bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIV status, breastfeeding modality at 5 months and postpartum maternal weight changes over 24 months in rural South Africa
Authors: Chetty Terusha , Carter Rosalind J. , Bland Ruth M. , Newell Marie‐Louise 
Published: April 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of infant feeding practices on postpartum weight change among HIV‐infected and ‐uninfected women in South Africa.MethodsIn a non‐randomised intervention cohort study of antiretroviral therapy‐naïve women in South Africa, infants were classified as exclusive (EBF), mixed (MF) or non‐breastfed (NBF) at each visit. We analysed infant feeding cumulatively from birth to 5 months using 24‐hour feeding history (collected weekly for each of the preceding 7 days). Using generalised estimating equation mixed models, allowing for repeated measures, we compared postpartum weight change (kg) from the first maternal postpartum weight within the first 6 weeks (baseline weight) to each subsequent visit through 24 months among 2340 HIV‐infected and ‐uninfected women with live births and at least two postpartum weight measurements.ResultsHIV‐infected (−0.2 kg CI: −1.7 to 1.3 kg; P = 0.81) and ‐uninfected women (−0.5 kg; 95% CI: −2.1 to 1.2 kg; P = 0.58) had marginal non‐significant weight loss from baseline to 24 months postpartum. Adjusting for HIV status, socio‐demographic, pregnancy‐related and infant factors, 5‐month feeding modality was not significantly associated with postpartum weight change: weight change by 24 months postpartum, compared to the change in the reference EBF group, was 0.03 kg in NBF (95% CI: −2.5 to +2.5 kg; P = 0.90) and 0.1 kg in MF (95% CI: −3.0 to +3.2 kg; P = 0.78).ConclusionHIV‐infected and ‐uninfected women experienced similar weight loss over 24 months. Weight change postpartum was not associated with 5‐month breastfeeding modality among HIV‐infected and ‐uninfected women.
Localized demodicosis due to Demodex cati on the muzzle of two cats treated with inhalant glucocorticoids
Authors: Bizikova Petra 
Published: April 2014

BackgroundFeline demodicosis due to Demodex cati is a rare skin disease often associated with concurrent disease and generalized immunosuppression. Local immunosuppression due to the application of topical immunomodulatory drugs, such as glucocorticoids and tacrolimus, or by tumour cells has been suggested as a potential trigger for development of localized demodicosis in humans and animals.ObjectivesThe goal was to describe two cats with asthma that developed localized demodicosis on the muzzle as a result of chronic therapy with a glucocorticoid administered via dispensing inhaler mask.ResultsIn both cats, the muzzle area exposed to the fluticasone‐dispensing chamber exhibited patchy alopecia, mild erythema, crusting and scaling. Deep skin scraping revealed D. cati. Discontinuation or reduction of fluticasone and administration of milbemycin resulted in resolution of clinical signs within 2 months in both cats. A negative skin scrape was obtained after 7 months of milbemycin in one of the cats.Conclusions and clinical importanceDemodicosis should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis in cats with primary alopecia or other skin lesions on the face exposed to inhalant glucocorticoids. Minimization of contact between the inhalant glucocorticoid and the skin can be achieved by wiping residual powder from the face and by keeping the mask tightly pressed to the skin to avoid contact with the surrounding area.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Phaeomoniella chlamydospora
Strain RR-HG1, a Grapevine Trunk Disease (Esca)-Related Member of the Ascomycota
Authors: Antonielli Livio , Compant Stéphane , Strauss Joseph , Sessitsch Angela , Berger Harald 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT

The Ascomycota species
Phaeomoniella chlamydospora
, in concert with other fungi, is a causal agent for grapevine trunk diseases. Here, we present the first draft of the
P. chlamydospora
genome sequence, which comprises 355 scaffolds, with a total length of 26.59 Mb and 7,279 predicted protein-coding genes.
Complete Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus aureus Phage GRCS
Authors: Swift Steven M. , Nelson Daniel C. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT

The
Staphylococcus aureus
phage GRCS was isolated from a sewage treatment facility in India and has shown potential for phage therapy in a mouse model of bacteremia. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of this bacteriophage.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Magnetospirillum
sp. Strain SO-1, a Freshwater Magnetotactic Bacterium Isolated from the Ol'khovka River, Russia
Authors: Grouzdev Denis S. , Dziuba Marina V. , Sukhacheva Marina S. , Mardanov Andrey V. , Beletskiy Aleksey V. , Kuznetsov Boris B. , Skryabin Konstantin G. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the draft genome sequence of
Magnetospirillum
sp. strain SO-1, a freshwater magnetotactic spirillum isolated from the sediments of the Ol'khovka River, Russia.
Genome Sequence of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Strain B2C
Authors: Vipin Madhavan T. P. , Steen Jason A. , Hugenholtz Philip , Sakellaris Harry 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT

Enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
(ETEC) is a major cause of diarrheal disease around the globe, causing an estimated 380,000 deaths annually. The disease is caused by a wide variety of strains. Here, we report the genome sequence of ETEC strain B2C, which was isolated from an American soldier in Vietnam.
Complete Genome Sequences of a Cytopathic/Noncytopathic Pair of Border Disease Viruses
Authors: Neill John D. , Ridpath Julia F. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT
The complete genome sequences of a cytopathic/noncytopathic pair of border disease viruses (BDV) that were isolated from a sheep with mucosal disease-like lesions were determined. The cytopathic virus possessed an insert of 288 nucleotides that was derived from the Jiv cellular transcript and had 37 nucleotide differences from the noncytopathic virus.
Genome Sequence of the Aerobic Arsenate-Reducing Bacterium
Pantoea
sp. Strain IMH
Authors: Tian Haixia , Jing Chuanyong 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT

We here report the draft assembly for the genome of
Pantoea
sp. strain IMH, isolated from arsenic-contaminated soil in Inner Mongolia, China, with the ability to aerobically reduce arsenate to arsenite. The genome sequence will allow for the characterization of the molecular mechanisms of arsenate reduction.
Whole-Genome Sequence of “
Candidatus
Liberibacter asiaticus” from Guangdong, China
Authors: Zheng Z. , Deng X. , Chen J. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT

The draft genome sequence of “
Candidatus
Liberibacter asiaticus” strain A4, isolated from a mandarin citrus in Guangdong, People's Republic of China, is reported. The A4 strain has a genome size of 1,208,625 bp, G+C content of 36.4%, 1,107 predicted open reading frames, and 53 RNA genes.
Full-Length Genome Sequence of Porcine Deltacoronavirus Strain USA/IA/2014/8734
Authors: Li Ganwu , Chen Qi , Harmon Karen M. , Yoon Kyoung-Jin , Schwartz Kent J. , Hoogland Marlin J. , Gauger Phillip C. , Main Rodger G. , Zhang Jianqiang 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACT
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) was detected in feces from diarrheic sows during an epidemic of acute and transmissible diarrhea. No transmissible gastroenteritis virus or porcine epidemic diarrhea virus was detected. The PDCoV USA/IA/2014/8734 from the herd was sequenced for full-length genomic RNA to further characterize PDCoV in U.S. swine.
Severity of leukoaraiosis, leptomeningeal collaterals, and clinical outcomes after intra-arterial therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Giurgiutiu Dan-Victor , Yoo Albert J , Fitzpatrick Kaitlin , Chaudhry Zeshan , Leslie-Mazwi Thabele , Schwamm Lee H , Rost Natalia S 
Published: April 2014

Background and purposeLeukoaraiosis (LA) is defined as ischemic white matter lesions associated with increased stroke risk and poor post-stroke outcomes. These lesions are likely the result of diffuse angiopathic changes affecting the cerebral small vessels. We investigated whether pre-existing LA burden is associated with outcomes in patients with large cerebral artery occlusion undergoing intra-arterial therapy (IAT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS).MethodsWe analyzed consecutive AIS subjects undergoing IAT from the institutional Get With The Guidelines-Stroke database enrolled between January 1, 2007 and June 30, 2009, who had National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores of ≥8, baseline diffusion weighted imaging volume ≤100 mL, and evidence of proximal artery occlusion (PAO) on pre-IAT computed tomography angiography (CTA). LA volume (LAv) was assessed on fluid attenuated inversion recovery MRI using a validated semi-automated protocol. We used CTA for collateral grade, post-IAT angiogram for recanalization status (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score ≥2b), and the 24 h head CT for symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. Logistic regression was used to determine independent predictors of 90 day post-stroke good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≤2) and mortality.ResultsIncreasing LAv independently reduced the odds of good collateral grade (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.98). Good functional outcome was independently predicted by intravenous tissue plasminogen activator use (OR 12.86, 95% CI 2.20 to 76.28), and recanalization status (OR 6.94, 95% CI 1.56 to 30.86). Mortality was independently associated with recanalization status (OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.51), age (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.15), and antecedent use of hypoglycemic agents (OR 6.55, 95% CI 1.58 to 54.01).ConclusionsSeverity of LA is linked to poor collateral grade in AIS patients undergoing IAT for PAO; however, greater LAv appears not to be a contraindication for acute intervention.
Lymphatic Vessel Insufficiency in Hypercholesterolemic Mice Alters Lipoprotein Levels and Promotes Atherogenesis
Authors: Vuorio Taina , Nurmi Harri , Moulton Karen , Kurkipuro Jere , Robciuc Marius R. , Öhman Miina , Heinonen Suvi E. , Samaranayake Haritha , Heikura Tommi , Alitalo Kari , Ylä-Herttuala Seppo 
Published: April 2014

Objective—
Lymphatic vessels collect extravasated fluid and proteins from tissues to blood circulation as well as play an essential role in lipid metabolism by taking up intestinal chylomicrons. Previous studies have shown that impairment of lymphatic vessel function causes lymphedema and fat accumulation, but clear connections between arterial pathologies and lymphatic vessels have not been described.

Approach and Results—

Two transgenic mouse strains with lymphatic insufficiency (soluble vascular endothelial growth factor 3 [sVEGFR3] and Chy) were crossed with atherosclerotic mice deficient of low-density lipoprotein receptor and apolipoprotein B48 (LDLR
−/−
/ApoB
100/100
) to study the effects of insufficient lymphatic vessel transport on lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis. Both sVEGFR3×LDLR
−/−
/ApoB
100/100
mice and Chy×LDLR
−/−
/ApoB
100/100
mice had higher plasma cholesterol levels compared with LDLR
−/−
/ApoB
100/100
control mice during both normal chow diet (16.3 and 13.7 versus 8.2 mmol/L, respectively) and Western-type high-fat diet (eg, after 2 weeks of fat diet, 45.9 and 42.6 versus 30.2 mmol/L, respectively). Cholesterol and triglyceride levels in very-low-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein fractions were increased. Atherosclerotic lesions in young and intermediate cohorts of sVEGFR3×LDLR
−/−
/ApoB
100/100
mice progressed faster than in control mice (eg, intermediate cohort mice at 6 weeks, 18.3% versus 7.7% of the whole aorta, respectively). In addition, lesions in sVEGFR3×LDLR
−/−
/ApoB
100/100
mice and Chy×LDLR
−/−
/ApoB
100/100
mice had much less lymphatic vessels than lesions in control mice (0.33% and 1.07% versus 7.45% of podoplanin-positive vessels, respectively).

Conclusions—
We show a novel finding linking impaired lymphatic vessels to lipoprotein metabolism, increased plasma cholesterol levels, and enhanced atherogenesis.
Compliance With Acute Stroke Care Quality Measures in Hospitals With and Without Primary Stroke Center Certification: The North Carolina Stroke Care Collaborative
Authors: Johnson Anna M. , Goldstein Larry B. , Bennett Paige , O'Brien Emily C. , Rosamond Wayne D. ,   investigators of the Registry of the North Carolina Stroke Care Collaborative
Published: April 2014

Background

Organized stroke care is associated with improved outcomes. Data are limited on differences in changes in the quality of acute stroke care at The Joint Commission–certified Primary Stroke Centers (
PSC
s) versus non‐
PSC
s over time.

Methods and Results

We compared compliance with the Joint Commission's 10 acute stroke care performance measures and defect‐free care in
PSC
s and non‐
PSC
s participating in the Registry of the North Carolina Stroke Care Collaborative from January 2005 through February 2010. We included 29 654 cases presenting at 47 hospitals—10
PSC
s, 8 preparing for certification, and 29 non‐
PSC
s—representing 43% of
North Carolina
's non–
Veterans Affairs
, acute care hospitals. Using a non‐
PSC
referent, odds ratios and 95% CIs were calculated using logistic regression and generalized estimating equations accounting for clustering of cases within hospitals. Time trends were presented graphically using simple linear regression. Performance measure compliance increased for all measures for all 3 groups in 2005–2010, with the exception of discharge on antithrombotics, which remained consistently high.
PSC
s and hospitals preparing for certification had better compliance with all but 2 performance measures compared with non‐
PSC
s (each
P
<0.01). Defect‐free care was delivered most consistently at hospitals preparing for certification (52.8%), followed by
PSC
s (45.0%) and non‐
PSC
s (21.9%). Between 2005 and 2010,
PSC
s and hospitals preparing for certification had a higher average annual percent increase in the provision of defect‐free care (
P
=0.01 and 0.04, respectively) compared with non‐
PSC
s.

Conclusions

PSC
certification is associated with an overall improvement in the quality of stroke care in
North Carolina
; however, room for improvement remains.
Improving Blood Pressure Control Through Pharmacist Interventions: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Santschi Valérie , Chiolero Arnaud , Colosimo April L. , Platt Robert W. , Taffé Patrick , Burnier Michel , Burnand Bernard , Paradis Gilles 
Published: April 2014

Background

Control of blood pressure (
BP
) remains a major challenge in primary care. Innovative interventions to improve
BP
control are therefore needed. By updating and combining data from 2 previous systematic reviews, we assess the effect of pharmacist interventions on
BP
and identify potential determinants of heterogeneity.

Methods and Results

Randomized controlled trials (
RCT
s) assessing the effect of pharmacist interventions on
BP
among outpatients with or without diabetes were identified from
MEDLINE
,
EMBASE
,
CINAHL
, and
CENTRAL
databases. Weighted mean differences in
BP
were estimated using random effect models. Prediction intervals (
PI
) were computed to better express uncertainties in the effect estimates. Thirty‐nine
RCT
s were included with 14 224 patients. Pharmacist interventions mainly included patient education, feedback to physician, and medication management. Compared with usual care, pharmacist interventions showed greater reduction in systolic
BP
(−7.6 mm Hg, 95%
CI
: −9.0 to −6.3; I
2
=
67%) and diastolic
BP
(−3.9 mm Hg, 95%
CI
: −5.1 to −2.8; I
2
=
83%). The 95%
PI
ranged from −13.9 to −1.4 mm Hg for systolic
BP
and from −9.9 to +2.0 mm Hg for diastolic
BP
. The effect tended to be larger if the intervention was led by the pharmacist and was done at least monthly.

Conclusions

Pharmacist interventions – alone or in collaboration with other healthcare professionals – improved
BP
management. Nevertheless, pharmacist interventions had differential effects on
BP
, from very large to modest or no effect; and determinants of heterogeneity could not be identified. Determining the most efficient, cost‐effective, and least time‐consuming intervention should be addressed with further research.
Consistency of Temperature and Precipitation Extremes across Various Global Gridded In Situ and Reanalysis Datasets
Authors: Donat Markus G. , Sillmann Jana , Wild Simon , Alexander Lisa V. , Lippmann Tanya , Zwiers Francis W. 
Published: April 2014

Changes in climate extremes are often monitored using global gridded datasets of climate extremes based on in situ observations or reanalysis data. This study assesses the consistency of temperature and precipitation extremes between these datasets. Both the temporal evolution and spatial patterns of annual extremes of daily values are compared across multiple global gridded datasets of in situ observations and reanalyses to make inferences on the robustness of the obtained results. While normalized time series generally compare well, the actual values of annual extremes of daily data differ systematically across the different datasets. This is partly related to different computational approaches when calculating the gridded fields of climate extremes. There is strong agreement between extreme temperatures in the different in situ–based datasets. Larger differences are found for temperature extremes from the reanalyses, particularly during the presatellite era, indicating that reanalyses are most consistent with purely observational-based analyses of changes in climate extremes for the three most recent decades. In terms of both temporal and spatial correlations, the ECMWF reanalyses tend to show greater agreement with the gridded in situ–based datasets than the NCEP reanalyses and Japanese 25-year Reanalysis Project (JRA-25). Extreme precipitation is characterized by higher temporal and spatial variability than extreme temperatures, and there is less agreement between different datasets than for temperature. However, reasonable agreement between the gridded observational precipitation datasets remains. Extreme precipitation patterns and time series from reanalyses show lower agreement but generally still correlate significantly.
The Impact of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Atlantic Meridional Mode on Seasonal Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity
Authors: Patricola Christina M. , Saravanan R. , Chang Ping 
Published: April 2014

Abstract
Atlantic tropical cyclone (TC) activity is influenced by interannual tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) variability characterized by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), as well as interannual-to-decadal variability in the interhemispheric gradient in tropical Atlantic SST characterized by the Atlantic meridional mode (AMM). Individually, the negative AMM phase (cool northern and warm southern tropical Atlantic SST anomalies) and El Niño each inhibit Atlantic TCs, and vice versa. The impact of concurrent strong phases of the ENSO and AMM on Atlantic TC activity is investigated. The response of the atmospheric environment relevant for TCs is evaluated with a genesis potential index.
Composites of observed accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) suggest that ENSO and AMM can amplify or dampen the influence of one another on Atlantic TCs. To support the observational analysis, numerical simulations are performed using a 27-km resolution regional climate model. The control simulation uses observed SST and lateral boundary conditions (LBCs) of 1980–2000, and perturbed experiments are forced with ENSO phases through LBCs and eastern tropical Pacific SST and AMM phases through Atlantic SST.
Simultaneous strong El Niño and strongly positive AMM, as well as strong concurrent La Niña and negative AMM, produce near-average Atlantic ACE suggesting compensation between the two influences, consistent with the observational analysis. Strong La Niña and strongly positive AMM together produce extremely intense Atlantic TC activity, supported largely by above average midtropospheric humidity, while strong El Niño and negative AMM together are not necessary conditions for significantly reduced Atlantic tropical cyclone activity.
Dorsal Approach to Septum in External Septorhinoplasty
Authors: Ozturan Orhan , Dogan Remzi , Aksoy Fadlullah , Tugrul Selahattin , Eren Sabri Baki 
Published: April 2014

Objective: During external septorhinoplasty, access from the caudal septum into subperichondrial space often poses difficulties and challenges for proper elevation of the mucoperichondrial flap. The dorsal and caudal approaches were compared with respect to duration and mucosal integrity. Methods: The caudal approach was applied in 52 patients and the dorsal approach in 50 patients. The duration was recorded starting with septal incision, until the end of the completion of the bilateral subperichondrial and subperiosteal elevation. The mucosal integrity was inspected for any mucosal damage. Results: The elevation durations for the caudal approach and the dorsal approach were 450.3 seconds and 232 seconds, respectively. The impairment in mucosal integrity was observed in 33 cases (63%) with the caudal approach and in 16 cases (32%) with the dorsal approach. Statistically significant differences were found between the 2 groups in terms of duration and mucosal integrity. Conclusion: The dorsal approach is a more advantageous choice that provides easier, safer, and faster access, ensures a comfortable and effective subperichondrial elevation, and is more advantageous for the protection of mucosal integrity as compared to the caudal approach from the anterior septal angle, since the perichondrium in the caudal septum is more attached to the underlying cartilage.
Association of serum and vitreous concentrations of osteoprotegerin with diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Yu Gehua , Ji Xiaoyan , Jin Ji , Bu Shuyang 
Published: April 2014

Background Angiogenesis is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Osteoprotegerin, a recently identified glycoprotein belonging to the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily, has been implicated to be correlated with angiogenesis. This study aims to determine whether serum and vitreous concentrations of osteoprotegerin are associated with diabetic retinopathy. Methods This study consisted of 254 diabetic patients (100 without diabetic retinopathy, 64 with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 90 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy) and 62 control subjects. Serum and vitreous concentrations of osteoprotegerin were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results Serum and vitreous osteoprotegerin concentrations in proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients were significantly elevated compared with those of the other three groups. Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients showed elevated concentrations of serum and vitreous osteoprotegerin compared with patients without diabetic retinopathy. In addition, control subjects had significantly lower serum and vitreous osteoprotegerin concentrations compared with diabetic patients without retinopathy, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients and proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients. Conclusions Serum and vitreous osteoprotegerin concentrations are associated with the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy.