bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of 3D genome organization during T cell activation
Authors: Wang Bao , Bian Qian 
Published: June 2024

Within the three‐dimensional (3D) nuclear space, the genome organizes into a series of orderly structures that impose important influences on gene regulation. T lymphocytes, crucial players in adaptive immune responses, undergo intricate transcriptional remodeling upon activation, leading to differentiation into specific effector and memory T cell subsets. Recent evidence suggests that T cell activation is accompanied by dynamic changes in genome architecture at multiple levels, providing a unique biological context to explore the functional relevance and molecular mechanisms of 3D genome organization. Here, we summarize recent advances that link the reorganization of genome architecture to the remodeling of transcriptional programs and conversion of cell fates during T cell activation and differentiation. We further discuss how various chromatin architecture regulators, including CCCTC‐binding factor and several transcription factors, collectively modulate the genome architecture during this process.
Highly efficient sunlight‐driven photodegradation of industrial dyes by Ni‐, Cu‐, and Zn‐doped MgO nanopowders
Authors: Tangcharoen Thanit , Lin Kun‐Yi Andrew 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study provides the first ever investigation of the influence of nickel, copper, and zinc additives upon magnesium oxide powders when synthesized via sol–gel autocombustion. In order to assess the resulting properties of the samples affected by the addition of Ni, Cu, and Zn ions, a number of investigative techniques were employed, among which were X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet (UV)–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV‐DRS), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). From XRD results, it was apparent that when Ni, Cu, and Zn ions are added to MgO, cubic solid solutions of NiMgO, CuMgO, and ZnMgO are created. UV‐DRS analysis showed significantly improved absorption levels in the samples that were optimally modified compared to the pure sample across UV, visible, and infrared spectral observations. Analysis of the photocatalytic activity exhibited by the synthesized samples was performed by considering the decomposition under sunlight of rhodamine B, methylene blue, methyl orange, and methyl red. The degradation under sunlight for these organic dyes was shown to be superior to that of pure MgO, achieving a range of 91%–95% in just 150 min.
Physicochemical and nutritional characteristics of vegan protein bars formulated with sweet potato and rice protein
Authors: Baek In‐Ha , Cho Ha‐Seong , Said Nurul Saadah , Olawuyi Ibukunoluwa Fola , Kim Kyu‐Rim , Lee Won‐Young 
Published: June 2024

SummaryIn response to the growing interest in plant‐based alternatives and vegan diets, this study aimed to develop novel sweet potato‐based vegan protein bars enriched with rice protein (RP) as an alternative protein source. The vegan protein bars (VPBs) formulated with varying RP content (0–32 g) were evaluated for nutritional, textural, microstructural and sensory properties. Nutritional analysis revealed a proportional increase in protein content (8.94%–21.77%) and energy value (310.29–353.32 kcal/100 g) with increasing RP content. The progressive inclusion of RP significantly (P < 0.05) improved the textural properties of VPBs, notably increasing cohesiveness (0.07%–0.60%), chewiness (8.71–105.02 g) and firmness (1453.80–3444.03 kg cm−2), with all VPBs receiving favourable sensory evaluation scores. Importantly, all VPBs received favourable sensory scores. Microstructural analysis revealed the mechanism for textural enhancement in enriched VPBs, indicating a positive correlation between higher RP content and the number and size of surface clumps. Amino acid profiling indicated over 50% increases in valine content and essential amino acid scores in enriched VPBs compared to those without RP. Moreover, protein‐enriched VPBs exhibited superior antioxidant activity. In conclusion, these findings suggest the potential of sweet potato and RP in developing VPBs, highlighting the value of plant‐based ingredients in vegan food products.
A multi‐objective model for publicly funded festival planning
Authors: Alçada‐Almeida L. , Sousa N. , Coutinho‐Rodrigues J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article proposes a multi‐objective mixed‐integer linear programming model to assist event managers in obtaining and evaluating non‐dominated solutions to the problem of selecting a daily lineup of shows and activities for a festival – be it cultural, sports, ceremonial or any other kind. The model, which is especially adequate for designing festivals with public funding, has five objectives, relating to financial, logistical and how renowned the festival artists or acts are. It includes support for multiple days, multiple stages and different types of shows, all subject to constraints imposed by the intrinsic nature of the festival itself. The output of the model is a set of optimized daily lineups for the activities that constitute the festival, each corresponding to a particular compromise between the five objectives. The approach is demonstrated with a case study for a 5‐day festival, for which non‐dominated solutions are derived, presented and discussed. Results show that the model can provide a good variety of solutions while ensuring the persistence of the more desirable shows. The model is a novel decision support tool to assist in designing festival lineups that provide optimal audience experience, a key factor in attracting spectators, tourists and increasing comeback value.
The effects of nutrition education on nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviours in primary school students in Zhongshan city
Authors: Yu Xinxue , Huang Xiaoxia , Liang Xiaoping , Ou Qian , Sun Liuqiao , Ren Jieru , Wu Qiongmei , Chen Hangjun , Huang Qiaoli , Zhao Hanqing , Wei Jun , Wu Feng , Huang Sizhe , Wang Lijun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdequate nutritional knowledge and healthy dietary behaviours are essential for promoting rational nutrition for children. However, lack of nutritional knowledge and unhealthy dietary behaviours are common among Chinese children. Therefore, we developed a school‐based nutrition education (NE) program to assess its impacts on nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviours in pupils.MethodsIn this trial, one school was assigned as an intervention group (n = 199) and the other two schools were designated as a control group (n = 140). Children in the intervention group received the NE program in addition to their regular health curriculum, whereas the control group continued with their usual health curriculum without any NE program materials.ResultsConcerning nutritional knowledge, the mean difference (follow‐up minus baseline) of average knowledge scores in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (1.99 ± 3.22 vs. 0.66 ± 3.60, p = 0.001). However, subgroup analysis revealed that this difference disappeared among boys and students with malnutrition status. Regarding dietary behaviours, the NE program significantly increased the proportion of children exhibiting high frequencies of meat and nuts consumption in the intervention group, along with diverse food choice at breakfast. Additionally, it markedly reduced the proportion of children exhibiting high frequencies of sugar‐sweetened beverages and fast food consumption. Structural equation modelling analyses indicated a significant direct effect of NE intervention on nutritional knowledge and an indirect effect on dietary behaviours.ConclusionsThe NE program effectively enhanced nutritional knowledge scores and further improved dietary behaviours among Chinese primary school students. Future NE programs should pay more attention to boys and children with malnutrition.
Transient Changes in Cerebral Tissue Oxygen, Glucose, and Temperature by Microstrokes: A Computational Study
Authors: Bagheri Marzieh , Habibzadeh Sajjad , Moeini Mohammad 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study focuses on evaluating the disruptions in key physiological parameters during microstroke events to assess their severity.MethodsA mathematical model was developed to simulate the changes in cerebral tissue pO2, glucose concentration, and temperature due to blood flow interruptions. The model considers variations in baseline cerebral blood flow (CBF), capillary density, and blood oxygen/glucose levels, as well as ambient temperature changes.ResultsSimulations indicate that complete blood flow obstruction still allows for limited glucose availability, supporting nonoxidative metabolism and potentially exacerbating lactate buildup and acidosis. Partial obstructions decrease tissue pO2, with minimal impact on glucose level, which can remain almost unchanged or even slightly increase. Reduced CBF, capillary density, or blood oxygen due to aging or disease enhances hypoxia risk at lower obstruction levels, with capillary density having a significant effect on stroke severity by influencing both pO2 and glucose levels. Conditions could lead to co‐occurrence of hypoxia/hypoglycemia or hypoxia/hyperglycemia, each worsening outcomes. Temperature effects were minimal in deep brain regions but varied near the skull by 0.2–0.8°C depending on ambient temperature.ConclusionsThe model provides insights into the conditions driving severe stroke outcomes based on estimated levels of hypoxia, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and temperature changes.
The effect of social inhibition on preschoolers' behavior problems: The moderating role of maternal parenting styles
Authors: Guo Xin , Li Mingxin , Liu Wen , Zhang Jiaqi , Wang Weiwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe present study aimed to examine the longitudinal relationship between social inhibition and behavior problems in preschoolers, as well as the potential moderating role of maternal parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive) in this relationship. A total of 196 preschoolers aged 3–4 years (MT1 = 3.460, SD = .594) and their mothers participated in the study, which involved two‐time points. Specifically, teachers assessed preschoolers' social inhibition at the first time point (November 2018). After 1 year (November 2019), mothers reported parenting styles and preschoolers' behavior problems. The results revealed that higher levels of social inhibition were positively associated with increased behavior problems in preschoolers. Furthermore, it was found that a high maternal authoritative parenting style buffered the positive association between social inhibition and preschoolers' behavior problems. However, maternal authoritarian and permissive parenting styles did not act as moderators. These findings emphasized the importance of maternal authoritative parenting style for behavior problems in preschoolers with social inhibition.
Evaluation of platelet concentrates prepared using different methods after overnight holding (18–24 h) of whole blood at room temperature
Authors: Mohanty Deviprasanna , Chaurasia Rahul , Kumar Anand , Patidar Gopal Kumar , Pandey Hem Chandra , Subramanian Arulselvi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesRegulatory requirement of fixed holding time (6 h) of whole blood (WB) at room temperature, that is, 22–24°C (RT) results in sub‐optimal component separation. The aim was to evaluate the platelet concentrates (PC) prepared by both platelet rich plasma (PRP) and buffy coat (BC) methods after overnight hold (18–24 h) at RT.Materials and MethodsA prospective experimental study was performed. A total of 48 WB units collected were divided into four groups (12 each) control‐1 (C1) and test‐1 (T1) for PRP and control‐2 (C2) and test‐2 (T2) for the BC method. Control groups were processed within 6 h, and in test groups, components were prepared after overnight hold, followed by evaluation of quality parameters.ResultsIrrespective of the method used, all PCs had similar volume, platelet yield, swirling, no bacterial contamination, RBC contamination, PaO2 and PaCO2 levels. PCs in the T1 group had significant differences in glucose and MPV values on d1, which were resolved by d5 of storage. PCs in T2 has significant differences in pH, glucose, and MPV levels throughout storage. PRBC in test and control groups had similar quality parameters till d42 of storage. FFPs in all tests were noninferior to the concurrent control groups till 3 months of storage.ConclusionOvernight holding of WB had no lasting deleterious changes. Though a few biochemical parameters in the test groups were significantly different, they can be accepted to improve the logistics of component separation. Overall PRP method seemed to have a better result than the BC method after an overnight hold.
Sexually dimorphic acetyl‐CoA biosynthesis and utilization in response to drought and exogenous acetic acid
Authors: Xia Linchao , Li Menghan , Chen Yao , Dai Yujie , Li Huanhuan , Zhang Sheng 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYFemale willows exhibit greater drought tolerance and benefit more from exogenous acetic acid (AA)‐improved drought tolerance than males. However, the potential mechanisms driving these sex‐specific responses remain unclear. To comprehensively investigate the sexually dimorphic responsive mechanisms of willows to drought and exogenous AA, here, we performed physiological, proteomic, Lys‐acetylproteomic, and transgenic analyses in female and male Salix myrtillacea exposed to drought and AA‐applicated drought treatments, focusing on protein abundance and lysine acetylation (LysAc) changes. Drought‐tolerant females suffered less drought‐induced photosynthetic and oxidative damage, did not activate AA and acetyl‐CoA biosynthesis, TCA cycle, fatty acid metabolism, and jasmonic acid signaling as strongly as drought‐sensitive males. Exogenous AA caused overaccumulation of endogenous AA and inhibition of acetyl‐CoA biosynthesis and utilization in males. However, exogenous AA greatly enhanced acetyl‐CoA biosynthesis and utilization and further enhanced drought performance of females, possibly determining that AA improved drought tolerance more in females than in males. Interestingly, overexpression of acetyl‐CoA synthetase (ACS) could reprogram fatty acids, increase LysAc levels, and improve drought tolerance, highlighting the involvement of ACS‐derived acetyl‐CoA in drought responses. In addition, drought and exogenous AA induced sexually dimorphic LysAc associated with histones, transcription factors, and metabolic enzymes in willows. Especially, exogenous AA may greatly improve the photosynthetic capacity of S. myrtillacea males by decreasing LysAc levels and increasing the abundances of photosynthetic proteins. While hyperacetylation in glycolysis, TCA cycle, and fatty acid biosynthesis potentially possibly serve as negative feedback to acclimate acetyl‐CoA biosynthesis and utilization in drought‐stressed males and AA‐applicated females. Thus, acetyl‐CoA biosynthesis and utilization determine the sexually dimorphic responses of S. myrtillacea to drought and exogenous AA.
Assessment of Construction Practitioners’ Knowledge Sharing Attitude in Construction Projects in Nigeria
Authors: Bashir Amina Sani , Kolo Baba Adama , Ibrahim Mukhtar Kofarbai 
Published: June 2024

Individuals such as construction practitioners (CPs) are the focal point of knowledge sharing (KS). KS plays a cardinal role in knowledge management (KM). It is recognised as one of the most crucial aspect of KM which leads to better performance of organisations and construction projects. Literature has shown that KS success is largely driven by individual level variables such as attitude. Studies on KS largely neglect the individual level variables, e.g. perception, motivation and attitude. Hence, there is a lack of knowledge on the influence of the determinants of attitude on construction practitioners’ (CPs’) KS attitude. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the influence of the determinants of attitude on CPs' KS attitude in construction projects with a view to improving knowledge sharing among CPs. The determinants of KS attitude and their components were identified from literature and were used to conduct a survey to assess the CPs' KS attitude. Quantitative method was adopted for this research and the data were collected using structured questionnaire administered to 174 Construction practitioners using Stratified Random Sampling. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling. The study identified six determinants of KS attitude with four independent (perceiver, target, intensity and persistence) and two dependents (cognitive and affective). It was found out that the CPs perceiver, target, intensity and persistence as determinants of KS has influence on KS attitude. The study also found a high significant influence between measures of CPs’ motivation (intensity & persistence) KS attitude compared to measures of their perception (perceiver & target) and the strongest influence is between CPs intensity and their cognitive. The study concludes that CP’s as the perceivers and KS as what is been perceived (target) do not affect CPs knowledge sharing attitude, instead intensity and persistence (motivation) does. This study recommends that CPs should be educated about their perception of KS. The study recommends that construction practitioners level of motivation should be increased because motivation is what derives them to share knowledge rather than perception.
To relocate, or not? The future of small and remote communities in the Nordic Countries facing natural hazards
Authors: Baron Nina 
Published: June 2024

Remote communities are often particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change in the form of increased risk of hazards such as avalanches, storms, flooding, or landslides. This is due to, for example, nature-dependent livelihoods, large distances from emergency services as well as limited resources and expertise for climate adaptation work. Still, most remote communities are dependent on support from wider society if they are to successfully address the increased challenges that a changing climate entails.
This commentary aims to spark a discussion on the controversial issue of relocation of remote communities living in high-risk areas. In the Nordic context, relocation is often avoided (and not discussed) due to many valid reasons, such as the right of each citizen to get state services regardless of where they live, the value of having dispersed settlements, and strong place attachment of remote communities. Nonetheless, we argue that researchers, policymakers and broader society should discuss if living in high-risk areas is still reasonable in the light of climate change? While raising this question often leads to a simplified debate about forced relocation, we aim to contribute to a more nuanced debate. Maybe relocation might indeed be a more resilient and sustainable long-term solution for (some) remote communities.
Distinct host preconditioning regimens differentially impact the antitumor potency of adoptively transferred Th17 cells
Authors: Wittling Megen C , Knochelmann Hannah M , Wyatt Megan M , Rangel Rivera Guillermo O , Cole Anna C , Lesinski Gregory B , Paulos Chrystal M 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundHow distinct methods of host preconditioning impact the efficacy of adoptively transferred antitumor T helper cells is unknown.MethodsCD4+T cells with a transgenic T-cell receptor that recognize tyrosinase-related peptide (TRP)-1 melanoma antigen were polarized to the T helper 17 (Th17) phenotype and then transferred into melanoma-bearing mice preconditioned with either total body irradiation or chemotherapy.ResultsWe found that preconditioning mice with a non-myeloablative dose of total body irradiation (TBI of 5 Gy) was more effective than using an equivalently dosed non-myeloablative chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide (CTX) of 200 mg/kg) at augmenting therapeutic activity of antitumor TRP-1 Th17 cells. Antitumor Th17 cells engrafted better following preconditioning with TBI and regressed large established melanoma in all animals. Conversely, only half of mice survived long-term when preconditioned with CTX and infused with anti-melanoma Th17 cells. Interleukin (IL)-17 and interferon-γ, produced by the infused Th17 cells, were detected in animals given either TBI or CTX preconditioning. Interestingly, inflammatory cytokines (granulocyte colony stimulating factor, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, IL-5, and keratinocyte chemoattractant) were significantly elevated in the serum of mice preconditioned with TBI versus CTX after Th17 therapy. The addition of fludarabine (FLU, 200 mg/kg) to CTX (200 mg/kg) improved the antitumor response to the same degree mediated by TBI, whereas FLU alone with Th17 therapy was ineffective.ConclusionsOur results indicate, for the first time, that the antitumor response, persistence, and cytokine profiles resulting from Th17 therapy are impacted by the specific regimen of host preconditioning. This work is important for understanding mechanisms that promote long-lived responses by adoptive cellular therapy, particularly as CD4+based T-cell therapies are now emerging in the clinic.
Autoantibody-positivity before and seroconversion during treatment with anti-PD-1 is associated with immune-related adverse events in patients with melanoma
Authors: Borgers Jessica S W , van Wesemael Tineke J , Gelderman Kyra A , Rispens Theo , Verdegaal Els M E , Moes Dirk J A R , Korse Catharina M , Kapiteijn Ellen , Welters Marij J P , van der Burg Sjoerd H , van Houdt Winan J , van Thienen Johannes V , Haanen John B A G , van der Woude Diane 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionTreatment with the immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) often causes immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Since irAEs resemble autoimmune diseases, autoantibodies might play a role and could potentially be used to identify patients at risk. Therefore, we investigated the association between autoantibody-positivity and toxicity as well as clinical response in patients with melanoma treated with anti-PD-1.Materials and methodsThis two-center, retrospective study included 143 patients with melanoma treated with anti-PD-1. Toxicities grade ≥2 and recurrences/responses were captured until 6 months after treatment initiation. Autoantibody measurements were performed at baseline and 3 months after treatment initiation, including IgM-rheumatoid factor (RF), antinuclear antibodies (ANA), extractable nuclear antigen, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP2) and anti-thyroid antibodies.Results169 irAEs were experienced by 86/143 patients (137 grades 1–2, 32 grades 3–4), the most common being thyroiditis (n=25), dermatitis (n=24), and sicca problems (n=19). Patients with autoantibodies at baseline experienced more irAEs (p=0.001), predominantly associated with anti-thyroid antibodies and thyroid dysfunction. No association was observed between any irAE and anti-CCP2, RF or ANA. In women, baseline and on-treatment anti-thyroid antibody-positivity as well as seroconversion during treatment was associated with thyroid dysfunction. In men, this association was only observed on-treatment. The presence of autoantibodies was not associated with melanoma recurrence (p=0.776) or response (p=0.597).ConclusionThe presence of autoantibodies prior to anti-PD-1 therapy is associated with irAEs in patients with melanoma. Both baseline positivity and seroconversion of anti-thyroid antibodies were strongly associated with thyroid dysfunction. This association was stronger in women, with all women who were baseline positive developing thyroid dysfunction.