bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2286 – The Difficulty Of Diagnosing Dementia In Patients With Intellectual Disability: Experience From a Uk Memory Clinic
Authors: Sommerlad A. , Dudley A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe prevalence rate of dementia in older adults with intellectual disability (ID) is comparable with that of the general population and is significantly higher in people with Down Syndrome (DS). It is recommended that diagnosis should be made following history, physical and mental state examination, cognitive assessment, blood tests and, ideally, neuroimaging. However, experience suggests that dementia may be underdiagnosed in this patient group thereby restricting access to appropriate management.AimsWe aimed to elucidate the barriers to a timely diagnosis of dementia in the ID population attending a specialised ID memory clinic in London, UK.MethodsWe conducted a service review of the Clinic, retrospectively reviewing the records of all patients seen in 2011 to assess attendance and diagnosis rate, co-morbid physical and mental illness and the completion of neuroimaging and blood tests.Results32 patients were seen at least once during 2011 in the memory clinic, of whom 11 (34%) received a diagnosis of dementia. 22 (69%) of those seen had DS and 18 (56%) were male. 12 (38%) patients have thyroid dysfunction and 8 (25%) have epilepsy. 23 patients had completed a DLD in the past year and 14 (44%) had completed more than one DLD. 12 (38%) patients had a previous brain scan and 27 (84%) patients had had blood tests in the previous year.ConclusionsComorbid physical illnesses, consistent attendance at appointments, access to psychological assessment and willingness to undergo neuroimaging and phlebotomy are significant barriers to diagnosis of dementia in patients with ID.
2289 – Integration Of Emotions Towards Decision-making: Behavioural Performances Of Ocd Patients And Their Meg Correlates Compared To Healthy Controls
Authors: Lerebours A.-E. , Haynes W.I.A. , N’Diaye K. , Mallet L. 
Published: July 2013

Obsessive compulsive disorder is characterised by repetitive behaviour, which is most often repetitive checking. Literature has suggested that these may be due to a lack of cognitive control on automated behavioural patterns. This can be interpreted as a dysfunction of behavioural selection by cortico-basal ganglionic loops. More precisely, we hypothesise that this dysfunction is due to a modification of decisional thresholds.OCD patients show modifications in a circuit involving the frontal cortex and basal ganglia. Therefore, modifications in the decisional threshold and faulty behavioural selection could be due to altered integration of limbic and associative information coded by prefrontal areas.To this aim, we compared behavioural performances of 20 OCD patients and 20 healthy volunteers on a decision-making task. This task included different difficulty levels (associative information), different emotional primes (IAPS) and feedback (limbic information). We hypothesised a lesser variability of the decisional threshold in patients, as well as less interaction between limbic and associative information. These would be linked to modifications in the power spectrum of prefrontal electrophysiological activities.
2294 – Treatment Induced Hyperprolactinemia In Psychotic Patients
Authors: Dehelean L. , Dehelean P. , Zosin I. , Stefan E.D. , Vasilian C.C. , Sfat D.C. , Giurgi-Oncu C. , Balas M. , Golu I. , Dumitrascu V. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundImportant reciprocal relationships exist between the central nervous, the endocrine and the immune systems.ObjectivesThe main objective was the quantitative determination of prolactin levels in acute and remitted psychotic patients receiving conventional and atypical antipsychotic treatment. Possible correlations between prolactin levels and psychotic, endocrine or immune disorders in patients' medical history or family history were checked.Method58 patients (42 women and 16 men) receiving antipsychotic treatment were included in the study in order of their presentation to control visits or admission in the psychiatric hospital. They were classified into the following ICD 10 diagnostic categories: acute and transient psychotic disorders, schizophrenia, persistent delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder and bipolar disorder. The following data were collected: prolactinemia (chemiluminescence method), ASAT, ALAT liver enzymes, glycemia, serum creatinine, thyroid hormones, sexual hormones, the intensity of psychiatric symptoms measured with BPRS, personal and family history of psychiatric, endocrine, immune disorders or treatments.Results47 patients (81%) presented hyperprolactinemia (33 women and 14 men). 9 patients (16%) presented a history of autoimmune disorders, 4 (7%) having also a family history of autoimmune disorders. 9 women had amenorrhea or irregular menstrual cycle. 5 patients were on long acting antipsychotic treatment.ConclusionsRegardless of the antipsychotic treatment received, the majority of the patients presented hyperprolactinemia. Women presented a higher increase in prolactin levels than men. The results were interpreted according to the thyroid and sexual hormonal status. A positive correlation between prolactin levels and BPRS scores was found (r = 0.2628 P= 0.0463, 95% CI).
2299 – Social Capital And Common Mental Disorder: Analysis Of The Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007
Authors: Nair A. , Clarke C. , Stansfeld S. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeSocial capital is emerging as an important component of mental well-being. Our aim was to assess the relationship between social capital and common mental disorders and to explore the role of social capital in the relationship between deprivation and common mental disorders.MethodsThis study used data collected from 7023 adults in England who completed the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (2007). Common mental disorders (CMD) were measured using CIS-R. Questions on both cognitive (CSC) and structural social capital were included, as well as data on area level deprivation.ResultsWe found a strong association between higher CSC and lower levels of CMD, depression and anxiety. Structural social capital was associated with lower levels of CMD and depression but was not conclusively associated with lower levels of anxiety. While there is a relationship between low social capital and deprivation, we found that higher CSC was still associated with lower CMD in participants living in deprived areas. Results for structural social capital were less conclusive although an association with lower overall CMD was still found in the most deprived communities.ConclusionIn a nationally representative sample, higher social capital is associated with lower levels of CMD. There appears to be a relationship between low social capital and deprivation and this may have implications for the mental wellbeing of individuals living in deprived communities.
2320 – Nurses’ Opinions About The Consultation-liaison Psychiatry And The Relationship Between Empathy And Communication Skills
Authors: Tun H. , Senyurt M. , Balikci A. 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThis descriptive study aims to determine that nurses who working in medical and surgical clinics for opinions about Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Unit and the relationship between emphatic tendency and communication skills.MethodThe sample of the study is consisted of 116 nurses who working in medical and surgical clinics between Agust- October 2012 and who are volunteer to participate the study. The data were obtained from Sociodemographic Data Collection Form, Empathic Tendency Scale and the Communication Skills Scale. Correlation, t-test, ANOVA tests were used in data analyzes.Findings50.5% of the nurses were worked in medical clinics, 52.2% of them were between the occupational experience of 1–5, 85.1% were registered nurse. 58.1% of the nurses directed patients to the Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Unit (CLPU) and 66.2% nurses wanted to be receive consultancy on psychiatric nurse.Average point of emphatic tendency of the nurses is 72.62±7.82 and average point of communication skills is 76,22±9.65. There was a positive correlation between emphatic tendency and communication skills score (r=0.499, p=0.00) in nurses. The nurses who working in psychiatric clinic were more empathic tendencies than the others (t=2.618, p=0.014). More experienced nurses are directed to the CLPU (F=8.618, p=0.00). The majority of nurses were correctly identified of function CLPU. The most consultation is required for patients who are suffering from anxiety and depression. Nurses were required to counseling on communication techniques.ResultCLPU is very important that both nurses and their patients in helping to psychosocial problems.
2337 – Assessing The Impact Of a Full-time Clerkship In a Portuguese Medical School: a Focus On Attitudes And Career Choice
Authors: Xavier M. , Mateus P. , Caldas Almeida J. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDue to the scarcity of mental health professionals, recruitment of psychiatrists is presently a major issue in Portugal. A negative attitude towards psychiatry or the psychiatrist's role has frequently been observed in rather different countries - this is troublesome, given that medical graduates’ attitudes toward psychiatry has been pointed as a predictor of recruitment. On the other side, research suggests that a clerkship may improve the student's attitudes, namely when they are stimulated to participate in the delivery of care.ObjectivesTo assess the impact of a clerkship in the attitudes toward psychiatry among Portuguese medical graduates, as well as in the motivation to choose psychiatry for future training.MethodsBalon's self-reported questionnaires were administered to all 6th year students in a medical school in Lisbon, before and after a 4-weeks full-time psychiatric clerkship.Results153 students were evaluated. After the clerkship, perceptions about the overall merits of psychiatry, efficacy, role definition, functioning of psychiatrists and use of legal powers to hospitalize patients were significantly improved. There was also a meaningful increase of trainees considering the possibility to take a residency in psychiatry. However, perceptions of low prestige and negative pressure from family and peers regarding a future choice of psychiatry remained unchanged in about one-third of the students.ConclusionsClerkship had an auspicious overall impact on the student attitude towards psychiatry,as well as in the number of students considering a future career in psychiatry. Attitudes toward psychiatry seems a promising outcome indicator of the clerkship's quality.
2338 – Organizational Culture And Managers Profiles In The Portuguese Mental Health Services
Authors: Mateus P. , Caldas Almeida J. , Xavier M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThere is emerging evidence that organizational culture and leadership profiles influence the way health services implement their systems of care. Studies regarding organizational culture of services are widespread in economical and managerial areas but very few evaluate mental health care contexts. Most of these studies aim to help in the management of human resources.ObjectivesTo assess the organizational culture and leadership profiles in the Portuguese mental health services.MethodsCross-sectional study, made in public and private mental health services. Evaluation was made by means of the competing values framework tool (Quinn, 1990) (Portuguese version - MJ Felício, 2007), which includes dimensions such as organizational culture and leadership profiles in the framework of more open or close systems and with more control or flexibility strategies.ResultsThere is no organizational or leadership profile clearly outstanding in the Portuguese mental health services. However Director and Coordinator leadership profiles scored higher in the results. These higher scores profiles were linked with assignment of duties, delegation of tasks and planning activities. Innovation profiles had the lowest scores, linked with the ability to cope with change and to manage change.ConclusionsFurther studies are critical to develop a clearer view regarding the influence of organizational culture and leadership profiles in the organization of mental health services. Low scores on innovation components may influence the way evidence based practices are welcomed and implemented in services.
2346 – Cocaine-induced Psychosis And Impulsivity In Cocaine-dependent Patients
Authors: Roncero C. , Grau-López L. , Daigre C. , Rodriguez-Cintas L. , Miquel L. , Martínez-Luna N. , Barral C. , Bachiller D. , Egido A. , Alvarós J. , Miguel C. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionCocaine induced psychosis (CIP) is common but not developed in all cases. Many risk factors have been linked with CIP. A lifetime diagnosis of ADHD has been associated with the categorical presence of CIP.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to determinate the relationship between impulsivity and impulsivity-realetd disorders (BPD, BN and ADHD) and CIP.AimsWe study the presence of psychotic symptoms using a clinical interview for psychotic symptoms in a large sample of cocaine-dependent patients. Patients suffering from schizophrenia or bipolar disorders were excluded. Finally we included 287 patients in the study.MethodsA structured interview about psychotic symptoms were systematically conducted. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis I and Axis II disorders were used in order to identify the comorbidity. CAADID-II (Conners’ Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV) were used in order to identify ADHD comorbidity. Barrat impulsivity scale were used for evaluate impulsivity.ResultsBIS total were 63.78. We identify a significant association between CIP and BIS cognitive subscale p < 0.003 and BIS total p < 0.021. We also identify a significant association between CIP and adult ADHD in cocaine-dependent patients p < .0.002. We fail to identify association between CIP and BPD and BN.ConclusionsCIP is related with BIS cognitive subscale and BIS total scores, and with ADHD comorbidity in cocaine-dependent patients. As well these findings could be useful for a clinical approach to the risks of psychotic states in cocaine-dependent patients.
2347 – Consultation-liaison Psychiatry And Antipsychotics
Authors: Ginés J.M. , Martín M. , Alvaro P. , García B. , Arcega J.M. , Nascimento M.T. , Corcoles D. , Bulbena A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionLiaison psychiatry is the branch of psychiatry that specialises in the interface between medicine and psychiatry. The liaison psychiatrist uses a wide range of drugs and antipsychotics are among them.ObjectivesTo analyse the prescription of antipsychotics at the liaison psychiatry service of a general hospital.MethodsThis is a transversal study. All patients evaluated by the liaison psychiatry service of a general hospital from the 1/01/2012 to the 31/05/2012 were included.ResultsThe sample consisted of 128 patients (53’1% women; mean age 65’34±17’18). The majority of them were Spanish (92’2%). Internal Medicine was the service who asked for more psychiatric evaluations, followed by General Surgery (19’5%) and Nephrology (10’2%). The most frequent main complain was depression (46’9%), behavioural disorders (18%) and anxiety (10’2%). The diagnosis given were more often affective disorders (43’8%), delirium (11’7%), psychotic disorders (10’9%) and anxious disorders (9’4%).Within the 128 patients, 34 (26’6%) did receive antipsychotics during the admission. We compared the two groups (antipsychotic group vs non-antipsychotic group) and obtained the following results: we found that the antipsychotic group more often had behavioural disorders (34’3%) and delusions/hallucinations (20%). A significant increase in delirium diagnose was to be seen (42’9%).ConclusionsAntipsyhotics are the second most used treatment at the liaison psychiatry service. Patients who receive them are more often affected by delirium and to a minor extent by a psychotic disorder. The first generation antipsychotics such as haloperidol still are the first option. However, the use of second generation antipsychotics is increasing remarkably.
2358 – The Rorschach Test In The “crime Of Impetus”. Data From a Pilot Study
Authors: Cimino L. , Atti A. , De Ronchi D. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe Rorschach is a projective test frequently used in the forensic ambit for the information it can give in both the cognitive and affective areas. The purpose of our work is to identify the traits recurring in perpetrators of the “crime of impetus” through the examination of the psychometric indices of the Rorschach.Method15 male subjects between 22 and 60 years (mean age = 43.2 ± 10.96 years) authors of murders, without previous psychiatric disorders, were tested; the control group was represented by 15 subjects without history of crimes. All protocols were collected and signed through the method “Scuola Romana Rorschach” and the scores of psychometric indices were compared between and within groups by Student's t-test.ResultsFrom the cognitive point of view there were no significant differences concerning the sense of reality between the murderers and control samples (R+% = 75,87 vs 70,73; p = 0,241. F+% = 75,47 vs 76,93; p = 0,653), but the number of responses was lower than average (16,67 vs 25,27; p < 0,0001). The most significant differences in the murderers appeared in the G/M Index (G = 7,73vs9,35; p < 0,005. M = 2,37vs 1,00; p < 0,0001) and in the Impulsivity Index (0,96 vs 0,33; p=0,0002).ConclusionsAccording to the most recent literature the Rorschach indices showed in the perpetrators of the “crime of impetus” the absence of mental disorders; however, the disproportion of the Index G/M and Impulsivity Index may indicate a “vulnerable anthropology” as a risk factor for impulsive crime in the presence of emotional stress.
2360 – Infants’ Vaccination Pain Management And Effect Of Breast Feeding, Sucking The Pacifier And Mother's Hug: a Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Taavoni S. , Shahali S. , Haghani H. 
Published: July 2013

Infants’ vaccination pain management by using lowest side effect methods is very important. The aim of this study was to examine pain relieving effect of breast- feeding, sucking pacifier or being in mother's hug during DPT vaccination.MethodsThis controlled trial study, was performed on 152) healthy2- 4 months term infants, whom was brought to the health centers of west of Tehran for DPT vaccination and their parents filled in informed consent. (Year 2008–2010) By randomized collection infants divided to three intervention group (Breast feeding, Sucking pacifier and being in mothers hug, and each group had intervention 2 minutes before, during, and 15 seconds after the injection) and control group, whom lied on the examining bed as routine of clinics (38 in each group). Objective changes in appearance of Neonates were assessed by Modified Behavioral Pain Scale (MBPS) during 5 second before immunization to 15 second after it. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. All ethical points were considered and approved by Research ethics committee of TUMS and had registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT).ResultEquality of age, gender and the time of feeding prior to vaccination were controlled. There were significant differences in Behavioral Pain Scores of four groups. (P < 0.0001) and routine group had highest pain score.ConclusionsBreast feeding is more analgesic than pacifier use with maternal holding. Maternal holding had less effect, but had more significant effect than routine. It is suggested to use these simple interventions during infant's vaccination.
2374 – Traumatic Experiences And Humor Disorders
Authors: Espirito-Santo H. , Rocha P. 
Published: July 2013

Traumatic experiences as vulnerability factors for mood disorders (MDs) remain unknown. The present study examined the potential differences of traumatic experiences amongst inpatients with mood disorders and between inpatients with mood disorders and non-patients. Of the participants assessed with Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC) (mean age = 31.12 ± 13.70), 50.8% had MDs, and 49.2% were non-patients (n = 29). The group of thirty individuals with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID)-diagnosed MDs included 19 patients with major depression disorder (32.2%), 5 with Depressive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (8.5%), 6 with Bipolar I Disorder, Most Recent Episode Depressed (10.2%).Of the patients 76.7% endorsed having experienced at least three TEs in their life time, of the non-patients 86.2% reported less than three TEs in their life time. Patients had significantly (t = 4.96, p < 0.001) more TEs (M = 6.20 ± 2.98) than the control group (M= 2.38 ± 2.94), the distinction was specially relevant on the severity of emotional trauma (M = 7.80 ± 8.74; t = 3.71, p < 0.001). Amongst MDs, there were not statistical differences. Only major depression disorder was distinct from the control group in what concerns total TEC (p < 0.001), specially owing to trauma occurred under 6 years of age.These findings are generally supportive of the role of trauma, specially trauma that took place in infancy, on major depression disorder, suggesting the need for consideration of traumatic experiences on the treatment of this mood disorder.
2553 – Eating Disorders in Psoriatic Patients
Authors: Crosta M.L. , Fraietta S. , Craba A. , Caldarola G. , Sollena P. , Benedetti C. , De Simone C. , Rinaldi L. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Psoriasis is a multifactorial chronic infiammatory skin disease that often occurs in patients with overweight or obesity; obesity makes psoriasis less susceptible to therapy and a moderate weight loss improves drug response. Many studies shows connections between obesity and eating disorders, but few studies investigated the link between eating disorders and psoriasis.Objectives:To evaluate the presence of eating disorders and psychopathological traits in patients affected by psoriasis compared with a control population, and correlate this data with different features of cutaneous disease and BMI.Aims:To suggest the importance of a psychological support that could reduce the occurrence of loss of control over food.Methods:We enrolled 100 consecutive psoriatic outpatients and a control group of 100 selected non psoriatic outpatients, matched by BMI to the study group. The assessment battery was composed by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score, the EDI and SCL-90R.Results:Most of EDI and SCL-90R subscales resulted more altered in psoriatic population compared to the controls (p < .001 for IA and ID, and p < .05 for GSI). Moreover, we noticed an association between the progressive weight gain and the impairment of most of EDI subscales, indicating the presence of an ED in only psoriasis group (p < .01).Conclusion:Psoriasis is associated with psychopathological traits and symptoms commonly associated with eating disorders. A multidisciplinary approach could have an important role to reduce the loss of control over food, to loss weight and to improve the drug response.