bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The overexpression of 14‐3‐3ζ and Hsp27 promotes non–small cell lung cancer progression
Authors: Zhao Guang‐Yin , Ding Jian‐Yong , Gu Jie , Lu Chun‐Lai , Lin Zong‐Wu , Guo Jing , Ge Di 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUNDThe 14‐3‐3ζ protein has been identified as a putative oncoprotein in several cancers, including non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the mechanisms underlying its functions have not been well defined.METHODSProteins that interact with 14‐3‐3ζ were identified through coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry in NSCLC cells. The interaction of 14‐3‐3ζ with these molecular partners and their roles in the invasiveness and metastasis of NSCLC cells were assayed through specific disruptions in the 14‐3‐3ζ signaling network. In addition, the clinical implications of this 14‐3‐3ζ complex were examined in samples from patients with NSCLC.RESULTSAmong the identified proteins that interacted with 14‐3‐3ζ, there were 230 proteins in 95‐D cells, 181 proteins in 95‐C cells, and 203 proteins in A549 cells; and 16 interacting proteins were identified that overlapped between all cell lines. Further studies revealed 14‐3‐3ζ complexes within the heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) protein and demonstrated that the interference of Hsp27 or 14‐3‐3ζ inhibited the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC cells. The invasive and metastatic capabilities of cells with both Hsp27 and 14‐3‐3ζ interference could be completely restored only by Hsp27 and 14‐3‐3ζ complementary DNA transfection and not by either agent alone. Clinically, the postoperative 5‐year overall survival (OS) in patients who had high expression of both 14‐3‐3ζ and Hsp27 was significantly lower than the 5‐year OS in patients who had low expression of both 14‐3‐3ζ and Hsp27 (26.5% vs 59.7%, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that the combined expression of 14‐3‐3ζ and Hsp27 was an independent prognostic indicator of OS (P = .036).CONCLUSIONSThe current data suggest that the combined expression of 14‐3‐3ζ and Hsp27 may be a biomarker for predicting survival in patients with NSCLC, and this combination may have potential as a therapeutic target for NSCLC. Cancer 2014;120:652–663. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
MET amplification is not rare and predicts unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with recurrent/metastatic gastric cancer after chemotherapy
Authors: An Xin , Wang Fang , Shao Qiong , Wang Feng‐Hua , Wang Zhi‐Qiang , Chen Cui , Li Cong , Luo Hui‐Yan , Zhang Dong‐Sheng , Xu Rui‐Hua , Li Yu‐Hong 
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUNDSeveral large studies have reported an extremely low incidence of MET gene amplification (GA) in patients with radically resected gastric cancer. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and prognostic role of MET in patients with recurrent/metastatic gastric cancer who received chemotherapy.METHODSMET GA and protein expression of recurrent/metastatic gastric cancer samples were evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively.RESULTSThis retrospective study included 232 patients with recurrent/metastatic gastric cancer. MET GA and strong protein expression (IHC3+) were observed in 8.3% (19 of 230 samples) and 9.6% (22 of 229 samples) of samples, respectively. A significant correlation was observed between MET GA and protein expression (r = 0.378; P < .001). MET GA was correlated with poor performance status (P < .001) and poorly differentiated tumors (P = .0015). Both MET GA and IHC 3+ expression were associated with a substantially shorter median overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS). The median OS and PFS for patients with MET GA versus those without MET GA were 5.7 months versus 15.5 months (P < .001) and 3.6 months versus 6.9 months (P < .001), respectively. The median OS and PFS for patients with MET IHC 3+ expression versus IHC 0 to 2+ expression were 6.3 months versus 15.1 months (P < .001) and 3.6 months versus 7.0 months (P < .001), respectively.CONCLUSIONSIn patients with recurrent/metastatic gastric cancer, MET amplification and strong protein expression are not rare and appear to be significantly associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. Cancer 2014;120:675–682. © 2013 American Cancer Society.
Development and validation of two subject‐specific finite element models of human head against three cadaveric experiments
Authors: Tse Kwong Ming , Tan Long Bin , Lee Shu Jin , Lim Siak Piang , Lee Heow Pueh 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYHead injury, being one of the main causes of death or permanent disability, continues to remain a major health problem with significant socioeconomic costs. Numerical simulations using the FEM offer a cost‐effective method and alternative to experimental methods in the biomechanical studies of head injury. The present study aimed to develop two realistic subject‐specific FEMs of the human head with detailed anatomical features from medical images (Model 1: without soft tissue and Model 2: with soft tissue and differentiation of white and gray matters) and to validate them against the intracranial pressure (ICP) and relative intracranial motion data of the three cadaver experimental tests. In general, both the simulated results were in reasonably good agreement with the experimental measured ICP and relative displacements, despite slight discrepancy in a few neutral density targets markers. Sensitivity analysis showed some variations in the brain's relative motion to the material properties or marker's location. The addition of soft tissue in Model 2 helped to damp out the oscillations of the model response. It was also found that, despite the fundamental anatomical differences between the two models, there existed little evident differences in the predicted ICP and relative displacements of the two models. This indicated that the advancements on the details of the extracranial features would not improve the model's predicting capabilities of brain injury. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proton‐Transfer Reactions of Acridine in Water‐Containing Ionic‐Liquid‐Rich Mixtures
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Pandey Ashish , Pandey Siddharth 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTo assess the potential of ionic liquids (ILs) as a solubilizing media that facilitates proton‐transfer reactions, acridine prototropism is investigated using UV/Vis molecular absorbance as well as steady‐state and time‐resolved fluorescence with different ILs in the presence of a small amount of dilute acid or base. It is found that protonation and deprotonation of acridine, when dissolved in different ILs, can be triggered by the addition of a small amount of dilute aqueous HCl and NaOH, respectively, in both the ground and excited states, irrespective of the identity of the IL. However, the amount of dilute acid/base needed to protonate/deprotonate acridine dissolved in different ILs is found to vary from one IL to another. Steady‐state fluorescence measurements also imply the presence of interactions between the acidic proton(s) of IL cation and excited acridine. The interconversion of neutral and protonated acridine, as well as the presence of a weakly fluorescent complex between excited acridine and the acidic proton(s) of the IL cation, is further corroborated by the parameters recovered from the fitting of the excited‐state intensity‐decay data. It is established that ILs as solubilizing media readily support facile proton transfer in both ground and excited states.
Fabrication of Magnetic–Fluorescent Bifunctional Flexible Coaxial Nanobelts by Electrospinning Using a Modified Coaxial Spinneret
Authors: Ma Qianli , Wang Jinxian , Dong Xiangting , Yu Wensheng , Liu Guixia 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA new magnetic–fluorescent bifunctional coaxial nanobelt structure has been successfully fabricated by specially designed coaxial‐spinneret electrospinning technology. As an example, terbium complexes [Tb(BA)3(phen)] (BA=benzoic acid, phen=1,10‐phenanthroline) and ferroferric oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and electrospun into coaxial nanobelts with Fe3O4/PMMA as the core and [Tb(BA)3(phen)]/PMMA as the shell. The morphology and properties of the final products have been investigated in detail by X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive spectrometry (EDS), biological microscopy (BM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that the [Fe3O4/PMMA]@[[Tb(BA)3(phen)]/PMMA] magnetic–fluorescent bifunctional coaxial nanobelts possess superior magnetic and fluorescent properties owing to their special nanostructures. The magnetic–fluorescent bifunctional coaxial nanobelts provide higher performance than Fe3O4/[Tb(BA)3(phen)]/PMMA composite nanobelts. This new type of magnetic–fluorescent bifunctional coaxial nanobelt has the potential to be used in novel nano‐biolabel materials, drug delivery materials, and future nanodevices owing to their excellent magnetic–fluorescent properties, flexibility, and insolubility.
Biological Production of 2‐Butanone in Escherichia coli
Authors: Yoneda Hisanari , Tantillo Dean J. , Atsumi Shota 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAn Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain was engineered to synthesize 2‐butanone from glucose by extending the 2,3‐butanediol synthesis reaction sequence catalyzed by exogenous enzymes. To convert 2,3‐butanediol to 2‐butanone, B12‐dependent glycerol dehydratase from Klebsiella pneumoniae was introduced into E. coli. It has been proposed that the enzyme has a weak activity toward 2,3‐butanediol. The activity in E. coli is confirmed in this study. Furthermore, co‐expressing coenzyme B12 reactivators increased the 2‐butanone titer. This demonstration of 2‐butanone production by extending the 2,3‐butanediol biosynthetic pathway provides the possibility to produce this valuable chemical renewably.
Air stepping in response to optic flows that move Toward and Away from the neonate
Authors: Barbu‐Roth Marianne , Anderson David I. , Desprès Adeline , Streeter Ryan J. , Cabrol Dominique , Trujillo Michael , Campos Joseph J. , Provasi Joëlle 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTo shed further light on the perceptual regulation of newborn stepping, we compared neonatal air stepping in response to optic flows simulating forward or backward displacement with stepping forward on a surface. Twenty‐two 3‐day‐olds performed four 60 s trials in which they stepped forward on a table (Tactile) or in the air in response to a pattern that moved toward (Toward) or away (Away) from them or was static (Static). Significantly more steps were taken in the Tactile and Toward conditions than the Static condition. The Away condition was intermediate to the other conditions. The knee joint activity across the entire trial was significantly greater in the Toward than the Away condition. Within‐limb kinematics and between‐limb coordination were very similar for steps taken in the air and on the table, particularly in the Toward and Tactile conditions. These findings highlight that visual and tactile stimulation can equally elicit neonatal stepping. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 1142–1149, 2014.
Heterozygosity is linked to the costs of immunity in nestling great tits (Parus major)
Authors: Voegeli Beatrice , Saladin Verena , Wegmann Michèle , Richner Heinz 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThere is growing evidence that heterozygosity–fitness correlations (HFCs) are more pronounced under harsh conditions. Empirical evidence suggests a mediating effect of parasite infestation on the occurrence of HFCs. Parasites have the potential to mediate HFCs not only by generally causing high stress levels but also by inducing resource allocation tradeoffs between the necessary investments in immunity and other costly functions. To investigate the relative importance of these two mechanisms, we manipulated growth conditions of great tit nestlings by brood size manipulation, which modifies nestling competition, and simultaneously infested broods with ectoparasites. We investigated under which treatment conditions HFCs arise and, second, whether heterozygosity is linked to tradeoff decisions between immunity and growth. We classified microsatellites as neutral or presumed functional and analyzed these effects separately. Neutral heterozygosity was positively related to the immune response to a novel antigen in parasite‐free nests, but not in infested nests. For nestlings with lower heterozygosity levels, the investments in immunity under parasite pressure came at the expenses of reduced feather growth, survival, and female body condition. Functional heterozygosity was negatively related to nestling immune response regardless of the growth conditions. These contrasting effects of functional and neutral markers might indicate different underlying mechanisms causing the HFCs. Our results confirm the importance of considering marker functionality in HFC studies and indicate that parasites mediate HFCs by influencing the costs of immune defense rather than by a general increase in environmental harshness levels.
Polyproline–OEG Co‐Oligomeric Dendrimers: A Family of Highly Branched Polyproline Macromolecules
Authors: Torres Ángela , Albericio Fernando , Royo Miriam 
Published: November 2013

AbstractHere we describe a class of co‐oligomer polyproline–oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) dendrimers composed of multiple copies of a polyproline building block coupled around OEG‐ and proline‐based cores. We explored a new approach that allowed us to build, in a controlled way, highly branched dendrimers using only two reactions steps and very simple purification processes. This methodology yielded diverse highly branched OEG–peptide dendrimers with a high degree of purity without the use of multivalent chemical ligation processes or click chemistry.
Effects of spatial correlation on QoS‐driven power allocation over Nakagami‐m fading channels in cognitive radio systems
Authors: Poulakis Marios I. , Vassaki Stavroula , Panagopoulos Athanasios D. , Constantinou Philip 
Published: November 2013

AbstractCognitive radio (CR) technology is a revolutionary wireless communication paradigm that targets at the efficient and flexible utilization of the limited radio spectrum resource. This paper considers a spectrum underlay CR system operating in a fading environment, where the secondary users (SUs) have specific communication quality requirements. In this system, the unlicenced SUs may coexist with the licenced primary users, as long as the average interference‐power that they cause to the primary users does not exceed a threshold value.The concept of spatial correlation (cross‐correlation) of Nakagami‐m fading channels is introduced in the quality of service‐driven CR system. Specifically, we present a power allocation scheme that aims at maximising the SU's effective capacity, and we study the effects of the spatial channel correlation on the performance of the proposed scheme. In order to investigate thoroughly the impact of fading correlation, two different scenarios are studied, depending on which links are considered correlated, the receive correlation model and the transmit correlation model. The performance of the proposed allocation scheme is evaluated through simulations. Finally, the effects of spatial channel correlation for different system requirements and scenarios are presented and discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of feedback delay on dual‐hop fixed gain relay networks over mixed fading channels
Authors: Lin Min , An Kang , Ouyang Jian , Wei Heng , Dang Jun‐Hong 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we investigate the effect of feedback delay on a dual‐hop fixed gain amplify‐and‐forward relay network over Rayleigh–Rician mixed fading channels, where the source and destination are all equipped with multiple antennas, while the relay has a single antenna. By using the model of beamforming with feedback delay, the equivalent output signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of the amplify‐and‐forward relay network is first obtained. Then, based on the infinite series representation, the analytical expressions for the outage probability and the probability density function of the output SNR are derived. Furthermore, the analytical formulas of the ergodic capacity and the average symbol error rate formulas with various modulation formats are developed. To reveal the diversity order and array gain of the multi‐antenna relay network, the asymptotic average symbol error rates at high SNR are also presented. Finally, computer simulations are provided to validate the theoretical analysis and to indicate the effect of antenna number, feedback delay and channel parameters on the system performance. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of potent sulfur‐containing odorants in scent glands of edible male giant water bug, Lethocerus indicus (Lep. and Serv.)
Authors: Kiatbenjakul Patthamawadi , Intarapichet Kanok‐Orn , Cadwallader Keith R. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTGiant water bug (Lethocerus indicus Lep. and Serv.) is an edible fresh water insect used for flavouring some types of Thai chili pastes and fish sauce products due to its distinctive aroma. Aroma‐active compounds in the scent glands of male giant water bugs were determined by gas chromatography–olfactometry and aroma extract dilution analysis. Two trace odorants with sulfurous/catty‐like and ripe guava‐like odours were detected with flavour dilution factors of 729 and 9, respectively. Additional enrichment steps consisting of ultrasonic direct solvent extraction/solvent‐assisted flavour evaporation combined with mercurated agarose gel chromatography enabled the identification of the compounds 3‐sulfanylhexyl acetate and 3‐sulfanyl‐1‐hexanol (tentatively identified). These sulfur‐containing compounds were identified for the first time in the scent glands of male giant water bug and are thought to contribute important characteristic odours to the overall aroma of giant water bug. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive computation of aeroacoustic sources for a rudimentary landing gear
Authors: de Abreu Rodrigo Vilela , Jansson Niclas , Hoffman Johan 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYWe present our simulation results for the benchmark problem of the flow past a rudimentary landing gear using a General Galerkin FEM, also referred to as adaptive DNS/LES. In General Galerkin, no explicit subgrid model is used; instead, the computational mesh is adaptively refined with respect to an a posteriori error estimate of a quantity of interest in the computation, in this case, the drag force on the rudimentary landing gear. Turbulent boundary layers are modeled using a simple wall‐layer model with the shear stress at walls proportional to the skin friction, which here is assumed to be small and, therefore, can be approximated by zero skin friction. We compare our results with experimental data and other state of the art computations, where we find good agreement in sound pressure levels, surface velocities, and flow separation. We also compare with detailed surface pressure experimental data where we find largely good agreement, apart from some local differences for which we discuss possible explanations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comparative study of lattice Boltzmann methods using bounce‐back schemes and immersed boundary ones for flow acoustic problems
Authors: Chen Li , Yu Yang , Lu Jianhua , Hou Guoxiang 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYIn order to find applicable treatments of moving boundary conditions based on the lattice Boltzmann method in flow acoustic problems, three bounce‐back (BB) methods and four kinds of immersed boundary (IB) methods are compared. We focused on fluid–solid boundary conditions for flow acoustic problems especially the simulations of sound waves from moving boundaries. BB methods include link bounce‐back, interpolation bounce‐back and unified interpolation bounce‐back methods. Five IB methods are explicit and implicit direct‐forcing (Explicit‐IB and Implicit‐IB), two kinds of partially saturated computational methods and ghost fluid method. In order to reduce the spurious pressure generated by the fresh grid node changing from solid domain to fluid domain for BB methods and sharp IB methods, we proposed two new kinds of treatments and compared them with two existing ones. Simulations of the benchmark problems prove that the local evolutionary iteration (LI) is the best one in treatments of the fresh nodes. In addition, for standing boundary problems, although BB methods have a little higher accuracy, all the methods have similar accuracy. However, for moving boundary problems, IB methods are more appropriate than BB methods, because IB methods' smooth interpolation of pressure eld produces less disturbing spurious pressure waves. With improved treatments of fresh nodes, BB methods are also acceptable for moving boundary acoustic problems. In comparative tests in respective type, unified interpolation bounce‐back with LI, Implicit‐IB, and ghost fluid with LI are the best choices. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maternal Vitamin D Status During Pregnancy and Bone Mass in Offspring at 20 Years of Age: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhu Kun , Whitehouse Andrew JO , Hart Prue H , Kusel Merci , Mountain Jenny , Lye Stephen , Pennell Craig , Walsh John P 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACT

It is uncertain whether the vitamin D status of pregnant women influences bone mass of their children. Cohort studies have yielded conflicting results; none have examined offspring at skeletal maturity. This longitudinal, prospective study investigated the association between maternal vitamin D status and peak bone mass of offspring in 341 mother and offspring pairs in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. Maternal serum samples collected at 18 weeks gestation were assayed for 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD). Outcomes were total body bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in offspring at 20 years of age. The mean (± SD) maternal serum 25OHD concentration was 57.2 ± 19.2 nmol/L; 132 women (38.7%) were vitamin D-deficient (25OHD &lt;50 nmol/L). After adjustment for season of sample collection, maternal factors, and offspring factors (sex, birth weight, and age, height, lean mass, and fat mass at 20 years), maternal 25OHD concentration was positively associated with total body BMC and BMD in offspring, with a mean difference of 19.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.6–32.7) g for BMC and 4.6 (95% CI, 0.1–9.1) mg/cm2 for BMD per 10.0 nmol/L of maternal 25OHD. Maternal vitamin D deficiency was associated with 2.7% lower total body BMC (mean ± SE) (2846 ± 20 versus 2924 ± 16 g, p = 0.004) and 1.7% lower total body BMD (1053 ± 7 versus 1071 ± 5 mg/cm2, p = 0.043) in the offspring. We conclude that vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women is associated with lower peak bone mass in their children. This may increase fracture risk in the offspring in later life. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.