bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Value of HAS-BLED and HEMORR2HAGES Bleeding Risk Scores After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Doomun Ianis , Doomun Daphné , Schukraft Sara , Arroyo Diego , Cook Selma T. , Huwyler Tibor , Goy Jean-Jacques , Stauffer Jean-Christophe , Togni Mario , Puricel Serban , Cook Stéphane 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Various scoring systems have been developed to assess the risk of bleeding in medical settings. HAS-BLED and HEMORR2HAGES risk scores are commonly used to estimate bleeding risk in patients receiving anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation, but data on their predictive value in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are limited.

Methods:
This study evaluated and compared the predictive abilities of the HAS-BLED and HEMORR2HAGES bleeding risk scores in all-comer patients undergoing PCI. The PARIS score, specifically designed for patients undergoing PCI, was used as a comparator. The scores were calculated at baseline and compared with the occurrence of events during a 2-year clinical follow-up period. Between 2015 and 2017, all consecutive patients undergoing PCI we re prospectively enrolled and divided into risk tertiles based on bleeding risk scores. The primary end points were hierarchical major bleeding events, defined by Bleeding Academic Research Consortium types 3 through 5, and patient-oriented composite end points according to Bleeding Academic Research Consortium classification, which were assessed during the 2-year follow-up period.

Results:
A total of 1,080 patients completed the follow-up period. Two years after index, 189 patients (17.5%) had experienced any bleeding, with 48 events (4.4%) classified as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium types 3 to 5. All bleeding risk scores showed statistically significant predictive ability for bleeding events. The HEMORR2HAGES score (C statistic, 0.73) was more effective than the HAS-BLED score (C statistic, 0.66; P = .07) and the PARIS score (C statistic, 0.66; P = .06) in predicting risk of major bleeding. Patients in high-risk bleeding groups also experienced a higher incidence of patient-oriented composite end points.

Conclusions:
The HEMORR2HAGES, HAS-BLED, and PARIS risk scores exhibited good predictive abilities for bleeding events following PCI. Patients at high risk of bleeding also demonstrated increased ischemic risk and higher mortality during the 2-year follow-up period.
Investigating the incremental value of urine sediment reporting in emergency medicine with a Sysmex UN urinalysis system
Authors: Tosi Marco , Negrini Davide , Celegon Giovanni , Montagnana Martina , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Urinalysis is widely used and is also frequently requested in emergency situations for screening hypovolemia, urinary tract infections, diabetes, ketoacidosis and hematuria. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of reporting urinary sediment in emergency department specimens with the Sysmex UN system.

Methods
We evaluated urinalyses requested by the emergency department over a three-month period and examined red blood cell count interference, compared leukocyte esterase dipsticks to cytofluorimetric leukocyte count and nitrites to cytofluorimetric bacterial count. We then examined digital microscopy images to identify additional elements of interest or pathology.

Results
We collected 532 cases, 354 with only chemical and cytofluorimetric analysis and 178 with digital microscopy. Automated erythrocyte counting showed a 7 % error rate, mainly false-positive results. Leukocyte esterase had a sensitivity of 88.22 % and specificity of 88.84 % at the lower limit, while nitrites had a sensitivity of 41.06 % and a specificity of 99.38 %. Pathological elements were detected in 126 samples by digital microscopy: 70 had casts, 36 crystals and seven cells with high pathological value.

Conclusions
Evaluation of urine sediments by trained specialists can provide potentially important information even in emergency situations, whereby the pre-analytical phase must always be taken into account.
Interference by vitamin B12-macrocomplexes: towards an effective detection and correct interpretation of hypo- and hypervitaminemia
Authors: Delgado José A. , Pastor María I. , Costa Gemma , Márquez Nuria , Bauça Josep Miquel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The presence of macro-B12 is a cause of factual hypervitaminemia B12. Precipitation with polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a simple method of removing high-molecular-weight biomolecules. However, “free” molecule may co-precipitate. This fact requires the establishment of reference intervals for the post-precipitation result. The main aims of the study were to: 1) establish post-PEG RIs for vitamin B12; 2) compare the two criteria for defining the presence of macro-B12; 3) evaluate the joint usefulness of percentage post-PEG vitamin B12 recovery and post-PEG RIs to inform the real vitamin B12 status; and 4), propose interpretative comments for ease of interpretation.

Methods
Prospective study in which 488 serum samples from “healthy” individuals were included and analyzed to determine recovery and RIs following PEG precipitation. Subsequently, a retrospective analysis was carried out in order to evaluate the joint usefulness of both definitions for a suspicion of macro-B12. A total of 297 cases were included.

Results
Recovery and post-PEG RIs determined on an Alinity i platform ranged from 60 to 107 % and from 118 to 506 pmol/L, respectively. McNemar’s test revealed statistically significant differences between both criteria for estimating interference. However, both methodologies showed good agreement. In 27 cases, the presence of macro-B12 coexisted with true hypervitaminemia B12. No case of coexistence of macro-B12 with vitamin B12 deficiency was detected in our series.

Conclusions
Laboratory reports should include total vitamin B12 concentration, recovery and post-PEG vitamin B12 concentration with their adjusted RIs to better assess the body vitamin status.
Learning from Surprising Observations in Management – Longitudinal Accounts
Authors: Jönsson Sten , Jönsson Richard 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Accounts can be understood as “repair of problematic situations”, which, in turn, may be seen as inference to the best explanation of a surprising observation. We analyse “learning events” as told by prominent Swedish industrial leaders in two sets of interviews with 30 years between them. We find that the accounts quite often centre around surprising situations, i.e. uncertainty is maximal, where coherence is reached by combining facts and arguments into an understanding of the situation good enough to justify action. The primary function of these accounts is to generate meaning. That meaning will inform managers in the choice of relevant “levers of control” in implementation. It has been argued that “semi-confusing information” in organizations will invite questions and dialogue, and thereby help them avoid or overcome crises. We extend this line of reasoning by showing how such information feeds deliberation – construction of inference to the best explanation – by abductive reasoning toward action in “moments-of-truth”.
What is finiteness in Dagaare?
Authors: Mwinlaaru Isaac N. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Although the notion of finiteness has been much debated from different theoretical perspectives, little is known beyond Indo-European languages. The present study examines finiteness in the Lobr dialect of Dagaare (Niger-Congo: Mabia) from a systemic functional typological point of view. The study contributes to debates on whether finiteness is a discrete system or a cline. The study first distinguishes between semantic and grammatical finiteness. The analysis then show that Dagaare has a grammaticalised binary system of finiteness in the verbal group, encoded by four kinds of finiteness markers: (i) tense-mood-polarity, (ii) modality, (iii) habitual tense, and (iv) remoteness particles. Also, the Dagaare verbal group embodies disassociated systems of tense, comprising futurity, habituality, and remoteness and choices from each of these systems result in multiple Finite elements in the verbal group. On the other hand, clausal finiteness in Dagaare is a semantic cline that depends on the system of freedom. Specifically, a clause is finite or less finite depending on whether it combines a finite verbal group with clause final negotiation or information focus. The article provides finer criteria for distinguishing between semantic and grammatical finiteness that can be used for the description and typology of finiteness across languages.
Demonic Pantheism: Either/Or on Boredom as the Modern Crisis of Faith
Authors: Strelis Söderquist Anna Louise 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article engages with A’s “Crop Rotation” in Either/Or—the “boredom” essay—as a source for serious thought on the modern crisis of faith. Exploring A’s portrayal of the modern subject as isolated and self-enclosed, a “bored” condition linked to its radical autonomy and self-directed existence, it suggests that A’s explanation for this condition still holds today: modern humans’ self-assertion (and hence self-isolation) emerges as a response to a profound loss of meaning. Through an existential reading of A’s essay, it highlights A’s notion of “demonic pantheism” as illuminating what lies behind boredom, namely, a relatable experience of disillusionment following the loss of meaning—in other words, “existential doubt” or a crisis of faith.
Kierkegaard, Spiritual Crisis, and Anxious Faith: Battling for Faith in Fear and Trembling and Strengthening in the Inner Being
Authors: Söderquist K. Brian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study shows that, for Kierkegaard, the crisis of faith plays an essential role in the life of faith. To demonstrate this, it compares pseudonym Johannes de silentio’s portrayals of religious crisis in Fear and Trembling with similar sketches in Strengthening in the Inner Being, an edifying discourse published on the same day as Fear and Trembling. Kierkegaard agrees with de silentio that the life of faith is tethered to struggle, but unlike his pseudonym, who is baffled by the source of Abraham’s bold trust, Kierkegaard is more confident about identifying that which gives him strength: an inner, divine affirmation.
Martensen’s Review of Heiberg’s New Poems and the Discussion on Speculative Poetry and the Crisis of the Age
Authors: Bravo Nassim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this article I offer an introduction to Hans Lassen Martensen’s review of Heiberg’s New Poems, published in 1841. In his treatise On the Significance of Philosophy of 1833, the poet and philosopher Johan Ludvig Heiberg presented a diagnosis of what he perceived as the cultural crisis of the time. In his view, Danish society was afflicted by a frivolous and nihilistic worldview. A Hegel enthusiast, Heiberg thought that the cure for the crisis lay in a new philosophical perspective, capable of finding the universal and infinite within the particular and finite. But this was only possible to communicate through literature and, more specifically, through what he called speculative poetry. In the following years, Heiberg and his friend and colleague Martensen developed the notion of this new genre. This didactic campaign culminated with the publication of Heiberg’s New Poems, especially the piece “A Soul after Death,” accompanied by the review composed by Martensen.
Crossmodal correspondence between lexical tones and visual motions: a forced-choice mapping task on Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Gao Feier 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Crossmodal correspondence refers to the phenomenon in which individuals match stimulus features (e.g., auditory pitch) with different sensory modalities (e.g., visual size). While studies on correspondences exhibited by suprasegmentals have mostly focused on pitch-size and pitch-shape associations, audiospatial binding observed in the production and perception of Mandarin tones, where pitch of the syllable distinguishes word meanings, sheds light on the symbolic potential of auditory pitch. In the present study, a forced-choice mapping task was conducted in the form of a word guessing game, where native Mandarin listeners select the meaning of an auditory “alien” word from two visual motions. The results showed that: (1) listeners reliably match auditory tones with visual motions in the way that pitch trajectories are congruent with spatial movements, (2) vowel category impacts tone-motion correspondence when syllables are articulated in non-contour tones, and (3) the capacities in driving the tone-motion correspondence are different across tonal categories. These findings further contribute to our understanding of the sound symbolic potential of lexical tones and expand the boundary of crossmodal correspondence that can be demonstrated by pitch.
Microstructure and oxidation of a Ni–Al based intermetallic coating formation on a Monel-400 alloy
Authors: Yener Tuba , Özsarı Alperen Refik Bilal , Döleker Kadir Mert , Erdoğan Azmi , Yener Suayb Çağri 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this work was to examine how the microstructure and oxidation characteristics of Monel 400 Alloy were affected by the low-temperature aluminizing method. Monel 400 alloy was subjected to a low-temperature aluminizing procedure for 2 and 4 h at 600, 650, and 700 °C. Pure aluminum powder was used as the source of aluminum deposition to prepare the packs for the process. The activator and inert filler utilized were ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and Al2O3 powder, respectively. The coating surfaces were characterized using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. It was discovered that the through-thickness variance in the layer microstructure varied between 4 and 30 µm, and that it increased with greater process temperatures and times. The coating layer hardness grew to 800 HV after the deposition process, whereas the matrix hardness remained at 200 HVN. Furthermore, the sample that was coated at 600 °C for 4 h was exposed to oxidation at 750–800 and 850 °C. It was found that the oxidation kinetics were 176 kJ/mol.
Long-range molecular energy transfer mediated by strong coupling to plasmonic topological edge states
Authors: Buendía Álvaro , Sánchez-Gil José A. , Giannini Vincenzo , Barnes William L. , Rider Marie S. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Strong coupling between light and molecular matter is currently attracting interest both in chemistry and physics, in the fast-growing field of molecular polaritonics. The large near-field enhancement of the electric field of plasmonic surfaces and their high tunability make arrays of metallic nanoparticles an interesting platform to achieve and control strong coupling. Two dimensional plasmonic arrays with several nanoparticles per unit cell and crystalline symmetries can host topological edge and corner states. Here we explore the coupling of molecular materials to these edge states using a coupled-dipole framework including long-range interactions. We study both the weak and strong coupling regimes and demonstrate that coupling to topological edge states can be employed to enhance highly-directional long-range energy transfer between molecules.
Ultra-sensitive, graphene metasurface sensor integrated with the nonradiative anapole mode for detecting and differentiating two preservatives
Authors: Wu Gui Fang , Yan Feng Ping , Yan Xin , Wang Wei , Li Ting , Li Zhen Hua , Liang Lan Ju , Zhang Rui , Chu Fu Tong , Yao Hai Yun , Wang Meng , Wang Zi Qun , Wang Lu , Hu Xiao Fei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Graphene-based metamaterial sensors are of significant research value for detecting food preservatives at low concentrations due to their extremely high sensitivity levels. In this work, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated an anapole resonance-based graphene metasurface (An-graphene-Ms) sensor with its conductivity altered by electrostatic doping effects for detecting and differentiating between two preservatives, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate, in the terahertz region. Sodium benzoate, owing to its benzene ring structure, established π–π stacking interactions between the π-electrons in the benzene ring and those in graphene, amplifying the sensing effect. The amplitude changes and phase differences of the An-graphene-Ms sensor for the sodium benzoate detection were greater than those for potassium sorbate at the same concentration. Additionally, to reveal the dependence of the resonance frequency on the time delay, the measured signals were investigated using the continuous wavelet transform (CWT), and the time-frequency combination of the metasurface sensor was performed. The 2D wavelet coefficient intensity cards are effectively constructed through CWT, which also presents a more accurate approach for distinguishing and determining the concentrations of the two preservatives.
Photonic Dirac waveguide in inhomogeneous spoof surface plasmonic metasurfaces
Authors: Yang Yuting , Zhang Juyi , Yang Bin , Liu Shiyu , Zhang Wenjie , Shen Xiaopeng , Shi Liwei , Hang Zhi Hong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The metamaterial with artificial synthetic gauge field has been proved as an excellent platform to manipulate the transport of the electromagnetic wave. Here we propose an inhomogeneous spoof surface plasmonic metasurface to construct an in-plane pseudo-magnetic field, which is generated by engineering the gradient variation of the opened Dirac cone corresponding to spatially varying mass term. The chiral zeroth-order Landau level is induced by the strong pseudo-magnetic field. Based on the bulk state propagation of the chiral Landau level, the photonic Dirac waveguide is designed and demonstrated in the experimental measurement, in which the unidirectionally guided electromagnetic mode supports the high-capacity of energy transport. Without breaking the time-reversal symmetry, our proposal structure paves a new way for realizing the artificial in-plane magnetic field and photonic Dirac waveguide in metamaterial, and have potential for designing integrated photonic devices in practical applications.
Flat lens–based subwavelength focusing and scanning enabled by Fourier translation
Authors: Zhang Xin , Hu Yanwen , Lin Haolin , Yin Hao , Li Zhen , Fu Shenhe , Chen Zhenqiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate a technique for flexibly controlling subwavelength focusing and scanning, by using the Fourier translation property of a topology-preserved flat lens. The Fourier transform property of the flat lens enables converting an initial phase shift of light into a spatial displacement of its focus. The flat lens used in the technique exhibits a numerical aperture of 0.7, leading to focusing the incident light to a subwavelength scale. Based on the technique, we realize flexible control of the focal positions with arbitrary incident light, including higher-order structured light. Particularly, the presented platform can generate multifocal spots carrying optical angular momentum, with each focal spot independently controlled by the incident phase shift. This technique results in a scanning area of 10 μm × 10 μm, allowing to realize optical scanning imaging with spatial resolution up to 700 nm. This idea is able to achieve even smaller spatial resolution when using higher-numerical-aperture flat lens and can be extended to integrated scenarios with smaller dimension. The presented technique benefits potential applications such as in scanning imaging, optical manipulation, and laser lithography.
Some results involving the A

α
-eigenvalues for graphs and line graphs
Authors: da Silva Júnior João Domingos G. , Oliveira Carla Silva , da Costa Liliana Manuela G. C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Let

G

G

be a simple graph with adjacency matrix

A

(

G

)

A\left(G)

, degree diagonal matrix

D

(

G

)

,

D\left(G),

and let

l

(

G

)

l\left(G)

be the line graph of

G

G

. In 2017, Nikiforov defined the

A

α

{A}_{\alpha }

-matrix of

G

G

,

A

α

(

G

)

{A}_{\alpha }\left(G)

, as a linear convex combination of

A

(

G

)

A\left(G)

and

D

(

G

)

D\left(G)

, in the following way,

A

α

(

G

)

≔
α
A

(

G

)

+

(

1
−
α

)

D

(

G

)

,

{A}_{\alpha }\left(G):= \alpha A\left(G)+\left(1-\alpha )D\left(G),

where

α
∈

[

0
,
1

]

\alpha \in \left[0,1]

. In this study, we present some bounds for the largest eigenvalue of

A

α

(

G

)

,

{A}_{\alpha }\left(G),

and for some eigenvalues of

A

α

(

l

(

G

)

)

{A}_{\alpha }\left(l\left(G))

. Extremal graphs attaining some of these bounds are also characterized. Furthermore, some comparisons between the new bounds obtained in this study, and between these and some bounds presented by Nikiforov are made.
Extending dual-class stock: A proposal
Authors: Berger David J. , Fisch Jill , Solomon Steven Davidoff 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The increasing use of dual-class voting structures in public companies—and the frequency with which such structures contain sunset provisions—raises the issue of when and how such sunset provisions should be modified, extending the company’s use of the dual-class structure. Recent decisions have applied the entire fairness legal standard to dual-class extensions, but, in the recent Trade Desk case, the Delaware Chancery court concluded that the extension complied with the MFW standard and should therefore receive the protection of the business judgment rule.
We question the practicality of applying either entire fairness or MFW to dual-class extensions. Instead, we argue for a contractual approach in which the initial charter specifies the conditions under which a dual-class structure can be extended. The contractual approach increases the information available to shareholders at the IPO stage, thereby improving market efficiency. We argue that extensions that comply with such charter provisions should be insulated from entire fairness review.