bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence‐ and consensus‐based (S3) Guidelines for the Treatment of Actinic Keratosis – International League of Dermatological Societies in cooperation with the European Dermatology Forum – Short version
Authors: Werner R.N. , Stockfleth E. , Connolly S.M. , Correia O. , Erdmann R. , Foley P. , Gupta A.K. , Jacobs A. , Kerl H. , Lim H.W. , Martin G. , Paquet M. , Pariser D.M. , Rosumeck S. , Röwert‐Huber H.‐J. , Sahota A. , Sangueza O.P. , Shumack S. , Sporbeck B. , Swanson N.A. , Torezan L. , Nast A. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundActinic keratosis (AK) is a frequent health condition attributable to chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Several treatment options are available and evidence based guidelines are missing.ObjectivesThe goal of these evidence‐ and consensus‐based guidelines was the development of treatment recommendations appropriate for different subgroups of patients presenting with AK. A secondary aim of these guidelines was the implementation of knowledge relating to the clinical background of AK, including consensus‐based recommendations for the histopathological definition, diagnosis and the assessment of patients.MethodsThe guidelines development followed a pre‐defined and structured process. For the underlying systematic literature review of interventions for AK, the methodology suggested by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology was adapted. All recommendations were consented during a consensus conference using a formal consensus methodology. Strength of recommendations was expressed based on the GRADE approach. If expert opinion without external evidence was incorporated into the reasoning for making a certain recommendation, the rationale was provided. The Guidelines underwent open public review and approval by the commissioning societies.ResultsVarious interventions for the treatment of AK have been assessed for their efficacy. The consenting procedure led to a treatment algorithm as shown in the guidelines document. Based on expert consensus, the present guidelines present recommendations on the classification of patients, diagnosis and histopathological definition of AK. Details on the methods and results of the systematic literature review and guideline development process have been published separately.ConclusionsInternational guidelines are intended to be adapted to national or regional circumstances (regulatory approval, availability and reimbursement of treatments).
Frequency of undiagnosed psoriatic arthritis among psoriasis patients in Australian dermatology practice
Authors: Spelman L. , Su J.C. , Fernandez‐Peñas P. , Varigos G.A. , Cooper A.J. , Baker C.S. , Lee M. , Ring J.M. , Thirunavukkarasu K. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundPsoriatic arthritis commonly develops in psoriasis patients and, if undiagnosed, can lead to potentially avoidable joint damage and an increased risk of comorbidity and mortality. Increased awareness of PsA symptoms among dermatologists provides an opportunity for earlier diagnosis, more timely therapy and prevention of disability.ObjectiveTo provide Australian epidemiological data on the frequency of undiagnosed PsA among psoriasis patients in dermatology practice, and to investigate the impact of psoriasis on quality of life and work productivity.MethodsNine tertiary centre dermatology practices enrolled patients presenting with plaque psoriasis and no prior rheumatologist‐confirmed PsA diagnosis. Patients were screened using the Psoriatic Arthritis Screening and Evaluation (PASE) questionnaire and were referred to a rheumatologist for assessment of PsA status using CASPAR criteria if they had a PASE score ≥44.ResultsBased on the composite and sequential application of PASE and CASPAR criteria, undiagnosed PsA among psoriasis patients in this study is 9% [95% CI: 6, 12]. The PPV of PASE in this setting is 26% [95% CI: 19, 34]. Nail involvement and chronic large plaque psoriasis were identified as independent positive predictors of PsA, whereas scalp psoriasis was an independent negative predictor of PsA. Patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis (PASI ≥15) had lower quality of life scores than patients with less severe psoriasis.ConclusionIn this study, the frequency of undiagnosed PsA in Australian dermatology practice was 9% among plaque psoriasis patients with no prior PsA diagnosis. Compared with psoriasis alone, the impact of undiagnosed PsA on health‐related quality of life of psoriasis patients is substantial.
Analytical evaluation of nine serological assays for diagnosis of syphilis
Authors: Malm K. , Andersson S. , Fredlund H. , Norrgren H. , Biague A. , Månsson F. , Ballard R. , Unemo M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of syphilis is most frequently dependent on antibody detection with serological assays. Assays for both treponemal and non‐treponemal antibodies are needed to provide a sensitive and specific diagnosis. For decades, a first screening has been done with non‐treponemal assays, followed by treponemal. However, in recent years, following laboratory automation, the reverse sequence screening algorithms have been developed, using a treponemal assay as the initial screening test.ObjectiveTo evaluate serological assays for treponemal and non‐treponemal antibodies, to use in reverse algorithm screening of syphilis.Material and methodsSix treponemal assays (one IgM‐specific assay), two non‐treponemal assays and one novel dual point‐of‐care (POC) assay for serological diagnosis of syphilis were evaluated. Serum samples from Guinea‐Bissau and Sweden were examined, as well as two performance panels and samples from blood donors. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for each assay, using different assays as gold standard test.ResultsThe Macro‐Vue RPR Card test was the most sensitive non‐treponemal test and the TrepSure Anti‐Treponema EIA Screen and the SeroDia TP‐PA were the most sensitive and specific treponemal assays. Among the automated assays, both the Liaison Treponema Screen and Architect Syphilis TP showed high sensitivity, however, the former had clearly higher specificity.ConclusionsIn resourced settings, where the reverse sequence algorithm is preferred for screening, an automated treponemal immunoassay for initial screening subsequently followed by the TrepSure test or TP‐PA assay as a second treponemal assay appear highly effective. Finally, a quantitative highly sensitive non‐treponemal assay, e.g. the Macro‐Vue RPR Card test, could then be used as a supplementary test to evaluate activity of the syphilis infection.
Yellow and orange in cutaneous lesions: clinical and dermoscopic data
Authors: Bañuls J. , Arribas P. , Berbegal L. , DeLeón F. J. , Francés L. , Zaballos P. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractColour of the lesions is clue for the clinical and dermoscopic diagnosis. Nevertheless, we have detected in the literature an uneven relevance of the colours as a diagnostic criterion. Thus, while red, brown and blue have taken important role in dermoscopic descriptions, other like yellow and orange have been given much less importance. This article reviews those lesions in which the yellow and orange colours have been considered constitutive or essential for diagnosis, and on the other hand it emphasizes the entities in which may appear these colours and are not well reflected in the literature. We believe that organize all this information will help us in a better understanding of these pathologies.
European EADV network on assessment of severity and burden of Pruritus (PruNet): first meeting on outcome tools
Authors: Ständer S. , Zeidler C. , Riepe C. , Steinke S. , Fritz F. , Bruland P. , Soto‐Rey I. , Storck M. , Agner T. , Augustin M. , Blome C. , Dalgard F. , Evers A.W.M. , Garcovich S. , Gonçalo M. , Lambert J. , Legat F.J. , Leslie T. , Misery L. , Raap U. , Reich A. , Şavk E. , Streit M. , Serra‐Baldrich E. , Szepietowski J. , Wallengren J. , Weisshaar E. , Dugas M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundChronic pruritus is a frequently occurring symptom of various dermatoses that causes a high burden and impaired quality of life. An effective anti pruritic therapy is important for the patient, but its effectiveness is difficult to evaluate. Diverse methods and interpretations of pruritic metrics are utilized in clinical trials and the daily clinical practice in different countries, resulting in difficulties comparing collected data.MethodsWe founded a European Network on Assessment of Severity and Burden of Pruritus (PruNet) that is supported by the EADV. PruNet consists of 28 experts from 15 EU countries (21 dermatologists, 5 medical informaticists, 2 psychologists) and aims to unify the assessment of itch in routine dermatological care. Following a preliminary survey, a consensus conference was held in order to agree upon the prioritization of patient‐reported outcome tools.ResultsThrough utilizing the Delphi method, it was agreed that tools for measuring itch intensity (ex. the visual analogue scale) and quality of life (ex. ItchyQoL) are of primary importance and should urgently be foremost validated.ConclusionThe validation and harmonization of standards are needed for the improvement of quality care for patients suffering from pruritic dermatoses. This summer, the first validation studies in several EADV member countries already began.
Using social media for knowledge translation, promotion of evidence‐based medicine and high‐quality information on health
Authors: Puljak Livia 
Published: September 2015

AbstractKnowledge translation activities may be targeted toward all participants in healthcare practices, including patients, consumers, and policy makers. Hereby, use of social media, namely, social network Facebook, as a tool for knowledge translation, promotion of evidence‐based medicine, and high‐quality information on health is described. In March 2013, a Facebook page of the Croatian Cochrane Branch was created and its main contents are translated plain language summaries of the systematic reviews produced by The Cochrane Collaboration. Since the page was created, it has gained 1441 followers, mostly from Croatia and neighboring countries with similar language. Most of the page followers are women aged 25 to 44 and the most popular content is related to pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding. Page followers are lay persons, health professionals, and journalists, who further disseminate the page content. In summary, social media enables multiple possibilities to engage with target audience and to disseminate the evidence‐based medicine content.
Identification and description of controlled clinical trials published in Physiotherapy journals in Spain
Authors: Turrillas Maitane , Sitjà‐Rabert Mercè , Pardo Hector , Vilaró Casamitjana Jordi , Fort‐Vanmeerhaeghe Azahara , Morral Fernández Antonio , Cebrià i Iranzo Maria Àngels , Bonfill Cosp Xavier 
Published: September 2015

AbstractRationale and objectivesThe quantity and quality of research in physiotherapy has increased exponentially during the past decades. However, retrieving publications associated with this field of research is difficult. The aim of this study is to identify and describe controlled clinical trials (CCT) published in Spanish physiotherapy journals using electronic and handsearching strategies.MethodObservational study through which we identified eligible journals in order to retrieve CCTs using electronic and handsearching strategies, as proposed by the Cochrane Collaboration. A descriptive analysis of the main characteristics of these CCTs was completed.ResultsSeventy‐eight CCTs were identified in 10 eligible journals, none of which were indexed in the major databases. 16.7% of the identified studies were multicentric. Traumatology and orthopaedics was the most studied field (33.3%) followed by neurology (15.4%). The most researched health problems were back pain (17.24%) fibromyalgia, arthrosis and stroke (6.8% each). Measured outcomes varied greatly, including pain control, functional mobility and quality of life. Most CCTs (64.1%) had a high risk of bias.ConclusionsThe number of CCTs published in Spanish physiotherapy journals is limited. Handsearching these journals is essential, since none is indexed in major databases. In general, the identified CCTs carry a high risk of bias.
Pretreatment for substance‐abusing people with intellectual disabilities: intervening on autonomous motivation for treatment entry
Authors: Frielink N. , Schuengel C. , Kroon A. , Embregts P. J. C. M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundDespite a lack of consensus regarding prevalence rates of substance abuse, people with intellectual disabilities (ID) on average use substances slightly less often than their non‐disabled peers. However, their use of substances is more often problematic. Avoidance of treatment is a crucial problem among substance‐abusing people with ID. This study tested a motivational intervention to facilitate autonomous motivation (i.e. wanting to change substance abuse because of a sense of free choice and volition) for engaging with a subsequent addiction treatment.MethodA multiple‐case experimental design (N = 6) was conducted to measure day‐to‐day motivation to change substance abuse among individuals with mild ID (N = 3) and borderline level of intellectual functioning (N = 3) in the Netherlands. The participants (five men, one woman) lived in the community (except one, he lived in a residential facility) and abused cannabis, alcohol or hashish. During the intervention phase, the 10‐session treatment programme ‘Beat the kick’ was delivered by an experienced psychologist, based on motivational interviewing techniques adapted for people with mild to borderline ID. Participants completed an adaptive self‐reported inventory based on self‐determination theory (SDT) two to three times a week during baseline, intervention and 1‐month follow‐up.ResultsThe results of five of the six participants (one dropped out) showed that the type of motivation changed from more controlled types of motivation (i.e. external motivation and introjected motivation) at baseline to more autonomous types of motivation after completion of the intervention. In addition, the participants reported a significant increase in overall need satisfaction and autonomy satisfaction and a significant decrease of overall need frustration.ConclusionsThe implementation of SDT and motivational interviewing principles in the treatment programme ‘Beat the kick’ reliably changed the type of motivation. In addition, the experimental effects provide initial proof of the use and applicability of SDT among people with ID.
Nanowire‐based structures for infrared to ultraviolet emitters studied by cathodoluminescence
Authors: GUSTAFSSON ANDERS 
Published: September 2015

SummaryNanowires are structures with features on the nanoscale, and it is therefore essential to study their properties on that scale. We present optical data from a variety of nanowire‐based structures using cathodoluminescence imaging and spectroscopy. One important feature of nanowires is the stacking sequence of the crystal, either zincblede, wurtzite or a mix of the two. We show that this has an impact on the optical properties. In radial quantum wells, the thickness can be controlled on a monolayer level, in the case of flat side facets of the nanowires. With rough side facets, the quantum well collapses into quantum dots, as revealed by cathodoluminescence imaging. In order to extend the emission wavelength of light‐emitting diodes into the ultraviolet or to cover the whole visible range, we use nanowire‐seeded truncated pyramids as bases for these devices, based on either GaInN (visible) and AlGaN (ultraviolet).
Evaluation of hepatitis B virus transmission and antiviral therapy among hepatitis B surface antigen‐positive pregnant women
Authors: Tekin Koruk Suda , Batirel Ayse , Kose Sukran , Cetin Akhan Sila , Aygen Bilgehan , Tulek Necla , Hatipoglu Çigdem , Bulut Cemal , Yıldız Orhan , Sacligil Cahide , Sirmatel Fatma , Altunok Elif 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to assess the potential risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vertical transmission among Turkish parturient women and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antiviral agents.Material and MethodsData were collected retrospectively from 114 HBV‐infected pregnant women and their infants in eight health institutions in Turkey.ResultsThe baseline characteristics of the women were: mean age, 28.3 ± 5.2 years; alanine aminotransferase, 57.4 ± 139.0 U/L; aspartate aminotransferase, 56.6 ± 150.0 U/L; and HBV DNA, 8.3 × 107 ± 2.6 × 108 copies/mL. Family history of HBV infection was detected in 53.5% (n = 61). In total, 60 (52.6%) pregnant women received tenofovir (60.0%), lamivudine (33.3%) or telbivudine (6.7%) therapy at the median gestational age of 22.2 ± 8.5 (1–36) weeks. All infants were vaccinated and hepatitis B immune globulin was administered, with 81 of them (71.1%) available for follow‐up. After completion of HBV vaccination course, 71 (87.7%) infants had protective anti‐HBs levels, three (3.7%) were hepatitis B surface antigen‐positive, and seven (8.6%) were hepatitis B surface antigen‐negative with nonprotective anti‐HBs levels. Five of the infants had low gestational birthweight but no other birth defects were observed.ConclusionAccording to our results, viral load may not be the only effecting factor for transmission of HBV to children of infected mothers. Pregnant women with high viral load should be followed‐up closely during pregnancy. They should begin to take tenofovir or telbivudine, which are category B drugs for pregnancy, at the beginning of the third trimester at the latest. We need new treatment strategies; and close follow‐up of mothers and children is another important issue.
Development and validation of a stability indicating isocratic HPLC method for gemcitabine with application to drug release from poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles and enzymatic degradation studies
Authors: Chen Guanyu , Svirskis Darren , Wen Jingyuan 
Published: September 2015

Abstract

Objectives
Previously reported HPLC methods for gemcitabine determination are time-consuming with complicated mobile phases and gradient elution. Thus, a sensitive and stability-indicating isocratic HPLC method, which provides simple, fast and precise measurements, was developed. This method was applied to study the digestive enzymatic degradation of gemcitabine, for the first time, and the protection afforded following incorporation into poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles.

Methods
An analytical HPLC method was developed with an optimized combination of operating conditions. Forced degradation and application of the method to in-vitro drug release studies were conducted. Finally, gemcitabine-loaded nanoparticles were exposed to the digestive enzymes pepsin, trypsin and α-chymotrypsin, and the resulting degradation evaluated.

Key findings
The analytical method was linear between 1 and 100 μg/ml, with excellent accuracy of 99.91–101.77% and precision of 1.71 or lower, with a 0.014 μg/ml limit of detection (LOD) and a 0.043 μg/ml limit of quantification (LOQ). Following exposure of gemcitabine to stressors, the drug was relatively stable in strong acid (1 N HCl), base (1 N NaOH) and as an aqueous solution exposed to light over 7 days, with less than 10% degradation. However, gemcitabine was more susceptible to degradation at 70°C and oxidative conditions (3% v/v H2O2) with greater than 10% degradation noted after 7 days. In-vitro drug release studies demonstrated a sustained drug release profile from PLGA nanoparticles, which also improved the resistance of gemcitabine to enzymatic degradation.

Conclusion
These results demonstrate the utility and effectiveness of this simple isocratic HPLC method in evaluating the overall performance of a gemcitabine-loaded formulation.
Seasonal differences in the effects of oscillatory and uni‐directional flow on the growth and nitrate‐uptake rates of juvenile Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae)
Authors: Kregting Louise T. , Hepburn Christopher D. , Savidge Graham 
Published: September 2015

The influence of oscillatory versus unidirectional flow on the growth and nitrate‐uptake rates of juvenile kelp, Laminaria digitata, was determined seasonally in experimental treatments that simulated as closely as possible natural environmental conditions. In winter, regardless of flow condition (oscillatory and unidirectional) or water velocity, no influence of water motion was observed on the growth rate of L. digitata. In summer, when ambient nitrate concentrations were low, increased water motion enhanced macroalgal growth, which is assumed to be related to an increase in the rate of supply of nutrients to the blade surface. Nitrate‐uptake rates were significantly influenced by water motion and season. Lowest nitrate‐uptake rates were observed for velocities <5 cm · s−1 and nitrate‐uptake rates increased by 20%–50% under oscillatory motion compared to unidirectional flow at the same average speed. These data further suggested that the diffusion boundary layer played a significant role in influencing nitrate‐uptake rates. However, while increased nitrate‐uptake in oscillatory flow was clear, this was not reflected in growth rates and further work is required to understand the disconnection of nitrate‐uptake and growth by L. digitata in oscillatory flow. The data obtained support those from related field‐based studies, which suggest that in summer, when insufficient nitrogen is available in the water to saturate metabolic demand, the growth rate of kelps will be influenced by water motion restricting mass transfer of nitrogen.
Analysis of Job Satisfaction: The Case ofJapanese Private Companies
Authors: Hasegawa Hikaru , Ueda Kazuhiro 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe scope of economic theory expands if we consider that working provides people with both pecuniary compensation for its disutility and job satisfaction. This study empirically analyzes the job satisfaction of employees inJapanese private companies using a multivariate ordered probit model. In particular, we examine the effects of a big economic shock, such as theLehman shock, on job satisfaction, as well as the effects of differences in gender and employment status. We estimate the model using aBayesian analysis and a multivariate ordered probit model using theMarkov chainMonteCarlo method. We show that non‐pecuniary aspects of jobs play an important role in job satisfaction.