bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profile of cadets' learnER autonomy as a benchmark for self-directed learning
Authors: Шатова А.В. 
Published: August 2024

Формирование учебной автономии выступает актуальной проблемой педагогической науки и образовательной практики. Учебная автономия позволяет реализовать потенциал самоуправляемого обучения, обеспечивает способность применять знания, компетенции, учебный опыт в разнообразных образовательных ситуациях. Способность управлять учебно-познавательной деятельностью, развитие компетенций учебной автономии влияет на мотивацию курсантов, успех учебного процесса в целом. Все это способствует актуализации научно-практической проблемы формирования учебной автономии курсантов в образовательном процессе. Проведенный анализ научных исследований в области учебной автономии показал, что содержание учебной автономии раскрывается посредством взаимосвязанной системы академических мотивов, личностных ценностей, профессиональных умений, учебных способностей, метапредметных и предметных знаний, опыта применения универсальных способов деятельности, сформированных в образовательном процессе. Структура учебной автономии курсантов представляет собой целостность компонентов, обусловленную их интегративной сущностью. Определены сущностные характеристики учебной автономии курсантов и разработан компонентный состав, включающий мотивационный, метакогнитивный, деятельностный и рефлексивный компоненты. В свою очередь, полученные данные послужили основой для конструирования профиля учебной автономии курсантов, позволили описать компетенции и уровни их проявления в составе выявленных компонентов.
The formation of learner autonomy is an actual problem of pedagogical science and educational practice. Learner autonomy allows to realise the potential of self-directed learning, provides the ability to apply knowledge, competences, learning experience in a variety of educational situations. The ability to manage learning and cognitive activity, the development of competences of learner autonomy affects the motivation of cadets, the success of the learning process as a whole. All this contributes to the actualisation of the scientific and practical problem of formation of cadets' learner autonomy in the educational process. The analysis of scientific research in the field of learner autonomy has shown that the content of learner autonomy is revealed through an interrelated system of academic motives, personal values, professional skills, learning abilities, meta-subject and subject knowledge, experience of applying universal ways of activity formed in the educational process. The structure of cadets' learner autonomy is an integrity of components due to their integrative essence. The essential characteristics of cadets' learner autonomy have been determined and the component composition including motivational, metacognitive, activity and reflexive components has been developed. In turn, the obtained data served as a basis for constructing the profile of cadets' learner autonomy, allowed to describe the competences and levels of their manifestation within the identified components.
El uso de canteras en el valle del Diamante: un enfoque desde la arqueología distribucional
Authors: Franchetti Fernando Ricardo , Otaola Clara , Giardina Miguel Angel 
Published: August 2024

The distributional studies in the Diamante valley, northwestern Patagonia, allowed the comparison in the use of space between ecological zones, with robust results in piedmont and highlands. The analysis of densities of archaeological materials and the lithic organization helped to detect presence of sources of basalts, cryptocrystalline and other raw materials. The piedmont showed more presence of basalt secondary sources and a source of rhyolites located at 2km from water sources. In the highlands, a diminished used of basalts complements with higher use of cryptocrystalline and obsidian rocks. These results show the importance of the Regional Lithic Resources Base for the lithic organization, with a predominant use of local raw materials. The results for the Diamante valley indicate: 1) basalts and cryptocrystalline rocks were used by embedded acquisition during other subsistence activities. 2) The use of sources of other raw materials was done in context of higher distance to water sources. 3) The incorporation of obsidians occurs in minimal proportions, linked mainly to mitigate risk in highlands occupations.
Standard Classroom Capacity: Effective of Learning Activities in Malaysian Primary School Buildings
Authors: Maharam Nur Atirah , Norazman Norsafiah 
Published: August 2024

The teaching and learning process needs to be carried out formally in the classroom, which is the main learning space in the school system. This should be implemented effectively to achieve a level of comfort for students. The capacity of a classroom can affect the way the teacher teaches and the level of student understanding. Classroom capacity needs to be emphasized to encourage and maintain student motivation for continuous learning, especially at the primary school level. This study aims to analyse classroom capacity in order to improve student comfort in the primary school building and thus enhance the effectiveness of learning. The qualitative method used for conducting the study is the method used in this research to measure the predicted findings. The present area of 15 randomly chosen classrooms was measured (Width X Length) using a qualitative method that also included semi-structured interviews. The findings of the study show that 50 percent of classroom capacity in primary school buildings comply with existing guidelines, established design rules and classroom area requirements. The current classroom size is 2.25 m2 per student with a significant increase in student satisfaction during the teaching and learning process. However, the findings from the semi-structured interviews highlight interesting points in relation to the appropriateness of classroom capacity. Teachers think that classroom capacity affects students' level of comfort. Respondents agreed that the capacity of a classroom is effective with a maximum of 26 students. This research paper emphasizes the importance of compliance with classroom physical performance standards in primary school buildings to increase the comfort level of students in the classroom. The research presented here provides current information, knowledge, and findings regarding actual classroom capacity in primary school buildings data that could have an impact on students' comfort. During the formative learning phase, very little meaningful attention is paid to the areas where students spend the majority of their weekdays. As a result, this can support experts in the fields of school building management, building facilities, and other related fields in determining and implementing the right classroom capacity in schools generally.
Case Report on Stab Injury to the Heart by Knife
Authors: Shirazi Zara , Kumari Usha , Abbas Fakhar , Manjunath Keerthana , Bangash Sohail 
Published: August 2024

We present a rare case of a child with penetrating cardiac injury (PCI) with a knife and its successful repair. A 10-year-old boy was brought to the emergency department with penetrating injury under the nipple on the left side of the chest, with entrance sized 1x0.5 cm, in a hemodynamically unstable condition. Physical examination showed findings suggestive of cardiac tamponade and shock. Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) and echocardiography visualized pericardial effusion, and chest X-ray showed left pleural effusion. Needle thoracentesis was performed, followed by urgent sternotomy. Right ventricular tear of size 1x1cm visualized and repaired. The left pleura was drained blood up to 800 milliliters. The pericardium was closed with sutures. We then placed retrosternal and pericardial drains and sealed the chest with wire sutures at the sternum. During the induction of anesthesia, the patient underwent cardiac arrest, immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation revived the patient and surgery was performed. Here, expertise lies in performing the procedure on a pumping heart without cardiac bypass. In addition, the most common cause of PCI is an intentional gunshot injury in adults. In contrast, our case presents the accidental nature of injury in children by knife, which makes this interesting. Therefore, we documented our experience of this rare finding. In addition, we present a literature review about penetrating injury to the heart, focused on the pediatric population and survival, morbidity, and mortality of the condition with and without access to the hospital.
Correlation Between Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Content and Testosterone Content in Young Healthy Males: A Single Center Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Khan Sara , Bashir Sibgha , Siddiqa Ayesha , Hafeez Rizwan , Iftikhar Anum , Ehsan Urwah 
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The current study is conducted to compare serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and total testosterone in young, physically fit adult males.
Study Design: the study was based on cross sectional design.
Study Settings: The research was conducted in Department of Pathology, Shahida Islam Medical and Dental College situated in District Lodhran between 1st July, 2023 and December, 2023.
Methods: This cross-sectional research, which took place at the Department of Pathology at Shahida Islam Medical and Dental College in Lodhran from July 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023, had 176 young male volunteers, all between the ages of 18 and 35. Each participant was given questionnaires to fill out on their prior medical history, food habits, and rigorous exercise levels. Every participant had their blood drawn following a 12-hour fast and a 24-hour period without physical exercise. Separating serum was done with a centrifuge. The blood concentration of LH, FSH, total testosterone, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured by electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA).
Results: A total of 176 individuals in good health were registered, with a mean age of 26.62±5.20 years. The presence of vitamin D of less than 10 ng/ml, between 10–20 ng/ml, and greater than 20 ng/ml were reported in 70 (39.8%), 76 (43.2%), and 30 (17.0%) individuals, accordingly. The mean hormone levels (TT, FSH, and LH) in the three 25(OH)D groups did not vary statistically. Our findings showed that there existed no statistically substantial relationship in the categories under study between 25(OH)D and LH, FSH, and TT.
Conclusion: We found little variation in the condition of the 25(OH)D concentration and the average hormonal measurements (LH, FSH, and TT). Based on these data, we concluded that in young, healthy guys, there is no relationship between testosterone concentrations and deficient or inadequate 25(OH)D level.
تأثير استخدام وسيلة سجل القصاصات في تحسين مهارة الكتابة لطلاب الصف العاشر في المدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الإصلاح بوكيت تنجي
Authors: Ahmad Jezy  , Oktarina Yusra  , Eka Rizal  , Nurhasnah  , Mohd Shauki Bik Bin Mohd Kasim  
Published: August 2024

يهدف هذا البحث لمعرفة كيفية إتمام استخدام وسيلة سجل القصاصات في تعليم مهارة الكتابة في المدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الإصلاح بوكيت تنجي. ولمعرفة مدى تأثير استخدام وسيلة سجل القصاصات في تحسين مهارة الكتابة لطلاب الصف العاشر في المدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الإصلاح بوكيت تنجي. يستخدم الباحث المدخل الكمي وطريقة شبه التجربة. يستخدم الباحث المدخل الكمي انتجه الطريقة شبه التجربة (Quasi Experiment). ويستخدم الباحث تصميم مجموعة غير متكافئ (Nonequivalent control Group Design). يستخدم الباحث أسلوب الاختبار التائي (T tes) لتحليل البيانات. معدل نتائج الاختبار القبلي لدى الطلاب في تعليم مهارة الكتابة 68,17 للفصل التجربي و69,96 للفصل الضابط. وبعد استخدام وسيلة سجل القصاصات في تعليم مهارة الكتابة، قام الباحث الاختبار البعدي، وكان معدل نتائج الطلاب 78,46 للفصل التجربي و71,38 للفصل الضابط. أما نتائج هذا البحث فيما يلي: كيفية استخدام وسيلة سجل القصاصات في تعليم مهارة الكتابة تتكون من ثلاث مراحل، وهي إعداد، وتنفيذ، وتقويم. ومن نتائج الاختبار معامل التحديد ((r squer أن مدى تأثير استخدام وسيلة سجل القصاصات في تحسين مهارة الكتابة لطلاب هو 70,2%. ووصل الباحث إلى الخلصة أن استخدام وسيلة سجل القصاصات لها تأثير إيجابي في تحسين مهارة الكتابة لطلاب الصف العاشر في المدرسة الثانوية الإسلامية الإصلاح بوكيت تنجي. وهذا يعني أن استخدام وسيلة سجل القصاصات في تعليم مهارة الكتابة يمكن أن يحسن مهارة الكتابة لدى الطلاب.
تأثير تطبيق نموذج التعليم القبيح (المزاج، الفهم، التكرار، المطالعة، التنميّة، المراجعة) على نتائج تعليمية اللّغة العربية للطلاب في المدرسة المتوسطة الإسلامية الإصلاح بوكيت تنجي
Authors: Sri Wahyuni  , Nurhasnah  , Fajriyani Arsya  , Oktarina Yusra  , Mochammad Indra Yumanto  
Published: August 2024

غرض هذا البحث لمعرفة تأثير تطبيق نموذج التعليم MURDER على نتائج تعليم اللّغة العربية للطلاب في المدرسة المتوسطة الإسلامية الإصلاح بوكيت تنجي. تستخدم الباحثة المدخل الكمي انتجه الطريقة شبه التجربة (Quasi Experiment). المجتمع في هذا البحث هو جميع طلاب الصف الثامن. وأمّا عينة البحث أربعة وخمسون (54) طالبا. أخذت الباحثة 27 طالبا للفصل التجربي و27 طالبا للفصل الضابط. أم أدوات البحث المستخدمة في هذا البحث هي الاختبار والتوثيق. استخدم الباحث أسلوب الاختبار التاء (T-tes) لتحليل البيانات. معدل نتائج الاختبار القبلي للفصل التجريبي 70.37 وللفصل الضابط 71.48، وبعد تطبيق نموذج التعليم MURDER في تعليم اللغة العربية قامت الباحثة بالاختبار البعدي، وكان معدل نتائج الطلاب للفصل التجريبي 78.88، وللفصل الضابط 72.22. وبناء على اختبار t أن نتيجة الاحتمال الأصغر من مستوى الأهمية (0.000 < 0.05) أن الفرضية البديلة (Ha) مقبولة ويتم رفض الفرضية الصفرية (H0). ووصلت الباحثة إلى الخلصة أن تطبيق نموذج التعليم MURDER لها تأثير إيجابي على نتائج تعلم اللّغة العربية للطلاب في المدرسة المتوسطة الإسلامية الإصلاح بوكيت تنجي.
An Expanding Accretion Disk and a Warm Disk Wind as Seen in the Spectral Evolution of HBC 722
Authors: Carvalho Adolfo , Hillenbrand Lynne , Seebeck Jerome , Covey Kevin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of the post-outburst evolution of the FU Ori object HBC 722 in optical/near-infrared (NIR) photometry and spectroscopy. Using a modified viscous accretion disk model, we fit the outburst epoch spectral energy distribution to determine the physical parameters of the disk, including

M

̇

acc

=

10

−
4.0

M

⊙

yr−1, R
inner = 3.65 R
⊙, i = 79°, and a maximum disk temperature of

T

max

=
5700

K. We then use a decade of optical/NIR spectra to demonstrate a changing accretion rate drives the visible-range photometric variation, while the NIR shows the outer radius of the active accretion disk expands outward as the outburst progresses. We also identify the major components of the disk system: a plane-parallel disk atmosphere in Keplerian rotation and a two-part warm disk wind that is collimated near the star and wide-angle at larger radii. The wind is traced by classic wind lines, and appears as a narrow, low-velocity, deep absorption component in several atomic lines spanning the visible spectrum and in the CO 2.29 μm band. We compare the wind lines to those computed from wind models for other FU Ori systems and rapidly accreting young stellar disks and find a 4000–6000 K wind can explain the observed line profiles. Fitting the progenitor spectrum, we find M
* = 0.2 M
⊙ and

M

̇

progenitor

=
7.8
×

10

−
8

M

⊙

yr

−
1

. Finally, we discuss HBC 722 relative to V960 Mon, another FU Ori object we have previously studied in detail.
Diverse Oxygen Abundance in Early Galaxies Unveiled by Auroral Line Analysis with JWST
Authors: Morishita Takahiro , Stiavelli Massimo , Grillo Claudio , Rosati Piero , Schuldt Stefan , Trenti Michele , Bergamini Pietro , Boyett Kit , Chary Ranga-Ram , Leethochawalit Nicha , Roberts-Borsani Guido , Treu Tommaso , Vanzella Eros 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present deep JWST NIRSpec observations in the sight line of MACS J1149.5+2223, a massive cluster of galaxies at z = 0.54. We report the spectroscopic redshift of 28 sources at 3 < z < 9.1, including nine sources with the detection of the

O

III

λ
4363

auroral line. Combining these with 16

O

III

λ
4363

-detected sources from publicly available JWST data, our sample consists of 25 galaxies with robust gas-phase metallicity measurements via the direct method. We observe a positive correlation between stellar mass and metallicity, with an ∼0.5 dex offset down below the local relation. Interestingly, we find a larger-than-expected scatter of ∼0.3 dex around the relation, which cannot be explained by redshift evolution among our sample or other third parameters. The scatter increases at higher redshift, and we tentatively attribute this to the enrichment process having higher stochasticity, due to shallower potential wells, more intense feedback processes, and a higher galaxy merger rate. Despite reaching a considerably low-mass regime (

log

M

*

/

M

⊙

∼
7.3

), our samples have metallicity of

log
(
O

/

H
)

+12 ≳ 7, i.e., comparable to the most metal-poor galaxies in the local Universe. The search for primordial galaxies may be accomplished by extending toward a lower mass and/or by investigating inhomogeneities at smaller spatial scales. Lastly, we investigate potential systematics caused by the limitation of JWST’s Micro-Shutter Assembly observations. Caution is warranted when the target exceeds the slit size, as this situation could allow an overestimation of global metallicity, especially under the presence of a strong negative metallicity gradient.
Star Formation, Nebulae, and Active Galactic Nuclei in CLASH Brightest Cluster Galaxies. I. Dependence on Core Entropy of Intracluster Medium
Authors: Levitskiy Arsen , Lim Jeremy , Ohyama Youichi , Li Juno , Donahue Megan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We set the stage for reassessing how star formation, emission-line nebulae, and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) depend on the thermodynamics of the intracluster medium (ICM). Our work is based on the 25 clusters observed in the CLASH program for which the aforementioned attributes in their BCGs can be well scrutinized, as has the thermodynamics of their ICM. Nine of these BCGs display complex UV morphologies tracing recent star formation, whereas the remaining 16 are characterized by a relatively compact central UV enhancement. Here, we show definitively that three of the latter BCGs also display star formation, whereas the diffuse UV of the remaining 13 is entirely consistent with old low-mass stars. The overall results support the previously established dependence of star formation and nebulae in BCGs on an “excess core entropy,” K
0, for the ICM: all 11 clusters with K
0 ≤ 24 keV cm2 (but only one of 14 clusters with K
0 ≥ 42 keV cm2) host star-forming BCGs that almost if not always possess nebulae. Instead of an entropy floor, we show that K
0 reflects the degree to which the radial entropy profile decreases inward within ∼100 kpc rather than (except perhaps at large K
0) actually flattening: clusters with lower ICM entropies and hence shorter cooling times at their cores preferentially host BCGs displaying star formation, nebulae, and more radio-luminous AGNs. Nearly all BCGs possess detectable AGNs, however, indicating multiple pathways for fuelling their AGNs.
Sensitivity-improved Polarization Maps at 40 GHz with CLASS and WMAP Data
Authors: Shi 时 Rui 瑞 , Appel John W. , Bennett Charles L. , Bustos Ricardo , Chuss David T. , Dahal Sumit , Denes Couto Jullianna , Eimer Joseph R. , Essinger-Hileman Thomas , Harrington Kathleen , Iuliano Jeffrey , Li 李 Yunyang 云炀 , Marriage Tobias A. , Petroff Matthew A. , Rostem Karwan , Song 宋 Zeya 泽雅 , Valle Deniz A. N. , Watts Duncan J. , Weiland Janet L. , Wollack Edward J. , Xu 徐 Zhilei 智磊 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Improved polarization measurements at frequencies below 70 GHz with degree-level angular resolution are crucial for advancing our understanding of the Galactic synchrotron radiation and the potential polarized anomalous microwave emission and ultimately benefiting the detection of primordial B modes. In this study, we present sensitivity-improved 40 GHz polarization maps obtained by combining the CLASS 40 GHz and Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Q-band data through a weighted average in the harmonic domain. The decision to include WMAP Q-band data stems from similarities in the bandpasses. Leveraging the accurate large-scale measurements from the WMAP Q band and the high-sensitivity information from the CLASS 40 GHz band at intermediate scales, the noise level at ℓ ∈ [30, 100] is reduced by a factor of 2–3 in the map space. A pixel domain analysis of the polarized synchrotron spectral index (β

s
) using the WMAP K band and the combined maps (mean and 16th/84th percentiles across the β

s
map:

−

3.08

−
0.20

+
0.20

) reveals a stronger preference for spatial variation (probability to exceed for a uniform β

s
hypothesis smaller than 0.001) than the results obtained using WMAP K and Ka bands (

−

3.08

−
0.14

+
0.14

). The cross-power spectra of the combined maps follow the same trend as other low-frequency data, and validation through simulations indicates negligible bias introduced by the combination method (subpercent level in the power spectra). The products of this work are publicly available on LAMBDA (https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/class/class_prod_table.html).
Reliability of In-band and Broadband Spectral Index Measurement: Systematic Study of the Effect of Signal-to-noise Ratio for uGMRT Data
Authors: Rashid Md , Roy Nirupam , Pandian J. D. , Dutta Prasun , Dokara R. , Vig S. , Menten K. M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Low-radio-frequency spectral index measurements are a powerful tool for distinguishing between different emission mechanisms and, in turn, understanding the nature of the sources. Besides the standard method of estimating the “broadband” spectral index of sources from observations in two different frequency “bands,” if the observations were made with large instantaneous bandwidth, the “in-band” spectral index can be determined, either using images of emission at multiple frequency ranges within a band or using the novel Multi Term-Multi Frequency Synthesis (MT-MFS) imaging algorithm. Here, using simulated upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGMRT) data, we have systematically studied the reliability of various methods of spectral index estimation for sources with a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns). It is found that for synthetic uGMRT point-source data, the MT-MFS imaging algorithm produces in-band spectral indices for S/N ≲ 100 that have errors ≳0.2, making them unreliable. However, at a similar S/N, the sub-band splitting method produces errors ≲0.2, which are more accurate and unbiased than the in-band spectral indices. The broadband spectral indices produce errors ≲0.2 even for S/N ≳ 15, and hence they are most reliable if there are no higher-order variations in the spectral index. These results may be used to improve the uGMRT observation and data analysis strategies, depending on the brightness of the target source.