bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obszar językowy litewski w państwie polskim 1927–1933
Authors: Chomiński Olgierd 
Published: September 2015

Lithuanian linguistic territory in the Polish state between 1927–1933Olgierd Chomiński (1884–1943), professor of Stephan Batory’s University in Vilnius, investigated and described in detail the territory and the boundaries of Lithuanian language in Poland, and presented them in the form of a map published in 1939. Full list of localities and the number of persons speaking Lithuanian (as well as Polish, Belorussian, Russian Old Believers and Yiddish in mutual relations) were arranged and discussed successively: uniform areas (Święciany 50 000, Orany 24 000, Puńsk–Sejny 8 200) mixed areas (Ejszyszki, Soleczniki, Werenów, Raduń 9 500), and linguistic islands (Opsa 2 200, Gierwiaty 4 000, Dziewieniszki 4 200, Łazduny 2 500, Wilno–Troki 900 and several dozen people in Zdzięcioł), altogether about 106 000 persons, who could speak or understand Lithuanian language. After the author’s death the materials have been supplemented by Professor Jan Safarewicz, but the whole has been prepared for publication by Leszek Bednarczuk. Литовский языковой ареал в Польском государстве 1927–1933В северо-восточных районах Польши в междувоенный период проживало литовское меньшинство, главным образом на этнических литовских землях. С течением времени обнаружилась тенденция к сокращению этого ареала. Pacceлeние и кoличecтвo литовского нacceлeния нa мecтах иccлeдовaл пoльcкий yчeный O. Хоминьски. Автор публикуемых материалов, Ольгерд Хоминьски, был профессором в Университете им. Стефана Батория в Вильнюсе. Умер в 1943 году, не окончив начатого труда. До начала II мировой войны (в 1939 году) была издана лишь карта литовского языкового ареала в Польше и подготовлена к печати лишь глава, описываюшая свенцянскинй район. Остальной материал остался необработанным. К изданию данный материал подготовил профессор Л. Беднарчук. Нecкoлькo нeбoльших глaв oбрaбoтал в началe 50-их гoдов XX вeка проф. Ян Caфаpeвич.
Online Sexual Solicitation of Minors
Authors: Schulz Anja , Bergen Emilia , Schuhmann Petya , Hoyer Jürgen , Santtila Pekka 
Published: September 2015

Objectives: This study examined how frequently online sexual solicitation of adolescents and children by adults occurs and what characteristics the perpetrators have using a novel methodological approach. Method: In an online survey, we investigated the frequency of online sexual solicitation exhibited by adult Internet users ( N = 2,828), including a subgroup recruited on pedophilia-related websites. Perpetrators soliciting adolescents were compared to those soliciting children concerning solicitation outcomes (e.g., cybersex) and demography. Results: In total, 4.5 percent reported soliciting adolescents and 1.0 percent reported soliciting children. Most solicitors of adolescents and children were from pedophilia-related websites (49.1 and 79.2 percent). Solicitation frequently involved sexual outcomes (47.5 percent), which also followed nonsexual interaction. The minors’ age did not affect the odds of sexual outcomes. A substantial proportion of perpetrators were female. Conclusions: This study offers unprecedented data on the number of adults soliciting minors. Although adolescents were more often target of solicitation, the risk of sexual outcomes was equally high in solicitation of children, suggesting younger children to be considered in prevention efforts as well. Nonsexual interactions resulting in sexual outcomes need to be more closely examined to inform appropriate prevention efforts. Moreover, awareness should be raised about females as perpetrators.
Defining consensus norms for palliative care of people with intellectual disabilities in Europe, using Delphi methods: A White Paper from the European Association of Palliative Care
Authors: Tuffrey-Wijne Irene , McLaughlin Dorry , Curfs Leopold , Dusart Anne , Hoenger Catherine , McEnhill Linda , Read Sue , Ryan Karen , Satgé Daniel , Straßer Benjamin , Westergård Britt-Evy , Oliver David 
Published: September 2015

Background: People with intellectual disabilities often present with unique challenges that make it more difficult to meet their palliative care needs. Aim: To define consensus norms for palliative care of people with intellectual disabilities in Europe. Design: Delphi study in four rounds: (1) a taskforce of 12 experts from seven European countries drafted the norms, based on available empirical knowledge and regional/national guidelines; (2) using an online survey, 34 experts from 18 European countries evaluated the draft norms, provided feedback and distributed the survey within their professional networks. Criteria for consensus were clearly defined; (3) modifications and recommendations were made by the taskforce; and (4) the European Association for Palliative Care reviewed and approved the final version. Setting and participants: Taskforce members: identified through international networking strategies. Expert panel: a purposive sample identified through taskforce members’ networks. Results: A total of 80 experts from 15 European countries evaluated 52 items within the following 13 norms: equity of access, communication, recognising the need for palliative care, assessment of total needs, symptom management, end-of-life decision making, involving those who matter, collaboration, support for family/carers, preparing for death, bereavement support, education/training and developing/managing services. None of the items scored less than 86% agreement, making a further round unnecessary. In light of respondents’ comments, several items were modified and one item was deleted. Conclusion: This White Paper presents the first guidance for clinical practice, policy and research related to palliative care for people with intellectual disabilities based on evidence and European consensus, setting a benchmark for changes in policy and practice.
Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Özpelit Ebru , Akdeniz Bahri , Özpelit Mehmet Emre , Tas Sedat , Bozkurt Selen , Tertemiz Kemal Can , Sevinç Can , Badak Özer 
Published: September 2015

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the prediction of long-term mortality in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Methods This prospective study recorded NLR during initial diagnostic right-sided cardiac catheterization in adult patients with PAH. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and haemodynamic variables were compared by NLR tertile. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine whether NLR was independently associated with mortality. Results Adults with PAH ( n = 101) were followed-up for mean ± SD 36.8 ± 23.6 months. The number of deaths, New York Heart Association functional capacity (NYHA FC), levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) or C-reactive protein (CRP) and presence of pericardial effusion increased as the NLR tertile increased, but haemoglobin and tricuspid plane annular systolic excursion (TAPSE) decreased. On univariate analysis, high NLR values were associated with mortality, but on multivariate analysis, NLR did not remain an independent predictor of mortality. Baseline NYHA FC, TAPSE, BNP level and pericardial effusion were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusions NLR was correlated with important prognostic markers in PAH such as NYHA FC, BNP and TAPSE. This simple marker may be useful in the assessment of disease severity in patients with PAH.
Technetium-99m thyroid scan; does it have a diagnostic aid in sub-clinical auto-immune thyroid disease in systemic lupus erythematosus patients?
Authors: Amin A , Alkemary A , Abdo M , Salama M 
Published: September 2015

Purpose Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) thyroid scintigraphy is a well known diagnostic tool that shows the entire gland in a single image. We aimed to evaluate its additive diagnostic value in subclinical autoimmune thyroid disease (S-AITD) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Methods We investigated 100 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients without overt thyroid involvement (eight men and 92 women; mean age 40±6.5 years) and 50 age and sex matched controls. All were subjected to thyroid evaluation using anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies; hormones (FT3; FT4 and TSH) and Tc-99m thyroid scintigraphy. Results 14/100 (14%) and none (0%) were positive for S-AITD in SLE and control groups, respectively ( P = 0.0001). They were classified by thyroid scintigraphy and hormonal profile into 2/14 Hashimoto; 10/14 atrophic thyroiditis and 2/14 Graves' disease. Anti-TPO was elevated in 12 SLE cases, while anti-TG was elevated in only 2/14 ( P = 0.0001). Thyroid scintigraphy showed statistically significant associations with FT4, TSH and anti-TPO. Conclusion Tc-99m thyroid scintigraphy may have an additional diagnostic role in S-AITD among SLE patients, with an impact on patient management. This potential needs to be further evaluated in a larger series on a multicenter basis.
A pooled analysis of common femoral and profunda femoris endovascular interventions
Authors: Bath Jonathan , Avgerinos Efthymios 
Published: September 2015

Background Atherosclerotic disease of common femoral and profunda femoris arteries has been historically treated with surgical endarterectomy. Endovascular treatment of common femoral artery and profunda femoris artery disease is increasingly reported in the recent literature. This review summarizes short- and mid-term outcomes of endovascular interventions to the common femoral artery and common femoral artery. Methods All published series in the English language were identified through a systematic PubMed search. Standard descriptive statistics, reported as mean ± SD, were applied to perform the pooled analysis and calculate the overall outcome measures. Combined overall effect sizes were calculated using fixed-effect meta-analysis. Results The analysis included 20 studies with a total of 836 patients (897 limbs, mean age of 70.5 ± 4.3 years, critical limb ischemia 39.6%). Technical success was 95%. Angioplasty alone was undertaken in 68.8% of cases and stenting in 22.3%. Access complications occurred in 2.4% of cases. Post-operative major adverse limb events occurred in 2% and major adverse cardiovascular events in 1% of cases. Primary patency at 6, 12 and 24 months was 87%, 77% and 73%, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed a significantly higher mean primary patency at 12 months for routine stenting compared to a selective stenting strategy (91.4% versus 75%; p < 0.05). Conclusions Endovascular interventions to the common femoral artery and common femoral artery can be performed safely with high technical success. Endovascular therapy may be a favored approach over endarterectomy for highly selected patients of poor surgical risk, with limited life expectancy and those with wound-healing considerations such as re-operative fields or prone to infection.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside promotes oxidative stress-induced cytoskeleton reorganization through integrin-linked kinase signaling pathway in vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Jiang Yue-Hua , Sun Wei , Li Wei , Hu Hong-Zhen , Zhou Le , Jiang Hui-Hui , Xu Jing-Xin 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Background
Dysfunction of vascular endothelium is implicated in many pathological situations. Cytoskeleton plays an importance role in vascular endothelial permeability barrier and inflammatory response. Many Chinese herbs have the endothelial protective effect, of which, “Astragalus membranaceus” is a highly valued herb for treatment of cardiovascular and renal diseases in traditional Chinese medicine, In this study, we tested whether calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (Calycosin), a main effective monomer component of “Astragalus membranaceus”, could protect endothelial cells from bacterial endotoxin (LPS)-induced cell injury.

Methods
Endothelial cell injury was induced by exposing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to LPS. The effects of calycosin on LPS-induced changes in cell viability, apoptosis rate, cell migration, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), generationof intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytoskeleton organization were determined. Microarray assay was employed to screen the possible gene expression change. Based on the results of microarray assay, the expression profile of genes involved in Rho/ROCK pathway and AKT pathway were further evaluated with quantitative real-time RT-PCR or western blot methods.

Results
Calycosin improved cell viability, suppressed apoptosis and protected the cells from LPS-induced reduction in cell migration and generation of ROS, protein level of NOS at a comparable magnitude to that of Y27632 and valsartan. Similar to Y27632 and valsartan, Calycosin, also neutralized LPS-induced actomyosin contraction and vinculin protein aggregation. Microarray assay, real-time PCR and western blot results revealed that LPS induced expression of FN, ITG A5, RhoA, PI3K (or PIP2 in western blotting), FAK, VEGF and VEGF R2, and inhibited expression of MLCP. We believed multiple pathways involved in the regulation of calycosin on HUVECs. Calycosin are considered to be able to activate MLCP through promoting the generation of NO, decreasing PMLC, suppressing the cytoskeleton remodeling caused by activation of Rho/ROCK pathway and inhibiting AKT pathway by decreasing VEGF, VEGF R2 and PI3K level.

Conclusion
Calycosin protected HUVEC from LPS-induced endothelial injury, possibly through suppression of Rho/ROCK pathway and regulation of AKT pathway.
A study of the immediate effects of glycerine‐filled insoles, contoured prefabricated orthoses and flat insoles on single‐leg balance, gait patterns and perceived comfort in healthy adults
Authors: Hatton Anna L. , Hug François , Brown Brooke C. M. , Green Leon P. , Hughes Jacob R. , King Jarrad , Orgar Emma J. , Surman Kate , Vicenzino Bill 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundFootwear interventions are often prescribed to assist with the management of lower limb pain, injury and disease. Commercially available shoe insoles and orthoses are increasingly incorporating novel design features to alleviate foot and lower limb symptoms, but this may be at a cost to optimal functional performance. This study compared the immediate effects of wearing glycerine‐filled insoles, contoured prefabricated orthoses, and flat insoles, on balance and gait measures.MethodsThirty healthy adults (17 men, 13 women; mean [SD] age: 24.3 [2.5] years) performed tests of single‐leg standing with eyes open (Kistler force platform), star excursion balance test, and level‐ground walking (GAITRite® walkway system), under three randomised conditions: wearing glycerine‐filled insoles, prefabricated orthoses, and flat (control) insoles, within their own footwear. Centre of pressure movement (anterior‐posterior and mediolateral range and standard deviation, total path velocity), star excursion balance test reach distance, and temporospatial gait variables were collected. Perceived comfort of the inserts was scored immediately after use on a 100 mm visual analogue rating scale. After trialling all inserts each participant ranked their level of comfort from least to most.ResultsCentre of pressure measures, star excursion balance test reach distance, or temporospatial gait variables did not differ between the three inserts (all P values >0.088). Significant between‐condition differences were reported for comfort ranking (P = 0.031), but not rating scores (P = 0.638). Weak to moderate negative correlations (r values ranged between −0.368 and −0.406) were observed between visual analogue scale comfort rating for the flat insoles and prefabricated orthoses, star excursion balance test and gait measures.ConclusionsSingle‐leg standing balance, star excursion balance test performance, and level‐ground walking patterns in asymptomatic adults do not appear to differ when wearing glycerine‐filled insoles, contoured prefabricated orthoses, or flat insoles. Perceived comfort may be related to the biomechanical or clinical effectiveness of novel footwear interventions, and requires further investigation. Importantly, these findings are specific to a healthy population and further research is needed to determine the long‐term effects of glycerine‐filled insoles in patients with known balance impairments.
Transplantation of cultured dental pulp stem cells into the skeletal muscles ameliorated diabetic polyneuropathy: therapeutic plausibility of freshly isolated and cryopreserved dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Hata Masaki , Omi Maiko , Kobayashi Yasuko , Nakamura Nobuhisa , Tosaki Takahiro , Miyabe Megumi , Kojima Norinaga , Kubo Katsutoshi , Ozawa Shogo , Maeda Hatsuhiko , Tanaka Yoshinobu , Matsubara Tatsuaki , Naruse Keiko 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells located in dental pulp and are thought to be a potential source for cell therapy since DPSCs can be easily obtained from teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons. Obtained DPSCs can be cryopreserved until necessary and thawed and expanded when needed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic potential of DPSC transplantation for diabetic polyneuropathy.

Methods
DPSCs isolated from the dental pulp of extracted incisors of Sprague–Dawley rats were partly frozen in a −80 °C freezer for 6 months. Cultured DPSCs were transplanted into the unilateral hindlimb skeletal muscles 8 weeks after streptozotocine injection and the effects of DPSC transplantation were evaluated 4 weeks after the transplantation.

Results
Transplantation of DPSCs significantly improved the impaired sciatic nerve blood flow, sciatic motor/sensory nerve conduction velocity, capillary number to muscle fiber ratio and intra-epidermal nerve fiber density in the transplanted side of diabetic rats. Cryopreservation of DPSCs did not impair their proliferative or differential ability. The transplantation of cryopreserved DPSCs ameliorated sciatic nerve blood flow and sciatic nerve conduction velocity as well as freshly isolated DPSCs.

Conclusions
We demonstrated the effectiveness of DPSC transplantation for diabetic polyneuropathy even when using cryopreserved DPSCs, suggesting that the transplantation of DPSCs could be a promising tool for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy.
Assessment of bystander killing-mediated therapy of malignant brain tumors using a multimodal imaging approach
Authors: Leten Cindy , Trekker Jesse , Struys Tom , Dresselaers Tom , Gijsbers Rik , Velde Greetje Vande , Lambrichts Ivo , Van Der Linden Annemie , Verfaillie Catherine M. , Himmelreich Uwe 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Introduction
In this study, we planned to assess if adult stem cell-based suicide gene therapy can efficiently eliminate glioblastoma cells in vivo. We investigated the therapeutic potential of mouse Oct4− bone marrow multipotent adult progenitor cells (mOct4− BM-MAPCs) in a mouse glioblastoma model, guided by multimodal in vivo imaging methods to identify therapeutic windows.

Methods
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of animals, wherein 5 × 105 syngeneic enhanced green fluorescent protein-firefly luciferase-herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (eGFP-fLuc-HSV-TK) expressing and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle labeled (1 % or 10 %) mOct4− BM-MAPCs were grafted in glioblastoma (GL261)-bearing animals, showed that labeled mOct4− BM-MAPCs were located in and in close proximity to the tumor. Subsequently, ganciclovir (GCV) treatment was commenced and the fate of both the MAPCs and the tumor were followed by multimodal imaging (MRI and bioluminescence imaging).

Results
In the majority of GCV-treated, but not phosphate-buffered saline-treated animals, a significant difference was found in mOct4− BM-MAPC viability and tumor size at the end of treatment. Noteworthy, in some phosphate-buffered saline-treated animals (33 %), a significant decrease in tumor size was seen compared to sham-operated animals, which could potentially also be caused by a synergistic effect of the immune-modulatory stem cells.

Conclusions
Suicide gene therapy using mOct4− BM-MAPCs as cellular carriers was effective in reducing the tumor size in the majority of the GCV-treated animals leading to a longer progression-free survival compared to sham-operated animals. This treatment could be followed and guided noninvasively in vivo by MRI and bioluminescence imaging. Noninvasive imaging is of particular interest for a rapid and efficient validation of stem cell-based therapeutic approaches for glioblastoma and hereby contributes to a better understanding and optimization of a promising therapeutic approach for glioblastoma patients.
Subventricular zone neural progenitors reverse TNF-alpha effects in cortical neurons
Authors: Morini Raffaella , Ghirardini Elsa , Butti Erica , Verderio Claudia , Martino Gianvito , Matteoli Michela 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) plays a physiological role in controlling synaptic transmission and plasticity in the healthy central nervous system by modulating glutamate receptor trafficking to the plasma membrane. TNFα expression is also rapidly induced in response to tissue injury and infection. By promoting the insertion of Ca2+ permeable-AMPA receptors into the neuronal plasma membrane, this cytokine may cause excessive Ca2+ influx into neurons, thus enhancing neuronal death.

Methods
Primary cultures of cortical neurons were obtained from E18 foetal mice and incubated for 24 h with adult neural stem cells (aNPCs) either stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS+aNPCs) or not (aNPCs). Cultures were treated with TNFα (100 ng/ml), and electrophysiological recordings were performed in different conditions to evaluate the effect of the cytokine on neuronal transmission.

Results
In this study, we demonstrate that aNPCs from the subventricular zone reverse the effects induced by the cytokine. Moreover, we show that the effect of aNPCs on cortical neurons is mediated by cannabinoid CB1 receptor activation.

Conclusion
These data suggest that the role of aNPCs in preventing excitatory neurotransmission potentiation induced by TNFα on cortical neurons may have important implications for pathologies characterized by an inflammatory component affecting cortical neurons such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Chalcogen–Chalcogen Interactions in Furan-YHX and Thiophene-YHX Complexes (X = F, Cl, Br; Y = S, Se): An Ab Initio Study
Authors: Esrafili Mehdi D , Saeidi Nasibeh , Baneshi Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
In this work, ab initio calculations are performed to study chalcogen–chalcogen interactions in binary furan-YHX and thiophene-YHX (X = F, Cl, Br; Y = S, Se) complexes. Interaction energies of these complexes vary between −13.65 and −23.96 kJ mol−1 at MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ level. For a given X, complexes of SeHX have shorter chalcogen–chalcogen distances than SHX counterparts. The strength of the furan-YHX and thiophene-YHX complexes for a given Y decreases as follows: X = F &gt; Cl &gt; Br. Even though chalcogen–chalcogen interactions are mainly dominated by electrostatic effects, interaction energy decomposition analysis shows that polarization and dispersion effects also make important contributions to the stability of these complexes. In addition, charge-transfer from the O(S) lone pair to the σ*Y–X orbital leads to stabilization of these complexes. To further characterize the nature of chalcogen–chalcogen interactions, molecular electrostatic potential and quantum theory of atoms in molecules analyses are performed. Cooperative effects are observed when hydrogen bond and chalcogen–chalcogen interactions coexist in furan-YHF-HCN and thiophene-YHF-HCN.