bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The horned Australian burrowing mayfly Jappa (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)
Authors: Bae Yeon Jae , Finlay Kyla J. , Campbell Ian C. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe horned Australian burrowing mayfly genus Jappa Harker (Leptophlebiidae) is revised based on adult and larval material collected throughout Australia. Five named species [J. campbelli Bae & Finlay, J. edmundsi Skedros & Polhemus, J. furcifera (Eaton), J. serrata Skedros & Polhemus and J. strigata (Eaton 1871) (= J. bicornis Ulmer 1916; = J. kutera Harker 1954, syn. n.)] are recognised, and two new species [J. harkerae n. sp. and J. suteri n. sp.] are described. Descriptions, diagnoses, line‐drawings and images of key characters, distributional information, taxonomic remarks and keys to adults and larvae are provided. The species Jappa tristis Harker 1954 is transferred to the genus Tillyardophlebia Dean.
Dried Tomato‐Flavored Probiotic Cream Cheese with Lactobacillus paracasei
Authors: Santini Marilsa S. S. , Koga Evelyn C. , Aragon Davi C. , Santana Elsa H. W. , Costa Marcela R. , Costa Giselle N. , Aragon‐Alegro Lina C. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract:  A dried tomato‐flavored probiotic cream cheese (P) containing Lactobacillus paracasei Lpc‐37 was developed for the purpose of this study. The same product, but without probiotic addition (C) was used as control. Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris were used as lactic starter cultures. Chemical composition analyses and sensory tests were performed on days 1 and 7, respectively. Titratable acidity, pH value and L. paracasei population were determined every 7 d during the refrigerated storage (21 d) of the cream cheeses. The experiment and analyses were performed in triplicate, using standard methods. Probiotic population remained greater than 107 CFU/g throughout the storage period, thereby characterizing the product as potentially probiotic. Cream cheeses C and P did not differ on the sensory tests, both obtaining good overall acceptance by the consumers, of which 82.6% stated that they certainly or probably would buy the product.Practical Application:  Lactobacillus paracasei Lpc‐37 is a probiotic bacterium and clinical studies have shown that this microorganism beneficially affects its host. In general, dried tomato‐flavored products and cream cheese are products with good acceptance by the consumers. Thus, regular consumption of the probiotic cream cheese developed in this study may have positive effects on health and well being of people if incorporated into their diet.
The Conversion of Perhydropolysilazane into SiON Films Characterized by X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Kaishi , Zheng Xiaohao , Ohuchi Fumio S. , Bordia Rajendra K. 
Published: November 2012

Silicon oxynitride (SiON) films of ~1 μm thickness were made by dip coating and subsequent thermal treatment of a preceramic polymer: perhydropolysilazane (PHPS). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to analyze the surface of a series of SiON films annealed in air between room temperature and 800°C. Results reveal that the progressive changes in the bonding states of silicon, oxygen, and nitrogen due to different degrees of annealing lead to a systematic evolution of atomic ratios of the films. It is shown that PHPS forms a unique amorphous SiOxNy material upon annealing in air up to 800°C with evolving compositions, instead of a mixture of Si3N4 and SiO2.
Luminal uptake of Vibrio (Listonella) anguillarum by shed enterocytes – a novel early defence strategy in larval fish
Authors: Rekecki A , Ringø E , Olsen R , Myklebust R , Dierckens K , Bergh Ø , Laureau S , Cornelissen M , Ducatelle R , Decostere A , Bossier P , Van den Broeck W 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAs adhesion and translocation through fish gut enterocytes of the pathogen Vibrio (Listonella) anguillarum are not well investigated, the effective cause of disease and mortality outbreaks in larval sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, suffering from vibriosis is unknown. We detected V. anguillarum within the gut of experimentally infected gnotobiotic sea bass larvae using transmission electron microscopy and immunogold labelling. Intact bacteria were observed in close contact with the apical brush border in the gut lumen. Enterocytes contained lysosomes positive for protein A‐gold particles suggesting intracellular elimination of bacterial fragments. Shed intestinal cells were regularly visualized in the gut lumen in late stages of exposure. Some of the luminal cells showed invagination and putative engulfment of bacterial structures by pseudopod‐like formations. The engulfed structures were positive for protein A‐colloidal gold indicating that these structures were V. anguillarum. Immunogold positive thread‐like structures secreted by V. anguillarum suggested the presence of outer membrane vesicles (MVs) hypothesizing that MVs are potent transporters of active virulence factors to sea bass gut cells suggestive for a substantial role in biofilm formation and pathogenesis. We put forward the hypothesis that MVs are important in the pathogenesis of V. anguillarum in sea bass larvae.
Intramuscular architecture of the autochthonous back muscles in humans
Authors: Stark Heiko , Fröber Rosemarie , Schilling Nadja 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMany training concepts take muscle properties such as contraction speed or muscle topography into account to achieve an optimal training outcome. Thus far, the internal architecture of muscles has largely been neglected, although it is well known that parameters such as pennation angles or the lengths of fascicles but also the proportions of fleshy and tendinous fascicle parts have a major impact on the contraction behaviour of a muscle. Here, we present the most detailed description of the intramuscular fascicle architecture of the human perivertebral muscles available so far. For this, one adult male cadaver was studied. Our general approach was to digitize the geometry of each fascicle of the muscles of back proper (Erector spinae) – the Spinalis thoracis, Iliocostalis lumborum, Longissimus thoracis and the Multifidus thoracis et lumborum – and of the deep muscles of the abdomen – Psoas minor, Psoas major and Quadratus lumborum – during a layerwise dissection. Architectural parameters such as fascicle angles to the sagittal and the frontal planes as well as fascicle lengths were determined for each fascicle, and are discussed regarding their consequences for the function of the muscle. For example, compared with the other dorsovertebral muscles, the Longissimus thoracis can produce greater shortening distances because of its relatively long fleshy portions, and it can store more elastic energy due to both its relatively long fleshy and tendinous fascicle portions. The Quadratus lumborum was outstanding because of its many architectural subunits defined by distinct attachment sites and fascicle lengths. The presented database will improve biomechanical models of the human trunk by allowing the incorporation of anisotropic muscle properties such as the fascicle direction into finite element models. This information will help to increase our understanding of the functionality of the human back musculature, and may thereby improve future training concepts.
An analysis of the implant‐supported overdenture in the edentulous mandible
Authors: Chen K.‐W. , Lin T.‐M. , Liu P.‐R. , Ramp L. C. , Lin H.‐J. , Wu C.‐T. , Pan Y.‐H. 
Published: November 2012

SummaryThis investigation examined the cumu‐lative survival rate of the implant‐supported overdenture using two types of attachments in patients treated at Show Chwan Memorial Hospital Implant Center from 1992 to 2006. Fifty‐one patients (30 men and 21 women) were treated with mandibular implant‐supported overdentures. Attachment systems used were the Hader bar with bilateral, cast ERA attachments (Group A, 31 patients with 15 men and 16 women, 134 implants) and the Hader bar with bilateral, distal extension cantilevers (Group B, 20 patients with 15 men and 5 women, 85 implants). Two hundred and four implants remained at the end of the follow‐up period. Among failed implants, 10 implants were in Group A (failure rate: 10/134 = 7·5%), whereas five implants were in Group B (failure rate: 5/85 = 5·9%). Sixty‐six point seven per cent (10/15) of failed implants were placed in the distal anterior mandible, and 33·3% (5/15) were placed in the middle anterior mandible. Survival was also examined with respect to condition of the opposing arch. Patients wearing a maxillary removable partial denture had the highest implant failure rate (5/51 = 9·8%), whereas the failure rate of the maxillary complete denture group was only 5·7%. The most frequent need for maintenance was wear over patrix component of ERA or Hader clip (n = 56). Eight patients experienced connector fracture between ERA and Hader bar, and one experienced distal extension cantilever fracture. The implant‐supported overdenture can be an effective and reliable alternative to the conventional complete mandibular denture. Fewer prosthetic complications were seen in overdentures retained with distal extension cantilever attachments.
Integrating applied ecology and planning policy: the case of micro‐turbines and wildlife conservation
Authors: Park Kirsty J. , Turner Alex , Minderman Jeroen 
Published: November 2012

Summary

For applied ecology to have real‐world impact, collaboration between scientists, policy makers and industry is crucial. To demonstrate this, we present a case study of the planning process for micro‐wind turbines (units generating <50 kW) in the UK. Micro‐turbines are now routinely installed in many European countries and the USA, and in spite of the rapid growth in numbers, there has been little study of their impact on wildlife. Consequently, the evidence‐base upon which to establish planning guidance is very limited.
Using the situation in the UK as an example, we show that (i) the planning process for micro‐turbines varies widely among local authorities; (ii) a lack of data on their effects on wildlife makes interpretation of ecological surveys problematic; and (iii) recent changes to the planning process, designed to permit installation of micro‐turbines in some contexts without requiring planning permission, are unlikely to change this status quo.
Synthesis and applications. We argue that (i) further research on the effects of micro‐turbines on wildlife should take into account the needs of stakeholders, in particular, with regard to how effects may vary in different contexts; (ii) better planning guidance should be developed urgently, incorporating all available evidence and identifying further research needs; and (iii) a working group including representatives from the turbine industry, ecologists, policy makers and statutory bodies should be set up to streamline this process. These recommendations provide a starting point for on‐the‐ground turbine installers, planners and ecologists, and a way forward for managing the future planning process for micro‐turbines.
Evaluation of Tomato Hybrids Carrying Ty‐1 and Ty‐2 Loci to Japanese Monopartite Begomovirus Species
Authors: Shahid Muhammad Shafiq , Ito Takuya , Kimbara Junji , Onozato Ayumu , Natsuaki Keiko T. , Ikegami Masato 
Published: November 2012

AbstractTobacco leaf curl Japan virus, Honeysuckle yellow vein mosaic virus and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus are three begomoviruses that infect tomato crops in Japan. Tomato infection by begomoviruses has increased in Japan after the development of a high level of resistance to certain insecticides in some populations of the vector B. tabaci biotypes ‘B and Q’. Ty‐1 and Ty‐2 homozygous tomato hybrids were evaluated for reaction to monopartite begomovirus species in Japan by Agrobacterium‐mediated inoculation. Test plants were evaluated by a disease assessment scale (DAS), varying from 1 = no symptoms to 4 = severe symptoms, and systemic infection was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using specific begomovirus primers for each virus. Ty‐1 hybrids showed tolerance to HYVMV and with a large number of plants being neither virus‐free nor symptom‐free. The response of Ty‐1 hybrids was also resistant to moderately resistant against TbLCJV. The response of Ty‐2 hybrids was resistant to highly resistant against the three monopartite begomoviruses, when compared with susceptible plants.
Population genomic signatures of divergent adaptation, gene flow and hybrid speciation in the rapid radiation ofLakeVictoria cichlid fishes
Authors: Keller I. , Wagner C. E. , Greuter L. , Mwaiko S. , Selz O. M. , Sivasundar A. , Wittwer S. , Seehausen O. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractAdaptive radiations are an important source of biodiversity and are often characterized by many speciation events in very short succession. It has been proposed that the high speciation rates in these radiations may be fuelled by novel genetic combinations produced in episodes of hybridization among the young species. The role of such hybridization events in the evolutionary history of a group can be investigated by comparing the genealogical relationships inferred from different subsets of loci, but such studies have thus far often been hampered by shallow genetic divergences, especially in young adaptive radiations, and the lack of genome‐scale molecular data. Here, we use a genome‐wide sampling ofSNPs identified within restriction site–associatedDNA(RAD) tags to investigate the genomic consistency of patterns of shared ancestry and adaptive divergence among five sympatric cichlid species of two genera,PundamiliaandMbipia, which form part of the massive adaptive radiation of cichlids in theEastAfricanLakeVictoria. Species pairs differ along several axes: male nuptial colouration, feeding ecology, depth distribution, as well as the morphological traits that distinguish the two genera and more subtle morphological differences. Using outlier scan approaches, we identify signals of divergent selection between all species pairs with a number of loci showing parallel patterns in replicated contrasts either between genera or between male colour types. We then createSNPsubsets that we expect to be characterized to different extents by selection history and neutral processes and describe phylogenetic and population genetic patterns across these subsets. These analyses reveal very different evolutionary histories for different regions of the genome. To explain these results, we propose at least two intergeneric hybridization events (betweenMbipiaspp. andPundamiliaspp.) in the evolutionary history of these five species that would have lead to the evolution of novel trait combinations and new species.
Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy via Turbuhaler versus fixed‐dose budesonide/formoterol plus terbutaline in patients with asthma: Phase III study results
Authors: ATIENZA TITO , AQUINO TERESITA , FERNÁNDEZ MARCELO , BOONSAWAT WATCHARA , KAWAI MITSURU , KUDO TAKAHIDE , Ekelund Jan , Ivanov Stefan , Carlsson Lars‐Goran 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBackground and objectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of budesonide/formoterol as maintenance and reliever therapy versus budesonide/formoterol maintenance plus terbutaline in adults with persistent asthma not adequately controlled with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy alone.MethodsIn this 12‐month, randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group, phase III study (NCT00839800), patients (age ≥16 years; receiving maintenance ICS; ≥1 severe exacerbation in the 12 months prior to study entry) were randomized to either budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5 μg 1 inhalation twice daily plus budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5 μg as‐needed or budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5 μg 1 inhalation twice daily plus terbutaline 0.4 mg as‐needed for 12 months. Primary outcome: time to first severe asthma exacerbation; secondary outcomes included: lung function, asthma symptom variables and tolerability.ResultsTwo thousand and ninety‐one patients were randomized: 170 (16%) receiving budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy experienced 259 severe exacerbations versus 229 patients (22%) receiving budesonide/formoterol plus terbutaline who experienced 363 severe exacerbations. Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy prolonged the time to first severe exacerbation versus budesonide/formoterol plus terbutaline (P = 0.0007) and reduced the instantaneous risk of an exacerbation by 30% (hazard ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.57–0.85, P = 0.0003). Times to first oral steroid use, first hospitalization and first emergency room treatment were all significantly prolonged in the budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever group versus budesonide/formoterol plus terbutaline. Both treatment groups were well tolerated.ConclusionsBudesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy provided more effective asthma control, including a prolonged time to first severe asthma exacerbation, than budesonide/formoterol plus terbutaline and was well tolerated. Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy also improved lung function and asthma symptoms.
Improving patient follow-up after inpatient stay
Authors: Wimble Katie , Yeong Keefai 
Published: November 2012

AbstractFollow-up is a vital part of ongoing patient safety. It allows for subsequent investigations to be checked and acted upon, encourages specialist review of patients and ensures that patients with chronic conditions receive the appropriate secondary care input. This study aims to highlight and quantify current problems with how follow-up arrangements are made within our hospital and provide a suitable solution to ensure that these problems are minimised. 20 sets of clinical notes were analysed for plans of follow-up and then compared with the discharge summaries produced. Hospital computer systems were used to find out which interventions happened, and when, to get the baseline data. A simple follow-up prompt sheet was introduced and a further 20 sets of notes were audited to complete the study. Patient follow-up improved after the introduction of a simple follow-up prompt sheet but highlighted the need for a complete change in the way follow up is arranged at our hospital. There is a need for an online system for requesting follow-up appointments in our hospital. This is vital given the 24 hour environment that we work in with many patients being discharged out of normal working hours. This is currently being discussed with management and we hope that the introduction will be imminent to improve the future safety of all patients.
BICROSSPRODUCTS OF ALGEBRAIC QUANTUM GROUPS
Authors: DELVAUX L. , VAN DAELE A. , WANG S. H. 
Published: November 2012

Let A and B be two algebraic quantum groups. Assume that B is a right A-module algebra and that A is a left B-comodule coalgebra. If the action and coaction are matched, it is possible to define a coproduct Δ# on the smash product A#B making the pair (A#B, Δ#) into an algebraic quantum group. In this paper we study the various data of the bicrossproduct A#B, such as the modular automorphisms, the modular elements, … and we obtain formulas in terms of the data of the components A and B. Secondly, we look at the dual of A#B (in the sense of algebraic quantum groups) and we show it is itself a bicrossproduct (of the second type) of the duals [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We give some examples that are typical for algebraic quantum groups. In particular, we focus on the extra structure, provided by the integrals and associated objects. It should be mentioned that with examples of bicrossproducts of algebraic quantum groups, we do get examples that are essentially different from those commonly known in Hopf algebra theory.
Systemic comorbidities in bronchiectasis
Authors: Gale Nichola S , Bolton Charlotte E , Duckers Jamie M , Enright Stephanie , Cockcroft John R , Shale Dennis J 
Published: November 2012

Bronchiectasis is a chronic inflammatory lung disease, which has similarities to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Comorbidities of COPD include increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease, loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, all linked to systemic inflammation. The potential for such comorbidities has not been explored in bronchiectasis. We hypothesised that patients with bronchiectasis would have similar increased comorbidities. A total of 20 patients with noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis were compared to 20 controls similar in age, gender and smoking exposure. Assessments included aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV; (a measure of arterial stiffness and an independent predictor of CV risk), blood pressure (BP) as well as levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), albumin, fasting glucose and lipids. Body composition (fat free mass index (FFMI)), BMD, the 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and self-reported physical activity were also determined. Patients with bronchiectasis had increased aortic PWV, 10.5 (3.0) m/second, when compared with controls, 8.8 (1.6) m/second ( p < 0.05), despite similar central and peripheral BP and lipid profile. Patients also had increased IL-6 and reduced albumin and glucose. Although mean body mass index, FFMI and BMD were similar in patients and controls, only 20% of patients had a healthy BMD compared with 50% of controls. Patients had reduced 6MWD and reported less physical activity ( p < 0.05). Patients with bronchiectasis had increased arterial stiffness (an indicator of increased CV risk), increased inflammation, reduced exercise capacity and bone thinning. These additional comorbidities require further evaluation for their management in these patients.
Statistical protein quantification and significance analysis in label-free LC-MS experiments with complex designs
Authors: Clough Timothy , Thaminy Safia , Ragg Susanne , Aebersold Ruedi , Vitek Olga 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

Background
Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is widely used for quantitative proteomic investigations. The typical output of such studies is a list of identified and quantified peptides. The biological and clinical interest is, however, usually focused on quantitative conclusions at the protein level. Furthermore, many investigations ask complex biological questions by studying multiple interrelated experimental conditions. Therefore, there is a need in the field for generic statistical models to quantify protein levels even in complex study designs.

Results
We propose a general statistical modeling approach for protein quantification in arbitrary complex experimental designs, such as time course studies, or those involving multiple experimental factors. The approach summarizes the quantitative experimental information from all the features and all the conditions that pertain to a protein. It enables both protein significance analysis between conditions, and protein quantification in individual samples or conditions. We implement the approach in an open-source R-based software package suitable for researchers with a limited statistics and programming background.

Conclusions
We demonstrate, using as examples two experimental investigations with complex designs, that a simultaneous statistical modeling of all the relevant features and conditions yields a higher sensitivity of protein significance analysis and a higher accuracy of protein quantification as compared to commonly employed alternatives. The software is available at http://www.stat.purdue.edu/~ovitek/Software.html.