bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating effect of environmental contaminants on women's subfecundity for the MoBa study data with an outcome-dependent sampling scheme
Authors: Ding Jieli , Zhou Haibo , Liu Yanyan , Cai Jianwen , Longnecker Matthew P. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractMotivated by the need from our on-going environmental study in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort (MoBa) study, we consider an outcome-dependent sampling (ODS) scheme for failure-time data with censoring. Like the case-cohort design, the ODS design enriches the observed sample by selectively including certain failure subjects. We present an estimated maximum semiparametric empirical likelihood estimation (EMSELE) under the proportional hazards model framework. The asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator were derived. Simulation studies were conducted to evaluate the small-sample performance of our proposed method. Our analyses show that the proposed estimator and design is more efficient than the current default approach and other competing approaches. Applying the proposed approach with the data set from the MoBa study, we found a significant effect of an environmental contaminant on fecundability.
Finance and the Preservation of Wealth
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Authors: Gennaioli Nicola , Shleifer Andrei , Vishny Robert 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
We introduce the model of asset management developed in Gennaioli, Shleifer, and Vishny (“Money Doctors,” Journal of Finance , forthcoming 2015) into a Solow-style neoclassical growth model with diminishing returns to capital. Savers rely on trusted intermediaries to manage their wealth (claims on capital stock), who can charge fees above costs to trusting investors. In this model, the ratio of financial income to GDP increases with the ratio of aggregate wealth to GDP. Both rise along the convergence path to steady state growth. We examine several further implications of the model for management fees, unit costs of finance, and the consequences of shocks to trust and to the capital stock.
The Putative E3 Ubiquitin Ligase ECERIFERUM9 Regulates Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis and Response during Seed Germination and Postgermination Growth in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhao Huayan , Zhang Huoming , Cui Peng , Ding Feng , Wang Guangchao , Li Rongjun , Jenks Matthew A. , Lü Shiyou , Xiong Liming 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The ECERIFERUM9 (CER9) gene encodes a putative E3 ubiquitin ligase that functions in cuticle biosynthesis and the maintenance of plant water status. Here, we found that CER9 is also involved in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in seeds and young seedlings of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The germinated embryos of the mutants exhibited enhanced sensitivity to ABA during the transition from reversible dormancy to determinate seedling growth. Expression of the CER9 gene is closely related to ABA levels and displays a similar pattern to that of ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5), which encodes a positive regulator of ABA responses in seeds. cer9 mutant seeds exhibited delayed germination that is independent of seed coat permeability. Quantitative proteomic analyses showed that cer9 seeds had a protein profile similar to that of the wild type treated with ABA. Transcriptomics analyses revealed that genes involved in ABA biosynthesis or signaling pathways were differentially regulated in cer9 seeds. Consistent with this, high levels of ABA were detected in dry seeds of cer9. Blocking ABA biosynthesis by fluridone treatment or by combining an ABA-deficient mutation with cer9 attenuated the phenotypes of cer9. Whereas introduction of the abi1-1, abi3-1, or abi4-103 mutation could completely eliminate the ABA hypersensitivity of cer9, introduction of abi5 resulted only in partial suppression. These results indicate that CER9 is a novel negative regulator of ABA biosynthesis and the ABA signaling pathway during seed germination.
Biases in the classification of Welsh art material
Authors: Ragaller Irene , Rafferty Pauline 
Published: May 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to explore some of the biases that affect the classification of Welsh art materials and to examine how they are being perpetuated both in library classification systems and beyond.Design/methodology/approachA discourse analysis, in the loosest sense, was used to explore the research topic. Using a hermeneutic and interpretative approach facilitated an examination of some of the tacit assumptions and conceptions that shape the way in which Welsh art is spoken about, thought about, and generally represented.FindingsThe paper explores biases in the classification of Welsh art in relation to the analytical categories of dispersion, dilettantism, and depreciation. Evidence is drawn from three examples of discursive practice: the application of Library of Congress subject headings in the library in Howard Gardens; the Salisbury Collection classification scheme at Cardiff University; and the descriptive text taken from the web site of the National Museum, Cardiff. The paper concludes with a discussion of the nature of classification, and the role of the information professional as active player in the practice of representation in and through various methods of classification.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature of classification bias. The focus on the specific rather than the more general biases both adds to Olsen and Schlegl's work and reflects a sensitivity to the subject matter itself. The paper also contributes to the literature at a methodological level in its use of a hermeneutic and interpretative analytical framework to explore representation in classification.
Analysis of noise in aircraft cabins through the VHF channel
Authors: Rady de Almeida Junior Jorge , Andreia Rossi Magali , Corrêa Mário , Ramirez‐Fernandez Javier Francisco , Carlos Poli Vicente , José de Menezes Genivaldo 
Published: May 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a method to analyze the noise in aircraft cabins through the VHF Aeronautical Communication Channel, aimed at examining an environment that has the possibility of communication problems between the aircraft crew and the professionals responsible for the controls on land.Design/methodology/approachThis analysis includes equipment normally used for identification and comparison of electromagnetic noise, the cabin and the environment that are present in an airport, as well as equipment for frequency analysis and intensity of those signals. The analysis is done in a reverse way, eliminating situations that are not common in the examined environment, until the identification of the situation with the irregularity.FindingsAccording to the results, the implementation of the Fourier transform for noise analysis in the cabin was efficient. These results demonstrate that through this transformation, the noise sources can be identified in the environments in cases where there is much spectrum pollution.Research limitations/implicationsThis kind of noise analysis is important, considering the importance of having good accuracy in airport environment analysis.Originality/valueThe paper presents the main trends in the future of aviation communications, and describes the new applications that aim to minimize problems with the current VHF channel.
Automated generation of aerofoil characteristics for rotorcraft application
Authors: Anh Vu Ngoc , Lee Jae‐Woo , Kim Sangho , Neufeld Daniel 
Published: May 2014

PurposeRotor performance analysis and design are complex due to the wide variation in flow characteristics. Design tools that can rapidly and accurately compute aerofoil data are needed for rotorcraft design and analysis purposes. The purpose of this paper is to describe a process which has been developed that effectively automates the generation of two‐dimensional (2D) aerofoil characteristics tables.Design/methodology/approachThe process associates a number of commercial software packages and in‐house codes that employ diverse methodologies, including the Navier‐Stokes equation‐solving method, the high‐order panel method and Euler equations solved with the fully coupled viscous‐inviscid interaction (VII) method. The paper describes the development of a general automated generation method that extends from aerofoil shape generation to aerofoil characteristic analysis. The generated data are stored in C81 aerofoil characteristics tables for use in comprehensive rotorcraft analysis codes and rotor blade design. In addition, the methodology could be easily applied for fixed‐wing analysis and design, especially for transonic aircraft.FindingsThe method is demonstrated to achieve aerofoil characteristics quickly and accurately in automated process. Calculations for the SC1095 aerofoil section are presented and compared with existing experimental C81 data and previous studies.Practical implicationsThe development of C81 tables is of interest to industry as they seek to update their airfoil tables as new designs. Automated processes to achieve this are helpful and applicable.Originality/valueThe paper presents an effective automated process to generate aerofoil characteristics tables quickly, and accurately.
Robust performance optimization of dual thrust rocket motor
Authors: Aamir Raza Muhammad , Liang Wang 
Published: May 2014

PurposeDuring any design phase, the associated process variations and uncertainties can cause the design to deviate from its expected performance. The purpose of this paper is to propose a robust design optimization (RDO) strategy for the 3D grain design of a dual thrust solid rocket motor (DTRM) under uncertainties in design parameters.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology consists of design of 3D complex grain geometry and hybrid optimization approach through genetic algorithm, globally and simulated annealing, locally considering the uncertainties in design parameters. The robustness of optimized data is measured for a worst case parameter deviation using sensitivity analysis through stochastic Monte Carlo simulation considering variance of design parameters mean.FindingsThe important achievement that can be associated with this methodology is its ability also to evaluate and optimize the propulsion system performance in a complex scenario of intricate 3D geometry under uncertainty. The study shows the objective function to maximize the average thrust in dual levels could be achieved by the proposed optimization technique while satisfying constraints conditions. Also, this technique proved to be a great help in reducing the design space for optimization and increasing the computational quality.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to address the dual thrust solid rocket motor grain design under uncertainties using robust design and hybrid optimization approach.
Model analysis and experimental technique on computing accuracy of seam spatial position information based on stereo vision for welding robot
Authors: Chen Xi‐Zhang , Huang Yu‐Ming , Chen Shan‐ben 
Published: May 2014

PurposeStereo vision technique simulates the function of the human eyes to observe the world, which can be used to compute the spatial information of weld seam in the robot welding field. It is a typical kind of application to fix two cameras on the end effector of robot when stereo vision is used in intelligent robot welding. In order to analyse the effect of vision system configuration on vision computing, an accuracy analysis model of vision computing is constructed, which is a good guide for the construction and application of stereo vision system in welding robot field.Design/methodology/approachA typical stereo vision system fixed on welding robot is designed and constructed to compute the position information of spatial seam. A simplified error analysis model of the two arbitrary putting cameras is built to analyze the effect of sensors' structural parameter on vision computing accuracy. The methodology of model analysis and experimental verification are used in the research. And experiments related with image extraction, robot movement accuracy is also designed to analyze the effect of equipment accuracy and related processed procedure in vision technology.FindingsEffect of repeatability positioning accuracy and TCP calibration error of welding robot for visual computing are also analyzed and tested. The results show that effect of the repeatability on computing accuracy is not bigger than 0.3 mm. However, TCP affected the computing accuracy greatly, when the calibrated error of TCP is bigger than 0.5, the re‐calibration is very necessary. The accuracy analysis and experimental technique in this paper can guide the research of three‐dimensional information computing by stereo vision and improve the computed accuracy.Originality/valueThe accuracy of seam position information is affected by many interactional factors, the systematic experiments and a simplified error analysis model are designed and established, the main factors such as the sensor's configurable parameters, the accuracy of arc welding robot and the accuracy of image recognition, are included in the model and experiments. The model and experimental method are significant for design of visual sensor and improvement of computing accuracy.
Prediction of industrial, biophysical and extreme geophysical flows using particle methods
Authors: Cleary Paul W. , Cohen Raymond C.Z. , Harrison Simon M. , Sinnott Matthew D. , Prakash Mahesh , Mead Stuart 
Published: May 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how simulation of the flow of particulates and fluids using discrete element modelling (DEM) and smoothed particle dynamics (SPH) particle methods, offer opportunities for better understanding the dynamics of flow processes.Design/methodology/approachDEM and SPH methods are demonstrated in a broad range of computationally‐demanding applications including comminution, biomedical, geophysical extreme flow events (risk/disaster modelling), eating of food by humans and elite water‐based sports.FindingsDEM is ideally suited to predicting industrial and geophysical applications where collisions between particles are the dominant physics. SPH is highly suited to multi‐physics fluid flow applications in industrial, biophysical and geophysical applications. The advantages and disadvantages of these particle methods are discussed.Research limitations/implicationsResearch results are limited by the numerical resolution that can currently be afforded.Practical implicationsThe paper demonstrates the use of particle‐based computational methods in a series of high value applications. Enterprises that share interests in these applications will benefit in their product and service development by adopting these methods.Social implicationsThe ability to model disasters provides governments and companies with the opportunity and obligation to use these to render knowable disasters which were previously considered unknowable. The ability to predict the breakdown of food during eating opens up opportunities for the design of superior performing foods with lower salt, sugar and fat that can directly contribute to improved health outcomes and can influence government food regulatory policy.Originality/valueThe paper extends the scale and range of modelling of particle methods for demanding leading‐edge problems, of practical interest in engineering and applied sciences.
Seeing organisations: epistemological considerations
Authors: Espejo Raul 
Published: May 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to offer an incursion into the complexity of organisations. This paper distinguishes a collective in its surroundings, an organisation in its medium and an organisation in its environment and proposes these distinctions as complementary epistemologies that help when studying organisations.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper, supported by two case studies, that makes use of ideas of organisational cybernetics, autopoiesis and organisational ecology.FindingsBeyond the more common black box observation of organisations that helps account for the transformations of inputs into outputs, this paper argues for the accounting of the relationships producing an organisation. This latter approach highlights the need to account for the complexity of communications between autonomous systems with different cognitive capabilities.Originality/valueThe complementary epistemologies offered in this paper offer an emerging paradigm to understand ecologies of enterprises and other organizational forms.
A dynamic traffic allocation model of voice over internet protocol and public switched telephone network
Authors: Lau William , Pandya Pramod , Sherif Joseph S. 
Published: May 2014

PurposeCorporations with multiple national and international sites rely on telecommunication services such as public switched telephone network (PSTN) to deal with their customers and with vendors. Over the last few years, the cost of using PSTN for telecommunication has increased, thus adding considerable cost to business. The infrastructure of the internet is well placed now, and the continued growth of information technologies have made it cost effective to route voice calls over the internet, known as voice over internet protocol (VoIP). The purpose of this paper is to advance research, strategies and a predictive decision model that analyzes the cost of routing voice‐based traffic either via VoIP network or PSTN. This predictive decision model is based on the beta‐binomial distribution, and it computes the cost differential in tariff with respect to choice of routing the voice traffic between the VoIP network and the PSTN.Design/methodology/approachA call supported by the PSTN involves the establishment of an end‐to‐end circuit that is maintained for the duration of the call. A call supported by VoIP technology, by contrast, involves the transmission of many individual packets over an IP network. The cost of a VoIP call thus depends in part on the number and size of the packets that must be transmitted, i.e. the bandwidth required.FindingsGreat savings are realized when optimal number of calls would be routed through CCS vendors, as determined by the VoIP allocation model. The available bandwidth on the internet is capable of supporting VoIP at much cheaper rate than the expensive PSTN. Business could still buy into PSTN service if they require secured telecommunication services.Originality/valueThe paper tackles one of the most critical problems of minimizing the burden and costs of telecommunications by PSTN and VoIP.
Using orthonormal wavelet basis in Petrov‐Galerkin method for solving Fredholm integral equations of the second kind
Authors: Rabbani Mohsen , Maleknejad Khosrow 
Published: May 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain the choice of Alpert multi‐wavelet as basis functions to discrete Fredholm integral equation of the second kind by using Petrov‐Galerkin method.Design/methodology/approachIn this process, two kinds of matrices are obtained from inner product between basis of test space and trial space; some of them are diagonal with positive elements and some others are invertible. These matrices depend on type of selection of test and trial space basis.FindingsIn this process, solution of Fredholm integral equation of the second kind is found by solving the generated system of linear equations.Originality/valueIn previous work, convergence of Petrov‐Galerkin method has been discussed with some restrictions on degrees of chosen polynomial basis, but in this paper convergence is obtained for every degree. In point of computation, because of appearance of diagonal and invertible matrices, a small dimension system with a more accurate solution is obtained. The numerical examples illustrate these facts.
An efficient method for solving system of Volterra integral equations
Authors: Nouri Kazem 
Published: May 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss a numerical method for solving system of Volterra integral equations.Design/methodology/approachAn expansion method known as Chebyshev collocation method is chosen to convert the system of integral equations to the linear algebraic system of equations, so by solving the linear algebraic system an approximate solution is concluded.FindingsSome numerical results support the accuracy and efficiency of the stated method.Originality/valueThe paper presents a method for solving first and second kind system of integral equations.
Professional development 2.0 for librarians: developing an online personal learning network (PLN)
Authors: Cooke Nicole A. 
Published: May 2014

PurposeThe field of librarianship is ever expanding and changing, from exploding internet and media technologies, to ever diverse patron groups with increasingly complex information needs. Library professionals need to be as savvy as the clients they serve, and the most productive and effective way for librarians to keep up with these changes is to seek out professional development opportunities. Librarians owe it to their clients and to themselves as competent professionals, to remain abreast of trends and developments in the field. The purpose of this paper is to address the changing landscape of the library profession, including the changing nature of library and information science education, and to exemplify the importance and necessity of continuing professional development for librarians, the newest manifestation of which is online professional development through Web 2.0 tools and social media technologies.Design/methodology/approachSpecifically, using such technologies enables library professionals to develop an online personal learning network (PLN).FindingsPLNs are beneficial because they are so customizable to an individual's work and research interests and time constraints, and they facilitate global learning and collaboration opportunities that may not otherwise be feasible. In times of financial difficulty, more traditional professional development opportunities requiring travel and funding are often prohibitive; PLNs enable continuous and affordable professional development opportunities that will benefit librarians and their institutions.Originality/valueThe paper discusses the newest technologies and opportunities and how their attendant considerations and concerns apply to library professions; also the best ways in which to deliver content and instruct future library professionals.
Library automation with Koha
Authors: Egunjobi R.A. , Awoyemi R.A. 
Published: May 2014

PurposeLibraries in Nigeria have had to face several challenges and constraints in the development of library automation systems. These challenges include poor information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure, poor funding, and poor ICT skills among library staff, as well as choosing appropriate software solutions. The introduction of open source software such as Koha is therefore a positive revolution in Libraries across Nigeria. The purpose of this paper is to make a strong case for the adoption of open source software in various libraries and information centres.Design/methodology/approachThis paper discusses Adeyemi College of Education Library automation processes using the Koha Library Management Software. It highlights the strategy adopted, major automation areas, and various factors to be considered by librarians when developing automation processes for their libraries.FindingsThis paper shows that automation can improve the library's relevance to the academic community. It further reveals that library staff enjoy working in an automated environment and the patrons enjoy services rendered using an OPAC instead of a card catalogue.Practical implicationsLibrary automation will address the problem of manual processing of materials. It will further mean less drudgery, easy generation of records, space conservation, improvement of information services, and easy retrievals.Originality/valueThe major obstacle to library automation in Nigeria has been poor funding. This paper is an eye opener. Libraries now have the opportunities to use open source software instead of waiting to acquire software that costs so much and may discourage management from granting the request.