bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical Angles of Deformity in Dupuytren’s Contracture of the Little and Ring Fingers
Authors: Raymond Antony , Parry Michael , Amirfeyz Rouin 
Published: June 2015

Background: We aimed to determine the degree of contracture in the ring and little fingers at which hand function became importantly impaired. Methods: Five activities of daily living were incorporated into a newly developed and validated Dupuytren’s assessment tool (DAT). Sixty healthy participants were assessed with the DAT wearing a range of 12 dorsal blocking splints. Half wore them on their right little finger, the other half on their ring finger. These induced flexion deformities mimicking DC of the MCPJ, PIPJ and a combination of the two. The angles of flexion deformity at which important hand disability occurred were calculated using receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: Clinically important hand disability occurred for the little finger MCPJ, PIPJ and combined MCPJ and PIPJ angulation at 52.5, 67.5, and 75 degrees respectively. For the ring finger joint, the angulations were 52.5, 67.5 and 75 degrees respectively. Conclusions: This information will provide information for clinicians and patients as to when clinically important disability tends to occur in DC.
КІЛЬКІСНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ КОМПЛЕМЕНТАРНОСТІ ЄДИНО ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО СИСТЕМИ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я ТА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ОБІГОМ ЛІКАРСЬКИХ ЗАСОБІВ
Authors: Babintseva L. Yu. 
Published: June 2015

<p>Creation and implementation of management infor mation system trafficking of drugs (drug coverage) is one of the most<br />i mportant elements of state regulation of the pharmaceutical sector health. For the first time creation of two information systems: integrated medication management infor mation system and integrated health care system in an integrated medical infor mation area, operating based on th e principle of complementarity was justified. Global and technological coefficients of these systems’ functioning were introduced.</p>
Toward Assessing NARCCAP Regional Climate Model Credibility for the North American Monsoon: Future Climate Simulations*
Authors: Bukovsky Melissa S. , Carrillo Carlos M. , Gochis David J. , Hammerling Dorit M. , McCrary Rachel R. , Mearns Linda O. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This study presents climate change results from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) suite of dynamically downscaled simulations for the North American monsoon system in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. The focus is on changes in precipitation and the processes driving the projected changes from the regional climate simulations and their driving coupled atmosphere–ocean global climate models. The effect of known biases on the projections is also examined. Overall, there is strong ensemble agreement for a large decrease in precipitation during the monsoon season; however, this agreement and the magnitude of the ensemble-mean change is likely deceiving, as the greatest decreases are produced by the simulations that are the most biased in the baseline/current climate. Furthermore, some of the greatest decreases in precipitation are being driven by changes in processes/phenomena that are less credible (e.g., changes in El Niño–Southern Oscillation, when it is initially not simulated well). In other simulations, the processes driving the precipitation change may be plausible, but other biases (e.g., biases in low-level moisture or precipitation intensity) appear to be affecting the magnitude of the projected changes. The most and least credible simulations are clearly identified, while the other simulations are mixed in their abilities to produce projections of value.
A 17-Yr Climate Record of Environmental Parameters Derived from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager
Authors: Wentz Frank J. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite began operating in December 1997 and was shut down on 8 April 2015. Over the oceans, the microwave (MW) sensor aboard TRMM measures sea surface temperature, wind speed, and rain rate as well as atmospheric columnar water vapor and cloud liquid water. Improved calibration methods are applied to the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI), and a 17-yr climate record of these environmental parameters is produced so as to be consistent with the climate records from 13 other MW sensors. These TMI retrievals are validated relative to in situ observations over its 17-yr mission life. All indications point to TMI being an extremely stable sensor capable of providing satellite climate records of unprecedented length and accuracy.
Interaction of kindlin-3 and β2-integrins differentially regulates neutrophil recruitment and NET release in mice
Authors: Xu Zhen , Cai Jiayi , Gao Juan , White Gilbert C. , Chen Fangyuan , Ma Yan-Qing 
Published: June 2015

Key Points
Kindlin-3–β2-integrin signaling in neutrophils is involved in regulation of both neutrophil recruitment and NET release. Disrupting the crosstalk between kindlin-3 and β2-integrins in neutrophils with a blocking peptide preferentially attenuates NET release.
De-novo design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives as HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Authors: Chander Subhash , Ashok Penta , Singh Anupam , Murugesan Sankaranarayanan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the advanced stage of infection caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV/AIDS had a great impact on society, both as an illness and as a source of discrimination. Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) are structurally diverse group of compounds which binds to Reverse Transcriptase (RT) enzyme of HIV. Like other anti-HIV drugs, long-term clinical effectiveness of approved NNRTIs has been hampered due to the rapid development of drug resistance. So, there is an urgent need to discover the NNRTIs, which can be effective against the drug sensitive as well as drug resistant strains of HIV-1 RT.

Results
Two series of novel thirty, 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline analogues (5a-o) and (8a-o) were designed and synthesized as inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy and evaluated for in-vitro RT inhibitory activity. Among the tested compounds, eighteen compounds exhibited more than 50 % inhibition at tested 100 μM concentration, in which two compounds 8h and 8l showed promising inhibition (74.82 and 72.58 %) respectively. The preliminary structure–activity relationship (SAR) of the test compounds and docking studies of the two significantly active compounds 8h and 8l were performed to examine their putative binding with HIV-RT. Predicted physiochemical parameters of the synthesized compounds were within the acceptable range of drugable properties.

Conclusion
The results obtained from this investigation revealed that, the synthesized compounds (5a-o) and (8a-o) showed moderate to promising HIV-1 RT inhibition activity. The overall SAR studies can help in identification of further lead as well as in designing of newer potential inhibitor of HIV-1 RT.
Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Their Intent to Use Electronic Personal Health Records
Authors: Harrison Tyrone G. , Wick James , Ahmed Sofia B. , Jun Min , Manns Braden J. , Quinn Robert R. , Tonelli Marcello , Hemmelgarn Brenda R. 
Published: June 2015

Background: Electronic personal health records (ePHRs) provide patients with access to their personal health information, aiming to inform them about their health, enhance self-management, and improve outcomes. Although they have been associated with improved health outcomes in several chronic diseases, the potential impact of ePHR use in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unknown. Objectives: We sought to understand perceptions of CKD patients about ePHRs, and describe characteristics associated with their expressed intent to use an ePHR. Design: Self-administered paper based survey. Setting: The study was conducted in Calgary, Alberta, Canada at a multidisciplinary CKD clinic from November 2013 to January 2014. Participants: Patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD. Measurements: Demographics, perceived benefits, and drawbacks of ePHRs were obtained. A univariate analysis was used to assess for an association with the expressed intention to use an ePHR. Methods: A patient survey was used to determine perceptions of ePHRs, and to identify factors that were associated with intention to use an ePHR. Results: Overall 63 patients with CKD (76.2 % male, 55.6 % ≥65 years old) completed the survey. The majority (69.8 %) expressed their intent to use an ePHR. CKD patients over the age of 65 were less likely to intend to use an ePHR as compared to those aged <65 years (OR 0.22, 95 % CI: [0.06, 0.78]). Those with post-secondary education (OR 3.31, 95 % CI: [1.06, 10.41]) and Internet access (OR 5.70, 95 % CI: [1.64, 19.81]) were more likely to express their intent to use an ePHR. Perceived benefits of ePHR use included greater involvement in their own care (50.0 % indicated this), better access to lab results (75.8 %), and access to health information (56.5 %). Although 41.9 % reported concerns about privacy of health information, there was no association between these concerns and the intent to use an ePHR. Limitations: Our results are limited by small study size and single centre location. Conclusions: We found that patients with CKD expressed their intention to use ePHRs, and perceive benefits such as personal involvement in their health care and better access to lab results. Studies of CKD patients using ePHRs are needed to determine whether ePHR use improves patient outcomes.
A study on the stationarity and Gaussianity of the background noise in land-seismic prospecting
Authors: Zhong Tie , Li Yue , Wu Ning , Nie Pengfei , Yang Baojun 
Published: June 2015

In the denoising of seismic prospecting, background noise is often assumed to be stationary and Gaussian. However, this is not always appropriate for real seismic data. We used statistical tests to assess the stationarity and Gaussianity of land seismic data. The data we used for the analyses were passive noise records collected with receiver arrays in different land environments, e.g., deserts, steppes, and mountains. The results showed that the background noise was not strictly stationary, but locally stationary. The noise could be treated as a stationary series only in short time periods, whereas the stationarity became poor with increasing the time length of the noise records. By analyzing the behavior of noise data, we determined that the nonstationary noise always had more energy in the high-frequency band, which varied with the acquisition environments. The wind strength and the complexity of the environmental conditions also impacted the noise stationarity. Moreover, we found that noise in complex environments has a higher degree of Gaussianity than noise in simpler environment. Most of the noise records appeared to be a Gaussian process when examined over a period longer than 20 s, but they were found to be non-Gaussian when examined over shorter time periods of the order of 1 s.
Comparison of airborne gravity processing results by GravPRO and Newton software packages
Authors: Zhong Detang , Damiani Theresa Marie , Preaux Sandra Ann Martinka , Kingdon Robert William 
Published: June 2015

Zero-length spring gravity sensors, such as the Micro-g LaCoste Turnkey Airborne Gravity System (TAGS), are widely used in airborne gravimetry applications due to their virtually drift-free characteristics. However, the quality of the final gravity product depends on the methods chosen to correct for several dynamic effects, including the Eötvös correction, the vertical acceleration correction of the moving aircraft, and the instrument platform tilt correction. For geodetic applications using regional gravity field mapping for geoid determination, the choices of correction method are extremely important because the flights are done uncommonly high and fast. For this reason, and in support of the Gravity for the Redefinition of the American Vertical Datum (GRAV-D) project, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Geodetic Survey (NGS), and Fugro Geospatial have independently developed airborne gravity processing software packages for TAGS data — called Newton and GravPRO, respectively. We have evaluated the airborne gravity data processing methods that are used in the two software packages. We processed a GRAV-D data set collected by NGS over Louisiana and the Gulf of Mexico in 2008 with both packages, we compared the results for each major data correction applied, and we evaluated unique add-on features and tools. The results determined that the two software packages were very comparable, both yielding an excellent crossover root-mean-square of 1.8 mGal without any crossover adjustment applied. For the worst 14% of survey lines, which had higher levels of aircraft dynamics during flight, GravPRO was able to retain more data due to advantages in its platform tilt correction method. Also, GravPRO’s instrument calibration function, which is based on crossover error analysis, found a 45% improvement in achievable survey precision from approximately 2 mGal to approximately 1 mGal when comparing the test data set to a global gravity model.
Determinants of Receptor- and Tissue-Specific Actions in Androgen Signaling
Authors: Pihlajamaa Päivi , Sahu Biswajyoti , Jänne Olli A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe physiological androgens testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone regulate the development and maintenance of primary and secondary male sexual characteristics through binding to the androgen receptor (AR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor. In addition, a number of nonreproductive tissues of both genders are subject to androgen regulation. AR is also a central target in the treatment of prostate cancer. A large number of studies over the last decade have characterized many regulatory aspects of the AR pathway, such as androgen-dependent transcription programs, AR cistromes, and coregulatory proteins, mostly in cultured cells of prostate cancer origin. Moreover, recent work has revealed the presence of pioneer/licensing factors and chromatin modifications that are important to guide receptor recruitment onto appropriate chromatin loci in cell lines and in tissues under physiological conditions. Despite these advances, current knowledge related to the mechanisms responsible for receptor- and tissue-specific actions of androgens is still relatively limited. Here, we review topics that pertain to these specificity issues at different levels, both in cultured cells and tissues in vivo, with a particular emphasis on the nature of the steroid, the response element sequence, the AR cistromes, pioneer/licensing factors, and coregulatory proteins. We conclude that liganded AR and its DNA-response elements are required but are not sufficient for establishment of tissue-specific transcription programs in vivo, and that AR-selective actions over other steroid receptors rely on relaxed rather than increased stringency of cis-elements on chromatin.
My Distributed TRANimalitieS@sltranimal.blogspot.com
Authors: King Katie 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis essay is an exploration of “trans” among various transcodings of technicities, bodies, animalities, feminisms, media, and academies. The author positions the training of an artificial intelligence agent “dog” in the online virtual world Second Life as many practices of distributed being, cognition, and sensation in attunements across “trans” becomings.
The Tracks of My Tears
Authors: Weaver Harlan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Taking up the intersections of race, gender, sexuality, and “pit bull” politics, this article explores the problems and promises of trans* spectatorship, trans* affect, new media, and animal studies. The popular Animal Planet show Pit Bulls and Parolees grounds the analysis, which is focused on the ways that race and masculinity figure in the show's politics and practices of salvation of both dogs and men, joining this discussion with an exploration of how affect as a sense of bodily movement and feeling figures in the material practices of new media spectatorship involving nonhuman animals. Working through a sense of specifically trans* affect, the article uses autoethnographic examples from the author's own transition and viewership to explore the possibilities of a broader multispecies trans*-affective politics.
The complement system in lupus nephritis
Authors: Bao Lihua , Cunningham Patrick N. , Quigg Richard J. 
Published: June 2015

The complement is part of the innate immune system and can be activated through one of three pathways. To prevent injury of self-tissue, complement is tightly regulated by over 30 proteins. Complement plays dual roles in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). On one hand, hereditary homozygous deficiencies of classical pathway components, such as C1q and C4, are associated with an increased risk for SLE, suggesting that complement is protective. On the other hand, complement is systemically consumed in both experimental and human SLE, suggesting its pathogenic role. Studies in genetically altered mice have shown that lack of complement inhibitors, such as complement factor H (CFH) or decay-accelerating factor (DAF) accelerates the development of experimental lupus nephritis; while treatment with recombinant protein inhibitors such as CR1-related protein y (Crry)-Ig, CR2-Crry, CR2-DAF and CR2-CFH ameliorates the disease development. Complement-targeted drugs, including soluble complement receptor 1 (TP10), C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH), and a monoclonal anti-C5 antibody (Eculizumab) have been shown to inhibit complement safely, and are now being investigated in a variety of clinical conditions. These clinical developments support their therapeutic use in lupus nephritis.
Efect of the Metabolic Therapy on Some Cellular and Humoral Immunity Indices in the Patients with Paranoid Form of Schizophrenia
Authors: Дураева  , Duraeva A. , Кирюхина  , Kiryukhina S. , Подсеваткин  , Podsevatkin V. , Подсеваткина  , Podsevatkina S. 
Published: June 2015

The purpose of this work was to examine the effect of metabolic therapy on the dynamics of the main psychopathological symptoms and some indicators of cellular and humoral immunity in the patients with paranoid schizophrenia. The study was conducted involving 25 patients. In the first stage, the patients received conventional psycho-pharmacotherapy. In the second step, the patients received immune corrector, antioxidant and hyperbaric oxygenation with the antipsychotics. Psychopathological status was assessed according to the severity of the major symptoms (maps of Avrutsky G. Y., Zaitsev S. G.).
Immune homeostasis was assessed according to 21 index characterizing the cellular and humoral defense. Indica-tors were assessed at admission, the 20th, the 40th day of treatment. On admission, hyper-activation of T-cell level and reducing T-suppressors were observed in the patients in the immune status, as well as symptoms productive prevailed in psychopathological status. The study shown that the correction of immune disorders by means of metabolic therapy allows to accelerate the reduction of psychiatric symptoms, to reduce the frequency and severity of side effects in con-ventional pharmacotherapy. Due to the results significantly expand notions of pharmacology of antipsychotic drugs, antioxidants, immune modulators, hyperbaric oxygen.
ICD patient information in southern Spain: a study
Authors: Sánchez-Toscano Inmaculada Paneque , Camacho Maria Reyes Carrión , Mejía Rosa Casado , Pérez José María Fernández , Jiménez Carmen Pinilla 
Published: June 2015

Aim: To identify the expectations, requirements, and opinions of patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator from the Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia Unit at the Teaching hospital in southern Spain, regarding information offered by the professionals attending to them. Methodology: Qualitative study consisting of semi-structured interviews with 11 patients who had received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. The period of data collection was May–June 2012. All interviews were recorded with the patient's previous consent and then transcribed literally. The transcription content was analysed taking into account the research aim, the analytical categories created, and those emerging during the study. Results: The following topics were identified: information provided before implantation and during the process; regular follow-up; experience-sharing and information from professionals other than those in the arrhythmia unit. Conclusions: Patients consider themselves to be well informed, trust the specialists attending to them, and feel no need to seek alternative sources of information. Health professionals should remain alert to any potential adaptation or psychological disorders in order to assist patients with the necessary interventions.
Providing cost-effective treatment of hard-to-heal wounds in the community through use of NPWT
Authors: Hampton Jane 
Published: June 2015

Objective The treatment of non-healing wounds accounts for a high proportion of wound care costs. Advanced technology treatments, such as negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), could be cost-effective if they result in faster healing. The objective of this study is to assess the effect on healing and the cost-effectiveness of a single-use NPWT (i.e PICO by Smith & Nephew) when used on hard-to-heal wounds in a community setting. Method This was a cohort case study in which wounds were treated with NWPT for 2 weeks. Wounds were assessed every 2–4 weeks to a healed state. The weekly cost of treatment prior to intervention, that is, the products used and nurse time, were compared with treatment costs associated with NWPT and after a return to standard treatment. Results The study included 9 patients with leg ulcers or pressure ulcers that had been slow healing or non-healing for at least 6 weeks. While treated with NPWT, the average weekly reduction in wound size was 21%. The wound size achieved with NPWT was reached on average 10 weeks earlier than predicted. The increased healing rate continued after PICO stopped and 5 wounds healed on average 8 weeks later. Frequency of dressing changes fell from 4 times weekly at baseline to 2 times a week with NPWT and to 1.8 after NPWT stopped. Weekly cost of treatment with NPWT was, on average, 1.6 times higher than the baseline, but fell to 3 times less when NPWT stopped owing to the reduction in dressing changes. The amount of change in healing rate was considerably higher than the increase in costs associated with NPWT. Conclusion NWPT is a cost-effective treatment for hard-to-heal wounds. Wounds decreased in size and healed more quickly under NWPT treatment than under standard treatment. Additional NPWT costs can be quickly offset by faster healing and a shortened treatment period.