bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propionate–producing bacteria, Acidipropionibacterium acidipropionici, prevents metabolic dysregulation via GPR41 signaling in high-fat diet-induced obese mice
Authors: Miyamoto Junki , Ando Yuna , Yamano Mayu , Nishida Akari , Murakami Kota , Kimura Ikuo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Obesity is a major healthcare problem worldwide and is induced by excess energy intake, resulting in gut microbial composition and microbial diversity changes. Through fermentation of dietary fibers, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) act as host energy sources and signaling molecules via G protein-coupled receptors such as GPR41. Acidipropionibacterium acidipropionici is widely used in many applications; however, in vivo studies on the effect of A. acidipropionici on propionate production and the regulation of energy homeostasis are unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the beneficial metabolic effects of A. acidipropionici by focusing on GPR41 signaling in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model. Here, we demonstrated that A. acidipropionici OB7439 (OB7439) improved host metabolism in HFD-induced obesity in mice. The intake of OB7439 improved metabolism in HFD-induced obese mice by increasing propionate production, regulating glucose tolerance, and inhibiting hepatic inflammation via GPR41 signaling. Our findings shed light on the potential of using OB7439 as an SCFA producer for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders. Based on these results, A. acidipropionici may serve as a potential therapeutic bacteria that inhibits obesity and modulates the gut microbial community.
Self-Supervised Multi-Level Generative Adversarial Network Data Imputation Algorithm
Authors: Xu Yi , Fang Shujuan , Xing Xuhui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Data missing has always been a challenging problem in machine learning. The Generative Adversarial Imputation Networks (GAIN) have been shown to outperform many existing solutions. However, in GAIN, because missing values lack ground truth as supervision, it is unable to construct reconstruction loss for missing values and can only judge the reasonableness of imputed values based on reconstruction loss of non-missing values and adversarial loss. From the perspective of granular computing, data has levels, and data at different levels of granularity encapsulates different knowledge. Therefore, based on granular computing, this paper proposes a self-supervised multi-level generative adversarial network data imputation algorithm (MGAIN). Firstly, multiple levels of data are constructed using nested feature set sequences. Then, GAIN is used to impute missing values at the coarsest granularity level, and the imputation results of missing values at the coarse granularity level are used as supervision for imputing missing values at the fine granularity level, constructing reconstruction loss for missing values at the fine granularity level. Finally, based on reconstruction loss of missing values, reconstruction loss of non-missing values, and adversarial loss, data at the finer granularity level is imputed. MGAIN imputes missing values level by level from the coarse granularity level to the fine granularity level to obtain more accurate imputation results. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Protective Role of CD44 and microRNA-146a in Tendinopathy: A Signaling Axis Targets Apoptosis
Authors: Hsu Che-Chia , Chen Shih-Yao , Ko Po-Yen , Jou I-Ming , Yang Hung-Wei , Chung Woei-Jer , Wu Po-Ting 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective
Tendinopathy refers to the clinical condition characterized by pain in a tendon accompanied by significant dysfunction, with preference given to pathological terms such as tendinitis and tendinosis. It is influenced by multiple factors, including chronic inflammation, senescence, and apoptosis. CD44 serves as a principal cell-surface receptor for hyaluronan (HA), a constituent of the extracellular matrix. Previous studies have shown that inhibition of the CD44 signaling pathway induces apoptosis, inflammation, and expression of matrix metalloproteinases in tendinopathic tenocytes. Furthermore, microRNA-146a (miR-146a) blocks interleukin-1β (IL)-1β-induced senescence in tendinopathic tenocytes. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the signaling axis between CD44 and miR-146a in tendinopathic tenocytes and tendons, which may finely regulate apoptosis.
Methods
Overexpression of CD44 and miR-146a in rat primary tendinopathic tenocytes and tendons were achieved through lentiviral vector-mediated transfer of CD44 cDNA (LVCD44) and precursor miR-146a (LVmiR-146a). TUNEL staining was performed to evaluate apoptosis. Additionally, LY294002, a PI3K/AKT inhibitor, and OX-50, an antagonizing antibody that blocks CD44 activity, in situ hybridization (ISH), and immunohistochemistry were used to examine the CD44-AKT-miR-146a signaling axis targeting Smad4 in tendinopathic tenocytes and tendons.
Results
Tendinopathic tenocyte transfectants overexpressing CD44 and miR-146a exhibited lower apoptotic cell numbers compared to transfectants treated with control vectors. Furthermore, the CD44-AKT-miR-146a signaling axis was shown to alleviate apoptosis in IL-1β-stimulated tendinopathic tenocytes and rat collagenase-induced Achilles tendons by inhibiting Smad4 expression.
Conclusions
We demonstrate that overexpression of CD44 and miR-146a protects tendinopathic tenocytes and tendons from apoptosis through the AKT/miR-146a/Smad4 signaling pathway.
Demonstration of Shape Analysis of Neutron Resonance Transmission Spectrum Measured with a Laser-driven Neutron Source
Authors: Koizumi Mitsuo , Ito Fumiaki , Lee Jaehong , Hironaka Kota , Takahashi Tohn , suzuki Satoshi , Arikawa Yasunobu , Abe Yuki , Lan Zechen , Wei Tianyun , Mori Takato , Hayakawa Tekehito , Yogo Akifumi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Laser-driven neutron sources (LDNSs) can generate strong short-pulse neutron beams, which are valuable for scientific studies and engineering applications. Neutron resonance transmission analysis (NRTA) is a nondestructive assay method for determining the areal density of each nuclide in a material sample using pulsed thermal and epithermal neutrons. An experiment demonstrating resonance-transition-spectrum measurement was conducted using an LDNS driven by the Laser for Fast Ignition Experiment at the Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University. A 6Li glass scintillation neutron detector with a gating circuit was placed 3.6 m from the LDNS. The output waveforms from the neutron detector were recorded and analyzed offline using the counting method. A resonance spectrum was extracted from only the data of three laser shots using a 115In and 109Ag plate sample. A simulated spectrum reproduced the experimental spectrum shapes. Shape analysis of the obtained spectrum was performed, and the fitting results reproduced the experimental parameters. These results indicate the applicability of an LDNS to NRTA for nondestructive material analysis.
The Degree of Cross-linking of Polyacrylic Acid Affects the Fibrogenicity in Rat Lungs
Authors: Tomonaga Taisuke , Izumi Hiroto , Nishida Chinatsu , Sato Kazuma , Nakamura Yuiko , Morimoto Toshiki , Higashi Yasuyuki , Wang Ke-Yong , Higashi Hidenori , Kojima Takuma , Sakurai Kazuo , Takeshita Jun-ichi , Moriyama Akihiro , Yamasaki Kei , Yatera Kazuhiro , Morimoto Yasuo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Polyacrylic acid (PAA) with different concentrations of cross-linker was instilled into the trachea of ​​rats to examine the effect of PAA crosslink density on lung disorders. Methods: F344 rats were intratracheally exposed to low and high doses of PAA with cross-linker concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, and 5.0% (CL0.1%, CL1.0%, and CL5.0%, respectively). Rats were sacrificed at 3 days, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after exposure.
Results: PAA with different cross-linker concentrations caused an increase in neutrophil influx, cytokine-induced neutrophils, and chemotactic factor (CINC) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from 3 days to 1 week after instillation. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in BALF and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) release in lung tissue were higher in the CL0.1% exposure group during the acute phase. Lung histopathological findings also showed that severe fibrotic changes induced by CL0.1% were greater than those observed in CL1.0% and CL5.0% exposure during the observation period.
Conclusions: CL0.1% was associated with more severe lung fibrosis, and a decrease in lung fibrosis was observed with increasing cross-linker concentrations, suggesting that the cross-link density of PAA is a physicochemical feature that affects lung disorders.
Experimental measurement for the optical power of interference between two coherent Gaussian laser beams
Authors: Wang Qiankai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In reference [Optik, 191, 33–36(2019)], the theoretical research on the optical power of interference between two coherent Gaussian laser beams has been conducted, the theoretical results showed that the resultant electric field power of interference between two coherent Gaussian laser beams can be unequal to the entire electric field power of two independent laser beams. In the present study, we have conducted a experimental measurement for the resultant electric field power of interference between two coherent Gaussian laser beams. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical results. The reason of variation for the entire resultant electric field energy has been discussed according to the principle of conservation of energy.
Advanced Elasticity and Biodegradability of Bio-based Copolyester Elastomer achieved by the Decrystallization of Isosorbide and Flexibility of 1,6-Hexanediol
Authors: He Xiaoyan , Huang Ran , Tang Lisheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The stability to against hydrolysis while maintaining excellent elasticity is one of most challenging problem in the development of biodegradable and environmental-friendly polyester elastomer. While monomers of longer chain can provide higher stability, the high crystallinity and rigidity impair their application in fabricating elastomer. This work reported a star-crosslinked Poly(butanediol-hexanediol-isosorbitol-itaconate-sebacate) (PBHIIS) elastomer synthesized by esterification and thermal curing. With the decrystallization effect of isosorbide as a large and rigid monomer, and the flexibility of 1,6-Hexanediol, the rigid (butanediol-itaconate-sebacate) copolyester system is successfully transformed from plastic to be elastomer with lower Tm and Tg, much higher elongation at break, and smaller tensile modulus, and the biodegradability is also improved. The strategy is demonstrated to be efficient and may serve as a potential technique in the future development of biodegradable elastomers.
Effects of physical activity on smart phone addiction in college students-chain mediation of self-control and stress perception
Authors: Ye Zicong , Zhang Ting , Peng Ying , Rao Wei , Yao Jie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
With the development of science and technology and the popularization of smart phones, the phenomenon of smart phone addiction has become more and more serious, especially among college students. This is not only a habit problem, but also an important topic involving physical, psychological and social health. Staring at the smart phone screen for a long time and over-immersing in various applications lead to not only physical problems such as vision loss and hearing weakening, but also deeper social and psychological problems such as increased psychological pressure and decreased social skills.Dual-process theory provides us with a unique perspective to deeply analyze the complex mechanisms behind smart phone addiction. Physical activity, as a healthy lifestyle, can help individuals to better resist the temptation of smart phones by increasing the level of physical activity and enhancing their self-control.
Methods
A total of 600 college students from two universities, Wuhan University of Science and Technology and Central China Normal University, were surveyed using the Physical Activity Scale, Stress Perception Scale, self-control Scale, and smart phone Addiction Burnout Scale. The questionnaire was statistically analyzed using SPSS 27.0 statistical analysis software. Correlation analysis, regression analysis, and mediation model were used to evaluate the relationships among physical activity, self-control, stress perception, and smart phone addiction among college students.
Results
Physical activity among college students was directly associated with smart phone addiction (β=-0.038), significantly mediated by self-control (β=-0.014), indirectly mediated by exercise adherence (β=-0.003), and indirectly mediated by self-control and stress perception (β=-0.004). Physical activity was a significant negative predictor of smart phone addiction among college students (β=-0.038, P < 0.001), and with the addition of the intermediate variables (self-control and stress perception), physical activity remained a significant negative predictor of smart phone addiction among college students (β=-0.017,P < 0.01).
Conclusion
Physical activity and self-control negatively predicted smart phone addiction, and stress perception was a negative predictor of smart phone addiction;self-control mediates in physical activity and smart phone addiction;stress perception mediates physical activity and smart phone addiction;self-control and stress perception play a chain mediating role in physical activity and smart phone addiction.
In water, Green and Efficient Multicomponent Synthesis of 4H-Pyran Derivatives catalyzed by LiOH·H 2 O under Ultrasound Irradiation
Authors: Masmoudi Nihel , Chtourou Manef 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This research work introduce a straightforward and efficient method for synthesizing 4H-pyrans via a multi-component cyclocondensation reaction involving aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and ethyl acetoacetate. This environmentally friendly approach utilizes ultrasound and water as the reaction medium, enabling the production of 4H-pyrans with good yields at room temperature. Notably, commercially available LiOH·H2O serves as a dual-activated catalyst, facilitating the formation of benzylidene intermediates and serving as a mild base for 4H-pyran production. The simplicity of the operational procedure, short reaction times, cleanliness, low cost and ready availability of LiOH·H2O, high efficiency, and excellent yields collectively render this novel approach highly appealing for 4H-pyran synthesis.
Large CO2 seeps and hydrates field in the Indian Ocean (Mayotte Island)
Authors: Cathalot Cécile , Rinnert Emmanuel , Scalabrin Carla , Fandino Olivia , Giunta Thomas , Ondreas Hélène , Rouxel Olivier , Rabouille Christophe , DUMOULIN Jean-Pascal , Bombled Bruno , Manoux Marine , Walker Sharon , Chavagnac Valérie , Rizzo Andrea , Tardivel Morgan , Prado Enora , Rawke Maria El , Mastin Manon , Donval Jean-Pierre , Guyader Vivien , Page Gabrielle , Matabos Marjolaine , Feuillet Nathalie 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

About 80% of Earth volcanic activity occurs underwater, releasing deep carbon to submarine environments and impacting Earth’s climate over geological timescales. The CO2 emitted during submarine eruptions and/or hydrothermal degassing creates local ocean acidification, affecting the seawater carbonate equilibrium and oceanic ecosystems at large regional scales. Here, we report for the first time the existence of a major CO2 hydrates field at the seafloor offshore Mayotte Island (Indian Ocean) associated with liquid CO2 venting, following the submarine eruption that occurred in 2018. Using detailed acoustic surveys and in situ Raman spectroscopy, we reveal multiple hydrate mounds and seep zones distributed over an area of 0.06 km². We show that the gas seeps are mainly composed of CO2, with minor contributions of CH4 and H2, with noble gas ratios and stable and radio-carbon isotopes clearly demonstrating their magmatic origin. Estimates of the CO2 emitted over the entire area represent about 0.5% of the global magmatic carbon flux. Our discovery also suggests that CO2 hydrates may potentially be stable at the seafloor at the right pressure-temperature conditions, bringing new prospects into CO2 sequestration and decarbonization pathways in the ocean, in particular regarding kinetics of hydrates dissolution and environmental impacts.
MENSA, a Media Enriched with Newly Synthesized Antibodies, to Identify SARS-CoV-2 Persistence and Latent Viral Reactivation in Long-COVID
Authors: Lee Frances , Haddad Natalie , Morrison-Porter Andrea , Quehl Hannah , Capric Violeta , Lamothe Pedro , Anam Fabliha , Runnstrom Martin , Truong Alexander , Dixit Adviteeya , Woodruff Matthew , Chen Anting , Park Jiwon , Nguyen Doan , Hentenaar Ian , Kim Caroline , Kyu Shuya , Stewart Brandon , Wagman Elizabeth , Geoffroy Hannah , Sanz Daniel , Cashman Kevin , Ramonell Richard , Cabrera-Mora Monica , Alter David , Roback John , Horwath Michael , O’Keefe James , Dretler Alexandra , Gripaldo Ria , Yeligar Samantha , Natoli Ted , Betin Viktoria , Patel Rahulkumar , Vela Kennedy , Hernandez Mindy Rodriguez , Usman Sabeena , Varghese John , Jalal Anum , Lee Saeyun , Lee Sang , Amoss R. , Daiss John , Sanz Ignacio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (SARS2) infection (PASC) is a heterogeneous condition, but the main viral drivers are unknown. Here, we use MENSA, Media Enriched with Newly Synthesized Antibodies, secreted exclusively from circulating human plasmablasts, to provide an immune snapshot that defines the underlying viral triggers. We provide proof-of-concept testing that the MENSA technology can capture the new host immune response to accurately diagnose acute primary and breakthrough infections when known SARS2 virus or proteins are present. It is also positive after vaccination when spike proteins elicit an acute immune response. Applying the same principles for long-COVID patients, MENSA is positive for SARS2 in 40% of PASC vs none of the COVID recovered (CR) patients without any sequelae demonstrating ongoing SARS2 viral inflammation only in PASC. Additionally, in PASC patients, MENSAs are also positive for Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in 37%, Human Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in 23%, and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV2) in 15% compared to 17%, 4%, and 4% in CR controls respectively. Combined, a total of 60% of PASC patients have a positive MENSA for SARS2, EBV, CMV, and/or HSV2. MENSA offers a unique antibody snapshot to reveal the underlying viral drivers in long-COVID thus demonstrating the persistence of SARS2 and reactivation of viral herpes in 60% of PASC patients.
Alkyl Triflimidate-Mediated Electrochemical Deaminative Functionalization
Authors: Wang Yi , Shu Hui , Tao Xiangzhang , Ni Shengyang , Liu Jiyang , Xu Jia , Pan Yi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

An efficient electrochemical strategy for the deaminative functionalization of alkyl amines has been described. The alkyl triflimidates was readily accessed by the treatment of primary alkyl amines with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride and unprecedentedly employed for C − N bond activation. Under cellular conditions or with the promotion of bases, triflimidates can be applied to a range of transformations, including boronation, sulfuration, selenization, sulfonation, oxidation, esterification, and amidation.
Ультразвуковое исследование легких в отделении анестезиологии-реанимации детского кардиохирургического профиля: обзор литературы
Authors: Грицан Алексей Иванович , Пфейфер А. А. , Гурченко С. А. , Ильиных К. А. , Сакович В. А. 
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION: Pediatric cardiac surgery is associated with a high risk of developing acute respiratory failure in the early postoperative period. An anesthesia and intensive care specialist has to make effective and quick decisions of the intensive care tactics considering the severity of the children’s condition, limited capacity of transporting and radiation exposure. As a result, there is the demand for a simple, quick, safe and highly sensitive method available to the anesthesia and intensive care specialist at the bedside, which may be met through implementation of routine lung ultrasound. OBJECTIVE: To combine, organize and analyze the data on application of lung ultrasound as a bedside diagnostic method in pediatric cardiac surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two independent researchers conducted a systematic review of articles published within the period from 2013 to 2023 in English (PubMed, Google Scholar) and Russian (eLibrary, Google Scholar) databases according to the PRISMA protocols. The search was based on the queries: “lung ultrasound”, “children”, “cardiac surgery”, “respiratory failure” in both English and Russian. The overall search result was 528 articles in English with 494 excluded from search after title and abstract reading. A total of 34 articles were considered for inclusion with 20 falling under at least one exclusion criterion. The final selection for detailed analysis was 14 articles. In Russian, a total of 897 articles were found, all of which were considered inappropriate for a systematic review. RESULTS: A total of 14 articles were studied to reveal information on the role of lung ultrasound in pediatric cardiac surgery as a method for diagnosis and assessment of interstitial syndrome, atelectasis, pneumothorax, diaphragmatic function and complex combined lung diseases. The utility of perioperative lung ultrasound and the effect of recruitment maneuver under ultrasound guidance as well as ultrasound predictors of successful tracheal extubation were assessed in children after cardiac surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The literature analysis has revealed that this bedside diagnostic method makes it possible to diagnose pulmonary edema, atelectasis, pneumothorax, to assess the diaphragmatic function, to perform visually guided recruitment maneuver as well as to predict successful tracheal extubation in pediatric cardiac surgery.
Ferric vs. ferrous arsenate amorphous precursors: properties and controls on scorodite mineralization
Authors: Chang Pei , Zhu Xiangyu , Cai Hongming , Zhang Jianchao , Li Siliang , Lu Xiancai , Wang Rucheng , Teng Hui Henry 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Amorphous iron-arsenate precipitates are significant As sinks in natural and industrial settings, and often serve as precursors to the crystallization of ferric arsenate minerals such as scorodite (FeAsO4·2H2O) and kankite (FeAsO4·3.5H2O). These amorphous phases have varied structures and compositions depending on geochemical conditions under which they form, but have not been well characterized except the frequently encountered amorphous ferric arsenate (represented as AFeIII in present study). Here, we intend to characterize another phase, amorphous ferrous arsenate (AFeII), which is formed in partially oxidized Fe(II)-As(V) systems, and carry out a comparative study on the properties and related scorodite mineralization processes relative to those of AFeIII. We synthesized both AFeII and AFeIII, determined their compositions and structures, and finally examined the amorphous-crystalline phase transition processes leading to scorodite mineralization. Computed chemical formulae showed AFeIII and AFeII can be represented by Fe(III)0.99AsO4·4.1H2O and Fe(III)0.48Fe(II)0.43(HAsO4)0.7(AsO4)0.3·4.0H2O, respectively, with AFeII containing 47.3% Fe(II) deduced from the pre-edge data of Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Structurally, the Fe-O bond at 2.02 ± 0.01 Å in AFeII was significantly longer than that of 1.99 ± 0.01 Å in AFeIII and scorodite. In addition, AFeII appeared to have a higher stability (slower kinetics of scorodite crystallization) under either atmospheric or aqueous conditions. Together with solution chemistry measurements, these findings suggest AFeII controls scorodite formation by limiting the occurrence of aqueous Fe3+ and retard amorphous-scorodite phase transition compared to the case of AFeIII. These findings improve our understanding of iron arsenate system and may find industrial applications to arsenic sequestration via scorodite mineralization.