bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Granulosa cell-derived induced pluripotent stem cells exhibit pro-trophoblastic differentiation potential
Authors: Chuang Ching-Yu , Huang Mei-Chi , Chen Hsin-Fu , Tseng Li-Hui , Yu Chun-Ying , Stone Lee , Huang Hsiang-Po , Ho Hong-Nerng , Kuo Hung-Chih 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been derived from various somatic cell types. Granulosa cells, a group of cells which surround oocytes and are obtained from the (normally discarded) retrieved egg follicles of women undergoing infertility treatment, are a possible cell source for induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation. Here, we explored the possibility of using human granulosa cells as a donor cell type for iPSC reprogramming, and compared granulosa cell-derived iPSCs (iGRAs) with those derived from other cell sources, to determine the potential ability of iGRA differentiation.

Methods
Granulosa cells were collected from egg follicles retrieved from women undergoing infertility treatment. After short-term culture, the granulosa cells derived from different patients were mixed in culture, and infected with retroviruses encoding reprogramming factors. The resulting iPSC clones were selected and subjected to microsatellite DNA analysis to determine their parental origin. IGRAs were subjected to RT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining, and in vitro and in vivo differentiation assays to further establish their pluripotent characteristics.

Results
Microsatellite DNA analysis was used to demonstrate that hiPSCs with different parental origins can be simultaneously reprogrammed by retroviral transfection of a mixed human granulosa cell population obtained from multiple individuals. The iGRAs resemble human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in many respects, including morphological traits, growth requirements, gene and marker expression profiles, and in vitro and in vivo developmental propensities. We also demonstrate that the iGRAs express low levels of NLRP2, and differentiating iGRAs possess a biased differentiation potential toward the trophoblastic lineage. Although NLRP2 knockdown in hESCs promotes trophoblastic differentiation of differentiating hESCs, it does not result in exit from pluripotency. These results imply that NLRP2 may play a role in regulating the trophoblastic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells.

Conclusions
These findings provide a means of generating iPSCs from multiple granulosa cell populations with different parental origins. The ability to generate iPSCs from granulosa cells not only enables modeling of infertility-associated disease, but also provides a means of identifying potential clinical interventions through iPSC-based drug screening.
Evaluation of the applicability of the Immuno‐solid‐phase allergen chip (ISAC) assay in atopic patients in Singapore
Authors: Santosa Amelia , Andiappan Anand Kumar , Rotzschke Olaf , Wong Hung Chew , Chang Amanda , Bigliardi‐Qi Mei , Wang De‐Yun , Bigliardi Paul Lorenz 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveMolecular‐based allergy diagnostics are gaining popularity in clinical practice. Our aim was to evaluate their role in the tropics, given the inherent genetic and environmental differences.MethodsWe recruited subjects with history of atopy and collected data on demographics and atopic symptoms using validated questionnaires. Subjects underwent a series of skin prick tests (SPT). Serum total and specific IgE levels were measured using ImmunoCAP FEIA and ImmunoCAP ISAC®, respectively. We describe their pattern of sensitization and agreement between test methods.ResultsA total of 135 subjects were recruited; mean ± SD age of 31.18 ± 12.72 years, 52.7% female. Allergic rhinitis (AR) was the most prevalent clinical manifestation of atopy (70.7%), followed by atopic dermatitis (AD) (50.5%) and asthma (26.2%). Polysensitization was seen in 51.1% of subjects by both SPT and ISAC. House dust mites (HDM) were the dominant allergen, with sensitization in 67.8% and 62% of subjects on SPT and ISAC, respectively. A group of subjects with monosensitization to B. tropicalis was identified. HDM sensitization was strongly associated with AR, while AD and asthma were not associated with sensitization to any allergen. Agreement between SPT and ISAC was mostly suboptimal. Greatest agreement was documented for the measurement of HDM sensitization with both methods (κ = 0.64). Sensitization to the bulk of the remaining allergens in the ISAC panel was infrequent.ConclusionMultiplex methods should not be used as a screening tool, especially in a population with lower rates of polysensitization and a dominant sensitizing allergen. There may be a role in adjusting the antigen spectrum in the ISAC panel to regional differences.
An approach version of fuzzy metric spaces including an ad hoc fixed point theorem
Authors: Roldán-López-de-Hierro Antonio-Francisco , de la Sen Manuel , Martínez-Moreno Juan , Roldán-López-de-Hierro Concepción 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn this paper, inspired by two very different, successful metric theories such us the real view-point of Lowen’sapproach spacesand the probabilistic field of Kramosil and Michálek’sfuzzy metric spaces, we present a family of spaces, calledfuzzy approach spaces, that are appropriate to handle, at the same time, both measure conceptions. To do that, we study the underlying metric interrelationships between the above mentioned theories, obtaining six postulates that allow us to consider such kind of spaces in a unique category. As a result, the natural way in which metric spaces can be embedded in both classes leads to a commutative categorical scheme. Each postulate is interpreted in the context of the study of the evolution of fuzzy systems. First properties of fuzzy approach spaces are introduced, including a topology. Finally, we describe a fixed point theorem in the setting of fuzzy approach spaces that can be particularized to the previous existing measure spaces.
Convergence theorems for split equality mixed equilibrium problems with applications
Authors: Ma Zhaoli , Wang Lin , Chang Shih-sen , Duan Wen 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a new algorithm for solving split equality mixed equilibrium problems in the framework of infinite-dimensional real Hilbert spaces. The strong and weak convergence theorems are obtained. As application, we shall utilize our results to study the split equality mixed variational inequality problem and the split equality convex minimization problem. Our results presented in this paper improve and extend some recent corresponding results.
Parasympathetic reactivation after maximal CPET depends on exercise modality and resting vagal activity in healthy men
Authors: Cunha Felipe A , Midgley Adrian W , Gonçalves Thiago , Soares Pedro P , Farinatti Paulo 
Published: February 2015

Abstract

Purpose
The main purpose of this study was to investigate parasympathetic reactivation of the heart [evaluated through heart rate recovery (HRR) and HR variability (HRV)] after maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) using three different exercise modalities.

Methods
Twenty healthy men, aged 17 to 28 yr, performed three maximal CPETs (cycling, walking, and running) separated by 72 h and in a randomized, counter-balanced order. HRR was determined from the absolute differences between HRpeak and HR at 1–3 min after exercise. The root mean square of successive R-R differences calculated for consecutive 30-s windows (rMSSD30s) was calculated to assess the parasympathetic reactivation after maximal CPET.

Results
Lower HRpeak, VO2peak and energy expenditure were observed after the cycling CPET than the walking and running CPETs (P < 0.001). Both HRR and rMSSD30s were significantly greater during recovery from the cycling CPET compared to the walking and running CPETs (P < 0.001). Furthermore, Δ rMSSD (i.e. resting minus postexercise rMSSD every 30 s into the recovery period) was positively related to the resting high-frequency component (HF), rMSSD, and standard deviation of all normal R-R intervals (SDNN) (rs = 0.89 to 0.98; P < 0.001), and negatively related to the resting low-frequency component (LF) and sympathovagal balance (LF:HF ratio) after all exercise conditions (rs = −0.73 to −0.79 and −0.86 to −0.90, respectively; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
These findings support that parasympathetic reactivation after maximal CPET (as assessed by HRR and rMSSD30s) depends on exercise modality and cardiac autonomic control at rest.
The role of chitin, chitinases, and chitinase-like proteins in pediatric lung diseases
Authors: Mack Ines , Hector Andreas , Ballbach Marlene , Kohlhäufl Julius , Fuchs Katharina J , Weber Alexander , Mall Marcus A , Hartl Dominik 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Chitin, after cellulose, the second most abundant biopolymer on earth, is a key component of insects, fungi, and house-dust mites. Lower life forms are endowed with chitinases to defend themselves against chitin-bearing pathogens. Unexpectedly, humans were also found to express chitinases as well as chitinase-like proteins that modulate immune responses. Particularly, increased levels of the chitinase-like protein YKL-40 have been associated with severe asthma, cystic fibrosis, and other inflammatory disease conditions. Here, we summarize and discuss the potential role of chitin, chitinases, and chitinase-like proteins in pediatric lung diseases.
Cytokine-induced monocyte MMP-1 is negatively regulated by GSK-3 through a p38 MAPK-mediated decrease in ERK1/2 MAPK activation
Authors: Zhang Yahong , Wahl Larry M 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Elucidation of the signal transduction events leading to the production of MMPs by monocytes/macrophages may provide insights into the mechanisms involved in the destruction of connective tissue associated with chronic inflammatory lesions. Here, we show that GSK-3 is a negative regulator of cytokine-induced MMP-1 production by monocytes. Inhibition of monocyte GSK-3 pharmacologically with SB216763 or GSK-3β siRNA caused a significant enhancement of MMP-1 by TNF-α− and GM-CSF-activated monocytes, indicating that induction of MMP-1 by TNF-α and GM-CSF involved phosphorylation/inactivation of GSK-3. TNF-α- and GM-CSF-induced phosphorylation of GSK-3 and subsequent MMP-1 production was blocked with the PKC inhibitor Gö6976 but not by the AKT1/2 inhibitor AKT VIII, showing that cytokine phosphorylation of GSK-3 occurs primarily through a PKC pathway. Inhibition of GSK-3 resulted in decreased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK with a corresponding increase in phosphorylation of ERK1/2 MAPK. Enhanced MMP-1 production by treatment with SB216763 was a result of increased ERK1/2 activation, as demonstrated by inhibition of MMP-1 by PD98059, a specific ERK1/2 inhibitor. Conversely, the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 enhanced cytokine activation of ERK1/2 and the production of MMP-1 similar to that of SB216763. These findings demonstrate that the degree of cytokine-mediated phosphorylation/inhibition of GSK-3 determines the level of MMP-1 production through a mechanism involving decreased activation of p38 MAPK, a negative regulator of ERK1/2 required for cytokine-induced production of MMP-1 by monocytes.
Triple-Modality Screening Trial for Familial Breast Cancer Underlines the Importance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Questions the Role of Mammography and Ultrasound Regardless of Patient Mutation Status, Age, and Breast Density
Authors: Riedl Christopher C. , Luft Nikolaus , Bernhart Clemens , Weber Michael , Bernathova Maria , Tea Muy-Kheng M. , Rudas Margaretha , Singer Christian F. , Helbich Thomas H. 
Published: February 2015

Purpose To evaluate the breast cancer screening efficacy of mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a high-risk population and in various population subgroups. Patients and Methods In a single-center, prospective, nonrandomized comparison study, BRCA mutation carriers and women with a high familial risk (> 20% lifetime risk) for breast cancer were offered screening with mammography, ultrasound, and MRI every 12 months. Diagnostic performance was compared between individual modalities and their combinations. Further comparisons were based on subpopulations dichotomized by screening rounds, mutation status, age, and breast density. Results There were 559 women with 1,365 complete imaging rounds included in this study. The sensitivity of MRI (90.0%) was significantly higher (P < .001) than that of mammography (37.5%) and ultrasound (37.5%). Of 40 cancers, 18 (45.0%) were detected by MRI alone. Two cancers were found by mammography alone (a ductal carcinoma in situ [DCIS] with microinvasion and a DCIS with < 10-mm invasive areas). This did not lead to a significant increase of sensitivity compared with using MRI alone (P = .15). No cancers were detected by ultrasound alone. Similarly, of 14 DCISs, all were detected by MRI, whereas mammography and ultrasound each detected five DCISs (35.7%). Age, mutation status, and breast density had no influence on the sensitivity of MRI and did not affect the superiority of MRI over mammography and ultrasound. Conclusion MRI allows early detection of familial breast cancer regardless of patient age, breast density, or risk status. The added value of mammography is limited, and there is no added value of ultrasound in women undergoing MRI for screening.
Psychosocial Distress Screening Implementation in Cancer Care: An Analysis of Adherence, Responsiveness, and Acceptability
Authors: Zebrack Brad , Kayser Karen , Sundstrom Laura , Savas Sue Ann , Henrickson Chris , Acquati Chiara , Tamas Rebecca L. 
Published: February 2015

Purpose The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer has mandated implementation of a systematic protocol for psychosocial distress screening and referral as a condition for cancer center accreditation beginning in 2015. Compliance with standards requires evidence that distress screening protocols are carried out as intended and result in appropriate referral and follow-up when indicated. The purpose of this study was to examine the fidelity of distress screening protocols at two tertiary cancer treatment centers. Methods A retrospective review and analysis of electronic medical records over a 12-week period examined clinic adherence to a prescribed distress screening protocol and responsiveness to patients whose scores on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer (DT) indicated clinically significant levels of distress requiring subsequent psychosocial contact. A weekly online survey assessed clinician perspectives on the acceptability of the protocol. Results Across clinics, rates of adherence to the distress screening protocol ranged from 47% to 73% of eligible patients. For patients indicating clinically significant distress (DT score ≥ 4), documentation of psychosocial contact or referral occurred, on average, 50% to 63% of the time, and was more likely to occur at one of two participating institutions when DT scores were high (DT score of 8 to 10). Clinician assessments of the protocol's utility in addressing patient concerns and responding to patient needs were generally positive. Conclusion Systematic tracking of distress screening protocols is needed to demonstrate compliance with new standards of care and to demonstrate how well institutions are responding to their clinical obligation to address cancer patients' emotional and psychosocial needs.
Chronic Activation of FXR in Transgenic Mice Caused Perinatal Toxicity and Sensitized Mice to Cholesterol Toxicity
Authors: Cheng Qiuqiong , Inaba Yuka , Lu Peipei , Xu Meishu , He Jinhan , Zhao Yueshui , Guo Grace L. , Kuruba Ramalinga , de la Vega Rona , Evans Rhobert W. , Li Song , Xie Wen 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 4, or NR1H4) is highly expressed in the liver and intestine. Previous reports have suggested beneficial functions of FXR in the homeostasis of bile acids, lipids, and glucose, as well as in promoting liver regeneration and inhibiting carcinogenesis. To investigate the effect of chronic FXR activation in vivo, we generated transgenic mice that conditionally and tissue specifically express the activated form of FXR in the liver and intestine. Unexpectedly, the transgenic mice showed several intriguing phenotypes, including partial neonatal lethality, growth retardation, and spontaneous liver toxicity. The transgenic mice also displayed heightened sensitivity to a high-cholesterol diet-induced hepatotoxicity but resistance to the gallstone formation. The phenotypes were transgene specific, because they were abolished upon treatment with doxycycline to silence the transgene expression. The perinatal toxicity, which can be rescued by a maternal vitamin supplement, may have resulted from vitamin deficiency due to low biliary bile acid output as a consequence of inhibition of bile acid formation. Our results also suggested that the fibroblast growth factor-inducible immediate-early response protein 14 (Fn14), a member of the proinflammatory TNF family, is a FXR-responsive gene. However, the contribution of Fn14 induction in the perinatal toxic phenotype of the transgenic mice remains to be defined. Because FXR is being explored as a therapeutic target, our results suggested that a chronic activation of this nuclear receptor may have an unintended side effect especially during the perinatal stage.
The putative tumor suppressor geneEphA3fails to demonstrate a crucial role in murine lung tumorigenesis or morphogenesis
Authors: Lahtela Jenni , Pradhan Barun , Närhi Katja , Hemmes Annabrita , Särkioja Merja , Kovanen Panu E. , Brown Arthur , Verschuren Emmy W. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractTreatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is based on histological analysis and molecular profiling of targetable driver oncogenes. Therapeutic responses are further defined by the landscape of passenger mutations, or loss of tumor suppressor genes. We report here a thorough study to address the physiological role of the putative lung cancer tumor suppressor EPHA3, a gene that is frequently mutated in human lung adenocarcinomas. Our data shows that homozygous or heterozygous loss of EphA3 does not alter the progression of mutant Kras- or loss of Trp53-driven murine adenocarcinomas. Moreover, consistent with the previous reports of the roles of EPH receptors in embryonic development, we find that in contrary to the low postnatal expression of EphA3 in adult mouse, EphA3 is detected in the distal mesenchyme of developing mouse lung, opposing the epithelial expression of its ephrin-A1 ligand. However, the partial loss of EphA3 leads only to subtle changes in epithelial Nkx2-1, endothelial Cd31 and mesenchymal Fgf10 RNA expression levels, and no macroscopic phenotypic effect on lung epithelial branching, mesenchymal cell proliferation, or abundance and localization of CD31-positive endothelia is measured. The lack of a discernible lung phenotype in EphA3 null mice may indicate lack of an overt role for EPHA3 in the murine lung, or imply functional redundancy between lung-expressed EPHA receptors. Moreover, our study shows how biological complexity can challenge in vivo functional validation of mutations identified in sequencing efforts, and provides an incentive for the design of knock-in or conditional models to assign the role of EPHA3 mutation during lung tumorigenesis.
MicroRNA regulation of p21 and TASK1 cellular restriction-factors enhances HIV-1 infection
Authors: Farberov Luba , Herzig Eytan , Modai Shira , Isakov Ofer , Hizi Amnon , Shomron Noam 
Published: February 2015

MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that play a central role in regulation of gene-expression by binding to target-gene mRNAs. Several studies have revealed alterations in cellular-miRNA profiles following HIV-1 infection, mostly inhibiting viral-infection. These miRNA expression modifications may also serve to block the innate HIV-1 inhibition mechanism. As a result, it is expected that during HIV-1 infection miRNAs target genes that hinder or prevent the progression of different steps in the HIV-1 replication cycle.
One of the major sets of genes known to inhibit the progression of HIV infection are cellular restriction factors. In this study, we identified a direct miRNA-target gene, which modulates viral spread in T-lymphocytes and HeLa-CCR5 cell-lines. Following infection, let-7c/miR-34a/miR-124a were up-regulated, which targeted and thus down-regulated p21 and TASK1 cellular proteins. This eventually led to increased virion release, and higher copy number of viral genome-transcripts in infected cells. Conversely, by down-regulating these miRNAs, we were able to suppress viral-replication and spread. Our data suggest that HIV-1 exploits the host miRNAs' cellular systems in order to block the innate-inhibition mechanism, allowing a more efficient infection process.
Structure Determination from Powder X-ray Diffraction Data of Black Azo (Hydrazone) Pigments
Authors: Otani Junji , Matsumura Michio , Fujii Kotaro , Uekusa Hidehiro 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Crystal structures of two black monoazo (hydrazone) pigments have been determined from powder X-ray diffraction data combined with DFT calculations. The DFT calculations suggested the molecules are in hydrazone forms but not in azo forms in both crystal structures. The molecular arrangements in the crystal structures suggested Davydov splitting may occur by excitonic interactions and it causes the red absorption band shift in the crystalline state leading to the characteristic black colors.
Validation of ORTO-15 Questionnaire in the group of urban youth aged 15-21
Authors: Stochel Martyna , Janas - Kozik Małgorzata , Zejda Jan , Hyrnik Joanna , Jelonek Ireneusz , Siwiec Andrzej 
Published: February 2015

CelGłównym celem badania była walidacja i adaptacja do warunków polskich w grupie młodzieży miejskiej kwestionariusza ORTO-15.MetodaBadaniem objęto grupę 399 osób (15-21 lat), będących uczniami i uczennicami szkół ponadgimnazjalnych w Sosnowcu. ORTO-15 jest narzędziem stworzonym we Włoszech przez L.M. Donini, składa się z 15 pozycji opisujących nasilenie ryzyka występowania ortoreksji (diagnoza populacyjna). W procedurze walidacji wykorzystano trzy podstawowe metody stosowane w analizie rzetelności - porównanie dwukrotnych badań tym samym testem, analizę właściwości statystycznych pozycji testowych oraz analizę związku pozycji testowych z ogólnym wynikiem testu. Ponadto badaniu poddano zgodność wyniku badania kwestioriuszem ORTO-15 z wynikami innego kwestionariusza ukierunkowanego na zachowania żywieniowe (EAT-26).WynikiAnaliza rzetelności kwestionariusza ORTO-15 oparta na powtarzalności odpowiedzi wskazuje na bardzo dobrą (kappa: 0.81-1.00 dla 5 pozycji) oraz dobrą (kappa: 0.61-0.80 dla 10 pozycji) powtarzalność. Analiza rzetelności oparta na wartości statystyki α Cronbacha osiągnęła satysfakcjonujący poziom (0,7 – 0,9). Pełna zgodność występowania ryzyka ortoreksji oraz ryzyka zaburzeń odżywiania wyniosła 47,2% (Kappa = 0,04; 95% PU: 0,004 – 0,09) dla Orto-40 oraz 88,2% (Kappa = 0,32; 95% PU: 0,17 – 0,47) dla Orto-35.WnioskiKwestionariusz ORTO-15 jest wiarygodnym narzędziem identyfikującym ryzyko występowania ortoreksji w warunkach badań populacyjnych w grupie młodzieży miejskiej w wieku 15 – 21 lat.