bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Cyber-Physical Framework for MRI Guided Magnetic Nano/Micro Particles Called “MAGNASIM”
Authors: Ahmadniaroudsari Mani , Mavroidis Constantinos 
Published: January 2015

Nano Magnetic Particles drug delivery is a new method of cancer treatment targeting the replacement of current methods such as chemotherapy and radiation to increase the efficiency of treatment. This project aims to design a system including experimental setup and computational platforms that will work parallel to each other developing guidelines for scientists. The Computational platform is able to model the nano particle’s aggregations and movement. Experimental setup will be used to generate results validating the simulations done on the computational platform. Experimental setup has the potential to operate Magnetic nanoparticles drug delivery in different scale and situations. We aim to make the experimental setup as close as possible to human blood properties. This will enable us to come up with guiding trajectories and control algorithms for guidance of different size and shape nano particles in arbitrary capillary shapes. This data can be beneficial for researchers doing experiments on magnetic drug delivery and avoid the In vivo experiments for the sake of animal rights. We present software called MAGNASIM that is being developed to perform simulation, visualization and post-processing analysis of the aggregation and disaggregation processes of magnetic Nano/Micro particles within a fluid environment such as small arteries and arterioles or fluid-filled cavities of the human body. Basically the software would be able:
• To examine Self-assembly process and breakup process
• To provide design guidelines for fabricating, control and steering the nanocapsules
After gathering all the initial conditions, software is able to provide the user the following information:
• Forces on each particle in each time-step.
• Position of each particle in each time-step.
• Interactions between particles.
• Control and steer the particles to the considered destination.
• Providing visualization of the particles movement.
Comaneci neck bridging device for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Gupta Rishi , Kolodgie Frank D , Virmani Renu , Eckhouse Ronen 
Published: January 2015

Background and purposeAdjunctive devices are commonly employed in the treatment of wide necked cerebral aneurysms. Balloon remodeling and permanent stent implantation may lead to thromboembolic complications or the need for antiplatelet use. A temporary stent that does not lead to complete flow arrest may be beneficial.MethodsWe studied 20 New Zealand white rabbits in whom aneurysms were created using elastase and ligation of the right common carotid artery. The aneurysms were then embolized with bare platinum coils along with adjunctive treatment using the Comaneci device or the Hyperglide balloon. Assessments were made for endothelial injury using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy.Results20 rabbits of mean±SD weight 3.1±0.2 kg were studied. Twelve rabbits were treated with the Comaneci device and eight with the Hyperglide balloon. There were no substantial differences on SEM or light microscopy in the subacute and chronic phase to suggest the Comaneci device caused endothelial injury.ConclusionsThe Comaneci device is a new adjuvant treatment for bridging of wide necked aneurysms with the advantage of averting flow arrest during deployment. There does not appear to be any evidence of significant endothelial damage during deployment in preclinical studies.
4D DSA a new technique for arteriovenous malformation evaluation: a feasibility study
Authors: Sandoval-Garcia Carolina , Royalty Kevin , Yang Pengfei , Niemann David , Ahmed Azam , Aagaard-Kienitz Beverly , Başkaya Mustafa K , Schafer Sebastian , Strother Charles 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundThe angioarchitectural features of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) provide key information regarding natural history and treatment planning. Because of rapid filling and vascular overlap, two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) digital subtraction angiography (DSA) are often suboptimal for evaluation of these features. We have developed an algorithm that derives a series of fully time-resolved 3D DSA volumes (four-dimensional (4D) DSA) at up to 30 frames/s from a conventional 3D DSA. The temporal/spatial resolution of 4D reconstructions is significantly higher than that provided by current MR angiography and CT angiography techniques. 4D reconstruction allows viewing of an AVM from any angle at any time during its opacification. This feasibility study investigated the potential of 4D DSA to improve the ability to analyze angioarchitectural features compared with conventional 2D and 3D DSA.Methods2D, 3D, and 4D DSA reconstructions of angiographic studies of six AVMs were evaluated by three cerebrovascular neurosurgeons and one interventional neuroradiologist. These observers evaluated the ability of each modality to visualize the angioarchitectural features of the AVMs. They also compared the information provided using the combination of 2D and 3D DSA with that provided by a 4D DSA reconstruction.ResultsBy consensus, 4D DSA provided the best ability to visualize the internal features of the AVM including intranidal aneurysms, fistulae, venous obstructions, and sequence of filling and draining. 2D and 3D images in comparison were limited because of overlap of the vasculature.ConclusionsIn this small series, 4D DSA provided better ability to visualize the angioarchitecture of an AVM than conventional methods. Further experience is required to determine the ultimate utility of this technique.
PRMT5 Is Required for Lymphomagenesis Triggered by Multiple Oncogenic Drivers
Authors: Li Yan , Chitnis Nilesh , Nakagawa Hiroshi , Kita Yoshiaki , Natsugoe Shoji , Yang Yi , Li Zihai , Wasik Mariusz , Klein-Szanto Andres J.P. , Rustgi Anil K. , Diehl J. Alan 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) has been implicated as a key modulator of lymphomagenesis. Whether PRMT5 has overt oncogenic function in the context of leukemia/lymphoma and whether it represents a therapeutic target remains to be established. We demonstrate that inactivation of PRMT5 inhibits colony-forming activity by multiple oncogenic drivers, including cyclin D1, c-MYC, NOTCH1, and MLL–AF9. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PRMT5 overexpression specifically cooperates with cyclin D1 to drive lymphomagenesis in a mouse model, revealing inherent neoplastic activity. Molecular analysis of lymphomas revealed that arginine methylation of p53 selectively suppresses expression of crucial proapoptotic and antiproliferative target genes, thereby sustaining tumor cell self-renewal and proliferation and bypassing the need for the acquisition of inactivating p53 mutations. Critically, analysis of human tumor specimens reveals a strong correlation between cyclin D1 overexpression and p53 methylation, supporting the biomedical relevance of this pathway.
Significance: We have identified and functionally validated a crucial role for PRMT5 for the inhibition of p53-dependent tumor suppression in response to oncogenic insults. The requisite role for PRMT5 in the context of multiple lymphoma/leukemia oncogenic drivers suggests a molecular rationale for therapeutic development. Cancer Discov; 5(3); 288–303. ©2015 AACR.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 213
Cardiac Transcriptome and Dilated Cardiomyopathy Genes in Zebrafish
Authors: Shih Yu-Huan , Zhang Yuji , Ding Yonghe , Ross Christian A. , Li Hu , Olson Timothy M. , Xu Xiaolei 
Published: January 2015

Background—
Genetic studies of cardiomyopathy and heart failure have limited throughput in mammalian models. Adult zebrafish have been recently pursued as a vertebrate model with higher throughput, but genetic conservation must be tested.

Methods and Results—

We conducted transcriptome analysis of zebrafish heart and searched for fish homologues of 51 known human dilated cardiomyopathy–associated genes. We also identified genes with high cardiac expression and genes with differential expression between embryonic and adult stages. Among tested genes, 30 had a single zebrafish orthologue, 14 had 2 homologues, and 5 had ≥3 homologues. By analyzing the expression data on the basis of cardiac abundance and enrichment hypotheses, we identified a single zebrafish gene for 14 of 19 multiple-homologue genes and 2 zebrafish homologues of high priority for
ACTC1
. Of note, our data suggested
vmhc
and
vmhcl
as functional zebrafish orthologues for human genes
MYH6
and
MYH7
, respectively, which are established molecular markers for cardiac remodeling.

Conclusions—
Most known genes for human dilated cardiomyopathy have a corresponding zebrafish orthologue, which supports the use of zebrafish as a conserved vertebrate model. Definition of the cardiac transcriptome and fetal gene program will facilitate systems biology studies of dilated cardiomyopathy in zebrafish.
DNA Methylation of Lipid-Related Genes Affects Blood Lipid Levels
Authors: Pfeiffer Liliane , Wahl Simone , Pilling Luke C. , Reischl Eva , Sandling Johanna K. , Kunze Sonja , Holdt Lesca M. , Kretschmer Anja , Schramm Katharina , Adamski Jerzy , Klopp Norman , Illig Thomas , Hedman Åsa K. , Roden Michael , Hernandez Dena G. , Singleton Andrew B. , Thasler Wolfgang E. , Grallert Harald , Gieger Christian , Herder Christian , Teupser Daniel , Meisinger Christa , Spector Timothy D. , Kronenberg Florian , Prokisch Holger , Melzer David , Peters Annette , Deloukas Panos , Ferrucci Luigi , Waldenberger Melanie 
Published: January 2015

Background—
Epigenetic mechanisms might be involved in the regulation of interindividual lipid level variability and thus may contribute to the cardiovascular risk profile. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between genome-wide DNA methylation and blood lipid levels high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. Observed DNA methylation changes were also further analyzed to examine their relationship with previous hospitalized myocardial infarction.

Methods and Results—

Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns were determined in whole blood samples of 1776 subjects of the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg F4 cohort using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip (Illumina). Ten novel lipid-related CpG sites annotated to various genes including
ABCG1
,
MIR33B/SREBF1
, and
TNIP1
were identified. CpG cg06500161, located in
ABCG1
, was associated in opposite directions with both high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β coefficient=−0.049;
P
=8.26E-17) and triglyceride levels (β=0.070;
P
=1.21E-27). Eight associations were confirmed by replication in the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg F3 study (n=499) and in the Invecchiare in Chianti, Aging in the Chianti Area study (n=472). Associations between triglyceride levels and
SREBF1
and
ABCG1
were also found in adipose tissue of the Multiple Tissue Human Expression Resource cohort (n=634). Expression analysis revealed an association between
ABCG1
methylation and lipid levels that might be partly mediated by
ABCG1
expression. DNA methylation of
ABCG1
might also play a role in previous hospitalized myocardial infarction (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval=1.06–1.25).

Conclusions—
Epigenetic modifications of the newly identified loci might regulate disturbed blood lipid levels and thus contribute to the development of complex lipid-related diseases.
Polsko-czechosłowackie konwencje turystyczne jako przykład współpracy transgranicznej
Authors: Lewkowicz Łukasz 
Published: January 2015

Polish-Czechoslovak tourist conventions as an example of transfrontier cooperationThe article provides a general description of Polish-Czechoslovak tourist conventions from inter- and post-war periods. It presents the conditions of signing of these unique international agreements, the decision-making process, as well as the basic principles of the conventions. Overall, the tourist conventions are special kinds mostly bilateral international agreements aimed at simplifying the rules of transfrontier traffic within a region attractive to tourists, such as the Carpathian and Sudetic borderlands. Poland and Czechoslovakia were the precursors of this kind of transfrontier cooperation across Europe. The first tourist convention was signed in 1925 as a direct result of so-called Cracow Protocols, which aimed at regulating economic, communication and tourist issues with Czechoslovakia after the Jaworzyna Spiska conflict. The next tourist agreement of 1955 was adopted as a result of the post-Stalinist Thaw, which allowed a certain liberalization of the border regime between the two countries. The agreement was amended and extended in 1961-1962, and was in force till the early 1980s. The experiences of the functioning of the tourist conventions became a model for Euroregions which stared to emerge in the area under discussion. Moreover, they also served as a model for central authorities in liberalizing the border regime in the 1990s. Polsko-czechosłowackie konwencje turystyczne jako przykład współpracy transgranicznejCelem artykułu była ogólna charakterystyka polsko-czechosłowackich konwencji turystycznych z okresu między- i powojennego. Przedstawione zostały uwarunkowania podpisania tych unikatowych umów międzynarodowych, proces decyzyjny, poddano analizie również podstawowe założenia konwencji. Generalnie konwencje turystyczne to specyficzny rodzaj, najczęściej bilateralnych, umów międzynarodowych służących uproszczeniu zasad ruchu transgranicznego w obrębie atrakcyjnego turystycznie regionu, w tym przypadku pogranicza karpackiego i sudeckiego. Polska i Czechosłowacja były prekursorami tego rodzaju współpracy transgranicznej w całej Europie. Pierwsza konwencja turystyczna została podpisana w 1925 roku jako bezpośredni rezultat tzw. protokołów krakowskich mających na celu uregulowanie kwestii gospodarczych, komunikacyjnych i turystycznych z Czechosłowacją po zakończeniu konfliktu o Jaworzynę Spiską. Kolejna umowa turystyczna z 1955 roku przyjęta została jako efekt postalinowskiej odwilży, która pozwoliła na pewną liberalizację reżimu granicznego między obu państwami. Umowa była nowelizowana i poszerzana w latach 1961-1962 i obowiązywała do początku lat 80. XX wieku. Doświadczenia funkcjonowania konwencji turystycznych stały się wzorcem dla tworzących się na badanym obszarze euroregionów. Stanowiły również wzorzec dla władz centralnych podejmujących działania liberalizujące reżim graniczny w latach 90.
Properties of a Mesoscale Convective System in the Context of an Isentropic Analysis
Authors: Mrowiec Agnieszka A. , Pauluis O. M. , Fridlind A. M. , Ackerman A. S. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractApplication of an isentropic analysis of convective motions to a simulated mesoscale convective system is presented. The approach discriminates the vertical mass transport in terms of equivalent potential temperature. The scheme separates rising air at high entropy from subsiding air at low entropy. This also filters out oscillatory motions associated with gravity waves and isolates the overturning motions associated with convection and mesoscale circulation. The mesoscale convective system is additionally partitioned into stratiform and convective regions based on the radar reflectivity field. For each of the subregions, the mass transport derived in terms of height and an isentropic invariant of the flow is analyzed. The difference between the Eulerian mass flux and the isentropic counterpart is a significant and symmetric contribution of the buoyant oscillations to the upward and downward mass fluxes. Filtering out these oscillations results in substantial reduction of the diagnosed downward-to-upward convective mass flux ratio. The analysis is also applied to graupel and snow mixing ratios and number concentrations, illustrating the relationship of the particle formation process to the updrafts.
Estimating the Eddy Viscosity Profile from Velocity Spirals in the Ekman Boundary Layer
Authors: Yoshikawa Yutaka , Endoh Takahiro 
Published: January 2015

AbstractTurbulent mixing induced by tidal currents near the sea bottom plays a key role in coastal and shallow sea environments. Many attempts have been made to quantify turbulent mixing near the seabed, such as velocity microstructure measurements with microstructure profilers and turbulent Reynolds stress measurements using acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs). This study proposes an alternative method in which the Ekman balance equations are solved with measured velocity spirals to estimate the eddy viscosity profile. Three schemes (schemes 1, 2, and 3) are described in this paper; schemes 1 and 2 were used in previous studies, while scheme 3 is newly proposed in the present study. The performance of the three schemes was tested using velocity spirals simulated with an idealized eddy viscosity profile, showing that scheme 2 is useful if the random measurement errors are small, while scheme 3 is useful when the errors in the Ekman balance are small. The performance was also evaluated using measured velocity spirals. This method utilizes velocity measured with standard ADCPs operated in normal modes, allowing for easier and more frequent quantifications of the mixing averaged over longer periods.
Using Modeling and Simulation to Predict Operator Performance and Automation-Induced Complacency With Robotic Automation
Authors: Wickens Christopher D. , Sebok Angelia , Li Huiyang , Sarter Nadine , Gacy Andrew M. 
Published: January 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a computational model of the automation complacency effect, as operators work on a robotic arm task, supported by three different degrees of automation. Background: Some computational models of complacency in human–automation interaction exist, but those are formed and validated within the context of fairly simplified monitoring failures. This research extends model validation to a much more complex task, so that system designers can establish, without need for human-in-the-loop (HITL) experimentation, merits and shortcomings of different automation degrees. Method: We developed a realistic simulation of a space-based robotic arm task that could be carried out with three different levels of trajectory visualization and execution automation support. Using this simulation, we performed HITL testing. Complacency was induced via several trials of correctly performing automation and then was assessed on trials when automation failed. Following a cognitive task analysis of the robotic arm operation, we developed a multicomponent model of the robotic operator and his or her reliance on automation, based in part on visual scanning. Results: The comparison of model predictions with empirical results revealed that the model accurately predicted routine performance and predicted the responses to these failures after complacency developed. However, the scanning models do not account for the entire attention allocation effects of complacency. Applications: Complacency modeling can provide a useful tool for predicting the effects of different types of imperfect automation. The results from this research suggest that focus should be given to supporting situation awareness in automation development.
Cigarette Smoking Increases Complication Rate in Forefoot Surgery
Authors: Bettin Clayton C. , Gower Kellen , McCormick Kelly , Wan Jim Y. , Ishikawa Susan N. , Richardson David R. , Murphy G. Andrew 
Published: January 2015

Background: Cigarette smoking is known to increase perioperative complication rates, but no study to date has examined its effect specifically in forefoot surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cigarette smoking increased complications after forefoot surgery. Methods: The records of 602 patients who had forefoot surgery between 2008 and 2010, and for whom smoking status was known, were reviewed. Patients were categorized into 3 groups based on smoking status: active smoker, smoker in the past, or nonsmoker. Medical records were reviewed for occurrence of complications, including nonunion, delayed union, delayed wound healing, infection, and persistent pain. Results: Active smokers were found to have a notably higher complication rate (36.4%) after forefoot surgery than patients who previously (16.5%) or never (8.5%) smoked. Patients who continued to smoke in the perioperative period had the highest percentage of delayed union (3.0%), infection (9.1%), delayed wound healing (10.6%), and persistent pain (15.2%). Active cigarette smokers were 4.3 times more likely to have a complication than nonsmokers. Patients who smoked at any point in the past but quit prior to surgery were 1.9 times more likely than nonsmokers to incur a complication. The average time of smoking cessation for patients who had smoked at any point in the past but had quit prior to surgery was 17 years. For active smokers, those with a complication smoked an average of 18 cigarettes daily, while those without a complication smoked 14 cigarettes daily. Conclusions: Before forefoot surgery, surgeons should educate patients who smoke about their increased risk of complications and encourage smoking cessation. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Sensory integration balance training in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Gandolfi Marialuisa , Munari Daniele , Geroin Christian , Gajofatto Alberto , Benedetti Maria Donata , Midiri Alessandro , Carla Fontana , Picelli Alessandro , Waldner Andreas , Smania Nicola 
Published: January 2015

Background: Impaired sensory integration contributes to balance disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: The objective of this paper is to compare the effects of sensory integration balance training against conventional rehabilitation on balance disorders, the level of balance confidence perceived, quality of life, fatigue, frequency of falls, and sensory integration processing on a large sample of patients with MS. Methods: This single-blind, randomized, controlled trial involved 80 outpatients with MS (EDSS: 1.5–6.0) and subjective symptoms of balance disorders. The experimental group ( n = 39) received specific training to improve central integration of afferent sensory inputs; the control group ( n = 41) received conventional rehabilitation (15 treatment sessions of 50 minutes each). Before, after treatment, and at one month post-treatment, patients were evaluated by a blinded rater using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC), Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), number of falls and the Sensory Organization Balance Test (SOT). Results: The experimental training program produced greater improvements than the control group training on the BBS ( p < 0.001), the FSS ( p < 0.002), number of falls ( p = 0.002) and SOT ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: Specific training to improve central integration of afferent sensory inputs may ameliorate balance disorders in patients with MS. Clinical Trial Registration (NCT01040117).