bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distal Humeral Hemiarthroplasty: Indications, Results, and Complications. A Systematic Review
Authors: Dunn John , Kusnezov Nicholas , Pirela-Cruz Miguel 
Published: October 2014

Background Distal humeral hemiarthroplasty (DHH) is a treatment option for unreconstructable intra-articular distal humerus fractures. DHH may also be used in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis, orthopaedic tumor with significant bone loss, malunion, or osteomyelitis. DHH has specific advantages over other, more common, treatment modalities: total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). DHH is especially a reasonable option in younger patients to preserve bone stock, avoid significant weight restrictions, and limit loosening. Methods The literature was reviewed for all cases of DHH for fracture and non-fracture indications between 1947 and 2014. Two hundred thirty-six papers were identified; 4 studies including 17 patients met criteria for non-fracture indications and 13 studies including 116 patients were identified for fracture indications. A systematic review was generated; patient indications, outcomes, and complications were recorded. Results For non-fracture indications, good to excellent results were achieved in 76.5 % of patients with a mean arc of motion of 62° at mean follow up of 46.3 months. Half of the patients experienced a complication, most commonly stiffness. Loosening of the prosthesis was not noted in any patient. For fractures, good to excellent results were achieved in 67.4 % of patients with a mean arc of motion of 98.3° at a mean follow up of 42.2 months. One third of the patients experienced a complication but only 1.7 % experienced loosening of the prosthesis. Conclusion Here, we present the first review of the indications for DHH. DHH is a reasonable treatment option for older patients with unreconstructable intra-articular fractures of the distal humerus as well as younger patients with rheumatoid arthritis, orthopaedic tumor with significant bone loss, malunion, or osteomyelitis.
The “Thumbs-up” Sign and Trapeziometacarpal Joint Injection: A Useful Clinical Indicator
Authors: Erpelding Jason M. , Shnayderman Dimitryi , Mickschl Dara , Daley Roger A. , Grindel Steven I. 
Published: October 2014

Background Several clinical studies investigating the accuracy and efficacy of trapeziometacarpal injection exist. Some studies utilize anatomical landmarks for proper injection placement while others utilize modalities including ultrasound and fluoroscopy. The changes of limb position that occur at the time of intra-articular injection can provide valuable visual and tactile feedback to the clinician. The purpose of this study is to investigate the occurrence of the “Thumbs-up” sign with injection of the thumb trapeziometacarpal joint as a useful and reliable clinical indicator of intra-articular trapeziometacarpal injection and correlate level and duration of pain relief. Methods Trapeziometacarpal joint injections were performed on twenty-seven thumbs utilizing anatomic landmarks. At the time of injection, the presence or absence of the “Thumbs-up” sign was noted, and needle location was verified after injection with orthogonal mini-C arm fluoroscopic images. Visual analog pain scale scores were obtained pre-injection and by follow-up telephone calls at 1 week, 6 weeks, and 3 months post injection. Results Twenty-four of twenty-seven injections demonstrated a positive “Thumbs-up” sign. There were three negative “Thumbs-Up” injections. The thumbs-up sign demonstrated a 92.3 % sensitivity. Eighteen of twenty-seven thumbs had sustained relief at 3 months post injection. Conclusions The “Thumbs-up” sign is a practical clinical tool that gives the practitioner important visual feedback at the time of injection. Patient relaxation and joint compliance are limiting factors. The “Thumbs-up” sign is an inexpensive indicator of successful intra-articular injection and may obviate the need and expense of advanced imaging modalities at the time of injection.
Numerical Investigation of Influence of the Martensite Volume Fraction on DP Steels Fracture Behavior on the Basis of Digital Material Representation Model
Authors: Perzyński Konrad , Madej Łukasz , Wang Jinfeng , Kuziak Roman , Hodgson Peter D. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Development of the methodology for creating reliable digital material representation (DMR) models of dual-phase steels and investigation of influence of the martensite volume fraction on fracture behavior under tensile load are the main goals of the paper. First, an approach based on image processing algorithms for creating a DMR is described. Then, obtained digital microstructures are used as input for the numerical model of deformation, which takes into account mechanisms of ductile fracture. Ferrite and martensite material model parameters are evaluated on the basis of micropillar compression tests. Finally, the model is used to investigate the impact of the martensite volume fraction on the DP steel behavior under plastic deformation. Results of calculations are presented and discussed in the paper.
Rejection sensitivity and adolescents' perceptions of romantic interactions
Authors: Norona Jerika C. , Salvatore Joseph F. , Welsh Deborah P. , Darling Nancy 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTRejection sensitivity – the tendency to expect, perceive, and overreact to rejection by others – is linked with individuals' expectations that their romantic partners' behaviors have negative intent, even if, perhaps, such behaviors could be considered neutral when observed by another. The aim of the present study was to test this proposition, derived from rejection sensitivity theory, using a Video‐Recall Procedure with adolescent couples in the US (N = 386 adolescents, 50% girls). We examined whether adolescents who were more sensitive to rejection perceived their romantic partners' behaviors as more conflictual than when viewed by trained, third‐party observers. Findings suggest that, at the micro‐analytic level, higher rejection sensitivity is associated with adolescents' heightened perception of their romantic partners as conflictual when compared to observers, who more often coded the same behaviors as neutral rather than conflictual. Implications for adolescent mental health and well‐being are discussed.
Der ÖGD überwacht die Krankenhaushygiene
Authors: Höller Christiane 
Published: October 2014

Einleitung
Nosokomiale Infektionen stellen eine ernst zu nehmende Bedrohung für Patienten dar. Die Krankenhaushygiene ist in den letzten Jahren zunehmend in den allgemeinen Fokus gerückt und hat zu entsprechenden gesetzlichen Änderungen geführt. Die infektionshygienische Überwachung medizinischer Einrichtungen ist eine Kernaufgabe des Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes und dient dazu, den Patientenschutz zu verbessern.
Sozialmedizinische Begutachtung als Aufgabe des öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes
Authors: Lederer Peter 
Published: October 2014

Einleitung
Die sozialmedizinische Begutachtung ist eine gesetzliche geregelte Aufgabe des ÖGD. Die föderale und lokale Struktur des ÖGD mit unterschiedlicher Größe der Gesundheitsämter bedingt, dass Gutachten in kleineren Ämtern von „Generalisten“, in größeren von „Spezialisten“ erstellt werden.* In mehreren Bundesländer wurden zentrale medizinische Untersuchungsstellen eingerichtet, in denen die medizinischen Gutachten zu Fragen der Dienst(un)fähigkeit der jeweiligen Landesbeamtinnen und -beamten erstellt werden. Wesentlicher Grund für die Einrichtung solcher zentralisierter Gutachterdienste des ÖGD war ein möglichst einheitlicher Bewertungsmaßstab durch Spezialisierung. Staatliche und kommunale Auftraggeber setzen ihr Vertrauen in die Unabhängigkeit und Qualität der sozialmedizinischen Gutachten des öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes.
(*Anmerkung: Dieser Aspekt ist sinngemäß im Text enthalten)
Delusion proneness and ‘jumping to conclusions’: relative and absolute effects
Authors: van der Leer L. , Hartig B. , Goldmanis M. , McKay R. 
Published: October 2014

Background.That delusional and delusion-prone individuals ‘jump to conclusions’ is one of the most robust and important findings in the literature on delusions. However, although the notion of ‘jumping to conclusions’ (JTC) implies gathering insufficient evidence and reaching premature decisions, previous studies have not investigated whether the evidence gathering of delusion-prone individuals is, in fact, suboptimal. The standard JTC effect is a relative effect but using relative comparisons to substantiate absolute claims is problematic. In this study we investigated whether delusion-prone participants jump to conclusions in both a relative and an absolute sense.Method.Healthy participants (n = 112) completed an incentivized probabilistic reasoning task in which correct decisions were rewarded and additional information could be requested for a small price. This combination of rewards and costs generated optimal decision points. Participants also completed measures of delusion proneness, intelligence and risk aversion.Results.Replicating the standard relative finding, we found that delusion proneness significantly predicted task decisions, such that the more delusion prone the participants were, the earlier they decided. This finding was robust when accounting for the effects of risk aversion and intelligence. Importantly, high-delusion-prone participants also decided in advance of an objective rational optimum, gathering fewer data than would have maximized their expected payoff. Surprisingly, we found that even low-delusion-prone participants jumped to conclusions in this absolute sense.Conclusions.Our findings support and clarify the claim that delusion formation is associated with a tendency to ‘jump to conclusions’. In short, most people jump to conclusions, but more delusion-prone individuals ‘jump further’.
Arbeitsbezogene Ängste in Forschung und Praxis
Authors: Muschalla Beate 
Published: October 2014

Arbeitsplätze besitzen ihrer Natur nach zahlreiche potentiell angstauslösende oder angstverstärkende Charakteristika. Manifestieren sich arbeitsbezogene Ängste, können Absentismus und Langzeitarbeitsunfähigkeit bis hin zur Erwerbsunfähigkeit die Folgen sein. Bei Rehabilitanden findet man in 30 – 60 % der Fälle arbeitsbezogene Ängste, die die berufliche Wiedereingliederung erschweren. Aber auch bei psychisch gesunden Erwerbstätigen wurde bei 5 % der Beschäftigten eine arbeitsangstbedingte Neigung zur Krankschreibung gefunden. In der zukünftigen Forschung sollte arbeitsbezogenen Ängsten nicht erst in der Rehabilitation, sondern bereits präventiv am Arbeitsplatz selbst Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt werden. Das Konzept bietet Ansatzpunkte für psychische Gefährdungsanalysen, sowie Arbeitsplatzgestaltung und -passung.
Ubiquitin-proteasome system controls ciliogenesis at the initial step of axoneme extension
Authors: Kasahara Kousuke , Kawakami Yoshitaka , Kiyono Tohru , Yonemura Shigenobu , Kawamura Yoshifumi , Era Saho , Matsuzaki Fumio , Goshima Naoki , Inagaki Masaki 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPrimary cilia are microtubule-based sensory organelles that organize numerous key signals during developments and tissue homeostasis. Ciliary microtubule doublet, named axoneme, is grown directly from the distal end of mother centrioles through a multistep process upon cell cycle exit; however, the instructive signals that initiate these events are poorly understood. Here we show that ubiquitin-proteasome machinery removes trichoplein, a negative regulator of ciliogenesis, from mother centrioles and thereby causes Aurora-A inactivation, leading to ciliogenesis. Ciliogenesis is blocked if centriolar trichoplein is stabilized by treatment with proteasome inhibitors or by expression of non-ubiquitylatable trichoplein mutant (K50/57R). Started from two-stepped global E3 screening, we have identified KCTD17 as a substrate-adaptor for Cul3-RING E3 ligases (CRL3s) that polyubiquitylates trichoplein. Depletion of KCTD17 specifically arrests ciliogenesis at the initial step of axoneme extension through aberrant trichoplein-Aurora-A activity. Thus, CRL3-KCTD17 targets trichoplein to proteolysis to initiate the axoneme extension during ciliogenesis.
Mechanical properties of carbon nanotube/polymer composites
Authors: Arash B. , Wang Q. , Varadan V. K. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe remarkable mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes, such as high elastic modulus and tensile strength, make them the most ideal and promising reinforcements in substantially enhancing the mechanical properties of resulting polymer/carbon nanotube composites. It is acknowledged that the mechanical properties of the composites are significantly influenced by interfacial interactions between nanotubes and polymer matrices. The current challenge of the application of nanotubes in the composites is hence to determine the mechanical properties of the interfacial region, which is critical for improving and manufacturing the nanocomposites. In this work, a new method for evaluating the elastic properties of the interfacial region is developed by examining the fracture behavior of carbon nanotube reinforced poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix composites under tension using molecular dynamics simulations. The effects of the aspect ratio of carbon nanotube reinforcements on the elastic properties, i.e. Young's modulus and yield strength, of the interfacial region and the nanotube/polymer composites are investigated. The feasibility of a three-phase micromechanical model in predicting the elastic properties of the nanocomposites is also developed based on the understanding of the interfacial region.
Performance of oil palm frond gasification using medium‐scale downdraft gasification for electricity generation
Authors: Ariffin Muhammad Afif , Wan Mahmood Wan Mohd Faizal , Mohamed Ramizi , Mohd Nor Mohd Tusirin 
Published: October 2014

This paper focuses on the performance of Oil Palm Frond (OPF) gasification, using a medium‐scale downdraft gasification system with a reactor capacity of 500 kg of feedstock. The gasification process was carried out at standard operating conditions, with a feed rate of 158 kg/h and a reactor temperature range of 700–800°C. The performance of OPF gasification was evaluated by monitoring the composition of syngas components, the calorific value of the syngas, the syngas flow rate, and the gasification cold gas efficiency. The results show that the OPF gasification performance improves when the reactor temperature is increased. The syngas calorific value, syngas flow rate and gasification cold gas efficiency are in the range of 4.49–5.15 MJ/Nm3, 207–311 m3/hour, and 37–65% respectively. In terms of the syngas composition, CO, H2, CH4, and CO2, are in the ranges 16.29–17.62%, 10.56–10.83%, 5.96–7.40%, and 17.96–18.35% respectively. The best syngas characteristics were obtained at the highest temperature of 770°C. At this temperature and feed rate, and using typical gas engine with 30% efficiency, the electricity that can be generated is calculated to be 136 kWe. Due to its favourable performance, OPF gasification with this scale is a promising process for renewable power generation.
BioVLAB-MMIA-NGS: microRNA–mRNA integrated analysis using high-throughput sequencing data
Authors: Chae Heejoon , Rhee Sungmin , Nephew Kenneth P. , Kim Sun 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
Motivation: It is now well established that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in regulating gene expression in a sequence-specific manner, and genome-wide efforts are underway to predict known and novel miRNA targets. However, the integrated miRNA–mRNA analysis remains a major computational challenge, requiring powerful informatics systems and bioinformatics expertise.
Results: The objective of this study was to modify our widely recognized Web server for the integrated mRNA–miRNA analysis (MMIA) and its subsequent deployment on the Amazon cloud (BioVLAB-MMIA) to be compatible with high-throughput platforms, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) data (e.g. RNA-seq). We developed a new version called the BioVLAB-MMIA-NGS, deployed on both Amazon cloud and on a high-performance publicly available server called MAHA. By using NGS data and integrating various bioinformatics tools and databases, BioVLAB-MMIA-NGS offers several advantages. First, sequencing data is more accurate than array-based methods for determining miRNA expression levels. Second, potential novel miRNAs can be detected by using various computational methods for characterizing miRNAs. Third, because miRNA-mediated gene regulation is due to hybridization of an miRNA to its target mRNA, sequencing data can be used to identify many-to-many relationship between miRNAs and target genes with high accuracy.
Availability and implementation: http://epigenomics.snu.ac.kr/biovlab_mmia_ngs/
Contact: sunkim.bioinfo@snu.ac.kr , heechae@cs.indiana.edu
First Report of Catharanthus mosaic virus in Mandevilla in the United States
Authors: Mollov D. , Guaragna M. A. , Lockhart B. , Rezende J. A. M. , Jordan R. 
Published: October 2014

Mandevilla (Apocynaceae) is an ornamental tropical vine popular for its bright and attractive flowers. During 2012 to 2013, 12 Mandevilla sp. samples from Minnesota and Florida nurseries were submitted for analysis at the University of Minnesota Plant Disease Clinic. Plants showed mosaic symptoms, leaf deformation, premature leaf senescence, and vine dieback. Filamentous virus particles with modal lengths 700 to 900 nm were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in partially purified preparations from symptomatic leaves. Partially purified virions were obtained using 30% sucrose cushion centrifuged at 109,000 gmax for 2 h at 10°C (5). No other virus particles were observed in these samples, nor were any observed in non-symptomatic samples. One sample was submitted as potted plant (Mandevilla ‘Sunmandeho’ Sun Parasol Giant White) and was kept under greenhouse conditions for subsequent analyses. Total RNA (Qiagen) was extracted from this sample, and Potyvirus was detected using the universal primers Poty S (5′-GGN AAY AAY AGY GGN CAR CC-3′) and PV1 (5′-20(T)V-3′) (1) by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR (3). The amplified product was the expected ~1.7-kb, corresponding to the partial nuclear inclusion body gene, the coat protein (CP) gene, and the 3′ end untranslated region. The RT-PCR amplicon was cloned (NEB) and sequenced, and the 1,720-bp consensus sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. KM243928). NCBI BLAST analysis at the nucleotide level revealed highest identity (83%) with an isolate of Catharanthus mosaic virus (CatMV) from Brazil (Accession No. DQ365928). Pairwise analysis of the predicted 256 amino acid CP revealed 91% identity with the CatMV Brazilian isolate (ABI94824) and 68% or less identity with other potyviruses. Two potyviruses are usually considered the same species if their CP amino acid sequences are greater than 80% identical (2). Serological analysis of the infected sample Mandevilla ‘Sunmandeho’ Sun Parasol Giant White using a CatMV specific antiserum (4) resulted in positive indirect ELISA reactions. CatMV has been previously reported in periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) in Brazil (4). Based on the analyses by TEM, RT-PCR, nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities, and serological reactivity, we identify this virus as a U.S. Mandevilla isolate of CatMV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Catharanthus mosaic virus both in the United States and in Mandevilla. References: (1) J. Chen et al. Arch Virol. 146:757, 2001. (2) A. Gibbs and K. Ohshima. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 48:205, 2010. (3) R. L. Jordan et al. Acta Hortic. 901:159, 2011. (4) S. C. Maciell et al. Sci. Agric. Piracicaba, Brazil. 68:687, 2011. (5) D. Mollov et al. Arch Virol. 158:1917, 2013.
Importance of Toll-like Receptor 2 in Mitochondrial Dysfunction during Polymicrobial Sepsis
Authors: Gong Yu , Zou Lin , Feng Yan , Li Dan , Cai Jiayan , Chen Dunjin , Chao Wei 
Published: October 2014

Abstract

Background:
Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) contributes to sepsis pathogenesis such as deleterious systemic inflammation, cardiac dysfunction, and high mortality in animal studies. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key molecular event that is associated with organ injury in sepsis. The role of TLR2 in sepsis-induced mitochondrial dysfunction remains unclear.

Methods:
Intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), mitochondrial superoxide (O2
-), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were measured in peritoneal leukocytes. A mouse model of polymicrobial sepsis was generated by cecum ligation and puncture (CLP). Wild-type and TLR2-deficient (TLR2-/-) mice were subjected to sham or CLP. Mitochondrial functions including reactive oxygen species (ROS), ΔΨm, intracellular ATP, and complex III activity were measured.

Results:
TLR2/1 activation by Pam3Cys enhanced intracellular H2O2 and mitochondrial O2
- production in leukocytes, but had no effect on mitochondrial ΔΨm and ATP production. The effect was specific for TLR2/1 as TLR3 or TLR9 ligands did not induce ROS production. Polymicrobial sepsis induced mitochondrial dysfunction in leukocytes, as demonstrated by increased H2O2 and mitochondrial O2
- production (CLP vs. sham; H2O2: 3,173 ± 498, n = 5 vs. 557 ± 38, n = 4; O2
-: 707 ± 66, n = 35 vs. 485 ± 35, n = 17, mean fluorescence intensity, mean ± SEM), attenuated complex III activity (13 ± 2, n = 16 vs. 30 ± 3, n = 7, millioptical densities/min), loss of mitochondrial ΔΨm, and depletion of intracellular ATP (33 ± 6, n = 11 vs. 296 ± 29, n = 4, nmol/mg protein). In comparison, there was significant improvement in mitochondrial function in septic TLR2-/- mice as evidenced by attenuated mitochondrial ROS production, better-maintained mitochondrial ΔΨm, and higher cellular ATP production.

Conclusions:
TLR2 signaling plays a critical role in mediating mitochondrial dysfunction in peritoneal leukocytes during polymicrobial sepsis.
How Vacuolar Sorting Receptor Proteins Interact with Their Cargo Proteins: Crystal Structures of Apo and Cargo-Bound Forms of the Protease-Associated Domain from an Arabidopsis Vacuolar Sorting Receptor
Authors: Luo Fang , Fong Yu Hang , Zeng Yonglun , Shen Jinbo , Jiang Liwen , Wong Kam-Bo 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In plant cells, soluble proteins are directed to vacuoles because they contain vacuolar sorting determinants (VSDs) that are recognized by vacuolar sorting receptors (VSR). To understand how a VSR recognizes its cargo, we present the crystal structures of the protease-associated domain of VSR isoform 1 from Arabidopsis thaliana (VSR1PA) alone and complexed with a cognate peptide containing the barley (Hordeum vulgare) aleurain VSD sequence of 1ADSNPIRPVT10. The crystal structures show that VSR1PA binds the sequence, Ala-Asp-Ser, preceding the NPIR motif. A conserved cargo binding loop, with a consensus sequence of 95RGxCxF100, forms a cradle that accommodates the cargo-peptide. In particular, Arg-95 forms a hydrogen bond to the Ser-3 position of the VSD, and the essential role of Arg-95 and Ser-3 in receptor-cargo interaction was supported by a mutagenesis study. Cargo binding induces conformational changes that are propagated from the cargo binding loop to the C terminus via conserved residues in switch I-IV regions. The resulting 180° swivel motion of the C-terminal tail is stabilized by a hydrogen bond between Glu-24 and His-181. A mutagenesis study showed that these two residues are essential for cargo interaction and trafficking. Based on our structural and functional studies, we present a model of how VSRs recognize their cargos.