bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic Social Isolation Is Associated with Metabolic Gene Expression Changes Specific to Mammary Adipose Tissue
Authors: Volden Paul A. , Wonder Erin L. , Skor Maxwell N. , Carmean Christopher M. , Patel Feenalie N. , Ye Honggang , Kocherginsky Masha , McClintock Martha K. , Brady Matthew J. , Conzen Suzanne D. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Chronic social isolation is linked to increased mammary tumor growth in rodent models of breast cancer. In the C3(1)/SV40 T-antigen FVB/N (TAg) mouse model of “triple-negative” breast cancer, the heightened stress response elicited by social isolation has been associated with increased expression of metabolic genes in the mammary gland before invasive tumors develop (i.e., during the in situ carcinoma stage). To further understand the mechanisms underlying how accelerated mammary tumor growth is associated with social isolation, we separated the mammary gland adipose tissue from adjacent ductal epithelial cells and analyzed individual cell types for changes in metabolic gene expression. Specifically, increased expression of the key metabolic genes Acaca, Hk2, and Acly was found in the adipocyte, rather than the epithelial fraction. Surprisingly, metabolic gene expression was not significantly increased in visceral adipose depots of socially isolated female mice. As expected, increased metabolic gene expression in the mammary adipocytes of socially isolated mice coincided with increased glucose metabolism, lipid synthesis, and leptin secretion from this adipose depot. Furthermore, application of media that had been cultured with isolated mouse mammary adipose tissue (conditioned media) resulted in increased proliferation of mammary cancer cells relative to group-housed–conditioned media. These results suggest that exposure to a chronic stressor (social isolation) results in specific metabolic reprogramming in mammary gland adipocytes that in turn contributes to increased proliferation of adjacent preinvasive malignant epithelial cells. Metabolites and/or tumor growth-promoting proteins secreted from adipose tissue could identify biomarkers and/or targets for preventive intervention in breast cancer. Cancer Prev Res; 6(7); 634–45. ©2013 AACR.
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Changes After Renal Sympathetic Denervation in Patients With Resistant Hypertension
Authors: Mahfoud Felix , Ukena Christian , Schmieder Roland E. , Cremers Bodo , Rump Lars C. , Vonend Oliver , Weil Joachim , Schmidt Martin , Hoppe Uta C. , Zeller Thomas , Bauer Axel , Ott Christian , Blessing Erwin , Sobotka Paul A. , Krum Henry , Schlaich Markus , Esler Murray , Böhm Michael 
Published: June 2013

Background—
Catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) reduces office blood pressure (BP) in patients with resistant hypertension according to office BP. Less is known about the effect of RDN on 24-hour BP measured by ambulatory BP monitoring and correlates of response in individuals with true or pseudoresistant hypertension.

Methods and Results—

A total of 346 uncontrolled hypertensive patients, separated according to daytime ambulatory BP monitoring into 303 with true resistant (office systolic BP [SBP] 172.2±22 mm Hg; 24-hour SBP 154±16.2 mm Hg) and 43 with pseudoresistant hypertension (office SBP 161.2±20.3 mm Hg; 24-hour SBP 121.1±19.6 mm Hg), from 10 centers were studied. At 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up, office SBP was reduced by 21.5/23.7/27.3 mm Hg, office diastolic BP by 8.9/9.5/11.7 mm Hg, and pulse pressure by 13.4/14.2/14.9 mm Hg (n=245/236/90;
P
for all <0.001), respectively. In patients with true treatment resistance there was a significant reduction with RDN in 24-hour SBP (−10.1/−10.2/−11.7 mm Hg,
P
<0.001), diastolic BP (−4.8/−4.9/−7.4 mm Hg,
P
<0.001), maximum SBP (−11.7/−10.0/−6.1 mm Hg,
P
<0.001) and minimum SBP (−6.0/−9.4/−13.1 mm Hg,
P
<0.001) at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. There was no effect on ambulatory BP monitoring in pseudoresistant patients, whereas office BP was reduced to a similar extent. RDN was equally effective in reducing BP in different subgroups of patients. Office SBP at baseline was the only independent correlate of BP response.

Conclusions—
RDN reduced office BP and improved relevant aspects of ambulatory BP monitoring, commonly linked to high cardiovascular risk, in patients with true-treatment resistant hypertension, whereas it only affected office BP in pseudoresistant hypertension.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifiers: NCT00664638 and NCT00888433.
The SOAR Stroke Score Predicts Inpatient and 7-Day Mortality in Acute Stroke
Authors: Kwok Chun Shing , Potter John F. , Dalton Genevieve , George Abraham , Metcalf Anthony K. , Ngeh Joseph , Nicolson Anne , Owusu-Agyei Peter , Shekhar Raj , Walsh Kevin , Warburton Elizabeth A. , Myint Phyo Kyaw 
Published: June 2013

Background and Purpose—
An accurate prognosis is useful for patients, family, and service providers after acute stroke.

Methods—
We validated the Stroke subtype, Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project Classification, Age, and prestroke Rankin stroke score in predicting inpatient and 7-day mortality using data from 8 National Health Service hospital trusts in the Anglia Stroke and Heart Clinical Network between September 2008 and April 2011.

Results—
A total of 3547 stroke patients (ischemic, 92%) were included. An incremental increase of inpatient and 7-day mortality was observed with increase in Stroke subtype, Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project Classification, Age, and prestroke Rankin stroke score. Using a cut-off of ≥3, the area under the receiver operator curves values for inpatient and 7-day mortality were 0.80 and 0.82, respectively.

Conclusions—
A simple score based on 4 easily obtainable variables at the point of care may potentially help predict early stroke mortality.
The Proportionality Principle and the Kable Doctrine: A New Test of Constitutional Invalidity?
Authors: Chaile Roshan 
Published: June 2013

In Kable v Director of Public Prosecutions (NSW) the High Court of Australia declared that the requirements of Chapter III of the Australian Constitution prohibited a State legislature from conferring powers on a State court that were repugnant or incompatible with their status as repositories of federal judicial power. This was a significant constitutional watershed; it had never previously been suggested that the protections contained in Chapter III applied to State courts. Recent applications of Kable, however, have given rise to concerns that the principles to be derived from that case are unclear. This is a serious deficiency given that State legislatures, not bound by a separation of powers doctrine at a State level, may choose to confer important decision-making functions on non-judicial bodies.
This article explores whether a bipartite inquiry, such as that employed in the rights jurisprudence in both England and Strasbourg, may clarify the meaning and scope of the principle enunciated in Kable. It commences by formulating a mode of inquiry which is intended to assist courts in determining whether a legislative act impairs the institutional integrity of a State court. It then argues that the principle of proportionality should be employed to determine whether a prima facie impairment may nonetheless be excusable. Such a conclusion would be reached where it can established that the legislative act is necessary in a democratic society, in the sense that it addresses a pressing social need. The introduction of this limited ground of justification promotes greater clarity and ensures that an appropriate balance is maintained between State legislative autonomy and the institutional integrity of State courts.
Oriental Bolboceras: Introduction to the genus and taxonomy of the nigricans group of species (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Bolboceratinae)
Authors: Krikken J. 
Published: June 2013

The taxonomy of the genus Bolboceras Kirby, 1819 (= Indobolbus Nikolajev, 1979) is discussed. The Oriental members of the genus as currently conceived have not been revised for the past 160 years. Operational groups of species are proposed, including the Bolboceras nigricans group. In this group B. nigricans Westwood, 1848 and five new Oriental group members are here keyed, diagnosed, and illustrated. The new species proposed are: Bolboceras schulzei (Bangladesh, India), B. malabaricum (India), B. extraneum (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan), B. insulare (Sri Lanka), and B. mimicans (Myanmar). In an Appendix a single new species is described in the Bolboceras perpunctatum group, to consolidate the key to the Bolboceras species groups – B. perpunctatum (India). A list of names of all Bolboceras species is given, indicating a formal retransfer of some from Indobolbus to Bolboceras, following a 2006 ruling of the ICZN on the use of the name Bolboceras.
Modified Shortwave Infrared Perpendicular Water Stress Index: A Farmland Water Stress Monitoring Method
Authors: Feng Haixia , Chen Chao , Dong Heng , Wang Jinliang , Meng Qingye 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCrop water stress monitoring by remote sensing has been the focus of numerous studies. In this paper, specifically red (630–690 nm) and shortwave infrared (SWIR; 1550–1750 nm) wavelength bands are identified to monitor farmland water stress, and a method [modified shortwave infrared perpendicular water stress index (MSPSI)] is developed that is based on the spectral space constructed by SWIR − Red (Rd) and SWIR + Red (Rs). The MSPSI stayed at mostly the same water stress level for full vegetation coverage cases with high vegetation water content and saturated bare soil as well as full vegetation coverage with extremely low vegetation water and dry bare soil in the Rs–Rd spectral feature space. This approach makes the water stress conditions between different covers comparable and the MSPSI applicable to farmland water stress monitoring in different vegetation covers throughout the growing season. To validate the proposed index, the MSPSI calculated from Thematic Mapper images and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 500-m reflectance products (from March to October) in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was compared with the ground-measured soil moisture content at different depths. It is evident from the results that the MSPSI derived from satellite imageries is highly correlated with ground-measured soil moisture at different depths (7.6 and 10 cm), with coefficients of determination R2 of 0.666, 0.512, 0.576, 0.361, 0.383, 0.391, 0.357, 0.410, and 0.418. The paper concludes that MSPSI is a promising index for crop water stress monitoring throughout the growing season.
A Software Package and Hardware Tools for in situ Experiments in a Lagrangian Reference Frame
Authors: Doglioli Andrea M. , Nencioli Francesco , Petrenko Anne A. , Rougier Gilles , Fuda Jean-Luc , Grima Nicolas 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The Lagrangian Transport Experiment (LATEX) was developed to study the influence of coupled physical and biogeochemical dynamics at the meso- and submesoscales on the transfers of matter and heat between the coastal zone and the open ocean. One of the goals of the Latex10 field experiment, conducted during September 2010 in the Gulf of Lion (northwest Mediterranean), was to mark a dynamical mesoscale feature by releasing a passive tracer [sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)] together with an array of Lagrangian buoys. The goal was to release the tracer in an initial patch as homogeneous as possible in the horizontal, and to study its turbulent mixing and dispersion while minimizing the contribution due to advection. For that, it was necessary to continuously adjust the vessel route in order to remain as closely as possible in the Lagrangian reference frame moving with the investigated mesoscale structure. To accomplish this task, a methodology and software were developed, which are presented here. The software is equipped with a series of graphical and user-friendly accessories and the entire package for MATLAB can be freely downloaded (http://mio.pytheas.univ-amu.fr/~doglioli).
Collective Student Trust
Authors: Adams Curt M. 
Published: June 2013

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine if collective student trust functions as a resource for urban elementary students. Methods Data from 1,646 students nested in 56 elementary schools in an urban school district were used to test the hypothesized effect of collective student trust on school identification, self-regulated learning, and math and reading achievement. A model-building process in HLM 6.08 was used to test the three hypotheses. Random-intercepts means-as-outcomes models were used to assess the school-level effects on school identification and self-regulated learning, controlling for free and reduced lunch rate and prior achievement. A one-way ANCOVA with random intercepts was used for math and reading achievement. Free and reduced lunch was specified as a student- and school-level control in order to set a more conservative standard for detecting a trust effect. Results The hypothesized effects of collective student trust on school identification, self-regulated learning, and achievement were confirmed. A culture of student trust in urban elementary schools partly contributed to identification with school, internal control over learning tasks, and math and reading achievement. Collective trust was the strongest school-level antecedent of positive student beliefs, behavior, and achievement. Implications With policy debates centering on increased funding, accountability, and teacher and leader evaluation, trust may seem like an unlikely mechanism to ameliorate performance problems in urban schools. Results from this study suggest that policy makers and school leaders should not overlook student trust as a viable social resource for schools and students.
Praxial music education: A critical analysis of critical commentaries
Authors: Silverman Marissa , Davis Susan A. , Elliott David J. 
Published: June 2013

Since its publication in 1995, a significant literature has developed around David J. Elliott’s praxial philosophy of music education, as explained in Music Matters: A New Philosophy of Music Education. This literature includes a range of commentaries in journals, books, edited books, and dissertations. Although Elliott has replied to some positive and negative commentaries since 1995, he has not addressed several adverse discussions by leading music education philosophers. Accordingly, we posit that there is an important gap in music education’s philosophical discourse that may cause some music education students and researchers to accept or reject important criticisms of Elliott’s praxialism without sufficient information or reflection. In this article we analyze several critiques of Elliott’s praxialism. Our discussion divides into three sections related to major topics presented in the praxial philosophy particularly and music education generally: music making, music listening and musical works, and musical values. Each section presents (a) critics’ evaluations of Elliott’s position on a given topic, and (b) Elliott’s stated position on that topic, as explained in Music Matters. Where pertinent, we consult the views of other scholars on specific topics. We end each section with brief reflections on critics’ claims, reserving our final evaluations for the concluding section.
Are family physician visits and continuity of care associated with acute care use at end-of-life? A population-based cohort study of homecare cancer patients
Authors: Almaawiy Ummukulthum , Pond Gregory R , Sussman Jonathan , Brazil Kevin , Seow Hsien 
Published: June 2013

Background: Previous end-of-life cancer research has shown an association between increased family physician continuity of care and reduced use of acute care services; however, it did not focus on a homecare population or control for homecare nursing. Aim: Among end-of-life homecare cancer patients, to investigate the association of family physician continuity with location of death and hospital and emergency department visits in the last 2 weeks of life while controlling for nursing hours. Design: Retrospective population-based cohort study. Setting/participants: Cancer patients with ≥1 family physician visit in 2006 from Ontario, Canada. Family physician continuity of care was assessed using two measures: Modified Usual Provider of Care score and visits/week. Its association with location of death and hospital and emergency department visits in the last 2 weeks of life was examined using logistic regression. Results: Of 9467 patients identified, the Modified Usual Provider of Care score demonstrated a dose–response relationship with increasing continuity associated with decreased odds of hospital death and visiting the hospital and emergency department in the last 2 weeks of life. More family physician visits/week were associated with lower odds of an emergency department visit in the last 2 weeks of life and hospital death, except for patients with greater than 4 visits/week, where they had increased odds of hospitalizations and hospital deaths. Conclusions: These results demonstrate an association between increased family physician continuity of care and decreased odds of several acute care outcomes in late life, controlling for homecare nursing and other covariates.
Changing trends in HIV diagnosis in an inner city London teaching hospital 2007–2011
Authors: Wilkin-Crowe H , Majewska W , Lau R , Webb H , Pakianathan M 
Published: June 2013

Summary In 2008, guidelines aimed at reducing undiagnosed HIV infection were published, recommending normalization of testing. Local initiatives were carried out in south-west London including an extensive primary care education programme. This study aimed to establish the impact of these initiatives on HIV diagnoses. Data on all new diagnoses referred to our centre were collected and analysed from patient records. A total of 394 patients were newly diagnosed with HIV from 2007 to 2011. Diagnosis in primary care and other non-sexual health (SH) settings increased by 184% during this period. There was an increase of 37% in the median CD4 count at diagnosis, taking the figure to 372 cells/mm3 in 2011. The proportion of patients presenting with a CD4 count of <200cells/mm3 decreased by 24%. The evidence suggests that these local initiatives were successful in increasing HIV diagnoses outside SH settings, particularly in very late presenters.
Use of expedited partner therapy among chlamydia cases diagnosed at an urban Indian health centre, Arizona
Authors: Taylor M M , Reilley B , Yellowman M , Anderson L , de Ravello L , Tulloch S 
Published: June 2013

Summary Chlamydia cases diagnosed in the women's clinic were more likely to receive expedited partner therapy (EPT) and to be re-tested as compared with urgent and emergent care settings. Fewer re-infections occurred among patients who received EPT. Disproportionate rates of chlamydia occur among American Indian (AI) populations. To describe use of EPT among chlamydia cases diagnosed at an urban Indian Health Service (IHS) facility in Arizona, health records were used to extract confirmed cases of chlamydia diagnosed between January 2009 and August 2011. Medical records of 492 patients diagnosed with chlamydia were reviewed. Among the 472 cases who received treatment, 246 (52%) received EPT. Receipt of EPT was significantly associated with being female (odds ratio (OR) 2.1, 1.03–4.4, P < 0.001) and receipt of care in the women's clinic (OR 9.9, 95% CI 6.0–16.2) or in a primary care clinic (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1–5.1). Compared with those receiving care in the women's clinic, the odds of receipt of EPT were significantly less in those attending the urgent/express care clinic (OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.06–0.2), and the emergency department (OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.05–0.2). Among treated patients who underwent re-testing ( N = 323, 68% total treated) re-infection was less common among those that received EPT (13% versus 27%; OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.9). In this IHS facility, EPT was protective in preventing chlamydia re-infection. Opportunities to expand the use of EPT were identified in urgent and emergent care settings.
Screening HIV-infected adults in Malawi for anaemia: impact on eligibility for antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Page I D , McKew S J , Kudzala A G , Fullwood C , van Oosterhout J J , Bates I 
Published: June 2013

Summary Clinical staging determines antiretroviral therapy (ART) eligibility when CD4 count is not available. Haemoglobin (Hb) ≤8 g/dL is an indication for the treatment. We measured Hb in HIV-positive Malawian adults undergoing clinical assessment for ART eligibility and calculated the percentage of patients with CD4 ≤ 350 cells/μL deemed eligible for ART by clinical staging with and without Hb measurement, using the existing threshold and an alternative proposed after comparing Hb values to CD4 counts. Three hundred and thirty-eight patients had CD4 counts measured and 226 (67%) had CD4 ≤ 350 cells/μL. Thirty-six (16%) patients with low CD4 count were eligible for ART by clinical assessment alone, 48 (21%) when Hb was also measured with a threshold of ≤8 g/dL and 74 (34%) with a threshold of ≤10 g/dL. Measuring Hb alongside clinical assessment could increase the number of patients with CD4 ≤ 350 cells/μL starting ART by 33% using a threshold of Hb ≤ 8 g/dL or 114% with a threshold of ≤10g/dL.
Ankle Dorsiflexion Arthrodesis to Salvage Chopart’s Amputation With Anterior Skin Insufficiency
Authors: Krause Fabian G. , Pfander Gilles , Henning Julia , Shafighi Maziar , Weber Martin 
Published: June 2013

Background: In Chopart-level amputations the heel often deviates into equinus and varus when, due to the lack of healthy anterior soft tissue, rebalancing tendon transfers to the talar head are not possible. Consequently, anterior and lateral wound dehiscence and ulceration may occur requiring higher-level amputation to achieve wound closure, with considerable loss of function for the patients. Methods: Twenty-four consecutive patients (15 diabetes, 6 trauma, and 3 tumor) had Chopart’s amputation and simultaneous or delayed additional ankle dorsiflexion arthrodesis to allow for tension-free wound closure or soft tissue reconstruction, or to treat secondary recurrent ulcerations. Percutaneous Achilles tendon lengthening and subtalar arthrodesis were added as needed. Wound healing problems, time to fusion and full weight-bearing in the prosthesis, complications in the prosthesis, and the ambulatory status were assessed. Satisfaction and function were evaluated by the AmpuPro score and the validated Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire scale. Results: Five patients had successful soft tissue healing and fusions but died of their underlying disease 2 to 46 months after the operation. Two diabetic patients required a transtibial amputation. The other 17 patients were followed for 27 months (range, 13-63). The average age of the 4 women and 13 men was 53.9 years (range, 16-87). Postoperative complications included minor wound healing problems in 8 patients, wound breakdown requiring revision in 4, phantom pain in 3, residual equinus in 1, and adjacent scar carcinoma in 1 patient. The time to full weight-bearing in the prosthesis ranged from 6 to 24 weeks (mean 10). The mean AmpuPro score was 107 points (of 120), and the mean Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire scale was 147 points (of 200). No complications occurred with the prosthesis. Twelve patients lost 1 to 2 mobility classes (mean 0.9). The arthrodeses all healed within 2.5 months (range, 1.5 to 5 months). Conclusion: Adding an ankle arthrodesis to a Chopart’s amputation either immediately or in a delayed fashion to treat anterior soft tissue complications was a successful salvage in most patients at this amputation level. It enabled the patients to preserve the advantages of a full-length limb with terminal weight-bearing. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.