bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of cortical and trabecular bone changes in two models of post‐traumatic osteoarthritis
Authors: Pauly Hannah M. , Larson Blair E. , Coatney Garrett A. , Button Keith D. , DeCamp Charlie E. , Fajardo Ryan S. , Haut Roger C. , Haut Donahue Tammy L. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTSubchondral bone is thought to play a significant role in the initiation and progression of the post‐traumatic osteoarthritis. The goal of this study was to document changes in tibial and femoral subchondral bone that occur as a result of two lapine models of anterior cruciate ligament injury, a modified ACL transection model and a closed‐joint traumatic compressive impact model. Twelve weeks post‐injury bones were scanned via micro‐computed tomography. The subchondral bone of injured limbs from both models showed decreases in bone volume and bone mineral density. Surgical transection animals showed significant bone changes primarily in the medial hemijoint of femurs and tibias, while significant changes were noted in both the medial and lateral hemijoints of both bones for traumatic impact animals. It is believed that subchondral bone changes in the medial hemijoint were likely caused by compromised soft tissue structures seen in both models. Subchondral bone changes in the lateral hemijoint of traumatic impact animals are thought to be due to transmission of the compressive impact force through the joint. The joint‐wide bone changes shown in the traumatic impact model were similar to clinical findings from studies investigating the progression of osteoarthritis in humans. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1835–1845, 2015.
Efficacy of hyaluronic acid or steroid injections for the treatment of a rat model of rotator cuff injury
Authors: Yamaguchi Takeshi , Ochiai Nobuyasu , Sasaki Yu , Kijima Takehiro , Hashimoto Eiko , Sasaki Yasuhito , Kenmoku Tomonori , Yamazaki Hironori , Miyagi Masayuki , Ohtori Seiji , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThis study evaluated dorsal root ganglia from C3–C7, analyzed gait, and compared the expression of calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) which was a marker of inflammatory pain in a rat rotator cuff tear model in which the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons were detached; comparisons were made to a sham group in which only the tendons were exposed. Fluorogold was injected into the glenohumeral joint 21 days after surgery in both groups, and saline, steroids, or hyaluronic acid was injected into the glenohumeral joint in the rotator cuff tear group 26 days after surgery. The proportions of CGRP‐immunoreactive neurons were higher and the gait parameters were impaired in the rotator cuff tear group compared to in the sham group. However, the CGRP expression was reduced and the gait was improved with steroid or hyaluronic acid injection compared to saline, suggesting that both hyaluronic acid and steroid injections suppressed of inflammation which thought to be provided pain relief. While there were no significant differences, the suppression of CGRP expression and the improved gait after hyaluronic acid and steroid injections suggested that both methods were effective for rat rotator cuff tear model. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1861–1867, 2015.
Identifying evidence for public health guidance: a comparison of citation searching with Web of Science and Google Scholar
Authors: Levay Paul , Ainsworth Nicola , Kettle Rachel , Morgan Antony 
Published: July 2015

AimTo examine how effectively forwards citation searching with Web of Science (WOS) or Google Scholar (GS) identified evidence to support public health guidance published by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.MethodForwards citation searching was performed using GS on a base set of 46 publications and replicated using WOS.OutcomesWOS and GS were compared in terms of recall; precision; number needed to read (NNR); administrative time and costs; and screening time and costs. Outcomes for all publications were compared with those for a subset of highly important publications.ResultsThe searches identified 43 relevant publications. The WOS process had 86.05% recall and 1.58% precision. The GS process had 90.7% recall and 1.62% precision. The NNR to identify one relevant publication was 63.3 with WOS and 61.72 with GS. There were nine highly important publications. WOS had 100% recall, 0.38% precision and NNR of 260.22. GS had 88.89% recall, 0.33% precision and NNR of 300.88. Administering the WOS results took 4 h and cost £88–£136, compared with 75 h and £1650–£2550 with GS.ConclusionWOS is recommended over GS, as citation searching was more effective, while the administrative and screening times and costs were lower. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of aircraft and recreation on colonial waterbird nesting behavior
Authors: Hillman Matthew D. , Karpanty Sarah M. , Fraser James D. , Derose‐Wilson Audrey 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTBecause of the variability in the types of human activities to which animals are exposed and the associated responses by different species, there is a lack of consensus on the effects of humans on wildlife behavior. We studied the effects of military air traffic, all‐terrain vehicles, off‐road vehicles, and pedestrians on the nesting behaviors of least terns (Sternula antillarum), common terns (Sterna hirundo), gull‐billed terns (Gelochelidon nilotica), and black skimmers (Rynchops niger) at North Core Banks, Cape Lookout National Seashore (CALO), North Carolina. We deployed digital audio recorders and time‐lapse cameras within 9 colonies from May to August 2010–2011 and sampled nesting behaviors before, during, and after human activities. There was no evidence that military or civilian aircraft adversely affected incubation behavior for any of the focal species. The mean incubation rate by least terns was less during pedestrian events than control periods (91% vs. 79%, S = −2.2, P = 0.04). The current patterns of aircraft operations are unlikely to affect colonial waterbird demographics. Current beach management policies restricting human activity to >50 m from colony boundaries mitigated adverse impacts to nesting colonial waterbirds. © 2015 The Wildlife Society.
Analysis of space mapping algorithms for application to partitioned fluid–structure interaction problems
Authors: Florentie Liesbeth , Blom David S. , Scholcz Thomas P. , van Zuijlen Alexander H. , Bijl Hester 
Published: July 2015

SummaryFluid–structure interactions (FSI) play a crucial role in many engineering fields. However, the computational cost associated with high‐fidelity aeroelastic models currently precludes their direct use in industry, especially for strong interactions. The strongly coupled segregated problem—that results from domain partitioning—can be interpreted as an optimization problem of a fluid–structure interface residual. Multi‐fidelity optimization techniques can therefore directly be applied to this problem in order to obtain the solution efficiently. In previous work, it is already shown that aggressive space mapping (ASM) can be used in this context. In this contribution, we extend the research towards the use of space mapping for FSI simulations. We investigate the performance of two other approaches, generalized space mapping and output space mapping, by application to both compressible and incompressible 2D problems. Moreover, an analysis of the influence of the applied low‐fidelity model on the achievable speedup is presented. The results indicate that output space mapping is a viable alternative to ASM when applied in the context of solver coupling for partitioned FSI, showing similar performance as ASM and resulting in reductions in computational cost up to 50% with respect to the reference quasi‐Newton method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sclerosing Bone Dysplasia from 16th Century Sardinia (Italy): A Possible Case of Camurati–Engelmann Disease
Authors: Giuffra V. , Montella A. , Bianucci R. , Milanese M. , Tognotti E. , Caramella D. , Fornaciari G. , Bandiera P. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe skeletal remains of a male aged 45–55 years displaying several bone anomalies were unearthed from the Alghero (Sardinia) plague cemetery ‘lo Quarter’, a burial site dating back to the 1582–1583 AD outbreak. The skeleton, whose stature is about 165 cm, presents a bilateral hyperostosis with increased diameter of the diaphyses of all the long bones of the upper and lower limbs; the metaphyses appear to be involved, while the epiphyses are spared. Marked thickening of the cranial vault is also evident. Radiological study showed irregular cortical thickening and massive endoperiosteal bone apposition; sclerotic changes are observed in the diaphysis of some metacarpals. Computed tomography (CT) cross sections of the long bones displayed a thickening of the cortical portion and endoperiosteal bone apposition.The individual was affected by a sclerosing bone dysplasia, a genetic disease characterized by increased bone density. In differential diagnosis, several sclerosing bone dysplasia, such as hyperostosis corticalis generalisata, craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, craniometadiaphyseal dysplasia, pachydermoperiostosis and Camurati–Engelmann disease, as well as other disorders characterized by sclerosing manifestations, such as Erdheim–Chester disease, mehloreostosis and skeletal fluorosis, need to be considered. The anomalies observed in skeleton 2179 fit with the features of Camurati–Engelmann disease, which is the most likely candidate for final diagnosis. It is highly challenging to evaluate how such a condition may have influenced the individual's lifestyle in terms of development, mobility and quality of life. This individual was probably symptomatic and must have experienced common clinical symptoms, such as pain in the limbs and fatigability. However, the strong development of the muscular insertions and the degenerative changes in the upper limbs suggest that the mobility problems should not have prevented him from reaching a mature age and from performing essential daily activities.The presented case is the unique paleopathological evidence of Camurati–Engelmann disease so far diagnosed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Current transport studies of amorphous n/p junctions and its application in a‐Si:H/HIT‐type tandem cells
Authors: Lee Youngseok , Dao Vinh Ai , Iftiquar S. M. , Kim Sangho , Yi Junsin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis paper presents an understanding of the fundamental carrier transport mechanism in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H)‐based n/p junctions. These n/p junctions are, then, used as tunneling and recombination junctions (TRJ) in tandem solar cells, which were constructed by stacking the a‐Si:H‐based solar cell on the heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer (HIT) cell. First, the effect of activation energy (Ea) and Urbach parameter (Eu) of n‐type hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H(n)) on current transport in an a‐Si:H‐based n/p TRJ has been investigated. The photoluminescence spectra and temperature‐dependent current–voltage characteristics in dark condition indicates that the tunneling is the dominant carrier transport mechanism in our a‐Si:H‐based n/p‐type TRJ. The fabrication of a tandem cell structure consists of an a‐Si:H‐based top cell and an HIT‐type bottom cell with the a‐Si:H‐based n/p junction developed as a TRJ in between. The development of a‐Si:H‐based n/p junction as a TRJ leads to an improved a‐Si:H/HIT‐type tandem cell with a better open circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), and efficiency. The improvements in the cell performance was attributed to the wider band‐tail states in the a‐Si:H(n) layer that helps to an enhanced tunneling and recombination process in the TRJ. The best photovoltage parameters of the tandem cell were found to be Voc = 1430 mV, short circuit current density = 10.51 mA/cm2, FF = 0.65, and efficiency = 9.75%. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On interpretation of protein X‐ray structures: Planarity of the peptide unit
Authors: Chellapa George D. , Rose George D. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTPauling's mastery of peptide stereochemistry—based on small molecule crystal structures and the theory of chemical bonding—led to his realization that the peptide unit is planar and then to the Pauling–Corey–Branson model of the α‐helix. Similarly, contemporary protein structure refinement is based on experimentally determined diffraction data together with stereochemical restraints. However, even an X‐ray structure at ultra‐high resolution is still an under‐determined model in which the linkage among refinement parameters is complex. Consequently, restrictions imposed on any given parameter can affect the entire structure. Here, we examine recent studies of high resolution protein X‐ray structures, where substantial distortions of the peptide plane are found to be commonplace. Planarity is assessed by the ω‐angle, a dihedral angle determined by the peptide bond (CN) and its flanking covalent neighbors; for an ideally planar trans peptide, ω = 180°. By using a freely available refinement package, Phenix [Afonine et al. (2012) Acta Cryst. D, 68:352–367], we demonstrate that tightening default restrictions on the ω‐angle can significantly reduce apparent deviations from peptide unit planarity without consequent reduction in reported evaluation metrics (e.g., R‐factors). To be clear, our result does not show that substantial non‐planarity is absent, only that an equivalent alternative model is possible. Resolving this disparity will ultimately require improved understanding of the deformation energy. Meanwhile, we urge inclusion of ω‐angle statistics in new structure reports in order to focus critical attention on the usual practice of assigning default values to ω‐angle constraints during structure refinement. Proteins 2015; 83:1687–1692. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Flap flexibility amongst plasmepsins I, II, III, IV, and V: Sequence, structural, and molecular dynamics analyses
Authors: McGillewie Lara , Soliman Mahmoud E. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTHerein, for the first time, we comparatively report the opening and closing of apo plasmepsin I – V. Plasmepsins belong the aspartic protease family of enzymes, and are expressed during the various stages of the P. falciparum lifecycle, the species responsible for the most lethal and virulent malaria to infect humans. Plasmepsin I, II, IV and HAP degrade hemoglobin from infected red blood cells, whereas plasmepsin V transport proteins crucial to the survival of the malaria parasite across the endoplasmic reticulum. Flap‐structures covering the active site of aspartic proteases (such as HIV protease) are crucial to the conformational flexibility and dynamics of the protein, and ultimately control the binding landscape. The flap‐structure in plasmepsins is made up of a flip tip in the N‐terminal lying perpendicular to the active site, adjacent to the flexible loop region in the C‐terminal. Using molecular dynamics, we propose three parameters to better describe the opening and closing of the flap‐structure in apo plasmepsins. Namely, the distance, d1, between the flap tip and the flexible region; the dihedral angle, ϕ, to account for the twisting motion; and the TriCα angle, θ1. Simulations have shown that as the flap‐structure twists, the flap and flexible region move apart opening the active site, or move toward each other closing the active site. The data from our study indicate that of all the plasmepsins investigated in the present study, Plm IV and V display the highest conformational flexibility and are more dynamic structures versus Plm I, II, and HAP. Proteins 2015; 83:1693–1705. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of Surface Free Energy of Film Laminated Steel Sheets on Content Release Properties
Authors: Yamanaka Yoichiro , Kitagawa Junichi , Nakamaru Hiroki 
Published: July 2015

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheets that are now widely used in beverage cans have excellent properties of formability, corrosion resistance and adhesion to steel sheets. To expand their application, we have sought to develop a new PET film laminated steel sheet for use in food cans. Content release properties are necessary for easy removal of the can contents in food can applications. However, PET film laminated steel sheets have poor content release properties. Investigations of these properties have revealed dependence on the strength of adhesion between the films and can contents. The surface free energy of PET films has been inferred to be the main factor in poor content release properties. Therefore, using films with widely diverse surface free energy values, we studied the effects of surface free energy on the content release properties of materials in contact with cans. The results showed that these properties are closely related to the surface free energy of the film material, and that materials with surface free energy of less than 23 mN/m or greater than 44 mN/m show excellent properties for processed meat products with high protein content.The material with PET film coated with mixture of polyester resin and fatty acid is the most promising material for use in food cans in this study.The work has also shown that content release properties can be expressed as a function of adhesion in water between a material and protein. Reducing adhesion can significantly improve content release properties.
Karl Marguerre – Die Schultern, auf denen wir stehen
Authors: Knothe Klaus 
Published: July 2015

AbstractKarl Marguerre1 ist heute nur noch wenigen Wissenschaftlern wirklich bekannt, obwohl er sich während seiner Hochschullehrertätigkeit in Darmstadt mit großem Engagement um den wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs bemühte und von vielen Studenten gehört wurde. Zu seinen Schülern zählen u. a. Ernst Giencke [1], Walter Schnell (von dem auch die Darstellung in der Neuen Deutschen Biographie [2] stammt), Horst Wölfel (der sich um den Kinetik‐Band der Technischen Mechanik bemüht hat), Hans‐Theo Woernle (Mitverfasser der Elastischen Platten) und Klaus Knothe. Großen Einfluss hatte Karl Marguerre etwa auch auf Robert Gasch (einem Schüler von Klaus Federn) oder Erwin Stein (vom Institut für Baumechanik und Numerische Mechanik der Leibniz Universität Hannover).Karl Marguerre – The shoulders which we are standing on. Only to few scientists in Germany Karl Marguerre today is really known, though during his time as professor at TH Darmstadt he endeavored for the young generation and many students visited his lectures. Among his pubils were Ernst Giencke, Walter Schnell, Horst Wölfel, Hans‐Theo Wörnle and Klaus Knothe. He also strongly influenced Robert Gasch (a pupil of Klaus Federn) and Erwin Stein who later on was professor at the Leibniz University at Hannover.
Predicting support for recolonization of mountain lions (Puma concolor) in the Adirondack park
Authors: Mcgovern Elizabeth B. , Kretser Heidi E. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTCarnivore range expansion creates opportunities for human–wildlife conflicts. Wildlife attitudes and values, factual knowledge, and risk perception have all been proposed as variables to measure or predict social acceptability of wildlife management. We examined the social acceptability of natural recolonization of mountain lions (Puma concolor; an extirpated carnivore) in the Adirondack Park, New York, USA. We administered questionnaires in person to 315 Adirondack residents and visitors during summer 2013. We also posed questions to 800 New York State residents in a telephone survey during winter 2014. We tested five hypotheses: 1) wildlife attitude and values scale scores predict stated support for restoration of mountain lions in the Adirondack Park; 2) people more knowledgeable about mountain lions perceive less risk and indicate greater support for mountain lion restoration; 3) women report greater perceived risk than do men from mountain lions; 4) residents will report greater perceived risk than nonresidents; and 5) respondents who participate in activities such as hiking and hunting in the Park will perceive less risk than those who do not. A majority of respondents supported natural recolonization of mountain lions to the Adirondack Park. Results of our regression model indicated that perceived risk and factual knowledge influence support for mountain lion restoration, with more knowledgeable respondents perceiving lower risk and reporting greater support. To reduce the potential for human–wildlife conflict and moderate risk perceptions, we recommend wildlife agencies and others consider conveying educational messages about how stakeholders can coexist with large predators in areas in which they are recolonizing. © 2015 The Wildlife Society.
Are Birth Certificate and Hospital Discharge Linkages Performed in 52 Jurisdictions in the United States?
Authors: Kim Shin Y. , Ahuja Sukhjeet , Stampfel Caroline , Williamson Dhelia 
Published: July 2015

Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to determine the number and characteristics of US State Registrars of Vital Statistics (Vital Registrars) and State Systems Development Initiative (SSDI) Coordinators that link birth certificate and hospital discharge data as well as using linkage processes.

Methods

Vital Registrars and SSDI Coordinators in all 52 vital records jurisdictions (50 states, District of Columbia, and New York City) were asked to complete a 41-question survey. We examined frequency distributions among completed surveys using SAS 9.3.

Results
The response rate was 100 % (N = 52) for Vital Registrars and 96 % (N = 50) for SSDI Coordinators. Nearly half of Vital Registrars (n = 22) and SSDI Coordinators (n = 23) reported that their jurisdiction linked birth certificate and hospital discharge records at least once in the last 4 years. Among those who link, the majority of Vital Registrars (77.3 %) and SSDI Coordinators (82.6 %) link both maternal and infant hospital discharge records to the birth certificate. Of those who do not link, 43 % of the Vital Registrars and 55 % of SSDI Coordinators reported an interest in linking birth certificate and hospital discharge data. Reasons for not linking included lack of staff time, inability to access raw data, high cost, and unavailability of personal identifiers to link the two sources.

Conclusions

Results of our analysis provide a national perspective on data linkage practices in the US. Our findings can be used to promote further data linkages, facilitate sharing of data and linkage methodologies, and identify uses of the resulting linked data.
Upscaling of Non-isothermal Reactive Porous Media Flow with Changing Porosity
Authors: Bringedal Carina , Berre Inga , Pop Iuliu Sorin , Radu Florin Adrian 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Motivated by rock–fluid interactions occurring in a geothermal reservoir, we present a two-dimensional pore scale model of a periodic porous medium consisting of void space and grains, with fluid flow through the void space. The ions in the fluid are allowed to precipitate onto the grains, while minerals in the grains are allowed to dissolve into the fluid, and we take into account the possible change in pore geometry that these two processes cause, resulting in a problem with a free boundary at the pore scale. We include temperature dependence and possible effects of the temperature both in fluid properties and in the mineral precipitation and dissolution reactions. For the pore scale model equations, we perform a formal homogenization procedure to obtain upscaled equations. A pore scale model consisting of circular grains is presented as a special case of the porous medium.