bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embolization of left atrial appendage closure devices: A systematic review of cases reported with the watchman device and the amplatzer cardiac plug
Authors: Aminian Adel , Lalmand Jacques , Tzikas Apostolos , Budts Werner , Benit Edouard , Kefer Joelle 
Published: February 2015

ObjectivesWe sought to provide a systematic review of reported cases of LAA closure device embolization by focusing on the two most commonly implanted devices: the Watchman (WM) device and the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (ACP).MethodsA comprehensive search of the Pubmed database was conducted until October 1, 2014. Studies were included if they described at least 1 case of embolization of the WM and/or the ACP.ResultsA total of 20 studies reporting 31 cases of device embolization were identified, including 13 cases with WM and 18 cases. The timing of embolization was described in 29 cases and was categorized as acute in 20 cases (65%) and late in 9 cases (30%). The anatomical location of embolized devices was reported in 21 cases: into the aorta in 9 cases, into the left ventricle (LV) in 9 cases and into the left atrial cavity in 3 cases. As compared to embolization into the aorta or the left atrial cavity, device embolization into the LV was associated with a higher rate of surgical retrieval (8/9 vs 2/12; 88% vs 17%, P = 0.0019). Major adverse events related to device embolization occurred in three patients (9.6%).ConclusionsLAA closure device embolization occurs mainly in the periprocedural period but late embolizations are not uncommon. Although embolization into the aorta or the left atrium can be successfully managed by percutaneous techniques in most cases, device embolization into the LV is associated with a higher rate of surgical retrieval, increasing thereby procedure‐related morbidity. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outcomes following implantation of the biolimus A9‐eluting BioMatrix coronary stent: Primary analysis of the e‐BioMatrix registry
Authors: Urban Philip , Valdés Mariano , Menown Ian , Eberli Franz , Alhaddad Imad , Hildick‐Smith David , Iosseliani David , Roffi Marco , Oldroyd Keith , Kalloudi Erifyli , Eerdmans Pedro , Berland Jacques , Kleber Franz Xaver ,   for the e‐Biomatrix investigators
Published: February 2015

ObjectivesTo assess the safety and efficacy of Biolimus A9‐eluting stents (BES, BioMatrix™ and BioMatrix Flex™) in routine clinical practice.BackgroundThe LEADERS randomized trial has documented equivalent efficacy and superior safety of the BES when compared to a first generation Sirolimus‐eluting CypherTM stent.Methods5,472 patients from 57 centers, treated with BES, were enrolled in an international multicenter registry and followed clinically up to 2 years.ResultsMean patient age was 63.2 ± 11 years, 24% of patients had diabetes, and 49.8% presented with an acute coronary syndrome. 99.3% of patients were discharged on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), 83.3% remained on DAPT at 1 year and 30.6% at 2 years. The incidence of the composite primary end point [major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 12 months] was 4.5% [cardiac death 0.9%, myocardial infarction 1.7%, clinically indicated target vessel revascularization (ci‐TVR) 2.8%]. MACE incidence was 6.8% at 24 months (cardiac death 1.5%, myocardial infarction 2.4%, ci‐TVR 4.3%). At 12 months, 32 patients (0.6%) had suffered at least one definite or probable stent thrombosis (ST), and 91 patients (1.7%) a major bleed (MB). Nine patients with ST (27.3%) and 7 patients with a MB (7.7%) died during the first year after the index procedure. Between 12 and 24 months after implantation, there were 18 (0.4%) additional MB and 8 (0.2%) additional ST.ConclusionsThis large international cohort documents a low 12 and 24 months MACE incidence and a very low ST incidence in an unselected patient population undergoing BES implantation. The results are in keeping with those of the randomized controlled LEADERS trial. Even though ST with this stent was a rare event, it was still associated with significant mortality. MB remains a problem, and warrants improved tailoring of DAPT in recipients of drug eluting stents. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A single stent strategy in patients with lifestyle limiting claudication: 3‐year results from the Durability II trial
Authors: Rocha‐Singh Krishna J. , Bosiers Marc , Schultz Greg , Jaff Michael R. , Mehta Manish , Matsumura Jon S. ,   for the Durability II Investigators
Published: February 2015

ObjectivesTo evaluate longer‐term safety and efficacy of a single self‐expanding stent up to 20 cm in length in patients with atherosclerotic disease of the superficial femoral (SFA) and proximal popliteal arteries.BackgroundAngioplasty and stenting are options for revascularization of symptomatic peripheral artery disease. While angioplasty alone is effective in short lesions, outcomes in longer lesions (i.e., mean 8.7 cm) show suboptimal patency rates of 33% at one year.MethodsTwo hundred eighty‐seven patients (mean age 68 years, 66% male) were treated with the EverFlex™ Self‐Expanding Peripheral Stent System. Patients were followed through 3 years with yearly core lab adjudicated duplex ultrasonography for patency, radiographic assessment of stent fractures, and resting ankle brachial indices.ResultsOverall freedom from loss of primary patency at 3 years was 60.0%. Patency was significantly higher for lesions ≤8 cm compared with lesions >8 cm (71.0 vs. 50.5%, P < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in patency between single‐stent and multistent recipients (60.4 vs. 52.4%, P = 0.343). The three‐year freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization was 70.0%. At 3 years, the overall stent fracture rate was 0.9%.ConclusionsDURABILITY II is the first investigational device exemption trial to report 3‐year duplex Doppler defined stent patency and CD‐TLR outcomes in long SFA and proximal popliteal lesions and demonstrated acceptable stent patency and freedom from CD‐TLR with a low fracture rate. These data suggest that use of a single long stent provides reasonable long‐term outcomes when intervention is required for symptomatic SFA and proximal popliteal arterial disease. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Iatrogenic aortopulmonary communications after transcatheter interventions on the right ventricular outflow tract or pulmonary artery: Pathophysiologic, diagnostic, and management considerations
Authors: Torres Alejandro , Sanders Stephen P. , Vincent Julie A. , El‐Said Howaida G. , Leahy Ryan A. , Padera Robert F. , McElhinney Doff B. 
Published: February 2015

ObjectivesTo investigate the spectrum, etiology, and management of traumatic aortopulmonary (AP) communications after transcatheter interventions on the pulmonary circulation.BackgroundAn iatrogenic AP communication is an unusual complication after balloon pulmonary artery (PA) angioplasty or stenting, or transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR). However, with the increasing application of transcatheter therapies for postoperative PA stenosis and right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) dysfunction, including percutaneous pulmonary valve replacement, consideration of the etiology, diagnosis, and management of this problem is important for interventional cardiologists performing such procedures.Methods and ResultsWe present three new cases, as well as gross anatomy and histopathology data, related to AP communications after PA interventions. We also review the literature relevant to this topic. Including these new cases, there have been 18 reported cases of iatrogenic AP communication after transcatheter interventions on the PAs or RVOT, primarily patients with transposition of the great arteries who underwent PA angioplasty after an arterial switch operation, or after TPVR in patients who had undergone a Ross procedure. The likely cause of such defects is PA trauma plus distortion of the neo‐aortic anastomosis resulting from angioplasty or stenting of the RVOT or central PAs, with subsequent dissection through the extravascular connective tissue and into the closely adjacent vessel through the devitalized tissue at the anastomosis.ConclusionsCardiologists performing PA or RVOT interventions should be aware of the possibility of a traumatic AP communication and consider this diagnosis when confronted with suggestive signs and symptoms. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Second‐degree atrioventricular block type II and third‐degree atrioventricular block requiring cardiac pacing after tooth extraction
Authors: Kishimoto Naotaka , Toyonaga Tatsunori , Gotoh Motohiro , Kotani Junichiro 
Published: February 2015

Key Clinical MessageBecause atrioventricular block can cause cardiovascular collapse, the rapid management of this condition is necessary. An 82‐year‐old man complained of discomfort after tooth extraction, and electrocardiography showed second‐ and third‐degree atrioventricular blocks. Dentists should monitor patients who report discomfort using electrocardiography because of the possibility of life‐threatening arrhythmia.
Chiral Chlorohydrins from the Biocatalyzed Reduction of Chloroketones: Chiral Building Blocks for Antiretroviral Drugs
Authors: de Miranda Amanda S. , Simon Robert C. , Grischek Barbara , de Paula Gabriel C. , Horta Bruno A. C. , de Miranda Leandro S. M. , Kroutil Wolfgang , Kappe C. Oliver , de Souza Rodrigo O. M. A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractE. coli cells that contain overexpressed alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) were screened as biocatalysts for the stereoselective reduction of chloroketones 5 a–d, the corresponding halohydrins 6 a–d of which are building blocks in the synthesis of antiretroviral drugs. Among them, ADH from Sphingobium yanoikuyae was found to reduce chloroketone 5 c with a high stereoselectivity (90 % de) and conversion (85 %) to furnish threo halohydrin (R,S)‐6 c. ADH from Ralstonia sp. (RasADH) was able to reduce 5 a and 5 b with complementary diastereoselectivity to provide access to both threo and erythro halohydrins through “substrate‐based” stereocontrol. The RasADH‐catalyzed reductions were optimized to provide (R,S)‐6 a with 98 % conversion and 84 % diastereomeric excess (de) and (S,S)‐6 b with 95 % conversion and 86 % de. Molecular modeling studies showed that 5 b, which features a carboxybenzyl protecting group, is able to bind to the enzyme catalytic site in an “inverted” mode in comparison to tert‐butyloxycarbonyl‐ and methyloxycarbonyl‐protected substrates 5 a and 5 c, which sheds light on the observed switching of the stereopreference. RasADH‐catalyzed reductions were optimized to provide (R,S)‐6 a with 98 % conversion and 84 % de and (S,S)‐6 b with 95 % conversion and 86 % de.
Facile Synthesis of Zn0.5Cd0.5S Ultrathin Nanorods on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution under Visible Light
Authors: Shen Shuling , Ma Anping , Tang Zhihong , Han Zhuo , Wang Mingjie , Wang Zhao , Zhi Linjie , Yang Junhe 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe front cover artwork for Issue 4/2015 is a collaboration between the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology (P.R. China) and the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (P.R. China). The image shows the fast collection and transportation of photogenerated electrons from Zn0.5Cd0.5S nanorods to graphene through a line‐to‐line interface under visible light irradiation. See the Full Paper itself at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201402872.
Dendrimer‐Encapsulated Palladium Nanoparticles for Continuous‐Flow Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Ricciardi Roberto , Huskens Jurriaan , Holtkamp Michael , Karst Uwe , Verboom Willem 
Published: February 2015

AbstractGeneration three, four, and five (G3, G4, and G5) poly(amidoamine) dendrimers were used for the encapsulation of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) and their covalent anchoring within glass microreactors. G3‐encapsulated Pd NPs showed the highest activity for a model Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling (SMC) reaction of the three different encapsulated Pd NPs tested, as compared to G4 and G5. A kinetic study indicated a role of the nanoparticle as a procatalyst, from which molecular species are formed with an induction time of approximately 1 min. The dendrimer–nanoparticle catalytic platform exhibited excellent reactivity (high turnover frequencies and numbers) compared to other Pd NP flow reactors and dendrimer‐encapsulated Pd NPs at batch scale. Moreover, the Pd microreactor exhibited good stability, as witnessed by running the SMC reaction for more than 7 days with a low Pd leaching of 1.2 ppm. The covalently attached dendrimers may play a crucial role in stabilizing the Pd NPs, a critical feature in flow SMC reactions.
Controllable Electrochemical Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles on Indium‐Tin‐Oxide‐Coated Glass
Authors: Yan Ziren , Peng Yang , Wu Ying , Di Junwei 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA simple electrochemical approach, which integrates nanoseed nucleation and a square‐wave cyclic voltammetry (SWCV) growth strategy, was developed to construct silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on indium tin oxide (ITO)‐coated glass surfaces. Ag nanoseeds were first deposited on the ITO surface by using pulse chronoamperometry and the particles were then grown during the SWCV process. Factors that have great effects on the characterization of AgNPs during the electrochemical process were systematically investigated. It is demonstrated that the growth process can be controlled separately. AgNPs and clusters were deposited and grown onto the ITO substrate. Moreover, the nanoparticles grew monotonically with increasing number of cycles, which provides a powerful tool to control the nanoparticle size by simply changing the number of SWCV cycles.
Visualization of Oxygen Partial Pressure and Numerical Simulation of a Running Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell with Straight Flow Channels to Elucidate Reaction Distributions
Authors: Nagase Katsuya , Motegi Haruki , Yoneda Masakazu , Nagumo Yuzo , Suga Takeo , Uchida Makoto , Inukai Junji , Nishide Hiroyuki , Watanabe Masahiro 
Published: February 2015

AbstractVisualization of the oxygen partial pressure (pO(2)) was performed at the surface of a gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the upper part of the gas‐flow channel of the cathode of an operating polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) with straight flow channels by using an oxygen‐sensitive luminescent dye film. The gradient of pO(2) inside a channel was clearly observed, even on the GDL surface across the channel. A numerical simulation was performed to understand the reaction distributions inside the PEFC. By visualization and numerical simulation, the distributions of pO(2), the current density, water concentration, and temperature in the operating PEFC were obtained, and the relationships between the parameters were studied. Supersaturated water inside the cell was found both experimentally and computationally. pO(2) and the water concentration were concluded to be the two most important factors in determining the distribution of power generation.
Assistance Current Effect for Prevention of Voltage Reversal in Stacked Microbial Fuel Cell Systems
Authors: Kim Bongkyu , Lee Byung‐Geun , Kim Byung Hong , Chang In Seop 
Published: February 2015

AbstractHerein, an assistance current is suggested as a new approach to prevent voltage reversal in series‐connected microbial fuel cells (MFCs). This approach can be used to revive reversed MFCs, as a supporting assistance current is applied through an assistance anode when voltage reversal occurs. However, when the assistance current is applied without control over the assistance current, voltage reversal is regenerated. Therefore, to control the assistance current, the suggested approach is complemented by the application of variable resistors between the anode and assistance electrode. As a result, the regenerated voltage reversal is restored and all voltages of MFC units in the stacked MFC remain positive. Thus, it is expected that this approach could resolve voltage reversal that occurs in series‐connected MFCs, and thus increase the applicability of MFC technology to the production of practically usable electricity, with potential for extension to large‐scale MFCs.
Direct Reduction of Alkyl Monohalides at Silver in Dimethylformamide: Effects of Position and Identity of the Halogen
Authors: Strawsine Lauren M. , Sengupta Arkajyoti , Raghavachari Krishnan , Peters Dennis G. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of primary (1‐halodecane), secondary (2‐halohexane and cyclohexyl halide), and tertiary halides (tert‐butyl halide) at a silver cathode in dimethylformamide (DMF) containing 0.050 M tetramethylammonium perchlorate (TMAP) was investigated with the aid of cyclic voltammetry and controlled‐potential (bulk) electrolysis for iodides, bromides, and chlorides. Selected reductions were probed in dried DMF–TMAP and DMF containing tetra‐n‐hexylammonium perchlorate (THAP). Cyclic voltammograms reveal that the number of cathodic peaks and their potentials are highly dependent on the identity and position of the halogen as well as the composition of the solvent–electrolyte. Intermediates arising from bulk electrolysis of these halides at silver undergo both radical and carbanion reactions. Electrolysis products depend on the identity and position of the halogen, amount of residual water, and size of the electrolyte cation in the solvent–electrolyte. Theoretical calculations of molecular dipole moments and polarizabilities were performed and compared to experimental observations.
Combined Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Depth Profiling and Focused Ion Beam Analysis of Cu Films Electrodeposited under Oscillatory Conditions
Authors: Hai Nguyen T. M. , Lechner David , Stricker Florian , Furrer Julien , Broekmann Peter 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe recrystallization behavior of Cu films electrodeposited under oscillatory conditions in the presence of plating additives was studied by means of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and focused ion beam analysis. When combined with bis‐(sodium‐sulfopropyl)‐disulfide (SPS), Imep levelers (polymerizates of imidazole and epichlorohydrin) show characteristic oscillations in the galvanostatic potential/time transient measurements. These are related to the periodic degradation and restoration of the active leveler ensemble at the interface. The leveler action relies on adduct formation between the Imep and MPS (mercaptopropane sulfonic acid)‐stabilized CuI complexes that appear as intermediates of the copper deposition when SPS is present in the electrolyte. SIMS depth profiling proves that additives are incorporated into the growing film preferentially under transient conditions during the structural breakdown of the leveler ensemble and its subsequent restoration. In contrast, Cu films electrodeposited in the presence of a structurally intact Imep–CuI–MPS ensemble remain largely contamination free.
Ligand Effects and Their Impact on Electrocatalytic Processes Exemplified with the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) on RuO2(110)
Authors: Exner Kai S. , Anton Josef , Jacob Timo , Over Herbert 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBy using the ab initio atomistic thermodynamics approach guided by a DFT‐derived volcano curve, we demonstrate that the thermodynamic part of the reaction barrier to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) over RuO2(110) can be significantly reduced when moderately lowering the free adsorption energy of oxygen to the catalytically active Ru center (Rucus). With the selective replacement of metal sites in the second coordination shell of Rucus, the free oxygen adsorption energy is reduced by about 0.8 and 1.0 eV for Cr and Ir, respectively. The weakening of Rucus and oxygen‐on‐top (RucusOot) bonding results in a substantial decrease in the thermodynamic part of the reaction barrier (Gibbs free‐energy loss) by 180 meV for Cr and 150 meV for Ir. The presented strategy is motivated by homogeneous metal catalysis where dedicated modifications of the ligands are able to tune the catalytic performance of the active metal center.
Half‐Sandwich Ruthenium(II) Biotin Conjugates as Biological Vectors to Cancer Cells
Authors: Babak Maria V. , Plażuk Damian , Meier Samuel M. , Arabshahi Homayon John , Reynisson Jóhannes , Rychlik Błażej , Błauż Andrzej , Szulc Katarzyna , Hanif Muhammad , Strobl Sebastian , Roller Alexander , Keppler Bernhard K. , Hartinger Christian G. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractRuthenium(II)–arene complexes with biotin‐containing ligands were prepared so that a novel drug delivery system based on tumor‐specific vitamin‐receptor mediated endocytosis could be developed. The complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods and their in vitro anticancer activity in cancer cell lines with various levels of major biotin receptor (COLO205, HCT116 and SW620 cells) was tested in comparison with the ligands. In all cases, coordination of ruthenium resulted in significantly enhanced cytotoxicity. The affinity of RuII–biotin complexes to avidin was investigated and was lower than that of unmodified biotin. Hill coefficients in the range 2.012–2.851 suggest strong positive cooperation between the complexes and avidin. To estimate the likelihood of binding to the biotin receptor/transporter, docking studies with avidin and streptavidin were conducted. These explain, to some extent, the in vitro anticancer activity results and support the conclusion that these novel half‐sandwich ruthenium(II)–biotin conjugates may act as biological vectors to cancer cells, although no clear relationship between the cellular Ru content, the cytotoxicity, and the presence of the biotin moiety was observed.
“Invisible” Conformers of an Antifungal Disulfide Protein Revealed by Constrained Cold and Heat Unfolding, CEST‐NMR Experiments, and Molecular Dynamics Calculations
Authors: Fizil Ádám , Gáspári Zoltán , Barna Terézia , Marx Florentine , Batta Gyula 
Published: February 2015

AbstractTransition between conformational states in proteins is being recognized as a possible key factor of function. In support of this, hidden dynamic NMR structures were detected in several cases up to populations of a few percent. Here, we show by two‐ and three‐state analysis of thermal unfolding, that the population of hidden states may weight 20–40 % at 298 K in a disulfide‐rich protein. In addition, sensitive 15N‐CEST NMR experiments identified a low populated (0.15 %) state that was in slow exchange with the folded PAF protein. Remarkably, other techniques failed to identify the rest of the NMR “dark matter”. Comparison of the temperature dependence of chemical shifts from experiments and molecular dynamics calculations suggests that hidden conformers of PAF differ in the loop and terminal regions and are most similar in the evolutionary conserved core. Our observations point to the existence of a complex conformational landscape with multiple conformational states in dynamic equilibrium, with diverse exchange rates presumably responsible for the completely hidden nature of a considerable fraction.