bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DYNAMICS OF NON-UNIFORMITY LOADS OF AFC DRIVES
Authors: Dolipski Marian , Remiorz Eryk , Sobota Piotr 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The length of armoured face conveyors currently used in hard coal mines most often ranges between 200 m and 300 m. The machines are equipped with a main and auxiliary drive. Asynchronous motors mounted in conveyor drives feature the capacity of several hundreds of kilowatts.
The non-uniform distribution of loads onto individual drives is observed in practice. The numerical value of loads distribution onto the individual armoured face conveyor drives is represented by a drive load distribution factor. It is defined as a ratio between the load of an electric motor installed in a given drive and the total conveyor load.
The article presents a physical armoured face conveyor model intended for examining dynamic phenomena influencing the load non-uniformity of drives. Motion in this physical model is described with the system of (4 · j + 5) non-linear ordinary differential quotations of the second order. A mathematical model is obtained by adding functions describing the interwork of sprocket drums with chains and functions approximating the mechanical characteristics of asynchronous motors powered by means of frequency inverters. A large number of computer simulations was performed using this model enabling to study the impact on the load non-uniformity of drives of such parameters as motor slip, motor supply voltage drop, variations in supply voltage frequency, differences in the gear ratio of transmissions and differentiation in the pitch of scraper chain links along the chain contour.
DISTURBANCES IN SELF-SYNCHRONISATION OF VIBRATORS IN VIBRATORY MACHINES
Authors: Michalczyk Jerzy , Cieplok Grzegorz 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
An influence of elastic support elements arrangements and ratios of elasticity and damping constants in vertical and horizontal direction on self-synchronisation accuracy was investigated in the paper. The obtained results of the other factors influence on disturbances in self-synchronisation of vibrators in vibratory machines are also presented. Especially, influence of a diversification of driving and anti-torque moments, not central direction of the resulting force of the vibrators set , the local flexibility of mounting of vibrators to the machine body and influence of collisions with a feed were described.
New approach to integrated data management in special materials processing
Authors: Gawlik Józef , Kiełbus Anna , Karpisz Dariusz 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Development of high-precision products of difficult to process materials often requires use of unconventional techniques and manufacturing technologies. The studies are labor-and cost-consuming. Development of a database in which they are collected and available informations necessary for designers of machinery and process design engineers, process is a matter of considerable importance. This paper presents the principles of design and structure of the database DBSMP (DataBase Special Materials Processing) and its implementation to manufacturing.
Experimental investigations of normal deformation characteristics of foundation chocks used in the seating of heavy machines and devices part i. theoretical fundamentals and investigations of a steel chock
Authors: Grudziński Paweł , Konowalski Konrad 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
This paper presents a description and results of experimental studies of normal deformations occurring in foundation chocks made of steel and epoxy resin, used in the so-called rigid seatings (mountings) of heavy machines and devices on foundations. The studies carried out have shown that these kinds of seatings are not perfectly rigid. In both cases there are significant normal deformations which play an important role in the foundation bolted connections of machines and devices. These deformations should not be neglected in strength and dynamic analysis of these objects. Mechanisms and characteristics of the deformations occurring in the examined chocks made of steel and resin are different in terms of quality and quantity. These differences are important because they have a major impact on the technical and functional quality of the seating. The studies show that the foundation chocks cast of resin provide a better technical solution which ensures greater reliability and durability of the mounted objects. The entire elaboration consists of two parts, constituting separate publications. Part I describes first the technical and scientific aspects of the so-called rigid seatings (mountings) of machinery on foundations, and then the method and results of experimental studies carried out for a steel foundation chock, traditionally used for this purpose. Part II contains a description and results of similar studies carried out for a foundation chock cast of resin. Subsequently, a comparative analysis of the test results of two chocks was made and demonstrated why the foundation chocks cast of resin fulfill their tasks better than the traditionally used metal chocks.
Effect of the Composition and Autoclave Sterilization of Diets for Laboratory Animals on Pellet Hardness and Growth Performance of Mice
Authors: Barszcz Marcin , Tuśnio Anna , Taciak Marcin , Paradziej-Łukowicz Jolanta , Molenda Marek , Morawski Andrzej 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of modifications of ingredient composition and autoclaving of feeds for laboratory animals on pellet hardness and growth performance of mice. Composition of two breeding diets, containing either casein or soybean meal as the main protein sources, was modified by a change of wheat to maize proportions, or by oil and/or fibre supplementation (in casein containing diets only). The diets were pelleted and autoclaved at 121°C for 20 min. Pellet hardness of nonautoclaved soya diets was smaller than of casein diets except for those supplemented with oil. Oil supplementation tended to reduce or reduced pellet hardness of nonautoclaved but not of autoclaved diets whereas change of cereal proportion and type of fibre had no effect. Autoclaving increased pellet hardness of all diets, cancelled softening effect of oil supplementation of nonautoclaved casein diets and reduced difference between casein and soya containing diets. Pellet hardness was correlated with fat, fibre, starch, ash and phosphorus content. In mice, total consumption of autoclaved diets was greater than of nonautoclaved diets. Body weight was not affected by diet whereas it was decreased by autoclaving only in the 3rd and 6th week of experiment, the differences being of a very small magnitude. Growth of male mice depended on nutrient content, especially fibre, ash, phosphorus and energy, whereas body weight of females was highly correlated with phosphorus content. The dependencies differed between weeks of experiment
Level of Fatty Acids, Selected Quality Traits of Longissimus Dorsi and Semimembranosus Muscles and Their Relationship with Fattening and Slaughter Performance in Polish Landrace Pigs
Authors: Żak Grzegorz , Pieszka Marek , Migdał Władysław 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive analysis of the level of fatty acids and selected meat quality traits, as well as their association with fattening and slaughter performance in Polish Landrace pigs. The study was conducted for two muscles: musculus longissimus dorsi and musculus semimembranosus. The study used 100 Polish Landrace gilts. The experimental animals originated from nucleus farms located in Poland. Their parents were animals with a known status of the RYR 1 genotype (all animals were dominant homozygotes). Pigs were fattened, slaughtered and evaluated postmortem in piggeries of the Experimental Stations of the National Research Institute of Animal Production using test station procedures. After reaching 100 kg body weight, pigs were slaughtered and their half-carcasses dissected. Fattening and slaughter parameters were determined. Meat samples were analysed for crude fat using the Soxhlet method. The composition of higher fatty acids was determined by gas chromatography. Research results indicate that saturated fatty acids found in m. longissimus dorsi and m. semimembranosus were positively correlated to n-3 and n-6 PUFA . A similarly high correlation was observed between the level of UFA and n-6 and n-3 PUFA in the loin and ham. The fact that the proportions of some acids (e.g. n-6/n-3 PUFA ) fail to meet WHO standards requires making efforts to improve them. Likewise, selection work is necessary to improve IMF levels in meat. The low correlations between meat quality traits and fattening and slaughter performance suggest that quality parameters should be regarded as independent traits in pig improvement models. In order to limit meat quality traits in pig improvement models, it is necessary to make use of the correlations between them
Comparison of different polynomial functions in Random Regression Model for milk production traits of Iranian Holstein dairy cattle
Authors: Mohammadi Ali , Alijani Sadegh , Daghighkia Hossein 
Published: May 2014

Abstract The aim of this research was to compare different polynomial functions including Legendre polynomials (LP), Wilmink (WRR) and Ali-Schaeffer (ARR) functions, in random regression model (RRM) for estimation of genetic parameters for milk production traits of Iranian Holstein dairy cattle. For this purpose the performance records obtained from test-day (TD) regarding milk yield, fat and protein contents of the cows calving for the first time were used. The numbers of records for the above mentioned traits were 701212, 657004, and 560775, respectively. These records were collected from the years 2006 to 2010 by the National Breeding Center of Iran. The genetic parameters were estimated using Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) method by applying RRM. Residual variances were considered homogeneous over the lactation period. To compare the model, different criteria (-2Logl, AIC, BIC and RV) were used for considered traits. Based on the results obtained, for all traits, RRM with LP function (2,5) were chosen as the best model. Considering residual variance (RV), LP (2,2) was proved to be a model which has the lowest performance, while using -2Logl, AIC, BIC criteria, RRM with ARR function was the worst model. According to the results, it is recommended to use LP with low orders for the additive genetic effects and with more orders for the permanent environment effects in the RRM for Iranian Holstein cattle. Permanent environment variance was higher in early lactation than during lactation and additive genetic variance in the early lactation was lower than at the end of lactation. Heritability range of milk yield, fat and protein contents was estimated to be from 0.08 to 0.23, 0.05 to 0.20 and 0.08 to 0.14, respectively. Phenotypic variance of the considered traits during lactation was not constant and it was higher at the beginning and the end of lactation. The additive genetic correlation between adjacent test days was higher than between distant test days.
The properties of fermented beef products ripened as entire primal cuts of m. semitendinosus, m. semimembranosus and mm. psoas major and minor
Authors: Węsierska Ewelina , Szołtysik Marek , Migdał Władysław 
Published: May 2014

Abstract The physico-chemical, biochemical and microbiological changes in raw fermented beef products, manufactured from semitendinosus (ST), semimembranosus (SM), psoas major and minor (PM) muscles during ripening were evaluated. The accumulation of free fatty acids (1550, 2660, 1850 mg/kg) and the increase of lactobacilli (about 0.2 log cfu/g) had an effect on the pH. The low pH (4.9) reduced the coagulase-negative cocci population (0.2 log cfu/g) and affected the free amine groups content (185.2 and 25 μM Gly/kg) in the PM with the lowest fat content (2.9%). At the end of the ripening process the ST contained a similar quantity of water, protein, fat and proteolysis products as the SM, however small peptides were generated in all products. The release of volatile compounds could be affected by the drying mainly due to the increase of fat (free fatty acid transformations) and activity of bacterial cells (amino acid transformations, fermentation under aerobic or anaerobic conditions). The results of a two-way analysis of variance for physico-chemical, biochemical and microbiological attributes showed that all the analysed factors significantly influenced the level of the evaluated variables in the ST, SM and PM products (P<0.01) excluding the type of product and its effect on the fat, ash, 2-phenylethylamine and putrescine content, pH and the coagulase-negative cocci count in the ST and SM. The interactions between the type of product and the ripening period were highly significant, with the exception of the yeasts and the LAB, existing in the external and internal layer of the products.
Nutritional and immunomodulatory function of methionine in poultry diets – a review
Authors: Jankowski Jan , Kubińska Magdalena , Zduńczyk Zenon 
Published: May 2014

AbstractMethionine (Met) plays many important metabolic functions in humans and animals, and therefore may be classified as a functional amino acid (AA). Functional AAs are defined as those AAs that participate in and regulate key metabolic pathways to improve health, survival, growth, development, and reproduction of organisms. As the first-limiting AA in poultry diets, Met affects poultry production parameters such as body weight gains, feed conversion ratio and carcass quality. The results of many experiments on chickens fed diets with different levels of Met (from 0.3 to 1.2% in the starter period, and from 0.3 to 0.9% in the grower period) indicate that commercial broiler chickens do not require more than 0.50 and 0.38% Met in starter and grower diets, respectively, for optimum growth and feed efficiency, whereas higher inclusion rates of Met are needed to stimulate immune responses. The results of recent experiments on chickens are insufficient to define the optimal dietary levels of Met, which has been shown to exert immunostimulatory activity. A few experiments on layer hens have demonstrated that Met requirements for immune competence are higher than for optimum production, but the inclusion levels of this AA needed to stimulate the immune system of birds have not been defined. In the absence of such research, it remains unknown whether feeding growing turkeys diets supplemented with Met above NCR recommendations, as suggested by B.U.T. (British United Turkeys), stimulates the immune system of birds.
Effect of restricted feeding in the far-off period on performance and metabolic status of dairy cows
Authors: Nowak Włodzimierz , Mikuła Robert , Pruszyńska-Oszmałek Ewa , Stefańska Barbara , Maćkowiak Paweł , Kasprowicz-Potocka Małgorzata , Frankiewicz Andrzej 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate experimentally the effects of restricted or ad libitum feeding in the far-off period on performance of dairy cows. Two groups of Polish Holstein-Friesian cows having 19 animals in each group were allotted to two planes of nutrition in the far-off period from -56 to -22 days. The ADLIB group was fed ad libitum (DMI 12.9 kg) while in the RES group the dry matter intake was restricted by 3 kg DM compared to the average dry matter during the last 7 days in the ADLIB group. Average daily energy intake decreased from 8.90 UFL in the ADLIB to 6.83 UFL in the RES group. In the close-up period and after parturition, the cows of both groups were given the same diet. In restrictively fed cows, there was a tendency to a greater decrease in BCS during both the dry period (P=0.09) and lactation (P=0.07). After parturition milk production, fertility indices and blood concentration of IGF-1, insulin and glucose were not significantly affected by the far-off treatment. In the RES group, lower BHBA 3 days before calving and on day 5 of lactation and lower NEFA on day 28 of lactation were recorded. Also in this group higher levels of glucose 3 days before calving, triiodothyronine (T3) on days -30 and 5, and thyroxine (T4) on days -3 and 28 were observed. It is concluded that restricted feeding in the far-off period positively affected blood indicators of lipomobilization during the transition period, but had little effect on performance of lactating cows. In spite of low energy, high-fibre diet offered ad libitum in the faroff period resulted in the energy overfeeding compared to the INRA system recommendation.
Determinants Of Dominance, Resting Place And Neighbour Preferences In Wrzosówka Polska Ewes Kept Indoors
Authors: Górecki Marcin T. , Dziwińska Natalia 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to recognize features determining social hierarchy in Wrzosówka Polska ewes kept indoors as well as to investigate their resting place and companionship preferences. Observations (156 hours in total) were carried out in a group of 22 ewes. The social rank of sheep was determined by their age, body weight and length of horns. Social position was positively correlated with aggressive behaviour performed and negatively with aggressive behaviour received. Use of space while resting was influenced by ewe social behaviour; aggressive individuals lied more often in attractive places, namely against walls and fodder troughs compared to other animals. In general, the ewes rested by having physical contact with animals of similar rank and aggressiveness. Kinship appeared not to be important in neighbour preference. As can be concluded, social interactions influenced the use of space and neighbourhood in ewes
Dehorning of Calves – Methods of Pain and Stress Alleviation – A Review
Authors: Kupczyński Robert , Budny Anna , Śpitalniak Kinga , Tracz Ewa 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
Dehorning of calves is intended to facilitate handling and increase the safety of people and animals. The study aimed to review the methods of calf dehorning and use of pharmacological analgesic, anaesthetic and sedation drugs, as well as their impact on pain perception. Regardless of the age of calves, dehorning is always associated with pain and stress. The changes in behaviour, physiological parameters, changes in heart rate, respiratory rate and increased cortisol secretion are observed during this procedure. The welfare of calves is significantly reduced during dehorning. Many studies point to minimization of the pain perceived by the use of pharmacological agents. Beneficial effects were observed with the combined use of anaesthetics and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs
The role of ozone therapy in maintaining the articular function and in relieving the pain for patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Camelia Ciobotaru , Madalina Iliescu , Tatiana Mandru , Marilena Panait , Oana Arghir 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
Ozone Therapy is thought to be a non-pharmacological therapy, which makes use of oxygen and ozone, It is based on the ozone characteristics, such as the antibacterial and antimycotic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory, of systemic modulation of homeostasy and of the optimization of the way the organs and systems function, but also of tissue bionourishing. Some of the beneficial effects of the ozone are: the enhancement of the oxygen supply in the tissues affected by inflammation and pain, the increase of the blood stream and the removal of the metabolic waste in the joints affected, the obstruction of the substances which maintain the inflammation and pain, an immunomodulatory action upon the whole body, the stimulation of the health improving mechanisms in the body, a mio-relaxing action and thus, a better joint mobility and a better body system functioning
Necrotizing fasciitis with group A Streptococci and Eggerthella lenta as a complication of Varicella in a child – case presentation –
Authors: Claudia Cambrea Simona , Margareta Ilie Maria , Sorina Carp Dalia , C. Ionescu 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT
Necrotizing fasciitis is a life threatening condition that can be quickly spread through the flesh surrounding the muscle. The disease can be polymicrobial, or caused by group A beta hemolytic Streptococci, or by Clostridium spp. We present a case of a 7 years old girl, which was hospitalized in Children Infectious Diseases Department in a 7th day of chickenpox (hematic crusts all over the body), high fever, asthenia, vomiting, oligoanuria, and tumefaction, pain and functio lessa in the right thigh. In a very short time in the right thigh swelling, edema and congestion have increased gradually, and in the third highest middle thigh the ecchymotic areas appeared evolving towards bubbles and blisters which included the right thigh and calf. After excluding the diagnosis of thrombophlebitis was raised suspicion of necrotizing fasciitis. CT pelvic scan evidenced pelvic asymmetry by maximus and medium right gluteal muscles swelling with important inflammatory infiltrate extended laterally in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. In blood culture was isolated Eggerthella lenta, and from throat swab was isolated group A Streptococci. Treatment consists of a combination of antibiotics associated with intravenous immunoglobulin administration. Despite medical treatment evolution worsened and required transfer in a pediatric surgery department where emergent surgical debridement associated with intensive antibiotic therapy was done. After this intervention evolution was slowly favorable without major limb dysfunction. Polymicrobial necrotizing fasciitis is a severe disease, which if recognized early can have a
favorable outcome.
Risk estimation and stochastic control of innovation processes
Authors: Sgurev Vassil , Drangajov Stanislav 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The innovation introduction, no matter whether a product, technology, a method, etc., is being implemented, is connected with considerable risk of investments loss and highly stochastic behaviour, depending on unpredictable factors. It is acknowledged that the innovation passes at least through 6 general stages: 1 - Prestart stage; 2 - Start stage; 3 - Initial expansion stage; 4 - Quick expansion stage; 5 - Stage of reaching liquidity of venture investments; 6 - Stage of project failure and its cancelling. Each state may be refined in details. It is important for the Decision Maker (DM) on one hand to be able to estimate the risk of transitions from a state to state and the probability also for profitable outcome of the initiative - for this purpose a network flow model is proposed; and on the other hand - it is useful if the DM may apply different actions at each stage so that to minimize the losses and maximize the final profit - for this purpose a Markov Decision Process is proposed, which is very closely related to the network flow model and both may be united in a Markov flow.
From non-Kählerian surfaces to Cremona group of P2(C)
Authors: Dloussky Georges 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
For any minimal compact complex surface S with n = b2(S) > 0 containing global spherical shells (GSS) we study the effectiveness of the 2n parameters given by the n blown up points. There exists a family of surfaces S → B with GSS which contains as fibers S, some Inoue-Hirzebruch surface and non minimal surfaces, such that blown up points are generically effective parameters. These families are versal outside a non empty hypersurface T ⊂ B. We deduce that, for any configuration of rational curves, there is a non empty open set in the Oeljeklaus-Toma moduli space such that the corresponding surfaces are defined by a contracting germ in Cremona group, in particular admit a birational structure.