bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal contact conductance of elastically deforming nominally flat surfaces using fractal geometry
Authors: M. Abuzeida Osama , Alnumanb Nasim 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– This work aims at constructing a continuous mathematical, linear elastic, model for the thermal contact conductance (TCC) of two rough surfaces in contact.

Design/methodology/approach
– The rough surfaces, known to be physical fractal, are modelled using a deterministic Cantor structure. Such structure shows several levels of imperfections and including, therefore, several scales in the constriction of the flux lines. The proposed model will study the effect of the deformation (approach) of the two rough surfaces on the TCC as a function of the remotely applied load.

Findings
– An asymptotic power law, derived using approximate iterative relations, is used to express the area of contact and, consequently, the thermal conductance as a function of the applied load. The model is valid only when the approach of the two surface in contact is of the order of the surface roughness. The results obtained using this model, which admits closed form solution, are displayed graphically for selected values of the system parameters; the fractal surface roughness and various material properties. The obtained results showed good agreement with published experimental results both in trend and the numerical values.

Originality/value
– The model obtained provides further insight into the effect that surface texture has on the heat conductance process. The proposed model could be used to conduct an analytical investigation of the thermal conductance of rough surfaces in contact. This model, although simple (composed of springs), nevertheless works well.
Measurement of oil film thickness for complete stroke length in an unfired I C engine
Authors: A. Bulsara Mukesh , V. Bhatt Dhananjay , N. Mistry Kishore 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present a measurement technique wherein the film thickness is measured in unfired condition for entire stroke length but without impairing the original condition of piston ring, liner and lubricant, i.e. non-invasively. Film thickness is measured at different speeds up to 500 rpm. The measurements are initially carried out at near zero speed followed by speeds mentioned above. Measurement highlights the combined effect of variation of bore diameter and ring face profile on the film thickness.

Design/methodology/approach
– The film thickness is measured with the help of a set of strain gauges. Four strain gauges are mounted on a sufficiently elastic steel strip which is mounted in a simply supported condition. This assembly of strain gauge is mounted on small rectangular bracket. A cutout is made in the piston to accommodate the bracket. A pin bearing a slot of size sufficient enough to accommodate the piston ring on one side is fixed between the piston ring and the strain gauge assembly. This ensures the transfer of the movement of the piston ring on to the strain gauge. The deflection of the strain gauge is pre-calibrated against a sufficiently accurate dial gauge. Hence any radial movement of the piston ring is sensed by the strain gauge assembly. A data logger unit is connected to the strain gauge output to log the data at every crank angle. A rotary encoder is connected to the crank shaft, to have the correlation of the strain gauge output with the crank angle.

Findings
– The technique is capable of measuring oil film thickness for entire stroke at low speeds in unfired engines. The effect of variation in bore diameter on the oil film thickness is significant and hence such measurement can enlighten the path for research to reduce friction. The experimental results of the oil film thickness are in good agreement with predicted values, particularly in the forward stroke (BDC to TDC).

Research limitations/implications
– The methodology is not suitable for fired engines as on date but can be taken up as a future work with necessary modifications. It does not take into consideration the effect of elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication.

Practical implications
– It can be used to measure OFT between piston ring and liner in unfired engines and reciprocating compressors also.

Social implications
– It can help to indentify the areas of research so that the friction between piston ring and liner can be reduced thus increasing efficiency of the engine and reducing fuel consumption and emissions.

Originality/value
– The work presented is a part of PhD work under progress at S V National Institute of Technology, Surat, India. The setup is in the college premises and the experiments are conducted on the same.
Distribution and surface characteristic of transfer film of polyamide composites filled with ZnOw during traction rolling
Authors: Wang Shibo 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the distribution and surface characteristic of transfer film of polyamide composites filled with ZnOw during traction rolling.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this paper, the traction rolling tribological behavior of polyamide composites filled with ZnOw was studied with a twin-disc traction rolling tester. The topography of transfer film was observed with a three dimensional profiler. Meantime the thickness of transfer film was measured. The chemistry elements of transfer film were analyzed with EDS and XRD.

Findings
– The results indicated that transfer film of composites patchily covered on the surface of counter disc, the amount of which increased with increasing cycles. The coverage and thickness of pure PA film increased against rolling cycles. However, the thickness of 15 wt.% ZnOw/PA film remained at 6 μm as the coverage rose against rolling cycles. Fe element was found in pure PA transfer film, which existed in Fe0 and FeO for chemical reaction between Fe and atmospheric oxygen. Transfer film of 15 wt.% ZnOw/PA composites included a little Zn and Fe element. Fe element existed as Fe0. Zn element existed as ZnO.

Originality/value
– This paper presented the distribution and surface characteristic of transfer film during traction rolling.
An intelligent integrative assistive system for dyslexic learners
Authors: Mpia Ndombo Daniel , Ojo Sunday , O. Osunmakinde Isaac 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– The objective of this paper is to present a comprehensive literature survey on dyslexic learners and to propose a model for integrated assistive technology of dyslexic learners.

Design/methodology/approach
– The use of the proposed model through real-life scenarios categorized as “phonological, reading and writing scenarios”. We have also surveyed some systems for use with dyslexic learners currently in use and have compared them on the basis of number of barriers, technological innovation, age group and fostering.

Findings
– Dyslexic learners are characterized by slow learning, poor handwriting, poor spelling skills and difficulties in planning, organizing, revising and editing texts; technology plays a major role in the educational environment; it has become crucial in impacting knowledge across the globe; and open research issues and challenges that have to be addressed in the design of the current dyslexic system have been presented in detail.

Research limitations/implications
– Full implementation of the proposed model and its application in developing countries.

Practical implications
– The system improves the phonological awareness, reading and writing skills of dyslexic learners and it provides a solution for children as well as adults with dyslexia.

Social implications
– This survey can be used as a reference guide to understand learning barriers and intelligent systems for dyslexic learners and to promote the use of these in schools for those with learning disabilities who need assistive technologies.

Originality/value
– Development of a newly proposed integrated intelligent assistive system for dyslexic learners; knowledge generation as a reference guide to understand dyslexic learning ability in general and an intelligent assistive dyslexic system in particular; and survey of open research issues and challenges to further research in intelligent dyslexic systems.
Retrenchment and restructuring: family support and children's services reform under the coalition
Authors: Churchill Harriet 
Published: August 2013

Purpose– With the UK Conservative-Liberal Democrat Government reaching its mid-term point, this paper examines its austerity measures and public expenditure reductions in family support and children's services, and its revisions of family support, family intervention, child poverty, child well-being and children's services reform policies in contrast to the former Labour governments.Design/methodology/approach– The paper is informed by policy analysis and research reviews.Findings– The analysis focuses on three dimensions of policy change: first, reductions in income support for children and families and central government funding for children's services; second, refocusing child poverty, child well-being and family policies around the Conservative's “Broken Britain” campaign and the Liberal Democrats targeted social mobility initiatives; and finally, broader children's services reforms. The paper recognises some progressive developments but charts the social welfare implications of reduced welfare entitlements for families and the pressures on support services for families from children's services reforms.Originality/value– The paper combines reflections on the aims, achievements and limitations of Labour reforms to family support and children's services with a broader analysis of welfare state retrenchment and restructuring under the Coalition. It places current changes in family support and children's services within the context of the ideological influences on the Coalition's social policies and the primacy of its austerity programme and welfare state reform agendas.
The impact of participation in research on practitioners: a qualitative study among practitioners who delivered interventions in the Helping Children Achieve study
Authors: Marlow Ruth , T. Hunt William , Reville Marie-Claire , Lynes Andrena , Lowe Jade , Ford Tamsin 
Published: August 2013

Purpose
– Community-based randomised control trials (RCTs) rely heavily on the involvement and collaboration of statutory and third-sector services and their employees. This paper seeks to explore the experiences of practitioners working within a statutory children and family service setting that delivered additional parenting programmes evaluated by an RCT.

Design/methodology/approach
– Practitioners completed a semi-structured interview about their experiences of the research trial based on a topic guide. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.

Findings
– Results suggest that the experience of being involved in research was mostly positive for practitioners, but also produced additional stress. The research brought them the experience of being involved with national and international teams; and they valued the additional supervision and training that they received. They spoke about the skills that they developed and how they were able to continue to use these after the research trial had ended.

Originality/value
– Little is known about how services working alongside major research projects experience their involvement and what impact, if any, this has on them. This may be important as it could influence successful recruitment and retention of practitioners during RCTs, and the successful design and execution of other types of evaluation.
Cloud sourcing and innovation: slow train coming?
Authors: Willcocks Leslie P. , Venters Will , Whitley Edgar A. 
Published: August 2013

PurposeAlthough cloud computing has been heralded as driving the innovation agenda, there is growing evidence that cloud computing is actually a “slow train coming”. The purpose of this paper is to seek to understand the factors that drive and inhibit the adoption of cloud computing, particularly in relation to its use for innovative practices.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on a composite research base including two detailed surveys and interviews with 56 participants in the cloud supply chain undertaken between 2010 and 2013. The insights from this data are presented in relation to set of antecedents to innovation and a cloud sourcing model of collaborative innovation.FindingsThe paper finds that while some features of cloud computing will hasten the adoption of cloud, and its use for innovative purposes by the enterprise, there are also clear challenges that need to be addressed before cloud can be adopted successfully. Interestingly, the analysis highlights that many of these challenges arise from the technological nature of cloud computing itself.Research limitations/implicationsThe research highlights a series of factors that need to be better understood for the maximum benefit from cloud computing to be achieved. Further research is needed to assess the best responses to these challenges.Practical implicationsThe research suggests that enterprises need to undertake a number of steps for the full benefits of cloud computing to be achieved. It suggests that collaborative innovation is not necessarily an immediate consequence of adopting cloud computing.Originality/valueThe paper draws on an extensive research base to provide empirically informed analysis of the complexities of adopting cloud computing for innovation.
Strategic outsourcing: a lean tool of healthcare supply chain management
Authors: Machado Guimarães Cristina , Crespo de Carvalho José 
Published: August 2013

PurposeConsidering lean thinking inside and beyond the organisation's boundaries, in the extended supply chain, this paper aims to fill a literature gap clearly stating some outsourcing practices as lean practices and establishing a deployment evolution parallel between both practices.Design/methodology/approachA literature review was carried out collecting cases of lean deployment in healthcare, from both scientific and grey literature. Cases were classified according to lean deployment taxonomy in healthcare settings, showing some differences in lean journey stages in 15 countries.FindingsThere is an alignment between SCM thinking in healthcare and lean thinking that places a SCM decision as outsourcing as a lean practice serving not only strategic intent but solving operational efficiency. There is a match between different outsourcing drivers (transactional, strategic and transformational) and lean maturity levels. The main constraint to deployment of both lean and outsourcing practices are cultural differences.Practical implicationsUnderstanding lean and outsourcing different deployment maturity levels under the national cultural umbrella can open new perspectives to study lean sustainability factors and better outsourcing relationships in healthcare organisations.Originality/valueThis paper presents a merger between the state‐of‐the art of both lean and outsourcing practices in healthcare settings and suggests an outsourcing and lean evolving pathway.
Syntactic versus lexical therapy for anomia in acquired aphasia: differential effects on narrative and conversation
Authors: Herbert Ruth , Gregory Emma , Best Wendy 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies of therapy for acquired anomia have treated nouns in isolation. The effect on nouns in connected speech remains unclear. In a recent study in 2012, we used a novel noun syntax therapy and found an increase in the number of determiner plus noun constructions in narrative after therapy.AimsTwo aims arose from the previous study: to identify the critical ingredient in the noun syntax therapy, specifically whether this is lexical production, or the syntactic context; and to extend the analysis of the effects beyond narrative into conversation.Methods & ProceduresWe compared the effects of lexical therapy with those of noun syntax therapy in one individual with aphasia, in a sequential intervention design. We analysed the effects on conversation and on narrative.Outcomes & ResultsThere was improved picture naming of treated words after both therapies. Lexical therapy had no impact on narrative and conversation, whereas noun syntax therapy led to more noun production, primarily in the context of determiner plus noun combinations.Conclusions & ImplicationsThe results support the claim that greater impact on narrative and conversation can be achieved for some people with aphasia by treating nouns in syntactic contexts.
New species of flightless doryctine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Belokobylskij Sergey A , Austin Andrew D 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe Australasian braconid wasp fauna has an apparent high proportion of reduced‐winged and wingless species compared with other regions, although the reasons for this are not particularly clear. In this study, five such new species of Doryctinae, Dendrosotinus (Gildoria) chathamicus sp. nov. (Chatham Is, New Zealand), Neorhaconotus julieae sp. nov. (Australia), Ontsira naumanni sp. nov. (Australia), Spathiomorpha jenningsi sp. nov. (Australia), and Spathius thorpei sp. nov. (New Zealand), are described and illustrated from the region. The first four of these represent the first records of flightless species in their respective genera. Spathius pedestris Wesmael is recorded from the region (New Zealand) for the first time and has undoubtedly been introduced there, having been reared from the common furniture beetle (Anobiidae), Anobium punctatum De Geer. The makeup of the Australasian doryctine fauna and possible reasons for the evolution of flightless species are discussed.
Baseline susceptibility and cross‐resistance in Aphis gossypii Glover (Aphididae: Hemiptera) to phorate and sulfoxaflor
Authors: Herron Grant A , Langfield Brendan J , Bogema Daniel R , Chen Yizhou 
Published: August 2013

AbstractSusceptible discriminating doses of phorate (0.2 g/L) and sulfoxaflor (0.01 g/L) against cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover were determined by laboratory bioassay where aphids were sprayed with insecticide with the aid of a Potter spray tower. All of the populations tested were susceptible to sulfoxaflor, and only a pirimicarb resistant strain had cross‐resistance to phorate. If phorate is used as a side dressing in Australian cotton for insect control, neither pirimicarb, or any other chemical associated with insensitive acetylcholinesterase type one resistance, should be used as the first foliar spray for any subsequent aphid control.
Low host specificity of beetles associated with fruit falls in lowland tropical rainforest of north‐east Australia
Authors: Grimbacher Peter S , Nichols Cassandra , Wardhaugh Carl W , Stork Nigel E 
Published: August 2013

AbstractMost host‐specificity studies of tropical rainforest insects have focused on those species feeding on leaves. Apart from the fruit flies, the level of specialisation among fruit‐associated insects is poorly known. The relative contribution to local species richness made by insects feeding or associated with fallen fruits is also unknown. Beetles from fruit falls over a 5‐year period in lowland tropical rainforest at Cape Tribulation, Australia were sampled. A total of 5157 individual beetles of 73 species were sampled from the fruits of 18 different plant species. Only a few species were of frugivorous families, and most species are likely utilising resources associated with the breakdown of the fruits. The size of the fruit fall‐associated beetle assemblage (73 spp) was small compared with the number of species collected during a 4‐year sampling program conducted at the same site prior to the current study using 10 combined Malaise‐Flight Interception Traps (1473 spp, 77 families). The number of beetles and species collected from fruit that were very strongly correlated with the number of times fruit falls from a particular species of plant were sampled. The locally common palm, Normanbya normanbyi, produced fruit throughout the year and supported the largest number of fruit‐associated species. It is suggested that this might be a keystone resource for local fruit fall‐associated insect species. Although most beetle species showed a preference for the fruits of a particular plant species, overall host specificity for beetles was low. This is probably because fruit resources at this site are spatially and temporally patchy. Our results challenge the notion that most insects associated with fruit falls in tropical rainforests are highly host‐specific.
Trans‐Bass Strait speciation and trans‐Pacific dispersal in the Myoporum thrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae)
Authors: Cameron Stephen L , Mound Laurence A 
Published: August 2013

AbstractMolecular and morphological data indicate that the pest thrips damaging Myoporum species in California and Hawai'i, Klambothrips myopori Mound and Morris, originated in Tasmania, Australia. This trans‐Pacific dispersal presumably resulted from the international horticultural trade in Myoporum species. The data distinguish the pest from K. adelaideae sp.n. that induces leaf deformation on M. insulare along the coast of mainland Australia that is separated by ∼300 km from Tasmania by the Bass Strait. K. myopori is more damaging to its non‐native hosts in California and Hawai'i than to M. insulare in Tasmania, and further research is needed to determine if this is the result of release from its natural enemies. However, in certain areas of California, some Myoporum species are invasive weeds, and K. myopori may be considered an example of an accidental but beneficial introduction in this instance because of its detrimental impact on the plant species.
Multiple clear‐cell acanthomas
Authors: Martínez Escanamé Marcela , Arzberger Edith , Hofmann‐Wellenhof Rainer , Massone Cesare 
Published: August 2013

AbstractClear‐cell acanthoma (CCA) usually presents as a solitary lesion involving the lower extremities. The abrupt onset of multiple CCA has been rarely reported. Such presentation may impose clinical diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. A 52‐year‐old man with multiple CCA is presented in this communication. The value of dermoscopy has been demonstrated in the setting of CCA. However, because of the unusual clinical presentation reflecting confocal microscopy was also performed in this case to enhance the accuracy of the clinical and dermoscopic diagnosis.