bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA Profile in Response to Doxorubicin Treatment in Breast Cancer
Authors: Tormo Eduardo , Pineda Begoña , Serna Eva , Guijarro Alba , Ribas Gloria , Fores Jaume , Chirivella Enrique , Climent Joan , Lluch Ana , Eroles Pilar 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTChemotherapy treatment is the standard in triple negative breast cancers, a cancer subgroup which lacks a specific target. The mechanisms leading to the response, as well as any markers that allow the differentiation between responder and non‐responder groups prior to treatment are unknown. In parallel, miRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors and there is evidence of their involvement in promoting resistance to anticancer drugs. Therefore we hypothesized that changes in miRNA expression after doxorubicin treatment may also be relevant in treatment response. Objective: To study miRNAs that are differentially expressed in response to doxorubicin treatment. Methods: One luminal‐A and two triple negative, breast cancer cell lines were exposed to doxorubicin. Microarray analysis was performed to identify the common and differentially modified miRNAs. Genes and pathways that are theoretically regulated by these miRNAs were analyzed. Results: Thirteen miRNAs common to all three lines were modified, in addition to 25 that were specific to triple negative cell lines, and 69 that changed only in the luminal‐A cell line. This altered expression pattern seemed to be more strongly related to the breast cancer subgroup than to the treatment. The analysis of target genes revealed that cancer related pathways were the most affected by these miRNAs, moreover many of them had been previously related to chemotherapy resistance; thus suggesting follow‐up studies. Additionally, through functional assays, we showed that miR‐548c‐3p is implicated in doxorubicin‐treated MCF‐7 cell viability, suggesting a role for this miRNA in resistance. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2061–2073, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessment of left ventricular function by three‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography in well‐treated type 2 diabetes patients with or without hypertension
Authors: Wang Qingqing , Gao Yunhua , Tan Kaibin , Xia Hongmei , Li Peijing 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTPurposeThe aims of this study were to investigate the myocardial deformation in well‐treated type 2 diabetes patients with or without hypertension using three‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography and to explore variables that could affect myocardial deformation.MethodsWe studied 82 patients with type 2 diabetes and controlled blood glucose, including 46 subjects with diabetes alone and 36 subjects with diabetes and well‐controlled hypertension, and 40 age‐ and gender‐matched controls. Left ventricular real‐time three‐dimensional (3D) full‐volume images were recorded and analyzed using online software. The left ventricular ejection fraction, global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain, global area strain, and global radial strain were measured and compared.ResultsDespite a similar three‐dimensional left ventricular ejection fraction, GLS was significantly lower in patients with diabetes only than in controls (p < 0.001). Patients with diabetes and hypertension showed significantly lower systolic strains in all directions than controls and patients with diabetes only (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Multiple regression analysis revealed that fasting plasma glucose and left ventricular end‐diastolic volume were significant factors influencing GLS in both diabetic groups.ConclusionsEarly‐stage diabetic patients showed an impaired left ventricular strain that was worsened by coexistent hypertension, although blood glucose and blood pressure were well controlled. Three‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography was able to detect these subclinical changes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 43:502–511 2015
Wounding alters blood chemistry parameters and skin mineralocorticoid receptors in house sparrows (Passer domesticus)
Authors: Lattin Christine R. , DuRant Sarah E. , Romero L. Michael 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTBecause skin is an important physical barrier against pathogens, the ability to quickly and effectively heal wounds directly impacts an animal's health. The hormone corticosterone (CORT) has many complex effects on immune function and can slow wound healing. It has been suggested that CORT's role during wound healing may be to act as a “brake” on inflammation and cell proliferation. This project aimed to clarify the role of CORT in the healing process by quantifying concentrations of its two intracellular receptors, glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR), in the skin of wounded (n = 9) or unwounded (n = 8) house sparrows (Passer domesticus) using radioligand binding assays. We also quantified GR and MR in liver, spleen and pectoralis muscle, as well as several blood chemistry parameters, hypothesizing that wounding would alter whole‐body energy use. One day post‐wounding, wounded birds had higher blood glucose and lower aspartate aminotransferase (a marker indicating muscle damage or catabolism) compared to controls, which may be related to animals’ changing metabolic needs in response to lymphocyte and macrophage recruitment at the wound site. Birds had significantly decreased MR, but not GR, in the skin of wounded legs compared to the skin of unwounded legs. There was also a trend towards lower MR in wounded skin compared to unwounded birds. Receptors in the three other tissues did not differ between groups. This study suggests that decreasing the skin's sensitivity to CORT immediately after wounding may be a necessary part of the normal healing process in wild birds. J. Exp. Zool. 323A: 322–330, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Ab Initio Method for Designing Multi‐Target Specific Pharmacophores using Complementary Interaction Field of Aspartic Proteases
Authors: Kaalia Rama , Kumar Amit , Srinivasan Ashwin , Ghosh Indira 
Published: March 2015

AbstractFor past few decades, key objectives of rational drug discovery have been the designing of specific and selective ligands for target proteins. Infectious diseases like malaria are continuously becoming resistant to traditional medicines, which inculcates need for new approaches to design inhibitors for antimalarial targets. A novel method for ab initio designing of multi target specific pharmacophores using the interaction field maps of active sites of multiple proteins has been developed to design ‘specificity’ pharmacophores for aspartic proteases. The molecular interaction field grid maps of active sites of aspartic proteases (plasmepsin II & IV from Plasmodium falciparum, plasmepsin from Plasmodium vivax, pepsin & cathepsin D from human) are calculated and common pharmacophoric features for favourable binding spots in active sites are extracted in the form of cliques of graphs using inductive logic programming (ILP). The two pharmacophore ensembles are constructed from largest common cliques by imposing size of receptor active site (L) and domain‐specific receptor‐ligand information (S). The overlap of chemical space between two ensembles and the results of virtual screening of inhibitor database with known activities show that this method can design efficient pharmacophores with no prior ligand information.
Flavonoid metabolites reduce tumor necrosis factor‐α secretion to a greater extent than their precursor compounds in human THP‐1 monocytes
Authors: di Gesso Jessica L. , Kerr Jason S. , Zhang Qingzhi , Raheem Saki , Yalamanchili Sai Krishna , O'Hagan David , Kay Colin D. , O'Connell Maria A. 
Published: March 2015

ScopeFlavonoids are generally studied in vitro, in isolation, and as unmetabolized precursor structures. However, in the habitual diet, multiple flavonoids are consumed together and found present in the circulation as complex mixtures of metabolites. Using a unique study design, we investigated the potential for singular or additive anti‐inflammatory effects of flavonoid metabolites relative to their precursor structures.Methods and resultsSix flavonoids, 14 flavonoid metabolites, and 29 combinations of flavonoids and their metabolites (0.1–10 μM) were screened for their ability to reduce LPS‐induced tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) secretion in THP‐1 monocytes. One micromolar peonidin‐3‐glucoside, cyanidin‐3‐glucoside, and the metabolites isovanillic acid (IVA), IVA‐glucuronide, vanillic acid‐glucuronide, protocatechuic acid‐3‐sulfate, and benzoic acid‐sulfate significantly reduced TNF‐α secretion when in isolation, while there was no effect on TNF‐α mRNA expression. Four combinations of metabolites that included 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid (4HBA) and/or protocatechuic acid also significantly reduced TNF‐α secretion to a greater extent than the precursors or metabolites alone. The effects on LPS‐induced IL‐1β and IL‐10 secretion and mRNA expression were also examined. 4HBA significantly reduced IL‐1β secretion but none of the flavonoids or metabolites significantly modified IL‐10 secretion.ConclusionThis study provides novel evidence suggesting flavonoid bioactivity results from cumulative or additive effects of circulating metabolites.
Blast resistance characteristics of concrete with different types of fibre reinforcement
Authors: Drdlová Martina , Buchar Jaroslav , Krátký Josef , R̆ídký Radek 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper summarizes the results of the development of advanced fibre‐reinforced concrete intended for explosion‐resistant applications. Experimental research was carried out with the aim of contributing to understanding the effect of different types of reinforcement on the behaviour of high‐performance fibre‐reinforced concrete subjected to a blast load. The fine‐grained concrete matrix was reinforced by various types of dispersed fibre – metallic, carbon, mineral and polymer – in different lengths (6–55 mm) and combinations, while the volume content (3 %) of fibres was kept constant. Physico‐mechanical and explosion tests were performed on prismatic and slab‐shaped specimens and the effect of different kinds of reinforcement on the blast resistance and mechanical performance of the concrete samples was evaluated. The accelerations of the specimens within the blast load were ascertained. The material characteristics and explosion test data obtained were used to create a finite element model in LS‐DYNA. The numerical and experimental investigations resulted in the design of concrete elements for population protection which are able to resist an explosion defined by the weight and placement of the charge. The resistance of the newly designed concrete element was confirmed by a field blast test.
Survival and susceptibility of Burkholderia cepacia complex in chlorhexidine gluconate and benzalkonium chloride
Authors: Kim Jeong Myeong , Ahn Youngbeom , LiPuma John J , Hussong David , Cerniglia Carl E 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) includes opportunistic pathogenic bacteria that have occasionally been recovered from various pharmaceutical products, including antiseptics and disinfectants. Plausible reasons for the contamination include intrinsic sources, such as inadequate process controls, especially for water or equipment used during product manufacture, or extrinsic sources, such as improper handling and dilution or distribution in contaminated containers. Because the survival of BCC in antiseptics is a concern to the public health and pharmaceutical industry, we determined minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 36 BCC strains against the antiseptics, following exposure to chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and benzalkonium chloride (BZK) solutions (1–500 µg/ml for each chemical). Susceptibility to CHX and BZK varied across the BCC strains and was recorded as mean 90.3 and 111.1 µg/ml, respectively, at initial inoculation, which was significantly higher than the 46.4 and 61.1 µg/ml levels measured for BCC incubated in water for 40 days. After determining antiseptic MICs of individual BCC strains, BCC recovery was measured on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA), Reasoner’s Second Agar (R2A) and diluted preparations of these media under their sub-MICs. The survival of BCC was monitored for 14 days (336 h) in sub-MICs diluted to less than their antiseptic susceptible concentration value. Diluted TSA and R2A media exhibited greater efficiency of recovery for most BCC strains from the CHX and BZK solutions than full strength TSA or R2A. For BCC survival in antiseptic solutions, the cell number of BCC decreased rapidly within the first 20 min in both antiseptics, but after this, recovery remained constant in CHX and increased in BZK over the 14 day incubation period. The results indicate that BCC in water can remain viable with low susceptibility to antiseptics for 14 days, which suggests the necessity for improved detection methods and control measures to monitor BCC contamination in pharmaceutical products.
“Provincial Cosmopolitanism” in Late Ottoman Anatolia: An Armenian Shoemaker's Memoir
Authors: Lessersohn Nora 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis paper examines the nature of late Ottoman provincial intercommunal interactions and affiliations as they appear in the memoir of Hovhannes Cherishian (1886–1967), a shoemaker from late Ottoman Marash (present-day Kahramanmaraş, in southeastern Turkey). The paper is situated within the larger discourse of “untold histories” that historians have begun to address in revising the deeply ingrained post-Ottoman nationalist historiographies that dominate both academic and popular discourses. Conventional historiographies have represented former late Ottoman subject communities (e.g., Greek, Jewish, Armenian) as insulated and homogenous proto-nation-states. In the revisionist historiography, the late Ottoman Armenian voice, especially the provincial one, has been noticeably absent. Here I utilize Cherishian's memoir to examine the life and thoughts of one late Ottoman Armenian provincial subject. I focus especially on his treatment of intercommunal interactions in Anatolia and present-day Syria between 1897 and 1922. His accounts of these often extended intercommunal interactions, affiliations, and networks are characterized by intercommunal and interpersonal openness, sympathy, intimacy, and pleasure, even as he presents them side-by-side with descriptions of deportation and death at the hands of the late Ottoman state. I develop the idea of what I call “provincial cosmopolitanism” to conceptualize and represent the disposition, affinity, and process of identity formation that enabled Cherishian to create and operate these interpersonal relationships and networks that propelled his life, a historical condition to which we are not currently privy in most historiographical accounts of the late Ottoman period.
Reconstruction of electron beam energy spectra for vacuum and gas diodes
Authors: Kozyrev A.V. , Kozhevnikov V.Yu. , Vorobyov M.S. , Baksht E.Kh. , Burachenko A.G. , Koval N.N. , Tarasenko V.F. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this paper, the spectra of electron beams produced in vacuum and gas diodes were analyzed to study the capabilities and limitations of their reconstruction from beam attenuation in foils of different thickness. The electron energy distributions were calculated using the Tikhonov regularization for Fredholm integral equations on minimum a priori assumptions. The spectra reconstructed in the study were those of electron beams, including a supershort avalanche electron beam, produced in experiments on a DUET plasma-cathode electron accelerator and SLEP-150M accelerator.
Merging grid maps of different resolutions by scaling registration
Authors: Ma Liang , Zhu Jihua , Zhu Li , Du Shaoyi , Cui Jingru 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYThis paper considers the problem of merging grid maps that have different resolutions. Because the goal of map merging is to find the optimal transformation between two partially overlapping grid maps, it can be viewed as a special image registration issue. To address this special issue, the solution considers the non-common areas and designs an objective function based on the trimmed mean-square error (MSE). The trimmed and scaling iterative closest point (TsICP) algorithm is then proposed to solve this well-designed objective function. As the TsICP algorithm can be proven to be locally convergent in theory, a good initial transformation should be provided. Accordingly, scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) features are extracted for the maps to be potentially merged, and the random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm is employed to find the geometrically consistent feature matches that are used to estimate the initial transformation for the TsICP algorithm. In addition, this paper presents the rules for the fusion of the grid maps based on the estimated transformation. Experimental results carried out with publicly available datasets illustrate the superior performance of this approach at merging grid maps with respect to robustness and accuracy.
Epidemiology ofMycoplasmaacquisition in male HIV-1 infected patients: a multistage cross-sectional survey in Jiangsu, China
Authors: CHEN L.-S. , WU J.-R. , WANG B. , YANG T. , YUAN R. , ZHAO Y.-Y. , XU J.-S , GUO H.-X. , HUAN X.-P. 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYMycoplasmainfections are most frequently associated with disease in the urogenital or respiratory tracts and, in most cases, mycoplasmas infect the host persistently. In HIV-infected individuals the prevalence and role of genital mycoplasmas has not been well studied. To investigate the six species ofMycoplasmaand the risk factors for infection in Jiangsu province, first-void urine and venous blood samples were collected and epidemiological questionnaires were administered after informed consent. A total of 1541 HIV/AIDS patients were recruited in this study. The overall infection rates of sixMycoplasmaspecies were:Ureaplasma urealyticum(26·7%),Mycoplasma hominis(25·3%),M. fermentans(5·1%),M. genitalium(20·1%),M. penetrans(1·6%) andM. pirum(15·4%). TheMycoplasmainfection rate in the unmarried group was lower than that of the married, divorced and widowed groups [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1·432, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·077–1·904,P< 0·05]. The patients who refused highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) had a much higher risk ofMucoplasmainfection (aOR 1·357, 95% CI 1·097–1·679,P< 0·05). Otherwise, a high CD4+T cell count was a protective factor againstMycoplasmainfection (aOR 0·576, 95% CI 0·460–0·719,P< 0·05). Further research will be required to confirm a causal relationship and to identify risk factors forMycoplasmainfection in HIV/AIDS populations.
Sexual impropriety, petitioning and the dynamics of ill will in daily urban life
Authors: O’BRIEN KAREN 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT:This study offers an investigation into the prevalence of interpersonal verbal hostility and litigation in Nantwich, a town that was undergoing radical change during a period of crisis in the seventeenth century. It surveys the vicissitudes of midwife and moneylender, Anne Knutsford, whose outrageous language was met with a petition by opposing factions of Nantwich society. Through an intensive case-study, it identifies a complex interplay of dispute, transaction and reputation during one turbulent decade from 1660 to 1670. Such a close telling of the intimate details and dynamics of relationships gives rare insights into the goings on of daily urban life. Pieced together from a complicated labyrinth of suit and counter-suit, it establishes Anne Knutsford as a formidable creditor and highlights the fragility of social relationships under pressure from material hardship.
The Dark Side of EDX Tomography: Modeling Detector Shadowing to Aid 3D Elemental Signal Analysis
Authors: Yeoh Catriona S.M. , Rossouw David , Saghi Zineb , Burdet Pierre , Leary Rowan K. , Midgley Paul A. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA simple model is proposed to account for the loss of collected X-ray signal by the shadowing of X-ray detectors in the scanning transmission electron microscope. The model is intended to aid the analysis of three-dimensional elemental data sets acquired using energy-dispersive X-ray tomography methods where shadow-free specimen holders are unsuitable or unavailable. The model also provides a useful measure of the detection system geometry.
Improvement in renal function and its impact on survival in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Gonsalves W I , Leung N , Rajkumar S V , Dispenzieri A , Lacy M Q , Hayman S R , Buadi F K , Dingli D , Kapoor P , Go R S , Lin Y , Russell S J , Lust J A , Zeldenrust S , Kyle R A , Gertz M A , Kumar S K 
Published: March 2015

AbstractRenal impairment (RI) is seen in over a quarter of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). It is not clear if reversal of RI improves the outcome to that expected for NDMM patients without RI. We evaluated 1135 consecutive patients with NDMM seen at the Mayo Clinic between January 2003 and December 2012. RI was defined as having a creatinine clearance (CrCl) <40ml/min. The median overall survival (OS) for patients with RI at diagnosis receiving and not receiving novel agent induction therapy was not reached vs 46 months (P<0.001). The median OS for patients with CrCl ⩾40 ml/min at diagnosis, CrCl <40 ml/min at diagnosis but improved to ⩾40 ml/min and CrCl <40 ml/min at diagnosis and remained <40 ml/min, were 112, 56 and 33 months, respectively (P<0.001). The complete renal response rate for patients with RI at diagnosis receiving novel agent induction therapy compared to the rest was 40 vs 16% (P<0.001). In conclusion, patients with reversal of RI have improved outcomes, but it remains inferior to patients with normal renal function at diagnosis. These results have implications for identifying early treatment strategies for patients at risk of developing renal insufficiency.
BRAF V600E mutation in early-stage multiple myeloma: good response to broad acting drugs and no relation to prognosis
Authors: Rustad E H , Dai H Y , Hov H , Coward E , Beisvag V , Myklebost O , Hovig E , Nakken S , Vodák D , Meza-Zepeda L A , Sandvik A K , Wader K F , Misund K , Sundan A , Aarset H , Waage A 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn this study, we analyzed the prevalence and clone size of BRAF V600E mutation in 209 patients with multiple myeloma and related the results to clinical phenotype, response and survival. Biopsies were screened for BRAF V600E by allele-specific real-time PCR (AS-PCR). Positive results were confirmed by immunohistochemistry, Sanger sequencing and, in three patients from whom we had stored purified myeloma cells, whole-exome sequencing. Eleven patients (5.3%) were BRAF V600E mutation positive by AS-PCR and at least one other method. The fraction of mutated cells varied from 4 to 100%. BRAF V600E-positive patients had no characteristic clinical phenotype except for significantly higher levels of serum creatinine (125 versus 86 μmol/l) Seven of eleven patients responded with at least very good partial response to alkylators, immunomodulatory agents or proteasome inhibitors. Progression-free and overall survival were similar in patients with and without the mutation. By this integrated approach, we found that patients with BRAF V600E mutation responded very well to broad acting drugs and there was no relation to prognosis in early-stage myeloma. In particular, a large mutated cell fraction did not correlate with aggressive disease.