bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geometry-Based Models for Studying the Effects of Wind Farm Layout
Authors: Ghaisas Niranjan S. , Archer Cristina L. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractLayout studies are critical in designing large wind farms, since wake effects can lead to significant reductions in power generation. Optimizing wind farm layout using computational fluid dynamics is practically unfeasible today because of their enormous computational requirements. Simple statistical models, based on geometric quantities associated with the wind farm layout, are therefore attractive because they are less demanding computationally. Results of large-eddy simulations of the Lillgrund (Sweden) offshore wind farm are used here to calibrate such geometry-based models. Several geometric quantities (e.g., blockage ratio, defined as the fraction of the swept area of a wind turbine that is blocked by upstream turbines) and their linear combinations are found to correlate very well (correlation coefficient of ~0.95) with the power generated by the turbines. Linear models based on these geometric quantities are accurate at predicting the farm-averaged power and are therefore used here to study layout effects in large wind farms. The layout parameters that are considered include angle between rows and columns, angle between incoming wind and columns (orientation), turbine spacings, and staggering of alternate rows. Each can impact wind power production positively or negatively, and their interplay is complex. The orientation angle is the most critical parameter influencing wake losses, as small changes in it can cause sharp variations in power. In general, for a prevailing wind direction, the orientation angle should be small (7.5°–20°) but not zero; staggering and spacing are beneficial; and nonorthogonal layouts may outperform orthogonal ones. This study demonstrates the utility of simple, inexpensive, and reasonably accurate geometry-based models to identify general principles governing optimal wind farm layout.
Effects of Antenna Patterns on Cloud Radar Polarimetric Measurements
Authors: Myagkov Alexander , Seifert Patric , Wandinger Ulla , Bauer-Pfundstein Matthias , Matrosov Sergey Y. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper presents an experimental analysis of the antenna system effects on polarimetric measurements conducted with cloud radars operating in the linear depolarization ratio (LDR) mode. Amplitude and phase of the copolar and cross-polar antenna patterns are presented and utilized. The patterns of two antennas of different quality were measured at the Hungriger Wolf airport near Hohenlockstedt, Germany, during the period from 28 January to 1 February 2014. For the measurements a test transmitter mounted on a tower and the scanning 35-GHz (Ka band) cloud radar MIRA-35, manufactured by METEK GmbH and operated in the receiving mode, were used. The integrated cross-polarization ratios (ICPR) are calculated for both antennas and compared with those measured in light rain. Correction algorithms for observed LDR and the co-cross-channel correlation coefficient ρ are presented. These algorithms are aimed at removing/mitigating polarization cross-coupling effects that depend on the quality of radar hardware. Thus, corrected LDR and ρ are primarily influenced by scatterer properties. The corrections are based on the decomposition of the coherency matrix of the received signals into fully polarized and nonpolarized components. The correction brings LDR values and the co-cross-channel correlation coefficients from two radars with different antenna systems to a close agreement, thus effectively removing hardware-dependent biases. Uncertainties of the correction are estimated as 3 dB for LDR in the range from −30 to −10 dB. In clouds, the correction of the co-cross-channel correlation coefficient ρ results in near-zero values for both vertically pointed radars.
Young Adult Outcomes and the Life-Course Penalties of Parental Incarceration
Authors: Mears Daniel P. , Siennick Sonja E. 
Published: July 2015

Objectives: The transition to adulthood can be challenging, especially for children of incarcerated parents. Drawing on reentry and life-course scholarship, we argue that parental incarceration may adversely affect multiple life outcomes for children as they progress from adolescence into adulthood and that such effects may persist from early young adulthood into late young adulthood. Methods: The study uses propensity score matching analyses of National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health data ( N = 12,844). Results: Analyses identified harmful effects of parental incarceration on many life domains, including criminal behavior, mental health, illegal drug use, education, earnings, and intimate relationships. These effects typically surfaced by early young adulthood and continued into late young adulthood. Conclusions: The results suggest that parental incarceration constitutes a significant turning point in the lives of young people and underscore the importance of life-course perspectives for understanding incarceration effects. They also illustrate that formal punishment policies may create harms that potentially offset intended benefits.
Long non-coding RNA ROR decoys gene-specific histone methylation to promote tumorigenesis
Authors: Fan Jiayan , Xing Yue , Wen Xuyang , Jia Renbin , Ni Hongyan , He Jie , Ding Xia , Pan Hui , Qian Guanxiang , Ge Shengfang , Hoffman Andrew R. , Zhang He , Fan Xianqun 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Background
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are not translated into proteins and were initially considered to be part of the ‘dark matter’ of the genome. Recently, it has been shown that lncRNAs play a role in the recruitment of chromatin modifying complexes and can influence gene expression. However, it is unknown if lncRNAs function in a similar way in cancer.

Results
Here, we show that the lncRNA ROR occupies and activates the TESC promoter by repelling the histone G9A methyltransferase and promoting the release of histone H3K9 methylation. Suppression of ROR in tumors results in silencing of TESC expression, and G9A-mediated histone H3K9 methylation in the TESC promoter is restored, which significantly reduces tumor growth and metastasis. Without ROR silencing, TESC knockdown presents consistent and significant reductions in tumor progression.

Conclusions
Our results reveal a novel mechanism by which ROR may serve as a decoy oncoRNA that blocks binding surfaces, preventing the recruitment of histone modifying enzymes, thereby specifying a new pattern of histone modifications that promote tumorigenesis.
Optimized threshold calculation for blanking nonlinearity at OFDM receivers based on impulsive noise estimation
Authors: Ali Zehra , Ayaz Ferheen , Park Chang-Soo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractImpulsive noise (IN) degrades the performance of OFDM-based communication systems. Performance degradation is usually measured in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and symbol-error rate (SER). To improve the performance of the system of OFDM receivers, one of the effective methods is to use blanking nonlinearity. In this method, the samples whose magnitudes exceed a certain fixed threshold are considered to be IN-affected and are therefore blanked. A fixed threshold does not always determine the IN-affected samples truly for all probabilities of IN occurrence. This paper proposes an optimized threshold-calculation method for blanking nonlinearity which is based on distribution characteristics of the received signal, i.e., mean, median, and peak. The proposed method can calculate an optimized threshold for all probabilities of impulsive noise occurrence. Simulation results show over 2.2-dB gain in SNR and lower SER by using the proposed method as compared to fixed threshold.
70-kDa heat shock cognate protein expression as a putative biomarker of heavy-metal burden in Mytilus galloprovincialis
Authors: Ratkaj Ivana , Žurga Paula , Bulog Aleksandar , Peter-Katalinić Jasna , Pavelić Sandra Kraljević 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Background
Heavy metals naturally occur in the marine environment and ecosystems. Due to anthropogenic influence they became common waters and coastal regions pollutants in particular where their concentrations remain hazardously high. We therefore tested a protocol for combined analysis of 6 heavy metal (Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, Fe and Hg) concentrations in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis collected from a coastal industrial zone (shipyard locality) and mariculture facilities in combination with expression analysis of multi xenobiotic resistance related genes and stress-related gene (HSC-70).

Findings
In this paper we tested a protocol for heavy-metal levels assessment by use of a highly sensitive analytical method, ICP-OES, combined with expression analysis of multi xenobiotic resistance related genes, including the stress-related gene encoding 70-kDa heat shock cognate protein on mussels (Mytillus Galloprovincialis). Mussels from the shipyard locality had higher heavy metal concentrations, except Fe. Higher metal concentrations did not influence expression of multi xenobiotic resistance related genes with exception of stress-related gene (HSC-70) encoding 70-kDa heat shock cognate protein.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that mussels sampled in the industrial area have increased metal concentrations in comparison with the aquaculture locality, that are accompanied by increased transcript levels of HSC-70.
Preparation of anti-bacterial cellulose fiber via electrospinning and crosslinking with β-cyclodextrin
Authors: Kang Youngwoong , Choi Yong Keun , Kim Hyoung Joo , Song Younghan , Kim Hyungsup 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn the study, we successfully produced electrospun cellulose fibers crosslinked with β-CD. For electrospinning, cellulose was dissolve in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate and DMF was added to the prepared solution for better spinnability. The prepared cellulose fiber was immersed in the solution containing β-CD, crosslinking agent and sodium hypophosphite. In order to understand the effect of a crosslinking agent, two different types of the agents, BTCA (1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid) and citric acid with various concentrations were used for cross-linking. The crosslinking degree was increased with the concentration of the crosslinking agents, for the both agents. The cross-linked web changed into membrane like morphology when the concentration of the cross-linking agent was higher than 5 wt%. The concentration of crosslinking agent also gave influence on the crystallinity, the thermal property and the antibacterial activity of fibers. Due to the cross-linking the crystallinity was decreased. The cross-linked fiber showed selective bacterial behavior according to the bacterial strain and the cross-linking agent.
Retrocardiac lung hernia after thoracic esophagectomy: report of a rare case
Authors: Furutani Akinobu , Niihara Masahiro , Kawamorita Keisuke , Takahashi Shoji , Ohde Yasuhisa , Tsubosa Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
A retrocardiac lung hernia is an extremely rare complication after esophagectomy. A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with advanced middle thoracic esophageal cancer and a giant bulla at the apical portion of the right lung. Since it appeared that dissection of the upper mediastinum would most likely require resection of the right bulla, a two-stage operation for esophageal cancer was planned. During the first-stage operation, thoracic esophagectomy and resection of the right giant bulla were performed. Fourteen days after the first-stage operation, the patient underwent laparotomy as the second-stage operation to reconstruct a narrow gastric tube via a retrosternal route. After the second-stage operation, the inflammatory reaction was prolonged. Therefore, a thoracoabdominal computed tomography scan was performed, showing retrocardiac pulmonary atelectasis. The patient was diagnosed with a retrocardiac left lung hernia in which the left lower lobe was displaced into the right thoracic cavity. Because the inflammatory reaction was due to effects of the lung hernia, a repair operation was performed via a left seventh intercostal thoracotomy. At thoracotomy, the left basal segment of the lung was atelectatic and reddish and had herniated into the right thoracic cavity through an opening between the aorta and pericardium. The herniated lung tip adhered strongly to the subcarina, and synechiotomy was performed. We believe that simultaneous removal of the right giant bulla with esophagectomy was the important cause of this complication.
The Obesity-Linked Gene Nudt3 Drosophila Homolog Aps Is Associated With Insulin Signaling
Authors: Williams Michael J. , Eriksson Anders , Shaik Muksheed , Voisin Sarah , Yamskova Olga , Paulsson Johan , Thombare Ketan , Fredriksson Robert , Schiöth Helgi B. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Several genome-wide association studies have linked the Nudix hydrolase family member nucleoside diphosphate-linked moiety X motif 3 (NUDT3) to obesity. However, the manner of NUDT3 involvement in obesity is unknown, and NUDT3 expression, regulation, and signaling in the central nervous system has not been studied. We performed an extensive expression analysis in mice, as well as knocked down the Drosophila NUDT3 homolog Aps in the nervous system, to determine its effect on metabolism. Detailed in situ hybridization studies in the mouse brain revealed abundant Nudt3 mRNA and protein expression throughout the brain, including reward- and feeding-related regions of the hypothalamus and amygdala, whereas Nudt3 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in the hypothalamus and brainstem of food-deprived mice. Knocking down Aps in the Drosophila central nervous system, or a subset of median neurosecretory cells, known as the insulin-producing cells (IPCs), induces hyperinsulinemia-like phenotypes, including a decrease in circulating trehalose levels as well as significantly decreasing all carbohydrate levels under starvation conditions. Moreover, lowering Aps IPC expression leads to a decreased ability to recruit these lipids during starvation. Also, loss of neuronal Aps expression caused a starvation susceptibility phenotype while inducing hyperphagia. Finally, the loss of IPC Aps lowered the expression of Akh, Ilp6, and Ilp3, genes known to be inhibited by insulin signaling. These results point toward a role for this gene in the regulation of insulin signaling, which could explain the robust association with obesity in humans.
Re-analysis of metagenomic sequences from acute flaccid myelitis patients reveals alternatives to enterovirus D68 infection
Authors: Breitwieser Florian P. , Pardo Carlos A. , Salzberg Steven L. 
Published: July 2015

Metagenomic sequence data can be used to detect the presence of infectious viruses and bacteria, but normal microbial flora make this process challenging. We re-analyzed metagenomic RNA sequence data collected during a recent outbreak of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), caused in some cases by infection with enterovirus D68. We found that among the patients whose symptoms were previously attributed to enterovirus D68, one patient had clear evidence of infection with Haemophilus influenzae, and a second patient had a severe Staphylococcus aureus infection caused by a methicillin-resistant strain. Neither of these bacteria were identified in the original study. These observations may have relevance in cases that present with flaccid paralysis because bacterial infections, co-infections or post-infection immune responses may trigger pathogenic processes that may present as poliomyelitis-like syndromes and may mimic AFM. A separate finding was that large numbers of human sequences were present in each of the publicly released samples, although the original study reported that human sequences had been removed before deposition.
Motivações Para a Internacionalização do Ensino Superior: Um Estudo de Casos Múltiplos em um Sistema de Ensino Superior Confessional Internacional
Authors: Muckenberger Everson , Miura Irene Kazumi 
Published: July 2015

Uma das reações ou respostas das instituições de ensino superior (IES) à globalização tem sido a internacionalização. Há estudos sobre as motivações ou rationales que impulsionam IES públicas e particulares à internacionalização. Porém pouco se sabe sobre as motivações para a internacionalização entre IES confessionais e menos ainda sobre IES confessionais integrantes de sistemas de ensino superior internacionais. Para tanto, foi conduzido um estudo de casos múltiplos de seis IES, localizadas em diferentes regiões do mundo, mantidas por uma mesma denominação religiosa e que, juntamente com outras IES, compõem um sistema de ensino superior confessional internacional, denominado de Sistema Σ. As motivações identificadas confirmam parcialmente as rationales propostas por Knight (2004 e 2008), porém também foram identificadas motivações especificamente denominacionais. Quanto às motivações em nível de sistema, também se assemelham às motivações denominacionais.
Effects of instruction based on realistic mathematics education on mathematics achievement: A meta-analysis study<p>Gerçekçi matematik eğitimi destekli öğretimin matematik başarısına etkisi: Bir meta-analiz çalışması
Authors: Kaplan Abdullah , Duran Murat , Doruk Muhammet , Öztürk Mesut 
Published: July 2015

<p>The purpose of this research is to determine the overall effect of instruction based on realistic mathematics education on mathematics achievement. The Meta-Analysis method recently increased in popularity in the field of educational science is used to accomplish this goal. Some criterions have been put in the determination of the study included in the survey and 12 national thesis in accordance with these criterions constituted the sample of this study. Process effectiveness method of meta-analysis is used in the analysis of data and Hedges’s g is used in the calculation of effect size of the study. At the end of the study, realistic mathematics education has an overall, positive and moderate effect on the mathematics achievement (Q = 16.406; p = 0.127). Howewer, the distribution of the effect sizes of the studies included in the survey are found to be homogeneous. At the end of the Z test carried out for the purpose of statistical significance, the value of effect size is observed statistically significant (Z = 7.966; p &lt;0.05). The number of error protection is calculated 91 study to determine the publication bias of the study according to Orwin’s method. According to Orwin’s Fail Safe-N, the research could not have publication bias.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Bu araştırmanın amacı gerçekçi matematik eğitiminin matematik başarısı üzerindeki genel etkisini belirlemektir. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için eğitim bilimleri alanında yakın zamanda popülerliği artan meta-analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya dâhil edilecek çalışmaların belirlenmesinde bazı kriterler belirlenmiş ve bu kriterlere uygun olan 12 ulusal tez bu araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Verilerin analizinde işlem etkililiği meta analizi yöntemi kullanılmış olup araştırmaların etki büyüklüklerinin hesaplanmasında Hedges’s g kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda gerçekçi matematik eğitiminin matematik başarısı üzerinde genel olarak, pozitif yönde ve orta düzeyde (Q= 16.406; p= 0.127) etkiye sahip olduğu ve araştırmaya dâhil edilen çalışmaların etki büyüklükleri dağılımının homojen olduğu görülmüştür. İstatistiksel anlamlılık amacıyla yapılan Z testi sonunda etki büyüklüğü değerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür (Z=7.966; p&lt;0.05). Araştırmanın yayın yanlılığını test etmek amacıyla Orwin’in yöntemine göre hata koruma sayısı 91 hesaplanmıştır. Bulunan bu değere göre çalışmanın yayın yanlılığına sahip olmadığı söylenebilir.</p>
Simulative analysis of different modulation formats for RoF Transmission System
Authors: Singh Kulwinder , Bhatia Kamaljit Singh , Ryait Hardeep Singh , Kaur Amandeep 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper has represented the operating conditions for radio-over-fiber (RoF) transmission system such as Q factor, received optical power and BER at different fiber lengths. This paper also investigated optical loss, optical power spectrum and electrical power spectrum at different frequencies for different modulation formats and optical loss at different radio frequencies for varying fiber length.
Euprolactinemic galactorrhea secondary to domperidone treatment
Authors: Demir Arzu Meltem , Kuloglu Zarife , Berberoglu Merih , Kansu Aydan 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMilk leakage from the breast, which is known as galactorrhea, can be caused by a number of pharmacological, physical, and tumoral factors. Galactorrhea is a well-known side effect of domperidone, and is usually associated with hyperprolactinemia. However, euprolactinemic galactorrhea secondary to domperidone is very rarely seen and has yet to be reported in children before. Here, we report an adolescent with euprolactinemic galactorrhea caused by domperidone.
Novel mutations of DAX1 (NR0B1) in two Chinese families with X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Authors: Qin Guijun , Ji Hongfei , Li Xialian , Ma Xiaokun , Wang Danping 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the DAX1 (NR0B1) (dosage-sensitive sex reversal-adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC) critical region on the X chromosome gene 1) gene in two Chinese families with AHC and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (HHG).

Patients and methods: Two families with 4 affected males, 5 carrier females, and 4 unaffected males were investigated. Sequencing of the entire 1413-bp coding region of DAX1 (NR0B1) gene was performed in both patients and their family members.

Results: Two different novel DAX1 (NR0B1) mutations located within exon 1, an insertional mutation at codon 35 leading to a frameshift and a premature stop at codon 46, and a deletion mutation at codon 331 leading to a frameshift and a premature stop at codon 371 were detected. The mothers and sisters of the patients were heterozygotes for the mutations, while their fathers did not carry the mutations.

Conclusions: Two novel DAX1 (NR0B1) mutations were detected in two Chinese families. These data indicate that molecular analysis of the DAX1 (NR0B1) gene is important for the diagnosis and genetic counseling of children with primary adrenal insufficiency.
Antenatal Bartter syndrome presenting as hyperparathyroidism with hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria: a case report and review
Authors: Gross Itai , Siedner-Weintraub Yael , Simckes Ari , Gillis David 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAntenatal type I Bartter syndrome (ABS) is usually identified by the presence of polyhydramnios, premature delivery, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypercalciuria, and nephrocalcinosis caused by mutations in the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2)-encoding
Randomized clinical trial evaluating metformin versus oral contraceptive pills in the treatment of adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Al-Zubeidi Hiba , Klein Karen O. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPolycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by irregular menses, elevated androgens, and insulin resistance. Little information is published about the treatment of adolescent PCOS.The aim of this study was to evaluate metformin versus oral contraceptive pills (OCP) in treating adolescent PCOS. Twenty-two girls were randomized to either treatment for 6 months. The outcomes variables included body mass index (BMI) and free testosterone (FT).BMI decreased in all patients (metformin p=0.004, OCP p=0.045). FT decreased significantly only with OCP. Insulin resistance measures decreased in all patients but did not reach significance. The only significant difference in any of the variables between the two groups was number of menses. BMI and FT remained less than baseline for 3 months off treatment.Metformin and OCP have a positive effect on BMI, which persists after treatment is discontinued. FT decreased with both treatments, but only reached significance with OCP.