bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevent rough sleeping; create a psychologically informed environment
Authors: Ritchie Claire 
Published: March 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to inspire services to create Psychologically Informed Environments (PIEs) to support people experiencing homelessness, complex trauma and multiple exclusion.Design/methodology/approach– It outlines key elements of PIEs and how these have been implemented at the Waterloo Project; a 19 bed hostel and integrated health and social care partnership in Lambeth. It considers the importance of meeting individuals emotional and psychological needs to support them out of homelessness.Findings– The service review found a reliable reduction in residents’ mental distress and improved health and wellbeing. Repeat homelessness, anti-social and self-harming behaviour decreased whilst engagement with services, self-care and esteem increased. There are early indications of cost benefits to health and social care services. Staff reported professional development and an increase in their sense of personal accomplishment.Originality/value– The paper aims to share learning, good practice and the outcomes of a psychologically informed approach to working with individuals who have not had their needs met by existing services. It illustrates the actual and potential social and economic impact and value on both individuals and public services.
Age‐associated skin changes in innate immunity markers reflect a complex interaction between aging mechanisms in the sebaceous gland
Authors: Elewa Rana M. , Abdallah Marwa A. , Zouboulis Christos C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSkin aging is the most apparent form of senescence and could reflect the aging of inner organs. Molecular changes involved in innate immunity signaling, tumorigenesis, and inflammation were studied. Protein levels were evaluated based on the immunohistochemistry of the skin of 42 young and old individuals. The investigated molecules (peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors‐α and ‐γ, Toll‐like receptor 4, and interleukin‐6 and 8) were expressed in almost all skin compartments and exhibited significant aging‐associated downregulation in epithelial tissues, mostly in the sebaceous glands, the sweat glands, and the epidermis. With the exception of interleukin‐6 in the dermal tissue, no upregulation was detected in the aged group. The results obtained indicate an interesting interaction between different pathways of aging, namely defective stress responses, downregulated innate immunity responses, and activation of the tumorigenesis pathway, which was especially apparent in the sebaceous glands.
Multicenter randomized study of inosine pranobex versus acyclovir in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis and recurrent herpes genitalis in Chinese patients
Authors: You Yi , Wang Li , Li Yafei , Wang Qianqiu , Cao Shuanglin , Tu Yating , Li Shenqiu , Bai Li , Lu Jianyun , Wei Zhiping , Chen Wenchieh , Hao Fei 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral inosine pranobex as compared with acyclovir in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) and recurrent herpes genitalis (RHG). A multicenter double‐blind, double‐dummy, randomized, controlled, parallel group trial was conducted in 144 patients with RHL and 144 RHG. Patients were assigned to treatment in one of two groups: (i) inosine pranobex group (active inosine pranobex, 1 g four times daily, and acyclovir placebo); or (ii) acyclovir group (active acyclovir, 200 mg five times daily, and inosine pranobex placebo). The total symptom score (TSS) of patients with RHL did not differ in the inosine pranobex and acyclovir group on the 3rd or 7th day of treatment. There was also no difference in the efficacy rates between the two groups. No difference of TSS was observed between patients with RHG taking inosine pranobex and acyclovir on days 3 or 5 of the treatment, respectively. The short‐term clinical recurrence rate of RHG at 3‐month follow‐up was much lower in the inosine pranobex group than acyclovir group. The incidence of hyperuricemia was higher in the inosine pranobex group than acyclovir group. In conclusion, inosine pranobex was as effective as acyclovir in treating RHL and RHG with significantly greater reduction of the short‐term recurrence rate of herpes genitalis at 3‐month follow up. Long‐term recurrence rates at 6 months or longer remain to be determined. Hyperuricemia should be monitored during the treatment.
CCR4 is expressed on infiltrating cells in lesional skin of early mycosis fungoides and atopic dermatitis
Authors: Sugaya Makoto , Morimura Sohshi , Suga Hiraku , Kawaguchi Makiko , Miyagaki Tomomitsu , Ohmatsu Hanako , Fujita Hideki , Sato Shinichi 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCCR4 is expressed on tumor cells of mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS). In MF, most infiltrating cells in patches and plaques express CXCR3, while tumor cells express CCR4 in advanced stages. Poteligeo Test IHC (CCR4 staining kit) is a newly developed staining kit that can examine the presence of CCR4 expressed on tumor cells of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma, peripheral T‐cell lymphoma and cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma before treatment of anti‐CCR4 antibody using paraffin‐embedded samples. In this study, we analyzed CCR4 expression in lesional skin of MF, SS, atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis with this new kit. CCR4 was expressed on infiltrating cells in lesional skin of patch, plaque, tumor MF and SS, and the number of positive cells increased as the disease progressed. Immunohistochemistry with frozen sections also showed some positive cells scattered in the dermis, although the quality was not high enough to quantify positive cells. There were significant positive correlations between CCR4+ cells and serum lactate dehydrogenase levels. Interestingly, CCR4+ cells were also detected in AD skin, whose number was larger than that in psoriatic skin. Previous studies showed only scattered CCR4+ cells in skin samples by standard immunohistochemical staining. The new, sensitive CCR4 staining kit has revealed that CCR4 is expressed on infiltrating cells in lesional skin of early MF and AD as well as advanced MF and SS. These cells can be therapeutic targets for patients who are resistant to standard treatments.
Trichoscopic findings of androgenetic alopecia and their association with disease severity
Authors: Hu Ruiming , Xu Feng , Han Yumei , Sheng Youyu , Qi Sisi , Miao Ying , Yang Qinping 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTrichoscopy is a novel tool for the diagnosis of hair loss disorders such as androgenetic alopecia (AGA), but there are still few reports on the association between trichoscopic findings and disease severity, especially in the Chinese population. A case–control observational study was conducted to observe the trichoscopic findings of AGA and to evaluate their relationship with disease severity. Trichoscopic examination was performed with a handheld dermoscope on 750 Chinese male AGA (MAGA) and 200 female AGA (FAGA) patients, along with 100 male and 50 female normal controls. Trichoscopically, AGA was featured by hair shaft thickness heterogeneity (HSTH), brown peripilar sign (BPPS), white peripilar sign (WPPS), yellow dots, pinpoint white dots, focal atrichia and scalp pigmentation. No significant difference in the occipital area was found between AGA and controls (P > 0.05). HSTH of more than 20% was demonstrated in all MAGA patients, and HSTH of more than 10% was seen in all FAGA patients. WPPS, yellow dots, pinpoint white dots, focal atrichia and scalp pigmentation were positively related to severity of disease (P < 0.05), while BPPS was the contrary (P < 0.05). HSTH is an essential criterion for diagnosing AGA. BPPS was more common in early AGA. However, WPPS, yellow dots, pinpoint white dots, focal atrichia and scalp pigmentation are positively correlated with advanced AGA.
Subclinical systemic and vascular inflammation detected by 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with mild psoriasis
Authors: Youn Sang Woong , Kang Seo Young , Kim Sung Ae , Park Gyeong Yul , Lee Won Woo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractSevere psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease involving major arteries and internal organs. The association between psoriasis and arterial inflammation, however, has been noted mostly in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Therefore, it is still not clear whether mild psoriasis also increases the arterial inflammation and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate systemic inflammation using 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG‐PET/CT) in patients with mild psoriasis. In a nested case–control study, FDG‐PET/CT findings of 10 patients with mild chronic plaque psoriasis involving a body surface area of less than 5% were compared with those of 10 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. The degree of FDG uptake in the large arteries (ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending aorta, suprarenal abdominal aorta and infrarenal abdominal aorta,) and liver were analyzed using the maximum target‐to‐background ratios (TBR). There were no significant demographic differences between the psoriasis patients and the control subjects (P > 0.05). Patients with psoriasis showed higher maximum TBR than healthy controls in all examined arterial segments, with statistical significance reached in the suprarenal abdominal aorta (P < 0.05), ascending thoracic aorta (P < 0.01) and infrarenal abdominal aorta (P < 0.05), and in the liver (P < 0.05). The “candy cane sign”, which represents typical arterial inflammation of the thoracic aorta, was noted upon PET in the majority of psoriasis cases. In conclusion, mild psoriasis is also associated with arterial and hepatic inflammation, which can be readily demonstrated by using FDG‐PET/CT.
Clinical features and course of generalized pustular psoriasis in Korea
Authors: Jin Hyunju , Cho Hyun‐Ho , Kim Won‐Jeong , Mun Je‐Ho , Song Margaret , Kim Hoon‐Soo , Ko Hyun‐Chang , Kim Moon‐Bum , Kim Hyojin , Kim Byung‐Soo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe clinical course of generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is variable and unpredictable. Sufficient data on the clinical course of the disease has not been reported due to its rarity. To investigate the clinical features and course of GPP according to its subtypes, medical records of patients diagnosed with GPP from 2002 to 2012 at two tertiary hospitals were reviewed. The data included patient demographics, associated symptoms, aggravating factors, patterns of relapse and prognosis. Thirty‐three patients with GPP were included in our study, with a mean age of 45.6 years and a male : female ratio of 1:1.2. Patients were categorized based on the following subtypes: acute GPP, 21 (63.6%); GPP of pregnancy, two (6.1%); juvenile GPP, three (9.1%); and annular GPP, seven (21.2%). In the acute GPP population, skin lesions cleared within 2 months in 11 (73.3%) patients, and six (40.0%) of these had no relapse. Severe complications, abortion or death, were observed in two patients (100.0%) with GPP of pregnancy. Nineteen (76.0%) of the GPP patients experienced persistence or relapse of skin lesions. The patterns of skin lesions upon relapse included plaques in six patients (31.6%), pustules in eight patients (42.1%), and plaques and pustules in five patients (26.3%). Among acute GPP patients, 16.7% of patients with no relapse had a history of plaque psoriasis. However, 77.8% of patients with persistence and relapse in their clinical course had a history of plaque psoriasis. In conclusion, our study presents the detailed clinical course of GPP by subtype in Korean patients.
Red blood cell distribution width is increased in patients with psoriasis vulgaris: A retrospective study on 261 patients
Authors: Kim Das Suk , Shin Dongyun , Jee Hyunjoong , Kim Tae‐Gyun , Kim Sung Hee , Kim Do Young , Kim Soo Min , Lee Min‐Geol 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCirculating inflammatory cytokines and markers are increased in patients with psoriasis. Recent studies have shown that a higher red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with disease activity in various disorders. Our objective was to investigate whether RDW is increased in psoriasis patients, and to evaluate its possible association with disease severity. We conducted a retrospective study of psoriasis patients seen in a university hospital in South Korea. Information about demographics, hematological parameters and disease severity were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t‐test, multivariable logistic regression, Fisher's exact test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis as appropriate. A total of 261 psoriasis patients and 102 healthy controls were included in our study. The mean RDW value was significantly increased in psoriasis patients compared with healthy control (P = 0.037). Compared with mild psoriasis patients (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index [PASI], <7), moderate to severe patients (PASI, ≥7) showed significantly higher RDW values (P = 0.044). However, RDW did not show significant correlation with PASI (P = 0.358). When patients were divided into two groups according to their RDW value (<14.6% and ≥14.6%), the mean value of PASI was not significantly different (P = 0.219). Patients with psoriasis showed increased RDW values compared with healthy controls. It was also higher in the moderate and severe disease group than the mild group. Though this is only a pilot study, it is possible that RDW value can reflect the inflammatory status of psoriasis patients.
Microbial and sponge loops modify fish production in phase‐shifting coral reefs
Authors: Silveira Cynthia B. , Silva‐Lima Arthur W. , Francini‐Filho Ronaldo B. , Marques Jomar S.M. , Almeida Marcelo G. , Thompson Cristiane C. , Rezende Carlos E. , Paranhos Rodolfo , Moura Rodrigo L. , Salomon Paulo S. , Thompson Fabiano L. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryShifts from coral to algae dominance of corals reefs have been correlated to fish biomass loss and increased microbial metabolism. Here we investigated reef benthic and planktonic primary production, benthic dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release and bacterial growth efficiency in the Abrolhos Bank, South Atlantic. Benthic DOC release rates are higher while water column bacterial growth efficiency is lower at impacted reefs. A trophic model based on the benthic and planktonic primary production was able to predict the observed relative fish biomass in healthy reefs. In contrast, in impacted reefs, the observed omnivorous fish biomass is higher, while that of the herbivorous/coralivorous fish is lower than predicted by the primary production‐based model. Incorporating recycling of benthic‐derived carbon in the model through microbial and sponge loops explains the difference and predicts the relative fish biomass in both reef types. Increased benthic carbon release rates and bacterial carbon metabolism, but decreased bacterial growth efficiency could lead to carbon losses through respiration and account for the uncoupling of benthic and fish production in phase‐shifting reefs. Carbon recycling by microbial and sponge loops seems to promote an increase of small‐bodied fish productivity in phase‐shifting coral reefs.
Development, diet and dynamism: longitudinal and cross‐sectional predictors of gut microbial communities in wild baboons
Authors: Ren Tiantian , Grieneisen Laura E. , Alberts Susan C. , Archie Elizabeth A. , Wu Martin 
Published: March 2015

SummaryGut bacterial communities play essential roles in host biology, but to date we lack information on the forces that shape gut microbiota between hosts and over time in natural populations. Understanding these forces in wild primates provides a valuable comparative context that enriches scientific perspectives on human gut microbiota. To this end, we tested predictors of gut microbial composition in a well‐studied population of wild baboons. Using cross‐sectional and longitudinal samples collected over 13 years, we found that baboons harbour gut microbiota typical of other omnivorous primates, albeit with an especially high abundance ofBifidobacterium. Similar to previous work in humans and other primates, we found strong effects of both developmental transitions and diet on gut microbial composition. Strikingly, baboon gut microbiota appeared to be highly dynamic such that samples collected from the same individual only a few days apart were as different from each other as samples collected over 10 years apart. Despite the dynamic nature of baboon gut microbiota, we identified a set of core taxa that is common among primates, supporting the hypothesis that microbiota codiversify with their host species. Our analysis identified two tentative enterotypes in adult baboons that differ from those of humans and chimpanzees.
Archaeal enrichment in the hypoxic zone in the northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Gillies Lauren E. , Thrash J. Cameron , deRada Sergio , Rabalais Nancy N. , Mason Olivia U. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryAreas of low oxygen have spread exponentially over the past 40 years, and are cited as a key stressor on coastal ecosystems. The world's second largest coastal hypoxic (≤2 mg of O2 l−1) zone occurs annually in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The net effect of hypoxia is the diversion of energy flow away from higher trophic levels to microorganisms. This energy shunt is consequential to the overall productivity of hypoxic water masses and the ecosystem as a whole. In this study, water column samples were collected at 39 sites in the nGOM, 21 of which were hypoxic. Analysis of the microbial community along a hypoxic to oxic dissolved oxygen gradient revealed that the relative abundance (iTag) of Thaumarchaeota species 16S rRNA genes (> 40% of the microbial community in some hypoxic samples), the absolute abundance (quantitative polymerase chain reaction; qPCR) of Thaumarchaeota 16S rRNA genes and archaeal ammonia‐monooxygenase gene copy number (qPCR) were significantly higher in hypoxic samples. Spatial interpolation of the microbial and chemical data revealed a continuous, shelfwide band of low dissolved oxygen waters that were dominated by Thaumarchaeota (and Euryarchaeota), amoA genes and high concentrations of phosphate in the nGOM, thus implicating physicochemical forcing on microbial abundance.
Interactions between genotype and environment drive the metabolic phenotype within Escherichia coli isolates
Authors: Sabarly Victor , Aubron Cécile , Glodt Jérémy , Balliau Thierry , Langella Olivier , Chevret Didier , Rigal Odile , Bourgais Aurélie , Picard Bertrand , de Vienne Dominique , Denamur Erick , Bouvet Odile , Dillmann Christine 
Published: March 2015

SummaryTo gain insights into the adaptation of the Escherichia coli species to different environments, we monitored protein abundances using quantitative proteomics and measurements of enzymatic activities of central metabolism in a set of five representative strains grown in four contrasted culture media including human urine. Two hundred and thirty seven proteins representative of the genome‐scale metabolic network were identified and classified into pathway categories. We found that nutrient resources shape the general orientation of metabolism through coordinated changes in the average abundances of proteins and in enzymatic activities that all belong to the same pathway category. For example, each culture medium induces a specific oxidative response whatever the strain. On the contrary, differences between strains concern isolated proteins and enzymes within pathway categories in single environments. Our study confirms the predominance of genotype by environment interactions at the proteomic and enzyme activity levels. The buffering of genetic variation when considering life‐history traits suggests a multiplicity of evolutionary strategies. For instance, the uropathogenic isolate CFT073 shows a deregulation of iron demand and increased oxidative stress response.
Binding Characteristics and Protective Capacity of Cyanidin‐3‐Glucoside and its Aglycon to Calf Thymus DNA
Authors: Zhang Chao , Guo Xiaofei , Cai Wenqian , Ma Yue , Zhao Xiaoyan 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe binding characteristics and protective capacity of cyanidin (Cy) and cyanidin‐3‐glucoside (C3G) to calf thymus DNA were explored for the first time. The Cy and C3G gave a bathochromic shift to the ultraviolet‐visible spectra of the DNA, indicating the formation of the DNA‐Cy and DNA‐C3G complexes. The complexes were formed by an intercalative binding mode based on the results of the fluorescence spectra and competitive binding analysis. Meanwhile, the Cy and C3G protected the DNA from the damage induced by the hydroxyl radical. The binding capacity and protective capacity of the C3G were stronger than that of the Cy. Furthermore, the formation of the DNA‐anthocyanin complexes was spontaneous when the hydrogen bond and hydrophobic force played a key role. Hence, the Cy and C3G could protect the DNA automatically from the damage induced by the hydroxyl radical.
Antimicrobial Effects of Essential Oils, Nisin, and Irradiation Treatments against Listeria monocytogenes on Ready‐to‐Eat Carrots
Authors: Ndoti‐Nembe Aude , Vu Khanh Dang , Doucet Nicolas , Lacroix Monique 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe study aimed at using essential oil (EO) alone or combined EO with nisin and low dose γ‐irradiation to evaluate their antibacterial effect against Listeria monocytogenes during storage of carrots at 4 °C. Minicarrots were inoculated with L. monocytogenes at a final concentration of approximately 7 log CFU/g. Inoculated samples were coated by nisin at final concentration of 103 International Unit (IU)/mL or individual mountain savory EO or carvacrol at final concentration of 0.35%, w/w) or nisin plus EO. The samples were then irradiated at 0, 0.5, and 1.0 kGy. The treated samples were kept at 4 °C and microbial analysis of samples were conducted at days 1, 3, 6, and 9. The results showed that coating carrots by carvacrol plus nisin or mountain savory plus nisin and then irradiating coated carrots at 1 kGy could reduce L. monocytogenes by more than 3 log at day 1 and reduced it to undetectable level from day 6. Thus, the combined treatments using nisin plus carvacrol or nisin plus mountain savory and irradiation at 1.0 kGy could be used as an effective method for controlling L. monocytogenes in minicarrots.