bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple breccia events in the lower part of the Carboniferous Windsor Group, Nova Scotia
Authors: Lavoie D. , Sangster D. F. , Savard M. M. , Fallara F. 
Published: September 2014

Base metal occurrences in the Carboniferous Windsor Group are commonly associated with carbonate breccias of which three types are recognized: one synsedimentary, one tectonic and one post-burial karstic. The synsedimentary type occurs in the Macumber Formation and in the so-called Pembroke siderite (Walton area); sedimentologic and diagenetic elements indicate rotational slides on a deep-water slope. The tectonic breccia occurs along the top of the Macumbcr Formation and is a manifestation of the Ainslie Detachment, a flat-lying extcnsional fault. Finally, what is referred to as the Pembroke breccia consists of irregularly distributed, post-burial, post-tectonic, post-mineralization, karstic, solution-collapse breccia. The synsedimentary and tectonic breccias are either pre- or syn-ore, although, both have played a key role in localizing mineral deposition through enhanced permeability, as exemplified by the Jubilee and Walton deposits.

RÉSUMÉ
Les minéralisations métalliferes dans le Groupe de Windsor (Carbonifere) sont généralement associées à des brèches à carbonates desquelles trois types sont reconnues: l'une synsédimentaire, une tectonique et une post-enfouissement karstique. La breche synsédimentaire est présente dans la Formation de Macumber et dans l'unité connue comme la Sidérite de Pembroke (région de Walton); les éléments sédimentologiques et diaginétiques suggèrent des glissements rotation els sur une pente en eau profonde. Une brèche tectonique est présente au sommet de la Formation de Macumber, die est la manifestation du Détachement d'Ainslie, une faille extensionnelle sub-horizontale. Finalement, ce qui est désigné comme la brèche de Pembroke consiste en une brèche karstique d'effondrcment par solution, laquelle est post-enfouissement, post-tectonisme, post-minéralisation et à distribution très iirégulière. Les breches synsédimentaires et tectoniques sont soit pre- ou syn-minéralisation, cependant, ces deux dernières ont joué un rôle crucial dans la localisation des depots minéralises en augmentant la perméabilité des unités, comme illustré par les dépôts de Jubilee et de Walton.
Geochemistry of the Annidale Group: implications for the tectonic setting of Lower Ordovician volcanism in southwestern New Brunswick
Authors: MacLeod M. J. , Winchester J. A. , Ruitenberg A. A. 
Published: September 2014

Chemical analyses from volcanic rocks in the Lower Ordovician Annidale Group in southern New Brunswick indicate that it contains two main suites. The volumetrically more abundant suite is bimodal, and consists of within-plate tholeiitic basalt and myolite. The other suite contains rocks that exhibit features indicative of oceanic or possibly subduction-related magmatism. The chemistry of the former suite is consistent with the current interpretation that Ordovician volcanism in southwestern New Brunswick occurred in a back-arc basin. The latter suite, situated near the highly-sheared southeastern margin of the Annidale Group, apparently contains remnants of a different magmatic series near the suture zone between the Gander Zone and the surface expression of the Avalon Zone to the southeast.

RÉSUMÉ
Les analyses chimiques des roches volcaniques du Groupe d'Annidale, de l'Ordovicien inférieur, dans le sud du Nouvcau-Brunswick indique que celui-ci comprend deux suites principales. La suite la plus abondante en termes de volume est bimodale et comprend des basaltes tholéiitiqucs intraplaques et des rhyolites. L'autre suite contient des roches qui montrent des caractéristiques indiquant un magmatisme océanique ou possiblement relic; a la subduction. La chimie de la première suite est en accord avec l'interprétation prévalant actuellement voulant que le volcanisme ordovicien du sud du Nouveau-Brunswick ait eu lieu dans un bassin d'arrière-arc. La seconde suitée, située près de la bordure sud-est, fortement cisaillée, du Groupe d'Annidale, contient apparemment des reliques d'une séine magmatique différente près de la zone de suture entre la zone de Gander et Pexpression en surface de la zone d'Avalon vers le sud-est.

[Traduit par la rédaction]
Cenozoic micropaleontological biostratigraphy of the LASMO/NSR(V)L Cohasset Producer CP1 P-51 well, Scotian Shelf
Authors: Thomas F. C. 
Published: September 2014

Cuttings samples from the Cenozoic section of the well LASMO/NSR(V)L Cohasset Producer CP1 P-Sl (Cohasset field, Scotian Shelf) have been analyzed for microfossil content These closely spaced samples contain assemblages of fora-minifera and other microfossils of Paleocene to early Middle Miocene age, based both on diagnostic planktonic foraminifera and some regional benthic markers. A single major break or reduction in deposition has removed or compressed strata of Late Eocene age, suggesting an unconformity or hiatus between Oligocene and upper Middle Eocene strata.

The microfossil assemblages suggest a middle to upper bathyal environment for this site during most of the Paleogene, grading up into neritic conditions in the Oligocene and Miocene. Relatively silty and later sandy deposits at the site may have reduced or diluted microfossil numbers and diversities. An eroding Mesozoic outcrop in the area contributed Late Cretaceous contaminants during the Paleogene.

RÉSUMÉ
Des échantillons d'éclats de roche provenant dc la portion cénozoique du puits producteur de Cohasset CP1 P-Sl LASMO/NSR(V)L (champ de Cohasset, plate-forme écossaise) ont été analysés pour leur contenu en microfossiles. Ces échantillons peu espacés contiennent des assemblages de foraminifères et d'autres microfossiles d'âges allant du Paléocene jusqu'au début du Miocène moyen, d'après de foraminifères planctoniques diagnostiques et quelques marqueurs benthiqucs régionaux. Une seule discontinuité majeure ou ralentissement de déposition a enlevé ou aminci les strates d'âge Éocene tardif, suggérant une discordance ou un hiatus cntre les strates oligocènes et du sommet de l'Éocene moyen.

Les assemblages de microfossiles suggèrent des environnements bathyaux moyens è supérieurs pour ce site pendant la plupart du Palèogéne, allant graduellement à des conditions néritiques a l'Oligocène et au Miocene. Des dépôts relativement silteux et plus tard saWeux à cet endroit ont pu réduire ou diluer le nombre et la diversité des microfossiles. Un affleurement de roches mésozoiques qui s'érodait dans cette région a introduit des contaminants cretacés pendant le Paléogène.

[Traduit par la rédaction]
From ‘9-11’ to the ‘Iraq War 2003’
Authors: McGoldrick Dominic 
Published: September 2014

This book is a tale of two towers,two wars and two visions. The two towers are those of the World Trade Center in New York, destroyed by a terrorist attack on 11 September 2001. The two wars are the War Against Terrorism and the War on Iraq. The two visions are of the international legal and political order for the twenty-first century. The issues involved in the War Against Terrorism and the War on Iraq are of fundamental importance because they may define the shape of international order for the twenty-first century.
The book has a number of themes. First, it considers the principal international law and international order issues involved in the War Against Terrorism and in the War on Iraq in 2003. Specific attention is given to the application of international humanitarian and international human rights law in the wars. Secondly it asks how the international debate on the Iraq War was conducted and why? Finally it questions whether the post-1945 system of international laws and organizations is capable of surviving, and in what form?
Chapter one outlines how the relationship between war and the international legal order has evolved and introduces the idea of ‘complexity theory’ as a framework for understanding the events and issues considered in this book. Chapter two considers the pattern of events from the attacks on the US on 9-11 to the Iraq War 2003. Chapter three addresses the issues of law and morality involved in the War Against Terrorism and the War on Iraq. Chapter four focuses on the moral and legal debate around the War on Iraq and chapter five considers the systemic consequences for international law doctrine and practice, giving particular weight to US policy and approaches and how other states have responded to them. Chapter six appraises the post-war situation in Iraq in terms of political and economic organisation and human rights. It also assesses the consequences of the status of post-war Iraq for the wider region. Chapter seven concludes the book by examining the possible implications of the War Against Terrorism and the War on Iraq for world order in the twenty-first century.
Carlotta Monterey O'Neill's “Memorial for Gene”
Authors: King William Davies 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Carlotta Monterey O'Neill's decision to release Long Day's Journey Into Night in 1956, first for publication by Yale University Press and later for production by the Royal Swedish Theatre seemed to defy the wish of her late husband Eugene O'Neill (1888–1953), who had called for the play to be withheld until twenty-five years after his death. Her diaries from 1953 to 1957 show that a variety of circumstances led to her decision, including shifting loyalties, old scores settled, and new thinking about how best to use this play of autobiographical reminiscence as an effective memorial for the Nobel Prize–winning playwright. This article is a preface to the excerpted diaries, which follow.
“A Necessary but Not Sufficient Condition”:
Authors: Shipley Morgan 
Published: September 2014

ABSTRACT
In 1957, Aldous Huxley published The Doors of Perception, a work that would galvanize debates regarding the sacredness and profaneness of mystical consciousness. In connecting psychedelically inspired, unmediated perception with mystical, and perennial, modes of understanding, Huxley, critics like R. C. Zaehner declared, elided the conditions that make mystical consciousness possible, inserting an amoral universal monism where only theistic doctrines should function. The comparative debates that subsequently emerged over the nature of real versus ersatz mysticism, while questioning critically the connection between morality and mysticism, ultimately extend beyond a mere critique of psychedelic culture. More distinctly, the debates over the “authenticity,” “truth,” and ethical weight of psychedelic mysticism demonstrate the challenges perennial beliefs posed to traditional, supernaturally based monotheistic religions. What critics of psychedelic mysticism fail to understand, as evidenced by Zaehner's extended critique of Huxley, is the efficacy of psychedelics as a sacramental source for reimagining the experience of everyday living. The significance of reading the perennial undertones of the psychedelic experience can thus be found in Huxley's overarching religious proclamation: “The truth is, of course, that we are all organically related to God, to Nature and to our fellow men.” To inhabit the perennial philosophy as a mode of being makes unitive interconnection the lived expression of reality; it reveals, as Huxley's final psychedelic revelation signifies, that “one never loves enough.” Indeed, as this article argues through an engagement with the comparative debates that emerged in the 1960s, the liminal spaces unveiled in psychedelic consciousness—between the divine wonders of theism and the natural emptiness of monism—helped the 1960s counterculture reimagine, and reengage, complex dialogues between self and other, between the always already and the never quite yet. In so doing, psychedelic mysticism comes to represent an entry point into a perennial religion in which the divisive characteristics of modern religious and political positions gives way to an unmediated space of interconnection. Here, then, the psychedelic becomes the entheogenic: it inspires—as it did for members of the Marsh Chapel Experiment, a case study this article concludes with—a unitive, spiritual experience structured within an alteration of consciousness unbounded and unlimited.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of 2-(p-Substituted Phenyl)-5-[(4-substituted piperazin-1-yl)acetamido]-benzoxazoles
Authors: Arisoy Mustafa , Temiz-Arpaci Ozlem , Kaynak-Onurdag Fatma , Ozgen Selda 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
series of 2-(p-substituted phenyl)-5-(2-{4-[(p-chloro-fluorophenyl)=phenyl] piperazin-1-yl}- acetamido)-benzoxazoles were synthesized and tested for their antimicrobial activities. The structures of the new derivatives were elucidated by spectral techniques. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the new benzoxazoles, along with those of previously synthesized analogues, were determined against standard bacterial and fungal strains and drug-resistant isolates, and compared with those of several reference drugs. The new benzoxazole derivatives were found to possess a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity with MIC values of 32 - 1024 μg/ml. Although the standard drugs were more active against the tested pathogens, the activities of the new benzoxazoles and the reference drugs were largely similar against the drug-resistant isolates.
Timing of Delivery and Neonatal Outcomes for Small‐for‐Gestational‐Age Fetuses
Authors: Visentin Silvia , Londero Ambrogio Pietro , Grumolato Francesca , Trevisanuto Daniele , Zanardo Vincenzo , Ambrosini Guido , Cosmi Erich 
Published: September 2014

ObjectivesTo investigate whether antenatal recognition of small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) fetuses with normal maternal and fetal Doppler values delivered after 34 weeks' gestation is associated with changes in the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we included 313 singleton SGA fetuses and 313 appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age control fetuses born between 34 and 42 weeks' gestation from 2009 to 2012. Small‐for‐gestational‐age fetuses identified before delivery (n = 124), for whom antenatal surveillance was performed until delivery (estimated fetal weight twice weekly and Doppler evaluation of the fetal compartment once weekly), were compared to those not identified at delivery (n = 189). The latter group did not undergo antenatal surveillance for several reasons (women for whom a sonographic evaluation or gynecologic consultation was not performed in the third trimester and incorrect sonographic biometric evaluation in the third trimester). Main outcome measures were mode of delivery, perinatal complications, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. The risk of serious fetal complications was assessed by cross‐tabulation analysis adjusted for gestational age and degree of SGA.ResultsPrenatally recognized SGA fetuses were smaller and delivered earlier than unrecognized SGA fetuses (P< .05). Fetal acidemia (pH <7.10) was significantly more common in unrecognized SGA fetuses (3.7% versus 0%). Small‐for‐gestational‐age fetuses at or below the 3rd percentile were more commonly recognized prenatally and hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit. Unrecognized SGA fetuses also had worse fetal outcomes compared to controls (P< .05). Recognized and unrecognized SGA fetuses were born significantly more frequently by cesarean delivery (P < .05). No significant differences in perinatal outcomes were found between recognized SGA deliveries with or without medical induction.ConclusionsAntenatal recognition of SGA fetuses delivered after 34 weeks' gestation might improve perinatal outcomes. Medical induction of labor did not modify neonatal outcomes among prenatally recognized SGA fetuses.
Detection of Fetal Structural Anomalies in a Basic First‐Trimester Screening Program for Aneuploidy
Authors: Bromley Bryann , Shipp Thomas D. , Lyons Jennifer , Navathe Reshama S. , Groszmann Yvette , Benacerraf Beryl R. 
Published: September 2014

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine whether first‐trimester aneuploidy screening sonography initially performed by credentialed sonographers was useful for detecting fetal anomalies between 11 and 14 weeks' gestation.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients referred to a private ultrasound facility between January 1, 2008, and June 30, 2012, for measurement of the nuchal translucency (NT) and crown‐rump length as part of a screening protocol for aneuploidy. Patients were included if there was at least 1 live fetus with a crown‐rump length between 34 and 84 mm. No specific anatomic imaging protocol was followed. The presence of anomalies was based on the sonographic report and review of the medical record. The absence of anomalies was based on the report from the anatomic survey. Anomalies were categorized as lethal, major, and minor. The anomaly category and gestational age at diagnosis (≤14 versus >14 weeks) were compared.ResultsAn NT scan was performed on 9692 fetuses. Anatomic surveys were done on 9077 (93.7%) of these fetuses at a mean of 18 weeks' gestation. Anomalies were detected in 180 fetuses (1.8%): 50 (0.5%) at the NT scan and 130 (1.3%) at the anatomic scan. Overall, 46 of 111 fetuses (41.4%) with major or lethal anomalies were detected at the NT scan. Two suspected abnormalities at the NT scan were not present at the anatomic scan.ConclusionsFirst‐trimester aneuploidy screening sonography initially performed by credentialed sonographers can identify a substantial proportion of major and lethal anomalies.
Enhanced Intensity on Preoperative Double Contrast‐Enhanced Sonography as a Useful Indicator of Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Gastric Cancer
Authors: Li Shi-yan , Huang Pin-tong , Xu Hai-shan , Liang Xiao , Lv Jiang-hong , Zhang Ying , Cai Xiu-jun , Cosgrove David 
Published: September 2014

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of enhanced intensity on double contrast‐enhanced sonography in assessing lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer.MethodsA total of 357 patients with gastric cancer were enrolled in this study. Double contrast‐enhanced sonography, in which an oral ultrasound contrast agent is combined with an intravenous contrast agent, was performed preoperatively, and the data were analyzed quantitatively. The predictive ability of enhanced intensity, a quantitative double contrast‐enhanced sonographic measure, for lymph node metastasis was evaluated retrospectively.ResultsCompared to negative lymph node metastasis cases, the presence of thicker lesions, deeper invasion, poorer differentiation, and higher enhanced intensity were found in positive cases (P< .05). An enhanced intensity cutoff value of 16.91 dB was the best point for balancing the sensitivity and specificity (71.50% and 79.30%, respectively) for prediction of lymph node metastasis, with the highest Youden index of 0.508. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.828 (P < .001; 95% confidence interval, 0.786–0.870). In cases in which the lesions were hyperenhanced (enhanced intensity >16.91 dB), the lesions were significantly thicker and had deeper invasion, poorer differentiation, and more positive metastasis findings compared to non‐hyperenhanced cases (enhanced intensity ≤16.91 dB; P < .05). On logistic regression analysis, the enhanced intensity of primary tumors and the invasion depth were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis.ConclusionsDouble contrast‐enhanced sonography with quantitative analysis may be considered a novel alternative imaging modality for noninvasive preoperative evaluation of lymph node metastasis with good reliability.
Effect of Internal Carotid Artery Stenting on Superior Thyroid Artery Doppler Flow
Authors: Gunduz Yasemin , Akdemir Ramazan , Varim Perihan , Ayhan Lacin Tatli , Cakar Mehmet Akif , Vatan Mehmet Bulent , Kilic Harun 
Published: September 2014

ObjectivesPatients with carotid disease are frequently referred for carotid artery stenting based on the results of carotid duplex studies. During carotid artery stenting, the stent is usually extended into the common carotid artery, thereby crossing the external carotid artery. Previous studies have shown conflicting results regarding internal carotid stenting and external carotid artery flow velocities, but the effect of stenting on ipsilateral superior thyroid artery velocities has not been defined. This study examined the effect of internal carotid angioplasty and stenting on the ipsilateral superior thyroid artery Doppler‐derived flow parameters.MethodsWe prospectively studied preinterventional and postinterventional duplex scans obtained from 41 patients (mean age ± SD, 64 ± 10 years) who underwent carotid artery stenting. The Doppler‐defined preprocedural peak systolic velocity (PSV) end‐diastolic velocity (EDV), resistive index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) in the ipsilateral external carotid and superior thyroid arteries were compared with postprocedural values.ResultsAmong patients with stenting, the preprocedural PSV, EDV, RI, and PI in the ipsilateral superior thyroid artery were 30 ± 11 cm/s, 13 ± 6 cm/s, 0.62 ± 0.11, and 1.04 ± 0.28,respectively; after stenting, they were 36 ± 8 cm/s, 14 ± 9 cm/s, 0.71 ± 0.07, and 1.11 ± 0.19. The preprocedural PSV, EDV, RI, and PI in the ipsilateral external carotid artery were 79 ± 24 cm/s, 17 ± 7 cm/s, 0.77 ± 0.26, and 1.27 ± 0.22; after stenting, they were 94 ± 31 cm/s, 20 ± 6 cm/s, 0.80 ± 0.4, and 1.25 ± 0.31. Despite a slight increase in superior thyroid and external carotid artery flow, there was no statistically significant change from before to after stenting.ConclusionsThis study showed no differences in blood velocity profiles in the ipsilateral superior thyroid and external carotid arteries after stenting.
Characteristics of Patients With Graves Disease and Intrathyroid Hypovascularity Compared to Painless Thyroiditis
Authors: Uchida Toyoyoshi , Shigihara Nayumi , Takeno Kageumi , Komiya Koji , Goto Hiromasa , Abe Hiroko , Sato Junko , Honda Akira , Fujitani Yoshio , Watada Hirotaka 
Published: September 2014

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess the frequency and sonographic and laboratory characteristics of Graves disease with intrathyroid hypovascularity in Japanese patients and to compare these characteristics in patients with painless thyroiditis.MethodsA total of 194 consecutive patients with Graves disease and 21 patients with painless thyroiditis were enrolled. The patients underwent thyroid volume measurement, mean superior thyroid artery peak systolic velocity (PSV) measurement, power Doppler sonography, and proper blood testing to discriminate between Graves disease and painless thyroiditis. Based on the power Doppler sonographic findings, they were divided into 4 groups: from pattern 0 (most hypovascular thyroid) to pattern III (most hypervascular thyroid). Comparisons of multiple thyroid parameters were made among the groups.ResultsThe prevalence of Graves disease with pattern 0 (n = 27) was 13.9% among the patients with Graves disease. The sonographic and laboratory data for patients with Graves disease and pattern 0 were compared to those of the 21 patients with painless thyroiditis, which typically shows intrathyroid hypovascularity. Free triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels and the superior thyroid artery PSV were significantly lower in patients with Graves disease and pattern 0 than those with patterns I, II, and III (P < .05). The thyroid volume and thyrotropin receptor antibody level were significantly lower in patients with Graves disease and pattern 0 than those with pattern III. In the comparison between patients with Graves disease and pattern 0 and those with painless thyroiditis and pattern 0, apart from thyrotropin receptor antibody, only the superior thyroid artery PSV was different.ConclusionsAlthough the clinical features of patients with Graves disease and intrathyroid hypovascularity were similar to those patients with painless thyroiditis, the superior thyroid artery PSV showed a moderate ability to discriminate these patients.