bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relative Roles of the Ocean and Atmosphere as Revealed by Buoy Air–Sea Observations in Hurricanes
Authors: Cione Joseph J. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Results from this multihurricane study suggest that the criticality of the oft-cited 26°C hurricane threshold linked to hurricane maintenance may be more closely associated with atmospheric thermodynamic conditions within the inner core than previously believed. In all cases, a positive sea–air contrast was observed within the storm inner core (i.e., surface ocean temperature greater than surface air temperature), despite the fact that 6% of the hurricanes exhibited sea surface temperatures (SSTs) less than the 26°C. For the storms sampled in this study, inner-core surface dewpoint temperatures never exceeded 26.5°C. This finding may provide an alternate explanation as to the criticality of the 26°C threshold since SSTs above 26°C would, in almost all instances, be associated with a positive enthalpy flux condition. Analyses from this study also illustrate that high wind SSTs fluctuate as a function of storm latitude, while inner-core near-surface dewpoint temperatures are much less sensitive to this parameter. As a result, and assuming all other factors to be equal, low-latitude hurricanes would, on average, be expected to experience surface moisture fluxes ~1/3 greater than storms located farther to the north. For systems sampled within the deep tropics, inner-core SST was found to fluctuate much less than surface dewpoint temperature, suggesting that the atmosphere, not the ocean, is more likely to influence the key thermodynamic parameter controlling surface moisture flux for this subset of hurricanes.
Remission criteria and functional outcome in patients with schizophrenia, a longitudinal study
Authors: Heering Henriette D , Janssens Mayke , Boyette Lindy-Lou , van Haren Neeltje EM ,   G.R.O.U.P investigators, Bruggeman Richard , Cahn Wypke , de Haan Lieuwe , Kahn René S , Meijer Carin J , Myin-Germeys Inez , van Os Jim , Wiersma Durk 
Published: November 2014

Background: The Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group (RSWG) has proposed remission criteria for schizophrenia, which were shown to be valid in terms of functional and clinical outcomes. However, studies investigating the association between dynamics in remission status in relation to longitudinal functional and clinical outcome are scarce. Methods: A total of 648 patients were allocated to four change-in-remission groups, i.e. remission/remission, remission/no-remission, no-remission/remission, and no-remission/no-remission. Remission status was based on PANSS ratings. Multilevel linear modelling techniques were used to investigate whether enduring remission was associated with more improvement in functional outcome at follow-up. Further, change in functional and clinical outcome at follow-up measurement was assessed for each remission category separately. Results: Both at baseline and at follow-up, remission status was associated with better functioning. At baseline, patients who subsequently moved out of remission status could be characterized by more severe psychopathology, disabilities, unmet needs and worse quality of life (QoL) compared with patients who continued to be in remission. The stable in-remission group was characterized by significantly better functioning and QoL, both at baseline and follow-up compared with all other remission groups. Nevertheless, QoL increased in all four patient categories. Conclusions: In a large sample of patients with a non-affective psychotic disorder, stable remission or moving into remission over time, based on the RSWG criteria, was associated with a favourable functional outcome and QoL, providing further support for the clinical validity of the RSWG remission criteria. The findings also suggest growing adaptation and self-management over time, despite ongoing difficulties.
Endovascular embolization for managing anastomotic bleeding after stapled digestive tract anastomosis
Authors: Li Teng-Fei , Duan Xu-Hua , Li Zhen , Ren Jian-Zhuang , Zhang Kai , Huang Guo-Hao , Han Xin-Wei , Jiao De-Chao , Zhang Meng-Fan 
Published: November 2014

Background Anastomotic bleeding is an infrequent but life-threatening complication after stapled digestive tract anastomosis. Endovascular embolization is one of the available treatments, but precise clinical outcomes are yet to be evaluated. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endovascular embolization for managing anastomotic bleeding after stapled digestive tract anastomosis. Material and Methods Twenty-eight patients were diagnosed with anastomotic bleeding after stapled digestive tract anastomosis by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Curative effect was summed for analysis. Results All bleeding arteries were located in the stoma and were identified by contrast agent spillover by DSA. The offending arteries were superselectively catheterized and embolized with microcoils and/or gelatin sponge particles. Laboratory examinations showed normal hemoglobin and red blood cell counts when the patients’ abdominal cavity drainage tubes stopped draining blood. The follow-up period was 3.2–84.7 months (median, 19.7 months). Four patients died during this time, of which two had cholangiocarcinoma, one had gastric cancer with tumor recurrence and multiple organ failure, and the final patient had a subarachnoid hemorrhage 4 months after embolization. In the surviving patients, no rebleeding occurred after embolization and no additional intervention or surgery was required. Conclusion Endovascular embolization is safe and effective for managing anastomotic bleeding after stapled digestive tract anastomosis.
The impact of different supervised exercise regimens on endothelial function in patients with intermittent claudication
Authors: Delaney Christopher L , Miller Michelle D , Allan Richard B , Spark J Ian 
Published: November 2014

Background and objectives The impact of supervised exercise training on endothelial function in patients with intermittent claudication is unclear. This study assesses the impact of treadmill-based supervised exercise training alone or in combination with resistance training on pain free walking distance, flow-mediated dilatation, reactive hyperaemia index, nitric oxide and asymmetric dimethylarginine. Methods Thirty-five patients with intermittent claudication were randomised to 12 weeks of treadmill-only supervised exercise training (Group 1) or a combination of treadmill and lower-limb resistance supervised exercise training (Group 2). Pain free walking distance was assessed by six-minute walk test. Endothelial function was assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation, reactive hyperaemia index and serum analysis of asymmetric dimethylarginine and nitric oxide. Results Pain free walking distance improved within Group 1 (160 m to 204 m, p = 0.03) but not Group 2 (181 m to 188 m, p = 0.82), no between group difference. No significant change in flow-mediated dilatation or reactive hyperaemia index in either group. Nitric oxide decreased in Group 1 (15.0 µmol/L to 8.3 µmol/L, p = 0.003) but not Group 2 (11.2 µmol/L to 9.1 µmol/L, p = 0.14), p = 0.07 between groups. Asymmetric dimethylarginine decreased in Group 2 (0.61 µmol/L to 0.56 µmol/L, p = 0.03) but not Group 1 (0.58 µmol/l to 0.58 µmol/L, p = 0.776), no between group difference. Conclusion Supervised exercise training does not improve endothelial function as measured by flow-mediated dilatation, reactive hyperaemia index and nitric oxide bioavailability.
The health technology assessment of the compulsory accident insurance scheme of hand transplantation in Switzerland
Authors: Brügger U. , Plessow R. , Hess S. , Caballero A. , Eichler K. , Meyer V. , von Wartburg U. 
Published: November 2014

Recently the decision-making committee of the compulsory Swiss accident insurance scheme needed to make a basic decision as to whether to fund hand transplantation under that scheme or not. A Health Technology Assessment was commissioned to inform decision-making and gain experience with applicability of the method. The following were main findings from various domains. Compared with prosthesis fitting, the outcome of hand transplantation is satisfactory for function and sensibility. Complications due to immunosuppression are frequent, sometimes severe and potentially life-shortening. The direct medical costs over the entire life span calculated for a 35-year-old unilaterally amputated base case patient were CHF 528,600 (EUR 438,500) higher than for a prosthesis. There are challenging ethical, legal and organizational issues. The committee decided not to reimburse hand transplantation for ethical reasons. The Health Technology Assessment has been shown to be a useful tool for decision-making in the context of Swiss accident insurance. Level of evidence: IV
A unified extragradient method for systems of hierarchical variational inequalities in a Hilbert space
Authors: Ceng Lu-Chuan , Sahu Daya Ram , Yao Jen-Chih 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce and analyze a multistep Mann-type extragradient iterative algorithm by combining Korpelevich’s extragradient method, viscosity approximation method, hybrid steepest-descent method, Mann’s iteration method, and the projection method. It is proven that under appropriate assumptions, the proposed algorithm converges strongly to a common element of the fixed point set of infinitely many nonexpansive mappings and a strict pseudocontraction, the solution set of finitely many generalized mixed equilibrium problems (GMEPs), the solution set of finitely many variational inclusions and the solution set of a variational inequality problem (VIP), which is just a unique solution of a system of hierarchical variational inequalities (SHVI) in a real Hilbert space. The results obtained in this paper improve and extend the corresponding results announced by many others.

MSC:49J30, 47H09, 47J20, 49M05.
Back pain in children surveyed with weekly text messages - a 2.5 year prospective school cohort study
Authors: Franz Claudia , Wedderkopp Niels , Jespersen Eva , Rexen Christina T , Leboeuf-Yde Charlotte 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackgroundBack pain is reported to occur already in childhood, but its development at that age is not well understood. The aims of this study were to describe BP in children aged 6-12 years, and to investigate any sex and age differences.MethodsData on back pain (defined as pain in the neck, mid back and/or lower back) were collected once a week from parents replying to automated text-messages over 2.5 school years from 2008 till 2011. The prevalence estimates were presented as percentages and 95% confidence intervals. Differences between estimates were considered significant if confidence intervals did not overlap. A test for trend, using a multi-level mixed-effects logistic regression extended to the longitudinal and multilevel setting, was performed to see whether back pain reporting increased with age.ResultsDepending on the age group, 13-38% children reported back pain at least once per survey year, and 5-23% at least twice per survey year. The average weekly prevalence estimate ranged between 1% and 5%. In the final survey year more girls than boys reported back pain at least twice. The prevalence estimates did not increase monotonically with age but showed a greater increase in children younger than 9/10, after which they remained relatively stable up to the age of 12 years.ConclusionsWe found that back pain was not a common problem in this age group and recommend health professionals be vigilant if a child presents with constant or recurring back pain. Our results need to be supplemented by a better understanding of the severity and consequences of back pain in childhood. It would be productive to study the circumstances surrounding the appearance of back pain in childhood, as well as, how various bio-psycho-social factors affect its onset and later recurrence. Knowledge about the causes of back pain in childhood might allow early prevention.
Theory of Mind Performance in Middle Childhood: Australian Normative and Validation Data
Authors: Cashion Larry 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTheory of mind tests are regularly used in childhood research and clinical practice for autism spectrum disorders in Australia. Despite this, there is little empirical evidence that the tests used in the United Kingdom and the United States have validity for Australian children. Furthermore, many tests believed to assess ‘advanced’ or ‘higher-order’ theory of mind have not had their reliability or validity rigorously evaluated. In the current study, seven theory of mind tasks were administered to 216 Australian children aged 6 to 12 years as part of a larger research project. While Australian children performed similarly to previous research samples on some tasks, there were marked discrepancies on others. Despite these differences, the validity of using a three-factor structure of first-, second-, and higher-order theory of mind tasks was supported by subsequent confirmatory factor analysis. Methodological issues accounted for some differences between the Australian and previously reported data. However, there were also some cross-cultural aspects of the results that require further investigation.
Media: An Uneasy Relationship
Authors: Chamberlin Greg 
Published: November 2014

In 1989, corruption inquiry commissioner Tony Fitzgerald, QC gave a qualified tick to the use of government media units and press secretaries in his landmark report, which ushered Queensland into an age of accountability.After an inquiry that included 238 public sitting days and 339 witnesses, his view was that it was both ‘legitimate and necessary’ for ministers, departments and public instrumentalities to employ staff to help keep the public informed. He warned, however, against control and manipulation of information and counselled there was no legitimate justification for politically motivated propaganda funded by taxpayers:The only justification for press secretaries and media units is that they lead to a community better informed about government and departmental activities. If they fail to do this then their existence is a misuse of public funds, and likely to help misconduct to flourish.
STRUCTURING OF DIAMOND FILMS USING MICROSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY
Authors: Domonkos Mária , Ižák Tibor , Štolcová Lucie , Proška Jan , Demo Pavel , Kromka Alexander 
Published: November 2014

In this study, the structuring of micro- and nanocrystalline diamond thin ﬁlms is demonstrated. The structuring of the diamond ﬁlms is performed using the technique of microsphere lithography followed by reactive ion etching. Specifically, this paper presents a four-step fabrication process: diamond deposition (microwave plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition), mask preparation (by the standard Langmuir-Blodgett method), mask modification and diamond etching. A self-assembled monolayer of monodisperse polystyrene (PS) microspheres with close-packed ordering is used as the primary template. Then the PS microspheres and the diamond films are processed in capacitively coupled radiofrequency plasma using different plasma chemistries. This fabrication method illustrates the preparation of large arrays of periodic and homogeneous hillock-like structures. The surface morphology of processed diamond films is characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscope. The potential applications of such diamond structures in various fields of nanotechnology are also briefly discussed.
PAZARLAMA PERSPEKTİFİNDEN KURUMSAL İTİBARIN ÖLÇÜLMESİ: KARABÜK ÜNİVERSİTESİ’NİN KURUMSAL İTİBARININ ÖĞRENCİLER TARAFINDAN DEĞERLENDİRMELERİNE YÖNELİK BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: FİDAN Yahya , ÇÖL Güner , YURTSEVER Selçuk 
Published: November 2014

Son yıllarda dünyada ve Türkiye’de eğitim hizmetlerinde sürekli bir değişimin yaşandığı bilinmektedir. Bu anlamda üniversitelerin öğrenci (müşteri) odaklı hizmet anlayışını benimseyerek; doğru, hızlı, güvenilir, konforlu bir hizmet sunma çabası içine girdikleri görülmektedir. Bu araştırma, Karabük Üniversitesi’nin iç paydaşı konumunda olan öğrencilerin üniversitenin kurumsal itibarını tespit etmeye ve bu değerlendirmeler arasında oluşan farkı belirlemeye yönelik betimsel bir çalışmadır. Eğitim örgütlerindeki iç paydaşların kurumsal itibara ilişkin değerlendirmenin tespit edilmesi ve kurumsal itibarla ilgili bir fark olup olmadığının belirlenmesi amacıyla literatür taraması yapılmış ve kurumsal itibarın ölçümü için geliştirilen kurumsal itibar Ölçeği araştırmada kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın ana kütlesini, Karabük Üniversitesi’nde eğitim gören öğrencilerin tamamıdır. Bu ana kütleden örnekleme seçilirken ihtimalli örnekleme yöntemlerinden biri olan “Katmanlı Örnekleme” yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Seçilen örneklem grubuna daha önce yapılan çalışmalardan yararlanarak oluşturulan anket formu uygulanmaktadır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) paket programının 18.0 sürümünden yararlanılmıştır. Anket yoluyla elde edilen verilere Tek Faktörlü Çoklu Varyans Analizi (MANOVA) uygulanmaktadır. MANOVA analiziyle öğrencilerin demografik ve okul bilgileri dikkate alınarak Karabük Üniversitesi’nin kurumsal itibarını karşılaştırılarak aralarında fark olup olmadığı ölçülmeye çalışılmaktadır
The impact of rotating night shifts on the breast milk collection volume among employed breastfeeding mothers
Authors: Huang Chien‐Cheng , Chung Min‐Hsien , Lin Hung‐Jung , Lin Shio‐Jean , Guo How‐Ran , Wang Hsien‐Yi , Su Shih‐Bin , Hsu Chien‐Chin 
Published: November 2014

The impact of rotating night shifts on the breast milk collection volume among employed breastfeeding mothers: Chien‐Cheng HUANG, et al. Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi‐Mei Medical Center, TaiwanObjectiveThe health benefits of breastfeeding are widely recognized. The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for six months after birth and for two years or longer together with nutritionally adequate complementary foods. To respond to the needs of industry, employed breastfeeding mothers must adapt to the rotating night shift (RNS). However, the RNS is associated with a higher risk of health problems in career women. We investigated the relationship between the RNS and breast milk volume.MethodsMothers who used a breastfeeding room while working at a technology company in Taiwan voluntarily participated in this study from March 1 through April 30, 2013. We compared two groups: breastfeeding mothers on (RNS+) and not on a RNS (RNS‐) to determine independent predictors for breast milk volume. We analyzed data from 109 partic ipants: RNS+ group n=56; RNS‐group n=53. Results: There was no significant difference in daily milk collection volume between the groups. Daily milk collection frequency and exclusive breastfeeding were independent predictors for a daily breast milk collection volume >350 ml. Conclusions: The RNS may not affect the breast milk volume. This result may help the government and employers make policies more appropriate for supporting employed breastfeeding mothers.
Processing of Optimized Cements and Concretes Via Particle Packing
Authors: Roy D.M. , Scheetz B.E. , Silsbee M.R. 
Published: November 2014

It has been well-recognized for many years that the particle-size distributions of the cement and the grading of the aggregates play an important role in determining the properties and characteristics of cement and concrete products. DSP (densified with small particles) type cements and concretes, to a certain extent, MDF (macro-defect-free) cements, and optimized concretes are recently recognized outstanding examples of the application of this principle. The preset characteristics of the cementitious slurry are also strongly influenced by these factors. Both the workability of the fresh material, and the microstructure development are controlled to a considerable extent by these geometric parameters.Two seminal works in the areas of continuous particle size distributions and particle packing are those of Andreason and Furnas, respectively. Furnas deals mainly with discrete systems and Andreason with continuous distributions. As early as 1907, the concept of idealized particle packing was being used to optimize cements and concretes. Figure 1a shows an idealized cross section of a simple cubic packing of monodispersed spheres. This system has a maximum packing density of 0.65%. In an ideally packed system of discrete size ranges, the size of the next smallest particles would be such that they just fit in the gaps between the largest size particles, and so on for subsequent particle sizes; this system is represented schematically in Figure 1b. Not only the sizes but also the relative numbers of particles are important; Figures 1c and 1d show systems where some fraction of the smaller and larger particle sizes, respectively, are missing. Figure 1e shows a system where the size of the second largest particles is too large to fit into the gaps between the largest particles, resulting in a lower packing efficiency. Thus, both the particle size and fractions are important when considering packing efficiency.
Necrotizing meningoencephalitis in a large mixed-breed dog
Authors: Estey Chelsie M. , Scott Steven J. , Cerda-Gonzalez Sofia 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Case Description—A 4-year-old 26-kg (57.2-lb) spayed female Staffordshire Bull Terrier mix was evaluated because of a 24-hour history of cluster seizures.
Clinical Findings—Neurologic examination revealed altered mentation and multifocal intracranial signs; MRI was performed. The MRI findings included multifocal, asymmetric forebrain lesions affecting both the gray and white matter, an area suggestive of focal necrosis, and loss of corticomedullary distinction. A midline shift and caudal transtentorial herniation were noted, suggestive of greater than normal intracranial pressure.
Treatment and Outcome—Because the dog's clinical signs worsened despite medical treatment and additional evidence of increased intracranial pressure, bilateral craniectomy and durectomy were performed. Histologic evaluation of a brain biopsy specimen revealed bilateral and asymmetric areas of necrosis in the subcortical white matter and adjacent gray matter. At the periphery of the necrotic areas, there was increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and Virchow-Robin spaces were expanded by CD3+ lymphocytes. Results of immunohistochemical analysis of brain tissue were negative for canine distemper virus, Neospora canis, and Toxoplasma gondii. These clinical, imaging, and histopathologic findings were compatible with necrotizing meningoencephalitis. The dog's neurologic status continued to worsen following surgery. Repeated MRI revealed ongoing signs of increased intracranial pressure, despite the bilateral craniectomy. The owners elected euthanasia.
Clinical Relevance—To the author's knowledge, this is the first report of necrotizing meningoencephalitis in a large mixed-breed dog. Necrotizing meningoencephalitis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in dogs other than small or toy breeds that have signs suggestive of inflammatory disease.