bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser powder bed fusion process optimization for the production of high-performance and efficient high-silicon steel electrical motor components
Authors: Zanini Filippo , Bonato Nicolò , Michieletto Daniele , Alberti Luigi , Carmignato Simone 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The increasing demand for high-performance electrical motor components, together with the need for improved energy efficiency and sustainability, is driving the exploration of advanced materials and manufacturing techniques. Iron–silicon alloys, especially those with high silicon content, exhibit promising electromagnetic properties but pose challenges for conventional manufacturing methods. Consequently, alternative technologies such as metal additive manufacturing, and particularly laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M), are gaining interest in the production of high-silicon steel components for electrical motors. This study focuses on optimizing the PBF-LB/M process for the production of Fe-Si6.5 components for electrical motors, addressing the challenging scenario of machines not equipped with preheatable building plates. First experiments on cubic test samples unveiled significant crack formation under different process settings, highlighting the need to refine the process parameters selection approach through the design, production and assessment of task-specific test specimens. Multiple parameter combinations were tested, leading to the identification of the two best settings in terms of porosity content. X-ray computed tomography provided additional detailed analysis of specimens fabricated under such process conditions, identifying the specific setting yielding the least internal porosity and cracks. The toroidal ferromagnetic core produced with the optimized process parameters displayed enhanced electromagnetic properties, proving the effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach. Furthermore, powder characterization revealed alterations in particle size and sphericity after fabrication, emphasizing the importance of monitoring the powder properties for achieving a sustainable yet reliable process.
Critical Intuitions in Stakeholder Theory and Political CSR: The Effect of Identity Constituting Values on the Dynamics of Business Ethical Debates
Authors: Ziegler Marianne Thejls 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article addresses questions of fundamental values of business ethics scholars. By tracing the evolution of debates on stakeholder theory and political corporate social responsibility (PCSR) from their beginnings in 1984 and 2006 until the present day, the article demonstrates how these scholarly debates have followed a similar pattern. In both cases, the initial positions, which are more tolerant toward business interests, face critique through theoretical developments and are ultimately surpassed by arguments favouring the reduction of managerial power and the enhancement of decision-making authority among stakeholders and various non-corporate organisations and agents. Referring to the moral psychological theory of Social Intuitionism, the article suggests that a shared moral intuition of scepticism toward managerial elites is characteristic of scholars in the business ethics community. This intuition, however, appears to hinder a fully articulated and genuine debate between perspectives that confer legitimacy on corporations, managerial elites, and market-based economic systems, and those which advocate for stakeholder influence in managerial decisions and a more inclusive economical democracy. Consequently, this tendency contributes to the stagnation of these debates both within academic circles and in public discussions.
The impact of burnt sawdust ash from timber species as partial cement replacements on the durability properties for sustainable interlocking blocks
Authors: Assiamah Sampson , Kankam Charles K. , Adinkrah-Appiah Kwadwo , Afrifa Russell Owusu , Banahehe Osei Jack , Agyeman Stephen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the potential of Burnt Sawdust Ash (BSDA) from seven timber species (Wawa, Mansonia, Teak, Odum, Ceiba, Essah and Mahogany) as a partial cement replacement in laterite interlocking blocks (LIBs). Using a replacement level of 0–30 (BSDA) wt% and mix proportion of 1:6 (cement + BSDA: laterite) with a 0.60 water-to-cement ratio, 396 blocks or specimens of size 185 mm × 220 mm × 120 mm were produced and cured at normal temperature and humidity under shady and sunny conditions for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days as per the BS EN 771‑1:2011 + A1:2015. Soil characterization test, particle size distribution, bulk density, water absorption, and erosion resistance were tested. It was observed that, the lateritic soil that passed through 2.36 mm and the fineness of BSDA partially helped in better interlocking and strength gains.While replacing cement with BSDA generally increased erosion rates, wood type influenced both properties, with 10% of Wawa, Mansonia and Odum offering better water absorption and erosion resistance at higher sawdust compositions. A positive finding was the decrease in bulk density with increasing BSDA, making blocks lighter and easier to transport. The research findings have some impacts on environmental sustainability, speed construction, and construction cost reduction.
Individuals’ COVID-19 Awareness and Health Literacy Levels in Eastern Turkey: A Descriptive Correlational Design
Authors: Okten Merve Meral , Yalcinoz Baysal Hasret 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Individuals’ COVID-19 protection and awareness could be related to their health literacy levels. This study aims to determine individuals’ COVID-19 awareness and health literacy levels in eastern Turkey and the relationship between them.

Methods
This study utilized a descriptive and correlational design. The target population was individuals aged 18-65 years who sought treatment in the emergency department of a state hospital in Turkey. The sample consisted of 762 individuals who visited the health institution where data were collected between July 15, 2021-December 15, 2021 and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected through the Personal Information Form, the COVID-19 Awareness Scale, and the Health Literacy Scale. Ethics committee approval and institutional permissions were obtained to conduct the study. Data analysis used arithmetic means, standard deviations, skewness and kurtosis coefficients, t test, ANOVA, Welch ANOVA, Bonferroni tests, and correlation analysis.

Results
The participants’ COVID-19 Awareness Scale total mean score was 50.71 ± 14.93, and the Health Literacy Scale total mean score was 45.03 ± 10.57. A moderate positive correlation was detected between the participants’ health literacy levels and the COVID-19 awareness scale sub-scales and total scores (r = 0.350).

Conclusions
The participants’ health literacy level increased with their COVID-19 awareness level. It is recommended that health literacy levels be increased to help individuals increase their awareness of COVID-19 and to protect and improve their health.
Social Comfort and Attractiveness Perception: Impact of Prosthetics, Physical Disability, and Comfort Distance on Interpersonal Interactions
Authors: Pazhoohi Farid , Wing Samantha , Kingstone Alan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Derived from the disease-avoidance model is the hypothesis that people may direct negative cognitive and behavioral responses towards individuals with physical disfiguring conditions, including physical disabilities. Based on this proposal of a behavioural immune system, physical disability, a noncontagious physical disfiguration, may falsely activate cognitive disease-avoidance processes resulting in prejudicial or negative responses against individuals with physical disabilities. For the first time this hypothesis is put to the test by investigating whether ratings of attractiveness and comfort for a social interaction vary systematically with physical disability (Studies 1 and 2). In addition, we tested whether these ratings were associated with individual differences in pathogen disgust, perceived vulnerability to disease, and concern for contracting COVID-19. In Study 3 we overcame possible methodological limitations by employing a virtual reality environment and using both male and female models. A fourth study was conducted to extend the first two studies by using a more diverse set of avatars. Results from Studies 1 and 2 indicated that disability did not significantly impact comfort ratings for social interactions, although nondisabled stimuli were rated as more attractive. However, Study 3 showed that in a VR environment, participants preferred closer proximity to nondisabled avatars, regardless of gender, over disabled ones, a preference not mitigated by the presence of prosthetics. Study 4 replicated these findings with varied 2D avatars, showing that disability significantly affected both comfort and attractiveness ratings, with nondisabled avatars rated highest, followed by those with prosthetics, and finally disabled avatars. Despite these findings, the expected relationship between comfort ratings and individual differences in pathogen disgust or perceived infectability did not emerge, challenging the behavioral immune system hypothesis. The discomfort associated with physical disability may be more related to social stigma or 3 preconceived notions than to an innate disease-avoidance response. In conclusion, this research contributes to understanding how physical disability influences social comfort and attractiveness perceptions, challenging the behavioral immune system hypothesis and highlighting the role of social and cognitive factors in these judgments.
Observational evidence that economic reciprocity pervades self organized food co operatives
Authors: Lange Taylor Z. , Waring Timothy M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Evolutionary scientists argue that prosociality has been central to human ecological success. Theoretical models and behavioral experiments have found that prosociality, and cooperation in particular, is conditional and context dependent, that individuals vary in their propensity to cooperate, and that reciprocity stabilizes these behaviors within groups. Experimental findings have had limited validation with observations of behavior in natural settings, especially in organizational contexts. Here, we report in situ measurements of collective action where reciprocity is abundant in organizations embedded in a cash economy. We study small ‘food clubs’ where members share bulk purchases and are considered to be heavily dependent on cooperation. We take advantage high resolution data of economic interactions for 1,528 individuals across 35 clubs over a combined 107 years of operation. We develop a network method to detect different directional and temporal forms of economic reciprocity, and statistically classify individual behavioral types akin to those in experiments. We find abundant direct reciprocity, supplemented by indirect reciprocity, and that members of most clubs can be identified as consistent reciprocators. This study provides initial observational evidence that economic reciprocity may be more abundant in real world settings, sharpening the findings of the behavioral study of cooperation and contributing to the more naturalistic study of reciprocity and prosociality.
Association of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and Neurogenesis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Au Hezekiah C.T. , Zheng Yang Jing , Le Gia Han , Wong Sabrina , Teopiz Kayla M. , Kwan Angela T.H. , Gill Hartej , Badulescu Sebastian , Valentino Kyle , Rosenblat Joshua D. , Mansur Rodrigo B. , McIntyre Roger S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Objective
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) administration has been associated with neuroproliferative effects and modulatory effects in neuronal pathways. Herein, we conducted a comprehensive synthesis of the effects of GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs on neurogenesis.

Methods
We examined studies that investigate changes in neurogenesis mediated by GLP-1 and GLP-1 RA administration in both human and animal populations. Relevant articles were retrieved through OVID (MedLine, Embase, AMED, PsychINFO, JBI EBP Database), PubMed, and Web of Science from database inception to July 2nd. Primary studies investigating the role of GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs on neurogenesis were included for analysis.

Results
GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs (i.e. exenatide, geniposide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, and semaglutide), increased neurogenesis within the dentate gyrus, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and the medial striatum in animal models. Additionally, GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs were associated with modulating changes in multiple apoptotic pathways and upregulating survival pathways.

Discussion
GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs are positively associated with neurogenesis. This effect may have translational implications insofar as disparate mental disorders that are characterized by neurogenesis defects (e.g. depressive disorders and neurocognitive disorders) may be benefitted by these agents.
Do Citizens Stereotype Muslims as an Illiberal Bogeyman? Evidence from a Double-List Experiment
Authors: Turnbull-Dugarte Stuart J. , López Ortega Alberto , Hunklinger Michael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Illiberal actors in Western democracies increasingly exploit the superficial defence of liberal values like gender equality and LGBTQ+ rights to demonize ethnic out-groups, portraying Muslims as inherently opposed to Western values. This paper investigates whether this stereotype reflects widespread public beliefs and asks: is the stereotypical view of the Muslim community as an illiberal ‘bogeyman’ endorsed by citizens? Leveraging an original double-list experiment design that minimizes sensitivity bias, we identify population-level estimates of this stereotype in Britain, Germany, the Netherlands, and the USA. Our cross-national results reveal a pervasive and ubiquitous stereotype of Muslims as a threat to LGBTQ+ communities across Western democracies. The implications of these findings are concerning as they signal that societal tolerance of ethnic out-groups across liberal democracies remains tainted by prejudicial stereotypes. The results also underscore the alarming electoral potential of far-right parties that exploit homonationalist and femonationalist stereotype-based threat perceptions to their political advantage.
Does the Presence or Absence of Elections Remove Gender Differences in Ambition for Public Service?
Authors: Hassell Hans J.G. , Hollibaugh Gary E. , Miles Matthew R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Perhaps because scholars of political ambition have focused almost entirely on electoral ambition, the presence of elections has been thought to play a major role in shaping who expresses interest in public service. In this article, we examine whether the presence or absence of elections changes women’s political ambition. Using surveys of law students, federal bureaucrats, and the general public, we find the relationship between gender and ambition for elected office is similar to the relationship between gender and ambition for bureaucratic and judicial service. We show that, although women are deterred from public service by the elections that act as gateways to those opportunities, the effects of elections on gendered political ambition duplicate the effects of other components of public service. Rather than unique, elections are duplicative in their effects, reinforcing the relationship between gender and ambition rather than fundamentally changing who expresses ambition for public service.
Liberalism in Two Worlds: José Victorino Lastarria on John Stuart Mill
Authors: Pérez-Muñoz Cristian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
During the nineteenth century, liberalism played a fundamental role in the newly formed Latin American nation-states. Yet little attention has been paid to how liberal thinkers on the periphery reacted against liberal theories suffused with pro-colonial rhetoric and Eurocentric bias. This study examines the underexplored reaction of José Victorino Lastarria to John Stuart Mill’s liberal project. Lastarria, one of the most influential nineteenth-century Latin American liberals, critically engaged with Mill’s liberalism, discerning there an example of Eurocentrism that missed insights from the republican Latin American experience. This article examines the intellectual connections and disconnections between Mill’s liberalism, representing the imperial metropole, and Lastarria’s thought, a form of liberalism in the newly independent peripheral states. By reconstructing his discussion of Mill, this article presents Lastarria’s main political ideas to a broader audience.
What is Social Media’s Place in Democracy?
Authors: Patberg Markus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In his recent analysis of digital platforms as a medium for (democratic) political communication, Jürgen Habermas has proclaimed a constitutional imperative to maintain a functioning public sphere—leaving open, however, what this would require. While a growing literature develops ideas for social media reforms, these models put the cart before the horse. To restructure social media in a targeted manner, one first needs to determine the platforms’ desired contribution to democracy—which is far from obvious. Social media have a plurality of democratic affordances and can thus be assigned different, sometimes competing roles. To determine social media’s place in democracy, we need to do what Habermas has failed to do: locate social media in the center–periphery model of political communication in media society. In doing so, I argue that social media reforms should primarily aim to empower agents in the periphery.
Large Shigella flexneri outbreak linked to a takeaway, South Wales: a case–control study
Authors: Plimmer Amy , Fina Laia , Orife Oghogho , Griggs Beverley , Saavedra-Campos Maria , Forde Donall , Edwards Cerys , Driscoll Louise , Shankar Ananda Giri , Thomas Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In February 2023, 52 cases of gastrointestinal illness were reported in customers of Takeaway A, South Wales. Shigella flexneri serotype 2a was the causative organism. An outbreak investigation was conducted to determine the extent and vehicle of the outbreak.
Following descriptive summary and environmental investigations, a case–control study was completed. Participants completed a telephone questionnaire on food, travel, and environmental exposures. A multivariable logistic regression model was built, including exposures with p-values < 0.2 and interactions identified on stratified analysis. Staff faecal samples were screened for Shigella sp.
Thirty-one cases and 29 controls were included in the study. Eighty-seven per cent of cases and 76% of controls ate from Takeaway A on 10 February 2023. Coleslaw was the main factor associated with illness (aOR: 200, 95% CI: 12–3220) and an interaction with cabbage was identified (aOR: 886, 95% CI: 26–30034). Shigella sp. were not detected in any staff samples.
Coleslaw was the most likely vehicle. Though the contamination route is unknown, a food handler is the most likely source. This large outbreak differs from recent European outbreaks, which primarily have been associated with sexual transmission. Although uncommon in the UK, S. flexneri should be considered as a cause of foodborne outbreaks.
Direct Encoding of Declare Constraints in ASP
Authors: CHIARIELLO FRANCESCO , FIONDA VALERIA , IELO ANTONIO , RICCA FRANCESCO 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAnswer set programming (ASP), a well-known declarative logic programming paradigm, has recently found practical application in Process Mining. In particular, ASP has been used to model tasks involving declarative specifications of business processes. In this area, Declare stands out as the most widely adopted declarative process modeling language, offering a means to model processes through sets of constraints valid traces must satisfy, that can be expressed in linear temporal logic over finite traces (LTL$_{\text {f}}$). Existing ASP-based solutions encode Declare constraints by modeling the corresponding LTL$_{\text {f}}$ formula or its equivalent automaton which can be obtained using established techniques. In this paper, we introduce a novel encoding for Declare constraints that directly models their semantics as ASP rules, eliminating the need for intermediate representations. We assess the effectiveness of this novel approach on two Process Mining tasks by comparing it with alternative ASP encodings and a Python library for Declare.
The Federation persuasion: Identity, sovereignty, and decolonisation in the Indies East and West
Authors: Parker Jason 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Postwar decolonisation in the global South sparked a range of political imaginaries and experiments in postcolonial governance. Among the most prominent and least understood of the roads not ultimately taken was that of federation. The federal model seemed to offer something to almost everyone—Cold War hegemons, metropolitan officials, anticolonial nationalists, ‘pan-’ racial visionaries—and a dozen such unions were proposed or attempted after 1945. Yet almost none lasted even a decade before shrinking or collapsing. Their demise, despite occurring at the height of the Cold War, had little or nothing to do with that conflict. Rather, the concurrent rise and fall of two such unions—the West Indies Federation and Malaysia—demonstrates that they succumbed to a number of fatal flaws, above all one that connects this decolonisation story to the long territorial-imperial era preceding it: the centrifugal force of the ethnopolitical identities embedded within them.
Beyond Group Membership: New Way of Measuring Environmental Interest Group Strength in the American States
Authors: Glasgow Derek , Rai Saatvika , Zhao Shuang , Taylor Jami , Haider-Markel Donald P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Interest groups are an important influence in the subnational policymaking process. Previously, environmental policy scholars measured the strength of environmental groups in the American policymaking subnational process by using proxies like state-level group membership in major nationwide environmental organizations (e.g., Sierra Club). Although these prior measures of group strength have face validity, recent scholarship suggests that the utilization of group financial resources is a better measure of the influence of interest groups in state-level models. We take this approach and provide a new way to measure state-level environmental interests by using aggregated financial information (income and assets) from Internal Revenue Service (IRS) data obtained via the National Center for Charitable Statistics (NCCS). This measure provides several advantages over previous approaches because it varies over time, is derived from easily accessible public data, includes a greater diversity of environmental organizations, and it is considered reliable by prior scholars. We demonstrate its empirical value by deploying our measure in a model of state policy adoption. We encourage researchers to further utilize this new measure in their analysis of environmental advocacy at the subnational level.