bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Private sector business interactions with bereaved people: UK Commission on Bereavement secondary analysis
Authors: Crooks Jodie , Warren Rachel , Hudson Briony 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesEvidence suggests that 61% of adults who were bereaved in the past 5 years had difficulties with at least one practical or administrative task following bereavement. We aimed to explore individual’s experiences of interacting with private sector businesses following a bereavement.MethodsQualitative secondary analysis of data collected via an online survey within the UK Commission on Bereavement. Data from 1133 survey respondents was extracted verbatim, and thematic analysis was carried out. Participants were adults who had experienced a bereavement within the past 5 years and lived in the UK. They were eligible to take part in the survey.ResultsThree core themes were developed: (1) needs of bereaved people outside of ‘business as usual’, (2) admin burden while grieving and (3) the impact and experience of organisational failures. The results of this secondary analysis outline that bereaved individuals often struggle with several points of interaction with private businesses, including facing resistance when making initial contact, insensitive or non-empathetic interactions, facing unrealistic timelines for administrative tasks that are not then returned by the business, and difficulty understanding and completing paperwork. Participants emphasised the difficulty in navigating this while in the initial period following a bereavement.ConclusionsPeople experiencing a bereavement experience a high degree of mental load and emotional burden linked with interacting with private businesses following a bereavement. Given that this forms only one element of a person’s whole bereavement experience, it is important that changes to policy and practice are made to allow a simple, positive experience for bereaved customers.
Palliative care screening tools and patient outcomes: a systematic review
Authors: Zhang Meiying , Zhao Yuxia , Peng Mengyun 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundPalliative care (PC) refers to providing patients with physical, psychological, mental, and other care and humanistic care services in a multidisciplinary collaborative mode with end-of-stage patients and family members as the centre. The PC screening tool (PCST) was developed to identify individuals who may benefit from PC services and is widely assumed to improve patient outcomes.ObjectivesThe purpose is to understand which specific PCST has been applied to clinical patients and to analyse and summarise the impact of using these tools on patient outcomes.MethodsA systematic review of articles published on PCST was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and MEDLINE in January 2024. All original research articles on PCST fulfilling the following eligibility criteria were included (1) utilisation and evaluation of tools was the primary objective and (2) at least one patient outcome was reported.ResultsA total of 22 studies were included, 12 studies used a prospective study, 4 studies used a non-RCT and 6 studies used an RCT. The studies were heterogeneous regarding study characteristics, especially patient outcomes. In total, 24 different patient outcomes were measured, of which 16 outcomes measured in 12 studies significantly improved.ConclusionsWe found that the majority of included studies reported that implementing PCST can improve patient outcomes to some extent, especially when used to improve in reducing hospitalisation time and patient readmission rate. However, there is a lack of high-quality research on this widely used screening tool.
Hubble tension and cosmological imprints of $$U(1)_X$$ gauge symmetry: $$U(1)_{B_3-3 L_i}$$ as a case study
Authors: Ghosh Dilip Kumar , Ghosh Purusottam , Jeesun Sk , Srivastava Rahul 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe current upper limit on $$N_\textrm{eff}$$

N
eff

at the time of CMB by Planck 2018 can place stringent constraints in the parameter space of BSM paradigms where their additional interactions may affect neutrino decoupling. Motivated by this fact in this paper we explore the consequences of light gauge boson ($$Z'$$

Z
′

) emerging from local $$U(1)_X$$

U

(
1
)

X

symmetry in $$N_\textrm{eff}$$

N
eff

at the time of CMB. First, we analyze the generic $$U(1)_X$$

U

(
1
)

X

models with arbitrary charge assignments for the SM fermions and show that, in the context of $$N_\textrm{eff}$$

N
eff

the generic $$U(1)_X$$

U

(
1
)

X

gauged models can be broadly classified into two categories, depending on the charge assignments of first generation leptons. We then perform a detailed analysis with two specific $$U(1)_X$$

U

(
1
)

X

models: $$U(1)_{B_3-3L_e}$$

U

(
1
)

B
3

-
3

L
e

and $$U(1)_{B_3-3L_\mu }$$

U

(
1
)

B
3

-
3

L
μ

and explore the contribution in $$N_\textrm{eff}$$

N
eff

due to the presence of $$Z'$$

Z
′

realized in those models. For comparison, we also showcase the constraints from low energy experiments like: Borexino, Xenon 1T, neutrino trident, etc. We show that in a specific parameter space, particularly in the low mass region of $$Z'$$

Z
′

, the bound from $$N_\textrm{eff}$$

N
eff

(Planck 2018) is more stringent than the experimental constraints. Additionally, a part of the regions of the same parameter space may also relax the $$H_0$$

H
0

tension.
Inpatient Growth in Infants Requiring Pharmacologic Treatment for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome
Authors: Siddappa Ashajyothi M. , Morris Erin , Evans Michael D. , Pelinka Sarah , Adkisson Constance 
Published: August 2024

Aim: To assess inpatient growth parameter trajectories and to identify the type of opioid exposure and treatment characteristics influencing growth parameters of infants admitted to the newborn intensive care unit (NICU) for pharmacological treatment of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS).Methods: Charts of term infants with NOWS admitted to NICU from 2012 to 2019, who received pharmacologic treatment, were reviewed. Intake (volume: mL/kg/day; calorie: kcal/kg/day) and growth parameter trajectories (weight, head circumference, and length) were analyzed based on the type of prenatal opioid exposure (short‐acting opioids (SAOs), long‐acting opioids (LAOs), and polysubstance), pharmacologic treatment, and sex. Growth measurement patterns over time were compared between groups using longitudinal mixed‐effects models.Results: One hundred nineteen infants were included in the study with median birth weight Z‐score of −0.19 at birth and decreased to a median of −0.72 at discharge. Exposure to SAO was associated with an increase in Z‐scores nearing discharge across all growth parameters (Z‐score for weight p = 0.03). Polysubstance exposure was associated with a decrease in Z‐scores for length and head circumference throughout hospitalization. Infants with adjunct clonidine treatment had an increase in Z‐score for weight trends. Male infants had a decrease in Z‐scores for weight (male −0.96, female −0.59, interaction p = 0.06) and length (male −1.17, female −0.57, interaction p = 0.003) at Day 28. Despite the difference in growth trajectories, intake in terms of amount (mL/kg/day) and calorie intake (kcal/kg/day) was similar based on prenatal exposure, treatment, and sex.Conclusion: Infants with NOWS requiring pharmacologic treatment have a decrease in Z‐scores for weight, length, and head circumference at birth and at hospital discharge. Infants with prenatal polysubstance exposure were at particular risk for poorer inpatient growth relative to infants exposed to SAO and LAO, indicated by lower Z‐scores for length and occipital frontal circumference (OFC).
Frequency of Functional Constipation in Lebanese Children: A Cross‐Sectional Study Based on Parental Reporting
Authors: Tannoury Theresia , Assy Jana , Yazbeck Nadine 
Published: August 2024

Aim: To determine the frequency and possible associated dietary and environmental factors of functional constipation (FC) among children in Lebanon followed at a single pediatric health system.Method: A prospective cross‐sectional study was conducted in all pediatrics clinics at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC). Children aged 2–7 years presenting for a well‐child visit were recruited. Data relating to the child’s bowel habits and other history items were obtained from parental questionnaires.Results: The mean age of the 172 recruited participants was 4.94 years with 56.4% being males. FC was present in 32.6% of the participants. Although there was no difference in the frequency of FC based on age and gender, the peak frequency of FC was at 5 years. The daily frequency of withholding stools was 64.3%, and 46.6% of the children with FC always experienced straining while stooling for the past 2 months. Decreased physical activity and diet were not significantly associated with FC.Conclusion: The present study shows that 32.6% of children aged 2–7 years in Lebanon suffer from constipation while only 51.7% of the recruited children’s physicians inquire about the child’s bowel movement during the well check visit. These numbers highlight the need to raise more awareness among pediatricians on the need to screen for constipation during clinic visits as a standard of care practice.
Engagement Strategies and Academic Performance of the Learners in Online Distance Learning, Zone 3, Division of Zambales
Authors: Evangelista Gladys D. , Sepillo Geoffrey S. 
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to determine the learner engagement strategies and academic performance in online distance learning, Zone 3, Division of Zambales. A descriptive-correlational research design and quantitative analysis were employed in the study. The learner engagement strategies of intermediate learners in online distance learning were described and the academic performance tested its relationship. Findings revealed that learners are female, early adolescents, have smartphones, and are connected to the internet via WIFI broadband. The learners are highly engaged in the learner engagement strategies in online distance learning as learner-to-learner, learner- to- teachers and learner-to-content strategies in online distance learning. The learners obtained an outstanding academic performance. There is a significant difference in the learner engagement strategies in online distance learning as to learner-to-learner, learner- to- teachers and learner-to-content strategies in online distance learning when grouped according to the profile of the respondents in terms of age. There is a negligible relationship on the academic performance and learner engagement strategies of the learners. The proposed dissemination plan was developed based on the results of learner-to-learner, learner-to-teacher, and learner-to-content engagement strategies. The researcher recommends the following based on the findings that the teacher may still provide learning materials to be available to the learners. The teachers may encourage the learners to participate in the forum actively created so that they may ask questions about the lesson. The participation of the learners in virtual meetings during discussions is highly encouraged.
Benefits, Challenges, and Practices on the Utilization of Digital Platform among Secondary School Teachers in A Division
Authors: Mauricio-Garcia Sheila Marie 
Published: August 2024

The utilization of digital platforms in education has become increasingly prevalent, particularly among secondary school teachers. This study aims to explore the benefits, challenges, and practices associated with the incorporation of digital platforms in the teaching methods of secondary school teachers within a specific division. Teachers experience enhanced engagement and interaction within their classrooms, resulting in improved student participation and comprehension. Moreover, digital platforms offer flexibility in delivering instructional materials, accommodating diverse learning styles and paces. However, alongside these benefits, teachers encounter notable challenges. Technical barriers, such as limited access to devices and internet connectivity, hinder the seamless integration of digital platforms. Privacy and security concerns, coupled with the need for digital literacy skills, further complicate the adoption process. Moreover, the transformation of traditional teaching methods to suit digital platforms necessitates time and effort. In this context, various practices emerge among secondary school teachers. Effective integration of digital platforms requires strategic planning, encompassing content creation, delivery modes, and assessment methods. Collaborative approaches, where teachers share experiences and resources, mitigate challenges, and foster professional growth. Furthermore, adapting to students' digital fluency, tailoring content for different subjects, and harnessing interactive features prove crucial to successful implementation. By examining the benefits, challenges, and practices related to digital platform utilization, this study contributes insights that can inform educational policies, professional development programs, and instructional strategies. The findings underscore the importance of acknowledging challenges while harnessing the opportunities digital platforms offer to enhance the teaching and learning experience in secondary education.
Behavioural assay of a newly identified lepidopteran, Pexicopia tungabhadrai (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) along with a first report of larval diapause
Authors: Rakhesh S. , Udikeri S.S. , Mahantesh S.T. , Mahamed Ashiq I. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study examined the ovipositional and olfactory preferences of gravid pod moths in both choice and non-choice settings. In terms of olfactory preferences, pod moth neonates strongly preferred Abutilon indicum under choice conditions, showing nil interest in other hosts. Under non-choice conditions, both neonates and final-instar larvae thrived on A. indicum but refrained from feeding on other hosts or diets, leading to neonate mortality. Remarkably, neonates exhibited an absolute preference for A. indicum seeds, being unable to feed on Abutilon seed diets or green cotton bolls, resulting in starvation-induced mortality. A majority of the final-instar larvae successfully fed, entered pupation and completed their life cycle on A. indicum seeds but the majority entered diapause when exposed to other hosts or diets as compared to A. indicum at a temperature of 21°C, a relative humidity of 60% and a photoperiod of 14:10 hours (light:dark). Cage studies confirmed pod moth’s strong preference for A. indicum, allowing for successful larval feeding and adult emergence. However, pod moth failed to establish on cotton green bolls, underscoring their exclusive reliance on A. indicum as a host. These findings illuminate the intricate host preferences and behaviour of pod moth, underscoring the pivotal role of A. indicum in their life cycle, and is helpful for further research to exploit pod moth as an agent for biological control of the weed A. indicum.
State, Local Communities, and Water Management at the Dawn of China’s Imperial Era in the Light of Newly Excavated Documents
Authors: Korolkov Maxim 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As the early Chinese empires conquered the Yangzi Valley, they came to govern people who relied on engineered water-control systems to irrigate their fields and prevent the flooding of their settlements. Recently excavated documents reflect the growth of legislation on water management at the dawn of the imperial era, leading up to the composition of the first statute specially devoted to hydraulic administration during the reign of Emperor Wen. These texts reveal the scope of official involvement in water management. This paper argues that the Qin and Han states relied on local communities for much of the decision-making and labor organization needed for infrastructural maintenance. At the same time, the early Chinese empires pioneered transregional hydraulic projects that made water a vital tool of imperial politics. As a hydraulic actor, the early Chinese empires transformed the lives of their subjects not by making them dependent on state-managed irrigation, but by facilitating migration, providing producers and consumers access to larger markets, encouraging economic intensification, and enhancing the circulation of information, ideas, and lifestyles.
The “Manyi lü” 蠻夷律 (Statutes on the Manyi) in Han Slips from Hujia Caochang and the Household Registration of Regional Ethnic Groups
Authors: Sun Wenbo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the early Western Han, the “Manyi (zhu)lü” 蠻夷(諸)律 (“Various Statutes on the Manyi”) was specifically formulated in order to register Manyi 蠻夷 (Southern Barbarians) living in local counties and marches into households, distribute land, collect household cong-tribute (賨), and conscript Manyi for corvée labor and garrison duty. The term cong referred to a kind of household tax levied by the Qin and Han on Manyi households. The Qin and Han established a relatively systematic and in-depth direct rule over those Manyi who had submitted that consisted of a threefold process of household registration, provincial administration, and Sinicization.
The Southern Man People in Western Han China: Manuscript Evidence from Zoumalou and Hujia Caochang
Authors: Lycas Alexis 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The political importance of the Southern Man peoples (Nan Man 南蠻) and the process of their integration into the Sinitic empire are usually dated back to the Early Medieval period. However, the past thirty years have witnessed numerous excavations of sites containing manuscripts in the Middle Yangtze area, more specifically in Zhangjiashan, Zoumalou, and recently in Hujia caochang. These documents reveal a more complex picture of the Man and attest to their presence and importance as early as the Western Han, and most certainly earlier. The aim of this article is to identify the Man’s place in the sources, and to analyze the range of measures – administrative, fiscal, judicial, social – put in place to control them and/or negotiate their presence. Here, I propose to analyze the dual importance, of the Man, and of their control by the local administration. First, we will review what both medieval history and modern historiography have to say about the Man. We will then look at the potential but still limited contribution of material culture, by mentioning a few burials and insignia attributed to the Man. We will eventually analyze what the Zoumalou and Hujia caochang manuscripts tell us about the practices implemented by the regional administration to manage the problems, real or supposed, posed by the Man.
Vitamin D Deficiency in the Acute Phase of Stroke May Predict Post-stroke Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tan Yongjun , Jing Xiaojun , Wang Jiani , Zhou Li , Wang Yilin , Zhang Hua , Yang Qin 
Published: August 2024

Objective To conduct the association between vitamin D levels in the acute phase of stroke and post-stroke depression (PSD) in stroke patients. Methods Five international databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE(R), Cochrane Library) and one Chinese database (Wanfang Data) were searched for observational studies in any language reporting on PSD and vitamin D levels tested in the acute phase of stroke in stroke patients from inception to May 2024. Data extraction and study quality assessment were conducted by two authors independently. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of data were performed. The meta-analysis was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42023398581). Results We included 7 studies containing 3537 participants in the systematic review and meta-analysis. All studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were conducted in China. Vitamin D levels in the acute phase of stroke were lower in PSD patients compared with non-PSD patients (weighted mean difference = −14.97 nmol/L; 95% confidence interval = −19.54, −10.40). Stroke patients with vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) had an increased risk of PSD compared with stroke patients with vitamin D sufficiency (≥75 nmol/L) (odds ratio = 3.59; 95% confidence interval = 2.05, 6.27). However, the association between vitamin D insufficiency (50-75 nmol/L) and PSD were not statistically significant (odds ratio = 4.15; 95% confidence interval = 0.87, 19.78). Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency in the acute phase of stroke may be a risk factor for PSD.
Flow-mediated dilation facilitates radial artery cannulation in patients undergoing intravenous general anesthesia: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhuo Qian , Zou Xintong , Zheng Yanya , Wang Hongbo , Hu Shuyu , Xiong Juncheng , Wang Liangrong 
Published: August 2024

Background: Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is commonly used as a diagnostic tool to assess endothelial function, and compared with other methods for stimulating radial artery dilation, FMD offers several advantages such as non-invasiveness, ease of execution, minimal equipment requirements, and negligible risk. The study aimed to investigate the effect of FMD in facilitating radial arterial cannulation in the context of intravenous general anesthesia. Methods: Eighty patients undergoing intravenous general anesthesia and requiring radial artery cannulation were randomized 1:1 to the FMD group and control group. Patients in the FMD group received an upper arm occlusion for 5 min after anesthesia induction, and the cuff was placed without inflation for the equivalent duration in the control group. The primary outcome was first-attempt success rate. Secondary outcomes were the diameter and percentage of dilation of radial artery, overall success rate, total number of attempts, cannulation time, and occurrence of procedure-related complications. Results: Intravenous anesthetic agents significantly dilated the radial artery ( p < 0.05), which was further increased by FMD. An increase in both the first-attempt and overall success rate of radial artery cannulation was demonstrated with the use of FMD (67.5% vs 42.5%, p < 0.05). The total number of attempts needed to cannulate the radial artery was reduced in the FMD group as compared with the control group ( p < 0.05), but no differences in cannulation time and procedure-related complications were found between the two groups ( p > 0.05). Conclusions: FMD induced by a 5-min upper arm occlusion may facilitate radial artery cannulation in patients undergoing intravenous general anesthesia.
Real-Life Use of Automated Insulin Delivery in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Fabris Chiara , Kovatchev Boris 
Published: August 2024

Background: The objective of this work is to document performance of automated insulin delivery (AID) during real-life use in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of continuous glucose monitoring and insulin delivery data from 796 individuals with T2D, who transitioned from 1-month predictive low-glucose suspend (PLGS) use to 3-month AID use, in real-life settings. Primary outcome was change of time in range (TIR = 70-180 mg/dL) from PLGS to AID. Secondary outcomes included time above/below range (TAR/TBR) and total daily insulin (TDI). Results: Compared with PLGS, AID increased TIR on average from 63.2% to 72.6%, decreased TAR from 36.2% to 26.8%, and increased TDI from 70.2 to 76.3 U (all P < .001), without significant change to TBR. Glycemic improvements were more pronounced in those with worse glycemic control during PLGS use ( P < .001). Conclusions: Real-life use of AID led to a rapid and sustained improvement of glycemic control in individuals with T2D.