bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas: interventional techniques and results
Authors: Ramanathan Dinesh , Levitt Michael R , Sekhar Laligam N , Kim Louis J , Hallam Danial K , Ghodke Basavaraj V 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundSpinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas (SEDAVF) are rare and poorly understood clinical entities.Materials and methodsWe report a series of five (three men, two women) consecutive cases treated at our center to analyze their characteristic and treatment strategies in their management. We report a successful technique of percutaneous embolization of fistulas in a patient with failed previous attempts.ResultsAll five patients were symptomatic; three patients presented with a history of back pain, which progressed to myelopathic symptoms, one patient had symptoms of persistent back pain, and one patient had intermittent numbness of the left arm and thigh. Of the three patients who had myelopathic symptoms, two were successfully treated with transarterial embolizations with Onyx copolymer. The third patient who had a prominent epidural venous pouch with numerous arterial feeders was embolized percutaneously with a flat detector CT guided navigation (XperCT) and real time fluoroscopic monitoring of the injected n-butyl cyanoacrylate glue, after previous unsuccessful attempts with surgery and arterial embolizations. All three myelopathic treated patients had complete angiographic remission of the fistulas and symptoms on follow-up (mean 7.2 months).ConclusionsThe diagnosis and treatment of SEDAVF can be challenging due to their rarity and intricate pathomechanics. Patients with severe pain or progression of symptoms or myelopathic symptoms need to be treated at the earliest opportunity, while asymptomatic patients can be closely monitored. Percutaneous embolization is an effective strategy to embolize SEDAVF associated venous pouch.
Hydrodynamic comparison of the Penumbra system and commonly available syringes in forced-suction thrombectomy
Authors: Simon Scott Douglas , Grey Casey Paul 
Published: March 2013

BackgroundThe Penumbra system uses a coaxial separator and continuous extracorporeal suction to remove a clot from a cerebral artery. Forced-suction thrombectomy (FST) involves aspirating clots through the same reperfusion catheter using only a syringe, decreasing the procedure time and supplies needed.ObjectiveTo evaluate multiple combinations of catheters and syringes to determine the optimal pairing for use in FST.MethodsTests were performed using both the Penumbra system and syringes to aspirate water through Penumbra 0.041 inch (041), 4Max, 0.054 inch (054) and 5Max reperfusion catheters and a shuttle sheath. Dynamic pressure and flow at the catheter tip were calculated from the fill times for each system. Static pressure and force for each aspiration source were determined with a vacuum gauge.ResultsAll syringes provided significantly higher dynamic pressure at the catheter tip than the Penumbra system (p<0.001). Increasing syringe volume significantly increased static pressure (p<0.001). Both flow and aspiration force significantly increased with catheter size (p<0.001). Cases are presented to demonstrate the clinical value of the laboratory principles.ConclusionsMaximizing static and dynamic pressure when performing FST is achieved by aspirating with a syringe possessing both the largest volume and the largest inlet diameter available. Maximizing aspiration force and flow rate is achieved by using the largest catheter possible.
Relationship of Early-Onset Baldness to Prostate Cancer in African-American Men
Authors: Zeigler-Johnson Charnita , Morales Knashawn H. , Spangler Elaine , Chang Bao-Li , Rebbeck Timothy R. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground: Early-onset baldness has been linked to prostate cancer; however, little is known about this relationship in AfricanAmericans who are at elevated prostate cancer risk.Methods: We recruited 219 African-American controls and 318 African-American prostate cancer cases. We determined age-stratified associations of baldness with prostate cancer occurrence and severity defined by high stage (T3/T4) or high grade (Gleason 7+.) Associations of androgen metabolism genotypes (CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP3A43, AR-CAG, SRD5A2 A49T, and SRD5A2 V89L), family history, alcohol intake, and smoking were examined by baldness status and age group by using multivariable logistic regression models.Results: Baldness was associated with odds of prostate cancer [OR = 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–2.74]. Frontal baldness was associated with high-stage (OR = 2.61; 95% CI, 1.10–6.18) and high-grade (OR = 2.20; 95% CI, 1.05–4.61) tumors. For men diagnosed less than the age of 60 years, frontal baldness was associated with high stage (OR = 6.51; 95% CI, 2.11–20.06) and high grade (OR = 4.23; 95% CI, 1.47–12.14). We also observed a suggestion of an interaction among smoking, median age, and any baldness (P = 0.02).Conclusions: We observed significant associations between early-onset baldness and prostate cancer in African-American men. Interactions with age and smoking were suggested in these associations. Studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms influencing the relationship between baldness and prostate cancer in African-American men.Impact: African-American men present with unique risk factors including baldness patterns that may contribute to prostate cancer disparities. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(4); 589–96. ©2013 AACR.
Potent Antimyeloma Activity of a Novel ERK5/CDK Inhibitor
Authors: Álvarez-Fernández Stela , Ortiz-Ruiz María Jesús , Parrott Tracy , Zaknoen Sara , Ocio Enrique M. , San Miguel Jesús , Burrows Francis J. , Esparís-Ogando Azucena , Pandiella Atanasio 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Purpose: To analyze the antimyeloma potential of TG02, an ERK5/CDK inhibitory drug.
Experimental Design: Utilizing different multiple myeloma cell lines we determined the effect of TG02 over viability by MTT assays. The apoptotic effect over multiple myeloma patient samples was studied ex vivo by cytometry. The mechanism of action of TG02 was analyzed in the cell line MM1S, studying its effect on the cell cycle, the induction of apoptosis, and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential by cytometry and Western blot. Two models of multiple myeloma xenograft were utilized to study the in vivo action of TG02.
Results: TG02 potently inhibited proliferation and survival of multiple myeloma cell lines, even under protective bone marrow niche conditions, and selectively induced apoptosis of primary patient-derived malignant plasma cells. TG02 displayed significant single-agent activity in two multiple myeloma xenograft models, and enhanced the in vivo activity of bortezomib and lenalidomide. Signaling analyses revealed that the drug simultaneously blocked the activity of CDKs 1, 2, and 9 as well as the MAP kinase ERK5 in MM1S cells, leading to cell-cycle arrest and rapid commitment to apoptosis. TG02 induced robust activation of both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis, and depletion of XIAP and the key multiple myeloma survival protein Mcl-1.
Conclusions: TG02 is a promising new antimyeloma agent that is currently in phase I clinical trials in leukemia and multiple myeloma patients. Clin Cancer Res; 19(10); 2677–87. ©2013 AACR.
PIK3CA Mutation Is Associated with a Favorable Prognosis among Patients with Curatively Resected Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Shigaki Hironobu , Baba Yoshifumi , Watanabe Masayuki , Murata Asuka , Ishimoto Takatsugu , Iwatsuki Masaaki , Iwagami Shiro , Nosho Katsuhiko , Baba Hideo 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Purpose: PIK3CA encodes the catalytic subunit of PI3K, p110α. Mutant PIK3CA stimulates the AKT pathway and promotes cancer cell proliferation. PIK3CA mutations have been associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal or lung cancer. In contrast, the relationship between PIK3CA mutations and favorable prognoses has been shown in breast cancer. However, the influence of PIK3CA mutations on the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear.
Experimental Design: Using a nonbiased database of 219 curatively resected ESCCs and eight esophageal cancer cell lines, we evaluated PIK3CA mutational status by pyrosequencing. The expression of p53 and phosphorylated AKT (i.e., AKT activation) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry.
Results: PIK3CA mutations in exon 9 and/or 20 were detected in 46 cases (21%). No ESCC cell line harbored PIK3CA mutations. PIK3CA mutations were significantly associated with phosphorylated AKT expression, but not with p53 expression, sex, age at surgery, tobacco use, alcohol use, or histologic grade. Compared with wild-type PIK3CA cases, patients with PIK3CA mutations in exons 9 and/or 20 experienced significantly better disease-free survival [log-rank P = 0.0089; univariate HR: 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15–0.75, P = 0.0042; multivariate HR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.10–0.86, P = 0.021] and overall survival (log-rank P = 0.012; univariate HR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16–0.78, P = 0.0060; multivariate HR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.10–0.90, P = 0.028).
Conclusion: PIK3CA mutations in ESCC are associated with longer survival, suggesting its role as a prognostic biomarker. Future studies are needed to confirm this association and to elucidate the exact mechanisms by which PIK3CA mutations affect tumor behavior. Clin Cancer Res; 19(9); 2451–9. ©2013 AACR.
Response to Cabozantinib in Patients with RET Fusion-Positive Lung Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Drilon Alexander , Wang Lu , Hasanovic Adnan , Suehara Yoshiyuki , Lipson Doron , Stephens Phil , Ross Jeffrey , Miller Vincent , Ginsberg Michelle , Zakowski Maureen F. , Kris Mark G. , Ladanyi Marc , Rizvi Naiyer 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The discovery of RET fusions in lung cancers has uncovered a new therapeutic target for patients whose tumors harbor these changes. In an unselected population of non–small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs), RET fusions are present in 1% to 2% of cases. This incidence increases substantially, however, in never-smokers with lung adenocarcinomas that lack other known driver oncogenes. Although preclinical data provide experimental support for the use of RET inhibitors in the treatment of RET fusion-positive tumors, clinical data on response are lacking. We report preliminary data for the first three patients treated with the RET inhibitor cabozantinib on a prospective phase II trial for patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLCs (NCT01639508). Confirmed partial responses were observed in 2 patients, including one harboring a novel TRIM33–RET fusion. A third patient with a KIF5B–RET fusion has had prolonged stable disease approaching 8 months (31 weeks). All three patients remain progression-free on treatment.
Significance: Driver oncogene discovery in lung cancers has dramatically changed today's therapeutic landscape. This report of the activity of cabozantinib in RET fusion-positive disease provides early clinical validation of RET fusions as drivers in lung cancers and suggests that RET inhibition may represent a new treatment paradigm in this molecular cohort. Cancer Discov; 3(6); 630–5. ©2013 AACR.
See related commentary by Gainor and Shaw, p. 604
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 591
Development of the Handicap Assessment and Resource Tool (HART)
Authors: Vertesi Andrea , Darzins Peteris , Lowe Shari , McEvoy Esther , Edwards Mary 
Published: March 2013

An important determinant of whether people can live in community settings is the absence of significant handicap. People with considerable disabilities can live without handicap if they have adequate supports. Handicap, rather than disability, limits peoples' residence options. Disability assessment tools are commonly used to guide where people can live - these assess neither the resources available nor the personal-care handicap present. The Handicap Assessment and Resource Tool (HART) was designed to provide information about the personal-care issues (clothing, hygiene, nutrition, mobility, safety, residence and supports) relevant to choice of residence. The HART was tested by occupational therapists who are frequently expected to provide recommendations regarding disabled clients' residence options. It is a client-centred tool that addresses key occupational performance components of personal care. Pilot testing in hospital and community settings shows the HART is a comprehensive and practical tool that is acceptable to users and clients.
Exploring the impact of multiple sclerosis on couples: A pilot study
Authors: Blank Carolyn Wilkens , Finlayson Marcia 
Published: March 2013

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease that affects the everyday lives of people with MS and their partners. Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of MS on the lives of two couples living with this disease and their coping strategies. Methods Three semi-structured interviews with each couple were completed. Partners were interviewed together as a couple and separately. Results Two major themes emerged from the analysis: increasing awareness of change and use of coping strategies. Participants expressed concerns stemming from the progression of MS and changes related to this progression over time. They discussed several coping strategies. Practice Implications These findings offer occupational therapists guidance with their treatment focus in clinical practice and suggest topics for further qualitative research on couples living with MS.
A Pilot Project Pre-Kindergarten Program
Authors: Stalker Aileen , Doidge Mary 
Published: March 2013

Cet article nous parle de la logique de prévoir un programme spécifique de langage pour les enfants en pré-maternelle qui sont désavantagés au point de vue éducationnel; il décrit aussi un projet-pilote impliquant sept enfants et trois meneurs. Un programme d'enrichissement qui apporterait un bagage maximum d'expériences à l'enfant privilégié au point de vue culturel a été rejeté ici en faveur d'une situation d'apprentissage spécifique, rapide et aca-démiquement orientée dont les enfants désavantagés ont besoin pour tenter de surmonter leur retard. Il semble que cette situation serait plus adaptée en modelant le programme de la maternelle d'après les besoins de la classe moyenne plutôt que d'après l'approche traditionnel “d'enrichissement”. Nous avons donc essayés de toucher certaines caractéristiques de la classe moyenne telles que: le contact avec les adultes, l'expérience verbale, les règlements, la propreté, la retenue physique, l'orientation future et le sens de la réalité. Comme la communication verbale et la capacité de raisonner sont d'importance majeure dans la réussite académique pendant les années d'études, on a insisté pour fournir un champs plus vaste d'expériences verbales …
Programme de sensibilisation à la personne handicapée, réalisé en milieu scolaire
Authors: Ferland Francine , Oliel-Amar Annette 
Published: March 2013

Cet article rapporte la conception, la réalisation et l'évaluation d'un programme de sensibilisation à la personne handicapée mis sur pied par l'École de réadaptation, de l'Université de Montréal. Ce programme s'adressait aux élèves d'écoles primaires de la région montréalaise et a été réalisé conjointement par des personnes handicapées et des étudiants en ergothérapie, au cours des mois de mai et de juin 1981. Les résultats obtenus à l'aide de questionnaires sont présentés et discutés. L'importance d'une action sociale de ce type dans le but de favoriser une meilleure acceptation et intégration de la personne handicapée est soulignée.
A Study of Attitudes towards Work: Possible Implications for Delegating Responsibility
Authors: Huxley Jennifer , Trujillo Steve 
Published: March 2013

An extensive survey was conducted among Ontario occupational therapists and auxiliary personnel (assistants and aides). Part of the survey requested that members of each of the two groups rate its own group and the other group with respect to attitudes about motivation toward work and response to work. Numerous demographic characteristics were identified as well. Results show that both occupational therapists and auxiliary personnel believe they are motivated primarily by the challenges of their jobs. Auxiliary personnel rate occupational therapists very much as they rate themselves. However, occupational therapists believe auxiliary personnel are motivated not by the challenge of their job but rather by money and job security issues. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Knowledge and Use of Theory among Occupational Therapists: A Canadian Survey
Authors: Law Mary , McCoII Mary Ann 
Published: March 2013

Recent interest in occupational therapy theory has focussed attention on the utility of theory for clinical-practice and for research. However, for many therapists, knowledge and use of theory have changed notably since their educational days, and the process of keeping up to date on theory development may be difficult. This paper presents the results of a survey aimed at identifying the extent of use of theory and the level of knowledge about theory among practicing therapists in Canada. A random sample of 187 therapists from across the country was surveyed to ascertain their knowledge of authors and ideas in the occupational therapy theory literature. Results indicate that overall knowledge level is moderate. Factors which significantly predict theory knowledge include year of graduation, training in or outside Canada, academic qualification, and self-assessment of theory knowledge. There were no significant differences in theory knowledge according to area of clinical practice.
Using the World Health Organization's International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps in Occupational Therapy
Authors: Townsend Elizabeth , Ryan Brenda , Law Mary 
Published: March 2013

Health status, although commonly defined in terms of the presence or absence of disease, can also be defined in terms of performance or functional status. Loss of performance results in disablement. The authors summarize the conceptual framework and categorization in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH) (1980) and the Model of Occupational Performance in the Guidelines for the Client-Centred Practice of Occupational Therapy (Health and Welfare Canada and the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists, 1983; 1986). Complementary elements of the ICIDH and the Model of Occupational Performance appear to be recognition that performance is an element of holistic health influenced by the social, physical and cultural environment. Also, the ICIDH categories of disablement appear to be conceptually mirrored in the model's categories of occupational performance. The authors use client and service data to illustrate three uses of the ICIDH in occupational therapy: communication with other health professionals; program planning and management; and, clinical evaluation and research.
Manage or Be Managed: Where Do You Stand?
Authors: Chilton Heather 
Published: March 2013

Proficiency in administration is an essential component for all occupational therapists whether they are managing a caseload or directing the activities of a large department. However, more attention needs to be paid to preparing therapists for management roles by professional organizations in occupational therapy, at both provincial and national levels. Occupational therapy mangers have a role to play as well. The issues are reviewed briefly and recommendations to improve the situation are made.
Étude descriptive sur l'intégration au travail de jeunes adultes présentant une infirmité motrice cérébrale
Authors: Bouchard Anne , Bourbonnais Renée , Tétreault Sylvie 
Published: March 2013

Le travail joue un rôle primordial dans la vie de tous les individus. Toutefois, il demeure inaccessible pour certains jeunes adultes vivant avec une déficience physique. Les données recueillies lors de cette recherche ont permis de décrire 67 jeunes adultes présentant une infirmité motrice cérébrale. Les variables socio-démographiques, l'état de santé, le niveau d'autonomie dans les activités de la vie quotidienne et le statut de travail ont été examinés. Des proportions ont été calculées et ont été comparées pour chacune des catégories de ces variables. De plus, les variables ayant un lien avec le statut de travail ont été mises en évidence. Ces variables, soit l'âge, l'âge au premier emploi, le type d'école fréquentée, la capacité de remplir soi-même le questionnaire, la présence de problèmes de santé et la majorité des activités de la vie quotidienne, semblent toutes reliées à l'autonomie de la personne. Enfin, il apparaît que les résultats obtenus concordent en général avec ceux retrouvés dans la littérature c'est-à-dire que les mêmes variables montrent un lien avec le travail.
A Comparison of Interface Pressure Readings to Wheelchair Cushions and Positioning: A Pilot Study
Authors: Pellow Tanya Rose 
Published: March 2013

Occupational therapists are often involved in assessing the seating needs of clients who have quadriplegia. One component of this process involves determining the appropriate use of wheelchair cushions and pressure relieving techniques in the prevention of pressure sores. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of tilt and recline positioning and various wheelchair cushions on interface pressures at the ischial tuberosities and the sacrum of two subjects with C5 quadriplegia. In addition, interface pressures under bony prominences were assessed in the personal driving position (when the subject enters), neutral, 35 degree tilt, 45 degree tilt, and maximum recline (150 degrees). The results of this study indicate that for the two subjects evaluated, higher average interface pressures at the ischial tuberosities were obtained when using one of the three cushions under scrutiny. Futhermore, the general trend observed with both subjects is a reduction of pressure readings at the ischial tuberosities with tilt and recline positioning (especially with 45 degree tilt and 150 degree recline). The findings of this study are in keeping with previous studies which identified that individual and ongoing assessment is essential in providing the best cushion and pressure relief techniques for individuals.
Improving the Driver–Automation Interaction
Authors: Beller Johannes , Heesen Matthias , Vollrath Mark 
Published: March 2013

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether communicating automation uncertainty improves the driver–automation interaction. Background: A false system understanding of infallibility may provoke automation misuse and can lead to severe consequences in case of automation failure. The presentation of automation uncertainty may prevent this false system understanding and, as was shown by previous studies, may have numerous benefits. Few studies, however, have clearly shown the potential of communicating uncertainty information in driving. The current study fills this gap. Method: We conducted a driving simulator experiment, varying the presented uncertainty information between participants (no uncertainty information vs. uncertainty information) and the automation reliability (high vs. low) within participants. Participants interacted with a highly automated driving system while engaging in secondary tasks and were required to cooperate with the automation to drive safely. Results: Quantile regressions and multilevel modeling showed that the presentation of uncertainty information increases the time to collision in the case of automation failure. Furthermore, the data indicated improved situation awareness and better knowledge of fallibility for the experimental group. Consequently, the automation with the uncertainty symbol received higher trust ratings and increased acceptance. Conclusion: The presentation of automation uncertainty through a symbol improves overall driver–automation cooperation. Application: Most automated systems in driving could benefit from displaying reliability information. This display might improve the acceptance of fallible systems and further enhances driver–automation cooperation.