bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fisetin induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest by inactivating cdc25C-cdc2 via ATM-Chk1/2 activation in human endometrial cancer cells
Authors: Wang Zan-Ying , Liu Wen-Qiong , Wang Si’e , Wei Zeng-Tao 
Published: May 2015

<p>Endometrial cancer is one of the most prevalent gynaecological malignancies where, currently available therapeutic options remain limited. Recently phytochemicals are exploited for their efficiency in cancer therapy. The present study investigates the anti-proliferative effect of fisetin, a flavonoid on human endometrial cancer cells (KLE and Hec1 A). Fisetin (20-100 µM) effectively reduced the viability of Hec1 A and KLE cells and potentially altered the cell population at G2/M stage. Expression levels of the cell cycle proteins (cyclin B1, p-Cdc2, p-Cdc25C, p-Chk1, Chk2, p-ATM, cyclin B1, H2AX, p21 and p27) were analyzed. Fisetin suppressed cyclin B1 expression and caused inactiva-tion of Cdc25C and Cdc2 by increasing their phosphorylation levels and further activated ATM, Chk1 and Chk2. Increased levels of p21 and p27 were observed as well. These results suggest that fisetin induced G2/M cell cycle arrest via inactivating Cdc25c and Cdc2 through activation of ATM, Chk1 and Chk2.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Antibacterial mode of action of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> leaf essential oil: Effect on morphology and membrane permeability
Authors: Bajpai Vivek K. , Sharma Ajay , Baek Kwang-Hyun 
Published: May 2015

<p>This study was aimed to evaluate antimicrobial mode of action of <em>Ginkgo biloba</em> leaf essential oil against foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Gas-chromatography and mass-spectrometric analysis determined 34 different compounds, representing 95.45% of the total oil. The <em>G. biloba</em> leaf essential oil (1,000 µg/disc) showed potential antibacterial effect as diameters of inhibition zones (12.0 ± 0.4-18.0 ± 1.2 mm) along with minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration values ranging of 250-1,000 µg/mL. Also the <em>G. biloba</em> leaf essential oil had potential inhibitory effect on the cell viability of the tested pathogens. The scanning electron microscopic analysis using <em>G. biloba</em> leaf essential oil showed considerable morphological alterations on the cell wall of tested pathogens. The oil revealed its mode of action on membrane integrity as confirmed by release of extracellular ATP, increase of 260-nm absorbing materials and increased leakage of potassium ions against foodborne pathogenic bacteria. </p><p> </p>
Resveratrol inhibits cadmium induced neuronal apoptosis by modulating calcium signalling pathway via regulation of MAPK/mTOR network
Authors: Lin Feng , Peng Yu-Hua , Yang Qing-He , Mi Xiu-Ju 
Published: May 2015

<p>Cadmium, a toxic environmental contaminant, induces oxidative stress leading to various neurodegenerative disorders, where it interferes with homeos-tasis of intracellular free calcium ([Ca<sup>2+</sup>]i), leading to cellular damage and apoptosis. We investigated whether resveratrol, a plant-derived antioxidant could offer protection against cadmium-induced neuroapoptosis. Primary cortical neurons were exposed to cadmium (10 or 20 µM) with/without prior exposure to resveratrol (5, 10 or 20 µM) for 12 hours and unexposed cells served as control. Resveratrol caused marked reduction in cadmium-induced neuronal apoptosis and down-regulated caspase-3 expressions. Cadmium-induced marked elevations in reactive oxygen species, and ([Ca<sup>2+</sup>]i) levels were potentially reduced by resveratrol. Resveratrol effectively regulated the alterations observed in the activation levels of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and proteins of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. Thus, resveratrol effectively protected the cortical neurons exposed to cadmium by modulating the ([Ca<sup>2+</sup>]i) levels and regulating the MAPK/mTOR pathways.</p><p> </p>
A novel retinoic acid chalcone reverses epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Zhong Jian , Hou Jian-Quan 
Published: May 2015

<p>The present study was performed to investigate the effect of retinoic acid fluoro chalcone (RAFC) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PC3 and CWR22rv1 prostate cell lines. Lipo-polysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate carcinoma cell lines. The results revealed that treatment of PC3 and CWR22rv1 cells with LPS resulted in significant changes in the morphological features of the EMT. The mesenchymal marker, vimentin expression was significantly increased whereas the expression level of E‑cadherin was markedly decreased after the treatment. We also observed increased cell motility and higher level of transcription factor glioma‑associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) expression on LPS treatment. Treatment of prostate cells with RAFC reversed the morphological changes induced by LPS in prostate cells. RAFC also reduced the expression of EMT markers induced by LPS and suppressed the Gli1 expression. The resultant effect of these changes was the suppression of motility and invasiveness of the prostrate cells. Thus, RAFC exhibited anti‑invasive effect on prostrate cells by inhibition of the EMT process via Hedgehog signaling pathway.</p><p class="Default"> </p>
Applicability of Gum Karaya in the Preparation and <I>in Vitro</I> Evaluation of Losartan Potassium as Chronotherapeutic Drug Delivery System
Authors: Latha K. , Srikanth V. V. , Sunil S. A. , Srinivasa N. R. , Uhumwangho M. U. , Shaik N. B. , Murthy K. V. R. 
Published: May 2015

The objective of this investigation is to study the applicability of gum karaya, the natural gum for the preparation and in vitro evaluation of losartan potassium, as Chronotherapeutic Drug Delivery System (ChDDS). The compression-coated timed-release tablets (CCT) containing losartan potassium in the core tablet were prepared by dry coating technique with different ratios of gum karaya as the outer coat. The parameters investigated were tensile strength, friability, in vitro dissolution studies and drug concentration. The optimized formulation was further characterized by powder XRD and FTIR to investigate interactions and no interactions observed. The tensile strength and friability of all the CCT were between 1.06-1.23 MN/m2 and < 0.3% respectively. All the CCT showed a clear lag time before a burst release of drug. However, the lag time of drug release increased as the amount of gum karaya in the outer layer increased. For instance, the lag time of LGK1, LGK2, LGK3, LGK4, LGK5, LGK6 and LGK7 were 16, 10.5, 5.5, 3, 2, 1.5 and 0.5 hrs respectively. The drug content of all the CCT was >98%. Formulation LGK3 was taken as an optimized formulation which can be exploited to achieve ChDDS of losartan potassium for the treatment of hypertension.
Study of Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Radioactivity in Environmental Samples
Authors: Ferdous J. , Biswas S. , Begum A. , Ferdous N. 
Published: May 2015

The main objective of this study is to determine the Gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity in environmental sample. Thirty samples of soil, water and vegetable were randomly collected from the different locations of Bheramara and Ishwardi near the proposed Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant area, Kushtia and Pabna, Bangladesh. The Gross Alpha activity under investigation ranges from 1.13 to 5.66 Bq kg-1 with an average of 2.78±0.16 Bq kg-1 for soil sample, 0.45 to 1.36 mBq L-1 with an average of 0.91± 0.18 mBq L-1 for water sample, and 0.23 to 1.81 Bq kg-1 with an average of 1.0 ±0.11 Bq kg-1 for vegetable sample. The Gross Beta activity under investigation ranges from 30.74 to 132 Bq kg-1 with an average of 71.85±1.99 Bq kg-1 for soil sample, 61.49 to 279 mBq L-1 with an average of 175 ±4.02 mBq L-1 for water sample, and 305 to 1676 Bq kg-1 with an average of 930 ±3.27 Bq kg-1 for vegetable sample. This study will help to prepare baseline data for gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity in environmental sample which will be used as finger print for the comparison of radioactivity level.
Consensus on the Need for a Hierarchical List of Patient-reported Pain Outcomes for Metaanalyses of Knee Osteoarthritis Trials: An OMERACT Objective
Authors: Christensen Robin , Maxwell Lara J. , Jüni Peter , Tovey David , Williamson Paula R. , Boers Maarten , Goel Niti , Buchbinder Rachelle , March Lyn , Terwee Caroline B. , Singh Jasvinder A. , Tugwell Peter 
Published: May 2015

Objective.Although protocol registration for systematic reviews is still not mandatory, reviewers should be strongly encouraged to register the protocol to identify the methodological approach, including all outcomes of interest. This will minimize the likelihood of biased decisions in reviews, such as selective outcome reporting. A group of international experts convened to address issues regarding the need to develop hierarchical lists of outcome measurement instruments for a particular outcome for metaanalyses.Methods.Multiple outcome measurement instruments exist to measure the same outcome. Metaanalysis of knee osteoarthritis (OA) trials, and the assessment of pain as an outcome, was used as an exemplar to assess how Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT), the Cochrane Collaboration, and other international initiatives might contribute in this area. The meeting began with formal presentations of background topics, empirical evidence from the literature, and a brief introduction to 2 existing hierarchical lists of pain outcome measurement instruments recommended for metaanalyses of knee OA trials.Results.After discussions, most participants agreed that there is a need to develop a methodology for generation of hierarchical lists of outcome measurement instruments to guide metaanalyses. Tools that could be used to steer development of such a prioritized list are the COSMIN checklist (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments) and the OMERACT Filter 2.0.Conclusion.We list meta-epidemiological research agenda items that address the frequency of reported outcomes in trials, as well as methodologies to assess the best measurement properties (i.e., truth, discrimination, and feasibility).
FcRn: The Architect Behind the Immune and Nonimmune Functions of IgG and Albumin
Authors: Pyzik Michal , Rath Timo , Lencer Wayne I. , Baker Kristi , Blumberg Richard S. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The neonatal FcR (FcRn) belongs to the extensive and functionally divergent family of MHC molecules. Contrary to classical MHC family members, FcRn possesses little diversity and is unable to present Ags. Instead, through its capacity to bind IgG and albumin with high affinity at low pH, it regulates the serum half-lives of both of these proteins. In addition, FcRn plays an important role in immunity at mucosal and systemic sites through its ability to affect the lifespan of IgG, as well as its participation in innate and adaptive immune responses. Although the details of its biology are still emerging, the ability of FcRn to rescue albumin and IgG from early degradation represents an attractive approach to alter the plasma half-life of pharmaceuticals. We review some of the most novel aspects of FcRn biology, immune as well as nonimmune, and provide some examples of FcRn-based therapies.
Acromiohumeral Distance During Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation of the Lower Trapezius and Serratus Anterior Muscles in Healthy Participants
Authors: Bdaiwi Alya H. , Mackenzie Tanya Anne , Herrington Lee , Horsley Ian , Cools Ann M. 
Published: May 2015

ContextCompromise to the acromiohumeral distance has been reported in participants with subacromial impingement syndrome compared with healthy participants. In clinical practice, patients with subacromial shoulder impingement are given strengthening programs targeting the lower trapezius (LT) and serratus anterior (SA) muscles to increase scapular posterior tilt and upward rotation. We are the first to use neuromuscular electrical stimulation to stimulate these muscle groups and evaluate how the muscle contraction affects the acromiohumeral distance.ObjectiveTo investigate if electrical muscle stimulation of the LT and SA muscles, both separately and simultaneously, increases the acromiohumeral distance and to identify which muscle-group contraction or combination most influences the acromiohumeral distance.DesignControlled laboratory study.SettingHuman performance laboratory.Patients or Other ParticipantsTwenty participants (10 men and 10 women, age = 26.9 ± 8.0 years, body mass index = 23.8) were screened.Intervention(s)Neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the LT and SA.Main Outcome Measure(s)Ultrasound measurement of the acromiohumeral distance.ResultsAcromiohumeral distance increased during contraction via neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the LT muscle (t19 = −3.89, P = .004), SA muscle (t19 = −7.67, P = .001), and combined LT and SA muscles (t19 = −5.09, P = .001). We observed no differences in the increased acromiohumeral distance among the 3 procedures (F2,57 = 3.109, P = .08).ConclusionsOur results supported the hypothesis that the muscle force couple around the scapula is important in rehabilitation and scapular control and influences acromiohumeral distance.
Universality Under Szegő’s Condition
Authors: Totik Vilmos 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
This paper presents a theoremon universality on orthogonal polynomials/randommatrices under a weak local condition on the weight function w. With a new inequality for polynomials and with the use of fast decreasing polynomials, it is shown that an approach of D. S. Lubinsky is applicable. The proof works at all points that are Lebesgue-points for both the weight function w and logw.
Management of Chyle Leak in the Neck Following Thyroid Cancer Surgery: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Abraham Deepak Thomas , Cherian Anish , Paul Mazhuvanchary Jacob 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Surgery for thyroid cancers often necessitates a neck dissection. This is usually a safe procedure, but can be associated with complications. Chyle leak is one such complication, fortunately rare. There is a dearth of literature with regard to the management of chyle leak in the neck. We present a single center experience in the management of chyle leak in the neck, to improve the understanding of its management.

Materials and methods
A retrospective analysis of patients with thyroid cancer, managed between January 1st 2005 and December 31st 2011, in a single institution was performed. Among these, patients with chyle leak were identified. All pertinent data collected and results analyzed using STATA (v10).

Results
Three hundred and seventy-three/eight hundred and twenty-one (45.4%) patients surgically managed for thyroid cancer underwent a neck dissection. Thoracic duct injury was recog- nized and managed intraoperatively in 20/373 (5.4%) patients. The leak was prevented in the majority (66.6%) of patients in whom a combination of methods were employed. 25/373 (6.7%) patients were diagnosed and managed for chyle leak postoperatively. Seven patients required re-exploration. This included patients with low output chyle leaks who may have settled in a week to 10 days with conservative management. A combination of techniques was successful in the majority (71.4%). The remaining patients were successfully managed conservatively.

Conclusion
We conclude that using a combination of methods to manage thoracic duct injury may be better than using a single modality alone. Early re-exploration was more economical and acceptable for a subset of our patients, as they come from long distances at personal cost.

How to cite this article
Cherian a, Ramakant P, Paul MJ, Abraham DT. Management of Chyle Leak in the Neck Following Thyroid Cancer Surgery: A Single Center Experience. World J Endoc Surg 2015;7(1):6-9.
A Cautionary Case: Adrenal Insufficiency after Unilateral Adrenalectomy for Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Authors: Player Heather , Babkowski Robert , Dong Xiang 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Subclinical Cushing's syndrome among patients with incidentally discovered adrenal masses has been well documented in the literature. This population does not exhibit the classic signs of Cushing's syndrome, but nonetheless present with postoperative adrenal insufficiency after unilateral adrenalectomy of nonfunctioning incidentalomas. Further, the results of extensive preoperative testing do not correlate with postoperative hypoadrenalism with adequate sensitivity. The patient is an 84-year-old male, who presented with vague complaints of abdominal pain and fatigue, with computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrating an enlarging left adrenal gland up to 5.5 cm. The patient had no evidence of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction based on history, physical examination and preoperative testing. Thus, the lesion was presumed nonfunctional and was excised laparoscopically. Pathology demonstrated an unfortunate diagnosis of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). On postoperative day 1, the patient exhibited hypotension and hypoglycemia, with a cortisol level of 0.3 mg/dl. The patient responded to hydrocortisone, supporting the presumed diagnosis of hypoadrenalism. ACC is a rare and aggressive tumor, with only 300 documented cases per year in the United States. Thus, there is a paucity of data related to pre- and postoperative management. Since a third of the patients present with nonfunctioning tumors, postsurgical care are based on literature from nonfunctional incidentalomas until further research establishes guidelines. Our experience with acute hypoadrenalism after unilateral adrenalectomy in the setting of ACC suggests the need for routine postoperative testing of cortisol levels.

How to cite this article
Player H, Babkowski R, Dong X. A Cautionary Case: Adrenal Insufficiency after Unilateral Adrenalectomy for Adrenocortical Carcinoma. World J Endoc Surg 2015;7(1):17-20.
Novel Design of an Intrauterine Insemination Cannula
Authors: Vasan Ritvik 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACT
Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a method of assisted conception that involves transfer of fast moving sperms using an IUI cannula into the uterine cavity at the time of anticipated (or expected) ovulation, thereby increasing chance of pregnancy.
Existing cannulas are designed to be easy to use, harmless to the cervix/endometrium, capable of negotiating the cervical cavity, and to avoid the reflux of inseminate fluid. Some of the factors which influence success of pregnancy are actual number of motile sperms, number of sperms with normal morphology, volume of inseminate and sterility during procedure. This paper proposes a novel ‘completely closed loop’ design for an IUI cannula that ensures complete emptying of washed sperm during insemination, leaving no dead space while ensuring sterility during procedure.

How to cite this article
Vasan R. Novel Design of an Intrauterine Insemination Cannula. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2015;6(1): 15-19.
Cor Triloculare Biventriculare with Ventricular Septal Defect: Prenatal Diagnosis
Authors: Rajdeo Ravi Nirmalkumar , Taori Kishor , Rathod Jawahar , Sejpal Nekee Navin 
Published: April 2015

ABSTRACTCor triloculare biventriculare is a very rare congenital cardiac anomaly in which there is complete absence of interatrial septum resulting in three-chambered heart. It can be associated with various other congenital abnormalities like ventricular septal defect, polysplenia, Ellis-van creveld syndrome or persistent left-sided superior vena cava. Here we report a case of antenatal diagnosis common atrium and ventricular septal defect in a fetus of average gestational age of 29 weeks in a primigravida.How to cite this articleRajdeo RN, Taori K, Rathod J, Sejpal NN. Cor Triloculare Biventriculare with Ventricular Septal Defect: Prenatal Diagnosis. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2015;6(1):40-42.
Antimicrobial Activity of a Tissue Conditioner Combined with a Biocide Polymer
Authors: Paleari André Gustavo , Toda Carina , Marin Danny Omar Mendoza , Rodriguez Larissa Santana , Pero Ana Carolina , Compagnoni Marco Antonio 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Background
The characteristics of tissue conditioners support microorganism development that can threaten the health of the dentures user.

Purpose
The object of this study was to evaluate the effect on antimicrobial activity, roughness and wettability surface of a tissue conditioners material combined with the antimicrobial polymer poly (2-tert-butilaminoethyl) methacrylate (PTBAEMA).

Materials and methods
Specimens of tissue conditioner (Coe Soft®) were divided into three groups, according to the concentration of PTBAEMA incorporated (0, 10 and 25%). Antimicrobial activity was assessed by adherence assay of one of the microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Roughness measurements were made using a Mitutoyo SJ-400, and the mean arithmetic roughness values (Ra) obtained were used for the comparisons. The wettability properties were determined by contact angle measurements.

Results
The group containing 25% of PTBAEMA inhibited totally the S. aureus and S. mutans biofilm formation. A significant reduction in the S. aureus (Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0,001) and S. mutans (Kruscal-Wallis, p = 0,001) count for 10% PTBAEMA group compared with respective control group. No significant difference was found for C. albicans among PTBAEMA groups and control group (ANOVA, p > 0,05). Incorporating 10 and 25% PTBAEMA increased surface roughness and decreased contact angles (ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests, α = 5%).

Conclusion
Incorporating 10% PTBAEMA into tissue conditioner increases wettability and roughness of tissue conditioner surface; and decreases the adhesion of S. mutans and S. aureus on material surface, but did not exhibit antimicrobial effect against C. albicans.

Significance
The PTBAEMA incorporated into tissue conditioner could prevent biofilm formation on elderly patient.

How to cite this article
Toda C, Marin DOM, Rodriguez LS, Paleari AG, Pero AC, Compagnoni MA. Antimicrobial Activity of a Tissue Conditioner Combined with a Biocide Polymer. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(2):101-106.
Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life among Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers
Authors: Zwiri Abdalwahab MA 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundRecurrent aphtous ulcers (RAUs) are of the most painful and common oral mucosal diseases with uncertain etiology including trauma, genetics, stress, immune dysfunction, and vitamin deficiencies. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral health impacts, patients’ oral health-related quality of life and anxiety and depression in patients with recurrent aphtous ulcers.Subjects and methodsSixty patients were diagnosed RAU (30 men and 30 women, mean age: 29.5 ± 9.6 years) and sixty controls, who matched the patients with age and gender, participated in this study. Participants completed hospital anxiety and depression (HAD) scale, oral health impact profile (OHIP-14), and United Kingdom oral health related quality of life measure (OHQoL-UK). The statistically significance levels were set at p . 0.05.ResultsBoth patients and controls reported comparable depression and anxiety scores (p > 0.05). Ulcer patients reported worse oral health impacts and inferior quality of life in comparison to controls (p < 0.001). Among both groups, no relationships were detected between HAD scores on one hand and OHIP and/or OHQoL-UK on the other hand (p > 0.05).ConclusionsRecurrent aphthous ulcers increase the negative oral health impacts on patients and consequently cause inferior quality of life. Stressful situations and conditions (including anxiety and depression) were not related to oral health impacts and quality of life in patients with RAUs.How to cite this articleZwiri AMA. Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life among Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(2):112-117.