bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E-026 Predictive Factors of Outcome and Haemorrhage After Acute Ischaemic Stroke Treated by Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: Pierot L , Soize S , Barbe C , HKadziolka K , Estrade L , Serre I 
Published: July 2013

PurposeThe study attempts to identify notable factors predicting poor outcome, death and intracranial-haemorrhage in patients with acute ischaemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy with stent-retriever. This data could be useful to improve the selection of patients for thrombectomy.Material and MethodsPatients with acute ischaemic stroke treated with the Solitaire FR device were retrospectively analysed from a prospectively collected database. We assessed the effect of selected demographic characteristics, clinical and imaging factors on poor outcome at 3 months (modified Rankin score 3–6), mortality at 3 months and haemorrhage at day 1 (symptomatic and asymptomatic).ResultsFrom May 2010 to April 2012, 59 consecutive patients with an acute ischaemic stroke underwent mechanical thrombectomy. At 3 months, 57.6% of the patients were functionally independent (mRS 0–2) and mortality was 20.4%. Multivariate analyses revealed that a thrombus length>14mm (p=0.02; OR 7.55; CI 95% 1.35-42.31) and longer endovascular procedure duration (p=0.01; OR 1.04; CI 95% 1.01-1.07) were independently associated with poor outcome. A higher baseline ASPECT score (p=0.04; OR 0.79 per point; CI 95% 0.63-0.99) and successful recanalisation (p=0.02; OR 0.07; CI 95% 0.01-0.72) were independent predictors of good functional outcome. Baseline ASPECT score (p<0.01; OR 0.65; CI 95% 0.54-0.78) independently predicted symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage at day1.ConclusionA thrombus length >14mm is an independent predictor of poor functional outcome at 3 months after thrombectomy. Absolute baseline ASPECT score reflects early symptomatic haemorrhage risk and functional outcome at 3 months. Further analyses are needed to determine the importance of the thrombus length in the selection of patients for mechanical thrombectomy.DisclosuresL. Pierot: 2; C; Covidien/EV3. S. Soize: None. C. Barbe: None. K. HKadziolka: None. L. Estrade: None. I. Serre: None.
E-036 Utilisation of the Navien Distal Intracranial Catheter During 78 Cases of Anterior Circulation Aneurysm Treatment with the Pipeline Embolisation Device
Authors: Colby G , Lin L , Huang J , Tamargo R , Coon A 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundEndovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms relies on coaxial catheter support systems to provide safe and stable access. Large bore distal intracranial catheters have become necessary for aneurysm treatment with flow diverting devices, including the Pipeline embolisation device (PED). These catheters must accommodate 0.027″ microcatheters, be supple enough to track distally, and be able to provide sufficient support for manipulations required for PED deployment.MethodsA single-centre aneurysm database was reviewed to identify patients who underwent anterior circulation aneurysm embolisation with the PED while utilising the Navien distal intracranial catheter. Data were collected regarding the equipment used, cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) tortuosity, intra-procedural Navien positions, and peri-procedural complications.ResultsThe Navien catheter (5F, 0.070″ OD, 0.058″ID, 115 cm) was used in 78 anterior circulation PED cases. The Navien was tracked into position over a Marksman in 76/78 cases (97%). The final catheter tip position was in the cervical ICA (1/78, 1%), petrous ICA (23/78, 30%), proximal cavernous ICA (48/78, 62%), distal cavernous/clinoidal ICA (3/78, 4%), supraclinoid ICA (2/78, 2%), and the M1 segment (1/78, 2%). In each case, the catheter was tracked to its desired position (100% clinical success) despite significant proximal vessel tortuosity in 34 cases (44%). No clinically significant catheter related complications occurred.ConclusionThe Navien intracranial catheter is an important component of the tri-axial system for embolisation of cerebral aneurysms with the PED. This catheter is highly trackable to distal positions, atraumatic, and provides sufficient support for the microcatheter manipulations used during typical PED deployments.DisclosuresG. Colby: None. L. Lin: None. J. Huang: None. R. Tamargo: None. A. Coon: 2; C; Covidien.
E-038 Stenting for Pseudotumor: The Conduit Technique
Authors: Chaudry I , Spiotta A , Hawk H , Miranpuri A , Turner R , Turk A 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionCarefully selected pseudotumor cerebri patients with dural sinus stenosis and pressure gradients can be considered for sinus stenting. The tortuous sigmoid sinus-jugular bulb junction and transverse-sigmoid sinus stenosis can contribute to the complexity of stent delivery.Materials and ResultsDistal access guide catheters as 6Fr 070 Neuron guide catheters and 6Fr 088 Neuron Max sheaths (Penumbra, Inc., Alameda, CA), 6Fr Shuttle sheaths (Cook Medical, Inc., Bloomington, IN), 6Fr Chaperon guide catheters (Microvention-Terumo, Irvine, CA), over a diagnostic insert catheter can provide distal support during delivery of Cordis Precise stents (Cordis Corporation, Bridgewater, NJ). We report nineteen cases where the guide catheter was able to achieve access beyond the jugular bulb and in all cases the stent was successfully deployed across the target lesion. No guide catheter or stent complications were encountered in our series.ConclusionWe outline our “conduit” approach in sinus stenting using distal access guide catheters which allows for superior navigability and trackability of the guide catheters across the tortuous and stenotic sinus system, and successful deployment of the stent.DisclosuresI. Chaudry: 2; C; Penumbra, Microvention. A. Spiotta: None. H. Hawk: None. A. Miranpuri: None. R. Turner: 2; C; Microvention, Penumbra. A. Turk: 2; C; Penumbra, Microvention.
Description of Pristina armata n. sp. (Clitellata: Naididae: Pristininae) from a carnivorous plant (Nepenthes sp.) in Borneo, Indonesia
Authors: SCHENKOVÁ JANA 
Published: July 2013

A new clitellate species of Pristininae (Naididae), Pristina armata n. sp., found in the pitcher of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes sp., is reported from East Kalimantan, Indonesia. P. armata n. sp. is a very small clitellate, less than 1 mm long in fixed state, and without proboscis on the prostomium. Signs of reproduction by paratomy were observed, but the generic placement remains preliminary because sexually mature individuals were not found. P. armata n. sp. is characterized by giant hook-like dorsal chaetae at IV. The description of P. armata n. sp. was based on six fixed specimens of different size and stage of development. Noteworthy is the habitat of P. armata n. sp. in Nepenthes pitchers, this being the first clitellate species described from such a habitat. P. armata n. sp. may be a member of the nepenthebionts’ community, realizing its life cycle inside the digestive fluid of the Nepenthes pitcher, or it belongs to nepenthephiles, species that commonly occur in this habitat but do not specialize on it.
The Emergence of Weather-Related Test Beds Linking Research and Forecasting Operations
Authors: Ralph F. Martin , Intrieri Janet , Andra David , Atlas Robert , Boukabara Sid , Bright David , Davidson Paula , Entwistle Bruce , Gaynor John , Goodman Steve , Jiing Jiann-Gwo , Harless Amy , Huang Jin , Jedlovec Gary , Kain John , Koch Steven , Kuo Bill , Levit Jason , Murillo Shirley , Riishojgaard Lars Peter , Schneider Timothy , Schneider Russell , Smith Travis , Weiss Steven 
Published: July 2013

Test beds have emerged as a critical mechanism linking weather research with forecasting operations. The U.S. Weather Research Program (USWRP) was formed in the 1990s to help identify key gaps in research related to major weather prediction problems and the role of observations and numerical models. This planning effort ultimately revealed the need for greater capacity and new approaches to improve the connectivity between the research and forecasting enterprise.
Out of this developed the seeds for what is now termed “test beds.” While many individual projects, and even more broadly the NOAA/National Weather Service (NWS) Modernization, were successful in advancing weather prediction services, it was recognized that specific forecast problems warranted a more focused and elevated level of effort. The USWRP helped develop these concepts with science teams and provided seed funding for several of the test beds described.
Based on the varying NOAA mission requirements for forecasting, differences in the organizational structure and methods used to provide those services, and differences in the state of the science related to those forecast challenges, test beds have taken on differing characteristics, strategies, and priorities. Current test bed efforts described have all emerged between 2000 and 2011 and focus on hurricanes (Joint Hurricane Testbed), precipitation (Hydrometeorology Testbed), satellite data assimilation (Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation), severe weather (Hazardous Weather Testbed), satellite data support for severe weather prediction (Short-Term Prediction Research and Transition Center), mesoscale modeling (Developmental Testbed Center), climate forecast products (Climate Testbed), testing and evaluation of satellite capabilities [Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R Series (GOES-R) Proving Ground], aviation applications (Aviation Weather Testbed), and observing system experiments (OSSE Testbed).
Toward the Assimilation of the Atmospheric Surface Layer Using Numerical Weather Prediction and Radar Clutter Observations
Authors: Karimian Ali , Yardim Caglar , Haack Tracy , Gerstoft Peter , Hodgkiss William S. , Rogers Ted 
Published: July 2013

AbstractRadio wave propagation on low-altitude paths over the ocean above 2 GHz is significantly affected by negative refractivity gradients in the atmospheric surface layer, which form what is often referred to as an evaporation duct (ED). Refractivity from clutter (RFC) is an inversion approach for the estimation of the refractivity profile from radar clutter, and RFC-ED refers to its implementation for the case of evaporation ducts. An approach for fusing RFC-ED output with evaporation duct characterization that is based on ensemble forecasts from a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model is examined here. Three conditions of air–sea temperature difference (ASTD) are examined. Synthetic radar clutter observations are generated using the Advanced Propagation Model. The impacts of ASTD on the evaporation duct refractivity profile, atmospheric parameter inversion, and propagation factor distributions are studied. Relative humidity at a reference height and ASTD are identified as state variables. Probability densities from NWP ensembles, RFC-ED, and joint inversions are compared. It is demonstrated that characterization of the near-surface atmosphere by combining RFC-ED and NWP reduces the estimation uncertainty of ASTD and relative humidity in an evaporation duct, with respect to using either method alone.
PNA Predictability at Various Time Scales
Authors: Younas Waqar , Tang Youmin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn this study, the predictability of the Pacific–North American (PNA) pattern is evaluated on time scales from days to months using state-of-the-art dynamical multiple-model ensembles including the Canadian Historical Forecast Project (HFP2) ensemble, the Development of a European Multimodel Ensemble System for Seasonal-to-Interannual Prediction (DEMETER) ensemble, and the Ensemble-Based Predictions of Climate Changes and their Impacts (ENSEMBLES). Some interesting findings in this study include (i) multiple-model ensemble (MME) skill was better than most of the individual models; (ii) both actual prediction skill and potential predictability increased as the averaging time scale increased from days to months; (iii) there is no significant difference in actual skill between coupled and uncoupled models, in contrast with the potential predictability where coupled models performed better than uncoupled models; (iv) relative entropy (REA) is an effective measure in characterizing the potential predictability of individual prediction, whereas the mutual information (MI) is a reliable indicator of overall prediction skill; and (v) compared with conventional potential predictability measures of the signal-to-noise ratio, the MI-based measures characterized more potential predictability when the ensemble spread varied over initial conditions.Further analysis found that the signal component dominated the dispersion component in REA for PNA potential predictability from days to seasons. Also, the PNA predictability is highly related to the signal of the tropical sea surface temperature (SST), and SST–PNA correlation patterns resemble the typical ENSO structure, suggesting that ENSO is the main source of PNA seasonal predictability. The predictable component analysis (PrCA) of atmospheric variability further confirmed the above conclusion; that is, PNA is one of the most predictable patterns in the climate variability over the Northern Hemisphere, which originates mainly from the ENSO forcing.
It was not only the Cold War: Italian and American trade unionism for the economic development of the country (1947–1960)
Authors: Bianchi Giampiero 
Published: July 2013

During the crucial years in which Italian society for the first time in its history became an advanced industrial society, took part in a free international economy and consolidated the foundations of its young democracy, a group of Italian and American trade unionists started to look at ways to transform work and business in Italy. These attempts sometimes met with success but at other times with failure. Italian trade unionism split into different parts: the CGIL trade union remained tied to the economic culture and praxis of the Third Communist International, while the CISL mixed the ideas of J Commons and J Maritain and M Mounier, changing completely its strategy between 1948 and 1950. It was a ‘new union’ walking away from its own traditions: many of CISL’s opponents called it the ‘American Trade Union’ and accused it of imitating the USA’s productivity, industrial democracy, vertical organization and its complete autonomy from the state and political parties. So far, the historiography has read this event only in the context of the Cold War, but this point of view does not explain all those matters that persisted in the Italian Labor market: today’s policies for productivity, the new collective bargaining reforms and the problems of industrial democracy are just some examples that demonstrate that at the end of the Cold War the same issues remained.
Recent advances in the morphological and functional heterogeneity of the biliary epithelium
Authors: Han Yuyan , Glaser Shannon , Meng Fanyin , Francis Heather , Marzioni Marco , McDaniel Kelly , Alvaro Domenico , Venter Julie , Carpino Guido , Onori Paolo , Gaudio Eugenio , Alpini Gianfranco , Franchitto Antonio 
Published: July 2013

This review focuses on the recent advances related to the heterogeneity of different-sized bile ducts with regard to the morphological and phenotypical characteristics, and the differential secretory, apoptotic and proliferative responses of small and large cholangiocytes to gastrointestinal hormones/peptides, neuropeptides and toxins. We describe several in vivo and in vitro models used for evaluating biliary heterogeneity. Subsequently, we discuss the heterogeneous proliferative and apoptotic responses of small and large cholangiocytes to liver injury and the mechanisms regulating the differentiation of small into large (more differentiated) cholangiocytes. Following a discussion on the heterogeneity of stem/progenitor cells in the biliary epithelium, we outline the heterogeneity of bile ducts in human cholangiopathies. After a summary section, we discuss the future perspectives that will further advance the field of the functional heterogeneity of the biliary epithelium.
SNVHMM: predicting single nucleotide variants from next generation sequencing
Authors: Bian Jiawen , Liu Chenglin , Wang Hongyan , Xing Jing , Kachroo Priyanka , Zhou Xiaobo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe rapid development of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology provides a novel avenue for genomic exploration and research. Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) inferred from next generation sequencing are expected to reveal gene mutations in cancer. However, NGS has lower sequence coverage and poor SNVs detection capability in the regulatory regions of the genome. Post probabilistic based methods are efficient for detection of SNVs in high coverage regions or sequencing data with high depth. However, for data with low sequencing depth, the efficiency of such algorithms remains poor and needs to be improved.ResultsA new tool SNVHMM basing on a discrete hidden Markov model (HMM) was developed to infer the genotype for each position on the genome. We incorporated the mapping quality of each read and the corresponding base quality on the reads into the emission probability of HMM. The context information of the whole observation as well as its confidence were completely utilized to infer the genotype for each position on the genome in study. Therefore, more probability power can be gained over the Bayes based methods, which is very useful for SNVs detection for data with low sequencing depth. Moreover, our model was verified by testing against two sets of lobular breast tumor and Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) data each. Comparing against a recently published SNVs calling algorithm SNVMix2, our model improved the performance of SNVMix2 largely when the sequencing depth is low and also outperformed SNVMix2 when SNVMix2 is well trained by large datasets.ConclusionsSNVHMM can detect SNVs from NGS cancer data efficiently even if the sequence depth is very low. The training data size can be very small for SNVHMM to work. SNVHMM incorporated the base quality and mapping quality of all observed bases and reads, and also provides the option for users to choose the confidence of the observation for SNVs prediction.
Rationale and design of the Sodium Lowering In Dialysate (SoLID) trial: a randomised controlled trial of low versus standard dialysate sodium concentration during hemodialysis for regression of left ventricular mass
Authors: Dunlop Joanna Leigh , Vandal Alain Charles , de Zoysa Janak Rashme , Gabriel Ruvin Sampath , Haloob Imad Adbi , Hood Christopher John , Matheson Philip James , McGregor David Owen Ross , Rabindranath Kannaiyan Samuel , Semple David John , Marshall Mark Roger 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe current literature recognises that left ventricular hypertrophy makes a key contribution to the high rate of premature cardiovascular mortality in dialysis patients. Determining how we might intervene to ameliorate left ventricular hypertrophy in dialysis populations has become a research priority. Reducing sodium exposure through lower dialysate sodium may be a promising intervention in this regard. However there is clinical equipoise around this intervention because the benefit has not yet been demonstrated in a robust prospective clinical trial, and several observational studies have suggested sodium lowering interventions may be deleterious in some dialysis patients.Methods/designThe Sodium Lowering in Dialysate (SoLID) study is funded by the Health Research Council of New Zealand. It is a multi-centre, prospective, randomised, single-blind (outcomes assessor), controlled parallel assignment 3-year clinical trial. The SoLID study is designed to study what impact low dialysate sodium has upon cardiovascular risk in dialysis patients. The study intends to enrol 118 home hemodialysis patients from 6 sites in New Zealand over 24 months and follow up each participant over 12 months. Key exclusion criteria are: patients who dialyse more frequently than 3.5 times per week, pre-dialysis serum sodium of <135 mM, and maintenance hemodiafiltration. In addition, some medical conditions, treatments or participation in other dialysis trials, which contraindicate the SoLID study intervention or confound its effects, will be exclusion criteria. The intervention and control groups will be dialysed using dialysate sodium 135 mM and 140 mM respectively, for 12 months. The primary outcome measure is left ventricular mass index, as measured by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, after 12 months of intervention. Eleven or more secondary outcomes will be studied in an attempt to better understand the physiologic and clinical mechanisms by which lower dialysate sodium alters the primary end point.DiscussionThe SoLID study is designed to clarify the effect of low dialysate sodium upon the cardiovascular outcomes of dialysis patients. The study results will provide much needed information about the efficacy of a cost effective, economically sustainable solution to a condition which is curtailing the lives of so many dialysis patients.Trial registrationAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number:ACTRN12611000975998
Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a web-based and mobile stress-management intervention for employees: design of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Heber Elena , Ebert David Daniel , Lehr Dirk , Nobis Stephanie , Berking Matthias , Riper Heleen 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background
Work-related stress is associated with a variety of mental and emotional problems and can lead to substantial economic costs due to lost productivity, absenteeism or the inability to work. There is a considerable amount of evidence on the effectiveness of traditional face-to-face stress-management interventions for employees; however, they are often costly, time-consuming, and characterized by a high access threshold. Web-based interventions may overcome some of these problems yet the evidence in this field is scarce. This paper describes the protocol for a study that will examine the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a web-based guided stress-management training which is based on problem solving and emotion regulation and aimed at reducing stress in adult employees.

Methods
The study will target stressed employees aged 18 and older. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) design will be applied. Based on a power calculation of d=.35 (1-β of 80%, α = .05), 264 participants will be recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention group or a six-month waitlist control group. Inclusion criteria include an elevated stress level (Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale-10 ≥ 22) and current employment. Exclusion criteria include risk of suicide or previously diagnosed psychosis or dissociative symptoms. The primary outcome will be perceived stress, and secondary outcomes include depression and anxiety. Data will be collected at baseline and seven weeks and six months after randomization. An extended follow up at 12 months is planned for the intervention group. Moreover, a cost-effectiveness analysis will be conducted from a societal perspective and will include both direct and indirect health care costs. Data will be analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis and per protocol.

Discussion
The substantial negative consequences of work-related stress emphasize the necessity for effective stress-management trainings. If the proposed internet intervention proves to be (cost-) effective, a preventative, economical stress-management tool will be conceivable. The strengths and limitations of the present study are discussed.

Trial registration
German Register of Clinical Studies (DRKS): DRKS00004749