bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural basis of LRPPRC–SLIRP-dependent translation by the mitoribosome
Authors: Singh Vivek , Moran J. Conor , Itoh Yuzuru , Soto Iliana C. , Fontanesi Flavia , Couvillion Mary , Huynen Martijn A. , Churchman L. Stirling , Barrientos Antoni , Amunts Alexey 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn mammalian mitochondria, mRNAs are cotranscriptionally stabilized by the protein factor LRPPRC (leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein). Here, we characterize LRPPRC as an mRNA delivery factor and report its cryo-electron microscopy structure in complex with SLIRP (SRA stem-loop-interacting RNA-binding protein), mRNA and the mitoribosome. The structure shows that LRPPRC associates with the mitoribosomal proteins mS39 and the N terminus of mS31 through recognition of the LRPPRC helical repeats. Together, the proteins form a corridor for handoff of the mRNA. The mRNA is directly bound to SLIRP, which also has a stabilizing function for LRPPRC. To delineate the effect of LRPPRC on individual mitochondrial transcripts, we used RNA sequencing, metabolic labeling and mitoribosome profiling, which showed a transcript-specific influence on mRNA translation efficiency, with cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and 2 translation being the most affected. Our data suggest that LRPPRC–SLIRP acts in recruitment of mitochondrial mRNAs to modulate their translation. Collectively, the data define LRPPRC–SLIRP as a regulator of the mitochondrial gene expression system.
Screening of red phosphorus supported transition metal single-atom catalysts for efficient photocatalytic water splitting H2 generation
Authors: Lu Lu , Sun Mingzi , Wu Tong , Lu Qiuyang , Chen Baian , Chan Cheuk Hei , Wong Hon Ho , Huang Bolong 
Published: August 2024

Comprehensive theoretical calculations are performed to screen red phosphorus-supported transition metal single-atom catalysts to realize efficient photocatalytic H2 generation, offering important references for future design of photocatalysts.
Factors Influencing Pediatric Cochlear Implant Use
Authors: Gagnon Erika B. , Thompson Erin M. , Park Lisa R. 
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
Cochlear implant device use, quantified by hearing hours percentage (HHP), is a known variable that impacts pediatric spoken language outcomes. Isolating specific factors that impact HHP could help clinicians intervene to reduce the implications of barriers and amplify the positive facets. The aim of this study is to identify variables that predict HHP in children.

Method:
A retrospective chart review was completed using data collected from 2019 to 2023. Subjects were included if they were under the age of 18 years at the time of data collection and had data logging recorded in the clinical patient database. A mixed-effects model weighed the influence of year of the clinical visit (2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023), race/ethnicity (White, African American, Asian, Hispanic, Mixed Race, or Other), listener type (bilateral simultaneous, sequential, bimodal, unilateral hearing loss, or unilateral listener; one cochlear implant and a contralateral deaf ear), insurance type (private, Medicaid, or military, or none), age at surgery, presence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or an intellectual development delay (IDD), and age at test on HHP.

Results:

There were a total of 5,106 data points from 958 subjects. The mean HHP of the cohort was 64.2% (
SD
= 26.94%). Lower HHP was associated with the presence of IDD or ASD, use of Medicaid, and older age at surgery. HHP increased with age. Subjects of color did not have a significantly different HHP than those who were White. There was an interaction between year of data collection and listener type. Each listener type's HHP was impacted differently by the year of data collection; however, years of the COVID-19 pandemic yielded lower HHP for all listener types.

Conclusions:
The group mean of 64.9% is lower than the recommended 80% HHP goal, indicating that pediatric cochlear implant recipients have slightly more than half the access to sound as their age-matched typically hearing peers. Several variables that impact HHP were identified in this study. Cochlear implant teams can utilize these data to support vulnerable patients to increase HHP. Additional investigation is needed to determine what interventions most effectively improve HHP.
Visual information perception system of coal mine comprehensive excavation working face for edge computing terminal
Authors: Zhao Dongyang , Su Guoyong , Wang Pengyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAiming at the problems of low detection accuracy, high computational complexity and long‐time consumption of visual perception model in a complex mining environment, this research designs a visual information perception system of coal mine comprehensive excavation working face for an edge computing terminal. Firstly, the C3‐Fast feature extraction module, spatial pyramid pooling with cross‐stage partial connection (SPPCSPC) pooling module, bi‐directional feature pyramid network and lightweight decoupled detection head are used to optimize the YOLOv5s model, so as to construct the FSBD‐YOLOv5s multi‐object detection model. Secondly, the pruning and distillation algorithm is used to lighten the FSBD‐YOLOv5s model, and the model complexity is greatly reduced while maintaining the model detection accuracy. Further, the lightweight FSBD‐YOLOv5s model is migrated and deployed to the edge computing terminal platform and the TensorRT engine is used to accelerate model inference. Finally, experiments are carried out based on the data set of the coal mine comprehensive excavation working face. The experimental results show that on the edge computing terminal platform, the parameters and computational volume of the lightweight FSBD‐YOLOv5s model are reduced by 50.8% and 34.0%, while its detection accuracy and speed reach 94.0% and 43.7 fps, which can fully satisfy the requirements of the accuracy and real‐time for the coal mine engineering applications.
Flap-Based Reconstruction in Patients with Autoimmune Disease: An Institutional Experience with the Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap and Review of the Literature
Authors: Manasyan Artur , Stanton Eloise W. , Moshal Tayla , Daar David A. , Carey Joseph N. , Koesters Emma 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Autoimmune diseases are associated with characteristic chronic inflammation, aberrations in tissue perfusion, and hypercoagulability, and thus have considerable implications for local and free-flap reconstruction. We seek to summarize the current evidence on outcomes of flap-based reconstruction in patients with pre-existing autoimmune disease and present our experience with autologous breast reconstruction in this population.
Methods PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles, and pertinent data were presented qualitatively. Institutional data were queried for patients who underwent autologous breast reconstruction with deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps between 2015 and 2024. A retrospective review was conducted to identify DIEP patients with a history of autoimmune disease. Data on patient demographics, medication history, flap outcomes, and perioperative complications were collected.
Results The majority of existing studies found no increased independent risk of flap complications. However, other complications, predominantly wound dehiscence, were independently associated with autoimmune disease. Regarding immunosuppressant therapy, the literature demonstrated that perioperative glucocorticoid use was consistently associated with all complications, including seroma, infection, wound disruption, and partial flap loss.Our 13-patient institutional experience identified no cases of total flap loss or microvascular thrombotic complications. There was one case of partial flap necrosis further complicated by abdominal site cellulitis, and one case of recipient-site dehiscence managed with local wound care. No patients required re-operation for flap or donor-site complications.
Conclusion The literature suggests that flap reconstruction can be performed safely in patients with autoimmune conditions, which was also supported by our institutional experience. While there is likely minimal risk of microsurgical complications in the context of free tissue transfer, donor-site morbidity and wound dehiscence remain major concerns for patients with a history of autoimmune disease. Limiting the use of immunosuppressive agents, especially corticosteroids, may potentially improve outcomes of flap reconstruction.
Skeletal Reorganization: Approaches towards the Synthesis of Aza-Heterocyclic Cores
Authors: Das Asish R. , Das Dwaipayan , Mandal Rahul Dev , Mukherjee Prasun , Bhattacharya Pranabes 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe impetuous development of the pharmaceutical industry and material science stimulates the search for new synthetic approaches and new methods for the synthesis and functionalization of aza-heterocycles; these are some of the key objectives of modern organic chemistry. As a result, an advanced method towards the synthesis of functionalized N-heterocycles that circumvents the limitations associated with traditional methods needs to be devised. In recent decades, rearrangement/reorganization reactions have emerged as a powerful tool for the efficient synthesis of the aza-heterocycle. In this illustration, we summarize some our recent efforts in the development of few complex aza-heterocyclic cores.1	Introduction2	Skeletal Rearrangement of Small Heterocycles via Domino Ring-Opening and Ring-Closing (DROC) Strategy3	Ru(II)-Catalyzed Skeletal Rearrangement of the Quinazoline Ring4	Lewis Acid Catalyzed Skeletal Rearrangement of Furans to Indolizine Cores5	Skeletal Rearrangement of Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes via Domino Ring-Opening and Ring-Closing (DROC) Strategy6	Lewis Acid Mediated Skeletal Rearrangement of Donor–Acceptor Spirocyclopropylpyrazolones7	Skeletal Rearrangement through Ring Distortion Strategy8	Conclusion
Fe(II)-Catalyzed Metal–Ligand Cooperative Approach for Selective C3-Alkylation of Indoles
Authors: Mandal Sutanuva , Paul Nanda D. , Chakraborty Subhajit 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHerein, we report a straightforward approach for synthesizing C3-alkylated indoles selectively via an iron-catalyzed alkylation of indoles using alcohols as the alkylating agents. A well-defined, air-stable, and easy-to-prepare Fe(II) catalyst of a redox-active tridentate arylazo scaffold was used as a catalyst. Various C3-alkylated indoles were prepared selectively in moderate to good isolated yields by coupling indoles with different substituted alcohols. The methodology is compatible with the gram-scale synthesis. Control experiments were performed to unveil the mechanism, which revealed that the alkylation reaction proceeds via borrowing-hydrogen pathway where the coordinated azo-aromatic ligand actively participates during catalysis, acting as an electron and hydrogen reservoir.
Implementation of an impurity diagnostic suite on the Pegasus-III experiment
Authors: Rodriguez Sanchez C. , Bongard M. W. , Diem S. J. , Goetz J. A. , Nornberg M. D. , Reusch J. A. , Tierney T. N. , Sontag A. C. 
Published: August 2024

A suite of diagnostics used to assess impurity content and dynamics has been updated, upgraded, and installed on the Pegasus-III Experiment. Typical plasma parameters during local helicity injection start-up are τshot ∼ 10 ms, ne ∼ 1 × 1019 m−3, and Te ∼ 50 eV. The deployed diagnostics are compatible with this modest temperature and density regime and provide species identification, source localization, and estimation of radiation losses. Impurity species are determined by recording time-evolving, single line-of-sight spectra at 1.25 kfps using a SPRED (Survey, Poor Resolution, Extended Domain) vacuum ultraviolet spectrometer. SPRED is equipped with 450 g/mm grating, giving a spectral resolution of 0.33 nm and a spectral range from ∼10 to 110 nm, useful to identify light impurity species in this temperature and density range. An absolutely calibrated spectrometer that collects light from the plasma at Rtan = 15.9 cm and Δt ≥ 2 ms is used as a visible survey spectrometer and for continuum measurements. The radiated power from the plasma is estimated with a photodiode-based diagnostic. Two 16-channel absolute extreme ultraviolet diode arrays are placed behind pinhole apertures, resulting in 32 lines of sight at Z = 0, with a spatial resolution of 2–3 cm and a time response of 60 kHz. A photometrically calibrated collinear Dα/near infrared filtered photodiode-based system measures the Dα emission and around 1040 nm. All these instruments have been designed to suppress electromagnetic interference from megawatt-class switching power supplies.
Magnetisation control of the nematicity direction and nodal points in a superconducting doped topological insulator
Authors: Khokhlov D A , Akzyanov R S , Kapranov A V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study the effects of magnetisation on the properties of the doped topological insulator of the

Bi
2

Se
3

family with nematic superconductivity. We found that the direction of the in-plane magnetisation fixes the direction of the nematicity in the system. The chiral state is more favourable than the nematic state for large values of out-of-plane magnetisation. Overall, the critical temperature of the nematic superconductivity is robust against magnetisation. We explore in detail the spectrum of the system with the pinned direction of the nematic order parameter

Δ

y

. Without magnetisation, there is a full gap in the spectrum because of finite hexagonal warping. At an out-of-plane mz
or orthogonal in-plane mx
magnetisation that is strong enough, the spectrum is closed at the nodal points that are split by the magnetisation. Flat Majorana surface states connect such split bulk nodal points. Parallel magnetisation my
lifts the nodal points and opens a full gap in the spectrum. We discuss relevant experiments and propose experimental verifications of our theory.
Quantum exploration of high-dimensional canyon landscapes
Authors: Urbani Pierfrancesco 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Canyon landscapes in high dimension can be described as manifolds of small, but extensive dimension, immersed in a higher dimensional ambient space and characterized by a zero potential energy on the manifold. Here we consider the problem of a quantum particle exploring a prototype of a high-dimensional random canyon landscape. We characterize the thermal partitionfunction and show that around the point where the classical phase space has a satisfiability transition so that zero potential energy canyons disappear, moderate quantum fluctuations have a deleterious effect: they induce glassy phasesat temperature where classical thermal fluctuations alone would thermalize the system. Surprisingly we show that even when, classically, diffusion is expected to be unbounded in space, the interplay between quantum fluctuations and the randomness of the canyon landscape conspire to have a confining effect.
Dynamic fluctuations of current and mass in nonequilibrium mass transport processes
Authors: Hazra Animesh , Mukherjee Anirban , Pradhan Punyabrata 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We study steady-state dynamic fluctuations of current and mass in several variants of random average processes on a ring of L sites. These processes violate detailed balance in the bulk and have nontrivial spatial structures: their steady states are not described by the Boltzmann–Gibbs distribution and can have nonzero spatial correlations. Using a microscopic approach, we exactly calculate the second cumulants, or the variance,

⟨

Q

i
2

(
T
)

⟩
c

and

⟨

Q

sub

2

(
l
,
T
)

⟩
c

, of cumulative (time-integrated) currents up to time T across the ith bond and across a subsystem of size l (summed over bonds in the subsystem), respectively. We also calculate the (two-point) dynamic correlation function of the subsystem mass. In particular, we show that, for large

L
≫
1

, the second cumulant

⟨

Q

i
2

(
T
)

⟩
c

of the cumulative current up to time T across the ith bond grows linearly as

⟨

Q

i
2

⟩
c

∼
T

for initial times

T
∼

O

(
1
)

, subdiffusively as

⟨

Q
i
2

⟩
c

∼

T

1

/

2

for intermediate times

1
≪
T
≪

L
2

, and then again linearly as

⟨

Q

i
2

⟩
c

∼
T

for long times

T
≫

L
2

. The scaled cumulant

lim

l
→
∞
,
T
→
∞

⟨

Q

sub

2

(
l
,
T
)

⟩
c

/

2
l
T

of current across the subsystem of size l and up to time T converges to the density-dependent particle mobility

χ
(
ρ
)

when the large subsystem-size limit is taken first, followed by the large-time limit; when the limits are reversed, it simply vanishes. Remarkably, regardless of the dynamical rules, the scaled current cumulant

D
⟨

Q

i
2

(
T
)

⟩
c

/

2
χ
L
≡

W

(
y
)

as a function of scaled time

y
=
D
T

/

L
2

can be expressed in terms of a universal scaling function

W

(
y
)

, where D is the bulk-diffusion coefficient; interestingly, the intermediate-time subdiffusive and long-time diffusive growths can be connected through a single scaling function

W

(
y
)

. The power spectra for current and mass are also exactly characterized by the respective scaling functions. Furthermore, we provide a microscopic derivation of equilibrium-like Green–Kubo and Einstein relations that connect the steady-state current fluctuations to an ‘operational’ mobility (i.e. the response to an external force field) and mass fluctuation, respectively.
Manufacturing and testing of pliers to weld 3D printing filaments
Authors: Török J , Kočiško M , Pollák M , Vandžura R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The advent of affordable three-dimensional printers has unlocked new possibilities for small business owners and hobbyists to convert their digital designs into tangible objects. However, during the production process, a lot of material ends up as waste because of improper storage or unused plastic fibers. This paper discusses the existing market products that aim to tackle these issues. Additionally, we introduce a specially designed pair of welding tongs that make it effortless to join plastic fibers utilized in fused deposition modeling printers. The paper presents a prototype of the tongs and provides a summary of the optimal welding temperatures for different printing materials. Finally, the conclusion evaluates the strength of the fibers after the welding process based on the results obtained from a testing mechanism.
Study on the morphology and mechanical properties of dissimilar Al/Al-Li alloy T-joints by friction stir welding
Authors: Zuo D Q , Han Y J , Fu H R , Jin S Q , Ye T , Fu Y M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Friction stir welding is an emerging solid-state joining technology. With the advantages of small post-weld deformation and high connection performance, it is widely used in the aerospace field. In this paper, the FSW welding process of 7055-T61 Al and 2197-T8 Al-Li dissimilar T-shaped stiffened panel was investigated. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of tool shoulder structure and welding parameters on the morphology and mechanical properties of T-joints. It is found that compared with the shoulder inner concave surface without spiral, the weld defects of shoulder inner concave surface with spiral are less. When the welding speed v is 60 mm/min, the rotation speed w is 350 r/min and the plunge depth h is 0.21 mm, the transverse tensile strength of T-joint is 408 MPa, which reaches respectively 68.0% and 71.6% of the base materials 7055-T61 and 2197-T8. It shows that the welding quality of T-joints is better when it is implemented under the optimal combination of welding process parameters.
Investigation of anti-windup Proportional-Integral controller with semi-decoupled tuning gains in motor speed control
Authors: Lai Chun Haw , Hoo Choon Lih 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Integral windup refers to a prevalent phenomenon that can occur in Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control systems that employ integral control where the control output generated exceeds the operating limit of an actuator. Despite the system’s inability to respond further due to control output limitations, the integral controller perseveres in accumulating errors. The accumulation of error can lead to system instability and undesirable oscillations. Additionally, the dynamic response of the PID controller is also limited by the coupled tuning gain characteristics, complicating the process of gain tuning. The coupling and decoupling of the tuning gains are depending on the separation of the gains in the error dynamics of the system. In this study, a concept of semi-decoupled tuning gains in anti-windup controllers is proposed. The performance of the proposed controller was investigated through hardware simulation against conventional PI and existing anti-windup schemes and has demonstrated an overall improvement in its dynamic behaviour such as faster settling time and its ability to tune the system without significantly altering its damping ratio.
Numerical investigation on the performance of combinational spike and transpiration cooling concept for nose cone under hypersonic conditions
Authors: Lei J M , Guo J , Zhang L Y , Sun G Y , Zhang Y G 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aiming at solving the thermal protection problems of the nose cone for hypersonic vehicles, a novel combinational spike and transpiration cooling concept is proposed in this paper. Although the temperature of the nose cone structure can be effectively reduced by traditional transpiration cooling, the cooling effect is not ideal due to the extremely high heat flux and pressure near the stagnation point. In the combinational configuration, the bow shock wave at the leading edge of the nose cone is pushed away by the spike, so that the pressure and heat flux along the nose cone surface are reduced obviously, and the cooling effect is also improved significantly. The flow field generated by this innovative concept has been thoroughly examined through numerical simulations employing the compressible Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations in conjunction with the shear stress transport (SST) k-ω turbulence model. The fluid-thermal interaction is considered by using the conjugate heat transfer approach. The performance of three configurations based on the nose cone are numerically investigated, including transpiration cooling, spike, combinational spike and transpiration cooling. The numerical results show that, compared with the traditional transpiration cooling, the temperature at the stagnation point of the nose cone for the combinational configuration is reduced by about 64%, which proves the feasibility and high efficiency of the novel combinational concept. With the increase of coolant mass flow, the temperature along the nose cone surface for combinational configuration decreases, while the magnitude of the temperature reduction decreases. Therefore, under certain incoming flow conditions, the appropriate coolant mass flow should be considered to achieve better thermal protection effect.