bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary review of the genus <i>Stenotarsus</i> Perty (Coleoptera: Endomychidae) from México, Guatemala and Belize, with descriptions of twelve new species
Authors: ARRIAGA-VARELA EMMANUEL , ZARAGOZA-CABALLERO SANTIAGO , TOMASZEWSKA WIOLETTA , NAVARRETE-HEREDIA JOSE LUIS 
Published: April 2013

A preliminary review of the species of Stenotarsus Perty from México, Guatemala and Belize is presented. Twenty-seven species are recorded from the region including 12 new species described here: Stenotarsus cortesi sp. nov. (Jalisco), S. incisus sp. nov.Quetzaltenango, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz),kafkai sp. nov.Veracruz),mesoamericanus sp. nov.Chiapas, Puebla),mexicanus sp. nov.Veracruz),molgorae sp. nov.Jalisco),monterrosoi sp. nov.Izabal),parallelicornis sp. nov. (Veracruz), S. raramuri sp. nov.Durango, Jalisco),rulfoi sp. nov. (Jalisco),shockleyi sp. nov.Veracruz),spiropenis sp. nov. (Jalisco). Stenotarsus circumdatus Gerstaecker,discipennis Gorham and S. tarsalis Gorham are synonymized with S. globosus Guérin-Méneville.distinguendus Arrow is synonymized with S. sallaei Gorham. Stenotarsus pilatei Gorham is synonymized with S. militaris Gerstaecker. Lectotypes are designated for: Stenotarsus circumdatus Gerstaecker,distinguendus Arrow, Stenotarsus exiguus Gorham,globosus Guérin-Méneville,guatemalae Arrow,discipennis Gorham, Stenotarsus lemniscatus Gorham, Stenotarsus militaris Gerstaecker, Stenotarsus rubrocinctus Gerstaecker, Stenotarsus sallaei Gorham, Stenotarsus tarsalis Gorham, Stenotarsus thoracicus Gorham. A key to the species in this region is provided. Species are described in detail and illustrated, and habits and habitats are given when available.
A Downscaled Wind Climatology on the Outer Continental Shelf
Authors: Woods Bryan K. , Nehrkorn Thomas , Henderson John M. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractA 31-yr time series of boundary layer winds has been developed for a region on the outer continental shelf. This simulated time series was designed to be suitable to study the wind resources for a potential offshore wind farm. Reanalysis data were used to initialize a series of high-resolution numerical simulations. The limited number of high-resolution numerical simulations was repeatedly sampled using an analog matching criterion that is based on the reanalysis data to create a 31-yr time series with 500-m spatial resolution and 10-min temporal resolution. Validation against buoy data indicates that combining the reanalysis and resampled high-resolution numerical simulations produces a much more accurate wind speed distribution than does the reanalysis alone. Both the model physics and downscaled resolution may be contributing to the observed performance gains.
The Association of Tropical and Extratropical Climate Modes to Atmospheric Blocking across Southeastern Australia
Authors: Cowan Tim , van Rensch Peter , Purich Ariaan , Cai Wenju 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Relationships of the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the southern annular mode (SAM) with atmospheric blocking are investigated using a linear framework over the austral autumn–spring (cool) seasons for southeast Australia (SEA). Positive blocking events occurring at 130°–140°E increase the likelihood of cutoff low pressure systems developing that generate significant rainfall totals across SEA. In mid to late austral autumn (April–May), blocking is coherent with negative IOD events. During this season, a negative IOD event and blocking are associated with warm sea surface temperature anomalies in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean and a blocking high pressure cell south of Australia. An anomalous cyclonic pressure center over southern Australia directs tropical moisture flux anomalies to the region. Despite this, only a small portion of a negative IOD's impact on SEA rainfall comes through blocking events. During austral winter, ENSO is coherent with blocking; anomalous tropical moisture fluxes from the western Pacific during a La Niña merge with anomalous cyclonic flows centered over SEA, delivering enhanced rainfall via cutoff lows. The low pressure cell constitutes a center of the Southern Oscillation associated with ENSO. This ENSO-blocking coherence is considerably weaker in austral spring, whereby circulation anomalies associated with blocking resemble a SAM-like pattern. As such, a large portion of the SAM's impact on SEA spring rainfall occurs in conjunction with blocking events. The relative importance of associations between the dominant climate modes and blocking in generating the drought-breaking cool season precipitation in 2010 across SEA is discussed.
Revisiting Microstructure Sensor Responses with Implications for Double-Diffusive Fluxes
Authors: Sommer Tobias , Carpenter Jeffrey R. , Schmid Martin , Lueck Rolf G. , Wüest Alfred 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Thin high-gradient interfaces that occur naturally within double-diffusive staircases are used to estimate the response characteristics of temperature and conductivity microstructure sensors. The knowledge of these responses is essential for resolving small-scale turbulence in natural water bodies and for determining double-diffusive fluxes of heat and salt. Here, the authors derive microstructure sensor responses from observed differences in the statistical distributions of interface thicknesses at various profiling speeds in Lake Kivu (central Africa). In contrast to the standard approach for determining sensor responses, this method is independent of any knowledge of the true in situ temperature and salinity structure. Assuming double-pole frequency response functions, the time constants for the Sea-Bird Electronics SBE-7 conductivity sensor and the Rockland Scientific International FP07 thermistor are estimated to be 2.2 and 10 ms, respectively. In contrast to previous assumptions, the frequency response for the SBE-7 is found to be substantial and dominates the wavenumber response for profiling speeds larger than 0.19 m s−1.
A Fast Spherical Harmonics Transform for Global NWP and Climate Models
Authors: Wedi Nils P. , Hamrud Mats , Mozdzynski George 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Very high-resolution spectral transform models are believed to become prohibitively expensive because of the relative increase in computational cost of the Legendre transforms compared to the gridpoint computations. This article describes the implementation of a practical fast spherical harmonics transform into the Integrated Forecast System (IFS) at ECMWF. Details of the accuracy of the computations, of the parallelization, and memory use are discussed. Results are presented that demonstrate the cost effectiveness and accuracy of the fast spherical harmonics transform, successfully mitigating the concern about the disproportionally growing computational cost. Using the new transforms, the first T7999 global weather forecast (equivalent to ≈2.5-km horizontal grid size) using a spectral transform model has been produced.
Transition of the Coastal and Estuarine Storm Tide Model to an Operational Storm Surge Forecast Model: A Case Study of the Florida Coast
Authors: Zhang Keqi , Li Yuepeng , Liu Huiqing , Rhome Jamie , Forbes Cristina 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The operational forecast demands and constraints of the National Hurricane Center require that a storm surge model in research mode be tested against a benchmark model such as Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) for accuracy, computation time, and numerical stability before the model is used for operational forecasts. Additionally, the simulated results must be in a geographic information system format to facilitate the usage of computed storm surge for various applications. This paper presents results from a demonstration project to explore the pathway for the transition of the Coastal and Estuarine Storm Tide (CEST) model to an operational forecast model by testing CEST over SLOSH basins in Florida. The performance and stability of CEST were examined by conducting simulations for Hurricane Andrew (1992) and more than 100 000 synthetic hurricanes for nine SLOSH basins covering the Florida coast and Lake Okeechobee. The results show that CEST produces peak surge heights similar to those from SLOSH. Additionally, CEST has proven to be numerically stable against all synthetic hurricanes and the computation time of CEST is comparable to that of SLOSH. Therefore, CEST has the potential to be used for operational forecasts of storm surge. The potential of producing more detailed real-time surge inundation forecasts was also investigated through the simulations of Andrew's surge on various grids with different cell sizes. The results indicate that CEST can produce 48-h forecasts using a single processor in about 40 min over a grid generated by reducing the cell edge size of the SLOSH grid by 4 times.
Improving Effectiveness of Weather Risk Communication on the NWS Point-and-Click Web Page
Authors: Demuth Julie L. , Morss Rebecca E. , Lazo Jeffrey K. , Hilderbrand Douglas C. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The National Weather Service's (NWS) point-and-click (PnC) web page is a primary channel through which NWS directly provides routine and hazardous weather information to its users. The research presented here aims to improve risk communication of hazardous weather information on the PnC web page. The focus is on improving communication of threat existence and threat timing because this important information influences how individuals perceive and respond to a weather risk. Experimental presentations of PnC forecast information were designed for two weather scenarios: a severe thunderstorm warning and a flood watch. The experimental presentations were created by adding new textual and graphical pieces of information that were intended to better convey threat existence and timing, and they were evaluated through two rounds of nationwide surveys of PnC web page users. The survey results show that the default presentation of forecast information on the PnC web page was the least effective at conveying hazardous weather threat existence and timing. Adding start-time text and end-time text, when these information pieces were coupled, helped respondents understand the precise time that weather threats were in effect for the rapid-onset, short-duration severe thunderstorm warning and for the delayed-start, longer-duration flood watch. Adding a box graphic placed around the forecast icons further enhanced communication effectiveness by drawing respondents' attention to the weather threat. Other experimental forecast presentations were designed but were less effective at communicating hazardous weather threat existence and timing, illustrating the importance of empirically evaluating weather risk communication prior to providing it operationally.
(Nurse)—Writing With the Wolves
Authors: Davis Halifax Nancy Viva , Mitchell Gail J. 
Published: April 2013

La Loba, an arts-informed, pilot research project brought together health-care workers from diverse disciplines who met over a span of 6 months, to create a space of praxis within which we could reflect upon the experiences of bearing witness to suffering. The poem (nurse) is writing with; using the method of poetic transcription (Richardson 1992, 1994a, 1994b), memories, gestures, and words from the inquiry are returned to public space to bear witness to the suffering that is unacknowledged within our contemporary health-care institutions.
Beyond Corporate Social Responsibility: A Role for Corporate India in Rural Primary Education
Authors: Ojha Abhoy K. , Chakravarty Dwarkaprasad 
Published: April 2013

With the bulk of India’s population residing in rural areas, access to quality primary education in non-urban areas is vital to unlock the country’s vast economic potential. Good primary education is likely to provide a solid foundation to the rural poor for acquiring higher education, professional skills and employment, thereby reducing poverty for them and enabling sustained economic growth for the country. Government schools, which comprise the majority of schools in rural India, have been unable to address the challenge due to inferior facilities, ineffective teaching and mismanagement. As a result, rural parents, who can afford to do so, are increasingly enrolling their children in private schools that have been opportunistically set up in relatively affluent rural areas. While such schools demonstrate better results than government schools, they are far from adequate in terms of quality and accessibility. We believe that there is a need to meet the twin challenges of quality and accessibility with more innovative methods which involve more than the traditional providers of education. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is becoming more central to the societal expectations from commercial organizations, with the possibility that spending a certain percentage of corporate income on societal welfare is likely to have legislative sanction. However, with a few exceptions, CSR in India seems to lack focus and ownership towards socio-economic development initiatives such as rural education. We argue that more corporations should focus their CSR initiatives towards addressing the challenges of primary education in rural India. There is a critical need for good educational institutions, which have thus far confined themselves to urban areas, to establish primary schools in rural areas. However, several other challenges need to be addressed in order to facilitate the entry of such institutions into rural areas as well as to enable students to enrol and continue in schools. We believe that a consortium of educational institutions, non-government organizations (NGOs), and other affiliated organizations lead by the CSR wing of a prominent private sector organization working in partnership with government institutions may be able to address these requirements. We argue that a collaborative partnership that has commonality of purpose, well-defined accountabilities and outcome-based performance measures has the potential to yield an order of magnitude improvement in rural primary education.
Tunnel Enlargement and Coalition After Anatomic Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Hamstring Tendon Autografts
Authors: Kawaguchi Yasuyuki , Kondo Eiji , Onodera Jun , Kitamura Nobuto , Sasaki Tsukasa , Yagi Tomonori , Yasuda Kazunori 
Published: April 2013

Background: Tunnel enlargement and coalition following double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with hamstring tendon autografts has not yet been sufficiently studied. Hypothesis: The incidence and the degree of femoral tunnel enlargement will be significantly greater than those for tibial tunnel enlargement after anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction using hamstring tendon autografts. There will be no significant correlation between tunnel enlargement and coalition and the postoperative knee laxity. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Thirty-nine patients who underwent anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction using semitendinosus and gracilis tendon autografts were followed up for 1 year after surgery. The grafts were simultaneously fixed at 10° of knee flexion with EndoButtons and spiked staples. All patients were examined with computed tomography and the standard clinical evaluation methods at 2 weeks and 1 year after surgery. Results: The degree of tunnel enlargement of the femoral anteromedial and posterolateral tunnels averaged 10% to 11% and 7% to 9%, respectively, while that of the tibial anteromedial and posterolateral tunnels averaged 3% to 7% and 1% to 6%. The degree and incidence of the anteromedial and posterolateral tunnel enlargement were significantly greater in the femur than in the tibia ( P < .0335 and P < .0405, respectively). On the femoral and tibial intra-articular surface, tunnel outlet coalition was found in 5% and 77% of the knees, respectively, at 1 year after surgery. There was no significant correlation between tunnel enlargement and coalition and the clinical outcome. Conclusion: The incidence and the degree of each tunnel enlargement in the femur were significantly greater than that in the tibia. However, the incidence of tunnel coalition in the femur was significantly less than that in the tibia after double-bundle ACL reconstruction with a transtibial technique. There was no significant correlation between tunnel enlargement and coalition and the clinical outcome. Clinical Relevance: The present study provides orthopaedic surgeons with important information on double-bundle ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendons.
Kernel function based interior-point methods for horizontal linear complementarity problems
Authors: Lee Yong-Hoon , Cho You-Young , Cho Gyeong-Mi 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
It is well known that each kernel function defines an interior-point algorithm. In this paper we propose new classes of kernel functions whose form is different from known kernel functions and define interior-point methods (IPMs) based on these functions whose barrier term is exponential power of exponential functions for

P
∗

(
κ
)

-horizontal linear complementarity problems (HLCPs). New search directions and proximity measures are defined by these kernel functions. We obtain so far the best known complexity results for large- and small-update methods.
Metabonomic analysis of liver tissue from BALB/c mice with d-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced acute hepatic failure
Authors: Feng Bo , Wu Shengming , Liu Feng , Gao Yan , Dong Fangting , Wei Lai 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Compared with biofluids, target tissues and organs more directly reflect the pathophysiological state of a disease process. In this study, a D-galactosamine (GalN) / lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model was constructed to investigate metabonomics of liver tissue and directly characterize metabolic changes in acute liver failure (ALF).

Methods
After pretreatment of liver tissue, gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOFMS) was used to separate and identify the liver metabolites. Partial least squares – discriminant analysis models were constructed to separate the ALF and control groups and to find those compounds whose liver levels differed significantly between the two groups.

Results
Distinct clustering was observed between the ALF and control mice. Fifty-eight endogenous metabolites were identified. Compared with the control mice, many metabolites, including sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, and organic acids, underwent significant changes in the ALF group, some of which differed from changes observed in plasma. Significant reduction of some important intermediate metabolites indicates that production of ketone bodies, the tricarboxylic acid and urea cycles, gluconeogenesis, glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways are inhibited after GalN/LPS administration.

Conclusions
GC/TOFMS can be a powerful technique to perform metabonomic studies of liver tissue. GalN/LPS treatment can severely disturb substance metabolism in the liver, with different effects on metabolites compared with those observed in the plasma.
Prevalence of claims-based recurrent low back pain in a Canadian population: A secondary analysis of an administrative database
Authors: Beaudet Nicolas , Courteau Josiane , Sarret Philippe , Vanasse Alain 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
There is a vast literature reporting that the point prevalence of low back pain (LBP) is high and increasing. It is also known that a large proportion of acute LBP episodes are recurrent within 12 months. However, few studies report the annual trends in the prevalence of recurrent LBP or describe these trends according to age and sex categories.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 401 264 adults selected from the administrative database of physician claims for the province of Quebec, Canada. These adults, aged 18 years and over, met the criteria of having consulted a physician three times within a 365-day period between 2000 and 2007 for a LBP condition corresponding to ICD-9 codes 721, 722, 724 or 739. All data were analyzed by sex and clustered according to specific age categories.

Results
We observed a decrease from 1.64% to 1.33% in the annual prevalence between 2000 and 2007 for men. This decrease in prevalence was mostly observed between 35 and 59 years of age. Older (≥65 years) women were 1.35 times more at risk to consult a physician for LBP in a recurrent manner than older men. The most frequently reported diagnosis was non-specific LBP between 2000 to 2007. During the same period, sequelae of previous back surgery and spinal stenosis were the categories with the largest increases.

Conclusion
The annual prevalence of claims-based recurrent LBP progressively decreased between 2000 and 2007 for younger adults (<65 years) while older adults (≥65 years) showed an increase. Given the aging Canadian population, recurrent low back pain could have an increasing impact on the quality of life of the elderly as well as on the healthcare system.
A Lectin-EGF antibody promotes regulatory T cells and attenuates nephrotoxic nephritis via DC-SIGN on dendritic cells
Authors: Cai Minchao , Wu Jing , Mao Chaoming , Ren Jianmin , Li Pu , Li Xiao , Zhong Jiuchang , Xu Chundi , Zhou Tong 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Background
Interactions between dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells play a critical role in the development of glomerulonephritis, which is a common cause of chronic kidney disease. DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN), an immune-regulating molecule of the C-type lectin family, is mainly expressed on DCs and mediates DC adhesion and migration, inflammation, activation of primary T cells. DC-SIGN triggers immune responses and is involved in the immune escape of pathogens and tumours. In addition, ligation of DC-SIGN on DCs actively primes DCs to induce Tregs. Under certain conditions, DC-SIGN signalling may result in inhibition of DC maturation, by promoting regulatory T cell (Treg) function and affecting Th1/Th2 bias.

Methods
A rat model of nephrotoxic nephritis was used to investigate the therapeutic effects of an anti-lectin-epidermal growth factor (EGF) antibody on glomerulonephritis. DCs were induced by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. The expression of DC surface antigens were detected using flow cytometry; the levels of cytokines were detected by ELISA and qPCR, respectively; the capability of DCs to stimulate T cell proliferation was examined by mixed lymphocyte reaction; PsL-EGFmAb targeting to DC-SIGN on DCs was identified by immunoprecipitation.

Results
Anti-Lectin-EGF antibody significantly reduced global crescent formation, tubulointerstitial injury and improved renal function impairment through inhibiting DC maturation and modulating Foxp3 expression and the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance in kidney. Binding of anti-Lectin-EGF antibody to DC-SIGN on human DCs inhibited DC maturation, increased IL-10 production from DCs and enhanced CD4+CD25+ Treg functions.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that treatment with anti-Lectin-EGF antibody modulates DCs to suppressive DCs and enhances Treg functions, contributing to the attenuation of renal injury in a rat model of nephrotoxic nephritis.