bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ingreso a diálisis y mortalidad en un programa de prevención de la enfermedad renal crónica en Colombia
Authors: Sánchez-Pedraza Ricardo 
Published: June 2015

<p><strong>Antecedentes:</strong> La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) conlleva una alta morbimortalidad; los programas de prevención son eficaces para lograr mejores desenlaces clínicos.</p><p><strong>Objetivo: </strong>Determinar la frecuencia de inicio de diálisis y mortalidad en un grupo de adultos con ERC avanzada y evaluar qué variables clínicas y demográficas se asocian con estos desenlaces.</p><p><strong>Materiales y métodos:</strong> Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva en el que se evaluaron 511 pacientes con ERC en estadios 3 a 5, admitidos en un programa de prevención entre abril 2010 y mayo 2013. Se calcularon tasas de densidad de incidencia. La asociación entre los factores clínicos y demográficos con los desenlaces se evaluó usando regresión de Cox.</p><p><strong>Resultados:</strong> Los 551 pacientes evaluados contribuyeron con 1.199 años-riesgo; del total de pacientes 301 (54,6%) fueron mujeres; la media de edad fue de 75,8 años; las principales causas de ERC fueron hipertensión 431 (78,2%) y diabetes 101 (18,3%). Al ingreso al estudio, la mediana de tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG) fue 40,9 ml/min/1,73m² y la de índice de masa corporal IMC fue de 22,9 kg/m².</p><p>La tasa de inicio de diálisis fue 2,1 por 100 pacientes-año; se observó que otras causas de ERC (diferentes a hipertensión) y la diabetes, predicen mayor riesgo de inicio de diálisis, por el contrario, la mayor TFG y la mayor edad, menor riesgo.</p><p>La tasa de mortalidad fue 2.9 por 100 pacientes-año, los mejores predictores encontrados para este desenlace fueron TFG, IMC y sexo masculino; la elevación de la TFG y del IMC, están asociadas con menor riesgo. <br /> <strong>Conclusión:</strong> La mayor TFG disminuye el riesgo para ambos desenlaces; a diferencia de otros estudios, la edad avanzada parece ser predictor de bajo riesgo de mortalidad y no fue un buen predictor de inicio de diálisis.</p>
Vaciamiento gástrico y Diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Quintero Cadavid Camilo Andrés , Otero Regino William , Franco Vega Roberto 
Published: June 2015

<p>El adecuado control de la diabetes mellitus tiene una gran importancia desde muchos puntos de vista. En los últimos años se ha destacado el impacto que tienen los niveles de la glucemia posprandial sobre el manejo y las complicaciones de esta enfermedad. Controlar la hiperglucemia posprandial y por lo tanto su participación en el deterioro clínico de los pacientes con diabetes, puede conseguirse retardando el vaciamiento gástrico y estimulando el efecto incretina, los cuales se pueden promover utilizando los análogos del péptido similar al glucagón tipo 1 (GLP-1). En este artículo se revisa el concepto del efecto incretina y la utilidad de los análogos GLP-1 en el control de la glicemia en los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. </p>
TRANSFERENCIA DEL APRENDIZAJE MOTOR DESPUES DE UN TRATAMIENTO CON PROCEDIMIENTOS DE REEDUCACION FUNCIONAL EN PACIENTES CON ANTECEDENTES DE ACCIDENTE CEREBROVASCULAR: Serie de Casos
Authors: Castro Medina Karen , Perez Paez Mayra , Moscoso Alvarado Fabiola , Tanaka Clarice 
Published: June 2015

<strong>Objetivo: </strong>Describir la transferencia del aprendizaje motor en pacientes con antecedentes de accidente cerebrovascular después de un tratamiento con procedimientos de Reeducación Funcional. <strong>Materiales y métodos: </strong>Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de serie de casos, con pacientes que recibieron tratamiento Fisioterapéutico ambulatorio con los principios de Reeducación funcional en el Hospital las Clínicas de la Universidad de Sao Paulo (Brasil) entre agosto y octubre de 2013. La transferencia del aprendizaje motor se determinó al comparar los resultados obtenidos en cada evaluación (MiniBestest, desplazamiento centro de presión en la plataforma de fuerza) de cada paciente antes y después del tratamiento. <strong>Resultados: </strong>En dos de los tres casos se observó mejoría clínica en el desempeño de la evaluación de balance Funcional MiniBestest con porcentaje de mejora entre el 21% y 41 %. <strong>Conclusión: </strong>Existen pocos hallazgos literarios que describen el mantenimiento de la capacidad de aprendizaje motor en pacientes con antecedentes de ACV, este estudio reportó para los dos casos capacidad para transferir el aprendizaje motor a una habilidad motora no aprendida (balance), basados en las mejoría clínica del desempeño motor el test aplicado
ARTÍCULO DE REVISIÓN: GENERALIDADES DE LA IMAGEN CORPORAL/ REVIEW ARTICLE: OVERVIEW OF THE BODY IMAGE
Authors: RODRIGUEZ CAMACHO DIEGO FABRICIO 
Published: June 2015

<p><strong>RESUMEN</strong></p><p><strong>Introducción:</strong> La imagen corporal es la representación del cuerpo que cada individuo construye en su mente. Ésta contempla dos componentes: imagen corporal propiamente dicha y esquema corporal, caracterizados por ser una representación consiente e inconsciente del cuerpo respectivamente y son influenciados a partir de la interacción de los individuos con su entorno. <strong>Objetivo:</strong> El presente documento hace parte del marco teórico del estudio “Imagen corporal en futbolistas”, y contempla una revisión de las generalidades de la imagen corporal en relación a su construcción y desarrollo, sus componentes, dimensiones y los efectos que tiene sobre la práctica deportiva. <strong>Materiales y métodos:</strong> Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct y Google académico entre los años 1996 y 2014 introduciendo los términos “Imagen corporal en deporte”, “modelo interno en control motor”, “evaluación de imagen corporal”, “esquema corporal”. <strong>Conclusiones: </strong>La imagen corporal posee un comportamiento dinámico gracias al cual se construye y modifica a lo largo de la vida a partir de los estímulos sensoriales en términos de cuerpo y espacio, además de estímulos socioculturales que impactan directamente en la autoestima y rendimiento deportivo. El desarrollo de programas de actividad físico-deportiva generan un impacto positivo sobre la imagen corporal en todas las edades siempre y cuando se tengan presentes parámetros específicos de entrenamiento. En cuanto al esquema corporal estos programas favorecen el mejoramiento de funciones cognitivas, la adquisición y modificación de modelos internos que además son nutridos por estímulos sensoriales propios del entorno deportivo. </p>
La prismation des « laves en pavés » à Lanzarote et Ténérife (Iles Canaries)
Authors: Pomel René-Simon 
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - Les « laves en pavés » sont des formes prismées, sous-jacentes à une peau vitreuse enlevée par érosion. Elles sont associées à Lanzarote (îles Canaries), à des laves dégazées, ou dont le dégazage entretient un ralentissement du refroidissement, dans les tunnels et tumuli laviques. En présence de l'eau de mer, une coulée peu épaisse ne présente plus la prismation caractéristique à plusieurs mailles, mais un aspect écaillé.
Ce type de prismation ne peut être utilisé comme critère de surveillance d'un volcan par son exhaussement, mais est d'un grand intérêt morphogénétique.
Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy Increased Spine and Femoral Neck Bone Mineral Density of Patients with Active Ankylosing Spondylitis with Low Bone Mineral Density
Authors: Li Haibo , Li Qiuxia , Chen Xi , Ji Chen , Gu Jieruo 
Published: June 2015

Objective.To evaluate the effect of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy on bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with low BMD.Methods.Eighty-nine patients with active AS with low BMD were randomly divided into either a study group or a control group. The study group received etanercept (50 mg/week) or adalimumab (40 mg/2 week) subcutaneously for 1 year. BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and bone turnover markers serum C telopeptide of type-I collagen (sCTX) and serum procollagen type-I N propeptide (PINP) were detected by ELISA at baseline and at end of study.Results.After 1 year, compared with baseline, there was a significant increase in spine and femoral neck BMD by a mean ± SD of 14.9% ± 15.6% (p < 0.0001) and 4.7% ± 7.9% (p < 0.0001) in the study group. In the control group, there was a significant decrease in spine and femoral neck BMD by a mean ± SD of −8.6% ± 9.7% (p < 0.0001) and −9.8% ± 11.5% (p < 0.0001). Compared with baseline, sCTX was significantly decreased in the study group (−40% at 1 yr, p < 0.0001), but bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and PINP increased (45.6%, p < 0.0001 and 30.8%, p < 0.0001, respectively).Conclusion.In patients with active AS with low BMD, the spine and femoral neck BMD increased after anti-TNF therapy for 1 year, and it was accompanied by a significant decrease in bone resorption markers and an increase in bone formation markers.
Sex-specific Changes in Walleye Abundance, Size Structure and Harvest Following Implementation of Regulation to Protect Broodstock
Authors: Koupal Keith D. , Katt Jordan D. , Schoenebeck Casey W. , Eifert Brad E. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The popularity of walleye Sander vitreus fishing has resulted in the development of specialized regulations that are designed to protect these fisheries. In the case of Sherman Reservoir, Sherman County, Nebraska, the walleye population provides a sportfishing opportunity and serves as broodstock for the state. In 2009, for the primary purpose of protecting female broodstock, the regulation changed from a harvest limit of four walleye with 457-mm minimum length to allowing a reduced harvest limit of two walleye within a harvest slot (381–508 mm) and one walleye more than 711 mm. This study examined existing data sets to assess the percentage of spawning walleye protected with each regulation, sex-specific differences in relative abundance and size structure during broodstock collection and angler effort, total catch, and harvest of walleye. The new regulation has increased protection of female walleye by more than 90%, but decreased protection of male walleye by more than 60%. The relative abundance of female walleye caught per net during broodstock collection has more than doubled since the regulation was changed, but the size structure of female walleye collected during broodstock operations was similar. Correspondingly, the relative abundance of male walleye has declined since changing the regulation, but size structure remained similar. Effort and total catch of walleye by anglers were similar before and after the regulation was enacted, but harvest has increased by 130%. This regulation appears to protect female broodstock walleye, but it makes male walleye more vulnerable to angler harvest.
Evaluating the use of coded-wire tags in individually marking Odonata larvae
Authors: Catania S.V.L. , McCauley S.J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe tested a potential new tool for marking Odonata larvae internally, evaluating the retention rates of injected coded-wire tags (CWT) and the effects of these tags on larval performance. Two species of dragonfly larvae (Epitheca canis McLachlan (Odonata: Corduliidae) and Leucorrhinia intacta Hagen (Odonata: Libellulidae)) were injected with CWT. Tag loss rates were assayed over experimental periods of 22 and 60 days, respectively for the two species. To assess whether tagging had negative effects on larvae, mortality, and growth of tagged larvae were compared to untagged larvae held in the same conditions. Tag retention rates were high (92–100%) and CWT were easily retrieved from preserved larvae via dissection, permitting most tagged larvae to be individually identified. There was 100% survival in larvae injected with CWT and tags do not appear to impair growth. The high retention and retrieval rates of this marking approach combined with no increase in mortality associated with tagging suggest that CWT are a useful means of individually labelling a large number of Odonata larvae in a time-efficient manner.
To study the correlation of serum S-100 protein level with the severity of stroke and its prognostic
implication
Authors: Kumar Harish , Lakhotia Manoj , Pahadiya Hansraj , Singh Jagdish 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Objective: This study investigated correlation between mortality, stroke subtype and stroke severity with serum S-100 protein level prior to the treatment of the patients admitted to the emergency department and diagnosed with a stroke. Methods: Pretreatment sample were collected from the patients (n = 142) to determine S-100 protein level, age and sex-matched healthy individuals (n = 40) served as control. All patients had cranial computerized tomography scan/magnetic resonance imaging in the first 24 h. The neurological evaluation was made with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) in the acute stage. Results: Compared with controls, S-100 protein level were significantly higher in the stroke groups. In stroke groups, S-100 protein level was more significantly higher in the ischemic group than hemorrhage and transient ischemic attack group and highest in expired patients. Conclusion: Serum S-100 protein measurement can be used as an early marker of brain damage. There is a role of S-100 protein as a co-predictor of outcome in patients with acute stroke.
Disappointing reliability of pulsatility indices to identify candidates for magnetic resonance imaging screening in population-based studies assessing prevalence of cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Del Brutto Oscar H. , Mería Robertino M. , la Luz Andrade María de , Castillo Pablo R. , Zambrano Mauricio , Nader Juan A. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT
Background: Diagnosis of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a challenge in remote areas where magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not available. Hospital-based studies in high-risk or stroke patients have found an association between the pulsatility index (PI) of intracranial arteries - as derived from transcranial Doppler (TCD) - and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) of presumed vascular origin. We aimed to assess the reliability of cerebral pulsatility indices to identify candidates for MRI screening in population-based studies assessing prevalence of SVD. Methods: A representative sample of stroke-free Atahualpa residents aged ≥65 years investigated with MRI underwent TCD. Using generalized linear models, we evaluated whether the PI of major intracranial arteries correlate with WMH (used as a proxy of diffuse SVD), after adjusting for demographics and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: Out of 70 participants (mean age 70.6 ± 4.6 years, 57% women), 28 (40%) had moderate-to-severe WMH. In multivariate models, there were no differences across categories of WMH in the mean PI of middle cerebral arteries (1.10 ± 0.16 vs. 1.22 ± 0.24, β: 0.065, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.084-0.177, P = 0.474) or vertebrobasilar arteries (1.11 ± 0.16 vs. 1.29 ± 0.27, β: 0.066, 95% CI: −0.0024-0.156, P = 0.146). Conclusions: Cerebral PI should not be used to identify candidates for MRI screening in population-based studies assessing the burden of SVD.
Hypercoagulability in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia with epilepsy
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Sehnal Ernst 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTRecent data indicate that in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic teleangiectasia (HHT), low iron levels due to inadequate replacement after hemorrhagic iron losses are associated with elevated factor-VIII plasma levels and consecutively increased risk of venous thrombo-embolism. Here, we report a patient with HHT, low iron levels, elevated factor-VIII, and recurrent venous thrombo-embolism. A 64-year-old multimorbid Serbian gipsy was diagnosed with HHT at age 62 years. He had a history of recurrent epistaxis, teleangiectasias on the lips, renal and pulmonary arterio-venous malformations, and a family history positive for HHT. He had experienced recurrent venous thrombosis (mesenteric vein thrombosis, portal venous thrombosis, deep venous thrombosis), insufficiently treated with phenprocoumon during 16 months and gastro-intestinal bleeding. Blood tests revealed sideropenia and elevated plasma levels of coagulation factor-VIII. His history was positive for diabetes, arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, cerebral abscess, recurrent ischemic stroke, recurrent ileus, peripheral arterial occluding disease, polyneuropathy, mild renal insufficiency, and epilepsy. Following recent findings, hypercoagulability was attributed to the sideropenia-induced elevation of coagulation factor-VIII. In conclusion, HHT may be associated with hypercoagulability due to elevated factor-VIII associated with low serum iron levels from recurrent bleeding. Iron substitution may prevent HHT patients from hypercoagulability.
Pneumocephalus in cerebellopontine angle and meningitis secondary to chronic otitis media in a child
Authors: Ratre Shailendra , Yadav Yadram , Choudhary Sushma , Parihar Vijay , Kher Yatin , Hedaoo Ketan 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTPneumocephalus is a rare complication of chronic otitis media. Despite its rarity intra-cranial air carries a potential risk of increased intra-cranial pressure or meningitis, which requires immediate therapy. A 10-year-old child presented to us with complaints of fever, headache, vomiting, and decreased hearing from left ear. He had history of left ear discharge since 2 years. Clinical examination revealed neck rigidity and left chronic otitis media. Contrast enhanced computed axial tomography scan of head [Figure 1] and [Figure 2] showed pneumocephalus in left cerebellopontine angle, opacification of left middle ear and nonpneumatisation of left mastoid. Child was immediately put on empirical intravenous antibiotics and decongestants. He showed clinical improvement in 3 days. Pneumocephalus secondary to chronic otitis media is extremely rare; we are reporting one such case in a child with review of literature.
Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Orthodontic Mini-implants in the Transmucosal Profile Region
Authors: de Aguiar Adelson Mota , de Aguiar Arilton Mota , Pinzan-Vercelino Célia Regina Maio , Bramante Fausto Silva 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Aim
This study sought to compare the fracture resistance of three trademarked orthodontic mini-implants in the transmucosal profile region. Thirty-six mini-implants of three different brands, separated into groups I, II and III, were tested. Each group consisted of 12 mini-implants of 6 mm in length. The mean diameter and length of the transmucosal profile of the mini-implants were 1.90 and 2.0 mm in group I, 1.77 and 1.0 mm in group II and 1.50 and 1.0 mm in group III, respectively. The tests were performed on a universal testing machine in compression mode, with a 2,000 kgf load, a speed of 4.0 mm per minute and a chisel-shaped active tip, which acted crosssectionally on the transmucosal profile. Single-criterion analysis of variance was used to compare the three brands. A significance level of 5% and test power of 80% were adopted. The mean fracture resistance achieved by the mini-implants was 172.03 ± 25.59 N for group I, 162.35 ± 30.81 N for group II and 139.69 ± 42.99 N for group III. There was no statistically significant difference in mean fracture resistance among the tested mini-implant brands.

Conclusion
The transmucosal profile diameter does not seem to be a deciding factor in the choice of mini-implants to minimize the risk of fractures.

Clinical significance
Although being an in vitro study it is possible to believe that this new brand has a very satisfactory resistance to fracture and enables its use with great efficiency.

How to cite this article
de Aguiar AM, Bramante FS, de Aguiar AM, Pinzan-Vercelino CRM. Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Orthodontic Mini-implants in the Transmucosal Profile Region. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(5):372-375.
Evaluation of the Effects of Dental Implants on Oral Lesions
Authors: Agha-Hosseini Farzaneh , Rohani Bita 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective
To determine whether dental implants impress oral lesions, and to evaluate the nature of their effect on the lesions.

Materials and methods
A comprehensive search was done via Google and PubMed for articles (including case reports and literature reviews) containing the keywords ‘oral squamous cell carcinoma’ (OSCC), ‘oral lichen planus’ (OLP), ‘lichenoid contact reaction’ (LCR), ‘osseointegrated implants’, and ‘dental implants’, in the last 10 years (2002-2012).

Results
The study included 24 articles involving patients with dental implants, and some oral lesions (e.g. oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma) or with a history of lesions. In these publications, there is evidence suggesting the possibility of emergence, exacerbation, recurrence, or even malignant transformation of the oral lesions after implant placement in some cases.

Conclusion
Based on our review of the literature, implant treatment does not seem to be completely safe under any circumstances, but may have some complications in subjects with certain diseases (e.g. oral lesions, autoimmune diseases, malignancies, allergic reactions, etc.). Therefore prior to treatment, patients should be fully informed of the risks.

Clinical significance
Implant treatment is best done with caution in patients with cancer or mucocutaneous disorders.

How to cite this article
Agha-Hosseini F, Rohani B. Evaluation of the Effects of Dental Implants on Oral Lesions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(5):400-406.
Pregnancy Outcomes Complicated by Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes: Retrospective Review of Cases in Three Institutions in Kazakhstan
Authors: Imankulova Balkenzhe , Aimagambetova Gulzhanat , Saiddildina Layzzat , Ukybassova Talshyn 
Published: June 2015

Introduction. Pre-term premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. This complication is diagnosed in 3% of pregnant women in Kazakhstan, and it is the leading cause of pre-term deliveries. The aim of this study was to determine the outcomes of pregnancies complicated by PPROM in gestation periods between 24 to 32 weeks among three institutions in Kazakhstan.Methods. This is descriptive analysis of 154 cases with PPROM observed between 24 to 32 weeks of gestation at Perinatal Centers #2 and #3 and the National Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Astana, Kazakhstan. Cases were selected on the basis of retrospective chart review where PPROM diagnosis occurred in 2013. Descriptive statistics were utilized for data analysis.Results. The most frequent complications associated with PPROM were threat of miscarriage (13.6% of cases) and chronic placental insufficiency (7.8%). The mean time between PPROM and onset of spontaneous labor was 12.1 ± 2.3 days. Spontaneous labor within 3 days after PPROM started in patients with an amniotic fluid index of 3.0 ± 0.2 cm. Complications experienced by PPROM women during delivery and early postpartum period included: precipitous labor (6.4%), weakness of labor activity (16.2%), atonic hemorrhage (1.2%), and chorioamnionitis (3.2%). 37.6% of newborns in this study were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Their health complications included pneumonia (7.7%), conjunctivitis (1.3%), omphalitis and infectious-toxic shock (3.8%), intraventricular hemorrhage (7.8%), and respiratory distress (10.3% ).Conclusion. Thus, preterm rupture of membranes is associated with preterm delivery and an increase of neonatal morbidity. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways to effectively manage PPROM, including developing new techniques to restore the amniotic fluid volume in women experiencing PPROM during 24 to 32 weeks of gestation.