bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A framework for dynamic link prediction in heterogeneous networks
Authors: Aggarwal Charu C. , Xie Yan , Yu Philip S. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractNetwork and linked data have become quite prevalent in recent years because of the ubiquity of the web and social media applications, which are inherently network oriented. Such networks are massive, dynamic, contain a lot of content, and may evolve over time. In this paper, we will study the problem of efficient dynamic link inference in temporal and heterogeneous information networks. The problem of efficiently performing dynamic link inference is extremely challenging in massive and heterogeneous information network because of the challenges associated with the dynamic nature of the network, and the different types of nodes and attributes in it. Both the topology and type information need to be used effectively for the link inference process. We propose an effective two‐level scheme which makes efficient macro‐ and micro‐decisions for combining structure and content in a dynamic and time‐sensitive way. The time‐sensitive nature of the links is leveraged in order to perform effective link prediction. We will also study how to apply the method to the problem of community prediction. We illustrate the effectiveness of our technique over a number of real data sets. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining 2013 DOI: 10.1002/sam.11198
MARBLES: Mining association rules buried in long event sequences
Authors: Cule Boris , Tatti Nikolaj , Goethals Bart 
Published: August 2013

AbstractSequential pattern discovery is a well‐studied field in data mining. Episodes are sequential patterns that describe events that often occur in the vicinity of each other. Episodes can impose restrictions on the order of the events, which makes them a versatile technique for describing complex patterns in the sequence. Most of the research on episodes deals with special cases such as serial and parallel episodes, while discovering general episodes is surprisingly understudied. This is particularly true when it comes to discovering association rules between them.In this paper we propose an algorithm that mines association rules between two general episodes. On top of the traditional definitions of frequency and confidence, we introduce two novel confidence measures for the rules. The major challenge in mining these association rules is pattern explosion. To limit the output, we aim to eliminate all redundant rules. We define the class of closed association rules and show that this class contains all non‐redundant output. To make the algorithm efficient, we use further pruning steps along the way. First of all, we generate only free and closed frequent episodes from which we create candidate rules, we speed up the evaluation of the rules, and then prune the remaining non‐closed rules from the output. Finally, we provide the user with the additional option of using a confidence boost threshold to remove the less informative rules from the output.
New constraints on the chronology, magnitude, and distribution of deformation within the central Andean orocline
Authors: Eichelberger Nathan , McQuarrie Nadine , Ehlers Todd A. , Enkelmann Eva , Barnes Jason B. , Lease Richard O. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractConstructing an accurate kinematic model for crustal thickening in the central Andes is hampered by the inability of 2‐D balanced cross sections to resolve the 3‐D displacement field within the poorly studied orocline core. This study presents new structural and thermochronometer data from the orocline axis in the central Andes that constrains the magnitude and timing of deformation through (1) a balanced cross section quantifying shortening perpendicular to strike, (2) field observations that constrain translational displacements parallel to strike, and (3) thermochronology that brackets the age of exhumation and deformation. Mapping results show that north directed, right‐lateral motion has been accommodated on at least one major strike‐slip fault in the Eastern Cordillera (EC). Shortening perpendicular to fault strike is ~179 km (41%) for the EC and inter‐Andean zone (IA) and ~86 km (39%) for the sub‐Andes (SA). Apatite fission track cooling ages indicate rapid EC/IA exhumation from 46 to 18 Ma and 15 to 0 Ma in the SA. Zircon and apatite (U‐Th)/He ages show that rapid exhumation began 10–5 Ma in the SA. These results are integrated with existing paleomagnetic and GPS rotation data in map view reconstructions to quantify the magnitude of translational faulting related to oroclinal bending. The reconstructions suggest that at least 85 km of north directed translational displacement has been accommodated within the orocline core. Orogen‐parallel displacement and vertical axis rotations have focused crustal thickening at the orocline core and facilitated development of a high‐elevation plateau, suggesting a genetic link between large‐scale oroclines and plateaus.
Intra‐ and interobserver reliability of levator ani muscle biometry and avulsion using three‐dimensional endovaginal ultrasonography
Authors: van Delft K. , Shobeiri S. A. , Thakar R. , Schwertner‐Tiepelmann N. , Sultan A. H. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo test intra‐ and interobserver reliability of assessment of levator ani muscle (LAM) biometry and avulsion using antenatal and postnatal three‐dimensional (3D) endovaginal ultrasonography (EVUS), and to determine levator–urethra gap (LUG) values on EVUS.MethodsPrimigravid women were scanned prior to delivery, early postpartum and 3 months postpartum, with EVUS performed at rest using a standardized protocol. During post‐processing, measurements were taken in the plane of minimal hiatal dimensions by two independent investigators blinded to the clinical information and each other's results. LAM attachment to the pubic bone was assessed at the pubococcygeus and puborectalis levels using a score system: (1) intact; (2) partial avulsion (< 50%); (3) partial avulsion (≥ 50%); and (4) complete avulsion. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and limits of agreement (LOAs) were calculated for each time point, with intraobserver analysis conducted in a random sample of 20 women scanned 3 months following delivery.ResultsOne hundred and sixty‐nine antenatal scans, 83 early postpartum scans and 75 scans at 3 months postpartum were performed. The intra‐ and interobserver ICCs, respectively, were 0.95 and 0.86–0.88 for hiatal area, 0.90 and 0.16–0.74 for hiatal transverse diameter, 0.91 and 0.73–0.80 for hiatal anteroposterior diameter, 0.50 and 0.32–0.52 for LAM thickness at the ‘9 o'clock position’ and 0.55 and 0.33–0.45 for LAM thickness at the ‘3 o'clock position’. Both intra‐ and interobserver analysis revealed acceptable LOAs for hiatal measurements, but the LOAs were wide for thickness measurements. The correlation of LAM avulsion score was excellent on intra‐ and interobserver analysis. Antenatal mean ± SD LUGs were 18.8 ± 2.4 mm and 19.2 ± 2.3 mm on right and left sides, respectively; the intraobserver ICC was 0.82–0.91 but LOAs were wide, while interobserver ICC was 0.13–0.68 and also had wide LOAs.Conclusions3D‐EVUS is a reliable tool for the assessment of hiatal measurements and LAM avulsion in women during pregnancy and after delivery, but performs less well for measurements of LAM thickness and LUG. EVUS can therefore be used in research studies involving childbirth and recurrent prolapse. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Determining wind turbine power curves based on operating conditions
Authors: Paiva L.T. , Veiga Rodrigues C. , Palma J.M.L.M. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThe relation between wind speed and electrical power—the power curve—is essential in the design, management and power forecasting of a wind farm. The power curve is the main characteristic of a wind turbine, and a procedure is presented for its determination, after the wind turbine is installed and in operation. The procedure is based on both computational and statistical techniques, in situ measurements, nacelle anemometry and operational data. This can be an alternative or a complement to procedures fully based on field measurements as in the International Electrotechnical Commission standards, reducing the time and costs of such practices. The impact of a more accurate power curve was measured in terms of the prediction error of a wind power forecasting system over 1 year of operation, whereby the methodology for numerical site calibration was presented and the concepts of ideal power curve and nacelle power curve introduced. The validation was based on data from wind turbines installed at a wind farm in complex topography, in Portugal, providing a real test of the technique presented here. The contribution of the power curve to the wind power forecasting uncertainty was found to be from 10% to 15% of the root mean square error. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
3D load estimation on a horizontal axis wind turbine using SPIV
Authors: del Campo V. , Ragni D. , Micallef D. , Akay B. , Diez F. J. , Simão Ferreira C. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTThe flow around the blade of a horizontal axis wind turbine wind tunnel model, operating at its optimal tip speed ratio in axial flow, has been investigated by means of stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (SPIV). The aim was to assess the possibility of measuring the loads impinged on the blade, using the acquired velocity field and its spatial derivatives. Thus, the three‐dimensional (3D) velocity field and the pressure distribution surrounding the blade, as well as the aerodynamic loads, responsible for thrust and torque, were obtained with a non‐intrusive method. The SPIV equipment was mounted on a traverse system and provided with phase‐locked velocity planes perpendicular to the blade axis, scanning the blade from the root to the tip, at a fixed azimuthal position. The obtained velocity fields were used to estimate the pressure distribution and the aerodynamic loads on each plane, using a 3D formulation. Finally, these results were compared and discussed with similar results obtained computationally with a panel method model, showing good consistency. In the future, the proposed methodology could be used to study relevant topics such as active load control techniques, rotational augmentation, dynamic stall phenomena and the aerodynamics of small wind turbines operating at low Re numbers, among others. The processed and averaged flow fields from the experimental SPIV data are made available online to the reader. See appendix for description of the files. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Elastic stream processing in the Cloud
Authors: Hummer Waldemar , Satzger Benjamin , Dustdar Schahram 
Published: August 2013

Stream processing is a computing paradigm that has emerged from the necessity of handling high volumes of data in real time. In contrast to traditional databases, stream‐processing systems perform continuous queries and handle data on‐the‐fly. Today, a wide range of application areas relies on efficient pattern detection and queries over streams. The advent of Cloud computing fosters the development of elastic stream‐processing platforms, which are able to dynamically adapt based on different cost–benefit trade‐offs. This article provides an overview of the historical evolution and the key concepts of stream processing, with special focus on adaptivity and Cloud‐based elasticity.This article is categorized under:

Application Areas > Data Mining Software Tools
Technologies > Computer Architectures for Data Mining
Soil disturbances increase songbird use of monotypic re‐established Grasslands
Authors: Benson Thomas J. , Dinsmore James J. , Hohman William L. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTExtensive conversion of natural areas for agricultural production has had many consequences, including reduced habitat for nesting birds. Increasing focus on habitat re‐establishment has led to the establishment of patches of perennial herbaceous vegetation in these agricultural landscapes, although these often consist of monotypic grass fields with little vegetation diversity. In 2001 and 2002, we assessed songbird responses to mowing followed by a soil disturbance (disking) meant to increase vegetation diversity and abundance of arthropod food resources in conservation easements in East‐central Iowa, USA. We randomly assigned fields to disking and control treatments and collected data on breeding bird density and species richness in these habitats before and after treatments were applied. Disking increased density of all species combined, several individual species including dickcissel (Spiza americana; a declining species of concern), and overall conservation value of bird communities in treated fields. Total bird density increased with disking when the size of disked area was relatively small, and dickcissels and American goldfinches (Spinus tristis) responded positively and negatively to block‐shaped treatments, respectively. Most species either showed no response or increased in density with disking. Changes associated with disking treatments were likely related to changes in both vegetation structure and increased abundance and biomass of arthropod food resources. Disking appears to be an effective management practice for maintaining herbaceous habitats, increasing vegetation diversity and food availability for insectivorous birds, and increasing habitat quality for priority bird species. Given the increasing availability of monotypic grasslands in agricultural landscapes, this practice may provide a relatively inexpensive way to improve re‐established habitats. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Non‐native plants and wildlife in the Intermountain West
Authors: Litt Andrea R. , Pearson Dean E. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTNon‐native plant invasions can change communities and ecosystems by altering the structure and composition of native vegetation. Changes in native plant communities caused by non‐native plants can influence native wildlife species in diverse ways, but the outcomes and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we review and synthesize current information for the Intermountain West of the United States, to develop a general mechanistic understanding of how invasions by non‐native plants affect wildlife, and we identify important information gaps. In this region, most species of recognized conservation and management concern are non‐native forbs (e.g., leafy spurge [Euphorbia esula], spotted knapweed [Centaurea stoebe]), although non‐native grasses (e.g., cheatgrass [Bromus tectorum], medusahead [Taeniatherum caput‐medusae]) also have greatly altered vegetation communities. These invasions by non‐native plants affect native fauna through both trophic and non‐trophic (habitat) pathways and via both direct and indirect effects. The degree to which these invasions affect wildlife depends largely on the degree to which non‐native plants alter form and function of native vegetation communities. Reciprocally, native animals can influence distribution and abundance of non‐native plants by facilitating or inhibiting invasions through herbivory, seed predation, seed dispersal, soil disturbance, and pollination. Current understanding of interactions between non‐native plants and wildlife is limited because few invasions have been studied in sufficient detail to quantify population‐level effects on wildlife reliably or to identify underlying mechanisms causing the observed effects. Although management of non‐native plants has increased in this region, we understand even less about whether control measures can mitigate the adverse effects of non‐native plants on organisms that occupy higher trophic levels. © 2013 The Wildlife Society.
Human NKCC2 cation–Cl– co‐transporter complements lack of Vhc1 transporter in yeast vacuolar membranes
Authors: Petrezselyova Silvia , Dominguez Angel , Herynkova Pavla , Macias Juan F. , Sychrova Hana 
Published: August 2013

AbstractCation–chloride co‐transporters serve to transport Cl– and alkali metal cations. Whereas a large family of these exists in higher eukaryotes, yeasts only possess one cation–chloride co‐transporter, Vhc1, localized to the vacuolar membrane. In this study, the human cation–chloride co‐transporter NKCC2 complemented the phenotype of VHC1 deletion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its activity controlled the growth of salt‐sensitive yeast cells in the presence of high KCl, NaCl and LiCl. A S. cerevisiae mutant lacking plasma‐membrane alkali–metal cation exporters Nha1 and Ena1‐5 and the vacuolar cation–chloride co‐transporter Vhc1 is highly sensitive to increased concentrations of alkali–metal cations, and it proved to be a suitable model for characterizing the substrate specificity and transport activity of human wild‐type and mutated cation–chloride co‐transporters. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long‐term oropharyngeal colonization by C. albicans in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Karaman Meral , Firinci Fatih , Karaman Ozkan , Uzuner Nevin , Hakki Bahar Ismail 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis longitudinal prospective study aimed to determine the prevalence of oropharyngeal colonization by C. albicans in children with cystic fibrosis (CF), and observe the continuity of candidal colonization and the changes in production of virulence factors, susceptibility to antifungal agents and RAPD patterns of the isolates. Thirty‐seven children with CF were followed‐up for oropharyngeal C. albicans colonization for 18 months. The colonization rate was detected in 54%. All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B, but those isolated from one patient were resistant to fluconazole. Biofilm production, secretory acid proteinase, phospholipase and esterase activity rates were 30%, 60%, 75% and 80%, respectively. RAPD analysis with the primers OPE‐03 and OPE‐18 was performed for genotyping. RAPD patterns of the strains isolated from the same patient were related to each other, whereas they were not related with other strains isolated from different patients. Two C. albicans strains isolated from the same patient were found to be unrelated to one another. As a result, long‐lasting colonization of the oropharyngeal mucosa of children with CF by endogenous C. albicans isolates having the same RAPD pattern was demonstrated. Colonization prevalance and development of resistance to antifungal agents and the increased production of virulence factors were not correlated. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2D LnIII(Nd/La)‐AgI Heterometallic and TmIII Homometallic Coordination Polymers Based on Pyridine Dicarboxylate ­Ligands
Authors: Zhao Ling‐Zhi , Tian Yuan‐Yuan , Gong Ying‐Xin , Huang Xiao‐Ting , Zhang Fen , Rong Jian‐Xiong , Cai Xia , Li Wen‐Tao , Zeng Rong‐Hua , Lu Dong‐Sheng 
Published: August 2013

AbstractTwo 2D 4d‐4f heterometallic coordination polymers, [LnAg(Py26DC)2(H2O)3]·3H2O [Ln = Nd (1), La (2); H2Py26DC = pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxylic acid], and one 2D lanthanide homometallic coordination polymer, [Ln(Py25DC)(ox)0.5(H2O)2] [Ln = Tm (3); H2Py25DC = pyridine‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid; ox = oxalate], were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Both complexes 1 and 2 are isostructural and exhibit 3‐connected 2D heterometallic layer structures with the Schläfli symbol of (82·10), whereas complex 3 represents an extended 2D homometallic network structure with (4,4) topology.
Changing the SFC Profile of Lauric Fat Blends Based on Melting Group Triacylglycerol Formulation
Authors: Nusantoro B. P. , De Clercq N. , Anthierens K. , Dewettinck K. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractLauric fat blends could be prepared from formulation of different melting triacylglycerol (TAG) group to obtain various desired SFC profiles as required by different fat rich products such as margarine and shortening. At the interval temperature from 0 to 20 °C, an increase ratio of body and heated (BH) melting TAG group in the fat blends imposed higher SFC values with steeper SFC slopes. Meanwhile, at the interval temperature from 20 to 40 °C, an increase ratio of heated (H) melting TAG group resulted higher SFC values with comparable SFC slopes. The use of Palm Stearin (PS) or Fully Hydrogenated Rapeseed Oil (FHRO) as the hard fat gave comparable SFC profiles but the fat blends with FHRO melted completely (SFC 0 %) at higher temperature (60 °C) while those of PS did not. In addition, the crystallization and melting behaviors of lauric fat blends as measured by DSC were influenced by different ratio of TAG distribution formulated at H15 (varied BH) and BH50 (varied H). Fat blends with PS also showed different crystal morphology compared to those with FHRO as measured by PLM.
Type VI collagen turnover‐related peptides—novel serological biomarkers of muscle mass and anabolic response to loading in young men
Authors: Nedergaard Anders , Sun Shu , Karsdal Morten A. , Henriksen Kim , Kjær Michael , Lou Yunyun , He Yi , Zheng Qinlong , Suetta Charlotte 
Published: August 2013

BackgroundImmobilization‐induced loss of muscle mass is a complex phenomenon with several parallels to sarcopenic and cachectic muscle loss. Muscle is a large organ with a protein turnover that is orders of magnitude larger than most other tissues. Thus, we hypothesize that muscle loss and regain is reflected by peptide biomarkers derived from type VI collagen processing released in the circulation.MethodsIn order to test this hypothesis, we set out to develop an ELISA assay against an type VI collagen N‐terminal globular domain epitope (IC6) and measured the levels of IC6 and an MMP‐generated degradation fragment of collagen 6, (C6M) in a human immobilization–remobilization study setup with young (n = 11) and old (n = 9) men. They were subjected to 2 weeks of unilateral lower limb immobilization followed by 4 weeks of remobilization including thrice weekly resistance training, using the contralateral leg as internal controls. Subjects were sampled for strength, quadriceps muscle volume and blood at baseline (PRE), post‐immobilization (2W), and post‐remobilization (4W). Blood were subsequently analyzed for levels of the C6M and IC6 biomarkers. We subsequently tested if there was any correlation between C6M, IC6, or the C6M/IC6 ratio and muscle mass or strength at baseline. We also tested whether there was any relation between these biomarkers and changes in muscle mass or strength with immobilization or remobilization.ResultsThe model produced significant loss of muscle mass and strength in the immobilized leg. This loss was bigger in young subjects than in elderly, but whereas the young recovered almost fully, the elderly had limited regrowth of muscle. We found a significant correlation between IC6 and muscle mass at baseline in young subjects (R2 = 0.6563, p = 0.0045), but none in the elderly. We also found a significant correlation between C6M measured at the 4W time point and the change in muscle mass during remobilization, again only manifesting in the young men(R2 = 0.6523, p = 0.0085). This discrepancy between the young and the elderly may be caused in part by much smaller changes in muscle mass in the elderly and partly by the relative small sample size.ConclusionWhile we cannot rule out the possibility that these biomarkers in part stem from other tissues, our results strongly indicate that these markers represent novel biomarkers of muscle mass or change in muscle mass in young men.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13539‐013‐0114‐x) contains supplementary material.