bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between smartphone addiction and physical activity in Chinese international students in Korea
Authors: Kim Sung-Eun , Kim Jin-Woo , Jee Yong-Seok 
Published: September 2015

Background and Aims
Excessive usage of smartphones may induce social problems, such as depression and impairment of social and emotional functioning. Moreover, its usage can impede physical activity, but the relationship between smartphone addiction and physical activity is obscure. Therefore, we examined the relationship and the impact of excessive smartphone use on physical activity.

Methods
This study collected data through the structured questionnaire consisting of general characteristics, the number and hours of smartphone usage, and the Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale (SAPS) from 110 Chinese international students in Korea. The body composition and physical activity, such as the total daily number of steps and consumed calories, were measured.

Results
In this study, high-risk smartphone users showed less physical activity, such as the total number of steps taken and the average consumed calories per day. Moreover, their body composition, such as muscle mass and fat mass, was significantly different. Among these factors, the hours of smartphone use revealed the proportional relationship with smartphone addiction (β = 0.209, p = 0.026), while the average number of walking steps per day showed a significant reverse proportional tendency in participants with smartphone addiction (β = –0.883, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Participants with smartphone addiction were less likely to walk for each day. Namely, smartphone addiction may negatively influence physical health by reducing the amount of physical activity, such as walking, resulting in an increase of fat mass and a decrease of muscle mass associated with adverse health consequences.
Exploring Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Breast and Cervical Cancers in Mongolia: A National Population-Based Survey
Authors: Yerramilli Pooja , Dugee Otgonduya , Enkhtuya Palam , Knaul Felicia M. , Demaio Alessandro R. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackground.Mongolia bears the second-highest cancer burden in the world (5,214 disability-adjusted life years per 100,000 people, age standardized). To determine drivers of the growing burden of noncommunicable diseases, including breast and cervical cancers, a national knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) survey was implemented in 2010.Methods.This paper analyzed the results of the 2010 KAP survey, which sampled 3,450 households nationally. Reflecting Mongolian screening policies, women aged 30 and older were included in analyses of questions regarding breast and cervical cancer (n = 1,193). Univariate and multivariate odds ratios (MORs) were derived through logistic regression to determine associations between demographic covariables (residence, age, education, employment) and survey responses.Results.This study found that 25.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 23.3–28.3) and 22.1% (95% CI: 19.8–24.5) of female participants aged 30 years or older self-rated their knowledge of breast and cervical cancers, respectively, as “none.” Employment and education were associated with greater awareness of both cancers and participation in screening examinations (p &lt; .05). Clinical breast examinations were more common among rural than urban participants (MOR: 1.492; 95% CI: 1.125–1.979). Of all female participants, 17% (95% CI: 15.3–18.5) knew that cervical cancer is vaccine preventable.Conclusion.Our results suggest that cancer control in Mongolia should emphasize health education, particularly among lower-educated, rural, and unemployed women. The health infrastructure should be strengthened to reflect rural to urban migration. Finally, although there is awareness that early detection improves outcomes, a significant proportion of women do not engage in screening. These trends warrant further research on barriers and solutions.Implications for Practice:The rising burden of breast and cervical cancers, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, necessitates the development of effective strategies for cancer control. This paper examines barriers to health service use in Mongolia, a country with a high cancer burden. The 2010 national knowledge, attitude and practices survey data indicate that cancer control efforts should focus on improving health education among lower-educated, rural, and unemployed populations, who display the least knowledge of breast and cervical cancers. Moreover, the findings support the need to emphasize individual risk for disease in cancer education and ensure that the health-care infrastructure reflects Mongolia's urbanization.
Ecological restoration for river ecosystems: comparing the huangpu river in shanghai and the hudson river in new york
Authors: Wang Xiangrong , Wang Shixiong , Peng Guotao , S. w. katz Daniel , Ling Huanran 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Starting in the 1960s, a great deal of effort and capital was invested in an endeavor to significantly improve the quality of surface water around the United States, particularly in metropolises like New York City, New York. The Hudson River has been at the forefront of these efforts and has benefited immensely from this campaign. In parts of the developing world, such as China, similar efforts are beginning to gather the same type of momentum. Within the past decade, the Huangpu River, which flows through Shanghai into the Yangtze Estuary of China, has been a target for ecological restoration and management. It is possible to draw parallels between the cleanup efforts involved in improving the environmental conditions of the Huangpu and Hudson Rivers. Using the methodologies of series comparison (SCM), water quality index (WQI) modeling, consideration of ecological engineering, and policy strategy design, we comparatively studied the topography, functions, environmental conditions, ecological engineering countermeasures, and management policies of the two rivers to assist future forecasting of ecological restoration efforts in China.
Adjunctive Non‐Surgical Therapy of Inflamed Periodontal Pockets During Maintenance Therapy Using Diode Laser: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Nguyen Naomi‐Trang , Byarlay Matthew R. , Reinhardt Richard A. , Marx David B. , Meinberg Trudy A. , Kaldahl Wayne B. 
Published: September 2015

Background: Numerous studies have documented the clinical outcomes of laser therapy for untreated periodontitis, but very few have reported on lasers treating inflamed pockets during maintenance therapy. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of scaling and root planing (SRP) plus the adjunctive use of diode laser therapy to SRP alone on changes in the clinical parameters of disease and on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) inflammatory mediator interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) in patients receiving regular periodontal maintenance therapy.Methods: This single‐masked and randomized, controlled, prospective study includes 22 patients receiving regular periodontal maintenance therapy who had one or more periodontal sites with a probing depth (PD) ≥5 mm with bleeding on probing (BOP). Fifty‐six sites were treated with SRP and adjunctive laser therapy (SRP + L). Fifty‐eight sites were treated with SRP alone. Clinical parameters, including PD, clinical attachment level (CAL), and BOP, and GCF IL‐1β levels were measured immediately before treatment (baseline) and 3 months after treatment.Results: Sites treated with SRP + L and SRP alone resulted in statistically significant reductions in PD and BOP and gains in CAL. These changes were not significantly different between the two therapies. Similarly, differences in GCF IL‐1β levels between SRP + L and SRP alone were not statistically significant.Conclusion: In periodontal maintenance patients, SRP + L did not enhance clinical outcomes compared to SRP alone in the treatment of inflamed sites with ≥5 mm PD.
The Incremental Effects of Manual Therapy or Booster Sessions in Addition to Exercise Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Abbott J. Haxby , Chapple Catherine M. , Fitzgerald G. Kelley , Fritz Julie M. , Childs John D. , Harcombe Helen , Stout Kirsten 
Published: September 2015

Study Design A factorial randomized controlled trial. Objectives To investigate the addition of manual therapy to exercise therapy for the reduction of pain and increase of physical function in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA), and whether “booster sessions” compared to consecutive sessions may improve outcomes. Background The benefits of providing manual therapy in addition to exercise therapy, or of distributing treatment sessions over time using periodic booster sessions, in people with knee OA are not well established. Methods All participants had knee OA and were provided 12 sessions of multimodal exercise therapy supervised by a physical therapist. Participants were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 groups: exercise therapy in consecutive sessions, exercise therapy distributed over a year using booster sessions, exercise therapy plus manual therapy without booster sessions, and exercise therapy plus manual therapy with booster sessions. The primary outcome measure was the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC score; 0–240 scale) at 1-year follow-up. Secondary outcome measures were the numeric pain-rating scale and physical performance tests. Results Of 75 participants recruited, 66 (88%) were retained at 1-year follow-up. Factorial analysis of covariance of the main effects showed significant benefit from booster sessions (P = .009) and manual therapy (P = .023) over exercise therapy alone. Group analysis showed that exercise therapy with booster sessions (WOMAC score, −46.0 points; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −80.0, −12.0) and exercise therapy plus manual therapy (WOMAC score, −37.5 points; 95% CI: −69.7, −5.5) had superior effects compared with exercise therapy alone. The combined strategy of exercise therapy plus manual therapy with booster sessions was not superior to exercise therapy alone. Conclusion Distributing 12 sessions of exercise therapy over a year in the form of booster sessions was more effective than providing 12 consecutive exercise therapy sessions. Providing manual therapy in addition to exercise therapy improved treatment effectiveness compared to providing 12 consecutive exercise therapy sessions alone. Trial registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12612000460808). Level of Evidence Therapy, level 1b-. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(12):975–983. Epub 28 Sep 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.6015
L'abbatiale de Marmoutier au Xe siècle
Authors: Lelong Charles 
Published: September 2015

Les abbatiales romanes de Marmoutier.
Les fouilles sous le niveau de l'abbatiale gothique (1220-1320) ont permis de retrouver les vestiges de deux édifices antérieurs. Le plus ancien doit être daté de la fin du Xe siècle (vers 980) quand la famille comtale de Blois fit appel aux clunisiens. Le plan comportait une abside flanquée de deux absidioles, un transept et une nef à collatéraux. Les murs sont parementés de petit appareil grossier, de même les fondations mais les piliers, cruciformes au carré de transept, rectangulaires dans la nef, en moyen appareil à gros joints rubanés. Sol de béton à tuilots.
L'église qui lui a succédé était achevée lors de sa consécration en 1096, mais elle résultait de trois campagnes principales. Le chevet semble avoir été greffé sur l'église de 980 vers le milieu du XIe siècle. Le chœur très profond s'élevait sur une crypte desservie par deux petits escaliers coudés. Il était entouré par un déambulatoire surbaissé desservant des absidioles rayonnantes (non retrouvées), une chapelle orientale de transept et la crypte par un escalier établi postérieurement. La crypte parementée en moyen appareil s'articule en trois vaisseaux à petites voûtes d'arêtes ; les piliers de structure exceptionnelle emploient les colonnettes monolithes dans des combinaisons variées. Les chapiteaux, cubiques, s'inspirent de l'art carolingien ; l'un d'eux est décoré d'une chasse au cerf, sculptée à fleur de pierre mais de haute qualité. Dans un deuxième temps, vers 1070, furent bâtis, sur un plan plus vaste, le transept et les travées orientales de la nef, dans le même style que le transept de Saint-Martin de Tours. Enfin la nef fut allongée de trois travées au moins comme le prouvent bases et piliers. Au terme de ces travaux l'abbatiale du XIe siècle présentait un plan « en croix de Lorraine » (à deux transepts) : apparu par suite d'un changement de programme il ne doit rien à Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire qui a pu s'en inspirer en le systématisant.
Sedan, ville de frontière et d'étapes (1789-1794), d'après une chronique familiale
Authors: Colin Maurice 
Published: September 2015

Il ne s'agit point ici d'une étude historique au sens propre du mot, si l'on entend par là que l'on s'efforce d'établir, à partir de documents soigneusement critiqués, la matérialité des faits. Mais, à travers une chronique familiale l'auteur a voulu exposer comment les événements révolutionnaires ont été ressentis par une famille sedanaise selon une certaine optique qui fait partie aussi de l'histoire.
Nous avions, dans un précédent article (« La vie quotidienne à Sedan de 1789 à 1794 », Revue historique ardennaise 1981, p. 59-82) parlé des répercussions de la Révolution sur la vie municipale et locale. Ici il s'agit du retentissement des opérations militaires sur une ville-frontière exposée à l'activité des émigrés tout proches, impliquée en 1792 dans la campagne d'Argonne, prise enfin en 1793 et 1794 dans les remous des combats du Hainaut ou de Belgique. Les éléments qui participent de près ou de loin à ces combats sont aussi peu homogènes que possible : il n'y a aucune ressemblance, même sous le rapport des motivations et du patriotisme, entre les gardes municipaux, les fédérés, les volontaires de 1791 et les représentants de l'ancienne armée royale, eux-mêmes très divisés mais liés par une tradition ancienne.
Etre « occupant » dans le Nord (vie militaire, culture, loisirs, propagande)
Authors: Dejonghe Étienne 
Published: September 2015

Hoe zag het leven van een Duits militair eruit in de Tweede Wereldoorlog, in een garnizoen in een stad van de departementen Nord/Pas-de-Calais ? Ons beeld daarvan wordt op een onbewuste manier beinvloed door de mode. En de mode van vandaag heeft veeleer belangstelling voor het vers- chijnsel van de aanpassing en de nadruk ligt nu meer ophet goedaardig karakter van de dagelijkse kontakten tussen de bevolking en de bezetter. Maar was er ook diepgaand kontakt mogelijk ? Aan de ene kant war er het gewicht van de bezetting — in het noorden zwaarder dan elders in Frankrijk — en de lasten en opeisingen bij een bevolking die al anti-Duits was en zeer bezorgd om haar lot. Aan de andere kant isoleerde een barricade van verboden de Duitse militair van de bevolking. Voor drie verbodsbepalingen hebben wij hier spéciale aandacht :
1) de macht van de clichés : de Duitse pers en propaganda en de gids van de soldaat geven een afsto- tend beeld van de gemiddelde Fransman.
2) het sanitaire cordon gevormd door het militaire règlement met de bedoeling de soldaat te bescher- men tegen elke besmetting van fysische, morele of kulturele aard afkomstig uit de omgeving.
3) het samenhorigheidsgevoel van de Duitse gemeenschap die geen ander doel had. Rijsel had de voorkeur als plaats voor de sociale omgang.
In welke mate kon een individuele bezetter deze taboes doorbreken ? Het antwoord varieert vol- gens de plaats, het wapen, de duur van het verblijf, het statuut (administratief of militair, soldaat of officier, reservist of in aktieve dienst...).
SHIP-1 Couples to the Dectin-1 hemITAM and Selectively Modulates Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Dendritic Cells in Response to Candida albicans
Authors: Blanco-Menéndez Noelia , del Fresno Carlos , Fernandes Sandra , Calvo Enrique , Conde-Garrosa Ruth , Kerr William G. , Sancho David 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Dectin-1 (Clec7a) is a paradigmatic C-type lectin receptor that binds Syk through a hemITAM motif and couples sensing of pathogens such as fungi to induction of innate responses. Dectin-1 engagement triggers a plethora of activating events, but little is known about the modulation of such pathways. Trying to define a more precise picture of early Dectin-1 signaling, we explored the interactome of the intracellular tail of the receptor in mouse dendritic cells. We found unexpected binding of SHIP-1 phosphatase to the phosphorylated hemITAM. SHIP-1 colocalized with Dectin-1 during phagocytosis of zymosan in a hemITAM-dependent fashion. Moreover, endogenous SHIP-1 relocated to live or heat-killed Candida albicans–containing phagosomes in a Dectin-1–dependent manner in GM-CSF–derived bone marrow cells (GM-BM). However, SHIP-1 absence in GM-BM did not affect activation of MAPK or production of cytokines and readouts dependent on NF-κB and NFAT. Notably, ROS production was enhanced in SHIP-1–deficient GM-BM treated with heat-killed C. albicans, live C. albicans, or the specific Dectin-1 agonists curdlan or whole glucan particles. This increased oxidative burst was dependent on Dectin-1, Syk, PI3K, phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1, and NADPH oxidase. GM-BM from CD11c∆SHIP-1 mice also showed increased killing activity against live C. albicans that was dependent on Dectin-1, Syk, and NADPH oxidase. These results illustrate the complexity of myeloid C-type lectin receptor signaling, and how an activating hemITAM can also couple to intracellular inositol phosphatases to modulate selected functional responses and tightly regulate processes such as ROS production that could be deleterious to the host.
Effect of IL-7 Therapy on Naive and Memory T Cell Homeostasis in Aged Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Okoye Afam A. , Rohankhedkar Mukta , Konfe Audrie L. , Abana Chike O. , Reyes Matthew D. , Clock Joseph A. , Duell Derick M. , Sylwester Andrew W. , Sammader Partha , Legasse Alfred W. , Park Byung S. , Axthelm Michael K. , Nikolich-Žugich Janko , Picker Louis J. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Aging is associated with gradual deterioration of adaptive immune function, a hallmark of which is the profound loss of naive T cells (TN) associated with decline in thymic output and export of new cells into the peripheral T cell pool. Because the lymphotropic cytokine IL-7 plays crucial roles in both development of TN in the thymus and TN homeostasis in the periphery, we sought to determine the extent to which therapeutic administration of IL-7 could reverse TN deficiency in aging rhesus macaques (RM), either by enhancement of the demonstrably reduced thymopoiesis or by peripheral TN expansion. Our results indicate that treatment of both adult (8–15 y) and old (&gt;20 y) RM with recombinant simian IL-7 (rsIL-7) results in only transient increases in peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ TN numbers with no long-term benefit, even with repeated therapy. This transient effect was due to peripheral TN expansion and not enhanced thymic function, and appeared to be limited by induction of IL-7 nonresponsiveness. However, rsIL-7 therapy had a more promising effect on the central memory T cell (TCM) population (both CD4+ and CD8+) in adult and old RM, doubling the numbers of these cells in circulation and maintaining this larger population long term. IL-7 therapy did not reduce TCR diversity of the memory T cell compartment, suggesting that rsIL-7–induced expansion was symmetrical. Thus, although rsIL-7 failed to counter age-associated TN loss, the ability of this therapy to expand clonotypically diverse CD4+ and CD8+ TCM populations might potentially improve adaptive immune responsiveness in the elderly.
Continuous Antigenic Stimulation of DO11.10 TCR Transgenic Mice in the Presence or Absence of IL-1β: Possible Implications for Mechanisms of T Cell Depletion in HIV Disease
Authors: Ladell Kristin , Hazenberg Mette D. , Fitch Mark , Emson Claire , McEvoy-Hein Asgarian Bridget K. , Mold Jeff E. , Miller Corey , Busch Robert , Price David A. , Hellerstein Marc K. , McCune Joseph M. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Untreated HIV disease is associated with chronic immune activation and CD4+ T cell depletion. A variety of mechanisms have been invoked to account for CD4+ T cell depletion in this setting, but the quantitative contributions of these proposed mechanisms over time remain unclear. We turned to the DO11.10 TCR transgenic mouse model, where OVA is recognized in the context of H-2d, to explore the impact of chronic antigenic stimulation on CD4+ T cell dynamics. To model dichotomous states of persistent Ag exposure in the presence or absence of proinflammatory stimulation, we administered OVA peptide to these mice on a continuous basis with or without the prototypic proinflammatory cytokine, IL-1β. In both cases, circulating Ag-specific CD4+ T cells were depleted. However, in the absence of IL-1β, there was limited proliferation and effector/memory conversion of Ag-specific T cells, depletion of peripheral CD4+ T cells in hematolymphoid organs, and systemic induction of regulatory Foxp3+CD4+ T cells, as often observed in late-stage HIV disease. By contrast, when OVA peptide was administered in the presence of IL-1β, effector/memory phenotype T cells expanded and the typical symptoms of heightened immune activation were observed. Acknowledging the imperfect and incomplete relationship between Ag-stimulated DO11.10 TCR transgenic mice and HIV-infected humans, our data suggest that CD4+ T cell depletion in the setting of HIV disease may reflect, at least in part, chronic Ag exposure in the absence of proinflammatory signals and/or appropriate APC functions.
Evaluation of Role of Hysteroscopic Selective Chromotubation in Proximal Tubal Blockage in Infertility
Authors: Anand HP , Das Banashree , Bharti Juhi 
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACTAimThe aim of the study was to evaluate the role of hysteroscopic selective chromotubation in proximal tubal blockage in infertility patients.Materials and methodsInfertility patients with documented proximal tubal block on hysterosalpingography (HSG), after standard investigations, were enrolled in this study after proper informed written consent. After detailed work up and evaluation, all the patients underwent conventional laparoscopic chromotubation under general anesthesia. Patients with tubal blockage even after conventional chromotubation underwent hysteroscopic selective chromotubation and the results were compared. In this procedure, tubal patency of each tube was evaluated one after another by injecting the dye directly in the ostia through the cannula under hysteroscopic guidance.ResultsOut of the 27 tubes which were found to be blocked even after conventional laparoscopic chromotubation, selective chromotubation revealed free spillage of dye in 44.4% of these tubes. On comparison, only 25% tubes were patent after conventional laparoscopic chromotubation, whereas 50% tubes were patent after selective chromotubation. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.003).ConclusionHysteroscopic selective chromotubation is a better diagnostic test for tubal patency than conventional laparoscopic chromotubation.How to cite this articleBharti J, Das B, Anand HP. Evaluation of Role of Hysteroscopic Selective Chromotubation in Proximal Tubal Blockage in Infertility. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2015;7(2):51-54.