bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smart adaptive technologies for intelligent transportation systems (ITS): efficient design through BIM integration
Authors: Kuol Abraham , Gharehbaghi Koorosh , Farnes Ken , Tee Kong Fah , McManus Kerry 
Published: July 2024

PurposeWhile efficient design in engineering projects is crucial, this paper aims to examine the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) into railway Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The paper provides some key understanding of integrating BIM and ITS to improve the efficiency of railway infrastructure projects.Design/methodology/approachAn in-depth qualitative analysis of three ITS case studies was conducted to understand BIM’s global impact and benefits in railway infrastructure projects. While case study one investigated the Crossrail (UK), the other two case studies were TUC Rail (Belgium) and the Intercity railway network (Norway).FindingsThe findings include the specific benefits of BIM, regarding the railway infrastructure. The result indicated that BIM benefits were consistently the same across all case studies. Although Case study 1 was the only one that boasts a high reduction in waste and reworks, all of the case studies showed less rework and delays due to BIM. The results indicated that the advantages of BIM for such projects are cost optimization, reduction in waste, rework and lessening delays. Subsequently, this leads to the ease and efficiency with which structures and railways can be built. The outcomes can ultimately assist transportation planners in better planning and managing railway projects.Practical implicationsThis study proposes the integration of BIM into railway projects as a part of their ITS. The BIM integration into railway projects as a part of their ITS fits within the overall planning to handover phases. Specifically, the BIM integration improves the design process of typical railway projects. Thus, the most significant advantage of BIM for railway projects is to further improve their design process leading to a higher degree of constructability.Originality/valueRailway infrastructure performs a major role in economic and regional development. The complexity of railway projects continues to increase as the need for more railway infrastructure is on the rise globally. BIM is proving to be an effective tool for improving the efficiency of railway infrastructure projects. As the utilization of BIM is intensifying, the railway industry can further exploit BIM to improve project delivery adeptness by offering greater collaboration leading to efficient design processes. As a result, the understanding of BIM for horizontal projects such as railway infrastructure on a global scale is a substantial exercise that this research aims to respond to.
Cross‐sectional study using the University of California, Los Angeles, Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Gastrointestinal Tract Instrument 2.0 (UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0) for gastrointestinal disorders of systemic sclerosis
Authors: Hisada Satoko , Takeuchi Saki , Tozawa Takahisa , Yamada Yoshihiro , Ito Yumi , Kodera Masanari 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to identify severe gastrointestinal ailments in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), investigate the role of antibodies in gastrointestinal disorders, and explore the relationship between limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) and diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) in terms of gastrointestinal involvement and its association with skin stiffness. We used the University of California, Los Angeles, Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Gastrointestinal Tract Instrument 2.0 (UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0) questionnaire to assess gastrointestinal disturbances in 100 patients with SSc. Gastrointestinal impairment was categorized into three levels: absence of or minor symptoms, moderate symptoms, and severe symptoms, as indicated by the total gastrointestinal tract (GIT) score. Comparing 27 patients with dcSSc and 73 patients with lcSSc, severe gastrointestinal disturbances were found in 7.4% of patients with dcSSc and 4.1% of patients with lcSSc. A total of 18.0% of anticentromere antibody (ACA)–positive patients exhibited moderate to severe symptoms, while 9.1% of antitopoisomerase 1 antibody–positive patients displayed similar symptoms. The average disease duration in patients with severe symptoms was 15.0 years, in those with moderate symptoms was 10.3 years, and in those who were symptom‐free or mildly affected was 8.5 years. Among 16 patients with moderate to severe gastrointestinal disorders, a positive correlation was observed between the modified Rodnan skin thickness score (mRSS) and total GIT score. In addition, a positive correlation was identified between fecal incontinence and mRSS, with weaker correlations for reflux and bloating symptoms. Patients with gastrointestinal disorders showed a tendency to worsen over time, particularly in ACA‐positive patients with dcSSc. Furthermore, a correlation was observed between mRSS and fecal incontinence, reflux, and abdominal bloating in patients with moderate to severe gastrointestinal disturbances.
Testing the information centre hypothesis in a multilevel society
Authors: Papageorgiou Danai , Cherono Wismer , Gall Gabriella , Nyaguthii Brendah , Farine Damien R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In various animal species conspecifics aggregate at sleeping sites. Such aggregations can act as information centres where individuals acquire up‐to‐date knowledge about their environment. In some species, communal sleeping sites comprise individuals from multiple groups, where each group maintains stable membership over time.

We used GPS tracking to simultaneously record group movement in a population of wild vulturine guineafowl (Acryllium vulturinum) to investigate whether communal sleeping sites can facilitate the transfer of information among individuals across distinct groups. These birds live in large and stable groups that move both together and apart, often forming communal roosts containing up to five groups.

We first test whether roosts provide the opportunity for individuals to acquire information from members of other groups by examining the spatial organization at roosts. The GPS data reveal that groups intermix, thereby providing an opportunity for individuals to acquire out‐group information.

We next conduct a field experiment to test whether naïve groups can locate novel food patches when co‐roosting with knowledgeable groups. We find that co‐roosting substantially increases the chances for the members of a naïve group to discover a patch known to individuals from other groups at the shared roost. Further, we find that the discovery of food patches by naïve groups subsequently shapes their space use and inter‐group associations. We also draw on our long‐term tracking to provide examples that demonstrate natural cases where communal roosting has preceded large‐scale multi‐group collective movements that extend into areas beyond the groups' normal ranges.

Our findings support the extension of the information centre hypothesis to communal sleeping sites that consist of distinct social groups.
Influence of agricultural intensification on pollinator pesticide exposure, food acquisition and diversity
Authors: Shi Xiaoyu , Ma Changsheng , de Kraker Joop , Gong Shanxing , Hodgson Jenny A. , Luo Shudong , van der Steen Jozef J. M. , Xiao Haijun , Wang Fang , Tie Xiaowei , Chen Zheng , Zou Yi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Pollinators are essential for maintaining sustainable crop production, while the decline of pollinators is a widespread concern. Agricultural intensification is one of the primary drivers of the decline of insect pollinators. Agricultural intensification usually involves a decreasing of non‐crop semi‐natural habitat and an increasing of pesticide exposure for pollinators. However, causal links between agricultural intensification, increased pesticide exposure, and reduced pollinator's food sources and pollinator diversity remain underexplored.

We assessed pollinator diversity across a landscape gradient where the proportion of rice ranged from 11% to 85% in South China. We placed honeybee (Apis mellifera) and mason bee (Osmia excavata) in these landscapes and investigated pesticide exposure in honeybee foragers and pollen, and in mason bee pollen and nesting materials. We also assessed the acquisition of food by mason bees.

We found a higher frequency of pesticide detection in honeybee foragers and honeybee pollen samples in areas with a higher proportion of rice fields. There was a strong positive relationship between mason bee food acquisition and the proportion of semi‐natural habitats, while no significant effects of pesticide exposure on pollinator diversity were found in addition to the effect of semi‐natural habitat.

Synthesis and applications: Our results suggest that pollinator communities could be at an increased risk of pesticide exposure due to intensified agriculture, while the negative impact on pollinator diversity mainly results from the loss of habitat and/or reduced food sources. This study highlights the importance of conserving semi‐natural habitat to mitigate the causes of decline in pollinator diversity. We also recommend long‐term, multi‐year studies to further understand the mechanisms behind the loss of pollinators in farming landscapes.
Why are plant communities stable? Disentangling the role of dominance, asynchrony and averaging effect following realistic species loss scenario
Authors: Lisner Aleš , Segrestin Jules , Konečná Marie , Blažek Petr , Janíková Eva , Applová Markéta , Švancárová Tereza , Lepš Jan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A growing number of studies have demonstrated that biodiversity is a strong and positive predictor of ecosystem temporal stability by simultaneously affecting multiple underlying mechanisms of stability, that is dominance, asynchrony and averaging effects. However, to date, no study has disentangled the relative role of these key mechanisms of stability in biodiversity experiments.

We created a species richness gradient by mimicking a loss of rare species and assessed the role of species richness on community stability and, more importantly, quantified the relative role of three stabilizing mechanisms, that is dominance (stabilization due to stable dominants compared to the rest of the species in the community), asynchrony (stabilization due to temporal asynchrony between species), and averaging effects (pure effect of diversity) on community stability across a species richness gradient.

We found that extreme species loss negatively impacted community stability, but just three species were enough to stabilize biomass production to a level similar to highly diverse communities. However, the similar stability of communities resulted from differing contributions from each stabilizing mechanism, depending on the community diversity. Since less abundant species were more temporally variable, species loss stabilized the populations of the remaining species. The loss of rare and subordinate species reduced the dominance and averaging effects, but increased the asynchrony effect. Hence, the asynchrony effect played a major role in the stability of species poor communities, while the averaging effect drove most of the stability of species rich communities. Overall, dominance played only a minor role, accounting for 5%–15% of the stabilization, while asynchrony and averaging effects were dominating forces contributing to ~85%–95% of the total stabilization.

Synthesis. This study highlights the importance of biodiversity and roles of dominant and rare species for long‐term community stability and, for the first time, disentangles relative roles of dominance effect, asynchrony and averaging effect on community stability in a real‐world biodiversity experiment.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal communities respond to nutrient enrichment and plant invasion in phosphorus‐limited eucalypt woodlands
Authors: Albornoz Felipe E. , Prober Suzanne M. , Bissett Andrew , Tibbett Mark , Standish Rachel J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) facilitate ecosystem functioning through provision of plant hosts with phosphorus (P), especially where soil P is limiting. Changes in soil nutrient regimes are expected to impact AMF, but the direction of the impact may depend on context. We predicted that nitrogen (N)‐only enrichment promotes plant invasions and exacerbates their P limitation, increasing the utility of AMF and promoting AMF diversity. We expected that enrichment with N, P and other nutrients similarly promotes plant invasions, but decreases the benefit and diversity of AMF because P is readily available for both native and exotic plants.

We tested these hypotheses in eucalypt woodlands of south‐western Australia, that occur on soils naturally low in P. We evaluated AMF communities within three modified ground‐layer states representing different types of nutrient enrichment and associated plant invasions. We compared these modified states to near‐natural reference woodlands.

AMF richness varied across ground‐layer states. The moderately invaded/N‐enriched state showed the highest AMF richness, while the highly invaded/NP‐enriched state showed the lowest AMF richness. The reference state and the weakly invaded/enriched state were intermediate. AMF richness and colonisation were higher in roots of exotic than native plant species.

AMF community composition differed among ground‐layer states, with the highly invaded/NP‐enriched state being most distinct. Distinctions among states were often driven by family‐level patterns. Reference and moderately invaded/N‐enriched states each supported distinct groups of zero‐radius operational taxonomic units (zOTUs) in Acaulosporaceae, Gigasporaceae and Glomeraceae, whereas Gigasporaceae and Glomeraceae were nearly absent from the highly invaded/NP‐enriched state. Further, Diversisporaceae and Glomeraceae were most diverse in the moderately invaded/N‐enriched state.

Synthesis. Both the nature of soil nutrient enrichment and plant provenance matter for AMF. N‐only enrichment of low‐P soils increased AMF richness, likely due to the introduction of AMF‐dependent exotic plant species and exacerbation of their P limitation. In contrast, multi‐nutrient enrichment, decreased AMF richness potentially due to a decrease in host dependence on AMF, regardless of host provenance. The changes in AMF community composition with nutrient enrichment and plant invasion warrant further research into predicting the functional implications of these changes.
Power to the posers: Delsartean women, the law of correspondence and the classical male body
Authors: Snow K. Mitchell 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the late nineteenth century, female adherents of the Delsartean physical culture movement in the USA would perform statue poses as part of their training and public appearances, employing both male and female statues in their work. This article positions this practice within seventeenth‐ and eighteenth‐century historical trajectories of the visual, rhetorical and performing arts and the allegorical meanings that prior generations had mapped onto the bodies of these works of art. This article argues that the Delsartean ‘law of correspondence’ equating internal states with external expression allowed their statue posing to serve as a tacit statement of gender equality.
AGENCY AND POWER OF COASTAL COMMUNITIES: Assembling Micro Infrastructures as Everyday Resistance and Resilience in North Jakarta's Port
Authors: Talib Naimah Lutfi Abdullah 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe rise of the global supply chain has intensified the circulation of goods and capital across the world. While the body of literature on the politics and political‐economy aspects of logistical expansion has grown, little attention has been given to understanding how coastal fishers’ communities interact with the ongoing development of mega infrastructure. I argue that it is essential to place spatial and temporal specificity at the centre of analysis to further understanding of everyday resistance and resilience. In this article, I use a case study of the Port development in Jakarta to argue that renegotiating and reworking space and place amid the development of the mega port is a form of nonviolent everyday resistance and resilience that operates under, but also against, the capitalist political‐economy configuration. I focus on everyday resistance, particularly Asef Bayat's concept of quiet encroachment, and resilience literature to demonstrate the development and contested usage of micro and temporary infrastructures, both at household and community levels, as a material example of how diverse groups in communities exercise their agency and power, and express everyday resistance and resilience differently. Through this article, I aim to contribute to the broader literature on a situated political urban ecology, particularly on everyday resistance and resilience in postcolonial urbanism.
Rewriting the climate story with young climate justice activists
Authors: Trott Carlie D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAmidst intensifying climate breakdown and inadequate climate change education, young people are increasingly taking part in a global movement for climate justice. Young climate justice activists are disseminating stories of injustice and possibility intended to inform and activate their peers, parents, politicians, powerholders, and the public for sweeping systems‐level change. Using in‐depth interviews with 16 youth activists aged 15 to 17 from the United States, this study explored youths’ stories into activism, defined as the counterstories motivating youths’ initial and sustained engagement in the climate justice movement. Using reflexive thematic analysis, two interrelated thematic categories were generated: redefining the problem of climate breakdown and challenging dominant climate solutionism. First, activists spoke of questioning dominant, depoliticised discourses that regard climate change as a primarily scientific or environmental problem that adults are currently “solving” to prevent future harms. Youths’ counterstories emphasised that climate change is an issue of present‐day and future injustices perpetuated by inadequate action by today’s adult leaders. Second, youths’ counterstories emphasised the powerful role of young people in spurring societal transformation towards climate justice—an inherently political and radical project requiring systems change through collective action. The research draws upon and contributes to recent scholarship in children’s geographies and critical geographies of education, while responding to urgent calls for reimagining climate pedagogies with young people’s well‐being and political agency at the centre. By examining the counterstories employed by young activists, this research highlights storylines educators may mobilise to activate learners’ political imaginations and spur their active engagement in societal transformation.
Prospective longitudinal relations among frequent social media use, nicotine vaping and experiencing internalizing mental health problems
Authors: Lee Shieun , Elam Kit , Lohrmann David , Luo Juhua , Chow Angela , Seo Dong‐Chul 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsTo compare four a priori rival mediated pathways of frequent social media use, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use and internalizing mental health (MH) problems across five waves of nationally representative data.Design, setting and participantsThis was a longitudinal study using data drawn from waves 2–5 (October 2014–November 2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative cohort study spanning approximately 5 years, conducted in the United States. The analytical sample of participants included those who were aged 12–14 years at wave 2 and who provided data in subsequent waves until wave 4.5 (n = 4627, 69.7% were White and 51.4% were male).MeasurementsFrequent social media use (several times a day), ENDS use (past 30‐day use) and internalizing MH problems (endorsed symptoms on four items in the past year) were dichotomized for analysis.FindingsThe weighted proportions of the three key variables increased over time. From wave 2 to wave 5, frequent social media use grew from 56.9 to 77.2%; internalizing MH problems from 18.9 to 29.0%; and ENDS use from 1.4 to 11.4%. In weighted logistic regressions using generalized linear mixed models with random effects, there was a significant within‐person association between frequent social media use at time t and greater ENDS use at t + 1 [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.87; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.47, 2.37] and worsened internalizing MH problems at t + 1 (aOR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.04, 1.37). A model‐based causal mediation analysis and marginal structural models were fitted to estimate the average causal mediation effect. Among all four examined mediation pathways throughout the three constructs, partial mediation was observed, and all the pathways were significant for both boys and girls. Sex differences did not emerge in the examined prospective mediated pathways.ConclusionsAmong youth in the United States, frequent social media use appears to mediate the prospective association between experiencing internalizing mental health problems and using electronic nicotine delivery systems.
Somatic and psychiatric comorbidity in people with diagnosed gambling disorder: A Finnish nation‐wide register study
Authors: Grönroos Tanja , Kontto Jukka , Kouvonen Anne , Latvala Tiina A. , Partonen Timo , Salonen Anne H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsThis is the first nation‐wide register study based on a total population sample measuring the gender‐specific incidences of chronic diseases and conditions among adults diagnosed with gambling disorder (GD).Design, setting and participantsThe study used aggregated data for 2011–22 retrieved from the Register of Primary Health Care visits, Care Register for Health Care and Care Register for Social Welfare, including specialized outpatient and inpatient health care, inpatient social care and institutional care and housing services with 24‐hour or part‐time assistance, set in mainland Finland. Participants comprised people aged 18–90+ years with GD diagnosis [corresponding to pathological gambling, International Classification of Diseases 10th revision (ICD‐10) code F63.0, n = 3605; men n = 2574, women n = 1031] and the general population (n = 4 374 192).MeasurementsIncidences of somatic diseases and psychiatric disorders were calculated for the people with diagnosed GD and for the general population, separately for women and men.FindingsAfter standardizing for age, the incidence of each diagnostic group was systematically higher for people with GD compared with the general population, except for cancer. The highest standardized incidence ratio (SIR) values were for psychiatric disorders [SIR = 234.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 226.1–242.4], memory disorders (SIR = 172.1; 95% CI = 119.1–234.8), nervous system diseases (SIR = 162.8; 95% CI = 152.8–173.1), chronic respiratory diseases (SIR = 150.6; 95% CI = 137.6–164.2), diabetes (SIR = 141.4; 95% CI = 127.9–155.5) and digestive diseases (SIR = 134.5; 95% CI = 127.1–142.2).ConclusionsIn Finland, the incidence of chronic diseases and conditions among people with gambling disorder is higher compared with the general population, apart from cancer.