bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personality across working life: The longitudinal and reciprocal influences of personality on work
Authors: Woods Stephen A. , Lievens Filip , De Fruyt Filip , Wille Bart 
Published: May 2013

SummaryThis paper focuses on the role of personality at different stages of people's working lives. We begin by reviewing the research in industrial, work, and organizational (IWO) psychology regarding the longitudinal and dynamic influences of personality as an independent variable at different career stages, structuring our review around a framework of people's working lives and careers over time. Next, we review recent studies in the personality and developmental psychology domain regarding the influence of changing life roles on personality. In this domain, personality also serves as a dependent variable. By blending these two domains, it becomes clear that the study of reciprocal effects of work and personality might open a new angle in IWO psychology's long‐standing tradition of personality research. To this end, we outline various implications for conceptual development (e.g., trait stability) and empirical research (e.g., personality and work incongruence). Finally, we discuss some methodological and statistical considerations for research in this new research domain. In the end, our review should enrich the way that IWO psychologists understand personality at work, focusing away from its unidirectional predictivist influence on job performance toward a more complex longitudinal reciprocal interplay of personality and working life. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Is humor the best medicine? The buffering effect of coping humor on traumatic stressors in firefighters
Authors: Sliter Michael , Kale Aron , Yuan Zhenyu 
Published: May 2013

SummaryAlthough our understanding of workplace stressors has grown across the past 30 years, this research has generally ignored traumatic workplace stressors. This is a serious omission, given that many occupations (e.g., firefighters, emergency medical technicians, and police) are frequently exposed to traumatic stressors. As such, the first purpose of the current study was to examine the impact of exposure to traumatic stressors in firefighters. Post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), burnout, and absenteeism were investigated as cognitive, affective, and behavioral outcomes. Additionally, we sought to investigate coping humor as a mechanism for dealing with traumatic stressors. We frame these expectations by discussing humor from a transactional theory of emotion/coping perspective, as well as through humor's social bonding feature and its ability to combat the physiological impact of stressors. We surveyed 179 firefighters at two time points on relevant variables, with dependent variables collected at Time 2. The results indicated that traumatic events significantly predicted burnout, PTSD, and absenteeism and that coping humor buffered this relationship for burnout and PTSD. We discuss the implications of these findings and call for more research investigating occupations in which traumatic stressors are a concern, as well as for more integration of humor into the workplace literature. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nucleus N5 CI500 series implant recall
Authors: Hildrew Douglas M. , Molony Timothy B. 
Published: May 2013

Objectives/HypothesisTo compare the cumulative failure percentage of the Cochlear Nucleus N5 CI500 series implant observed, both before and after the voluntary recall of unimplanted devices, to that of the Cochlear Nucleus Freedom CI24RE series implant.Study DesignRetrospective review of 411 patients implanted with either the Nucleus Freedom or the Nucleus N5 device.MethodsCochlear implantation was performed in standard fashion. A database was created by combining information obtained from operative case logs, an integrated clinical electronic medical records system, and an external database of devices maintained by Cochlear Corporation.ResultsOf the 289 implants of the Nucleus Freedom CI24RE series device at this institution, the cumulative failure percentage was 0%. There were 122 implants of the Nucleus N5 CI500 series device, yielding a 9.8% cumulative failure percent; 82 were manufactured before the voluntary recall and 40 were produced afterward. The 82 implants manufactured before the recall had two associated failures, while the 40 produced afterward had 10 failures.ConclusionsIt is possible that the cumulative failure percentage (CFP) of the Cochlear Nucleus N5 CI500 series implant is not fully defined. While the CFP of the Nucleus Freedom CI24RE series implant at this institution was 0%, it was 9.8% for the Nucleus N5. The CFP of Nucleus N5 devices manufactured before the voluntary recall was 2.4%, while the CFP afterward was 25.0%—nearly 6‐fold higher than the company‐published value of 4.2% for all Nucleus N5 implants registered globally.Level of Evidence3b. Laryngoscope, 123:2829–2833, 2013
Mouse cochleostomy: A minimally invasive dorsal approach for modeling cochlear implantation
Authors: Soken Hakan , Robinson Barbara K. , Goodman Shawn S. , Abbas Paul J. , Hansen Marlan R. , Kopelovich Jonathan C. 
Published: May 2013

Objectives/HypothesisThe murine model has been used extensively to model and study human deafness. Technical difficulty in the surgical approach due to the small size of the tympanic bulla and a robust stapedial artery has limited its application for studies of cochlear implantation and electrical stimulation. We describe a minimally traumatic, stapedial artery–sparing approach to the round window that may be used to access the mouse cochlea for acute or chronic studies of implantation and stimulation.Study DesignAnimal model.MethodsFifteen C57BL6J mice were used to validate this approach. Auditory brainstem response threshold and distortion product otoacoustic emissions were obtained preoperatively and 2 weeks postoperatively to determine hearing preservation results.ResultsThe approach provided excellent exposure for round‐window implantation. Substantial hearing was preserved in all animals with a mean postimplantation auditory brainstem response threshold increase of 27.8 dB. Otoacoustic emissions were lost in subjects with the largest threshold shifts.ConclusionsResidual hearing after cochlear implantation is a determinant of success both with standard cochlear implant electrodes and with electrodes designed to optimize hearing preservation. Here, we have preserved usable hearing after implantation of C57BL6J mice, an endogenous model of human presbycusia. The murine model may become a powerful tool to assay the effects of cochlear intervention in different genetic backgrounds. Laryngoscope, 123:E109–E115, 2013
SNCA: Major genetic modifier of age at onset of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Brockmann Kathrin , Schulte Claudia , Hauser Ann‐Kathrin , Lichtner Peter , Huber Heiko , Maetzler Walter , Berg Daniela , Gasser Thomas 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTAge at onset serves as a predictor of progression and mortality in sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, the identification of genetic modifiers for age at onset might lead to a better understanding of disease pathogenesis. We performed multivariate linear regression analysis in 1396 sporadic PD patients assessing 21 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that have been previously suggested to be associated with sporadic PD. Moreover, a cumulative risk score was assigned to each patient and correlated with age at onset. We identified the rs356219 risk allele in the SNCA gene as significantly contributing to earlier age at onset. Neither one of the other 21 SNPs tested in this analysis nor the cumulative number of risk alleles showed a significant impact on PD onset. Because sequence variants in the SNCA gene are not only associated with autosomal dominantly inherited PD and increased susceptibility for sporadic PD but also have been found to modify the phenotype such as age at onset in both sporadic and various monogenic forms of PD, this gene serves as an outstanding target for further research on PD pathogenesis, which in return might provide potential therapeutic options. © 2013 Movement Disorder Society
Variability in neuronal expression of dopamine receptors and transporters in the substantia nigra
Authors: Reyes Stefanie , Cottam Veronica , Kirik Deniz , Double Kay L. , Halliday Glenda M. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTParkinson's disease (PD) patients have increased susceptibility to impulse control disorders. Recent studies have suggested that alterations in dopamine receptors in the midbrain underlie impulsive behaviors and that more impulsive individuals, including patients with PD, exhibit increased occupancy of their midbrain dopamine receptors. The cellular location of dopamine receptor subtypes and transporters within the human midbrain may therefore have important implications for the development of impulse control disorders in PD. The localization of the dopamine receptors (D1–D5) and dopamine transporter proteins in the upper brain stems of elderly adult humans (n = 8) was assessed using single immunoperoxidase and double immunofluorescence (with tyrosine hydroxylase to identify dopamine neurons). The relative amount of protein expressed in dopamine neurons from different regions was assessed by comparing their relative immunofluorescent intensities. The midbrain dopamine regions associated with impulsivity (medial nigra and ventral tegmental area [VTA]) expressed less dopamine transporter on their neurons than other midbrain dopamine regions. Medial nigral dopamine neurons expressed significantly greater amounts of D1 and D2 receptors and vesicular monoamine transporter than VTA dopamine neurons. The heterogeneous pattern of dopamine receptors and transporters in the human midbrain suggests that the effects of dopamine and dopamine agonists are likely to be nonuniform. The expression of excitatory D1 receptors on nigral dopamine neurons in midbrain regions associated with impulsivity, and their variable loss as seen in PD, may be of particular interest for impulse control. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Reliability and validity of the Severity of Dependence Scale for detecting cannabis dependence in frequent cannabis users
Authors: van der Pol Peggy , Liebregts Nienke , de Graaf Ron , Korf Dirk J. , van den Brink Wim , van Laar Margriet 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) measures with five items the degree of psychological dependence on several illicit drugs, including cannabis. Its psychometric properties have not yet been examined in young adult frequent cannabis users, an eminently high‐risk group for cannabis dependence.Internal consistency and criterion validity of the SDS were investigated within an enriched community based sample of 577 Dutch frequent (≥ three days per week in the past 12 months) cannabis users between 18–30 years. Criterion validity was tested against the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) 3.0 DSM‐IV diagnosis cannabis dependence, and psychometric properties were assessed separately for males and females and for ethnic subgroups.Principal component analysis showed that all items of the scale loaded on a single factor and reliability of the SDS total score was good (Cronbach's α = 0.70). However, criterion validity against the CIDI diagnosis cannabis dependence was low: area under curve (AUC) was 0.68 (95% confidence interval: 0.64–0.73) and at the optimal differentiating cut‐off (SDS ≥ 4), sensitivity was 61.3% and specificity 63.5%. Results were similar for subgroups on gender and ethnicity.While internal consistency of the SDS is good, its use as a screener to differentiate between dependence and non‐dependence within populations of young adult frequent cannabis users is not recommended. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of moisture ingress from the perimeter of photovoltaic modules
Authors: Kempe Michael D. , Dameron Arrelaine A. , Reese Matthew O. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTMany thin film photovoltaic (PV) technologies can be sensitive to corrosion induced by the presence of water vapor in the packaging materials. Typically impermeable front and backsheets are used in conjunction with an edge‐seal around the perimeter to prevent water vapor ingress. These edge‐seal materials are often made of a polyisobutylene resin filled with desiccant, which dramatically increases the time for moisture to reach sensitive module components. While edge‐seals can prevent moisture ingress, even the lowest diffusivity transparent encapsulant materials are insufficient for the lifetime of a module. To evaluate the performance of edge‐seal and encapsulant materials in a manner that simulates their function in a PV module, an optical method was devised where ingress is detected by reaction of a Ca film with water. Using this method, we have exposed test samples to heat and humidity allowing quantitative comparison of different edge‐seal and encapsulant materials. Next, we use measurements of polymer diffusivity and solubility to evaluate the ability to model this moisture ingress. Here, we find good agreement between these two methods highlighting the much greater ability of polyisobutylene materials to keep moisture out as compared with typical encapsulant materials used in the PV industry. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Different Metal Fuels on the Characteristics for HTPB‐based Fuel Rich Solid Propellants
Authors: Pang Weiqiang , Fan Xuezhong , Zhao Fengqi , Xu Huixiang , Zhang Wei , Yu Hongjian , Li Yonghong , Liu Fangli , Xie Wuxi , Yan Ning 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe microstructures and granularity distribution of different metal particles were investigated and the energy, sensitivity, and combustion properties of fuel rich solid propellants with different metal particles were studied in detail. It was found that the magnesium particles are more uniform than other metal powders, the mean diameter of the magnesium particles d50=67.6 μm is much higher than those of the other ones, which are in the range of 7.1 μm<d50<20.5 μm. Additionally, the preparation process of the Mg‐based propellant is easier than those of the other ones. The experimental results showed that the propellant containing magnesium powder was less sensitive to friction and impact (165.1 NM and 21.9 NM, respectively), whereas, the burning rates of propellants with Zr and ZrH2 particles increased, and the pressure exponents decreased.
Identification of efflux proteins using efficient radial basis function networks with position‐specific scoring matrices and biochemical properties
Authors: Ou Yu‐Yen , Chen Shu‐An , Chang Yun‐Min , Velmurugan Devadasan , Fukui Kazuhiko , Michael Gromiha M. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTEfflux proteins are membrane proteins, which are involved in the transportation of multidrugs. The annotation of efflux proteins in genomic sequences would aid to understand the function. Although the percentage of membrane proteins in genomes is estimated to be 25–30%, there is no information about the content of efflux proteins. For annotating such class of proteins it is necessary to develop a reliable method to identify efflux proteins from amino acid sequence information. In this work, we have developed a method based on radial basis function networks using position specific scoring matrices (PSSM) and amino acid properties. We noticed that the C‐terminal domain of efflux proteins contain vital information for discrimination. Our method showed an accuracy of 78 and 92% in discriminating efflux proteins from transporters and membrane proteins, respectively using fivefold cross‐validation. We utilized our method for annotating the genomes E. coli and P. aeruginosa and it predicted 8.7 and 9.2% of proteins as efflux proteins in these genomes, respectively. The predicted efflux proteins have been compared with available experimental data and we observed a very good agreement between them. Further, we developed a web server for classifying efflux proteins and it is freely available at http://rbf.bioinfo.tw/∼sachen/EFFLUXpredict/Efflux‐RBF.php. We suggest that our method could be an effective tool for annotating efflux proteins in genomic sequences.Proteins 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of high‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography/photo‐diode array detection for the quantitation of carotenoids, retinyl esters, α‐tocopherol and phylloquinone in chylomicron‐rich fractions of human plasma
Authors: Kopec Rachel E. , Schweiggert Ralf M. , Riedl Ken M. , Carle Reinhold , Schwartz Steven J. 
Published: May 2013

RATIONALEBioavailability of essential lipophilic micronutrients and carotenoids is of utmost interest for human health, as the consumption of these compounds may help alleviate major nutritional deficiencies, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. High‐performance liquid chromatography/photo‐diode array detection (HPLC‐PDA) and high‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) were compared for the quantitative analysis of α‐ and β‐carotene, β‐cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, α‐tocopherol, phylloquinone, and several retinyl esters from chylomicron‐containing triglyceride rich lipoprotein (TRL) fractions of human plasma obtained from two clinical trials.METHODSAfter selecting an efficient extraction method for the analytes, both the HPLC/PDA and the HPLC/MS/MS methods were developed and several parameters validated using an HP 1200 series HPLC system interfaced with a HP 1200 series diode‐array detector (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and a QTRAP 5500 (AB Sciex, Foster City, CA, USA) via an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) probe operated in positive ion mode.RESULTSFor lycopene, α‐ and β‐carotene, HPLC/MS/MS was up to 37 times more sensitive than HPLC‐PDA. PDA detection was shown to be up to 8 times more sensitive for lutein. MS/MS signals were enhanced by matrix components for lutein and β‐cryptoxanthin, as determined by referencing to the matrix‐independent PDA signal. In contrast, matrix suppression was observed for retinyl palmitate, α‐carotene, and β‐carotene. Both detectors showed similar suitability for α‐tocopherol, lycopene and retinyl palmitate (representing ~73% of total retinyl esters). MS/MS exclusively allowed the quantitation of minor retinyl esters, phylloquinone, and (Z)‐lycopene isomers.CONCLUSIONSHPLC/MS/MS was more sensitive than HPLC‐PDA for six of the eight analytes and represents a powerful tool for the analysis of chylomicron samples and potentially other biological samples of limited sample size. When internal standards are available for the target carotenoid, employing MS/MS detection may reduce the necessary blood sample volume, which is particularly advantageous for minimizing risk and discomfort to human subjects during clinical studies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrospray tandem mass spectrometry analysis of methylenedioxy chalcones, flavanones and flavones
Authors: Menezes José C. J. M. D. S. , Cavaleiro José A. S. , Kamat Shrivallabh P. , Barros Cristina M. R. F. , Domingues M. Rosário M. 
Published: May 2013

RATIONALESeveral methylenedioxy chalcones, flavanones and flavones substituted with mono‐, di‐ and trimethoxy groups have been used in the treatment of proliferative conditions like cancer and inflammatory diseases. The application of these flavonoids in biology requires an analytical method to ensure a detailed knowledge of their structures after drug metabolism.METHODSElectrospray ionization mass (ESI‐MS) and tandem mass (ESI‐MS/MS) spectra were acquired using a Q‐TOF 2 instrument. Fragmentation patterns and their pathways were analyzed by CID‐MS2–3 spectra acquired in a LXQ linear ion trap mass spectrometer using standard isolation and excitation procedures (activation q value of 0.25, activation time of 30 ms). ESI‐MS and ESI‐MSn conditions: spray voltage 5 kV, nitrogen 8.00 sheath gas flow rate (arb), heated capillary temperature 275°C, capillary voltage 10.99 V; tube lens voltage 75.01 V.RESULTSThe ESI‐MS/MS spectra of chalcones were nearly identical to their corresponding isomeric flavanones with 0,αA+/1,3A+ and 0,1'B+/1,4B+ cleavages. Other common losses are of •CH3, H2O, HCHO and C2H2O. The characteristic loss of C2H2O and absence of a 0,αB+/1,3B+ product ion allows to distinguish between the 2‐ or 4‐methoxy‐substituted chalcones and flavanones. Common losses of •CH3, •CH3 and •H, and C2H2O2 characteristic for the presence of methylenedioxy groups were observed in flavones.CONCLUSIONSThe substitution pattern on the B‐ring leads to distinct base peak formation in the flavones. In addition, differentiation of isomers with methoxy substituents in ortho and para positions of the B‐ring was achieved using MS/MS in chalcones and flavanones. This method will be helpful for identification of these compounds in biological mixtures. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Continuous‐flow liquid microjunction surface sampling probe connected on‐line with high‐performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry for spatially resolved analysis of small molecules and proteins
Authors: Van Berkel Gary J. , Kertesz Vilmos 
Published: May 2013

RATIONALEA continuous‐flow liquid microjunction surface sampling probe extracts soluble material from surfaces for direct ionization and detection by mass spectrometry. Demonstrated here is the on‐line coupling of such a probe with high‐performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) enabling extraction, separation and detection of small molecules and proteins from surfaces in a spatially resolved (~0.5 mm diameter spots) manner.METHODSA continuous‐flow liquid microjunction surface sampling probe was connected to a six‐port, two‐position valve for extract collection and injection to an HPLC column. A QTRAP® 5500 hybrid triple quadrupole linear ion trap equipped with a Turbo V™ ion source operated in positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode was used for all experiments. The system operation was tested with the extraction, separation and detection of propranolol and associated metabolites from drug dosed tissues, caffeine from a coffee bean, cocaine from paper currency, and proteins from dried sheep blood spots on paper.RESULTSConfirmed in the tissue were the parent drug and two different hydroxypropranolol glucuronides. The mass spectrometric response for these compounds from different locations in the liver showed an increase with increasing extraction time (5, 20 and 40 s). For on‐line separation and detection/identification of extracted proteins from dried sheep blood spots, two major protein peaks dominated the chromatogram and could be correlated with the expected masses for the hemoglobin α and β chains.CONCLUSIONSSpatially resolved sampling, separation, and detection of small molecules and proteins from surfaces can be accomplished using a continuous‐flow liquid microjunction surface sampling probe coupled on‐line with HPLC/MS detection. Published in 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.