bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paradoxical puzzles of control and circuits of power
Authors: Oliveira João , Clegg Stewart 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to clarify a paradox in an organisation: in the past, formally powerful “central” actors confronted important limitations in their relations with formally less powerful actors. However, three innovations – the financial accounting module of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, a corporate centre (CC) and a shared services centre (SSC) – substantially changed and re-centred network power relations. The authors adopt a critical discourse to explain this paradox, contributing to the emerging literature on SSCs and bridging the management control and power literatures.Design/methodology/approach– An in-depth, processual, actor-network theory-inspired three-year case study of a large Portuguese manufacturer.Findings– As the intertwined accounting-related innovations were (re)mobilised by actors, dynamically adjusting to unfolding repercussions, control and power effects emerged, enabling enhanced organisational steering.Research limitations/implications– Based on a single case, this paper highlights effects of managerial technologies, in particular ERPs and SSCs, on control and power relations, and refines Clegg’s model for future research.Practical implications– The transactional, low value-added activities typically performed by SSCs should not lead to underestimating their potentially profound organisational consequences. However, the surrounding socio-technical network is decisive for the emerging, inter-related repercussions.Originality/value– This paper explains the relative capacity of actors to influence the practices and configuration of the organisational network structurally, fixing power relations within the socio-technical network through innovations in the accounting area, in particular ERPs and SSCs. By revising Clegg’s circuits of power framework, this paper contributes to understanding possibilities and limits of accounting techniques in management control procedures.
Field testing of modular borehole monitoring with simultaneous distributed acoustic sensing and geophone vertical seismic profiles at Citronelle, Alabama
Authors: Daley T.M. , Miller D.E. , Dodds K. , Cook P. , Freifeld B.M. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTA modular borehole monitoring concept has been implemented to provide a suite of well‐based monitoring tools that can be deployed cost effectively in a flexible and robust package. The initial modular borehole monitoring system was deployed as part of a CO2 injection test operated by the Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership near Citronelle, Alabama. The Citronelle modular monitoring system transmits electrical power and signals, fibre‐optic light pulses, and fluids between the surface and a reservoir. Additionally, a separate multi‐conductor tubing‐encapsulated line was used for borehole geophones, including a specialized clamp for casing clamping with tubing deployment. The deployment of geophones and fibre‐optic cables allowed comparison testing of distributed acoustic sensing. We designed a large source effort (>64 sweeps per source point) to test fibre‐optic vertical seismic profile and acquired data in 2013. The native measurement in the specific distributed acoustic sensing unit used (an iDAS from Silixa Ltd) is described as a localized strain rate. Following a processing flow of adaptive noise reduction and rebalancing the signal to dimensionless strain, improvement from repeated stacking of the source was observed. Conversion of the rebalanced strain signal to equivalent velocity units, via a scaling by local apparent velocity, allows quantitative comparison of distributed acoustic sensing and geophone data in units of velocity. We see a very good match of uncorrelated time series in both amplitude and phase, demonstrating that velocity‐converted distributed acoustic sensing data can be analyzed equivalent to vertical geophones. We show that distributed acoustic sensing data, when averaged over an interval comparable to typical geophone spacing, can obtain signal‐to‐noise ratios of 18 dB to 24 dB below clamped geophones, a result that is variable with noise spectral amplitude because the noise characteristics are not identical. With vertical seismic profile processing, we demonstrate the effectiveness of downgoing deconvolution from the large spatial sampling of distributed acoustic sensing data, along with improved upgoing reflection quality. We conclude that the extra source effort currently needed for tubing‐deployed distributed acoustic sensing vertical seismic profile, as part of a modular monitoring system, is well compensated by the extra spatial sampling and lower deployment cost as compared with conventional borehole geophones.
Permeability dependence of streaming potential coefficient in porous media
Authors: Thanh Luong Duy , Sprik Rudolf 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTIn theory, the streaming potential coefficient depends not only on the zeta potential but also on the permeability of the rocks that partially determines the surface conductivity of the rocks. However, in practice, it is hard to show the permeability dependence of streaming potential coefficients because of the variation of zeta potential from sample to sample. To study permeability dependence of streaming potential, including the effects of the variation of the zeta potential and surface conductance due to the difference in mineral compositions between samples, we perform measurements on 12 consolidated samples, including natural and artificial samples saturated with 7 different NaCl solutions to determine the streaming potential coefficients. The results have shown that the streaming potential coefficients strongly depend on the permeability of the samples for low fluid conductivity. When the fluid conductivity is larger than than 0.50 S/m for the natural samples or 0.25 S/m for the artificial ceramic samples, the streaming potential coefficient is independent of permeability. This behavior is quantitatively explained by a theoretical model.
Post‐Democratic Party Politics
Authors: Dommett Katharine 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn recent years many scholars have diagnosed a crisis of party politics. This article considers recent changes in the UK and Europe that appear to challenge this idea. Exploring Colin Crouch's notion of ‘post‐democratic’ party politics and considering his diagnosis of shifts in parties' agenda setting, organisation and communication, the article considers evidence of post‐democratic politics and the possibility for future renewal.
Online interprofessional education in dietetic students
Authors: Evans Sherryn , Ward Catherine , Margerison Claire 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAimThe need for dietetic students to develop interprofessional collaborative practice capabilities is well recognised. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of an online interprofessional education (IPE) unit (using asynchronous and synchronous media) to improve dietetic students' confidence in understanding professional roles and attitudes associated with interprofessional practice along with exploring their experience in the unit.MethodsFinal year master of dietetic students undertaking a compulsory online unit in IPE were invited to complete a questionnaire examining their confidence in understanding professional roles and their interprofessional attitudes both pre‐ and post‐delivery of the unit, and to participate in semi‐structured telephone interviews to explore their experience in the unit.ResultsThirty‐five dietetic students completed the questionnaire pre‐ and post‐unit, along with seven students undertaking a telephone interview. Their confidence in understanding the roles of other health professions (P = 0.000 to 0.014), self‐assessment of interprofessional communication and teamwork skills (P = 0.002) and attitudes towards interprofessional interaction (P = 0.001) and interprofessional relationships (P = 0.002) increased significantly from pre‐ to post‐unit. The students articulated positives about the experience (flexibility of the delivery, opportunity to reflect on personal factors related to teamwork, increasing their knowledge of other professions) and some challenges (lack of body language, some technological difficulties, the need for regular contribution to the teams' asynchronous discussion boards).ConclusionsThis study suggests that although there can be some challenges in online IPE, it can be a positive experience and can improve dietetic students' collaborative practice attitudes and confidence in understanding other professional roles.
Temporal succession in carbon incorporation from macromolecules by particle‐attached bacteria in marine microcosms
Authors: Mayali Xavier , Stewart Benjamin , Mabery Shalini , Weber Peter K. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryWe investigated bacterial carbon assimilation from stable isotope‐labelled macromolecular substrates (proteins; lipids; and two types of polysaccharides, starch and cellobiose) while attached to killed diatom detrital particles during laboratory microcosms incubated for 17 days. Using Chip‐SIP (secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis of RNA microarrays), we identified generalist operational taxonomic units (OTUs) from the Gammaproteobacteria, belonging to the genera Colwellia, Glaciecola, Pseudoalteromonas and Rheinheimera, and from the Bacteroidetes, genera Owenweeksia and Maribacter, that incorporated the four tested substrates throughout the incubation period. Many of these OTUs exhibited the highest isotope incorporation relative to the others, indicating that they were likely the most active. Additional OTUs from the Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Alphaproteobacteria exhibited generally (but not always) lower activity and did not incorporate all tested substrates at all times, showing species succession in organic carbon incorporation. We also found evidence to suggest that both generalist and specialist OTUs changed their relative substrate incorporation over time, presumably in response to changing substrate availability as the particles aged. This pattern was demonstrated by temporal succession from relatively higher starch incorporation early in the incubations, eventually switching to higher cellobiose incorporation after 2 weeks.
Coming out narratives of older gay men living in New Zealand
Authors: Neville Stephen , Kushner Bernie , Adams Jeffery 
Published: November 2015

AimExplore the coming out narratives in a group of older gay men.MethodsA narrative gerontological approach was employed to explore the coming out narratives of older gay men. Semi‐structured digitally recorded individual interviews were undertaken with 12 gay men aged between 65 and 81 years who lived in the community. Data were analysed using a narrative data analytic process.ResultsThree collective narratives related to the coming out of older gay men were identified: ‘early gay experiences’, ‘trying not to be gay’ and ‘acceptance’.ConclusionOlder gay men come from diverse socio‐cultural backgrounds. However, they all grew up in an era where same‐sex attraction was a criminal offence. The path to accepting being a gay man was individualised and stressful for these participants. Consequently health and social service providers need to support the ongoing development of resilience and provide a person‐centred approach to care that promotes wellbeing.
Saving in medical costs by achieving guideline‐based asthma symptom control: a population‐based study
Authors: Sadatsafavi M. , Chen W. , Tavakoli H. , Rolf J. D. , Rousseau R. , FitzGerald J. M. ,   the Economic Burden of Asthma Study Group
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundAsthma control is increasingly used as an outcome measure in asthma trials. Economic evaluations of asthma interventions require converting the impact of interventions on control to impact on resource use. The purpose of this study was to estimate the savings in direct costs by achieving asthma symptom control as defined in the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2014 management strategy.MethodsAdolescents and adults with asthma were recruited through random digit dialing. Asthma control per GINA and the use of healthcare resources were assessed at baseline and three‐monthly visits up to 1 year. We used regression models to associate costs, measured in 2012 Canadian dollars ($), with symptom control, adjusting for potential confounding variables.ResultsThe final sample included 517 individuals (average age 48.9, 65.8% female) with mostly mild–moderate asthma contributing 2033 follow‐up visits. In 598 (29.4%), 809 (39.8%), and 626 (30.8%) of visits, asthma was symptomatically controlled, partially controlled, or uncontrolled, respectively. The average 3‐month costs of asthma were $134.5. Of these, 20.5% were attributable to inpatient care, 47.8% to outpatient care, and 31.5% to medication. Compared to controlled asthma, partially controlled asthma was associated with a nonsignificant increase of $9.5 (95% CI ‐$13.6 – $32.6) in adjusted 3‐month costs and uncontrolled asthma with a statistically significant increase of $81.7 (95% CI $48.5 – $114.9).ConclusionA substantial fraction of this population‐based sample of largely mild–moderate asthmatics was symptomatically uncontrolled. Achieving symptom control was associated with a reduction in direct costs. The adjusted values from this study can be used to inform cost‐effectiveness analyses of asthma treatments.
Effect of the Pulsatile Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation on Hemodynamic Energy and Systemic Microcirculation in a Piglet Model of Acute Cardiac Failure
Authors: Itoh Hideshi , Ichiba Shingo , Ujike Yoshihito , Douguchi Takuma , Obata Hideaki , Inamori Syuji , Iwasaki Tatsuo , Kasahara Shingo , Sano Shunji , Ündar Akif 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the effects of pulsatile and nonpulsatile extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) on hemodynamic energy and systemic microcirculation in an acute cardiac failure model in piglets. Fourteen piglets with a mean body weight of 6.08 ± 0.86 kg were divided into pulsatile (N = 7) and nonpulsatile (N = 7) ECMO groups. The experimental ECMO circuit consisted of a centrifugal pump, a membrane oxygenator, and a pneumatic pulsatile flow generator system developed in‐house. Nonpulsatile ECMO was initiated at a flow rate of 140 mL/kg/min for the first 30 min with normal heart beating, with rectal temperature maintained at 36°C. Ventricular fibrillation was then induced with a 3.5‐V alternating current to generate a cardiac dysfunction model. Using this model, we collected the data on pulsatile and nonpulsatile groups. The piglets were weaned off ECMO at the end of the experiment (180 min after ECMO was initiated). The animals did not receive blood transfusions, inotropic drugs, or vasoactive drugs. Blood samples were collected to measure hemoglobin, methemoglobin, blood gases, electrolytes, and lactic acid levels. Hemodynamic energy was calculated using the Shepard's energy equivalent pressure. Near‐infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor brain and kidney perfusion. The pulsatile ECMO group had a higher atrial pressure (systolic and mean), and significantly higher regional saturation at the brain level, than the nonpulsatile group (for both, P < 0.05). Additionally, the pulsatile ECMO group had higher methemoglobin levels within the normal range than the nonpulsatile group. Our study demonstrated that pulsatile ECMO produces significantly higher hemodynamic energy and improves systemic microcirculation, compared with nonpulsatile ECMO in acute cardiac failure.
Population‐based epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis in South Korea
Authors: Kim K.‐A. , Ki M. , Choi H. Y. , Kim B. H. , Jang E. S. , Jeong S.‐H. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryBackgroundAs a rare disease, only a few population‐based epidemiology studies of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) have been reported.AimsTo elucidate the nationwide prevalence, incidence, complications, fatality and direct medical costs of PBC in South Korea.MethodsThe nationwide Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service claims data and Rare Intractable Disease registration data on PBC, identified with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 code of K74.3, were obtained from 2009 to 2013. Age‐ and gender‐specific prevalence and incidence rates of PBC were calculated, and data on complications, comorbidities, prescribed drugs, therapeutic procedures and direct medical costs were analysed.ResultsA total of 2824 patients over 20 years old with PBC were identified in 2009–2013 (female‐to‐male ratio 6.2, median age 57 years old). The average age‐ and sex‐adjusted incidence from 2011 to 2013 was 8.57 per million per year, and the average age‐ and sex‐adjusted prevalence from 2009 to 2013 was 47.50 per million population. About 10% of patients presented with complications such as ascites (10.3%), variceal bleeding (5.8%) and/or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (1.3%). Liver transplantation was undertaken in 71 patients (2.5%) for 5 years. Case fatality was 2.2% and the transplantation‐free survival was 95.4% for 5 years.ConclusionsThis is the first report on the nationwide epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis in South Korea, demonstrating lower incidence and prevalence rates than those of Western countries, but a considerable disease burden, representing at least 10% were complicated with decompensated cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma requiring liver transplantation.
The safety and efficacy of nasobiliary drainage in the treatment of refractory cholestatic pruritus: a multicentre European study
Authors: Hegade V. S. , Krawczyk M. , Kremer A. E. , Kuczka J. , Gaouar F. , Kuiper E. M. M. , van Buuren H. R. , Lammert F. , Corpechot C. , Jones D. E. J. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryBackgroundPruritus is a common symptom associated with cholestatic liver diseases. To date only small single centre case series have suggested efficacy of nasobiliary drainage in relieving cholestatic pruritus.AimTo perform a multicentre study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of nasobiliary drainage in cholestatic pruritus.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of all patients treated with nasobiliary drainage for refractory cholestatic pruritus between 2006 and 2015 at five European centres. Pruritus was quantified using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and liver enzymes, serum bilirubin and total serum bile salts (TBS) were measured before (pre‐NBD) and after nasobiliary drainage (post‐NBD). We analysed the duration of treatment response and associated complications.ResultsIn total, 27 patients (59% females) underwent 29 nasobiliary drainage procedures. The median duration of NBD was 7 days. NBD decreased pruritus in 89.6% of cases (VAS from 10.0 to 0.3, P < 0.0001). The median percentage decline in pruritus VAS was 94% and 33% of patients were free of pruritus within 24 h of starting drainage. The duration of treatment response was independent of duration of drainage (P = 0.12) and bile output. Significant improvements were seen in the median levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.001) and serum bilirubin (P = 0.03) but not in serum TBS (P = 0.07). Mild post‐endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (31%) was the most frequent complication.ConclusionsNasobiliary drainage is effective in relieving cholestatic pruritus in most patients and has favourable effect on biomarkers of cholestasis. Nasobiliary drainage may be associated with high risk of adverse events, especially pancreatitis. Prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.
The ileal bile acid transporter inhibitor A4250 decreases serum bile acids by interrupting the enterohepatic circulation
Authors: Graffner H. , Gillberg P.‐G. , Rikner L. , Marschall H.‐U. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryBackgroundReabsorption of bile acids from the intestine by ileal bile acid transporter is pivotal for the enterohepatic circulation of BAs and sterol homoeostasis.AimTo assess tolerability and study, bile acid metabolism in a phase 1 trial with the selective ileal bile acid transporter inhibitor A4250.MethodsA randomised double‐blind, single‐ascending dose (SAD) and multiple‐ascending‐dose study consisting of five cohorts comprising 40 individuals with a single administration of A4250 (0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, or 10 mg) or placebo and three cohorts comprising 24 individuals with a 1‐week administration of A4250 (1 or 3 mg once daily or 1.5 mg twice daily) or placebo. For the multiple‐ascending‐dose study, bile acids were measured by HPLC‐MS in plasma and faeces, and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) and 7α‐hydroxy‐4‐cholesten‐3‐one (C4) were measured in plasma.ResultsNo serious adverse events occurred and all participants finished the trial per protocol. At the end of the multiple‐ascending‐dose study, plasma total bile acids and FGF19 decreased by 47% and 76%, respectively, at 3 mg/day (P < 0.01), and by 15% and 16%, respectively, at 1.5 mg twice daily (P < 0.05). Plasma C4 and faecal bile acids increased at all dose regimens, by 555%, 664%, 292% and 338%, 421%, 420%, respectively (P < 0.01–0.05). The primary bile acids cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids constituted the majority of faecal bile acids in the A4250‐treated groups.ConclusionsA4250 is well tolerated. By blocking ileal bile acid transporter in the terminal ileum, it highly efficiently interrupts the enterohepatic circulation of BAs, and should be of benefit to patients with cholestatic liver diseases.Clinical Trial registration EudraCT 2013‐001175‐21
The Role of Pyruvate Kinase M2 in Cancer Metabolism
Authors: Liu Vivian M. , Vander Heiden Matthew G. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase is expressed preferentially in cancer cells over other pyruvate kinase isoforms. PKM2 is unique in its ability to be regulated allosterically by nutrients and growth signaling pathways, allowing cells to adapt their metabolic program to match physiological needs in different environments. Here, we discuss the role of pyruvate kinase M2 in glioma and in cancer metabolism.
Accounting for underutilization of trade preference programs: The US generalized system of preferences
Authors: Hakobyan Shushanik 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe US Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) provides duty‐free market access to developing countries. Yet despite these preferences, about 40% of imports qualifying for GSP enter the US without claiming the benefits. This paper documents variations in GSP utilization rates and explains their determinants with a special emphasis on the production structure of beneficiary countries as captured by local content. The findings suggest that higher local content shares in output lead to higher utilization rates. In addition, the utilization rate rises with the preference margin, size of exports and regional cumulation, in general, and declines with degree ofprocessing.