bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcatheter interventions across fresh suture lines in infants and children: An 8‐year experience
Authors: Nicholson George T. , Kim Dennis W. , Vincent Robert N. , Petit Christopher J. 
Published: February 2015

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the outcomes of catheter dilation interventions in general upon surgical anastomotic sites in the immediate postoperative period.BackgroundEarly postoperative cardiac catheter intervention is regarded as high‐risk, particularly when a dilation intervention across a fresh suture line is performed.MethodsAll catheter dilation interventions performed upon a fresh suture line within 30 days of congenital heart surgery between August 2005 and December 2013 were reviewed. Values are reported as median and interquartile range (IQR). Primary endpoint was procedural success, which was defined as an increase in vessel diameter of >75% of the adjacent normal vessel or 50% increase over pre‐dilation diameter. Secondary endpoints included procedural complications and survival to hospital discharge.ResultsForty‐five patients, median age 0.15 years (0.03–0.51 years), weight 4.1 kg (3.1–6.4 kg), underwent 62 interventional procedures on median postoperative day 7 (3–13 days). Among the 62 dilation interventions at surgical anastomotic areas, were 30 stent and 32 balloon angioplasty procedures. There were two major complications including: arterial dissection during stent placement and a procedural mortality due to pulmonary artery avulsion during angioplasty. There were 12 deaths (27%) prior to hospital discharge. The median ratio of maximum stent diameter to stenosis diameter was 2.62 (2.27–3.73). The median ratio of maximum balloon diameter to stenosis diameter was 2.27 (1.84–2.94). Stent placement was more likely to result in procedural success (OR 2.1; 95% confidence interval 1.6–2.8).ConclusionThough caution is paramount, early postoperative catheter dilation intervention across fresh suture lines can be performed safely in small, critically ill children. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Endometriosis coexisting with mature cystic teratoma in the same ovary and ectopic pregnancy of left fallopian tube: a rare coexistence
Authors: Chae Heesuk , Rheu Chulhee 
Published: February 2015

Key Clinical MessageA coexistence of endometriosis and mature cystic teratoma in the same ovary is a rare occurrence although such tumors of ovaries are said to be common in the reproductive age group. We report a case of fimbrial ectopic pregnancy combined with simultaneous ipsilateral ovarian presentation of endometriosis and mature teratoma.
Delivery through perineal body and severed external anal sphincter with an intact vaginal orifice during a precipitous labor: a case report
Authors: Ismail Khadijah Irfah , McDonnell Brendan , O'Coigligh Seosamh 
Published: February 2015

Key Clinical MessageWe present the case of a patient who delivered her baby through the perineal body with an intact vaginal introitus. Damage to the perineal body through its connection to the external anal sphincter can involve the rectovaginal septum with increased morbidity and thought to be linked to rectocele development.
Landscape‐scale accessibility of livestock to tigers: implications of spatial grain for modeling predation risk to mitigate human–carnivore conflict
Authors: Miller Jennifer R. B. , Jhala Yadvendradev V. , Jena Jyotirmay , Schmitz Oswald J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractInnovative conservation tools are greatly needed to reduce livelihood losses and wildlife declines resulting from human–carnivore conflict. Spatial risk modeling is an emerging method for assessing the spatial patterns of predator–prey interactions, with applications for mitigating carnivore attacks on livestock. Large carnivores that ambush prey attack and kill over small areas, requiring models at fine spatial grains to predict livestock depredation hot spots. To detect the best resolution for predicting where carnivores access livestock, we examined the spatial attributes associated with livestock killed by tigers in Kanha Tiger Reserve, India, using risk models generated at 20, 100, and 200‐m spatial grains. We analyzed land‐use, human presence, and vegetation structure variables at 138 kill sites and 439 random sites to identify key landscape attributes where livestock were vulnerable to tigers. Land‐use and human presence variables contributed strongly to predation risk models, with most variables showing high relative importance (≥0.85) at all spatial grains. The risk of a tiger killing livestock increased near dense forests and near the boundary of the park core zone where human presence is restricted. Risk was nonlinearly related to human infrastructure and open vegetation, with the greatest risk occurring 1.2 km from roads, 1.1 km from villages, and 8.0 km from scrubland. Kill sites were characterized by denser, patchier, and more complex vegetation with lower visibility than random sites. Risk maps revealed high‐risk hot spots inside of the core zone boundary and in several patches in the human‐dominated buffer zone. Validation against known kills revealed predictive accuracy for only the 20 m model, the resolution best representing the kill stage of hunting for large carnivores that ambush prey, like the tiger. Results demonstrate that risk models developed at fine spatial grains can offer accurate guidance on landscape attributes livestock should avoid to minimize human–carnivore conflict.
The Strengths and Weaknesses of Deliberation on River Basin Management Planning: Analysing the water framework directive implementation in Catalonia (Spain)
Authors: Parés Marc , Brugué Quim , Espluga Josep , Miralles‐de‐Imperial Júlia , Ballester Alba 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBy the means of evaluating the planning process carried out in Catalonia (Spain) according to the requirements of the implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive, this article explores the relation between the characteristics of a deliberative process and its results. Our research examines the effects of a real deliberative process on river basin management planning, identifies its strengths and weakness and unveils those factors that explain the lights and the shadows of deliberation. Our evaluation shows that, although the deliberative process achieved significant outputs, most of the participants were unsatisfied with the results. The article concludes that the behaviour rules of the participants, the methodology used, the political engagement and the resources invested are crucial to understanding most of the deliberative processes' success. On the other hand, the lack of deliberative culture, the existence of weak governmental leadership and the absence of some key actors explain the participants' dissatisfaction with the results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Evaluating Participatory Processes in Conservation Policy and Governance: Lessons from a Natura 2000 pilot case study
Authors: Díez María‐Angeles , Etxano Iker , Garmendia Eneko 
Published: March 2015

AbstractParticipatory approaches have been incorporated in decision‐making to strengthen the involvement of social actors in natural resource management and governance. This paradigm shift is permeating the development of Natura 2000 in Europe. However, the implementation of participatory approaches is at an early stage and still contested. To assess the scope of these participatory approaches, this article: (1) reviews the role of participatory approaches in Natura 2000, (2) develops a common framework to evaluate such participatory processes, (3) applies this framework to a pilot case study and (4) based on the lessons learned, provides guidance for future developments. Although the relatively small sample of participants signals caution, the study shows that ensuring an open dialogue among the social actors served to enhance understanding of the various interests and facilitated the identification of areas for compromise. While these findings are promising, we also identify various challenges to a better and more open dialogue. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Nurse‐coordinated collaborative disease management improves the quality of guideline‐recommended heart failure therapy, patient‐reported outcomes, and left ventricular remodelling
Authors: Güder Gülmisal , Störk Stefan , Gelbrich Goetz , Brenner Susanne , Deubner Nikolas , Morbach Caroline , Wallenborn Julia , Berliner Dominik , Ertl Georg , Angermann Christiane E. 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundHeart failure (HF) pharmacotherapy is often not prescribed according to guidelines. This longitudinal study investigated prescription rates and dosages of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEi/ARB), beta‐blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA), and concomitant changes of symptoms, echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular (LV) function and morphology and results of the Short Form‐36 (SF‐36) Health Survey in participants of the Interdisciplinary Network Heart Failure (INH) programme.Methods and resultsThe INH study evaluated a nurse‐coordinated management, HeartNetCare‐HFTM (HNC), against Usual Care (UC) in patients hospitalized for decompensated HF [LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% before discharge). A total of 706 subjects surviving >18 months (363 UC, 343 HNC) were examined 6‐monthly. At baseline, 92% received ACEi/ARB, (HNC/UC 91/93%, P = 0.28), 86% received beta‐blockers (86/86%, P = 0.83), and 44% received MRA (42/47%, P = 0.07). After 18 months, beta‐blocker use had increased only in HNC (+7.6%, P < 0.001). Guideline‐recommended target doses were achieved more frequently in HNC for ACEi/ARB (HNC/UC: 50/25%, P < 0.001) and beta‐blockers (39/15%, P < 0.001). The following variables were more improved and/or better in subjects undergoing HNC compared with UC: LVEF (47 ± 12 vs. 44 ± 12%, P = 0.004, change +17/+14%, P = 0.010), LV end‐diastolic diameter (59 ± 9 vs. 61 ± 9.6 mm, P = 0.024, change −2.3/–1.4mm, P = 0.13), New York Heart Association class (1.9 ± 0.7 vs. 2.1 ± 0.7, P = 0.001, change −0.44/–0.25, P = 0.002) and SF‐36 physical component summary score (41.6 ± 11.2 vs. 38.5 ± 11.8, P = 0.004, change +3.3 vs. +1.1 score points, P < 0.02).ConclusionsPrescription rates and dosages of ACEi/ARB and beta‐blockers improved more in HNC than UC patients. Concomitantly, participation in HNC was associated with significantly better clinical outcomes and more favourable echocardiographic changes after 18 months.
A Facile Route to Bis(pyridyl‐1,3,5‐triazine) Ligands with Fluorescing Properties
Authors: Geist Matthias F. , Chartrand Daniel , Cibian Mihaela , Zieschang Fabian , Hanan Garry S. , Kurth Dirk G. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe present a general method for the preparation of bis(pyridyl‐1,3,5‐triazine) (dpt) ligands via Stille coupling chemistry. The synthetic procedure surpasses known trimerisation procedures in terms of yield, flexibility, and diversity, as ditopic ligands with different spacers are now available. Polythiophene spacers give rise to different colours by extending the conjugated system and increasing HOMO energy levels. The luminescence properties can be tuned by the spacers, the emission is found in the region from 300–550 nm with nanosecond lifetimes. Preliminary experiments indicate thermochromic properties for the dpt‐FeII complexes.
Identification of peneplains by multi‐parameter assessment of digital elevation models
Authors: Haider Vicky L. , Kropáček Jan , Dunkl István , Wagner Bianca , von Eynatten Hilmar 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTThe concept of peneplains has existed since the end of the nineteenth century. Typical peneplains are elevated geomorphological features with a low relief surface on top. They may be tilted due to tectonic activity or intersected by evolving erosion. Until now neither a standardized definition for peneplains, nor an established procedure to identify and quantify well preserved peneplains as prominent landforms existed. At present the global availability of homogeneous digital elevation models (DEMs) provides an accurate characterization of the morphology of the Earth surface. In this study a new, numerical, DEM‐based fuzzy‐logic approach is presented for the delineation of peneplains solely from a morphological perspective. The approach is based on a morphometric analysis of the 90‐arcsec Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM. Four critical parameters are employed which are implemented within a geographic information system (GIS). The parameters for the correct and unambiguous description of a ‘flat top mountain’ are: (i) slope, (ii) curvature, (iii) terrain ruggedness index, and (iv) relative height. The approach was developed using a test area in the central Tibetan Plateau, which is characterized by representative and well preserved peneplains and for which additional field data were collected. In order to verify the method, peneplains were delineated in different regions with various geological settings for which potential peneplains were already described in the literature. The results from the Appalachian Mountains, Andes, Massif Central, and New Zealand confirm the robustness of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Toxicity of fluoride to aquatic species and evaluation of toxicity modifying factors
Authors: Pearcy Krysta , Elphick James , Burnett-Seidel Charlene 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

The present study was performed to investigate the toxicity of fluoride to a variety of freshwater aquatic organisms and to establish whether water quality variables contribute substantively to modifying its toxicity. Water hardness, chloride, and alkalinity were tested as possible toxicity modifying factors for fluoride using acute toxicity tests with Hyalella azteca and Oncorhynchus mykiss. Chloride appeared to be the major toxicity modifying factor for fluoride in these acute toxicity tests. The chronic toxicity of fluoride was evaluated with a variety of species, including 3 fish (Pimephales promelas, O. mykiss, and Salvelinus namaycush), 3 invertebrates (Ceriodaphnia dubia, H. azteca, and Chironomus dilutus), 1 plant (Lemna minor), and 1 alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata). Hyalella azteca was the most sensitive species overall, and O. mykiss was the most sensitive species of fish. The role of chloride as a toxicity modifying factor was inconsistent between species in the chronic toxicity tests. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1642–1648. © 2015 SETAC
Influence of a chlor-alkali superfund site on mercury bioaccumulation in periphyton and low-trophic level fauna
Authors: Buckman Kate L. , Marvin-DiPasquale Mark , Taylor Vivien F. , Chalmers Ann , Broadley Hannah J. , Agee Jennifer , Jackson Brian P. , Chen Celia Y. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

In Berlin, New Hampshire, USA, the Androscoggin River flows adjacent to a former chlor-alkali facility that is a US Environmental Protection Agency Superfund site and source of mercury (Hg) to the river. The present study was conducted to determine the fate and bioaccumulation of methylmercury (MeHg) to lower trophic-level taxa in the river. Surface sediment directly adjacent to the source showed significantly elevated MeHg (10–40× increase, mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 20.1 ± 24.8 ng g–1 dry wt) and total mercury (THg; 10–30× increase, mean ± SD: 2045 ± 2669 ng g–1 dry wt) compared with all other reaches, with sediment THg and MeHg from downstream reaches elevated (3–7× on average) relative to the reference (THg mean ± SD: 33.5 ± 9.33 ng g–1 dry wt; MeHg mean ± SD: 0.52 ± 0.21 ng g–1 dry wt). Water column THg concentrations adjacent to the point source for both particulate (0.23 ng L–1) and dissolved (0.76 ng L–1) fractions were 5-fold higher than at the reference sites, and 2-fold to 5-fold higher than downstream. Methylmercury production potential of periphyton material was highest (2–9 ng g–1 d–1 dry wt) adjacent to the Superfund site; other reaches were close to or below reporting limits (0. 1 ng g–1 d–1 dry wt). Total Hg and MeHg bioaccumulation in fauna was variable across sites and taxa, with no clear spatial patterns downstream of the contamination source. Crayfish, mayflies, and shiners showed a weak positive relationship with porewater MeHg concentration. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1649–1658. © 2015 SETAC
Deep drainage sensitivity to climate, edaphic factors, and woody encroachment, Oklahoma, USA
Authors: Wine Michael L. , Hendrickx Jan M. H. , Cadol Daniel , Zou Chris B. , Ochsner Tyson E. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBecause groundwater is Earth's largest pool of freshwater, understanding the sensitivity of deep drainage to climate, soils, and land cover is critical in managing water resources. To better understand controls on this critical flux in the context of woody encroachment, we determined the sensitivity of deep drainage to climate, soil texture, soil compaction, rooting depth, growing season duration, and plant–water stress response using Hydrus‐1D to simulate deep drainage. To evaluate the simulation results, we compared these results with ground measurements at two anchor sites. At both anchor sites, Hydrus‐1D predictions of deep drainage matched measured values within the errors inherent in ground measurements. Sensitivity analysis suggested greatest sensitivity of deep drainage to climate (24 mm yr−1) and rooting depth (12 mm yr−1), moderate sensitivity to growing season duration (5 mm yr−1) and soil texture (4 mm yr−1), and lowest sensitivity to topsoil compaction and plant–water stress response (3 mm yr−1). The sensitivity analysis indicated the relative importance of the plant‐related factors considered, which, in decreasing order, were rooting depth, growing season duration, and plant–water stress response – factors that change concomitantly as a result of forestation or woody encroachment. Further ground‐truth measurements of woody encroachment effects on deep drainage are needed to confirm or refine the results of this simulation modelling study. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Precipitation patterns control the distribution and export of large wood at the catchment scale
Authors: Seo Jung Il , Nakamura Futoshi , Chun Kun Woo , Kim Suk Woo , Grant Gordon E. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractLarge wood (LW) plays an important role in river ecosystems, but LW‐laden floods may cause serious damage to human lives and property. The relationship between precipitation patterns and variations in LW distribution and export at the watershed scale is poorly understood. To explore these linkages, we examined differences in LW distribution as a function of channel morphologies in six watersheds located in southern and northern Japan and analysed the impacts of different precipitation patterns on the fluvial export of LW from river catchments. In southern Japan, intense rainfalls caused by typhoons or localized torrential downpours initiate landslides and debris flows that introduce massive amounts of LW into channels. Gravel bars formed by frequent flood events are widely prevalent, and the LW temporarily stored on these bars is frequently moved and/or broken into smaller pieces by floods. In these systems fluvial export of LW is supply‐limited, with smaller accumulations and shorter residence times than in northern Japan. Conversely, in northern Japan, where typhoons and torrential downpours rarely occur, LW is mostly recruited by bank erosion, tree mortality and windthrow into channels, rather than by landslides and debris flows. Recruited pieces accumulate in log jams on valley floors, particularly on floodplains supporting mature forests, resulting in larger accumulations and longer residence times. In these watersheds fluvial export of LW is transport‐limited, and the pieces gradually decompose during long‐term storage as log jams. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differences in immune responses between CMV‐seronegative and ‐seropositive patients with myocardial ischemia and reperfusion
Authors: Shmeleva Evgeniya V. , Boag Stephen E. , Murali Santosh , Bennaceur Karim , Das Rajiv , Egred Mohaned , Purcell Ian , Edwards Richard , Todryk Stephen , Spyridopoulos Ioakim 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCMV infection is responsible for acceleration of immune senescence and linked to systemic pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated differences in the immune response between CMV‐seropositive and seronegative patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for acute myocardial infarction (MI). Peripheral blood samples were taken at six different time points: pre‐, 15, 30, 90 min, 24 h after PPCI and at 3 months after MI. Absolute counts of lymphocyte subpopulations, immune response to specific and nonspecific stimulation, serum cytokines and levels of CMV‐IgG, cardiolipin‐IgG, and anti‐endothelial cell antibodies were assessed. CMV‐seropositive patients with MI showed a twofold higher IFN‐γ production to PHA‐stimulation, up to 2.5‐fold higher levels of IP‐10 in serum and up to 30% lower serum levels of IL‐16 compared to CMV‐seronegative individuals. CMV‐seropositive patients could be divided into two subgroups with high (IL‐10Hi) and low (IL‐10Lo) IL‐10 serum levels during the acute stage of MI. The IL‐10Hi CMV‐seropositive subgroup showed an increased exit of late‐differentiated T lymphocytes, NK and NKT‐like cells from the circulation, which may potentially enhance cytotoxic damage in the ischemic myocardium. Finally, we did not observe an acceleration of autoimmunity by MI in CMV‐seropositive individuals. The immune response during acute MI showed characteristic differences between CMV seronegative and seropositive patients, with a stronger pro‐inflammatory response in seropositive patients. The effects of IP‐10, IL‐16, and IL‐10 on characteristics of acute immune responses and formation of different immune profiles in CMV‐seropositive individuals require further investigation.
OPG-Fc but Not Zoledronic Acid Discontinuation Reverses Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (ONJ) in Mice
Authors: de Molon Rafael Scaf , Shimamoto Hiroaki , Bezouglaia Olga , Pirih Flavia Q , Dry Sarah M , Kostenuik Paul , Boyce Rogely W , Dwyer Denise , Aghaloo Tara L , Tetradis Sotirios 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACT

Osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is a significant complication of antiresorptive medications, such as bisphosphonates and denosumab. Antiresorptive discontinuation to promote healing of ONJ lesions remains highly controversial and understudied. Here, we investigated whether antiresorptive discontinuation alters ONJ features in mice, employing the potent bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZA) or the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) inhibitor OPG-Fc, utilizing previously published ONJ animal models. Mice were treated with vehicle (veh), ZA, or OPG-Fc for 11 weeks to induce ONJ, and antiresorptives were discontinued for 6 or 10 weeks. Maxillae and mandibles were examined by μCT imaging and histologically. ONJ features in ZA and OPG-Fc groups included periosteal bone deposition, empty osteocyte lacunae, osteonecrotic areas, and bone exposure, each of which substantially resolved 10 weeks after discontinuing OPG-Fc but not ZA. Full recovery of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive (TRAP+) osteoclast numbers occurred after discontinuing OPG-Fc but not ZA. Our data provide the first experimental evidence demonstrating that discontinuation of a RANKL inhibitor, but not a bisphosphonate, reverses features of osteonecrosis in mice. It remains unclear whether antiresorptive discontinuation increases the risk of skeletal-related events in patients with bone metastases or fracture risk in osteoporosis patients, but these preclinical data may nonetheless help to inform discussions on the rationale for a “drug holiday” in managing the ONJ patient. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.