bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sporadic colorectal cancer: Studying ways to an end
Authors: Rosa Isadora , Fidalgo Paulo , Filipe Bruno , Albuquerque Cristina , Fonseca Ricardo , Chaves Paula , Pereira António D 
Published: August 2015

IntroductionAlthough colorectal cancer (CRC) has often been regarded as a single entity, different pathways may lead to macroscopically similar cancers. These pathways may evolve into a patchy colonic field defect that we aimed to study in consecutive CRC patients.MethodsIn a single‐center, observational, prospective study, consecutive CRC patients were included if surgery and a perioperative colonoscopy were planned. Personal and familial history data were collected. Tumors were studied for microsatellite instability (MSI) status, DNA repair protein expression (DRPE) and presence of BRAF and/or APC mutations. Macroscopically normal mucosa samples were tested for APC mutations. Presence and location of synchronous and metachronous adenomas and patient follow‐up were analyzed. The association of two categorical variables was tested through the Fisher’s exact test (SPSS 19).ResultsTwenty‐four patients (12 male, mean age 69 years) were studied. High‐grade MSI (MSI‐H) was found in eight tumors—these were significantly more common in the right colon (p  = 0.047) and more likely to have an altered DRPE (p  = 0.007). BRAF mutation was found in two of six tested MSI‐H tumors. APC gene mutations were found in nine of 16 non‐MSI‐H tumors and absent in normal mucosa samples. There was a nonsignificant co‐localization of CRC and synchronous adenomas and a significant co‐localization (p  = 0.05) of synchronous and metachronous adenomas.DiscussionSporadic CRCs evolve through distinct pathways, evidenced only by pathological and molecular analysis, but clinically relevant both for patients and their families. In non‐MSI‐H tumors, the expected APC gene mutations were not detected by the most commonly used techniques in a high number of cases. More studies are needed to fully characterize these tumors and to search for common early events in normal mucosa patches, which might explain the indirect evidence found here for a field defect in the colon.
Age, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes reduce human mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated T-cell suppression
Authors: Kizilay Mancini Ozge , Shum-Tim Dominique , Stochaj Ursula , Correa José A. , Colmegna Inés 
Published: August 2015

AbstractTo this end human MSCs were isolated from adipose tissue and the MSC:CD4+ T-cell suppression was assessed in a co-culture system. In summary, this study demonstrates that advanced age, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus reduce the functional potency of MSCs. Optimizing the criteria for the selection of MSC donors could enhance the results of cell-based therapies.
How to fight long-term unemployment: lessons from Germany
Authors: Spermann Alexander 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe number of long-term unemployed in Germany has stagnated at around one million for several years. Despite excellent labour market conditions, the long-term unemployment rate is well above the OECD average. Therefore, the “carrot and stick” principle of Hartz reforms is in clear need of further development. The author proposes an overall concept for preventing and reducing long-term unemployment and long-term basic income receipt. An important element is an activation strategy for the long-term unemployed and long-term basic income recipients that implies interim target setting and requires more and better trained case managers in the job centres.Jel codes:J31; J38
Acceptance and commitment therapy as a web-based intervention
for depressive symptoms: Randomised controlled trial
Authors: Pots Wendy T. M. , Fledderus Martine , Meulenbeek Peter A. M. , ten Klooster Peter M. , Schreurs Karlein M. G. , Bohlmeijer Ernst T. 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundDepression is a highly prevalent disorder, causing a large burden of
disease and substantial economic costs. Web-based self-help interventions
seem promising in promoting mental health.AimsTo compare the efficacy of a guided web-based intervention based on
acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) with an active control
(expressive writing) and a waiting-list control condition (Netherlands
Trial Register NTR1296).MethodAdults with depressive symptoms from the general population were
randomised to ACT (n = 82), expressive writing
(n = 67) or waiting-list control (n
= 87). The main outcome was reduction in depressive symptoms assessed
with the Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression scale.ResultsSignificant reductions in depressive symptoms were found following the
ACT intervention, compared with the control group (Cohen's
d = 0.56) and the expressive writing intervention
(d = 0.36). The effects were sustained at 6-month and
12-month follow-up.ConclusionsAcceptance and commitment therapy as a web-based public mental health
intervention for adults with depressive symptoms can be effective and
applicable.
A hypermorphic epithelial beta-catenin mutation facilitates intestinal tumorigenesis in mice in response to compounding WNT-pathway mutations
Authors: Buchert Michael , Rohde Franziska , Eissmann Moritz , Tebbutt Niall , Williams Ben , Tan Chin Wee , Owen Alexander , Hirokawa Yumiko , Gnann Alexandra , Orend Gertraud , Orner Gayle , Dashwood Rod H. , Heath Joan K. , Ernst Matthias , Janssen Klaus-Peter 
Published: August 2015

Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway occurs in a vast majority of colorectal cancers. However, the outcome of the disease strongly varies from patient to patient, even within the same tumor stage. This heterogeneity is governed in large parts by the genetic makeup of individual tumors and the combination of oncogenic mutations.To express throughout the intestinal epithelium a degradation resistant β-catenin (Ctnnb1) which lacks the first 131 amino acids, we inserted an epitope-tagged ΔN(1-131)-β-catenin encoding cDNA as a knockin transgene into the endogenous gpA33 gene locus in mice. The resulting gpA33ΔN-Bcat mice show increased constitutive Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation that shifts the cell fate towards the Paneth cell lineage in pre-malignant intestinal epithelium. Furthermore, 19% of all heterozygous and 37% of all homozygous gpA33ΔN-Bcat mice spontaneously develop aberrant crypt foci and adenomatous polyps, at frequencies and latencies akin to that observed in sporadic colon cancer in humans. Consistent with this, the Wnt target genes, MMP7 and Tenascin-C, which are expressed highest in benign human adenomas and early tumor stages, were up-regulated in pre-malignant tissue of gpA33ΔN-Bcat mice, but not those Wnt target genes associated with excessive proliferation (i.e Cdnn1, c-myc). We also detected diminished expression of membrane-associated α-catenin and increased intestinal permeability in gpA33ΔN-Bcat mice under challenged conditions, providing a potential explanation for the observed mild chronic intestinal inflammation and increased susceptibility to azoxymethane and mutant Apc-dependent tumorigenesis. Collectively, our data indicate that epithelial expression of ΔN(1-131)-β-catenin in the intestine creates an inflammatory microenvironment and cooperates with other mutations in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to facilitate and promote tumorigenesis.
Lesestrategien für digitale Medien
Authors: Wanning Berbeli 
Published: August 2015

Zusammenfassung:
Der Beitrag beschreibt die Struktur von Hypertexten und erklärt die zusätzlichen Kompetenzen, die das nicht-lineare bzw. performative Lesen im Vergleich zum herkömmlichen Lesen erfordert. Daraus ergeben sich Einblicke in die spezifischen Lesevorgänge der literarischen Form des Hypertextes (Hyperfiction). Hier kommt es auf den dynamischen Zusammenhang von gelesenem Text, Lesestrategien und lesender Person an. Ein Ausblick sowie eine kritische Einschätzung schließen den Beitrag ab.
Pupylation-dependent and -independent proteasomal degradation in mycobacteria
Authors: Imkamp Frank , Ziemski Michal , Weber-Ban Eilika 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBacteria make use of compartmentalizing protease complexes, similar in architecture but not homologous to the eukaryotic proteasome, for the selective and processive removal of proteins. Mycobacteria as members of the actinobacteria harbor proteasomes in addition to the canonical bacterial degradation complexes. Mycobacterial proteasomal degradation, although not essential during normal growth, becomes critical for survival under particular environmental conditions, like, for example, during persistence of the pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis in host macrophages or of environmental mycobacteria under starvation. Recruitment of protein substrates for proteasomal degradation is usually mediated by pupylation, the post-translational modification of lysine side chains with the prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein Pup. This substrate recruitment strategy is functionally reminiscent of ubiquitination in eukaryotes, but is the result of convergent evolution, relying on chemically and structurally distinct enzymes. Pupylated substrates are recognized by the ATP-dependent proteasomal regulator Mpa that associates with the 20S proteasome core. A pupylation-independent proteasome degradation pathway has recently been discovered that is mediated by the ATP-independent bacterial proteasome activator Bpa (also referred to as PafE), and that appears to play a role under stress conditions. In this review, mechanistic principles of bacterial proteasomal degradation are discussed and compared with functionally related elements of the eukaryotic ubiquitin-proteasome system. Special attention is given to an understanding on the molecular level based on structural and biochemical analysis. Wherever available, discussion of in vivo studies is included to highlight the biological significance of this unusual bacterial degradation pathway.
Effect of Various Concentration of β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Containing trans-Cinnamaldehyde by Molecular Self-Assembly
Authors: Jo Yeon-Ji , Cho Han-Seul , Choi Mi-Jung , Min Sang-Gi , Chun Ji-Yeon 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
β-Cyclodextrin inclusion complexes with trans-Cinnamaldehyde (β-CD–CIN) were manufactured with various self-assembly conditions. The encapsulation efficiency of the β-CD–CIN was >90%. Interestingly, the β-CD–CIN had high retention of CIN (>80%) during assembling time at higher β-CD concentration. CIN was released fastest from lowest β-CD–CIN and molar ratio of CIN. In the microscopic observations, higher-concentration β-CD complexes were larger and more easily aggregated. Many individual particles became aggregated or combined with each other to form a single particle. The concentrations of the wall material and core material as well as the self-assembly or storage time affected characteristics of the inclusion complexes.
Numerical quadrature for computing of singular integrals
Authors: Stašek Petr , Kofron Josef , Najzar Karel 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe paper is concerned with the superconvergence of numerical evaluation of Hadamard finite-part integral. Following the works [6-9], we studied the second-order and the third-order quadrature formulae of Newton-Cotes type and introduced new rules. The rule for the second-order gives the same convergence rate as the rule [6] but in more general cases, the rule for the third-order gives better results than the rule in [9] In this work, first we mention the main results on the superconvergence of the Newton-Cotes rules, we mention trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules and then we introduce a rule based on the cubic approximation. In the second part we describe important error estimates and in the last section we demonstrate theoretical results by numerical examples.
Simulation of tsunami waves generated by submarine landslides in the Black Sea
Authors: Khakimzyanov Gayaz S. , Gusev Oleg I. , Beizel Sofya A. , Chubarov Leonid B. , Shokina Nina Yu. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractNumerical technique for studying surface waves appearing under the motion of a submarine landslide is discussed. This technique is based on the application of the model of a quasi-deformable landslide and two shallow water models, namely, the classic (dispersion free) one and the completely nonlinear dispersive model of the second hydrodynamic approximation. Numerical simulation of surface waves generated by a large model landslide on the continental slope of the Black Sea near the Russian coast is performed. It is shown that the dispersion has a significant impact on the picture of propagation of tsunami waves on sufficiently long paths.
Prediction of Plant Height inArabidopsis thalianaUsing DNA Methylation Data
Authors: Hu Yaodong , Morota Gota , Rosa Guilherme J M , Gianola Daniel 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPrediction of complex traits using molecular genetic information is an active area in quantitative genetics research. In the postgenomic era, many types of -omic (e.g., transcriptomic, epigenomic, methylomic, and proteomic) data are becoming increasingly available. Therefore, evaluating the utility of this massive amount of information in prediction of complex traits is of interest. DNA methylation, the covalent change of a DNA molecule without affecting its underlying sequence, is one quantifiable form of epigenetic modification. We used methylation information for predicting plant height (PH) in Arabidopsis thaliana nonparametrically, using reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS) regression. Also, we used different criteria for selecting smaller sets of probes, to assess how representative probes could be used in prediction instead of using all probes, which may lessen computational burden and lower experimental costs. Methylation information was used for describing epigenetic similarities between individuals through a kernel matrix, and the performance of predicting PH using this similarity matrix was reasonably good. The predictive correlation reached 0.53 and the same value was attained when only preselected probes were used for prediction. We created a kernel that mimics the genomic relationship matrix in genomic best linear unbiased prediction (G-BLUP) and estimated that, in this particular data set, epigenetic variation accounted for 65% of the phenotypic variance. Our results suggest that methylation information can be useful in whole-genome prediction of complex traits and that it may help to enhance understanding of complex traits when epigenetics is under examination.
A Better Tomorrow. Making Sense of Time in the Conservative Party and the CDU/CSU in the 1960s and 1970s
Authors: Steber Martina 
Published: August 2015

A Better Tomorrow. Making Sense of Time in the Conservative Party and the CDU/CSU in the 1960s and 1970s Parties need to present their voters with a vision of how society, international relations, the economic system, or politics itself should ideally look like in times to come. These ideas about the future are framed by ideas about the present and the past. As important agents of the political public parties are making sense of time. The article analyses the changing time horizons of the British Conservative Party and the West German CDU/CSU in the 1960s and 1970s and scrutinises how far they influenced the parties’ political thought; it focuses on the ways Conservatives of the two countries made sense of time in an era where the integral conservative attachment to the past was fundamentally challenged. In the UK and in West Germany three distinct phases can be discerned: first, a focus on the present in the late 1950s and early 1960s respectively; second its challenge in the 1960s by technological and social changes with visions of planned future «modernity» coming to the fore; and third, a loss of confidence in the opportunities of shaping the future from the early 1970s onwards and the re-formulation of Conservative time horizons. Ultimately the change of future horizons in the 1970s challenged the Conservative Party much more profoundly than the CDU/CSU.
The role of vagal insulin signaling and enteric hormones in acute stomach and duodenal erosions and ulcers associated with severe concomitant traumatic head injuries
Authors: Alyev F I 
Published: August 2015

Aim. Clinical and experimental study of vagal insulin signaling and enteric hormones in occurrence of acute stomach and duodenal erosions and ulcers complicated by bleeding and associated with severe concomitant traumatic head injuries.
Methods. Data of 347 patients with severe concomitant traumatic head injuries for 2011-2012 were used for clinical part of the study. Serum levels of insulin, gastrin, C-peptide, histamine, growth hormone, -amylase were determined. In the experimental part, the model of acute stomach and duodenal erosions and ulcers associated with traumatic head injury were modeled. The first group consisted of 5 intact rats, the second group included 45 rats with modeled isolated traumatic head injury, the third group included 45 rats with modeled traumatic head injury associated with traumatic lung and chest injury, the fourth group included 45 rats with modeled traumatic head injury associated with abdominal organs traumatic injury, the fifth group included 45 rats with modeled traumatic head injury associated with limb and pelvic fractures.
Results. Acute stomach and duodenal erosions and ulcers were found in 21 (6.1%) of 347 patients at endoscopy, mainly in those with the highest parameters of vagal insulin signaling and enteric hormones. At the experiment, all types of combined traumatic head injury increased the incidence of erosions as compared to the second group, with the highest incidence in the group of associated abdominal injury. Vagal stimulation and stimulation of enteric hormones secretion in animals of groups 2-5 was associated with higher incidence of erosions. In contrast, decreased vagal stimulation and enteric hormones secretion leaded to statistically significant reduction of erosions incidence in animals of groups 2-5 as compared both to the natural history of the process (first subgroup), and to animals which were administered 5% dextrose (glucose) and 0.1% histamine solutions (second subgroup).
Conclusion. The incidence of erosions and ulcers, as well as the indicators of vagal stimulation and enteric hormones secretion depend on the nature of the accompanying injury that may be taken into account in the prevention and treatment of such complications.
Complex evaluation of drug abuse prevention effectiveness in young people of Kursk region
Authors: Timoshilov V I , Sidorov G A 
Published: August 2015

Aim. To perform the complex evaluation of drug abuse prevention effectiveness in young people of Kursk region.
Methods. 110 primary care physicians and healthcare managers and 459 young people aged 10-19 years (mean age 15.5±1.04 years) polled. The statistical analysis included calculation of extensive indicators, (numbers of responders who gave the certain answers), mean values with confidence intervals and variation (coefficient of variation, Cv).
Results. Doctors evaluated the effectiveness of the preventive measures categories allocated based on a content analysis of legal documents and teaching materials. The, now doctors and health professionals consider informing young people about the dangers of drugs as the most effective measure in the current circumstances, early detection and treatment of drug abusers - the least effective. Average integrated assessment of prevention quality by young people was 4.31±0.7 points, variation was sufficiently high (Cv=25%). 82.8% of adolescents consider themselves satisfied with the information they were provided, 85.7% were satisfied with the way of presenting the data. Performed informational and educational work has strengthened understanding of the dangers of drugs in 71.9% of adolescents.
Conclusion. The quality of all ongoing preventive work was rated by youth as above average, while significant variation was seen. Results of the survey are the basis of developing system for drug abuse prevention management among youth, introduced in Kursk region.
Variability of heart rhythm and features of psychological status in young hockey players
Authors: Yakovleva L V , Shangareeva G N 
Published: August 2015

Aim. To study the heart rate variability and characteristics of psychological status in young hockey players in professional sports.
Methods. 65 young hockey players of «Salavat Yulaev» children’s youth sports school of Olympic reserve were examined. The mean age was 14.7±0.5 years, sports experience - 8.75±1.5 years. Determination of the vegetative regulation type and spectral analysis of heart rate variability was performed on a hardware-software «Polispektr-8» complex manufactured by «Neurosoft». Vegetative regulation state was determined by the vagosympathetic balance ratio (LF/HF). The following parameters of heart rate variability were measured: TP (total power of spectrum), HF (high-frequency waves power), LF (low-frequency waves power), VLF (very low frequency waves power), heart rate was calculated. A questionnaire survey was performed using five-factor personality questionnaire known as the «Big Five».
Results. Parasympathetic type of vegetative tone regulation was identified in 30 (46.1%) of young hockey players, balanced initial vegetative tone - in 28 (43.1%) patients, sympathetic type - in 7 (10.8%) patients. Changing of the vegetative regulation type in athletes with sympathetic regulation demonstrates a shift in autonomic balance towards the predominance of sympathetic influence, which is non-physiological for athletes. Such a state of maladjustment can lead to overwork, overstrain, significant reduction in work efficiency and later - to the development of diseases and injuries. According to psychological testing signs of mental and emotional stress and adaptive processes strain were revealed.
Conclusion. The results of the study allow to reasonably implement a differentiated approach to psychological support of the training process taking in account the functioning of the autonomic nervous system.
To the 85th anniversary of the pediatric education in Russia
Authors: Al’bitskiy V Yu , Polunina N V , Sozinov A S , Abrosimova M Yu 
Published: August 2015

Aim. To illustrate the role of pediatric education in establishing the public health care system for children.
Methods. Historical-genetic and historical-comparative methods were used.
Results. Pediatrics in the second half of the nineteenth century was formed as an independent science and the subject of teaching, Departments of childhood diseases were opened in Russian universities. Among the factors that contributed to the formation of the state system of pediatric care, was a critical situation in the children healthcare of the Russian Empire and the high level of children mortality. In the early twentieth century, medical and social measures to solve this problem were introduced in the country. Immediately after the October Revolution, the construction of the Soviet system of motherhood and childhood protection started. Basics of creating pediatric education in Russia are connected with the establishment of the Faculty of maternal, infant and child health at the Second Moscow Medical Institute in 1930 and the Leningrad Pediatric Medical Institute in 1935, which were World’s pioneers in pediatric training. Pediatric faculty of the Kazan State Medical University opened in 1933. In 80-s of the twentieth century, pediatricians were prepared by 57 pediatric faculties all over the Soviet Union.
Conclusion. Due to the large and fruitful work of graduates of pediatric faculties, there was a significant improvement in children health, manifested primarily as the significant decrease in infant mortality.