bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Writing for publication made easy for nurses: an evaluation
Authors: Richardson Annette , Carrick-Sen Debbie 
Published: May 2014

Aim: The purpose of the project was to encourage and support nurses to write papers for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Background: Writing for publication is an important nursing role as it is a means of communicating knowledge, skills and experiences to improve patient outcomes. Despite the importance, nurses have limited confidence and experiences with publishing nursing developments. Methods: A comprehensive development programme was designed to provide direction and leadership on how to write for publication. Fifty participants attended the programme and it was led and supported by two experienced facilitators. Results: A multi- method approach to evaluation was undertaken including attendance, an evaluation questionnaire, a focus group and a review of writing outcomes. By one year from commencement of programme, 25% had submitted a paper for peer review publication. The programme created and sustained motivation to write and participants valued the taught focused sessions as well as the unstructured group discussion sessions. Conclusion: The writing for publication programme for nurses, midwives and allied health professionals was successful.
Interns' attitudes to IV cannulation: a KAP study
Authors: Carr Peter J , Glynn Ronan W , Dineen Brendan , Devitt Dara , Flaherty Gerard , Kropmans Thomas JB , Kerin Michael 
Published: May 2014

One of the most common procedures for junior medical doctors is peripheral intravenous cannulation (PIVC). Considering this, an understanding of the peripheral intravenous cannulation procedure is paramount. Aim: The objective of this study was to identify the level of understanding of interns regarding intravenous cannulation. Method: An anonymized structured questionnaire using a knowledge attitude and practices (KAP) format was distributed to 60 interns affiliated to a university college hospital in Ireland. Findings: This study suggests that interns are poorly prepared for one of the most common clinical skills they will perform. They showed poor understanding of whether peripheral cannulation is a clean or aseptic technique, and lacked knowledge of the potential side effects of peripheral cannulation and IV therapy. Recommendations: A structured learning module on peripheral intravenous cannulation is required. A rigid, evidence-based, Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) on peripheral cannulation is recommended. The reduction of junior doctors’ weekly working hours to 48 under the European Working Time Directive offers the potential for nurses to take ownership of IV cannulation. This will allow junior doctors to focus on other clinical skills and assessments, which can only be to the advantage of the patient.
GuardIVa: a novel antimicrobial haemostatic IV dressing: Part 2
Authors: Donnellan Peter , Real Keith , Pennington Jerry , Reid Ronald , Dreyer Jerrold , Rico Jean , Boston K , NíBeilliú Máire 
Published: May 2014

This article is the second of a two-part series on GuardIVa®, a novel antimicrobial haemostatic IV dressing from HemCon Medical Technologies. In Part 1 ( Donnellan et al, 2011 ), the ability of GuardIVa Antimicrobial Haemostatic IV Dressing to significantly suppress skin flora re-growth was demonstrated in a clinical study conducted with healthy human volunteers. In addition, the antimicrobial and haemostatic efficacy of the dressing and its effects on wound healing were presented following a number of independently conducted in-vitro and in-vivo tests. In Part 2, the dressing was assessed for use as part of dressing change kits for patients with temporary short-term catheters in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a major US hospital. The use of GuardIVa Antimicrobial Haemostatic IV Dressing by a wound care nurse on a high level functioning quadriplegic patient presenting with redness, fluid and bleeding at the access site of a percutaneous medical device was also assessed. The positive outcomes from these experiences demonstrate that the GuardIVa dressings may be used as an effective component of catheter site regimens implemented by health professionals in a range of medical applications in diverse facilities.
An exploration of self-efficacy and self-management in COPD patients
Authors: Simpson Edwina , Jones Martyn C 
Published: May 2014

Aim: This study examined if self-efficacy in managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with better mood, less breathlessness and fewer exacerbations; what helps or hinders patients in managing their chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); and patients’ suggestions to improve the self-management support they receive. Background: COPD is the fifth leading cause of death in the UK, and it has been suggested that supporting self-efficacy and self-management could improve patient outcomes and reduce demands for NHS resources. Methods: An exploratory, descriptive survey involving the collection of both quantitative and semistructured qualitative data was chosen. Participants were randomly selected from four GP practices across the north east of Scotland. Results: Higher levels of self-efficacy were associated with lower levels of breathlessness, lower levels of anxiety and lower levels of depression in COPD patients. There was no association between high self-efficacy and exacerbation rates. Conclusion: Increasing self-efficacy and reducing anxiety and depression in patients living with COPD are important focus points for self-management support.
Parental presence and distraction during painful childhood procedures
Authors: Matziou Vasiliki , Chrysostomou Anthi , Vlahioti Efrosyni , Perdikaris Pantelis 
Published: May 2014

Aim: To investigate the effect of parental presence and the distraction of the attention by a toy in children undergoing a painful procedure. Methods: A randomised study with two experimental groups and one control group—130 children (64 girls and 66 boys), mean age 8.3 years (range 7–10 years) were randomly assigned to one of the three groups from September 2006 to March 2007: the parent presence group, the toy group, the control group. The verbal rating scale of pain, the assessment of vital signs before and after the procedure and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children were used. Results: Children who had their parent close to them showed a reduction in breaths (95% confidence interval (CI) for gradient of regression line): −4.20 to −2.80, p<0.001), mean blood pressure (95% CI: −4.88 to −2.99, p<0.001) and pulse (95% CI: −8.76 to −5.68, p<0.001) compared to the children whose parents were absent. They also felt less pain (95% CI: −4.40 to −2.71, p<0.001) and they were less distressed (95% confidence interval for A-State tool (CIA−State): −10.46 to −6.49, p<0.001 and 95% confidence interval for A-Trait tool (CIA-Trait): −5.71 to −2.13, p<0.001). Conclusion: Parental presence is considered to be important in decreasing children's pain, stress and their negative behaviour in general during invasive procedures.
Chronic wounds: management of healing and wellbeing
Authors: Grothier Lorraine , Pardoe Ann 
Published: May 2014

This article discusses the impact of living with a chronic wound including the individual's wellbeing and the need for clinicians to consider the complex and often challenging factors that can help or hinder the patient experience. Patient engagement in the care planning process is an important consideration in promoting concordance ( Gray et al, 2011 ). When choosing a dressing regimen, clinical decision-making should be based on holistic assessment and include the patient's perspective, expectations and attitudes ( Dowsett, 2008 ). Living with a chronic wound can have a significant impact on both the physical and psychological health of an individual and patients may suffer from multiple effects including reduced mobility, pain, poor nutrition and depression. Management plans that have been informed by patient feedback and are sensitive to their concerns can only serve to promote concordance and partnership and achieve a positive experience even when healing is not the endpoint.
What are the barriers to spiritual care in a hospital setting?
Authors: Rushton Lucy 
Published: May 2014

Spiritual care is a vital component of care that is given to patients by health professionals in order to prevent poor health and treat illness. It is fundamental to patients' wellbeing and nurses' integrity that nurses carry out their care in a holistic manner and meet patients' spiritual needs. However, a number of studies show that health professionals are failing to meet patients' spiritual needs while in hospital. Nurses are unable to fulfil patients' spiritual needs for a variety of reasons. The main barriers to spiritual care are the difficulty in defining spirituality; the lack of clear guidelines for the nurse's role in providing spiritual care; nurses' lack of time to provide spiritual care; and a lack of training and education on spirituality for pre- and post-registration nurses.
Haematuria: from identification to treatment
Authors: King Kathryn , Steggall Martin 
Published: May 2014

Haematuria has a prevalence of 0.1% to 2.6%. Potential diagnoses may include infection, kidney stones, trauma, exercise or spurious causes, such as foods, drugs or menstruation, and a tumour. Approximately 20% of patients with haematuria have a urological tumour, with a further 20% found to have a significant underlying pathology. Haematuria is subsequently known as the ‘classic presentation’ of bladder cancer with 70-80% of patients experiencing painless, gross (visible) haematuria. However, in all cases of visible haematuria, a tumour should be suspected until proven otherwise. A patient with visible haematuria requires urgent, stringent investigation, warranting specialist assessment and subsequent selective referral through a series of patient-centred investigations at a haematuria clinic. One-stop clinics have been shown to improve the patient experience in early diagnosis of potentially life-threatening conditions. Yet despite morbidity and mortality from bladder cancer increasing, the haematuria service has remained largely unchanged for several decades. This paper will discuss the tests and investigations that need to be undertaken in an individual with either visible or non-visible haematuria, and outline the care that is needed to support patients through the investigation process, with special focus on bladder tumour.
How do students who smoke and drink respond to the school nurse?
Authors: Borup Ina K , Holstein Bjørn E 
Published: May 2014

Aim: to examine if students who smoke and drink alcohol report more or less benefit from an annual health dialogue with a school nurse than students without this risk behaviour. Method: The study was one of the Danish contributions to the international collaborative Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. A random sample of students in the fifth, seventh, and ninth grade (on average 11.8, 13.8 and 15.8 years of age) in schools in Denmark, answered a questionnaire, (response rate 87%, n=5 205). The independent variables were ‘How often do you smoke at present?’ and a combined variable of overall frequency of drinking. Perceived outcome of the dialogue was measured as: reflected on the dialogue; discussed the content with parents; followed the advice of the nurse; visited the nurse again. Results: Risk behaviour (smoking, drinking alcohol, and having experience with being drunk) is associated with lower odds for reflecting about the content of the dialogue with the school nurse, discussion of the content with parents, and for following the school nurse’s advice. However, risk behaviour is associated with higher odds for visiting the school nurse again but only in relation to smoking behaviour.
Effectiveness of school-based substance misuse programmes
Authors: Kell Billie 
Published: May 2014

Aims: To identify the aspects of harm reduction school-based substance misuse programmes for children and young people that are effective and those that are ineffective according to the literature. Methods: A review of the literature using four key databases (OVID, CINAHL, PubMed and Google Scholar) was undertaken to identify relevant articles. Results: A total of 12 papers were identified as relevant. From these the following categories emerged: approach of programmes and/or content of programme, teaching and teachers, children and young people, and guidance and/or recommendations for schools. For each of these categories aspects were identified that made the programme effective or ineffective. Conclusions: Interactive skills focused programmes were the most effective form of school-based interventions for the prevention of early drug use in children and young people.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Managing the condition
Authors: Kelly Jane , Beresford Michael W 
Published: May 2014

Children diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) should expect to have a disease that is well controlled, and if needed to be on medication that has minimal side effects, enabling them to maintain a normal lifestyle along with their peers. Early aggressive treatment results in rapid induction of disease control, prevents joint damage, maximises physical function and helps the patient achieve a normal lifestyle. The aim is complete disease control and zero tolerance for inflammation. Early and appropriate use of intra-articular corticosteroid injections, judicious use of systemic steroids, and early commencement of methotrexate can significantly improve patient's quality of life and outcome. The advent of biological agents has revolutionized the care of these patients. Short and long-term safety of children on immunosuppresants remains paramount. It is crucial that specialist rheumatology teams work in partnership with health-care colleagues to successfully care of the child and family living with JIA. The school nurse is a key partner in supporting the delivery of optimal care to children and young people with JIA.
Exploring the development of school children's health
Authors: Holmström Malin Rising , Olofsson Niclas , Asplund Kenneth , Kristiansen Lisbeth 
Published: May 2014

Aim: To explore the association between positive self-reported health (SRH) in pre-school and 4th grade SRH in a long-term prospective population-based study in Sweden. Methods: Data originated from the Health Dialogue (HD) a structured instrument used by school nurses. 1084 children participated. Odds ratios were analyzed. Results: In 10-year-old children's SRH, comfort in school, normal BMI and absence of headaches were shown to be significantly important health indicators. Normal BMI showed to have a potentially causal effect on 10-year-old girls and absence of headaches showed a potentially causal effect among 10-year-old boys. Conclusion: Schools should be designed to meet the children's needs so that they are perceived as comfortable, safe and secure places. Schools should advocate physical activity and play, serve healthy nutritious food in order to motivate, support and promote a healthy lifestyle. Schools are a unique arena for health promotion as they reach practically all school-age children.
A survey of health promotion opportunities in radiography
Authors: Castle Alan , Reeves Jo-Ann 
Published: May 2014

Radiographers, as health professionals, have a responsibility to recognize health promotion opportunities which may arise during their clinical practice. These opportunities include giving advice and information to patients, protecting patients, staff and members of the general public from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation and adopting good practices to minimize the spread of infection. Tannahill's model of health promotion, using the three domains of health education, health protection and disease prevention, was used during previous research to establish nine key areas in which health promotion opportunities could be developed. The aim of this survey was to ascertain the views of radiography educators in the UK in relation to relevance, clarity of role and potential for further development in clinical practice in these key areas. Results were generally positive and provide an argument for encouraging health promotion activities to become an integral part of radiography practice. In order for this to succeed, it will be necessary to provide appropriate education and training, raise awareness, stimulate reflection and encourage radiographers to develop informed action plans to translate health promotion theory into clinical practice.
Patients' rights and complaints procedures: international perspectives
Authors: Diesfeld Kate 
Published: May 2014

Increasingly, patients are asserting their rights through complaints procedures. In this article, New Zealand's approach to consumer rights regarding health and disability will be contrasted with mechanisms in Australia and England, to reveal the common and distinct approaches. As a basis of comparison, a recent opinion of New Zealand's Health and Disability Commissioner will be examined to demonstrate a system that resolves patient disputes without resort to litigation. The consistent theme of the critical analysis is whether the systems achieve patient and consumer satisfaction and how that approach might inform best practice.
Occupational therapy for people with dual diagnosis: a single case study
Authors: Stevens Heather , Redfearn Sarah , Tse Samson 
Published: May 2014

INTRODUCTION: Dual diagnosis is the coexistence of a substance abuse disorder and a separate mental illness. AIM / METHOD: This report used a case study design to describe the implementation of occupational therapy based on the model of human occupation for one client who had dual diagnosis. Before and after intervention, the client was assessed by the researchers using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Brief Alcohol and Drug Scale and individualized intervention goals. DISCUSSION / CONCLUSION: The authors suggested factors contributing to the positive outcomes were using a defined intervention model, dealing with substance misuse directly and taking into account the client's neurocognitive functioning. The methods of reflexivity and triangulation were used to establish the credibility of the findings.
Clinical reasoning skills of occupational therapists and support staff: a comparison
Authors: Doumanov Paula , Rugg Sue 
Published: May 2014

This study compared the factors influencing the clinical reasoning skills of qualified occupational therapists and support staff working in community rehabilitation teams with elderly service users. The study used a qualitative approach. Data were gathered from semi-structured interviews conducted with a convenience sample of 20 London-based respondents.The results showed that although the support staff interviewed were competent in their approach to the provision of treatment, they followed treatment plans provided by their qualified colleagues. Furthermore, the support staff felt themselves unqualified to make treatment decisions without first seeking the advice and approval of a qualified therapist. These findings suggest that occupational therapy support staff cannot be expected to perform the same duties as qualified occupational therapists in community rehabilitation settings.
Competence in on-call physiotherapy part one: designing a framework
Authors: Thomas Sandy , Cross Jane , Harden Beverly , ten Hove Ruth 
Published: May 2014

The Association of Physiotherapists in Respiratory Care identified concerns among its members regarding perceived variability of practice in the delivery of on-call physiotherapy. They responded by developing a national set of guidelines on competence and its assessment in cardiorespiratory physiotherapy. This is the first of a series of two articles concerning this project. Competency models are discussed and a proposal for adding specific competencies within a generic framework is outlined, which will form the basis for the project. The second article will discuss the project itself and issues around the development of the guidelines.
Demonstrating critical evaluation skills using Bloom's taxonomy
Authors: Castle Alan 
Published: May 2014

Developing critical evaluation skills is regarded by many health-care professionals as being of primary importance. However, many educators seem to have only a vague understanding of what critical evaluation is and how it can be taught. Consequently, students have a limited ability to critically evaluate and often misinterpret assessment questions. This article aims to address this problem by defining and describing critical evaluation using Bloom's taxonomy of the cognitive domain. It then provides a useful example of an appropriate response at each level of the taxonomy to a question on coronary heart disease. Students can use this example as a guide to help them understand what is required from examination papers.
A case of claudication in a young man
Authors: Jaffer Usman , Cameron Alan 
Published: May 2014

A 37-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of right-sided calf pain when he walked. This had started suddenly. The pain was forcing him to stop after 5 minutes of walking and subsided following a prolonged period of rest. He smoked 5 cigarettes a day, but had no other risk factors for peripheral vascular disease. On examination of his peripheral vascular system the right posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis pulses were absent and the popliteal pulse was markedly diminished compared to the left. Femoral pulses were present and there were no other stigmata of peripheral vascular disease. A femoral angiogram was performed which demonstrated a normal aorta, iliac and femoral vessels. There was a short occlusion of the distal right popliteal artery for a segment of 3 cm with a smooth rounded filling defect arising from the anteromedial wall of the popliteal artery just above the occlusion (Figure 1). Exploration of the popliteal artery revealed a cyst arising from the above knee popliteal artery which was incised, expressing clear fluid similar to that found in joint ganglia. A short jump graft using the long saphenous vein was fashioned around the occluded segment with good symptom relief. Histological examination of the cyst wall showed fibrocollagenous connective tissue devoid of an epithelial lining. A diagnosis of cystic adventitial disease was made.
Late presentation of traumatic rupture ofthe right hemidiaphragm
Authors: Khalil Mohammed W , Sarkar Pradip K 
Published: May 2014

A 30-year-old male Caucasian was involved in a road traffic accident, where he sustained a severe right chest injury. There was a 15 cm long laceration on the anterolateral part of the right chest below the nipple, which involved chest wall muscles but the intercostal muscles were intact. A chest radiograph revealed fractures of the posterior right eighth, ninth and tenth ribs, with associated haemopneumothorax for which an intercostal drain was inserted. Repeat chest radiograph revealed an elevated right hemidiaphragm. There were no associated abdominal injuries. The chest laceration was repaired under general anaesthesia, and the patient was later discharged. He presented again 21 weeks later with persistent right chest discomfort, and a chest radiograph showed persistence of the right diaphragmatic elevation (Figure 1). A computed tomography scan of the chest and abdomen suggested a possible traumatic rupture of the right hemidiaphragm. A right thoracotomy through the sixth intercostal space was performed. Multiple adhesions between the lung and the chest wall were dissected revealing a 7–8 cm tear in the diaphragm, with the right lobe of the liver protruding through it (Figure 2). The edges of the tear, which were thickened and fibrotic, were dissected free and closed primarily with interrupted mattress prolene-0 stitches without tension. These were then oversewn. The patient did well and was discharged 5 days after surgery.