bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second allogeneic stem cell transplant for aplastic anaemia: a retrospective study by the severe aplastic anaemia working party of the European society for blood and marrow transplantation
Authors: Cesaro Simone , de Latour Regis Peffault , Tridello Gloria , Pillon Marta , Carlson Kristina , Fagioli Franca , Jouet Jean‐Pierre , Koh Mickey B. C. , Panizzolo Irene Sara , Kyrcz‐Krzemien Slawomira , Maertens Johan , Rambaldi Alessandro , Strahm Brigitte , Blaise Didier , Maschan Alexei , Marsh Judith , Dufour Carlo ,   the Severe Aplastic Anaemia Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Published: August 2015

SummaryWe analysed the outcome of a second allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (alloHSCT) in 162 patients reported to the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation between 1998 and 2009. Donor origin was a sibling in 110 and an unrelated donor in 52 transplants, respectively. The stem cell source was bone marrow in 31% and peripheral blood in 69% of transplants. The same donor as for the first alloHSCT was used in 81% of transplants whereas a change in the choice of stem cell source was reported in 56% of patients, mainly from bone marrow to peripheral blood. Neutrophil and platelet engraftment occurred in 85% and 72% of patients, after a median time of 15 and 17 days, respectively. Grade II‐IV acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) and chronic GVHD occurred in 21% and 37% of patients, respectively. Graft failure (GF) occurred in 42 patients (26%). After a median follow‐up of 3·5 years, the 5‐year overall survival (OS) was 60·7%. In multivariate analysis, the only factor significantly associated with a better outcome was a Karnofsky/Lansky score ≥80 (higher OS). We conclude that a second alloHSCT is feasible rescue option for GF in SAA, with a successful outcome in 60% of cases.
The impact of change in serum C‐reactive protein level on the prediction of effects of molecular targeted therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Teishima Jun , Kobatake Kohei , Kitano Hiroyuki , Nagamatsu Hirotaka , Sadahide Kousuke , Hieda Keisuke , Shinmei Shunsuke , Shoji Koichi , Inoue Shogo , Hayashi Tetsutaro , Inoue Yoji , Ohara Shinya , Mita Koji , Matsubara Akio 
Published: August 2015

ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of pretreatment serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) level and its change after targeted therapy on the anti‐tumour effect of targeted agents in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).Patients and MethodsThe serum CRP level in 190 cases of molecular targeted therapy for mRCC was measured before starting the prescription of molecular targeted agents and when computed tomography showed the maximum effect. Patients in which the pretreatment CRP level was ≥0.5 mg/dL were classified into a ‘higher‐CRP’ group and others into a ‘lower‐CRP’ group. The higher‐CRP group was further classified into two subgroups, i.e. those whose serum CRP level decreased after molecular targeted therapy (‘decreased‐CRP’ subgroup), and those whose level did not decrease after therapy (‘non‐decreased‐CRP’ subgroup). All patients were also classified according to their other clinical details and progression‐free survival (PFS) rates of each subgroup were compared.ResultsOf the 190 patients, 97 were categorised as lower CRP and 93 as higher CRP, with 50 and 43 patients in the higher‐CRP group further categorised as decreased‐ and non‐decreased‐CRP subgroups, respectively. For the maximum effects of the targeted therapy, determined based on the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria, in the lower‐CRP group, significantly more patients had a complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) (P = 0.002) and significantly fewer had progressive disease (PD) (P < 0.001) vs the higher‐CRP group. In the higher‐CRP group, significantly fewer patients had PD in the decreased‐CRP subgroup (P < 0.001) than those in the non‐decreased‐CRP subgroup. The 2‐year PFS rate for the lower‐CRP group (39.1%) was significantly better vs the decreased‐CRP subgroup (21.2%; P = 0.013) and significantly better vs the non‐decreased CRP subgroup (0%; P < 0.001). Multivariate analyses in the higher‐CRP group revealed that decreased CRP was an independent predictive factor for PFS (P = 0.002, hazard ratio 2.454, 95% confidence interval 1.404–4.290).ConclusionA decrease of CRP and pretreatment CRP levels show promise as a novel predictive factor for anti‐tumour effects in patients treated with molecular targeted therapy.
Budget impact of incorporating one instillation of hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride blue‐light cytoscopy in transurethral bladder tumour resection for patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer in Sweden
Authors: Rose James B. , Armstrong Shannon , Hermann Gregers G. , Kjellberg Jakob , Malmström Per‐Uno 
Published: August 2015

ObjectivesTo explore the cost impact on Swedish healthcare of incorporating one instillation of hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride (HAL) blue‐light cystoscopy into transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) in patients with suspected new or recurrent non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).Materials and MethodsA decision tree model was built based on European Association of Urology guidelines for the treatment and management of NMIBC. Input data were compiled from two recent studies comparing recurrence rates of bladder cancer in patients undergoing TURBT with either the current standard of care (SOC) of white‐light cystoscopy, or with the SOC and HAL blue‐light cystoscopy. Using these published data with clinical cost data for surgical and outpatient procedures and pharmaceutical costs, the model reported on the clinical and economic differences associated with the two treatment options.ResultsThis model demonstrates the significant clinical benefits likely to be observed through the incorporation of HAL blue‐light cystoscopy for TURBT in terms of reductions in recurrences of bladder cancer. Analysis of economic outputs of the model found that the use of one instillation of HAL for TURBT in all Swedish patients with NMIBC is likely to be cost‐neutral or cost‐saving over 5 years relative to the current SOC of white‐light cystoscopy.ConclusionsThe results of this analysis provide additional health economic rationale for the incorporation of a single instillation of HAL blue‐light cystoscopy for TURBT in the treatment of patients with NMIBC in Sweden.
Mobile Surface Reflectometry
Authors: Riviere J. , Peers P. , Ghosh A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe present two novel mobile reflectometry approaches for acquiring detailed spatially varying isotropic surface reflectance and mesostructure of a planar material sample using commodity mobile devices. The first approach relies on the integrated camera and flash pair present on typical mobile devices to support free‐form handheld acquisition of spatially varying rough specular material samples. The second approach, suited for highly specular samples, uses the LCD panel to illuminate the sample with polarized second‐order gradient illumination. To address the limited overlap of the front facing camera's view and the LCD illumination (and thus limited sample size), we propose a novel appearance transfer method that combines controlled reflectance measurement of a small exemplar section with uncontrolled reflectance measurements of the full sample under natural lighting. Finally, we introduce a novel surface detail enhancement method that adds fine scale surface mesostructure from close‐up observations under uncontrolled natural lighting. We demonstrate the accuracy and versatility of the proposed mobile reflectometry methods on a wide variety of spatially varying materials.
The Temporal Dynamics of Regularity Extraction in Non‐Human Primates
Authors: Minier Laure , Fagot Joël , Rey Arnaud 
Published: August 2015

AbstractExtracting the regularities of our environment is one of our core cognitive abilities. To study the fine‐grained dynamics of the extraction of embedded regularities, a method combining the advantages of the artificial language paradigm (Saffran, Aslin, & Newport, ) and the serial response time task (Nissen & Bullemer, ) was used with a group of Guinea baboons (Papio papio) in a new automatic experimental device (Fagot & Bonté, ). After a series of random trials, monkeys were exposed to language‐like patterns. We found that the extraction of embedded patterns positioned at the end of larger patterns was faster than the extraction of initial embedded patterns. This result suggests that there is a learning advantage for the final element of a sequence that benefits from the contextual information provided by previous elements.
Randomized controlled trial of a home‐visiting intervention on infant cognitive development in peri‐urban South Africa
Authors: Murray Lynne , Cooper Peter , Arteche Adriane , Stein Alan , Tomlinson Mark 
Published: August 2015

AimTo determine whether, in an impoverished South African community, an intervention that benefitted infant attachment also benefitted cognitive development.MethodPregnant females were randomized to intervention (n=220) and no‐treatment control groups (n=229). The intervention was home‐based parenting support for attachment, delivered until 6 months postpartum. At 18 months, infants were assessed on attachment and cognitive development (Bayley Scales Mental Development Index [MDI]) (n=127 intervention, n=136 control participants). Infant MDI was examined in relation to intervention, socio‐economic risk, antenatal depression, and infant sex and attachment.ResultsOverall, there was little effect of the intervention on MDI (p=0.094, d=0.20), but there was an interaction between intervention and risk (p=0.03, =0.02). MDI scores of infants of lower risk intervention group mothers were, on average, 4.84 points higher than those of other infants (p=0.002, d=0.41). Antenatal depression was not significant once intervention and risk were controlled (p=0.08); there was no association between infant MDI and either sex (p=0.41) or attachment (p=0.56).InterpretationParenting interventions for infant cognitive development may benefit from inclusion of specific components to support infant cognition beyond those that support attachment, and may be most effective for infants over 6 months. They may need augmentation with other input where adversity is extreme.
Testing two screening instruments for autism spectrum disorder in UK community child health services
Authors: Charman Tony , Baird Gillian , Simonoff Emily , Chandler Susie , Davison‐Jenkins Abi , Sharma Ajay , O'Sullivan Tony , Pickles Andrew 
Published: August 2015

AimThe aim of this study was to test the accuracy of two screening instruments in UK Community health services: Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M‐CHAT) and Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A two‐stage screening and in‐depth assessment procedure, combined with sampling stratification and statistical weighting, allowed the accuracy of the screens to be estimated in the entire population of referred children.MethodThe study included all referrals of children aged 18 to 48 months to community paediatric and speech and language therapy services in two London districts over a 12‐month period between September 2004 and September 2005. Parents of 808 children were approached; screen data were obtained on 543 children (67.2%). A stratified subsample of 120 children received an in‐depth assessment for ASD as defined by the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th edition. Community clinician judgement of likely ASD was available for 98 out of the 120 children.ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity were 64% (95% confidence intervals; range 51–80%) and 75% (63–85%) for the SCQ, and 82% (72–92%) and 50% (33–64%) for M‐CHAT. There was no evidence that the area under the curve differed between the two screening instruments. There was also no evidence that clinician judgement of likely ASD differed from either of the screening tests. The screening tests did not perform well to confirm preliminary clinical judgement to refer (in series), nor as an alternative indicator for referral (in parallel).InterpretationWhile screening tests may provide useful information, their accuracy is moderate. Screening information in isolation should not be used to make referral decisions regarding specialized ASD assessment.
Consider Your Man Card Reissued: Masculine Honor and Gun Violence
Authors: Shuffelton Amy 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn this article, Amy Shuffelton addresses school shootings through an investigation of honor and masculinity. Drawing on recent scholarship on honor, including Bernard Williams's Shame and Necessity and Kwame Anthony Appiah's The Honor Code, Shuffelton points out that honor has been misconstrued as exclusively a matter of hierarchical, competitive relationships. A second kind of honor, which exists within relationships of mutual respect between equals, she suggests, merits theorists' further consideration. In its hierarchical mode, honor is often a source of violent action, but honor in its egalitarian mode can play an important role in peacemaking. Shuffelton turns to Homer's Iliad and Adrienne Rich's “Women and Honor: Some Notes on Lying” to explore honor's potential. Linking both kinds of honor to masculinity and the issue of gun violence, this article contends that to address gun violence in and outside of schools, masculine honor needs to be “reissued” as a matter of egalitarian relationships based on honest communication.
Media and Violence: Does McLuhan Provide a Connection?
Authors: O'Dea Jane 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSchool shootings publicized worldwide inevitably awaken the debate about contemporary communication media and violence. It is often conjectured that regular exposure of young people to countless acts of aggression in contemporary popular media leads them to become more aggressive and, in some cases, to commit violent crimes. But is this claim valid? Media guru Marshall McLuhan argues that it is not so much the content of such media that incites aggressive actions as the sociostructural conditions they bring into being. In this article, Jane O'Dea draws on the cultural context of postmodernity and on Jean Baudrillard's thought to explore and critically assess the validity of the linkage McLuhan proposes, identifying the kinds of questions, inquiries, and educational implications it potentially raises.
Curriculum as Conversation: Vulnerability, Violence, and Pedagogy in Prison
Authors: O'Donnell Aislinn 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIt is difficult to respond creatively to humiliation, affliction, degradation, or shame, just as it is difficult to respond creatively to the experience of undergoing or inflicting violence. In this article Aislinn O'Donnell argues that if we are to think about how to address gun violence — including mass shootings — in schools, then we need to talk about violence inside and outside schools. Honest, and even difficult, conversations about violence and vulnerability can take place in schools, and there are ways of working with curricula and student voice that can allow for this. If pedagogy is to play a role in reorienting responses to violence and vulnerability, discussion of equivocal and ambivalent responses to corporeal vulnerability, and of histories and genealogies of violence, must be invited. We need to acknowledge that we do not have, and we may well never have, a world without violence. Drawing upon the experience of teaching philosophy in nontraditional learning environments, including prison, O'Donnell argues for an approach to pedagogy and curricula that invites difficult conversations about the complexity of violence.
Arthropod ecosystem services in apple orchards and their economic benefits
Authors: CROSS JERRY , FOUNTAIN MICHELLE , MARKÓ VIKTOR , NAGY CSABA 
Published: August 2015

Apple is grown as a long‐term perennial crop and orchards provide relatively stable ecological habitats. Only a small proportion of the diverse fauna of arthropods that can inhabit the orchard ecosystem are important pests, the majority of species being minor pests, beneficial or benign. In this paper, the interacting ecosystem services provided by five contrasting naturally occurring arthropod groups in cool temperate apple orchards are reviewed, and their economic benefits broadly quantified. These are:The roles of bees and other insects in apple pollination increasing yields and fruit quality, the economic value of which may be significantly underestimated.
Naturally occurring, pesticide‐resistant phytoseiid predatory mites and their role in regulating phytophagous mites. They eliminate the need for 1–2 acaricide sprays per annum and the risk of acaricide resistance.
The earwig Forficula auricularia L. and its role in regulating several important apple pests. There is great variability in populations between orchards for reasons not fully understood. It is estimated that F. auricularia reduces insecticide applications by 2–3 per annum and reduces pest damage.
Mutualism between the common black ant Lasius niger (L.) and important pest aphids, the roles of competitors, natural and artificial food sources, and ant exclusion in disrupting mutualism which can foster biocontrol of aphids by generalist predators so greatly reducing the need for sprays.
Beneficial epigeic arthropods and their role in predating the soil dwelling life stages of insect pests. These contribute to the control of pest populations although the level of suppression is not consistent depending on several ecological factors.
Do native predators benefit from non‐native prey?
Authors: Pintor Lauren M. , Byers James E. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractDespite knowledge on invasive species’ predatory effects, we know little of their influence as prey. Non‐native prey should have a neutral to positive effect on native predators by supplementing the prey base. However, if non‐native prey displace native prey, then an invader's net influence should depend on both its abundance and value relative to native prey. We conducted a meta‐analysis to quantify the effect of non‐native prey on native predator populations. Relative to native prey, non‐native prey similarly or negatively affect native predators, but only when studies employed a substitutive design that examined the effects of each prey species in isolation from other prey. When native predators had access to non‐native and native prey simultaneously, predator abundance increased significantly relative to pre‐invasion abundance. Although non‐native prey may have a lower per capita value than native prey, they seem to benefit native predators by serving as a supplemental prey resource.
Two modes of climatic control in the Holocene stalagmite record from the Japan Sea side of the Japanese islands
Authors: Sone Tomomi , Kano Akihiro , Kashiwagi Kenji , Mori Taiki , Okumura Tomoyo , Shen Chuan‐Chou , Hori Masako 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe Holocene stalagmite FG01 collected at the Fukugaguchi Cave in Itoigawa, central Japan provides a unique high‐resolution record of the East Asian winter monsoon. Because of the climate conditions on the Japan Sea side of the Japanese islands, the volume of precipitation during the winter is strongly reflected in the stalagmite δ18O signal. Examination of the carbon isotopes and the Mg/Ca ratio of FG01 provided additional information on the Holocene climate in Itoigawa, which is characterized by two different modes separated at 6.4 ka. Dripwater composition and the correlation between the δ13C and Mg/Ca data of FG01 indicate the importance of prior calcite precipitation (PCP), a process that selectively eliminated 12C and calcium ions from infiltrating water from CO2 degassing and calcite precipitation. In an earlier period (10.0–6.4 ka), an increase in soil pCO2 associated with warming and wetting climate trends was a critical factor that enhanced PCP, and resulted in an increasing trend in the Mg/Ca and δ13C data and a negative correlation between the δ13C and δ18O profiles. A distinct peak in the δ13C age profile at 6.8 ka could be a response to an increase of approximately 10% in C4 plants in the recharge area. At 6.4 ka, the climate mode changed to another, and correlation between δ18O and δ13C became positive. In addition, a millennial‐scale variation in δ18O and pulsed changes in δ13C and Mg/Ca became distinct. Assuming that δ18O and PCP were controlled by moisture in the later period, the volume of precipitation was high during 6.0–5.2, 4.4–4.0, and 3.0–2.0 ka. In contrast, the driest interval in Itoigawa was during 0.2–0.4 ka, and broadly corresponds to the Little Ice Age.
The efficiency of Poly(ADP‐Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) cleavage on detection of apoptosis in an experimental model of testicular torsion
Authors: Aslan Koşar Pınar , Tuncer Hamdi , Cihangir Uğuz Abdülhadi , Espino Palma Javier , Darıcı Hakan , Onaran İbrahim , Çiğ Bilal , Koşar Alim , Rodriguez Moratinos Ana Beatriz 
Published: August 2015

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological and apoptotic changes occurring in the rat ipsilateral and contralateral testes, after experimental spermatic cord torsion, and to explore and the role of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage in testicular torsion–detorsion injury. A total of 37 Wistar albino rats were subjected to 720° unilateral spermatic cord torsion for 1, 2 and 4 h, followed by 4‐h reperfusion, or else to a sham operation (control group). Histology of the testicle was evaluated using haematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining and Johnsen's scoring system. Germ cell apoptosis was evaluated via active caspase‐3 immunostaining, and PARP expression levels were evaluated via Western blotting. The mean Johnsen's tubular biopsy scores (JTBS) of the ipsilateral testicles were lower for all torsion groups than for the controls (P < 0.05), but the JTBS of the contralateral testicles were only lower in the 4‐h torsion group (P < 0.05). The mean apoptosis score (AS) of the ipsilateral and contralateral testicles was significantly higher in the torsion groups than in the sham group. AS increased correlatively with torsion time, in both testicles. The effect of testicular torsion on PARP cleavage was time dependent, with the highest effect observed after 4 h of testicular torsion (P < 0.05). Testicular torsion caused time‐dependent histological changes, apoptosis and increases in PARP cleavage. Our results suggest that testicular torsion–detorsion injury caused cell damage and germ cell apoptosis that apparently involved cleavage of PARP. Increased PARP cleavage could, in turn, lead to enhanced apoptosis.
Contemporary perspective and management of testosterone deficiency: Modifiable factors and variable management
Authors: Hisasue Shin‐ichi 
Published: August 2015

AbstractTestosterone deficiency can occur in males of all ages. In adult males, it is induced by endogenous testosterone decline through aging and other modifiable factors. Recent publications suggested the importance of the magnitude of longitudinal decline of testosterone from baseline. The baseline level and the longitudinal decline have individual variability influenced by individual factors including digit ratio, CAG repeat of the androgen receptor and sirtuin activity. Regarding treatment for testosterone deficiency, testosterone replacement therapy is the gold standard for the management of testosterone‐deficient patients, and it improves three domains of testosterone deficiency symptoms, such as the physical, psychological and sexual domain. Recent reports suggested the importance of modifiable factors in the testosterone decline in addition to aging. Therefore, it might be responsible for the prevention of testosterone deficiency symptoms to maintain testosterone secretion taking account of the modifiable factors. The present article reviews the literature, and introduces contemporary perspectives and management of testosterone deficiency.