bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developmental Function in Toddlers With Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: Armstrong F. Daniel , Elkin T. David , Brown R. Clark , Glass Penny , Rana Sohail , Casella James F. , Kalpatthi Ram V. , Pavlakis Steven , Mi Zhibao , Wang Winfred C. ,   for the Baby Hug Investigators
Published: January 2013

BACKGROUND:Neurocognitive impairment occurs in children and adults with sickle cell anemia, but little is known about neurodevelopment in very young children. We examined the neurodevelopmental status of infants participating in the Pediatric Hydroxyurea Phase III Clinical Trial (Baby Hug) to determine relationships with age, cerebral blood flow velocity, and hemoglobin concentration.METHODS:Standardized measures of infant neurodevelopment were administered to 193 infants with hemoglobin SS or hemoglobin S-β0 thalassemia between 7 and 18 months of age at the time of their baseline evaluation. Associations between neurodevelopmental scores and age, family income, parent education, hemoglobin concentration, and transcranial Doppler velocity were examined.RESULTS:Mean functioning on the baseline neurodevelopment scales was in the average range. There were no mental development scores &lt;70 (impaired); 22 children had scores in the clinically significant range, 11 with impaired psychomotor scores and 11 with problematic behavior rating scores. Significantly poorer performance was observed with older age at baseline. Behavior rating scores were an average of 2.82 percentile points lower per month of age, with similar patterns observed with parent report using adaptive behavior scales. Parent-reported functional abilities and hemoglobin were negatively associated with higher transcranial Doppler velocities.CONCLUSIONS:Whereas overall functioning was in the normal range, behavioral and adaptive function was poorer with older age, even in this very young group of children. Explanatory mechanisms for this association between poorer developmental function and older age need to be identified.
The Burden of Influenza in Young Children, 2004–2009
Authors: Poehling Katherine A. , Edwards Kathryn M. , Griffin Marie R. , Szilagyi Peter G. , Staat Mary A. , Iwane Marika K. , Snively Beverly M. , Suerken Cynthia K. , Hall Caroline B. , Weinberg Geoffrey A. , Chaves Sandra S. , Zhu Yuwei , McNeal Monica M. , Bridges Carolyn B. 
Published: January 2013

OBJECTIVE:
To characterize the health care burden of influenza from 2004 through 2009, years when influenza vaccine recommendations were expanded to all children aged ≥6 months.

METHODS:
Population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza was performed among children aged &lt;5 years presenting with fever and/or acute respiratory illness to inpatient and outpatient settings during 5 influenza seasons in 3 US counties. Enrolled children had nasal/throat swabs tested for influenza by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and their medical records reviewed. Rates of influenza hospitalizations per 1000 population and proportions of outpatients (emergency department and clinic) with influenza were computed.

RESULTS:
The study population comprised 2970, 2698, and 2920 children from inpatient, emergency department, and clinic settings, respectively. The single-season influenza hospitalization rates were 0.4 to 1.0 per 1000 children aged &lt;5 years and highest for infants &lt;6 months. The proportion of outpatient children with influenza ranged from 10% to 25% annually. Among children hospitalized with influenza, 58% had physician-ordered influenza testing, 35% had discharge diagnoses of influenza, and 2% received antiviral medication. Among outpatients with influenza, 7% were tested for influenza, 7% were diagnosed with influenza, and &lt;1% had antiviral treatment. Throughout the 5 study seasons, &lt;45% of influenza-negative children ≥6 months were fully vaccinated against influenza.

CONCLUSIONS:
Despite expanded vaccination recommendations, many children are insufficiently vaccinated, and substantial influenza burden remains. Antiviral use was low. Future studies need to evaluate trends in use of vaccine and antiviral agents and their impact on disease burden and identify strategies to prevent influenza in young infants.
M13 Bacteriophage-Assisted Biomineralization of Copper Sulfide
Authors: Zaman Mohammed Shahriar , Haberer Elaine D. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTCombinatorial phage display with a pVIII library of M13 bacteriophage was used to identify a peptide sequence capable of recognition and mineralization of copper sulfide. The six sequences isolated from the final biopanning round were rich in basic, hydrophobic, and polar amino acids compared to the phage display library. The peptide sequence, DTRAPEIV, was used to biomineralize copper sulfide on the pVIII major coat protein thus producing linear chains of nanoparticles. Electron microscopy revealed that the phage was capable of controlling the size of the nucleated nanoparticles in an aqueous solution at room temperature and that the mineralized material was copper sulfide. Phage-templated biomineralization is a low temperature, aqueous-based approach to synthesis of copper sulfide nanoparticles with hierarchical order.
Surface Energy-mediated Protein and Osteoblast Responses on Nanostructured Stiff Surfaces
Authors: Yang Lei , Sihlabela Maswazi , Sheldon Brian W. , Webster Thomas J. 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACTNanostructured surfaces have demonstrated extraordinary capacity to influence protein adsorption and cellular responses, although the mechanisms behind such capacity are still not clear to date. In the present study, the role of surface energy associated with nanostructured stiff surfaces in modulating fibronectin and consequently osteoblast (OB, bone forming cells) responses was investigated. Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) and submicron crystalline diamond (SMCD) films with controllable surface energy were prepared by microwave-enhanced plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) techniques. Fibronectin adsorption on the diamond films with varied surface energy values was measured via the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the relationship between the surface energy and fibronectin adsorption was studied. OB aggregates (each containing 30∼50 cells) on the NCD with varied surface energy values were also studied. The results indicated that fibronectin adsorption on nanostructured surfaces was closely related to both surface energy and material microstructures, and osteoblast spreading and migration on stiff nanosurfaces are surface energy-driven processes.
Dipolar and J- Derived Solid State NMR Techniques and First Principles Calculations Applied to the Structure of Silicophosphates and to the Characterization of Phosphonate Grafting on Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Coelho Cristina , Benharbya Nadia , Gervais Cristel , Azaïs Thierry , Bonhomme-Coury Laure , Laurent Guillaume , Mauri Francesco , Bonhomme Christian 
Published: January 2013

AbstractJ-derived (HMQC, INEPT) and D-derived (double and triple resonance) experiments were applied to the detailed characterization of crystalline and amorphous silicophosphate derivatives. 31P/29Si and 1H/31P/29Si CP MAS experiments were suitable for the description of complex silicophosphate gels, which can act as precursors for biocompatible materials. First principles calculations involving the GIPAW approach (first developed by Mauri and Pickard) were applied for the determination of CSA (29Si, 31P, 17O) and quadrupolar (17O) parameters. Excellent agreement between experimental and calculated data was obtained.
NMR Characterisation of the Organic/SiO2 Interfaces in Templated Porous Silica.
Authors: Baccile Niki , Laurent Guillaume , Azaïs Thierry , Babonneau Florence 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis paper illustrates the use of a 1H-29Si-1H double CP sequence to investigate different organic/SiO2 interfaces in templated porous silica. The advantage of this sequence is to selectively edit, in a one-dimensional experiment, the protons that are in close proximity with the Si surface sites. In order to maximize the polarization transfer efficiency, some experiments have been recorded at lower temperature (238 K). Examples will concern surfactant/silica interactions in mesostructured silicas and the behavior of benzoic acid and 4-methoxychlorophenol, a common pesticide, encapsulated in mesoporous silica.
Life Cycle Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emission Analysis for a Water Resource Recovery Facility in India
Authors: Miller‐Robbie Leslie , Ramaswami Anu , Kumar Prasanna 
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT: This paper quantifies life cycle energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) in India versus water quality improvements achieved from infrastructure investments. A first such analysis is conducted using operating data for a WRRF, which employs upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors and oxidation. On‐site operations energy use, process GHG emissions, and embodied energy in infrastructure were quantified. The analysis showed energy use and GHG emissions of 0.2 watt‐hours (Wh) and 0.3 gram carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalents per liter (gCO2e/L) wastewater treated, and 1.3 Wh and 2.1 gCO2e/gBOD removed, achieving 81% biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and 99% fecal coliform removal annually. Process emissions of WRRFs contributed 44% of life cycle GHG emissions, similar in magnitude to those from electricity (46%), whereas infrastructure contributed 10%. Average WRRF‐associated GHG emissions (0.9gCO2e/L) were lower than those expected if untreated wastewater was released to the river. Investments made by WRRFs in developing world cities improve water quality and may mitigate overall GHG emissions.
Audit Sampling Research: A Synthesis and Implications for Future Research
Authors: Elder Randal J. , Akresh Abraham D. , Glover Steven M. , Higgs Julia L. , Liljegren Jonathan 
Published: January 2013

SUMMARY
While research has influenced auditing standards for audit sampling, academic research provides limited insights into the current use of audit sampling. We synthesize relevant research based on a sampling decision framework and suggest areas for additional research. Important judgments include determining if sampling applies, what type of sampling to apply (e.g., attribute or monetary sampling), whether to use statistical or nonstatistical techniques, appropriate inputs to determine sample size, and evaluation of results, particularly when errors are observed in the sample. Several of these judgments may be influenced by environmental factors, such as regulation, litigation, competition, culture, and technology, and there are a number of research opportunities available in exploring how these environmental factors influence audit sampling decisions. Research indicates that auditors may underestimate risks and required assurance in order to reduce the extent of testing, although some of this research predates current risk assessment standards, as well as recent regulatory changes. Research also indicates auditors sometimes fail to project sample errors, and are prone to decision biases when evaluating nonstatistical samples. More recent research finds low rates of sample errors in many sampled populations, indicating that some sampling concerns may be mitigated in the post-Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) environment.
Data Availability: Please contact the authors.
Pertraction of cadmium and zinc ions using a supported liquid membrane impregnated with different carriers
Authors: Peydayesh Mohammad , Esfandyari Gholam , Mohammadi Toraj , Alamdari Eskandar 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAn experimental study on the removal of Cd2+ and Zn2+ through a supported liquid membrane using a mixture of mono-(2-etylhexyl) ester of phosphoric acid (M2EHPA) and bis-(2-etylhexyl) ester of phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as carriers is presented. Parameters affecting the Cd2+ and Zn2+ pertraction such as feed concentration, carrier concentration, pH of the stripping phase, and TBP (tributyl phosphate) concentration were analyzed using the Taguchi method. Optimal experimental conditions for Cd2+ and Zn2+ pertraction were obtained using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) after a 6 h separation with the initial feed concentration of 8.9 × 10−4 mol L−1, carrier concentration of 20 vol. %, TBP concentration of 4 vol. %, and pH of 0.5. Then, under optimum conditions, a comparison of M2EHPA, D2EHPA, and bis-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)monothiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 302) was performed. Effective pertraction of Cd2+ and Zn2+ using these carriers was observed in the following order: mixture of M2EHPA and D2EHPA, D2EHPA, Cyanex 302. It was also found that the presence of one metal ion in the feed solution reduces the pertraction rate of the other one.
Protest continuum in the Arab countries: Social movements, civil society, and citizenship El continuum contestatario en los países árabes movimientos sociales, sociedad civil y ciudadanía Le continuum contestataire dans les pays arabes: Mouvements sociaux, société civile et citoyenneté
Authors: Bajo Isaías Barreñada 
Published: January 2013

The popular demonstrations triggered by the so-called Arab Spring can be explained by a combination of the multiple reasons of political, social, cultural, and economic orders. But previous mobilizations become relevant as a precedent to the Arab Spring protests given their scope; in several countries in recent years, an unusual intensification of the protest was experienced. The massive character of the protests would not have been possible without the intervention of certain experienced actors that served as catalysts and facilitators of these dynamics. Regardless of their achievements and singularities, the 2011 demonstrations have to be regarded as part of a protest continuum, being the inheritors of previous resistance, and protest movements, as well as of preceding organizational experiences and constituting a turning point in collective action. This continuum goes on.Spanish
Las movilizaciones populares que desencadenaron las llamadas “primaveras árabes“ se explican por la combinación de múltiples razones de orden político, social, cultural y económico. Pero las dimensiones adquiridas por las protestas ponen de relieve cómo éstas tenían antecedentes; en varios países en los últimos años se vivió una intensificacioacute;n inusitada de la contestación. El carácter masivo de las protestas no hubiera sido posible sin la intervención de determinados actores que contaban con experiencia y que lograron actuar como catalizadores y facilitadores de esta dinámica. Independientemente de sus logros y de sus singularidades nacionales, las manifestaciones del 2011 se inscribieron así en un continuum contestatario, siendo herederas de experiencias de resistencia, protesta y organización previas, y constituyeron un punto de inflexión en el proceso. Este continuum prosigue en las transiciones políticas en curso.French
Les mobilisations populaires déclenchées par les dénommés “printemps arabes“ s'expliquent par la combinaison de multiples raisons d'ordre politique, social, culturel et économique. Mais les dimensions a eintes par les protestations me ent en relief leurs antécédents; dans plusieurs pays, durant ces dernières années, a eu lieu une intensification inusitée de la contestation. Le caractère massif des protestations n'aurait été a eint sans l'intervention de certains acteurs qui comptaient avec de l'expérience y qui purent jouer un rôle de catalyseurs et de facilitateurs de ce e dynamique. Indépendamment de leurs réussites et de leurs singularités nationales, les manifestations de 2011 se sont ainsi inscrites dans un continuum contestataire, étant héritières d'expériences de résistance, de protestation et d'organisations antérieures, et elles constituèrent un moment d'inflexion dans le processus. Ce continuum se prolonge dans les transitions politiques en cour.
Book Reviews
Authors: Ruiz Marisol , Castro Méndez Evelyn N. 
Published: January 2013

Mesa Delmonte, Luis (Ed.). (2012). El pueblo quiere que caiga el régimen: Protestas sociales y conflictos en África del norte y en Medio Oriente.
Review by Marisol RuizWright, Robin. (2011). Rock the Casbah: Rage and rebellion across the Islamic world.
Reseña por Evelyn N. Castro Méndez
Delivering Environmental Education in Kazakhstan through Civic Action: Second-Wave Values and Governmental Responses
Authors: Soltys Dennis , Orynbassarova Dilara 
Published: January 2013

The severity of Kazakhstan's ecological problems impels civic activists and state agencies to build public support for ecological rehabilitation in the country, through a comprehensive national programme of environmental education. This paper is a qualitative analysis whose main focus is the relations of civic groups and NGOs with the national government, occurring in the delivery of programmes for environmental education during the post-glasnost era. Provisional successes of civic groups in establishing environmental education programmes, and useful steps by the government to facilitate civic environmental activism, give reasons for optimism for improved environmental governance.
Andes-Virus-Induced Cytokine Storm is Partially Suppressed by Ribavirin
Authors: Khaiboullina Svetlana F , Rizvanov Albert A , Lombardi Vincent C , Morzunov Sergey P , Reis Helton J , Palotás András , Jeor Stephen St 
Published: January 2013

Background Microbe-induced over-activation of cytokines, especially tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, is key to the pathogenesis of hantavirus infection leading to severe inflammation with high mortality rate. Although ribavirin showed promise in inhibiting viral replication in vitro, its clinical efficacy remains controversial. Methods Various concentrations of ribavirin were used to determine its effect on cytokine activation in our infectious model system. Results Ribavirin decreased the virus load and dose-dependently inhibited the accumulation of RANTES messenger RNA in Andes-virus (ANDV)-infected human endothelial cells, but failed to suppress TNF-α-induced activation of RANTES and interleukin-6 in ANDV-inoculated cultures. This report also shows, for the first time, that the deleterious over-stimulation by TNF-α is mediated by nuclear factor-κB, and describes the effect of ribavirin on cytokine production following ANDV infection. Conclusions Although highly effective in preventing ANDV replication and suppressing activation of select inflammatory mediators, the therapeutic efficacy of ribavirin is limited due to its inability to fully inhibit cytokine outburst triggered by hantavirus infection.
La déconstruction arendtienne des vues politiques de Heidegger
Authors: Taminiaux Jacques 
Published: January 2013

Hannah Arendt s’est imposée comme un penseur politique de premier plan en 1951 par son étude des Origines du totalitarisme . L’auteur de l’article qui suit a tenté de montrer dans divers travaux, à commencer par La Fille de Thrace et le Penseur professionnel 1 , que dans ses analyses de la vie active et de la vie de l’esprit, Arendt poursuit un débat constant avec Heidegger dont elle avait été l’élève à Marbourg avant la publication de Sein und Zeit . Le but de l’article est de démontrer à la lumière de ce débat que l’indubitable compromission de Heidegger avec le national-socialisme avait ses racines non pas dans l’idéologie nazie mais dans une réappropriation spécifique de la pensée politique de Platon, telle qu’elle est exposée dans la République .
L'incapacité originaire de l'éthique heideggérienne
Authors: Lilly Reginald 
Published: January 2013

Mettre à la question l’éthique de Heidegger, c’est répondre à l’impossibilité d’en dire le fondement dans les termes de ses propres préoccupations thématiques. Car si l’éthique évoque une « patrie » du Dasein, celui-ci demeure tragiquement étranger à son appel. Étrangeté entretenue par un inextricable conflit du langage et de l’Être, ainsi que due au privilège de la « mortalité » sur la puissance créatrice de la « natalité ». D’où une lecture de cette « analytique des ultimes » dont est porteur le texte Des Hégémonies brisées . Lecture qui ne gage du reste pas du succès d’une éthique « heideggérienne », mais ouvre la voie vers une reprise fondationnelle du rapport du Dasein à son éthique.
L'être-avec de l'être-là
Authors: Nancy Jean-Luc 
Published: January 2013

Comment, de l’introduction du Mitdasein à l’engagement de celui-ci dans le combat destinal du peuple, se produit dans Être et temps un déplacement, ou bien une rupture – voire un oubli – qui laisse en souffrance l’analyse existentiale du « mit » telle qu’elle semblait annoncée et exigée. En quoi ce déplacement affecte aussi la considération de la mort, et fait lever une interrogation sur l’absence de l’amour.
Vernant et Meyerson le mental, le social et le structural
Authors: Fruteau de Laclos Frédéric 
Published: January 2013

Jean-Pierre Vernant présente ses premiers travaux comme des « études de psychologie historique ». Il se réclame par là de la discipline inventée par son maître Ignace Meyerson. Ce dernier a renouvelé le champ de la psychologie par une réflexion méthodologique originale sur la nature de ses objets : en vue de rendre compte des progrès de la pensée, il propose de sortir du laboratoire et de s’appuyer sur les produits culturels de l’activité humaine. Nous montrons que Vernant, tout en appliquant à l’homme grec les principes de cette méthode, les modifie sur deux points essentiels : d’abord, il rapporte plus nettement le mental aux conditions sociales de son apparition ; ensuite, grâce aux acquis de l’analyse structurale, il enrichit considérablement l’étude des œuvres elles-mêmes.
Surréflexion éthique
Authors: Cohen-Halimi Michèle 
Published: January 2013

L’éthique est sans discussion. Les rencontres de Jacques Derrida et de Jean-François Lyotard à Cerisy, en 1980 et en 1982, l’attestent. Elles imposent une écoute et une lecture qui relèvent de ce que Kant nommait « l’interprétation authentique ».
Rousseau, penseur de (la crise de) la représentation politique
Authors: Boyer Charles 
Published: January 2013

La crise de la représentation politique est un thème récurrent depuis de nombreuses années. Et nous voulons montrer que, philosophiquement parlant, c’est Jean-Jacques Rousseau qui, dans le Contrat social , l’a pensée comme le mal politique de notre modernité. En effet, en suivant la grille de lecture proposée par Jacques Derrida dans De la grammatologie , la démocratie r eprésentative en tant que « supplément » de la démocratie directe impossible, ne peut que dénaturer cette dernière, c’est-à-dire tendre à dessaisir le peuple de sa souveraineté. Et si ce mal est inhérent à la démocratie représentative des « peuples modernes », cela montre que Rousseau ne peut pas être nostalgique de la démocratie directe antique comme on le dit d’habitude mais le penseur lucide de notre temps.
Éros civilisateurs
Authors: Seiderer Anna 
Published: January 2013

Cet article propose de décrypter le concept de transmission à l’œuvre dans les musées postcoloniaux au Bénin. Héritiers du modèle républicain, les musées ont été introduits dans les colonies françaises par le biais de l’Institut français d’Afrique noire au cours des années 1930. Ils répondaient à des impératifs politiques et idéologiques précis, à savoir, instituer des valeurs idéales grâce auxquelles fédérer des groupes humains hétérogènes. Notre objectif est d’expliciter les fondements théoriques du modèle de transmission promu par les musées coloniaux et de les mettre à l’épreuve d’une pratique mémorielle contemporaine, au Bénin.