bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FGF-2 Stimulates the Growth of Tenogenic Progenitor Cells to Facilitate the Generation of Tenomodulin-Positive Tenocytes in a Rat Rotator Cuff Healing Model
Authors: Tokunaga Takuya , Shukunami Chisa , Okamoto Nobukazu , Taniwaki Takuya , Oka Kiyoshi , Sakamoto Hidetoshi , Ide Junji , Mizuta Hiroshi , Hiraki Yuji 
Published: August 2015

Background: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)–2 has the potential to enhance tendon-to-bone healing after rotator cuff (RC) injury. Hypothesis: FGF-2 stimulates tenogenic differentiation of progenitors to improve the biomechanical strength and histological appearance of repaired RCs in rats. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 156) underwent unilateral surgery to repair the supraspinatus tendon to insertion sites. The FGF-2-treated group (gelatin hydrogel containing 5 μg of FGF-2) and a control group (gelatin hydrogel only) were compared to investigate the effects of FGF-2 at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Biomechanical testing was performed at 6 and 12 weeks. Semiquantitative histological analysis and immunohistochemical analysis for the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were performed, and the expression of tendon-related markers, including Scleraxis ( Scx) and Tenomodulin ( Tnmd), was monitored by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization. SRY-box containing gene 9 ( Sox9) expression was monitored by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis. At 2 and 4 weeks, immunohistochemical analysis for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers was also performed. Results: The FGF-2-treated group demonstrated a significant improvement in mechanical strength at 6 and 12 weeks and significantly higher histological scores than the control group at ≥4 weeks. The average incidence of PCNA-positive cells was significantly higher at 2 and 4 weeks, and more cells expressing MSC markers were detected at the insertion site in the FGF-2-treated group. The expression level of Scx increased significantly in the FGF-2-treated group from 4 to 8 weeks, while the Tnmd level increased significantly from 4 to 12 weeks postoperatively. The localization of Tnmd overlapped with the locations of reparative tissues accompanying collagen fibers with an aligned orientation. Sox9 expression was significantly upregulated at 4 weeks in the FGF-2-treated group. Conclusion: FGF-2 promotes growth of the tenogenic progenitor cells, which participate in tendon-to-bone healing, resulting in biomechanical and histological improvement of the repaired RC. Clinical Relevance: These findings provide clues regarding the clinical development of regenerative repair strategies for RC injury.
Iranian nurses’ professional competence in spiritual care in 2014
Authors: Adib-Hajbaghery Mohsen , Zehtabchi Samira , Fini Ismail Azizi 
Published: August 2015

Background: The holistic approach views the human as a bio-psycho-socio-spiritual being. Evidence suggests that among these dimensions, the spiritual one is largely ignored in healthcare settings. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate Iranian nurses’ perceived professional competence in spiritual care, the relationship between perceived competence and nurses’ personal characteristics, and barriers to provide spiritual care. Research design: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the year 2014. Participants and research context: The study population consisted of nurses working in teaching hospitals in Kashan city. Using a stratified, systematic random method, 250 samples were selected from a total of 1400 nurses. An indigenous instrument was used to assess the nurses’ competencies in spiritual care. Ethical considerations: A research ethics committee approved the study. All the participants were briefed on the study aims, were assured of the confidentiality of their personal information, and signed a written informed consent. Results: Among a total of 250 nurses, 239 answered the questionnaire completely, and in total, 23%, 51%, and 26% had poor, moderate, and favorable competence in spiritual care, respectively. No significant differences were found between the mean competence scores of spiritual care in terms of gender, marital status, employment status, and level of qualification. Significant difference was found between nurses’ overall score of competence in spiritual care and receiving training on spiritual care, nurses’ position, and the ward they worked in. Discussion: Confirming the findings of the international literature, this study puts light on the situation of nurses’ perceived competence and barriers to providing spiritual care in Iran as an eastern and Islamic context. Conclusion: Three-quarters of the nurses had moderate or unfavorable competence in spiritual care. Due to the crucial role of spiritual care in quality of care and patient satisfaction, nurses should be trained and supported to provide spiritual care.
Adherence to Anticoagulant Therapy in Pediatric Patients Hospitalized With Pulmonary Embolism or Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Singh Rakesh R. , Gupte-Singh Komal R. , Wilson James P. , Moffett Brady S. 
Published: August 2015

Objectives: The American College of Chest Physicians recommends anticoagulant therapy for at least 3 months in children hospitalized for venous thromboembolism. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the medication utilization patterns and predictors of adherence to anticoagulant therapy in pediatric population. Methods: Texas Medicaid medical and prescription claims from September 1, 2007 to December 12, 2012 were extracted for children (<18 years) hospitalized for pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The index date was defined as the date of the first prescription of an anticoagulant given within 14 days of discharge. Proportion of days covered (≥80% vs <80%) was used to assess adherence to anticoagulants while controlling for demographics, cause of hospitalization, history of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, anticoagulant use, malignancy, drug type, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Key Findings: The patients (n = 60) had a mean (± standard deviation [SD]) age of 14.2 (±4.8) years, were primarily female (56.7%), African American (55.0%), enoxaparin users (58.3%), and had a mean (±SD) CCI of 18.3 (±37.7). The mean (±SD) adherence rates for warfarin and enoxaparin were 85.5% (±22.7%) and 78.7% (±27.8%), respectively. Overall, 66.7% were adherent (≥80%) to anticoagulant therapy. Logistic regression showed that increasing age was significantly associated with adherence to anticoagulant therapy, after controlling for other covariates (odds ratio = 1.5, 95% confidence interval = 1.13-1.85). Conclusion: Nearly one-third of the pediatric patients on anticoagulant therapy after discharge from PE or DVT were still nonadherent. Further research is needed to highlight the factors responsible for nonadherence in pediatric patients.
Local expression of AP/AngIV/IRAP and effect of AngIV on glucose-induced epithelial transport in human jejunal mucosa
Authors: Malinauskas M , Wallenius V , Fändriks L , Casselbrant A 
Published: August 2015

Background: Recently it was shown that the classic renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is locally expressed in small intestinal enterocytes and exerts autocrine control of glucose transport. The aim of this study was to investigate if key components for the Angiotensin III (AngIII) and IV (AngIV) formation enzymes and the AngIV receptor, insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), are present in the healthy jejunal mucosa. A second aim was to investigate AngIV effects on glucose-induced mucosal transport in vitro. Material and methods: Enteroscopy with mucosal biopsy sampling was performed in healthy volunteers. ELISA, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the protein levels and localization. The functional effect of AngIV was examined in Ussing chambers. Results: The substrate Angiotensin II, the enzymes aminopeptidases-A, B, M as well as IRAP were detected in the jejunal mucosa. Immunohistochemistry localized the enzymes to the apical brush-border membrane whereas IRAP was localized in the subapical cytosolic compartment in the enterocyte. AngIV increased the glucose-induced electrogenic transport in vitro. Conclusion: The present study indicates the presence of substrates and enzymes necessary for AngIV formation as well as the receptor IRAP in the jejunal mucosa. The functional data suggest that AngIV regulates glucose uptake in the healthy human small intestine.
Accuracy and Injection Force of the Gla-300 Injection Device Compared With Other Commercialized Disposable Insulin Pens
Authors: Klonoff David , Nayberg Irina , Thonius Marissa , See Florian , Abdel-Tawab Mona , Erbstein Frank , Haak Thomas 
Published: August 2015

Background: To deliver insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300), the widely used SoloSTAR® pen has been modified to allow for accurate and precise delivery of required insulin units in one-third of the volume compared with insulin glargine 100 U/mL, while improving usability. Here we compare the accuracy and injection force of 3 disposable insulin pens: Gla-300 SoloSTAR®, FlexPen®, and KwikPen™. Methods: For the accuracy assessment, 60 of each of the 3 tested devices were used for the delivery of 3 different doses (1 U, half-maximal dose, and maximal dose), which were measured gravimetrically. For the injection force assessment, 20 pens of each of the 3 types were tested twice at half-maximal and once at maximal dose, at an injection speed of 6 U/s. Results: All tested pens met the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) requirements for dosing accuracy, with Gla-300 SoloSTAR showing the lowest between-dose variation (greatest reproducibility) at all dose levels. Mean injection force was significantly lower for Gla-300 SoloSTAR than for the other 2 pens at both half maximal and maximal doses ( P < .0271). Conclusion: All tested pens were accurate according to ISO criteria, and the Gla-300 SoloSTAR pen displayed the greatest reproducibility and lowest injection force of any of the 3 tested devices.
Presence of multiple recurrent mutations confers poor trial outcome of relapsed/refractory CLL
Authors: Guièze Romain , Robbe Pauline , Clifford Ruth , de Guibert Sophie , Pereira Bruno , Timbs Adele , Dilhuydy Marie-Sarah , Cabes Maite , Ysebaert Loïc , Burns Adam , Nguyen-Khac Florence , Davi Frédéric , Véronèse Lauren , Combes Patricia , Le Garff-Tavernier Magali , Leblond Véronique , Merle-Béral Hélène , Alsolami Reem , Hamblin Angela , Mason Joanne , Pettitt Andrew , Hillmen Peter , Taylor Jenny , Knight Samantha J. L. , Tournilhac Olivier , Schuh Anna 
Published: August 2015

Key Points
Targeted NGS of relapsed/refractory CLL reveals a high incidence of concurrent mutations that mostly affect the TP53, ATM, and SF3B1 genes. Concurrent mutations of the TP53, ATM, and/or SF3B1 genes confer short survival in patients with relapsed/refractory CLL.
Paris-Trousseau thrombocytopenia is phenocopied by the autosomal recessive inheritance of a DNA-binding domain mutation in FLI1
Authors: Stevenson William S. , Rabbolini David J. , Beutler Lucinda , Chen Qiang , Gabrielli Sara , Mackay Joel P. , Brighton Timothy A. , Ward Christopher M. , Morel-Kopp Marie-Christine 
Published: August 2015

Key Points
The platelet defect associated with Paris-Trousseau thrombocytopenia and Jacobsen syndrome is caused by an abnormal transcription factor FLI1. FLI1 DNA–binding ETS domain mutations cause bleeding disorders with both autosomal dominant and recessive patterns of inheritance.
Sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers tested at STI clinics in the Netherlands, 2006–2013
Authors: Verscheijden Maud M. A. , Woestenberg Petra J. , Götz Hannelore M. , van Veen Maaike G. , Koedijk Femke D. H. , van Benthem Birgit H. B. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background
Specialised sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics in the Netherlands provide STI care for high-risk groups, including female sex workers (FSW), at the clinic and by outreach visiting commercial sex workplaces with a permit. The objective was to investigate the STI positivity rate and determinants of an STI diagnosis among FSW tested by STI clinics in the Netherlands.

Methods
Sexually transmitted infection clinics report demographic, behavioural and diagnostic information of every consultation to the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment. We analysed all consultations of FSW between 2006 and 2013. Trends in STI positivity rate (chlamydia, gonorrhoea, infectious syphilis, HIV and hepatitis B) were analysed using χ2 for trend and logistic regression was used to analyse determinants associated with an STI diagnosis. Differences between consultations at the STI clinic and consultations during outreach were analysed using χ2 tests.

Results
The positivity rate for any STI (overall 9.5 %) was stable from 2006 to 2013. Chlamydia positivity rate (overall 7.1 %) decreased (p < 0.001) and gonorrhoea positivity rate (overall 2.6 %) increased (p < 0.001). For gonorrhoea, the highest positivity rate was found oropharyngeal (2.0 %). Characteristics associated with STI were a younger age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.96, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.95–0.97 per year], a previous STI diagnosis (aOR 1.63, 95 % CI 1.38–1.92) and being notified for an STI by partner notification (aOR 2.61, 95 % CI 2.0–3.40). The STI positivity rate was significantly lower among FSW tested at outreach locations (8.6 %) compared to FSW tested at the STI clinic (11.7 %, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The STI positivity rate among FSW remained stable, but underlying this was a decreasing chlamydia trend and an increasing gonorrhoea trend, suggesting a shift in STI risks among FSW over time. Condom use during oral sex should be promoted since oropharyngeal gonorrhoea was frequently diagnosed and because of the potential spread of antimicrobial resistant gonococci.
Association of left ventricular longitudinal strain with central venous oxygen saturation and serum lactate in patients with early severe sepsis and septic shock
Authors: Lanspa Michael J. , Pittman Joel E. , Hirshberg Eliotte L. , Wilson Emily L. , Olsen Troy , Brown Samuel M. , Grissom Colin K. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Introduction
In septic shock, assessment of cardiac function often relies on invasive central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2). Ventricular strain is a non-invasive method of assessing ventricular wall deformation and may be a sensitive marker of heart function. We hypothesized that it may have a relationship with ScvO2 and lactate.

Methods
We prospectively performed transthoracic echocardiography in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock and measured (1) left ventricular longitudinal strain from a four-chamber view and (2) ScvO2. We excluded patients for whom image quality was inadequate or for whom ScvO2 values were unobtainable. We determined the association between strain and ScvO2 with logistic and linear regression, using covariates of mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, and vasopressor dose. We determined the association between strain and lactate. We considered strain greater than −17 % as abnormal and strain greater than −10 % as severely abnormal.

Results
We studied 89 patients, 68 of whom had interpretable images. Of these patients, 42 had measurable ScvO2. Sixty percent of patients had abnormal strain, and 16 % had severely abnormal strain. Strain is associated with low ScvO2 (linear coefficient −1.05, p =0.006; odds ratio 1.23 for ScvO2 <60 %, p =0.016). Patients with severely abnormal strain had significantly lower ScvO2 (56.1 % vs. 67.5 %, p <0.01) and higher lactate (2.7 vs. 1.9 mmol/dl, p =0.04) than those who did not. Strain was significantly different between patients, based on a threshold ScvO2 of 60 % (−13.7 % vs. -17.2 %, p =0.01) but not at 70 % (−15.0 % vs. −18.2 %, p =0.08).

Conclusions
Left ventricular strain is associated with low ScvO2 and hyperlactatemia. It may be a non-invasive surrogate for adequacy of oxygen delivery during early severe sepsis or septic shock.
Re-examining tau-immunoreactive pathology in the population: granulovacuolar degeneration and neurofibrillary tangles
Authors: Hunter Sally , Minett Thais , Polvikoski Tuomo , Mukaetova-Ladinska Elizabeta , Brayne Carol ,   the Cambridge City over-75s Cohort Collaboration
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with neurofibrillary pathology, including neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), neuritic plaques (NP) and neuropil threads containing aggregated microtubule associated protein tau. Aggregated tau is also associated with granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD). The relationships between tau, GVD, NFT and dementia are unclear.

Methods
We assessed hippocampal (CA1) tau-immunoreactive GVD and NFT pathology in brain donations from the population-representative Cambridge City over 75s Cohort (CC75C) using the CERAD protocol and a modified protocol that included a morphological characterisation of tau-immunoreactive deposits within neurons as NFTs or as GVD. Associations between GVD, NFT and dementia were investigated.

Results
Hippocampal pyramidal neurons affected with either NFT or GVD are common in the older population. Some tau-immunoreactive deposits resemble ghost GVD neurons. Tau immunoreactivity identified GVD in 95 % cases rated as none with haematoxylin and eosin staining. Both severe NFT (odds ratio (OR) 7.33, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 2.01; 26.80, p = 0.003) and severe GVD (OR 7.48, 95 %(CI) 1.54; 36.24, p = 0.012) were associated with dementia status. Increasing NFT (OR 2.47 95 %(CI) 1.45; 4.22, p = 0.001) and GVD (OR 2.12 95 %(CI) 1.23; 3.64, p = 0.007) severities are associated with increasing dementia severity. However, when the analyses were controlled for other neuropathologies (NFT, NP, Tar-DNA binding Protein-43 and amyloid deposits), the associations between GVD and dementia lost significance.

Conclusions
Current neuropathological assessments do not adequately evaluate the presence and severity of the GVD pathology and its contribution to dementia remains unclear. We recommend that protocols to assess GVD should be developed for routine use and that tau, in a non-PHF associated conformation, is reliably associated with GVD.
Stem cells isolated from human dental pulp and amniotic fluid improve skeletal muscle histopathology in mdx/SCID mice
Authors: Pisciotta Alessandra , Riccio Massimo , Carnevale Gianluca , Lu Aiping , De Biasi Sara , Gibellini Lara , La Sala Giovanni B. , Bruzzesi Giacomo , Ferrari Adriano , Huard Johnny , De Pol Anto 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIntroductionDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by a lack of the functional structural protein dystrophin, leads to severe muscle degeneration where the patients are typically wheelchair-bound and die in their mid-twenties from cardiac or respiratory failure or both. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) to differentiate toward a skeletal myogenic lineage using several different protocols in order to determine the optimal conditions for achieving myogenic commitment and to subsequently evaluate their contribution in the improvement of the pathological features associated with dystrophic skeletal muscle when intramuscularly injected intomdx/SCID mice, an immune-compromised animal model of DMD.MethodsHuman DPSCs and AFSCs were differentiated toward myogenic lineage in vitro through the direct co-culture with a myogenic cell line (C2C12 cells) and through a preliminary demethylation treatment with 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza), respectively. The commitment and differentiation of both hDPSCs and hAFSCs were evaluated by immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Subsequently, hDPSCs and hAFSCs, preliminarily demethylated and pre-differentiated toward a myogenic lineage for 2 weeks, were injected into the dystrophic gastrocnemius muscles ofmdx/SCID mice. After 1, 2, and 4 weeks, the gastrocnemius muscles were taken for immunofluorescence and histological analyses.ResultsBoth populations of cells engrafted within the host muscle ofmdx/SCID mice and through a paracrine effect promoted angiogenesis and reduced fibrosis, which eventually led to an improvement of the histopathology of the dystrophic muscle.ConclusionThis study shows that hAFSCs and hDPSCs represent potential sources of stem cells for translational strategies to improve the histopathology and potentially alleviate the muscle weakness in patients with DMD.
Pants lining manufacturing survey of menswear brands in South Korea
Authors: Kim Myoung-Ok , Kim Injoo 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study aims to survey the pants lining manufacturing of menswear brands and to provide practical data for developing the pants lining pattern. The researchers collected data by interviewing patternmakers of thirteen menswear brands in Korea. The results of this study are as follows: first, 69.2% of menswear brands provide the pants lining pattern to the garment factory. Important factors in the patternmaking methods for the lining were the pant styles and the outer shell fabric’s degree of stretch. Second, for manufacturing comparisons according to the pant style, the seam allowance from the back crotch line to the waistline showed that suit pants had varied seam allowance throughout the pant, while casual pants had the same seam allowance throughout the pant. Also, results showed that menswear pants lining were manufactured only in the front for the suit pants lining. Third, ease in the pants lining pattern the waist, hip, and thigh were the same 0.75 cm. Due to the specific shifting amount in ease, the lining pattern increases in size. The length of the back could be adjusted whether the length is below the crotch level or below the knee level. Therefore, this study suggests that when the pants lining is manufactured, the manufacturer should consider these results to develop the proper pants lining pattern, a task equally important as the outer shell pattern.
Regulation and trafficking of the HLA-E molecules during monocyte-macrophage differentiation
Authors: Camilli Giorgio , Cassotta Antonino , Battella Simone , Palmieri Gabriella , Santoni Angela , Paladini Fabiana , Fiorillo Maria Teresa , Sorrentino Rosa 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
HLA-E is a nonclassical HLA-class I molecule whose best known role is to protect from the natural killer cells. More recently, an additional function more similar to that of classical HLA-class I molecules, i.e., antigen presentation to T cells, is emerging. However, much remains to be explored about the intracellular trafficking of the HLA-E molecules. With the use of 3 different cellular contexts, 2 monocytic cell lines, U937 and THP1, and peripheral blood monocytes, we show here a remarkable increase of HLA-E during monocyte-macrophage differentiation. This goes independently from the classical HLA-class I, the main source of HLA-E-specific peptides, which is found strongly up-regulated upon differentiation of peripheral blood monocytes but not at all in the case of U937 and THP1 cell lines. Although in all cases, there was a moderate increase of HLA-E expressed in the cell surface, lysis by natural killer cells is comparably restored by an anti-NKG2A antibody in untreated as well as in PMA-differentiated U937 cells. Instead, the great majority of the HLA-E is retained in the vesicles of the autophagy-lysosome network, where they colocalize with the microtubule-associated protein light chain 3, as well as with the lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1. We conclude that differently from the classical HLA-class I molecules, the primary destination of the newly synthesized HLA-E molecules in macrophages is, rather than the cell membrane, the intracellular autophagy-lysosomal vesicles where they are stored and where they can encounter the exogenous antigens.