bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isoliensinine induces apoptosis in triple-negative human breast cancer cells through ROS generation and p38 MAPK/JNK activation
Authors: Zhang Xiyu , Wang Xiyao , Wu Tingting , Li Boxuan , Liu Tianqi , Wang Rong , Liu Qiao , Liu Zhaojian , Gong Yaoqin , Shao Changshun 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIsoliensinine, liensinine and neferine are major bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids in the seed embryo of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) and exhibit potential anti-cancer activity. Here, we explored the effects of these alkaloids on triple-negative breast cancer cells and found that among the three alkaloids isoliensinine possesses the most potent cytotoxic effect, primarily by inducing apoptosis. Interestingly, isoliensinine showed a much lower cytotoxicity against MCF-10A, a normal human breast epithelial cell line. Further studies showed that isoliensinine could significantly increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in triple-negative breast cancer cells, but not in MCF-10A cells. The isoliensinine-induced apoptosis could be attenuated by radical oxygen scavenger N-acetyl cysteine, suggesting that the cytotoxic effect of isoliensinine on cancer cells is at least partially achieved by inducing oxidative stress. We found that both p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways were activated by isoliensinine treatment and contributed to the induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibitors or specific siRNAs of p38 MAPK and JNK could attenuate apoptosis induced by isoliensinine. However, only the p38 inhibitor or p38-specific siRNA blocked the elevation of ROS in isoliensinine-treated cells. Our findings thus revealed a novel antitumor effect of isoliensinine on breast cancer cells and may have therapeutic implications.
Biomechanical tactics of chiral growth in emergent aquatic macrophytes
Authors: Zhao Zi-Long , Zhao Hong-Ping , Li Bing-Wei , Nie Ben-Dian , Feng Xi-Qiao , Gao Huajian 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThrough natural selection, many plant organs have evolved optimal morphologies at different length scales. However, the biomechanical strategies for different plant species to optimize their organ structures remain unclear. Here, we investigate several species of aquatic macrophytes living in the same natural environment but adopting distinctly different twisting chiral morphologies. To reveal the principle of chiral growth in these plants, we performed systematic observations and measurements of morphologies, multiscale structures and mechanical properties of their slender emergent stalks or leaves. Theoretical modeling of pre-twisted beams in bending and buckling indicates that the different growth tactics of the plants can be strongly correlated with their biomechanical functions. It is shown that the twisting chirality of aquatic macrophytes can significantly improve their survivability against failure under both internal and external loads. The theoretical predictions for different chiral configurations are in excellent agreement with experimental measurements.
Modeling of switching mechanism in GeSbTe chalcogenide superlattices
Authors: Yu Xiaoming , Robertson John 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe study the switching process in chalcogenide superlattice (CSL) phase-change memory materials by describing the motion of an atomic layer between the low and high resistance states. Two models have been proposed by different groups based on high-resolution electron microscope images. Model 1 proposes a transition from Ferro to Inverted Petrov state. Model 2 proposes a switch between Petrov and Inverted Petrov states. For each case, we note that the main transition is actually a vertical displacement of a Ge layer through a Te layer, followed by a lateral motion of GeTe sublayer to the final, low energy structure. Through calculating energy barriers, the rate-determining step is the displacive transition.
Protection against dengue disease by synthetic nucleic acid antibody prophylaxis/immunotherapy
Authors: Flingai Seleeke , Plummer Emily M. , Patel Ami , Shresta Sujan , Mendoza Janess M. , Broderick Kate E. , Sardesai Niranjan Y. , Muthumani Kar , Weiner David B. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDengue virus (DENV) is the most important mosquito-borne viral infection in humans. In recent years, the number of cases and outbreaks has dramatically increased worldwide. While vaccines are being developed, none are currently available that provide balanced protection against all DENV serotypes. Advances in human antibody isolation have uncovered DENV neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) that are capable of preventing infection from multiple serotypes. Yet delivering monoclonal antibodies using conventional methods is impractical due to high costs. Engineering novel methods of delivering monoclonal antibodies could tip the scale in the fight against DENV. Here we demonstrate that simple intramuscular delivery by electroporation of synthetic DNA plasmids engineered to express modified human nAbs against multiple DENV serotypes confers protection against DENV disease and prevents antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of disease in mice. This synthetic nucleic acid antibody prophylaxis/immunotherapy approach may have important applications in the fight against infectious disease.
Cyclin Y inhibits plasticity-induced AMPA receptor exocytosis and LTP
Authors: Cho Eunsil , Kim Dong-Hyun , Hur Young-Na , Whitcomb Daniel J. , Regan Philip , Hong Jung-Hwa , Kim Hanna , Ho Suh Young , Cho Kwangwook , Park Mikyoung 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCyclin Y (CCNY) is a member of the cyclin protein family, known to regulate cell division in proliferating cells. Interestingly, CCNY is expressed in neurons that do not undergo cell division. Here, we report that CCNY negatively regulates long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength through inhibition of AMPA receptor trafficking. CCNY is enriched in postsynaptic fractions from rat forebrain and is localized adjacent to postsynaptic sites in dendritic spines in rat hippocampal neurons. Using live-cell imaging of a pH-sensitive AMPA receptor, we found that during LTP-inducing stimulation, CCNY inhibits AMPA receptor exocytosis in dendritic spines. Furthermore, CCNY abolishes LTP in hippocampal slices. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that CCNY inhibits plasticity-induced AMPA receptor delivery to synapses and thereby blocks LTP, identifying a novel function for CCNY in post-mitotic cells.
Enhanced anti-ischemic stroke of ZL006 by T7-conjugated PEGylated liposomes drug delivery system
Authors: Wang Zhongyuan , Zhao Yue , Jiang Yan , Lv Wei , Wu Lin , Wang Baoyan , Lv Lingyan , Xu Qunwei , Xin Hongliang 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe treatment for ischemic stroke is one of the most challenging problems and the therapeutic effect remains unsatisfied due to the poor permeation of drugs across the blood brain barrier (BBB). In this study, HAIYPRH (T7), a peptide that targeted to transferrin receptor (TfR) can mediate the transport of nanocarriers across the BBB, was conjugated to liposomes for ischemic stroke targeting treatment of a novel neuroprotectant (ZL006). T7-conjugated PEGylated liposomes (T7-P-LPs) loaded with ZL006 (T7-P-LPs/ZL006) were showed satisfactory vesicle size and size distribution. Furthermore, the cellular uptake results showed that T7 modification increased liposomes uptake by the brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) and little cytotoxicity of liposomes with or without ZL006 was observed. The in vivo biodistribution and near-infrared fluorescence imaging evidenced that T7 modification rendered liposomes significantly enhanced the transport of liposomes across the BBB. The pharmacodynamic study suggested that, T7-P-LPs/ZL006 exhibited reduced infarct volume and ameliorated neurological deficit compared with unmodified liposomes or free ZL006. T7-P-LPs/ZL006 could be targeted to brain and displayed remarkable neuroprotective effects. They could be used as a potential targeted drug delivery system of ischemic stroke treatment.
Weak Interactions and Instability Cascades
Authors: Kadoya Taku , McCann Kevin S. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractFood web theory states that a weak interactor which is positioned in the food web such that it tends to deflect, or mute, energy away from a potentially oscillating consumer-resource interaction often enhances community persistence and stability. Here we examine how adding other weak interactions (predation/harvesting) on the stabilizing weak interactor alters the stability of food web using a set of well-established food web models/modules. We show that such “weak on weak” interaction chains drive an indirect dynamic cascade that can rapidly ignite a distant consumer-resource oscillator. Nonetheless, we also show that the “weak on weak” interactions are still more stable than the food web without them and so weak interactions still generally act to stabilize food webs. Rather, these results are best interpreted to say that the degree of the stabilizing effect of a given important weak interaction can be severely compromised by other weak interactions (including weak harvesting).
Phase change dispersion of plasmonic nano-objects
Authors: Zeng Xie , Hu Haifeng , Gao Yongkang , Ji Dengxin , Zhang Nan , Song Haomin , Liu Kai , Jiang Suhua , Gan Qiaoqiang 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPhase is an inherent and important feature for coherent processes, which, unfortunately, has not been completely understood for surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and matter interactions. Here we propose a practical approach to extract the phase change dispersion during the interaction between free-space light, SPPs and nanogroove/slit based on far-field information only. Numerical simulation and experimental validation were both presented using nanoslit-groove plasmonic interferometers, agreeing well with theoretical near-field analysis. This approach is generally feasible to extract the intrinsic phase dispersion of other plasmonic nanostructures and can reveal more fundamental features of SPP-matter interactions.
In vitro and in vivo host range of Anopheles gambiae densovirus (AgDNV)
Authors: Suzuki Yasutsugu , Barik Tapan K. , Johnson Rebecca M. , Rasgon Jason L. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAgDNV is a powerful gene transduction tool and potential biological control agent for Anopheles mosquitoes. Using a GFP reporter virus system, we investigated AgDNV host range specificity in four arthropod cell lines (derived from An. gambiae, Aedes albopictus and Drosophila melanogaster) and six mosquito species from 3 genera (An. gambiae, An. arabiensis, An. stephensi, Ae. albopictus, Ae. aegypti and Culex tarsalis). In vitro, efficient viral invasion, replication and GFP expression was only observed in MOS55 An. gambiae cells. In vivo, high levels of GFP were observed in An. gambiae mosquitoes. Intermediate levels of GFP were observed in the closely related species An. arabiensis. Low levels of GFP were observed in An. stephensi, Ae. albopictus, Ae. aegypti and Cx. tarsalis. These results suggest that AgDNV is a specific gene transduction tool for members of the An. gambiae species complex and could be potentially developed into a biocontrol agent with minimal off-target effects.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Polymerase Spiral Reaction (PSR): A novel isothermal nucleic acid amplification method
Authors: Liu Wei , Dong Derong , Yang Zhan , Zou Dayang , Chen Zeliang , Yuan Jing , Huang Liuyu 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this study, we report a novel isothermal nucleic acid amplification method only requires one pair of primers and one enzyme, termed Polymerase Spiral Reaction (PSR) with high specificity, efficiency and rapidity under isothermal condition. The recombinant plasmid of blaNDM-1 was imported to Escherichia coli BL21 and selected as the microbial target. PSR method employs a Bst DNA polymerase and a pair of primers designed targeting the blaNDM-1 gene sequence. The forward and reverse Tab primer sequences are reverse to each other at their 5’ end (Nr and N), whereas their 3’ end sequences are complementary to their respective target nucleic acid sequences. The PSR method was performed at a constant temperature 61 °C–65 °C, yielding a complicated spiral structure. PSR assay was monitored continuously in a real-time turbidimeter instrument or visually detected with the aid of a fluorescent dye (SYBR Greenı) and could be finished within 1 h with a high accumulation of 109 copies of the target and a fine sensitivity of 6 CFU per reaction. Clinical evaluation was also conducted using PSR, showing high specificity of this method. The PSR technique provides a convenient and cost-effective alternative for clinical screening, on-site diagnosis and primary quarantine purposes.
Augmented vagal heart rate modulation in active hypoestrogenic pre-menopausal women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea
Authors: O'Donnell Emma , Goodman Jack M. , Morris Beverly L. , Floras John S. , Harvey Paula J. 
Published: July 2015

Compared with eumenorrhoeic women, exercise-trained women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea (ExFHA) exhibit low heart rates (HRs) and absent reflex renin–angiotensin-system activation and augmentation of their muscle sympathetic nerve response to orthostatic stress. To test the hypothesis that their autonomic HR modulation is altered concurrently, three age-matched (pooled mean, 24±1 years; mean ± S.E.M.) groups of women were studied: active with either FHA (ExFHA; n=11) or eumenorrhoeic cycles (ExOv; n=17) and sedentary with eumenorrhoeic cycles (SedOv; n=17). Blood pressure (BP), HR and HR variability (HRV) in the frequency domain were determined during both supine rest and graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP; −10, −20 and −40 mmHg). Very low (VLF), low (LF) and high (HF) frequency power spectra (ms2) were determined and, owing to skewness, log10-transformed. LF/HF ratio and total power (VLF + LF + HF) were calculated. At baseline, HR and systolic BP (SBP) were lower (P&lt;0.05) and HF and total power were higher (P&lt;0.05) in ExFHA than in eumenorrhoeic women. In all groups, LBNP decreased (P&lt;0.05) SBP, HF and total power and increased (P&lt;0.05) HR and LF/HF ratio. However, HF and total power remained higher (P&lt;0.05) and HR, SBP and LF/HF ratio remained lower (P&lt;0.05) in ExFHA than in eumenorrhoeic women, in whom measures did not differ (P&gt;0.05). At each stage, HR correlated inversely (P&lt;0.05) with HF. In conclusion, ExFHA women demonstrate augmented vagal yet unchanged sympathetic HR modulation, both at rest and during orthostatic stress. Although the role of oestrogen deficiency is unclear, these findings are in contrast with studies reporting decreased HRV in hypoestrogenic post-menopausal women.
Small‐area DAC using adaptive body bias scheme for AMOLED data driver ICs
Authors: Kim Seung‐Tae , Kwon Oh‐Kyong 
Published: July 2015

A small‐area digital‐to‐analogue converter (DAC) using an adaptive body bias scheme is proposed for active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode (AMOLED) data driver ICs. The proposed scheme adjusts the body bias applied to the P‐type (PMOS) decoder according to the average picture level (APL) and maintains a low on‐resistance of the PMOS decoder at a high APL. This enables reduction of the DAC area by realising the upper‐half decoder using only PMOS switches, unlike conventional DACs which use both PMOS and N‐type switches. A 20‐channel data driver IC is fabricated using a 0.18 µm HVCMOS technology with 1.8 V/18 V devices. The proposed DAC occupies 33% less area than the conventional DAC and the measured differential nonlinearity and integral nonlinearity are +0.09/−0.1 and +0.36/−0.47 LSB, respectively.
Dietary and non‐dietary correlates of gastrointestinal distress during the cycle and run of a triathlon
Authors: Wilson Patrick B. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to assess whether pre‐race dietary and non‐dietary factors were associated with gastrointestinal (GI) distress during the cycle and run of a 70.3‐mile triathlon. Fifty three participants recorded dietary details the day before and morning of the triathlon and retrospectively reported GI symptoms from the cycle and run. Occurrence and severity of nausea, regurgitation and fullness were combined into an upper GI (UGI) category, while lower abdominal cramps, flatulence and urge to defecate were combined into a lower GI (LGI) category. Spearman's rho coefficients were used to examine whether UGI and LGI were associated with: (1) pre‐race diet (kilocalories, carbohydrate, fibre, fat, protein, caffeine); and (2) non‐dietary factors (age, body mass index, experience, weight change, GI distress history, finishing time). Of non‐dietary factors, only a history of GI distress showed significant associations with GI symptoms during the triathlon (ρ =. 32–.36; P <. 05). Morning kilocalorie (ρ =. 28, P =. 04) and carbohydrate (ρ =. 36, P <. 01) intakes were modestly, positively associated with UGI during the cycle, while morning caffeine intake (ρ =. 30, P =. 03) showed a modest positive association with LGI during the run. The associations between diet and GI distress variables remained significant after adjusting for non‐dietary factors. Competitors of 70.3‐mile triathlons should carefully weigh the benefits of higher race‐morning energy, carbohydrate and caffeine intakes against their potential to increase GI distress.
SHORT- AND LONG-TERM RADIO VARIABILITY OF YOUNG STARS IN THE ORION NEBULA CLUSTER AND MOLECULAR CLOUD
Authors: Rivilla V. M. , Chandler C. J. , Sanz-Forcada J. , Jiménez-Serra I. , Forbrich J. , Martín-Pintado J. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
We have used the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) to carry out multi-epoch radio continuum monitoring of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) and the background Orion Molecular Cloud (OMC; 3 epochs at Q band and 11 epochs at Ka band). Our new observations reveal the presence of 19 radio sources, mainly concentrated in the Trapezium Cluster and the Orion Hot Core (OHC) regions. With the exception of the Becklin–Neugebauer object and source C (which we identify here as dust emission associated with a proplyd) the sources all show radio variability between the different epochs. We have found tentative evidence of variability in the emission from the massive object related to source I. Our observations also confirm radio flux density variations of a factor >2 on timescales of hours to days in five sources. One of these flaring sources, OHC-E, has been detected for the first time. We conclude that the radio emission can be attributed to two different components: (i) highly variable (flaring) non-thermal radio gyrosynchrotron emission produced by electrons accelerated in the magnetospheres of pre-main-sequence low-mass stars and (ii) thermal emission due to free–free radiation from ionized gas and/or heated dust around embedded massive objects and proplyds. Combining our sample with other radio monitoring at 8.3 GHz and the X-ray catalog provided by Chandra, we have studied the properties of the entire sample of radio/X-ray stars in the ONC/OMC region (51 sources). We have found several hints of a relation between the X-ray activity and the mechanisms responsible for (at least some fraction of) the radio emission. We have estimated a radio flaring rate of ∼0.14 flares day−1 in the dense stellar cluster embedded in the OHC region. This suggests that radio flares are more common events during the first stages of stellar evolution than previously thought. The advent of improved sensitivity with the new VLA and ALMA will dramatically increase the number of stars in young clusters detected at radio wavelengths, which will help us improve our understanding of the origin and nature of the radio emission.
The Poisson distribution, abstract fractional difference equations, and stability
Authors: Lizama Carlos 
Published: July 2015

We study the initial value problem

(

∗

)

{

C

Δ

α

u
(
n
)

a
m
p
;
=
A
u
(
n
+
1
)
,

n
∈

N

0

;

u
(
0
)

a
m
p
;
=

u
0

∈
X
,

\begin{equation*} \tag {$*$} \left \{\begin {array}{rll} _C\Delta ^{\alpha } u(n) &= Au(n+1), \quad n \in \mathbb {N}_0; \\ u(0) &= u_0 \in X, \end{array}\right . \end{equation*}

when

A
A

is a closed linear operator with domain

D
(
A
)

D(A)

defined on a Banach space

X
X

. We introduce a method based on the Poisson distribution to show existence and qualitative properties of solutions for the problem

(
∗
)

(*)

, using operator-theoretical conditions on

A
A

. We show how several properties for fractional differences, including their own definition, are connected with the continuous case by means of sampling using the Poisson distribution. We prove necessary conditions for stability of solutions, that are only based on the spectral properties of the operator

A
A

in the case of Hilbert spaces.
On a stopping game in continuous time
Authors: Bayraktar Erhan , Zhou Zhou 
Published: July 2015

On a filtered probability space

(
Ω
,

F

,
P
,

F

=
(

F

t

)

0
≤
t
≤
T

)

(\Omega ,\mathcal {F},P,\mathbb {F}=(\mathcal {F}_t)_{0\leq t\leq T})

, we consider stopper-stopper games

C
¯

:=

inf

ρ

sup

τ
∈

T

E

[
U
(
ρ
(
τ
)
,
τ
)
]

\overline C:=\inf _{\boldsymbol {\rho }}\sup _{\tau \in \mathcal {T}} \mathbb {E}[U(\boldsymbol {\rho }(\tau ),\tau )]

and

C
_

:=

\underline C:=

sup

τ

inf

ρ
∈

T

E

[
U
(
ρ
,
τ
(
ρ
)
)
]

\sup _{\boldsymbol {\tau }} \inf _{\rho \in \mathcal {T}}\mathbb {E}[U(\rho ,\boldsymbol {\tau } (\rho ))]

in continuous time, where

U
(
s
,
t
)

U(s,t)

is

F

s
∨
t

\mathcal {F}_{s\vee t}

-measurable (this is the new feature of our stopping game),

T

\mathcal {T}

is the set of stopping times, and

ρ
,
τ
:

T

↦

T

\boldsymbol {\rho },\boldsymbol {\tau }:\mathcal {T} \mapsto \mathcal {T}

satisfy certain non-anticipativity conditions. We show that

C
¯

=

C
_

\overline C=\underline C

, by converting these problems into a corresponding Dynkin game.
Effects of Glaucoma Tube Surgery on Corneal Endothelial Cells: A Review
Authors: Koo Euna B. , Hou Jing , Keenan Jeremy D. , Stamper Robert L. , Jeng Bennie H. , Han Ying 
Published: July 2015

Abstract:
The etiology of corneal decompensation after aqueous shunt implantation remains poorly understood. With the use of anterior segment optical coherence tomography and specular microscopy, the relationship of these implants to the surrounding tissues can be investigated over time. This article will review the current knowledge pertaining to endothelial cell loss related to glaucoma and surgery and highlight possible causes that have been proposed for endothelial cell loss after aqueous shunt implantation.
Phenotypic analysis of Arabidopsis transgenic plants constitutively expressing the P6 protein fromCauliflower mosaic virusor mutant alleles thereof
Authors: Geldreich Angèle , Himber Christophe , Haas Gabrielle , Keller Mario , Voinnet Olivier 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis laboratory has previously shown that nuclear import of CaMV P6 is required for infection and suppression of the RNA silencing factor DRB4. EMBO J., 27:2102 - 2112. In the original paper, there were inadvertent errors in the mounting of a figure. We have now repeated the experiments concerned, using the seed stock of the corresponding transgenic plants. The results presented here confirm those reported in the original paper. The plants expressing P6 are strongly stunted with chlorotic and serrated leaves. Conversely, the transgenic expression of various P6 mutant alleles do not induce this phenotype.