bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2190 – Effect Of Major Depressive Disorder And Insomnia On Somatization
Authors: Kim S.J. , Jun J.Y. , Lee Y.-J. , Cho S.-J. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSomatization is a common symptom of depression. Somatization is also related to sleep problem including insomnia.Depression is the one of the most common cuase of insomnia. Therefore, it would be needed to investigate the interaction between depression, insomnia and somatization.ObjectivesTo investigate the independent effects of major depressive disorder (MDD) and insomnia on somatization.AimsTo compare somatization of primary insomnia, MDD with insomnia, MDD without insomnia, and normal controls.MethodsA total of 181 participants without serious medical problem were recruited. Subjects were divided into 4 groups based on the SCID-IV and ICD-10 insomnia criteria:1)normal controls,2)primary insomnia,3)MDD without insomnia, and4)MDD with insomnia.The somatization subscores of the SCL-90-R were completed by participants.ResultsThere were significant between-group differences in somatization (F=25.30, p< 0.001). MDD with insomnia showed higher somatization compared to normal controls (p< 0.001), primary insomnia (p=0.01), or MDD without insomnia (p< 0.001). Primary insomnia had higher somatization than normal controls (p< 0.01), while there was no significant difference between MDD without insomnia and normal controls. Presence of insomnia predicted higher somatization (beta=0.44, p< 0.001), while there was only non-significant association between MDD and somatization (beta=0.14, p=0.08).ConclusionsIn the current study, insomnia was associated with somatization independently from major depression. Subjects with primary insomnia showed higher somatization. Within MDD patients, presence of insomnia was related to higher somatization. Our finding suggests that insomnia may partly mediate the relationship between depression and somatization.
2204 – Differential Diagnosis Between Bipolar Disorder And Borderline Personality Disorder Based On Early Life Stress And Psychoneuroendocrine Assessment
Authors: Mazer A.K. , Juruena M. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionBipolar Disorder (BD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) have common clinical features in the diagnosis. Factors included in the development and neurobiology of BD and BPD, as early stress and neuroendocrine markers, may represent indicators to difference them.ObjectiveAssess early life stress and HPA axis associated with diagnosis of BD and BPD.MethodsEvaluation of 26 subjects, subdivided in groups of BD and BPD diagnosis, and health controls. Diagnostic was confirmed by Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I and II Disorders; early life stress was investigated by Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and classified in subtypes physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect and emotional neglect. HPA axis was assessed by cortisol plasmatic levels.ResultsEarly life stress is significantly higher in BD and, especially, BPD patients compared to controls, as well emotional abuse and neglect types; however, it didn’t differentiate the clinical groups. Cortisol levels was lower in BD group in relation of BPD, although without a significantly difference. In BPD group, cortisol levels was positively correlated to sexual abuse severity; in the same way, in BD group cortisol levels was correlated positively to emotional neglect.ConclusionEarly life stress is more prevalent and severity in patients than in health controls, independently to diagnosis. BPD presents early life stress more severity compared to BD group. Moreover, cortisol levels was lower in BD. Cortisol levels was positively correlated to subtypes of early life stress and severity. This study indicates a promissory field to be better differentiate BD and BPD.
2211 – Are Lifetime Self-reported Health (srh), Sleep Difficulties, And Negative Affect Correlates Of Suicidal Ideation In Pregnancy And Postpartum?
Authors: Soares M.J. , Pereira A.T. , Marques M. , Bos S. , Valente J. , Nogueira V. , Roque C. , Madeira N. , Macedo A. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundSuicidality has a multifactorial determination and is clinically under-diagnosed. Self-reported poor health, negative affect and sleep difficulties are associated with psychological distress, including suicidality.AimTo analyze the association between lifetime SRH, sleep difficulties, negative affect (NA) and suicidal ideation in pregnancy (T0) and post-partum (T1) and if they are predictors of suicidal ideation.Methods397 pregnant women completed the Portuguese version of POMS, PDSS and a set of items evaluating SRH, and sleep difficulties in the last trimester of pregnancy an three months of post-partum.FindingsIn pregnancy, suicidal ideation was significantly associated with lifetime SRH (p < .05), NA (p < .01) and difficulties of initiating sleep (DIS) (p < .01). In post-partum, suicidal ideation was also associated with DIS (p < .01), NA (p < .01), but not with SRH. In pregnancy, the predictors of the probability of having or not suicidal ideation are both SRH and DIS. In postpartum the suicidal ideation predictor was only DIS. However when NA was introduced in the regression model, NA was the only predictor of suicide ideation in both pregnacy and postpartum.ConclusionDifficulties of initiating sleep should be considered an indicator of suicidal ideation during the perinatal period. However NA might explain this association.
2215 – Cumulative Exposure To Work-related Incidents And Current Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In New York City's First Responders
Authors: Geronazzo Alman L. , Shen S. , Duarte C.S. , Wu P. , Lord E. , Amsel L. , Musa G.J. , Wicks J. , Yip J. , Fan B. , Guffanti G. , Hoven C.W. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionSeveral questions still exist in the literature on the relationship between cumulative exposure to work-related incidents and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in First Responders (FR).ObjectivesTo address three unanswered questions in the field.(1)Are different cumulative exposure scoring algorithms similarly related to PTSD?(2)Is PTSD associated only with incidents rated as severe and traumatic?(3)Can we identify cut-off scores of cumulative exposure that maximize sensitivity and specificity to predict PTSD?AimsTo better characterize the relationship between cumulative exposure and PTSD in FR.MethodsThe association between exposure and PTSD was examined with logistic and linear regression and with receiver operating characteristic analysis in 349 FR.Results(1)The strength of the association between PTSD and total cumulative exposure indexes varied across different scoring algorithms.(2)Compared to total cumulative exposure indexes and to sub-scores of exposure to non-traumatic and/or less severe incidents, sub-scores indexing exposure to severe traumatic events only were more strongly and significantly associated with PTSD.(3)The use of two cut-off scores maximizes sensitivity and specificity to predict PTSD.Conclusion(1)The relationship between current PTSD and cumulative exposure is partially dependent on the approach used to quantify exposure.(2)Focusing on the assessment of cumulative exposure to severe traumatic events is sufficient to predict PTSD, and might be more useful and effective in research and clinical decision-making.(3)Sensitivity and specificity of exposure scores might help improve secondary prevention (early detection and effective intervention) of individuals at risk.
2221 – Help Seeking Process Among Children Attending Psychiatry Clinic In Tirana, Albania
Authors: Alikaj V. , Spaho E. , Hashorva A. , Bregu E. , Suli A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThere is a marked increase in the role of perceptions of parents and professionals identifying of problems in preschool children (Verhulst, & Verloove-Vanhorick, 2004). Only 2–5% of consultations of children and adolescents include presentations with emotional or behavioral problems (Garralda, 2002).ObjectivesThis study examined the way how mentally ill children arrive at psychiatric clinic in Tirana.MethodsThe data used here are from an Albanian study about mental health problems and service use among children and adolescents. 100 children and their respective parents participated in this study and completed different parent questionnaires during the first study session. Age range was between 6 to 17 years, 58% of them were female.ResultsThe clinic of child/adolescent psychiatry was the second most common point of entry for children up to 14 years old and first point of entry for youths between the ages of 14 and 17.ConclusionsBased on the results of this study, several groups that needed intervention in order to increase child mental health service use were identified.
2228 – Unmet Needs Of Mental Health Services In Portugal: Comparing Outpatient Versus Inpatient Units
Authors: Xavier M. , Marques C. , Carvalho Á. , Mateus P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionAlthough some improvements during the last decade, Portuguese mental health services still bear substantial shortages, in terms of accessibility, equity and quality of care. A new National Mental Health Plan with a community model has been launched in 2007.ObjectivesTo assess unmet needs at public mental health services in Portugal.MethodsCross-sectional study, steering all the public mental health services throughout the country, both for adults (39 units) and children/adolescents (11 units). Evaluation was done by means of the WHO “Quality Assurance in Mental Health Care” tool, which includes dimensions such as physical environment, administrative arrangements, care process, interaction with families, outreach, discharge and follow-up.ResultsThe quality of services, according to the assessment made with the participation of professionals, did not reach the “Good level” (> 80% met needs). Level of unmet needs was worse in adult outpatient services (35%) than in inpatient units (27%, despite the relevance of the former. Most critical areas of unmet needs included human resources (only 44% met needs, concerning provision, distribution, interdisciplinary composition of the staff) and administrative arrangements (66% met needs). Regarding the child/adolescent units, the weighted level of quality of outpatient services (67% met needs) was similar to that of inpatient units (68%).ConclusionsThe implementation of the mental health plan has to tackle some of the unmet needs present in mental health services in Portugal. Special attention should be given to the outpatient facilities, in order to undertake with the community philosophy of the National Mental Health Plan.
2263 – Can a Training With Video Game Of Social Cognition Enhance Neurocognitive Processes Of Emotional Perception In Autism Spectrum? Insights Of Event-related Potentials
Authors: Iakimova G. , Mardaga S. , Couvreux M. , Hun S. , Serret S. , Askenazy F. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDeficits in social cognition are major descriptors of the autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Measurable effects of training methods and psychological treatments have been reported in some psychiatric disorders, but few studies were conducted in the domain of neurodevelopmental disorders.ObjectivesThe aims of the study were:1)to investigate the use of event-related potentials (ERPs) as valuable markers of neurocognitive basis of emotional face processing in children with and without ASD;2)to explore whether components of the ERPs can be used as potential markers of enhanced emotional processing in children with ASD who benefited from interactive computer training focused on emotion comprehension.MethodsERPs were recorded during an implicit emotion recognition task in 19 children with ASD and 11 paired controls, along with other clinical and cognitive measures. Another recording session was conducted after a two-week training with a multisensory video game performed by 12 children from the ASD group.ResultsPreliminary results showed that before the training, children with ASD exhibited abnormal P100 and N170 ERP components which reflect abnormal face perception strategies. After training, some of the children exhibited normalized ERP components and enhanced ERP components’ modulation by emotions.ConclusionsThe results are promising although the training was short and not intensive.
2277 – A Placebo-controlled Study Of Efficacy And Safety Of Aripiprazole Once-monthly For Long-term Maintenance Treatment In Schizophrenia
Authors: Eramo A. , Fleischhacker W.W. , Sanchez R. , Perry P. , Jin N. , Johnson B. , McQuade R.D. , Carson W.H. , Kane J. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveEvaluate the efficacy and long-term safety of investigational aripiprazole once-monthly (ARI-OM) for maintenance treatment in schizophrenia.MethodsPatients requiring chronic treatment for schizophrenia, not on aripiprazole monotherapy, were cross-titrated from other antipsychotic(s) to aripiprazole in an oral conversion phase (Phase 1). All patients entered an oral aripiprazole stabilization phase (Phase 2). Patients meeting stability criteria entered an ARI-OM stabilization phase (Phase 3), with coadministration of oral aripiprazole for the first 2 weeks. Patients meeting stability criteria were randomized to ARI-OM or placebo once-monthly (placebo-OM) during a 52-week, double-blind maintenance phase (Phase 4). Primary endpoint was time-to-impending relapse. Safety and tolerability were also assessed.Results710 patients entered Phase 2, 576 Phase 3 and 403 Phase 4 (ARI-OM=269, placebo-OM=134). The study was terminated early because efficacy was demonstrated by a pre-planned interim analysis. Time-to-impending relapse was significantly delayed with ARI-OM vs. placebo-OM (p< 0.0001, log-rank test). Discontinuations due to treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) were: Phase 1, 3.8% (n=24/632); Phase 2, 3.0% (n=21/709); Phase 3, 4.9% (n=28/576); Phase 4, 7.1% (n=19/269). Most AEs were mild or moderate. Insomnia was the only AE >5% incidence in any phase. Headache, somnolence, and nausea had a peak first onset within the first 4 weeks of treatment. There were no unusual shifts in all phases in laboratory values, fasting metabolic parameters, weight, or objective scales of movement disorders.ConclusionsARI-OM significantly delayed time-to-impending relapse compared with placebo-OM and was well tolerated as maintenance treatment in schizophrenia1.
2297 – Dysregulation Of The Endogenous Opioid System In The Brain Of Human Alcoholics
Authors: Bakalkin G. , Bazov I. , Hussain Z. , Sarkisyan D. , Watanabe H. , Kononenko O. , Karpyak V. , Yakovleva T. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe endogenous opioid system (EOS) plays a critical role in addictive processes. Molecular dysregulations in this system may be specific for different stages of addiction cycle and neurocircuitries involved, and therefore may differentially contribute to the initiation and maintenance of addiction.AimsWe here evaluated whether the EOS is altered in brain areas involved in cognitive control of addiction including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dl-PFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior insula (AI) and hippocampus, in human alcohol dependent subjects.MethodsLevels of EOS mRNAs were measured by qRT-PCR, and levels of dynorphins by radioimmunoassay in postmortem human specimens.ResultsProdynorphin kappa-opioid receptor mRNAs and dynorphins were upregulated or demonstrated higher dispersion in alcoholics.ConclusionsDysregulation in the kappa-opioid receptor/dynorphin system in alcoholics may contribute to alcohol craving and neurocognitive dysfunctions relevant for addiction and disrupted inhibitory control.AcknowledgementsWe are grateful to the NSW Tissue Resource Centre for providing human brain samples. Supported by the Swedish VR and FAS.
2304 – Relationships Between Psychopathological Dimensions, Cognitive Deficits And Functional Capacity/real-life Functioning In Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Bucci P. , Piegari G. , Chieffi M. , Mucci A. , Galderisi S. , Maj M. 
Published: July 2013

An impairment of functional capacity and real-life functioning has widely been reported in patients with schizophrenia, even when clinical remission has been achieved. The relative contribution of negative symptoms and neurocognitive deficits to such an impairment is still debated.In the present study, we investigated the relationships of functional capacity and real-life functioning with psychopathology and cognitive deficits in 35 schizophrenia patients, all treated with new-generation antipsychotics.The MATRICS Cognitive Consensus Battery was used to assess cognitive functions. Real-life functioning was evaluated with the Quality of Life Scale (QLS). Functional capacity was assessed with the Performance-Based Skills Assessment-Brief (UPSA-B). Psychopathological dimensions were calculated from PANSS items. Multiple Regression Analyses (MRA) were conducted, in which dependent variables were the indices of functional capacity/real life functioning while independent variables were psychopathological dimensions, neurocognitive indices, general abilities and education.The results of MRA on the QLS indices showed the following percentages of variance explained: negative psychopathological dimension, 64% for “intrapsychic functions” and 46% for “interpersonal relationships”; speed of processing, 13% for “work functioning” and 11% for “interpersonal relationships”; visual learning, 12% for “work functioning”; positive psychopathological dimension, 11% for “intrapsychic functions” and 5% for “interpersonal relationships”; working memory, 7% for “intrapsychic functions”. As to the MRA on UPSA-B total score, working memory explained 57% of the variance while speed of processing explained 12% of it.Our findings suggest that both negative symptoms and cognitive impairment have a strong relationship with real-life functioning while cognitive impairment is the only aspect associated to functional capacity.
2305 – Audit On Effects Of Mood Stabilisers On Women's Health - Informed Decision Making
Authors: Mothi M. , Chambers C. , Shora S. , Jabeen A. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThere are growing concerns on use of certain psychotropic medications on women's reproductive health, pregnancy and lactation. Lithium, Sodium valproate, Carbamazepine and Lamotrigine are recommended by National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) in treatment of Bipolar Disorder. While treatment of Bipolar disorder is crucial, it is imperative that there is clear communication between patients, carers and health professionals to enable patients in making informed decisions about their careObjectivesNICE recommends that healthcare professionals should give relevant information at every stage of assessment and treatment. They should discuss contraception and risks of pregnancy. Furthermore, it is good practice to assess capacity of service user's to consent to treatment. This enables service user to make well-informed decision.AimsTo find out if relevant steps were taken to aid women in making well-informed decision regarding their treatment i.e by verbal communication and providing written information.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed electronic patient record of women meeting inclusion criteria.ResultsOut of 616 women, 119 met the inclusion criteria. Patients’ ages ranged from 20 to 55. 52% were on Lithium, followed by Sodium Valproate(22%), Lamotrigine(14%) and Carbamazepine(12%). There was evidence of verbal communication in only 35% and provision of written information in only 11%. Contraception advice was documented in only 24%. Documentation of assessment of capacity to consent to treatment was found only in 31%.ConclusionThere is lack of adequate communication between clinicians and patients. There are several possible explanations for this finding with one of the main reasons being poor documentation.
2311 – Prevalence Of Mentally Ill Offenders Hospitalized Last Three Years In Forensic Unit - Clinic Of Psychiatry In Prishtina And Forensic Mental Health Service Establishment
Authors: Ibishi N.F. , Kola V. , Musliu N.R. , Haxhibeqiri S.S. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundForensic Psychiatry and Mental Health Service as new field in our country needs strategies for management and rehabilitation programs.The aimTo evaluate socio-demographic characteristics and prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis of inpatients hospitalized in last three year period time from January 2009 up to December 2011. Specific objectives of this study were to identify the rehabilitation programs of treatment and specific training needs of mental health professionals according to our results findings.MethodsThis retrospective study used the method of socio-demographic data collection, review and study of documented diagnosis based on ICD-10 criteria for mental disorders and Structured Clinical Interview (SCID), data records by court and other hetero-anamnesis data of all forensic inpatients who underwent psychiatric forensic evaluation and assessment according to court request. Descriptive approach for analyses was used.ResultsSubjects were referred either directly from prison (23,2%) or from court (76,8%) for forensic psychiatric evaluation, diagnosis and treatment. The majority of offenders (85,7%) were under trial, and physical threatening being the most common charge than domestic violence and murder. Prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis was 94,6%, the most common being psychosis 69,1%. Drug abuse and personality disorders including high-risk behaviors were also common.ConclusionRehabilitation programs of treatment and management with specific focus on psychotic disorders, sever personality disorder and drug abuse are needed. Establishment of Forensic Mental Health System in Kosovo will fulfill the implementation of legal framework including the rights and human treatment of all mentally ill offenders.
2330 – Obesity, Self-esteem And Sexuality: a Comparative Study About 40 Cases
Authors: Ben Thabet J. , Sallemi R. , Maâlej Bouali M. , Charfi N. , Charfi N. , Zouari L. , Zouari N. , Abid M. , Maâlej M. 
Published: July 2013

AimTo assess the impact of self-esteem on the sexuality of obese patients compared to a sample from the general population.Patients and methodsA cross-sectional case-control study. It involved 40 obese married patients (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and 40 normal weight subjects from the general population. A questionnaire was presented with sociodemographic data, somatic and psychiatric personal histories, data on obesity and sexual life data. Self-esteem was assessed using the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES).ResultsThe sex-ratio (men/women) of obese patients was 0.53. The average BMI of obese patients was 33.48 kg/m2 (SD = 3.44). The score at the RSES in the obese group was 30.15 (SD = 5.48) versus 32.2 (SD = 4.58) in the control group, with no significant difference (p = 0.808). Among obese patients, the higher the score of self-esteem was, the more frequent sexual intercourses were, without significant difference (r = 0.254, p = 0.119). Sexual satisfaction was significantly correlated with the level of self-esteem (p = 0.022). Obese people with low self-esteem were more likely to have a decrease in sexual desire (OR = 9.625, CI [1.378, 67.246]).ConclusionThere is a link between low self-esteem of obese and an alteration of the quality of their sexual life. The therapist should check the level of self-esteem in obese patients and try to improve it. In this sense, the collaboration of the endocrinologist with the psychiatrist could be very useful.