bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancement and Innovations in Drying of Biopharmaceuticals, Nutraceuticals, and Functional Foods
Authors: Ramachandran Rani Puthukulangara , Nadimi Mohammad , Cenkowski Stefan , Paliwal Jitendra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDrying is a crucial unit operation within the functional foods and biopharmaceutical industries, acting as a fundamental preservation technique and a mechanism to maintain these products' bioactive components and nutritional values. The heat-sensitive bioactive components, which carry critical quality attributes, necessitate a meticulous selection of drying methods and conditions backed by robust research. In this review, we investigate challenges associated with drying these heat-sensitive materials and examine the impact of various drying methods. Our thorough research extensively covers ten notable drying methods: heat pump drying, freeze-drying, spray drying, vacuum drying, fluidized bed drying, superheated steam drying, infrared drying, microwave drying, osmotic drying, vacuum drying, and supercritical fluid drying. Each method is tailored to address the requirements of specific functional foods and biopharmaceuticals and provides a comprehensive account of each technique's inherent advantages and potential limitations. Further, the review ventures into the exploration of combined hybrid drying techniques and smart drying technologies with industry 4.0 tools such as automation, AI, machine learning, IoT, and cyber-physical systems. These innovative methods are designed to enhance product performance and elevate the quality of the final product in the drying of functional foods and biopharmaceuticals. Through a thorough survey of the drying landscape, this review illuminates the intricacies of these operations and underscores their pivotal role in functional foods and biopharmaceutical production.
Die Bundeswehr im Schatten des modernen Krieges: Russlands Angriff auf die Ukraine und seine Folgen für Deutschlands Rüstungspolitik
Authors: Sebaldt Martin 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Ukrainekrieg hat in Deutschland zu einer rüstungspolitischen Zeitenwende geführt. Durch das „Sondervermögen Bundeswehr“ sollen Versäumnisse der letzten Jahrzehnte beseitigt werden. Dies gelingt jedoch nur partiell: Zentrale Beschaffungsprojekte sind zwar auf dem Weg, jedoch fehlt weiterhin eine wegweisende rüstungspolitische Gesamtplanung, denn die neue Nationale Sicherheitsstrategie und die aktuellen Verteidigungspolitischen Richtlinien leisten dies nicht.
Behind Videoconferencing Fatigue at Work
Authors: Abramova Olga , Gladkaya Margarita 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA remarkable peculiarity of videoconferencing (VC) applications – the self-view – a.k.a. digital mirror, is examined as a potential reason behind the voiced exhaustion among users. This work draws on technostress research and objective self-awareness theory and proposes the communication role (sender vs. receiver) as an interaction variable. We report the results of two studies among European employees (n1 = 176, n2 = 253) with a one-year time lag. A higher frequency of self-view in a VC when receiving a message, i.e., listening to others, indirectly increases negative affect (study 1 & 2) and exhaustion (study 2) via the increased state of public self-awareness. Self-viewing in the role of message sender, e.g., as an online presenter, also increases public self-awareness, but its overall effects are less harmful. As for individual differences, users predisposed to public self-consciousness were more concerned with how other VC participants perceived them. Gender effects were insignificant.
Building the Processes Behind the Product: How Digital Ventures Create Business Processes That Support Their Growth
Authors: Wuttke Tobias , Haskamp Thomas , Perscheid Michael , Uebernickel Falk 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBusiness process management (BPM) is changing in the digital age. As a result, organizations are confronted with new logics that their business processes adhere to: processes are designed to allow for easy adaptability, infrastructure becomes progressively more flexible, and process participants make their own decisions in ambiguous situations. In this context, business process change becomes increasingly important. Digital ventures – key phenomena in the digital age – heavily rely on digital technology and, hence, have the potential to change quickly. Consequently, their business processes need to change at the same speed. While the literature on BPM proposes different types of business process change and acknowledges that digital technology can enable such developments, it remains to be explored which specific characteristics of digital technology facilitate business process change. The study investigates this by drawing on a multiple case study with seven digital ventures. It finds four patterns of business process changes in digital ventures, illustrating digital technology’s impact on business processes. The study compares the patterns with existing types of business process change from the literature and discusses differences and similarities, trying to advance the understanding of business process dynamics in the digital age.
Safer Sexting Strategies in Technology-Mediated Sexual Interactions: Findings from a National Study
Authors: Rothmüller Barbara 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
While there is extensive research on safer sex, few studies have investigated safer sexting practices. The main objective of this study is to examine the range of security behaviors that individuals adopt in technology-mediated sexual interactions.

Methods
Three studies collected data on social safety, concealment strategies, and technical security in technology-mediated sexual interactions from participants aged 14–75 in Austria and Germany in 2020 and 2022 (Ntotal = 13,070). Patterns in the data were identified via descriptive statistics and regression analysis.

Results
The most common precautions of people who used safer sexting strategies were hiding one’s face (46%), only engaging with digital sex partners that are personally known (41%), and negotiating boundaries of consensual sexting (29%). Binomial regression results show that a sexual minority identity, BDSM preference, frequent contact with sexual communities, and prior experiences of unwanted sexting were associated with adopting a wider variety of safer sexting practices.

Conclusions
The results suggest that the safety strategies used in technology-mediated sexual interactions vary across social groups. Social context factors such as community involvement are associated with the likelihood of safer sexting.

Policy Implications
Knowledge about safer sexting helps minimize harm in technology-mediated sexual interactions. Safer sexting messages aimed at reducing risk and shame should be included as part of community-based safer sexting education and should be tailored to specific target groups including LGBTIQA+ individuals. Policymakers should support interventions that enhance those social environmental factors that contribute to building trust and consent in technology-mediated sexual interactions.
Examining the Interplay of Psychological Well-Being, Health, and Aging in Older LGBT Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chan Alex Siu Wing , Tam Hon Lon , Leung Lok Man , Wong Florence Kwai Ching , Chi Jacqueline Ho Mei , Yan Elsie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals face mental health challenges and psychological issues due to societal pressures. Discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity continues to affect the well-being of older LGBT adults, despite progress in acceptance and equality. This systematic review examines the health and mental health challenges faced by older LGBT adults.

Methods
We conducted a search of four electronic databases to retrieve primary studies published between 2000 and 2022. Fifteen articles were included in the systematic review.

Results
Our findings reveal that older LGBT adults face victimization and are often forced to conceal their identity. Differential victimization based on sexual identity leads to severe outcomes, such as stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, and loneliness. Discrimination against older LGBT adults contributes to an unhealthy life, disability, depression, and physical health problems.

Conclusions
Tailored interventions, including sensitizing the public and changing perceptions, should address the health challenges and psychological issues faced by older LGBT adults in their lifetime. Discrimination against older LGBT adults must be addressed to ensure they receive the appropriate care and support they require.

Policy Implications
This systematic review highlights the need for targeted interventions and policies to support the mental health and well-being of older LGBT adults. Such policies should aim to sensitize society, challenge discrimination, and address the unique challenges faced by older LGBT adults.
Preparing Children for Invasive Medical Cancer Treatment with “My Logbook”: Preliminary Results of a Pilot Study
Authors: Weiler-Wichtl Liesa J. , Fohn-Erhold Verena , Rosenmayr Verena , Hansl Rita , Hopfgartner Maximilian , Fries Jonathan , Schneider Carina , Herzog Kristina , Schellenberg Tobias , Schönthaler Barbara , Stember Nicole , Lein-Köhler Iris , Hoffmann Rahel , Kollmann Alina , Salzmann Nicole , Essl Stefanie , Pal-Handl Katharina , Wasinger-Brandweiner Verena , Rinner Sarah , Schubert Lisa , Lange Sandra , Leiss Ulrike 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Pediatric cancer is one of the most burdensome chronic diseases, necessitating a variety of severe medical interventions. As a result, the disease and its treatment cause numerous acute and long-term medical, psychological, and socioeconomic strains for young patients and their families. Therefore, psychosocial care using evidence-based interventions (EBIs) before, during, and after medical treatments is essential to ensure that patients receive adequate information and to minimize the adverse emotional and psychosocial impacts such as insecurity, fear, and shame. The present study reports the first promising results of applying cancer-specific psychosocial methods developed in the quality improvement project “My Logbook.” The four assessed tools are specifically designed to adequately prepare pediatric cancer patients for surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and stem cell transplantation. Self and proxy ratings were used to assess the patients’ subjective knowledge and emotional well-being before and after each intervention session. The results showed that patient-centered interventions using various creative and developmentally adapted methodologies (e.g., psychoeducation, crafting, games) have the potential to effectively enhance patient health literacy (V = 120.5, p < .001, r = 0.33) and well-being as manifested in more positive (slope = 0.121, p = .016) and less negative (slope =  − 0.350, p < .001) or neutral emotions (slope =  − 0.202, p = .002). These findings highlight the importance of developing and implementing psychosocial tools in pediatric oncology to prevent psychological overload and negative emotions and to increase subjective control beliefs, autonomy, and empowerment. Moreover, the effective application and systematic evaluation of evidence-based psychosocial tools can facilitate the establishment of standardized guidelines for psychosocial care in pediatric oncology. Thereby, the final goal is to ensure the quality of care and to use education to increase the quality of life for all pediatric cancer patients.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04474678 (July 17, 2020)
Hypercyclic and mixing composition operators on $${\mathscr {O}}_M({\mathbb {R}})$$
Authors: Kalmes Thomas , Przestacki Adam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper we characterize mixing composition operators acting on the space $${\mathscr {O}}_M({\mathbb {R}})$$

O
M

(
R
)

of slowly increasing smooth functions. Moreover we relate the mixing property of those operators with the solvability of Abel’s functional equation and we give a sufficient condition for sequential hypercyclicity of composition operators on $${\mathscr {O}}_M({\mathbb {R}})$$

O
M

(
R
)

. This is used to prove that many mixing composition operators are hypercyclic.
Brain Punch: K-1 Fights Affect Brain Wave Activity in Professional Kickboxers
Authors: Rydzik Łukasz , Kopańska Marta , Wąsacz Wojciech , Ouergui Ibrahim , Obmiński Zbigniew , Pałka Tomasz , Ambroży Tadeusz , Malliaropoulos Nikos , Maffulli Nicola , Lota Kabir Singh , Jaszczur-Nowicki Jarosław , Król Paweł , Czarny Wojciech , Szczygielski Jacek 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Kickboxing is a popular striking combat sport, and K-1 is a type of kickboxing. Direct head blows can cause significant long-term injury and affect brain wave activity.

Objectives
We aim to compare the changes in brain wave activities of fighters during a K-1 kickboxing contest to those in a control group, who were striking a punching bag and were not hit by another K-1 athlete.

Methods
A total of 100 professional Polish K-1 kickboxers were split evenly into experimental (n = 50, age 25.5 ± 4.63 years) and control (n = 50, age 26.6 ± 5.22 years) groups. We used quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) to assess the spectrum of brain wave activity (delta, theta, alpha, sensorimotor rhythm (SMR), beta-1 and beta-2) before and after an intervention (experimental: K-1 contest, control: simulated contest), with eyes open and then closed. The number of direct blows to the head was also recorded for all bouts. Comparative and statistical analyses between selected variables were performed.

Results
K-1 fighters showed elevated baseline brain activity for the entire delta band (p < 0.001). There was significant variation in brain activity among the experimental group following the intervention and compared with the control group for all wave types (p < 0.001). No significant variation in activity was found in the control group. The number of direct head blows was positively correlated with brain activity, at delta and beta-2 wave frequencies.

Conclusions
K-1 kickboxing is associated with detectable changes in brain wave activity. It is presently unclear what the long-term effects of these changes in brain wave activities are, and longitudinal studies are necessary to study the brain health of kickboxers.
Advancing high-speed train gearbox durability: enhanced bearing load and contact stress through transition from helical to herringbone gears
Authors: Wu Hao , Wei Jing , Wu Pingbo , Li Fansong , Qi Yayun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHigh-speed trains typically utilize helical gear transmissions, which significantly impact the bearing load capacity and fatigue service performance of the gearbox bearings. This paper focuses on the gearbox bearings, establishing dynamic models for both helical gear and herringbone gear transmissions in high-speed trains. The modeling particularly emphasizes the precision of the bearings at the gearbox’s pinion and gear wheels. Using this model, a comparative analysis is conducted on the bearing loads and contact stresses of the gearbox bearings under uniform-speed operation between the two gear transmissions. The findings reveal that the helical gear transmission generates axial forces leading to severe load imbalance on the bearings at both sides of the large gear, and this imbalance intensifies with the increase in train speed. Consequently, this results in a significant increase in contact stress on the bearings on one side. The adoption of herringbone gear transmission effectively suppresses axial forces, resolving the load imbalance issue and substantially reducing the contact stress on the originally biased side of the bearings. The study demonstrates that employing herringbone gear transmission can significantly enhance the service performance of high-speed train gearbox bearings, thereby extending their service life.
Setting priorities in outpatient cardiovascular care to guarantee equitable access: the case of Tuscany region
Authors: Benedetto Vera , De Vita Erica , Nuti Sabina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUniversal healthcare systems orient their actions towards promoting, restoring, and improving public health with a particular focus on the need to guarantee equitable access to care. Unwarranted variation in healthcare delivery poses significant challenges to health systems globally, impacting quality of care, financial sustainability, and equity of access. It is therefore important to assist healthcare management in measuring unwarranted variation in order to prioritise intervention strategies to ensure continuity of care and equity. Through an investigation of geographical variation in visit rates and waiting times, the study identifies vulnerable health districts which need priority interventions for patients with cardiovascular disease in the Tuscany region (Italy). Furthermore, a benchmarking-based method for identifying a quantitative estimate of the supply gap to be reduced is proposed. Results illustrate variation in visit rates and waiting times across local health districts in 2021, with some districts experiencing substantially lower rates and longer waiting times compared to the regional median. To address this gap, two targeted interventions aimed at increasing visit volumes and reduced waiting times through advanced training activities, technology integration, and multidisciplinary collaborations are presented. This study contributes to the topic of unwarranted variation by highlighting the necessity of tailored interventions to address diverse healthcare challenges across heterogeneous geographical areas. As healthcare systems globally navigate evolving complexities, the findings and tools presented here offer valuable guidance for policymakers and managers, aiming towards more equitable, efficient, and responsive healthcare services.
Functional iron deficiency anemia in patients with cancer
Authors: Koh Jeong Suk , Song Ik-Chan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAnemia is frequently observed in patients with cancer owing to anticancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and inflammatory responses. This often leads to functional iron deficiency, characterized by adequate iron stores but impaired use of iron for red blood cell production. This condition, termed functional iron deficiency anemia (IDA), is identified by a ferritin level of 30–500 µg/dL and a transferrin saturation < 50%. Functional iron deficiency often develops with the prolonged use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, leading to a diminished response to anemia treatment. Although oral iron supplementation is common, intravenous iron is more effective and recommended in such cases. Recent studies have shown that ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) is effective in treating functional IDA in patients with cancer. However, because of its potential to induce asymptomatic severe phosphate deficiency, it is important to closely monitor phosphate levels in patients receiving FCM.
Impact of pharmacist-led microbiology result follow-up post-discharge for patients undergoing inpatient infectious diseases consultation
Authors: Van Abel Amy L. , Virk Abinash , Cole Kristin , Lane Trudi , Osmon Douglas , Pertzborn Margaret , Schreier Diana , Teaford Hilary , Willis Courtney , Woods Anna , Rivera Christina G. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective:
The primary objective was to determine the rate of clinical actions taken post-discharge on updated microbiology results by an ID pharmacist-led team. Secondary objectives were to describe the microbiology results requiring intervention, characterize interventions by type and severity, and determine time from result to clinical review.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
Four hospitals within Mayo Clinic, including two large academic centers and two Mayo Clinic Health System sites.

Participants:
Adult patients at four sites within Mayo Clinic from 1/1/2019 to 2/28/2023. Eligible patients had a hospitalization with an ID consult and an updated microbiology result reported after discharge.

Intervention:
Pharmacists reviewed a report of selected patients with microbiology tests that resulted post-discharge within the last 24–96 hours. Interventions were recorded electronically in real-time by the pharmacist. Of those patient encounters with an intervention, a sample of 200 patient encounters was randomly selected for detailed chart abstraction.

Results:
A total of 6,792 encounters with at least one microbiology result reviewed post-discharge were identified. Of these encounters, 1977 (29%) had at least one resulting intervention. Median time from test update to clinical review was 27.2 hours (IQR 21.6–69.6). The highest severity ratings, in which failure to intervene may have resulted in patient harm, were assigned to the intervention in 28% of cases.

Conclusions:
For patients seen by an inpatient ID consult service, a post-hospital discharge microbiology result review process performed by ID-trained pharmacists effectively addressed abnormal results during the transition of care. Similar processes may be considered at other institutions.
Asymmetric Sea Surface Salinity Response to Global Warming: “Fresh Gets Fresher but Salty Hesitates”
Authors: Douville H. , Cheng L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEfforts to detect long‐term changes in global mean evaporation minus precipitation over the ocean remain ambiguous. Here we define an ad hoc sea surface salinity index to assess the observed and simulated intensification of the freshwater flux pattern over the global ocean and, thus, of the overall water cycle. A recent salinity reconstruction shows a long‐term amplification of the climatological patterns, thereby supporting the popular “fresh gets fresher, salty gets saltier” paradigm. Unlike in a previous study, no systematic underestimation of this amplification is found in the latest generation of global climate models. Yet, the “fresh gets fresher” paradigm is much more robust than its “salty gets saltier” counterpart and the proposed salinity index does not yet provide a strong constraint on the model‐dependent projected intensification of the global water cycle intensification along the 21st century.
Transition of the Sun to a Regime of High Activity: Implications for the Earth Climate and Role of Atmospheric Chemistry
Authors: Shapiro Anna V. , Egorova Tatiana A. , Shapiro Alexander I. , Arsenovic Pavle , Rozanov Eugene V. , Gizon Laurent 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIt was recently suggested that the Sun could switch to a high‐activity regime which would lead to a rise of ultraviolet radiation with an amplitude of about four times larger than the amplitude of an average solar activity cycle and a simultaneous drop in total solar irradiance. Here, we applied the SOCOLv3‐MPIOM model with an interacting ocean to simulate the response of chemistry, dynamics, and temperature of Earth's atmosphere to such a change in solar irradiance. We studied the effect of high activity regime on the atmosphere investigating the influence of the chemical and radiative processes on the climate, and chemistry of NOx, HOx, and O3. We find a climate cooling by up to 1K and a substantial increase in stratospheric ozone (up to 14%) and total ozone (up to 8%). To understand the role of the different processes we performed simulations with two sets of forcing accounting separately for the influence on chemical processes and for direct radiation energy balance. Our calculations show that the stratospheric O3 response is almost fully driven by the chemical processes. We also found that the direct radiation processes lead to near‐surface cooling that results in the suppression of the Brewer‐Dobson circulation. This, in turn, leads to the reduction of H2O influx from the low layers of the troposphere and to less intensive transport of ozone from the tropics to the middle latitudes. The surface climate response is dominated by direct radiation influence with only a small contribution from chemical processes.