bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An improved bit-plane representation of quantum image
Authors: Mu Jiale , Li Xiao-Fei , Zhang Xiang-Hua , Wang Pinghe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The quantum image representation based on bit-planes (BRQI) is a widely used model in quantum image processing. It utilizes both the superposition and entanglement properties to store the position and color information of an image effectively, but the time complexity is still high(O(2qn22n)). Here, we propose an improved BRQI model, which still uses log2 q + 1 qubits to represent the color information, and has a low time complexity(O(qn22n)). When storing the value of bit-plane, it can use only one controlled operation to store the values of two adjacent bit-planes at the same time, makes the time and space complexity significantly reduced. Moreover, we design a corresponding quantum image compression algorithm. Simulation experimental results show that the compression efficiency of this model is also better than that of the widely used models NEQR and BRQI, and the time complexity of quantum image representation is further reduced. Hence, our findings will be helpful for further developing the quantum image representation and compression algorithm.
Analysis of clinical characteristics of central nervous system varicella-zoster virus infection: A Single-Center Cases Series Study
Authors: Li Yi , Yu Xiujun , Fan Xiaoming , Liu Yakun , Zhang Jingyi , He JunYing , Bu Hui , Zou# Yueli 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Backgroud: To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics, laboratory examination, electroencephalogram, imaging findings, treatment and prognosis of central nervous system varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection confirmed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), and to improve the early recognition of the disease.
Methods: Patients with VZVencephalitis/meningitis or spinal meningitis diagnosed by mNGS of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the Department of Neurology of the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from July 2018 to June 2021 were enrolled. The clinical characteristics, laboratory examination, electroencephalogram, imaging examination, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis were collected and analyzed.
Results: All the 29 patients had acute onset, and the main clinical manifestations were headache, fever, cranial nerve damage, disturbance of consciousness, limb numbness and weakness, convulsion, etc. There were 8 cases of meningitis, 18 cases of meningoencephalitis, 2 cases of cerebrospinal meningitis and 1 case of myelomeningitis. The pressure of lumbar puncture was normal in most cases. The white blood cell count and protein content in CSF were increased remarkable. The abnormal rate of electroencephalogram (EEG) was low, and abnormal imaging could be found in severe cases. Most of the patients can obtain a good prognosis, but those with cranial nerve involvement, vasculitis or spinal cord injury often have poor prognosis.
Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of VZV infection in central nervous system are nonspecific, and cranial nerves are prone to be involved. CSF parameters are diverse, which is easy to be misdiagnosed. CSF cytology can provide valuable clue for clinical diagnosis.
Electric vehicle ownership dynamics at household level: A stated adaptation experiment on the effects of pricing and incentive policies
Authors: Gutjar Margarita , Calastri Chiara , Kowald Matthias 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A reduction of diesel and petrol vehicles and a shift from conventional to electric vehicles (EV) is part of many governments’ plans towards transport decarbonization. To encourage such a shift, governments need to implement effective policies. In a stated adaptation experiment, 444 respondents were presented with four scenarios with hypothetical pricing strategies concerning EV purchase subsidies, and prices for fuel, electricity, and public transport. The scenarios involved the presentation of values specifically calculated depending on the cost and composition of actual mobility tools in the household, and respondents were asked to adapt their household fleet in response. For example, they could remove current or add new vehicles or public transport (PT) passes. The effect of such cost-related interventions on their decisions was modelled in an integrated choice and latent variable (ICLV) model. Our results suggest that the decision to remove a conventional vehicle and/or replace it with an electric vehicle can be effectively promoted by increasing fuel prices, lowering electricity prices, and lowering PT fares. Providing subsidies for the purchase of EVs was found to be ineffective. An analysis of attitudes revealed that people with greater intention to buy an EV are less affected by any pricing strategies. Incentives for removing a conventional vehicle are only effective for people who are more concerned about the environment.
The influence and reason analysis of the vanishing twin on noninvasive prenatal testing
Authors: Hu Shuang , Sun Gege , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective To investigate the influence and reason analysis of the vanishing twin on noninvasive prenatal testing.
Methods Clinical data of the pregnant women with vanishing twin syndrome (VTS) who came to our department for NIPT from January 2019 to December 2023 were collected, and their general conditions, NIPT results and prenatal diagnosis results as well as the causes of test failure were analyzed. The effects of gestational week of VTS and re-sampling time slot on the positive rate of NIPT were also discussed.
Results Of the 102 cases, 5 cases were NIPT positive (4.9%), among them 4 cases were sex chromosome abnormality (SCA), and 1 case was ChrX-(Z=-7.38), that is, X chromosome reduction. The karyotype and CNV-seq results were all normal after amniocentesis. Namely, all the 5 cases were false positive, and the rate was 100% (5/5). The positive rate of VT < 10 weeks (3/73) was lower than that of VT ≥10 weeks (2/29). There was no significant difference in positive rate between the two groups. (P > 0.05)
Conclusion NIPT could be applied on VT pregnancy, prolong the time interval of fetal demise and NIPT sampling. Once established, unnecessary invasive procedures could be avoided, mitigating negative emotional impact on future mothers.
Efficacy and Safety of Transarterial Chemoembolization and Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy Combined with Lenvatinib in Treating Massive Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Youbing , Xiao Zhengfang , Lu Ligong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
Current strategies for treating massive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often involve interventional procedures, yet their effectiveness is frequently constrained, and extensive clinical data are still limited. This research aims to assess the safety and efficacy of using lenvatinib in combination with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) for treating massive HCC.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of patients who received TACE-HAIC -lenvatinib between January 2022 and January 2023. The study included 31 eligible patients. Lenvatinib therapy commenced within one week post-TACE, with a dosage of either 8 or 12 mg per day based on body weight. Follow-up assessments were carried out 3–4 weeks after the initial intervention. Using dynamic contrast-enhanced CT or MRI, treatment response was assessed following the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST). Patients who achieved complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD) continued lenvatinib therapy, while those with progressive disease (PD) underwent additional TACE and HAIC. The progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse events (AEs) were all calculated. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Results
At 3, 6, 9, and 12 months following treatment, the objective response rates (ORR) were 38.71% (12/31), 51.61% (16/31), 32.26% (10/31), and 25.81% (8/31), respectively. The corresponding disease control rates (DCR) were 90.32% (28/31), 74.19% (23/31), 58.06% (18/31), and 45.16% (14/31). The median PFS was 8.0 months (95% CI,6.4–9.6 months), while the median OS was 15.0 months (95% CI,13.8–16.2 months). Adverse events (AEs) were noted in 90.3% of patients, with hypothyroidism being the most prevalent at 74.2%.
Conclusion
The results of our study suggest that the TACE-HAIC-lenvatinib sequential treatment regimen demonstrates good safety and tolerable levels for the treatment of massive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with the potential to enhance progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). This therapeutic approach provides an alternative for such patients, but additional multicenter randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are necessary to confirm its effectiveness and safety.
Hypermultiplexed Integrated-Photonics-based Tensor Optical Processor
Authors: Chen Zaijun , Ou Shaoyuan , Xue Kaiwen , Zhou Lian , Sludds Alexander , Hamerly Ryan , Zhang Ke , Feng Hanke , Kopparapu Reshma , Lee Chunho , Zhong Eric , Wang Cheng , Englund Dirk , Yu Mengjie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The escalating data volume and complexity resulting from the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT) and 5G/6G mobile networks is creating an urgent need for energy-efficient, scalable computing hardware. Here we demonstrate a hypermultiplexed integrated-photonics-based tensor optical processor (HITOP) that performs trillions of operations per second (TeraOPS) at the energy cost of 25 femtojoule per operation (25 fJ/OP). Based on space-time-wavelength three-dimensional (3D) data streaming, HITOP is built with arrays of wafer-fabricated III/V-based micron-scale lasers (spanning ~1 THz) incorporating thin-film Lithium-Niobate electro-optic (EO) photonics. Multidimensional parallelism allows matrix-matrix multiplications (N3 operations) using O(N) encoding devices, facilitating scalable on-chip integration with O(N2) computations per clockcycle. With each device activating 10 billion parameters per second, the HITOP scalability is validated in machine learning models with 405,000 parameters, which is 25,000 times more than previous integrated optical systems. A combination of high clockrates (10 GS/s), parallel processing and real-time reprogrammability unlocks the full potential of light for next-generation AI accelerators in applications ranging from training with trillions of parameters, real-time decision making in autonomous vehicles and robotics, dynamic optimization in smart manufacturing, to complex simulation for climate modeling and drug discovery.
Eco-friendly concrete: Combining treated wastewater and recycled aggregates
Authors: de Almeida Maria Eduarda Pereira , Tonetti Adriano Luiz 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The concrete industry is a significant consumer of drinking water and natural aggregates, such as sand and gravel. However, the scarcity of water and aggregate resources and the challenges associated with the disposal of construction and demolition waste prompted the exploration of alternative materials. This study investigates the feasibility of incorporating secondary treated wastewater from UASB reactors followed by trickling filters and mixed recycled aggregates as potential alternatives. To assess the viability of these alternatives, the study considered the replacement of 100% potable water with treated wastewater, as well as varying proportions of recycled gravel (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%) and recycled sand (10, 20, 30, 40, and 100%). Physical and mechanical properties were negatively affected, but it was possible to reach compressive results over 40 MPa and splitting tensile strength over 4 MPa for almost all mixes. Regarding physical properties, the use of alternative materials caused poorer outcomes for density, water absorption, and air-void ratio. The limited magnitude of these detrimental effects indicates the potential of manufacturing concrete with the addition of combined treated wastewater and recycled aggregate as a viable strategy while enhancing reuse practices.
Assessment of the ecological status of the river water system in European North under conditions of ultra-fresh humus waters using biotic indices (Suna River, Lake Onega Basin, Russia)
Authors: Baryshev Igor Alexandrovich , Savosin Evgeny , Komulainen Sergey Fedorovich 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Protecting rivers and lakes from pollution is crucial for maintaining the health of aquatic ecosystems and ensuring the well-being of both wildlife and humans. Present study intends to examine the water quality of the Suna River (Eastern Fennoscandia in the European North of Russia) to assess the ecological risk. Widespread methods for assessing water quality based on macrozoobenthos and phytoperiphoton were applied. It was found that in conditions of ultra-fresh waters with high humus content, biotic indicators may indicate pollution of water bodies that do not actually experience significant anthropogenic impact. Ratings ranging from ‘poor’ to ‘excellent’ were obtained for different stations, reflecting the influence of natural features of different sections of the river. ‘Good’ water quality was noted at the river stones biotopes. In river gravel, sand and silt biotopes, as well as all lake biotopes, ‘mediocre’ water quality was found. The low anthropogenic income on the river catchment allows us to conclude that most indices for assessing water quality significantly underestimate the results in the natural conditions of Eastern Fennoscandia. Biotic indices EPT, BBI and EBI are most accurate for assessing the water quality of rivers and lakes in Eastern Fennoscandia.
Current Status and Applications of Gamma Radiation-induced Graft Copolymerized Chitosan
Authors: Torres Maykel González 
Published: July 2024

:
Chitosan (CS) is a natural polymer obtained by removing acetyl groups from
chitin through alkaline hydrolysis. It possesses biodegradable properties and exhibits immunological,
antibacterial, and wound-healing activities. This polysaccharide has undergone
modification through radiation-induced graft copolymerization to broaden its application
scope. The potential applications of CS can be expanded by introducing side chains
through grafting. This article aims to review the innovative alternatives of gamma-graftcopolymerized
CS and, for the first time, comprehensively examines the current applications
of CS derivatives in dye removal, metal adsorption, antibacterial interventions, biomedical
practices, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering.
Crucial Structural Understanding for Selective HDAC8 Inhibition: Common Pharmacophores, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, and
Zinc Binder Analysis of selective HDAC8 inhibitors
Authors: Sarkar Kakali , Debnath Sudhan , Sen Debanjan , Kar Supratik , Sil Samir Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Overexpression of HDAC8 was observed in various cancers and inhibition
of HDAC8 has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach in recent decades.

Objective:
This review aims to facilitate the discovery of novel selective HDAC8 inhibitors by
analyzing the structural scaffolds of 66 known selective HDAC8 inhibitors, along with their IC50
values against HDAC8 and other HDACs.

Methods:
The inhibitors were clustered based on structural symmetry, and common pharmacophores
for each cluster were identified using Phase. Molecular docking with all HDACs was performed
to determine binding affinity and crucial interacting residues for HDAC8 inhibition. Representative
inhibitors from each cluster were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation to analyze
RMSD, RMSF, active site amino acid residues, and crucial interacting residues responsible for
HDAC8 inhibition. The study reviewed the active site amino acid information, active site cavities
of all HDACs, and the basic structure of Zn2+ binding groups.

Results:
Common pharmacophores identified included AADHR_1, AADDR_1, ADDR_1,
ADHHR_1, and AADRR_1. Molecular docking analysis revealed crucial interacting residues: HIS-
142, GLY-151, HIS-143, PHE-152, PHE-20 in the main pocket, and ARG-37, TYR-100, TYR-111,
TYR-306 in the secondary pocket. The RMSD of protein and RMSF of active site amino acid residues
for stable protein-ligand complexes were less than 2.4 Å and 1.0 Å, respectively, as identified
from MD trajectories. The range of Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MMGBSA)
ΔG predicted from MD trajectories was between -15.8379 Å and -61.5017 Å kcal/mol.

Conclusion:
These findings may expedite the rapid discovery of selective HDAC8 inhibitors subject
to experimental evaluation.
A Novel Method for Mining Regulatory sRNAs Related to Rice Resistance Against Blast Fungus from Multi-Omics Data
Authors: Sheng Jianhua , Zhao Enshuang , Zhu Yuheng , Dai Yinfei , Zhang Borui , Qin Qingming , Zhang Hao 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Due to infection by the rice blast fungus, rice, a major global staple, faces
yield challenges. While chemical control methods are common, their environmental and economic
costs are growing concerns. Traditional biological experiments are also inefficient for exploring resistance
genes. Therefore, understanding the interaction between rice and the rice blast fungus is urgent
and important.

Objective:
This study aims to use multi-omics data to uncover key elements in rice's defense against
rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. We built a detailed, multi-layered heterogeneous interaction
network, employing an innovative graph embedding feature with a cross-layer random walk algorithm
to identify crucial crucial resistance factors.This could inform strategies for enhancing disease
resistance in rice.

objective:
This study aims to use multi-omics data to uncover key elements in rice's defense against rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. We built a detailed, multi-layered heterogeneous interaction network, employing an innovative graph embedding feature with a cross-layer random walk algorithm, to identify crucial crucial resistance factors. This could inform strategies for enhancing disease resistance in rice.

Methods:
We integrated genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics data on Magnaporthe oryzae
infecting rice. This multi-omics data was used to construct a multi-layer heterogeneous network.An
advanced graph embedding algorithm (BINE) provided rich vector representations of network
nodes. A multi-layer network walking algorithm was then used to analyze the network and identify
key regulatory small RNA (sRNAs) in rice.

Results:
Node similarity rankings allowed us to identify significant regulatory sRNAs in rice that
are integral to disease resistance. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(KEGG) analyses further revealed their roles in biological processes and key metabolic
pathways.Our integrative method precisely and efficiently identified these crucial elements, offering
a valuable systems biology tool.

Conclusion:
By integrating multi-omics data with computational analysis, this study reveals key
regulatory sRNAs in rice's disease resistance mechanism. These findings enhance our understanding
of rice disease resistance and provide genetic resources for breeding disease-resistant rice. Despite
limitations in sRNA functional interpretation, this research demonstrates the power of applying multi-
omics data to address complex biological problems.
Ectopic Cushing's Syndrome in Pediatric Age
Authors: Roberto Guido , Aloini Maria Elena , Biondo Irene , Ricci Francesca , Maggio Roberta , Lardo Pina , Stigliano Antonio 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic ACTH secretion is a rare clinical
condition resulting from a dysregulated ACTH secretion by neuroendocrine tumors, which can
have various localizations and different histological differentiations. The overall incidence of
endogenous Cushing's syndrome is 0.7–2.4 per million people per year. Children account for
just 10% of all new cases that are reported each year.

Case Report::
When the patient first presented clinically, she was a 17-year-old girl who displayed
symptoms of schizophrenia (delirium, psychotic episodes, and hallucinations). Blood
tests showed diabetes mellitus and hypokalemia. She was also affected by high blood pressure
and osteoporosis complicated by D9-D10 and L1-L5 vertebral collapses. For these reasons, she
was treated with aripiprazole, insulin glargine, potassium chloride, spironolactone, enalapril,
and calcium carbonate. After two months of treatment, she was referred to the pediatrician endocrinologist,
who diagnosed hypercortisolism after prescribing hormone tests (Table 1). After
receiving her diagnosis, she began taking 1000 mg of metyrapone and had a whole-body CT
scan, which revealed bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. The results of the 68Ga-PET/DOTATOC
and 18FDG-PET scans were negative. The clinical course was intermittent in the months that
followed, with hypercortisolism and eucortisolism alternating. After one year of treatment, a
68Ga-PET/DOTATOC showed a nodule in the thymic lodge (Fig. 1). The patient underwent a
thymectomy. Unfortunately, after surgery, she continued to have high levels of cortisol, for
which she continued metyrapone 750 mg/die. 68Ga-PET/DOTATOC repeated three months
after surgery showed again an uptake corresponding to the thymic lodge (Fig. 2). In order to
remove the neuroendocrine lesion, she had a new surgery, which resulting a finally resolutive.
ACTH levels were monitored before, during, and post-surgery (Table 2). The laboratory provided
the ACTH results very quickly and thoracic surgeons waited for hormonal results before
concluding the procedure. The adopted strategy permitted us to monitor the outcome of the surgery.

Conclusion::
The heterogeneity of ectopic Cushing's syndrome makes diagnosis difficult.
Treatment of ectopic Cushing's syndrome requires close clinical, biochemical, and instrumental
observation. Metyrapone is a drug able to control hypercortisolism in a lasting way with a
good level of safety. 68Ga-PET/DOTATOC proves to be a tracer with good sensitivity and
specificity for the identification of ACTH-secreting neuroendocrine lesions. The short half-life
of ACTH is found to be a strategy to monitor the complete surgical resection of the neuroendocrine
lesion. A multidisciplinary approach improves therapeutic success and reduces the risk of
recurrence.