bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial resistances in uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women: ECO·SENS II data from primary health care in Austria
Authors: Kamenski Gustav , Wagner Gernot , Zehetmayer Sonja , Fink Waltraud , Spiegel Wolfgang , Hoffmann Kathryn 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background
Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) are a frequent reason for consultation of women in primary health care. To avoid therapy failure and development of resistances, the choice of an antibiotic should be based on the knowledge of recent local resistance data but these data are scarce for the Austrian primary health care sector. Within the context of the ECO·SENS II study it was the aim to obtain appropriate and relevant local resistance data and describe the changes in the resistance pattern in comparison to the ECO·SENS study.

Methods
23 GPs from different parts of Austria participated in the study between July 2007 and November 2008. According to the defined inclusion- and exclusion criteria female patients with symptoms of an uncomplicated UTI were included and a midstream urine sample was collected. In case of significant bacteriuria susceptibility testing of E. coli against 14 antibiotics was performed. Descriptive statistical methods were used.

Results
In 313 patients included in the study, a total of 147 E. coli isolates (47%) were detected and tested. The resistance rates were in %: Mecillinam (0.0), nitrofurantoin (0.7), fosfomycin trometamol (0.7), gentamycin (1.4), cefotaxime (2.7), ceftazidime (2.7), Cephadroxil (4.1) and ciprofloxacin (4.1). Higher resistance rates were found in amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (8.9), nalidixic acid (9.6), trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (14.4), trimethoprim (15.8), sulphamethoxazole (21.2) and ampicillin (28.8). Additionally, the comparison of these results with the results of the ECO·SENS study demonstrated an increase in resistance rates of ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin.

Conclusions
The resistance data for E. coli in uncomplicated UTIs in women gained by this study are the most recent data for this disease in Austria at the moment. The increased resistance rates of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid should be respected when choosing an appropriate antibiotic for uncomplicated UTIs. The use of ampicillin, sulphamethoxazole, trimethoprim and trimethoprim/sulphametoxazole in uncomplicated UTIs in women should be questioned at all. The findings of this study should result in a regular surveillance system of resistances emerging in the ambulatory sector designed after the model of the EARS-Net.
Disaster exposure as a risk factor for mental health problems, eighteen months, four and ten years post-disaster – a longitudinal study
Authors: van den Berg Bellis , Wong Albert , van der Velden Peter G , Boshuizen Hendriek C , Grievink Linda 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackgroundDisaster experiences have been associated with higher prevalence rates of (mental) health problems. The objective of this study was to examine the independent relation between a series of single disaster experiences versus the independent predictive value of a accumulation of disaster experiences, i.e. a sum score of experiences and symptoms of distress and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).MethodsSurvivors of a fireworks disaster participated in a longitudinal study and completed a questionnaire three weeks (wave 1), eighteen months (wave 2) and four years post-disaster (wave 3). Ten years post-disaster (wave 4) the respondents consisted of native Dutch survivors only. Main outcome measures were general distress and symptoms of PTSD.ResultsDegree of disaster exposure (sum score) and some disaster-related experiences (such as house destroyed, injured, confusion) were related to distress at waves 2 and 3. This relation was mediated by distress at an earlier point in time. None of the individual disaster-related experiences was independently related to symptoms of distress. The association between the degree of disaster exposure and symptoms of PTSD at waves 2 and 3 was still statistically significant after controlling for symptoms of distress and PTSD at earlier point in time. The variable ‘house destroyed’ was the only factor that was independently related to symptoms of PTSD at wave 2. Ten years after the disaster, disaster exposure was mediated by symptoms of PTSD at waves 2 and 3. Disaster exposure was not independently related to symptoms of PTSD ten years post-disaster.ConclusionsUntil 4 years after the disaster, degree of exposure (a sum score) was a risk factor for PTSD symptoms while none of the individual disaster experiences could be identified as an independent risk factor. Ten years post-disaster, disaster exposure was no longer an independent risk factor for symptoms of PTSD. Since symptoms of PTSD and distress at earlier waves perpetuate the symptoms at later waves, health care workers should aim their resources at those who still have symptoms after one and a half year post-disaster, to prevent health problems at medium and long-term.
Analysis of quantization effects on the performance of cooperative MIMO techniques in wireless networks
Authors: Shariatpanahi Seyed Pooya , Khalaj Babak Hossein , Shah-Mansouri Hamed , Del Ser Javier 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The most successful achievable schemes for ad hoc wireless networks are those based on establishing cooperative multiple-input and multiple-output links. In this article, we analyze one of the important design parameters of such schemes, namely the number of quantization bits. Due to the digital architecture of these schemes, the received signal at nodes should become quantized before further processing. The scheme’s aggregate throughput highly depends on the resolution of the quantization process. We demonstrate that there is an optimum number of quantization bits which maximizes the network throughput. We show that the optimum number of quantization bits scales as β log2(SNR), for any strictly positive β independent of SNR, for the high SNR regime. Furthermore, we derive the optimum scaling of network throughput in such a regime. It is concluded that a good management of the number of quantization bits as a design parameter has a significant impact on the network performance.
Split feasibility problems for total quasi-asymptotically nonexpansive mappings
Authors: Wang Xiong Rui , Chang Shih-sen , Wang Lin , Zhao Yun-he 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to propose an algorithm for solving the split feasibility problems for total quasi-asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. The results presented in the paper not only improve and extend some recent results of Moudafi [Nonlinear Anal. 74:4083-4087, 2011; Inverse Problem 26:055007, 2010], but also improve and extend some recent results of Xu [Inverse Problems 26:105018, 2010; 22:2021-2034, 2006], Censor and Segal [J. Convex Anal. 16:587-600, 2009], Censor et al. [Inverse Problems 21:2071-2084, 2005], Masad and Reich [J. Nonlinear Convex Anal. 8:367-371, 2007], Censor et al. [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 327:1244-1256, 2007], Yang [Inverse Problem 20:1261-1266, 2004] and others.

MSC:47J05, 47H09, 49J25.
A new contraction mapping principle in partially ordered metric spaces and applications to ordinary differential equations
Authors: Yan Fangfang , Su Yongfu , Feng Qiansheng 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to extend the results of Harjani and Sadarangani and some other authors and to prove a new fixed point theorem of a contraction mapping in a complete metric space endowed with a partial order by using altering distance functions. Our theorem can be used to investigate a large class of nonlinear problems. As an application, we discuss the existence of a solution for a periodic boundary value problem.
Total quasi-ϕ-asymptotically nonexpansive semigroups and strong convergence theorems in Banach spaces
Authors: Chang Shih-sen , Kim Jong Kyu , Wang Lin 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to modify the Halpern-Mann-type iteration algorithm for total quasi-ϕ-asymptotically nonexpansive semigroups to have the strong convergence under a limit condition only in the framework of Banach spaces. The results presented in the paper improve and extend the corresponding recent results announced by many authors.

MSC:47J05, 47H09, 49J25.
Systematic evaluation of three different commercial software solutions for automatic segmentation for adaptive therapy in head-and-neck, prostate and pleural cancer
Authors: La Macchia Mariangela , Fellin Francesco , Amichetti Maurizio , Cianchetti Marco , Gianolini Stefano , Paola Vitali , Lomax Antony J , Widesott Lamberto 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Purpose
To validate, in the context of adaptive radiotherapy, three commercial software solutions for atlas-based segmentation.

Methods and materials
Fifteen patients, five for each group, with cancer of the Head&Neck, pleura, and prostate were enrolled in the study. In addition to the treatment planning CT (pCT) images, one replanning CT (rCT) image set was acquired for each patient during the RT course. Three experienced physicians outlined on the pCT and rCT all the volumes of interest (VOIs). We used three software solutions (VelocityAI 2.6.2 (V), MIM 5.1.1 (M) by MIMVista and ABAS 2.0 (A) by CMS-Elekta) to generate the automatic contouring on the repeated CT. All the VOIs obtained with automatic contouring (AC) were successively corrected manually. We recorded the time needed for: 1) ex novo ROIs definition on rCT; 2) generation of AC by the three software solutions; 3) manual correction of AC.
To compare the quality of the volumes obtained automatically by the software and manually corrected with those drawn from scratch on rCT, we used the following indexes: overlap coefficient (DICE), sensitivity, inclusiveness index, difference in volume, and displacement differences on three axes (x, y, z) from the isocenter.

Results
The time saved by the three software solutions for all the sites, compared to the manual contouring from scratch, is statistically significant and similar for all the three software solutions. The time saved for each site are as follows: about an hour for Head&Neck, about 40 minutes for prostate, and about 20 minutes for mesothelioma. The best DICE similarity coefficient index was obtained with the manual correction for: A (contours for prostate), A and M (contours for H&N), and M (contours for mesothelioma).

Conclusions
From a clinical point of view, the automated contouring workflow was shown to be significantly shorter than the manual contouring process, even though manual correction of the VOIs is always needed.
Morphogenesis underlying the development of the everted teleost telencephalon
Authors: Folgueira Mónica , Bayley Philippa , Navratilova Pavla , Becker Thomas S , Wilson Stephen W , Clarke Jonathan DW 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background
Although the mechanisms underlying brain patterning and regionalization are very much conserved, the morphology of different brain regions is extraordinarily variable across vertebrate phylogeny. This is especially manifest in the telencephalon, where the most dramatic variation is seen between ray-finned fish, which have an everted telencephalon, and all other vertebrates, which have an evaginated telencephalon. The mechanisms that generate these distinct morphologies are not well understood.

Results
Here we study the morphogenesis of the zebrafish telencephalon from 12 hours post fertilization (hpf) to 5 days post fertilization (dpf) by analyzing forebrain ventricle formation, evolving patterns of gene and transgene expression, neuronal organization, and fate mapping. Our results highlight two key events in telencephalon morphogenesis. First, the formation of a deep ventricular recess between telencephalon and diencephalon, the anterior intraencephalic sulcus (AIS), effectively creates a posterior ventricular wall to the telencephalic lobes. This process displaces the most posterior neuroepithelial territory of the telencephalon laterally. Second, as telencephalic growth and neurogenesis proceed between days 2 and 5 of development, the pallial region of the posterior ventricular wall of the telencephalon bulges into the dorsal aspect of the AIS. This brings the ventricular zone (VZ) into close apposition with the roof of the AIS to generate a narrow ventricular space and the thin tela choroidea (tc). As the pallial VZ expands, the tc also expands over the upper surface of the telencephalon. During this period, the major axis of growth and extension of the pallial VZ is along the anteroposterior axis. This second step effectively generates an everted telencephalon by 5 dpf.

Conclusion
Our description of telencephalic morphogenesis challenges the conventional model that eversion is simply due to a laterally directed outfolding of the telencephalic neuroepithelium. This may have significant bearing on understanding the eventual organization of the adult fish telencephalon.
Biological activities and volatile constituents of Daucus muricatus L. from Algeria
Authors: Bendiabdellah Amel , El Amine Dib Mohammed , Djabou Nassim , Allali Hocine , Tabti Boufeldja , Muselli Alain , Costa Jean 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background
In order to find new bioactive natural products, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oil components extracted from the separated organs of the Algerian medicinal and aromatic plant Daucus muricatus L. were studied.

Results
The chemical composition of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) was investigated using Gas Chromatography–Retention Indices (GC-RI) and GC–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Two types of essential oils were produced by D. muricatus: (i) The oil from roots is mainly composed by nonterpenic oxygenated compounds (59.8 g/100 g), and (ii) the aerial part oils (i.e., the leaves, stems, flowers, and umbels) was mainly composed by terpenic hydrocarbon compounds (62.3–72.2 g/100 g). The chemical composition of the volatile fraction isolated from different organs of Daucus muricatus were studied by HS–SPME/GC–RI and GC–MS after optimization of Solid Phase MicroExtraction parameters. For all organs studied, the main volatiles emitted by the plant were hydrocarbon compounds (60.7–82.2 g/100 g). Only quantitative differences between the volatiles of the separated organs studied were observed. In addition, the activity of the oil of D. muricatus against eight bacterial strains and one yeast was investigated. The oil from roots revealed active against S. aureus, while the essential oil obtained from the aerial parts was active against the yeast C. albicans.

Conclusions

Daucus muricatus essential oil seems be a promising source of natural products with potential antimicrobial activity.
Breath-hold CT attenuation correction for quantitative cardiac SPECT
Authors: Koshino Kazuhiro , Fukushima Kazuhito , Fukumoto Masaji , Sasaki Kazunari , Moriguchi Tetsuaki , Hori Yuki , Zeniya Tsutomu , Nishimura Yoshihiro , Kiso Keisuke , Iida Hidehiro 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background
Attenuation correction of a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) image is possible using computed tomography (CT)-based attenuation maps with hybrid SPECT/CT. CT attenuation maps acquired during breath holding can be misaligned with SPECT, generating artifacts in the reconstructed images. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of respiratory phase during breath-hold CT acquisition on attenuation correction of cardiac SPECT imaging.

Methods
A series of 201Tl-emission and 99mTc-based transmission computed tomography (TCT) scans was carried out along with CT-attenuation scans on 11 young normal volunteers using a hybrid SPECT/CT scanner. The CT scans were performed at three respiratory phases: end-inspiration (INS), end-expiration (EXP), and the midpoint (MID) between these phases. Using alignment parameters between attenuation maps and SPECT images without attenuation or scatter corrections, quantitative SPECT images were reconstructed, including corrections for attenuation and scatter. Regional radioactivity concentrations normalized by the subjects’ weights were compared between CT- and TCT-based attenuation correction techniques.

Results
SPECT images with CT attenuation maps at the EXP phase showed significant differences in regional weight-normalized radioactivity concentrations relative to the images using the other attenuation maps (p < 0.05), as well as systematic positive bias errors, compared to TCT-based images for all myocardial segments, 5.7% ± 2.7% (1.9% to 10.0%). No significant differences in regional weight-normalized radioactivity concentrations were observed between images with CT attenuation maps at MID and INS phases or between these and the TCT-based images, but regional tendencies were found: for anterior to anterolateral segment, positive bias of 5.0% ± 2.2% (1.3% to 8.1%) and 5.6% ± 1.9% (2.6% to 8.5%) and for inferior to inferoseptal segment, negative bias of −5.3% ± 2.6% (−9.1% to −1.7%) and −4.6% ± 2.5% (−8.8% to −1.5%) for the MID and INS phases, respectively.

Conclusions
Use of breath-hold CT attenuation maps at INS and MID phases for attenuation and scatter corrections demonstrated accurate quantitative images that would prove beneficial in cardiac SPECT/CT studies.
Obstetric healthcare providers’ perceptions of communicating gestational weight gain recommendations to overweight/obese pregnant women
Authors: Grohmann Barbara , Brazeau-Gravelle Pauline , Momoli Franco , Moreau Katherine , Zhang Tinghua , J Keely Erin 
Published: September 2012

Background Gestational weight gain (GWG) is a major risk factor of poor pregnancy outcomes. Obese pregnant women frequently report bias and discrimination when dealing with healthcare providers (HCPs). Effective communication of GWG recommendations may impact risks. Study objectives were to identify perceptions of HCPs in communicating GWG recommendations and to identify potential gaps/opportunities that could be addressed in the development of appropriate materials/programmes. Methods: A survey tool was created using the Theory of Planned Behaviour to capture HCPs’ attitudes, behaviours and intentions, using four-point Likert questions. Surveys were distributed to obstetricians/gynaecologists, family physicians, obstetric residents/ fellows, midwives, registered/public health nurses and registered dietitians. Results: Results from 96 surveys show that HCPs agreed discussing GWG was important (100%), beneficial for patient-provider rapport (86%) and best practice (100%); however, most found it unpleasant (68%). Providers have confidence in their skills to provide nutrition advice (71%) and believe they have sufficient training (56%); yet, 31% acknowledged making derogatory comments and indicated that they could improve their communication of GWG (92%). Conclusions: HCPs believe they are providing GWG recommendations in an effective and empathetic manner. While an underlying current of bias/discrimination remains, there is recognition of the importance of more training and access to appropriate tools.
Towards New Goals in European Journalism Education
Authors: Drok Nico 
Published: September 2012

Journalism is involved in substantial change caused by technological, social and economic developments, which lead to the need for innovation at every level: the working process, the content of the product, the form of the product, the public, the platform that is used to get the message
across and the profession as a whole. For each of these elements of journalism we attribute one of the following major innovations: Transparency, navigation, storytelling, participation, crossmedia and entrepreneurship.
In which way will these innovations have an effect on the learning
goals in European journalism education, according to professional journalists? Our research shows that there is a large consensus among European professionals concerning the future key qualifications for young journalists. Furthermore, there is not much evidence that a majority of European
journalists is ready to make the jump to renewal, perhaps with the exception of online journalists. Most professional journalists across Europe appear to hold a rather traditional view on their profession.
Milk lipid secretion: recent biomolecular aspects
Authors: McManaman James L. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractNeonates of most species depend on milk lipids for calories, fat-soluble vitamins, and bioactive lipid components for growth and development during the postnatal period. To meet neonatal nutrition and development needs, the mammary gland has evolved efficient mechanisms for synthesizing and secreting large quantities of lipid during lactation. Although the biochemical steps involved in milk lipid synthesis are understood, the identities of the genes mediating these steps and the molecular physiology of milk lipid production and secretion have only recently begun to be understood in detail through advances in mouse genetics, gene expression analysis, protein structural properties, and the cell biology of lipid metabolism. This review discusses emerging data about the molecular, cellular, and structural determinants of milk lipid synthesis and secretion within the context of physiological functions.
Laboratory medicine and medical oncology: the tale of two Cinderellas
Authors: Melichar Bohuslav 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Cancer represents a leading cause of death in the developed countries. The past 50 years have witnessed major progress in both laboratory medicine and clinical oncology that has translated into improved prognosis of cancer patients. From the humble beginnings as unrelated specialties, major advances in the understanding of molecular bases of cancer progression led to increased interactions between laboratory medicine and clinical (mostly medical) oncology. Laboratory medicine is now an integral part of the management of cancer patients. The many aspects of the role of laboratory medicine in clinical oncology include the determination of biomarkers that are used in establishing the diagnosis, predicting response to therapy or prognosis, study of the host response to tumor growth, detection of treatment toxicity and determining the concentrations of anticancer drugs.
Corpus frequency and acceptability judgments: A study of morphosyntactic variants in Czech
Authors: Bermel, Neil , Knittl, Luděk 
Published: September 2012

AbstractUsing data from a 100-million-word representative corpus and a large-scale acceptability survey, we have investigated the relationship between corpus data and acceptability judgments. We conclude that the relative proportions of morphosyntactic variants in a corpus are the most significant predictor of a variant's acceptability to native speakers, and that in particular high relative proportions of one variant in a corpus are reliable indicators of high acceptability to native speakers. At the same time we note the limits of this predictability: low-frequency items, as noted elsewhere in the literature, often enjoy high levels of acceptability. Statistical preemption thus appears as a more limited phenomenon than had heretofore been posited.
Synthesis of novel NHC-pyrrole-NHC C-N-C Pincer proligands
Authors: Jiang Hong , Ding Hong , Ge Kaiqi , Guang Pei , Li Yunfei , Liu Xiang , Pang Guangsheng , Shi Yanhui 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Two novel pyrrole-functionalized bis(benzoimidazolium) salts, which are novel NHC-pyrrole-NHC C-N-C Pincer proligands were synthesized in high yield. Both of these compounds are fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, IR and elemental analysis.