bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of sensory input to the spinal cord: Contribution of focal epidural polarization and of GABA released by interneurons and glial cells
Authors: Hammar Ingela , Jankowska Elzbieta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractModulation of input from primary afferent fibres has long been examined at the level of the first relays of these fibres. However, recent studies reveal that input to the spinal cord may also be modulated at the level of the very entry of afferent fibres to the spinal grey matter before action potentials in intraspinal collaterals of afferent fibres reach their target neurons. Such modulation greatly depends on the actions of GABA via extrasynaptic membrane receptors. In the reported study we hypothesized that the increase in excitability of afferent fibres following epidural polarization close to the site where collaterals of afferent fibres leave the dorsal columns is due to the release of GABA from two sources: not only GABAergic interneurons but also glial cells. We present evidence, primo, that GABA released from both these sources contributes to a long‐lasting increase in the excitability and a shortening of the refractory period of epidurally stimulated afferent fibres and, secondo, that effects of epidural polarization on the release of GABA are more critical for these changes than direct effects of DC on the stimulated fibres. The experiments were carried out in deeply anaesthetized rats in which changes in compound action potentials evoked in hindlimb peripheral nerves by dorsal column stimulation were used as a measure of the excitability of afferent fibres. The study throws new light on the modulation of input to spinal networks but also on mechanisms underlying the restoration of spinal functions.
Parental financial support and family emotional support to young adults during COVID‐19: A help or a hindrance?
Authors: Serido Joyce , Li Lijun , Vosylis Rimantas , Vasquez Katherine , Sorgente Angela , Lep Žan , Fonseca Gabriela , Crespo Carla , Relvas Ana Paula , Zupančič Maja , Lanz Margherita 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe present study focuses on the role of family support to young adult children during COVID‐19 in ameliorating the negative financial impact of the pandemic. Guided by the Conservation of Resources (COR) Theory of stress and coping, we conceptualize the negative financial impact due to COVID‐19 as a source of financial stress that would be associated with lower levels of both financial wellbeing and positive outlook of young adults. We rely on data collected from a multinational sample of young adults (ages 18–30) from six countries (China, Italy, Lithuania, Portugal, Slovenia, US; N = 2102) over a 3‐month period (July 2020–September 2020). We tested the potential effects of two types of support (i.e., parental financial support and family emotional support) using path analysis. While we find a consistent positive association between family emotional support and both financial wellbeing and positive outlook, we also find a consistent negative association between parental financial support and financial wellbeing, and a nonsignificant or negative association (Lithuania only) with a positive outlook. The significant interaction between COVID‐19 financial impact and family emotional support on young adults' positive outlook reveals that the benefit of family emotional support is more evident when the negative financial impact is low or moderate. We discuss the implications of these findings in assisting young adults to cope with financial disruptions.
AGE DISCONTINUITY AND NONEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT POLICY EVALUATION THROUGH THE LENS OF JOB SEARCH THEORY
Authors: Decreuse Bruno , Wilemme Guillaume 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRecent papers use regression discontinuity designs (RDDs) based on age discontinuity to evaluate social assistance (SA) and unemployment insurance (UI) extension policies. Job search theory predicts that such designs generate biased estimates of the policy‐relevant treatment effect. Owing to market frictions, people below the age threshold modify their search behavior in expectation of future eligibility. We use a job search model to quantify the biases on various datasets in the literature. The impacts of SA benefits on employment are underestimated, whereas those of UI extensions on nonemployment duration are overestimated. The article provides insights for RDD evaluations of age‐discontinuous policies.
Relationship between motivations and dietary behaviours within parent–adolescent dyads: Application of actor–partner interdependence models
Authors: Park So Hyun , Park Hanjong 
Published: August 2024

SummaryBackgroundParents play a substantial role in improving adolescent dietary behaviours.ObjectivesTo examine the interdependent relationships between motivations (autonomous and emotional motivation) and dietary behaviours (fruit and vegetable [F/V] and junk food and sugar‐sweetened beverage [JF/SSB] intake) within parent–adolescent dyads.MethodsThis secondary data analysis was conducted on 1522 parent–adolescent dyads using a cross‐sectional Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) study. The ratio of boys to girls among the adolescents was approximately equal, and 74% of the parents were mothers. The adolescents were between 12 and 17 years old, and 85.5% of the parents were between 35 and 59 years old. Parents and adolescents completed an online survey on dietary motivations and behaviours. Actor–partner interdependence models were performed within parent–adolescent dyads.ResultsF/V and JF/SSB intake was influenced by parents' or adolescents' autonomous motivation (actor‐only pattern), except among adolescents with obesity. A dyadic pattern was found in the relationship between autonomous motivation and F/V and JF/SSB intake, but only among adolescents with normal weight. No relationship was found between F/V and JF/SSB controlled motivation and F/V or JF/SSB intake among adolescents with overweight or obesity.ConclusionsAutonomous motivation had a significant relationship with F/V and JF/SSB intake for both parents and adolescents, but the association varied depending on the adolescents' weight. Personalized programmes that foster autonomous motivation to change dietary behaviours should be provided based on the adolescents' weight status.
Diagnosis, management and follow‐up of follicular lymphoma: a consensus practice statement from the Australasian Lymphoma Alliance
Authors: Tobin Joshua W. D. , Hapgood Greg , Johnston Anna , Cheah Chan Y. , Lee Sze T. , Trotman Judith , Inam Shafqat , Campbell Belinda A. , Norris Debbie , MacManus Michael , Hertzberg Mark , Hawkes Eliza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractFollicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma subtype, accounting for 15–20% of all lymphoma diagnoses. Although typically slow‐growing and responsive to frontline therapies, advanced‐stage FL remains incurable with current treatments and typically follows a chronic relapsing/remitting course with increasingly shorter responses to subsequent lines of therapy. Outcomes are highly variable; some patients experience prolonged first remissions that may approximate a ‘functional cure’. By contrast, a significant minority of patients experience disease progression shortly after frontline treatment resulting in high rates of lymphoma‐related mortality. Reflecting on the heterogeneous natural history of FL, clinical practice varies widely, particularly in controversial areas, including appropriate disease staging, selection of management strategies and duration of clinical follow‐up. This position statement presents an evidence‐based synthesis of the literature for application in Australasian practice.
Offering protection to immigrant youths in America: Is asylum or Special Immigrant Juvenile Status truly in the best interest of the child?
Authors: McAuliffe Erin L. , Mitchel Yakirah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the United States (US), children's ‘best interest’ principles are central to child welfare policy, but their incorporation into immigration laws is less robust. Drawing on data from international and domestic policies, interviews with legal professionals and legal guidelines, we compare how Special Immigrant Juvenile Status (SIJS) and asylum – the main forms of immigration relief for undocumented youths in the US – align with children's best interest principles. SIJS, while promising, undermines family integrity by imposing rigid child‐rearing standards that may penalize immigrant families. Asylum upholds family integrity, but the application process involves intense interviews and strict evidentiary standards that harm youths’ well‐being. Given asylum's high denial rates, the process often results in trauma without much promise of the permanency asylum can offer. Consequently, both SIJS and asylum fall short of protecting children's rights and best interests. We argue that how legal systems manage youths significantly affects youths’ well‐being and their access to rights and benefits. The impact of legal processes on youths should be paramount to best interest policies and practices. We conclude with policy recommendations for SIJS and asylum that better promote children's best interests.
Maternal experiences of women who had received salutary childbirth education: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Deliktas Demirci Ayse , Ahmedova Pervin , Kabukcuoglu Kamile 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundChildbirth education, underpinned by Salutogenesis, presents a paradigm shift in maternal care. There was no present information about the maternal experiences of women who had received Salutary childbirth education.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to deeply explore women's pregnancy, birth and postnatal experiences who attended the ‘Salutary Childbirth Education Program’ and shed light on the mechanisms of Salutogenesis on maternal health promotion.MethodsA descriptive qualitative study was conducted with 15 mothers. The study was conducted during April–October 2023. Data were obtained through semi‐structured, in‐depth individual longitudinal interviews to cover all maternal periods. A thematic analysis was performed.ResultsWomen stated that they ‘acquired normality oriented perspective’ which provides ‘attribution of positive meanings to the period’ and ‘freedom from their risk focus concerns’. Women experienced the naturality of the process and were in the flow. They described that they became ‘aware of their internal resources’, and gained ‘skills for the construction of resources’ and ‘ability to manage the period’. The ‘emotional strength’ and ‘Investment ability for themselves’ in addition to obtained autonomy provided them a feeling of strength to actively engage in their experience.Practice ImplicationsThis study explores the experiences of women who participated in the Salutary Childbirth Education Program and describes the mechanisms of the program's components on their experiences. By doing so, it aims to enhance understanding of how healthcare professionals can present effective childbirth education through the use of the Salutogenesis Model.Patient or Public ContributionThe authors would like to acknowledge and thank the women who attended the education program and were willing to interview.
New insights on hidradenitis suppurativa phenotypes and treatment response: An exploratory automated analysis of the SUNSHINE and SUNRISE trials
Authors: Passera Anna , Muscianisi Elisa , Demanse David , Okoye Ginette A. , Jemec Gregor B. E. , Mayo Tiffany , Hsiao Jennifer , Shi Vivian Y. , Byrd Angel S. , Wei Xiaoling , Uhlmann Lorenz , Vandemeulebroecke Marc , Ravichandran Shoba , Porter Martina L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDefining hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) subtypes was previously limited by small sample sizes and poor interrater reliability; no study has investigated subtype treatment responses. The objective of this analysis was to characterize HS clusters in adult patients with moderate to severe HS and evaluate secukinumab treatment responses between clusters.MethodsClusters were identified via an unsupervised machine learning clustering analysis using baseline data from the randomized, placebo‐controlled SUNSHINE (NCT03713619) and SUNRISE (NCT03713632) phase 3 trials. To assess treatment responses, patients received secukinumab every 2 (SECQ2W) or 4 weeks (SECQ4W) or placebo, for 16 weeks, after which, placebo patients randomly switched to SECQ2W/SECQ4W, and SECQ2W/SECQ4W patients maintained their original treatment, until week 52. Baseline outcomes included patient characteristics, disease characteristics and severity, HS‐associated comorbidities and previous treatment exposures. Treatment response was assessed via the HS clinical response (HiSCR), abscess and inflammatory nodule (AN) count, flares and NRS30 (skin pain).ResultsBased on baseline data, three clusters were identified from 1084 patients (Cluster 1: 54.1%, Cluster 2: 17.8%, Cluster 3: 28.1%). Cluster 1 was predominantly female (65.4%) and was characterized by milder HS. Cluster 2 had more patients from the Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa region (58.5%) and was characterized by moderate HS. Cluster 3 had the highest rates of previous exposure to biologics (45.9%) and prior HS‐related surgeries (47.5%) and was characterized by severe HS. SECQ2W and SECQ4W demonstrated efficacy versus placebo in all clusters at week 16; SECQ2W and SECQ4W efficacy was maintained to week 52. SECQ2W treatment showed a trend for greater efficacy versus SECQ4W in Cluster 3 through week 52.ConclusionsThree HS clusters were identified. Secukinumab demonstrated benefit over placebo in all clusters. However, patients with more severe disease may take longer to respond and more frequent secukinumab dosing may be required for these patients.Trial RegistrationSUNSHINE (NCT03713619) and SUNRISE (NCT03713632).
Supraperiosteal technique protocol for forehead filling with a mixture of calcium hydroxyapatite and hyaluronic acid: Double‐blind, randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Scardua Natália , Rovaris Denize Peruzzo , Moreira Kelly Maria Silva , Guimarães André Luiz Sena , Scardua Maria Tereza 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe current study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of using calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) versus CaHA associated with hyaluronic acid (HA) for forehead volume replacement and contour restoration without forehead irregularities.MethodsThis interventional study involved 132 participants in a two‐arm, parallel, double‐blind trial for forehead treatment using the supraperiosteal technique. Group A received CaHA, and Group B received a combination of CaHA and HA as filler materials. Follow‐up assessments occurred at 30 and 180 days, incorporating the 5‐point Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) and photographic analysis for forehead volume replacement, contour restoration, and without forehead irregularities. Safety assessments included monitoring adverse events, particularly nodules.ResultsThe study included all 132 enrolled patients who completed the trial. Applying CaHA in combination with HA resulted in a statistically significant improvement in both GAIS scale scores and the reduction of forehead irregularities. The total incidence of nodules was 3.7%. Group A had four times more occurrences of nodules than Group B. Furthermore, Group B exhibited lower rates of forehead irregularities following the treatment compared to Group A.ConclusionThe supraperiosteal application of CaHA and HA for forehead treatment demonstrates superior efficacy in addressing signs of aging compared to the isolated use of CaHA.
Integrating the family stress model within a longitudinal sibling‐adoption study of adolescent externalizing behavior
Authors: Oro Veronica , Bates Elizabeth J. S. , Natsuaki Misaki N. , Neiderhiser Jenae M. , Ganiban Jody M. , Shaw Daniel S. , Leve Leslie D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUsing a sample of linked adopted children, adoptive and birth parents (N = 561), and biological siblings residing in the birth parent home (N = 191), we examined the role of genetics within family stress processes. We tested parental hostility (7 years) as a mediator of the associations between socioeconomic strain and rearing parent psychopathology (4 years) and adolescent externalizing behaviors (11 years) in adoptive and biological parent homes. Next, we examined parent social support (4 years) as a moderator of paths from socioeconomic strain and parent psychopathology to parental hostility. Parental hostility significantly mediated effects of socioeconomic strain and parent psychopathology on adolescent externalizing behaviors in biological and adoptive parent homes, respectively. Equivalence testing of the paths to adolescent externalizing behaviors across family types indicated a negligible role of passive gene–environment correlation. Parent social support significantly attenuated the effect of parent psychopathology on parental hostility in biological families. Birth parent externalizing behaviors were not significantly associated with adoptee externalizing behaviors nor adoptive parent hostility, suggesting negligible heritable risk or evocative gene–environment processes. Full‐ and half‐sibling correlations indicated that children's unique rearing contexts contributed to the parenting they received and the externalizing behavior they exhibited. Implications for intervention are discussed.
Hybrid capture resolves the phylogeny of Tetradium (Rutaceae) and supports the inclusion of a species from Sulawesi
Authors: Ang Lee‐Ping , Brambach Fabian , Tomasello Salvatore , Wen Jun , Appelhans Marc S. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTetradium, a genus within Rutaceae, comprises nine species found in Eastern and Southeastern Asia, distinguished by their opposite pinnate leaves and apocarpous or subapocarpous gynoecium with follicular fruits. While Hartley's 1981 monograph provided foundational insights, a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus is lacking. Using next‐generation sequencing (NGS), this study aims to (i) establish an NGS molecular data set for Tetradium, (ii) elucidate interspecific relationships via the hybrid capture method and (iii) investigate the taxonomic status of Euodia meliifolia var. celebica. Our data set comprised 28 samples across nine species, sequenced using Illumina Miseq and Hiseq 4000 platforms, with downstream analyses conducted using the HybPhyloMaker pipeline and ASTRAL. Our findings revealed five main groups supported by both molecular and morphological data, highlighting changes in ovule number and seed functionality. Notably, the hybrid capture method proved invaluable for studying old herbarium specimens. Finally, taxonomic revisions were proposed, including the reclassification of E. meliifolia var. celebica as Tetradium celebicum, the fossil Euodia costata as Tetradium costatum, and the fossil Euodia lignata as Tetradium lignatum. An updated description for T. celebicum, supplemented by a specific identification key, is provided.
The relationship between energy provided and growth during severe wasting treatment
Authors: Potani Isabel , Tausanovitch Zachary , Ritz Christian , Briend André , Coulibaly Issa Niamanto , Ouédraogo Césaire T. , Manda Geoffrey , Kangas Suvi T. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTreatment of severe acute malnutrition aims at producing quick catch‐up growth in children to decrease their short‐term mortality risk. The extent to which catch‐up growth is influenced by the amount of energy provided is unclear. This study assessed whether energy provided at admission is associated with catch‐up ponderal growth among children with mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) < 115 mm at admission. We conducted a secondary data analysis an operational cohort in Mali. The children were treated with a simplified protocol providing 1000 kcal/day of therapeutic food until MUAC ≥ 115 mm was achieved for two consecutive weeks and 500 kcal/day thereafter until discharge with MUAC ≥ 125 mm for two consecutive weeks. Linear mixed‐effects regression models were fitted to assess the relationship between energy provided at admission (kcal/kg/day) with weight gain velocity (g/kg/day) (primary outcome), change in MUAC ‐for‐age z‐score and change in weight‐for‐age z‐score. Unadjusted models and models adjusted for sex, age, seasonality and MUAC at admission were fitted. Both models included the study site as a random effect. A 10 kcal/kg/day increase in energy provided at admission was associated with increments in all outcomes; for weight gain velocity, the mean (95% CI) increment was 0.340 [0.326, 0.354] g/kg/day and 0.466 [0.446, 0.485] g/kg/day in the unadjusted and adjusted analysis, respectively. A positive relationship exists between energy provided at admission and catch‐up ponderal growth in children with MUAC < 115 mm treated using a simplified protocol. Determining the ideal weight gain rate remains essential for assessing the benefits and risks of increased energy intake during treatment.
Gastric and sacral electrical stimulation for motility disorders—A clinical perspective
Authors: Desprez Charlotte , Leroi Anne‐Marie , Gourcerol Guillaume 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundElectrical stimulation of the gut has been investigated in recent decades with a view to treating various gastro‐intestinal motility disorders including, among others, gastric electrical stimulation to relieve nausea and vomiting associated with gastroparesis and sacral neuromodulation to treat fecal incontinence and/or constipation. Although their symptomatic efficacy has been ascertained by randomized controlled trials, their mechanisms of action are not fully understood.PurposeThis review summarizes the past year's literature on the mechanisms of action of gut electrical stimulation therapies, including their impact on the gut‐brain axis.
Vascular tissue – boon or bane? How pathogens usurp long‐distance transport in plants and the defence mechanisms deployed to counteract them
Authors: Malinowski Robert , Singh Deeksha , Kasprzewska Anna , Blicharz Sara , Basińska‐Barczak Aneta 
Published: August 2024

SummaryEvolutionary emergence of specialised vascular tissues has enabled plants to coordinate their growth and adjust to unfavourable external conditions. Whilst holding a pivotal role in long‐distance transport, both xylem and phloem can be encroached on by various biotic factors for systemic invasion and hijacking of nutrients. Therefore, a complete understanding of the strategies deployed by plants against such pathogens to restrict their entry and establishment within plant tissues, is of key importance for the future development of disease‐tolerant crops. In this review, we aim to describe how microorganisms exploit the plant vascular system as a route for gaining access and control of different host tissues and metabolic pathways. Highlighting several biological examples, we detail the wide range of host responses triggered to prevent or hinder vascular colonisation and effectively minimise damage upon biotic invasions.