bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety of gadoxetate disodium: results from six clinical phase IV studies in 8194 patients
Authors: Endrikat Jan , Kim So Yeon , Sakaguchi Toshiaki , Dohanish Susan , Breuer Josy 
Published: June 2015

Background Safety data on routine clinical use of gadoxetate disodium for liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not reported yet. Purpose To assess the safety profile of gadoxetate disodium for liver MRI in the routine clinical setting. Material and Methods Six multicenter studies were performed in Europe, USA, Australia, and Asia to evaluate the safety and efficacy of gadoxetate disodium (Primovist®/Eovist®) enhanced liver MRI. Patients received a single intravenous bolus injection of the standard approved dose of 0.025 mmol/kg body weight (0.1 mL/kg). The number of patients, the characteristics of adverse events, related adverse events, and serious adverse events were analyzed. Results A total of 8194 patients were included in the database. A total of 141 patients (1.7%) reported 230 AEs of which 129 were considered being related to the use of gadoxetate disodium by the investigators. None of the AEs in the pediatric population ( n = 52) were related. The most frequent AEs independent of relationship to the drug included dyspnea (25/0.31%), nausea (22/0.27%), liver disorders (13/0.16%), and renal disorders (9/0.11%). Nine related SAEs were recorded. No patient died during the studies. Conclusion Gadoxetate disodium for liver MRI is safe and well tolerated in the routine clinical setting.
Validation of the dorsal approach for the blockade of the femoral nerve using ultrasound and nerve electrolocation in cats
Authors: Haro Paulina , Laredo Francisco , Gil Francisco , Belda Eliseo , Ayala María D , Soler Marta , Agut Amalia 
Published: June 2015

Objectives This study was conducted to validate the dorsal approach for femoral nerve (FN) blockade in cats and to verify the efficacy of the sole use of peripheral nerve electrolocation (PNE) or ultrasound (US)-guided technique to achieve the block. Methods This study was carried out in two phases. In phase 1, five adult experimental cats were used to validate the approach. In each cat, one FN was located by US and the accuracy of this location confirmed by PNE. Then, 2 mg/kg lidocaine 2% (diluted in saline to a final volume of 1 ml) was injected around the target nerve and the success of the blockade was evaluated. In phase 2, four adult experimental cats were included in two groups to verify the reliability of this approach to block eight FNs by the sole use of PNE (group 1) or US-guided technique (group 2). Evidence of motor blockade, time required to perform the blockade, onset time and duration of the blockades were determined. Results The FN was successfully located by US in all cats enrolled in phase 1, as confirmed by PNE in all cases. The success rate was clinically higher in group 2 (87.5%) than in group 1 (75.0%). The US-guided technique required less time to perform and produced blocks of longer duration. Recovery was uneventful in all cases. Conclusions and relevance The combined use of PNE and US-guided technique enabled validation of the dorsal approach for the FN blockade as it provided a successful FN blockade in all cases. The sole use of a US-guided technique may offer some advantages over the use of a sole PNE-guided technique to perform these blocks.
Polyethylene glycol plus an oral sulfate solution as a bowel cleansing regimen for colon capsule endoscopy: a prospective, single-arm study in healthy volunteers
Authors: Kashyap Pankaj K. , Peled Ravit 
Published: June 2015

Objectives: As with colonoscopy, adequate bowel cleansing is essential prior to colon capsule endoscopy (CCE). Because CCE requires that the capsule traverse the entire gastrointestinal tract during the examination, laxative ‘boosters’ are used. The objective of this prospective, single-center, single-arm study was to evaluate the safety of a bowel preparation consisting of polyethylene glycol (PEG) plus an oral sulfate solution. Methods: Subjects were healthy volunteers aged 50–75 years old with normal baseline serum chemistry. The bowel preparation consisted of 4 Senna tablets, 4 liters of PEG (split dose), 10 mg metoclopramide, 2 oral sulfate solution boosters (6 oz. and 3 oz.), and 10 mg bisacodyl. Serum chemistry was performed at baseline, following PEG intake, 24 hours after bisacodyl administration, and at 7 days post procedure (in subjects with abnormal 24 hour results). The primary endpoints were the percentage of subjects with a clinically significant change in serum chemistry at the last test and the adverse event (AE) rate. Results: A total of 25 subjects were enrolled. The serum chemistry was normal in all subjects at the final evaluation. One subject showed a slight elevation in creatinine (1.08 mg/dl 7 days post procedure from 0.84 mg/dl at baseline), deemed not clinically significant. Another subject had a transient elevation in serum creatinine (from 1.01 mg/dl at baseline to 1.45 mg/dl at 24 hours after the bowel preparation); values returned to near baseline at 7 days post procedure (1.06 mg/dl). There were no serious AEs, three moderate AEs related to the bowel preparation (nausea, headache, elevated creatinine) and two mild unrelated AEs (chills, abdominal cramping). Conclusions: A bowel cleansing regimen of PEG plus an oral sulfate solution can be used in healthy volunteers. These data provide support for the continued study of this regimen in future CCE clinical trials and in medical practice.
Imaging in Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Shetty Teena , Raince Avtar , Manning Erin , Tsiouris Apostolos John 
Published: June 2015

Context: The diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) can only be made pathologically, and there is no concordance of defined clinical criteria for premorbid diagnosis. The absence of established criteria and the insufficient imaging findings to detect this disease in a living athlete are of growing concern. Evidence Acquisition: The article is a review of the current literature on CTE. Databases searched include Medline, PubMed, JAMA evidence, and evidence-based medicine guidelines Cochrane Library, Hospital for Special Surgery, and Cornell Library databases. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Results: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy cannot be diagnosed on imaging. Examples of imaging findings in common types of head trauma are discussed. Conclusion: Further study is necessary to correlate the clinical and imaging findings of repetitive head injuries with the pathologic diagnosis of CTE.
Do clinicians use more question marks?
Authors: Zijlmans Maeike , Otte Willem M , van’t Klooster Maryse A , van Diessen Eric , Leijten Frans SS , Sander Josemir W 
Published: June 2015

Objective To quantify the use of question marks in titles of published studies. Design and setting Literature review. Participants All Pubmed publications between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2013 with an available abstract. Papers were classified as being clinical when the search terms clin*, med* or patient* were found anywhere in the paper’s title, abstract or the journal’s name. Other papers were considered controls. As a verification, clinical journals were compared to non-clinical journals in two different approaches. Also, 50 highest impact journals were explored for publisher group dependent differences. Main outcome measure Total number of question marks in titles. Results A total of 368,362 papers were classified as clinical and 596,889 as controls. Clinical papers had question marks in 3.9% (95% confidence interval 3.8–4.0%) of titles and other papers in 2.3% (confidence interval 2.3–2.3%; p < 0.001). These findings could be verified for clinical journals compared to non-clinical journals. Different percentages between four publisher groups were found ( p < 0.01). Conclusion We found more question marks in titles of clinical papers than in other papers. This could suggest that clinicians often have a question-driven approach to research and scientists in more fundamental research a hypothesis-driven approach. An alternative explanation is that clinicians like catchy titles. Publishing groups might have pro- and anti-question mark policies.
AIM/CD5L: a key protein in the control of immune homeostasis and inflammatory disease
Authors: Sanjurjo Lucía , Aran Gemma , Roher Nerea , Valledor Annabel F , Sarrias Maria-Rosa 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
CD5L, a soluble protein belonging to the SRCR superfamily, is expressed mostly by macrophages in lymphoid and inflamed tissues. The expression of this protein is transcriptionally controlled by LXRs, members of the nuclear receptor family that play major roles in lipid homeostasis. Research undertaken over the last decade has uncovered critical roles of CD5L as a PRR of bacterial and fungal components and in the control of key mechanisms in inflammatory responses, with involvement in processes, such as infection, atherosclerosis, and cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of CD5L, its roles at the intersection between lipid homeostasis and immune response, and its potential use as a diagnostic biomarker in a variety of diseases, such as TB and liver cirrhosis.
Salt, chloride, bleach, and innate host defense
Authors: Wang Guoshun , Nauseef William M 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Salt provides 2 life-essential elements: sodium and chlorine. Chloride, the ionic form of chlorine, derived exclusively from dietary absorption and constituting the most abundant anion in the human body, plays critical roles in many vital physiologic functions, from fluid retention and secretion to osmotic maintenance and pH balance. However, an often overlooked role of chloride is its function in innate host defense against infection. Chloride serves as a substrate for the generation of the potent microbicide chlorine bleach by stimulated neutrophils and also contributes to regulation of ionic homeostasis for optimal antimicrobial activity within phagosomes. An inadequate supply of chloride to phagocytes and their phagosomes, such as in CF disease and other chloride channel disorders, severely compromises host defense against infection. We provide an overview of the roles that chloride plays in normal innate immunity, highlighting specific links between defective chloride channel function and failures in host defense.
(Dis)graceful dancing bodies in South Africa
Authors: Samuel Gerard M. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Why is the inclusion of the disabled significant for Dance? How do the different ways in which dance by people with disabilities and older dancers aid one’s understanding of Othering? This article extends my earlier discussion offered in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011a, 2011b and 2012 that these largely marginalized groups suffer similar fate of invisibility within concert/theatre dance in South Africa. Gayatri Spivak’s provocation of the voiceless and Sylvia Glasser’s politics of dance foreground my argument of diverse dancing bodies. Dance, like multiple Englishes, opens up avenues of tolerance and grace for all South Africans. Recent choreographic examples such as Ina Wichterich-Mogane’s Lovaffair and Ananda Fuchs’s Fragile Falling reflect a continuum of disgraceful dancing bodies, marked on the periphery that could be seen as an aesthetic and ethical necessity in postcolonial spaces. These inclusions could constitute new pathways to valuing the lived and performative experiences of such diverse bodies.
Impossible dances: Staging disability in Brazil
Authors: Teixeira Ana Carolina Bezerra 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In this article I discuss the creative experiences of dance artists with disabilities and their relationship to an economy of social inclusiveness that animates the neo-liberal tendencies of democratic Brazil. I discuss dance performances that involve people with disabilities in the context of Brazil’s artistic communities and social policies. I begin with my experience as a dancer and director of Roda Viva Cia de Dança and then review other contemporary artists with disabilities from Brazil, such as Marcos Abranches, in order to reimagine not only the social but also the artistic implications that disability might have for dance in Brazil. My goal is to move ideologically beyond the inclusive model that allows everyone to dance and emphasize the ­importance of artistic voice and creative autonomy.
Reflections on Simon Hantaï: Daniel Buren in conversation with Daniel Sturgis, Varennes-Jarcy, 23 September 2014
Authors: Sturgis Daniel 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This article, in the form of a conversation between Daniel Buren and Daniel Sturgis, reflects upon Daniel Buren’s friendship and respect for the work of Simon Hantaï. Daniel Buren talks of his introduction to Simon Hantaï’s work, and how Hantaï influenced not only himself but also other artists from his generation and in particular Michel Parmentier. Daniel Buren also looks critically at the Simon Hantaï retrospective at the Centre Pompidou in 2013, which he felt did not fully capture the radical qualities that first drew him to Hantaï’s paintings and installations.
Influence of Melissa officinalis essential oil and its formulation on Typhlodromips swirskii and Neoseiulus barkeri (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Authors: Abdel Kader M. M. , Momen F. M. , Sammour E. A. , Aly S. M. , Fahim S. F. 
Published: June 2015

The toxicity of Melissa officinalis L. essential oil and its formulation (Melissacide) were evaluated against eggs and females of two predatory phytoseiid mites, Typhlodromips swirskii (Athias Henriot) and Neoseiulus barkeri (Hughes), using direct spray. Results indicate that both tested materials were potent on predatory females than egg stage. Typhlodromips swirskii was proved to be more sensitive to the oil and formulation than N. barkeri.
Females mortality were (62-100%) in T. swirskii, and (46-69%) in N. barkeri, when both predatory mites were sprayed with LC50 and LC90 of the oil and Melissacide reported on Tetranychus urticae Koch. Females of both predators were suffered from reduction in food consumption when sprayed with two sublethal concentrations of Melissacide, while insignificant differences reported in daily number of eggs deposited by females of T. swirskii, when sprayed with its LC25 value of Melissacide and control.
Les différentes facettes du concept de patrimoine : compatibilité avec des projets de développement durable (The different aspects of the concept of heritage and their compatibility with a sustainable development project)
Authors: Tissut M. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract. - The watershed of a small natural lake (Aiguebelette) from Savoie (France) was chosen for this study.
This geographic system can be considered as a global heritage composed of different potentials : drinking water, production of electricity, tourism, sport, fauna, flora, environmental natural potential, landscape, human activities, culture.
The protection of each part of this global heritage requires actions that may seem contradictory and a sustainable development project has first to define its priorities.
They are two major threats for the future, which are 1) lake contamination due to an accident ; 2) rurbanisation due to the position of the lake in the outskirts of the town Chambery.
A protection program has to be elaborated which concerns agriculture maintenance in the watershed, urbanisation control, the organization of industrial and trade activities with the other parts of the Savoie department, lake and river protection and communication within the population.
The development of close relations with the adjoining natural park of Chartreuse may stimulate the elaboration of such a program.
Productions agricoles de qualité dans le Transcaucase : quel avenir pour l'agriculture post-collectiviste ? L'exemple de l'Arménie (Agricultural products of quality in Transcaucasus : which future for post-collectivist agriculture ? The case of Armenia)
Authors: Ardillier-Carras Françoise 
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - Dans le système soviétique, les productions de qualité - agricoles ou non - n'étaient pas programmées par le Plan qui privilégiait, avant tout, les quantités. Or, les régions méridionales de l'URSS possédaient des spécificités agricoles rares et réputées sur le marché de l'Union. Mais on ne parlait pas pour autant de «patrimoine», on ne faisait pas référence explicite au «terroir».
Aujourd'hui, la redéfinition du terme de qualité est indissociable des orientations que doivent prendre les nouveaux Etats indépendants dans l'économie de marché. Après avoir abordé le contexte de la production agricole dans les trois RSS de Transcaucasie, seront évoquées, par l'exemple de l'Arménie, les problématiques nouvelles - en particulier la perception de la qualité - dont dépend l'avenir de l 'agriculture post-soviétique.
Climat : l’injustice faite au Sud
Authors: Narain Sunita , Deville-Fradin Valentine 
Published: June 2015

Alors que le réchauffement climatique produit déjà des effets délétères, les négociations sur le climat ont jusqu’à présent largement échoué. Si tous les États doivent faire des efforts, les pays riches ont une obligation morale de montrer l’exemple : ils sont en grande partie responsables du stock de CO 2 présent dans l’atmosphère, et les pays du Sud ont aussi le droit de se développer. En d’autres termes, la notion d’équité doit être mise au cœur de la Conférence de Paris.
Boko Haram, une exception dans la mouvance djihadiste ?
Authors: Pérouse de Montclos Marc-Antoine 
Published: June 2015

Boko Haram, créé vers 2002 et dirigé depuis 2010 par Abubakar Shekau, demeure un groupe mal connu. Tantôt qualifié de secte, de mouvement insurrectionnel, d’organisation terroriste ou djihadiste, il prospère dans un pays où pauvreté et corruption font des ravages. Les populations locales sont prises entre deux feux : d’un côté, Boko Haram brûle des villages et kidnappe des jeunes filles ; de l’autre, l’armée nigériane applique des méthodes brutales qui ne font qu’empirer la situation.
Le concept de risque pays
Authors: Gaillard Norbert 
Published: June 2015

L’expression « risque pays » a émergé dans les années 1960 aux États-Unis. Son acception a évolué au fil du temps, sans qu’une définition ne s’impose véritablement. Parfois confondu avec le risque souverain, le risque pays est en réalité plus large : il englobe par exemple les risques sociaux ou climatiques. Différents acteurs – agences spécialisées, banques, etc. – cherchent à évaluer le risque pays, mais les résultats obtenus varient sensiblement selon la méthodologie employée.
Pour introduire le concept de vengeance en psychanalyse
Authors: Dupeu Jean-Marc 
Published: June 2015

L’auteur propose de mettre en évidence dans l’œuvre freudienne un « pré-concept » souterrain (en partie « refoulé ») quoique récurent, de vengeance. Il en montre l’importance dans la théorie du rêve et celle des névroses, dans le Jeu de la bobine ainsi que dans certains œuvres anthropologiques. Il fait l’hypothèse que la discrétion de son statut (malgré sa récurrence) tient au renoncement par Freud à sa théorie de la séduction qui, en affirmant le primat du fantasme, tend à faire passer au second plan l’importance de l’autre dans la constitution du psychisme. Il propose de voir dans la revanche agie une sublimation du fantasme de vengeance.
De la faille à la source
Authors: Dufour Jacques 
Published: June 2015

Dans ce texte, l’auteur propose d’entendre le besoin de consolation comme un contenu manifeste où le travail analytique différenciera deux courants pulsionnels à partir d’une faille psychique de douleur. Le premier courant, nostalgie des objets primaires qui ont failli comme objet de désir, voit la faille devenir source d’un travail interprétatif de ce qui a manqué ; le second courant, sous l’emprise d’une compulsion liée à une blessure narcissique due à un défaut primordial de l’objet, voit la faille rester faille béante inconsolable, et exige de l’analyste un travail de transformation de ce qui n’a pas été en ce qui va se construire au sein du transfert-contre-transfert.
Des chansons de l’enfance à l’écoute analytique
Authors: Ferveur Christophe 
Published: June 2015

« Absolument pas musicien ». Ainsi se présentait Freud. Pourtant, la cure de parole place au cœur de son processus le langage et toute la matière musicale dont il est tissé, tantôt apaisante et consolante, tantôt dynamique et conflictuelle. Développant une métapsychologie du langage, Freud n’en a pas moins laissé des pistes pour entendre autrement , et réfléchir à une métapsychologie de l’écoute. En lien avec les évocations de Freud concernant le sonore originaire, infantile ou culturel que peuvent nous enseigner les chansons de l’enfance pour l’écoute analytique ?
Évolution des registres de l’action, de la ruse à la mobilisation de la notion « droit » par les habitants des bidonvilles au Maroc
Authors: Essahel Habiba 
Published: June 2015

À partir d’un travail empirique, l’article propose d’identifier les modes de contestation et les répertoires d’action mobilisés par les habitants des bidonvilles pour intégrer leur quartier à la ville ou contester une transformation urbaine. Deux bidonvilles de Rabat serviront de support à notre démonstration : les douars El Kora et Dlim à Rabat (Maroc) concernés par une opération de relogement. Le premier ne subit qu’un léger déplacement d’une partie de ses habitants, par une opération de relogement in-situ alors que le second voit sa population relogée en lointaine périphérie de la ville. Contrairement à la passivité qui leur a été longtemps attribuée, les bidonvillois démontrent une capacité d’organisation et une capacité à se mettre en scène à des temporalités bien précises pour engager des mobilisations. Ainsi, leurs répertoires d’action se sont diversifiés et intensifiés. En effet, les émeutes urbaines qui qualifiaient les années 1980 puis 1990, comme moment de contestation sociales et moment de déclenchement de nouveaux postulats dans les politiques urbaines laissent place à des revendications vers le registre du droit ; le droit qui « émerge » comme répertoire majeur depuis la fin des années 1990 jusqu’à nos jours dans un contexte particulier, celui des Printemps arabes. Cet angle d’approche représente une manière innovante d’aborder le terrain des bidonvilles marocains, au demeurant largement documenté par les sciences sociales et la recherche urbaine.
Stratification, luttes sociales et démocratie chez Charles Wright Mills
Authors: Le Goff Alice 
Published: June 2015

Dans cet article, nous développons une réflexion sur le conflit en démocratie en nous appuyant sur une étude du parcours et des travaux de Charles Wright Mills. Comme celle de Pierre Bourdieu qui lui fait écho sur de nombreux points et avec laquelle nous l’entrecroisons, la démarche de Mills fournit les bases d’une réflexion sur les conditions sociales d’une authentique conflictualité démocratique, orientée vers une déconstruction de certaines formes de domination. Tout d’abord, le travail de Mills intègre un questionnement sur l’impact des formes de stratification sociale sur le développement des luttes sociales. Mills contribue ainsi à mettre en relief, dans le contexte américain, une interaction permanente des luttes de classe et des luttes statutaires et une certaine neutralisation des premières par les secondes. La mise en relief par Bourdieu de la prégnance, au sein des divers champs sociaux, des luttes de classement va dans le même sens. Ensuite, un retour sur la notion de « société de masse » chez Mills permet de mettre en relief la façon dont ce dernier voit dans le déclin de l’autonomie des ordres institutionnels un facteur d’étouffement de la conflictualité démocratique. Enfin, nous comparons la façon dont Mills et Bourdieu défendent, chacun à sa manière, une « politique de vérité ». L’analyse de la portée et des limites d’une telle politique nous amène à souligner en quoi l’autonomie des ordres institutionnels ou des champs sociaux est une condition et un enjeu à la fois structurant et foncièrement ambivalent de la conflictualité démocratique.