bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deaths Involving Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) in Upper East Tennessee
Authors: Wright Trista H. , Cline‐Parhamovich Karen , Lajoie Dawn , Parsons Laura , Dunn Mark , Ferslew Kenneth E. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractTwo deaths involving 3, 4‐methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) are reported. MDPV is a synthetic cathinone stimulant found in “bath salts” with neurological and cardiovascular toxicity. Biological specimens were analyzed for MDPV by GC/MS and LC/MS. A White man was found dead with signs of nausea and vomiting after repeatedly abusing bath salts during a weekend binge. Femoral venous blood and urine had MDPV concentrations of 39 ng/mL and 760 ng/mL. The second fatality was a White man with a history of drug and bath salt abuse found dead at a scene in total disarray after exhibiting fits of anger and psychotic behavior. Femoral venous blood and urine had MDPV concentrations of 130 ng/mL and 3800 ng/mL. The blood and urine MDPV concentrations are within the reported recreational concentration ranges (blood 24–241 ng/mL and urine 34–3900 ng/mL). Both decedents’ deaths were attributed to relevant natural causes in a setting of MDPV abuse.
Engineering of recombinant Escherichia coli cells co‐expressing poly‐γ‐glutamic acid (γ‐PGA) synthetase and glutamate racemase for differential yielding of γ‐PGA
Authors: Cao Mingfeng , Geng Weitao , Zhang Wei , Sun Jibin , Wang Shufang , Feng Jun , Zheng Ping , Jiang Anna , Song Cunjiang 
Published: August 2013

SummaryPoly‐γ‐glutamic acid (γ‐PGA) is a promising environmental‐friendly material with outstanding water solubility, biocompatibility and degradability. However, it is tough to determine the relationship between functional synthetic enzyme and the strains' yield or substrate dependency. We cloned γ‐PGA synthetase genes pgsBCA and glutamate racemase gene racE from both L‐glutamate‐dependent γ‐PGA‐producing Bacillus licheniformis NK‐03 and L‐glutamate‐independent B. amyloliquefaciens LL3 strains. The deduced RacE and PgsA from the two strains shared the identity of 84.5% and 78.53%, while PgsB and PgsC possessed greater similarity with 93.13% and 93.96%. The induced co‐expression of pgsBCA and racE showed that the engineered Escherichia coli strains had the capacity of synthesizing γ‐PGA, and LL3 derived PgsBCA had higher catalytic activity and enhanced productivity than NK‐03 in Luria–Bertani medium containing glucose or L‐glutamate. However, the differential effect was weakened when providing sufficient immediateness L‐glutamate substrate, that is, the supply of substrate could be served as the ascendance upon γ‐PGA production. Furthermore, RacE integration could enhance γ‐PGA yield through improving the preferred d‐glutamate content. This is the first report about co‐expression of pgsBCA and racE from the two Bacillus strains, which will be of great value for the determination of the biosynthetic mechanism of γ‐PGA.
DNA barcoding of bark and ambrosia beetles reveals excessive NUMTs and consistent east‐west divergence across Palearctic forests
Authors: Jordal Bjarte H. , Kambestad Marius 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA comprehensive DNA barcoding library is very useful for rapid identification and detection of invasive pest species. We tested the performance of species identification in the economically most damaging group of wood‐boring insects – the bark and ambrosia beetles – with particular focus on broad geographical sampling across the boreal Palearctic forests. Neighbour‐joining and Bayesian analyses of cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequences from 151 species in 40 genera revealed high congruence between morphology‐based identification and sequence clusters. Inconsistencies with morphological identifications included the discovery of a likely cryptic Nearctic species of Dryocoetes autographus, the possible hybrid origin of shared mitochondrial haplotypes in Pityophthorus micrographus and P. pityographus, and a possible paraphyletic Xyleborinus saxeseni. The first record of Orthotomicus suturalis in North America was confirmed by DNA barcoding. The mitochondrial data also revealed consistent divergence across the Palearctic or Holarctic, confirmed in part by data from the large ribosomal subunit (28S). Some populations had considerable variation in the mitochondrial barcoding marker, but were invariant in the nuclear ribosomal marker. These findings must be viewed in light of the high number of nuclear insertions of mitochondrial DNA (NUMTs) detected in eight bark beetle species, suggesting the possible presence of additional cryptic NUMTs. The occurrence of paralogous COI copies, hybridization or cryptic speciation demands a stronger focus on data quality assessment in the construction of DNA barcoding databases.
Expression of VEGF‐D in epithelial ovarian cancer and its relationship to lymphatic metastasis
Authors: He Lixia , He Junyong , Zhao Xia 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAimTo investigate the contribution of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐D to tumor progression, tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer.MethodsThe expression profiles of VEGF‐D in 18 benign, 14 borderline and 87 malignant epithelial ovarian cancers were examined using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Lymphatic vessels were identified using IHC staining on lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor‐1 (LYVE‐1), which is a lymph‐specific receptor for hyaluronan in identifying lymphatic vessels. The potential correlation among VEGF‐D, lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and clinico‐pathological factors of the epithelial ovarian cancer was also analyzed.ResultsPositive IHC staining of VEGF‐D was observed in 17% of benign, 21% of borderline and 80% of malignant epithelial ovarian tumors specimens. In the epithelial ovarian cancer specimens, the LVD was 3.41 ± 2.37 in the VEGF‐D negative (17 patients), 5.42 ± 3.49 in the weak (26 patients), 7.22 ± 2.36 in the moderate (27 patients) and 7.35 ± 4.06 in the strong (17 patients) groups, respectively. Additionally, the expression of VEGF‐D was positively correlated with LVD (r = 0.415, P < 0.001). The expression level of VEGF‐D was significantly higher in lymph node‐positive epithelial ovarian cancer than in lymph node‐negative patients (P = 0.009, P < 0.05). The expression of VEGF‐D was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and tumor histological differentiation, but not with the patients' age or histology type.ConclusionVEGF‐D may play an important role in the process of lymphatic metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer.
Clinical evaluation of a first trimester algorithm predicting the risk of hypertensive disease of pregnancy
Authors: Park Felicity J. , Leung Constance H.Y. , Poon Leona C.Y. , Williams Paul F. , Rothwell Samantha J. , Hyett Jon A. 
Published: August 2013

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to validate the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) multiple logistic regression algorithm for prediction of risk of pre‐eclampsia in an Australian population. This model, which predicts risk using the population rate of pre‐eclampsia, a variety of demographic factors, mean maternal arterial blood pressure (MAP), uterine artery PI (UtA PI) and pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A (PAPP‐A), has been shown to predict early‐onset pre‐eclampsia (delivery prior to 34 weeks) in 95% of women at a 10% false‐positive rate.MethodsAll women who attended first trimester screening at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital had their body mass index (BMI), MAP and UtA PI assessed in addition to factors traditionally used to assess aneuploidy (including PAPP‐A MoM). After delivery, risks of early‐onset (delivery prior to 34 weeks) pre‐eclampsia, late pre‐eclampsia and gestational hypertension were calculated using the FMF risk algorithm.ResultsA total of 3099 women were screened and delivered locally. 3066 (98.9%) women had all data to perform pre‐eclampsia screening available. This included 3014 (98.3%) women with a live birth, where risks of early pre‐eclampsia were calculated. Twelve women were delivered before 34 weeks because of early pre‐eclampsia with a prevalence of early pre‐eclampsia of 1 in 256 pregnancies. Risks generated through the use of maternal history, MAP, UtA PI and PAPP‐A detected 41.7 and 91.7% of early pre‐eclampsia at a false‐positive rate of 5 and 10%, respectively.ConclusionsThis study shows that the FMF early pre‐eclampsia algorithm is effective in an Australian population.
Onset and persistence of respiratory/allergic symptoms in preschoolers: new insights from the PARIS birth cohort
Authors: Rancière F. , Nikasinovic L. , Bousquet J. , Momas I. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe natural course of childhood asthma and allergy is complex and not fully understood. We aimed to identify phenotypes based upon the time course of respiratory/allergic symptoms throughout preschool years.MethodsAs part of the PARIS cohort, symptoms of wheezing, dry night cough, rhinitis and dermatitis were collected annually from birth to age 4 years. K‐means clustering was used to group into phenotypes children with similar symptoms trajectories over the study period. Associations of phenotypes with IgE sensitization and risk factors were studied using multinomial logistic regression.ResultsBesides a group with low prevalence of symptoms considered as reference (n = 1236, 49.0%), four distinct respiratory/allergic phenotypes were identified: two transient [transient rhinitis phenotype (n = 295, 11.7%), transient wheeze phenotype (n = 399, 15.8%)], without any relation with IgE sensitization, and two persistent [cough/rhinitis phenotype (n = 284, 11.3%), dermatitis phenotype (n = 308, 12.2%)], associated with IgE sensitization. Transient rhinitis phenotype was only associated with tobacco smoke exposure, which could irritate the airways. Transient wheeze phenotype was related to male sex and contact with other children (older siblings, day care attendance). Lastly, risk factors for both IgE‐associated phenotypes encompassed parental history of allergy, potential exposure to allergens and stress, known to be associated with the development of allergic diseases.ConclusionThis study provides evidence for the existence of different respiratory/allergic phenotypes before school age. The fact that they differ in terms of sensitization and risk factors reinforces the plausibility of distinct phenotypes, potentially linked to irritation and infections for the transient phenotypes and to allergy for the persistent phenotypes.
Incidence of community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying Pantone‐Valentine leucocidin gene at a referral hospital in United Arab Emirates
Authors: Dash Nihar , Panigrahi Debadatta , Al Zarouni Mansour , Yassin Faten , Al‐Shamsi Moza 
Published: August 2013

Community‐acquired methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA‐MRSA) is an emerging pathogen in hospitalized patients worldwide. The present study was undertaken to identify CA‐MRSA in hospitalized patients in a 350‐bed tertiary care hospital in Sharjah, UAE over a 2‐year period from January 2011 to December 2012. CA‐MRSA was defined based on identification within first 48 h of admission in the hospital. Staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) mec typing of the CA‐MRSA isolates was carried out by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Detection of PVL and mecA genes was done by PCR using the GenoType® MRSA test system (Hain Lifescience). Patient's clinical data and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the CA‐MRSA isolates were also evaluated. Fifty seven of the 187 MRSA isolates were identified as CA‐MRSA. All the CA‐MRSA strains in our study belonged to SCCmecIV type and were positive for both PVL and mecA genes. The patients with CA‐MRSA infections were young (median age, 32 years) and the majority of infections involved the skin and soft tissue (36%). Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the CA‐MRSA isolates showed a better susceptibility profile to the non‐beta‐lactam antimicrobials with the exception of ciprofloxacin having 28% resistance. This study evidently strengthens the recent observation of an increase in CA‐MRSA emergence among hospitalized patients in the UAE.
Land reform, dispossession and new elites: A case study on coconut plantations in Davao Oriental, Philippines
Authors: Adam Jeroen 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis article elaborates on how agrarian social structures and relations have changed after redistributive land reform under the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) on coconut plantations in the province of Davao Oriental, Philippines. Three major arguments can be derived from this question. First, despite the objective of this land reform to transfer control over land and labour to poor agricultural workers, a majority of the coconut farmers are trapped in new forms of debt‐bondage and, as a result, are forced to transfer the rights over their resources and/or land. Second, a regional business elite has managed to obtain control over these lands and resources through all sorts of informal arrangements. Lastly, medium‐sized landed elites in coconut plantations have been disadvantaged because of CARP implementation since they became dispossessed from their sole form of economic power, land.
Seeking synergy between community and state‐based governance for biodiversity conservation: The role of Indigenous and Community‐Conserved Areas in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo
Authors: Vaz Justine , Agama Agnes Lee 
Published: August 2013

AbstractSabah in Malaysian Borneo contains a range of diverse ecosystems and some of the richest concentrations of biodiversity in the world. Yet the state's existing protected area network is too fragmented and of insufficient size to safeguard biodiversity in the long term. Experts have emphasised the need for a landscape level approach to shore up conservation areas through the creation of ecological corridors of compatible mixed use. In light of the 2003 Durban Accord which signalled a shift towards greater levels of community participation in conservation, this article features the efforts made by the state to explore the potential role of Indigenous and Community‐Conserved Areas (ICCAs) in strengthening biodiversity conservation. Selected case studies are used to showcase some of the ways ICCAs are already making important contributions to safeguarding ecological services and maintaining habitat connectivity in the state. Recognising the role of indigenous and local communities in sustaining Sabah's unique biocultural landscapes is a critical component of a long‐term approach to sustaining irreplaceable natural heritage. Sabah's legal framework actually contains sufficient provision for greater synergy between community and state‐based governance of biodiversity areas, yet aspects of Sabah's political economy must be addressed before this ideal can be realised.
Transformative practices: Imagining and enacting relationships in the context of resource development, the Argyle case
Authors: Doohan Kim 
Published: August 2013

AbstractFailure to recognise or acknowledge and respond to local cultural manifestations of Indigenous peoples' attempts to maintain or reassert themselves in spaces of intercultural engagement in resource management denies the power of their own cultural foundations and principles. This paper reviews experience of informal negotiations at the Argyle Diamond Mine in Western Australia. It argues that giving careful consideration to specific cultural practices and processes associated with place and the social relations these practices engender facilitates development of transforming practices that change outcomes.
The prevalence of late‐life mania: a review
Authors: Dols Annemiek , Kupka Ralph W , van Lammeren Anouk , Beekman Aartjan T , Sajatovic Martha , Stek Max L 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesSince there is a worldwide steady increase in the number of individuals living longer and an expected increase in the number of older adults who will be diagnosed with bipolar disorder, there is a growing need to better understand late‐life mania. We provide in this review a report of published studies focusing on the prevalence of late‐life mania in the community and in senior psychiatric care facilities.MethodsWe conducted a search of PubMed and Psychinfo databases using combinations of the keywords bipolar, manic/a, manic depression, elderly, and older including English‐language reports presenting quantitative data on the prevalence of mania in adults over the age of 50 years.ResultsEighteen out of 188 potentially eligible studies met our inclusion criteria, with most studies focusing on psychiatric inpatient samples. The overall prevalence of late‐life mania was estimated to be 6.0% in the reported 1,519 older psychiatric inpatients. In elderly inpatients with bipolar disorder, the mean prevalence of late‐onset mania was 44.2%. For other relevant care facilities, no firm conclusions could be drawn.ConclusionsLate‐life mania is not rare in older psychiatric inpatients and late‐onset mania is associated with increased somatic comorbidity in patients aged 50 years and older. Several hypotheses regarding the relationship between somatic illness and late‐life mania in the elderly have been proposed and studies on this relationship and the prevalence of late‐life mania in different senior psychiatric care facilities deserve specific attention in future research projects.
Does it always feel good to get what you want? Young children differentiate between material and wicked desires
Authors: Smith Craig E. , Warneken Felix 
Published: August 2013

One line of research on children's attributions of guilt suggests that 3‐year‐olds attribute negative emotion to self‐serving victimizers, slightly older children attribute happiness, and with increasing age, attributions become negative again (i.e., a three‐step model;Yuillet al., 1996,Br.J.Dev.Psychol.,14, 457). Another line of research provides reason to expect that 3‐year‐olds may be predisposed to view self‐serving moral transgression as leading to positive emotion; this is a linear developmental model in which emotion attributions to transgressors become increasingly negative over the course of childhood (e.g.,Nunner‐Winkler &Sodian, 1988,ChildDev.,59, 1323). However, key differences in methodology make it difficult to compare across these findings. The present study was designed to address this problem. We asked how 3‐ to 9‐year‐old children (n = 111) reason about transgression scenarios that involve satisfyingwicked desires(wanting to cause harm and doing so successfully) versusmaterial desires(wanting an object and getting it successfully via harmful behaviour). Three‐year‐old children reasoned differently about desire and emotion across these two types of transgressions, attributing negative emotion in the case of wicked desires and positive emotion in the case of material desires. This pattern of emotion attribution by young children provides new information about how young children process information about desires and emotions in the moral domain, and it bridges a gap in the existing literature on this topic.
ICT‐supported learning for inclusion of people with special needs: Review of seven educational technology journals, 1970–2011
Authors: Istenic Starcic Andreja , Bagon Spela 
Published: August 2013

AbstractResearch and development of information and communication technology (ICT)‐supported learning for people with disabilities has not received adequate attention. It is also difficult to access research findings and developments in this field. Under the ENABLE Network of ICT Supported Learning for Disabled People (2011–2014) project, an emerging European Union reference point portal for end‐users will provide this information for a broad audience. In the design phase of the project idea, the authors of this paper conducted a review of papers indexed in Web of Science to provide a needs assessment and a design template for the project objectives. The results of the search clearly showed that ICT‐supported learning for people with special educational needs is in the domain of the educational technology journals, with more papers published in the British Journal of Educational Technology than in any other journal. This paper presents the results of a content analysis of all papers published from 1970 to 2011 in seven educational technology journals indexed in Web of Science. More papers were published from 2006 to 2011 (44.7%) than during any other of five periods examined. Findings in terms of ICT intervention, disability groups, groups of study participants by relationship with ICT, and research design, together with trends in published studies in terms of mainstreaming and inclusion, are presented. The main objective of the study was to identify the level of inclusion through analysis of educational context (special schools [30.51%], mainstream schools [28.81%] and general support for life [40.68%]). Based on content analysis, ICT interventions were classified into the two categories of technical intervention in the pedagogical context (62.71% of all papers published) and technical intervention in the wider context (37.29% of all papers published), with nine paper types identified: papers on ICT access, papers on teaching and learning methods, papers on development and testing of ICT solutions, reviews, assessments, papers on inclusion, papers on behavioural and social development, papers on use of information technology and papers on interaction. Papers were also categorised according to types of disability and according to groups of study participants by relationship with ICT. Published papers were divided into four categories by research design: descriptive (49.15%), developmental (26.27%), experimental (17.8%), and developmental and experimental (6.78%). During the period from 1970 to 2000, papers examined design of learning materials with regard to particular categories of disability and particular accessibility needs, while papers published after 2000 also discussed universal design.Based on the review, the authors of this paper have identified a need for application of universal design principles in research and development of learning environments to provide equal accessibility and inclusive education.
Influence of Terrestrial Molluscs on Litter Decomposition and Nutrient Release in a Hawaiian Rain Forest
Authors: Meyer Wallace M. , Ostertag Rebecca , Cowie Robert H. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe roles of terrestrial molluscs in many important ecosystem processes are largely unknown, particularly in tropical forests. It has been suggested from studies in temperate forests that snails/slugs contribute to litter decomposition directly (by their own metabolism) and/or indirectly (by habitat modification enhancing micro‐arthropod or microbial activity). Forty‐two mesocosms were established at seven Hawaiian rain forest sites to examine the role of the five most abundant snail/slug species: the nativeSuccinea cepulla, and the non‐nativeArion intermedius,Deroceras laeve,Oxychilus alliarius, andLimax maximus. Controls had no snails/slugs. To assess the contribution of each mollusc species separately, decomposition experiments were conducted in mesocosms containing litter bags and manipulated field densities of the mollusc species. Presence of molluscs increased litter decomposition rates, which were strongly correlated with mollusc biomass. While rates of release of some nutrients (C, K, Mg, and Mn) differed among treatments, multivariate analyses indicated that the different mollusc species influenced nutrient release in a similar way. No increases in smaller invertebrate abundances were observed in treatments containing molluscs, indicating that molluscs do not facilitate smaller invertebrate recruitment and probably influence these ecosystem processes primarily by microbe facilitation. If a major functional role of terrestrial molluscs is to facilitate microbial growth, then maintaining adequate mollusc biomass may be essential for maintaining healthy functioning ecosystems.