bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prison Break: Pathogens' Strategies To Egress from Host Cells
Authors: Friedrich Nikolas , Hagedorn Monica , Soldati-Favre Dominique , Soldati Thierry 
Published: November 2012

SUMMARY
A wide spectrum of pathogenic bacteria and protozoa has adapted to an intracellular life-style, which presents several advantages, including accessibility to host cell metabolites and protection from the host immune system. Intracellular pathogens have developed strategies to enter and exit their host cells while optimizing survival and replication, progression through the life cycle, and transmission. Over the last decades, research has focused primarily on entry, while the exit process has suffered from neglect. However, pathogen exit is of fundamental importance because of its intimate association with dissemination, transmission, and inflammation. Hence, to fully understand virulence mechanisms of intracellular pathogens at cellular and systemic levels, it is essential to consider exit mechanisms to be a key step in infection. Exit from the host cell was initially viewed as a passive process, driven mainly by physical stress as a consequence of the explosive replication of the pathogen. It is now recognized as a complex, strategic process termed “egress,” which is just as well orchestrated and temporally defined as entry into the host and relies on a dynamic interplay between host and pathogen factors. This review compares egress strategies of bacteria, pathogenic yeast, and kinetoplastid and apicomplexan parasites. Emphasis is given to recent advances in the biology of egress in mycobacteria and apicomplexans.
A cross-sectional survey and service evaluation of simple telehealth in primary care: what do patients think?
Authors: Cottrell Elizabeth , McMillan Kate , Chambers Ruth 
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveTo determine the patient experience of using a simple telehealth strategy to manage hypertension in adults.DesignAs part of a pragmatic service evaluation, the acceptability of, satisfaction with and ease of use of a simple telehealth strategy was determined via text, cross-sectional questionnaire survey administered by telephone, case studies, discussion groups and informal feedback from practices. This simple telehealth approach required patients to take home blood pressure (BP) readings and text them to a secure server (‘Florence’) for immediate automatic analysis and individual healthcare professional review.Participants124 intervention patients who used the Florence system.Setting10 volunteer general practitioner's (GP) practices in Stoke on Trent, UK, with poor health and high levels of material deprivation took part.ResultsPatient satisfaction was high. In particular, patients found the system easy to use, were very satisfied about the feedback from their GP regarding their BP readings, found the advice sent via Florence useful and preferred to send BP readings using Florence rather than having to go to the practice monthly to get BP checked. Overall satisfaction with the system was 4.81/5.00 at week 13 of the programme. Other advantages of being enrolled with Florence were improved education about hypertension, a greater feeling of support and companionship and flexibility which allowed self-care to occur at a time that suited the patient rather than their practice.ConclusionsThis simple telehealth strategy for managing hypertension in the community was met with high levels of patient satisfaction and feelings of control and support. This management approach should thus be considered for widespread implementation for clinical management of hypertension and other long-term conditions involving monitoring of patients’ bodily measurements and symptoms as a large number of meaningful readings can be obtained from many patients in a prompt, efficient, interactive and acceptable way.
Training-induced alterations of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis proteins in non-insulin-dependent type 2 diabetic men
Authors: Chung Nana , Kreutz Thorsten , Schiffer Thorsten , Opitz David , Hermann Robin , Gehlert Sebastian , Bloch Wilhelm , Brixius Klara , Brinkmann Christian 
Published: November 2012

This study investigates whether regular physical activity (moderate endurance or resistance training twice a week for 3 months) influences the key regulatory molecules of mitochondrial biogenesis (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC1α), nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF1), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM)) in patients suffering from non-insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (n = 16, years = 62 ± 7, body mass index (BMI) = 30 ± 4 kg/m2). Seven T2DM men took part in endurance training, and 9 men participated in resistance training. BMI-matched non-diabetic male control subjects (CON) (n = 7, years = 53 ± 6, BMI = 30 ± 4 kg/m2) were studied for comparison. The protein contents of PGC1α, NRF1, and TFAM were determined using immunohistochemical staining methods on biopsies taken from the musculus vastus lateralis. At baseline, no differences were observed in NRF1-density between the T2DM men and the CON, while the contents of PGC1α and TFAM were decreased in the T2DM men. PGC1α and TFAM contents were not changed in the T2DM patients after the training period, but NRF1 was decreased. The down-regulation of mitochondrial signaling molecules might explain the patho-physiological reduction in mitochondrial biogenesis found in T2DM. Physical training, as performed in our study, did not reverse the down-regulation of mitochondrial signaling molecules — at least not at 3 months after the training.
Levels of abstraction
Authors: Guzdial Mark , Robertson Judy 
Published: November 2012

The
Communications
Web site, http://cacm.acm.org, features more than a dozen bloggers in the BLOG@CACM community. In each issue of
Communications
, we'll publish selected posts or excerpts.

twitter

Follow us on Twitter at http://twitter.com/blogCACM
http://cacm.acm.org/blogs/blog-cacm
Mark Guzdial writes about the need for programming languages to support multimedia at all levels. Judy Robertson shares insights about 12-year-old students' lack of understanding about computer science.
The Prognostic Value of Left Atrial Peak Reservoir Strain in Acute Myocardial Infarction Is Dependent on Left Ventricular Longitudinal Function and Left Atrial Size
Authors: Ersbøll Mads , Andersen Mads J. , Valeur Nana , Mogensen Ulrik Madvig , Waziri Homa , Møller Jacob Eifer , Hassager Christian , Søgaard Peter , Køber Lars 
Published: November 2012

Background—
Peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) during the reservoir phase has been proposed as a measure of left atrium function in a range of cardiac conditions, with the potential for added pathophysiological insight and prognostic value. However, no studies have assessed the interrelation of PALS and left ventricular longitudinal strain (global longitudinal strain) in large-scale populations in regard to prognosis.

Methods and Results—

We prospectively included 843 patients (mean age 62.1±11.8; 74% male) with acute myocardial infarction and measured global longitudinal strain, left atrium volumes, and PALS within 48 hours of admission. PALS was related to a composite outcome of death and heart failure hospitalization. Reduced PALS was associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and Killip class >1 (
P
<0.05 for all). Reduced PALS was associated with impairment of all measures of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, and the correlation between global longitudinal strain and PALS was highly significant (
P
<0.001;
r
=–0.71). During follow-up (median 23.0 months Q1–Q3, 16.8–26.0), a total of 76 patients (9.0%) reached the composite end point of which 47 patients died (5.6%), and 29 patients were hospitalized for heart failure (3.4%). PALS was significantly associated with outcome (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85–0.90;
P
<0.001); however, no independent effect of PALS (HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.94–1.05;
P
=0.87) was found when adjusting for global longitudinal strain (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.09–1.33;
P
<0.001), maximum left atrium volume before mitral valve opening (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01–1.04;
P
=0.006), and age (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03–1.08;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
PALS provides a composite measure of left ventricular longitudinal systolic function and maximum left atrium volume before mitral valve opening, and as such contains no added information when these readily obtained measures are known.
Refined Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty for Inoperable Patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Mizoguchi Hiroki , Ogawa Aiko , Munemasa Mitsuru , Mikouchi Hiroshi , Ito Hiroshi , Matsubara Hiromi 
Published: November 2012

Background—
Although balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) for inoperable patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension was first reported over a decade ago, its clinical application has been restricted because of limited efficacy and complications. We have refined the procedure of BPA to maximize its clinical efficacy.

Methods and Results—

Sixty-eight consecutive patients with inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension underwent BPA. We evaluated pulmonary artery diameters and determined the appropriate balloon size by using intravascular ultrasound. We performed BPA in a staged fashion over multiple, separate procedures to maximize efficacy and reduce the risk of reperfusion pulmonary injury. A total of 4 (2–8) sessions were performed in each patient, and the number of vessels dilated per session was 3 (1–14). The World Health Organization functional class improved from 3 to 2 (
P
<0.01), and mean pulmonary arterial pressure was decreased from 45.4±9.6 to 24.0±6.4 mm Hg (
P
<0.01). One patient died because of right heart failure 28 days after BPA. During follow-up for 2.2±1.4 years after the final BPA, another patient died of pneumonia, and the remaining 66 patients are alive. In 57 patients who underwent right heart catheterization at follow-up, improvement of mean pulmonary arterial pressure was maintained (24.0±5.8 mm Hg at 1.0±0.9 years). Forty-one patients (60%) developed reperfusion pulmonary injury after BPA, but mechanical ventilation was required in only 4 patients.

Conclusions—
Our refined BPA procedure improves clinical status and hemodynamics of inoperable patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, with a low mortality. A refined BPA procedure could be considered as a therapeutic approach for patients with inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Posterior Cerebral Artery Laterality on Magnetic Resonance Angiography Predicts Long-Term Functional Outcome in Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
Authors: Ichijo Masahiko , Miki Kazunori , Ishibashi Satoru , Tomita Makoto , Kamata Tomoyuki , Fujigasaki Hiroto , Mizusawa Hidehiro 
Published: November 2012

Background and Purpose—
Prominent posterior cerebral artery (PCA) laterality upon 3-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography is often encountered in patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion. We hypothesized that this sign is correlated with improved functional outcome in patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.

Methods—
Fifty acute ischemic stroke patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion were treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator from April 2007 to October 2009. All patients routinely underwent initial (first 3 hours) magnetic resonance scans on admission, and additional follow-up (14–21 days after stroke onset) computed tomography scans. Two film readers blinded to all clinical information assessed the presence or absence of PCA laterality on magnetic resonance angiography. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and radiologic data on all patients.

Results—

Out of 50 patients, 20 showed PCA laterality on magnetic resonance angiography. National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score 7 days after stroke onset was significantly lower (
P
=0.007), and infarct volume on follow-up computed tomography was significantly smaller (
P
=0.009) in patients with PCA laterality than in patients without this sign. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed an adjusted odds ratio of 8.49 for a favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0–1 at 6 months) in patients with PCA laterality (95% CI: 1.82 to 55.8,
P
=0.005).

Conclusions—
The presence of PCA laterality on magnetic resonance angiography before intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator can be used as a predictor of favorable functional outcome in patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion, probably due to improvement of recanalization rate.
Enhanced Neuroprotection by Local Intra-Arterial Infusion of Human Albumin Solution and Local Hypothermia
Authors: Chen Jian , Fredrickson Vance , Ding Yuchuan , Cheng Huakun , Wang Ning , Ling Feng , Ji Xunming 
Published: November 2012

Background and Purpose—
We investigated the potential benefit of using a local infusion of low-dose and cold human albumin in ischemic rats as compared with systemic delivery.

Methods—
Stroke was induced in rats, and at 2 hours treatment groups received 0°C saline or low-dose albumin at 0°C or 37°C infused into the ischemic area.

Results—

The local low-dose cold albumin infusion, which achieved the hypothermic temperature (
P
<0.001), produced the greatest reduction in infarct volume and the best recovery of neurological function.

Conclusions—
The local low-dose cold albumin infusion into the ischemic area offered a combination of regional brain hypothermia and albumin administration, which enhanced neuroprotection and would be beneficial in the clinical setting.
Śānti Rites in the Development of the Purānic Rāajyābhiseka
Authors: Geslani Marko 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis article details the contribution of Atharvan and astrological śānti (appeasement) rituals in the formation of the Purānic rājyābhiseka (royal consecration), described most elaborately in the Visnudharmottarapurāna. It argues that the form of this ceremony derives from consecratory forms originating in late-Vedic Atharvan ritual manuals (Śāantikalpa and Pariśistas), and further developed in the Brhatsamhitā, rather than from earlier śrauta-era consecrations such as the rājasūya. “Vedic”/“Hindu” distinctions, which have been employed in earlier analyses of this rite, may lack the precision for capturing this historical development. The article also highlights the contribution of late-Vedic and astrological theories of ritual to medieval conceptions of kingship.
The Majālis-i Jahāngīrī (1608-11): Dialogue and Asiatic Otherness at the Mughal Court
Authors: Lefèvre Corinne 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBuilding on the literary traditions ofmunāẓara(disputation) andmalfūẓāt(teachings of a Sufi master), theMajālis-i Jahāngīrī(Assemblies of Jahāngīr) constitute a fundamentally dialogical work, in form as well as function. An account of the night-time sessions presided over by Emperor Jahāngīr from 1608 to 1611, this source highlights the Mughals’ will to assert their power on a Eurasian scale and the central role played by Iran, Central Asia, and Hindustan in the elaboration of imperial ideology and identity. It thus opens a new window into the mental representations and hierarchies that underlay the much celebrated Mughal cosmopolitanism.
Portrait of a Raja in a Badshah’s World: Amrit Rai’s Biography of Man Singh (1585)
Authors: Busch Allison 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA wealth of Old Hindi texts in the Rajasthani and Brajbhasha dialects survives from the early modern period, but they remain an underused archive of Mughal history. TheMāncarit(“Biography of Man Singh,” 1585) of Amrit Rai, one of the earliest known examples of Rajput literature about a Mughalmanṣabdār, provides fascinating perspectives on Mughal power, as seen from the perspective of the court of Man Singh Kachhwaha, one of the leading regional kings of Akbar’s day. Amrit Rai was as much a poet as an historian, which makes theMāncaritand the many Rajput texts like it challenging to interpret, but the possibility of gaining alternative perspectives on Mughal state formation makes such a hermeneutic enterprise essential.
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid and precise detection of the burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis, directly from diseased plant tissues
Authors: Peng Huan , Peng Deliang , Hu Xianqi , He Xufeng , Wang Qiong , Huang WenKun , He Wenting 
Published: November 2012

A novel, simple, rapid and highly sensitive assay and diagnostic tool for the burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis, was developed using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The LAMP assay was targeted on the specific fragments of rRNA gene D2-D3 regions of R. similis. The detection limitation of the LAMP assay was as low as ten copies of plasmid DNA containing the target DNA, 10 fg of genomic DNA and 5 × 10−5 nematodes. The detection sensitivity of the LAMP method for R. similis DNA was 10-100 times higher than normal PCR-based detection methods. The LAMP amplifications could be observed directly by eye by adding SYBR Green I and the lateral flow dipstick (LFD). LAMP assay for R. similis is a practical and useful diagnostic tool for early diagnosis of plant tissues infested by R. similis. The LAMP assay developed in this study is highly effective, easy to perform and readily adaptable for diagnostic and monitoring of the R. similis-diseased seedling in the field.
Dialectical Passions: Negation in Postwar Art Theory, Gail Day, New York: Columbia University Press, 2010
Authors: Noys Benjamin 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Gail Day’s Dialectical Passions not only traces the trajectories of leading New Left critics of art and architecture – T.J. Clark, Manfredo Tafuri, Massimo Cacciari, Craig Owens, Fredric Jameson and Hal Foster – it also provides a meditation on the problem of negation and the experience of defeat. This review retraces Day’s arguments, reflecting on her recovery and re-interrogation of negation and dialectics in postwar art theory. In particular, it aims to critically assess her stress on the ‘negative thought’ of Tafuri and Cacciari and the possibilities of reactivating a thought of negativity in the contemporary moment.
‘From Political Economy to Economics’ and Beyond
Authors: Fleetwood Steve 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBen Fine and Dimitris Milonakis have done political economy a great service by drawing attention to the insights lost in the twists, turns and reductions in the transition from political economy to economics. These two volumes constitute a solid foundation upon which a new generation can build a political economy for the future. This review presses some of their meta-theoretical arguments a little further than they actually do in an attempt to ‘toughen-up’ the new political economy and make it more able to carry the fight to economics.
Pseudo-Ṯaʿālibī’s Book of Youths
Authors: Talib Adam 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
This article presents a critical edition and study of a 17th/18th-century poetry collection that had previously been mistaken for al-Ṯaʿālibī’s lost Kitāb al-Ġilmān. It provides a codicological analysis of Berlin MS Wetzstein II 1786 in which the poetry collection is contained and also explains and corrects long-held misconceptions regarding al-Ṯaʿālibī’s connection with the text. Finally, the article situates this poetry collection in the context of Mamluk- and Ottoman-era epigram anthologies and the critical apparatus to the edition demonstrates the key features of intertextuality and popularity that characterised these poetry collections.
Men in the Remaking: Conversion Narratives and Born-Again Masculinity in Zambia
Authors: Van Klinken Adriaan S. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe born-again discourse is a central characteristic of Pentecostal Christianity in Africa. In the study of African Christianities, this discourse and the way it (re)shapes people’s moral, religious, and social identities has received much attention. However, hardly any attention has been paid to its effects on men as gendered beings. In the study of men and masculinities in Africa, on the other hand, neither religion in general nor born-again Christianity in particular are taken into account as relevant factors in the construction of masculinities. On the basis of a detailed analysis of interviews with men who are members of a Pentecostal church in Lusaka, Zambia, this article investigates how men’s gender identities are reshaped by becoming and being born-again and how born-again conversion produces new forms of masculinity. The observed Pentecostal transformation of masculinity is interpreted in relation to men’s social vulnerability, particularly in the context of the HIV epidemic in Zambia.
The Essence of Essentializing: A Critical Discourse on “Critical Discourse in the Study of Islam”
Authors: Berg Herbert 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Many scholars have called for more critical discourse in the study of Islam, particularly in response to post-9/11 scholarly and popular depictions of a normative, spiritual Islam in contrast to the aberrant, violent Islam. In objecting to these new representations of what Islam ought to be, these scholars promote what they believe the study of Islam ought to be. This disagreement about how to study and write about Islam is a reflection of a much more fundamental debate about the nature of the study of religion.
Transcendental Empiricism and the Transcendental Blues: A Response to More than Belief
Authors: Harvey Paul 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
This article examines how scholars who study the least likely subjects to be the targets of Manuel Vasquez’s call in More than Belief may nonetheless apply the arguments in the book. Harvey focuses especially on applying the concepts in More than Belief to studies of Protestants in the American South who historically have insisted that religion is defined by belief. These are people who conceived of religion in precisely the way Vásquez tells us not to; “religion” for them was a matter of the private conscience, was disembodied, full of doctrine and ratiocination, and as deeply individualistic (at least in theory) as one could possibly conceive. If Vásquez’s rich account of religious theory can be used to understand my subjects in some way, then they can apply to anyone. Even in a Protestant, text-centric, doctrinal region as the American South historically has been may be seen, religious expression has been at once locative, translocative (because of the huge numbers of people imported from other lands, voluntarily or involuntarily), and supralocative (because of the diasporic spread of varied religious traditions).
De Beneficentia: A Homily on Social Action attributed to Basil of Caesarea
Authors: Holman Susan R. , Macé Caroline , Matz Brian J. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
This paper introduces an anonymous work attributed to Basil of Caesarea entitled, De beneficentia, or “On beneficence.” The text is known from one manuscript dating to the thirteenth or fourteenth century, Berlin, Deutsche Staatsbibliothek, Phillipps 1467 (gr. 63), a collection of genuine and pseudonymous Basilian homilies. Although pseudonymous and extant (as far as we can determine) only in this sole manuscript, in some quoted fragments from the ninth and twelfth centuries, and in a sixteenth-century Latin translation, De beneficentia, shares a number of characteristics common to social homilies preached in the late fourth and early fifth centuries. This paper discusses the Berlin manuscript text in the context of the known fragments, other spurious, dubious, or pseudonymous homilies attributed to Basil, and its attributed relationship to social preaching in Christian late antiquity, and offers a new edition of the Greek text with its first English translation.