bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic cancer organoids derived from EUS-guided fine needle aspiration specimens can be used to predict chemotherapy resistance.
Authors: Oyama Soshi , Matsuda Akiko , Murakami Yuko , Kakizaki Yasuharu , Ishizawa Tetsuya , Kobayashi Kazutoshi , Nakamura Hitomi , Nawa Yoshihito , Otaki Yu , Nagata Yamato , Honma Soichiro , Makino Naohiko , Sato Hidenori , Ueno Yoshiyuki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis. Although chemotherapy has become increasingly important in recent years, there are no practical markers to predict therapeutic efficacy. Here, we have aimed to identify novel markers that predict resistance to chemotherapy drugs using patient-derived organoids (PDOs) of PDAC. PDOs were established using endoscopic ultrasound - guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) specimens. Drug sensitivity tests were performed on 15 PDOs and the correlation between drug sensitivity and transcriptome analysis were evaluated. BARD1 and RAD50 have been identified as genes associated with gemcitabine resistance. Additionally, SLC25A10 and MAP3K9 were identified as genes associated with gemcitabine + paclitaxel resistance.PDOs derived from EUS-FNA specimens can be used to assess individual drug resistance and to identify predictive factors for chemotherapy resistance.
The association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and obstructive sleep apnea : a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Kehan , Zou Zhijiang , Lou Yuhang , Mei Ruoyu , Liu Zhongzheng , Xu Bing , He Wei , Song Jukun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by repeated instances of either partial or total blockage of the upper airway while sleeping. This leads to disrupted sleep and several related health issues. The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) is a novel indicator that has the potential to provide more accurate assessment of the risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular illnesses. This study sought to explore the relationship between NHHR and OSA.
Methods
This research included cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2008, as well as between 2015 and 2018. The study included a total of 19,234 individuals. The NHHR was determined by dividing the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol by the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The participants were divided into quartiles according to their NHHR levels. OSA was characterized by symptoms described by the individuals themselves, such as extreme tiredness throughout the day, gasping or snorting during asleep, and frequent snoring. The link between NHHR and OSA was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression and segmented linear regression models.
Results
In this research, 19,234 individuals with a mean age of 41.88 ± 20.58 years were included. Among them, 50.46% were diagnosed with OSA. The mean and standard deviation for NHHR were measured as 3.08 ± 1.51.An elevated NHHR was shown to be substantially correlated with a higher risk of OSA, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.113 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 1.807 to 1.140 (p < 0.001). The observed correlation remained significant even after controlling for possible confounding variables such as age, gender, race, and other characteristics associated to health.An inverted U-shaped association was identified, which was nonlinear. The turning point of this relationship occurred at an NHHR value of 5.198.When the NHHR was below a certain level, each additional unit rise in NHHR resulted in a 17% increase in the risk of OSA. However, when the NHHR was beyond this level, the risk of OSA remained constant.
Conclusions
The presence of NHHR is a strong indicator of the probability of developing OSA. This highlights the crucial need to closely monitor and control lipid profiles in patients who have or are at risk of developing OSA. These findings provide fresh perspectives on the connection between lipid metabolism and OSA, indicating that NHHR might serve as a helpful indicator in clinical evaluations.
Quantum inspired approach for denoising with application to medical imaging
Authors: Hashemi Amirreza , Dutta Sayantan , Georgeot Bertrand , Kouamé Denis , Sabet Hamid 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background noise in many fields such as medical imaging poses significant challenges for accurate diagnosis, prompting the development of denoising algorithms. Traditional methodologies, however, often struggle to address the complexities of noisy environments in high dimensional imaging systems. This paper introduces a novel quantum-inspired approach for image denoising, drawing upon principles of quantum and condensed matter physics. Our approach views medical images as amorphous structures akin to those found in condensed matter physics and we propose an algorithm that incorporates the concept of mode resolved localization directly into the denoising process. Notably, our approach eliminates the need for hyperparameter tuning. The proposed method is a standalone algorithm with minimal manual intervention, demonstrating its potential to use quantum-based techniques in classical signal denoising. Through numerical validation, we showcase the effectiveness of our approach in addressing noise-related challenges in imaging and especially medical imaging, underscoring its relevance for possible quantum computing applications.
Whole exome sequencing-based homologous recombination deficiency test for epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Chiang Ying-Cheng , Huang Hsien-Neng , Kuo Kuan-Ting , Hwu Wuh-Liang , Cheng Wen-Fang , Lin Po-Han 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) test is an important tool for identifying patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) benefit from the treatment with poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi). Using whole exome sequencing (WES)-based platform can provide information of gene mutations and HRD score; however, the clinical value of WES-based HRD test was less validated in EOC.
Methods
We enrolled 40 patients with EOC in the training cohort and 23 in the validation cohort. The WES-based HRD score was calculated using the scarHRD software. We first evaluated the concordance of the HRD status defined by the Myriad MyChoice CDx and then assessed the value of HRD on clinical prognosis in patients with EOC.
Results
The HRD score defined by the WES-based test was positively correlated with that of the Myriad MyChoice® CDx test (r = 0.82, p < 0.01) in the training cohort. In compared to HRD status of Myriad test, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the WES-based HRD test were 93.5% (29/31), 77.8% (7/9), 93.5% (29/31), and 77.8% (7/9), respectively. Patients with positive HRD status defined by WES-based scarHRD test and Myriad MyChoice® CDx test were both highly associated with platinum sensitive response (both Fisher's exact test, p = 0.002) as well as the superior progression-free survival (both log-rank p = 0.002). The multi-variate Cox regression model incorporated with optimal debulking surgery showed that the recurrence risk was decreased in the patients with positive HRD status, either defined by Myriad MyChoice® CDx test (Hazard ratio (HR) 0.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14–0.79, p = 0.013) or WES-based test Myriad MyChoice® CDx test (HR 0.34, 95% CI 0.14–0.80, p = 0.014). Nine patients had mutations in the genes involved in HR DNA repair, and all of them were positive for HRD. In the validation group, 23 patients were defined as positive HRD by WES-based testing. Six positive HRD patients and 5 negative HRD patients received maintenance PARPi. The median responsive interval of PARPi was 17 months in positive HRD patients and 3 months in negative HRD patients.
Conclusions
The WES-based test is a feasible option for determining the HRD status in EOC patients.
Risk Factors for Adverse Reactions to Nurse-Administered Propofol During Outpatient Endoscopy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Inca Renzo , Montero Cynthia Bazán , Montachez Estela Bulnes , Alva Lary Salazar , Carrillo José Salvador , Zevallos Alejandra , Salazar Fernando 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Endoscopic procedures are essential for diagnosing and managing gastrointestinal conditions, often requiring sedation for patient comfort. Propofol is a common choice for outpatient sedation due to its rapid onset and predictable recovery time. Although propofol has an established safety profile, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can still occur. This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors associated with ADRs related to nurse-administered propofol sedation during outpatient endoscopic procedures at a private hospital in Peru.
Method
We conducted a retrospective study. The clinical records of 919 Peruvian patients who underwent endoscopic interventions under propofol sedation were reviewed. This study included patients between the ages of 18 and 69 years who had American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification scores of I–III and who were hemodynamically stable with an oxygen saturation (SO2) > 90% before the procedure. Sedation was nurse-administered using standardized protocols. ADR data, including severity and causality assessment data, were collected. Data were collected and analyzed by SPSS, Inc., and the statistical significance was calculated at the p < 0.05 level.
Results
A total of 693 patients were included in the study, 30.9% of whom experienced at least one ADR, predominantly cardiovascular or respiratory events such as hypotension and hypoxia, with causality scores classified as probable or definitive. Among the ADRs, 35.8% (n = 87) were moderately severe, and 64.2% (n = 143) were mildly severe. There were no reports of any serious adverse events. An ASA class III status (p = 0.048, PR adjusted (PRa) = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.01–2.99) and a procedure time of more than 20 minutes (p < 0.0001, PRa = 2.05, and 95% CI: 1.53–2.73) were significant risk factors for ADR occurrence. Patients with ADRs had longer recovery times than did those without ADRs (22 min ± 22.5 vs 14 min ± 8, respectively; p < 0.001).
Conclusion
In our work, moderate propofol sedation administered by trained nursing staff to outpatients undergoing interventional endoscopic procedures was generally safe but not free from risks. Vital parameters should be monitored regularly during long-term interventions and when patients are classified as ASA III.
Carotid atherosclerosis associated with tau pathology and cognitive function in cognitively intact adults: the CABLE study
Authors: Zhang Ming-Zhan , Sun Cheng-Kun , Chen Yan-Ming , Hao Quan , Zhang Zi-Qi , Guo Fan , Tan Lan , Tan Meng-Shan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Carotid atherosclerosis has been implicated in cognitive decline, but the evidence from current studies is insufficient and the detailed mechanism remains unclear.
Objective
This study aimed to explore the association of carotid atherosclerosis with cognitive function and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers, as well as attempted to investigate the underlying mechanisms.
Methods
This study included 365 participants with objective normal cognition from the Chinese Alzheimer’s Biomarker and LifestylE (CABLE) database. Multiple linear regression models were utilized to assess the associations of carotid atherosclerosis (carotid intima-media roughness [CIMR], carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT], carotid plaque, and CIMT level) with CSF AD biomarkers and cognitive function. The mediation analyses were used to explore whether CSF AD biomarkers mediated the carotid atherosclerosis and cognitive function.
Result
We found that CIMR, carotid plaque, and CIMT level were significantly associated with tau pathology (T-tau and P-tau, P < 0.05); All markers of carotid atherosclerosis were associated with cognitive function (CM-MMSE and MoCA, P < 0.05). Furthermore, mediation analyses revealed that the effect of carotid plaque on cognitive decline was partially mediated by tau pathology (proportion of mediation = 19.7%, P = 0.012).
Conclusion
This study indicated that carotid atherosclerosis was associated with tau pathology and cognitive function, and tau pathology partially mediated the association between carotid atherosclerosis and cognitive function.
Artificial Intelligence contouring in radiotherapy for organs-at-risk and lymph node areas
Authors: Meyer Céline , Huger Sandrine , Bruand Marie , Leroy Thomas , Palisson Jérémy , Rétif Paul , Sarrade Thomas , Barateau Anais , Renard Sophie , Jolnerovski Maria , Demogeot Nicolas , Marcel Johann , Martz Nicolas , Stefani Anaïs , Sellami Selima , Jacques Juliette , Agnoux Emma , Gehin William , Trampetti Ida , Margulies Agathe , Golfier Constance , Khattabi Yassir , Olivier Cravereau , Alizée Renan , Py Jean-François , FAIVRE Jean-Christophe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction: The delineation of organs-at-risk and lymph node areas is a crucial step in radiotherapy, but it is time-consuming and associated with substantial user-dependent variability in contouring. Artificial intelligence (AI) appears to be the solution to facilitate and standardize this work. The objective of this study is to compare eight available AI software programs in terms of technical aspects and accuracy for contouring organs-at-risk and lymph node areas with current international contouring recommendations.
Material and methods: From January–July 2023, we performed a blinded study of the contour scoring of the organs-at-risk and lymph node areas by eight self-contouring AI programs by 20 radiation oncologists. It was a single-center study conducted in radiation department at the Lorraine Cancer Institute. A qualitative analysis of technical characteristics of the different AI programs was also performed.
Three adults (two women and one man) and three children (one girl and two boys) provided six whole-body anonymized CT scans, along with two other adult brain MRI scans. Using a scoring scale from 1 to 3 (best score), radiation oncologists blindly assessed the quality of contouring of organs-at-risk and lymph node areas of all scans and MRI data by the eight AI programs.
Results: For adults CT scanns: There were two AI programs for which the overall average quality score (that is, all areas tested for OARs and lymph nodes) was higher than 2.0: Limbus (overall average score = 2.03 (0.16)) and MVision (overall average score = 2.13 (0.19)). For children CT scann, MVision was the only program to have a average score higher than 2 with overall average score = 2.07 (0.19). For brain MRIs: TheraPanacea was the only program with an average score over 2, for both brain delineation (2.75 (0.35)) and OARs (2.09 (0.19)). The comparative analysis of the technical aspects highlights the similarities and differences between the software.
Conclusion: For adult CT-scann, two AI programs on the market, MVision and Limbus, delineate most OARs and lymph nodes areas that are useful in clinical routine. For children CT-scan, only one IA, MVision, program is efficient. For adult brain MRI, Therapancea,only one AI program is efficient.
Trial registration: CNIL-MR0004 Number HDH434
The moderating role of COMT gene rs4680 polymorphism between maladaptive metacognitive beliefs and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Kerbage Georges , Hachem Nagham , Murr Michelle El , Haddad Georges , Loch Alexandre Andrade , Hayek Elissar El , Hallit Souheil 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Although the positive association between impairments in metacognitive capacity and negative symptoms in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders is widely evidenced in the literature, the explaining mechanisms of this association are still less known and poorly understood. This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap by testing the hypothesis that COMT rs4680 variants will act as moderators in the relationship between certain metacognitive domains and negative symptoms’ severity.
Method: A cross-sectional study was carried-out during the period between February and March 2024. A total of 115 biologically unrelated Arab (Lebanese) patients with schizophrenia (mean age of 57.52 ± 10.35 years, 63.5% males) were included.
Results: After controlling for sex and duration of illness as a potential confounder, moderation analyses showed that the AG genotype of the COMT rs4680 served as a significant moderator between maladaptive metacognitions about cognitive confidence and negative symptoms. In non-carriers of the COMT rs4680 AG genotype, greater endorsement of lack of cognitive confidence is significantly associated with greater negative symptoms.
Conclusion: Findings suggest that metacognition may be a relevant treatment target in the management of negative symptoms particularly in non-carriers of the COMT rs4680 AG genotype. Therefore, genetic testing could potentially be used to match patients with metacognitive interventions that are more likely to be effective in supporting recovery from negative symptoms.
Spastic pelvic floor syndrome and puborectalis syndrome: The different stages of the same disease
Authors: Xiong Yu , Li Wenzhe , Jiang Dazhen , Wang Tiankun , Tu Mengqi , Wang Jie , Qian Qun , Jiang Congqing , Liu Weicheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The diagnosis and treatment of puborectalis syndrome (PRS) and spastic pelvic floor syndrome (SPFS) are still up for debate. This study aims to investigate examine the similarities and differences between PRS and SPFS. This study recruited 13 PRS cases, 10 SPFS cases, and 16 controls. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), histology, and ultrastructural pathology were explored. Additionally, anorectal manometry was performed prior to surgery, Wexner constipation scores and patient assessment of constipation quality of life (PAC-QOL) scores monitored before surgery, 6 and 12 m post-surgery. The puborectalis thickness in the pelvic MRIs of the SPFS and control groups did not appear to differ (4.62 ± 0.38 vs 4.56 ± 0.47, p = 0.378); however, the puborectalis in the PRS group was substantially thicker than that of the SPFS (8.65 ± 1.17 vs 4.62 ± 0.38, p < 0.001). The SPFS group showing atrophy and degeneration of muscle fibers and the PRS group exhibiting necrosis of muscle fibers, both groups had distorted texture myofibrils, disorganized arrangement, rough Z lines, however, in severe cases of PRS group, localized myofibrils fracture and myofilament dissolution presenting as vacuolation. Patients with normal preoperative rectal propulsion force had improvements in postoperative Wexner constipation scores and PAC-QOL scores. Histological and ultrastructural pathological evidence suggests that SPFS and PRS are distinct phases of paradoxical puborectalis syndrome (PPS). Furthermore, one indication for PPS surgical treatment is normal rectal evacuation pressure.
Prevalence Of Ambulatory Hypertension in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients Using the New 2022 Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Guidelines
Authors: Mahajan Ruchi Gupta , Zangla Emily , Kizibash Sarah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Childhood hypertension is a significant risk factor for early cardiovascular disease. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is an important tool for hypertension surveillance in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. The prevalence of post-transplant hypertension in pediatric kidney transplant recipients using the 2022 ABPM guidelines in not known.
Objective: To determine the prevalence, characteristics, and predictors of ambulatory hypertension in pediatric kidney transplant recipients
Method: We retrospectively identified all pediatric (age <; 22 years) kidney transplant recipients who successfully completed 24-hour ABPM for hypertension surveillance per the institutional protocol at the University of Minnesota between 1/2020 and 9/2022. We defined ambulatory hypertension using the 2022 ABPM guidelines. We compared continuous and categorical variables using the Wilcoxon rank sum and Fisher’s exact tests and used logistic regression to identify the predictors of ambulatory hypertension.
Results: Our cohort included 71 patients with median post-transplant follow-up time of 5.5 years (IQR: 7.5). Table 1 presents the baseline characteristics of the study cohort. We observed abnormal ABPM (excluding isolated nocturnal blunting) in 23/42 (54.8%) patients already on antihypertensive medications (indicating poor control) and 8/29 (27.6%) patients without an existing diagnosis of hypertension. Among those already on antihypertensive medications, nocturnal hypertension in 29.6% (n=21) and blunted nocturnal dip in 39.4% (n=28) of all patients. Masked hypertension was seen in 13.8% (n=4) and white coat hypertension in 10.3% (n=3) of patients with no prior diagnosis of hypertension (table 2). After adjusting for age at transplant, race, donor type, preemptive transplantation, and BMI, the female sex was significantly protective against post-transplant ambulatory/masked hypertension (Adjusted OR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.72; p = 0.01). Left ventricular hypertrophy was more prevalent in children with blunted nocturnal dipping, but the difference did not achieve statistical significance (54.1% vs. 36.8; p=0.36).
Conclusion: Using the 2022 ABPM guidelines, ambulatory/masked hypertension is highly prevalent in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Isolated nocturnal hypertension, blunted nocturnal dipping, and the male sex characterize ambulatory hypertension in this population. Clinic blood pressures may miss poorly controlled hypertension among those on antihypertensive medications. Transplant centers should consider adding 24-hour ABPM to transplant protocols to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.