bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in hospitalized children in Shandong, China
Authors: Deng Xia , Wang Shuyun , Hou Peibin , Sun Na , Yang Ying , Zeng Qian , Wang Juan , Wang Chunping , Lv Xin , Zhang Wenqiang , Fan Ruyue 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has emerged as a serious public health problem worldwide, and the data on CRE strains that cause infections in hospitalized children in China remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of CRE in hospitalized children in Shandong, China.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted from August to November 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the broth microdilution method. Carbapenemase genes, drug resistance genes, and plasmid replicon types were detected using multiplex real-time PCR and whole-genome sequencing. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to determine the genetic relationships between strains.
Results
A total of 20 CRE isolates were identified from 432 fecal samples, with a fecal carriage rate of 4.6%. The CRE isolates predominantly consisted of Escherichia coli (E. coli, n = 13) and Klebsiella species (K. pneumonia, n = 5). CRE isolates showed a high resistance rate of 90%-100% to seven β-lactam antibiotics. Resistance rates for other antibiotics such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, and streptomycin were 95%, 85%, 85%, 80%, 75%, 75%, and 75%, respectively. CRE isolates showed low resistance to amikacin (20%), and none of the isolates were resistant to colistin and tigecycline. Additionally, the multidrug resistance rate of CRE isolates was 95%. All CRE strains carried sulfonamide antibiotic and β-lactamase resistance genes, of which the most common β-lactamase resistance genes were blaNDM−1 (n = 9), blaNDM−5 (n = 7) and blaOXA−1 (n = 7). Resistance genes to tetracycline and macrolide antibiotics were also widespread among the strains. The study found that IncFIB and IncFII series plasmids were present in 84% and 42% of the CRE strains, respectively. Additionally, Col, IncFIA, IncC, IncHI2, and IncX series plasmids were also detected. MLST analysis revealed diverse sequence types (STs) among CRE isolates, with ST167 being a common ST among E. coli isolates.
Conclusion
This study revealed blaNDM E. coli were the dominant isolates in fecal samples of hospitalized children in Shandong Province, with a broad multidrug resistance to antibiotics, emphasizing that infection control measures need to be taken to limit the spread of these strains.
Sport Participation Levels Among New York City’s Kids Remain Low Months After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jeong BS Yealeen , Salunga DO Arianne , Karamitopoulos Mara , Carter Cordelia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in decreased sports participation due to social distancing policies and strict return-to-play protocols. This effect has been felt profoundly in New York City, one of the earliest COVID-19 hotspots, even as restrictions have eased. The goal of this study was to characterize sport participation rates in New York City prior to and following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study utilized a retrospective survey on children aged 6-17 with musculoskeletal complaints, assessing sports participation before and after the pandemic. Participants included parents of 242 children (123 males, 119 females) with an average age of 12.5 years ±3.2 years. Even 18 months into the COVID-19 pandemic, significant decreases were observed in gym class (p<0.001), pick-up games/free play (p=0.0027), basketball (p=0.002), and soccer (p<0.0001) in New York City's children, with a pronounced impact on female adolescents in gym class and pick-up level games (p<0.05). Efforts to reverse the decline in sports participation among children post-pandemic are crucial for their overall well-being. These interventions can contribute to lifelong benefits, necessitating attention in clinical settings and public health initiatives.
Sustainable Three-dimensional Printing of Waste Paper-based Functional Materials and Constructs
Authors: Cai Chengcheng , Zhang Pei , Wang Yafei , Tan Yun , Lei Iek Man , Xu Ben Bin , Liu Ji 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

3D printing is a prominent technology across various industrial sectors, and its increasing popularity urgently calls for sustainable 3D printing materials. However, the availability of such materials remains limited. Here, we present a low-cost strategy that harnesses waste papers as a feedstock for developing sustainable 3D printing inks. Our strategy offers remarkable printability and utilizes widely available biodegradable paper wastes to produce 3D printed constructs with satisfactory mechanical properties for common applications and shape stability for servicing at high temperature. Our constructs can be efficiently recycled into inks for reprinting, and our method can be applied to various types of waste papers. By employing multi-material printing, our approach can be extended to produce multi-colored constructs, security information printings and mechanically appealing designs. Our strategy offers an innovative and sustainable solution that addresses the need for repurposing paper wastes, which would otherwise end up in landfills, while concurrently reducing the reliance on virgin plastics for 3D printing.
COVID-19 and embryo implantation: EPSTI1 and SUGT1 participate in the dysregulation of SARS-CoV-2 on endometrial receptivity
Authors: Cheng Xi , Cai Xiting , Wang Hui , Li Biying , Zheng Lu , Ma Jinzhao , Zhou Cheng , Huang Xuan , Jueraitetibaike Kadiliya , Sun Qin , Li Meiling , Feng Yuming , Tang Xu , Zhang Hong , Chen Li , Yao Bing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
To study the potential effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the endometrial receptivity.
Methods
Overlapped differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the endometrium and the throat swabs of female patients with COVID-19 infection vs. women without COVID-19 were integrated. The expression and distribution of prioritized molecules were detected in mid-secretory phase endometrium from patients infected by COVID-19 within 30 days vs. Individuals without the infection. Serum INF-γ, LPS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-1α and IL-6 were detected in female patients infected by COVID-19 within 30 days vs. Individuals without the infection. In vitro decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (T-hESCs) and human choriocarcinoma (BeWo) spheroids adhesion experiments were employed to explore the functions of the potential molecules EPSTI1 and SUGT1. Cytokines of INF-γ, LPS and IL-1β were administrated in T-hESCs and human endometrial adenocarcinoma (Ishikawa) cells, and the expression of EPSTI1 and SUGT were identified.
Results
The systemic disease COVID-19 altered endometrial protein expression during peri-implantation window. Epithelial stromal interaction 1 (EPSTI1), S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 (SUGT1) and RCC1-containing protein 5 (HERC5) were up-regulated in mid-secretory phase endometrium of women infected by COVID-19 within 30 days. EPSTI1 and SUGT1 impaired PRL and IGFBP1 expression stimulated by 8-Br-cAMP and MPA in T-hESCs. SUGT1 decreased the adhesion rate of BeWo spheroids to Ishikawa cells induced by E2 and MPA. Serum INF-γ, LPS, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were elevated in female patients being infected with Covid-19 with mild or moderate symptoms. IL-1β demonstrated a sustained elevation in women infected with COVID-19 within 8–30 days. EPSTI1 was up-regulated by the administration of IL-1β, INF-γ and LPS in shikawa cells and T-hESCs. SUGT1 was up-regulated by the administration of IL-1β and LPS in shikawa cells and T-hESCs.
Conclusions
Endometrial decidualization and embryo adhesion function were negatively influenced by EPSTI1 and SUGT1, which were highly expressed in the mid-secretory endometrium of COVID-19-infected women. The elevation of EPSTI1 and SUGT1 in patients infected with Covid-19 maybe related to the increased cytokines of IL-1β, INF-γ and LPS. Investigating the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and human reproduction may be very helpful in the long run in preventing and controlling COVID-19 and its aftermath.
Dry-Heat Tolerance of Common Tree Species in a Central Chinese City: Responses to Heterogeneous Habitat Characteristics
Authors: Zhang Li , Zhu Wenli , Xing Xiaoyi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Global warming has intensified the occurrence of dry heatwaves, and the heterogeneous urban habitats can influence trees' tolerance to dry-heat conditions, however the specific mechanisms remain unclear. This research investigated the dry-heat tolerance of nine common trees in Wuhan, a central Chinese city facing persistent heatwave threats, and explored the multifactorial influence of urban habitat variations on trees’ dry-heat tolerance. Diverse habitat sites with the sample plots in various spatial scales were established for each tree species. Dry-heat tolerance was evaluated through visual assessment, measuring the degree of leaf damage during a historic dry heatwave event. A significant interspecific difference was observed in trees’ dry-heat tolerance, with Pittosporum tobira exhibiting the highest dry-heat tolerance, while Prunus × yedoensis displayed the lowest, in relevance to the life forms and provenances of species. And the dry-heat tolerance of trees in a specific species varied across various habitats, influenced by surrounding building enclosure and land cover composition. The Degree of Building Enclosure was the most prominent habitat factor, followed by the Percentage of Canopy Coverage and the Percentage of Grove Area, all of which positively affected tree tolerance, in contrast with the Percentage of Impermeable Surface showing a negative effect. In addition, the scale effect was evident, that the 50m and 100m range were identified as the most effective spatial scale of campus habitats affecting trees’ dry-heat tolerance, especially for the species with weaker tolerance. The findings can support the selection of tree species and optimization of artificial habitats to enhance the heatwave resilience of urban vegetation in central Chinese cities.
Application Of Herrmann's Brain Quadrant Model and its Relationship with Learning Styles in Anesthesiology Residents
Authors: Ortega-Barreiro Angélica , Almanzor-Gasca Perla Angélica , Gonzalez-Ojeda Alejandro , Torres-Gómez Athziri Guadalupe , Vázquez-Sánchez Sergio Jiram , González-Muñoz Samantha Emily , García Andrea , Luna Ana Guadalupe Sánchez , Meza Kathia Dayana Morfín , Cervantes-Guevara Gabino , Cervantes-Pérez Enrique , Ramírez-Ochoa Sol , Cardiel Maria Guadalupe Castillo , Cortés-Flores Ana Olivia , Chavez-Tostado Mariana , Fuentes-Orozco Clotilde 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: In the field of medicine, the ability to learn and adapt to clinical demands is essential in the training of residents. The Herrmann Brain Model categorizes thinking styles based on the preference for utilizing brain quadrants, serving as an applied tool for residents to assess their learning preferences.
Objective: This study aims to delineate the learning styles according to Herrmann's brain quadrant model among anesthesiology residents at the Hospital de Especialidades de Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. Anesthesiology residents were enrolled, and the Herrmann Brain Dominance Test was administered. Each brain quadrant embodies distinct characteristics, thinking patterns, and approaches to knowledge acquisition. The test comprises 120 multiple-choice items on academic, daily, and professional scenarios. The quadrants are described as follows: LC "Scientific Expert," LL "Organizer-Introvert," RC "Interpersonal Strategist," RL "Imaginative Communicator."
Results: Twenty-seven residents participated, with an average age of 28.4 ± 1.4 years (12 [44.4%] female and 15 [55.5%] male). According to the dominance test, the predominant cerebral hemisphere was quadrant LC in 8 residents (29.6%), 6 with LC/RC (22.2%), 6 with LC/LL (22.2%), 3 with CD (11.1%), 2 with LL (7.4%), and 1 with LL/RC (3.7%). One case exhibited no dominance, represented graphically as "None" (3.7%).
Conclusion: Utilizing this model among residents revealed that the left cortical quadrant, designated as the "scientific expert," exhibited the highest dominance. A logical, analytical, and rational personality characterizes this quadrant.
How long does it take to start minimal enteral feeding in preterm Neonates admitted to NICUs in Southern Oromia, Ethiopia?
Authors: Fikrie Anteneh , Yambo Terefu , Edin Alo , Gelchu Miesa , Hailu Dejene , Spigt Mark 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The timely initiation of trophic feeding (TF) is crucial for premature newborns, but challenging due to immaturity, respiratory instability, abdominal distension, resource scarcity, and healthcare worker expertise. Moreover, there is a dearth of information on predictors of full trophic feeding time. Therefore, this retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the time it takes and its predictors to initiate minimal enteral feeding in preterm neonates in Southern Oromia.
Method
A facility-based retrospective follow up study was conducted among 434 randomly selected preterm neonates admitted to NICU of Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital and Yabello General Hospital from January 1, 2021-December 30, 2022. Data were extracted by a pretested structured checklist, entered into Epidata 3.1 and then transferred to Stata version 17 for analysis. Kaplan Meier survival curve and log rank test were used to estimate survival time and a statistical comparison respectively. Bivariable and multivariable cox proportional hazard model was fitted to identify predictors of time to initiate TF and their outputs are presented using Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs).
Result
In our study, the overall incidence density rate (IDR) of initiation of TF was 43.6 per 100 neonates-days of follow-up with a median time to start TF of 2 days and also only 21.93% of newborns started TF on the first day of observation. Furthermore, Neonates born vaginally (AHR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.13), GA of 32 < 34 weeks (AHR: 0.61, CI: 0.46, 0.81), VLBW (AHR = 0.45, CI: (0.34, 0.60), absence of KMC (AHR: 0.59, CI: 0.46, 0.79), absence of sepsis (AHR: 1.76, CI: 1.36, 2.28), absence of hypothermia (AHR: 1.51, CI: 1.19, 1.93) and secondary level of hospital (AHR: 0.78, CI: 0.62, 0.99) were associated with initiation of TF.
Conclusion
We observed a significant low rate of TF initiation and higher death rate of preterm newborn in our study as compared to the global. Preterm neonates with lower GA, no KMC, and a VLBW are more likely to have a delayed initiation. Our results highlight that, staff training on identifying neonates suitable for TF, and ensuring adequate resources for KMC in all NICU levels should be considered. Moreover, further studies are required to validate these findings and determine the influence on clinical outcomes.
A short-term immersive auditory-cognitive training improves speech in noise perception in older adults with varying hearing acuity and working memory capacity
Authors: Frei Vanessa , Giroud Nathalie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Ageing is associated with elevated pure-tone thresholds, accompanied by increased difficulties in understanding speech-in-noise. While amplification provides important, but insufficient support, auditory-cognitive training (ACT) might provide support. However, generalized effects have been scarce, highlighting the necessity of training designs targeting the improvement of real-world listening. We addressed this issue by designing a short-term ACT in a purely auditory- and a virtual multisensory environment, targeting the integration of sensory and cognitive processing of natural speech. 40 healthy older participants with varying hearing- and cognitive capacities were exposed to both training (cross-over design), while speech-in-noise perception was measured before and after each session. Immersive ACT exposure resulted in increased speech-in-noise perception, particularly for individuals with more pronounced hearing-loss or reduced auditory working memory capacity. These results demonstrate that training the integration of sensory and cognitive demand, particularly in a multisensory environment, has the potential to improve real-world listening.
Application of Hybrid CNN-Transformer for Classifying Major Coal Mine Accident Hazards
Authors: TU QIANG , Yue Liang , Zong Yijiang , Li Zequan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Most coal mining enterprises in China have established and use safety production information systems for hazard identification and management, but related accident hazard data have not been fully utilized. This study is based on the classification standards defined by the "Coal Mine Major Accident Hazard Determination Standards" implemented by the Ministry of Emergency Management in 2021. We constructed a classification system including 15 major hazard categories and 79 minor hazard categories, which served as sample labels for major coal mine accident hazards. The Hybrid CNN-Transformer model was used to perform hierarchical text classification on the coal mine major accident hazard data, with the BERT model used as a baseline for comparison. The results show that in the major hazard category classification experiments, the Hybrid CNN-Transformer model outperformed the BERT model by 3 percentage points in terms of accuracy, recall, and F1 score. In the minor hazard category classification experiments, the Hybrid CNN-Transformer model achieved a maximum classification performance of 98%, generally exceeding the BERT model. The coal mine accident hazard classification algorithm based on the Hybrid CNN-Transformer model demonstrates significant classification effectiveness, providing efficient and rapid input support for coal mine major accident hazard identification systems.
Estrogen Administration Enhances the Adverse Effects of Cigarette Smoking on the Heart in Cycling Female Mice
Authors: Abidi Emna , Diab Reine , Zahreddine Rana , Kaplan Abdullah , Booz George W. , Zouein Fouad A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Smoking, particularly chronic smoking (CS), is a threat to global health, contributing to increased mortality and morbidity associated with cardiovascular disease (CVDs). CS induces oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, which has a profound impact on cardiac structure and function. While the protective effects of estrogen, particularly 17β-estradiol (E2), on cardiovascular health are well-documented in premenopausal women, the interaction between estrogen and CS remains poorly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of chronic cigarette smoking on cardiac health in relation to ethinylestradiol (EE) oral contraceptive (OC) usage in premenopausal females. Female mice were exposed to chronic cigarette smoke and co-administered EE. Cardiac structural and functional parameters were assessed alongside inflammatory markers, oxidative stress indicators, and histological changes. Results revealed that the combination of EE and CS led to adverse cardiac remodeling characterized by increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume, decreased fractional shortening, and elevated left ventricular mass. Comparisons to both ovariectomized females and male mice indicate a singular influence of EE on cardiac contractility with CS. In addition, an inflammatory state was evident, marked by increased expression of IL-4, IL-1β, IL-13, IL-10, and PARP-1, as well as increased interstitial collagen deposition. These findings suggest a progression towards adverse cardiac remodeling resembling dilated cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, our observations highlight the complexity of the inflammatory response triggered by smoking, potentially exacerbated by estrogen supplementation. The main finding of this study is that the combination of CS and EE enhanced adverse cardiac remodeling, which was shown structurally, histologically, and biochemically.
Chili cultivars Vulnerability: A multi-factorial examination of disease and pest-induced yield decline across different growing microclimates and watering regimens
Authors: Kusumiyati Kusumiyati , Ahmad Farhan , Soleh Mochamad Arief , Khan Muhammad Rabnawaz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
As identified by the research, it is imperative to develop effective ways to address the pressing problem of disease and pest susceptibility in chili agriculture and secure sustainable crop yield. The research examines the impact of various growing microclimates, watering regimens, and chili cultivars on disease incidence, pest attacks, and yield loss.
Results
The study, which took place over a season, used a randomized complete block design to evaluate how well Tanjung, Unpad, and Osaka cultivars performed in four different watering regimens (100, 75, 50, and 25% ETc) and different microclimates (greenhouse, rain shelter, screen house, and open field). The findings exhibited that watering regimens and microclimates greatly influenced disease and pest occurrence, but cultivars had a minimal effect on these variables. Disease and pest attack rates were highest in the open field and lowest in the screen house. A correlation was found between lower disease and pest incidence and optimal irrigation levels (75% and 100% ETc). At lower watering regimens of 25% ETc and in the open field, yield loss was the greatest.
Conclusion
The results emphasize how crucial controlled environments and appropriate irrigation techniques are to reducing crop loss and increasing production. Enhancing watering regimens and implementing screen house cultivation are two strategies for improving the productivity and sustainability of chili output.
Beyond Traditional Prognostics: Integrating RAG-Enhanced AtlasGPT and ChatGPT 4.0 into Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Outcome Prediction
Authors: Basaran Alim Emre , Güresir Agi , Knoch Hanna , Vychopen Martin , Güresir Erdem , Wach Johannes 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
To assess the predictive accuracy of advanced AI language models and established clinical scales in prognosticating outcomes for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 82 patients suffering from aSAH. We evaluated the predictive efficacy of AtlasGPT and ChatGPT 4.0 by examining the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and Youden's Index, in comparison to established clinical grading scales such as the World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) scale, Simplified Endovascular Brain Edema Score (SEBES), and Fisher scale. This assessment focused on four endpoints: in-hospital mortality, need for decompressive hemicraniectomy, and functional outcomes at discharge and after 6-month follow-up.
Results
In-hospital mortality occurred in 22% of the cohort, and 34.1% required decompressive hemicraniectomy during treatment. At hospital discharge, 28% of patients exhibited a favorable outcome (mRS ≤ 2), which improved to 46.9% at the 6-month follow-up. Prognostication utilizing the WFNS grading scale for 30-day in-hospital survival revealed an AUC of 0.72 with 59.4% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity. AtlasGPT provided the highest diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70–0.91) for predicting the need for decompressive hemicraniectomy, with 82.1% sensitivity and 77.8% specificity. Similarly, for discharge outcomes, the WFNS score and AtlasGPT demonstrated high prognostic values with AUCs of 0.74 and 0.75, respectively. Long-term functional outcome predictions were best indicated by the WFNS scale, with an AUC of 0.76.
Conclusions
The study demonstrates the potential of integrating AI models such as AtlasGPT with clinical scales to enhance outcome prediction in aSAH patients. While established scales like WFNS remain reliable, AI language models show promise, particularly in predicting the necessity for surgical intervention and short-term functional outcomes.