bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONAMA E CÓDIGO FLORESTAL: JURISPRUDÊNCIA AO LEGISLAR CONCORRENTEMENTE.
Authors: Otávio Moras Filho Luiz , Luísa Alves Cabral Ana , Antônio Coimbra Borges Luís 
Published: February 2015

Resumo: O objetivo desse trabalho é estudar a competência legislativa em matéria ambiental, especialmente sobre os frequentes conflitos entre as resoluções do CONAMA (Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente) e o Código Florestal (Mineiro - Lei nº 14.309/2002 e Federal - Lei nº 12.651/2012). Nesse contexto, também é necessário apresentar toda a hierarquia de leis no país e explicar o funcionamento do regime de competências, com foco na legislação concorrente. Como resultado, o trabalho apresenta o que a jurisprudência decide ao analisar esses conflitos normativos, através de estudos de caso envolvendo processos jurídicos onde ocorreram esses embates, onde se sustenta a prevalência da norma mais protetiva ao meio ambiente. Palavras-chave: Competência Legislativa. Conflito Normativo. Legislar Concorrentemente.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DOS RECURSOS HÍDRICOS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA AGRICULTURA IRRIGADA
Authors: Ferrari Putti Fernando , Fernando Cataneo Pedro , Pires Cremasco Gabriel Camila , Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho Luís 
Published: February 2015

RESUMO: O aumento da população vem demandando o aumento na produção de alimentos, em que a inserção de tecnologias no campo já alcança deste o pequeno produtor rural até os grandes latifundiários, e uma tecnologia que se destaca é a irrigação. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi realizar uma revisão sobre as politicas publicas dos recursos hídricos na irrigação. Em que são diversos órgãos públicos que gerenciam o uso de água pela agricultura, e vem destacando o estudo para se calcular a questão de água virtual exportada pelos países e suas consequências. Palavras-chave: Sustentabilidade. Energia. Biocombustíveis. Políticas públicas
A BARRAGEM CAJARANA NO CONTEXTO AGRÁRIO E URBANO NO DISTRITO DE SÃO PEDRO GARANHUNS-PE
Authors: Vilela de Morais Lídia , Betânia M. Amador Maria 
Published: February 2015

Resumo: O Distrito de São Pedro, onde se localiza a Barragem Cajarana, está inserido na Microrregião de Garanhuns e Mesorregião do Agreste Pernambucano, região Nordeste do Brasil. O semiárido do Nordeste caracteriza-se por sua cobertura vegetal rasteira denominada caatinga, por apresentar embasamento cristalino predominante, solos agrícolas geralmente rasos e evapotranspiração acima de 2000 mm, além de evidenciar um intenso déficit de recursos hídricos, principalmente em se tratando de água potável. A noção pragmática de semiárido tem sido a região onde acontecem as secas prolongadas que vai desde a falta de precipitação e deficiência de umidade no solo agrícola, quebra de produção agropecuária entre outros. Tomando-se por base esse contexto, deve-se ressaltar que a Barragem Cajarana tem sido desde 1990 a única fonte de abastecimento da Comunidade de São Pedro. Deve-se salientar que a mesma tem gerado fontes de renda para alguns moradores do Distrito que trabalham em atividades desenvolvidas no seu entorno. Existe um padrão da qualidade da água para o consumo das comunidades humanas, pode-se então constatar que o homem sempre teve a preocupação em relação à água que bebe, devendo a mesma ser cristalina e transparente. O objetivo principal desse trabalho é oferecer elementos que sirvam a reflexão da situação atual do referido espaço. Constata-se que a região enfrenta uma grande escassez devido às condições climáticas - geográficas e a falta de educação ambiental é um fator que só agrava a situação. O descaso com a Barragem Cajarana tem sido uma fonte crescente de problemas sócio-econômicos e ambientais, impedindo o uso e consumo de suas águas de uma forma saudável pelos indivíduos que necessitam dessas águas para sua sobrevivência. Visto que o recurso hídrico citado encontra-se com suas águas em desacordo com o padrão exigido pelo CONAMA (Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente). O teor de salinidade é altíssimo, o que dificulta o consumo das comunidades humanas. Visto que devido a análise química d’ água percebe-se que os sais aumentam por meio do processo de carreamento de sedimentos de sais para dentro da barragem. É imprescindível um estudo acerca da formação dos solos no entorno da Barragem para verificar se teor de salinidade provém dos solos ou das substâncias que são usadas no tratamento dessas águas. Nesse trabalho apresento características e aspectos socioambientais para tornar público à necessidade de preservação dos recursos naturais. A metodologia utilizada pautou-se em pesquisa bibliográfica, sobre temas como uso e preservação dos recursos naturais, além visitas a campo, onde foi aplicados questionários, registro fotográfico da área estudada, buscaram-se também análises químicas de alguns parâmetros da água para uma melhor compreensão de sua qualidade. Palavras- chave: Represa Cajarana. Sócio ambiental. São Pedro. Solo.
Geochemical Interpretation of Low-Salinity-Water Injection in Carbonate Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Al-Shalabi Emad W. , Sepehrnoori Kamy , Pope Gary 
Published: February 2015

Summary
The advantages of using the low-salinity-water-injection (LSWI) technique to improve oil recovery in carbonates are reported in the literature; however, the mechanism behind it is still uncertain. This paper represents a comparison between two geochemical simulators [UTCHEM (UTCHEM manual, 2000) and PHREEQC (Parkhurst and Appelo 2013)] through modeling fluid- and solid-species concentrations of a recently published LSWI coreflood. Moreover, an attempt to interpret the mechanism controlling the LSWI effect on oil recovery from carbonates is presented on the basis of the findings of this work. The LSWI technique is case-dependent, and hence, the findings cannot be generalized.
Well-Integrity Evaluation for Methane-Hydrate Production in the Deepwater Nankai Trough
Authors: Qiu Kaibin , Yamamoto Koji , Birchwood Richard , Chen Yingru 
Published: February 2015

Summary
Large accumulations of methane hydrates are known to exist in the deepwater Nankai Trough off the southern coast of Japan. Because of its enormous potential as an energy source, there is growing interest in the production of methane gas from these deposits. An offshore production test was scheduled to test the technological viability to produce the methane hydrate with a depressurization method. However, methane-hydrate production may cause large amounts of compaction and subsidence, which can damage well integrity and cause loss of zonal isolation in the overburden. This condition could provide potential leakage pathways for methane gas to the surface and endanger offshore operations.
The paper presents a study in which well integrity was evaluated for a methane-hydrate-production test well in the Nankai Trough. In this study, a new work flow was proposed and applied to honor both fieldwide formation heterogeneity and near-wellbore geometry. The geomechanics properties were determined through integration of seismic inversion data, log data, and core data from the Nankai Trough. Interface elements were installed between the casing and cement and the cement and formation to evaluate the impact of cement-bond quality on the well integrity. The numerical simulation was conducted through coupling of the simulation results produced by a methane-hydrate production simulator from a third party with a 3D finite-element geomechanics simulator.
The study predicted the occurrence of 2 cm of subsidence on the seafloor generated by approximately 1.5% of reservoir compaction for a production test of 20 days. Over this period, casing would yield with a plastic strain of approximately 1%. Most findings indicated a low risk in the loss of zonal isolation that is consistent with the results of the production test conducted in March 2013.
This simulation evaluated potential risks related to well integrity, and provided critical information for the preparation and execution of the pioneering offshore methane-hydrate production test in the Nankai Trough.
Le développement industriel des pays andins. Réalités et difficultés (The industrial development of andin countries. Realities and difficulties)
Authors: Collin Delavaud Anne 
Published: February 2015

Resumen. - Los parses andinos han conocido a partir de la decada de los 70 un desarrollo industrial sin precedente. Cada pais de esta región a intentado de recuperar su retrazo, sobre todo en lo que concierne el fomento y la infrastructura básica. Asi se ha construido numéros as represas de irrigacion y de centrales hydroelectricas, unas refinerias de petroleo y redes de oleoductos, carreteras, aeropuertos regionales y aun locales, terminales maritimos y puertos fluviales en Amazonia.
En el marco del Grupo Andino, esos paises han experimentado unas formas originales de integracion. Unos programas de desarrollo industrial fueron inaugurados en los sectores siderurgicos, petrochimicos y particularmente automobiles, aún con los paises los menos industrializados como Bolivia y Ecuador. Pero a un esfuerzo real en el principio de los anos 70 ha contestado el duro choque de la crisis mundial. Sin parar la corriente legislativa integracionista, la recesion a demorado todos los programas industriales por falta de inversiones. Actualmente, las grandes ambiciones del Pacto Andino son abandonadas, pero el Grupo Andino persevera hacia una integraciõn de proyectos regionales y locales mucho más pequeños pero mas adaptados y realistas. Se puede notar que sin Venezuela y el norte de Colombia, los paises del Grupo Andino no fueron realmente concernados por la nueva distribución industrial mundial.
Ventilation/perfusion SPECT/CT in patients with pulmonary emphysema
Authors: Schreiter V. , Steffen I. , Huebner H. , Bredow J. , Heimann U. , Kroencke T. J. , Poellinger A. , Doellinger F. , Buchert R. , Hamm B. , Brenner W. , Schreiter N. F. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of a new software based analysing system for ventilation/perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography/ computed tomography (V/P SPECT/CT) in patients with pulmonary emphysema and to compare it to the visual interpretation. Patients, material and methods: 19 patients (mean age: 68.1 years) with pulmonary emphysema who underwent V/P SPECT/CT were included. Data were analysed by two independent observers in visual interpretation (VI) and by software based analysis system (SBAS). SBAS PMOD version 3.4 (Technologies Ltd, Zurich, Switzerland) was used to assess counts and volume per lung lobe/per lung and to calculate the count density per lung, lobe ratio of counts and ratio of count density. VI was performed using a visual scale to assess the mean counts per lung lobe. Interobserver variability and association for SBAS and VI were analysed using Spearman's rho correlation coefficient. Results: Interobserver agreement correlated highly in perfusion (rho: 0.982, 0.957, 0.90, 0.979) and ventilation (rho: 0.972, 0.924, 0.941, 0.936) for count/count density per lobe and ratio of counts/count density in SBAS. Interobserver agreement correlated clearly for perfusion (rho: 0.655) and weakly for ventilation (rho: 0.458) in VI. Conclusions: SBAS provides more reproducible measures than VI for the relative tracer uptake in V/P SPECT/CTs in patients with pulmonary emphysema. However, SBAS has to be improved for routine clinical use.
Sustained Remission in Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor–treated Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Einarsson Jon Thorkell , Geborek Pierre , Saxne Tore , Kapetanovic Meliha C. 
Published: February 2015

Objective.To study frequency, possible baseline predictors, timing, and duration of sustained remission [SR; defined as 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) < 2.6 for at least 6 mos] in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with different tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors [etanercept (ETN), infliximab (IFX), adalimumab (ADA)]. In addition, the aim was to compare (head-to-head) the effectiveness of individual drugs in patients receiving their first anti-TNF treatment.Methods.All anti-TNF–treated patients with RA included in the observational South Swedish Arthritis Group register were eligible. We identified the patients’ first SR periods (time between first visit after treatment initiation with DAS28 < 2.6 and subsequent visit with DAS28 ≥ 2.6). Baseline predictors of SR in biologic-naive patients were studied using multivariate regression models. Remission duration and timing of remission start was estimated with Kaplan-Meier curves.Results.Of the 2416 patients included, 382 (15.8%) fulfilled the criteria for SR. Median estimated duration of SR was 5.25 years. Predictors for SR were male sex, low Health Assessment Questionnaire, low DAS28, methotrexate (MTX) treatment, and the calendar year of treatment start. OR for achieving SR within the first 12 months of treatment were 1.86 for ETN (95% CI 1.33–2.61) compared to IFX. HR for 4 years of SR were 1.32 for ETN (95% CI 1.01–1.74) and 1.84 for ADA (95% CI 1.23–2.78), with IFX as the reference drug.Conclusion.SR was uncommon in patients with RA treated with anti-TNF in clinical practice. However, patients remained in SR for a substantial period of time. Concomitant MTX treatment predicts remission. ETN and ADA were more likely in reaching SR.
2014 Update of the Canadian Rheumatology Association/Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada Treatment Recommendations for the Management of Spondyloarthritis. Part I: Principles of the Management of Spondyloarthritis in Canada
Authors: Rohekar Sherry , Chan Jon , Tse Shirley M.L. , Haroon Nigil , Chandran Vinod , Bessette Louis , Mosher Dianne , Flanagan Cathy , Keen Kevin J. , Adams Karen , Mallinson Michael , Thorne Carter , Rahman Proton , Gladman Dafna D. , Inman Robert D. 
Published: February 2015

Objective.The Canadian Rheumatology Association (CRA) and the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) have collaborated to update the recommendations for the management of spondyloarthritis (SpA).Methods.A working group was assembled and consisted of the SPARCC executive committee, rheumatologist leaders from SPARCC collaborating sites, Canadian rheumatologists from across the country with an interest in SpA (both academic and community), a rheumatology trainee with an interest in SpA, an epidemiologist/health services researcher, a member of the CRA executive, a member of the CRA therapeutics committee, and a patient representative from the Canadian Spondylitis Association. An extensive review was conducted of literature published from 2007 to 2014 involving the management of SpA. The working group created draft recommendations using multiple rounds of Web-based surveys and an in-person conference. A survey was sent to the membership of the CRA to obtain an extended review that was used to finalize the recommendations.Results.Guidelines for the management of SpA were created. Part I focuses on the principles of management of SpA in Canada and includes 6 general management principles, 5 ethical considerations, target groups for treatment recommendations, 2 wait time recommendations, and recommendations for disease monitoring. Also included are 6 modifications for application to juvenile SpA.Conclusion.These recommendations were developed based on current literature and applied to a Canadian healthcare context. It is hoped that the implementation of these recommendations will promote best practices in the treatment of SpA.
Remission in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Working Toward Incorporation of the Patient Perspective at OMERACT 12
Authors: van Tuyl Lilian H. , Sadlonova Martina , Davis Bev , Flurey Caroline , Goel Niti , Hewlett Sarah E. , Hill Catherine L. , Hoogland Wijnanda , Kirwan John R. , van Schaardenburg Dirkjan , Scholte-Voshaar Marieke , Smolen Josef S. , Stamm Tanja , Wells George A. , Boers Maarten 
Published: February 2015

Objective.The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) should target patient-relevant outcomes, making patient perspective on remission essential. In 2010, patients, physicians, health professionals, and researchers at the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) conference developed an ambitious research agenda to study the concept of remission. Qualitative research has since helped us understand the concept of remission from the patient perspective.Methods.During OMERACT 12, the OMERACT working group on patient perspective on remission in RA elaborated on data generated to date and discussed the methodological challenges ahead. Challenges included (1) selection of domains, (2) choice of a patient remission definition or a single domain to add to the current remission definition, and (3) the importance of pain in defining remission from a patient perspective.Results.Focus in the coming years will be on increasing our understanding by identifying the most important domains from the patient perspective regarding remission and investigating how these domains can be measured. Investigation into the Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact of Disease questionnaire, disease flare, as well as the concordance of domains from our ongoing remission survey is appropriate. More data and further discussions are needed to decide on the next steps.Conclusion.Progress summarized over 4 years highlights the main methodological challenges discussed within the working group on patient perspective on remission in RA during OMERACT 12.
Silica Extraction from Rice Husk by Warm Water Pretreatment
Authors: Hassan Nur Syakilla , Haji Badri Khairiah , Lim Li Shen 
Published: February 2015

Rice husk (RH) has high content of silica. In this study, the extraction of silica from rice husk while maintaining the organics was carried out by warm water pre-treatment followed by alkaline hydrolysis. RH powder was treated with water at 50oC and 100oC prior to treatment with 1 M of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution at 50oC. The filtrate from the alkaline hydrolysis was then further reacted with 1 M of hydrochloric acid (HCl) for silica extraction. The samples obtained after each stage of the treatments were carefully characterized and their chemical compositions were determined. The morphology of the untreated and treated RH powder was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Estimation on the silica content was made by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). The functional group present in untreated and treated RH were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The percentage of silica extracted from ΔH2O/NaOH-RH filtrate was higher (18.9%) than from H2O/NaOH-RH filtrate (12.6%). FTIR spectroscopy data indicated the disappearance of siloxane group when RH was treated with hot water and warm water followed by alkaline hydrolysis. The selected extraction method has successfully recovered silica at high yield but at the same time maintaining the organic compounds in the rice husk.
Mapping Splicing Quantitative Trait Loci in RNA-Seq
Authors: Jia Cheng , Hu Yu , Liu Yichuan , Li Mingyao 
Published: February 2015

Background One of the major mechanisms of generating mRNA diversity is alternative splicing, a regulated process that allows for the flexibility of producing functionally different proteins from the same genomic sequences. This process is often altered in cancer cells to produce aberrant proteins that drive the progression of cancer. A better understanding of the misregulation of alternative splicing will shed light on the development of novel targets for pharmacological interventions of cancer. Methods In this study, we evaluated three statistical methods, random effects meta-regression, beta regression, and generalized linear mixed effects model, for the analysis of splicing quantitative trait loci (sQTL) using RNA-Seq data. All the three methods use exon-inclusion levels estimated by the PennSeq algorithm, a statistical method that utilizes paired-end reads and accounts for non-uniform sequencing coverage. Results Using both simulated and real RNA-Seq datasets, we compared these three methods with GLiMMPS, a recently developed method for sQTL analysis. Our results indicate that the most reliable and powerful method was the random effects meta-regression approach, which identified sQTLs at low false discovery rates but higher power when compared to GLiMMPS. Conclusions We have evaluated three statistical methods for the analysis of sQTLs in RNA-Seq. Results from our study will be instructive for researchers in selecting the appropriate statistical methods for sQTL analysis.
Radio y redes sociales: el caso de los programas deportivos en Twitter
Authors: Pérez Dasilva Jesús Ángel , Santos María Teresa , Meso Ayerdi Koldobika 
Published: February 2015

Esta investigación analiza las cuentas en la red de microblogging de los programas deportivos estrella de la radio. Este tipo de periodismo se sirve de esta herramienta para aumentar su visibilidad y destaca por la influencia y repercusión que obtienen sus mensajes en la red. Metodología. Se han analizado los 3.200 mensajes más recientes en cada una de las cuentas de los programas deportivos radiofónicos más escuchados mediante una ficha de análisis que contiene 20 indicadores agrupados en potencial de influencia, actividad, interacción y reacciones generadas en los usuarios. Conclusiones. Queda demostrada la repercusión que tienen sus mensajes en la red social. La tasa de amplificación se sitúa entre el 50 y el 80% y la tasa de gratificación entre el 40 y el 85%. Esto indica que son espacios muy influyentes con gran capacidad de prescripción debido al interés que despierta el deporte y todo lo que le rodea.
Occurrence of Macular Hematoma after Ranibizumab Treatment for Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Azar Georges , Mauget-Faÿsse Martine , Nyouma Jasmine , Cohen Salomon Yves , Coscas Florence , Français-Maury Catherine , Souied Eric , Soubrane Gisèle 
Published: February 2015

Purpose To report the occurrence and study the characteristics of macular hematoma after ranibizumab (anti-VEGF) intravitreal injection for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods The charts of 6000 patients treated with ranibizumab (0.5 mg) for exudative AMD were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were a minimum follow-up of 1 year after the first injection and the occurrence of a large macular hematoma involving the fovea in patients with macular lesions considered stabilized or still active. All patients had a complete ophthalmologic assessment including Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study visual acuity (VA) measurement, fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiography, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy–infracyanine green angiography, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Results Of the 6000 eyes, 24 (0.4%) developed macular hematoma during follow-up. There were 8 men (33.3%) and 16 women (66.7%). The mean age at the time of initial presentation was 76.7 ± 3.8 years (range 61-81 years). The mean time to occurrence of macular hematoma after the last injection was 4.8 months. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography showed the presence of a retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tear in 19 eyes (79.1%). Vitreomacular traction (VMT) was only present in 4 eyes (17%). Final VA after macular hematoma resorption was <20/50 in 17 cases (70.9%) and ≥20/50 in 7 cases (29.1%). Conclusions Macular hematoma may follow intravitreal anti-VEGF injection for exudative AMD with large occult neovascularization, especially if a large RPE tear is found. The occurrence does not seem to be linked to anticoagulation treatment or the presence of VMT.