bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The european registry for patients with mechanical circulatory support (EUROMACS): fourth paediatric EUROMACS (Paedi-EUROMACS) report
Authors: Rohde Sofie , van Puyvelde Joeri , Veen Kevin M , Schweiger Martin , Biermann Daniel , Amodeo Antonio , Martens Thomas , Damman Kevin , Gollmann-Tepeköylü Can , Hulman Michael , Iacovoni Attilio , Krämer Ulrike S , Loforte Antonio , Napoleone Carlo Pace , Nemec Petr , Netuka Ivan , Özbaran Mustafa , Polo Luz , Pya Yuri , Ramjankhan Faiz , Sandica Eugen , Sliwka Joanna , Stiller Brigitte , Kadner Alexander , Franceschini Alessio , Thiruchelvam Timothy , Zimpfer Daniel , Berger Felix , Davies Ben , Dashkevich Alexey , Stark Christoffer , Meyns Bart , de By Theo M M H , Miera Olivier 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The use of ventricular assist devices in children is increasing. However, absolute numbers in individual centers and countries remain small. Collaborative efforts such as the Paedi-EUROMACS are therefore essential in order to combine international experience with paediatric ventricular assist devices. In this paper, the results from the fourth Paedi-EUROMACS report are presented.

METHODS
All paediatric (&lt;19 years) patients supported by a ventricular assist device from the EUROMACS database were included. Patients are stratified into a congenital heart disease group and a group with a non-congenital aetiology. Endpoints included mortality, transplantation and recovery. Cox proportional hazard models were used to explore associated factors for mortality, cerebrovascular accident, and pump thrombosis.

RESULTS
590 primary implantations were included. The congenital group was significantly younger (2.5 versus 8.0 years respectively, p &lt; 0.001) and were more commonly supported by a pulsatile flow device (73.5% vs 59.9%, p &lt; 0.001). Mortality was significantly higher in the congenital group (30.8 vs 20.4%; p = 0.009) than in the non-congenital group. However, in multivariable analyses, congenital heart disease was not significantly associated with mortality (HR 1.285, CI 0.8111–2.036, p = 0.740). Pump thrombosis was the most frequently reported adverse event (377 events in 132 patients; 0.925 events per patient-year) and was significantly associated with BSA (HR 0.524 CI 0.333–0.823, p = 0.005), congenital heart disease (HR 1.641 CI 1.054–2.555, p = 0.028) and pulsatile flow support (HR 2.345 CI 1.406–3.910, p = 0.001) in multivariable analyses.

CONCLUSIONS
This fourth Paedi-EUROMACS report highlights the increasing use of paediatric ventricular assist devices. The patient populations with congenital and non-congenital aetiology exhibit distinct characteristics and clinical outcomes.
Enzymatic characterization of five thioredoxins and a thioredoxin reductase from Myxococcus xanthus
Authors: Tanifuji Ryota , Kimura Yoshio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Thioredoxin (Trx) is a disulfide-containing redox protein that functions as a disulfide oxidoreductase. Myxococcus xanthus contains five Trxs (Trx1–Trx5) and one Trx reductase (TrxR). Trxs typically have a CGPC active-site motif; however, M. xanthus Trxs have slightly different active-site sequences, with the exception of Trx4. The five Trxs of M. xanthus exhibited reduced activities against insulin, 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), cystine, glutathione disulfide (GSSG), S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), and H2O2 in the presence of TrxR. Myxococcus xanthus adenylate kinase and serine/threonine phosphatase activities, which were increased by the addition of dithiothreitol, were activated by the addition of Trxs and TrxR. Among these, Trx1, which has a CAPC sequence in its active site, exhibited the highest reducing activity with the exception of GSNO. Myxococcus xanthus TrxR showed weak reducing activity towards DTNB, GSSG, GSNO, and H2O2, suggesting that it has broad substrate specificity, unlike previously reported low-molecular-weight TrxRs. TrxR reduced oxidized Trx1 as the best substrate, with a kcat/Km value of 0.253 min−1 µM−1, which was 10–28-fold higher than that of the other Trxs. These results suggest that all Trxs possess reducing activity and that Trx1 may be the most functional in M. xanthus because TrxR most efficiently reduces oxidized Trx1.
PACS-1 variant protein is aberrantly localized in Caenorhabditis elegans model of PACS1/PACS2 syndromes
Authors: Byrd Dana T , Han Ziyuan Christina , Piggott Christopher A , Jin Yishi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
PACS (phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting) proteins are known for their roles in sorting cargo proteins to organelles and can physically interact with WD40 repeat-containing protein WDR37. PACS1, PACS2, and WDR37 variants are associated with multisystemic syndromes and neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by intellectual disability, seizures, developmental delays, craniofacial abnormalities, and autism spectrum disorder. However, the functional effects of syndromic variants at the cellular level remain unknown. Here, we report the expression pattern of Caenorhabditis elegans orthologs of PACS and WDR37 and their interaction. We show that cePACS-1 and ceWDR-37 colocalize to somatic cytoplasm of many types of cells and are mutually required for expression, supporting a conclusion that the intermolecular dependence of PACS1/PACS2/PACS-1 and WDR37/WDR-37 is evolutionarily conserved. We further show that editing in PACS1 and PACS2 variants in cePACS-1 changes protein localization in multiple cell types, including neurons. Moreover, expression of human PACS1 can functionally complement C. elegans PACS-1 in neurons, demonstrating conserved functions of the PACS–WDR37 axis in an invertebrate model system. Our findings reveal effects of human variants and suggest potential strategies to identify regulatory network components that may contribute to understanding molecular underpinnings of PACS/WDR37 syndromes.
How structural racism, neighborhood deprivation, and maternal characteristics contribute to inequities in birth outcomes
Authors: Gangopadhyaya Anuj , Dubay Lisa , Johnston Emily , Pancini Vincent 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Decades of disparities in health between infants born to Black and White mothers have persisted in recent years, despite policy initiatives to improve maternal and reproductive health for Black mothers. Although scholars have increasingly recognized the critical role that structural racism plays in driving health outcomes for Black people, measurement of this relationship remains challenging. This study examines trends in preterm birth and low birth weight between 2007 and 2018 separately for births to Black and White mothers. Using a multivariate regression model, we evaluated potential factors, including an index of racialized disadvantage as well as community- and individual-level factors that serve as proxy measures for structural racism, that may contribute to White–Black differences in infant health. Finally, we assessed whether unequal effects of these factors may explain differences in birth outcomes. We found that differences in the effects of these factors appear to explain about half of the underlying disparity in infant health.
A genome assembly of decaploid Houttuynia cordata provides insights into the evolution of Houttuynia and the biosynthesis of alkaloids
Authors: Huang Peng , Li Zhu , Wang Huan , Huang Jinqiang , Tan Guifeng , Fu Yue , Liu Xiubin , Zheng Shang , Xu Peng , Sun Mengshan , Zeng Jianguo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Houttuynia cordata Thunb., commonly known as yuxingcao in China, is known for its characteristic fishy smell and is widely recognized as an important herb and vegetable in many parts of Asia. However, the lack of genomic information on H. cordata limits the understanding of its population structure, genetic diversity, and biosynthesis of medicinal compounds. Here we used single-molecule sequencing, Illumina paired-end sequencing, and chromosome conformation capture technology to construct the first chromosome-scale decaploid H. cordata reference genome. The genome assembly was 2.63 Gb in size, with 1348 contigs and a contig N50 of 21.94 Mb further clustered and ordered into 88 pseudochromosomes based on Hi-C analysis. The results of genome evolution analysis showed that H. cordata underwent a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event ~17 million years ago, and an additional WGD event occurred 3.3 million years ago, which may be the main factor leading to the high abundance of multiple copies of orthologous genes. Here, transcriptome sequencing across five different tissues revealed significant expansion and distinct expression patterns of key gene families, such as l-amino acid/l-tryptophan decarboxylase and strictosidine synthase, which are essential for the biosynthesis of isoquinoline and indole alkaloids, along with the identification of genes such as TTM3, which is critical for root development. This study constructed the first decaploid medicinal plant genome and revealed the genome evolution and polyploidization events of H. cordata.
Inhibitory Immune Checkpoints Predict 7-Day, In-Hospital, and 1-Year Mortality of Internal Medicine Patients Admitted With Bacterial Sepsis
Authors: Mearelli Filippo , Nunnari Alessio , Rombini Annalisa , Chitti Federica , Spagnol Francesca , Casarsa Chiara , Bolzan Giulia , Martini Ilaria , Marinelli Anna , Rizzo Stefania , Teso Cristiana , Macor Alessandra , Fiotti Nicola , Barbati Giulia , Tascini Carlo , Costantino Venera , Di Bella Stefano , Di Girolamo Filippo Giorgio , Bove Tiziana , Orso Daniele , Berlot Giorgio , Klompas Michael , Biolo Gianni 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome with complex pathophysiology and great clinical heterogeneity, which complicates the delivery of personalized therapies. Our goal was to demonstrate that some biomarkers identified as regulatory immune checkpoints in preclinical studies could guide the stratification of patients with sepsis into subgroups with shared characteristics of immune response or survival outcomes.

Methods
We assayed the soluble counterparts of 12 biomarkers of immune response in 113 internal medicine patients with bacterial sepsis.

Results
IL-1 receptor-associated kinase M (IRAK-M) exhibited the highest hazard ratios (HRs) for increased 7-day (1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17–3.20) and 30-day mortality (1.61; 95% CI, 1.14–2.28). HRs of IRAK-M and galectin-1 for predicting 1-year mortality were 1.52 (95% CI, 1.20–1.92) and 1.64 (95% CI, 1.13–2.36), respectively. Patients with elevated serum levels of IRAK-M and galectin-1 had clinical traits of immune suppression and low survival rates.

Conclusions
Two inhibitory immune checkpoint biomarkers (IRAK-M and galectin-1) helped identify 3 distinct sepsis phenotypes with distinct prognoses. These biomarkers shed light on the interplay between immune dysfunction and prognosis in patients with bacterial sepsis and may prove to be useful prognostic markers, therapeutic targets, and biochemical markers for targeted enrollment in therapeutic trials.
Skimming the skaters: genome skimming improves phylogenetic resolution of Halobatinae (Hemiptera: Gerridae)
Authors: Chang Jia Jin Marc , Raupach Michael J , Cheng Lanna , Damgaard Jakob , Hongjamrassilp Watcharapong , Ip Yin Cheong Aden , Ng Matthew Hui-Chieh , Chan Wan Wen Rochelle , Kunning Ismael , Liang Bryna Jia Ying , Maggioni Davide , Mana Ralph R , Mishra Himanshu , Mowe Maxine A D , Wainwright Benjamin J , Whitney Jonathan L , Wolfe Kennedy , Yeo Darren C J , Huang Danwei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Gerromorpha Popov, 1971 is a fascinating and diverse insect lineage that evolved about 200 Mya to spend their entire life cycle on the air–water interface and have since colonized all types of aquatic habitats. The subfamily Halobatinae Bianchi, 1896 is particularly interesting because some species have adapted to life on the open ocean—a habitat where insects are very rarely found. Several attempts have been made to reconstruct the phylogenetic hypotheses of this subfamily, but the use of a few partial gene sequences recovered only a handful of well-supported relationships, thus limiting evolutionary inferences. Fortunately, the emergence of high-throughput sequencing technologies has enabled the recovery of more genetic markers for phylogenetic inference. We applied genome skimming to obtain mitochondrial and nuclear genes from low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of 85 specimens for reconstructing a well-supported phylogeny, with particular emphasis on Halobatinae. Our study confirmed that Metrocorini Matsuda, 1960, is paraphyletic, whereas Esakia Lundblad, 1933, and Ventidius Distant, 1910, are more closely related to Halobatini Bianchi, 1896, than Metrocoris Mayr, 1865, and Eurymetra Esaki, 1926. We also found that Ventidius is paraphyletic and in need of a taxonomic revision. Ancestral state reconstruction suggests that Halobatinae evolved progressively from limnic to coastal habitats, eventually attaining a marine lifestyle, especially in the genus Halobates Eschscholtz, 1822, where the oceanic lifestyle evolved thrice. Our results demonstrate that genome skimming is a powerful and straightforward approach to recover genetic loci for robust phylogenetic analysis in non-model insects.
The revised patient attitudes to deprescribing (rPATD) questionnaire: an investigation using a large anonymized database
Authors: Weiss Marjorie , Deslandes Rhian , Hughes Louise 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Stopping or “deprescribing” one or more of a patient’s medications is a growing focus for clinical practice and health service research. A deprescribing questionnaire survey, the revised Patient’s Attitudes Towards Deprescribing (rPATD), has been developed and validated in Australia. The aim of this study was to explore the use of the rPATD in a large Welsh population.

Methods
The rPATD was made available through HealthWise Wales, a platform that enables people in Wales to volunteer to participate in research. Questionnaire data were explored descriptively and using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the original four factors in the rPATD (Burden, Appropriateness, Concern, and Involvement).

Key findings
A total of 1759 patients completed questionnaires. The mean age was 58.6, each prescribed on average 3.69 medicines (range 1–34). In total 75.1% (1303/1735) agreed or strongly agreed that they would be willing to have a medicine deprescribed, if suggested by a doctor, and 19.0% (333/1749) would like to try stopping a medicine. A CFA was performed using maximum likelihood and showed a mediocre fit (RMSEA = 0.083). A Mann–Whitney U test revealed an association between feeling the burden of medicine taking or expressing a belief in the inappropriateness of their medication and a greater willingness to stop medicine if suggested by a doctor (BURDEN Z = −5.6, P≤.0001; appropriateness Z = −9.6, P≤.0001).

Conclusions
Willingness to have a medicine deprescribed was lower than in previous research, likely due to a range of reported factors. The potential value of rPATD has been demonstrated for future UK-wide applications.
Necrotic mega-stomach from superior mesenteric artery syndrome
Authors: Tse Andrew , Phan Natalie , Ayoubi Salah , Fenton-Lee Douglas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare cause of proximal bowel obstruction due to duodenal compression by the SMA. The morbidity and mortality associated with delayed diagnosis and its complications make it an important differential cause for bowel obstruction. We report a case of mega-stomach secondary to SMA syndrome requiring total gastrectomy. An 18-year-old male presented with vomiting, abdominal pain and shock after a buffet. Computed tomography (CT) imaging revealed a grossly distended stomach (113 × 187 × 350mm) and a transition point at the third part of the duodenum, along with pneumatosis and portal venous gas. Emergency gastroscopy showed blood and necrotic mucosa. Laparotomy confirmed full thickness necrosis and the patient underwent a total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction. Postoperatively, he had a brief intensive care stay and recovered without complications. This case underscores the importance of considering SMA syndrome during presentations of acute gastric dilatation.
Improving the Accuracy of Bulk Fitness Assays by Correcting Barcode Processing Biases
Authors: McGee Ryan Seamus , Kinsler Grant , Petrov Dmitri , Tikhonov Mikhail 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Measuring the fitnesses of genetic variants is a fundamental objective in evolutionary biology. A standard approach for measuring microbial fitnesses in bulk involves labeling a library of genetic variants with unique sequence barcodes, competing the labeled strains in batch culture, and using deep sequencing to track changes in the barcode abundances over time. However, idiosyncratic properties of barcodes can induce nonuniform amplification or uneven sequencing coverage that causes some barcodes to be over- or under-represented in samples. This systematic bias can result in erroneous read count trajectories and misestimates of fitness. Here, we develop a computational method, named REBAR (Removing the Effects of Bias through Analysis of Residuals), for inferring the effects of barcode processing bias by leveraging the structure of systematic deviations in the data. We illustrate this approach by applying it to two independent data sets, and demonstrate that this method estimates and corrects for bias more accurately than standard proxies, such as GC-based corrections. REBAR mitigates bias and improves fitness estimates in high-throughput assays without introducing additional complexity to the experimental protocols, with potential applications in a range of experimental evolution and mutation screening contexts.
Empowering Health and Identity: The Vital Role of Gender-affirming Care for Individuals With HIV
Authors: Touleyrou Lauren , Newman Gretchen , Heisler Shira , Chopra Teena 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Comprehensive healthcare for all includes gender-affirming hormone therapy for transgender and nonbinary individuals. It is the unique privilege of HIV providers, who take care of a disproportionate number of transgender people, to provide gender-affirming hormone therapy along with antiretroviral therapy. It could increase viral suppression rates, increase overall health outcomes, and decrease gender health disparities.
Explanation and Plenitude in Non-Well-Founded Set Theories
Authors: Cameron Ross P 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Non-well-founded set theories allow set-theoretic exotica that standard ZFC will not, such as a set that has itself as its sole member. We distinguish plenitudinous non-well-founded set theories, such as Boffa set theory, that allow infinitely many such sets, from restrictive theories, such as Finsler–Aczel or AFA, that allow exactly one. Plenitudinous non-well-founded set theories face a puzzle: nothing seems to explain the identity or distinctness of various of the sets they countenance. I aim to sharpen this puzzle, make clear who it does and does not apply to, and to argue in favor of a plenitudinous theory like Boffa.
How Integrating the 5 Pillars of Community Practice Can Transform Physical Therapist Education and Reduce Health Disparities
Authors: Varnado Kimberly , Richardson Shannon , Somyoo Nipaporn , Mejia-Downs Anne , Dial Monica 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Patient history assists clinicians in determining the most appropriate tests to identify the symptoms’ source and select appropriate interventions. Therefore, a subjective history is an essential component of patient management. When physical therapist practitioners transition into academia, they must understand how the history of the education system may affect learners. Health disparities are related to the lack of workforce diversity and skills in cultural responsiveness, and the education system is critical in addressing the impact of future providers on health disparities. Developing a doctor of physical therapy program to address health disparities requires an analysis of the historical context of the US educational and health care systems, along with traditional components of physical therapist education. This country’s education system was built upon a 2-tiered system, where minoritized individuals struggled to overcome barriers imposed by legislation and societal beliefs. Jim Crow laws continued this unequal access to education, and the recent Supreme Court ruling to deny race-based affirmative action continues these inequities. This historical context informed the construction of the College of Saint Mary Doctor of Physical Therapy Program. The program’s mission led to using less traditional educational approaches; thus, the pillars of practice took form. The 5 pillars evolved to include social determinants, inclusive faculty and student recruitment and retention practices, equitable grading, culturally responsive pedagogy, and community development. The purpose of this paper is to present a historical overview of the US education system and its influence on physical therapist education. Furthermore, it will illustrate how this historical context inspired the 5 Pillars of Community Practice from College of Saint Mary and discuss the challenges and interventions related to these pillars. There are tremendous disparities in educational outcomes and patient services in the United States. Disparities are most significant in those with historically marginalized identities. If those disparities are to improve, a change is required in the people providing care to patients. The best way to accomplish this is by transforming how future providers are educated.
Triple Correlation Sums of Coefficients of Maass Forms For SL4(ℤ)
Authors: Hou Fei , LÜ Guangshi 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
We investigate the triple correlation sums of coefficients of Maaß forms in the level aspect. More precisely, letting Π be a Maaß form for $SL_4({{\mathbb{Z}}})$ and f (resp. g) a holomorphic newform of prime level p (resp. trivial level), we show a strengthened upper bound for the sum $\sum_{m,n\ge 1} \lambda_{g}(n) \lambda_{\Pi}(m,1,1) \lambda_{f}(m+pn) \,U{\left({m}/{X}\right) }V{\left ({n}/{H}\right)} $. More generally, for any complex sequence $\lambda_\star (n)\in {{\mathbb{C}}}$, we further obtain a ready-to-use quantitative estimate for the triple correlation sum $\sum_{m,n\ge 1} \lambda_\star (n) \lambda_{\Pi}(m,1,1)\lambda_{f}(m+pn) \,U{\left({m}/{X}\right) }V{\left ({n}/{H}\right)} $. As a result, we present that this type of sum is non-trivial in the regime $p\le X^{1-\varepsilon}$ for any ɛ &gt; 0; notably, there exists a family of newforms such that the triple sum is non-trivial, as long as $H\ge X^{\varepsilon}$. In addition, we obtain an upper bound for the sum of the shape $\sum_{m,n\ge 1}a(m) b(n) \lambda_{f}(m+pn) \,U{\left({m}/{X}\right) }V{\left ({n}/{H}\right)}$ for any complex sequences $\mathbf{a}=\{a(m)\}$ and $\mathbf{b}=\{b(n)\}$. As an application, we consider certain triple correlation sums corresponding to the configuration $GL_M \times GL_N\times GL_2$, $M,N\ge3$ and attain the significant cancellations in these sums.
Technological Progress and Rent Seeking
Authors: Glode Vincent , Ordoñez Guillermo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We model firms’ allocation of resources across surplus-creating (ie, productive) and surplus-appropriating (ie, rent-seeking) activities. Our model predicts that industry-wide technological advancements, such as recent progress in data collection and processing, induce a disproportionate and socially inefficient reallocation of resources toward surplus-appropriating activities. As technology improves, firms rely more on appropriation to obtain their profits, thereby endogenously reducing the impact of technological progress on economic progress and inflating the price of the resources used for both types of activities. Our theoretical insights shed light on the rise of high-frequency trading.