bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An exploratory microdialysis study investigating the effect of repeated application of a diclofenac epolamine medicated plaster on prostaglandin concentrations in skeletal muscle after standardized physical exercise
Authors: Burian Angela , Frangione Valeria , Rovati Stefano , Mautone Giuseppe , Leuratti Chiara , Vaccani Angelo , Crevenna Richard , Keilani Mohammad , Burian Bernhard , Brunner Martin , Zeitlinger Markus 
Published: April 2013

AimMuscle injuries and extensive exercise are associated with cyclo‐oxygenase dependent formation of inflammatory prostaglandins. Since the effect of topical administration of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on local cyclo‐oxygenase is unknown, the present exploratory, open label, non‐randomized study set out to measure exercise induced release of prostaglandins before and after epicutaneous administration of diclofenac.MethodsMicrodialysis was used to determine the local interstitial concentration of PGE2 and 8‐iso‐PGF2α as well as diclofenac concentrations in the vastus lateralis under rest, dynamic exercise and during recovery in 12 healthy subjects at baseline and after a treatment phase applying a total of seven plasters medicated with 180 mg of diclofenac epolamine over 4 days.ResultsAt baseline PGE2 concentrations were 1169 ± 780 pg ml−1 at rest and 1287 ± 459 pg ml−1 during dynamic exercise and increased to 2005 ± 1126 pg ml−1 during recovery. After treatment average PGE2 concentrations were 997 ± 588 pg ml−1 at rest and 1339 ± 892 pg ml−1 during exercise. In contrast with the baseline phase no increase in PGE2 concentrations was recorded during the recovery period after treatment (PGE2 1134 ± 874 pg ml−1). 8‐iso‐PGF2α was neither affected by exercise nor by treatment with diclofenac. Local and systemic concentrations of diclofenac were highly variable but comparable with previous clinical pharmacokinetic studies.ConclusionsWe can hypothesize an effect of topical diclofenac epolamine plaster on limiting the increase of local concentrations of the pro‐inflammatory prostaglandin PGE2 induced in the muscle of healthy human subjects following standardized physical exercise. No effect of diclofenac treatment on 8‐iso‐PGF2α concentrations was observed, mainly since isoprostane is produced by a free radical‐catalyzed lipid peroxidation mechanism independent of cyclo‐oxygenases.
The importance of family functioning, mental health and social and emotional well‐being on child oral health
Authors: Renzaho A. M. N. , de Silva‐Sanigorski A. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the strength of associations between child oral health and aspects of the home environment (child behaviour, parental psychological distress and family functioning) in a large sample of 1‐ to 12‐year‐old Australian children.MethodsThe current study used data from the 2006 Victorian Child Health and Wellbeing Study. Data were obtained on 4590 primary carers. Measures of the family environment included the level of family functioning, parental psychological distress, child's emotion and behavioural problems and the family structure.ResultsThe odds of children having good oral health status were lower with increasing parental psychological distress and poor family functioning across all age groups, and lower with increasing child mental health or conduct problems among children aged 4 years or older. Socioeconomic factors were also related to child oral health status, but this was significant only among children aged 4–7 years, with the odds of children having good oral health status 68% higher in households with a yearly income ≥AUD$ 60 000 compared with households with income <$20 000 (P < 0.05).ConclusionIn order to address inequities in the experience of poor oral health, solutions that encompass social, economic and psychosocial dimensions will be required. Integrating intervention strategies that promote oral, healthy family functioning and the mental health of parents and children into existing systems reaching vulnerable community members may improve child oral health outcomes and reduce the unequal distribution of oral disease across the social gradient.
A qualitative study exploring the psychosocial value of weekend camping experiences for children and adolescents with complex heart defects
Authors: Desai P. P. , Sutton L. J. , Staley M. D. , Hannon D. W. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundChildren living with complex heart defects (CHD) are likely to have ongoing social, emotional, physical, and health concerns, and are in need of additional psychosocial support. Summer camps can provide therapeutic benefits. Little research exists regarding the value of shorter camping experiences from the perspectives of children with CHD. The aim of our study was to explore what children and adolescents with CHD considered meaningful when attending a therapeutic camping weekend in the company of peers with similar medical diagnoses.MethodsEngaging a phenomenological approach we used participant generated photography and reflective semi‐structured interviews to explore participants' lived experience and value derived from their weekend camping experiences. The study was completed with thirteen participants ranging in age from 9 to 16 years. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using Van Manen's guidelines.ResultsThree themes reflecting the camp experiences were generated from the data. Meaningful experiences spanned three outcomes which had some overlapping influences: (i) Developing relationships and feeling accepted by peers and counsellors at camp; (ii) Enjoying and learning during the weekend; and (iii) Experiencing the natural and human‐built therapeutic environmental features of camp. The camping programme features, inputs, and processes as identified by the participants in contributing to these outcomes are described.ConclusionThis qualitative study showed that children living with complex CHD valued the opportunity for participating in weekend camping experiences in the company of peers with similar heart defects. Findings contribute to a better understanding of what programme features and processes were considered meaningful. Given the scarcity of resources to devote to such social support activities, the findings may help professionals to plan effective interventions to maximize benefits during a shorter camping experience.
Another Way Family Can Get in the Head and Under the Skin: The Neurobiology of Helping the Family
Authors: Fuligni Andrew J. , Telzer Eva H. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractFamilies can be both challenging and meaningful. Advances in technology have allowed us to gain insight into the impact of family stress on biological and neurological development, but these tools also can be used to understand more deeply the social and cultural meaning of family experiences in the developing child. In this article, we describe a program of research examining the psychological, immunological, and neural correlates of children helping their families. Although difficult at times, such help can provide a sense of belonging and role fulfillment that may shape the neurobiology of the developing child.
Environmental‐Scale Map Use in Middle Childhood: Links to Spatial Skills, Strategies, and Gender
Authors: Liben Lynn S. , Myers Lauren J. , Christensen Adam E. , Bower Corinne A. 
Published: April 2013

Researchers have shown that young children solve mapping tasks in small spaces, but have rarely tested children's performance in large, unfamiliar environments. In the current research, children (9–10 years; N = 40) explored an unfamiliar campus and marked flags' locations on a map. As hypothesized, better performance was predicted by higher spatial‐test scores, greater spontaneous use of map–space coordinating strategies, and participant sex (favoring boys). Data supported some but not all hypotheses about the roles of specific spatial skills for mapping performance. Data patterns were similar on a computer mapping task that displayed environmental‐scale videos of walks through a park. Patterns of children's mapping errors suggested both idiosyncratic and common mapping strategies that should be addressed in future research and educational interventions.
Developmental Changes in Executive Functioning
Authors: Lee Kerry , Bull Rebecca , Ho Ringo M. H. 
Published: April 2013

Although early studies of executive functioning in children supported Miyake et al.'s (2000) three‐factor model, more recent findings supported a variety of undifferentiated or two‐factor structures. Using a cohort‐sequential design, this study examined whether there were age‐related differences in the structure of executive functioning among 6‐ to 15‐year‐olds (N = 688). Children were tested annually on tasks designed to measure updating and working memory, inhibition, and switch efficiency. There was substantial task‐based variation in developmental patterns on the various tasks. Confirmatory factor analyses and tests for longitudinal factorial invariance showed that data from the 5‐ to 13‐year‐olds conformed to a two‐factor structure. For the 15‐year‐olds, a well‐separated three‐factor structure was found.
Maintaining a Social‐Emotional Intervention and Its Benefits for Institutionalized Children
Authors: McCall Robert B. , Groark Christina J. , Fish Larry , Muhamedrahimov Rifkat J. , Palmov Oleg I. , Nikiforova Natalia V. 
Published: April 2013

This article reports the maintenance of one of the largest interventions conducted in St. Petersburg (Russian Federation) orphanages for children birth to 4 years using regular caregiving staff. One orphanage received training plus structural changes, another training only, and a third business as usual. The intervention produced substantial differences between these institutions on the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) Inventory and on the Battelle Developmental Inventory scores for children. These institutional differences in HOME scores (N = 298) and Battelle scores for children (N = 357) departing the institutions for families in St. Petersburg and the United States were maintained for at least 6 years after the intervention project. This result may be associated with certain features of the intervention and activities conducted during the follow‐up interval.
Hyperprolactinaemia associated with increased thyroid volume and autoimmune thyroiditis in patients with prolactinoma
Authors: Sayki Arslan Muyesser , Sahin Mustafa , Topaloglu Oya , Tutal Esra , Karakose Melia , Gungunes Askin , Cakal Erman , Ozbek Mustafa , Delibasi Tuncay 
Published: April 2013

SummaryObjectiveThe aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of hyperprolactinaemia on thyroid function, volume and nodularity in patients with prolactinoma.ContextHyperprolactinaemia has been associated with various autoimmune diseases; however, the data on the correlation between the level of prolactin (PRL) and thyroid disorders have not been adequately clarified.DesignCase–control study.PatientsForty‐eight subjects with new diagnosis of hyperprolactinaemia (group 1) and 39 subjects undergoing treatment for prolactinoma (group 2) were recruited from our outpatient clinic. Fifty‐two healthy subjects were included as a control group (group 3).MeasurementsThe serum PRL, thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (free T4), thyroidal microsome (anti‐TPO) and antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) levels were evaluated, and ultrasonographic thyroid volume was calculated.ResultsThe frequencies of positive anti‐TPO and TgAb were significantly higher in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3 (P = 0·008). Also, the percentage of patients with thyroid heterogeneity were significantly higher in groups 1 and 2 than in group 3 (P < 0·05). The percentage of patients with thyroid nodules were higher in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3 (p1–2 = 0·03, p1–3 = 0·05 and p2–3 = 0·637). The mean thyroid volume was significantly higher in group 1 (P = 0·001), and a positive correlation was found between thyroid volume and the level of PRL (r = 0·616; P = 0·0001). Prolactin had a significant effect on the total volume according to stepwise multiple linear regression analysis (adjusted R2 is 0·268; P < 0·0001).ConclusionsPatients with hyperprolactinaemia have significantly increased thyroid volume, thyroid autoimmunity and nodule prevalence.
Testing new susceptibility genes in the cohort of apparently sporadic phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma patients with clinical characteristics of hereditary syndromes
Authors: Pęczkowska Mariola , Kowalska Aldona , Sygut Jacek , Waligórski Dariusz , Malinoc Angelica , Janaszek‐Sitkowska Hanna , Prejbisz Aleksander , Januszewicz Andrzej , Neumann Hartmut P. H. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundPhaeochromocytoma (PCC) and paraganglioma (PGL) can occur sporadically or as a part of familial cancer syndromes. Red flags of hereditary syndromes are young age and multifocal tumours. We hypothesized that such patients are candidates for further molecular diagnosis in case of normal results in ‘classical’ genes.Material and methodsWe selected patients with PCC/PGL under the age of 40 and/or with multiple tumours. First, we tested the genes RET, VHL, NF1, SDHB, SDHC and SDHD. Patients without mutations in these genes were tested for mutations in MAX, TMEM127 and SDHAF2.ResultsIn 153 patients included, mutations were detected in the classical genes in 72 patients (47%) [RET‐22 (14%), VHL‐13 (9%), NF1‐3 (2%), SDHB‐13 (9%), SDHC‐3 (2%), SDHD‐16 (11%), SDHB large deletions– 2 (1%)]. One patient with MAXc.223C>T (p.R75X) mutation was detected. It was a male with bilateral, metachronous phaeochromocytomas diagnosed in 36 and 40 years of age. Remarkably, he showed in the period before the MAX gene was detected, a RET p. Y791F variant. During 10‐year follow‐up, we did not find any thyroid abnormalities. LOH examination of tumour tissue showed somatic loss of the wild‐type allele of MAX.ConclusionAnalysis of the MAX gene should be performed in selected patients, especially those with bilateral adrenal phaeochromocytoma in whom mutations of the classical genes are absent. Our study provides with further support that Y791F RET is a polymorphism.
Modification of xenogenic bone substitute materials – effects on the early healing cascade in vitro
Authors: Kämmerer Peer W. , Schiegnitz Eik , Alshihri Abdulmonem , Draenert Florian G. , Wagner Wilfried 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIntroductionInitial platelet activation with subsequent cytokine release at the defect site plays a crucial role in tissue integration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of topographic and biomimetic collagen modifications of a xenogenic bone substitute material (BSM) on in vitro platelet activation and cytokine release.Material and MethodsThree types of xenogenic BSM were used. Two BSM with different levels of granularity (large granule BSM [XBSM/L], small granule BSM [XBSM/S]) and a BSM with collagen (XBSM/C). All three samples were incubated with platelet concentrate of four healthy volunteers at room temperature for 15 min. For all groups, highly thrombogenic collagen type 1 served as a reference and an additional preparation with platelet concentrate only (without XBSM) served as control. Platelet count and cytokine release of VEGF, PDGF, TGF‐β, and IGF into the supernatant were measured.ResultsCompared with the control group, XBSM/C showed an increase in platelets consumption (mean 41,000 ± 26,000/ml vs. 471,000 ± 38,000/ml), cytokine release of VEGF (mean 46.8 ± 7.2 pg/ml vs. 18.8 ± 2.7 pg/ml), and PDGF (mean 18,350 ± 795 pg/ml vs. 2726 ± 410 pg/ml) but not IGF (194,728 ± 51,608 pg/ml vs. 1,333,911 ± 35,314 pg/ml). There was also an increase in cytokine release of TGF‐ß in XBSM/C compared with XBSM/S (77,188 ± 27,413 pg/ml vs. 38,648 ± 13,191 pg/ml), but no such difference when compared with XBSM/L (77,188 ± 27,413 pg/ml vs. 53,309 ± 29,430 pg/ml). XBSM/L showed higher platelets consumption (301,000 ± 45,000 vs. 415,000 ± 98,000) and a higher cytokine release of PDGF (3511 ± 247 pg/ml vs. 3165 ± 78 pg/ml) compared with XBSM/S. There was no distinct difference in the levels of VEGF, TGF‐ß, and IGF between XBSM/L and XBSM/S.ConclusionsTopographic as well as biomimetic modifications of the xenogenic BSM showed an increased platelet activation and cytokine release in vitro. This effect on the intrinsic healing cascade could result in comparable enhanced soft‐ and hard‐tissue regeneration in vivo.
Covered self‐expandable metal stent deployment promises safe neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic head cancer
Authors: Kubota Kensuke , Sato Takamitsu , Watanabe Seitaro , Hosono Kunihiro , Kobayashi Noritoshi , Mori Ryutaro , Taniguchi Koichi , Matsuyama Ryusei , Endo Itaru , Nakajima Atsushi 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundPatients with borderline resectable pancreatic head cancer (BRPHC) have been treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NACRT) using metallic stents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and complications of covered self‐expanding metallic stents (CSEMS) during the NACRT and surgical period.Patients and MethodsWe reviewed the outcomes of patients with BRPHC, then divided them chronologically into three groups as follows. Group A: upfront surgery with plastic stent (PS) deployment; group B: PS deployment plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and/or NACRT; group C: CSEMS deployment plus NAC/NACRT. Patients were categorized as borderline resectable based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines, 2010. Days to reintervention (DR), reintervention rate, and the rate of R0 and complications were studied. Safe margin‐negative resection (R0) surgery was defined as R0 surgery without reintervention during the NACRT period and no postoperative complications.ResultsDR were as follows. Groups A, B and C were 32, 55 and 97 days, respectively (P < 0.05). R0 surgery obtained in groups A, B and C was 53% (9/17), 100% (17/17) and 93% (14/15), respectively. CSEMS did not interfere with surgery. Safe R0 surgery obtained in groups B and C was 11% (2/19) and 67% (10/15), respectively (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the odds ratio for safe R0 surgery was 16.210 (95% CI 2.457–106.962, P = 0.003) for CSEMS placement.ConclusionCSEMS should be considered to relieve symptomatic biliary obstruction in patients with BRPHC receiving NACRT in view of the high attainability rate of safe R0 surgery compared to that with PS deployment.
Use of transnasal endoscopy for screening of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in high‐risk patients: Yield rate, completion rate, and safety
Authors: Wang Chih‐Hsien , Lee Yi‐Chia , Wang Cheng‐Ping , Chen Chien‐Chuan , Ko Jenq‐Yuh , Han Ming‐Lun , Chen Tseng‐Cheng , Lou Pei‐Jen , Yang Tsung‐Lin , Hsiao Tzu‐Yu , Wu Ming‐Shiang , Wang Hsiu‐Po , Tseng Ping‐Huei 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundPatients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma are at high risk for synchronous and/or metachronous esophageal cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of unsedated transnasal endoscopy (TNE) for screening these high‐risk patients.Patients and MethodsConsecutive high‐risk patients including patients with suspicious or diagnosed head and neck cancer or patients with alarming symptoms received screening TNE. All endoscopic procedures, including sequential conventional white‐light, narrow‐band imaging, and Lugol chromoendoscopy, were done without sedation. All suspicious lesions in the esophagus were biopsied for histological evaluation. The completion rate, procedure time, and significant adverse events of all endoscopic procedures were recorded and analyzed.ResultsFrom May 2007 to August 2011, a total of 500 TNE were carried out in 441 high‐risk patients. Among them, 294 patients (66.7%) had diagnosed head and neck squamous cellcarcinoma, and most were hypopharyngeal cancer (n = 186). Esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and high‐grade intraepithelial neoplasms were detected in 10.1% and 7.3%, respectively, of the cases. Completion rate of TNE in head and neck cancer was 96.7%; tumor obstruction and stenosis of anastomosis site were the main reasons for incomplete procedures. Mean duration of the endoscopic procedure was 14.6 min. One patient had post‐endoscopic epistaxis while another patient had post‐biopsy hemoptysis, both of whom were treated conservatively. No procedure‐related mortality or significant morbidity occurred.ConclusionUnsedated TNE is safe and feasible for screening synchronous or metachronous esophageal neoplasms in high‐risk patients, especially those with head and neck cancer.
Polysaccharide hemostatic system for hemostasis management in colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection
Authors: Huang Rui , Pan Yanglin , Hui Na , Guo Xuegang , Zhang Linhui , Wang Xiangping , Zhang Rongchun , Luo Hui , Zhou Xiong , Tao Qin , Liu Zhiguo , Wu Kaichun 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundA new polysaccharide hemostatic system (EndoClotTM) was recently developed for bleeding control in gastrointestinal tract endoscopy; however, its efficacy and safety is not yet well established in colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). The aim of the present study was to observe the bleeding control effect after EMR in the colorectum.Patients and MethodsEndoClotTM was applied immediately to mucosal defects after resection whether or not there was post‐resection bleeding. Bleeding was monitored post‐procedurally by clinical findings including positive stool occult blood test and by second‐look endoscopy. Hemostasis, rebleeding rates and treatment‐related complications were observed.ResultsIn total, 82 patients were enrolled, totaling 181 lesions. Among them, 20 lesions in 18 cases showed bleeding immediately after the procedure. Among them, two lesions were treated by combined hot biopsy forceps, and complete hemostasis was achieved in all cases without surgery. It took 1.1 min (0.4–2.1) tocarry out hemostasis treatment. Rebleeding with positive stool test and colonoscopy recurred in three of 18 patients with immediate post‐procedural bleeding. In patients without immediate post‐procedural bleeding, three patients were confirmed with delayed bleeding. No major adverse events of treatment or procedure‐related serious adverse events were reported during a 30‐day follow up. Colonoscopy was done in selected patients at 30 days and full recovery of mucosal defect was achieved in all cases.ConclusionPolysaccharide hemostatic system effectively achieves hemostasis in controlling and preventing EMR‐related bleeding with the advantage of simple application; thus it might be a useful alternative in treating bleeding endoscopically.