bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding China's Rising Rights Consciousness
Authors: Lorentzen Peter , Scoggins Suzanne 
Published: July 2015

AbstractClaims that China's people are exhibiting a rising “rights consciousness” have become commonplace, with some suggesting this phenomenon is driving political change. Yet it is often unclear what the concept means, leading to ambiguous or contradictory conclusions from field research. In order to create a basis for more systematic analysis, we develop a rational choice framework that characterizes three different factors that could lead to rights-conscious behaviour: changing values, changing government policies, and changing expectations of the behaviour of others. What rising rights consciousness implies for social stability can vary dramatically, depending on which change is at work. Rights consciousness resulting from changes in values or in shared expectations of behaviour is destabilizing for the CCP's continued rule, whereas rights consciousness derived from government policies has a stabilizing effect. While in practice these can be interrelated in complex ways, empirical research would benefit from greater attention to these distinctions.
Vulnerability to climate change and sea-level rise of the 35th biodiversity hotspot, the Forests of East Australia
Authors: BELLARD C. , LECLERC C. , HOFFMANN B. D. , COURCHAMP F. 
Published: July 2015

SUMMARYThere is an urgent need to understand how climate change, including sea-level rise, is likely to threaten biodiversity and cause secondary effects, such as agro-ecosystem alteration and human displacement. The consequences of climate change, and the resulting sea-level rise within the Forests of East Australia biodiversity hotspot, were modelled and assessed for the 2070–2099 period. Climate change effects were predicted to affectc. 100000 km2, and a rise in sea level an area of 860 km2; this could potentially lead to the displacement of 20600 inhabitants. The two threats were projected to mainly affect natural and agricultural areas. The greatest conservation benefits would be obtained by either maintaining or increasing the conservation status of areas in the northern (Wet Tropics) or southern (Sydney Basin) extremities of the hotspot, as they constitute about half of the area predicted to be affected by climate change, and both areas harbour high species richness. Increasing the connectivity of protected areas for Wet Tropics and Sydney Basin species to enable them to move into new habitat areas is also important. This study provides a basis for future research on the effects on local biodiversity and agriculture.
The Use of Data Mining by Private Health Insurance Companies and Customers’ Privacy
Authors: AL-SAGGAF YESLAM 
Published: July 2015

Abstract:This article examines privacy threats arising from the use of data mining by private Australian health insurance companies. Qualitative interviews were conducted with key experts, and Australian governmental and nongovernmental websites relevant to private health insurance were searched. Using Rationale, a critical thinking tool, the themes and considerations elicited through this empirical approach were developed into an argument about the use of data mining by private health insurance companies. The argument is followed by an ethical analysis guided by classical philosophical theories—utilitarianism, Mill’s harm principle, Kant’s deontological theory, and Helen Nissenbaum’s contextual integrity framework. Both the argument and the ethical analysis find the use of data mining by private health insurance companies in Australia to be unethical. Although private health insurance companies in Australia cannot use data mining for risk rating to cherry-pick customers and cannot use customers’ personal information for unintended purposes, this article nonetheless concludes that the secondary use of customers’ personal information and the absence of customers’ consent still suggest that the use of data mining by private health insurance companies is wrong.
Developing a Research Agenda on Ethical Issues Related to Using Social Media in Healthcare
Authors: ADAMS SAMANTHA A. , VAN VEGHEL DENNIS , DEKKER LUKAS 
Published: July 2015

Abstract:The consequences of using publicly available social media applications specifically for healthcare purposes are largely unaddressed in current research. Where they are addressed, the focus is primarily on issues of privacy and data protection. We therefore use a case study of the first live Twitter heart operation in the Netherlands, in combination with recent literature on social media from other academic fields, to identify a wide range of ethical issues related to using social media for health-related purposes. Although this case reflects an innovative approach to public education and patient centeredness, it also illustrates the need for institutions to weigh the various aspects of use and to develop a plan to deal with these on a per case basis. Given the continual development of technologies, researchers may not yet be able to oversee and anticipate all of the potential implications. Further development of a research agenda on this topic, the promotion of guidelines and policies, and the publication of case studies that reveal the granularity of individual situations will therefore help raise awareness and assist physicians and institutions in using social media to support existing care services.
Normality, Therapy, and Enhancement
Authors: GIUBILINI ALBERTO 
Published: July 2015

Abstract:According to human enhancement advocates, it is morally permissible (and sometimes obligatory) to use biomedical means to modulate or select certain biological traits in order to increase people’s welfare, even when there is no pathology to be treated or prevented. Some authors have recently proposed to extend the use of biomedical means to modulate lust, attraction, and attachment. I focus on some conceptual implications of this proposal, particularly with regard to bioconservatives’ understanding of the notions of therapy and enhancement I first explain what makes the proposal of medicalizing love interesting and unique, compared to the other forms of bioenhancement usually advocated. I then discuss how the medicalization of love bears on the more general debate on human enhancement, particularly with regard to the key notion of “normality” that is commonly used to define the therapy–enhancement distinction. This analysis suggests that the medicalization of love, in virtue of its peculiarity, requires bioconservatives to reconsider their way of understanding and applying the notions of “therapy” and “enhancement.” More in particular, I show that, because a non-arbitrary and value-free notion of “therapy” cannot be applied to the case of love, bioconservatives have the burden of either providing some new criterion that could be used for drawing a line between permissible and impermissible medicalization, or demonstrating that under no circumstances—including the cases in which love is already acknowledged to require medical intervention—can love fall within the domain of medicine.
What really caused the Viking Age? The social content of raiding and exploration
Authors: Ashby Steven P. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe cause of the Viking Age is one of our longest-lived debates. A combination of push and pull factors and a catalysing environment instigated the late 8th-century escalation in maritime activity that ultimately led to social, political and religious transformation. Recent discussions have focused on the macro level, with little consideration of the individual gains to be made by raiding. This paper argues that rewards consisted in more than portable wealth. In the flexible hierarchies of the Viking Age, those who took advantage of opportunities to enhance their social capital stood to gain significantly. The lure of the raid was thus more than booty; it was about winning and preserving power through the enchantment of travel and the doing of deeds. This provides an important correction to models that focus on the need for portable wealth; the act of acquiring silver was as important as the silver itself.
Two worlds: Adolescents' strategies for managing life with a parent in hospice
Authors: Sheehan Denice Kopchak , Mayo M. Murray , Christ Grace H. , Heim Kim , Parish Stephanie , Shahrour Ghada , Draucker Claire Burke 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTObjective:This study aimed to generate an explanatory model of the coping strategies that adolescents employ to manage the stressors they experience in the final months of their ill parent's life and shortly after their death.Method:The sample included 26 families of adolescents with a parent receiving care in a large hospice program in northeastern Ohio. A semistructured interview was conducted with 14 ill parents, 17 well parents/guardians, and 30 of their adolescent children before the parent's death and, additionally, with 6 of these families after the death. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a grounded-theory approach.Results:The participants described two worlds that constituted the lives of the adolescents: the well world of normal adolescence and the ill world of having a parent near the end of life. The adolescents experienced a common challenge of living in two worlds and responded to the challenge with a process we labeled “managing two worlds.” Five stages through which adolescents manage their worlds were identified: keeping the ill world and the well world separate; having the ill world intrude into the well world; moving between the ill world and the well world; being immersed in the ill world; and returning to the well world having been changed by the ill world.Significance of results:The explanatory model of “managing two worlds” outlines a complex and nuanced process that changes over time. The model can be used by health professionals who seek to help adolescents navigate this critical time when their parents are dying or have recently died. These results can also be used to inform the development of interventions that assist families with strategies tailored to an adolescent's specific needs. Future research should investigate associations among the process of “managing two worlds” and outcomes related to adolescent bereavement.
Biochemical changes in developing embryos of Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) induced by pheromone produced by ovipositing gregarious females
Authors: Khamis Fathiya M. , Mireji Paul O. , Osir Ellie O. , Imbuga Mabel O. , Hassanali Ahmed 
Published: July 2015

Trans-generational transfer of gregarious-phase traits in the desert locustSchistocerca gregaria(Forskål, 1775) is mediated by primer gregarizing pheromonal signals produced by ovipositing females that experience crowding. We monitored time-course proteomic events in eggs from solitary-reared locusts that had been exposed for 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 12 days to different levels of the sand-associated gregarizing signal originating from 0, 3, 5 or 10 ovipositions by crowd-reared females. Evidence for the phase transition was sought by comparing the protein patterns of embryos thus exposed with those from crowd-reared (gregarious) controls; this comparison was continued until the stage of the first instars. Expressed proteins were analysed by two-dimensional protein gel electrophoresis, and patterns from the different treatments within stages were compared by profile matching andχ2analyses. Eggs derived from crowd- and solitary-reared females showed essentially similar protein patterns at early stages of embryogenesis; however, mature stages (particularly, days 10 and 12) and hatchlings demonstrated significantly different patterns. Protein patterns of eggs from solitary-reared females that were incubated in sand contaminated with the pheromonal signal and of the hatchlings that emerged were similar to those derived from gregarious females and dependent on the level of the pheromone to which the embryos had been exposed. The results confirm the gregarizing effect of the signal and constitute a useful basis for unravelling the mechanism of the signalling cascades associated with gene expressions triggered by the pheromone.
Generic inference of inflation models by local non-Gaussianity
Authors: Dorn Sebastian , Ramirez Erandy , Kunze Kerstin E. , Hofmann Stefan , Enßlin Torsten A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe presence of multiple fields during inflation might seed a detectable amount of non-Gaussianity in the curvature perturbations, which in turn becomes observable in present data sets like the cosmic microwave background (CMB) or the large scale structure (LSS). Within this proceeding we present a fully analytic method to infer inflationary parameters from observations by exploiting higher-order statistics of the curvature perturbations. To keep this analyticity, and thereby to dispense with numerically expensive sampling techniques, a saddle-point approximation is introduced whose precision has been validated for a numerical toy example. Applied to real data, this approach might enable to discriminate among the still viable models of inflation.
A Bayesian Method for the Extinction
Authors: Tian Hai-Jun , Liu Chao , Hu Jing-Yao , Xu Yang , Chen Xue-Lei 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe propose a Bayesian method to measure the total Galactic extinction parameters, RV and AV. Validation tests based on the simulated data indicate that the method can achieve the accuracy of around 0.01 mag. We apply this method to the SDSS BHB stars in the northern Galactic cap and find that the derived extinctions are highly consistent with those from Schlegel et al. (1998). It suggests that the Bayesian method is promising for the extinction estimation, even the reddening values are close to the observational errors.
Statistical Challenges in the Photometric Calibration for 21st Century Cosmology: The J-PAS case
Authors: Varela Jesús , Cristóbal-Hornillos David , Cenarro Javier , Ederoclite Alessadro , Muniesa David , Ramió Héctor Vázquez , Gruel Nicolas , Moles Mariano 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe success of many cosmological surveys in the near future is highly grounded on the quality of their photometry. The Javalambre-PAU Astrophysical Survey (J-PAS) will image more than 8500 deg2 of the Northern Sky Hemisphere in 54 narrow + 2 medium/broad optical bands plus Sloan u, g and r bands. The main goal of J-PAS is to provide the best constrains on the cosmological parameters before the arrival of projects like Euclid or LSST. To achieve this goal the uncertainty in photo-z cannot be larger than 0.3% for several millions of galaxies and this is highly dependent on the photometric accuracy.The photometric calibration of J-PAS will imply the intensive use of huge amounts of data and the use of statistical tools is unavoidable. Here, we present some of the key steps in the photometric calibration of J-PAS that will demand a suitable statistical approach.
Reconstructing light curves from HXMT imaging observations
Authors: Huo Zhuo-Xi , Zhang Juan , Li Yi-Ming , Zhou Jian-Feng 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT) is a Chinese space telescope mission. It is scheduled for launch in 2015. The telescope will perform an all-sky survey in hard X-ray band (1 - 250 keV), a series of deep imaging observations of small sky regions as well as pointed observations. In this work we present a conceptual method to reconstruct light curves from HXMT imaging observation directly, in order to monitor time-varying objects such as GRB, AXP and SGR in hard X-ray band with HXMT imaging observations.
The Needlet CMB Trispectrum
Authors: Troja Antonino , Donzelli Simona , Maino Davide , Marinucci Domenico 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe propose a computationally feasible estimator for the needlet trispectrum, which develops earlier work on the bispectrum by Donzelli et al. (2012). Our proposal seems to enjoy a number of useful properties, in particular a) the construction exploits the localization properties of the needlet system, and hence it automatically handles masked regions; b) the procedure incorporates a quadratic correction term to correct for the presence of instrumental noise and sky-cuts; c) it is possible to provide analytic results on its statistical properties, which can serve as a guidance for simulations. The needlet trispectrum we present here provides the natural building blocks for the efficient estimation of nonlinearity parameters on CMB data, and in particular for the third order constants gNL and τNL.
The Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background Generated by Cosmic String Networks
Authors: Sousa L. , Avelino P. P. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCosmic string interactions often result in the formation of cosmic string loops that detach from the long string network and radiate their energy in the form of gravitational waves. Loop production occurs copiously throughout the cosmological evolution of a cosmic string network and the superimposition of their emissions gives rise to a stochastic gravitational In this essay, we briefly review our recent work on the stochastic gravitational wave background generated by cosmic string networks and introduce a set of numerical and analytical tools for the computation of this background.
Photometric typing of normal and peculiar type Ia supernovae
Authors: González-Gaitán Santiago , Bufano Filomena 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe present a new photometric typing technique for normal type Ia supernovae (SNe~Ia) and peculiar SNe~Ia such as SN~1991bg-like, type Iax and super-Chandrasekhar SNe~Ia. This photometric classifier allows the identification of exclusively normal SNe~Ia (with a purity above 99% and an efficiency greater than 80%) in current and future large wide field surveys for cosmological studies.
Application of Statistical Methods on Automated Recognition of Solar Activity Phenomena and Analysis of Their Correlation
Authors: Lin Ganghua 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe recent immense volume of observation data has urged us to recognize solar features and to analyze their correlation with automation methods, and many of these automation methods are closely related to statistical methods. Author investigations the extensive literatures to sum up the function of statistical methods and their advantages in recognizing automatically solar features and analyzing their correlation. The review lists the results and summarizes conclusions of the investigations. The results and conclusions will be helpful to promote the further automation processing.
Improved KPCA for supernova photometric classification
Authors: Ishida Emille E. O. , Abdalla Filipe B. , de Souza Rafael S. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe problem of supernova photometric identification is still an open issue faced by large photometric surveys. In a previous investigation, we showed how combining Kernel Principal Component Analysis and Nearest Neighbour algorithms enable us to photometrically classify supernovae with a high rate of success. In the present work, we demonstrate that the introduction of Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) in determining each light curve highly improves the efficiency and purity rates. We present detailed comparison with results from the literature, based on the same simulated data set. The method proved to be satisfactorily efficient, providing high purity (⩽ 96%) rates when compared with standard algorithms, without demanding any information on astrophysical properties of the local environment, host galaxy or redshift.
Entropy in universes evolving from initial to final de Sitter eras
Authors: Mimoso José P. , Pavón Diego 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis work studies the behavior of entropy in recent cosmological models that start with an initial de Sitter expansion phase, go through the conventional radiation and matter dominated eras to be followed by a final de Sitter epoch. In spite of their seemingly similarities (observationally they are close to the Λ-CDM model), different models deeply differ in their physics. The second law of thermodynamics encapsulates the underlying microscopic, statistical description, and hence we investigate it in the present work. Our study reveals that the entropy of the apparent horizon plus that of matter and radiation inside it, increases and is a concave function of the scale factor. Thus thermodynamic equilibrium is approached in the last de Sitter era, and this class of models is thermodynamically correct. Cosmological models that do not approach equilibrium appear in conflict with the second law of thermodynamics. (Based on Mimoso & Pavon 2013)
Testing the Equivalence Principle in space with MICROSCOPE: the data analysis challenge
Authors: Bergé Joel , Baghi Quentin , Pires Sandrine 
Published: July 2015

AbstractTheories beyond the Standard Model and General Relativity predict a violation of the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) just below the current best experimental upper limits. MICROSCOPE (Micro-Satellite à traînée Compensée pour l'Observation du Principe d'Equivalence) will allow us to lower them by two orders of magnitude, and maybe to detect a WEP violation. However, analyzing the MICROSCOPE data will be challenging, mostly because of missing data and a colored noise burrying the signal of interest. In this communication, we apply an inpainting technique to simulated MICROSCOPE data and show that inpainting will help detect a WEP violation signal.
Density reconstruction from 3D lensing: Application to galaxy clusters
Authors: Lanusse François , Leonard Adrienne , Starck Jean-Luc 
Published: July 2015

AbstractUsing the 3D information provided by photometric or spectroscopic weak lensing surveys, it has become possible in the last few years to address the problem of mapping the matter density contrast in three dimensions from gravitational lensing. We recently proposed a new non linear sparsity based reconstruction method allowing for high resolution reconstruction of the over-density. This new technique represents a significant improvement over previous linear methods and opens the way to new applications of 3D weak lensing density reconstruction. In particular, we demonstrate that for the first time reconstructed over-density maps can be used to detect and characterise galaxy clusters in mass and redshift.
How well can the evolution of the scale factor be reconstructed by the current data?
Authors: Vitenti Sandro D. P. , Penna-Lima Mariana 
Published: July 2015

AbstractDistance measurements are currently the most powerful tool to study the expansion history of the universe without assuming its matter content nor any theory of gravitation. In general, the reconstruction of the scale factor derivatives, such as the deceleration parameter q(z), is computed using two different methods: fixing the functional form of q(z), which yields potentially biased estimates, or approximating q(z) by a piecewise nth-order polynomial function, whose variance is large. In this work, we address these two methods by reconstructing q(z) assuming only an isotropic and homogeneous universe. For this, we approximate q(z) by a piecewise cubic spline function and, then, we add to the likelihood function a penalty factor, with scatter given by σrel. This factor allows us to vary continuously between the full n knots spline, σrel → ∞, and a single linear function, σrel → 0. We estimate the coefficients of q(z) using the Monte Carlo approach, where the realizations are generated considering ΛCDM as a fiducial model. We apply this procedure in two different cases and assuming four values of σrel to find the best balance between variance and bias. First, we use only the Supernova Legacy Survey 3-year (SNLS3) sample and, in the second analysis, we combine the type Ia supernova (SNeIa) likelihood with those of baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO) and Hubble function measurements. In both cases we fit simultaneously q(z) and 4 nuisance parameters of the supernovae, namely, the magnitudes $\mathcal{M}$1 and $\mathcal{M}$2 and the light curve parameters α and β.