bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive outcomes of implementing applied theatrical improvisation in communication trainings/ workshops for healthcare students in two European countries: a comparative study
Authors: Fekete J. D. , Jouin M. , Eklicsné Lepenye K. , Pótó Z. , Hainselin M. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEffective communication has been shown to improve patients’ health outcomes. This study utilizes medical improvisation techniques to teach communication skills to different groups of health students (nurses, midwives, medical doctors, speech therapists).ObjectivesOur objective was to design and compare an interprofessional workshop that incorporates applied improvisation to train different groups of healthcare students in communication skills, resilience, dealing with failure and empathy. Medical improvisation is an innovative concept to prepare healthcare students to be more effective communicators.MethodsRequired medical improv workshops (using applied improvisational theater techniques) were held for first to third-year students in France and in Hungary. Workshop evaluations were obtained before and following the last session and at 3 months post-workshop for one cohort. The courses incorporated role plays, listening, storytelling and verbal/ nonverbal exercises to help students communicate with empathy and clarity. The two countries used the same questionnaires for assessment (Interpersonal Communication Questionnaire and Intolerance Uncertainty Scale)Results24 medical students participated in the Hungarian improvisation workshops, and 26 speech therapists students in the French improvisation workshops. In the finished Hungarian research over 90% of students rated the workshops as above average or excellent. Students reported a gain in insights regarding their role as a clinician (≥ 90%), an improvement in their ability to demonstrate effective communication (80–87%), and a positive impact on teamwork (91–93%). At 3 months post-workshop, students reported they had used at least 1 improvisation skill on their clinical wards. Both countries can claim promising results so far in their separate studies, our results comparing the French and Hungarian data using synchronized scales and questionnaires is currently in progress, and will be processed by the end of this year.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that medical improvisation exercises can be scaled to different fields of healthcare students in various years of their studies and that using improv in healthcare education is universal in its short and long-term effects. Further, we found that students felt that it improved their communication. This study also provides new insights regarding specific improvisation exercises that are most useful for the clinical environment.Keywords: Improvisation. Medical improvisation. Applied Improvisation. Medical education. Communication. Uncertainty tolerance. Soft skills trainingDisclosure of InterestNone Declared
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and its Efficacy in Alleviating Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Moleon A. , Martín-Bejarano M. , Alvarez de Toledo P. , Perez I. , Narbona J. , García-Ferriol M. , Perea R. , Oropesa J. M. , Torres J. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSuicide is a global public health issue. According to the latest available data from the National Institute of Statistics, 4,003 people died by suicide in 2021, reaching a new historical high. Approximately 90% of suicide victims suffer from one or more severe psychiatric disorders, and there is a documented 20-fold higher risk of suicide in individuals with affective disorders compared to healthy subjects (Abdelnaim et al., 2020). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been established as an effective alternative or complementary treatment option for patients with depressive disorders, but little is known about its effects on suicide risk.ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy of rTMS in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with suicidal ideation and behaviors.MethodsPopulation and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a sample of 28 psychiatric patients (23 females; mean age 49.36 ± 16.23) with suicidal ideation identified by item 3 (suicidality) of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), who were treated with rTMS. All patients received a minimum of 30 sessions, consisting of the application of a high-frequency (>10Hz) or intermittent theta burst stimulation (TBS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at an intensity of 120% of the resting motor threshold (RMT), and repeated low-frequency pulses (1Hz) or continuous TBS over the right DLPFC with an intensity of 110% of the RMT.ResultsResults: The results show a statistically significant improvement in depressive symptoms following rTMS intervention (p < 0.001). Furthermore, remission was observed in 46% of the sample (HDRS < 8).ConclusionsDiscussion: In line with recent studies (Abdelnaim et al., 2020; Hines et al., 2022) and systematic reviews (Cui et al., 2022; Bozzay et al., 2020) on suicidal ideation in the context of psychiatric disorders, the findings of this study demonstrated that rTMS achieved satisfactory results in reducing depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.Conclusions: This clinical study indicates preliminary promise for the prevention of suicidal acts and underscores the need for more detailed and specific research on rTMS in the field of suicide.Keywords: rTMS, neuromodulation, depression, suicide.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Frequency of early childhood trauma in psychiatric patients: an investigation with the Early Trauma Inventory–Self Report
Authors: Szeifert N. M. , Sebők B. , Szabó B. , Miklósi M. , Schmelowszky Á. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionChildhood trauma is an important public health problem but there are limitations in our ability to measure childhood trauma. Early Trauma Inventory is a self-report instrument for the assessment of childhood trauma that is valid but simple to administer.ObjectivesWe aimed to assess the frequency of childhood trauma in patients of a large sample of the Crisis Intervention and Psychiatric Ward in Budapest, Hungary.MethodsData from 279 patients referred to Péterfy Alexander Hospital, Crisis Intervention and Psychiatric Ward, Budapest, Hungary, were analyzed. Most participants were female (n = 202, 72.4%) between the ages of 17 and 86 (M = 38.37 yrs). Half of the participants were diagnosed with major depressive disorder (n = 138, 49.5%) or anxiety disorder (n = 149, 53.4%), while 47 of the participants suffered from bipolar disorder (16.8%). One hundred thirty-eight participants had at least one suicide attempt in their life (49.5%). Childhood traumas were assessed by the Early Trauma Inventory– Self Report (ETI-SR), an instrument for the assessment of physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, as well as general traumas, which measures frequency, onset, emotional impact, and other variables. We assessed the most frequent traumas in the physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, as well as general trauma domains.ResultsFamily mental illness (n = 136, 58.1%), witnessing violence (n = 129, 54.7%), divorce/separation of parents (n = 114, 48.3%), and observing death/serious injury of others (n = 112, 47.5%), were the most frequently experienced general traumas. Out of physical traumas, most of the participants experienced being slapped in the face (n = 169, 73.2%), being spanked with a hand (n = 152, 65.5%), being hit or spanked with an object (n = 93, 40.3%), and being pushed or shoved (n = 81, 33.4%). Among emotional traumas, being often put down or ridiculed (n = 170, 74.2%), the needs being failed to be understood by parents (n = 164, 72.7%), often shouted at or yelled at (n = 154, 67.5%), and being often ignored or made feel like they do not count (n = 109, 46.2%) were the most frequent. From the sexual abuse domain, being exposed to flashing (n = 72, 32.9%), being touched in intimate parts in an uncomfortable way (n = 63, 29.2%), being exposed to inappropriate comments about sex (n = 61, 28.5%), and being rubbed by someone’s genitals (n = 44, 20.3%) were the most common. Further results will be presented at the conference.ConclusionsIt is already recognized and our study also confirms that childhood maltreatment, especially sexual abuse can lead to suicidal behaviour. The precise role of particular types of childhood maltreatment and the mediators of the relationship between childhood maltreatment and suicide is yet to be investigated in more details.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Adaptation of the brief psychoeducational intervention programme (BREF) for carers of patients with eating disorders
Authors: Scanferla E. , de Salle J. , Gorwood P. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionEven though international guidelines suggest that psychoeducation for carers should be provided systematically, it remains insufficiently available in psychiatry (1), including for eating disorders (EDs). The complicated interplay of factors contributing to the maintenance of EDs, including family/carer influences, highlights the importance of carer interventions within ED treatment (2). Carer interventions demonstrate positive outcomes for carers themselves, though are also hypothesised to benefit the patient indirectly. The BREF programme is a short, early and systematic single-family psycho-educational programme. The BREF programme is already proven to be effective for other mental disorders (3)ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to adapt the BREF programme to the specific needs of carers of patients eating disorders (ED).The main objective was to identify the issues in the experience of the disorder that are most important to carers and which should be the focus of the BREF programme for cares of patients with eating disorders.MethodsTwenty-eight topics relating to difficulties commonly encountered by carers of patients with eating disorders were identified by a group including mental health professionals with expertise in these disorders, patients and their relatives. The topics tested are illustrated by 2 decks of cards presented to the participants; the first concerns the problems frequently encountered by users living with ED and the other the problems frequently encountered by their carers. The 2 decks were tested by the participants to the first 15 sessions of the BREF ED programme run from January to July 2023 as part of the pilot conducted in a university-hospital department specialised in eating disorders.Results30 participants participanted in the study.The 10 most frequently selected topics relating to patient problems were, in descending order: relative’s fear and anxiety; relative’s false-self functioning; ambivalence towards care; dysmorphophobia; food restrictions; relative’s hyperactivity; eating disorders; denial of symptoms; perfectionism; malnutrition. The 10 most frequently selected topics concerning the issues of carers were: social withdrawal; difficulty navigating care; fatigue/helplessness; disruption to family life as a result of the illness; guilt; right attitude to have with the ill relative; fear for your loved one’s future; fragility of the relative; not knowing/understanding the care their relative is receiving; cost of care and food expenses.ConclusionsThe priority topics highlighted in this study helped to identify relevant content for the BREF programme adapted to the context of eating disorders. This programme appears to be a promising way of responding to the concerns and information needs of carers of patients with ED. In this regard, it addresses a major shortcoming in the organisation of mental health services.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Volition and Perception: Why patients choose to continue or discontinue ADHD medication
Authors: Johannessen K. B. , Ishøy P. , Houmann T. , Levin E. , Thomsen P. H. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe present study examines self-reported factors related to discontinuation of ADHD medication in Danish adults. Based on insights from six patient interviews, a questionnaire was developed with themes such as perception of ADHD, perceived beneficial- and adverse effects of the medication, to examine patients’ reasons for continuation or discontinuation of the prescribed medication.ObjectivesADHD medication has proven effective for treating ADHD in adults. Large registry-based studies have generally shown high discontinuation rates over time and focused on different risk factors, such as comorbidity, gender and socioeconomic status. However, in the present study we explore patient reported reasons for continuation or discontinuation of ADHD medication as well as what drives their choice of living with or without medication despite ADHD.MethodsThe present research is a questionnaire study consisting of 1,050 Danish adults who redeemed a prescription of ADHD medication for the first time between 2017-2019. Questionnaires were sent out by Statistics Denmark to 4.748 adults, a representative sample from the 17.334 Danish adults who redeemed a prescription within that period. A gap of 12 months between redemptions was defined as discontinuation and questionnaires were sent out to an equal number of patients who continued or discontinued the ADHD-medication. Chi2-tests were performed to examine the differences between adults who continued vs. discontinued ADHD-medication in relation to different main themes.ResultsThe patients who continued medical treatment more strongly perceived ADHD as a biological illness whereas patients who discontinued, more strongly perceived ADHD as an illness constructed by society. Furthermore, patients who continued medical treatment reported that the medication has a more positive influence on their lives whereas patients who discontinued the medication reported that the treatment involved more negative feelings and decreased the positive sides of themselves. Finally, patients who continued the prescribed ADHD-drugs reported more strongly that they continued the treatment for themselves, to be able to work and be social than the patients who discontinued the medical treatment.Conclusions
The present findings suggest that the perception of ADHD as being either a biological or social construct is central to why patients choose to continue or discontinue ADHD-medication. Moreover, patients who continued the medical treatment generally reported more positive effects of the ADHD-drugs whereas patients who discontinued the medical treatment reported different negative effects of the medication. From a clinical perspective, these findings show the importance of understanding the individual patient’s perception of ADHD. These perspectives should be addressed in the clinic alongside with awareness of how ADHD-drugs may have a positive and negative effect on the individual patient.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Role of Different Forms and Intensities of Physical Activity in Prevention of Dementia
Authors: Singh I. , Chandra R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionDementia is one of the greatest health challenges worldwide. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) factsheet, currently more than 55 million people worldwide have dementia, with over 60% living in low- and middle-income countries. Every year, there are nearly 10 million new cases of dementia. WHO Global Status Report 2021 estimated growth of 139 million people with dementia by 2050. The estimated total global cost of dementia is likely to surpass US$ 2.8 trillion by 2030. As one grows older, the risk of developing dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s Disease, progressively increases. The Lancet Commission Reports 2017 and 2020 on dementia prevention, intervention, and care identified 12 modifiable risk factors, including physical inactivity, obesity, midlife hypertension, and diabetes. Addressing these lifestyle factors may significantly reduce the risk of dementia and its progression. While no curative or disease-modifying treatment is available for dementia at his stage, addressing modifiable risk factors may have a preventive role in reducing the risk of dementia.ObjectivesThe objective of the literature review is to explore current evidence on Physical Activity (PA) in reducing the risk of developing dementia and its progression. The focus is also to see the association of different forms and intensities of PA and their intensities, including aerobic, strength-based, and leisure, with the risk and progression of dementia.MethodsNarrative reviewResultsResults from the reviewed studies showed that PA was found to be associated with a reduced risk of dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s Disease. Studies comparing different intensities of PA indicate though all levels of PA decrease the risk of dementia, there is a linear relationship between the higher intensity PA and the increased beneficial effect in terms of reduced risk of dementia. Leisure-time PA also has a protective role against dementia in longitudinal studies. There is more consistent evidence in favour of aerobic PA; however, it has a ceiling effect. The combination of aerobic and strength-based experience provides optimum beneficial effects. The elderly population who started physical activity in their 80s experienced the beneficial effects of PA in reducing the risk of dementia. There is mixed evidence of the protective effect of PA on the population who have already developed cognitive impairment or have genetic vulnerabilities. The author will also include the results of any relevant study published by 31 March 2024.ConclusionsThe details of the literature results and conclusions will be discussed at the conference.Disclosure of InterestI. Singh Consultant of: The author declare that the review was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., R. Chandra: None Declared
A body beaten again: a narrative analysis of a series of cases of breast cancer survivors punctuated by violence
Authors: Melo V. S. D. , Soares C. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionVarious mechanisms have been identified to explain the relationship between gender-based violence, screening, and cancer. Biological mechanisms, primarily related to chronic stress and allostatic load, have been associated with high rates of chronic diseases among victims of violence, impairing the functioning of the immune and endocrine systems. Victims of abuse simultaneously show less initiative for screening exams, such as mammograms, as they perceive them as invasive and retraumatizing. They also demonstrate a greater tendency toward maladaptive coping behaviors and unhealthy lifestyles, such as abusive substance use. A significant number of these patients develop psychosocial dysfunction and body image disturbance during breast cancer treatments.ObjectivesThis work aims to provide a descriptive and narrative analysis of body image and psychosocial changes in women breast cancer survivors with prolonged experiences of violence, supported by a non-systematic literature review on the central aspects under study.MethodsFor the introductory literature review, a search was conducted on search engines such as Google Scholar and PubMed, with no date limitations, using the following terms (or combinations): “intimate partner violence,” “violence AND cancer,” “body image AND psychossexual adjustment AND breast cancer.” Additionally, a narrative analysis of body image and psychosocial changes in women breast cancer survivors with prolonged experiences of violence was conducted. For this purpose, participants were asked to complete two validated scales in the Portuguese language, and first-person testimonials were collected.ResultsThe analysis of scale results and participant testimonials highlights a consensus on the significant impairment of psychosocial functioning and the experience of sexuality. There is evidence of avoidance behaviors in terms of affectionate and sexual contact due to feelings of fear, shame, and discomfort. The breast is valued as a sensual, erotic, and essential sexual element, and impactful changes in body image persist. However, in some cases, these changes are experienced as transformative and liberating, fostering a more generous view of the body, identity, and femininity.ConclusionsWomen with breast cancer should be screened for the possibility of being victims of violence, as this context predicts a higher likelihood of emotional difficulties during surgical treatments, including psychological distress, post-traumatic stress, body shame, and self-blame. A significant number of women, including those in this study, consider the approach to self-image and sexuality in oncology consultations deficient. Psychological programs and interventions should be developed to empower patients to adjust to the sexual changes arising from treatments and disease progression and to promote positive intimate relationships and effective communication.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Factors Influencing the Mental Health of Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Alhumaidah R. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionCerebral palsy refers to a heterogeneous group of non-progressive neurodevelopmental disorders manifesting in infancy or childhood and varying in severity. It characterized by impaired motor function, sensation, and depressed intellectual abilities. Functional limitations in patients with cerebral palsy may result in chronic dependency, thereby compromising caregivers’ mental health and interfering with the integrity of the family structure.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the different factors affecting the mental health of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy and to raise awareness among healthcare providers.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among caregivers of children with cerebral palsy in National Guard Health Affairs-Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, a validated questionnaire assessing: depression, anxiety, and stress. This questionnaire was used to assess the mental health of the caregivers. In addition, factors reflecting child’s health condition, such as visual impairment, number of emergency department visits, and number of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit admissions were reported to investigate the impact on the caregiver’s mental health.ResultsThe sample included 40 caregivers, of which 72.5% were mothers. According to the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 score, 12.5% (n = 5) of the caregivers had moderate depression scores, 10% (n = 4) revealed extremely severe depression, and 10% (n = 4) showed moderate anxiety. Furthermore, 12.5% (n = 5), 15% (n = 6), and 7.5% (n = 3) of the caregivers have scored as moderate, severe, and extremely severe stress levels, respectively. Caregivers’ depression, anxiety, and stress scores were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with the impact of vision of their dependent children, frequent hospital admissions, and frequent emergency department visits. Increased Pediatric Intensive Care Unit admissions in the past year were also significantly associated with higher caregiver anxiety scores.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, the dimension of caregivers’ stress and anxiety and their association with the children’s dependency level is not well documented in our region. Caregivers of children with cerebral palsy reported having mental health challenges associated with the children’s vision, frequent need for acute medical care, and hospital admissions.Healthcare workers should provide early and proactive planning of medical and social support for children and their families using a family-centered approach.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared