bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The forecast and low‐carbon performance of land use in rapid urbanization area under the low‐carbon oriented spatial planning: Evidence from Hangzhou, China
Authors: Gu Weicheng , Qi Weifeng , Zhang Mingyu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe introduction of the carbon peak and carbon‐neutral targets by many countries' central governments has put low‐carbon‐oriented spatial planning at the forefront of discussions. However, few studies have focused on the balance of carbon emission reduction and economic goals in spatial planning, and the governance influence on land use change simulation. This study addresses this gap by conducting an empirical analysis in the rapidly urbanizing area of Hangzhou, China, taking into consideration low‐carbon constraints and economic development demands. Using the stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology (STRIPAT) model and linear programming–Markov, we simulate the governance decision‐making process to calculate the optimal land‐use structures under both low‐carbon and baseline scenario, then simulated land use patterns by using artificial‐neural‐network‐based cellular automata (ANN‐CA). The results showed 12.35% and 2.5% growth in urban and forest land, and 9.69% and 6.4% decline in farm and rural land under the low‐carbon scenario. 92.31% of urban land change occur in the downtown districts and suburbs; while 59.77% of farm land change and 95.53% of forest land change occur in the exurban districts. The low‐carbon performance of land use was reflected in carbon storage release, carbon emission capability change, and low‐carbon capability. The most common conversion of land use categories under the low‐carbon scenario was between farm and forest land, and between rural and urban land, which resulted in less carbon storage release and carbon emissions compared with the baseline scenario. Furthermore, under the low‐carbon scenario, the compactness of construction land increased by 2 × 10−5, while its fragmentation decreased by 0.0027. This study sheds light on the impact of low‐carbon‐oriented land use planning on urban land expansion, providing empirical evidence for city governments in rapid urbanization areas to improve land use efficiency.
Comparison between dermatology coursework and veterinary student experience in Indonesian and US veterinary programs
Authors: Putra Andhika , Plowgian Curtis 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundDermatological cases are commonly encountered worldwide. Dermatology specialists and a specific dermatology curriculum may not be available in some parts of the world.ObjectivesThis study's first objective was to describe the dermatology curricula at a sample of American and Indonesian veterinary schools. The second objective was to investigate veterinary students' opinions regarding their readiness and confidence in managing dermatological cases.Methods and MaterialsTwo online questionnaires were designed and distributed to veterinary schools in both Indonesia and the United States. One questionnaire was designed to evaluate the details of the dermatology coursework and distributed to a conveniently selected representative faculty of each school via email. The other questionnaire, which was distributed to veterinary students through a listserv, surveyed students' opinions about their education. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic data analysis.ResultsIn the United States, 63.7% of responding veterinary schools had a specific faculty member teaching dermatology. Dermatology coursework was mandatory in 55% and 0% of schools in the United States and Indonesia, respectively. Ten of 11 responding US schools offered dermatology rotations, yet this was only required for graduation in three schools. None of the Indonesian schools offered a dermatology rotation. Students in both countries reported that they were confident in their clinical skills regardless of the presence of a board‐certified dermatology referral clinician.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceOur study presents an updated insight into dermatology education in the veterinary curriculum from the perspectives of both faculty and students in the United States and Indonesia.
Antibacterial Activity and Metabolite Content of Water and Methanolic Extracts of Purple and White Bougainvillea sp.
Authors: Makerly Hazelynna , Hashim Zanariah 
Published: July 2024

Bougainvillea sp. is a common ornamental plant grown all over Malaysia with several medicinal claims including the treatment for bacterial infection. This study investigated the extraction of the bracts and leaves of purple and white Bougainvillea sp. using methanol and water, tested the extracts' antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus, and identified the metabolites using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The extraction yields of the extracts ranged from 9.6% to 31.3% with the highest yield observed in purple Bougainvillea sp. methanolic leaf extract. No significant differences were observed between water and methanol extraction of the bract samples, while in leaf samples, significantly higher extraction yield can be achieved using 80% aqueous methanol. All the extracts exhibited mild antibacterial activities against E. coli and B. cereus and especially higher in the methanolic extracts of bracts of white and leaves of purple Bougainvillea sp. A total of 71 volatile compounds were identified using GC/MS, in which 55 and 60 compounds were identified in bract and leaf extracts, respectively. The two extracts with the highest antibacterial activities shared six similar metabolites which are pyridine, benzoic acid, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, methyl hexadecanoic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid and phytol. These compounds are known to possess antibacterial as well as other bioactivities. In conclusion, the metabolite identification and profile provide more insight into the antibacterial activity of the leaf and bract extracts of Bougainvillea sp., which might be further explored as a potential natural antibacterial agent source.
Enhancing Aerodynamic Performance of a Non-Axisymmetric Endwall Contoured Cascade Through Section Profiling Method
Authors: Du Zhengshuai , Cai Le , Zeng Jun , Chen Yingjie , Zhou Xun , Wang Songtao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Endwall contouring and 3D blade configurations are effective techniques for enhancing turbomachinery performance. The integration of these technologies is an important area of investigation. To continue the numerical and experimental validations of the non-axisymmetric endwall contoured cascade (Du et al., 2024, “Endwall Contouring for Improving Aerodynamic Performance in a High-Pressure Turbine Cascade,” ASME J. Turbomach., 146(10), p. 101001), the present study redesigns the cascade via section profiling using optimization methods to maximize performance gains. To improve the control effect of endwall contouring, blade section parameters are strategically adjusted during optimization. The experimental flow field traverses at cascade exits demonstrate the control of the cascade flow field by the optimized design. The redesigned cascade exhibits decreased overturning near the shroud and reduced underturning near the hub, as well as reduced profile loss in the mainstream, compared to the endwall contoured cascade. The modification of section parameters enhances the control of losses and the secondary flow intensity. Computational fluid dynamics is used to provide a detailed analysis of the flow field, providing insights into how flow structures vary when the blade profile is modified. The numerical results further elucidate the effect of blade section profiling on both the performance characteristics of the cascade and the configuration of the secondary flows.
Analysis of social determinants of health on emergency department utilization by gunshot wound survivors after level 1 trauma center discharge
Authors: Campbell Jonelle T , Brandolino Amber , Prom Jessica L , Karra Hamsitha , Danso Nana , Biesboer Elise A , Trevino Colleen M , Cronn Susan E , deRoon-Cassini Terri A , Schroeder Mary E 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThis project analyzed risk factors for emergency department (ED) utilization without readmission within 2 weeks post-discharge for survivors of gun violence.MethodsA hundred gun violence survivors admitted to a Level 1 trauma center were surveyed. Descriptive analyses and group comparisons were conducted between patients who did and did not use the ED. Factors analyzed are rooted in social determinants of health and clinical care related to the index hospitalization.ResultsOf the 100 patients, 31 had an ED visit within 6 weeks, although most (87.1%) returned within 2 weeks of discharge. Factors significantly associated (p≤0.05) with a return ED visit included: not having an identified primary care provider, not having friends or family to count on for help, not having enough money to support themselves before return to work, and not feeling able to read discharge instructions.ConclusionLack of a primary care provider, low health literacy and social support were associated with increased ED visits without readmission post-discharge.Level of EvidenceLevel III, Prognostic and Epidemiological
Data from A Cohort Study to Evaluate Genetic Predictors of Aromatase Inhibitor Musculoskeletal Symptoms: Results from ECOG-ACRIN E1Z11
Authors: Stearns Vered , Jegede Opeyemi A. , Chang Victor T.-S. , Skaar Todd C. , Berenberg Jeffrey L. , Nand Ranveer , Shafqat Atif , Jacobs Nisha L. , Luginbuhl William , Gilman Paul , Benson Al B. , Goodman Judie R. , Buchschacher Gary L. , Henry N. Lynn , Loprinzi Charles L. , Flynn Patrick J. , Mitchell Edith P. , Fisch Michael J. , Sparano Joseph A. , Wagner Lynne I. 
Published: July 2024

<div>AbstractPurpose:<p>Aromatase inhibitor (AI)–associated musculoskeletal symptoms (AIMSS) are common and frequently lead to AI discontinuation. SNPs in candidate genes have been associated with AIMSS and AI discontinuation. E1Z11 is a prospective cohort study designed to validate the association between 10 SNPs and AI discontinuation due to AIMSS.</p>Patients and Methods:<p>Postmenopausal women with stage I to III hormone receptor–positive breast cancer received anastrozole 1 mg daily and completed patient-reported outcome measures to assess AIMSS (Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire) at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. We estimated that 40% of participants would develop AIMSS and 25% would discontinue AI treatment within 12 months. Enrollment of 1,000 women with a fixed number per racial stratum provided 80% power to detect an effect size of 1.5 to 4. SNPs were found in <i>ESR1</i> (rs2234693, rs2347868, and rs9340835), <i>CYP19A1</i> (rs1062033 and rs4646), <i>TCL1A</i> (rs11849538, rs2369049, rs7158782, and rs7159713), and <i>HTR2A</i> (rs2296972).</p>Results:<p>Of the 970 evaluable women, 43% developed AIMSS and 12% discontinued AI therapy within 12 months. Although more Black and Asian women developed AIMSS than White women (49% vs. 39%, <i>P</i> = 0.017; 50% vs. 39%, <i>P</i> = 0.004, respectively), the AI discontinuation rates were similar across groups. None of the SNPs were significantly associated with AIMSS or AI discontinuation in the overall population or in distinct cohorts. The OR for rs2296972 (<i>HTR2A</i>) approached significance for developing AIMSS.</p>Conclusions:<p>We were unable to prospectively validate candidate SNPs previously associated with AI discontinuation due to AIMSS. Future analyses will explore additional genetic markers, patient-reported outcome predictors of AIMSS, and differences by race.</p></div>
Microsatellite Instability, Tumor Mutational Burden, and Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Patients with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Lenis Andrew T. , Ravichandran Vignesh , Brown Samantha , Alam Syed M. , Katims Andrew , Truong Hong , Reisz Peter A. , Vasselman Samantha , Nweji Barbara , Autio Karen A. , Morris Michael J. , Slovin Susan F. , Rathkopf Dana , Danila Daniel , Woo Sungmin , Vargas Hebert A. , Laudone Vincent P. , Ehdaie Behfar , Reuter Victor , Arcila Maria , Berger Michael F. , Viale Agnes , Scher Howard I. , Schultz Nikolaus , Gopalan Anuradha , Donoghue Mark T.A. , Ostrovnaya Irina , Stopsack Konrad H. , Solit David B. , Abida Wassim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Patients with microsatellite instability–high/mismatch repair-deficient (MSI-H/dMMR) and high tumor mutational burden (TMB-H) prostate cancers are candidates for pembrolizumab. We define the genomic features, clinical course, and response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in patients with MSI-H/dMMR and TMB-H prostate cancers without MSI [TMB-H/microsatellite stable (MSS)].

Experimental Design:
We sequenced 3,244 tumors from 2,257 patients with prostate cancer. MSI-H/dMMR prostate cancer was defined as an MSIsensor score ≥10 or MSIsensor score ≥3 and &lt;10 with a deleterious MMR alteration. TMB-H was defined as ≥10 mutations/megabase. PSA50 and RECIST responses were assigned. Overall survival and radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) were compared using log-rank test.

Results:
Sixty-three (2.8%) men had MSI-H/dMMR, and 33 (1.5%) had TMB-H/MSS prostate cancers. Patients with MSI-H/dMMR and TMB-H/MSS tumors more commonly presented with grade group 5 and metastatic disease at diagnosis. MSI-H/dMMR tumors had higher TMB, indel, and neoantigen burden compared with TMB-H/MSS. Twenty-seven patients with MSI-H/dMMR and 8 patients with TMB-H/MSS tumors received ICB, none of whom harbored polymerase epsilon (polE) catalytic subunit mutations. About 45% of patients with MSI-H/dMMR had a RECIST response, and 65% had a PSA50 response. No patient with TMB-H/MSS had a RECIST response, and 50% had a PSA50 response. rPFS tended to be longer in patients with MSI-H/dMMR than in patients with TMB-H/MSS who received immunotherapy. Pronounced differences in genomics, TMB, or MSIsensor score were not detected between MSI-H/dMMR responders and nonresponders.

Conclusions:
MSI-H/dMMR prostate cancers have greater TMB, indel, and neoantigen burden than TMB-H/MSS prostate cancers, and these differences may contribute to profound and durable responses to ICB.
Multiplexed Spatial Profiling of Hodgkin Reed–Sternberg Cell Neighborhoods in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Pourmaleki Maryam , Jones Caitlin J. , Mellinghoff Sabrina D. , Greenstein Brian D. , Kumar Priyadarshini , Foronda Miguel , Navarrete Daniel A. , Campos Carl , Roshal Mikhail , Schultz Nikolaus , Shah Sohrab P. , Schietinger Andrea , Socci Nicholas D. , Hollmann Travis J. , Dogan Ahmet , Mellinghoff Ingo K. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a B-cell lymphoma that occurs primarily in young adults and, less frequently, in elderly individuals. A hallmark of cHL is the exceptional scarcity (1%–5%) of the malignant Hodgkin Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells within a network of nonmalignant immune cells. Molecular determinants governing the relationship between HRS cells and their proximal microenvironment remain largely unknown.

Experimental Design:
We performed spatially resolved multiplexed protein imaging and transcriptomic sequencing to characterize HRS cell states, cellular neighborhoods, and gene expression signatures of 23.6 million cells from 36 newly diagnosed Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-positive and EBV-negative cHL tumors.

Results:
We show that MHC-I expression on HRS cells is associated with immune-inflamed neighborhoods containing CD8+ T cells, MHC-II+ macrophages, and immune checkpoint expression (i.e., PD1 and VISTA). We identified spatial clustering of HRS cells, consistent with the syncytial variant of cHL, and its association with T-cell–excluded neighborhoods in a subset of EBV-negative tumors. Finally, a subset of both EBV-positive and EBV-negative tumors contained regulatory T-cell–high neighborhoods harboring HRS cells with augmented proliferative capacity.

Conclusions:
Our study links HRS cell properties with distinct immunophenotypes and potential immune escape mechanisms in cHL.
Targeting Neuronal GPR65 With Delayed BTB09089 Treatment Improves Neurorehabilitation Following Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Chen Ru , Zhang Meng-Qi , Miao Yu-Lu , Zhang Shu-Han , Cheng Yao , Wang Shao-Shuai , Yin Jing , Yang Cai-Hong , Zhang Hui-Feng , Tang Li , Li Yan , Zhang Yu , Fan Yan-Ying 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:
GPR65 (G protein-coupled receptor 65) can sense extracellular acidic environment to regulate pathophysiological processes. Pretreatment with the GPR65 agonist BTB09089 has been proven to produce neuroprotection in acute ischemic stroke. However, whether delayed BTB09089 treatment and neuronal GPR65 activation promote neurorestoration remains unknown.

METHODS:

Ischemic stroke was induced in wild-type (WT) or GPR65 knockout (GPR65
−/−
) mice by photothrombotic ischemia. Male mice were injected intraperitoneally with BTB09089 every other day at days 3, 7, or 14 poststroke. AAV-Syn-GPR65 (adenoassociated virus-synapsin-GPR65) was utilized to overexpress GPR65 in the peri-infarct cortical neurons of GPR65
−/−
and WT mice. Motor function was monitored by grid-walk and cylinder tests. The neurorestorative effects of BTB09089 were observed by immunohistochemistry, Golgi-Cox staining, and Western blotting.

RESULTS:

BTB09089 significantly promoted motor outcomes in WT but not in GPR65
−/−
mice, even when BTB09089 was delayed for 3 to 7 days. BTB09089 inhibited the activation of microglia and glial scar progression in WT but not in GPR65
−/−
mice. Meanwhile, BTB09089 reduced the decrease in neuronal density in WT mice, but this benefit was abolished in GPR65
−/−
mice and reemerged by overexpressing GPR65 in peri-infarct cortical neurons. Furthermore, BTB09089 increased the GAP43 (growth-associated protein-43) and synaptophysin puncta density, dendritic spine density, dendritic branch length, and dendritic complexity by overexpressing GPR65 in the peri-infarct cortical neurons of GPR65
−/−
mice, which was accompanied by increased levels of p-CREB (phosphorylated cAMP-responsive element-binding protein). In addition, the therapeutic window of BTB09089 was extended to day 14 by overexpressing GPR65 in the peri-infarct cortical neurons of WT mice.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings indicated that delayed BTB09089 treatment improved neurological functional recovery and brain tissue repair poststroke through activating neuronal GRP65. GPR65 overexpression may be a potential strategy to expand the therapeutic time window of GPR65 agonists for neurorehabilitation after ischemic stroke.
On a small collection of Maeridae Krapp-Schickel, 2008 (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from Gujarat, India
Authors: THACKER DIMPLE , MYERS ALAN A. , TRIVEDI JIGNESHKUMAR N. 
Published: July 2024

The present study was based on amphipod specimens collected from the coastal areas of Gujarat state, India. From the collection, four species belonging to the family Maeridae Krapp-Schickel, 2008 were identified. Two species, Ceradomaera plumosa Ledoyer, 1973 and Ceradocus (Denticeradocus) alama Myers & Nithyanandan, 2016 are reported for the first time from Gujarat state and India, respectively. Two more species, Maera gujaratensis sp. nov. and Quadrimaera okha sp. nov. are described as new species. Maera gujaratensis sp. nov. can be differentiated from its closely related congener M. hirondellei Chevreux, 1900 on the basis of shape of male gnathopod 1 coxa and number of setae present on the telson. Quadrimaera okha sp. nov. can be differentiated from its closely related congeners Q. brownorum Hughes, 2015 and Q. caliban (Ruffo, Krapp & Gable, 2000) by the non-lobate anterodistal corner of gnathopod 2 basis, by the shape of the propodus of the male gnathopod 2, and in having a comparatively smaller uropod 3 peduncle to rami ratio.
Genetic and phenotypic diversification in a widespread fish, the Sailfin Molly (Poecilia latipinna)
Authors: Tiedemann Ralph , Riesch Rüdiger , Tomowski Maxi , Havenstein Katja , Schlupp Jan , Berbel-Filho Waldir Miron , Schlupp Ingo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWidespread species often experience significant environmental clines over the area they naturally occupy. We investigated a widespread livebearing fish, the Sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna) combining genetic, life-history, and environmental data, asking how structured populations are. Sailfin mollies can be found in coastal freshwater and brackish habitats from roughly Tampico, Veracruz in Mexico to Wilmington, North Carolina, in the USA. In addition, they are found inland on the Florida peninsula. Using microsatellite DNA, we genotyped 168 individuals from 18 populations covering most of the natural range of the Sailfin molly. We further determined standard life-history parameters for both males and females for these populations. Finally, we measured biotic and abiotic parameters in the field. We found six distinct genetic clusters based on microsatellite data, with very strong indication of isolation by distance. However, we also found significant numbers of migrants between adjacent populations. Despite genetic structuring we did not find evidence of cryptic speciation. The genetic clusters and the migration patterns do not match paleodrainages. Life histories vary between populations but not in a way that is easy to interpret. We suggest a role of humans in migration in the sailfin molly, for example in the form of a ship channel that connects southern Texas with Louisiana which might be a conduit for fish migration.
Postoperative hyperglycemia among adult non-diabetic surgical patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Dejen Eshetu Tesfaye , Workie Misganaw Mengie , Zeleke Tadael Gudayu , Admass Biruk Adie , Melesse Debas Yaregal , Melkie Tadesse Belayneh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Postoperative hyperglycemia is associated with morbidity and mortality in non-diabetic surgical patients. However, there is limited information on the extent and factors associated with postoperative hyperglycemia. This study assessed the magnitude and associated factors of postoperative hyperglycemia among non-diabetic adult patients who underwent elective surgery at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 412 adult patients who underwent elective surgery at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from April 14 to June 30, 2022 All consecutive postoperative non-diabetic elective surgical patients who were admitted to PACU during the data collection period and who fulfilled inclusion criteria were included in the study until the intended minimum sample size was achieved. And data were collected through interviews using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Postoperative hyperglycemia was defined as a blood glucose level of ≥ 140 mg/dl. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify the association between postoperative hyperglycemia and independent variables. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) were considered statistically significant.

Results
A total of 405 patients’ data were evaluated with a response rate of 98.3%. The median (IQR) age was 40 (28-52) years. The prevalence of postoperative hyperglycemia was 34.1% (95% CI: 29.4–39.0). Factors significantly associated with postoperative hyperglycemia included being overweight (AOR = 5.45, 95% CI: 2.46-12.0), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification II and III (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.17–4.79), postoperative low body temperature (AOR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.069–0.48), blood loss ≥ 500 ml (AOR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.27–4.27), long duration of surgery, mild pain (AOR = 5.17, 95% CI: 1.32–20.4), and moderate pain (AOR = 7.63, 95% CI: 1.811–32.20).

Conclusion and recommendation
One-third of the study participants had postoperative hyperglycemia. Weight, ASA classification, postoperative body temperature, duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative pain were identified as a modifiable risk factors. Maintaining normal body temperature throughout the procedure, treating postoperative pain, and monitoring and controlling blood glucose level in patients at risk of hyperglycemia is crucial.