bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermoreactive nitinol clips: Propensity score comparison with Robicsek technique
Authors: Sarıkaya Sabit , Aksoy Eray , Özen Yücel , Dedemoğlu Mehmet , Özgür Mustafa Mert , Büyükbayrak Fuat , Kırali Kaan 
Published: September 2014

Objective To compare the use of thermoreactive nitinol clips with the classic Robicsek technique for treatment of sternal dehiscence after cardiac surgery. Methods Eighty-two (2.3%) of 3564 open heart surgery patients underwent reoperation for sternal dehiscence between October 2011 and 2012. Prospectively collected data from 26 (31%) consecutive patients who underwent reoperation using thermoreactive nitinol clips were compared with those of a retrospective cohort of 42 (51.2%) who were treated with the classic Robicsek technique. To overcome baseline and operative variations, we constructed a propensity model using logistic regression. Results Overall mortality occurred in 3 (5%) patients and a second revision was performed in 2 (7.7%) in the nitinol clip group and 2 (6.3%) in the control group ( p > 0.05). Postoperative results were similar except for the mean time of operation which was significantly shorter in the nitinol clip group, and patients in this group required substernal dissection slightly less frequently than those in the control group. Conclusions Thermoreactive nitinol clips allow the surgeon to perform a rapid and less challenging technique for sternal reoperations, without additional complications. Using this technique in an identical group with a finite sample size, we accomplished similar early results to those of the classic Robicsek technique.
The effects of explicit instruction on French-speaking kindergarteners’ understanding of stories
Authors: Pesco Diane , Devlin Christine 
Published: September 2014

The study examines the effects of a short period of explicit instruction on the narrative comprehension of French-speaking kindergarteners, as measured by story retell and comprehension questions. A group of kindergarteners that received explicit instruction ( n = 15) was compared to a control group that was exposed to the same storybooks and afterwards shared related experiences ( n = 15). In the explicit instruction group, comprehension was facilitated through instruction on story grammar, cause–effect relationships, and the internal states of characters. Instructional strategies included explanation, modelling of the identification of story components, guided practice, feedback, and the use of visuals to map story elements, depict causes and effects, and represent internal states. At posttest, children in the explicit instruction group had significantly higher scores on the retell task, as expected, but not on the comprehension questions, a finding we discuss in light of task demands. Although further investigation is needed, the retell results are consistent with findings by others, demonstrating the benefits of instruction on children’s narrative skills. The study is the first we are aware of to assess instruction of brief duration and for French-speaking children, and one of the very few to examine explicit instruction with kindergarteners, regardless of language. Narrative instruction of the kind reported here might be of particular interest to speech-language therapists given the benefits that accrue to children as well as the opportunities that such instruction provides for ‘push in’ service delivery and collaboration with classroom educators.
A wire transposition technique for recanalization of chronic complex central venous occlusions
Authors: Massmann A , Rostam A , Fries P , Buecker A 
Published: September 2014

Purpose A minimal-invasive interventional technique for recanalization of complex chronic central venous total occlusions is described to overcome difficulties in case of failure of common approaches. Method We present a patient with a central venous occlusion that caused severe venous congestion of her upper extremity and significant impairment of her forearm hemodialysis shunt. Since the usual transbrachial and transfemoral attempts for recanalization of occluded right subclavian, brachiocephalic, superior vena cava, and proximal internal jugular veins (IJV) failed, the approach was changed to a transjugular access. Only the IJV and subclavian vein occlusions were passed from transjugular. Results The key procedure was the switch of a jugular-brachial wire to a femoral-brachial setting. The wire transposition was achieved by snaring the looped stiff end of the jugular-brachial wire outside the jugular sheath from the opposite femoral access. Conclusion Different approaches should be considered for the recanalization of challenging central venous occlusions. After failed attempts via common access sites, a guidewire transposition maneuver using a combined approach may be particularly helpful for safe and effective endovascular treatment of complex situations.
Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood: A 10-year observational follow-up
Authors: Marcelli Vincenzo , Russo Antonio , Cristiano Elisabetta , Tessitore Alessandro 
Published: September 2014

Aim The aim of this article is to explore the progression of neurological, neuro-otological and cochlear features in benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV) in children over time and its relation with migraine, neuro-otological and cochlear disorders in adulthood. Methods From January 2002 to December 2002, 15 children with BPV were prospectively recruited and then evaluated during a 10-year observational follow-up. All patients underwent detailed neurological, neuro-otological and cochlear examinations during interictal phases. Six children were also studied during ictal periods. Results At first assessment, four children reported migraine with aura (MwA) and six children reported migraine without aura (MwoA). Neuro-otological examinations were abnormal in two of 15 children. Cochlear examinations were normal in all patients. During the 10-year follow-up, recurrent vestibular symptoms and/or MwA and/or MwoA have been observed in the children. Neuro-otological examinations were abnormal in three of 15 individuals during the interictal period, and abnormal in four out of six patients who were studied during the ictal period. Two patients developed cochlear signs and/or symptoms. Conclusions During the 10-year follow-up, a phenotype variability in BPV patients has been observed. Specifically, de novo cochlear signs and/or symptoms developed in children with BPV, suggesting that cochlear symptoms should be properly investigated in these patients over time.
Next Steps in TeamSTEPPS®
Authors: Clapper Timothy C. 
Published: September 2014

Purpose The purpose of this article is to propose a strategy for ensuing simulation training following the implementation of a thorough Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety (TeamSTEPPS®) training initiative. The strategies include observing Teams in the workplace to facilitate the construction of organization-wide, follow-on simulation training. Design/methodology/approach A review of organizational change and instructional design practices is presented to facilitate TeamSTEPPS® to its fullest. This article serves as a continuation of steps to full implementation following an initial article introducing TeamSTEPPS® and a second article identifying the challenges and opportunities for success during preliminary organization-wide training. Findings TeamSTEPPS® is a patient safety tool developed by the U.S. Department of Defense that is based on four competencies. The TeamSTEPPS® competencies and simulation can be used to create a just culture, which is based on effective teamwork and communication. However, full implementation and facilitation of a just culture requires health care organizations to consider reinforcement and next steps in training, along with a new way of thinking about the use of observation and simulation to facilitate organizational change. Research limitations/implications The literature contains large gaps concerning full implementation of TeamSTEPPS®. Very little has been published on how to implement TeamSTEPPS® throughout a health care organization, particularly articles based on good instructional design and organizational change principles. These gaps can lead to piecemeal implementation of TeamSTEPPS® with few positive results for the organization. Originality/value Many organizations have implemented TeamSTEPPS®, but have not conducted follow-on training that uses direct observation, debriefing, and simulation to address or strengthen specific behaviors.
The financial cost of managing tibial plateau fractures at a major trauma centre
Authors: Myatt Richard W , Miles Jack , Matharu Gulraj S , Cockshott Simon , Kendrew Jonathan 
Published: September 2014

Introduction: Tibial plateau fractures can be challenging to manage, and as such, they are often referred to tertiary referral centres for specialist input, and with the advent of Major Trauma Centres, this is likely to increase. The financial implications of this are unknown. The study aims were to: (1) analyse the cost of tibial plateau fracture management at a major trauma centre, (2) identify the proportion each aspect of the admission contributed to overall cost, and (3) investigate how tibial plateau fractures were coded. Patients and methods: A retrospective review of all patients presenting between July 2010 and October 2011 with a tibial plateau fracture was performed. Data were collected on all aspects of each patient’s admission. The cost for each part of the admission was obtained from the institution finance department with the total cost of treating tibial plateau fractures in each patient subsequently calculated. Results: Forty tibial plateau fractures were included (mean age 43.6 years; 70.0% male). Fractures occurred as a component of polytrauma in 37.5% with operative fixation performed in 65%. Mean total cost of treating tibial plateau fractures was £4941 with ward costs (57.6%) and operative costs (34.1%) accounting for the majority. Mean cost of managing fractures sustained in polytrauma (£3073) remained significantly higher ( p = 0.012) than those sustained in isolation (£1401) when excluding ward costs and adjusting for length of stay. This was true irrespective of Schatzker grade. No specific injury code was available for tibial plateau fractures. In patients sustaining polytrauma, the tibial plateau fracture was never coded as the primary injury, but instead using a subsidiary code, which attracted less remuneration. Conclusions: Tibial plateau fractures sustained during polytrauma incurred the highest costs. As ward costs contribute to the majority of overall cost, it is recommended that mechanisms are in place to facilitate early discharge back to referring centres or to provide remuneration for incurred admission costs once definitive fracture fixation has been performed. Hospital coding must be modified to more accurately reflect the injuries sustained.
Accuracy and awareness of lag screw placement when using the dynamic hip screw for fracture fixation
Authors: Matharu Gulraj S , Shahid Mohammad , Pynsent Paul B , Rowlands Tom 
Published: September 2014

Introduction Correct lag screw placement in the femoral head is important to prevent screw cut-out following dynamic hip screw (DHS) fracture fixation. The aim of the study was to determine the accuracy and awareness of lag screw placement when using the DHS for fracture fixation. Patients and methods A retrospective radiographic review of 238 DHS procedures (mean age 81.1 years; 76% female) performed at one centre was undertaken to determine the proportion of lag screws placed correctly (tip–apex distance (TAD) less than 25 mm and central femoral head lag screw position in both radiographic views). A questionnaire was also distributed to 102 orthopaedic surgeons to assess awareness of correct lag screw placement. Results Mean TAD for 238 procedures was 17.2 mm with specialist registrars performing 74%. Lag screws were correctly placed in 80% ( n = 190) with correct placement independent of surgeon grade ( p = 0.418), AO fracture classification ( p = 0.306) and contralateral femoral neck-shaft angle ( p = 0.748). This remained unchanged when 17 lag screws meeting the recommendations, but with an inferior position on the anteroposterior radiograph, were included as correctly placed. Surgeons correctly defined TAD, stated the recommended TAD and measured TAD correctly in 81%, 81% and 57%, respectively. Correct responses were independent of surgeon grade and number of procedures performed. Conclusions Although most lag screws were placed correctly, the questionnaire revealed that almost half of surgeons measured TAD incorrectly. Educating surgeons on the concepts related to correct lag screw placement and acquiring technical skills using surgical simulators may reduce the risk of screw cut-out in their practice.
Effective sample size for computing prior hyperparameters in Bayesian phase I–II dose-finding
Authors: Thall Peter F , Herrick Richard C , Nguyen Hoang Q , Venier John J , Norris J Clift 
Published: September 2014

Background: The efficacy–toxicity trade-off based design is a practical Bayesian phase I–II dose-finding methodology. Because the design’s performance is very sensitive to prior hyperparameters and the shape of the target trade-off contour, specifying these two design elements properly is essential. Purpose: The goals are to provide a method that uses elicited mean outcome probabilities to derive a prior that is neither overly informative nor overly disperse, and practical guidelines for specifying the target trade-off contour. Methods: A general algorithm is presented that determines prior hyperparameters using least squares penalized by effective sample size. Guidelines for specifying the trade-off contour are provided. These methods are illustrated by a clinical trial in advanced prostate cancer. A new version of the efficacy–toxicity program is provided for implementation. Results: Together, the algorithm and guidelines provide substantive improvements in the design’s operating characteristics. Limitations: The method requires a substantial number of elicited values and design parameters, and computer simulations are required to obtain an acceptable design. Conclusion: The two key improvements greatly enhance the efficacy–toxicity design’s practical usefulness and are straightforward to implement using the updated computer program. The algorithm for determining prior hyperparameters to ensure a specified level of informativeness is general, and may be applied to models other than that underlying the efficacy–toxicity method.
Computer-aided design to support fabrication of wrist splints using 3D printing: A feasibility study
Authors: Paterson Abby M , Donnison Ella , Bibb Richard J , Ian Campbell R 
Published: September 2014

Introduction Issues contributing to poor patient compliance for splint wear include poor aesthetics, fit and performance. This paper describes a novel digitised splinting process using 3D printing in an attempt to overcome these issues. The output of the investigation was the creation of a specialised computer-aided design software workflow to support 3D printing, developed specifically for splinting practitioners in the UK, to enable them to design splints themselves for each individual patient. Method A small-scale feasibility study was done, based on the current splinting process. A thorough literature review and physical engagement in current splinting practice was performed, highlighting key requirements for successful splint fabrication. Key requirements were then replicated in a virtual software environment. Opportunities for integrating new, novel features were explored. The key requirements were then refined into a specialised software workflow to replicate the splinting process. The specialised software was then evaluated by 10 practitioners. User trials of the software were performed, followed by semi-structured interviews. Audio recordings were transcribed and then coded to establish similar trends of opinions, and areas for future research. No patients or vulnerable participants were involved in the study. Results All participants were able to use and navigate around the software prototype with relative ease. Strengths included potential simplicity in modelling more complex splints, but several areas for future research are identified, including cost analysis and materials development. Discussion The digitised splinting process shows promise for the benefit of both practitioners and their patients, provided that future research and investment can overcome current limitations.
State of the art: pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Samillan Victor J. , Peacock Andrew J. 
Published: September 2014

Key pointsPulmonary arterial hypertension is still a chronic and incurable diseaseThe most common mutation found in familial pulmonary arterial hypertension is a defect in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 geneUsually the final stage of the disease is right heart failureEducational aimsTo provide definitions and diagnostic methods for pulmonary hypertensionTo provide a general classification of pulmonary hypertensionTo provide an overview of the currently available treatmentsTo provide a future vision of next-generation treatments
“Breathe Clean Air”: the role of physicians and healthcare professionals
Authors: Künzli Nino , Rapp Regula , Perez Laura 
Published: September 2014

SummaryThe health effects of air pollution have a lot in common with those related to active or passive smoking. However, environmental problems pose a rather different set of challenges to physicians and other healthcare professionals.Four target levels of action may result in a reduction of the health impact of air pollution. The first two levels act on the environment rather than the individual: 1) abatement of ambient air pollution at the source to improve ambient air quality; and 2) reduction of pollution in the indoor environments where people spend most of their time. The other two downstream strategies depend entirely on the individual: 3) individual action to reduce personal exposure or dose; and 4) treatments taken to modify personal responses to air pollution, and/or to strengthen defence mechanisms.
New iteration scheme for numerical reckoning fixed points of nonexpansive mappings
Authors: Thakur Dipti , Thakur Balwant Singh , Postolache Mihai 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new three step iteration scheme for approximation of fixed points of the nonexpansive mappings. We show that our iteration process is faster than all of the Picard, the Mann, the Agarwal et al., and the Abbas et al. iteration processes. We support our analytic proof by a numerical example in which we approximate the fixed point by a computer using Matlab program. We also prove some weak convergence and strong convergence theorems for the nonexpansive mappings.

MSC:47H09, 47H10.
Algorithms with strong convergence for the split common solution of the feasibility problem and fixed point problem
Authors: Yao Yonghong , Agarwal Ravi P , Postolache Mihai , Liou Yeong-Cheng 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to study the split feasibility problem and fixed point problem involved in the pseudocontractive mappings. We construct an iterative algorithm and prove its strong convergence.

MSC:47J25, 47H09, 65J15, 90C25.
Fixed point results, generalized Ulam-Hyers stability and well-posedness via α-admissible mappings in b-metric spaces
Authors: Phiangsungnoen Supak , Sintunavarat Wutiphol , Kumam Poom 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
In this paper, we prove the existence and uniqueness of a fixed point for some new classes of contractive mappings via α-admissible mappings in the framework of b-metric spaces. We also present an example to illustrate the usability of the obtained results. The generalized Ulam-Hyers stability and well-posedness of a fixed point equation via α-admissible mappings in b-metric spaces are given.

MSC:46S40, 47S40, 47H10.
Differentially-expressed genes in rice infected by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae relative to a flagellin-deficient mutant reveal potential functions of flagellin in host–pathogen interactions
Authors: Yu Chao , Chen Huamin , Tian Fang , Leach Jan E , He Chenyang 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Background
Plants have evolved a sensitive defense response system that detects and recognizes various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) (e.g. flagellin) and induces immune responses to protect against invasion. Transcriptional responses in rice to PAMPs produced by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the bacterial blight pathogen, have not yet been defined.

Results
We characterized transcriptomic responses in rice inoculated with the wildtype (WT) Xoo and flagellin-deficient mutant ∆fliC through RNA-seq analysis. Digital gene expression (DGE) analysis based on Solexa/Illumina sequencing was used to investigate transcriptomic responses in 30 day-old seedlings of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare). 1,680 genes were differentially-expressed (DEGs) in rice inoculated with WT relative to ∆fliC; among which 1,159 genes were up-regulated and 521 were down-regulated. Expression patterns of 12 randomly-selected DEGs assayed by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) were similar to those detected by DGE analyses, confirming reliability of the DGE data. Functional annotations revealed the up-regulated DEGs are involved in the cell wall, lipid and secondary metabolism, defense response and hormone signaling, whereas the down-regulated ones are associated with photosynthesis. Moreover, 57 and 21 specifically expressed genes were found after WT and ∆fliC treatments, respectively.

Conclusions
DEGs were identified in rice inoculated with WT Xoo relative to ∆fliC. These genes were predicted to function in multiple biological processes, including the defense response and photosynthesis in rice. This study provided additional insights into molecular basis of rice response to bacterial infection and revealed potential functions of bacterial flagellin in the rice-Xoo interactions.
Aluminum induces rapidly mitochondria-dependent programmed cell death in Al-sensitive peanut root tips
Authors: Huang Wen-Jing , Oo Thet Lwin , He Hu-Yi , Wang Ai-Qin , Zhan Jie , Li Chuang-Zhen , Wei Shan-Qing , He Long-Fei 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Background
Although many studies suggested that aluminum (Al) induced programmed cell death (PCD) in plants, the mechanism of Al-induced PCD and its effects in Al tolerance is limited. This study was to investigate the mechanism and type of Al induced PCD and the relationship between PCD and Al tolerance.

Results
In this study, two genotypes of peanut 99-1507 (Al tolerant) and ZH2 (Al sensitive) were used to investigate Al-induced PCD. Peanut root growth inhibition induced by AlCl3 was concentration and time-dependent in two peanut varieties. AlCl3 at 100 μM could induce rapidly peanut root tip PCD involved in DNA cleavage, typical apoptotic chromatin condensation staining with DAPI, apoptosis related gene Hrs203j expression and cytochrome C (Cyt c) release from mitochondria to cytosol. Caspase3-like protease was activated by Al; it was higher in ZH2 than in 99-1507. Al increased the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), decreased inner membrane potential (ΔΨm) of mitochondria. Compared with the control, Al stress increased O2
•- and H2O2 production in mitochondria. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst was produced at Al treatment for 4 h.

Conclusions
Al-induced PCD is earlier and faster in Al-sensitive peanut cultivar than in Al-tolerant cultivar. There is a negative relationship between PCD and Al resistance. Mitochondria- dependence PCD was induced by Al and ROS was involved in this process. The mechanism can be explained by the model of acceleration of senescence under Al stress.