bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative chemotherapy use after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer: Analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare data, 1998‐2007
Authors: Haynes Alex B. , You Y. Nancy , Hu Chung‐Yuan , Eng Cathy , Kopetz E. Scott , Rodriguez‐Bigas Miguel A. , Skibber John M. , Cantor Scott B. , Chang George J. 
Published: January 2014

BACKGROUNDNeoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by tumor resection and postoperative chemotherapy is the standard of care for patients with clinical stage II or III adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Significant variation exists in the receipt of postoperative chemotherapy after resection in this population. The objective of this study was to determine the demographic and clinicopathologic factors associated with the initiation of postoperative chemotherapy in elderly patients with rectal cancer and to identify potential targets for reducing treatment variation.METHODSA retrospective cohort study was performed of patients with rectal cancer ages 66 to 80 years who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and underwent radical resection in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results‐linked Medicare database (1998‐2007). Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess chemotherapy use in relation to patient, tumor, and treatment response characteristics.RESULTSAmong 1492 patients who met the study criteria, 61.5% received adjuvant therapy with 5‐fluorouracil. Pathologic stage was the strongest determinant of whether patients received postoperative chemotherapy (48.3% of patients with stage I disease, 59.6% of patients with stage II disease, and 77.6% of patients with stage III disease). Increasing age and postoperative readmission also were associated significantly with a decreased rate of adjuvant therapy initiation.CONCLUSIONSAlthough standard treatment guidelines for locally advanced rectal cancer include postoperative chemotherapy for all patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and radical resection, greater than 1 in 3 patients failed to receive adjuvant therapy. Despite the absence of established evidence, treatment decisions appear to be influenced by the findings at surgical pathology. Cancer 2014;120:1162–1170. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
A phase 1/pharmacokinetic study of sunitinib in combination with highly active antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus‐positive patients with cancer: AIDS Malignancy Consortium trial AMC 061
Authors: Rudek Michelle A. , Moore Page C. , Mitsuyasu Ronald T. , Dezube Bruce J. , Aboulafia David , Gerecitano John , Sullivan Ryan , Cianfrocca Mary E. , Henry David H. , Ratner Lee , Haigentz Missak , Dowlati Afshin , Little Richard F. , Ivy Susan Percy , Deeken John F. 
Published: January 2014

BACKGROUNDThe treatment of non–acquired immunodeficiency syndrome‐defining cancers may be complicated by drug interactions between highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and chemotherapy. This trial is the first by the AIDS Malignancy Consortium to assess targeted therapies and HAART in human immunodeficiency virus‐positive patients (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00890747).METHODSIn a modified phase 1 study of sunitinib, patients were stratified into 2 treatment arms based on whether they were receiving therapy with ritonavir, a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor. Patients in treatment arm 1 (non‐ritonavir HAART) received standard sunitinib dosing (50 mg/day). Treatment arm 2 (ritonavir‐based HAART) used a phase 1, 3 + 3 dose escalation design (from 25 mg/day to 50 mg/day). Cycles were comprised of 4 weeks on treatment followed by a 2‐week break (6 weeks total). The pharmacokinetics of sunitinib and its active metabolite (N‐desethyl sunitinib) were assessed.RESULTSNineteen patients were enrolled and were evaluable. Patients on treatment arm 1 tolerated treatment with no dose‐limiting toxicity observed. In treatment arm 2, a dose‐limiting toxicity was experienced at a dose of 37.5 mg, and an additional 3 of 5 patients experienced grade 3 neutropenia (toxicity graded as per National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [version 4.0]), an uncommon toxicity of sunitinib. No patient achieved a response, but 10 patients had stable disease, including 8 with prolonged disease stability. Efavirenz, a potent inducer of CYP3A4, resulted in increased exposure of N‐desethyl sunitinib, whereas ritonavir caused decreased exposure of the metabolite. Hand‐foot syndrome was associated with higher steady‐state trough concentrations of sunitinib.CONCLUSIONSPatients receiving non–ritonavir‐based HAART regimens tolerated standard dosing of sunitinib. Patients receiving ritonavir‐based therapy who were treated with a dose of 37.5 mg/day experienced higher toxicities. Dose reductions of sunitinib to 37.5 mg may be warranted in patients receiving ritonavir. Cancer 2014;120:1194–1202. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Length of intervals between epidemics: evaluating the influence of maternal transfer of immunity
Authors: Garnier Romain , Gandon Sylvain , Harding Karin C. , Boulinier Thierry 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe length of intervals between epidemic outbreaks of infectious diseases is critical in epidemiology. In several species of marine mammals and birds, it is pivotal to also consider the life history of the species of concern, as the contact rate between individuals can have a seasonal flux, for example, due to aggregations during the breeding season. Recently, particular interest has been given to the role of the dynamics of immunity in determining the intervals between epidemics in wild animal populations. One potentially powerful, but often neglected, process in this context is the maternal transfer of immunity. Here, we explore theoretically how the transfer of maternal antibodies can delay the recurrence of epidemics using Phocine Distemper in harbor seals as an example of a system in which epidemic outbreaks are followed by pathogen extinction. We show that the presence of temporarily protected newborns can significantly increase the predicted interval between epidemics, and this effect is strongly dependent on the degree of synchrony in the breeding season. Furthermore, we found that stochasticity in the onset of epidemics in combination with maternally acquired immunity increases the predicted intervals between epidemics even more. These effects arise because newborns with maternal antibodies temporarily boost population level immunity above the threshold of herd immunity, particularly when breeding is synchronous. Overall, our results show that maternal antibodies can have a profound influence on the dynamics of wildlife epidemics, notably in gregarious species such as many marine mammals and seabirds.
4‐(1‐Amino‐5‐aminotetrazolyl)methyleneimino‐3‐methylfuroxan and Its Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, and Energetic Properties
Authors: Tang Yongxing , Yang Hongwei , Shen Jianhua , Wu Bo , Ju Xuehai , Lu Chunxu , Cheng Guangbin 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe condensation reaction of 4‐formyl‐3‐methylfuroxan with 1,5‐diaminotetrazole led to 4‐(1‐amino‐5‐aminotetrazolyl)methyleneimino‐3‐methylfuroxan (1) in high yield. Its structure was confirmed by an X‐ray diffraction study. 4‐(1‐Amino‐5‐nitriminotetrazolyl)methyleneimino‐3‐methylfuroxan (2) was obtained through the nitration of 1 with 100 % HNO3. The nitrogen‐rich salts of 2 with bases such as 1‐amino‐1,2,3‐triazole (3), 4‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole (4), and 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole (5) were synthesized and characterized by IR, Raman, and NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. In addition, the structures of 2, 4, and 5 were further confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses. Compound 5 decomposes at 183 °C, whereas 3 and 4 are less stable and decompose at 139 and 164 °C, respectively. The heats of formation, detonation parameters, and impact sensitivity of 1–5 were investigated by theoretical and experimental methods.
Formation of a Magnetically Coupled Neutral [4×4] Square Grid from a 2,6‐Pyridinedicarbaldehyde Bis(hydrazone) Ligand
Authors: Adhikary Amit , Goswami Soumyabrata , Sheikh Javeed Ahmad , Konar Sanjit 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe synthesis, characterization, magnetic properties, and magnetostructural correlation of a square‐grid complex having the molecular formula [Cu16L18](dmf)3 (1) {H4L1 = 2,6‐bis[(3‐methoxysalicylidene)hydrazinecarbonyl]pyridine} is described. Reaction of the H4L1 ligand and the Cu2+ salt generates complex 1, which exhibits a rare grid structure with a [4×4] metallic core of Cu2+. Structural studies revealed a mixed coordination geometry around the Cu2+ core. The molecule has a fourfold rotational axis and one inversion center. Magnetic investigations showed the coexistence of both ferro‐ and antiferromagnetic spin exchanges, though antiferromagnetic exchange dominates over ferromagnetic coupling in the low‐temperature region.
One‐Pot Tandem Strecker Reaction and Iminocyclisations: Syntheses of Trihydroxypiperidine α‐Iminonitriles
Authors: Ayers Benjamin J. , Fleet George W. J. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractUnbranched, and α‐ and β‐methyl‐branched, trihydroxypiperidine α‐iminonitriles have been obtained in a single step from protected 5‐O‐tosylate pentoses. This reaction comprises a one‐pot tandem Strecker reaction and iminocyclisation. These trihydroxypiperidine α‐iminonitriles are precursors to trihydroxypipecolic acids. No formation of pyrrolidine products was observed.
Ultrasensitive Immunoassay Based on Amplified Inhibition of the Electrochemical Stripping Signal of Silver Nanocomposite by Silica Nanoprobe
Authors: Yin Cuiying , Lai Guosong , Fu Li , Zhang Haili , Yu Aimin 
Published: January 2014

AbstractA silver nanocomposite was one‐step synthesized in chitosan solution and used to prepare an immunosensor with the aid of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) assembly. The Ag NPs at the immunosensor exhibited sensitive electrochemical stripping signal in KCl solution. After a sandwich immunoreaction, the current response of the immunosensor decreased due to the formation of antibody‐antigen immunocomplex on its surface, which was greatly amplified by the captured silica nanoprobes and thus enabled an ultrasensitive electrochemical immunoassay method. This method showed excellent analytical performance for human IgG measurement including wide linear range, low detection limit, cheap cost, satisfactory reproducibility and stability.
crs: A PACKAGE FOR NONPARAMETRIC SPLINE ESTIMATION IN R
Authors: Ho Anson T.Y. , Huynh Kim P. , Jacho‐Chávez David T. 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYcrs is a library for R written by Jeffrey S. Racine (Maintainer) and Zhenghua Nie. This add‐on package provides a collection of functions for spline‐based nonparametric estimation of regression functions with both continuous and categorical regressors. Currently, the crs package integrates data‐driven methods for selecting the spline degree, the number of knots and the necessary bandwidths for nonparametric conditional mean, IV and quantile regression. A function for multivariate density spline estimation with mixed data is also currently in the works. As a bonus, the authors have also provided the first simple R interface to the NOMAD (‘nonsmooth mesh adaptive direct search’) optimization solver which can be applied to solve other mixed integer optimization problems that future users might find useful in other settings. Although the crs package shares some of the same functionalities as its kernel‐based counterpart—the np package by the same author—it currently lacks some of the features the np package provides, such as hypothesis testing and semiparametric estimation. However, what it lacks in breadth, crs makes up in speed. A Monte Carlo experiment in this review uncovers sizable speed gains compared to its np counterpart, with a marginal loss in terms of goodness of fit. Therefore, the package will be extremely useful for applied econometricians interested in employing nonparametric techniques using large amounts of data with a small number of discrete covariates. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Establishing radiation therapy advanced practice in New Zealand
Authors: Coleman Karen , Jasperse Marieke , Herst Patries , Yielder Jill 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIntroductionAdvanced practice (AP) is of increasing interest to many radiation therapists (RTs) both nationally and internationally. In New Zealand, initial research (2005–2008) showed strong support for the development of an AP role for medical radiation technologists (MRTs). Here, we report on a nationwide survey in which RTs validated and prioritised nine AP profiles for future development.MethodsAll registered RTs in New Zealand (n = 260) were invited to take part in a survey in December 2011; 73 of whom returned a complete response.ResultsRTs supported the implementation of AP roles in New Zealand and the requirement of a Master's degree qualification to underpin clinical knowledge. Most RTs endorsed the criteria attributed to each of the nine proposed AP profiles. The study identified that activities may qualify as either advanced practice or standard practice depending on the department. All participants agreed that an advanced practitioner should be a leader in the field, able to initiate and facilitate future developments within as well as outside this specific role. Acceptance of the AP roles by RTs and other health professionals as well as the availability of resources for successful implementation, were concerns expressed by some RTs.ConclusionThe authors recommend (1) the development of one scope of practice titled ‘advanced practitioner’ with generic and specialist criteria for each profile as the future career pathway, (2) promotion and support for the AP pathway by the New Zealand Institute of Medical Radiation Technology and the New Zealand Medical Radiation Technologists Board.
Magnetostriction strain measurement and its application for the numerical deformation calculation of a transformer
Authors: Gorji Ghalamestani S. , Vandevelde L. , Dirckx J. , Melkebeek J. 
Published: January 2014

SUMMARYAttempts to lower the noise of electrical machines in general and the noise of transformers in particular have gained more attention during the last years. The deformation of the magnetised ferromagnetic materials, known as magnetostriction, is a significant contributor to this noise. The aim of this work is to model such deformation by means of numerical tools. To this end, first the magnetostrictive behaviour of the material is required to apply it further for the calculations. We start with an overview of the magnetostriction strain measurement setups developed at the Electrical Energy Laboratory of Ghent University. A recently developed setup using a heterodyne laser interferometer is compared with a strain gauge setup that has been developed in the past. The results obtained by the laser setup prove to have a higher accuracy than those obtained by the strain gauge setup. In the next step, the laser measurement results are applied to the numerical magnetostrictive deformation technique. Such technique is based on finite element approach and requires a model of the magnetostrictive behaviour of the core material, which is made on the basis of the experimental results. For the computation, continuum description of magnetoelastic materials based on Chu model formulations is considered. In this method, a set of forces are introduced, which in fact induce the same strain in the material as the magnetostriction does. Applying the measurement results obtained by the laser setup in the computation method enables us to better identify the core deformation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generic high‐frequency small‐signal look‐up table model extraction for Si–Ge heterojunction bipolar transistors
Authors: Homayouni Seyed Majid , Nauwelaers Bart , Schreurs Dominique M. M.‐P. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to provide a generic and versatile small‐signal look‐up table model extraction approach for Si―Ge heterojunction bipolar transistors. In this paper, parameter extraction at high frequencies, especially in the millimeter‐wave region, is described. The approach is experimentally demonstrated on a Si―Ge heterojunction bipolar transistor with eight fingers and the emitter size of 0.18 × 0.84 µm2. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification and characterization of the process‐related impurities in fasudil hydrochloride by hyphenated techniques using a quality by design approach
Authors: Song Min , Chen Yue‐Qin , Lu Ping‐Bo , Hang Tai‐Jun 
Published: January 2014

Following the underlying principles of quality by design mentioned in the ICH Q8 guidance, systematic approaches for the control of process‐related impurities have been taken in the manufacturing process of fasudil hydrochloride, a potent Rho‐kinase inhibitor and vasodilator. Three related impurities were found in fasudil hydrochloride lab samples by a newly developed RP‐HPLC with volatile mobile phase gradient elution and UV detection method. The elemental compositions of the impurities were determined by positive ESI high‐resolution TOF‐MS analysis of their [M + H]+ ions and their structures were identified through the elucidation of the product mass spectra obtained by a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The key impurity was further verified through synthesis and organic spectroscopy including NMR and IR spectroscopy. The origins of these impurities were located and the effective approaches to eliminate them were proposed based on the redesign of the synthetic conditions. The results obtained are important for quality control in the manufacture of fasudil hydrochloride bulk drug substance and injection.
Changes in Sleep Disruption in the Treatment of Co‐Occurring Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorders
Authors: McHugh R. Kathryn , Hu Mei‐Chen , Campbell Aimee N. C. , Hilario E. Yvette , Weiss Roger D. , Hien Denise A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractSleep disruption appears not only to reflect a symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but also a unique vulnerability for its development and maintenance. Studies examining the impact of psychosocial treatments for PTSD on sleep symptoms are few and no studies to date of which we are aware have examined this question in samples with co‐occurring substance use disorders. The current study is a secondary analysis of a large clinical trial comparing 2 psychological treatments for co‐occurring PTSD and substance use disorders. Women (N = 353) completed measures of PTSD at baseline, end of treatment, and 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐month follow‐ups. Results indicated that the prevalence of insomnia, but not nightmares, decreased during treatment, and that 63.8% of participants reported at least 1 clinical‐level sleep symptom at the end of treatment. Improvement in sleep symptoms during treatment was associated with better overall PTSD outcomes over time, χ2(1) = 33.81, p < .001. These results extend the existing literature to suggest that residual sleep disruption following PTSD treatment is common in women with co‐occurring PTSD and substance use disorders. Research on the benefits of adding sleep‐specific intervention for those with residual sleep disruption in this population may be a promising future direction.
Slot cut printed elliptical UWB monopole antenna
Authors: Ray K. P. , Thakur S. S. , Deshmukh A. A. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTA novel compact ultra‐wideband slot cut elliptical printed monopole antenna is proposed. The measured bandwidth (BW) from 1.6 GHz to more than 22 GHz (>170%) has been obtained. The gain, radiation efficiency and radiation patterns, over the entire BW, remain similar to that of a printed elliptical monopole antenna with reasonable agreement between simulated and measured results. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:631–635, 2014
A fiber‐optic alcohol sensor based on surface plasmon resonance
Authors: Lin Yu‐Cheng 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTA fiber‐optic alcohol sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology is demonstrated. The sensing device is a multimode optical fiber in which half the core was polished away and a thin‐film layer of gold was deposited. We theoretically and experimentally analyzed the SPR performance in alcohol sensing. The measured SPR spectrum shows good agreement with the simulated curve. The maximum SPR efficiency is about 24% at resonant wavelength 0.63 µm. In addition, a dynamic experiment was used to verify the good performance for our fiber‐optic alcohol sensor in real‐time detection. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:766–769, 2014
A bidirectional transceiver using a compact DPDT switch for Q‐band phase array system
Authors: Lee Jong‐Wook , Ho Van Phu Quang , Arriola Carlos Humberto 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTA Q‐band bidirectional transceiver has been designed and fabricated for millimeter‐wave CMOS phase array systems. The proposed design replaces several switches previously required for a bidirectional approach with a compact double‐pole double‐throw switch. Phase shifting is performed in 90° step using a high‐pass/low‐pass structure, and the transceiver demonstrates a highly linear phase response. Over the frequency of 35 to 40 GHz, the measured root‐mean‐square phase error is <5.5° and <12.1° for transmitter and receiver paths, respectively. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:552–555, 2014
UHF RFID feasibility research: The endless possibilities and challenges of item‐level tagging in a retail store
Authors: Van Assche Toon , Weyn Maarten , Vercauteren Charles 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThis article investigates the effects of the environment on ultrahigh frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tags in both the near‐field and far‐field. Item‐level tagging has always been challenging due to the negative impact of metals on RFID. Full‐scale RFID item‐level tagging has always been difficult to integrate in retail (department) stores. This UHF RFID feasibility research examines the technical differences between near‐field and far‐field coupling by testing theoretical hypotheses through empirical experiments. These experiments are based on a specific case‐study, where a distributor wants to tag multimedia objects. Based on the results obtained, we found that metal had less effect on the RFID tags in the near‐field than in the far‐field. In both cases the RFID tag was not readable, when placed directly onto metal. When the multimedia object itself was tagged, the reading range decreased to around half the free‐space reading range in near‐field and far‐field. We can conclude that the RFID implementation in the retail store is feasible, but depends to a large extent on the product and its environment. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:718–727, 2014
Calculation of resonant frequencies of a shorting pin‐loaded ETMA with ANN
Authors: Can Sultan , Kapusuz Kamil Yavuz , Aydin Elif 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis article describes an artificial neural network (ANN) model to accurately estimate the lower and upper operating frequencies of a shorting pin‐loaded dual‐band equilateral triangular microstrip antenna. A multilayer feed forward network is used for training in this ANN‐based model. The results obtained from this study are compared with other theoretical and measured results from the available literature. The average percentage error for both upper and lower frequencies is 1%, which corresponds to a considerable improvement achieved over the recent study, having the most accurate results. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:660–663, 2014