bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observed changes in the climate and snow dynamics of the Third Pole
Authors: Kuttippurath Jayanarayanan , Patel Vikas Kumar , Sharma Babu Ram 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Third Pole (TP) is the world’s largest highland and has one of the biggest reservoirs of glacier ice mass and snow cover on the Earth. Three major Asian rivers (the Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra) are nourished by the melting of glaciers and snow in Central Himalaya, which are inevitable for the socioeconomic sustainability and water security of South Asia. Here, we investigate the long-term (1980–2020) changes in snow depth and precipitation in TP, where major precipitation occurs in the form of rainfall in summer, and snowfall in winter and spring. The seasonal mean snow depth is deep (≥1 m) in winter and shallow (≤0.2 m) in summer. The average snowmelt and snow water equivalent are higher in the central and western Himalaya and Karakoram ranges in spring, which are the regions with most glaciers in TP. There is a significant positive trend in total precipitation, about 0.01–0.03 mm d−1 yr−1 in the central and eastern TP during the South Asian Summer Monsoon for the 1980–2020 period. Snowmelt is also increasing (>0.5 × 10−3 mm yr−1) in the western Himalaya during spring, which is consistent with the temperature rise (0.04–0.06 °C yr−1) there. In addition, there is a notable increase in the annual mean glacier melt (here, the water equivalent thickness) in TP (−1 to −5 cm w.e. yr−1), with its highest values in the eastern and central Himalaya (−3 to −5 cm w.e. yr−1), as estimated for the period 2003–2020. On top of these, by the end of the 21st century, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) projections show that there would be a significant decrease in snow depth and an increase in temperature of TP in all shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). Henceforth, the increasing trend in temperature and melting of snow/glaciers in TP would be a serious threat to the regional climate, water security and livelihood of the people of South Asia.
A systematic umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis of eHealth and mHealth interventions for improving lifestyle behaviours
Authors: Singh Ben , Ahmed Mavra , Staiano Amanda E. , Gough Claire , Petersen Jasmine , Vandelanotte Corneel , Kracht Chelsea , Huong Christopher , Yin Zenong , Vasiloglou Maria F. , Pan Chen-Chia , Short Camille E. , Mclaughlin Matthew , von Klinggraeff Lauren , Pfledderer Christopher D. , Moran Lisa J. , Button Alyssa M. , Maher Carol A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe aim of this meta-meta-analysis was to systematically review randomised controlled trial (RCT) evidence examining the effectiveness of e- and m-Health interventions designed to improve physical activity, sedentary behaviour, healthy eating and sleep. Nine electronic databases were searched for eligible studies published from inception to 1 June 2023. Systematic reviews with meta-analyses of RCTs that evaluate e- and m-Health interventions designed to improve physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep and healthy eating in any adult population were included. Forty-seven meta-analyses were included, comprising of 507 RCTs and 206,873 participants. Interventions involved mobile apps, web-based and SMS interventions, with 14 focused on physical activity, 3 for diet, 4 for sleep and 26 evaluating multiple behaviours. Meta-meta-analyses showed that e- and m-Health interventions resulted in improvements in steps/day (mean difference, MD = 1329 [95% CI = 593.9, 2065.7] steps/day), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MD = 55.1 [95% CI = 13.8, 96.4] min/week), total physical activity (MD = 44.8 [95% CI = 21.6, 67.9] min/week), sedentary behaviour (MD = −426.3 [95% CI = −850.2, −2.3] min/week), fruit and vegetable consumption (MD = 0.57 [95% CI = 0.11, 1.02] servings/day), energy intake (MD = −102.9 kcals/day), saturated fat consumption (MD = −5.5 grams/day), and bodyweight (MD = −1.89 [95% CI = −2.42, −1.36] kg). Analyses based on standardised mean differences (SMD) showed improvements in sleep quality (SMD = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.40, 0.72) and insomnia severity (SMD = −0.90, 95% CI = −1.14, −0.65). Most subgroup analyses were not significant, suggesting that a variety of e- and m-Health interventions are effective across diverse age and health populations. These interventions offer scalable and accessible approaches to help individuals adopt and sustain healthier behaviours, with implications for broader public health and healthcare challenges.
Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1 is dispensable in macrophage differentiation and anti-pathogen response
Authors: Zhang Lishan , Wu Zhengyi , Qiu Xuanhui , Zhang Jia , Cheng Shih-Chin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMacrophages play a pivotal role in orchestrating the immune response against pathogens. While the intricate interplay between macrophage activation and metabolism remains a subject of intense investigation, the role of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1 (Got1) in this context has not been extensively assessed. Here, we investigate the impact of Got1 on macrophage polarization and function, shedding light on its role in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, pathogen defense, and immune paralysis. Using genetically modified mouse models, including both myeloid specific knockout and overexpression, we comprehensively demonstrate that Got1 depletion leads to reduced ROS production in macrophages. Intriguingly, this impairment in ROS generation does not affect the resistance of Got1 KO mice to pathogenic challenges. Furthermore, Got1 is dispensable for M2 macrophage differentiation and does not influence the onset of LPS-induced immune paralysis. Our findings underscore the intricate facets of macrophage responses, suggesting that Got1 is dispensable in discrete immunological processes.
Independent fitness consequences of group size variation in Verreaux’s sifakas
Authors: Kappeler Peter M. , Fichtel Claudia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe costs and benefits of group living are also reflected in intraspecific variation in group size. Yet, little is known about general patterns of fitness consequences of this variation. We use demographic records collected over 25 years to determine how survival and reproductive success vary with group size in a Malagasy primate. We show that female reproductive rates of Verreaux’s sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi) are not affected by total group size, but that they are supressed by the number of co-resident females, whereas mortality rates are significantly higher in larger groups. Neither annual rainfall nor the adult sex ratio have significant effects on birth and death rates. Hence, these sifakas enjoy the greatest net fitness benefits at small, and not the predicted intermediate group sizes. Thus, independent fitness proxies can vary independently as a function of group size as well as other factors, leading to deviations from optimal intermediate group sizes.
Molecular set representation learning
Authors: Boulougouri Maria , Vandergheynst Pierre , Probst Daniel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractComputational representation of molecules can take many forms, including graphs, string encodings of graphs, binary vectors or learned embeddings in the form of real-valued vectors. These representations are then used in downstream classification and regression tasks using a wide range of machine learning models. However, existing models come with limitations, such as the requirement for clearly defined chemical bonds, which often do not represent the true underlying nature of a molecule. Here we propose a framework for molecular machine learning tasks based on set representation learning. We show that learning on sets of atom invariants alone reaches the performance of state-of-the-art graph-based models on the most-used chemical benchmark datasets and that introducing a set representation layer into graph neural networks can surpass the performance of established methods in the domains of chemistry, biology and material science. We introduce specialized set representation-based neural network architectures for reaction-yield and protein–ligand binding-affinity prediction. Overall, we show that the technique we denote molecular set representation learning is both an alternative and an extension to graph neural network architectures for machine learning tasks on molecules, molecule complexes and chemical reactions.
A common gene signature of the right ventricle in failing rat and human hearts
Authors: Jurida Liane , Werner Sebastian , Knapp Fabienne , Niemann Bernd , Li Ling , Grün Dimitri , Wirth Stefanie , Weber Axel , Beuerlein Knut , Liebetrau Christoph , Wiedenroth Christoph B. , Guth Stefan , Kojonazarov Baktybek , Jafari Leili , Weissmann Norbert , Günther Stefan , Braun Thomas , Bartkuhn Marek , Schermuly Ralph T. , Dorfmüller Peter , Yin Xiaoke , Mayr Manuel , Schmitz M. Lienhard , Czech Laureen , Schlüter Klaus-Dieter , Schulz Rainer , Rohrbach Susanne , Kracht Michael 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe molecular mechanisms of progressive right heart failure are incompletely understood. In this study, we systematically examined transcriptomic changes occurring over months in isolated cardiomyocytes or whole heart tissues from failing right and left ventricles in rat models of pulmonary artery banding (PAB) or aortic banding (AOB). Detailed bioinformatics analyses resulted in the identification of gene signature, protein and transcription factor networks specific to ventricles and compensated or decompensated disease states. Proteomic and RNA-FISH analyses confirmed PAB-mediated regulation of key genes and revealed spatially heterogeneous mRNA expression in the heart. Intersection of rat PAB-specific gene sets with transcriptome datasets from human patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) led to the identification of more than 50 genes whose expression levels correlated with the severity of right heart disease, including multiple matrix-regulating and secreted factors. These data define a conserved, differentially regulated genetic network associated with right heart failure in rats and humans.
Speciation happens in company – not in isolation
Authors: Beierkuhnlein Carl 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOceanic islands are considered the classic arenas for allopatric speciation and adaptive radiation. Established concepts of speciation and endemism are strongly focused on spatial and temporal scales. However, biotic interactions and ecological drivers, although widely recognized as playing a role, still need to be integrated into our understanding of these processes. Here, I highlight ecosystems as the evolutionary arena within islands. Ecosystem functioning, such as the regulation of abiotic fluxes of energy and matter, has been intensely studied in the context of climate change and biodiversity loss. Biogeography, on the other hand, when it focuses on speciation and endemism, often lacks a functional understanding of the ecosystem beyond species lists. This contribution aims to stimulate a stronger integration of ecological processes, assembly rules, and vegetation structures into future biogeographical and macroecological studies.
A cognitive neural circuit biotype of depression showing functional and behavioral improvement after transcranial magnetic stimulation in the B-SMART-fMRI trial
Authors: Tozzi Leonardo , Bertrand Claire , Hack Laura Michele , Lyons Timothy , Olmsted Alisa Marie , Rajasekharan Divya , Chen TeChieh , Berlow Yosef A. , Yesavage Jerome A. , Lim Kelvin , Madore Michelle R. , Philip Noah S. , Holtzheimer Paul , Williams Leanne Maree 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe previously identified a cognitive biotype of depression characterized by treatment resistance, impaired cognitive control behavioral performance and dysfunction in the cognitive control circuit, comprising the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dLPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Therapeutic transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the left dLPFC is a promising option for individuals whose depression does not respond to pharmacotherapy. Here, 43 veterans with treatment-resistant depression were assessed before TMS, after early TMS and post-TMS using functional magnetic resonance imaging during a Go–NoGo paradigm, behavioral cognitive control tests and symptom questionnaires. Stratifying veterans at baseline based on task-evoked dLPFC–dACC connectivity, we demonstrate that TMS-related improvement in cognitive control circuit connectivity and behavioral performance is specific to individuals with reduced connectivity at baseline (cognitive biotype +), whereas individuals with intact connectivity at baseline (cognitive biotype −) did not demonstrate significant changes. Our findings show that dLPFC–dACC connectivity during cognitive control is both a promising diagnostic biomarker for a cognitive biotype of depression and a response biomarker for cognitive improvement after TMS applied to the dLPFC.
Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Professions in Asia: Past History and Current Status
Authors: Lee Sue Ann S. , Ang Chloe Hui Min , Chafcouloff Elizabeth , Choi Seong Hee , De Chua Kenneth Wei , Cuadro Carla Krishan , Hassan Fatimah Hani , Kariyasu Makoto , Lertsukprasert Krisna , Sasheendran Snithin , Supiaty Upik , Tsai Meng-Ju , Tseng Shu-Chuan , Wang Rumi , Wong Min Ney , Yuan Sun 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
In collaboration with members of the Asia Pacific Society of Speech, Language and Hearing (APSSLH), the purpose of this tutorial was to outline a brief history and the current status of the speech-language pathology and audiology professions in Asian countries that are affiliated with the APSSLH.

Method:
Relevant literature and websites on the speech-language pathology and audiology professions in each country are reviewed and summarized. Information was also obtained via personal interviews.

Results:
A brief history, educational programs, licensure systems, and professional organizations of each country are addressed.

Discussion:
The developmental status of speech-language pathology and audiology professions in Asian countries varies from emerging to fully established. Several issues among countries in development are discussed, and recommendations for future development are addressed.

Conclusion:
This tutorial will improve awareness of speech-language pathology and audiology status in Asian countries and may facilitate ASHA and APSSLH members participation in and contributions to international relations and affairs.
Enhancing cloud security: A study on ensemble learning‐based intrusion detection systems
Authors: Al‐Sharif Maha , Bushnag Anas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCloud computing has become an essential technology for people and enterprises due to the simplicity and rapid availability of services on the internet. These services are usually delivered through a third party, which provides the required resources for users. Therefore, because of the distributed complexity and increased spread of this type of environment, many attackers are attempting to access sensitive data from users and organizations. One counter technique is the use of intrusion detection systems (IDSs), which detect attacks within the cloud environment by monitoring traffic activity. However, since the computing environment varies from the environments of most traditional systems, it is difficult for IDSs to identify attacks and continual changes in attack patterns. Therefore, a system that uses an ensemble learning algorithm is proposed. Ensemble learning is a machine learning technique that collects information from weak classifiers and creates one robust classifier with higher accuracy than the individual weak classifiers. The bagging technique is used with a random forest algorithm as a base classifier and compared to three boosting classifiers: Ensemble AdaBoost, Ensemble LPBoost, and Ensemble RUSBoost. The CICID2017 dataset is utilized to develop the proposed IDS to satisfy cloud computing requirements. Each classifier is also tested on various subdatasets individually to analyze the performance. The results show that Ensemble RUSBoost has the best average performance overall with 99.821% accuracy. Moreover, bagging achieves the best performance on the DS2 subdataset, with an accuracy of 99.997%. The proposed model is also compared to a model from the literature to show the differences and demonstrate its effectiveness.
A bidirectional isolated DC‐DC converter with low voltage stresses for energy storage systems integration
Authors: Khanbabaie Amir Hossein , Azari Milad Niaz , Nouri Tohid , Shaneh Mahdi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHerein, a bidirectional isolated DC‐DC converter with low voltage stress is introduced to utilise in energy storage frameworks. Two sets of coupled inductors (CI) and a transformer are utilized on the low‐voltage side to increase voltage gain. Through the series connection of the secondary windings of the CIs with the primary windings of the transformer, the concluded voltage gain is improved by the multiplication of the turns ratios of CI and transformer. As a result, the voltage gains as well as the voltage stresses in both directions can be flexibly improved through three degrees of freedom, which are the turns ratios of the CIs, transformer and duty cycle. Clamp capacitors accomplish active clamping, and the energy saved within the leakage inductance is recycled. Additionally, some switches are performed with soft‐switching and partially diminished switching losses. The steady‐state analysis and extensive performance comparison of the proposed converter prove that the proposed converter outperforms the similar previous converters in the state‐of‐the‐art. An 800 W 48 V/380 V prototype is developed to prove the performance of the proposed converter. The peak efficiency amounts of the proposed system in the high step‐down and high step‐up modes are 95.8% and 96.2%, respectively.
Linalool: Therapeutic Indication And Their Multifaceted Biomedical
Applications
Authors: Singh Shiva , Mishra Anuradha 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis comprehensive review endeavors to illuminate the nuanced facets of linalool,
a prominent monoterpene found abundantly in essential oils, constituting a
massive portion of their composition. The biomedical relevance of linalool is a
key focus, highlighting its therapeutic attributes observed through
anti-nociceptive effects, anxiolytic properties, and behavioral modulation in
individuals affected by dementia. These findings underscore the compound's
potential application in biomedical applications. This review further explores
contemporary formulations, delineating the adaptability of linalool in
nano-emulsions, microemulsions, bio-capsules, and various topical formulations,
including topical gels and lotions. This review covers published and granted
patents between 2018–2024 and sheds light on the evolving landscape of linalool
applications, revealing advancements in dermatological, anti-inflammatory, and
antimicrobial domains.
Sentiment Analysis of Transsphenoidal Surgery in the Cushing's Subreddit
Authors: Dimitroyannis Rose , Thodupunoori Sharanya , Leung Ringo , Nordgren Rachel , Polster Sean P. , Horowitz Peleg M. , Das Paramita , Roxbury Christopher R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction While the definitive treatment of Cushing's disease (CD) is transsphenoidal surgery (TSS), little is known about patients' perceptions of their treatment experience. Reddit, an online forum, allows users to interact on “subreddits” specific to interests. We aimed to assess patient sentiments regarding TSS for CD on the Cushing's subreddit.
Methods Cushing's subreddit posts were sorted by “top” of “all time” to evaluate those with the most engagement throughout the site's history. Posts unrelated to surgical management of CD were excluded. Descriptive statistics were performed to compare pre- and postoperative posters. Sentiment analysis was performed using TextBlob, a Python library, and thematic analysis was done using grounded theory qualitative methods.
Results From 68 entries, 53 (77.9%) were written by individuals who underwent TSS. Of posters with a history of TSS, many (68%, n = 25/38) reported difficult recovery, but an overwhelming majority (91.3%, n = 42/46) also reported positive long-term outcomes. Posters who had undergone TSS were more likely to post content with negative sentiment (p = 0.007), often regarding issues with access to the surgery. Thematic analysis revealed general themes of seeking and sharing advice, healthcare access issues, excitement for TSS, short-term symptoms postoperatively, and long-term outcomes.
Conclusion This study is the first to utilize Reddit to analyze patient perceptions of TSS for CD. This analysis suggests that most posters feel positively regarding their long-term outcome, while negative sentiments are often related to difficulties accessing care. Further studies should assess access to care for those with CD.
Hearing Function after CyberKnife for Vestibular Schwannoma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tavares Matheus Pedrosa , Bahmad Jr Fayez 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Introduction CyberKnife (CK) radiosurgery is a treatment strategy for vestibular schwannoma (VS).
Objectives To evaluate hearing preservation (HP) after CK for VS.
Data Synthesis The study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, and it was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, under number CRD42021250300). The inclusion criteria were based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, timing and study design (PICOTS) strategy: population – patients with VS; intervention – CK; Comparison – none; Outcome – serviceable HP defined by Gardner and Robertson as grades I or II, or by the American Academy of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery as classes A or B; timing – mean follow-up longer than 1 year; and study design – retrospective or prospective studies. The exclusion criteria were: studies not published in English; studies published before January 2000 and after October 2021; and studies only including patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 or submitted to a previous treatment. The PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and IBECS databases were used and last searched on October 27th, 2021. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I
2 statistics. The appraisal checklist was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. A total of 222 studies were analyzed, and 13 were included in the synthesis, which represents 493 participants with serviceable hearing before intervention. The mean HP rate after CK using a random effects model was of 68% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 59–76%) at a mean follow-up of 42.96 months.
Conclusion The longer follow-up period was associated with a lower HP rate after CK radiosurgery for VS in the qualitative synthesis.