bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between objective parameters of sleep and measures of fatigue, depression, and cognition in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Sater RA , Gudesblatt M , Kresa-Reahl K , Brandes DW , Sater PA 
Published: April 2015

Background People with multiple sclerosis (MS) often report poor sleep, fatigue, sleepiness, depression and cognitive dysfunction. Interrelationships between symptoms and sleep are poorly understood. Objectives To document objective parameters of sleep measured by polysomnography (PSG) and multi-sleep latency tests (MSLTs) in patients experiencing fatigue or sleepiness and to determine whether they correlate with symptoms. Methods Thirty-two MS patients, not on therapy, with fatigue or sleepiness completed the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Beck Depression Index and NeuroTrax cognitive tests and underwent PSG and MSLTs. Results Sleep efficiency (SE) averaged 75.1%. wake after sleep onset (WASO), sleep onset latency and multi-sleep latency were 66.2, 43.4 and 10.43 min, respectively. Stage N3 and rapid eye movement sleep were absent in 10 and four patients, respectively. Increased limb movements were observed in eight patients. Obstructive sleep apnea was observed in 12 patients. Neither SE nor WASO correlated with fatigue or sleepiness. SE correlated with the global cognitive score and with executive function and information processing subscales. Conclusions Overall, 30/32 MS patients reporting fatigue or sleepiness had evidence of one or more sleep disturbances. PSG should be considered in MS patients reporting fatigue or sleepiness in order to rule out treatable disturbances.
The Effect of Advancing Age on Total Joint Replacement Outcomes
Authors: Fang Michele , Noiseux Nicolas , Linson Eric , Cram Peter 
Published: April 2015

Objective: To describe age-related differences in outcomes among older adults undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Design: Retrospective study. Participants: A total of 1792 patients who underwent primary THA or TKA at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics between 2010 and 2013 were identified in the University HealthSystem Consortium Database and University of Iowa Orthopedics Joint Replacement Registry. Main Outcome Measures: Hospital length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission rate, in-hospital mortality, number of days admitted to intensive care unit (ICU discharge disposition), in-hospital complications (pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, wound infection, hemorrhage, sepsis, or myocardial infarction), quality of life (measured using Short-Form 36 [SF-36]), discharge disposition (home, home with home health, nursing home, inpatient rehabilitation, transfer to another acute care hospital, and dead), and total patient level observed hospital cost (based on hospital charge information from each revenue code and estimated labor costs). Outcomes were compared in patients stratified by age and categorized by decade (ie, ≤50, 51-60, 61-70, 71-80, and ≥81). Results: A total of 871 THAs and 921 TKAs were performed. The mean age of our cohort was 60.5 years and 56.1% were women. In-hospital complication rates and ICU utilization progressively increased with increasing age. There was also a higher likelihood of skilled nursing facility placement and longer LOS. There was no increase in 30-day readmissions, mortality, or total cost. Improvements in patient reported outcomes (SF-36) scores were similar for all age-groups. Conclusions: Compared to younger patients, older THA and TKA recipients were more likely to experience postoperative complications, admission to the ICU, discharge to a skilled care facility, and had longer hospital LOS. Improvements in patient-related outcomes were similar across all age-groups. These findings may be helpful when counseling older patients regarding elective total joint arthroplasty.
RUNX1 represses the erythroid gene expression program during megakaryocytic differentiation
Authors: Kuvardina Olga N. , Herglotz Julia , Kolodziej Stephan , Kohrs Nicole , Herkt Stefanie , Wojcik Bartosch , Oellerich Thomas , Corso Jasmin , Behrens Kira , Kumar Ashok , Hussong Helge , Urlaub Henning , Koch Joachim , Serve Hubert , Bonig Halvard , Stocking Carol , Rieger Michael A. , Lausen Jörn 
Published: April 2015

Key Points
RUNX1 inhibits erythroid differentiation by downregulation of the erythroid gene expression program. RUNX1 can act as an activator and repressor during megakaryocytic differentiation and counteracts the activity of TAL1.
Linguopragmatic Actualisators of Interpersonal Interraction in the German Critical Review
Authors: Кремер  , Kremer Inessa 
Published: April 2015

The article dwells upon the aspect of interpersonal interaction in the
German critical review and its linguopragmatic actualization. Theoretical
foundations are given for peculiar informational and evaluative spectres
of the review, and its derivative character as well. Linguistic means of
expression the relationship «the critic-the author of the review» are emphasised
in the course of the analysis. Special attention is given to the
role of citational inclusions.
To Modern Mass Media Technologies Practical Aspects Analysis (The Case of Sports Mass Media)
Authors: Ровинская  , Rovinskaya Yu. 
Published: April 2015

The analysis of modern foreign sports mass media functioning in communication
plane on the basis of main principles, methods, approaches establishing
in work is provided in the research article. The author’s monitoring,
interviewing, experimental activities were performed during the Olympic
Games in Sochi in 2014. The general methodology of broadcasting, coverage,
perception of sports events is revealed. Sports priorities professional
ranking is specified. The notions of information and communication attractiveness,
communication and audience factor are thematically realized.
The specificity of information channels as sports theme message sources
through verbal and nonverbal speech implementation vectors is indicated.
Communication and metacommunication aspects of sports journalist’s professional
level are taxonomized. The role of sports mass media is clarified
on the basis of modern mass media technologies use.
Restructuring as an regulation instrument for the sanatorium complex in the Russian Federation
Authors: Подсевалова Елена , Podsevalova Elena , Зикирова Шахло , Zikirova Shakhlo , Свирюкова Ольга , Sviryukova Olga 
Published: April 2015

The article highlights the necessity for restructuring sanatorium complex, indicates a need for the development and implementation of the state program of restructuring the network of companies of the sanatorium complex as an instrument of state influence, and reveals the specificity of services provided by enterprises belonging to the sanatorium-resort complex. The authors examine the elements of the sanatorium complex. Its main components are the enterprises, the activities of which are directly determined by the specifics of sanatorium services and have less to do with the treatment, but with the preservation of health. Sanatorium services are not essential services, so the demand for them is determined by social and psycho-physiological factors.
No less a significant element of the sanatorium complex controls are different levels. Resort business in Russia has historically been considered an object of state social policy, which is why the activities of management in view of the prevailing conditions in fact aimed at ensuring its development.
In this regard, management of the sanatorium complex on the part of public authorities is using such methods and forms, as program-oriented planning; achieving stability of the tax system; establishment of a regime of tax allowances for companies in this sector; government contracts; coordination of the activities of companies in the health resort; management of state property; prioritization of structural policy; antitrust regulation; provision of information services based on the introduction of new information technologies; licensing; certification; state supervision.
The article analyzes the differences in concepts such as &#34;restructuring&#34; and &#34;reform&#34;; and also addresses issues of reforming the enterprises of a service that involves a restructuring, and the factors that determine the need for restructuring the sanatorium complex, as well as for identifying deficiencies in operational planning and management in terms of restructuring. The authors note the need for the development and implementation of the conceptual foundations of respect for the health at the state level.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for oscillations of first order neutral delay difference equations with constant coefficients
Authors: Murugesan A. , Sowmiya P. 
Published: April 2015

In this paper, we establish the necessary and sufficient conditions for oscillation of the following first order neutral delay difference equationÂ \begin{equation*} \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad\quad \quad \quad \quad\Delta[x(n)+px(n-\tau)]+qx(n-\sigma)=0, \quad \quad n\geq n_0, \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad {(*)} \end{equation*}where \(\tau\) and \(\sigma\) are positive integers, \(p\neq 0\) is a real number and \(q\) is a positive real number. We proved that every solution of (*) oscillates if and only if its characteristic equation\begin{equation*}\quad \quad \quad \quad\quad \quad \quad \quad\quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad (\lambda-1)(1+p\lambda^{-\tau})+q\lambda^{-\sigma}=0\quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad {(**)} \end{equation*}has no positive roots.
Physical Properties of Polymer Support Fluids in Use and Their Measurement Techniques
Authors: Lam Carlos , Jefferis Stephan A. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
This paper was concerned with the physical properties of polymeric excavation-support fluids during use and reuse in the field and the techniques for their measurement. Synthetic polymer fluids were used as replacements for conventional bentonite clay slurries for the construction of bored piles (drilled shafts) and diaphragm walls since the early 1990s. They are used, in part, because of their rheological properties, especially their shear-thinning behavior, but to date research has focused on clean fluids and little also has been reported on the effects of reuse under field conditions and on the suitability of viscosity measurement devices. To fill this knowledge gap, the properties of polymer fluids were measured on a construction site in London, UK, over the entire construction period of 52 days. It was found that the density of the fluid and hence other properties were highly dependent on the decisions made by the contractor and that a well-designed tank system could offer considerable benefits in terms of fluid maintenance. Regarding the monitoring of fluid viscosity, the Marsh funnel was, unsurprisingly, found to be unsuitable for detailed analyses; although it did provide some useful information about the overall fluid condition. However, with a direct-indicating viscometer, it was possible to characterize the shear-thinning properties of the fluids over a range of shear rates and stages of fluid use. From the test results, it was concluded that the effect of reuse was to increase in the overall fluid viscosity but at the same time to enhance the shear-thinning behavior.
Thermoset Polymer Reinforced With Silica Micro and Nanoparticles
Authors: Cesar dos Santos Júlio , Hallak Panzera Túlio , Luiz Christoforo André , de Oliveira Vieira Kayo , Antonio Schiavon Marco , Antonio Rocco Lahr Francisco 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) have been used to replace conventional materials in a wide range of applications in transportation and civil engineering. The dispersion of nanoparticles and microparticles into epoxy matrix phase has been widely investigated to enhance the mechanical properties of hybrid FRCs. The nanoparticles generate large attractive forces among themselves, providing a significant tendency to agglomerate. A chemical treatment based on diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) was evaluated to disperse the silica nanoparticles within the epoxy polymer. A microstructural analysis was conducted to better assess the results. Experimental analysis was carried out based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tuckey test in order to verify the effect of PDDA treatment, silica particle size (micro and nano), and silica particle inclusion (1, 2, and 3.5 wt.%) on the mechanical properties of epoxy polymer commonly used as matrix phase in FRCs. The PDDA treatment was able to disperse the silica nanoparticles. The incorporation of 1 wt. % of silica micro or 1 and 2 wt. % of nanoparticles slightly improved the tensile strength and modulus of the epoxy polymer.
A Composite-Likelihood Method for Detecting Incomplete Selective Sweep from Population Genomic Data
Authors: Vy Ha My T , Kim Yuseob 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Adaptive evolution occurs as beneficial mutations arise and then increase in frequency by positive natural selection. How, when, and where in the genome such evolutionary events occur is a fundamental question in evolutionary biology. It is possible to detect ongoing positive selection or an incomplete selective sweep in species with sexual reproduction because, when a beneficial mutation is on the way to fixation, homologous chromosomes in the population are divided into two groups: one carrying the beneficial allele with very low polymorphism at nearby linked loci and the other carrying the ancestral allele with a normal pattern of sequence variation. Previous studies developed long-range haplotype tests to capture this difference between two groups as the signal of an incomplete selective sweep. In this study, we propose a composite-likelihood-ratio (CLR) test for detecting incomplete selective sweeps based on the joint sampling probabilities for allele frequencies of two groups as a function of strength of selection and recombination rate. Tested against simulated data, this method yielded statistical power and accuracy in parameter estimation that are higher than the iHS test and comparable to the more recently developed nSL test. This procedure was also applied to African Drosophila melanogaster population genomic data to detect candidate genes under ongoing positive selection. Upon visual inspection of sequence polymorphism, candidates detected by our CLR method exhibited clear haplotype structures predicted under incomplete selective sweeps. Our results suggest that different methods capture different aspects of genetic information regarding incomplete sweeps and thus are partially complementary to each other.
A Multistate Asian-Language Tobacco Quitline: Addressing a Disparity in Access to Care
Authors: Cummins Sharon E. , Wong Shiushing , Bonnevie Erika , Lee Hye-ryeon , Goto Cynthia J. , McCree Carrington Judy , Kirby Carrie , Zhu Shu-Hong 
Published: April 2015

Objectives. We conducted a dissemination and implementation study to translate an intervention protocol for Asian-language smokers from an efficacy trial into an effective and sustainable multistate service. Methods. Three state tobacco programs (in California, Colorado, and Hawaii) promoted a multistate cessation quitline to 3 Asian-language-speaking communities: Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese. The California quitline provided counseling centrally to facilitate implementation. Three more states joined the program during the study period (January 2010–July 2012). We assessed the provision of counseling, quitting outcomes, and dissemination of the program. Results. A total of 2004 smokers called for the service, with 88.3% opting for counseling. Among those opting for counseling, the 6-month abstinence rate (18.8%) was similar to results of the earlier efficacy trial (16.4%). Conclusions. The intervention protocol, based on an efficacy trial, was successfully translated into a multistate service and further disseminated. This project paved the way for the establishment of a national quitline for Asian-language speakers, which serves as an important strategy to address disparities in access to care.
Physical Activity, Fruit and Vegetable Intake, and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older Chinese, Hispanics, and Blacks in New York City
Authors: Kwon Simona C. , Wyatt Laura C. , Kranick Julie A. , Islam Nadia S. , Devia Carlos , Horowitz Carol , Trinh-Shevrin Chau 
Published: April 2015

Objectives. We explored the relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and adequate physical activity (PA) and fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake among racial/ethnic minority groups aged 60 years or older living in New York City (NYC).Methods. Survey data from 2009 to 2012 targeted minority groups in NYC ethnic enclaves; we analyzed 3594 individuals (Blacks, Hispanics, and Chinese) aged 60 years or older. Descriptive statistics were run; unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression evaluated the relationship of HRQOL with PA and F&V intake.Results. Hispanics were most likely to engage in sufficient PA and eat recommended F&Vs and had significantly worse HRQOL. After multivariable adjustment, significant associations were found between PA and self-reported health, activity limitation and physical health days for all groups, and PA and mental health days for Hispanics. Significant associations were found between F&V intake and physical health days for Hispanics and F&V intake and self-reported health for Chinese.Conclusions. Findings indicated variations between HRQOL and PA by racial/ethnic subgroup. Despite being highly insured, recommendations for PA and F&V intake were not met. There is a need to promote healthy living behaviors among aging NYC racial/ethnic populations.
Cause-of-Death Disparities in the African Diaspora: Exploring Differences Among Shared-Heritage Populations
Authors: Hambleton Ian R. , Jeyaseelan Selvi , Howitt Christina , Sobers-Grannum Natasha , Hennis Anselm J. , Wilks Rainford J. , Harris E. Nigel , MacLeish Marlene , Sullivan Louis W. 
Published: April 2015

Objectives. We investigated changes in life expectancy (LE) and cause-specific mortality over time, directly comparing African-descent populations in the United States and the Caribbean. Methods. We compared LE at birth and cause-specific mortality in 6 disease groups between Caribbean countries with a majority (> 90%) African-descent population and US African Americans. Results. The LE improvement among African Americans exceeded that of Afro-Caribbeans so that the LE gap, which favored the Caribbean population by 1.5 years in 1990, had been reversed by 2009. This relative improvement among African Americans was mainly the result of the improving mortality experience of African American men. Between 2000 and 2009, Caribbean mortality rates in 5 of the 6 disease groups increased relative to those of African Americans. By 2009, mortality from cerebrovascular diseases, cancers, and diabetes was higher in Afro-Caribbeans relative to African Americans, with a diabetes mortality rate twice that of African Americans and 4 times that of White Americans. Conclusions. The Caribbean community made important mortality reductions between 2000 and 2009, but this progress fell short of African American health improvements in the same period, especially among men.
Removing Grit During Wastewater Treatment:CFD Analysis of HDVS Performance
Authors: Meroney Robert N. , Sheker Robert E. 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate the grit and sand separation effectiveness of a typical hydrodynamic vortex separator (HDVS) system. The analysis examined the influences on the separator efficiency of: flow rate, fluid viscosities, total suspended solids (TSS), and particle size and distribution. It was found that separator efficiency for a wide range of these independent variables could be consolidated into a few curves based on the particle fall velocity to separator inflow velocity ratio, Ws/Vin. Based on CFD analysis it was also determined that systems of different sizes with length scale ratios ranging from 1 to 10 performed similarly when Ws/Vin and TSS were held constant. The CFD results have also been compared to a limited range of experimental data.
Comptabilité marchande et crédit au XVIII e siècle : étude d’une relation d’affaires de la maison nantaise Chaurand Frères
Authors: Lemarchand Yannick 
Published: April 2015

L’analyse d’une relation d’affaires, de plus d’une dizaine d’années, entre deux grandes maisons de négoce de Nantes et de Bordeaux, à partir du compte courant ouvert à la seconde dans la comptabilité de la première, permet d’appréhender de manière approfondie le rôle joué par la comptabilité dans les pratiques du crédit marchand et dans l’articulation monnaie scripturale-monnaie fiduciaire. La comptabilité est l’un des artefacts essentiels à la mise en œuvre du crédit marchand. Inscription du crédit et moyen de preuve de son existence, elle est aussi, simultanément, instrument de crédit et moyen de paiement. Le compte courant ouvert à un partenaire rend compte de façon continue du crédit accordé à (ou par) ce partenaire et des compensations qui s’opèrent au fur et à mesure des livraisons réciproques. Il est de ce fait le siège du règlement scriptural, le jeu d’écritures réalisant le paiement d’une dette par une créance. Mais la comptabilité permet également d’assurer le suivi des titres de crédit émis ou reçus : la monnaie fiduciaire ; le tout en liaison avec les diverses opérations réalisées. Cette étude micro-historique en livre une illustration qui, au-delà des caractéristiques propres à cette relation — nature et rythmes des échanges et donc du crédit —, conduit à des observations de portée plus générale relativement au crédit marchand, qu’il s’agisse des modes de paiement, de la circulation des lettres de change et du rôle de la banque parisienne dans le dernier tiers du XVIII e siècle ou encore du coût du crédit. Elle met également en lumière le rôle de la comptabilité dans la construction et la pérennisation de la relation de crédit : l’artefact comptable n’est pas un simple témoin passif de cette relation, il en est acteur par le biais des rituels de redditions de comptes. Née de la pratique du crédit marchand, la comptabilité a directement participé à son expansion.