bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cascara kombucha potential as a functional food for fasting glucose regulation, cholesterol control, and liver function modulation: in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Phan‐Van Thach , Pham‐Quang Hoa , Do Anh Duy 
Published: August 2024

SummaryUnhealthy dietary patterns are a major contributor to obesity worldwide, leading to various adverse metabolic effects such as elevated liver enzyme levels and increased cholesterol concentrations. This study investigates the potential of cascara kombucha as a functional beverage to provide health benefits in both in vitro and in vivo models. Our results indicate that kombucha fermentation enhances the bioactive compounds in cascara, including polyphenols and flavonoids. The in vitro study found that cascara kombucha effectively decreased free radicals (DPPH and ABTS) levels, α‐amylase, and lipase activity, suggesting its potential to act as an antioxidant and modulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In a mouse model, oral administration of cascara kombucha at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight for 28 days successfully decreased fasting blood glucose levels, improved liver health by reducing aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels, and lowered serum cholesterol content induced by a fat‐enriched diet compared to the untreated group. The levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase, suppressed by the fat‐enriched diet, were restored to normal. Additionally, cascara kombucha downregulated genes associated with inflammation induced by a fat‐enriched diet, including tnf‐α, IL‐6, IL‐1β, and cox‐2. It also positively affected the balance of intestinal microflora in mice by reducing coliform density and enhancing probiotic populations. These findings highlight the potential of cascara kombucha as a promising approach to addressing health issues caused by poor dietary habits and metabolic imbalances.
Changes of coagulation function and platelet parameters in preeclampsia and their correlation with pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Peng Juan , Zhao Quxi , Pang Wei , Li Yanjuan , Dong Xudong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPreeclampsia (PE) is a severe pregnancy complication characterized by significant alterations in coagulation function. This study aims to analyze the correlation between coagulation function, platelet parameters, and pregnancy outcomes in PE patients. Clinical data, along with blood and urine samples, were collected from 168 PE patients and 128 healthy pregnant women. General demographic and laboratory testing data were recorded, and maternal and fetal outcomes were followed up. Data were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and logistic regression analyses. In mild PE patients, thrombin time (p = .000), platelet distribution width (PDW) (p = .000), and clot formation time (p = .000) were increased, while prothrombin time (p = .000) and fibrinogen (p = .045) were reduced. With increasing PE severity, prothrombin time (p = .000), platelet count (PLT) (p = .000), mean platelet volume (MPV) (p = .000), plateletcrit (p = .000), maximum amplitude (MA) (p = .000), and coagulation index (p = .001) decreased, whereas activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (p = .000), thrombin time (p = .002), D‐dimer (p = .026), and PDW (p = .000) increased. Lower prothrombin time (p = .048), PLT (p = .004), and coagulation index (p = .026) or higher APTT (p = .032), thrombin time (p = .044), D‐dimer (p = .023), and PDW (p = .016) were associated with a higher risk of poor pregnancy outcomes. Thrombin time was identified as an independent risk factor (p = .025, OR = 2.918, 95% CI: 1.145–7.436), whereas gestational age was an independent protective factor (p = .000, OR = 0.244, 95% CI: 0.151–0.395). This study demonstrates that specific coagulation and platelet parameters are significantly associated with PE severity and adverse pregnancy outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring coagulation function in PE patients to improve clinical management and outcomes.
Moral nexus of unmet needs and care in person‐centred care for patients with advanced dementia in a multicultural society
Authors: Islam Asmat Ara 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRationalePatients with advanced dementia experience multifaceted vulnerabilities because of their diminished capacities for decision making. The dominant versions of person‐centred care (PCC) emphasise patient preferences and autonomy, which often undermines a recognition of their distinct unfulfilled needs. Determining whether an individual autonomy conception of personhood applies to patients with advanced dementia is morally problematic from various theoretical perspectives and leads to the one‐approach‐fits‐all problem when caring for this patient population.Aims and ObjectivesThe availability of patients' advanced directives varies depending on their cultural backgrounds. The goal of the study is to argue that PCC, with a focus on relational autonomy, should be the first step for caring for patients with advanced dementia.MethodThe study engages in a critical exploration of inclusivity and diversity in ethical thinking within a framework of PCC and uses philosophical argumentation to assess the viability of a relational autonomy conception of PCC.Results and ConclusionBy taking relationality seriously, especially in caring for patients with advanced dementia in a multicultural society, and by considering the moral nexus of unmet needs through the perspective of PCC, we can resolve the problem of one‐approach‐fits‐all in dementia care.
A competency model for basic public health professionals in public health emergencies
Authors: Cai Yujing , Wang Jing , Ding Pinrong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and validate a comprehensive competency model for basic public health professionals to enhance their response to public health emergencies.MethodsStaff working in basic public health institutions such as the Centre for Disease Control, community health services and township health centres were selected as the study population. Through an integrative literature review, structured questionnaire survey (n = 1310), exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, we developed and validated a competency model. Exploratory factor analysis was utilized to extract common factors, and confirmatory factor analysis was employed to establish the model and ensure its robustness.ResultsIdentified competencies by exploratory factor analysis encompass professional and technical skills, medical professionalism, specialized medical knowledge, cognitive and managerial aptitude, public health service competence, emergency response proficiency and physical and mental quality. The model displayed high validity, with a Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin score of 0.933, the χ2 value of Bartlett's test of sphericity was 4169.238 at 889 degrees of freedom (df) (p < 0.001) and the cumulative contribution rate was 60.7%. The confirmatory analysis yielded a final model fit (χ2/df = 2.461) with satisfactory adjusted fit indicators.ConclusionThis validated competency model provides a robust framework for selecting, training and evaluating basic public health professionals, potentially enhancing overall emergency response capabilities.
A PpEIL2/3–PpNAC1–PpWRKY14 module regulates fruit ripening by modulating ethylene production in peach
Authors: Liu Yudi , Xiao Wen , Liao Liao , Zheng Beibei , Cao Yunpeng , Zhao Yun , Zhang Ruo‐Xi , Han Yuepeng 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTWRKY transcription factors play key roles in plant resistance to various stresses, but their roles in fruit ripening remain largely unknown. Here, we report a WRKY gene PpWRKY14 involved in the regulation of fruit ripening in peach. The expression of PpWRKY14 showed an increasing trend throughout fruit development. PpWRKY14 was a target gene of PpNAC1, a master regulator of peach fruit ripening. PpWRKY14 could directly bind to the promoters of PpACS1 and PpACO1 to induce their expression, and this induction was greatly enhanced when PpWRKY14 formed a dimer with PpNAC1. However, the transcription of PpNAC1 could be directly suppressed by two EIN3/EIL1 genes, PpEIL2 and PpEIL3. The PpEIL2/3 genes were highly expressed at the early stages of fruit development, but their expression was programmed to decrease significantly during the ripening stage, thus derepressing the expression of PpNAC1. These results suggested a PpEIL2/3–PpNAC1–PpWRKY14 module that regulates fruit ripening by modulating ethylene production in peach. Our results provided an insight into the regulatory roles of EIN3/EIL1 and WRKY genes in fruit ripening.
Regulation of cryptochrome‐mediated blue light signaling by the ABI4–PIF4 module
Authors: Song Pengyu , Yang Zidan , Wang Huaichang , Wan Fangfang , Kang Dingming , Zheng Wenming , Gong Zhizhong , Li Jigang 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTABSCISIC ACID‐INSENSITIVE 4 (ABI4) is a pivotal transcription factor which coordinates multiple aspects of plant growth and development as well as plant responses to environmental stresses. ABI4 has been shown to be involved in regulating seedling photomorphogenesis; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we show that the role of ABI4 in regulating photomorphogenesis is generally regulated by sucrose, but ABI4 promotes hypocotyl elongation of Arabidopsis seedlings under blue (B) light under all tested sucrose concentrations. We further show that ABI4 physically interacts with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4), a well‐characterized growth‐promoting transcription factor, and post‐translationally promotes PIF4 protein accumulation under B light. Further analyses indicate that ABI4 directly interacts with the B light photoreceptors cryptochromes (CRYs) and inhibits the interactions between CRYs and PIF4, thus relieving CRY‐mediated repression of PIF4 protein accumulation. In addition, while ABI4 could directly activate its own expression, CRYs enhance, whereas PIF4 inhibits, ABI4‐mediated activation of the ABI4 promoter. Together, our study demonstrates that the ABI4–PIF4 module plays an important role in mediating CRY‐induced B light signaling in Arabidopsis.
Disparate and parallel craniofacial climatic adaptations in native populations of Asia, North America, and South America
Authors: Evteev Andrej , Syutkina Taisiya , Grosheva Alexandra , Santos Patrícia , Ghirotto Silvia , Hanihara Tsunehiko , Hubbe Mark , Menéndez Lumila Paula 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the impact that climate had in shaping cranial variation is critical for inferring the evolutionary mechanisms that played a role in human diversification. Here, we provide a comprehensive study aiming to analyze the association between climate and cranial variation of high latitude populations living in temperate to cold environments of Asia, North America, and South America. For this, we compiled a large morphometric dataset (N = 2633), which was combined with climatic and genomic data. We tested the influence of climate on the facial skeleton, nasal protrusion, and cranial vault and through multiple statistical tests at two geographical scales: intracontinental and intercontinental. We show that populations living in cold areas share a morphological pattern characterized by an increase in nasal height, facial and orbital heights and widths, a decrease in facial protrusion, and larger, longer, and lower cranial vaults. There are also distinctive features; populations from north Asia present the tallest noses, largest faces, and cranial vaults of the whole sample. Nasal breadth dimensions show small values in Asians, large values in South Americans, and non‐significant changes in arctic North America. The morphological pattern in populations living at high latitude may be the result of parallel adaptation, as supported by physiological, morphometric, ecological, and genetic explanations, while the differences in magnitude and phenotypic expression could be due to the diverse population histories, severity of climate, and cultural strategies. Overall, our study shows that climate is a relevant factor shaping modern human morphology and it should be considered when studying modern human evolution and diversification.
Early neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants with intraventricular haemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia
Authors: Ng Nicole SC , Razak Abdul , Chandrasekharan Preethi , McLean Glenda , Sackett Vathana , Zhou Lindsay , Pharande Pramod , Malhotra Atul 
Published: August 2024

AimIntraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) in preterm infants are associated with an increased risk of long‐term neurodevelopmental impairments (NDI) and cerebral palsy (CP). However, little is known about their impact on early neurodevelopmental outcomes despite increasing evidence highlighting the feasibility and importance of early NDI/CP diagnosis. We aimed to determine the early neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants with IVH and PVL.MethodsThis was a retrospective single‐centre cohort study of preterm infants born at <29 weeks gestation or <1000 g birth weight who attended an Early Neurodevelopment Clinic at 3 to 4 months of corrected age. Primary outcomes of early NDI and CP/high‐risk CP diagnoses based on Prechtl's General Movements Assessment and the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination were compared between infants without IVH and infants with mild IVH (grades I‐II), severe IVH (grades III‐IV), and severe brain injury (SBI; severe IVH or cystic PVL).ResultsOf 313 infants, 52.1% (n = 163), 41.2% (n = 129), 6.7% (n = 21) and 8.6% (n = 27) had no IVH, mild IVH, severe IVH and SBI, respectively. The adjusted odds of early CP/high‐risk CP diagnosis were significantly higher in infants with severe IVH (aOR 6.07, 95% CI 1.50–24.50) and SBI (aOR 15.28, 95% CI 3.70–63), but not in those with mild IVH (aOR 1.24, 95% CI 0.49–3.10). However, the adjusted odds of any early NDI were similar across groups.ConclusionPreterm infants with severe IVH and SBI are at increased risk of early CP/high‐risk of CP diagnosis at 3 to 4 months of corrected age.
Factors influencing job stress in pediatric nurses during the pandemic period: Focusing on fatigue, pediatric nurse−parent partnership
Authors: Jeon Bo Yeong , Yun Sun Jeong , Kim Hye Young 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing pediatric nurses' job stress, including their level of fatigue and partnerships with the parents of patients. This investigation aimed to findings of this study may lead to the development of strategies to reduce pediatric nurse's job stress.Design and MethodsParticipants were recruited from pediatric, pediatric intensive care, and neonatal intensive care units across seven general hospitals. Eligibility requires a minimum of 6 months of experience in pediatric nursing. The sample size was determined using the G*power program, considering various variables, including age, marital status, presence of children, and work‐related characteristics, leading to a final sample size of 135, adjusted for a 10% dropout rate. Data collection was conducted through self‐report questionnaires, and analysis involved frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t‐tests, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression, using SPSS Statistics 27.0.ResultsThis study confirmed a significant correlation between pediatric nurses' fatigue and job stress, with higher levels of fatigue associated with increased job stress. Stepwise regression analysis showed that fatigue and age were significant predictors of job stress among pediatric nurses, explaining 23% of the variance. However, detailed analysis showed that younger nurses had lower job stress scores compared to older nurses. This result suggests that more experienced nurses may experience higher job stress due to increased responsibilities and emotional burdens.Practice ImplicationsThis study identified the need for effective strategies to manage fatigue and reduce job stress among pediatric nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Younger nurses, particularly those under 25 and between 26 and 30 years old, experience lower job stress compared to older nurses. Comprehensive support systems should be developed, including workload management, emotional support, and programs to enhance partnerships between nurses and parents. These strategies can improve job satisfaction and the quality of care provided to young patients. Additionally, they ensure a more resilient and effective healthcare workforce during pandemics and similar crises.
Genetic Differentiation Between Sympatric Crustacean Decapods Inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea: Implications to Avoid Larval and Adult Misidentification
Authors: Agulló Melania , Heras Sandra , Abras Alba , García‐Marín José Luis , Roldán María Inés 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe conservation of species, especially those with high levels of exploitation and economic interest, relies on the knowledge of their biology and geographical distribution. In the marine realm, similar morphology between species is a common difficulty in identifying sympatric species, especially in early stages of development. Therefore, genetic identification of crustacean species has been shown to be the only way to identify the species. We used a 451‐bp fragment of the 16S rDNA gene to differentiate nine species of decapod crustaceans, five of which are sympatric and heavily exploited in the Mediterranean Sea: Aristeus antennatus (blue and red shrimp), A. virilis (stout red shrimp), A. varidens (striped red shrimp), Aristaeomorpha foliacea (giant red shrimp), Aristaeopsis edwardsiana (scarlet shrimp), Gennadas elegans (graceful blunt‐tail prawn), Gennadas valens (valuable blunt‐tail prawn), Parapenaeus longirostris (deep‐water rose shrimp) and Penaeus kerathurus (camarote prawn). Analysis of the 16S rDNA gene provides clear evidence of genetic differentiation to be used as an easy method to identify these species.
Prevalence of daily family meals among children and adolescents from 43 countries
Authors: López‐Gil José Francisco , Smith Lee , Tully Mark A. , Álvarez‐Pitti Julio , Gómez Santiago F. , Schröder Helmut 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPrevalence studies about family meals, including large and representative samples of children and adolescents on this topic, are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was twofold: first, to determine the prevalence of daily family meals in large and representative samples of school‐going children and adolescents from 43 countries, and second, to identify the sex, age, socioeconomic status (SES), family structure, immigrant status and parental labour market status inequalities associated with this prevalence. Using data from the 2017/2018 wave of the Health Behaviour in School‐aged Children study, a total of 179,991 participants from 43 countries were involved in this cross‐sectional study. Family meals were assessed by the following question: ‘How often do you and your family usually have meals together?’. Participants had five different response options: ‘every day’, ‘most days’, ‘about once a week’, ‘less often’, and ‘never’. The meta package was utilized for conducting a meta‐analysis of single proportions, specifically applying the metaprop function. The analysis involved pooling the data using a random‐effects model and presenting the outcomes through a forest plot generated using the inverse variance method. Moreover, we applied generalized linear mixed models to explore the relationships between the studied sociodemographic factors as fixed effects, country as a random effect and the status of daily family meals as an outcome. Overall, the prevalence of daily family meals was 49.12% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 45.00–53.25). A greater probability of having daily family meals was identified for children aged 10–12 years (61.55%; 95% CI: 57.44%–65.49%), boys (61.55%, 95% CI: 57.44%–65.49%), participants with high SES (64.66%, 95% CI: 60.65%–68.48%), participants with both parents at home (65.05%, 95% CI: 61.16%–68.74%) and those with both unemployed parents (61.55%, 95% CI: 57.44%–65.49%). In the present study, which included large representative samples of school‐going children and adolescents from 43 countries, more than half of the participants did not have daily family meals.
Phenotypic limits of crop diversity: a data exploration of functional trait space
Authors: Rolhauser Andrés G. , Isaac Marney E. , Violle Cyrille , Martin Adam R. , Vasseur François , Lemoine Taina , Mahaut Lucie , Fort Florian , Rotundo José L. , Vile Denis 
Published: August 2024

Summary

Relationships between crop genetic and functional diversity are key to addressing contemporary agricultural challenges. Yet, there are few approaches for quantifying the relationship between genetic diversity and crop functional trait expression. Here, we introduce ‘functional space accumulation curves’ to analyze how trait space increases with the number of crop genotypes within a species.

We explore the potential for functional space accumulating curves to quantify genotype–trait space relationships in four common annual crop species: barley (Hordeum vulgare), rice (Oryza sativa), soybean (Glycine max), and durum wheat (Triticum durum). We also employ these curves to describe genotype–trait space relationships in the wild annual Arabidopsis thaliana, which has not been subjected to artificial selection.

All five species exhibited asymptotic functional space accumulation curves, suggesting a limit to intraspecific functional crop diversity, likely due to: dominant phenotypes represented by several genotypes; or functional redundancy that might exist among genotypes. Our findings indicate that there is a diminishing return of functional diversity with increasing number of genotypes.

Our analysis demonstrates the efficacy of functional space accumulation curves in quantifying trait space occupancy of crops, with implications for managing crop diversity in agroecosystems, and genetic diversity in crop breeding programs.
Revisiting the philosophy of technology and nursing: Time to move beyond romancing resistance or resisting romance
Authors: Bayuo Jonathan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTechnology remains enmeshed in our daily lives and given its continuing presence in clinical practice and rapid technological proliferation; it becomes relevant for nurses to examine techno‐onto‐epistemology in relation to the discipline of nursing. This is critical considering the intersection of technology and nursing remains an area of ongoing discussion revealing a need for further philosophical reflection. To this end, this paper sought to examine the philosophy of technology from the engineering and humanities perspectives to contribute to the discussion regarding its intersection with the onto‐epistemology of nursing. Although technology seems to be constantly present in nursing practice, two opposing perspectives reflecting a love‐hate relationship is highlighted: technological optimism (promotes technology) and technological romanticism (dissuades technology). Based on Mitcham's interpretation of ‘mutual relationship’ and ‘being‐with’, a potential way to break away from the binary perspectives is to view the intersection of/relationship between technology and nursing as being on a continuum rather than entirely monolithic entities. Caring is presented as multidimensional reflecting actions and attitudes. Arguably, some caring actions may intersect with the engineering perspective to suggest that technology can support nurses in their roles, that is, by imitating some of what nurses do, but not to replace them. From the humanities perspective, technology is presented as a way of being with humans exercising control over what technology has to offer. Put together, it is clearly time to break away from the love‐hate relationship between nursing and technology. Although this emphasises a great need to build the technological competency of nurses, there is an even greater call for nurses to reflect on and voice the epistemological, ontological, axiological, and ethical issues that the application of technology raises for the discipline.