bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bevacizumab‐induced hypertension is a predictive marker for improved outcomes in patients with recurrent glioblastoma treated with bevacizumab
Authors: Zhong Jim , Ali Arif N. , Voloschin Alfredo D. , Liu Yuan , Curran Walter J. , Crocker Ian R. , Shu Hui‐Kuo G. 
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUNDBevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor and is approved for the treatment of patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM). Previous authors have reported differential response to bevacizumab on an individual basis. Bevacizumab‐induced hypertension is a well‐documented side effect, and some reports have suggested this occurrence to be related to treatment outcome in other cancers. In the current study, the authors analyzed patients with recurrent GBM who were treated with bevacizumab based on whether the patients developed drug‐induced hypertension.METHODSAll patients with GBM treated within the Emory Healthcare system from 2007 through 2012 were reviewed. A total of 82 patients were identified who received bevacizumab for the treatment of recurrent GBM and were included in the current study. Patients were classified as normotensive or hypertensive depending on whether hypertension developed that was attributable to therapy. Progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were graphed by the Kaplan‐Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazards method.RESULTSThe median follow‐up was 19.7 months. Of the 82 patients with recurrent GBM who were treated with bevacizumab, 30 developed drug‐induced hypertension. The median time to the development of hypertension was 21 days. The median PFS for the normotensive and hypertensive groups were 2.5 months (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.6‐3.0 months) and 6.7 months (95% CI, 4.6‐10.0 months), respectively (P<.001). The median OS times for the normotensive and hypertensive groups were 4.9 months (95% CI, 4.4‐6.8 months) and 11.7 months (95% CI, 9.0‐20.5 months), respectively (P<.001).CONCLUSIONSPatients with recurrent GBM who developed bevacizumab‐induced hypertension demonstrated significantly better PFS and OS compared with normotensive individuals. Bevacizumab‐induced hypertension may be a physiologic marker of outcome in patients with recurrent GBM. Cancer 2015;121:1456–1462. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
ARID1A is a useful marker of malignancy in peritoneal washings for endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Nagymanyoki Zoltan , Mutter George L. , Hornick Jason L. , Cibas Edmund S. 
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUNDARID1A (AT‐rich interactive domain 1A gene) has recently been identified as a novel tumor suppressor gene and one of the driver genes in endometrial carcinogenesis. Approximately 30% to 40% of endometrial carcinomas harbor mutations in the ARID1A gene, which results in complete loss of ARID1A protein expression. Although ARID1A aberrations are not restricted to endometrial cancer, the authors hypothesized that it might be a useful marker of malignancy in peritoneal washings for patients with endometrial cancer.METHODSThe cytology archive of Brigham and Women's Hospital was searched to identify cell blocks from peritoneal washings that contained malignant or benign endometrial epithelium. From 2006 through 2013, 17 cases of endometrial carcinoma (EMCA) and 16 cases of endometriosis were identified. Surgical pathology reports and follow‐up data were used to confirm the diagnoses. Immunohistochemistry for ARID1A was performed, and slides were scored as 0 (complete loss of staining) or 1 (retained staining) by 2 independent pathologists. The discordant cases were resolved by consensus. The two‐tailed Fisher exact probability test was used to calculate statistical significance.RESULTSComplete loss of ARID1A expression was found in 8 of 17 EMCA cases (47%) and none of the 16 endometriosis cases (0%) (P = .024). The concordance among the pathologists on first review was high (96.7%).CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study demonstrated that ARID1A can be used in peritoneal washings to confirm malignancy in patients with EMCA. Complete loss of ARID1A expression by immunohistochemistry is highly specific for carcinoma, but retained expression is not informative. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2015;123:253–257. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Wildfire risk for main vegetation units in a biodiversity hotspot: modeling approach in New Caledonia, South Pacific
Authors: Gomez Céline , Mangeas Morgan , Curt Thomas , Ibanez Thomas , Munzinger Jérôme , Dumas Pascal , Jérémy André , Despinoy Marc , Hély Christelle 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWildfire has been recognized as one of the most ubiquitous disturbance agents to impact on natural environments. In this study, our main objective was to propose a modeling approach to investigate the potential impact of wildfire on biodiversity. The method is illustrated with an application example in New Caledonia where conservation and sustainable biodiversity management represent an important challenge. Firstly, a biodiversity loss index, including the diversity and the vulnerability indexes, was calculated for every vegetation unit in New Caledonia and mapped according to its distribution over the New Caledonian mainland. Then, based on spatially explicit fire behavior simulations (using the FLAMMAP software) and fire ignition probabilities, two original fire risk assessment approaches were proposed: a one‐off event model and a multi‐event burn probability model. The spatial distribution of fire risk across New Caledonia was similar for both indices with very small localized spots having high risk. The patterns relating to highest risk are all located around the remaining sclerophyll forest fragments and are representing 0.012% of the mainland surface. A small part of maquis and areas adjacent to dense humid forest on ultramafic substrates should also be monitored. Vegetation interfaces between secondary and primary units displayed high risk and should represent priority zones for fire effects mitigation. Low fire ignition probability in anthropogenic‐free areas decreases drastically the risk. A one‐off event associated risk allowed localizing of the most likely ignition areas with potential for extensive damage. Emergency actions could aim limiting specific fire spread known to have high impact or consist of on targeting high risk areas to limit one‐off fire ignitions. Spatially explicit information on burning probability is necessary for setting strategic fire and fuel management planning. Both risk indices provide clues to preserve New Caledonia hot spot of biodiversity facing wildfires.
Dynamic relationships between body size, species richness, abundance, and energy use in a shallow marine epibenthic faunal community
Authors: Labra Fabio A. , Hernández‐Miranda Eduardo , Quiñones Renato A. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractWe study the temporal variation in the empirical relationships among body size (S), species richness (R), and abundance (A) in a shallow marine epibenthic faunal community in Coliumo Bay, Chile. We also extend previous analyses by calculating individual energy use (E) and test whether its bivariate and trivariate relationships with S and R are in agreement with expectations derived from the energetic equivalence rule. Carnivorous and scavenger species representing over 95% of sample abundance and biomass were studied. For each individual, body size (g) was measured and E was estimated following published allometric relationships. Data for each sample were tabulated into exponential body size bins, comparing species‐averaged values with individual‐based estimates which allow species to potentially occupy multiple size classes. For individual‐based data, both the number of individuals and species across body size classes are fit by a Weibull function rather than by a power law scaling. Species richness is also a power law of the number of individuals. Energy use shows a piecewise scaling relationship with body size, with energetic equivalence holding true only for size classes above the modal abundance class. Species‐based data showed either weak linear or no significant patterns, likely due to the decrease in the number of data points across body size classes. Hence, for individual‐based size spectra, the SRA relationship seems to be general despite seasonal forcing and strong disturbances in Coliumo Bay. The unimodal abundance distribution results in a piecewise energy scaling relationship, with small individuals showing a positive scaling and large individuals showing energetic equivalence. Hence, strict energetic equivalence should not be expected for unimodal abundance distributions. On the other hand, while species‐based data do not show unimodal SRA relationships, energy use across body size classes did not show significant trends, supporting energetic equivalence.
Outbreeding effects in an inbreeding insect, Cimex lectularius
Authors: Fountain Toby , Butlin Roger K. , Reinhardt Klaus , Otti Oliver 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn some species, populations with few founding individuals can be resilient to extreme inbreeding. Inbreeding seems to be the norm in the common bed bug, Cimex lectularius, a flightless insect that, nevertheless, can reach large deme sizes and persist successfully. However, bed bugs can also be dispersed passively by humans, exposing inbred populations to gene flow from genetically distant populations. The introduction of genetic variation through this outbreeding could lead to increased fitness (heterosis) or be costly by causing a loss of local adaptation or exposing genetic incompatibility between populations (outbreeding depression). Here, we addressed how inbreeding within demes and outbreeding between distant populations impact fitness over two generations in this re‐emerging public health pest. We compared fitness traits of families that were inbred (mimicking reproduction following a founder event) or outbred (mimicking reproduction following a gene flow event). We found that outbreeding led to increased starvation resistance compared to inbred families, but this benefit was lost after two generations of outbreeding. No other fitness benefits of outbreeding were observed in either generation, including no differences in fecundity between the two treatments. Resilience to inbreeding is likely to result from the history of small founder events in the bed bug. Outbreeding benefits may only be detectable under stress and when heterozygosity is maximized without disruption of coadaptation. We discuss the consequences of these results both in terms of inbreeding and outbreeding in populations with genetic and spatial structuring, as well as for the recent resurgence of bed bug populations.
Postglacial range shift and demographic expansion of the marine intertidal snail Batillaria attramentaria
Authors: Ho Phuong‐Thao , Kwan Ye‐Seul , Kim Boa , Won Yong‐Jin 
Published: December 2014

AbstractTo address the impacts of past climate changes, particularly since the last glacial period, on the history of the distribution and demography of marine species, we investigated the evolutionary and demographic responses of the intertidal batillariid gastropod, Batillaria attramentaria, to these changes, using the snail as a model species in the northwest Pacific. We applied phylogeographic and divergence population genetic approaches to mitochondrial COI sequences from B. attramentaria. To cover much of its distributional range, 197 individuals collected throughout Korea and 507 publically available sequences (mostly from Japan) were used. Finally, a Bayesian skyline plot (BSP) method was applied to reconstruct the demographic history of this species. We found four differentiated geographic groups around Korea, confirming the presence of two distinct, geographically subdivided haplogroups on the Japanese coastlines along the bifurcated routes of the warm Tsushima and Kuroshio Currents. These two haplogroups were estimated to have begun to split approximately 400,000 years ago. Population divergence analysis supported the hypothesis that the Yellow Sea was populated by a northward range expansion of a small fraction of founders that split from a southern ancestral population since the last glacial maximum (LGM: 26,000–19,000 years ago), when the southern area became re‐submerged. BSP analyses on six geographically and genetically defined groups in Korea and Japan consistently demonstrated that each group has exponentially increased approximately since the LGM. This study resolved the phylogeography of B. attramentaria as a series of events connected over space and time; while paleoceanographic conditions determining the connectivity of neighboring seas in East Asia are responsible for the vicariance of this species, the postglacial sea‐level rise and warming temperatures have played a crucial role in rapid range shifts and broad demographic expansions of its populations.
A mechanism‐based pain sensitivity index to characterize knee osteoarthritis patients with different disease stages and pain levels
Authors: Arendt‐Nielsen L. , Egsgaard L.L. , Petersen K.K. , Eskehave T.N. , Graven‐ Nielsen T. , Hoeck H.C. , Simonsen O. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundIn a cohort of well‐characterized patients with different degrees of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and pain, the aims were to utilize mechanism‐based quantitative sensory testing (QST) to (1) characterize subgroups of patients; (2) analyse the associations between clinical characteristics and QST; and (3) develop and apply a QST‐based knee OA composite pain sensitivity index for patient classification.MethodsTwo hundred seventeen OA pain patients and 64 controls were included. Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grading scores were obtained, and pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), temporal summation of pain to repeated painful pressure stimulation and conditioning pain modulation (CPM) were assessed. Associations between pain score/area/duration, radiological findings and QST‐related parameters were analysed. A pain sensitivity index was developed and applied based on PPT, temporal summation and CPM. z‐Score, as statistical tool, was calculated for statistically comparing the pain index of a single patient with a healthy control group.ResultsHigh knee pain associated with low KL grade showed particular signs of pain sensitization. Patients showed significant associations between clinical knee pain intensity/duration and lowering of knee PPTs (p < 0.01), facilitation of temporal summation (p < 0.01), reduction of CPM function (p < 0.01) and high pain sensitivity index (p < 0.01). The index classified 27–38% of the OA patients and 3% of the controls as highly sensitive with no association to KL. The index increased for high knee pain intensities and long pain duration.ConclusionsRadiological scores, contrary to clinical pain intensity/duration, were poorly associated with QST parameters. The pain sensitivity index could classify OA patients with different degrees of OA and pain.
Evaluating damage extent of fractured beams in steel moment‐resisting frames using dynamic strain responses
Authors: Li Xiaohua , Kurata Masahiro , Nakashima Masayoshi 
Published: December 2014

SummaryDelays in the postearthquake safety estimations of important buildings significantly increase unnecessary disorder in economic and social recovery following devastating earthquakes. Providing promptness and objectivity in evaluation procedures, damage detection through a structural health monitoring system using sensors attracts attention from building owners and other stakeholders. Nonetheless, local damage on individual structural elements is not easily identifiable, as such damage weakly relates to the global vibrational characteristics of buildings. The primary objectives of this research are to present and verify a method that quantifies the amount of local damage (i.e., fractures near beam–column connections) for the health monitoring of steel moment‐resisting frames that have undergone a strong earthquake ground motion. In this paper, a novel damage index based on the monitoring of dynamic strain responses of steel beams under ambient vibration before and after earthquakes is firstly presented. Then, the relation between the amount of local damage and the presented damage index is derived numerically with a parametric study using a nine‐story steel moment‐resisting frame model. Finally, the effectiveness of the damage index and an associated wireless strain‐sensing system are examined with a series of vibration tests using a five‐story steel frame test bed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Meta‐Analysis of Temperament in Eating Disorders
Authors: Atiye Minna , Miettunen Jouko , Raevuori‐Helkamaa Anu 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAlthough suggested as an important contributor to the development and maintenance of eating disorders, temperament has not previously been studied adopting a meta‐analytical approach. We therefore pooled data (N = 14 studies; N = 3315 cases, N = 3395 controls) on Cloninger's temperament traits (novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence and persistence) in anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED) and eating disorders not otherwise specified. Persistence was significantly higher than in the controls in all eating disorders except for BED the highest levels being observed in AN. Correspondingly, the highest effect sizes for harm avoidance were seen in AN. Novelty seeking was significantly elevated relative to the controls only in BN. Harm avoidance was significantly lower, and reward dependence was significantly higher in individuals who had recovered from AN than in those who remained ill. Future studies with a longitudinal design are needed to explore the temporal relationships between eating disorders and temperament traits. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Optimization and comparison analysis for application of PV panels in three villages
Authors: Fadaeenejad Mohsen , Mohd Radzi Mohd Amran , Fadaeenejad Mohammad , Zarif Mahdi , Gandomi Zohreh 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn recent years, research about the application and optimization of PV panels has grown rapidly. Especially for stand‐alone solar systems there have been some problems related to first stages of design and application. Finding the optimum slope of PV panels in order to maximize the absorbed solar radiation is considered as one of the major obstacles. Although in Malaysia there have been some research works about finding of optimal tilt angle, however, this research work aims to start investigation about slope of PV panels for three villages without electricity and prior research. The Liu and Jordan model is applied to find the monthly optimal tilt angle and fixed tilt angle for the application of solar energy in these rural locations. The results demonstrate that the optimal tilt angle in these locations is less than 5°.
Is geomorphology sleepwalking into oblivion?
Authors: Woodward Jamie 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis commentary uses Google Books N‐grams to briefly explore the changing use of the word geomorphology in books published in British English and American English. Both show a decline in the use of the term geomorphology in recent years. A singular feature of the British data is a very sharp rise and fall in the use of term geomorphology in books published since 1980. The steep falling limb (post 1993) of this curve is of particular concern and several possible explanations are put forward including, since 1986, the influence exerted by Research Assessment Exercises on publication practice in UK universities. The N‐gram trends pose important questions for all geomorphologists and we should monitor them to gain a better understanding of where we need to be most visible to ensure the long‐term health of our discipline. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methane calibration burner and C‐factor determination with cone calorimeter – validation of the standardized calibration protocol
Authors: Guillaume Eric , Saragoza Laurent 
Published: December 2014

SummaryThe cone calorimeter is one of the major fire tests. In its reference standard ISO 5660‐1, the apparatus (and especially a characteristic of its orifice plate mass flow meter, called C‐Factor) is calibrated using a methane burner set at 5 kW. However, measurements performed in end‐use are in the range 1–10 kW. In addition, standard proposes to check linearity at 1 and 3 kW, which means in the lowest part of the range. This communication establishes the validation of the linearity on the whole range and determines the optimal condition for C‐factor determination. It justifies the technical choices of the standard. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrating metabolomic data from multiple analytical platforms for a comprehensive characterisation of lemon essential oils
Authors: Mehl Florence , Marti Guillaume , Merle Philippe , Delort Estelle , Baroux Lucie , Sommer Horst , Wolfender Jean‐Luc , Rudaz Serge , Boccard Julien 
Published: December 2014

AbstractCitrus cold pressed oils are of great importance to the flavour and fragrance industry. Because of their high added value, careful attention must be paid to ensure the oils' genuineness and authenticity. Characterising their chemical complexity in a holistic perspective constitutes a potent way to relate specific compounds to the organoleptic properties of interest and to assess their quality. In this context, a complete characterisation using untargeted metabolomics represents an analytical challenge. The present study takes advantage of multiblock data modelling to integrate heterogeneous signals collected from GC‐FID, 1H‐NMR, UHPLC‐TOF/MS‐ (negative mode) and UHPLC‐TOF/MS+ (positive mode) platforms to obtain a complete characterisation of 64 samples of cold pressed lemon oil (CPLO). Two statistical approaches (MB‐PLS‐DA and Consensus OPLS‐DA) were used to classify the samples according to their extraction processes [i.e. Sfumatrice, Food Machinery Corporation Inline Extractor (FMC), Brown Oil Extractor (BOE), Pelatrice, or mixed FMC + Pelatrice]. Furthermore, the multiblock strategy allows links between variables from different analytical methods to be drawn easily and facilitates the identification of compounds. Because citrus oils extracted using the Sfumatrice process constitute the reference quality from an organoleptic point of view, these samples were characterised thoroughly and are reported to contain less fatty acids but more sesquiterpenes and furocoumarins compared with products obtained using other extraction processes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.