bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Outcomes After Neonatal Encephalopathy
Authors: Pappas Athina , Shankaran Seetha , McDonald Scott A. , Vohr Betty R. , Hintz Susan R. , Ehrenkranz Richard A. , Tyson Jon E. , Yolton Kimberly , Das Abhik , Bara Rebecca , Hammond Jane , Higgins Rosemary D. ,   for the Hypothermia Extended Follow-up Subcommittee of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD Neonatal Research Network
Published: February 2015

OBJECTIVES:
To describe the spectrum of cognitive outcomes of children with and without cerebral palsy (CP) after neonatal encephalopathy, evaluate the prognostic value of early developmental testing and report on school services and additional therapies.

METHODS:
The participants of this study are the school-aged survivors of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network randomized controlled trial of whole-body hypothermia. Children underwent neurologic examinations and neurodevelopmental and cognitive testing with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development–II at 18 to 22 months and the Wechsler intelligence scales and the Neuropsychological Assessment–Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment at 6 to 7 years. Parents were interviewed about functional status and receipt of school and support services. We explored predictors of cognitive outcome by using multiple regression models.

RESULTS:
Subnormal IQ scores were identified in more than a quarter of the children: 96% of survivors with CP had an IQ &lt;70, 9% of children without CP had an IQ &lt;70, and 31% had an IQ of 70 to 84. Children with a mental developmental index &lt;70 at 18 months had, on average, an adjusted IQ at 6 to 7 years that was 42 points lower than that of those with a mental developmental index &gt;84 (95% confidence interval, −49.3 to −35.0; P &lt; .001). Twenty percent of children with normal IQ and 28% of those with IQ scores of 70 to 84 received special educational support services or were held back ≥1 grade level.

CONCLUSIONS:
Cognitive impairment remains an important concern for all children with neonatal encephalopathy.
Snacks, Sweetened Beverages, Added Sugars, and Schools
Authors:   COUNCIL ON SCHOOL HEALTH,   COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION, Murray Robert , Bhatia Jatinder , Okamoto Jeffrey , Allison Mandy , Ancona Richard , Attisha Elliott , De Pinto Cheryl , Holmes Breena , Kjolhede Chris , Lerner Marc , Minier Mark , Weiss-Harrison Adrienne , Young Thomas , Daniels Stephen R. , Abrams Steven A. , Corkins Mark R. , de Ferranti Sarah D. , Golden Neville H. , Magge Sheela N. , Schwarzenberg Sarah Jane 
Published: February 2015

This Policy Statement was reaffirmed April 2023.
Concern over childhood obesity has generated a decade-long reformation of school nutrition policies. Food is available in school in 3 venues: federally sponsored school meal programs; items sold in competition to school meals, such as a la carte, vending machines, and school stores; and foods available in myriad informal settings, including packed meals and snacks, bake sales, fundraisers, sports booster sales, in-class parties, or other school celebrations. High-energy, low-nutrient beverages, in particular, contribute substantial calories, but little nutrient content, to a student’s diet. In 2004, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that sweetened drinks be replaced in school by water, white and flavored milks, or 100% fruit and vegetable beverages. Since then, school nutrition has undergone a significant transformation. Federal, state, and local regulations and policies, along with alternative products developed by industry, have helped decrease the availability of nutrient-poor foods and beverages in school. However, regular access to foods of high energy and low quality remains a school issue, much of it attributable to students, parents, and staff. Pediatricians, aligning with experts on child nutrition, are in a position to offer a perspective promoting nutrient-rich foods within calorie guidelines to improve those foods brought into or sold in schools. A positive emphasis on nutritional value, variety, appropriate portion, and encouragement for a steady improvement in quality will be a more effective approach for improving nutrition and health than simply advocating for the elimination of added sugars.
Starzeć się z godnością: od doświadczenia straty do owocowania
Authors: Morciniec Piotr 
Published: February 2015

W praktyce życia i w literaturze przedmiotu uderza antagonistyczne, stanowczo pozytywne lub negatywne ujmowanie starości. Pierwsze ma najczęściej korzenie biblijno-teologiczne, drugie – socjokulturowe. Szukając właściwej postawy wobec własnej i cudzej starości, odkrywamy, że okres senioralny jako czas odnajdywania nowego sensu można tylko wybrać, nie da się go natomiast moralizatorsko zalecić lub nakazać. Główna teza tekstu brzmi, że niepowodzenia w kształtowaniu sensu własnej starości wynikają w dużej mierze z nieprzepracowania strat wiążących się z tą fazą życia. W celu wskazania drogi do godnej starości starano się najpierw zdefiniować stan faktyczny zwany starością czy wiekiem senioralnym (1), następnie omówiono zagadnienie przepracowania zdiagnozowanych strat rzeczywistych i subiektywnych (2), by w trakcie tego celowego procesu dojść do zbierania owoców życia i starości (3) i do przybliżenia próby praktycznej realizacji takiego podejścia (4).
Wskazania homiletyczne zawarte w Listach o wymowie ojca Euzebiusza Statecznego
Authors: Włodarczyk Jarosław 
Published: February 2015

W 1920 roku została wydana książka o. Euzebiusza Franciszka Statecznego Listy o wymowie. Autor zebrał w niej publikowane wcześniej w częściach wskazania dla mówców ujęte w formę pięciu listów. Zaznaczał, że jego dzieło nie ma charakteru podręcznika retoryki czy homiletyki ani nie jest pełnym opracowaniem zagadnienia. Swoją uwagę koncentruje na przymiotach mówcy oraz cechach jego dzieła. Artykuł niniejszy przybliża sylwetkę autora, prezentuje treść jego dzieła i podejmuje próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie o aktualność zawartych w nim wskazówek.
Factor C-comunidad, factor dinamizador en las organizaciones solidarias
Authors: Valencia-Velásquez Luz Miriam , Gallego-Moná Luis Alberto 
Published: February 2015

El presente artículo es resultado de la investigación desarrollada en las asociaciones y cooperativas de pequeños y medianos productores agropecuarios, vinculadas a la economía solidaria de las zonas de Sinifaná y San Juan, en la región del suroeste antioqueño. Se propone una reflexión sobre el Factor C-comunidad, como el factor que integra la propuesta asociativa en estas organizaciones que trabajan con el objetivo de satisfacer las necesidades, las aspiraciones y los deseos de las personas, las familias y las comunidades en las que operan. La metodología utilizada en la investigación parte del enfoque cualitativo de tipo etnográfico, en la cual se utilizaron técnicas tanto cualitativas como cuantitativas, permitiendo comprender la dinámica de las organizaciones. Los resultados más relevantes llevaron a identificar el Factor C-comunidad como un objetivo socioeconómico efectivamente integrador que, operando en combinación con otros factores productivos, se convierte en la fuerza que une voluntades y conciencias hacia el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de sus integrantes, la rentabilidad de la organización y su entorno.
Mundo rural, tecnología y producción orgánica
Authors: Zabala-Salazar Hernando 
Published: February 2015

Gran parte del conflicto político colombiano, traducido en la acción protagónica de grupos armados asentados en territorios de baja presencia estatal, se explica por la existencia de un bajo nivel de desarrollo agrícola en el país y la imposibilidad de hacer realidad una reforma agraria. A lo anterior se agrega el impacto que ha producido la transformación del país en el mundo rural. No es un secreto que la re-estructuración de la economía rural debe ser un proceso de transformación social y regional que termine con el extenso atraso que mantiene al campesino colombiano en las mismas condiciones de finales del siglo xix. Por ello, es urgente dar respuesta integral a todas estas situaciones y proceder a la formulación de políticas públicas que favorezcan la democratización de la propiedad, la producción con base asociativa, la generación de valores agregados a los productos tradicionales del campo, la producción para la autosuficiencia alimentaria del país, el acceso a los mercados, el mejoramiento del ingreso familiar y la oportunidad para que la población rural se acerque al disfrute de la vida.
Alternative Bone Graft Sources and Techniques for Tibiofibular Synostosis Creation Following Transtibial Amputation
Authors: Overmann Archie , Potter Benjamin K. 
Published: February 2015

Case:
Alternative methods of the modified Ertl osteomyoplasty with use of two different tibial grafts for synostosis are presented in two patients who underwent revision transtibial amputation.

Conclusion:
These two techniques spare residual limb length relative to other described local techniques, avoid the morbidity of remote autograft harvest, and may be attempted in patients with inadequate residual limb lengths or in those who have tibiofibular length mismatch to achieve stable bridge synostosis.
Atypical Osteomyelitis Caused by Mycobacterium chelonae in a Nonimmunocompromised Patient
Authors: Tanagho Andy , Hatab Sameh , Hawkins Amanda 
Published: February 2015

Case:
A previously healthy fifty-seven-year-old woman presented with an acute atypical mycobacterial infection of the first metatarsal bone of the left foot. Despite antimicrobial treatment, the infection was not controlled. First-ray amputation was performed, and antimicrobial treatment was continued for a total of six months. The patient was fitted with an orthotic (insole) and followed for eighteen months; there was no recurrence of infection.

Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report describing Mycobacterium chelonae osteomyelitis of the first metatarsal ray in an immunocompetent individual. This diagnosis should be considered in patients with osteomyelitis that persists despite the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, even in healthy individuals.
Optimal Application Conditions for Steam/Solvent Coinjection
Authors: Keshavarz Mohsen , Okuno Ryosuke , Babadagli Tayfun 
Published: February 2015

Summary
Laboratory and field data, although limited in number, have shown that steam/solvent coinjection can lead to a higher oil-production rate, higher ultimate oil recovery, and lower steam/oil ratio, compared with steam-only injection in steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD). However, a critical question still remains unanswered: Under what circumstances can the previously mentioned benefits be obtained when steam and solvent are coinjected? To answer this question requires a detailed knowledge of the mechanisms involved in coinjection and an application of this knowledge to numerical simulation. Our earlier studies demonstrated that the determining factors for improved oil-production rates are relative positions with respect to the temperature and solvent fronts, the steam and solvent contents of the chamber at its interface with reservoir bitumen, and solvent-diluting effects on the mobilized bitumen just ahead of the chamber edge. Then, the key mechanisms for improved oil displacement are solvent propagation, solvent accumulation at the chamber edge, and phase transition.
This paper deals with this unanswered question by providing some key guidelines for selecting an optimum solvent and its concentration in coinjection of a single-component solvent with steam. The optimization considers the oil-production rate, ultimate oil recovery, and solvent retention in situ. Multiphase behavior of water/hydrocarbon mixtures in the chamber is explained in detail analytically and numerically. The proposed guidelines are applied to simulation of the Senlac solvent-aided-process pilot and the Long Lake expanding-solvent SAGD pilot.
Results show that an optimum volatility of solvent can be typically observed in terms of the oil-production rate for given operation conditions. This optimum volatility occurs as a result of the balance between two factors affecting the oil mobility along the chamber edge: reduction of the chamber-edge temperature and superior dilution of oil in coinjection of more-volatile solvent with steam. It is possible to maximize oil recovery and minimize solvent retention in situ by controlling the concentration of a given coinjection solvent. Beginning coinjection immediately after achieving interwell communication enables the enhancement of oil recovery early in the process. Subsequently, the solvent concentration should be gradually decreased until it becomes zero for the final period of the coinjection. Simulation case studies show the validity of the oil-recovery mechanisms described. In the final section of the paper, a limited economic analysis of SAGD and different coinjection cases is provided.
Polymer-Flooding-Pilot Learning Curve: Five-Plus Years' Experience To Reduce Cost per Incremental Barrel of Oil
Authors: Buciak J.. , Fondevila Sancet G.. , Del Pozo L.. 
Published: February 2015

Summary
This paper deals with the learning curve of a five-plus-year polymer-flooding pilot conducted in a mature waterflood that includes, for example, several works related to injector and producer wells and reservoir management. The scope of this paper is to describe the learning curve during the last 5 years rather than the reservoir response of the polymer-flooding technique; focus is on the aspects related to reduce cost per incremental barrel of oil for a possible extension to other waterflooded areas of the field.
Diadema oil field is in the San Jorge Gulf basin in the southern portion of Argentina. The field is operated by CAPSA, an Argentinean oil-producer company; it has 480 producer and 270 injector wells (interwell spacing is 250 m on average). The company has developed waterflooding over more than 18 years (today, this technique represents 82% of oil production in the field) and produces approximately 1600 m3/d of oil and 40 000 m3/d of gross production (96% water cut) with 38 400 m3/d of water injection.
The reservoir that is polymer-flooded is characterized by high permeability (average of 500 md), high heterogeneity (10 to 5,000 md), high porosity (30%), very stratified sandstone layers (4 to 12 m of net thickness) with poor lateral continuity (fluvial origin), and 20 °API oil (100 cp at reservoir conditions).
Diadema's polymer-flooding pilot started in October 2007 on five water injectors (it includes 13 injectors today) with an injected rate of 1000 m3/d (today, 2000 m3/d). Polymer solution is made with produced water (15,000 ppm brine) and 1,500 ppm of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymer reaching 15- to 20-cp fluid-injection viscosity.
Oil-production rate from the original “central” producers (wells that are aided with 100% of polymer injection) has increased 100% at the same time as average reduction in water cut is approximately 15%.
The main aspects presented in this work are depth profile modification with crosslinked gel injected along with polymer, use of “curlers” to regulate injection in multiple wells with one injection pump without shearing the polymer, and an improved technology on producer wells with progressing-cavity pumps to decrease shut-in time and number of pump failures.
The plan for the future is to extend this project to other areas with the acquired knowledge and to improve different aspects, such as water quality and optimization of polymer plant operation. These improvements will allow the company to reduce operating costs per incremental barrel of oil.
Investigation of Guided-Particle Transport for Noninvasive Healing of Damaged Piping Systems by Use of Electro-Magneto-Mechanical Methods
Authors: Mukherjee Debanjan , Zaky Zeyad , Zohdi Tarek I. , Salama Amgad , Sun Shuyu 
Published: February 2015

Summary
Virtually all engineering applications involve the use of piping, conduits, and channels. In the petroleum industry, piping systems are extensively used in upstream and downstream processes. These piping systems often carry fluids that are corrosive, which leads to wear, cavitation, and cracking. The replacement of damaged piping systems can be quite expensive, both in terms of capital costs and in operational downtime. This motivates the present research on noninvasive healing of cracked piping systems. In this investigation, we propose to develop computational models for characterizing noninvasive repair strategies involving electromagnetically guided particles. The objective is to heal industrial-piping systems noninvasively, from the exterior of the system, during operation, resulting in no downtime and minimal relative cost. The particle accumulation at a target location is controlled by external electromagnetic/mechanical means. There are two primary effects that play a role for guiding the particles to the solid-fluid-interface/wall: mechanical shear caused by the fluid flow, and an electrical or magnetic force. In this work we develop and study a relationship that characterizes contributions of both, and ascertain how this relationship scales with characteristic physical parameters. Characteristic nondimensional parameters that describe system behavior are derived, and their role in design is illustrated. A detailed, fully 3D discrete-element-simulation framework is presented, and illustrated by use of a model problem of magnetically guided particles. The detailed particle behavior is considered to be regulated by three effects: the field strength, the mass-flow rate, and the wall interactions.
Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Gene and Effectiveness of Lipid Lowering of Atorvastatin
Authors: Kolovou Genovefa , Mihas Constantinos , Anagnostopoulou Katherine , Kolovou Vana , Giannakopoulou Vasiliki , Kostakou Peggy , Stamatelatou Marianna , Mavrogeni Sophie , Degiannis Dimitrios , Mikhailidis Dimitri P. 
Published: February 2015

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) plays a key role in lipid metabolism. Thus, variations in the CETP gene may be clinically relevant.
Newly started atorvastatin users (n=212) were genotyped for CETP genetic variants (TaqIB and I405V). Homozygotes for B1 allele of TaqIB polymorphism had lower plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) compared with B1B2 or B2B2 genotypes (p=0.03, for each). Homozygotes for I allele of I405V polymorphism had lower plasma HDL-C compared with IV or VV genotypes (p=0.001, for each). In the whole population, the B1 carriers increased HDL-C levels by 4% after atorvastatin treatment, compared with B2 carriers, where a 4% decrease occurred (p=0.03). Also homozygotes for B1 allele decreased triglyceride levels to a lesser, though not significant, degree compared to B1B2 or B2B2 genotypes.
CETP TaqIB or I405V polymorphisms seem to modify the lipid lowering response to atorvastatin treatment. This knowledge may help design more effective hypolipidaemic treatment.
Efficacy of a Web-Based Intervention With Mobile Phone Support in Treating Depressive Symptoms in Adults With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nobis Stephanie , Lehr Dirk , Ebert David Daniel , Baumeister Harald , Snoek Frank , Riper Heleen , Berking Matthias 
Published: February 2015

OBJECTIVE
Depression is common in diabetes and linked to adverse health outcomes. This study evaluated the efficacy of a guided web-based intervention in reducing depression in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 260 participants with diabetes and elevated depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale [CES-D ≥23]) were randomly assigned to the GET.ON Mood Enhancer Diabetes (a guided self-help intervention, n = 130) or a brief online unguided psychoeducation program for depression (n = 130). The primary outcome was depressive symptoms severity (CES-D). The secondary outcomes included diabetes-specific emotional distress (Problem Areas in Diabetes [PAID] scale) and participant satisfaction (adaption CSQ-8). Data were collected at baseline and 2 months after randomization. To identify differences in outcome between the groups, we used analyses of covariance with the baseline CES-D score as covariate on both intent-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) basis.

RESULTS
Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed significantly less depressive symptom severity at posttreatment based on ITT (d = 0.89) and PP analyses (d = 1.00). The intervention participants displayed a significantly larger reduction in diabetes-specific emotional distress (d = 0.58, ITT). The intervention appeared to be acceptable to the participants; 95% (n = 121) would recommend the training to a friend with diabetes in need of psychological help.

CONCLUSIONS
A guided, web-based intervention to reduce depression in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes is effective in reducing both depressive symptoms and diabetes-specific emotional distress.
Association of catastrophic biaxial fracture of the proximal sesamoid bones with bony changes of the metacarpophalangeal joint identified by standing magnetic resonance imaging in cadaveric forelimbs of Thoroughbred racehorses
Authors: Peloso John G. , Vogler III James B. , Cohen Noah D. , Marquis Patricia , Hilt Lynn 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Objective—To compare bony changes in the metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ) of racehorses with (cases) and without (controls) biaxial proximal sesamoid bone (PSB) fracture as determined by 2 grading scales applied to images of cadaveric forelimbs obtained by means of standing MRI (sMRI).
Design—Case-control study.
Sample—Forelimbs from 74 Thoroughbred racehorses (21 cases and 53 controls) that were euthanized at a Florida racetrack.
Procedures—Both forelimbs were harvested from cases and controls. Each forelimb underwent sMRI to obtain images of the MCPJ. Two grading scales were described and used for image evaluation; one assessed the density of the PSBs, and the other assessed the integrity of the subchondral bone (SCB) plate at the distopalmar aspect of the third metacarpal bone (MC3). Logistic regression was used to compare the grades between case and control limbs.
Results—Biaxial PSB fracture was associated with a total PSB grade (sum of lateral and medial PSB grades) ≥ 5 for the fractured limb, total MC3 SCB grade (sum of lateral and medial MC3 SCB grades) ≥ 5 for the contralateral limb, and the presence of orthopedic disease in the contralateral MC3.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—For cases with biaxial PSB fracture, the density of the PSBs in the affected limb was greater and the MC3 of the contralateral limb was more likely to have orthopedic disease, compared with those for controls. Further evaluation of sMRI as a screening tool for identification of racehorses at risk of biaxial PSB fracture is warranted. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2015;246:661–673)