bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel biphenyl urea derivate inhibits the invasion of breast cancer through the modulation of CXCR4
Authors: Zhan Yingzhuan , Zhang Han , Li Jing , Zhang Yanmin , Zhang Jie , He Langchong 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe increased migration and invasion of breast carcinoma cells are key events in the development of metastasis to the lymph nodes and distant organs. CXCR4, the receptor for stromal‐derived factor‐1, is reportedly involved in breast carcinogenesis and invasion. In this study, we investigated a novel biphenyl urea derivate, TPD7 for its ability to affect CXCR4 expression as well as function in breast cancer cells. We demonstrated that TPD7 inhibited the breast cancer proliferation and down‐regulated the CXCR4 expression on breast cancer cells both over‐expressing and low‐expressing HER2, an oncogene known to induce the chemokine receptor. Treatments with pharmacological proteasome inhibitors partial suppressed TPD7‐induced decrease in CXCR4 expression. Real‐time PCR analysis revealed that down‐regulation of CXCR4 by TPD7 also occurred at the translational level. Inhibition of CXCR4 expression by TPD7 further correlated with the suppression of SDF‐1α‐induced migration and invasion in breast tumour cells, knockdown of CXCR4 attenuated TPD7‐inhibitory effects. In addition, TPD7 treatment significantly suppressed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2 and MMP‐9 expression, the downstream targets of CXCR4, perhaps via inactivation of the ERK signaling pathway. Overall, our results showed that TPD7 exerted its anti‐invasive effect through the down‐regulation of CXCR4 expression and thus had the potential for the treatment of breast cancer.
Seasonal Plasticity in the Peptide Neuronal Systems: Potential Roles of Gonadotrophin‐Releasing Hormone, Gonadotrophin‐Inhibiting Hormone, Neuropeptide Y and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in the Regulation of the Reproductive Axis in Subtropical Indian Weaver Birds
Authors: Surbhi  , Rastogi A. , Rani S. , Kumar V. 
Published: March 2015

Two experiments examined the expression of gonadotrophin‐releasing and inhibiting hormones (GnRH‐I, GnRH‐II and GnIH), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in subtropical Indian weaver birds, which demonstrate relative photorefractoriness. Experiment 1 measured peptide expression levels in the form of immunoreactive (‐IR) cells, percentage cell area and cell optical density in the preoptic area (GnRH‐I), midbrain (GnRH‐II), paraventricular nucleus (GnIH), mediobasal hypothalamus [dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), infundibular complex (INc), NPY and VIP] and lateral septal organ (VIP) during the progressive, breeding, regressive and nonbreeding phases of the annual reproductive cycle. GnRH‐I was decreased in the nonbreeding and VIP was increased in INc in the breeding and regressive states. GnRH‐II and NPY levels did not differ between the testicular phases. Double‐labelled immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed a close association between the GnRH/GnIH, GnRH/NPY, GnRH/VIP and GnIH/NPY peptide systems, implicating them interacting and playing roles in the reproductive regulation in weaver birds. Experiment 2 further measured these peptide levels in the middle of day and night in weaver birds that were maintained under short days (8 : 16 h light /dark cycle; photosensitive), exposed to ten long days (16 : 8 h light /dark cycle; photostimulated) or maintained for approximately 2 years on a 16 : 8 h light /dark cycle (photorefractory). Reproductively immature testes in these groups precluded the possible effect of an enhanced gonadal feedback on the hypothalamic peptide expression. There were group differences in the GnRH‐I (not GnRH‐II), GnIH, NPY and VIP immunoreactivity, albeit with variations in immunoreactivity measures in the present study. These results, which are consistent with those reported in birds with relative photorefractoriness, show the distribution and possibly a complex interaction of key neuropeptides in the regulation of the annual reproductive cycle in Indian weaver birds.
Do Prices Reveal the Presence of Informed Trading?
Authors: COLLIN‐DUFRESNE PIERRE , FOS VYACHESLAV 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTUsing a comprehensive sample of trades from Schedule 13D filings by activist investors, we study how measures of adverse selection respond to informed trading. We find that on days when activists accumulate shares, measures of adverse selection and of stock illiquidity are lower, even though prices are positively impacted. Two channels help explain this phenomenon: (1) activists select times of higher liquidity when they trade, and (2) activists use limit orders. We conclude that, when informed traders can select when and how to trade, standard measures of adverse selection may fail to capture the presence of informed trading.
Informational Frictions and Commodity Markets
Authors: SOCKIN MICHAEL , XIONG WEI 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThis paper develops a model with a tractable log‐linear equilibrium to analyze the effects of informational frictions in commodity markets. By aggregating dispersed information about the strength of the global economy among goods producers whose production has complementarity, commodity prices serve as price signals to guide producers' production decisions and commodity demand. Our model highlights important feedback effects of informational noise originating from supply shocks and futures market trading on commodity demand and spot prices. Our analysis illustrates the weakness common in empirical studies on commodity markets of assuming that different types of shocks are publicly observable to market participants.
Measures of atherosclerotic burden are associated with clinically manifest cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: a European cross‐sectional study
Authors: Shore A. C. , Colhoun H. M. , Natali A. , Palombo C. , Östling G. , Aizawa K. , Kennbäck C. , Casanova F. , Persson M. , Gooding K. , Gates P. E. , Khan F. , Looker H. C. , Adams F. , Belch J. , Pinnoli S. , Venturi E. , Morizzo C. , Goncalves I. , Ladenvall C. , Nilsson J. ,   the SUMMIT consortium
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundThere is a need to develop and validate surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in subjects with diabetes. The macrovascular changes associated with diabetes include aggravated atherosclerosis, increased arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to determine which of these factors is most strongly associated with clinically manifest cardiovascular events.MethodsVascular changes were measured in a cohort of 458 subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and CVD (myocardial infarction, stroke or lower extremity arterial disease), 527 subjects with T2D but without clinically manifest CVD and 515 subjects without T2D and with or without CVD.ResultsCarotid intima–media thickness (IMT) and ankle–brachial pressure index were independently associated with the presence of CVD in subjects with T2D, whereas pulse wave velocity and endothelial function provided limited independent additive information. Measurement of IMT in the carotid bulb provided better discrimination of the presence of CVD in subjects with T2D than measurement of IMT in the common carotid artery. The factors most significantly associated with increased carotid IMT in T2D were age, disease duration, systolic blood pressure, impaired renal function and increased arterial stiffness, whereas there were no or weak independent associations with metabolic factors and endothelial dysfunction.ConclusionsMeasures of atherosclerotic burden are associated with clinically manifest CVD in subjects with T2D. In addition, vascular changes that are not directly related to known metabolic risk factors are important in the development of both atherosclerosis and CVD in T2D. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved is crucial for enabling better identification of CVD risk in T2D.
Assessment of the progression of tooth wear on dental casts
Authors: Vervoorn‐Vis G. M. G. J. , Wetselaar P. , Koutris M. , Visscher C. M. , Evälahti M. , Ahlberg J. , Lobbezoo F. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryMany methods are available for the grading of tooth wear, but their ability to assess the progression of wear over time has not been studied frequently. The aim was to assess whether the occlusal/incisal grading scale of the Tooth Wear Evaluation System (TWES) was sensitive enough for the detection of tooth wear progression from 14 to 23 years of age. A total of 120 sets of dental casts were gathered from 40 people, of whom impressions were made at 14, 18 and 23 years. The TWES was used to assess loss of clinical crown height throughout the entire dentition. There was a significant difference in the TWES scores between the three age groups on all teeth (Friedman tests; P < 0·005 in all cases). Post hoc Wilcoxon tests revealed that the difference between the scores between 14 and 18 years and between 18 and 23 was significant for most teeth. It was concluded that the TWES is sensitive enough to detect changes in tooth wear over time.
Let's go outside: using photography to explore values and culture in mental health nursing
Authors: Aranda K. , de Goeas S. , Davies S. , Radcliffe M. , Christoforou A. 
Published: March 2015

Accessible summary
Creative and imaginative approaches to mental healthcare education are known to help students explore emotions, empathy and others' experiences, as well as address ambivalence and ambiguity.
Very few studies in mental health nursing education specifically utilise photography as a participatory pedagogic tool, with even fewer utilising photography to explore understandings of culture, values and diversity.
Photography makes visible complex, collaborative forms of learning and previously unidentified, unarticulated ideas about culture and values.
Photography as a critical pedagogic method helps develop critical, politicized understandings of culture and values.
AbstractIncreasing culturally diverse populations means complex and conflicting values have become a common feature in mental health nursing. In education the need to critically examine such topics necessitates creative and engaging pedagogy, and visual methods are readily acknowledged as such. Yet while many studies advocate and demonstrate the value of art‐based methods in student learning, very few studies in mental health nursing specifically utilize photography as a participatory pedagogic tool, and fewer still use photography to explore understandings of culture, values and diversity. In this paper, we discuss a qualitative study where mental health nursing students used photography to create images in order to explore their own and often dominant culture and attendant values. Findings suggest that photography makes visible situated, relational and collaborative learning, and surfaces previously unidentified, unarticulated ideas about culture and values. These practices mimic important processes central to mental health nursing practice and contemporaneous understandings of diverse cultures. We argue that photography provides an important resource with which to unearth subjugated knowledge, promote critical understandings of culture and values, and thereby help address inequalities in mental health care.
The interaction between maternal and post‐hatch n‐3 fatty acid supplementation in broiler diets
Authors: Koppenol A. , Delezie E. , Buyse J. , Everaert N. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThis study investigated whether offspring from n‐3‐supplemented breeders have an enhanced performance and immune organ weight when fed a post‐hatch n‐3‐enriched diet in comparison with their control‐fed counterparts and the importance of timing of omega‐3 supplementation. Therefore, 480 Ross‐308 broiler breeder hens were fed one of four different diets (120/treatment). The control diet (CON) was a basal diet, rich in n‐6 fatty acids (FA). The three other diets were enriched in n‐3 FA, formulated to obtain a different EPA/DHA ratio of 1/1 (EPA = DHA), 1/2 (DHA) or 2/1 (EPA). At 33 weeks of age, eggs were incubated to obtain 1440 offspring. They were set up according to their maternal diet and sex in 48 pens of 30 chicks each (12 pens per maternal treatment: six male and six female). Half of the offspring were given a post‐hatch control diet, whereas to other half received an n‐3‐supplemented diet. Zootechnical performance was followed for starter, grower and finisher phase, and at the end of each phase two, chicks per pen were sacrificed to determine the weight of the immune organs. No interaction was found between maternal and post‐hatch n‐3 treatment for zootechnical performance. An interaction arose between the maternal and post‐hatch n‐3 supplementation for proportional bursa weight at day 1 and day 14 and proportional liver weight at day 14, but effects on immune organ weight were rather limited. Offspring post‐hatch n‐3 supplementation did not enhance maternal n‐3 supplementation.
Health Status, Behavior, and Care of Lesbian and Bisexual Women in Israel
Authors: Mor Zohar , Eick U.r.i. , Wagner Kolasko G.a.l. , Zviely-Efrat Irit , Makadon Harvey , Davidovitch Nadav 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Introduction
Lesbian and bisexual women (LBs) have unique health needs compared with heterosexual women (HW).

Aim
This study aimed to associate the health status of LB, their health behavior, disclosure of sexual orientation (SO), and avoidance of health care with that of HW.

Methods
Participants in this cross-sectional study completed anonymous questionnaires, which were distributed in Internet sites and public venues in Israel, comparing health behaviors and outcomes between LB and HW.

Main Outcome Measures
Health outcomes included subjective health status, general practitioner or gynecologist visit in the last 6 months, and satisfaction from the Israeli healthcare system.

Results
In 2012, 681 (34.4%) lesbians, 242 (13.5%) bisexual women, and 937 (52.1%) HW completed the questionnaire. In comparison with HW, LBs were more commonly single, used drugs/alcohol, smoked, experienced eating disorders, and reported an earlier sexual debut. In comparison with all women, lesbians performed less physical activities and were more satisfied with their body weight, whereas bisexuals had riskier sexual behavior and reported more verbal/physical abuse. LB reported more emergency room visits, more visits to psychiatrists, yet underwent Pap smears less frequently compared with HW. In a multivariate analysis, lesbians had fewer gynecologists' visits and were less satisfied with the healthcare system than HW, whereas bisexuals visited their general practitioner or gynecologist less frequently and were less satisfied with the primary healthcare system. Lesbians were more likely to disclose their SO with their doctors than bisexuals and were satisfied with the disclosure. Nondisclosure of SO was correlated with poor subjective health status. The interaction between being bisexual and nondisclosure of SO was strong.

Conclusions
LB utilized health care less frequently than HW, resulting in unmet medical needs. SO disclosure was associated with better healthcare utilization and health outcomes, especially among bisexuals. Providers should be trained about LB's unique health needs and improve their communication skills to encourage SO disclosure.
Validating of a Novel Method for Electronically Recording Overactive Bladder Symptoms in Men
Authors: KRHUT Jan , GÄRTNER Marcel , ZVAROVÁ Katarína , DESARNO Michael , ZVARA Peter 
Published: March 2015

ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to compare a novel wireless phone and web based technology to record and store overactive bladder symptoms (OAB‐S) to a traditional pen and paper micturition chart.MethodsOveractive bladder symptoms were recorded over a period of 3 days using both an electronic micturition chart (EMC) and the standard pen and paper micturition chart (MC). Twenty‐nine men, with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), were included in the study. Dropout rate, patient's preference, and correlation between the quality of life measures (QoL) and symptoms recorded with EMC versus MC, were assessed and compared.ResultsOf the total number of 29 patients enrolled into the study, 24 completed the full 3‐day trial using MC and 27 using EMC. MC was preferred by 50%, while EMC was preferred by 50% of participants. Using MC, 21% of patients forgot to record at least one episode of urgency, versus 17% using EMC, 17% forgot to record at least one micturition using MC versus 8% using EMC. A statistically significant correlation was found between lower severity of OAB‐S and higher QoL, using both recording methods.ConclusionsIn this study population, recording symptoms with EMC did not prove to be preferable compared to MC; however, EMC provided the same level of accuracy with the same or better adherence to the study protocol.
Climate impacts on transocean dispersal and habitat in gray whales from the Pleistocene to 2100
Authors: Alter S. Elizabeth , Meyer Matthias , Post Klaas , Czechowski Paul , Gravlund Peter , Gaines Cork , Rosenbaum Howard C. , Kaschner Kristin , Turvey Samuel T. , van der Plicht Johannes , Shapiro Beth , Hofreiter Michael 
Published: March 2015

AbstractArctic animals face dramatic habitat alteration due to ongoing climate change. Understanding how such species have responded to past glacial cycles can help us forecast their response to today's changing climate. Gray whales are among those marine species likely to be strongly affected by Arctic climate change, but a thorough analysis of past climate impacts on this species has been complicated by lack of information about an extinct population in the Atlantic. While little is known about the history of Atlantic gray whales or their relationship to the extant Pacific population, the extirpation of the Atlantic population during historical times has been attributed to whaling. We used a combination of ancient and modern DNA, radiocarbon dating and predictive habitat modelling to better understand the distribution of gray whales during the Pleistocene and Holocene. Our results reveal that dispersal between the Pacific and Atlantic was climate dependent and occurred both during the Pleistocene prior to the last glacial period and the early Holocene immediately following the opening of the Bering Strait. Genetic diversity in the Atlantic declined over an extended interval that predates the period of intensive commercial whaling, indicating this decline may have been precipitated by Holocene climate or other ecological causes. These first genetic data for Atlantic gray whales, particularly when combined with predictive habitat models for the year 2100, suggest that two recent sightings of gray whales in the Atlantic may represent the beginning of the expansion of this species' habitat beyond its currently realized range.
Financial Intermediaries, Credit Shocks and Business Cycles
Authors: Mimir Yasin 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe document the cyclical properties of aggregate balance sheet variables of the US commercial banks: (i) Bank credits and deposits are less volatile than output, while net worth and leverage ratio are several times more volatile, (ii) bank credits and net worth are procyclical, while deposits, leverage ratio and loan spread are countercyclical. We then present a real business cycle model with a financial sector to investigate how the dynamics of macroeconomic aggregates and balance sheet variables of the US banks are influenced by empirically disciplined shocks to bank net worth. Both calibrated and estimated versions of the model show that these financial shocks are important not only for explaining the dynamics of financial flows but also for the dynamics of macroeconomic variables. We find that the recent deterioration in aggregate net worth of the US banking sector contributed significantly to the 2007–09 recession.
Mantle degassing on a near shore volcano, SE Tyrrhenian Sea
Authors: Loreto Maria F. , Italiano Francesco , Deponte Davide , Facchin Lorenzo , Zgur Fabrizio 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe presence of a seamount‐like structure, located a few nautical miles offshore the Capo Vaticano Promontory (western Calabria, S Italy), was revealed by combined geophysical and geochemical investigation. The edifice covers ~55 km2, with a top located at a depth of about 70 m below sea level, and consists mainly of a NW‐trending structure orthogonally interrupted by minor ridges, the largest of which is affected by extensional faults. The top of the edifice hosts active vents, injected fluids that have been investigated for dissolved volatiles. Gas analyses revealed high CO2 and CH4 contents, several orders of magnitude above the atmospheric‐type values expected for shallow, coastal marine waters, and a noteworthy enrichment in mantle‐derived 3He, which is an unambiguous indicator of the mantle origin of the fluids. Our results, combined with available data from the literature, suggest that the edifice is a tectonically controlled volcanic system, which presence near the Calabria region changes the role played by faults in the frame of the subduction process.
Algae after dark: mechanisms to cope with anoxic/hypoxic conditions
Authors: Yang Wenqiang , Catalanotti Claudia , Wittkopp Tyler M. , Posewitz Matthew C. , Grossman Arthur R. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryChlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular, soil‐dwelling (and aquatic) green alga that has significant metabolic flexibility for balancing redox equivalents and generating ATP when it experiences hypoxic/anoxic conditions. The diversity of pathways available to ferment sugars is often revealed in mutants in which the activities of specific branches of fermentative metabolism have been eliminated; compensatory pathways that have little activity in parental strains under standard laboratory fermentative conditions are often activated. The ways in which these pathways are regulated and integrated have not been extensively explored. In this review, we primarily discuss the intricacies of dark anoxic metabolism in Chlamydomonas, but also discuss aspects of dark oxic metabolism, the utilization of acetate, and the relatively uncharacterized but critical interactions that link chloroplastic and mitochondrial metabolic networks.
A Generic Process for the Design and Generation of Software Product Line Skeleton Architectures
Authors: Cabello Maria Eugenia , Ramos Isidro , Santana Oscar Alberto , Beristain Saúl Iván 
Published: March 2015

This paper presents a process, a method and a framework for developing families of software systems in a domain. The process is generic (domain-independent) and produces skeleton software architectures as Software Product Lines. The genericity is supported by the metamodels (abstract languages) that are defined in order to describe the Reference Architecture (structure view, behavior view and variability view) of the system domain. A standardized Production Plan takes the Reference Architecture as input and produces the equivalent Skeleton Software Architecture (component-connector view) using a Feature Model configuration (describing the system to be) as output. This Skeleton Software Architecture includes the structure and behavior of the target software product. A framework has been implemented to support the approach. The process is applied, as an example, to the Diagnostic Expert Systems domain. Our approach is based on Model-Driven Engineering techniques and the Software Product Line paradigm. A domain analysis must be done in order to build the Reference Architecture.