bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Position of Women in Arundhati Roy’s the God of Small Things and Anita Desai’s Clear Light of Day
Authors: Kutluk Asli 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyse women’s state in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things and Anita Desai’s Clear Light of Day. In both novels, women struggle with the world they live in because of their womanhood. Their situation can be discussed briefly in terms of Gayatri Spivak’s famous essay, “Can the Subaltern Speak?”
Commodification and Identity in Chick Lit
Authors: Alb Anemona 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
This paper looks at the parochial facets of femininity versus their globalized avatars as apparent in two chick lit novels, Helen Fielding’s “Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason” 1999 and one of the novels in Sophie Kinsella’s The Shopaholic series, “Shopaholic Abroad” 2001. The paradigm I am operating within is that of consumerism and commodification as the new forms of globalization. More specifically, the paper sets out to investigate the extent to which global and local facets of (feminine) identity overlap, thus engendering what I label ‘glocal’ femininities, and the role of the commodification thereof.
What did the Enlightenment Lead to: Women’s Activism, Women’s Movement or Feminism? A Case-Study of France and the Usa
Authors: Zelinka Elisabeta 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The Enlightenment triggered different reactions among women in Europe (the most illustrious case is France) and in the USA. The present paper analyses these reactions kindled by the Enlightenment in the two abovementioned geopolitical and cultural realms. It also analyses the development of certain social movements triggered by these reactions. Therefore, the epicentral question that I will attempt to answer is: what did the Enlightenment lead to in Europe (as exemplified by France) and in the USA: women’s activism, women’s movement, or feminism? Why did the Enlightenment influence the women’s rights movement differently in these two countries?
Women Under Siege. The Shakespearean Ethics of Violence
Authors: Percec Dana , Şerban Andreea 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
This paper discusses notions of physical violence, domestic violence, and sexual assault and the ways in which these were socially and legally perceived in early modern Europe. Special attention will be paid to a number of Shakespearean plays, such as Titus Andronicus and Edward III, but also to the narrative poem The Rape of Lucrece (whose motifs were later adopted in Cymbeline), where the consumption of the female body as a work of art is combined with verbal and physical abuse.
She’s the Man: Gender Dynamics in William Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night
Authors: Hanţiu Ecaterina 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
More than any other Shakespearean play, Twelfth Night demonstrates hogender can be performed and impersonated with the use of voice, costume and mannerisms. The play explores the relationship between gender and desire, allowing us to understand the complex ways in which Shakespeare responded imaginatively to sex, gender and sexuality as determinants of human identity. The article also discusses various movie versions of the play.
Fashioning the Queen - Elizabeth I as Patron of Translations
Authors: Zaharia Oana-Alis 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The present paper aims to explore the role of Queen Elizabeth I as literary patron and dedicatee of translations by focusing on the dedication that precedes Geoffrey Fenton’s rendering of Francesco Guicciardini’s Storia d’Italia. Fenton’s extensive dedication to the Queen is extremely revealing of the manner in which the system of patronage was understood in Elizabethan England. Moreover, it facilitates our understanding of the translator’s role and position at the Elizabethan court, of the political and cultural implications of choosing the Queen as the patron of a translation.
Representations of Femininity in Seventeenth Century Conduct Manuals for Gentlemen
Authors: Biscetti Stefania 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
This paper investigates conceptual representations of women in 17th century conduct manuals for gentlemen published in England before and after the Civil War. The aim is to see whether the socio-cultural transformations produced by the Revolution are reflected in the metaphorical expressions referring to the female sex in a highly conservative textual genre
The Modern Woman and Women’s Emancipation in 19th Century English and Romanian Comedies
Authors: Mitea Ioana-Florina 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The construction of feminine characters in nineteenth century English and Romanian comedies reflects the changes that the two societies were experiencing, especially the fact that women were no longer confined to domestic life. The plays feature women assimilating the latest fashions and lifestyles, their aspirations to change their status and their steps towards emancipation
Why Feminist Critical Literacy Matters: The Reorganisation of Capitalist Economies and the Significance of Socially Engaged Literature for Young Adults
Authors: Burcar Lilijana 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
The latest capitalist restructuring has resulted in new conditions of employment, seriously affecting possibilities for people’s self-realization. Women have been hurt the most and face an increasing feminisation of poverty. This paper foregrounds the importance of literary socialisation in preparing young people to accept or reject neoliberal gendered scripts.
Vascular Elasticity and Grip Strength Are Associated With Bone Health of the Hemiparetic Radius in People With Chronic Stroke: Implications for Rehabilitation
Authors: Pang Marco Y.C. , Yang Feigo Z.H. , Jones Alice Y.M. 
Published: February 2013

Background
People with stroke often have increased bone loss and fracture rate. Increasing evidence has demonstrated a link between cardiovascular health and bone loss in other patient populations.

Objective
The study objectives were: (1) to compare the bone density and geometry of the radius diaphysis on the left and right sides in people with chronic stroke and people who were matched for age (control participants) and (2) to examine the relationship between the bone strength index at the hemiparetic radius diaphysis and vascular health in people with chronic stroke.

Design
This was a case-control study.

Methods
The radius diaphysis on both sides was scanned with peripheral quantitative computed tomography in 65 participants with chronic stroke and 34 control participants. Large-artery and small-artery elasticity indexes were evaluated with a cardiovascular profiling system.

Results
The paretic radius diaphysis had significantly lower values for cortical bone mineral density, cortical thickness, cortical area, and the bone strength index but a larger marrow cavity area than the nonparetic radius diaphysis in participants with chronic stroke, whereas no bone measurement showed a significant side-to-side difference in control participants. Multiple regression analyses showed that the large-artery elasticity index and grip strength remained significantly associated with the bone strength index at the hemiparetic radius diaphysis after controlling for age, sex, time since stroke diagnosis, body mass index, and physical activity (R2=.790).

Limitations
This study was cross-sectional and could not establish causality. The radius diaphysis is not the most common site of fracture after stroke.

Conclusions
Both the integrity of the vasculature and muscle strength were significantly associated with the bone strength index at the hemiparetic radius diaphysis in participants with chronic stroke. The results may be useful in guiding rehabilitative programs for enhancing bone health in the paretic arm after stroke.
Predictors of resource utilization in transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing disease
Authors: Little Andrew S. , Chapple Kristina 
Published: February 2013

Object
The short-term cost associated with subspecialized surgical care is an increasingly important metric and economic concern. This study sought to determine factors associated with hospital charges in patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing disease in an effort to identify the drivers of resource utilization.

Methods
The authors analyzed the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) hospital discharge database from 2007 to 2009 to determine factors that influenced hospital charges in patients who had undergone transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing disease. The NIS discharge database approximates a 20% sample of all inpatient admissions to nonfederal US hospitals. A multistep regression model was developed that adjusted for patient demographics, acuity measures, comorbidities, hospital characteristics, and complications.

Results
In 116 hospitals, 454 transsphenoidal operations were performed. The mean hospital charge was $48,272 ± $32,060. A multivariate regression model suggested that the primary driver of resource utilization was length of stay (LOS), followed by surgeon volume, hospital characteristics, and postoperative complications. A 1% increase in LOS increased hospital charges by 0.60%. Patient charges were 13% lower when performed by high-volume surgeons compared with low-volume surgeons and 22% lower in large hospitals compared with small hospitals. Hospital charges were 12% lower in cases with no postoperative neurological complications. The proposed model accounted for 46% of hospital charge variance.

Conclusions
This analysis of hospital charges in transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing disease suggested that LOS, hospital characteristics, surgeon volume, and postoperative complications are important predictors of resource utilization. These findings may suggest opportunities for improvement.
Fonds souverains : comment repenser le capitalisme d'État ?
Authors: Jégourel Yves 
Published: February 2013

Résumé Désignés sous le terme générique de « fonds souverains », les véhicules d’investissement publics offrent une grande disparité, tant dans leurs stratégies et objectifs financiers que dans leur fonctionnement institutionnel. Les considérer comme une classe d’investisseurs homogènes n’a, en conséquence, pas de sens. Une analyse géoéconomique pertinente de leurs actions se doit au contraire de les considérer, en premier lieu, pays par pays, et de développer une approche englobante des différents « outils » du capitalisme d’État, prenant en compte les synergies possibles entre notamment fonds souverains et entreprises publiques. L’ambiguïté forte du terme « investissement stratégique » doit en second lieu être levée. De ce point de vue, l’importance de la question des ressources naturelles, rarement définies comme stratégiques par les pays susceptibles d’accueillir des fonds souverains, apparaît largement sous-estimée. Une vision précise des risques géostratégiques que pourraient faire peser le développement de ces acteurs publics impose enfin d’éviter un tropisme excessif qui conduirait à ne pas accorder suffisamment d’intérêt à la problématique des pays « tiers », fortement dotés en ressources naturelles et objet de nombreux investissements des fonds ou entreprises d’État.
Distinguishing among weapons offenders, drug offenders, and weapons and drug offenders based on childhood predictors and adolescent correlates
Authors: Stephens Skye , Day David M. 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundWeapons and drug offences incur a large cost to society and tend to be strongly associated. Improved understanding of their antecedents could inform targeted early intervention and prevention programmes.AimThis study aimed to examine differences in criminal careers, childhood predictors and adolescent correlates among weapons‐only offenders, drugs‐only offenders and a versatile group of weapons + drugs offenders.MethodWe conducted a longitudinal records study of 455 young Canadians charged with drug and/or weapons offences who started their offending in late childhood/early adolescence.ResultsConsistent with expectation, differences emerged in their criminal careers as the versatile group had a longer criminal career and desisted from offending at a later age than weapons‐only offenders. Against prediction, weapons‐only offenders experienced the greatest number of childhood predictors and adolescent correlates.Conclusion and implications for practiceThe three offending groups could be differentiated on offending trajectories and developmental factors.In making links between past events and later behaviour, life‐course criminology may inform development of effective early intervention and prevention strategies.As weapons‐only offenders experience the greatest level of adversity in childhood and adolescence, they may benefit most (of these three groups) from early intervention and prevention programmes.A reduction in weapon carrying and use might be achieved by early identification of children risk factors (e.g. family adversity) and appropriate intervention. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
InGaAs/InP DHBTs with emitter and base defined through electron‐beam lithography for reduced Ccb and increased RF cut‐off frequency
Authors: Lobisser Evan , Rode Johann C. , Jain Vibhor , Chiang Han‐Wei , Baraskar Ashish , Mitchell William J. , Thibeault Brian J. , Rodwell Mark J. W. , Urteaga Miguel , Loubychev Dmitri , Snyder Andrew , Wu Ying , Fastenau Joel M. , Liu Amy W. K. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractInGaAs/InP DHBTs are fabricated using electron‐beam lithography to define the emitter and base mesas. Emitter mesas 150 nm wide, and base mesas with < 25 nm misalignment to the emitter have been developed. Emitter contacts are prepared through blanket, refractory metal evaporation to obtain emitter contact resistivity ρex = 2 Ω·µm2. This low record resistivity, combined with the narrow emitter and base mesas, enables device RF performance of simultaneous fτ and fmax of 530 GHz and 750 GHz, respectively, at a power density of > 40 mW/µm2. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Gastrointestinal well-being in subjects reporting mild gastrointestinal discomfort: characteristics and properties of a global assessment measure
Authors: Guyonnet Denis , Naliboff Bruce , Rondeau Pascale , Mayer Emeran , Chassany Olivier 
Published: February 2013

There is a lack of recognised markers for measuring gastrointestinal (GI) well-being and digestive symptoms in the general population. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate construct validity of a global assessment tool of GI well-being. In this randomised double-blind study, 197 adult women consumed either a probiotic fermented milk or a control dairy product daily during 4 weeks. GI well-being was assessed weekly using a single question and subjects indicated whether their GI well-being remained the same, improved or worsened compared with the baseline period. Responders for GI well-being were subjects reporting improvement for at least 2 weeks of the 4 weeks of intervention. Frequency of individual digestive symptoms was assessed weekly. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Subjects reporting improvement of their GI well-being had a significantly (P< 0·05) lower frequency of combined digestive symptoms than individuals with no change, whereas subjects with worsened GI well-being had a significantly (P< 0·05) higher digestive symptom frequency. Number of weeks with reported GI well-being improvement was significantly (P< 0·05) correlated with the decrease in digestive symptoms (r 0·58) and the HRQoL digestive comfort dimension (r 0·47). When compared with non-responders, responders had significantly (P< 0·0001) fewer average digestive symptoms and higher scores on digestive comfort of the HRQoL questionnaire. The data provide construct validity for a single-item questionnaire as a measure of GI well-being improvement. These data support the use of this questionnaire as an end point for nutritional intervention in the general population.
Concurrent outbreaks with co-infection of norovirus and Clostridium difficile in a long-term-care facility
Authors: LUDWIG A. , SATO K. , SCHIRMER P. , MANIAR A. , LUCERO-OBUSAN C. , FLEMING C. , RYONO R. , ODA G. , WINTERS M. , HOLODNIY M. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYWe describe an outbreak of simultaneous Clostridium difficile and norovirus infections in a long-term-care facility. Thirty patients experienced acute gastroenteritis, and four had co-infection with identical C. difficile 027 and genotype II.4 New Orleans norovirus strains. Co-occurring infection requires improved understanding of risk factors, clinical impact, and testing strategies.
Overview of antidepressant treatment of bipolar depression
Authors: Vázquez Gustavo H. , Tondo Leonardo , Undurraga Juan , Baldessarini Ross J. 
Published: February 2013

Abstract
Bipolar depression remains a major unresolved challenge for psychiatric therapeutics. It is associated with significant disability and mortality and represents the major proportion of the approximately half of follow-up time spent in morbid states despite use of available treatments. Evidence regarding effectiveness of standard treatments, particularly with antidepressants, remains limited and inconsistent. We reviewed available clinical and research literature concerning treatment with antidepressants in bipolar depression and its comparison with unipolar depression. Research evidence concerning efficacy and safety of commonly used antidepressant treatments for acute bipolar depression is very limited. Nevertheless, an updated meta-analysis indicated that overall efficacy was significantly greater with antidepressants than with placebo-treatment and not less than was found in trials for unipolar major depression. Moreover, risks of non-spontaneous mood-switching specifically associated with antidepressant treatment are less than appears to be widely believed. The findings encourage additional efforts to test antidepressants adequately in bipolar depression, and to consider options for depression in types I vs. II bipolar disorder, depression with subsyndromal hypomania and optimal treatment of mixed agitated-dysphoric states – both short- and long-term. Many therapeutic trials considered were small, varied in design, often involved co-treatments, or lacked adequate controls.
Heel‐Line Hyperpigmentation: A Variant of Sock‐Line Hyperpigmentation After the Use of Heel‐Length Socks
Authors: Ciliberto Heather , Berk David , Salphale Pankaj , Bayliss Susan 
Published: February 2013

AbstractTwo infants developed hyperpigmented curvilinear patches on the posterior heel after wearing heel‐length socks. Both of the patient's lesions improved after discontinuing the use of the heel‐length socks. Hyperpigmented patches called sock‐line or mitten‐line hyperpigmentation have been reported at sites of tight elastic bands from socks or mittens in infants on the calves and wrists. Recognizing this clinical entity is important to differentiate it from other causes of linear lesions such as child abuse or amniotic band syndrome.
Linear-Logic Based Analysis of Constraint Handling Rules with Disjunction
Authors: Betz Hariolf , Frühwirth Thom 
Published: February 2013

Constraint Handling Rules (CHR) is a declarative rule-based programming language that has cut out its niche over the course of the last 20 years. It generalizes concurrent constraint logic programming to multiple heads, thus closing the gap to multiset transformation systems. Its popular extension CHR with Disjunction (CHR∨) is a multiparadigm declarative programming language that allows embedding of Horn programs with SLD resolution.
We analyze the assets and the limitations of the classical declarative semantics of CHR∨ and highlight its natural relationship with linear-logic. We furthermore develop two linear-logic semantics for CHR∨ that differ in the reasoning domain for which they are instrumental. We show their idempotence and their soundness and completeness with respect to the operational semantics. We show how to apply the linear-logic semantics to decide program properties and to reason about operational equivalence of CHR∨ programs.
Adaptive and innovative Radiation Treatment FOR improving Cancer treatment outcomE (ARTFORCE); a randomized controlled phase II trial for individualized treatment of head and neck cancer
Authors: Heukelom Jolien , Hamming Olga , Bartelink Harry , Hoebers Frank , Giralt Jordi , Herlestam Teresa , Verheij Marcel , Brekel Michiel van den , Vogel Wouter , Slevin Nick , Deutsch Eric , Sonke Jan-Jakob , Lambin Philippe , Rasch Coen 
Published: February 2013

Abstract

Background
Failure of locoregional control is the main cause of recurrence in advanced head and neck cancer. This multi-center trial aims to improve outcome in two ways. Firstly, by redistribution of the radiation dose to the metabolically most FDG-PET avid part of the tumour. Hereby, a biologically more effective dose distribution might be achieved while simultaneously sparing normal tissues. Secondly, by improving patient selection. Both cisplatin and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) antibodies like Cetuximab in combination with Radiotherapy (RT) are effective in enhancing tumour response. However, it is unknown which patients will benefit from either agent in combination with irradiation. We will analyze the predictive value of biological markers and 89Zr-Cetuximab uptake for treatment outcome of chemoradiation with Cetuximab or cisplatin to improve patient selection.

Methods
ARTFORCE is a randomized phase II trial for 268 patients with a factorial 2 by 2 design: cisplatin versus Cetuximab and standard RT versus redistributed RT. Cisplatin is dosed weekly 40 mg/m2 for 6 weeks. Cetuximab is dosed 250mg/m2 weekly (loading dose 400 mg/m2) for 6 weeks. The standard RT regimen consists of elective RT up to 54.25 Gy with a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) to 70 Gy in 35 fractions in 6 weeks. Redistributed adaptive RT consists of elective RT up to 54.25 Gy with a SIB between 64-80 Gy in 35 fractions in 6 weeks with redistributed dose to the gross tumour volume (GTV) and clinical target volume (CTV), and adaptation of treatment for anatomical changes in the third week of treatment.
Patients with locally advanced, biopsy confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, oral cavity or hypopharynx are eligible.
Primary endpoints are: locoregional recurrence free survival at 2 years, correlation of the median 89Zr-cetuximab uptake and biological markers with treatment specific outcome, and toxicity. Secondary endpoints are quality of life, swallowing function preservation, progression free and overall survival.

Discussion
The objective of the ARTFORCE Head and Neck trial is to determine the predictive value of biological markers and 89Zr-Cetuximab uptake, as it is unknown how to select patients for the appropriate concurrent agent. Also we will determine if adaptive RT and dose redistribution improve locoregional control without increasing toxicity.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01504815