bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating lexical proficiency development over time – the case of Dutch-speaking learners of French in Brussels
Authors: BULTÉ BRAM , HOUSEN ALEX , PIERRARD MICHEL , VAN DAELE SISKA 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThis article aims (a) to explore the operationalisation and definition of lexical L2 proficiency and related constructs with a view to identifying a set of measures that can adequately capture the dynamics of lexical L2 proficiency development over time, and (b) to shed more light on the development of lexical proficiency in French Foreign Language classes. After a discussion of theoretical, terminological and methodological issues in L2 vocabulary research, we present a longitudinal quantitative study of the lexical development of Dutch-speaking adolescents learning FFL in Dutch-medium schools in Brussels over a three-year period and compare these learners' lexical proficiency in French to native speaker benchmarks.
Duplicated left pulmonary artery: an unknown disease? Three case reports and review of the literature
Authors: Giudici Valentina , Kanani Mazyar , Muthialu Nagarajan , Carr Michelle , Calder Alistair D. , Owens Catherine M. , Cook Andrew C. , Marek Jan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe report three cases of an abnormal finding of duplicated left pulmonary artery: two of these occurring in children with Kabuki syndrome and configuring the setting of a pseudo-pulmonary sling without any clinical or cardiac cross-sectional evidence of tracheal compression. The other case instead represents duplicated left pulmonary artery with pulmonary sling caused by the retro-tracheal course of the lower left pulmonary artery associated with “Christmas Tree” arrangement of the tracheo-bronchial system.In both patients with pseudo-pulmonary sling and Kabuki syndrome, the abnormal finding was incidental during echocardiographic examination and neither of the patients required surgical repair for the condition. To the best of our knowledge, they represent the third and fourth cases in which such an anomaly of the pulmonary artery branches not forming a sling is seen in association with Kabuki syndrome. Another case represents our second experience and the second case reported in literature with duplicated left pulmonary artery in the setting of a complex tracheal anatomy. In this symptomatic patient, surgical repair of atrial septal defect and relief of the vascular ring were indicated, and the surgical repair was performed successfully at the age of 3 years.
‘Life does not make it easy to breast-feed’: using the socio-ecological framework to determine social breast-feeding obstacles in a low-income population in Tijuana, Mexico
Authors: Bueno-Gutierrez Diana , Chantry Caroline 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjectiveBreast-feeding rates reflect sociodemographic discrepancies. In Mexico, exclusive breast-feeding under 6 months of age has deteriorated among the poor, rural and indigenous populations from 1999 to 2012. Our objective of the present study was to identify the main social obstacles to breast-feeding in a low-income population in Tijuana, Mexico.DesignQualitative study using a socio-ecological framework for data collection.SettingLow-income communities in Tijuana, Mexico.SubjectsMothers (n66), fathers (n11), grandparents (n27) and key informants (n25).ResultsOne hundred and twenty-nine individuals participated in the study: six focus groups (n53) and fifty-one interviews among mothers, fathers and grandparents; and twenty-five interviews among key informants. Seven social themes were identified: (i) embarrassment to breast-feed in public; (ii) migrant experience; (iii) women’s role in society; (iv) association of formula with higher social status; (v) marketing by the infant food industry; (vi) perception of a non-breast-feeding culture; and (vii) lack of breast-feeding social programmes.ConclusionsSocio-structural factors influence infant feeding practices in low-income communities in Tijuana. We hypothesize that messages emphasizing Mexican traditions along with modern healthy practices could help to re-establish and normalize a breast-feeding culture in this population. The target audience for these messages should not be limited to mothers but also include family, health-care providers, the work environment and society as a whole.
Risk for chronic kidney disease increases with obesity: Health Survey for England 2010
Authors: MacLaughlin Helen L , Hall Wendy L , Sanders Thomas AB , Macdougall Iain C 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjectiveStudies of the relationship between obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in nationally representative population samples are limited. Our study aimed to determine if overweight and obesity were independently associated with the risk for CKD in the 2010 Health Survey for England (HSE).DesignThe HSE is an annually conducted cross-sectional study. In 2010 serum creatinine was included to determine the incidence of CKD in the population. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1·73 m2 using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to calculate odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for CKD risk by BMI (reference category: BMI=18·5–24·9 kg/m2) and adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, smoking, diabetes and hypertension.SettingA random sample of nationally representative households in England.SubjectsAdults (n 3463) with calculable eGFR and BMI were included.ResultsThe prevalence of CKD was 5·9 %. The risk of CKD was over 2·5 times higher in obese participants compared with normal-weight participants in the fully adjusted model (BMI=30·0–39·9 kg/m2: adjusted OR=2·78 (95 % CI 1·75, 4·43); BMI ≥ 40·0 kg/m2: adjusted OR=2·68 (95 % CI 1·05, 6·85)).ConclusionsObesity is associated with an increased risk of CKD in a national sample of the UK population, even after adjustment for known CKD risk factors, which may have implications for CKD screening and future national health service planning and delivery.
The preventive effect of breast-feeding for longer than 6 months on early pubertal development among children aged 7–9 years in Korea
Authors: Lee Hye Ah , Kim Young Ju , Lee Hwayoung , Gwak Hye Sun , Hong Young Sun , Kim Hae Soon , Park Eun Ae , Cho Su Jin , Ha Eun Hee , Park Hyesook 
Published: March 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe present study was performed to investigate whether breast-feeding is associated with early pubertal development among children 7–9 years old in Korea.DesignChildren were divided into those who did and did not receive breast-feeding for 6 months or longer in accordance with the recommendations of the WHO. Pubertal status was determined by clinical examination using Tanner staging.SettingProspective observational study.SubjectsWe conducted a follow-up study of children aged 7–9 years in 2011 who had taken part in the Ewha Birth & Growth Cohort study.ResultsFifty (22·8 %) of the total of 219 children were in early puberty, with the proportion being slightly higher for girls (24·1 %) than boys (21·4 %). Children who had entered early puberty were taller, weighed more and had a higher concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1. Moreover, the change in weight Z-score from birth to follow-up was significantly lower in children who were breast-fed than in those who were not (weight Z-score change: 0·32 (sd 1·59) v. 0·77 (sd 1·61), respectively, P=0·04). Comparison of breast-feeding by puberty status indicated a preventive association with early puberty in children who were breast-fed for 6 months or longer (OR=0·37; 95 % CI 0·18, 0·74). This association remained significant after adjustment for relevant covariates.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate a beneficial association between breast-feeding and early pubertal development, especially in those breast-fed for 6 months or longer. The study suggests that interventions would need to start early in life to prevent early pubertal development.
Calypso’s array attenuation
Authors: Silva Célia , Mateus Dalila , Vieira Sandra , Rodrigues Milton , Eiras Margarida , Greco Carlo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIntroductionThe Calypso 4D Localization System gives the possibility to track the tumour during treatment, with no additional ionising radiation delivered. To monitor the patient continuously an array is positioned above the patient during the treatment. We intend to study, for various gantry angles, the attenuation effect of the array for 6- and 10 MV and flattening filter free (FFF) 6- and FFF 10 MV photon beams.Materials and methodsMeasurements were performed using an ion chamber placed in a slab phantom positioned at the linac isocenter for 6 MV, 10 MV, FFF 6 MV and FFF 10 MV photon beams. Measurements were performed with and without array above the phantom for 0°, 10°, 20°, 40° and 50° beam angle for a True Beam STx linac, for 5×5 and 10×10 and 15×15 cm2 field size beams to evaluate the attenuation of the array. A VMAT treatment plan was measured using an ArcCheck with and without the array in the beam path.Results and discussionAttenuation measured values were up to 3%. Attenuation values were between 1 and 2% with the exception of the 30°–50° gantry angles which were up to 3.3%. The ratio values calculated in the ArcCheck for relative dose and absolute dose 10 were both 1·00.ConclusionAttenuation of the treatment beam by the Calypso array is within acceptable limits.
JD3 – 3D Views of the Cycling Sun in Stellar Context: Overview
Authors: van Driel-Gesztelyi Lidia , Schrijver Carolus J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe summarise the motivations and main results of the joint discussion “3D Views of the Cycling Sun in Stellar Context”, and give credit to contributed talks and poster presentations, as due to the limited number of pages, this proceedings could only include contributions from the keynote speakers.
The Evolution of the Solar Magnetic Field
Authors: Hoeksema J. Todd 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe almost stately evolution of the global heliospheric magnetic field pattern during most of the solar cycle belies the intense dynamic interplay of photospheric and coronal flux concentrations on scales both large and small. The statistical characteristics of emerging bipoles and active regions lead to development of systematic magnetic patterns. Diffusion and flows impel features to interact constructively and destructively, and on longer time scales they may help drive the creation of new flux. Peculiar properties of the components in each solar cycle determine the specific details and provide additional clues about their sources. The interactions of complex developing features with the existing global magnetic environment drive impulsive events on all scales. Predominantly new-polarity surges originating in active regions at low latitudes can reach the poles in a year or two. Coronal holes and polar caps composed of short-lived, small-scale magnetic elements can persist for months and years. Advanced models coupled with comprehensive measurements of the visible solar surface, as well as the interior, corona, and heliosphere promise to revolutionize our understanding of the hierarchy we call the solar magnetic field.
Simulating Solar Global Magnetism in 3-D
Authors: Brun A. S. , Strugarek A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe briefly present recent progress using the ASH code to model in 3-D the solar convection, dynamo and its coupling to the deep radiative interior. We show how the presence of a self-consistent tachocline influences greatly the organization of the magnetic field and modifies the thermal structure of the convection zone leading to realistic profiles of the mean flows as deduced by helioseismology.
Stellar Variability Observed with Kepler
Authors: Jenkins Jon M. , Gilliland Ronald L. , Meibom Soeren , Walkowicz Lucianne , Borucki William J. , Caldwell Douglas A. ,   the Kepler Science Team
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe Kepler photometer was launched in March 2009 initiating NASA's search for Earth-size planets orbiting in the habitable zone of their star. After three years of science operations, Kepler has proven to be a veritable cornucopia of science results, both for exoplanets and for astrophysics. The phenomenal photometric precision and continuous observations required in order to identify small, rocky transiting planets enables the study of a large range of phenomena contributing to stellar variability for many thousands of solar-like stars in Kepler's field of view in exquisite detail. These effects range from <1 ppm acoustic oscillations on timescales from a few minutes and longward, to flares on timescales of hours, to spot-induced modulation on timescales of days to weeks to activity cycles on timescales of months to years. Recent improvements to the science pipeline have greatly enhanced Kepler's ability to reject instrumental signatures while better preserving intrinsic stellar variability, opening up the timescales for study well beyond 10 days. We give an overview of the stellar variability we see across the full range of spectral types observed by Kepler, from the cool, small red M stars to the hot, large late A stars, both in terms of amplitude as well as timescale. We also present a picture of what the extended mission will likely bring to the field of stellar variability as we progress from a 3.5 year mission to a 7.5+ year mission.
Extreme Horizontal Branch Stars in Passively Evolving Early Type Galaxies
Authors: Hernández-Pérez Fabiola , Bruzual Gustavo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe study the effects of including binary star evolution in population synthesis models. We use the Hurley et al. (2002) code to compute binary star evolutionary tracks, and follow the procedure by Han et al. (2002), in particular, the two 2HeWD merger channel, to form EHB stars from a binary pair. We apply the resulting models to study UV excess ETGs.
Comets: extremal states and their observational manifestations
Authors: Subhon Ibadov , Ibodov Firuz S. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCurrent status and prospects of further investigations are considered for: 1.Anomaly distribution of Na-atoms emission in the cometary heads; 2. Mechanisms of X-ray generation in comets; 3. Evolution of sungrazing comets near the Sun.
Location of the upper border of the cavity excavated after the Deep Impact collision
Authors: Ipatov Sergei I. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe distance between the pre-impact surface of Comet 9P/Tempel 1 and the upper border of the largest cavity with dust and gas under pressure excavated after the collision of the impact module of the Deep Impact spacecraft with the comet is estimated to be about 6 m if the diameter of the transient crater was about 200 m. This result suggests that cavities containing dust and gas under pressure located a few meters below surfaces of comets can be frequent.
Chemical Enrichment of the Solar System by Stellar Ejecta
Authors: Kwok Sun 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSpectroscopic observations of evolved stars have shown signatures of aromatic and aliphatic compounds. This suggests that complex organics with chemical structures similar to those of insoluble organic matter (IOM) found in carbonaceous meteorites are made in stars. This raises the possibility that in addition to known pre-solar grains such as silicon carbide, organic star dust may also have traveled across the Galaxy to the Solar System.
Meteor Showers of the Earth-crossing Asteroids
Authors: Pulat Babadzhanov , Gulchekhra Kokhirova 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe results of search for meteor showers associated with the asteroids crossing the Earthfs orbit and moving on comet-like orbits are given. It was shown that among 2872 asteroids discovered till 1.01.2005 and belonging to the Apollo and Amor groups, 130 asteroids have associated meteor showers and, therefore, are the extinct cometary nuclei.
Time and frequency transfer with the ESA/CNES ACES-PHARAO mission
Authors: Delva P. , Le Poncin-Lafitte C. , Laurent P. , Meynadier F. , Wolf P. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe have written a theoretical description of one-way and two-way satellite time and frequency transfer and developed a model of the micro-wave link in the frame of the ACES/PHARAO mission. This is used to write a data analysis software and a simulation to test it. A very short description of the mission and of the micro-wave link is given here. A detailed description can be found in Delva et al., 2012, Proceedings of the EFTF, Gothenburg, Sweden, arXiv:1206.6239.
INPOP: evolution, applications, and perspectives
Authors: Fienga A. , Laskar J. , Manche H. , Gastineau M. , Verma A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe INPOP ephemerides have undergone several improvements since the last INPOP10a release (Fienga et al. 2011). Improvements in the asteroid mass determinations have been made and the effect of the solar corona has also been investigated (Verma et al. 2012). Since 2010 and INPOP10a, in anticipation to IAU resolution B2, the au is fixed in the INPOP construction while the mass of the Sun is fitted. Descriptions of tests of general relativity made with INPOP10a are recalled here. Perspectives about Messenger data analysis and new gravity tests are finally introduced.
Spectroscopic evidence of multiple populations in globular clusters
Authors: Gratton R. , Lucatello S. , Carretta E. , Bragaglia A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe review spectroscopic evidence of multiple stellar populations in globular clusters. First, we lay down the basic data: the C-N, Na-O, Mg-Al anti-correlations among red giants and main sequence stars, and discuss how they appear to be general properties of globular clusters, in spite of cluster-to-cluster differences. We will then describe what is currently known about He from spectroscopy. We will then present the implications and current observations for the interpretation of the horizontal branches, showing that the multiple population phenomenon is strongly related to the distribution of stars along them. We will briefly mention the spectroscopic evidence related to some less understood cases, like the clusters with multiple subgiant branches. Finally, we summarize the relation between multiple populations and general properties for globular clusters, and their implications for the formation scenario.
The pollution of the interstellar medium from AGB stars in Globular Clusters
Authors: Ventura Paolo , Carini Roberta 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe discuss the yields from Asymptotic Giant Branch stars, depending on their mass and metallicity. In agreement with previous investigations, we find that the extent of Hot Bottom Burning increases with mass. The yields of models with chemistry typical of high–metallicity Globular Clusters, i.e. Z = 0.008, show only a modest depletion of magnesium, and an oxgen depletion of ~ 0.4 dex. Low–metallicity yields show a much stronger magnesium depletion, and a dramatic drop in the oxygen content, ~ 1.2dex smaller than the initial value. We suggest that the Globular Cluster NGC 2419 is a possible target to the hypothesis of the self–enrichment scenario of Globular Clusters by the winds of Asymptotic Giant Branch stars.
The role of resonances in the evolution of galactic disks
Authors: Lepine Jacques , Scarano Sergio , Andrievsky Sergei , de Barros Douglas A. , Junqueira Thiago C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractResonances play an important role in the evolution of the disks of spiral galaxies, and in particular in the chemical abundance evolution. The dominant effect is that of corotation; this effect can be even used as a tool to estimate the age of the present spiral arm pattern, which are usually found to be long-lived, contrary to a recent common belief. We investigated a sample of galaxies for which the corotation radius is known and for which there are available in the literature measurements of abundance gradients for Oxygen. A very good correlation is found between corotation radii and the radii at which there is a break in the slope of the gradients. The gradients are usually decreasing in the inner regions and become flat or rising at larger radii. In several galaxies, including the Milky Way, one observes not only a change in the slope of the abundance gradient, but also an abrupt step in metallicity, at corotation. This step is due to the fact that corotation separates the disk of a galaxy in two regions (inside corotation and outside corotation) which are isolated one from the other, so that the two sides evolve in an independent way. The barrier between the two regions is produced by the flow of gas in opposite directions in the two sides and by the ring-shaped void of gas observed at corotation. Besides this, an independent effect of corotation is a minimum of star formation associated with the minimum velocity at which the spiral arms (seen as potential wells) are fed with interstellar gas. Still another effect is the scattering of stars by the resonance, which causes their migration to different galactic radii. Other resonances, like 4:1, have properties almost opposite to corotation; they stimulate star-formation, and tend to gather the stars in the resonant orbit, instead of scattering them out, as shown by numerical simulations. Due to this property, one can see arms which have the shape of resonant stellar orbits, which depart from logarithmic spirals.
Revealing galactic scale bars with the help of Galaxy Zoo
Authors: Masters Karen L. ,   the Galaxy Zoo Team
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe use visual classifications of the brightest 250,000 galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Main Galaxy Sample provided by citizen scientists via the Galaxy Zoo project (www.galaxyzoo.org, Lintott et al. 2008) to identify a sample of local disc galaxies with reliable bar identifications.These data, combined with information on the atomic gas content from the ALFALFA survey (Haynes et al. 2011) show that disc galaxies with higher gas content have lower bar fractions.We use a gas deficiency parameter to show that disc galaxies with more/less gas than expected for their stellar mass are less/more likely to host bars. Furthermore, we see that at a fixed gas content there is no residual correlation between bar fraction and stellar mass. We argue that this suggests previously observed correlations between galaxy colour/stellar mass and (strong) bar fraction (e.g. from the sample in Masters et al. 2011, and also see Nair & Abraham 2010) could be driven by the interaction between bars and the gas content of the disc, since more massive, optically redder disc galaxies are observed to have lower gas contents.Furthermore we see evidence that at a fixed gas content the global colours of barred galaxies are redder than those of unbarred galaxies. We suggest that this could be due to the exchange of angular momentum beyond co-rotation which might stop a replenishment of gas from external sources, and act as a source of feedback to temporarily halt or reduce the star formation in the outer parts of barred discs.These results (published as Masters et al. 2012) combined with those of Skibba et al. (2012), who use the same sample to show a clear (but subtle and complicated) environmental dependence of the bar fraction in disc galaxies, suggest that bars are intimately linked to the evolution of disc galaxies.