bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible mica films coated by magnetron sputtered insulating layers for high‐temperature capacitive energy storage
Authors: Yin Chao , Zhang Tiandong , Zhang Changhai , Zhang Yue , Jeong Chang Kyu , Hwang Geon‐Tae , Chi Qingguo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh‐temperature energy storage performance of dielectric capacitors is crucial for the next generation of power electronic devices. However, conduction losses rise sharply at elevated temperature, limiting the application of energy storage capacitors. Here, the mica films magnetron sputtered by different insulating layers are specifically investigated, which exhibit the excellent high‐temperature energy storage performance. The experimental results revealed that the PbZrO3/Al2O3/PbZrO3 (PZO/AO/PZO) interface insulating layers can effectively reduce the high‐temperature leakage current and conduction loss of the composite films. Consequently, the ultrahigh energy storage density (Wrec) and charge‒discharge efficiency (η) can be achieved simultaneously in the flexible mica‐based composite films. Especially, PZO/AO/PZO/mica/PZO/AO/PZO (PAPMPAP) films possess excellent Wrec of 27.5 J/cm3 and η of 87.8% at 200°C, which are significantly better than currently reported high‐temperature capacitive energy storage dielectric materials. Together with outstanding power density and electrical cycling stability, the flexible films in this work have great application potential in high‐temperature energy storage capacitors. Moreover, the magnetron sputtering technology can deposit large‐area nanoscale insulating layers on the surface of capacitor films, which can provide technical support for the industrial production of capacitors.
Stereoselective Synthesis of α‐Azido Esters and α‐Amino Acid Derivatives via Matteson Homologation of Boronic Esters
Authors: Horn Alexander , Papadopoulos Emanuel , Kinsinger Thorsten , Greve Jennifer , Bickel Etienne , Pachoula Stavroula , Kazmaier Uli 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMatteson homologation with sodium azide in DMF proved to be an excellent highly stereoselective tool for the synthesis of complex α‐azido and α‐amino acids. Both enantiomers are easily accessible via the choice of the chiral boronic ester auxiliary.
Synthesis of 2,2,3,3‐Tetraphenyl‐5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8‐octamethyl‐2,3,5,6,7,8‐hexasilabicyclo[2.2.2]octane – a Phenyl‐substituted Silicon‐containing Cage
Authors: Sato Koichi , Sasamori Takahiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMolecular cages that contain silicon are highly versatile and stable materials with great potential for various scientific and technological applications due to their ability to form stable three‐dimensional frameworks. The synthesis of 2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8‐dodecamethyl‐2,3,5,6,7,8‐hexasilabicyclo[2.2.2]octane has already been reported and its modifications at the CH moiety have been demonstrated to afford varied functionality. Here, we present the synthesis and characterization of 2,2,3,3‐tetraphenyl‐5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8‐octamethyl‐2,3,5,6,7,8‐hexasilabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, which is a phenyl‐substituted analogue of such a silicon‐containing cage. The Ph‐substituted Si‐containing cage exhibits a low‐lying LUMO due to the hyper‐conjugation including Si−Si, Si−C σ*‐orbitals, and π(phenyl)‐orbitals, which results in a remarkable bathochromic shift in the UV‐vis absorption spectrum.
Structuring the Unstructured: The Very Special Case of the Icelandic Municipal CEO
Authors: Hlynsdóttir Eva Marín 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe position of the Icelandic municipal chief executive officer (MCEO) is the single most important municipal administrative position. The Icelandic system has strong Nordic traits, with a strong local identity, strong local councils, and a wide range of tasks. However, this trend has only recently been manifested, as the arrangements of Icelandic local governments have changed considerably in the past decades. This chapter discusses the history of the MCEO position and demonstrates how the past is effectively influencing the present. The chapter shows how the Icelandic case both diverges from and converges with those of the other Nordic countries. Finally, special emphasis is placed on demonstrating the similarities and differences between different types of MCEOs and the main challenges of the complexity of the Icelandic case.
Raucherassoziierte interstitielle Lungenerkrankungen
Authors: Jungblut Lisa 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Klinisches/Methodisches Problem
Die Identifizierung von raucherassoziierten Lungenerkrankungen (SRILD) bei Rauchern ist herausfordernd, da die klinischen Manifestationen unspezifisch sein können und es eine Vielzahl von SRILD gibt, welche nicht nur ineinander übergehen, sondern auch überlappend vorkommen können.

Radiologische Standardverfahren
Bei der Diagnose von SRILD ermöglichen bildgebende Verfahren wie die hochauflösende CT (HRCT) eine Identifizierung charakteristischer Merkmale und dienen daher als wichtiges Puzzlestück zur endgültigen Diagnosestellung.

Leistungsfähigkeit
In Studien zeigte die hochauflösende Computertomographie (HRCT) eine Sensitivität von etwa 80–90 % bei der Identifizierung von raucherassoziierten interstitiellen Lungenerkrankungen (SRILD), während die Spezifität bei etwa 70–80 % liegt. Eine endgültige Diagnose kann häufig nur mithilfe von histopathologischer als auch klinischer Korrelation erfolgen.

Empfehlungen für die Praxis
Regelmäßige Überwachung von Rauchern, besonders bei Atemnot und Husten, sowie eine interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit sind bei SRILD entscheidend für die richtige Diagnosestellung und entsprechende Therapie.
The role of microglia in early neurodevelopment and the effects of maternal immune activation
Authors: Mastenbroek L. J. M. , Kooistra S. M. , Eggen B. J. L. , Prins J. R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractActivation of the maternal immune system during gestation has been associated with an increased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring, particularly schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. Microglia, the tissue-resident macrophages of the central nervous system, are implicated as potential mediators of this increased risk. Early in development, microglia start populating the embryonic central nervous system and in addition to their traditional role as immune responders under homeostatic conditions, microglia are also intricately involved in various early neurodevelopmental processes. The timing of immune activation may interfere with microglia functioning during early neurodevelopment, potentially leading to long-term consequences in postnatal life. In this review we will discuss the involvement of microglia in brain development during the prenatal and early postnatal stages of life, while also examining the effects of maternal immune activation on microglia and neurodevelopmental processes. Additionally, we discuss recent single cell RNA-sequencing studies focusing on microglia during prenatal development, and hypothesize how early life microglial priming, potentially through epigenetic reprogramming, may be related to neurodevelopmental disorders.
Nonclassical wave propagation measurements in the high temperature vapor of $$\hbox {D}_{6}$$ with the asymmetric shock tube for experiments in rarefaction waves (ASTER)
Authors: Chandrasekaran Nitish , Michelis Theodoros , Mercier Bertrand , Falsetti Chiara , Colonna Piero 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA novel test setup called the asymmetric shock tube for experiments on nonideal rarefaction waves (ASTER) has been commissioned at Delft University of Technology. The ASTER, which works according to the principle of Ludwieg tubes, is designed to generate and measure the speed of small and finite amplitude waves propagating in the dense vapors of fluids formed by complex organic molecules, therefore in the nonideal compressible fluid dynamics regime. The ultimate goal of the associated research is to prove the existence of nonclassical gasdynamics. The setup consists of a high-pressure charge tube and a vacuum tank separated by a glass disk equipped with a breaking mechanism for rarefaction waves experiments. When the glass disk is broken, an expansion wave propagates into the tube in the direction opposite to the fluid flow. The propagation speed of this wave is measured using a time-of-flight method with the help of four fast-response pressure sensors placed equidistantly in the middle of the tube. The charge tube can withstand pressures and temperatures of up to 15 bar and 400$$^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$

∘

C

. Preliminary rarefaction experiments were successfully conducted using dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, $$\hbox {D}_{6}$$

D
6

, as the working fluid and at pressures and temperatures of up to 9.4 bar and 372$$^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$$

∘

C

, respectively. The results of an experiment featuring the initial state for which a theoretical model predicts the nonclassical acceleration of rarefaction waves show that the propagation is qualitatively different from that put into evidence by experiments for which the propagation is classic. Upcoming setup improvements and experimental campaigns are planned with the objective of experimentally verifying the existence of nonclassical gasdynamics.
Graphical abstract
Intentional coronary revascularization versus conservative therapy in patients after peripheral artery revascularization due to critical limb ischemia: the INCORPORATE trial
Authors: Toth Gabor G , Brodmann Marianne , Kanoun Schnur Sadeek S , Bartus Stanislaw , Vrsalovic Mislav , Krestianinov Oleg , Kala Petr , Bil Jacek , Gil Robert , Kanovsky Jan , Di Serafino Luigi , Paolucci Luca , Barbato Emanuele , Mangiacapra Fabio , Ruzsa Zoltan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Objectives
INCORPORATE trial was designed to evaluate whether default coronary-angiography (CA) and ischemia-targeted revascularization is superior compared to a conservative approach for patients with treated critical limb ischemia (CLI). Registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03712644) on October 19, 2018.

Background
Severe peripheral artery disease is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and poor outcomes.

Methods
INCORPORATE was an open-label, prospective 1:1 randomized multicentric trial that recruited patients who had undergone successful CLI treatment. Patients were randomized to either a conservative or invasive approach regarding potential coronary artery disease (CAD). The conservative group received optimal medical therapy alone, while the invasive group had routine CA and fractional flow reserve-guided revascularization. The primary endpoint was myocardial infarction (MI) and 12-month mortality.

Results
Due to COVID-19 pandemic burdens, recruitment was halted prematurely. One hundred eighty-five patients were enrolled. Baseline cardiac symptoms were scarce with 92% being asymptomatic. Eighty-nine patients were randomized to the invasive approach of whom 73 underwent CA. Thirty-four percent had functional single-vessel disease, 26% had functional multi-vessel disease, and 90% achieved complete revascularization. Conservative and invasive groups had similar incidences of death and MI at 1 year (11% vs 10%; hazard ratio 1.21 [0.49–2.98]). Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) trended for hazard in the Conservative group (20 vs 10%; hazard ratio 1.94 [0.90–4.19]). In the per-protocol analysis, the primary endpoint remained insignificantly different (11% vs 7%; hazard ratio 2.01 [0.72–5.57]), but the conservative approach had a higher MACCE risk (20% vs 7%; hazard ratio 2.88 [1.24–6.68]).

Conclusion
This trial found no significant difference in the primary endpoint but observed a trend of higher MACCE in the conservative arm.

Graphical Abstract
A graphical abstract illustrating the key highlights of the design and comparisons
Childhood asthma and mould in homes—A meta-analysis
Authors: Varga Marton Kristof , Moshammer Hanns , Atanyazova Oral 
Published: July 2024

Summary
Asthma is a multifaceted and multicausal disease. Childhood asthma is strongly influenced by genetic traits and is characterized by hyperreactivity of the airways so that also unspecific triggers including moulds can trigger an asthma attack. Therefore, it is undisputed that moulds in the home can cause asthma attacks in asthmatic children. It is, however, unclear if mould in homes also induce the development of asthma. Because more and more severe attacks in asthmatic children living in mouldy homes might speed up the diagnosis of asthma, cross-sectional studies are not well-suited to differentiate between mould as a causative or only as a precipitating factor. Cross-sectional studies show an increased asthma risk and poorer lung function in children living in mouldy homes. To better understand the causal role of mould in homes, a systematic review was performed with random effects meta-analysis focusing on cohort and case-control studies only.
We found 21 case-control and 11 cohort studies examining the association between mould at home and later advent of childhood asthma. According to the case-control studies, mouldy homes increase the risk of asthma by 53% (95 confidence interval [CI]: 42–65%) with no evidence of heterogeneity or publication bias. Risk estimates based on cohort studies were smaller with 15% (1–31%). The cohort studies also showed no publication bias but substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 60.5, p = 0.005). Heterogeneity could be partly explained by percentage of male children, age of participants, and publication year, but was not affected by study quality.
In conclusion, living in mouldy homes during childhood seems to increase the risk of later developing bronchial asthma.
Exploring factors associated with health literacy and the underlying mechanism among primary school children
Authors: Huang Junjie , Xu Yue , Yim Lai , Keung Vera M. W. , Cheung Calvin K. M. , Lo Amelia S. C. , Lau Vincent T. C. , Mui Lancelot W. H. , Lee Albert , Wong Martin C. S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aim
A better understanding of health literacy (HL) within a local context is needed before developing and implementing interventions in Hong Kong. The current study aimed to explore factors associated with HL and functional HL and the underlying mechanism of functional HL.

Subject and methods
The study recruited students from grades 4–6 in 18 Hong Kong primary schools. Self-administrated questionnaires with 49 items were given to children to assess their HL and 20 factors of interest (e.g., screen time, healthy behaviours). Data were analysed using logistic regression, with the levels of HL and functional HL as outcomes. Mediation analysis was used to assess whether the associations between factors of interest and functional HL were mediated by HL.

Results
A sample of 405 students were included (mean age = 10.0 years, 54.6% female). The majority of students (n = 304, 75.1%) had low family socio-economic status. Higher HL levels were significantly associated with children’s higher self-rated health levels (good: OR = 2.23; very good: OR = 4.09), more health information sources (OR = 1.10), more healthy behaviours (hand washing: OR = 1.83; dental cleaning: OR = 1.76), better efficacy (OR = 4.45) and motivation (OR = 2.61), and less screen time on TV (school days: OR = 0.60; holidays: OR = 0.47). Children’s higher functional HL levels were significantly associated with regular breakfast eating (OR = 2.08), fewer health information sources (OR = 0.94), poorer personal hygiene (OR = 0.57), insufficient physical activity (OR = 0.66), and less screen time on games (OR = 0.52) and social media (school days: OR = 0.30; holidays: OR = 0.42). HL partially explained functional HL’s positive associations with hand hygiene (indirect effect = 0.078, SE = 0.033) and the number of health information sources (indirect effect = 0.011, SE = 0.004).

Conclusion
The current study identified potential intervention targets for HL and functional HL. For greater intervention benefits, intervention should focus on specific targets that have direct effects on the functional HL outcome rather than factors mediated by HL. Continuing research with longitudinal data is needed to draw causal findings.
Role of Artificial Intelligence in the crime prediction and pattern analysis studies published over the last decade: a scientometric analysis
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Saini Munish 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCrime is the intentional commission of an act usually suspected as socially detrimental and specifically defined, forbidden, and punishable under criminal law. Developing a society that is less susceptible to criminal acts makes crime prediction and pattern analysis (CPPA) a paramount topic for academic research interest. With the innovation in technology and rapid expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the research in the field of CPPA has evolved radically to predict crime efficiently. While the number of publications is expanding substantially, we believe there is a dearth of thorough scientometric analysis for this topic. This work intends to analyze research conducted in the last decade using Scopus data and a scientometric technique, emphasizing citation trends and intriguing journals, nations, institutions, their collaborations, authors, and co-authorship networks in CPPA research. Furthermore, three field plots have been staged to visualize numerous associations between country, journal, keyword, and author. Besides, a comprehensive keyword analysis is carried out to visualize the CPPA research carried out with AI amalgamation. A total of five clusters have been identified depicting several AI methods used by the researchers in CPPA and the evolution of research trends over time from various perspectives.
Motives for Performing Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRBs): Similarities to and Differences from Non-Suicidal Self-Injurious and Stereotypic Movement Behaviors
Authors: Moritz Steffen , Schmotz Stella , Hoyer Luca , Abramovitch Amitai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
In the DSM-5, body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs) are now classified in the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders section. Differential diagnosis is complicated by the overlap of BFRBs with other disorders, especially non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSI) and stereotypic movement behavior (SMB). The present study examined participants’ motives for performing BFRBs to provide a better understanding of how BFRBs may differ from NSSI and SMB and to determine whether BFRB is best characterized as an obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder.

Methods
A total of 268 individuals with various BFRBs were assessed with respect to their motives for performing BFRBs, comorbid diagnoses, emotions accompanying their BFRBs, and whether they felt an urge to perform the behavior on others as well as themselves.

Results
The main motives for performing BFRBs were release of stress (84.7%), boredom (51.5%), and gratification/pleasure (34.7%). Approximately one third of the sample were unable to provide a clear motive. The majority were ambivalent about their behavior. Participants rarely engaged in cutting; 16.4% performed a BFRB on someone else’s body or wanted to do so. OCD was self-reported by only 7.5% of the participants.

Discussion
Ambivalence towards symptoms is high in individuals with BFRBs; the main motive for performing the behavior was emotion regulation, particularly of stress. Limitations of the study are the self-reported assessment and the high attrition during the assessment. Further research is needed to clarify whether BFRBs, NSSI, and SMB should be kept separate or should be combined into one category, perhaps with specifiers. The current classification of BFRBs as an OCD-related disorder should be reconsidered.
When Cows Become Heroes: The Construction of Animal Subjectivity and Environmental Sustainability in the Swedish Organic food Sector
Authors: Velander Josefin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAn escalating consumption of animal products characterizes contemporary Western society, resulting in severe environmental consequences and heightened exploitation of animals. Among these issues, livestock production stands out as particularly detrimental due to its significant climate impact and land usage. Paradoxically, the Swedish organic food sector positions cattle as central to achieving sustainable food production. This article delves into the strategies employed by organic organizations to legitimize the consumption of cattle’s meat and dairy. The aim is to examine how Swedish organic organizations produce knowledge of sustainability, and how these sustainability constructions are intertwined with anthroparchy, a system of power relations between humans and cattle. Furthermore, the study investigates how cattle’s agencies and bodies are portrayed. Interviews, documents and media material from organic organizations in Sweden are analyzed to explore how carnism, norms of eating cattle’s meat and dairy, is maintained. The analytical framework applied is rooted in critical animal studies and draws inspiration from Foucauldian discourse analysis, examining the interplay between power and knowledge. The findings reveal that certain environmental aspects are emphasized to reinforce the norm of keeping cattle for food production, while other dimensions are overlooked. Organic organizations represent cows as active subjects transforming their environment to legitimize their status as consumable commodities. The findings also show how carnistic norms limit the organic sector’s ability to achieve environmental objectives. This study underscores how anthroparchy, the dominant power structures between humans and cattle, is reproduced in the Swedish organic context through sustainability discourses that emphasize the subjectivities of cattle.
Effect of nickel oxide concentration on titanium oxide bilayer photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cell application
Authors: Mujawar Almas , Shaikh Kashmira , Lokhande Prasad , Supekar Abhijit , Naik Nithesh , Kowshik Suhas , Jadkar Sandesh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe mesoporous titanium oxide has attracted significant attention as a photoanode material for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs). In the present work, we coated a planar NiO layer on the TiO2 film to minimize charge recombination with the dye and/or electrolyte molecules. The structural, morphological, elemental, optical, and electrical properties of the TiO2 and bi-layered TiO2/NiO films were studied using various characterization techniques. DSSCs based on N3 dye-sensitized TiO2 and bi-layered TiO2/NiO films were fabricated using PI as the redox electrolyte. The photocurrent density–voltage (J–V) characteristics of the DSSCs were studied using a solar simulator. Various parameters, such as open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc), and fill factor (FF), were calculated from the J–V characteristics. DSSCs based on bi-layered TiO2/NiO films showed superior performance compared to bare TiO2 films. The J–V characteristics of bilayer film shows enhanced open-circuit voltage (Voc) ~ 0.56 V, short-circuit current density (Jsc) ~ 2.14 mA/cm2, fill factor (FF) ~ 75%, and efficiency (ƞ) ~ 0.91%. The TiO2/NiO solar cell showed a ~ 28% increase in efficiency compared to TiO2-based DSSC. Hence, the bi-layered TiO2/NiO films have potential applications in optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices.