bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inverse correspondence between hippocampal perfusion and verbal memory performance in older adults
Authors: Rane Swati , Ally Brandon A. , Hussey Erin , Wilson Tracy , Thornton‐Wells Tricia , Gore John C. , Donahue Manus J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractUnderstanding physiological changes that precede irreversible tissue damage in age‐related pathology is central to optimizing treatments that may prevent, or delay, cognitive decline. Cerebral perfusion is a tightly regulated physiological property, coupled to tissue metabolism and function, and abnormal (both elevated and reduced) hippocampal perfusion has been reported in a range of cognitive disorders. However, the size and location of the hippocampus complicates perfusion quantification, as many perfusion techniques acquire data with spatial resolution on the order of or beyond the size of the hippocampus, and are thus suboptimal in this region (especially in the presence of hippocampal atrophy and reduced flow scenarios). Here, the relationship between hippocampal perfusion and atrophy as a function of memory performance was examined in cognitively normal healthy older adults (n = 20; age=67 ± 7 yr) with varying genetic risk for dementia using a custom arterial spin labeling acquisition and analysis procedure. When controlling for hippocampal volume, it was found that hippocampal perfusion correlated inversely (P = 0.04) with memory performance despite absent hippocampal tissue atrophy or white matter disease. The hippocampal flow asymmetry (left hippocampus perfusion–right hippocampus perfusion) was significantly (P = 0.04) increased in APOE‐ϵ4 carriers relative to noncarriers. These findings demonstrate that perfusion correlates more strongly than tissue volume with memory performance in cognitively normal older adults, and furthermore that an inverse trend between these two parameters suggests that elevation of neuronal activity, possibly mediated by neuroinflammation and/or excitation/inhibition imbalance, may be closely associated with minor changes in memory performance. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Managing FX risk during the Euro crisis
Authors: Makar Stephen , Wang Li , Alam Pervaiz 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSince the start of the Great Recession in 2007, treasurers have been challenged to manage cash flow uncertainty—including the impact of exchange rate (FX) changes. Today, FX risk management has become particularly important for companies doing business in the Eurozone. But current hedge ac‐counting practices cannot accurately predict future cash flows in FX risk management. In this article, the authors help treasurers and CFOs analyze those accounting deficiencies in the Eurozone context. They also discuss the strategic implications of the hedge accounting problem. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preliminary Evaluation of an Observational Measure of Group Cohesion for Group Psychotherapy
Authors: Lerner Matthew D. , McLeod Bryce D. , Mikami Amori Y. 
Published: October 2012

ObjectiveGroup psychotherapy research would benefit from an observational measure of group cohesion to complement existing self‐report measures. This study introduces the Therapy Process Observational Coding System‐Group Cohesion scale (TPOCS‐GC), which observationally assesses cohesion between each member and the group.MethodIn total 27 parents participated in a group parent‐training social competency intervention for children with attention deficit‐hyperactivity disorder. Independent coders double‐coded group cohesion and the alliance in 144 client‐sessions. Parents, teachers, and children completed cognitive, behavioral, and therapy participation measures.ResultsThe TPOCS‐GC demonstrated modest to strong item‐level interrater reliability and acceptable internal consistency. Group cohesion evidenced moderate stability over the course of treatment. Relations between TPOCS‐GC and theoretically linked and unrelated variables provided some evidence for construct and predictive validity.ConclusionsThis preliminary study suggests that the TPOCS‐GC is a reliable instrument that may help fill an instrumentation gap in the field.
The dynamics of strike votes: Perceived justice during collective bargaining
Authors: Cloutier Julie , Denis Pascale L. , Bilodeau Henriette 
Published: October 2012

SummaryWhy do workers decide to go on strike or change their mind during a strike? This field study aims to determine to what extent employees' perceptions of justice formed during the collective bargaining process influence their strike vote. Data were collected from a North American university faculty that went on strike 21 months after the expiration of its collective agreement. The results show that perceived justice about collective bargaining is a determinant of the strike vote. The role played by the employer and the union as a source of (in)justice and the importance of the four types of justice perceptions (procedural, distributive, interpersonal, and informational) vary depending on the context of ballots (initiate, continue, or end the strike). This suggests that the reduction of uncertainty leads to the activation of three different mechanisms: judgmental heuristics (salience), social comparison, and cognitive dissonance. The results also suggest that employees attempt to be as rational as possible when they decide to go on strike. Nevertheless, the decision to join strikers and to continue the strike is partly based on an emotional process: employees use the strike to punish the employer. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient Micromachining of Thin Films with Nanosecond Lasers
Authors: Bischoff Christian , Hellmann Ralf , Rung Stefan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractEspecially for micromachining, single‐mode solid state lasers are well established nowadays. Due to their ultra short pulse duration and low pulse energies picosecond and especially femtosecond lasers show a quite high precision in micromachining processes and avoid thermal effects. However, these advantages in process quality require higher investment costs for the lasers. As a consequence, in cost sensitive markets such ultra short pulse systems are only rarely used. Hence, the series production of, e.g., solar panels is still mainly based on nanosecond lasers, as these systems are available at significantly lower costs. Besides pulse duration also the wavelength and the beam profile have a strong influence on the quality of the laser ablation process. For many applications the raw Gaussian beam profile does not lead to the best result. Therefore, an adaption of the beam profile to the process is highly desired. It has been shown that especially beam profiles with a homogeneous intensity distribution, so called Top‐Hat profiles can improve the quality of an ablation process and lead to a reduction of the processing costs. This applies in particular to thin film processing. This article shows how a cost efficient micromachining process of thin film layers can be realized by using nanosecond lasers in combination with various beam shaping optics.
Laser Beam Steering not only in Ophthalmology
Authors: Arnold Steffen , Reiff Ellen‐Christine 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLasers are versatile tools. Nowadays, they are just as indispensable in materials processing as in eye surgery or super high resolution microscopy. The different areas of application have similarities, however, since a precise positioning of the laser beam is always crucial. At the same time, this laser beam steering and focusing also requires the drive systems used to be dynamic, reliable and compactly dimensioned, in order to allow simple integration in applications. It is therefore hardly surprising that piezoelectric drive components often have no serious alternative for laser beam steering.
Ultra‐fast Lasers Leave their Mark
Authors: Müller Dirk , Blumenrath Andreas , Haloui Hatim , Klimt Bernhard 
Published: October 2012

Abstract“The pulse is already gone before the surrounding material ever had a chance to notice anything happened.” This analogy is often made in reference to the material interaction between an ultrafast laser pulse and the material it is impinging on. Indeed, the pulse is so short that when compared to the characteristic time constant of energy propagation in solids it is “gone before the neighbors ever got the message”. The message in this very simplistic picture of the radiation matter interaction is generally heat. While there are plenty of laser applications that benefit greatly from the fact that lasers like no other method can deposit energy easily, quickly and very locally into materials, some applications cannot tolerate precisely this: heat.
Lasers for Nanometrology
Authors: Krischke Anja , Schulz Michael , Knothe Christian , Oechsner Ulrich 
Published: October 2012

AbstractOver the last few decades the interest in phenomena on nanoscale or even atomic scale has increased significantly.A prominent, but at the same time very demanding technique is atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM can reveal surface topographies at atomic resolution or be used to measure small forces in the range of only a few piconewtons. This exacting technique requires highly stable laser sources with specific features, including low power noise and the possibility to oppress unwanted interference.The 51nano series of lasers was specially developed to provide these indispensable features of low noise, reduced coherence and low speckle contrast in order to achieve the demanding stability standards required in nanotechnology and atomic force measurements. Particle measurements and alignment tasks are other possible applications for these stabilized, fiber‐coupled laser diode beam sources.
Theoretical Study of Twin Polymerization – From Chemical Reactivity to Structure Formation
Authors: Auer Alexander A. , Richter Antje , Berezkin Anatoly V. , Guseva Daria V. , Spange Stefan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractTwin polymerization is a novel technique for synthesizing hybrid polymers with domain sizes in the nanometer range. While a broad variety of monomers have been investigated, the mechanistic details and the most important influences on the nanostructure formation are unknown. A scale bridging approach is presented to simulate the twin polymerization of 2,2'‐spirobi[4H‐1,3,2‐benzodioxasiline]. This approach is based on detailed quantum chemical calculations that yield insight into reactivity and structure at the molecular level while the kinetics of the network formation process and the influences that govern structure formation are investigated at the mesoscopic level by a coarse‐grained simulation. magnified image
Micro‐RNA profiling as biomarkers in flap ischemia–reperfusion injury
Authors: Chang Kao‐ping , Lai Chung‐sheng 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackground: Ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is usually the key and often plays an irreversible role to induce flap compromise in microvascular tissue transfers. This article aims to profile the expression of micro‐RNAs (miRs) in free flap surgeries following IRI. Methods: The miRs expression profiling was initially surveyed in rat epigastric flap vessels using Agilent 350‐Microarrayed miRs after IRI, and then quantified by real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in flap vessels and tissues (n = 5) at three intervals: before induction of ischemia (normoxia without IRI, sham), 2 and 72 hours after reperfusion following 2 hours of ischemia. Furthermore, for seven patients with free anterolateral thigh flap reconstruction, the miRs expression patterns in these flaps before induction of ischemia (normoxia), at 2 and 72 hours after reperfusion following an ischemic interval were investigated. Results: Four miRs (miR‐96, miR‐193‐3p, miR‐210, and miR‐21) of 350 tested rat miRs were found to be positively significant. In rat flap vessels, the upregulation of these miRs at 72‐hour reperfusion was statistically significant. These patterns were not noted in rat flap tissues, except for miR‐96. However, there seemed to be no significant difference in human flap vessels between normoxia and 2‐hour reperfusion following ischemia. In human flap tissue, significant upregulation of miR‐193‐3p, miR‐210, and miR‐21 was detected at 72‐hour perfusion. Conclusions: Our findings show some changes of four upregulated miRs in our model of IRI. We suggest that further investigation is needed to determine the role of miRs in IRI of microsurgical reconstruction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
Spermatozoa motility and variation in the seminal plasma proteome of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) during the reproductive season
Authors: Shaliutina A. , Hulak M. , Dzuyba B. , Linhart O. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThis study evaluated physiological and functional sperm parameters and the seminal plasma proteome of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) over the course of their reproductive season. Spermatozoa velocity (169.56 ± 6.53 to 158.5 ± 7.4 µm sec−1), percent motility (95.89 ± 4.28% to 89.55 ± 4.5%), and osmolality of seminal plasma (290 ± 5 to 297 ± 12 mOsmol kg−1) remained stable throughout the reproductive season. Milt volume and protein concentration of seminal plasma gradually increased and reached the highest values late in the reproductive period. Spermatozoa concentration peaked in the mid‐reproductive season (66.90 ± 13 × 109 spermatozoa ml−1) and decreased towards the end (54 ± 10 × 109 spermatozoa ml−1). A proteomic analysis of seminal plasma using two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed 10 protein spots significantly altered over the course of the reproductive season. Subsequent protein characterization suggested that time in the reproductive season predominantly affected proteins involved in membrane trafficking, organization, cell motility, and oxido‐reductase activity. This study provides new data on physiological properties of sperm and protein patterns of seminal plasma over the course of the reproductive season that should be considered in the development of methods for artificial reproduction of perch. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 79: 879–887, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prevalence of pubovisceral muscle avulsion in a general gynecology cohort: A computed tomography (CT) study
Authors: Derpapas Alexandros , Digesu Alessandro G. , Hamady Mohamad , Gallo Pasquale , Dell'Utri Chiara , Vijaya Gopalan , Khullar Vik 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAimsTo calculate the prevalence of pubovisceral muscle (PM) avulsion in a cohort of women presenting at a university hospital for non‐urogynecological conditions.MethodsWomen with or without symptoms of PFD were studied in a tertiary referral urogynecology center between February and October 2010. Women were recruited from the Department of Radiology, where they were referred for a CT pelvis scan due to various pathologies. Assessment of participants included a detailed clinical interview, completion of King's Health and Prolapse‐Quality of Life (P‐QOL) questionnaires and spiral CT scan of the pelvis. Bilateral attachments of the PM to the pubic rami were identified in the plane of minimal hiatal dimensions, when present, and measurement of the levator symphysis gap (LSG) was taken in cases with PM complete detachment. Bivariate analysis between the PM maximum thickness and different obstetric variables was performed by using Spearman's correlation test (P < 0.05).ResultsOne hundred ten women were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of PM avulsion was 6.4% (7/110). In cases with confirmed avulsion, the levator sympysis gap (LSG) ranged from 17.30 to 25.40 mm. The left PM was found to be significantly thinner in parous women and in those with a history of prolonged second stage of labor.ConclusionsThe prevalence of pubovisceral muscle avulsion using CT scanning in a general gynecology cohort is 6.4%. Thinning of the pubovisceral muscle occurs with parity and protracted labor and is more prominent on the left portion of the muscle. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32: 359–362, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stimulation of Ideas through Compound‐Based Bibliometrics: Counting and Mapping Chemical Compounds for Analyzing Research Topics in Chemistry, Physics, and Materials Science
Authors: Barth Andreas , Marx Werner 
Published: October 2012

AbstractCounting compounds (rather than papers or citations) offers a new perspective for quantitative analyses of research activities. First of all, we can precisely define (compound‐related) research topics and access the corresponding publications (scientific papers as well as patents) as a measure of research activity. We can also establish the time evolution of the publications dealing with specific compounds or compound classes. Moreover, the mapping of compounds by establishing compound‐based landscapes has some potential to visualize the compound basis of research topics for further research activities. We have analyzed the rare earth compounds to give an example of a broad compound class. We present the number of the currently existing compounds and of the corresponding publications as well as the time evolution of the papers and patents. Furthermore, we have analyzed the rare earth cuprates (copper oxides) as an example of a narrower compound class to demonstrate the potential of mapping compounds by compound‐based landscapes. We have quantified the various element combinations of the existing compounds and revealed all element combinations not yet realized in the synthesis within this compound class. Finally, we have analyzed the quasicrystal compound category as an example of a compound class that is not defined by a specific element combination or a molecular structure.
IS ALL CORRUPTION DYSFUNCTIONAL? PERCEPTIONS OF CORRUPTION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Authors: Walton GRANT W. 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYMany anti‐corruption organisations work from the notion that both petty and grand corruption axiomatically results in negative consequences. However, few studies have asked citizens to evaluate the effects of different scales and types of corruption. This article investigates how rural people in Papua New Guinea associate dysfunctional or functional consequences to different types and scales of corruption. It draws on findings from focus groups conducted in four provinces of the country. The article finds that most examples of corruption considered by respondents were perceived as dysfunctional; however, marginalised respondents considered small‐scale corruption as functional—if the acts described benefitted marginalised people. These findings suggest that it is critical that anti‐corruption organisations understand and respond to the constraints faced by poor and marginalised people when operating in weak states. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The rare inherited coagulation disorders
Authors: Bolton‐Maggs Paula H.B. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe rare inherited coagulation disorders (RICD) are uncommon and thus not well‐defined in terms of severity or management. Inheritance is autosomal; in some of these disorders in the heterozygote state affected individuals may be mildly symptomatic. Severe deficiencies are more common in association with consanguinity. Factor X and factor XIII deficiency have the most severe manifestations, while factor XI deficiency is the least severe. Factor VII and factor XI deficiencies show a poor relationship between the factor level and bleeding risk. Unlike hemophilia, women are equally affected by these RICD and can have problems related to menstruation and childbirth. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 60: S37–S40. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Von Willebrand disease
Authors: Berntorp Erik 
Published: October 2012

AbstractLong‐term prophylaxis is not as well known in Von Willebrand disease (VWD) as in hemophilia but attempts to evaluate prophylaxis scientifically in VWD have started. A few cohort studies have been reported. In an international effort the Von Willebrand disease prophylaxis network (VWD PN) has been formed to investigate the role of prophylaxis in clinically severe VWD (e.g., patients with type 3 VWD) that is nonresponsive to other treatments. Findings from the VWD PN studies will hopefully provide more robust evidence for which patients might best benefit from prophylaxis and for appropriate dosing regimens for prophylaxis in patients with VWD. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 60: S34–S36. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hemophilia and prophylaxis
Authors: Ljung Rolf 
Published: October 2012

AbstractClinical experience over decades and numerous retrospective and, recently, also prospective studies clearly demonstrate that prophylactic treatment, albeit much more expensive, is superior to on‐demand treatment regardless of whether the outcome is number of joint‐ or life‐threatening bleeds or arthropathy optimal prophylactic treatment should be started early (primary prophylaxis) but various opinions exist on the model. The optimal model should be to individualize prophylaxis taking into account the bleeding phenotype and the individual susceptibility to arthropathy and further develop monitoring by global coagulation assays and pharmacokinetic parameters. This review covers proof of concept of primary prophylaxis in children, comparisons between prophylaxis and on demand treatment, and future trends of prophylactic treatment of hemophilia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 60: S23–S26. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Auto‐immune lymphoproliferative disorder and other secondary immune thrombocytopenias in childhood
Authors: Price Victoria 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPrimary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in childhood, typically presents as an acute self‐limiting illness. However, secondary ITP is often a chronic disorder due to an underlying disease. Combined cytopenias in childhood, that is, secondary ITP occurring with auto‐immune hemolytic anemia and/or auto‐immune neutropenia, are often associated with disorders characterized by immune dysregulation. Such disorders include systemic lupus erythematosus, auto‐immune lymphoproliferative syndrome, and common variable immune deficiency. Evans syndrome describes the combination of ITP, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and/or autoimmune neutropenia. However, it is now clear that some patients with Evans syndrome have an underlying immunodeficiency. This report focuses on combined auto‐immune cytopenias and highlights the challenges in their diagnosis and management. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 60: S12–S14. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Health promotion for adolescent childhood leukemia survivors: Building on prevention science and ehealth
Authors: Elliot Diane L. , Lindemulder Susan J. , Goldberg Linn , Stadler Diane D. , Smith Jennifer 
Published: October 2012

AbstractTeenage survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have increased morbidity likely due to their prior multicomponent treatment. Habits established in adolescence can impact individuals' subsequent adult behaviors. Accordingly, healthy lifestyles, avoiding harmful actions, and appropriate disease surveillance are of heightened importance among teenage survivors. We review the findings from prevention science and their relevance to heath promotion. The capabilities and current uses of eHealth components including e‐learning, serious video games, exergaming, behavior tracking, individual messaging, and social networking are briefly presented. The health promotion needs of adolescent survivors are aligned with those eHealth aspects to propose a new paradigm to enhance the wellbeing of adolescent ALL survivors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60: 905–910. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.