bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuromuscular control of hovering wingbeat kinematics in response to distinct flight challenges in the ruby-throated hummingbird (Archilochus colubris)
Authors: Mahalingam Sajeni , Welch Kenneth C. 
Published: August 2013

Summary
While producing one of the highest sustained mass-specific power outputs of any vertebrate, hovering hummingbirds must also precisely modulate the activity of their primary flight muscles to vary wingbeat kinematics and modulate lift production. While recent studies have begun to explore how pectoralis (the primary downstroke muscle) neuromuscular activation and wingbeat kinematics are linked in hummingbirds, it is unclear if different species modulate these features in similar ways, or consistently in response to distinct flight challenges. In addition, little is known about how the antagonist, the supracoracoideus, is modulated to power the symmetrical hovering upstroke. We obtained simultaneous recordings of wingbeat kinematics and electromyograms (EMGs) from the pectoralis and supracoracoideus in ruby-throated hummingbirds (Archilochus colubris) while hovering under the following conditions 1) ambient air 2) air density reduction trials 3) submaximal load lifting trials and 4) maximal load lifting trials. Increased power output was achieved through increased stroke amplitude during both treatments, but wingbeat frequency only increased at low air densities. Overall, relative EMG intensity was the best predictor of stroke amplitude and is correlated with angular velocity of the wingtip. The relationship between muscle activation intensity and kinematics was independent of treatment type, indicating reduced drag on the wings in hypodense air did not lead to high wingtip angular velocities independently of increased muscle work. EMG bursts consistently began and ended before muscle shortening under all conditions. During all sustained hovering spike number per burst consistently averaged 1.2 in the pectoralis and 2.0 in the supracoracoideus. The number of spikes increased to 2.5-3 in both muscles during maximal load lifting trials. Despite the relative kinematic symmetry of the hovering downstroke and upstroke, the supracoracoideus was activated ~1 ms earlier, EMG bursts were longer (~0.9 ms), and exhibited 1.6 times as many spikes per burst. We hypothesize that earlier and more sustained activation of the supracoracoideus fibers is necessary to offset greater compliance resulting from the presence of the supracoracoid tendon.
Research of Interaction of Landslide Soil with Protective Constructions of Support of Platforms
Authors: Маций Сергей , Maciy Sergey , Лейер Дарья 
Published: August 2013

Designing protective structures for trestle bents from deformations caused by landslides faces the problem of proper place-
ment of pile elements. For developing effective landslide barriers for every single trestle bent, the calculation scheme is being proposed. It simulates interaction between landslide soil and the piles of straight line protective structure. Calculation scheme carried out using finite-elements method with geotechnical software Plaxis. In the process of analyzing the interaction between landslide’s loamy soil (with low strength characteristics) and single protective structure some of the most distinctive relationships were estimated: graphical characte­ristics of soil deformation in dependence from pile space and loa­ded force and also relationships between limited soil displacement as well as landslide pressure and structure’s configuration. The achieved results were compared with the ones from laboratory testing. Effective placement of pile elements in single protective structures was estimated on the basis of complex analyzing.
MYD88 L265P Somatic Mutation
Authors: Ondrejka Sarah L. , Lin Jeffrey J. , Warden Doug W. , Durkin Lisa , Cook James R. , Hsi Eric D. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Objectives:
To examine the usefulness of the MYD88 L265P somatic mutation in identifying cases of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) from other lymphoplasmacytic neoplasms in bone marrow biopsy specimens.

Methods:
We studied 64 bone marrow biopsy specimens with involvement by various small B-cell lymphomas or plasma cell myeloma.

Results:
The MYD88 L265P somatic mutation was present in 13/13 cases of LPL, 1/13 cases of hairy cell leukemia, and absent in the other mature B-cell neoplasms tested. A test set of diagnostically challenging bone marrow cases with lymphoplasmacytoid morphology (B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified) was selected for additional review and reclassified, without knowledge of the MYD88 L265P status. Of those 16 cases, 7 were positive for MYD88, including 4/4 cases that were reclassified as LPL during the review.

Conclusions:
Although not entirely specific, MYD88 L265P is a useful adjunct for bone marrow diagnosis in separating LPL from other small B-cell lymphomas and plasma cell myeloma.
B-Cell Transcription Factor Expression and Immunoglobulin Gene Rearrangement Frequency in Acute Myeloid Leukemia With t(8;21)(q22;q22)
Authors: Johnson Ryan C. , Ma Lisa , Cherry Athena M. , Arber Daniel A. , George Tracy I. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Objectives:
To assess a large series of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) for both IGH@ and IGK@ B-cell gene rearrangements and for expression of PAX5, OCT2, and Bob.1 by immunohistochemistry and expression of CD19, CD79a, CD20, and CD22 by flow cytometry immunophenotyping.

Methods:
A total of 48 cases of AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and/or heavy chain and light chain immunoglobulin rearrangement studies where paraffin-embedded and/or fresh frozen material was available for study; previously performed flow cytometry studies were also reviewed in available cases.

Results:
Our study yielded 1 of 19 cases of AML with t(8;21) with an IGH@ gene rearrangement; blasts were associated with weak PAX5 expression. In addition, expression of antigens CD79a by flow cytometry and OCT2 by immunohistochemistry were highly associated with PAX5 expression, and CD19 was expressed in most cases assessed.

Conclusions:
Although B-cell antigen and B-cell transcription factor expression is seen in the majority of AMLs with t(8;21)(q22;q22) and correlates with PAX5 expression, immunoglobulin gene rearrangements are an uncommon event in this group of leukemias.
Analysis of Cutaneous Lymphomas in a Medical Center in Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Bittencourt Achiléa L. , Oliveira Pedro D. , Andrade Agnes C. , Santos Tamara C. , Oliveira Rodrigo F. , Farré Lourdes , Araujo Iguaracyra 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Objectives:
To evaluate the frequency of the different types of cutaneous lymphoma (CL) in 1 university hospital in Brazil and compare this frequency with those observed in other countries.

Methods:
After review, 72 (84.7%) cases of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and 13 (15.3%) cases of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (CBCL) were included.

Results:
Of the CTCLs, 40.3% were mycosis fungoides (MF); 26.4% were adult T-cell leukemias/lymphomas (ATLs); 23.6% were peripheral T-cell lymphomas, unspecified; and 8.3% were anaplastic large cell lymphomas. Of the MF cases, 17.2% progressed to transformed MF. Five-year survival for primary human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1–negative CTCL, ATL, and CBCL was 64.0%, 42.1%, and 62.5%, respectively. MF and ATL were the most frequent primary CTCLs.

Conclusions:
The frequencies observed here are close to those observed in Peru but different from those of European countries. Unfortunately, the World Health Organization/ European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer classification does not include primary cutaneous ATL.
The Semantics of Partitive Constructions The definite vs. indefinite contrast in Italian and Latin
Authors: Casadio Claudia 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis paper investigates the semantic properties of partitive constructions in Italian and Latin. Two basic realizations of partitivity are discussed, depending on the way the partition operation is performed on noun phrase denotations, that is, depending on the characterization of the part-whole relation: they will be called
Semantic Roles within a Contrastive Grammar of Latin and German
Authors: Kienpointner Manfred 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThis paper deals with the problem of defining and describing semantic roles. Methodologically, I follow Coseriu (1987), who argues for a sharp distinction between language-independent reference roles and language-specific semantic roles and criticizes earlier approaches which do not make this distinction. Recent contributions to the problem of defining and describing semantic roles or functions within Generative Grammar (Jackendoff 1991) and Functional Grammar (Dik 1997) differ from earlier approaches in that they try to take this distinction into account However, some problems remain. When we have to deal with syntactic and semantic contrasts between languages such as Latin and German, these contrasts cannot adequately be described with the help of language-independent theta-roles or semantic functions. Therefore, it seems preferable to adopt Coseriu's strategy of describing the expression of reference roles like 'Possessor' in Latin and German as a set of contrasting contextual meanings of cases, syntactic functions and constructions. Contrastive data show that the relevant constructions in Latin and German differ widely both as far as their number and their functional properties are concerned.
Word length and clitics in Latin
Authors: Babič Matjaz 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThis paper presents a possible approach to research on Latin clitics that is based mostly on statistic observations. The research was performed by observations on frequencies of different word lengths in various Latin texts. The results show a quantitative predominance of shorter words in Latin texts of more colloquial nature. They also demonstrate that shorter words in Latin have a predominantly grammatical function.
Corrélation
Authors: Touratier Christian 
Published: August 2013

SummaryWe call correlation two different syntactic structures: First, when a subordinate clause is followed by a main clause beginning with a grammatical constituent of the same meaning as the subordinating conjunction. Then when a syntactic structure consists of two parallel clauses none of which seems to contain a subordinating morpheme, but both of which begin with a grammatical constituent of the same meaning. The first structure is a particular case of Subordination, the second is a particular case of juxtaposition, i. e. of coordination without a coordinating conjunction. Nevertheless both structures share a syntagmatic feature and an informative one.
Bemerkungen zum Gebrauch von Präpositionen im klassischen Latein
Authors: Weische Alfons 
Published: August 2013

SummaryBy prepositions people can more precisely describe complex relations of persons and things than by means of pure cases. Precision was especially necessary in Roman society in the last decades of the Republic, when the economy and jurisprudence flourished. As a response to these growing demands, certain anonymous speakers created an elaborate system of prepositions in the common language. Through this way of giving information the already-existing tendency to pronounce the endings of cases in a lax manner became less troublesome. In relation to modern developments of common language Cicero and Caesar exercised restraint, following their ideal of
De quelques emplois de copia chez Plaute
Authors: Crampon Monique 
Published: August 2013

SummaryAmong the terms which mean “help” in Plautus’ corpus, copia occupies a characteristic place and can be understood either as a metonymy - when the servus callidus is called help - or as a metaphor - when the same slave is assimilated to the goddess Copia, who may have been worshipped in Rome -. These occurrences of Copia, which are always observed at very specific times in the plays, either at the beginning or at the end of a scene, are often emphasized by stylistic features such as sound effects, a picturesque style or puns on words. Moreover, such sentences, articulated on the word copia con- tribute to the “animation of inanimate things” which is so typical of Plautus’ art.
Cicero and the Art of Translation
Authors: Kopeczky Rita 
Published: August 2013

SummaryCicero makes it plain in his remarks on translation that he holds lexical operations as an acceptable way of procedure for a competent translator (contrary to interpretes indiserti). This is supported by the methodological analysis of his translations. Comparing a prose translation and a poetical one, we can show the relative frequency of different lexical operations in their connection with the requirements of the genres, and with the predilections of the translator as well. We can find that these are used not only when the systemic differences between source and target language make them necessary, but they also become a means of aemulatio with the source text, which, by Cicero’s age, had become an essential component of artistic translation.
Los capitulos como unidades textuales. Enunciados temáticos + quippe en Veleyo Patérculo, H.R. 2.1-57
Authors: Castellanos Antonio Ruit 
Published: August 2013

SummaryThis study stays at the crossroads of Rhetoric, Text Grammar and Textual Critic. It studies the division of chapters (made firstly by Gruter in 1607) of the Roman History (Historic Romwia: H.R.) of Velleius Paterculus: the old Rhetoric text types, the opening and closing marks, the characters and personages and the thematic sentences as cohesive devices. These thematic sentences are used as introductions of chapter, and they are followed by confirmatives with quippe and with demonstrative relatives. They constitute a mark similar to the propositions of the argumentative texts, with special syntactic characteristics in the text of Velleius. The studied corpus are the first 57 chapters of the second book of the Historia Romana.
XML e lo studio dei manoscritti. Linee di orientamento e un esempio di applicazione
Authors: Milanese Guido 
Published: August 2013

AbstractLa diffusione dell'uso di XML è senza dubbio uno dei fenomeni più interessanti nel trattamento dell'informazione che si sia riscontrato negli ultimi anni. Nato alla fine degli anni '90 come successore di SGML, XML rappresenta oggi una realtà in notevolissimo sviluppo, anche se non è riuscito a "colonizzare" il Web come ci si sarebbe aspettati: il Web rimane ancora largamente terreno popolato da pagine HTML scritte in modo approssimativo e che rendono molto diffìcile il raggiungimento e la gestione della conoscenza. Dopo una illustrazione essenziale della struttura fondamentale di XML, questo articolo si propone di illustrare le potenzialità offerte da XML alla catalogazione dei manoscritti e in generale allo studio paleografico, fornendo un esempio tratto da un lavoro recentemente pubblicato, seguendone lo sviluppo completo dalla progettazione di uno schema descrittivo sino alla realizzazione dell'output grafico.
Syntheses, structures, and characterization of two new rubidium cadmium(II)/zinc(II) borates: Rb3MB5O10 (M = Cd, Zn)
Authors: Yu Hongwei , Wu Hongping , Pan Shilie , Dong Lingyun , Han Shujun , Jiao Anqing , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractTwo new ternary borates, Rb
The Impact of Emotional, Physical, and Sexual Abuse on Contraceptive Method Selection and Discontinuation
Authors: Allsworth Jenifer E. , M. Secura Gina , Zhao Qiuhong , Madden Tessa , Peipert Jeffrey F. 
Published: August 2013

Objectives. We evaluated the impact of exposure to emotional, physical, or sexual abuse on contraceptive method selection and discontinuation. Methods. We performed a secondary analysis of 7170 women enrolled in the Contraceptive CHOICE Project in St. Louis, Missouri, a prospective cohort study in which 9256 women were provided their preferred method of contraception at no cost from 2007 to 2011. We defined contraceptive discontinuation as device removal or nonuse for at least 4 weeks within the first 12 months after initiation. Results. One third of women experienced some abuse in their lifetimes. Women with an abuse history were as likely as those without to select a long-acting reversible contraceptive method and more likely to choose a contraceptive injection, the patch, or the ring. When we compared women who were abused to those who were not, rates of discontinuation at 12 months were higher among women who selected long-acting reversible contraception (17% vs 14%; P = .04) and significantly higher among women who selected non–long-acting methods (56% vs 47%; P < .001). Type of abuse did not alter the association between abuse and contraceptive continuation. Conclusions. Previous experiences of abuse are associated with both contraceptive method selection and continuation.
Prevalence of Gender Identity Disorder and Suicide Risk Among Transgender Veterans Utilizing Veterans Health Administration Care
Authors: Blosnich John R. , Brown George R. , Shipherd, PhD Jillian C. , Kauth Michael , Piegari Rebecca I. , Bossarte Robert M. 
Published: August 2013

Objectives. We estimated the prevalence and incidence of gender identity disorder (GID) diagnoses among veterans in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) health care system and examined suicide risk among veterans with a GID diagnosis. Methods. We examined VHA electronic medical records from 2000 through 2011 for 2 official ICD-9 diagnosis codes that indicate transgender status. We generated annual period prevalence estimates and calculated incidence using the prevalence of GID at 2000 as the baseline year. We cross-referenced GID cases with available data (2009–2011) of suicide-related events among all VHA users to examine suicide risk. Results. GID prevalence in the VHA is higher (22.9/100 000 persons) than are previous estimates of GID in the general US population (4.3/100 000 persons). The rate of suicide-related events among GID-diagnosed VHA veterans was more than 20 times higher than were rates for the general VHA population. Conclusions. The prevalence of GID diagnosis nearly doubled over 10 years among VHA veterans. Research is needed to examine suicide risk among transgender veterans and how their VHA utilization may be enhanced by new VA initiatives on transgender care.
Bioimpedance-Guided Fluid Management in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Moissl Ulrich , Arias-Guillén Marta , Wabel Peter , Fontseré Néstor , Carrera Montserrat , Campistol José Maria , Maduell Francisco 
Published: August 2013

Summary

Background and objectives
Achieving and maintaining optimal fluid status remains a major challenge in hemodialysis therapy. The aim of this interventional study was to assess the feasibility and clinical consequences of active fluid management guided by bioimpedance spectroscopy in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Fluid status was optimized prospectively in 55 chronic hemodialysis patients over 3 months (November 2011 to February 2012). Predialysis fluid overload was measured weekly using the Fresenius Body Composition Monitor. Time-averaged fluid overload was calculated as the average between pre- and postdialysis fluid overload. The study aimed to bring the time-averaged fluid overload of all patients into a target range of 0.5±0.75 L within the first month and maintain optimal fluid status until study end. Postweight was adjusted weekly according to a predefined protocol.

Results
Time-averaged fluid overload in the complete study cohort was 0.9±1.6 L at baseline and 0.6±1.1 L at study end. Time-averaged fluid overload decreased by −1.20±1.32 L (P<0.01) in the fluid-overloaded group (n=17), remained unchanged in the normovolemic group (n=26, P=0.59), and increased by 0.59±0.76 L (P=0.02) in the dehydrated group (n=12). Every 1 L change in fluid overload was accompanied by a 9.9 mmHg/L change in predialysis systolic BP (r=0.55, P<0.001). At study end, 76% of all patients were either on time-averaged fluid overload target or at least closer to target than at study start. The number of intradialytic symptoms did not change significantly in any of the subgroups.

Conclusions
Active fluid management guided by bioimpedance spectroscopy was associated with an improvement in overall fluid status and BP.
Stratified Patient-Centered Care in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Slingerland Annabelle S. , Herman William H. , Redekop William K. , Dijkstra Rob F. , Jukema J. Wouter , Niessen Louis W. 
Published: August 2013

OBJECTIVE
Diabetes treatment should be effective and cost-effective. HbA1c-associated complications are costly. Would patient-centered care be more (cost-) effective if it was targeted to patients within specific HbA1c ranges?

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This prospective, cluster-randomized, controlled trial involved 13 hospitals (clusters) in the Netherlands and 506 patients with type 2 diabetes randomized to patient-centered (n = 237) or usual care (controls) (n = 269). Primary outcomes were change in HbA1c and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs); costs and incremental costs (USD) after 1 year were secondary outcomes. We applied nonparametric bootstrapping and probabilistic modeling over a lifetime using a validated Dutch model. The baseline HbA1c strata were &lt;7.0% (53 mmol/mol), 7.0–8.5%, and &gt;8.5% (69 mmol/mol).

RESULTS
Patient-centered care was most effective and cost-effective in those with baseline HbA1c &gt;8.5% (69 mmol/mol). After 1 year, the HbA1c reduction was 0.83% (95% CI 0.81–0.84%) (6.7 mmol/mol [6.5–6.8]), and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was 261 USD (235–288) per QALY. Over a lifetime, 0.54 QALYs (0.30–0.78) were gained at a cost of 3,482 USD (2,706–4,258); ICER 6,443 USD/QALY (3,199–9,686). For baseline HbA1c 7.0–8.5% (53–69 mmol/mol), 0.24 QALY (0.07–0.41) was gained at a cost of 4,731 USD (4,259–5,205); ICER 20,086 USD (5,979–34,193). Care was not cost-effective for patients at a baseline HbA1c &lt;7.0% (53 mmol/mol).

CONCLUSIONS
Patient-centered care is more valuable when targeted to patients with HbA1c &gt;8.5% (69 mmol/mol), confirming clinical intuition. The findings support treatment in those with baseline HbA1c 7–8.5% (53–69 mmol/mol) and demonstrate little to no benefit among those with HbA1c &lt;7% (53 mmol/mol). Further studies should assess different HbA1c strata and additional risk profiles to account for heterogeneity among patients.