bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convergent direct and indirect cortical streams shape avoidance decisions in mice via the midline thalamus
Authors: Ma Jun , O’Malley John J. , Kreiker Malaz , Leng Yan , Khan Isbah , Kindel Morgan , Penzo Mario A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCurrent concepts of corticothalamic organization in the mammalian brain are mainly based on sensory systems, with less focus on circuits for higher-order cognitive functions. In sensory systems, first-order thalamic relays are driven by subcortical inputs and modulated by cortical feedback, while higher-order relays receive strong excitatory cortical inputs. The applicability of these principles beyond sensory systems is uncertain. We investigated mouse prefronto-thalamic projections to the midline thalamus, revealing distinct top-down control. Unlike sensory systems, this pathway relies on indirect modulation via the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). Specifically, the prelimbic area, which influences emotional and motivated behaviors, impacts instrumental avoidance responses through direct and indirect projections to the paraventricular thalamus. Both pathways promote defensive states, but the indirect pathway via the TRN is essential for organizing avoidance decisions through disinhibition. Our findings highlight intra-thalamic circuit dynamics that integrate cortical cognitive signals and their role in shaping complex behaviors.
Targeting fatty acid oxidation enhances response to HER2-targeted therapy
Authors: Nandi Ipshita , Ji Linjia , Smith Harvey W. , Avizonis Daina , Papavasiliou Vasilios , Lavoie Cynthia , Pacis Alain , Attalla Sherif , Sanguin-Gendreau Virginie , Muller William J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMetabolic reprogramming, a hallmark of tumorigenesis, involves alterations in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Here, we investigate the role of Carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1a (Cpt1a), a key enzyme in long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) oxidation, in ErbB2-driven breast cancers. In ErbB2+ breast cancer models, ablation of Cpt1a delays tumor onset, growth, and metastasis. However, Cpt1a-deficient cells exhibit increased glucose dependency that enables survival and eventual tumor progression. Consequently, these cells exhibit heightened oxidative stress and upregulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity. Inhibiting Nrf2 or silencing its expression reduces proliferation and glucose consumption in Cpt1a-deficient cells. Combining the ketogenic diet, composed of LCFAs, or an anti-ErbB2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) with Cpt1a deficiency significantly perturbs tumor growth, enhances apoptosis, and reduces lung metastasis. Using an immunocompetent model, we show that Cpt1a inhibition promotes an antitumor immune microenvironment, thereby enhancing the efficacy of anti-ErbB2 mAbs. Our findings underscore the importance of targeting fatty acid oxidation alongside HER2-targeted therapies to combat resistance in HER2+ breast cancer patients.
Mass vaccination with reassortment-impaired live H9N2 avian influenza vaccine
Authors: Cargnin Faccin Flavio , Cáceres C. Joaquin , Gay L. Claire , Seibert Brittany , van Bentem Nick , Rodriguez Luis A. , Soares Fraiha Ana Luiza , Cardenas Matias , Geiger Ginger , Ortiz Lucia , Carnaccini Silvia , Kapczynski Darrell R. , Rajao Daniela S. , Perez Daniel R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAvian influenza poses a severe threat to poultry production and global food security, prompting the development of vaccination programs in numerous countries. Modified live virus (MLV) vaccines, with their potential for mass application, offer a distinct advantage over existing options. However, concerns surrounding reversion, recombination, and unintended transmission have hindered the progress of MLV development for avian influenza in poultry. To address these concerns, we engineered reassortment-impaired, non-transmissible, safe, immunogenic, and protective MLVs through the rearrangement of internal gene segments and additional modifications to the surface gene segments HA and NA. The unique peptide marker aspartic acid-arginine-proline-alanine-valine-isoleucine-alanine-asparragine (DRPAVIAN) was incorporated into HA, while NA was modified to encode the chicken interleukin-18 (ckIL18) gene (MLV-H9N2-IL). In vitro, the MLV-H9N2 and MLV-H9N2-IL candidates demonstrated stability and virus titers comparable to the wild-type H9N2 strain. In chickens, the MLV-H9N2 and MLV-H9N2-IL candidates did not transmit via direct contact. Co-infection studies with wild-type virus confirmed that the altered HA and NA segments exhibited fitness disadvantages and did not reassort. Vaccinated chickens showed no clinical signs upon vaccination, all seroconverted, and the inclusion of ckIL18 in the MLV-H9N2-IL vaccine enhanced neutralizing antibody production. A significant decrease in viral loads post-challenge underscored the protective effect of the MLVs. The MLV-H9N2-IL vaccine, administered via drinking water, proved immunogenic in chickens in a dose-dependent manner, generating protective levels of neutralizing antibodies upon aggressive homologous virus challenge. In summary, this study lays the groundwork for safe MLVs against avian influenza suitable for mass vaccination efforts.
Esoteric beliefs and CAM impact SARS-CoV-2 immunization drivers, uptake and pediatric immunization views in Germany
Authors: Jäckle Sebastian , Timmis James K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecent studies demonstrate that sociopolitical attitudes partially explain variance in (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine hesitancy and uptake. Other attitudes, such as those towards esoteric beliefs, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and religion, have also been proposed. However, pertinent studies provide limited direction for public health efforts, as the impact of such attitudes has been tested in isolation or on different outcomes. Moreover, related associations between SARS-CoV-2 immunization drivers as well as views towards other modes of immunization (e.g., routine pediatric immunization), remain unclear. Based on a sample of ~7400 survey participants (Germany), where esoteric belief systems and CAM (Waldorf, homeopathy) are rather prevalent, and controlling for other sociological factors, we found that (i) individuals with positive attitudes towards Waldorf education and homeopathy are significantly less likely to have received a (further) dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine compared to those with positive views of mainstream medicine; (ii) for the former, immunization decisions are primarily driven by external pressures, and for the latter overwhelmingly by voluntary considerations; (iii) attitudes influencing adult SARS-CoV-2 vaccine uptake similarly influence views towards routine pediatric immunization. Our findings provide significant evidence informing a more nuanced design of public health and communication campaigns, and pertinent policies.
Unveiling teleconnection drivers for heatwave prediction in South Korea using explainable artificial intelligence
Authors: Lee Yeonsu , Cho Dongjin , Im Jungho , Yoo Cheolhee , Lee Joonlee , Ham Yoo-Geun , Lee Myong-In 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIncreasing heatwave intensity and mortality demand timely and accurate heatwave prediction. The present study focused on teleconnection, the influence of distant land and ocean variability on local weather events, to drive long-term heatwave predictions. The complexity of teleconnection poses challenges for physical-based prediction models. In this study, we employed a machine learning model and explainable artificial intelligence to identify the teleconnection drivers for heatwaves in South Korea. Drivers were selected based on their statistical significance with annual heatwave frequency ( | R | > 0.3, p < 0.05). Our analysis revealed that two snow depth (SD) variabilities—a decrease in the Gobi Desert and increase in the Tianshan Mountains—are the most important and predictive teleconnection drivers. These drivers exhibit a high correlation with summer climate conditions conducive to heatwaves. Our study lays the groundwork for further research into understanding land–atmosphere interactions over these two SD regions and their significant impact on heatwave patterns in South Korea.
Demand response potential evaluation based on feature fusion with expert knowledge and multi‐image
Authors: Liu Jiale , Cai Xinlei , Meng Zijie , Jin Xin , Cheng Zhangying , Pan Tingzhe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPotential evaluation to assist demand response decisions has garnered significant attention with the development of new power systems. However, existing data‐driven methods are challenging to properly exploit multivariate features and the process of response potential evaluation is unclear. Therefore, the authors propose an evaluation method that fuses expert features with multi‐image inputs and analyses the model evaluation process based on gradient. First, typical load profiles are extracted by the proposed procedure. Next, features derived from expert knowledge are calculated from the perspectives of adjustability, regularity, and sensitivity of electricity usage. Additionally, the typical load profile's recurrence plot, Markov leapfrog field, and Gramian angle field are created and incorporated into the colourful image as inputs. Then, the evaluation results are obtained by a two‐stream neural network fusing multivariate features. In the experiments, the proposed method is validated and discussed by comparing with many existing methods using London household users' data under the time‐of‐use price, providing new insights for demand response potential evaluation.
Gastrointestinal Bleeding as a Clinical Manifestation of Strongyloides stercoralis Hyperinfection in a Patient with HIV: A Case Report
Authors: Badaró Pedro Felipe Miranda , Machado Cláudia de Abreu Cardoso , de Freitas Luiz Antônio Rodrigues , Branco Renata Dias Araujo , da Silva Bruno César 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStrongyloidiasis, caused by the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis, is an often neglected parasitic disease, with deeper prevalence in tropical and subtropical regions. This parasitic infection can range from asymptomatic to symptomatic, with nonspecific manifestations, including gastrointestinal symptoms. Herein, we reported the case of an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient, under effective antiretroviral treatment with a normal CD4 count, who was hospitalized due to gastrointestinal bleeding. The diagnosis of strongyloidiasis hyperinfection was confirmed following endoscopic biopsies of both the gastric and duodenal mucosa. Subsequently, a treatment regimen of ivermectin at a dosage of 200 mcg/kg/day for a duration of 14 days was initiated, leading to notable amelioration in the patient's clinical presentation. In considering the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding, it is crucial to explore various possibilities, including peptic ulcers, portal hypertension, and cancer. Among immunocompromised individuals like those with HIV, chronic infection can compromise the Th2 immune response, which is pivotal in combating helminthic infections. This underscores the importance of remembering intestinal parasitosis, particularly strongyloidiasis, in such cases. Even in patients with preserved CD4 counts, careful evaluation for opportunistic infections in HIV-positive individuals is paramount. Early initiation of treatment is essential to mitigate the risk of serious complications.
Excitation of soliton like structures in radio-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas
Authors: Elbadawy A , Elkamash I S , El-Siragy N M , Shihab M 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this study, we examine the kinetics of radio-frequency capacitively coupled plasma discharges using the Particle-In-Cell method. Plasma is generated by applying two radiofrequencies (60 MHz and 1MHz), which results in the formation of a plasma sheath in the entire discharge region with electron density that oscillates between the two electrodes. However, ions remain relatively stationary. By increasing the gas pressure and radio-frequency power, or replacing helium gas with argon gas, a neutral discharge region known as the plasma bulk is formed. In this neutral discharge regime, electrons oscillate only in the sheath. Prior to the formation of the plasma bulk, the discharge is referred to as a non-neutral discharge, in which soliton-like electron structures are present. An analytical model is presented to interpret the simulation results, and the Korteweg-de Vries equations predicted the existence of damped electron- and ion-soliton-like structures. In the non-neutral discharge regime, supersonic electron solitons can be observed when the driven radio-frequency is much smaller than the electron plasma frequency. Supersonic ion soliton-like structures are present in the non-neutral discharge generated via radio-frequencies comparable to or smaller than the ion plasma frequency.
Authenticated hierarchical quantum state sharing based on non-maximally entangled states
Authors: Zhou Tianai , Chen Xiu-Bo , Xu Gang , Guo Ying 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Hierarchical quantum state sharing (HQSTS) provides a way for the quantum state from one party to another among multiple parties asymmetrically. In the process, it is necessary to ensure the legitimacy and authenticity of participants to defend against attacks caused by neglecting authentication. Hence, we propose a three-phase probabilistic HQSTS protocol with identity authentication. Firstly, the legitimacy of participants is verified in the identity authentication phase, which effectively prevents impersonation and deception. Secondly, the sender Alice sends the target quantum state to three agents asymmetrically, which implies that there is a hierarchy of agents regarding their ability to recover the secret state. The high authority agent can recover the state without the cooperation of all agents, while the low authority agent has to recover the state with the cooperation of all agents. Thirdly, based on the non-maximally entangled cluster states, the sharing of the arbitrary three-qubit states is realized, which increases the amount of information transmitted. Using the Qiskit framework, the quantum circuit and simulation results for a particular case are given to verify the feasibility and correctness of our protocol. Moreover, the security of the protocol is analyzed from the perspective of both internal and external attacks.
Minimal model for chirally induced spin selectivity: spin-orbit coupling, tunneling and decoherence
Authors: Mena Miguel , Varela Solmar , Berche Bertrand , Medina Ernesto 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Here we review a universal model for chirally induced spin-selectivity (CISS) as a standalone effect occurring in chiral molecules. We tie together the results of forward scattering in the gas phase to the results for photoelectrons in chiral self-assembled monolayers, and the more contemporary results in two terminal transport setups. We discuss the ingredients that are necessarily present in all experiments to date, which we identify as: (i) chirality, be it point, helical or configurational, (ii) the spin–orbit coupling as the spin active coupling of atomic origin, (iii) decoherence as a time-reversal symmetry breaking mechanism that avoids reciprocity relations in the linear regime and finally (iv) tunneling that accounts for the magnitude of the spin polarization effect. This proposal does not discard other mechanisms that can yield comparable spin effects related to interactions of the molecule to contacts or substrates that have been proposed but are less universal or apply to specific situations. Finally, we discuss recent results suggesting CISS as a molecular phenomenon in the realms of enantiomer selectivity, coherent electron transfer, and spin effects in chiroptical activity.
Progress on the preparation method, physicochemical properties, and application of chitosan-based film
Authors: Liu Feiyang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The chitosan-based film, a cling film commonly used with wide application potential, is the focus of this research. Chitosan, a molecule that readily binds with other molecules, possesses the capability to enhance the physicochemical properties of the film when combined with other active substances. The progress made in enhancing the properties of chitosan-based film through the incorporation of other substances is a significant area of investigation. In this article, examples of improved mechanical, antioxidant, barrier, and water uptake properties are listed and discussed. Furthermore, the preparation method of chitosan-based film is thoroughly examined. Ultimately, the synthesis of the application of chitosan-based film in food preservation is presented.
Wind direction and speed calculation model with deep learning
Authors: Yu Bin , Tan Yu , Xue Hanlin , Li Peng , Sun Yuanyuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In view of the problems of complex process and weak representation in regular atmospheric wind field detection, this paper adopts deep learning method, uses global high-altitude meteorological detection data, and establishes a deep learning model for calculating wind direction and speed with different altitudes and temperatures by using keras software package. The model is verified by using third-party independent sounding data from a meteorological observatory in Shanghai. The calculation accuracy of the model above 2000 m is 0.9830 and the value of loss function is 0.0482. The accuracy under 2000 m is 0.9164 and the value of loss function is 0.0377. There are significant differences in the performance of the model between under 2000 meters and above 2000 meters due to surface friction. The model shows that wind direction and speed of different height layers can be calculated by using only height and temperature at the same height. This model can also be used to check whether the quality of regular wind detection work is good or not with big old data.
The impact of integrated circuits’ performance in low-temperature environments on charging efficiency of chargers
Authors: Zhu Xiaopeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the current research status of chargers and lithium-ion batteries in low-temperature environments. Based on this, it provides a detailed discussion and analysis of charger charging conditions, lithium-ion battery performance analysis, the correlation between low-temperature environments and charging, and optimization design strategies for charging in low-temperature environments. The study reveals that low-temperature environments distort charger current harmonics, disrupt the power supply capacity of the grid, and reduce fast charging conversion efficiency. The paper elucidates the lithium-ion battery lithiation mechanism, lithiation detection methods, and countermeasures for lithiation issues in low temperatures. Besides highlighting the various adverse effects of lithiation on low-temperature charging, it also points out the shortcomings of detection methods and proposes appropriate strategies to inhibit lithiation. Addressing charging issues in low-temperature environments, the paper introduces charging optimization design strategies involving temperature-modulated current charging and genetic algorithm optimization. This research offers theoretical guidance and technical support for the design and optimization of chargers and lithium-ion batteries in low-temperature environments, further advancing the development and application of low-temperature charging technology.
Advantages and disadvantages of three common materials in dental use
Authors: Zhang Zhihan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Many patients who need dental treatment like dental crowns and dentures become more and more these days. The materials used to make these products are important for further use. Three main materials used in nowadays dental treatments for patients are studied in this article, which are metal materials, ceramic materials, and plastic materials. The advantages and disadvantages of these materials are shown in cases. Metal materials have high strength and less biocompatibility; ceramic materials have a natural-teeth exterior and high strength but are brittle and easily suffer a failure during biting hard items; plastics can be made for dentures and easy to change distance and shape during use, but it is easy to tear and has the highest chance to break. This study aims to draw a conclusion on most improvements in these common and traditional materials and shows up all the possibilities and risks to patients who need a specific material for their life and appearance.
Electrode design to improve the performance of batteries
Authors: Fei Annan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The development of electric energy effectively improved the lack of energy and the environment damage causing by fossil fuel abuse. Batteries, as a common electric power source, can be able to provide no carbon emission or polluted air compared to internal combustion engine and is now replacing them in increasing number of fields. Among them, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) hold the highest energy density and capacity, and own the most widely usage. However, their properties are still limited and confine the LIBs being used in more extremely condition. To solve the problems, scientists are now researching on every part of the LIBs, trying to create innovation and improve the LIBs performance. This summarize focuses on electrode design, summing up 4 types of electrode material choices researched by different groups and 10 manufacturing processes. Through them, the research will conclude the method of LIBs improvement and give direction for the further research.
Shaping society: The evolution and impact of silicon and steel technologies—Building the future: A comparative analysis of silicon and steel technologies
Authors: Yang Haoran 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the ever-changing technical world, this article compares the societal implications of two technological behemoths: silicon technology and steel technology. Silicon technology, best recognized for its role in integrated circuits and electronics, ushered in the digital age, revolutionizing the way people communicate, calculate, and conduct business. Steel technology, on the other hand, has formed the foundation of contemporary infrastructure and industries due to its strength and versatility. This research thoroughly investigates their economic, environmental, and social implications, providing light on their distinct and common contributions to society. It also looks into the astonishing history of silicon integrated circuit technology, tracking its route from Moore’s Law-driven aggressive growth to the current emphasis on energy efficiency and power consumption reduction. The paper’s investigation is critical in understanding the delicate interplay between innovation and social advancement, and it provides insights into technology’s transformational capacity. As we stand at the crossroads of these two technical domains, this research emphasizes the historical relevance of silicon and steel technologies, as well as their ability to shape our technological future. It enables readers to study the dynamic interplay between silicon and steel via a comparative perspective, exposing their revolutionary contributions and the intricate web of societal advancement they have woven throughout history.