bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiostereographic analysis of a shoulder surface replacement
Authors: Nuttall D. , Birch A. , Haines J. F.  , Trail I. A. 
Published: August 2014

Resurfacing of the humeral head is commonly used within the UK to treat osteoarthritis (OA) of the shoulder. We present the results of a small prospective randomised study of this procedure using the Global CAP prosthesis with two different coatings, Porocoat and DuoFix hydroxyapatite (HA). We followed two groups of ten patients with OA of the shoulder for two years after insertion of the prosthesis with tantalum marker beads, recording pain, Constant–Murley and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) outcome scores, and using radiostereometric analysis to assess migration. The outcomes were similar to those of other series, with significant reductions in pain (p = 0.003) and an improvement in the Constant (p = 0.001) and ASES scores (p = 0.006). The mean migration of the prosthesis three months post-operatively was 0.78 mm (0.51 to 1.69) and 0.72 mm (0.33 to 1.45) for the Porocoat and DuoFix groups, respectively. Analysis of variance indicated that the rate of migration reached a plateau after three months post-operatively in both groups. At follow-up of two years the mean migration was 1 mm (sd 1 (0.25 to 3.32)); in the Porocoat group and 0.8 mm (sd 0.4 (0.27 to 1.45)) in the DuoFix HA group. Significant migration of the prosthesis was seen in one patient who had received an anterior humeral bone graft. This prosthesis was later revised after 2.7 years.The addition of a coating of HA to the sintered surface does not improve fixation of this prosthesis.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:1077–81.
Burnout and quality of life among orthopaedic trainees in a modern educational programme
Authors: van Vendeloo S. N. , Brand P. L. P. , Verheyen C. C. P. M. 
Published: August 2014

We aimed to determine quality of life and burnout among Dutch orthopaedic trainees following a modern orthopaedic curriculum, with strict compliance to a 48-hour working week. We also evaluated the effect of the clinical climate of learning on their emotional well-being. We assessed burnout, quality of life and the clinical climate of learning in 105 orthopaedic trainees using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, linear analogue scale self-assessments, and Dutch Residency Educational Climate Test (D-RECT), respectively. A total of 19 trainees (18%) had poor quality of life and 49 (47%) were dissatisfied with the balance between their personal and professional life. Some symptoms of burnout were found in 29 trainees (28%). Higher D-RECT scores (indicating a better climate of learning) were associated with a better quality of life (r = 0.31, p = 0.001), more work-life balance satisfaction (r = 0.31, p = 0.002), fewer symptoms of emotional exhaustion (r = -0.21, p = 0.028) and depersonalisation (r = -0,28, p = 0.04). A reduced quality of life with evidence of burnout were still seen in a significant proportion of orthopaedic trainees despite following a modern curriculum with strict compliance to a 48-hour working week. It is vital that further work is undertaken to improve the quality of life and reduce burnout in this cohort. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:1133–8.
Infusion-Related Reaction following Daptomycin Two-Minute Rapid Intravenous Administration
Authors: Caulder Celeste R. , Sloan Aaron , Ahmed Yasir , Bookstaver P. Brandon 
Published: August 2014

Background Erythroderma, or red man's syndrome, is a common infusion-related reaction following vancomycin administration. Erythroderma following daptomycin rapid infusion has not been documented. Objective To report a case of erythroderma following daptomycin 2-minute intravenous (IV) injection. Case Report A review of published literature suggests that this is the first published case of a flushing (nonallergic) reaction resulting from a 2-minute IV injection of daptomycin that is not present with standard IV infusion. A 69-year-old woman following right knee reconstructive surgery presented with right knee joint swelling, purulent discharge, and fever. Subsequently, she was diagnosed with a presumed postsurgical infection and was initiated on vancomycin therapy. Following removal of the infected hardware, the patient was discharged and continued outpatient vancomycin therapy. The patient's renal function began to decline and therapy was discontinued. Daptomycin 6 mg/kg every 48 hours was initiated via 2-minute IV push. On the initial dose, approximately 2 hours post IV infusion, the patient began to notice redness and a warm sensation on her face, neck, and upper part of the chest. Diphenhydramine 25 mg provided limited immediate relief, but all symptoms subsided within 3 to 4 hours. The patient received her next dose 48 hours later over a 40-minute IV infusion with no adverse effects. Subsequent infusions continued at the same dose over 30 minutes for 4 weeks with no further adverse effects. Conclusion A 2-minute intravenous injection of daptomycin in this patient yielded a reaction that was not present on rechallenge with standard, extended infusion.
SNPs in Genes Functional in Starch-Sugar Interconversion Associate with Natural Variation of Tuber Starch and Sugar Content of Potato (Solanum tuberosumL.)
Authors: Schreiber Lena , Nader-Nieto Anna Camila , Schönhals Elske Maria , Walkemeier Birgit , Gebhardt Christiane 
Published: August 2014

AbstractStarch accumulation and breakdown are vital processes in plant storage organs such as seeds, roots, and tubers. In tubers of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) a small fraction of starch is converted into the reducing sugars glucose and fructose. Reducing sugars accumulate in response to cold temperatures. Even small quantities of reducing sugars affect negatively the quality of processed products such as chips and French fries. Tuber starch and sugar content are inversely correlated complex traits that are controlled by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Based on in silico annotation of the potato genome sequence, 123 loci are involved in starch-sugar interconversion, approximately half of which have been previously cloned and characterized. By means of candidate gene association mapping, we identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in eight genes known to have key functions in starch-sugar interconversion, which were diagnostic for increased tuber starch and/or decreased sugar content and vice versa. Most positive or negative effects of SNPs on tuber-reducing sugar content were reproducible in two different collections of potato cultivars. The diagnostic SNP markers are useful for breeding applications. An allele of the plastidic starch phosphorylase PHO1a associated with increased tuber starch content was cloned as full-length cDNA and characterized. The PHO1a-HA allele has several amino acid changes, one of which is unique among all known starch/glycogen phosphorylases. This mutation might cause reduced enzyme activity due to impaired formation of the active dimers, thereby limiting starch breakdown.
Vernalization Duration Requirement in Soft Winter Wheat is Associated with Variation at the VRN‐B1 Locus
Authors: Guedira Mohammed , Maloney Peter , Xiong Mai , Petersen Stine , Murphy J. Paul , Marshall David , Johnson Jerry , Harrison Steve , Brown‐Guedira Gina 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTGenetic variation in the factors controlling flowering in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) allow it to be grown in a wide range of environments. The aim of this study was to identify genetic determinants of flowering time in winter wheat cultivars adapted to regions of the United States differing in latitude and the duration of cold temperatures during winter. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was performed in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from the cross between cultivars NC‐Neuse and AGS 2000 that are adapted to the Mid‐Atlantic and Southeastern regions, respectively. We identified a QTL for heading date (HD) in the greenhouse after 4 wk of vernalization, designated Qvdr.nc‐5BL, which also had a large effect on winter dormancy release and HD when the population was evaluated in the field at locations in North Carolina, Georgia, and Louisiana during 2012 and North Carolina during 2013. However, Qvdr.nc‐5BL did not have a significant effect on HD in greenhouse grown plants vernalized for 8 wk or in plants grown in the field at Raleigh, NC during 2011. In those environments where Qvdr.nc‐5BL was not significant, a region on chromosome 2B, probably associated with the Ppd‐B1 locus, was determined to have a HD effect. Interrogation of the population with gene‐based markers for Vrn‐B1 and Ppd‐B1 suggests that these loci are major determinants of HD in winter wheat and are important for adaptation to diverse growing environments.
The Reflective Plant Breeding Paradigm: A Robust System of Germplasm Development to Support Strategic Diversification of Agroecosystems
Authors: Runck Bryan C. , Kantar Michael B. , Jordan Nicholas R. , Anderson James A. , Wyse Donald L. , Eckberg James O. , Barnes Richard J. , Lehman Clarence L. , DeHaan Lee R. , Stupar Robert M. , Sheaffer Craig C. , Porter Paul M. 
Published: August 2014

ABSTRACTOver the last half‐century, crop breeding and agronomic advances have dramatically enhanced yields in temperate summer‐annual cropping systems. Now, diversification of these cropping systems is emerging as a strategy for sustainable intensification, potentially increasing both crop production and resource conservation. In temperate zones, diversification is largely based on the introduction of winter‐annual and perennial crops at spatial and temporal locations in annual‐crop production systems that efficiently increase production and resource conservation. Germplasm development will be critical to this strategy, but we contend that to be feasible and efficient, germplasm improvement must be closely integrated with commercialization of these crops. To accomplish this integration, we propose a novel approach to germplasm development: the reflective plant breeding paradigm (RPBP). Our approach is enabled by developments in genomics, agroecosystem management, and innovation theory and practice. These developments and new plant‐breeding technologies (e.g., low‐cost sequencing, phenotyping, and spatial modeling of agroecosystems) now enable germplasm development to proceed on a time scale that enables close coordination of breeding and commercialization (i.e, development of cost‐effective production systems and supply–value chains for end‐use markets). The RPBP approach is based on close coordination of germplasm development with enterprise development. In addition to supporting strategic diversification of current annual‐cropping systems, the RPBP may be useful in rapid adaptation of agriculture to climate change. Finally, the RPBP may offer a novel and distinctive pathway for future development of the public plant‐breeding programs of land‐grant universities with implications for graduate education for public‐ and private‐sector plant breeders.
The Myth of Rigorous Accounting Research
Authors: Williams Paul F. 
Published: August 2014

SYNOPSIS
In this brief paper, I provide an argument that the rigor that allegedly characterizes contemporary mainstream accounting research is a myth. Expanding on arguments provided by West (2003), Gillies (2004), and Williams (1989), I show that the numbers utilized extensively to construct the statistical models that are the central defining feature of rigorous accounting research are, in many cases, not adequate to the task. These numbers are operational numbers that cannot be construed as measures or quantities of any kind of stable property. Constructing elaborate calculative models using operational numbers leads to equations whose results are not clearly decipherable. The rigorous nature of certain preferred forms of accounting research is, thus, largely a matter of appearance and not a substantive quality of the research mode that we habitually label “rigorous.” Thus, the policy recommendations implied by the results of rigorous accounting research may be viewed with considerable skepticism.
Influence of No-Ferrule and No-Post Buildup Design on the Fatigue Resistance of Endodontically Treated Molars Restored With Resin Nanoceramic CAD/CAM Crowns
Authors: Magne P , Carvalho AO , Bruzi G , Anderson RE , Maia HP , Giannini M 
Published: August 2014

SUMMARY

Objectives
To evaluate the influence of adhesive core buildup designs—4-mm buildup, 2-mm buildup, and no buildup (endocrown)—on the fatigue resistance and failure mode of endodontically treated molar teeth restored with resin nanoceramic (RNC) CAD/CAM complete crowns placed with self-adhesive resin cement.

Methods and Materials
Forty-five extracted molars were decoronated at the level of the cementoenamel junction, and the roots were endodontically treated. Specimens received different Filtek Z100 adhesive core buildups (4-mm buildup, 2-mm buildup, and no buildup, endocrown preparation) and were restored with Cerec 3 CAD/CAM RNC crowns (Lava Ultimate). Restorations (n=15) and prepared teeth were treated with airborne-particle abrasion, followed by cementation with RelyX Unicem 2 Automix. Specimens were then subjected to cyclic isometric loading at 10 Hz, beginning with a load of 200 N (for 5000 cycles), followed by stages of 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, and 1400 N at a maximum of 30,000 cycles each. Specimens were loaded until failure or to a maximum of 185,000 cycles (10-mm-diameter composite resin sphere antagonist). The failure mode was assessed: “catastrophic” (tooth/root fracture that would require tooth extraction), “possibly reparable” (cohesive/adhesive failure with fragment and minor damage, chip or crack, of underlying tooth structure), or “reparable” fracture (cohesive or cohesive/adhesive fracture of restoration only). Groups were compared using the life table survival analysis. Intact specimens were loaded to failure and compared with one-way analysis of variance.

Results
All specimens survived the fatigue test until the 800 N-step. The survival rates for 4-mm, 2-mm, and no buildup (endocrown) were 53%, 87%, and 87%, respectively, and were not statistically different even though crowns with 2-mm buildups only started to fail at 1200 N. Minor cohesive chips were detected in many samples despite having survived all 185,000 cycles. Postfatigue load-to-failure ranged from 2969 N with 4-mm buildup (eight specimens), 2794 N for 2-mm buildup (13 specimens), and 2606 N for endocrowns (13 specimens) and were also not statistically different. There were only two catastrophic failures during the fatigue test and small subgingival delamination fractures and cracks (only with 4-mm buildup). All specimens in the load-to-failure test exhibited nonrestorable catastrophic fractures.

Conclusions
There was no influence of the buildup design on the performance of endodontically treated molars restored with RNC CAD/CAM complete crowns placed with self-adhesive cement. All restoration designs survived the normal range of masticatory forces. Failure mode tended to be more favorable with the 2-mm buildup or no buildup (endocrown).
Resistive Inspiratory Muscle Training in People With Spinal Cord Injury During Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Postma Karin , Haisma Janneke A. , Hopman Maria T.E. , Bergen Michael P. , Stam Henk J. , Bussmann Johannes B. 
Published: August 2014

Background
People with spinal cord injury (SCI) may benefit from resistive inspiratory muscle training (RIMT). Current evidence is weak, and little is known about the effect on functional outcomes and long-term effects.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess immediate and long-term effects of RIMT in people with SCI.

Design
This was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Setting
The study was conducted at 4 specialized SCI units in the Netherlands.

Patients
The study participants were 40 people with SCI (15 with motor complete tetraplegia, 16 with incomplete tetraplegia, 8 with motor complete paraplegia, and 1 with incomplete paraplegia) who had impaired pulmonary function and were admitted for initial inpatient rehabilitation.

Intervention
Study participants were randomized to an RIMT group or a control group. All participants received usual rehabilitation care. In addition, participants in the intervention group performed RIMT with a threshold trainer.

Measurements
Measurements were performed at baseline, after 8 weeks of intervention, 8 weeks later, and 1 year after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Primary outcome measures were: respiratory muscle function, lung volumes and flows, and perceived respiratory function. Secondary outcome measures concerned patient functioning, which included health-related quality of life, limitations in daily life due to respiratory problems, and respiratory complications.

Results
During the intervention period, maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) improved more in the RIMT group than in the control group (11.7 cm H2O, 95% confidence interval=4.3 to 19.0). At follow-up, this effect was no longer significant. No effect on other primary or secondary outcome measures was found except for an immediate effect on mental health.

Limitations
The sample size was insufficient to study effects on respiratory complications.

Conclusions
Resistive inspiratory muscle training has a positive short-term effect on inspiratory muscle function in people with SCI who have impaired pulmonary function during inpatient rehabilitation.
Holospinal epidural abscess of the spinal axis: two illustrative cases with review of treatment strategies and surgical techniques
Authors: Smith Gabriel A. , Kochar Arshneel S. , Manjila Sunil , Onwuzulike Kaine , Geertman Robert T. , Anderson James S. , Steinmetz Michael P. 
Published: August 2014

Despite the increasing prevalence of spinal infections, the subcategory of holospinal epidural abscesses (HEAs) is extremely infrequent and requires unique management. Panspinal imaging (preferably MRI), modern aggressive antibiotic therapy, and prompt surgical intervention remain the standard of care for all spinal axis infections including HEAs; however, the surgical decision making on timing and extent of the procedure still remain ill defined for HEAs. Decompression including skip laminectomies or laminoplasties is described, with varied clinical outcomes. In this review the authors present the illustrative cases of 2 patients with HEAs who were treated using skip laminectomies and epidural catheter irrigation techniques. The discussion highlights different management strategies including the role of conservative (nonsurgical) management in these lesions, especially with an already identified pathogen and the absence of mass effect on MRI or significant neurological defects.
Among fewer than 25 case reports of HEA published in the past 25 years, the most important aspect in deciding a role for surgery is the neurological examination. Nearly 20% were treated successfully with medical therapy alone if neurologically intact. None of the reported cases had an associated cranial infection with HEA, because the dural adhesion around the foramen magnum prevented rostral spread of infection. Traditionally a posterior approach to the epidural space with irrigation is performed, unless an extensive focal ventral collection is causing cord compression. Surgical intervention for HEA should be an adjuvant treatment strategy for all acutely deteriorating patients, whereas aspiration of other infected sites like a psoas abscess can determine an infective pathogen, and appropriate antibiotic treatment may avoid surgical intervention in the neurologically intact patient.
Perioperative morbidity and mortality comparison in circumferential cervical fusion for osteomyelitis versus cervical spondylotic myelopathy
Authors: Wadhwa Rishi , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Lau Darryl , Le Hai , Chou Dean , Dhall Sanjay S. 
Published: August 2014

Object
The most common indications for circumferential cervical decompression and fusion are cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and cervical osteomyelitis (COM). Currently, the informed consent process prior to circumferential cervical fusion surgery is not different for these two groups of patients, as details of their diagnosis-specific risk profiles have not been quantified. The authors compared two patient cohorts with either CSM or COM treated using circumferential fusion. They sought to quantify perioperative morbidity and postoperative mortality in these two groups to assist with a diagnosis-specific informed consent process for future patients undergoing this type of surgery.

Methods
Perioperative and follow-up data from two cohorts of patients who had undergone circumferential cervical decompression and fusion were analyzed. Estimated blood loss (EBL), length of stay (LOS), perioperative complications, hospital readmission, 30-day reoperation rates, change in Nurick grade, and mortality were compared between the two groups.

Results
Twenty-two patients were in the COM cohort, and 24 were in the CSM cohort. Complications, hospital readmission, 30-day reoperation rates, EBL, and mortality were not statistically different, although patients with COM trended higher in each of these categories. There was a significantly greater LOS (p < 0.001) in the COM group and greater improvement in Nurick grade in the CSM group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
When advising patients undergoing circumferential fusion about perioperative risk factors, it is important for those with COM to know that they are likely to have a higher rate of complications and mortality than those with CSM who are undergoing similar surgery. Furthermore, COM patients have less neurological improvement than CSM patients after surgery. This information may be useful to surgeons and patients in providing appropriate informed consent during preoperative planning.