bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les provisions environnementales et la gestion stratégique des résultats : une étude canadienne
Authors: Berthelot Sylvie , Cormier Denis , Magnan Michel 
Published: April 2013

Dans cette étude, nous postulons que la décision des dirigeants d’une entreprise en matière de provision environnementale est motivée par la volonté de : 1) lisser les résultats, 2) minimiser les coûts contractuels liés aux emprunts ou à la défaillance, 3) gérer la visibilité politique (exposition aux médias). L’échantillon regroupe des entreprises canadiennes des secteurs d’activité suivants : pâtes et papiers et produits forestiers ; mines et métallurgie ; produits pétroliers pour la période 1990-1996. Nos principaux constats sont les suivants : les entreprises établissent des provisions environnementales dans le but de lisser leurs résultats lorsqu’ils sont volatils ; les entreprises politiquement visibles augmentent le montant de la dotation à provision environnementale. Les coûts contractuels découlant de l’endettement d’une entreprise ou d’une défaillance potentielle ne semblent pas influencer les montants des provisions environnementales. Toutefois, l’information communiquée par la comptabilisation de ces provisions est pertinente pour les marchés boursiers.
Les apports potentiels d'Internet à la mission de l'expert-comptable dans les petites entreprises
Authors: Chapellier Philippe 
Published: April 2013

Plusieurs études démontrent que l’information comptable est utile au dirigeant de petite entreprise (PE). Mais les compétences comptables sont rarement suffisantes dans ce type de structure et c’est à l’expert-comptable qu’incombe de fait la mission de diffusion et d’interprétation de cette information. Cette partie du travail de l’expert-comptable est souvent jugée insatisfaisante par les dirigeants de PE. L’hypothèse étudiée dans cet article est qu’Internet peut, sous certaines conditions, être porteur d’une nouvelle logique de fonctionnement des cabinets comptables susceptible de « déproblématiser » la relation entre l’expert-comptable et son client dirigeant de PE.
Écrire l’expertise, traduire l’expérience
Authors: Rabier Christelle 
Published: April 2013

Les rapports d’expertise présentent un cas intéressant d’écriture savante au cours des Lumières. Sans prétention à l’universalité, cette écriture ne passe davantage pas par la publication ou la communication entre pairs qui constitue la norme de la science moderne. Examinant les « rapports » rédigés par les chirurgiens, qui entrent dans les procédures criminelles et civiles, dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle à Paris, l’article en analyse les formes d’écriture qui en ont construit leur autorité.
Lipopolysaccharide Clearance, Bacterial Clearance, and Systemic Inflammatory Responses Are Regulated by Cell Type–Specific Functions of TLR4 during Sepsis
Authors: Deng Meihong , Scott Melanie J. , Loughran Patricia , Gibson Gregory , Sodhi Chhinder , Watkins Simon , Hackam David , Billiar Timothy R. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The morbidity associated with bacterial sepsis is the result of host immune responses to pathogens, which are dependent on pathogen recognition by pattern recognition receptors, such as TLR4. TLR4 is expressed on a range of cell types, yet the mechanisms by which cell-specific functions of TLR4 lead to an integrated sepsis response are poorly understood. To address this, we generated mice in which TLR4 was specifically deleted from myeloid cells (LysMTLR4KO) or hepatocytes (HCTLR4KO) and then determined survival, bacterial counts, host inflammatory responses, and organ injury in a model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), with or without antibiotics. LysM-TLR4 was required for phagocytosis and efficient bacterial clearance in the absence of antibiotics. Survival, the magnitude of the systemic and local inflammatory responses, and liver damage were associated with bacterial levels. HCTLR4 was required for efficient LPS clearance from the circulation, and deletion of HCTLR4 was associated with enhanced macrophage phagocytosis, lower bacterial levels, and improved survival in CLP without antibiotics. Antibiotic administration during CLP revealed an important role for hepatocyte LPS clearance in limiting sepsis-induced inflammation and organ injury. Our work defines cell type–selective roles for TLR4 in coordinating complex immune responses to bacterial sepsis and suggests that future strategies for modulating microbial molecule recognition should account for varying roles of pattern recognition receptors in multiple cell populations.
Plasma Leptin Levels, LEPR Q223R Polymorphism and Mammographic Breast Density: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dallal Cher , Garte Seymour , Ragin Camille , Chen Jiangying , Lloyd Stacy , Modugno Francesmary , Weissfeld Joel , Taioli Emanuela 
Published: April 2013

Obesity is associated with breast cancer in postmenopausal women, and breast density is a marker of breast cancer risk. Leptin is produced by the adipose tissue, acts through receptors that are polymorphic in nature, and is considered a cancer growth factor. The relationship between body mass index, leptin, leptin receptors and breast density is not well studied. A cross-sectional analysis in 392 post-menopausal healthy women was conducted; participants provided permission to obtain copies of their most recent screening mammogram. Non-fasting plasma leptin levels were determined using a commercially available leptin ELISA kit. Analysis of the Q223R genotypes of the LEPR gene were performed by PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using DNA extracted from buffy coat samples. A statistically significant positive relationship was observed between leptin levels and body mass index (p<0.0001); leptin was significantly positively associated with mammography total breast area and non-dense breast area (p<0.0001), while it was inversely associated with percent breast density (p<0.0001). Leptin levels varied across the LEPR Q223R polymorphism, and were higher in women homozygous for the AA variant. Percent breast density decreased across the LEPR Q223R genotype, with lower percent density in women with the AA genotype. When dense area was considered according to quartiles of leptin and stratified by LEPR Q223R, a significant inverse trend between leptin levels and dense breast area was observed only among women with the G/G genotype (p-trend<0.001). After adjustment for possible confounders, leptin levels were significantly inversely associated with percent breast density (p=0.01). A significant interaction between body mass index and leptin levels on percent breast density was observed (p=0.03). These findings suggest that the association between leptin and breast density may vary by LEPR Q223R genotype, and that body mass index and leptin may act in an interactive way in determining breast density.
Mitigation of malathion's acute toxicity by four submersed macrophyte species
Authors: Brogan William R. , Relyea Rick A. 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

Some submersed macrophyte species rapidly sorb some insecticides from the water, potentially reducing exposure for aquatic species. The rates at which macrophytes remove insecticides, however, can differ widely among plant species. Furthermore, few studies have examined how much macrophytes actually influence insecticide toxicity to sensitive animals. The authors quantified the ability of several macrophyte species to mitigate insecticide toxicity by comparing the survival of the aquatic herbivore, Daphnia magna, following exposure to a factorial combination of 3 malathion concentrations (0 µg/L, 3 µg/L, and 24 µg/L) and 7 macrophyte treatments (no macrophytes, 4 different macrophyte monocultures, and 2 inert substrates: plastic plants and polypropylene rope). The authors also quantified the rate that different macrophytes reduced malathion's toxicity by exposing D. magna to water samples collected from each treatment after 2 h, 8 h, and 48 h of exposure. The results revealed that whereas 3 µg/L and 24 µg/L of malathion decimated D. magna in the no-macrophyte, plastic plant, and rope treatments, all 4 macrophyte species strongly mitigated these effects. When the authors compared the rate at which malathion's toxicity decreased, they found that all macrophytes negated malathion's toxicity within 2 h, whereas it took more than 8 h in the absence of macrophytes or in the presence of inert substrates. These results demonstrate that numerous macrophyte species can equally and strongly mitigate insecticide toxicity, whereas inert substrates cannot. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1535–1543. © 2013 SETAC
Life-history phenology strongly influences population vulnerability to toxicants: A case study with the mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum
Authors: Coulaud Romain , Mouthon Jacques , Quéau Hervé , Charles Sandrine , Chaumot Arnaud 
Published: April 2013

Abstract

One of the main objectives of ecological risk assessment is to evaluate the effects of toxicants on ecologically relevant biological systems such as populations or communities. However, the effects of toxicants are commonly measured on selected subindividual or individual endpoints due to their specificity against chemical stressors. Introducing these effects into population models is a promising way to predict impacts on populations. The models currently employed are very simplistic, and their environmental relevance needs to be improved to establish the ecological relevance of hazard assessment. The present study with the gastropod Potamopyrgus antipodarum combines a field experimental approach with a modeling framework. It clarifies the role played by seasonal variability of life-history traits in the population's vulnerability to the alteration of individual performance, potentially due to toxic stress. The present study comprised 3 steps: 1) characterization of the seasonal variability in life-history traits of a local population over 1 yr by using in situ experiments on caged snails, coupled with a demographic follow-up; 2) development of a periodic matrix population model that visualizes the monthly variability of population dynamics; and 3) simulation of the demographic consequences of an alteration in life-history traits (i.e., fertility, juvenile, and adult survival). The results revealed that demographic impacts strongly depend on the season when alterations of individual performance occur. Model analysis showed that this seasonal variability in population vulnerability is strongly related to the phenology of the population. The authors emphasize that improving the realism of population models is a major objective for ecological risk assessment, and that taking into account species phenology in modeling approaches should be a priority. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1727–1736. © 2013 SETAC
Insights into non‐Fickian solute transport in carbonates
Authors: Bijeljic Branko , Mostaghimi Peyman , Blunt Martin J. 
Published: April 2013

Key PointsTransport computed through micro‐CT images of six carbonate rocks is anomalousHighly anomalous transport is explained by the wide local velocity distributionThe effect of pore structure and Peclet number is quantified
Molecular chaperone TRAP1 regulates a metabolic switch between mitochondrial respiration and aerobic glycolysis
Authors: Yoshida Soichiro , Tsutsumi Shinji , Muhlebach Guillaume , Sourbier Carole , Lee Min-Jung , Lee Sunmin , Vartholomaiou Evangelia , Tatokoro Manabu , Beebe Kristin , Miyajima Naoto , Mohney Robert P. , Chen Yang , Hasumi Hisashi , Xu Wanping , Fukushima Hiroshi , Nakamura Ken , Koga Fumitaka , Kihara Kazunori , Trepel Jane , Picard Didier , Neckers Leonard 
Published: April 2013

Significance
TNF receptor-associated protein (TRAP1) is found predominantly in mitochondria. A possible direct impact of TRAP1 on mitochondrial metabolism remains unexplored. We used TRAP1-null cells and transient TRAP1 silencing/overexpression to show that TRAP1 regulates a metabolic switch between oxidative phosphorylation and aerobic glycolysis in immortalized mouse fibroblasts and in human tumor cells. TRAP1 deficiency promotes increased mitochondrial respiration, fatty acid oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, ATP and reactive oxygen species, while concomitantly suppressing glucose metabolism. TRAP1 deficiency also results in strikingly enhanced cell motility and invasiveness. TRAP1 interaction with and regulation of mitochondrial c-Src provide a mechanistic basis for these phenotypes.
Methotrexate/iatrogenic lymphoproliferative disorders in rheumatoid arthritis: histology, Epstein–Barr virus, and clonality are important predictors of disease progression and regression
Authors: Ichikawa Ayako , Arakawa Fumiko , Kiyasu Junichi , Sato Kensaku , Miyoshi Hiroaki , Niino Daisuke , Kimura Yoshizo , Takeuchi Masanori , Yoshida Maki , Ishibashi Yukinao , Nakashima Shinji , Sugita Yasuo , Miura Osamu , Ohshima Koichi 
Published: April 2013

AbstractObjectivesPatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may develop lymphoproliferative disorders (RA‐LPD). Immunosuppressive states due to methotrexate (MTX) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) reactivation have been regarded as causes. Sometimes spontaneous regression occurs after withdrawal of MTX. The objective of this study was to identify factors predictive of relapse and survival in patients with RA‐LPD, and spontaneous regression in patients with RA‐LPD treated with MTX (MTX‐LPD).MethodsWe evaluated the clinicopathological features, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes in 102 cases of RA‐LPD. In addition, EBV infection and clonality of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IGH) were analyzed by in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction, respectively.ResultsThe 102 cases included patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL; n = 53), Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 9), polymorphic B‐cell LPD (n = 20), reactive lymphadenitis (n = 11), peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL; n = 4), composite lymphoma (n = 2), and follicular lymphoma (n = 3). EBV was detected in 60% (56/93) of patients. Spontaneous regression occurred in 59% (28/47) of patients in whom MTX was withdrawn. Regression was associated with EBV positivity (P = 0.007) and non‐DLBCL (P = 0.006), but not with MTX amount and other clinical features. Monoclonal bands of IGH were observed in 31 of 74 cases. In patients with DLBCL, poor disease‐free survival (P = 0.05) was associated with clonality of IGH. In all patients, factors predictive of shorter survival were age (>70 yr) and histological type of DLBCL.ConclusionsHistology, EBV positivity, and monoclonality of IGH are useful for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with RA‐LPD.
Rapid screening of yeast mutants with reporters identifies new splicing phenotypes
Authors: Dreumont Natacha , Séraphin Bertrand 
Published: April 2013

Nuclear precursor mRNA splicing requires the stepwise assembly of a large complex, the spliceosome. Recent large‐scale analyses, including purification of splicing complexes, high‐throughput genetic screens and interactomic studies, have linked numerous factors to this dynamic process, including a well‐defined core conserved from yeast to human. Intriguingly, despite extensive studies, no splicing defects were reported for some of the corresponding yeast mutants. To resolve this paradox, we screened a collection of viable yeast strains carrying mutations in splicing‐related factors with a set of reporters including artificial constructs carrying competing splice sites. Previous analyses have indeed demonstrated that this strategy identifies yeast factors able to regulate alternative splicing and whose properties are conserved in human cells. The method, sensitive to subtle defects, revealed new splicing phenotypes for most analyzed factors such as the Urn1 protein. Interestingly, a mutant of PRP8 specifically lacking an N‐terminal proline‐rich region stimulated the splicing of a reporter containing competing branchpoint/3′ splice site regions. Thus, using appropriate reporters, yeast can be used to quickly delineate the effect of various factors on splicing and identify those with the propensity to regulate alternative splicing events.Structured digital abstract

Lsm8 physically interacts with Prp4, Prp24, Prp3, Prp6, Snu114, Brr2, Lsm4 and Prp8 by tandem affinity purification (View interaction)
Quality of life and satisfaction of patients after nonsurgical primary root canal treatment provided by undergraduate students, graduate students and endodontic specialists
Authors: Hamasha A. A. , Hatiwsh A. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractAim(i) To assess the impact of primary root canal treatment on the perceived quality of life amongst a cohort of Jordanian patients, (ii) to assess this cohort's satisfaction of their primary root canal treatment, and (iii) to evaluate the association of the level of training and experience of clinicians with these two parameters.MethodologyA systematic random sample of 302 subjects was selected from patients who attended undergraduate, graduate and specialty clinics of Jordan University of Science and Technology. Participants were interviewed before and two weeks after completion of root canal treatment. The study instrument included the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (Dugas et al. 2002) and seven semantic differential scales. Data analyses included descriptive statistics and nonparametric analyses.ResultsMore than 90% of subjects reported improvements in the sense of taste, pain, eating, altering food temperature, self‐consciousness, waking up during sleep, interruption of meals, difficulty to relax and difficulty to sleep after root canal treatment. There was no significant difference in terms of improvement amongst patients treated by specialists, graduate students or undergraduate students. The overall semantic differential score of intraoperative pain, pleasantness, chewing ability and general satisfaction was about 8. Satisfaction of root canal treatment by specialists was higher in terms of time involved, intraoperative pain, pleasantness and general satisfaction than those treatments by undergraduate students. Patients treated by specialist were least satisfied with the treatment cost compared to those patients treated by graduate or undergraduate students.ConclusionsThe impact of root canal treatment on the quality of life was apparent. Satisfaction with root canal treatment approximates 8 on the semantic differential scale with preference for specialists over dental students.
Growth Media Simulating Ileal and Colonic Environments Affect the Intracellular Proteome and Carbon Fluxes of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strain EDL933
Authors: Polzin Sabrina , Huber Claudia , Eylert Eva , Elsenhans Ines , Eisenreich Wolfgang , Schmidt Herbert 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

In this study, the intracellular proteome of
Escherichia coli
O157:H7 strain EDL933 was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) spectrometry after growth in simulated ileal environment media (SIEM) and simulated colonic environment media (SCEM) under aerobic and microaerobic conditions. Differentially expressed intracellular proteins were identified and allocated to functional protein groups. Moreover, metabolic fluxes were analyzed by isotopologue profiling with [U-
13
C
6
]glucose as a tracer. The results of this study show that EDL933 responds with differential expression of a complex network of proteins and metabolic pathways, reflecting the high metabolic adaptability of the strain. Growth in SIEM and SCEM is obviously facilitated by the upregulation of nucleotide biosynthesis pathway proteins and could be impaired by exposition to 50 ï¿½M 6-mercaptopurine under aerobic conditions. Notably, various stress and virulence factors, including Shiga toxin, were expressed without having contact with a human host.
Characterization of
bla
SHV
Genes on Plasmids from Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica Isolates from Canadian Food Animals (2006-2007)
Authors: Pouget Jennie G. , Coutinho Fiona J. , Reid-Smith Richard J. , Boerlin Patrick 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

bla
SHV
genes from
Escherichia coli
and
Salmonella enterica
isolates from chicken (
n
= 19) and pork (
n
= 1) were identified as
bla
SHV-2
(
n
= 5) or
bla
SHV-2a
(
n
= 15). Eighteen were on plasmids of the incI1 (
n
= 15), incP (
n
= 2), and incFIB (
n
= 1) incompatibility groups. These plasmids were all transferable by conjugation between
E. coli
and
S. enterica
.
Use of Antibody Responses against Locus of Enterocyte Effacement (LEE)-Encoded Antigens To Monitor Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Infections on Cattle Farms
Authors: Joris Maria-Adelheid , Vanrompay Daisy , Verstraete Karen , De Reu Koen , De Zutter Lieven , Cox Eric 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACT

Enterohemorrhagic
Escherichia coli
(EHEC) is a significant zoonotic pathogen causing severe disease associated with watery and bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) in humans. Infections are frequently associated with contact with EHEC-contaminated ruminant feces. Both natural and experimental infection of cattle induces serum antibodies against the LEE-encoded proteins intimin, EspA, EspB, and Tir and the Shiga toxins Stx1 and Stx2, although the latter are poorly immunogenic in cattle. We determined whether antibodies and/or the kinetics of antibody responses against intimin, Tir, EspA, and/or EspB can be used for monitoring EHEC infections in beef cattle herds in order to reduce carcass contamination at slaughter. We examined the presence of serum antibodies against recombinant O157:H7
E. coli
intimin EspA, EspB, and Tir during a cross-sectional study on 12 cattle farms and during a longitudinal time course study on two EHEC-positive cattle farms. We searched for a possible correlation between intimin, Tir, EspA, and/or EspB antibodies and fecal excretion of EHEC O157, O145, O111, O103, or O26 seropathotypes. The results indicated that serum antibody responses to EspB and EspA might be useful for first-line screening at the herd level for EHEC O157, O26, and most likely also for EHEC O103 infections. However, antibody responses against EspB are of less use for monitoring individual animals, since some EHEC-shedding animals did not show antibody responses and since serum antibody responses against EspB could persist for several months even when shedding had ceased.