bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acquired trichomegaly and hypertrichosis after treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors
Authors: LAUWERS N , AERTS L , SMETS RME 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To describe a case of acquired trichomegaly and hypertrichosis after treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFR TKI’s).Methods A case‐report.Results We describe the case of an 88‐year old patient treated for metastatic lung carcinoma with EGFR TKI’s. A few weeks after treatment with Afatinib, she presented with a painful squamous blepharitis. Her eyelashes were abnormally long and abundant. After trimming of the eyelashes, lid hygiene and topical lubricants the symptoms disappeared.Conclusion EGFR TKI’s are a new type of oral anti‐tumoral agents with ocular side effects such as keratitis, conjunctivitis, blepharitis and trichomegaly. Symptomatic topical treatment can be successful. This case report has already be published. "Aerts L, Lauwers N, Smets RME. Trichomégalie et hypertrichose acquise. Journal francais d'Ophtalmologie 2014; 37: 339‐341."
Ocular distribution and pharmacokinetics of 125I‐OPT302 and 125I‐Aflibercept (EYLEA) following intravitreal administration to pigmented rabbits
Authors: STRUBLE C , TESTER A , GEROMETTA M , KREUGER M , PRUSAKIEWICZ J , BALDWIN M 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose OPT‐302 is a soluble receptor that specifically and potently blocks VEGF‐C and VEGF‐D activity which are involved in the progression of retinal and corneal diseases. OPT‐302 is currently under development for the treatment of wet AMD. The purpose of this study was to assess ocular distribution and pharmacokinetics of 125I‐OPT‐302 and 125I‐EYLEA following intravitreal (IVT)dosing in Dutch Belted rabbits.Methods 125I‐OPT‐302 and 125I‐EYLEA were prepared at ~10 mg/mL and 50 µCi/mg. Eight animals/group were dosed with 0.5 mg test article/eye. Serum and ocular tissues were collected at eight time points between 1 and 672 hours for radioanalysis. The formulations were homogeneous, stable, and active with their cognate ligands.Results Following IVT dosing the test articles were well tolerated. There was low systemic exposure of 125I‐OPT‐302 with AUC(0‐t) of 110000 ng eq*hours/mL. Systemic exposure to 125I‐EYLEA was ~4 fold greater at 420000 ng eq*hours/mL. Concentrations of 125I‐OPT‐302 and 125I‐EYLEA in the vitreous humor (VH) at C0 were 368000 and 337000 ng equivalents/g, respectively. Elimination t1/2 from VH were similar at 104 and 112 hours. For ocular tissues, the highest concentrations of radioactivity were found in retina, RPE and choroid at 1 and 12 hours postdose. Maximum concentrations were similar for each test article. Half‐lives were 104 & 102 hours in choroid and 109 & 137 hours in RPE for 125I‐OPT‐302 and 125I‐EYLEA,respectively.Conclusion 125I‐OPT‐302 and 125I‐EYLEA had prolonged exposure of posterior and anterior ocular tissues at similar concentrations for each compound, while systemic clearance of 125I‐OPT‐302 was faster than 125I‐Eylea..
Five‐year incidence of branch retinal vein occlusion and its systemic and retinal risk associations: The Funagata study
Authors: KAWASAKI R , SUGANO A , KAWASAKI Y , OIZUMI T , DAIMON M , KATO T , KAYAMA T , YAMASHITA H 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To determine retinal and systemic risk associations of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) over 5 years in adult population‐based cohort in Japan.Methods The Funagata study is a population‐based longitudinal cohort study in Yamagata, Japan. In 2000‐2, we performed baseline survey including fundus photography and systemic examination. In 2005‐7, 5‐year follow‐up survey was performed and newly developed BRVO cases were determined. There were 954 persons who attended both baseline and 5‐year follow‐up survey; 878 persons had good quality fundus photographs suitable for grading (right eye only). Using multiple logistic regression models, retinal and systemic risk characteristics were determined.Results Mean age of study participants were 58.9 years old and 57.2% were women. Prevalence of diabetes and hypertension was 4.0% and 32.2%, respectively. There were 12 newly developed BRVO over 5‐ years (1.37%, right eyes only). In multiple logistic regression models including those significantly associated systemic risks, older age (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.15 per 1 year, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02‐1.31, p=0.026) and waist‐to‐hip ratio (adjusted OR 6.15 per 0.1, 95%CI 1.50‐25.3, p=0.012) remained as significant risk characteristics. Retinal vessel opacification was significantly associated with incident BRVO after adjusting for systemic risk characteristics.Conclusion In addition to older age, larger waist‐to‐hip ratio was identified as a modifiable systemic risk characteristic of 5‐year incident BRVO. Retinal vessel opacification was also identified as a risk characteristic in the retina; there is a potential as a marker to predict BRVO.
Commercial interest
Choroidal thickness in young myopic adults assessed by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography
Authors: KADZIAUSKIENE A , AUGYTE A , GALGAUSKAS S , STECH S , STRELKAUSKAITE E , ASOKLIS R 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To compare choroidal thickness of emetropic eyes and ones with different degree of myopia in young adults.Methods 40 participants (80 eyes) had choroidal measurements using enhanced depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography at three locations: fovea, 3mm nasally and 3mm temporally to it. According to their refractive error patients were divided into 3 groups: emetropia (from +0.5 D to ‐0.5 D)‐ 22 eyes, mild to moderate degree myopia (from ‐1.0 D to ‐6.0 D) ‐ 34 eyes, high degree myopia (‐6.0 D & greater) ‐ 24 eyes. Axial length biometry and autorefractometry were also performed.Results The mean age of the participants was 23.6 years (standard deviation ± 1.5). The average choroidal thickness at fovea, 3mm nasally and 3mm temporally was estimated to be 352.5 (median 328.0, interquartile range 116.5) µm, 161.0 (139.0, 88.5) µm and 311.6, (298.5, 101.5) µm respectively. Subfoveal and temporal choroid was significantly thinner in high degree myopic eyes than in the group of low to moderate myopia and emetropic eyes (p < 0.05). At the fovea the choroid was thicker than nasally and temporally to it (p<0.05). A moderate negative correlation was found between the thickness of the choroid and the degree of myopia (ρ= ‐0.44; p < 0.01). Axial length was significantly shorter in normal vision group than in the groups of myopia (p < 0.05) and correlated negatively with the central choroidal thickness (ρ= ‐0.47; p < 0.01).Conclusion Myopic young adults had significantly thinner central choroid layer compared to emetropic individuals. At all measured locations the choroidal thickness decreased with the higher degree of myopia and longer axial length.
In vivo corneal confocal microscopy allows direct observation of microbiological features in infectious keratitis
Authors: WYLEGALA E , SMEDOWSKI A , TARNAWSKA D , NOWINSKA A , DOBROWOLSKI D 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To differentiate microbiological features of infectious keratitis in corneal epithelium.Methods We performed in vivo confocal microscopy (HRT III, Rostock Cornea Module) in 190 patients with diagnosed infectious keratitis of various etiology ‐ 72 viral, 66 bacterial, 34 fungal (fibrillar and candidal) and 18 amoebal keratitis. For corneal scans we used 400x lens and 63x magnification. Microscopic analysis of epithelial layer was performed to distinguish structures of epithelial cells morphology, inflammatory cells and potential microbes.Results In viral keratitis, due to size of viral particles, highly specific secondary changes within epithelial cells were observed in form of “owl eyes”– an equivalent of active virus replication in cells. In bacterial keratitis we observed structures of bacteria forming streptococcal configuration (diagnosed bacteriologically as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterococcus spp.), granular bacteria could not be easily distinguished because of similarity with leukocytes infiltration (diagnosed bacteriologically as Staphylococci). In fungal keratitis we detected fungi fibrilles (diagnosed mycologically as Fusarium spp.) as well as granular fungi – Candida spp. Amoebal keratitis presented presence of Acantamoeba cysts and trophozoits.Conclusion In vivo analysis of corneal epithelial histology shows high specificity and sensitivity in infectious keratitis diagnosis. Except describing corneal structure and inflammatory cells, it makes possible to distinguish microbiological features of keratitis.
Anterior stromal puncture with Nd: YAG laser for recurrent corneal erosion
Authors: KO BY , KIM SY 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the clinical results of anterior stromal puncture (ASP) using neodymium:yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Nd:YAG) laser for refractory recurrent corneal erosion (RCE).Methods A total of nine eyes from nine patients with unilateral RCE showing poor response to conservative therapy who were treated with Nd:YAG laser ASP from Mar to Dec 2013 were studied. The causes and frequency of erosions and the spot numbers and total energy of the Nd:YAG laser were recorded. The energy setting of the laser was 0.2 or 0.3 mJ per shot. Slit‐lamp examination, refraction, times of laser, recurrence, complications were reviewed.Results The mean preoperative attack frequency was six. The average total energy of the laser was 5.3mJ. Two of the 9 eyes received additional Nd:YAG laser treatment. The mean follow‐up time was 8.5 months. All of the treated eyes had no evidence of recurrence after operation during follow‐up. There was no significant change in refraction. No specific complication except mild corneal haze was observed.Conclusion Nd:YAG laser ASP is a safe and effective procedure to treat refractory RCE in a short period of time.
Changes of corneal endothelium in diabetes patients after cataract phacoemulsification surgery by confocal microscopy
Authors: LIN J , ZHAO G 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To observe the changes of corneal endothelium in diabetes patients before and after cataract phacoemulsification surgery with confocal microscopy for exploring the variation and influencing factors．Methods Phacoemulsification were randomly divided into 50 aged －related cataract patients with diabetes mellitus and 50 patients with senile cataract.Cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation were performed， central corneal thickness， the corneal endothelial cell density， coefficient of variation and percentage of hexagonal cell were measured before surgery， 1 week， 1 month and 3 months after surgery by confocal microscopy．Results Before surgery， there was no statistical difference between the two groups of central corneal thickness， corneal endothelial cell density， coefficient of variation and percentage of 　hexagonal cell． Compared with pre －operation， the central corneal thickness and coefficient of variation were increased post－ operation， but the corneal endothelial cell density and percentage of hexagonal cell decreased gradually．The central corneal thickness of diabetes group was more significantly than control group 1 week， 3 months after surgery, and the corneal endothelial cell density was less significantly than control group．One week， 3 months after surgery， the percentage of hexagonal cell was less than control group. The coefficient of variation was significantly higher than control group.Conclusion Aged －related cataract patients with diabetes mellitus were much more poor tolerability on cataract phacoemulsification surgery． Compared with senile cataract patients， the corneal endothelium injury was more serious and the velocity and validity of recovery were lower comparatively．
Comparison of two different surgical treatments of presbyopia for hyperopic patients over 55 years old: Presbylasik (Supracor) and Prelex (presbyopic lens exchange)
Authors: MOYAL L , ABRIEU M , FROUSSART‐MAILLE F , RIGAL‐SASTOURNE JC 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To compare the efficiency and safety of two surgical treatments of presbyopia, Presbylasik and presbyopic lens exchange (Prelex), and to assess patients’ satisfaction with both procedures.Methods It is a retrospective monocentric clinical trial between 06/2011 and 03/2014 comparing implantation of diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses (Finevision Micro F, PhysIOL) and Supracor (Technolas Perfect Vision, GmbH).Results Forty‐two eyes of 21 patients were treated by 3 physicians, with a mean follow‐up of 3 months. Twenty‐six eyes of 13 hyperopic/presbyopic patients were included for Supracor and 16 eyes of 8 patients for Prelex. Patients were aged over 55. Mean uncorrected binocular distance (DV) and near vision (NV) visual acuity (VA) in the Supracor group were respectively 0,03 (‐0,2 – 0,1) LogMar and 0,23 (0,06 – 0,36) one week post‐operatively and 0,031 (‐0,2 – 0,1) and 0,166 (0,06 – 0,36) 3 months post‐operatively. In the Prelex group, the mean uncorrected one week binocular VA was 0,025 (0 – 0,1) for DV and 0,165 (0,06 – 0,18) for NV and the three months VA was 0 (‐0,1 – 0,1) and 0,105 (0,06 – 0,18) for DV and NV. All Prelex patients were spectacle‐free at all distances, whereas 4 Supracor patients required spectacles for NV post‐operatively. Patients’ satisfaction was high in both groups. Patients reported more halos in the Prelex group (75%). One eye required intraocular lens exchange and 4 eyes (16,7%) required a new corneal procedure in the Supracor group.Conclusion Both surgeries have effective and safe modalities in hyperopic and presbyopic patients. Prelex procedure seems to be more appropriate for patients over 55 yo.
Objective and subjective examinations for evaluation the degree of drusen‐related optic nerve neuropathy
Authors: POJDA‐WILCZEK D , WYCISłO‐GAWRON P 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose Evaluation of influence of the drusen on optic nerve function. Comparison of various diagnostic methods.Methods 27 patients (54 eyes) with optic nerve drusen (average age: 33 years) and 15 healthy patients (30 eyes; average age: 32 years) have been examined. By all patients full ophthalmological examination, static perimetry (Octopus 301, Zeiss), contrast sensitivity with the sine wave contrast test (SWCT) as well as pattern electroretinography (PERG) and pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEP; Reti‐Port, Roland Consult) were conducted. Statistical analysis was based on Mann‐Whitney U Test and Spearman Test.Results Best Corrected Visual Acuity in all eyes amounted to 0.0 logMAR. In PVEP examination, the eyes with optic nerve drusen have revealed a statistically significantly lower P100 wave amplitude at 1 check size (p = 0,0004) and at 15’ (p = 0,046) as well as longer P100 wave latency at 15’ check size (p = 0,046) than healthy eyes. In PERG the amplitude of N95 wave was statistically significantly lower for eyes with optic nerve drusen than for healthy eyes. Statistically significant, negative correlation between the amplitude of N95 wave PERG and the value of MD factor of static visual field (r = ‐ 0,1003) has been found. No significant differences in degrees of contrast sensitivity have been identified.Conclusion Presence of drusen disturbs optic nerve function. Electrophysiological examinations are a sensitive test in identifying visual neuropathy.
Dexamethason implant versus posterior sub‐tenon triamcinolone acetonide for treatment of macular edema and/or vitritis in intraocular inflammatory diseases. Retrospective cases‐series
Authors: ERRERA MH 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To demonstrate efficacy and side‐effect of Ozurdex® compared with posterior sub‐tenon triamcinolone acetonide (PSTA) for the treatment of intraocular inflammatory diseases.Methods The medical records of 36 eyes (33 patients) with uveitic or pseudophakic (Irvine‐Gass syndrome) cystoid macular edema and/or vitritis were reviewed. Twenty seven eyes received Ozurdex® and 20 eyes received 40 mg of PSTA. Eleven eyes received PSTA followed by Ozurdex®.Results A beneficial response to treatment with Ozurdex® was seen in all 27 eyes (100%) but was efficient in 16 out of 20 eyes (80%) after PSTA. The best improvement in visual acuity (VA), resolution of vitritis and reduction in central foveal thickness (CFT) was achieved at 4 weeks with Ozurdex® and between 4 weeks to 8 weeks with PSTA. The median time‐before‐recurrence in patients receiving Ozurdex® versus PSTA was 5.7 months and 6.4 months, respectively. In 3 and 8 patients, no reinjection of PSTA and Ozurdex® were respectively performed due to a combined initiation of corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressive treatment. VA improved from baseline by 0.8 and 0.69(P: .506) and CFT decreased from baseline by 188 µm and 148µm with Ozurdex® and PSTA, respectively(P: .516). The results with Ozurdex® were better than those with PSTA, although the difference did not reach statistical significance. An increase in intraocular pressure (>5 mmHg greater than baseline) was observed in 8 eyes (29%) with Ozurdex® and in 2 eyes (10%) with PSTA well controlled with antiglaucoma medications, though.Conclusion In contrast with PSTA, Ozurdex® was associated with clinical improvement in all patients, mainly as supplementary therapy.
Commercial interest
Metastasis of breast cancer presenting as one and half syndrome
Authors: HYUNKYUNG KIM , TAEYOON LA 
Published: August 2014

AbstractPurpose To report a case of one‐and‐a‐half syndrome caused by pontine metastasis of breast cancer.Methods A 46‐year‐old woman with breast cancer presented with binocular diplopia for 2 month. She had previously been diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma in her left breast and had known metastases to the lung. She had undergone a modified radical mastectomy and chemotherapy. Her binocular horizontal diplopia worsened progressively and accompanied ipsilateral facial parethesia.Results Her visual acuity was 10/20 in both eyes and no abnormal findings were detected on anterior segment exam. Her both eyes were fixed in the midline on attempted right gaze. On attempted left gaze, only left eye abduction was preserved and vertical eye movements were normal. Brain MRI revealed that variable sized nodular enhancing lesions at right pons, both cerebral hemispheres, left globus pallidus, right temporal lobe and upper portion of cerebellar vermis.Conclusion Breast cancer is known to be the second most common cause of brain metastasis. We should pay attention to the patient’s medical history who presenting diplopia
Red flour beetles balance thermoregulation and food acquisition via density‐dependent habitat selection
Authors: Halliday W. D. , Blouin‐Demers G. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractTheories of habitat selection assume that habitat selection patterns are based on the fitness consequences of selecting a particular habitat, and predict that individuals should be distributed between habitats so that each individual obtains the same fitness. The predictions are relatively simple when habitat suitability is based upon the quantity of depletable resources, such as food, in a habitat: individuals should be distributed between habitats in proportion to the depletable resources in those habitats. Yet, non‐depletable resources can also be important in habitat selection. For example, ectotherms must obtain heat from the environment, which causes them to select habitats based, at least partly, upon thermal quality. Non‐depletable resources can cause habitat selection that is independent of density and may modify the value of depletable resources. We used red flour beetles Tribolium castaneum to test the hypothesis that habitat selection by ectotherms depends upon both food abundance and temperature. We determined the thermal preference of red flour beetles. We then conducted habitat selection experiments with beetles when habitats were set at their preferred temperature and 10°C below their preferred temperature. We simultaneously manipulated food abundance in both habitats, and varied population density. We also examined the fitness effects of habitat selection by measuring oviposition rates of beetles. Beetles selected the habitat within their preferred temperature when food was equal between habitats and when food was higher in that habitat across all population densities. Beetles showed equal preference for high‐ and low‐temperature habitats when food was higher in the low‐temperature habitat across all population densities. Fecundity was always higher at the preferred temperature of beetles, regardless of food abundance or population density. Temperature is clearly an important factor in habitat selection of ectotherms and should be considered whenever thermal differences exist between habitats.
Perturbation of the interaction between Gal4p and Gal80p of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae GAL switch results in altered responses to galactose and glucose
Authors: Das Adhikari Akshay Kumar , Qureshi Mohd. Tanvir , Kar Rajesh Kumar , Bhat Paike Jayadeva 
Published: August 2014

SummaryIn S. cerevisiae, following the Whole Genome Duplication (WGD), GAL1‐encoded galactokinase retained its signal transduction function but lost basal expression. On the other hand, its paralogue GAL3, lost kinase activity but retained its signalling function and basal expression, thus making it indispensable for the rapid induction of the S. cerevisiae GAL switch. However, a gal3Δ strain exhibits delayed growth kinetics due to the redundant signalling function of GAL1. The subfunctionalization between the paralogues GAL1 and GAL3 is due to expression divergence and is proposed to be due to the alteration in the Upstream Activating Sequences (UASG). We demonstrate that the GAL switch becomes independent of GAL3 by altering the interaction between Gal4p and Gal80p without altering the configuration of UASG. In addition to the above, the altered switch of S. cerevisiae loses ultrasensitivity and stringent glucose repression. These changes caused an increase in fitness in the disaccharide melibiose at the expense of a decrease in fitness in galactose. The above altered features of the ScGAL switch are similar to the features of the GAL switch of K. lactis that diverged from S. cerevisiae before the WGD.
Variation in plant defences among populations of a range‐expanding plant: consequences for trophic interactions
Authors: Fortuna Taiadjana M. , Eckert Silvia , Harvey Jeffrey A. , Vet Louise E. M. , Müller Caroline , Gols Rieta 
Published: August 2014

Summary

Although plant–herbivore–enemy interactions have been studied extensively in cross‐continental plant invasions, little is known about intra‐continental range expanders, despite their rapid spread globally.

Using an ecological and metabolomics approach, we compared the insect performance of a generalist and specialist herbivore and a parasitoid, as well as plant defence traits, among native, exotic invasive and exotic non‐invasive populations of the Turkish rocket, Bunias orientalis, a range‐expanding species across parts of Eurasia.

In the glasshouse, the generalist herbivore, Mamestra brassicae, and its parasitoid, Microplitis mediator, performed better on non‐native than on native plant populations. Insect performance did not differ between the two non‐native origins. By contrast, the specialist herbivore, Pieris brassicae, developed poorly on all populations. Differences in trichome densities and in the metabolome, particularly in the family‐specific secondary metabolites (i.e. glucosinolates), may explain population‐related variation in the performance of the generalist herbivore and its parasitoid. Total glucosinolate concentrations were significantly induced by herbivory, particularly in native populations.

Native populations of B. orientalis are generally better defended than non‐native populations. The role of insect herbivores and dietary specialization as a selection force on defence traits in the range‐expanding B. orientalis is discussed.