bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optically Powered Voltage Supply Device for Effective Utilization of Optical Energy in the Fiber‐to‐the‐Home Network
Authors: Fukano Hideki , Shinagawa Takeshi , Tsuruta Kenji 
Published: September 2013

SUMMARYAn optically powered device using an InGaAs photodiode has been developed. This study aims to harvest light energy (2.8 to 500 μW) from the FTTH (fiber‐to‐the‐Home) network and to utilize it for operating remote sensors without an external energy source. We designed the booster circuit and evaluated its characteristics, confirming that it could boost an input voltage of 0.3 V to 3.0 V. We also evaluated the characteristics of an InGaAs photodiode and confirmed that it could output a voltage over 0.3 V using 10‐μW input light. We demonstrate that a ready‐made sensor can be operated with an input optical power as low as 10 μW. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 96(10): 37–42, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11472
A Method for Emphasizing Reflection Waves from Buried Objects by Using Ground‐Penetrating Radar
Authors: Kobayashi Makoto , Nakano Kazushi 
Published: September 2013

SUMMARYGround‐penetrating radar (GPR) is a useful tool for performing subsurface imaging by using radar pulses. In a previous paper we proposed a method for denoising GPR signals by using the 2D Gabor wavelet transform. In this paper we present a new method for emphasizing GPR reflected waves from buried objects. We evaluate the results of time–frequency analysis of the reflected waves on the basis of the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and Infinite Gaussian Mixture Model (IGMM) methods. Our methods are found to be effective as preprocessing for detecting the positions of buried metal pipes. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 96(10): 22–36, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11484
Design of “Magnetic Resonance Type” WPT Systems Based on Filter Theory
Authors: Awai Ikuo , Ishizaki Toshio 
Published: September 2013

SUMMARYA wireless power transfer system that is made of magnetically coupled resonators is designed for 0‐Ω power sources. The design is based on the BPF theory which imposes more restrictions than the conventional power factor condition. Instead, it gives wider operating bandwidth and higher power transfer efficiency. The present paper derives the condition analytically and shows some useful design examples, including a two‐stage and a three‐stage system, as well as a system with a loop coil to transform the load impedance. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 96(10): 1–11, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11543
Molecular Dynamics Study of Complex Dopant Electrolyte Nd2–xHoxZr2O7: Structure, Conductivity, and Thermal Expansion
Authors: Razmkhah M. , Hamed Mosavian M. T. , Moosavi F. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractNd2–xHoxZr2O7 is an ionic conductor for solid oxide fuel cell electrolytes. Temperature and dopant composition are two main factors that affect ionic conductivity of these groups of materials. Accordingly, Nd2–xHoxZr2O7 was studied in a wide range of temperature, 1,173–1,873 K, and dopant composition, x = 0.0–2.0, by molecular dynamics simulation. Arrhenius plots of ionic conductivity in region of low temperature declared that the maximum occurred at composition x = 0.6 (H6). Surprisingly, it was observed that complexity of dopant improved ionic conductivity of the electrolyte. Moreover, radial distribution function confirmed this result. Two types of anions were observed in the electrolyte, which were dynamic oxygen ions (DOIs) and static oxygen ions (SOIs). Mean square displacement (MSD) of DOIs was higher than SOIs and enhanced oxygen ionic conductivity. Migration barrier of Nd2–xHoxZr2O7 varied from 0.68 to 1.22 eV that was in the range of a good solid oxide electrolyte. Nd1.2Gd0.8Zr2O7 (G8) and Y0.2Zr0.9O2.1 (Y2) were simulated and their results of simulations were compared with H6. Order of ionic conductivity at low temperatures was H6 > Y2 > G8. Another important factor of electrolyte is thermal expansion. Thermal expansion of Nd2–xHoxZr2O7 was around a constant value in the studied temperature range.
Zig Zagging All Over Again: An Interview with Moshe Lang
Authors: Sanders Catherine 
Published: September 2013

Moshe Lang was one of the pioneers of family therapy in Australia. Before establishing Williams Road Family Therapy Centre — which offers a range of therapeutic, teaching and consulting services — he worked for many years at Bouverie Clinic.Moshe has been President of the Victorian Association of Family Therapists, a founder of our national conferences (he also gave the very first Opening Address) and a founder of this journal, later becoming Foundation Chairperson of the Editorial Board.He has taught in most centres in Australia and New Zealand and has published several papers characterised by thoughtfulness, humour and lucid, direct expression.For many years he has espoused the value of story telling as a medium for learning, and the importance of exposing one's work for critical appraisal. These concerns are reflected directly in two sections of this journal — Story Comer and Audio‐Video Review. More recently he has co‐authored with his wife Tesse a book of stories about his experiences as a therapist, entitled Corrupting The Young and Other Stories of a Family Therapist.
Shadows and Stories: Lessons from the Wayang Kulit for Therapy with an Anglo‐Indonesian Family*
Authors: Jackson Sue 
Published: September 2013

Therapy with families from ethnic and cultural backgrounds different from the therapist's own represents a particular challenge. How can the therapist be sufficiently mindful of ethnocultural factors and harness these to promote change, while at the same time avoiding the traps of stereotyping and labelling families?In this paper I hope to demonstrate, in addition to the worth of the case study approach, that information about cultural differences can be employed in a creative way by using it metaphorically rather than literally. A cultural artefact, the wayang kulit, the shadow theatre of Indonesia, is introduced as a metaphor for the process of therapy itself with a very stuck Anglo‐Indonesian family.
Utilization of flax fibers for biomedical applications
Authors: Michel Sophie A. A. X. , Vogels Ruben R. M. , Bouvy Nicole D. , Knetsch Menno L. W. , van den Akker Nynke M. S. , Gijbels Marion J. J. , van der Marel Cees , Vermeersch Jan , Molin Daniel G. M. , Koole Leo H. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractOver the past decades, a large number of animal‐derived materials have been introduced for several biomedical applications. Surprisingly, the use of plant‐based materials has lagged behind. To study the feasibility of plant‐derived biomedical materials, we chose flax (Linum usitatissimum). Flax fibers possess excellent physical–mechanical properties, are nonbiodegradable, and there is extensive know‐how on weaving/knitting of them. One area where they could be useful is as implantable mesh structures in surgery, in particular for the repair of incisional hernias of the abdominal wall. Starting with a bleached flax thread, a prototype mesh was specifically knitted for this study, and its cytocompatibility was studied in vitro and in vivo. The experimental data revealed that application of flax in surgery first requires a robust method to remove endotoxins and purify the flax fiber. Such a method was developed, and purified meshes did not cause loss of cell viability in vitro. In addition, endotoxins determined using limulus amebocyte lysate test were at acceptable levels. In vivo, the flax meshes showed only mild inflammation, comparable to commercial polypropylene meshes. This study revealed that plant‐derived biomaterials can provide a new class of implantable materials that could be used as surgical meshes or for other biomedical applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 477–487, 2014.
In Vitro Mimics of Bone Remodeling and the Vicious Cycle of Cancer in Bone
Authors: Krishnan Venkatesh , Vogler Erwin A. , Sosnoski Donna M. , Mastro Andrea M. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBone remodeling is a natural process that enables growth and maintenance of the skeleton. It involves the deposition of mineralized matrix by osteoblasts and resorption by osteoclasts. Several cancers that metastasize to bone negatively perturb the remodeling process through a series of interactions with osteoclasts, and osteoblasts. These interactions have been described as the “vicious cycle” of cancer metastasis in bone. Due to the inaccessibility of the skeletal tissue, it is difficult to study this system in vivo. In contrast, standard tissue culture lacks sufficient complexity. We have developed a specialized three‐dimensional culture system that permits growth of a non‐vascularized, multiple‐cell‐layer of mineralized osteoblastic tissue from pre‐osteoblasts. In this study, the essential properties of bone remodeling were created in vitro by co‐culturing the mineralized collagenous osteoblastic tissue with actively resorbing osteoclasts followed by reinfusion with proliferating pre‐osteoblasts. Cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions were determined by confocal microscopy as well as by assays for cell specific cytokines and growth factors. Osteoclasts, differentiated in the presence of osteoblasts, led to degradation of the collagen‐rich extracellular matrix. Further addition of metastatic breast cancer cells to the co‐culture mimicked the vicious cycle; there was a further reduction in osteoblastic tissue thickness, an increase in osteoclastogenesis, chemotaxis of cancer cells to osteoclasts and formation of cancer cells into large colonies. The resulting model system permits detailed study of fundamental osteobiological and osteopathological processes in a manner that will enhance development of therapeutic interventions to skeletal diseases. J. Cell. Physiol. 229: 453–462, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ice nucleation by surrogates of Martian mineral dust: What can we learn about Mars without leaving Earth?
Authors: Cziczo Daniel J. , Garimella Sarvesh , Raddatz Michael , Hoehler Kristina , Schnaiter Martin , Saathoff Harald , Moehler Ottmar , Abbatt Jonathan P. D. , Ladino Luis A. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractWater and carbon dioxide ice clouds have been observed in the Martian atmosphere where they are dynamic parts of that planet's water and carbon cycles. Many Martian atmospheric models struggle to correctly predict clouds and, with insufficient data, some use untested simplifications that cloud formation occurs exactly at the saturation point of the condensed phase or at the same conditions as terrestrial cirrus clouds. To address the lack of data, we have utilized an 84 m3 cloud chamber built for studies of high altitude cirrus and polar stratospheric ice clouds in the Earth's atmosphere and adapted to Martian conditions. Using this chamber, we have been able to produce water ice clouds from aerosol in an inert and low pressure atmosphere mimicking that of Mars. At temperatures between 189 and 215 K, we investigated cloud formation by mineral dust particulates of a similar composition and size to those found on Mars. We show that these surrogate materials nucleate effectively at the higher temperatures, with minor temperature dependence at saturations ratios with respect to the ice phase of ~1.1, similar to what has been found for terrestrial cirrus. At the lower end of the temperature range, this saturation rises to ~1.9, a result consistent with previous studies.
Epstein–barr virus diversity in immunocompetent healthy persons: Reassessment of the distribution of genetic variants
Authors: Ikeda Tetsuya , Kobayashi Ryo , Kogashiwa Yasunao , Matsuda Takehiro , Kohno Naoyuki 
Published: September 2013

AbstractEpstein–Barr virus (EBV) has many strains; however, it remains unclear whether a causal relationship exists between different regions and viral genetic variants in healthy persons. This study was designed to examine the relationship between EBV strains in tonsils and adenoids and peripheral blood lymphocytes of the same individuals using different measurements of EBV strain polymorphism. This study examined whether EBV contains two or three copies of a tandem repeat sequence in the first intron of the BZLF‐1 gene. The genotype of the virus from P3HR‐1, designated Z*, yielded a 415‐bp product, and this was distinguished from the smaller, 386‐bp product obtained with the B95‐8 virus, designated the Z genotype. Simultaneous sequence infections with Z and Z* genotypes were also detected in one of the tonsils examined, suggesting that more than one strain or variant of EBV genotype may be present in a specimen from the same subject. Co‐infection with Z and Z* was recognized in two subjects, so variation of the EBV gene may be seen in at least two different strains of EBV. It was seen that Z and Z* strain‐infected cells are constantly in flux through lymph nodes and/or the blood stream in healthy persons; therefore, these results indicated that EBV genome variants probably show no specific tissue distribution. J. Med. Virol. 86:301–305, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Increase of the phytase production by Aspergillus japonicus and its biocatalyst potential on chicken feed treatment
Authors: Maller Alexandre , Vici Ana Claudia , Facchini Fernanda Del Antonio , da Silva Tony Marcio , Kamimura Eliana Setsuko , Rodrigues Maria Isabel , Jorge João Atílio , Terenzi Hector Francisco , de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes Polizeli Maria 
Published: September 2013

Phytase hydrolyzes phytic acid from the plant components of animal feed, releasing inorganic phosphorus. The phytase production by Aspergillus japonicus was optimized using Plackett–Burman designs (PBD), composite central rotational designs (CCRD), and response surface methodology from standard Czapek medium. The enzyme was applied in broiler chicken and laying hen foods. Analysis from PBD showed that KH2PO2, MgSO4 · 7H2O, and yeast extract had significant influences on phytase secretion (p < 0.05). The best results from the CCRD experiments were obtained using (A) 0.040% KH2PO4, (B) 0.050% MgSO4 · 7H2O, and (C) 0.040% yeast extract, enhancing in 49–53 U mg−1 protein. The determination coefficient (R2) was 0.92 and Fcalc was 7.48 times greater than Flisted. Thus, the reduced coded model:
urn:x-wiley:0233111X:media:jobm201300315:jobm201300315-math-0001
was considered predictive and statistically significant (p < 0.05). The optimized culture medium increased the phytase yield in 250%. A. japonicus phytase released high levels of Pi from broiler chicken and laying hen food. A. japonicus is an excellent phytase producer in a culture medium using inexpensive components and agricultural wastes. Therefore, these results provide sound arguments for the formulation of a low cost culture medium for phytase production.
Relationship between muscle fatty infiltration and the biological characteristics and stimulation potential of tenocytes from rotator cuff tears
Authors: Klatte‐Schulz Franka , Gerhardt Christian , Scheibel Markus , Wildemann Britt , Pauly Stephan 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe healing after rotator cuff surgery is still dissatisfying, and increased muscle fatty infiltration even more impairs the healing success. To achieve sufficient healing after rotator cuff reconstructions, the use of growth factors may be one possibility. The aim of the study was to identify a possible relationship between fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus muscle and cellular biological characteristics and stimulation potential of tenocyte‐like cells (TLCs). TLCs of 3 donor groups differing in grade of muscle fatty infiltration were analyzed for their cellular characteristics and were stimulated with BMP‐2 or BMP‐7 in a 3D scaffold culture. The cell count and potency for self‐renewal were significantly decreased in TLCs from donors with high muscle fatty infiltration compared to the lower fatty infiltration groups. Cell count and collagen‐I expression as well as protein synthesis were stimulated by growth factors. Interestingly, TLCs of the high fatty infiltration group exhibited a weaker stimulation potential compared to the other groups. TLCs from donors with high muscle fatty infiltration generally revealed inferior characteristics compared to cells of lower fatty infiltration groups, which may be one reason for a weaker healing potential and may represent a possible starting point for the development of future treatment options. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:129–137, 2014.
Image analysis method to quantify the effect of different treatments on the visual meat/shell ratio of half‐shelled green lipped mussels (Perna canaliculus)
Authors: Kim Min Geun , Alçiçek Zayde , Balaban Murat O , Atar Hasan Huseyin 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDAquacultured green lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) is the New Zealand export leader of seafood in terms of weight. Different treatments shrink mussel meat differently and affect the consumer perception of half‐shelled mussels. In order to quantify this, digital images of half‐shelled green lipped mussels subjected to two postharvest treatments (ultrahigh pressure (UHP) and heat treatment (HT)) and raw controls were taken. The ratio of the view area of the meat to that of the shell (labelled as ‘visual condition index’ (VCI)) was measured using image analysis. A polygonal region of interest was defined on the image to depict the boundary of the meat and to calculate the view area.RESULTSRaw mussels had a VCI of 85%. HT mussels had a much reduced VCI of 41%, indicating shrinkage of the meat due to heat. UHP treatment used as a shucking method resulted in a VCI of 83%. Since VCI is one measure of quality for the consumer, this quantitative method can be used in the optimization of shucking treatment (HT or UHP).CONCLUSIONVCI can be used to optimize postharvest treatments to minimize meat shrinkage. This method can also be applied to other shellfish such as oysters and clams. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Macroscale and mesoscale analysis of concrete as a multiphase material for biological shields against nuclear radiation
Authors: Salomoni V. A. , Majorana C. E. , Pomaro B. , Xotta G. , Gramegna F. 
Published: September 2013

SUMMARYThe overall thermo‐hygro‐mechanical behavior of concrete is to be investigated, because its bearing capacity is required together with its shielding properties, specifically when concrete structures are exposed to high‐energy neutron fluxes, which represent the next generation facilities designed for the production of high energy radioactive ion beams in physics research. Irradiation in the form of either fast and thermal neutrons, primary gamma rays or gamma rays produced as a result of neutron capture, are learnt to affect concrete as well as neutron fluences of the order of 1019 n/cm2 and gamma radiation doses of 1010 rad seem to become critical for concrete strength. The collection of data on concrete samples, variously exposed to neutron radiation, has allowed for defining a law for radiation damage within the FEM research code NEWCON3D, assessing the 3D coupled thermo‐hygro‐mechanical behavior of concrete, modeled as a multiphase porous medium, both at the macroscale and the mesoscale level. The required damage law is thought to be a function of the neutron flux impinging the concrete shielding wall, and a good estimate of this quantity has been provided by means of a Monte Carlo code developed by CERN and the National Institute of Nuclear Physics of Milan, Italy; this code handles radiation transport calculations and represents at this day one of the most reliable procedures for dealing with the interaction of radiation and matter. The suggested procedure for the radiation damage evaluation has allowed for discussing on differences between mesolevel and macrolevel approaches. Stochastic contour maps of the expected radiation field, properly interfaced with the numerical FE code, have allowed for obtaining a more precise evaluation of the radiation damage front as well as its evolution in time. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detection of flaws in piezoelectric structures using extended FEM
Authors: Nanthakumar S.S. , Lahmer T. , Rabczuk T. 
Published: September 2013

SUMMARYAn iterative method to treat the inverse problem of detecting cracks and voids in two‐dimensional piezoelectric structures is proposed. The method involves solving the forward problem for various flaw configurations, and at each iteration, the response of piezoelectric material is minimized at known specific points along the boundary to match measured data. Extended finite element method (XFEM) is employed for solving the forward problem as it allows the use of a single regular mesh for a large number of iterations with different flaw geometries. The minimization of cost function is performed by multilevel coordinate search (MCS) method. The algorithm is an intermediate between purely heuristic methods and methods that allow an assessment of the quality of the minimum obtained and is in spirit similar to the direct method for global optimization. In this paper, the XFEM‐MCS methodology is applied to two‐dimensional electromechanical problems where flaws considered are straight cracks and elliptical voids. The results show that this methodology can be effectively employed for damage detection in piezoelectric materials. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mehr sehen, mehr verstehen
Authors: Roman Jean‐Philippe 
Published: September 2013

AbstractDigitalkameras und Bildverarbeitung offenbaren mehr von der Realität, als das menschliche Auge allein sehen kann. Deshalb kommen sie in vielen wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen zum Einsatz – von der Biologie über die Medizin bis hin zur Astronomie.
Schnelle Laserstrahlschaltung
Authors: Marquardt Franka , Steiger Bernhard , Quellmalz Dana 
Published: September 2013

AbstractIn der Mikromaterialbearbeitung sind die Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Präzision der Bearbeitung sehr hoch. Mit gepulsten Lasersystemen ist es möglich, eine definierte Fluenz zeitlich exakt und damit positionsgenau bereit zu stellen. Laseranlagen mit Pulsdauern im ns‐Bereich generieren Pulsfolgefrequenzen bis zu einigen 100 kHz und Pulsspitzenleistungen von einigen Kilowatt. Für ein gleich bleibendes Bearbeitungsergebnis ist die Abhängigkeit der Pulsenergie von der Pulswiederholfrequenz nachteilig. Dieser Artikel stellt eine alternative Methode vor, die das schnelle optische Schalten von cw‐Laserstrahlung konstant hoher Leistung im MHz‐Bereich durch den Einsatz externer Dakustooptischer Modulatoren (AOM) ermöglicht.
Bunte Lichtflächen
Authors: Freitag Patricia , Gil Tae‐Hyun , Hesse Jan , Schlebusch Dirk 
Published: September 2013

AbstractOrganische Leuchtdioden (OLED) eignen sich in besonderem Maße für die Entwicklung von flächigen Beleuchtungselementen. Die Vorteile dieser Technologie liegen vor allem in der sehr geringen Bautiefe und in der Möglichkeit, Flächenstrahler auf flexiblen Substraten zu realisieren. Die Möglichkeit, den Farbort von OLED‐Modulen je nach Umgebungssituation frei wählen zu können, erweitert das Anwendungsspektrum solcher Module. Am Fraunhofer COMEDD konnten farbsteuerbare OLED durch das Stapeln von bis zu drei monochromen OLED‐Einheiten realisiert werden (Abb. 1). Der Farb­ort des emittierten Lichts lässt sich über eine pulsweitenmodulierte Ansteuerung der einzelnen Einheiten einstellen.