bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Processing Speed, Attention, and Working Memory After Treatment for Medulloblastoma: An International, Prospective, and Longitudinal Study
Authors: Palmer Shawna L. , Armstrong Carol , Onar-Thomas Arzu , Wu Shengjie , Wallace Dana , Bonner Melanie J. , Schreiber Jane , Swain Michelle , Chapieski Lynn , Mabbott Donald , Knight Sarah , Boyle Robyn , Gajjar Amar 
Published: August 2013

Purpose The current study prospectively examined processing speed (PS), broad attention (BA), and working memory (WM) ability of patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma over a 5-year period. Patients and Methods The study included 126 patients, ages 3 to 21 years at diagnosis, enrolled onto a collaborative protocol for medulloblastoma. Patients were treated with postsurgical risk-adapted craniospinal irradiation (n = 36 high risk [HR]; n = 90 average risk) followed by four cycles of high-dose chemotherapy with stem-cell support. Patients completed 509 neuropsychological evaluations using the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities Third Edition (median of three observations per patient). Results Linear mixed effects models revealed that younger age at diagnosis, HR classification, and higher baseline scores were significantly associated with poorer outcomes in PS. Patients treated as HR and those with higher baseline scores are estimated to have less favorable outcomes in WM and BA over time. Parent education and marital status were significantly associated with BA and WM baseline scores but not change over time. Conclusion Of the three key domains, PS was estimated to have the lowest scores at 5 years after diagnosis. Identifying cognitive domains most vulnerable to decline should guide researchers who are aiming to develop efficacious cognitive intervention and rehabilitation programs, thereby improving the quality of survivorship for the pediatric medulloblastoma population.
Solute Size-dependent Rotational Diffusion of Nitroxide Radicals in Ionic Liquids as Studied by EPR Spectroscopy
Authors: Miyake Yusuke , Akai Nobuyuki , Shibuya Kazuhiko , Kawai Akio 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Rotational correlation time of five nitroxide radicals with various molecular volume and shape was determined in ionic liquids by EPR spectroscopy. Gierer–Wirtz theory for rotational diffusion well explains the experimental results obtained in a wide range of solute volume.
Brokering evaluations of partnerships in Australian community arts: Responding to enterpreneurial tendencies
Authors: Hadley Bree , Gattenhof Sandra 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
This article examines motivations and methods for external evaluators in taking on a brokerage relationship between artists, arts managers and governments (national and local) during an appraisal process of community arts events. The argument is situated in our experience evaluating the Creating Queensland programme, a multifaceted community arts programme presented as part of the one of Australia’s largest arts events the Brisbane Festival, in 2009 and 2010. We use this case to identify a number of principles and processes that may assist in establishing an effective evaluation process – defined, for us, as a process in which partners representing different elements of the community arts project can share information in a learning network, or an innovation network, that embraces the idea of continuous improvement. We explain that we, as consultants, are not necessarily the only participants in the evaluation process in a position to broker the decision making about what to research and report on. We argue that empowering each of the delivery partners to act as brokers, using the principles, protocols and processes to negotiate what should be researched, when, how and how it should be shared, is something each delivery partner can do. This can help create a common understanding that can reduce anxieties about using warts-and-all evaluation data to learn, grow and improve in the arts. It can, as a result, be beneficial both for the participating partners and the community arts sector as a whole.
Qualidade de Vida e Promoção da Saúde
Authors: Leite Pollyanna Nayara Belém 
Published: August 2013

Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar a literatura sobre Qualidade de Vida e Promoção da Saúde. Foram consultados 36 produções entre os livros científicos, revistas e textos, para uma melhor reflexão sobre os conceitos de qualidade de vida. Esses conceitos abordaram vários aspectos, como o trabalho, a saúde, a família e as atividades das pessoas na sociedade. Como resultado, foi possível identificar as ligações entre saúde e condições de vida das pessoas. Também questões relacionadas às políticas públicas em termos de qualidade de vida das pessoas, como um meio de promoção da saúde, através de práticas que podem efetivamente, melhorar a forma como as pessoas em geral vivem. A avaliação adequada da qualidade de vida das pessoas é certamente, uma ferramenta importante, para que possamos discutir uma melhor compreensão da nossa realidade em termos de uma expectativa de vida mais saudável.
A Pele Humana e sua evolução no tempo
Authors: Figueiredo Mayara Santana Nóbrega de , Albuquerque Lisiene Siebra de Deus e 
Published: August 2013

O presente estudo discorre acerca de algumas das mais importantes modificações ocorridas durante a sucessão de eventos na escalada da evolução antropogenética, em relação a pele humana. Através de uma abordagem simplificada dos seus componentes essenciais no tecido cutâneo, superficial do corpo e das funções desempenhadas por eles na homeostase, foram discutidas as mais determinantes alterações que acontecidas na pele humana ao longo do tempo. O objetivo foi buscar um embasamento fisiológico que, porventura as tenha motivado e, que benefícios as mesmas trouxeram para a sobrevivência do homem na Terra.
Spruce fiber properties after high-temperature thermomechanical pulping (HT-TMP)
Authors: Solala Iina , Antikainen Toni , Reza Mehedi , Johansson Leena-Sisko , Hughes Mark , Vuorinen Tapani 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Spruce was submitted to high-temperature (150°C–170°C) refining for 2 or 5 min to produce thermomechanical pulp (TMP) fibers with decreased electrical energy consumption. The pulp was characterized in terms of specific energy consumption as well as tensile and surface properties. The fibers from high-temperature TMP contained more surface lignin even if all sample types usually broke at the S1–S2 cell wall region. They also produced significantly weaker paper sheets, whereas their dry zero-span strength did not suffer substantial losses, indicating decreased fiber-fiber bonding. Tensile strength properties were also determined of a bisphenol-A-epichlorohydrin-based epoxy resin mixed with 5% fiber as a test for fiber-matrix compatibility in composite applications. Based on these preliminary results, high-temperature TMP shows potential for composite reinforcement due to its lower tendency to aggregate and its better compatibility with the tested matrix material.
Industrial Methanol from Syngas: Kinetic Study and Process Simulation
Authors: De María Raquel , Díaz Ismael , Rodríguez Manuel , Sáiz Adrián 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
In this study, a detailed rigorous kinetic model is proposed for the industrial production of methanol taking into account changes in total mole flowrate. The kinetic model proposed is compared with the one proposed in literature (Rezaie et al., Chem Eng Process Process Intensification 2005;44:911–21), showing significant differences in terms of compositions and total mole flow. A complete simulation of the methanol production process is developed with a commercial software. The rigorous reactor model is integrated in the simulation using the CAPE OPEN standard. Flowsheet simulation is carried out, and results show small differences with those found in previous studies (Luyben, Ind Eng Chem Res 2010;49:6150–63).
Comments on “He's Homotopy Perturbation Method for Calculating Adomian Polynomials”
Authors: Jafari H. , Ghasempour S. , Khalique C. M. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
In the paper “He's Homotopy Perturbation Method for Calculating Adomian Polynomials” by A. Ghorbani and J. Saberi-Nadjafi, [International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation, 8(2) (2007) 229–232], the authors introduced the homotopy perturbation method to calculate Adomian polynomials, which they claim makes the calculation of Adomian polynomials easy. We discuss here the restrictions on their method for calculating Adomian Polynomials for nonlinear equations. We also prove analytically that the method given by Ghorbani and Saberi-Nadjafi is equivalent to the method used in [Applied Mathematics and Computation, 138(2–3) (2003) 523–529].
Mathematical Models for Erosion and the Optimal Transportation of Sediment
Authors: Birnir Bjorn , Rowlett Julie 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
We investigate a mathematical theory for the erosion of sediment which begins with the study of a non-linear, parabolic, weighted 4-Laplace equation on a rectangular domain corresponding to a base segment of an extended landscape. Imposing natural boundary conditions, we show that the equation admits entropy solutions and prove regularity and uniqueness of weak solutions when they exist. We then investigate a particular class of weak solutions studied in previous work of the first author and produce numerical simulations of these solutions. After introducing an optimal transportation problem for the sediment flow, we show that this class of weak solutions implements the optimal transportation of the sediment.
Resuscitation at birth in neonates with meningomyelocele
Authors: da Silva Simone Aparecida Basso , de Almeida Maria Fernanda Branco , Moron Antonio Fernandes , Cavalheiro Sérgio , Dastoli Patrícia Alessandra , Guinsburg Ruth 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Aims: Compare the need for neonatal resuscitation procedures between newborn infants with and without meningomyelocele (MMC).

Results: This retrospective case-control study included 94 neonates with MMC, defined as open spinal dysraphism with exposure of nervous tissue, and 94 controls without malformations, paired with MMC infants by gender, mode of delivery, gestational age and time of birth. Infants were born at a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, from 2001 to 2010. After adjusting for perinatal variables (prenatal care, maternal hypertension, birth during the day shift, cephalic presentation, meconium in the amniotic fluid, gestational age <37 weeks and small-for-gestational-age infants), MMC increased the chance of positive pressure ventilation at birth [odds ratio (OR) 4.55 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.82–11.41], intubation at birth (OR 3.94 95% CI 1.14–13.59) and 1-min Apgar score 95% CI 0.99–7.57).

Conclusion: MMC is an independent factor associated with the need for positive pressure ventilation and intubation at birth.
The prevalence and clinical features of twin-twin transfusion syndrome with onset during the third trimester
Authors: Murata Masaharu , Ishii Keisuke , Taguchi Takako , Mabuchi Aki , Kawaguchi Haruna , Yamamoto Ryo , Hayashi Shusaku , Mitsuda Nobuaki 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Objective: To describe the incidence and clinical features of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) with third trimester onset.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of monochorionic diamniotic (MD) twin pregnancies delivered during a recent 4-year period. The inclusion criterion was women who received prenatal care at our center from the first trimester onward. Serial ultrasound examinations were performed at least every 2 weeks until delivery to evaluate fetal growth as well as to estimate amniotic fluid volume. The prevalence of TTTS onset after 28 weeks of gestation and clinical features, including neonatal outcomes and placental findings, were elucidated.

Results: Meeting our inclusion criterion were 143 MD twin pregnancies, including 15 TTTS cases (10%). Five cases (4%) developed TTTS during the third trimester and underwent a cesarean section immediately after the diagnosis. All of these women exhibited either abdominal distension or uterine contractions. Recipient twins tended to require more intensive cardiopulmonary treatment than donors, however, neither a recipient nor a donor twin suffered neonatal death or neurological impairment. Placental arterio-arterial anastomoses were detected in three out of five cases. Arteriovenous anastomoses were present in all cases, however, venovenous anastomoses were not found in any case.

Conclusions: TTTS is a relatively rare complication during the third trimester. It is imperative to be observant for the development of TTTS in MD twin pregnancies with any abdominal symptoms, even if they appear insignificant.
Influence of Aggregate Source and Warm-Mix Technologies on the Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Ahmed Taha A. , Hajj Elie Y. , Sebaaly Peter E. , Majerus Nate 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
This study evaluated the impact of three aggregate sources (limestone, quartzite, and natural gravel) and three different WMA processes (Advera, Evotherm, and plant foaming) on the properties of asphalt mixtures. The aggregate source and warm-mix process were found to have an impact on the mixing and compaction temperatures of the WMA. The performance of the WMA mixtures was evaluated in terms of moisture damage, rutting, thermal cracking, and fatigue cracking resistance. Based on the results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the data, the aggregate source, WMA technology type, and the interaction between the two were shown to have moderate to significant effects on the performance of the asphalt mixtures for certain tests, whereas having no effect for other tests. Statistical differences were found when comparing indirect tensile strength and tensile strength ratio values, flow number, asphalt pavement analyzer rut depth, and fatigue cracking test results for the various mixtures. None of the WMA mixtures performed, as well as the HMA, except in the beam fatigue test. This was mainly related to the difference between the HMA and WMA short-term aging procedures. However, WMA mixtures exhibited similar or higher moisture damage, rutting, and fatigue cracking resistance than the HMA mixtures produced at the WMA temperatures or with 2-h short-term conditioning, instead of the recommended 4 h by Superpave. Dynamic modulus results showed that, on average, WMA mixtures had significantly lower dynamic modulus values than the HMA mixtures, but similar values to HMA mixtures produced at the WMA temperature and short-term conditioning. The thermal stress restrained specimen test (TSRST) showed that the reduction of production temperatures and short-term aging lowered the fracture temperature, whereas it did not impact the fracture stress. The impact of WMA technology on thermal cracking and fatigue characteristics depended on the type of aggregate.
The Practice of Flash Point Determination: A Laboratory Resource
Authors: White Edmund W. , Montemayor Rey G. 
Published: August 2013

Description
Satisfy:
Flash point defines petroleum product quality. This user's guide compares commonly used flash point apparatus and procedures and provides general guidance in the use and interpretation of standard ASTM flash point methods, including:
Chapters cover:
The manual is intended for those who run the flash point tests or for the users of the results of such tests. This includes lab technicians in testing laboratories, trucking, railway, aviation, shipping and warehousing of volatile materials to determine if they get what they ordered based on the flash point and the volatility of the materials. Also for businesses that receive DOT/EPA regulated petroleum products and refinery labs.
Genetic Architecture of Parallel Pelvic Reduction in Ninespine Sticklebacks
Authors: Shikano Takahito , Laine Veronika N , Herczeg Gábor , Vilkki Johanna , Merilä Juha 
Published: August 2013

AbstractTeleost fish genomes are known to be evolving faster than those of other vertebrate taxa. Thus, fish are suited to address the extent to which the same vs. different genes are responsible for similar phenotypic changes in rapidly evolving genomes of evolutionary independent lineages. To gain insights into the genetic basis and evolutionary processes behind parallel phenotypic changes within and between species, we identified the genomic regions involved in pelvic reduction in Northern European ninespine sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius) and compared them to those of North American ninespine and threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). To this end, we conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping using 283 F2 progeny from an interpopulation cross. Phenotypic analyses indicated that pelvic reduction is a recessive trait and is inherited in a simple Mendelian fashion. Significant QTL for pelvic spine and girdle lengths were identified in the region of the Pituitary homeobox transcription factor 1 (Pitx1) gene, also responsible for pelvic reduction in threespine sticklebacks. The fact that no QTL was observed in the region identified in the mapping study of North American ninespine sticklebacks suggests that an alternative QTL for pelvic reduction has emerged in this species within the past 1.6 million years after the split between Northern European and North American populations. In general, our study provides empirical support for the view that alternative genetic mechanisms that lead to similar phenotypes can evolve over short evolutionary time scales.
Practical Considerations Regarding the Use of Genotype and Pedigree Data to Model Relatedness in the Context of Genome-Wide Association Studies
Authors: Cheng Riyan , Parker Clarissa C , Abney Mark , Palmer Abraham A 
Published: August 2013

AbstractGenome-wide association studies of complex traits often are complicated by relatedness among individuals. Ignoring or inappropriately accounting for relatedness often results in inflated type I error rates. Either genotype or pedigree data can be used to estimate relatedness for use in mixed-models when undertaking quantitative trait locus mapping. We performed simulations to investigate methods for controlling type I error and optimizing power considering both full and partial pedigrees and, similarly, both sparse and dense marker coverage; we also examined real data sets. (1) When marker density was low, estimating relatedness by genotype data alone failed to control the type I error rate; (2) this was resolved by combining both genotype and pedigree data. (3) When sufficiently dense marker data were used to estimate relatedness, type I error was well controlled and power increased; however, (4) this was only true when the relatedness was estimated using genotype data that excluded genotypes on the chromosome currently being scanned for a quantitative trait locus.
Nutritional Control of Epigenetic Processes in Yeast and Human Cells
Authors: Sadhu Meru J , Guan Qiaoning , Li Fei , Sales-Lee Jade , Iavarone Anthony T , Hammond Ming C , Cande W Zacheus , Rine Jasper 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe vitamin folate is required for methionine homeostasis in all organisms. In addition to its role in protein synthesis, methionine is the precursor to S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM), which is used in myriad cellular methylation reactions, including all histone methylation reactions. Here, we demonstrate that folate and methionine deficiency led to reduced methylation of lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The effect of nutritional deficiency on H3K79 methylation was less pronounced, but was exacerbated in S. cerevisiae carrying a hypomorphic allele of Dot1, the enzyme responsible for H3K79 methylation. This result suggested a hierarchy of epigenetic modifications in terms of their susceptibility to nutritional limitations. Folate deficiency caused changes in gene transcription that mirrored the effect of complete loss of H3K4 methylation. Histone methylation was also found to respond to nutritional deficiency in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and in human cells in culture.
Genetic Mapping and Genomic Selection Using Recombination Breakpoint Data
Authors: Xu Shizhong 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe correct models for quantitative trait locus mapping are the ones that simultaneously include all significant genetic effects. Such models are difficult to handle for high marker density. Improving statistical methods for high-dimensional data appears to have reached a plateau. Alternative approaches must be explored to break the bottleneck of genomic data analysis. The fact that all markers are located in a few chromosomes of the genome leads to linkage disequilibrium among markers. This suggests that dimension reduction can also be achieved through data manipulation. High-density markers are used to infer recombination breakpoints, which then facilitate construction of bins. The bins are treated as new synthetic markers. The number of bins is always a manageable number, on the order of a few thousand. Using the bin data of a recombinant inbred line population of rice, we demonstrated genetic mapping, using all bins in a simultaneous manner. To facilitate genomic selection, we developed a method to create user-defined (artificial) bins, in which breakpoints are allowed within bins. Using eight traits of rice, we showed that artificial bin data analysis often improves the predictability compared with natural bin data analysis. Of the eight traits, three showed high predictability, two had intermediate predictability, and two had low predictability. A binary trait with a known gene had predictability near perfect. Genetic mapping using bin data points to a new direction of genomic data analysis.
Heritable Gene Knockout in Caenorhabditis elegans by Direct Injection of Cas9–sgRNA Ribonucleoproteins
Authors: Cho Seung Woo , Lee Jihyun , Carroll Dana , Kim Jin-Soo , Lee Junho 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
We present a novel method of targeted gene disruption that involves direct injection of recombinant Cas9 protein complexed with guide RNA into the gonad of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Biallelic mutants were recovered among the F1 progeny, demonstrating the high efficiency of this method.
Heritable Custom Genomic Modifications in Caenorhabditis elegans via a CRISPR–Cas9 System
Authors: Tzur Yonatan B , Friedland Ari E , Nadarajan Saravanapriah , Church George M , Calarco John A , Colaiácovo Monica P 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
We adapted the CRISPR–Cas9 system for template-mediated repair of targeted double-strand breaks via homologous recombination in Caenorhabditis elegans, enabling customized and efficient genome editing. This system can be used to create specific insertions, deletions, and base pair changes in the germline of C. elegans.
CRISPR/Cas9-Targeted Mutagenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Waaijers Selma , Portegijs Vincent , Kerver Jana , Lemmens Bennie B L G , Tijsterman Marcel , van den Heuvel Sander , Boxem Mike 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The generation of genetic mutants in Caenorhabditis elegans has long relied on the selection of mutations in large-scale screens. Directed mutagenesis of specific loci in the genome would greatly speed up analysis of gene function. Here, we adapt the CRISPR/Cas9 system to generate mutations at specific sites in the C. elegans genome.