bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Complexity in aDrosophilaModel of Diabetes-Associated Misfolded Human Proinsulin
Authors: Park Soo-Young , Ludwig Michael Z , Tamarina Natalia A , He Bin Z , Carl Sarah H , Dickerson Desiree A , Barse Levi , Arun Bharath , Williams Calvin L , Miles Cecelia M , Philipson Louis H , Steiner Donald F , Bell Graeme I , Kreitman Martin 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDrosophila melanogaster has been widely used as a model of human Mendelian disease, but its value in modeling complex disease has received little attention. Fly models of complex disease would enable high-resolution mapping of disease-modifying loci and the identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we describe a fly model of permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus and explore the complexity of this model. The approach involves the transgenic expression of a misfolded mutant of human preproinsulin, hINSC96Y, which is a cause of permanent neonatal diabetes. When expressed in fly imaginal discs, hINSC96Y causes a reduction of adult structures, including the eye, wing, and notum. Eye imaginal discs exhibit defects in both the structure and the arrangement of ommatidia. In the wing, expression of hINSC96Y leads to ectopic expression of veins and mechano-sensory organs, indicating disruption of wild-type signaling processes regulating cell fates. These readily measurable “disease” phenotypes are sensitive to temperature, gene dose, and sex. Mutant (but not wild-type) proinsulin expression in the eye imaginal disc induces IRE1-mediated XBP1 alternative splicing, a signal for endoplasmic reticulum stress response activation, and produces global change in gene expression. Mutant hINS transgene tester strains, when crossed to stocks from the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel, produce F1 adults with a continuous range of disease phenotypes and large broad-sense heritability. Surprisingly, the severity of mutant hINS-induced disease in the eye is not correlated with that in the notum in these crosses, nor with eye reduction phenotypes caused by the expression of two dominant eye mutants acting in two different eye development pathways, Drop (Dr) or Lobe (L), when crossed into the same genetic backgrounds. The tissue specificity of genetic variability for mutant hINS-induced disease has, therefore, its own distinct signature. The genetic dominance of disease-specific phenotypic variability in our model of misfolded human proinsulin makes this approach amenable to genome-wide association study in a simple F1 screen of natural variation.
The Psychological Well-Being of People Living with HIV/AIDS and the Role of Religious Coping and Social Support
Authors: Dalmida Safiya George , Koenig Harold G. , Holstad Marcia McDonnell , Wirani Menka Munira 
Published: November 2013

Objective: This study examined correlates of depressive symptoms, particularly the role of religious coping (RCOPE), among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The study also examined social support as a possible mediator of the proposed association between religious coping and depressive symptoms and the impact of depressive symptomatology on health outcomes such as HIV medication adherence, immune function, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among PLWHA. Method: A convenience sample of 292 PLWHA were recruited from an out-patient infectious disease clinic and AIDS-service organizations in the Southeastern United States. Results: 56.7% reported depressive symptoms. PLWHA with depressive symptomatology reported significantly poorer health outcomes, including poorer HIV medication adherence, lower CD4 cell count, and poorer HRQOL. The odds of being depressed was significantly associated with birth sex (female: OR = 0.43, 95% CI = .23-.80), sexual orientation (gay/bisexual: OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.04–3.65), marital status (single: OR =.52, 95% CI =.27-.99), social support satisfaction (OR = 0.65, 95% CI = .49-.86), and negative RCOPE (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.14–1.31). Social support partially mediated the relationship between religious coping and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: High rates of depressive symptoms are present in PLWHA, which negatively impact health outcomes. Religious coping, perceived stress, and social support satisfaction serve an important role in depressive symptomatology among PLWHA. These findings underscore the need for healthcare providers to regularly screen PLWHA for and adequately treat depression and collaborate with mental health providers, social workers, and pastoral care counselors to address PLWHA's mental, social, and spiritual needs and optimize their HIV-related outcomes.
Identification of a population of Ranunculus achenes extracted from Middle Pleistocene sediments exposed at Belhus Park, Essex, UK
Authors: Field Michael H. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT
A plant macrofossil assemblage extracted from Middle Pleistocene fluvial organic sediments collected from Belhus Park, Aveley, Essex, UK contained a number of tuberculate (verrucose) achenes attributed to the genus Ranunculus, one of which had two short spines preserved on its surface. The identification of these achenes is discussed here. This is worthy of note because Ranunculus tuberculate or spinose fossil achenes can be difficult to determine to species as they can have similar features, some Ranunculus species produce achenes in several morphological forms, and during fossilization delicate structures maybe destroyed (e.g. spines). After careful morphological consideration it is concluded that the fossil achenes from Belhus Park are Ranunculus parviflorus L., indicating that dry grassland or disturbed ground existed in the river catchment. The plant macrofossil assemblages that included the Ranunculus parviflorus achenes were dominated by waterside, damp ground, and aquatic taxa. It is probable that flowing water transported the achenes from further afield before their incorporation into the fluvial sediments. The identification of these fossils illustrates the importance of considering the morphological characteristics of the achene only and not to make a determination on the nature of the predominant palaeoenvironmental signal from an assemblage.
The Arches of the Feet of Competitors in Selected Sporting Disciplines
Authors: Lichota Małgorzata , Plandowska Magdalena , Mil Patrycjusz 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Introduction. The human foot is an important and individual static-dynamic part of the movement apparatus. Physical activity is one of the many factors which has an impact on the arch of the foot, and specific sporting disciplines affect the morphological construction and active efficiency of the foot to differing degrees. The aim of this study was to evaluate the foot-arches of competitors training in the disciplines of athletics, handball, volleyball and taekwon-do, and to demon­strate the differences in the arching of the foot, depending on the discipline of the participant. Material and methods. Observation of a group of 46 student-competitors at the sports club of the Academic Sports Association (ASA) of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport in Biała Podlaska, training in handball, volleyball, athletics and taekwon-do. Using information from plantograms, obtained using a podoscope, the following were analyzed: Wejsflog's indicator, the position of the big toe (hallux) - angle γ; theposition of toe V - angle β;the position of the heel - angle α. Results. The values given by Wejsflog's indicator show the presence of an asymmetry in the arch of the right foot compared to that of the left foot. The reason for this, according to Demczuk-Włodarczyk and Biec [1] may be the type of surface on which training is conducted. The authors demonstrate that fallen arches are less common in practitioners of taekwon-do, who usually train on an elastic mat, which confirms the results of earlier research conducted on competitors at the Academic Sports Association of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport in Biała Podlaska. Conclusions. The occurrence of an abnormal formation of the arches that make up the arch of the foot, and of asymmetry in the arch between the left and right feet observed in the sample, shows the necessity of devoting greater attention to compensatory exercises that strengthen the short muscles of the foot and the muscles of the calf in the training process, in order to make up for frequently unbal­anced strain.
Pancreatic cysts: etiology, diagnosis and management
Authors: Jabłońska Beata 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Pancreatic cysts involve a wide spectrum of pathologies from post-inflammatory cysts to malignant neoplasms. Pancreatic pseudocysts, serous cystadenomas, mucinous cystadenomas, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) and solid pseudopapillary tumors occur most frequently. Differential diagnosis involves the following imaging investigations: transabdominal ultrasonography (TUS), contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancretography (MRCP), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancretography (ERCP). The cyst fluid cytology is performed in difficult differential diagnosis between pseudocysts and benign and potentially malignant or malignant tumors. Most frequently, viscosity, amylase, CEA and CA 19-9 levels are determined. Imaging findings should be correlated with cytology. The management depends on the cyst type and size. Small asymptomatic pseudocysts, serous cystadenomas and branchduct IPMNs should be carefully observed, whereas symptomatic large or uncertain serous cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas, mucinous cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas, main-duct IPMNs and large branch-duct IPMNs with malignant features, serous and mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, and solid pseudopapillary tumors require surgery. Pseudocysts are usually drained. Percutaneous / EUS-guided or surgical cyst drainage can be performed. Complicated and uncertain pseudocysts and cystic tumors need surgical resection. The type of surgery depends on cyst location and size and includes proximal, central, distal, total pancreatectomies and enucleation.
Relation entre sources trophiques et capacité de survie chez Macrolophus pygmaeus (Hemiptera : Miridae)
Authors: Hamdi Faten , Bonato Olivier 
Published: November 2013

RésuméL'influence de différents régimes trophiques sur la capacité de survie et la longévité d'une espèce zoophytophage (Macrolophus pygmaeus Rambur ; Hemiptera : Miridae) a été étudiée. Les différentes sources trophiques, présentées seules ou en combinaison étaient de l'eau libre, une plante (tabac), et une proie (œufs d’Ephestia kuehniella Zeller ; Lepidoptera : Pyralidae). Le régime trophique a fortement influencé la longévité et la survie des adultes quel que soit leur sexe. L'eau, libre ou apportée par la plante, est une ressource indispensable à la survie. La plante, comparée à l'eau libre, n'a pas eu d'effet significatif sur la longévité mais a influencé positivement la survie. On a observé un effet certain de la présence simultanée de l'eau et des œufs.
Free Boundary Determination in Nonlinear Diffusion
Authors: Hussein M. S. , Lesnic D. , Ivanchov M. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractFree boundary problems with nonlinear diffusion occur in various applications, such as solidification over a mould with dissimilar nonlinear thermal properties and saturated or unsaturated absorption in the soil beneath a pond. In this article, we consider a novel inverse problem where a free boundary is determined from the mass/energy specification in a well-posed one-dimensional nonlinear diffusion problem, and a stability estimate is established. The problem is recast as a nonlinear least-squares minimisation problem, which is solved numerically using the lsqnonlin routine from the MATLAB toolbox. Accurate and stable numerical solutions are achieved. For noisy data, instability is manifest in the derivative of the moving free surface, but not in the free surface itself nor in the concentration or temperature.
Recursive Identification of Wiener-Hammerstein Systems with Nonparametric Nonlinearity
Authors: Hu Xiao-Li , Jiang Yue-Ping 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA recursive scheme is proposed for identifying a single input single output (SISO) Wiener-Hammerstein system, which consists of two linear dynamic subsystems and a sandwiched nonparametric static nonlinearity. The first linear block is assumed to be a finite impulse response (FIR) filter and the second an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter. By letting the input be a sequence of mutually independent Gaussian random variables, the recursive estimates for coefficients of the two linear blocks and the value of the static nonlinear function at any fixed given point are proven to converge to the true values, with probability one as the data size tends to infinity. The static nonlinearity is identified in a nonparametric way and no structural information is directly used. A numerical example is presented that illustrates the theoretical results.
Direct Immersion-Solid Phase Microextraction for the Determination of Chlorinated Pesticide Residues in Tomatoes by Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector
Authors: Mariani Maurizio Boccacci , Giannetti Vanessa , Testani Elena , Ceccarelli Valentina 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The use of pesticides in agriculture has grown dramatically over the last decades. Environmental exposure of humans to agrochemicals is common and results in both acute and chronic health effects. In this study, direct immersion-solid phase microextraction (SPME) was coupled with electron capture detection for trace determination of 19 chlorinated pesticides in tomato samples, using a 100 μm polydimethylsiloxane fiber. The experimental parameters extraction time, extraction temperature, stirring, and salting out were evaluated and optimized. The LODs ranged from 0.5 to 8 μg/kg, and the LOQs from 5 to 30 μg/kg. A linear response was confirmed by correlation coefficients ranging from 0.97 to 0.9985. The developed method was tested by analyzing real samples purchased within the network of Italian distribution. The samples were found to be free from detectable residues of the studied pesticides. SPME has been shown to be a fast extraction technique that has several advantages such as solvent-free extraction, simplicity, and compatibility with the chromatographic analytical system.
Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolic Profiling and Differentiation of Ginseng Roots According to Cultivation Age Using Variable Selection
Authors: Park Hae Eun , Lee Seok-Young , Hyun Sun-Hee , Kim Da Yeon , Marriott Philip J , Choi Hyung-Kyoon 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Ginseng roots are an important herbal resource worldwide, and the adulteration of ginseng with age is recognized as a serious problem. It is therefore crucial to develop objective criteria or standard protocols for differentiating ginseng root samples according to their cultivation age. The reported study used GC/MS combined with multivariate statistical analysis with variable selection to obtain metabolic profiling and an optimal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model for the differentiation of ginseng according to cultivation age. Relative levels of various metabolites, such as amino acids, alcohols, fatty acids, organic acids, and sugars, were measured for various ginseng cultivation ages. Increasing cultivation age resulted in the production of higher levels of panaxynol and panaxydol, which are active polyacetylene compounds in ginseng. In addition, optimized PLS-DA models for the prediction of ginseng age were obtained by selecting variables based on a variable importance in the projection cut-off value of 1.3. Proline, glucaric acid, mannose, gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, myoinositol, panaxydol, and panaxynol are suggested as key and relevant compounds with which to differentiate the age of ginseng samples. The findings of this study suggest that GC/MS-based metabolic profiling can be used to differentiate ginseng samples according to cultivation age.
The Analysis of Pergolide Residues in Horse Plasma by LC with Fluorescence Detection
Authors: Doran Gregory , Hughes Kristopher , Rendle David , Edwards Scott 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Pergolide is used to treat pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (equine Cushing's Disease), a neurodegenerative condition associated with loss of dopaminergic inhibition of the pituitary in horses. After oral administration, only low concentrations of the drug are achieved in plasma, making drug detection and quantification difficult. While direct analysis of plasma using sensitive MS/MS techniques is possible, dirty plasma samples and mobile phase buffers can cause instrumentation to become rapidly incapacitated. A method using LC with fluorescence detection was developed for pergolide analysis. LOQ for the instrumentation was 2 ng/mL when using direct injection of horse plasma samples, while interferences from the matrix were nominal. The use of SPE provided cleaner extracts and increased the LOQ in plasma samples to 0.15 ng/mL. The LC method developed allowed high sample throughput before pre-columns required replacement, which was extended when SPE cleanup was used. The effectiveness of SPE for the cleanup and preconcentration of plasma samples containing pergolide was demonstrated with spiked and naturally incurred samples; LC-MS/MS was used to validate the SPE method against direct injection samples.
Prenatal Cannabis Use and Maternal Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Young-Wolff Kelly C. , Adams Sara R. , Alexeeff Stacey E. , Zhu Yeyi , Chojolan Edwin , Slama Natalie E. , Does Monique B. , Silver Lynn D. , Ansley Deborah , Castellanos Carley L. , Avalos Lyndsay A. 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceMany studies have evaluated whether in utero cannabis exposure is associated with fetal and neonatal outcomes, yet little is known about whether prenatal cannabis use is associated with maternal health outcomes during pregnancy.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether prenatal cannabis use is associated with maternal health outcomes during pregnancy.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based retrospective cohort study included pregnancies in Northern California from January 2011 to December 2019 that lasted 20 weeks or longer and were screened for prenatal cannabis use.ExposuresPrenatal cannabis use was defined as any self-reported use during early pregnancy or a positive toxicology test result based on universal screening at entrance to prenatal care (approximately 8-10 weeks’ gestation). Self-reported frequency of use (daily, weekly, monthly or less, never, unknown), use defined only by self-report, and use defined only by toxicology test results were examined.Main Outcomes and MeasuresElectronic health record data were used to define the following outcomes: gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, gestational diabetes, gestational weight gain greater and less than guidelines, placenta previa, placental abruption, placenta accreta, and severe maternal morbidity. Adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) were calculated using a modified Poisson regression.ResultsThe sample (n = 316 722 pregnancies; 250 221 unique individuals) included 84 039 (26.5%) Asian/Pacific Islander, 20 053 (6.3%) Black, 83 145 (26.3%) Hispanic, and 118 333 (37.4%) White individuals; the mean (SD) age was 30.6 (5.4) years. Overall, 20 053 (6.3%) screened positive for prenatal cannabis use; 2.9% were positive by self-report, 5.3% by toxicology testing, and 1.8% by both. The frequency of cannabis use was 1930 (0.6%) daily, 2345 (0.7%) weekly, 4892 (1.5%) monthly or less, and 10 886 (3.4%) unknown. Prenatal cannabis use was associated with greater risk of gestational hypertension (aRR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.13-1.21), preeclampsia (aRR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.15), weight gain less than (aRR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08) and greater than (aRR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.08-1.10) guidelines, and placental abruption (aRR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05-1.36). The pattern of results was similar when defining prenatal cannabis use only by self-report or only by toxicology testing, and associations between the frequency of prenatal cannabis use and outcomes varied with outcome.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this cohort study suggest that prenatal cannabis use was associated with several adverse maternal health outcomes during pregnancy. Continued research is needed to understand whether characteristics of prenatal cannabis use (eg, dose, mode, and timing) moderate these associations.
Incidence of Nonsynostotic Plagiocephaly and Developmental Disorders
Authors: Lynch Mary E. , White Melanie J. , Rabatin Amy E. , Brandenburg Joline E. , Theuer Amanda B. , Viet Katrina M. , Hollman John H. , Driscoll Sherilyn W. 
Published: July 2024

ImportanceThis is the first population-based study quantifying the incidence of nonsynostotic positional plagiocephaly and/or brachycephaly (PPB) in infancy and its association with developmental disorders.ObjectiveTo report the incidence of PPB before age 1 year, the incidence of craniosynostosis, and the percentage of children with PPB diagnosed with a developmental disorder by age 7 years.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective, population-based cohort study of children in the Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) born in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from January 1, 2008, through December 31, 2012, with follow-up through age 7 years. Data were analyzed from March 2021 to April 2024.ExposurePhysical examination detecting cranial deformity.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the incidence of PPB. Secondary outcomes were the incidence of craniosynostosis and the percentage of children with PPB diagnosed with a developmental disorder by age 7 years.ResultsOf 9909 infants (5084 [51.3%] male; 9205 [92.9%] born at term and 704 [7.1%] born preterm) included in the study, 575 had PPB, for a PPB incidence of 5.8% (95% CI, 5.3%-6.3%). The incidence of PPB was 5.3% (95% CI, 4.8%-5.8%) in term infants vs 11.8% (95% CI, 9.4%-14.6%) in preterm infants. The incidence of craniosynostosis was 0.16% (95% CI, 0.09%-0.26%). A developmental disorder was known or suspected in 4.2% (95% CI, 2.7%-6.2%) of infants at the time of PPB diagnosis; among 402 infants with PPB and follow-up through age 7 years, 30 (7.5%; 95% CI, 5.0%-10.7%) had a confirmed developmental disorder by 7 years of age. The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children with a history of PPB who were followed up to age 7 years was 2.2% (9 of 402 children).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that only a small percentage of the infants had positional head deformity significant enough to be documented and/or referred for subspecialty evaluation, and only a small subset of these children went on to have a developmental disorder in childhood. This information is helpful for counseling families about their child’s developmental risk at time of PPB diagnosis.