bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of craquelure patterns in paintings on canvas
Authors: Bury Marcin , Bratasz Łukasz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Canvas paintings are layered structures composed of canvas support sized with animal glue, a preparatory layer of the ground, and paint and varnish layers on the top. Preventing or limiting humidity-induced stresses in these structures requires an understanding of the relevant processes and risks. A three-dimensional model of a canvas painting was used to analyse stresses and crack development in the two-layer structure comprised of a glue-sized canvas on a wooden stretcher with a layer of stiff chalk-glue ground representing a pictorial layer in historic canvas paintings. The model was subjected to a large relative humidity fall which induced shrinkage of the glue-sized canvas. The modelling revealed that when a stretcher with flexible wooden bars is considered, high tensile stresses arise in the ground layer at the corners of the painting, and cracks are formed in these areas in the direction perpendicular to the painting’s diagonal. Ratios of critical distances between cracks to the ground layer thickness for which stresses in the midpoints between the cracks dropped to below the level inducing fracture in the material were estimated for various magnitudes of the relative humidity drop and thicknesses of the ground layer. Increasing ground layer thickness limits the hygric response of the sized canvas and makes the paintings less vulnerable to humidity variations. The ratio of stress along the diagonal calculated for painting with one crack to the solution without cracks was described by the double Lorentz function. A simple procedure of calculating stress variations along the diagonal ‒ using the function ‒ on a sequential addition of cracks was developed. Cracks in central parts of canvas painting were found to be induced by permanent cumulative drying shrinkage of the oil-based paints and grounds due to the evolution of the molecular composition of the oil binder. The outcome of the modelling indicated that the risk of cracking of the pictorial layers in canvas paintings due to drops in ambient relative humidity was small.
Coniacian (Late Cretaceous) echinoids from the southern Tethyan shelf (NE Algeria) with remarks on their palaeobiology and palaeobiogeography
Authors: Schlüter Nils , Slami Rafika , Benyoucef Madani , Garah Abdelmoumen , Kennedy William James , Walaszczyk Ireneusz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Thirteen echinoid taxa from Coniacian marl-limestone alternations in three sections south and east of Djebel Metlili, on the southwestern margin of the Aures Mountains in northeastern Algeria, are described: Rachiosoma rectilineatum, Phymosoma tamarinense, Phymosoma cf. mansour, Gomphechinus meslei, Coenholectypus serialis, Coenholectypus subcrassus, Parapygus coquandi, Petalobrissus trigonopygus, Petalobrissus rimula, Hemiaster sp., and Mecaster fourneli. Two taxa are newly described herein, Orthopsis metliliae sp. nov. and a new genus and species referred to the family Phymosomatoidae is erected here, Triboporus luluatus gen et sp. nov. A large amount of well-labeled material, comprising 579 specimens, was collected, with the fauna being dominated by the spatangoid Mecaster fourneli. The fauna exhibits typical characteristics of the Tethyan realm at the genus level; however, at the species level, most taxa are restricted to Algeria, with some also found in adjacent countries such as Tunisia and Egypt. The biostratigraphic framework relies on ammonites and inoceramids, indicating a lower to middle Coniacian age.
Neural Network Decoder for topological PlanarSurface Codes with Depolarizing noise model
Authors: GAN Qi-Di , Li Ao-Qing , Li Fan , Cheng Tao , Ma Hong-Yang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Decoding is the most important part of the error correction process. During thedecoding process, the main idea of this paper is to transfer the error measuredinside ancilla qubit to the boundary, and decompose the error into the productof stabilizer, logical error and pure error, stabilizer error do not affect logicalerror. Therefore, the result of error syndrome is only affected by pure error,while the error of stabilizer can be ignored. Decoding by neural network can takeadvantage of its high threshold and adaptability to training different codes. Thefocus of this work is to propose a suitable algorithm for neural network decodingof planar codes, so as to reduce the size of the neural network as much as possiblewithout compromising the decoding performance. Comparative experiments wereconducted using the minimum weight perfect matching(MWPM) decoder andthe neural network decoder to compare the decoding performance of planar codeswith code distances of 5, 7, and 9, respectively, demonstrating high threshold ofneural network decoder and its adaptability to training different codes. Takingthe planar code with code distance of 5 as an example, the pseudo-thresholdsobtained using the MWPM decoder and the neural network decoder are 0.005and 0.0068 respectively,increased by 36%. It shows that for planar code, theneural network decoder significantly outperforms the MWPM decoder.
Decoupling of economic growth from CO2 emissions: A case study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region
Authors: Fan Jingsen , Ma Kaige , Liu Yating , Fang Yinxiang , Chen Shikang , Song Xiao yan , Ma Shuxiao , Wei Changhe 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) integration strategy, crucial in China’s “double carbon” era, targets carbon emissions reduction alongside sustainable economic growth. However, existing research on carbon-economic coupling faces challenges in resolution and source classification. Our study employs high-resolution CO2 and GDP data by sub-industry (10*10 km) and Tapio decoupling model to analyze BTH’s dynamics (2000-2020). Results show a shift from rising to declining CO2 emissions during the 11th Five-Year Plan, followed by a rebound in the late 13th Five-Year Plan, driven by energy sector reductions. Beijing reached its carbon peak, while Tianjin and Hebei plateaued post-2012, with Hebei rebounding later. Industries like industrial production, construction, fuel processing, and chemicals are major CO2 contributors, growing imbalanced with economic levels. CO2-GDP coupling shifted from implicit decoupling to coupling (2000-2010) and weakly decoupled by 2015, except in areas like the Bohai Rim. By 2018, implicit coupling reemerged. Coupling fluctuates notably, with weaker performance near Beijing, influenced by the building trades. This research guides regional carbon reduction and sustainable economic development in BTH.
A Retrospective Study of Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab Biosimilar for Treatment of Membranous Nephropathy
Authors: Zou Yu-zhen , Du Xiao-li , Wang Shao-hong , Dai Rui , Ran Xiao , Wang Biao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Rituximab (RTX) is a monoclonal antibody targeting CD20, recommended by KDIGO guideline as fist line treatment for membranous nephropathy (MN). RTX biosimilar is the first biosimilar licensed in China in 2019 as HLX01. However, its efficacy and safety for MN treatment is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the the performance of RTX biosimilar for MN in the real-world setting.
Methods
This study retrospectively collected the medical records of 201 inpatients of MN treated with high-dose RTX biosimilar and followed up for one year from January 2020 to December 2022 at PUMCH. The efficacy was evaluated according to KDIGO guideline. Adverse reactions recorded in medical records during or after infusion were collected.
Results
Within one year of follow-up period, the overall effective rate of high-dose RTX biosimilar treatment for MN was 75.12% (151/201) with 53 patients achieving complete remission and 98 patients reaching partial remission. The median time to remission was 6 months. Among patients who gained remission, relapse rate was 7.95% (12/151) and among whom 7 patients gained remission again after re-administration. The overall effective rate was 78.79% (52/66) for treatment-naïve patients and 73.33% (99/135) for treated patients (P = 0.401). The adverse reactions included pruritus, flushed face, hypotension, fever, rash, oropharyngeal discomfort, chest distress, eyelid edema, nausea and vomiting, blocked or watery nose, with an overall incidence of 30.85% (62/201).
Conclusions
Rituximab biosimilar has acceptable efficacy and safety for MN patients, and the outcome is similar with that of innovator RTX product reported in literature, which may be taken as an alternative to innovator RTX as first-line treatment for MN.
Efficient sorption and secure immobilization of strontium ions onto nanoporous alumino-borosilicate as a new matrix
Authors: Abbasi Ali , Avanes Armen , Davarkhah Reza , Yadollahi Ali , Sepehrian Hamid 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The objective behind developing the nanoporous alumino-borosilicate (AlBS) was to remove strontium (Sr) from liquid waste and subsequently stabilize it. The sorption capacity of the nanoporous AlBS was assessed in relation to various experimental factors, including contact time, temperature, initial pH solution, and initial concentration of Sr. According to the obtained results, nanoporous AlBS shows a maximum Sr sorption capacity of 125.0 mg.g− 1. In order to achieve stable immobilization of the sorbed Sr ions, heat treatments at different temperatures were applied to the Sr-containing nanoporous AlBS. Various eluents were used in the leach tests to examine the Sr leaching from heat-treated materials. Only 3.43% of the Sr initially adsorbed in the nanoporous AlBS matrix was washed out with 1M sodium chloride eluent, showing that heating the sample to around 1100°C successfully trapped Sr in the nanoporous AlBS matrix.
How can regional power coordination drive a low-carbon transition in the power sector? --Evidence from China
Authors: Chi Yuanying , Zhang Yanzhao , Wu Yuxi , Zhou Wenbin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The power sector is the largest single sector in China in terms of carbon dioxide emissions, and low-carbon transformation of power is a crucial part of realizing the dual-carbon goal. The current research on the technical path of power transition mainly seeks technically and economically feasible transition solutions to minimize the transition cost of the power sector under carbon constraints. Still, there are relatively few studies from the perspective of regional coordination. For this reason, this paper constructs a fixed-effects panel model and a moderating-effects test model based on the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2012 to 2021. It analyzes the role of regional coordination in promoting the regional low-carbon transformation of electric power. The findings include: (1) there is a significant positive relationship between cross-provincial power transmission and electric power green total factor productivity, and the larger the scale of cross-provincial power transmission, the faster the speed of regional electric power low-carbon transition; (2) the heterogeneity analysis shows that cross-provincial power transmission promotes electric power green total factor productivity more significantly in regions with a larger scale of the electric power supply side and the electric power industry; (3) the moderating effect mechanism test The results show that cross-provincial power transmission plays a positive moderating role between the proportion of installed renewable energy and electric power green total factor productivity, and promotes the development of the structure of installed power in the direction of decarbonization. At the same time, cross-provincial power transmission plays a reverse regulating role between the total amount of installed power and green total factor productivity of power and accelerates the low-carbon transformation of regional power by promoting the rational allocation of resources, reducing the scale of regional installed power, and improving the efficiency of power capital investment.
The Effects of Kojic Acid Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) Following Traumatic Brain Injury: An Experimental Model
Authors: Negarandeh Reza , Jamshidi Mohammadreza , Saeedi Majid , nejad Pedram Ebrahim , Khezri Khadijeh , Aliabad Mohadeseh Khazaei , Hashemi Seyyed Mohammad Hassan , Khachaki Ali Siahposht 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Kojic acid (KA), a bioactive fungal compound, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from brain tissue destruction and is commonly acknowledged as the primary cause of death and impairment. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were used to transfer KA, a hydrophilic chemical, to the brain in this investigation and assess its impact on TBI complications.Methods In this experimental study, male Wistar rats were randomly separated into intact, sham, vehicle, TBI, KA solution, and KA-NLC groups, which underwent TBI by the Marmarou technique. An optimized formulation of KA-NLC was employed. Intraperitoneal injected thirty minutes after TBI. Brain edema, blood-brain barrier integrity, Veterinary Coma Scale, Vestibular Motor function tests, and inflammatory cytokines were assessed pre-traumatically, immediately after trauma recovery, and at 24, 48, and 72 hours’ post-trauma.Results The findings demonstrated that both KA solution and KA-NLC significantly reduced these differences compared to the control group (Sham and Intact). Additionally, the KA-NLC could reduce the required dose of KA compared to the KA solution, without compromising efficacy.Conclusion KA exhibited neuroprotective effects attributed to its ability to reduce brain edema, improve blood-brain barrier integrity, enhance neurological scores, and improve the function of the vestibular system. Furthermore, the use of NLC vesicles enabled increased and targeted delivery of hydrophilic drugs to the brain.
First demonstration of angular-momentum-resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy
Authors: Bertoni Giovanni , Tavabi Amir , Rosi Paolo , Rotunno Enzo , Belsito Luca , Roncaglia Alberto , Frabboni Stefano , Karimi Ebrahim , Tiemeijer Peter , Dunin-Borkowski Rafal , Grillo Vincenzo , Gazzadi Gian Carlo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Rotational invariance is a fundamental aspect of symmetry in scattering processes from atomic potentials. Here, we introduce a new approach for measuring orbital angular momentum (OAM), a key descriptor of rotational symmetry, during measurements of atomic transitions. We use an electron optical ‘OAM sorter’ in combination with electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) to perform a unified spectral analysis of the π* and σ* anti-bonding transitions in hexagonal boron nitride on the atomic scale. The approach allows multipolar transitions that are not accessible using conventional linear momentum-resolved EELS to be separated. It also offers prospects for greater efficiency in measurements of magnetic chiral dichroism.
Fatores de acesso associados à adesão à consulta pós-parto na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Baratieri Tatiane , Chaves Any Caroliny Pereira , De Oliveira Iria Barbara , Pelazza Bruno Bordin , Lentsck Maicon Henrique , Sangaleti Carine Teles , Pitilin Erica de Brito , Malaquias Tatiana da Silva Melo 
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Analisar os fatores de acesso à Atenção Primária à Saúde associados a adesão à consulta puerperal. Método: Estudo transversal, com dados de 19.177 puérperas que participaram da avaliação externa do terceiro ciclo do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (2017). A variável dependente foi a realização ou não de consulta puerperal e as variáveis independentes, agrupadas em níveis de forma hierarquizada, foram as sociodemográficas e econômicas, nível distal; e questões análogas ao acesso, nível proximal. A análise se deu por regressão logística múltipla. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que as mulheres que sabem o horário de funcionamento da unidade básica de saúde (OR= 1,30), têm seus problemas resolvidos (OR= 1,35), a unidade básica de saúde funciona cinco dias (OR= 1,27), procuram assistência na unidade básica de saúde como primeira escolha (OR= 1,27), avaliam positivamente a marcação de consulta (OR= 1,15), há agendamento diário de consulta na unidade básica de saúde (OR= 1,13), distância da casa até a unidade básica de saúde é inferior a 16 minutos (OR= 1,15) e para aquelas que o tempo de espera consulta de enfermagem é inferior a seis dias (OR= 1,11) têm mais chance de aderir à consulta puerperal. Conclusão: Essa pesquisa permitiu reconhecer os fatores de acesso que podem influenciar na adesão à consulta pós-parto, com destaque para a importância do tempo de espera para a consulta de enfermagem. A identificação de tais fatores contribui para organizar a assistência pós-parto a aprimorar o acesso das mulheres à consulta.
Prediction of long-term changes of weak diurnal stratification in shallow lakes using artificial neural networks
Authors: Török Sebestyén Dániel , Torma Péter 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Thermal stratification plays a key role in lakes' ecosystems. In contrast to deep lakes, the thermal structure of shallow polymictic lakes is characterized by a weak stratification with an apparent diurnal cycle. Long-term changes in stratification are governed by climate change and anthropogenic effects such as water level regulation. We developed a simple and robust model system consisting of an energy balance model to estimate depth-averaged water temperatures and an artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict stratification with high temporal resolution. One novelty of our approach is that instead of directly estimating water temperatures at different depths, we simulated the potential energy anomaly index, the indicator of stratification's strength. The ANN-based model's performance was assessed against a physical-based one-dimensional model (General Ocean Turbulence Model) by modeling a 40-year-long period from 1981 to 2020. The new model accurately predicts a shallow lake's weak stratification and its diurnal cycle. Besides, the model proved reliable on longer time scales, capturing the effect of climate change, anthropogenic water level regulation, and their synergistic interaction on the change of stratification's intensity and duration.
Quantitative assessment of runoff change and its drivers in a multi-scale framework
Authors: Guo Wenxian , Yu Zhiqian , He Ning , Chen Wenxiong , Sun Chaohui , Lan Jiaqi , Li Yanhua , Wang Bing , Wang Hongxiang 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Identifying runoff changes and quantifying the impacts of climate change and human activities are important for water resources planning and management in river basins. The impacts of climate change and human activities on runoff can be more accurately assessed through scientific hydrological modeling and data analysis methods. In this study, an integrated assessment framework was established to quantitatively separate the driving mechanisms of runoff at different time scales. The results show that the runoff of Wu River has shown a decreasing trend since 2004, with a change degree of 56%, and the monthly average flow indexes of August and September have changed significantly, both are over 90%. The NSE coefficient of the SWAT simulation effect is above 0.8, we validate the simulation results based on the LSTM model. It was found that climate change was the main factor affecting the runoff of Wu River, with the contribution rates reaching 60 and 57%, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis found that rainfall was the most important factor affecting the runoff. The results of this study are helpful to formulate effective water resources management policies and measures to ensure the sustainable utilization and management of water resources in the Wu River Basin.
Projection of future rainfall events over the Beas River basin, Western Himalaya, using shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) from CMIP6
Authors: Kant Chander , Meena Ray Singh 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
The analysis of rainfall variability has significant implications for environmental studies since it influences the agrarian economy of regions such as the western Himalayas. The main objective of this research is to identify future precipitation trends in parts of the Beas River basin using modeled data from three models employed in the Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6. The ACCESS, CanESM, and NorESM models were utilized to obtain modeled meteorological data from 2015 to 2100 (86 years). Data from global climate models were downscaled to the regional level and validated with the India Meteorological Department (IMD). Mention that the modeled data were downscaled from the regional level to the local level. The nonparametric trends test, modified Mann–Kendall, and Sen's slope estimator (Q) were employed to detect the trend and magnitude. Furthermore, the sub-trends of the data series were evaluated utilizing the innovative trend analysis (ITA) approach. Results have shown a significant increasing trend in future timescales, indicating the more frequent extreme events in the basin under all scenarios. The basin has shown a maximum slope of 24.9 (ITA) and 12.2 (Sen's slope).This study findings hold significant implications for policymakers and water resource managers.
Drought evaluation using various evapotranspiration models over semi-arid river basins
Authors: Kumari Pallavi , Shaik Rehana , Vannam Sharath Chandra , Singh Shailesh Kumar 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Multivariate drought indices including various hydrological processes into account can be more valuable under climatic and anthropogenic changes. Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and Standardized precipitation Actual Evapotranspiration Index (SPAEI) are the drought indices used to estimate drought index, considering precipitation, and evapotranspiration (ET) into account. Many studies used empirical, machine learning, and process-based model estimates of ET for the calculation of drought indices of SPEI and SPAEI. However, the sensitivity of ET estimates on drought characteristics at the catchment scale is highly complex. The present study aimed to include and analyze the sensitivity of various approaches of empirical (Budyko, Penman–Monteith, Hargreaves, and Turc), modeled (SWAT), and remote sensing (MODIS) in the drought characterization using SPEI and SPAEI. The present methodology was tested on a dry-sub-humid river catchment of India, the Tunga-Bhadra River catchment for the period of 2000–2012. The performance of statistical indicators (Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency and R2) for SPEI values by various empirical methods of Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) (i) Penman–Monteith (ii) Hargreaves against remote sensing PET were 0.93 and 0.95, respectively, which are high in comparison with SWAT simulated PET-based SPEI values, which shows NSE values of 0.85 against remote sensing PET-based SPEI.