bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epistemic Cognition Triangulated: What Can We Learn about the Theory of Epistemic Beliefs in History from Reassessment of Its Measurement
Authors: Ripka Vojtech , Sýkorová Pavla , Münich Jiří , Chvojka Edita 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe authors delve into the potential of the theory of epistemic beliefs in history education. While the theory’s conceptual language and perspective are helpful, the primary corresponding measurement tool fails to distinguish between general and situational epistemic beliefs. Drawing on their evaluation of a large-scale history education intervention in Czechia, the authors discuss the ontological and epistemic issues related to the theory’s understanding and measuring of epistemic beliefs and present and enhancement of the theory of epistemic beliefs building on the existing probes into the phenomenon of epistemic wobbling.
The Meaning of Multi-Ethnic Classroom Contexts in Light of History Teachers’ Differing Epistemic Expressions
Authors: Lundberg Simon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBy interviewing 15 teachers with experience of teaching history in multi-ethnic classrooms and utilising the concept of “objectivistic” and “critical” epistemic expressions, Lundberg explores teachers’ perceptions of a multi-ethnic context’s meaning for their history teaching. A close analysis of four upper-secondary teachers shows relatively clear epistemic expressions in their description of their context-bound teaching. The analytical framework regards the teachers’ expressions about the relationship between the past and the history of the past. Lundberg argues that despite teachers’ expressed similarities in teaching intentions regardless of epistemic position, these similarities should not be overstated since various teaching intentions, such as developed tolerance and analytical skills, are filtered through differing epistemic lenses. One conclusion is that the process of “epistemic filtering” causes conceptually similar teaching intentions—by some teachers underlined as of particular importance in a multi-ethnic context—to hold differing meanings with differing functional potentials.
Modular flow in JT gravity and entanglement wedge reconstruction
Authors: Gao Ping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
It has been shown in recent works that JT gravity with matter with two boundaries has a type II∞ algebra on each side. As the bulk spacetime between the two boundaries fluctuates in quantum nature, we can only define the entanglement wedge for each side in a pure algebraic sense. As we take the semiclassical limit, we will have a fixed long wormhole spacetime for a generic partially entangled thermal state (PETS), which is prepared by inserting heavy operators on the Euclidean path integral. Under this limit, with appropriate assumptions of the matter theory, geometric notions of the causal wedge and entanglement wedge emerge in this background. In particular, the causal wedge is manifestly nested in the entanglement wedge. Different PETS are orthogonal to each other, and thus the Hilbert space has a direct sum structure over sub-Hilbert spaces labeled by different Euclidean geometries. The full algebra for both sides is decomposed accordingly. From the algebra viewpoint, the causal wedge is dual to an emergent type III1 subalgebra, which is generated by boundary light operators. To reconstruct the entanglement wedge, we consider the modular flow in a generic PETS for each boundary. We show that the modular flow acts locally and is the boost transformation around the global RT surface in the semiclassical limit. It follows that we can extend the causal wedge algebra to a larger type III1 algebra corresponding to the entanglement wedge. Within each sub-Hilbert space, the original type II∞ reduces to type III1.
The resurgence of the plateau in supersymmetric $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1 Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity
Authors: Griguolo Luca , Papalini Jacopo , Russo Lorenzo , Seminara Domenico 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Significant progresses have been made recently in understanding the spectral form factor of Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity, particularly at late times where non-perturbative effects are expected to play a dominant role. By focusing on a peculiar regime of large time and fixed temperature, called τ-scaling limit, it was found that it is possible to analytically investigate the late-time plateau directly through the gravitational genus expansion. We extend this analysis to the supersymmetric $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 generalization of the bosonic theory, revealing an interesting structure. First, we notice that in the τ-scaling limit the perturbative sum over genera truncates after a single term, which solely accounts for the ramp behaviour. Instead a non-perturbative completion, responsible for the plateau, is encoded into an exact formula coming from the properties of the chiral gaussian ensemble, governing the spectral properties of the supersymmetric theory. We are able to recover the non-perturbative contributions by slightly deforming the genus of the involved surfaces and using resurgence theory. We derive a closed-form analytical expression for the late-time plateau and a trans-series expansion that captures the ramp-plateau transition.
Co-existence of ANCA–associated vasculitides with immune-mediated diseases: a single-center observational study
Authors: Masiak Anna , Jassem Ewa , Dębska-Ślizień Alicja , Bułło-Piontecka Barbara , Kowalska Bożena , Chmielewski Michał 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides (AAV) is a group of systemic necrotizing small vessel autoimmune diseases, with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) being the two most common. The co-existence of AAV with different immune-mediated diseases (autoimmune disesases - AID) might affect the clinical presentation of the primary disease. The purpose of the study was to assess the co-existence of AAV with AID and to investigate whether it affects the characteristics and the course of AAV.

Methods
A retrospective single-center study was performed to identify patients with a diagnosis of MPA or GPA and concomitant AID, and to investigate their clinical features and characteristics. The group consisted of consecutive unselected AAV patients treated at a large university-based hospital, since 1988 with follow-up until 2022.

Results
Among 284 patients diagnosed either with GPA (232) or MPA (52), 40 (14,1%) had co-existing AIDs. The most frequent were: Hashimoto thyroiditis (16 cases), rheumatoid arthritis (8 cases), followed by psoriasis (6 cases), pernicious anemia (3 cases), and alopecia (3 cases). Patients with autoimmune comorbidities had a significantly longer time between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis (26 vs. 11 months, p < 0.001). Laryngeal involvement (20.0% vs. 9.0%, p = 0,05), peripheral nervous system disorders (35.0% vs. 13.9%, p < 0.001), and neoplasms (20.0% vs. 8.6%, p = 0,044) were more common in patients with AID comorbidities, compared to subjects without AID. In contrast, renal involvement (45.0% vs. 70.9%, p = 0.001) and nodular lung lesions (27.5% vs. 47.5%, p = 0.044) were significantly less frequent in patients with co-morbidities. Following EUVAS criteria, patients with autoimmune co-morbidities had a generalized form of the disease without organ involvement (52.5% vs. 27.2%, p = 0.007), while the others had a higher percentage of generalized form with organ involvement (38.3% vs. 20.0%, p = 0.007).

Conclusions
The coexistence of AAV with different autoimmune diseases is not common, but it might affect the clinical course of the disease. Polyautoimmunity prolonged the time to diagnosis, but the AAV course seemed to be milder. Particular attention should be paid to the increased risk of cancer in these patients. It also seems reasonable that AAV patients should receive a serological screening to exclude the development of overlapping diseases.
Tuning of power factor in bismuth selenide through Sn/Te co doping for low temperature thermoelectric applications
Authors: Hegde Ganesh Shridhar , Prabhu Ashwatha Narayana , Nayak Ramakrishna , Yang C. F. , Kuo Y. K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe physical parameters of solid-state produced tin and tellurium co-doped bismuth selenide polycrystalline crystals were described. Powder X-ray diffraction revealed the hexagonal structure in the samples’ phase domination. A field emission scanning electron microscope was used to analyze the surface microstructure. Thermoelectric properties such as Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistivity, and thermal conductivity were analyzed in the temperature range 10–350 K. The electrical resistivity of (Bi0.96Sn0.04)2Se2.7Te0.3was found to be four times lower than that of pure Bi2Se3. Due to donor-like effects and antisite defects, the Seebeck coefficient demonstrates ap-ton-type semiconducting transition. When compared to pure Bi2Se3, power factor and thermoelectric figure of merit of (Bi0.96Sn0.04)2Se2.7Te0.3is found to increase by 15 and 9 times respectively. Tellurium excess boosts tin vacancies, promoting thepton-type transition in (Bi0.96Sn0.04)2Se2.7Te0.3, making it a good option for low temperature thermoelectric and sensor applications.
Surgical options of chiasmatic hypothalamic glioma—a relevant part of therapy in an interdisciplinary approach for tumor control
Authors: Karbe Anna-Gila , Gorodezki David , Schulz Matthias , Tietze Anna , Gruen Arne , Driever Pablo Hernáiz , Schuhmann Martin U. , Thomale Ulrich-Wilhelm 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
The extent of resection of pediatric low-grade glioma mostly improves progression-free survival. In chiasmatic hypothalamic glioma (CHG), complete resections are limited due to the relevantly high risk of associated neurological and endocrinological deficits. Still, surgery might have its role in the framework of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach. We report our retrospective experience from two centers on surgical options and their impact on long-term outcomes.

Methods
Medical records of surgically treated pediatric CHG patients between 2004 and 2022 were analyzed. Patient characteristics, surgical interventions, histology, and non-surgical therapy were retrieved together with outcome measures such as visual acuity, endocrine function, and survival.

Results
A total of 63 patients (33 female, NF-1, n = 8) were included. Age at first diagnosis was 4.6 years (range 0.2–16.9) and cohort follow-up was 108 ± 72 months. Twenty patients were surgically treated with a biopsy and 43 patients with debulking at a median age of 6.5 years (range 0.16–16.9). Patients received a median of 2 tumor surgeries (range 1–5). Cyst drainage was accomplished in 15 patients, and 27 patients had ventriculoperitoneal shunt implantation. Non-surgical therapy was given in 69.8%. At the end of follow-up, 74.6% of patients had stable disease. The cohort had a median Karnofsky score of 90 (range 0–100). Four patients died. Hormone substitution was necessary in 30.2%, and visual acuity was impaired in 66% of patients.

Conclusion
Pediatric CHG is a chronic disease due to overall high survival with multiple progressions. Surgical therapy remains a key treatment option offering biopsy, limited tumor-debulking, cyst fenestration, and hydrocephalus management in the framework of MDT decision-making. Team experience contributes to reducing possible deficits in this challenging cohort.
The influence of race duration on oxygen demand, uptake and deficit in competitive cross-country skiers
Authors: Gløersen Øyvind , Viken Ånung , Lund-Hansen Magne , Losnegard Thomas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To measure oxygen demand, uptake, and deficits in competitive cross-country skiers during outdoor roller skiing at different competition durations, ranging from the endurance domain to the sprint domain.

Methods
Ten competitive cross-country skiers (6 males; $$\dot{\text{V}}$$

V
˙

O2max 78 ± 3 and 4 females; $$\dot{\text{V}}$$

V
˙

O2max 62 ± 3 mL∙kg−1∙min−1) raced time trials consisting of 1, 2, and 4 laps in a 1.6 km racecourse in a randomized order with 35 min recovery in-between. Oxygen uptake was measured using a wearable metabolic system while oxygen demand was estimated from kinematic data (GPS and IMU) and an athlete-specific model of skiing economy. Skiing economy and $$\dot{\text{V}}$$

V
˙

O2max was established on a separate test day using six submaximal constant-load trials at different speeds and inclines, and one maximal-effort trial on a roller-skiing treadmill.

Results
Average oxygen demand was 112 ± 8%, 103 ± 7% and 98 ± 7% of $$\dot{\text{V}}$$

V
˙

O2max during the 1 (3:37 ± 0:20 m:ss), 2 (7:36 ± 0:38 m:ss) and 4 (15:43 ± 1:26 m:ss) lap time trials, respectively, and appeared to follow an inverse relationship with time-trial duration. Average oxygen uptake was unaffected by race length (86 ± 5%, 86 ± 5%, and 86 ± 7% of $$\dot{\text{V}}$$

V
˙

O2max, respectively). Accumulated oxygen deficit at the end of each time trial was 85 ± 13, 106 ± 32 and 158 ± 62 mL∙kg−1, while oxygen deficits per work bout was 23 ± 3, 18 ± 3 and 16 ± 3 mL∙kg−1 for the 1, 2, and 4-lap time trials, respectively.

Conclusion
Elite cross-country skiers adjust their pacing strategies from attaining relatively small oxygen deficits per work bout in the endurance domain, to larger deficits in the sprint domain. This indicates a shift in strategy from prioritizing stable work-economy and rate-of-recovery in the endurance domain, to maximizing power output in the sprint domain.
White matter organisation of sensorimotor tracts is associated with motor imagery in childhood
Authors: Mukherjee Mugdha , Hyde Christian , Barhoun Pamela , Bianco Kaila M , Singh Mervyn , Waugh Jessica , Silk Timothy J , Lum Jarrad AG , Caeyenberghs Karen , Williams Jacqueline , Enticott Peter G , Fuelscher Ian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite the important role of motor imagery (MI) in motor development, our understanding of the contribution of white matter fibre properties to MI performance in childhood remains limited. To provide novel insight into the white matter correlates of MI performance, this study examined the association between white matter fibre properties and motor imagery performance in a sample of typically developing children. High angular diffusion weighted imaging data were collected from 22 typically developing children aged 6–14 years (12 female, MAge= 10.56). Implicit motor imagery performance was assessed using a mental hand rotation paradigm. The cerebellar peduncles and the superior longitudinal fasciculus were reconstructed using TractSeg, a semi-automated method. For each tract, white matter microstructure (fibre density, FD) and morphology (fibre bundle cross-section, FC) were estimated using Fixel-Based Analysis. Permutation-based inference testing and partial correlation analyses demonstrated that higher FC in the middle cerebellar peduncles was associated with better MI performance. Tract-based region of interest analyses showed that higher FC in the middle and superior cerebellar peduncles were associated with better MI performance. Results suggest that white matter connectivity along the cerebellar peduncles may facilitate MI performance in childhood. These findings advance our understanding of the neurobiological systems that underlie MI performance in childhood and provide early evidence for the relevance of white matter sensorimotor pathways to internal action representations.
Biochemically induced diagenesis of Jurassic micrite: evidence from phase analysis, carbon, oxygen, and strontium isotopes (Franconian Alb, Germany)
Authors: Blendinger Wolfgang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The marine Upper Jurassic rocks of the Franconian Alb consist largely of micritic carbonate of partly dolomitized reef mounds and bedded basinal limestone. All carbonates were lithified in the shallow (centimeters, meters) subsurface and have a wide range of ∂13C (≤ + 3‰ to − 10‰VPDB) but always negative ∂18O (− 1 to − 6‰VPDB). Dolomite and reef limestone show the highest ∂18O and ∂13C values. The most negative ∂13C (≥ − 10‰) occurs mainly as cement in dolomite of a basinal, partly dolomitic, biostrome interval. Basinal limestone shows intermediate ∂13C values. Because freshwater diagenesis and elevated temperatures cannot explain the observed isotope values, pH is here considered a major factor influencing the isotope signal of micritic limestone. The bulk sediment isotope signal was reset to lower values, from an original lime mud with ∂13C ≥ 3‰ and a ∂18O of ≥  + 1‰, as a result of biochemically induced diagenesis. Carbonate, probably mostly aragonite but occasionally including dolomite, was dissolved in a zone where low pH developed as a result of organic matter degradation. Dissolved carbonate was translocated by diffusion and re-precipitated as cement (ca. 50vol%) in a zone with elevated pH where all in situ lime mud ∂18O was reset. Imported cement carbonate precipitated in equilibrium with the pore fluid with negative isotope values, whereas ∂13C of the in situ lime mud remained unmodified. The negative shift of the bulk ∂13C and ∂18O is variable and depends on pH and the contribution of 12C from anaerobic sulfate reduction in the zone of cement precipitation. This produced an ubiquitous covariance of ∂18O and ∂13C. Incorporation of seawater-derived Mg2+ during recrystallization of carbonate can account for the local dolomitization. Elevated 87Sr/86Sr ratios are explained as a result of interaction of clay minerals with the stationary pore fluids. This study shows that the isotopic signal produced by biochemically induced shallow submarine subsurface carbonate diagenesis can be indistinguishable from freshwater diagenesis, that ∂18O and ∂13C of the bulk rock are always reset, and that carbonates can show, in the presence of clay minerals, elevated 87Sr/86Sr ratios even when the pore fluids were never exchanged.

Graphical Abstract
Managing Seismic Risk Associated to Development Blasting Using Random Forests Predictive Models Based on Geologic and Structural Rockmass Properties
Authors: Goulet A. , Grenon M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs mining activities are expected to develop at greater depths, seismic responses to the blasting of development drift segments are expected to increase and present a greater hazard. A database of 379 development blasts was created for a mining site, recording seismic responses related to these blasts and rock mass structural and geologic properties associated with the drift segment. A random forest, multivariate statistical predictive model was developed with 75% of the drift segments. The model's performance was validated by analyzing 100 drift segments that were not used to create the model. The improved understanding of the variation in the intensity of seismic responses to development blasting through the sum of the seismic moment of the events is a clear benefit of random forest model development for the case study. In addition, the development of the predictive random forest model provides a tool for decision-makers to select performance criteria thresholds that they deem acceptable. The threshold selected would depend on the risk appetite of the decision-makers. The proposed approach provides quantitative data on the distribution of seismic hazards associated with development blasting which managers can rely on. Combining the proposed approach with current seismic protocols used at different mine sites could improve our management of seismic risk associated with development blasting. Using the predictive model for the sector and period studied has shown a potential to increase the accuracy, sensitivity, and precision for anticipating a high-intensity seismic response to a development blast.
Differential diagnosis of Huntington’s disease− neurological aspects of NKX2-1-related disorders
Authors: Skwara Julia , Nowicki Maciej , Sharif Lucia , Milanowski Łukasz , Dulski Jarosław , Elert-Dobkowska Ewelina , Skrzypek Katarzyna , Hoffman-Zacharska Dorota , Koziorowski Dariusz , Sławek Jarosław 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBenign hereditary chorea (BHC) is an inherited neurological disorder consisting of childhood-onset, nonprogressive chorea, generally without any other manifestations. In most reported cases, the inheritance of BHC is autosomal dominant but both incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity are observed and can be caused by NKX2-1 mutations. The spectrum contains choreoathetosis, congenital hypothyroidism, and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. The neurological symptoms can be misdiagnosed as Huntington’s disease (HD). The two Polish families were diagnosed with NKX2-1 gene mutations and a literature review concerning the NKX2-1-related disorders was conducted. All family members were examined by experienced movement disorders specialists. PubMed database was searched to obtain previously described NKX2-1 cases. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in one proband (Family A) and direct NKX2-1 sequencing in the second (Family B). Two Polish families were diagnosed with NKX2-1 gene mutations (p.Trp208Leu and p.Cys117Alafs*8). In one family, the co-occurrence of HD was reported. Forty-nine publications were included in the literature review and symptoms of 195 patients with confirmed NKX2-1 mutation were analyzed. The most common symptoms were chorea and choreiform movements, and delayed motor milestones. The NKX2-1 mutation should always be considered as a potential diagnosis in families with chorea, even with a family history of HD. Lack of chorea does not exclude the NKX2-1-related disorders.
Hilft Humor? Eine Studie zum Einsatz von Humor bei Ärzten und in Rettungsberufen
Authors: Rapp Alexander M. , Wuttig Katharina 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Humor im notfallmedizinischen Kontext ist nicht unproblematisch, hat aber in früheren Studien protektive Effekte in Bezug auf sekundäre Traumatisierung durch Einsätze gezeigt. Ziel dieser qualitativen Studie ist es darzustellen, wie häufig und in welchem Kontext Humor von Rettungsdienstmitarbeitenden und Ärzten eingesetzt wird und welche subjektive Bedeutung ihm beigemessen wird.

Methodik
Anonyme Befragung von n = 160 Ärzten sowie n = 100 Mitarbeitern aus Rettungsberufen. Erfassung der subjektiven emotionalen Belastung sowie der sekundären Traumatisierung (mittels PTSS-10). Fragenkatalog zur Verwendung und subjektiven Bedeutung von Humor. Korrelative Darstellung mit verschiedenen Humordimensionen und der Coping Humor Scale.

Ergebnisse
Die überwiegende Mehrheit der Befragten akzeptiert Humor als hilfreich und misst ihm eine „hohe“ oder „sehr hohe“ Bedeutung bei. Rote Linien für Humor werden bei Witzen über Kinder und Verstorbene gezogen. Auch schwarzer Humor weist jedoch hohe Akzeptanzwerte in der Stichprobe auf. Rund 80 % der Stichprobe bejahen, dass es einen „speziellen Humor gibt, den nur medizinisches Fachpersonal teilt“. „Coping humor“ und schwarzer Humor werden gegenüber Erzählen von Witzen deutlich vorgezogen. Bei mehr als 25 % der Stichprobe zeigt sich eine sekundäre Traumatisierung, die mit Stress und der Akzeptanz von schwarzem Humor korreliert.

Diskussion
Notfallberufe bewerten Humor durchgehend als die Resilienz steigernd, einschließlich schwarzen Humors. Dies hat Implikationen für Supervisions- und Trainingskontexte, für die bislang nur wenige Leitlinien zum Umgang mit Humor definiert wurden. Mögliche Effekte sind die Reduktion von Ängsten und die Stärkung des Gruppengefühls. Im medizinethischen Kontext wurde das Thema Humor bislang kaum behandelt.

Graphic abstract