bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain grey matter abnormalities in medication-free patients with major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Y.-J. , Du M.-Y. , Huang X.-Q. , Lui S. , Chen Z.-Q. , Liu J. , Luo Y. , Wang X.-L. , Kemp G. J. , Gong Q.-Y. 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundBecause cerebral morphological abnormalities in major depressive disorder (MDD) may be modulated by antidepressant treatment, inclusion of medicated patients may have biased previous meta-analyses of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies. A meta-analysis of VBM studies on medication-free MDD patients should be able to distinguish the morphological features of the disease itself from those of treatment.MethodA systematic search was conducted for the relevant studies. Effect-size signed differential mapping was applied to analyse the grey matter differences between all medication-free MDD patients and healthy controls. Meta-regression was used to explore the effects of demographics and clinical characteristics.ResultsA total of 14 datasets comprising 400 medication-free MDD patients and 424 healthy controls met the inclusion criteria. The pooled meta-analysis and subgroup meta-analyses showed robustly reduced grey matter in prefrontal and limbic regions in MDD. Increased right thalamus volume was only seen in first-episode medication-naive patients, and increased grey matter in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex only in medication wash-out patients. In meta-regression analyses the percentage of female patients in each study was negatively correlated with reduced grey matter in the right hippocampus.ConclusionsBy excluding interference from medication effects, the present study identified grey matter reduction in the prefrontal–limbic network in MDD. The subgroup meta-analysis results suggest that an increased right thalamus volume might be a trait directly related to MDD, while an increased anterior cingulate cortex volume might be an effect of medication. The meta-regression results perhaps reveal the structural underpinning of the sex differences in epidemiological and clinical aspects of MDD.
Neural response during attentional control and emotion processing predicts improvement after cognitive behavioral therapy in generalized social anxiety disorder
Authors: Klumpp H. , Fitzgerald D. A. , Angstadt M. , Post D. , Phan K. L. 
Published: March 2014

BackgroundIndividuals with generalized social anxiety disorder (gSAD) exhibit attentional bias to salient stimuli, which is reduced in patients whose symptoms improve after treatment, indicating that mechanisms of bias mediate treatment success. Therefore, pre-treatment activity in regions implicated in attentional control over socio-emotional signals (e.g. anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) may predict response to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), evidence-based psychotherapy for gSAD.MethodDuring functional magnetic resonance imaging, 21 participants with gSAD viewed images comprising a trio of geometric shapes (circles, rectangles or triangles) alongside a trio of faces (angry, fearful or happy) within the same field of view. Attentional control was evaluated with the instruction to ‘match shapes’, directing attention away from faces, which was contrasted with ‘match faces’, whereby attention was directed to emotional faces.ResultsWhole-brain voxel-wise analyses showed that symptom improvement was predicted by enhanced pre-treatment activity in the presence of emotional face distractors in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex. Additionally, CBT success was foretold by less activity in the amygdala and/or increased activity in the medial orbitofrontal gyrus during emotion processing.ConclusionsCBT response was predicted by pre-treatment activity in prefrontal regions and the amygdala. The direction of activity suggests that individuals with intact attentional control in the presence of emotional distractors, regulatory capacity over emotional faces and/or less reactivity to such faces are more likely to benefit from CBT. Findings indicate that baseline neural activity in the context of attentional control and emotion processing may serve as a step towards delineating mechanisms by which CBT exerts its effects.
Secondary removal ofMyristica fatua(Myristicaceae) seeds by crabs inMyristicaswamp forests in India
Authors: Krishna Shivani , Somanathan Hema 
Published: March 2014

Abstract:Little is known about the role of crabs as seed dispersers and predators. Recently, there has been interest in understanding their influence on plant recruitment in coastal forests. Secondary seed removal by crabs in a swamp-specialist tree,Myristica fatua, was investigated in the rare and patchy freshwaterMyristicaswamps in the Western Ghats in India. Tethered-line experiments were used to determine the role of crabs as secondary seed-removal agents in two study sites. Crabs transported a large percentage (63.3%) of seeds (n = 60) placed on the forest floor compared with rodents (25%) and other unknown agents (13.3%). Simultaneous choice experiments suggested that the nutrient-rich arils covering seeds were consumed, but there was no evidence for seed predation by crabs. A small percentage (13.3%) of monitored seeds (n = 60) germinated from within crab burrows. The spatial scale of secondary removal by crabs was restricted to < 10 m. In these fragmented swamp forests, secondary removal by crabs retains seeds largely within the swamps, where conditions for their establishment and survival are optimal. Thus, secondary seed removal by crabs could provide temporal and spatial refugia from seed predators such as rodents inMyristica fatua.
Semantic composition of business processes using Armstrong's Axioms
Authors: Celik Duygu , Elci Atilla 
Published: March 2014

AbstractLack of sufficient semantic description in the content of Web services makes it difficult to find and compose suitable Web services during analysis, search, and matching processes. Semantic Web Services are Web services that have been enhanced with formal semantic description, which provides well-defined meaning. Due to insertion of semantics, meeting user demands will be made possible through logical deductions achieving resolutions automatically. We have developed an inference-based semantic business process composition agent (SCA) that employs inference techniques. The semantic composition agent system is responsible for the synthesis of new services from existing ones in a semi-automatic fashion. SCA System composes available Web Ontology Language for Web services atomic processes utilizing Revised Armstrong's Axioms (RAAs) in inferring functional dependencies. RAAs are embedded in the knowledge base ontologies of SCA System. Experiments show that the proposed SCA System produces process sequences as a composition plan that satisfies user's requirement for a complex task. The novelty of the SCA System is that for the first time Armstrong's Axioms are revised and used for semantic-based planning and inferencing of Web services.
Stallings graphs, algebraic extensions and primitive elements in F2
Authors: PARZANCHEVSKI ORI , PUDER DORON 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe study the free group of rank two from the point of view of Stallings core graphs. The first half of the paper examines primitive elements in this group, giving new and self-contained proofs for various known results about them. In particular, this includes the classification of bases of this group. The second half of the paper is devoted to constructing a counterexample to a conjecture by Miasnikov, Ventura and Weil, which seeks to characterize algebraic extensions in free groups in terms of Stallings graphs.
Ardelia Hall: From Museum of Fine Arts to Monuments Woman
Authors: Reed Victoria 
Published: March 2014

Abstract:Ardelia Ripley Hall (1899–1979) served from 1946 until 1962 as the Fine Arts and Monuments Adviser to the U.S. Department of State. In this role she oversaw the recovery and restitution of movable cultural property that had been displaced during the Second World War. In spite of her vast accomplishments, almost nothing has been written on Ardelia Hall, and little is known about her life. She began her career at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, but personal circumstances led to her resignation in 1941. During the war, she was employed by the Office of Strategic Services. The expertise she established as an art historian working with the Roberts Commission at this time led to her appointment at the State Department in 1946. This essay traces for the first time Hall’s remarkable journey from curatorial researcher to adviser on international art restitution.
Facile route to synthesise larger mesoporous nickel silicate coated on carbon nanotubes and application for dye removal
Authors: Xia Peixiong , Zhang Min , Zheng Jing , Zheng Yue , Xu Jingli 
Published: March 2014

Presented is a facile route to synthesise mesoporous nickel silicate coated on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a larger hole based on the mesoporous silica coated on the CNTs, the pore size of the mesoporous silica coated on the CNTs was enlarged from 2.72 to 7.8 nm after a hydrothermal reaction with nickel ions. Compared with other work for expanding the size of the pore, the authors’ presented method is low cost, simple and highly efficient. More importantly, this method shows great potential in applying other types of mesoporous materials such as SBA‐15 and so on, all of which indicate that both the mesoporous nickel silicate coated on the CNTs and the mesoporous silica coated on the CNTs could serve as good candidates for adsorption on the organic pollutants.
Synthesis and characterisation of magnetic‐fluorescent Fe3O4@SiO2@ZnS nanocomposites
Authors: Jiang Caidi , Mo Zunli , Pu Bin , Zhang Chun 
Published: March 2014

Bifunctional magnetic‐fluorescent Fe3O4@SiO2@ZnS nanocomposites were synthesised by a chemical deposition method. The Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles as the core were obtained by means of a solvothermal reaction with SiO2 as the shell. ZnS particles were linked to Fe3O4@SiO2 core–shell nanostructures. The morphology and properties of the resultant Fe3O4@SiO2@ZnS nanocomposites were investigated by X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, a vibration sample magnetometer and fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that bead‐like structures were built from numerous Fe3O4@SiO2@ZnS microspheres with an average size of 250 nm. The saturation magnetisation (Ms) value of Fe3O4@SiO2@ZnS nanocomposites was 22.41 emu/g at room temperature. Furthermore, a strong blue light emission was observed from the nanocomposites under UV light irradiation. The combination of magnetic and fluorescent properties may lead to Fe3O4@SiO2@ZnS nanocomposites having a variety of potential applications in the field of biomedicine, such as bioimaging and cell separation.
Threshold voltage study of scaled self‐aligned In0.53Ga0.47As metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor for different source/drain doping concentrations
Authors: Dehzangi A. , Razip Wee M.F. Mohd , Wichmann N. , Bollaert S. , Buyong M.R. , Majlis B.Y. 
Published: March 2014

A multi‐gate n‐type In0.53Ga0.47As metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor is fabricated using the gate first self‐aligned method and air‐bridge technology with an 8 nm thick Al2O3 oxide layer. By scaling the gate length down to 200 nm, the effect of two different source/drain doping concentrations on device parameters such as threshold voltage, Ion/Ioff ratio and subthreshold swing were investigated at room temperature. Increasing the value of the source/drain doping concentration revealed an enhancement in all investigated parameters. Sheet resistance and contact resistance values were improved as well. The negative shift in threshold voltage for shorter gate lengths was observed for both source/drain concentrations; however, the shift in threshold voltage was less (∼0.4 V) for the higher source/drain doping concentration.
False Copies: Education, Imitation, and Citizenship in theSatyricon
Authors: Lamp Kathleen S. 
Published: March 2014

ABSTRACTPetronius’s Satyricon, long recognized as a commentary on rhetorical education, particularly declamation, forms a broad critique of (rhetorical) educational practices in the first century rooted in imitation—declamation, Greek Atticism, imperial rhetoric—and the types of citizens produced by such practices. Problematically, Petronius’s critique, which seeks to redefine class based on a certain cultivated taste or judgment as opposed to material wealth, assumes an elite perspective and falls into the long dismissed “decline narrative” of Roman rhetoric once prevalent in the history of rhetoric. This article seeks to move beyond “Trimalchio vision,” a term used by art historian Lauren Hackworth Peterson to classify derogatory attitudes toward freedmen, to suggest that rhetorical education in the first century reached its intended audience, producing upwardly socially mobile administrators and city patrons in the empire. In other words, rhetorical education was reaching a mass audience in first-century Rome.
OncomiRDB: a database for the experimentally verified oncogenic and tumor-suppressive microRNAs
Authors: Wang Dongfang , Gu Jin , Wang Ting , Ding Zijian 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Summary: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small regulatory RNAs, play important roles in cancer initiation, progression and therapy. MiRNAs are found to regulate diverse cancer-related processes by targeting a large set of oncogenic and tumor-suppressive genes. To establish a high-confidence reference resource for studying the miRNA-regulated target genes and cellular processes in cancer, we manually curated 2259 entries of cancer-related miRNA regulations with direct experimental evidence from ∼9000 abstracts, covering more than 300 miRNAs and 829 target genes across 25 cancer tissues. A web-based portal named oncomiRDB, which provides both graphical and text-based interfaces, was developed for easily browsing and searching all the annotations. It should be a useful resource for both the computational analysis and experimental study on miRNA regulatory networks and functions in cancer.
Availability and implementation: http://bioinfo.au.tsinghua.edu.cn/oncomirdb/
Contact: jgu@tsinghua.edu.cn
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Warm dark matter does not do better than cold dark matter in solving small-scale inconsistencies
Authors: Schneider Aurel , Anderhalden Donnino , Macciò Andrea V. , Diemand Jürg 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Over the last decade, warm dark matter (WDM) has been repeatedly proposed as an alternative scenario to the standard cold dark matter (CDM) one, potentially resolving several disagreements between the CDM model and observations on small scales. Here, we reconsider the most important CDM small-scale discrepancies in the light of recent observational constraints on WDM. As a result, we find that a conventional thermal (or thermal-like) WDM cosmology with a particle mass in agreement with Lyman α is nearly indistinguishable from CDM on the relevant scales and therefore fails to alleviate any of the small-scale problems. The reason for this failure is that the power spectrum of conventional WDM falls off too rapidly. To maintain WDM as a significantly different alternative to CDM, more evolved production mechanisms leading to multiple dark matter components or a gradually decreasing small-scale power spectrum have to be considered.
Divide and Conquer approach for Genome Classification based on subclass characterization
Authors: Patil S.S. , Murty M.N. , Angadi U.B. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractClassification of large grass genome sequences has major challenges in functional genomes. The presence of motifs in grass genome chains can make the prediction of the functional behavior of grass genome possible. The correlation between grass genome properties and their motifs is not always obvious, since more than one motif may exist within a genome chain. Due to the complexity of this association most pattern classification algorithms are either vain or time consuming. Attempted to a reduction of high dimensional data that utilizes DAC technique is presented. Data are disjoining into equal multiple sets while preserving the original data distribution in each set. Then, multiple modules are created by using the data sets as independent training sets and classified into respective modules. Finally, the modules are combined to produce the final classification rules, containing all the previously extracted information. The methodology is tested using various grass genome data sets. Results indicate that the time efficiency of our algorithm is improved compared to other known data mining algorithms.
Early hearing loss and language abilities in children with Down syndrome
Authors: Laws Glynis , Hall Amanda 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundAlthough many children with Down syndrome experience hearing loss, there has been little research to investigate its impact on speech and language development. Studies that have investigated the association give inconsistent results. These have often been based on samples where children with the most severe hearing impairments have been excluded and so results do not generalize to the wider population with Down syndrome. Also, measuring children's hearing at the time of a language assessment does not take into account the fluctuating nature of hearing loss in children with Down syndrome or possible effects of losses in their early years.AimsTo investigate the impact of early hearing loss on language outcomes for children with Down syndrome.Methods & ProceduresRetrospective audiology clinic records and parent report for 41 children were used to categorize them as either having had hearing difficulties from 2 to 4 years or more normal hearing. Differences between the groups on measures of language expression and comprehension, receptive vocabulary, a narrative task and speech accuracy were investigated.Outcomes & ResultsAfter accounting for the contributions of chronological age and nonverbal mental age to children's scores, there were significant differences between the groups on all measures.Conclusions & ImplicationsEarly hearing loss has a significant impact on the speech and language development of children with Down syndrome. Results suggest that speech and language therapy should be provided when children are found to have ongoing hearing difficulties and that joint audiology and speech and language therapy clinics could be considered for preschool children.
Long‐term effects of PECS on social–communicative skills of children with autism spectrum disorders: a follow‐up study
Authors: Lerna Anna , Esposito Dalila , Conson Massimiliano , Massagli Angelo 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is a popular augmentative communication system frequently used with ‘nonverbal’ children with autism. Several studies suggested that PECS could represent an effective tool for promoting improvement of several social–communicative skills. Only sparse evidence is instead available on the long‐term effectiveness of this treatment system.AimsTo test the long‐term effects of PECS, for which a follow‐up study was conducted by assessing social–communicative skills in nonverbal preschool children with autism after 12 months from treatment completion.Methods & ProceduresTwo groups of children (N = 14) were assessed; one group had completed the PECS training and the other conventional language therapy (CLT). At follow‐up all children received the same pre‐ and post‐treatment assessment. Outcome measures were the following: Communication and Social domains of Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS); Language and Personal–Social subscales of the Griffiths’ Mental Developmental Scales (GMDS); Communication and Social Abilities domains of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS); and several social–communicative variables coded in an unstructured setting.Outcomes & ResultsThe PECS group showed significant improvements compared with the CLT group on ADOS severity scores (Communication, Social and Total), on GMDS Social domain and on VABS Communication and Social domains. PECS‐related gains on the VABS Social domain and on specific social–communicative measures coded during free‐play, i.e. frequency of joint attention and initiation, and duration of cooperative play, were stable after 1‐year follow‐up. Cooperative play continued to improve on follow‐up with respect to both post‐ and pre‐treatment assessment.Conclusions & ImplicationsThese findings demonstrated that PECS training can promote long‐term enhancement of specific socio‐communicative skills in children with autism.
MrEnt: an editor for publication‐quality phylogenetic tree illustrations
Authors: Zuccon Alessandro , Zuccon Dario 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe developed MrEnt, a Windows‐based, user‐friendly software that allows the production of complex, high‐resolution, publication‐quality phylogenetic trees in few steps, directly from the analysis output. The program recognizes the standard Nexus tree format and the annotated tree files produced by BEAST and MrBayes. MrEnt combines in a single software a large suite of tree manipulation functions (e.g. handling of multiple trees, tree rotation, character mapping, node collapsing, compression of large clades, handling of time scale and error bars for chronograms) with drawing tools typical of standard graphic editors, including handling of graphic elements and images. The tree illustration can be printed or exported in several standard formats suitable for journal publication, PowerPoint presentation or Web publication.
Relative importance of redox buffers GSH and NAD(P)H in age‐related neurodegeneration and Alzheimer disease‐like mouse neurons
Authors: Ghosh Debolina , Levault Kelsey R. , Brewer Gregory J. 
Published: March 2014

SummaryAging, a major risk factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD), is associated with an oxidative redox shift, decreased redox buffer protection, and increased free radical reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, probably linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. While NADH is the ultimate electron donor for many redox reactions, including oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione (GSH) is the major ROS detoxifying redox buffer in the cell. Here, we explored the relative importance of NADH and GSH to neurodegeneration in aging and AD neurons from nontransgenic and 3xTg‐AD mice by inhibiting their synthesis to determine whether NADH can compensate for the GSH loss to maintain redox balance. Neurons stressed by either depleting NAD(P)H or GSH indicated that NADH redox control is upstream of GSH levels. Further, although depletion of NAD(P)H or GSH correlated linearly with neuron death, compared with GSH depletion, higher neurodegeneration was observed when NAD(P)H was extrapolated to zero, especially in old age, and in the 3xTg‐AD neurons. We also observed an age‐dependent loss of gene expression of key redox‐dependent biosynthetic enzymes, NAMPT (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase), and NNT (nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase). Moreover, age‐related correlations between brain NNT or NAMPT gene expression and NADPH levels suggest that these genes contribute to the age‐related declines in NAD(P)H. Our data indicate that in aging and more so in AD‐like neurons, NAD(P)H redox control is upstream of GSH and an oxidative redox shift that promotes neurodegeneration. Thus, NAD(P)H generation may be a more efficacious therapeutic target upstream of GSH and ROS.