bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying and analysing the angular momentum in volleyball jump serve during the aerial phase: relationship to arm swing speed
Authors: Liu Lingjun , Chen Zhenxiang , Zhao Defeng , Tan Zhizong , Qi Yaqian 
Published: August 2024

Background
In volleyball, the jump serve is a crucial and commonly used serving technique. Nonetheless, the angular momentum developed during the jump serve remains unexplored. The objectives of the current study were to determine the angular momentum manifesting during the airborne phase of the jump serve and to analyse the correlations between the angular momentum variables and arm swing speed.

Methods
Three-dimensional coordinate data were obtained during the jump serves of 17 professional male volleyball players. Correlation and linear regression analyses were used to identify the angular momentum variables linked to the arm swing speed at ball impact (BI).

Results
The arm swing speed at BI exhibited significant correlations with the peak angular momentum of the attack arm (r = 0.551, p = 0.024), non-attack arm (r = 0.608, p = 0.011), non-attack leg (r = −0.516, p = 0.034), forearm (r = 0.527, p = 0.032), and hand (r = 0.824, p < 0.001). A stepwise regression model (R2 = 0.35, p = 0.043) predicted arm swing speed based on the peak angular momentum of the non-attack leg, forearm, and hand.

Conclusions
The study results suggest that during the arm-acceleration phase, (1) increasing angular momentum with the non-attack leg helps maintain aerial body balance, thereby enhancing arm swing execution, and (2) controlling the magnitude and timing of the force exerted by the elbow and wrist is crucial for effectively transmitting angular momentum, contributing to an increase in arm swing speed.
An Evaluation of Anti-hyperlipidemic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of (Asparagus racemosus) Leaves on High Fat Diet Induced Hyper Lipidemic Rat Model
Authors: Sagir Shabira , Toha Ikram Wahid , Chowdhury Md. Tanvir , Barai Sampa , Mamun Abdullah Al , Rahman Towsifur 
Published: August 2024

Traditional medicine, according to the World Health Organization, encompasses the knowledge, skills, and practices derived from the theories, beliefs, and experiences of various cultures. It is used to maintain health and prevent, diagnose, improve, or treat physical and mental illnesses. The liver is an essential organ for human metabolism, however; eating excessive high-fat foods can cause hyperlipidemia, a frequent chronic condition. Current hyperlipidemia medications, such as statins, have serious side effects and are inexpensive. Researchers are looking for alternative, natural medicines, and one such possibility is the plant Asparagus racemosus, which has long been utilized in Asia continent for its medicinal benefits. This research examined the effects of Asparagus racemosus extract on lipid profiles in rats that had developed hyperlipidemia due to a high-fat diet. Neither the SGPT nor SGOT values yielded statistically significant findings (p<0.05) in the liver function test. The renal function test revealed that there was no significant statistical variation in the levels of urea. Nevertheless, the examination of the creatinine levels revealed statistically significant outcomes (p< 0.05) in groups 5 and 6, where the dosage of high fat and extract administered was 600 and 900 mg/kg, respectively. Groups 5 and 6 showed statistically significant results (p<0.05) for high-density lipoprotein (HDL); however, only group 6 produced statistically significant outcomes (p<0.05) for low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Groups 5 and 6 were given dosages of 600 and 900 mg/kg, respectively. There was a significant statistical difference (p<0.05) in the triglyceride levels between groups 5 and 6. The data referring to total cholesterol levels did not demonstrate any statistical significance. Additionally, this study included an investigation of the effects of an ethanolic extract of Asparagus racemosus on lipid profiles in hyperlipidemic rats.
Influence of Priming on Seed Quality and Seed Health in Sorghum
Authors: Koradhanyamath Poornima , Gowda Basave , S. R. Doddagoudar , N. M. Shakuntala , Hosamani Arunkumar , A. S. Savitha , Rao Satyanarayan 
Published: August 2024

Aims: To achieve sustainable agriculture, it is essential to conduct ongoing research aimed at reducing the reliance on chemical fertilizers. This study investigates the effectiveness of seed priming, either alone or in combination with low doses of fungicides and/or biocontrol agents, to enhance seed quality and to reduce seed infection by improving the rate and uniformity of seed emergence and overcoming diseases.
Study Design: Completely randomized design.
Place and Duration of Study: Seed Unit, UAS, Raichur, from March 2022 to September 2022.
Methodology: Sorghum seeds were surface sterilized with sodium hypochlorite (1 %) for five minutes and then washed thrice with sterile water. Later the seeds were primed with Trichoderma hamatum, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Carboxin 37.5 % + thiram 37.5 % (vitavax power), Trichoderma harzianum, Azospirillium and control with the seed to solution ratio of 1:5 for eight hours and then the primed seeds were dried back to original moisture content (24 hrs.) and then used to assess the seed quality parameters.
Results: Seed priming with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens resulted in statistically significant improvements in seed germination (95.0%), shoot length (16.9 cm), root length (16.6 cm), seedling length (33.5 cm), speed of germination (20.1), seedling dry weight (339.3 mg), seedling vigour index-I (3183), seedling vigour index-II (32234), lower electrical conductivity (0.35 dS/m) and reduced seed infection (0.6%). In contrast, the control group exhibited significantly lower seed germination (83.0%), shoot length (12.6 cm), root length (11.1 cm), seedling length (23.7 cm), speed of germination (15.2), seedling dry weight (333.2 mg), seedling vigour index-I (1967), seedling vigour index-II (27656), higher electrical conductivity (0.65 dS/m) and increased seed infection (6.8%).
Conclusion: Sorghum seeds primed with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens increases the seed quality parameters and reduces seed infection, supporting its use as an effective strategy for enhancing seed performance and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
Provenance analysis using Raman spectroscopy of carbonaceous material: A case study in the Southern Alps of New Zealand
Authors: Nibourel Lukas , Herman Frédéric , Cox Simon C. , Beyssac Olivier , Lavé Jérôme 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDetrital provenance analyses in orogenic settings, in which sediments are collected at the outlet of a catchment, have become an important tool to estimate how erosion varies in space and time. Here we present how Raman Spectroscopy on Carbonaceous Material (RSCM) can be used for provenance analysis. RSCM provides an estimate of the peak temperature (RSCM‐T) experienced during metamorphism. We show that we can infer modern erosion patterns in a catchment by combining new measurements on detrital sands with previously acquired bedrock data. We focus on the Whataroa catchment in the Southern Alps of New Zealand and exploit the metamorphic gradient that runs parallel to the main drainage direction. To account for potential sampling biases, we also quantify abrasion properties using flume experiments and measure the total organic carbon content in the bedrock that produced the collected sands. Finally, we integrate these parameters into a mass‐conservative model. Our results first demonstrate that RSCM‐T can be used for detrital studies. Second, we find that spatial variations in tracer concentration and erosion have a first‐order control on the RSCM‐T distributions, even though our flume experiments reveal that weak lithologies produce substantially more fine particles than do more durable lithologies. This result implies that sand specimens are good proxies for mapping spatial variations in erosion when the bedrock concentration of the target mineral is quantified. The modeling suggests that highest present‐day erosion rates (in Whataroa catchment) are not situated at the range front but around 10 km into the mountain belt.
Transcatheter closure of ruptured sinus of Valsalva: Different techniques and mid‐term follow‐up
Authors: Mahimarangaiah Jayranganath , Chandra Subash , Subramanian Anand , Srinivasa K. H. , Usha M. K. , Manjunath C. N. 
Published: August 2015

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to study the feasibility and approaches to device closure of ruptured sinus of Valsalva (RSOV). We have compared the advantages and disadvantages of different devices and techniques and discussed complications which might occur during or after the procedure.BackgroundThere are only a few case series of transcatheter closure of RSOV, with most cases being traditionally referred for surgery. We have employed different devices used for treatment of congenital shunt lesions to achieve closure. Reasons for failure and need for surgical referral have also been analyzed.MethodsTranscatheter closure was attempted in a total of 25 patients of RSOV who presented to us over a period of 4 years. Different devices were deployed using antegrade and retrograde approaches. All patients have been on regular follow‐up.ResultsThe procedural success rate was 84%. Two patients presenting in cardiogenic shock were effectively treated by device closure. There was one case of device embolization and two patients had residual leak. Three patients were referred for surgery. There was one case of device induced severe aortic regurgitation. Ventricular septal defect and RSOV were closed simultaneously in one patient.ConclusionsDifferent approaches and devices may be used for transcatheter closure of RSOV. We prefer antegrade closure using duct occluders in most cases while muscular VSD occluders may be used in select situations. ADO II devices should hardly ever be used on their own for device closure of RSOV. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regression calibration with instrumental variables for longitudinal models with interaction terms, and application to air pollution studies
Authors: Strand M. , Sillau S. , Grunwald G. K. , Rabinovitch N. 
Published: August 2015

SummaryIn this paper, we derive forms of estimators and associated variances for regression calibration with instrumental variables in longitudinal models that include interaction terms between two unobservable predictors and interactions between these predictors and covariates not measured with error; the inclusion of the latter interactions generalize results we previously reported. The methods are applied to air pollution and health data collected on children with asthma. The new methods allow for the examination of how the relationship between health outcome leukotriene E4 (LTE4, a biomarker of inflammation) and two unobservable pollutant exposures and their interaction are modified by the presence or absence of upper respiratory infections. The pollutant variables include secondhand smoke and ambient (outdoor) fine particulate matter. Simulations verify the accuracy of the proposed methods under various conditions. © 2015 The Authors Environmetrics Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
The effect of spiritual interventions addressing existential themes using a narrative approach on quality of life of cancer patients: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kruizinga Renske , Hartog Iris D. , Jacobs Marc , Daams Joost G. , Scherer‐Rath Michael , Schilderman Johannes B. A. M. , Sprangers Mirjam A. G. , Van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the effect of spiritual interventions on quality of life of cancer patients.MethodsWe conducted our search on June 6, 2014 in Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, and PubMed. All clinical trials were included that compared standard care with a spiritual intervention that addressed existential themes using a narrative approach. Study quality was evaluated by the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.ResultsA total of 4972 studies were identified, of which 14 clinical trials (2050 patients) met the inclusion criteria, and 12 trials (1878 patients) were included in the meta‐analysis. The overall risk of bias was high. When combined, all studies showed a moderate effect (d) 0.50 (95% CI = 0.20–0.79) 0–2 weeks after the intervention on overall quality of life in favor of the spiritual interventions. Meta‐analysis at 3–6 months after the intervention showed a small insignificant effect (0.14, 95% CI = −0.08 to 0.35). Subgroup analysis including only the western studies showed a small effect of 0.17 (95% CI = 0.05–0.29). Including only studies that met the allocation concealment criteria showed an insignificant effect of 0.14 (95% CI = −0.05 to 0.33).ConclusionsDirectly after the intervention, spiritual interventions had a moderate beneficial effect in terms of improving quality of life of cancer patients compared with that of a control group. No evidence was found that the interventions maintained this effect up to 3–6 months after the intervention. Further research is needed to understand how spiritual interventions could contribute to a long‐term effect of increasing or maintaining quality of life. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heavy metal transport by the CusCFBA efflux system
Authors: Delmar Jared A. , Su Chih‐Chia , Yu Edward W. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIt is widely accepted that the increased use of antibiotics has resulted in bacteria with developed resistance to such treatments. These organisms are capable of forming multi‐protein structures that bridge both the inner and outer membrane to expel diverse toxic compounds directly from the cell. Proteins of the resistance nodulation cell division (RND) superfamily typically assemble as tripartite efflux pumps, composed of an inner membrane transporter, a periplasmic membrane fusion protein, and an outer membrane factor channel protein. These machines are the most powerful antimicrobial efflux machinery available to bacteria. In Escherichia coli, the CusCFBA complex is the only known RND transporter with a specificity for heavy metals, detoxifying both Cu+ and Ag+ ions. In this review, we discuss the known structural information for the CusCFBA proteins, with an emphasis on their assembly, interaction, and the relationship between structure and function.
Genetik des familiären Brust- und Eierstockkrebses: Paneldiagnostik – Möglichkeiten und Grenzen
Authors: Meindl Alfons , Ramser Juliane , Hauke Jan , Hahnen Eric 
Published: August 2015

Zusammenfassung
Aktuelle Untersuchungen belegen, dass das hereditäre Mamma- und Ovarialkarzinom eine extreme genetische Heterogenität aufweist. Aktuell sind neben BRCA1 und BRCA2 bereits mehr als 20 Risikogene bekannt, die etwa ein Drittel aller familiären Fälle erklären können. Zusätzlich werden ständig neue polygene Komponenten identifiziert, die derzeit 16 % der gesamten genetischen Last bedingen. Das bedeutet, diese Varianten befinden sich zusätzlich zu hoch- oder moderat penetranten Mutationen in den Familien und modulieren die Penetranz.Gegenwärtig wird eine erweiterte BRCA-Diagnostik bereits in mehreren Ländern angeboten. Das Deutsche Konsortium Familiärer Brust- und Eierstockkrebs (GC-HBOC) hat z. B. für die Multigenanalyse das TruRisk™-Genpanel konsentiert, welches neben den 10 sog. „core genes“ (ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDH1, CHEK2, NBN, PALB2, RAD51C, RAD51D, TP53) derzeit weitere noch zu validierende 24 Kandidatengene umfasst. Innerhalb des GC-HBOC wurde festgelegt, dass zunächst nur die Untersuchung der 10 core genes verpflichtend ist. Neben dem TruRisk™-Genpanel existieren zahlreiche kommerzielle Genpanels, wie beispielsweise das TruSight Cancer Panel (Fa. Illumina), welches 94 Gene abdeckt, oder die jeweils 26 Gene umfassenden BRCA Hereditary Cancer MASTRTM Plus (Fa. Multiplicom) und Myriad myRiskTM (Myriad Genetics) Panels. Der Einsatz der Paneldiagnostik ermöglicht, im Rahmen der molekulargenetischen Diagnostik bei Tumorprädispositionserkrankungen, die flexible Untersuchung der relevanten erblichen Risikofaktoren. Das heißt aber, dass die Panels ständig neuen Erkenntnissen angepasst werden, die zwangsläufig einerseits aus den laufenden klinischen Validierungsstudien und andererseits aus den initiierten „exom“- oder „whole-genome“ Sequenzierungen resultieren.
Combination of 13 cis‐retinoic acid and tolfenamic acid induces apoptosis and effectively inhibits high‐risk neuroblastoma cell proliferation
Authors: Shelake Sagar , Eslin Don , Sutphin Robert M. , Sankpal Umesh T. , Wadwani Anmol , Kenyon Laura E. , Tabor‐Simecka Leslie , Bowman W. Paul , Vishwanatha Jamboor K. , Basha Riyaz 
Published: August 2015

AbstractChemotherapeutic regimens used for the treatment of Neuroblastoma (NB) cause long‐term side effects in pediatric patients. NB arises in immature sympathetic nerve cells and primarily affects infants and children. A high rate of relapse in high‐risk neuroblastoma (HRNB) necessitates the development of alternative strategies for effective treatment. This study investigated the efficacy of a small molecule, tolfenamic acid (TA), for enhancing the anti‐proliferative effect of 13 cis‐retinoic acid (RA) in HRNB cell lines. LA1‐55n and SH‐SY5Y cells were treated with TA (30 μM) or RA (20 μM) or both (optimized doses, derived from dose curves) for 48 h and tested the effect on cell viability, apoptosis and selected molecular markers (Sp1, survivin, AKT and ERK1/2). Cell viability and caspase activity were measured using the CellTiter‐Glo and Caspase‐Glo kits. The apoptotic cell population was determined by flow cytometry with Annexin‐V staining. The expression of Sp1, survivin, AKT, ERK1/2 and c‐PARP was evaluated by Western blots. The combination therapy of TA and RA resulted in significant inhibition of cell viability (p < 0.0001) when compared to individual agents. The anti‐proliferative effect is accompanied by a decrease in Sp1 and survivin expression and an increase in apoptotic markers, Annexin‐V positive cells, caspase 3/7 activity and c‐PARP levels. Notably, TA + RA combination also caused down regulation of AKT and ERK1/2 suggesting a distinct impact on survival and proliferation pathways via signaling cascades. This study demonstrates that the TA mediated inhibition of Sp1 in combination with RA provides a novel therapeutic strategy for the effective treatment of HRNB in children.
New instability mode in a grooved channel
Authors: Mohammadi A. , Moradi H. V. , Floryan J. M. 
Published: August 2015

It is known that longitudinal grooves may stabilize or destabilize the travelling wave instability in a channel flow depending on the groove wavenumber. These waves reduce to the classical Tollmien–Schlichting waves in the absence of grooves. It is shown that another class of travelling wave instability exists if grooves with sufficiently high amplitude and proper wavelengths are used. It is demonstrated that the new instability mode is driven by the inviscid mechanism, with the disturbance motion having the form of a wave propagating in the streamwise direction with phase speed approximately four times larger than the Tollmien–Schlichting wave speed and with its streamwise wavelength being approximately twice the spanwise groove wavelength. The instability motion is concentrated mostly in the middle of the channel and has a planar character, i.e. the dominant velocity components are parallel to the walls. A significant reduction of the corresponding critical Reynolds number can be achieved by increasing the groove amplitude. Conditions that guarantee the flow stability in a grooved channel, i.e. the grooved surface behaves as a hydraulically smooth surface, have been identified.
Unchanging public order policing in changing times in East Africa
Authors: Baker Bruce 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTThis article offers a political analysis of the practices and motives of public order policing in Ethiopia and Uganda. It offers an explanation of the continuation of forceful tactics against political protest in a context of changing methods of information gathering, organisation and mobilisation by urban activists resulting from their access to internet and communication technology. It finds the two regimes, as anocracies, are caught between legally allowing protest and yet, conscious of their fragility, determined to crush opposition. For the latter approach, their militarist leaderships rely heavily on continued police violence. The paper concludes that failure of the police to adapt their public order policing to the new protest environment leaves them increasingly ineffective and unpopular. It is likely to provoke an escalation of violence and may both undermine the legitimacy of their regimes and reverse their attempts to open political space that justified their rebellions against former autocracies.
Patterns of Emotion Attribution are Affected in Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Romero-Ferreiro María Verónica , Aguado Luis , Rodriguez-Torresano Javier , Palomo Tomás , Rodriguez-Jimenez Roberto 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDeficits in facial affect recognition have been repeatedly reported in schizophrenia patients. The hypothesis that this deficit is caused by poorly differentiated cognitive representation of facial expressions was tested in this study. To this end, performance of patients with schizophrenia and controls was compared in a new emotion-rating task. This novel approach allowed the participants to rate each facial expression at different times in terms of different emotion labels. Results revealed that patients tended to give higher ratings to emotion labels that did not correspond to the portrayed emotion, especially in the case of negative facial expressions (p < .001, η2 = .131). Although patients and controls gave similar ratings when the emotion label matched with the facial expression, patients gave higher ratings on trials with "incorrect" emotion labels (ps < .05). Comparison of patients and controls in a summary index of expressive ambiguity showed that patients perceived angry, fearful and happy faces as more emotionally ambiguous than did the controls (p < .001, η2 = .135). These results are consistent with the idea that the cognitive representation of emotional expressions in schizophrenia is characterized by less clear boundaries and a less close correspondence between facial configurations and emotional states.
Two enzymes with redundant fructose bisphosphatase activity sustain gluconeogenesis and virulence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Ganapathy Uday , Marrero Joeli , Calhoun Susannah , Eoh Hyungjin , de Carvalho Luiz Pedro Sorio , Rhee Kyu , Ehrt Sabine 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) likely utilizes host fatty acids as a carbon source during infection. Gluconeogenesis is essential for the conversion of fatty acids into biomass. A rate-limiting step in gluconeogenesis is the conversion of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate by a fructose bisphosphatase (FBPase). The Mtb genome contains only one annotated FBPase gene, glpX. Here we show that, unexpectedly, an Mtb mutant lacking GLPX grows on gluconeogenic carbon sources and has detectable FBPase activity. We demonstrate that the Mtb genome encodes an alternative FBPase (GPM2, Rv3214) that can maintain gluconeogenesis in the absence of GLPX. Consequently, deletion of both GLPX and GPM2 is required for disruption of gluconeogenesis and attenuation of Mtb in a mouse model of infection. Our work affirms a role for gluconeogenesis in Mtb virulence and reveals previously unidentified metabolic redundancy at the FBPase-catalysed reaction step of the pathway.