bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic evaluations in bipolar disorder: a systematic review and critical appraisal
Authors: Abdul Pari Anees Ahmed , Simon Judit , Wolstenholme Jane , Geddes John R , Goodwin Guy M 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundBipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic illness and is one of the worldwide leading causes of disability. It is often a lifelong illness and incurs a substantial economic burden on the health care system, the patients, and society as a whole. However, there are few studies evaluating the economic impact of alternative strategies in the management of BD.ObjectivesWe reviewed and critically appraised the available published economic evidence on BD management. In addition, we explored advantages and disadvantages of different methods used in the economic evaluation of the management of BD.MethodsA systematic literature search was undertaken using seven electronic databases to identify all English language articles published between January 1980 and March 2012 that provided data on complete economic evaluations for any treatment strategy for BD. The quality of included studies was appraised according to recommendations from the Cochrane Collaboration.ResultsA total of 7,284 citations were obtained. After initial screening, 20 eligible studies were identified, five of which were trial‐based, and 15 of which were model‐based economic evaluations. Given the variability in methods and the quality of the identified studies, no conclusive recommendation for the most cost‐effective therapy for BD could be provided.ConclusionsThe cost‐effectiveness of different treatment strategies varied between settings, and transferability of these results across settings remains questionable. Although additional research using a longer time horizon is required to validate the findings for trial‐based economic evaluations, discrete event simulation appears to be the most natural and plausible technique for modeling the cost‐effectiveness of alternative BD treatment strategies.
Eavesdropping on heterospecific alarm calls: from mechanisms to consequences
Authors: Magrath Robert D. , Haff Tonya M. , Fallow Pamela M. , Radford Andrew N. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTAnimals often gather information from other species by eavesdropping on signals intended for others. We review the extent, benefits, mechanisms, and ecological and evolutionary consequences of eavesdropping on other species' alarm calls. Eavesdropping has been shown experimentally in about 70 vertebrate species, and can entail closely or distantly related species. The benefits of eavesdropping include prompting immediate anti‐predator responses, indirect enhancement of foraging or changed habitat use, and learning about predators. Eavesdropping on heterospecifics can provide more eyes looking for danger, complementary information to that from conspecifics, and potentially information at reduced cost. The response to heterospecific calls can be unlearned or learned. Unlearned responses occur when heterospecific calls have acoustic features similar to that used to recognize conspecific calls, or acoustic properties such as harsh sounds that prompt attention and may allow recognition or facilitate learning. Learning to recognize heterospecific alarm calls is probably essential to allow recognition of the diversity of alarm calls, but the evidence is largely indirect. The value of eavesdropping on different species is affected by problems of signal interception and the relevance of heterospecific alarm calls to the listener. These constraints on eavesdropping will affect how information flows among species and thus affect community function. Some species are ‘keystone’ information producers, while others largely seek information, and these differences probably affect the formation and function of mixed‐species groups. Eavesdroppers might also integrate alarm calls from multiple species to extract relevant and reliable information. Eavesdropping appears to set the stage for the evolution of interspecific deception and communication, and potentially affects communication within species. Overall, we now know that eavesdropping on heterospecific alarm calls is an important source of information for many species across the globe, and there are ample opportunities for research on mechanisms, fitness consequences and implications for community function and signalling evolution.
Review: Assessment, development, and treatment of childhood perfectionism: a systematic review
Authors: Morris Lottie , Lomax Claire 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundIn the adult literature, perfectionism has been linked with psychopathology and poor treatment outcomes, leading to perfectionism‐focussed therapies. The child and adolescent perfectionism literature is comparatively sparse.MethodA systematic search of five electronic databases (Web of Knowledge, APA PsycNET, PubMed, ERIC/ProQuest, and Scopus) was conducted to identify studies of perfectionism in children and adolescents, in the context of psychopathology.ResultsThe search identified 133 studies, 84 of which discussed perfectionism as a correlate of mental health problems. These studies were briefly synthesised, with the systematic review focussing on evaluating papers on the development (n = 23), assessment (n = 19), and treatment (n = 7) of perfectionism.ConclusionTreatment studies did not reflect the phenomenology of perfectionism found in this review.
Dental trauma: prevalence and risk factors in schoolchildren
Authors: Goettems Marília Leão , Torriani Dione Dias , Hallal Pedro Curi , Correa Marcos Britto , Demarco Flávio Fernando 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectivesThis cross‐sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of traumatic injury to the permanent incisors in 8‐ to 12‐year‐old children and to test associations between dental trauma and nutritional status and physical activity level, with adjustment for demographic, behavioral, and psychosocial variables. Differences in risk factors between sexes were also assessed.MethodsTwo‐stage cluster sampling was used to select 1210 children in 20 public and private schools in Pelotas, Brazil, for study participation. Dental trauma was assessed using the O'Brien criteria. Parents provided information about socioeconomic characteristics and their children's history of trauma in early childhood via questionnaire. Children were interviewed to obtain demographic and psychosocial information and to assess physical activity level. Anthropometric measures were collected for body mass index calculation. Hierarchical Poisson regression was used for data analyses.ResultsThe prevalence of dental trauma was 12.6% [95% confidence interval (CI), 10.8–14.7%] in the entire sample; it increased with age from 7.2% at 8 years to 21.5% at 12 years. In the adjusted analysis, dental trauma was more prevalent in boys [prevalence ratio (PR) = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.50–0.99], older children (PR = 3.57; 95% CI, 1.73–7.34), those with inadequate lip coverage (PR = 2.03; 95% CI, 1.22–3.38), and those with histories of trauma in the primary dentition (PR = 2.60; 95% CI, 1.80–3.75). In a sex‐stratified analysis, dental trauma was more prevalent in overweight/obese boys (PR = 1.65; 95% CI, 1.10–2.92). No significant association was found with socioeconomic variables, psychosocial characteristics, physical activity level, or school retention among boys or girls.ConclusionsThe pronounced increase in the prevalence of dental trauma with age highlights the need to establish preventive strategies among schoolchildren. The risk of dental injury was increased in overweight/obese boys and children with histories of dental trauma in early childhood, confirming the existence of accident‐prone children.
Quad Layout Embedding via Aligned Parameterization
Authors: Campen M. , Kobbelt L. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractQuad layouting, i.e. the partitioning of a surface into a coarse network of quadrilateral patches, is a fundamental step in application scenarios ranging from animation and simulation to reverse engineering and meshing. This process involves determining the layout's combinatorial structure as well as its geometric embedding in the surface. We present a novel quad layout algorithm that focuses on the embedding optimization, thereby complementing recent methods focusing on the structure optimization aspect. It takes as input a description of the target layout structure and computes a complete embedding in form of a parameterization globally optimized for isometry and, in particular, principal direction alignment. Besides being suited for fully automatic workflows, our method can also incorporate user constraints and support the tedious but common procedure of manual layouting.
Juggling with Proximity and Distance: Collaborative Innovation Projects in the Danish Cleantech Industry
Authors: Hansen Teis 
Published: June 2014

AbstractStudies increasingly apply a multidimensional proximity framework in the analysis of collaborations between actors. This article explores the influence of collaboration motives on the desired proximity characteristics of partnerships in innovation projects based on 50 interviews with representatives from Danish cleantech firms. How search criteria along proximity dimensions differ depends on the purposes of the collaborations. In this way, the analysis distinguishes between the types of collaboration, where geographical proximity is considered highly important and those where geographically distant partners are preferred. Geographical proximity plays an important role in partnerships motivated by interaction around actual product development and knowledge creation, while long‐distance relationships appear to be important for partnerships motivated by market access and cost considerations. The insight that the desired proximity characteristics of partnerships are indeed contingent on the motive for collaborating highlights how the proximity framework can be applied in the analysis of firm decision making.
Pocket Echocardiography System for Detection of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Neonates
Authors: Torrazza Roberto Murgas , Chandran Arun , Co‐Vu Jennifer , DeGroff Curt 
Published: June 2014

BackgroundNeonates are commonly referred for a cardiology consult and an echocardiogram to rule out patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).ObjectivesEvaluate the usefulness of current pocket echocardiography system (PES) in PDA detection compared to traditional full‐featured echo system (FFES).HypothesisThe determination of the presence of a PDA in neonates can be done using PES.MethodsFifty newborns with orders for echo evaluation were included in this study. A 5‐minute PES scan was performed first. Then a full echo study was performed on a traditional FFES. Images were evaluated by three pediatric cardiologists blinded to the patients and the FFES results.ResultsThe overall accuracy of reviewers rating PES versus FFES to rule in PDA had low false‐positive rates 9.5% (95% CI: 1.2–30%), 11.8% (95% CI: 1.5–36%), 11.1% (95% CI: 1.4–35%) and the false‐negative rate to rule out PDA was 0% (95% CI: 0–18%), 5.5% (95% CI: 0.14–27%), 0% (95% CI: 0–26%) for each reviewer 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Upon further analysis, PES scan was shown not to be accurate on infants with body weight below 1000 g with encouraging results for infants above 1000 g and those >37 weeks gestational age.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the current PES could potentially be used in larger and near‐term infants but has less than acceptable performance in low birth weight and premature infants in determining who should undergo a FFES study for persistent PDA diagnosis. Improvements in the technology along with developing limited training protocols for noncardiology personnel should make it possible for PES scan to be used as a screening tool and as an extension of physical examination especially in limited resource settings.
Is Diversity Necessary for Educational Justice?
Authors: New William S. , Merry Michael S. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractIn this article William New and Michael Merry challenge the notion that diversity serves as a good proxy for educational justice. First, they maintain that the story about how diversity might be accomplished and what it might do for students and society is internally inconsistent. Second, they argue that a disproportionate share of the benefits that might result from greater diversity often accrues to those already advantaged. Finally, they propose that many of the most promising and pragmatic remedies for educational injustice are often rejected by liberal proponents of “diversity first” in favor of remedies that in most cases are practically impossible, and often problematic on their own terms. New and Merry argue that schools that are by geography and demography not ethnically or socioeconomically diverse still can successfully confront the obstacles that their students face in creating a life they have reason to value.
Guiding deployment of resistance in cereals using evolutionary principles
Authors: Burdon Jeremy J. , Barrett Luke G. , Rebetzke Greg , Thrall Peter H. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractGenetically controlled resistance provides plant breeders with an efficient means of controlling plant disease, but this approach has been constrained by practical difficulties associated with combining many resistance genes together and strong evolutionary responses from pathogen populations leading to subsequent resistance breakdown. However, continuing advances in molecular marker technologies are revolutionizing the ability to rapidly and reliably manipulate resistances of all types – major gene, adult plant and quantitative resistance loci singly or multiply into individual host lines. Here, we argue that these advances provide major opportunities to deliberately design deployment strategies in cereals that can take advantage of the evolutionary pressures faced by target pathogens. Different combinations of genes deployed either within single host individuals or between different individuals within or among crops, can be used to reduce the size of pathogen populations and generate patterns of disruptive selection. This will simultaneously limit immediate epidemic development and reduce the probability of subsequent evolutionary change in the pathogen for broader infectivity or increased aggressiveness. The same general principles are relevant to the control of noncereal diseases, but the most efficacious controls will vary reflecting the range of genetic options available and their fit with specific ecology and life‐history combinations.
Suspected acorn toxicity in nine horses
Authors: Smith S. , Naylor R. J. , Knowles E. J. , Mair T. S. , Cahalan S. D. , Fews D. , Dunkel B. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryReasons for performing studyAcorn toxicity has been anecdotally reported to cause fatal colitis and colic in horses but reports in the scientific literature are sparse.ObjectivesThis study reports the diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and outcome of 9 cases with suspected acorn toxicity admitted to 2 referral hospitals.Study designRetrospective case series.MethodsCase records from 2004 to 2013 were reviewed. Horses were included in the study if they met 3 of 4 criteria: exposure to acorns; clinical and laboratory data suggesting alimentary or renal dysfunction; acorn husks in the faeces or gastrointestinal tract; and necropsy and histopathological findings consistent with acorn toxicity. Data collected included case history, clinical presentation, clinicopathological data, ultrasonographic findings, case progression, and necropsy and histopathological findings.ResultsNine horses met the inclusion criteria. Five cases presenting with haemorrhagic diarrhoea deteriorated rapidly and were subjected to euthanasia or died. Four cases showed signs of colic with gas distension, displacement of the large colon and diarrhoea. Three of these (33%) survived with medical management, the fourth was subjected to euthanasia. Post mortem examination of 6 cases demonstrated submucosal oedema of the large intestine and caecum (n = 6), acute tubular nephrosis (n = 6), diffuse necrohaemorrhagic and ulcerative typhlocolitis and enteritis (n = 4), and small intestinal oedema (n = 3).ConclusionsAcorn ingestion may be associated with typhylocolitis leading to diarrhoea, colic and acute renal tubular nephrosis. Recovery is possible in mildly affected cases; more severe cases show hypovolaemia, intractable pain, renal dysfunction and cardiovascular failure, and often succumb to the disease process. Disease is only seen in a small proportion of the population exposed to acorns and there seems to be an increased occurrence in certain years. Further investigation into factors predisposing to disease is required, but limiting exposure to acorns in the autumn seems prudent.
N‐feruloylserotonin in preventive combination therapy with methotrexate reduced inflammation in adjuvant arthritis
Authors: Kuncirova Viera , Ponist Silvester , Mihalova Danica , Drafi Frantisek , Nosal Radomir , Acquaviva Alessandra , Gardi Concetta , Harmatha Juraj , Hradkova Iveta , Bauerova Katarina 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMany of disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs often have side effects at high doses and/or during long‐term administration. Increased efficacy without increased toxicity is expected for combination therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of the study was to examine the effect of N‐feruloylserotonin (N‐f‐5HT) and methotrexate (MTX) in monotherapy and in combination therapy on disease progression and inflammation in arthritic rats. Adjuvant arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of Mycobacterium butyricum in incomplete Freund′s adjuvant in Lewis rats. The experiment included healthy animals, arthritic animals without any drug administration, arthritic animals with administration of N‐f‐5HT in the oral daily dose of 15 mg/kg b.w., arthritic animals with administration of MTX in the oral dose of 0.3 mg/kg b.w. twice a week and arthritic animals treated with the combination of N‐f‐5HT and MTX. N‐f‐5HT in monotherapy reduced only activation of NF‐κB and did not have any significant effect on other parameters monitored. Low‐dose treatment of MTX decreased the level of IL‐1β and MCP‐1 on day 14 and activation of NF‐κB in liver without significant effect on other parameters. N‐f‐5HT and MTX combination showed both the anti‐arthritic (hind paw volume and arthritic score) and anti‐inflammatory effect (plasmatic levels of IL‐1β, IL‐17, MCP‐1, CRP, and activation of NF‐κB in liver). In combination with MTX, N‐f‐5HT markedly potentiated the therapeutic effect of MTX low dose, which resulted in significant improvement of all parameters measured. The findings showed that the combination therapy simultaneously decreased multiple markers of inflammation, a result crucial for future therapy of RA.
Assessment of Managed Aquifer Recharge Site Suitability Using a GIS and Modeling
Authors: Russo Tess A. , Fisher Andrew T. , Lockwood Brian S. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe completed a two‐step regional analysis of a coastal groundwater basin to (1) assess regional suitability for managed aquifer recharge (MAR), and (2) quantify the relative impact of MAR activities on groundwater levels and sea water intrusion. The first step comprised an analysis of surface and subsurface hydrologic properties and conditions, using a geographic information system (GIS). Surface and subsurface data coverages were compiled, georeferenced, reclassified, and integrated (including novel approaches for combining related datasets) to derive a spatial distribution of MAR suitability values. In the second step, results from the GIS analysis were used with a regional groundwater model to assess the hydrologic impact of potential MAR placement and operating scenarios. For the region evaluated in this study, the Pajaro Valley Groundwater Basin, California, GIS results suggest that about 7% (15 km2) of the basin may be highly suitable for MAR. Modeling suggests that simulated MAR projects placed near the coast help to reduce sea water intrusion more rapidly, but these projects also result in increased groundwater flows to the ocean. In contrast, projects placed farther inland result in more long‐term reduction in sea water intrusion and less groundwater flowing to the ocean. This work shows how combined GIS analysis and modeling can assist with regional water supply planning, including evaluation of options for enhancing groundwater resources.
Challenges Facing Young Men Returning from Incarceration in Hong Kong
Authors: Chui Wing Hong , Cheng Kevin Kwok‐Yin 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWhile prisoner re‐entry has garnered increasing interest in Western scholarship, scarce attention has been paid to the situation in Hong Kong, despite it possessing one of the higher imprisonment rates in Asia, and its reliance on custodial sentences to rehabilitate young offenders. Drawing upon the experiences of a sample of formerly‐incarcerated young males, this article informs on how young ex‐prisoners receive little familial/social support, and how finding legitimate employment is difficult for returning ex‐prisoners in Hong Kong. Young ex‐prisoners perceive themselves to be facing the challenges of re‐entry alone. Implications and recommendations for government and social services are discussed.
Alumina Heat Insulator Through Composite Poring Mechanisms
Authors: Wu Haibo , Huang Zhengren , Wang Gang , Li Hongxia , Jiang Dongliang 
Published: June 2014

Crack‐free alumina heat insulators with large sizes were successfully prepared through composite poring mechanisms. In the sintered bodies, there existed 1–2 mm big pores due to solid template and 60–200 μm small pores due to direct foaming, and porosities (84.9–90.4%) were accurately tailored by varying the amounts of added polymer balls and foaming agent. Thanks to the excellent mechanical and thermal properties including compressive strengths of 2.3–5.2 MPa, thermal conductivity as low as 0.23 W/mK, and 50‐h creep strain of only 0.102% at 1200°C, they are potentially used as eco‐friendly substitutions for ceramic‐fiber insulators.
Associations between polymorphisms of HLA‐B gene and postmenopausal osteoporosis in Chinese Han population
Authors: Li S.‐m. , Zhou D.‐x. , Liu M.‐Y. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryOsteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease, which is more prevalent in postmenopausal women. Osteoporosis likely develops beginning with genetic risk. This study explored the relationships between polymorphisms of HLA‐B gene and postmenopausal osteoporosis in a Chinese Han population. Polymerase chain reaction sequence‐based typing (PCR‐SBT) method was used for DNA typing at HLA‐B locus in 70 patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and 73 healthy controls in female Han population of Shaanxi Province, situated in north‐western China. We found that 40 HLA‐B alleles in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients and control subjects, respectively. Furthermore, the frequency of HLA‐B* 3501 allele was significantly higher in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients than in the control group (P = 0.033), and the relative risk was 7.632 (95% CI: 0.927–62.850). Our results suggest that HLA‐B* 3501 was likely an important risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis. As different populations have different HLA polymorphisms, further investigation of the relationship of various HLA genes and osteoporosis with larger sample size is still necessary in the future.