bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weight Gain After Quitting: Attitudes, Beliefs and Counselling Strategies of Cessation Counsellors
Authors: Bush Terry , Levine Michele D. , Zbikowski Susan , Deprey Mona , Rabius Vance , McAfee Tim , Wiatrek Dawn E. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractPostcessation weight gain is common and a frequent cause of relapse. Although interventions to address weight gain and weight gain concerns exist, the experience of telephone cessation counsellors in addressing weight concerns is unknown. We surveyed 134 cessation counsellors providing quitlines for 30 states regarding their experiences and attitudes about how to address weight gain concerns among smokers trying to quit. Counsellors estimated they discuss weight in 40% of their calls, primarily discussing concerns about gaining weight. Counsellors estimated that smokers gain about 4.1 kg after quitting and about 48% gain more than 2.3 kg. Most counsellors believed that exercise, education about weight gain and preparing smokers for weight gain would help people quit, which is consistent with current science. A total of 51% of counsellors believed that dieting while quitting would reduce weight gain and only 35% correctly identified that dieting reduces a smokers' ability to quit. Some counsellors believed they needed more training in weight management and may need to be reassured that they are currently following treatment guidelines when confronted with smokers who have concerns about postcessation weight gain.
A Smoking Cessation Program in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Ling Stephen K. , Wooderson Susanne , Rees Karen , Neild Rose , Wright Ian M.R. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractBackground: Parental smoking remains a significant risk to the preterm infant both pre and post delivery. Pharmacologically supported interventions have been previously contraindicated in this group during the perinatal period and during breastfeeding. We designed an evidence-based intervention for use in our high-risk population. This report assesses our outcomes after one year. Method: Questionnaire administered a median of 6 months after intervention. Results: There was no significant difference between those participants who returned the survey (n = 42) versus the group as a whole (n = 70). A total of 33% ceased smoking, p < .0001. If no nonresponders ceased smoking then this gives an overall success rate of 20%, p < .0001. Successful quitters had been smoking for a mean of 11 (SD = 7) years. Self-reported light smokers (< 10 cigarettes per day) were significantly more likely to quit (p < .01). Purchase of follow-on nicotine patches was a significant predictor of success in quitting (p = .02). If relapse occurred, it appeared to happen early and was mainly associated with current stressors. Conclusions: We have designed and applied a multidisciplinary intervention for parents and carers to be used in the perinatal period to decrease the postnatal risk for neonatal intensive care graduates. Our rates of successful smoking cessation are as good as, or better than, many published rates for opportunistic intervention. We suggest that randomised trials be focused on ways to further improve interventions at this time of opportunity for these infants and their families.
Medien- und Informationskompetenz (MIK)
Authors: Gust von Loh Sonja 
Published: February 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Vom 22.–25. Oktober 2013 fand in Istanbul die European Conference on Information Literacy statt. Teilnehmer kamen nicht nur aus Europa, sondern aus der ganzen Welt. Organisatoren dieser Konferenz waren das Department für Informationsmanagement der Hacettepe Universität in Ankara und das Department für Informations- und Kommunikationswissenschaft der Universität Zagreb. Im zentralen Fokus der Konferenz stand die Vermittlung von Informationskompetenz sowohl in Bibliotheken als auch in der Hochschulbildung.
Landeskonzept zur Bestandserhaltung in Archiven und Bibliotheken in Schleswig-Holstein
Authors: Erdei Klára 
Published: February 2014

Zusammenfassung:
Seit Juni 2012 besitzt Schleswig-Holstein ein Konzept zur Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes des Landes für die nächsten zehn bzw. 50 Jahre. Das kulturelle Erbe Schleswig-Holsteins ist mangels ausreichender finanzieller Ausstattung mit Personal- und Sachmitteln nach einer im Jahr 2011 durchgeführten Umfrage in Archiven und Bibliotheken des Landes schwerwiegend in seinem Erhalt bedroht. Auf der Grundlage der Schadensermittlungen wurde daher ein Mengen- und Maßnahmengerüst in den Handlungsfeldern Prävention, Originalerhaltung und Informationssicherung erstellt. Die Kostenkalkulation für die Jahre 2013–2022 ergibt einen jährlichen Mindestbedarf von rund 2,62 Mio. €, die Hochrechnung auf 50 Jahre einen Gesamtbedarf von rund 128,7 Mio. €. Der Beitrag berichtet über die Entstehung des Konzepts und die Tätigkeit der eigens hierfür zusammenberufenen Arbeitsgruppe. Anschließend werden kurz die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse und Ergebnisse vorgestellt und schließlich die ersten seitdem erfolgten Schritte bei der Umsetzung geschildert.
A congruence modulo four in real Schubert calculus
Authors: Hein Nickolas , Sottile Frank , Zelenko Igor 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

We establish a congruence modulo four in the real Schubert calculus on the
Grassmannian of m-planes in

2
m

$2m$

-space.
This congruence holds for fibers of the Wronski map and a generalization to what we call
symmetric Schubert problems.
This strengthens the usual congruence modulo two for numbers of real solutions to
geometric problems.
It also gives examples of geometric problems given by fibers of a map whose
topological
degree is zero but where each fiber contains real points.
Weighted Montgomery identity for the fractional integral of a function with respect to another function
Authors: Aljinović Andrea Aglić , Krnić Mario , Pečarić Josip 
Published: February 2014

Abstract.
We present a weighted Montgomery identity for the fractional integral
of a function f with respect to another function g and use it
to obtain weighted Ostrowski type inequalities for fractional
integrals involving functions whose first derivatives belong to
Lp
spaces. These inequalities are generally sharp in case

p
>
1

$p&gt;1$

and best possible in case

p
=
1

$p=1$

. Applications for the
Hadamard fractional integrals are given.
Anti-termitic potential of heartwood and bark extract and chemical compounds isolated from Madhuca utilis Ridl. H. J. Lam and Neobalanocarpus heimii King P. S. Ashton
Authors: Kadir Roszaini , Ali Norazah Mohd , Soit Zaini , Khamaruddin Zaitihaiza 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The effect of wood extracts as antitermitic agents has been investigated in two Malaysian timber species, namely Madhuca utilis (bitis) and Neobalanocarpus heimii (chengal). The samples taken from Perak State Forest Reserve felled trees with the age of 38 and 45 years old, respectively. The composition of the extracts were analysed by GC-MS. In the toluene/EtOH extracts of M. utilis 19 (bark) and 17 (heartwood, hW) chemical constituents have been identified in total. The dominant compounds in bark were (2Z,6E)-farnesol (44%) and thymol methyl ether (29%) and in hW terpinen-4-ol (38%) and γ-terpinene (16%). The N. heimii essential oils contained 16 chemical constituents (8 in bark and 8 in hW) with benzyl carbinol (62%) and benzyl isoamyl ether (34%) for bark and eicosane (C20) (50%) and cyclopentanone (19%) for hW. Higher concentration of extracts from bark and hW of N. heimii, and from bark of M. utilis) gave 100% mortality of 3rd instars of Coptotermes gestroi Wasmann and 99% for M. utilis hW extract. The extracts of both wood species showed promising antitermitic properties against subterranean termites.
Reduced tubular proteinuria in hypertensive rats treated with losartan is associated with higher renal cortical megalin expression
Authors: Arruda-Junior Daniel F. , Virgulino Stephannie G. , Girardi Adriana C.C. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

Background: Several clinical studies have demonstrated that angiotensin II antagonists exert renoprotective effects beyond blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. The present work aimed to test the hypothesis that the antiproteinuric effects of losartan are associated with upregulation of the multi-ligand endocytic receptors megalin and cubilin in the proximal tubule of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

Materials and methods: Fourteen-week-old SHRs were orally treated for 7 weeks with losartan (50 mg/kg, SHR-L), hydralazine (30 mg/kg, SHR-H), or vehicle (SHR-V). Blood pressure and renal function were determined prior to and following drug treatment. Expression of renal cortical proteins was determined by immunoblotting.

Results: Losartan and hydralazine reduced systolic blood pressure from pretreatment levels in SHRs to a similar extent. However, SHR-L displayed a much greater reduction in proteinuria than SHR-H (44±3% vs. 15±1%, p<0.01) relative to pretreatment urinary protein excretion levels. In SHRs treated with vehicle, proteinuria increased from 87±5 to 153±15 mg/(day kg BW). Reduced tubular proteinuria in SHRs treated with losartan was accompanied by a higher expression of megalin (125±28%) relative to either SHR-V or SHR-H. Neither losartan nor hydralazine significantly altered the renal cortical expression of cubilin in SHRs.

Conclusion: Collectively, our data demonstrate that the additional renoprotective effects of angiotensin II blockade by losartan are associated with upregulation of megalin in the renal proximal tubule of SHRs. Moreover, it strengthens the view that tubular dysfunction may represent an important contributing mechanism underlying proteinuria in hypertension.
Influence of heat source size and film thickness on phonon transport in a two-dimensional thin film
Authors: Ali Haider , Yilbas Bekir S. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract.
Phonon transport in a two-dimensional thin silicon film is considered and
the effect of heat source size and the film thickness on the transport
characteristics is examined. Frequency dependent Boltzmann equation is
incorporated in the analysis to account for the contribution of the
ballistic phonons to the energy transport. Equivalent equilibrium
temperature is introduced to assess the thermal resistance during the phonon
transport in the film. The numerical scheme with the appropriate boundary
conditions is used to predict the transport properties, including the
effective thermal conductivity, of the thin film. It is found that the heat
source size and the film thickness influence the thermal resistance of the
film almost equally. The ballistic phonons reduce the film thermal
resistance while suppressing the effective thermal conductivity in the thin film.
Against All Odds: 2013 Richardson Award to Mats Hammarström and Peter Wallensteen
Authors: Bussmann Margit , Dorussen Han , Gleditsch Nils Petter 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe institutionalization of peace research has been a tortuous process and it has proven particularly difficult to establish separate departments for peace research in the universities. The Department of Peace and Conflict Research at Uppsala University is a spectacular exception. This article honors two outstanding scholars who made it happen against all odds and who received the 2013 Lewis Fry Richardson Lifetime Achievement Award for their contribution to the scientific study of armed conflict. Peter Wallensteen and Mats Hammarström were awarded the prize for their individual scholarly output but above all for their joint achievement in establishing peace and conflict research at Uppsala University with its two pillars, the Uppsala Conflict Data Program and the training program for young scholars. They have made a lasting contribution to an institution of world-wide renown that pursues research in the scientific tradition of Richardson.
Role of the humic acid for sorption of radionuclides by synthesized titania
Authors: Singh B. K. , Tomar Radha , Kumar Sumit , Kar A. S. , Tomar B. S. , Ramanathan S. , Manchanda V. K. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Present work reports on synthesis, characterization and application of titania powder (anatase) for sorption of 137Cs
(monovalent), 133Ba (divalent) and 154Eu (trivalent) radionuclides in the presence and absence of humic acid
(Aldrich). In order to obtain a detailed sorption behavior of all the three aforementioned radionuclides, a series of experiments were
conducted with respect to effect of pH, humic acid (HA), and concentration of radionuclides. Sorption studies of 137Cs,
133Ba and 154Eu onto synthesized titania have been carried out over a wide range of pH scale varying from 3 to
11 in the presence and absence of Aldrich Humic acid (2 mg/L). Sorption of all the three radionuclides rises sharply with
the pH of the suspension with saturation value of ∼ 70%, 80% and 85% respectively for monovalent,
bivalent and trivalent radionuclides. Humic acid could not make any influence for sorption of 137Cs, but significantly
altered with respect to 133Ba and 154Eu sorption. The sorption data at various concentrations were fitted with
Freundlich isotherm model.
Endolysosomal Membrane Trafficking Complexes Drive Nutrient-Dependent TORC1 Signaling to Control Cell Growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Kingsbury Joanne M , Sen Neelam D , Maeda Tatsuya , Heitman Joseph , Cardenas Maria E 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The rapamycin-sensitive and endomembrane-associated TORC1 pathway controls cell growth in response to nutrients in eukaryotes. Mutations in class C Vps (Vps-C) complexes are synthetically lethal with tor1 mutations and confer rapamycin hypersensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, suggesting a role for these complexes in TORC1 signaling. Vps-C complexes are required for vesicular trafficking and fusion and comprise four distinct complexes: HOPS and CORVET and their minor intermediaries (i)-CORVET and i-HOPS. We show that at least one Vps-C complex is required to promote TORC1 activity, with the HOPS complex having the greatest input. The vps-c mutants fail to recover from rapamycin-induced growth arrest and show low levels of TORC1 activity. TORC1 promotes cell growth via Sch9, a p70S6 kinase ortholog. Constitutively active SCH9 or hyperactive TOR1 alleles restored rapamycin recovery and TORC1 activity of vps-c mutants, supporting a role for the Vps-C complexes upstream of TORC1. The EGO GTPase complex Exit from G0Complex (EGOC) and its homologous Rag-GTPase complex convey amino acid signals to TORC1 in yeast and mammals, respectively. Expression of the activated EGOC GTPase subunits Gtr1GTP and Gtr2GDP partially suppressed vps-c mutant rapamycin recovery defects, and this suppression was enhanced by increased amino acid concentrations. Moreover, vps-c mutations disrupted EGOC–TORC1 interactions. TORC1 defects were more severe for vps-c mutants than those observed in EGOC mutants. Taken together, our results support a model in which distinct endolysosomal trafficking Vps-C complexes promote rapamycin-sensitive TORC1 activity via multiple inputs, one of which involves maintenance of amino acid homeostasis that is sensed and transmitted to TORC1 via interactions with EGOC.
Economic Burden of Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Lavelle Tara A. , Weinstein Milton C. , Newhouse Joseph P. , Munir Kerim , Kuhlthau Karen A. , Prosser Lisa A. 
Published: February 2014

OBJECTIVE:To estimate the associations between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnoses and service use, caregiver time, and cost outcomes.METHODS:We used national data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey linked to the National Health Interview Survey and a study-specific survey to estimate the annual utilization and costs for health care, school, ASD-related therapy, family-coordinated services, as well as caregiver time in children aged 3 to 17 years, with and without parent-reported ASD. Regression analyses estimated the association between ASD diagnosis and cost, controlling for child gender, age, race/ethnicity, insurance status, household income, country region and urban/rural classification, and non–ASD-related illnesses.RESULTS:Children with parent-reported ASD had higher levels of health care office visits and prescription drug use compared with children without ASD (P &lt; .05). A greater proportion of children in the ASD group used special educational services (76% vs 7% in the control group, P &lt; .05). After adjusting for child demographic characteristics and non–ASD-associated illnesses, ASD was associated with $3020 (95% confidence interval [CI]: $1017–$4259) higher health care costs and $14 061 (95% CI: $4390–$24 302) higher aggregate non–health care costs, including $8610 (95% CI: $6595–$10 421) higher school costs. In adjusted analyses, parents who reported that their child had ASD did not have significantly higher out-of-pocket costs or spend more time on caregiving activities compared with control parents.CONCLUSIONS:The economic burden associated with ASD is substantial and can be measured across multiple sectors of our society. Previous analyses that focused on health care underestimated this economic burden, particularly for school systems.
Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Young Children in the United States
Authors: Pang Jenny , Teeter Larry D. , Katz Dolly J. , Davidow Amy L. , Miranda Wilson , Wall Kirsten , Ghosh Smita , Stein-Hart Trudy , Restrepo Blanca I. , Reves Randall , Graviss Edward A. 
Published: February 2014

OBJECTIVES:
To estimate tuberculosis (TB) rates among young children in the United States by children’s and parents’ birth origins and describe the epidemiology of TB among young children who are foreign-born or have at least 1 foreign-born parent.

METHODS:
Study subjects were children &lt;5 years old diagnosed with TB in 20 US jurisdictions during 2005–2006. TB rates were calculated from jurisdictions’ TB case counts and American Community Survey population estimates. An observational study collected demographics, immigration and travel histories, and clinical and source case details from parental interviews and health department and TB surveillance records.

RESULTS:
Compared with TB rates among US-born children with US-born parents, rates were 32 times higher in foreign-born children and 6 times higher in US-born children with foreign-born parents. Most TB cases (53%) were among the 29% of children who were US born with foreign-born parents. In the observational study, US-born children with foreign-born parents were more likely than foreign-born children to be infants (30% vs 7%), Hispanic (73% vs 37%), diagnosed through contact tracing (40% vs 7%), and have an identified source case (61% vs 19%); two-thirds of children were exposed in the United States.

CONCLUSIONS:
Young children who are US born of foreign-born parents have relatively high rates of TB and account for most cases in this age group. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of adult source cases, effective contact investigations prioritizing young contacts, and targeted testing and treatment of latent TB infection are necessary to reduce TB morbidity in this population.
Duration of Protection After First Dose of Acellular Pertussis Vaccine in Infants
Authors: Quinn Helen E. , Snelling Thomas L. , Macartney Kristine K. , McIntyre Peter B. 
Published: February 2014

OBJECTIVE:
Data on the effectiveness of the diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine in the first 4 years of life are sparse. We evaluated the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 1 and 2 doses of DTaP before 6 months of age and of 3 doses from 6 months of age in Australia, where, since 2003, a fourth dose is not given until 4 years.

METHODS:
We matched reported pertussis cases aged 2 to 47 months between January 2005 and December 2009 to controls from a population-based immunization register by date of birth and region of residence. VE by number of doses and age group was calculated as (1 – odds ratio) × 100%.

RESULTS:
VE against hospitalization increased from 55.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.7%–65.1%) for 1 dose before 4 months of age to 83.0% (95% CI, 70.2%–90.3%) for 2 doses before 6 months. The VE of 3 doses of DTaP against all reported pertussis was 83.5% (95% CI, 79.1%–87.8%) between 6 and 11 months, declining to 70.7% (95% CI, 64.5%–75.8%) between 2 and 3 years of age and 59.2% (95% CI, 51.0%–66.0%) between 3 and 4 years of age.

CONCLUSIONS:
DTaP provided good protection against pertussis in the first year of life from the first dose. Without a booster dose, the effectiveness of 3 doses waned more rapidly from 2 to 4 years of age than previously documented for children &gt;6 years of age who had received 5 doses.
Hybrid nano/micro-particles for Increased Steel Corrosion Resistance: Particles’ Alterations with pH Change and Steel Behavior in Cement Extract and Mortar
Authors: Koleva D.A. , Hu J. , Milkova V. , van Breugel K. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTHybrid nano/micro particles were investigated for their possibility to re-structure within local pH alterations, release certain active substance and further contribute to increased steel corrosion resistance. Two aspects with regard to corrosion control and self-healing in cement-based materials are discussed: the first aspect deals with the electrochemical performance of low carbon steel electrodes (St37) in model alkaline solutions (cement extract) in the presence of 4.9.10-4 g/l hybrid particles i.e. cement extract, containing PDADMAC (poly (diallyl, dimethyl ammonium chloride) / PAA (Poly (acrylic acid)/ PDADMAC over a CaO core. The second aspect refers to the performance of reinforcing steel (FeB500 HKN) in mortar specimens, containing hybrid particles in the mixing water in concentration of 3.6×10-4 wt. % per mortar weight. The main objective was to determine if these hybrids will lead to increased corrosion resistance of the steel surface layers, generally formed in the hereby investigated environmental medium (both liquid i.e. cement extract and solid i.e. mortar). Further, it was expected that when chlorides are involved, as corrosion accelerating factor, the presence of hybrid particles will delay corrosion initiation and will therefore lead to increased corrosion resistance. The results denote for indeed superior corrosion performance of steel in chloride-free and chloride containing medium, when hybrid particles are involved. The responsible mechanisms are related to increased barrier effects of the formed layer and self-repair upon morphological alterations of the hybrid particles, “nucleation sites effects” and/or Ca-core “release” on locally active (anodic) areas on the steel surface.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Oxidative Polycoupling of Phenylpyrazole and Internal Diynes: A New Polymerization Route for Atom-Economical Synthesis of Poly(pyrazolylnaphthalene)s
Authors: Liu Yajing , Gao Meng , Li Jie , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTA new route for atom-economical synthesis of functional polymers was developed. Oxidative polycoupling of 3,5-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrazole with 4,4’-(α,ω-alkylenedioxy) bis(diphenylacetylene)s and 1,2-diphenyl-1,2-bis[4-(phenylethynyl)phenyl]ethene, respectively, were catalyzed by [Cp*RhCl2]2, 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylcyclopenta-1,3-diene and copper(II) acetate in dimethylformamide under stoichiometric imbalance conditions, affording soluble poly(pyrazolylnaphthalene)s in satisfactory yields (isolation yield up to 82%) with high molecular weights (Mw up to 35700). All the polymers were thermally stable, losing little of their weight at high temperatures of 323–422 oC. They possessed good film-forming property and their thin solid films showed high refractive indices (RI = 1.747–1.593) in a wide wavelength region of 400−1000 nm. The polymer carrying tetraphenylethene unit displayed a phenomenon of aggregation-induced emission and showed enhanced light emission in the aggregated state.