bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Das Wasserwunder von Rephidim (Ex 17,1-7) als Schlüsseltext eines nachpriesterschriftlichen Mosebildes
Authors: Berner Christoph 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Contrary to a still widespread belief, the story of Moses miraculously procuring water from the rock in Ex 17:1-7 is not of pre-Priestly origin. Rather, already the basic stratum of the text (Ex 17:1bβ, 3aβb, 4-6) proves to be a post-Priestly composition. It is part of what I label the ‘Stabbearbeitung’ which is first attested in Ex 4:17, 20b and has moreover left its traces in form of a set of additions to the first plague (Ex 7:15b, 17*, 20*) which is now presented as a miracle performed by Moses using his staff in front of an Egyptian audience. Together with the water miracle performed with the same staff in front of the elders (Ex 17:5-6), the ‘Stabbearbeitung’ prepares for Deut 34:11-12 where Moses is presented as a unique miracle worker. This late picture of Moses is further elaborated in subsequent post-Priestly expansions (Ex 15:23-26; 17:2, 3aα, 7* and 17:7-13, 15 [16a?]) through which the narrative sequence between the events at the sea of reeds and the arrival at the mountain of revelation gradually reached its present form.
1 Sam 20 et son contexte
Authors: Baziomo Raoul 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This paper addresses the issue of the assumed conflicting setting of 1 Sam 20 in the narrative flow of 1 Sam 18-20. It formulates the hypothesis that careful examination of the way the characters of Jonathan and Michal appear in the plot and are portrayed to act suggests a perspective according to which 1 Sam 20 turns out to perform a narrative function relevant to its immediate context.
Folk-Etymology, and its Influence on Metatron Traditions
Authors: Miller Michael T. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
This paper takes a new approach to the contentious area of the etymology of Metatron, applying the lessons learnt from biblical folk-etymologies which have been shown to actively influence the writing of narratives. In the first section one such possible folk-etymology is proposed, based around the sequence TTR as a divine name in Metatron, along with some suggestions of how this could have influenced the narratives around the angel, and how this could have become part of the perceived nature of the angel. In the second section, texts from the Hekhalot literature are analysed to show that similar angelic etymologies which integrate a divine name into the angel’s name are commonplace during this period.
Training of mental health peer support workers in a non-western high-income city: Preliminary evaluation and experience
Authors: Tse Samson , Tsoi Emily Wing See , Wong Stephen , Kan Alice , Kwok Caroline Fei-Yeng 
Published: March 2013

Background and Aims: Peer support workers are an emerging workforce within the mental health system in Hong Kong. The purposes of this paper were to describe the development of a peer support training programme and to evaluate its outcome from the perspectives of both trainees and the users of services that they provided. Method: The curriculum consisted of six weeks of coursework on the recovery approach and a 24-week paid internship at the Warmline telephone service. We gathered feedback from 22 Warmline users. Eighteen trainees were also assessed using the three recovery-related psychosocial measures and qualitative methods. Results: The Warmline service provided by peer support trainees lessened the isolation of service users and raised their hopes. Compared to the baseline, the peer support trainees scored marginally higher on the psychosocial measures at the end of the training. At post-training evaluation, peer support trainees said that they had gained in knowledge, were more hopeful about their own recovery, and had developed mutually supportive relationships among themselves and with their supervisors. Conclusion: The programme shows potential benefits for both Warmline service users and trainees. Future studies should compare different training methods and examine the implementation of peer support services in a non-western cultural context.
Transnational legal sites and democracy-building
Authors: Benhabib Seyla 
Published: March 2013

Until recently the term ‘cosmopolitanism’ was a forgotten concept in the intellectual history of the 18th and 19th centuries. The last two decades have seen a remarkable revival of interest in cosmopolitanism across a wide variety of fields. This article contends that legal developments since the 1948 Declaration of Human Rights and the rise of an ‘international human rights regime’ are at the forefront of a new cosmopolitanism. Yet there is a great deal of skepticism toward such claims on the part of those who maintain that democracy and human rights are best furthered by the nation-state framework. Still others confuse legal cosmopolitanism with the spread of a uniform system of rights across different national jurisdictions. In several writings in the past, I developed the concept of ‘democratic iterations’ to argue against such skepticism as well as misunderstandings of legal cosmopolitanism. In this article, I show how democratic iterations unfold across transnational legal sites, which encompass various national jurisdictions and through which contentious dialogues on the application and interpretation of such fundamental rights as ‘freedom of religion’ in different jurisdictions can emerge. To document such processes I focus on the Leyla Sahin v. Turkey case which was adjudicated by the European Court of Human Rights in 2005.
An Adapted Brief Strategic Family Therapy for Gang-Affiliated Mexican American Adolescents
Authors: Valdez Avelardo , Cepeda Alice , Parrish Danielle , Horowitz Rosalind , Kaplan Charles 
Published: March 2013

Objective: This study assessed the effectiveness of an adapted Brief Strategic Family Therapy (BSFT) intervention for gang-affiliated Mexican American adolescents and their parents. Methods: A total of 200 adolescents and their family caregivers were randomized to either a treatment or a control condition. Outcomes included adolescent substance use, conflict resolution, gang identification, parent substance use knowledge, gang awareness, family cohesion, child conduct problems and stress. Participants were assessed at baseline, treatment exit at 16 weeks, and 6 months follow-up. General linear mixed-effects and generalized estimating equations models were used to evaluate between-group differences in outcomes. Results: There were significant differences between the BFST and control groups on adolescent alcohol use at 6 months and parents’ reported conduct problems. No impact on marijuana use was found. Conclusions: Results provide emerging evidence supporting the adapted BSFT for gang-affiliated Mexican American adolescents and their families for alcohol and behavioral outcomes. Future adaptations may be needed to reduce drug use.
Cardioprotective Effect of Calcitriol on Myocardial Injury Induced by Isoproterenol in Rats
Authors: Wang Xinfeng , Zhu Yanhe , Wang Xinghui , Yang Yubai , Cheng Shaoli 
Published: March 2013

Background Calcitriol (CAL), an active form of vitamin D, plays a vital role in controlling cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. The aim of the present study is to explore the effects of CAL and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms on myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol (ISO). Methods Myocardial impairment was induced by the subcutaneous injection of ISO in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, and the therapeutic effect of CAL was assessed. Biometric and echocardiographic parameters, interstitial fibrosis, oxidant–antioxidant status, and protein expression relevant to the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway were then measured. Results Calcitriol treatment improved the cardiac injury resulting from excessive ISO stimulation, as supported by the suppression of the development of myocardial hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and H2O2 level in heart tissue. The decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities induced by ISO were also improved by CAL. Finally, the administration of CAL downregulated the protein expression of Bax and caspase-9. Conclusions This study provides evidence that CAL ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and oxidative stress in ISO-induced cardiac injury and might play a vital cardioprotective role in such injuries.
Importance of the time of initiation of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists on risk of mortality in patients with heart failure
Authors: Rossi Rosario , Crupi Nicola , Coppi Francesca , Monopoli Daniel , Sgura Fabio 
Published: March 2013

Introduction: Several studies have definitively shown the benefit of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) in patients with heart failure (HF). However, very few prior studies examined the relationship between the timing of initiation of MRAs and prognosis. In addition, on this topic, there is no information regarding the specific population of patients suffering a first episode of decompensated congestive HF. Methods: We studied a homogenous cohort of patients discharged alive from our hospital after a first episode of decompensated congestive HF, in order to clarify the association between time of aldosterone receptor antagonist (ARA) initiation (within the first 90 days after hospital discharge) and mortality. Our population was composed of a series of consecutive patients. All-cause mortality was compared between patients who initiated MRAs at discharge (early group) and those who initiated MRAs one month later and up to 90 days after discharge (delayed group). We used prescription time distribution matching to control for survival difference between groups. Results: The early and delayed groups consisted of 365 and 320 patients, respectively. During the one-year follow-up, a significant difference in mortality was demonstrated between groups. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for early versus delayed initiation were 1.72 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96 to 2.84) at six months, and 1.93 (95% CI 1.18 to 3.14) at one year. Conclusions: Delay of MRA initiation up to 30 to 90 days after discharge implies a significant increase in mortality compared with MRA initiation at discharge, after a first episode of decompensate congestive HF.
Increased circulatory RAS activity can be inhibited by statins in patients with hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Long Huang , Wang Ling , Su Hai , Xu Jinsong , Li Juxiang , Peng Qiang , Dong Yifei , Cheng Xiaoshu 
Published: March 2013

Objective: The objective of this paper is to investigate a profile on circulatory renin−angiotensin system (RAS) activity in hypercholesterolemic (HC) patients treated with statins. Methods: Eighteen primary HC patients and 18 sex- and age-matched healthy adults were included in this study as controls. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL-C, blood glucose, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, and angiotensin II (Ang II) levels were measured before and four and eight weeks after beginning statin treatment in the HC group. Similar measurements were taken in the control group at baseline. Results: At baseline, TC, TG and LDL-C levels, as well as ACE activity and Ang II concentrations, were significantly higher in the HC group than in the control group. Based on the baseline data collection of 36 participants, there were significant positive correlations between ACE activity and TC ( r = 0.54) or LDL-C ( r = 0.51), and between Ang II level and TC ( r = 0.34) or LDL-C ( r = 0.27). TC, LDL-C, Ang II (35.46±14.49 vs 71.10±20.47 pg/ml, p < 0.05) levels and ACE activity (108.9±51.9 vs 180.1±71.3 U/L, p < 0.05) were decreased in HC patients eight weeks after starting statin treatment. In HC patients, RAS activity correlated positively with TC and LDL-C levels before and after treatment. Conclusions: In HC patients, lowering serum cholesterol with statins is associated with decreased circulatory RAS activity.
Beta-blocker management of refractory hemoptysis in cystic fibrosis: a novel treatment approach
Authors: Moua John , Nussbaum Eliezer , Liao Eileen , Randhawa Inderpal S. 
Published: March 2013

Background/objective: Recurrent hemoptysis is a debilitating complication of cystic fibrosis (CF) and likely results from mucosal erosions into abnormal bronchial blood vessels due to chronic respiratory infection. We hypothesize that the use of beta-blockade will decrease mean arterial pressure resulting in lower bronchial artery blood flow and, subsequently, decrease the frequency and severity of hemoptysis, rate of hospitalizations, and usage of intravenous antibiotics. Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed on 12 CF patients with recurrent hemoptysis, aged 13–40 years old, along with a follow-up telephone survey to assess the effectiveness of beta-blockade for hemoptysis, tolerance of inhaled respiratory medications, activity tolerance, and potential adverse effects. A beta-blocker, specifically atenolol, was initiated in all subjects within 24 hours after experiencing recurrent hemoptysis episodes. Results: A majority of patients (72.7%) had complete cessation of hemoptysis. There were significant decreases in the frequency of hemoptysis ( p = 0.02) and the amount of hemoptysis ( p = 0.004). The rate of hospitalizations significantly decreased from 1.33 to 0.67 ( p = 0.05) after initiation of atenolol. There was a trend toward statistical significance in the reduction of intravenous antibiotics use ( p = 0.08). No statistical difference was found when comparing the pre- and post-treatment means of forced expiratory volume in 1-second ( p = 0.59). Very minimal adverse effects were observed with only one patient reporting intermittent facial flushing. Conclusion: Beta-blockade, particularly with atenolol, appears to successfully treat, if not resolve, recurrent hemoptysis refractory to conservative therapy in CF. Beta-blocker therapy appears to maintain an effective safety profile in CF.
The influence of ethnicity and gender on the association between measured obesity and cardiorespiratory fitness with self-rated overweight, physical activity and health
Authors: Kuk Jennifer L , Ardern Chris I 
Published: March 2013

Background: Little is known about how ethnicity may influence how self-rated physical activity (PA) and obesity relates to measured obesity, cardiorespiratory fitness and self-rated health. Aims: To examine the influence of ethnicity on the association between: (1) self-rated and measured obesity; (2) self-reported PA and cardiorespiratory fitness; and (3) obesity and PA with self-rated health. Methods: Data from NHANES 1999–2004 (2,981 adults) was used. Results: Compared to white and overweight black men, Hispanic men were less likely to consider themselves overweight (OR = 0.36–0.56). Compared to white men, black active men were more likely to report being more active than their peers (OR = 1.44) but were less likely to be fit (OR = 0.74). Black active women and non-white overweight women were less likely to self-rate as having very good or excellent health as compared to white women with similar self-reported and measured health factors. Conclusions: Ethnicity and gender influence how self-rated and measured health factors interrelate.
An evaluation of the condom distribution scheme (C-Card) with young people in northeast England
Authors: Kinsella Karina , Cross Ruth , South Jane 
Published: March 2013

Aims: To evaluate a local C-Card scheme from the perspectives of young people in order to determine how well it had worked in improving access to condoms and in providing young people with appropriate information to make healthier choices around safer sex. Methods: Secondary analysis of a year’s worth of existing registration and monitoring data routinely collected by the C-Card scheme, two focus group discussions with 14 young people (eight males and six females) and a short questionnaire-based survey of 55 young people. Results: The evidence suggested that the C-Card scheme is an effective tool for ensuring that young people know how to use a condom correctly. Ease of access and increased knowledge were key issues of effectiveness to emerge from the findings. The scheme also served as a mechanism for young people to be referred on to other sexual health services and the data appear to indicate that this was something that was taken up by young people. Conclusions: The young people who used C-Card generally viewed the scheme as an effective mechanism in terms of accessing condoms and the number of outlets available for acquiring condoms. In order for C-Card to become successful with young people, advertising needs to be improved to increase their awareness of the scheme.
Long-term remission in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: results from the risperidone long-acting injectable versus quetiapine relapse prevention trial (ConstaTRE)
Authors: Smeraldi Enrico , Cavallaro Roberto , Folnegović-Šmalc Vera , Bidzan Leszek , Emin Ceylan Mehmet , Schreiner Andreas 
Published: March 2013

Objective: The objective of this study was to report the long-term remission results from the ConstaTRE relapse prevention trial, in which clinically stable adults with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder treated with oral risperidone, olanzapine, or oral conventional antipsychotics were randomized to risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI) or oral quetiapine, dosed according to package-insert recommendations. Methods: In the ConstaTRE trial, efficacy and tolerability were recorded for up to 24 months. This post hoc analysis presents remission data, defined, according to the Schizophrenia Working Group criteria, as achieving and maintaining eight core symptoms of schizophrenia that are mild or less over 6 months. Additional secondary outcome measures are also presented. Results: A total of 710 patients were randomized to RLAI ( n = 355) or quetiapine ( n = 355). Mean mode ± standard deviation (SD) drug doses were RLAI 33 ± 10 mg every 2 weeks and quetiapine 413 ± 159 mg daily. Full remission was achieved by 51.1% of patients with RLAI and 39.3% with quetiapine ( p = 0.003). Mean ± SD of full remission durations were not significantly different with RLAI (540 ± 181 days) and quetiapine (508 ± 188 days). Overall tolerability was similar between treatment groups. Conclusions: Among stable patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, remission was more likely after switching to RLAI than quetiapine.
The effect ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection and eradication in patients with gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease: A parallel‐group, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled multicentre study
Authors: Schwizer Werner , Menne Dieter , Schütze Kurt , Vieth Michael , Goergens Reiner , Malfertheiner Peter , Leodolter Andreas , Fried Michael , Fox Mark R 
Published: March 2013

ObjectivesThis study aimed to resolve controversy regarding the effects ofHelicobacter pylorieradication therapy andH. pyloriinfection in gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease.DesignA randomized, double‐blind, multicentre trial was performed in patients presenting with reflux symptoms.H. pylori‐positive patients were randomized to receive either antibiotics or placebo for 7 days.H. pylori‐negative patient controls received placebo. All received esomeprazole 20 mg b.d. for 7 days, followed by 40 mg o.d. to complete an 8‐week course, and were followed up for 32 weeks by telephone.ResultsIn this study, 198/589 (34%) patients wereH. pylori‐positive and 113H. pylori‐negative patients served as controls. Baseline endoscopy revealed 63% Los Angeles grade 0A and 37% Los Angeles grade BCD oesophagitis with no difference between patient groups. Symptom improvement on esomeprazole was seen in 89%.H. pylorieradication was successful in 82%.H. pylorieradication had no effect on symptomatic relapse (hazard ratio 1.15, 95% CI 0.74–1.8;p = 0.5). Overall,H. pylori‐positive patients had a lower probability of relapse compared toH. pylori‐negative controls (hazard ratio 0.6, 95% CI 0.43–0.85;p = 0.004). Relapse hazard was modulated also by oesophagitis grade (BCD vs. 0A, hazard ratio 2.1, 95% CI 1.5–3.0).ConclusionRelapse of gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease symptoms after a course of high dose acid suppression took longer forH. pylori‐positive patients thanH. pylori‐negative controls; however eradication therapy had no effect on the risk of relapse; ClincialTrials.gov number, NCT00574925.
Novel homozygous VHL mutation in exon 2 is associated with congenital polycythemia but not with cancer
Authors: Lanikova Lucie , Lorenzo Felipe , Yang Chunzhang , Vankayalapati Hari , Drachtman Richard , Divoky Vladimir , Prchal Josef T. 
Published: March 2013

Key Points
We describe a novel homozygous mutation in exon 2 of the VHL gene causing congenital polycythemia. We demonstrate the VHLP138L effect on the augmentation of erythropoiesis, along with structural and functional studies of this mutation.
Geochip-based analysis of microbial communities in alpine meadow soils in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau
Authors: Zhang Yuguang , Lu Zhenmei , Liu Shanshan , Yang Yunfeng , He Zhili , Ren Zuohua , Zhou Jizhong , Li Diqiang 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
GeoChip 3.0, a microbial functional gene array, containing ~28,000 oligonucleotide probes and targeting ~57,000 sequences from 292 functional gene families, provided a powerful tool for researching microbial community structure in natural environments. The alpine meadow is a dominant plant community in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, hence it is important to profile the unique geographical flora and assess the response of the microbial communities to environmental variables. In this study, Geochip 3.0 was employed to understand the microbial functional gene diversity and structure, and metabolic potential and the major environmental factors in shaping microbial communities structure of alpine meadow soil in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Results
A total of 6143 microbial functional genes involved in carbon degradation, carbon fixation, methane oxidation and production, nitrogen cycling, phosphorus utilization, sulphur cycling, organic remediation, metal resistance, energy process and other category were detected in six soil samples and high diversity was observed. Interestingly, most of the detected genes associated with carbon degradation were derived from cultivated organisms. To identify major environmental factors in shaping microbial communities, Mantel test and CCA Statistical analyses were performed. The results indicated that altitude, C/N, pH and soil organic carbon were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with the microbial functional structure and a total of 80.97% of the variation was significantly explained by altitude, C/N and pH. The C/N contributed 38.2% to microbial functional gene variation, which is in accordance with the hierarchical clustering of overall microbial functional genes.

Conclusions
High overall functional genes and phylogenetic diversity of the alpine meadow soil microbial communities existed in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Most of the genes involved in carbon degradation were derived from characterized microbial groups. Microbial composition and structures variation were significantly impacted by local environmental conditions, and soil C/N is the most important factor to impact the microbial structure in alpine meadow in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau.