bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrale Analyse von Bestandsbaumaßnahmen und vergleichende Nachhaltigkeitsbewertung
Authors: Ungermann Dieter , Patschin Alena , Pätzold Anja , Preckwinkel Eva , Floerke Paul , Weiß Sonja , Gralla Mike , Brandt Tim , Ummenhofer Thomas , Hermann Manfred , Zinke Tim , Herrmann Christoph , Dettmer Tina , Tichelmann Karsten Ulrich , Ziegler Bastian 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBauen im Bestand beschreibt im Allgemeinen die Verdichtung, Modernisierung und Sanierung von bestehenden Gebäuden. Unter dem Aspekt der Nachhaltigkeit liegt der Schwerpunkt des Bauens der nächsten Jahrzehnte im Bestand. Hierbei ergeben sich große Chancen für den Stahl(leicht)bau, die im Rahmen der vorgestellten Forschungsergebnisse aufgezeigt werden. Die interdisziplinäre Planung von Gebäudeerweiterungen in Form von Aufstockungen aus Stahl erfolgt für ausgewählte, repräsentative Referenzgebäude und liefert eine Basis für weitere, allgemeine Erkenntnisse zum Bauen im Bestand unter Berücksichtigung von stadtplanerischen und architektonischen sowie bauphysikalischen Aspekten, statisch‐konstruktiven Anforderungen, des Baubetriebs, der Immobilienbewertung und lebenszyklusübergreifenden Nachhaltigkeitsbewertungen. Im Ergebnis liegen erstmalig detaillierte Ökobilanzergebnisse für spezifische Bestandsbaumaßnahmen vor, die eine Vorteilhaftigkeit gegenüber Abriss und Neubau ausweisen.Integral analysis of building projects dealing with existing structures including comparative assessments of sustainability – Exemplified through investigations of the building for the physics institute at the TU Dortmund, Germany. Building in existing contexts and structures considers urban densification, modernization and redevelopment of the existing building stock in general. Aspects of sustainability will primarily be focusing on refurbishment and restoration of existing buildings; they will be the challenge of future. These future developments unfold many opportunities for the application for steel and steel‐lightweight structures, which are highlighted through this presented research project. The interdisciplinary planning approach of roof top extensions for existing buildings with steel structures is simulated for selected, representative reference buildings and can be used to facilitate a basis for further insights in respect to building with existing structures. This approach considers city planning and architectural requirements, aspects of building physics, structural solutions, building process concerns, real estate assessment, sustainability and life cycle assessments. As a result, for the first time detailed outcomes regarding the life cycle assessments for specific projects dealing with the composition of existing structures in contrast to the process of demolition and new development are available. An advantage of building in existing context can be determined.
Nachhaltigkeitsanalysen von Stahlverbundbrücken
Authors: Kuhlmann Ulrike , Maier Philippa , Zinke Tim , Ummenhofer Thomas , Pfaffinger Marjolaine , Mensinger Martin , Schneider Sarah , Lenz Katrin , Beck Tabea , Friedrich Heinz 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBrückenbauwerke werden für eine sehr lange Lebensdauer geplant und errichtet. Vor allem für Straßenbrücken ist bei der Beurteilung eine Abkehr von den reinen Herstellungskosten in Richtung einer lebenszyklusorientierten, ganzheitlichen Bewertung voranzutreiben. Durch die Bottom‐Up‐Analysen an Realbauwerken, die typische Autobahnbrücken mittlerer Spannweite repräsentieren, wurden detaillierte Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Die Resultate von Lebenszykluskostenrechnungen, Ökobilanzierung und Berechnungen von externen Effekten werden hier für drei Varianten von Autobahnbrücken dargestellt und analysiert.Analyses of steel‐composite bridges according to sustainability – holistic assessment of motorway crossings with quantitative methods. Bridges are designed and built for a long life‐cycle. For motorway bridges concerning the assessment in view of sustainability no longer construction costs should be decisive. By using a bottom‐up approach representative bridges are analyzed representing typical solutions of medium span highway bridges. Results of life‐cycle cost analyses, life‐cycle environmental analyses and calculations of external effects are shown and analyzed for three variants of motorway crossings.
Wirtschaftlichkeit von Stahlkonstruktionen für große Hallen
Authors: Eckstein Klaus 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDie Planung von Tragwerken hat sich weitgehend von einer programm‐unterstützten Planung zu einer programm‐dominierten Planung entwickelt. Durch die programm‐gesteuerte Bemessung entfällt eine bewusste Profilwahl. Das Know‐how für das Konstruieren bildet sich beim Planer nicht aus oder es verkümmert. An drei Stahlhallen wird beispielhaft gezeigt, dass es durch Mangel an Konstruktions‐Know‐how zu Tragwerken mit unwirtschaftlich hohem Materialeinsatz kommen kann.Economy of steel structures for large halls. Planning of structures has been developed largely by a computer program‐assisted planning into a computer program‐dominated planning. Through the computer program‐generated design eliminates a conscious choice of profile. The know‐how of designing cannot be formed or it stunted. At three steel buildings it is shown by way of example that the shortage of know‐how could lead to structures with uneconomical high use of materials.
Ernst Meier – Schöpfer der windschnittigen Luftschiffhalle
Authors: Fuhrmann Roland 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBis zum Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkrieges gab es kaum eine deutsche Großstadt, die nicht bereits über eine Luftschiffhalle verfügte oder über deren Errichtung nachdachte – wollte sie nicht den Anschluss an das prophezeite Luftschiff‐Verkehrsnetz verpassen. Die starren Gerüstluftschiffe des Zeppelin‐Typs setzten sich zunehmend durch, stellten aber besondere Anforderungen. Das Eigengewicht ihrer Konstruktion verlangte ein viel größeres Gasvolumen und erforderte Luftschiffhallen mit immensen Ausmaßen. Nach jedem Fahrtende war ihre Verbringung in Bergehallen unbedingt erforderlich. Das Ein‐ und Aushallen der Luftschiffe, vor allem das Passieren der Tore bei Seitenwind, blieb immer ein kritischer Moment. Zur Lösung dieses Problems wurden elektrisch in den Wind drehbare Luftschiffhallen favorisiert [1]. Solche Drehhallen waren ungleich teurer. Als Kompromiss wurden Luftschiffhallen fest in Hauptwindrichtung gebaut und deren Tore zumeist als Windschutzwände ausgebildet. Bis Kriegsende wurde nicht von glattwandigen, abstehenden Toren abgewichen, obwohl dies mehrfach für Unfälle sorgte. Da viele Luftschiffhäfen gleichzeitig Flugplätze waren, machte sich der störende Einfluss der kantigen Luftschiffhallen‐Baukörper auf die laminare Strömung besonders bemerkbar und erzeugte Wirbel, die den leichten Flugapparaten wie auch den Luftschiffen bei Bodenmanövern gleichermaßen gefährlich wurden.Die Ausnahme bildete ein allseits abgerundeter Luftschiffhallentyp, der 1913 in Dresden, Liegnitz und Posen errichtet wurde – Konstruktionen eines heute unbekannten Ingenieurs: Ernst Meier (Bild 1). Seine Erfindung des Kuppeldrehtores ermöglichte erstmals auch die sphärische Wölbung der beiden Hallengiebelseiten. Geöffnet schmiegten sich die Torhälften zudem so an den Hallenkörper an, dass im Torbereich kaum Strömungsbehinderung stattfand und die kritischen Luftwirbel ausblieben.Erst nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg und durch den kriegsbedingt gewachsenen Wissensstand in der Strömungsmechanik wurde dieser Vorteil allgemein anerkannt und weltweit auf eine Vielzahl Luftschiffhallen und ‐hallenentwürfe angewandt [2].
Concise Review: Generation of Neurons From Somatic Cells of Healthy Individuals and Neurological Patients Through Induced Pluripotency or Direct Conversion
Authors: Velasco Iván , Salazar Patricia , Giorgetti Alessandra , Ramos–Mejía Verónica , Castaño Julio , Romero–Moya Damià , Menendez Pablo 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Access to healthy or diseased human neural tissue is a daunting task and represents a barrier for advancing our understanding about the cellular, genetic, and molecular mechanisms underlying neurogenesis and neurodegeneration. Reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotency by transient expression of transcription factors was achieved a few years ago. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from both healthy individuals and patients suffering from debilitating, life-threatening neurological diseases have been differentiated into several specific neuronal subtypes. An alternative emerging approach is the direct conversion of somatic cells (i.e., fibroblasts, blood cells, or glial cells) into neuron-like cells. However, to what extent neuronal direct conversion of diseased somatic cells can be achieved remains an open question. Optimization of current expansion and differentiation approaches is highly demanded to increase the differentiation efficiency of specific phenotypes of functional neurons from iPSCs or through somatic cell direct conversion. The realization of the full potential of iPSCs relies on the ability to precisely modify specific genome sequences. Genome editing technologies including zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CAS9 RNA-guided nucleases have progressed very fast over the last years. The combination of genome-editing strategies and patient-specific iPSC biology will offer a unique platform for in vitro generation of diseased and corrected neural derivatives for personalized therapies, disease modeling and drug screening. Stem Cells 2014;32:2811–2817
Expansion of Murine Periosteal Progenitor Cells with Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Reveals an Intrinsic Endochondral Ossification Program Mediated by Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
Authors: van Gastel Nick , Stegen Steve , Stockmans Ingrid , Moermans Karen , Schrooten Jan , Graf Daniel , Luyten Frank P. , Carmeliet Geert 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The preservation of the bone-forming potential of skeletal progenitor cells during their ex vivo expansion remains one of the major challenges for cell-based bone regeneration strategies. We report that expansion of murine periosteal cells in the presence of FGF2, a signal present during the early stages of fracture healing, is necessary and sufficient to maintain their ability to organize in vivo into a cartilage template which gives rise to mature bone. Implantation of FGF2-primed cells in a large bone defect in mice resulted in complete healing, demonstrating the feasibility of using this approach for bone tissue engineering purposes. Mechanistically, the enhanced endochondral ossification potential of FGF2-expanded periosteal cells is predominantly driven by an increased production of BMP2 and is additionally linked to an improved preservation of skeletal progenitor cells in the cultures. This characteristic is unique for periosteal cells, as FGF2-primed bone marrow stromal cells formed significantly less bone and progressed exclusively through the intramembranous pathway, revealing essential differences between both cell pools. Taken together, our findings provide insight in the molecular regulation of fracture repair by identifying a unique interaction between periosteal cells and FGF2. These insights may promote the development of cell-based therapeutic strategies for bone regeneration which are independent of the in vivo use of growth factors, thus limiting undesired side effects. Stem Cells 2014;32:2407–2418
An efficient regression testing approach for PHP web applications: a controlled experiment
Authors: Do Hyunsook , Hossain Md. 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYCompanies that provide web applications often encounter various security attacks and frequent feature‐update demands from users, and when these needs arise, companies need to fix security problems or upgrade the application with new features. These fixes often involve small patches or revisions, but still, testers need to perform regression testing on their products to ensure that the changes have not introduced new faults. Performing regression testing on the entire product, however, can be very expensive, and it is not a viable solution for companies that need a short turnaround time to release patches. One solution is focusing only on the code areas that have been changed and performing regression testing on them. By doing this, companies can provide quick patches more dependably whenever they encounter security breaches. In this paper, the authors proposed a new regression testing approach that identifies the affected areas by code changes using impact analysis and generates new test cases for the impacted areas by changes using program slices. To facilitate the approach, the researchers implemented a Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) Analysis and Regression Testing Engine (PARTE) and performed a controlled experiment using five open source web applications with multiple versions. The results showed that this approach is effective in reducing the cost of regression testing for a frequently patched web application, and exposed ways in which that effectiveness can vary with application characteristics and versioning frequencies. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Determinants of Low Fertility in India
Authors: Dharmalingam Arunachalam , Rajan Sowmya , Morgan S. Philip 
Published: July 2014

AbstractUsing a conceptual framework focusing on factors that enhance or reduce fertility relative to desired family size (see Bongaarts 2001), we study fertility variation across time (1992–2006) and space (states) in India. Our empirical analyses use data from three waves of the Indian National Family Health Surveys. We find that this framework can account for a substantial portion of the variation in the total fertility rate (TFR) over time and across states. Our estimates focus attention on the critical components of contemporary Indian fertility, especially desired family size, unwanted fertility, son preference, and fertility postponement.
Long‐term outcomes of catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in patients with structural heart disease
Authors: Goya Masahiko , Fukunaga Masato , Hiroshima Ken‐ichi , Hayashi Kentaro , Makihara Yu , Nagashima Michio , An Yoshimori , Ohe Seiji , Yamashita Kennosuke , Ando Kenji , Yokoi Hiroyoshi , Iwabuchi Masashi , Katayama Kouji , Ito Tomoaki , Niu Harushi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is feasible. However, the long‐term outcomes for different underlying diseases have not been well defined.MethodsEighty‐eight consecutive patients who underwent catheter ablation of VT using a three‐dimensional mapping system were analyzed. The primary endpoint was any VT or ventricular fibrillation (VF) recurrence. Secondary endpoints were a composite of death or any VT/VF recurrence. Underlying heart diseases were remote myocardial infarction (remote MI) in 51 patients and non‐ischemic cardiomyopathy in 37 (arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy [ARVC] in 18 patients, and dilated cardiomyopathy [NIDCM] in 19).ResultsAcute success was achieved in 82 of 88 (93%) patients. During a follow‐up period of 39.2±4.6 months, VT recurred in 26 of 87 (30%), and VT/VF recurrence or death occurred in 39 of 87 (45%) patients. ARVC had better outcomes than NIDCM for the primary (p<0.05) and secondary endpoints (p<0.05). Remote MI‐VT revealed a midrange outcome.ConclusionsThe long‐term outcomes after catheter ablation of VT varied according to the underlying heart disease. ARVC‐VT ablation was associated with better long‐term prognosis than NIDCM. Remote MI‐VT demonstrated a midrange outcome.
The Rule of Law in a Chinese Way: Social Diversification and Reconstructing the System of Authority
Authors: JI Weidong 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAgainst the background of increasing social diversification in a market economy, this paper examines the challenges confronting China’s existing power structure and system of authority. Both to overcome the legitimation crisis of ruling and to achieve a soft landing of the political reform depend on reconstructing the authority of the rule of law through judicial reform as the breakthrough point. For this very reason, the top-level design of regime transition can follow a two-step strategy of building a rule of law country first, to be followed by restructuring power, so as to achieve democracy via the rule of law. It also proposes a conception to institutionalize the rule of law, emphasizing that the alternative three-review mechanism is both necessary and feasible, in that a top-level design of judicial review can contribute to our strivings for judicial fairness, an implementation of budget review and accountability review at the grassroots level for fiscal democracy, and the synergy of high-level and grassroots powers for a virtuous circle between the rule of law authority and democratic polity in mutual enhancement. There also comes the moment for plural efforts to both drive and achieve the rule of law based on the three-review mechanism.
DID BABYLONIAN ASTROLOGY INFLUENCE EARLY CHINESE ASTRAL PROGNOSTICATIONXING ZHAN SHU星占術?
Authors: Pankenier David W. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis article examines the question whether aspects of Babylonian astral divination were transmitted to East Asia in the ancient period. An often-cited study by the Assyriologist Carl Bezold claimed to discern significant Mesopotamian influence on early Chinese astronomy and astrology. This study has been cited as authoritative ever since, including by Joseph Needham, although it has never been subjected to careful scrutiny. The present article examines the evidence cited in support of the claim of transmission.
A family of rational maps with buried Julia components
Authors: GODILLON SÉBASTIEN 
Published: July 2014

It is known that the disconnected Julia set of any polynomial map does not contain buried Julia components. But such Julia components may arise for rational maps. The first example is due to Curtis T. McMullen who provided a family of rational maps for which the Julia sets are Cantor of Jordan curves. However, all known examples of buried Julia components, up to now, are points or Jordan curves and comes from rational maps of degree at least five. This paper introduces a family of hyperbolic rational maps with disconnected Julia set whose exchanging dynamics of postcritically separating Julia components is encoded by a weighted dynamical tree. Each of these Julia sets presents buried Julia components of several types: points, Jordan curves, but also Julia components which are neither points nor Jordan curves. Moreover, this family contains some rational maps of degree three with explicit formula that answers a question McMullen raised.
Parabolic-like mappings
Authors: LOMONACO LUNA 
Published: July 2014

In this paper we introduce the notion of parabolic-like mapping. Such an object is similar to a polynomial-like mapping, but it has a parabolic external class, i.e. an external map with a parabolic fixed point. We define the notion of parabolic-like mapping and we study the dynamical properties of parabolic-like mappings. We prove a straightening theorem for parabolic-like mappings which states that any parabolic-like mapping of degree two is hybrid conjugate to a member of the family $$\begin{eqnarray}\mathit{Per}_{1}(1)=\left\{[P_{A}]\,\bigg|\,P_{A}(z)=z+\frac{1}{z}+A,~A\in \mathbb{C}\right\}\!,\end{eqnarray}$$ a unique such member if the filled Julia set is connected.
Classification and rigidity of totally periodic pseudo-Anosov flows in graph manifolds
Authors: BARBOT THIERRY , FENLEY SÉRGIO R. 
Published: July 2014

In this article we analyze totally periodic pseudo-Anosov flows in graph 3-manifolds. This means that in each Seifert fibered piece of the torus decomposition, the free homotopy class of regular fibers has a finite power which is also a finite power of the free homotopy class of a closed orbit of the flow. We show that each such flow is topologically equivalent to one of the model pseudo-Anosov flows which we previously constructed in Barbot and Fenley (Pseudo-Anosov flows in toroidal manifolds.Geom. Topol. 17(2013), 1877–1954). A model pseudo-Anosov flow is obtained by glueing standard neighborhoods of Birkhoff annuli and perhaps doing Dehn surgery on certain orbits. We also show that two model flows on the same graph manifold are isotopically equivalent (i.e. there is a isotopy of$M$mapping the oriented orbits of the first flow to the oriented orbits of the second flow) if and only if they have the same topological and dynamical data in the collection of standard neighborhoods of the Birkhoff annuli.
School feeding contributes to micronutrient adequacy of Ghanaian schoolchildren
Authors: Abizari Abdul-Razak , Buxton Christiana , Kwara Lugutuah , Mensah-Homiah Joseph , Armar-Klemesu Margaret , Brouwer Inge D. 
Published: July 2014

Without gains in nutritional outcomes, it is unlikely that school feeding programmes (SFP) could improve cognition and academic performance of schoolchildren despite the improvements in school enrolment. We compared the nutrient intake adequacy and Fe and nutritional status of SFP and non-SFP participants in a cross-sectional survey involving 383 schoolchildren (aged 5–13 years). Quantitative 24 h recalls and weighed food records, repeated in 20 % subsample, were used to estimate energy and nutrient intakes adjusted for day-to-day variations. The probability of adequacy (PA) was calculated for selected micronutrients and the mean of all PA (MPA) was calculated. The concentrations of Hb, serum ferritin, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and anthropometric measurements were used to determine Fe and nutritional status. Energy and nutrient intakes and their adequacies were significantly higher among SFP participants (P< 0·001). The MPA of micronutrients was significantly higher among SFP participants (0·61 v. 0·18; P< 0·001), and the multiple-micronutrient-fortified corn soya blend was a key contributor to micronutrient adequacy. In SFP participants, 6 g/l higher Hb concentrations (P< 0·001) and about 10 % points lower anaemia prevalence (P= 0·06) were observed. The concentration of sTfR was significantly lower among SFP participants (11·2 v. 124 mg/l; P= 0·04); however, there was no difference in the prevalence of Fe deficiency and Fe-deficiency anaemia between SFP and non-SFP participants. There was also no significant difference in the prevalence of thinness, underweight and stunting. In conclusion, the present results indicate that school feeding is associated with higher intakes and adequacies of energy and nutrients, but not with the prevalence of Fe and nutritional status indicators. The results also indicate an important role for micronutrient-dense foods in the achievement of micronutrient adequacy within SFP.
Promoting a Competitive Local Business Community in Ghana: The Role of the Legal Framework for Public Procurement
Authors: Dagbanja Dominic N 
Published: July 2014

AbstractGhana's Public Procurement Act 2003 was enacted to bring about the judicious, economic and efficient use of state resources, transparency, fairness, and non-discrimination in procurement. The primary objective of the act is best value for money. This article assesses how, beyond being used to achieve its primary objective, the law should be applied to propel the capacity and competitiveness of local businesses in Ghana. It argues that effective implementation of the act can indirectly promote competition and industrial competiveness in Ghana. Therefore, procurement entities must follow the requirements for procurement, both to achieve best value for money and to build and improve upon the capacity of domestic industries. Competition, transparency and restrictions on the application of single-source procurement and restricted tendering can promote and encourage the participation of Ghanaian firms in procurement. This can enhance their capacity and competitiveness in both procurement and other economic activities in Ghana.