bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-healing Bessel-Gaussian beam generation based on multimode interference effect
Authors: He Xiaoying , Zhang Yindong , Rao Lan , Xin Xiangjun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Two typed Bessel-Gaussian beams with good non-diffraction and self-healing properties have been generated by using tapered hollow tubes with double layers. The evolution process of light propagation in the tapered hollow tube cavity is studied theoretically. The theoretically analysis and simulation results show that the Bessel-Gaussian beam generation is due to the multimode interference. Two typed Bessel-Gaussian beams are generated by changing the inner layer thickness of such hollow tubes, which both experiences autofocusing at the output port and evolve into Bessel-Gaussian beams. The effect of single and multiple silica particles on their self-healing performance has also been analyzed, which has a good property for ultrafast laser micromachining.
Advancing lung ultrasound imaging: advanced pre-processing and neoteric segmentation for improved accuracy
Authors: Edward Thomas Anjelin Genifer , J Shiny Duela 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Within the medical imaging domain, the segmentation of Lung Ultrasound (LUS) images is crucial for accurately defining regions of interest, particularly for lung health assessments. various techniques such as threshold-based, region-based, and edge-based methods have been employed to address this challenge, their accuracy and efficiency are often questioned. This highlights the need for an innovative approach. With this context in mind, this research introduces a novel preprocessing step using Optimized Gaussian Histogram Equalization (GHE) followed by a Neoteric Segmentation (NS) approach. This combination enhances the capability of segmenting specific regions within LUS images, regardless of the overarching medical scenario. The primary focus of this method is to understand, through a thorough evaluation, how neoteric segmentation compares with more conventional methods. By conducting an in-depth comparative analysis, valuable insights can be unearthed. The results demonstrate that the optimized GHE technique significantly enhances contrast and preserves visual quality, while the NS approach shows superior performance in accurately segmenting the lung regions. Initial findings suggest that the NS method, achieving an impressive 95% accuracy, holds significant promise and could influence the trajectory of healthcare practices. This research aims to advance the field of medical image analysis by highlighting the potential benefits of this cutting-edge segmentation technique. These advancements could positively impact healthcare outcomes, especially in contexts that leverage lung ultrasound imaging.
Assessments of the key plasma parameters with different scenarios on HIT-PSI using EMC3-EIRENE
Authors: Wen Z X , Niu G J , Kawamura G , Huang T , Frerichs H , Dai S Y 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Linear plasma devices offer an effective way to conduct plasma-wall interaction studies and contribute to a basic understanding of edge plasma physics. A new platform at Harbin Institute of Technology for Plasma Surface Interaction experiments (HIT-PSI) is a newly-built linear device at the stage of commissioning that is capable of simulating high heat power deposition on divertor targets similar to tokamak conditions. Therefore, numerical simulations to evaluate the plasma characteristics are essential for designing and guiding the experimental conditions in HIT-PSI. In this work, the three-dimensional edge transport code EMC3-EIRENE has been used to investigate the plasma parameter distributions in HIT-PSI with the puffing and pumping systems involved. The effects of the heating power and target position on the distribution of electron density, electron temperature, and particle and heat fluxes have been investigated by EMC3-EIRENE. Particularly, the reduction in the electron density with the puffing fluxes has also been studied by analyzing individual atomic and molecular processes. Finally, the influence of varying pumping speeds on plasma parameters has been investigated in detail by adjusting the recycling coefficients at the two pumping ports.
Effect of gold nanoparticle dispersion on the structural, optical and radiation shielding parameters of sodium borate glass
Authors: Sharma Muskan , Sharma Gopi , Kumari Neha , Sharma Rohit , Kaur Jatinder , Mahendru Nancy , Singla Shivani 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Borate-derived radiation shielding glasses have been thoroughly explored, yet the effects of gold nanoparticle (GNP) dispersion on sodium borate glasses remain unstudied. This study investigates the impact of GNP dispersion and varying GNP concentrations on the radiation shielding properties and other parameters of sodium borate glass. All the glasses were prepared using the melt-quench technique with a composition of 30Na2O-70B2O3, containing 0, 2 × 10−10, and 2 × 10−9 mol% of nanoparticles. The x-ray diffractogram (XRD) confirmed the amorphous nature of the prepared glass samples, while Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed structural modifications, indicated by the formation of non-bridging oxygens due to the incorporation of GNPs. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) confirmed the presence of GNPs with an average size of 1.317 nm, and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) revealed further coagulation of GNPs into tiny grains to alleviate surface stresses. Density measurements showed a clear decrease from 2.3051 to 2.1363 g cm−3 with the incorporation of gold nanoparticles. Additionally, a localized surface plasmon resonance peak centered at 612 nm was observed in the UV–Vis spectrogram of the glass with the highest GNP concentration. Radiation shielding parameters, including the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), mean free path (MFP), and effective atomic number (Zeff), were analyzed using Phy-X/PSD software. The LAC value initially decreases from 76.073 to 70.502 cm−1 with the incorporation of GNPs but increases to 75.878 cm−1 with a higher GNP concentration. This glass system exhibited superior radiation shielding parameters compared to various reported glass systems, indicating its potential for shielding applications.
Fluctuations cutoff in a 1D Hamiltonian model for DNA
Authors: Zoli Marco 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Considering a one dimensional mesoscopic model for DNA, we focus on the upper bound for the base pair fluctuations, a relevant parameter in computer simulations for which contrasting estimates have been reported. Noticing that the free energy of the model can be obtained analytically in the thermodynamic limit, we derive a relation for the fluctuations upper bound in terms of temperature and elastic force constant of the stacking potential. At room temperature, the fluctuation cutoff is constrained to values ∼2 Å in fair agreement with the threshold above which hydrogen bonds break and base pairs dissociate.
Phase reconstruction by phase shift estimation with reliable parameter minimization
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Bao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Achieving a balance between accuracy and speed in phase reconstruction is a challenging problem. In phase-shifting interferometry, increasing the speed by reducing the number of phase shifts while maintaining high accuracy is highly desirable. We propose an accurate and efficient two-step phase reconstruction method utilizing random phase shift. This method directly estimates the phase shift through reliable parameter minimization, allowing for easy and precise phase reconstruction. Simulations and experiments demonstrate the superior performance of our method across various scenarios, outperforming well-known two-step phase-shifting algorithms. We expect this paper to provide a general and powerful tool for phase reconstruction.
Research on strategies of air pollution prevention and control in civil Engineering projects
Authors: Sun Wenkui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The prevention and control of air pollution is an important issue of social concern at present. With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of industrialization level, air pollution poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. In the process of construction and use, civil engineering projects can inevitably cause air pollution, which may have a certain impact on the environment. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the prevention and control strategy of air pollution in civil engineering field, and to provide reference for the planning and implementation of related projects. First, the main sources of air pollution in civil engineering projects are introduced. Then, a series of prevention and control strategies were proposed. Finally, this paper summarizes the challenges and opportunities of air pollution prevention strategies and research in civil engineering projects. With the improvement of social environmental awareness and the introduction of relevant policies, air pollution control will usher in broader development prospects in the field of civil engineering.
Analysis of green infrastructure network (GIN) based on morphological spatial-temporal pattern analysis (MSTPA): A case study of Shijingshan district in Beijing
Authors: Zheng Zi’ang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Rapid urbanization results in habitat fragmentation. GIN analysis provides an objective basis for the complete construction of ecological networks. Although there is currently no uniform standard for GIN analysis, this study found that the core region and the connectivity between the core became two key elements of GIN analysis. By analyzing the morphological recognition of GIN, Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) is targeted in the core area and connectivity analysis, so it has become the mainstream of GIN analysis methods. At the same time, this study finds that there are commonalities in MSPA analysis methods of different scholars. However, it should be noted that GIN analysis by MSPA method in China has two main research gaps: First, it lacks attention to the space scale of urban administrative district level; Second, there is a lack of research on GIN that considers time as a factor. In order to fill these two research gaps, the Shijingshan District of Beijing was selected as the research site to conduct GIN analysis based on Morphological Spatial-Temporal Pattern Analysis (MSTPA). At the same time, the analysis method and data of this study can provide a reference for future scholars to carry out the same type of research.
Applying nanomaterials to enhance the energy density of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Fei Jiaqi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The technological improvement and commercialization of lithium-ion batteries have gone through a long period of development, and energy density is a crucial link in their development. At present, nanomaterials have made significant contributions to improving the energy density of batteries, while also effectively addressing some issues including safety and stability. Because of there will be some small size effects, such as an increase in conductivity, an enhancement of all mechanical, optical, and even superparamagnetic behaviour, when the size of the particles inside the material is reduced to match the wavelength of the electron, phonon, and Magnon. Scientists have also made targeted modifications to electrode and electrolyte materials based on these principles, using different technologies to improve the energy density and other electrochemical function of lithium-ion batteries. As a result, this research will start with the cathode, anode, and electrolyte materials of batteries, and explain the applications and principles of related nanomaterials.
Strategies for constructing stable solid electrolyte interface on the surface of lithium metal negative electrodes
Authors: Lin Jiachun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
With metallic lithium serving as the negative electrode material, lithium metal batteries are seen as the most promising next generation of high-specific energy batteries. However, the poor stability of the solid-state electrolyte interface (SEI) caused by the spontaneous interaction between metal lithium and electrolyte during battery cycling exacerbates several problems such lithium dendrite formation, lower Coulomb efficiency, and capacity degradation. The practical use of secondary lithium metal batteries is therefore constrained. Consequently, enhancing SEI stability is a focus of extensive study in the realm of lithium metal batteries. The ideal surface electrode should have strong surface electrical insulation, good lithium-ion conductivity, and high mechanical strength in order to manage the even deposition of lithium ions on the surface, facilitate ion transport, and inhibit dendritic growth. Therefore, constructing a functional SEI film is an effective strategy to solve the challenges faced by lithium metal negative electrodes. This article first introduces the formation mechanism and structural composition of SEI. Then, the failure reasons of SEI were analyzed. Finally, the modification strategy of SEI was emphasized, aiming to provide a reference for the research of metal lithium negative electrodes.
A bio-inspired strategy inspired by an elephant trunk to grip granules
Authors: Chen Jingren 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The utilization of granular materials for transportation purposes has the potential to mitigate superfluous expenditures associated with the transportation process. Nevertheless, granular materials exhibit distinct flowability characteristics under specific circumstances, which can lead to challenges such as instability maintenance, intricate grasping tactics, and reduced efficiency throughout the grasping process. Hence, the grasping pattern of the trunk of the African elephant (Loxodonta Africana) was observed. Drawing inspiration from the aforementioned concept, this paper put forth a compelling approach centered around an air-powered flexible gripper platform comprising four distinct gripping stages. Our objective is to explore the correlation between the quantity of items and the supplementary pressure required to achieve successful gripping, while considering variations in object dimensions. This study has the potential to provide novel insights for enhancing the efficacy of granular material transportation through improved gripping mechanisms.
Different methods for single molecule detection
Authors: Dong Chengyang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The molecule is the smallest unit that can exist independently and maintain the physical and chemical properties of the substance, so single molecule detection is a critical technology in biology, chemistry, and other disciplines. Today, different instruments and methods for single-molecule detection exist. Each single molecule detection method’s principle, operation, and application scope differ. Systematic analysis and summary are needed. This research will outline the principles and recent achievements of several single-molecule detection methods, from microscopes to spectrometers and biosensors. The development of atomic force microscopy (AFM) is mainly introduced in microscopy. First, the fundamentals of AFM will be introduced, followed by high-speed atomic AFM (Hs-AFM) and its integrated green laser irradiation of single molecules for dynamics, Later, we will introduce the recently developed Localization AFM (LAFM) with higher resolution and the Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) with similar principle. Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging are mainly introduced in spectroscopy. In the last aspect of biosensors, the principle and development of nanopore and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are mainly introduced.
Application research of BP-neutral network model in forecasting sewage volume in Beijing city
Authors: Yuan Shuxuan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In order to meet the urgent demand for sewage treatment in Beijing, three methods-PLSR, GM (1,1) and BP-Network were used to fit the sewage volume of Beijing from 2010 to 2019, and the fitting conditions of the three were compared in this paper. In this study, the application of the three methods was analyzed, and the Z-score method was used to eliminate the impact of data dimension and standardize the data. At the same time, the normal distribution of the data was tested, as was the correlation between the data, Which improved the accuracy of the three fitting models. The final result is that the realistic BP neural network has the highest fitting accuracy and can improve the most accurate sewage volume prediction for Beijing.
Research on vehicle electromagnetic compatibility testing based on LTE-V2X direct communication
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Xuan , Zhang Yujie , Wu Yue 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
With the continuous development of intelligent networked vehicle technology, the electromagnetic environment inside and outside the vehicle is becoming more and more complicated. As the key technology of vehicle-road coordination, the electromagnetic reliability of V2X communication will affect the driving safety and ride comfort of intelligent networked vehicles. Based on V2X communication, this paper introduces the mainstream V2X technology and related standards at home and abroad. Taking the vehicle based on LTE-V2X direct communication technology as the object, the construction of the communication scene, electromagnetic emission, and immunity test method in the semi-dark room are studied, and the test results and matters needing attention in the test are given. This research can well support the formulation of vehicle networking standards and help improve the intelligent networked vehicle standards and regulations system.
Frequency source design of solid-state microwave source based on phase-locked loop technology
Authors: Sun Wenhao , Shan Jiafang , Ma Wendong , Zhu Liang , Jia Xisheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A high-performance frequency synthesizer based on phase-locked loop (PLL) technology is proposed for high-power, solid-state microwave sources. The PLL circuit is simulated, optimized, and analyzed by using ADIsimPLL software. The methods to improve the phase noise performance of the frequency source are summarized. Using ADF4351, STM32, ADL5611, and other devices to complete the hardware circuit and software control part of the design, the low noise frequency source is successfully established. The frequency source can output the signal in the frequency range of 2.3 G-2.5 G, the phase noise is within - 97.30 dBc@1 KHz, the output power reaches 20 dBm, the overall performance is excellent, and meets the requirements of a solid-state microwave source.
Digital-analog hybrid control of an inverted pendulum robot based on memristor
Authors: Wang Xuemei , Chen Yingying , Zhang Zien , Liu Fucai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Single inertial measurement unit sensor signals are inaccurate, and traditional digital processing systems with separate storage and computation architectures cannot directly handle analog sensor signals, leading to significant delays and high power consumption. In that case, the control capability for self-balancing robots has been limited. In this work, a three-terminal MoS2-based memristor device was fabricated and successfully integrated into a memristor-based hybrid control inverted pendulum robot system. This system achieved continuous multi-sensor analog data fusion computations and analog PD control computations by combining the least squares method and a gradient descent algorithm based on a reward mechanism in digital circuits to control the memristors dynamically. Additionally, simulation testing and real, inverted pendulum robot control confirmed the efficacy of its data fusion and the accuracy of its PD control. The comparative experiments demonstrated that the hybrid control system based on memristors was approximately 86.41 mJ lower than the digital system. This system holds significant importance for the processing of large-scale sensor data and robot control.
An Output-Capacitorless LDO regulator with fast transient response and high PSRR
Authors: Fan Qingqing , Chai Changchun , Mao Xinyi , Song Boqi , Yang Yintang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A fast transient response and high supply voltage rejection ratio (PSRR) output-capacitor-less low-dropout (OCL-LDO) regulator with a dual power transistor structure is proposed in this paper. The designed flip voltage follower (FVF) structure and the proposed back-gate control loop improve the transient performance of the system. The proposed PSRR enhancement circuit transmits the power supply voltage fluctuation 1:1 to the gate of the power transistor so that the influence of the power supply voltage fluctuation on the output voltage of the LDO is offset by the difference between the gate and source voltages of the power transistor. The simulated results have shown that the proposed OCL-LDO regulator achieves full range stability from 100 μA to 50 mA. The output voltage undershoot is reduced by more than 100 mV when the load current is stepped from 1 to 50 mA in 500 ns without the load capacitor. The PSRR enhancement circuit increases the PSRR of the LDO from 1 KHz to 10 MHz by more than 20 dB.
DOA method based on CSI and improved neural network
Authors: Sun Jingwei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In wireless communication systems, accurate estimation of signal direction has always been a key research area. Channel State Information (CSI) is an important parameter that can be used to estimate the Direction of Arrival (DOA) of a signal. In order to improve the accuracy and robustness of DOA estimation, this study aims to explore a DOA estimation method based on CSI and improved neural networks. Firstly, the role of CSI in localization technology and related theories are detailed. Subsequently, the application of neural network-based fingerprint matching algorithms, including BP neural networks, Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), and chaotic mapping techniques, is analyzed. In light of this, an improved BP neural network integrating chaotic mapping and adaptive weighting is proposed to improve the positioning accuracy and convergence rate of the algorithm. Finally, through the collection and training of experimental data, an algorithm proposed in this article achieves a test set accuracy of 96.4286% and a training set accuracy of 82.7243%. The better training effect is obtained, which verifies the efficacy and superiority of the proposed approach.
Attempts to increase communication rates with explosive acoustic sources for underwater communications
Authors: Xiu Jiaqi , Zhang Min 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
To meet the requirement of a higher speed rate for hydroacoustic communication, an innovative scheme is proposed to simulate an airgun sound source by superimposing two different frequency Ricker Wavelets to form a multi-wave Ricker Wavelet. On the receiver side, two bandpass filters are employed to recover the original information. First, the characteristics of a single Ricker Wavelet, a multi-wave Ricker Wavelet, and an airgun sound source were compared. We found that the multi-wave Ricker Wavelet has characteristics that are similar to the airgun sound source, which leads to the conclusion that using a multi-wave Ricker Wavelet is the best way to simulate the airgun sound source. Secondly, we proposed a method to simulate the airgun sound source for transmission by superposition of two multi-wave Ricker Wavelets of different frequencies, which was an innovative scheme capable of sending two bits of information in one code element duration, thus better meeting the demand for higher communication rates in hydroacoustic communication. Finally, we conducted simulation experiments to verify the validity of the above conclusions. The analysis and elaboration can provide a novel and efficient solution for the field of hydroacoustic communication.