bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinspired synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals in the presence of collagen and l‐arginine: Candidates for bone regeneration
Authors: Brasinika Despoina , Tsigkou Olga , Tsetsekou Athena , Missirlis Yiannis F. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis work aims at the bioinspired synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystals in the presence of both collagen and l‐arginine, in an effort to obtain a homogeneous hybrid material, having a bone‐like nanostructure. Collagen (Col) is the most commonly utilized protein in most species of life, while l‐arginine (Arg) encourages cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation on HAp surfaces. Transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy were used to analyze surface morphology and structure of nanocrystals obtained under different synthesis conditions. It was shown that collagen and arginine content affect HAp crystallization. Collagen has an inhibition effect since HAp crystal size is reduced with the increase of collagen content. The presence of arginine is crucial as a critical content exists (Ca2+:Arg = 1:1) under which HAp nanocrystals coexist with brushite. Under the optimum synthesis conditions (HAp/Col weight ratio 70/30 and Ca2+:Arg molar ratio 1:1) HAp nanoplates of a uniform size (around 10 × 10 nm) were obtained. The biocompatibility of this hybrid powder was assessed using human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Cell response in terms of MSC attachment (scanning electron microscopy) and viability/proliferation (Alamar Blue) demonstrated a noncytotoxic effect of the new material. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 458–469, 2016.
A Green Synthesis of Substituted Coumarins Using Nano Graphene Oxide as Recyclable Catalyst
Authors: Khodabakhshi Saeed , Marahel Farzaneh , Rashidi Alimorad , Abbasabadi Masoud Khaleghi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractOne‐pot synthesis of some pyranocoumarins and biscoumarins using graphene oxide nanosheets as efficient catalyst has been investigated. The green methods offer appealing attributes such as excellent yields, short reactions times, use of a safe and recyclable catalyst, and a simple workup procedure.
Synthesis, Electrochemical and Luminescence Studies of Nickel and Vanadium Complexes Containing Tetradentate Schiff Base Ligand with N2O2 Donor Atoms
Authors: Shafaatian Bita , Maasoumi Elham 
Published: April 2015

AbstractA symmetrical tetradentate Schiff base ligand was derived by the condensation of ortho‐vanillin and thiourea in 2:1 molar ratio and adjusted pH. Nickel and vanadyl complexes were obtained using the template method by the reaction of ortho‐vanillin and thiourea with Ni(OAc)2. 4H2O and VO(acac)2 (2:1:1 molar ratio) in absolute ethanol and adjusted pH. The Schiff base ligand and its complexes have been characterized by FT‐IR, 1H NMR, UV/Vis, elemental analysis and conductometry measurements. In nickel and also vanadyl complexes the ligands were coordinated to the metals via the imine N and enolic O atoms. The complexes have been found to possess 1:1 metal to ligand stoichiometry and the molar conductance data revealed that the metal complexes were non‐electrolytes. The nickel and vanadyl complexes exhibited tetrahedral and square pyramidal coordination geometry, respectively. The emission spectra of the ligand and its complexes were studied in DMSO. Electrochemical properties of the ligand and its complexes were also investigated in the DMF solvent at the 150 mVs‐1 scan rate. The ligand and its complexes showed irreversible processes at this scan rate.
Equitably Colored Balanced Incomplete Block Designs
Authors: Luther Robert D. , Pike David A. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of an equitably ℓ‐colorable balanced incomplete block design for any positive integer. In particular, we present a method for constructing nontrivial equitably ℓ‐colorable BIBDs and prove that these examples are the only nontrivial examples that exist. We also observe that every equitable ℓ‐coloring of a BIBD yields both an equalized ℓ‐coloring and a proper 2‐coloring of the same BIBD.
Using the apparent diffusion coefficient to identifying MGMT promoter methylation status early in glioblastoma: importance of analytical method
Authors: Rundle‐Thiele Dayle , Day Bryan , Stringer Brett , Fay Michael , Martin Jennifer , Jeffree Rosalind L. , Thomas Paul , Bell Christopher , Salvado Olivier , Gal Yaniv , Coulthard Alan , Crozier Stuart , Rose Stephen 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIntroductionAccurate knowledge of O6‐methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) gene promoter subtype in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) is important for treatment. However, this test is not always available. Pre‐operative diffusion MRI (dMRI) can be used to probe tumour biology using the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC); however, its ability to act as a surrogate to predict MGMT status has shown mixed results. We investigated whether this was due to variations in the method used to analyse ADC.MethodsWe undertook a retrospective study of 32 patients with GBM who had MGMT status measured. Matching pre‐operative MRI data were used to calculate the ADC within contrast enhancing regions of tumour. The relationship between ADC and MGMT was examined using two published ADC methods.ResultsA strong trend between a measure of ‘minimum ADC’ and methylation status was seen. An elevated minimum ADC was more likely in the methylated compared to the unmethylated MGMT group (U = 56, P = 0.0561). In contrast, utilising a two‐mixture model histogram approach, a significant reduction in mean measure of the ‘low ADC’ component within the histogram was associated with an MGMT promoter methylation subtype (P < 0.0246).ConclusionThis study shows that within the same patient cohort, the method selected to analyse ADC measures has a significant bearing on the use of that metric as a surrogate marker of MGMT status. Thus for dMRI data to be clinically useful, consistent methods of data analysis need to be established prior to establishing any relationship with genetic or epigenetic profiling.
Current topics in active and intelligent food packaging for preservation of fresh foods
Authors: Lee Seung Yuan , Lee Seung Jae , Choi Dong Soo , Hur Sun Jin 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this review is to provide an overview of current packaging systems, e.g. active packaging and intelligent packaging, for various foods. Active packaging, such as modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), extends the shelf life of fresh produce, provides a high‐quality product, reduces economic losses, including those caused by delay of ripening, and improves appearance. However, in active packaging, several variables must be considered, such as temperature control and different gas formulations with different product types and microorganisms. Active packaging refers to the incorporation of additive agents into packaging materials with the purpose of maintaining or extending food product quality and shelf life. Intelligent packaging is emerging as a potential advantage in food processing and is an especially useful tool for tracking product information and monitoring product conditions. Moreover, intelligent packaging facilitates data access and information exchange by altering conditions inside or outside the packaging and product. In spite of these advantages, few of these packaging systems are commercialized because of high cost, strict safety and hygiene regulations or limited consumer acceptance. Therefore more research is needed to develop cheaper, more easily applicable and effective packaging systems for various foods. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Change in soil organic carbon between 1981 and 2011 in croplands of Heilongjiang Province, northeast China
Authors: Li Lu‐Jun , Burger Martin , Du Shu‐Li , Zou Wen‐Xiu , You Meng‐Yang , Hao Xiang‐Xiang , Lu Xin‐Chun , Zheng Lin , Han Xiao‐Zeng 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDSoil organic carbon (SOC) is fundamental for mitigating climate change as well as improving soil fertility. Databases ofSOCobtained from soil surveys in 1981 and 2011 were used to assessSOCchange (0–20 cm) in croplands of Heilongjiang Province in northeast China. Three counties (Lindian, Hailun and Baoqing) were selected as typical croplands representing major soil types and land use types in the region.RESULTSThe changes inSOCdensity (SOCD) between 1981 and 2001 were −6.6, −14.7 and 5.7 Mg C ha−1in Lindian, Hailun and Baoqing Counties respectively. The totalSOCstorage (SOCS) changes were estimated to be −11.3, −19.1 and 16.5% of those in 1981 in the respective counties. The results showed 22–550% increases inSOCSin rice (Oryza sativaL.) paddies in the three counties, but 28–33% decreases in dry cropland in Lindian and Hailun Counties. In addition, an increase of 11.4 Mg C ha−1inSOCDwas observed in state‐owned farms (P< 0.05), whereas no significant change was observed in family‐owned farms.CONCLUSIONSoil C:N ratio and initialSOCDrelated to soil groups were important determinants ofSOCDchanges. Land use and residue returning greatly affectedSOCchanges in the study region. To increase the topsoilSOCD, the results suggest the conversion of dry croplands to rice paddies and returning of crop residue to soils. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Introgression of blast resistance genes into the elite rice variety MR263 through marker‐assisted backcrossing
Authors: Hasan Muhammad M , Rafii Mohd Y , Ismail Mohd Razi , Mahmood Maziah , Alam Md Amirul , Abdul Rahim Harun , Malek Mohammad A , Latif Mohammad Abdul 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDBlast caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is a significant disease threat to rice across the world and is especially prevalent in Malaysia. An elite, early‐maturing, high‐yielding Malaysian rice variety, MR263, is susceptible to blast and was used as the recurrent parent in this study. To improve MR263 disease resistance, the Pongsu Seribu 1 rice variety was used as donor of the blast resistance Pi‐7(t), Pi‐d(t)1 and Pir2‐3(t) genes and qLN2 quantitative trait locus (QTL). The objective was to introgress these blast resistance genes into the background of MR263 using marker‐assisted backcrossing with both foreground and background selection.RESULTSImproved MR263‐BR‐3‐2, MR263‐BR‐4‐3, MR263‐BR‐13‐1 and MR263‐BR‐26‐4 lines carrying the Pi‐7(t), Pi‐d(t)1 and Pir2‐3(t) genes and qLN2 QTL were developed using the simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers RM5961 and RM263 (linked to the blast resistance genes and QTL) for foreground selection and a collection of 65 polymorphic SSR markers for background selection in backcrossed and selfed generations. A background analysis revealed that the highest rate of recurrent parent genome recovery was 96.1% in MR263‐BR‐4‐3 and 94.3% in MR263‐BR‐3‐2.CONCLUSIONThe addition of blast resistance genes can be used to improve several Malaysian rice varieties to combat this major disease. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Development and validation of a quantification method for ziyuglycoside I and II in rat plasma: Application to their pharmacokinetic studies
Authors: Ye Wei , Fu Hanxu , Xie Lin , Zhou Lijun , Rao Tai , Wang Qian , Shao Yuhao , Xiao Jingcheng , Kang Dian , Wang Guangji , Liang Yan 
Published: April 2015

This study provided a novel and generally applicable method to determine ziyuglycoside I and ziyuglycoside II in rat plasma based on liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. A single step of liquid–liquid extraction with n‐butanol was utilized, and ginsenoside Rg3 was chosen as internal standard. Final extracts were analyzed based on liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a Thermo Golden C18 column, and the applied gradient elution program allowed for the simultaneous determination of two ziyuglycosides in a one‐step chromatographic separation with a total run time of 10 min. The fully validated methodology for both analytes demonstrated high sensitivity (the lower limit of quantitation was 2.0 ng/mL), good accuracy (% RE ≤ ± 15) and precision (% RSD ≤ 15). The average recoveries of both ziyuglycosides and internal standard were all above 75% and no obvious matrix effect was found. This method was then successfully applied to the preclinical pharmacokinetic studies of ziyuglycoside I and ziyuglycoside II. The presently developed methodology would be useful for the preclinical and clinical pharmacokinetic studies for ziyuglycoside I and ziyuglycoside II.
Biomechanical evaluation of human and porcine Auricular cartilage
Authors: Zopf David A. , Flanagan Colleen L. , Nasser Hassan B. , Mitsak Anna G. , Huq Farhan S. , Rajendran Vishnu , Green Glenn E. , Hollister Scott J. 
Published: April 2015

Objectives/HypothesisThe mechanical properties of normal auricular cartilage provide a benchmark against which to characterize changes in auricular structure/function due to genetic defects creating phenotypic abnormalities in collagen subtypes. Such properties also provide inputs/targets for auricular reconstruction scaffold design. Several studies report the biomechanical properties for septal, costal, and articular cartilage. However, analogous data for auricular cartilage are lacking. Therefore, our aim in this study was to characterize both whole‐ear and auricular cartilage mechanics by mechanically testing specimens and fitting the results to nonlinear constitutive models.Study DesignMechanical testing of whole ears and auricular cartilage punch biopsies.MethodsWhole human cadaveric ear and auricular cartilage punch biopsies from both porcine and human cartilage were subjected to whole‐ear helix‐down compression and quasistatic unconfined compression tests. Common hyperelastic constitutive laws (widely used to characterize soft tissue mechanics) were evaluated for their ability to represent the stress‐strain behavior of auricular cartilage.ResultsLoad displacement curves for whole ear testing exhibited compliant linear behavior until after significant displacement where nonlinear stiffening occurred. All five commonly used two‐term hyperelastic soft tissue constitutive models successfully fit both human and porcine nonlinear elastic behavior (mean R2 fit >0.95).ConclusionsAuricular cartilage exhibits nonlinear strain‐stiffening elastic behavior that is similar to other soft tissues in the body. The whole ear exhibits compliant behavior with strain stiffening at high displacement. The constants from the hyperelastic model fits provide quantitative baselines for both human and porcine (a commonly used animal model for auricular tissue engineering) auricular mechanics.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 125:E262–E268, 2015
Laser‐assisted cartilage reshaping for protruding ears: A review of the clinical applications
Authors: Leclère Franck Marie , Vogt Peter M. , Casoli Vincent , Vlachos Spiros , Mordon Serge 
Published: April 2015

Objectives/HypothesisIn 2006, our institute reported the first clinical use of laser‐assisted cartilage reshaping (LACR) for protruding ears. Since then, the technique has been developed and refined. This article reviews the literature on the clinical application of LACR.Study DesignLiterature review.MethodsA MEDLINE literature search was performed on LACR combined with cross‐referencing. The period of search was 1993 to 2014. Search terms used were: laser, cartilage reshaping, protruding ears, LACR.ResultsOnly seven clinical studies using three different wavelengths were found in the literature: 1,064 nm (Nd:YAG), 10,600 nm (CO2), and 1540 nm (Er:Glass). Clinical outcomes, laser wavelength and parameters, and patient satisfaction are discussed in each case.ConclusionsThe success rate for ear reshaping achieved with LACR appears promising. The use of this noninvasive technique will increase in the near future.Level of EvidenceLaryngoscope, 125:2067–2071, 2015
RAI thyroid bed uptake after total thyroidectomy: A novel SPECT‐CT anatomic classification system
Authors: Zeuren Rebecca , Biagini Agnese , Grewal Ravinder K. , Randolph Gregory W. , Kamani Dipti , Sabra Mona M. , Shaha Ashok R. , Tuttle R. Michael 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveRecent, more selective use of radioactive iodine (RAI) has led to reevaluation of the clinical importance of achieving complete total thyroidectomy with minimal residual normal thyroid tissue. We utilize the improved localization by post‐RAI remnant ablation, single photon emission computerized tomography‐computed tomography (SPECT‐CT) to define specific anatomic sites of residual RAI‐uptake foci after total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and to provide a novel classification system relating uptake to thyroid anatomy and preservation of adjacent neural structures.Study DesignRetrospective.MethodRadioactive iodine‐uptake foci in thyroid bed were localized by SPECT/CT imaging at the time of RAI remnant ablation in 141 DTC patients undergoing total thyroidectomy.ResultsMinimal residual RAI uptake (median 0.32% at 24 hours) in the thyroid bed was detected by diagnostic planar whole body scans in 93% and by posttherapy SPECT/CT imaging in 99% of subjects. Discrete RAI uptake foci were identified on the SPECT/CT imaging at Berry's ligament (87%), at superior thyroid poles (79%), in paratracheal‐lobar regions (67%), in isthmus‐region (54%), and in pyramidal lobe (46%). Despite the residual foci, the nonstimulated thyroglobulin (Tg) prior to remnant ablation (with a median thyroid‐stimulating hormone of 0.36 m IU/L) was < 0.6 ng/mL in 53% and < 1 ng/mL in 73% of cases.ConclusionAfter extracapsular total thyroidectomy, highly sensitive detection tools identify microscopic residual RAI avid foci in thyroid bed in the majority of patients. These foci can be classified as 1) neural‐related and 2) capsule‐related. These common residual foci have no relationship to postoperative Tg, suggesting that attempts at radical removal of thyroid tissue in these locations may not be warranted.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:2417–2424, 2015
Evaluation of routine contrast swallow following total pharyngolaryngectomy and free jejunal transfer
Authors: Fujiki Masahide , Miyamoto Shimpei , Hayashi Ryuichi , Sakuraba Minoru 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveAnastomotic leakage is a serious complication following total pharyngolaryngectomy (TPL) and free jejunal transfer (FJT). Although routine radiological assessment using contrast swallow is widely performed postoperatively for the detection of anastomotic leakage before oral intake, the accuracy remains unclear. We evaluated the clinical usefulness of routine contrast swallow for screening of anastomotic leakage.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 232 patients who had undergone TPL and FJT from 2009 to 2013. Initial contrast swallow was performed near the seventh postoperative day in patients without a history of radiation for head and neck region preoperatively and near the 14th postoperative day in patients with a history. The accuracy of routine contrast swallow was calculated.ResultsClinical anastomotic leakage occurred in 12 patients (5.2%); of these, anastomotic leakage was detected by initial contrast swallow in six patients. The sensitivity and specificity of contrast swallow were 50.0% and 99.1%, respectively.ConclusionContrast swallow has low sensitivity and a high false‐negative rate for the diagnosis of clinical leakage after TPL and FJT, and routine contrast swallow was insufficient for the screening of anastomotic leakage. Therefore, contrast swallow should be performed in a targeted fashion for patients with clinical signs of anastomotic leakage.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 125:2280–2283, 2015
Immunohistochemical localization of OCT2 in the cochlea of various species
Authors: Hellberg Victoria , Gahm Caroline , Liu Wei , Ehrsson Hans , Rask‐Andersen Helge , Laurell Göran 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveTo locate the organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) in the cochlea of three different species and to modulate the ototoxicity of cisplatin in the guinea pig by pretreatment with phenformin, having a known affinity for OCT2.Study DesignImmunohistochemical and in vivo study.MethodsSections from the auditory end organs were subjected to immunohistochemical staining in order to identify OCT2 in cochlea from untreated rats, guinea pigs, and a pig. In the in vivo study, guinea pigs were given phenformin intravenously 30 minutes before cisplatin administration. Electrophysiological hearing thresholds were determined, and hair cells loss was assessed 96 hours later. The total amount of platinum in cochlear tissue was determined using mass spectrometry.ResultsOrganic cation transporter 2 was found in the supporting cells and in type I spiral ganglion cells in the cochlea of all species studied. Pretreatment with phenformin did not reduce the ototoxic side effect of cisplatin. Furthermore, the concentration of platinum in the cochlea was not affected by phenformin.ConclusionsThe localization of OCT2 in the supporting cells and type I spiral ganglion cells suggests that this transport protein is not primarily involved in cisplatin uptake from the systemic circulation. We hypothesize that OCT2 transport intensifies cisplatin ototoxicity via transport mechanisms in alternate compartments of the cochlea.Level of EvidenceN/A. Laryngoscope, 125:E320–E325, 2015
Lateral skull base Inflammatory pseudotumor: A systematic review
Authors: Spinazzi Eleonora F. , Desai Stuti V. , Fang Christina H. , Jyung Robert W. , Liu James K. , Baredes Soly , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: April 2015

ObjectiveInflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the lateral skull base is a rare nonneoplastic inflammatory process of unknown cause often mistaken for malignancy or infection. This systematic review aims to analyze all reported cases of lateral skull base IPT to date in order to provide insight into the management of this uncommon lesion.Data SourcesMEDLINE/PubMed database.Review MethodsThe MEDLINE/PubMed databases were searched for articles related to lateral skull base IPT. A bibliography review of the search results was then performed for additional articles. Demographics, presentation, radiographic findings, treatment, follow‐up, and outcome were analyzed.ResultsThirty articles describing 39 patients were reviewed. The most common presenting symptom was hearing loss (53.8%). The mastoid bone had the highest incidence of IPT (61.5%). Computed tomography (CT) was the most utilized imaging modality. The lesion appeared isointense on T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (75.0%) and hypointense on T2‐weighted MRI (62.5%). Histopathological analysis showed fibrosis (96.9%) with inflammatory cell infiltration (100.0%). Surgical resection (alone or in combination with other treatments) was the most common treatment modality (92.3%), producing the greatest number of disease‐free patients overall (96.0%). The mean follow‐up time was 21.6 months, at which point 34.4% of patients showed improvement and 31.3% were completely disease‐free.ConclusionThis review is the most comprehensive analysis of lateral skull base IPT to date. A thorough workup including clinical exam, imaging, and biopsy is essential for diagnosis. Surgical excision is the most common and most successful treatment modality, followed by surgery with corticosteroids. Laryngoscope, 125:2593–2600, 2015