bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Four Primary Malignant Tumors, Including Malignant Melanoma and Malignant Lymphoma, in the Same Adult Patient
Authors: Igisu Kyoko , Seki Yoshihito , Oka Teruaki , Ohara Kuniaki , Tamaki Kunihiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractWe report an 80‐year‐old Japanese male with four primary malignant tumors: malignant melanoma, prostatic cancer, malignant lymphoma, and renal cell carcinoma, which occurred in that respective order. The combination of malignant melanoma and malignant lymphoma is rare. The patient was treated with BCG after an operation for malignant melanoma. He was also treated with cobalt 60 irradiation after an operation for prostatic cancer. We also discuss other reports of multiple malignant tumors and suggest some possible causes of this patient's primary malignant tumors.
Clonal Variation in Expression of p97 Antigen in Human Melanoma Cell Lines Detected by Mixed Passive Hemagglutination
Authors: Saida Toshiaki , Uno Akihiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe expression of a melanoma‐associated antigen (MAA), p97, on the cell surfaces of five human melanoma cell lines was investigated with the recently developed mixed passive hemagglutination (MPHA) method. Two of these lines, HMV‐I and HMV‐II, were subclones separated by cloning from a common original cell line. In all cell lines except HMV‐I, definite expression of p97 antigen was detected in MPHA However, virtually no expression of the antigen was observed in the HMV‐I cell line. These results were confirmed by immunoelectron microscopic study. The present study is meaningful for the following two reasons. First, it was shown that MPHA is a sensitive and conventional method for detection of tumor‐associated surface antigens on cultured neoplastic cells. Second, this is the first report of clonal variation in expression of p97 antigen between subclones of a human melanoma cell line. Clonal variation in expression of a MAA as shown in the present study may cause serious problems when a monoclonal antibody is used for immunodiagnosis or immunotherapy.
Effect of Divalent Cations and Proteases on Skin Sulfhydryl Oxidase Activity
Authors: Yamada Hiromichi , Takamori Kenji , Ogawa Hideoki 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCrude skin sulfhydryl oxidase was independently isolated from the living cell layer, the granular cell layer, and the lower living cell layer (spinous and basal) of cow snout. The properties of this enzyme were subsequendy investigated. The addition of 1 mM CuCl2 and FeCl2 stimulated the enzyme activity to 216% and 166% of the initial activity, respectively. Neither CaCl2 nor MgCl2 had much effect on the activity, and ZnCl2 inhibited it. Diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC), a copper ion chelating agent, inhibited the activity in a dose and pre‐incubation time‐dependent manner: however, other divalent cation chelators such as EDTA, EGTA, o‐phenanthrolin and α,α'‐dipyridyl did not have any effect on the enzyme's behavior. From these findings, it was determined that Cu2+ was essential for the activity of skin sulfhydryl oxidase. This enzyme was stimulated to 130–150% of its initial activity by treatment with 1 mg/ml trypsin, chymotrypsin or urokinase but was not affected by plasmin, elastase or cathepsin D. Trypsin treatment enhanced the activity in a dose and treatment‐time dependent manner. Skin sulfhydryl oxidase from the lower living cell layer (spinous and basal) was more highly activated by trypsin treatment than was that from the granular cell layer. These findings suggest that this enzyme may be activated by some kind of serine proteases during the keratinocytes autolysis process in the granular cell layer.
Superoxide Dismutase in Epidermis (1)
Authors: Ohkuma Noritaka , Matsuo Shinobu , Iizuka Hajime , Ohkawara Akira 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSuperoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalytically scavenges superoxide anion (O–2), constitutes an essential defense against the toxicity of oxygen. We investigated the enzyme activity of pig skin epidermis. SOD activity was determined by monitoring the inhibitory effect of SOD on red formazan formation from neotetrazolium, which depends on (O–2) generation. (O–2) was generated by the hypoxanthine‐xanthine oxidase reaction. Pig epidermis contained significant amounts of heat‐labile SOD activity which was proportional to the added epidermal homogenate. The optimal pH of the reaction was between pH 8.2 and 8.5. Metallochelating agents such as cyanide, sodium azide, and diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) inhibited the epidermal SOD activity in a dose‐dependent manner. It has been known that two types of SOD, a Cu, Zn‐type and a Mn‐type, are present in eukaryotes; that the latter is insensitive to cyanide inhibition. Using this property, the main SOD present in the epidermis was hypothesized to be the Cu, Zn‐type (8.6 ±1.1 unit/mg protein; around 75%); the Mn‐type was a minor component (2.8 ± 0.2 unit/mg protein; around 25%). SOD staining following acrylamide disc gel electrophoresis revealed two epidermal SOD bands, one of which was abolished by the addition of cyanide. These results are consistent with the view that pig epidermis contains two types of SOD, a Cu, Zn‐type and a Mn‐type; the former appears to be predominant.
Allergic Contact Dermatitis from Cosmetics
Authors: Goh Chee Leok 
Published: April 2015

AbstractOf 70,289 dermatological patients seen in a skin hospital in Singapore, 0.2% suffered from cosmetic allergy. This represents 4.7% of the 2,471 patients patch tested in the contact dermatitis clinic of the hospital. The prevalence of cosmetic allergy, especially to hair dyes, increases with age. The difference in the prevalence of allergic dermatitis to hair dyes in men (1.2%) and women (0.7%) was not statistically significant, but the difference in the prevalence of allergic dermatitis to the other cosmetics was significantly higher in women (5.1%) than men (2.4%). Perfumes, colognes, make‐up, and hair dyes were the most common causative allergens. Fragrances and paraphenylenediamine were the most common sensitizers. Contact allergy to preservatives, lanolin, or other cosmetic ingredients were uncommon. Cosmetic labelling is strongly recommended, as it facilitates investigation of patients with cosmetic allergy.
Genital Paget's Disease: A Histological Study of the Tumor Margin
Authors: Sano Yutaka , Sakuma Hideo , Hara Tohru , Saeki Hideaki , Sugawara Mitsuo , Tasaki Michiko , Sato Shizuo , Ito Izumi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe lesion of genital Paget's disease usually shows pigmentation, depigmentation, erosion and tumor formation. Skin surrounding the lesion looks normal macroscopically. We call this junction between the resion and surrounding skin the macroscopic margin.The mapping of 3 male cases of genital Paget's disease showed complicated infiltration patterns on the skin surface. We classified these infiltration patterns into 3 types.From a study of preparations according to this classification, we found the recommendable to make a wide excision of the tumor, including the surrounding area reaching more than 3 to 5 cm from the macroscopic margin, since this margin is not reliable in deciding the optimal extent of resection. Moreover, it is recommended that unnecessary resection should be avoided by performing close biopsy preoperatively, especially when there is infiltration around the anus, and that histological examination of the whole margin of the resected tissue be made.
Process of Foam Cell Formation in Diet‐induced Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit and the Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Rabbit
Authors: Ikeda Mitsunori , Kodama Hajime , Nohara Nozomi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractXanthoma was induced by intradermal dextran sulfate (DS) injections into diet‐induced hypercholesterolemic rabbits (HCR) and a Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbit. The number of infiltrating foam cells and the accumulation of cholesteryl esters, especially cholesteryl oleate, were more remarkable in a HCR with extremely high serum cholesterol level (1,176 mg/100 ml) than in the WHHL rabbit (serum cholesterol level of 327 mg/100 ml), but the number of infiltrating foam cells and the accumulation of cholesteryl esters were similar in a HCR with a serum cholesterol level of about 300 mg/100 ml and the WHHL rabbit. Apparently, the infiltration of foam cells and their accumulations of cholesteryl esters were correlated with serum total cholesterol level. Cholesterol esterification was stimulated and cholesterol synthesis was suppressed in the histiocyte infiltrating dermis incubated with very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) from either the HCR or WHHL rabbit. But supplements of the LDL from normolipemic rabbits (NLR) did not strongly stimulate cholesterol esterification and scarcely suppressed cholesterol synthesis. This suggests that the lipoproteins of the HCR and WHHL rabbit are more easily taken up by dermal histiocytes than the LDL of the NLR. Among the separate lipoprotein classes of the two distinct types of hypercholesterolemic rabbits, there were no significant differences in cholesterol esterification stimulation or cholesterol synthesis suppression.
Immunofluorescence Analysis of Cultured Mammalian Cell Nucleus Using Four Monoclonal Antibodies against the Nucleus
Authors: Wataya‐Kaneda Mari , Nishioka Kiyoshi , Kaneda Yasufumi , Uchida Tsuyoshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFour monoclonal antibodies recognizing antigenic determinants on the nuclei of cultured mammalian cells were isolated. Immunofluorescence studies using these antibodies demonstrated three immunofluorescence patterns of the nucleus; fluorescence staining on the nuclear envelope (antibody 266), on the nucleus (antibody 182, 261) and on both the nucleus and nuclear envelope during the cell cycle (antibody 108). Antibody 108 stained cytoplasmic vesicles of interphase cells. When using mitotic chromosomes, antibody 108 reacted with the perichromosomal region, while antibodies 182 and 261 stained intrachromosomal substance. Immunoblot analysis showed that monoclonal antibody 108 recognized a protein of molecular weight 40K in both the cytoplasm and the perichromosomal region. The molecular weight of the antigen which reacted with antibody 182 was 37K
Adenylate Cyclase‐cyclic AMP System in Pure Epidermis Isolated by Use of Dispase
Authors: Watanabe Makoto , Iizuka Hajime 
Published: April 2015

AbstractEpidermal adenylate cyclase systems following dispase treatment were investigated. Dispase is a bacterial neutral protease obtained from Bacillus polymyxa. Following the treatment with dispase, the epidermal sheet is easily peeled off the dermis. Dispase‐treated pure epidermal sheets were shown to contain three major (beta‐adrenergic‐, adenosine‐, and histamine‐) receptor adenylate cyclase systems. Without phosphodiesterase inhibitors, the intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) level reached the maximal level at 3 min. This effect was markedly enhanced by the addition of cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Among these epidermal adenylate cyclase systems, the most marked cAMP accumulation was observed by histamine, followed by adenosine, and then by epinephrine. The separation of epidermis and dermis following dispase treatment revealed that epidermis contained most of the beta‐adrenergic response (87%), whereas the dermis retained a significant proportion of adenosine (26%) and histamine (40%) responses when 0.3 mm thickness skin was studied.Specific antagonists of epinephrine, adenosine, and histamine inhibited the effects of these agents completely. The simultaneous addition of two stimulators into the incubation medium resulted in an additive effect.Beta‐augmentations by hydrocortisone, colchicine, and retinoid all remained in the dispase‐treated pure epidermal sheets, but beta‐augmentations by these drugs were spoiled by trypsin treatment.These results indicate that dispase‐treated pure epidermis contains three major (beta‐adrenergic‐, adenosine‐, and histamine‐) specific and independent receptor adenylate cyclase systems. Dispase is a very useful tool for investigating the metabolism and regulatory system of keratinocytes without any significant damage to epidermal membrane receptor systems.
Pemphigus Vulgaris Coexisting with Generalized Lichen Planus
Authors: Lee Chang Woo , Hur Hoon , Youn Jai Il 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA case of coexistence of pemphigus vulgaris and generalized lichen planus is presented. The patient had clinical, histological and immunopathological findings of pemphigus vulgaris in the mouth, lichen planus on the scalp, and glabrous skin over the trunk and the extremities. These facts may suggest that a common immunologic mechanism may cause either disease, depending on the constitutional predisposition of the patient.
Inhibitory Activity of a Low‐molecular‐weight Proteinase Inhibitor (2,200 Mr.) against Various Proteinases
Authors: Nagase Sanae , Kawamura Mari , Higuchi Dousei , Takiuchi Iwao 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA low‐molecular‐weight proteinase inhibitor which has a molecular mass of 2,200 daltons was recently isolated from human epidermis. The isolated fraction demonstrated one protein band; when it was preincubated with papain, no band corresponding to products from the inhibitor was demonstrated in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The isolated fraction was found to be immunologically distinct from a2 macroglobulin (α2‐M) by a double immunodiffusion test using anti‐α2‐M serum.The inhibitor possesses inhibitory activity against papain and bromelain, which are cysteine proteinases, plasmin and trypsin, serine proteinases, and collagenase, a metallo proteinase; however, it did not react with pepsin and cathepsin D, carboxyl proteinases. The inhibitor blocked papain and bromelain strongly, but trypsin, plasmin and collagenase only moderately. A slight inactivation of thrombin was detected.
Cutaneous T cell Lymphoma
Authors: Edelson Richard L. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractCutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a generic classification of clonally‐derived malignancies of phenotypic helper/inducer T cells with a propensity to infiltrate the skin, migrate into the epidermis, localize in T cell zones of lymphoid structures and spare the bone marrow. One clinical presentation has a tendency to evolve into another as subclones of progressively less mature and less epidermotropic neoplastic cells arise and overgrow the relatively more mature other subclones. In this manner, localized, scaling plaques of typical parapsoriasis develop into more infiltrated plaques of classical mycosis fungoides which are themselves predecessors of tumor or erythroderma stage CTCL. With loss of epidermotropism, systemic dissemination occurs: first microscopically with blood involvement and seeding of internal organs and finally with visceral tumor formation. The relationship between CTCL and adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia is unclear because of tremendous overlap in the clinical and immunologic findings and because a fraction of patients with classical CTCL have low titers of anti‐HTLV‐1 antibodies. It is important to distinguish the skin‐limited and systemic phases of CTCL in order to select appropriate treatments. New diagnostic techniques which are quite helpful include immunotyping with monoclonal antibodies, karyotype analysis and T cell receptor studies. Photopheresis, a very promising new therapeutic approach for the management of patients with systemically disseminated disease, and a suggested pathogenetic scheme are discussed.
The Two Dimensional Peptide Mappings of the Nail Low Sulfur S‐carboxymethyl Keratins
Authors: Shono Shigeaki , Mataga Nobuko , Toda Kiyoshi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe peptide map patterns of the nail low sulfur (LS) S‐carboxymethyl keratins were investigated using Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease (V8 protease) and subtilisin. The nail LS‐keratins which were analyzed by two dimensional (2D) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) comprised eight major polypeptides. Since these nail LS‐keratins were well separated from each other by 2D‐PAGE, we could compare peptide fragments of each LS‐keratin by a 2D peptide mapping. Among the eight major LS‐keratins of the nail, the LS‐keratins of similar size and pI values yielded many same sized peptide fragments with either proteinase. From these results, we could divide the nail LS‐keratins into three groups by their molecular weights, pI values and the PAGE patterns of their peptide fragments by the proteinase digestion.Examinations of smaller sized peptide fragments produced by partial enzymatic hydrolysis with either proteinase showed strong similarities for all the nail LS‐keratins. Several dense bands of same sized peptide fragments were also observed by 2D peptide mappings. On the other hand, considerable differences were observed when we compared the larger sized peptide fragments of the different group of the nail LS‐keratins. These observations suggested that related structural units (domain structures) were present for all the nail LS‐keratins, although they could be divided into three different groups.The LS‐keratins of the epidermal cornified layer analyzed by 2D‐PAGE were also composed of heterogeneous protein groups. However, when they were partially hydrolyzed by V8 protease, there appeared many same sized peptide fragments for all the epidermal LS‐keratins and three dense bands of same sized peptide fragments were observed. Consequently, the 2D peptide map pattern of the epidermal LS‐keratins by V8 protease was very simple as compared to that of the nail LS‐keratins. Thus the molecular species composing the nail keratin filaments were more heterogeneous than those of the epidermis with respect to the distribution of glutamic acid residues in the molecules. The distribution of glutamic acid in the keratin molecules might contribute the morphological and physicochemical differences between the nail and the epidermis.
Incidence of Friction Melanosis in Young Japanese Women Induced by Using Nylon Towels and Brushes
Authors: Hata Seiichiro , Tanigaki Takehiko , Misaki Katsuyuki , Nakata Kazuhiro , Okada Akira 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFriction melanosis was observed in 25 (5.2%) of 479 healthy young women and in none of 25 young men. The lesions were distributed on the skin over the clavicles, shoulders, neck and extensor surface of upper arms. All the patients had used nylon towels or scrub brushes in the bathroom for periods of 2 to 15 years. The period of usage was not related to the degree of pigmentation, which depended rather on the strength and times of scrubbing. A slender figure was not a factor participate in this pigment disorder.
Hyalinosis Cutis et Mucosae
Authors: Lin Jong , Hurng Jauh‐Jyh , Wong Chu‐Kwan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA 41‐year‐old patient with classical manifestations of hyalinosis cutis et mucosae was presented. This rare genodermatosis has mainly been described in Caucasian patients. Our case is the first reported case of hyalinosis cutis et mucosae in a Chinese patient. The patient was given dimethyl sulfoxide orally. The possible mechanism of this therapy is discussed.
Cutaneous Nerves in Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Mihara Motoyuki , Takeda Akira , Shimao Shuhei 
Published: April 2015

AbstractSince the role of cutaneous nerves in the pathogenesis of cutaneous diseases associated with diabetes mellitus is not well defined, cutaneous nerves in ten patients with severe diabetic neuropathy were electron microscopically investigated as a preliminary study. The specimens were taken from normal‐appearing skin of their lower extremities. Cutaneous nerves were seen as axon‐Schwann cell complexes in which variously degenerated axons and Schwann cells coexisted with normal ones. The degenerative changes were not, however, specific for diabetes mellitus.
Mechanisms of Reactive Oxygen Species‐induced Skin Erythema and Superoxide Dismutase Activities in Guinea Pigs
Authors: Yoshioka Akira , Miyachi Yoshiki , Imamura Sadao 
Published: April 2015

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS)‐induced skin erythema was produced by injection of xanthine oxidase (XOD) and hypoxanthine (HPX), an ROS‐producing system, into guinea pig skin. The clinical course of the erythema was examined in relationship to the age of the animal as well as to superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of the skin. The ROS‐induced skin erythema reached a peak 24 hr after injection of XOD and HPX macroscopically and histologically with the reduction of skin SOD activity, and the severity of erythema was age‐dependent. The increased severity of the skin erythema with age was related to the reduction of the skin SOD activities after XOD plus HPX injection. This skin erythema will provide a good model for the investigation of oxidative tissue injuries observed in several skin disorders.
Leukocyte Chemotactic Activity and Circulating Immune Complexes in Psoriasis
Authors: Isoda Midori 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe sera of 12 patients with psoriasis vulgaris were studied for immune complexes using the polyethylene glycol (PEG) assay. Thirty three percent of sera had elevated levels of immune complexes. Neutrophil chemotactic activity of these sera was compared to the sera of healthy controls and psoriatic patients who showed low levels of immune complexes, using a Boyden chamber method. Neutrophil chemotaxis of these patients with high levels of immune complexes was decreased below that of healthy controls or patients who showed low levels of immune complexes.These results suggest that circulating immune complexes of psoriatic patients may be associated with the defect of chemotaxis in this disease.
Fiberglass Dermatitis in Japan
Authors: Okano Masaki , Kozuka Takehito , Tanigaki Takehiko , Kitano Yukio , Yoshikawa Kunihiko 
Published: April 2015

AbstractFour cases of fiberglass dermatitis are reported. In all the cases, severe pruritic eruptions were caused by handling fiberglass. The patients developed various skin manifestations including papulomacules, excoriative papules, and scaly pigmented macules. H.E. staining of the macular lesions on the forearm demonstrated fiberglass spicules. Their co‐workers also suffered from similar skin symptoms. All our cases improved rapidly after avoiding directly touching fiberglass. Rubbed fiberglass sticks into the skin. Several clinical aspects of fiberglass dermatitis including its prevention are described, together with a review of the literature.
Multiple Necrotizing Fasciitis: Its Etiology and Histopathological Features
Authors: Nakamura Shin‐ichi , Nakayama Keiji , Mikami Hiroshi , Imai Toshiya 
Published: April 2015

AbstractClinical, laboratory, and pathologic findings from a case of multiple necrotizing fasciitis were reported. The eruptions were found on the face, and the upper and lower extremities. Repeated debridement and radical surgical excision were combined with antibiotics. We believe that only early recognition and radical surgical treatment improve the prognosis of this disease.
Vibration Syndrome
Authors: Yu Hsin‐Su , Yao Tsing‐Hua , Tseng Ho‐Ming , Ho Shien‐Tsong , Chien Chung‐Ho 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn order to clarify the effects of temperature on vibration‐induced white finger, two groups of chain saw operators in the forestry industry served as the subjects of this study. One group worked at a cold high altitude; the other group worked at a warm low altitude. Except for the difference in temperature, these two groups had similar work environments. The high altitude group had a high prevalence of white finger (75%), but none of the low altitude group suffered from this circulatory disturbance. After measuring the skin temperature and analyzing the results of the cold provocation test, we demonstrated that low temperature is an important factor in causing vibration‐induced white finger.