bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of genetic variants of membrane receptors related to recognition and induction of immune response with Helicobacter pylori infection in Ecuadorian individuals
Authors: Cabrera‐Andrade A. , López‐Cortés A. , Muñoz M. J. , Jaramillo‐Koupermann G. , Rodriguez O. , Leone P. E. , Paz‐y‐Miño C. 
Published: April 2014

SummaryHelicobacter pylori (Hp) has a worldwide distribution showing its higher prevalence of infection in developing countries. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and C‐type lectin receptors (CLRs) are proteins that recognize pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and initiate an innate immune response by promoting growth and differentiation of specialized hematopoietic cells for host defense. Gastric infections led by Hp induce a Th‐1 cellular immune response, regulated mainly by the expression of IFN‐γ. In this retrospective case‐control study, we evaluated the TLR1 1805T/G, TLR2 2029C/T, TLR4 896A/G, CD209 ‐336A/G and IFNGR1 ‐56C/T polymorphisms and their relationship with susceptibility to Hp infection. TLR1 1805T/G showed statistical differences when the control (Hp‐) and infected (Hp+) groups (P = 0.041*) were compared; the TLR1 1805G allele had a protective effect towards infection (OR = 0.1; 95% CI = 0.01‐0.88, P = 0.033*). Similarly, the IFNGR1 ‐56C/T polymorphism showed statistical differences between Hp+ and Hp– (P = 0.018*), and the IFNGR1 ‐56TT genotype exhibited significant risk to Hp infection (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.27‐6.54, P = 0.018*). In conclusion, the pro‐inflammatory TLR1 1805T and IFNGR1 ‐56T alleles are related with susceptibility to Hp infection in Ecuadorian individuals. The presence of these polymorphisms in individuals with chronic infection increases the risk of cellular damage and diminishes the cellular immune response efficiency towards colonizing agents.
A fast beam orientation optimization method that enforces geometric constraints in IMRT for total marrow irradiation
Authors: Lee Chieh‐Hsiu Jason , Aleman Dionne M. , Sharpe Michael B. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe beam orientation optimization (BOO) problem for intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is the selection of beams for radiation delivery. Conventionally, it is desirable for beams to be spatially separated to ensure a homogeneous dose. However, many BOO approaches yield clustered beams. This issue is especially prevalent for total marrow irradiation (TMI), where the target is very large and spread throughout the patient's body. Based on previous set‐cover formulations of the BOO problem for TMI‐IMRT, we propose an extension that enforces geometric beam constraints by iteratively removing beams violating geometric constraints within the set‐cover framework. After beams are selected, they are used as input to a fluence map optimization solver to obtain optimal fluence maps. Results for a clinical TMI case meet clinical guidelines for target coverage and differentiation of organ and target doses.
Catheter Ablation Related Mitral Valve Injury: The Importance of Early Recognition and Rescue Mitral Valve Repair
Authors: DESIMONE CHRISTOPHER V. , HU TIFFANY , EBRILLE ELISA , SYED FAISAL F. , VAIDYA VAIBHAV R. , CHA YONG‐MEI , VALVERDE ARTURO M. , FRIEDMAN PAUL A. , SURI RAKESH M. , ASIRVATHAM SAMUEL J. 
Published: April 2014

Mitral Valve Injury with Catheter AblationIntroductionAn increasing number of catheter ablations involve the mitral annular region and valve apparatus, increasing the risk of catheter interaction with the mitral valve (MV) complex. We review our experience with catheter ablation‐related MV injury resulting in severe mitral regurgitation (MR) to delineate mechanisms of injury and outcomes.MethodsWe searched the Mayo Clinic MV surgical database over a 19‐year period (1993–2012) and the electrophysiologic procedures database over a 23‐year period (1990–2013) and identified 9 patients with catheter ablation related MV injury requiring clinical intervention.ResultsIndications for ablation included atrial fibrillation (AF) [n = 4], ventricular tachycardia (VT) [n = 3], and left‐sided accessory pathways [n = 2]. In all 4 AF patients, a circular mapping catheter entrapped in the MV apparatus was responsible for severe MR. In all 3 VT patients, radiofrequency energy delivery led to direct injury to the MV apparatus. In the 2 patients with accessory pathways, both mechanisms were involved (1 per patient). Six patients required surgical intervention (5 MV repair, 1 catheter removal). One patient developed severe functional MR upon successful endovascular catheter disentanglement that improved spontaneously. Two VT patients with persistent severe postablation MR were managed nonsurgically, 1 of whom died 3 months postprocedure.ConclusionCircular mapping catheter entrapment and ablation at the mitral annulus are the most common etiologies of MV injury during catheter ablation. Close surveillance of the MV is needed during such procedures and early surgical repair is important for successful salvage if significant injury occurs.
Electroanatomic Mapping and Late Gadolinium Enhancement MRI in a Genetic Model of Arrhythmogenic Atrial Cardiomyopathy
Authors: DISERTORI MARCELLO , MASÈ MICHELA , MARINI MASSIMILIANO , MAZZOLA SILVIA , CRISTOFORETTI ALESSANDRO , DEL GRECO MAURIZIO , KOTTKAMP HANS , ARBUSTINI ELOISA , RAVELLI FLAVIA 
Published: April 2014

Evaluation of the Substrate in Genetic Atrial ArrhythmiasIntroductionAlthough atrial arrhythmias may have genetic causes, very few data are available on evaluation of the arrhythmic substrate in genetic atrial diseases in humans. In this study, we evaluate the nature and evolution of the atrial arrhythmic substrate in a genetic atrial cardiomyopathy.Methods and ResultsRepeated electroanatomic mapping and tomographic evaluations were used to investigate the evolving arrhythmic substrate in 5 patients with isolated arrhythmogenic atrial cardiomyopathy, caused by Natriuretic Peptide Precursor A (NPPA) gene mutation. Atrial fibrosis was assessed using late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (LGE‐MRI). The substrate of atrial tachycardia (AT) and atrial fibrillation (AF) was biatrial dilatation with patchy areas of low voltage and atrial wall scarring (in the right atrium: 68.5% ± 6.0% and 22.2% ± 10.2%, respectively). The evolution of the arrhythmic patterns to sinus node disease with atrial standstill (AS) was associated with giant atria with extensive low voltage and atrial scarring areas (in the right atrium: 99.5% ± 0.7% and 57.5% ± 33.2%, respectively). LGE‐MRI‐proven biatrial fibrosis (Utah stage IV) was associated with AS. Atrial conduction was slow and heterogeneous, with lines of conduction blocks. The progressive extension and spatial distribution of the scarring/fibrosis were strictly associated with the different types of arrhythmias.ConclusionThe evolution of the amount and distribution of atrial scarring/fibrosis constitutes the structural substrate for the different types of atrial arrhythmias in a pure genetic model of arrhythmogenic atrial cardiomyopathy.
Sensitivity and Specificity of Substrate Mapping: An In Silico Framework for the Evaluation of Electroanatomical Substrate Mapping Strategies
Authors: BLAUER JOSHUA J.E. , SWENSON DARRELL , HIGUCHI KOJI , PLANK GERNOT , RANJAN RAVI , MARROUCHE NASSIR , MACLEOD ROB S. 
Published: April 2014

Geometric Factors in Voltage MappingBackgroundVoltage mapping is an important tool for characterizing proarrhythmic electrophysiological substrate, yet it is subject to geometric factors that influence bipolar amplitudes and thus compromise performance. The aim of this study was to characterize the impact of catheter orientation on the ability of bipolar amplitudes to accurately discriminate between healthy and diseased tissues.Methods and ResultsWe constructed a 3‐dimensional, in silico, bidomain model of cardiac tissue containing transmural lesions of varying diameter. A planar excitation wave was stimulated and electrograms were sampled with a realistic catheter model at multiple positions and orientations. We carried out validation studies in animal experiments of acute ablation lesions mapped with a clinical mapping system. Bipolar electrograms sampled at higher inclination angles of the catheter with respect to the tissue demonstrated improvements in both sensitivity and specificity of lesion detection. Removing low‐voltage electrograms with concurrent activation of both electrodes, suggesting false attenuation of the bipolar electrogram due to alignment with the excitation wavefront, had little effect on the accuracy of voltage mapping.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate possible mechanisms for the impact of catheter orientation on voltage mapping accuracy. Moreover, results from our simulations suggest that mapping accuracy may be improved by selectively controlling the inclination of the catheter to record at higher angles with respect to the tissue.
Incomplete Cure of Tachycardia‐Induced Cardiomyopathy Secondary to Rapid Atrial Fibrillation by Heart Rate Control Without Sinus Conversion
Authors: SAIRAKU AKINORI , NAKANO YUKIKO , ODA NOBORU , UCHIMURA YUKO , TOKUYAMA TAKEHITO , KAWAZOE HIROSHI , FUJIWARA MAI , WATANABE YOSHIKAZU , MATSUMURA HIROYA , KIHARA YASUKI 
Published: April 2014

Incomplete Cure of TIC with Rate ControlBackgroundIt is uncertain whether rate or rhythm control is more favorable for patients experiencing tachycardia‐induced cardiomyopathy (TIC) secondary to rapid atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods and ResultsWe compared the electrophysiological and hemodynamic properties and outcome after AF ablation in 20 patients with a history of decompensated TIC who maintained sinus rhythm or had paroxysmal AF (group 1), 32 with a history of decompensated TIC who had persistent or longstanding persistent AF (group 2), 377 without TIC who had paroxysmal AF (group 3), and 225 without TIC who had persistent or longstanding persistent AF (group 4). The corrected sinus node recovery time was more prolonged in group 2 than in groups 1, 3, or 4 (1,066 ± 946 vs. 416 ± 188, 450 ± 322 and 590 ± 329 milliseconds; P < 0.001, respectively). The mean left atrial pressure in group 2 was greater than that in groups 1, 3, or 4 (13.9 ± 6.5 vs. 7.5 ± 3.1, 8.2 ± 4.1 and 10.8 ± 4.2 mmHg; P < 0.001, respectively). The left ventricular ejection fraction assessed after the recovery from the decompensation was more decreased in group 2 than in group 1; however, it almost returned to normal if sinus rhythm was maintained after the AF ablation in group 2. The presence of a history of TIC did not predict an AF recurrence after the ablation.ConclusionsHeart rate control during AF without sinus conversion may result in an incomplete cure of TIC, suggesting the advantages of rhythm control with ablation in patients with TIC.
Grape seed pro‐anthocyanidins ameliorates radiation‐induced lung injury
Authors: Huang Yijuan , Liu Wen , Liu Hu , Yang Yanyong , Cui Jianguo , Zhang Pei , Zhao Hainan , He Feng , Cheng Ying , Ni Jin , Cai Jianming , Li Bailong , Gao Fu 
Published: April 2014

AbstractRadiation‐induced lung injury (RILI) is a potentially fatal and dose‐limiting complication of thoracic radiotherapy. This study was to investigate the protective effects of grape seed pro‐anthocyanidins (GSPs), an efficient antioxidant and anti‐carcinogenic agent, on RILI. In our study, it was demonstrated that acute and late RILI was ameliorated after GSPs treatment possibly through suppressing TGF‐β1/Smad3/Snail signalling pathway and modulating the levels of cytokines (interferon‐γ, IL‐4 and IL‐13) derived from Th1/Th2 cells. In addition, a sustained high level of PGE2 was also maintained by GSPs treatment to limited fibroblast functions. As shown by electron spin resonance spectrometry, GSPs could scavenge hydroxyl radical (•OH) in a dose‐dependent manner, which might account for the mitigation of lipid peroxidation and consequent apoptosis of lung cells. In vitro, GSPs radiosensitized lung cancer cell A549 while mitigating radiation injury on normal alveolar epithelial cell RLE‐6TN. In conclusion, the results showed that GSPs protects mice from RILI through scavenging free radicals and modulating RILI‐associated cytokines, suggesting GSPs as a novel protective agent in RILI.
let‐7e replacement yields potent anti‐arrhythmic efficacy via targeting beta 1‐adrenergic receptor in rat heart
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Baoqiu , Cui Hairong , Du Yue , Song Yang , Yang Lei , Zhang Qi , Sun Fei , Luo Dan , Xu Chaoqian , Chu Wenfeng , Lu Yanjie , Yang Baofeng 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBeta‐adrenoceptor (β‐AR) exerts critical regulation of cardiac function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potentially involved in a variety of biological and pathological processes. This study aimed to investigate the role of miRNA let‐7e in the up‐regulation of β1‐AR and arrhythmogenesis in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats. β1‐AR expression was significantly up‐regulated and let‐7a, c, d, e and i were markedly down‐regulated in the infarcted heart after 6 and 24 hrs myocardial infarction. Forced expression of let‐7e suppressed β1‐AR expression at the protein level, without affecting β1‐AR mRNA level, in neonatal rat ventricular cells (NRVCs). Silencing of let‐7e by let‐7e antisense inhibitor (AMO‐let‐7e) enhanced β1‐AR expression at the protein level in NRVCs. Administration of the lentivirus vector containing precursor let‐7e (len‐pre‐let‐7e) significantly inhibited β1‐AR expression in rats, whereas len‐AMO‐let‐7e up‐regulated β1‐AR relative to the baseline control level, presumably as a result of depression of tonic inhibition of β1‐AR by endogenous let‐7e. Len‐negative control (len‐NC) did not produce significant influence on β1‐AR expression. Len‐pre‐let‐7e also profoundly reduced the up‐regulation of β1‐AR induced by AMI and this effect was abolished by len‐AMO‐let‐7e. Importantly, len‐pre‐let‐7e application significantly reduced arrhythmia incidence after AMI in rats and its anti‐arrhythmic effect was cancelled by len‐AMO‐let‐7e. Notably, anti‐arrhythmic efficacy of len‐pre‐let‐7e was similar to propranolol, a non‐selective β‐AR blocker and metoprolol, a selective β1‐AR blocker. Down‐regulation of let‐7e contributes to the adverse increase in β1‐AR expression in AMI and let‐7e supplement may be a new therapeutic approach for preventing adverse β1‐AR up‐regulation and treating AMI‐induced arrhythmia.
A novel TLR2‐triggered signalling crosstalk synergistically intensifies TNF‐mediated IL‐6 induction
Authors: Chang Yu‐Ling , Chen Tzu‐Hui , Wu Yi‐Hsiu , Chen Guann‐An , Weng Tzu‐Huei , Tseng Ping‐Hui , Hsieh Shie‐Liang , Fu Shu‐Ling , Lin Chi‐Hung , Chen Chun‐Jen , Chu Ching‐Liang , Chio Iok In Christine , Mak Tak Wah , Chen Nien‐Jung 
Published: April 2014

AbstractToll‐like receptors (TLR) recognize pathogens and trigger the production of vigorous pro‐inflammatory cytokines [such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)] that induce systemic damages associated with sepsis and chronic inflammation. Cooperation between signals of TLR and TNF receptor has been demonstrated through the participation of TNF receptor 1 (TNFR) adaptors in endotoxin tolerance. Here, we identify a TLR2‐mediated synergy, through a MyD88‐independent crosstalk, which enhances subsequent TNF‐mediated nuclear factor‐kappa B activation and interleukin‐6 induction. Membrane‐associated adaptor MAL conduces the link between TNF receptor‐associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and TNFR‐associated death domain, leading to a distinctive K63‐ubiquitinylated TRAF6 recruitment into TNFR complex. In summary, our results reveal a novel route of TLR signal that synergistically amplifies TNF‐mediated responses, indicating an innovative target for inflammation manipulation.
Oestrogen‐induced angiogenesis promotes adenomyosis by activating the Slug‐VEGF axis in endometrial epithelial cells
Authors: Huang Tze‐Sing , Chen Yi‐Jen , Chou Teh‐Ying , Chen Chih‐Yao , Li Hsin‐Yang , Huang Ben‐Shian , Tsai Hsiao‐Wen , Lan Hsin‐Yi , Chang Cheng‐Hsuan , Twu Nae‐Fang , Yen Ming‐Shyen , Wang Peng‐Hui , Chao Kuan‐Chong , Lee Chun‐Chung , Yang Muh‐Hwa 
Published: April 2014

AbstractAdenomyosis is an oestrogen‐dependent disease characterized by the invasion of endometrial epithelial cells into the myometrium of uterus, and angiogenesis is thought to be required for the implantation of endometrial glandular tissues during the adenomyotic pathogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate that compared with eutopic endometria, adenomyotic lesions exhibited increased vascularity as detected by sonography. Microscopically, the lesions also exhibited an oestrogen‐associated elevation of microvascular density and VEGF expression in endometrial epithelial cells. We previously reported that oestrogen‐induced Slug expression was critical for endometrial epithelial–mesenchymal transition and development of adenomyosis. Our present studies demonstrated that estradiol (E2) elicited a Slug‐VEGF axis in endometrial epithelial cells, and also induced pro‐angiogenic activity in vascular endothelial cells. The antagonizing agents against E2 or VEGF suppressed endothelial cells migration and tubal formation. Animal experiments furthermore confirmed that blockage of E2 or VEGF was efficient to attenuate the implantation of adenomyotic lesions. These results highlight the importance of oestrogen‐induced angiogenesis in adenomyosis development and provide a potential strategy for treating adenomyosis through intercepting the E2‐Slug‐VEGF pathway.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in Korea, 2013 revised edition
Authors: Kim Sang Gyun , Jung Hye‐Kyung , Lee Hang Lak , Jang Jae Young , Lee Hyuk , Kim Chan Gyoo , Shin Woon Geon , Shin Ein Soon , Lee Yong Chan ,   Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research first developed guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in 1998, and revised guidelines were proposed in 2009 by the same group. Although the revised guidelines were based on a comprehensive review of published articles and the consensus of expert opinions, the revised guidelines were not developed using an evidence‐based process. The new guidelines presented in this study include specific changes regarding indication and treatment of H. pylori infection in Korea, and were developed through the adaptation process using an evidence‐based approach. After systematic review of the literature, six guidelines were selected using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II process. A total of 21 statements were proposed with the grading system and revised using the modified Delphi method. After the guideline revisions, 11 statements about indication of test and treatment, four statements about diagnosis, and four statements about treatment of H. pylori infection were developed. The revised guidelines were reviewed by external experts before receiving official endorsement from the Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research, and disseminated to physicians and other medical professionals for use in clinical practice in Korea. The guidelines will continue to be updated and revised periodically.
Adverse health in parents of children with disabilities and chronic health conditions: a meta‐analysis using theParentingStressIndex'sHealthSub‐domain
Authors: Miodrag N. , Burke M. , Tanner‐Smith E. , Hodapp R. M. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundCompared with parents of same‐aged children without disabilities, parents of children with disabilities and with chronic health conditions (CHC) show higher levels of stress and depression. Fewer studies, however, examine the physical health of these parents, and studies report mixed findings. Many studies, however, report mother's self‐reported health using theHealthSub‐domain ofAbidin'sParentingStressIndex (PSI). We therefore conducted a meta‐analysis comparing the physical health of parents of children with developmental disabilities (DD) andCHCvs. parents of children withoutDD/CHCin studies utilising this measure.MethodsEligible studies used the long form of thePSIand reported results from the 5‐itemHealth sub‐domain. Group comparison effect sizes were synthesised in a meta‐analysis, and we also examined the potential relations of child, parent, and study characteristics. Our search yielded 19 eligible studies.ResultsCompared with parents of children withoutDD/CHC, parents of children withDD/CHCreported higherPSIhealth problem scores, with a weighted mean effect size of 0.39 (95% CI = 0.23–0.55). Effect sizes ranged from −0.13 to 1.46 and there was evidence of heterogeneity in the effect sizes (τ2 = 0.07;Q18 = 48.64,P < 0.01;I2 = 63.0%). Studies with higher numbers of reporting quality indicators generally reported larger effects and more recent studies showed smaller effects. Although several child and parent characteristics were moderately associated with effect sizes, none reached statistical significance.ConclusionsPractitioners should be alerted to the need for health prevention and treatment in this at‐risk parent group.
Evaluation of hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of the sponge Jaspis diastra collected from Mauritius Waters on HeLa cells
Authors: Beedessee Girish , Ramanjooloo Avin , Tiscornia Inés , Cresteil Thierry , Raghothama Srinivasarao , Arya Deepak , Rao Shashanka , Gowd Konkallu Hanumae , Bollati-Fogolin Mariela , Marie Daniel E P 
Published: April 2014

Abstract

Objectives
Based on previous screening results, the cytotoxic effect of the hexane (JDH) and ethyl acetate extracts (JDE) of the marine sponge Jaspis diastra were evaluated on HeLa cells and the present study aimed at determining their possible mechanism of cell death.

Methods
Nuclear staining, membrane potential change, flow cytometry analysis of cell cycle distribution and annexin V staining were undertaken to investigate the effects of JDE and JDH. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance were used to characterize an isolated bioactive molecule.

Key findings
JDE displayed an IC50 25 times more significant than the JDH. Flow cytometry analysis revealed JDE induced apoptosis in HeLa cells accompanied by the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential. Fractionation of JDE resulted in the isolation of the known cytotoxic cyclodepsipeptide, Jaspamide.

Conclusions
Taking our results together suggest that JDE can be valuable for the development of anticancer drugs, especially for cervical cancer. Further investigations are currently in progress with the aim to determine and isolate other bioactive compounds from this extract.
Life history of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in Scottish (UK) waters
Authors: Learmonth Jennifer A. , Murphy Sinead , Luque Patricia L. , Reid Robert J. , Patterson I. Anthony P. , Brownlow Andrew , Ross Harry M. , Barley Jason P. , Begoña Santos M. , Pierce Graham J. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractLife history parameters were determined for stranded and bycaught harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from Scottish (UK) waters (1992–2005). Fetal growth rate was 84.4 mm/mo and mean size at birth was 76.4 cm (range 65–88 cm). Males and females had a similar range of body lengths (65–170 cm and 66–173 cm, respectively), although asymptotic lengths were higher in females than males (approximately 158 cm and 147 cm, respectively). Nonpregnant females were significantly lighter, in relation to their length than males. Maximum estimated age was 20 yr for both sexes. Age at sexual maturity (ASM) was estimated as 4.35 yr in females and 5.00 yr in males. Conception occurred mainly in July and August although reproductively active males were recorded during April to July. Gestation lasted 10–11 mo, with calving mainly between May and July. Lactating females were recorded during June to November, while small calves with solid food in their stomachs were found mainly during February to May. Estimated pregnancy rate (0.34–0.40) is lower than recorded elsewhere, but is likely underestimated due to the prevalence of mature females of poor health status in the sample. Nevertheless, cetacean strandings can be an essential source of data on demographic parameters.