bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical investigation of air forced convection in channels with differently shaped transverse ribs
Authors: Manca Oronzio , Nardini Sergio , Ricci Daniele 
Published: January 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the flow and the heat transfer characteristics of a two‐dimensional rib‐roughned rectangular duct with the two principal walls subjected to uniform heat flux. In particular, the main goal is to generate friction and heat transfer data, for different values of p/e with square, rectangular, trapezoidal and triangular shape ribs for Reynolds numbers in the range between 20,000 and 60,000 and different heights and to describe the temperature and fluid‐dynamic fields around the ribs.Design/methodology/approachThe model is constituted by a two‐dimensional duct. On the duct wall square, rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal ribs are introduced by changing different geometry ratios. Governing equations are solved numerically by means of the finite‐volume method.FindingsSimulations show that maximum Nusselt numbers are detected in correspondence with dimensionless pitch equal to 12 and 10 for the square, trapezoidal and rectangular ribs, and triangular ones, respectively. Heat transfer rate is at most 2.45 times higher than the smooth duct, when dimensionless height is equal to 0.05, and 1.85 at a dimensionless height equal to 0.02; furthermore, the friction factor is the highest at a pitch ratio of ten for the rectangular, trapezoidal and square ribs while the triangular ones show the maximum values at a dimensionless pitch equal to 8. For Re>40,000 an asymptotic behavior is detected. Best thermal performances are provided by triangular ribs with w/e=2.0 while the rectangular ribs with w/e=2.0 present the lowest friction factor values. Local Nusselt number profiles reveal that the maximum values are detected from three to five times the rib height from the downstream turbulator. Finally, temperature fields and stream function contours are given in order to visualize the temperature distribution and flow pattern in presence of d‐type and k‐type roughness behavior also for triangular ribs.Originality/valueThe paper investigates evaluation of temperature and velocity fields thermal and fluid‐dynamic behaviors (in terms of average and local Nusselt number profiles and friction factors ones) of roughned ducts with different shapes, heights and aspect ratios of ribs in turbulent regime. The thermo‐physical properties of fluid are assumed to be dependent on temperature. The paper is useful to thermal designers.
An evaluation of a secure and trustworthy mobile agent‐based e‐marketplace system
Authors: Patel Ahmed , Qi Wei , Taghavi Mona 
Published: January 2014

PurposeMobile agent‐based e‐marketplaces are business applications that have been developed as flexible and efficient approaches to help companies or corporations to extend their businesses to outreach larger markets without regional and continental boundaries. Every distributed system is unable to avoid security problems due to the open internet environment. Mobile agent‐based e‐marketplaces are no exceptions. The purpose of this paper is to design and implement a framework and system of a secure and trustworthy mobile agent‐based e‐marketplace to overcome this problem.Design/methodology/approachThe authors present an analysis and evaluation of a secure and trustworthy mobile agent‐based e‐marketplace, which was specified and prototyped. The experimental results of the implemented system are used to address the evaluation of the system. The discussion of the solution is also presented.FindingsThe evaluation and performance results show that the proposed framework and system have the ability to provide a secure and efficient e‐marketplace environment for trading products. The authors draw conclusions and highlight future work on this specific research area.Originality/valueThe performance and scalability are the two most important issues for mobile‐agent based systems together with their feasibility. The evaluation and performance results are used to reflect the results of the research in its entirety.
A framework for preventing money laundering in banks
Authors: Pramod Vandana , Li Jinghua , Gao Ping 
Published: January 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to form a new framework for preventing money laundering by mapping COBIT (Control for Information and Related Technology) processes to COSO (Committee of Sponsoring Organisation) components.Design/methodology/approachFirst, a new framework for preventing money laundering in banks is formed by mapping COBIT to COSO. Further, the potential of the mapped framework to comply with the Bank Secrecy Act requirements is analysed.FindingsThe mapped framework effectively supports all the activities of financial sectors through defining efficient information technology‐based processes and control methods. Information systems play a key role for financial sectors in producing financial statements, managing customer databases, detecting frauds, etc.Research limitations/implicationsCase studies of banks of different sizes, and in different countries are needed. It is necessary to improve the mapped framework by considering Basel III regulations.Practical implicationsCOBIT‐mapped‐COSO framework is useful for banks to fight money laundering. While adopting the new framework, an organisation should apply the best practices that suit its operations rather than all the control objectives.Social implicationsThe new framework can help banks fight money laundering.Originality/valueFor preventing money laundering through banks, a number of policies and intelligence systems are in place. However, there is no efficient framework that could guide banks to follow these policies and use information technologies. This paper proposes a new framework to target these gaps.
Investigating the drivers of consumer intention to buy manufacturer brands
Authors: Walsh Gianfranco , Shiu Edward , Hassan Louise M. 
Published: January 2014

PurposeBranding literature indicates that consumers buy branded products because they expect higher quality compared with non‐branded products. However, as private‐label brands improve in quality and deliver more value to customers, a reassessment of intention to buy manufacturer brands is pertinent. On the basis of the theory of reasoned action, the authors aim to hypothesize that the perceived quality of manufacturer brands, brand involvement, attitude toward private‐label brands, and perceived product similarity drive purchase intention. In addition, consumers' perceptions of product similarity and age might moderate the relationship between perceived quality and intention to buy manufacturer brands.Design/methodology/approachThe model and relationships are examined with a large sample of more than 600 consumers. The primary data were collected using face‐to‐face interviews.FindingsRegression analysis finds support for a direct effect of perceived product quality, brand involvement and attitude towards private‐label brands as well as a moderating effect of age on the relationship between perceived quality and intention to buy manufacturer brands.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors suggest implications of the study findings for brand management and marketing theory development, as well as avenues for further research. Amongst others, the authors recommend that brand manufacturers should communicate the quality aspects of their brands more clearly, because consumers' quality perceptions are strongest amongst the antecedents of purchase intention.Originality/valueOverall, the findings suggest that marketers need to revise their understanding of retail behavior in this area which constitutes the main contribution of the paper.
Navigators for the digital ocean
Authors: Fox Robert 
Published: January 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this column is to explore methods in which information professionals can contribute to the intelligence of open discovery systems.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual column based on experience in this field and a review of the relevant literature.FindingsThere are several ways in which information professionals can contribute to make their discovery systems more robust through careful semantic analysis.Originality/valueThis column explores ways in which the fields of linguistics, semantic analysis, semiotics, and web ontologies can assist information professionals in building responsive and robust back end indexing systems that can be coupled to front end open discovery frameworks.
An evaluation of the Emergency Response Week curriculum
Authors: Sedevic Mark T. 
Published: January 2014

PurposePolice recruits need to be prepared the moment they graduate from the police academy for any type of situation. It is during the initial recruit training phase at the police academy where police recruits need to learn about terrorism and how to respond to a terrorism incident. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the Emergency Response Week portion of the Chicago Police Academy's recruit curriculum was adequate and provided Chicago Police Department recruits with adequate knowledge of terrorism awareness and the skills necessary to respond to a terrorism incident.Design/methodology/approachDescriptive research was used with a non‐experimental fixed design, along with quantitative survey research.FindingsThe results indicated that the Chicago Police Department recruit curriculum in Emergency Response Week was perceived as above adequate by Chicago Police Department recruits. Additionally, the Chicago Police Department recruits perceived their knowledge concerning terrorism awareness and their skill levels concerning responding to a terrorism incident as above adequate following completion of Emergency Response Week.Originality/valuePrevious researchers mostly examined the breadth of police recruit curricula, which has left a need for an in‐depth knowledge base. This research paper probed deeply into the satisfaction of the Emergency Response Week curriculum at the Chicago Police Department Recruit Academy and narrowed the focus from previous studies.
Police decision making: an examination of conflicting theories
Authors: Phillips Scott W. , Sobol James J. 
Published: January 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare two conflicting theoretical frameworks that predict or explain police decision making. Klinger's ecological theory proposes that an increased level of serious crimes in an area decreases the likelihood an officer will deal with order‐maintenance issues, while Fagan and Davies suggest an increase in low‐level disorder will increase order maintenance behavior of police officers.Design/methodology/approachUsing a vignette research design, the authors examines factors that may contribute to police officers’ decision to make a traffic stop in four jurisdictions with varying levels of serious crime. Ordered logistic regression with robust standard errors was used in the analysis.FindingsAnalysis of the findings demonstrates that officers who work in higher crime areas are less likely to stop a vehicle, as described in the vignettes. Additional predictors of police decision to stop include vehicles driven by teenaged drivers and drivers who were speeding in a vehicle.Research limitations/implicationsThe current research is limited to an adequate but fairly small sample size (n=204), and research design that examines hypothetical scenarios of police decision making. Further data collection across different agencies with more officers and more variation in crime levels is necessary to extend the current findings.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the literature in two primary ways. First, it compares two competing theoretical claims to examine a highly discretionary form of police behavior and second, it uniquely uses a vignette research design to tap into an area of police behavior that is difficult to study (e.g. the decision not to stop).
Interdisciplinarity: wishful thinking? Experiences at the University of Graz
Authors: Bader Lena , Zotter Victoria 
Published: January 2014

PurposeInterdisciplinarity is necessary to explain or solve complex problems and questions of today's world. Therefore, it's important to analyze the situation within an educational institution to get to know what students think about interdisciplinary work. The purpose of this paper is to try to achieve an insight into how e‐learning technologies (like WebCT) are perceived by students and to what degree information and communication technologies (ICTs) could improve communication and cooperation between students.Design/methodology/approachOn the basis of two online surveys and the attendance of a course, the experiences and approaches of students were analyzed.FindingsThe results show that most of the students see the positive aspects of interdisciplinary interchange and the benefit of learning from each other, so most of them are open minded regarding interdisciplinarity – an important requirement is given. Information and communication technologies are a good instrument to strengthen the cooperation and communication between students and can further be a helpful device for an interdisciplinary working approach.Practical implicationsBased on these findings, more accesses to interdisciplinary cooperation can be worked out especially in the master program we have analyzed which sees interdisciplinarity as one of its main goals. Knowing that the openness and readiness from students' side is given, the offer for interdisciplinary ways of interchange could be expanded.Social implicationsThe results show that the students are open‐minded to other students' knowledge and views, which also shows the mutual acceptance and respect for other opinions. This is very important for teamwork and also for multicultural interchange on an international basis.Originality/valueNot only in social regard but also for complex questions of science and society in general the results of student's experiences and approaches are auspicious for international frameworks.
Automated carton making, order filling and goods movement lifts material handling to new heights of efficiency
Authors: Bloss Richard 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– Review of the most recent Automate and Promat shows in Chicago with emphasis on the new automation innovations and applications on display. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– In-depth interviews with exhibitors of automation equipment and system integrators of automation technology at these dual shows.

Findings
– Automation technology continues to address an ever increasing number of material handling applications.

Practical implications
– Customers may be surprised at the automation innovations and new applications which are appearing in the material handling environment.

Originality/value
– A review of some of the latest automation innovations and applications that one might have seen if they had been on the exhibition floor at the most recent dual Automate and Promat shows.
Hand gesture recognition using low-budget data glove and cluster-trained probabilistic neural network
Authors: Luzanin Ognjan , Plancak Miroslav 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– Main purpose is to present methodology which allows efficient hand gesture recognition using low-budget, 5-sensor data glove. To allow widespread use of low-budget data gloves in engineering virtual reality (VR) applications, gesture dictionaries must be enhanced with more ergonomic and symbolically meaningful hand gestures, while providing high gesture recognition rates when used by different seen and unseen users.

Design/methodology/approach
– The simple boundary-value gesture recognition methodology was replaced by a probabilistic neural network (PNN)-based gesture recognition system able to process simple and complex static gestures. In order to overcome problems inherent to PNN – primarily, slow execution with large training data sets – the proposed gesture recognition system uses clustering ensemble to reduce the training data set without significant deterioration of the quality of training. The reduction of training data set is efficiently performed using three types of clustering algorithms, yielding small number of input vectors that represent the original population very well.

Findings
– The proposed methodology is capable of providing efficient recognition of simple and complex static gestures and was also successfully tested with gestures of an unseen user, i.e. person who took no part in the training phase.

Practical implications
– The hand gesture recognition system based on the proposed methodology enables the use of affordable data gloves with a small number of sensors in VR engineering applications which require complex static gestures, including assembly and maintenance simulations.

Originality/value
– According to literature, there are no similar solutions that allow efficient recognition of simple and complex static hand gestures, based on a 5-sensor data glove.
Contrasting realities: corporate environmental disclosure and stakeholder-released information
Authors: Rodrigue Michelle 
Published: January 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to study the informational dynamics that take place between a firm and its stakeholders with respect to corporate environmental management.Design/methodology/approach– The analysis is based on a case study contrasting environmental information reported by the case firm with environmental information about the firm disclosed by four stakeholder groups or their representatives (governments, the community, environmental non-governmental organizations and investors) over three years. The information flow of disclosure is also considered.Findings– The results suggest that the informational dynamics are composed of multiple related patterns. The patterns range from correspondence between disclosures to stakeholders complementing or contradicting corporate disclosures. Different patterns are associated with different levels of interactions from stakeholders, who are most involved when they combine disclosure patterns around key environmental issues for the forest industry. Limited interactions are observed from the firm, suggesting a symbolic engagement within the dynamics and a strategic accountability approach.Research limitations/implications– Limitations are found in the focus on disclosure outlets without examination of their production and reception, and in the inherent nature of the documents collected to represent each perspective. Some stakeholder groups were excluded from the study due to data unavailability.Originality/value– This paper offers an in-depth analysis of firm-stakeholders interactions with respect to environmental reporting and maps the information flow of their disclosure.
Food additive control: a survey among selected consumers and manufacturers
Authors: Nadia Shaheen Koyratty Bibi , Aumjaud Badroonesha , Amnee Neeliah Shalini 
Published: January 2014

Purpose– The aim of this paper is to explore consumer knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to food additives and to investigate manufacturers' attitudes and practices pertaining to food additives and their control.Design/methodology/approach– Questionnaire administered face-to-face interviews were conducted with 180 consumers from the population working at the University of Mauritius while an interview guide was used for in-depth interviews with 12 manufacturers.Findings– The results showed that 65 per cent of all respondents never checked food labels for additives. Overall, the respondents had poor knowledge on food additives. A significant relationship was established between level of education and knowledge rating based on percentage correct answers to food additive questions (p<0.05). The mean percentage correct answers for consumers with different educational levels increased in the following order: primary education; secondary education; tertiary education (p<0.05). The responses relating to attitudinal statements reflected indecision and certain misconceptions. In-depth interviews with local food manufacturers revealed positive attitudes and practices towards food additives. Several problems relating to additive control were mentioned, such as outdated regulations and weak enforcement.Research limitations/implications– Given the sample sizes, the consumer research should not be extrapolated to the Mauritian population while the exploratory manufacturer study should not be generalised to the whole food industry.Originality/value– These findings provide a factual basis for further investigations, review of current food legislation and development of education strategies for consumers, all aiming towards enhancing the effectiveness of the national food control system in Mauritius.
Willingness to pay for carbon footprint on foods
Authors: Echeverría Rodrigo , Hugo Moreira Víctor , Sepúlveda Constanza , Wittwer Cecilia 
Published: January 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to elicit the willingness to pay (WTP) of Chilean consumers towards the carbon footprint of food products (fluid milk and bread), controlling for several consumer's attributes.

Design/methodology/approach
– A contingent valuation method (double bounded dichotomous choice) was used to analyze the WTP, wherein personal interviews were applied to a sample of 774 supermarket consumers.

Findings
– Chilean consumers show a positive attitude towards the carbon footprint concept. Consumers are willing to pay 29 percent for fluid milk and 10 percent for bread, over their average prices. It seems that WTP for foods is negatively related to the share of the product on the monthly household expense.

Research limitations/implications
– Based on the results of this work, the WTP is unique for each product, and hence, any attempt to extrapolate these results must be done with caution. Further research should include a wider set of products.

Practical implications
– Local Chilean companies could obtain an advantage over their competitors (e.g. gain market share) if their products exhibit the carbon footprint. Moreover, if a company has a particular product with a competitive (low) CF, it could charge prices higher than those of its competitors.

Originality/value
– This is the first work that provides an analysis of the WTP for carbon footprint labeling of foods in developing countries.