bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolving Practices in Immune-Related Adverse Event Management: Insights From the IMMUCARE Multidisciplinary Board
Authors: Varnier Romain , Fontaine-Delaruelle Clara , Freymond Nathalie , Essongue Aurore , Bouali Anissa , Boschetti Gilles , Lebosse Fanny , Tartas Sophie , Milley Sarah , Cugnet-Anceau Christine , Novel-Catin Etienne , Joubert Bastien , Massy Emmanuel , Dalle Stéphane , Maillet Denis 
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE The management of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) requires multidisciplinary boards to handle complex cases. This study aimed to examine the evolving practices of the IMMUCARE board and to evaluate its impact on clinical practices. MATERIALS AND METHODS The IMMUCARE board gathers oncologists and organ specialists from the Cancerology Institute of the Lyon University Hospital since 2018. We conducted a retrospective analysis of its activity (participants' specialty, referred cases, and recommendations) from 2018 to 2021, coupled with a survey among the physicians who participated. RESULTS Across 68 board meetings, 245 cases from 195 patients were discussed. Each board had a median of six participants (IQR, 5-8). Participation rates varied across specialties and also over time (participation of nephrologists and rheumatologists significantly increased over time, whereas it decreased for endocrinologists). Most of the referred patients (89%) were treated at our center. Only 4% of referrals concerned eligibility for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), whereas the majority pertained to irAEs. The board recommended ICI interruption for 56% and steroids for 41% of them. Immunosuppressants were recommended in 17% of cases, with a notable increase over time. ICI reintroduction was debated in 50% of cases, and the board identified a definitive contraindication in 26% of them. The survey of 49 of 98 physicians showed that the board significantly affected immunosuppressant introduction and ICI rechallenge decisions. The board's educational and collaborative benefits were highlighted, but time constraints posed challenges. CONCLUSION Our 4-year analysis of irAE management practices reveals changing patterns in the distribution of cases presented and in specialists' involvement. Dedicated multidisciplinary boards remain essential, particularly for intricate cases. Expanding access to these boards is crucial to ensure comprehensive care for all patients.
Assessing the Validity of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Measure in Identifying Potentially Preventable Emergency Department Visits by Patients With Cancer
Authors: Alishahi Tabriz Amir , Turner Kea , Hemati Homa , Baugh Christopher , Elston Lafata Jennifer 
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented chemotherapy measures (OP-35) to reduce potentially preventable emergency department visits (PPEDVs) and hospitalizations. This study evaluated the validity of the OP-35 measure in identifying PPEDVs among patients with cancer.

METHODS

This is a cross-sectional study, which used data from the 2012-2022 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. ED visits are assessed and compared on the basis of three measures: immediacy using Emergency Severity Index (ESI), disposition (discharge
v
hospitalization), and OP-35 criteria.

RESULTS
Between 2012 and 2022, a weighted sample of 46,723,524 ED visits were made by patients with cancer. Among reported ESI cases, 25.2% (8,346,443) was high urgency. In addition, 30.3% (14,135,496) of ED visits among patients with cancer led to hospitalizations. Using the OP-35 measure, it was found that 20.85% (9,743,977) was PPEDVs. A 21.9% (10,232,102) discrepancy between discharge diagnosis (CMS billing codes) and chief complaints was identified. Further analysis showed that 19.2% (1,872,556) of potentially preventable ED visits (CMS OP-35) were high urgency and 32.6% (3,181,280) resulted in hospitalization.

CONCLUSION
The CMS approach to identifying PPEDVs has limitations. First, it may overcount preventable visits by including high-urgency or hospitalization-requiring cases. Second, relying on final diagnoses for retrospective preventability judgment can be misleading as they may not reflect the initial reason for the visit. In addition, differentiating causes for ED visits in patients with cancer undergoing various treatments is challenging as the approach does not distinguish between chemotherapy-related complications and others. Identification inconsistencies arise because of varying coding practices and chosen preventable conditions, lacking consensus and alignment with specific hospital or patient needs. Finally, the model fails to consider crucial nonclinical factors like social support, economic barriers, and alternative care access, potentially unfairly penalizing hospitals serving underserved populations.
Development of functional spermatozoa in mammalian spermiogenesis
Authors: Miyata Haruhiko , Shimada Keisuke , Kaneda Yuki , Ikawa Masahito 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Infertility is a global health problem affecting one in six couples, with 50% of cases attributed to male infertility. Spermatozoa are male gametes, specialized cells that can be divided into two parts: the head and the flagellum. The head contains a vesicle called the acrosome that undergoes exocytosis and the flagellum is a motility apparatus that propels the spermatozoa forward and can be divided into two components, axonemes and accessory structures. For spermatozoa to fertilize oocytes, the acrosome and flagellum must be formed correctly. In this Review, we describe comprehensively how functional spermatozoa develop in mammals during spermiogenesis, including the formation of acrosomes, axonemes and accessory structures by focusing on analyses of mouse models.
Physical Activity and Excess Body Weight and Adiposity for Adults. American College of Sports Medicine Consensus Statement
Authors: Jakicic John M. , Apovian Caroline M. , Barr-Anderson Daheia J. , Courcoulas Anita P. , Donnelly Joseph E. , Ekkekakis Panteleimon , Hopkins Mark , Lambert Estelle Victoria , Napolitano Melissa A. , Volpe Stella L. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Excessive body weight and adiposity contribute to many adverse health concerns. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recognizes that the condition of excess body weight and adiposity is complex, with numerous factors warranting consideration. The ACSM published a position stand on this topic in 2001 with an update in 2009, and a consensus paper on the role of physical activity in the prevention of weight gain in 2019. This current consensus paper serves as an additional update to those prior ACSM position and consensus papers. The ACSM supports the inclusion of physical activity in medical treatments (pharmacotherapy, metabolic and bariatric surgery) of excess weight and adiposity, as deemed to be medically appropriate, and provides perspectives on physical activity within these therapies. For weight loss and prevention of weight gain, the effects may be most prevalent when physical activity is progressed in an appropriate manner to at least 150 min·wk−1 of moderate-intensity physical activity, and these benefits occur in a dose–response manner. High-intensity interval training does not appear to be superior to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for body weight regulation, and light-intensity physical activity may also be an alternative approach provided it is of sufficient energy expenditure. Evidence does not support that any one single mode of physical activity is superior to other modes for the prevention of weight gain or weight loss, and to elicit holistic health benefits beyond the effects on body weight and adiposity, multimodal physical activity should be recommended. The interaction between energy expenditure and energy intake is complex, and the effects of exercise on the control of appetite are variable between individuals. Physical activity interventions should be inclusive and tailored for sex, self-identified gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age, and developmental level. Intervention approaches can also include different forms, channels, and methods to support physical activity.
Dynamic response diagnosis of an ultrasound field in water utilizing a birefringence-Zeeman dual-frequency laser
Authors: Sheng Junwen , Jiang Ziran , Fu Shengjie , Wang Zilin , Liu Fen , Gao Fan , Liu Weixin 
Published: July 2024

The interesting interaction between the laser and the ultrasound field in a liquid medium has been an issue in optical physics research, attracting a large number of experimental and theoretical studies. To facilitate the real-time detection of dynamic ultrasonic signals within liquid environments, experiments involving laser heterodyne and self-mixing interferometry were employed. In order to achieve the purpose of the research, we designed a birefringent-Zeeman dual-frequency laser for the experiments. Through experimental and simulation studies, we elucidated the physical mechanism of ultrasound signals propagating in liquid media and their modulatory impact on laser systems. Meanwhile, the ultrasonic signal frequency measured via the laser self-mixing interferometry approach exhibits an average error of 0.87%, a signal intensity of −14.55dBm, and sensitivity is 28.9 dB higher than laser heterodyne interferometry. These high-precision, high-resolution optical detection methodologies promise to rectify the shortcomings inherent in traditional ultrasonic detection techniques concerning calibration.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with breech presentation in planned community (home and birth center) births in the United States: A prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Schafer Robyn , Bovbjerg Marit L. , Cheyney Melissa , Phillippi Julia C. 
Published: July 2024

Objective
Investigate maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with breech presentation in planned community births in the United States, including outcomes associated with types of breech presentation (i.e., frank, complete, footling/kneeling)

Design
Secondary analysis of prospective cohort data from a national perinatal data registry (MANA Stats)

Setting
Planned community birth (homes and birth centers), United States

Sample
Individuals with a term, singleton gestation (N = 71,943) planning community birth at labor onset

Methods
Descriptive statistics to calculate associations between types of breech presentation and maternal and neonatal outcomes

Main outcome measures
Maternal: intrapartum/postpartum transfer, hospitalization, cesarean, hemorrhage, severe perineal laceration, duration of labor stages and membrane rupture
Neonatal: transfer, hospitalization, NICU admission, congenital anomalies, umbilical cord prolapse, birth injury, intrapartum/neonatal death

Results
One percent (n = 695) of individuals experienced breech birth (n = 401, 57.6% vaginally). Most fetuses presented frank breech (57%), with 19% complete, 18% footling/kneeling, and 5% unknown type of breech presentation. Among all breech labors, there were high rates of intrapartum transfer and cesarean birth compared to cephalic presentation (OR 9.0, 95% CI 7.7–10.4 and OR 18.6, 95% CI 15.9–21.7, respectively), with no substantive difference based on parity, planned site of birth, or level of care integration into the health system. For all types of breech presentations, there was increased risk for nearly all assessed neonatal outcomes including hospital transfer, NICU admission, birth injury, and umbilical cord prolapse. Breech presentation was also associated with increased risk of intrapartum/neonatal death (OR 8.5, 95% CI 4.4–16.3), even after congenital anomalies were excluded.

Conclusions
All types of breech presentations in community birth settings are associated with increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. These research findings contribute to informed decision-making and reinforce the need for breech training and research and an increase in accessible, high-quality care for planned vaginal breech birth in US hospitals.
Implementing the patient partnership approach to quality improvement of care and services: A multiple case study protocol
Authors: Deslauriers Tania , Gaboury Isabelle , Jackson Mathieu , Vachon Brigitte 
Published: July 2024

Context
Patient and family partners are being increasingly engaged worldwide in processes aimed at the quality improvement (QI) of healthcare services. There is also growing interest in documenting these engagement processes within organizations to share and improve them. To support the provincial implementation of this approach, the Quebec’s ministry of health and social services published, in 2018, the “Framework for the partnership approach between patients, their families and health and social service stakeholders”. However, while this framework provides guidelines by describing each partner’s role and the ways in which patient and family partners should be engaged in QI processes, it remains unclear how these recommendations were actually used and implemented by different healthcare organizations. The aim of this paper is to present the protocol of a multiple case study that is being conducted to document how this approach was implemented in different large healthcare organizations in Quebec. This study is being conducted in partnership with a patient partner/co-researcher.

Methods
This qualitative multiple case study will be conducted in four large healthcare organizations in Quebec. Twelve to 15 key respondents will be recruited for each case. Data will be collected from multiple sources: 1) semi-structured individual interviews with the key respondents, 2) non-participant observations of the meetings of the QI committee engaging PFPs and 3) analysis of documents describing the implementation context, vision, structures and/or processes. The framework method will be used to conduct intracase and intercase qualitative data analysis.

Discussion
The multiple cases included will allow for comparisons between different ways of engaging PFPs in QI processes within an organization, the factors influencing these practices, their advantages and disadvantages, and their implementation outcomes. The conclusions drawn from this study will allow us to make recommendations regarding PFP engagement in the QI of care and services and to propose implementation examples for other organizations wishing to design and implement PFP engagement initiatives in their context in Quebec or elsewhere.
Poverty, childcare responsibilities, and stigma hinder adolescent mothers from returning to school in a low-income urban informal settlement in Kenya
Authors: Mukabana Sheila , Abuya Benta , Kabiru Caroline W. , Ajayi Anthony Idowu 
Published: July 2024

Background
While a few studies have examined barriers to school re-entry among adolescent mothers, studies focusing on the experiences of girls in low-income informal settlements are scarce. We examined the factors that hindered parenting girls living in a resource-constrained urban setting from re-enrolling in school.

Study setting
We conducted the study in Korogocho, a low-income urban informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya.

Methods
Barriers to school re-entry were documented through inductive thematic analysis of 32 in-depth interviews with pregnant and parenting adolescent girls aged 15 to 19 years (N = 22), parents/guardians (N = 10), and 10 key informant interviews with teachers (N = 4), and community leaders (N = 6).

Results
Interviewed girls blamed their being out of school on their childcare responsibilities, poverty, stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes from students and teachers, and withdrawal of parental support. While parents, teachers, and community leaders agreed that poverty and lack of childcare support hindered parenting girls from returning to school, they contended that robust support systems encompassing childcare and financial support, and less hostile school environments constituted facilitators of school re-entry among parenting adolescents.

Conclusion
While the 2020 National Guidelines for School Re-entry in Kenya seek to deter the exclusion of adolescent mothers from education thereby ensuring retention, transition and completion at all basic education levels, the findings underscore the need for programs that ensure that pregnant and parenting adolescents have the requisite financial, material, and childcare support to facilitate their retention or re-enrollment in school in line with the Guidelines. School administrators and the Ministry of Education should develop and implement interventions that make the school environment less hostile for parenting girls.
Implications of monoclonal gammopathy and isoelectric focusing pattern 5 on the free light chain kappa diagnostics in cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Hannich Malte J. , Konen Franz F. , Gag Konrad , Alkhayer Aiham , Türker Seda N. , Budde Kathrin , Nauck Matthias , Wurster Ulrich , Dressel Alexander , Skripuletz Thomas , Süße Marie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Oligoclonal bands (OCB) analysis is the reference standard for detecting an intrathecal IgG synthesis. Alongside OCB, free light chains kappa (FLCκ) are considered an additional sensitive biomarker for determining patterns 2 or 3, indicating intrathecal Ig synthesis. However, kFLC IF is not suitable for detecting a monoclonal pattern 5. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of incorporating FLCκ analysis into routine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diagnostics instead of OCB testing on the rate of missed monoclonal IgG detection.

Methods
A two-center retrospective biomarker study was conducted. OCB were identified using isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels followed by silver staining or in agarose gels followed by immunofixation. FLCκ were quantified using nephelometry and FLCκ assay (Siemens).

Results
Out of a combined total of 17,755 OCB analyses conducted between 2011 and 2021, a subset of 269 cases (1.5 %) exhibited pattern 5. 98 samples (36 %), which included 18 samples with intrathecal inflammation as determined by additional OCB pattern 2 were included in the FLCκ analysis. Of those, 16 (89 %) had intrathecal FLCκ synthesis.

Conclusions
While FLCκ offers a promising avenue for detecting an intrathecal inflammation, the pattern 5, though rare, remains a valuable additional finding of OCB analysis. A combined approach of FLCκ and OCB analysis is recommended for a comprehensive assessment of the humoral intrathecal immune response.
Analysis of spiral antenna for enhancing antenna-plasma coupling impedance for SST-1 tokamak
Authors: Yadav Dimple , Gahlaut Vishant , Kaushik Meenu , Singh Raj 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA detailed characterization of a high-power radio frequency (RF) broadband circularly polarized two-arm spiral antenna is designed to operate within the frequency range of 0.1–1.0 GHz. The impedance matching network technique is introduced to optimize its performance. The traditional spiral antenna is excited by a vertical or horizontal balun, whereas the proposed design is directly fed by a coaxial cable featuring a planar feeding section specially optimized to achieve broadband input impedance matching. The spiral antenna is designed as per the steady-state superconducting tokamak (SST-1) port space constraints. The simulated efficiency of the RF power coupling with the hydrogen plasma is ∼70 %. Through simulation, it was evident that the proposed antenna exhibited inherent resonance at 0.5 GHz with a reflection coefficient of −27.94 dB and an axial ratio is 3.39 dB respectively. The obtained outcomes unequivocally demonstrate the circular polarization of the designed antenna. Overall, the findings support the enhancement of plasma heating and current drive techniques in fusion research.
Metamaterial-based transmit and receive antennas for wireless image transfer at 5.8 GHz
Authors: Borah Rashmi , Pal Neha , Jha Arjesh , Jayant Shailesh , Rai Gobind , Birwal Amit , Patel Kamlesh 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, the performance of two metamaterial-based antennas – transmit antennas with a double negative index (DNI) and receive antenna with an epsilon near zero (ENZ) material is described for image transfer application. These three-layered antennas are simulated and fabricated on Roger RO3003 substrate. The transmit antenna achieves a gain of 5.5 dBi and a bandwidth of 3.9 GHz, while the receive antenna reports a gain of 11.4 dBi with a 3-dB angular beam width of 32.5° at 5.8 GHz. These antennas are employed with a commercially available transmitter with a camera and receiver. Few images are captured at various distances and simultaneously transferred to the receiver. The images transferred wirelessly are found better in terms of the image quality score obtained using the Blind/Reference less Image Spatial Quality Evaluator (BRISQUE) method, compared to those transferred using the standard dipole antennas. So, the proposed metamaterial-based antennas are suitable for wireless image/video transfer applications.
Consumer Perceptions Matter: A Case Study of an Anomaly in English Football
Authors: Reade J. James , van Ours Jan C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In 1983 England’s fifth-tier football competition introduced a two-points-for-a-home-win and three-points-for-an-away-win reward system. This system was abolished after three seasons. The anomalous point system may have been introduced to reduce home advantage but the reasons are not fully clear and neither are the reasons for abolishing the system shortly after its introduction. We find that the new point system did not affect match outcomes but it did influence match attendance negatively. We speculate that the alternative point system was perceived as unfair to potential buyers of seasonal tickets or individual match tickets some of whom as a response decided to avoid watching the game in person. Consumer perceptions seem to matter.
Crystal stucture of 3-benzamido-N-(2-bromo-4-(perfluoropropan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-fluorobenzamide
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Fu Kai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
C24H12BrF11N2O2, M = 648.26 g/mol, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.9871(10) Å, b = 9.6519(10) Å, c = 13.8769(13) Å, α = 88.141(3)°, β = 83.049(3)°, γ = 87.821(4)°, V = 1193.5(2) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0604, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1624, T = 170 K.
Crystal structure of bis(benzyltrimethylammonium) tetrathiotungstate(VI), {(C6H5CH2)(CH3)3N}2[WS4]
Authors: Kim Kang-Woo , Kim Sunghyeon 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
C20H32N2S4W, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 37.4033(15) Å, b = 17.2676(7) Å, c = 16.4860(6) Å, β = 109.319(1)°, V = 10,048.2(7) Å3, Z = 16, R
gt(F) = 0.0422, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0930, T = 223 K.
Crystal structure of S-(4-carboxybutyl)-
l
-cysteine
Authors: Waters James K. , Mossine Valeri V. , Kelley Steven P. , Mawhinney Thomas P. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
C8H15NO4S, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.0215 (3) Å, b = 7.0392 (5) Å, c = 28.0593 (19) Å, V = 991.82 (11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0462, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0899, T = 100 K.