bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microfluidics for rapid detection of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation for intraoperative application
Authors: Aibaidula Abudumijiti , Zhao Wang , Wu Jin-song , Chen Hong , Shi Zhi-feng , Zheng Lu-lu , Mao Ying , Zhou Liang-fu , Sui Guo-dong 
Published: November 2015

OBJECT
Conventional methods for isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) detection, such as DNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry, are time- and labor-consuming and cannot be applied for intraoperative analysis. To develop a new approach for rapid analysis of IDH1 mutation from tiny tumor samples, this study used microfluidics as a method for IDH1 mutation detection.

METHODS
Forty-seven glioma tumor samples were used; IDH1 mutation status was investigated by immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. The microfluidic device was fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane following standard soft lithography. The immunoanalysis was conducted in the microfluidic chip. Fluorescence images of the on-chip microcolumn taken by the charge-coupled device camera were collected as the analytical results readout. Fluorescence signals were analyzed by NIS-Elements software to gather detailed information about the IDH1 concentration in the tissue samples.

RESULTS
DNA sequencing identified IDH1 R132H mutation in 33 of 47 tumor samples. The fluorescence signal for IDH1-mutant samples was 5.49 ± 1.87 compared with 3.90 ± 1.33 for wild type (p = 0.005). Thus, microfluidics was capable of distinguishing IDH1-mutant tumor samples from wild-type samples. When the cutoff value was 4.11, the sensitivity of microfluidics was 87.9% and the specificity was 64.3%.

CONCLUSIONS
This new approach was capable of analyzing IDH1 mutation status of tiny tissue samples within 30 minutes using intraoperative microsampling. This approach might also be applied for rapid pathological diagnosis of diffuse gliomas, thus guiding personalized resection.
Intraoperative mapping during repeat awake craniotomy reveals the functional plasticity of adult cortex
Authors: Southwell Derek G. , Hervey-Jumper Shawn L. , Perry David W. , Berger Mitchel S. 
Published: November 2015

OBJECT
To avoid iatrogenic injury during the removal of intrinsic cerebral neoplasms such as gliomas, direct electrical stimulation (DES) is used to identify cortical and subcortical white matter pathways critical for language, motor, and sensory function. When a patient undergoes more than 1 brain tumor resection as in the case of tumor recurrence, the use of DES provides an unusual opportunity to examine brain plasticity in the setting of neurological disease.

METHODS
The authors examined 561 consecutive cases in which patients underwent DES mapping during surgery forglioma resection. “Positive” and “negative” sites—discrete cortical regions where electrical stimulation did (positive) or did not (negative) produce transient sensory, motor, or language disturbance—were identified prior to tumor resection and documented by intraoperative photography for categorization into functional maps. In this group of 561 patients, 18 were identified who underwent repeat surgery in which 1 or more stimulation sites overlapped with those tested during the initial surgery. The authors compared intraoperative sensory, motor, or language mapping results between initial and repeat surgeries, and evaluated the clinical outcomes for these patients.

RESULTS
A total of 117 sites were tested for sensory (7 sites, 6.0%), motor (9 sites, 7.7%), or language (101 sites, 86.3%) function during both initial and repeat surgeries. The mean interval between surgical procedures was 4.1 years. During initial surgeries, 95 (81.2%) of 117 sites were found to be negative and 22 (18.8%) of 117 sites were found to be positive. During repeat surgeries, 103 (88.0%) of 117 sites were negative and 14 (12.0%) of 117 were positive. Of the 95 sites that were negative at the initial surgery, 94 (98.9%) were also negative at the repeat surgery, while 1 (1.1%) site was found to be positive. Of the 22 sites that were initially positive, 13 (59.1%) remained positive at repeat surgery, while 9 (40.9%) had become negative for function. Overall, 6 (33.3%) of 18 patients exhibited loss of function at 1 or more motor or language sites between surgeries. Loss of function at these sites was not associated with neurological impairment at the time of repeat surgery, suggesting that neurological function was preserved through neural circuit reorganization or activation of latent functional pathways.

CONCLUSIONS
The adult central nervous system reorganizes motor and language areas in patients with glioma. Ultimately, adult neural plasticity may help to preserve motor and language function in the presence of evolving structural lesions. The insight gained from this subset of patients has implications for our understanding of brain plasticity in clinical settings.
Prevalence and association of visual functional deficits with lesion characteristics and functional neurological deficits in patients with stroke
Authors: Niwa Sayoko , Shimodozono Megumi , Kawahira Kazumi 
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND: Stroke frequently induces visual problems, which impair activities of daily living, lead to falls, and require rehabilitation. However, visual dysfunction has not been well characterized in stroke. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to characterize visual function in patients with stroke and the association of these characteristics with neurological dysfunction and lesion hemisphere. METHODS: In 40 patients with stroke and 321 control subjects, we carried out an assessment of a broad panel of visual and neurological functional metrics to identify risk factors for specific visual impairments in stroke. RESULTS: Patients with stroke exhibited a significantly higher rate of occurrence for impairments in all visual metrics assessed, when compared to healthy controls. Risk for particular visual deficits varied according to lesion side (right versus left hemisphere) and specific types of neurological dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Detailed assessment of visual function in patients with stroke can help to clarify the risk of various types of visual impairment. Moreover, as visual function assessment in patients with stroke is difficult, knowledge of the correlation of visual impairments with different neurological dysfunctions observed in stroke and lesion side will help predict vision problems and inform optimal corrective measures in treating patients with stroke.
Language and cognitive communication during post-traumatic amnesia: A critical synthesis
Authors: Steel Joanne , Ferguson Alison , Spencer Elizabeth , Togher Leanne 
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND: There is minimal speech pathology literature on communication presentation during post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) and the early recovery period after traumatic brain injury. While a body of research reports on other cognitive and behavioural functions during PTA, language and/or cognitive communication are not routinely the primary focus of current research literature. OBJECTIVE: This critical synthesis provides an overview of research to date on communication during PTA to inform speech pathology assessment practice and to assist with information provision to the multidisciplinary team and family members. METHODS: A search was conducted of studies reporting on language, cognition, and cognitive communication during the acute, inpatient and early recovery period after TBI. These were examined for relevance to speech pathology practice during PTA and acute confusional state. RESULTS: Historic and recent literature has described types of language and communication impairment during PTA and early recovery after TBI. Recently, aspects of communication impairment during PTA have been found relevant for outcome prediction. Few studies were found originating from speech pathology on communication during PTA. CONCLUSIONS: Communication disruption forms a key feature of PTA. Existing literature indicates that speech pathology monitoring of communication during PTA may be of benefit as part of multidisciplinary team management during early recovery.
Immediate effects of adding mental practice to physical practice on the gait of individuals with Parkinson’s disease: Randomized clinical trial
Authors: Santiago Lorenna Marques de Melo , de Oliveira Daniel Antunes , de Macêdo Ferreira Louise Gabriella Lopes , de Brito Pinto Hyanne Yasmim , Spaniol Ana Paula , de Lucena Trigueiro Larissa Coutinho , Ribeiro Tatiana Souza , de Sousa Angélica Vieira Cavalcanti , Piemonte Maria Elisa Pimentel , Lindquist Ana Raquel Rodrigues 
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND: Mental practice has shown benefits in the rehabilitation of neurological patients, however, there is no evidence of immediate effects on gait of individuals with Parkinson’s disease. OBJECTIVE: Determine the effects of mental practice activity added to physical practice on the gait of individuals with Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease (IPD). METHODS: 20 patients classified with stage 2 and 3, according to the Hoehn and Yahr scale were randomized into 2 groups. The experimental group ( N = 10) was submitted to a single session of mental practice and physical practice gait protocol and the control group ( N = 10) only to physical practice. The primary outcomes were stride length and total stance and swing time. Secondary outcomes were hip range of motion, velocity and mobility. Subjects were reassessed 10 minutes, 1 day and 7 days after the end of the session. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. An intragroup difference was observed in velocity, stride length, hip range of motion, and mobility, as well as total stance and swing time. These results were also observed on follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS: Mental practice did not have a greater effect on the gait of individuals with IPD than physical practice, after a single session.
La correspondance de la noblesse russe dans la deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle : typologie et évolution du genre
Authors: Marasinova Elena 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The use of epistolary in-betweenness in Ivan Turgenev' s correspondence
Ivan Turgenev 's correspondence was instrumental in defining the writer's position as an artist in 19th-century Russian society. This position lies somewhere in- between the private and public spheres, as epistolarity is both the place to communicate with people from one's close circle and the space where Turgenev tries to adress the reading public, which the author sees as a possible ally against an increasingly hostile press. The paper concentrates on the years 1867-1872, between the publication of Smoke and Torrents of Spring.
Selection on pollen and pistil traits during pollen competition is affected by both sexual conflict and mixed mating in a self‐compatible herb
Authors: Lankinen Åsa , Smith Henrik G. , Andersson Stefan , Madjidian Josefin A. 
Published: November 2015

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Although much attention has focused on the diversity of plant mating systems, only a few studies have considered the joint effects of mating system and sexual conflict in plant evolution. In mixed‐mating Collinsia heterophylla, a sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivity is proposed: pollen with a capacity to induce early onset of stigma receptivity secures paternity for early‐arriving pollen (at the expense of reduced maternal seed set), whereas late onset of stigma receptivity mitigates the negative effects of early‐arriving pollen. Here we investigated whether selection on pollen and pistil traits involved in sexual conflict is affected by the presence of both outcross‐ and self‐pollen (mixed mating) during pollen competition.METHODS:We conducted two‐donor crosses at different floral developmental stages to explore male fitness (siring ability) and female fitness (seed set) in relation to male and female identity, pollen and pistil traits, and type of competitor pollen (outcross vs. self).KEY RESULTS:Late‐fertilizing pollen rather than rapidly growing pollen tubes was most successful in terms of siring success, especially in competition with self‐pollen after pollination at early floral stages. Late stigma receptivity increased seed set after early‐stage pollinations, in agreement with selection against antagonistic pollen.CONCLUSIONS:Selection on pollen and pistil traits in C. heterophylla is affected by both sexual conflict and mixed mating, suggesting the importance of jointly considering these factors in plant evolution.
Quand les occupants défilent avec les occupés. Étude d’une coopération paradoxale entre militants israéliens et palestiniens
Authors: Lamarche Karine 
Published: November 2015

En prenant pour objet l’étude de la coopération entre des Palestiniens vivant sous occupation israélienne et des Israéliens engagés à leurs côtés, cet article s’intéresse à la question des rapports de domination traversant les mobilisations collectives. Plusieurs travaux de sociologie des mouvements sociaux se sont penchés sur l’effet des hiérarchies sociales sur les pratiques militantes et ont souligné les difficultés que peuvent avoir, à lutter ensemble, des acteurs inégalement dotés et prenant des risques différents sur le terrain. Dans le cas présent, les Israéliens qui rejoignent les Palestiniens dans leur lutte sont indirectement responsables du sort de ces derniers et restent, malgré eux, des occupants. Comment éviter, dès lors, que l’espace militant ne devienne un espace de reproduction des rapports de domination déjà à l’œuvre ?
Straylight Measurements in Two Different Apodized Diffractive Multifocal Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Lapid-Gortzak Ruth , Labuz Grzegorz , van der Meulen Ivanka J. , van der Linden Jan Willem , Mourits M. P. , van den Berg Tom J. 
Published: November 2015

PURPOSE:
To evaluate differences in straylight between eyes implanted with a hydrophilic multifocal IOL (Seelens MF; Hanita Lenses, Hanita, Israel) and a hydrophobic multifocal IOL (SN6AD1; Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX).

METHODS:
In a prospective cohort study, routinely obtained straylight measurements (C-Quant; Oculus Optikgeräte, Wetzlar, Germany) 3 months after standard phacoemulsification for either cataract or refractive lens procedures were compared. Patients were implanted with either the SeeLens MF IOL or the SN6AD1 IOL. Postoperative straylight values, visual acuity, and refractive outcomes were compared.

RESULTS:

The SeeLens MF IOL was implanted in 84 eyes and the SN6AD1 IOL in 79 eyes. The difference in straylight was 0.08 (
P
= .01), with the SeeLens MF IOL having less straylight. Postoperative CDVA was logMAR −0.03 ± 0.06 in the SeeLens MF group, and logMAR −0.02 ± 0.08 in the SN6AD1 group. Mean postoperative refraction was +0.01 ± 0.43 and +0.06 ± 0.35 D, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
The Seelens MF IOL showed a stray-light of log(s) 0.08 lower than the SN6AD1 IOL. In terms of spherical equivalent and visual acuity the lenses performed equally. More study will aid in understanding the causes and clinical impact of this difference.

[
J Refract Surg.
2015;31(11):746–751.]
Comparison of Three Epithelial Removal Techniques in PRK: Mechanical, Alcohol-assisted, and Transepithelial Laser
Authors: Shapira Yinon , Mimouni Michael , Levartovsky Shmuel , Varssano David , Sela Tzahi , Munzer Gur , Kaiserman Igor 
Published: November 2015

PURPOSE:
To compare the visual and refractive results obtained after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in patients who underwent one of three different epithelial removal techniques.

METHODS:
The authors reviewed the medical files of consecutive eyes with myopia and myopic astigmatism that were treated during a 10-year period by mechanical PRK, alcohol-assisted PRK, or transepithelial PRK (in the phototherapeutic keratectomy mode), and observed for more than 1 year.

RESULTS:

A total of 3,417 patients (3,417 eyes) were included in this study. At 3 and 6 months postoperatively, the outcome of alcohol-assisted PRK was superior both in efficacy (
P
< .01) and safety (
P
< .001) to those of both mechanical PRK and transepithelial PRK, which were similar. At more than 1 year postoperatively, the mean efficacy index was still high for alcohol-assisted PRK, but low for the transepithelial PRK, corresponding to a mean uncorrected visual acuity of more than one Snellen line lower than those of the other two techniques (
P
< .0001). All three techniques showed a regression toward myopia more than 1 year postoperatively, with significant undercorrection obtained in eyes treated with transepithelial PRK (
P
< .0001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Significant differences were detected in both the visual outcomes and the refractive results of the three epithelial removal techniques. The long-term outcomes were best for alcohol-assisted PRK.

[
J Refract Surg.
2015;31(11):760–766.]
Rotational Stability and Patient Satisfaction after Implantation of a New Toric IOL
Authors: Gyöngyössy Balazs , Jirak Paul , Schönherr Ulrich 
Published: November 2015

Purpose To evaluate rotational stability, astigmatism correction, visual outcomes, and patient satisfaction after implantation of the toric intraocular lens (IOL) Torica-aA following cataract extraction over a 6-month follow-up period. Methods This prospective observational study enrolled 40 eyes of 26 patients presenting with preexisting corneal astigmatism of 1.00 to 2.60 D. The rotational stability of the IOL was evaluated using retroillumination photographs taken within 24 hours after surgery and 1 week and 6 months postoperatively. Other main study outcomes were assessed 6 months postoperatively and included uncorrected and distance-corrected visual acuities, astigmatism correction, and patient satisfaction. Results Six months postoperatively, mean absolute IOL rotation was 1.99 ± 1.88° (range 0.10-7.40°) and secondary repositioning was not required. The IOL rotation was <3° in 85% of eyes, ≤5° in 94% of eyes, and <8° in 100% of eyes. Mean residual refractive cylinder was −0.57 ± 0.34 D. The magnitude of the J0 vector was significantly decreased postoperatively (p<0.0001). The mean J45 vector was close to zero preoperatively and postoperatively (p = 0.27). Mean monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was 0.09 ± 0.12 logMAR and 97% of eyes achieved UDVA of 20/40 or better including 66% of eyes having 20/25 or better. The good UDVA resulted in high levels of spectacle independence and patient satisfaction. Conclusions Implantation of the Torica-aA IOL was safe and effective in reducing low to moderate preexisting corneal astigmatism and provided good rotational stability and refractive outcomes, which led to a high degree of patient satisfaction.
Late Opacification of a Hydrophilic Acrylic Intraocular Lens in Europe
Authors: Mojzis Peter , Studeny Pavel , Werner Liliana , Piñero David P. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose To describe the clinical and microscopic findings in 2 different patients of 2 cases of late opacification of the hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) Ioflex. Methods Two eyes of 2 patients (73 and 74 years old) had an uneventful phacoemulsification surgery with implantation of the Ioflex IOL (power +21.5 D). At 5 years after surgery, a dense IOL opacification was detected in both cases with significant visual degradation. The IOLs were explanted and analyzed by microscopy. Results In both cases, a satisfactory visual recovery was achieved (corrected distance visual acuity of 6/9 and 6/12). Microscopic examination of the explanted IOLs revealed multiple small granules on the surface/subsurface of the lens. Although histochemical or surface analyses were not performed, the aspect appears consistent with a process of calcification of this lens design. Other findings included few surface contaminants, such as fibers, crystals that may correspond to dry viscoelastic and/or salt solutions, as well as pigments and dust-like deposits. Conclusions Opacification of the posterior chamber hydrophilic acrylic IOL Ioflex probably related to calcification can appear several years after its implantation and requires IOL exchange due to the significant visual loss induced. More studies are required to understand the causes of this complication.
In vitro Evaluation of a Novel Pulsatile Right Heart Assist Device - the Perkat System
Authors: Kretzschmar Daniel , Lauten Alexander , Ferrari Markus W. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose Acute right ventricular failure is a life-threatening condition with poor prognosis. It occurs as a result of right ventricular infarction, postcardiac transplantation, or postimplantation of a left ventricular assist device. Temporary mechanical right ventricular support could be a reasonable treatment option. Therefore, we developed a novel percutaneously implantable device. Methods The PERKAT device consists of a self-expandable chamber covered with multiple inflow valves carrying foils. A flexible outlet tube with a pigtail tip is attached to the distal end. PERKAT is designed for percutaneous implantation through the femoral vein (18 French sheath). The chamber is expanded in the inferior vena cava while the outlet tube bypasses the right heart and the pigtail tip is lying in the pulmonary trunk. An IABP balloon is inserted into the chamber and connected to an IABP console. Balloon deflation generates blood flow from the vena cava into the chamber through the foil valves. During inflation blood is pumped through the tube into the pulmonary arteries. Results In vitro experiments were performed using 30 mL and 40 mL IABP balloons. IABP inflation/deflation times were set to 80, 90, 100, and 110 per min with an afterload of 22 mmHg and 44 mmHg. PERKAT generated flow rates between 1.6 to 3.1 l/min, depending on balloon size, pump cycle, and afterload. Conclusions The novel percutaneously implantable right ventricular assist device offers emergency support of up to 3 l/min. Based on the successful in vitro evaluation, we recommend the system as a promising approach for treatment of patients in need of RV support.
MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Renal Cell Carcinoma and Their Diagnostic and Prognostic Utility as Cancer Biomarkers
Authors: Fedorko Michal , Pacik Dalibor , Wasserbauer Roman , Juracek Jaroslav , Varga Gabriel , Ghazal Motasem , Nussir Mohamed I. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose To provide information about the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and their diagnostic and prognostic utility as cancer biomarkers. Methods A literature search was performed in the PubMed and Web of Science databases using the keywords “renal cancer/renal cell carcinoma/kidney cancer” and “miR*/miRNA*/microRNA*”. Articles dealing with the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of RCC, diagnostic miRNAs and prognostic miRNAs were separated. Results MiRNAs act both as oncogenes and tumor suppressors. They regulate apoptosis, cell growth, migration, invasion, proliferation, colony formation and angiogenesis through target proteins involved in several signaling pathways, and they are involved in key pathogenetic mechanisms such as hypoxia (HIF/VHL dependent) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Differentially expressed miRNAs can discriminate either tumor tissue from healthy renal tissue or different RCC subtypes. Circulating miRNAs are promissing as diagnostic biomarkers of RCC. Information about urinary miRNAs associated with RCC is sparse. Detection of a relapse is another implication of diagnostic miRNAs. The expression profiles of several miRNAs correlate with the prognosis of RCC patients. Comparison between primary tumor tissue and metastasis may help identify high-risk primary tumors. Finally, response to target therapy can be estimated thanks to differences in miRNA expression in tissue and serum of therapy-resistant versus therapy-sensitive patients. Conclusions Our understanding of the role of microRNAs in RCC pathogenesis has been increasing dramatically. Identification and validation of their gene targets may have direct impact on developing microRNA-based anticancer therapy. Several microRNAs can serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.