bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term Prognostic Value for Patients with Chronic Heart Failure of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Calculated with the New CKD-EPI Equations Containing Cystatin C
Authors: Zamora Elisabet , Lupón Josep , de Antonio Marta , Vila Joan , Peñafiel Judith , Galán Amparo , Urrutia Agustín , Domingo Mar , Bayes-Genis Antoni 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Correct estimation of renal function is crucial in assessing prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF). Recently, two new equations have been proposed to calculate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with cystatin C alone or both creatinine and cystatin C. We assessed the prognostic value of eGFR estimated by these new equations in outpatients with HF.

METHODS
The study included 879 patients with median age, 70.4 years; main etiology of HF ischemic heart disease, 52.7%; and median LVEF, 34%.

RESULTS
eGFR estimates by the new equations correlated significantly with eGFR estimates from previous equations, with the best correlation observed between the 2 equations containing cystatin C [intraclass correlation coefficient 0.95 (95% confidence interval 0.94–0.95)]. During a median follow-up of 3.94 years, 371 patients died. The Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations containing cystatin C were found to be best for predicting death [area under the ROC curve 0.685 for CKD-EPI-cystatin C and 0.672 for CKD-EPI-creatinine-cystatin C vs 0.632 for simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study traceable to isotope dilution mass spectrometry and 0.643 for CKD-EPI (all P &lt; 0.001)]. The CKD-EPI-cystatin C equations also showed significantly better calibration and reclassification measurements for both integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement in predicting death (P &lt; 0.001). Reclassification with these new equations was particularly better in the subgroup with intermediate eGFR [45–74 mL · min−1 · (1.73 m2)−1].

CONCLUSIONS
The two new CKD-EPI equations containing cystatin C are useful for HF risk stratification and show better prognostic performance than creatinine-only based eGFR equations, mostly in patients with intermediate eGFR. These equations seem appropriate for assessing prognosis of HF patients with moderate renal insufficiency.
Prognostic Relevance of Viable Circulating Tumor Cells Detected by EPISPOT in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Ramirez Jean-Marie , Fehm Tanja , Orsini Mattea , Cayrefourcq Laure , Maudelonde Thierry , Pantel Klaus , Alix-Panabières Catherine 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in breast cancer patients is currently performed in many clinical trials, using different technologies, in particular the EpCAM-dependent CellSearch® system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and prognostic relevance of viable CTC in a large cohort of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients.

METHODS
A total of 254 MBC patients were enrolled in a prospective multicenter study at first diagnosis of metastatic disease or disease progression (before the start of a new treatment regimen). After EpCAM-independent enrichment, viable CTC releasing cytokeratin-19 as an epithelial cell marker were detected in the peripheral blood by an EPISPOT assay, and the Food and Drug Administration cleared CellSearch was used as the reference method.

RESULTS
Using the EPISPOT assay, CTC were detected in 59% of MBC patients. The overall survival (OS) was linked with the CTC status measured by EPISPOT (P = 0.0191), which allowed stratification of MBC patients in low- and high-risk groups. This stratification could be improved by addition of the CTC status assessed by the CellSearch system. In multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis, the 3 methods used to determine the level of CTC (EPISPOT, CellSearch, and combination of EPISPOT/CellSearch) were compared by the Bayesian information criterion method. Interestingly, the combination of the EPISPOT and CellSearch assays was the strongest predictor of OS (hazard ratio, 22.6; 95% CI, 2.8–184.08).

CONCLUSIONS
This is the first study in which CTC detection using the EPISPOT assay was evaluated on a large cohort of MBC patients, showing prognostic relevance of the presence of viable CTC.
Gene functional dynamics: environment as a trigger?
Authors: Stoupel Eliyahu G. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Recent decades have seen the deciphering of the human genome and, also, progress in studies related to the effects of space-weather on humans. The progress in genetics allows us to connect many human pathologies with specific gene abnormalities. Concomitantly it has been shown that many congenital and adherent diseases, and the timing of death are connected with space factors such as solar activity (SA), geomagnetic activity (GMA), cosmic ray activity (CRA), and space neutron and proton flux. Here arises the question to what extent gene expression is affected by the aforementioned space physical activity parameters. This is the motto of this hypothetical paper. In conclusion, the space-weather-related timing of many medical events invites presumption that gene activity is a changing phenomenon and space weather components may be playing a regulatory role in these changes.
Multiobjective optimization of composite cylindrical shells for strength and frequency using genetic algorithm and neural networks
Authors: Garmsiri Karim , Jalal Mostafa 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this paper, the optimal fiber orientations relative to the principle axis of composite cylindrical shell composed of four and six layers were determined so that the natural frequency and strength of the shell are optimized. For this purpose, first, the free vibration analysis of the shell was carried out based on 3D elasticity. Then, for calculation of the strength objective function, the inverse form of Tsai-Hill yield criteria was used and the functions of strength and frequency were developed in terms of fiber orientation. Once the correctness of the above solutions was ensured, the objective functions were modeled with artificial neural network (ANN). The model made was then introduced into genetic algorithm (GA) and the maximum fitness function and optimal staking sequence of the layers with respect to the fibers angles were obtained. Optimal solutions obtained by combination of ANN and GA are compared to the solutions obtained by analytical solution and GA; eventually, the tables and diagrams are presented and different fiber orientations as optimization solutions are presented as the final results of the composite shell analysis.
Calcium and magnesium uptake with the yield of meadow vegetation in relation to their content in atmospheric precipitation, ground water and soil solution / Pobranie wapnia i magnezu z plonem roślinności łąkowej na tle ich zawartości w opadzie atmosferycznym, wodzie gruntowej i roztworze glebowym
Authors: Sapek Barbara 
Published: November 2013

Abstract The question was how and under which conditions the concentration and load of calcium and magnesium in atmospheric precipitation, ground water and soil solution may affect their uptake by vegetation in a managed meadow. The answer was based on results of Ca and Mg determinations in atmospheric fallout near Falenty, and in soil waters from two long-term meadow experiments on mineral soils situated in Masovian Province. Obtained results showed a complex effect of Ca and Mg deposition and associated effects of these components in ground water and soil solution on their uptake by plants due to fertilisation effect, harvesting and other factors of human impact. No distinctly positive effect was found of the increased deposition of Ca with atmospheric fallout on its uptake by plants on a long term basis. Such an effect was demonstrated for Mg load but only in very acidic soil. Under favourable physical and water conditions and at weakly acidic soil pH this effect was negative. The enrichment of ground water in Ca was accompanied by the increase of its uptake by plants and, at the same time, by the decrease of Mg uptake from very acidic soil. Under such soil pH, decreased Ca uptake was associated with its higher concentration in soil solution. Neutralization of soil acidity facilitated the increased Mg concentration in soil solution and its decreased uptake by plants. Obtained results inspire to undertake similar studies in natural grassland ecosystems and in the so-called lands of ecological use.
Mycorrhizal preferences and fine spatial structure of the epiphytic orchid Epidendrum rhopalostele
Authors: Riofrío María L. , Cruz Dario , Torres Elena , de la Cruz Marcelino , Iriondo José M. , Suárez Juan Pablo 
Published: November 2013

• Premise of the study: The presence of compatible fungi is necessary for epiphytic orchid recruitment. Thus, identifying associated mycorrhizal fungi at the population level is essential for orchid conservation. Recruitment patterns may also be conditioned by factors such as seed dispersal range and specific environmental characteristics.• Methods: In a forest plot, all trees with a diameter at breast height >1 cm and all individuals of the epiphytic orchid Epidendrum rhopalostele were identified and mapped. Additionally, one flowering individual of E. rhopalostele per each host tree was randomly selected for root sampling and DNA extraction.• Key results: A total of 239 E. rhopalostele individuals were located in 25 of the 714 potential host trees. Light microscopy of sampled roots showed mycorrhizal fungi in 22 of the 25 sampled orchids. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2 sequences yielded two Tulasnella clades. In four cases, plants were found to be associated with both clades. The difference between univariate and bivariate K functions was consistent with the random labeling null model at all spatial scales, indicating that trees hosting clades A and B of Tulasnella are not spatially segregated. The analysis of the inhomogenous K function showed that host trees are not clustered, suggesting no limitations to population‐scale dispersal. χ2 analysis of contingency tables showed that E. rhopalostele is more frequent on dead trees than expected.• Conclusions: Epidendrum rhopalostele establishes mycorrhizal associations with at least two different Tulasnella species. The analysis of the distribution patterns of this orchid suggests a microsite preference for dead trees and no seed dispersal limitation.
Persuasive Mechanisms of Nostalgic Brand Packages
Authors: Orth Ulrich R. , Gal Steffi 
Published: November 2013

SummaryTwo studies investigate the relationships between consumers' involuntary autobiographical memories evoked by visual cues on brand packages, their judgments of authenticity, emotion, and behavioral intention. Study 1 employs actual brand packages to show that two forms of authenticity, indexicality (a genuine historic link to the past), and iconicity (a symbolic link) influence behavioral intention through the diverging emotion elicited by nostalgic memories and perceived persuasive intent. Study 2 replicates effect with more abstract package stimuli from another product category and demonstrates an attenuating effect of cognitive load on consumer perception of persuasive intent. These findings contribute to the literature by the following: (i) disentangling the knotted emotional and mnemonic structure of nostalgia in commercial contexts; (ii) providing convergent empirical evidence for the divergent roles of indexicality and iconicity as two previously under‐researched visual properties; and (iii) highlighting autobiographical memories and perceived persuasive intent as important mediators of effects on emotion. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sialic acid content of erythrocytes in normal individuals and patients with certain hematologic disorders
Authors: Aminoff D. , Anderson J. , Dabich L. , Gathmann W.D. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe sialic acid content of erythrocytes from healthy individuals of different blood types and of patients with known hematological disorders has been determined. The sialic acid was completely released enzymatically with sialidase and quantitated by the thiobarbituric acid method. The sialic acid content of erythrocytes was constant irrespective of ABO blood type, or anticoagulant used; viz, 0.85–0.92 m̈moles/ml of packed erythrocytes or 46–53 × 106 sialyl residues per cell. Deviations from these normal values were obtained with erythrocytes from patients with a variety of hematological disorders. Patients with the following disorders have significantly (P < 0.01) lower sialic acid values compared to erythrocytes from healthy individuals (given in the order of decreasing sialic acid content): sickle cell anemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute myelomonocytic leukemia, non‐Hodgkin lymphocytic lymphoma, chronic granulocytic leukemia, acute myelocytic leukemia, leukemia, and Hodgkin disease.
Drug‐induced immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Moss Robert A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA variety of drugs and other agents have been reported to cause immune‐mediated platelet destruction. The cardinal features of this syndrome are acute, often alarming, purpura, closely related to drug exposure, which remits in one to two weeks after discontinuation of all suspect drugs. Quinidine and quinine have been most commonly implicated but, recently, both heparin and heroin have been the subject of numerous reports.Platelets are removed rapidly from the circulation, apparently as a result of the attachment of drug‐antibody immune complexes. In vitro documentation of platelet injury by these complexes has inspired the development of many in vitro tests of differing sophistication. While valuable in confirming the clinical suspicion, none is sufficiently sensitive to exclude the diagnosis.
Der Einfluss von strukturellen Spannungen auf die Reaktivität von getragenen Metalloxidkatalysatoren
Authors: Amakawa Kazuhiko , Sun Lili , Guo Chunsheng , Hävecker Michael , Kube Pierre , Wachs Israel E. , Lwin Soe , Frenkel Anatoly I. , Patlolla Anitha , Hermann Klaus , Schlögl Robert , Trunschke Annette 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDurch Ionenaustausch wurde MoO3 hochdispers (0.2–2.5 Mo‐Atome nm−2) auf die Oberfläche von mesoporösem SiO2 (SBA‐15) aufgetragen. Röntgenabsorption, UV/Vis‐, Raman‐ und IR‐Spektroskopie zeigten, dass zweifach verankerte tetraedrische MoO4‐Dioxo‐Einheiten unabhängig von der Beladung dominieren. Eine verbesserte Reduzierbarkeit bei Beladungen nahe der Monolage, die mittels temperaturprogrammierten Reduktion gemessen wurde, und der sprunghafte Anstieg der Reaktivität in der Metathese von Propen oder der oxidativen Dehydrierung von Propan bei 8 % Mo/SBA‐15 werden auf die Frustration von MoO4‐Spezies und laterale Wechselwirkungen zurückgeführt. DFT Modellrechnungen ermöglichten eine Zuordnung der Röntgenabsorptionsspektren an der O‐K‐Kante zu geometrisch verzerrten MoO4‐Spezies, die in hochbeladenen Katalysatoren auftreten. Die eingeschränkte Verfügbarkeit von Silanol‐Ankergruppen führt hier zur Bildung verzerrter Konfigurationen, denen die hohe katalytische Aktivität zugeschrieben wird.
Core–Shell‐Structured CNT@RuO2 Composite as a High‐Performance Cathode Catalyst for Rechargeable Li–O2 Batteries
Authors: Jian Zelang , Liu Pan , Li Fujun , He Ping , Guo Xianwei , Chen Mingwei , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: November 2013

AbstractA RuO2 shell was uniformly coated on the surface of core CNTs by a simple sol–gel method, and the resulting composite was used as a catalyst in a rechargeable Li–O2 battery. This core–shell structure can effectively prevent direct contact between the CNT and the discharge product Li2O2, thus avoiding or reducing the formation of Li2CO3, which can induce large polarization and lead to charge failure. The battery showed a high round‐trip efficiency (ca. 79 %), with discharge and charge overpotentials of 0.21 and 0.51 V, respectively, at a current of 100 mA gtotal−1. The battery also exhibited excellent rate and cycling performance.
Development and techno‐economic evaluation of a biorefinery based on biomass (waste) streams – case study in the Netherlands
Authors: Van Dael Miet , Márquez Nathalie , Reumerman Patrick , Pelkmans Luc , Kuppens Tom , Van Passel Steven 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn this paper, the technical and economic advantages of combining conversion technologies into a multi‐dimensional plant primarily using regional biomass residues are investigated. The main objective is to show how locally available biomass can be used more efficiently as a source for renewable energy and bio‐based products. Therefore, not only is the theoretical perspective considered, but also a reality check for the local situation is taken into account. Although industrial attitude toward biorefineries is positive, the efficient production of a portfolio of bio‐based products has not yet been implemented. A biorefinery concept for Moerdijk (the Netherlands) was developed, focusing on grass refining, production of pyrolysis oil, biodiesel production, and bio‐LNG production. Grass refining is the most experimental technique of all proposed conversion techniques. In terms of development, pyrolysis oil and bio‐LNG production are in the demonstration phase. Anaerobic digestion and biodiesel production are proven techniques. It is shown that this concept allows for synergies with regard to the utilization of residue flows from internal processes. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that by integrating different conversion technologies, an economically feasible concept can be developed in which technologies, currently residing in a demonstration phase, can also be brought to the market. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Identification and characterization of host cell protein product‐associated impurities in monoclonal antibody bioprocessing
Authors: Levy Nicholas E. , Valente Kristin N. , Choe Leila H. , Lee Kelvin H. , Lenhoff Abraham M. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTDownstream processing of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has evolved to allow the specific process for a new product to be developed largely by empirical specialization of a platform process that enables removal of impurities of different kinds. A more complete characterization of impurities and the product itself would provide insights into the rational design of efficient downstream processes. This work identifies and characterizes host cell protein (HCP) product‐associated impurities, that is, HCP species carried through the downstream processes via direct interactions with the mAb. Interactions between HCPs and mAbs are characterized using cross‐interaction chromatography under solution conditions typical of those used in downstream processing. The interacting species are then identified by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. This methodology has been applied to identify product‐associated impurities in one particular purification step, namely protein A affinity chromatography, for four therapeutic mAbs as well as the Fab and Fc domains of one of these mAbs. The results show both the differences in HCP–mAb interactions among different mAbs, and the relative importance of product association compared to co‐elution in protein A affinity chromatography. Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 904–912. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of inversion‐recovery methods for measuring longitudinal relaxation rates
Authors: Frye James S. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe most common experiment for determining T1 is the inversion‐recovery sequence: 180° ‐ τ −90°‐acquire. The advantage is a large range of peak intensity change (theoretically −1 to +1), and the penalty is the requirement for collecting many long‐τ spectra to establish precisely the equilibrium magnetization value, M(∞). A modification of inversion‐recovery: 180° ‐ τ −90° ‐acquire (+) ‐ wait −90° ‐ acquire(−) ‐ wait, offers the same range of intensity change (2 to 0) but relaxes the requirement for many long‐τ spectra, since M(∞) = 0. A more fundamental advantage is a reduction in the number of adjustable parameters in the fit, thereby making the detection and analysis of nonexponential relaxation more straightforward than for traditional inversion‐recovery data. Nonexponential behavior is fairly common in solid‐state NMR, and this “exponential decay to zero” approach is useful in cross‐polarization and single‐pulse modes.
Triplet‐State‐Mediated Super‐Resolution Imaging of Fluorophore‐Labeled Gold Nanorods
Authors: Blythe Karole L. , Titus Eric J. , Willets Katherine A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTriplet‐state‐mediated super‐resolution imaging was used to map the positions of fluorescently labeled double‐stranded DNA bound to the surface of gold nanorods. In order to isolate individual fluorophores bound to the nanorod surface, imaging conditions were optimized such that the majority of the fluorophores were forced into a triplet dark state, and fluorescence from approximately one molecule at a time was detected. The fluorescence from the emitting single molecule was then fit to a two‐dimensional (2D) Gaussian to localize its position relative to the nanorod substrate. The reconstructed super‐resolution images showed excellent agreement with the shape and orientation of the nanorods, although, based on correlated atomic force microscopy, they consistently under‐estimated nanorod size. The apparent DNA ligand binding on the gold nanorod surface showed significant heterogeneity, with examples of preferential binding to nanorod ends, uniform binding across the nanorod surface, and site‐specific binding to a single end of the nanorod. This heterogeneity would be hidden in a typical ensemble or diffraction‐limited measurement, highlighting the need for single nanoparticle super‐resolution imaging studies.
Study of the Diradicaloid Character in a Prototypical Pancake‐Bonded Dimer: The Stacked Tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) Anion Dimer and the Neutral K2TCNE2 Complex
Authors: Cui Zhong‐hua , Lischka Hans , Mueller Thomas , Plasser Felix , Kertesz Miklos 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe π‐bonded tetracyanoethylene anion dimer (TCNE22−) and the neutral K2TCNE2 system have been investigated to obtain new insights into the unique features of two‐electron multicenter (2e–mc) π‐pancake bonding. The inter‐radical interaction leads to a significant diradicaloid character described by two singly occupied molecular orbitals (SOMOs) of the monomers. A highly correlated approach, the multireference averaged quadratic coupled‐cluster (MR‐AQCC) method, has been used to achieve a balanced description of the different types of electron correlation that occur in this system. The analysis of the interaction energies for the two systems in the singlet and the lowest triplet states and of the unpaired electron densities demonstrate the importance of diradical π bonding in addition to the conventional van der Waals interactions that occur in intermolecular interactions. In this analysis, the separation of the repulsive Coulomb interaction energies from the remaining terms turned out to be a crucial prerequisite to achieve consistent results. Our calculations also confirm that the driving force behind the energetic stability of the pancake bonds predominantly derives from the overlap of the SOMO–SOMO bonding interaction.