bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tri‐ and Hexadentate Poly‐Lewis Acids – Attempts to Unravel the Complex Dynamics of Cage and Capsule Formation in Solution
Authors: Klingsiek Maximilian J. , Franke Maurice , Walkenhorst Simon M. , Röhr Tobias , Buth Julian , Mix Andreas , Lamm Jan‐Hendrik , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Mitzel Norbert W. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTwo tri‐ and two hexadentate poly‐Lewis acids (PLAs) with calyx‐like structures of C3 symmetry containing aluminum‐ and boron‐containing Lewis acidic functions were prepared by tin‐metal exchange reactions. The triply hydrosilylated [12]annulene served as basic framework. It forms a calyx‐like structure by the stereo‐ and regioselective attachment of three SiMeCl2 groups to the planar [12]annulene. The PLA precursors were generated by attaching three or six trimethylstannylethynyl groups to the silicon atoms. Lewis acid functions were introduced using the reagents bis‐(bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl)aluminium hydride (HAl[CH(SiMe3)2]2) and catecholatochloroborane (ClBCat). The complexation behavior of the PLAs towards different Lewis bases was investigated by NMR. Bases included pyridine, polydentate nitrogen‐ and phosphorus‐containing bases. Additionally, three molecules of a bidentate phosphorus‐containing base were captured with hexadentate PLAs. Diffusion NMR experiments provided insight into the aggregation processes: some of the adducts had a significantly larger volume than expected, indicating the formation of larger adducts than the expected 1 : 1 adduct, including larger 2 : 2 adduct cages. The distances between the Lewis acid units and the steric requirement of the attached substituents determine the complexation behavior of the PLAs. Thus, the weak Lewis acidic BCat units show no (tridentate case) or a strong (hexadentate case) interaction with PMe2‐containing bases, if they can act cooperatively.
Extended Modified Bridge System (EMBS) method for decoupling seismic vehicle‐bridge interaction
Authors: Homaei Hossein , Stoura Charikleia D. , Dimitrakopoulos Elias G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSeismic vehicle‐bridge interaction (SVBI) is the study of vehicle‐bridge interaction (VBI) in the presence of earthquake excitation. SVBI is an interdisciplinary problem of increasing importance to the design and safety of railways. This study deploys a consistent methodology to decouple the vehicle‐bridge system and solve independently the bridge and vehicle subsystems, bypassing multiple challenges the seismic response analysis of a coupled vehicle‐bridge system entails. The proposed approach builds upon the previously established Extended Modified Bridge System (EMBS) method for decoupling vehicle‐bridge systems (in the absence of earthquake excitation). Its premise is to first characterize and then assess the relative importance of the VBI effect on the bridge and vehicle responses and replicate it by modifying the pertinent uncoupled equations of motion (EOMs). The formulation deployed accommodates multi‐degree of freedom models for both the vehicle and bridge and can thus tackle complex systems. The analysis examines the ability of the proposed decoupling approach to predict the response of a realistic system vehicle‐bridge system under a suit of historical earthquake records. The decoupled results are in excellent agreement with the coupled solutions for all earthquake records and scenarios (i.e., earthquake excitation solely in the transverse direction of the bridge, as well as in both the transverse and vertical directions simultaneously).
Continuum soil‐structure‐interaction model of the LHPOST6 shaking table reaction mass at UC San Diego
Authors: Rodriguez‐Burneo Andres , Restrepo José I. , Conte Joel P. , Lai Carlo G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe recently upgraded six Degree‐of‐Freedom Shaking Table, LHPOST6, at UC San Diego, underwent a series of forced vibration tests to evaluate the post‐upgrade dynamic response of the foundation‐soil system. The resulting data were instrumental in obtaining frequency response curves of the system, which were used to determine its low‐strain natural frequencies, effective viscous damping ratios, and reaction mass displacements. The extensive experimental data motivated the creation of a detailed Soil‐Structure‐Interaction model of the reaction mass‐soil system. The structure and soil were modeled using 3D Finite Elements in STKO‐OpenSees and calibrated with the acquired data via a parametric study. The 3D continuum FE model and the calibration procedure based on a single soil parameter (shear wave velocity profile) proved to be an effective tool to reproduce the experimental results accurately. This paper describes the Finite Element model, its calibration, and validation. In addition, the paper provides suggestions to simplify continuum models and promote their use in professional practice. The objectives of this campaign, alongside the growing accessibility of high‐performance computing, may serve as a step toward using SSI continuum models in the industry.
Combined use of physically based hydrological model and empirical models to improve parameterisation of erosion processes in a flash flood prone catchment
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Atiyeh , Roux Hélène , Cassan Ludovic , Douinot Audrey 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study assesses the effectiveness of a distributed physically based hydrological model (MARINE) to investigate erosion estimation during flash floods compared with other widely used empirical models derived from the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) like Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE). It is carried out on a small catchment in south‐eastern France, the Claduègne catchment. To compare the erosion volumes simulated by the three models, MARINE, MUSLE and RUSLE, a sensitivity analysis on the model parameters is carried out. According to physics‐based simulations, flood events fall into two categories: those dominated by raindrop erosion and those dominated by shear stress erosion. The results show that the erosion simulated by the three methods are comparable, except for events dominated by raindrop erosion suggesting that further research is needed to improve raindrop erosion within MARINE. Simulations from the MARINE model provide access to the spatio‐temporal variability of erosion dynamics during the event and can also be used to produce erosion/deposition maps, which are useful for environmental decision‐makers and planners in identifying areas at risk from erosion and deposition hazards.
Stability of a continuous/discrete sensitivity model for the Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Nouaime N. , Després B. , Puscas M. A. , Fiorini C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis work presents a comprehensive framework for the sensitivity analysis of the Navier–Stokes equations, with an emphasis on the stability estimate of the discretized first‐order sensitivity of the Navier–Stokes equations. The first‐order sensitivity of the Navier–Stokes equations is defined using the polynomial chaos method, and a finite element‐volume numerical scheme for the Navier–Stokes equations is suggested. This numerical method is integrated into the open‐source industrial code TrioCFD developed by the CEA. The finite element‐volume discretization is extended to the first‐order sensitivity Navier–Stokes equations, and the most significant and original point is the discretization of the nonlinear term. A stability estimate for continuous and discrete Navier–Stokes equations is established. Finally, numerical tests are presented to evaluate the polynomial chaos method and to compare it to the Monte Carlo and Taylor expansion methods.
Design of a precise ensemble expert system for crop yield prediction using machine learning analytics
Authors: Tripathi Deeksha , Biswas Saroj K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAgriculture is facing significant challenges in the development of crop yield forecasts, which are important aspects of decision‐making at the international, regional, and local levels. The area of agriculture is attracting growing attention because of increasing the demand for food supplies. To ensure future food supplies, crop yield prediction (CYP) provides the best decision‐making to assist farmers in agricultural yield forecasting efficiently. Nevertheless, CYP is a difficult endeavor because of the intricacy of the underlying mechanisms and the effect of numerous factors, including weather patterns, soil characteristics, and crop management techniques. In today's era, ensemble learning (EL) approaches have recently demonstrated significant promise for enhancing the reliability and accuracy of CYP. The success of the EL techniques depends on several facts, including how the base learner models are trained and how these are combined. This study provides important insights into the EL techniques for CYP. This paper proposes an expert system model named precise ensemble expert system for crop yield prediction (PEESCYP) to predict the best crop for agricultural land. The proposed PEESCYP model employs multiple imputation by chained equation (MICE) data imputation technique to treat the missing values of the collected dataset, the isolation forest (IF) technique for outlier detection, the ant colony optimization (ACO) technique to perform feature selection, robust scaling (RS) technique to perform data normalization, and the extra tree (ET) is used for classification to overcome the variance and overfitting problem of the single classifiers. The measurements of the proposed PEESCYP model have been collected by means of accuracy, precision, recall, and F‐1 score using a prepared dataset, which is collected from International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), and the proposed model is compared with different single‐classifier based ML models, EL models, and various existing models available in the literature. The results of this experiment underline that the proposed PEESCYP model outperforms the others.
Variation in levels of professionalism in healthcare policymaking during the Obama, Trump, and Biden administrations
Authors: Kostiaev Sergei S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDuring the Trump administration it was widely asserted in the news media that the administration's agency appointees were less professional than appointees from previous administrations. Using qualitative data from 35 interviews with lobbyists, congressional staffers, and executive branch officials, and quantitative and qualitative data on years of relevant experience and job type at the date of nomination, it is demonstrated that indeed the Trump administration attracted less talent than the Obama and Biden administrations, which resulted in less supply and demand for expertise and thus a diminished role of expertise in the policymaking process.
Effects of Rheopheresis in dialysis patients with peripheral artery disease and diabetic foot ulcers: A multicentric Italian study
Authors: Altobelli Claudia , Fabiani Filippo Carone , Anastasio Pietro , Pluvio Corrado , de Pascale Emanuela , Vernaglione Luigi , Gernone Giuseppe , Di Luca Marina , Bertuzzi Veronica , Brescia Paola , Toffoletto Pierpaolo , D'Arezzo Mario , Brustia Maddalena , Andreana De Mauri  , Chiarinotti Doriana , Loschiavo Carmelo , Grecò Matteo , D'Elia Filomena , Gallo Maria Anna , Tarroni Giovanni , Di Liberato Lorenzo , Perna Alessandra F , Capasso Giovambattista , Capolongo Giovanna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeripheral artery disease (PAD) in hemodialysis (HD) patients has a significant social impact due to its prevalence, poor response to standard therapy and dismal prognosis. Rheopheresis is indicated by guidelines for PAD treatment.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐five HD patients affected by PAD stage IV Lerichè‐Fontaine and ischemic ulcer 1C or 2C according to the University of Texas Wound Classification System (UTWCS), without amelioration after traditional medical therapy and/or revascularization, were selected and underwent 12 Rheopheresis sessions in 10 weeks. Improvements in pain symptoms using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), healing ulcers and laboratory hemorheological parameters have been evaluated.ResultsA clinically and statistically significant mean value reduction and of relative percentage differences between estimated marginal means (Δ), calculated at each visits, of NRS was observed, with a maximum value (−48.5%) between the first and last visit. At the end of the treatment period 14.3% of ulcers were completely healed, 46.4% downgraded, 53.6% were stable. Overall, no ulcers upgraded. A statistically significant reduction of the Δ, between the first and last visit, for fibrinogen (−16%) was also observed.ConclusionRheopheresis reduced overall painful symptoms; data suggest that it could heal or improve ulcers and hemorheological laboratory parameters in HD patients with PAD and ischemic ulcers resistant to standard therapies.
Geographic industry concentration and asymmetric cost behavior
Authors: Kang Tae G. , Park Sung‐Jin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research diverges from the existing literature on cost stickiness by examining the relationship between a firm's geographic proximity to industry peers, termed industry co‐location, and its asymmetrical cost behavior. We propose that managerial decisions regarding resource adjustment are influenced by the state of resource markets in the firm's vicinity, hypothesizing that a high concentration of industry peers triggers downward asset price spirals during simultaneous resource liquidation. Additionally, we anticipate that industry‐wide demand exceeding fixed capacity exacerbates congestion costs, thereby diminishing bargaining power in local resource markets. We predict that heightened resource adjustment costs linked to industry co‐location discourage managers from reducing capacity commitments, thereby increasing cost stickiness. Our findings support this prediction, demonstrating a positive association between industry co‐location and cost stickiness. Moreover, we observe that cost stickiness intensifies when closely located industry peers experience declines in sales. This paper provides initial evidence illuminating the impact of industry co‐location on cost stickiness and suggests managerial implications to prevent costlier capacity adjustment through local resource markets.
Bidirectional extracellular electron transfers in Serratia marcescens and Stenotrophomonas sp. correlate to EPS and Cr(VI) removal in single‐chamber bioelectrochemical systems
Authors: Yan Yiying , Wang Qiang , Huang Liping , Xing Xin , Shi Yong , Wang Miao , Puma Gianluca Li 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDElectrochemically active bacteria (EAB) capable of bidirectional extracellular electron transfer (EET), either outward or inward EET, largely control the efficiency of interactions and electrical communication between biofilm and electrode and, thus, control the performance of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) for heavy metals removal. However, the behavior of such metallurgical EAB capable of bidirectional EET has yet to be investigated, and the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in these switchable EAB with bidirectional EET and in the presence of heavy metals remains unexplored in the single‐chamber BESs treating heavy metal‐based wastewaters that are limited by carbon/electron sources or electron acceptors.RESULTSThe biofilms of the Cr(VI)‐tolerant EAB Stenotrophomonas sp. YS1 and Serratia marcescens Q1 exhibited bidirectional EET metabolizing either organic (acetate) or inorganic (HCO3−) species with simultaneous removal of Cr(VI) in single‐chamber BESs. Q1 inward EET uptake of electrons was more efficient than that of YS1 (165 μA vs. 118 μA); meanwhile, YS1 outward EET was more efficient than Q1 (8.0 μA vs. 4.7–5.2 μA). The adaptive electrochemically‐tunable EPS in both biofilm strains was regulated by the direction of the EET (inward or outward) in the presence of Cr(VI) and circuital current.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates the switching properties of EAB, such as Stenotrophomonas sp. or S. marcescens, that are capable of bidirectional EET to or from the electrodes, and it displays the regulation of such responses with the amount and compositional diversity of the biofilms’ EPS, giving a comprehensive appreciation of tunable EPS for Cr(VI)‐wastewater treatment in single‐chamber BESs. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Teaming up to overcome challenges toward translation of new therapeutics for osteoarthritis
Authors: Scanzello Carla R. , Hasty Karen A. , Chung Christine B. , Griffin Timothy M. , Willet Nick J. , Krug Hollis , Chu Cong‐Qiu , Ewart David , Jerban Saeed , Baker Joshua F. , Duvall Craig L. , Brunger Jonathan M. , Burdick Jason A. , Spindler Kurt P. , Drissi Hicham 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs a leading global cause of musculoskeletal‐related disability, osteoarthritis (OA) represents a public health urgency. Understanding of disease pathogenesis has advanced substantially in the past decade, yet no disease‐modifying therapeutics have advanced to the clinic. To address this challenge, the CARE‐AP (Cartilage Repair strategies to alleviate Arthritis Pain) collaborative research team was convened to bring together relevant multidisciplinary expertise and perspectives from across the VA research community nationwide. The first CARE‐AP Annual Research Symposium took place (virtually) in February 2022 with roughly 90 participants. A number of innovative and therapeutic strategies were discussed, including siRNA approaches coupled with novel nanoparticle‐based delivery systems, cellular engineering approaches to develop reparative cells that can probe the joint environment and respond to disease‐specific cues, and novel biofabrication techniques to improve tissue engineering and effect “biological joint replacement.” In addition, challenges and advances in rehabilitation approaches, imaging outcomes, and clinical studies were presented, which were integrated into a framework of recommendations for running “preclinical trials” to improve successful clinical translation.
Ultrafast Scintillator Based on Zirconium‐Doped Cesium Zinc Chloride Single Crystals and Their Charge Carrier Dynamics
Authors: Yin Hang , Song Bingxi , Tong Yufeng , Zhan Yuxin , Wei Qinhua , Cai Peiqing , Liu Zugang , Li Juntao , Chen Junsheng , Liu Jianyong , Chen Da , Qin Laishun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractScintillators have been widely used for high‐energy radiation imaging. It is in great demand and challenge to develop scintillator materials with fast decay time, high scintillation light yield, and low detection limit for high‐resolution imaging applications such as time‐of‐flight positron emission tomography. However, it is still a challenge to develop the ultrafast carrier dynamics to achieve 100% ultrafast decay time with high scintillation light yield. To meet the demand, a series of component‐tunable Cs2ZnCl4: x%Zr single crystals as promising ultrafast scintillators is successfully developed. With 8% of Zr‐dopant (Cs2ZnCl4: 8%Zr), the single crystal exhibits high light yield (28000 photons MeV−1) and low detection limit (51 nGy s−1) under X‐ray excitation. Photo‐induced transient absorption signals on sub‐nanosecond and nanosecond scales ensure almost 100% fast decay time (≈3 ns) in nanoseconds under γ‐ray excitation. In particular, the different radiative transition processes are achieved under ultraviolet and high‐energy radiation due to the tunable carrier dynamics from the shallow trapped state to the self‐trapped exciton (STE) state.
Wafer‐Scale Fabrication of Broadband Sb2Se3 Photodetectors and their Multifunctional Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Ma Yuhang , Deng Zexiang , Liang Huanrong , Guan Xinyi , Zheng Zhaoqiang , Yao Jiandong , Yang Guowei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLow‐dimensional van der Waals materials (vdWMs) have attracted worldwide interest on account of numerous advantages including self‐passivated surface, high carrier mobility, excellent flexibility, etc. Among multiple vdWMs, Sb2Se3 stands out due to its high light absorption coefficient, environmentally friendly components, excellent stability, and abundant reserve. However, limited effective wavelength range and unscalable preparation have been obstinate issues standing in the way of further development. Herein, pulsed‐laser deposition (PLD) has been developed for synthesizing Sb2Se3 nanofilms, and wafer‐scale deposition has been realized. The PLD‐derived Sb2Se3 photodetector demonstrates broadband photoresponse across UV to NIR. First‐principles calculations have determined that this is because the formation of Se vacancies can result in a reduction of the bandgap. Upon 635 nm illumination, an optimal responsivity of 2.68 A W−1 has been achieved, corresponding to an external quantum efficiency of 524% and a specific detectivity of 1.34 × 1012 Jones. Furthermore, the device manifests a short response/recovery time of ≈2/1 ms. Proof‐of‐concept broadband imaging as well as fitness monitoring (respiratory rate & heart rate) have been realized. Profited from the scalable preparation, an array of Sb2Se3 photodetectors have been produced, exhibiting qualified device‐to‐device variation. On the whole, this study has depicted an attractive landscape for next‐generation integrated optoelectronics.
Regulation of Intrinsic Defects of Self‐Activated MgGa2O4 Phosphors for Temperature Dynamic Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Wang Guohao , Wang Ting , Yue Yang , Hou Lihui , Huang Wenlong , Zhu Xuanyu , Liu Haozhe , Yu Xue 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhotoluminescent (PL) anti‐counterfeiting plays a critical role in encrypted information and anti‐counterfeiting. Dynamic PL anti‐counterfeiting technology provides advanced security features compared with static counterparts. Yet, many current dynamic luminescent materials rely solely on an optical storage mechanism, leading to a lack of diversification and making them vulnerable to replication. Here, dynamic PL emission triggered by ambient temperature variations is addressed. By modifying the sintering atmospheres and non‐stoichiometric ratio of MgGa2O4 (MGO) samples, the concentration of intrinsic defects of the host are modified, resulting in temperature‐sensitive PL output dynamically manipulated from blue to green to red. Density‐functional theory (DFT) analysis elucidates the formation energies of intrinsic defects in the MGO samples, revealing that the self‐activated blue, green, and red emissions stem from lattice defects, [GaO6], antisite defects , and interstitial oxygen (), respectively. Additionally, by monitoring the luminescence lifetime, and the thermoluminescence (TL) curves of the MGO samples, it is shown that the dynamic PL emission is generated by a combination of thermally assisted carrier migration and thermal compensation from trapping centers. Herein, a dual‐channel encrypted dot matrix is designed to enhance information transfer security through the interference between the dual channels, showcasing the practical application of this dynamic anti‐counterfeiting technique.