bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between the FFM Personality Traits, State Psychopathology, and Sexual Compulsivity in a Sample of Male College Students
Authors: Pinto Joana , Carvalho Joana , Nobre Pedro J. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Several studies have advocated a relationship between psychopathological features and sexual compulsivity. Such relationship is often found among individuals seeking help for out of control sexual behavior, suggesting that the association between psychological adjustment and sexual compulsivity may have a significant clinical value. However, a more complete approach to the topic of sexual compulsivity would also include the analysis of nonclinical samples as healthy individuals may be at risk of developing some features of hypersexuality in the future.

Aim
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between stable traits of personality, state psychopathology, and sexual compulsivity in a sample of male college students. Furthermore, the potential mediating role of state psychopathology in the relationship between personality traits and sexual compulsivity was tested.

Main Outcome Measures
Participants completed the following measures: the NEO Five-Factor Inventory, the Brief Symptom Inventory, and the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Inventory-22.

Methods
The sample included 152 male college students recruited in a Portuguese university using nonrandom methods. The measures were completed individually and anonymously.

Results
Findings on state psychopathology suggested that psychoticism may be one of the key dimensions associated with sexual compulsivity in male students. The personality traits of Neuroticism and Agreeableness were also significant predictors of sexual compulsivity. Findings on the mediating effects suggested that state psychopathology mediated the relationship between Neuroticism and sexual compulsivity but not between Agreeableness and sexual compulsivity.

Conclusions
A psychopathological path (encompassing Neuroticism and state psychopathology) and a behavioral path (encompassing Agreeableness features) may be involved in sexual compulsivity as reported by a nonclinical sample of male students.
Sympatric sister species in rodents are more chromosomally differentiated than allopatric ones: implications for the role of chromosomal rearrangements in speciation
Authors: Castiglia Riccardo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractA meta‐analysis approach was used to test for chromosomal speciation in rodents. Forty‐one pairs of sister species, identified in the two most species‐rich rodent families (Cricetidae andMuridae), were used as phylogenetically independent data points, each resulting from a speciation event. About 30% of sister species have an identical karyotype. There was a significant difference in the number of chromosomal differences between sympatric and allopatric sister species, compatible with a direct role of chromosomal rearrangements in speciation.
Prevention, detection and management of early chronic kidney disease: A systematic review of clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Lopez‐Vargas Pamela A , Tong Allison , Sureshkumar Premala , Johnson David W , Craig Jonathan C 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAimIn response to the increase in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) worldwide, several professional organizations have developed clinical practice guidelines to manage and prevent its progression. This study aims to compare the scope, content and consistency of published guidelines on CKD stages I–III.MethodsElectronic databases of the medical literature, guideline organizations, and the websites of nephrology societies were searched to November 2011. The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument and textual synthesis was used to appraise and compare recommendations.ResultsOne consensus statement and 15 guidelines were identified and included. Methodological rigour across guidelines was variable, with average domain scores ranging from 24% to 95%. For detection of CKD, all guidelines recommended estimated glomerular filtration rate measurement, some also recommended serum creatinine and dipstick urinalysis. The recommended protein and albumin creatinine ratios and proteinuria definition thresholds varied (>150–300 mg/day to >500 mg/day). Blood pressure targets ranged (<125/75 to <140/90 mmHg). Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blockers were recommended for hypertension, as combined or as monotherapy. Protein intake recommendations varied (no restriction or 0.75 g/kg per day−1.0 g/kg per day). Salt intake of 6 g/day was recommended by most. Psychosocial support and education were recommended by few but specific strategies were absent.ConclusionCKD guidelines were consistent in scope but were variable with respect to their recommendations, coverage and methodological quality. To promote effective primary and secondary prevention of CKD, regularly updated guidelines that are based on the best available evidence and augmented with healthcare context‐specific strategies for implementation are warranted.
Relationship in Japan between maternal grandmothers’ perinatal support and their self‐esteem
Authors: Iseki Atsuko , Ohashi Kazutomo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThis study investigated the influence on their mental well‐being of the perinatal support given by Japanese grandmothers.The Rosenberg self‐esteem and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES‐D) scales were used to assess grandmothers’ mental well‐being before and after their daughters’ childbirth. Of 198 grandmothers, 176 (88.9%) supported their daughters and three patterns of perinatal support were observed: grandmothers’ support at the grandparents’ house before childbirth (n = 95) (Satogaeri bunben; Japanese traditional perinatal support), grandmothers’ support at the grandparents’ house after childbirth (n = 53); and grandmothers’ support at the daughters’ house (n = 28).Those who supported their daughters at the grandparents’ house before childbirth – especially the middle‐aged (less than 60 years old) – showed significantly lower scores of self‐esteem. Scores of CES‐D did not significantly change before and after childbirth in either subgroup of grandmothers. It was concluded that grandmothers play an important role in supporting their daughters, and Satogaeri bunben is a typical event in modern Japan. However, Satogaeri bunben is a burden for middle‐aged grandmothers, and we need to support them.
Defense‐related transcription factors WRKY70 and WRKY54 modulate osmotic stress tolerance by regulating stomatal aperture in Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Jing , Besseau Sebastien , Törönen Petri , Sipari Nina , Kollist Hannes , Holm Liisa , Palva E. Tapio 
Published: July 2013

Summary

WRKY transcription factors (TFs) have been mainly associated with plant defense, but recent studies have suggested additional roles in the regulation of other physiological processes. Here, we explored the possible contribution of two related group III WRKY TFs, WRKY70 and WRKY54, to osmotic stress tolerance. These TFs are positive regulators of plant defense, and co‐operate as negative regulators of salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis and senescence.

We employed single and double mutants of wrky54 and wrky70, as well as a WRKY70 overexpressor line, to explore the role of these TFs in osmotic stress (polyethylene glycol) responses. Their effect on gene expression was characterized by microarrays and verified by quantitative PCR. Stomatal phenotypes were assessed by water retention and stomatal conductance measurements.

The wrky54wrky70 double mutants exhibited clearly enhanced tolerance to osmotic stress. However, gene expression analysis showed reduced induction of osmotic stress‐responsive genes in addition to reduced accumulation of the osmoprotectant proline. By contrast, the enhanced tolerance was correlated with improved water retention and enhanced stomatal closure.

These findings demonstrate that WRKY70 and WRKY54 co‐operate as negative regulators of stomatal closure and, consequently, osmotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis, suggesting that they have an important role, not only in plant defense, but also in abiotic stress signaling.
Genetic and antigenic analyses of Porphyromonas gingivalis FimA fimbriae
Authors: Nagano K. , Abiko Y. , Yoshida Y. , Yoshimura F. 
Published: July 2013

SummaryThe periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis generally expresses two distinct fimbriae, FimA and Mfa1, which play a role in biofilm formation. The fimA gene that encodes FimA fimbrilin is polymorphic, and polymerase chain reaction analysis has identified six genotypes called types I–V and Ib. We found recently that fimbriae exhibit antigenic heterogeneity among the genotypes. In the present study, we analysed the fimA DNA sequences of 84 strains of P. gingivalis and characterized the antigenicity of FimA fimbriae. Strains analysed here comprised 10, 16, 29, 13, 10 and 6 strains of types I, Ib, II, III, IV and V, respectively. DNA sequencing revealed that type Ib does not represent a single cluster and that type II sequences are remarkably diverse. In contrast, the fimA sequences of the other types were relatively homogeneous. Antigenicity was investigated using antisera elicited by pure FimA fimbriae of types I–V. Antigenicity correlated generally with the respective genotype. Type Ib strains were recognized by type I antisera. However, some strains showed cross‐reactivity, especially, many type II strains reacted with type III antisera. The levels of fimbrial expression were highly variable, and expression was positively correlated with ability of biofilm formation on a saliva‐coated plate. Further, two strains without FimA and Mfa1 fimbriae expressed fimbrial structures, suggesting that the strains produce other types of fimbriae.
Regarding a Regress
Authors: Cath Yuri 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIs there a successful regress argument against intellectualism? In this article I defend the negative answer. I begin by defending Stanley andWilliamson's (2001) critique ofthe contemplation regressagainstNoë (2005). I then identify a new argument –the employment regress– that is designed to succeed where the contemplation regress fails, and which I take to be the most basic and plausible form of a regress argument against intellectualism. However, I argue that the employment regress still fails. Drawing on the previous discussion, I criticise further regress arguments given byHetherington (2006) andNoë (2005).
Impact of annual body mass index gain on obesity development in Japanese 6‐year‐old non‐obese children
Authors: Kori Hiroka , Sei Masako , Nakahori Yutaka , Imoto Issei 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundEffective timing of preventive intervention for adolescent obesity in non‐obese school‐aged children remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of annual body mass index (BMI) gain on the development of adolescent obesity in 6‐year‐old non‐obese Japanese children.MethodsLongitudinal weight and height data were collected annually from 9723 children aged 6–14 years, and individual per‐year BMI gains were calculated. The BMI ≥ the 95th percentile for each age and sex defined obesity. In 6‐year‐old non‐obese children, logistic regression analyses were applied to correlate the annual BMI gain at each age with obesity at a final survey.ResultsThe 6‐year‐old non‐obese children who became obese at a final survey showed larger annual BMI gains at any age compared with their peers with respect to baseline BMI. Increases in annual BMI gain, even in early school age, raised the risk of adolescent obesity. Categorical analysis also showed that children aged 6–7 years with higher annual BMI gains than 1‐SD above the mean had a significant risk for adolescent obesity (OR: 4.39 [95%CI: 2.98–6.46] in boys and 3.83 [95%CI: 2.60–5.63] in girls, respectively).ConclusionsA larger annual BMI gain at any school age is a risk for adolescent obesity in 6‐year‐old non‐obese children with no critical period. This suggests the need for earlier and continuous school‐based surveillance using annual BMI gain for preventive intervention of adolescent obesity development.
Phylogenetic position of Jaoa, a green algal genus endemic to China
Authors: Zhu Huan , Xia Shuang , Zhang Qi , Liu Guo‐Xiang , Hu Zheng‐Yu 
Published: July 2013

SummaryJaoa prasina, a freshwater green alga endemic to China, was collected from a stream in Hubei province, China. Unialgal cultivation, morphological observation, and phylogenetic analyses of small subunit ribosomal DNA and RuBisCO large subunit sequences were performed. When cultured on agar medium, the alga was irregularly filamentous, similar to marine species of Acrochaete. Aplanospores were observed on solid medium. A vesicular‐like thallus without rhizoids developed in liquid medium, similar to specimen development in natural habitats. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that Jaoa was closely related to the marine genera Acrochaete Pringsheim and Ulvella Crouan & Crouan. The results suggested the genus Jaoa is a member of the family Ulvellaceae (Ulvophyceae), which contains mostly marine algae. The family name Jaoaceae should be abandoned. We speculate that Jaoa may have evolved from a marine Ulvellaceae ancestor.
Salmon welfare index model 2.0: an extended model for overall welfare assessment of caged Atlantic salmon, based on a review of selected welfare indicators and intended for fish health professionals
Authors: Pettersen Jostein M. , Bracke Marc B.M. , Midtlyng Paul J. , Folkedal Ole , Stien Lars H. , Steffenak Håvard , Kristiansen Tore S. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractHere, we present an extended version of a semantic model for overall welfare assessment of Atlantic salmon reared in sea cages. The model, called SWIM 2.0, is designed to enable fish health professionals to make a formal and standardized assessment of fish welfare using a set of reviewed welfare indicators. SWIM 2.0 supplements SWIM 1.0, which was designed for application by fish farmers. We searched the literature for documented welfare indicators that could be used by fish health professionals. The selected indicators are eyes, cardiac condition, abdominal organs, gills, opercula, skeletal muscles, vaccine‐related pathology, aberrant fish, necropsy of the dead fish and active euthanasia. Selection criteria for the SWIM 2.0 indicators were that they should be practical and measureable on salmon farms by fish health professionals and that each indicator could be divided into levels from good to poor welfare backed up by relevant scientific literature. To estimate each indicator's relative impact on welfare, all the indicators were weighted based on their respective literature reviews and according to weighting factors defined as part of the semantic modelling framework. This was ultimately amalgamated into an overall SWIM 2.0 model that can be used to calculate welfare indexes for salmon in sea cages, taking into account the available fish health expertise. Using this model, an example calculation based on recordings and samplings done from an Atlantic salmon sea cage containing 106 000 fish yielded an overall welfare index of 0.81 of a maximum of 1.0.
Morphological changes in skin of different phototypes under the action of topical corticosteroid therapy and tacrolimus
Authors: Shlivko I. L. , Kamensky V. A. , Donchenko E.V. , Agrba P. 
Published: July 2013

Background/purposeThe present study aimed to investigate the influence of topical corticosteroid therapy and tacrolimus on morphological indices of different skin phototypes and to optimize topical therapy using the OCT technique.MethodsTwenty healthy volunteers aging from 20 to 30 (14 men and 6 women) took part in the study: 10 persons with skin phototype I, II and 10 persons with skin phototype V, VI. Morphological state of the skin was assessed before and during application of topical steroids of different strength and calciumneurin inhibitors for 49 days. Morphological state was studied in vivo using the optical coherence tomograph.ResultsMorphological manifestations of skin atrophy with the use of clobetasol propionate appear earlier than with the use of hydrocortisone 17‐butyrate; this process was faster in representatives of groups V, VI. Epidermal thinning in the zone of tacrolimus application was not recorded in any phototype.ConclusionRecording of early preclinical signs of epidermis thinning in the course of OCT follow‐up may be an indication for changing the corticosteroid therapy by calciumneurin inhibitors, which will permit to individualize the therapy, to increase its efficacy, and to minimize the possibility of complications in each particular case.
Discordant CD34+ cell results in peripheral blood and hematopoietic progenitor cell–apheresis product: implications for clinical decisions and impact on patient treatment
Authors: Liwski Courtney J. , Padley Douglas J. , Gustafson Michael P. , Winters Jeffrey L. , Gastineau Dennis A. , Jacob Eapen K. 
Published: July 2013

Case ReportA 50‐year‐old male with T‐cell lymphoma presented for autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. After granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) mobilization, his peripheral blood CD34+ cell count was 166 × 106/L on the day before collection, which predicted a high yield of CD34+ cells in the apheresis product. The first two collections had yields much lower than expected, triggering an investigation and changes to the apheresis collection methods since mobilization appeared adequate from the peripheral CD34+ values.ResultsChanges to the apheresis collection variables and instrumentation did not improve the yields in the next three collections. The laboratory investigation demonstrated that there was an interfering substance in the patient's plasma that was causing falsely high peripheral blood CD34+ cell values and that the low CD34+ cell yields in the collections were consistent with the actual peripheral blood CD34+ cell value. Based on this finding and after discussion with the clinical service, the patient then received plerixafor to increase the number of circulating CD34+ cells before Collections 6 and 7. The patient went on to achieve the target CD34+ cell dose and subsequently underwent a successful autologous transplant with full hematopoietic engraftment.ConclusionThis case demonstrates the importance of timely and critical review of laboratory results in the context of the specific patient. This case exemplifies how diligent review of laboratory results and open communication among the various teams can positively affect patient outcomes.
Recombinant activated factor VII in patients with acute liver failure with UNOS Status 1A: a single tertiary academic centre experience
Authors: Pham H. P. , Hsu S. X. , Parker‐Jones S. , Samstein B. , Diuguid D. , Schwartz J. 
Published: July 2013

Background and ObjectivesRecombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) is often used in off‐label indications, including many situations in which the patients are at risk of thrombosis. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the use of rFVIIa in patients with acute liver failure – UNOS Status 1A (ALF‐1A) to determine its efficacy and safety profile.Materials and MethodsUsing the transplantation records, all adult patients with ALF‐1A were identified from 6/2001 to 3/2009. From patients' medical charts, rFVIIa dose, blood component usage, short‐term outcomes [length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, ability to undergo orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) and in‐hospital survival rate] and adverse events were examined.ResultsForty‐two patients with ALF‐1A were identified. Fifteen patients received rFVIIa with doses ranging between 24·4 μg/kg and 126·8 μg/kg. Three patients received two doses of rFVIIa. The age, baseline activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and platelet (PLT) count were not statistically different between the group receiving rFVIIa versus the group that did not. However, the prothrombin time (PT) was significantly higher in the rFVIIa group. Although the rFVIIa group stayed in the ICU longer and required significant more blood products during admission, there was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of length of hospital stay, ability to undergo OLT and survival rate. There was no increase in complications, including thrombosis, after receiving rFVIIa.ConclusionRecombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) appears to be safe in patients with ALF‐1A, but to elucidate its full role, a randomized controlled trial would be ideal.
Paragon
Authors: Delimitrou Christina , Kozyrakis Christos 
Published: July 2013

Large-scale datacenters (DCs) host tens of thousands of diverse applications each day. However, interference between colocated workloads and the difficulty to match applications to one of the many hardware platforms available can degrade performance, violating the quality of service (QoS) guarantees that many cloud workloads require. While previous work has identified the impact of heterogeneity and interference, existing solutions are computationally intensive, cannot be applied online and do not scale beyond few applications.
We present Paragon, an online and scalable DC scheduler that is heterogeneity and interference-aware. Paragon is derived from robust analytical methods and instead of profiling each application in detail, it leverages information the system already has about applications it has previously seen. It uses collaborative filtering techniques to quickly and accurately classify an unknown, incoming workload with respect to heterogeneity and interference in multiple shared resources, by identifying similarities to previously scheduled applications. The classification allows Paragon to greedily schedule applications in a manner that minimizes interference and maximizes server utilization. Paragon scales to tens of thousands of servers with marginal scheduling overheads in terms of time or state.
We evaluate Paragon with a wide range of workload scenarios, on both small and large-scale systems, including 1,000 servers on EC2. For a 2,500-workload scenario, Paragon enforces performance guarantees for 91% of applications, while significantly improving utilization. In comparison, heterogeneity-oblivious, interference-oblivious and least-loaded schedulers only provide similar guarantees for 14%, 11% and 3% of workloads. The differences are more striking in oversubscribed scenarios where resource efficiency is more critical.
Automated repair of binary and assembly programs for cooperating embedded devices
Authors: Schulte Eric , DiLorenzo Jonathan , Weimer Westley , Forrest Stephanie 
Published: July 2013

We present a method for automatically repairing arbitrary software defects in embedded systems, which have limited memory, disk and CPU capacities, but exist in great numbers. We extend evolutionary computation (EC) algorithms that search for valid repairs at the source code level to assembly and ELF format binaries, compensating for limited system resources with several algorithmic innovations. Our method does not require access to the source code or build toolchain of the software under repair, does not require program instrumentation, specialized execution environments, or virtual machines, or prior knowledge of the bug type.
We repair defects in ARM and x86 assembly as well as ELF binaries, observing decreases of 86% in memory and 95% in disk requirements, with 62% decrease in repair time, compared to similar source-level techniques. These advances allow repairs previously possible only with C source code to be applied to any ARM or x86 assembly or ELF executable. Efficiency gains are achieved by introducing stochastic fault localization, with much lower overhead than comparable deterministic methods, and low-level program representations.
When distributed over multiple devices, our algorithm finds repairs faster than predicted by naive parallelism. Four devices using our approach are five times more efficient than a single device because of our collaboration model. The algorithm is implemented on Nokia N900 smartphones, with inter-phone communication fitting in 900 bytes sent in 7 SMS text messages per device per repair on average.