bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left Ventricular Mechanics in Untreated Normotensive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Two‐ and Three‐dimensional Speckle Tracking Study
Authors: Tadic Marijana , Ilic Sanja , Cuspidi Cesare , Stojcevski Biljana , Ivanovic Branislava , Bukarica Ljiljana , Jozika Ljilja , Celic Vera 
Published: October 2014

BackgroundOur aim was to investigate left ventricular (LV) mechanics estimated by two‐ (2DE) and three‐dimensional echocardiography (3DE) strains in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 50 untreated normotensive DM subjects and 50 healthy controls similar by sex and age. All the subjects underwent adequate laboratory analyses and complete 2DE and 3DE examination.ResultsLeft ventricular mechanics, assessed by 2DE, was impaired in all three directions. Global longitudinal 3DE strain was significantly decreased in the DM group in comparison with the controls (−17.8 ± 2.5 vs. −19.1 ± 2.7%, P = 0.014). Similar results were found for 3DE global circumferential strain (−18.9 ± 2.9 vs. −20.4 ± 3.2%, P = 0.01), 3DE global radial strain (40.3 ± 6.9 vs. 43.1 ± 7.3%, P = 0.035), and 3DE global area strain (−29.2 ± 3.7 vs. −31 ± 4%, P = 0.024). LV torsion was similar between the DM patients and the controls (2.1 ± 0.6 vs. 1.9 ± 0.5 °/cm, P = 0.073); whereas LV untwisting rate was significantly increased in the DM subjects (−114 ± 26 vs. ‐96 ±23 °/s, P < 0.001). A multivariate analysis showed that 3DE global longitudinal and area myocardial functions were associated with HbA1c independently of 3DE LV mass index.ConclusionLeft ventricular deformation obtained by 3DE is significantly impaired in the type 2 DM patients. HbA1c is independently associated with LV mechanics that implies that early anti‐diabetic therapy and normalization of the fasting glucose level and HbA1c could impede further cardiac damage.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the efficacy of furosemide for exercise‐induced pulmonary haemorrhage inThoroughbred andStandardbred racehorses
Authors: Sullivan S. L. , Whittem T. , Morley P. S. , Hinchcliff K. W. 
Published: October 2014

SummaryReasons for performing studyFurosemide is the most commonly used medication for exercise‐induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH); however, critical evaluation of the strength of evidence for efficacy of furosemide is lacking and is warranted so that evidence‐based treatment decisions can be made.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of furosemide to reduce the severity or frequency of detection ofEIPHin Thoroughbred and Standardbred racehorses.Study designSystematic review with meta‐analyses.MethodsPrimary studies were identified via searches of electronic databases, relevant texts and reference lists of published articles. Studies were not restricted by date or publication status. Only studies published in English were eligible for inclusion. Searches were performed using a predetermined search string. Randomised controlled trials, nonrandomised trials and observational studies were included. Three authors independently assessed each study using theCochrane collaboration guidelines andGrading ofRecommendationsAssessment,Development andEvaluation recommendations for rating quality of evidence. Meta‐analysis of studies was performed with pooled data to determine whether furosemide reduced the frequency of detection ofEIPH(yes or no) as evaluated by tracheobronchoscopy or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid red blood cell number, or if furosemide reduced the severity ofEIPHby at least one tracheobronchoscopic grade.ResultsSeventeen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The relative risk of detecting anyEIPHby tracheobronchoscopy after administration of furosemide was 0.88 (pooled data from 11 studies, n = 5780; 95% confidence interval 0.79–0.97, P = 0.01). When data from only high‐quality randomised controlled trials (2 studies, n = 405) were used, the relative risk of detecting endoscopically evidentEIPHwas 0.68 (95% confidence interval 0.58–0.79, P<0.001). The proportion of horses previously diagnosed withEIPHhaving a reduction of at least oneEIPHgrade after furosemide was 68% (2 studies, n = 405; 95% confidence interval 61–78%).ConclusionsThere is high‐quality evidence, albeit limited, that administration of furosemide reduces the incidence and severity ofEIPHin Thoroughbred or Standardbred racehorses.
Creativity, Art and Learning: A Psycho‐Social Exploration of Uncertainty
Authors: Carabine Jean 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWhat makes it possible for artists to stay with the anxieties and uncertainties of the creative process? This aspect of an artist's development is rarely theorised or addressed despite it being an essential aspect of creative practice. It is a capacity, similar to tacit knowing, that is gradually acquired and learnt, and cultivated over time as part of the process of practising art and being an artist. The role of tacit knowledge as a key aspect of fine art education is well documented and is a learning experience that artists are familiar with. However, what tends to get focused on in discussions about tacit knowing are the practical, usually physical and technical, aspects of learning from experience to the exclusion of a range of mental or psychological capacities that are also a fundamental part of the tacit knowing process and vital to the learning necessary to be an artist. These mental capacities, which include being able to tolerate high levels of excitability, periods of nothingness, chaos, uncertainty and not‐knowing, are also, I suggest, passed between tutor and student as a form of tacit knowledge. This article draws on the experience of one artist, both as a learner and as an emergent practising artist, in developing this ability. The role played by art tutors in supporting student artists to develop a capacity to stay with the anxieties of the creative process is also explored.
Ultrasound Guided Transarterial Coil Placement in the Internal and External Carotid Artery in Horses
Authors: Muñoz Juan , Iglesias Manuel , Chao Eduardo Lloret , Bussy Christian 
Published: October 2014

ObjectivesTo assess ultrasound guided transarterial coil placement (UGTACP) for occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and external carotid artery (ECA) in horses.Study DesignCadaveric and in vivo study.AnimalsCadaveric horses (n = 10), healthy horses (3), and 1 clinical case.MethodsCadaveric and in vivo (healthy horses): UGTACP was performed in the caudal part of the ICA and ECA. Coil placement in the rostral part of the ICA was performed blindly and controlled by conventional radiography. No coils were placed in the rostral part of the ECA. Clinical case: UGTACP of the ICA was in a horse with guttural pouch mycosis of the left guttural pouch.ResultsAccurate ultrasound‐guided catheterization of the ICA and ECA was performed in all specimens. Ultrasound‐guided coil placement was successfully performed in all cases except 1. No complications occurred in the in vivo study. The clinical case fully recovered and returned to its intended use.ConclusionsBased on our study, UGTACP of the ICA and ECA caudal part is a feasible alternative to fluoroscopy. An advantage of this technique is the accuracy with which you can catheterize both ICA and ECA and the ability to identify unusual branching at the origin of the ICA. Regarding the rostral part of the ICA, angiographic catheter guidance in this region is probably more precise using fluoroscopy as it is performed blindly. In a clinical situation, combination of US and fluoroscopy guidance can result in reduction of radiation exposure time.
Systematic review of fall risk screening tools for older patients in acute hospitals
Authors: Matarese Maria , Ivziku Dhurata , Bartolozzi Francesco , Piredda Michela , De Marinis Maria Grazia 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAimsTo determine the most accurate fall risk screening tools for predicting falls among patients aged 65 years or older admitted to acute care hospitals.BackgroundFalls represent a serious problem in older inpatients due to the potential physical, social, psychological and economic consequences. Older inpatients present with risk factors associated with age‐related physiological and psychological changes as well as multiple morbidities. Thus, fall risk screening tools for older adults should include these specific risk factors. There are no published recommendations addressing what tools are appropriate for older hospitalized adults.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, CINAHL and Cochrane electronic databases were searched between January 1981–April 2013. Only prospective validation studies reporting sensitivity and specificity values were included.Review methodsRecommendations of the Cochrane Handbook of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Reviews have been followed.ResultsThree fall risk assessment tools were evaluated in seven articles. Due to the limited number of studies, meta‐analysis was carried out only for the STRATIFY and Hendrich Fall Risk Model II. In the combined analysis, the Hendrich Fall Risk Model II demonstrated higher sensitivity than STRATIFY, while the STRATIFY showed higher specificity. In both tools, the Youden index showed low prognostic accuracy.ConclusionThe identified tools do not demonstrate predictive values as high as needed for identifying older inpatients at risk for falls. For this reason, no tool can be recommended for fall detection. More research is needed to evaluate fall risk screening tools for older inpatients.
Effective responder communication, perceived responder legitimacy, and group identification predict public cooperation and compliance in a mass decontamination visualization experiment
Authors: Carter Holly , Drury John , Amlôt Richard , Rubin G. James , Williams Richard 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis article describes a visualization experiment that tests hypotheses based on the social identity approach about effectiveness of communication strategies during mass decontamination. Specifically, the mediating role of social identity processes between effective responder communication and relevant outcome variables (e.g., public compliance), is examined. After visualizing that they had been involved in a hypothetical incident involving decontamination, participants (N = 129) received one of three different communication strategies: (1) health‐focused information about decontamination, sufficient practical information; (2) no health‐focused information, sufficient practical information; and (3) no health‐focused information, low practical information. The communication strategy perceived as most effective included health‐focused information and practical information; this resulted in the highest levels of expected compliance, mediated by social identity variables. Implications for management of mass decontamination are discussed.
Protein kinase D1 regulates ERα‐positive breast cancer cell growth response to 17β‐estradiol and contributes to poor prognosis in patients
Authors: Karam Manale , Bièche Ivan , Legay Christine , Vacher Sophie , Auclair Christian , Ricort Jean‐Marc 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAbout 70% of human breast cancers express and are dependent for growth on estrogen receptor α (ERα), and therefore are sensitive to antiestrogen therapies. However, progression to an advanced, more aggressive phenotype is associated with acquisition of resistance to antiestrogens and/or invasive potential. In this study, we highlight the role of the serine/threonine‐protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in ERα‐positive breast cancers. Growth of ERα‐positive MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐415 human breast cancer cells was assayed in adherent or anchorage‐independent conditions in cells overexpressing or depleted for PKD1. PKD1 induces cell growth through both an ERα‐dependent manner, by increasing ERα expression and cell sensitivity to 17β‐estradiol, and an ERα‐independent manner, by reducing cell dependence to estrogens and conferring partial resistance to antiestrogen ICI 182,780. PKD1 knockdown in MDA‐MB‐415 cells strongly reduced estrogen‐dependent and independent invasion. Quantification of PKD1 mRNA levels in 38 cancerous and non‐cancerous breast cell lines and in 152 ERα‐positive breast tumours from patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen showed an association between PKD1 and ERα expression in 76.3% (29/38) of the breast cell lines tested and a strong correlation between PKD1 expression and invasiveness (P < 0.0001). In tamoxifen‐treated patients, tumours with high PKD1 mRNA levels (n = 77, 50.66%) were significantly associated with less metastasis‐free survival than tumours with low PKD1 mRNA expression (n = 75, 49.34%; P = 0.031). Moreover, PKD1 mRNA levels are strongly positively associated with EGFR and vimentin levels (P < 0.0000001). Thus, our study defines PKD1 as a novel attractive prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.
BMP‐9 regulates the osteoblastic differentiation and calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells through an ALK1 mediated pathway
Authors: Zhu Dongxing , Mackenzie Neil Charles Wallace , Shanahan Catherine M. , Shroff Rukshana C. , Farquharson Colin , MacRae Vicky Elizabeth 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe process of vascular calcification shares many similarities with that of physiological skeletal mineralization, and involves the deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals in arteries. However, the cellular mechanisms responsible have yet to be fully explained. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP‐9) has been shown to exert direct effects on both bone development and vascular function. In the present study, we have investigated the role of BMP‐9 in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification. Vessel calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD) begins pre‐dialysis, with factors specific to the dialysis milieu triggering accelerated calcification. Intriguingly, BMP‐9 was markedly elevated in serum from CKD children on dialysis. Furthermore, in vitro studies revealed that BMP‐9 treatment causes a significant increase in VSMC calcium content, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mRNA expression of osteogenic markers. BMP‐9‐induced calcium deposition was significantly reduced following treatment with the ALP inhibitor 2,5‐Dimethoxy‐N‐(quinolin‐3‐yl) benzenesulfonamide confirming the mediatory role of ALP in this process. The inhibition of ALK1 signalling using a soluble chimeric protein significantly reduced calcium deposition and ALP activity, confirming that BMP‐9 is a physiological ALK1 ligand. Signal transduction studies revealed that BMP‐9 induced Smad2, Smad3 and Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation. As these Smad proteins directly bind to Smad4 to activate target genes, siRNA studies were subsequently undertaken to examine the functional role of Smad4 in VSMC calcification. Smad4‐siRNA transfection induced a significant reduction in ALP activity and calcium deposition. These novel data demonstrate that BMP‐9 induces VSMC osteogenic differentiation and calcification via ALK1, Smad and ALP dependent mechanisms. This may identify new potential therapeutic strategies for clinical intervention.
Erythema elevatum diutinum: a review of presentation and treatment
Authors: Momen S.E. , Jorizzo J. , Al‐Niaimi F. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractErythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare, chronic and treatable skin condition. It has many histological mimics and is often associated with a variety of underlying systemic diseases, when these are present the management and prognosis dictates the course of the EED. This review aims to highlight the differential diagnosis, clinical manifestations of EED and the possible underlying systemic disease. It is important for clinicians to be aware that EED may predate underlying conditions and the presence of lesions may indicate underlying disease activity. In some cases one may need ‘search’ for underlying disease. Treatment of these lesions is notoriously difficult. Dapsone is used as the mainstay of treatment, however other options exist. We have highlighted different treatment options and suggested a treatment algorithm. In some cases, treatment may need to be targeted at underlying disease.
Dermatological consultations in an observation unit of an emergency department in Italy
Authors: Drago F. , Gasparini G. , Signori A. , Campisi C. , Cozzani E. , Parodi A. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBackgroundDermatological emergencies exist and should not be underestimated. On the other hand, many accesses to the emergency department (ED) of patients with dermatological conditions are unjustified.ObjectiveOur main objective is to describe dermatological conditions seen in an ED observation unit (EDOU). Secondly, our aim is to identify alarm symptoms and signs of ‘true emergencies’.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study, including dermatological patients admitted to EDOU of the University Hospital of San Martino, Genoa, Italy, in 3 years.ResultsOverall 372 patients were studied. The most common condition seen was infection (41.67%) (mainly bacterial), followed by atypical exanthem (13.98%) and vasculitis (11.29%). The highest rate of cases peaked in May (13%); infectious diseases showed two peaks (spring and autumn).ConclusionGiven constraints involved in health care today, it is crucial to understand which dermatological presentations are ‘true emergencies’. In such a scenario knowing the epidemiology of dermatological emergencies and the alarming skin signs and symptoms might be useful.
Individual Differences in the Context‐Dependent Recruitment of Cognitive Control: Evidence From Action Versus State Orientation
Authors: Fischer Rico , Plessow Franziska , Dreisbach Gesine , Goschke Thomas 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe ability to flexibly adapt to deviations from optimal performance is an important aspect of self‐control. In the present study, the authors present first evidence that the personality trait action versus state orientation (Kuhl, 2000) modulates the ability of adaptive control adjustments in response to experienced conflicts. Sixty‐two German individuals with extreme scores on the action‐state dimension performed a response interference task, that is, 31 extreme action‐oriented individuals (30 females; Mage = 20.35 years) and 31 extreme state‐oriented individuals (20 females; Mage = 23.23 years), respectively. Action‐oriented individuals displayed a stronger conflict adaptation effect as evidenced by a stronger reduction of interference on trials following conflict. These results were further corroborated by a correlational analysis including a sample of 105 participants: the higher the score on the action‐state dimension, the lower the interference effect following conflict (i.e., stronger conflict adaptation). The results provide evidence that even low‐level, bottom‐up‐driven processes of self‐control such as conflict adaptation are systematically moderated by individual differences in control modes and provide insights into the cognitive mechanisms underlying action versus state orientation.
Sensory Characteristics ofSeolgitteok(Korean Rice Cake) in Relation to the Added Levels of Brown Rice Flour and Sugar
Authors: Cho Sungeun , Yoon Suk Hoo , Min Jieun , Lee Suji , Tokar Tonya , Lee Sun‐Ok , Seo Han‐Seok 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThere are growing interests for both ethnic and healthy foods in theU.S.A.Rapidly increasing attention has also been paid to the development of gluten‐free or dietary fiber‐rich products.Seolgitteok(Korean traditional rice cake) is prepared mainly with sugar, salt, water and white rice flour containing no gluten, by steaming. Based on two points that (1) brown rice, relative to white rice, retains more nutritional values and (2) NorthAmericans, in comparison to EastAsians, tend to prefer stronger sweetness, this study preparedSeolgitteokwith varying added levels of brown rice flour and sugar. Following theSpectrum method, 9 trained panelists evaluated 15Seolgitteoksamples for 12 flavor‐related and 15 texture‐related attributes. The intensities of sensory attributes significantly varied in relation to the added levels of brown rice flour and sugar inSeolgitteok. Especially, flavor‐ and texture‐related attributes were more associated with the added amounts of brown rice flour and sugar, respectively.Practical ApplicationsThis study provides how sensory characteristics ofSeolgitteokcan vary by added levels of brown rice flour and sugar. Our findings can assist product developers and sensory professionals in understanding sensory characteristics ofSeolgitteok, which may be applicable for patients with celiac diseases as it is made with rice flour containing no gluten. Finally, it is worth noting that a list of sensory terms, developed by NorthAmerican trained panel in theU.S.A., may facilitate its usage and application inEnglish‐speaking countries.
Suspending Mammalian LHRHa‐injected Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, in Individual Soft Mesh Bags Reduces Stress and Improves Reproductive Performance
Authors: Chatakondi Nagaraj G. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractHormone‐induced spawning of channel catfish held communally in tanks is a reliable method to produce channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus ♀ × blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus ♂, F1 hybrid catfish fry. However, mature catfish are crowded, and repeatedly handled during the process of induced ovulation. Repeated handling of gravid females is stressful and may impair ovulation, egg quality, and reproductive performance. Three trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of two methods of confining post‐hormone‐injected female channel catfish on stress response (cortisol concentrations) and reproductive performance: fish were either held individually while suspended in soft, nylon‐mesh bags or communally in a concrete tank. Percent of females ovulated to hormone treatment, relative fecundity, percent egg viability, and latency of channel catfish did not differ for fish in the two treatments. However, percent hatch and fry/kg of females was higher (P < 0.05) for fish held in bags that for fish held communally in tanks. Mean plasma cortisol response immediately prior to the first hormone injection (0 h) did not differ among fish groups in the two treatments. However, mean plasma cortisol concentrations were significantly lower (P < 0.05) for fish in the bag treatment at 16 and 36 h compared to fish held communally in tanks. Plasma estradiol levels (measure of oocyte maturation) were assessed at 0, 16, and 36 h after hormone injection; concentrations were (P < 0.05) higher at 16 h compared to 0 and 36 h; however, estradiol concentrations did not differ for fish held in the two treatments (P > 0.05). Suspending hormone‐injected broodfish individually in soft bags reduced stress response, improved egg hatching rate, and increased hybrid fry produced per kg weight of female broodfish. Using this simple technology, farmers can improve the efficiency of hatcheries producing hybrid catfish fry.