bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modern multiligament knee injury surgical reconstruction techniques can achieve excellent knee function and patient satisfaction, with low complication rates
Authors: Mayne Alistair I. W. , Ebert Jay R. , Edwards Peter K. , Davies Peter S. E. , Evans Robert , Aujla Randeep S. , Malik Shahbaz S. , Grant Michael J. , Dalgleish Stephen , Gohil Satyen , D'Alessandro Peter 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeTo report on the recovery of strength and functional capacity symmetry following multiligament knee surgical reconstruction (MLKR), as well as the capacity of athletes to return to sport.MethodsThis prospective cohort study recruited 47 patients undergoing MLKR between February 2018 and July 2021. Forty patients had full outcome assessment postoperatively at 6, 12 and 24 months and were included in the analysis, 75% were knee dislocation one injuries and 60% were injured playing sport. Patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) assessed included the International Knee Documentation Committee score, the Knee Outcome Survey, the Lysholm Knee Score and the Tegner Activity Scale (TAS). Patient satisfaction was also assessed. Objective assessment included assessment of active knee flexion and extension range of motion (ROM), the single (single horizontal hop for distance [SHD]) and triple (triple horizontal hop for distance [THD]) hop tests for distance and peak isokinetic knee flexor/extensor torque.ResultsAll PROMs significantly improved (p < 0.001) from presurgery to 24 months postsurgery. At 24 months, 70% of patients were satisfied with their sports participation. Active knee flexion (p < 0.0001) and extension (p < 0.0001) ROM significantly improved over time, as did the limb symmetry indices (LSIs) for the SHD (p < 0.0001), THD (p < 0.0001), peak knee extensor (p < 0.0001) and flexor (p = 0.012) torque. While LSIs for the SHD, THD and knee flexor strength tended to plateau by 12 months, knee extensor strength continued to improve from 12 to 24 months.ConclusionsThe majority of patients undergoing modern MLKR surgical techniques and rehabilitation can achieve excellent knee function, with low complication rates.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
The deltoid ligament complex is reliably visualised as four fascicles in two layers with 3D volumetric MRI in the ankles of 20 asymptomatic volunteers
Authors: Fernandez Miguel A. , Lee Justin , Calder James , Katakura Mai , Jones Mary , Dalmau‐Pastor Miki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThe anatomy of the deltoid ligament is complex. There is agreement on the presence of superficial and deep layers but the number and frequency of fascicles remains controversial. Identifying injuries to specific components of the deltoid ligament may inform decision‐making on their management. The anatomy was reviewed to establish the number and dimension of fascicles visible with three‐dimensional (3D) volumetric magnetic resonance images (MRI).MethodsTwenty ankles from asymptomatic healthy volunteers were imaged with 3D volumetric MRI. The presence of individual fascicles was recorded and measured in 3D.ResultsThe median age of participants was 26 years (range: 20–37) of which 13 (65%) were female. All 20 ankles had a deltoid ligament formed of four fascicles in two layers: three fascicles in the superficial layer; tibionavicular (mean dimensions 22.5 × 10.0 × 2.4 mm), tibiospring (16.6 × 6.7 × 1.9 mm) and tibiocalcaneal (23.8 × 4.6 × 1.8 mm) and a deep layer consisting of the tibiotalar fascicle, which could be divided into two parts: anterior tibiotalar (mean dimensions 10 × 5.6 × 4.1 mm) and the significantly larger posterior tibiotalar (14.2 × 13.8 × 17.5 mm, p < 0.01). There were no additional fascicles observed.ConclusionsThe deltoid ligament complex was consistently visualised as four fascicles (tibionavicular, tibiospring, tibiocalcaneal, tibiotalar) in two layers (superficial and deep) in all 20 ankles. The posterior part of the tibiotalar fascicle was the thickest of all the fascicles in the deltoid ligament. It is, therefore, possible to accurately identify the components of the deltoid ligament, and 3T MRI can be used to assess fascicle‐specific injury, which will guide treatment and rehabilitation.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Delayed Facial Nerve Dysfunction Following CyberKnife® Radiosurgery for Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: Johns J. Dixon , Ahn Peter H. , Rashid Abdul X. , Conroy Dylan R. , Chisolm Paul F. , Kim H. Jeffrey 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveThe incidence and risk factors for facial nerve dysfunction (FND) following CyberKnife® therapy for vestibular schwannoma (VS) remain poorly understood. This study investigates whether differential radiation doses to vulnerable segments of the facial nerve may be associated with FND outcomes.MethodsPatients were identified who underwent CyberKnife® radiosurgery for VS at a single institution. Basic demographics, tumor characteristics, and facial nerve function were collected. Total radiation doses to tumor, internal auditory canal (IAC), and labyrinthine segment of facial nerve (LSFN) were evaluated.ResultsSix out of 64 patients experienced FND following CyberKnife® treatment for VS (9.38%, 6/64). Patients with FND were compared to those without FND (control). Of the 64 patients, complete radiation records were obtained for 30 patients (6 FND vs. 24 control). There were no significant differences in demographic or tumor characteristics between control and FND cohorts. More severe FND (HB ≥ 4) had significantly larger tumors (3.74 vs. 1.27 cm3, p = 0.037) with directionally decreased time to FND (3.50 vs. 33.5 months, p = 0.106) than patients with HB < 4, respectively. There were directionally, nonsignificant differences between maximum radiation doses to the LSFN (2492.4 vs. 2557.0 cGy, p = 0.121) and IAC (2877.3 vs. 2895.5 cGy, p = 0.824) between the control and FND cohorts, respectively.ConclusionsFND may represent an underrecognized sequelae of CyberKnife® radiosurgery for VS that can occur many months following treatment. Further studies are needed to elucidate the effect of differential radiation exposure to the facial nerve with FND following treatment.Level of Evidence3 (Retrospective Cohort Study) Laryngoscope, 134:5080–5086, 2024
Insight into the spatial nature of the urban sprawl phenomenon in European capitals
Authors: Grabowska Wiktoria , Kukulska‐Kozieł Anita , Noszczyk Tomasz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis research provides a brief insight into the spatial nature of urban sprawl in functional urban areas (FUAs) of European capitals, as opposed to most investigations into urban growth that focus on case studies. Its purpose is to identify European capitals that grow the most and characterize the spatial aspect of urban sprawl and dynamics of ensuing land‐cover change between 2006, 2012, and 2018. We employed open data from the Urban Atlas, which we processed with spatial analyses and the NUASI (Normalized Urban Atlas Sprawl Indicator) to quantify the scale of urban sprawl in the investigated areas. The results demonstrate the most dynamic growth for Central and Eastern European and Iberian Peninsula capitals, while it seems to be slowing down in other Western European and Balkan countries. Moreover, we found out that FUAs of European capitals differ in terms of the scale and pace of uncontrolled urban sprawl. The results of our comparative analyses are relevant to urban development because they can identify areas exhibiting various scales and paces of urban sprawl to take targeted actions depending on the needs defined by decision‐makers and strategies.
Nonendemic rhinoscleroma: An unusual manifestation of the trachea
Authors: Celidonio Joseph , Bahethi Rohini , Malhotra Raj , Sangappa Suchitra , Kaye Rachel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesRhinoscleroma is classically described as a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis which primarily affects the nose and nasopharynx. When present, tracheal manifestations will be seen late in the disease course rather than on initial presentation. We describe a rare case of nonendemic rhinoscleroma that presented with tracheal lesions as an initial manifestation of disease.MethodsCase report and literature review.ResultsAn 88‐year‐old male presented with longstanding dysphonia. Flexible laryngoscopy demonstrated a septal perforation and diffuse glottic lesions. CT neck demonstrated a nonobstructive polypoid tracheal lesion and mucosal thickening of the paranasal sinuses. Biopsy confirmed an atypical lympho‐histiocytic proliferation and microorganisms within macrophages on Grocott methenamine silver and Steiner stains consistent with rhinoscleroma. He was referred for rheumatology and pulmonology consultation.ConclusionSystemic diseases rarely affect the trachea, and even less frequently is a tracheal lesion identified as the initial manifestation of disease. The most common systemic diseases that affect the trachea include relapsing polychondritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, amyloidosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. The literature surrounding nasolaryngotracheal rhinoscleroma is limited, especially in nonendemic areas. It is necessary to include unusual etiologies of airway lesions in the differential diagnosis, which warrants comprehensive airway evaluation including biopsy.Level of Evidence4.
Integrated Resonant Electro‐Optic Comb Enabled by Platform‐Agnostic Laser Integration
Authors: Luntadila Lufungula Isaac , Shams‐Ansari Amirhassan , Renaud Dylan , Op de Beeck Camiel , Cuyvers Stijn , Poelman Stijn , Billet Maximilien , Roelkens Gunther , Lončar Marko , Kuyken Bart 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe field of integrated photonics has significantly impacted numerous fields including communication, sensing, and quantum physics owing to the efficiency, speed, and compactness of its devices. However, the reliance on off‐chip bulk lasers compromises the compact nature of these systems. While silicon photonics and III‐V platforms have established integrated laser technologies, emerging demands for ultra‐low optical loss, wider bandgaps, and optical nonlinearities necessitate other platforms. Developing integrated lasers on less mature platforms is arduous and costly due to limited throughput or unconventional process requirements. In response, a novel platform‐agnostic laser integration technique is proposed, utilizing a singular design and process flow, applicable without modification to a diverse range of platforms. Leveraging a two‐step micro‐transfer printing method, nearly identical laser performance is achieved across platforms with refractive indices between 1.7 and 2.5. Experimental validation demonstrates strikingly similar laser characteristics between devices processed on lithium niobate and silicon nitride platforms. Furthermore, the integration of a laser with a resonant electro‐optic comb generator on the thin‐film lithium niobate platform is showcased, producing over 80 comb lines spanning 12 nm. This versatile technique transcends platform‐specific limitations, facilitating applications like microwave photonics, handheld spectrometers, and cost‐effective Lidar systems, across multiple platforms.
Functional Impact of the FADS1 rs174546 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism on Serum Lipid Levels: Insights from Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives in Korean Population
Authors: Lee Kyun‐Hee , Kim Soon‐Hee , Park Sunmin , Jang Hyun‐Jun , Kim Min Jung , Yang Hye Jeong , Hur Haeng Jeon , Kim Jin Hee , Kim Myung‐Sunny 
Published: July 2024

ScopeSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene is suggested as risk factor of metabolic diseases in genome‐wide association studies (GWAS). This study hypothesized that FADS1_rs174546T associates with serum triglycerides (TG) in Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). In addition, functional study of SNP genotypes in cultured cells is performed.Methods and resultsFADS1_rs174546T is associated with high level of serum TG (effect size of variant: 6.48 ± 1.84 mg dL−1) in Korean individuals (normotriglyceridemia, n = 5128; hypertriglyceridemia, n = 3714). Functional study in cells with FADS1_rs174546T, shows reduced transcriptional activity, when compared with rs174546C. MiR‐6728‐3p, which is predicted to bind with rs174546T, decreases transcriptional activity of rs174546T but not in rs174546C, and it is reversed by miR‐6728‐3p inhibitor. Formononetin is selected as binding molecule to 3′‐UTR of FADS1 and increases luciferase activity in both rs174546 (C/T). Moreover, formononetin compensates for the reduced luciferase activity by rs174546T and miR‐6728‐3p. Formononetin also increases endogenous FADS1 expression and long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC‐PUFA) ratio.ConclusionFADS1_rs174546T is a crucial risk factor for hypertriglyceridemia in the Koreans potentially through the interaction with miR‐6728‐3p. Formononetin can be a potent dietary intervention to prevent and improve hypertriglyceridemia in both rs174546 (C/T) populations.
Measuring psychological distress using the 12‐item general health questionnaire and the six‐item Kessler psychological distress scale. Psychometric comparison and equipercentile equating of the two scales
Authors: Lundin Andreas , Muwonge Joseph Junior , Lalouni Maria , Åhlén Johan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to examine if the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)‐12 and Kessler 6 (K6) assess the same underlying construct and to develop a score conversion table for the two scales.MethodsA random sample of 4303 people who completed both the GHQ‐12 and K6 in 2021 were analyzed. Exploratory bifactor analysis evaluated if both scales measured the same construct, and Rasch analysis assessed item severities. The scales were transformed using Equipercentile equivalence for comparability and score conversion. Agreement was estimated with Cohen's Kappa coefficient, along with raw positive and negative agreement.ResultsWe found that the two scales measure the same phenomenon to the extent that they can be made equivalent. Conversion tables between GHQ‐12 and K6 are presented. Applying the commonly used cut‐off of ≥3 on the GHQ‐12 bi‐modal scoring, we found that the best corresponding cut‐off on the K6 would be ≥8. The prevalence of psychological distress was then 22% with GHQ‐12% and 21% with K6.ConclusionsThe GHQ‐12 and K6 measure the same construct and corresponding cut‐off scores on one scale were found for the other scale. This is valuable for longitudinal studies or time series where one scale has replaced the other scale.
Multi‐scale mechanics of polydisperse granular materials: From micro‐scale and wave propagation experiments to DEM analysis
Authors: Reddy Nallala S. C. , He Huan , Senetakis Kostas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a multiscale experimental study integrated with numerical simulations examining the mechanics of polydisperse granular mixtures composed of coarse‐grained particles mixed with varying percentages of fines. The study includes macroscale wave propagation tests using bender elements on isotopically compressed granular samples to investigate the stiffness variation with changes in size ratio (SR) and fines content (FC). Empirical equations were developed to predict stiffness based on the experimental data, using the concept of equivalent void ratio to represent the influence of void ratio on stiffness. A newly introduced parameter called size disparity indicator was used to consider the coupled effects of size disparity and fines content on stiffness. Microscale assessment of the individual contacting grains revealed that stiffness (at grain scale) is affected by changes in grain size, even when the SR is less than 6, however, the experimental observations of the shear modulus behavior from the macroscale test results reveal minimal effect of FC. Furthermore, numerical simulations using the discrete element method were conducted on the polydisperse granular mixtures to demonstrate the coupled effect of SR and FC on the structural matrix formation, thereby influencing the force transfer among contacts resulting in varying stiffness behavior. Our findings provide valuable insights into the behavior of polydisperse granular mixtures in engineering applications.
Cerebellar functional connectivity relates to lower urinary tract function: A 7 Tesla study
Authors: Mazeaud Charles , Bernard Jessica A. , Salazar Betsy H. , Su Johnny , Karmonik Christof , Khavari Rose 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study is to explore the functional connectivity (FC) of the cerebellum during the storage phase of micturition, through detecting spontaneous blood‐oxygen‐level dependent signal between the cerebellum and different brain regions using a high‐resolution 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner.Materials and MethodsWe recruited healthy individuals with no reported history of neurological disease or lower urinary tract (LUT) symptoms. Participants were asked to drink 500 mL of water and then empty their bladders before entering the MRI scanner. They underwent a T1‐weighted anatomical scan, followed by an initial (8 min) empty bladder resting state functional MRI (rs‐fMRI) acquisition. Once subjects felt the desire to void, a second rs‐fMRI scan was obtained, this time with a full bladder state. We established a priori cerebellar regions of interest from the literature to perform seed‐to‐voxel analysis using nonparametric statistics based on the Threshold Free Cluster Enhancement method and utilized a voxel threshold of p < 0.05.ResultsTwenty individuals (10 male and 10 female) with a median age of 25 years (IQR [3.5]) participated in the study. We placed 31 different 4‐mm spherical seeds throughout the cerebellum and assessed their FC with the remainder of the brain. Three of these (left cerebellar tonsil, right posterolateral lobe, right posterior lobe) showed significant differences in connectivity when comparing scans conducted with a full bladder to those with an empty bladder. Additionally, we observed sex differences in FC, with connectivity being higher in women during the empty bladder condition.ConclusionOur initial findings reveal, for the first time, that the connectivity of the cerebellar network is modulated by bladder filling and is associated with LUT function. Unraveling the cerebellum's role in bladder function lays the foundation for a more comprehensive understanding of urinary pathologies affecting this area.
Tuned exchange imaging: Can the filter exchange imaging pulse sequence be adapted for applications with thin slices and restricted diffusion?
Authors: Lasič Samo , Chakwizira Arthur , Lundell Henrik , Westin Carl‐Fredrik , Nilsson Markus 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFilter exchange imaging (FEXI) is a double diffusion‐encoding (DDE) sequence that is specifically sensitive to exchange between sites with different apparent diffusivities. FEXI uses a diffusion‐encoding filtering block followed by a detection block at varying mixing times to map the exchange rate. Long mixing times enhance the sensitivity to exchange, but they pose challenges for imaging applications that require a stimulated echo sequence with crusher gradients. Thin imaging slices require strong crushers, which can introduce significant diffusion weighting and bias exchange rate estimates. Here, we treat the crushers as an additional encoding block and consider FEXI as a triple diffusion‐encoding sequence. This allows the bias to be corrected in the case of multi‐Gaussian diffusion, but not easily in the presence of restricted diffusion. Our approach addresses challenges in the presence of restricted diffusion and relies on the ability to independently gauge sensitivities to exchange and restricted diffusion for arbitrary gradient waveforms. It follows two principles: (i) the effects of crushers are included in the forward model using signal cumulant expansion; and (ii) timing parameters of diffusion gradients in filter and detection blocks are adjusted to maintain the same level of restriction encoding regardless of the mixing time. This results in the tuned exchange imaging (TEXI) protocol. The accuracy of exchange mapping with TEXI was assessed through Monte Carlo simulations in spheres of identical sizes and gamma‐distributed sizes, and in parallel hexagonally packed cylinders. The simulations demonstrate that TEXI provides consistent exchange rates regardless of slice thickness and restriction size, even with strong crushers. However, the accuracy depends on b‐values, mixing times, and restriction geometry. The constraints and limitations of TEXI are discussed, including suggestions for protocol adaptations. Further studies are needed to optimize the precision of TEXI and assess the approach experimentally in realistic, heterogeneous substrates.
The relationship between general self‐efficacy and nursing practice competence for second‐year nurses: Empirical quantitative research
Authors: Tomita Ryozo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo examine the relationship between general self‐efficacy and nursing practice competence for nurses in the second year of employment.DesignA cross‐sectional design was used.Data SourcesThe study included 596 nurses in their second year of employment at 75 medical facilities across Japan and used an online questionnaire survey for data collection.ResultsThe covariance structure analysis showed the path from general self‐efficacy (latent variable) to nursing practice competence. Positive correlations were found between all factors on both scales. Multiple regression analysis results showed that the general self‐efficacy factors of ‘positivity in behavior’ and ‘confidence in social competence’ affect nursing practice competence.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the importance of enhancing the general self‐efficacy of second‐year nurses to improve their nursing practice competence. To achieve this, it suggests developing strategies from the perspective of the factors that comprise general self‐efficacy.Implications for the Profession and Patient CareThe findings suggest that improving general self‐efficacy can enhance nursing practice competence, which could inform the development of interventions to support nurses in improving their competence. The study provides basic data for improving nurses' practice competence.ImpactThis study is the first to establish a relationship between general self‐efficacy and nursing practice competence among second‐year nurses. It demonstrates the significance of general self‐efficacy in enhancing nursing practice competence, particularly for second‐year nurses worldwide who may be struggling with their nursing practice competence and considering leaving the profession. The findings offer practical implications for stakeholders involved in nursing education and training programs, with potential applications in professional development.Reporting MethodThis manuscript adheres to the STROBE guidelines for the reporting of cross‐sectional studies.Patient or Public ContributionThere was no patient or public contribution.