bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring how South African handicraft entrepreneurs can use self-schema and brand love to foster positive word-of-mouth from customers
Authors: Kuhn Stefanie Wilhelmina , van der Westhuizen Liezl-Marié 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
Handicraft entrepreneurs often lack the marketing funding needed to achieve brand awareness and, ultimately, sales. While positive word-of-mouth (WOM) from customers can bridge the funding gap, handicraft entrepreneurs may not have knowledge of how to generate WOM effectively. The purpose of this study is to examine role of self-schema and brand love in generating positive WOM in a developing country research context, namely, South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a quantitative approach. A survey was completed by 250 South African respondents who purchase handmade home décor items. The interrelationships between constructs were analysed using covariance-based structural equation modelling.

Findings
Self-schema and brand love are instrumental in generating positive WOM, albeit via different underlying mechanisms. Brand love mediates the relationships between self-schema (inner- and social self) and positive WOM.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the entrepreneurial marketing (EM) field theoretically by providing a needed customer perspective for EM strategies from a developing country. Moreover, by considering underlying cognitive and emotional processes that underpin WOM, the authors demonstrate how handicraft entrepreneurs can use customers as a resource in their marketing strategy. Practical recommendations for handicraft entrepreneurs and policymakers are also offered.
Knowledge sharing decision-making under stochastic factors in platform ecosystems: the diversified participants' perspective
Authors: Xu Hongdan , Wang Jiuhe 
Published: July 2024

PurposeKnowledge sharing is critical to creating value in platform ecosystems. However, participants refrain from sharing knowledge and even engage in free-riding behavior, thereby causing the value co-destruction of the platform ecosystems. To encourage knowledge sharing among participants, it is essential to analyze the influencing factors and decision-making mechanisms of knowledge sharing in the platform ecosystems.Design/methodology/approachThe study investigated the issue of knowledge sharing among participants in platform ecosystems, based on the stochastic differential game model. Considering the uncertain factors, the Nash non-cooperative game, Stackelberg leader-follower game, and cooperative game models were proposed. By utilizing system dynamics and numerical simulations, the key influencing factors and mechanisms of knowledge sharing were deeply explored, consequently providing game solutions to achieve the Pareto optimality of the ecosystem.FindingsParticipants' innovation capability and the marginal benefits of knowledge-sharing positively impact knowledge-sharing decisions, while the environmental knowledge decay rate has a negative influence. The platform subsidy mode enhances the knowledge-sharing effect, and the collaborative cooperation mode can realize the Pareto optimization of the system.Practical implicationsThe research findings will provide theoretical support for fostering knowledge innovation and sustainable development of platform ecosystems. Managers should cultivate an innovative environment, establish fair reward mechanisms, and utilize subsidies to promote knowledge sharing, leading to higher value creation.Originality/valueUtilizing the stochastic differential game model, the study proposed various game-theoretic frameworks to analyze participants' knowledge-sharing strategies. The integration of system dynamics and numerical simulations provides a practical approach to understanding the key influencing factors and decision-making processes.
Digital economy empowered entrepreneurship
Authors: Huang Malan , Hua Minghui , Li Jin , Han Yanqi 
Published: July 2024

PurposeAs an important engine of economic growth, the digital economy is bringing new opportunities for the promotion of entrepreneurship. However, key questions regarding the extent of the effect of the digital economy on entrepreneurship remain unanswered. This study examines how the digital economy influences entrepreneurship in China using provincial data from 2011–2020, applying convergence tests and spatial econometric models.Design/methodology/approachBased on theoretical analysis and using macro provincial data covering the period of 2011–2020, we adopt a diversified empirical analytical method and apply a combination of the convergence trend test, spatial auto correlation test, and spatial Durbin model to test the research hypotheses.FindingsFirst, there is spatial correlation between the digital economy and entrepreneurship. Second, the overall trend of China’s digital economy shows s convergence, with the whole country and the eastern region showing absolute β convergence and the whole country as well as the central and western regions showing β conditional convergence. Third, the digital economy can significantly promote entrepreneurship and has spatial spillover effects. Moreover, higher education has a negative moderating effect on the process of digital economy empowering entrepreneurship.Research limitations/implicationsStudying the spatially correlated impacts of the digital economy on entrepreneurship enhances our understanding of its contribution to economic growth. Policy-makers can use these findings to develop targeted digital infrastructure investments in lagging provinces, guide entrepreneurs to better grasp the opportunities of the digital economy, and provide support for innovation and entrepreneurship. The findings also could offer Chinese experience that can be used to guide developing countries in utilizing the digital economy to enable entrepreneurship.Originality/valueThis paper expands and enriches the analytical focus on digital economy-empowered entrepreneurship and complements the current theoretical research on the moderating effect of the digital economy in empowering entrepreneurship.
Modelling bridge deterioration using long short-term memory neural networks: a deep learning-based approach
Authors: Abu Dabous Saleh , Ibrahim Fakhariya , Alzghoul Ahmad 
Published: July 2024

PurposeBridge deterioration is a critical risk to public safety, which mandates regular inspection and maintenance to ensure sustainable transport services. Many models have been developed to aid in understanding deterioration patterns and in planning maintenance actions and fund allocation. This study aims at developing a deep-learning model to predict the deterioration of concrete bridge decks.Design/methodology/approachThree long short-term memory (LSTM) models are formulated to predict the condition rating of bridge decks, namely vanilla LSTM (vLSTM), stacked LSTM (sLSTM), and convolutional neural networks combined with LSTM (CNN-LSTM). The models are developed by utilising the National Bridge Inventory (NBI) datasets spanning from 2001 to 2019 to predict the deck condition ratings in 2021.FindingsResults reveal that all three models have accuracies of 90% and above, with mean squared errors (MSE) between 0.81 and 0.103. Moreover, CNN-LSTM has the best performance, achieving an accuracy of 93%, coefficient of correlation of 0.91, R2 value of 0.83, and MSE of 0.081.Research limitations/implicationsThe study used the NBI bridge inventory databases to develop the bridge deterioration models. Future studies can extend the model to other bridge databases and other applications in the construction industry.Originality/valueThis study provides a detailed and extensive data cleansing process to address the shortcomings in the NBI database. This research presents a framework for implementing artificial intelligence-based models to enhance maintenance planning and a guideline for utilising the NBI or other bridge inventory databases to develop accurate bridge deterioration models. Future studies can extend the model to other bridge databases and other applications in the construction industry.
Density dependence only affects increase rates in baleen whale populations at high abundance levels
Authors: Kanaji Yu , Williams Rob , Zerbini Alexandre N. , Branch Trevor A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Most baleen whale populations are increasing after the end of industrial whaling, but their recovery patterns challenge long‐standing assumptions about density dependence.

It has long been assumed that population growth rates will decline with recovery, until reaching equilibrium (‘carrying capacity’, K). Indeed, the International Whaling Commission assumes that growth rates will slow long before K is reached, with maximum productivity at 0.6K. This 0.6K population level is used as an international benchmark that forms the basis of whaling regulations and decisions about whether baleen whale populations are declared depleted.

We fit models to four long‐term data sets for baleen whales with multiple abundance estimates that span the range from low to high abundance, finding strong evidence that increase rates remain at near‐maximal levels across a wide range of abundance levels, and only decline as the population nears K. As a result, maximum productivity occurs at 0.69–0.87 of K across these populations, which predicts more rapid recovery for baleen whale populations than currently assumed. The overall mean of these values (0.8K) would be a more sensible default choice than the 0.6K currently assumed.

Synthesis and applications. Estimated recovery rates imply that management thresholds currently used are lower than actual maximum productivity and that populations can increase rapidly even at high abundance. However, if population models continue to assume that maximum productivity is at 0.6K, they will estimate abundance relative to K to be lower than it is, providing conservative assessment results. Our results should stimulate further discussion about the role of maximum sustainable yield as a fundamental concept in fisheries and wildlife management.
NGO Activism and Anti‐Corruption Disclosures: An Empirical Study of Emerging Economy Multinational Companies
Authors: Islam Shah Md Taha , Islam Muhammad Azizul , Khan Zaheer 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBuilding on social movement theory, we investigate particular stakeholder contexts, including non‐governmental organization (NGO) activism, within which emerging economy multinational companies (EMNCs) are more likely to disclose anti‐corruption information. By leveraging Transparency International's unique dataset on anti‐corruption disclosures by EMNCs, we find that EMNCs disclose more anti‐corruption information in countries with a lower level of government oppression of NGOs, greater transparency of NGOs, as well as a greater number of anti‐corruption NGOs operating in such markets. EMNCs with a higher level of internationalization exhibit more anti‐corruption disclosures when they are based in countries with a higher level of NGO transparency and a lower level of government oppression of NGOs. Anti‐corruption disclosures of EMNCs are more responsive to corruption scandals when they are headquartered in less repressive countries and countries with a higher level of NGO transparency. This study provides original insights into whether and how the NGO‐driven social movement process in institutional environments plays a role in influencing the anti‐corruption disclosure and transparency practices of EMNCs. We argue that, within the context of emerging economies, unless we consider the interactions of NGO activism with internationalization and corruption scandals, we will be unable to fully understand anti‐corruption disclosure practices by EMNCs.
Radiotherapy protocol compliance in routine clinical practice for patients with stages I–III non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Huang Xiaoshui , Field Matthew , Vinod Shalini , Ball Helen , Batumalai Vikneswary , Keall Paul , Holloway Lois 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionDespite the availability of radiotherapy treatment protocols for lung cancer, considerable treatment variation occurs in clinical practice. This study assessed compliance with a radiotherapy protocol for the treatment of patients with stages I–III non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in routine clinical practice and to identify factors that were associated with compliance.MethodsThe Cancer Institute New South Wales eviQ treatment protocol for external beam radiotherapy of stages I–III NSCLC was taken as the reference to measure compliance. All inoperable patients with stages I–III NSCLC and documented ECOG performance status treated with radiotherapy between 2007 and 2019 at two radiotherapy facilities were available for analysis. Protocol compliance rates were calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models with 23 input factors were used to determine factors significantly associated with compliance. Survival analysis was conducted for both compliant and non‐compliant treatments.ResultsOverall, 656 patients met the inclusion criteria. Protocol compliance was 16%. Alternative dose/fractionation was responsible for 49% of non‐compliant treatments with 30% receiving an alternative curative fractionation. Five of 23 factors (age at the start of radiotherapy, stage group, ECOG performance status, tumour location and alcoholism history) showed significant associations with protocol compliance on multivariate analysis. There was no significant difference in median survival between patients receiving protocol compliant treatment (15.1 months) and non‐compliant treatment (15.6 months).ConclusionAdherence to the eviQ curative radiotherapy protocol for stages I–III NSCLC was low. Alternative dose/fractionation schemes were the main reason for non‐compliance. Protocol compliance was not associated with outcome.
Exploring the relationship between anorexia and therapeutic efficacy in advanced lung cancer treatment: a retrospective study
Authors: Doshita Kosei , Naito Tateaki , Matsuda Suguru , Morita Meiko , Sekikawa Motoki , Miura Keita , Kodama Hiroaki , Yabe Michitoshi , Morikawa Noboru , Iida Yuko , Mamesaya Nobuaki , Kobayashi Haruki , Ko Ryo , Wakuda Kazushige , Ono Akira , Murakami Haruyasu , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Takahashi Toshiaki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy‐induced anorexia is a common occurrence in patients undergoing treatment for advanced lung cancer. However, the relationship between chemotherapy‐induced anorexia and weight loss during platinum‐based chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors is unclear. This study explored the relationship between chemotherapy‐induced anorexia and therapeutic outcomes in patients with stage IV non‐small‐cell lung cancer undergoing platinum‐based chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.MethodsThe study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 106 patients with stage IV non‐small‐cell lung cancer treated with platinum‐based chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors between January 2019 and October 2022. The incidence of weight loss and its association with treatment efficacy was assessed in the chemotherapy‐induced anorexia group. Chemotherapy‐induced anorexia, nausea, and vomiting were evaluated using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v 5.0. Progression‐free and overall survival were used to measure treatment efficacy.ResultsChemotherapy‐induced anorexia was observed in 13.2% of patients. These patients exhibited significant weight loss at 6 and 9 weeks after treatment initiation compared to those in the non‐chemotherapy‐induced anorexia group. Progression‐free and overall survival were shorter in the chemotherapy‐induced anorexia group than in the non‐chemotherapy‐induced anorexia group, but the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsChemotherapy‐induced anorexia was associated with significant weight loss and reduced treatment efficacy in patients with stage IV non‐small‐cell lung cancer. These results highlight the importance of implementing robust supportive care for chemotherapy‐induced anorexia to mitigate weight loss and uphold treatment effectiveness during platinum‐based chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Hysterectomy is not associated with increased risk of urinary incontinence—a northern Finland birth cohort 1966 study
Authors: Salo Heini , Manninen Roosa , Terho Anna , Laru Johanna , Sova Henri , Koivurova Sari , Rossi Henna‐Riikka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionHysterectomy has been suggested to increase the risk of urinary incontinence (UI), although evidence is controversial. In our population‐based cohort study, we aimed to assess the independent effect of hysterectomy on the risk of de novo UI.Material and MethodsThis is a population‐based cohort study on the women of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (n = 5889). We identified all hysterectomies among the cohort (n = 461) using the national Care Register for Health Care and classified them according to surgical approach into laparoscopic (n = 247), vaginal (n = 107), and abdominal hysterectomies (n = 107). Women without hysterectomy formed the reference group (n = 3495). All women with UI diagnoses and operations were identified in the register, and women with preoperative UI diagnosis (n = 36) were excluded from the analysis to assess de novo UI. Data on potential confounding factors were collected from registers and the cohort questionnaire. Incidences of different UI subtypes and UI operations were compared between the hysterectomy and the reference groups, and further disaggregated by different hysterectomy approaches. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between hysterectomy and UI, with adjustments for several UI‐related covariates.ResultsWe found no significant difference in the incidence of UI diagnoses or the rate of subsequent UI operations between the hysterectomy and the reference groups (24 [5.6%] vs. 166 [4.7%], p = 0.416 and 14 [3.3%] vs. 87 [2.5%], p = 0.323). Hysterectomy was not significantly associated with the risk of any subtype of UI (overall UI: OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.77–1.86; stress UI (SUI): OR 1.51, 95% CI 0.89–2.55; other UI: OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.36–1.74). After adjusting for preoperative pelvic organ prolapse (POP) diagnoses, the risk was decreased (overall UI: OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.32–0.90; other than SUI: OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.17–0.95). Regarding different hysterectomy approaches, the risks of overall UI and SUI were significantly increased in vaginal, but not in laparoscopic or abdominal hysterectomy. However, adjusting for preoperative POP diagnosis abolished these risks.ConclusionsHysterectomy is not an independent risk factor for de novo UI. Instead, underlying POP appears to be a significant risk factor for the incidence of UI after hysterectomy.
Why are socioeconomic health inequalities unacceptable? Studying the influence of explanatory framings on cognitive appraisals
Authors: Bridger Emma K. , Tufte‐Hewett Angela , Comerford David , Nettle Daniel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStudies of aversion to health inequality have found that this is often greater when health outcomes are presented as varying with socioeconomic conditions. We sought to understand better why this is by studying the cognitive appraisals made about health inequality when presented with distinct explanatory framings. Across two pre‐registered studies (N = 1321), UK and US participants judged the acceptability of life expectancy differences attributed to distinct framings: income, education, social class, neighborhood, lifestyle choices, and genetics. Health inequality was least acceptable when attributed to the four socioeconomic framings, and most acceptable for lifestyle choices and genetics. Six appraisal dimensions—complexity, malleability, inevitability, and extent driven by biological, psychological, and sociocultural causes—varied with framing and predicted views on health inequality. These dimensions could explain most of the drop in acceptability for health inequality attributed to socioeconomic factors relative to a condition with no framing. This work illustrates for the first time the cognitive appraisals and causal intuitions that link different explanatory framings to views on health inequality. These framings are viewed as least acceptable because they reduce the perceived involvement of biological causes while increasing the perception that sociocultural and psychological factors contribute to health inequality.Public significance statement: Academics use different socioeconomic variables to describe health inequalities. We show that different explanatory framings change appraisals about the causes, malleability, and inevitability of health inequalities. Socioeconomic explanations (income, education, social class, and neighborhood) reduce acceptability because they reduce the perception that health is biologically caused and increase the perceived role of socio‐cultural factors. Public support for intervention on health inequalities will be best served by framings that emphasize these differences
The clinical pharmacology and therapeutics course for graduating medical students at Dartmouth: Preparation for internship and residency
Authors: Nierenberg David W. , Lewis Lionel D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsThis manuscript is a description of the clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) course that is required to be taken, and passed, by all medical students at the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth during their final year of training, prior to entering their internship/residency.MethodsWe present a detailed CPT course curriculum, which includes the novel use of simulated expected professional activities (EPAs) and an analysis of the level of confidence the students who took the course had at the beginning and at the end of the course in performing the three simulated EPAs.ResultsThe course currently consists of 31 h of presentations on what are considered major clinical pharmacology topics and is led by two clinical pharmacologists at Dartmouth (D.W.N. and L.D.L.) supplemented by therapeutic area specialist faculty. In addition, the Dartmouth CPT course incorporates three required simulated entrustable professional activities (EPAs) focused on drug prescribing. These are written exercises, completed outside scheduled class hours, and submitted to and evaluated by the course directors with individual feedback to each medical student. We present preliminary data on the benefits of using these simulated EPAs in undertaking what we consider are three pivotal prescribing skills.ConclusionThe Dartmouth CPT course is unique and is only mirrored by a small number of US medical schools. The students showed a significant improvement in their level of confidence in performing the three simulated EPAs at the end of the course.