bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities of zinc nanoparticles green synthesized using Ferula macrecolea extract
Authors: Alnomasy Sultan F. 
Published: June 2024

Objective:
To assess the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and wound healing activities of zinc nanoparticles (ZNPs) green synthesized using Ferula macrecolea extract.

Methods:
The green synthesis was conducted using the precipitation method. Then, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum biofilm inhibition concentration 50% (MBIC50) of ZNPs against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) were evaluated. The effects of ZNPs on the gene expressions of Staphylococcus spp. [intracellular adhesion A (icaA) and D (icaD)] and P. aeruginosa (rhlI and rhlR) were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR. In addition, the effects of ZNPs on wound healing, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory markers were assessed.

Results:
The green-synthesized ZNPs demonstrated significant antimicrobial efficacy against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The biofilm formation in S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was also inhibited by ZNPs with MBIC50 values of 3.30 μg/mL and 2.08 µg/mL, respectively. Additionally, ZNPs downregulated the expression of biofilm-related genes icaA, icaD, rhlI, and rhlR in the tested bacteria. They also demonstrated promising in vitro wound healing effects by promoting fibroblast cell proliferation and wound closure in a dose-dependent manner. A significant increase in the expression of HLA-G5 and VEGF-A genes as well as a marked decrease in the expression of NF-κB, IL-1β, and TNF-α genes were observed in cells treated with ZNPs compared to the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
ZNPs display promising antibacterial effects against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and wound-healing effects by inhibiting biofilm formation, inducing angiogenesis, and reducing inflammation. However, further studies must be conducted to specify the accurate mechanisms of action and toxicity of ZNPs.
Changes of plasma cytokines content in Graves’ orbitopathy patients, could be potential markers
Authors: Fu Ying , Zhang Yuanyuan , An Yaxin , Cao Bin , Zhao Dong 
Published: June 2024

Aims:
The purpose of this study was to detect potential cytokines markers involved in the Graves’ orbitopathy (GO).

Materials and Methods:
We measured 25 plasma cytokines using label-free quantitative proteomic analysis in the pilot cohort. In validation cohort, NORCH3, TBP, α-enolase (ENO1), GPX3, ORM1, extracellular matrix protein-1 (ECM1), SERPINE, IGF1, IGKV1, and SPARC were validated using ELISA kits. We used label-free liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/MS (LC–MS/MS) quantitative proteomic to analyze plasma cytokines content of Graves’ disease and GO patients.

Results:
The validation cohort showed that the concentrations of ECM1, ENO1, and GPX3, (244.4276 pg/ml, 4.361807 ng/ml, and 17.72794 pmol/ml, respectively) were significantly lower in GO patients samples than those in Graves’ patients (257.3197 pg/ml, 4.601592 ng/ml, and 21.33118 pmol/ml, respectively). Both univariate and multivariate logistic analyses indicated that GPX3, ECM1, and ENO might be predictors of Graves’ ophthalmopathy. A receiver-operating characteristic curve with an area under the curve of 0.938, a sensitivity of 84.4%, and a specificity of 90.5% underscored the applicability of this method.

Conclusions:
ECM1, ENO1, and GPX3 were associated with the presence of the GO group and may be good biomarkers that play an important role in the pathogenesis of GO.
Prevalence of anemia in Somalia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 3988 participants
Authors: Nageye Yahye Ahmed , Mude Abdirasak Sharif Ali , Bello Kizito Eneye 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
The incidence of anemia in Somalia is of medical concerns, especially among neonates and pregnant women. Despite the available intervention of the government to provide iron-based supplement, the associated morbidity of anemia in Somalia is still of medical relevance. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to provide detailed information on the prevalence of anemia in Somalia. A systematic search for articles describing the prevalence of anemia within Somalia was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. A meta-analysis was performed on our eligible studies using the random effect model. Our search returned 13 eligible articles involving 3988 participants within Somalia. There was a relative high prevalence of anemia in Somalia in this study 39.7% (95% CI: 26.3–53.1; I2=99.26%, P≤ 0.001). A higher proportion of these cases was from pregnant women. Cross-sectional study designs had more incidence of anemia 39.8% (95% CI: 29.0–51.7) than retrospective studies 29.2% (95% CI: 17.0–45.3) in this review. There was a variation in the distribution of anemia in relation to the publication years at P< 0.001. Evidence from this study reveals that there is a high prevalence of anemiain Somalia and effort toward strategic treatment should be prioritized.
Assessment of Indoor Particulate Matter and Teacher’s Perceived Indoor Climate in Government Schools of Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh, India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pritwani Sabhya , Devasenapathy Niveditha 
Published: June 2024

Context:
Indoor air pollution (IAP) affects the long-term health, cognitive growth, and academic performance of children. Since children spend most of their time at school, quantifying IAP in classrooms is an important parameter for air pollution.

Aim:
To assess the average particulate matter (PM) levels inside and outside of classrooms along with their associated factors and teacher’s perceived indoor climate.

Setting and Design:
Cross-sectional survey in nine government-run schools.

Methods and Material:
PM2.5 and PM10 were measured inside the classroom and outdoors simultaneously during summers, using an Atmos monitor for two consecutive days, along with several school and classroom characteristics. Perception about indoor air quality was captured from teachers (n = 15) using a validated questionnaire.

Statistical Analysis:
Mean values of PM using mixed effect linear regression. Perceived indoor air quality is presented using percentages.

Results:
Mean indoor PM2.5 and PM10 was 52.5 µg/m3 and 65 µg/m3. Indoor and outdoor PM levels were highly correlated, but the indoor-outdoor ratio of PM concentrations was more than 1. Teachers were mostly bothered by dust, dirt, and noise in the schools.

Conclusion:
Indoor air quality was higher than World Health Organization (WHO) standards but within the national standards. Need further research to find the exact cause for higher indoor PM levels compared to outdoor PM levels.
Impact of Health Care Management Workshops on the Health-Seeking Behavior of Traffic Police in Bhubaneswar
Authors: Joseph Abba E. , Singh Vaishali , Herlekar Mihir , Sahoo Kalpana , Kanungo Srikanta , Mishra Puspanjali , Balaram Rajashree 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Sustainable development goals (SDGs) 3.9.1 and 11.6.2 call for a reduction in deaths and illnesses from air pollution, improving the air quality of cities. The above goals motivate us to organize workshops to improve the health of traffic police, who bear the brunt of air pollution. The paper examines the effect of workshops on the health-seeking behavior of the traffic police in Bhubaneswar city.

Methods:
The study conducted two workshops as a quasi-experimental, single-group study at an academic institution in Bhubaneswar. It included 20 traffic police officers (11 male and 9 female). The Kirkpatrick 4-level model was used to assess the effectiveness of the workshops. A paired t-test was used to compare pre- and postworkshop scores.

Results:
Thirteen traffic police officers rated the workshop sessions as excellent. The score before the workshop ranged from zero to three, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) of 2.81 (1.0). The postworkshop score had a minimum to maximum score of three to five with a mean (SD) of 4.41 (0.7) (P < 0.005). The effect size dcohen (confidence interval [CI]) was 1.87 (3.27–4.71). The mean (SD) of absolute and relative gain was 1.6 (1.0) and 0.93 (1.02), respectively. All 20 traffic police officers showed improvement in health-seeking behavior. The significant lifestyle changes after the workshops ranged between 5% and 75%.

Conclusion:
The test scores indicated statistically significant improvement as the P value recorded was smaller than 0.05. This concludes that the improvement in understanding of the session was statistically significant because of the training imparted.
Depression, Anxiety and Stress Symptoms among Afghan Healthcare Workers: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
Authors: Samsoor Ali Ahmad , Stanikzai Muhammad Haroon 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Decades of conflict and cycles of disasters in Afghanistan have caused enormous impacts on health, the economy, and even national security.

Objectives:
We aimed to assess the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms and their determinants among Afghan healthcare workers.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study of 830 Afghan healthcare workers working in public and private hospitals was conducted between May and July 2021. We employed a non-probability sampling method to select our subjects. The questionnaire was composed of sections on sociodemographic information, working conditions, and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Multivariable linear regression models were fitted using SPSS 21 to identify determinants of mental health symptoms among Afghan healthcare workers at a 5% significance level.

Results:
Of all participants, 52.3% (435) had symptoms of depression, 48.8% (405) anxiety, and 46.9% (389) stress. The likelihood of mental health symptoms was higher among those who worked in an urban setting (P = 0.001), were physically inactive (P = <0.001), had a decrease in income or an unpaid salary in the past six months (P = <0.001), thinking of leaving Afghanistan (P = <0.001), had medical comorbidity (P = <0.001), and being single (P = 0.048)].

Conclusion:
This study highlights the important findings about the psychological health of healthcare workers in Afghanistan. These findings suggest rapid, actionable, and locally relevant interventions to assure potential improvements in working and living conditions for the health staff.
Occupational Fatigue and Its Relationship with Musculoskeletal Disorders and Heat Stress among the Workers of Summer Crops in Southeast Iran in 2021
Authors: Sharif Sanaz , Hasheminejad Naser , Sharifi Hamid , Tahernejad Somayeh , Mohammadian Mostafa 
Published: June 2024

Aims:
This research aimed to evaluate work fatigue and its relationship with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and heat stress (WBGT) among greenhouse workers in Jiroft County, southeast Iran.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was carried out between September 2021 and February 2022 among 150 workers in summer crop greenhouses. Data were collected by a demographic questionnaire, the Swedish occupational fatigue inventory (SOFI-20), and the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ), and wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) was measured as per ISO 7243. The collected data were analyzed by the χ2 test, logistic regression, and multivariable linear regression in the Stata 17.0 software.

Results:
The results showed a higher total fatigue score among the studied workers (mean = 100.71 out of 200). Among the fatigue dimensions, the three dimensions of lack of energy, physical discomfort, and physical exertion had the highest scores of 27.28, 26.71, and 25.71, respectively. The highest rate of MSD prevalence was in the back (54.7%), neck (50.7%), and shoulders (49.3%). Based on ISO 7243, the mean WBGT was beyond the allowed level for most tasks for greenhouse workers. There was a statistically significant relationship between occupational fatigue with MSDs and WBGT.

Conclusion:
Given the relatively high score reported for fatigue and its relationship with MSDs and heat stress, it is recommended to conduct further and more applied studies to investigate the approaches to alleviating heat stress and physical ergonomic risk factors in greenhouses in this occupational group.
Outcomes and Complications of Donor and Recipient of Renal Transplantation: An Experience from Tertiary Care Center – A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Punia Sahil , Sadasukhi Nripesh , Sadasukhi Trilok Chand , Gupta Hoti Lal , Gupta Manish , Sharma Ashish 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Kidney transplantation has emerged as a preferred method for improving survival and quality of life for patients with end-stage renal disease in comparison with dialysis. Living donation provides a better patient and allograft survival when compared with deceased-donor transplantation, specifically when the live donor transplant is accomplished before the onset of dialysis. The present study aimed to create and add data for the long-term survival, complications occurred in donor as well as in recipient both in single study in India.

Materials and Methods:
We performed a retrospective cohort study of all adult patients undergoing renal transplantation. Data on kidney transplantation and operative variables, as well as follow-up data, were obtained retrospectively from the Internal Medical Record Department. The primary outcomes examined were both donor and recipient and graft survival after 2 years and 5 years. Secondary outcomes included the presence of acute rejection and delayed graft function, as well as the rate of postoperative complications.

Results:
A total of 500 donors and 500 recipients participated in the research overall. The mean warm ischemia time was 3.1 ± 1.4 min and cold ischemia time was 44.3 ± 23.4 min. Surgical complications were encountered in 32.8% (164/500) of patients. The 2-year and 5-year graft survival rates were 90.2% and 84.8%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Our patients’ rate of complications was not greater than that noted in the previous publications. A thorough and meticulous medical assessment of the donor and recipient is required, as well as a rigorous and responsible evaluation of the indications.
Pediatric Transplant Experience from a Single Center in South India
Authors: Siddini Vishwanath , Khan Mohammed Fahad , Ravitej S. , Babu Kishore , Ballal H. Sudarshan 
Published: June 2024

Background and Objective:
Pediatric renal transplantation is a life-saving procedure for children with end-stage renal disease. This study aims to analyze the outcomes of pediatric renal transplants at our center, focusing on patient demographics, donor sources, surgical techniques, posttransplant complications, graft survival, and rejection rates.

Methodology:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 43 pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Data on recipient age, gender, donor type, pretransplant dialysis, donor characteristics, surgical techniques, native kidney disease, induction therapy, maintenance immunosuppression, posttransplant infections, graft survival, and rejection episodes were collected and analyzed.

Results:
We performed 43 pediatric kidney transplants in total. The average age was 13.7 years (±3.81), with 8 (18.6%) being under the age of ten, 11 (25.6%) being between the ages of eleven and fourteen, and 24 (55.8%) being between the ages of fifteen and eighteen. There were 43 recipients: 27 males and 16 females. There were four (9.3%) deceased donor renal transplants and 39 (90.7%) live-related kidney transplants. Right internal iliac artery and right external iliac vein anastomosis were found in 32 (74.4%) cases, right external iliac artery and right external iliac vein in 9 (20.9%), right common iliac artery and right common iliac vein in 1 (2.3%), and right common iliac and right internal iliac in 1 (2.3%). Induction was used in 27 recipients (62.8%). Graft survival was seen at 1 year in 42 (97.7%) patients and at 5 years in 34 (81%). Biopsy-proven rejection occurred in 22 (51.2%) of the recipients, with antibody-mediated rejection occurring in 8 (18.6%) and cellular rejection occurring in 22 (51.2%). Graft loss was caused by acute cellular rejection in three (23.1%) cases, graft pyelonephritis in 2 (15.4%), and an unknown cause in 2 (15.4%). There were no significant connections with antibody-mediated rejection.

Conclusion:
Our study provides valuable insights into the outcomes of pediatric renal transplantation at our center. Despite the challenges of graft rejection and posttransplant infections, favorable graft survival rates were achieved. Cellular rejection emerged as a significant risk factor for graft survival, highlighting the importance of effective immunosuppressive management. Our findings emphasize the need for close follow-up, infection control measures, and individualized immunosuppressive strategies to optimize long-term outcomes in pediatric renal transplant recipients. Further research is warranted to refine protocols and address the specific needs of this vulnerable patient population.
Admission and respiratory outcomes of late preterm infants in the setting of high cesarean section deliveries: A single center retrospective analysis
Authors: Khasawneh Wasim , Sindiani Amer , Alsheyab Safa 
Published: June 2024

Background
Late preterm infants (LPIs) account for most preterm births and are at high risk of developing prematurity-related morbidities. Due to the increasing rate of cesarean section delivery, it is expected that more LPIs with respiratory complications will be admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU).

Objectives
To assess the rate of NICU admission and respiratory complications among LPIs and to compare their outcomes based on the mode of delivery.

Patients and Methods
The list of all LPIs who were admitted in the period 2015–2020 was reviewed. Data collected about demographic characteristics, delivery information, NICU admission, respiratory complications, respiratory support, length of stay, and readmission. Infants were classified according to their mode of delivery into: vaginal delivery group (VD) and cesarean section group (CS).

Results
Out of 2236 LPIs included, 321 (14%) were born at 34-week gestation, 1137 (51%) were males. 1243 (56%) were admitted to NICU. The CS group comprised 77% (1719) while the VD group 23% (517).
Compared to the VD group, infants in the CS group had a higher rate of NICU admission (57.1% vs. 50.7%, P = 0.006), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (22% vs. 17%, P = 0.000), and transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) (17% vs. 11%, P = 0.019). Also, more babies in the CS group received CPAP (36.2% vs. 24.6%, P = 0.000) and surfactant therapy (6.6% vs. 4.6%, P = 0.02). After logistic regression analysis, CS remains an independent factor for NICU admission (OR 1.3, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.1–1.6, P = 0.01), respiratory complications (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.2, P = 0.001), CPAP requirement (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3–2, P = 0.000), and a longer length of stay > 3 days (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2–1.8, P = 0.000).

Conclusion
The rate of CS delivery among late preterm gestation is very high and alarming. CS delivery of LPI increases the rate of NICU admission, respiratory complications, and the need for respiratory support.
Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy and Patient Compliance of Interdental Floss as an Adjunct to Toothbrushing for Control of Dental Plaque: A Comparative Study
Authors: Chipre Sanyukta Rajesh , Shah Monali 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Good oral hygiene is vital for overall health, and interdental floss is a key tool for maintaining a healthy mouth by removing plaque and food particles from between teeth. However, the success of floss depends on patient compliance, which is crucial for its effectiveness. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy and patient compliance after dental health education of interdental floss when used alongside toothbrushing for dental plaque control.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective observational comparative study was conducted, involving 52 participants randomly divided into toothbrush and dental floss (TB + DF) and toothbrush (TB) groups. The participants underwent professional prophylaxis, and interdental floss education was provided to the TB + DF group.

Results:
Results showed significant differences between the groups at 7 days and 1 month, favoring the floss group in terms of approximal plaque index. However, the toothbrush group exhibited better outcomes for interdental bleeding at 7 days. Patients’ perceptions of cleaning capacity, comfort, and Visual Analog Scale scores were also evaluated. While no significant difference was observed in cleaning capacity perception at 7 days, the floss group showed significantly better results at 1 month. Comfort favored the floss group at both time points.

Conclusion:
This study highlights the importance of dental health education in improving compliance and underscores the efficacy of interdental floss in conjunction with toothbrushing for comprehensive plaque control.
Grahonmada or Bhutonmada: Ayurvedic Psychiatric and Neuropsychiatric Conditions
Authors: Gupta Kshama , Mamidi Prasad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBhutonmadaorGrahonmadais a psychiatric illness explained in classicalAyurvedictexts. It is characterized by unknown or idiopathic manifestation. It is an underexplored entity inAyurvedic psychiatryover the years with lack of scientific evidence.Bhutonmadais often misunderstood and surrounded by several myths and misconceptions such as “BhutasorGrahasare demons and they afflict an individual and produce a psychiatric illness.” Despite the growing recognition of psychological health as a global concern, there remains a significant scarcity of research available onBhutonmada/Grahonmada. The aim and objective of the present narrative review is to summarize and synthesize the existing research works onBhutonmada/Grahonmadaand also to evaluate the overall state of knowledge and practice onGrahonmada/Bhutonmada. AlthoughBhutonmadais considered an unknown or idiopathic entity, various predisposing (vulnerable personality traits), precipitating (Chidra Kalaas), and perpetuating factors (PragnaparadhaandKarma) are described inAyurvedictexts.Bhutonmadashave a wide variety of clinical presentations and they represent various psychiatric and neuropsychiatric conditions.Bhutonmadasare not demonic possessions; rather, they do represent various psychiatric illnesses and further research is required in this direction.