bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical performance simulation and optimal design of carbon fiber composite B-pillar
Authors: Zhang Jianhui , Hu Yaopeng , Li Qingchun , Yin Changcheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study primarily concentrates on the layer optimization and structural refinement of carbon fiber composite B-pillars. In the initial phase, an initial layer configuration for the carbon fiber composite material B-pillar was devised, followed by comprehensive finite element numerical simulations. The weight of the B-pillar was effectively diminished by 44.9% compared to its metal counterpart, while maintaining consistent performance across diverse operational conditions. Subsequently, an advanced layer thickness optimization model was formulated, incorporating the innovative ‘super layer’ concept. Integration of simulation software, such as ISIGHT and ABAQUS, facilitated the determination of optimal layer thickness and ratio for the composite material. The layer order was systematically optimized through the application of a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm based on exchange order, adeptly addressing issues related to discontinuous design variables and potential combinations. The incorporation of a ply drop-off structure laying scheme was derived, resulting in an impressive weight reduction of 57.5%. In the final phase, adherence to NCAP side collision testing standards enabled a comprehensive evaluation, where in various indicators including deformation mode, intrusion amount, and intrusion speed were employed. The results substantiate that the composite B-pillar exhibits equivalent side impact resistance to the original metal B-pillar, ensuring robust passenger protection.
1D topological photonic crystal based nanosensor for tuberculosis detection
Authors: R Lakshmi Thara , Aruna Priya P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this study, we present a nanosized biosensor based on the photobiological properties of one-dimensional (1D) topological photonic crystals (PCs). A topological structure had been designed by combining two PC structures (PC 1 and PC 2) comprised of functional material layers, Si and SiO2. These two, PC 1 and PC 2, differ in terms of the thickness and arrangement of these dielectric materials. We carried out a comparison between two distinct topological PCs: one using random PCs, and the other featuring a mirror heterostructure. Tuberculosis may be diagnosed by inserting a sensor layer into 1D topological PCs. The sensing process is based on the refractive indexes of the analytes in the sensor layer. When the 1D-topological heterostructure-based PC and its mirror-image structures are stacked together, the sensor becomes more efficient for analyte detection than the conventional PCs. The random-based topological PC outperformed the heterostructure-based topological PC in analyte sensing. Photonic media witness notable blue shifts due to the analytes’ variations in refractive index. The numerical results of the sensor are computed using the transfer matrix approach. Effective results are achieved by optimizing the thicknesses of the sensor layer and dielectric layers; number of periods and incident angle. In normal incident light, the developed sensor shows a high sensitivity of 1500 nm RIU−1 with a very low limit of detection in the order of 2.2 × 10−06 RIU and a high-quality factor of 30 659.54.
Enhanced therapeutic impact of Shikonin-encapsulated exosomes in the inhibition of colorectal cancer progression
Authors: Lu Yuchang , Zhou Hailun , Han Changpeng , Gong Yabin , Li Ying , Xia Yubin , Liang Biao , Yang Haojie , Wang Zhenyi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy with high mortality rates and poor prognosis. Shikonin (SHK) has demonstrated extensive anti-tumor activity across various cancers, yet its clinical application is hindered by poor solubility, limited bioavailability, and high toxicity. This study aims to develop SHK-loaded exosomes (SHK-Exos) and assess their efficacy in CRC progression. Exosomes were isolated using ultracentrifugation and characterized via TEM, NTA, and western blotting. Their cellular internalization was confirmed through confocal microscopy post PKH67 labeling. Effects on cell behaviors were assessed using CCK-8 and Transwell assays. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed via flow cytometry. A xenograft tumor model evaluated in vivo therapeutic potential, and tumor tissues were examined using H&E staining and in vivo imaging. SHK-Exos demonstrated effective cell targeting and internalization in CRC cells. In vitro, SHK-Exos surpassed free SHK in inhibiting aggressive cellular behaviors and promoting apoptosis, while in vivo studies showed substantial efficacy in reducing tumor growth with excellent tumor targeting and minimal toxicity. Employing SHK-Exos effectively impedes CRC progression in vitro and in vivo, offering significant therapeutic potential. This research underscores the advantages of using autologous exosomes as a drug carrier, enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity.
Asymptotic stability of rarefaction wave and boundary layer for outflow problem on the viscous vasculogenesis model
*
Authors: Liu Qingqing , Yan Qian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we are concerned with the outflow problem on a simplified viscous vasculogenesis model in the half-line

R

+

. Firstly, we establish the global-in-time asymptotic stability of the rarefaction wave. Secondly, we obtain the unique existence and decay property of the boundary layer by using stable manifold theorem. Moreover, the asymptotic stability and convergence rates of solution towards boundary layer are obtained. The appearance of concentration makes the stationary problem more difficult than Navier–Stokes equations or Navier–Stokes–Poisson equations.
The effect of water tidal flood towards the durability of asphalt concrete wearing course (ac-wc) mixture
Authors: Labaso E R , Arifin S 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study aims to determine the durability of the Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) using conventional asphalt and polymer asphalt due to tidal immersion in sea water. This study uses variations in asphalt content of 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, and 6.5% of the total weight of the aggregate. The polymer used in this research is Styrene Butadine Styrene (SBS) elastomer polymer with a concentration of 2% and 4% by weight of asphalt in the asphalt mixture. In seawater immersion, the value of ERS H1 = 0 cm is 87.876%, H2 = 20 cm is 85.960%, H3 = 40 cm is 84.012 %, %, H4 = 40 cm (Laboratory Water) is 93.218%, H5 = 40 cm Polymer 2% is 93.166%, and the height of the immersion H6 = 40 cm 4% polymer is 94.073%. The value of Durability Index H1 = 0 cm is 12.124%, H2 = 20 cm is 14.040%, H3 = 30 cm is 15.988%, H4 = 40 cm (Laboratory Water) is 6.782 %, H5 = 40 cm Polymer 2% is 6.834 % and H6 = 40 cm Polymer 4% of 5.927%. The percentage decrease in residual strength of the immersion height H1 = 0 cm by 24.360 %, H2 = 20 cm by 25.592%, H3 = 40 cm by 30.750 % H4 = 40 cm (Laboratory Water) by 13.528% H5 = 40 cm Polymer 2% by 15.990% H6 = 40 cm Polymer 4%. The amount of damage to an asphalt concrete mixture in seawater immersion is due to the presence of salt in seawater which results in the bonding of an aggregate of asphalt concrete mixture in seawater immersion becoming very weak and reduced, so that all pores in the asphalt concrete mixture submerged in seawater are filled with more water. water. Therefore, the asphalt concrete mixture in seawater immersion has the potential to reduce durability.
Activity of mosquito coils from the solid waste of patchouli (pogostemon cablin benth) with addition of torch ginger (etlingera elatior) flower
Authors: Khatimah H , Walanda D K , Poba D , Ratman  , Afadil  
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Mosquito coils are one type of insecticide used by the community. In this study, the mosquito coils were prepared from solid waste from patchouli (Pogostemon cablin benth) with the addition of torch ginger flower extract as a fragrance and tapioca as an adhesive. It is known that patchouli waste still contains active compounds that act as repellents. This study aims to determine the activity of patchouli solid waste that was converted into mosquito repellent by utilizing ginger flower extract and to determine the durability of mosquito repellent by conducting a burn test. The parameters observed included burn duration test, water content test, unit weight, LT50 test, and FTIR test. The results showed that the burning time of mosquito repellent was 2 hours and 24 minutes, the water content was 0.5518%, and the unit weight of mosquito repellent was 4.66 grams.
Understanding Food Waste Awareness And Behaviour Among University Students: A Descriptive Analysis
Authors: Hadi Suryadi , Zahra Femilia , Koedio Richaldito 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Food waste is a significant global issue impacting the environment, economy, and society. Our study, conducted among students in the Department of Management at Tadulako University, employs surveys and interviews to explore their views on food waste. This study aims to create a diverse dataset capturing their awareness of food waste, its causes, and potential solutions. The descriptive analysis reveals a range of attitudes and behaviors among students. Many are aware of food waste and express concern for its environmental impact. However, this awareness doesn’t always translate into action, as some still discard edible food items. This research provides valuable insights into the attitudes and behaviors of university students regarding food waste, contributing to our understanding of the issue. Applying descriptive analysis techniques, we meticulously document the current state of food waste knowledge and behaviors among students. This not only identifies potential areas for targeted interventions but also suggests regulatory reforms. Leveraging these findings, we can actively engage students in the fight against food waste, fostering more effective strategies for a sustainable food system. In contributing to the academic discourse, our research offers a detailed understanding of how awareness, attitudes, and behaviors intersect concerning food waste among university students.
The Effect of Bathymetry Changes on The Palu Bay Coastline Post Tsunami 2018
Authors: Setiyawan  , Saparuddin  , Yunar Alifi , Estiana  , Nadia Desyanti 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
As a result of the disaster on September 28 2018, significant changes occurred in the coastal area of Palu Bay. These changes have caused other problems in the coastal area of Palu Bay, including changes in the coastline and subsidence of parts of the land along the coast of Palu Bay and causing the potential for tidal flooding. Taman Ria Beach is one of the beaches located on the coast of Palu City, Central Sulawesi, where along the beach there are residential areas, hotels, shopping centers and community recreation areas with very high community activity. Based on the impact caused by the Tsunami disaster, it has indicated that there has been a change in the coastline in the coastal area of Taman Ria Beach, Palu City, Central Sulawesi. So the Taman Ria Coastline experienced quite significant changes due to coastline shifts and abrasion, based on the results ofGoogle Earth In 2018, the maximum abrasion that occurred was 58.19 meters and the minimum abrasion was 1.02 meters. Therefore, to solve the problem of coastline changes, it is necessary to conduct research and develop models to predict coastline change patterns using the GENESIS software numerical model (Generalized Model for Simulating Shoreline Change). The aim of this research is to determine changes in the Taman Ria Beach line in the next 5-10 years using GENESIS software. The method in this research is GENESIS, a numerical simulation model software designed to predict coastline changes and modeling coastline changes using two scenarios, namely scenario 1 without any coastal protection buildings and scenario 2 with coastal protection buildings.seawall. Simulations of coastline changes that occur at Taman Ria Beach show that coastline changes occur in the form of accretion and abrasion along the coastline. 5 year simulation results of coastline changes in scenario 1 maximum accretion of 7.95 m and maximum abrasion of -6.8 m in scenario 2 maximum accretion of 3.65 m and maximum abrasion of -2.45 m. And the 10 year simulation results of coastline changes in scenario 1 maximum accretion of 13.75 m and maximum abrasion of -12.5 m in scenario 2 maximum accretion of 5.5 m and maximum abrasion of -2.5 m.
A numerical study on the influence of geometric cell configurations over the thermal performance in a lithium-ion battery module
Authors: Paccha-Herrera Edwin , Medina-Sisalima Alexis , Tapia-Peralta Darwin , Solórzano-Castillo Byron , Gómez-Peña Julio , Coronel-Villavicencio Iván 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries are used in many applications and their performance can be seriously affected by the operation temperature. In this paper, a numerical approach is employed to evaluate the thermal performance of three different cell configurations in a battery module. Sixteen cylindrical 18650 LIBs were discharged under 1C, 2C, 3C and 4C-rate at 1 m/s and 2 m/s airflow. Numerical simulations were implemented using ANSYS Fluent software. Findings evidence that there exists different thermal behaviour in the battery module associated with the cell arrangement and the location of the inlet and outlet airflow in on the LIB module case. The maximum cell temperature was 64.88 °C, reached at 4C for cells arranged in a rhombus pattern under 1 m/s air speed, and the minimum temperature was 28.10 °C at 1C for a triangular arrangement of cells with air cooling under 2 m/s. The location of the inlet and outlet airflow influences the cooling process of the battery module.
A Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication System using ZigBee
Authors: Sarango Aaron , Vásquez Génesis , Torres Renato 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Vehicular communication is a promising technology on the rise, holding the promise of enhancing road safety through the facilitation of communication among vehicles and with the road infrastructure. This article introduces a communication model for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) interactions, utilizing the ZigBee wireless communication protocol. The implementation involves the creation of a sensor network where information is exchanged among the connected vehicles. The prototype was easy to implement in vehicles due to its modular design and was subjected to experimental road tests to check the system efficiency, communication range and data exchange. The test results showed that the prototype is capable of reliably and efficiently exchange data between the vehicles over distances greater than 300 meters, exceeding the general limits associated with the ZigBee protocol. In addition, the prototype was able to warn the driver of potential road hazards and possible collisions at intersections. The findings of this research project demonstrate the potential of ZigBee technology for the development of V2V systems. However, further research is required to develop and validate more robust and scalable vehicular communication prototypes.
Emissions estimation model based on construction characteristics of M1 vehicles, case of Cuenca-Ecuador
Authors: Rivera Néstor , Molina Juan , Angamarca William , Avila Jhoan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study presents a model of pollutant emissions (CO, CO2, and HC) based on the construction characteristics of different vehicle models in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. For this purpose, information on the most representative M1 category vehicles in the city was collected from the Vehicle Technical Inspection (RTV) database. The correlation between different variables such as year of manufacture, vehicle weight, RPM at maximum torque, maximum torque, cylinder capacity, and pollutant emissions was analyzed. Also, emission factors were calculated for the most popular vehicles and the level of uncertainty of the study was determined as category B. The results obtained indicate that the year of manufacture is the construction variable that has the greatest influence on vehicle emissions. It was observed that, at 800 RPM, the year of manufacture influences a 43% increase in CO emissions, while, at 2500 RPM, emissions increase to 59%. In the case of CO2, an increase of 54% was observed at 2500 RPM, while, for HC at 800 RPM, the increase was 52%. However, by increasing the speed to 2500 RPM, emissions decrease to 30%. In addition, it was found that the gear change directly influences the amount of vehicle emissions; annual CO2 emissions are higher in the third and fifth gears due to the time the vehicles circulate in these gears. Finally, it was identified that the Brand 2, Model A and Brand 1, Model F vehicles generate the highest amount of annual CO emissions.
Use of Impedance Cardiography to Guide Blood Pressure Lowering Medication Selection: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Viera Anthony J , Hart Lauren , Gomez Altamirano Pedro , Tuttle Brandi , Price Ashley , Sherwood Andrew 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Blood pressure (BP) control can be difficult to attain due to multiple factors, including choosing and titrating antihypertensive medications. Measurement of hemodynamic parameters using impedance cardiography (ICG) at the point of care may allow better alignment of medication with the mechanism(s) underlying an individual’s hypertension. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of ICG compared to usual care for attainment of BP control.

METHODS
We searched Medline inclusive of the year 1946 to January 31, 2024, using a combination of MeSH terms and keywords. English-language articles were eligible for inclusion if they described results of a randomized controlled trial designed to compare ICG-guided BP-medication selection to usual care (i.e., clinician judgment/guidelines-based alone) among a sample of hypertensive patients.

RESULTS
Of 1,952 titles screened, 6 trials met inclusion criteria. The first was published in 2002 from a specialty clinic in the United States, and the most recent in 2021 from a specialty clinic in China. One trial was conducted in a primary care setting. Sample sizes ranged from 102 to 164. Participants randomized to ICG-guided antihypertensive medication had reduced BP in the short-term to a greater extent than those randomized to usual care, with odds ratios for BP control (&lt;140/90 mm Hg) at 3 months ranging from 1.87 to 2.92. This effect was seen in both specialty clinics and in a primary care setting.

CONCLUSIONS
Incorporation of ICG in the clinical setting may facilitate medication selection that leads to a greater proportion of patients obtaining BP control in the short term.
Clinical and economic burden of suspected thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in US hospitals
Authors: Xing Shan , Bullano Michael , Hale Sarah , Lokhandwala Tasneem , Murty Sharanya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Severe ADAMTS13 deficiency (activity &lt;10%) is the diagnostic threshold for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and is associated with various clinical symptoms, abnormal laboratory results, and long-term complications.

Methods
This retrospective, noninterventional cohort study used the Premier Healthcare Database to identify patients with ADAMTS13 activity of &lt;10% in US hospitals from January 1, 2016, through March 31, 2020. The objective was to describe patient characteristics, laboratory results, comorbidities (as measured by the Elixhauser comorbidity index), symptoms, length of stay, treatment patterns, mortality, inpatient costs, and readmission rates (summarized descriptively). Inpatient costs were calculated as total cost to the hospital.

Results
There were 211 patients with severe ADAMTS13 deficiency; 89% of patients had a TTP-related diagnosis, of whom 62% had a primary diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathy. Over 80% of patients with available data had a decreased platelet count and elevated lactate dehydrogenase; schistocytes were detected in 99%. The most prevalent symptoms/complications were neurological, bleeding, and pain. Most patients (86%) had 2 or more Elixhauser comorbidities. Over 80% of patients received 1 or more TTP-related treatments, mostly plasma exchange. The mean length of stay was 11.5 days; 5% of patients died during their stay. Readmission rates at 30, 60, and 90 days were 20%, 26%, and 28%, respectively. The median (interquartile range) total inpatient cost to the hospital throughout the index admission was $33,221 ($19,431-$64,901).

Conclusion
Patients with severe ADAMTS13 deficiency have substantial clinical burden, have high mortality and readmission rates, and generate high costs for hospitals. There is a high need for a therapy that replaces ADAMTS13, thus addressing the root cause of the symptoms and complications caused by this deficiency.
A national survey of medication utilization for cardiac resuscitation in the emergency department: A survey of emergency medicine pharmacists
Authors: Ray Lance , Acquisto Nicole M , Coralic Zlatan , Feldman Ryan , Mercer Kevin , Zimmerman David E , Howington Gavin T , Slocum Giles W , Faine Brett , Rech Megan A 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Vasoactive medications are used during advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) to shunt oxygenated blood to vital organs and after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) to maintain hemodynamic goals. However, limited evidence exists to support vasoactive medication recommendations in such scenarios, and it is unknown how practices vary among emergency departments across the US.

Methods
A survey questionnaire (15 questions) was electronically distributed to emergency medicine pharmacists (EMPs) in the US through various professional listservs. Demographic information, American Heart Association ACLS algorithm medication use, and use of continuous vasopressor infusions and adjunct medications following ROSC were assessed and are reported descriptively.

Results
The survey was distributed to 764 EMPs, with a 23% response rate from a wide geographic distribution and 48% of respondents practicing in academic medical centers. Epinephrine dosing and administration during cardiac arrest were reported by most to be in accordance with ACLS cardiac arrest algorithms. Calcium, magnesium sulfate, and sodium bicarbonate were the most common adjunct intravenous medications given during cardiac arrest. Norepinephrine was the first-choice vasopressor (81%) for post-ROSC hypotension, while epinephrine was preferred less frequently (17%). Antibiotics and sodium bicarbonate were the most frequently administered post-ROSC adjunct medications.

Conclusion
This survey of a geographically diverse group of EMPs demonstrated high ACLS algorithm adherence for epinephrine during cardiac arrest with frequent additional administration of nonalgorithm medications. Sodium bicarbonate and calcium were the most frequently administered adjunct medications during cardiac arrest, while sodium bicarbonate and antibiotics were the most frequently used adjunct medications following ROSC. Norepinephrine was the most commonly used vasopressor following ROSC.
Legal Innovation through a Biographical Lens: Antonio Cassese and the European Tradition
Authors: Donaldson Megan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This symposium introduction reflects on themes of tradition and innovation in the work of Antonio (‘Nino’) Cassese. These themes were central to Cassese’s own thinking, in ways drawn out by the three symposium articles on aspects of his life and work, and they play important roles in international law more broadly. In exploring these themes in a loosely biographical inquiry, the introduction also poses questions about the nature of biographical writing in international law and its relation to memorialization and historicization of law’s recent past.