bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All‐Optic Logical Operations Based on the Visible‐Near Infrared Bipolar Optical Response
Authors: You Jie , Han Zhao , Zhang Ningning , Zhang Qiancui , Zhang Yichi , Liu Yang , Li Yang , Ao Jinping , Jiang Zuimin , Zhong Zhenyang , Guo Hui , Hu Huiyong , Wang Liming , Zhu Zhangming 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe burgeoning need for extensive data processing has sparked enthusiasm for the development of a novel optical logic gate platform. In this study, junction field‐effect phototransistors based on molybdenum disulfide/Germanium (MoS2/Ge) heterojunctions are constructed as optical logic units. This device demonstrates a positive photoresponse that is attributed to the photoconductivity effect occurring upon irradiation with visible (Vis) light. Under the illumination of near‐infrared (NIR) optics with wavelengths within the communication band, the device shows a negative photoresponse, which is associated with the interlayer Coulomb interactions. The current state of the device can be effectively modulated as different logical states by precisely tuning the wavelength and power density of the optical. Within a 3 × 3 MoS2/Ge phototransistor array, five essentially all‐optical logic gates (“AND,” “OR,” “NAND,” “NOT,” and “NOR”) can be achieved in every signal unit. Furthermore, three complex all‐optical logical operations are demonstrated by integrating two MoS2/Ge phototransistors in series. Compared to electronic designs, these all‐optical logic devices offer a significant reduction in transistor number, with savings of 50–94% when implementing the above‐mentioned functions. These results present opportunities for the development of photonic chips with low power consumption, high fidelity, and large volumes.
Mechanism and kinetics study of the chemically initiated oxidative polymerization of hexafluoropropylene
Authors: Chen Xin‐Tuo , Zhang Liang‐Liang , Zhou Li‐Yang , Wang Shu‐Hua , Chen Jian‐Feng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChemically initiated oxidative polymerization stands out as the most suitable method for the large‐scale and controllable synthesis of perfluoropolyether (PFPE). However, the mechanism and related reaction kinetics of this synthesis reaction remain elusive. In this study, PFPE was synthesized through the copolymerization of hexafluoropropylene and oxygen, initiated by fluorine. Subsequently, the synthesis mechanism of this chemically initiated oxidative polymerization was first explored using density functional theory. Simulation results yielded a comprehensive reaction network of the synthesis process, including chain initiation, propagation, decomposition, transfer, and termination. Meanwhile, a detailed kinetic model was constructed based on theoretical reaction rates of relevant elementary reactions. The effects of reaction operating conditions on the molecular weight of PFPE were experimentally investigated, with results in good agreement with the kinetic model. This work stablishes a solid foundation for optimizing and controlling the PFPE synthesis process.
Carbon dioxide capture by aqueous glucosamine solutions: Pilot plant measurements and a theoretical study
Authors: Hami Dindar Iman , Lutters Nicole , Kenig Eugeny Y. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA comprehensive investigation of the potential of aqueous glucosamine solutions as an eco‐friendly solvent for CO2 capture was performed. It includes an experimental study in a pilot plant setup and a theoretical analysis with a rate‐based model. The model was validated against the measured column profiles of temperature and CO2 concentration in both liquid and gas phases. Model‐based parameter sensitivity studies revealed inherent challenges for an effective absorption process. A slow reaction rate and suboptimal chemical equilibrium conditions were identified as key limitations, restricting the absorption efficiency and CO2 loading capacity of the glucosamine solution. Furthermore, an analysis of the dissociation constant of this novel absorbent was performed and its significance with respect to the (limited) performance, capability, and efficiency evaluation was highlighted.
Tuning the CO2 hydrogenation activity and selectivity of TiO2 nanorods supported Rh catalyst via secondary‐metals addition
Authors: Zhang Jinyan , Shao Yan , Zeng Feng , Chen Huanhao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSecondary‐metals promotion is key to tune the CO2 hydrogenation performance of Rh‐based catalyst. We describe the addition of Cu or Co in TiO2 nanorods supported Rh catalyst (viz., RhMx/TiO2), showing significant impact on the CO2 hydrogenation activity and productivity. Cu addition can promote the partial hydrogenation to alcohols (methanol and ethanol), whereas Co led to the deep hydrogenation to alkanes (CH4, C2H6). Comparative time‐resolved in situ DRIFTS studies with H2/D2 isotopic exchange further reveal that both surface adsorbed CO* and formates could be the key reaction intermediates during the CO2 hydrogenation over RhMx/TiO2 (especially the RhCu2.5/TiO2), in which the interaction strength of CO* regulated by secondary‐metals addition was key to tune the reaction pathways and productivity. The findings suggested that rational design of active metal sites, for example the synergy between Rh and secondary‐metals, is highly needed to promote the CO insertion and CC coupling to produce ethanol.
Advances in sickle cell retinopathy screening techniques, tests, and practices: A systematic review
Authors: Cummings Olivia W. , Rahman Sara , Fletcher Lauren , Scott Adrienne W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSickle cell retinopathy (SCR) is a progressive, sight‐threatening ophthalmic complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). Current SCR screening focuses on the detection of pathologic sea fan neovascularization, the first sign of proliferative sickle cell retinopathy (PSR). If untreated, PSR can lead to severe visual impairment and blindness through progression to vitreous hemorrhage and/or retinal detachment. SCR screening with dilated fundus examination (DFE) is recommended every 1–2 years starting at age 10, but data underlying this recommendation are of poor quality and based upon expert consensus. We performed a systematic review to characterize imaging techniques, laboratory‐based tests, and clinical practices for SCR screening. This PROSPERO‐registered systematic review included relevant texts identified through predetermined searches in online databases. Collected test accuracy data facilitated the calculation of likelihood ratios. Forty‐four studies evaluating 4928 patients were included. DFE demonstrated moderate test accuracy (LR+ of 8.0, LR‐ of 0.3). Ultra‐widefield‐fundus photography demonstrated superior accuracy (LR+ 32.5, LR‐ 0.03). Optical coherence tomography angiography applications were highly accurate for PSR identification (machine learning LR+ 32.5, LR‐ 0.03; human grader LR+ 2.8–213.1, LR‐ 0.1‐0.2). Most techniques and tests were more accurate at detecting PSR than staging SCR or detecting lower‐grade SCR. Our findings support the integration of advanced image‐based approaches, such as computer‐based image analysis and ultra‐wide‐field fundus imaging, for SCR screening in SCD patients given the superior accuracy in PSR detection compared with the current standard of care. Rigorous SCR screening implementation studies are needed to support evidence‐based SCR screening recommendations.
Long‐read sequencing and optical genome mapping identify causative gene disruptions in noncoding sequence in two patients with neurologic disease and known chromosome abnormalities
Authors: Sund Kristen L. , Liu Jie , Lee Joyce , Garbe John , Abdelhamed Zakia , Maag Chelsey , Hallinan Barbara , Wu Steven W. , Sperry Ethan , Deshpande Archana , Stottmann Rolf , Smolarek Teresa A. , Dyer Lisa M. , Hestand Matthew S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite advances in next generation sequencing (NGS), genetic diagnoses remain elusive for many patients with neurologic syndromes. Long‐read sequencing (LRS) and optical genome mapping (OGM) technologies improve upon existing capabilities in the detection and interpretation of structural variation in repetitive DNA, on a single haplotype, while also providing enhanced breakpoint resolution. We performed LRS and OGM on two patients with known chromosomal rearrangements and inconclusive Sanger or NGS. The first patient, who had epilepsy and developmental delay, had a complex translocation between two chromosomes that included insertion and inversion events. The second patient, who had a movement disorder, had an inversion on a single chromosome disrupted by multiple smaller inversions and insertions. Sequence level resolution of the rearrangements identified pathogenic breaks in noncoding sequence in or near known disease‐causing genes with relevant neurologic phenotypes (MBD5, NKX2‐1). These specific variants have not been reported previously, but expected molecular consequences are consistent with previously reported cases. As the use of LRS and OGM technologies for clinical testing increases and data analyses become more standardized, these methods along with multiomic data to validate noncoding variation effects will improve diagnostic yield and increase the proportion of probands with detectable pathogenic variants for known genes implicated in neurogenetic disease.
Harmonizing tau positron emission tomography in Alzheimer's disease: The CenTauR scale and the joint propagation model
Authors: Leuzy Antoine , Raket Lars Lau , Villemagne Victor L. , Klein Gregory , Tonietto Matteo , Olafson Emily , Baker Suzanne , Saad Ziad S. , Bullich Santiago , Lopresti Brian , Bohorquez Sandra Sanabria , Boada Mercè , Betthauser Tobey J. , Charil Arnaud , Collins Emily C. , Collins Jessica A. , Cullen Nicholas , Gunn Roger N. , Higuchi Makoto , Hostetler Eric , Hutchison R. Matthew , Iaccarino Leonardo , Insel Philip S. , Irizarry Michael C. , Jack Clifford R. , Jagust William J. , Johnson Keith A. , Johnson Sterling C. , Karten Yashmin , Marquié Marta , Mathotaarachchi Sulantha , Mintun Mark A. , Ossenkoppele Rik , Pappas Ioannis , Petersen Ronald C. , Rabinovici Gil D. , Rosa‐Neto Pedro , Schwarz Christopher G. , Smith Ruben , Stephens Andrew W. , Whittington Alex , Carrillo Maria C. , Pontecorvo Michael J. , Haeberlein Samantha Budd , Dunn Billy , Kolb Hartmuth C. , Sivakumaran Sudhir , Rowe Christopher C. , Hansson Oskar , Doré Vincent 
Published: July 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONTau‐positron emission tomography (PET) outcome data of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) cannot currently be meaningfully compared or combined when different tracers are used due to differences in tracer properties, instrumentation, and methods of analysis.METHODSUsing head‐to‐head data from five cohorts with tau PET radiotracers designed to target tau deposition in AD, we tested a joint propagation model (JPM) to harmonize quantification (units termed “CenTauR” [CTR]). JPM is a statistical model that simultaneously models the relationships between head‐to‐head and anchor point data. JPM was compared to a linear regression approach analogous to the one used in the amyloid PET Centiloid scale.RESULTSA strong linear relationship was observed between CTR values across brain regions. Using the JPM approach, CTR estimates were similar to, but more accurate than, those derived using the linear regression approach.DISCUSSIONPreliminary findings using the JPM support the development and adoption of a universal scale for tau‐PET quantification.Highlights
Tested a novel joint propagation model (JPM) to harmonize quantification of tau PET.
Units of common scale are termed “CenTauRs”.
Tested a Centiloid‐like linear regression approach.
Using five cohorts with head‐to‐head tau PET, JPM outperformed linearregressionbased approach.
Strong linear relationship was observed between CenTauRs values across brain regions.
Effectiveness of pelvic circumferential compression device for lower body trauma: Insights from a Japan Trauma Data Bank retrospective study
Authors: Ono Shohei , Miyata Satoshi , Suzuki Hiroaki , Shimizu Keiki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimPelvic ring fractures (PRFs) due to high‐energy trauma often result in severe bleeding and high mortality. Pelvic circumferential compression devices (PCCD) are widely used to stabilize PRF and decrease bleeding. However, evidence supporting their effectiveness is still inconclusive.MethodsWe conducted an observational study using the Japan Trauma Data Bank (JTDB) from 2019 to 2021. Patients with blunt lower body trauma aged 15 years or older were included. We used propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to evaluate the association of PCCD and mortality.ResultsOf the 74,393 patients in the database, 235 PCCD group and 23,429 control group were analyzed. After PSM, 231 patients in both groups were enrolled. Crude analysis indicated significantly higher in‐hospital mortality in the PCCD group (odds ratio (OR) = 3.8 [95% CI = 2.51–5.75]). However, PSM and IPTW analysis indicated that PCCD was associated with decreased in‐hospital mortality (PSM: OR = 0.79 [0.43–1.42]; IPTW: OR = 0.73 [0.62–0.86]). In a subgroup analysis of the IPTW analysis, PCCD fitting resulted in increased in‐hospital mortality in the group without PRF (OR = 2.08 [1.91–2.27]), a decrease in stable PRF (OR = 0.74 [0.6–0.91]), and a further decrease in unstable PRF (OR = 0.18 [0.12–0.27]). Additional factors, such as a fall from a height, a fall downstairs, and pre‐hospital PCCD placement also influenced the treatment effect.ConclusionThe present, large, registry‐based study found that PCCD reduced mortality in patients with a lower body injury, especially those with an unstable PRF.
MOF‐on‐MOF Heterostructured Electrocatalysts for Efficient Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Zou Yingying , Yan Yuechen , Xue Qingsong , Zhang Chaoqi , Bao Tong , Zhang Xinchan , Yuan Ling , Qiao Sicong , Song Li , Zou Jin , Yu Chengzhong , Liu Chao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3−RR) is an important route for sustainable NH3 synthesis and environmental remediation. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are one family of promising NO3−RR electrocatalysts, however, there is plenty of room to improve in their performance, calling for new design principles. Herein, a MOF‐on‐MOF heterostructured electrocatalyst with interfacial dual active sites and build‐in electric field is fabricated for efficient NO3−RR to NH3 production. By growing Co‐HHTP (HHTP=2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexahydroxytriphenylene) nanorods on Ni‐BDC (BDC=1,4‐benzenedicarboxylate) nanosheets, experimental and theoretical investigations demonstrate the formation of Ni−O−Co bonds at the interface of MOF‐on‐MOF heterostructure, leading to dual active sites tailed for NO3−RR. The Ni sites facilitate the adsorption and activation of NO3−, while the Co sites boost the H2O decomposition to supply active hydrogen (Hads) for N‐containing intermediates hydrogenation on adjacent Ni sites, cooperatively reducing the energy barriers of NO3−RR process. Together with the accelerated electron transfer enabled by built‐in electric field, remarkable NO3−RR performance is achieved with an NH3 yield rate of 11.46 mg h−1 cm−2 and a Faradaic efficiency of 98.4 %, outperforming most reported MOF‐based electrocatalysts. This work provides new insights into the design of high‐performance NO3−RR electrocatalysts.
What's Next for First Row Fluorometallacycles?
Authors: Baker R. Tom , Mangin Loïc P. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHydrocarbon‐derived metallacycles have been identified as key intermediates in a host of catalyzed transformations of unsaturated organic substrates. In contrast, our knowledge of analogous reactivity of fluorometallacycles is underdeveloped and largely confined to first row metals. Our summary of recent advances aims to inform young investigators of the exciting challenges offered by this pursuit.
Directional Electron Flow in a Selenoviologen‐Based Tetracationic Cyclophane for Enhanced Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Li Naiyao , Li Yawen , Wang Zengrong , Cao Tianle , Liu Chenjing , Wang Hongyue , Li Guoping , He Gang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDirectional electron flow in the photocatalyst enables efficient charge separation, which is essential for efficient photocatalysis of H2 production. Here, we report a novel class of tetracationic cyclophanes (7) incorporating bipyridine Pt(II) and selenoviologen. X‐ray single‐crystal structures reveal that 7 not only fixes the distances and spatial positions between its individual units but also exhibits a box‐like rigid electron‐deficient cavity. Moreover, host–guest recognition phenomena are observed between 7 and ferrocene, forming host–guest complexes with a 1 : 1 stoichiometry. 7 exhibits good redox properties, narrow energy gaps, and strong absorption in the visible range (370–500 nm) due to containing two selenoviologen (SeV2+) units. Meanwhile, the femtosecond transient absorption (fs‐TA) reveals that 7 has stabilized dicationic biradical, efficient charge separation, and facilitates directional electron flow to achieve efficient electron transfer due to the formation of rigid cyclophane and electronic architecture. Then, 7 is applied to visible‐light‐driven hydrogen evolution with high hydrogen production (132 μmol), generation rate (11 μmol/h), turnover number (221), and apparent quantum yield (1.7 %), which provides a simplified and efficient photocatalytic strategy for solar energy conversion.
On‐Surface Synthesis of Triaza[5]triangulene through Cyclodehydrogenation and its Magnetism
Authors: Li Donglin , Silveira Orlando J. , Matsuda Takuma , Hayashi Hironobu , Maeda Hiromitsu , Foster Adam S. , Kawai Shigeki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTriangulenes as neutral radicals are becoming promising candidates for future applications such as spintronics and quantum technologies. To extend the potential of the advanced materials, it is of importance to control their electronic and magnetic properties by multiple graphitic nitrogen doping. Here, we synthesize triaza[5]triangulene on Au(111) by cyclodehydrogenation, and its derivatives by cleaving C−N bonds. Bond‐resolved scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy provided detailed structural information and evidence for open‐shell singlet ground state. The antiferromagnetic arrangement of the spins in positively doped triaza[5]triangulene was further confirmed by density function theory calculations. The key aspect of triangulenes with multiple graphitic nitrogen is the extra pz electrons composing the π orbitals, favoring charge transfer to the substrate and changing their low‐energy excitations. Our findings pave the way for the exploration of exotic low‐dimensional quantum phases of matter in heteroatom doped organic systems.
Impact of an oligomer deep eutectic solvent on structure and properties of natural rubber vulcanizates and their nanocomposites
Authors: Qi Yan , Peng Junbiao , Zhang Chunsheng , Wang Danling , Song Yihu , Zheng Qiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRubber nanocomposites exhibit strain softening under large‐amplitude oscillation shear and large‐strain cyclic tension while the softening behaviors are hard to regulate in industry. Herein, an oligomer deep eutectic solvent (DES) synthesized from polyethyleneglycol and tetrabutylammonium bromide is used to mediate the vulcanization and softening behaviors of natural rubber (NR) gums and their nanocomposites. The results show that DES could accelerate NR vulcanization and improve crosslinking density. For the hydrophilic silica nanocomposites, DES could greatly reduce tanδ and weaken weak strain overshoot accompanying Payne and lower percentages damping accompanying Mullins effects. The effects in nanocomposites filled with hydrophilic/hydrophobic silica and carbon black are investigated and compared. The investigation provides a new way for tailoring elasticity and dissipation of vulcanizate nanocomposites filled with hydrophilic silica.
Cellulose‐enriched ascorbic acid for wound dressing application: Future medical textile
Authors: Firmanda Afrinal , Mahardika Melbi , Fahma Farah , Amelia Devita , Pratama Agus Wedi , Amalia Nanda , Syafri Edi , Achaby Mounir El 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWounds infected by resistant microbes have become a cost and health problem worldwide. In modern wound care, healing mechanisms require particular strategies, such as adding natural antioxidants and antimicrobials in a biocompatible biopolymer matrix mimicking extracellular tissue such as cellulose. Here, ascorbic acid or Vitamin C is a promising bioactive as a topical drug loaded in a cellulose‐based composite matrix for skin tissue repair. Ascorbic acid, cellulose, or cellulose composites enriched with ascorbic acid have shown better biocompatibility and biological effects for accelerating wound healing, making them promising as sustainable medical textiles. Future challenges relate to the ideal engineered wound dressing design, raw material toxicity, and 3D printing technology.
Development of sinomenine hydrochloride loaded shell/core nanofibrous with pH‐responsive for colon‐targeted drug delivery
Authors: Zhao Yanzhi , Ma Xueqian , Zhu Xiufang , Liu Mingdi , Zou Mengjun , Zhou Juying , Liu Shuili , Xu Haitang , Xu Kaimeng , Li Ye , Chen Qing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA series of colon‐targeted, sustained‐release, sinomenine hydrochloride (SH) loaded shell/core electrospun nanofibers are reported. The fibers have shells made of Eudragit S100 (ES‐100), and drug‐loaded cores comprising of Eudragit RS100 (ERS‐100) and SH. The essential characteristics of membranes are evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, and x‐ray diffraction. In vitro release of SH show that the shell/core nanofiber membranes can block drug release in the HCl buffer (pH 1.2), and the release time of the hydrophilic drug SH exceed 240 min at pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution. In vitro drug release kinetics consistent with the first‐order model. The shell/core nanofiber can achieve colon‐targeted and sustained‐release properties, which can better prevent the loss of SH and relieve the adverse effects on gastrointestinal tract. In addition, the hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests manifest that the nanofiber membrane display good hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility. These results suggest the SH‐containing nanofiber membranes have potential applications as a colon‐targeted drug delivery system that sustained release. They also offer a theoretical foundation for the development of novel dosage forms for SH.
Application of aminotrimethylphosphonic acid modified starch‐based flame retardant in cellulosic paper
Authors: Chen Guang , Liu Zhuo , Deng Songling , Zhao Wenguang , Chen Qi‐Jie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe development of green and efficient bio‐based flame retardants is very important for the development of flame‐retardant cellulosic paper. In this study, a novel type of starch‐based synergistic flame retardant (SAPU) was prepared using corn starch as carbon sources, amino trimethylphosphonic acid, and urea as phosphorus and nitrogen sources through the one‐pot method. Subsequently, the flame‐retardant cellulosic paper was prepared by impregnation, and the flame retardancy of the cellulosic paper was evaluated by vertical combustion, limiting oxygen index (LOI), and thermogravimetric analysis. The results demonstrated that the SAPU exhibited a favorable flame‐retardant effect on cellulosic paper. At a concentration of 25.0%, the vertical burning residue of flame‐retardant paper accounted for 49.16% of the total length of the paper sample, while the LOI was 39.4%. The tensile strength and burst index of cellulosic paper were found to be decreased by 6.36% and 19.1%, respectively, in comparison to the base paper. Conversely, the ring crush strength was observed to be increased by 156.2%. The carbon residue rate at 700°C under a nitrogen atmosphere rose from 11.56% of the base paper to 28.77% of the flame‐retardant paper. The flame‐retardant SAPU effectively improved the thermal stability of cellulosic paper.