bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2148 – Agomelatine Augmentation In Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Tzavellas E. , Karaiskos D. , Ilias I. , Liappas I. , Paparrigopoulos T. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAugmentation treatment has been the subject of several studies in treatment-resistant obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). We hypothesized that medications with a dual action on the melatoninergic and serotoninergic systems may be of use in treatment-resistant OCD.Objectives/aimsIn this open label study we investigated the efficacy and safety of agomelatine augmentation in treatmentresistant OCD.MethodsTwelve patients, aged 18–50, fulfilling OCD criteria, with no response to a 16-week or longer treatment with a selective serotonine reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) at the indicated dose, were assigned to receive agomelatine augmentation. Subjects were assessed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), and were screened for treatmentemergent side effects at baseline, week 8 and week 12 of treatment.ResultsThe overall Y-BOCS score fell during the duration of the study (all comparisons among baseline, 8th week and 16th week were statistically significant, p < 0.01). On the obsession Y-BOCS scale a drop was noted, which led to statistical significance at the 16th week of the study (p < 0.05). Regarding the compulsion Y-BOCS scale a drop was also noted, particularly from baseline to the 8th week of the study (p < 0.01). Dizziness (16.6%) and headache (8.4%) were the most often reported side effects of treatment.ConclusionAgomelatine could be efficacious and well tolerated as an augmenting agent in refractory to treatment OCD. Further controlled studies are warranted to explore the efficacy of agomelatine, as well as the potential role of circadian rhythm modulation both in the pathophysiology and treatment of OCD.
2151 – Psychosocial Rehabilitation: Issues And Problems Of The Developing Countries
Authors: Varma V. 
Published: July 2013

Psychosocial rehabilitation can be viewed in terms of the impact of mental illness on social functioning so as to contain the illness-related problems. In the developing countries, there is need to develop approaches for both social and occupational rehabilitation. Most developing countries lack resources to be applied to this end, e.g. state-supported welfare programmes, sheltered workshops, half-way houses, etc. Hence models need to be developed suited to the need, constraints and the philosophy of the country.The approach to supervised housing has been much developed in the West. In this regard, a basic question is the applicability and implementation of the formal, “democratic”, egalitarian set-up of such half-way homes to the traditional social structure of many developing countries. The functioning of half-way homes in the West also involves deliberate role-playing.Thus, half-way homes need to be adapted in the traditional societies. The formal structured may be replaced by an organization resembling a large family with the members assigned filial roles. Also, the dependency needs, the respect for elders and the indulgence and dependability of members towards each other can be exploited in the organization of half-way homes and for the therapeutic and health-promotive goals.
2153 – Changing Family Structure And Mental Health Services In The United States
Authors: Varma V. 
Published: July 2013

There has been a sea change in the United States, for example, in the last 30-40 years in family integrity and support. The classical dyadic marital relationship for life has largely disappeared. In olden days, there used to a husband and a wife, wedded for most of adult life, and the resultant children, all full siblings. It has given way to what has been described as serial monogamy. In addition, there has been a large-scale increase in living together without marriage. Children can be full siblings, half-siblings and step-siblings. It is often difficult to keep track of them, even for the persons concerned. It creates major strains for children. “Your children and my children are beating our children.”At the same time, the U.S. suffers from a continuing problem in providing for health care services, often hotly debated. About 15% of the total population does not have any health insurance and lacks the resources to meet health care costs. It is much higher for minorities and the poor. More importantly, as much as about 30% of the mentally ill lack it. As opposed to many other countries, the U.S. does not have a state-supported universal health care coverage. A major problem in outpatient services in mental health centres is to arrange medication for the patients.Many third world countries are toying with the idea of private health insurance. The U.S. experience is a lesson for them, to be seriously considered.
2162 – The Effective Bipolar Disorder In The Childhood. About a Case
Authors: Márquez Ligero F.J. , Delgado Duran T. 
Published: July 2013

Our case is about a 7-year-old male sent our consulting room to be studied because of a possible ADHD. A low expressive language withizing a speech therapist's treatment. The patient presents symptoms that consist of impulsiveness, low tolerance to the frustration, motive hyperactivity and disruptive behaviour at school and family situations. During his evolution the above mentioned disruptive behaviours are confirmed, the consist if isolate episodes o psycomotive excitement and heteroaggressiveness, most of the time without previous factors which caused it. After the onset of neuroleptic treatment, It's observed a notable improvement about patient's symptomatology, though his case is still been studied.The bipolar disorder in children and teenagers is a controversial topic from which many studies that support it don’t exist at the moment. It's estimated an advantage of 0.3% – 0.5% in patients under 10-year-old. Its showing is atypical and diffuse, emphasizing the behavioral alterations, the explosivity showed as “effective storms”, the early hyperactivity and the presence of psychotic symptoms, though specific diagnostic criterias for these ages have not been elaborated. As approximately 50% of these patients have been diagnosed of ADHD previously, we consider that this clinical case is important because the main symptoms of Bipolar Disorder appear during the childhood.
2172 – Lithium Treatment In 25 Octuagenarians Affected By Mood Disorders
Authors: Raja S. , Raja M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe aim of the study is to provide information about lithium effectiveness and safety in the treatment of very old patients with mood disorders.SubjectsAll patients aged ≥75 years attending our private practice in the past 10 years.ResultsWe treated 183 subjects aged ≥75 years. 25 were in the lithium group and 138 in the no-lithium group. Bipolar disorder diagnosis and history of previous suicide attempts were more frequent in the Li group. Mean duration of lithium treatment was 31.3 ± 35.0 months. Mean daily dose of lithium was 390 (± 178.5) mg. Treatment with lithium was associated with better Clinical General Impression-Improvement scores than other psychopharmacological treatments. Rates of discontinuation were not significantly different between lithium and other treatments. In no patient, hypothyroidism or renal failure were major clinical problems.T4 treatment (a proxy for hypothyroidism) was prescribed to 8 (32%) of lithium-treated patients. Lithium was withdrawn in 6 (24%) patients.The reasons for the suspension of lithium were:1)Unproven effectiveness of the drug for the individual patient.2)Occurrence of serious cardiac or renal disease, independent of the use of lithium.3)Erratic and unpredictable metabolism of lithium in the very elderly.4)Poor compliance (two cases).5)Age related spontaneous mitigation of the disease.DiscussionLithium can be valuable in the treatment of elderly patients, with adequate precautions. Elderly patients require lithium dosages that are 25 to 50% lower than those used in younger individuals. A single bedtime dosing regimen is recommended.
2173 – Psychiatric Symptoms In Patients Affected By Huntington Disease
Authors: Raja M. , Piano C. , Petracca M. , Bentivoglio A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe aim of the study is to assess the epidemiology of psychiatric symptoms in patients with Huntington Disease (HD).Subjects and methodsAll patients affected by HD attending our Movement Disorder Clinic in a 3-year period were evaluated by the Unified Huntington’ Disease Rating Scale and by the BPRS.ResultsAmong 70 patients, 61 (87.1%) presented depressive symptoms in the course of illness, 56 (80.0%) anxiety, 36 (51.4%) manic symptoms, 47 (67.1%) irritability, 15 (21.4%) delusions, 9 (12.4%) hallucinations, 23 (32.9%) obsessivecompulsive symptoms, 57 (83.7%) apathy, 28 (40%) aggressiveness/violence, 26 (37.1%) suicidality, and 29 (41.4%) dementia.DiscussionThe results show that the nature of psychiatric manifestations cannot be generalized across all patients with HD for several reasons:1)in the course of HD, symptoms change spontaneously reflecting the degenerative pathogenesis of the disease;2)the phenomenology of symptoms depends on age of onset, patient's gender, number of CAG triplets, gender of the affected parent;3)drugs used to improve motor symptoms have psychiatric side effects which superimpose and merge with the mental abnormalities of the disease;4)Huntington’ gene is just one of the 30,000 expressed in the brain.Therefore, the symptoms induced by the disease depend not only on the specific abnormal gene causing the disease but also on patient's general genetic background of both paternal and maternal origin, and on personal non genetic factors.Rather than standardized approaches, the continuous re-evaluation of psychopathological dimensions in the individual patient with HD is essential for the proper management.
2177 – Neuroanatomical Changes Associated With Subthreshold Depression In Adolescents
Authors: Vulser H. , Paillere-Martinot M.-L. , Lemaitre H. , Miranda R. , Artiges E. , Goodman R. , Penttilä J. , Struve M. , Fadai T. , Kappel V. , Poustka L. , Conrod P. , Banaschewski T. , Barbot A. , Barker G.J. , Büchel C. , Flor H. , Gallinat J. , Garavan H. , Heinz A. , Ittermann B. , Lawrence C. , Loth E. , Mann K. , Paus T. , Pausova Z. , Rietschel M. , Robbins T.W. , Smolka M. , Schumann G. , Martinot J.-L. ,   IMAGEN Consortium
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAlthough neuroimaging studies suggest brain regional abnormalities in depressive disorders, it remains unclear whether abnormalities are present at illness onset or reflect disease progression.ObjectivesWe hypothesized that cerebral variations were present in adolescents with subthreshold depression known to be at high risk for later full-blown depression.AimsWe examined brain structural and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images of adolescents with subthreshold depression.MethodsThe participants were extracted from the European IMAGEN study cohort of healthy adolescents recruited at age 14. Subthreshold depression was defined as a distinct period of abnormally depressed or irritable mood, or loss of interest, plus two or more depressive symptoms but without diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode. Comparisons were performed between adolescents meeting these criteria and control adolescents within the T1-weighted imaging modality (118 and 475 adolescents respectively) using voxel-based morphometry and the diffusion tensor imaging modality (89 ad 422 adolescents respectively) using tract-based spatial statistics. Whole brain analyses were performed with a statistical threshold set to p< 0.05 corrected for multiple comparisons.ResultsCompared with controls, adolescents with subthreshold depression had smaller gray matter volume in caudate nuclei, medial frontal and cingulate cortices; smaller white matter volume in anterior limb of internal capsules, left forceps minor and right cingulum; and lower fractional anisotropy and higher radial diffusivity in the genu of corpus callosum.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that adolescents with subthreshold depression have volumetric and microstructural gray and white matter changes in the emotion regulation frontal-striatal-limbic network.
2180 – Non-suicidal Self-injury And Interpersonal Violence In Suicide Attempters
Authors: Sahlin Berg H. , Moberg T. , Hirvikoski T. , Jokinen J. 
Published: July 2013

There is increasing evidence for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) as a risk factor for future suicidal behavior. Although sparse, research has shown that individuals who engage in both NSSI and suicide attempts (SA) have more complex psychopathology, lower psychosocial functioning and more self-rated aggression and impulsivity than individuals with NSSI alone or SA alone. Both exposure to interpersonal violence as a child and expressed violent behaviour as an adult are risk factors for completed suicide. The current study compares characteristics of suicidal behaviour and interpersonal violence in suicide attempters with and without a history of NSSI. A total of 100 suicide attempters (33 men and 67 women) were enrolled in the study and assessed with Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale (KIVS) and Karolinska Suicide History Interview concerning interpersonal violence and NSSI.ResultsThere was a high degree of comorbid NSSI in our sample of suicide attempters (44%). Suicide attempters with both behaviours reported more interpersonal violence as adults (Z=3.0, p=0.003) and more severe suicidal behaviour compared to suicide attempters without NSSI. Comorbid NSSI in suicide attempters seems to be related to severity of suicidal behaviour differently in male and female suicide attempters. Comorbid NSSI in suicide attempters may increase suicide and violence risk, and methods for assessment of both violence and NSSI are important for targeting and intervention.
2184 – Effectiveness Of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (g-cbt) In Bipolar Affective Disorder Patients
Authors: Kopsahili I. , Papadaki R. , Giakoumaki S.G. , Tsapakis E.M. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundOur aim was to examine the role of Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (G-CBT) in increasing compliance to pharmacological treatment, and in preventing relapse in BPD type I (BPD-I) patients participating in group CBT at ‘Aghios Charalambos’ Mental Health Centre.MethodsForty patients [20 female and 20 male, age range 30–55 years, mean age 45 years] diagnosed with BPD-I attended a 60 min G-CBT session twice a week for 16 weeks. All patients were normothymic and stable on medication before entering G-CBT. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) were used to monitor mood symptoms at 3 time-points (baseline, on completion of the 16 weeks’ period and at the one year follow-up visit). Objective and subjective functioning was rated using the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale and psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) at the same time points. Treatment provided was based on CBT principles and was conducted by two CBT-trained psychologists.ResultsSeparate one-way ANOVA's with time interval (3 levels; baseline, 16 weeks, 1 year) as the between-subjects factor, for each scale were conducted. Both the GAF scale's and mood scale's scores increased significantly in the post-treatment stage at 16 weeks and at the 1 year follow-up visit.ConclusionsThe combination of G-CBT and pharmacological treatment proved to be effective in significantly improving adherence to treatment in patients undergoing bipolar affective disorder rehabilitation both following 16 weeks of G-CBT and at the 1 year follow-up visit.
2186 – Puerperal Madness: a Case Report
Authors: Rodrigues S. , Cortinas A. , Costa I. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPostpartum psychosis occurs in 1 of 500 mothers, with rapid onset in the first 2-4 weeks after delivery. It is considered a psychiatric emergency and usually results in inpatient psychiatric hospitalization. Infanticide is one of the most serious risks of postpartum psychosis.ObjectiveThe purpose of this article is to report a clinical case of Postpartum Psychosis.MethodsCase study and review of the literature.ResultsA 38 year old woman developed a clinical picture characterized by agitation, irritability, mood swings, hyperactivity, disorganized behavior and insomnia, within the first week after delivery. She had no history of mental illness and no family history of mood disorder. The patient was hospitalized to study this first episode of Psychosis occurring after the childbirth of her second son.Discussion and conclusionPostpartum psychosis impacts 0.2% of women of childbearing. The recurrence rate is about one in four pregnancies. Postpartum psychosis is considered a psychiatric emergency due to the potential for catastrophic suicide and/or suicide. Treatment with haloperidol should be used with caution, because dangerous side-effects including neuroleptic malignant syndrome have been reported. The newer neuroleptic drugs, seem to be safer. Women with a history of bipolar disorder or postpartum psychosis are at extremely high risk of relapse postpartum. Some authors recommend initiating prophylactic treatment immediately postpartum in women with a history of psychosis limited to the postpartum period.
2188 – Cognitive Decline And Somatic Complaints In War Veterans And Former Young Prisoners Of Nazi Concentration Camps
Authors: Evstegneeva N. , Mikhailova E. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundMany studies suggest that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in some children after severe stress may become a chronic mental illness. According to Peters J.J. (2006), PTSD is associated with the acceleration of age-related memory decline. At the same time, this disorder is characterized by dissociative reliving of the trauma. Guez J. (2011) proved that traumatic stress is linked to a deficit in associative episodic memory. Although PTSD is associated with chronic pain, while there is evidence for reduced pain sensitivity in this disorder.The aim of our study was to compare the level of cognitive impairment, as well as the intensity and frequency of disturbing physical symptoms (pain), and the incidence of cerebrovascular diseases (arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke) in two groups of patients: the first one - former war participants, and the second one - former young prisoners of Nazi concentration camps.All patients have suffered severe stress associated with war in the past. We had evaluated the patients’ complaints, and studied their medical history, emotional state, cognitive functions and coping strategies.ResultsOur patients from second group more often had high blood pressure somatic complaints proved to be significantly more frequent in this group, demonstrating reduced tolerance to pain in former prisoners. They also had the tendency to depressive reactions and poor performance on cognitive tests.However, in patients with PTSD verbal memory was better than without PTSD in both groups.
2189 – Ganglioglioma And Psychosis - An Unusual Association
Authors: Bairrão M. , Viveiros V. , Barbosa A. 
Published: July 2013

Gangliogliomas are rare tumors, comprising less than 1% of all brain tumors, predominating in the early decades of life, with strong association with long term intractable epilepsy. In 90% of the cases they are located in the temporal lobe and overall a good prognosis is expected.With this poster the authors report a case of a 38-year-old male patient, clinically stabilized with psychotropic drugs, who was diagnosed for six years with undifferentiated schizophrenia. Recently, he started with seizures which lead to the diagnose of ganglioglioma. Due to the need of surgical resection the psychotropic drugs were suspended. Consequently, the psychotic symptoms reappeared with more intensity and resistance to the treatment.A retrospective and detailed analysis of the psychiatric and neurologic diagnosis conducts to a thorough discussion over the possible associations between these two entities without excluding an eventual causality. The authors aim to review and discuss the relevance of this topic, highlightening the racional use of imaging studies in order to exclude organic diseases in patients with first episode psychosis.
2194 – Association Between Lower Limb Edema And Acute Mania
Authors: Hochman E. , Krivoy A. , Weizman A. , Fischel T. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionLower Limb Edema (LLE) is a common finding among admitted psychiatric patients in general and is associated with agitated state. Possible explanations include general medical condition and treatment adverse effects.ObjectivesTo determine association between LLE and the type of psychiatric exacerbations among hospitalized patients.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted using medical data from 2529 patients admitted to Geha mental Health Center between 2002 and 2012. Incident cases of LLE and the type of psychiatric exacerbation were included. A logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for LLE among patients admitted to psychiatric hospital for manic episode, psychotic episode or depressive episode.ResultsLower limb edema was diagnosed in 95 of 2529 admitted patients (3.8%). Edema was found in 38 of 366 cases of manic episode (10.4%), 41 of 1563 cases of psychotic episode (2.6%) and 16 of 600 cases of depressive episode (2.7%).OR of LLE was 4.3 (95% CI, 2.7-6.7) for manic episode vs. psychotic episode and 4.2 (95% CI, 2.3-7.6) for manic episode vs. depressive episode. Applying a multivariate model adjusted for age, sex, number of past admissions, length of hospitalization, substance abuse, cardiovascular and endocrine co-morbidities, pulse, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score and blood test results did not substantially altered the risk for LLE associated with manic episode vs. psychotic episode(OR, 4.1 [95% CI, 1.6-9.9]).ConclusionsAdmission to psychiatric hospital for manic episode was associated with significantly increased risk for LLE.
2195 – An Evaluation Of The Dual-pathway Model Of Binge Eating In Italian Adolescent Boys: a Longitudinal Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Dakanalis A. , Clerici M. , Timko A.C. , Berrone C. , Favagrossa L. , Pagani Bagliacca E. , Riva G. , Zanetti A.M. , Volpato C. , Madeddu F. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionStudies conducted with American and Australian samples of pre-adolescents and adolescent girls support the tenets of Stice and colleagues’ dual-pathway (DP) model. The DP model is a cohesive framework for understanding how sociocultural pressures are translated into behavioural and negative affect risk factors potentially promoting binge eating. Males are likely to exhibit sub-threshold binge eating disorder and are roughly equal to females in regard to the number of cases of any binge eating. To date, only preliminary support has been provided for the validity of the DP model's core predictions with adolescent males.ObjectivesThe current prospective study examined the suitability of the DM model in other western cultures (such as an Italian one) where adolescent boys are characterised by high levels of eating and body-related disturbances in response to sociocultural pressure.Method221 Italian adolescent boys (Mage = 14.9) were examined at Baseline and after 1-year through semi-structured clinical interviews and self-reported measures. Data were analysed via a latent variable longitudinal structural equation modeling approach.ResultsPerceived pressure and internalization of societal ideals regarding male body shape led to body dissatisfaction, which in turn led to dietary restriction. Both body dissatisfaction and dietary restriction predicted negative affect, which in turn predicted binge eating. However, data did not support the relationship between body mass index and body dissatisfaction or between dietary restriction and binge eating.ConclusionsThe prospective validity of the DP model was partially supported in adolescent boys: body dissatisfaction predicted binge eating only via negative affect.