bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief Report: Association of Genetic Variants in the IL4 and IL4R Genes With the Severity of Joint Damage in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Study in Seven Cohorts
Authors: Krabben A. , Wilson A. G. , de Rooy D. P. C. , Zhernakova A. , Brouwer E. , Lindqvist E. , Saxne T. , Stoeken G. , van Nies J. A. B. , Knevel R. , Huizinga T. W. J. , Toes R. , Gregersen P. K. , van der Helm‐van Mil A. H. M. 
Published: August 2013

ObjectiveThe progression of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is determined by genetic factors. Changes in IL4 and IL4R genes have been associated with RA severity, but this finding has not been replicated. This study was undertaken to investigate the association between IL4‐ and IL4R‐tagging single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the progression rate of joint damage in RA in a multicohort candidate gene study.MethodsIL4‐ and IL4R‐tagging SNPs (n = 8 and 39, respectively) were genotyped in 600 RA patients for whom 2,846 sets of radiographs of the hands and feet were obtained during 7 years of followup. Subsequently, SNPs significantly associated with the progression of joint damage were genotyped and studied in relation to 3,415 radiographs of 1,953 RA patients; these included data sets from Groningen (The Netherlands), Lund (Sweden), Sheffield (UK), the North American Rheumatoid Arthritis Consortium (US), Wichita (US), and the National Data Bank (US). The relative increase in progression rate per year in the presence of a genotype was determined in each cohort. An inverse variance weighting meta‐analysis was performed on the 6 data sets that together formed the replication phase.ResultsIn the discovery phase, none of the IL4 SNPs and 7 of the IL4R SNPs were significantly associated with the joint damage progression rate. In the replication phase, 2 SNPs in the IL4R gene were significantly associated with the joint damage progression rate (rs1805011 [P = 0.02] and rs1119132 [P = 0.001]).ConclusionGenetic variants in IL4R were identified, and their association with the progression rate of joint damage in RA was independently replicated.
Sequence context and crosslinking mechanism affect the efficiency of in vivo capture of a protein–protein interaction
Authors: Lancia Jody K. , Nwokoye Adaora , Dugan Amanda , Joiner Cassandra , Pricer Rachel , Mapp Anna K. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTProtein–protein interactions (PPIs) are essential for implementing cellular processes and thus methods for the discovery and study of PPIs are highly desirable. An emerging method for capturing PPIs in their native cellular environment is in vivo covalent chemical capture, a method that uses nonsense suppression to site specifically incorporate photoactivable unnatural amino acids (UAAs) in living cells. However, in one study we found that this method did not capture a PPI for which there was abundant functional evidence, a complex formed between the transcriptional activator Gal4 and its repressor protein Gal80. Here we describe the factors that influence the success of covalent chemical capture and show that the innate reactivity of the two UAAs utilized, (p‐benzoylphenylalanine (pBpa) and p‐azidophenylalanine (pAzpa)), plays a profound role in the capture of Gal80 by Gal4. Based upon these data, guidelines are outlined for the successful use of in vivo photo‐crosslinking to capture novel PPIs and to characterize the interfaces. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 101: 391–397, 2014.
A population‐based comparison of second primary cancers in Germany and Sweden between 1997 and 2006: clinical implications and etiologic aspects
Authors: Liu Hao , Hemminki Kari , Sundquist Jan , Holleczek Bernd , Katalinic Alexander , Emrich Katharina , Jansen Lina , Brenner Hermann ,   The GEKID Cancer Survival Working Group
Published: August 2013

AbstractSecond primary cancer (SPC) has become an increasing concern in cancer survivorship. Patterns of SPCs in different populations may offer clinical implications and research priorities into SPCs. This study is devoted to compare the occurrences and rank correlations of SPCs between Germany and Sweden. Patients diagnosed with 10 common first primaries between 1997 and 2006 from the Swedish Family‐Cancer Database and 10 German cancer registries were included in this population‐based study. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the strength of the relationship of SPCs between the German and Swedish datasets. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients suggested a strong positive correlation between the German and Swedish datasets based on the ranks of thirty possible SPCs after all selected first cancers. This was also true when we compared the rankings and proportions of the five most common SPCs after site‐specific first primaries between the two populations. For kidney cancer, non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma, and leukemia the components of the five most common SPCs was exactly the same. Also, the ranking and the proportions for the three most common SPCs (i.e., colorectal, bladder, and lung cancers) after prostate cancer were identical in the two populations, as were those after most other primary cancers. The strikingly consistent patterns of SPCs in the two populations provide excellent opportunities for joint studies and they also suggest that many underlying reasons for SPC may have universal and tangible causes that await mechanistic dissection.
Postdilatation for treatment of perivalvular aortic regurgitation after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Lasa Garikoitz , Gaviria Koldo , Sanmartín Juan C. , Telleria Miren , Larman Mariano 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesThe study is made to describe the efficacy and safety of balloon postdilatation (BPD) for the treatment of residual aortic regurgitation (RAoR) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).Methods and ResultsA single‐center observational study is made with 157 consecutive patients accepted to TAVI. The patients were divided into two groups (no BPD‐period and BPD‐period). Before BPD, RAoR ≥ 2 was seen in 25% of the patients in group 1 and in 29% of the patients in group 2 (P ≥ 0.593). BPD was carried out in 95% (n = 21) of the patients in group 2 with RAoR ≥ 2. Regurgitation improved one grade in 68% of the cases (n = 15), 2 grades in 14% (n = 3), and remained without change in 18% (n = 4). RAoR < 2 was achieved in 91% (n = 73) of the patients in group 2 versus 75% (n = 58) in group 1 (RR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.16–0.80, P = 0.013). We recorded no aortic ring ruptures, damage to the device or displacements. Slight central regurgitation not present before BPD was registered in one case.ConclusionsBPD offers a very good safety profile and reduces RAoR in a large percentage of cases. BPD should be considered for the treatment of moderate to severe RAoR following TAVI. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Activation of Isocyanates and Carbon Dioxide by a Monomeric Aluminium Hydrazide as an Active Lewis Pair
Authors: Hengesbach Frank , Jin Xing , Hepp Alexander , Wibbeling Birgit , Würthwein Ernst‐Ulrich , Uhl Werner 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe monomeric aluminium hydrazide H10C5NN(AltBu2)Ad (4; Ad=adamantyl, NC5H10=piperidinyl) was obtained in high yield by hydroalumination of the corresponding hydrazone derivative 1. Compound 4 has a strained AlN2 heterocycle formed by a donor–acceptor bond between the β‐nitrogen atom of the hydrazide group and the aluminium atom. Opening of this bond resulted in the formation of an active Lewis pair that was able to cooperatively activate carbon dioxide or isocyanates. Insertion of the heterocumulenes into the AlN bond selectively afforded a carbamate and two urea derivatives in high yield. In the first step, phenyl isocyanate gave the adduct 6, which has the oxygen atom coordinated to the aluminium atom and its central carbon atom bound to the nitrogen atom of the piperidine moiety. Adduct 6 represents a reasonable intermediate state for these activation processes. The applicability of hydroaluminated compounds, such as 4, in organic synthesis was demonstrated by the reaction with an imidoyl chloride, which gave the corresponding amidrazone derivative 9.
Diffusionseffekte in der Magnetresonanztomographie – Eine kleine Übersicht bekannter und weniger bekannter Effekte
Authors: Nestle Nikolaus , Gädke Achim 
Published: August 2013

AbstractDie Rolle von Diffusionseffekten in der Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) ist vielfältig. In diesem Beitrag wird ein kurzer Überblick darüber gegeben, wie sich Diffusionseffekte direkt oder indirekt auf den Kontrast von MR‐Bildern auswirken können. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird dabei dem Wechselspiel zwischen Diffusion und longitudinaler Magnetisierung in dünnen angeregten Schichten gewidmet. Hierzu werden Experimente vorgestellt, wie sich eine periodische Anregung auf die messbare Signalamplitude in Schichten mit Dicken im Bereich von einigen μm auswirkt. Hierbei konnten Signalerhöhungen um etwa einen Faktor 100 beobachtet werden. Die untersuchten Phänomene sind von Bedeutung für den Kontrast und das Signal/Rausch‐Verhältnis in NMR‐Mikrotomographie‐Experimenten und bei einigen Ansätzen für die NMR‐Kraftmikroskopie.
Caseous Calcification of the Mitral Annulus: A Review
Authors: Elgendy Islam Y. , Conti C. Richard 
Published: August 2013

AbstractCaseous calcification of the mitral annulus (CCMA) is a rare variant of mitral annular calcification (MAC). Since most cardiologists are unfamiliar with CCMA, it is commonly misdiagnosed as an abscess, tumor or infective vegetation on the mitral valve. In most cases, conservative management for this lesion is sufficient. In this review, we will discuss the various aspects of this condition and illustrate the gross and histologic pathology as well as various imaging modalities (Ultrasound, Computed tomography, Cardiac Magnetic resonance) to assess this unusual cardiac mass.
A compensated PID active queue management controller using an improved queue dynamic model
Authors: Kahe Ghasem , Jahangir Amir Hossein , Ebrahimi Behrouz 
Published: August 2013

SUMMARYBeside the major objective of providing congestion control, achieving predictable queuing delay, maximizing link utilization, and robustness are the main objectives of an active queue management (AQM) controller. This paper proposes an improved queue dynamic model while incorporating the packet drop probability as well. By applying the improved model, a new compensated PID AQM controller is developed for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) networks. The non‐minimum phase characteristic caused by Padé approximation of the network delay restricts the direct application of control methods because of the unstable internal dynamics. In this paper, a parameter‐varying dynamic compensator, which operates on tracking error and internal dynamics, is proposed to not only capture the unstable internal dynamics but also reduce the effect of uncertainties by unresponsive flows. The proposed dynamic compensator is then used to design a PID AQM controller whose gains are obtained directly from the state‐space representation of the system with no further gain tuning requirements. The packet‐level simulations using network simulator (ns2) show the outperformance of the developed controller for both queuing delay stability and resource utilization. The improved underlying model leads also to the faster response of the controller. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Versatile Supramolecular Coordination Behaviour of a Bis(bidentate) Tetraphosphane
Authors: Strabler Christof , Ortner Teresa , Prock Johannes , Granja Alvaro , Gutmann Rene , Kopacka Holger , Müller Thomas , Brüggeller Peter 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe bis(bidentate) phosphane cis,trans,cis‐1,2,3,4‐tetrakis(diphenylphosphanyl)cyclobutane (dppcb) has been used for the synthesis of supramolecular complexes, so‐called dyads and triads. Depending on the monometallic precursor compound [Ru(bpy)2(dppcb)](PF6)2 or [Ru(bpy)2(cis‐dppcbO2)](PF6)2 [bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine, cis‐dppcbO2 = cis,trans,cis‐1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphanoyl)‐3,4‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)cyclobutane], [Ru(bpy)2(dppcb)NiBr2](PF6)2 (1) or ΔΛ/ΛΔ‐[{Ru(bpy)2(cis‐dppcbO2)}2NiBr](PF6)5 (2) is exclusively formed in good yield by reaction with [NiBr2(DME)] (DME = dimethoxyethane). The versatile coordination behaviour of dppcb compared with that of cis‐dppcbO2 is confirmed by cis,trans,cis‐2,3‐bis(diphenylphosphanoyl)‐1,4‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)cyclobutane (2,3‐trans‐dppcbO2, 4). Although two dppcb ligands coordinated simultaneously to a PdII centre cannot produce a square‐planar PdP4 core, the reaction of two equivalents of 4 with [Pd(CH3CN)4](BF4)2 exclusively leads to meso‐(MMMP/MPPP)‐[Pd(2,3‐trans‐dppcbO2‐P,P′)2](BF4)2 (3). This means that trans configurations of coordinating 2,3‐trans‐dppcbO2 with respect to the cyclobutane rings allow the formation of this PdP4 moiety. However, in the case of 4 it is also possible to obtain [PdCl2(2,3‐trans‐dppcbO2‐P,P′)] (5) in excellent yield by using [PdCl2(COD)] (COD = cyclooctadiene). In 5, only one ligand 4 is attached to the PdII centre, and a trans configuration of 4 within the five‐membered chelate ring can again be seen. All solid‐state structures 1–5 have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray structure analysis. The corresponding solution structures are in agreement with these solid‐state structures and have been authenticated by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, FAB and MALDI‐TOF‐MS measurements, UV/Vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. In the case of 2, the emission and lifetime properties of the excited state indicate that triads such as 2 could be suitable catalysts for the reductive part of water splitting.
Synthesis and Supramolecular Architectures of Dinuclear Metallacyclic Silver(I) and Zigzag‐Chain Copper(II) Complexes Bearing 2,6‐Pyridinediylbis(3‐pyridinyl)methanone
Authors: Wan Chong‐Qing , Al‐Thabaiti Shaeel A. , Chen Xu‐Dong , Mak Thomas C. W. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe reaction of 2,6‐pyridinediylbis(3‐pyridinyl)methanone (abbreviated as L) with various silver(I) salts yielded a series of complexes, namely, [Ag2(L)2](ClO4)2 (1), {[Ag2(L)2](ClO4)2}∞ (2), {[Ag2(L)2](NO3)2}∞ (3), {[Ag2(L)2](C2F5CO2)2}∞ (4), {[Ag2(L)2](C3F7CO2)2}∞ (5), and {[Ag2(L)2](O2CC3F6CO2)·2H2O}∞ (6), which exhibit a common dinuclear metallacyclic [Ag2(L)2]2+ skeleton that involves linear‐dicoordinate AgI and μ2‐N,N‐bridging L. Complex 2 is a polymorph of 1 obtained by the solvent‐medium tuning effect, and it has an {[Ag2(L)2]2+}∞ infinite‐chain structure. In complexes 3–6, the argentophilic interaction plays an important role in connecting the [Ag2(L)2]2+ units to form a similar {[Ag2(L)2]2+}∞ chain structure to that in 2, although the counteranions are markedly different. The copper(II) complex {[Cu2(CH3CO2)4(L)]·2H2O}∞ (7) exhibits a zigzag‐chain structure composed of an alternating arrangement of L and the Cu2(CH3CO2)4 paddlewheel cluster. In the supramolecular architectures of 1–7, the counteranions engage in multiple noncovalent interactions, and the presence of unusual types such as O/F(anion)···π, O/F(anion)···C=O, and C=O···π are noted and discussed.
Solution‐Phase Synthesis of Short Oligo‐2′‐deoxyribonucleotides by Using Clustered Nucleosides as a Soluble Support
Authors: Kungurtsev Vyacheslav , Laakkonen Jouni , Molina Alejandro Gimenez , Virta Pasi 
Published: August 2013

Abstract5′‐O‐(4,4′‐Dimethoxytrityl)thymidine was attached to a pentaerythrityl‐derived core, and the resulting tetravalent nucleoside cluster and the next dendritic generations served as a soluble support for the synthesis of short oligo‐2′‐deoxyribonucleotides in solution. Couplings using a small excess (1.5 equiv. per 5′‐OH group) of the standard phosphoramidite building blocks proved efficient, and the products could be purified by quantitative precipitation from methanol. Ammonolysis released nearly homogeneous oligonucleotides (CCT, GCT, ACT, and AGCCT) in high yields.
Self‐Referencing Background Correction Method for Voltammetric Investigation of Reversible Redox Reaction
Authors: Ciepiela Filip , Lisak Grzegorz , Jakubowska Małgorzata 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis paper presents a novel fully automated background correction method, which internally validates its results. The method requires a set of voltammograms recorded for calibration with different sensitivities but offers reproducibility, high precision and accuracy. In this paper the results obtained with the use of the proposed algorithm were verified by the processing of both simulated and experimentally registered signals. In both cases recovery and confidence intervals were very satisfactory.
Electrochemical Oxidation Mechanism of Ethidium Bromide at a Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Oliveira Severino Carlos B. , Nascimento Valberes B. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe electrochemical behavior of ethidium bromide (EtBr) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was studied by cyclic, square wave and differential pulse voltammetry over a wide pH interval. The results revealed that the oxidation mechanism of EtBr is an irreversible and adsorption‐controlled electrode process that occurs in two consecutives steps. The first step is pH‐dependent and occurs at the amino group in the C8 position with the formation of ortho‐ and para‐quinone derivatives, while the second step is pH‐independent and occurs at the amino group in the C3 position. A square wave method for quantitative determination of EtBr is also proposed.
Towards Graphane Applications in Security: The Electrochemical Detection of Trinitrotoluene in Seawater on Hydrogenated Graphene
Authors: Seah Tzu Hui , Poh Hwee Ling , Chua Chun Kiang , Sofer Zdeněk , Pumera Martin 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWith greater security and humanitarian concerns, the pressing need to develop fast and sensitive point‐of‐care explosives detectors has never been more pronounced. Electrochemical detectors facilitate accurate and swift detection of these explosive traces to provide opportunities for preemptive measures. Sensitivity of the electrode material is one of the many important factors in the development of an effective and efficient electrochemical detector. Herein, we present study on the applicability of graphene and hydrogenated graphene for the detection of TNT in seawater. Graphene was found to display a higher sensitivity than hydrogenated graphene and could be an ideal material for the detection of TNT in seawater. This is likely due to the fact that graphene contains a larger amount of aromatic rings than hydrogenated graphene, enabling larger preconcentration. These finding are of high importance to the application of graphene‐based materials for explosives detection.
Gas Sensing Ability of a Nanostructured Conducting Polypyrrole Film Prepared by Catalytic Electropolymerization on Cu/Au Interdigital Electrodes
Authors: Alizadeh Naader , Babaei Mohsen , Nabavi Samaneh 
Published: August 2013

AbstractNanostructured conductive polypyrrole has been prepared electrochemically on the surfaces of Cu/Au interdigital electrodes in the presence of Fe(II) as catalyst and ClO4− as anion dopant by using constant potential amperometry and cyclic voltammetry. The morphology of the conducting films was examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy, indicating a dependence from the processing technique. The synthesized polymer was used to investigate the properties of the gas sensing ability. The effect of the catalyst concentration on the oxidation mechanism of pyrrole was discussed. The PPy‐ClO4 gas sensors had demonstrated fast response time and high sensitivity to VOCs.
Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles‐Based Sensors for the Electrochemical Detection of Thiourea in Leaching Solutions of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
Authors: Tashdjian Agustín , Sánchez Loredo María Guadalupe , González Graciela Alicia 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWaste of electrical and electronic equipment is an interesting secondary resource of base and precious metals. Particularly the use of thiourea‐leaching in acidic medium was proposed for noble metals recovery. In this work, a novel and easy‐to‐use electrochemical sensor was developed, aimed to test thiourea from leaching solutions containing significant thiourea and copper amounts. The sensor was constructed using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) deposited on screen‐printed electrodes. Its performance was studied in a synthetic leaching solution; changes in the overall surface charge of AgNPs resulting in changes in the charge‐transfer resistance for the copper ions were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
Electrochemical Magnetic Immunosensors for the Determination of Ceruloplasmin
Authors: Ojeda Irene , Moreno‐Guzmán María , González‐Cortés Araceli , Yáñez‐Sedeño Paloma , Pingarrón José M. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractElectrochemical immunosensors for ceruloplasmin (Cp) are reported for the first time. Two configurations involving magnetic beads (MBs) functionalized with Protein A or Streptavidin for immobilization of Cp antibodies were compared, using competitive immunoassay with synthesized alkaline phosphatase‐Cp conjugate. Upon capturing MBs‐immunoconjugates onto screen‐printed carbon electrodes, quantification of Cp was accomplished by DPV measurement of 1‐naphthol generated after 1‐naphthylphosphate addition. Linear ranges of calibration curves and detection limits were 0.1–1000 µg/mL and 0.040 µg/mL (Protein A‐MBs), and 0.025–20 µg/mL and 0.018 µg/mL (Strept‐MBs). Good results were obtained in the determination of Cp in spiked human serum samples.
Ecogenetics of mercury: From genetic polymorphisms and epigenetics to risk assessment and decision-making
Authors: Basu Niladri , Goodrich Jaclyn M. , Head Jessica 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

The risk assessment of mercury (Hg), in both humans and wildlife, is made challenging by great variability in exposure and health effects. Although disease risk arises following complex interactions between genetic (“nature”) and environmental (“nurture”) factors, most Hg studies thus far have focused solely on environmental factors. In recent years, ecogenetic-based studies have emerged and have started to document genetic and epigenetic factors that may indeed influence the toxicokinetics or toxicodynamics of Hg. The present study reviews these studies and discusses their utility in terms of Hg risk assessment, management, and policy and offers perspectives on fruitful areas for future research. In brief, epidemiological studies on populations exposed to inorganic Hg (e.g., dentists and miners) or methylmercury (e.g., fish consumers) are showing that polymorphisms in a number of environmentally responsive genes can explain variations in Hg biomarker values and health outcomes. Studies on mammals (wildlife, humans, rodents) are showing Hg exposures to be related to epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation. Such findings are beginning to increase understanding of the mechanisms of action of Hg, and in doing so they may help identify candidate biomarkers and pinpoint susceptible groups or life stages. Furthermore, they may help refine uncertainty factors and thus lead to more accurate risk assessments and improved decision-making. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:1248–1258. © 2013 SETAC