bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and management of Müllerian adenosarcoma of the uterine cervix
Authors: Chin Pui‐See , Chia Yin‐Nin , Lim Yong‐Kuei , Yam Kwai‐Lam 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo report on the diagnosis and management of Müllerian adenosarcoma of the uterine cervix at a gynecologic oncology unit in Singapore.MethodsNine cases (1992–2008) were identified from the unit registry. All hospital records were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsMean age at diagnosis was 45 ± 12 years (range, 17–61 years). Presenting symptoms were abnormal vaginal bleeding (5 [55.6%] patients), introital mass (3 [33.3%] patients), and foul‐smelling vaginal discharge (1 [11.1%] patient). Two (22.2%) patients were asymptomatic, with cervical polyps discovered incidentally on routine gynecologic check‐up. All women had benign‐looking cervical polyps and underwent polypectomy. Histology showed increased stromal cellularity with periglandular cuffs in all patients, and heterologous differentiation in 1(11.1%) patient. All 9 women had FIGO stage 1B disease. Seven (77.8%) patients underwent radical hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. One (11.1%) woman underwent cervical wedge resection and 1 (11.1%) refused definitive surgery. There was no recurrence in the 6 patients for whom complete follow‐up data were available.ConclusionClinical diagnosis of Müllerian adenosarcoma of the uterine cervix may be challenging owing to the benign gross appearance of the cervical polyps. Surgery provides a good chance of cure with no recurrence.
Today's evidence, tomorrow's agenda: Implementation of strategies to improve global reproductive health
Authors: Mbizvo Michael Takura , Chou Doris , Shaw Dorothy 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe Alliance for Women's Health deliberated on critical gaps and emerging issues related to women's health, focusing on contraception, safe abortion care, HIV, and cervical cancer prevention. Despite the health, socioeconomic, and development benefits of family planning, up to 222 million women have an unmet need for modern contraception. The number of unsafe abortions increased globally, 98% of which occurred in low‐resource countries. Fragmentation of services for HIV and cervical cancer prevention and treatment fail to maximize opportunities to reach women within reproductive, maternal, and child health services. The FIGO 2012 PreCongress Workshop elaborated the role of societies of obstetricians‐gynecologists in implementation of actions to increase access to modern methods of contraception to help individuals meet family planning intentions. Human rights principles underpin the imperative to ensure equitable access to a wide range of modern methods of contraception. The role of task shifting/sharing in different models of service delivery was elaborated. Actions from the International Conference on Population and Development on safe abortion care and integration of effective contraception were reaffirmed. A call was made to increase access to integrated HIV and cervical cancer prevention, screening, and management. Cross‐cutting strategic approaches to accelerate progress include evidence‐based information to stakeholders and continued education in these areas at all levels of training. A call was made to advocate for a budget line item for sexual and reproductive health, including family planning and engaging the demand side of family planning, while involving men to enhance uptake and continuation.
Does a Fibronectin and Aggrecan Complex Play a Role in Painful Vertebral Disks?
Authors: Cuellar Jason M. , Golish S. Raymond , Leroux Eric J. , Reuter Merrill W. , Carragee Eugene J. , Hanna Lewis S. , Scuderi Gaetano J. 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo determine the presence of a fibronectin‐aggrecan complex (FAC) in the disk space of persons with chronic low back pain as relates to provocative diskography.DesignA single‐center prospective consecutive case series.SettingA single private practice setting.PatientsThirty‐seven patients with symptomatic degenerative disk disease of the cervical, thoracic, or lumbar spine undergoing provocative diskography to identify a source of pain.MethodsDiskographic lavage for analysis was simultaneously performed at each disk level injected during diskography.Main Outcome MeasuresVisual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, Pfirrmann magnetic resonance imaging grade, and biochemical analysis of disk material were statistically analyzed.ResultsA total of 105 levels in 37 patients had a complete set of data (mean age 43.2 ± 11.9 years; 15 male/22 female). The FAC was present in 43 of 108 levels and in at least one level in 25 of 37 patients. The Pfirrmann magnetic resonance imaging grade did not differ between complex‐positive and negative levels (P = .125), nor did the intraoperative VAS (IO‐VAS) score for pain by level (P = .206). A significant but loose correlation was found between Pfirrmann grade and IO‐VAS (R2 = 0.4, P < .001), but no significant correlation was found between VAS or IO‐VAS and complex concentration (R2 = 0.08, P = .11 and R2 = 0.003, P = .5).ConclusionsThe FAC was identified in some painful disks by diskography. There was no significant correlation between the Pfirrmann grade or pre/intraoperative pain scores during diskography and complex concentrations within the disk measured by disk lavage.
Synthesis and crystal structure of (Ag,Pd)22Se6
Authors: Laufek F. , Vymazalová A. , Chareev D.A. , Kristavchuk A.V. , Drahokoupil J. , Voronin M.V. 
Published: March 2013

The (Ag,Pd)22Se6 phase was synthesized from individual elements by silica glass tube technique and structurally characterized from powder X-ray diffraction data. The (Ag,Pd)22Se6 phase crystallizes in Fm$\overline3$m symmetry, unit-cell parameters: a = 12.3169(2) Å, V = 1862.55(5) Å3, Z = 4, and Dc = 10.01 g/cm3. The crystal structure of the (Ag,Pd)22Se6 phase represents a stuffed 3a.3a.3a superstructure of the Pd structure (fcc), where only 4 from 108 available octahedral holes are occupied. Its crystal structure is related to the Cr23C6 structure type.
Algebraic and analytic Dirac induction for graded affine Hecke
algebras
Authors: Ciubotaru Dan , Opdam Eric M. , Trapa Peter E. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractWe define the algebraic Dirac induction map ${\mathrm{Ind} }_{D} $ for graded affine Hecke algebras. The map ${\mathrm{Ind} }_{D} $ is a Hecke algebra analog of the explicit realization of the
Baum–Connes assembly map in the $K$-theory of the reduced ${C}^{\ast } $-algebra of a real reductive group using Dirac operators. The
definition of ${\mathrm{Ind} }_{D} $ is uniform over the parameter space of the graded affine Hecke
algebra. We show that the map ${\mathrm{Ind} }_{D} $ defines an isometric isomorphism from the space of elliptic
characters of the Weyl group (relative to its reflection representation) to the space
of elliptic characters of the graded affine Hecke algebra. We also study a related
analytically defined global elliptic Dirac operator between unitary representations
of the graded affine Hecke algebra which are realized in the spaces of sections of
vector bundles associated to certain representations of the pin cover of the Weyl
group. In this way we realize all irreducible discrete series modules of the Hecke
algebra in the kernels (and indices) of such analytic Dirac operators. This can be
viewed as a graded affine Hecke algebra analog of the construction of the discrete
series representations of semisimple Lie groups due to Parthasarathy and to Atiyah
and Schmid.
Exploring risk management strategies for organic farmers: A Greek case study
Authors: Tzouramani Irene , Alexopoulos George , Kostianis Giorgos , Kazakopoulos Leonidas 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis study attempts to enrich the debate on the different forms of risk management strategies that are utilized by organic farmers and to assess the internal dynamics within the organic farming community by examining the attitudes and practices of these farmers. In particular, using a factor analysis, this study determines the attitudes of Greek farmers toward risk management strategies and focuses on the differences in risk attitudes between existing organic farmers and non-organic farmers. Second, using a probit analysis, this study characterizes the key factors that affect Greek farmers' attitudes with respect to risk management strategies. The thorough presentation of this research study provides essential information to policy-makers for understanding the factors that induce farmers to participate in organic agriculture. Moreover, the analysis of the risk management strategies that organic farmers apply is expected to offer valuable insights that will be critical for the timely introduction and efficient application of the forthcoming post-2013 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) measures.
Religion and Violence in the Jewish Traditions
Authors: Hassner Ron E. , Aran Gideon 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This chapter reports the traditional violent themes in religious Judaism as they seem in sacred texts, rites, customs, and chronicles, and provides a survey of the components of Jewish religion relating to violence while evaluating and illustrating their development and influence through history. It then describes the violent implications of two religious elements that are distinct and central in the Jewish legacy: Mysticism and Messianism. The case of Jewish violence is especially complicated, since Judaism is characterized by a close relationship and a substantial overlap between religious association and ethno-nationalist ties. The essence of Judaism became the interpretation and application of the Bible to historical realities. The Kabbalah presents historical reality as a mirror and integral component of a larger cosmic drama. A distinct minority of Jews use their own victimhood as a license to inflict violence upon others by way of compensation or revenge.
Religion and Violence in Pacific Island Societies
Authors: Strathern Andrew , Stewart Pamela J. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This chapter examines the associations between religion and violence. The Bellonese case reveals that the ideology of honor drove the pattern of vengeance killings; that this ideology primarily pertained to men and their agnatic kin; that it was supported by appeals to gods and ancestors; and that peace rituals did not produce permanent effects. In the Fijian case, it is shown that war-chief and land-chief were ideally balanced with each other, the one standing for external violence, the other for internal peace. In Bau, this balance was upset and inverted due to the sea-going war-chiefs who came to engage a pre-eminent position by terminating the land-chiefs. In the New Guinea Highlands societies, a higher development of an ideology of wealth used is observed as a life-giving replacement for persons, whether for bridewealth payments, payments to allies, or compensation to enemies.
Religion and Political Violence
Authors: Toft Monica Duffy 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This chapter, which describes why religion is resurging in the political sphere and the conditions under which religion is most likely to cause troubling violence, also places the source of the problem at the intersection of local politics and three global trends: modernization, democratization, and globalization. The urbanization that accompanied modernization is largely an artifact of the increasing industrialization of production, including especially agricultural production. A greater voice for religion and religious actors is assisted by the global movement toward greater democratization. When globalization accelerated, religious actors are in a position to harness its associated technologies. In the current era, the transnational dimensions of religion, and in particular Islam, explain why religious civil wars have the character of starting out local and then becoming more global. Solving religiously inspired violence demands the combination of religious authority with a better idea.
Cities as One Site for Religion and Violence
Authors: Sassen Saskia 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This chapter covers the question of organized religions in the complex global modernity. It explores a range of interactions between the rise of cities as key global spaces for economic, political, and cultural conditions, and the rise of religion as a major force in setting where it was not quite so in the twentieth century, which saw the rise of the secularizing state. The chapter develops the urbanizing of war, as it feeds a particularly acute and violent bridging of cities with religious conflicts, and then takes two specific instances of asymmetric war, one in Mumbai and one in Gaza, to investigate the variable and contradictory elements in this bridging. Religion has emerged as one key organizing and legitimating passion, even as it is often not the cause. The Mumbai attacks had succeeded in drawing a conventional inter-state conflict into the specifics and momentary event that was that attack. Gaza displays the limits of power and the limits of war. The chapter makes visible the territorial conflict driving some of the current religious conflict, even as both sides make use of this long history to justify their actions.
Religion and Scarcity
Authors: Avalos Hector 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThis chapter demonstrates the viability of a new theory for the role of religion in violence by applying it to cases ranging from the ancient to the modern world, and in the three Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Islam, and Christianity). It also describes how scarce resource theory can help elaborate religious violence. Moreover, the chapter reports how religion produces scarce resources, and then concentrates on: 1) access to the divine will, particularly through inscripturation, 2) sacred space, 3) group privileging, and 4) salvation. It is noted that religion is not the cause of all violence. Violence against scriptures can engage all sorts of permutations within the Abrahamic traditions. Sacred space is the source of violence in Abrahamic religions. The fact that religious violence is always immoral, and the fact that non-religious violence is not always immoral, is the key ethical distinction between religious and non-religious violence.
Electron diffraction characterization of a new metastable Al2Cu phase in an Al–Cu friction stir weld
Authors: Ji Gang , Morniroli Jean-Paul 
Published: March 2013

The space group of a new metastable orthorhombic Al2Cu phase, located in the Al-rich interfacial region of an Al–Cu friction stir weld, was unambiguously identified asIc2mby a recently developed systematic method combining precession electron diffraction and convergent-beam electron diffraction. This metastable phase has the same tetragonal lattice as its stable θ-Al2Cu counterpart (tetragonal,I4/mcm, No. 140). The tetragonal-to-orthorhombic symmetry lowering is due to slight modifications of the atomic positions in the unit cell. This metastable phase can be transformed into the stable θ-Al2Cu phase byin situirradiation within the transmission electron microscope.
Pathogens of Interest to the Pork Industry: A Review of Research on Interventions to Assure Food Safety
Authors: Baer Arica A. , Miller Michael J. , Dilger Anna C. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractPork is the most consumed meat in the world and is a source of foodborne diseases. To develop effective food safety interventions for pork, it is crucial to understand the nature of the important pathogens affecting the pork industry, their prevalence at different phases of pork production, and interventions against pathogens in pork. The purpose of this study was to outline the significance ofSalmonella,Campylobacter,Trichinella spiralis,Toxoplasma gondii,Listeria monocytogenes, and methicillin‐resistantStaphylococcus aureusto the pork industry.TrichinellaandToxoplasmaare historically relevant pathogens to pork and represent the effectiveness that preharvest intervention strategies can accomplish for the control of toxoplasmosis and trichinellosis.SalmonellaandCampylobacterare common inhabitants of swine intestines causing a high prevalence of these pathogens on the farm as well as potential contamination during slaughter. However, bothSalmonellaandCampylobactercan be reduced through on‐farm strategies, hygienic slaughter practices, and processing technologies. Methicillin‐resistantS. aureusis an emerging pathogen with increasing focus on the livestock industry and interventions pre and postharvest have been considered for reduction of this microorganism. The greatest challenge for processors isL. monocytogenesas contamination of the further processing environment requires adequate interventions for both pork and the environment. Novel technologies such as use of bacteriophages, feed additives, and high‐pressure processing are being explored as interventions against pathogens of pork. Overall, pork does contribute to foodborne diseases and various interventions are now being used against the different pathogens found in pork.
Supplementation of Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris Algae into Probiotic Fermented Milks
Authors: Beheshtipour H. , Mortazavian A. M. , Mohammadi R. , Sohrabvandi S. , Khosravi‐Darani K. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractViability of probiotic bacteria during the production and storage of fermented milks is the most important topic of discussion in the dairy industry. Addition of microalgae into milk for the production of fermented milk in order to enhance the viability of probiotics has been the subject of recent research. Spirulina and Chlorella are the most widely noted microalgae for fermented milks. They affect not only the viability of probiotics in final product but also the sensory attributes of them. Incorporation of microalgae into probiotic fermented milks along with enhancing the viability of probiotics would increase their functional characteristic. This is because they contain a wide range of nutrients and nutraceuticals and are considered as “functional food.” This article reviews the effects of supplementation of Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris into probiotic fermented milks on their different quality characteristics.
Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α on the Intracellular Ca2+ Homeostasis in Human Sperm
Authors: Carrasquel Gabriela , Camejo Maria I. , Michelangeli Fabian , Ruiz Marie C. 
Published: March 2013

ProblemInflammation and genital infections promote the increase in leukocytes, pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and oxygen reactive species, impairing sperm functions such as motility, capacitation, and acrosome reaction. All these functions are primarily regulated by cytoplasmic concentration of Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyto). This study evaluated the effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α on the [Ca2+]cyto and its regulation in human sperm.Method of studySperm loaded with fura‐2 were incubated with or without TNF‐α (0–500 pg/mL) from 0 to 120 min. After incubation, the basal [Ca2+]cyto and membrane permeability to Ca2+ were evaluated by spectrofluorometry, before and after Ca2+ addition to the extracellular medium.ResultsWithout TNF‐α, the addition of Ca2+ promotes an transitory increase in [Ca2+]cyto in the spermatozoa, that returns in a few minutes to a basal level, indicating calcium regulation activation. TNF‐α decreases the Ca2+ permeation and increases the basal level of [Ca2+]cyto after a Ca2+ pulse (P < 0.04); affecting calcium regulation in a way that is time and concentration dependent. TNF‐α effect was partially prevented by the addition of an antioxidant (butylated hydroxytoluene) (P < 0.03).ConclusionTumor necrosis factor‐α decreases membrane permeability to Ca2+ and affects Ca2+ regulation in sperm cells in vitro, probably via lipid peroxidation, which may explain the decrease in sperm fertilizing capacity during inflammatory and infectious processes.
Randomised clinical trial: macrogol/PEG 3350+electrolytes versus prucalopride in the treatment of chronic constipation ‐ a comparison in a controlled environment
Authors: Cinca R. , Chera D. , Gruss H.‐J. , Halphen M. 
Published: March 2013

SummaryBackgroundConstipation is a common condition for which PEG 3350 is an established treatment and prucalopride has recently been approved for this indication.AimTo compare the efficacy, safety and impact on quality of life (QoL) of PEG 3350 plus electrolytes (PEG 3350+E) vs. prucalopride in females with chronic constipation (CC) in whom laxatives have previously failed to provide adequate relief.MethodsIn this single‐centre, randomised, double‐blind, double‐dummy study, patients with CC [<3 spontaneous complete bowel movements (SCBM)/week] remained in a controlled environment and received either a 26 g split dose of PEG 3350+E (N = 120) or 1–2 mg prucalopride (N = 120) daily for 28 days following a 14‐day run‐in period. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients having ≥3 SCBMs during the last treatment week.ResultsNon‐inferiority of PEG 3350+E to prucalopride was demonstrated in the per‐protocol population [difference, 10.1% (66.67% vs. 56.52%), 97.5% lower confidence interval (CI) −2.7%, above the preset margin of −20%] and approached superiority in the modified intent‐to‐treat population (difference, 9.8%, 97.5% lower CI, −3.1%). Statistically significant differences in favour of PEG 3350+E were observed for most secondary variables (bowel movements, stool weight, consistency, time to next SCBM, patient perception of straining and completeness of defecation). Colonic transit time was dramatically reduced in both arms. Both treatments were well tolerated.ConclusionPEG 3350+E was at least as effective as and generally better tolerated than prucalopride as a treatment for chronic constipation in this study population (NCT01251822; http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Quantile Regression for Recurrent Gap Time Data
Authors: Luo Xianghua , Huang Chiung‐Yu , Wang Lan 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSummaryEvaluating covariate effects on gap times between successive recurrent events is of interest in many medical and public health studies. While most existing methods for recurrent gap time analysis focus on modeling the hazard function of gap times, a direct interpretation of the covariate effects on the gap times is not available through these methods. In this article, we consider quantile regression that can provide direct assessment of covariate effects on the quantiles of the gap time distribution. Following the spirit of the weighted risk‐set method by Luo and Huang (2011, Statistics in Medicine 30, 301–311), we extend the martingale‐based estimating equation method considered by Peng and Huang (2008, Journal of the American Statistical Association 103, 637–649) for univariate survival data to analyze recurrent gap time data. The proposed estimation procedure can be easily implemented in existing software for univariate censored quantile regression. Uniform consistency and weak convergence of the proposed estimators are established. Monte Carlo studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. An application to data from the Danish Psychiatric Central Register is presented to illustrate the methods developed in this article.