bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Luminescent Quadrupolar Borazine Oligomers: Synthesis, Photophysics, and Two‐Photon Absorption Properties
Authors: Chen Pangkuan , Marshall Ariel S. , Chi San‐Hui , Yin Xiaodong , Perry Joseph W. , Jäkle Frieder 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA set of monodisperse bent donor–acceptor–donor‐type conjugated borazine oligomers, BnNn+1 (n=1–4), incorporating electron‐rich triarylamine donor and electron‐deficient triarylborane acceptor units has been prepared through an iterative synthetic approach that takes advantage of highly selective silicon–boron and tin–boron exchange reactions. The effect of chain elongation on the electrochemical, one‐ and two‐photon properties and excited‐state photodynamics has been investigated. Strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from the arylamine donors to boryl‐centered acceptor sites results in emissions with high quantum yields (Φfl>0.5) in the range of 400–500 nm. Solvatochromic effects lead to solvent shifts as large as ∼70 nm for the shortest member (n=1) and gradually decrease with chain elongation. The oligomers exhibit strong two‐photon absorption (2PA) in the visible spectral region with 2PA cross sections as large as 1410 GM (n=4), and broadband excited‐state absorption (ESA) attributed to long‐lived singlet–singlet and radical cation/anion absorption. The excited‐state dynamics also show sensitivity to the solvent environment. Electrochemical observations and DFT calculations (B3LYP/6‐31G*) reveal spatially separated HOMO and LUMO levels resulting in highly fluorescent oligomers with strong ICT character. The BnNn+1 oligomers have been used to demonstrate the detection of cyanide anions with association constants of log K>7.
Identification of Aminoimidazole and Aminothiazole Derivatives as Src Family Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Francini Cinzia Maria , Fallacara Anna Lucia , Artusi Roberto , Mennuni Laura , Calgani Alessia , Angelucci Adriano , Schenone Silvia , Botta Maurizio 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSrc family kinases (SFKs) are a family of non‐receptor tyrosine kinases (TKs) implicated in the regulation of many cellular processes. The aberrant activity of these TKs has been associated with the growth and progression of cancer. In particular, c‐Src is overexpressed or hyperactivated in a variety of solid tumors and is most likely a strong promoting factor for the development of metastasis. Herein, the synthesis of new 4‐aminoimidazole and 2‐aminothiazole derivatives and their in vitro biological evaluation are described for their potential use as SFK inhibitors. Initially, 2‐aminothiazole analogues of dasatinib and 4‐aminoimidazole derivatives were synthesized and tested against the SFKs Src, Fyn, Lyn, and Yes. Five hits were identified as the most promising compounds, with Ki values in the range of 90–480 nm. A combination of molecular docking, homology modeling, and molecular dynamics were then used to investigate the possible binding mode of such compounds within the ATP binding site of the SFKs. Finally, the antiproliferative activities of the best candidates were evaluated against SH‐SY5Y and K562 cell lines. Compound 3 b [2‐(4‐{2‐methyl‐6‐[(5‐phenylthiazol‐2‐yl)amino]pyrimidin‐4‐yl}piperazin‐1‐yl)ethanol] was found to be the most active inhibitor.
Vagal tone during infant contingency learning and its disruption
Authors: Sullivan Margaret Wolan 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThis study used contingency learning to examine changes in infants’ vagal tone during learning and its disruption. The heart rate of 160 five‐month‐old infants was recorded continuously during the first of two training sessions as they experienced an audiovisual event contingent on their pulling. Maternal reports of infant temperament were also collected. Baseline vagal tone, a measure of parasympathetic regulation of the heart, was related to vagal levels during the infants’ contingency learning session, but not to their learner status. Vagal tone levels did not vary significantly over session minutes. Instead, vagal tone levels were a function of both individual differences in learner status and infant soothability. Vagal levels of infants who learned in the initial session were similar regardless of their soothability; however, vagal levels of infants who learned in a subsequent session differed as a function of soothability. Additionally, vagal levels during contingency disruption were significantly higher among infants in this group who were more soothable as opposed to those who were less soothable. The results suggest that contingency learning and disruption is associated with stable vagal tone in the majority of infants, but that individual differences in attention processes and state associated with vagal tone may be most readily observed during the disruption phase. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58: 366–381, 2016.
Neurocognitive Development and Predictors of L1 and L2 Literacy Skills in Dyslexia: A Longitudinal Study of Children 5–11 Years Old
Authors: Helland Turid , Morken Frøydis 
Published: October 2015

The aim of this study was to find valid neurocognitive precursors of literacy development in first language (L1, Norwegian) and second language (L2, English) in a group of children during their Pre‐literacy, Emergent Literacy and Literacy stages, by comparing children with dyslexia and a typical group. Children who were 5 years old at project start were followed until the age of 11, when dyslexia was identified and data could be analysed in retrospect.The children's neurocognitive pattern changed both by literacy stage and domain. Visuo‐spatial recall and RAN appeared as early precursors of L1 literacy, while phonological awareness appeared as early precursor of L2 English. Verbal long term memory was associated with both L1 and L2 skills in the Literacy stage. Significant group differences seen in the Pre‐literacy and Emergent literacy stages decreased in the Literacy stage.The developmental variations by stage and domain may explain some of the inconsistencies seen in dyslexia research. Early identification and training are essential to avoid academic failure, and our data show that visuo‐spatial memory and RAN could be suitable early markers in transparent orthographies like Norwegian. Phonological awareness was here seen as an early precursor of L2 English, but not of L1 Norwegian. © 2015 The Authors. Dyslexia published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
p70S6K1 in the TORC1 pathway is essential for the differentiation of Th17 Cells, but not Th1, Th2, or Treg cells in mice
Authors: Sasaki Carl Y. , Chen Gang , Munk Rachel , Eitan Erez , Martindale Jennifer , Longo Dan L. , Ghosh Paritosh 
Published: October 2015

The TORC1 pathway is necessary for ribosomal biogenesis and initiation of protein translation. Furthermore, the differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells requires TORC1 activity. To investigate the role of the TORC1 pathway in the differentiation of Th1 and/or Th17 cells in more detail, we compared the differentiation capacity of naïve T cells from wild type and p70S6K1 knockout mice. Expression of many of the genes associated with Th17‐cell differentiation, such as IL17a, IL17f, and IL‐23R, were reduced in p70S6K1 knockout mice. In contrast, the development of Th1, Th2, and Treg cells was unaffected in the absence of p70S6K1. Furthermore, expression of the major transcription factor in Th17‐cell differentiation, retinoic acid receptor‐related orphan receptor gamma T, remained unchanged. However, the acetylation of histone 3 at the promoters of IL17a and IL17f was reduced in the absence of p70S6K1. In accordance with the in vitro data, the kinetics, but not the development, of EAE was affected with the loss of p70S6K1 expression. Collectively, our findings suggested that both in vitro and in vivo differentiation of Th17 cells were positively regulated by p70S6K1.
Establishing clinically meaningful severity levels for the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK‐13)
Authors: Neblett R. , Hartzell M.M. , Mayer T.G. , Bradford E.M. , Gatchel R.J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundKinesiophobia is an excessive, irrational and debilitating fear of physical movement and activity resulting from a feeling of vulnerability to painful injury or re‐injury. The Tampa Scale for kinesiophobia (TSK) is a patient‐reported outcome (PRO) measure designed to help identify kinesiophobia. The original version of the TSK had 17 items. A 13‐item version was later found to have better psychometric properties and was used in the present study. Although the TSK‐13 has been widely studied, one shortcoming is the lack of clinically meaningful score categories. The objective of the present study was to develop severity levels to help aid clinical interpretation of TSK‐13 scores.MethodsAfter creating four proposed TSK‐13 severity ranges, a sample of chronic musculoskeletal pain disorder (CMPD) patients (N = 912) was grouped by TSK‐13 scores into: Subclinical (score = 13–22, n = 100; 11%), mild (23–32, n = 271; 30%), moderate (33–42, n = 385; 42%) and severe (43–52, n = 156; 17%) levels of kinesiophobia. These severity groups were then validated by their associations with objective lifting performance (presumed to be highly related to one's level of kinesiophobia) and other PRO questionnaires, assessing depressive symptoms, pain intensity, pain‐related anxiety and perceived disability, which all have been shown in previous research to be associated with TSK scores.ResultsThe TSK‐13 severity level groups were significantly associated with all lifting performance and PRO variables (p < 0.001). As TSK‐13 severity levels increased, lifting performance decreased, while pain intensity, depressive symptoms, pain‐related anxiety and perceived disability increased.ConclusionsTSK‐13 severity levels were strongly associated with objective lifting performance variables and psychosocial PRO measures, providing support for these severity levels as a guideline for healthcare providers and researchers in interpreting TSK‐13 scores.
Transdermal cannabidiol reduces inflammation and pain‐related behaviours in a rat model of arthritis
Authors: Hammell D.C. , Zhang L.P. , Ma F. , Abshire S.M. , McIlwrath S.L. , Stinchcomb A.L. , Westlund K.N. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundCurrent arthritis treatments often have side‐effects attributable to active compounds as well as route of administration. Cannabidiol (CBD) attenuates inflammation and pain without side‐effects, but CBD is hydrophobic and has poor oral bioavailability. Topical drug application avoids gastrointestinal administration, first pass metabolism, providing more constant plasma levels.MethodsThis study examined efficacy of transdermal CBD for reduction in inflammation and pain, assessing any adverse effects in a rat complete Freund's adjuvant‐induced monoarthritic knee joint model. CBD gels (0.6, 3.1, 6.2 or 62.3 mg/day) were applied for 4 consecutive days after arthritis induction. Joint circumference and immune cell invasion in histological sections were measured to indicate level of inflammation. Paw withdrawal latency (PWL) in response to noxious heat stimulation determined nociceptive sensitization, and exploratory behaviour ascertained animal's activity level.ResultsMeasurement of plasma CBD concentration provided by transdermal absorption revealed linearity with 0.6–6.2 mg/day doses. Transdermal CBD gel significantly reduced joint swelling, limb posture scores as a rating of spontaneous pain, immune cell infiltration and thickening of the synovial membrane in a dose‐dependent manner. PWL recovered to near baseline level. Immunohistochemical analysis of spinal cord (CGRP, OX42) and dorsal root ganglia (TNFα) revealed dose‐dependent reductions of pro‐inflammatory biomarkers. Results showed 6.2 and 62 mg/day were effective doses. Exploratory behaviour was not altered by CBD indicating limited effect on higher brain function.ConclusionsThese data indicate that topical CBD application has therapeutic potential for relief of arthritis pain‐related behaviours and inflammation without evident side‐effects.
Aquatic predicted no-effect concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their ecological risks in surface seawater of Liaodong Bay, China
Authors: Wang Ying , Wang Juying , Mu Jingli , Wang Zhen , Cong Yi , Yao Ziwei , Lin Zhongsheng 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a class of ubiquitous pollutants in marine environments, exhibit moderate to high adverse effects on aquatic organisms and humans. However, the lack of PAH toxicity data for aquatic organism has limited evaluation of their ecological risks. In the present study, aquatic predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) of 16 priority PAHs were derived based on species sensitivity distribution models, and their probabilistic ecological risks in seawater of Liaodong Bay, Bohai Sea, China, were assessed. A quantitative structure–activity relationship method was adopted to achieve the predicted chronic toxicity data for the PNEC derivation. Good agreement for aquatic PNECs of 8 PAHs based on predicted and experimental chronic toxicity data was observed (R2 = 0.746), and the calculated PNECs ranged from 0.011 µg/L to 205.3 µg/L. A significant log-linear relationship also existed between the octanol–water partition coefficient and PNECs derived from experimental toxicity data (R2 = 0.757). A similar order of ecological risks for the 16 PAH species in seawater of Liaodong Bay was found by probabilistic risk quotient and joint probability curve methods. The individual high ecological risk of benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benz[a]anthracene needs to be determined. The combined ecological risk of PAHs in seawater of Liaodong Bay calculated by the joint probability curve method was 13.9%, indicating a high risk as a result of co-exposure to PAHs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1587–1593. © 2015 SETAC
Biological responses of Vicia faba seedlings to the imidazolium-based ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride in soil
Authors: Liu Tong , Wang Jinhua , Wang Jun , Zhu Lusheng , Zhang Jun 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Although there are a few studies on the toxicity of ionic liquids (ILs), relatively little is known about their toxic effects on plants in soil. In the present study, the toxic effects of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Hmim]Cl) in the soil on Vicia faba seedlings and the influences of [Hmim]Cl on the physicochemical properties of the soil were studied. Organic matter content, pH, and conductivity of the tested soil were significantly altered at [Hmim]Cl concentrations greater than 1000 mg kg−1. Moreover, shoot length, root length, dry weight, and pigment content of the V. faba seedlings were greatly inhibited when the [Hmim]Cl concentration was greater than 500 mg kg−1. The roots were the most seriously affected organ and stopped growing at 3000 mg kg−1. In addition, [Hmim]Cl caused an increase in the level of reactive oxygen species at [Hmim]Cl concentrations above 250 mg kg−1 that resulted in lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and oxidative stress in the V. faba seedlings. The present study provides information that is useful for evaluation of the environmental safety of ILs in soil. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1502–1510. © 2015 SETAC
Multiple SNP Set Analysis for Genome‐Wide Association Studies Through Bayesian Latent Variable Selection
Authors: Lu Zhao‐Hua , Zhu Hongtu , Knickmeyer Rebecca C. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Williams Stephanie N. , Zou Fei ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe power of genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) for mapping complex traits with single‐SNP analysis (where SNP is single‐nucleotide polymorphism) may be undermined by modest SNP effect sizes, unobserved causal SNPs, correlation among adjacent SNPs, and SNP‐SNP interactions. Alternative approaches for testing the association between a single SNP set and individual phenotypes have been shown to be promising for improving the power of GWAS. We propose a Bayesian latent variable selection (BLVS) method to simultaneously model the joint association mapping between a large number of SNP sets and complex traits. Compared with single SNP set analysis, such joint association mapping not only accounts for the correlation among SNP sets but also is capable of detecting causal SNP sets that are marginally uncorrelated with traits. The spike‐and‐slab prior assigned to the effects of SNP sets can greatly reduce the dimension of effective SNP sets, while speeding up computation. An efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm is developed. Simulations demonstrate that BLVS outperforms several competing variable selection methods in some important scenarios.
Influence of extracapsular nodal spread extent on prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wreesmann Volkert B. , Katabi Nora , Palmer Frank L. , Montero Pablo H. , Migliacci Jocelyn C. , Gönen Mithat , Carlson Diane , Ganly Ian , Shah Jatin P. , Ghossein Ronald , Patel Snehal G. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundAn objective definition of clinically relevant extracapsular nodal spread (ECS) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is unavailable.MethodsPathologic review of 245 pathologically positive oral cavity SCC neck dissection specimens was performed. The presence/absence of ECS, its extent (in millimeters), and multiple nodal and primary tumor risk factors were related to disease‐specific survival (DSS) at a follow‐up of 73 months.ResultsECS was detected in 109 patients (44%). DSS was significantly better for patients without ECS than patients with ECS. Time‐dependent receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis identified a prognostic cutoff for ECS extent at 1.7 mm. In multivariate analyses, DSS was significantly lower for patients with major ECS compared with patients with minor ECS, but not significantly different between patients with minor ECS and patients without ECS.ConclusionECS is clinically relevant in oral cavity SCC when it has extended more than 1.7 mm beyond the nodal capsule. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1192–E1199, 2016
Clinical parameters predicting development of pulmonary malignancies in patients treated for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Madana Jeevanandham , Morand Grégoire B. , Alrasheed Abdulaziz , Gabra Nathalie , Laliberté Frédérick , Barona–Lleó Luz , Yolmo Deeke , Black Martin J. , Sultanem Khalil , Hier Michael P. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundAs the locoregional control rates in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have increased, these patients may suffer distant metastasis in a higher proportion of cases. Clinicopathological characteristics allowing prediction of high‐risk profile would allow adapting posttreatment surveillance to individual risk.MethodsA retrospective review of all patients with HNSCC treated at the Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, between 1999 and 2008 was conducted for this study.ResultsThe study included 428 patients with a mean follow‐up of 65 months (±SEM 1.7). Eighty patients (18.6%) developed pulmonary malignancy during follow‐up. In multivariate Cox‐regression analysis, locoregional failure and current smoking were associated with higher risk of pulmonary malignancy (p < .001 and p = .008, respectively).ConclusionLocoregional failure and smoking persistence are predictors of pulmonary malignancy in patients with HNSCC. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1277–E1280, 2016
Retraction: ‘Amelioration of Osteoporosis and Hypovitaminosis D by Sunlight Exposure in Hospitalized Elderly Women With Alzheimer's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial’
Authors: Sato Yoshihiro , Iwamoto Jun , Kanoko Tomohiro , Satoh Kei 
Published: October 2015

The above article, published online on 4 April 2005 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), and in JBMR Volume 20, Issue 8, pages 1327–1333, together with a subsequent Expression of Concern published online in JBMR on 24 June 2015, has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the Journal Editor in Chief, Juliet Compston, and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The retraction has been agreed due to duplication of text and concerns about the underlying data to which the authors have given no satisfactory response. Dr. Sato acknowledges that his co-authors are named as such for honorary reasons and are not responsible for the content of the manuscript.
References
1. Sato Y, Iwamoto J, Kanoko T, Satoh K. Amelioration of osteoporosis and hypovitaminosis D by sunlight exposure in hospitalized, elderly women with Alzheimer's disease: A randomized controlled trial. J Bone Miner Res. 2005; 20:1327–33. DOI: 10.1359/JBMR.050402.
2. Sato Y, Iwamoto J, Kanoko T, Satoh K. Expression of concern: Amelioration of osteoporosis and hypovitaminosis D by sunlight exposure in hospitalized elderly women with Alzheimer's disease: A randomized controlled trial. J Bone Miner Res. 2015; 30:1745. DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2583.
In situ One‐pot Electrochemical Synthesis of Aluminum Oxide/polyaniline Nanocomposite; Characterization and Its Adsorption Properties towards Some Heavy Metal Ions
Authors: Piri Somayyeh , Piri Farideh , Rajabi Bahare , Ebrahimi Sahar , Zamani Abbasali , Yaftian Mohammad Reza 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAluminum oxide/polyaniline nanocomposite is prepared by a new and one‐pot method including in situ electrooxidation of aluminum and electropolymerization of aniline. The product has been characterized by elemental analysis, FT‐IR spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Micrographs (FESEM), and Transmission Electron Micrographs (TEM) techniques. ICP‐OES was used for determination of aluminum in the prepared nanocomposite. A porous structure of the prepared composite has been shown by FESEM images. TEM of the product confirms the presence of exfoliated aluminum oxide nanofibers. The adsorption potentials of the prepared nanocomposite towards Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+ and Co2+ ions were evaluated in batch adsorption experiments. The results show that the adsorption efficiency is controlled by aqueous phase pH. The experimental data was well interpreted by considering the Langmuir model. The kinetics of the adsorption processes can be well interpreted by pseudo‐second‐order equation.
A Rare Case of Acquired Fanconi's Syndrome With Monoclonal Gammopathy in an Infant
Authors: Castillo Brian , Chang Brian N. , Wahed Amer , Tholpady Ashok 
Published: October 2015

BackgroundMonoclonal gammopathies associated with acquired Fanconi's syndrome (AFS) have been reported in the adult population. AFS is characterized by renal dysfunction resulting in proteinuria, aminoaciduria, hypophosphatemia, glucosuria, and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. In this case report, we document the clinical and laboratory findings of a preterm infant with features of both AFS and monoclonal gammopathy in the urine.MethodsClinical suspicion of AFS prompted the following laboratory studies to be performed: urine protein electrophoresis (UPEP), urine immunofixation, and urine amino acid analysis with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).ResultsUrine amino acid analysis revealed aminoaciduria. On UPEP, nonselective glomerular proteinuria was seen with a faint band in the gamma region. Urine immunofixation confirmed the presence of a monoclonal IgG lambda component with free monoclonal lambda light chains.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of pediatric AFS reported with a monoclonal gammopathy and monoclonal free light chains.