bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The return of industrial policy in data
Authors: Evenett Simon , Jakubik Adam , Martín Fernando , Ruta Michele 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces the New Industrial Policy Observatory (NIPO) data set and documents emergent patterns of policy intervention during 2023 associated with the return of industrial policy. The data show that the recent wave of new industrial policy activity is primarily driven by advanced economies and that subsidies are the most employed instrument. Trade restrictions on imports and exports are more frequently used by emerging market and developing economies. Strategic competitiveness is the dominant motive governments give for these measures, but other objectives such as climate change, resilience and national security are on the rise. In exploratory regressions, we find that implemented measures are correlated with the past use of measures by other governments in the same sector, pointing to the tit‐for‐tat nature of industrial policy. Furthermore, domestic political economy factors and macroeconomic conditions correlate with the use of industrial policy measures. We intend for the NIPO to be a publicly available resource to help monitor the evolution and effects of industrial policies.
Bridging Data Gaps: A Federated Learning Approach to Heat Emission Prediction in Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Lei Rong , Guo Y. B. , Yan Jiwang , Guo Weihong “Grace” 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Deep learning has impacted defect prediction in additive manufacturing (AM), which is important to ensure process stability and part quality. However, its success depends on extensive training, requiring large, homogeneous datasets—remaining a challenge for the AM industry, particularly for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The unique and varied characteristics of AM parts, along with the limited resources of SMEs, hamper data collection, posing difficulties in the independent training of deep learning models. Addressing these concerns requires enabling knowledge sharing from the similarities in the physics of the AM process and defect formation mechanisms while carefully handling privacy concerns. Federated learning (FL) offers a solution to allow collaborative model training across multiple entities without sharing local data. This article introduces an FL framework to predict section-wise heat emission during laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), a vital process signature. It incorporates a customized long short-term memory (LSTM) model for each client, capturing the dynamic AM process's time-series properties without sharing sensitive information. Three advanced FL algorithms are integrated—federated averaging (FedAvg), FedProx, and FedAvgM—to aggregate model weights rather than raw datasets. Experiments demonstrate that the FL framework ensures convergence and maintains prediction performance comparable to individually trained models. This work demonstrates the potential of FL-enabled AM modeling and prediction where SMEs can improve their product quality without compromising data privacy.
Improving Terrain Adaptability and Compliance in Closed-Chain Leg: Design, Control, and Testing
Authors: Han Chengleng , Xu Lin , Abdelkareem Mohamed A. A. , Mi Jia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study investigates a novel design of a reconfigurable closed-chain leg for hexapod robot with enhanced terrain adaptability. A length adjustable hydraulic cylinder is incorporated into the Theo Jansen linkage in the proposed reconfigurable closed-chain leg, allowing for flexible trajectory by adjusting the length of the hydraulic cylinder. Kinematic model and system dynamics are analyzed considering the multi-body dynamics of the proposed system. To actively adapt to different terrains with flexible footprints, a variable-domain sliding mode control strategy to adjust the length of hydraulic cylinder is investigated and compared with other control strategies. Meanwhile, an active compliant control strategy of the driving motor is analyzed and deployed to improve the stability and compliance during walking. A prototype was fabricated and tested under various configurations. Results demonstrate that the variable-domain sliding mode control algorithm exhibits fast convergence, robustness, and smooth signals for hydraulic cylinder. In addition, the proposed active compliant control strategy of the driving motor can reduce the impact force and ensure stable equilibrium during walking. Therefore, the proposed reconfigurable closed-chain leg can enhance the terrain adaptability and enrich the applications of closed-chain legged robots.
mSphere of Influence: Metabolic redundancies enhance pathogenesis
Authors: Lehman McKenzie K. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

McKenzie Lehman works in the field of bacterial pathogenesis and metabolism. In this mSphere of Influence article, she reflects on how three papers entitled “Glycolytic dependency of high-level nitric oxide resistance and virulence in
Staphylococcus aureus”
by N. P. Vitko, N. A. Spahich, and A. R. Richardson (mBio 6:e00045-15, 2015,
https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00045-15
), “The
Staphylococcus aureus
cystine transporters TcyABC and TcyP facilitate nutrient sulfur acquisition during infection” by J. M. Lensmire, J. P. Dodson, B. Y. Hsueh, M. R. Wischer, et al. (Infect Immun 88:e00690-19, 2020,
https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.00690-19
), and “The second messenger c-di-AMP inhibits the osmolyte uptake system OpuC in
Staphylococcus aureus
” by C. F. Schuster, L. E. Bellows, T. Tosi, I. Campeotto, et al. (Sci Signal 16:ra81, 2016,
https://doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.aaf7279
) impacted her work on bacterial metabolism and pathogenesis.
Decreased susceptibility to viscosin in
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Winther Anja Ruud , Salehian Zhian , Bøe Cathrine Arnason , Nesdal Malene , Håvarstein Leiv Sigve , Kjos Morten , Straume Daniel 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Growing numbers of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant
Streptococcus pneumoniae
strains are a major concern for healthcare systems that will require new antibiotics for treatment as well as preventative measures that reduce the number of infections. Lipopeptides are antimicrobial molecules, of which some are used as antibiotics, including the last resort antibiotics daptomycin and polymyxins. Here we have studied the antimicrobial effect of the cyclic lipopeptide viscosin on
S. pneumoniae
growth and morphology. Most lipopeptides function as surfactants that create pores in membrane layers, which is regarded as their main antimicrobial activity. We show that viscosin can inhibit growth of
S. pneumoniae
without disintegration of the cytoplasmic membrane. Instead, the cells developed abnormal shapes and misplaced new division sites. The cell wall of these bacteria appeared less dense in electron microscopy images, suggesting that viscosin interfered with normal cell wall synthesis. Corroborating this observation, a luciferase reporter assay was used to show that the two-component systems LiaFSR and CiaRH, which are known to be activated upon cell wall stress, were strongly induced by viscosin. Furthermore, a mutant displaying 1.8-fold decreased susceptibility to viscosin was generated by sequential exposure to increasing concentrations of the lipopeptide. The mutant suffered from significant fitness loss and had mutations in genes involved in fatty acid synthesis, teichoic acid synthesis, and cell wall synthesis as well as transcription and translation. How these mutations might be linked to decreased viscosin susceptibility is discussed.

IMPORTANCE

Streptococcus pneumoniae
is a leading cause of bacterial pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis in children, and the incidence of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant strains is increasing. Development of new antibiotics is therefore necessary to treat these types of infections in the future. Here, we have studied the activity of the antimicrobial lipopeptide viscosin on
S. pneumoniae
and show that in addition to having the typical membrane destabilizing activity of lipopeptides, viscosin inhibits pneumococcal growth by obstructing normal cell wall synthesis. This suggests a more specific mode of action than just the surfactant activity. Furthermore, we show that
S. pneumoniae
does not easily acquire resistance to viscosin, which makes it a promising molecule to explore further, for example, by synthesizing less toxic derivates that can be tested for therapeutic potential.
Development of the DONOR prediction model on the risk of hypertensive complications in oocyte donation pregnancy: study protocol for a multicentre cohort study in the Netherlands
Authors: Lafeber Géraldine C M , Van der Endt Vera H W , Louwers Yvonne , le Cessie Saskia , van der Hoorn Marie-Louise P , Lashley Eileen E L O 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Oocyte donation (OD) pregnancy is accompanied by a high incidence of hypertensive complications, with serious consequences for mother and child. Optimal care management, involving early recognition, optimisation of suitable treatment options and possibly eventually also prevention, is in high demand. Prediction of patient-specific risk factors for hypertensive complications in OD can provide the basis for this. The current project aims to establish the first prediction model on the risk of hypertensive complications in OD pregnancy.

Methods and analysis
The present study is conducted within the DONation of Oocytes in Reproduction project. For this multicentre cohort study, at least 541 OD pregnancies will be recruited. Baseline characteristics and obstetric data will be collected. Additionally, one sample of maternal peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood after delivery or a saliva sample from the child will be obtained, in order to determine the number of fetal–maternal human leucocyte antigen mismatches. Following data collection, a multivariate logistic regression model will be developed for the binary outcome hypertensive complication ‘yes’ and ‘no’. The Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool will be used as guide to minimise the risk of bias. The study will be reported in line with the ‘Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis’ guideline. Discrimination and calibration will be determined to assess model performance. Internal validation will be performed using the bootstrapping method. External validation will be performed with the ‘DONation of Oocytes in Reproduction individual participant data’ dataset.

Ethics and dissemination
This study is approved by the Medical Ethics Committee LDD (Leiden, Den Haag, Delft), with protocol number P16.048 and general assessment registration (ABR) number NL56308.058.16. Further results will be shared through peer-reviewed journals and international conferences.
Health professionals implicit bias of patients with low socioeconomic status (SES) and its effects on clinical decision-making: a scoping review
Authors: Job Claire , Adenipekun Bami , Cleves Anne , Gill Paul , Samuriwo Ray 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesResearch indicates that people with lower socioeconomic status (SES) receive inferior healthcare and experience poorer health outcomes compared with those with higher SES, in part due to health professional (HP) bias. We conducted a scoping review of the impact of HP bias about SES on clinical decision-making and its effect on the care of adults with lower SES.DesignJBI scoping review methods were used to perform a systematic comprehensive search for literature. The scoping review protocol has been published inBMJ Open.Data sourcesMedline, Embase, ASSIA, Scopus and CINAHL were searched, from the first available start date of the individual database to March 2023. Two independent reviewers filtered and screened papers.Eligibility criteriaStudies of all designs were included in this review to provide a comprehensive map of the existing evidence of the impact of HP bias of SES on clinical decision-making and its effect on the care for people with lower SES.Data extraction and synthesisData were gathered using an adapted JBI data extraction tool for systematic scoping reviews.ResultsSixty-seven papers were included from 1975 to 2023. 35 (73%) of the included primary research studies reported an association between HP SES bias and decision-making. Thirteen (27%) of the included primary research studies did not find an association between HP SES bias and decision-making. Stereotyping and bias can adversely affect decision-making when the HP is fatigued or has a high cognitive load. There is evidence of intersectionality which can have a powerful cumulative effect on HP assessment and subsequent decision-making. HP implicit bias may be mitigated through the assertiveness of the patient with low SES.ConclusionHP decision-making is at times influenced by non-medical factors for people of low SES, and assumptions are made based on implicit bias and stereotyping, which compound or exacerbate health inequalities. Research that focuses on decision-making when the HP has a high cognitive load, would help the health community to better understand this potential influence.
Efficacy of MRI-guided rTMS for post-traumatic stress disorder by modulating amygdala activity: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Yaochi , Peng Zhengwu , Tang Nailong , Zhang Yuyu , Liu Nian , Lv Runxin , Meng Yumeng , Cai Min , Wang Huaning 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent and severe psychiatric disorder. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex provides limited relief for symptoms of PTSD. This study will be conducted to validate the efficacy of MRI-guided rTMS in targeting the sites most closely associated with the amygdala for patients with PTSD. We hypothesise that the intervention will improve clinical symptoms by decreasing amygdala activity in patients.Methods and analysisA randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled trial will be conducted. Forty-eight eligible patients with PTSD will be randomly assigned to receive either active or sham MRI-guided rTMS for 10 consecutive days after the initial MRI scans. MRI scans will be recollected at the end of the intervention. Clinical assessments will be performed at baseline, treatment day 5, treatment day 10, and 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks after completion of the intervention to monitor changes in clinical symptoms. The primary assessment outcome is the change in PTSD symptoms between baseline and treatment day 10, as measured by the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5. Repeated measures analysis of variance will be performed using statistical software SPSS V.26.0. The significance level will be set at 0.05.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the Ethics Committee of Xijing Hospital in Xi'an, China (KY20222176-X-1), and the trial has been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. The findings of this trial will be disseminated at academic conferences or published in peer-reviewed scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT05544110.
Twenty-year trajectories of morbidity in individuals with and without osteoarthritis
Authors: Dell'Isola Andrea , Recenti Filippo , Englund Martin , Kiadaliri Ali 
Published: July 2024

Objectives
To identify multimorbidity trajectories over 20 years among incident osteoarthritis (OA) individuals and OA-free matched references.

Methods
Cohort study using prospectively collected healthcare data from the Skåne region, Sweden (~1.4 million residents). We extracted diagnoses for OA and 67 common chronic conditions. We included individuals aged 40+ years on 31 December 2007, with incident OA between 2008 and 2009. We selected references without OA, matched on birth year, sex, and year of death or moving outside the region. We employed group-based trajectory modelling to capture morbidity count trajectories from 1998 to 2019. Individuals without any comorbidity were included as a reference group but were not included in the model.

Results
We identified 9846 OA cases (mean age: 65.9 (SD 11.7), female: 58%) and 9846 matched references. Among both cases and references, 1296 individuals did not develop chronic conditions (no-chronic-condition class). We identified four classes. At the study outset, all classes exhibited a low average number of chronic conditions (≤1). Class 1 had the slowest progression towards multimorbidity, which increased progressively in each class. Class 1 had the lowest count of chronic conditions at the end of the follow-up (mean: 2.9 (SD 1.7)), while class 4 had the highest (9.6 (2.6)). The presence of OA was associated with a 1.29 (1.12, 1.48) adjusted relative risk of belonging to class 1 up to 2.45 (2.12, 2.83) for class 4.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that individuals with OA face an almost threefold higher risk of developing severe multimorbidity.
Effect of 3-year amendment measures on coastal saline–alkali soil conditions during the growing season
Authors: Jia Zhaohui , Zhu Lingjun , Shi Yuxuan , Liu Jing , Zeng Jingyi , Ma Shilin , Li Chong , Wu Yingkang , Leng Huimei , Liu Xin , Zhang Jinchi 
Published: July 2024

Seawater intrusion and fluctuations in the water table in coastal areas lead to seasonal variations in soil salinity and pH, which greatly limit the development of coastal protection forests. In a 3-year field study, the impact of five soil amendment measures were evaluated on soil conditions in coastal areas. Amendments included biochar, biochar with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), straw with AMF, straw alone, and AMF alone, compared to a control (CK) with no additive. Results indicated that combinations of straw, biochar, and AMF reduced soil pH across various layers and seasons, with electrical conductivity mainly decreasing in spring. During the summer, at the 0–20 cm soil depth, microbial biomass carbon notably increased due to these mixtures. Additionally, AMF alone and biochar with AMF significantly improved enzyme activities in the 0–40 cm layer in spring, while in fall, AMF alone notably increased nutrient availability in the same layer. Linear regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between electrical conductivity, microbial biomass carbon, enzyme activity, and nutrient availability with pH. The biochar–AMF mixture emerged as the most effective soil amendment, suggesting that using it in conjunction with seasonal management could optimize soil health and promote silviculture in coastal regions.
Random uptake of nanoparticles by cells and negative binomial distributions of pits
Authors: Sholokhov Vladimir , Alexandrov Dmitri V. , Makoveeva Eugenya V. , Nikishina Margarita A. , Shur Vladimir Y. , Shishkina Ekaterina V. , Sutunkova Marina P. , Minigalieva Ilzira A. , Ryabova Yulia V. , Privalova Larisa I. , Fedotov Sergei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on a key experimental observation concerning the random internalization of nanoparticles by cells: the occurrence of over-dispersion in nanoparticle uptake which can be characterized by a negative binomial distribution. We compare the well-known distribution with the empirical distribution of pits on the surface of an alveolar macrophage. We find that a negative binomial distribution provides the accurate curve-fit model for the observed pit distribution.
Prediction of Buckyballs’ physical properties using Sombor index
Authors: Kauser Anam , Sheikh Umber , Pincak Richard , Pudlak Michal 
Published: July 2024

Buckyballs are closed spherical carbon cages which are beneficial in several industries. Their chemical graphs provide structural invariants called topological invariants. This study is devoted to investigating the relation between degree-based topological index called Sombor index and physical properties of buckyballs. The sample contains buckyballs consisting of 54, 58, 60, 70, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86 and 90 carbon atoms. The topological indices with degree bases can be used to display the physical characteristics of buckyballs. The numerical values of topological indices describe the topological structure of a molecule. The physical properties include binding energy, Ramsauer–Townsend effect (RT-1, RT-2), shape resonances (SR-1, SR-2), and heat of formation of buckyballs.
YAP1 Suppression by ZDHHC7 Is Associated with Ferroptosis Resistance and Poor Prognosis in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Furutake Yoko , Yamaguchi Ken , Yamanoi Koji , Kitamura Sachiko , Takamatsu Shiro , Taki Mana , Ukita Masayo , Hosoe Yuko , Murakami Ryusuke , Abiko Kaoru , Horie Akihito , Hamanishi Junzo , Baba Tsukasa , Matsumura Noriomi , Mandai Masaki 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), which has unique clinical characteristics, arises from benign endometriotic cysts, forming an oxidative stress environment because of excess iron accumulation, and exhibits poor prognosis, particularly in advanced stages owing to resistance to conventional therapeutics. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death induced by lipid peroxidation and controlled by Hippo signaling. We hypothesized that overcoming ferroptosis resistance is an attractive strategy because OCCC acquires oxidative stress resistance during its development and exhibits chemoresistant features indicative of ferroptosis resistance. This study aimed to determine whether OCCC is resistant to ferroptosis and clarify the mechanism underlying resistance. Unlike ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma cells, OCCC cells were exposed to oxidative stress. However, OCCC cells remained unaffected by lipid peroxidation. Cell viability assays revealed that OCCC cells exhibited resistance to the ferroptosis inducer erastin. Moreover, Samroc analysis showed that the Hippo signaling pathway was enriched in OCCC cell lines and clinical samples. Furthermore, patients with low expression of nuclear yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) exhibited a significantly poor prognosis of OCCC. Moreover, YAP1 activation enhanced ferroptosis in OCCC cell lines. Furthermore, suppression of zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 7 (ZDHHC7) enhanced ferroptosis by activating YAP1 in OCCC cell lines. Mouse xenograft models demonstrated that ZDHHC7 inhibition suppressed tumor growth via YAP1 activation by erastin treatment. In conclusion, YAP1 activation regulated by ZDHHC7 enhanced ferroptosis in OCCC. Thus, overcoming ferroptosis resistance is a potential therapeutic strategy for OCCC.