bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a Combination of Intralaminar and Pedicular Screw Constructs for Enhancement of Spinal Stability and Maintenance of Correction in Patients With Sagittal Imbalance
Authors: Inanmaz Mustafa E. , Kose Kamil C. , Atmaca Halil , Ozkan Arif , Isik Cengiz , Basar Hakan 
Published: December 2013

Study Design:
Case series and finite element analysis.

Objective:
To report the clinical results of using intralaminar screw-rod (ILS) constructs as supplements to regular pedicle screw (PS) constructs in “high risk for implant failure” patients and to report the results of a finite element analysis (FEA) of this new instrumentation technique.

Summary of Background Data:
Despite advances in surgery and implantation techniques, osteoporosis, obesity, revision surgeries, and neuromuscular conditions (such as the Parkinson disease) are challenges against achieving solid arthrodesis and maintaining correction. Additional fixation strategies must be considered in these patients. There is only one study in the literature suggesting that ILS can be used as alternative anchor points and/or to increase fixation strength in conjunction with the PSs.

Materials and Methods:
Five patients (3 male and 2 female) with mechanical comorbidities underwent PS+ILS to treat sagittal imbalance. In radiologic analysis, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and sagittal vertical axis were analyzed. FEA of ILS augmentation technique were carried out.
Four different models were created: (1) the full-construct model with ILS+PS 2 levels above and below the osteotomy of T10; (2) only PS 2 levels above and below T10; (3) ILS+PS 1 level above and below the osteotomy; and (4) short-segment PS with only PSs 1 level above and below the osteotomy. The stress/load distributions on the implants in vertebrae were analyzed.

Results:
The mean age of the patients included in this study was 41 years and the mean follow-up was 28.2 months. A total of 87 PSs and 39 ILSs were used. Both sagittal vertical axis and kyphosis angles showed significant improvements maintained at the latest follow-up. No pseudarthrosis or instrumentation failures were observed. FEA indicated that addition of ILS construct to a PS construct enabled decreased load bearing and increased implant life.

Conclusions:
Addition of an ILS construct to PS construct decreases osteotomy line deformation and reduces stress on pedicle fixation points, and the combination improves fixation stability over the conventional PS-rod technique.
Predictors of Depression in Youth With Crohn Disease
Authors: Clark Jeffrey G. , Srinath Arvind I. , Youk Ada O. , Kirshner Margaret A. , McCarthy F. Nicole , Keljo David J. , Bousvaros Athos , DeMaso David R. , Szigethy Eva M. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTObjective:The aim of the study was to determine whether infliximab use and other potential predictors are associated with decreased prevalence and severity of depression in pediatric patients with Crohn disease (CD).Methods:A total of 550 (n = 550) youth ages 9 to 17 years with biopsy‐confirmed CD were consecutively recruited as part of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Out of the 550, 499 patients met study criteria and were included in the analysis. At recruitment, each subject and a parent completed the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). A child or parent CDI score ≥ 12 was used to denote clinically significant depressive symptoms (CSDS). Child and parent CDI scores were summed to form total CDI (CDIT). Infliximab use, demographic information, steroid use, laboratory values, and Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) were collected as the potential predictors of depression. Univariate regression models were constructed to determine the relations among predictors, CSDS, and CDIT. Stepwise multivariate regression models were constructed to predict the relation between infliximab use and depression while controlling for other predictors of depression.Results:Infliximab use was not associated with a decreased proportion of CSDS and CDIT after adjusting for multiple comparisons. CSDS and CDIT were positively associated with PCDAI, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and steroid dose (P < 0.01) and negatively associated with socioeconomic status (SES) (P < 0.001). In multivariate models, PCDAI and SES were the strongest predictors of depression.Conclusions:Disease activity and SES are significant predictors of depression in youth with Crohn disease.
Consistent resource base of a foreign subsidiary's greenfield expansion
Authors: Pehrsson Anders , Pehrsson Tobias 
Published: December 2013

Purpose– The purpose is to extend the understanding of the resource base of the industrial firm's greenfield expansion on a foreign country market once a wholly owned subsidiary has been established.Design/methodology/approach– A conceptual framework is developed relying on the resource-based theory of strategy. Resource bases in terms of value-adding activities of four Swedish industrial firms' subsidiaries in the USA are analysed. Four theoretical propositions are formulated regarding consistent associations among the activities and contingencies that are relevant to expansion on a foreign country market.Findings– The propositions show how foreign subsidiaries' value-adding activities are aligned with two contingencies: the corporate strategy manifested by the product/market knowledge transferred from the parent firm that enable local expansion and the subsidiary's knowledge of competition barriers that obstruct local expansion. The value-adding activity may be basic or advanced and may repeat the parent firm's activity.Research limitations/implications– US subsidiaries of four Swedish industrial firms were analysed. The propositions may be turned into hypotheses suitable for tests in statistical studies. A test may include firms from different home countries and subsidiaries on different host country markets.Practical implications– The conceptual framework and the propositions provide a ground for an industrial firm's decision to conduct a strategy of greenfield expansion on a foreign country market once a wholly owned subsidiary has been established.Originality/value– The framework is unique and emphasizes that both knowledge stemming from corporate strategy and knowledge of local competition need to be acknowledged in order to understand firm's greenfield expansion on a foreign country market.
Top management's perception of knowledge management in a vocational education and training organization in Finland
Authors: Syysnummi Pirjo , Laihonen Harri 
Published: December 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to report top management's view of knowledge management in an educational organization. The paper also recognizes the main knowledge-based development areas. The aim of this paper is to bridge a knowledge gap regarding managerial processes that support teachers in their diverse knowledge tasks; gathering, creating, sharing and explicating knowledge.Design/methodology/approach– A qualitative case approach was applied to uncover the knowledge processes of a vocational education organization in Finland. The empirical data were gathered in two phases. First, the existing knowledge needs of management team members were mapped by an e-mail enquiry. Second, a group interview was held with the same management team. Interview themes were derived from the literature and from the first empirical phase. The interview data are discussed and analyzed in light of the knowledge-based management literature.Findings– The results of the study indicate that knowledge management is so closely related to education organizations’ value creation processes that it should be considered an essential part of modern educational management. Based on this notion the paper argues that more emphasis is needed especially on mastering knowledge that relates to the education function and the creation of enabling knowledge structures that support this function.Practical implications– The paper provides practitioners with a basic understanding about the existing knowledge-based management processes in education organizations. It also turns the focus onto knowledge usage instead of mere information provision. Furthermore, the paper provides a basis for a systematic modeling and development of knowledge integration and coordination in educational organizations.Originality/value– The paper links knowledge management activities to the value creation processes of education services. Whereas the existing educational management literature seems to consider knowledge management mainly as a support function, the discussion presented here makes it the main focus and argues that for knowledge-intensive education organizations it should form an essential part of their strategic management.
Walking out the door: casualisation and implementing Moodle
Authors: Cahir Jayde , McNeill Margot , Bosanquet Agnes , Jacenyik-Trawöger Christa 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– Many universities are in the process of changing their learning management systems to Moodle yet there is limited empirical research available on the impact of this change. The purpose of this paper is to explore the results of an initial pilot, which was conducted as the first stage of implementing Moodle at an Australian university.

Design/methodology/approach
– The pilot study involved an online survey and a focus group with unit convenors teaching Open University Australia (OUA) units in Moodle.

Findings
– The aim was to essentially test Moodle and eliminate any technological issues prior to the university-wide roll-out the following year. It was envisaged that this pilot would contribute to building capability and knowledge amongst staff members; however, it was unanticipated that this would be jeopardised by a wider and ongoing issue in higher education; namely, the casualisation of the academic workforce. The paper maps the accumulated knowledge of these unit convenors and how this knowledge is “walking out the door”.

Originality/value
– The paper argues that an environment of insecure employment is a barrier to change management.
Optimising pathways for an organisational change management programme
Authors: Cocks Graeme 
Published: December 2013

Purpose
– The paper builds on a four-year empirical study of 11 of Australia's high-performance organisations that identified their key characteristics for success. Following widespread interest in this study, the author has been challenged by industry practitioners to develop a methodology that would allow them to assess their organisation's performance against that of the winning organisations in the original study. The purpose of this paper is to describe the methodology and summarise techniques to analyse and map the data. It also discusses how the findings should generate more effective change management programmes.

Design/methodology/approach
– A questionnaire focusing on 90 critical success factors has been integrated into an online diagnostic system for use at all levels of the organisation. Both qualitative and quantitative responses can be collected and decision makers can choose several reporting formats to summarise the data.

Findings
– Effective methods to design the assessment projects and customise the diagnostic tools for organisations from several industries have been developed. Some initial trials and preliminary trends from the diagnostics are now beginning to emerge. These demonstrate the benefits of defining opportunity gaps which can be estimated based on feedback on both performance and importance criteria.

Originality/value
– This innovative approach to benchmarking against a proven and practical model for business excellence provides robust and clear operational and strategic opportunities for business improvement. These opportunities form the basis for a strategic change management plan that is more focused and relevant to the unique challenges facing the enterprise.
Process measures: a leadership tool for management
Authors: M. Becker Craig , A. Glascoff Mary 
Published: December 2013

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to encourage the use of ongoing process-based measurement methods, specifically, control charts, as a process measurement tool to guide leadership improvement efforts. The work of Deming will be highlighted while providing a review of measurement methods.Design/methodology/approach– Organizational leadership requires inspiring people and creating an environment so everyone can contribute toward the success of the organization. To accomplish this, a leader needs appropriate, real-time information about how to adjust the current situation. Rather than waiting for something to go wrong and then attempting to fix the situation or tamper with the process, management should use process measures to guide improvement efforts.Findings– Real-time process measures guide improvement efforts by the workers and management because it enables them to pay attention to the process while simultaneously performing it. Traditional improvement methods often lead to worse results because they use retrospective data that encourages process manipulation.Originality/value– Process measures enable the workers and management to better understand the process, its capacity, and how the process can be improved.
New Early Cretaceous Pterosaur‐Bird Track Assemblage from Xinjiang, China: Palaeoethology and Palaeoenvironment
Authors: HE Qing , XING Lida , ZHANG Jianping , LOCKLEY Martin G. , KLEIN Hendrik , PERSONS W. Scott , QI Liqi , JIA Chengkai 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA pterosaur‐bird track assemblage from a sandstone‐siltstone‐mudstone sequence of the Lower Cretaceous Tugulu Group of Xinjiang comprises the first pterosaur track record from this province and the largest specimen thus far known from China. The pterosaur tracks are assigned to the ichnogenus Pteraichnus based on the triangular overall‐shape, the four elongate digit traces and the robust manual digit trace III. Supposed trackmakers were dsungaripterid pterodactyloids whose skeletal remains are well known from the Tugulu Group. The bird tracks that occur on the same surface, are those of typical shorebirds, known from different other localities in southeast Asia. The congruence with Koreanaornis dodsoni described from the same stratigraphic level justifies an assignment to this ichnospecies. This is a further evidence of the co‐occurrence of pterosaurs and birds in a typical lakeshore environment with possible seasonal alteration of water supply and aerial exposure indicated by wave ripples, mudcracks and repeated cycles of coarse to fine sediment. Pterosaurs and birds frequented the shoreline and may have fed also on the numerous invertebrates such as the Scoyenia tracemaker that left abundant burrows.
Two New Wasps (Hymenoptera: Stephanoidea: Ephialtitidae) from the Middle Jurassic of China
Authors: LI Longfeng , SHIH Chungkun , REN Dong 
Published: December 2013

AbstractTwo new species of wasps belonging to the family Ephialtitidae, Praeproapocritus flexus sp. nov. and Proapocritus parallelus sp. nov., from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of southeastern Inner Mongolia, China, are described and illustrated. Praeproapocritus vulgates Rasnitsyn & Zhang, 2010 and six species of Proapocritus, P. densipediculus, P. sculptus, P. longantennatus, P. formosus, P. atropus, and P. elegans, all described by Rasnitsyn and Zhang in 2010, are first record from the Middle Jurassic of China. These two new findings supplement the morphological understanding of ephialtitids in the Middle Jurassic of China and broaden the diversity of ephialtitids in their by‐gone ecosystems.
New Genus and Species of Rhyacophilidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Middle Jurassic of China
Authors: GAO Yan , YAO Yunzhi , REN Dong 
Published: December 2013

AbstractOne new genus with a new fossil species, Declinimodus setulosus gen. et sp. nov. which was found in the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China, are described and illustrated. The new species is assigned to the Rhyacophilidae according to button‐shaped of the 2nd segment of maxillary palp, and the forked R1 (in the forewing, located near apex). These new discovery are the earliest fossil records of Rhyacophilidae, which providing important evident for the study of the origin and early evolution of Trichoptera.
Qingbaikouan and Crygenian in South China: Constraints by SHRIMP Zircon U‐Pb dating
Authors: GAO Linzhi , DING Xiaozhong , YIN Chongyu , ZHANG Chuanheng , ETTENSOHN Frank R. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe Qingbaikouan System is the lowest unit of the Neoproterozoic Erathem in Chinese stratigraphic succession, and it now provides a precise geochronological framework and geological time scale for mapping and stratal correlation in China. However, a sensitive high‐resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U‐Pb zircon age date (1368±12 Ma) obtained from a bentonite in the Qingbaikouan Xiamaling Formation indicates that it belongs to the Mesoproterozoic Erathem instead. This change is a milestone in understanding the Precambrian Stratigraphic Time Scale in China, and it has had great influence on Precambrian correlations in Asia. Otherwise, a large amount of geochronological work has been done in the “Jiangnan Orogen Belt” of South China, and new isotopic data have redefined the traditional recognition of metamorphosed Mesoproterozoic strata from the Sibao orogeny to the Neoproterozoic Erathem. Based on SHRIMP zircon U‐Pb age data, the authors regard the Sibao orogeny (equal to the Willing orogeny) as a movement at ca 820 Ma, meaning that the Sibao orogeny was not equivalent to the Grenvillian orogeny. Finally, we report here the first SHRIMP U‐Pb age of the boundary between the top of the Qingbaikouan Gongdong Formation (786.8±5.6 Ma) and the bottom of the Chang'an (diamictite) Formation (778.4±5.2 Ma), which is the age of the lowest diamictite of the Nanhuan System in China.
Geochronological Records of Oil‐Gas Accumulations in the Permian Reservoirs of the Northeastern Ordos Basin
Authors: CHEN Gang , YANG Fu , LI Shuheng , ZHANG Huiruo , HU Yanxu , LEI Panpan 
Published: December 2013

AbstractGeochronology of oil‐gas accumulation (OGA) is a challenging subject of petroleum geology in multi‐cycle superimposed basins. By K‐Ar dating of authigenic illite (AI) and fluid inclusion (FI) analysis combined with apatite fission track (AFT) thermal modeling, a case study of constraining the OGA times of the Permian reservoirs in northeast Ordos basin (NOB) has been conducted in this paper. AI dating of the Permian oil‐gas‐bearing sandstone core‐samples shows a wide time domain of 178–108 Ma. The distribution of the AI ages presents 2‐stage primary OGA processes in the Permian reservoirs, which developed in the time domains of 175–155 Ma and 145–115 Ma with 2‐peak ages of 165 Ma and 130 Ma, respectively. The FI temperature peaks of the samples and their projected ages on the AFT thermal path not only present two groups with a low and a high peak temperatures in ranges of 90–78°C and 125–118°C, respectively corresponding to 2‐stage primary OGA processes of 162–153 Ma and 140–128 Ma in the Permian reservoirs, but also appear a medium temperature group with the peak of 98°C in agreement with a secondary OGA process of c.∼30 Ma in the Upper Permian reservoirs. The integrated analysis of the AI and FI ages and the tectono‐thermal evolution reveals that the Permian reservoirs in the NOB experienced at least 2‐stage primary OGA processes of 165–153 Ma and 140–128 Ma in agreement with the subsidence thermal process of the Mid‐Early Jurassic and the tectono‐thermal event of the Early Cretaceous. Then, the Upper Permian reservoirs further experienced at least 1‐stage secondary OGA process of c.∼30 Ma in coincidence with a critical tectonic conversion between the slow and the rapid uplift processes from the Late Cretaceous to Neogene.
Geochemical Characteristics of Eolian Deposits in the Chengdu Plain of Sichuan Province and the Implications for Provenance
Authors: TAN Yuanlong , QIAO Yansong , ZHAO Zhizhong , WANG Yan , QI Lin , FU Jianli , LIU Zongxiu , YAO Haitao , WANG Shubing , JIANG Fuchu 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn this study Chengdu Red Earth (CRE) from the Chengdu Plain (CP), Sichuan province, was analyzed for its elemental (major and trace elements) and isotopic (Sm‐Nd) geochemistry and compared with Pleistocene loess and paleosol samples from the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) in Northern China. The geochemical composition of CRE is similar to north China loess, and also resembles the average UCC. This indicates that CRE, as loess deposits in Northern China, was derived from well‐mixed sedimentary protoliths that have undergone numerous upper crustal recycling processes. However, obvious differences in the geochemical characteristics of CRE and the north China loess are also revealed in our results. For chemically stable elements, CRE has higher Ti, Zr, Hf and lower σREE, Ba contents in comparison with loess samples from the CLP. Further analysis shows that CRE has higher TiO2/Al2O3, SiO2/Al2O3, Ba/Rb and lower Ce/Yb, Eu/Yb, LaN/YbN and σLREE/σHREE ratios. In Sm‐Nd isotopic geochemistry, Sm and Nd content and the εNd(0) value in CRE are significantly higher than those in north China loess. The higher TiO2 content in CRE coincided with a high background concentration of Ti in the Sichuan Basin and the surrounding regions. The lower σREE and higher Sm, Nd, σNd(0) values are related to the wide distribution of basalt in the southwest Sichuan Basin. The elemental and isotopic geochemistry of CRE indicates that eolian materials in the CP predominantly come from the Sichuan Basin and the surrounding regions, which differs from loess deposits in the CLP.
Characteristics of the Submarine Topography and its Profile Type of the Coast of China
Authors: CAO Chao , CAI Feng , LI Yan , ZHENG Yongling , WU Chenqiang , LU Huiquan , BAO Jingjing , XU Yan 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBased on the latest submarine topography data of the China 908 Project (China offshore marine environmental comprehensive investigation and assessment), we analyzed the general China offshore submarine topographical characteristics and the factors influencing its development. The submarine topography off the coast of China follows the NW‐SE trend of the land topography. The gradient of the submarine topography ranges from 0.2% to 1.6% with an average gradient of about 0.8%. The depth contours run mostly parallel to the coast, and extend out to sea in estuary areas. The submarine topography is dominated by the geological structure, which shows the typical characteristics of two uplifts and two subsidence events from north to south. The geological structure combined with the different sedimentary environments and complex hydrodynamic conditions produced topography that can be characterized by three types: sedimentary basins, compression‐uplift, and transition form. In the sedimentary basin and compression‐uplift regions, the topographical undulation is small, sediments are fine‐grained, and the currents flow in a single direction, leading to bays with sedimentary plains and underwater accumulation slopes, which are of the same tectonic origin. Transition‐type topography is characterized by strong undulations and mixed‐size sediment particles, terraces and scarps inshore and shelf plains and erosion‐deposition landforms offshore. This is a result of incomplete fault block development and repeated transgressions. In the deposition reformation regions (transition form type), the topography has strong undulations, the sediments are coarse, tidal sand ridges are well‐developed at terrigenous‐supplied estuaries and convergence zones, and the Holocene sediments are thick, transformed by tides, river runoff, and currents.