bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of transabdominal ultrasound of lung bases and follow-up in premature neonates with respiratory distress soon after birth
Authors: Ahuja Chirag Kamal , Saxena Akshay Kumar , Sodhi Kushaljeet Singh , Kumar Praveen , Khandelwal Niranjan 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Background: Chest radiography has been the traditional method of diagnostic evaluation of patients of hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Lung sonography (USG) has been lately explored as an alternative modality. Aims: To explore the application of transabdominal USG of lung bases (TASL) in the evaluation of HMD in premature neonates with respiratory distress soon after birth. Settings and Design: Tertiary care institutional setup. Study duration-18 months. Follow-up-variable, up to 1 month. Prospective descriptive study. Materials and Methods: Eighty-eight consecutive patients admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with gestational age <32 weeks having respiratory distress within 6 h of birth were enrolled. The diagnosis of HMD was made if the patient had negative gastric shake test and/or suggestive chest radiograph. TASL was performed in all patients within the first 24 h of life and biweekly subsequently. USG was interpreted as normal, HMD pattern, or broncho-pulmonary dysplasia (BPD) pattern. Biweekly follow-up was done for patients showing HMD till normalization of the sonographic HMD pattern, development of the sonographic BPD pattern, or death/discharge of the neonate from the hospital. Results and Conclusions: TASL showed 85.7% sensitivity, 75% specificity, 88.88% positive predictive value, and 69.2% negative predictive value for the diagnosis of HMD. The abnormal sonographic findings on day 14 had 94.1% accuracy for prediction of eventual occurrence of clinical BPD. TASL is complementary to chest radiograph in the diagnosis of HMD. It is also useful for the early prediction of BPD with the potential of reducing the cumulative radiation dose to these neonates.
Shoulder ultrasound: What you need to know
Authors: Singh Jatinder Pal 
Published: May 2013

AbstractShoulder ultrasound is consistently used in the assessment of rotator cuff and is as accurate as magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of rotator cuff tear. It can be used as a focused examination providing rapid, real-time diagnosis, and treatment in desired clinical situations. This article presents a simplified approach to scanning and image-guided intervention, and discusses common sonographically apparent shoulder pathologies.
Imaging of skull base: Pictorial essay
Authors: Raut Abhijit A , Naphade Prashant S , Chawla Ashish 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe skull base anatomy is complex. Numerous vital neurovascular structures pass through multiple channels and foramina located in the base skull. With the advent of computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), accurate preoperative lesion localization and evaluation of its relationship with adjacent neurovascular structures is possible. It is imperative that the radiologist and skull base surgeons are familiar with this complex anatomy for localizing the skull base lesion, reaching appropriate differential diagnosis, and deciding the optimal surgical approach. CT and MRI are complementary to each other and are often used together for the demonstration of the full disease extent. This article focuses on the radiological anatomy of the skull base and discusses few of the common pathologies affecting the skull base.
Pictorial essay: Anatomical variations of paranasal sinuses on multidetector computed tomography-How does it help FESS surgeons?
Authors: Reddy Uma Devi Murali Appavoo , Dev Bhawna 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWith the advent of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), imaging of paranasal sinuses prior to functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has become mandatory. Multiplanar imaging, particularly coronal reformations, offers precise information regarding the anatomy of the sinuses and its variations, which is an essential requisite before surgery.
Pictorial essay: Role of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of brachial plexus pathologies
Authors: Lawande Malini , Patkar Deepak P , Pungavkar Sona 
Published: May 2013

AbstractBrachial plexopathies, traumatic and nontraumatic, often present with vague symptoms. Clinical examination and electrophysiological studies are useful but may not localize the lesion accurately. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with its multiplanar imaging capability and soft tissue contrast resolution plays an important role in evaluation of the abnormal brachial plexus.
Le cinéma projeté
Authors: Albera François 
Published: May 2013

L’époque de l'invention d’une technique et d’une technologie telles que le cinéma a généralement été envisagée à partir d’un modèle de filiation, de perfectionnement et de réalisation effective, et elle a été scandée par la chronologie des « découvertes » et des « brevets » dont le personnage d’Edison est le parangon, mais aussi bien Marey, Skladanowsky, Lumière, etc. En étudiant la représentation de technologies audiovisuelles non encore advenues dans une série de textes littéraires souvent non considérés en raison de leur statut marginal ou vulgaire et qui s’inscrivent dans le « genre » de la science-fiction ou de la fantaisie « futuriste », cet article s’efforce de mettre en lumière une problématique qui remet en question le discours de l'invention et de sa progressivité. En effet, ces textes qui, au mieux, sont envisagés comme « anticipant » l’avènement du cinéma ou de la télévision (Villiers de L’Isle-Adam avec L’Ève future ou Jules Verne avec Le château des Carpathes), nous apparaissent plutôt comme des « extrapolations » de théories ou d’hypothèses en vigueur, lesquelles ne trouvent pourtant pas encore d'aboutissements concrets ou d’expériences dans l'espace de l’écriture.
Ce qui de l’autre nous accompagne
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Erice Kiarostami. Correspondencias
Authors: Berthet Frédérique 
Published: May 2013

L’exposition Erice Kiarostami. Correspondencias, conçue sous forme d’un « dialogue créateur », est envisagée ici comme un « mi-lieu » où deux cinéastes remettent au travail les correspondances latentes de leurs oeuvres. La question de savoir si Víctor Erice et Abbas Kiarostami se sont pris l’un l’autre pour compagnon sert de fil directeur à la reconstitution d’un parcours qui relia Barcelone à Paris (2006-2008). En prenant en compte le rôle de la commande muséale, d’un côté, et la subjectivité de la visiteuse que je fus, de l’autre, le texte conclut que Kiarostami aura joué ― pendant cette brève histoire de deux années ― le rôle de l’accompagnement dans la petite musique d’Erice.
La médialité redite par l’oralité
Authors: Lacasse Germain 
Published: May 2013

Cet article montrera comment le cinéma, même s’il permet la remédiation de l’expérience orale qu’il reproduit en la visualisant, a souvent besoin à son tour d’être approprié par l’oralité quand il change d’espace culturel. La traduction du film parlant est un bon exemple de ce phénomène ; pour faire cette opération, on a recours à des sous-titres, ou à une voix over, ou encore au doublage, ou à des commentateurs présents, etc. Ce sont toutes des figures de transfert de la physicalité de l’énonciation, que Mikhaïl Bakhtin appelait « tact » et qu’il croyait présentes dans toutes les communications, mais perceptibles seulement si l’on considère celles-ci de façon contextuelle et « translinguistique ». Cette idée est développée ici non à partir d’exemples de films, mais à partir d’exemples de certaines projections et du tact des commentateurs.
Tuning the Hydrolytic Properties of Half‐Sandwich‐Type Organometallic Cations in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Bíró Linda , Godó Attila J. , Bihari Zsolt , Garribba Eugenio , Buglyó Péter 
Published: May 2013

AbstractHydrolysis of half‐sandwich‐type platinum metal cations with the general formula [M(η6‐arene)(H2O)3]2+ {M = Ru, Os; η6‐arene = benzene, toluene, 1‐methyl‐4‐isopropylbenzene (p‐cym), or 1,3,5‐triisopropylbenzene (tri‐iPr)} or [Ir(η5‐Cp*)(H2O)3]2+ (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl anion) was studied in aqueous solution in the presence of 0.20 M KNO3 or KCl as a background electrolyte to explore the effects of the type of metal ion, the moderately coordinating monodentate chloride ion, and the electron‐donating ability of the arene ligand. Replacement of Ru by Os enhances the formation of the biologically less‐active, triple hydroxido‐bridged dimer, [{M(η6‐arene)}2(μ2‐OH)3]+, whereas in the presence of Cl– complete hydrolysis is suppressed owing to the formation of various chlorido and mixed chlorido/hydroxido species as intermediates. A linear relationship was found between the stability constants of the [{Ru(η6‐arene)}2(μ2‐OH)3]+ complexes in the presence of arenes with different electron‐donating abilities and various atomic and molecular parameters of the corresponding [Ru(η6‐arene)(H2O)3]2+ cations; the triisopropylbenzene derivative was the most resistant to hydrolysis. The results of this study may help in rationalizing the bioactivity of anticancer half‐sandwich metal complexes and can contribute to the rational design of metal compounds with increased biological activity.
Electronic Effects versus Distortion Energies During Strain‐Promoted Alkyne‐Azide Cycloadditions: A Theoretical Tool to Predict Reaction Kinetics
Authors: Garcia‐Hartjes Jaime , Dommerholt Jan , Wennekes Tom , van Delft Floris L. , Zuilhof Han 
Published: May 2013

AbstractSecond‐order reaction kinetics of known strain‐promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) reactions were compared with theoretical data from a range of ab initio methods. This produced both detailed insights into the factors determining the reaction rates and two straightforward theoretical tools that can be used to predict a priori the reaction kinetics of novel cyclooctynes for strain‐promoted cycloaddition reactions. Multiple structural and electronic effects contribute to the reactivity of various cyclooctynes. It is therefore hard to relate a physical or electronic property directly and independently to the reactivity of the cyclooctyne. However, we show that Hartree–Fock LUMO energies, which were acquired while calculating activation energies at the MP2 level of theory, correlate with second‐order kinetic rate data and are therefore usable for reactivity predictions of cyclooctynes towards azides. Using this correlation, we developed a simple theoretical tool that can be used to predict the reaction kinetics of (novel) cyclooctynes for SPAAC reactions.
Expansion of a Pyrrole in meso‐Tetra­phenylporphyrin to a Pyrazine Imide Moiety­ Using a Beckmann Rearrangement
Authors: Akhigbe Joshua , Brückner Christian 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe group 10 metal complexes of β,β′‐dioxoporphyrin monooxime 10M (M = NiII, PdII, PtII) are susceptible to a Beckmann rearrangement to produce the corresponding ring‐expanded metallopyrazinoporphyrin imides 11M in good yields. These chromophores possess metallochlorin‐like optical properties. Demetalation of the NiII complex furnishes the free‐base porphyrinoid 11, which possesses a porphyrin‐like optical spectrum. The monooximes are ultimately derived from meso‐tetraphenylporphyrin, and the formal replacement of the porphyrin β,β′‐double bond by an imide functionality is thus demonstrated. The imide functionality serves as a synthetic handle for further modification of the chromophore.
Synthesis of Azaheterocyclic Vinylphosphonates by Ring‐Closing Metathesis
Authors: Garzon Cécile , Attolini Mireille , Maffei Michel 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe title compounds were synthesized by ruthenium‐catalyzed ring‐closing metathesis of N‐tosyl‐N‐(ω‐alkenyl)aminomethylvinyl phosphonates, which were obtained from N‐(ω‐alkenyl)‐N‐tosylamides. These compounds, in turn, were prepared from unsaturated alcohols through the Mitsunobu reaction. This methodology gives access to five‐ and six‐membered ring compounds. Additionally, chiral phosphonates can be obtained easily.
Multiple Genetic Variant Association Testing by Collapsing and Kernel Methods With Pedigree or Population Structured Data
Authors: Schaid Daniel J. , McDonnell Shannon K. , Sinnwell Jason P. , Thibodeau Stephen N. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTSearching for rare genetic variants associated with complex diseases can be facilitated by enriching for diseased carriers of rare variants by sampling cases from pedigrees enriched for disease, possibly with related or unrelated controls. This strategy, however, complicates analyses because of shared genetic ancestry, as well as linkage disequilibrium among genetic markers. To overcome these problems, we developed broad classes of “burden” statistics and kernel statistics, extending commonly used methods for unrelated case‐control data to allow for known pedigree relationships, for autosomes and the X chromosome. Furthermore, by replacing pedigree‐based genetic correlation matrices with estimates of genetic relationships based on large‐scale genomic data, our methods can be used to account for population‐structured data. By simulations, we show that the type I error rates of our developed methods are near the asymptotic nominal levels, allowing rapid computation of P‐values. Our simulations also show that a linear weighted kernel statistic is generally more powerful than a weighted “burden” statistic. Because the proposed statistics are rapid to compute, they can be readily used for large‐scale screening of the association of genomic sequence data with disease status.
A Genome‐Wide Association Study for Venous Thromboembolism: The Extended Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium
Authors: Tang Weihong , Teichert Martina , Chasman Daniel I. , Heit John A. , Morange Pierre‐Emmanuel , Li Guo , Pankratz Nathan , Leebeek Frank W. , Paré Guillaume , de Andrade Mariza , Tzourio Christophe , Psaty Bruce M. , Basu Saonli , Ruiter Rikje , Rose Lynda , Armasu Sebastian M. , Lumley Thomas , Heckbert Susan R. , Uitterlinden André G. , Lathrop Mark , Rice Kenneth M. , Cushman Mary , Hofman Albert , Lambert Jean‐Charles , Glazer Nicole L. , Pankow James S. , Witteman Jacqueline C. , Amouyel Philippe , Bis Joshua C. , Bovill Edwin G. , Kong Xiaoxiao , Tracy Russell P. , Boerwinkle Eric , Rotter Jerome I. , Trégouët David‐Alexandre , Loth Daan W. , Stricker Bruno H. Ch. , Ridker Paul M. , Folsom Aaron R. , Smith Nicholas L. 
Published: May 2013

ABSTRACTVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common, heritable disease resulting in high rates of hospitalization and mortality. Yet few associations between VTE and genetic variants, all in the coagulation pathway, have been established. To identify additional genetic determinants of VTE, we conducted a two‐stage genome‐wide association study (GWAS) among individuals of European ancestry in the extended cohorts for heart and aging research in genomic epidemiology (CHARGE) VTE consortium. The discovery GWAS comprised 1,618 incident VTE cases out of 44,499 participants from six community‐based studies. Genotypes for genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were imputed to approximately 2.5 million SNPs in HapMap and association with VTE assessed using study‐design appropriate regression methods. Meta‐analysis of these results identified two known loci, in F5 and ABO. Top 1,047 tag SNPs (P ≤ 0.0016) from the discovery GWAS were tested for association in an additional 3,231 cases and 3,536 controls from three case‐control studies. In the combined data from these two stages, additional genome‐wide significant associations were observed on 4q35 at F11 (top SNP rs4253399, intronic to F11) and on 4q28 at FGG (rs6536024, 9.7 kb from FGG; P < 5.0 × 10−13 for both). The associations at the FGG locus were not completely explained by previously reported variants. Loci at or near SUSD1 and OTUD7A showed borderline yet novel associations (P < 5.0 × 10−6) and constitute new candidate genes. In conclusion, this large GWAS replicated key genetic associations in F5 and ABO, and confirmed the importance of F11 and FGG loci for VTE. Future studies are warranted to better characterize the associations with F11 and FGG and to replicate the new candidate associations.
Free fatty acid effects on myokine production in combination with exercise mimetics
Authors: Sánchez Juana , Nozhenko Yuriy , Palou Andreu , Rodríguez Ana M. 
Published: May 2013

ScopeWe aimed to study the effects of free fatty acids (FFAs) alone and combined with the exercise mimetics adrenaline and 5‐aminoimidazole‐4‐carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) in the production of IL6, IL15 and Irisin in muscle cells, using a time‐sequential model.Methods and resultsDifferentiated C2C12 myotubes were treated with FFA, adrenaline or AICAR alone for 0, 1, 3, 8, 12 and 24 h and with double or triple combinations for 0, 3 and 24 h. Levels of mRNA in cells and protein in the medium were measured. Adrenaline, AICAR and FFA showed no significant effects on Irisin expression, while the presence in the culture of adrenaline and/or AICAR decreased IL15 mRNA expression. On contrary, the three signals showed a deep, rapid impact on the IL6 induction, especially when both AICAR and FFA were present.ConclusionThe different response in IL6 versus IL15 regulation may be explained by their different energy‐activating versus muscle‐cell‐hypertrophy suggested roles, considering that adrenaline and AMPK are involved in the activation of energy‐generating pathways. Moreover, the results suggest FFAs are components that may regulate IL6 production and may have a role in muscle‐adipose tissue crosstalk.
An L‐shaped nanoprobe for scanning electrochemical microscopy–atomic force microscopy
Authors: Lee Eunjoo , Kim Minseo , Seong Jungwoo , Shin Heungjoo , Lim Geunbae 
Published: May 2013

AbstractWe present an L‐shaped nanoprobe for scanning electrochemical microscopy–atomic force microscopy (SECM–AFM) capable of imaging the surface topography and the electrochemical activity of nanostructures of interest. Owing to the geometry of the protrusive peak in the L‐shaped probe, the distance between the probe electrode and the substrate is maintained precisely at ∼100 nm during surface scanning. The reduction in electrode‐to‐substrate distance significantly improves the positive feedback current on top of the electrochemically active nanomaterials. The L‐shaped nanoprobe successfully acquired simultaneous a topographical image and an electrochemical current image of individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a two‐dimensional (2D) CNT network.magnified imageSchematic diagram of an L‐shaped nanoprobe for SECM–AFM: the nanoprobe has a triangular frame nanoelectrode and a protrusive insulating peak at the end of the AFM tip.(© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Enhanced Intercalation Dynamics and Stability of Engineered Micro/Nano‐Structured Electrode Materials: Vanadium Oxide Mesocrystals
Authors: Uchaker Evan , Gu Meng , Zhou Nan , Li Yanwei , Wang Chongmin , Cao Guozhong 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAn additive and template free process is developed for the facile synthesis of VO2(B) mesocrystals via the solvothermal reaction of oxalic acid and vanadium pentoxide. The six‐armed star architectures are composed of stacked nanosheets homoepitaxially oriented along the [100] crystallographic register with respect to one another, as confirmed by means of selected area electron diffraction and electron microscopy. It is proposed that the mesocrystal formation mechanism proceeds through classical as well as non‐classical crystallization processes, and is possibly facilitated or promoted by the presence of a reducing/chelating agent. The synthesized VO2(B) mesocrystals are tested as a cathodic electrode material for lithium‐ion batteries, and show good capacity at discharge rates ranging from 150–1500 mA g−1 and a cyclic stability of 195 mA h g−1 over fifty cycles. The superb electrochemical performance of the VO2(B) mesocrystals is attributed to the porous and oriented superstructure that ensures large surface area for redox reaction and short diffusion distances. The mesocrystalline structure ensures that all the surfaces are in intimate contact with the electrolyte, and that lithium‐ion intercalation occurs uniformly throughout the entire electrode. The exposed (100) facets also lead to fast lithium intercalation, and the homoepitaxial stacking of nanosheets offers a strong inner‐sheet binding force that leads to better accommodation of the strain induced during cycling, thus circumventing the capacity fading issues typically associated with VO2(B) electrodes.
Magneto‐Controllable Capture and Release of Cancer Cells by Using a Micropillar Device Decorated with Graphite Oxide‐Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Yu Xiaolei , He Rongxiang , Li Shasha , Cai Bo , Zhao Libo , Liao Lei , Liu Wei , Zeng Qian , Wang Hao , Guo Shi‐Shang , Zhao Xing‐Zhong 
Published: May 2013

AbstractAiming to highly efficient capture and analysis of circulating tumor cells, a micropillar device decorated with graphite oxide‐coated magnetic nanoparticles is developed for magneto‐controllable capture and release of cancer cells. Graphite oxide‐coated, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are synthesized by solution mixing and functionalized with a specific antibody, following by the immobilization of such modified MNPs on our designed micropillar device. For the proof‐of‐concept study, a HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line is employed to exam the capture efficiency. Under magnetic field manipulation, the high density packing of antibody‐modified MNPs on the micropillars increases the local concentration of antibody, as well as the topographic interactions between cancer cells and micropillar surfaces. The flow rate and the micropillar geometry are optimized by studying their effects on capture efficiency. Then, a different number of HCT116 cells spiked in two kinds of cell suspension are investigated, yielding capture efficiency >70% in culture medium and >40% in blood sample, respectively. Moreover, the captured HCT116 cells are able to be released from the micropillars with a saturated efficiency of 92.9% upon the removal of applied magnetic field and it is found that 78% of the released cancer cells are viable, making them suitable for subsequent biological analysis.
The effect of environmental factors on infection of blueberry fruit by Colletotrichum acutatum
Authors: Miles T. D. , Gillett J. M. , Jarosz A. M. , Schilder A. M. C. 
Published: May 2013

Anthracnose fruit rot of blueberries caused by Colletotrichum acutatum is a serious problem in humid blueberry‐growing regions of North America. In order to develop a disease prediction model, environmental factors that affect mycelial growth, conidial germination, appressorium formation and fruit infection by C. acutatum were investigated. Variables included temperature, wetness duration, wetness interruption and relative humidity. The optimal temperature for mycelial growth was 26°C, and little or no growth was observed at 5 and 35°C. The development of melanized appressoria was studied on Parafilm‐covered glass slides and infection was evaluated in immature and mature blueberry fruits. In all three assays, the optimal temperature for infection was identified as 25°C, and infections increased up to a wetness duration of 48 h. Three‐dimensional Gaussian equations were used to assess the effect of temperature and wetness duration on the development of melanized appressoria (R2 = 0·89) on Parafilm‐covered glass slides and on infection incidence in immature (R2 = 0·86) and mature (R2 = 0·90) blueberry fruits. Interrupted wetness periods of different durations were investigated and models were fitted to the response of melanized appressoria (R2 = 0·95) and infection incidence in immature (R2 = 0·90) and mature (R2 = 0·78) blueberry fruits. Additionally, the development of melanized appressoria and fruit infection incidence were modelled in relation to relative humidity (R2 = 0·99 and 0·97, respectively). Three comprehensive equations were then developed that incorporate the aforementioned variables. The results lay the groundwork for a disease prediction model for anthracnose fruit rot in blueberries.