bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amélioration fonctionnelle sous palmitate de paliperidone à doses flexibles chez des patients aigus ou non aigus atteints de schizophrénie, après échec d’un traitement par antipsychotiques oraux
Authors: Hargarter L. , Bergmans B. , Cherubin P. , Bjorner A. , Knegtering H. , Parellada E. , Carpiniello B. , Vidailhet P. , Mertens C. , Schreiner A. 
Published: November 2013

ObjectifsÉvaluer l’amélioration fonctionnelle chez des patients atteints de schizophrénie sous palmitate de paliperidone (PP) à doses flexibles après échec d’un traitement par antipsychotiques oraux.MéthodesAnalyse menée dans deux sous-groupes de patients atteints de schizophrénie : aigus (n = 202) et non aigus (n = 593) après échec d’un traitement par antipsychotiques oraux, inclus dans une étude internationale, prospective, de six mois.Critères d’évaluationChangement du score total à la PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), à la PSP (Personal and Psychosocial Performance scale), et à la Mini-ICF-APP (Mini International Classification of Functionality, Disability and Health Rating for Activity and Participation Disorders in Psychological Illnesses).RésultatsLes deux sous-groupes ont présenté une amélioration significative du score total à la PANSS : de 98,5 ± 20,1 à l’inclusion à 67,4 ± 24,0 à la fin de l’étude (diminution moyenne = −31,0 ± 29,0) chez les patients aigus et de 71,5 ± 14,6 à 59,7 ± 18,1 (diminution moyenne = −11,7 ± 15,9) chez les patients non aigus. Cette réponse thérapeutique était associée à une augmentation significative du score total à la PSP de 43,9 ± 15,0 à 62,9 ± 17,1 (amélioration moyenne = 19,0 ± 18,7, p <0,0001) chez les patients aigus, et de 58,1 ± 13,4 à 66,1 ± 15,7 (amélioration moyenne =8,0 ± 14,0, p < 0,0001) chez les patients non aigus. Il existait une amélioration significative du score à la Mini-ICF-APP qui diminuait de 26,8 ± 8,5 à 18,5 ± 9,8 (diminution moyenne = −8,0 ± 10,4, p < 0,0001) chez les patients aigus et de 19,8 ± 7,9 à 15,9 ± 8,8 (diminution moyenne = −4,0 ± 7,5, p < 0,0001) chez les patients non aigus.ConclusionsL’amélioration symptomatique sous PP à doses flexibles chez des patients aigus ou non-aigus atteints de schizophrénie après échec d’un traitement par antipsychotique oral s’est accompagnée d’une amélioration fonctionnelle cliniquement significative.
Paleoenvironmental and geoarchaeological reconstruction from late Holocene slope records (Lower Huerva Valley, Ebro Basin, NE Spain)
Authors: Pérez-Lambán Fernando , Peña-Monné José Luis , Fanlo-Loras Javier , Picazo-Millán Jesús V. , Badia-Villas David , Rubio-Fernández Virginia , García-Giménez Rosario , Sampietro-Vattuone María M. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractSlope deposits in semiarid regions are known to be very sensitive environments, especially those that occurred during the minor fluctuations of the late Holocene. In this paper we analyse Holocene colluvium genesis, composition, and paleoenvironmental meaning through the study of slope deposits in NE Spain. Two cumulative slope stages are described during this period. In the study area, both slope accumulations are superimposed and this has enabled an excellent preservation of the aggregative sequence and the paleosols corresponding to stabilisation stages.14C and TL dating, as well as archaeological remains, provide considerable chronological precision for this sequence. The origin of the accumulation of the lower unit is placed around 4295–4083 cal yr BP/2346–2134 cal yr BC (late Chalcolithic) and it developed until the Iron Age in a cooler and wetter climate (Cold Iron Age). Under favourable conditions, a soil A-horizon was formed on top of this unit. A new slope accumulation was formed during the Little Ice Age. Within the slope two morphogenetic periods ending with A-horizons are distinguished and related with two main cold–wet climatic events. The study of these slopes provides a great amount of data for the paleoenvironmental and geoarchaeological reconstruction of the late Holocene in NE Spain.
Vertical movements along the northern border of the West African Craton: the Reguibat Shield and adjacent basins
Authors: LEPRÊTRE R. , BARBARAND J. , MISSENARD Y. , LEPARMENTIER F. , FRIZON DE LAMOTTE D. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe absence of a sedimentary record on large cratonic areas often prevents the reconstruction of the history of their vertical movements. The Reguibat Rise, belonging to the West African Craton, is typically a large basement high, whose Meso-Cenozoic history is poorly known because of the extreme reduction of this sedimentary record. In this paper we present the first thermochronological data from the centre of the Reguibat Rise, and combine them with the geometry of the sedimentary formations in the adjoining Tindouf and Taoudeni basins situated north and south, respectively. Fission track analysis on apatite yields ages from 256±21 Ma to 139±8 Ma, and 120±10 Ma by (U–Th)/He dating. Two competing scenarios are tested based on these data with thermal history modelling. We favour the scenario that includes a Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous cooling of the samples, based on stratigraphical constraints and the thermochronological results. We then propose a new model for the evolution of this region and reveal the occurrence of a previously unknown major exhumation event at the Jurassic/Cretaceous transition accounting for the main present-day structures.
Outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by norovirus GII.4 Sydney variant after a wedding reception at a resort/activity centre, Finland, August 2012
Authors: POLKOWSKA A. , RÖNNQVIST M. , LEPISTÖ O. , ROIVAINEN M. , MAUNULA L. , HUUSKO S. , TOIKKANEN S. , RIMHANEN-FINNE R. 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYIn August 2012, an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred among 88 persons attending a wedding reception at a resort/activity centre in Ylöjärvi, Finland. Of 39 interviewed guests, 23 met the case definition. Two persons were hospitalized. Epidemiological, laboratory and environmental investigations were conducted to characterize the outbreak and to recommend control measures. Investigation confirmed the presence of a new strain of norovirus GII.4 Sydney variant in stool specimens obtained from two wedding guests and on several environmental surfaces in the centre. In the questionnaire study, none of the foods or beverages served during the reception were significantly associated with the illness. Additional cases of gastroenteritis that occurred at the centre before and after the wedding reception supported the hypothesis of environmental transmission of norovirus. After thorough cleansing and disinfection and 1 week's quarantine, no new cases with symptoms typical for norovirus infection were identified at the centre.
Using parasitic elements for implementing sectoral patch antenna array for wireless applications
Authors: Kandwal Abhishek , Khah Sunil Kumar 
Published: November 2013

This paper presents the design and development of an X-band microstrip gap-coupled sectoral patch array antenna for application in wireless systems. A novel concept of bandwidth enhancement is considered for gap-coupled sectoral microstrip patch array antenna, which uses one active receiving antenna and multiple parasitic elements with finite ground plane. The parasitic elements give the possibility of creating a directive antenna beam. A broadband of 1 GHz with a return loss of −50 dB has been achieved in X-band along with a directivity of 11.1 dBi and reduced side lobe level to −23.7 for 3 dB angular width.
Erfassung aggressionsauslösender und -aufrechterhaltender Faktoren bei Kindern mit oppositionellen und aggressiven Verhaltensstörungen im Eltern-, Lehrer- und Selbsturteil
Authors: Benesch Christina , Görtz-Dorten Anja , Breuer Dieter , Döpfner Manfred 
Published: November 2013

Theoretischer Hintergrund: Der Fragebogen zum aggressiven Verhalten von Kindern (FAVK) dient der Erfassung vier möglicher aggressionsauslösender und -aufrechterhaltender Komponenten von Kindern und Jugendlichen zwischen 4 und 14 Jahren. Fragestellung: Der FAVK soll erstmals im Eltern- (n = 156), Lehrer- (n = 104) und Selbsturteil (n = 91) an einer klinischen Stichprobe (6 – 12 Jahre) untersucht werden. Methode: Überprüft werden faktorielle und interne Validität, Reliabilität und Aspekte divergenter und konvergenter Validität. Ergebnisse: Konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen bestätigen das zugrundeliegende vierfaktorielle Bedingungsmodell und eine in Feldstichproben gefundene dreifaktorielle Struktur. Interne Konsistenzen der Gesamtskalen sind zufriedenstellend (α > .70), ihre Wiederholungszuverlässigkeiten nicht. Die Korrelationen der Skalen zwischen den Beurteilern fallen geringer als erwartet aus. Zumindest im Elternurteil lassen sich die konvergente und divergente Validität bestätigen. Schlussfolgerung: Unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener Limitationen bestätigen die Befunde die Verwendung des FAVK in Klinik und Forschung.
Krankheitskosten der Borderline Persönlichkeitsstörung aus gesellschaftlicher Perspektive
Authors: Wagner Till , Roepke Stefan , Marschall Paul , Stiglmayr Christian , Renneberg Babette , Gieb Dieter , Dambacher Claudia , Matthies Sara , Salbach-Andrae Harriet , Fleßa Steffen , Fydrich Thomas 
Published: November 2013

Hintergrund: Bislang liegen in Deutschland keine Befunde über die krankheitsbedingten Kosten von Patienten mit einer Borderline Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) aus der gesellschaftlichen Perspektive vor. Fragestellung: Wie hoch sind die jährlichen Krankheitskosten pro BPS-Patient? In welchen Bereichen entstehen die höchsten Kosten? Methodik: Auf der Grundlage aktueller gesundheitsökonomischer Empfehlungen wurden die krankheitsbedingten Kosten von N = 55 BPS-Patienten in Berlin für den Zeitraum von 12 Monaten vor Beginn einer ambulanten Psychotherapie aus der gesellschaftlichen Perspektive mit einem Interview erhoben und berechnet. Ergebnisse: Die Krankheitskosten in den 12 Monaten vor der Therapie betrugen insgesamt € 26.882 (SD = € 32.275) pro BPS-Patient. € 17.976 (SD = € 23.867) davon waren direkte Kosten, € 8.906 (SD = € 15.518) wurden für indirekte Kosten berechnet. Die höchsten Kosten entstanden durch stationäre und teilstationäre Aufenthalte (M = € 13.121; SD = € 19.808) sowie durch krankheitsbedingte Erwerbsunfähigkeit (M = € 7.020; SD = € 15.099). Schlussfolgerungen: Die BPS geht mit hohen gesellschaftlichen Kosten einher, die weitaus höher sind als die durch viele andere psychische und somatische Erkrankungen bedingten Kosten.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Lumefantrine in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women With Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Uganda
Authors: Kloprogge F , Piola P , Dhorda M , Muwanga S , Turyakira E , Apinan S , Lindegårdh N , Nosten F , Day NPJ , White NJ , Guerin PJ , Tarning J 
Published: November 2013

Pregnancy alters the pharmacokinetic properties of many antimalarial compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties of lumefantrine in pregnant and nonpregnant women with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Uganda after a standard fixed oral artemether–lumefantrine treatment. Dense venous (n = 26) and sparse capillary (n = 90) lumefantrine samples were drawn from pregnant patients. A total of 17 nonpregnant women contributed with dense venous lumefantrine samples. Lumefantrine pharmacokinetics was best described by a flexible absorption model with multiphasic disposition. Pregnancy and body temperature had a significant impact on the pharmacokinetic properties of lumefantrine. Simulations from the final model indicated 27% lower day 7 concentrations in pregnant women compared with nonpregnant women and a decreased median time of 0.92 and 0.42 days above previously defined critical concentration cutoff values (280 and 175 ng/ml, respectively). The standard artemether–lumefantrine dose regimen in P. falciparum malaria may need reevaluation in nonimmune pregnant women.CPT: Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology (2013) 2, e83; doi:10.1038/psp.2013.59; advance online publication 13 November 2013
The Abscisic Acid Pathway Has Multifaceted Effects on the Accumulation of Bamboo mosaic virus
Authors: Alazem Mazen , Lin Kuan-Yu , Lin Na-Sheng 
Published: November 2013

Accepted 29 October 2013. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key role in modulating plant responses to different biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the effect of ABA on virus infection is not fully understood. Here, we describe the effects of the ABA pathway on the accumulation of Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in two different hosts: Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. We report that ABA2 plays a critical role in the accumulation of BaMV and CMV. Mutants downstream of ABA2 (aao3, abi1-1, abi3-1, and abi4-1) were susceptible to BaMV, indicating that the ABA pathway downstream of ABA2 is essential for BaMV resistance. The aba2-1 mutant decreased the accumulation of BaMV (+)RNA, (–)RNA, and coat protein, with the most dramatic effect being observed for (–)RNA. These findings were further validated by the use of virus-induced gene silencing and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in N. benthamiana. In addition, infecting N. benthamiana with BaMV or CMV increased ABA contents and activated the SA and ABA pathways, thereby disrupting the antagonism between these two cascades. Our findings uncover a novel role for ABA2 in supporting BaMV and CMV accumulation, distinct from the opposing role of its downstream genes.
Clay preference and particle transport behavior of Formosan subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae): A laboratory study
Authors: Wang Cai , Henderson Gregg 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAlthough preference and utilization of clay have been studied in many higher termites, little attention has been paid to lower termites, especially subterranean termites. The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, can modify its habitat by using clay to fill tree cavities. Here, the biological significance of clay on C. formosanus was investigated. Choice tests showed that significantly more termites aggregated in chambers where clay blocks were provided, regardless of colony group, observation period, or nutritional condition (fed or starved). No‐choice tests showed that clay had no observable effect on survivorship, live or dry biomass, water content, and tunneling activity after 33–35 d. However, clay appeared to significantly decrease filter paper consumption (dry weight loss). Active particle (sand, paper, and clay) transport behavior was observed in both choice and no‐choice tests. When present, clay was preferentially spread on the substrate, attached to the smooth surfaces of the containers, and used to line sand tunnels. Mechanisms and potential application of clay attraction are discussed.
Impact of home parenteral nutrition on daily life: A qualitative study of eight patients
Authors: Tsang Pui Yan , Carey Sharon 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAimExisting qualitative research reveals that people on home parenteral nutrition often experience psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression, and social impairment. The aim of the present study was to explore the impact of home parenteral nutrition on daily living in a cohort of Australian patients.MethodsAll eight patients receiving home parenteral nutrition at a large tertiary hospital were recruited for a semistructured interview face‐to‐face or by phone. Questions for interview included impact of home parenteral nutrition on general life, eating habits, social life and quality of living. An inductive thematic analysis approach was used.ResultsAnalysis showed that participants feel that home parenteral nutrition has many restrictions due to stringent regimens and limitations in being able to participate in activities such as swimming and travelling. Despite these restrictions, patients felt home parenteral nutrition had improved their quality of living, and it was seen as a life‐saving intervention. Eating habits were changed due to medical conditions rather than due to home parenteral nutrition. Social life of participants was not greatly affected.ConclusionPatients reported that their daily living was improved by home parenteral nutrition despite the associated burdens. Health professionals should consider earlier initiation of home parenteral nutrition in intestinal failure patients to improve quality of living for these patients. A more structured multidisciplinary model of care would ensure that patients have access to psychological support where required.
Student and supervisor productivity change during nutrition and dietetic practice placements: A cohort study
Authors: Ash Susan , Martin Elizabeth K. , Rodger Sylvia , Clark Michele , Graves Nick 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAimThis study aimed to demonstrate how supervisors and students use their time during the three domains of nutrition and dietetic clinical placement and to what extent patient‐care and non‐patient activities change during placement compared with pre‐ and post‐placement.MethodsA cohort survey design was used with students from two Queensland universities, and their supervisors in 2010. Participants recorded their time use in either a paper‐based or an electronic survey. Supervisors' and students' time use was calculated as independent daily means according to time‐use categories reported over the length of the placement. Mean daily number of occasions of service, length of occasions of service, project activities and other time use in minutes was reported as productivity output indicators and the data imputed. A linear mixed modelling approach was used to describe the relationship between the stage of placement and time use in minutes.ResultsCombined students' (n = 21) and supervisors' (n = 29) time use as occasions of service or length of occasions of service in patient‐care activities were significantly different pre, during and post placement. On project‐based placements in food‐service management and community public health nutrition, supervisors' project activity time significantly decreased during placements with students undertaking more time in project activities.ConclusionsThis study showed students do not reduce occasions of service in patient care, and they enhance project activities in food service and community public health nutrition while on placement. A larger study is required to confirm these results.
Does the Mini Nutrition Assessment—Short Form predict clinical outcomes at six months in older rehabilitation patients?
Authors: Slattery Andrew , Wegener Lorinda , James Sarah , Satanek Megan E. , Miller Michelle D. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to determine if nutritional status as assessed by the revised Mini Nutritional Assessment—Short Form is predictive of relevant clinical outcomes within six months in older rehabilitation patients, and to investigate the relationship between admission diagnosis and nutritional status.MethodsA consecutive retrospective case note audit of 181 patients ≥ 65 years admitted to rehabilitation between May and November 2010 at the Repatriation General Hospital was performed. Nutritional status was assessed using the revised Mini Nutritional Assessment—Short Form. Outcomes measured included length of stay in rehabilitation, complications during admission, participation in rehabilitation activities and change in function during admission. Acute readmissions and mortality were assessed at six months post discharge from rehabilitation.ResultsThirty‐nine (22%) patients had normal nutritional status, 98 (54%) were at risk of malnutrition and 43 (24%) were malnourished. Patients at risk of malnutrition/malnourished had a longer length of stay (P = 0.008) and were more likely to be poor participators in rehabilitation activities (P = 0.006). Malnourished patients had poor function on admission to rehabilitation (P < 0.001) and had the greatest improvement in function during the rehabilitation admission (P = 0.012).ConclusionsOver three‐quarters of older rehabilitation patients were identified as malnourished or at risk of malnutrition, and this was associated with poorer function on admission, increased length of stay and poorer participation in rehabilitation activities. Thus, the issue of malnutrition is a concern as it impacts on clinical outcomes of rehabilitation and therefore, further investigation and attention to nutritional status during admission is required.
Physiological and genetic basis for self‐aggregation of a thermophilic hydrogenotrophic methanogen, Methanothermobacter strain CaT2
Authors: Kosaka Tomoyuki , Toh Hidehiro , Fujiyama Asao , Sakaki Yoshiyuki , Watanabe Keiji , Meng Xian‐Ying , Hanada Satoshi , Toyoda Atsushi 
Published: November 2013

SummarySeveral thermophilic hydrogenotrophic methanogens naturally aggregate in their habitats in association with hydrogen‐producing bacteria for efficient transfer of the methane fermentation intermediates to produce methane. However, physiology of aggregation and the identity of aggregation‐specific genes remain to be elucidated. Here, we isolated and characterized a hydrogen and formate‐utilizing Methanothermobacter sp. CaT2 that is capable of self‐aggregation and utilizing formate. CaT2 produced methane from propionate oxidation in association with a syntrophic propionate‐oxidizing bacterium faster than other methanogens, including Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus ΔH and Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus Z‐245. CaT2 also aggregated throughout the culture period and was coated with polysaccharides, which was not found on the ΔH and Z‐245 cells. Sugar content (particularly of rhamnose and mannose) was also higher in the CaT2 cells than the ΔH and Z‐245 cells. Comparative genomic analysis of CaT2 indicated that four candidate genes, all of which encode glycosyltransferase, were involved in aggregation of CaT2. Transcriptional analysis showed that one glycosyltransferase gene was expressed at relatively high levels under normal growth conditions. The polysaccharide layer on the CaT2 cell surface, which is probably assembled by these glycosyltransferases, may be involved in cell aggregation.
Ethanol Plus the Jo2 Fas Agonistic Antibody‐Induced Liver Injury is Attenuated in Mice with Partial Ablation of Argininosuccinate Synthase
Authors: Lu Yongke , Ward Stephen C. , Nieto Natalia 
Published: November 2013

BackgroundArgininosuccinate synthase (ASS) is an enzyme shared by the urea cycle and the l‐citrulline/nitric oxide (NO·) cycle. ASS is the rate‐limiting enzyme in the urea cycle and along with nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), it endows cells with the l‐citrulline/NO· salvage pathway to continuously supply l‐arginine from l‐citrulline for sustained NO· generation. Thus, ASS conditions NO· synthesis by NOS2. Because of the relevance of NOS2 activation for liver injury, we examined the contribution of ASS to NO· generation and how it impacts liver injury.MethodsWild‐type (WT) mice and Ass+/− mice (Ass−/− mice are lethal) were intraperitoneally injected with ethanol (EtOH) at a dose of 2.5 g/kg of body weight twice a day for 3 days. Two hours after the last dose of EtOH, mice were administered the agonistic Jo2 anti‐mouse Fas monoclonal antibody (Ab) at a dose of 0.2 μg/g of body weight. Mice were sacrificed 8 hours after the Jo2 Ab injection. Markers of nitrosative and oxidative stress as well as liver damage were analyzed.ResultsEtOH plus Jo2 injection induced liver injury as shown by serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity, liver pathology, TUNEL, and cleaved caspase‐3 were lower in Ass+/− mice compared with WT mice, suggesting that ASS contributes to EtOH plus Jo2‐mediated liver injury. CYP2E1 induction, glutathione depletion, and elevated thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were comparable in both groups of mice, suggesting that CYP2E1‐mediated oxidative stress is not linked to ASS‐induced liver injury. In contrast, NOS2 induction, 3‐nitrotyrosine adducts formation and elevated nitrites, nitrates, and S‐nitrosothiols were higher in livers from WT mice than from Ass+/− mice.ConclusionDecreased nitrosative stress causes lower EtOH plus Jo2‐induced liver injury in Ass+/− mice.