bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of the physical activity intervention on sleep in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Tong , Li Weicheng , Deng Jiaxin , Zhang Qiubo , Liu Yongfeng , Zheng Haoyu 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveThe purpose of this review was to synthesize the current literature on the relationship between sleep and physical activity in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders.MethodsArticles were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Cochrane, and Embase until April 2024. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3.ResultsOur results show that measuring sleep parameters by means of different measuring tools yields different results. Most studies have found no association between sleep and physical activity in children with neurodevelopmental disorders, especially when measured subjectively, such as parent reports and sleep logs. Physical activity interventions had a significant effect on sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep duration when measured objectively using instruments such as wrist actigraphy. Meta-analysis showed that children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders who participated in mind–body activities (SMD = −3.01, 95%CI = −4.15~−1.87, p &lt; 0.001, I2 = 99%) showed significant improvements in sleep, which were sessions lasting more than 12 weeks (SMD = −1.01, p &lt; 0.01, I2 = 97%), performed at least 3 times per week (SMD = −0.81, 95%CI = −1.53~−0.10, p = 0.03, I2 = 95%), and lasted for more than 60 min per session (SMD = −1.55, 95%CI = −2.67~−0.43, p = 0.007, I2 = 97%). However, the results of these subgroup analyses must be interpreted with caution because of the small number of studies included.ConclusionOur results show that measuring sleep parameters by means of different measuring tools yields different results. There was difficulty in interpreting many of the studies included in this meta-analysis, in view of the non-standardization of protocol, especially the ability range of the cohort, duration of the study, recommended exercises, whether the caregivers or researchers supervised the exercise regime/activity, and the practicality of continuing the exercise long-term by caregivers.Systematic review registrationIdentifier, CRD42024541300.
The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic and transcranial direct current stimulation on memory functions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Mengdie , Nitsche Michael A. , Lv Yanxin , Han Hairong , Lin Xu , Qi Fengxue 
Published: August 2024

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition that impairs activities of daily living, and often transforms to dementia. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) show promise in improving cognitive functions in MCI patients. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to compare the effects of rTMS and tDCS on memory functions in MCI patients. We explored eight databases from their inception to March 16, 2024. We obtained 11 studies with 406 patients with MCI. We used the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) to synthesize the effect size. rTMS and tDCS significantly improved memory functions in MCI patients (SMD = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.41–0.82; p &lt; 0.00001; I2 = 22%). In subgroup analysis of number of stimulation sessions, both rTMS and tDCS over 10 sessions (SMD = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.50–1.17, p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 0%) significantly improved the memory function in MCI patients. The subgroup analyses on different stimulation types (SMD = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.51–1.06; p &lt; 0.00001; I2 = 0%) and treatment persistent effects (SMD = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.51–1.35, p &lt; 0.0001, I2 = 0%) showed that rTMS was more effective than tDCS. rTMS with a stimulation frequency of 10 Hz (SMD = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.51–1.21; p &lt; 0.00001; I2 = 0%) and over 10 sessions (SMD = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.58–1.38; p &lt; 0.00001; I2 = 0%) at multiple sites (SMD = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.44–1.49; p = 0.0003; I2 = 0%) showed a great improvement in the memory performance of patients with MCI. rTMS was more likely to appear temporary side effects (risk ratio (RR) = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.29–7.83, p = 0.01). This meta-analysis suggests that rTMS and tDCS are safe and efficient tools to improve memory functions in patients with MCI, while rTMS had a larger effect than tDCS. rTMS with a stimulation frequency of 10 Hz targeted on multiple sites over 10 sessions showed the greatest effect. We could not conclude parameters of tDCS because of insufficient data.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42024558991.
Comparison of alterations in local field potentials and neuronal firing in mouse M1 and CA1 associated with central fatigue induced by high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training
Authors: Liu Yuncheng , Lao Weiyi , Mao Haojie , Zhong Yaoyao , Wang Jihui , Ouyang Wei 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe mechanisms underlying central fatigue (CF) induced by high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) are still not fully understood.MethodsIn order to explore the effects of these exercises on the functioning of cortical and subcortical neural networks, this study investigated the effects of HIIT and MICT on local field potential (LFP) and neuronal firing in the mouse primary motor cortex (M1) and hippocampal CA1 areas. HIIT and MICT were performed on C57BL/6 mice, and simultaneous multichannel recordings were conducted in the M1 motor cortex and CA1 hippocampal region.ResultsA range of responses were elicited, including a decrease in coherence values of LFP rhythms in both areas, and an increase in slow and a decrease in fast power spectral density (PSD, n = 7–9) respectively. HIIT/MICT also decreased the gravity frequency (GF, n = 7–9) in M1 and CA1. Both exercises decreased overall firing rates, increased time lag of firing, declined burst firing rates and the number of spikes in burst, and reduced burst duration (BD) in M1 and CA1 (n = 7–9). While several neuronal firing properties showed a recovery tendency, the alterations of LFP parameters were more sustained during the 10-min post-HIIT/MICT period. MICT appeared to be more effective than HIIT in affecting LFP parameters, neuronal firing rate, and burst firing properties, particularly in CA1. Both exercises significantly affected neural network activities and local neuronal firing in M1 and CA1, with MICT associated with a more substantial and consistent suppression of functional integration between M1 and CA1.ConclusionOur study provides valuable insights into the neural mechanisms involved in exercise-induced central fatigue by examining the changes in functional connectivity and coordination between the M1 and CA1 regions. These findings may assist individuals engaged in exercise in optimizing their exercise intensity and timing to enhance performance and prevent excessive fatigue. Additionally, the findings may have clinical implications for the development of interventions aimed at managing conditions related to exercise-induced fatigue.
A model for the promotion of consumption of locally available indigenous vegetables among primary school children
Authors: Mbhatsani Hlekani Vanessa , Tambe Betrand Ayuk , Zuma Mthokozisi Kwazi , Mbhenyane Xikombiso G. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionThe study’s primary aim was to develop a model for promoting the consumption of selected locally available indigenous vegetables for primary school children. Model development was phase three of a bigger study.MethodsA qualitative approach was used for this phase. The model was developed following three steps: model design, development, and validation. The iterative phases of model development starting with data preparation, data understanding, model assembly, model audit and model delivery were adopted.ResultsThe model is influenced by the World Health Organization’s approaches (medical, educational, behavioural change, empowerment, and societal change approaches). The researchers synthesised the data from phases one and two of the study and selected content which suited the model. Two experts’ engagement consultations were conducted for inputs: one face-to-face and one virtual. This was followed by model validation from the end users.DiscussionThe model developed for this study proposes that, for the promotion of locally available indigenous vegetables within the primary school setting, the following critical issues should happen: i) a medical approach should be in place; ii) education or correct information should be provided; iii) behavioural change should be enabled; iv) empowerment should be provided, and v) societal enhancement should be encouraged. Furthermore, it suggests that the promotion of the consumption of locally available vegetables among primary school children can be achieved when the identified stakeholders work together.
Association between dietary intake of selenium and chronic kidney disease in US adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2015–2018
Authors: Pi Ying , Liao Xianyong , Song Xiaodan , Cao Yuyu , Tang Xiaona , Lin Guobing , Zhong Yanghong 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is currently a widespread chronic illness, and its development is influenced by nutrients. Selenium plays a crucial role in the intervention and therapy of various chronic illness. In this study, we aimed to investigate the connection between dietary selenium intake and CKD in adults in the United States.MethodsWe included 6,390 individuals from the datasets of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2015 and 2018. We used multiple logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression, and forest plots to investigate the connection between dietary selenium intake and CKD.ResultsAfter fully adjusting the data of 6,390 individuals from NHANES between 2015 and 2018, 1,523 (23.83%) of the individuals were identified as having chronic kidney disease (CKD). The rates of CKD in participants with average selenium intakes of ≤0.072, 0.072–0.103, 0.103–0.144, and &gt; 0.144 mg/day were 27.53, 25.11, 22.42, and 19.96%, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the fully adjusted odds ratio (OR) values for CKD according to dietary selenium intake were 1 (reference), 0.94 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79–1.12, p = 0.466), 0.82 (95% CI:0.68–0.98, p = 0.033), and 0.77 (95% CI:0.63–0.95, p = 0.016) for the four selenium intake levels, respectively, with P trend = 0.007. The dietary selenium intake was negatively associated with the incidence of CKD, after adjusting for other confounding factors. The risk of CKD decreased by 7.7% for every additional 0.1 mg of dietary selenium intake.ConclusionA higher dietary selenium intake correlates significantly and negatively with the incidence of CKD.
Personality dimensions, depression, and eating behavior in individuals seeking bariatric surgery: a cluster analysis
Authors: Rodolico Alessandro , La Rosa Valentina Lucia , Romaniello Caterina , Concerto Carmen , Meo Valeria , Saitta Giulia , Sturiale Serena , Signorelli Maria Salvina , Wang Ray , Solhkhah Ramon , Phalen Catherine , Kelson Michael , Eugenio Aguglia , Terlecky Stanley R. , Thomas Florian Patrick , Battaglia Fortunato 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionPsychiatric comorbidity is frequent in bariatric surgery candidates. This study aimed to classify bariatric surgery patients according to patterns of preoperative measures of the severity of the eating disorder (ED), depression, and personality traits.MethodsIn the present cross-sectional study, 115 adult candidates for bariatric surgery (75 females, 65.22% of sample; mean age 37) were considered for analysis. Patients’ sociodemographic and psychopathological variables were collected. K-Means clustering analysis was adopted to classify bariatric surgery candidates according to their preoperative Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) scores. In addition, we assessed depression and personality traits using the Beck Depression Inventory-2 (BDI-2) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2).ResultsCluster analysis based on EDI-2 revealed two preoperative patterns: higher severity (n = 39), and low severity (n = 76). The more severe EDI-2 group had higher scores on the BDI-2 and presented higher scores on several MMPI-2 dimensions, particularly those related to anxiety (Psychasthenia, Anxiety, Fears, Obsessiveness), depression (Depression, including both content and clinical MMPI-2 subscales), externalizing symptoms (Anger, Cynicism, Type A Behavior), and social functioning (Social Introversion, Family Problems, Work Interference).DiscussionEating disorders symptoms in candidates for bariatric surgery are closely related to depression and different psychological conditions assessed with MMPI-2. These psychological variables should be evaluated preoperatively and targeted with more specific psychological interventions.
Androgenic alopecia is associated with higher dietary inflammatory index and lower antioxidant index scores
Authors: Bazmi Sina , Sepehrinia Matin , Pourmontaseri Hossein , Bazyar Hadi , Vahid Farhad , Farjam Mojtaba , Dehghan Azizallah , Hébert James R. , Homayounfar Reza , Shakouri Negin 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundAndrogenic alopecia (AGA), the most prevalent hair loss type, causes major psychological distress and reduced quality of life. A definite and safe cure/prevention for this condition is still lacking. The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in AGA pathogenesis prompted us to investigate the association between dietary antioxidant index (DAI) and energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) with AGA.MethodsThe investigation was designed based on data from 10,138 participants from the Fasa Adult Cohort Study (FACS). DAI and energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) were calculated utilizing a validated 125-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). A physician diagnosed AGA. Logistic regression models were utilized to evaluate the association of DAI and E-DII with AGA.ResultsAfter exclusion, 9,647 participants (44.0% men, mean age: 48.6 ± 9.5 years) consisting of 7,348 participants with AGA entered the analyses. Higher DAI was associated with 10% lower AGA odds, while higher E-DII showed 4% higher AGA odds after adjusting for various confounding variables. However, significant associations were found only among women, and adjusting for metabolic syndrome (MetS) made the E-DII-AGA association insignificant.ConclusionAntioxidant-rich diets protect against AGA, while pro-inflammatory diets increase the risk, likely through developing MetS. Patient nutrition is frequently overlooked in clinical practice, yet it plays a crucial role, especially for women genetically predisposed to androgenetic alopecia. Dietary changes, such as reducing pro-inflammatory foods (like trans and saturated fats) and increasing anti-inflammatory options (fruits and vegetables), can help prevent hair loss and mitigate its psychological impacts, ultimately lowering future treatment costs.
Dietary fatty acids and gallstone risk: insights from NHANES and Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Wang Minghe , Guo Jintao , Sun Siyu 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPrior research suggests polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may prevent gallstones, but evidence on saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) is limited. This study aims to explore the associations between fatty acids and gallstones using a large sample of American population and Mendelian randomization (MR) methods.MethodsThe cross-sectional study involved 6,629 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2020. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were conducted after stratifying by gender subgroups. Two-sample MR analysis was used to explore the causal relationship between fatty acids and gallstones without confounding factors.ResultsIn females, higher SFA intake was positively associated with gallstone risk, while higher intake of n-3 and n-6 PUFA was negatively associated. No significant associations were found in males. No nonlinear correlations were found in any group by RCS analysis. MR analysis indicated that SFA, n-3, and n-6 PUFA could reduce gallstone risk.ConclusionThe influence of dietary fatty acid composition on gallstone development differs by gender, providing insights into dietary prevention and treatment of gallstones.
Radiomics analysis of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for evaluating vessels encapsulating tumour clusters in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jiyun , Liu Maotong , Qu Qi , Lu Mengtian , Liu Zixin , Yan Zuyi , Xu Lei , Gu Chunyan , Zhang Xueqin , Zhang Tao 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThe aim of this study was to develop an integrated model that combines clinical-radiologic and radiomics features based on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for preoperative evaluating of vessels encapsulating tumour clusters (VETC) patterns in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsThis retrospective study encompassed 234 patients who underwent surgical resection. Among them, 101 patients exhibited VETC-positive HCC, while 133 patients displayed VETC-negative HCC. Volumes of interest were manually delineated for entire tumour regions in the arterial phase (AP), portal phase (PP), and hepatobiliary phase (HBP) images. Independent predictors for VETC were identified through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariable logistic regression analysis, utilising radiomics-AP, PP, HBP, along with 24 imaging features and 19 clinical characteristics. Subsequently, the clinico-radiologic model, radiomics model, and integrated model were established, with a nomogram visualising the integrated model. The performance for VETC prediction was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsThe integrated model, composed of 3 selected traditional imaging features (necrosis or severe ischemia [OR=2.457], peripheral washout [OR=1.678], LLR_AP (Lesion to liver ratio_AP) [OR=0.433] and radiomics-AP [OR=2.870], radiomics-HBP [OR=2.023], radiomics-PP [OR=1.546]), showcased good accuracy in predicting VETC patterns in both the training (AUC=0.873, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.821-0.925)) and validation (AUC=0.869, 95% CI:0.789-0.950) cohorts.ConclusionThis study established an integrated model that combines traditional imaging features and radiomic features from gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI, demonstrating good performance in predicting VETC patterns.
Case report: A case of Savolitinib in the treatment of MET amplification mutation advanced lung adenocarcinoma with rare bilateral breast metastasis
Authors: Deng Rui , Li Yan-ying , Bai Liang-liang , Zhou Li , Wang Yong-Sheng 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe distant metastasis of lung cancer primarily occurs in the bones, liver, brain, and lungs, while the breast is an extremely rare site of metastasis. There is very limited literature on the occurrence of breast metastasis from lung cancer, and metastatic lesions in the breast are prone to being misdiagnosed as primary breast cancer, requiring careful attention and differentiation in the clinical diagnostic and treatment process.Case summaryThe patient, a 63-year-old female, initially presented with an EGFR exon 21 L858R mutated left lung adenocarcinoma in 2017, treated successfully with surgical resection and subsequent monitoring. The relapse of disease occurred in January 2020. Despite maintaining a prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) with first-generation EGFR-TKI Afatinib, disease progression occurred in 2022 without detectable resistance mutations. Transition to second-generation TKI Furmonertinib resulted in poor control, with rapid progression including unusual bilateral breast metastases that exhibited inflammatory breast cancer-like peau d’orange changes. Standard chemotherapy achieved only short-term stability. Upon detecting a MET amplification mutation, treatment with Savolitinib was initiated. Remarkably, this led to significant clinical and radiographic improvement, notably resolving the peau d’orange appearance and reducing multiple lesions across the body.ConclusionThis case underscores the importance of continuous genetic profiling and tailored treatment approaches in managing advanced lung adenocarcinoma, particularly when presenting with rare metastatic sites and complex genetic landscapes. The successful application of Savolitinib following the identification of a MET amplification mutation highlights its potential in overcoming resistance mechanisms in NSCLC, providing a significant therapeutic option for similarly challenging cases.
Is it normal to lead? Evaluating the role of superiority and similarity in leader emergence
Authors: Harms Peter D. , Paterson Ted A. , Wood Dustin , Fezzey Tyler N. A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionAttempts to explain the leader emergence process have resulted in several seemingly contradictory assertions about who attains power and influence in groups. As such, this study pioneers a novel integration of the two dominant explanations of leader emergence: superiority (trait-based perspective) and similarity (social identity perspective). We posit that the two primary aspects of non-normality—uniqueness and strangeness—have opposing relationships with leader emergence in groups.MethodologyThrough multiple regression analyses, we utilized peer and self-evaluations in a sample of 308 participants in seven social organizations to assess whether and how non-normality evaluations predict formal and informal leadership emergence.ResultsThis study provides general support for a relationship between the non-normality dimensions and leader emergence, particularly when evaluations are made by peers. Additionally, we demonstrate that non-normality evaluations predict leader emergence above and beyond evaluations of the Big Five.DiscussionThis research lays the groundwork for a new era in leadership research that embraces the duality of individual traits and social perceptions, paving the way for a more nuanced and effective approach to leader emergence within dynamic group settings.