bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Granite Slurry Powder on Characterization of Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Charan Kumar Reddy B , Gayatri A , Krishna Prasanna P , Koti Swami Naik B , Jeenith G , Narasimha G 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Geopolymer concrete, with its high compressive strength and low permeability, is ideal for sturdiness and environmental resistance in construction projects. It can lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional concrete. India has abundant quantities of effluent from factories, namely Glass powder (GP), Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and Granite slurry powder (GSP). The GSP is an environmentally friendly substance that has no recognized applications, is usually disposed of in landfills, and pollutes the air and creates infiltration issues in nearby communities. The mechanical characteristics of geopolymer concrete (GPC) with different ratios of GSP, GGBS, and glass powder were the main focus of this investigation. Moreover, finalized the optimum mix from strength criteria and studied the durability properties by maintaining a constant molarity of 16M in ambient curing. Initially five mixes (G0-50, G50-0, G25-25, G30-20, G20-30) were prepared and determined their compressive strengths based on that identified an optimum mix G-30-20. Optimum mix was prepared with 50% GGBS, 30% GSP, and 20% GP as binder content. The compressive, splitting tensile, flexural and bond strengths at the age of 28 days of optimum mix was 91 MPa, 4.72 MPa, 6.96 MPa and 10.08 MPa respectively. Furthermore, observed a very low rate of water absorption of 0.28%, sorptivity 0.4 mm/

s

. and UPV value is 4.8 km/s, it indicates geopolymer concrete has superior quality. Based on the results obtained from several mix proportions, the combination of 30% GSP, 20% GP, and 50% GGBS can be used as a sustainable concrete, which offers better results in durability and mechanical properties.
Development of Standard Grade Concrete Using Sustainable Materials
Authors: Shashidhar Gundla , Boppana Narendra Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The construction field is constantly looking in innovative and sustainable methods to enhance concrete’s mechanical properties while minimizing the quantity of the impact on the ecosystem due to the manufacturing of cement. This research investigates the usage of Granite Powder (GrP) as a replacement to fine aggregate and Glass Powder (GP) as a replacement to cement. This research is focused on investigating the influence of adding glass and granite powder in concrete on its mechanical properties, workability, and overall performance in addition to reducing the material’s ecological footprint, recycling waste, protecting natural resources, and promoting sustainable waste management techniques. In this experiment, GP serves as a replacement for cement in amounts of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%, and GrP served as a replacement for fine aggregate in amounts of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, to make several concrete compositions. The fresh characteristics of the various concrete mixes were measured by slump cone test, and the mechanical characteristics were assessed by compression, split tensile and flexural strength tests. According to the preliminary findings, adding glass powder and granite powder to concrete mixtures significantly affects the fresh and mechanical properties of concrete. The standard grade concrete mix, which replaced 15% of the cement with glass powder and 30% of the fine aggregate with granite powder, showed the maximum compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength of 52.19 MPa, 4.79 MPa, and 6.85 MPa correspondingly, in contrast to every other combination. In conclusion, the mechanical properties of standard grade concrete was positively affected by the incorporation of GP and GrP. These findings suggest the possibility of employing these alternative materials in the manufacturing of concrete while enhancing its mechanical performance and laying the foundation for future research and practical applications in the construction industry.
Mechanical Properties of Quaternary Blended Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Kommala Subhash , Kolli Ramujee 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Over the past decade, Geopolymers were considered as a novel promising material for sustainable development in the construction industry. It is a well-known fact that to reduce the usage of OPC concrete, usage of alternative binders is mandatory. Past Literature reveals that Industrial wastes such as Fly ash, GGBS, Metakaolin and Rice husk ash were extensively used in geopolymer concrete in the form of combination of binary, ternary and quaternary blended concretes. However, there is a very little report was reported on binary and Ternary blended geopolymer concrete. The research work on Quaternary blended concrete using Fly ash, GGBS, metakaolin and Wollastonite was not reported so far. Geopolymer concrete is a novel substance involves various chemical compositions and reactions in a binding material. The research work focused upon on the mix design and mechanical characteristics of binary, Ternary and quaternary blended geopolymer concrete. Quaternary blended GPC is made up of four binding components namely Fly Ash, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, Metakaolin, and Wollastonite. The Binary blended GPC i.e. Fly Ash to GGBS ratio, geopolymer mix was 70:30. The ratios of Fly Ash: GGBS: Metakaolin for the ternary blended mix were 50:30:20& Fly Ash: GGBS: Metakaolin: Wollastonite for the quaternary geopolymer mixtures is 30:30:20:20 respectively. Wollastonite is a calcium metasilicate (CaSiO3) mineral. Sodium, when present in an alkaline solution alongside silicate and hydroxide, triggers the activation of the binding elements. The alkaline promoter (NaOH/Na2SiO3) ratio was set at 2.5, while the precise amount of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) had been maintained at 8M(Molarity). The present experimental investigation demonstrates that mechanical properties of GPC such as compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength for Quaternary blended Geopolymer concrete have outperformed the other two blends i.e. binary and ternary blended GPC due to the Wollastonite based quaternary binder.
Studies on the Mechanical Properties of Recycled Aggregate Concrete using Treated Recycled Coarse Aggregates
Authors: Rama Rasagna Attili SVS , Siempu Rakesh , Murali Krishna B. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Recycled Aggregate (RA) obtained from C & D (Construction and Demolition) debris, especially from concrete waste is an excellent way to produce concrete sustainably and with an eco-friendly approach. The usage of RA in concrete results in savings of conventional natural materials like river sand as fine aggregate (FA) and crushed granite as coarse aggregate (CA). However, the use of recycled aggregates in concrete has shown a significant diminishment in the concrete hardened properties. Hence, this study aims to develop RA concrete that matches the properties of natural aggregates by adopting aggregate treatment techniques. In this study, two aggregate treatment techniques are adopted i.e., acid treatment using Hydrochloric acid and base treatment using Sodium Hydroxide. Two different grades of concrete were chosen and the NA (natural aggregates) were replaced 100% by untreated RA as well as treated recycled aggregates (treated using acid and base). A detailed comparison has been made between the hardened characteristics of concrete produced with natural, untreated as well as treated (acid and base) recycled aggregates. From the obtained experimental test results it was concluded that both the acid & base treatment methods had yielded better results and the hardened properties were found to be similar to that of the NA concrete.
Electrochemical study on the effect of high volume fly ash on the corrosion of reinforcement in self compacting concrete slab panels
Authors: Muralidhara Rao T , Venkatesh Chava , Sri Durga Chereddy Sonali , Bommisetty Jagadeesh , Ravi Kumar Reddy C 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In aggressive environmental conditions, corrosion of rebars affects the life of RC structures. Pathways for quick ingress of chloride and water are the pores, voids and cracks in concrete which affect the load bearing capacity and life of structures. Use of pozzolanic materials in concrete provide good protection to the reinforcement from chloride attack due to the pores filling and microstructural refinement internally. The present work investigates the maximum load carrying capacity, peak deflection, residual flexural strength, energy absorption capacity, mass loss and compressive strength of M20 grade High volume fly ash SCC slab panels when exposed to saline environment by partial replacement of cement (0%, 25%, 35%, 45%) at 0%, 5% degree of corrosion using accelerating corrosion technique justifying the suitability of HVFA SCC for structural concrete applications. HVFA SCC one-way slab panels of 700mmx300mmx60mm are cast with steel reinforcement having yield strength of 500 MPa. In a particular fly ash percentage and corrosion percentage level, one slab panel was tested. Experimental results show that the maximum load carrying capacity, peak deflection, energy absorption capacity, mass loss, residual flexural strength, compressive strength of HVFA SCC is less than 20% compared to 0% fly ash SCC specimens.
Compressive Strength Prediction of Fly Ash Geopolymer Concrete Using Support Vector and Random Forest Regression
Authors: Venkateswara Rao J , Harish Kumar K. , Satish N. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The mix design of geopolymer concrete includes consideration of several factors and many trail tests. Obviously, to obtain specified target strength different combinations need to be repeatedly adjusted. As a result, this process consumes more time and energy resources. Therefore, from the sustainability of resources it is essential to develop a predictive model, which can show the influence of different combinations on the targeted compressive strength of geopolymer concrete. The current work includes prediction of compressive strength of fly ash based geopolymer concrete using machine leaning algorithms. The input data sets for the modelling are collected from previously conducted research works. Machine leaning algorithms employed are Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Random Forest method (RFM). The input variables include quantity of sodium silicate solution, molarity of sodium hydroxide, ratios of NaOH to Na2SiO3, Alkaline liquid to fly ash and total water content to geopolymer solids. About 75 % of the data collected is used for training and 25 % of the data is used for testing the performance of the model. The accuracy of the model developed is checked using coefficient of determination. It is observed from statical checks that both methods predicted the compressive strength to an acceptable degree of accuracy. The coefficient of determination of for SVM and RFM are found to be 0.82 and 0.81 respectively. Results indicated that the quantities of aggregates are not influencing the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete, on the other hand alkaline liquid to binder and water to geopolymer solids are showing significant impact on the strength of mixes.
Effect of reinforcement on load-carrying capacity of shallow foundation resting on silty clay
Authors: Monika Kangujam , Devi Th Kiranbala 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this paper, an experiment study investigated the effect of reinforced silty clay on the geotechnical behaviour of the small-scale square foundation models (15cm in length and 15cm in breadth with a thickness of 2.5 cm). A comparison of reinforced and unreinforced soil based on the bearing capacity of the soil and settlement was conducted. Moreover, the laboratory test also includes two cases for reinforced soil regarding the embedment depth of the reinforcement. In the first case, the reinforcement was embedded at a depth equal to u/B = 0.5; in the second case, the reinforcement was embedded at a depth equal to u/B = 1. The paper also presents the use of fibreglass mats as soil reinforcement. The foundation’s bearing capacity and settlement characteristics resting on reinforced soil were greater than those of the unreinforced soil, as observed from the results. It also found that the soil reinforced with a reinforcement layer at an embedment depth equal to u/B= 0.5 had better geotechnical behaviour in ultimate bearing capacity and settlement than the soil reinforced with a reinforcement layer at a depth equal to u/B=1 and unreinforced soil. The bearing capacity ratio (BCR) value is higher for reinforced soil at embedment depth equal to u/B=0.5 than that of embedment depth at u/B =1. The settlement reduction factor (SRF) factor is lesser for soil reinforced at a depth equal to u/B=0.5 than u/B=1. This proves that the influence of reinforcement decreases with depth.
Bearing capacity analysis of cohesive-frictional soil as filling material over soft soil
Authors: Vooturi Rohan Babu , Kadali Srinivas 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The construction of superstructures on soft soils demands the desired bearing capacity. This can be achieved through various approaches, including improving soil properties using chemical methods, or by employing techniques such as increasing footing dimensions or using micro piles which are uneconomical and time-consuming. To overcome this, enhancement of bearing capacity of soft soils was done by simple and economical technique i.e., cutting the existing soft soil and filling the Cohesive-frictional soil with a defined ratio of top layer thickness to width of the footing. To conduct this analysis, Plaxis 3D software was employed to investigate soil behaviour and simulate various scenarios, to identify the optimum thickness of the fill layer required to enhance the desired bearing capacity of the strata while ensuring a prescribed settlement and load imposed by the superstructure following the Indian Standards for constructing a multi-storied building. The investigation determined that the optimum top layer thickness to footing width is 2. The findings of this study will contribute valuable insights into geotechnical engineering practices, offering a practical and economical solution for enhancing the bearing capacity of soft soils in construction projects.
Investigation of black cotton soil using prototype testing as a clay core material for embankment dams
Authors: Nasim Mohd , Choudhary Shubham 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
It is crucial for civil engineers to develop new strategies and methods to fully meet the demands for water in order to meet the steadily increasing demand. Using a scale model of a typical embankment dam, an analysis of the black cotton soil as the inner core material is attempted as a follow-up. In this paper, the analysis of the prototype’s clay core supported by the Murom soil’s slightly permeable outer shell is presented. A prototype dam built on a solid stone foundation to mimic the surrounding area’s original ground conditions. We saw that the downstream face became wet after one hour and forty-five minutes of this experiment, and the dam prototype collapsed after two hours.
Shrinkage Cracking Potential of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Daneti S B , Tam C T , Tamilselvan T , Kannan V , Kong K H , Islam M R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Shrinkage cracking is one of the concerns in concrete constructions. Studies were performed to understand the potential of lightweight aggregate concrete’s (LWAC) shrinkage cracking. In the study, LWAC of different water/cement ratio (w/c - 0.30 to 0.56), aggregate volumes (0 to 0.50) and aggregate densities (NWA-2.65 g/cm3 to L5-0.64 g/cm3) were designed. The restrained ring specimens were prepared for testing and after 7-days moist curing, exposed in controlled environment for shrinkage cracking tests. The mechanical properties of splitting tensile strength and elastic modulus; deformational properties of shrinkage and coefficient of creep were also tested for use in theoretical analysis. It was observed from the shrinkage cracking results that for similar mix proportions, the potential risk of shrinkage cracking was higher in LWAC than normal weight concrete (NWC). The shrinkage cracking potential LWAC is found to be higher in concretes containing higher w/c ratio, lower volume of coarse aggregate and lower density aggregates. Based on the experimental data on restrained ring specimens, the age at which cracks appears can be prolonged or controlled by lowering the rate of shrinkage to lower than 4με/day. At cracking the average tensile strain for LWAC (213 με) was observed to be double that of NWC (100 με).
Green Porous Concrete For Rainwater Harvesting and Urban Pavements
Authors: Supraja Ambati , Vamsi T. , Rao Samanasa Krishna , Bhavitha Puspur , Kumar Kethavath Kranthi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The development of sustainable infrastructure solutions that address both environmental and urban planning challenges are most prominent for the rapid urbanization and increasing concerns over water scarcity. With the similar objective this study introduces Green Porous Concrete (GPC) as an innovative material designed for rainwater harvesting and urban pavement applications. While maintaining structural integrity, GPC is formulated by incorporating recycled aggregates, supplementary cementitious materials, and specialized admixtures to enhance permeability. The research investigates the material properties of GPC through comprehensive laboratory testing, including porosity, compressive strength, permeability, and durability assessments. These trials demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of GPC in managing storm water runoff, reducing surface flooding, and promoting groundwater recharge and GPC exhibits significantly higher permeability in contrast to conventional concrete Moreover, the incorporation of recycled materials and supplementary cementitious materials contributes to a reduced environmental footprint, aligning with sustainable construction practices. In conclusion, this study presents Green Porous Concrete as a promising solution for sustainable urban infrastructure. Its incorporation in rainwater harvesting and pavement systems offers dual benefits of effective storm water management and reduced environmental impact.
Evaluating the Effects of Vanadium- infused CaBP Nanophosphors: Insights into structural Morphological and Photoluminescent studies
Authors: Rajesh Yadav M. , Rajyalakshmi Ch. , Balaji Gupta T V.L.N. , Lakshmikanth G.V. , Ravikumar R.V.S.S.N. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Due to their potential for use in numerous applications, including displays, medical imaging, lighting, and fluorescent lamps, phosphor luminescent materials especially those activated with transition metal ions— intensive research has been conducted over the last decade on these topics. Present document describes a report on the solid-state reaction method has been used to prepare nanophosphors of Ca6BP5O20:xVO2+ (x=0.01,0.03 & 0.05 mol%) and to examine the effects of vanadyl doping on structural and morphological studies using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), and photoluminescence. Both the undoped and vanadyl-doped Calcium Borophosphate (CaBP and CaBP:xVO2+) nanophosphors. According to structural characteristics, both vanadium-undoped and vanadium-doped Calcium Borophosphate (CaBP&CaBP: VO2+) nanophosphors revealed triclinic structure, and the average crystallite sizes changed from 29 nm to 22 nm with increasing vanadium doping levels. Morphological research revealed that the pictures were like particles. Tetrahedral borate groups stretching vibration modes are represented in the FT-IR spectra by bands in the range of 1085-820 cm-1, whereas trigonal planar groups are represented by bands in the range of 1378-1236 cm-1. With an excitation wavelength of 385 nm, both undoped and vanadyl-doped photoluminescence spectra show a visible exude peak at 534 nm. The chromaticity results indicate that the VO2+ -doped CaBP nanophosphors had chromaticity coordinates (x,y) of (x = 0.2149, y = 0.5607), (x = 0.2119, y = 0.4688), and (x = 0.2110, y = 0.4071), correspondingly, which were located in blue-green, green, and pale blue colour spaces. When the dopant concentration is increased from 0.01 to 0.05 mol%, the light emission characteristics change from pale blue to green. These findings showed that transition metal ion-doped phosphor materials are appropriate for use in display device applications.
Effect of Material type and Process Parameters on Tensile Strength of 3D Printed Specimen
Authors: Singaravel B. , Devaraj S. , Niranjan T. , Chakradhar B. , Chaitanya P. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Fused deposition Modelling (FDM) is a solid based 3D printing process. In this work, FDM based 3D printing process with three different raw materials and its tensile strength is investigated. Nylon, Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) are used as three raw materials in this work. Tensile specimen is printed using FDM and conducted tensile strength using Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Process parameters considered raw material type, layer thickness and filament extrusion speed. Response parameter considered is tensile strength. Experiments are designed on basis of Taguchi L9 orthogonal array for analysing the performance. The result of experiment is revealed that nylon is most significant parameter affecting the tensile strength. Also, it is noticed that 3D printed tensile specimen strength is influenced with lower value of layer thickness (0.1 mm) and extrusions speed (50 mm/sec). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is performed and the result indicated that layer thickness and material type are shown higher contribution.
Sustainable Concrete Mix Design with Zeolite as Partial Cement Replacement
Authors: Alisha Shaik Subhan , Fayaz P. , Rani Bandaru Venkata Naga , Biradar Sangmesh V , Rohith P. , Vasudhar Kaja Venkata , Rupa Venkata Ganesh S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Reduced cement use in concrete construction is a practical way to reduce carbon emissions and combat global warming. one tactic is to use a cementitious or non-cementitious filler in place of some of the cement. optimizing the combination proportions to reduce the cement content is a different tactic. There isn’t much research on the adoption of these tactics together, despite the fact that they have been used separately. Because of growing concerns about global warming, two of the most important sustainable development issues in recent decades have been reducing the use of normal Portland cement and improving the mechanical properties of concrete composites. One natural pozzolanic material that has been used to increase the durability of concrete is zeolite. A series of cubes, cylinders and beam samples with varied amounts of zeolite added, binder/aggregate (B/A) ratios and water/binder (W/B) ratios were prepared for strength testing to investigate the viability of integrating these two techniques. Based on the other mixture proportions, the results indicated that replacing cement with 2.5% zeolite, 15% volcanic tuff, and 10% rubber would increase packing density and flowability while decreasing the cement/strength ratio by 10.4%–15.32%. At lower strengths levels, the optimal B/A ratio for the smallest cement-to-strength ratio is frequently smaller.