bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of PCB126, 77, and 153 on the intracellular mobilization of Ca+2 in bovine granulosa and luteal cells after FSH and LH surge in vitro
Authors: Mlynarczuk J. , Kowalik M. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of persistent environmental pollutants that impair cattle reproduction. Among other effects, PCBs can disturb the intracellular mobilization of Ca+2 in several cell types. Hence, it is possible that they disrupt the transduction of intracellular signals generated from gonadotropin (FSH/LH) receptors. In steroidogenic ovarian cells, a defect in Ca+2 mobilization may have a detrimental influence on two important processes: the secretion of steroids (E2 or/and P4) and their morphological and functional differentiation. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of PCBs: 126 (dioxin-like) 77 (ambivalent) and 153 (estrogen-like) and a mixture of PCBs (Aroclor 1248) on these processes. Bovine granulosa and luteal cells were incubated for 72 hrs with PCBs (100 ng/ml), followed by Fura 2AM dye, and the fluctuations in intracellular Ca+2 mobilization after FSH/LH treatment were determined using an inverted microscope coupled with a CCD camera. The intensity and area of fluorescence excited by UV light were detected in the green spectrum of visible light. Aroclor 1248 and PCBs 153 and 77 significantly decreased (P < 0.01-0.001) the effect of FSH on intracellular Ca+2 mobilization in granulosa cells. In luteal cells, the most effective PCB on this process was PCB 77. The results revealed adverse effects of PCBs on the mobilization of intracellular Ca+2. Moreover, the estrogen- like congeners were found to more effectively disturb this process than the dioxin-like PCB 126. Hence, it is possible for PCBs to have a negative influence on reproductive processes by affecting calcium mobilization.
Treatment of cyathostominosis with ivermectin and its influence on selected blood biochemical parameters
Authors: Raś-Noryńska M. , Sokół R. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Infections caused by nematodes of the subfamily Cyathostominae affect nearly 100% of pastured horses. Despite of an absence of pronounced symptoms, cyathostominosis can have very serious health consequences. The aim of this study was to monitor changes in total protein levels and concentrations of selected microelements and macroelements in the blood of horses before and after ivermectin treatment. In healthy horses infected by the studied parasites, total blood protein levels were below the physiological norm, but iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) concentrations were within normal limits. Ivermectin treatment reduced the number of excreted parasite eggs (FEC) by 100%, and dead parasites were observed in feces. Decreased iron (Fe) concentrations and an insignificant increase in total blood protein levels were reported. A progressive decline in iron levels was observed when parasite eggs reappeared in feces 60 days after treatment. Iron loss takes place as a result of bleeding from the large intestine when adult nematodes affected by the drug are removed from intestine and fourth-stage larvae leave parasitic nodules in the intestinal wall. A drop in iron levels could be an indirect indicator of the severity of cyathostominosis.
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) as an aetiological factor of mastitis in cows
Authors: Bochniarz M. , Wawron W. , Szczubiał M. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine the proportions of individual coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species in clinical and subclinical mastitis. The material consisted of 100 CNS isolates obtained from 223 milk samples collected from cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis. Coagulase- negative staphylococci constituted 44.8% of all isolated microorganisms. CNS were isolated from the mammary gland secretions of 86 cows from farms in the Lublin region (Poland). Clinical mastitis was found in 20 whereas subclinical mastitis in 66 study cows (23.3% and 76.7%, respectively). The symptoms of clinical mastitis were mild. The clinical forms of mastitis concerned mainly the first or second lactation.Subclinical mastitis was most commonly observed during the second lactation. Four CNS species (S. xylosus, S. chromogenes, S. haemolyticus and S. sciuri ) were isolated from clinical and subclinical mastitis. S. xylosus was the commonest CNS species isolated from cows with clinical mastitis whereas S. chromogenes was the most prevalent one in subclinical mastitis cases. The three CNS species (S. warneri, S. hominis and S. saprophyticus) caused only subclinical mastitis.
First report on equine herpesvirus type 4 isolation in Poland – evaluation of diagnostic tools
Authors: Ploszay G. , Rola J. , Larska M. , Zmudzinski J.F. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Upper respiratory tract infections are still a serious problem in breeding and racing horses. The most common virological factors are EHV1 and EHV4, which are both a major cause of secondary infections. High EHV4 seroprevalence in Polish horses indicates a high transmission rate of this pathogen among horses and increases the need for proper diagnostics. The aim of this study was to develop a reliable laboratory diagnostic scheme for upper respiratory tract infections and to describe the first isolation of EHV4 in Poland. Twenty one nasal swabs collected from young horses under the age of 2 years showing clinical signs of equine rhinopneumonitis were tested with duplex PCR for simultaneous detection and differentiation between EHV1/EHV4. Positive samples were then subjected to virus isolation in Vero cells. Additionally, real-time PCR was developed which allowed viral copy numbers to be quantified and enabled defining that a DNA load below 103 copies per 1 ml of the sample reflected latent infection or decline of the disease. However, the sensitivity of traditional PCR proved to be sufficient in the diagnostic of the lytic infections and allowed identification of 10 EHV4 infected horses from which 3 strains were successfully isolated in cell culture. Another four EHV4 positive results were obtained by real-time PCR; but, a high Ct (threshold cycle) and a low virus DNA copy number suggested a latent infection. This report describes the first successful isolation of EHV4 from Polish horses.
Characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter isolated from pig and cattle carcasses in Poland
Authors: Wieczorek K. , Osek J. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
A total of 70 Campylobacter isolates recovered from 114 cattle and 177 pig carcasses at the slaughterhouse level were characterized by the presence of 7 putative virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility using the microbroth dilution method and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The prevalence of Campylobacter was 14.9% and 29.9% in cattle and pig samples, respectively. The majority of cattle carcasses were contaminated with C. jejuni (64.7%), whereas pig carcasses were mainly positive for C. coli (77.4%). Most of the strain, irrespective of origin, possessed at least one pathogenic gene marker tested, mainly flaA and cadF genes responsible for motility and adherence to host epithelial cells, respectively. Several isolates also possessed the cdtA and cdtB genes responsible for the production of cytolethal distending toxin. Antibiotic profiling showed that campylobacters were most frequently resistant to quinolones (nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin, total 57.1% of isolates) followed by streptomycin (52.9%, only C. coli strains) and tetracycline (51.4%). Resistance to erythromycin was demonstrated only in 4 C. coli strains of pig origin. None of the isolates, irrespective of origin, was resistant to gentamycin. Multi-resistance patterns, defined as resistance to antimicrobials of at least two different classes, were observed among 65.4% of the isolates, mainly C. coli recovered from pig carcasses.
An electrophoretic characterization of iron-transporting proteins in Mannheimia haemolytica A1
Authors: Puchalski A. , Urban-Chmiel R. , Dec M. , Wernicki A. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIron-regulated outer membrane proteins (IROMPs) in Mannheimia haemolytica A1, which function as a receptor for complexes containing iron ions, are induced by iron deficiency in the growth environment of the bacteria. Densitometric analysis of SDS-PAGE separation showed expression of IROMPs of 71, 77, and 100 kDa in the case of bacteria grown in a medium with 2,2-dipyridyl. The electrophoregrams obtained in 2-DE separations confirmed the presence of protein fractions with these molecular weights and isoelectric points ranging from 5.4 to 6.4. The results of the study also confirmed the ability of M. haemolytica A1 proteins involved in iron uptake to induce a protective immune response. In Western blot with serum from convalescent calves naturally infected with M. haemolytica A1, distinct reactions were obtained for IROMPs of 71, 77, and 100 kDa.
The effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on the proliferative response of blood lymphocytes and the phagocytic activity of blood monocytes and granulocytes in calves
Authors: Wójcik R. , Małaczewska J. , Siwicki A.K. , Miciński J. , Zwierzchowski G. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HMB on selected indicators of immunity in calves. The experiment was performed on 14 calves aged 30±2 days, divided into two equal groups of control (group I) and experimental (group II) animals. The feed administered to experimental group calves was supplemented with HMB at 40 mg/kg BW, whereas control calves were administered standard farm-made feed without supplementation. Blood was sampled from the jugular vein immediately before the experiment (day 0) and on experimental days 15, 30 and 60 to determine the following parameters of immunity: proliferative response of LPS- and ConA-stimulated lymphocytes (MTT), respiratory burst activity (RBA) and potential killing activity (PKA) of phagocytes. The results revealed a significant increase in RBA and MTT values in calves administered HMB in comparison with the control group throughout the experiment. In the group of animals receiving HMB, an increase in PKA values was noted only on day 30.
Banking Governance and Risk: The Case of Tunisian Conventional Banks
Authors: Rachdi Houssem , Trabelsi Mohamed Ali , Trad Naama 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Banks are in the business of taking risks. The 3 pillars of Basel II capital accord highlight the crucial role of informative risk disclosures in enhancing market discipline. The specific role and responsibilities of the board of directors or supervisory boards in banking institutions continue, however, to fuel debate. Findings of the literature are often inconclusive. The main contribution of this study is examining how board characteristics affect risk in banking industry. We explore this relationship by using many econometric approaches. The empirical analysis based on a sample of 11 Tunisian conventional banks over the period 2001-2011 reports the following results when using GLS RE: small and dual functions boards are associated with more insolvency risk but have no significant effect on credit and global risks. The presence of independent directors within the board generates an increase in global risk but has no significant effect on insolvency and credit risks. A lower CEO ownership has no significant effect with all measures of risks. Finally, banking capitalization is associated with more insolvency risk, and small size banks assume lower credit risk. These findings are performed by using a GMM in system approach
FACTUAL APPROACH IN DECISION MAKING – THE PREREQUISITE OF SUCCESS IN QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Authors: Kučerová Marta , Škůrková Lestyánszka Katarína 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In quality management system as well as in other managerial systems, effective decisions must be always based on the data and information analysis, i.e. based on facts, in accordance with the factual approach principle in quality management. It is therefore necessary to measure and collect the data and information about processes. The article presents the results of a conducted survey, which was focused on application of factual approach in decision making. It also offers suggestions for improvements of application of the principle in business practice. This article was prepared using the research results of VEGA project No. 1/0229/08 “Perspectives of the quality management development in relation to the requirements of market in the Slovak Republic”.
BEGA – ANDROID-BASED BEERGAME SIMULATION SOFTWARE FOR INTERACTIVE TRAINING AND INNOVATION
Authors: Lestyánszka Škůrková Katarína , Szander Norina 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The supply chain management challenges and inventory holding problems can easily be demonstrated by the widely known BeerGame simulation. In the Szabó-Szoba R&D Laboratory, we developed an android-based software application for tablets and smart phones for the purpose of having an adaptable, entertaining and effective program which can provide a real life experience to the participants about the nature of the bullwhip effect. Having an appropriate and comprehensive performance measurement system with the critical parameters and KPIs is inevitable for finding the right solutions - We used four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard method. The innovative force of our research is based on the trainings: the discussion on outcomes and the team learning. The purpose of the current development is to build a new feature in the software: an artificial client can substitute one or more players in the supply chain, which makes decisions by using genetic algorithms.
Calreticulin affects cell adhesiveness through differential phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1
Authors: Czarnowski Arthur , Papp Sylvia , Szaraz Peter , Opas Michal 
Published: January 2014

AbstractCellular adhesion to the underlying substratum is regulated through numerous signaling pathways. It has been suggested that insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is involved in some of these pathways, via association with and activation of transmembrane integrins. Calreticulin, as an important endoplasmic reticulum-resident, calcium-binding protein with a chaperone function, plays an obvious role in proteomic expression. Our previous work showed that calreticulin mediates cell adhesion not only by affecting protein expression but also by affecting the state of regulatory protein phosphorylation, such as that of c-src. Here, we demonstrate that calreticulin affects the abundance of IRS-1 such that the absence of calreticulin is paralleled by a decrease in IRS-1 levels and the unregulated overexpression of calreticulin is accompanied by an increase in IRS-1 levels. These changes in the abundance of calreticulin and IRS-1 are accompanied by changes in cell-substratum adhesiveness and phosphorylation, such that increases in the expression of calreticulin and IRS-1 are paralleled by an increase in focal contact-based cellsubstratum adhesiveness, and a decrease in the expression of these proteins brings about a decrease in cell-substratum adhesiveness. Wild type and calreticulin-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were cultured and the IRS-1 isoform profile was assessed. Differences in morphology and motility were also quantified. While no substantial differences in the speed of locomotion were found, the directionality of cell movement was greatly promoted by the presence of calreticulin. Calreticulin expression was also found to have a dramatic effect on the phosphorylation state of serine 636 of IRS-1, such that phosphorylation of IRS-1 on serine 636 increased radically in the absence of calreticulin. Most importantly, treatment of cells with the RhoA/ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, which among its many effects also inhibited serine 636 phosphorylation of IRS-1, had profound effects on cell-substratum adhesion, in that it suppressed focal contacts, induced extensive close contacts, and increased the strength of adhesion. The latter effect, while counterintuitive, can be explained by the close contacts comprising labile bonds but in large numbers. In addition, the lability of bonds in close contacts would permit fast locomotion. An interesting and novel finding is that Y-27632 treatment of MEFs releases them from contact inhibition of locomotion, as evidenced by the invasion of a cell’s underside by the thin lamellae and filopodia of a cell in close apposition.
New Axymyiidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Mesozoic of East Siberia
Authors: Blagoderov Vladimir A. , Lukashevich Elena D. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
The new species of Axymyiidae Juraxymyia krzeminskii sp. n. and Sinaxymyia szadziewskii sp. n. from the Lower Cretaceous beds of Transbaikalia and Juraxymyia evae sp. n. from the Lower Cretaceous beds (Upper Jurassic not excluded) of Yakutia are described.
The oldest fossil biting midge (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Purbeck Limestone Group (Lower Cretaceous) of southern Great Britain
Authors: Borkent Art , Coram Robert A. , Jarzembowski Edmund A. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
The oldest fossil Ceratopogonidae, Archiaustroconops besti sp. n., dated at 142 million years old, is described from the Purbeck Limestone Group of Dorset, southern England, United Kingdom. Represented by a single wing, it belongs to a lineage within the family, indicating that the fossil subfamily Lebanoculicoidinae, the earliest lineage, may be expected in even earlier deposits. The wing, like those of all early fossil Ceratopogonidae is small, less than 1 mm in length.
Description of a new species Eopseudopomyza szadziewskii sp. n. and redescription of E. kuehnei HENNIG, 1971 from Eocene Baltic amber (Diptera: Pseudopomyzidae)
Authors: Hoffeins Christel , Woźnica Andrzej J. 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
Eopseudopomyza szadziewskii sp. n. is described from Baltic amber. A series of Eopseudopomyza kuehnei is examined and the male is described for the first time. A key to the fossil species is presented. The taxonomic position and relationship of the genus Eopseudopomyza HENNIG, 1971 within the Pseudopomyzidae is discussed.
Morphology of the first instar larvae of two species of Taxigramma PERRIS, 1852 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae: Miltogramminae)
Authors: Szpila Krzysztof , Pape Thomas 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
The first instar larva is described for two species of the kleptoparasitic miltogrammine genus Taxigramma PERRIS: T. albina (ROHDENDORF) and T. karakulensis (ENDERLEIN). Using a combination of light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the following morphological structures are documented: pseudocephalon, antennal complex, maxillary palpus, facial mask, modifications of thoracic and abdominal segments, anal region, spiracular field, posterior spiracles and details of the cephaloskeleton. The first instar larvae of T. albina and T. karakulensis exhibit substantial modification of their morphology by presence of large antennal dome, partial reduction of the antennal basal ring, lack of oral ridges, lack of dorsal bridge, strong modification of spinulation and lack of hair-like spines around the spiracular field. These character states may be treated as apomorphies in comparison with the plesiomorphic ground plan defined for larvae of saprophagous calyptrate flies.
Institute of clean technologies for mining and utilization of raw materials for energy use – a new potential of research in Ostrava
Authors: Dombek Václav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
A year ago, in Ostrava, one of the major RDI (Research and Development for Innovation) projects was initiated in the Moravian-Silesian Region, called the Institute of Clean Technologies for Mining and Utilization of Raw Materials for Energy Use. During the first year, many of the top and often unique research laboratories and workplaces were built with a budget of over CZK200m, such as “Workplace of Electron Microprobe”, „Workplace of Tomographic Methods“, “Workplace of Hydrochemistry and Hydrobiology”, “Workplace of Thermal, Hydraulic and Mechanical (THM) Processes in Rocks”, “Workplace of Water Jet”, “Isotope and GCTOF Laboratory” and many others. This laid the basis for various research programmes with truly extraordinary extent and impact not only on the Czech industry but also economy of other EU member states.
Application of discriminate analysis to prediction of company future economic development
Authors: Sousedíková Radmila , Dvořáček Jaroslav , Savič Igor 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The paper takes into account applications of discriminate analysis as regards prediction of future economic development of companies. An assumption of multivariate normality of discriminators has been tested and outliers identified. An outlier reduction of original data files brings data distribution closer to multivariate normality, and substantially improves discriminate function classification abilities
POLESKIE ITINERARIUM JÓZEFA IGNACEGO KRASZEWSKIEGO / JÓZEF IGNACY KRASZEWSKI’S ITINERARY IN POLESIE
Authors: Chomiuk Aleksandra 
Published: January 2014

Summary
This is an analysis of the representation of the region of Polesie in Jozef Ignacy Kraszewski’s Reminiscences of Volhynia, Polesie and Lithuania. The analysis embraces both the topographical and ethnographic content of this 19th-century survey as well as the functioning of its narrator in his double role of a reliable observer and a creator of a certain vision of the represented world.
PÓŹNY ANTYK – DWIE SYNTEZY LITERACKIE (AECJUSZ, OSTATNI RZYMIANIN TEODORA PARNICKIEGO I PRZEMIJA POSTAĆ ŚWIATA HANNY MALEWSKIEJ) / THE WANING OF CLASSICAL WORLD IN TWO EPIC NOVELS: TEODOR PARNICKI’S ÆTIUS, THE LAST OF THE ROMANS AND HANNA MALEWSKA’S THE FASHION OF THIS WORLD PASSETH AWAY
Authors: Hajduk Jacek 
Published: January 2014

Summary
This is a comparative study of two 20th-century historical novels set in the late antiquity, Teodor Parnicki’s Ætius, the Last of the Romans and Hanna Malewska’s The Fashion of This World Passeth Away. Drawing their inspiration from St Augustine’s De civitate dei, their authors found their fictions on a clear and coherent historiosophicsystem. Such an approach to the past seems to be characteristic feature of the modernist historical novel.
Village et urbanisation. Problèmes sociologiques
Authors: Rambaud Placide 
Published: January 2014

Village and Urbanization: Sociological Problems.
After discussing the different connotations of the term "urbanization" (e.g. population size and density, diffusion of attitudes and behavior, differentiation of social groups, etc.), the author defines it as a process of differentiation within a society. Three kinds of prescientific ideologies of urbanization may influence town-village relations, and because they may deform any analysis of the situation, they must be understood. Urbanization is considered in terms of space and includes all the complementary or conflictual relations existing between two socially differentiated groups of two spatial units, the town and the village. Urbanization can be economic (affecting production, exchange and consumption), cultural (such as the school system, the "folklorization" of local cultures) or political (the remodeling of territorial units: the commune, the department, the region). The creation and modeling of a space where a group can express itself is called urbanism; at the village level, the form it previously took is being changed or copied and deprived of its functions by urbanization. Finally, the author presents a typology of urbanization processes and characterizes urbanization not only by diversification, domination and organic and functional solidarity but also by development. Village urbanization is only part of town development, the constant reorganization of social spaces in all their dimensions.