bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief Report: Impaired Cell Reprogramming in Nonhomologous End Joining Deficient Cells
Authors: Molina-Estevez F. Javier , Lozano M. Luz , Navarro Susana , Torres Yaima , Grabundzija Ivana , Ivics Zoltan , Samper Enrique , Bueren Juan A. , Guenechea Guillermo 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Although there is an increasing interest in defining the role of DNA damage response mechanisms in cell reprogramming, the relevance of proteins participating in nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), a major mechanism of DNA double-strand breaks repair, in this process remains to be investigated. Herein, we present data related to the reprogramming of primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) from severe combined immunodeficient (Scid) mice defective in DNA-PKcs, a key protein for NHEJ. Reduced numbers of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) colonies were generated from Scid cells using reprogramming lentiviral vectors (LV), being the reprogramming efficiency fourfold to sevenfold lower than that observed in wt cells. Moreover, these Scid iPSC-like clones were prematurely lost or differentiated spontaneously. While the Scid mutation neither reduce the proliferation rate nor the transduction efficacy of fibroblasts transduced with reprogramming LV, both the expression of SA-β-Gal and of P16/INK4a senescence markers were highly increased in Scid versus wt MEFs during the reprogramming process, accounting for the reduced reprogramming efficacy of Scid MEFs. The use of improved Sleeping Beauty transposon/transposase systems allowed us, however, to isolate DNA-PKcs-deficient iPSCs which preserved their parental genotype and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. This new disease-specific iPSC model would be useful to understand the physiological consequences of the DNA-PKcs mutation during development and would help to improve current cell and gene therapy strategies for the disease.
MiR-133b Promotes Neural Plasticity and Functional Recovery After Treatment of Stroke with Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Rats Via Transfer of Exosome-Enriched Extracellular Particles
Authors: Xin Hongqi , Li Yi , Liu Zhongwu , Wang Xinli , Shang Xia , Cui Yisheng , Zhang Zheng Gang , Chopp Michael 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
To test, in vivo, the hypothesis that exosomes from multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) mediate microRNA 133b (miR-133b) transfer which promotes neurological recovery from stroke, we used knockin and knockdown technologies to upregulate or downregulate the miR-133b level in MSCs (miR-133b+MSCs or miR-133b−MSCs) and their corresponding exosomes, respectively. Rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and were treated with naïve MSCs, miR-133b+MSCs, or miR-133b−MSC at 1 day after MCAo. Compared with controls, rats receiving naïve MSC treatment significantly improved functional recovery and exhibited increased axonal plasticity and neurite remodeling in the ischemic boundary zone (IBZ) at day 14 after MCAo. The outcomes were significantly enhanced with miR-133b+MSC treatment, and were significantly decreased with miR-133b−MSC treatment, compared to naïve MSC treatment. The miR-133b level in exosomes collected from the cerebral spinal fluid was significantly increased after miR-133b+MSC treatment, and was significantly decreased after miR-133b−MSC treatment at day 14 after MCAo, compared to naïve MSC treatment. Tagging exosomes with green fluorescent protein demonstrated that exosomes-enriched extracellular particles were released from MSCs and transferred to adjacent astrocytes and neurons. The expression of selective targets for miR-133b, connective tissue growth factor and ras homolog gene family member A, was significantly decreased in the IBZ after miR-133b+MSC treatment, while their expression remained at similar elevated levels after miR-133b−MSC treatment, compared to naïve MSC treatment. Collectively, our data suggest that exosomes from MSCs mediate the miR-133b transfer to astrocytes and neurons, which regulate gene expression, subsequently benefit neurite remodeling and functional recovery after stroke. STEM Cells 2013;31:2737–2746
Maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcome: a cohort study
Authors: Khalil A. , Syngelaki A. , Maiz N. , Zinevich Y. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine the association between maternal age and a wide range of adverse pregnancy outcomes after adjustment for confounding factors in obstetric history and maternal characteristics.MethodsThis was a retrospective study in women with singleton pregnancies attending the first routine hospital visit at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks' gestation. Data on maternal characteristics, and medical and obstetric history were collected and pregnancy outcomes ascertained. Maternal age was studied, both as a continuous and as a categorical variable. Regression analysis was performed to examine the association between maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcome including pre‐eclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm delivery, small‐for‐gestational age (SGA) neonate, large‐for‐gestational age (LGA) neonate, miscarriage, stillbirth and elective and emergency Cesarean section.ResultsThe study population included 76 158 singleton pregnancies with a live fetus at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks. After adjusting for potential maternal and pregnancy confounding variables, advanced maternal age (defined as ≥ 40 years) was associated with increased risk of miscarriage (odds ratio (OR), 2.32 (95% CI, 1.83–2.93); P < 0.001), pre‐eclampsia (OR, 1.49 (95% CI, 1.22–1.82); P < 0.001), GDM (OR, 1.88 (95% CI, 1.55–2.29); P < 0.001), SGA (OR, 1.46 (95% CI, 1.27–1.69); P < 0.001) and Cesarean section (OR, 1.95 (95% CI, 1.77–2.14); P < 0.001), but not with stillbirth, gestational hypertension, spontaneous preterm delivery or LGA.ConclusionsMaternal age should be combined with other maternal characteristics and obstetric history when calculating an individualized adjusted risk for adverse pregnancy complications. Advanced maternal age is a risk factor for miscarriage, pre‐eclampsia, SGA, GDM and Cesarean section, but not for stillbirth, gestational hypertension, spontaneous preterm delivery or LGA. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for MRI: contrast media pharmaceutical company R&D perspective
Authors: Corot Claire , Warlin David 
Published: April 2013

Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles are a relatively large class of contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. According to their biodistribution, distinct classes of SPIO nanoparticles have been investigated for clinical applications either as macrophage imaging agents or blood pool agents. Contrast agents which are pharmaceutics followed the same development rules as therapeutic drugs. Several drawbacks such as clinical development difficulties, organization of market access and imaging technological developments have limited the widespread use of these products. SPIO nanoparticles that are composed of thousands iron atoms providing large T2* effects are particularly suitable for theranostic. Stem cell migration and immune cell trafficking, as well as targeted SPIO nanoparticles for molecular imaging studies are mainly at the stage of proof of concept. A major economic challenge in the development of molecular imaging associated with a therapeutic treatment/procedure is to define innovative business models compatible with the needs of all players taking into account that theranostic solutions are promising to optimize resource allocation and ensure that expensive treatments are prescribed to responding patients. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2013. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1225This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices
Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Regulatory and Policy Issues in Nanomedicine
An Approach to Model the Active Site of Peptidglycine‐α‐hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM)
Authors: Hoppe Tobias , Josephs Patrick , Kempf Natascha , Wölper Christoph , Schindler Siegfried , Neuba Adam , Henkel Gerald 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe copper(I) and copper(II) complexes [Cu((TMGet)2NetSEt)]BPh4 (1·BPh4) and [Cu((TMGet)2NetSEt)Cl]Cl (2·Cl) with (TMGet)2NetSEt = ((Me2N)2C=NCH2CH2)2NCH2CH2SEt were synthesized and structurally characterized as a model system for the copper enzyme PHM, a monooxygenase involved in the activation of peptide hormones and neuropeptides. The reaction of the copper(I) complex 1·BPh4 with dioxygen has been studied using low temperature stopped‐flow methods. However, in contrast to PHM no formation of an end‐on copper superoxido complex could be observed. Instead an equilibrium between a bis‐μ‐oxo and a side‐on peroxide complex was detected spectroscopically.
CsNaC2, CsKC2, CsRbC2 – Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Three New Acetylides
Authors: Liebig Stefan , Paulus Michael , Sternemann Christian , Ruschewitz Uwe 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThree new alkali metal acetylides CsNaC2, CsKC2, and CsRbC2 have been synthesized and characterized by means of synchrotron powder diffraction studies. As a new synthetic approach, the binary alkali metal acetylides were reacted at relatively low temperatures (200 °C). DSC measurements were performed to prove the general usability of this reaction. CsKC2 and CsRbC2 crystallize in a variant of the anti‐PbCl2‐type structure (Pnma, Z = 4), while for CsNaC2 a new structure type (Pbcm, Z = 4) is found.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Bis‐Cyclometalated Rhodium and Iridium Complexes Containing the Glycin­amidato Ligand
Authors: Graf Marion , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Mayer Peter , Beck Wolfgang 
Published: April 2013

AbstractReactions of complexes [{M(μ‐Cl)(ptpy)2}2] (M = Rh, 1; M = Ir, 2; ptpy = 2‐(p‐tolyl)pyridinato) with glycinamide hydrochloride in methanol/dichloromethane in the presence of sodium methylate as the base were investigated. Thus, the new complexes [M(glycinamidato‐N,N′)(ptpy)2] (M = Rh, 3; M = Ir, 4) were obtained. The new chiral compounds were characterized by 2D1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic studies. The molecular structure of compound 4 was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction. Complex 4 crystallized from dichloromethane/methanol/isohexane in the centrosymmetric space group C2/c with the two enantiomers in the unit cell. The emission spectrum of 4 exhibited the new compound as a green emitting complex.
Ethical Debate: The Ethics of Not Performing Extended Lymphadenectomy in Patients With Gastrointestinal Cancer
Authors: Ferreres Alberto R. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe ethical debate about performing—or not—extended lymphadenectomy in patients with a gastrointestinal malignancy is approached in this work. It offers a thorough overview of the ethical principles. Problem‐solving tools are provided to assist in framing the issues and resolving the conflicts.
Fluvial transport of carbon along the river‐to‐ocean continuum and its potential impacts on a brackish water food web in the Iwaki River watershed, northern Japan
Authors: Iwata Tomoya , Suzuki Takao , Togashi Hiroyuki , Koiwa Naoto , Shibata Hideaki , Urabe Jotaro 
Published: April 2013

AbstractRiverine transport of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from land to the ocean is an important carbon flux that influences the carbon budget at the watershed scale. However, the dynamics of DIC in an entire river network has remained unknown, especially in mountainous Japanese watersheds. We examined the effects of watershed land use and geology on the transports of inorganic carbon as well as weathered silica (Si) and calcium (Ca) in the Iwaki River system where agricultural and residential areas have developed in the middle and lower parts of the watershed. The concentration and stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) of DIC showed the longitudinal increase of 13C‐depleted inorganic carbon along the river. As a result, most streams and rivers were supersaturated in dissolved CO2 that will eventually be emitted to the atmosphere. The possible origin of 13C‐depleted carbon is CO2 derived from the decomposition of organic matter in agricultural and urban landscapes, as well as from in‐stream respiration. In addition, agricultural and urban areas, respectively, exported the large amount of dissolved Si and Ca to the rivers, suggesting that CO2 increased by respiration accelerates the chemical weathering of silicate and carbonate materials in soils, river sediments, and/or urban infrastructure. Furthermore, riverine bicarbonate flux is likely to enter shell carbonates of Corbicula japonica, an aragonitic bivalve, in the downstream brackish lake (Lake Jusan). These results revealed that the flux of DIC from the human‐dominated watersheds is a key to understanding the carbon dynamics and food‐web structure along the land‐to‐river‐to‐ocean continuum.
Extension and averaging operators for finite fields
Authors: Koh Doowon , Shen Chun-Yen 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn this paper we study Lp−Lr estimates of both the extension operator and the averaging operator associated with the algebraic variety S = {x ∈ : Q(x) = 0}, where Q(x) is a non-degenerate quadratic form over the finite field with q elements. We show that the Fourier decay estimate on S is good enough to establish the sharp averaging estimates in odd dimensions. In addition, the Fourier decay estimate enables us to simply extend the sharp L2−L4 conical extension result in , due to Mockenhaupt and Tao, to the L2−L2(d+1)/(d−1) estimate in all odd dimensions d ≥ 3. We also establish a sharp estimate of the mapping properties of the average operators in the case when the variety S in even dimensions d ≥ 4 contains a d/2-dimensional subspace.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AND SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS IN IRELAND
Authors: MADDEN DAVID 
Published: April 2013

SummaryThere is now fairly substantial evidence of a socioeconomic gradient in low birth weight for developed countries. The standard summary statistic for this gradient is the concentration index. Using data from the recently published Growing Up in Ireland survey, this paper calculates this index for low birth weight arising from preterm and intrauterine growth retardation. It also carries out a decomposition of this index for the different sources of low birth weight and finds that income inequality appears to be less important for the case of preterm births, while father's education and local environmental conditions appear to be more relevant for intrauterine growth retardation. The application of the standard Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition also indicates that the socioeconomic gradient for low birth weight appears to arise owing to different characteristics between rich and poor, and not because the impact of any given characteristic on low birth weight differs between rich and poor.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN INTELLECTUAL PERFORMANCE PERSIST AT THE LIMITS OF INDIVIDUAL CAPABILITIES
Authors: HOWARD ROBERT W. 
Published: April 2013

SummaryMales predominate at the top in chess, and chess is a useful domain to investigate possible causes of gender differences in high achievement. Opportunity, interest and extent of practice can be controlled for. Organized chess has objective performance measures, extensive longitudinal population-level data and little gatekeeper influence. Previous studies of gender differences in chess performance have not controlled adequately for females on average playing fewer rated games and dropping out at higher rates. The present study did so by examining performance of international chess players at asymptote and over equal numbers of rated games. Males still were very disproportionately represented at the top. Top female players showed signs of having less natural talent for chess than top males, such as taking more rated games to gain the grandmaster title. The hypothesis that males predominate because many more males play chess was tested by comparing gender performance differences in nations with varying percentages of female players. In well-practised participants, gender performance differences stayed constant even when the average national percentage of female international players increased from 4.2% to 32.3%. In Georgia, where women are encouraged strongly to play chess and females constitute nearly 32% of international players, gender performance differences are still sizeable. Males on average may have some innate advantages in developing and exercising chess skill.
The influence of cage farming on infection of the corvine fishPlagioscion squamosissimus(Perciformes: Sciaenidae) with metacercariae ofAustrodiplostomum compactum(Digenea: Diplostomidae) from the Chavantes reservoir, São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Ramos I.P. , Franceschini L. , Zica É.O.P. , Carvalho E.D. , Silva R.J. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe development of cage fish farms has been associated with an increase in parasitic diseases. Organic matter resulting from feed waste and faeces attracts animals such as birds and invertebrates that can act as hosts for parasites. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of cage farming onAustrodiplostomum compactummetacercariae infections ofPlagioscion squamosissimuscollected close to a cage farm in the Chavantes reservoir (Paranapanema River). Thirty-seven fish were collected in an area close to cages (CF), and 28 in an area not influenced by cages (CT). All specimens were weighed, measured and the eyes removed for morphological analyses of metacercariae. The prevalence, mean intensity of infection, mean abundance and condition factor were calculated. The prevalence (CF = 86.4%, CT = 57.1%), mean infection intensity (CF = 20.31 ± 1.13, CT = 4.29 ± 7.14) and mean abundance (CF = 17.70 ± 6.27, CT = 2.35 ± 0.77) were higher in the CF (P< 0.05) group. There were no significant correlations (P> 0.05) between the mean abundance and standard length or the total weight and condition factor in either group (P> 0.05). Fish farms may interfere with the life cycle ofA. compactum, leading to more infections withP. squamosissimus. This could be due to an increase in the number of host animals that are attracted by the availability of food resources derived from fish farms.
Satire and the law: the case of Horace
Authors: McGinn Thomas A. J. 
Published: April 2013

The idea of examining law as a cultural phenomenon seems surprisingly underappreciated – especially by legal scholars. Black-letter law, sociology of law,Eigentum und Besitz, law and life, life and law (which of you imitates the other?), all rank among the usual suspects in professional discourse, to the evident exclusion of law as culture. This is of course potentially a broad topic, even if we limit it to the assumptions or assertions about law found in literary discourse, an area of study that naturally requires no small degree of non-legal expertise. That may be the difficulty. A few exceptions, whom I admire and hope to emulate – for their ambitious, pioneering spirit, have spied an opportunity here. Perhaps the best-known example of this approach is John Crook, who writes:… legal talk and terminology seem rather more frequent and more at home in Roman literature than in ours. Legal terms of art could be used for literary metaphor, could be the foundation of stage jokes or furnish analogy in philosophical discussion. And a corollary of this is that many a passage of Latinbelles lettresneeds a knowledge of the law for its comprehension.Crook, disappointingly, lets it go at that, failing to fulfil the promise of boundless opportunity expressed in the last sentence.
Two notes on Horace and Juvenal
Authors: Trappes-Lomax John 
Published: April 2013

Such is the reading of the MSS, but it has never given universal satisfaction. Erasmus, becausepraeponerewith accusative and dative regularly means ‘to prefer one thing to another’, suggestedundique decerptae frondi praeponere olivam, meaning to prefer the olive, as symbol of Athens, to the leaf plucked from everywhere else. Howeverundiqueis still a problem, as it means ‘from everywhere’ not ‘from everywhere else’; furthermore modern editors hold that Bentley (ad loc.) justifies the use ofpraeponereas meaning ‘to place prominently upon’.One might suggest the following as a useful methodological principle: textual corruption should be suspected in any passage which has been explained by a sufficient number of scholars in ways which are incompatible with one another and which could never have occurred to any ordinary reader. This principle can be illustrated by the extraordinarily diverse and recondite explanations given here forundique; thus Bentley interprets it asex eo argumento undiquaque exhausto; R. G. M. Nisbet and Margaret Hubbard report and reject such suggestions of others as ‘from every quarter of Attic soil’, ‘from every source in Attic legend’, ‘from every other poet's [brow]’ and ‘by everyone’; they themselves suggest ‘from anywhere and everywhere’, and support this with a reference toOdes1.16.14, where in factundiquehas its proper meaning of ‘from everywhere’, i.e. from each of the animals already created; Kenneth Quinn sees an ‘ironic ambiguity’ between ‘the ubiquitous olive’ and the ‘olive picked by all’; David West accepts ‘from anywhere and everywhere’, and interprets it as ‘meaning that their writings are derivative, being made up of imitations culled from the whole body of Greek poetry’ – but only a minute part of ‘the whole body of Greek poetry’ would have provided relevant material.
Greek epic: a Near Eastern genre?
Authors: Haubold Johannes 
Published: April 2013

This article addresses a problem that is rapidly advancing to the status of a new Homeric question: the relationship between Greek epic and the narrative traditions of neighbouring Near Eastern cultures. The present situation recalls the debates that raged over the issue of oral poetry not so long ago. The formula used to be the central object of contention, now it is the ‘Near Eastern parallel’. Today there are so many parallels on record that it is hard to keep track. Yet, as with the formula, the number of known parallels seems to bear little relation to their usefulness. Now as then, problems of the most basic kind abound. What, for a start,isa Near Eastern parallel? And why should we care if someone pointed one out to us? Questions such as these are only just beginning to be asked in earnest.As with the oral-traditional hypothesis, the Near Eastern hypothesis concerns the whole of Greek literature. But the problem has crystallised around epic, and so it is epic that concerns me here. In the first part of my paper, I sketch out briefly what I see as some of the parameters of the present impasse. In the second half, I suggest a framework for future study that enables us to see what we have come to call ‘Greek epic’ as one regional offshoot of the broader Near Eastern genre of cosmic history. In order to illustrate my claim, I look at one of the more notorious parallels between Greek and Near Eastern literatures: the problem of mortality as developed in theIliadand thePoem of Gilgamesh. I argue that the full implications of the issue are better understood within the overall framework proposed in this article.