bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tradition on Fire: Polydoxy, Orthodoxy, and Theological Epistemology
Authors: Craigo‐Snell Shannon 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis article explores four accounts of fire in texts that have become influential to theological epistemology, written by Luce Irigaray, René Descartes, George Fox, and Blaise Pascal. Each of these fires represents an epistemological conversion to a particular way of knowing about God. While the authors of the Keller and Schneider volume resist a strict binary opposition between polydoxy and orthodoxy, the book as a whole—whether inadvertently or inescapably—functionally reduces orthodoxy to a single epistemological viewpoint, diagnosed by Irigaray as the Logic of the One. This singular view of orthodoxy has two drawbacks. First, it is inadequate to the multiplicity of Christian orthodoxies. It cannot account for the fires of Fox and Pascal, or for the orthodoxies that threatened them. Second, polydoxy itself is limited. Reading all orthodoxies through the lens of Irigaray's critique re‐inscribes the Logic of the One that she protests. Furthermore, this pattern belies the relationality that polydoxy emphasizes. Thus, the continuing development of polydoxy might require attending to the specific multiplicities of orthodoxy itself.
Receiving the Gift
Authors: Ward Graham 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTaking the Christian Scriptures as its starting point, this article attempts a critical reflection on Polydoxy. While expressing a number of sympathies with elements of the project, four questions are raised in my reception of the book. First: the roles of revealed truth and authority within polydoxy's project. Second: whether the project constructs a false foil in its presentation of “orthodoxy.” Third: the nature of the panentheism that some of the contributors to the volume espouse. And fourth: whether characterising panentheism as apophatic renders that espousal more coherent from a Christian theological perspective. These four questions focus on the Christological models presented in Polydoxy. I conclude that Christian orthodoxy concerns the articulation of a Christological logic that can “save us” and, on the basis of my critical reflection, I am left wondering whether the theology presented to us in Polydoxy can really do that.
Contribution of the drought tolerance‐related Stress‐responsive NAC1 transcription factor to resistance of barley to Ramularia leaf spot
Authors: McGrann Graham R. D. , Steed Andrew , Burt Christopher , Goddard Rachel , Lachaux Clea , Bansal Anuradha , Corbitt Margaret , Gorniak Kalina , Nicholson Paul , Brown James K. M. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryNAC proteins are plant transcription factors that are involved in tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, as well as in many developmental processes. Stress‐responsive NAC1 (SNAC1) transcription factor is involved in drought tolerance in barley and rice, but has not been shown previously to have a role in disease resistance. Transgenic over‐expression of HvSNAC1 in barley cv. Golden Promise reduced the severity of Ramularia leaf spot (RLS), caused by the fungus Ramularia collo‐cygni, but had no effect on disease symptoms caused by Fusarium culmorum, Oculimacula yallundae (eyespot), Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (powdery mildew) or Magnaporthe oryzae (blast). The HvSNAC1 transcript was weakly induced in the RLS‐susceptible cv. Golden Promise during the latter stages of R. collo‐cygni symptom development when infected leaves were senescing. Potential mechanisms controlling HvSNAC1‐mediated resistance to RLS were investigated. Gene expression analysis revealed no difference in the constitutive levels of antioxidant transcripts in either of the over‐expression lines compared with cv. Golden Promise, nor was any difference in stomatal conductance or sensitivity to reactive oxygen species‐induced cell death observed. Over‐expression of HvSNAC1 delayed dark‐induced leaf senescence. It is proposed that mechanisms controlled by HvSNAC1 that are involved in tolerance to abiotic stress and that inhibit senescence also confer resistance to R. collo‐cygni and suppress RLS symptoms. This provides further evidence for an association between abiotic stress and senescence in barley and the development of RLS.
Reducing occupational sedentary time: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of evidence on activity‐permissive workstations
Authors: Neuhaus M. , Eakin E. G. , Straker L. , Owen N. , Dunstan D. W. , Reid N. , Healy G. N. 
Published: July 2014

SummaryExcessive sedentary time is detrimentally linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and premature mortality. Studies have been investigating the use of activity‐permissive workstations to reduce sedentary time in office workers, a highly sedentary target group. This review systematically summarizes the evidence for activity‐permissive workstations on sedentary time, health‐risk biomarkers, work performance and feasibility indicators in office workplaces. In July 2013, a literature search identified 38 relevant peer‐reviewed publications. Key findings were independently extracted by two researchers. The average intervention effect on sedentary time was calculated via meta‐analysis. In total, 984 participants across 19 field‐based trials and 19 laboratory investigations were included, with sample sizes ranging from n = 2 to 66 per study. Sedentary time, health‐risk biomarkers and work performance indicators were reported in 13, 23 and 23 studies, respectively. The pooled effect size from the meta‐analysis was −77 min of sedentary time/8‐h workday (95% confidence interval = −120, −35 min). Non‐significant changes were reported for most health‐ and work‐related outcomes. Studies with acceptability measures reported predominantly positive feedback. Findings suggest that activity‐permissive workstations can be effective to reduce occupational sedentary time, without compromising work performance. Larger and longer‐term randomized‐controlled trials are needed to understand the sustainability of the sedentary time reductions and their longer‐term impacts on health‐ and work‐related outcomes.
An unusual case of a misplaced denture
Authors: Nayyer Namita V. , Macluskey Michaelina 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe aspiration of a foreign body is a rare occurrence in adults. We present a case of a missing partial denture, which remained undetected clinically and radiographically at the initial presentation to the accident and emergency department, leading to discharge of the patient with the partial denture still lodged within the oropharynx. This case highlights that clinicians should be aware of potential hazards associated with denture wear in individuals who are at high risk of tracheobronchial aspiration and as such be able to recognise any arising complications.
Factors Explaining Variability in Health Literacy Outcomes of Public Health Nursing Clients
Authors: Monsen Karen A. , Chatterjee Snigdhansu B. , Timm Jill E. , Kay Poulsen J. , McNaughton Diane B. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate variability in health literacy outcomes due to home visiting (HV) program components including PHN, Intervention, and Client.Design and SampleA comparative, correlational study evaluated PHN home visiting program data that included PHNs (N = 16); Interventions (N = 21,634); and Clients (N = 141). Client age ranged from 14 to 46 (median = 21, mean = 22.8, SD = 6.65). Clients were predominately White (75.9%), not married (84.4%), and female (99.3%). PHNS documented care using electronic health records (EHR) and the Omaha System.MeasuresThe outcome of interest was health literacy benchmark attainment (adequate knowledge) operationalized by Omaha System Problem Rating Scale for Outcomes Knowledge scores averaged across problems.InterventionProgram of individually tailored, evidence‐based HV interventions provided by PHNs.ResultsThere were 233 different interventions for 22 problems. Knowledge benchmark was attained by 16.3% of clients. Four factors explained variance in reaching the knowledge benchmark: Client (51%), Problem (17%), Intervention (16%), and PHN (16%).ConclusionsThe PHN and intervention tailoring are actionable components of HV programs that explain variability in health literacy outcomes. Further research should examine effects of training on PHN relationship skills and intervention tailoring to optimize outcomes of evidence‐based PHN HV programs, and to evaluate whether improving health literacy may subsequently improve client problems.
Externalities, Productivity and Sustained Growth
Authors: Yin Xiaopeng 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis paper shows that the existence of endogenous growth, in the closed‐form solution, in a single sector economy with a convex technology in an overlapping generations (OLG) framework, which attempts to fill the current gap in endogenous growth theory. It finds there is an unbounded growth when trade, in the form of knowledge spillover, affects labor productivity through the formation of human capital with self‐education that is not an independent sector but builds the human capital here. This conclusion holds even though there is the “limited income” expressed as the “non‐increasing wage/investment ratio” for each generation. Moreover, it shows the convergence of growth rates for each country, which is unique and constant, while the growth rate per capita negatively relates with each country's population growth rate. Also, there is no “poverty trap” with the introduction of externalities that is different from existing literature.
Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the IL27 Gene with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Paradowska‐Gorycka A. , Raszkiewicz B. , Jurkowska M. , Felis‐Giemza A. , Romanowska‐Prochnicka K. , Mańczak M. , Olesinska M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the autoimmune diseases, where different polymorphisms in cytokine genes play a pathogenic role. Interleukin 27 (IL‐27) is a novel pro‐/anti‐inflammatory cytokine, an excellent candidate for chronic inflammatory disease studies. The aim of the study was to identify polymorphisms in the IL‐27 gene and their possible association with susceptibility to and severity of RA. Two hundred and seventy‐four patients with RA and of 295 healthy individuals were examined for −924A/G and 4730T/C IL27 gene polymorphisms using PCR‐RFLP method and TaqMan SNP genotyping assay, respectively. Haplotype frequencies of IL‐27 polymorphisms were estimated using SHEsis platform. Frequencies of the −924GG genotype and the −924G allele were statistically higher in RA patients comparing with the healthy control group (P = 0.008 and P = 0.004, respectively). Overall, strong LD was observed between the IL27 gene −924A/G and 4730 T/C polymorphisms (D′ = 0.613, r2 = 0.199). From four possible haplotypes, frequencies of two (CA and CG) showed significant differences between both examined groups (respectively: P < 0.001 and P = 0.001062). The genotype–phenotype analysis showed significant association between the IL‐27 4730 T/C polymorphism and HAQ score and means value of the ESR, additionally they revealed that individuals with the polymorphic allele −924G had more advanced disease than wild‐type allele carriers. Present findings indicated that IL27 −924A/G polymorphism may be involved in susceptibility to RA in the Polish population.
Does Fusarium‐caused seed mortality contribute to Bromus tectorum stand failure in the Great Basin?
Authors: Meyer S E , Franke J‐L , Baughman O W , Beckstead J , Geary B 
Published: July 2014

SummaryBromus tectorum (cheatgrass, downy brome) is an important invader in western North America, dominating millions of hectares of former semi‐arid shrubland. Stand failure or ‘die‐off’ is relatively common in monocultures of this annual grass. The study reported here investigated whether soil‐borne pathogens could be causal agents in die‐offs. Soils from two die‐off areas and adjacent B. tectorum stands were used in a glasshouse experiment with sterilised and non‐sterilised treatments. Soil sterilisation did not increase emergence, which averaged 80% in both die‐off and non‐die‐off soils. Seedling biomass was higher in die‐off soils, probably due to increased nitrogen availability. Fusarium was isolated from 80% of killed seeds in non‐sterilised soil treatments. In pathogenicity tests with 16 Fusarium isolates, host seeds incubated under water stress (−1.5MPa for 1 week prior to transfer to free water) suffered over twice the mortality of seeds incubated directly in free water (25–83% with water stress vs. 5–43% without water stress). These results suggest that soil‐borne Fusarium could play a role in B. tectorum stand failure in the field, but that low water stress conditions in the glasshouse experiment were not conducive to high levels of disease. Pathogenic Fusarium isolates were obtained from seeds planted in both die‐off and non‐die‐off soils, suggesting that microenvironmental factors that affect levels of water stress might be as important as relative abundance of soil‐borne pathogens in mediating spatial patterns of disease incidence in the field.
Noninvasive referencing of intraocular tumors for external beam radiation therapy using optical coherence tomography: A proof of concept
Authors: Rüegsegger Michael B. , Geiser Dominik , Steiner Patrick , Pica Alessia , Aebersold Daniel M. , Kowal Jens H. 
Published: July 2014

Purpose:External beam radiation therapy is currently considered the most common treatment modality for intraocular tumors. Localization of the tumor and efficient compensation of tumor misalignment with respect to the radiation beam are crucial. According to the state of the art procedure, localization of the target volume is indirectly performed by the invasive surgical implantation of radiopaque clips or is limited to positioning the head using stereoscopic radiographies. This work represents a proof‐of‐concept for direct and noninvasive tumor referencing based on anterior eye topography acquired using optical coherence tomography (OCT).Methods:A prototype of a head‐mounted device has been developed for automatic monitoring of tumor position and orientation in the isocentric reference frame for LINAC based treatment of intraocular tumors. Noninvasive tumor referencing is performed with six degrees of freedom based on anterior eye topography acquired using OCT and registration of a statistical eye model. The proposed prototype was tested based on enucleated pig eyes and registration accuracy was measured by comparison of the resulting transformation with tilt and torsion angles manually induced using a custom‐made test bench.Results:Validation based on 12 enucleated pig eyes revealed an overall average registration error of 0.26 ± 0.08° in 87 ± 0.7 ms for tilting and 0.52 ± 0.03° in 94 ± 1.4 ms for torsion. Furthermore, dependency of sampling density on mean registration error was quantitatively assessed.Conclusions:The tumor referencing method presented in combination with the statistical eye model introduced in the past has the potential to enable noninvasive treatment and may improve quality, efficacy, and flexibility of external beam radiotherapy of intraocular tumors.
SU‐C‐17A‐07: The Development of An MR Accelerator‐Enabled Planning‐To‐Delivery Technique for Stereotactic Palliative Radiotherapy Treatment of Spinal Metastases
Authors: Hoogcarspel S J , Kontaxis C , van der Velden J M , Bol G H , van Vulpen M , Lagendijk J J W , Raaymakers B W 
Published: July 2014

Purpose:To develop an MR accelerator‐enabled online planning‐todelivery technique for stereotactic palliative radiotherapy treatment of spinal metastases. The technical challenges include; automated stereotactic treatment planning, online MR‐based dose calculation and MR guidance during treatment.Methods:Using the CT data of 20 patients previously treated at our institution, a class solution for automated treatment planning for spinal bone metastases was created. For accurate dose simulation right before treatment, we fused geometrically correct online MR data with pretreatment CT data of the target volume (TV). For target tracking during treatment, a dynamic T2‐weighted TSE MR sequence was developed. An in house developed GPU based IMRT optimization and dose calculation algorithm was used for fast treatment planning and simulation. An automatically generated treatment plan developed with this treatment planning system was irradiated on a clinical 6 MV linear accelerator and evaluated using a Delta4 dosimeter.Results:The automated treatment planning method yielded clinically viable plans for all patients. The MR‐CT fusion based dose calculation accuracy was within 2% as compared to calculations performed with original CT data. The dynamic T2‐weighted TSE MR Sequence was able to provide an update of the anatomical location of the TV every 10 seconds. Dose calculation and optimization of the automatically generated treatment plans using only one GPU took on average 8 minutes. The Delta4 measurement of the irradiated plan agreed with the dose calculation with a 3%/3mm gamma pass rate of 86.4%.Conclusions:The development of an MR accelerator‐enabled planning‐todelivery technique for stereotactic palliative radiotherapy treatment of spinal metastases was presented. Future work will involve developing an intrafraction motion adaptation strategy, MR‐only dose calculation, radiotherapy quality‐assurance in a magnetic field, and streamlining the entire treatment process on an MR accelerator.
SU‐C‐18A‐01: Online Atlas Selection Using 3D Gabor Features
Authors: Yang J , Beadle B , Balter P , Court L 
Published: July 2014

Purpose:To develop and validate 3D Gabor features for on‐the‐fly selection of the best atlas to improve atlas‐based segmentation.Methods:Twenty‐one planning CT images of head and neck cancer patients were acquired and the submandibular glands and esophagus were contoured manually by a head‐and‐neck oncologist. One image was randomly chosen as the test and the remaining became the atlases. All atlases were rigidly registered to the test image and the union of the transformed atlas contours defined a local region for each organ. A bank of 3D Gabor filters was created with different scales and directions in the 3D space. These filters were applied to each image in the defined local region to extract 3D Gabor features, which are composed of the mean and standard deviation of each Gabor filtered 3D data. A distance metric was defined for Gabor features to determine the similarity between an atlas and the test image. For validation, the organ contours of all atlases were deformed to the test image and compared with the manual contour using Dice similarity coefficient, which determined the actual similarity.Results:A number of 144 Gabor filters (4 scales and 36 directions) was created to extract Gabor features for submandibular glands. The best atlas identified by the Gabor features was actually the second best atlas determined by the Dice value (71.7%); however, it is very close to the actual best atlas (73.3%). Similarly, a number of 48 Gabor filters (3 scales and 16 directions) was created for selecting the best esophagus atlas. The Gabor features identified the three best atlases exactly as they were determined by the Dice values.Conclusion:The 3D Gabor features showed great potential for online atlas selection to improve atlas‐based segmentation.This work was partially supported by a sponsored research grant from Varian Medical Systems.
SU‐C‐18A‐02: Image‐Based Camera Tracking: Towards Registration of Endoscopic Video to CT
Authors: Ingram S , Yang J , Beadle B , Rao A , Wendt R , Castillo R , Court L 
Published: July 2014

Purpose:Endoscopic examinations are routinely performed on head and neck and esophageal cancer patients. However, these images are underutilized for radiation therapy because there is currently no way to register them to a CT of the patient. The purpose of this work is to develop a method to track the motion of an endoscope within a structure using images from standard clinical equipment. This method will be incorporated into a broader endoscopy/CT registration framework.Methods:We developed a software algorithm to track the motion of an endoscope within an arbitrary structure. We computed frame‐to‐frame rotation and translation of the camera by tracking surface points across the video sequence and utilizing two‐camera epipolar geometry. The resulting 3D camera path was used to recover the surrounding structure via triangulation methods. We tested this algorithm on a rigid cylindrical phantom with a pattern spray‐painted on the inside. We did not constrain the motion of the endoscope while recording, and we did not constrain our measurements using the known structure of the phantom.Results:Our software algorithm can successfully track the general motion of the endoscope as it moves through the phantom. However, our preliminary data do not show a high degree of accuracy in the triangulation of 3D point locations. More rigorous data will be presented at the annual meeting.Conclusion:Image‐based camera tracking is a promising method for endoscopy/CT image registration, and it requires only standard clinical equipment. It is one of two major components needed to achieve endoscopy/CT registration, the second of which is tying the camera path to absolute patient geometry. In addition to this second component, future work will focus on validating our camera tracking algorithm in the presence of clinical imaging features such as patient motion, erratic camera motion, and dynamic scene illumination.
SU‐C‐18A‐07: The Importance of Image Processing for Simulated Deformations
Authors: Kirby N , Morin O , Nie K , Chen J , Pouliot J 
Published: July 2014

Purpose:Deformations can be digitally applied to patient images to evaluate the accuracy of deformable image registration (DIR). However, this can also deform image noise and artifacts, leaving a fingerprint of the underlying deformation that could skew accuracy determination. Image processing can be used to erase this fingerprint and create a more realistic DIR test scenario. The importance of image processing to simulated deformations is tested here.Methods:These tests utilize a virtual pelvic phantom, made from a patient CT image, and a pelvic‐shaped water phantom to acquire noise signatures. Two image‐filtering techniques are tested here: a spatial convolution with a Gaussian (SCG) and an edgepreserving filter (EPF) that preferentially removes the Fourier components associated with noise. Four different processing scenarios are evaluated here. The first is no processing (NP). For the second, noise from the water phantom is added to the set of test images without filtering (NF). The third and fourth scenarios add noise after applying the SCG and EPF filtering methods. EPF provides the most realistic test scenario. These processing scenarios are tested for their effect on the spatial accuracy of the DIR algorithms from MIM Software and Velocity Medical Solution.Results:For NP, NF, SCG, and EPF, the mean errors from MIM were 0.78, 1.11, 1.44, and 1.24 mm, respectively. The corresponding maximum errors for MIM were 21.7, 18.8, 26.1, and 21.1 mm, respectively. Velocity was relatively insensitive to these different processing scenarios, where the mean errors ranged from 1.66 to 1.74 mm and the maximum errors from 12.1 to 12.4 mm.Conclusion:Velocity creates globally smooth deformations, whereas MIM exhibits much more local pliability. This local pliability makes MIM sensitive to differences in image processing. Thus, an objective evaluation of its accuracy with simulated deformations must utilize realistic noise scenarios, with carefully balanced image processing.