bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic microarchitectural adaptation using machine learning
Authors: Dubach Christophe , Jones Timothy M. , Bonilla Edwin V. 
Published: January 2014

Adaptive microarchitectures are a promising solution for designing high-performance, power-efficient microprocessors. They offer the ability to tailor computational resources to the specific requirements of different programs or program phases. They have the potential to adapt the hardware cost-effectively at runtime to any application’s needs. However, one of the key challenges is how to dynamically determine the best architecture configuration at any given time, for any new workload.
This article proposes a novel control mechanism based on a predictive model for microarchitectural adaptivity control. This model is able to efficiently control adaptivity by monitoring the behaviour of an application’s different phases at runtime. We show that by using this model on SPEC 2000, we double the energy/performance efficiency of the processor when compared to the best static configuration tuned for the whole benchmark suite. This represents 74% of the improvement available if we know the best microarchitecture for each program phase ahead of time. In addition, we present an extended analysis of the best configurations found and show that the overheads associated with the implementation of our scheme have a negligible impact on performance and power.
MicroRNA-150 inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis by targeting the chemokine receptor CCR6, in advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Ito Mitsugu , Teshima Kazuaki , Ikeda Sho , Kitadate Akihiro , Watanabe Atsushi , Nara Miho , Yamashita Junsuke , Ohshima Koichi , Sawada Kenichi , Tagawa Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2014

Key Points
Aberrantly diminished expression of miR-150 allows advanced CTCL to invade multiple organs with upregulation of CCR6. MiR-150 inhibits IL-22-CCL20-CCR6 autocrine signaling in advanced CTCL.
Intergenerational and intrafamilial phenotypic variability in 22q11.2 Deletion syndrome subjects
Authors: Cirillo Emilia , Giardino Giuliana , Gallo Vera , Puliafito Pamela , Azzari Chiara , Bacchetta Rosa , Cardinale Fabio , Cicalese Maria Pia , Consolini Rita , Martino Silvana , Martire Baldassarre , Molinatto Cristina , Plebani Alessandro , Scarano Gioacchino , Soresina Annarosa , Cancrini Caterina , Rossi Paolo , Digilio Maria Cristina , Pignata Claudio 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Background
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a common microdeletion syndrome, which occurs in approximately 1:4000 births. Familial autosomal dominant recurrence of the syndrome is detected in about 8-28% of the cases. Aim of this study is to evaluate the intergenerational and intrafamilial phenotypic variability in a cohort of familial cases carrying a 22q11.2 deletion.

Methods
Thirty-two 22q11.2DS subjects among 26 families were enrolled.

Results
Second generation subjects showed a significantly higher number of features than their transmitting parents (212 vs 129, P = 0.0015). Congenital heart defect, calcium-phosphorus metabolism abnormalities, developmental and speech delay were more represented in the second generation (P < 0.05). Ocular disorders were more frequent in the parent group. No significant difference was observed for the other clinical variables. Intrafamilial phenotypic heterogeneity was identified in the pedigrees. In 23/32 families, a higher number of features were found in individuals from the second generation and a more severe phenotype was observed in almost all of them, indicating the worsening of the phenotype over generations. Both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms may be involved in the phenotypic variability.

Conclusions
Second generation subjects showed a more complex phenotype in comparison to those from the first generation. Both ascertainment bias related to patient selection or to the low rate of reproductive fitness of adults with a more severe phenotype, and several not well defined molecular mechanism, could explain intergenerational and intrafamilial phenotypic variability in this syndrome.
A case of masked toxic adenoma in a patient with non-thyroidal illness
Authors: Cho Eun Ae , Yoon Jee Hee , Kim Hee Kyung , Kang Ho-Cheol 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Background
Non-thyroidal illness (NTI) refers to changes in thyroid hormone levels in critically ill patients in the absence of primary hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid dysfunction, and these abnormalities usually resolve after clinical recovery. However, NTI can be accompanied by primary thyroid dysfunction. We report herein a case of a woman with NTI accompanied by primary hyperthyroidism.

Case presentation
A 52-year-old female was admitted to the intensive care unit with heart failure and atrial fibrillation. She had a longstanding thyroid nodule, and a thyroid function test revealed low levels of triiodothyronine and free thyroxine as well as undetectable thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). She was diagnosed with NTI, and her TSH level began to recover but not completely at discharge. The thyroid function test was repeated after 42 months to reveal primary hyperthyroidism, and a thyroid scan confirmed a toxic nodule.

Conclusion
This case suggests that although NTI was diagnosed, primary hyperthyroidism should be considered as another possible diagnosis if TSH is undetectable. Thyroid function tests should be repeated after clinical recovery from acute illness.
Effects of Eleutheroside B and Eleutheroside E on activity of cytochrome P450 in rat liver microsomes
Authors: Guo Sixun , Liu Yan , Lin Zhiping , Tai Sheng , Yin Shuo , Liu Gaofeng 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBackgroundChemicals of herbal products may cause unexpected toxicity or adverse effect by the potential for alteration of the activity of CYP450 when co-administered with other drugs.Eleutherococcus senticosus(ES), has been widely used as a traditional herbal medicine and popular herbal dietary supplements, and often co-administered with many other drugs. The main bioactive constituents of ES were considered to be eleutherosides including eleutheroside B (EB) and eleutheroside E (EE). This study was to investigate the effects of EB and EE on CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 in rat liver microsomesin vitro.MethodProbe drugs of tolbutamide (TB), dextromethorphan (DM), chlorzoxazone (CLZ) and testosterone (TS) as well as eleutherosides of different concentrations were added to incubation systems of rat liver microsomesin vitro. After incubation, validated HPLC methods were used to quantify relevant metabolites.ResultsThe results suggested that EB and EE exhibited weak inhibition against the activity of CYP2C9 and CYP2E1, but no effects on CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 activity. The IC50values for EB and EE were calculated to be 193.20 μM and 188.36 μM for CYP2E1, 595.66 μM and 261.82 μM for CYP2C9, respectively. Kinetic analysis showed that inhibitions of CYP2E1 by EB and EE were best fit to mixed-type with Ki value of 183.95 μM and 171.63 μM, respectively.ConclusionsThese results indicate that EB and EE may inhibit the metabolism of drugs metabolized via CYP2C9 and CYP2E1, and have the potential to increase the toxicity of the drugs.
The twisted Daehee numbers and polynomials
Authors: Park Jin-Woo , Rim Seog-Hoon , Kwon Jongkyum 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
We consider the Witt-type formula for the n th twisted Daehee numbers and polynomials and investigate some properties of those numbers and polynomials. In particular, the n th twisted Daehee numbers are closely related to higher-order Bernoulli numbers and Bernoulli numbers of the second kind.
Uniformly asymptotic stability of almost periodic solutions for a competitive system with impulsive perturbations
Authors: Tan Ronghua , Liu Weifang , Wang Qinglong , Liu Zhijun 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Impulsive differential models play an important role in modeling population systems. In this article, we consider an almost periodic competitive model subject to impulsive perturbations and establish sufficient conditions for the uniformly asymptotic stability of a unique positive almost periodic solution for the system. The example and its numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the feasibility of our main results.
Tuberculous peritonitis in pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Lahbabi Mounia , Brini Jihane , Massaoudi Khalid 
Published: January 2014

Abstract

Introduction
Tuberculous peritonitis is one of the least common forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. In the literature, few cases in pregnancy have been previously published. Tuberculous peritonitis in pregnancy is a diagnostic challenge, especially in the absence of lung involvement. It mimics other diseases and clinical presentation is usually non-specific, which may lead to diagnostic delay and development of complications.

Case presentation
We report here a new case of tuberculous peritonitis that occurred in a 31-year-old Caucasian pregnant woman at 22 weeks' gestation. She was complaining of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. These symptoms appeared 6 months prior to presentation. Initially, they were attributed to pregnancy, but they progressively became more severe during subsequent weeks. A laparoscopy showed the presence of yellow-white nodules on the peritoneal surface and a biopsy demonstrated caseous necrotic granuloma. She made a good physical recovery after being placed on antituberculous chemotherapy and gave birth to a healthy male neonate of 3100g at 37 weeks' gestation by vaginal delivery.

Conclusions
Extreme vigilance should be used when dealing with unexplained abdominal symptoms to ensure timely diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis. Diagnosis often requires a histopathological examination. In these patients early diagnosis with early antituberculous therapy are essential to prevent obstetrical and neonatal morbidity.
Multiple gene-to-gene interactions in children with sepsis: a combination of five gene variants predicts outcome of life-threatening sepsis
Authors: Jabandziev Petr , Smerek Michal , Michalek Jaroslav , Fedora Michal , Kosinova Lucie , Hubacek Jaroslav A , Michalek Jaroslav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of the study was to identify the dependency structure of genetic variants that can influence the outcome for paediatric patients with sepsis.

Methods
We evaluated the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms for five genes: bactericidal permeability increasing protein (BPI; rs5743507), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP; rs2232618), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4; rs4986790), heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70; rs2227956), and interleukin 6 (IL-6; rs1800795) in 598 children aged 0 to 19 years that were admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit with fever, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock, or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. A control group of 529 healthy individuals was included. Multi-way contingency tables were constructed and statistically evaluated using log-linear models. Typical gene combinations were found for both study groups.

Results
Detailed analyses of the five studied gene profiles revealed significant differences in sepsis survival. Stratification into high-risk, intermediate-risk, and low-risk groups of paediatric patients can predict the severity of sepsis.

Conclusions
Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms for five genes can be used as a predictor of sepsis outcome in children.
Communicating with people with intellectual disabilities: a guide for general psychiatrists
Authors: Boardman Liz , Bernal Jane , Hollins Sheila 
Published: January 2014

SummaryGood communication is central to psychiatric consultation. It informs assessment, diagnosis and treatment, and is an important part of empowering people to take more control of their own mental health. But active listening and personally tailored explanations may require additional skills and may need to be practised in the context of ethical and legal frameworks. In this article we consider the additional impairments that occur in people with intellectual disabilities who use psychiatric services and describe practical steps that can be taken by clinicians and service providers to overcome these impairments, to make reasonable adjustments and to ensure that patients obtain maximum benefit from services.
Interprofessional education in mental health services: learning together for better team working
Authors: Kinnair Daniel , Anderson Elizabeth , van Diepen Henderikus , Poyser Cath 
Published: January 2014

SummaryInterprofessional education, learning which brings together different professional groups, helps to prepare practitioners for effective team-based collaborative practice and is now included in all undergraduate training programmes in the health professions. We explore the merits of team-based interprofessional learning, drawing on learning theory and mental health policy. We endorse the use of a practice-based interprofessional education model involving patients in which students experience the complexity of team working and the clinical team gain a more detailed analysis of team processes, which can enhance the quality of patient care. The model has been replicated for undergraduate education in mental healthcare and could easily be used for postgraduate staff. Interprofessional education at postgraduate level could foster the ongoing team-based reflective learning needed to enable mental health services in the UK to adapt to the dramatic changes both in their organisation and in the roles and responsibilities of individual professions.
Callosal morphology in schizophrenia: what can shape tell us about function and illness?
Authors: Walterfang Mark , Velakoulis Dennis 
Published: January 2014

SummaryExamination of the corpus callosum provides a window to cortical brain change in brain disorders. Combining volumetric with microstructural analysis allows a greater understanding of the biology underpinning change, and examining callosal structure alongside the structure of the cortical regions it interconnects may allow us to understand the true significance of callosal change in psychiatric disorders.
Uncovering the complexity of Tourette syndrome, little by little
Authors: Gorman Daniel A. , Abi-Jaoude Elia 
Published: January 2014

SummaryThe aetiology of Tourette syndrome is highly complex and still poorly understood. In this issue, using data from a large, prospective, population-based cohort of children, Mathews et al examine associations of pre- and perinatal exposures with Tourette syndrome and other chronic tic disorders. Their work illustrates the importance of environmental factors in the aetiology of neuropsychiatric conditions and the value of replication in science.
Investment Banks' Entry into New IPO Markets and IPO Underpricing
Authors: Fung Simon Yu Kit , Gul Ferdinand A. , Radhakrishnan Suresh 
Published: January 2014

We examine the relationship between investment banks' initial public offering (IPO) market shares and their prior IPO underpricing in the new IPO market for China-based companies on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. To gain expertise in Chinese business practices, investment banks have the incentive to obtain business in this new IPO market by providing high offer prices to the issuer, leading to less underpricing and less money on the table. We hypothesize and find that the less an investment bank underprices China-based company IPOs, the greater its subsequent market share of China-based company IPOs in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Furthermore, this relationship is driven by a bank's initial China-based company IPO deals. These results suggest that in new IPO markets, investment banks' initial market shares, obtained through lower underpricing, help them grow their market shares in later periods, possibly through the expertise gained in the initial business. This paper was accepted by Mary Barth, accounting.
Against ethnomusicology: Language performance and the social impact of ritual performance in Islam
Authors: Frishkopf Michael 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This article argues that ‘music’ is unsatisfactory to reference sounds of ritual performance in Islam, not only because the term has been controversial for Muslims, but especially due to its unremovable pre-existing semantic load centred on non-referential aesthetic sound, resulting in drawing of arbitrary boundaries, incompatibility with local ontologies and under-emphasis on the referential language lying at the core of nearly all Islamic ritual. From the standpoint of the human sciences, this study is interested in the understanding of such rituals as combining metaphysical and social impact. Use of ‘music’ tends to distort and even preclude holistic ritual analysis capable of producing such understanding. As a result, ethnomusicology is misdirected. Theoretically and methodologically, this article develops an alternative concept, ‘language performance’ (LP), including four aspects – syntactic, semantic, sonic and pragmatic – especially designed for Islamic ritual performance. Applying a linguistic theory of communication developed by Jakobson, it shows how LP can be developed as a comprehensive, descriptive framework for comparative ritual analysis, akin to Lomax’s global Cantometrics, but avoiding its flaws through a more flexible design and modest scope, enabling systematic, comparative investigations of performance in Islamic ritual. The article closes with an example of such analysis centred on Sufi rituals in contemporary Egypt.
(Re-)presenting Islam: A comparative study of groups of comedians in the United States of America and France
Authors: Ervine Jonathan 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Over the last few years, humour has provided many Muslims with a means of seeking to establish a positive sense of self-identity, as well as a means of challenging misconceptions and fears of Islam in a wide variety of countries on both sides of the Atlantic. This article brings together two interviews with performers who use comedy to engage with perceptions of Islam and (re-)present Muslims in a generally non-threatening and everyday context. It compares and contrasts atrio of American stand-up comedians who tour under the name ‘Allah Made Me Funny’ and the two French performers who created ‘À part ça tout va bien’/‘Apart from that everything’s fine’, a humorous web series in France. The interviews provide an insight into processes of identity negotiation and (re)presentation by performers based in countries with very differing approaches to multiculturalism and diversity.
Modified Homotopy Perturbation Transform Method: A Paradigm for Nonlinear Boundary Layer Problems
Authors: Khan Yasir , Usman Muhammad 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This paper suggests a novel modified homotopy perturbation transform method (MHPTM) for a nonlinear boundary layer problem by suitable choice of an initial solution. The steady Navier–Stokes equations are reduced to nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using similarity variables. The governing nonlinear differential equations are solved by means of MHPTM. The equations are Laplace transformed and the nonlinear terms represented by He's polynomials. The series solution of the nonlinear boundary layer problem is obtained. For such a boundary layer problem, the second derivative at zero is an important point of function, so we have computed f″(0) and compared it with other results. An excellent agreement between the MHPTM and HPM is achieved. Such flow analysis is even not available yet for the hydrodynamic fluid. The series solution for MHD boundary layer problem with slip condition by means of MHPTM is yet not available in the literature
Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polybutene-1 containing nucleating agent with acid amides structure
Authors: Zhao Yongxian , Chen Junyi , Han Lei , Zhao Le 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The nonisothermal crystallization behaviors of virgin isotactic polybutene-1 (iPB-1) and iPBn (iPB-1 containing a nucleating agent that owns acid amides structure; iPB/Mult920=100/0.5, mass ratio) were studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Modified Avrami theories (Ozawa method) and Mo method were used to analyze the DSC date. The results show that both methods are suitable to describe the crystallization process of iPB-1 and iPBn. Addition of 0.5% (mass ratio) nucleating agent can give rise to the nucleation effect, which increases the crystallization temperature (Tc) and the rate of crystallization of iPB-1, decreases the activation energy of crystallization (ΔE), and increases the crystallization rate of iPB-1 under the actual conditions.
Appropriateness of Testing for Serious Bacterial Infection in Children Hospitalized With Bronchiolitis
Authors: Librizzi Jamie , McCulloh Russell , Koehn Kristin , Alverson Brian 
Published: January 2014

Objective:
The goal of this study was to evaluate provider practice patterns for evaluation of serious bacterial infection (SBI) in patients hospitalized with bronchiolitis and to assess the association of SBI testing with length of stay and antibiotic use.

Design:
This was a retrospective chart review of hospitalized patients &lt;24 months of age with a discharge diagnosis of bronchiolitis from 2 separate study sites during 2004 to 2008. Patient characteristics, laboratory testing, antibiotic use, and clinical outcomes were assessed in relation to SBI testing.

Results:
A total of 1233 charts met inclusion criteria. The incidence of urinary tract infections in patients who underwent urine testing was 2.3%. Of the 367 patients undergoing blood culture testing, all 13 positive-result blood cultures were contaminated specimens. There were no cases of meningitis. In total, 64.5% of patients tested for SBI had a blood culture obtained, 45.0% had an urinalysis or urine culture, and 16.3% had a cerebral spinal fluid culture obtained. Of those patients who underwent SBI testing, 53.8% received antibiotics versus 19.1% who did not (P &lt; .0001). Length of stay for patients undergoing SBI testing was 3.4 days versus 2.3 days for those without SBI testing (P &lt; .0001). There was no significant difference in readmission rates.

Conclusions:
SBI is uncommon in children hospitalized for bronchiolitis, and urinary tract infection is the most common diagnosis. In the evaluation of SBI in bronchiolitis, providers more frequently obtain blood cultures than urinalysis and/or urine cultures. Evaluation for SBI is associated with increased antibiotic use and increased LOS.