bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Variations in the Fatty Acid Composition of Phospholipid and Triacylglycerol in Gonad and Liver of Mastacembelus simack
Authors: Kaçar Semra , Başhan M. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe seasonal effects on the fatty acid composition of triacylglycerol (TG) and phospholipid (PL) in the gonad and liver of Mastacembelus simack were determined using the gas chromatographic method. The most abundant fatty acids in the investigated seasons and tissues were palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1n‐9), palmitoleic acid (C16:1n‐7), arachidonic acid (C20:4n‐6), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n‐3), and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n‐3). The distribution proportions of ∑SFA (saturated fatty acids), ∑MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acids) and ∑PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) were found to be different among PL and TG fractions in all seasons. The total lipid content of gonad and liver were 1.32 (November)–4.90 % (September) and 1.32 (September)–3.94 % (January), respectively. It was shown that the total lipid and fatty acid compositions in the gonad and liver of fish were significantly influenced by seasons.
Alterations of membrane protein expression in red blood cells of Alzheimer's disease patients
Authors: Várady György , Szabó Edit , Fehér Ágnes , Németh Adrienn , Zámbó Boglárka , Pákáski Magdolna , Janka Zoltán , Sarkadi Balázs 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPreventive measures, prognosis, or selected therapy in multifactorial maladies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), require the application of a wide range of diagnostic assays. There is a large unmet need for relatively simple, blood‐based biomarkers in this regard. We have recently developed a rapid and reliable flow cytometry and antibody‐based method for the quantitative measurement of various red blood cell (RBC) membrane proteins from a drop of blood. Here, we document that the RBC expression of certain membrane proteins, especially that of the GLUT1 transporter and the insulin receptor (INSR), is significantly higher in AD patients than in age‐matched healthy subjects. The observed differences may reflect long‐term metabolic alterations relevant in the development of AD. These findings may pave the way for a diagnostic application of RBC membrane proteins as relatively stable and easily accessible personalized biomarkers in AD.
The Polished MS-30 Stem with a Solid Centralizer: A Minimum 10-year Review of Radiological and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Ka-Bon Kwok , Jason Fan Chi-Ho , Bobby Ng Kin-Wan 
Published: July 2015

Background/Purpose MS-30 is a triple tapered cemented femoral stem. Before 2005, it was used together with a solid centralizer. We wanted to investigate its effect on the migration behaviour and survivorship of polished stem with a minimum of 10 years. Methods Twenty-seven hips in 26 patients were available for follow-up. The mean length of follow-up was 12.1 years. Clinical outcomes were documented with the Harris Hip Score. Radiographs were examined for evidence of aseptic loosening. Results The average Harris Hip Score was 74.8. No stem was revised for aseptic loosening. Two stems (7.4%) developed radiolucent lines of more than 2 mm width with osteolysis. The mean subsidence was 0.77 mm. The survival rate at the 10th postoperative year, with aseptic loosening as the end point, was 100%. Conclusion The polished MS-30 stem with a solid centralizer has a satisfactory long-term outcome. Its mean subsidence was less than that of other polished tapered stems reported in the literature.
Marked gender differences in progression of mild cognitive impairment over 8 years
Authors: Lin Katherine A. , Choudhury Kingshuk Roy , Rathakrishnan Bharath G. , Marks David M. , Petrella Jeffrey R. , Doraiswamy P. Murali ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: July 2015

AbstractIntroductionThis study examined whether, among subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), women progressed at faster rates than men.MethodsWe examine longitudinal rates of change from baseline in 398 MCI subjects (141 females and 257 males) in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative‐1, followed for up to 8 years (mean, 4.1 ± 2.5 years) using mixed‐effects models incorporating all follow‐ups (mean, 8 ± 4 visits).ResultsWomen progressed at faster rates than men on the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale‐cognitive subscale (ADAS‐Cog; P = .001) and clinical dementia rating‐sum of boxes (CDR‐SB; P = .003). Quadratic fit for change over time was significant for both ADAS‐Cog (P = .001) and CDR‐SB (P = .004), and the additional acceleration in women was 100% for ADAS‐Cog and 143% for CDR‐SB. The variability of change was greater in women. The gender effect was greater in apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers.DiscussionWomen with MCI have greater longitudinal rates of cognitive and functional progression than men. Studies to confirm and uncover potential mechanisms appear to be warranted.Trial RegistrationADNI ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00106899.
Modulation of adrenocorticotrophin hormone (ACTH)-induced expression of stress-related genes by PUFA in inter-renal cells from European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)
Authors: Montero Daniel , Terova Genciana , Rimoldi Simona , Tort Lluis , Negrin Davinia , Zamorano María Jesús , Izquierdo Marisol 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDietary fatty acids have been shown to exert a clear effect on the stress response, modulating the release of cortisol. The role of fatty acids on the expression of steroidogenic genes has been described in mammals, but little is known in fish. The effect of different fatty acids on the release of cortisol and expression of stress-related genes of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) head kidney, induced by a pulse of adenocorticotrophin hormone (ACTH), was studied. Tissue was maintained in superfusion with 60 min of incubation with EPA, DHA, arachidonic acid (ARA), linoleic acid or α-linolenic acid (ALA) during 490 min. Cortisol was measured by RIA. The quantification of stress-related genes transcripts was conducted by One-Step TaqMan real-time RT-PCR. There was an effect of the type of fatty acid on the ACTH-induced release of cortisol, values from ALA treatment being elevated within all of the experimental period. The expression of some steroidogenic genes, such as the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) andc-fos, were affected by fatty acids, ALA increasing the expression of StAR after 1 h of ACTH stimulation whereas DHA, ARA and ALA increased the expression ofc-fosafter 20 min. ARA increased expression of the 11β-hydroxylase gene. Expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was increased in all the experimental treatments except for ARA. Results corroborate previous studies of the effect of different fatty acids on the release of cortisol in marine fish and demonstrate that those effects are mediated by alteration of the expression of steroidogenic genes.
TRANSFINITE RECURSION IN HIGHER REVERSE MATHEMATICS
Authors: SCHWEBER NOAH 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the reverse mathematics of higher-order analogues of the theory $$ATR_0$$ within the framework of higher order reverse mathematics developed by Kohlenbach [11]. We define a theory $$RCA_0^3$$, a close higher-type analogue of the classical base theory $$RCA_0$$ which is essentially a conservative subtheory of Kohlenbach’s base theory $$RCA_{\rm{0}}^\omega$$. Working over $$RCA_0^3$$, we study higher-type analogues of statements classically equivalent to $$ATR_0$$, including open and clopen determinacy, and examine the extent to which $$ATR_0$$ remains robust at higher types. Our main result is the separation of open and clopen determinacy for reals, using a variant of Steel’s tagged tree forcing; in the presentation of this result, we develop a new, more flexible framework for Steel-type forcing.
CONSERVATIVITY FOR THEORIES OF COMPOSITIONAL TRUTH VIA CUT ELIMINATION
Authors: LEIGH GRAHAM E. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe present a cut elimination argument that witnesses the conservativity of the compositional axioms for truth (without the extended induction axiom) over any theory interpreting a weak subsystem of arithmetic. In doing so we also fix a critical error in Halbach’s original presentation. Our methods show that the admission of these axioms determines a hyper-exponential reduction in the size of derivations of truth-free statements.
Estimation of habitual iodine intake in Japanese adults using 16 d diet records over four seasons with a newly developed food composition database for iodine
Authors: Katagiri Ryoko , Asakura Keiko , Sasaki Satoshi , Hirota Naoko , Notsu Akiko , Miura Ayako , Todoriki Hidemi , Fukui Mitsuru , Date Chigusa 
Published: July 2015

Although habitual seaweed consumption in Japan would suggest that iodine intake in Japanese is exceptionally high, intake data from diet records are limited. In the present study, we developed a composition database of iodine and estimated the habitual intake of iodine among Japanese adults. Missing values for iodine content in the existing composition table were imputed based on established criteria. 16 d diet records (4 d over four seasons) from adults (120 women aged 30–69 years and 120 men aged 30–76 years) living in Japan were collected, and iodine intake was estimated. Habitual intake was estimated with the Best-power method. Totally, 995 food items were imputed. The distribution of iodine intake in 24 h was highly skewed, and approximately 55 % of 24 h values were < 300 μg/d. The median iodine intake in 24 h was 229 μg/d for women and 273 μg/d for men. All subjects consumed iodine-rich foods (kelp or soup stock) on one or more days of the sixteen survey days. The mean (median) habitual iodine intake was 1414 (857) μg/d for women and 1572 (1031) μg/d for men. Older participants had higher intake than younger participants. The major contributors to iodine intake were kelp (60 %) and soup stock (30 %). Habitual iodine intake among Japanese was sufficient or higher than the tolerable upper intake level, particularly in older generations. The association between high iodine intake as that observed in the present study and thyroid disease requires further study.
Induction of autophagy through the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)-dependent amino acid response pathway in maternal skeletal muscle may function as the molecular memory in response to gestational protein restriction to alert offspring to maternal nutrition
Authors: Wang Huan , Wilson Gabriel J. , Zhou Dan , Lezmi Stéphane , Chen Xiuwen , Layman Donald K. , Pan Yuan-Xiang 
Published: July 2015

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanistic basis of protein deficiency during pregnancy in mother that is transduced to offspring. To this end, timed-pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats were fed either a control (20 % of energy from protein) or low-protein (LP, 8 % of energy from protein) diet during gestation. Tissues were collected after delivery from rat dams, and skeletal muscle was collected at postnatal day 38 from the offspring. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were performed to determine mRNA and protein levels. Histological analysis was performed to evaluate myofibre size. LP dams gained significantly less weight during pregnancy, developed muscle atrophy, and had significantly lower circulating threonine and histidine levels than control dams. The mRNA expression of the well-known amino acid response (AAR) pathway-related target genes was increased only in the skeletal muscle of LP dams, as well as the protein expression levels of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (p-eIF2α). The mRNA expression of autophagy-related genes was significantly increased in the skeletal muscle of LP dams. Moreover, the mRNA expression of genes involved in both AAR and autophagy pathways remained elevated and was memorised in the muscle of LP offspring that consumed a post-weaning control diet. Additionally, the LP diet increased an autophagy marker, microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B) protein expression in the skeletal muscle of rat dams, consistent with the initiation of autophagy. The LP diet further increased ATF4 binding at the predicted regions of AAR and autophagy pathway-related genes. Increased binding of ATF4 unveils the crucial role of ATF4 in the activation of autophagy in response to protein restriction. Our data suggest that molecular changes in maternal muscle are memorised in the offspring long after gestational protein restriction, reinforcing the role of maternal signalling in programming offspring health.
A CONTINUUM OF C*-NORMS ON (H) ⊗ (H) AND RELATED TENSOR PRODUCTS
Authors: OZAWA NARUTAKA , PISIER GILLES 
Published: July 2015

AbstractFor any pairM,Nof von Neumann algebras such that the algebraic tensor productM⊗Nadmits more than one C*-norm, the cardinal of the set of C*-norms is at least 2ℵ0. Moreover, there is a family with cardinality 2ℵ0of injective tensor product functors for C*-algebras in Kirchberg's sense. Let${\mathbb B}$=∏nMn. We also show that, for any non-nuclear von Neumann algebraM⊂${\mathbb B}$(ℓ2), the set of C*-norms on${\mathbb B}$⊗Mhas cardinality equal to 22ℵ0.
CLASSES OF SEQUENTIALLY LIMITED OPERATORS
Authors: FOURIE JAN H. , ZEEKOEI ELROY D. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to present a brief discussion of both the normed space of operator p-summable sequences in a Banach space and the normed space of sequentially p-limited operators. The focus is on proving that the vector space of all operator p-summable sequences in a Banach space is a Banach space itself and that the class of sequentially p-limited operators is a Banach operator ideal with respect to a suitable ideal norm- and to discuss some other properties and multiplication results of related classes of operators. These results are shown to fit into a general discussion of operator [Y,p]-summable sequences and relevant operator ideals.
The Politics of Ambiguity: Conditional Manumission, Labor Contracts, and Slave Emancipation in Brazil (1850s–1888)
Authors: Chalhoub Sidney 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAlthough it seems that slaves in Brazil in the nineteenth century had a better chance of achieving freedom than their counterparts in other slave societies in the Americas, studies also show that a significant proportion of manumissions there were granted conditionally. Freedom might be dependent on a master’s death, on a master’s daughter marriage, on continued service for a number of years, etc. The article thus focuses on controversies regarding conditional manumission to explore the legal and social ambiguities between slavery and freedom that prevailed in nineteenth-century Brazilian society. Conditional manumission appeared sometimes as a form of labor contract, thought of as a situation in which a person could be nominally free and at the same time subject to forms of compulsory labor. In the final crisis of abolition, in 1887–1888, with slaves leaving the plantations in massive numbers, masters often granted conditional manumission as an attempt to guarantee the compulsory labor of their bonded people for more years.
At the Borders of Non-Work: Poor Female Workers and Definitions of Vagrancy in Early Twentieth-Century Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Garzoni Lerice de Castro 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis article discusses how residents of early twentieth-century Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, defined vagrancy. Commentators on the 1890 Penal Code sought to explain the terms of the article related to vagrancy, article number 399, and its application. Evaristo de Moraes, a lawyer, essayist, and public intellectual at that time, similarly dedicated several works to this topic, as did journalists and literary writers who worked in the press. But these debates in the lettered realm were not isolated from the views and actions of average citizens, a phenomenon that one can observe by reading the criminal proceedings against women who were arrested for repeat offenses against anti-vagrancy laws. In the interventions and arguments of the accused and their defenders, it is possible to observe how vagrancy took on new meanings and how, over the course of time, the relationship between these women and the world of work evolved.
Religious and spiritual interventions in mental health care: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
Authors: Gonçalves J. P. B. , Lucchetti G. , Menezes P. R. , Vallada H. 
Published: July 2015

Background.Despite the extensive literature assessing associations between religiosity/spirituality and health, few studies have investigated the clinical applicability of this evidence. The purpose of this paper was to assess the impact of religious/spiritual interventions (RSI) through randomized clinical trials (RCTs).Method.A systematic review was performed in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Collaboration, Embase and SciELO. Through the use of a Boolean expression, articles were included if they: (i) investigated mental health outcomes; (ii) had a design consistent with RCTs. We excluded protocols involving intercessory prayer or distance healing. The study was conducted in two phases by reading: (1) title and abstracts; (2) full papers and assessing their methodological quality. Then, a meta-analysis was carried out.Results.Through this method, 4751 papers were obtained, of which 23 remained included. The meta-analysis showed significant effects of RSI on anxiety general symptoms (p< 0.001) and in subgroups: meditation (p< 0.001); psychotherapy (p= 0.02); 1 month of follow-up (p< 0.001); and comparison groups with interventions (p< 0.001). Two significant differences were found in depressive symptoms: between 1 and 6 months and comparison groups with interventions (p= 0.05). In general, studies have shown that RSI decreased stress, alcoholism and depression.Conclusions.RCTs on RSI showed additional benefits including reduction of clinical symptoms (mainly anxiety). The diversity of protocols and outcomes associated with a lack of standardization of interventions point to the need for further studies evaluating the use of religiosity/spirituality as a complementary treatment in health care.
Agency policy preferences, congressional letter-marking and the allocation of distributive policy benefits
Authors: Mills Russell W. , Kalaf-Hughes Nicole , MacDonald Jason A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWhen allocating distributive benefits, bureaucrats must balance their own policy preferences with requests from members of Congress. The elimination of earmarking may provide agency personnel with greater discretion in the allocation of distributive benefits. Using a novel data set of congressional letters written in support of their community’s air traffic control towers, we estimate a model that explores the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision to issue national interest exemptions to continue operations at towers slated for closure as a result of budget sequestration. Our analysis suggests that members of Congress do not enjoy the influence they possessed under earmarking when using a new method, letter-marking, to influence how agencies distribute benefits.
EFFECTIVENESS OF DIAPERS AMONG PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC INCONTINENCE IN THAILAND
Authors: Teerawattananon Yot , Anothaisintawee Thunyarat , Tantivess Sripen , Wattanadilokkul Ubonwan , Krajaisri Pranorn , Yotphumee Sudarat , Wongviseskarn Jaraspas , Tonmukayakul Utsana , Khampang Roongnapa 
Published: July 2015

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess effect of adult diapers on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and the independent level of performing activities of daily living (ADLs) in people with urinary or fecal incontinence. Psychological consequences of patients’ caregivers were also measured.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at two rehabilitation centers in Thailand. People aged 15 years or greater with chronic urinary or fecal incontinence were eligible. Study participants received adult diapers for 10 weeks after recruitment. Thai EuroQol Five Dimensions (EQ-5D) and the Barthel Index were measured at baseline and weeks 2, 6, and 10 to evaluate HRQOL and the independent level of performing ADLs, respectively. The Braden Scale was used to assess the risk of having pressure ulcers. Mean differences in the Thai EQ-5D, the Barthel Index, and the Braden Scale, before and after receiving adult diapers, were estimated using a multilevel linear regression model.Results: There were ninety patients and forty-eight caregivers who took part in this study. HRQOL and independent level of performing ADLs had improved significantly by week 10 after receiving adult diapers with mean differences of 0.102 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.046–0.158) and 4.40 (95% CI, 1.74–7.07), respectively. The risk of having pressure ulcers had significantly decreased by 67 percent (95% CI, 16 percent–78 percent) by week 10 after receiving adult diapers.Conclusions: The results indicate a significant improvement of HRQOL and the independent level of performing ADLs among incontinent patients after receiving adult diapers. These results were used to inform the development of the health benefits package under the Universal Health Coverage Scheme in Thailand.
Childhood maltreatment is associated with altered frontolimbic neurobiological activity during wakefulness in adulthood
Authors: Insana Salvatore P. , Banihashemi Layla , Herringa Ryan J. , Kolko David J. , Germain Anne 
Published: July 2015

AbstractChildhood maltreatment can disturb brain development and subsequently lead to adverse socioemotional and mental health problems across the life span. The long-term association between childhood maltreatment and resting–wake brain activity during adulthood is unknown and was examined in the current study. Forty-one medically stable and medication-free military veterans (M = 29.31 ± 6.01 years, 78% male) completed a battery of clinical assessments and had [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography neuroimaging scans during quiet wakefulness. After statistically adjusting for later-life trauma and mental health problems, childhood maltreatment was negatively associated with brain activity within a priori defined regions that included the left orbital frontal cortex and left hippocampus. Childhood maltreatment was significantly associated with increased and decreased brain activity within six additional whole-brain clusters that included the frontal, parietal–temporal, cerebellar, limbic, and midbrain regions. Childhood maltreatment is associated with altered neural activity in adulthood within regions that are involved in executive functioning and cognitive control, socioemotional processes, autonomic functions, and sleep/wake regulation. This study provides support for taking a life span developmental approach to understanding the effects of early-life maltreatment on later-life neurobiology, socioemotional functioning, and mental health.