bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breakthrough therapies: Cystic fibrosis (CF) potentiators and correctors
Authors: Solomon George M. , Marshall Susan G. , Ramsey Bonnie W. , Rowe Steven M. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryCystic Fibrosis is caused by mutations in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene resulting in abnormal protein function. Recent advances of targeted molecular therapies and high throughput screening have resulted in multiple drug therapies that target many important mutations in the CFTR protein. In this review, we provide the latest results and current progress of CFTR modulators for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, focusing on potentiators of CFTR channel gating and Phe508del processing correctors for the Phe508del CFTR mutation. Special emphasis is placed on the molecular basis underlying these new therapies and emerging results from the latest clinical trials. The future directions for augmenting the rescue of Phe508del with CFTR modulators are also emphasized. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:S3–S13. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Developing and Testing a Best Practice Framework for Energy Access Interventions
Authors: Chen Xiaoxiao , Narkeviciute Rasa , Haselip James , Mackenzie Gordon A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis article presents an attempt to operationalize the concept of 'best practice', as applied to project‐based interventions to expand energy access in developing countries. To this end a methodology has been developed to quantify project performance across five dimensions, each informed by three key indicators, and aggregate these into a composite indicator, using weights obtained from a survey of experts. The experience demonstrates the inherent limitations in developing a ‘one‐size‐fits‐all’ methodology, revealing the implicit tension between the political desire to refer to objective, absolute, measures of best practice and highly contextual realities where baselines are often lacking. However, the methodology does offer a comparative means to highlight the relative strengths and weaknesses of any given project, enabling both ex‐post assessments and project learning. The study features an analysis of cases selected from the Energy Access Knowledge Base, published by the Global Network on Energy for Sustainable Development (GNESD). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Green Marketing for Sustainable Development: an Industry Perspective
Authors: Garg Arunesh 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis paper investigates and compares acceptability, perceptions, initiatives and obstacles perceived by public and private manufacturing concerns in India in respect of green marketing. The sample of companies was selected from Delhi and north‐western region of India. The study reveals that both public‐sector and private‐sector companies are concerned for environment and believe that green marketing is relevant for sustainable development. It is also perceived as a promotional tool to build customer trust. Obstacles concerning adoption of green marketing by Indian industry are highlighted. The study calls for business firms to adopt environmentalism as a market opportunity rather than merely as compliance to increasing environmental pressures and legislations. Green marketing should become a norm in a developing country like India rather than an exception as it has the potential to contribute substantially in saving the world from environmental pollution and contribute to sustainable development. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Oxytocin enables novelty seeking and creative performance through upregulated approach: evidence and avenues for future research
Authors: De Dreu Carsten K. W. , Baas Matthijs , Boot Nathalie C. 
Published: June 2015

Oxytocin is an evolutionary ancient hypothalamic neuropeptide well known for its role in reproduction, social bonding, and group affiliation. Recent work has linked oxytocin in humans to creative cognition—the ability to produce insights, ideas, and problem solutions that are original and potentially useful. Here we review this literature, focusing on the relationship between (1) single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene; endogenous oxytocin from blood plasma, and intranasal administration of oxytocin (vs placebo), and (2) creativity‐related traits (e.g., novelty seeking, extraversion, and openness to experience), and behaviors (e.g., exploration, divergent thinking, original ideation, and problem solving). Findings are interpreted in the context of the dual pathway to creativity model and except for OXTR: (1) reveal a weak to moderate but consistent association between oxytocin and creativity, which emerges because (2) oxytocin enables the cognitive flexibility pathway more than persistent information processing. Findings can be best understood in terms of oxytocin's putative effects on dopaminergic activity and concomitant approach tendency. WIREs Cogn Sci 2015, 6:409–417. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1354This article is categorized under:

Psychology > Emotion and Motivation
Psychology > Reasoning and Decision Making
Neuroscience > Cognition
Targeting the plasma membrane of neoplastic cells through alkylation: a novel approach to cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Trendowski Matthew , Fondy Thomas P. 
Published: June 2015

SummaryBackground Although DNA-directed alkylating agents and related compounds have been a mainstay in chemotherapeutic protocols due to their ability to readily interfere with the rapid mitotic progression of malignant cells, their clinical utility is limited by DNA repair mechanisms and immunosuppression. However, the same destructive nature of alkylation can be reciprocated at the cell surface using novel plasma membrane alkylating agents. Results Plasma membrane alkylating agents have elicited long term survival in mammalian models challenged with carcinomas, sarcomas, and leukemias. Further, a specialized group of plasma membrane alkylating agents known as tetra-O-acetate haloacetamido carbohydrate analogs (Tet-OAHCs) potentiates a substantial leukocyte influx at the administration and primary tumor site, indicative of a potent immune response. The effects of plasma membrane alkylating agents may be further potentiated through the use of another novel class of chemotherapeutic agents, known as dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) inhibitors, since many cancer types are known to rely on the DHAP pathway for lipid synthesis. Conclusion Despite these compelling data, preliminary clinical trials for plasma membrane-directed agents have yet to be considered. Therefore, this review is intended for academics and clinicians to postulate a novel approach of chemotherapy; altering critical malignant cell signaling at the plasma membrane surface through alkylation, thereby inducing irreversible changes to functions needed for cell survival.
Regulation of heme biosynthesis and transport in metazoa
Authors: Sun FengXiu , Cheng YongJiao , Chen CaiYong 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Heme is an iron-containing tetrapyrrole that plays a critical role in regulating a variety of biological processes including oxygen and electron transport, gas sensing, signal transduction, biological clock, and microRNA processing. Most metazoan cells synthesize heme via a conserved pathway comprised of eight enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Heme can also be acquired from food or extracellular environment. Cellular heme homeostasis is maintained through the coordinated regulation of synthesis, transport, and degradation. This review presents the current knowledge of the synthesis and transport of heme in metazoans and highlights recent advances in the regulation of these pathways.
The Impact of Linseed Oil Lipids on the Physical Properties of Corn Crisps and the Possibility of Obtaining Crisps Enriched with n‐3 Fatty Acids
Authors: Szterk Arkadiusz , Rogalski Mateusz , Szymborski Tomasz 
Published: June 2015

AbstractLinseed oil, also known as flaxseed oil, is obtained from the dried, ripened seeds of the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum). The oil is obtained by pressing, sometimes followed by solvent extraction supported by a refining process. Linseed oil is an edible oil that is in demand as a nutritional supplement, as a source of α‐linolenic acid an n‐3 fatty acid. The aim of this work was to investigate: (1) the influence of the corn crisp extrusion process on the degradation of fatty acids in linseed oil (LO) and some preparations obtained from the linseed oil such as ethyl ester (EE) and free fatty acids (FFA) added to the corn in order to increase the nutritional value of the crisps, (2) influence of the oil and two fatty preparations obtained from it on the quality of corn crisps, (3) interaction of the lipid fraction with starch. The extrusion process did not degrade the fatty acids significantly. Expansion ratio obtained in the corn crisp extrusion process decreased from 620 % down to 153 %, the size of pores/thickness of the starch–protein walls forming the structure of the extruded product decreased from 10 μm down to 4 μm, the hardness of the crisps increased from 20 to 75 N, and number of lipid–starch complexes increased with rising polarity of the lipid fraction. FFA were complexed mostly by starch (about 90 %), to a lesser degree by EE (about 60 %) and to the least extent by triacylglycerols (about 10 %). The studies performed under industrial conditions using the single screw extruder for the production of corn crisps with the application of standard parameters of the extrusion process indicated that the addition of a mass of 5 % of the various lipids (triacylglycerols of linseed oil, ethyl esters and fatty acids obtained from linseed oil) to corn grits prior to the extrusion process significantly affect the quality of corn crisps.
Examining New York City Hospitals’ Nonuse of Medical Volunteers in Disasters
Authors: Williams Marsha , Trued Sally , Duggan Betty , Pruitt Darrin 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo describe hospitals’ perceptions of the New York City Medical Reserve Corps (NYC MRC); clarify administrative, legal, and clinical obstacles to the use of NYC MRC volunteers; and identify possible strategies to overcome these barriers.MethodsWe administered an informational questionnaire to 33 NYC hospitals and conducted 2 facilitated discussion groups comprising 62 hospital representatives.ResultsThe most commonly reported hospital barriers to the use of MRC volunteers were concerns about the clinical competence of the volunteers, their lack of familiarity with medical technology used clinically in a hospital setting, and the potential for institutional liability.ConclusionsAlthough the NYC MRC has the potential to assist the health care system in the event of a disaster, NYC hospitals will need clarification of the clinical and legal issues involved in the use of MRC volunteers for patient care. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:391–395)
Varieties of Representation
Authors: Kalhat Javier 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe concept of representation has a vast and highly diverse extension. In this paper I distinguish four kinds of representation, viz. proxy, make-believe, and intentional representation, as well as representationsimpliciter. The bulk of the paper is devoted to intentional representation. I argue that the relation of intentional representation is non-reflexive, non-symmetrical, and non-transitive. I articulate a fundamental distinction between two aspects of the content of intentional representations, viz. subject and predicative content. Finally, I qualify and defend the distinction between iconic and symbolic intentional representation. Along the way, I also argue that psychological intentions play a constitutive role in representation.
Childhood hyperactivity/inattention and eating disturbances predict binge eating in adolescence
Authors: Sonneville K. R. , Calzo J. P. , Horton N. J. , Field A. E. , Crosby R. D. , Solmi F. , Micali N. 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundIdentifying childhood predictors of binge eating and understanding risk mechanisms could help improve prevention and detection efforts. The aim of this study was to examine whether features of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as childhood eating disturbances, predicted binge eating later in adolescence.MethodWe studied specific risk factors for the development of binge eating during mid-adolescence among 7120 males and females from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a cohort study of children in the UK, using data from multiple informants to develop structural equation models. Repeated assessment of eating disturbances during childhood (mid-childhood overeating, late-childhood overeating and early-adolescent strong desire for food), as well as teacher- and parent-reported hyperactivity/inattention during mid- and late childhood, were considered as possible predictors of mid-adolescent binge eating.ResultsPrevalence of binge eating during mid-adolescence in our sample was 11.6%. The final model of predictors of binge eating during mid-adolescence included direct effects of late-childhood overeating [standardized estimate 0.145, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.038–0.259,p= 0.009] and early-adolescent strong desire for food (standardized estimate 0.088, 95% CI −0.002 to 0.169,p= 0.05). Hyperactivity/inattention during late childhood indirectly predicted binge eating during mid-adolescence (standardized estimate 0.085, 95% CI 0.007–0.128,p= 0.03) via late-childhood overeating and early-adolescent strong desire for food.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that early ADHD symptoms, in addition to an overeating phenotype, contribute to risk for adolescent binge eating. These findings lend support to the potential role of hyperactivity/inattention in the development of overeating and binge eating.
Homing in on consciousness in the nervous system: An action-based synthesis
Authors: Morsella Ezequiel , Godwin Christine A. , Jantz Tiffany K. , Krieger Stephen C. , Gazzaley Adam 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWhat is the primary function of consciousness in the nervous system? The answer to this question remains enigmatic, not so much because of a lack of relevant data, but because of the lack of a conceptual framework with which to interpret the data. To this end, we have developedPassive Frame Theory, an internally coherent framework that, from an action-based perspective, synthesizes empirically supported hypotheses from diverse fields of investigation. The theory proposes that the primary function of consciousness is well-circumscribed, serving thesomatic nervous system. For this system, consciousness serves as a frame that constrains and directs skeletal muscle output, thereby yielding adaptive behavior. The mechanism by which consciousness achieves this is more counterintuitive, passive, and “low level” than the kinds of functions that theorists have previously attributed to consciousness. Passive frame theory begins to illuminate (a) what consciousness contributes to nervous function, (b) how consciousness achieves this function, and (c) the neuroanatomical substrates of conscious processes. Our untraditional, action-based perspective focuses on olfaction instead of on vision and isdescriptive(describing the products of nature as they evolved to be) rather thannormative(construing processes in terms of how they should function). Passive frame theory begins to isolate the neuroanatomical, cognitive-mechanistic, and representational (e.g., conscious contents) processes associated with consciousness.
CONSUMER PREFERENCES FOR SCANNING MODALITY TO DIAGNOSE FOCAL LIVER LESIONS
Authors: Whitty Jennifer , Filby Alexandra , Smith Adam B , Carr Louise M 
Published: June 2015

Objectives: Differences in the process of using liver imaging technologies might be important to patients. This study aimed to investigate preferences for scanning modalities used in diagnosing focal liver lesions.Methods: A discrete choice experiment was administered to 504 adults aged ≥25 years. Respondents made repeated choices between two hypothetical scans, described according to waiting time for scan and results, procedure type, the chance of minor side-effects, and whether further scanning procedures were likely to be required. Choice data were analyzed using mixed-logit models with respondent characteristics used to explain preference heterogeneity.Results: Respondents preferred shorter waiting times, the procedure to be undertaken with a handheld scanner on a couch instead of within a body scanner, no side-effects, and no follow‑up scans (p ≤ .01). The average respondent was willing to wait an additional 2 weeks for the scan if it resulted in avoiding side-effects, 1.5 weeks to avoid further procedures or to be told the results immediately, and 1 week to have the scan performed on a couch with a handheld scanner. However, substantial heterogeneity was observed in the strength of preference for desirable imaging characteristics.Conclusions: An average individual belonging to a general population sub‑group most likely to require imaging to characterize focal liver lesions in the United Kingdom would prefer contrast‑enhanced ultrasound over magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography. Insights into the patient perspective around differential characteristics of imaging modalities have the potential to be used to guide recommendations around the use of these technologies.
Recanalisation of the closed ductus arteriosus in a critically ill infant with transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Soo Kok W. , Leong Ming C. , Khalid Faizah 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe describe the case of an infant who was a late presenter of transposition of the great arteries where we proceeded with ductal stenting to improve oxygenation and left ventricle training. Stenting improved the infant’s saturation while keeping the left ventricle well trained for 4 months after the procedure. This report demonstrates that intermediate-term left ventricle training can be achieved via ductal stenting.
Assessing Mindfulness on a Sample of Catalan-Speaking Spanish Adolescents: Validation of the Catalan Version of the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure
Authors: Viñas Ferran , Malo Sara , González Mònica , Navarro Dolors , Casas Ferran 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackground: Interest in mindfulness has increased over the last decade, resulting in several mindfulness-based interventions being developed and their efficacy empirically demonstrated. The practice of mindfulness has been associated with low levels of anxiety or depression and improved quality of life or personal well-being. The aim of this study is to translate the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) and adapt it to Catalan so as to analyze its internal consistency and construct and convergent validity. Method: The CAMM was administered to a sample of secondary school students ranging in age from 11 to 16 years old. Results: The Catalan version of the CAMM shows a good fit with the unidimensional model and internal consistency similar to the original version (α = .80). Furthermore, CAMM scores correlated positively with subjective well-being, temperamental dimensions of effortful control and self-esteem. Conclusions: The Catalan Version of CAMM is a valid and reliable measure of mindfulness skills.
Adversity and Adjustment in Children in Institutions, Family Foster Care, and Adoption
Authors: Jiménez-Morago Jesús M. , León Esperanza , Román Maite 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis study’s objective was to identify the adversity profiles of children in different childcare placements, and to analyze their relationship with subsequent psychological adjustment. We studied a group of 230 children 4 to 10 years old indifferent childcare placements (international adoption, institutional care, non-kin foster care, and kinship care), as well as a control group. Information was collected from parent or caregiver interviews and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The results showed that children in the child welfare system had experienced significant adversity before their current placement, especially among institutional care cases and international adoptees. Meanwhile, children in kinship care had experienced less adversity (p< .001; size effects fromd> .50 tod> .80). After a period of time in their respective placements, children’s psychological adjustment was generally positive, but children living in institutional care exhibited the most problems and difficulties, followed by non-kin foster care cases (p< .001; size effects fromd> .50 tod> .80). Finally, we found that children’s early adversity levels (p< .05;r= .16), age of current placement (p< .01;r= .23), and duration of current placement (p< .05:r= –.19) were all tied to current psychological adjustment.
A simple three-input DNA-based system works as a full-subtractor
Authors: Lin Hung-Yin , Chen Jian-Zhou , Li Hao-Yi , Yang Chia-Ning 
Published: June 2015

AbstractOver the past decade, DNA has demonstrated remarkable potential in fabrication of molecular logic and arithmetic systems. In this work, a simple DNA-based system mimicking a full-subtractor that handles three inputs including one minuend and two subtrahends for eight input/output conditions is successfully designed. The whole system is established by one gate molecule and three input sequences, all made of single-stranded DNA sequences.
Harbour porpoises react to low levels of high frequency vessel noise
Authors: Dyndo Monika , Wiśniewska Danuta Maria , Rojano-Doñate Laia , Madsen Peter Teglberg 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCetaceans rely critically on sound for navigation, foraging and communication and are therefore potentially affected by increasing noise levels from human activities at sea. Shipping is the main contributor of anthropogenic noise underwater, but studies of shipping noise effects have primarily considered baleen whales due to their good hearing at low frequencies, where ships produce most noise power. Conversely, the possible effects of vessel noise on small toothed whales have been largely ignored due to their poor low-frequency hearing. Prompted by recent findings of energy at medium- to high-frequencies in vessel noise, we conducted an exposure study where the behaviour of four porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in a net-pen was logged while they were exposed to 133 vessel passages. Using a multivariate generalised linear mixed-effects model, we show that low levels of high frequency components in vessel noise elicit strong, stereotyped behavioural responses in porpoises. Such low levels will routinely be experienced by porpoises in the wild at ranges of more than 1000 meters from vessels, suggesting that vessel noise is a, so far, largely overlooked, but substantial source of disturbance in shallow water areas with high densities of both porpoises and vessels.