bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Fractionation of Anhydrous Milk Fat
Authors: Büyükbeşe Dilek , Emre Emine Elçin , Kaya Ahmet 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSupercritical carbon dioxide was used to fractionate anhydrous milk fat. Six fractions were produced at 40, 50 and 60 °C using pressure values of 10, 20, 25, 30, 33 and 36 MPa. The fractions were analyzed for fatty acids, thermal behavior, iodine and color values. Composition and yield of fatty acid methyl esters were evaluated at different fractionation conditions in relation to the original milk fat values. Short chain fatty acids (C4–C8), medium chain fatty acids (C10–C14) and total saturated fatty acids were decreased from fraction obtained in the order of 10–36 MPa, while long chain fatty acids (C16–C18:2) and total unsaturated fatty acids were increased. Fractions obtained in the raffinate stage of the fractionation exhibited higher melting behavior that obtained at the low CO2 pressures. The higher iodine value of raffinate fraction indicated that fraction was richer in oleic acid. Fractions produced at low pressures had lower melting behavior than those obtained at high pressures. Yellowness Index and b* values increased in raffinate fraction due to concentration of carotenoids.
Overall and unique similarities between parents' values and adolescent or emerging adult children's values
Authors: Barni Daniela , Alfieri Sara , Marta Elena , Rosnati Rosa 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe transmission of values between generations has gained more and more research interest over the last few years. One important outcome of the process of value transmission is the degree of similarity between parents and their children, that may vary across child's developmental stages. This study aimed to estimate the cultural stereotype effect on parent–child value similarity in adolescence and in emerging adulthood. Participants were 423 Italian fathers, mothers, and their adolescent (56.7%) or emerging adult (43.3%) children, who were asked to fill out the Portrait Values Questionnaire. Parent–child value similarity was small in size among families with adolescents, and significantly higher among families with emerging adults. Nevertheless, after removing stereotype effects, this difference disappeared, suggesting that the higher parent‐emerging adult value similarity was to a great extent socially derived. Implications of this finding were discussed.
Maternal and fetal outcomes of intimate partner violence associated with pregnancy in the Latin American and Caribbean region
Authors: Han Alice , Stewart Donna E. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBackgroundVery high rates of intimate partner violence during pregnancy (IPV‐P) are reported in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) but data on prevalence and obstetric‐related outcomes are limited.ObjectivesTo conduct a literature review on risk factors, prevalence, and adverse obstetric‐related outcomes of IPV‐P in LAC.Search strategySystematic review of studies in MEDLINE (1946–2012) and LILACS (1982–2012), and hand searching of reference lists of included studies. Search terms were variations of partner abuse and pregnancy in LAC.Selection criteriaStudies were excluded if they did not include IPV‐P prevalence or if the perpetrator was not an intimate partner.Data collection and analysisStudy quality was assessed via US Preventive Services Task Force criteria.Main resultsIn the 31 studies included, prevalence rates ranged from 3% to 44%. IPV‐P was significantly associated with unintended pregnancies and adverse maternal (depression, pregnancy‐related symptom distress, inadequate prenatal care, vaginal bleeding, spontaneous abortion, gestational weight gain, high maternal cortisol, hypertension, pre‐eclampsia, STIs) and infant (prematurity, low birth weight, neonatal complications, stillbirth) outcomes (grade II‐2 and 3 evidence).ConclusionsIPV‐P is highly prevalent in LAC, with poor obstetric‐related outcomes. Clinicians must identify women experiencing IPV‐P and institute appropriate interventions and referrals to avoid its deleterious consequences.
Epidemiologic profile, survival, and maternal prognosis factors among women at an obstetric intensive care unit
Authors: Bandeira Ana R.A.P. , Rezende Cezar A.L. , Reis Zilma S.N. , Barbosa Achilles R. , Peret Frederico J.A. , Cabral Antônio C.V. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the epidemiologic profile, maternal survival, and prognosis factors that might affect survival rates in the obstetric intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted between January 2007 and February 2009 in a tertiary referral ICU, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Critical patients during pregnancy and puerperium were followed from admission until discharge or death. Maternal survival was assessed in association with the cause of ICU admission, grouped into direct or indirect obstetric causes, by Kaplan–Meier curves and log‐rank tests.ResultsAmong 298 patients admitted to the ICU during the study period, mortality was 4.7% (n = 14). Hypertensive disorders (46.0%), hemorrhage (15.9%), sepsis (14.2%), and heart disease (5.7%) were the main causes of admission. Half of the patients who died were admitted for direct obstetric reasons (n = 7). Survival was statistically linked to the cause of admission: most survivors were admitted for a direct obstetric cause (75.5%; P = 0.044). Maternal survival rates of patients admitted for indirect obstetric causes were lower than those admitted for direct obstetric causes (27.8 and 19.6 days, respectively; P = 0.019).ConclusionThe main cause of admission was a decisive factor for maternal survival in the obstetric ICU. Direct obstetric complications had a better prognosis.
Antibiotic prophylaxis in prelabor spontaneous rupture of fetal membranes at or beyond 36 weeks of pregnancy
Authors: Nabhan Ashraf F. , Elhelaly Amr , Elkadi Mohamed 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics compared with placebo in preventing neonatal and maternal infection‐related morbidity associated with prelabor spontaneous rupture of membranes at or beyond 36 weeks of pregnancy.MethodsIn the present randomized controlled trial conducted during 2009–2011, 1640 women with prelabor spontaneous rupture of fetal membranes at or beyond 36 weeks of pregnancy were randomly assigned to receive a single dose of prophylactic intravenous antibiotics or placebo on admission to the labor ward of Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. The participants, caregivers, and investigators were blinded to the group assignment. The primary outcome measure was early‐onset neonatal sepsis. An intention‐to‐treat analysis was performed.ResultsEarly‐onset neonatal sepsis occurred in 34 (4.1%) and 24 (2.9%) neonates in the antibiotics and placebo groups, respectively (risk ratio 1.42; 95% confidence interval 0.85–2.37). Maternal infection outcomes were not significantly different between the 2 trial arms.ConclusionThe routine use of prophylactic antibiotics in women with prelabor spontaneous rupture of fetal membranes at or beyond 36 weeks of pregnancy does not reduce the risk of neonatal and maternal infection‐related morbidity.Trial registration number: ACTRN12608000501347
Integrating a complementary medicine consultation for women undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Ben‐Arye Eran , Schiff Elad , Raz Orit G. , Samuels Noah , Lavie Ofer 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo explore oncology healthcare providers' (HCPs') patterns of referral of women undergoing chemotherapy to a complementary medicine (CM) consultation integrated within a conventional oncology service.MethodsOncology HCPs used a structured referral system for referral to an integrative physician (IP) for CM consultation. Referral goals were in accordance with a specified list of quality‐of‐life (QOL) outcomes.ResultsIn total, the study HCPs referred 282 female patients, of whom 238 (84.4%) underwent CM consultation by the study IP: 59 (24.8%) with gynecologic cancer and 179 (75.2%) with non‐gynecologic cancer. Use of CM for cancer‐related outcomes was significantly higher among referred patients with gynecologic cancer than those with non‐gynecologic cancer (69.5% vs 46.9%; P = 0.003). Oncologists initiated most of the referrals in the gynecologic oncology group, whereas oncologic nurses referred most patients in the non‐gynecologic oncology group. Among patients with gynecologic cancer, the correlation between HCP indication and patient expectation was high for gastrointestinal concerns (κ 0.41).ConclusionThe integration of a structured and informed process of referral to CM consultation may enhance patient‐centered care and QOL during chemotherapy.
Detaching the ties of ownership: the effects of hand washing on the exchange of endowed products
Authors: Florack Arnd , Kleber Janet , Busch Romy , Stöhr David 
Published: October 2013

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated that the ownership of a product leads to a biased perception of its aspects. Based on research on embodied cognition, we argue that the physical action of hand washing can reset the cognitive system to a more neutral state by reducing the asymmetrical perception of owned and not owned products. In three studies, we examined the effects of hand washing on the endowment effect by asking owners of a product to exchange it for a similar one. As expected, in Experiment 1, we showed that hand washing doubled the percentage of participants who exchanged an owned product for an alternative product. In Experiment 2, we replicated this finding and showed that only the action of hand washing and not a prime of physical cleaning elicited this effect. In Experiment 3, we again replicated the hand washing effect on exchange rates and examined the effect of hand washing on product evaluations. The results of all experiments suggest that hand washing reduces decision preferences that are biased by ownership.
Leveraging supply chain visibility for responsiveness: The moderating role of internal integration
Authors: Williams Brent D. , Roh Joseph , Tokar Travis , Swink Morgan 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAs global supply chains compete in an increasingly complex and rapidly changing business environment, supply chain responsiveness has become a highly prized capability. To increase responsiveness, supply chain managers often seek information that provides greater visibility into factors affecting both demand and supply. Managers often claim, however, that they are awash in data yet lacking in valuable information. Taken together, these conditions suggest that supply chain visibility is a necessary, but insufficient capability for enabling supply chain responsiveness. Based on organizational information processing theory, we posit that a supply chain organization's internal integration competence provides complementary information processing capabilities required to yield expected responsiveness from greater supply chain visibility. An analysis of data from 206 firms strongly supports this hypothesis. For supply chain managers, these findings indicate that a strategy for achieving supply chain responsiveness requires a dual‐pronged approach that aligns increased visibility with extensive information processing capabilities from internal integration. For researchers, this study provides an initial examination of visibility as a construct, and extends a growing literature addressing integration as an information processing capability.
High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of atomic bromine in solid parahydrogen and orthodeuterium
Authors: Raston Paul L. , Kettwich Sharon C. , Anderson David T. 
Published: October 2013

This work extends our earlier investigation of the near-infrared absorption spectroscopy of atomic bromine (Br) trapped in solid parahydrogen (pH2) and orthodeuterium (oD2) [S. C. Kettwich, L. O. Paulson, P. L. Raston, and D. T. Anderson, J. Phys. Chem. A 112, 11153 (2008)]. We report new spectroscopic observations on a series of double transitions involving excitation of the weak Br-atom spin-orbit (SO) transition (2P1/2 ← 2P3/2) in concert with phonon, rotational, vibrational, and rovibrational excitation of the solid molecular hydrogen host. Further, we utilize the rapid vapor deposition technique to produce pH2 crystals with a non-equilibrium mixture of face centered cubic (fcc) and hexagonal closed packed (hcp) crystal domains in the freshly deposited solid. Gentle annealing (T = 4.3 K) of the pH2 sample irreversibly converts the higher energy fcc crystal domains to the slightly more stable hcp structure. We follow the extent of this conversion process using the intensity of the U1(0) transition of solid pH2 and correlate crystal structure changes with changes in the integrated intensity of Br-atom absorption features. Annealing the pH2 solid causes the integrated intensity of the zero-phonon Br SO transition to increase approximately 45% to a value that is 8 times larger than the gas phase value. We show that the magnitude of the increase is strongly correlated to the fraction of hcp crystal domains within the solid. Theoretical calculations presented in Paper II show that these intensity differences are caused by the different symmetries of single substitution sites for these two crystal structures. For fully annealed Br-atom doped pH2 solids, where the crystal structure is nearly pure hcp, the Br-atom SO transition sharpens considerably and shows evidence for resolved hyperfine structure.
Do High Food Prices Increase Food Insecurity in the United States?
Authors: Gregory Christian A. , Coleman‐Jensen Alisha 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWhile research establishing the link between high food prices and increased food insecurity in developing countries is robust, similar research about the United States has been lacking. This has been due in part to a lack of suitable price data, but it has also been due to the assumption that prices matter less in the United States, where households spend a relatively small fraction of their income on food. In this article we examine the role that local food prices play in determining food insecurity in the United States by using newly‐developed price data. We examine whether low‐income households participating in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly Food Stamps) are more likely to be food insecure in areas where food prices are higher. We find that the average effect of food prices on the probability of food insecurity is positive and significant: a one‐standard deviation increase in food prices is associated with increases of 2.7, 2.6, and 3.1 percentage points in household, adult, and child food insecurity, respectively. These marginal effects amount to 5.0%, 5.1%, and 12.4% increases in the prevalence of food insecurity for SNAP households, adults, and children, respectively. These results suggest that indexing SNAP benefits to local food prices could improve the ability of the program to reduce food insecurity and economic hardship more generally in areas with high food prices.
A wavelet-based method to exploit epigenomic language in the regulatory region
Authors: Nguyen Nha , Vo An , Won Kyoung-Jae 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Epigenetic landscapes in the regulatory regions reflect binding condition of transcription factors and their co-factors. Identifying epigenetic condition and its variation is important in understanding condition-specific gene regulation. Computational approaches to explore complex multi-dimensional landscapes are needed.
Results: To study epigenomic condition for gene regulation, we developed a method, AWNFR, to classify epigenomic landscapes based on the detected epigenomic landscapes. Assuming mixture of Gaussians for a nucleosome, the proposed method captures the shape of histone modification and identifies potential regulatory regions in the wavelet domain. For accuracy estimation as well as enhanced computational speed, we developed a novel algorithm based on down-sampling operation and footprint in wavelet. We showed the algorithmic advantages of AWNFR using the simulated data. AWNFR identified regulatory regions more effectively and accurately than the previous approaches with the epigenome data in mouse embryonic stem cells and human lung fibroblast cells (IMR90). Based on the detected epigenomic landscapes, AWNFR classified epigenomic status and studied epigenomic codes. We studied co-occurring histone marks and showed that AWNFR captures the epigenomic variation across time.
Availability and implementation: The source code and supplemental document of AWNFR are available at http://wonk.med.upenn.edu/AWNFR.
Contact: wonk@mail.med.upenn.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
How Do Hospitals Cope with Sustained Slow Growth in Medicare Prices?
Authors: White Chapin , Wu Vivian Yaling 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveTo estimate the effects of changes in Medicare inpatient hospital prices on hospitals' overall revenues, operating expenses, profits, assets, and staffing.Primary Data SourceMedicare hospital cost reports (1996–2009).Study DesignFor each hospital, we quantify the year‐to‐year price impacts from changes in the Medicare payment formula. We use cumulative simulated price impacts as instruments for Medicare inpatient revenues. We use a series of two‐stage least squares panel data regressions to estimate the effects of changes in Medicare revenues among all hospitals, and separately among not‐for‐profit versus for‐profit hospitals, and among hospitals experiencing real price increases (“gainers”) versus decreases (“losers”).Principal FindingsMedicare price cuts are associated with reductions in overall revenues even larger than the direct Medicare price effect, consistent with price spillovers. Among not‐for‐profit hospitals, revenue reductions are fully offset by reductions in operating expenses, and profits are unchanged. Among for‐profit hospitals, revenue reductions decrease profits one‐for‐one. Responses of gainers and losers are roughly symmetrical.ConclusionsOn average, hospitals do not appear to make up for Medicare cuts by “cost shifting,” but by adjusting their operating expenses over the long run. The Medicare price cuts in the Affordable Care Act will “bend the curve,” that is, significantly slow the growth in hospitals' total revenues and operating expenses.
Structure and function of voltage‐gated sodium channels at atomic resolution
Authors: Catterall William A. 
Published: October 2013

New Findings
What is the topic of this review?The central goal of the research reviewed here is to understand the functional properties of voltage‐gated sodium channels at the level of high‐resolution structure of the channel protein.
What advances does it highlight?The key functional properties of voltage‐gated sodium channels, including voltage‐dependent activation. Sodium conductance and selectivity, block by local anesthetics and related drugs, and both fast and slow inactivation, are now understood at the level of protein structure with high resolution. These emerging high‐resolution structural models may lead to development of safer and more efficacious drugs for treatment of epilepsy, chronic pain, and cardiac arrhythmia through structure‐based drug design.
Voltage‐gated sodium channels initiate action potentials in nerve, muscle and other excitable cells. Early physiological studies described sodium selectivity, voltage‐dependent activation and fast inactivation, and developed conceptual models for sodium channel function. This review article follows the topics of my 2013 Sharpey‐Schafer Prize Lecture and gives an overview of research using a combination of biochemical, molecular biological, physiological and structural biological approaches that have elucidated the structure and function of sodium channels at the atomic level. Structural models for voltage‐dependent activation, sodium selectivity and conductance, drug block and both fast and slow inactivation are discussed. A perspective for the future envisions new advances in understanding the structural basis for sodium channel function and the opportunity for structure‐based discovery of novel therapeutics.
Integrative physiological and computational approaches to understand autonomic control of cerebral autoregulation
Authors: Tan Can Ozan , Taylor J. Andrew 
Published: October 2013

New Findings
What is the topic of this review?This review focuses on the autonomic control of the cerebral vasculature in health and disease from an integrative physiological and computational perspective.
What advances does it highlight?This review highlights recent studies exploring autonomic effectors of cerebral autoregulation as well as recent advances in experimental and analytical approaches to understand cerebral autoregulation.
The brain requires steady delivery of oxygen and glucose, without which neurodegeneration occurs within minutes. Thus, the ability of the cerebral vasculature to maintain relatively steady blood flow in the face of changing systemic pressure, i.e. cerebral autoregulation, is critical to neurophysiological health. Although the study of autoregulation dates to the early 20th century, only the recent availability of cerebral blood flow measures with high temporal resolution has allowed rapid, beat‐by‐beat measurements to explore the characteristics and mechanisms of autoregulation. These explorations have been further enhanced by the ability to apply sophisticated computational approaches that exploit the large amounts of data that can be acquired. These advances have led to unique insights. For example, recent studies have revealed characteristic time scales wherein cerebral autoregulation is most active, as well as specific regions wherein autonomic mechanisms are prepotent. However, given that effective cerebral autoregulation against pressure fluctuations results in relatively unchanging flow despite changing pressure, estimating the pressure–flow relationship can be limited by the error inherent in computational models of autoregulatory function. This review focuses on the autonomic neural control of the cerebral vasculature in health and disease from an integrative physiological perspective. It also provides a critical overview of the current analytical approaches to understand cerebral autoregulation.