bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of zero trans/low sat fat systems structured with sorbitan monostearate and fully hydrogenated canola oil
Authors: de Oliveira Glazieli Marangoni , Stahl Marcella Aparecida , Ribeiro Ana Paula Badan , Grimaldi Renato , Cardoso Lisandro Pavie , Kieckbusch Theo Guenter 
Published: February 2015

Currently, lipid scientists are searching for alternatives or solutions to a concern widely discussed by health organizations around the world, namely, the demand to limit the amount of saturated fat intake by the population. The present work considers the development of a lipid system with zero trans fat and low contents of saturated fatty acids (low sat). Palm oil (PO) was used as zero trans fat basis and canola oil (CO) as a source of low sat lipids. The functional attributes of these mixtures were adjusted by the incorporation of a structuring agent (sorbitan monostearate—SMS) and a crystallization modifier (fully hydrogenated canola oil—FHCO). Blends of PO with CO were formulated and the effects of adding 6% of a mixture of FHCO and SMS (50:50 w/w) to the samples were evaluated measuring the solid fat content by NMR, the thermal events by DSC and the polymorphism by XRD. Result for the oil blend (50:50 PO:CO) indicated a reduction of 40.52% in the content of saturated fatty acids compared to the original sample (100:0 PO:CO). The additives increased the consistency and the thermal resistance of the samples and proved to be effective in forming a homogeneous structural network, ensuring the continuity of the liquid oil inside the lipid matrix.Practical applications: This research on oleogels systems has demonstrated the great potential of structuring agents for a wide variety of applications. The oil‐based fats development can be used to replace high saturated fats or hydrogenated oils in formulation of margarines, shortenings, spreads, and other specific applications.Blends of palm oil and canola oil (100:0, 75:25 and 50:50) and these mixtures adjusted by the incorporation of 6% of a 50:50 (w/w) mixture of fully hydrogenated canola oil and sorbitan monostearate (100:0S, 75:25S and 50:50S) at 25°C. Polarized light micrograph of crystals structure were obtained under static isothermal crystallization. The additives proved to be effective in forming a homogeneous structural network, ensuring the continuity of the liquid oil inside the lipid matrix.
Comprehensive and quantitative profiling of lipid species in human milk, cow milk and a phospholipid‐enriched milk formula by GC and MS/MSALL
Authors: Sokol Elena , Ulven Trond , Færgeman Nils J. , Ejsing Christer S. 
Published: February 2015

Here we present a workflow for in‐depth analysis of milk lipids that combines gas chromatography (GC) for fatty acid (FA) profiling and a shotgun lipidomics routine termed MS/MSALL for structural characterization of molecular lipid species. To evaluate the performance of the workflow we performed a comparative lipid analysis of human milk, cow milk, and Lacprodan® PL‐20, a phospholipid‐enriched milk protein concentrate for infant formula. The GC analysis showed that human milk and Lacprodan have a similar FA profile with higher levels of unsaturated FAs as compared to cow milk. In‐depth lipidomic analysis by MS/MSALL revealed that each type of milk sample comprised distinct composition of molecular lipid species. Lipid class composition showed that the human and cow milk contain a higher proportion of triacylglycerols (TAGs) as compared to Lacprodan. Notably, the MS/MSALL analysis demonstrated that the similar FA profile of human milk and Lacprodan determined by GC analysis is attributed to the composition of individual TAG species in human milk and glycerophospholipid species in Lacprodan. Moreover, the analysis of TAG molecules in Lacprodan and cow milk showed a high proportion of short‐chain FAs that could not be monitored by GC analysis. The results presented here show that complementary GC and MS/MSALL analysis is a powerful approach for characterization of molecular lipid species in milk and milk products.Practical applications: Milk lipid analysis is routinely performed using gas chromatography. This method reports the total fatty acid composition of all milk lipids, but provides no structural or quantitative information about individual lipid molecules in milk or milk products. Here we present a workflow that integrates gas chromatography for fatty acid profiling and a shotgun lipidomics routine termed MS/MSALL for structural analysis and quantification of molecular lipid species. We demonstrate the efficacy of this complementary workflow by a comparative analysis of molecular lipid species in human milk, cow milk, and a milk‐based supplement used for infant formula.A workflow for milk lipid analysis based on combined gas chromatography and high‐resolution shotgun lipidomics. In‐depth structural characterization and quantification of molecular lipid species in milk and milk products.
Interaction between extra virgin olive oil phenolic compounds and mucin
Authors: Quintero‐Flórez Angélica , Sánchez‐Ortiz Araceli , Gaforio Martínez José Juan , Jiménez Márquez Antonio , Beltrán Maza Gabriel 
Published: February 2015

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) phenolic compounds provide nutritional benefits because of their antioxidant capacity. The interaction between phenolic compounds and proteins may reduce their bioavailability and antioxidant capacity. The objective of this project was to evaluate the interaction between phenolic compounds from EVOO and mucin (protein produced by epithelial tissues). EVOO phenolic extract and a number of commercially available pure phenolics present in EVOO were also used in this study: cinnamic, p‐coumaric, caffeic, vanillic and protocatechuic acids, tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein. The interaction between polyphenols and proteins was measured by monitoring the increasing turbidity of the reaction mixture and expressed in nephelometric turbidity units. Polyphenol solutions at different concentrations were mixed with mucin solutions. Reaction mixtures were measured after 1, 30, 60, 90 and 180 min at 37°C. The results suggest that EVOO polyphenols interact with the mucin solution forming an insoluble complex after 1 min of reaction. The highest interaction between polyphenols and proteins was observed for the EVOO phenolic extract and cinnamic, p‐coumaric and caffeic acids. The interaction between polyphenols and mucin varied depending on the phenol concentration and chemical structure. The importance of the results is to evaluate the possible consequences of EVOO phenolic–protein interactions in the bioavailability and antioxidant capacity of the polyphenols present in the EVOO.Practical applications: Nephelometry is a simple method for the evaluation of the interaction between phenolic extract from EVOO and mucin. Phenolic compounds interact with mucin and this could provide information about possible negative consequences for the bioavailability of polyphenols and finally for the health benefits of EVOO. Additionally, this method could complement sensorial analysis for evaluation of the astringency of EVOOs, according to their polyphenol profiles.Schematic representation of the stages occurring in binding and precipitation of polyphenol by mucin. Adapted from [30, 45].
Kinetics of the epoxidation of soybean oil with H2O2 catalyzed by phosphotungstic heteropoly acid in the presence of polyethylene glycol
Authors: Cheng Weiwei , Liu Guoqin , Wang Xuede , Liu Xinqi , Jing Lu 
Published: February 2015

In this work, the kinetics of “in situ” epoxidation of soybean oil with H2O2 (30% w/w), catalyzed by phosphotungstic heteropoly acid [π‐C5H5N(CH2)15CH3]3[PW4O16] (PHA) phase transfer catalyst and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as interfacial agent in dichloroethane, were investigated at 40, 50, 60, and 70°C. Assuming that the epoxidation reaction occurred in the pseudo‐homogeneous catalytic system and the side reaction of epoxy ring cleavage was negligible, the results appeared that the epoxidation reaction of soybean oil in the presence of PEG was a second‐order with respect to double bond concentration and a first‐order to the H2O2 concentration. The corresponding apparent activation energy (42.12 kJ/mol) was lower than that of PHA alone (49.23 kJ/mol), indicating that PEG could decrease the activation energy and speed up the epoxidation reaction of soybean oil.Practical applications: An environmentally friendly catalyst is eagerly needed to produce peroxided soybean oil for low yield and to prevent polluting the environment through the epoxidation of soybean oil with peracid. Phosphotungstic heteropoly acid phase transfer catalyst and polyethylene glycol improve the conversion and selectivity of the epoxidation reaction of soybean oil, and enhance its production efficiency.The activation energy of the soybean oil epoxidation reaction with H2O2 catalyzed by phosphotungstic heteropoly acid (PHA) in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) was lower than that of PEG alone, accounting for the results showing that the epoxy group band of the former (PHA + PEG) appeared quicker than the latter (PHA) in IR spectra.
Synthesis and characterization of novel trialdehyde, tribenzylamine, and triamine from triolein
Authors: Yang Jian , Yue Jin , Zha Baoping , Zhao Yanyun 
Published: February 2015

Considering the energy crisis and environmental pollution, more attention has been focused on the synthesis of bio‐based monomers and polymers. In this study, novel trialdehyde, tribenzylamine, and triamine were synthesized from triolein, a major component of rapeseed oil, and their structures were characterized by FT‐IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry. The produced tribenzylamine and triamine could be utilized as potential bio‐monomers to produce polymers, such as polyurea and polyamide. The developed synthetic methodology could be employed on other unsaturated triacyglycerols and plant oils.Practical applications: A practical method to synthesize three novel compounds from the vegetable oil feedstock has been developed. These compounds are of interest for the synthesis of polymers such as hyperbranched polyurea, which have some potential use as optical, electronic, magnetic, and nano‐materials.The polyamine could be utilized as potential bio‐monomers to produce polymers, such as polyurea and polyamide. In this study, a novel tribenzylamine, and triamine were synthesized from triolein, a major component of rapeseed oil. The developed synthetic methodology could be employed on other unsaturated triacyglycerols and plant oils.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling of N‐Amino­azoles with 3‐Halo‐Substituted ­Quinolin‐2(1H)‐ones, Coumarins, Quin­oxalin‐2(1H)‐ones, and Chromenes
Authors: Luong Thi Thanh Huyen , Brachet Etienne , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Messaoudi Samir , Alami Mouâd 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAn efficient and general palladium‐catalyzed coupling of 3‐bromoquinolin‐2(1H)‐ones, 3‐bromocoumarins, 3‐chloroquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones, and 3‐iodo‐2H‐chromenes with a variety of 1‐aminoazoles is described. The reaction proceeds cleanly in the presence of the Pd(OAc)2/4,5‐bis(diphenylphosphino)‐9,9‐dimethylxanthene (Xantphos) catalytic system to provide the coupling products in good to excellent yields.
Chemo‐ and Stereoselective NBS‐Promoted Intermolecular Oxygenation and Nitrogenation of α‐C–H Bonds of Tertiary Diamines
Authors: Pereira Raul , Otth Elisabeth , Cvengroš Ján 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA new method for the activation of the non‐benzylic α‐C–H bonds in tertiary diamines has been developed. The protocol relies on an N‐bromosuccinimide (NBS)‐mediated oxidation of carbon atoms next to the nitrogen atoms in the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd(OAc)2 followed by an intermolecular reaction with oxygen‐ or nitrogen‐centered nucleophiles. Mechanistic studies hint towards a radical intermediate, which can be further oxidized to an olefin or a non‐classical carbocation. Stable α‐oxygen‐ or α‐nitrogen‐substituted bicyclic tertiary amines are thus efficiently accessed under mild conditions.
Molecular mechanisms of human thyrocyte dysfunction induced by low concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyl 118 through the Akt/FoxO3a/NIS pathway
Authors: Guo Hongwei , Yang Hui , Chen Huanhuan , Li Wen , Tang Jinmei , Cheng Pei , Xie Yuchun , Liu Yun , Ding Guoxian , Cui Dai , Zheng Xuqin , Duan Yu 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are typical persistent organic pollutants that can interfere with multiple organ systems of humans. Previously, we concluded that persistent exposure to low doses of PCB118 could severely damage the thyroidal structure, dramatically decrease the concentration of serum thyroid hormones and inhibit the pivotal gene expressions such as sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) and thyroglobulin (Tg). To explore the molecular mechanisms of thyrocyte dysfunction induced by 2,3′,4,4′,5‐pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB118), monolayer cultured human thyroid epithelial cells (HTECs) were treated with PCB118 or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a control. Our results indicated that relatively higher concentrations of PCB118 could induce a loss in the viability of HTEC. In cultures with concentrations of PCB118 from 0.025 to 25 nM, which did not affect cell viability or apoptosis, concentrations of Tg and thyroxine (T4) were significantly decreased compared with those in the controls. In addition, mRNA and protein levels of Akt were increased significantly in the PCB118‐treated groups, whereas FoxO3a expression did not show particular variation. Furthermore, exposure to PCB118 was associated with a significant increase of the protein levels of p‐Akt and p‐FoxO3a, and these effects were blocked by LY294002. In contrast, mRNA and protein expression levels of NIS were decreased significantly, and this effect was blocked by LY294002. Unlike control cells, a cytoplasmic shift of FoxO3a was observed in the PCB118‐treated group. Our research suggests that PCB118 may induce thyrocyte dysfunction through the Akt/FoxO3a/NIS signalling pathway, which provides potential new insights for finding interventions to counteract the damage to the human body caused by PCBs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bupropion treatment increases epididymal contractility and impairs sperm quality with no effects on the epididymal sperm transit time of male rats
Authors: Cavariani Marilia Martins , de Almeida Kiguti Luiz Ricardo , de Lima Rosa Josiane , de Araújo Leite Gabriel Adan , Silva Patrícia Villela e , Pupo André Sampaio , De Grava Kempinas Wilma 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBupropion is a dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) reuptake inhibitor used as smoking cessation and antidepressant drug with a lower incidence of male sexual dysfunction. We showed previously that sibutramine, a norepinephrine/serotonine reuptake inhibitor, reduced male rat fertility. As there are no studies evaluating the impact of bupropion treatment on spermatic parameters and male fertility, we evaluated the effects of bupropion treatment (15 and 30 mg kg−1, 30 days) on sexual behavior, spermatic parameters and fertility of male Wistar rats and on the epididymal duct in vitro contractility. Bupropion 15 mg kg−1 increased the serum luteinizing hormone level and the epididymal duct contractility, but the sperm quality was not affected. At 30 mg kg−1 bupropion impaired sperm quality increasing the incidence of non‐progressive sperm. The male sexual behavior and fertility were not modified at both bupropion doses. These results, in rats, suggest the importance of studies evaluating the effects of bupropion on the human male sperm quality. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
iTRAQ‐Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Cai Xin‐Zhang , Zeng Wei‐Qun , Xiang Yi , Liu Yi , Zhang Hong‐Min , Li Hong , She Sha , Yang Min , Xia Kun , Peng Shi‐Fang 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common disease in the southern provinces of China with a poor prognosis. To better understand the pathogenesis of NPC and identify proteins involved in NPC carcinogenesis, we applied iTRAQ coupled with two‐dimensional LC‐MS/MS to compare the proteome profiles of NPC tissues and the adjacent non‐tumor tissues. We identified 54 proteins with differential expression in NPC and the adjacent non‐tumor tissues. The differentially expressed proteins were further determined by RT‐PCR and Western blot analysis. In addition, the up‐regulation of HSPB1, NPM1 and NCL were determined by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarray. Functionally, we found that siRNA mediated knockdown of NPM1 inhibited the migration and invasion of human NPC CNE1 cell line. In summary, this is the first study on proteome analysis of NPC tissues using an iTRAQ method, and we identified many new differentially expressed proteins which are potential targets for the diagnosis and therapy of NPC. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1431–1441, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mechanism of Dose‐Dependent Regulation of UBE1L by Polyphenols in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Authors: Jiang Apei , Li Yuan , Wang Pengqi , Shan Xiaoyun , Jiang Pan , Wang Xuemin , Feng Qing 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTUbiquitin activating enzyme E1‐like (UBE1L) is the activating enzyme for ISG15ylation (ISG15, interferon stimulated gene 15). UBE1L is thought to be a candidate tumor suppressor gene and has positive activity against stress responses such as viral infections. Both type I interferon and retinoic acid are known to induce UBE1L expression. However, the molecular mechanism of UBE1L regulation is unclear. Here, the effect of several chemopreventive polyphenols on UBE1L expression in human bronchial epithelial cells (Beas‐2B) was investigated. Lower concentrations of curcumin, (−)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) and resveratrol upregulated UBE1L, while high concentrations of curcumin, EGCG and resveratrol downregulated UBE1L levels. Interestingly, curcumin, EGCG and resveratrol diminished intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) at lower concentrations but generated ROS at higher concentrations. The antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) increased UBE1L protein levels, while pro‐oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide and tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) decreased UBE1L protein levels, indicating that the intracellular redox status is associated with UBE1L expression. Kinase inhibitors were used to examine the contribution of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity to the polyphenol‐regulated UBE1L. Only the inhibition of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) significantly reduced UBE1L expression. Knockdown of nuclear factor erythroid‐2 related factor‐2 (Nrf2) caused a concomitant decrease in UBE1L protein levels. It is concluded from the above mentioned results that JNK/Nrf2 signal pathway is involved in the regulation of UBE1L via intracellular ROS status when cells came in contact with polyphenols. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1553–1562, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reliability of prototype microcapsule diffuser for speckle noise reduction in laser displays
Authors: Okagaki Satoru , Kondo Jun , Kojima Kuniko , Nakano Yuzo , Miyata Akihisa , Kubo Kazuki , Yoshida Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA microcapsule diffuser of the transparent type is proposed to reduce the speckle noise generated on a laser display. This diffuser has a microcapsule that is secured between two transparent electrodes. The microcapsule contains light diffusion particles that are electrically charged. Because the particles in the microcapsules are moved by the electric field, the proposed device reduces speckle noise. This paper reports the results of one study of the device reliability.
Fabrication of poly‐Si complementary metal oxide semiconductor inverter by all sputtering deposition process
Authors: Yeh Wenchang , Huang Boting 
Published: February 2015

AbstractDirect current sputtering was used for deposition of Si film for precursor film of excimer laser annealing, n+‐Si/p+‐Si film for source/drain contact, and SiO2 film for gate insulator of polycrystalline silicon thin‐film transistor. Using these methods, poly‐Si thin‐film complementary metal oxide semiconductor inverter was fabricated by all sputtering process for the first time. The field‐effect mobility was, respectively, 6.5 and 12.5 cm2/Vs for n‐TFTs and p‐TFTs. This inverter exhibits a full rail‐to‐rail swing and abrupt voltage transfer characteristics over the entire voltage range, and the output voltage gain was ~117 at Vdd = 20 V.
Comparison of voice outcomes after trial and long‐term vocal fold augmentation in vocal fold atrophy
Authors: Young VyVy N. , Gartner‐Schmidt Jackie , Rosen Clark A. 
Published: February 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo compare voice outcomes after vocal fold augmentation using a trial (temporary) vocal fold injection (VFI) versus long‐term augmentation in patients diagnosed with vocal fold atrophy.Study DesignRetrospective, single‐blinded study.MethodsNineteen patients diagnosed with vocal fold atrophy underwent trial VFI and subsequent long‐term augmentation. Voice Handicap Index‐10, acoustic, and aerodynamic measures were analyzed following trial and long‐term augmentation procedures.ResultsForty‐two percent (8/19) of patients had a good response to trial VFI (P < .0001); 58% (11/19) had a poor response to trial VFI (P = .95). Of the patients with good response to trial VFI, 75% (6/8) also had good response to long‐term augmentation (P = .006), but 25% (2/8) reported a poor response to long‐term treatment. Of the patients who had a poor response to trial VFI, 55% (6/11) also had a poor response to long‐term treatment, but 45% (5/11) of patients reported good response after long‐term augmentation.ConclusionsThis is the first study to provide comparative voice outcomes using both trial VFI and long‐term augmentation for vocal fold atrophy. Additional critical evaluation of the value of trial VFI for vocal fold atrophy patients is suggested.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:934–940, 2015
Robot‐assisted transnasal laryngoplasty in cadaveric models: Quantifying forces and identifying challenges
Authors: Groom Kelly , Wang Long , Simaan Nabil , Netterville James 
Published: February 2015

Objectives/HypothesisWe expanded our prior work with transnasal robotic surgery (TNRS) in this study with the following aims: 1) use a cadaveric model to evaluate the feasibility of laryngoplasty with TNRS, 2) measure robot insertion times and forces, and 3) identify operational challenges to further guide the development of a flexible robotic system.Study DesignCadaveric study.MethodsA 5‐mm robot was guided to the larynx via a transnasal approach. Insertion times and forces using TNRS and a 4‐mm flexible fiberoptic laryngoscope (FFL) were measured. Target sites on the true vocal cords were marked, and the TNRS was telemanipulated to perform injection laryngoplasty.ResultsInsertion times averaged 5.05 seconds (range, 3.8–10.4 seconds) for the TNRS and 7.97 seconds (range, 6.2–11.6 seconds) for the FFL. Insertion forces averaged 2.06 newtons (range, 1.56–5.55 newtons) for the TNRS and 0.43 newtons (range, 0.157–1.138 newtons) for the FFL. The unpaired t test between times and forces revealed P values of .0024 and .0000658, respectively. Seven target injection sites on three vocal cords in two cadaveric larynxes were successfully injected. In two out of nine sites marked, we were unable to access the vocal cord due tongue base collapse that obscured the posterior airway.ConclusionsTNRS is able to effectively access the larynx, although in a supine model may be limited by tongue base collapse. Forces with TNRS were significantly higher than with the FFL, albeit within the same scale. Despite increased forces, there was no evidence of tissue trauma using TNRS.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:1166–1168, 2015