bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genotoxic and oxidative responses in coelomocytes of Eisenia fetida and Hediste diversicolor exposed to lipid‐coated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and CdCl2
Authors: Saez Gladys , Aye Mélanie , De Meo Michel , Aimé Ahissan , Bestel Isabelle , Barthélémy Philippe , Di Giorgio Carole 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThe emerging of Quantum Dots utilization in industrial or medicinal fields involved a potentially increase of these nanoparticles in environment. In this work, the genotoxic (comet assay) and oxidative effects (SOD activity, TBARS) of functionalized‐QDs and cadmium chloride were investigated on Hediste diversicolor and Eisenia fetida coelomocytes. Results demonstrated that functionalized‐QDs (QDNs) and cadmium chloride induced DNA damages through different mechanisms that depended on the nano‐ or ionic nature of Cd. The minimal genotoxic concentrations for H. diversicolor (<0.001ng/g for QDNs and CdCl2) were lower than for E. fetida (between 0.01 and 0.1 ng/g for QDNs, and between 0.001 and 0.01 ng/g for CdCl2). These results showed that H. diversicolor was more sensitive than E. fetida. The two contaminants had a low impact on the oxidative stress markers. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 918–926, 2015.
Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) Coordination Polymers Based on 5‐Hydroxylisophthalate and Semi‐rigid Bis(imidazole) Ligands: Syntheses, Structural and Photoluminescent Properties
Authors: Zhao Jun , Wang Yenan , Xia Wei , Dong Wenwen , Li Dongsheng 
Published: February 2014

AbstractTwo new coordination polymers, namely, [Zn(bdc)(mbix)]n (1) and {[Cd2(bdc)2(mbix)2]·H2O}n (2) [H2bdc = 5‐hydroxylisophthalic acid, mbix = 1,3‐bis(imidazol‐1‐yl‐methyl)benzene], were obtained under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, as well as powder‐ and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Compound 1 exhibits a 2D puckered layer with (4,4) topology, which is further interconnected by hydrogen bonding interactions leading to a 3D supramolecular architecture. Compound 2 features a 5‐connected 3D network with bnn (46.64) topology based on the dinuclear CdII subunits. In addition, solid‐state properties such as thermal stabilities and photoluminescent properties of compounds 1 and 2 were also investigated.
Synthesis, Structures, and Spectroscopic Properties of 3‐Aryl‐5‐(2‐pyridyl)pyrazoles and Related Pyrazoles
Authors: Schowtka Björn , Müller Christoph , Görls Helmar , Westerhausen Matthias 
Published: February 2014

Abstract3‐Aryl‐5‐(2‐pyridyl)pyrazoles and related compounds are easily accessible via the reaction of the appropriate 1,3‐diketone with hydrazine hydrate. The central pyrazole rings show a far‐reaching equalization of the bond lengths. In the crystalline state dimeric and strand‐like structures are observed due to the formation of intermolecular N–H···N hydrogen bridges between the pyrazole N–H functionality and a pyrazole or pyridyl base. The structures mainly depend on the steric demand of the aryl groups. Planar 3‐aryl‐5‐(2‐pyridyl)pyrazoles also show π stacking reducing the solubility in common organic solvents.
Influence of the enclosed fluid on the flow over a microstructured surface in the Cassie state
Authors: Schönecker Clarissa , Baier Tobias , Hardt Steffen 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAnalytical expressions for the flow field as well as for the effective slip length of a shear flow over a surface with periodic rectangular grooves are derived. The primary fluid is in the Cassie state with the grooves being filled with a secondary immiscible fluid. The coupling of the two fluids is reflected in a locally varying slip distribution along the fluid–fluid interface, which models the effect of the secondary fluid on the outer flow. The obtained closed-form analytical expressions for the flow field and effective slip length of the primary fluid explicitly contain the influence of the viscosities of the two fluids as well as the magnitude of the local slip, which is a function of the surface geometry. They agree well with results from numerical computations of the full geometry. The analytical expressions allow an investigation of the influence of the viscous stresses inside the secondary fluid for arbitrary geometries of the rectangular grooves. For classic superhydrophobic surfaces, the deviations in the effective slip length compared to the case of inviscid gas flow are pointed out. Another important finding with respect to an accurate modelling of flow over microstructured surfaces is that not only the effective slip length, but also the local slip length of a grooved surface, is anisotropic.
Experimental studies of aero-optical properties of subsonic turbulent boundary layers
Authors: Gordeyev Stanislav , Smith Adam E. , Cress Jacob A. , Jumper Eric J. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis paper gives the most-complete characterization to date of the optical aberrations imposed on a laser beam propagated through a subsonic, compressible, turbulent boundary layer in a zero-pressure gradient environment, over a range of boundary-layer thicknesses, oblique propagation angles and Mach numbers. This characterization is based on optical measurements using optical-wavefront-sensing instruments that have only become available in the last decade. The optical characterization includes and discusses in detail: optical-wavefront spectra, convective velocities of optically active large-scale structures and correlation functions in both streamwise and cross-stream directions, as well as root-mean-square optical path difference levels for different apertures. The scaling law based on the extended strong Reynolds analogy is derived and is shown to successfully collapse optical data collected in a number of facilities. Anisotropy of aero-optical distortions for different oblique viewing angles was experimentally quantified and is discussed.
Detection, Size, Measurement, and Structural Analysis Limits for the 2MASS, UKIDSS-LAS, and VISTA VIKING Surveys
Authors: Andrews Stephen K. , Kelvin Lee S. , Driver Simon P. , Robotham Aaron S. G. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe 2MASS, UKIDSS-LAS, and VISTA VIKING surveys have all now observed the GAMA 9hr region in the Ks band. Here we compare the detection rates, photometry, basic size measurements, and single-component GALFIT structural measurements for a sample of 37 591 galaxies. We explore the sensitivity limits where the data agree for a variety of issues including: detection, star–galaxy separation, photometric measurements, size and ellipticity measurements, and Sérsic measurements. We find that 2MASS fails to detect at least 20% of the galaxy population within all magnitude bins, however for those that are detected we find photometry is robust (± 0.2 mag) to 14.7 AB mag and star–galaxy separation to 14.8 AB mag. For UKIDSS-LAS we find incompleteness starts to enter at a flux limit of 18.9 AB mag, star–galaxy separation is robust to 16.3 AB mag, and structural measurements are robust to 17.7 AB mag. VISTA VIKING data are complete to approximately 20.0 AB mag and structural measurements appear robust to 18.8 AB mag.
IMPACT OF THE 2011 EARTHQUAKE ON MARRIAGES, BIRTHS AND THE SECONDARY SEX RATIO IN JAPAN
Authors: HAMAMATSU YURI , INOUE YOSUKE , WATANABE CHIHO , UMEZAKI MASAHIRO 
Published: February 2014

SummaryOn 11th March 2011 a magnitude nine earthquake struck the Tohoku region of Japan. The earthquake resulted in a large tsunami and an accident at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant. Previous studies have suggested that demographic indices relating to reproduction and marriage change after such massive disasters (e.g. large earthquakes). The present study investigated whether the number of births, number of marriages and the secondary sex ratio (SSR) changed after the East Japan Earthquake. The monthly number of births (males and females, separately) and marriages in each prefecture in Japan from January 1997 to June 2012 were obtained from the Demographic Survey of Japan. An analysis was performed for three different geographic boundary units: the disaster-stricken area, the non-disaster-stricken area and the whole of Japan. In each unit, the numbers of births and marriages in a given month during the post-disaster period were predicted based on a regression equation estimated by the numbers of births and marriages in that month during the pre-disaster period. The numbers of observed monthly births and marriages during the post-disaster period were compared with the predicted figures. Differences between the observed and predicted numbers were determined by referring to the 95% confidence limits for the predicted mean number. The observed probability of a male birth in a given month during the post-disaster period was compared with a 95% confidence interval of a binominal distribution. In all three boundary units, the number of births was significantly lower than the predicted number by about 3–8% from nine months after the disaster, while the number of marriages in October 2011 was significantly lower than the predicted number by about 25–28%. In October 2011, the SSR in the whole of Japan had decreased from 104.8 (the predicted SSR) to 102.9. The number of births and marriages and the SSR decreased in Japan after the East Japan Earthquake irrespective of locality.
Activity pattern of the neotropical marsupialDidelphis auritain south-eastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Ferreira Mariana Silva , Vieira Marcus Vinícius 
Published: February 2014

Abstract:Nocturnal activity is generally presumed, but rarely evaluated in studies of tropical small mammals. When evaluated, activity is frequently presented as a fixed pattern, but actually it is the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on individuals. We investigated effects of age, sex, minimum temperature, reproductive and climatic seasons on activity ofDidelphis aurita(Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) in an Atlantic Forest area in south-eastern Brazil from June 2009 to December 2010. We captured 37 individuals, 51 times (28 females and 23 males). Activity ofD. auritawas mostly nocturnal, but some individuals were active during the day (12%, N = 6). Nocturnal activity was bimodal, more prevalent in adults than juveniles, and different from most neotropical marsupials. Contrary to expectations, individuals ofD. auritawere more active at colder temperatures, which indicates that low temperatures do not limit foraging behaviour.
Probability increment based swarm optimization for combinatorial optimization with application to printed circuit board assembly
Authors: Zeng Kehan , Tan Zhen , Dong Mingchui , Yang Ping 
Published: February 2014

AbstractA novel swarm intelligence approach for combinatorial optimization is proposed, which we call probability increment based swarm optimization (PIBSO). The population evolution mechanism of PIBSO is depicted. Each state in search space has a probability to be chosen. The rule of increasing the probabilities of states is established. Incremental factor is proposed to update probability of a state, and its value is determined by the fitness of the state. It lets the states with better fitness have higher probabilities. Usual roulette wheel selection is employed to select states. Population evolution is impelled by roulette wheel selection and state probability updating. The most distinctive feature of PIBSO is because roulette wheel selection and probability updating produce a trade-off between global and local search; when PIBSO is applied to solve the printed circuit board assembly optimization problem (PCBAOP), it performs superiorly over existing genetic algorithm and adaptive particle swarm optimization on length of tour and CPU running time, respectively. The reason for having such advantages is analyzed in detail. The success of PCBAOP application verifies the effectiveness and efficiency of PIBSO and shows that it is a good method for combinatorial optimization in engineering.
Semi-Structured Listening Experience (Listening Training) in Hearing Aid Fitting: Influence on Dichotic Listening
Authors: Lavie Limor , Attias Joseph , Karni Avi 
Published: February 2014

PurposeIn this study, the authors tested whether training with amplified, clear speech in regular room acoustics would result in larger perceptual gains of auditory processing in elderly hearing aid users.MethodElderly participants with hearing impairment (N= 36, ages 64–88) were fitted with bilateral hearing aids and were randomly assigned to 2 unequal groups. Study group participants were provided with 7 sessions (1 month) of individual listening training during which a free conversation was conducted, with the aim of stimulating the amplified ears with verbal auditory input. The control group participants were fitted with hearing aids without training. Auditory processing changes were assessed through the use of dichotic listening tasks.ResultsDuring hearing aid use, dichotic listening scores—tested without the hearing aids—improved in both groups, mainly in the non-dominant ears. The overall dichotic performance was significantly higher in the study group, and the main effect of auditory training was manifested in the scores of the dominant ear.ConclusionsHearing aid use may improve auditory processing performance as tested in unaided conditions. Listening training has an additional beneficial effect on the dominant ear—that is, the ear with the lesser potential for improvement. Listening training in elderly adults presumably enhanced the acclimatization process by better recruiting the potential for auditory plasticity and improving attention recruitment.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Two Tense Measures for Identifying 3-Year-Olds With Language Impairment
Authors: Guo Ling-Yu , Eisenberg Sarita 
Published: February 2014

Purpose
The authors of this study investigated the diagnostic accuracy of the Finite Verb Morphology Composite (FVMC; Bedore & Leonard, 1998) and the Tense and Agreement Productivity Score (TAPS; Hadley & Short, 2005) in identifying 3-year-olds with language impairment (LI).

Method
Eighteen pairs of 3-year-olds with and without LI participated in the current study. The FVMC and the TAPS were computed from 100- and 50-utterance language samples.

Results
The FVMC and TAPS demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy in the 100-utterance samples than in the 50-utterance samples. For 100-utterance samples, when children's age or severity was not considered, the FVMC showed a slight advantage over the TAPS in diagnostic accuracy. However, when children's age or severity was considered, the opposite pattern was observed.

Conclusion
Both the FVMC and TAPS can be used to differentiate 3-year-olds with and without LI. To reliably identify 3-year-olds with LI by using tense measures, language samples with at least 100 utterances are recommended.
Grain growth, densification, and gyromagnetic properties of LiZnTi ferrites with H3BO3-Bi2O3-SiO2-ZnO glass addition
Authors: Zhou Tingchuan , Zhang Huaiwu , Jia Lijun , Li Jie , Liao Yulong , Jin LiChuan , Su Hua 
Published: February 2014

LiZnTi (Li0.43Zn0.27Ti0.13Fe2.17O4) ferrites doped with 0.35 wt. %–1.5 wt. % H3BO3-Bi2O3-SiO2-ZnO (BBSZ) were synthesized through a low temperature ceramic sintering process. The grain growth of LiZnTi ferrites was discussed by using the liquid phase sintering mechanism. BBSZ promoted grain growth via liquid phase sintering, and the optimum addition of BBSZ could reduce porosity of the sample. Meanwhile, selected parameters including saturation induction (BS), coercivity (HC) and ferromagnetic resonance line width (ΔH) were measured as functions of doping content, and their relationships with ferrite porosity and microstructure were also discussed. The LiZnTi ferrite samples containing x = 0.5, 0.65, and 0.8 sintered at 920 °C, 900 °C, and 880 °C, respectively, exhibited high BS and low ΔH values at 9.3 GHz. The addition of proper content of BBSZ can not only improve BS but also reduce HC and ferromagnetic resonance line width (ΔH) by low temperature (∼900 °C) liquid phase sintering.
DNMT3A Arg882 mutation drives chronic myelomonocytic leukemia through disturbing gene expression/DNA methylation in hematopoietic cells
Authors: Xu Jie , Wang Yue-Ying , Dai Yu-Jun , Zhang Wu , Zhang Wei-Na , Xiong Shu-Min , Gu Zhao-Hui , Wang Kan-Kan , Zeng Rong , Chen Zhu , Chen Sai-Juan 
Published: February 2014

Significance
Epigenetic modifications are required for the regulation of hematopoiesis. DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), a critical epigenetic modifier responsible for de novo DNA methylation, was reported recently to be a frequently mutated gene in hematopoietic malignancies. However, the role of mutated DNMT3A in hematopoiesis remains largely unknown. Here we show that the Arg882 (R882) mutation of DNMT3A disrupts the normal function of this enzyme and results in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) in mice. Meanwhile, the gene expression, DNA methylation, and protein–protein interaction assays suggest that DNMT3A R882 mutation drives CMML by disturbing the transcriptional expression/DNA methylation program and cell-cycle regulation of hematopoietic cells. This study may shed light on the function of DNMT3A mutant in myeloid leukemogenesis.
Sociology of Human Rights
Authors: Turner Bryan S. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
This article examines the role of sociology in international human rights law. It discusses the relevant views of German sociologist Max Weber and considers the issues of human rights and citizenship rights. It describes the emergence of the sociology of human rights as a consequence of taking globalization seriously and highlights the failure of sociologists to address long-standing philosophical problems surrounding human rights. This article identifies a number of legitimate sociological areas of inquiry which include the social and political conditions that have produced the entitlements or juridical revolutions and the social movements that have fostered human rights developments.
What Outcomes for Victims?
Authors: McKay Fiona 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
This article examines the redress processes for victims of human rights violations. It explores the outcomes of human rights law from the point of view of victims of human rights violations and evaluates what outcome may be satisfactory for victims. The analysis reveals that while efforts to redress human rights violations have produced a considerable volume of legal instruments, reports, recommendations and programs, what victims have actually received at the end of the day is less impressive. This article highlights the fact that many victims of human rights violations are not able to access any avenue of redress. It also stressed the need for procedural justice and victim-centred approaches in the reparations processes.
First gravitational lensing mass estimate of a damped Lyman α galaxy at z = 2.2
Authors: Grillo C. , Fynbo J. P. U. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
We present the first lensing total mass estimate of a galaxy, at redshift 2.207, that acts as a gravitational deflector and damped Lyman α absorber on the background QSO SDSS J1135−0010, at redshift 2.888. The remarkably small projected distance, or impact parameter, between the lens and the source has been estimated to be 0.8 ± 0.1 kpc in a recent work. By exploiting the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data base, we establish a likely lensing magnification signal in the photometry of the QSO. This is determined to be 2.2 mag brighter (or eight times more luminous) than the median QSO at comparable redshifts. We describe the total mass distribution of the lens galaxy with a one-component singular isothermal sphere model and contrast the values of the observed and model-predicted magnification factors. For the former, we use conservatively the photometric data of the 95 per cent of the available distant QSO population. We estimate that the values of the lens effective velocity dispersion and two-dimensional total mass, projected within a cylinder with radius equal to the impact parameter, are included between 60 and 170 km s−1 and 2.1 × 109 and 1.8 × 1010 M⊙, respectively. We conclude by remarking that analyses of this kind are crucial to exploring the relation between the luminous and dark-matter components of galaxies in the high-redshift Universe.
The transcript elongation factor SPT4/SPT5 is involved in auxin-related gene expression in Arabidopsis
Authors: Dürr Julius , Lolas Ihab B. , Sørensen Brian B. , Schubert Veit , Houben Andreas , Melzer Michael , Deutzmann Rainer , Grasser Marion , Grasser Klaus D. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
The heterodimeric complex SPT4/SPT5 is a transcript elongation factor (TEF) that directly interacts with RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) to regulate messenger RNA synthesis in the chromatin context. We provide biochemical evidence that in Arabidopsis, SPT4 occurs in a complex with SPT5, demonstrating that the SPT4/SPT5 complex is conserved in plants. Each subunit is encoded by two genes SPT4-1/2 and SPT5-1/2. A mutant affected in the tissue-specifically expressed SPT5-1 is viable, whereas inactivation of the generally expressed SPT5-2 is homozygous lethal. RNAi-mediated downregulation of SPT4 decreases cell proliferation and causes growth reduction and developmental defects. These plants display especially auxin signalling phenotypes. Consistently, auxin-related genes, most strikingly AUX/IAA genes, are downregulated in SPT4–RNAi plants that exhibit an enhanced auxin response. In Arabidopsis nuclei, SPT5 clearly localizes to the transcriptionally active euchromatin, and essentially co-localizes with transcribing RNAPII. Typical for TEFs, SPT5 is found over the entire transcription unit of RNAPII-transcribed genes. In SPT4–RNAi plants, elevated levels of RNAPII and SPT5 are detected within transcribed regions (including those of downregulated genes), indicating transcript elongation defects in these plants. Therefore, SPT4/SPT5 acts as a TEF in Arabidopsis, regulating transcription during the elongation stage with particular impact on the expression of certain auxin-related genes.
Structure-function analysis of the Yhc1 subunit of yeast U1 snRNP and genetic interactions of Yhc1 with Mud2, Nam8, Mud1, Tgs1, U1 snRNA, SmD3 and Prp28
Authors: Schwer Beate , Shuman Stewart 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Yhc1 and U1C are homologous essential subunits of the yeast and human U1 snRNP, respectively, that are implicated in the establishment and stability of the complex of U1 bound to the pre-mRNA 5′ splice site (5′SS). Here, we conducted a mutational analysis of Yhc1, guided by the U1C NMR structure and low-resolution crystal structure of human U1 snRNP. The N-terminal 170-amino acid segment of the 231-amino acid Yhc1 polypeptide sufficed for vegetative growth. Although changing the zinc-binding residue Cys6 to alanine was lethal, alanines at zinc-binding residues Cys9, His24 and His30 were not. Benign alanine substitutions at conserved surface residues elicited mutational synergies with other splicing components. YHC1-R21A was synthetically lethal in the absence of Mud2 and synthetically sick in the absence of Nam8, Mud1 and Tgs1 or in the presence of variant U1 snRNAs. YHC1 alleles K28A, Y12A, T14A, K22A and H15A displayed a progressively narrower range of synergies. R21A and K28A bypassed the essentiality of DEAD-box protein Prp28, suggesting that they affected U1•5′SS complex stability. Yhc1 Arg21 fortifies the U1•5′SS complex via contacts with SmD3 residues Glu37/Asp38, mutations of which synergized with mud2Δ and bypassed prp28Δ. YHC1-(1-170) was synthetically lethal with mutations of all components interrogated, with the exception of Nam8.