bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The challenges of the homeless haemophilia patient
Authors: Lambing A. , Kuriakose P. , Kachalsky E. , Mueller L. 
Published: April 2013

SummaryThe current economic hardships within the United States can increase the risk of persons becoming homeless. In 2001, it was estimated that between 0.1% and 2.1% of the population were homeless every night and that 2.3 – 3.5 million persons could become homeless every year [1]. Many issues can increase the risk of homelessness including: home foreclosure, declining work force due to declining wages, low‐wage opportunities and less secure jobs, decline in public assistance, lack of affordable housing with limited housing assistance programs, poverty, lack of affordable health care, domestic violence, mental illness, and addiction disorders. Many on the streets may suffer from mental illness, developmental disabilities, and or chronic physical illness [6]. Given these issues, the Hemophilia Treatment Center (HTC) can expect to experience the issue of homelessness within their own population of persons with hemophilia. Currently, there are no studies that address the issue of the person with hemophilia who may become homeless. This presents unique challenges that this population may encounter to survive in addition to managing bleeding issues related to the diagnosis of hemophilia. This article will review the issues related to homelessness in the general population. Two case studies of persons with hemophilia who became homeless will be discussed outlining the strategies utilized to assist the patient during this crisis.
A pre‐clinical functional assessment of an acellular scaffold intended for the treatment of hard‐to‐heal wounds
Authors: Shooter Gary K , Van Lonkhuyzen Derek R , Croll Tristan I , Cao Yang , Xie Yan , Broadbent James A , Stupar Dario , Lynam Emily C , Upton Zee 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe majority of the population experience successful wound‐healing outcomes; however, 1–3% of those aged over 65 years experience delayed wound healing and wound perpetuation. These hard‐to‐heal wounds contain degraded and dysfunctional extracellular matrix (ECM); yet, the integrity of this structure is critical in the processes of normal wound healing. Here, we evaluated a novel synthetic matrix protein for its ability to act as an acellular scaffold that could replace dysfunctional ECM. In this regard, the synthetic protein was subjected to adsorption and diffusion assays using collagen and human dermal tissues; evaluated for its ability to influence keratinocyte and fibroblast attachment, migration and proliferation and assessed for its ability to influence in vivo wound healing in a porcine model. Critically, these experiments demonstrate that the matrix protein adsorbed to collagen and human dermal tissue but did not diffuse through human dermal tissue within a 24‐hour observation period, and facilitated cell attachment, migration and proliferation. In a porcine wound‐healing model, significantly smaller wound areas were observed in the test group compared with the control group following the third treatment. These data provide evidence that the synthetic matrix protein has the ability to function as an acellular scaffold for wound‐healing purposes.
Dermatologist and gastroenterologist awareness of the potential of immunosuppressants used to treat inflammatory bowel disease to cause non‐melanoma skin cancer
Authors: De Luca Jacqueline F. , Severino Richard , Lee Yun Sun , Johnson Douglas 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackground  Immunosuppressants used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may contribute towards the development of non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). Few studies have documented this increase in risk.Methods  A mail‐in survey was sent to practicing dermatologists and gastroenterologists in the state of Hawaii, USA. These physicians were asked if they had patients with IBD on immunosuppressants with NMSC and if they were aware of an association between immunosuppressants used in IBD and the occurrence of NMSC. Physicians were located via the Yellow Pages telephone directory and the websites http://www.healthgrades.com and http://www.ucomparehealthcare.com.Results  Of the 96 surveys delivered, 45 were returned for analysis. Overall, 73.3% of responding physicians knew about an association between NMSC and immunosuppressants for IBD, but 26.7% had no knowledge of this association. When respondents were categorized according to specialty, 90.9% of dermatologists reported knowing about this association, but only 46.2% of responding gastroenterologists reported this awareness (P = 0.0034). Of the respondents who did not provide details of their specialty, 70.0% reported knowledge of the association.Conclusions  Immunosuppressants are helpful in controlling IBD symptoms and progression but should only be used after a thorough assessment of their risks and benefits in each patient. After the initiation of immunosuppressants, patients should have access to appropriate preventative and treatment modalities for NMSC.
Around‐the‐clock oral THC effects on sleep in male chronic daily cannabis smokers
Authors: Gorelick David A. , Goodwin Robert S. , Schwilke Eugene , Schroeder Jennifer R. , Schwope David M. , Kelly Deanna L. , Ortemann‐Renon Catherine , Bonnet Denis , Huestis Marilyn A. 
Published: April 2013

Background and ObjectivesΔ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) promotes sleep in animals; clinical use of THC is associated with somnolence. Human laboratory studies of oral THC have not shown consistent effects on sleep. We prospectively evaluated self‐reported sleep parameters during controlled oral THC administration to research volunteers.MethodsThirteen male chronic daily cannabis smokers (mean ± SD age 24.6± 3.7 years, self‐reported smoking frequency of 5.5 ± 5.9 (range 1–24) joint‐equivalents daily at study entry) were administered oral THC doses (20 mg) around‐the‐clock for 7 days (40–120 mg daily) starting the afternoon after admission. The St. Mary's Hospital Sleep Questionnaire was completed every morning. Plasma THC and 11‐OH‐THC (active metabolite) concentrations were measured in venous blood samples collected every evening. Changes in sleep characteristics over time and associations between sleep characteristics and plasma cannabinoid concentrations were evaluated with repeated measures mixed linear regression.ResultsHigher evening THC and 11‐OH‐THC concentrations were significantly associated with shorter sleep latency, less difficulty falling asleep, and more daytime sleep the following day. In contrast, the duration of calculated and self‐reported nighttime sleep decreased slightly (3.54 and 5.34 minutes per night, respectively) but significantly during the study.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that tolerance to the somnolent effects of THC may have occurred, but results should be considered preliminary due to design limitations.Scientific SignificanceSomnolence from oral THC may dissipate with chronic, high‐dose use. This has implications for patients who may take chronic oral THC for medicinal purposes, including cannabis dependence treatment. (Am J Addict 2013;22:510–514)
Patterns of substance use initiation among healthcare professionals in recovery
Authors: Merlo Lisa J. , Trejo‐Lopez Jorge , Conwell Tish , Rivenbark Judy 
Published: April 2013

Background and ObjectivesSubstance‐related impairment among healthcare professionals has significant public health implications, but little is known regarding factors associated with substance use initiation in this group.MethodsIn this study, 105 healthcare professionals (80% male), who ranged in age from 24 to 68 years (M = 47.1 years, SD = 10.2) completed a self‐report questionnaire assessing age at first use, education level at first use, means of access to substances upon first use, order of substance use initiation, and reasons for first and continued substance use. Physicians (51%), pharmacists (19.2%), dentists (11.5%), physician assistants (5.8%), and various other allied health professionals (12.7%) participated.ResultsResults demonstrated that 73.2% of the professionals used tobacco, 90.4% used alcohol, and 64.4% used other drugs before beginning professional school. Reasons for first use of substances paralleled those seen in the general public (e.g., curiosity, peer influence, availability), and differed from reasons for continued substance use (e.g., getting high, addiction, stress management).Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceGiven that onset of substance use among health professionals appears to mirror that seen in the general population, their unique treatment success rates likely cannot be solely attributed to later age‐of‐onset of their substance use disorder. Delaying experimentation with addictive substances and improving efforts at early identification of problematic use are crucial to preventing the development of substance use disorders among healthcare professionals, as well as the public as a whole. (Am J Addict 2013;22:605–612)
In vitro fertilization outcomes and alcohol consumption in at‐risk drinkers: The effects of a randomized intervention
Authors: Rossi Brooke V. , Chang Grace , Berry Katharine F. , Hornstein Mark D. , Missmer Stacey A. 
Published: April 2013

Background and ObjectivesWomen's use of alcohol in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of fetal loss and birth defects. Also, alcohol use in women decreases the success of infertility treatment, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). Our goal was to determine if there were differences in IVF outcomes and alcohol use parameters among at‐risk drinkers randomized to a brief intervention (BI) versus assessment only (AO).MethodsWe conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of BI or AO among at‐risk drinkers on IVF. We studied 37 women (AO = 21; BI = 16).ResultsWhile the BI group had a significantly greater decrease in the number of drinks/drinking day compared to the AO group (p = .04), there were no differences in the likelihood of implantation failure, chemical pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, or live birth.ConclusionsBI and AO contributed to a decrease in alcohol use and did not demonstrate differences in IVF outcomes. A larger study may confirm these preliminary findings.Scientific SignificanceOur results will assist care providers in treating alcohol use in pregnancy in an effective way, such that IVF cycles and the chance of pregnancy are optimized. (Am J Addict 2013;22:481–485)
The associations of anticipated parental reactions with smoking initiation and progression in adolescents
Authors: de Leeuw Rebecca N. H. , Scholte Ron H. J. , Vermulst Ad A. , Engels Rutger C. M. E. 
Published: April 2013

Background and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine whether anticipated parental reactions to smoking were related to smoking onset and progression during adolescence.MethodsData were used from the six‐wave, 5‐year longitudinal “Family and Health” project, in which N = 428 adolescents (M = 13.4, SD = .50; 52.3% girls) and their families participated.ResultsParental reactions, as anticipated by adolescents, included benign indifference, conflict engagement, disclosing disappointment, and positive problem‐solving. Findings of discrete‐time survival analyses indicated no direct association between anticipated reactions at baseline and smoking onset within 5 years. However, a significant interaction effect was found between parental smoking and anticipated parental disappointment. This finding indicates that adolescents of non‐smoking parents, who expected reactions of annoyance and disappointment, were less at risk for initiating smoking than adolescents from smoking parents who expected such reactions. None of the anticipated parental reactions were significantly related to smoking progression, neither directly nor indirectly.Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceFindings from this study suggest that focusing on anticipated reactions to smoking is probably not the most promising endeavor for effective smoking prevention and intervention. (Am J Addict 2013;22:527–534)
Does exposure to parental substance use disorders increase substance use disorder risk in offspring? A 5‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Yule Amy M. , Wilens Timothy E. , Martelon Mary Kate , Simon Andrew , Biederman Joseph 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundThis study examined the impact of exposure to parental substance use disorders (SUD) (alcohol or drug abuse or dependence) on the development of SUD in offspring.MethodsThe original sample was derived from pediatric and psychiatric ascertained females 6–17 years old with (N = 140) and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; N = 122). At baseline, these groups had 143 and 131 biological siblings and 274 and 238 parents, respectively. All subjects and their family members were comprehensively and blindly assessed by structured psychiatric interviews for psychopathology and substance use. The female probands and their siblings were reassessed after a follow‐up period of 5 years.ResultsAt follow‐up the mean age of offspring was 17.9 ± 4.20 years. Independently of ADHD, familial risk, and socioeconomic status, exposure to maternal drug use disorders, but not paternal drug use disorders, was significantly associated with the development of a drug use disorder in offspring (OR: 7.04; p = 0.03). There was a significant association between exposure to parental SUD during adolescence (relative to preschool or latency years) and SUD in offspring (OR: 3.61; p = 0.03).ConclusionsExposure to maternal drug use disorders during adolescent years increased the risk for the development of a drug use disorder in a sample of females with and without ADHD and their siblings. Exposure to parental SUD during adolescence specifically increases the risk of SUD development in offspring. (Am J Addict 2013;22:460–465)
The Influence of the Use of Diagnostic Resources on Nurses' Communication With Simulated Patients During Admission Interviews
Authors: Paans Wolter , Müller‐Staub Maria , Nieweg Roos 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine how the use of diagnostic resources influences nurses' communication during admission interviews.MethodsA randomized controlled trial was performed. Actors simulated patients based on case studies. We analyzed transcriptions of 60 interviews and video recordings using the Roter Method of Interaction Process Analysis.FindingsNurses mainly asked closed‐ended questions. The use of knowledge sources, such as forms in the PES format or an assessment format, affected communication significantly in several aspects.ConclusionPrestructured forms may promote comprehensive interviews, but nurses need to be aware that using certain kinds of diagnostic resources may hinder them from asking open‐ended questions.Practice ImplicationsNurses need to increase their use of open‐ended questions.TitelDe invloed van het gebruik van diagnostische kennishulpmiddelen op de verpleegkundige communicatie met simulatiepatiënten gedurende opnamegesprekken.DoelHet doel van deze studie was te bepalen hoe diagnostische kennishulpmiddelen de communicatie van verpleegkundigen kunnen beïnvloeden bij opnamegesprekken.MethodeEen gerandomiseerd onderzoek met controlegroep werd uitgevoerd. Simulatiepatiënten (acteurs) representeerden patiëntencasuïstiek. We analyseerden transcripties van 60 interviews en video‐opnames met gebruikmaking van de Roter Method of Interaction Process Analysis.FindingsVerpleegkundigen stelden overwegend gesloten vragen. Het gebruik van diagnostische kennishulpmiddelen, zoals het PES‐format en een voorgestructureerd opnameformulier, beïnvloedde de communicatie significant op verschillende aspecten.ConclusieHet gebruik van voorgestructureerde formulieren kan uitgebreide opnamegesprekken ondersteunen, echter verpleegkundigen moeten er op bedacht zijn dat deze hulpmiddelen ook belemmerend kunnen werken bij het stellen van open vragen.PraktijkimplicatiesVerpleegkundigen zouden meer open vragen moeten stellen ten behoeven van het verkrijgen van volledige en evenwichtige informatie in het opnamegesprek.
Fracture Behavior of Layered Alumina Microstructural Composites with Highly Textured Layers
Authors: Pavlacka Robert , Bermejo Raul , Chang Yunfei , Green David J. , Messing Gary L. 
Published: April 2013

A new class of layered microstructural composites that combines equiaxed and textured alumina layers was fabricated. Template loading was used to change the texture fraction and porosity in the textured layers. Due to the thermal expansion anisotropy of the textured layers, residual compressive stresses as high as 100 MPa were achieved during cooling from the sintering step. Fracture experiments showed that the interface between the basal planes of highly oriented alumina grains in the textured layers changes from a “strong interface” to a “weaker interface” as the porosity changes from 1% to 5%. Composites with 5% porous textured layers show both crack bifurcation and crack deflection in the textured layers. Crack deflection is attributed to the anisotropic fracture energy of the oriented microstructures and crack bifurcation is ascribed to the compressive stresses that arise from the thermal expansion mismatch between adjacent layers.
Evaluation of a compression resistant matrix for recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2
Authors: Lu Sheldon X. , Fiorini Tiago , Lee Jaebum , Prasad Hari S. , Buxton Amanda N. , Bisch Fredrick C. , Dixon Douglas R. , Susin Cristiano , Wikesjö Ulf M. E. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies document the therapeutic potential of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) in an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier for indications in the axial and appendicular skeleton. Nevertheless, the ACS does not comprise structural integrity to adequately support bone formation for onlay indications. The objective of this study was to evaluate local bone formation and osseointegration following surgical implantation of rhBMP‐2 soak‐loaded onto a compression resistant matrix (CRM).MethodsRoutine, contralateral, critical‐size, supraalveolar, peri‐implant defects in five adult male Hound Labrador mongrel dogs received 0.8 mg rhBMP‐2 soak‐loaded onto either the ACS (benchmark control) or a CRM (collagen/β‐TCP/hydroxyapatite) followed by submerged wound closure for primary intention healing. The animals were euthanized at 8 weeks for histologic/histometric evaluation.ResultsHealing was uneventful albeit considerable initial swelling was observed for either treatment. Sites receiving rhBMP‐2/CRM showed significantly increased bone area (20.0 ± 0.9 versus 12.3 ± 2.6 mm2, p = 0.03) and bone density (24.1 ± 1.4% versus 14.6 ± 2.0%, p = 0.04) compared with those receiving rhBMP‐2/ACS. There were no significant differences between treatments for new bone height and osseointegration. Woven and lamellar trabecular bone lined with abundant osteoid was observed for all sites. Inconsistent cortex formation confirmed the immature nature of the newly formed bone. Seroma formation was observed for both treatments (80–100% of the animals/implants). Sites receiving rhBMP‐2/CRM showed residual ceramic granules undergoing biodegradation, including accumulation of foamy macrophages.ConclusionsrhBMP‐2/CRM supports bone formation of clinically relevant geometry. Longer observation intervals as well as dose variations appear necessary to capture maturation of the newly formed bone, elimination of residual ceramic granules and resolution of seroma formation(s).
The impact of sphincterotome design on selective cannulation of the common bile duct
Authors: Ozaslan Ersan , Ozaslan Nihal Gokbulut , Purnak Tugrul , Ozkaya Guven 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackground and AimThere is a paucity of data regarding the impact of sphincterotome design on cannulation success.MethodsWe aimed to compare the 5.5 F standard sphincterotomes of two different manufacturers (sphincterotome 1: Endo‐flex 5.5F [ENDO‐FLEX GmbH, Voerde, Düsseldorf, Germany] vs sphincterotome 2: Ultratome 5.5F [Boston Scientific, Spencer, IN, USA]). Adult patients undergoing their first endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography were included in two study groups. The sphincterotome preloaded with a guidewire was used for selective common bile duct cannulation in each group. Precut methods were applied in failed cases without crossover. Successful biliary cannulation in 10 attempts was the primary outcome.ResultsBaseline features and indications were similar between groups (n = 100, group I, sphincterotome 1, vs n = 100, group II, sphincterotome 2). A higher success in initial cannulation was obtained in group II compared to group I (92% vs 81%, P = 0.03). Moreover, number of cannulation attempts and time to cannulation differed. No statistical significance was noted in group I (8%) versus group II (3%) regarding pancreatitis rate. The overall cannulation success after precut in failed cases was 95% (group I) and 97% (group II).ConclusionsThere was a significant difference in cannulation success between the two different sphincterotome. 5.5F Ultratome with guidewire was superior to 5.5F Endo‐flex sphincterotome with guidewire in initial selective cannulation of common bile duct. The results may show the importance of sphincterotome features to overcome the obstacles during cannulation such as complex intrapapillary mucosal features.
Relationship of a turbidity of an oral rinse with oral health and malodor in Vietnamese patients
Authors: Pham Thuy A.V. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAimIn the present study, the relationship between the turbidity of mouth‐rinse water and oral health conditions, including oral malodor, in patients with (n = 148) and without (n = 231) periodontitis was examined.MethodsThe turbidity of 20 mL distilled water that the patients rinsed in their mouths 10 times was measured using a turbidimeter. Oral malodor was evaluated using an organoleptic test and Oral Chroma. Oral health conditions, including decayed teeth, periodontal status, oral hygiene status, proteolytic activity of the N‐benzoyl‐dl‐arginine‐2‐napthilamide (BANA) test on the tongue coating, and salivary flow rate, were assessed.ResultsTurbidity showed significant correlations with oral malodor and all oral health parameters in the periodontitis group. In the non‐periodontitis group, turbidity showed significant correlations with oral malodor and oral health parameters, including dental plaque, tongue coating, BANA test, and salivary flow rate. The regression analysis indicated that turbidity was significantly associated with methyl mercaptan and the BANA test in the periodontitis group, and with hydrogen sulfide, dental plaque, tongue coating, and salivary flow rate in the non‐periodontitis group.ConclusionThe findings of the present study indicate that the turbidity of mouth‐rinse water could be used as an indicator of oral health conditions, including oral malodor.