bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PTGES2 and RNASET2 identified as novel potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for basal cell carcinoma: insights from proteome-wide mendelian randomization, colocalization, and MR-PheWAS analyses
Authors: Han Qiu-Ju , Zhu Yi-Pan , Sun Jing , Ding Xin-Yu , Wang Xiuyu , Zhang Qiang-Zhe 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer, lacking reliable biomarkers or therapeutic targets for effective treatment. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can aid in identifying drug targets, repurposing existing drugs, predicting clinical trial side effects, and reclassifying patients in clinical utility. Hence, the present study investigates the association between plasma proteins and skin cancer to identify effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BCC.MethodsProteome-wide mendelian randomization was performed using inverse-variance-weight and Wald Ratio methods, leveraging 1 Mb cis protein quantitative trait loci (cis-pQTLs) in the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project (UKB-PPP) and the deCODE Health Study, to determine the causal relationship between plasma proteins and skin cancer and its subtypes in the FinnGen R10 study and the SAIGE database of Lee lab. Significant association with skin cancer and its subtypes was defined as a false discovery rate (FDR) &lt; 0.05. pQTL to GWAS colocalization analysis was executed using a Bayesian model to evaluate five exclusive hypotheses. Strong colocalization evidence was defined as a posterior probability for shared causal variants (PP.H4) of ≥0.85. Mendelian randomization-Phenome-wide association studies (MR-PheWAS) were used to evaluate potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for skin cancer and its subtypes within a phenome-wide human disease category.ResultsPTGES2, RNASET2, SF3B4, STX8, ENO2, and HS3ST3B1 (besides RNASET2, five other plasma proteins were previously unknown in expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL)) were significantly associated with BCC after FDR correction in the UKB-PPP and deCODE studies. Reverse MR showed no association between BCC and these proteins. PTGES2 and RNASET2 exhibited strong evidence of colocalization with BCC based on a posterior probability PP.H4 &gt;0.92. Furthermore, MR-PheWAS analysis showed that BCC was the most significant phenotype associated with PTGES2 and RNASET2 among 2,408 phenotypes in the FinnGen R10 study. Therefore, PTGES2 and RNASET2 are highlighted as effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BCC within the phenome-wide human disease category.ConclusionThe study identifies PTGES2 and RNASET2 plasma proteins as novel, reliable biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BCC, suggesting more effective clinical application strategies for patients.
The impact of school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic on reading fluency among second grade students: socioeconomic and gender perspectives
Authors: Shaul Shelley , Lipka Orly , Tal-Cohen Dana , Bufman Adi , Dotan Shahar 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe acquisition of reading skills is a crucial milestone in early education, with formal instruction and practice playing pivotal roles. The outbreak of COVID-19 led to widespread school closures and a shift to remote learning.MethodsThis study aimed to investigate the effects of school closures on reading acquisition and fluency among a large sample of second-grade children, considering socioeconomic status (SES) and gender differences. In 2019, a cohort of 2228 second-grade students from 34 schools was assessed for word reading fluency and comprehension. In 2020, during the pandemic, 765 students from a subsample of 20 original schools were re-evaluated using the same measures. The study also collected school-related data.ResultsThe findings from the entire sample indicated no significant differences in fluency and comprehension scores between children in the second grade in 2019 and 2020. However, a significant interaction emerged when analyzing low SES versus high SES children. Children from low SES backgrounds exhibited notably lower reading scores after a year of remote learning due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Moreover, the disparity in reading scores between low SES and high SES children nearly doubled in 2020. Gender differences were also detected.DiscussionThese results underscore the impact of remote learning during the COVID-19 crisis on exacerbating gaps in reading fluency and comprehension between children from high and low SES backgrounds. The implications of these findings highlight the critical role of in-person schooling and targeted support for disadvantaged students, especially during pivotal stages of reading development.
Development and validation of the self-consciousness type scale
Authors: Lee Jiye , Baek Hyemi , Oh Eunjee , Kim Jin-young , Ko Young-gun 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionPrevious research has highlighted the duality of self-consciousness, which simultaneously plays adaptive and maladaptive roles. This study aims to develop a measure that categorically distinguishes between different types of self-consciousness styles based on the Regulatory Focus Theory (RFT) and examines their relationship with mental health-related indicators.MethodsData were gathered through an online mental health survey conducted at a University Student Counseling Center in Seoul. The study involved exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability and validity analysis, which resulted in the development of a 14-question Self-Consciousness Type Scale (SCTS).ResultsBoth exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses validated the two-factor structure of the SCTS. The fit indices of the final model indicated a good fit, with high internal consistency for both sub-factors. Convergent and discriminant validity were confirmed through correlations between the sub-scales. Cluster analysis identified four distinct subtypes of self-consciousness styles: Growth-oriented, Defensive, Ambivalent, and Low-focus self-consciousness. Group difference analysis revealed significant differences in mental health-related variables among the subtypes, supporting the 2 × 2 model of prevention-focused and promotion-focused self-consciousness.DiscussionThe findings support the SCTS as a valid measurement tool capable of distinguishing four distinct types of self-consciousness, aligning with the multidimensional model of self-consciousness. The study’s limitations and implications were discussed based on the results, emphasizing the potential applications of the SCTS in mental health research and practice.
PROD-ALERT 2: replicating and extending psychiatric restraint open data analysis using logarithmic estimates of reporting trends
Authors: Reid Keith S. , Price Owen 
Published: July 2024

Care, management, and statute each mandate restraint-reporting in psychiatric settings in England. PROD-ALERT in this journal (“PA1”) correlated log incidence of restraint, log institutional size, and log detention. The period was September 2020 to August 2021. It showed a clear trend among reporters. Restraint correlated with institutional size and use of legal detention. Some large detaining providers reported no restraints per month despite that trend. Inference from size suggested that non-complete reporters restrained 1,774 people per month. This paper “PA2” develops analysis repeating it for September 2021 to August 2022. PA2 shows how to count L-information, i.e., questionable information, added by null reports, by applying an L-test to data sets. PA2 uses illustrative vignettes about human height to ground L-information scores from English restraint reporting. In PA2, reported restraint again correlates with size and detention as in PA1. PA2 shows evolving data. Providers still follow a trend in restraint by size and detention. Providers which newly report restraint are on trend. Inference suggests that non-complete reporters restrained 1,305 people per month (536–3233), 95% CI, a large but reduced number since PA1. English restraint data have an L-test L-information score of increase in information by a factor of L = 145. This is as surprising as claiming that an average English man of 1.72 m is 2.64 m tall. Persons restrained per month is a robust measure continuing to log-correlate with size and legal compulsion. Providers over a certain size who report null restraint probably have some. Restraint remains underreported in England. Imputation of incomplete reporters shows a large shrinking cohort of patients detained by incomplete reporters. Knowledge of this may promote reporting. Improved reporting, and the infrastructure and integrity it demands, may help providers measure and reduce restraint. PA1 remains unrefuted. L-test can measure L-information in intuitively representable ways. The informational effect of nulls on the reliable data set is similar to a claim that an average-heighted man is as tall as people with clinical gigantism.
Evaluating the safety and efficacy of zuranolone in the management of major depressive disorder and postpartum depression, with or without concurrent insomnia: a rigorous systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Raja Adarsh , Ahmed Saboor , Basit Ali Siddiqui Muhammad , Lamiya Mir Syeda , Kumar Rakesh , Ahmed Muhammad , Raja Sandesh , Bin Amin Shafin , Alim Ur Rahman Hafsah , Deepak Fnu , Asghar Muhammad Sohaib 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionMajor depressive disorder (MDD), postpartum depression (PPD), and insomnia are neuropsychological conditions in which zuranolone is used to improve symptoms and prognosis of the disorder. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the efficacy of zuranolone in comparison to other drugs used for treating these conditions.MethodsThis meta-analysis included patients aged between 18 and 75 years who were diagnosed with major depressive disorder and postpartum depression with or without insomnia and were administered zuranolone for treatment. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, and animal studies were excluded. The databases used were PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Clinicaltrials.gov, with MeSH terms and relevant keywords for (Zuranolone) and (Depression). The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used for quality assessment.ResultsThe meta-analysis included eight RCTs that analyzed data from 2031 patients. The meta-analysis revealed statistically significant changes in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and treatment-emergent adverse effects (TEAE) scores in the PPD subgroup. HAM-D and TEAEs scores were also significant in the MDD subgroup, but the changes in the MADRS, HAM-A, and Bech-6 scores were insignificant. Serious adverse events were insignificant in all subgroups.ConclusionMeta-analysis found a significant improvement in depressive symptoms with zuranolone treatment, especially on day 15. This suggests that zuranolone is a promising therapeutic option for patients with MDD and PPD with or without insomnia.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=459554, identifier CRD42023459554.
Treatment preferences and current practices regarding open tibial shaft fractures
Authors: Qian Shengjun , Shen Yechao , Sun Lingling , Wang Zhan 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to reveal the treatment preferences and current practices regarding open tibial shaft fracture (OTSF).Patients and methodsOnline surveys of treatment preferences and current practice of OTSF were conducted by orthopedic trauma doctors from various medical institutions in Zhejiang Province. The survey contains three modules. The first module is the basic information of the participants, the second module is the treatment patterns for Gustilo-Anderson type I-II (GA I/II), and the third module is the treatment patterns for Gustilo-Anderson type IIIA (GA IIIA). Furthermore, each treatment pattern was divided into four aspects, including antibiotic prophylaxis, irrigation and debridement, fracture stabilization, and wound management.ResultsA total of 132 orthopedic trauma doctors from 41 hospitals in Zhejiang province, participated the online surveys. In GA I-IIIA OTSF, more than three-quarters of participants considered &lt;3 h as the appropriate timing of antibiotic administration after trauma. In fact, only 41.67% of participants administered antibiotics within 3 h after trauma. 90.91 and 86.36% of participants thought debridement within 6 h was reasonable for GA I/II and GA IIIA OTSF, respectively. However, in reality only about half of patients received debridement within 6 h on average. The most common reason for delayed debridement was patients’ transport delay. 87.88 and 97.3% of participants preferred secondary internal fixation following external fixation for GA I/II and GA IIIA OTSF, respectively. Additionally, over half of participants preferred use of locking plate for treating GA I-IIIA OTSF. The most common reasons for choosing delayed internal fixation for GA I-IIIA OTSF were infection risk and damage control. 78.79 and 65.91% supported immediate internal fixation after removing the external fixation for GA I-IIIA OTSF, respectively. Regarding wound closure, 86.36 and 63.64% of participants reported primary closure for GA I/II and GA IIIA OTSF, respectively. Over three fourths of participants agreed that preoperative and postoperative multiple wound cultures should be performed to predict infection for GA I-IIIA OTSF.ConclusionThe study first presents the current preference and practice regarding management of GA I-IIIA OTSF in Zhejiang. Majority of surgeons in our study preferred secondary internal fixation following external fixation for GA I-IIIA OTSF and over half of surgeons preferred use of locking plate for treating GA I-IIIA OTSF. This study may provide a reference for trauma orthopedic surgeons in the treatment of GA I-IIIA OTSF.
Tracing the journey of elements from fish feed to Nile tilapia faeces to black soldier fly larvae: a comparative approach
Authors: Yakti Wael , Shaw Christopher , Müller Marcus , Mewis Inga , Kloas Werner , Ulrichs Christian 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionThe circular bioeconomy concept revolves around biological production cycles that reintroduce products or waste from one production system to another, aiming to maximize resource utilization while minimising environmental impact. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the element flow when integrating black soldier fly larvae (BSF) production with Nile tilapia production using varying experimental fish feed.MethodsTilapia (42.5  ± 11.2  g) were reared in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) at 25.5°C for 10  weeks and fed equal daily rations of four experimental diets containing fishmeal (FM), poultry blood meal (PBM), black soldier fly meal (BSF) and poultry by-product meal (PM) as the single main protein source, respectively. Faeces was collected daily from settling columns installed in the RAS and subsequently fed to BSF larvae.Results and discussionThe fish exhibited the highest biomass gain when fed with FM (1,001  g) or PM (901  g). The growth was lowest for those fed with PBM (406  g). The fish fed with PBM also produced the highest amount of faeces (234 g). When the fish faeces were utilized as a substrate for rearing black soldier fly (BSF) larvae and although the biomass gain did not differ significantly, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) varied among larvae fed with different fish faeces, ranging from 8.36 to 25.04. Furthermore, the concentration of analysed elements (Al, B, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, P, S, and Zn) varied based on the type of fish faeces provided. Results illustrate that a modulation of BSFL elemental composition is possible through manipulating the feed provided to the fish and emphasize the importance of fish feed composition for fish performance as well as the compositional quality of the larvae reared on the resulting fish faeces. Hence, if BSF larvae production is to be harnessed for the recycling of aquaculture sludge, ingredient choice and subsequent elemental composition of fish feeds are pivotal to larvae composition.
Early clinical outcomes of bipolar hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in elderly patients using the OCM approach: a retrospective study
Authors: Zheng Hongming , Kong Danhui , He Shuangjun , Jiang Boyi , Zhu Dongbo , Wu Shuhua , Wang Yaowei , Zhou Lijian , Xia Yan 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the early clinical outcomes of bipolar hemiarthroplasty for treating femoral neck fractures in elderly patients aged 75 and above using the Orthopädische Chirurgie München (OCM) approach.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 95 elderly patients who underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasty for Garden Type III and IV femoral neck fractures between January 2020 and December 2022. The participants were categorized into two groups according to the surgical approach used: the OCM approach and the posterior-lateral approach (PLA). The average follow-up duration was 11.20 ± 2.80 months for the OCM group and 11.12 ± 2.95 months for the PLA group, with both groups ranging from 6 to 18 months. Clinical outcomes assessed included surgical duration, incision length, postoperative hospital stay, time to ambulation, hemoglobin levels, serum creatine kinase (CK) levels, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, pain (assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale, VAS), and functional recovery (evaluated through Harris hip scores). Additionally, complications such as intraoperative and postoperative fractures, deep vein thrombosis, wound infection, nerve injury, postoperative dislocation, leg length discrepancy, and Trendelenburg gait were monitored.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the surgical duration between the OCM and PLA groups. However, the OCM group exhibited shorter incision lengths, reduced postoperative hospital stays, and earlier ambulation times compared to the PLA group. Significantly lower intraoperative blood loss, smaller decreases in hemoglobin levels on postoperative days 1 and 3, lesser hidden blood loss, and decreased levels of CK and CRP were observed in the OCM group. Pain levels, measured by VAS scores, were lower, and Harris hip scores, indicating functional recovery, were higher at 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively in the OCM group than in the PLA group. The incidence of complications, such as periprosthetic fractures, intramuscular venous thrombosis, hip dislocations, Trendelenburg gait, and leg length discrepancies, showed no significant differences between the groups.ConclusionThe OCM approach for bipolar hemiarthroplasty in patients aged 75 and above with femoral neck fractures offers significant early clinical benefits over the traditional PLA, including faster recovery, reduced postoperative pain, and enhanced early functional recovery.
Effects of prebiotic (lactoferrin) and diclazuril on broiler chickens experimentally infected with Eimeria tenella
Authors: Abd El Monsef Asmaa G. , El Zohairy Nermin F. , Hassan Marwa F. , Salem Sanaa M. , Gouda Asmaa Aboelabbas , Mansour Mogda K. , Alkhaldi Abdulsalam A. M. , Alzaylaee Hind , Elmahallawy Ehab Kotb 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionAvian coccidiosis presents a significant challenge to the poultry industry in Egypt, highlighting the urgent need for validating new drug targets offering promising prospects for the development of advanced anticoccidials. Although numerous reports highlight the activity of lactoferrin (LF) against various microorganisms, its potential against Eimeria has not been explored. The present study evaluated the potential anticoccidial effect of LF and diclazuril in broiler chickens experimentally infected with Eimeria tenella.MethodsA total of 100 one-day-old broiler chicks were divided into five equal groups (20 each) as follows: Group 1 (G1) served as the normal healthy control group, Group 2 (G2) consisted of chickens infected with 1 × 105 sporulated E. tenella oocysts at 14 days of age, Group 3 (G3) comprised infected chickens treated with diclazuril (0.5 mL/L in drinking water) for 3 days successively, Group 4 (G4) included infected chickens treated with LF (at a dose of 250 mg/kg of diet) from one day of age until the end of the study, and Group 5 (G5) comprised infected chickens treated with both LF and diclazuril.ResultsThe positive control group (G2) experienced significant reductions in body weight (BW), BW gain, serum glucose, lipase, amylase, total antioxidant capacity, several hematological indices, and total proteins, along with alterations in various antioxidant enzymes. Conversely, serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatases (ALP), urea, creatinine, nitric oxide, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), White blood cells (WBCs), heterophils, alpha 2, beta 1, and liver contents of malondialdehyde were elevated in this group. Moreover, higher oocyst counts and lesion scores, along with histopathological alterations, were observed in G2. Remarkably, treatment with diclazuril and/or LF demonstrated potent antioxidant and anticoccidial effects, resulting in reduced shedding of oocysts, lesion scores, and lymphocytic infiltrates in the cecum. Additionally, these treatments improved the antioxidant and immune systems in chickens and restored all histopathological changes reported in the infected non-treated group (G2).ConclusionThis study offers novel perspectives on the potential anticoccidial effects of the combination of LF and diclazuril in broiler chickens infected with E. tenella, highlighting the potential synergistic actions of LF in treating poultry coccidiosis.
Use of wound infusion catheters for delivery of local anesthetic following standing partial ostectomy of thoracolumbar vertebral spinous processes in horses is not associated with increased surgical site infections
Authors: Wickstead Francesca A. , Milner Peter I. , Bardell David A. 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundWound infusion catheters (WICs) have been used in humans and some veterinary species for post-operative local anesthetic administration following a variety of surgical procedures, aiming to reduce post-operative analgesia requirements and improve patient comfort. Benefit in reduction in pain, post-operative analgesia requirements and length of hospital stay are well documented in humans, but use of WICs may not have been widely adopted in veterinary species due to the concern of increased complications, such as dehiscence or surgical site infection (SSI), creating a barrier to their use. This study aimed to evaluate the use of WICs in horses undergoing standing partial ostectomy surgeries, document complications and investigate if the incidence of SSI was equivalent between those horses that did and did not have a WIC.MethodsClinical records were searched between January 2010–December 2023 for horses undergoing standing partial ostectomy surgery of thoracolumbar vertebral spinous processes at one institution. Population variables (age, breed, bodyweight), placement of a WIC or not, post-operative complications, analgesia protocols and surgical time were recorded. Horses received up to 0.1 mg kg−1 bupivacaine (0.5 mg mL−1) every 6–8 h via the WIC where one was placed. To compare SSI complication incidence between using or not using a WIC, a proportional independent equivalence test was used.ResultsThere were 64 horses included in the final analysis with a WIC placed in 29/64 horses (45.3%) and 35/64 (54.7%) having no WIC placed at surgery. Incidence of short-term SSI was 11.4% (no WIC used) and 13.8% (WIC used), respectively. The difference in proportion of SSI between the presence or absence of a WIC was not significant [−0.024 (90% CI −0.181; 0.133); p = 0.94].ConclusionThe incidence of SSIs was equivalent between groups whether a WIC was used or not. WICs should be considered as part of a multi-modal analgesic approach in the post-operative period. Further research into local anesthetic dosing and its impact on rescue analgesia requirements and pain-scores is warranted.