bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief Exposure to Aversive Stimuli Impairs Visual Selective Attention
Authors: Paczynski Martin , Burton Adam M. , Jha Amishi P. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Although it is well established that stress can disrupt complex cognitive functions, relatively little is known about how it influences visual processing, especially in terms of visual selective attention. In the current study, we used highly aversive images, taken from the International Affective Picture System, to induce acute, low-intensity stress while participants performed a visual discrimination task. Consistent with prior research, we found that anticipation of aversive stimuli increased overall amplitude of the N170, suggesting an increase in early sensory gain. More importantly, we found that stress disrupted visual selective attention. While in no-stress blocks, the amplitude of the face-sensitive N170 was higher when participants attended to faces rather than scenes in face–scene overlay images; this effect was absent under stress. This was because of an increase in N170 amplitude in the scene-attend condition under stress. We interpret these findings as suggesting that even low-intensity acute stress can impair participants' ability to filter out task-irrelevant information. We discuss our findings in relation to how even brief exposure to low-intensity stress may adversely impact both healthy and clinical populations.
Capital and Knowledge: Integrating Arrow’s Learning-by-Doing, the Walrasian Equilibrium Theory and Neoclassical Growth Theory
Authors: Zhang Wei-Bin 
Published: December 2014

This article proposes a neoclassical growth model with endogenous capital accumulation and knowledge creation. The model integrates Arrow’s learning by doing, Uzawa’s two-sector growth model and Walrasian general equilibrium theory. We use a utility function, which determines leisure time, saving and consumption with utility optimization without leading to a higher dimensional dynamic system like the Ramsey approach. The dynamics of J-household economy is described by a (  J + 1)-dimensional differential equations system. We simulate the motion of the model and demonstrate transitional and long-term effects of changes in the propensity to save, the propensity to use leisure time, the population, the learning-by-doing efficiency and knowledge utilization efficiency. The comparative dynamic analysis provides some insights into issues related to inequality and growth. JEL Classification: D51, D31, O41, E13
Mapping of single-copy genes by TSA-FISH in the codling moth, Cydia pomonella
Authors: Carabajal Paladino Leonela Z , Nguyen Petr , Šíchová Jindra , Marec František 
Published: December 2014

AbstractBackgroundWe work on the development of transgenic sexing strains in the codling moth,Cydia pomonella(Tortricidae), which would enable to produce male-only progeny for the population control of this pest using sterile insect technique (SIT). To facilitate this research, we have developed a number of cytogenetic and molecular tools, including a physical map of the codling moth Z chromosome using BAC-FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization with bacterial artificial chromosome probes). However, chromosomal localization of unique, single-copy sequences such as a transgene cassette by conventional FISH remains challenging. In this study, we adapted a FISH protocol with tyramide signal amplification (TSA-FISH) for detection of single-copy genes in Lepidoptera. We tested the protocol with probes prepared from partial sequences of Z-linked genes in the codling moth.ResultsUsing a modified TSA-FISH protocol we successfully mapped a partial sequence of theAcetylcholinesterase 1(Ace-1) gene to the Z chromosome and confirmed thus its Z-linkage. A subsequent combination of BAC-FISH with BAC probes containing anticipated neighbouring Z-linked genes and TSA-FISH with theAce-1probe allowed the integration ofAce-1in the physical map of the codling moth Z chromosome. We also developed a two-colour TSA-FISH protocol which enabled us simultaneous localization of two Z-linked genes,Ace-1andNotch, to the expected regions of the Z chromosome.ConclusionsWe showed that TSA-FISH represents a reliable technique for physical mapping of genes on chromosomes of moths and butterflies. Our results suggest that this technique can be combined with BAC-FISH and in the future used for physical localization of transgene cassettes on chromosomes of transgenic lines in the codling moth or other lepidopteran species. Furthermore, the developed protocol for two-colour TSA-FISH might become a powerful tool for synteny mapping in non-model organisms.
Development and evaluation of male-only strains of the Australian sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina
Authors: Scott Maxwell J 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe Australian sheep blowflyLucilia cuprina(Wiedemann) is a major pest of sheep in Australia and New Zealand. From the 1960s to the 1980s there was a major effort to develop "field female killing" or FFK strains ofL. cuprinathat could be used for a cost-effective genetic control program. The FFK strains carried eye color mutations that were lethal to females in the field but not under conditions in the mass rearing facility. Males did not die in the field as normal copies of the eye color genes had been translocated to the Y chromosome and an autosome. Although the FFK strains showed some promise in field tests, a genetic control program in mainland Australia was never implemented for several reasons including instability of the FFK strains during mass rearing. A stable transgenic strain ofL. cuprinathat carried one or more dominant repressible female lethal genes offered the potential for efficient genetic control of blowfly populations. Here I review our research on tetracycline-repressible female lethal genetic systems,Luciliagerm-line transformation and sex determination genes that ultimately led to the successful development of transgenic "male-only" strains ofL. cuprina. The technology developed forL. cuprinashould be directly transferable to other blowfly livestock pests includingL. sericataand the New World and Old World screwworm. 29
Subtractive and differential hybridization molecular analyses of Ceratitis capitata XX/XY versus XX embryos to search for male-specific early transcribed genes
Authors: Salvemini Marco , D'Amato Rocco , Petrella Valeria , Ippolito Domenica , Ventre Giuseppe , Zhang Ying , Saccone Giuseppe 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe agricultural pest Ceratitis capitata, also known as the Mediterranean fruit fly or Medfly, is a fruit crop pest of very high economic relevance in different continents. The strategy to separate Ceratitis males from females (sexing) in mass rearing facilities is a useful step before the sterilization and release of male-only flies in Sterile Insect Technique control programs (SIT). The identification of genes having early embryonic male-specific expression, including Y-linked genes, such as the Maleness factor, could help to design novel and improved methods of sexing in combination with transgenesis, aiming to confer conditional female-specific lethality or female-to-male sexual reversal.We used a combination of Suppression Subtractive Hybrydization (SSH), Mirror Orientation Selection (MOS) and differential screening hybridization (DSH) techniques to approach the problem of isolating corresponding mRNAs expressed in XX/XY embryos versus XX-only embryos during a narrow developmental window (8-10 hours after egg laying, AEL ). Here we describe a novel strategy we have conceived to obtain relatively large amounts of XX-only embryos staged at 8-10 h AEL and so to extract few micrograms of polyA+ required to apply the complex technical procedure. The combination of these 3 techniques led to the identification of a Y-linked putative gene, CcGm2, sharing high sequence identity to a paralogous gene, CcGm1, localized either on an autosome or on the X chromosome.We propose that CcGm2 is a first interesting putative Y-linked gene which could play a role in sex determination. The function exterted by this gene should be investigated by novel genetic tools, such as CRISPR-CAS9, which will permit to target only the Y-linked paralogue, avoiding to interfere with the autosomal or X-linked paralogue function.
Dynamics of a two-dimensional competitive system of rational difference equations with quadratic terms
Authors: Hadžiabdić Vahidin , Kulenović Mustafa RS , Pilav Esmir 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
We investigate global dynamics of the following systems of difference equations:

{

x

n
+
1

=

b
1

x
n
2

A
1

+

y
n
2

,

y

n
+
1

=

a
2

+

c
2

y
n
2

x
n
2

,

n
=
0
,
1
,
2
,
…
,

where the parameters

b
1

,

a
2

,

A
1

,

c
2

are positive numbers and the initial condition

y
0

is an arbitrary nonnegative number and

x
0

is a positive number. We show that this system has rich dynamics which depends on the part of a parametric space. We find precisely the basins of attraction of all attractors including the points at ∞.

MSC:39A10, 39A30, 37E99, 37D10.
The significance of macrophage phenotype in cancer and biomaterials
Authors: Bygd Hannah C , Forsmark Kiva D , Bratlie Kaitlin M 
Published: December 2014

AbstractMacrophages have long been known to exhibit heterogeneous and plastic phenotypes. They show functional diversity with roles in homeostasis, tissue repair, immunity and disease. There exists a spectrum of macrophage phenotypes with varied effector functions, molecular determinants, cytokine and chemokine profiles, as well as receptor expression. In tumor microenvironments, the subset of macrophages known as tumor‐associated macrophages generates byproducts that enhance tumor growth and angiogenesis, making them attractive targets for anti‐cancer therapeutics. With respect to wound healing and the foreign body response, there is a necessity for balance between pro‐inflammatory, wound healing, and regulatory macrophages in order to achieve successful implantation of a scaffold for tissue engineering. In this review, we discuss the multitude of ways macrophages are known to be important in cancer therapies and implanted biomaterials.
The Canadian contribution to the otolaryngology literature: A five year bibliometric analysis
Authors: Gurberg Joshua , Lin June RJ , Akbari Elaheh , White Paul , Nunez Desmond A 
Published: December 2014

Objectives To assess the 2008-2012 Canadian contribution to the Otolaryngology literature. Methods All articles published from January 2008 - December 2012 in 5 Otolaryngology journals were reviewed. Nationality, number of authors, and study type were extracted. The output, number of authors, and study type of Canadian papers were compared to International papers using Mantel-Haenszel Common Odds Ratio Estimate, Pearson's Chi-Squared or Fishers exact tests. Results 4519 papers were analyzed. There was a statistically significant decrease in Canadian authored papers from 12.8% in 2008-9 to 10.2% in 2011-12 (Fishers exact, p = .01). Multi-authorship increased in Canadian papers (χ2, p = .01). The types of studies published by Canadian Otolaryngologists did not change over the study period. Conclusions Canadian authored papers in a sample of Otolaryngology journals decreased from 2008 to 2012. The increase in multiauthorship, whilst indicating increasing collaboration, suggests reduced per capita publication productivity. These findings warrant further study.
Influences of partial components in firefighters’ personal protective equipment on subjective perception
Authors: Kim Siyeon , Jang Young Joon , Baek Yoon Jeong , Lee Joo-Young 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the influences of partial components of firefighters’ personal protective equipment (PPE) on subjective perception during exercise and recovery at 28°C, 40% RH. Eight firefighters participated in eight conditions consisting of various combinations of PPE components weighing from 7.8 to 14.9 kg (fully equipped with all PPE, FullPPE; FullPPE without a self-contained breathing apparatus, NoSCBA; FullPPE without a helmet, NoHelmet; FullPPE without gloves, NoGloves; FullPPE without boots, NoBoots; Full PPE without bunker jacket or pants, NoJP; Not equipped with a helmet, gloves, boots, or breathing apparatus, NoHGBS and Control (1.1 kg; wearing shorts, long-sleeved shirts and long pants)). The results showed: 1) Alleviation of subjectively perceived strain was significantly greater in NoJP during both exercise and recovery than NoHelmet and Nogloves, while the NoJP showed no significant difference with NoBoots and NoHGBS. 2) NoBoots was significantly effective in relieving physiological thermal burden rather than in psychological strain. 3) Exposing the hands and feet affected the local thermal sensation and sweat sensation of the hands and feet, respectively, while exposing the head did not affect local head thermal sensation and sweat sensation. 4) The relationship between clothing microclimate humidity and sweat sensation showed a logarithmic function. The present study indicate that weight loss in boots alleviated physiological strain during exercise, whereas after exercise, doffing jacket and taking off gloves, boots, and helmet simultaneously were both most effective way to relieve thermal strain quickly.
Why are job stressors relevant for psychiatry?
Authors: Savić Čedo , Belkić Karen 
Published: December 2014

SummaryWork-related mental health disorders are a major public health problem. Consequently, psychiatrists encounter many patients whose clinical state is profoundly affected by work conditions. Psychiatrists therefore, need training in occupational/stress medicine. This would help integrate health services for these patients, aimed at preservation of work fitness and mental health.
Alarma!
Authors: Cervantes Susana Vargas 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In this essay, I analyze representative photographs of mujercitos' posing for Alarma!, contextualizing them through their labor as sex workers within the pigmentocratic system of Mexico. I read their gender performance as reflecting their desire to access class privilege, which in Mexico is inseparable from skin tonality. I argue that the photographs of mujercitos point to processes of subjectivation different from those outlined in prominent theories of performative gender/sex developed in Anglo North America, specifically the early work of Judith Butler.
Prevalence of a soft-tissue lesion after small head metal-on-metal total hip replacement: 13- to 19-year follow-up study
Authors: Hwang K. T. , Kim Y. H. , Kim Y. S. , Ryu J. A. 
Published: December 2014

We investigated the incidence of soft-tissue lesions after small head metal-on-metal total hip replacement (MoM THR). Between December 1993 and May 1999, 149 patients (195 hips) underwent primary cementless MoM THR. During the follow-up period, three patients (five THRs) died and eight patients (14 THRs) were lost to follow-up. We requested that all patients undergo CT evaluation. After exclusion of five patients (six THRs) who had undergone a revision procedure, and 22 (28 THRs) who were unwilling to take part in this study, 111 patients (142 THRs) were evaluated. There were 63 men (88 THRs) and 48 women (54 THRs) with a mean age of 45.7 years (37 to 56) at the time of surgery. The mean follow-up was 15.4 years (13 to 19). A soft-tissue lesion was defined as an abnormal peri-prosthetic collection of fluid, solid lesion or asymmetrical soft-tissue mass. At final follow-up, soft-tissue lesions were found in relation to 28 THRs (19.7%), including 25 solid and three cystic lesions. They were found in 20 men and eight women; 26 lesions were asymptomatic and two were symptomatic. The mean maximal diameter of the soft-tissue lesion was 42.3 mm (17 to 135). The relatively high rate of soft-tissue lesions observed with small head MoM THR remains a concern. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:1594–9.
The shape of the distal femur
Authors: Monk A. P. , Choji K. , O’Connor J. J. , Goodfellow† J. W. , Murray D. W. 
Published: December 2014

We scanned 25 left knees in healthy human subjects using MRI. Multiplanar reconstruction software was used to take measurements of the inferior and posterior facets of the femoral condyles and the trochlea. A ‘basic circle’ can be defined which, in the sagittal plane, fits the posterior and inferior facets of the lateral condyle, the posterior facet of the medial condyle and the floor of the groove of the trochlea. It also approximately fits both condyles in the coronal plane (inferior facets) and the axial plane (posterior facets). The circle fitting the inferior facet of the medial condyle in the sagittal plane was consistently 35% larger than the other circles and was termed the ‘medial inferior circle’. There were strong correlations between the radii of the circles, the relative positions of the centres of the condyles, the width of the condyles, the total knee width and skeletal measurements including height. There was poor correlation between the radii of the circles and the position of the trochlea relative to the condyles. In summary, the condyles are approximately spherical except for the inferior facet medially, which has a larger radius in the sagittal plane. The size and position of the condyles are consistent and change with the size of the person. However, the position of the trochlea is variable even though its radius is similar to that of the condyles. This information has implications for understanding anterior knee pain and for the design of knee replacements. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:1623–30.
Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Genesis of Mudstones in the Upper Miocene Mustafapaşa Member of the Ürgüp Formation in the Cappadocia Region, Central Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Külah Tacit , Kadir Selahattin , Gürel Ali , Eren Muhsin , Önalgil Nergis 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe Upper Miocene Mustafapas-a member of the Ürgüp Formation in the Cappadocia region consists predominantly of mudstones, sandstone, and conglomerate lenses with ignimbrite and basalt intercalations. The mudstones are an important source of raw materials for the ceramics industry in Turkey. A detailed mineralogical, geochemical, and genesis study of these materials has not been performed previously and the present study aims to fill that gap. The characteristics of mudstones of the Mustafapas-a member were examined using X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and chemical analyses. Weathering products of ophiolitic and pyroclastic rocks were transported into the tectonically subsided zone where they accumulated as fluvial and lacustrine deposits.Weathering in the mudstones is evidenced by smectite flakes associated with relict pyroxene, rod-like amphibole, feldspar, and volcanic glass. The chemical composition of mudstones and their distribution suggest that the depositional basin was supplied with ophiolitic material in the south and ignimbrite material in the north. This interpretation is based on an increase in the quantity of feldspar and opal-A and a decrease in the Fe2O3+MgO/Al2O3+SiO2 ratio from south to north in the study area. The northward increases in Light Rare Earth Elements/Heavy Rare Earth Elements, La/Yb, Zr/Ni and Zr/Co ratios and Nb, Ba, Rb, Sr, and Eu in the mudstones of the Mustafapas-a member with positive Eu anomalies suggest that the Fe, Mg, Al, and Si required to form smectite were supplied mainly through the decomposition of amphiboles, pyroxenes, feldspars, and volcanic glass during weathering processes. After the deposition of mudstones, relative increases in evaporation-controlled Ca, K, and Al in pore water favored the partial dissolution of Ca-bearing minerals and smectite flakes and in situ precipitation of calcite and traces of illite fibers under alkaline micro-environmental conditions during early diagenesis.
Mineralogical Characterization of Ni-Bearing Smectites from Niquelândia, Brazil
Authors: Mano Eliana Satiko , Caner Laurent , Petit Sabine , Chaves Arthur Pinto , Mexias André Sampaio 
Published: December 2014

AbstractNickel-lateritic ore is the most common source of nickel in Brazil. The Niquelândia deposit, located in State of Goias, is one of the most famous deposits due to the large amounts of nickel associated with both oxidized and mainly silicated ores. The terms oxidized and silicated ores are used to specify two different ores formed exclusively by oxides and silicate (clay) minerals, respectively. The aim of the present study was to characterize thoroughly the silicated ore to identify the Ni-bearing clay minerals and their crystal chemistry in support of developing a better mineral-processing method or optimizing the current one to improve Ni recoveries. X-ray diffraction, chemical analyses, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy demonstrated that nickel is associated with Ni-rich stevensite and to a lesser extent with Fe-rich montmorillonite. The crystal chemistry performed by FTIR spectroscopy revealed that Ni is present in the octahedral positions, substituting for Mg or Fe, which results in significant chemical and layer-charge heterogeneity in the samples. This heterogeneity seems to be responsible for reduction in Ni recoveries during the hydrometallurgical process.
A Framework for Inclusive Educational Delivery Systems
Authors: McCart Amy B. , Sailor Wayne S. , Bezdek Jamie M. , Satter Allyson L. 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
This article introduces a theoretical framework for an inclusive educational delivery system to increase academic, behavioral, and social outcomes for all students with a variety and range of abilities. The framework is a fully braided delivery system that brings together evidence-based practices for individual school systems and structures, district and state education policy, and family and community engagement. We describe (a) systemic and structural challenges to inclusive education, (b) the framework and its evidence-based features, and (c) a technical assistance resource that builds educational agency capacity to independently implement and sustain inclusive educational delivery systems in their communities.
Reframing Teacher Education: Preparing Teachers for Inclusive Education
Authors: Kurth Jennifer , Foley Jean Ann 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
Inclusive education is increasingly common in K-12 schools, yet teacher preparation for inclusive education has been lagging. In the present study, interviews of teacher candidates, mentor teachers, university faculty, and fieldwork supervisors were completed to determine experiences of, and preparation for, inclusive education. Results indicate that teacher candidates received very mixed, and often contradictory, messages about inclusive education in their coursework and fieldwork experiences. Recommendations for building capacity for inclusive fieldwork and inclusive teacher preparation are proposed. Further, the need for teacher educators to reframe teacher preparation, from the traditional model of preparing teachers for largely segregated roles to providing the skills and techniques necessary for working and succeeding in inclusive settings, is discussed.
Synthesis and antimicrobial assessment of new substituted 10H-phenothiazines, their sulfone derivatives, and ribofuranosides
Authors: Gautam Naveen , Garg Ankita , Lal Thandi , Gautam Dinesh Chand , Joshi Jyoti 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A series of new 10H-phenothiazines, their sulfones, and ribofuranosides were synthesized and their in vitro antimicrobial assessment was carried out against a representative panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and selected fungi species. The 10H-phenothiazines were prepared using Smiles rearrangement. The sulfone derivatives were synthesized by oxidation of 10H-phenothiazines using 30% hydrogen peroxide in glacial acetic acid. The ribofuranosides were prepared by treatment of the phenothiazines with β-d-ribofuranosyl-1-acetate-2,3,5-tribenzoate.