bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and radiologic treatment outcomes of implant presence tirggered‐MRONJ: Systematic review of literature
Authors: Nisi Marco , Gennai Stefano , Graziani Filippo , Barone Antonio , Izzetti Rossana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe present systematic review evaluated clinical and radiographic features and treatment outcomes of peri‐implantitis‐induced medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (Pi‐MRONJ).Materials and MethodsLiterature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Studies reporting Pi‐MRONJ were included. No time restrictions were applied.ResultsIn total, 571 articles were retrieved, and 24 articles were included in the final review. Study population consisted of 111 patients (70% pharmacologically treated for osteoporosis and 30% for oncologic disease). Pi‐MRONJ was characterized by pain, bone exposure and suppuration, and involved a single implant in 55 cases, two implants in 37 cases, three implants in 10 cases, and more than four implants in nine cases. Most of the lesions were assigned Stage II and III. MRONJ developed on average 46.5 ± 33.2 months following implant placement. Sixty‐one lesions were surgically treated with implant removal and debridement of the surrounding necrotic bone. Complete wound healing was observed in 85% of cases.ConclusionsThe presence of dental implants in patients treated with antiresorptive drugs should be considered as a potential risk factor for MRONJ onset. In cases of periimplantitis with delayed wound healing following nonsurgical therapy, the clinician should rule out the presence of Pi‐MRONJ.
Modeling the Solar Cells Temperature and Power Output From Photovoltaic Panels Under Dusty Conditions
Authors: Abd-Elhady M.S. , Fazila A.R.A. , Kandil H.A. , Khalil T. , Dahlhaus D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Almost all available power and temperature models of photo voltaic (PV) panels can only predict the power output and the cell temperature under clean conditions. The objective of this research is to study the effect of dust accumulation on the solar cells temperature as well as to model the solar cells temperature and the power output from PV panels under dusty conditions. An experimental setup has been developed in this study, which consists of a PV panel that contains two thermocouples embedded inside the panel, in order to measure the cells' temperatures. The cells temperatures, solar irradiance received by the panel, and the power output from the panel have been measured for five consecutive weeks in Cairo, Egypt. The actual solar irradiance received by the cells, i.e., Gcell, was calculated using the power model of PV panels. Afterward, the cell temperature was calculated based on the cells temperature model and the actual solar irradiance received by the cells. It has been found that the difference between the measured and the calculated cell temperature was not more than 3.71% during the time of experiments. Therefore, it can be concluded that the influence of dust on the power output as well as the cell temperature can be calculated using the power model and the cell temperature model under clean conditions, but the solar irradiance in these models should be replaced by the actual solar irradiance received by the cells, i.e., Gcell.
Pseudorabies virus infection increases the permeability of the mammalian respiratory barrier to facilitate
Pasteurella multocida
infection
Authors: Zhang Dajun , Lin Lin , Yang Jie , Lv Qingjie , Wang Mixue , Hua Lin , Zhang Keshan , Chen Huanchun , Wu Bin , Peng Zhong 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Interaction between viruses and bacteria during the development of infectious diseases is a complex question that requires continuous study. In this study, we explored the interactions between pseudorabies virus (PRV) and
Pasteurella multocida
(PM), which are recognized as the primary and secondary agents of porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC), respectively.
In vivo
tests using mouse models demonstrated that intranasal inoculation with PRV at a sublethal dose induced disruption of murine respiratory barrier and promoted the invasion and damages caused by PM through respiratory infection. Inoculation with PRV also disrupted the barrier function of murine and porcine respiratory epithelial cells, and accelerated the adherence and invasion of PM to the cells. In mechanism, PRV infection resulted in decreased expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin) and adherens junction proteins (β-catenin, E-cadherin) between neighboring respiratory epithelial cells. Additionally, PRV inoculation at an early stage downregulated multiple biological processes contributing to epithelial adhesion and barrier functions while upregulating signals beneficial for respiratory barrier disruption (e.g., the HIF-1α signaling). Furthermore, PRV infection also stimulated the upregulation of cellular receptors (CAM5, ICAM2, ACAN, and DSCAM) that promote bacterial adherence. The data presented in this study provide insights into the understanding of virus-bacteria interactions in PRDC and may also contribute to understanding the mechanisms of secondary infections caused by different respiratory viruses (e.g., influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2) in both medical and veterinary medicine.

IMPORTANCE
Co-infections caused by viral and bacterial agents are common in both medical and veterinary medicine, but the related mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigated the interactions between the zoonotic pathogens PRV and PM during the development of respiratory infections in both cell and mouse models, and reported the possible mechanisms which included: (i) the primary infection of PRV may induce the disruption and/or damage of mammal respiratory barrier, thereby contributing to the invasion of PM; (ii) PRV infection at early stage accelerates the transcription and/or expression of several cellular receptors that are beneficial for bacterial adherence. This study may shed a light on understanding the mechanisms on the secondary infection of PM promoted by different respiratory viruses (e.g., influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2) in both medical and veterinary medicine.
Study on the metabolic changes and regulatory mechanism of
Aspergillus flavus
conidia germination
Authors: Jia Sifan , Li Chong , An Yu , Qi Desheng 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Aspergillus flavus
conidia are widespread in air; they attach to food and feed crops and secrete aflatoxins, which results in serious contamination. Germination of
A. flavus
conidia is the most critical step in contamination of food by
A. flavus
. This study aims to gain an insight into
A. flavus
conidia through dormancy to germination to provide a theoretical basis for inhibition of
A. flavus
conidia germination. The morphological changes and regulation mechanism of
A. flavus
conidia germination at 0, 4, 8, and 12 hours were observed. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses showed that conidia became active from dormancy (0 hour) to the initial stage of germination (4 hours), cellular respiration and energy metabolism increased, and amino acids and lipids were synthesized rapidly. The number of differentially expressed genes and differential metabolites was highest at this stage. Besides, we found that conidia germination had selectivity for different carbon and nitrogen sources. Compared with monosaccharides, disaccharides, as the only carbon source, significantly promoted the germination of conidia. Moreover,
MepA
, one of genes in the ammonium transporter family was studied. The gene deletion mutant
ΔMepA
had a significant growth defect, and the expression of
MeaA
was significantly upregulated in
ΔMepA
compared with the wild-type, indicating that both
MepA
and
MeaA
played an important role in transporting ammonium ions.

IMPORTANCE

This is the first study to use combined transcriptomic and metabolomics analyses to explore the biological changes during germination of
Aspergillus flavus
conidia. The biological process with the highest changes occurred in 0–4 hours at the initial stage of germination. Compared with polysaccharides, monosaccharides significantly increased the size of conidia, while significantly decreasing the germination rate of conidia. Both MeaA and MepA were involved in ammonia transport and metabolism during conidia germination.
Emergence of plasmid-borne
tet
(X4) resistance gene in clinical isolate of eravacycline- and omadacycline-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
ST485
Authors: Liu Xiaojing , Liu Yi , Ma Xiaohan , Chen Ruyan , Li Chenyu , Fu Hongxin , Yang Yu , Guo Kexin , Zhang Xiaoping , Liu Ruishan , Xu Hao , Zhu Junfei , Zheng Beiwen 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Omadacycline and eravacycline are gradually being used as new tetracycline antibiotics for the clinical treatment of Gram-negative pathogens. Affected by various tetracycline-inactivating enzymes, there have been reports of resistance to eravacycline and omadacycline in recent years. We isolated a strain carrying the mobile tigecycline resistance gene
tet
(X4) from the feces of a patient in Zhejiang Province, China. The strain belongs to the rare ST485 sequence type. The isolate was identified as
Klebsiella pneumoniae
by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The MICs of antimicrobial agents were determined using either the agar dilution method or the micro broth dilution method. The result showed that the isolate was resistant to eravacycline (MIC = 32 mg/L), omadacycline (MIC > 64 mg/L), and tigecycline (MIC > 32 mg/L). Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the
tet
(X4) resistance gene is located on the IncFII(pCRY) conjugative plasmid.
tet
(X4) is flanked by IS
Vsa3
, and we hypothesize that this association contributes to the spread of the resistance gene. Plasmids were analyzed by S1-nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (S1-PFGE), Southern blotting, and electrotransformation experiment. We successfully transferred the plasmid carrying
tet
(X4) to the recipient bacteria by electrotransformation experiment. Compared with the DH-5α, the MICs of the transformant L3995-DH5α were increased by eight-fold for eravacycline and two-fold higher for omadacycline. Overall, the emergence of plasmid-borne
tet
(X4) resistance gene in a clinical isolate of
K. pneumoniae
ST485 underscores the essential requirement for the ongoing monitoring of
tet
(X4) to prevent and control its further dissemination in China.

IMPORTANCE

There are still limited reports on
Klebsiella pneumoniae
strains harboring tetracycline-resistant genes in China, and
K. pneumoniae
L3995hy adds a new example to those positive for the
tet
(X4) gene. Importantly, our study raises concerns that plasmid-mediated resistance to omadacycline and eravacycline may spread further to a variety of ecological and clinical pathogens, limiting the choice of medication for extensively drug-resistant bacterial infections. Therefore, it is important to continue to monitor the prevalence and spread of
tet
(X4) and other tetracyclines resistance genes in
K. pneumoniae
and diverse bacterial populations.
Constraining dark photon parameters based on the very high energy observations of blazars
Authors: Liu Tian-Ci , Lu Ming-Xuan , Hu Xiao-Song 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDark photon is a new gauge boson beyond the Standard Model as a kind of dark matter (DM) candidate. Dark photon dark matter (DPDM) interacts with electromagnetic fields via kinetic mixing, implicating an approach to give a constraint with extragalactic very high energy (VHE) sources. In this work, we attempt to constrain the kinetic mixing from the photon-dark photon scattering process in the host galaxy of blazar, the intergalactic medium and the Milky Way. The VHE photons from a blazar would pass through a dense DM spike around the supermassive black hole where the absorption from DPDM is dramatically enhanced. The kinetic mixing is constrained to be $$\epsilon \sim 10^{-7}$$

ϵ
∼

10

-
7

at a 95$$\%$$
%
confidence level with $$m_\textrm{D}\sim 0.03 {-} 1$$

m
D

∼
0.03
-
1

eV mass range from the observations of Markarian (Mrk) 421 and Mrk 501.
Anti-HDGF Antibody Targets EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor–Tolerant Cells in NSCLC Patient-Derived Xenografts
Authors: Zhou Cindy Q. , Li Ariel , Ri Kaoru , Sultan Ahmed S. , Ren Hening 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Constitutively active mutant EGFR is one of the major oncogenic drivers in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Targeted therapy using EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is a first-line option in patients that have metastatic or recurring disease. However, despite the high response rate to TKI, most patients have a partial response, and the disease eventually progresses in 10 to 19 months. It is believed that drug-tolerant cells that survive TKI exposure during the progression-free period facilitate the emergence of acquired resistance. Thus, targeting the drug-tolerant cells could improve the treatment of NSCLC with EGFR mutations. We demonstrated here that EGFR-mutant patient-derived xenograft tumors responded partially to osimertinib despite near-complete inhibition of EGFR activation. Signaling in AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways could be reactivated shortly after initial inhibition. As a result, many tumor cells escaped drug killing and regained growth following about 35 days of continuous osimertinib dosing. However, when an antibody to hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) was given concurrently with osimertinib, tumors showed complete or near-complete responses. There was significant prolongation of progression-free survival of tumor-bearing mice as well. IHC and Western blot analysis of tumors collected in the early stages of treatment suggest that increased suppression of the AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways could be a mechanism that results in enhanced efficacy of osimertinib when it is combined with an anti-HDGF antibody.

Significance:
These results suggest that HDGF could be critically involved in promoting tolerance to TKI in patient-derived xenografts of NSCLC tumors. Blocking HDGF signaling could be a potential means to enhance EGFR-targeted therapy of NSCLC that warrants further advanced preclinical and clinical studies.
Comparing ARR Versus Suppressed PRA as Screening Tests for Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Marcelli Marco , Bi Caixia , Funder John W. , McPhaul Michael J. 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:
In many practices, the screening for primary aldosteronism relies on a single-blood draw for plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and plasma renin activity (PRA) to establish an aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR). ARR levels vary between expert centers and repeated assays in the same individual, emphasizing the potential variability of this screening approach. A suppressed PRA to <1 ng/mL per h has been proposed as an alternative test to the ARR.

METHODS:
We compared 2 potential screening approaches to identify probable primary aldosteronism (ARR≥30 or ARR≥20 versus PRA suppressed below 1 ng/mL per h) in a cohort of 94 829 paired PRA and PAC samples submitted by clinicians to evaluate the presence of primary aldosteronism.

RESULTS:
Of 94 829 patients, 20.3% tested positive based on ARR≥20 (95% CI, 20.0%–20.5%), 13.9% based on ARR≥30 (95% CI, 13.6%–14.1%), versus 45.9% based on suppressed PRA (<1 ng/mL per minute [95% CI, 45.5%–46.2%]). In the PRA group, a range of aldosterone levels was observed: 5.5% had PAC >15 ng/dL, 25.2% had PAC 5 to 15 ng/dL, and 15.2% had PAC <5 ng/dL, compared with 6%, 12.7%, and 1.6% in the ARR≥20 group and 4.7%, 8.5%, and 0.7% in the ARR≥30 group.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this cohort of individuals being screened for primary aldosteronism, substantially more individuals were identified using criteria focused on suppression of renin activity compared with using the aldosterone renin ratio as a screening tool.
Evaluation of the Aggregation Efficiency Modeling at Colder Atmospheric Temperatures in Comparison to Satellite Observations
Authors: Seiki Tatsuya , Nagao Takashi M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aggregation efficiency in the upper troposphere is highly uncertain because of the lack of laboratory experiments and aircraft measurements, especially at atmospheric temperatures below −30°C. Aggregation is physically broken down into collision and sticking. In this study, theory-based parameterizations for the collision efficiency and sticking efficiency are newly implemented into a double-moment bulk cloud microphysics scheme. Satellite observations of the global ice cloud distribution are used to evaluate the aggregation efficiency modeling. Sensitivity experiments of 9-day global simulations using a high-resolution climate model show that the use of collision efficiency parameterization causes a slight increase in the cloud ice amount above the freezing level over the tropics to midlatitudes and that the use of our new sticking efficiency parameterization causes a significant increase in the cloud ice amount and a slight decrease in the snow amount particularly in the upper troposphere over the tropics. The increase/decrease in the cloud ice/snow amount in the upper troposphere over the tropics is consistent with the vertical profile of radar echoes. Moreover, the ice fraction of the cloud optical thickness is still underestimated worldwide. Finally, the cloud radiative forcing increases over the tropics to reduce the bias in the radiation budget. These results indicate that our new aggregation efficiency modeling reasonably functions even at atmospheric temperatures below −30°C; however, further improvements in the ice cloud modeling are needed.

Significance Statement
Long-standing biases in the radiative budget in climate models indicate the existence of a missing mechanism to realistically represent the ice cloud growth in the upper troposphere. This study focuses on aggregation efficiency, which has been assumed to be a tuning parameter to optimize the global radiative budget. Therefore, this study employs a theory-based parameterization to calculate the aggregation efficiency. According to the parameterization, aggregation efficiency in high clouds varies by the growth stage of the individual ice particles. As a result, small ice crystals are likely to grow more slowly, and the lifetime of cirrus clouds is prolonged to enhance cloud radiative forcing, particularly over the tropics. These results are promising for reducing the biases observed in climate models.
Detection and Attribution of Changes in Precipitation Extremes in China and Its Different Climate Zones
Authors: Chen Wenhui , Cui Huijuan , Zwiers Francis W. , Li Chao , Zheng Jingyun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Based on the observations and the phase 6 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) multimodel simulations, we conducted a detection and attribution analysis for the observed changes in intensity and frequency indices of extreme precipitation during 1961–2014 over the whole of China and within distinct climate regions across the country. A space–time analysis is simultaneously applied in detection so that spatial structure on the signals is considered. Results show that the CMIP6 models can simulate the observed general increases of extreme precipitation indices during the historical period except for the drying trends from southwestern to northeastern China. The anthropogenic (ANT) signal is detectable and attributable to the observed increase of extreme precipitation over China, with human-induced greenhouse gas (GHG) increases being the dominant contributor. Additionally, we also detected the ANT and GHG signals in China’s temperate continental, subtropical–tropical monsoon, and plateau mountain climate zones, demonstrating the role of human activity in historical extreme precipitation changes on much smaller spatial scales.

Significance Statement
The observed intensification of extreme precipitation globally has been attributed to human influences. Here, we demonstrate that anthropogenic forcing has discernably intensified extreme precipitation over the period 1961–2014, over China and in three of its four climate zones, with human-induced greenhouse gas increases being the dominant contributor. Our results strengthen the body of evidence that greenhouse gas increases are intensifying extreme precipitation by quantifying their role in observed changes at smaller regional scales than previously reported.
Understanding the Relationship between Cloud Controlling Factors and the ISCCP Weather States
Authors: Grise Kevin M. , Tselioudis George 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Two common methods used to develop a process-level understanding of global cloud cover are 1) analyzing large-scale meteorological variables (cloud controlling factors) associated with cloud variability and 2) classifying cloud types using clustering algorithms applied to satellite data, such as the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) weather states. The cloud controlling factor method is advantageous to apply to climate models, as it does not rely on cloud parameterizations or the availability of satellite simulator output. The purpose of this study is to document the relationship between cloud controlling factors and the ISCCP weather states in the observational record, providing a benchmark for the application of cloud controlling factors to study individual cloud types in future studies. Most ISCCP weather states are linked to distinct dynamical regimes characterized by unique combinations of six cloud controlling factors. These relationships are present in both the long-term mean climatology and daily-to-monthly climate variability. For example, deep convective and midlatitude storm clouds dominate ascending regions. In descending regions, shallow cumulus is more frequent in regimes characterized by weak boundary layer temperature inversions [estimated inversion strength (EIS)] and strong subsidence, and stratocumulus is more frequent in regimes with larger values of EIS, weaker subsidence, and relatively weak near-surface cold advection. Midlevel clouds are prominent in descending regions with strong cold advection. Overall, the results of this study suggest promise in using cloud controlling factors to identify dynamical regimes where individual cloud types are more or less likely and to understand the physical processes responsible for the transitions among them.
Clustering Anomalous Circulations and Their Implications on the Prediction of Minimum 2-m Air Temperature over Northeastern China during Winter
Authors: Zhou Yang , Liu Binshuo , Lei Boyang , Zhao Qifan , Sun Shanlei , Chen Haishan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The ERA5 reanalysis during cold months (November–March) of 1979–2020 was used for determining four cluster centroids through the k-means for classifying regional anomalies of the daily geopotential height at 500 hPa (H500) over northeastern China. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) was used to reduce dimensionality. Four clusters were linked to the EOF patterns with clear meteorological meanings, which are associated with the evolution of ridges and troughs over northeastern China. Those systems relate to warm and cold advections at 850 hPa. In each H500 cluster, the advection is the major contributor leading to temperature changes at 850 hPa, which significantly relates to the changes and anomalies of daily minimum air temperature at 2 m (T2min). Furthermore, the jet activities over Asia relate to more or less occurrence of specific H500 clusters in jet phases. This is because anomalous westerlies are generally in favor of positive anomalies of the vorticity tendency at 500 hPa. For the reforecasts during 2004–19 in the Chinese Meteorology Administration (CMA) S2S model, the hit rates above 50% for all the H500 clusters are within 9.5 days, which are in between those for the first two and the last two clusters. The correct prediction of H500 anomalies improves the T2min prediction up to 12 days, compared with 8 days for the incorrect one. The good prediction of the jet activities leads to a more accurate prediction of H500 anomalies. Therefore, improvement of the model prediction of jet activities and H500 anomalies will lead to better prediction of winter weather near the ground over northeastern China.