bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between quantitative measures of mammographic density and terminal ductal lobular unit involution in Chinese breast cancer patients
Authors: Mburu Waruiru , Guo Changyuan , Tian Yuan , Koka Hela , Fu Sheng , Lu Ning , Li Erni , Li Jing , Cora Renata , Chan Ariane , Guida Jennifer L. , Sung Hyuna , Gierach Gretchen L. , Abubakar Mustapha , Yu Kai , Yang Xiaohong R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Higher mammographic density (MD), a radiological measure of the proportion of fibroglandular tissue in the breast, and lower terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU) involution, a histological measure of the amount of epithelial tissue in the breast, are independent breast cancer risk factors. Previous studies among predominantly white women have associated reduced TDLU involution with higher MD.

Methods
In this cohort of 611 invasive breast cancer patients (ages 23–91 years [58.4% ≥ 50 years]) from China, where breast cancer incidence rates are lower and the prevalence of dense breasts is higher compared with Western countries, we examined the associations between TDLU involution assessed in tumor-adjacent normal breast tissue and quantitative MD assessed in the contralateral breast obtained from the VolparaDensity software. Associations were estimated using generalized linear models with MD measures as the outcome variables (log-transformed), TDLU measures as explanatory variables (categorized into quartiles or tertiles), and adjusted for age, body mass index, parity, age at menarche and breast cancer subtype.

Results
We found that, among all women, percent dense volume (PDV) was positively associated with TDLU count (highest tertile vs. zero: Expbeta = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.51, ptrend =  < .0001), TDLU span (highest vs. lowest tertile: Expbeta = 1.23, 95% CI 1.11–1.37, ptrend =  < .0001) and acini count/TDLU (highest vs. lowest tertile: Expbeta = 1.22, 95% CI 1.09–1.37, ptrend = 0.0005), while non-dense volume (NDV) was inversely associated with these measures. Similar trend was observed for absolute dense volume (ADV) after the adjustment of total breast volume, although the associations for ADV were in general weaker than those for PDV. The MD-TDLU associations were generally more pronounced among breast cancer patients ≥ 50 years and those with luminal A tumors compared with patients < 50 years and with luminal B tumors.

Conclusions
Our findings based on quantitative MD and TDLU involution measures among Chinese breast cancer patients are largely consistent with those reported in Western populations and may provide additional insights into the complexity of the relationship, which varies by age, and possibly breast cancer subtype.
Implementation of green-assessed nanotechnology and quality by design approach for development of optical sensor for determination of tobramycin in ophthalmic formulations and spiked human plasma
Authors: El-Maraghy Christine M. , Medhat Passant M. , Hathout Rania M. , Ayad Miriam F. , Fares Nermine V. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA fast eco-friendly colorimetric method was developed for the determination of Tobramycin in drug substance, ophthalmic formulations, and spiked human plasma using silver nanoparticles optical sensor. Even though tobramycin is non-UV–visible absorbing, the developed method is based on measuring the absorbance quenching of silver nanoparticles resulting from the interaction with tobramycin. Different factors affecting the absorbance intensity were studied as; silver nanoparticle concentration, pH, buffer type, and reaction time using quality by design approach. Validation of the proposed method was performed according to ICH guidelines and was found to be accurate, precise, and sensitive. The linearity range of tobramycin was 0.35–4.0 μg/mL. The optical sensor was successfully applied for the determination of Tobramycin in ophthalmic formulations and spiked human plasma without pre-treatment. Additionally, the binding between Tobramycin and PVP- capped silver nanoparticles was studied using molecular docking software. The method was assessed and compared to colorimetric reported methods for the green character using Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) and Analytical GREEnness calculator (AGREE) tools and found to be greener.
Evaluation of chimeric recombinant antigens for the serodiagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi in dogs: a promising tool for Chagas disease surveillance
Authors: Fontes Natália Dantas , Habib Fernanda Lopes , Leony Leonardo Maia , Freitas Natália Erdens Maron , Silva Ângelo Antônio Oliveira , Dantas-Torres Filipe , da Silva Sales Kamila Gaudêncio , da Câmara Antônia Cláudia Jácome , de Araújo-Neto Vicente Toscano , Amorim Leila Denise Alves Ferreira , Celedon Paola Alejandra Fiorani , Zanchin Nilson Ivo Tonin , Santos Fred Luciano Neves 
Published: July 2024

﻿Abstract
Background
Chagas disease (CD), a neglected parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, poses a significant health threat in Latin America and has emerged globally because of human migration. Trypanosoma cruzi infects humans and over 100 other mammalian species, including dogs, which are important sentinels for assessing the risk of human infection. Nonetheless, the serodiagnosis of T. cruzi in dogs is still impaired by the absence of commercial tests. In this study, we investigated the diagnostic accuracy of four chimeric recombinant T. cruzi IBMP antigens (IBMP-8.1, IBMP-8.2, IBMP-8.3, and IBMP-8.4) for detecting anti-T. cruzi antibodies in dogs, using latent class analysis (LCA).

Methods
We examined 663 canine serum samples, employing indirect ELISA with the chimeric antigens. LCA was utilized to establish a latent variable as a gold standard for T. cruzi infection, revealing distinct response patterns for each antigen.

Results
The IBMP (Portuguese acronym for the Molecular Biology Institute of Paraná) antigens achieved area under the ROC curve (AUC) values ranging from 90.9% to 97.3%. The highest sensitivity was attributed to IBMP-8.2 (89.8%), while IBMP-8.1, IBMP-8.3, and IBMP-8.4 achieved 73.5%, 79.6%, and 85.7%, respectively. The highest specificity was observed for IBMP-8.4 (98.6%), followed by IBMP-8.2, IBMP-8.3, and IBMP-8.1 with specificities of 98.3%, 94.4%, and 92.7%, respectively. Predictive values varied according to prevalence, indicating higher effectiveness in endemic settings.

Conclusions
Our findings underscore the remarkable diagnostic performance of IBMP-8.2 and IBMP-8.4 for the serodiagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi in dogs, representing a promising tool for the diagnosis of CD in dogs. These chimeric recombinant antigens may not only enhance CD surveillance strategies but also hold broader implications for public health, contributing to the global fight against this neglected tropical disease.

Graphical Abstract
Early changes of microRNAs in blood one month after bariatric surgery
Authors: Lu Guanhua , Gao Huanhuan , Hu Ruixiang , Miao Ji , Dong Zhiyong , Wang Cunchuan , Chen Xinxin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Changes in microRNAs (miRNAs) are relevant to bariatric surgery and its comorbidities. The characteristics of changes in miRNAs of the early postoperative period following both bariatric procedures, sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), as well as the factors that related to the effectiveness of early weight loss remain unclear.

Methods
We recruited 18 patients who performed SG and 15 patients who performed RYGB. Their preoperative and 1-month postoperative clinical data and fasting serum samples were collected, and the latter were analyzed by RNA-sequencing. Differential expression analysis of miRNAs was performed by the R-tool. Functional classification annotation and pathway enrichment analysis of targeted genes were analyzed by KOBAS software. The change profiles of miRNAs for both surgeries and their correlation with clinical characteristics and weight loss effectiveness were further analyzed.

Results
A total of 85 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified before and after SG, while a total of 76 were found before and after RYGB. The target genes of these miRNAs were similar in the Gene Ontology enrichment analysis in SG and RYGB, and the enrichment analysis in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes was mainly related to metabolic pathways. Hsa-miR-493-5p, hsa-miR-184, and hsa-miR-3199 exhibited similar changes in SG and RYGB, and the former two were correlated with clinical characteristics. Hsa-miR-6729-5p, hsa-miR-4659b-5p, and hsa-miR-2277-5p were correlated with the weight loss effectiveness of SG, while hsa-miR-4662a-5p was correlated with the weight loss effectiveness of RYGB.

Conclusions
Short-term metabolic improvement and weight loss occurring after SG and RYGB surgery might be related to changes in miRNAs, which act on multiple biological pathways by regulating genes. In addition, some clinical characteristics and miRNAs were related to the effectiveness of early weight loss after SG and RYGB surgery.

Clinical Trial Registration
ChiCTR2200058333.
Genomic representativeness and chimerism in large collections of SAGs and MAGs of marine prokaryoplankton
Authors: Chang Tianyi , Gavelis Gregory S. , Brown Julia M. , Stepanauskas Ramunas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Single amplified genomes (SAGs) and metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) are the predominant sources of information about the coding potential of uncultured microbial lineages, but their strengths and limitations remain poorly understood. Here, we performed a direct comparison of two previously published collections of thousands of SAGs and MAGs obtained from the same, global environment.

Results
We found that SAGs were less prone to chimerism and more accurately reflected the relative abundance and the pangenome content of microbial lineages inhabiting the epipelagic of the tropical and subtropical ocean, as compared to MAGs. SAGs were also better suited to link genome information with taxa discovered through 16S rRNA amplicon analyses. Meanwhile, MAGs had the advantage of more readily recovering genomes of rare lineages.

Conclusions
Our analyses revealed the relative strengths and weaknesses of the two most commonly used genome recovery approaches in environmental microbiology. These considerations, as well as the need for better tools for genome quality assessment, should be taken into account when designing studies and interpreting data that involve SAGs or MAGs.
A peer mentoring program for eating disorders: improved symptomatology and reduced hospital admissions, three years and a pandemic on
Authors: Raspovic Anita , Duck Rachael , Synnot Andrew , Caldwell Belinda , Phillipou Andrea , Castle David , Newton Richard , Brennan Leah , Jenkins Zoe , Cunich Michelle , Maguire Sarah , Miskovic-Wheatley Jane 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Peer support involves people (mentors) using their own experiences to assist others (mentees). The impetus to include peer support in eating disorder recovery is high, however research on implementation of peer roles in eating disorder management is limited. A previous pilot study found positive but preliminary results for a Peer Mentor Program (PMP) for eating disorders. The PMP has since developed over time, including broadening its eligibility criteria and shifting to predominantly online delivery during COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the updated version of the PMP, on a larger and more diverse group of mentees.

Methods
Previously collected PMP service data from July 2020 to April 2022 (during COVID-19 lockdowns) was evaluated for fifty-one mentees using mixed methods. Data from program start (baseline), mid-point (3-months) and end (6-months) for measures of eating disorder symptoms as measured by the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and psychological wellbeing as measured by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) was evaluated. Frequency of eating disorder-related hospital admissions during PMP participation versus the 6 months prior, direct program costs and qualitative mentee feedback were also analysed. One way ANOVA’s with post hoc tests were used to evaluate symptom change and thematic analysis was conducted on qualitative data.

Results
Program attendance averaged 12.12 (SD ± 1.57) of a possible 13 sessions. Statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements were demonstrated across all subscales of the eating disorder and psychological wellbeing symptom measures. EDE-Q Global score and DASS scores decreased significantly by program end. Fewer eating disorder-related hospital admissions were reported during PMP than the 6-months prior. Qualitative findings were positive and themed around the unique benefits of lived experience connection, a new kind of space for recovery, hope and motivation for change. Challenges with the time limited nature of the mentee-mentor relationship were expressed.

Conclusions
The important benefits of a PMP for individuals with eating disorders are further supported. There is a pressing need for high quality, co-produced research, utilising a mixture of designs and fidelity to core peer work principles, to inform further implementation of peer work into eating disorder policy and practice.
Normal saline versus Ringer’s solution and critical-illness mortality in acute pancreatitis: a nationwide inpatient database study
Authors: Horibe Masayasu , Kayashima Astuto , Ohbe Hiroyuki , Bazerbachi Fateh , Mizukami Yosuke , Iwasaki Eisuke , Matsui Hiroki , Yasunaga Hideo , Kanai Takanori 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Fluid resuscitation is fundamental in acute pancreatitis (AP) treatment. However, the optimal choice between normal saline (NS) and Ringer's solution (RS), and its impact on mortality in critically ill patients, remains controversial. This retrospective cohort study, utilizing a national Japanese inpatient database, investigates this question.

Methods
Using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database between July 2010 and March 2021, we identified adult patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) or high-dependency care units (HDU) for AP who survived at least three days and received sufficient fluid resuscitation (≥ [10 ml/kg/hr*1 h + 1 ml/kg/hr*71 h] ml) within three days of admission including emergency room infusions. Patients were classified into groups based on the predominant fluid type received: the NS group (> 80% normal saline) and the RS group (> 80% Ringer's solution). Propensity score matching was employed to reduce potential confounding factors and facilitate a balanced comparison of in-hospital mortality between the two groups.

Results
Our analysis included 8710 patients with AP. Of these, 657 (7.5%) received predominantly NS, and 8053 (92.5%) received predominantly RS. Propensity score matching yielded 578 well-balanced pairs for comparison.
The NS group demonstrated significantly higher in-hospital mortality than the RS group (12.8% [474/578] vs. 8.5% [49/578]; risk difference, 4.3%; 95% confidence interval, 0.3% to 8.3%).

Conclusions
In patients admitted to ICU or HDU with AP receiving adequate fluid resuscitation, RS can be a preferred infusion treatment compared to NS.
The influence of using instagram on EFL learners’ critical thinking in language institutes
Authors: Zalani Mahdi , Yousofi Nouroddin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study examined the influence of using Instagram on EFL learners’ critical thinking in language institutes. The participants were 98 students (40 males and 58 females) studying English at three branches of a language institute in Iran who were 20–24 years old and shared the same L1 which was Persian. They were selected through purposive sampling. Their proficiency in English was checked by administering DIALANG. Based on their scores on DIALANG, two equal groups were formed as experimental and control. As the pretest, California Critical Thinking Skills Test and California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory were utilised. Afterward, the experimental group were taught in class and via Instagram, while the control group were taught only in class without using Instagram. The treatment lasted for 12 weeks each week for two sessions each session for 2 h. Then the posttest, which included administering California Critical Thinking Skills Test and California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory was administered. The two groups got nearly the same scores on the pretest which showed their same proficiency level, but, their performances on the posttest were significantly different and the experimental group performed much better than the control group. This study may have implications for teacher trainers, supervisors, teachers, and textbook writers.
Exploring the role of disciplinary knowledge in students’ covariational reasoning during graphical interpretation
Authors: Altindis Nigar , Bowe Kathleen A. , Couch Brock , Bauer Christopher F. , Aikens Melissa L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
This study investigates undergraduate STEM students’ interpretation of quantities and quantitative relationships on graphical representations in biology (population growth) and chemistry (titration) contexts. Interviews (n = 15) were conducted to explore the interplay between students’ covariational reasoning skills and their use of disciplinary knowledge to form mental images during graphical interpretation.

Results
Our findings suggest that disciplinary knowledge plays an important role in students’ ability to interpret scientific graphs. Interviews revealed that using disciplinary knowledge to form mental images of represented quantities may enhance students’ covariational reasoning abilities, while lacking it may hinder more sophisticated covariational reasoning. Detailed descriptions of four students representing contrasting cases are analyzed, showing how mental imagery supports richer graphic sense-making.

Conclusions
In the cases examined here, students who have a deep understanding of the disciplinary concepts behind the graphs are better able to make accurate interpretations and predictions. These findings have implications for science education, as they suggest instructors should focus on helping students to develop a deep understanding of disciplinary knowledge in order to improve their ability to interpret scientific graphs.
Several outstanding issues concerning the ionosphere of Mars
Authors: Withers Paul , Felici Marianna , Segale Jennifer , Barbinis Elias , Kahan Danny , Oudrhiri Kamal 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSeveral outstanding issues concerning the ionosphere of Mars can be addressed with the support of radio occultation observations acquired near the solar zenith angle limit of 45$$^{\circ }$$

∘

. First, two fundamentally different types of instruments (topside radar sounding, radio occultations) have been used to characterize how the subsolar peak density changes over the solar cycle. Here we find that their results for solar minimum and solar maximum values of peak density are consistent. This verifies that systematic errors do not affect peak density measurements from either type of instrument. Second, reported descriptions of how the peak altitude changes with solar zenith angle are inconsistent. Specifically, values reported by radio occultation and radar sounder instruments for the characteristic lengthscale used to describe changes in peak altitude with solar zenith angle vary by a factor of two. We find that the change in peak altitude with solar zenith angle is governed by a lengthscale that is close to the thermospheric scale height, as predicted theoretically. However, this behavior is only apparent when the Mars–Sun distance is held fixed. Reported smaller values of this lengthscale, which are not consistent with theoretical expectations, were adversely affected by using near-terminator peak altitude values only, which display marked variability. Third, Viking Lander entry science data have been interpreted to suggest that the M1 layer is not present in the ionosphere at solar zenith angles of 45$$^{\circ }$$

∘

or smaller. We show radio occultation observations at 45$$^{\circ }$$

∘

in which the M1 layer is present. This suggests that the basic structure of the dayside ionosphere remains the same at all solar zenith angles.
Graphical Abstract
Pareto optimization of SPECT acquisition and reconstruction settings for 177Lu activity quantification
Authors: Gustafsson Johan , Larsson Erik , Ljungberg Michael , Sjögreen Gleisner Katarina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim was to investigate the noise and bias properties of quantitative177Lu-SPECT with respect to the number of projection angles, and the number of subsets and iterations in the OS-EM reconstruction, for different total acquisition times.MethodsExperimental SPECT acquisition of six spheres in a NEMA body phantom filled with177Lu was performed, using medium-energy collimators and 120 projections with 180 s per projection. Bootstrapping was applied to generate data sets representing acquisitions with 20 to 120 projections for 10 min, 20 min, and 40 min, with 32 noise realizations per setting. Monte Carlo simulations were performed of177Lu-DOTA-TATE in an anthropomorphic computer phantom with three tumours (2.8 mL to 40.0 mL). Projections representing 24 h and 168 h post administration were simulated, each with 32 noise realizations. Images were reconstructed using OS-EM with compensation for attenuation, scatter, and distance-dependent resolution. The number of subsets and iterations were varied within a constrained range of the product number of iterations$$\times$$×number of projections$$\le 2400$$≤2400. Volumes-of-interest were defined following the physical size of the spheres and tumours, the mean activity-concentrations estimated, and the absolute mean relative error and coefficient of variation (CV) over noise realizations calculated. Pareto fronts were established by analysis of CV versus mean relative error.ResultsPoints at the Pareto fronts with low CV and high mean error resulted from using a low number of subsets, whilst points at the Pareto fronts associated with high CV but low mean error resulted from reconstructions with a high number of subsets. The number of projection angles had limited impact.ConclusionsFor accurate estimation of the177Lu activity-concentration from SPECT images, the number of projection angles has limited importance, whilst the total acquisition time and the number of subsets and iterations are parameters of importance.