bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Profile, Toxicities, and Survival Outcome of MCP841 in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Current Era: A Retrospective Study from Eastern India
Authors: Banerjee Swarnabindu , Saha Sanjukta , Raychaudhuri Dibyendu , Sarkar Mihir , Datta Kalpana 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction: The overall survival in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) ranges from 45 to 81% in India. Aggressive chemotherapy protocols like MCP841 have improved the outcome and it can be delivered with minimal supportive care. This study retrospectively analyses the clinical profile and overall survival of patients treated by this protocol.
Objective: This single-center study aims to estimate the event-free survival of patients treated accordingly to the MCP841 protocol with high-dose cytarabine (HDAC) at 2 g/m2 as the backbone, along with the risk-stratified incidence and cause of mortality in childhood ALL.
Material and Methods: Records of 156 patients aged 1 to 19 years, newly diagnosed with ALL from June 2009 to August 2013 who were treated according to the forementioned protocol were analyzed. Risk stratification for both precursor B-cell ALL (B-ALL) and T-cell ALL (T-ALL) was done, followed by an analysis of the correlation of risk-stratified groups with mortality and survival outcomes.
Result: Precursor B-ALL was found in 70% patients (including 69.7% [n = 76] standard risk, 20.1% [n = 22] intermediate risk, and 10% [n = 11] high risk), while 30% had T-ALL (including 74.4% [n = 35] standard risk and 25.5% [n = 12] high risk). Death during induction occurred in 0.04% (n = 5) precursor B-ALL and 23% (n = 11) T-ALL patients. The causes were infection in 62.5%, hemorrhage in 25%, and cortical venous thrombosis in 12.5%. Among those who attained remission (89.7%, n =140), relapse occurred in 26% (n = 27) precursor B-ALL and 28% (n = 10) T-ALL patients. Approximately 31% patients died in the postinduction phase, with progressive disease due to relapse being the most common cause and bone marrow the most common site. Event-free survival at 168 months for overall population, precursor B-ALL, and T-ALL was 59, 62.4, and 51.1%, respectively.
Conclusion: A comparable survival outcome in par with similar centers in developing countries with the MCP841 protocol was found. Infections are a major cause of mortality during treatment, especially when associated with malnourishment. Relapsed disease and poor salvage rates remain a major hurdle to achieving better survival in developing countries; however, better supportive care and infection control measures along with implementing risk-stratified high-dose chemotherapy protocols might improve outcome in the future.
Populist autocratization and populist electoral autocracies: towards a unified conceptual framework
Authors: Benedek István 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlthough the research subjects of populism and autocratization studies are interconnected, the full potential of combining their focuses—the dynamic elements of political systems and institutional dimensions—into a comprehensive and systematic conceptual framework remains underexploited. This study makes a stride in this direction by reviewing and connecting these areas through the concepts of populist autocratization and populist electoral autocracies. These concepts aim to deepen our understanding of the nature of contemporary autocratization and the stability of autocracies. While the study is primarily theoretical-conceptual in nature, it also engages with methodological and operationalization considerations, and outlines a brief research agenda to demonstrate the empirical applicability of the analytical framework and lays the foundation for future research.
Size matters: measuring the private security industry in the United Kingdom
Authors: Pazzona Matteo , White Adam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe private security industry has become a central feature of the plural policing landscape in the United Kingdom. As such, it has received considerable attention in both academic and policy circles. Yet, perhaps surprisingly, there remain notable question marks over its precise size and shape. With this in mind, the article draws upon data from the Security Industry Authority and the Office of National Statistics Business Register and Employment Survey to measure the sector along three key dimensions: the number of private security officers, the number of companies and turnover. This novel methodological approach reveals a complex and contested picture of what the sector looks like at a fundamental level and, at the same time, allows for a reassessment of commonly deployed indicators such as growth rates and the ratio of private security officers to police officers during key time periods such as the Covid-19 pandemic.
Emulating Ebbinghaus forgetting behavior in a neuromorphic device based on low dimensional h-BN
Authors: Sunny Ashly , Thamankar R. 
Published: August 2024

Artificial synaptic devices that can mimic the biological synaptic functions of learning and forgetting are essential for the realization of neuromorphic computation, which could replace the von Neumann architecture. In this Letter, we have described a high-performing ultraviolet photodetector (wavelength 375 nm) using thin films of single-layer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) for potential use in fabricating a neuromorphic device. Furthermore, the classical Ebbinghaus forgetting curve can be optimized using various parameters such as the optical pulse width, number of pulses, and frequency of pulses. Our results show that the characteristic time constant (τ) has much more variability, indicating better performance control than the Ebbinghaus exponent (β). Furthermore, the performance of the optical synapse is very stable for low energy consumption, as low as 2–3 pJ.
Re-investigation on effect of equivalent diameter of the conical nozzle on cluster size
Authors: Yang Yang , Zuo Zebin , Chen Guanglong , Cao Yunjiu 
Published: August 2024

Based on the Hagena scaling law, the cluster size in a gas jet is dependent on the equivalent diameter of a conical nozzle. In this work, the effect of the equivalent diameter deq of a conical nozzle on cluster size is separated into the individual effects of the throat diameter d and the half-opening angle α by comparing the Rayleigh scattering signals from gas jets. Nine types of conical nozzles with three different throat diameters (0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 mm) and three different half-opening angles (8.5°, 14.0°, and 24.2°) are used to produce argon gas jets at gas backing pressures from 10 up to 80 bar. The experimental results show that the effect of the throat diameter d is almost the same as that expected by the scaling law. However, the scaling law overestimates the effect of the half-opening angle α. The result is helpful for the precise characterization of cluster size and further understanding the interaction between intense laser and gas clusters.
A corpus-based study of subtitling religious swear words from English into Arabic
Authors: Sahari Yousef , Qassem Mutahar , Asiri Eisa Ahmad S. , Alasmri Ibrahim , Assiri Ahmad 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Subtitling Hollywood films with religious taboo words for conservative and closed societies, such as an Arab
society, is a difficult task. This study investigates the dominant religious terms and functions used in Hollywood films and to
identify the dominant translation strategies used for them in Arabic subtitles and determines whether these strategies are source
language-oriented or target language-oriented (domesticating or foreignising). A corpus of 90 Hollywood films released between
2000 and 2018 is used to answer these questions; insights from descriptive translation studies are also taken (Toury, 2012). The corpus is analysed quantitatively and qualitatively using a
self-designed, parallel and aligned corpus of 90 films and their Arabic subtitles. Findings reveal that the functions of religious
taboo words have significant impacts on the choices of subtitling strategies. Foreignization strategies are used in roughly
two-thirds of all occurrences of religious taboo words despite the cultural distance between English and Arabic. Using Modern
Standard Arabic in Arabic subtitles limits subtitlers’ linguistic options. Furthermore, the nature of audio-visual translation
influences subtitler choices because the meaning of a word can appear on the screen as a gesture, image or sound.
The shadow drama
Authors: Andreasen Søren Mosgaard 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study examines how discursive polarization between majority populations and so-called non-Western immigrant
identities is enabled via verbal and visual metaphors in outputs by the Human Rights Service (HRS), a prominent Norwegian
extreme-right media outlet. Focusing especially on the HRS’s use of visual primary metaphors of cold and darkness, a contribution
is made to the existing literature regarding how right-wing outlets construct an image of immigrants and Muslims as threatening
Others. As such, the potential polarizing outcomes of the HRS’s visual primary metaphors are theorized to arise from a capacity to
invite certain forms of embodied cognition and implicitly associate the target identities with a range of negative emotions.
Ultimately, the HRS’s visual primary metaphors of cold and darkness are best understood as polarization vehicles that tacitly
support anti-social biases by leveraging the rapidity and efficiency with which subjects can respond emotionally to visual
information—especially fear triggers.
Enemy narratives
Authors: Bonnet Alma-Pierre 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Within the fields of narratology, cognitive linguistics and discourse analysis, this article studies how “Vote
Leave” – the “respectable” side of the pro-Brexit debate –, used storytelling to frame an exclusionary conception of the British
nation. To do so, the article relies on a critical narrative analysis of the storytelling elements at the heart of a corpus of
official documents from the 2016 campaign, and argues that those Brexit narratives were instrumental in the creation of a nativist
conception of the British nation. The paper contributes to the rich literature on Brexit narratives by adopting an original
approach focusing on what we call “enemy narratives” and on how this type of narratives helped construct a restrictive
understanding of the British nation. The result will be correlated with the growing political polarization of post-Brexit British
society and the emergence of what some researchers consider as a culture war
A comparative study of transition oscillator strengths and static polarizabilities of the hydrogen atom confined in Gaussian potential
Authors: Liu Junbo , Lai Xiangjun , Hu Ji Xiao , Liu Aihua , Montgomery Jr Henry E , Kam Ho Yew , Guang Jiao Li 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The multipole (dipole, quadrupole, and octopole) photon-absorption transition oscillator strengths for the ground state of hydrogen atom confined in Gaussian potential are investigated for a great variety of potential depths and confining radii. It is interestingly found that at fixed potential depth the gradual increase of confining radius shows first destructive and then constructive effect on the multipole oscillator strengths. Such an effect can be understood from the overlap between the initial and final states. Multipole polarizabilities of the system are obtained through the sum-over-states formalism where the contributions from both the bound and continuum spectra of the system are included. Although the separate bound and continuum contributions can not be determined accurately, due to the long-range nature of the Coulomb potential introduced by the nucleus, their summations can be obtained to reasonably good accuracy, leading to fast convergence of numerical calculations of multipole polarizabilities. The present results are compared with previous calculations available in the literature. Although good agreement is observed for the dipole polarizability, significant differences exist in the quadrupole polarizability and orders-of-magnitude differences appear in the octopole polarizability. The possible reason for such large differences is analyzed by comparing the sum rule of corresponding oscillator strengths.
Heating mode transitions in capacitively coupled CF4 plasmas at low pressure
Authors: Wen Hui , Schulze Julian , Zhang Quan-Zhi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Capacitively coupled plasmas operated in CF4 at low pressure are frequently used for dielectric plasma etching. For such applications the generation of different ion and neutral radical species by energy dependent electron impact ionization and dissociation of the neutral background gas is important. These processes are largely determined by the space and time dependent electron energy distribution function and, thus, by the electron power absorption dynamics. In this work and based on a particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision model, we show that the electron heating mode in such plasmas is sensitive to changes of the gap at a constant pressure of 3 Pa. At a gap of 1.5 cm, the dominant mode is found to be a hybrid combination of the Drift-Ambipolar (DA) and the α-mode. As the gap is increased to 2 cm and 2.5 cm, the bulk power absorption and ambipolar power absorption decreases, and the DA mode decays. When the gap reaches 3 cm, the α-mode becomes more prominent, and at a gap of 3.75 cm the α-mode is dominant. These mode transitions are caused by a change of the electronegativity and are found to affect the discharge characteristics. The presence of the DA-mode leads to significant positive electron power absorption inside the bulk region and negative power absorption within the sheaths on time average, as electrons are accelerated from the bulk towards the collapsed sheath. The heating mode transitions result in a change from negative to positive total electron power absorption within the sheaths as the gap increases. When accounting for secondary electron emission, the transition of the heating mode can occur at shorter gaps due to the enhanced plasma density and decreased electronegativity.
3D imaging and flow analysis of sandstone pore structure
Authors: Jian Lingchen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Micro CT technology can provide three-dimensional high-precision digital images with micrometer (or smaller) resolution, offering robust technical support for the study of the internal structure of rocks. Based on the data obtained from the CT scanning of Leopard sandstone, a series of image processes were carried out using the Avizo software to extract pore distribution. The watershed algorithm was employed to independently segment each pore, and the largest sphere algorithm was used to establish a sphere-tube model. Based on the constructed pore network model, quantitative analyses of the porosity, fractal dimensions, permeability, and other parameters of the sandstone sample were conducted. Moreover, the connectivity of the pores was analyzed using an automatic skeleton model. Results show: ① CT scanning digital core technology can not only visualize the three-dimensional connectivity and isolated pores of sandstone but also quantitatively characterize the pore structure parameters; ② The analyzed Leopard sandstone has a connected porosity of 13.76%, an isolated porosity of 0.53%, and the pore radius is mainly concentrated in the 0-70μm small pore range, occupying 76.1% of the total pore volume; ③ The lower the sample porosity, the higher the fractal dimension, indicating a more complex pore structure.
Application of nanomaterials for improving zinc-ion batteries performance
Authors: Chen Yixin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Extensive endeavours are underway to devise global strategies for energy storage, aiming to fulfil the burgeoning energy demands in the foreseeable future. While lead-acid batteries (LABs) and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently two common and widely used types of batteries, they are accompanied by environmental implications and safety apprehensions. In this context, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have emerged as an up-and-coming solution, exhibiting an economically viable composition and leveraging nanomaterials to enhance electrochemical performance and facilitate efficient energy storage. This passage delves into recent studies about incorporating nanoparticles in rechargeable aqueous AZIBs and evaluates their performance characteristics. A comprehensive analysis of eight studies has been conducted, scrutinizing various aspects such as electrochemical performance, stability, specific capacity, and charging rate. By juxtaposing these studies, noteworthy observations have been made regarding the impact of nanoparticles, along with insights into potential advancements for the AZIBs in the future.
Nanotechnology applied in lithium-ion battery electrode
Authors: Ma Junlong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the device that are widely used to store energy for various applications such as electric vehicles. However, the application of the LIBs still faces limitations such as energy density, durability, charging speed and safety. Nanomaterials, which have at least one dimension under nanoscale, can offer some solutions to these challenges by modifying the properties and performance of the electrode materials. In this research, recent progresses and challenges of using nanomaterials as electrode materials for LIBs are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of different types of nanomaterials are being discussed, such as nanoparticles, nanocoating, nanotubes, and nanocomposites, and their effects on the electrochemical behavior of the LIBs. On the other hand, some of the key issues and future directions for the development of nanomaterials-based LIBs are also being highlighted. This research aims to provide a comprehensive overview and perspective on the application of nanomaterials for better performance LIBs.
Assumption on the optimization direction of positive electrode materials and new methods for recycling electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wu Bingchen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
With the increasing scarcity of non-recyclable resources such as international fossil energy and coal industries, representatives from various countries at the Paris Summit advocated the strategy of “carbon neutrality, carbon peaking” and promoted the use of recyclable resources, namely electricity. There are many ways to generate electricity, such as solar power, hydroelectric power, thermal power, tidal power and wind power. However, the method of mobile storage of electricity is relatively single - using batteries. The most widely used mobile battery currently is lithium-ion battery. This research will focus on the different choices of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, analysing and comparing their performance, functional stability, lifespan, capacity, price, and working conditions under extreme temperatures. At the same time, in-depth analysis will be conducted on existing electrode material recycling methods. Finally, the development direction of electrode materials with economic benefits and promising development prospects, as well as recycling methods that are more in line with economic benefits and increase resource utilization, are proposed.
Study on adsorption of scandium by iminodiacetic acid resin TP207
Authors: Su Wenrou , Wang Zhanzhao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Scandium (Sc) is a rare transition metal applied in unique electronic/alloy materials such as magnesium scandium alloy, aluminum scandium alloy, laser glass, superconductors, and electronic components. However, scandium is extremely hard to obtain. In this paper, the iminodiacetic acid resin TP207 was first applied for the recovery of scandium from a hydrochloric acid solution. The adsorption of Sc3+ by TP207 resin was analyzed by SEM-EDS, FT-IR, and XPS. It was found that the best adsorption time was 2 hours with the equilibrium adsorption rate reaching 99%. The saturated adsorption amount of resin was 0.05g/ml. This process involves the ion exchange of scandium ions with sodium ions on the resin and the chemisorption of scandium with the -COO- group. Furthermore, the TP207 resin exhibited a quasi-second-order kinetic mechanism towards Sc3+, which was the rate of adsorption is proportional to the concentration of the reactants. In addition, the adsorption of resin for Sc3+ is an endothermic reaction by calculating the thermodynamic parameters, and there is a 3.6% difference in adsorption efficiency between the two cycle experiments. In a word, the TP207 resin is a very promising adsorbent for Sc beneficiation from the HCl system.
Application of porous carbon nanoelectrode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Huishan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In order to achieve carbon neutrality and gradually improve the current global warming environmental situation, the world’s major research teams are committed to developing lithium-ion batteries with better performance, trying to use in various new energy facilities, such as electric vehicles, which can effectively reduce polluting gas emissions. Nowadays, many electrode materials that can improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries have been continuously emerging, such as carbon nanotubes and silicon-based nanomaterials. However, carbon nanotube electrode materials have the disadvantages of high irreversible capacity, voltage lag and high manufacturing cost, while silicon-based nanomaterials also have the drawbacks of volume expansion and poor electrical conductivity. Based on the mature research of carbon materials, extensive raw material sources and large reserves, completely non-toxic and low comprehensive cost, this research analyzes three new porous carbon nanoelectrode materials with high development potential, and shows their electrochemical performance advantages, such as high charge-discharge specific capacity, excellent rate performance, and low charge transfer impedance.
Application of cathode materials in lithium ion phosphate battery and its modification
Authors: Gu Jiadong , Yang Funa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Lithium ion batteries have been widely used in various fields, such as electric vehicles, due to their excellent electrochemical performance. Especially, introducing some functional materials into batteries can further improve battery performance. This research analyses the application of lithium-ion phosphate as the cathode materials of the batteries, with a particular focus on the structural characteristics and various indices of the modification of lithium iron phosphate battery cathode materials. The electrode material is systematically described, highlighting its advantages, disadvantages, and application range while emphasizing its crucial role in different electrochemical performance such as energy density and recyclability. In addition, the relationship between the electrochemical performance and structure properties of cathode materials in LiFePO4 is summarized by placing emphasis on nanoparticle characteristics, interface environment effects, and electrode structures. This research also presents a series of achievements in modifying lithium iron phosphate cathode materials. And it identifies areas that require improvement and looks forward to future challenges and developments in lithium-ion battery cathode materials.