bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of retained node numbers on berry maturity and yield components of cane-pruned Sauvignon blanc
Authors: Epee Paul T. M. , Schelezki Olaf , Trought Michael C. T. , Werner Armin , Hofmann Rainer W. , Almond Peter , Charters Stuart , Parker Amber 
Published: July 2024

Cane pruning is used in most New Zealand Sauvignon blanc vineyards to manage yield, vine balance (relationship between vegetative growth and fruit growth) and fruit primary and secondary metabolites. The source–sink ratio (TLA/FM—total leaf area to fruit mass or ELA/FM—exposed leaf area to fruit mass), the fruit mass to pruning mass (FM/PM), the fruit mass to cane mass (FM/CM) and fruit composition provide an assessment of the vine performance and balance. The interpretation of these metrics (i.e., TLA/FM, ELA/FM, FM/PM, FM/CM) requires their comparison with known optimal ranges specific to cultivars, locations and growing conditions. More often, such context- and cultivar-specific optimal ranges do not exist, thus warranting research to investigate them. To understand the influence of retained node numbers on the vegetative and fruit development of Sauvignon blanc, grapevines were pruned across three vineyard sites (two in Marlborough—Site 1 and 2, and one in Waipara—Site 3) over two growing seasons, retaining 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 nodes on one to four canes (each cane carrying ten nodes, with 50-node vines carrying on average 12.5 nodes on each of the four canes). The accumulation of soluble solids (TSS) generally increased at lower node numbers and vine yields, reflecting an increase in ELA/FM, with 50-node vines having the least TSS concentration at harvest. The average berry mass, titrable acidity (TA) and pH were unaffected by node numbers over the two seasons. A low source–sink ratio induced by high node numbers not only reduced the vine capacity to ripen the current crop but also reduced the following season’s bunch number per shoot (from 1.8 to 1.6 bunches per shoot; p < 0.05), average bunch mass (from 82.0 ± 6 g to 67.7 ± 3 g; p < 0.01) and bunch mass per shoot (from 153.5 ± 15 g to 106.7 ± 9 g; p < 0.05). When compared to 50-node vines, 10-node vines had a two-fold increase in the average cane mass (from 30.1 ± 3.9 g to 69.2 ± 8.7 g; p < 0.001) and average old cane mass (from 82.4 ± 6.9 g to 163.8 ± 21 g; p < 0.001). The ELA/FM and TLA/FM required for optimal TSS accumulation were 0.75 m2 kg-1 and 2.0 m2 kg-1, respectively, across all sites. A source–sink ratio above these values resulted in high average cane mass and average old cane mass (an indication of excess vigour), while lower values indicated reduced vigour and slowed TSS accumulation. This research provides useful optimal ranges to compare and interpret vine balance metrics measured at those sites.
Effectiveness of Activated Carbon from Jackfruit Skin for The Heavy Metal Lead (Pb) Adsorption Using The Langmuir and Freundlich Equations
Authors: Arke Nadya Ramadhani , Sari Dewa Ayu Made Dearwita , Dewati Retno 
Published: July 2024

<p><span lang="EN-US"><strong>ABSTRACT. </strong>Activated carbon is a commonly used medium for adsorption to combat environmental pollution in both water and air. It is produced from plant or plantation waste containing carbon. Jackfruit skin, often considered as plantation waste, contains lignocellulosic compounds and has the potential to be used as active carbon. Activated carbon from jackfruit skin has a good absorption capacity and can absorb heavy metal waste such as lead (Pb). A recent study aimed to evaluate the absorption effectiveness of active carbon from jackfruit skin. The process involved making activated carbon using the pyrolysis method, and then analyzing its lead absorption capacity in lead nitrate solution by varying the weight of the activated carbon (10g, 15g, 20g, 25g, 30g) and the adsorption time in minutes (40, 60, 80, 100, 120). The levels of absorbed lead on activated carbon were tested using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) at a wavelength of 283.3 nm. The research findings indicate that the </span><span lang="EN">effectiveness of activated carbon absorption reaches 99%</span><span lang="EN-US">, and the appropriate equation model for the adsorption process is the Freundlich isotherm, indicating a multilayer adsorption process.</span></p><p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Keywords:</span></strong></p><p><span lang="EN-US">Adsorption Isotherm, Activated Carbon Jackfruit Skin, Lead (Pb)</span></p>
Methods of recovery of centrifugal water pump resources
Authors: Yuldashev Sh. U. , Sharypov Z. Sh. 
Published: July 2024

In the article presents the results of researches of the device of centrifugal pumps of type «D», operating conditions of pumps, processes of deterioration of details, factors infiuencing occurrence of defects in details, moderning of technology of restoration of a resource of detalis of water pumps. A combined method for restoring the resource of the casing is proposed, taking into account the resurts of researches of wear of the working surface and working conditice hudro abrasive, cavitations,hudrogen and other types of wear. Recommendations are qiven to the choice of processing and taking into account the infiuence of technological and operational factors on the adhesive strength of the joint of the massing. Figs.: 17. Tabl. 3. Refs.: 10 titles.
A neural network for recognizing and classifying images at the boundaries of several classes
Authors: Dmitrienko Valerii , Leonov Sergey , Mezentsev Mykola 
Published: July 2024

The neural network belongs to the computer systems of computing technology and artificial intelligence in the field of building automated systems for recognizing and classifying images at the border of several classes, which is made with the ability to perform diagnostics and image recognition at the borders of two, three or more classes due to the fact that the layer schemes for selection of one, two or more single signals from the outputs of the layer of output neurons , , ¼, , ¼, . at each moment of time remembers the number of non-zero signals at the output of neurons of the output layer, and the second layer of output neurons , , ¼, , ¼, remembers neurons of the output layer that have non-zero signals at their outputs. The technical result achieved by this neural network is an increase in the number of classes that can be recognized and the ability to recognize images that are at the same Hamming distance from two, three or more reference images stored in the connection weights of the neurons of the memory layer. haunting An experimental evaluation of the method and neural network for solving the problems of matching digital images was carried out. The neural network is implemented as a software utility Il.: 2; Bibliogr.: 15 titles.
Genome-wide meta-analyses of cross substance use disorders in European, African, and Latino ancestry populations
Authors: Lai Dongbing , Zhang Michael , Green Nick , Abreu Marco , Schwantes-An Tae-Hwi , Parker Clarissa , Zhang Shanshan , Jin Fulai , Sun Anna , Zhang Pengyue , Edenberg Howard , Liu Yunlong , Foroud Tatiana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Genetic risks for substance use disorders (SUDs) are due to both SUD-specific and SUD-shared genes. We performed the largest multivariate analyses to date to search for SUD-shared genes using samples of European (EA), African (AA), and Latino (LA) ancestries. By focusing on variants having cross-SUD and cross-ancestry concordant effects, we identified 45 loci. Through gene-based analyses, gene mapping, and gene prioritization, we identified 250 SUD-shared genes. These genes are highly expressed in amygdala, cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and thalamus, primarily in neuronal cells. Cross-SUD concordant variants explained ~ 50% of the heritability of each SUD in EA. The top 5% individuals having the highest polygenic scores were approximately twice as likely to have SUDs as others in EA and LA. Polygenic scores had higher predictability in females than in males in EA. Using real-world data, we identified five drugs targeting identified SUD-shared genes that may be repurposed to treat SUDs.
Study protocol for a stepped-wedge implementation study investigating the intersectoral collaboration of implementering the TREAT INTERACT intervention for primary school teachers and the mhGAP for health care workers for child mental health promotion in Uganda
Authors: Skar Ane-Marthe Solheim , Engebretsen Ingunn Marie S. , Braathu Nora , Aber Harriet , Bækkelund Harald , Kühl Melf-Jakob , Mukisa Majorie , Nalugya Joyce Sserunjogi , Skokauskas Norbert , Skylstad Vilde , Wentzel-Larsen Tore , Babirye Juliet Ndimwibo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Mental and neuropsychological disorders make up approximately 14% of the total health burden globally, with 80% of the affected living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) of whom 90% cannot access mental health services. The main objective of the TREAT INTERACT study is to adapt, implement, and evaluate the impact of a novel, intersectoral approach to prevent, identify, refer, and treat mental health problems in children through a user centered task-sharing implementation of the TREAT INTERACT intervention, inspired by the World Health Organization (WHO) Mental Health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide (mhGAP-IG) for primary school staff in Mbale, Uganda.
Methods
This is a pragmatic mixed-methods hybrid Type II implementation-effectiveness study utilizing a co-design approach. The main study utilize a stepped-wedged trial design with six starting sequences, randomizing three schools to the intervention at each interval, while the remaining act as “controls”. Other designs include a nested prospective cohort study, case control studies, cross-sectional studies, and qualitative research. Main participants’ outcomes include teachers´ mental health literacy, stigma and violence towards the school children. Implementation outcomes include detection, reach, sustainability and service delivery. Child and caregiver outcomes include mental health, mental health literacy, and help-seeking behavior.
Discussion
Based on the results, we will develop sustainable and scalable implementation advice and draft implementation guidelines in line with current WHO guidelines. This project will generate new knowledge on the structure, organisation, delivery, and costs of mental health services in a LMIC setting, as well as new knowledge on the implementation and delivery of new health services.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials, NCT06275672, 28.12.2023, retrospectively registered.
Cholesterol-lowering effects of oats induced by microbially produced phenolic metabolites
Authors: Simon Marie-Christine , Klümpen Linda , Mantri Aakash , Philipps Maren , Seel Waldemar , Stoffel-Wagner Birgit , Coenen Martin , Weinhold Leonie , Hasenauer Jan , Stehle Peter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Oats have various positive effects on human health, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. To determine the oat-microbiome-host interactions that contribute to metabolic improvements, we conducted a randomized, short-term dietary intervention with high-dose oat intake in individuals with metabolic syndrome (DRKS00022169). Thirty-two participants completed the trial. We find that the two-day oat diet improves lipid metabolism by lowering serum total cholesterol by 8 % and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 10 %, accompanied by distinct changes in plasma and fecal metabolomic profiles and gut microbiota. These induced alterations, particularly an increase in microbially produced phenolic compounds, correlate inversely with changes in cholesterol levels, suggesting that plasma phenolic compounds are driving factors for the cholesterol-lowering effect of oats, besides the known mechanisms of β-glucan. This newly identified mechanism might be of great potential since a short-term, high-dose oat diet is a suitable and rapid approach to alleviate obesity-related lipid disorders.
Glaucoma Rehabilitation using ElectricAI Transcranial Stimulation (GREAT) – Study Protocol for Randomized Controlled Trial using Combined Perceptual Learning and Transcranial Electrical Stimulation for Vision Enhancement
Authors: Jia Shuwen , Mei Xiaolin , Chen Lilin , Chan Lok Hin , Tsang Celia , Suen Venus , Li Tingni , Zaw Myo Win , Liu Amanda , Thompson Ben , Sabel Bernhard , Woo George , Leung Christopher K.S. , Yip Shea-ping , Chang Dorita H. F. , Cheong Allen M.Y. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
Glaucoma patients with irreversible visual field loss often experience decreased quality of life, impaired mobility, and mental health challenges. Perceptual learning (PL) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) have emerged as promising interventions for vision rehabilitation, showing potential in restoring residual visual functions. The Glaucoma Rehabilitation using ElectricAI Transcranial stimulation (GREAT) project aims to investigate whether combining PL and tES is more effective than using either method alone in maximizing the visual function of glaucoma patients. Additionally, the study will assess the impact of these interventions on brain neural activity, blood biomarkers, mobility, mental health, quality of life, and fear of falling.
Methods:
The study employs a three-arm, double-blind, randomized, superiority-controlled design. Participants are randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to one of three groups receiving: (1) real PL and real tES (2) real PL and sham tES, and (3) placebo PL and sham tES. Each participant undergoes 10 sessions per block (~ 1 hour each), with a total of three blocks. Assessments are conducted at six time points: baseline, interim 1, interim 2, post-intervention, 1-month post-intervention, and 2-month post-intervention. The primary outcome is the mean deviation of the 24 − 2 visual field measured by the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer. Secondary outcomes include detection rate in the suprathreshold visual field, balance and gait functions, and electrophysiological and biological responses. This study also investigates changes in neurotransmitter metabolism, biomarkers, self-perceived quality of life, and psychological status before and after the intervention.
Discussion:
The GREAT project is the first study to assess the effectiveness of PL and tES in the rehabilitation of glaucoma. Our findings will offer comprehensive assessments of the impact of these treatments on a wide range of brain and vision-related metrics including visual field, neural activity, biomarkers, mobility, mental health, fear of falling and quality of life.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05874258. Registered on 15th May 2023
URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05874258?cond=NCT05874258&rank=1
The feasibility and safety of ultrasound-guided puncture for treatment of septic arthritis in children
Authors: Michaud Jeffrey , Dutron Sarah , Pico Julien , Jeandel Clément , Joly-Monrigal Pauline , Neagoe Petre , Alkar Fanny , Sarradin Thomas , Domitien Léa , Prodhomme Olivier , Jeziorski Eric , DELPONT Marion 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background We wanted to know whether treating septic arthritis in children was feasible and safe under ultrasound (US) guidance.
Methods We retrospectively included 67 children (mean age, 3.0 years; range: 1 month–12 years) treated for septic arthritis of the hip, shoulder, or ankle using arthrocentesis or arthrotomy under US or fluoroscopic guidance (non-US group) with at least two years of follow-up.
Results We found no significant difference between the groups. Three puncture failures required arthrotomy (two under US guidance). Three patients required early revision surgery: one had undergone arthrocentesis with US, one arthrocentesis without US, and one arthrotomy without US. At the last follow-up, there were no clinical sequelae but two hip arthrotomies (one US and one non-US child) showed asymptomatic calcifications.
Conclusions US guidance is feasible and safe for treating septic arthritis in children, visualizing structures not shown by X-rays and avoiding radiation exposure during surgery.
Trial registration IRB-MTP_2021_05_202100781
Level of evidence: IV (case series)
Change in the concentration of pollutants in the air over the city of Lucknow, together with HYSPLIT4.0's trajectory and dispersion analysis
Authors: Kumar Vipin , Patel Prabhat Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study examines the mean daily concentrations of oxides of carbon (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and respirable suspended particles (RSPM-PM10) at seven monitoring stations in Lucknow city: Hazratganj, Gomti Nagar, Talkatora, Aliganj, Sarai Mali Khan, Mahanagar, and Ansal TC. The data is collected between 2016 and 2022. Based on the analysis, it can be observed that at all locations, the yearly average concentration of RSPM varies between 148.74 and 323.05 µg m-3, SO2 between 7.11 and 8.94 µg m-3, NO2 between 23.52 and 31.86 µg m-3, and CO between 27.38 and 33.89 µg m-3. The study of seasonal variation reveals that the lowest recorded concentration of RSPM was 81.59 µg m-3 during the monsoon, while the highest recorded concentration was 447.47 µg m-3 during the post-monsoon. On the other hand, seasonal variations in SO2 and NO2 were found to be below the recommended requirements, ranging from 5.55 to 10.94 µg m-3 and 20.23 to 38.40 µg m-3, respectively. The COVID-19 lockout in 2020 caused the pollution level to somewhat decline, but it did not fall below the recommended limit for CO and RSPM. The Indian government has banned factories and implemented various measures within the city, but the levels of CO and PM10 in Lucknow are not decreasing. The Trajectory and Dispersion study of the HYSPLIT4.0 model indicates that the wind, which blows from the northwest, carries pollutants from close by areas to maintain daily pollution levels above the Central Pollution Control Board's guidelines (i.e., 100 µg m-3). This suggests that there is insufficient local pollution control. The results suggest that controlling particulate matter and carbon monoxide pollution in the city is a serious challenge and has an alarming situation as compared to SO2 and NO2 pollutants.
Effect of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on Pelvic Floor Muscle Function and Symptoms of Dysfunction in Women Post Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury (Oasis): Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: de Amorim Amanda Cruz , Lima Talita Vasco de Oliveira , Frate Beatriz Nogueira de Carvalho , Sartori Marair Gracio Ferreira , Group GPAP Study 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Pelvic floor disorders encompass several problems resulting from inadequacies in the pelvic floor muscles (PFM), especially after childbirth. Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury (OASIS) is a complication of vaginal birth that can significantly affect the quality of life of these women. Factors related to the pregnant woman, childbirth, and the newborn can increase the risk of developing OASIS. The primary physical therapy intervention for pelvic floor disorders is PFM training, created by Kegel in 1948.
Methods: This study encompasses a prospective, randomized clinical trial design with parallel groups. Women diagnosed with OASIS are recruited within 60 days of giving birth. The control group receives standard postpartum care, and the intervention group receives standard care plus a PFM training program for 12 weeks. Participants are assessed in three in-person and two online sessions throughout the study. The study is conducted at a single center.
Discussion: This study aims to investigate the effect of PFM training in postpartum women with OASIS on PFM function and pelvic floor disorder symptoms. PFM training is expected to improve PFM function, reduce pelvic floor disorder symptoms, and provide an effective therapeutic option for postpartum women with anal sphincter injuries. This study provides significant results on the effectiveness of PFM training as an intervention for women with OASIS, contributing to improving the quality of life of these patients. This research protocol aims to fill a gap in scientific knowledge regarding the treatment of women with OASIS by providing solid evidence on the effectiveness of PFM training in this specific population. Trial registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC) (registration number: RBR-32z6gw2, registered 4 April 2024). Study protocol version 1.
The potential use of plasma NfL as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of fatigue in early Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Shang Huifang , Che Ning-Ning , Huang Jingxuan , Wang Shichan , Jiang Qirui , Yang Tianmi , Xiao Yi , Lin Junyu , Fu Jiajia , Ou Ruwei , Li Chunyu , Wei Qianqian , Zhao Bi , Chen Xueping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Fatigue is a prevalent non-motor symptom that often appears in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) was elevated in PD patients and may be considered a potential biomarker for both motor and cognitive progression. In this study, we explored the association between plasma NfL levels and various fatigue subtypes and the prediction of baseline plasma NfL levels for fatigue subtype conversion.
Methods Patients with PD were classified into four categories: persistent fatigue, never fatigue, non-persistent fatigue, and new-onset fatigue. They underwent detailed neurological evaluations at baseline and a two-year follow-up. Plasma NfL, GFAP, p-tau181, Aβ42, and Aβ40 levels in both PD patients and control subjects were measured using an ultrasensitive single molecule array.
Results The study enrolled 174 PD patients and 95 control subjects. Plasma NfL levels were significantly higher in the persistent fatigue group compared to the never fatigue group at the two-year follow-up (P＜0.05). Longitudinally, 45.16% of baseline fatigue patients converted to non-fatigue at two-year follow-up. Additionally, 22.12% of patients initially without-figure patients converted to fatigue patients at two-year follow-up. Baseline plasma NfL levels were significantly higher in both the persistent fatigue and new-onset fatigue groups compared to the never fatigue group (P＜0.05). Higher baseline plasma NfL levels were significantly associated with the conversion to the non-fatigue subtype (OR=1.127, P=0.034) after adjusting for confounders.
Conclusion Baseline plasma NfL levels may serve as a biomarker for predicting fatigue subtype conversion and the progression of fatigue in PD.