bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutual Destabilization of Wide Bandgap Perovskite and PbI2 Inclusions through Interface Carrier Trapping
Authors: Zhou Yang , Wong E Laine , Folpini Giulia , Zanolini Martina , Jiménez‐López Jesús , Treglia Antonella , Petrozza Annamaria 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLead halide perovskites (LHPs) are promising for versatile optoelectronic applications due to their tunable bandgap, but their photoinstability impedes the development. Lead iodide (PbI2) inclusions are commonly seen in LHPs, either formed during the fabrication of the thin film or during its degradation under external stimuli like heat and illumination. Here It is shown how the coexistence of these different phases mutually boost their photodegradation. It is demonstrated that the photodecomposition of PbI2 to form I2, and the photo‐induced halide segregation and decomposition of the mixed I─Br perovskite are both accelerated when they are interfaced. Such a mutual destabilization originates from the nature of PbI2, both because it is rich in hole traps whose energy level spreads within the bandgap of perovskite and because it has a loose layered structure. Thus it becomes a sink for both photocarriers (holes) and ions (A‐site cations and halides) transferred from the perovskite, respectively. It is shown that consistently reducing the PbI2 inclusions in the mixed I─Br perovskite thin film improves the solar cell stability substantially, extending, in the model devices, the operational time from ≈10 to 500 h under illumination.
Multi‐Modal Melt‐Processing of Birefringent Cellulosic Materials for Eco‐Friendly Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Li Xinkai , Qiu Xiaoyan , Yang Xin , Zhou Peng , Guo Quanquan , Zhang Xinxing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUbiquitous anti‐counterfeiting materials with a rapidly rising annual consumption (over 1010 m2) can pose a serious environmental burden. Biobased cellulosic materials with birefringence offer attractive sustainable alternatives, but their scalable solvent‐free processing remain challenging. Here, a dynamic chemical modification strategy is proposed for multi‐modal melt‐processing of birefringent cellulosic materials for eco‐friendly anti‐counterfeiting. Relying on the thermal‐activated dynamic covalent‐locking of the spatial topological structure of preferred oriented cellulose, the strategy balances the contradiction between the strong confinement of long‐range ordered structures and the molecular motility required for entropically‐driven reconstruction. Equipped with customizable processing forms including mold‐pressing, spinning, direct‐ink‐writing, and blade‐coating, the materials exhibit a wide color gamut, self‐healing efficiency (94.5%), recyclability, and biodegradability. Moreover, the diversified flexible elements facilitate scalable fabrication and compatibility with universal processing techniques, thereby enabling versatile and programmable anti‐counterfeiting. The strategy is expected to provide references for multi‐modal melt‐processing of cellulose and promote sustainable innovation in the anti‐counterfeiting industry.
A novel porous liquid for enhanced CO2 uptake to improve conversion efficiency
Authors: Jin Dongyu , Ge Wenyu , Zhou Zhiyong , Tu Yuming , Du Chenchan , Ren Zhongqi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPorous liquids (PLs) with unique porous frameworks and good flow properties can achieve coupling enhancement for CO2 capture and conversion. In this paper, a series of novel PLs were designed and synthesized using UiO‐66 as the framework and novel bi‐cationic ionic liquids (ILs) as an excluded solvent. The prepared PLs showed significant improvement in CO2 uptake capacity over ILs at different pressures and exhibited excellent CO2 catalytic conversion performance, exceeding the sum of the effects of ILs and UiO‐66. Especially at low pressure, the PLs still showed excellent catalytic performance, but the catalytic performance of the corresponding ILs was significantly reduced, which was due to the rapid adsorption and conversion of CO2 by the porous framework of UiO‐66 to improve the CO2 uptake and transfer efficiency within the ILs, thus achieving coupling enhancement. It can provide a new way to realize the efficient conversion of CO2 under milder conditions.
Proton‐Enriched Alginate–Graphene Hydrogel Microreactor for Enhanced Hydrogen Peroxide Photosynthesis
Authors: He Chun , Lei Juying , Li Xiang , Shen Ziyun , Wang Lingzhi , Zhang Jinlong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEfficient synthesis of H2O2 via photocatalytic oxygen reduction without sacrificial agents is challenging due to inadequate proton supply from water and difficulty in maintaining O−O bond during O2 activation. Herein, we developed a straightforward strategy involving a proton‐rich hydrogel cross‐linked by metal ions [M(n)], which is designed to facilitate the selective production of H2O2 through proton relay and metal ion‐assisted detachment of crucial intermediates. The hydrogel comprises CdS/graphene and alginate cross‐linked by metal ions via O=C−O−M(n) bonds. Efficient O2 reduction and hydrogenation occurred, benefitting from the collaboration between proton‐rich alginate and the photocatalytically active CdS/graphene. Meanwhile, the O=C−O−M(n) bonds enhance the electron density of α‐carbon sites on graphene, crucial for O2 activation and *OOH intermediate detachment, preventing deeper O−O bond cleavage. The role of metal ions in promoting *OOH desorption was demonstrated through Lewis acidity‐dependent activity, with Y(III) having the highest activity, followed by Lu(III), La(III), and Ca(II).
A Versatile Reversible, Degenerative Chain Transfer Mechanism for the Catalytic Living Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization
Authors: Mandal Indradip , Kilbinger Andreas F. M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMost metathesis polymers based on norbornene derivatives carry a vinyl end group. Here we show that these vinyl end groups readily undergo a degenerative exchange of the terminal methylene unit in the presence of sub‐stoichiometric amounts of a propagating metathesis polymer carrying a Grubbs ruthenium complex. We show that this degenerative exchange can be exploited in synthesizing ROMP polymers in a catalytic living fashion. Chain transfer agents based on styrene, or monosubstituted conjugated 1,3 diene derivatives are used as initiating sites for the catalytic living polymerization. Suitable derivatives of these chain transfer agents not only allow the linear living growth of polymers but also the synthesis of block copolymers from macro‐initiators or star polymers from multi‐functional chain transfer agents. This reversible exchange mechanism offers a cheaper, greener, and more sustainable alternative for the synthesis of living ROMP polymers compared to the classical synthetic route.
Half‐Curcumin‐Based Chemiluminescence Probes and Their Applications in Detecting Quasi‐Stable Oxidized Proteins
Authors: Yang Jun , Zhu Biyue , Zhang Jing , Liang Steven H. , Shen Shiqian , Ran Chongzhao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNumerous methods have been reported for detecting ROS/RNS in vitro and in vivo; however, detecting methods for the secondary products of the reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) reactions, particularly quasi‐stable oxidized products, have been much less explored. In this report, we observed that half‐curcumins could generate chemiluminescence (CL). In contrast to other chemiluminescence scaffolds, the distinguishing feature of a half‐curcumin is the formation of a carbanion intermediate of its acetylacetone moiety, opening unique avenues for applications. In this study, we designed a series of half‐curcumins CRANAD‐Xs and found that CRANAD‐164 could be used to detect quasi‐stable oxidized proteins (QSOP) in vivo and in patient serum samples. We illustrated that CRANAD‐164 could be used to monitor the responses of taurine, an amino acid with newly reported anti‐aging capacity, in an inflammatory mouse model. Remarkably, we further demonstrated that the QSOP levels were much higher in the disease serum samples, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), compared to the samples from healthy controls. Moreover, our results revealed that the sera chemiluminescence intensities were higher in aged healthy controls compared to young healthy subjects, suggesting that CRANAD‐164 can be used to monitor the increase of QSOP during aging.
Thermal Analysis of Evapotranspiration in Cultivated Fields for the Detection of Archaeological Anomalies
Authors: Ciccone Gabriele 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTArchaeological aerial thermography has traditionally focused on bare ground terrain; however, recent developments in drone technology have prompted a reconsideration of thermal analysis on cultivated fields. This study investigates three different sites using drones equipped with thermal, RGB and multispectral sensors to identify archaeological anomalies. This research challenges the traditional focus of thermal cameras on vegetation‐free terrains by investigating cultivated land, where the perceived temperature is influenced by evapotranspiration—a combination of soil evaporation and vegetation transpiration. While agricultural studies have emphasized the ability of thermal sensors to detect varying temperatures in irrigated vegetation, archaeology has mainly used multispectral sensors for vegetated land. The study shows that in wheat‐covered fields, thermal analysis outperforms multispectral and RGB sensors in detecting anomalies associated with archaeological features. Unexpectedly, optimal anomaly detection occurs during mid‐morning and mid‐afternoon flights, challenging traditional ideas about the timing of thermal analysis. The research highlights the need for renewed interest in the use of thermal cameras for archaeological anomaly detection in cultivated fields. However, further comparative studies between thermal and multispectral analyses on different sites are essential to establish the wider effectiveness of thermal sensors. This study challenges established notions of archaeological aerial thermography and argues for a re‐evaluation of sensor selection and flight timing to improve the detection of archaeological features in cultivated fields.
A nation divided: A qualitative exploration of Australians' attitudes towards the date of Australia Day
Authors: Boorman Alice , Webb Stephanie , Potter Rachael , Mortimer‐Royle Eliza 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAustralia Day continues to be a divisive event in Australia. The contentious public holiday currently falls on January 26, a date which marks the beginning of colonisation in Australia and the subsequent persecution of Australian First Nations peoples. Despite the date's controversial historical ties, some Australians remain in support of ‘saving the date’. The current study aimed to deepen understanding of Australians' thoughts and opinions regarding Australia Day, including their reasons in support of changing or saving the January 26 date. Responses from 208 Australian citizens, collected via a national survey, were thematically examined. While analysis confirmed a division in attitudes towards Australia Day, greater support for date change was found among younger Australians. The current study applies and extends Social Identity Theory, identifying key themes which were linked to support for date change and improved intergroup relations within the Australia Day context. Themes included acknowledgement of colonisation and the damage done to First Nations peoples, participants' political views, and educational awareness. These findings have important theoretical and practical implications which may assist with breaking down the social barriers that support date‐change resistance, helping Australians move towards a more inclusive future.
Feeling blue to seeing red: A case of escitalopram‐induced epistaxis
Authors: Ogundare Temitope , Ologun Olumayowa Adesoji 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are associated with an increased risk of bleeding, most commonly intracranial and gastric bleeding, especially in conjunction with anticoagulant use. Although uncommon, escitalopram is associated with epistaxis in a dose‐dependent manner. Dosage reduction may be sufficient in management.
Origins of Temperature‐Dependent Anomeric Selectivity in Glycosylations with an L–Idose Thioglycoside
Authors: See Nicholas W. , Roseli Ras Baizureen , Wimmer Norbert , Le Tri T. , Krenske Elizabeth H. , Ferro Vito 
Published: July 2024

AbstractL–Idose thioglycosides are useful glycosyl donors for the construction of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides. When activated with NIS and catalytic TMSOTf in the presence of methanol, the stereoselectivity of O‐glycosylation displays an intriguing dependence on the reaction temperature, with an increased preference for formation of the α‐glycoside at higher temperatures. Using a combination of vt‐NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations, we show how a simple mechanistic model, based on competing reactions of the iodinated thioglycoside, can explain the main features of the temperature dependence. In this model, the increased selectivity at high temperature is attributed to differences among the entropy and energy terms of the competing reaction pathways. Neighbouring‐group participation (giving an intermediate acyloxonium ion) plays an increasingly dominant role as temperature is raised. The general features of this kinetic regime may also apply more broadly to other glycosylations that likewise favour α‐glycoside formation at high temperature.
Adsorption of Prochiral Solvent Molecules by Surface‐Confined Chiral Supramolecular Assemblies: How Solvent Impacts on‐Surface Chirality
Authors: Ozawa Yu , Hashimoto Shingo , Sato Yuta , Sato Kazuya , Yokoyama Takumi , Machida Yoshihito , De Feyter Steven , Tobe Yoshito , Tahara Kazukuni 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe understanding of supramolecular chirality in self‐assembled molecular networks (SAMNs) on surfaces generates a lot of interest because of its relation to the production of chiral sensors, reactors, and catalysts. We herein report the adsorption of a prochiral solvent molecule in porous SAMNs formed by a chiral dehydrobenzo[12]annulene (cDBA) derivative. Through the prochirality recognition of a solvent molecule, the supramolecular chirality of the SAMN is switched: the cDBA exclusively forms a counter‐clockwise pore through co‐adsorption of the solvent molecule in prochiral 1,2,4‐trichlorobenzene, while in 1‐phenyloctane it produces the opposite chiral, clockwise pore. The prochirality recognition of the solvent molecule in the chiral SAMN pores is attributed to the adaptable conformational changes of the chiral chains of the cDBA molecule.
Development of a MIMO fuzzy inference system—PI controller for a closed‐circuit grinding ball mill circuit
Authors: Ferreira Bruno Xavier , dos Santos Brunno Ferreira 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article aims to study the implementation of classical proportional‐integrative (PI) controllers and their coupling with the fuzzy inference systems (FISs) in the act of closed‐circuit grinding (CCG) ball mill system. The system was formed for a multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) system, with two inputs, the feed rate (WF) and speed classifier rotor (VR), and two outputs, a sieve fraction 45 μm (P45) and the amount of material by a weight inside the drum (hold up [HU]). The model was simulated based on experimental processes and control strategies. The fuzzy‐PI controllers were developed on the software, and the data from this process were used to build the database and the necessary knowledge to construct the FIS controllers (with fuzzy rules base 3 × 3 and 5 × 5). Their implementation decreases the error criteria integral of time multiplied by the absolute error (ITAE) and integral of the absolute magnitude of the error (IAE) by 35% and 65%, respectively. Although, applying fuzzy‐PI systems with a smaller rule‐based outcome gives the benefits of implementing the fuzzy logic (FL) but with a smaller oscillatory performance and a minor negative effect on HU control.
What is the Vagal–Adrenal Axis?
Authors: Trevizan‐Baú Pedro , McAllen Robin M. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTSome recent publications have used the term “vagal–adrenal axis” to account for mechanisms involved in the regulation of inflammation by electroacupuncture. This concept proposes that efferent parasympathetic nerve fibers in the vagus directly innervate the adrenal glands to influence catecholamine secretion. Here, we discuss evidence for anatomical and functional links between the vagi and adrenal glands that may be relevant in the context of inflammation and its neural control by factors, including acupuncture. First, we find that evidence for any direct vagal parasympathetic efferent innervation of the adrenal glands is weak and likely artifactual. Second, we find good evidence that vagal afferent fibers directly innervate the adrenal gland, although their function is uncertain. Third, we highlight a wealth of evidence for indirect pathways, whereby vagal afferent signals act via the central nervous system to modify adrenal‐dependent anti‐inflammatory responses. Vagal afferents, not efferents, are thus the likely key to these phenomena.
Combined Mindfulness‐Based Stress Reduction and Exercise Intervention for Improving Psychological Well‐Being in Patients With Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Yan‐li , Zhang Xiao‐fang , Wang Xiao‐ping , Zhang Ya‐jing , Jin Yuan‐yuan , Li Wan‐ling 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aims to assess the clinical effectiveness of combining mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) with exercise intervention in improving anxiety, depression, sleep quality and mood regulation in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsA total of 60 patients with NSCLC who had not received surgical treatment were selected using convenience sampling and divided into an intervention group and control group, with 30 patients in each group. The control group received conventional psychological nursing care, whereas the intervention group received a combination of MBwSR and exercise therapy. Before the intervention, a questionnaire was completed to collect the basic data of the two groups. Further questionnaires were administered at 6 and 8 weeks after treatment to assess anxiety, depression, sleep quality and other items included in the five‐item Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS‐5).ResultsNo significant differences between the intervention and control groups were identified in terms of personal and clinical characteristics (p > 0.05). No significant differences were determined in the BSRS‐5, Self‐Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self‐Rating Depression Scale (SDS) or Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores between the intervention and control groups before the intervention. However, 6 and 8 weeks after the intervention, scores were significantly lower in both groups (p < 0.001). Significant differences in the BSRS‐5, SAS, SDS and PSQI scores were identified between the two groups at different time points (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe combination of MBSR and exercise intervention demonstrated improvements in anxiety, depression, sleep quality and BSRS‐5 scores in patients with NSCLC.
Simultaneous Optical Imaging of Action Potentials and Calcium Transients in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Yang Hao , Yang Yuan , Lu Zijun , Zhang Joe Z 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCardiovascular diseases have emerged as one of the leading causes of human mortality, but the discovery of new drugs has been hindered by the absence of suitable in vitro platforms. In recent decades, continuously refined protocols for differentiating human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into hiPSC‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CMs) have significantly advanced disease modeling and drug screening; however, this has led to an increasing need to monitor the function of hiPSC‐CMs. The precise regulation of action potentials (APs) and intracellular calcium (Ca2+) transients is critical for proper excitation‐contraction coupling and cardiomyocyte function. These important parameters are usually adversely affected in cardiovascular diseases or under cardiotoxic conditions and can be measured using optical imaging–based techniques. However, this procedure is complex and technologically challenging. We have adapted the IonOptix system to simultaneously measure APs and Ca2+ transients in hiPSC‐CMs loaded with the fluorescent dyes FluoVolt and Rhod 2, respectively. This system serves as a powerful high‐throughput platform to facilitate the discovery of new compounds to treat cardiovascular diseases with the cellular phenotypes of abnormal APs and Ca2+ handling. Here, we present a comprehensive protocol for hiPSC‐CM preparation, device setup, optical imaging, and data analysis. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Maintenance and seeding of hiPSC‐CMsBasic Protocol 2: Simultaneous detection of action potentials and Ca2+ transients in hiPSC‐CMs
Precision Irrigation Technologies for Water‐Wise and Climate Resilient Alfalfa Production
Authors: Dey Sourajit , Jha Gaurav , Min Doohong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe future of water‐wise and resilient alfalfa production lies in the integration of precision irrigation technologies and innovative water management strategies. With the continued threat of drought and depleting levels within the Ogallala aquifer in regions like the Southern Great Plains of the United States, it is important to adopt precision techniques that optimize water use while maximizing crop yields and quality. From soil moisture‐based management to canopy‐based monitoring and the development of irrigation decision support systems, farmers and CCAs have many options from commercially available tools at their disposal to navigate water scarcity challenges. The power of artificial intelligence, satellite imagery, and real‐time data analytics can all be integrated together to bring the agricultural community to work towards a future where alfalfa production remains resilient and environmentally sustainable. Earn 1.5 CEUs in Soil & Water Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Promising Visible‐Light‐Activated Support Boosting Platinum Nanoparticle Activity in Ethanol Electrooxidation
Authors: Brugia Mattia , Benedet Mattia , Rizzi Gian Andrea , Gasparotto Alberto , Barreca Davide , Lebedev Oleg I. , Maccato Chiara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the present work, exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (g‐CN) is immobilized on carbon paper substrates by a simple electrophoretic route, and subsequently decorated with ultra‐low amounts (≈μg/cm2) of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) by cold plasma sputtering. Optimization of preparative conditions allowed a fine tuning of Pt NPs size, loading and distribution and thus a controlled tailoring of g‐CN/Pt interfacial interactions. Modulation of such features yielded g‐CN‐Pt‐based anode materials with appealing activity and stability towards the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in alkaline aqueous solutions, as revealed by electrochemical tests both in the dark and under irradiation. The present results provide new insights on the design of nano‐engineered heterocomposites featuring improved performances thanks to Pt coupling with g‐CN, a low‐cost and environmentally friendly visible light‐active semiconductor. Overall, this work might open attractive avenues for the generation of green hydrogen via aqueous ethanol electrolysis and the photo‐promoted alcohol electrooxidation in fuel cells.