bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Streuung von Ionen. III. Regenbogeneffekt bei der Streuung von H+ an N2 , CO, CO2 , SF6, H2 und CH4 sowie von H2
+ an Ar und Kr
Authors: Mittmann H.-U. , Weise H.-P. , Ding A. , Henglein A. 
Published: February 2015

Differential scattering cross sections of H+ on various molecules and of H2
+ on Ar and Kr were measured at various energies between 5 eV and 40 eV. Several rainbows could be resolved for the systems H+-N2, H+-CO, H+-CO2 and H+-SF6 . In the case of H+-H2 , secondary rainbows could be traced at higher energies (30 eV). Only the primary rainbow was observed for H+-CH4 . The H2
+-Ar and H2
+-Kr systems also yielded rainbow structures. Broad additional maxima appeared at large angles for H2
+-Kr which were atttributed to the crossing of potential curves. The rapid oscillations could not be observed. The measured differential cross sections for the systems H+-N2 , CO, CO2, SF6 and H2 were fitted by a procedure described in part I using a simple Morse potential. The equilibrium distances rm were estimated from the relation rm = 0.7-rg (rg: gaskinetic radius of the molecule) which was found to hold approximately for the H+-noble gas systems.
The following potential depths e were obtained: 4.15 eV for N2-H+; 4.70 eV for CO-H+; 5.10 eV for CO2-H+; 3.66 eV for SF6-H+; 4.04 eV for H2-H+. These values are averages because of the anisotropy of the potentials. The potential depth for the H+-H2 system is little smaller than the theoretical value of 4.56 eV. This is attributed to nontriangular configurations in the scattering process. The scattering experiments with the system H4-CH4 were evaluated classically, ε (H+-CH4) was found to be 3.8 eV only. The large difference to the theoretical value ε = 5.45 eV is explained by the inadiabacity of the scattering process with respect to the movement of the H atoms in methane.
ε (Ar-H2
+) and ε (KrH2
+) were found to be (1.3 ± 0.2 ) eV and (1.1 ± 0.2 ) eV, respectively. Energy level diagram are dicussed for the ion-molecule reactions Ar+ (Kr+) + H2 → ArH+ (KrH+) + H including the ArH2
+ and KrH2
+ intermediate states. They show that most of the reaction energy becomes free in the approach of the reactants Ar++H2. This effect is less pronounced for the Kr+ (2P1/2)+H2-reaction and even a small threshold energy exists for the Kr+ (2P3/2)+H2-reaction. reaction
Schweratomwirkungen von Hg(II) auf das Lumineszenzverhalten von Thionaphthen, Acenaphthen und Coronen
Authors: Zander M. 
Published: February 2015

Die Mehrzahl der vorliegenden Untersuchungen über innere und äußere Schweratomeffekte (Zunahme der Spin-Bahn-Kopplung) in der Lumineszenz aromatischer Systeme bezieht sich auf Halogen als Schweratom 1. - In dieser Mitteilung wird über den Einfluß von Hg (II) (ZHg = 80) auf das Lumineszenzverhalten von Thionaphthen, Acenaphthen und Coronen beriditet.
Zum Studium des inneren Schweratomeffekts erscheinen die Aryl- bzw. Heteroaryl-Hg (II)-acetatverbindungen geeignet, die in vielen Fällen durch Umsetzung des Aromaten mit Hg (II) -acetat leicht zugänglich sind. - Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde aus Acenaphthen ein Di-mercurierungsprodukt dargestellt, für das auf Grund des bekannten Verhaltens des Acenaphthens bei der elektrophilen Substitution und des IR-Spektrums (γ- CH-Schwingungen) die Konstitution I angenommen werden muß. Thionaphthen liefert in der gleichen Reaktion das Monomercurierungsprodukt II 2
Zeeman-Effekt in der Phosphoreszenz von Naphthalin-Mischkristallen
Authors: Kilpper D. , Schowerer M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The Zeeman splitting of the phosphorescence (T1→ S0) was investigated in a mixed crystal of perdeuterated Naphthalene (N-d8) and Naphthalene (N-h8). The N-h8 concentration varied between 0.2 and 5%, the temperature was 4.2 °K and the magnetic field strength was 50 kG. The intensity of the Zeeman components is strongly dependent on the direction of the field with respect to the molecular axes. In addition to this anisotropy we observe a strong anisotropy of the lifetime of the triplet state. Both these anisotropics are due to the zero field splitting of the triplet state T1. Their analysis yields the following constants: (1) the relative radiative transition probabilities kx
r, ky
r and kz
r from the three zero field components Tx, Ty and Tz to the singlet ground state S0 and (2) the total lifetimes tx , ty and tz of each zero field component. No assumptions concerning selection rules are made in the analysis. The results for the values of the ku
r (u-x, y, z) depend on the vibronic state of S0: if totally symmetric states are excited, 97% of the phosphorescence originates from the zero field component Tx . If the Δṽ= 1629 cm-1 B3g-vibration is excited the phosphorescence originates mainly from Ty and Tz . The total lifetimes of Tx , Ty and Tz are the same as measured previously in low fields by ESR.
Application of a New Principle of Assignment to the Infrared Spectrum of 2-Chloroacrylonitrile
Authors: Wlnther F. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The principle of phase independent anharmonicity constants has been applied to the assignment of the infrared spectra of gaseous and liquid 1-chloro-1-cyanoethylene. The transferability of the anharmonicity constants of 1,1-dichloroethylene and some other objective criteria have also been utilized. An attempt has been made to correct for vibrational resonances and to determine the harmonic frequencies of H2C:CCl(CN).
Statistical Thermodynamics Enthalpy, Free Energy, Entropy, and Heat Capacity of Some Hexafluorides of Octahedral Symmetry
Authors: Nagarajan G. , Brinkley Donald C. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A detailed analysis of the molecular structural data and infrared absorption and Raman spectra of the hexafluoride of sulfur, selenium, tellurium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthium, rhodium, tungsten, thenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, uranium, neptunium, and plutonium has been made. These molecules, having the greatest number of symmetry elements of all existing molecules, possess an octahedral symmetry with the symmetry point group Oh. They give rise to six fundamental frequencies of which three are allowed in the Raman spectrum, two are allowed in the infrared absorption spectrum, and one is inactive. The inactive mode in normally determined from the overtones and combinations. On the basis of a rigid rotator and harmonic oscillator model, enthalpy, free energy, entropy, and heat capacity for temperatures from 200 °K to 2000 °K have been computed for these molecules. The results are briefly discussed and compared with available experimental data.
Ein Näherungsverfahren zur Berechnung rotationssymmetrischer elektrostatischer Felder mit beliebigen Randbedingungen und seine Anwendung auf einen Elektronenstrahlerzeuger mit Spitzenkathode
Authors: Rauh Hermann 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
An approximate method is described for calculating electrostatic fields of rotational symmetry with arbitrary boundary conditions. The method is based on the computation of the surface charge density on the field forming electrodes. Successfully tested by well-known analytical solutions, the method is applied to the determination of electron trajectories in an electron gun with a point cathode. The ray tracing is done by the Runge-Kutta-Nyström procedure.
Die Austauschwechselwirkung in CeRu2 und seinen Mischkristallen mit den Rutheniden anderer seltener Erdmetalle
Authors: Hillenbrand B. , Schuster K. , Wilhelm M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Für CeRu2 und seine Mischkristalle mit den Rutheniden anderer seltener Erdmetalle wird nach drei Methoden ein Wert für die effektive Austauschwechselwirkung J eff ermittelt: Aus der g-Ver-schiebung, aus der Konzentration c0, die den supraleitenden Konzentrationsbereich begrenzt, und aus Curietemperaturen. Die beiden ersten Methoden ergeben ein J eff von einigen meV, nach der dritten Methode ist J eff merklich größer. Es wird angenommen, daß die Ursache für die geringe Tc-Absenkung durch magnetische Ionen der seltenen Erdmetalle ein kleines J eff ist und nicht die Wechselwirkung der Ionen mit Kristallfeldern.
Verschiedene Formen von amorphem Selen
Authors: Richter H. , Breitling G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Amorphes Se ist gitterähnlich. Weitere gitterähnliche amorphe Stoffe sind: Si, Ge, As, Sb u. a. m. sowie die Gläser SiO2 , B2O3 u. a. m. Diese amorphen Stoffe haben mit dem zugehörigen Gitter den Grundbaustein, das Bauelement, gemeinsam.
Bei Se hat man die drei amorphen Formen Se(I), Se(II) und Se(III) mit verschiedenem kürzestem Kettenabstand zu unterscheiden. In Se(I) kommen Schraubenketten wie im Gitter vor, in Se(II) und Se(III) dagegen ebene Zickzackketten mit dem Elementardreieck des Gitters als Baustein. In aufgedampftem amorphem Se findet man bei tiefer Temperatur Se(II) und bei Zimmertemperatur Se(III). Geschmolzenes Se von 270 °C baut sich vornehmlich aus Se(III) auf, daneben trifft man kleinste Gitterbereiche, also Se(I), an. Diese Struktur, und zwar mit denselben Komponenten, beobachtet man häufig bei glasig erstarrtem Se. In geschmolzenem Se von 425 °C liegt eine stark gestörte Kettenstruktur vor, so daß sich nur noch die Abmessungen des Elementardreieckes in der Atomverteilungskurve abzeichnen.
Modelle kraftfreier Magnetfelder
Authors: Wagner R. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A method for computing force-free magnetic fields of known anomality a ≠ const is described. The procedure is introduced by treating plane fields; thereby it is proved that force-free fields of constant strength are alyaws plane. In general case the surfaces a= const are chosen as coordinate surface of an orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system. In this system the magnetic field is described by a linear partial differential equation which can be solved numerically. Making use of simplifying assumptions about symmetries in the coordinate systems, analytic solutions are found which are extended on constant a.
The formulae derived can be used to decide if to a given geometry a force-free field does exist. Existing fields can be computed immediately. The results are illustrated by examples.
Erfahrungen zur numerischen Stabilität der Zentrifugalanalyse
Authors: Typke Volker 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The numerical properties of 2 equivalent formulas for centrifugal distortion analysis are discussed The numerical results for 1-Chlor-3-Fluor-Propin and Dimethylsulfoxide show that the alternative formula to Watson's commonly used formula is numerically more stable by several orders of magnitude.
A New Optical Method for the Determination of Interatomic Potentials
Authors: Behmenburg W. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A new method is described to obtain information on the true difference potential of interatomic interaction from the quasistatic wings of spectral lines broadened by neutral atoms. Based on the one-particle-approximation of the quasistatic theory of line broadening, it does not rely on any particular model function. Furthermore, from measurements of the temperature dependence of the line wings it may yield additional information on the potentials for the initial or final state of the line separately. The method is appplied to measurements of the red wing of the mercury absorption line 61S0 - 63P1 λ 2537 Å, perturbed by argon.
Thermodynamic Properties of Solid Systems AgCl + NaCl and AgBr + NaBr from Miscibility Gap Measurements
Authors: Sinistri Cesare , Riccardi Riccardo , Margheritis Chiara , Tittarelli Paolo 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Miscibility gaps for the solid systems AgCl + NaCl and AgBr+NaBr have been measured by a high temperature X-ray technique.
For the two studied systems the solubility curves are very nearly symmetrical in respect to the compositions xNaCl = .513 and xNaBr = .506, while the upper critical temperature are 198 °C for AgCl + NaCl and 285 °C for AgBr+NaBr.
The thermodynamic properties of the two solid systems have been calculated using only experimental solubility data. Values of activity and of enthalpy of mixing were estimated and compared with those reported in literature.
Thermoluminescence of ZnS
Authors: Grasser R. , May A. , Scharmann A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A number of zinc sulphide phosphors containing cobalt was prepared with various concentrations of additional impurities. Co++-ions in both copper and silver activated phosphors produce a characteristic glowcurve, showing three distinct peaks above liquid nitrogen temperature. It was established that the first and probably the second glowpeak is connected with distinct traps, while the third peak is caused by a continuous distribution of traps. Measurements of thermoluminescence spectra as well as investigations of energy storage capacity and temperature dependence of electron capture in traps pointed to a local association of traps and luminescence centres in the case of the first two glowpeaks, whereas electron transfer via the conduction band from traps to separated luminescence centers was assumed for the third peak. An already existing model was used for discussing the experimental results obtained.
Über die Ursache der Supraleitung. III / On the cause of superconductivity. III.
Authors: Krebs H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
By consideration of superconducting compounds, whose chemical bond nature is known or can be derived with some certainty, it is shown that superconductivity only occurs, if valency electrons of a band can move in at least one space direction without intersecting any nodal surfaces. This applies both for metallic substances and for semiconductors. The following examples are discussed:
1. Metallic and semiconducting compounds composed of elements of the main groups and having a lattice similar to that of NaCl.
2. Nb- and Ta-chalcogenides with MoS2-structure.
3. The clathrate-compound [Ag7O8]+X-.
4. LaC2 with CaC2-structure.
5. Metallic and semiconducting perovskites.
6. Spinels and interstitial compounds with NaCl-structure.
7. Pyrites.
8. Some metals and their alloys.
In the case of s-electrons, this condition is fulfilled for all space directions, in the case of <5-bonds only along the intersecting line of the two nodal planes. A “δ”-bond is often - especially in an NaCl-type lattice - associated with a translation perpendicular to this intersecting line (in the NaCl-type lattice a translation by a/2) and a rotation by 90°. In such a “δt”-bond system the four segments of a dt2g-electron belong to four adjacent canals of quadratic cross-section (in the NaCl-type lattice the side length is a/2) which are not intersected by nodal surfaces. Only electrons fulfilling the condition indicated above can be considered as “free electrons”.
On the Migration of Ions in Alkali Nitrate-Silver Nitrate Melts
Authors: Richter J. , Amkreutz E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Stoichiometric transport numbers of the ion constituents of the molten salt mixtures NaNO3+AgNO3 and LiNO3 + AgNO3 (referred to the common anion) have been determined by EMF measurements in a concentration cell with transference. The composition range is 0.7 ≦ x ≦ 1.0 at 240 °C to 0.1 ≦ x ≦ 1.0 at 300 °C (x denotes the mole fraction of silver nitrate) in the system NaNO3 + AgNO3 , and 0.1 ≦ x ≦ 1.0 in the same temperature range in the system LiNO3 + AgNO3 , the phase diagram defining the lower limit and the decomposition of the melt the upper limit. In addition, ionic mobilities, conductivities, equivalent conductivities, and the characteristic quantities of the idealized melts of the two systems have been calculated at 260 °C and 290 °C.
The Isotope Effect for Electromigration of Sodium Ions in Molten Sodium Nitrate
Authors: Saito Nobufusa , Hirano Katsumi , Okuyama Kohei , Okada Isao 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The relative difference (Δb/b) between the internal electromigration mobilities of 22Na and 24Na in molten NaNO3 has been measured in the range 340 - 515 °C. The internal mass effect, μint= (Δb/b)/(Δm/m) is - 0.056 at 340 °C (melting point 308 °C), - 0.079 at 435 °C and - 0.068 at 515 °C. The errors in μint are ±0.002.
Elektronendichte und chemische Verschiebung der Styryldiazin- und Diazaphenanthrenprotonen / Electrondensity and Proton Chemical Shift of Styryldiazines and Diazaphenanthrenes
Authors: Perkampus H.-H. , Bluhm Th. , Knop J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Proton chemical shifts in styryldiazines and diazaphenanthrenes linearly correlate with SCF-π-electron densities of the attached carbon atom and with the electron densities of the hydrogen atom (calculated by the CNDO/2 method). The observed deviations from linearity are discussed in terms of ring current effect, steric effects and the paramagnetic effect of the nitrogen lone pair electrons. An appreciable weakening of ring current is found for diazaphenanthrenes with two adjacent N-atoms. Under the same condition the paramagnetic effect on ortho-hydrogens is increased.
Zur Beschreibung relativistischer Teilchen höheren Spins im elektromagnetischen Feld / The Description of Relativistic Particles with Arbitrary Spin in the Electromagnetic Field,
Authors: Ulrici Wolfgang 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Starting with the equations of the center-of-mass motion and spin motion of a particle in a homogeneous electromagnetic field, we derive the Hamiltonian and the wave equation of a relativistic particle with arbitrary spin and arbitrary magnetic moment in this field. We change from the canonical representation to spinor representations with convenient transformation properties, and we find a form of the wave equation which, for the special case of spin 1/2, coincides with the Dirac equation (in the form first given by Feynman). The problems and limitations of this derivation are extensively discussed.
Notizen: Allox-Leiter zur elektrischen Serienschaltung von Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellen / All-ox Conductor for Series Connection of High-Temperature Fuel Cells
Authors: Kleinschmager H. , Reich A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Lanthanchromit, dotiert mit Strontium und Nickel, sowie Lanthannickeloxid, dotiert mit Kobalt, ändern bei 1000 °C in einer Gasatmosphäre mit zwischen 1 - 10-16 atm variiertem O2-Partialdruck ihre spezifische elektrische Leitfähigkeit nur wenig, so daß diese Materialien gute Aussichten eröffnen, Einzelzellen ohne merkliche Leistungsverluste zu Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellen-Batterien zusammenzuschalten.
On Determining the Sign of Fault Vectors by X-Ray Topography
Authors: Lang A.R. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Experiments show that the excess or deficiency of diffracted intensity in the image of the first fringe in stacking-fault-type fringe patterns on X-ray projection topographs can give a clear indication of the sign of the fault vector even when μ t is no greater than unity (μ is the normal linear absorption coefficient and t is the crystal thickness) provided that the crystal structure is such as will exhibit fairly strong anomalous transmission (Borrmann effect) in the thick crystal case for the Bragg reflections used. A quite simple diffraction theory suffices to account for the observations. Sign determinations based on this theory agree with those expected at Brazil twin boundaries parallel to major rhombohedral planes in quartz.
Polarization of the Recoil Proton for Proton Compton Scattering Below the Pion Production Threshold
Authors: Fengler H 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The polarization of the recoil proton for Compton scattering on protons below the pion production threshold, which arises from fourth order Feynman diagrams, is calculated by using the second order Compton amplitude in the unitarity condition. It is assumed that the second order amplitude can be approximated by the one proton intermediate state contribution. The polarization does not exceed 0.1% in the entire range of the scattering angle.
Derivation of a Master Equation for Intramolecular Relaxation Using Projection Operator Techniques in Liouville Space
Authors: Rösch Notker 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A generalized master equation is derived to describe intramolecular rearrangement processes. It is an inhomogeneous equation, including memory effects. The derivation is based on the Liouville space formalism. Because chemically relevant information is contained in the off-diagonal elements of the density matrix, a non-diagonal coarse-graining projector is used. All necessary assumptions are stated explicitly. By making further approximations, the master equation can be reduced to an inhomogeneous von Neumann equation with an effective Liouville operator the imaginary part of which is responsible for relaxation-like coarse-grained solutions. All neglected terms are given in closed form. The character of the solutions of the master equation is discussed in "coordinate-free" manner, i.e. without referring to the underlying Hilbert space.
Eine Approximation der Löwdinschen natürlichen Orbitale für Moleküle mit einer Green-Funktion-Methode
Authors: Albat R. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
An Approximation of Löwdin's Natural Orbitals for Molecules with a Green's Function Method The many-body-pertubation theorie of the single-particle Green's function is used to get an approximate first-order density matrix. Slightly modified SCF-orbitals form the basis for the expansion. The mass-operator in Dyson's equation is considered up to second order in the Perturbation. In the present form the method is only applicable to ground states with closed shells. The ground states of the molecules LiH and NH3 serve as examples to demonstrate the usefulness of the directly calculated natural orbitals for application in the C I-method. The natural orbitals give a much better convergence of the C I-expansion than the SCF-orbitals do.
Mössbauer-Effekt am Fe57 in Additions-und Substitutionsverbindungen des Natrium-Nitrosylprussiates / Mössbauer-Effect in Fe57 of Addition and Substitution Compounds of Sodium Nitroprusside
Authors: Weihofen Ulrich 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Investigating 21 iron complex compounds of the type [Fe(CN)5NOL]n- or [Fe(CN)5L]3- it was found that isomeric shift, quadrupol splitting, and Goldanskii effect depend on the purity of the compound. Varying the amount of impurity discrepancies between formerly published data could be explained. The Mössbauer spectra of three compounds showed line widths differing from the theoretical value only by a few per cent. This indicated that a very high purity had been achieved. In all cases information about the molecular structure and the bond strength between the central Fe-atom and its ligands was obtained.
Parametric Study of Functions of Molecular Vibrations
Authors: Alix A. , Bernard L. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In this work, the authors give the parametric form of the Zeta constants for the case of the molecules XY2 and X3 (symmetric species C2v), as a function of the mathematical parameter a which generates all the solutions, and of the molecular coupling coefficient Ψ12 between two symmetry coordinates S1(A1) and S2(A1).
Hyperfeinstruktur Des Csbr
Authors: Hoeft J. , Tiemann E. , Törring T. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The quadrupole hyperfine structure of 133Cs 79Br was measured on the rotational transition l=1 → 2 at 4.3 GHz. The obtained quadrupole coupling constants of 79Br in various vibrational states are reported.
Circular Polarization of Gamma Rays and Parity Nonconserving Interactions
Authors: Dumitrescu O. , Gari M , Kümmel H , Zabolitzky J. G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
An explicit expression for the circular polarization of gamma rays emitted by odd mass deformed nuclei is given. A semi-microscopic description of the nuclear excited states based on pairing plus quadrupole and octupole model is used. The average field is based on a deformed diffuse edge potential. The short-range correlations are taken into account via the generalized Bethe-Goldstone-equation.