bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respon Fisiologis Dan Serapan Hara Tanaman Jagung Terhadap Inokulasi Ganda Mikroba Dan Takaran Pupuk Urea Pada Media Gambut
Authors: Zulfita Dwi , Surachman Surachman , Budi Setia , Rahmidiyani Rahmidiyani , Hadijah Siti 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi antara inokulasi ganda Mikoriza Arbuskula dan bakteri penambat N non-simbiotik Azospirillum pada takaran pupuk urea yang berbeda terhadap proses fisiologis dan serapan N, P pada tanah gambut. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan faktorial 4x4 tata letak Acak Lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah inokulasi Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Azospirillum lipoferum (M) terdiri dari 4 aras yaitu m­0 ­(tanpa inokulasi), m­1 (inokulasi Mikoriza Arbuskula), m2 (inokulasi Azospirillum lipoferum) dan m3 (inokulasi dengan Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Azospirillum lipoferum). Faktor kedua adalah takaran pupuk urea dengan 4 aras yaitu n0 (tanpa pemberian pupuk urea), n1 (urea ¼ takaran anjuran), n2 (½ takaran anjuran) dan n3 (takaran anjuran). Takaran pupuk urea untuk tanaman jagung adalah 150 kg ha-1. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik dengan menggunakan analisis varians (uji F), apabila uji F menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nyata dari masing-masing perlakuan maupun interaksinya maka dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan pada taraf 5 %. Pangamatan dilakukan terhadap serapan N dan P, Laju Asimilasi Bersih (LAB) dan Laju Pertumbuhan Nisbi(LPN). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inokulasi ganda Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Azospirillum lipoferum efektif pada semua takaran pupuk urea dalam meningkatkan serapan hara N dan P.

Kata Kunci: gambut, jagung, mikroba, respon fisiologis, serapan hara
Understanding how professional development opportunities affect open educational resource sharing
Authors: Flowers Sharleen , Hazlett Zachary S. , Ramirez Marie , Treibergs Kira , Vinson Erin , Smith Michelle K. , Knight Jennifer K. 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundOpen Educational Resources (OERs) help instructors create innovative lessons and foster cost-effective and equitable access to educational materials. As more instructors turn to OERs to enhance their courses, there is a growing demand for the creation of more lesson plans.MethodsTo increase the number of high-quality OERs in undergraduate biology and physics, the journal CourseSource introduced Writing Studios to assist educators in writing and publishing OERs. Over a period of 5 years, 188 attendees participated in one of 11 different Writing Studios in which they followed a scaffolded worksheet to help draft their OER and engaged in peer review with partners. Attendees completed surveys before and after participation, and we tracked whether or not they published their manuscripts.ResultsWe found that 38.8% of attendees shared their OERs through a CourseSource publication. Several characteristics predicted OER sharing through publication such as format of the workshop and attendee’s type of institution. Participants also described a variety of supports and barriers that impacted their ability to publish as well as possible long-term supports that would help bring resources to publication.DiscussionThis study highlights the importance of ongoing support and tailored strategies to facilitate the sharing of OERs. The findings can benefit instructors and professional development leaders who are committed to increasing the number of high-quality resources that are available.
Long-term evaluation of surface topographic and topsoil grain composition changes in an agricultural landscape
Authors: Halászová Klaudia , Lackóová Lenka , Panagopoulos Thomas 
Published: August 2024

Understanding long-term changes in topography and topsoil grain composition is crucial for the management of agricultural landscapes, especially in areas prone to wind erosion. This study investigates long-term changes in topography and topsoil grain composition within an agricultural landscape in south-western Slovakia. To analyse topographic changes over time, we used high-precision positioning measurements and airborne laser scanning to create digital terrain models (DTM) for the years 2011, 2017 and 2020. To assess changes in soil grain composition, we performed grain size analyses on soil samples collected during three different periods: M1 (1961–1970), M2 (2009–2015) and M3 (2015–2016). Changes in soil texture were evaluated to understand the impact of wind erosion on soil composition. The influence of windbreaks was also analysed by comparing the accumulation and deflation processes. The results showed significant changes in both topography and soil texture over the study period. The DTMs showed marked differences in the accumulation and deflation processes, highlighting areas affected by wind erosion. Comparisons of soil samples showed a shift in dominant soil types from loam and clay loam to silty loam, highlighting the effects of wind erosion. Analysis revealed a decrease in clay and silt content and an increase in sand content, indicating wind-induced soil degradation. The presence of windbreaks played a crucial role in reducing soil erosion by reducing wind speed, promoting soil accumulation and stabilising the landscape up to 80 m windward and 20 m leeward. The study highlights the complex interplay of climate and wind factors in shaping topography and soil properties and emphasises the protective role of windbreaks in agricultural landscapes over time. Our results show that wind erosion significantly alters soil texture, which can affect agricultural productivity. However, windbreaks have proven to be an effective measure in reducing soil erosion and maintaining soil quality.
The role of pressure and friction forces in automated insertion of cochlear implants
Authors: Fröhlich Max , Deutz Jaro , Wangenheim Matthias , Rau Thomas S. , Lenarz Thomas , Kral Andrej , Schurzig Daniel 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesDespite the success of cochlear implant (CI) surgery for hearing restoration, reducing CI electrode insertion forces is an ongoing challenge with the goal to further reduce post-implantation hearing loss. While research in this field shows that both friction and quasistatic pressure forces occur during CI insertion, there is a lack of studies distinguishing between these origins. The present study was conducted to analyze the contribution of both force phenomena during automated CI insertion.MethodsFive MED-EL FLEX28 CI electrode arrays were inserted into both a regular and uncoiled version of the same average scala tympani (ST). Both ST models had a pressure release hole at the apical end, which was kept open or closed to quantify pressure forces. ST models were filled with different sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) lubricants (1, 5, and 10% SDS, water). The viscosity of lubricants was determined using a rheometer. Insertions were conducted with velocities ranging from v= 0.125 mm/s to 2.0 mm/s.ResultsViscosity of SDS lubricants at 20°C was 1.28, 1.96, and 2.51 mPas for 1, 5, and 10% SDS, respectively, which lies within the values reported for human perilymph. In the uncoiled ST model, forces remained within the noise floor (maximum: 0.049 × 10−3 N ± 1.5 × 10−3 N), indicating minimal contribution from quasistatic pressure. Conversely, forces using the regular, coiled ST model were at least an order of magnitude larger (minimum: Fmax = 28.95 × 10−3 N, v = 1 mm/s, 10% SDS), confirming that friction forces are the main contributor to total insertion forces. An N-way ANOVA revealed that both lubricant viscosity and insertion speed significantly reduce insertion forces (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionFor the first time, this study demonstrates that at realistic perilymph viscosities, quasistatic pressure forces minimally affect the total insertion force profile during insertion. Mixed friction is the main determinant, and significantly decreases with increaseing insertion speeds. This suggests that in clinical settings with similar ST geometries and surgical preparation, quasistatic pressure plays a subordinate role. Moreover, the findings indicate that managing the hydrodynamics of the cochlear environment, possibly through pre-surgical preparation or the use of specific lubricants, could effectively reduce insertion forces.
The loss of βΙ spectrin alters synaptic size and composition in the ja/ja mouse
Authors: Stankewich Michael C. , Peters Luanne L. , Morrow Jon S. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionDeletion or mutation of members of the spectrin gene family contributes to many neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders. While each spectrinopathy may generate distinct neuropathology, the study of βΙ spectrin’s role (Sptb) in the brain has been hampered by the hematologic consequences of its loss.MethodsJaundiced mice (ja/ja) that lack βΙ spectrin suffer a rapidly fatal hemolytic anemia. We have used exchange transfusion of newborn ja/ja mice to blunt their hemolytic pathology, enabling an examination of βΙ spectrin deficiency in the mature mouse brain by ultrastructural and biochemical analysis.ResultsβΙ spectrin is widely utilized throughout the brain as the βΙΣ2 isoform; it appears by postnatal day 8, and concentrates in the CA1,3 region of the hippocampus, dentate gyrus, cerebellar granule layer, cortical layer 2, medial habenula, and ventral thalamus. It is present in a subset of dendrites and absent in white matter. Without βΙ spectrin there is a 20% reduction in postsynaptic density size in the granule layer of the cerebellum, a selective loss of ankyrinR in cerebellar granule neurons, and a reduction in the level of the postsynaptic adhesion molecule NCAM. While we find no substitution of another spectrin for βΙ at dendrites or synapses, there is curiously enhanced βΙV spectrin expression in the ja/ja brain.DiscussionβΙΣ2 spectrin appears to be essential for refining postsynaptic structures through interactions with ankyrinR and NCAM. We speculate that it may play additional roles yet to be discovered.
Real-time motion artifact suppression using convolution neural networks with penalty in fNIRS
Authors: Huang Ruisen , Hong Keum-Shik , Bao Shi-Chun , Gao Fei 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionRemoving motion artifacts (MAs) from functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals is crucial in practical applications, but a standard procedure is not available yet. Artificial neural networks have found applications in diverse domains, such as voice and image processing, while their utility in signal processing remains limited.MethodIn this work, we introduce an innovative neural network-based approach for online fNIRS signals processing, tailored to individual subjects and requiring minimal prior experimental data. Specifically, this approach employs one-dimensional convolutional neural networks with a penalty network (1DCNNwP), incorporating a moving window and an input data augmentation procedure. In the training process, the neural network is fed with simulated data derived from the balloon model for simulation validation and semi-simulated data for experimental validation, respectively.ResultsVisual validation underscores 1DCNNwP’s capacity to effectively suppress MAs. Quantitative analysis reveals a remarkable improvement in signal-to-noise ratio by over 11.08 dB, surpassing the existing methods, including the spline-interpolation, wavelet-based, temporal derivative distribution repair with a 1 s moving window, and spline Savitzky-Goaly methods. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) analysis further demonstrated 1DCNNwP’s ability to restore or enhance CNRs for motionless signals. In the experiments of eight subjects, our method significantly outperformed the other approaches (except offline TDDR, t &lt; −3.82, p &lt; 0.01). With an average signal processing time of 0.53 ms per sample, 1DCNNwP exhibited strong potential for real-time fNIRS data processing.DiscussionThis novel univariate approach for fNIRS signal processing presents a promising avenue that requires minimal prior experimental data and adapts seamlessly to varying experimental paradigms.
KIF11 promotes vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by regulating cell cycle progression and accelerates neointimal formation after arterial injury in mice
Authors: Wang Gengqiao , Zhao Peng , Yin Chuanzheng , Zheng Xichuan , Xie Yuhang , Li Xuan , Shang Dan , Shao Shuyu , Chen Hao , Wei Li , Song Zifang 
Published: August 2024

Background and aims: One of the primary causes of lumen narrowing is vascular injury induced during medical procedures. Vascular injury disrupts the integrity of the endothelium, triggering platelet deposition, leukocyte recruitment, and the release of inflammatory factors. This, in turn, induces the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), leading to neointima formation. However, the molecular mechanism underlying VSMC proliferation following injury remains unknown. KIF11 is critical in regulating the cell cycle by forming bipolar spindles during mitotic metaphase. This process may contribute to VSMCs proliferation and neointima formation following vascular injury. Yet, the function of KIF11 in VSMCs has not been elucidated. This study aims to investigate the role and mechanisms of KIF11 in regulating VSMCs cycle progression and proliferation.Methods: After conducting biological analysis of the transcriptome sequencing data from the mouse carotid artery injury model and the cell transcriptome data of PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs, we identified a potential target gene, KIF11, which may play a crucial role in vascular injury. Then we established a vascular injury model to investigate how changes in KIF11 expression and activity influence in vivo VSMCs proliferation and neointimal formation. In addition, we employed siRNA and specific inhibitors to suppress KIF11 expression and activity in VSMCs cultured in vitro to study the mechanisms underlying VSMCs cycle progression and proliferation.Results: The results of immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence indicate a significant upregulation of KIF11 expression in the injured vascular. The intraperitoneal injection of the KIF11 specific inhibitor, K858, partially inhibits intimal hyperplasia in the vascular injury model. In vitro experiments further demonstrate that PDGF-BB upregulates KIF11 expression through the PI3K/AKT pathway, and enhances KIF11 activity. Inhibition of both KIF11 expression and activity partially reverses the pro-cycle progression and pro-proliferation effects of PDGF-BB on VSMCs. Additionally, KIF11 overexpression partially counteracts the proliferation arrest and cell cycle arrest induced by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway in VSMCs.Conclusion: Our study highlights the crucial role of KIF11 in regulating the cycle progression and proliferation of VSMCs after vascular injury. A comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms could pave the way for potential therapeutic interventions in treating vascular stenosis.
Chronic administration of prebiotics and probiotics ameliorates pathophysiological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease in a APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model
Authors: Lana Daniele , Traini Chiara , Bulli Irene , Sarti Giorgia , Magni Giada , Attorre Selene , Giovannini Maria Grazia , Vannucchi Maria Giuliana 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The gut microbiota (MB), although one of the main producers of Aβ in the body, in physiological conditions contributes to the maintainance of a healthy brain. Dysbiosis, the dysbalance between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in the MB increases Aβ production, contributing to the accumulation of Aβ plaques in the brain, the main histopathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Administration of prebiotics and probiotics, maintaining or recovering gut-MB composition, could represent a nutraceutical strategy to prevent or reduce AD sympthomathology. Aim of this research was to evaluate whether treatment with pre- and probiotics could modify the histopathological signs of neurodegeneration in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 areas of a transgenic mouse model of AD (APP/PS1 mice). The hippocampus is one of the brain regions involved in AD.Methods: Tg mice and Wt littermates (Wt-T and Tg-T) were fed daily for 6 months from 2 months of age with a diet supplemented with prebiotics (a multi-extract of fibers and plant complexes, containing inulin/fruit-oligosaccharides) and probiotics (a 50%–50% mixture of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus paracasei). Controls were Wt and Tg mice fed with a standard diet. Brain sections were immunostained for Aβ plaques, neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and inflammatory proteins that were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively by immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy and digital imaging with ImageJ software.Results: Quantitative analyses demonstrated that: 1) The treatment with pre- and probiotics significantly decreased Aβ plaques in CA3, while in CA1 the reduction was not significant; 2) Neuronal damage in CA1 Stratum Pyramidalis was significantly prevented in Tg-T mice; no damage was found in CA3; 3) In both CA1 and CA3 the treatment significantly increased astrocytes density, and GFAP and IBA1 expression, especially around plaques; 4) Microglia reacted differently in CA1 and CA3: in CA3 of Tg-T mice there was a significant increase of CD68+ phagocytic microglia (ball-and-chain phenomic) and of CX3CR1 compared with CA1.Discussion: The higher microglia reactivity could be responsible for their more efficient scavenging activity towards Aβ plaques in CA3 in comparison to CA1. Treatment with pre- and probiotics, modifying many of the physiopathological hallmarks of AD, could be considered an effective nutraceutical strategy against AD symptomatology.
Improved exercise ventilatory efficiency with nasal compared to oral breathing in cardiac patients
Authors: Prisca Eser , Pietro Calamai , Anja Kalberer , Laura Stuetz , Sarina Huber , Dominic Kaesermann , Sabina Guler , Matthias Wilhelm 
Published: August 2024

Graphical AbstractPresentation of the study groups and study protocol (top panels). Nasal breathing resulted in a pattern of slower and deeper breathing and a reduced ventilation to carbon dioxide production in all groups (lower panels).
Evaluating the impact of ecological factors on the quality and habitat distribution of Lonicera japonica Flos using HPLC and the MaxEnt model
Authors: Cheng Jiali , Guo Fengxia , Wang Liyang , Li Zhigang , Zhou Chunyan , Wang Hongyan , Liang Wei , Jiang Xiaofeng , Chen Yuan , Dong Pengbin 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe quality of traditional Chinese medicine is based on the content of their secondary metabolites, which vary with habitat adaptation and ecological factors. This study focuses on Lonicera japonica Flos (LJF), a key traditional herbal medicine, and aims to evaluate how ecological factors impact its quality.MethodsWe developed a new evaluation method combining high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprinting technology and MaxEnt models to assess the effects of ecological factors on LJF quality. The MaxEnt model was used to predict suitable habitats for current and future scenarios, while HPLC was employed to analyze the contents of key compounds. We also used ArcGIS for spatial analysis to create a quality zoning map.ResultsThe analysis identified 21 common chromatographic peaks, with significant variations in the contents of Hyperoside, Rutin, Chlorogenic acid, Cynaroside, and Isochlorogenic acid A across different habitats. Key environmental variables influencing LJF distribution were identified, including temperature, precipitation, and elevation. The current suitable habitats primarily include regions south of the Yangtze River. Under future climate scenarios, suitable areas are expected to shift, with notable expansions in southern Gansu, southeastern Tibet, and southern Liaoning. The spatial distribution maps revealed that high-quality LJF is predominantly found in central and southern Hebei, northern Henan, central Shandong, central Sichuan, southern Guangdong, and Taiwan.DiscussionThe study indicates that suitable growth areas can promote the accumulation of certain secondary metabolites in plants, as the accumulation of these metabolites varies. The results underscore the necessity of optimizing quality based on cultivation practices. The integration of HPLC fingerprinting technology and the MaxEnt model provides valuable insights for the conservation and cultivation of herbal resources, offering a new perspective on evaluating the impact of ecological factors on the quality of traditional Chinese medicines.
Psychotherapy focusing on dialogical and narrative perspectives: a systematic review from qualitative and mixed-methods studies
Authors: Mellado Augusto , del Río María Teresa , Andreucci-Annunziata Paola , Molina María Elisa 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThis systematic review identified qualitative and mixed-methods empirical studies on psychotherapy from dialogical and narrative approaches, aiming to address the following questions: (1) How are subjectivity and intersubjectivity qualitatively understood in dialogical and/or narrative psychotherapies studied using dialogical and narrative approaches? (2) How do therapeutic changes occur, including their facilitators and barriers? (3) What psychotherapeutic resources are available for psychotherapists in these types of studies?MethodThe articles were selected according to the Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the eligibility criteria proposed by the PICOS strategy (participants, interventions, comparators, outcomes, and study design) from 163 records identified in the Web of Science Core Collection databases.ResultsThe systematic review process allowed the selection of 16 articles. The results provided insights into the understanding of subjectivity, intersubjectivity, change in psychotherapy, its facilitators, and barriers from these perspectives. It also offered some therapeutic interventions that can be implemented in psychotherapies, integrating dialogical and/or narrative aspects.DiscussionThe centrality of dialogical exploration of patient/client resources, therapists as interlocutors fostering client agency, polyphony serving as scaffolding for change, and interconnection with the sociocultural environment are discussed. The integration of this latter topic has been a challenge for these types of studies, considering the active construction of shared meanings. The dialogical and narrative approaches focus psychotherapy on transforming meanings through dialogue and re-authoring stories, evolving within cultural and historical contexts. Thus, this study highlights the relevance of these perspectives in contemporary psychotherapy, emphasizing dialogue in co-creation within an intersubjective framework.