bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Analysis of the Acute Effects of a Heavy Resistance Exercise Warm-Up on Agility Performance in Court-Sport Athletes
Authors: Sole Christopher J. , Moir Gavin L. , Davis Shala E. , Witmer Chad A. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the acute effects of heavy resistance exercise on agility performance in court-sport athletes. Five men (age: 20.6 ± 1.9 years; body mass: 79.36 ± 11.74 kg; body height: 1.93 ± 0.09 m) and five women (age 21.2 ± 2.7 years; body mass: 65.8 ± 10.18 kg; body height 1.77 ± 0.08 m) volunteered to participate in the present study. All subjects were NCAA Division II athletes who currently participated in tennis or basketball and all had previous resistance training experience of at least one year. In a counterbalanced design, agility performance during a 10 m shuttle test was assessed following either a dynamic warm-up (DW) or heavy resistance warm-up (HRW) protocol. The HRW protocol consisted of three sets of squats at 50, 60, and 90% of 1-RM. Agility performance was captured using an eight camera motion analysis system and the mechanical variables of stride length, stride frequency, stance time, flight time, average ground reaction force, as well as agility time were recorded. No significant differences were reported for the HRW and DW protocols for any of the mechanical variables (p>0.05), although there was a trend towards the HRW protocol producing faster agility times compared to the control protocol (p = 0.074). Based on the trend towards a significant effect, as well as individual results it is possible that HRW protocols could be used as an acute method to improve agility performance in some court-sport athletes.
The Acute Effect of Upper-Body Complex Training on Power Output of Martial Art Athletes as Measured by the Bench Press Throw Exercise
Authors: Liossis Loudovikos Dimitrios , Forsyth Jacky , Liossis Ceorge , Tsolakis Charilaos 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effect of upper body complex training on power output, as well as to determine the requisite preload intensity and intra-complex recovery interval needed to induce power output increases. Nine amateur-level combat/martial art athletes completed four distinct experimental protocols, which consisted of 5 bench press repetitions at either: 65% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) with a 4 min rest interval; 65% of 1RM with an 8 min rest; 85% of 1RM with a 4 min rest; or 85% of 1RM with an 8 min rest interval, performed on different days. Before (pre-conditioning) and after (post-conditioning) each experimental protocol, three bench press throws at 30% of 1RM were performed. Significant differences in power output pre-post conditioning were observed across all experimental protocols (F=26.489, partial eta2=0.768, p=0.001). Mean power output significantly increased when the preload stimulus of 65% 1RM was matched with 4 min of rest (p=0.001), and when the 85% 1RM preload stimulus was matched with 8 min of rest (p=0.001). Moreover, a statistically significant difference in power output was observed between the four conditioning protocols (F= 21.101, partial eta²=0.913, p=0.001). It was concluded that, in complex training, matching a heavy preload stimulus with a longer rest interval, and a lighter preload stimulus with a shorter rest interval is important for athletes wishing to increase their power production before training or competition.
Attention, Visual Perception and their Relationship to Sport Performance in Fencing
Authors: Hijazi Mona Mohamed Kamal 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Attention and visual perception are important in fencing, as they affect the levels of performance and achievement in fencers. This study identifies the levels of attention and visual perception among male and female fencers and the relationship between attention and visual perception dimensions and the sport performance in fencing. The researcher employed a descriptive method in a sample of 16 fencers during the 2010/2011 season. The sample was comprised of eight males and eight females who participated in the 11-year stage of the Cairo Championships. The Test of Attentional and Interpersonal Style, which was designed by Nideffer and translated by Allawi (1998) was applied. The test consisted of 59 statements that measured seven dimensions. The Test of Visual Perception Skills designed by Alsmadune (2005), which includes seven dimensions was also used. Among females, a positive and statistically significant correlation between the achievement level and Visual Discrimination, Visual-Spatial Relationships, Visual Sequential Memory, Narrow Attentional Focus and Information Processing was observed, while among males, there was a positive and statistically significant correlation between the achievement level and Visual Discrimination, Visual Sequential Memory, Broad External Attentional Focus and Information Processing. For both males and females, a positive and statistically significant correlation between achievement level and Visual Discrimination, Visual Sequential Memory, Broad External Attentional, Narrow Attentional Focus and Information Processing was found. There were statistically significant differences between males and females in Visual Discrimination and Visual-Form Constancy.
The Influence of Anthropometric, Kinematic and Energetic Variables and Gender on Swimming Performance in Youth Athletes
Authors: Morais Jorge E , Garrido Nuno D , Marques Mário C , Silva António J , Marinho Daniel A , Barbosa Tiago M 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the: (i) gender; (ii) performance and; (iii) gender versus performance interactions in young swimmers’ anthropometric, kinematic and energetic variables. One hundred and thirty six young swimmers (62 boys: 12.76 ± 0.72 years old at Tanner stages 1-2 by self-evaluation; and 64 girls: 11.89 ± 0.93 years old at Tanner stages 1-2 by self-evaluation) were evaluated. Performance, anthropometrics, kinematics and energetic variables were selected. There was a non-significant gender effect on performance, body mass, height, arm span, trunk transverse surface area, stroke length, speed fluctuation, swimming velocity, propulsive efficiency, stroke index and critical velocity. A significant gender effect was found for foot surface area, hand surface area and stroke frequency. A significant sports level effect was verified for all variables, except for stroke frequency, speed fluctuation and propulsive efficiency. Overall, swimmers in quartile 1 (the ones with highest sports level) had higher anthropometric dimensions, better stroke mechanics and energetics. These traits decrease consistently throughout following quartiles up to the fourth one (i.e. swimmers with the lowest sports level). There was a non-significant interaction between gender and sports level for all variables. Our main conclusions were as follows: (i) there are non-significant differences in performance, anthropometrics, kinematics and energetics between boys and girls; (ii) swimmers with best performance are taller, have higher surface areas and better stroke mechanics; (iii) there are non-significant interactions between sports level and gender for anthropometrics, kinematics and energetics.
Anthropometry of World-Class Elite Handball Players According to the Playing Position: Reports From Men's Handball World Championship 2013
Authors: Ghobadi Hamid , Rajabi Hamid , Farzad Babak , Bayati Mahdi , Jeffreys Ian 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Identifying the anthropometric measures of successful and less successful handball players may be helpful in developing a talent identification and development model, allowing for the determination of key physical capacities required for elite performance. The purpose of the study was to describe the anthropometric characteristics, including age, standing stature, body mass and body mass index (BMI) in handball players who participated in the 2013 Men's Handball World Championships. Secondly, the objective was to identify the possible differences in these parameters in terms of individual playing positions (goalkeeper, back, center back, wing, line player). Rosters with handball player's age, standing stature, and body mass were obtained from the International Handball Federation website. The research material included 409 handball players (24 teams). National teams were organized by their ranks and sub-grouped using their continents and playing positions. The results of the analyses of variance demonstrated significant differences in age (F=2.30; p=0.044; Partial ŋ2=0.028), standing stature (F=14.02; p=0.0001; Partial ŋ2=0.148), and body mass (F=5.88; p=0.0001; Partial ŋ2=0.068) among the groups (G1-G6). Players in G1 had the highest standing stature and body mass, while players in G6 had the lowest age and body mass values. The backs and line players were the tallest. In addition, the measurement of body mass showed that the line players had the highest body mass and BMI values. In conclusion, this study presented anthropometric data that differentiated levels of success in male handball teams playing in the 2013 world championships. This information should serve as a reference for the average standing stature, body mass, and BMI of handball players for particular positions at the professional level.
The Athlete's Perception of Coaches’ Behavior Towards Competitors with a Different Sports Level
Authors: Siekanska Małgorzata , Blecharz Jan , Wojtowicz Agnieszka 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The study was designed to examine how active and former athletes across a different sports level perceived coaching behavior. Eighty competitive athletes (44 males and 36 females; 21.89 ±1.48 years of age; 8.35 ± 3.65 years of competitive experience) from the University School of Physical Education in Cracow, Poland, participated in the study. They represented both individual (n = 50) and team sports (n = 30). Seventeen participants were internationally renowned and 63 were recognized for competitive excellence at a national level. The participants responded to a demographic survey and the Coaches’ Behaviors Survey. The qualitative analysis procedures were employed to extract themes from open-ended questions. It was confirmed that coaches who perceived their athletes as more skilled, also treated them differently. Female athletes as compared with male athletes, more frequently pointed at the leniency in coach’s behavior towards highly skilled athletes, and perceived it as a factor inhibiting athletic development. Additionally, women often found individualization of the training process as a behavior reinforcing development. Less accomplished athletes more often pointed out to “a post-training session interest in the athlete” as directed only towards more accomplished counterparts; however, they indicated “leniency and favoring” less often than the athletes with international achievements. They also listed “excessive criticism” as a type of behavior hindering development, but they indicated coaches’ “authoritarianism and distance” less frequently than the more accomplished counterparts. The study added data to the discussion of the Pygmalion effect and the phenomenon of the self-fulfilling prophecy both in general (Rosenthal and Jacobson, 1968; Harris and Rosenthal, 1985; Jussim, 1989) and sport psychology (Harris and Rosenthal, 1985; Horn et al., 1998; Solomon and Kosmitzki, 1996; Solomon et al., 1998; Solomon, 2001).
The post-80s generation in Beijing: collective memory and generational identity
Authors: Constantin Sandra Valérie 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis article questions the relevance of the notion of generation to describe the cohort who lives in Beijing and who was born in the 1980s and early 1990s, after the implementation of the reforms and opening-up policy in China. The analysis relies on 627 questionnaires collected in Beijing in 2010. The sample was stratified by age and sex, and, based on quotas; it was split into five age groups (18-26 year-olds, 33-41 year-olds, 48-56 year-olds, 63-71 year-olds and 78-86 year-olds). The respondents were questioned on their perception of turning points and socio-historical changes that occurred during their lifetime. After having analysed the data in a comparative perspective, we came to conclusion that the word generation is suitable to describe the young people from Beijing born in the 1980s and early 1990s not only because they do share autobiographical and collective historical memories, but also because these memories have by and large taken place between their adolescence and entry into adulthood (supporting the hypothesis of the existence of a reminiscence bump).
Neo-Aristotelian Confucianism? Applicability of virtue ethics in early Confucian studies
Authors: Silius Vytis 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Since the 80’s of the last century a trend has emerged in the English language literature on Chinese thought that suggests reading early Confucian texts as a form of virtue ethics. However, Alasdair MacIntyre has presented early Confucian and Aristotle’s thoughts as incommensurable thought systems and doubted that notions and statements of one incommensurable thought system can be adequately expressed and addressed within the framework of another. This article discusses MacIntyre’s position and two strategies - employed by the proponents of virtue ethics interpretation of early Confucian texts - of meeting MacIntyre’s challenge. The article attempts to show that none of the responses were successful, thus leaving the quest for the most adequate philosophical framework to interpret early Confucian ethical thought open.
China and Global Financial Governance: Centripetalism, Elevation and Disparity
Authors: Zhang Falin 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In the post-2008 global financial crisis era, the global financial governance system has experienced dramatic changes and a comparatively new network system comes into the fore. Meanwhile, China’s extraordinary performance during the crisis by virtue of its unique political and economic systems urged the elevation of its role in the new system. Against this backdrop, three words are appropriate to describe the new system and China’s role in it in the post-crisis era-centripetalism (rather than centrifugalism), elevation (rather than domination) and disparity (rather than coherence). Centripetalism means that patched global financial governance network system has more force to coordinate states and related international organizations. Elevation refers to a relatively more important role of China in the new system, but, by no means, a dominant (or hegemonic) role. China is an indispensable participant rather than a leading power in global financial governance. Disparity indicates the differed strategies of China in various global financial governance institutions or toward different events.
Confucius and Contemporary Guanxi
Authors: Pilotta Joseph 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The paper will analyse what guanxi is in contemporary China and will also answer the phenomenological question of how guanxi is part of contemporary practices of China as well as the practice of Confucian principles. Both are concerned with ritual, rectitude, responsibility and relationships. Their entanglement shares both a functional and aesthetic time-space movement of the ritual cosmology of doors and their significance.
PROPULSION SYSTEM WITH PNEUMATIC ARTIFICIAL MUSCLES FOR POWERING ANKLE-FOOT ORTHOSIS
Authors: Veneva Ivanka , Vanderborght Bram , Lefeber Dirk , Cherelle Pierre 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present the design of device for control of new propulsion system with pneumatic artificial muscles. The propulsion system can be used for ankle joint articulation, for assisting and rehabilitation in cases of injured ankle-foot complex, stroke patients or elderly with functional weakness. Proposed device for control is composed by microcontroller, generator for muscles contractions and sensor system. The microcontroller receives the control signals from sensors and modulates ankle joint flex- ion and extension during human motion. The local joint control with a PID (Proportional-Integral Derivative) position feedback directly calculates desired pressure levels and dictates the necessary contractions. The main goal is to achieve an adaptation of the system and provide the necessary joint torque using position control with feedback.
THE FIRST BULGARIAN INDUSTRIAL ROBOT “PROBO” 1987
Authors: Tzvetkova Galia V. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The paper presents the first Bulgarian industrial robot “PROBO” build up entirely on elements, tools and human efforts at the former “Precision mechanics” laboratory within the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. The robot was publicly demonstrated at Plovdiv exposition in 1987. The place of the robot in the world timeline is shown. A definition of “robot” is proposed, as well.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF A REAL STIRLING ENGINE CALIBRATED BY EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Vávra Jiří , Červenka Libor , Takáts Michal , Brož Josef 
Published: January 2014

Shrnutí
Článek se zaměřuje na popis termodynamiky reálného Stirlingova motoru pro stacionární výrobu elektrické energie a tepla z obnovitelných zdrojů. Byly zaznamenány úhlově indexované - v závislosti na natočení klikového hřídele záznamy rychle proměnných tlaků ve studeném a horkém válci nad písty a v prostoru pod písty při různém zatížení. Měření byla uskutečněna na vývojové zkušebně výrobce motorů. Tlakové průběhy byly analyzovány pomocí softwarových nástrojů vyvinutých na univerzitě. Článek dále popisuje nástroje pro analýzu experimentálních dat, které byly využity pro kalibraci detailního 1-D termodynamického modelu motoru vyvinutého na univerzitě s využitím komerční ho kódu GT-Power. Model bude využit pro optimalizace konstrukce motoru.
ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AS A FIRST STEP IN THE EVALUATION OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES PROVIDED BY LOTIC ECOSYSTEMS
Authors: Farcaş Adina Nicoleta , Curtean-Bănăduc Angela , Kifor Claudiu Vasile 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
The ecosystems offer to the socio-economic system a series of goods and services derived from their processes and biodiversity. Ecosystem services offered by a river are at their highest potential when the river status is close to the natural one. Once the river is affected by human impact due to resources exploitation, hydro technical works, water abstraction or improper land use, the ecological status declines and the ecosystem services become scarce. This is why an ecological assessment is necessary in order to establish the connection between the ecosystem services and the human impact. In this paper, the ecological assessment of Timiș River was done, allowing the classification of the river in four sectors with different ecological statuses, associated with the various human impacts that differently affect the quality of the water, the riverbed and the flooding area.
CAN HELICICULTURE ACT AS A TOOL FOR EDIBLE LAND SNAILS’ NATURAL POPULATIONS’ MANAGEMENT IN ROMANIA?
Authors: Gheoca Voichita 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
Edible land snails are intensively exploited and the management of natural populations is a complex issue due the variety of factors involved. Two species of the genus Helix are present in our country, Helix pomatia and Helix lucorum, both of them collected since 1956. Although current legislation regulates the exploited amount and the dimension of collected snails, the exploitable amount is not assessed using appropriate ecological studies. The farming of edible snails has evolved in Romania especially during the period 2004-2008, the first farms being financed by the SAPARD Project. The inappropriate documentation on the matter of snail farming had lead to a quick failure of this practice in Romania. It is unlikely that snail farming will replace collection on short or medium term, but obtaining reasonable quantities of snails in snail farms could help to reduce their exploitation in nature to an acceptable level and keep a sustainable exploitation
DEVELOPING AN ECOLOGICAL AND MIGRATION SYSTEM FOR ICHTHYOFAUNA ON THE CRIŞUL REPEDE RIVER NEAR THE CITY HALL OF ORADEA
Authors: Kay Eric L , Voicu Răzvan 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
proposes a technical solution to facilitate fish migration upstream the weir located on Crişul Repede River, near the Ferdinand Bridge from the Oradea Town.
The proposed solution provides building of a system to facilitate fish migration, placed on the left bank of Crişul Repede, meant to restore the longitudinal connectivity of Crişul Repede River in front of the Ferdinand Bridge weir and to facilitate the access of the migratory fish species to upstream breeding habitats.
The proposed migration system are based on the gravitational fall of water and will lead to the restoration of the longitudinal connection of the Crişul Repede River near the weir selected as case study, and will reconnect a habitat with a length of approximately 4 km, that will contribute to insuring of optimal conditions for developing migratory fish species present in the area
IDENTIFICATION OF DRIVING FORCES FOR THE RECOGNITION PROCESSES ON MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMERS
Authors: Denderz Natalia , Lehotay Jozef 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In this paper the thermodynamic analyses were used to calculate the contributions of entropic and enthalpic terms of the binding processes of selected derivatives of alkoxy-substituted phenylcarbamic acid (MEP) and phenolic acids (PAs) on the series of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and corresponding non-imprinted polymers (NIPs). All polymers were prepared by a bulk polymerization method with different porogens and functional monomers. The thermodynamic assessments were based on the quantification by HPLC measurements of the analytes tested in different mobile phases and at temperature range from 293 K to 333 K. The thermodynamic parameters were determined from the van’t Hoff plots - dependences between logarithms of the retention factors of studied analytes (ln k) and the inverse value of the temperature (1/T). Almost all data showed that enthalpic term was the dominating driving force for the investigated analytes.
POSSIBILITY OF THE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF EUROPIUM BY MEANS OF ARSENAZO III
Authors: Uhrovčík Jozef , Gyeváthová Monika , Lesný Juraj 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The concentration of Eu(III) cations in model aqueous solutions can be quantified by means of Arsenazo III reagent. Absorbance of the solution was measured at the wavelength λmax = 655 nm. Molar absorptivity reached the value ε655 = 5.5±0.2 · 104 cm-1 mol-1 · dm3. Beer's law was obeyed in the range from 0 to 2 mg · dm-3 Eu(III). The value of limit of detection was established by application of 3σ approach and reached the value of 20.9 μg · dm-3. Repeatability of analysis expressed by relative standard deviation does not exceed the value of ± 8% and apparent recovery lay in acceptable range from 91 to 106 %. Stoichiometry between Eu(III) and Arsenazo III in media of relevant solution was 1:1. The absorbance of the solutions within the linear range of the proposed method maintained a constant value for 60 minutes. Described procedure can be utilized to determination of Eu(III) concentration in real samples, but it is necessary eliminate interfering ions. Cations like La(III), Sm(III), Th(IV), U(VI) and complexing agent EDTA cause significant error at the determination of Eu(III) in model solution. Presented spectrophotometric method could be applied for the determination of europium in the minerals and water samples, however after a suitable separation and preconcentration of target analyte.