bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting Siliceous Replacement Mineralization, East-Central Nevada
Authors: Barton Mark D. , Seedorff Eric , Ilchik Robert P. , Ghidotti Gregory 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Fine-grained siliceous replacement of carbonate-bearing rocks (‘jasperoid’) occurs in most mineral districts in east -central Nevada. In many of these occurrences, jasperoid contains Au and(or) Ag and little or no base metals, although concentrations and ratios range markedly. Here we compare and contrast these systems based on the geological and geochemical characteristics of the siliceous rocks and, where present, associated igneous and other types of hydrothennally altered rocks. At issue are both the broad patterns of regional metallogeny and specific links between Carlin-type mineralization and other geologic phenomena. These results are based on our own work and published data.
Broadly, two end-members are distinguished: (1) silicification as an intermediate- to late-stage part of complex alteration associated with igneous centers, and (2) jasperoids lacking other associated alteration and having few or no associated igneous rocks. Within this region, siliceous replacements are found with nearly all metallic(± magmatic) suites. The principal types are summarized in Table 1 and localities with selected characteristics are shown in Figure 1.
Igneous-related systems have well-developed time-space patterns of high-temperature proximal alteration overprinted and surrounded by lower temperature alteration assemblages. Jasperoids and other siliceous bodies are prominent in the latter suite, showing considerable differences in their mineralogical, geochemical, and textural characteristics. Pronounced zoning occurs over distances of a few hundred meters to no more than a few kilometers. These systems also exhibit strong correlations between style and composition of alteration, the composition of the igneous rocks, and associated metals (Fig. 1 ). Igneous-related systems show a pronounced
Metallogeny of the Central Slovakian Volcanic Field
Authors: Lexa Jaroslav 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The essential structural aspects and paleovolcanic reconstruction of the Central Slovakia Volcanic Field has been discussed by Konecný et al., (1995); their paper is reprinted in this volume. Volcanic rocks, especially central volcanic zones including subvolcanic intrusive complexes, host a number of mineral deposits and occurrences. Fourteen types of mineralization have been distinguished in this region (Fig. 1), including:Magnetite skarn deposits and occurences related to contacts of the granodiorite subvolcanic intrusion with Triassic limestones and dolomites.Porphyry/skarn copper ± molybdenum or gold deposits and occurrences related to granodiorite porphyry stocks and dike clusters emplaced in Triassic carbonate rocks.Porphyry copper ± molybdenum mineralogical occurrences related to diorite to monzodiorite stocks.Base metal stockwork/disseminated mineralization related to granodiorite and diorite porphyry intrusions.Barren high-sulfidation alteration systems related variably to granodiorite, diorite, monzodiorite, and granodiorite porphyry intrusions (stocks), possibly representing the tops of porphyry-type hydrothermal systems.A high-sulfidation epithermal gold deposit and occurrences related to diorite/monzodiorite stocks, showing rudimentary porphyry type mineralization at depth.A low-sulfidation epithermal gold deposit related to granodiorite subvolcanic intrusion, along with base metal stockwork/disseminated mineralization.Low-sulfidation epithermal veins situated in central zones of older stratovolcanoes; however, these are directly related to local horst uplifts and late-stage rhyolitic extrusive domes and dikes. On the basis of metal contents there are base metal, silver — base metal and precious metal epithermal veins. Where these veins coexist there is a zonation in metals.Base-metal replacement deposit and occurrences adjacent to base-metal epithermal veins in Triassic carbonate rocks.Precious-metal replacement
The Šobov High-Sulfidation System
Authors: Lexa Jaroslav , Štohl Jaroslav , Žáková Eva 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Šobov high-sulfidation epithermal deposit is 2 km north of Banská Štiavnica, and formed from the oldest hydrothermal system of the Štiavnica stratovolcano. Its metasomatic quartzite core is quarried from an open pit as the raw material for production of refractory bricks in a nearby factory. Exploration by drilling and underground galleries proved reserves of 6.2 million tons of 96 — 97 % SiO2, 1–1,5% Fe2O3, 0.2 – 0.3 % A12O3 and 0.7–1.1% TiO2 (Polák, 1960). At present the industrial reserves of the deposit are 5.3 million tons at 97.8 % SiO2, 0.6% Fe2O3 and 0.84% Al2O3 + TiO2 (Balances of reserves at exclusive mineral deposits of Slovakia, 1996). Local accumulations of agalmatolite (nowadays pyrophyllite) and dillnite (nowadays zunyite) in karstic cavities of adjacent carbonate rocks on the northern side of the deposit were exploited during the 19th century. Exploitation of the deposit since the early 1960s has eventually created environmental problems owing to dumping of pyrite-rich argillic-altered rock on large heaps and subsequent weathering. The immediate risk has been reduced by a drainage system, which takes acid waters to abandoned mines, where they are diluted by ground waters.
The quartzite of the deposit has been for a long time a matter of disputes, being variably interpreted as sedimentary Triassic quartzite affected by recrystallization (e.g., Lipoid, 1867; Szabó, 1891), or hydrothermal metasomatic quartzite (e.g., Böckh, 1901). The hydrothermal origin was accepted also by Polák (1960), who conducted detailed exploration by drilling and galleries to calculate the reserves for future exploitation.
Field Stop
Authors: Murakami Hiroyasu , Feebrey Craig A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Turn off the main road and move toward field stop 1. Participants can observe variations in alteration starting with patchy occurrences of zone I, followed by zone II, and finally by zone iii assemblages, representing a progressive increase in paleohydrothermal fluid temperatures associated with mineralization. Field stop 1 is located above the southern vein system in the vicinity of Takasuka vein and within zone III alteration, which is characterized by the assemblage quartz + interstratified illite/smectite ± kaolinite (Fig. 1). Analyses from these veins have been as high as 27.7 g/t, and fluid inclusions from the same veins indicate temperatures of about 200° to 250°C (figs. 4 and 5, Murakami and Feebrey, 2001). Also at this location silicified Nagano Formation rocks essentially cap and have preserved mineralization. Sedimentary bedding planes of the Nagano Formation are also still evident in some localities (Figs. 2 and 3).
Also of particular interest in terms of exploration for this style of mineralization is the excellent correspondence between the distribution of mapped zone III alteration, characterized by interstratified illite/smectite, and the area of extremely high K counts obtained during a high-resolu- tion airborne radiometric survey. Points of interest include the amount of vegetation that exists and covers zone III alteration, indicating that significant anomalies are still evident in areas with moderate to high vegetation cover.
Field Stop
Authors: Hayashi Toshihiko 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The open pit of the Iriki kaolin mine is located on the western flank of Imuta volcano (see route map, day 3-1) and produced filler and coating material for paper until February 2001. Now mining from the pit has stopped but still maintains production and sales by importing material from China, which is then treated at the mine.
The kaolin zone is white and light gray and consists of kaoli- nite, dickite, quartz, and minor opal C-T (Fujii et al., 1989; Fig. 1). The smectite zone is yellow to pale green and consists of smectite, kaolinite, opal, and minor amounts of alunite.
Geology and Gold Exploration in the Nansatsu District, Southern Kyushu, Japan
Authors: Hayashi Toshihiko 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
There are three main gold deposits, Kasuga, Iwato, and Akeshi, in the Nansatsu district of southern Kyushu, Japan (Fig. 1). These three deposits have similar geologic characteristics and are the type deposits for the so-called Nansatsu- style of mineralization (Urashima, 1975), more commonly referred to these days as high-sulfidation epithermal Au mineralization (Hedenquist, 1987). This style of mineralization is believed to be a product of high-temperature acid fluids genetically related to magmatic activity at shallow depths (Matsuhisa et al., 1991; Hedenquist et al., 1994). More than 27 tons (t) of gold have been produced from these three deposits. The ore from these deposits, which is hosted by highly silicified rock, is sold to copper smelters in Japan as flux.
Field Stops
Authors: Taguchi Sachihiro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
From this point you can see the Hatchobaru geothermal power plant to the southeast (fig. 1 of Taguchi, 2001) and also steam from Kuju-iwo yama. The reinjection site is situated to the north of the power plant, whereas the production wells are distributed to the south. To the east, steaming ground known as the Komatsu-jigoku occurs along the Komasuike fault, which extends to Sujiyu town, making a V-shaped valley. A high-temperature zone (&gt;270°C) trending northwest-southeast beneath the power plant (1,000 m below the surface) corresponds to the position of the Komasuike fault. Otake is located to the north, where you can recognize steam only from the power plant.
Metamorphism, Polydeformation, and Extensive Remobilization of the Balmat Zinc Orebodies, Northwest Adirondacks, New York
Authors: DeLorraine William F. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Zinc orebodies of the Balmat-Edwards-Pierrepont Zinc mining district in the northwest Adirondacks of New York State rank as near world-class deposits having nearly 40.8 million metric tonnes (Mt) of past production plus reserves grading 9.4% Zn. Orebodies occur in Mesoproterozoic siliceous dolomitic marble that was metamorphosed and polydeformed during the Grenvillian orogeny about 1.1 Ga. Remobilization of inferred syngenetic massive ore during high-grade metamorphism has been locally extensive depending on the stratigraphic unit from which a particular orebody originated. Two remobilized orebodies, the Loomis and Lower Gleason at No. 3 Mine, show clear linkage to the Upper Gleason, a massive, high-grade parent lens of ore. The extent to which ore was remobilized from the Upper Gleason has only recently been discovered.
External remobilization is over 500 m laterally discordant to stratigraphy and over 2000 m in the down-plunge dimension. Daughter orebodies or remobilized daughter ore zones within orebodies are well documented elsewhere at Balmat. There also exist clearly discordant, externally remobilized, daughter ore-bodies for which the source or parent bed can be inferred but which have not yet been located. The Upper Fowler and Mud Pond orebodies are two such “orphans” whose existence depends upon a third, parent orebody hitherto unsuspected but now predicted to reside in unit 6. The extent to which ore is dissipated to tectonic slides is limited by the presence of thick, bedded anhydrite layers in the section. Tectonic slides die out in anhydrite so that sulfide migration is constrained by the impingement of faults into those strata. In the Fowler orebody, distances of remobilization less than several hundred meters are observed because the structure was encased by flowage of anhydrite very early on in its evolution, effectively sealing off any further sulfide migration. Plastic flow, and to some extent fluid-aided plastic flow, along ductile-brittle synmetamorphic faults or tectonic slides is thought to have been the dominant transport mechanism. There is a clear association between rock type and ore thickness. Ore is thicker where it follows the trends formed by the intersection of competent, silicated units with mineralized fault or tectonic slide surfaces, and thinner where following intersection trends of ductile rocks with fault surfaces. Substantial revisions are made here to the number of ore-forming cycles in the Balmat section from six or more, down to three. Evaporite deposition in the form of anhydrite is tied closely to sulfide deposition so that three “evaporite-ore” events are recognized in the Balmat section corresponding to source horizons in units 6, 11, and 14. Any ore in contact with other units in the Balmat section is “in transit” and may have been remobilized significant distances from its source bed.
Geochemical Constraints on the Origin of the Sterling Hill and Franklin Zinc Deposits, and the Furnace Magnetite Bed, Northwestern New Jersey
Authors: Johnson Craig A. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Purpose of this chapter is to review two aspects of the geochemistry of the Sterling Hill and Franklin zinc-ironmanganese deposits and the Furnace magnetite bed that underlies the Franklin deposit. These are (1) oxidation and sulfidation states determined from heterogeneous phase equilibria, and (2) stable isotopic compositions determined from analyses of carbonate, silicate, oxide, and sulfide minerals. The data place constraints on the genesis of the ores, which is the topic of the final section of the chapter. This review draws heavily from the results of my own dissertation research on Sterling Hill (Johnson, 1990; Johnson et al., 1990a) and from recent and continuing projects (Johnson et al., 1990b, Johnson, 1994, 1996, 1997; Volkert et al., 2000); it also includes the sulfur isotope results obtained by Ault (1957). For a complete review of the geology of the deposits, the reader is referred to the chapter by Metsger (2001), and to Metsger et al. (1958) and Frondel and Baum (1974). A complete catalog of the extensive literature on the deposits is given by Dunn (1995).
The Sterling Hill and Franklin deposits are located in northwestern New Jersey within the Reading Prong-Hudson Highlands terrane, which is a belt of Mesoproterozoic sedimentary and igneous rocks that was regionally metamorphosed during the Grenvillian orogeny at about 1.0 Ga. Although the question has arisen as to whether the zinc and associated metals in these deposits were emplaced before or after the metamorphic event, it is now clear from structural, geochronologic, and phase equilibrium studies
Field Trip Days 1 and 2
Authors: Hammarstrom Jane M. , Seal Robert R. , Slack John F. , Kierstead Matthew A. , Hathaway Edward M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The First day of the field trip covers the regional geology of the Vermont copper belt and a visit to the Elizabeth mine, near South Strafford, Vermont (Fig. 1, Stops 13). The second day of the trip is a half-day visit to the Ely mine near West Fairlee, Vermont (Fig. 1, Stops 4 and 5). Several of our stops were included in the 1993 Society of Economic Geologists Guidebook Volume 17 trip titled “Besshi-type Massive Sulfide Deposits of the Vermont Copper Belt” (Slack et al., 1993). The purpose of that trip was to acquire an understanding of the regional stratigraphy, structure, and genesis of the mineral deposits. The purpose of our trip is quite different. This trip will examine the environmental geochemistry and mining history of massive sulfide deposits in the Vermont copper belt.
Massive sulfide deposits are among the most likely types of mineral deposits to develop acid mine drainage because (1) ores are enriched in iron-sulfide minerals which are likely to produce acid upon weathering; (2) iron-sulfide minerals (pyrrhotite and pyrite) are ubiquitous as gangue minerals that end up in flotation tailings and mine waste; (3) copper, lead, zinc and other sulfide minerals are present in ore assemblages, so weathering can release a variety of heavy metals; and (4) host rocks typically are carbonatepoor metasedimentary or metavolcanic rocks that have little or no capacity to neutralize acid.
Streams draining both the Elizabeth mine (Copperas Brook) and the Ely mine (Ely Brook) are impacted by acid mine drainage. In
Airborne Imaging Spectrometer and Field Spectroscopic Studies of Mine Wastes at the Elizabeth Mine, Vermont
Authors: Crowley James K. , Mars John C. , Hammarstrom Jane M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Visible to short-wave infrared (0.4–2.5 mm) spectral reflectance data were effective for mapping mineral assemblages on the surfaces of mine waste piles at the Elizabeth mine, Vermont. Three major assemblages displayed characteristic spectral features associated with jarosite, iron oxides, and muscovite, respectively, and were readily distinguishable in both ground-based and remote sensing spectral measurements.
Jarosite distributions on the Elizabeth mine tailings are largely controlled by hydrologic and topographic factors that do not necessarily reflect the underlying sulfide mineral distributions. Flat-lying areas on the tailings piles are surfaced by an oxidized layer of mainly goethitic wastes. Iron oxides also occurred in distinct zones fringing areas of jarositic waste. Relatively wet conditions at the time of our study precluded any extensive development of efflorescent iron sulfate minerals on the mine waste piles.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN BERDASARKAN ANALISIS SWOT PADA RETAIL TRADISIONAL DI TOKO PANGESTU
Authors: Surahman Surahman , Okseriama Patresia Tulak  , Aisyah Siti Nur , Syelah Biring Tasik S  , Nabila Bebi , Khotimah Haniifah Husnul 
Published: August 2024

Judul penelitian ini adalah “Strategi Pemasaran Berdasarkan Analisis SWOT pada Retail Tradisional di Toko Pangestu” . Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui posisi Toko Pangestu dalam pemasaran berdasarkan analisis internal dan eksternal serta mengetahui strategi mana yang cocok digunakan oleh Toko Pangestu. Industri ritel mengalami pertumbuhan yang relatif pesat dengan waralaba dan konsep mandiri tersebar dihampir setiap kota. Perubahan selera konsumen menjadi salah satu alasan perkembangan. Oleh karena itu, tidak mengherankan jika persaingan di industri ini menjadi semakin ketat. Perusahaan perlu mengetahui kekuatan dan kelemahan internalnya, serta peluang dan ancaman dari lingkungan eksternal agar dapat memasarkan produknya. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Survei dilakukan di Toko Pangestu di Jalan Samratulangi, Sungai Keledang Kec. Samarinda Seberang, Kota Samarinda.
AYAT –AYAT TENTANG UJIAN PERSPEKTIF SYEIKH IMAM NAWAWI ( KAJIAN TEMATIK DALAM TAFSIR AL-MUNIR )
Authors: Mukmin Agus , Agussalim Agussalim 
Published: August 2024

Setiap manusia dalam kehidupannya pasti pernah merasakan sesuatu kondisi yang tidak diinginkannya seperti musibah, masalah, rasa khawatir bahkan ditinggalkan oleh orang yang dicintainya. Pada kondisi lain, manusia juga merasakan saat dimana jiwanya tenang, jauh dari masalah dan berlimpah rezeki. Dua keadaan manusia yang berbeda ini adalah sunnatullah. Itu artinya semua itu merupakan bagian dari pada ujian yang Allah swt berikan kepada umatNya untuk melihat siapa diantara hambanya yang bersabar dan bersyukur. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas dan mencari makna ujian yang Allah SWT berikan kepada manusia, sekaligus untuk mengetahui apa dan bagaimana ujian itu berlangsung dan bentuk-bentuk ujian dalam pandangan Syaikh Muhammad Nawawi al-Bantani melalui karya monumentalnya yaitu Mirahu Labid li Kasyfi Ma’na Qur’an Majid atau yang lebih popular dengan nama tafsir Al-Munir. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Tematik (Maudu’i) yang mana mengarah kepada satu tema yaitu ujian dengan sumber data primer Tafsir Marah Labid atau Tafsir Al-Munir karya Imam Nawawi Al-Bantani dan data sekunder dari beberapa buku dan karya ilmiah yang membahas tentang ujian Allah SWT kepada manusia. Hasil penelitian ini berdasarkan dari beberapa term di dalam al-Qur’an yang mempunyai arti yang sama yaitu ujian, yang mana term tersebut seperti buliya, mahana, dan fitnah. Kata Buliya disebutkan dalam Al-Quran sebanyak 35 kali dan kata Mahana, disebutkan sebanyak 2 kali dan kata Fitnah yang berartikan ujian disebutkan 5 kali. Dari penelitian ini Imam Nawawi menjelaskan berbagai bentuk ujian seperti rasa takut dan khawatir, rasa lapar, kekurangan harta, penyakit hingga kehilangan nyawa. Selain itu juga dijelaskan bahwa ujian tidak hanya bermacam seperti tersebut tadi tapi juga berupa kesenangan duniawi seperti nikmat rezeki yang luas, umur dan lainnya. Adapun tujuan dari ujian tersebut menurut Imam Nawawi Al-Bantani adalah untuk mendorong manusia untuk bertaqwa kepada Allah swt dan mendorong manusia agar selalu membersihkan hati dan menjadikan manusia beriman sehingga diketahui siapa diantara hambanya yang bersabar dan bersyukur.
Microbiological evaluation of bacterial conjunctivitis in children
Authors: Alajbegovic-Halimic Jasmina , Jovanovic Nina , Halimic Tarik 
Published: August 2024

Bacterial conjunctivitis is a common condition in paediatric ophthalmology. Incidence and symptoms depend on etiological factor, clinical presentation and age. The most common pathogens which cause bacterial conjunctivitis are: Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis etc. Conjunctivitis is treated empirically in most cases, the treatment is defined by symptoms and clinical findings, physician prescribes the available antibiotic treatment. Eye swab is indicated in cases of prolonged or non efficient treatment or in case of relapse. Goals: To evaluate bacterial conjunctivitis according to microbial pathogen detected in eye swab, the most common microbial pathogens found and drug susceptibility of antimicrobial agents given in antibiogram. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 73 microbiological findings of eye swabs in 53 children between January 2019 and March 2020. The sample was cultured on blood and chocolate Gram staining agar incubated under 5-10% CO2, 35-37ËšC with daily reading 40-48h. Bacteria collected from eye swabs were tested for the following antibiotics: chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, erythromycin, ampicillin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, clindamycin and penicillin. Results: In a total of 53 patients eye swabs were taken, 23(43,39%) male and 30(56,60%) female, age ranged from 0-17 (mean age 32,3Â±52,3 months or 2,7Â±4,4 years) most common patient age was 2 years in 40(75,5%) cases. Number of performed eye swabs was 73, and pathogens were isolated in 70(95,9%) cases, and only in 3(4,1%) cases there were no pathogens in eye swab, meaning that indication for eye swab was highly justified. Among isolated pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus was proved to be the most common, inÂ 20(27,4%) cases, the antibioticÂ with highest drug susceptibility was chloramphenicol in 33(62,3%) cases. Conclusion: Microbiological evaluation of bacterial conjunctivitis is reasonable in moderate to severe cases associated with mucopurulent discharge, prolonged treatment, and as confirmation of diagnosis. Choosing the accurate antibiotic therapy requires identification of pathogen and assessing its susceptibility. Targeted treatment reduces risk of antibiotic overdosing or unnecessary use of antibiotics. Prudent use of antibiotics reduces antimicrobial resistance.Â