bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ulrich, Kant und Kraus über Moralität und moralische Zurechenbarkeit
Authors: Imhof Silvan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Kant’s doctrine of the compatibility of the causal determinism of the natural world with causation through freedom brought a new approach to the debate on freedom and necessity that did not meet with everyone’s approval. In 1788, Johann Heinrich August Ulrich presented his Eleutheriologie, a comprehensive critique of Kant’s doctrine and at the same time a proposal for a deterministic moral theory. Kant read the Eleutheriologie, as evidenced by a few notes, and his friend Christian Jakob Kraus published a review of the work. Both responded to Ulrich’s objections by denying the possibility of a determinist moral theory and taking this as an argument in favour of the critical doctrine. In this article, I reconstruct Ulrich’s critique and his determinist moral theory as well as Kant’s and Kraus’s defences. In this early debate, both sides developed strategies that would recur in the following debate on the Kantian theory of freedom.
All-optical control of charge-trapping defects in rare-earth doped oxides
Authors: França Leonardo V. S. , Doshi Shaan , Zhang Haitao , Zhong Tian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Charge-trapping defects in crystalline solids play important roles in applications ranging from microelectronics, optical storage, sensing and quantum technologies. On one hand, depleting trapped charges in the host matrix reduces charge noise and enhances coherence of solid-state quantum emitters. On the other hand, stable charge traps can enable high-density optical storage systems. Here we report all-optical control of charge-trapping defects via optical charge trapping (OCT) spectroscopy of a rare-earth ion doped oxide (Y2O3). Charge trapping is realized by low intensity optical excitation in the 200–375 nm range. Charge detrapping or depletion is carried out by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) under 532 nm stimulation. Using a Pr-doped Y2O3 polycrystalline ceramic host matrix, we observe charging pathways via the inter-band optical absorption of Y2O3 and via the 4f-5d transitions of Pr3+. We demonstrate effective control of the density of trapped charges within the Y2O3 matrix at ambient environment. These results point to a viable method for controlling the local charge environment in rare-earth doped crystals via all-optical means, and pave the way for further development of efficient optical storage technologies with ultrahigh storage capacity, as well as for the localized control of quantum coherence in rare-earth doped solids.
Prediction of hypoglycaemia in subjects with type 1 diabetes during physical activity
Authors: Moro Ornella , Sebastiani Giovanni 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Practicing physical activity (PA) on a regular basis is an important support for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, exercise may induce in them hypoglycaemic events during or after it. One major consequence of this is that, to limit this risk, many people with T1D tend to avoid performing PA. The availability of modern continuous glucose-monitoring (CGM) devices is potentially a great asset for reducing the chances of hypoglycaemia (HP) due to PA. Several algorithms have already been proposed to predict HP in subjects with T1D. However, not many of them are specifically focused on HP induced by exercise. Among those, many involve a large number of covariates making the applicability more difficult, and none uses CGM values available during the training session.

Objectives
We study the problem of predicting hypoglycaemia events in subjects with T1D during PA. The final aim is to produce algorithms enabling a person with T1D to perform a planned PA session without experiencing HP.

Method
One of the two algorithms we developed uses the CGM data in an initial part of a PA session. A parametric model is fitted to the data and then used to predict a possible HP during the remaining part of the session. Our second algorithm uses the CGM value at the start of a session. It also relies on statistical information about the average rate of decrease of the aforementioned model, as derived from a previously measured CGM data during PA. Then, the algorithm estimates the probability of HP during the planned PA session. Both algorithms have a very simple structure and therefore are of wide applicability.

Results
The application of the two algorithms to a very large dataset shows their very good ability to predict HP during PA in people with T1D.
The Now-Defunct ResearchGate Score and the Extant Research Interest Score: A Continued Debate on Metrics of a Highly Popular Academic Social Networking Site
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Academics might employ science social media or academic social networking sites (ASNSs), such as ResearchGate (RG), to showcase and promote their academic work, research, or published papers. In turn, RG provides usage statistics and performance metrics such as the now-defunct RG Score and the Research Interest Score (RIS) that offer a form of recognition about a researcher’s popularity, or how research is being used or appreciated. As part of a larger appreciation of how ASNSs contribute to knowledge sharing, in this article, the RG Score is reappraised, reflecting on why this metric may have been abandoned while reflecting on whether RIS is any better as an author-based altmetric. Similar to the RG Score, RG does not transparently indicate the precise equation used to calculate RIS, nor is any rationale provided for the weighting of its four factors (other reads, full-text reads, recommendations, and citations), which carry a relative weighting of 0.05, 0.15, 0.25, and 0.5, respectively. Ultimately, the responsible use of RG’s altmetrics lies in users’ hands, although caution is advised regarding their use to formally characterize or rank academics or research institutes.
Solving an isotropic grey matter tumour model via a heat transfer equation
Authors: Jamal Sameerah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The prevalence and growth characteristics of glioma tumours in human tissues are often modelled by a parabolic partial differential equation. It is essential to analyse tumour growth factors to establish mathematical benchmarks in understanding cancer progression. In this tumour study, we consider factors such as the tumour proliferation rates and the anisotropy of the spatial diffusion tensor. We aim to solve the resulting model together with its initial condition, to provide realistic biological predictions into the mechanism of cancer invasion, metastasis and life expectancy after diagnosis. The solutions are inspired by transformations that we propose to convert the tumour model into a heat equation. A key component in understanding the physics of cancer phenomena, is through obtaining precise solutions. Lie symmetries provide the mechanism to obtain exact solutions.
The negative indefinite nuddu ‘no one’ as a floating quantifier in Sicilian
Authors: Cruschina Silvio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper is concerned with a special use of the negative indefinite pronoun nuddu in Sicilian. Alongside its normal use as a negative pronominal quantifier (‘no one, nobody’), this element can be employed as a floating quantifier (‘none of us/you/them’). In this function, nuddu is not the subject of the sentence and, despite the semantic similarity, it cannot be analysed as the pronominal head of a partitive configuration. After presenting data on the diachronic development of this pronoun, which has resulted in inflectional loss, I discuss both syntactic and semantic arguments in favour of an adverbial analysis of this floating quantifier, according to which nuddu involves predicate modification.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЦИКЛОВ ЗАМОРАЖИВАНИЯ - ОТТАИВАНИЯ НА СОПРОТИВЛЕНИЕ ДИНАМИЧЕСКИМ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯМ ФИБРОБЕТОНА
Authors: АЛЕКСЕЕВ К.Н. , ЗАХАРОВ Е.В. 
Published: February 2025

Изучено влияние содержания базальтовой фибры диаметром 23 мкм на удельную энергоемкость разрушения бетона D2000 и легкого теплозащитного бетона D1000. Установлены закономерности воздействия знакопеременных температур на сопротивляемость фибробетона динамическим воздействиям. После 12 циклов (температура замораживания - 50 ±2 °С) затраты энергии на разрушение образцов бетона марки D2000 при объемном содержании фибры 2.7 % составили 1962 Дж/м2, что в 3.6 раза превышает энергоемкость разрушения образцов неармированной группы. Выявлено, что бетон на пористом демпфирующем заполнителе из вспученного вермикулита обладает более высокой сопротивляемостью к динамическим нагрузкам, чем бетон повышенной плотности. Энергоемкость разрушения теплозащитного бетона на основе вермикулита D1000 составила 5038 Дж/м2, мелкозернистого D2000 - 2326 Дж/м2. Энергоемкость разрушения неармированного бетона на основе вермикулита после трех циклов замораживания - оттаивания падает на 71 % c 5038 до 1473 Дж/м2, но при объемном содержании фибры 2.4 % энергоемкость разрушения фибробетона снижается на 9 % до 4608 Дж/м2. Полученные результаты могут способствовать повышению сопротивляемости торкрет-бетонных крепей ударным нагрузкам, в том числе после негативного воздействия циклов замораживания - оттаивания.
It is investigated how the content of basalt fiber with a diameter of 23 µm influences specific energy intensity of failure in concrete D2000 and in light heat-reflecting concrete D1000. The mechanisms of alternating temperature effects on dynamic impact resistance of fiber-reinforced concrete are determined. After 12 cycles (freezing temperature - 50 ± 2 °С), the energy cost of failure in the samples of concrete D2000 at the fiber volume ratio of 2.7% totals 1962 J/m2, which is 3.6 times higher than the energy intensity of failure in the samples of non-reinforced concrete. It is found that concrete with a porous absorbing aggregate made of expanded vermiculite possesses higher dynamic impact resistibility than high-density concrete. The energy intensity of failure was 5038 J/m2 in vermiculite-containing heat-reflecting concrete and 2326 J/m2 in fine-grain concrete D2000. The failure energy intensity in vermiculite-containing non-reinforced concrete after three freeze-thaw cycles drops by 71%, from 5038 to 1473 J/m2. At the fiber volume ratio of 2.4%, the energy intensity of failure in fiber-reinforced concrete decreases by 9%, to 4608 J/m2. These results can help increase the impact resistibility of shotcrete lining, including situations after the adverse effect of cyclic freeze-and-thaw.
ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПАРАМЕТРА ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ПРИ ВЫБОРЕ КОМБИНАЦИИ ФЛОТАЦИОННЫХ РЕАГЕНТОВ
Authors: СЕМЬЯНОВА Д.В. , КОНДРАТЬЕВ С.А. 
Published: February 2025

Применение композиции собирателей - одно из перспективных направлений интенсификации флотационного процесса. При использовании смеси реагентов синергетический эффект от их взаимодействия проявляется не только на границе раздела фаз “минерал- жидкость”, но и на границе раздела “газ - жидкость”. Настоящая работа направлена на установление связи синергетического эффекта в понижении поверхностного натяжения комбинации катионного и анионного собирателей и синергизма этих реагентов во флотации. Проведены эксперименты по определению поверхностной активности физической формы сорбции при сочетании реагентов. Результаты сопоставлены с флотационной активностью комбинации и параметром взаимодействия компонентов смеси. Полученные данные послужат основой формирования расчетного метода подбора комбинации собирателей для флотационного обогащения.
Composition of collectors is one of the promising avenues in stimulation of flotation efficiency. When using a mix of reagents, their synergetic effect shows up not only at the mineral-liquid interface but at the gas-liquid interface as well. This study aims at connecting the synergetic effect of a cationic / anionic combination collector in reduction of surface tension with synergism of the surfactants in flotation. The tests were carried out to determine surface activity of physisorption in case of combination of these reagents. The results are comparted with the flotation activity and interaction parameter of the components of the combination. The findings can be a framework for the design approach to selecting combinations of collectors for flotation.
Caracterización de flavonoides y actividad antimicrobiana del extracto metanólico de hojas de <i>Luma chequen</i> (Molina) A. Gray
Authors: Fernández-Rebaza Gustavo Adolfo , Balladares Quintana Alfonso David , Soto-Tantaraico Edith Celia , Zeña-Chiara Elizabeth Nivia , Salazar-Salvatierra Maria Elena , Bonilla-Rivera Pablo Enrique 
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The research of new alternatives to antimicrobial resistance has led to the exploration of medicinal plant extracts. Luma chequen has antimicrobial activity, but the secondary metabolites have not been identified. Objective. Characterize the chemical structures of flavonoids and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extract of Luma chequen (Molina) A. Gray leaves. Methods. The methanolic extract of the leaves was prepared and its solubility with solvents of increasing polarity was evaluated, then a phytochemical screening was carried out, identifying different secondary metabolites. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) used standards and developers. The chemical structures of the flavonoids present in the methanolic extract were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy and displacement reagents. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the agar-well diffusion assay against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results. The extract was soluble in solvents of medium polarity. TLC detected the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and alkaloids. UV-Visible spectroscopy identified five flavonoid chemical structures, including four flavones and one aurone. The extract presented broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria at concentrations of 50 to 100 mg/mL. Conclusions. Different secondary metabolites were detected by phytochemical screening and chromatography; in addition, five flavonoid structures were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometry and diagnostic reagents. Likewise, the extract presented antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.
Satisfacción y percepciones de estudiantes de medicina sobre una estrategia curricular de formación de competencias en investigación científica
Authors: Marcos Caballero Martín , Quispe Pérez Sebastián Jesús , Segami Makiya Jose Masayoshi , Romaní-Romaní Franco 
Published: February 2025

Las escuelas de medicina han implementado estrategias curriculares para formar competencias en investigación, sin embargo, en Latinoamérica pocos estudios han evaluado dichas estrategias. Objetivo. Describir la satisfacción y las percepciones de los estudiantes de medicina en una universidad privada en Lima, Perú, que reciben una estrategia curricular de formación de competencias en investigación. Métodos. Realizamos un estudio transversal con un cuestionario virtual autoadministrado. Las asignaturas forman parte de dos componentes: la enseñanza orientada a la investigación y la enseñanza basada en la investigación. La satisfacción fue medida con una escala de 10 puntos y las percepciones con escala de Likert. Medimos los puntajes de la sumatoria de los ítems y los comparamos entre años de estudio. Resultados. Incluimos 273 estudiantes. Para el componente orientado, la mediana de satisfacción general fue 7 en las primeras 2 asignaturas y 8 en las 3 últimas. La satisfacción general en las asignaturas del componente basado en investigación varió de 5 para clínica médica I a 9 para parasitología. En el componente orientado a la investigación hubo tendencia al incremento en el puntaje de percepciones (más favorables) a mayor año de estudio (K = 14,3; p = 0,007). En el componente basado en investigación, la asignatura de epidemiología tuvo una mayor mediana de puntaje, mientras que entre tesis I y II no hubo diferencias. Conclusiones. En las asignaturas teóricas la satisfacción y percepción mejoran a mayor año académico, sin embargo, en asignaturas que desarrollan un producto de investigación la reacción en el estudiante fue heterogénea.
Pathogens associated with contamination in dental clinics: Evaluating emerging threats with a focus on mpox
Authors: Ahmed Rukshana , Ahmed Suwayda 
Published: February 2025

The primary aim of this review is to offer a comprehensive overview of the existing literature on pathogens linked to surface contamination in the dental environment. The objectives are to:1. Examine the transmission dynamics of various pathogens in dental clinics.2. Assess the role of saliva in microbial dispersion and the impact of dental procedures on the aerosolisation of viruses, bacteria and fungi.3. Evaluate environmental contamination risks associated with these pathogens.
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Eco Enzyme of Eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra) against Escherichia coli
Authors: Muhammad Aafi Baharuddin Attamimi  , Wiwin Retnowati  , Ummi Maimunah  , Eko Budi Koendhori  
Published: February 2025

Highlights

It has been proven that the eucalyptus eco-enzyme from Lamongan does not exhibit strong enough antibacterial activity against E. coli at any concentration.
The eucalyptus eco-enzyme method is less effective at extracting active compounds compared to distillation processing.

Abstract
Background: Eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra) is known to have antimicrobial potential due to its bioactive terpenoid compounds, including 1,8-cineole. This compound has the potential to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, a bacterium responsible for various infectious diseases. The eco-enzyme method, which utilizes fermentation, is simple to perform and does not require complex materials. Objective: This study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of eucalyptus eco-enzyme against Escherichia coli. Material and Method: The M. leucadendra used in this study was sourced from Candisari Village, Lamongan, Indonesia and E. coli was obtained from laboratory isolates. Antibacterial activity was measured by observing the zone of inhibition in the well diffusion test on Muller-Hinton agar, with chloramphenicol as the positive control and distilled water as the negative control. The incubation period was 24 hours at 36°C. Result: The inhibition zone around the positive control was 25.94±1.1 mm. No inhibition zone (0 mm) was observed around the negative control or the eucalyptus eco-enzyme solution at concentrations ranging from 10% to 100%. However, a clearer zone was observed around the eco-enzyme well. The inability of the eco-enzyme to inhibit the growth of E. coli may be attributed to several factors, including the ingredients, processing method, acidity level, and bacterial resistance. Conclusion: The eucalyptus eco-enzyme did not exhibit sufficient antibacterial activity against E. coli at any of the tested concentrations.
Surgical vs. Non-Surgical Management of Mandibular Condyle Fractures in Adolescent
Authors: Abdurrahman Adirhesa  , Carolina Cita Brilliani  , Fredy Mardiyantoro  
Published: February 2025

Highlights

Non-surgical treatments can involve various appliances. However, all non-surgical treatments are typically supplemented with mouth-opening exercises.
Surgical treatments usually consist of open reduction and internal fixation, which can be implemented using various anatomical approaches.

Abstract
Background: Mandibular condyle fractures are common among adolescents, often resulting from trauma such as falls or road traffic accidents. These fractures, which involve the articular surface of the mandible, can lead to complications like malocclusion, restricted mouth opening, and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Treatment for mandibular condyle fractures varies, with non-surgical management, including closed reduction and functional therapy, often favored for its less invasive nature, especially in growing adolescents. Surgical interventions, such as open reduction and internal fixation, are considered for more complex fractures or when non-surgical methods fail. However, the decision between surgical and non-surgical treatment remains contentious, particularly in adolescents, whose condylar fractures might heal better due to the regenerative capacity of their growing bones. Objective: This review aimed to compare the outcomes of surgical and non-surgical management of mandibular condyle fractures. Material and Method: This review was conducted by searching the Scopus database for case reports published between 2014 and 2024, which described either surgical or non-surgical treatment of adolescent mandibular condyle fractures. Result: A total of 7 case reports were included, highlighting the use of various treatment approaches. Non-surgical methods, including functional appliances and mouth-opening exercises, showed promising results, with improved mouth opening and condylar remodeling. Similarly, surgical approaches, though more invasive, resulted in good functional and aesthetic outcomes, with minimal complications when proper anatomical understanding was applied. Conclusion: Both non-surgical and surgical approaches can be used to treat condylar fractures in adolescents, provided that proper evaluation, planning, and a thorough understanding of the condyle's anatomy and surrounding tissue are ensured.
The Role of Ergonomic Interventions to Prevent the Occurrence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Dentists
Authors: Vallerie Trisha  , Wita Anggraini  , Indrani Sulistyowati  , Annisaa Putri Ariyani  , Dicha Yuliadewi Rahmawati  
Published: February 2025

Highlights

Dentists are at a higher risk of experiencing symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) compared to non-dental healthcare workers. This is due to repetitive movements, the use of vibrating tools, and prolonged exposure to unergonomic postures.
Ergonomic interventions are a key method for preventing CTS in dentists, aiming to reduce the risk of repetitive injuries that can lead to long-term disability.

Abstract
Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a peripheral mononeuropathy caused by compression of the median nerve. Dentists are susceptible to CTS due to awkward static body postures and ergonomic issues with the wrist, including the use of vibrating instruments, repetitive movements, large muscle forces, and awkward postures such as flexion, extension, and ulnar and radial deviation. Objective: This study aimed to review various studies on ergonomic interventions to prevent CTS in dentists. Material and Method: This research followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines and used PCC framework (Population, Concept, and Context) for article selection process. Inclusion criteria consisted of articles with an experimental research design published between 2011 and 2021. Exclusion criteria included scoping reviews, rapid reviews, systematic reviews, gray literature, and articles that were not fully accessible. All keywords were taken from MeSH terms, and literature searches were conducted using Boolean searches on the PubMed, Wiley, and Google Scholar databases on August 17, 2021. Result: There were limited experimental research articles on CTS in dentists. Out of 887 articles obtained, only five were selected, with a total of 357 participants. The research subjects included general dentists, specialist dentists, and dental hygienists, both with and without CTS. Conclusion: Ergonomic interventions play a crucial role in preventing CTS in dentists. Clinically, these interventions are associated with improved hand function, reduced pain in the wrist/hand, and increased pinch and grip strength.