bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Heparin on Post-Operative Ultrasonographic Changes in Flexor Digitorum Profundus Tendon Trauma Of The Hand
Authors: Abdelrahman Mohamed Asmaa Nabil , Gamal Elden Noha Mohamed , Ahmed Khalid 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Flexor tendon injuries especially zone II are a challenging problem for both surgeons and patients as they need careful post-operative early physiotherapy to decrease adhesions and improve gliding which carry risk of early tendon rupture. Many drugs were tested for their role in decreasing paratendinous adhesions and enhance clinical outcome, this study by ultrasound examination test effect of intraoperative addition of heparin in limiting paratendinous adhesions and improving clinical outcome.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the effect of intraoperative heparin addition in preventing postoperative adhesions and on clinical outcome.

Patients and Methods
This clinical trial study included 21 patients with 31 surgically repaired zone II flexor digitorum profundus tendons. The 21 Patients were divided randomly into two groups, group A (study group) with heparin injection during surgical repair and group B (control group) without heparin injection, with a total number of eleven patients in group I and ten patients in group II.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in tendon margins, gliding or granulation tissue severity, which can support why it does not affect clinical outcome. There was no statistically significant relation between the heparin injection and tenosynovitis although heparin is known for its anti-inflammatory effect. Tendon re rupture was more presented in heparin injected group yet not of statistical significance.

Conclusion
The intraoperative heparin injection at repair site didn’t show any significance in enhancing clinical outcome or in limiting paratendinous adhesions. Although it wasn’t of statistical significant but tendon re-rupture was more seen in cases managed with heparin injection group so heparin injection is not recommended in treatment such cases yet further investigations are needed.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound in Evaluation of Obstructive Jaundice with MRCP as a Gold Standard
Authors: El Maksoud Abeer Abd , Madkour Sherihan Said , El Razik Mohammed Marwa Mahmoud Abd 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
MRCP has high sensitivity for CBD stones, strictures and malignancies in cases of obstructive jaundice especially cases with suspicion (clinical/CBD-IHBR dilatation on USG). As MRCP has more diagnostic accuracy compared to ultrasound in detecting the cause of obstruction in cases of obstructive jaundice, USG may be considered as an initial screening test and MRCP for definitive treatment planning. The limitation of the study is the small sample size.

Objective
To evaluate cross sectional retrospective study was done From June 2021 to June 2022 on 31 patients (17 females and 14 males) presenting with obstructive jaundice were referred from Internal Medicine, General Surgery and Clinical Oncology Department to Diagnostic Radiology Department in Ain Shams University hospitals, MRCP were done for all the patients and then Abdominal US examination were performed and then comparison between US & MRCP result were done.

Results
The US has sensitivity of 100.0%, specificity of 100.0% and accuracy of 100.0 % in detection of level of obstruction and also has sensitivity of 71.0% and accuracy of 71.0% in detecting cause of obstruction taking MRCP as a gold standard.

Conclusion
MRCP is an excellent tool for detecting the cause of obstructive jaundice, Use of MRCP could therefore spare the patients from invasive preoperative endoscopic procedures and it can also most likely reduce overall surgical costs. We propose MRCP as the method of choice for the diagnostic imaging of obstructive jaundice.
Value of Ultrasound as an Alternative to X-Ray in Assessment of Paediatric Upper Limb Trauma
Authors: Mohammed Ibrahim Ola Medhat , El Kader Morsy Hossam Abd , Sayed Abd el Karim Maha Ahmed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Pediatric fractures are a common presentation in the Orthopedic Emergency Department. Trauma is the commonest cause of injury and disability in children and young adults worldwide.

Aim of the Work
This study aimed to establish the value of ultrasound compared to plain radiography (as a standard care imaging modality) in the assessment of pediatric upper limb traumatic fractures.

Patient and Methods
This prospective observational study was done among 30 patients with limb fracture who referred to Ain Shams University Hospital and Sohag Teaching Hospital.

Results
Our results showed that the sensitivity of sonography was 100% and its specificity 62.5%; the positive and negative predictive values were 88% and 100%, respectively with accuracy 90%. These results show that US had high sensitivity and specificity in assessment of pediatric upper limb traumatic fractures.

Conclusion
Our prospective observational study was done among 30 patients with limb fracture who referred to Ain Shams University Hospital and Sohag Teaching Hospital and In summary, the findings of this research showed that ultrasound, Alternative To X-ray, has high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of pediatric upper limb traumatic fractures.
Role of Ultrasound in Evaluation of Median and Ulnar Nerves in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Correlation with Nerve Conduction Studies
Authors: Abbas Aly Mohamed Hassan , Hassan Sayed Mohammed Sobhy , Aly Hussein Safaa Abdelsalam , Allam Allam El Sayed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology characterized by the involvement of the joints. RA is also associated with vasculopathy, peripheral, autonomic, and entrapment neuropathy. The presence of peripheral neuropathy contributes significantly to the functional limitation in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy and consists of the compression of the median nerve as it courses through the carpal tunnel followed by the cubital tunnel syndrome which is the most common site for entrapment for the ulnar nerve.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the role of ultrasound in evaluation of median and ulnar nerves in rheumatoid arthritis patients in correlation with nerve conduction studies.

Patients and Methods
to elucidate this aim, 25patients diagnosed with RA, diagnosed according to the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) classification criteria for diagnosis of RA. And 25 healthy control subjects (matched for age and body mass index) were enrolled.

Results
this study was carried on 25 patients, 9 (34.7%) of whom were females, and 17 (68%) were males. The mean age of the studied group was (38.96±6.24 years old). The mean disease duration was 7 ±1.13 years; the mean disease activity index was 4.28 ±0.15. All the studied cases suffer from needle sensation, 24 (96) had numbness and 17(68) had burning sensation. All the studied cases in patient group had distal weakness and negative sensory testing (light touch, pinprick, temperature and vibration). As regarding to extra-articular manifestations, the most common was dry mouth and dry eye in all the studied cases followed by itchy skin in 13(52) patient, then joints aches and subcutaneous nodules in 2(8) patient and purpura was seen in only a case.

Conclusion
US has the advantage of early detection of median and ulnar nerves neuropathy and can assess the morphology of median and ulnar nerves and its surroundings. US measurements of median and ulnar nerves have a comparable diagnostic value as a non- invasive and an alternative modality for the evaluation of carpal tunnel syndrome and cubital tunnel syndrome.
Significance of Ultrasound in Assessment of Painful Knee: A Comparative Study to Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Sayed Ibrahim Nadine Mohamed , Mohamed Fahmy Marwa Ibrahim , EL-Diasty El-Metwaly Shaimaa El-Metwaly 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Knee pain is one of the most frequent symptoms that bring patients to the hospital. It affects approximately 25% of adults, with an increasing incidence nowadays the pain may result from the muscles, ligaments, tendons, and menisci, from trauma due to non-traumatic injuries like infection, bursitis, osteoarthritis, and tendinitis.

Aim of the Work
Aim of study is to evaluate the role of US in assessment of painful knee compared to conventional MRI sequences as an alternative cost-effective screening modality for an accurate diagnosis.

Patients and Methods
This study is a cross-sectional study was conducted at Ain Shams University Hospitals at Radiology department. Our study included forty patients complaining of acute knee pain from (1 day to 3 months’ duration). The main source of data for this study was the prospectively conducted scans and clinical history of the patients referred to the MRI section of the department of Radiology, Ain Shams University Hospitals at 6 months.

Results
Forty patients complaining of acute knee pain from. Every single one of them went through MRI and US assessments indiscriminately and independently, US succeeded in evaluating soft tissue structures pathologies including knee effusion, meniscal injury (degeneration, tear, and extrusion), MCL, LCL, bursitis. muscle, tendon injury and osteoarthritic changes. aside from the cruciate ligaments. US showed an overall sensitivity of 70.1% and specificity of 99.2% with accuracy of 95.2%. The overall PPV and NPV were 93.1% and 95.5% respectively.

Conclusion
US has proved that it can be used as an alternative cost effective screening modality for patients complaining of acute pain, US has reasonable sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in detecting knee effusion, meniscal injury including degeneration, tear, and extrusion, collateral ligaments, bursitis, baker cyst. Muscle, tendon injury and osteoarthritic changes, with no contraindications it can be used as the first choice in assessment of acute knee pain. MRI can be reserved for further workup if clinically warranted.
Role of Posterior Eye Color Doppler in Assessment of Retinopathic Changes in Long Term Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Salaheldin Elhosseni Salma Mohamed , Nasr Annie Mohamed , Abo-Elhoda Darwish Pasant Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
there have been different results in relation to abnormal ocular hemodynamics in the posterior eye (retrobulbar) vessels of patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). Detection of early signs of retinopathic changes in long-term diabetic patients is urgently needed.

Aim of the Work
to compare Color Doppler indices of selected posterior eye arteries using Color Doppler sonography in long term type 2 diabetic patients without diagnosed retinopathy and non-diabetic patients.

Patients and Methods
posterior eye grey scale ultrasound and color Doppler were performed in 60 patients aged 40-70 who had been divided into 2 groups: non-diabetic controls (n = 30), long-term non controlled type 2 diabetic patients (n = 30). The peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and the resistivity index (RI), of the central retinal artery and posterior ciliary arteries were measured.

Results
compared with healthy controls, the age-adjusted resistivity indices, PSV and EDV of the posterior ciliary arteries and central retinal artery were lower in patients with long term type 2 diabetes.

Conclusion
Resistivity index, PSV and EDV alteration of the posterior ciliary arteries and central retinal artery may be prevalent among patients with long term type 2 diabetic patients for prediction of early changes of DR.
Role of Doppler Ultrasound and Triphasic CT in Differentiation between Benign and Malignant Portal Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Abo El Maaty Mohamed Al Ghareib , Said Madkour Sherihan , Tolba Fawzi Mohamed Mohsen , Daood Gerges Amira Mounir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Portal vein thrombosis is typically a consequence of cirrhosis that already exists, abdominal malignancy, hypercoagulable conditions, or abdominal inflammation. Imaging techniques are used to identify portal vein thrombosis. Once a thrombus has been identified using ultrasound, Doppler ultrasonography can be used to determine if it is benign or malignant. The following step is contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance angiography if more information is needed. If these tests are insufficient, digital subtraction angiography should be carried out.

Patients and Methods
The study included 40 patients diagnosed by B mode ultrasound to have PVT and referred to the radiology department of the National Hepatology And Tropical Medicine Institute to differentiate between benign and malignant PVT using color Doppler and Triphasic CT.

Results
those 40 patients were classified according to triphasic CT criteria into 17 patients with benign PVT and 23 patients with malignant PVT which all of them had neovascularity and show early arterial enhancement and delayed wash out. Intra-thrombus pulsatile flow by color Doppler was detected in 19 patients with percentage of agreement 80%, sensitivity of 73.9% and specificity of 88.2%.

Conclusion
Color Doppler US considered an effective non invasive tool to differentiate between benign and malignant PVT, but it is an operator dependent which need an expertise to detect the vascularity within the thrombus. But is an easy, low cost, available, no contraindications to be done and no exposure to radiation. Although absence of intra-thrombus vasculature doesn`t exclude the malignant nature of the thrombus, and here come the role of Triphasic CT.
Particles versus Other Embolic Agents in Emergency Renal Artery Embolization, Various Indications And Techniques
Authors: Niazy Gamal , Sherin Wessam , Ali Farahat Said Seleim 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Renal artery embolization (RAE) refers to the occlusion of the renal artery, or some of its branches, by injection of an embolic agent through an endovascular catheter.

Aim and Objectives
to compare various embolic agents such as metallic microcoils, microspheres (embospheres), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), gelfoam and histoacryl in emergent indications and techniques for RAE in management of emergency renal diseases.

Subjects and Methods
This combined retrospective and prospective observational study was conducted at Egyptian Military Hospitals, Radiodiagnosis and Intervention departments, and Ain Shams hospitals. The study included 18 patients with clinical and radiological confirmation of symptomatic indications for urgent RAE from 2019 to 2022. The duration of the study was 3 years.

Result
small sample sized and emergent cases showing mean embolization time was 12.6 minutes with no detected recanalization nor post embolic syndrome.

Conclusion
Renal artery embolization has become an effective, versatile therapeutic and adjuvant tool for many urologic conditions, both acute and chronic. It can be applied successfully in improving preoperative management of renal tumors prior to nephrectomy, achieving hemostasis in cases of hemorrhage from trauma or from tumors such as angiomyolipomas, treating complications of renal transplantation and biopsies such as arteriovenous fistulas and pseudoaneurysms, improving symptoms in patients with arteriovenous malformations and certain chronic renal parenchymal diseases, and for treating renal artery aneurysms.
Abbreviated Breast MRI Protocols in the Screening of High-Risk Females
Authors: Chalabi Nivine AbdelMoneim , Shaaban Marwa Adel , Tantawy Salma Hassan , Maher Kotb Nada Mohamed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Standard MRI breast more often than not, have lengthy protocols that make them much more expensive and time-consuming. And in spite its great potential for early detection of breast cancer in high-risk females, its wide application remains difficult, therefore the use of abbreviated MRI protocols in breast cancer screening is introduced.

Results
This study was done on high-risk women with a lifetime risk of over 20%. The majority of the examinations were performed on women with previous history of breast cancer (63.3%), while 36.7% had moderate to high family history. An abbreviated protocol was created form the sequences obtained from the full diagnostic protocol, which consisted of a pre-contrast T1, post-contrast T1, subtraction and MIP images. On MRI examination using the conventional protocol, 36% of the women in our study were diagnosed with breast mass lesions, of which 20% were malignant masses. Benign findings, whether mass or non-mass lesions constitutes of a total of 50.1%, and about 26.7% were normal. All the malignant lesions were identified on the abbreviated protocol by the designated reader after review of the clinical history. So, the cancer detection rate in our study using the abbreviated MRI protocols revealed a Kappa agreement test of 1.000, i.e., perfect agreement with the conventional protocols for the participant females.

Conclusion
The use of abbreviated MRI breast is feasible without compromising the cancer detection rate compared to a full protocol. It also achieved a significant reduction in scanning time, interpretation time, and total cost of the study, proving its efficacy and making it a more accessible first line of screening high-risk females.
The Frequency, Patterns and Management of Bacterial Cholangitis in Living-Donor Liver Transplant Recipients with Biliary Complications: A Single Center Study
Authors: Abdel Wahed Ahmed Nagah Bassiony , Kamal Sanaa Moharram , Abdelhakam Sara Mahmoud , Khalil Dabbous Hany Mansour , Kandil Doaa Mahmoud , Mohammed Fahim Noha Alaa eldin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Biliary complications are still frequent after liver transplantation especially living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Bacterial cholangitis is a potentially life-threatening complication. Management is based on antimicrobial therapy and surgical drainage. Bile cultures can play a role in determining the causative agent and optimizing antibiotic therapy.

Aim
We aimed to assess the incidence of bacterial cholangitis among recipients of LDLL, identify the most common bacteria and their antibiotic susceptibility, and evaluate the role of bile culture and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the management of potential biliary infection.

Methods
This study was conducted at Ain Shams Center for Organ Transplantation between February 2019 and April 2022. The study included 39 LDLT recipients who developed post-transplant cholangitis on top of biliary complications. Liver function tests, imaging, ERCP, and blood and bile culture and sensitivity were performed in all patients.

Results
The incidence of biliary complications was 38.2%. Imaging and ERCP findings were consistent regarding the diagnosis of anastomotic stricture. Stones were detected by ERCP in 12 patients when magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography detected them in only one patient. The most common organism isolated from both bile and blood cultures was E. coli. Antibiotics that matched bile and blood cultures were linezolid, ceftazidime/avibactam, imipenem + cilastatin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Three bile cultures showed multidrug resistance for combination therapy.

Conclusion
Anastomotic strictures and cholangitis are common complications of LDLT. E coli is the most common organism detected in bile and blood cultures. Therefore, antibiotic selection based on concurrent blood and bile culture interpretation can help optimize therapy.
Comparison between Guy’s Stone Score and S.T.O.N.E. Score System in Predicting Stone Free Rate after PCNL
Authors: Maged Wael Ali , Hassan Ahmed Tawfick , Fahmy Nakhnoukh Tamer El-sayegh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
PCNL is the gold standard treatment modality of large and complex kidney stones. We compared the stone free status predicting ability of Guy’s stone score and S.T.O.N.E. score system.

Objective
To compare to compare between Guy’s stone score and S.T.O.N.E score system in predicting stone free rate after PCNL.

Patients and Methods
A total number of 40 patients underwent PCNL in the period between December 2021 and May 2022. All cases were evaluated and graded using both Guy score and S.T.O.N.E. score based on preoperative computerized plain ctut. The post operative stone free status was evaluated using post operative plain KUB xray and ctut. Statistical analysis was done to determine relation of the scores with the post-operative stone free status. Also receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) was drawn and area under the curve was calculated to assess the scores predictability of post-operative stone free status.

Results
The overall stone free rate of our study was 80%. Mean age of study population was 43 years (±SD10.60). we found that stone free patients had lower mean Guy score (2.00 vs 3.38) and lower mean S.T.O.N.E. score (7.84 vs 9.75). both scores had statistically significant relation with stone free status the P value was 0.001 for Guy score and 0.022 for S.T.O.N.E. score. The post operative stone free status predictability of both scores was assessed by drawing receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) and the area under the curve was calculated by ROC curve. When comparing area under the curve for both scores we found no great difference between guy score and S.T.O.N.E. score (0.867 – 95% CI 0.735-1.000) vs (0.760– 95% CI 0.569-0.951).

Conclusion
The study shows that both Guy score and S.T.O.N.E. score systems have similar predicting ability of post PCNL stone free status with strong correlation with post operative stone free status.