bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined petrosal approach for resection of petroclival meningioma
Authors: Asaoka Katsuyuki , Terasaka Shunsuke 
Published: January 2014

The authors demonstrate a step-by-step surgical technique of the combined petrosal approach for resection of petroclival meningioma. The basic concept of this approach is the combination of the anterior– and posterior–petrosal approaches uniting the infra- and supratentorial surgical fields, thereby providing wide surgical exposure. Our techniques are featured by 1) mastoidectomy preceding craniotomy for minimal bone loss; 2) removal of the tentorium over the tumor for achieving devascularization and wide exposure; 3) water-tight dural closure by using autologous fascia graft, non-penetrating titanium clips, and multi-layered technique for avoiding postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/zMlNE8kMcHA.
Translabyrinthine resection of small intracanalicular acoustic tumor
Authors: Karampelas Ioannis , Wick Cameron , Semaan Maroun , Megerian Cliff A. , Bambakidis Nicholas C. 
Published: January 2014

This case is an example of a translabyrinthine resection of a small intracanalicular acoustic tumor. The patient is a 69-year-old right-handed woman with complaints of progressive incapacitating vertigo and right-sided hearing loss worsening over the past 3 years. She had normal facial nerve function with imaging demonstrating progressive increase in size of a small right-sided acoustic tumor. A translabyrinthine approach was performed, and the mass was resected completely. Facial nerve function remained normal immediately after surgery.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/27ARlLLSbKE.
Left-sided retrosigmoid craniotomy for the resection of a vestibular schwannoma
Authors: Amenta Peter S. , Morcos Jacques J. 
Published: January 2014

The cerebellopontine angle is the site for a wide-range of neoplastic and vascular pathologies. The retrosigmoid craniotomy remains the primary means by which to gain surgical access to this anatomically complex region. We present our standard technique for the completion of a retrosigmoid craniotomy and the resection of a left-sided vestibular schwannoma. Anatomy pertinent to the approach, including, the transverse and sigmoid sinuses, cranial nerves, and internal auditory canal (IAC) is displayed. Special emphasis is placed on patient positioning, adequate bone removal, and tumor resection. The drilling of the IAC and tumor dissection from the VII-VIII complex is also highlighted. Hearing preservation was achieved.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/FFZju5vcBi0.
Retrosigmoid craniotomy for resection of acoustic neuroma with hearing preservation: a video publication
Authors: Forbes Jonathan A. , Carlson Matthew L. , Godil Saniya S. , Bennett Marc L. , Wanna George B. , Weaver Kyle D. 
Published: January 2014

In this publication, video format is utilized to review the operative technique of retrosigmoid craniotomy for resection of acoustic neuroma with attempted hearing preservation. Steps of the operative procedure are reviewed and salient principles and technical nuances useful in minimizing complications and maximizing efficacy are discussed.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/PBE5rQ7B0Ls.
Left retrosigmoid craniotomy for cavernous malformation of the middle cerebellar peduncle
Authors: Russin Jonathan , Fusco David J. , Spetzler Robert F. 
Published: January 2014

We present a 25-year-old female with a history of multiple intracranial cavernous malformations complaining of vertigo. Imaging is significant for increasing size of a lesion in her left cerebellar peduncle. Given the proximity to the lateral border of the cerebellar peduncle, a retrosigmoid approach was chosen. After performing a craniotomy that exposed the transverse-sigmoid sinus junction, the dura was open and reflected. The arachnoid was sharply opened and cerebrospinal fluid was aspirated to allow the cerebellum to fall away from the petrous bone. The cerebellopontine fissure was then opened to visualize the lateral wall of the cerebellar peduncle. The cavernous malformation was entered and resected.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/P7mpVbaCiJE.
Retrosigmoid approach for resection of petrous apex meningioma
Authors: de Souza Daniel G. , Ditzel Filho Leo F. S. , Makonnen Girma , Zoli Matteo , Naudy Cristian , Muto Jun , Prevedello Daniel M. 
Published: January 2014

We present the case of a 50-year-old female with a 1-year history of right-side facial numbness, as well as an electric shock-like sensation on the right-side of the face and tongue. She was previously diagnosed with vertigo and trigeminal neuralgia. MRI was obtained showing a large right cerebellopontine angle mass. A retrosigmoid approach was performed and total removal was achieved after dissection of tumor from brainstem and cranial nerves IV, V, VI, VII and VIII. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of a meningioma (WHO Grade I). The patient was discharged neurologically intact on the third postoperative day free of complications.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/-tR0FtMiUDg.
Cochlear implant placement: round window approach
Authors: Backous Douglas D. 
Published: January 2014

The indications for cochlear implantation continue to extend to patients with increased levels of residual hearing. Single-sided deafness and tinnitus are currently under various clinical trials as even further expansion of the application of cochlear implant device and programming technology is underway. This video details a round window and hearing preservation approach for cochlear implant placement, and incorporates the most recent advances in surgical technique.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/bDqkbboXrU4.
Die EU Timber Regulation und ihre Konsequenzen für die Schweiz
Authors: Pfannkuch Markus , Zabel Astrid 
Published: January 2014

The EU Timber Regulation and its implications for Switzerland
In 2012, almost 96% of all Swiss wood exports were delivered into the European Union (EU). Since March 3rd, 2013, these exports are subject to the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR). Besides the Voluntary Partnership Agreements, this regulation constitutes the second policy package under the EU Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade Action Plan (EU-FLEGT). The first part of this paper discusses the aims of the new timber regulation as a measure to combat illegal logging and illegal timber trade. The second part builds on expert interviews that were conducted with representatives of the industry, ministries, inter-trade organizations, as well as a politician and summarizes first experiences since the implementation of the policy as well as expected implications for the Swiss timber export sector. Moreover, four possible courses of action for Switzerland that were raised in the expert interviews are discussed: 1) integrating the EU Timber Regulation into the regulation on the declaration of wood and wood products, 2) creating a Swiss Timber Regulation in the course of the revision of the environmental protection law, 3) proactively providing information while avoiding a change of laws, and 4) a government guarantee for Swiss wood.
'The holy property of the entirety of the people': The Struggle for the 'German Forest' in Prussia, 1871-1914
Authors: Wilson Jeffrey K. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
During the nineteenth century, German intellectuals articulated the notion that the nation's identity and social peace were rooted in public access to its forests. In the late nineteenth century, however, the Prussian state sought to tighten property laws, allowing landowners to exert more control over their property and exclude interlopers. First liberals and Catholics, then conservative agrarian reformers and radical nationalists, responded with hostility to these efforts, challenging landowning elites. Whereas the romanticisation of the 'German forest' has long been seen as an expression of landowners' efforts to manipulate national sentiment, these developments illustrate the complicated relationship between nature and nation in the late nineteenth century.
Characterization of Electron Beam Irradiated Poly Vinyl Alcohol/Poly Ethylene Glycol Blends
Authors: Ali Z. I. , Eisa W. H. 
Published: January 2014

Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly ethylene glycol (PEG) blends were prepared and irradiated with different electron beam irradiation doses. The influence of the irradiation dose, and PEG content on the physico-chemical properties was investigated. The data regarding gel content demonstrated that the radiation-induced crosslinking of PVA and PVA/PEG samples increased as a result of increasing irradiation dose and decreasing PEG content. The swelling volume ratio shows an opposite behavior. The XRD parameters (crystllinity percent and d-spacing values) show a decreasing behavior for PVA and PVA/PEG blends as a result of either irradiation or blending PVA matrix with PEG. The DSC data illustrate a decreasing trend in melting point, glass transition temperature, and degree of crystallinity with increasing irradiation dose or PEG content. Keywords: Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA); Poly ethylene glycol (PEG); PVA/PEG blends; Electron beam irradiation; Swelling volume ratio; Gel content; Structural characterization © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.13071 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 29-42 (2014)
Response of High Latitude Ionospheric TEC to Enhanced Radiation Fluxes during the Major Solar Flare Events
Authors: Purohit P. K. , Mansoori A. A. , Khan P. A. , Bhawre P. , Tripathi S. C. , Khatarkar P. , A. M. Aslam , Waheed M. A. , Gwal A. K. 
Published: January 2014

We have investigated the response of ionosphere to major solar flare events that occurred during 1998 to 2011. The effect of enhanced radiation fluxes in the X-ray and EUV band on the GPS derived Total Electron Content (TEC) is examined. The data of X-ray flux from Geostationary Operational Environment Satellite (GOES) and EUV flux from Solar EUV Monitor (SEM) onboard SOHO spacecraft were correlated with the Total Electron Content (TEC) data of a high latitude station, Davis (68.570S, 77.960E). We found that peak intensities of X-ray and EUV flux correlate very well with the peak values of TEC. We also studied the correlation of peak enhancement of these fluxes with the peak enhancement of TEC and found that peak enhancement of these fluxes correlate highly with the peak enhancement of TEC than with the peak values themselves. It is also found that correlation is extraordinarily improved when these fluxes are multiplied by Cos(CMD) where CMD is Central Meridian Distance on the solar disc, thereby showing that the location of flares on the solar disc plays an important role while investigating the ionospheric influences of solar flares. Keywords: Ionosphere; TEC; CMD; Solar Flare. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.14100 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 43-49 (2014)
Biosorption and Characterization of Metal Tolerant Bacteria Isolated from Palar River Basin Vellore
Authors: Silambarasan S. , Abraham J. 
Published: January 2014

Metal pollution is a growing problem and microbes have adapted to tolerate the presence of metals and even use them. The investigation was carried out to screen for bisorption property of metals by bacteria and check for correlation between tolerance to heavy metals and antibiotic resistance. Soil samples were collected from Palar River basin site of Vellore and five distinct bacteria were isolated. Antibiotic resistance (bacitracin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, rifampicin, penicillin and ampicillin) was checked and tolerance to heavy metals was screened (Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn). It was found that most of the bacterial isolates had multiple antibiotic resistances which might be due to the stress caused by heavy metals released into the Palar river basin, Vellore. The multiple antibiotics resistance of this bacterial species was found to be associated with tolerance to metals. Biosorption studies revealed that Alcaligenes faecalis could tolerate 59% Cd, 61% Pb, 40% Cu, 39% Zn and Staphylococcus aureus removed 60% Cd, 63% Pb, 42% Cu, 41% Zn and Streptococcus lactis absorbed 61% Cd, 57% Pb, 37% Cu, 38% Zn and Micrococcus luteus reduced 56% Cd, 61% Pb, 39% Cu, 41% Zn and Enterobacter aerogenes removed 60% Cd, 55% Pb, 62% Cu, 67% Zn. Keywords: Antibiotic resistant; Heavy metal tolerance; Biosorption; Metal polluted soils. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.14678 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 125-131 (2014)
Study of the Smoke Propagation in a Road Tunnel
Authors: Kalech B. , Jouini B. , Bouterra M. , El Cafsi A. , Belghith A. 
Published: January 2014

Road tunnels are increasingly built due to heavy traffic in dense urban areas. Knowledge of the spread of smoke is still limited. A numerical study on the smoke flow in a tunnel has been made using the model of small-scale tunnel. Effects of the longitudinal air flow on the flow structure, the temperature distribution and the smoke stratification of the fire in the tunnel have been considered by taking into account the inclination of the tunnel and the transverse positioning of the source. The results show that the spread of smoke is independent of the transverse position of the source in the fourth phase of the flow. The slope has a slight influence on the flow and promotes the flow stratification in a ascending slope. The longitudinal air flow promotes destratification of the smoke flow. The model was validated by comparison with experimental data obtained from fire tests (Wu et al.) in a small-scale tunnel. Keywords: Tunnel fire; Smoke flow; Stratification; FDS © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.14696 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 51-68 (2014)
Comparison of Regression Equation and Friedewalds Formula with Direct Measurement of Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Bangladeshi Population
Authors: Saiedullah M. , Chowdhury N. , Khan M.A.H. , Hayat S. , Begum S. , Rahman M. R. 
Published: January 2014

Friedewalds formula (FF) is the most widely used formula in clinical practice to calculate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) from total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC). But this formula frequently underestimates LDLC. The aim of this study was to derive a regression equation (RE) to abolish the underestimation and to compare the performance of RE and FF in Bangladeshi population. RE was derived from 531 lipid profiles (equation derivation group) for the calculation of LDLC by multiple linear regression analysis. The RE was then used to calculate LDLC in another 952 subjects (equation validation group). LDLC calculated by RE and FF were compared with measured LDLC by appropriate statistical analyses. In equation validation group, measured LDLC, LDLC calculated by RE and FF were 2.97±0.81, 2.91±0.80 and 2.72±0.93 mmol/L respectively. Precision (r) was 0.9525 for RE and 0.9193 for FF. Passing & Bablok linear regression equations against measured LDLC were y = 0.9792x + 0.007 for RE and y = 1.1412x  0.6781 for FF. Accuracy within ±12% of measured LDLC was 79% and 57% for RE and FF, respectively. The derived RE is more accurate than FF for the calculation of LDLC in Bangladeshi population. Keywords: Lipoprotein cholesterol; Friedewalds formula; Bangladeshi population. © 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.14864 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 143-152 (2014)
Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Cefuroxime Axetil in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulation
Authors: Binte Amir S. , Hossain M. A. , Mazid M. A. 
Published: January 2014

The present study was undertaken to develop and validate a simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and reproducible UV spectrophotometric method for cefuroxime axetil using methanol as solvent. In this method the simple UV spectrum of cefuroxime axetil in methanol was obtained which exhibits absorption maxima (?max) at 278 nm. The quantitative determination of the drug was carried out at 278 nm and Beers law was obeyed in the range of (0.80-3.60) µg/ml. The proposed method was applied to pharmaceutical formulation and percent amount of drug estimated (95.6% and 96%) was found in good agreement with the label claim. The developed method was successfully validated with respect to linearity, specificity, accuracy and precision. The method was shown linear in the mentioned concentrations having line equation y = 0.05x + 0.048 with correlation coefficient of 0.995. The recovery values for cefuroxime axetil ranged from 99.85-100.05. The relative standard deviation of six replicates of assay was less than 2%. The percent relative standard deviations of inter-day precision ranged between 1.45-1.92% and intra-day precision of cefuroxime axetil was 0.96-1.51%. Hence, proposed method was precise, accurate and cost effective. Keywords: UV-Vis spectrophotometer; Method validation; Cefuroxime axetil; Recovery studies. © 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.14879 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 133-141 (2013)
Vertex Equitable Labeling of Cyclic Snakes and Bistar Graphs
Authors: Jeyanthi P. , Maheswari A. 
Published: January 2014

Let G be a graph with p vertices and q edges and let A = {0, 1, 2,..., }. A vertex labeling f: V (G) ® A induces an edge labeling f * defined by f *(uv) = f(u) + f(v) for all edges uv. For , let vf (a) be the number of vertices v with f(v) = a. A graph G is said to be vertex equitable if there exists a vertex labeling f such that for all a and b in A, and the induced edge labels are 1, 2, 3,, q. In this paper, we establish vertex equitable labeling of square graph of and splitting graph of and kC4 snake(k?1) and the generalized kCn snake is vertex equitable if nº0(mod4),n?4. Keywords: Vertex equitable labeling; Vertex equitable graph. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.15044 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 79-85 (2014)
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance in Planktonic Luminous Bacteria of Indian Penaeid Shrimp Farms
Authors: Thangapalam J. A. , Sasmal D. 
Published: January 2014

Prevalence of luminous bacteria (LB) in grow-out pond water and sediment samples, and antibiotic resistance among planktonic LB of two major shrimp farming States of India namely Tamil Nadu and West Bengal were studied. Luminous bacterial counts in the range of log 0.70-3.64/mL pond water and log 2.00-4.90/g pond sediment were recorded. The Tamil Nadu shrimp pond water recorded five planktonic luminous bacterial species, viz. Vibrio fischeri, V. harveyi, V. orientalis, V. splendidus biotype1 and Photobacterium leiognathi; while the West Bengal shrimp pond water had only two species  V. harveyi and V. splendidus biotype 1. Vibrio harveyi was the most dominant species in both cases, constituting about 90-97% of the total planktonic LB. Majority of the LB isolates from Tamil Nadu shrimp farms were resistant to ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, nitrofurantoin and oxytetracycline; while the West Bengal strains were resistant to co-trimoxazole and oxytetracycline. None of the 420 planktonic LB was resistant to chloramphenicol. The planktonic V. harveyi recorded minimal inhibitory concentrations ?100 ?g/mL for gentamycin, nitrofurantoin, oxytetracycline and co-trimoxazole. Multiple antibiotic resistance was significantly high (P<0.01) in planktonic LB of Tamil Nadu (67%) compared to West Bengal (44%). Keywords: Shrimp farming; Multiple antibiotic resistance; Vibrio fischeri; V. harveyi; V. orientalis; V. splendidus biotype1. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.15329 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 153-159 (2014)
Heavy Metals Contamination Through Industrial Effluent to Irrigation Water in Gadoon Amazai (Swabi) and Hayatabad (Peshawar) Pakistan
Authors: Amin N. , Ayaz M. , Alam S. , Gul S. 
Published: January 2014

Industrial effluents mixed water used for irrigation in vegetable growing area was tested for its heavy metal contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Sixteen water samples from different industrial outlets were collected and analyzed for different physical and chemical parameters such as temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, total dissolved solids and heavy metals, in the year 2011. The results showed Cu to be in the range of 0.102-0.260, Co 0.021-0.195, Fe 0.191-0.330, Pb 0.117-0.330, Cr 0.024-0.121, Mn 0.053-0.234, Zn 0.090-0.165 and Ni as 0.019-0.074 ppm. The overall metal concentration in the studied samples was in the order of Fe>Pb>Cu>Mn>Co>Zn>Cr>Ni (p < 0.05). pH was in the range of 3.1-8.7 and electrical conductivity was 325 to 1515 ms/cm. As all values were found to be increasing towards pollution limits, industrial effluents need a continuous monitoring and proper management before their discharge in order to reduce the future hazards in reference to aquatic and human life. Keywords: Industrial effluents; Irrigation water; Heavy metals; Pollution. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16336 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 111-124 (2014)
Relationship between Body Weight and Linear Body Measurements in Japanese Quail (<i>Coturnix coturnix japonica</i>)
Authors: Victoria O. , Fayeye T. R. , Ayorinde K. Luke , Olojede H. 
Published: January 2014

A total of 108 two-weeks-old Japanese quail chicks were used to study the relationship between body weight and linear measurements and to predict body weight from linear measurements of body length (BL), body girth (BG), wing length (WL), shank length (SL), shank diameter (SD) and drum stick (DS).The results showed that the mean quail birds body weights were 35.23g and 143.78g, at 2nd and 8th weeks, respectively. Body weight gain was increased between 2 and 6 weeks of age and thereafter decreased with advancing age. Female birds were significantly (P< 0.05) heavier than those of male counterpart at 6th and 8th weeks of age. Significantly positive correlations (P<0.01) were obtained between body weight and body measurements at 2nd, 4th and 8th weeks. The best correlation was obtained between body weight and body girth at the 2nd week of age (0.70). The estimates of coefficient of determination and predictive equations show that body weight in Japanese quail is linearly related to body measurements especially with body girth and body length. The study shows that it is possible for breeders to use BG and BL as criteria for assessment and early selection of Japanese quail for body weight. Keywords: Japanese quail; Body weight; Linear measurements; Correlation © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16368 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 175-183 (2014)
Mouth Morphometry and Architecture of Freshwater Cat Fish Mystus vittatus Bloch (1974) (Siluriformes, Bagridae) in Relation to its Feeding Habit
Authors: Chattopadhyay S. , Nandi S. , Saikia S. K. 
Published: January 2014

Mouth morphology and architecture of a freshwater cat fish Mystus vittatus was studied in relation to its food and feeding habits. The fish has small mouth and predates mainly on small sized preys. It possesses terminal mouth, equipped with villiform teeth on both lower and upper jaw. Lower jaw also bears molariform teeth in addition to villiforms teeth to grasp and prevent the escape of prey. Lack of papilliform teeth and prominent microridges suggest its plankton feeding habits and poor test sensation on captured preys. Keywords: Dentition; Carnivorous; Molariform; Villiform © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16369 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 169-174 (2014)