bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of immediate‐release opioid on memory functioning: a randomized‐controlled study in patients receiving sustained‐release opioids
Authors: Kamboj S.K. , Conroy L. , Tookman A. , Carroll E. , Jones L. , Curran H.V. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of opioid medication on cognitive functioning in patients with cancer and non‐cancer pain remain unclear.MethodIn this mechanistic randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study of patients (n = 20) receiving sustained‐release and immediate‐release opioid medication as part of their palliative care, we examine memory effects of an additional dose of participants' immediate‐release medication (oxycodone or morphine) or placebo. Immediate prose recall and recall of related and unrelated word pairs was assessed pre‐and post‐drug (placebo or immediate‐release opioid). Memory for these stimuli was also tested after a delay on each testing occasion. Finally, performance on an ‘interference’ word pair task was assessed on the two testing occasions since proactive interference has been posited as a mechanism for acute opioid‐induced memory impairment.ResultUnlike previous work, we found no evidence of memory impairment for material presented before or after individually tailored, ‘breakthrough’ doses of immediate‐release opioid. Furthermore, immediate‐release opioid did not result in increased memory interference. On the other hand, we found enhanced performance on the interference word pair task after immediate‐release opioid, possibly indicating lower levels of interference.ConclusionThese results suggest that carefully titrated immediate‐release doses of opioid drugs may not cause extensive memory impairment as previously reported, and in fact, may improve memory in certain circumstances. Importantly, our findings contrast strikingly with those of a study using the same robust design that showed significant memory impairment. We propose that factors, such as depressive symptoms, education level and sustained‐release opioid levels may influence whether impairment is observed following immediate‐release opioid treatment.
Tafenoquine at therapeutic concentrations does not prolong fridericia‐corrected QT interval in healthy subjects
Authors: Green Justin A. , Patel Apurva K. , Patel Bela R. , Hussaini Azra , Harrell Emma J. , McDonald Mirna J. , Carter Nick , Mohamed Khadeeja , Duparc Stephan , Miller Ann K. 
Published: April 2014

AbstractTafenoquine is being developed for relapse prevention in Plasmodium vivax malaria. This Phase I, single‐blind, randomized, placebo‐ and active‐controlled parallel group study investigated whether tafenoquine at supratherapeutic and therapeutic concentrations prolonged cardiac repolarization in healthy volunteers. Subjects aged 18–65 years were randomized to one of five treatment groups (n = 52 per group) to receive placebo, tafenoquine 300, 600, or 1200 mg, or moxifloxacin 400 mg (positive control). Lack of effect was demonstrated if the upper 90% CI of the change from baseline in QTcF following supratherapeutic tafenoquine 1200 mg versus placebo (ΔΔQTcF) was <10 milliseconds for all pre‐defined time points. The maximum ΔΔQTcF with tafenoquine 1200 mg (n = 50) was 6.39 milliseconds (90% CI 2.85, 9.94) at 72 hours post‐final dose; that is, lack of effect for prolongation of cardiac depolarization was demonstrated. Tafenoquine 300 mg (n = 48) or 600 mg (n = 52) had no effect on ΔΔQTcF. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of the tafenoquine–QTcF concentration–effect relationship demonstrated a shallow slope (0.5 ms/μg mL–1) over a wide concentration range. For moxifloxacin (n = 51), maximum ΔΔQTcF was 8.52 milliseconds (90% CI 5.00, 12.04), demonstrating assay sensitivity. In this thorough QT/QTc study, tafenoquine did not have a clinically meaningful effect on cardiac repolarization.
Intertechnique agreement and interstudy reproducibility of strain and diastolic strain rate at 1.5 and 3 tesla: A comparison of feature‐tracking and tagging in patients with aortic stenosis
Authors: Singh Anvesha , Steadman Christopher D. , Khan Jamal N. , Horsfield Mark A. , Bekele Soliana , Nazir Sheraz A. , Kanagala Prathap , Masca Nicholas G.D. , Clarysse Patrick , McCann Gerry P. 
Published: April 2014

PurposeTo determine the interstudy reproducibility of myocardial strain and peak early‐diastolic strain rate (PEDSR) measurement on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessed with feature tracking (FT) and tagging, in patients with aortic stenosis (AS).Materials and MethodsCardiac MRI was performed twice (1–14 days apart) in 18 patients (8 at 1.5 Tesla [T], 10 at 3T) with moderate–severe AS. Circumferential peak systolic strain (PSS) and PEDSR were measured in all patients. Longitudinal PSS and PEDSR were assessed using FT in all patients, and tagging in the 3T sub‐group.ResultsPSS was higher with FT than tagging (21.0 ± 1.9% versus 17.0 ± 3.4% at 1.5T, 21.4 ± 4.0% versus 17.7 ± 3.0% at 3T, P < 0.05), as was PEDSR (1.3 ± 0.3 s−1 versus 1.0 ± 0.3 s−1, P = 0.10 at 1.5T and 1.3 ± 0.4 s−1 versus 0.8 ± 0.3 s−1, P < 0.05 at 3T). The reproducibility of PSS was excellent with FT (coefficient of variation [CoV] 9–10%) and good with tagging at 1.5T (13–19%). Reproducibility of circumferential PEDSR was best at 1.5T when only basal/mid slices were included (CoV 12%), but moderate to poor at 3T (29–35%). Reproducibility of longitudinal strain was good with FT (10–16%) but moderate for PEDSR (∼30%).ConclusionIn patients with AS, FT consistently produces higher values compared with tagging. The interstudy reproducibility of PSS is excellent with FT and good with tagging. The reproducibility of circumferential PEDSR at 1.5T is good when only basal and mid slices are used. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:1129–1137. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Implant wear induced inflammation is mitigated in CX3CR1−/− mice
Authors: Ren Weiping , Jackson Nancy , Song Wei , Shi Tong , Flynn Jeffrey C. , Markel David C. 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTWear debris‐induced monocyte recruitment plays a key role in the formation of chronic periprosthetic tissue inflammation associated with aseptic loosening. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role(s) of chemokine receptor CX3CR1 in ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particle‐induced tissue inflammation using a murine air pouch model developed in CX3CR1 knockout (CX3CR1−/−) mice. UHMWPE debris or saline were introduced into established air pouches on CX3CR1−/− and CX3CR1+/+ mice. Pouch tissues were collected 7 days after UHMWPE inoculation. Results showed that UHMWPE stimulation induced strong pouch tissue inflammation in CX3CR1+/+ mice, as manifested by inflammatory cellular infiltration (mainly macrophages), pouch tissue proliferation, and increased gene expression of IL‐1ß and TNFα. UHMWPE‐induced inflammation was significantly mitigated in CX3CR1−/− mice, as manifested by reduction of tissue inflammation (pouch thickness and cell density), inflammatory cytokine production (IL‐1ß and TNFα) and macrophage accumulation. The observations support the hypothesis that the activation of the CX3CR1 chemokine pathway contributes to the severity of UHMWPE particle‐induced tissue inflammation, and suggests that CX3CR1 signaling is involved in the recruitment of monocytes to the wear debris‐containing inflammatory tissues. Blocking of CX3CR1 pathway may represent a viable therapeutic approach to the prevention and treatment of patients with aseptic loosening. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:1037–1043, 2014.
Characterization of protein, lipid and mineral contents in common Norwegian seaweeds and evaluation of their potential as food and feed
Authors: Mæhre Hanne K , Malde Marian K , Eilertsen Karl‐Erik , Elvevoll Edel O 
Published: April 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objectives of this study were to examine protein and amino acid composition, lipid and fatty acid composition, along with a range of essential minerals in common Norwegian seaweed species representing the red (Palmaria palmata and Vertebrata lanosa), green (Cladophora rupestris, Enteromorpha intestinalis and Ulva lactuca) and brown (Alaria esculenta, Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea, Fucus vesiculosus and Pelvetia canaliculata) classes and assess their potential as alternatives to cereals in food and feed. As macroalgae accumulate heavy metals, arsenic, cadmium and mercury were also analyzed.RESULTSProteins ranged from 34 to 123 g kg−1 dry weight (DW) and the essential amino acid levels may cover both human and salmonid requirements. Lipids were low (6–58 g kg−1 DW), but the red algae had high relative content of long‐chained omega‐3 fatty acids (32–34 % of the fatty acids). Iodine contents were particularly high in the Laminaria species. Of the heavy metals only arsenic levels may be of concern.CONCLUSIONIn total, the red alga P. palmata was regarded as the best alternative to cereals in food and feed. For several of the other species, single‐component extraction for the ingredients market may be better than using the whole product. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Two Non‐covalent Methods to Decorate Nanoparticles with Block Copolymers
Authors: Schatz Christophe 
Published: April 2014

The physical adsorption of block copolymers is a simple and reliable approach to functionalize the surface of organic or inorganic nanoparticles. This article presents two novel methods of particle coating with block copolymers that may apply to various aqueous colloidal dispersions. The first method relies on the use of charged block copolymers having two adsorbing blocks, which can adopt a typical anchor‐buoy conformation at the particle surface when proper conditions are used. The second approach consists of self‐assembling a bilayer of amphiphilic block copolymers around charged nanoparticles. In both cases, a special emphasis is placed on the process used to control and orient the molecular interactions between the copolymer and the particles.
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Thermoresponsive dendronized polymeric sensors
Authors: Liu Lianxiao , Li Wen , Yan Jiatao , Zhang Afang 
Published: April 2014

ABSTRACTThe first (G1) and second generation (G2) of dendronized copolymers carrying solvatochromic dyes were synthesized, and their thermoresponsive properties investigated. These copolymers were constituted with oligoethylene glycol (OEG)‐based dendrons to afford the thermoresponsiveness and disperse red 1 to act as the dye probe. The possible architecture and structure effects on sensoring were investigated by changing dendron generation from G1 to G2, and the interior structures of G2 polymers from hydrophilic OEG into hydrophobic alkyl chain. The sensoring ability of these copolymers to temperature and solution pH was examined with UV/Vis spectroscopy. Combined with the supports from fluorescence spectroscopy, remarkable thickness effects of dendronized polymers were discovered on the transitions of the dye moieties during the thermally‐induced aggregation process. This work enriches the field of thermoresponsive colorimetric polymeric sensors, and provides an in‐depth understanding of state changes of the dye probe during the thermally‐induced phase transitions within these bulky dendronized polymers. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014, 52, 1706–1713
Social support and health‐related quality of life in women with breast cancer: a longitudinal study
Authors: Leung Janni , Pachana Nancy A. , McLaughlin Deirdre 
Published: April 2014

AbstractObjectivesA breast cancer diagnosis is a distressing event that impacts on physical and psychological functioning. This study examined the longitudinal relationships among a diagnosis of breast cancer, social support, and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL).MethodsParticipants were 412 women from the 1946–1951 birth cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health who self‐reported a new diagnosis of breast cancer between 1998 and 2007. The three surveys of longitudinal data analyzed included data 3 years before diagnosis, at diagnosis (baseline), and 3 years after diagnosis (follow‐up). Social support was measured using the 19‐item Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey; HRQOL was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study 36‐item Short‐Form Health Survey.ResultsCompared with pre‐diagnosis HRQOL, women newly diagnosed with breast cancer reported significantly poorer HRQOL in subscales related to pain, physical functioning, and health and vitality. At 3‐year follow‐up, HRQOL had improved in most domains to levels consistent with pre‐diagnosis. Levels of social support remained stable across time. The structural equation model showed that social support was positively predictive of better physical and mental HRQOL at 3‐year follow‐up.ConclusionsLongitudinal analyses indicate that social support appears to be an important predictor of HRQOL in women diagnosed with breast cancer. In particular, positive emotional and informational support that may normally be provided by a partner is important in maintaining HRQOL. Identification of those lacking social support, especially patients without partners, will enable them to be guided to appropriate support networks and programs. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Role of International Migration Experience for Investment at Home: Direct, Indirect, and Equalising Effects in Senegal
Authors: Mezger Kveder Cora , Beauchemin Cris 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of international migration on investments of Senegalese in real estate and business assets in their home country, using longitudinal data from the ‘Migration between Africa and Europe’ survey. The objective is to examine the role of personal migration experience (direct role), access to migrant networks (indirect role), and migration as a compensation mechanism for disadvantaged groups (equalising role). The results suggest that personal migration experience stimulates investment in assets but that its role varies by the type of migration experience. Business owners are predominantly returnees who had migrated within Africa, while living or having lived in Europe increases the likelihood of investment in real estate. Moreover, migration helps overcome social disadvantages in access to asset ownership, at least for women and less educated individuals. In contrast, the investment behaviour of nonmigrants is not influenced by migration of family members or friends. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimation of controlled direct effects in time‐varying treatments using structural nested mean models: application to a primary prevention trial for coronary events with pravastatin
Authors: Shinozaki Tomohiro , Matsuyama Yutaka , Ohashi Yasuo 
Published: April 2014

AbstractFor the estimation of controlled direct effects (i.e., direct effects controlling intermediates that are set at a fixed level for all members of the population) without bias, two fundamental assumptions must hold: the absence of unmeasured confounding factors for treatment and outcome and for intermediate variables and outcome. Even if these assumptions hold, one would nonetheless fail to estimate direct effects using standard methods, for example, stratification or regression modeling, when the treatment influences confounding factors. For such situations, the sequential g‐estimation method for structural nested mean models has been developed for estimating controlled direct effects in point‐treatment situations. In this study, we demonstrate that this method can be applied to longitudinal data with time‐varying treatments and repeatedly measured intermediate variables. We sequentially estimate the parameters in two structural nested mean models: one for a repeatedly measured intermediate and the other one for direct effects of a time‐varying treatment. The method was applied to data from a large primary prevention trial for coronary events, in which pravastatin was used to lower the cholesterol levels in patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Test generation from recursive tile systems
Authors: Chédor Sébastien , Jéron Thierry , Morvan Christophe 
Published: April 2014

SUMMARYThis paper explores the generation of conformance test cases for recursive tile systems (RTSs) in the framework of the classical ioco testing theory. The RTS model allows the description of reactive systems with recursion and is very similar to other models like pushdown automata, hyperedge replacement grammars or recursive state machines. Test generation for this kind of infinite state labelled transition systems is seldom explored in the literature. The first part presents an off‐line test generation algorithm for weighted RTSs, a determinizable sub‐class of RTSs, and the second one an on‐line test generation algorithm for the full RTS model. Both algorithms use test purposes to guide test selection through targeted behaviours. Additionally, essential properties relating verdicts produced by generated test cases with both the soundness, with respect to the specification, and the precision, with respect to a test purpose, are proved. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Disrupting the methionine biosynthetic pathway in Candida guilliermondii: characterization of the MET2 gene as counter‐selectable marker
Authors: Obando Montoya Erika J. , Mélin Céline , Blanc Nathalie , Lanoue Arnaud , Foureau Emilien , Boudesocque Leslie , Prie Gildas , Simkin Andrew J. , Crèche Joël , Atehortùa Lucia , Giglioli‐Guivarc'h Nathalie , Clastre Marc , Courdavault Vincent , Papon Nicolas 
Published: April 2014

AbstractCandida guilliermondii (teleomorph Meyerozyma guilliermondii) is an ascomycetous species belonging to the fungal CTG clade. This yeast remains actively studied as a result of its moderate clinical importance and most of all for its potential uses in biotechnology. The aim of the present study was to establish a convenient transformation system for C. guilliermondii by developing both a methionine auxotroph recipient strain and a functional MET gene as selection marker. We first disrupted the MET2 and MET15 genes encoding homoserine‐O‐acetyltransferase and O‐acetylserine O‐acetylhomoserine sulphydrylase, respectively. The met2 mutant was shown to be a methionine auxotroph in contrast to met15 which was not. Interestingly, met2 and met15 mutants formed brown colonies when cultured on lead‐containing medium, contrary to the wild‐type strain, which develop as white colonies on this medium. The MET2 wild‐type allele was successfully used to transfer a yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) gene‐expressing vector into the met2 recipient strain. In addition, we showed that the loss of the MET2‐containing YFP‐expressing plasmid can be easily observed on lead‐containing medium. The MET2 wild‐type allele, flanked by two short repeated sequences, was then used to disrupt the LYS2 gene (encoding the α‐aminoadipate reductase) in the C. guilliermondii met2 recipient strain. The resulting lys2 mutants displayed, as expected, auxotrophy for lysine. Unfortunately, all our attempts to pop‐out the MET2 marker (following the recombination of the bordering repeat sequences) from a target lys2 locus were unsuccessful using white/brown colony colour screening. Nevertheless, this MET2 transformation/disruption system represents a new versatile genetic tool for C. guilliermondii. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crystalline Aminoorganosilanes – Syntheses, Structures, Spectroscopic Properties
Authors: Meinel Birgit , Günther Betty , Schwarzer Anke , Böhme Uwe 
Published: April 2014

AbstractA number of aminosilanes derived from N‐methylaniline and chloroorganylsilanes were prepared and characterized. X‐ray structure analysis was performed on the crystalline derivatives Ph(Cl)Si(NMePh)2 (4a), HSi(NMePh)3 (2b), MeSi(NMePh)3 (3b), and Ph2Si(NMePh)2 (6b). The compounds were comprehensively characterized by 1H, 13C, 29Si NMR, and IR spectroscopy. Volatile derivatives were further characterized by GC/MS. It was shown using quantum chemical methods that the planarization of the nitrogen atoms in the amino derivatives is caused by phenyl groups and silyl substituents.
Impact of Conventional and Microwave Heating on SAPO‐5 Formation and Brønsted Acidic Properties
Authors: Dang Thi Thuy Hanh , Hoang Dang‐Lanh , Schneider Matthias , Hunger Michael , Martin Andreas 
Published: April 2014

AbstractThe hydrothermal crystallization of SAPO‐5 molecular sieves with Si mole ratios in the range of 0.05 to 0.13 was performed by either conventional or microwave heating to compare the influence of these two techniques on the isomorphous substitution of phosphorus by silicon atoms in the aluminophosphate framework. An extensive characterization of the obtained silicoaluminophosphates by ICP‐OES, SEM, XRD, TPDA, and MAS NMR spectroscopy indicated that conventional heating (drying oven) led to a better crystallinity and a higher content of isolated framework silicon atoms than microwave heating. While microwave heating has the advantage of reducing the crystallization time and conventionally prepared SAPO‐5 materials show better incorporation of isolated silicon atoms into the AFI framework according to the substitution mechanism SM IIa. This lower SM IIa substitution of tetrahedral framework sites by isolated silicon atoms in microwave‐prepared SAPO‐5 materials is the reason for their lower density of Brønsted acidic bridging OH groups [Si(OH)Al]. In contrast, the density of defect OH groups, such as weakly acidic SiOH groups, is higher than for conventionally prepared samples.
Polymorphism of H2SeO3, NaHSeO4 and Na5H3(SeO4)4(H2O)2, and Re‐refinement of the Crystal Structure of Te2O4(OH)2
Authors: Pollitt Stephan , Weil Matthias 
Published: April 2014

AbstractNew modifications (denoted as β‐) of the compounds H2SeO3, NaHSeO4, and Na5H3(SeO4)4(H2O)2 were isolated from aqueous solutions and their crystal structures determined from single crystal data. β‐H2SeO3 crystallizes in the space group P1 with lattice parameters of a = 4.6794(4) Å, b = 5.0988(4) Å, c = 5.7743(5) Å, α = 102.252(6)°, β = 91.594(6)°, γ = 98.054(6)°, and consists of two unique trigonal‐pyramidal SeO(OH)2 units that are held together by O–H···O hydrogen bonds. β‐NaHSeO4 crystallizes in the space group P$\bar{1}$ with lattice parameters of a = 5.0814(2) Å, b = 5.6345(3) Å, c = 6.5125(3) Å, α = 88.352(3)°, β = 73.163(3)°, γ = 82.027(3)°, and is made up of distorted NaO6 octahedra and tetrahedral SeO3(OH)– anions, with the hydrogen atom statistically disordered between two positions. β‐Na5H3(SeO4)4(H2O)2 crystallizes in the space group I2/c with lattice parameters of a = 7.0472(15) Å, b = 13.194(3) Å, c = 17.845(4) Å, β = 101.345(9)°. The asymmetric unit contains three Na+ sites (one situated on a twofold rotation axis and each with a distorted octahedral coordination by oxygen atoms), one water molecule, one SeO3(OH)– anion, and half of an [SeO4···H···O4Se] unit with a very short interpolyhedral O···O distance of 2.447 (4) Å. The crystal structures of the β‐modifications are comparatively discussed with those of the corresponding known α‐modifications. Moreover, the crystal structure of Te2O4(OH)2 was reinvestigated [Pna21, a = 12.0512(8) Å, b = 8.0267(5) Å, c = 4.7268(3) Å], allowing the localization of the hydrogen atoms and hence a more detailed view of the hydrogen bonding system.
Interaction of an α‐Particle with TATB
Authors: Türker Lemi , Varış Serhat 
Published: April 2014

AbstractInteraction of an alpha particle with triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) which is an insensitive explosive has been investigated by density functional calculations. It has been found that α‐particles interact with TATB disturbing its planar geometry. As a result, the C–NO2 bond dissociation energies are substantially decreased, whereas detonation velocity and pressure values increased as compared to TATB. The quantum chemical properties of the structures are presented.