bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internal variability and model uncertainty components in future hydrometeorological projections: The Alpine Durance basin
Authors: Lafaysse M. , Hingray B. , Mezghani A. , Gailhard J. , Terray L. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA multireplicate multimodel ensemble of hydrological simulations covering the 1860–2099 period has been produced for the Upper Durance River basin (French Alps). An original quasi‐ergodic analysis of variance was applied to quantify uncertainties related to General Circulation Models (GCMs), Statistical Downscaling Models (SDMs) and the internal variability of each GCM/SDM simulation chain. For temperature, GCM uncertainty prevails and SDM uncertainty is nonnegligible. Significant warming and in turn significant changes are predicted for evaporation, snow cover and seasonality of discharges. For precipitation, GCM and SDM uncertainty components are of the same order. A high contribution of the large and small‐scale components of internal variability is also obtained, inherited, respectively, from the GCMs and the different replicates of a given SDM. The same applies for annual discharge. The uncertainty in values that could be experienced for any given future period is therefore very high. For both discharge and precipitation, even the sign of future realizations is uncertain at a 90% confidence level. These findings have important implications. Similarly to GCM uncertainty, SDM uncertainty cannot be neglected. The same applies for both components of internal variability. Climate change impact studies based on a single SDM realization are likely to be no more relevant than those based on a single GCM run. They may lead to poor decisions for climate change adaptation.
Synthesis of Dibenzophosphole Oxides via Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Direct Arylation Reactions of ortho‐Halodiarylphosphine Oxides
Authors: Cui Yuming , Fu Lingzi , Cao Jian , Deng Yuan , Jiang Jianxiong 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed intramolecular direct arylation reaction was developed and two efficient one‐pot sequential direct arylation/Suzuki–Miyaura coupling and intra/intermolecular direct arylation reations were also realized. The method provides a simple and straightforward procedure for the synthesis and further functionalization of dibenzophosphole oxides from easily accessible ortho‐halodiarylphosphine oxides in good to excellent yields.magnified image
Synthesis of Diverse Azolo[c]quinazolines by Palladium(II)‐ Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Insertion of Isocyanides
Authors: Vlaar Tjøstil , Bensch Lisa , Kraakman Jasper , Vande Velde Christophe M. L. , Maes Bert U. W. , Orru Romano V. A. , Ruijter Eelco 
Published: March 2014

AbstractWe report the palladium(II)‐catalyzed aerobic oxidative coupling of isocyanides with various (2‐aminophenyl)azoles using air as the stoichiometric oxidant. A diverse range of medicinally valuable azolo[c]quinazolines was obtained by this new approach.magnified image
A Synergistic Capture Strategy for Enhanced Detection and Elimination of Bacteria
Authors: Li Yong‐Qiang , Zhu Bowen , Li Yuangang , Leow Wan Ru , Goh Rubayn , Ma Bing , Fong Eileen , Tang Mark , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: March 2014

AbstractDespite the advanced detection and sterilization techniques available today, the sensitive diagnosis and complete elimination of bacterial infections remain a significant challenge. A strategy is reported for efficient bacterial capture (ca. 90 %) based on the synergistic effect of the nanotopography and surface chemistry of the substrate on bacterial attachment and adhesion. The outstanding bacterial‐capture capability of the functionalized nanostructured substrate enables rapid and highly sensitive bacterial detection down to trace concentrations of pathogenic bacteria (10 colony‐forming units mL−1). In addition, this synergistic biocapture substrate can be used for efficient bacterial elimination and shows great potential for clinical antibacterial applications.
A New Type of Chiral Sulfinamide Monophosphine Ligands: Stereodivergent Synthesis and Application in Enantioselective Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Zhang Zhan‐Ming , Chen Peng , Li Wenbo , Niu Yanfei , Zhao Xiao‐Li , Zhang Junliang 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA simple, new type of chiral sulfinamide monophosphines, the so‐called Ming‐Phos ligands, is reported; these ligands could be easily prepared from inexpensive and commercially available starting materials. The Ming‐Phos ligands performed well in the enantioselective gold‐catalyzed cycloaddition reaction of 2‐(1‐alkynyl)‐alk‐2‐en‐1‐ones with nitrones. Both enantiomers of the products could be obtained in good yields and with excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity through transformations that were catalyzed by gold complexes derived from two diastereomers of Ming‐Phos ligand M5 (Ar=1‐naphthyl).
Synthesis, Water Adsorption, and Proton Conductivity of Solid‐Solution‐Type Metal–Organic Frameworks Al(OH)(bdc‐OH)x(bdc‐NH2)1−x
Authors: Yamada Teppei , Shirai Yuki , Kitagawa Hiroshi 
Published: March 2014

AbstractMixed‐ligand metal–organic frameworks Al(bdc‐OH)x(bdc‐NH2)1−x (H2bdc‐NH2=aminoterepthalic acid, H2bdc‐OH=hydroxyterephthalic acid) were synthesized and their water adsorption behavior and proton conductivity were investigated. All obtained compounds were isostructural to MIL‐53 (MIL=Materials of Institut Lavoisier) according to XRD measurements under ambient humidity conditions, and were also found to be single phase across the whole mixing ratio from the XRD measurements under humidified conditions. This result clearly shows that all compounds are a solid‐solution‐type mixture of ligands. MIL‐53‐NH2 adsorbs one water molecule per formula with humidification whereas MIL‐53‐OH adsorbs five water molecules. The mixing ratio of the ligands in Al(OH)(bdc‐OH)x(bdc‐NH2)1−x affected the gate‐opening pressure for water adsorption and total water uptake. Proton conductivity of these compounds largely depends on the adsorbed amount of water, which indicates that the proton conductivity of these compounds depends strongly on the hydrogen‐bond network of the conducting media.
One‐Pot Organocatalytic Enantioselective Michael/Povarov Domino Strategy for the Construction of Spirooctahydroacridine‐3,3′‐oxindole Scaffolds
Authors: Wu Hao , Wang Yong‐Mei 
Published: March 2014

AbstractAn asymmetric organocatalytic one‐pot strategy for the construction of spirooctahydroacridine‐3,3′‐oxindole scaffolds has been successfully developed by means of a domino Michael/Povarov reaction sequence. The one‐pot protocol affords the chiral spirocyclohexaneoxindoles bearing an octahydroacridine motif with five stereocenters in good to high yields (up to 89 % yield) with excellent to perfect diastereoselectivities (up to >20:1 d.r.) and enantioselectivities (up to >99 % ee). This highly efficient one‐pot domino procedure will allow diversity‐oriented syntheses of this intriguing class of compounds with potential biological activities.
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene rearrangements in cytological samples of non–small cell lung cancer: Comparison with histological assessment
Authors: Proietti Agnese , Alì Greta , Pelliccioni Serena , Lupi Cristiana , Sensi Elisa , Boldrini Laura , Servadio Adele , Chella Antonio , Ribechini Alessandro , Cappuzzo Federico , Miccoli Mario , Fontanini Gabriella 
Published: March 2014

BACKGROUNDAnaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements are detected in approximately 5% of cases of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients who are positive for ALK rearrangements may be successfully treated with the ALK inhibitor crizotinib. Because advanced‐stage lung cancers are not suitable for surgical resection, approximately 70% of patients are diagnosed via preoperative specimens. In the current study, the authors evaluated the suitability of stained cytologic direct smears and cell blocks for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to determine ALK status compared with small biopsies.METHODSA total of 493 consecutive patients with NSCLC were analyzed by FISH for ALK gene rearrangements. The analyzed sample comprised 180 cytological samples, 94 direct smears, 86 cell blocks, and 313 preoperative small biopsies. Moreover, in the same series, 426 patients and 369 patients, respectively, were evaluated for epidermal growth factor receptor and KRAS mutations, respectively.RESULTSOf the total of 493 patients, 18 patients who were positive for a gene rearrangement (4.4%) demonstrated ALK FISH rearrangements, whereas 387 patients (95.6%) were negative. All other cases were classified as inadequate (7.7%) and insufficient (10.1%). A strong statistical association was found between the cytology and the small biopsy with respect to ALK rearrangements (P = .0048). Fifty‐three patients (12.4%) demonstrated an epidermal growth factor receptor mutation, whereas 90 patients (24.4%) were found to have KRAS mutations. None of these patients presented with ALK gene rearrangements.CONCLUSIONSALK gene rearrangements may be easily detected in cytological samples and particularly in direct smears, thereby yielding important improvements in the diagnostic approach to patients with advanced NSCLC. Cytological samples may be useful for ALK analysis when insufficient material is available in cell blocks or small biopsies. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:445–453. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Facile Synthesis of N‐doped TiO2 and Its Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Degrading Colorless Pollutants
Authors: Xie Mingzheng , Feng Yujie , Luan Yunbo , Fu Xuedong , Jing Liqiang 
Published: March 2014

AbstractN‐doped nanocrystalline TiO2 is synthesized successfully through a simple ammonia‐modified hydrolysis‐solvothermal process. It is demonstrated that the resulting TiO2 doped with an appropriate amount of N exhibits high visible photocatalytic activities for the degradation of gas‐phase acetaldehyde and liquid‐phase phenol, which is attributed to its increased visible adsorption, appropriate crystallinity, and good dispersibility, whereas its UV activity is decreased. On the basis of the atmosphere‐controlled surface photovoltage spectra, it is found that the doped N species can capture the photogenerated holes so as to be favorable for photogenerated charge separation, so it is suggested that its decreased UV activity results from its weak adsorption of O2 compared with that of undoped TiO2, as shown by the O2 temperature‐programed desorption curves. Interestingly, the photocatalytic activity of the resulting N‐doped TiO2 under visible or UV irradiation can be improved further by promoting O2 adsorption after modification with an appropriate amount of phosphoric acid.
Peapod‐Like Composite with Nickel Phosphide Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Carbon Fibers as Enhanced Anode for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Huijuan , Feng Yangyang , Zhang Yan , Fang Ling , Li Wenxiang , Liu Qing , Wu Kai , Wang Yu 
Published: March 2014

AbstractHerein, we introduce a peapod‐like composite with Ni12P5 nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon fibers as the enhanced anode in Li‐ion batteries for the first time. In the synthesis, NiNH4PO4⋅H2O nanorods act as precursors and sacrificial templates, and glucose molecules serve as the green carbon source. With the aid of hydrogen bonding between the precursor and carbon source, a polymer layer is hydrothermally formed and then rationally converted into carbon fibers upon inert calcination at elevated temperatures. Meanwhile, NiNH4PO4⋅H2O nanorods simultaneously turn into Ni12P5 nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon fibers by undergoing a decomposition and reduction process induced by high temperature and the carbon fibers. The obtained composite performs excellently as a Li‐ion batteries anode relative to pure‐phase materials. Specific capacity can reach 600 mAh g−1 over 200 cycles, which is much higher than that of isolated graphitized carbon or phosphides, and reasonably believed to originate from the synergistic effect based on the combination of Ni12P5 nanoparticles and carbon fibers. Due to the benignity, sustainability, low cost, and abundance of raw materials of the peapod‐like composite, numerous potential applications, in fields such as optoelectronics, electronics, specific catalysis, gas sensing, and biotechnology can be envisaged.
Formulae of resistance between two corner nodes on a common edge of the m × n rectangular network
Authors: Tan Zhi‐Zhong , Zhang Qing‐Hua 
Published: March 2014

SummaryThis paper deals with the equivalent resistance for the m × n resistor network in both finite and infinite cases. Firstly, we build a difference equation driven by a tridiagonal matrix to model the network; then by performing the diagonalizing transformation on the driving matrix, and using the auxiliary function tz(x,n), we derive two formulae of the equivalent resistance between two corner nodes on a common edge of the network. By comparing two different formulae, we also obtain a new trigonometric identity here. Our framework can be effectively applied in complex impedance networks. As in applications in the LC network, we find that our formulation leads to the occurrence of resonances at frequencies associated with (n + 1)ϕt = kπ. This somewhat curious result suggests the possibility of practical applications of our formulae to resonant circuits. At the end of the paper, two other formulae of an m × n resistor network are proposed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nuclear factor kappa B inhibition improves conductance artery function in type 2 diabetic mice
Authors: Kassan Modar , Choi Soo‐Kyoung , Galán Maria , Trebak Mohamed , Belmadani Souad , Matrougui Khalid 
Published: March 2014

AbstractBackgroundWe previously reported that enhanced nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) activity is responsible for resistance arteries dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mice.MethodsIn this study, we aimed to determine whether augmented NFκB activity also impairs conductance artery (thoracic aorta) function in type 2 diabetic mice. We treated type 2 diabetic (db−/db−) and control (db−/db+) mice with two NFκB inhibitors (dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin, 6 mg/kg, twice a week and IKK‐NBD peptide, 500 µg/kg/day) for 4 weeks.ResultsAs expected, the NFκB inhibition did not affect blood glucose level and body weight. Thoracic aorta vascular endothelium‐dependent relaxation (EDR), determined by the wire myograph, was impaired in diabetic mice compared with control and was significantly improved after NFκB inhibition. Interestingly, thoracic EDR was also rescued in db−/db−p50NFκB−/− and db−/db−PARP‐1−/− double knockout mice compared with db−/db− mice. Similarly, the acute in vitro down regulation of NFκB‐p65 using p65 shRNA lentiviral particles in arteries from db−/db− mice also improved thoracic aorta EDR. Western blot analysis showed that the p65NFκB phosphorylation, cleaved PARP‐1 and COX‐2 expression were increased in thoracic aorta from diabetic mice, which were restored after NFκB inhibition and in db−/db−p−50NFκB−/− and db−/db−PARP‐1−/− mice.ConclusionsThe present results indicate that in male type 2 diabetic mice, the augmented NFκB activity also impairs conductance artery function through PARP‐1 and COX‐2‐dependent mechanisms. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cochrane in context: Linezolid versus vancomycin for skin and soft tissue infections
Authors: Steiner Michael 
Published: March 2014

AbstractCochrane Review: Linezolid versus vancomycin for skin and soft tissue infections. Yue J, Dong BR, Yang M, Chen X, Wu T, Liu GJ. Linezolid versus vancomycin for skin and soft tissue infections. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD008056. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008056.pub2.This companion piece to the review, “Linezolid versus vancomycin for skin and soft tissue infections,” contains the following pieces:

The abstract of the review
A commentary from Mike Steiner, one of the editors of Evidence‐Based Child Health, discussing the importance of this review
Some other recently published references on this topic
Genomic heritability estimation for the early life‐history transition related to propensity to migrate in wild rainbow and steelhead trout populations
Authors: Hu Guo , Wang Chunkao , Da Yang 
Published: March 2014

AbstractA previous genomewide association study (GWAS) identified SNP markers associated with propensity to migrate of rainbow and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a connected population with free access to the ocean in Upper Yakima River (UYR) and a population in Upper Mann Creek (UMC) that has been sequestered from its access to the ocean for more than 50 years. Applying genomic heritability estimation using the same dataset, we found that smoltification in the UYR population were almost completely determined by additive effects, with 95.5% additive heritability and 4.5% dominance heritability, whereas smoltification in the UMC population had substantial dominance effects, with 0% additive heritability and 39.3% dominance heritability. Dominance test detected one SNP marker (R30393) with significant dominance effect on smoltification (P = 1.98 × 10−7). Genomic‐predicted additive effects completely separated migratory and nonmigratory fish in the UYR population, whereas genomic‐predicted dominance effects achieved such complete separation in the UMC population. The UMC population had higher genomic additive and dominance correlations than the UYR population, and fish between these two populations had the least genomic correlations. These results suggested that blocking the free access to the ocean may have reduced genetic diversity and increased genomic similarity associated with the early life‐history transition related to propensity to migrate.
CD28 signals the differential control of regulatory T cells and effector T cells
Authors: Mikami Norihisa , Sakaguchi Shimon 
Published: March 2014

One possible means of driving antigen‐specific immune suppression is to expand or induce antigen‐specific FoxP3‐expressing Treg cells. One way of activating and expanding these specialized cells, both in vitro and in vivo, is by strong costimulation via CD28 with an agonistic anti‐CD28 monoclonal antibody, called anti‐CD28 superagonist (CD28SA). However, CD28SA also strongly activates conventional T (Tconv) cells to secrete proinflammatory cytokines and, under certain conditions, causes serious cytokine release syndrome. In this issue of European Journal of Immunology, Tabares et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2014. 44: 1225–1236] address how CD28SA can be used for the differential control of human Treg and Tconv cells to suppress immune responses without serious adverse effects. They show that, depending on the dose of the antibody or by comedication of cortico‐steroid, the selective expansion of Treg cells can be achieved without significantly activating Tconv cells to produce inflammatory cytokines. This difference in CD28 signal sensitivity between the two populations can be exploited for better control of immune responses.
Cyclometalated Complexes of Platinum(II) with 2‐Vinylpyridine
Authors: Zucca Antonio , Maidich Luca , Carta Veronica , Petretto Giacomo L. , Stoccoro Sergio , Agostina Cinellu Maria , Pilo Maria I. , Clarkson Guy J. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractThe electron‐rich platinum(II) derivatives [Pt(R)2(DMSO)2] (R = Me, Ph) react with 2‐vinylpyridine (L) to give the cyclometalated complexes [Pt(L–H)(R)(DMSO)] through C–H bond activation. Cyclometalation also occurs with [Pt(Me)(Cl)(DMSO)2]. From the starting compounds, a series of cyclometalated complexes was obtained and characterised by analytical and spectroscopic methods. The molecular structures of [Pt(L–H)(Me)(PPh3)] and [Pt(L–H)(Ph)(PCy3)] were solved by X‐ray diffraction analysis, and the results unambiguously demonstrate cyclometalation of 2‐vinylpyridine. The five‐membered cyclometalated ring is particularly stable, likely due to partial electronic delocalisation.
A Facile Strategy to Support Palladium Nanoparticles on Carbon Nanotubes, Employing Polyvinylpyrrolidone as a Surface Modifier
Authors: Cardoso Mariana B. T. , Lewis Edward , Castro Pollyana S. , Dantas Luiza M. F. , De Oliveira Caio C. S. , Bertotti Mauro , Haigh Sarah J. , Camargo Pedro H. C. 
Published: March 2014

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Pedro Camargo at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, collaborating with the group of Sarah Haigh at the University of Manchester, UK. The cover image shows the deposition of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) on the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by a simple strategy employing ethanol as the solvent/reducing agent, potassium tetrachloropalladate(II) (K2PdCl4) as the Pd precursor, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the surface modifier.
Isotropic Three‐Dimensional Molecular Conductor Based on the Coronene Radical Cation
Authors: Yoshida Yukihiro , Maesato Mitsuhiko , Kumagai Yoshihide , Mizuno Motohiro , Isomura Kazuhide , Kishida Hideo , Izumi Masanari , Kubozono Yoshihiro , Otsuka Akihiro , Yamochi Hideki , Saito Gunzi , Kirakci Kaplan , Cordier Stéphane , Perrin Christiane 
Published: March 2014

AbstractIn this study, we obtained the first cation radical solid of a highly symmetric (D6h) polyaromatic hydrocarbon, coronene, by electrooxidation. The (coronene)3Mo6Cl14 salt, which is formed with an Oh‐symmetric molybdenum cluster unit Mo6Cl142–, has an isotropic cubic structure with Pm$\bar {3}$m symmetry. The presence of two orientations for the coronene molecules related by an in‐plane 90° rotation (merohedral disorder) allows for fourfold symmetry along the <100> direction. The disorder has dynamic features because 2H NMR spectroscopic studies revealed that the coronene molecules undergo an in‐plane flipping motion. The observation of two motional sites with significantly different rotational rates (300 Hz and 5 MHz at 103 K) in an approximate 2:1 ratio appears to be consistent with the splitting of a Raman‐active A1g mode, confirming a random charge‐disproportionated state instead of a uniform partially‐charged state. The slower‐ and faster‐rotating species are assigned to charge‐rich and charge‐poor coronenes, respectively, with respect to C–H···Cl hydrogen bonds with neighboring Mo6Cl142– cluster units. The electrical conductivity of the salt is rather high but is well‐described by a three‐dimensional (3D) variable‐range hopping mechanism, which is possibly associated with the random charge disproportionation. These results provide a significant step forward in developing an isotropic 3D π‐conducting system composed of planar π‐conjugated molecules.