bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of two different prostaglandin preparations on human corneal epithelial cells (HCE‐2) in in vitro conditions
Authors: SMEDOWSKI A , SEPPäNEN A , KAARNIRANTA K , WYLEGALA E 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To investigate impact of two antiglaucoma prostaglandin preparations on human corneal epithelial cells in in vitro conditions.Methods Human corneal epithelial cells (HCE‐2), cultured in standard conditions, were treated with two commercially available preparations of prostaglandins: latanoprost and tafluprost. Treatment was applied in two time points – parallel with cells plating (day 0) or after 48 hours from plating (day 2). Medium containing drugs with % concentration of 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10 was changed every second day. As negative control standard medium was used, as positive – medium containing 3% methanol. After 48 hours of culture, living culture was stained with erythrosine to visualize dead cells. After fixation, immunostaining for Ki67 antigen and ubiquitin (proteasomal marker) was performed.Results In latanoprost group “day 0”, concentrations <1% affected cells attaching and proliferation rate, >1% made cells totally unable to attach. In tafluprost group “day 0”, concentrations <3% have shown no visible effect on cells, for concentrations >3%, fluctuations in cell shape appeared. In group “day 2” latanoprost treatment caused massive cells detachment for concentrations >1%. For lower concentration induced decrease of cells proliferation. Tafluprost treatment in this group showed no visible changes comparing with negative control, except 10% concentration, where induced mild cells detachment. In both groups treatment decreased expression of Ki67 and increased cellular ubiquitin (much more expressed in latanoprost group).Conclusion Latanoprost preparation revealed to be more harmful considering proliferation, proteolysis and toxicity for HCE‐2 cells in comparison to tafluprost.
Aquaporin expression in pterygium
Authors: VIEL A , MOTULSKY E , PERRET J , GREGOIRE F , CASPERS L , DE SAINT AUBAIN N , DELPORTE C , WILLERMAIN F 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Pterygium is an ocular surface disease associated with epithelial and fibrovascular outgrowth from the conjonctiva onto the cornea. Aquaporins are transmembrane water channels proteins implicated in cell migration and proliferation. This works aimed at analyzing the expression of AQP1, AQP3 and AQP5 in pterygia samples, compared to normal conjunctiva tissue.Methods Twenty five surgically removed pterygia were used for this study. Normal conjunctiva was obtained from7 human cadaveric donors. The expression of AQP1, AQP3 and AQP5 was measured by real‐time quantitative PCR (qRT‐PCR). The cellular distribution of those AQPs was assessed by immunohistochemistry.Results The expression of AQP1, AQP3 and AQP5 mRNAs was detected by qRT‐PCR in pterygia. In normal conjunctiva and pterygia, AQP1 was expressed on endothelial cells, myofibroblasts (but not on fibroblasts) and some inflammatory cells. AQP3 and AQP5 were expressed on epithelial cells and inflammatory cells. AQP5 was also expressed on fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. In pterygia, the epithelial expression of AQP3 and AQP5 was decreased at the leading edge of the lesion as compared to normal conjunctiva. AQP1 was strongly expressed in myofibroblasts in fibrotic lesions of pterygia.Conclusion AQP1, AQP3 and AQP5 are expressed in pterygia. Variation of AQP3/AQP5 epithelial expression and the strong induction of AQP1 expression in myofibroblasts suggest that those AQPs might be implicated in the pathogenesis of pterygium.
Simulation of DSAEK in a new corneal bioreactor
Authors: TRONE MC , GAUTHIER AS , CAMPOLMI N , NAIGEON N , NANGOUM‐FOSSO T , PATAIA G , FOREST F , PEOC’H M , DUMOLLARD JM , ACQUART S , THURET G , GAIN P 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Penetrating keratoplasty or endothelial graft remain the only available treatments for several advanced corneal diseases. However there is an important mismatch between global needs and offer. Tissue bioengineering is booming and emerging as a promising solution to the current shortage of organs. Our laboratory is working on a large project of corneal bioengineering and has developed and patented a corneal bioreactor (BR) that allows restoration of transcorneal pressure gradient and continuous fluid circulation while allowing right through observation of the cornea with the main instruments available in ophthalmology. This BR will be next available for experimental works and for eye banking. Aim: to establish the proof of concept of integration and bio‐functional evaluation of endothelial graft in the BRMethods We performed a surgical simulation of DSAEK in our new corneal BR. Conventional Descemet stripping was performed and the denuded area covered with the endothelial lamella before placing the cornea into the BR. An air bubble was let in place for 2 hours and the pressure set at 30 mmHg and the returned to 20 mmHg. Slit lamp examination, OCT with pachymetry and a study of transparency were made every 2 hoursResults Initial pachymetry was 1530μm. After 24 hours, the corneal transparency improved and central corneal thickness dropped to 836μm. No liquid interface between the endothelial lamella and the cornea was visible in OCTConclusion By reproducing physiological conditions, the BR allows simulation of a DSAEK. It represents an interesting tool for corneal bioengineering. Grant: ABM 2012, EFS 2012, ANSM 2012
Outcome of phacoemulsification after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK)
Authors: YEH R , MUSA F , CABRERIZO J , QUILENDRINO R , DAPENA I , HAM L , MELLES GJ 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the incidence of secondary cataract after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), and the feasibility and outcome of phacoemulsification cataract surgery after DMEK.Methods From a series of 106 consecutive phakic eyes that underwent DMEK for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy or bullous keratopathy, five (4.7%) required cataract surgery 9.2 (± 3.8) months (range 4 to 14 months) after the initial DMEK. Outcomes after phacoemulsification were retrospectively assessed by reviewing the change in visual acuity, refractive error, endothelial cell density, pachymetry and the incidence of complications.Results All phacoemulsification surgeries were uneventful and no dislocations and/or detachments of the Descemet graft were observed. At 6 to 12 months after phacoemulsification, all eyes reached a BCVA of ≥20/30 (0.6) and were within 0.5D of the intraocular lens power calculations. Endothelial cell density decreased from on average 1535 (± 195) cells/mm2 before, to 1158 (± 250) cells/mm2. No significant changes in pachymetry values were observed up to 6 to 12 months postoperatively. All corneas remained clear throughout the study period.Conclusion Phacoemulsification after DMEK can be performed with minimal risk of graft dislocation and may provide good refractive and visual outcomes with an acceptable decrease in endothelial cell density.
New Image Plugin for rapid and reproducible measurement of viable corneal endothelial cell density
Authors: BERNARD A , CAMPOLMI N , HE Z , PATAIA G , GAUTHIER AS , TRONE MC , NAGOUM‐FOSSO T , PISELLI S , ACQUART S , GAIN P , THURET G 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose We previously described a laboratory test based on a triple Hoescht‐Ethidium‐CalceineAM labeling coupled with image analysis in order to determine the viability and mortality of endothelial cells on whole corneas (HEC‐triple labeling, Pipparelli IOVS 2011). We then defined the new notion of viable endothelial cell density (vECD). Nevertheless the process comprised a manual linear thresholding liable to induce inter and intra‐observer variability. Aim: to present a new ImageJ Plugin with improved image thresholding allowing rapid and reproducible vECD determinationMethods The endothelium of 10 human corneas unsuitable for graft was stained with HEC and its whole area observed with either a fluorescent microscope (IX81, Olympus), with motorized stage or a fluorescent macroscope (MVX10, Olympus). TIFF images acquired for H, E and C were imported in image J. Our new homemade plugin comprised contrast improvement, regional selection of pixels with similar gray levels, simplified thresholding of areas facilitated by a user‐friendly dysplay of images, possibility of manual touch up to increase accuracy. Repeated measurements of vECD were done by 5 observers to determine inter and intra rater variability, and compared to basic image thresholdingResults Inter and intra rater agreement was high. Compared to the basic thresholding, standard deviation of measurements was reduced by 66% (P=0.002, non parametric Wilcoxon ranked test)Conclusion We made this new rapid and reproducible free image analysis tool available for the community to help standardize research works needing robust EC viability measurements
Corneal graft imaging by anterior segment OCT during storage in eye banks
Authors: PATAIA G , GAUTHIER AS , CAMPOLMI N , TRONE MC , HE Z , PISELLI S , FOREST F , ACQUART S , LEPINE T , GAIN P , THURET G 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Endothelial graft pre‐cutting by eye banks, rather than by surgeons in the operating room, is ongoing worldwide. A reliable and rapid thickness measurement before, during and after cut is an important parameter to guide the cut and assess the final result. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can perfectly provide these data but commercial anterior segment‐OCT are not fully adapted for the assessment of ex vivo corneas, especially organ‐cultured ones that are not usually stored in viewing chambers contrary to 4°C stored corneas. Aim: we developed a simple device to adapt AS‐OCT designed for patients to image corneas placed in petri dishesMethods The device was developed for two AS‐OCT (Heidelberg AS‐slit lamp OCT and Tomey CASIA SS1000) and comprised only 3 pieces: 1/a mirror, held at 45 degrees, facing downwards, 2/the holder destined to receive the petri dish 3/the adaptor which was a plane that attaches the holder to the OCT head support. The petri dish containing the cornea was placed underneath the holder. The device was calibrated by comparing the measurements to those obtained holding the cornea vertical in front of the OCT in a ‘physiologic’ dispositionResults After calibration, thickness measurements using the device had a very good agreement (±10 µm) with measurements obtained withoutConclusion This device allows to easily adapt AS‐OCT designed for medical use to the routine of eye banks using organ‐cultured corneas that are not stored in specific containers. Grant: ANSM 2012, EFS 2011
Long‐term outcomes of penetrating keratoplasty in children
Authors: DOBROWOLSKI D , WYLEGALA E , WROBLEWSKA‐CZAJKA E , WOWRA B 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Outcomes of pediatric penetrating keratoplasties (PK) performed for various corneal anomalies in children.Methods Since 2000 56 PKs in children (6 months to 16 years) were performed. In infants group there were: 17 Peters Anomaly cases (24 eyes including 3 bilateral cases, 4 reoperations), 3 cases of sclerocornea. In older children surgeries were performed for 18 leucomas and 11 posttraumatic lesions. Follow up was at least 12 months. VA and graft transparency were analyzed.Results 59,2% of infant’s eyes had transparent corneas, VA ranged from 0.01 to 0.2. 19.2% of transplanted corneas were cloudy with blured vision. Other grafts were failed including one phthisis. In older children success rate with transparent cornea was achieved in 82,7% of cases. Mean VA was 0.3±0.12. Main complications were: immune rejection (11 eyes), stromal vascularisation (5 cases).Conclusion Keratoplasty is an effective procedure to safe vision in children.
Uveitis and lyme disease: About two case reports
Authors: NGUYEN KIM P , TOUITOU V , LEHOANG P , BODAGHI B 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Lyme disease (LD) is a spirochete anthropozoonosis transmitted by tick bite. The ocular manifestations are diverse although rare. Uveitis is one of the most frequent.Methods Two patients 46 and 52 years, referred for unlabeled and steroid dependent uveitis were studied. The first had two previous episodes of uveitis straight herpes diagnosed in early 2011. The second was treated with oral corticosteroids for chronic bilateral panuveitis evolving since February 2010, with a first anterior uveitis in 1989 (unavailable negative test). Laboratory tests with viral serology Quantiferon, IDR, syphilis serology and FAN have been made.Results The first patient had a visual acuity preserved, bilateral vitritis and a right anterior uveitis with pigmented keratic precipitates. The fundus and OCT were normal, angiography showed a left papillary hyperfluorescence. The autoimmune hypothesis had been raised with centromere antibody positive before having a positive IgM ELISA Lyme serology confirmed by a Western Blot (WB). The second patient had bilateral visual loss, right ocular hypertension associated with diffuse bilateral anterior synechiae on a plot of uncontrolled glaucoma . There was a serous retinal detachment in right fundus. The B‐scan ultrasonography showed bilateral posterior scleritis. She was treated with solumedrol before the positive IgG ELISA and WB. No tick bite was mentioned, but walks in the forest were found.Conclusion The diagnosis of Lyme disease must be suspected in the face of recurrent uveitis even without a tick bite. Specific serology may be positive if completed, allowing antimicrobial therapy.
Clinical characteristics of acute retinal pigment epitheliitis: Case series
Authors: HAN J , YANG J 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To describe characteristics of acute retinal pigment epitheliitis by analyzing 16 cases.Methods Retrospective chart review of patient diagnosed with acute retinal pigment epitheliitis was done. Medical records, fundus photo, optical coherence tomographic(OCT) findings and fluorescein angiographic(FAG) findings were reviewed.Results The average age at diagnosis was 39.6 year‐old, with male to female ratio of 2:1. Acute metamorphopsia or central scotoma with slight decreased vision were chief complaints, and the symptoms resolved spontaneously after 60.1 days. Funduscopic finding revealed macular mottling with surrounding yellow hypopigmented areas, with subsensory retinal detachment in some cases. Disruption of the photoreceptors’ inner segment and outer segment interface with hyperreflection at retinal pigment epithelial(RPE) level were found in OCT. On FAG, window defect was seen. Retinal pigment epithelial changes remained after resolution of symptoms in all cases.Conclusion Acute retinal pigment epithelitiis is an infrequent macular disorder in young adults with symptoms of metamophopsia or central scotoma and signs of RPE change with window defect on FAG. Differential diagnosis is important beause of the good prognosis without treatment.
Hyperreflective dots detected in the retina using spectral domain optical coherence tomography
Authors: KUOLIENE K , STECH S , CIMBALAS A , ASOKLIS R 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose to investigate morphologic changes in posterior segment diseases using spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT). To discuss the role and characteristics of hyperreflective dots (HRD) in retinal inflammatory diseases and choroidal neovascularization (CNV).Methods 3 patients (3 eyes) with posterior segment diseases (Lyme disease, Cat scratch disease, and suspected Best vitelliform macular dystrophy with CNV) were retrospectively reviewed. Thorough ophthalmologic examination and SD‐OCT were performed during the first visit and follow‐up. HRD behavior was evaluated in the retina with SD‐OCT pre‐ and post‐treatment.Results in all three eyes, various amounts of HRD were detected in the foveal or parafoveal area and, in one case, near the optic disc prior to the treatment. Hyperreflective dots accumulated densely, especially surrounding the area of fluid accumulation. During follow‐up, progressive resolution of the hyperreflective dots was observed with SD‐OCT. HRD reduction was observed mainly in cases of complete macular edema resolution and correlated greatly with visual acuity (VA) improvement.Conclusion HRD seen with SD‐OCT in retinal inflammatory diseases behave similarly as in wet age‐related macular degeneration and diabetic maculopathy. The association between VA improvement and a decrease in the amounts of HRD could be used as a helpful treatment indicator in both inflammatory posterior segment diseases and choroidal neovascularization.
Cataractogenesis and surgical outcome in patients with uveitis
Authors: REMOND A , LE HOANG P , BODAGHI B 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose To compare the risk of cataract development, the surgical management and the prevalence of complications in 2 groups of patients with uveitis treated in 2000 and 2010.Methods Retrospective study of patients with uveitis referred to an academic centre for the diagnosis and treatment of uveitis. An extensive work‐up based on clinical presentation was performed when necessary. Corticosteroids were the mainstay of therapy in 2000 but new immunosuppressive molecules and biologics were used in 2010. Two groups were analyzed based on the year of cataract surgery (group A:2000 and group B:2010). Demographic factors, delay between onset of uveitis and cataract surgery, improvement of visual acuity and major complications were studied. Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation were performed in all cases respecting a 3‐month quiescence of uveitis and an efficient perioperative anti‐inflammatory regimen.Results The study included 125 eyes of 107 patients. 59 eyes (48 patients: F/M: 1.29) were operated in 2000 (group A) and 66 (59 patients: F/M: 1.5) in 2010 (group B). An associated condition was determined in 81 cases (75.5 %): mainly herpetic uveitis (9), sarcoidosis (7), tuberculosis (10), birdshot chorioretinopathy (7), Behcet's disease (8), spondyloarthropathy (10), Vogt‐Koyanagi‐Harada disease (5), Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (8). Delay between onset of uveitis and surgery was 58.86 months in group A and 111.68 months in group B (p<0.01). Mean BCVA postoperatively improved from logMAR 0.927 and 0.731 to 0.439 and 0,242 in groups A and B, respectively.Conclusion During a 10‐year period, management of uveitis has dramatically improved. Better management of ocular inflammation based on biologic agents may delay cataractogenesis in active patients.
The effects of actomyosin inhibitors on cytoskeletal distributions in the lens
Authors: WON G , CHOH V 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Previous work indicates that inhibitors of actin, myosin, and myosin light chain kinase are associated with a softening of the lens. The softening of lenses did not affect the optical quality, despite the application of inhibitors that, based on Western blot analysis, affect the cytoskeleton of lens fibre cells. Inhibitors can impart their effects biochemically or structurally, therefore, in the present study, the cytoskeletal distribution of inhibitor‐treated lenses was examined using confocal microscopy.Methods Lenses of 7‐day‐old White Leghorn chickens were treated (15 mins) with 10 µM of either a vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide) or an inhibitor (1‐(5‐iodonaphthalene‐1‐sulfonyl)‐1H‐hexahydro‐1,4‐diazepine hydrochloride [ML‐7], a myosin light chain kinase inhibitor; 1‐phenyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐4‐hydroxypyrrolo[2.3‐b]‐7‐methylquinolin‐4‐one [blebbistatin], a myosin II inhibitor; latrunculin, an actin inhibitor). After treatment, lenses were incubated in antibodies against the appropriate cytoskeletal proteins, and mounted onto slides in toto for examination under confocal microscopy. Images taken from the confocal microscope were analyzed using nearest neighbour analysis for irregularity.Results Myosin distributions were highly regular, with a nearest neighbour value (Rn) of 2.02. Blebbistatin treatment resulted in a less regular arrangement (Rn=1.65), approaching a random distribution. Actin distributions in the latrunculin‐treated lenses were disorganized, showing irregular spatial distributions between vertices (Rn=1.53) compared to those in vehicle treated lenses (Rn=1.91).Conclusion Inhibitors were shown to affect the distributions of actin and myosin, which indicates that these inhibitors impart their effects by altering cytoskeletal ultrastructure.
Absence of beta‐amyloid in cortical cataracts of donors with and without Alzheimer's disease
Authors: ROSANDIC J , MONTENEGRO G , BARRQUER RI , VRENSEN G , MICHAEL R 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Eye lenses from human donors with and without Alzheimer's disease (AD) were studied to evaluate the presence of amyloid in cortical cataract.Methods We obtained 39 lenses from 21 postmortem donors with AD and 15 lenses from age‐matched controls. For 17 donors, AD was clinically diagnosed by general physicians and for 4 donors the AD diagnosis was neuropathologically confirmed. As controls, 7 donors with pronounced cortical opacities and 8 donors with almost transparent lenses were selected. All lenses were photographed in a dark field stereomicroscope. Histological sections were analyzed using a standard and a more sensitive Congo red protocol, thioflavin staining and beta‐amyloid immunohistochemistry.Results Of the 21 donors with AD, 6 had pronounced bilateral cortical lens opacities and 15 only minor or no cortical opacities. Thioflavin, standard and modified Congo red staining were positive in the control brain tissues and in the dystrophic cornea. Beta‐amyloid immunohistochemistry was positive in the brain tissues but not in the cornea sample. Lenses from control and AD donors were, without exception, negative after Congo red, thioflavin, and beta‐amyloid immunohistochemical staining.Conclusion The absence of staining in AD and control lenses with the techniques employed lead us to conclude that there is no beta‐amyloid in lenses from donors with AD or in control cortical cataracts.
Absence of amyloid beta in human lens opacities: A confocal Raman study
Authors: MICHAEL R , OTTO C , GELPI E , MONTENEGRO G , ROSANDIC J , BARRAQUER RI , VRENSEN G 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPurpose Amyloid beta, the main protein component of Alzheimer (AD) plaques and tangles, is characterized by high levels of beta‐sheets. Raman microspectroscopy allows quantitative analysis of this specific molecular conformation. We compared the beta‐sheet levels in lens opacities and in plaques and tangles in the hippocampus of AD patients.Methods We obtained 14 lenses from 7 post‐mortem donors , neuropathologically confirmed as having advanced or moderate AD. From 3 of these donors, we also obtained hippocampus tissue. Protein and lipid conformations were analysed in the 500‐1800 cm‐1 fingerprint region. The ratio of the beta‐sheet peak at 1668 cm‐1 and the protein peak at 1450 cm‐1 is a quantitative measure for the beta‐sheet content. Additionally, histological sections were stained using a standard Congo red protocol and amyloid beta immunohistochemistry.Results The 1668cm‐1/1450cm‐1 ratio, quantitatively reflecting the beta‐sheet content, is 1.28 for clear and cataractous regions in the lens.For the plaques and tangles in the hippocampus the ratio is 1.62 and 1.23 for non‐affected regions. When corrected for the presence of lipids in plaques and tangles this ratio is 2.64. Congo red and amyloid beta immunohistochemistry is positive for AD plaques and tangles but is negative for all lenses studied.Conclusion In contrast with a previous study (Goldstein et al. 2003) we conclude that proteins in opaque regions of lenses and in hippocampal plaques and tangles are fully different species. Moreover opacification is not accompanied by changes in the beta‐sheet configuration of lens proteins. This means that cortical cataract cannot be considered as an indicator and predictor of AD.