. The Mn‐Cr isotope data show well‐resolved excesses of 53Cr correlated with 55Mn/52Cr ratio, which we interpret as evidence for the in situ decay of radioactive 53Mn. After correcting for the relative sensitivities of Mn and Cr using a synthetic Mn‐ and Cr‐bearing calcite standard, the data yield an isochron with slope corresponding to an initial 53Mn/55Mn ratio of 3.42 ± 0.86 × 10−6. The reported error includes systematic uncertainty from the relative sensitivity factor. When calculated relative to the U‐corrected Pb‐Pb absolute age of the D'Orbigny angrite, Sutter's Mill dolomites give a formation age between 4564.8 and 4562.2 Ma (2.4–5.0 Myr after the birth of the solar system). This age is contemporaneous with previously reported ages for secondary carbonates in CM and CI chondrites. Consistent carbonate precipitation ages between the carbonaceous chondrite groups suggest that aqueous alteration was a common process during the early stages of parent body formation, probably occurring via heating from internal 26Al decay. The high‐precision isochron for Sutter's Mill dolomite indicates that late‐stage processing did not reach temperatures that were high enough to further disturb the Mn‐Cr isochron.