bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monsoon-driven Dynamics of water quality by multivariate statistical methods in Daya Bay, South China Sea
Authors: Wu Mei-Lin , Wang You-Shao , Sun Cui-Ci , Sun Fu-Lin , Cheng Hao , Wang Yu-Tu , Dong Jun-De , Wu Jingfeng 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Eleven physicochemical parameters of data collected from 12 stations in Daya Bay in 2003 were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis. Cluster analysis (CA) grouped data from 4 seasons into two groups, the northeast and southwest monsoon periods, representing different natural processes. During the northeast monsoon period, principal component analysis (PCA) and CA group the 12 monitoring sites into Cluster DA1 (S1, S2 and S6) and Cluster DA2 (S3-S5 and S7-S12). During the southwest monsoon period, PCA and CA group the 12 monitoring sites into Cluster WB1 (S1, S2, S7, S9 and S11) and Cluster WB2 (S3-S6, S8, S10, S11 and S12). The spatial heterogeneity within the bay was defined by different hydrodynamic conditions and human activities. These results may be valuable for achieving sustainable use of the coastal ecosystems in Daya Bay.
Just Plain Disappointment: Why Contemporary Thinking About Environmental Sustainability Needs To Be More Courageous
Authors: Lynne Lee Wendy 
Published: November 2012

Edwards, Andres R. 2010. Thriving Beyond Sustainability: Pathways to a Resilient Society. Gabriola Island, Canada: New Society Publishers.Lake, Osprey Orielle. 2010. Uprisings for the Earth: Reconnecting Culture with Nature. Ashland, OR: White Cloud Press.Suzuki, David, and David R. Taylor. 2009. The Big Picture: Reflections on Science, Humanity, and a Quickly Changing Planet. Vancouver, Canada: Greystone Books.
Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels
Authors: Haque Md Enamul , Sultana Afrin , Shibib Biazid Alam , Islam Md Mirazul 
Published: November 2012

The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the stem bark of Callistemon citrinus were subjected to screenings for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and brine shrimp lethality. The ethyl acetate extract and its column fractions XVIII and XIV exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity, while the methanol extract revealed significant antioxidant activity having IC50 of 3.84 ?g/ml. The methanol extract and fraction-II showed potent cytotoxic its cytotoxicity with the LC50 of 11.27 and 11.35 ?g/ml, respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v11i1.12487 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 11(1): 51-54, 2012 (June)
Congenital Absence of Gall Bladder
Authors: Kabir Sheikh Firoj , Haque Md Sirajul 
Published: November 2012

Congenital absence of gall bladder is a very rare entity found in clinical practices. Due to miss interpretation of sonographic findings as they are not familiar with the condition it possess a great difficulty in management the patient. Though the patient present with the feature of acute cholecystitis, conservative treatment is enough to cure the disease. Modern radiological intervention make the diagnosis confirm, thus preventing unnecessary surgical procedure. Here we report two cases of Congenital absence of gall bladder presenting as acute cholecystitis ultimately diagnosed and treated. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i3.12470 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 177-180
Template-directed Instrumentation in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Cost Savings Analysis
Authors: Hsu Andrew R. , Gross Christopher E. , Bhatia Sanjeev , Levine Brett R. 
Published: November 2012

The use of digital radiography and templating software in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) continues to become more prevalent as the number of procedures performed increases every year. Template-directed instrumentation (TDI) is a novel approach to surgical planning that combines digital templating with limited intraoperative instruments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the financial implications and radiographic outcomes of using TDI to direct instrumentation during primary TKA.
Over a 1-year period, 82 consecutive TKAs using TDI were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics and preoperative templated sizes of predicted components were recorded, and OrthoView digital planning software (OrthoView LLC, Jacksonville, Florida was used to determine the 2 most likely tibial and femoral component sizes for each case. This sizing information was used to direct component vendors to prepare 3 lightweight instrument trays based on these sizes. The sizes of implanted components and the number of total trays required were documented. A cost savings analysis was performed to compare TDI and non-TDI surgical expenses for TKA. In 80 (97%) of 82 cases, the prepared sizes determined by TDI using 3 instrument trays were sufficient. Preoperative templating correctly predicted the size of the tibial and femoral component sizes in 90% and 83% of cases, respectively. The average number of trays used with TDI was 3.0 (range, 3–5 trays) compared with 7.5 (range, 6–9 trays) used in 82 preceding non-TDI TKAs. Based on standard fees to sterilize and package implant trays (approximately $26 based on a survey of 10 orthopedic hospitals performing TKA), approximately $9612 was saved by using TDI over the 1-year study period.
Overall, digital templating and TDI were a simple and cost-effective approach when performing primary TKA.
Plating of Proximal Humeral Fractures
Authors: Martetschläger Frank , Siebenlist Sebastian , Weier Michael , Sandmann Gunther , Ahrens Philipp , Braun Karl , Elser Florian , Stöckle Ulrich , Freude Thomas 
Published: November 2012

The optimal treatment for proximal humeral fractures is controversial. Few data exist concerning the influence of the surgical approach on the outcome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of proximal humeral fractures treated with locking plate fixation through a deltopectoral vs an anterolateral deltoid-splitting approach.
Of 86 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 70 were available for follow-up examination. Thirty-three patients were treated through a deltopectoral approach and 37 through an anterolateral deltoid-splitting approach. In all cases, open reduction and internal fixation with a PHILOS locking plate (Synthes, Umkirch, Germany) was performed. Clinical follow-up included evaluation of pain, shoulder mobility, and strength. Constant score and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score were assessed. A clinical neurological examination of the axillary nerve was also performed. Consolidation, reduction, and appearance of head necrosis were evaluated radiographically. After a mean follow-up of 33 months, Constant scores, DASH scores, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores showed no significant differences between the groups. Clinical neurologic examination of the axillary nerve revealed no obvious damage to the nerve in either group.
Deltopectoral and anterolateral detoid-splitting approaches for plate fixation of proximal humeral fractures are safe and provide similar clinical outcomes. The results of this study suggest that the approach can be chosen according to surgeon preference.
Paradoxical Cerebral Embolism After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Hill Brian W. , Huang Hanwei , Li Mengnai 
Published: November 2012

Deep vein thrombosis is a frequent complication following total joint arthroplasty and other major orthopedic procedures. Pulmonary embolism occurs with or without a diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis, although infrequently (1.5%–10%). In patients with congenital cardiac defects, such as a patent foramen ovale, paradoxical cerebral embolism may also occur. This article describes a case of a 52-year-old woman who sustained a paradoxical cerebral embolism following total knee arthroplasty.
In the workup of a patient with a known murmur and stroke symptoms, paradoxical cerebral embolism should be included in the differential. The initial evaluation should incorporate transesophageal echocardiography because of its accuracy in the demonstration of the cardiac physiology. An abnormal intracardiac or intrapulmonary shunt is essential for paradoxical cerebral embolism, allowing the entrance of the thrombus into cerebral circulation from the venous system. No clear consensus has been reached on the management of patients at risk for paradoxical cerebral embolism prior to orthopedic procedures. However, when an embolic stroke is diagnosed acutely, ideal management includes thrombolytic therapy, but further research is needed to confirm that this is the correct management. Due to the risk of recurrence, postoperative thromboprophylaxis is recommended with or without closure of the foramen ovale. Most importantly, and as demonstrated by the current patient, who partially recovered but did not require walking assistance after 2-year follow-up, treating physicians should be prepared to counsel patients through a lengthened physical rehabilitative process.
Total Knee Arthroplasty in a Patient With Skeletal Fluorosis
Authors: Paiste Mark , Levine Mathew , Bono James V. 
Published: November 2012

Published reports on patients with skeletal fluorosis undergoing total knee arthroplasty are rare. Skeletal fluorosis is a chronic condition that occurs secondary to the ingestion of food and water that contain high levels of fluoride. Although fluorosis may be described as osteosclerotic and marble-like in appearance, features may also include characteristics of osteomalacia and osteoporosis.
This article describes the case of a 67-year-old man with skeletal fluorosis who underwent total knee arthroplasty complicated by fracture. An intramedullary guide was used for the proximal tibia and distal femoral bone cuts intraoperatively. Following the completion of the femoral bone cuts, it was noted that the drill used to open the femoral canal had breached the medial femoral cortex. Multiple fractures were seen in both femoral condyles. A revision femoral stem was chosen to complete the total knee arthroplasty but, after further manipulation of the femur, it appeared that the fracture had displaced. A LISS plate (Synthes, West Chester, Pennsylvania) was used to ensure fracture reduction and implant stability. The remainder of the procedure was completed without complication. One year postoperatively, functional knee range of motion was limited to 70° of flexion. Radiographs showed signs of healing and satisfactory implant position.
This case highlights the importance of the preoperative examination and the need to fully appreciate the bone quality of patients prior to undertaking an orthopedic procedure. Variation from the use of intramedullary guides should be considered in patients with questionable bone quality undergoing total knee arthroplasty.
Pulmonary Embolism After Shoulder Arthroscopy
Authors: Edgar Richard , Nagda Sameer , Huffman Russell , Namdari Surena 
Published: November 2012

Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism events are common complications following lower-extremity orthopedic surgery. Conversely, deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism events are rare following upper-extremity surgery, specifically shoulder arthroscopy. The purpose of this article is to emphasize the necessity of performing a thorough preoperative workup to uncover possible risk factors for deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism despite the rare occurrence of developing a pulmonary embolism following shoulder arthroscopy.
This article describes 3 patients who developed a nonfatal pulmonary embolism following elective shoulder arthroscopy. All 3 surgeries were performed with the patient in the lateral decubitus position. No complications were noted intraoperatively. Symptoms appeared at postoperative days 14, 29, and 2, respectively. One patient demonstrated no risk factors for developing a pulmonary embolism, whereas the other 2 exhibited risk factors for deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
Pulmonary embolism is a rare but serious complication following shoulder arthroscopy. Shoulder surgeons should be aware of the presenting signs and symptoms. Mechanical or chemical prophylaxis should be administered for patients with identified coagulopathic risk factors. Although it is rare for patients to develop a pulmonary embolism following upper-extremity shoulder arthroscopy, orthopedic surgeons must be aware of the possibility that a pulmonary embolism can occur after elective, uncomplicated shoulder arthroscopy. Surgeons should consider prophylactic measures for patients with identified coagulopathy disorders.
Expression and significance of vascular endothelial growth factor C from multiple specimen sources in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhang Mingxin , Zhou Bin , Jia Zhuoqi , Qiao Zhe , Zhang Jin 
Published: November 2012

Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignancy with a very poor prognosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) plays an important role in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. This study was designed to analyze the correlation of VEGF-C expression with clinicopathological features and survival in multiple specimen sources from patients with ESCC. Material and methods The expression of VEGF-C in tissues (tVEGF-C), serum (sVEGF-C), and lymph fluid (lVEGF-C) from 48 patients with ESCC was detected by different methods. Results There were significant correlations between a high level of tVEGF-C expression and tumor differentiation, tumor depth, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and metastasis. sVEGF-C was only significantly related to lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and metastasis. The results of lVEGF-C expression were similar to those of tVEGG-C expression, but no relationship to tumor depth was found. High expression levels of tVEGF-C, sVEGF-C and lVEGF-C were significantly associated with shorter overall survival times in univariate analysis (log-rank test). Conclusions The expression of VEGF-C in multiple specimen sources from patients with ESCC was associated with certain clinicopathological parameters. High expression of VEGF-C may be an important factor related to a poor prognosis of ESCC.
Recovering Hyperbole:
Authors: Ritter Joshua R. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractHyperbole is an easily misunderstood and misused trope, and it is largely unexplored in current rhetorical studies. Yet, at moments within thought and discourse, the excessiveness of hyperbole elicits a constructive, transformative ambiguity that can reveal alternative epistemological and ontological insights. Indeed, hyperbole is often the most effective way of trying to express seemingly impossible and inexpressible positions. I argue for the reexploration and critical examination of hyperbole, and I offer a theoretical framework from which to view texts and discourse from a hyperbolic perspective. I identify the metafunction of hyperbole, and I offer two specific functions of hyperbole. Hyperbole is more than simply an obvious and intentional exaggeration and thus can benefit from an exploration that considers it beyond its traditional tropological limits. It can be engaged as a mode of inquiry in order to delve into the complexities and paradoxes of theo-philosophical discourse, and it can also be appropriated as a critical position from which one might, for example, propose interpretations of various textual expressions that differ from their more normative interpretations.
Isolation and Generation of Human Dendritic Cells
Authors: Nair Smita , Archer Gerald E. , Tedder Thomas F. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractDendritic cells are highly specialized antigen‐presenting cells (APC), which may be isolated or generated from human blood mononuclear cells. Although mature blood dendritic cells normally represent ∼0.2% of human blood mononuclear cells, their frequency can be greatly increased using the cell enrichment methods described in this unit. More highly purified dendritic cell preparations can be obtained from these populations by sorting of fluorescence‐labeled cells. Alternatively, dendritic cells can be generated from monocytes by culture with the appropriate cytokines, as described here. In addition, a negative selection approach is provided that may be employed to generate cell preparations that have been depleted of dendritic cells to be used for comparison in functional studies.Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 99:7.32.1‐7.32.23. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Identification of B Cell and T Cell Epitopes Using Synthetic Peptide Combinatorial Libraries
Authors: Pinilla Clemencia , Appel Jon R. , Judkowski Valeria , Houghten Richard A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis unit presents a combinatorial library method that consists of the synthesis and screening of mixture‐based synthetic combinatorial libraries of peptide molecules. The protocols employ peptide libraries to identify peptides recognized by MAbs and T cells. The first protocol uses a positional scanning peptide library made up of hexapeptides to identify antigenic determinants recognized by MAbs. The 120 mixtures in the hexapeptide library are tested for their inhibitory activity in a competitive ELISA. The second protocol uses a decapeptide library to identify T cell peptide ligands. The 200 mixtures of the decapeptide library are tested for their ability to induce T cell activation. Support protocols cover optimization of the assay conditions for each MAb or T cell, to achieve the best level of sensitivity and reproducibility, and preparation of a hexapeptide library, along with deconvolution approaches. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 99:9.5.1‐9.5.16. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Cryopreservation and Thawing of Cells
Authors: Yokoyama Wayne M. , Thompson Maria L. , Ehrhardt Rolf O. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSuccessful cryopreservation of cells requires not only that the cells be handled in a proper fashion for harvesting with equipment in place to ensure consistency, reproducibility, and sterility, but also that a correct choice and amount of cryoprotective agent is added. In general, a controlled freezing rate of 1°C/min is necessary to retain optimal viability of the recovered cells. There are many variations of cell freezing methods in use, including costly electronically regulated control rate freezers, unstandardized, passive isopropyl alcohol freezing containers, and crude rudimentary devices constructed from Styrofoam boxes or paper insulation. However, for the freezing and recovery of cell lines, primary cells, and stem cell cultures, the protocol described in this unit is simple, reproducible, and successful. Not only does it eliminate the need for isopropanol, as well as the costs and hazards associated with its use and disposal, but it provides a uniform method with improved cell viability and recovery. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 99:A.3G.1‐A.3G.5. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
In Conversation: Peter Zumthor and Juhani Pallasmaa
Authors: Andersen Michael Asgaard 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe ‘New Nordic – Architecture & Identity’ exhibition (July–September 2012) at Louisiana Museum of Modern Art in Denmark is significant for the way that it has defined architectural identity in a Northern European context. Here its co‐curator, Michael Asgaard Andersen, provides an edited version of a conversation between Juhani Pallasmaa and Peter Zumthor that was featured on a large screen at the show and included at full length in the museum catalogue.
Identity Through the Grounding of Experience in Place
Authors: Joy Rick 
Published: November 2012

AbstractArizona‐based architect Rick Joy is renowned for creating beautiful modern houses that are responsive to the natural landscape. Here he describes how experience and identity in a completed work are grounded in a mutual relationship between inhabitant and habitat: spaces condition behaviours as much as they are then, in turn, conditioned by their inhabitants. Accommodating these qualities in a design is wholly reliant on the architects' ability to be perceptive – to observe habits, nuances, atmosphere and a sense of place.
The Future is Unwritten: Global Culture, Identity and Economy
Authors: Fraser Murray 
Published: November 2012

AbstractIs architecture no more than a mere handmaid to global capitalism and the international property market? Murray Fraser, Professor of Architecture and Global Culture at the Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL, asserts that the true picture is both much more complex and less homogeneous than it might appear. While acknowledging that economic conditions are significant drivers in architecture, he argues that it is still possible for designers to respond creatively with suppleness and foresight in their exploration of paths for a better future.
The Big Feet Aesthetic and the Art of Survival
Authors: Yu Kongjian 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe ancient tradition of foot binding in China sacrificed the function of rustic ‘big feet’ in the name of gentrification and beauty. Kongjian Yu espouses an approach to landscape design that celebrates the aesthetic of high‐performing, low‐cost, healthy feet. Through his description of three projects, located in very different regions of China, he explains how working, adaptive landscapes based on farming techniques can provide an environment with a self‐sustaining identity.
Reading the Wind and Weather: The Meteorological Architecture of Studio Mumbai
Authors: Ashraf Kazi 
Published: November 2012

AbstractArchitectural writer and educator Kazi Ashraf likens the work of Studio Mumbai to that of a tree, in which landscape and architecture converge. As he explains, such a position is realised by a profound commitment to the act of building in which native materials are condensed into temporary structures. This requires due attention to the process of making, reflected in a workshop practice that incorporates craftsmen and artisans, and by necessity has to stand outside the conventional expectations for construction and economies of time.
Mapping Scales of Urban Identity
Authors: Burdett Ricky 
Published: November 2012

AbstractRicky Burdett, Professor of Urban Studies at LSE where he is Director of the Urban Age programme, is engaged in studying cities at different scales and regional contexts. Here he looks at what gives a city like London its unique sense of scale, and how it might be possible to design in the sort of vibrancy and spatial complexity that evolve in informal neighbourhoods over time. Through examples of local initiatives in Cape Town and Mumbai, he gives concrete evidence of what constitutes this approach.
Essence, Scale and Natural Events
Authors: Brislin Paul 
Published: November 2012

AbstractOften designing in remote locations, Arup Associates have consciously developed an approach that is both locally and culturally responsive, while being flexible enough to scale up to the ambitions of a scheme. Paul Brislin, guest‐editor of this issue and a director at Arup Associates, describes their design treatment for an arts facility and a mosque in Saudi Arabia as well as for the Druk White Lotus School in Ladakh, India, which by 2014 will be an educational campus comprising a senior school and library as well as the existing infant and junior schools.
The Reluctant Architect: An Interview with Wang Shu of Amateur Architects Studio
Authors: Denison Edward , Ren Guang Yu 
Published: November 2012

AbstractOn the announcement of the awarding of the Pritzker Prize to the first Chinese architect, Wang Shu, in May 2012, jury chair Lord Palumbo commended him for an architecture that is ‘timeless, deeply rooted in its context and yet universal’. Visiting Wang and his work in the ancient city of Hangzhou in Eastern China, shortly afterwards Edward Denison and Guang Yu Ren sought to understand why Wang might have succeeded where other architects have failed in a Chinese and international context, forging an innovative approach to architecture, which is in tune with tradition while being of a ‘genuine and often sublime originality’.