bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaginal
Authors: Chiore Valeria 
Published: December 2013

Est-ce que l’ Imaginal peut se configurer comme une catégorie capable de définir le statut de l’imagination au troisième millénaire ? Cette année nous rappelle, en effet, le cinquantenaire de la disparition de Gaston Bachelard, qui a dédié de nombreuses réflexions à l’imagination en tant qu’imagination matérielle, inaugurant une démarche de pensée qui, adéquatement radicalisée, peut aboutir à l’Imaginal, ontologie de l’imagination matérielle. Selon une promotion de la matérialité sans précédent qui, bouleversant la démiurgie du sujet classique à l’avantage de la matière, sans pourtant s’épuiser dans un matérialisme vulgaire, prévoit l’affirmation d’une substance vive et active qui, grosse de possibles , pourrait justifier un ample éventail de possibilités, d’utopies, de pratiques désirantes : esthétiques, par exemple, ou bien éthiques et politiques, ou, enfin, scientifiques et neurobiologiques. Des parcours qui, poursuivis non seulement par Bachelard mais surtout par ses élèves et continuateurs, tels Merleau-Ponty et Dufrenne, démontrent la vivacité d’une catégorie en mesure de répondre, de nos jours, à des questions de saisissante actualité.
L'interactionnisme symbolique de Blumer revisité
Authors: Lacaze Lionel 
Published: December 2013

Cet article est une contribution à la redéfinition de l’interactionnisme symbolique à partir d’une revue critique du travail de David Snow qui tente de refonder les perspectives d’Herbert Blumer. Dans un premier temps, sont présentées quelques sources théoriques issues de l’école de Chicago. Ensuite, sont exposées les extensions apportées à la définition de Blumer basée sur l’imputation de sens par D. Snow (détermination interactionnelle, symbolisation, émergence, agentivité). Il se conclut par une appréciation critique de l’essai de reconstruction théorique de D. Snow et par une discussion axée sur l’importance pour la sociologie de l’intelligibilité de la notion d’interaction sociale et des vicissitudes de sa réception.
Le principe d'interlocution dialogique d'Edgar Morin et son application à la logique de l'oralité dans les traditions africaines
Authors: Nsonsissa Auguste 
Published: December 2013

Dans cet article, nous nous proposons de mettre en avant la pragmatique dialogique africaine qui intègre l’idée d’échange, de communication à partir et en fonction de « l’arbre à palabre ». On y trouve également l’idée de savoir, par-delà l’art de la dispute, tel qu’il se déploie dans le cadre de la pratique éthique et politique propre à la culture africaine congolaise, comment guérir de façon durable la dépravation généralisée des mœurs qui caractérise ladite société.
Visages de la médecine
Authors: Gondard Éric 
Published: December 2013

Si la médecine est la science de la vie au sens de soin de la vie, le simple fait de chercher à la comprendre, de la formater en tant qu’objet de recherche et de conscience, la prive de son élan vitaliste. Dès lors, enfermée dans le jeu de la rationalité, se pose le problème d’une épistémologie de cette science : la médecine soumise à la raison perd son essence. Biais intellectuel que la position des médecines traditionnelles évitent dans leur vision cosmogonique de la nature, de l’être, de la mort et de la vie.
Prostaglandin E2–EP3 Signaling Induces Inflammatory Swelling by Mast Cell Activation
Authors: Morimoto Kazushi , Shirata Naritoshi , Taketomi Yoshitaka , Tsuchiya Soken , Segi-Nishida Eri , Inazumi Tomoaki , Kabashima Kenji , Tanaka Satoshi , Murakami Makoto , Narumiya Shuh , Sugimoto Yukihiko 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
PGE2 has long been known as a potentiator of acute inflammation, but its mechanisms of action still remain to be defined. In this study, we employed inflammatory swelling induced in mice by arachidonate and PGE2 as models and dissected the role and mechanisms of action of each EP receptor at the molecular level. Arachidonate- or PGE2-induced vascular permeability was significantly reduced in EP3-deficient mice. Intriguingly, the PGE2-induced response was suppressed by histamine H1 antagonist treatment, histidine decarboxylase deficiency, and mast cell deficiency. The impaired PGE2-induced response in mast cell–deficient mice was rescued upon reconstitution with wild-type mast cells but not with EP3-deficient mast cells. Although the number of mast cells, protease activity, and histamine contents in ear tissues in EP3-deficient mice were comparable to those in wild-type mice, the histamine contents in ear tissues were attenuated upon PGE2 treatment in wild-type but not in EP3-deficient mice. Consistently, PGE2–EP3 signaling elicited histamine release in mouse peritoneal and bone marrow–derived mast cells, and it exerted degranulation and IL-6 production in a manner sensitive to pertussis toxin and a PI3K inhibitor and dependent on extracellular Ca2+ ions. These results demonstrate that PGE2 triggers mast cell activation via an EP3–Gi/o–Ca2+ influx/PI3K pathway, and this mechanism underlies PGE2-induced vascular permeability and consequent edema formation.
Pre- and Postnatal Transplantation of Fetal Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Two-Center Experience
Authors: Götherström Cecilia , Westgren Magnus , Shaw S.W. Steven , Åström Eva , Biswas Arijit , Byers Peter H. , Mattar Citra N.Z. , Graham Gail E. , Taslimi Jahan , Ewald Uwe , Fisk Nicholas M. , Yeoh Allen E.J. , Lin Ju-Li , Cheng Po-Jen , Choolani Mahesh , Le Blanc Katarina , Chan Jerry K.Y. 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) can be recognized prenatally with ultrasound. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has the potential to ameliorate skeletal damage. We report the clinical course of two patients with OI who received prenatal human fetal MSC (hfMSC) transplantation and postnatal boosting with same-donor MSCs. We have previously reported on prenatal transplantation for OI type III. This patient was retransplanted with 2.8 × 106 same-donor MSCs per kilogram at 8 years of age, resulting in low-level engraftment in bone and improved linear growth, mobility, and fracture incidence. An infant with an identical mutation who did not receive MSC therapy succumbed at 5 months despite postnatal bisphosphonate therapy. A second fetus with OI type IV was also transplanted with 30 × 106 hfMSCs per kilogram at 31 weeks of gestation and did not suffer any new fractures for the remainder of the pregnancy or during infancy. The patient followed her normal growth velocity until 13 months of age, at which time longitudinal length plateaued. A postnatal infusion of 10 × 106 MSCs per kilogram from the same donor was performed at 19 months of age, resulting in resumption of her growth trajectory. Neither patient demonstrated alloreactivity toward the donor hfMSCs or manifested any evidence of toxicities after transplantation. Our findings suggest that prenatal transplantation of allogeneic hfMSCs in OI appears safe and is of likely clinical benefit and that retransplantation with same-donor cells is feasible. However, the limited experience to date means that it is not possible to be conclusive and that further studies are required.
De quelques apports de la doctrine de la « marge d’appréciation » à l’interprétation de l’exception de moralité publique en droit de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC)
Authors: Conway Émilie 
Published: December 2013

L’exception de moralité publique souffre, en droit de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC), d’une ambiguïté originelle que ni la jurisprudence de l’OMC ni les nombreux débats doctrinaux ne sont parvenus à dissiper complètement. Au coeur de la controverse repose la question de savoir si la notion de « moralité publique » au sens de l’article XX (a) du GATT de 1994 doit se voir attribuer une interprétation uniforme, voire universelle, ou variant au contraire au gré des réalités et particularités nationales. Inhérente au droit international public, la tension entre le particulier et l’universel n’est pas étrangère au droit international des droits de la personne. Dans le présent article, l’auteure fait le pari que le droit de l’OMC peut tirer parti de la pratique des juridictions de protection des droits humains, et plus particulièrement de la doctrine de la marge d’appréciation développée dans la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme, de manière à éclairer l’interprétation de l’exception de moralité publique dans son rapport avec la diversité des États membres de l’OMC.
Less reliable water availability in the 21st century climate projections
Authors: Kumar Sanjiv , Lawrence David M. , Dirmeyer Paul A. , Sheffield Justin 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe temporal variability of river and soil water affects society at time scales ranging from hourly to decadal. The available water (AW), i.e., precipitation minus evapotranspiration, represents the total water available for runoff, soil water storage change, and ground water recharge. The reliability of AW is defined as the annual range of AW between local wet and dry seasons. A smaller annual range represents greater reliability and a larger range denotes less reliability. Here we assess the reliability of AW in the 21st century climate projections by 20 climate models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The multimodel consensus suggests less reliable AW in the 21st century than in the 20th century with generally decreasing AW in local dry seasons and increasing AW in local wet seasons. In addition to the canonical perspective from climate models that wet regions will get wetter, this study suggests greater dryness during dry seasons even in regions where the mean climate becomes wetter. Lower emission scenarios show significant advantages in terms of minimizing impacts on AW but do not eliminate these impacts altogether.SummaryModeling of future water availability predicts that wet regions become wetter and dry regions become drier, leading to an increasing likelihood of seasonal droughts and floods in regions where such vulnerability is already high.
Comparison of Subantarctic Mode Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water formation rates in the South Pacific between NCAR‐CCSM4 and observations
Authors: Hartin Corinne A. , Fine Rana A. , Kamenkovich Igor , Sloyan Bernadette M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAverage formation rates for Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) and Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) in the South Pacific are calculated from the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate System Model version 4 (NCAR‐CCSM4), using chlorofluorocarbon inventories (CFC‐12). When compared to observations, CCSM4 accurately simulates the southeast Pacific as the main formation region for SAMW and AAIW. Formation rates for SAMW in CCSM4 are 3.4 sverdrup (Sv), about half of the observational rate, due in part to shallow mixed layers, a thinner SAMW layer, and insufficient meridional transport. A formation rate of 8.1 Sv for AAIW in CCSM4 is higher than observations due to higher inventories in the southwest and central Pacific and surface concentrations within CCSM4. Also, a lack of data in the southwest Pacific may bias the observational rate low. This model‐observation comparison is useful for understanding the uptake and transport of other gases, e.g., CO2 by the model.
Preparation and Characterization of Antibacterial Dental Resin with UDMQA‐12
Authors: Huang Qiting , Lin Zhengmei , Liang Xiaoxu , Liu Fang , He Jingwei 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTIn this study, urethane methacrylate quaternary ammonium compound (UDMQA‐12) was used to partially replace 2,2‐bis[4‐(2‐hydroxy‐3‐methacryloyloxypropyl)‐phenyl]propane (Bis‐GMA) as the base compound of dental resin system. Double bond conversion, polymerization shrinkage, flexural strength (FS) and flexural modulus (FM), water sorption (WS) and water solubility (WSL), and antibacterial activity of all experimental resins were investigated. Bis‐GMA/triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate resin without UDMQA‐12 was used as a control group. Results showed that UDMQA‐12 had no negative influence on the double bond conversion of the resin, but polymerization shrinkage, FS, and FM decreased with the increasing of UDMQA‐12 concentration, whereas WS and WSL increased with it. UDMQA‐12–containing polymer showed antibacterial activity when concentration of UDMQA‐12 was 30% or more. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2014, 33, 21395; View this article online atwileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21395
Investigation of the Influence of Nanoclay on the Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Behaviors of Polyurethane/Ginger Spent Hybrid Composites
Authors: Chethana M. , Ramaraj B. , Siddaramaiah B. S. Madhukar 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTWith an objective to investigate the influence of nanoclay (NC) on the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of polyurethane (PU) in the presence of 5 wt% of ginger spent (GS), PU/GS/NC nanocomposite films were fabricated by a solution intercalation method with varying amounts, namely 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 wt%, of NC. The fabricated PU/GS/NC nanocomposite films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties such as the tensile strength, tensile modulus, percentage elongation at break, and surface hardness have been performed for nanocomposites. FT‐IR and XRD analysis show the nature of the NC interaction with the PU matrix, whereas SEM images show agglomeration of NC and entanglement of polymer chains with NC with an increase in the NC content. It was found that the tensile strength of the biocomposites increased from 4.5 to 13.7 MPa, tensile modulus increased from 8.2 to 14.3 MPa, and surface hardness increased from 70 to 77 shore A, whereas the percentage elongation at break decreased from 155.2% to 100.5%. Static water contact angle measurements on the surface of the PU/GS/NC nanocomposites reveal a reduction in surface polarity by way of changes in the contact angle from 76.83° to 55.24°, whereas surface energy increased from 88.36 to 102.11 mJ/m2 with an increase in the NC content. With an increase in the NC content, the chemical resistance of the green composites in different chemical environments improved. Thermal analysis by a thermogravimetric analyzer indicates improvement in thermal stability with an increase in the NC content. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2014, 33, 21404; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21404
Eucalyptus Essential Oil‐Doped Alginate Fibers as a Potent Antibacterial Wound Dressing
Authors: Khajavi Ramin , Abbasipour Mina , Barzi Mehdi Ghafari , Rashidi Abosaeed , Rahimi Mohammad Karim , Mirzababa Hamed Haji 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTEucalyptus essential oil (EEO) mainly consists of a natural organic compound named eucalyptol (1,8 cineole). It is a potential anti‐inflammatory, antiseptic, and antibacterial substance owing to its germicidal properties. Wound Dressing based on alginate fibers are also well known for caring of moderate‐ to highly exuding chronic and acute wounds. So, it was intended to load alginate with cineole to obtain a natural antibacterial fiber. EEO was loaded to a spinning dope of alginate. EEO‐doped alginate fibers were fabricated by wet spinning method, and then as‐spun fibers were consolidated in coagulation baths containing divalent cations. The cineol content of EEO, as its most active antibacterial agent, was measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Fibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and their tensile mechanical properties were determined by a Shirley's strength tester. Antibacterial efficiency of samples was studied by measuring their zone of inhibition against a gram‐positive organism (Staphylococcus aureus) in accordance with American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATTC) test method 147. The cross section of EEO‐loaded alginate fibers was rounder and their tensile mechanical properties didn't decline significantly in comparison with unloaded alginate fibers. The presence of antibacterial activity observed for loaded samples and improved by increasing the EEO content of fibers. To consider the produced antibacterial activity and intrinsic properties of alginate, EEO‐loaded alginate fibers are proposed for occlusive or semiocclusive Wound Dressing. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2014, 33, 21408; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21408
Residency and career satisfaction among Anglo‐American model emergency medicine residents in Japan
Authors: Hagiwara Yusuke , Hasegawa Kohei , Chiba Takuyo , Watase Hiroko 
Published: December 2013

AimThe number of institutions providing Anglo‐American model emergency medicine has increased with the rise in its social demand in Japan. The ER Committee of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine has introduced a residency model for use in Japanese hospitals that have adopted the Anglo‐American emergency medicine model. Despite the critical importance of its quality, no studies have examined Japanese emergency medicine residents' level of satisfaction with their training. This study investigated their residency and career satisfaction, and factors associated with satisfaction.MethodsWe developed a cross‐sectional, anonymous survey. Data were obtained from 67 Anglo‐American model emergency medicine residents in Japan in February 2010. Data were analyzed with factor analysis and multivariable analysis with a logistic regression model.ResultsResponse rate was 100% (n = 67). Overall, 50.7% and 67.2% of residents reported high residency and career satisfaction, respectively. Factor analysis derived four factors: working conditions; stress reduction; training systems; education. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the training system factor was significantly associated with high residency satisfaction (odds ratio [OR], 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–8.4) and the stress reduction factor was significantly associated with high career satisfaction (OR, 3.0; 95%CI, 1.2–8.4). A total of 28.8% reported intentions to switch specialties. The intention was not significantly associated with low residency satisfaction (OR, 1.7; 95%CI, 0.6–5.0), but was associated with low career satisfaction (OR, 5.1; 95%CI, 1.6–16.0).ConclusionImprovements in training systems and stress reduction may increase residency and career satisfaction of emergency medicine residents, respectively. This study suggested that high career satisfaction was required to secure future emergency physicians.
Regulated small rivers as ‘nursery’ areas for invasive largemouth bassMicropterus salmoidesin Iberian waters
Authors: Almeida David , Grossman Gary D. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTFew studies have assessed the ecological role of regulated small rivers in the environmental biology of invasive largemouth bassMicropterus salmoidesin Iberian waters.Size structure, diet, physical condition, and developmental stress of largemouth bass populations were compared between two contrasting habitats in the Iberian Peninsula, the Encinarejo Reservoir and the small River Jándula below the dam (Guadalquivir River Basin, southern Spain).Size structure differed between river and reservoir populations of small (<180 mm FL) largemouth bass, with a higher proportion of individuals between 30 and 60 mm in the river and a higher proportion of 20–40 mm individuals in the reservoir. In the river, the most important prey for small largemouth bass were Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Odonata nymphs. In the reservoir, Gerridae insects and pumpkinseedLepomis gibbosuswere the most important prey in terms of ingested biomass for small largemouth bass, whereas large individuals consumed high percentages of common carpCyprinus carpioand pumpkinseed. Prey richness, trophic niche breadth, and trophic diversity were significantly higher in small largemouth bass from the river, as well as eviscerated mass and glucose level. Fluctuating asymmetry was lower in the river for branched rays of pectoral fins, eye diameter, and length of pectoral fins.Overall results indicate that largemouth bass are taking advantage of both habitat differentiation and flow regulation in Mediterranean streams. Therefore, regulated small rivers may play an ecological role as ‘nursery’ areas, where developmental stress is low and thus, juvenile fish can display better body condition and nutritional status than their reservoir counterparts.The present study provides information relevant to the management of largemouth bass and subsequent conservation of the valuable and endemic Iberian fish fauna. For example, size‐specific culls in the reservoirs and below the dams are suggested strategies to control the reinforcement of downstream populations.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the Size Evolution of Monolayer‐Protected Gold Clusters during Ligand Place‐Exchange Reactions: The Effect of Solvents
Authors: Kuo Chun‐Ting , Chen Chiu‐Feng , Gu Meng‐Wen , Su Man‐Nung , Huang Jhih‐Fong , Huang Min‐Jie , Chen Chun‐hsien 
Published: December 2013

AbstractLigand place‐exchange (LPE) reactions are extensively applied for the post‐functionalization of monolayer‐protected gold clusters (MPCs) by using excessive incoming ligands to displace initial ones. However, the modified MPCs are often enlarged or degraded; this results in ill‐defined size‐dependent properties. The growth of MPCs essentially involves an unprotected surface that is subsequently has gold atoms added or is fused with other gold cores owing to collision. Reported herein is a guideline for the selection of solvents to suppress unwanted MPC growth. Favorable solvents are those with significant affinity to gold or with low solubility for desorbed ligands because these properties retard LPE reactions and minimize the time available for unprotected gold cores. This finding provides a general and convenient approach to regulate the size of functionalized MPCs.
Development and validation of an LC‐MS/MS method for simultaneous quantitative analysis of free and conjugated bisphenol A in human urine
Authors: Battal Dilek , Cok Ismet , Unlusayin Irfan , Tunctan Bahar 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTBisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine‐disrupting chemicals that is widely used in common consumer products. There is an increasing concern regarding human exposure to BPA owing to the potential adverse effects associated with its estrogenic activity. For assessing environmental exposure to BPA, it is essential to have a sensitive, accurate and selective analytical method, especially one that can detect low BPA levels in complex sample matrices. In this study, we developed and validated an accurate, sensitive, and robust liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of free BPA and BPA β‐d‐glucuronide (BPA‐gluc) concentrations in human urine with only a single injection. Calibration curves were linear over a concentration range of 1–100 ng/mL for BPA and 10–1000 ng/mL for BPA‐gluc. The levels of the analytes were determined quantitatively with HPLC/ESI‐MS/MS by using negative electrospray ionization in the select ion monitoring mode and a pentaflouraphenyl propyl column. The validated method was applied to the analysis of spot urine specimens collected from randomly selected healthy human subjects. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Superoleophobic Meshes with Relatively Low Hysteresis and Sliding Angles by Electropolymerization: Importance of Polymer‐Growth Control
Authors: Darmanin Thierry , Tarrade Jeanne , Celia Elena , Bellanger Herve , Guittard Frederic 
Published: December 2013

AbstractInvited for this month’s cover is the group of Prof. Frederic Guittard from Université Nice Sophia–Antipolis. The cover picture shows a superoleophobic stainless‐steel mesh obtained by electrodeposition of fluorinated conducting polymers. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201300315