bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traversing the land‐sea interface: A climate change risk assessment of terrestrially breeding marine predators
Authors: Sojitra Milan , Corney Stuart , Hemer Mark , Hamilton Sheryl , McInnes Julie , Thalmann Sam , Lea Mary‐Anne 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTerrestrially breeding marine predators have experienced shifts in species distribution, prey availability, breeding phenology, and population dynamics due to climate change worldwide. These central‐place foragers are restricted within proximity of their breeding colonies during the breeding season, making them highly susceptible to any changes in both marine and terrestrial environments. While ecologists have developed risk assessments to evaluate climate risk in various contexts, these often overlook critical breeding biology data. To address this knowledge gap, we developed a trait‐based risk assessment framework, focusing on the breeding season and applying it to marine predators breeding in parts of Australian territory and Antarctica. Our objectives were to quantify climate change risk, identify specific threats, and establish an adaptable assessment framework. The assessment considered 25 criteria related to three risk components: vulnerability, exposure, and hazard, while accounting for uncertainty. We employed a scoring system that integrated a systematic literature review and expert elicitation for the hazard criteria. Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify key factors contributing to overall risk. We identified shy albatross (Thalassarche cauta), southern rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome), Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus), and Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea) with high climate urgency. Species breeding in lower latitudes, as well as certain eared seal, albatross, and penguin species, were particularly at risk. Hazard and exposure explained the most variation in relative risk, outweighing vulnerability. Key climate hazards affecting most species include extreme weather events, changes in habitat suitability, and prey availability. We emphasise the need for further research, focusing on at‐risk species, and filling knowledge gaps (less‐studied hazards, and/or species) to provide a more accurate and robust climate change risk assessment. Our findings offer valuable insights for conservation efforts, given that monitoring and implementing climate adaptation strategies for land‐dependent marine predators is more feasible during their breeding season.
WHAT ARE “TEMPORALITIES” IN HISTORY?
Authors: Hölscher Lucian 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe question of which “temporalities” underpinned historical processes in the past has increasingly become the focus of historical interest in recent years. In his brilliantly written study of Prussian history, Time and Power: Visions of History in German Politics, from the Thirty Years’ War to the Third Reich, Christopher Clark attempts to answer this question by turning to four Prussian statesmen and politicians who each followed different temporalities in their private and public lives. The benefit of his study lies not least in a better understanding of the concept of “temporality” and its significance for historical processes.
Cardioneuroablation can be an effective strategy to treat glossopharyngeal neuralgia‐related sinus bradycardia and pauses
Authors: Liu Nana , Prasad Rohan , Iyer Indiresha , Sheikh Shehryar , Turka Jashanjit , Dweik Loai , Bain Mark , Santangeli Pasquale , Chung Mina K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionCardioneuroablation (CNA) has proven effectiveness in addressing hypervagotonia symptoms, such as neurocardiogenic syncope.Methods and ResultsIn this case, we present the first‐time application of CNA in a case of vago‐glossopharyngeal neuralgia (VGPN). A 59‐year‐old female with near‐syncope, sinus bradycardia, and sinus pauses triggered by recurrent right‐sided neck pain was diagnosed with VGPN. The patient underwent successful treatment with carbamazepine and CNA. Subsequent follow‐up revealed the sustained absence of sinus bradycardia or pauses, even upon neck pain resurgence after discontinuing carbamazepine.ConclusionIn this patient, CNA successfully prevented pauses associated with VGPN, avoiding permanent pacemaker implantation.
Does neoadjuvant therapy contribute to increased risk in anastomotic leakage of esophageal cancer? A network meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou Da , Chen Donglai , Song Peidong , Hu Zihao , Xu Sukai , Zhu Rongying , Chen Yongbing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimConflicting results have been reported about the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on anastomotic leakage (AL) after esophagectomy. We aimed to unravel the potential effect of neoadjuvant therapy on AL after esophagectomy through a network meta‐analysis.MethodsA Bayesian network meta‐analysis was performed by retrieving relevant literature from PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science Core Collection. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and retrospective studies (RS) comparing the following treatment modalities were included: neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT), neoadjuvant radiotherapy (nR), neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT), and surgery alone (SA). Subgroup analyses by radiation dose, examined lymph nodes (ELN), route of reconstruction, site of anastomosis, and surgical approach were also conducted.ResultsA total of 62 studies with 12,746 patients were included for the present study, among which 17 were RCTs. There were no significantly statistical differences observed among the five treatment modalities in AL for both RCTs (nCRT‐nICT: risk ratio 1.51, 95% confidence interval 0.52–4.4; nCT‐nICT: 1.71, 0.56–5.08; nICT‐nR: 0.79, 0.12–8.02; nICT‐SA: 0.59, 0.2–1.84) and RS (nCRT‐nICT: odds ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 0.84–2.84; nCT‐nICT: 1.56, 0.87–2.88; nICT‐SA: 0.6, 0.31–1.12; nICT‐nR: 1.08, 0.09–36.02). Subgroup analysis revealed that no significant difference in AL was observed among the five treatment modalities except for the impact of nCRT versus nCT (0.21, 0.05–0.73) on AL with a radiation dose ≥41.4 Gy.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant therapy do not significantly increase the incidence of AL after esophagectomy. Administration of irradiation with a moderate dose is not associated with elevated risk in AL. Clinicians can be less apprehensive about prescribing nCRT.
The role of nurses' adherence to clinical safety guidelines in linking nurse practice environment to missed nursing care
Authors: Labrague Leodoro J. , Al Sabei Sulaiman , AbuAlRub Raeda , Burney Ikram , Al Rawajfah Omar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionWhile the nurse practice environment's vital role in shaping patient care outcomes is well established, the precise mechanisms through which it influences missed nursing care remain unexplored. Hence, this study examined the mediating role of adherence to clinical safety guidelines in the relationship between the nurse practice environment and missed nursing care.MethodsThis descriptive, cross‐sectional study involved 1237 nurses from 11 governorates in the Sultanate of Oman. Data were collected using three standardized scales: the Patient Safety Adherence Scale, the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index, and the Missed Nursing Care Scale.ResultsA favorable nurse practice environment was associated with higher adherence to clinical safety guidelines (β = 2.492,p < 0.001) and a lower frequency of missed nursing care (β = −0.2919,p = 0.015). Adherence to clinical safety guidelines partially mediated the relationship between the nurse practice environment and missed nursing care (β = −0.055,p < 0.001).ConclusionEnhancing the nurse practice environment plays a crucial role in improving nurses' adherence to clinical safety guidelines, which in turn reduces compromised nursing care.Clinical RelevanceHealthcare administrators and policymakers should prioritize improving working conditions to enhance nurses' adherence to clinical safety guidelines, thereby minimizing the occurrence of missed care and improving overall patient outcomes.
Metformin Radiosensitizing Effect on Hypoxic Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells by GAPDH and TAGLN2
Authors: Santos Eloá Mangabeira , Farias Lucyana Conceição , Guimarães Talita Antunes , Santos Eliane Macedo Sobrinho , de Jesus Sabrina Ferreira , de Souza Marcela Gonçalves , de Souza Pericles Crisostomo , Santiago Luiza , D'Angelo Marcos Flávio Silveira Vasconcelos , De‐Paula Alfredo Maurício Batista , Santos Sérgio Henrique Sousa , Guimarães André Luiz Sena 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTumor hypoxia is associated with a poorer prognosis in cancer patients and can diminish the efficacy of radiation therapy (RT). This study investigates the potential of metformin to enhance radiosensitivity in hypoxic cancer cells.MethodsPreliminary experiments were conducted to validate the impact of hypoxia on radiation response. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, cell migration, and cell death were assessed in hypoxic, radiated cells treated with metformin. Proteomic and ontological analyses were employed to identify molecular targets associated with the radiosensitizing effect of metformin. Proteomic and ontological findings were validated through patient samples and in vitro studies.ResultsMetformin amplified cell death, induced DNA fragmentation, decreased cell migration, and elevated ROS levels in hypoxic, radiated cells. Proteomic analyses revealed that GAPDH and TAGLN2 were identified as pivotal targets linked to the radiosensitizing effect of metformin. Oral cancer patients exhibited elevated levels of TAGLN2 and reduced levels of GAPDH. Metformin downregulated TAGLN2 and upregulated GAPDH in hypoxic, radiated cells. Additionally, metformin reduced levels of mutated p53.ConclusionsThis study suggests that metformin can enhance radiosensitivity in hypoxic cells, operating through modulation of GAPDH and TAGLN2. Furthermore, metformin effectively reduces mutated p53 levels in radiated cells under hypoxic conditions.
A qualitative study of end‐stage liver disease and liver transplant referral practices among primary care providers in nonurban America
Authors: Madabhushi Vashisht V. , Wright Matthew , Orozco Gabriel , Murphy Allison , Garcia Antonio R. , Pope Natalie , Mei Xiaonan , Cocca Alexandra , Gedaly Roberto , Gupta Meera 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeIn rural America, the road to obtaining a liver transplant (LTX) often starts at the primary care provider's (PCP's) office. Patients with end‐stage liver disease (ESLD) in rural communities experience lower rates of wait‐listing and higher mortality. This study identifies issues related to the knowledge and perceptions of ESLD and LTX referral among PCPs in rural Kentucky (KY).MethodsThe study protocol involved relying upon a semistructured outline to explore the knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of PCPs toward ESLD and LTX referral among PCPs in rural KY. Inductive thematic analysis was utilized to identify, analyze, and report themes.FindingsFrom the focus group interviews, three themes were identified: medical culture, gaps in knowledge, and bias against those with self‐induced causes of ESLD. Each theme illuminated barriers to referral for transplant evaluation.ConclusionsKnowledge gaps, attitudes in medical culture, and biases surrounding ESLD and LTX referral exist in community medicine practice. This highlights the importance of education, resources, and facilitation of LTX referral processes for PCPs.
Transcriptional cascades during fasting amplify gluconeogenesis and instigate a secondary wave of ketogenic gene transcription
Authors: Goldberg Dana , Buchshtab Nufar , Charni‐Natan Meital , Goldstein Ido 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsDuring fasting, bodily homeostasis is maintained due to hepatic production of glucose (gluconeogenesis) and ketone bodies (ketogenesis). The main hormones governing hepatic fuel production are glucagon and glucocorticoids that initiate transcriptional programs aimed at supporting gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis.MethodsUsing primary mouse hepatocytes as an ex vivo model, we employed transcriptomic analysis (RNA‐seq), genome‐wide profiling of enhancer dynamics (ChIP‐seq), perturbation experiments (inhibitors, shRNA), hepatic glucose production measurements and computational analyses.ResultsWe found that in addition to the known metabolic genes transcriptionally induced by glucagon and glucocorticoids, these hormones induce a set of genes encoding transcription factors (TFs) thereby initiating transcriptional cascades. Upon activation by glucocorticoids, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) induced the genes encoding two TFs: CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha (PPARα). We found that the GR‐C/EBPβ cascade mainly serves as a secondary amplifier of primary hormone‐induced gene programs. C/EBPβ augmented gluconeogenic gene expression and hepatic glucose production. Conversely, the GR‐PPARα cascade initiated a secondary transcriptional wave of genes supporting ketogenesis. The cascade led to synergistic induction of ketogenic genes which is dependent on protein synthesis. Genome‐wide analysis of enhancer dynamics revealed numerous enhancers activated by the GR‐PPARα cascade. These enhancers were proximal to ketogenic genes, enriched for the PPARα response element and showed increased PPARα binding.ConclusionThis study reveals abundant transcriptional cascades occurring during fasting. These cascades serve two separated purposes: the amplification of the gluconeogenic transcriptional program and the induction of a gene program aimed at enhancing ketogenesis.
The central and peripheral corneal response to short‐term hypoxia
Authors: Iqbal Asif , Fisher Damien , Alonso‐Caneiro David , Collins Michael J. , Vincent Stephen J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo quantify the magnitude and recovery of central and limbal corneal oedema induced by short‐term unilateral eyelid closure without contact lens wear.MethodsThe left eye of 10 adults with healthy corneas was patched using a folded eye pad for 30 min. High‐resolution optical coherence tomography images (which captured the limbal and central corneal regions simultaneously) were obtained before patching, immediately after eye opening and again at 1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 10, 14 and 15 mins after eyelid opening. Oedema was measured from the limbus (scleral spur) to the central cornea (thinnest corneal location) along the horizontal meridian.ResultsA greater amount of limbal oedema was noted (mean [SD] 3.84 [1.79] %) compared to the central cornea (2.48 [0.61] %; p = 0.04) after 30 mins of unilateral eyelid closure. Both central and limbal corneal oedema recovered rapidly following eyelid opening, with no significant differences in the rate of corneal recovery between corneal locations (p = 0.90).ConclusionsShort‐term unilateral eyelid closure resulted in ~55% more relative oedema in the limbal region compared to the central cornea. Rapid recovery of oedema and corneal overshoot (thinning beyond the baseline corneal thickness) was observed within 1–2 min of eyelid opening for both central and peripheral regions.
Optimizing Outcomes in Distal Tibial Deformity Correction: The Role of Supramalleolar Osteotomy with Computer‐assisted Hexapod External Fixator
Authors: Yang Xiaosong , Du Hui , Yin Xinghua , Gong Xiaofeng , Wang Yan , Li Ying , Sun Ning , Lai Liangpeng , Li Wenjing , Li Heng , Li Xing , He Xiaotian , Wu Yong 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveDistal tibial deformities can significantly impact patients if left uncorrected, often leading to pain, alterations in gait, and the eventual development of post‐traumatic arthritis. The criteria for surgical correction in these patients continues to be a subject of debate, while supramalleolar osteotomy (SMO) is an effective method for correcting distal tibial deformities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical results of SMO using internal fixation or using computer‐assisted hexapod external fixator in the treatment of distal tibial deformity.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 290 patients who underwent SMO between June 2015 and January 2023. Forty‐four patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among the participants, 19 underwent SMO combined with a computer‐assisted hexapod external fixator, while 25 received SMO with plate and screw internal fixation. The tibial anterior surface (TAS) angle, tibial lateral surface (TLS) angle, the tibiotalar (TT) angle and the talocrural (TC) angle were assessed on weight‐bearing X‐ray films. Functional assessments were performed according to the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle‐hindfoot score.ResultsThe study followed patients for an average duration of 31.7 ± 15.3 months, with a range from 12 to 67 months. Successful bone union was achieved in all cases. For patients treated with the computer‐assisted hexapod external fixator, significant improvements were observed: the mean deviation in sagittal plane deformity parameters decreased from 14.3 ± 10.4 degrees preoperatively to 2.8 ± 3.8 degrees postoperatively (p < 0.05). Similarly, coronal plane deformity parameters showed a reduction from 25.9 ± 22.5 degrees preoperatively to 5.9 ± 11.0 degrees postoperatively (p < 0.05). The AOFAS ankle‐hindfoot score improved markedly from 66.0 ± 14.9 to 86.1 ± 11.7 points (p < 0.05). For patients undergoing internal fixation, the absolute difference in coronal plane parameters improved from 15.4 ± 12.6 degrees preoperatively to 3.7 ± 3.4 degrees postoperatively (p < 0.05). A significant enhancement in AOFAS ankle‐hindfoot score was also noted, increasing from 68.3 ± 14.3 points to 79.4 ± 13.5 points (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in gender, side, follow‐up time, postoperative deviation of deformity, pre‐ or postoperative AOFAS between the two groups.ConclusionIn conclusion, comprehensive preoperative planning of SMO combined with either internal fixation or a hexapod external fixator for treating distal tibial deformities can achieve satisfactory outcomes. The utilization of a computer‐assisted hexapod external fixator facilitates a gradual and precise correction process, which proved to be an effective and relatively safe method.
Helix breakage during left bundle pacing area implantation
Authors: Santoro Amato , Taddeucci Simone 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA left bundle pacing stimulation pacemaker was implanted using stylet driver lead. The screw incarceration occurred after positioning of the lead. The screw rupture occurred during lead retraction; the distal portion of the screw remained incarcerated at the interventricular septum.
Pepino mosaic virus: Recombination, spatiotemporal divergence and codon usage
Authors: He Mei , He Cheng‐Qiang , Ding Nai‐Zheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPepino mosaic virus (PepMV, species Potexvirus pepini) is a potexvirus of economic significance. The pathogen has become a serious threat to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) worldwide. To gain more insights into the molecular epidemiology and evolution of PepMV, recombination analysis was carried out. Nine chimeric sequences were identified, including one probably involving host‐to‐virus gene flow. Based on the coat protein (CP) gene, PepMV isolates were classified into six genotypes and the phylogeography was reconstructed. Bayesian coalescent analysis applied to the dated genomic sequences suggested that PepMV started to expand in the early 17th century and evolved at a moderate rate. Ancestral state reconstruction supported the South American origin of PepMV. Codon usage bias analysis showed that PepMV genes had influences in addition to compositional constraints. In codon usage, PepMV is fairly similar to S. lycopersicum. Moreover, PepMV recapitulates the host's remarkable suppression of CpG and UpA dinucleotides.
Unconfined gravity current interactions with orthogonal topography: Implications for combined‐flow processes and the depositional record
Authors: Keavney Ed , Peakall Jeff , Wang Ru , Hodgson David M. , Kane Ian A. , Keevil Gareth M. , Brown Helena C. , Clare Michael A. , Hughes Mia J. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTTurbidity current behaviour is affected by interactions with seafloor topography. Changes in flow dynamics will depend on the orientation and gradient of the topography, and the magnitude and rheology of the incoming flow. A better understanding of how unconfined turbidity currents interact with topography will improve interpretations of the stratigraphic record, and is addressed herein using three‐dimensional flume tank experiments with unconfined saline density currents that enter a horizontal basin before interacting with a ramp orientated perpendicular to flow direction. The incoming flow parameters remained constant, whilst the slope angle was independently varied. On a 20° slope, superelevation of the flow and flow stripping of the upper, dilute region of the flow occurred high on the slope surface. This resulted in a strongly divergent flow and the generation of complex multidirectional flows (i.e. combined flows). The superelevation and extent of flow stripping decreased as the slope angle increased. At 30° and 40°, flow reflection and deflection, respectively, are the dominant flow process at the base of slope, with the reflected or deflected flow interacting with the parental flow, and generating combined flows. Thus, complicated patterns of flow direction and behaviour are documented even on encountering simple, planar topographies orientated perpendicular to flow direction. Combined flows in deep‐water settings have been linked to the interaction of turbidity currents with topography and the formation of internal waves with a dominant oscillatory flow component. Here, combined flow occurs in the absence of an oscillatory component. A new process model for the formation and distribution of hummock‐like bedforms in deep‐marine systems is introduced. This bedform model is coupled to a new understanding of the mechanics of onlap styles (draping versus abrupt pinchout) to produce a spatial model of gravity‐current interaction, and deposition, on slopes to support palaeogeographical reconstructions.