bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of suitable reference microRNAs for qRT-PCR in Osmanthus fragrans under abiotic stress, hormone and metal ion treatments
Authors: Zhang Yingting , Yan Qingyu , Xia Hui , Yang Jie , Zeng Xiangling , Li Zeqing , Cai Xuan , Zou Jingjing , Chen Hongguo 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionSweet osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans) is a prominent woody ornamental plant extensively utilized in horticulture, the food industry, cosmetics, and traditional Chinese medicine. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene regulation, playing a vital role in enabling plants to adapt to environmental fluctuations. Despite their significance, research on miRNA expression in O. fragrans under adverse stress conditions remains limited. Therefore, the selection of appropriate reference miRNAs is essential to ensure accurate miRNA expression analysis.MethodsIn this study, qRT-PCR technology was combined with four algorithms (i.e., delta-Ct, geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper) to systematically evaluate the expression stability of 14 candidate miRNAs across eleven environmental conditions, including under abiotic stress, under hormone and metal ion treatments, during flower opening and senescence, and across various tissues.ResultsThe results revealed that under hormone treatments, ofr-miR159b-3p, novel8, and novel3 exhibited high expression stability; under abiotic stress, ofr-miR159b-3p, novel8, ofr-miR403-3p, and novel2 demonstrated considerable stability; during metal ion treatments, novel3, ofr-miR159b-3p, novel33, novel2, and ofr-miR395e were identified as stable miRNAs; in different tissues, novel2 and ofr-miR395e were relatively stable; and during flower opening and senescence, novel33 and ofr-miR395e maintained stable expression.DiscussionThis study represents the first comprehensive assessment of reference miRNA stability in O. fragrans, providing a reliable framework for miRNA expression analysis under diverse conditions, including flower development and senescence, abiotic stress, hormone treatments, and metal ion treatments. These findings carry significant implications for future research into the function of miRNAs.
Cross-cultural adaptation and content validation of the Nurses’ Professionalism Inventory to the Portuguese context: a methodological study
Authors: Ribeiro Marlene Patrícia , Gasparino Renata Cristina , Ribeiro Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionNurses’ professionalism is linked to the profession’s principles and plays a crucial role in the quality and safety of care in the current context of complexity in healthcare systems. In the Portuguese context, no instrument allows evaluation of the nurses’ professionalism, which led to the objective of cross-culturally adapting and validating the content of the Nurses’ Professionalism Inventory for the Portuguese context.MethodsA methodological study was carried out and comprised six stages: translation, synthesis, back-translation, committee of experts, pre-test, and approval of the process by the original author developer of the instrument.ResultsThe first three stages were completed without difficulty. Nine experts were part of the committee to validate the instrument content. They evaluated items’ semantic, idiomatic, cultural, and conceptual equivalences, clarity, and relevance. Modified Kappa and Content Validity Index were calculated for all assessments. Seven items were submitted in two rounds to achieve consensus in the assessments. The usability of the instrument was tested in the fifth stage. Forty nurses performed the pre-test and agreed that the instructions, items, and response options of the Portuguese version of the Nurses’ Professionalism Inventory were easy to understand at 95.00, 97.50, and 92.50%, respectively. The author who developed the original instrument analyzed and approved the entire process carried out.DiscussionThe cross-cultural adaptation of the Nurses’ Professionalism Inventory to the Portuguese context was carried out according to international recommendations, and the conclusion of this study will provide an instrument to assess the nurses’ professionalism in Portugal.
A topic modeling-based analysis of emerging mobility services for carbon emission reduction
Authors: Li Yang , Lei Yutian , Wu Zezhou , Wang Jiahao , Pei Tianjia , Antwi-Afari Maxwell Fordjour 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionWith rising urbanization and global climate change, sustainable city development has become an urgent challenge. Emerging mobility services provide innovative solutions for sustainable city governance, bridging the gap between transportation demand and supply, alleviating city travel and reducing carbon emissions. However, further investigation is needed to ascertain the specific roles and potential enhancements that emerging mobility services could contribute to reducing carbon emissions.MethodsIn this study, a systematic search of the Web of Science Core Collection using relevant keywords yielded 431 articles. After screening, 225 articles were deemed relevant, meeting the following criteria: (1) the articles focused on emerging mobility services, and (2) they explored the relationship between these services, carbon emissions, and environmental impacts. These articles were then synthesized using the Potential Dirichlet Allocation Model.ResultsThis study identifies four key research questions using the Potential Dirichlet Allocation Model: “Emerging Mobility’s Environmental Impacts,” “Policy-Led Sustainable Mobility Services,” “User-Centric Mobility Services,” and “Cost-Benefit Analysis of Electrification.” Assessments of the theme strengths track their evolution over time, highlighting the increasing importance of policy-led development and user-centered optimization.DiscussionThe study has shown that emerging mobility services have the potential to reduce carbon emissions; however, the extent of this impact varies by region, service type, and other factors. Policy strategies play a crucial role in promoting the development of new and emerging transport services. These findings contribute to the sustainable development of these services, the reduction of carbon emissions, and the improvement of urban living conditions.
The Impact of Place-Based Approaches Addressing Mental Health and Substance Use Among Adolescents: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Rehill Nirandeep , Halvorsrud Kristoffer , Shand Jenny , Fonagy Peter , Raine Rosalind 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesWe systematically appraised peer reviewed evidence assessing the impact of “place-based approaches” (PBAs) – those requiring multi-sectoral action within localities to address complex health challenges – on mental health outcomes among adolescents.MethodsWe searched six databases from inception to May 2023. We defined PBAs as at least two sectors (e.g., local government, health) working collaboratively within a locality. Studies reporting mental health and substance-use among young people (aged 10–24) were included. Two authors independently assessed study quality using MMAT. Heterogeneity in PBAs, study design and outcomes prevented meta-analysis; results were narratively synthesised.ResultsThirty-three publications presented data from 22 PBA evaluations; 6 evaluations assessed mental health or wellbeing, 16 appraised substance use. Higher quality evaluations found no impact on mental health outcomes (n = 4), and some evidence for delayed initiation (n = 4) and reduced point-in-time use (n = 10) of alcohol. Evidence for impact on binge-drinking and drug use was mixed.ConclusionBased on very few published studies of mixed quality, PBAs have not improved mental health or wellbeing among adolescents. More evidence exists to suggest PBAs can improve certain alcohol use outcomes in young people.
Helicobacter hepaticus CdtB Triggers Colonic Mucosal Barrier Disruption in Mice via Epithelial Tight Junction Impairment Mediated by MLCK/pMLC2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Tao , Meng Xiao , Qian Miao , Jin Shanhao , Bao Ruoyu , Zhu Liqi , Zhang Quan 
Published: February 2025

Background: Helicobacter hepaticus (H. hepaticus) has been demonstrated to have clinical relevance to the development of colitis in rodents. H. hepaticus produces cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs), which are identified as the most important virulence factors to the pathogenicity of CDT-producing bacteria in animals. However, the precise relationship between CDTs of H. hepaticus and intestinal barrier dysfunction remains unclear. The objective of the present study was to ascertain the impact of CdtB, the active subunit of CDTs, on the colonic mucosal barrier during H. hepaticus infection. Materials and Methods: We investigated the infection of male BALB/c mice, intestinal organoids, and IEC-6 cell monolayers by H. hepaticus or CdtB-deficient H. hepaticus (ΔCdtB). A comprehensive histopathological examination was conducted, encompassing the assessment of H. hepaticus colonization, the levels of mRNA expression for inflammatory cytokines, the expression levels of tight junction proteins, and the related signaling pathways. Results: The results demonstrate that the presence of ΔCdtB led to a mitigation of the symptoms associated with H. hepaticus-induced colitis, as evidenced by colon length shortening and the colon histological inflammation score. In addition, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were reduced in the ΔCdtB group. Moreover, a downward trend was observed in the phosphorylation levels of STAT3 and nuclear factor-κB (p65). In vitro, the presence of H. hepaticus resulted in a reduction in the expression of tight junction (TJ) markers (ZO-1 and occludin) and an impairment of the F-actin structure in either the intestinal epithelium or intestinal organoids. However, these effects were reversed by CdtB deletion. Concurrently, both ROS levels and apoptosis levels were found to be significantly reduced in cells treated with the ΔCdtB strain. Mechanistically, myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) activation was observed in the H. hepaticus-infected group in vivo, whereas the MLCK inhibitor ML-7 was found to reverse the CdtB-induced alterations in TJ proteins in IEC6 cells. Conclusions: The collective findings demonstrate that CdtB plays a pivotal role in the H. hepaticus-induced colonic mucosal barrier. This is achieved through the regulation of TJs via the MLCK/pMLC2 signaling pathway, which is linked to elevations in oxidative stress and inflammation within intestinal epithelial cells.
Populizm jako proces transformacji demokracji
Authors: Szewczyk Urszula 
Published: February 2025

Tekst jest recenzją książki Me the People: How Populism Transforms Democracy Nadii Urbinati. W tekście omawiane są wątki krytyki establishmentu, moralności przywódcy populistycznego oraz rozumienia czym jest lud. Łączą się one ze sobą w idei populizmu jako procesu transformującego demokrację – stanowi to najważniejszą w tej książce myśl filozofki. Krytyce zostaje poddane porównanie relacji zaufania między wyborcami a przywódcą populistycznym do relacji między wyborcami a przywódcą niepopulistycznym, a także niejasność używanego przez Urbinati pojęcia demokracji.
Struktur, Perilaku Dan Kinerja Pasar Beras Di Kabupaten Sambas
Authors: Sari Dian , Widi Wilujeng Wilis , Dian Novita Uray 
Published: February 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Mengidentifikasi saluran pemasaran, menganalisis struktur, perilaku dan kinerja pasar pada masing-masing saluran pemasaran beras di Kabupaten Sambas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Sambas yang ditentukan secara sengaja dengan pertimbangan Kabupaten Sambas merupakan penghasil beras terbesar di Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Sambas. Responden petani yang digunakan yaitu 50 petani, Penentuan sampel pedagang dan lembaga pemasaran yang terlibat dilakukan dengan metode snowball sampling dengan cara mengikuti aliran informasi dari petani responden. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Struktur pasar di tingkat petani cenderung mendekati struktur pasar persaingan sempurna. Struktur pasar di tingkat penggilingan cenderung mengarah ke oligopsoni. Struktur pasar di tingkat pedagang besar cenderung Dilihat sebagai pembeli, Pedagang besar cenderung oligopsoni terhadap petani. Struktur pasar di tingkat pengecer cenderung Dilihat sebagai pembeli, Pengecer cenderung mendekati pasar persaingan sempurna terhadap petani. Perilaku pasar beras dilihat Aktivitas Penjualan dan Pembelian Penggilingan padi atau pabrik gabah berperan sebagai perantara dalam rantai distribusi antara petani dan pasar beras yang lebih besar Penggilingan padi melakukan negosiasi dengan petani Sistem Pembayaran Umumnya, penggilingan padi atau pabrik gabah melakukan pembelian gabah dari petani secara tunai. Dan sebagian kecil dengan cara pembayaran di muka. . Hubungan Kerjasama Pedagang pengumpul yang sukses biasanya membangun hubungan jangka panjang dengan petani di wilayahnya. Dengan menjaga hubungan baik, pengumpul bisa mendapatkan prioritas saat petani ingin menjual hasil panen mereka. Bedasarkan analisis kinerja pasar menunjukkan bahwa saluran pemasaran 1 merupakan saluran yang paling efisien karena tidak memiliki margin dan farmer’s share relatif besar.

Kata Kunci : Kinerja, Pasar beras, Perilaku , Struktur
Analisis Komparatif Pendapatan Usahatani Padi Antara Petani Pemilik, Petani Penyewa Dan Petani Penyakap Di Kecamatan Pemulutan Kabupaten Ogan Ilir
Authors: Lestari Ratih , Chuzaimah Chuzaimah , Absharina  , Aisyah  
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk : (1) Menganalisis perbandingan besarnya pendapatan usahatani padi antara petani pemilik lahan, petani penyewa dan petani penyakap, dan (2). Menganalisis apakah usahatani padi di Kecamatana Pemulutan masih layak untuk dijalankan. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Pemulutan Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, pada bulan Juli sampai bulan September 2024. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan petani dengan bantuan kuisioner, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari lembaga atau instansi terkait, seperti Badan Pusat Statustik (BPS), Pemerintah Desa, Balai Penyuluh pertanian (BPP), dan pustaka lainnya yang berhubungan dengan penelitian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus (case study). Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa di Kecamatan Pemulutan, pendapatan petani pemilik lebih besar dibandingkan dengan petani penyewa dan petani penyakap, dengan besaran masing-masing sebesar Rp. 27.413.794,00/tahun untuk petani pemilik; sebesar Rp. 14.204.638,00/tahun untuk petani penyewa dan sebesar Rp. 5.515.000,00/tahun untuk petani penyakap. Pendapatan tersebut sangat bergantung pada luas lahan yang digarap, biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan dan berapa kali bisa melasanakan usahatani dalam 1 tahun. Melihat dari perhitungan R/C dengan nilai masing-masing sebesar 2,29 untuk petani pemilik dan sebesar 1,06 untuk petani penyakap. Maka usahatai di Kecamatan Pemulutan masih layak untuk dijalankan.
Kata kunci: Padi, Slovin, Perbandingan Pendapatan, luas lahan dan R/C
Pengaruh Ekspor Dan Impor Minyak Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Tahun 2001-2023
Authors: Riani Uci Sarly , Dermawan Alvindo 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh ekspor dan impor minyak kelapa sawit terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari pihak terkait, seperti: Badan Pusat Statistik, Bank Indonesia, dan Kementerian Pertanian RI. Periode waktu yang digunakan adalah tahun 2001-2023 diperoleh bukti empiris pengaruh variabel independen menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan software STATA. Hasil dari penelitian ditemukan bahwa variabel ekspor minyak kelapa sawit berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Sedangkan, variabel impor minyak kelapa sawit berpengaruh negative namun tidak signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia.

Kata Kunci: Ekspor, Impor, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi
CDN-Net: Faint Celestial Target Detection Based on Densely Nested Hierarchical Network
Authors: Chen Guo , Xue Bindang , Li Xinyang , Cao Junzhe , Yin Jihao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The detection of celestial objects in ground-based wide-field optical telescope images serves as the foundational step for subsequent celestial analysis tasks. Existing methods for astronomical target detection have not addressed the challenges posed by a high dynamic range, faintness of targets, and an inaccurate supervision map. This paper presents a faint celestial target detection framework named the Celestial Densely Nested Network (CDN-Net). First, a hierarchical bit-depth decomposition strategy is designed to address high dynamic range astronomical FITS images, ensuring effective representation of faint targets. Second, a densely nested hierarchical network is introduced to extract high-resolution features of these faint astronomical targets. Lastly, a soft segmentation map, along with the corresponding loss, is proposed to guide the network’s focus toward faint targets. Experiments were conducted on both simulated and real data sets, separately comprising 2560 images and 24,087 images, respectively, to evaluate the performance of CDN-Net. Compared to six existing methods, CDN-Net achieves superior precision, recall, and F1 score, especially for faint targets with signal-to-noise ratios below 3. Additionally, comparisons with star catalogs validate the effectiveness of CDN-Net. The code for this work is available at https://github.com/AeroFirefly/CDN-Net.
Relative Alpha in the Magnetohydrodynamics with Open Magnetic Field Boundary and Its Application to the Solar Eruption
Authors: Yang Shangbin , Büchner Jörg , Santos Jean Carlo , Skála Jan , Zhang Hongqi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
An instability criterion in the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) with the open boundary of a magnetic field is proposed in this paper. We use a series of linear force-free extrapolation fields, in which the normal part of the magnetic field is fixed, to obtain the linear fitting coefficient called relative alpha by using the cojoined value of magnetic free energy and magnetic flux at the open boundary (E

f
Φ2) and the square of relative magnetic helicity (

H

R

2

). We calculate this coefficient of the magnetic field above active regions NOAA 8210 and NOAA 11429 obtained by the photospheric-data-driven MHD model. It is found that the fitting coefficient is a good proxy of the criterion to indicate the occurrence of instability after which the magnetic reconnection happens and causes the fast release of magnetic energy. We also applied this method to the continuous evolution of the three-dimensional magnetic field of NOAA 11158 based on the measurement of the photospheric vector magnetic field of Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager by the nonlinear force-free extrapolation method. The calculated coefficient when the major flare happened based on the extrapolation data is very close to the expected ones, which perfectly reflects the occurrence of instability, and the difference is even less than 7%. This relative alpha is very helpful to evaluate how far it is from the instability in the MHD and quantitatively estimate the occurrence of solar eruption in the space weather forecast.
A Novel Survey for Young Substellar Objects with the W-band Filter. VII. Water-bearing Objects in the Core of the ρ Ophiuchi Cloud Complex
Authors: Sharma Tanvi , Chen Wen Ping , Biller Beth , Albert Loïc , Damian Belinda , Jose Jessy , Lalchand Bhavana , Liu Michael C. , Oasa Yumiko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present a study of very low mass stars and brown dwarfs in the rich star-forming core of the ρ Ophiuchi cloud complex. The selection of the sample relies on detecting the inherent water absorption characteristic in young substellar objects. Of the 22 water-bearing candidates selected, 15 have a spectral type of M6 or later. Brown dwarf candidates too faint for membership determination by Gaia have their proper motions derived by deep-infrared images spanning 6 yr. Astrometric analysis confirms 21/22 sources as members, with one identified as a contaminant. Infrared colors and the spectral energy distribution of each water-bearing candidate are used to diagnose the mass, age, and possible existence of circumstellar dust. A total of 15 sources exhibit evidence of disks in their spectral energy distributions, as late as in M8-type objects. Spectroscopy for bright candidates has confirmed one as an M8 member and verified two sources (with disks) exhibiting signatures of magnetospheric accretion.
Energy Extraction from a Black Hole by a Strongly Magnetized Thin Accretion Disk
Authors: Dhang Prasun , Dexter Jason , Begelman Mitchell C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The presence of a strong, large-scale magnetic field in an accretion flow leads to the extraction of the rotational energy of the black hole (BH) through the Blandford–Znajek (BZ) process, believed to power relativistic jets in various astrophysical sources. We study rotational energy extraction from a BH surrounded by a highly magnetized thin disk by performing a set of 3D global GRMHD simulations. We find that the saturated flux threading the BH has a weaker dependence on BH spin, compared to highly magnetized hot (geometrically thick) accretion flows. Also, we find that only a fraction (10%–70%) of the extracted BZ power is channeled into the jet, depending on the spin parameter. The remaining energy is potentially used to launch winds or contribute to the radiative output of the disk or corona. Our simulations reveal that the presence of a strong magnetic field enhances the radiative efficiency of the disk, making it more luminous than its weakly magnetized counterpart or the standard disk model. We attribute this excess luminosity primarily to the enhanced magnetic dissipation in the intra-ISCO region. Our findings have implications for understanding X-ray corona formation and BH spin measurements, and interpreting BH transient phenomena.
Magnetic Activities of AD Leonis: Flares in TESS Data and Optical Spectra
Authors: Ram Diya , Mondal Soumen , Patra Dusmanta , Ghosh Samrat , Khumbhakar Rajib 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We studied the flaring activities of M4.5 dwarf AD Leo to understand its stellar atmospheres and magnetic activities. We present new observational results on this highly active star, using nonsimultaneous measurement of Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data, time-series optical spectra, and Giant Meter Radio Telescope 325 MHz radio data. We revisited the rotation period of 2.23 ± 0.04 days from TESS, which matches well with previously measured literature values. We estimated an extremely rare high-energy superflare of 4.9 × 1035 erg and ∼400 minute duration with a high magnetic field strength of 1.2 kG. Interestingly, we correlated the duration of a flare event with its energy, τ ∝

E
bol

0.60
±
0.02

, and noticed a discrepancy between stellar and solar flares suggesting a difference in coronal magnetic field strength. From time-series spectra, we observed Hα spectral flares in the range of 1030–1031 erg. A 12 minute delay in a spectral flare event was observed between the emission of the Hα and Ca ii H and K lines, possibly due to their origination at different spatial locations in the chromosphere. We noticed the deviation in flare rate distribution and orbital phases indicates the presence of highly active regions. Furthermore, an occasional radio detection with a flux density of 9.46 ± 1.63 mJy at a frequency of 325 MHz might be coherent emission in the presence of the magnetic field, giving a hint of star–planet interaction.