bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Centrality Dependence of Productions for Single Hadrons and Inclusive Jets in High-Energy p + A Collisions with NLO QCD*
Authors: Chen Shi-Yong , Shen Ke-Ming , Dai Wei , Zhang Ben-Wei , Zhang Han-Zhong , Wang En-Ke 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
By using the recent spatially dependent nuclear PDF set EPS09s, we investigated the centrality-dependent Cold Nuclear Matter (CNM) effects for neutral π, η mesons and inclusive jets at RHIC in d+Au collisions and at LHC in p+Pb collisions. The nuclear modification factors as functions of transverse momentum are plotted at different centralities bins respectively. At all fixed centralities, the nuclear modification factors show no significant suppressions, contrast to the strong suppressions observed for central Au+Au collisions. Our results are consistent with the PHENIX preliminary Data in minimum bias and central d+Au collisions. The LHC experimental Data also support our predictions for both single inclusive hadron and inclusive jets productions in central p+Pb collisions. And the centrality dependence of the nuclear suppressions for all the observations in our calculations are lower than the RHIC and LHC Data.
Impact of Late Oseltamivir Treatment on Influenza Symptoms in the Outpatient Setting: Results of a Randomized Trial
Authors: McLean Huong Q. , Belongia Edward A. , Kieke Burney A. , Meece Jennifer K. , Fry Alicia M. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
We conducted a double-blind, randomized trial of 134 outpatients with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza to assess the effects of oseltamivir initiated 48–119 hours after illness onset. Oseltamivir treatment did not reduce illness duration, severity, or duration of virus detection. However, the power of this study was limited due to lower than expected enrollment.
Symptoms of Autonomic Dysfunction in Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Chow Dominic , Nakamoto Beau K. , Sullivan Katherine , Sletten David M. , Fujii Satomi , Umekawa Sari , Kocher Morgan , Kallianpur Kalpana J. , Shikuma Cecilia M. , Low Phillip 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
This retrospective study evaluated the frequencies of symptoms associated with autonomic dysfunction in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on stable combined antiretroviral therapy. Patients infected with HIV reported higher frequencies of dysautonomia symptoms compared with HIV-negative patients, particularly in the autonomic domains related to urinary, sleep, gastroparesis, secretomotor, pupillomotor, and male sexual dysfunction.
Neisseria sicca Endocarditis Presenting as Multiple Embolic Brain Infarcts
Authors: Kirlew Christine , Wilmot Kobina , Salinas Jorge L. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
A 58 year old male presented with a 14 day history of progressive forgetfulness and aggressiveness. He had a history of human immunodeficiency virus infection, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and a myxomatous mitral valve (status post Saint Jude's mitral valve replacement 8 years before presentation). International normalized ratio was supra-therapeatutic on admission. A non-contrast computed tomography of the brain indicated multiple infarcts with hemorrhagic conversion. The source was later found to be a rare case of Neisseria sicca endocarditis.
Financing the foreign trade: the case of an India textile exporter
Authors: Rajput Namita , Bhagat Rohit , Bhagat Saachi Bhutani 
Published: July 2015

Subject area
Trade Finance, International Trade, International Business, Emerging Markets, Textile Industry.

Study level/applicability
This case has been designed for the students studying courses on International Business during their graduation/post-graduation. Students are expected to have basic knowledge of International Trade and are also expected to study the different ways of financing the foreign trade to appreciate the case.

Case overview
The case describes the various ways of financing of foreign trade. The case has been designed in the context of an Indian Textile Exporter who has grown steadily over the past years. As business has increased, simultaneously the requirement of funds for the exporter has also increased. Through the medium of conversations, the different ways of financing the foreign trade have been explained in detail. Equipped with this knowledge, students are required to discuss the pros and cons of the different ways of financing the foreign trade. The case also discusses the dilemma of foreign currency hedging. This is a common dilemma faced by importers and exporters as they grow over a period of time.

Expected learning outcomes
This case has been designed to: understand the various ways of financing the foreign trade and understand their merits and demerits; understand the difference between factoring and forfeiting understand how the Exim Bank of India plays an important role in supporting exporters and importers in India; and understand the various ways of hedging the foreign currency risk.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
Mahindra Powerol: powering entrepreneurial growth within a corporate group
Authors: Srinivasan R. 
Published: July 2015

Subject area
Corporate Strategy, Vertical integration, Diversification.

Study level/applicability
Graduate.

Case overview
The case discusses the evolution, decline and turnaround of Mahindra Powerol, a division inside the large Indian business group, Mahindra & Mahindra (M&M). The Powerol division had its genesis from the then Farm Equipment Sector, when they used the surplus capacity in the tractor manufacturing facilities to produce and sell power generators (Gensets). Powerol capitalized on the rapid growth of the Indian telecommunications sector and the need for power backup at remote locations for the mobile communication towers. Adopting a lean asset model, it transformed the industry ecosystem and grew rapidly. As the telecom opportunity saturated, Powerol performance declined, but quickly rebound as it diversified into other products. As Powerol continues its diversification journey, there are questions about how Powerol can leverage the lean asset model that was their source of competitive advantage in the Gensets market, into other businesses.

Expected learning outcomes
Introduce the fundamental logic of vertical integration. The case elucidates how and when a firm vertically integrates/outsources its operations.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request Teaching notes Instructional Note and Case consent form.
Introducing modern technology to promote transparency in health services
Authors: Islam Mohammad Shafiqul 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– Quantitative indicators show that Bangladeshi maternal and child healthcare is progressing satisfactorily. However, healthcare quality is still inadequate. It is hypothesised that modern technology enhances healthcare quality. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how modern technology such as electronic record keeping and the internet can contribute to enhancing Bangladeshi healthcare quality. This study also explores how socio-economic and political factors affect the healthcare quality.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper is based on a qualitative case study involving 68 in-depth interviews with healthcare professionals, elected representatives, local informants and five focus group discussions with healthcare service users to understand technology’s effect on health service quality. The study has been conducted in one rural and one urban service organisations to understand how various factors contribute differently to healthcare quality.

Findings
– The findings show that modern technology, such as the internet and electronic devices for record keeping, contribute significantly to enhancing health service transparency, which in turn leads to quality health and family planning services. The findings also show that information and communication technology (ICT) is an effective mechanism for reducing corruption and promoting transparency. However, resource constraints impact adversely on the introduction of technology, which leads to less transparent healthcare. Progress in education and general socio-economic conditions makes it suitable to enhance ICT usage, which could lead to healthcare transparency, but political and bureaucratic factors pose a major challenge to ensure transparency.

Practical implications
– This paper can be a useful guide for promoting governance and healthcare quality in developing countries including Bangladesh. It analyses the ICT challenges that healthcare staff face when promoting transparent healthcare.

Originality/value
– This paper provides a deeper understanding of transparency and healthcare quality in an ICT context using empirical data, which has not been explored in Bangladesh. This critical thinking is useful for policy makers and healthcare practitioners for promoting health service quality.
Patient safety culture: finding meaning in patient experiences
Authors: Bishop Andrea C. , Cregan Brianna R. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to determine what patient and family stories can tell us about patient safety culture within health care organizations and how patients experience patient safety culture.Design/methodology/approach– A total of 11 patient and family stories of adverse event experiences were examined in September 2013 using publicly available videos on the Canadian Patient Safety Insitute web site. Videos were transcribed verbatim and collated as one complete data set. Thematic analysis was used to perform qualitative inquiry. All qualitative analysis was done using NVivo 10 software.Findings– A total of three themes were identified: first, Being Passed Around; second, Not Having the Conversation; and third, the Person Behind the Patient. Results from this research also suggest that while health care organizations and providers might expect patients to play a larger role in managing their health, there may be underlying reasons as to why patients are not doing so.Practical implications– The findings indicate that patient experiences and narratives are useful sources of information to better understand organizational safety culture and patient experiences of safety while hospitalized. Greater inclusion and analysis of patient safety narratives is important in understanding the needs of patients and how patient safety culture interventions can be improved to ensure translation of patient safety strategies at the frontlines of care.Originality/value– Greater acknowledgement of the patient and family experience provides organizations with an integral perspective to assist in defining and addressing deficiencies within their patient safety culture and to identify opportunities for improvement.
Epistemological trends in educational leadership studies in Israel: 2000-2012
Authors: Eyal Ori , Rom Noa 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to identify the epistemological trends in the Israeli Educational Leadership (EL) scholarship between the years 2000 and 2012.

Design/methodology/approach
– The 51 studies included in this review were detected through a systematic search in online academic databases. Abstracts of studies identified as being relevant for this review were read, however, only empirical studies which addressed EL constructs, practices, and processes were ultimately included. As part of data analysis, studies were classified using categorization techniques. To ensure trustworthiness, two independent researchers systematically analyzed all studies. Themes were then compared with thematic trends found in other EL reviews.

Findings
– Three themes, which reflect conceptual and methodological distinctions, emerged in this review: first, the impact of leadership on school effectiveness; second, the politics of leadership; third, alternative lenses of leadership. Findings revealed a prevalence of studies adopting alternative lenses in the Israeli scholarship, though they represent a blind spot internationally. In addition, findings revealed a blank spot in the Israeli research attributed to few studies which embed leadership into the realm of instruction, though they are prevalent around the world.

Originality/value
– Theoretically, the findings of this review are valuable for providing a foundation from which to address the blank and blind spots in the field of EL. Practically, its contributions offer insights regarding the cultural complexities of EL-related constructs which may be valuable for local and international EL academics, policymakers, and practitioners, researching or implementing EL scholarship worldwide.
Relationships, instruction, understandings: one district’s implementation of rounds
Authors: Roegman Rachel , Hatch Thomas , Hill Kathryn , Kniewel Victoria S. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to show how instructional rounds contributes to shared understandings and facilitates the development of relationships among administrators.Design/methodology/approach– This mixed methods study draws on three years of data in a district engaged in rounds. Administrators annually completed a social network survey, which focussed on how often they interacted around instructional issues. Additionally, the authors conducted semi-structured interviews with a purposeful sample of administrators.Findings– Administrators have increased their participation in and understanding of instructional rounds, as well as their understanding of district initiatives. However, results are mixed when looking at the quantitative data. While the theory of rounds suggests that the process would lead to increased interactions, the authors found a statistically significant decrease.Research limitations/implications– Implications include examining rounds as part of a district’s set of formal and informal structures. Also, results suggest further examination of how turnover impacts networks. Finally, expanding the number of interviews may present a more mixed qualitative experience of rounds.Practical implications– As districts adopt initiatives based on observations, rounds can be used to support administrators’ growth in understanding these initiatives. Simultaneously, districts need to consider the purpose for both central office and building administrators and how those purposes align with protocols, norms, and practices they use.Originality/value– This paper advances the empirical knowledge on instructional rounds, which has been gaining popularity, though little empirical analysis exists of the process, how its theory of action is enacted, and how administrators experience rounds.
Conceptualizing social justice: interviews with principals
Authors: Wang Fei 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– Today, as the understanding of diversity is further expanded, the meaning of social justice becomes even more complicated, if not confusing. The purpose of this paper is to explore how school principals with social justice commitment understand and perceive social justice in their leadership practices.

Design/methodology/approach
– A qualitative research design is used for this study. In total, 22 school principals in Ontario were interviewed. The interviews glean data on principals’ work context, their perceptions of social justice, and anecdotes, stories, and examples concerning social justice in their practices.

Findings
– The research findings draw attention to the central importance of awareness of the social injustices in schools – in structure, policy, and practices – and open space for debate on what can be considered as leadership for social justice. They also provide a useful starting point in exploring how leadership roles and practices can be improved to reverse injustices associated with the diversity of students based on race, socioeconomic status, gender, sexual orientation, and ability.

Originality/value
– What principals perceive may have a significant impact on the actions and practices for social justice. Therefore, it is important to gain insight into principals’ persecutions and perspectives on social justice as they may become norms and criteria that guide their actions.
Leadership toward creativity in virtual work in a start-up context
Authors: Humala Iris Annukka 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to better understand how to lead toward creativity in virtual work in a start-up context.Design/methodology/approach– The study investigates the participants’ experiences about the learning challenges in leadership toward creativity in virtual work in a start-up company and the meanings attributed to their experiences, and the measures they see to meet those challenges. The data have been gathered on a Finnish partnership start-up company through interviews capturing peoples’ personal perspectives and experiences. This study uses a qualitative research study approach to better understand leadership toward creativity in virtual work in a start-up.Findings– The results underline the importance of co-creative and assertive coaching leadership in a start-up to foster creativity and create new shared value. Key persons’ multiliteracy skills and lobbying are means to manage social and physical distances in virtual work.Practical implications– The study suggests collaborative coaching leadership and assertiveness for start-ups to minimize mistakes in virtual work. Practitioners must unlearn old courses of action to learn to operate in a start-up environment and utilize information and communication technology in a smart way.Originality/value– The paper gives empirical evidence in a start-up context about combining leadership and creativity within the virtual work research.
Developing a supportive learning environment in a newly formed organisation
Authors: Lancaster Sue , Di Milia Lee 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The aim of this study was to examine the factors that employees perceived were important in creating a supportive learning environment in a recently merged organisation. The study provides rich qualitative data from the employees’ perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
– This case study used a qualitative phenomenological constructivist approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed with the aid of NVivo. The study was conducted in a large government-owned organisation in Australia and the sample consisted of 24 recent graduates of leadership development programs.

Findings
– The results suggested that together with the organisation’s leadership, there are several distinguishing characteristics of a learning environment. These include learning with colleagues, openness to new ideas and change, building relationships, open communication, sharing the learning, coaching and reflection. Providing support for managers to gain confidence and self-awareness was important to their ability to apply their learning. The results also suggest that learning with colleagues from different regional and functional areas helps to reform subcultures and contributes to an overarching learning culture and hence to creating a supportive learning environment. Some hindrances were also discovered.

Originality/value
– This study gives voice to employee perceptions of the important factors required to create a supportive learning environment. The authors used a qualitative methodology in a field dominated by quantitative studies to provide rich data that extends the extant literature.
Beyond being present: learning-oriented leadership in the daily work of middle managers
Authors: Döös Marianne , Johansson Peter , Wilhelmson Lena 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of learning-oriented leadership as being integrated in managers’ daily work. The particular focus is on managers’ efforts to change how work is carried out through indirect acts of influence. In their daily work, managers influence the organisation’s learning conditions in ways that go beyond face-to-face interaction. Neither the influencer nor those influenced are necessarily aware that they are engaged in learning processes.Design/methodology/approach– The research was part of a larger case study. The data set comprised interviews with nine middle managers about ways of working during a period of organisational change. A learning-theoretical analysis model was used to categorise managerial acts of influence. The key concept concerned pedagogic interventions.Findings– Two qualitatively different routes for indirect influence were identified concerning social and organisational structures: one aligning, that narrows organisational members’ discretion, and one freeing, that widens discretion. Alignment is built on fixed views of objectives and on control of their interpretation. The freeing of structures is built on confidence in emerging competence and involvement of others.Research limitations/implications– The study was limited to managers’ descriptions in a specific context. An issue for future research is to see whether the identified categories of learning-oriented leadership are found in other organisations.Practical implications– The learning-oriented leadership categories cover a repertoire of acts of influence that create different learning conditions. These may be significant for the creation of a learning-conducive environment.Originality/value– Managerial work that creates conducive conditions for learning does not need to be a specific task. Learning-oriented elements are inherent in aspects of managerial work, and managers’ daily tasks can be understood as expressions of different kinds of pedagogic intervention.
Integrative capability for successful partnering: a critical dynamic capability
Authors: Jiang Wei , Mavondo Felix tinoziva , Matanda Margaret Jekanyika 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to advance the concept of “integrative capability” as a critical dynamic capability (DC) and empirically investigate its implications for a firm’s sustainable competitive advantage in business partnerships.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study is based on an empirical analysis of a sample of 300 manufacturing firms in south and central China.

Findings
– Integrative capability is an important mediator in relationship between operational capabilities (managerial, marketing and technological capabilities) and firm performance. Integrative capability has a significant direct impact on a firm’s performance (marketing effectiveness and financial performance) and also indirect impact via the creation of new operational capabilities.

Practical implications
– Managers should recognise the significant payoffs of developing integrative capability. Integrative capability helps a firm transfer the benefits of operational capabilities from alliances partners to superior firm performance. Further, integrative capability also effectively updates and renews a firm’s operational capabilities that lead to an enhanced firm performance.

Originality/value
– Extending the DC literature, this study untangles the complex relationship among operational capabilities, DC and firm performance. Moreover, the study adds new insights into extant literature by conceptualising, operationalising and empirically testing one specific DC – integrative capability.