bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Lamp Shell (Lingula unguis) into Value Added Products
Authors: Cari-An Daisy G. , Malo Rosebella L. 
Published: February 2013

An experimental study was conducted on the utilization of lamp shell locally known as ugpan to determine the value added products from it. The species of ugpan used was Lingula unguis and was collected in the coastal zone of Nabuswang, Canmoros, Binalbagan, Negros Occidental. Ugpan was tested as raw material into value added products. The meat was utilized into ugpan nuggets and the pedicle was used into crispy ugpan. The liking of ugpan nuggets and crispy ugpan were determined using sensory evaluation. The acceptability of the quality attributes of the value added product was determined using the 9-point hedonic scale. The liking of crispy ugpan showed 80 and 90 for the ugpan nuggets. The acceptability of crispy ugpan had a mean of 8.33 which meant like very much or very much acceptable, while the ugpan nuggets had a mean of 8.0 which meant like very much. The overall quality had a mean score of higher than 8 which means that the ugpan can be utilized into value added products. Improving the quality of ugpan nuggets can increase the hedonic score for the acceptance of the product. The result of this study will served as the extension project of the institution. Keywords - Technology, crispy ugpan, Lingula unguis, quality, ugpan nuggets, Negros Occidental, Philippines
Plasmonic‐Enhanced Organic Photovoltaics: Breaking the 10% Efficiency Barrier
Authors: Gan Qiaoqiang , Bartoli Filbert J. , Kafafi Zakya H. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractRecent advances in molecular organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have shown 10% power conversion efficiency (PCE) for single‐junction cells, which put them in direct competition with PVs based on amorphous silicon. Incorporation of plasmonic nanostructures for light trapping in these thin‐film devices offers an attractive solution to realize higher‐efficiency OPVs with PCE≫10%. This article reviews recent progress on plasmonic‐enhanced OPV devices using metallic nanoparticles, and one‐dimensional (1D) and two‐dimensional (2D) patterned periodic nanostructures. We discuss the benefits of using various plasmonic nanostructures for broad‐band, polarization‐insensitive and angle‐independent absorption enhancement, and their integration with one or two electrode(s) of an OPV device.
An Interdisciplinary Non‐invasive Approach to Landscape Archaeology of the Great War
Authors: Saey Timothy , Stichelbaut Birger , Bourgeois Jean , Eetvelde Veerle Van , Meirvenne Marc Van 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACTThe prospection and evaluation of former battlefields of the Great War or the First World War (WW I) poses specific challenges. For several reasons, large‐scale excavation campaigns of this conflict landscape are problematic. The vastness of the former Western Front (one of the largest archaeological sites in the world), the large amounts of buried unexploded ordnance and the possible presence of human remains hinder invasive practices. As an alternative, an integrated approach combining a geophysical survey, contemporary aerial photographs and a topographic model is proposed. This approach was evaluated for a 3.2 ha WW I battlefield using a multireceiver electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor. Integrating multiple apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) and apparent magnetic susceptibility (MSa) EMI measurements allowed evaluation of the present WW I remains in the subsoil, while comparison with WW I aerial photographs and a digital terrain model led to a comprehensive understanding of the WW I landscape. It is suggested that this approach may be of value for the investigation of battlefields in other locations and periods. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identifying the genomic determinants of aging and longevity in human population studies: Progress and challenges
Authors: Deelen Joris , Beekman Marian , Capri Miriam , Franceschi Claudio , Slagboom P. Eline 
Published: February 2013

AbstractHuman lifespan variation is mainly determined by environmental factors, whereas the genetic contribution is 25–30% and expected to be polygenic. Two complementary fields go hand in hand in order to unravel the mechanisms of biological aging: genomic and biomarker research. Explorative and candidate gene studies of the human genome by genetic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic approaches have resulted in the identification of a limited number of interesting positive linkage regions, genes, and pathways that contribute to lifespan variation. The possibilities to further exploit these findings are rapidly increasing through the use of novel technologies, such as next‐generation sequencing. Genomic research is progressively being integrated with biomarker studies on aging, including the application of (noninvasive) deep phenotyping and omics data – generated using novel technologies – in a wealth of studies in human populations. Hence, these studies may assist in obtaining a more holistic perspective on the role of the genome in aging and lifespan regulation.Editor's suggested further reading in BioEssays: On the cause of aging and control of lifespan AbstractThe free‐radical theory of ageing – older, wiser and still alive AbstractLongevity and the long arm of epigenetics: Acquired parental marks influence lifespan across several generations AbstractThe mystery of C. elegans aging: An emerging role for fat Abstract
Relevance of the Sea Sand Disruption Method (SSDM) for the Biometrical Differentiation of the Essential‐Oil Composition from Conifers
Authors: Dawidowicz Andrzej L. , Czapczyńska Natalia B. , Wianowska Dorota 
Published: February 2013

AbstractSea Sand Disruption Method (SSDM) is a simple and cheap sample‐preparation procedure allowing the reduction of organic solvent consumption, exclusion of sample component degradation, improvement of extraction efficiency and selectivity, and elimination of additional sample clean‐up and pre‐concentration step before chromatographic analysis. This article deals with the possibility of SSDM application for the differentiation of essential‐oils components occurring in the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) needles from Madrid (Spain), Laganas (Zakhyntos, Greece), Cala Morell (Menorca, Spain), Lublin (Poland), Helsinki (Finland), and Oradea (Romania). The SSDM results are related to the analogous – obtained applying two other sample preparation methods – steam distillation and Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE). The results presented established that the total amount and the composition of essential‐oil components revealed by SSDM are equivalent or higher than those obtained by one of the most effective extraction technique, PLE. Moreover, SSDM seems to provide the most representative profile of all essential‐oil components as no heat is applied. Thus, this environmentally friendly method is suggested to be used as the main extraction procedure for the differentiation of essential‐oil components in conifers for scientific and industrial purposes.
Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Volatile Fractions from Leaves and Flowers of the Wild Iraqi Kurdish Plant Prangos peucedanifoliaFenzl
Authors: Brusotti Gloria , Ibrahim Mohammed Farhad , Dentamaro Alessandra , Gilardoni Gianluca , Tosi Solveig , Grisoli Pietro , Dacarro Cesare , Guglielminetti Maria Lidia , Hussain Faiq Hama Saeed , Caccialanza Gabriele , Vidari Giovanni 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe volatile fractions isolated from Prangos peucedanifolia Fenzl leaves and flowers were investigated for their phytochemical composition and biological properties. Flower and leaf hydrodistillation afforded 3.14 and 0.49 g of yellowish oils in 1.25 and 0.41% yields, respectively, from dry vegetable materials. According to the GC‐FID and GC/MS analyses, 36 (99.35% of the total oil composition) and 26 compounds (89.12%) were identified in the two oils, respectively. The major constituents in the flower volatile fraction were β‐pinene (35.58%), α‐pinene (22.13%), and β‐phellandrene (12.54%), while m‐cresol (50.38%) was the main constituent of the leaf volatile fraction. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against several bacterial and fungal strains, on the basis of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the micro‐ and macrodilution methods. The two volatile fractions showed moderate antifungal and antibacterial activities, especially against Trichophyton rubrum (MIC of 2×103 μg/ml), Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus (MIC≤1.9×103 μg/ml for all).
Remodeling and thrombosis following closure of coronary artery fistula with review of management
Authors: Gowda Srinath T. , Forbes Thomas J. , Singh Harinder , Kovach Julie A. , Prieto Lourdes , Latson Larry A. , Turner Daniel 
Published: February 2013

BackgroundTo evaluate postdiscovery outcome of coronary artery fistulae (CAF). CAF treatment sequelae and risk factors for coronary thrombosis have not been adequately evaluated.MethodsOutcome on follow‐up of 16 patients with CAF was reviewed. Risk factors for adverse coronary events were assessed based on type, size, and treatment of CAF.ResultsMedian age was 10 years (0.01–56). Seven patients had large, four medium, and five small sizes CAF. Eight had proximal and 8 distal type CAF. There were 7 in the intervention group (IG) and 9 in nonintervention (NIG). In the IG, 1 had myocardial infarction (MI) <24 hr with distal thrombosis following large distal type CAF closure. Follow‐up angiograms in 6 pts showed; decrease in conduit coronary artery size towards normal in 4, 1 had discrete intimal stenosis, persistent coronary dilatation in 1, thrombosis of residual proximal fistula segment without MI in 2, evidence of revascularization in 2 and neovascularization in 1 patient. In the NIG, 6 of the 9 pts available for follow‐up were asymptomatic. Angiogram available in 1 patient showed persistent coronary dilatation with partial closure.ConclusionPost‐CAF treatment sequelae include thrombosis and MI, revascularization, persistent coronary dilatation, remodeling, and decrease in conduit coronary artery size towards normal. The large size distal type of CAF may be at highest risk for coronary thrombosis post closure. The optimal treatment approach to various morphologies of CAF at various ages remains to be determined. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selective Targeting of Dendritic Cell‐Specific Intercellular Adhesion Molecule‐3‐Grabbing Nonintegrin (DC‐SIGN) with Mannose‐Based Glycomimetics: Synthesis and Interaction Studies of Bis(benzylamide) Derivatives of a Pseudomannobioside
Authors: Varga Norbert , Sutkeviciute Ieva , Guzzi Cinzia , McGeagh John , Petit‐Haertlein Isabelle , Gugliotta Serena , Weiser Jörg , Angulo Jesús , Fieschi Franck , Bernardi Anna 
Published: February 2013

AbstractDendritic cell‐specific intercellular adhesion molecule‐3‐grabbing nonintegrin (DC‐SIGN) and Langerin are C‐type lectins of dendritic cells (DCs) that share a specificity for mannose and are involved in pathogen recognition. HIV is known to use DC‐SIGN on DCs to facilitate transinfection of T‐cells. Langerin, on the contrary, contributes to virus elimination; therefore, the inhibition of this latter receptor is undesired. Glycomimetic molecules targeting DC‐SIGN have been reported as promising agents for the inhibition of viral infections and for the modulation of immune responses mediated by DC‐SIGN. We show here for the first time that glycomimetics based on a mannose anchor can be tuned to selectively inhibit DC‐SIGN over Langerin. Based on structural and binding studies of a mannobioside mimic previously described by us (2), a focused library of derivatives was designed. The optimized synthesis gave fast and efficient access to a group of bis(amides), decorated with an azide‐terminated tether allowing further conjugation. SPR inhibition tests showed improvements over the parent pseudomannobioside by a factor of 3–4. A dimeric, macrocyclic structure (11) was also serendipitously obtained, which afforded a 30‐fold gain over the starting compound (2). The same ligands were tested against Langerin and found to exhibit high selectivity towards DC‐SIGN. Structural studies using saturation transfer difference NMR spectroscopy (STD‐NMR) were performed to analyze the binding mode of one representative library member with DC‐SIGN. Despite the overlap of some signals, it was established that the new ligand interacts with the protein in the same fashion as the parent pseudodisaccharide. The two aromatic amide moieties showed relatively high saturation in the STD spectrum, which suggests that the improved potency of the bis(amides) over the parent dimethyl ester can be attributed to lipophilic interactions between the aromatic groups of the ligand and the binding site of DC‐SIGN.
Synthesis of 5‐Aminotetrazole‐1 N‐oxide and Its Azo Derivative: A Key Step in the Development of New Energetic Materials
Authors: Fischer Dennis , Klapötke Thomas M. , Piercey Davin G. , Stierstorfer Jörg 
Published: February 2013

Abstract1‐Hydroxy‐5‐aminotetrazole (1), which is a long‐desired starting material for the synthesis of hundreds of new energetic materials, was synthesized for the first time by the reaction of aqueous hydroxylamine with cyanogen azide. The use of this unique precursor was demonstrated by the preparation of several energetic compounds with equal or higher performance than that of commonly used explosives, such as hexogen (RDX). The prepared compounds, including energetic salts of 1‐hydroxy‐5‐aminotetrazole (hydroxylammonium (2, two polymorphs) and ammonium (3)), azo‐coupled derivatives (potassium (5), hydroxylammonium (6), ammonium (7), and hydrazinium 5,5′‐azo‐bis(1‐N‐oxidotetrazolate (8, two polymorphs)), as well as neutral compounds 5,5′‐azo‐bis(1‐oxidotetrazole) (4) and 5,5′‐bis(1‐oxidotetrazole)hydrazine (9), were intensively characterized by low‐temperature X‐ray diffraction, IR, Raman, and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and DSC. The calculated energetic performance, by using the EXPLO5 code, based on the calculated (CBS‐4M) heats of formation and X‐ray densities confirm the high energetic performance of tetrazole‐N‐oxides as energetic materials. Last but not least, their sensitivity towards impact, friction, and electrostatic discharge were explored. 5,5′‐Azo‐bis(1‐N‐oxidotetrazole) deflagrates close to the DDT (deflagration‐to‐detonation transition) faster than all compounds that have been investigated in our research group to date.
Limitations for Current Production in Geobacter sulfurreducens Biofilms
Authors: Bonanni P. Sebastian , Bradley Dan F. , Schrott Germán D. , Busalmen Juan Pablo 
Published: February 2013

AbstractDevices that exploit electricity produced by electroactive bacteria such as Geobacter sulfurreducens have not yet been demonstrated beyond the laboratory scale. The current densities are far from the maximum that the bacteria can produce because fundamental properties such as the mechanism of extracellular electron transport and factors limiting cell respiration remain unclear. In this work, a strategy for the investigation of electroactive biofilms is presented. Numerical modeling of the response of G. sulfurreducens biofilms cultured on a rotating disk electrode has allowed for the discrimination of different limiting steps in the process of current production within a biofilm. The model outputs reveal that extracellular electron transport limits the respiration rate of the cells furthest from the electrode to the extent that cell division is not possible. The mathematical model also demonstrates that recent findings such as the existence of a redox gradient in actively respiring biofilms can be explained by an electron hopping mechanism but not when considering metallic‐like conductivities.
A Novel Manganese(II) MOCVD Precursor: Synthesis, Characterization, and Mass Transport Properties of Mn(hfa)2•tmeda
Authors: Lipani Zaira , Catalano Maria R. , Rossi Patrizia , Paoli Paola , Malandrino Graziella 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThe complex, Mn(hfa)2•tmeda [(H‐hfa = 1,1,1,5,5,5‐hexafluoro‐2,4‐pentandione, tmeda = N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylendiamine)], is synthesized in a single‐step reaction and characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The solid‐state crystal structure of Mn(hfa)2•tmeda provides evidence of a mononuclear structure. The thermal analyses show that the complex is thermally stable and can be evaporated to leave less than 2% residue. The complex properties are compared with the first generation, commercially available MnII and MnIII precursors, Mn(acac)2 (Hacac = acetylacetone) and Mn(tmhd)3 (Htmhd = 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐3,5‐heptanedione), respectively. Mn(hfa)2•tmeda represents the first example of manganese(II) precursor that can be used in the liquid phase without decomposition, thus providing constant evaporation rates, even for long deposition times. It is successfully applied to the reduced‐pressure, metal‐organic (MO)CVD of the Mn3O4 phase.
Magnetic Core–Shell Nanoparticles as Carriers for Olefin Dimerization Catalysts
Authors: Ruhland Thomas M. , Lang Julian R. V. , Alt Helmut G. , Müller Axel H. E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractWe report the covalent support of functionalized nickel complexes on magnetic core–shell hybrid particles γ‐Fe2O3/SiO2. Two completely different ways of connecting the particle with these nickel complexes were carried out. The first approach used the hydrosilylation method between the alkene‐substituted nickel complex and a silane. In a second approach, the particles were connected with the complexes by means of click chemistry (copper‐catalyzed Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition). For this purpose, the nickel complexes were substituted with an alkyne moiety. Transmission and scanning electron microscopies, energy‐dispersive X‐ray diffraction, and FTIR spectroscopy were the methods employed to characterize the successful heterogenization of the nickel complexes.
A portable lab‐on‐a‐chip instrument based onMCEwith dual top–bottom capacitive coupled contactless conductivity detector in replaceable cell cartridge
Authors: Ansari Kambiz , Ying Jasmine Yuen Shu , Hauser Peter C. , de Rooij Nico F. , Rodriguez Isabel 
Published: February 2013

A new design for a compact portable lab‐on‐a‐chip instrument based onMCEand dual capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (dC4D) is described. The instrument is battery powered with total dimension of 14 × 25 × 8 cm3(w×l×h), and weighs 1.2 kg. The device consists of a front electrophoresis compartment which has the chip holder and the chip, the associated high‐voltage electrodes for electrophoresis injection and separation and the detector. The detection cell is integrated into the device housing with an exchangeable plug‐and‐play cartridge format. The design of the dC4Dcell has been optimized for maximum performance. The cartridge includes the top–bottom excitation and pick up electrodes incorporated into the cell and connected to push‐pull self‐latching pins that are insulated with plastic. The metal frame of the cartridge is grounded completely to eliminate electronic interferences. The cartridge is designed to clamp a thin fluidic chip at the detection point. The cartridges are replaceable whereby different cartridges have different detection electrode configurations to employ according to the sensitivity or resolution needed in the specific analytical application. The second compartment consists of all the electronics, data acquisition card, high‐voltage modules of up to ±5 kV both polarity, and batteries for 10 h of operation. The improved detector performance is illustrated by the electrophoresis analysis of six cations (NH4+, K+, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, Li+) with a detection limit of approximately 5 μM and the analysis of the anions (Br−, Cl−, NO2−, NO3−, SO42−, F−) with a detection limit of about 3 μM. Analytical capabilities of the instrument for food and medical applications were evaluated by simultaneous detection of organic and inorganic acids in fruit juice and inorganic cations and anions in rabbit blood samples and human urine samples are also demonstrated.
A pressure‐based method with AUSM‐type fluxes for MHD flows at arbitrary Mach numbers
Authors: Xisto C.M. , Páscoa J.C. , Oliveira P.J. 
Published: February 2013

SUMMARYIn this paper, we propose an extension of a PISO method, previously developed to solve the Euler equations, and which is here extended to the ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations. By following a pressure‐based approach, we make use of the flexibility given by pressure equation for calculating flows at arbitrary Mach numbers. To handle MHD discontinuities, we have adapted the MHD‐Advection Upstream Splitting Method for our pressure‐based formulation. With the purpose of validation, four sets of test cases are presented and discussed. We start with the circularly polarized Alfvén waves that serves as a smooth flow validation. The second case is the 1‐D Riemann problem that is calculated using both 1‐D and 2‐D formulation of the MHD equations. The third and fourth problems are the Orszag–Tang vortex and the supersonic low‐ β cylinder allowing validation of the method in complex 2‐D MHD shock interaction. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Joint Analysis of the Term Structure of Credit Default Swap Spreads and the Implied Volatility Surface
Authors: Da Fonseca José , Gottschalk Katrin 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis study analyzes the co‐movements of the term structure of credit default swap (CDS) spreads and the implied volatility surface by performing a factor decomposition for both dynamics. In our joint analysis we compute the information flow between the credit and volatility factors, examine their contemporaneous interactions, and assess the effectiveness of cross‐hedges. Using options and CDS data for U.S. and European indices, the credit market is found to be the main contributor to overall market innovations. Our methodology is parsimonious and captures the intrinsic relationships between both markets. The empirical study highlights cross‐market linkages during the Global Financial Crisis. Factors with small associated eigenvalues can be of tremendous importance for effective cross‐hedging. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark
Radiative heating characteristics of Earth's cloudy atmosphere from vertically resolved active sensors
Authors: Haynes John M. , Vonder Haar Thomas H. , L'Ecuyer Tristan , Henderson David 
Published: February 2013

AbstractHigh vertical resolution CloudSat radar measurements, supplemented with cloud boundaries and aerosol information from the CALIPSO lidar, are used to examine radiative heating features in the atmosphere that have not previously been characterized by passive sensors. The monthly and annual mean radiative heating/cooling structure for a 4 year period between 2006 and 2010 is derived. The mean atmospheric radiative cooling rate from CloudSat/CALIPSO is 0.98 K d−1 (1.34 K d−1 between 150 and 950 hPa) and is largely a reflection of the Earth's mean water vapor distribution, with sharp vertical gradients introduced by clouds. It is found that there is a minimum in cooling in the tropical lower to middle troposphere, a cooling maximum in the upper‐boundary layer of the Southern Hemisphere poleward of −10° latitude, and a minimum in cooling in the lower boundary layer in the middle to high latitudes of both hemispheres. Clouds tops tend to strongly cool the upper‐boundary layer all year in the midlatitudes to high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere (where peak seasonal mean winter cooling is 3.4 K d−1), but this cooling is largely absent in the corresponding parts of the Northern Hemisphere during boreal winter, resulting in a hemispheric asymmetry in cloud radiative cooling.