bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and manipulation of hierarchically porous PEEK membranes based on crystallization‐induced phase segregation and sea‐island structures
Authors: Cheng Xiong , Wang Jiayao , Ding Mingming , Yang Yong‐Biao , Bae Joonho 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPoly ether ether ketone (PEEK) is a premier engineering plastic, which has gained considerable attention in recent years. Our prior research investigated crystallization template techniques and pore formation mechanisms within the PEEK/poly (ether imide) system, paving the way for the development of hierarchically porous membranes (HPMs). Compared to single‐porous membranes, HPMs demonstrate enhanced flux and high mass transfer efficiency simultaneously, effectively mitigating the trade‐off effects. In this study, we focused on fabricating PEEK HPMs through precise manipulation of a polymer ternary blend system. The meticulous tuning enables intricate control of the hierarchical pore morphology of PEEK at two distinct scales. The finite element simulations not only underscored the crucial role of hierarchical pores in bolstering separation efficiency, but also exhibited strong concordance with the experimental findings. This study provides guidance for future optimization of HPMs with superior separation performance.
Thermodynamic Properties of Regular Phantom Black Hole
Authors: Haditale Maryam , Malekolkalami Behrooz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Regular Phantom Black Hole (RPBH)s are of theoretical and observational importance, some of their properties have been studied. In this work, some of thermodynamical properties such as entropy, temperature, etc., in three background cases, that is, flat, de–Sitter (dS) and Anti–de Sitter (AdS) are studied. Many of the RPBH properties, including horizon radius, are (directly or indirectly) dependent on a scale parameter . Due to the slightly different structure from Schwarzschild—like metrics, the method to express relations between thermodynamical variables requires a new function of the scale parameter. The local and global stability through the Heat Capacity (HC) and Gibbs free Energy (GE), respectively are also treated. In the AdS case, the regularized metric allows a Hawking‐Page like phase transition of first order. The calculations and graphs show the results in the flat background, are very similar to Schwarzschild black hole and the asymptotically AdS RPBH is more compatible with physical laws than the dS and flat backgrounds.
Strategies of invasive snail Pomacea canaliculata during hibernation in rice fields of south China: effects of body size, sex, and soil depth
Authors: Yao Fucheng , Chen Yingtong , Liu Jimin , Zhang Jiaen , Xiao Zeheng , Shi Zhaoji , Chen Qi , Qin Zhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe invasive freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata is an agricultural pest with a certain level of tolerance to abiotic stress. After the harvest of late rice, the snails usually burrow themselves into the soil surface layers to overwinter and pose a renewed threat to rice production in the following year. Revealing the response of snails to environmental stresses is crucial for developing countermeasures to control their damage and spread.RESULTSIn this study, we conducted a 120‐day in situ experiment during the winter to investigate the survival and physiological changes of hibernating snails in 0‐5 and 5‐10 cm soil depths, aiming to explore their overwintering strategies. Our results showed that 73.61%, 87.50%, and 90.28% of male, female, and juvenile snails survived after hibernation for 120 days in 0–10 cm soil depth, respectively. The differences in survival rates based on sex and size of snails potentially reflect the countermeasures of snails to rapidly reproduce after hibernation. Simultaneously, the hibernating snails exhibited the ability to maintain a certain level of body weight. During this period, the snails increased their antioxidant enzyme activities to cope with oxidative stress, and enhanced their lipid storage. The hibernation survival of snails was not significantly affected by different soil depths, indicating that they have the potential to hibernate into deeper soils. Furthermore, snails were capable of increasing their contents of bound water and glycerol to cope with sudden cold spells during hibernation.CONCLUSIONOur findings emphasize the adaptive changes of P. canaliculata snails overwintering in paddy soils. In future studies, the vulnerabilities of P. canaliculata during hibernation (e.g. shell characteristics, nutrient reserves, and dehydration tolerance, etc.,) should be investigated to develop effective control methods for this period. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Ruthenium‐Based Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: from Nanoparticles to Single Atoms
Authors: Li Yanqiang , Liu Xuan , Xu Junlong , Chen Siru 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBenefiting from similar hydrogen bonding energy to Pt and much lower price compare with Pt, Ru based catalysts are promising candidates for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The catalytic activity of Ru nanoparticles can be enhanced through improving their dispersion by using different supports, and the strong metal supports interaction can further regulate their catalytic performance. In addition, single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with almost 100% atomic utilization attract great attention and the coordinative atmosphere of single atoms can be adjusted by supports. Moreover, the syngenetic effects of nanoparticles and single atoms can further improve the catalytic performance of Ru based catalysts. In this review, the progress of Ru based HER electrocatalysts are summarized according to their existing forms, including nanoparticles (NPs), single atoms (SAs) and the combination of both NPs and SAs. The common supports such as carbon materials, metal oxides, metal phosphides and metal sulfides are classified to clarify the metal supports interaction and coordinative atmosphere of Ru active centers. Especially, the possible catalytic mechanisms and the reasons for the improved catalytic performance are discussed from both experimental results and theoretical calculations. Finally, some challenges and opportunities are prospected to facilitate the development of Ru based catalysts for HER.
Minimizing Undesired Side Reactions Induced by Nanoscale Conductive Carbon Enables Stable Cycling of Semi‐Solid Li‐Ion Full Batteries
Authors: Chen Hongli , Wang Yong , Meng Dechao , Zhu Yingying , He Yu‐Shi , Ma Zi‐Feng , Li Linsen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSemi‐solid lithium‐ion batteries (SSLIBs) based on “slurry‐like” electrodes hold great promise to enable low‐cost and sustainable energy storage. However, the development of the SSLIBs has long been hindered by the lack of high‐performance anodes. Here the origin of low initial Coulombic efficiency (iCE, typically <60%) is elucidated in the graphite‐based semi‐solid anodes (in the non‐flowing mode) and develop rational strategies to minimize the irreversible capacity loss. It is discovered that Ketjen black (KB), a nanoscale conductive additive widely used in SSLIB research, induces severe electrolyte decomposition during battery charge due to its large surface area and abundant surface defects. High iCEs up to 92% are achieved for the semi‐solid graphite anodes by replacing KB with other low surface‐area, low‐defect conductive additives. A semi‐solid full battery (LiFePO4 vs graphite, in the non‐flowing mode) is further demonstrated with stable cycle performance over 100 cycles at a large areal capacity of 6 mAh cm−2 and a pouch‐type semi‐solid full cell that remains functional even when it is mechanically abused. This work demystifies the SSLIBs and provides useful physical insights to further improve their performance and durability.
Anisotropic Superhydrophobic Properties Replicated from Leek Leaves
Authors: Mirmohammadi Seyed Mehran , Shirazi Hamidreza Daghigh , Heikkilä Miika , Franssila Sami , Vapaavuori Jaana , Jokinen Ville 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA bio‐inspired approach to fabricate robust superhydrophobic (SHB) surfaces with anisotropic properties replicated from a leek leaf is presented. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) replica surfaces exhibit anisotropic wetting, anti‐icing, and light scattering properties due to microgrooves replicated from leek leaves. Superhydrophobicity is achieved by a novel modified candle soot (CS) coating that mimics leek's epicuticular wax. The resulting surfaces show a contact angle (CA) difference of ≈30° in the directions perpendicular and parallel to the grooves, which is similar to the anisotropic properties of the original leek leaf. The coated replica is durable, withstanding cyclic bending tests (up to 10 000 cycles) and mechanical sand abrasion (up to 60 g of sand). The coated replica shows low ice adhesion (10 kPa) after the first cycle; and then, increases to ≈70 kPa after ten icing–shearing cycles; while, anisotropy in ice adhesion becomes more evident with more cycles. In addition, the candle soot‐coated positive replica (CS‐coated PR) demonstrates a transmittance of ≈73% and a haze of ≈65% at the wavelength of 550 nm. The results show that the properties depend on the replicated surface features of the leek leaf, which means that the leek leaf appears to be a highly useful template for bioinspired surfaces.
The Synergistic Effect of Aramid Nanofibers and Carbon Nanotubes on Micro‐Silicon Anodes for Improved Stability and Conductivity
Authors: Liu Qingqing , Wei Xiao , Yang Chen , Xu Changhaoyue , Cai Wenlong , Chen Feng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite the continuous development of energy storage, the challenges faced by micro‐silicon anode pulverization have yet to be effectively addressed. In this work, the aramid nanofibers (ANFs) are in situ protonated on the surface of silicon micro‐particles (SMPs), and also act as surfactants to bundle the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to form ANF/CNT networks on SMPs (ANF/CNT/SMPs) at the same time. The results demonstrate that the dual‐coating not only inhibits expansion and enhances structural stability but also improves conductivity, thereby promoting the cycling stability of micro‐silicon anodes. The ANF/CNT/SMP anode shows cycling stability of 454 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 after 200 cycles. The expansion in thickness of the ANF/CNT/SMP electrode can be reduced by 51.5% after 100 cycles compared with the SMP electrode. The findings provide a novel approach for mitigating expansion in micro‐silicon anodes through the combined coating of ANFs and CNTs.
Highly Efficient Laser Bidirectional Graphene Printing: Integration of Synthesis, Transfer and Patterning
Authors: Li Yunfan , Zeng Ziran , Zhang Shizhuo , Guo Dingyi , Li Peilong , Chen Xiao , Yi Longju , Zheng Huai , Liu Sheng , Liu Feng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGraphene has tremendous potential in future electronics due to its superior force, electrical, and thermal properties. However, the development of graphene devices is limited by its complex, high‐cost, and low‐efficiency preparation process. This study proposes a novel laser bidirectional graphene printing (LBGP) process for the large‐scale preparation of patterned graphene films. In LBGP, a sandwich sample composed of a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) substrate, carbon precursor powder, and a glass cover is irradiated by a nanosecond pulsed laser. The laser photothermal effect converts the carbon precursor into graphene, with partial graphene sheets deposited directly on the TPE substrate and the remaining transferred to the glass cover via a laser‐induced plasma plume. This method simultaneously prepares two face‐to‐face graphene films in a single laser irradiation, integrating synthesis, transfer, and patterning. The resulting graphene patterns demonstrate good performance in flexible pressure sensing and Joule heating, showcasing high sensitivity (7.7 kPa−1), fast response (37 ms), and good cycling stability (2000 cycles) for sensors, and high heating rate (1 °C s−1) and long‐term stability (3000 s) for heaters. It is believed that the simple, low‐cost, and efficient LBGP process can promote the development of graphene electronics and laser manufacturing processes.
Reverse‐Selective Anion Separation Relies on Charged “Hourglass” Gate
Authors: Wu Bin , Yan Yunfei , Chu Xiaorui , Miao Jibin , Ge Qianqian , Lin Xiaocheng , Ge Liang , Qian Jiasheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAccording to the hydration size and charge property of separated ions, the transport channel can be constructed to achieve precision ion separation, but the ion geometry as a separation parameter to design the channel structure is rarely reported. Herein, a reverse‐selective anion separation membrane composed of a metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) layer with a charged “hourglass” channel as an ion‐selective switch to manipulate oxoanion transport is developed. The gate in “hourglass” with tetrahedral geometry similar to the oxoanion (such as SO2‐ 4, Cr 2O2‐ 7, and MnO‐ 4) boosts the transmission effect oxoanion much larger than Cl− through geometric matching and Coulomb interaction. Specific channel structure exhibits an abnormal selectivity for SO2‐ 4/Cl− of 20, Cr 2O2‐ 7/Cl− of 6.6, and MnO‐ 4/Cl− of 4.0 in a binary‐ion system. The transfer behavior of SO2‐ 4 in the channel revealed by molecular dynamics simulation and density functional theory calculation further indicates the mechanism of the abnormal separation performance. The universality of the membrane structure is validated by the formation of different nitrogen‐containing modified layers, which also achieves in situ growth of the MOFs layer, and exhibits similar reversal separation performance. The geometric configuration control of ion transport channels presents a novel effective strategy to realize the precise separation of target ions.
Modulating Electrochemical Energy Storage and Multi‐Spectra Defense of MXenes by Interfacial Dual‐Filler Engineering
Authors: Chen Wenting , Guo Wei , Liu Zongxu , Dang Wanbin , Wang Jinxin , Cheng Mengting , Zhang Qiuyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMXenes have attracted growing interest in electrochemical energy storage owing to their high electronic conductivity and editable surface chemistry. Besides, rendering MXenes with spectrum defense properties further broadens their versatile applications. However, the development of MXenes suffers from weak van der Waal interaction‐driven self‐restacking that leads to random alignment and inferior interface microenvironments. Herein, a nacre‐inspired MXene film is tailored by dual‐filling of 2‐ureido‐4[1H]‐pyrimidinone (UPy)‐modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA‐UPy) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The dual‐nanofillers engineering endows the nanocomposite film with a highly ordered structure (a Herman's order value of 0.838), a high mechanical strength (139.5 MPa), and continuous conductive pathways of both the ab plane and c‐axis. As a proof‐of‐concept, the tailored nanocomposite film achieves a considerable capacitance of 508.2 F cm−3 and long‐term cycling stability without performance degradation for 10 000 cycles. It is efficient for spectra defense in radar and infrared bands, displaying a high electromagnetic shielding capacity (19186 dB cm2 g−1) and a super‐low infrared (IR) emissivity (0.16), with negligible performance decay after saving in the air for 1 year, responsible for the applications in specific and complex conditions. This interfacial dual‐filler engineering concept showcases effective nanotechnology toward sustainable energy applications with a long lifetime and safety.
Stretching Aligned Hydrogen Bonding Network to Evoke Mechanically Robust and High‐Energy‐Density P(VDF‐HFP) Dielectric Film Capacitors
Authors: Wu Qi , Liu Xingang , Liu Yuanbo , Zhang Chuhong , Nie Min 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPolymer‐based dielectric film capacitors are essential energy storage components in electronic and power systems due to their ultrahigh power density and ultra‐fast charge storage/release capability. Nonetheless, their relatively low energy density does not fully meet the requirements of power electronics and pulsed power systems. Herein, a scalable composite dielectric film based on a ferroelectric polymer with edge hydroxylated boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS‐OH) is fabricated via the construction of a hydrogen bonding network and stretching orientation strategy. The presence of hydroxyl groups on boron nitride aids in forming a robust hydrogen bonding network within the ferroelectric polymer, leading to a significant increase in Young's modulus and superior dielectric performance. Furthermore, the stretching process aligns the BNNS‐OH and the hydrogen bonding network along the drawing direction via covalent and hydrogen bonding interaction, resulting in a remarkable tensile strength (109 MPa), breakdown strength (688 MV m−1), and energy density (28.2 J cm−3), outperforming mostrepresentative polymer‐based dielectric films. In combining the advantages of a simple preparation process, extraordinary energy storage performance, and low‐cost raw materials, this strategy is viable for large‐scale production of polymer‐based dielectric films with high mechanical and dielectric performance and opens a new path for the development of next‐generation energy storage applications.
Synergistic Layered Design of Aerogel Nanocomposite of Graphene Nanoribbon/MXene with Tunable Absorption Dominated Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Habibpour Saeed , Rahimi‐Darestani Yasaman , Salari Meysam , Zarshenas Kiyoumars , Taromsari Sara Mohseni , Tan Zhongchao , Hamidinejad Mahdi , Park Chul B. , Yu Aiping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectromagnetic pollution presents growing challenges due to the rapid expansion of portable electronic and communication systems, necessitating lightweight materials with superior shielding capabilities. While prior studies focused on enhancing electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE), less attention is given to absorption‐dominant shielding mechanisms, which mitigate secondary pollution. By leveraging material science and engineering design, a layered structure is developed comprising rGOnR/MXene‐PDMS nanocomposite and a MXene film, demonstrating exceptional EMI shielding and ultra‐high electromagnetic wave absorption. The 3D interconnected network of the nanocomposite, with lower conductivity (10−3–10−2 S/cm), facilitates a tuned impedance matching layer with effective dielectric permittivity, and high attenuation capability through conduction loss, polarization loss at heterogeneous interfaces, and multiple scattering and reflections. Additionally, the higher conductivity MXene layer exhibits superior SE, reflecting passed electromagnetic waves back to the nanocomposite for further attenuation due to a π/2 phase shift between incident and back‐surface reflected electromagnetic waves. The synergistic effect of the layered structures markedly enhances total SE to 54.1 dB over the Ku‐band at a 2.5 mm thickness. Furthermore, the study investigates the impact of hybridized layered structure on reducing the minimum required thickness to achieve a peak absorption (A) power of 0.88 at a 2.5 mm thickness.
Inducing Intermolecular Oxygen Coupling by Introducing S and FeOOH on Co(OH)2 Nanoneedle Arrays for Industrial Water Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Yijie , Zhang Weiyi , Zhang Xiaowen , Gao Yuan , Zhao Qiang , Li Jinping , Liu Guang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe design of electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains a limitation of industrial hydrogen production by electrolysis of water. Excellent and stable OER catalysts can be developed by activating lattice oxygen and changing the reaction path. Herein, S and FeOOH on the Co(OH)2 nanoneedle arrays are introduced to construct a heterostructure (S‐FeOOH/Co(OH)2/NF) as a proof of concept. Theoretical calculations and experimental suggest that the Co‐O‐Fe motif formed at the heterogeneous interface with the introduction of FeOOH, inducing electron transfer from Co to Fe, enhancing Co─O covalency and reducing intramolecular charge transfer energy, thereby stimulating direct intramolecular lattice oxygen coupling. Doping of S in FeOOH further accelerates electron transfer, improves lattice oxygen activity, and prevents dissolution of FeOOH. Consequently, the overpotential of S‐FeOOH/Co(OH)2/NF is only 199 mV at 10 mA cm−2, and coupled with the Pt/C electrode can be up to 1 A cm−2 under 1.79 V and remain stable for over 120 h in an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE). This work proposes a strategy for the design of efficient and stable electrocatalysts for industrial water electrolysis and promotes the commercialization of AEMWE.
A Universal In‐Situ Interfacial Growth Strategy for Various MXene‐Based van der Waals Heterostructures with Uniform Heterointerfaces: The Efficient Conversion from 3D Composite to 2D Heterostructures
Authors: Kong Xianglong , Zong Xiaohang , Lei Zijin , Wang Zicong , Zhao Ying , Zhao Xudong , Zhang Junming , Liu Zhiliang , Ren Yueming , Wu Linzhi , Zhang Milin , He Fei , Yang Piaoping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructures endow individual 2D material with the novel functional structures, intriguing compositions, and fantastic interfaces, which efficiently provide a feasible route to overcome the intrinsic limitations of single 2D components and embrace the distinct features of different materials. However, the construction of 2D heterostructures with uniform heterointerfaces still poses significant challenges. Herein, a universal in‐situ interfacial growth strategy is designed to controllably prepare a series of MXene‐based tin selenides/sulfides with 2D van der Waals homogeneous heterostructures. Molten salt etching by‐products that are usually recognized as undesirable impurities, are reasonably utilized by us to efficiently transform into different 2D nanostructures via in‐situ interfacial growth. The obtained MXene‐based 2D heterostructures present sandwiched structures and lamellar interlacing networks with uniform heterointerfaces, which demonstrate the efficient conversion from 3D composite to 2D heterostructures. Such 2D heterostructures significantly enhance charge transfer efficiency, chemical reversibility, and overall structural stability in the electrochemical process. Taking 2D‐SnSe2/MXene anode as a representative, it delivers outstanding lithium storage performance with large reversible capacities and ultrahigh capacity retention of over 97% after numerous cycles at 0.2, 1.0, and 10.0 A g−1 current density, which suggests its tremendous application potential in lithium‐ion batteries.
Compact Kähler three-folds with nef anti-canonical bundle
Authors: Matsumura Shin-ichi , Wu Xiaojun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we prove that a non-projective compact Kähler three-fold with nef anti-canonical bundle is, up to a finite étale cover, one of the following: a manifold with vanishing first Chern class; the product of a K3 surface and the projective line; or a projective space bundle over a two-dimensional torus. This result extends Cao–Höring’s structure theorem for projective manifolds to compact Kähler manifolds in dimension 3. For the proof, we investigate the Minimal Model Program for compact Kähler three-folds with nef anti-canonical bundles by using the positivity of direct image sheaves, $$\mathbb {Q}$$
Q
-conic bundles, and orbifold vector bundles.