bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mentalisation-based online intervention for psychologically distressed parents: protocol of a non-randomised feasibility trial of the Lighthouse Parenting Programme-Online (LPP-Online)
Authors: Georg Anna Katharina , Holl Julia , Taubner Svenja , Volkert Jana 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionOnline-based interventions provide a low-threshold way to reach and support families. The mentalisation-based Lighthouse Parenting Programme is an established intervention aimed at preventing psychopathological development in children. The objective of this study is to examine the feasibility of an online adaptation of the Lighthouse Parenting Programme (LPP-Online), evaluating (a) recruitment capability, compliance, acceptability and satisfaction with the intervention; (b) the psychometric properties of and the acceptability regarding the adjunct psychological evaluation; and (c) the employed materials and resources. The study will also obtain a preliminary evaluation of participants’ responses to the intervention.Method and analysisIn this monocentric, one-arm, non-randomised feasibility trial, n=30 psychologically distressed parents with children aged 0 to 14 years will participate in the LPP-Online for a duration of 8 weeks. The intervention consists of online group sessions and individual sessions, 38 smartphone-based ecological momentary interventions (EMI), and psychoeducational materials (website, booklet). At baseline (T0) and the end of the intervention (T1), parents complete self-report questionnaires as well as 7-day ecological momentary assessments (EMA) via smartphone. During the intervention, additional EMA are completed before and after the daily EMI. An interview regarding parents’ subjective experience with the intervention will be conducted at T1. The feasibility of the intervention, the psychological evaluation and the resources will be examined using descriptive and qualitative analyses. The preliminary evaluation of the parents’ response to the intervention will be conducted by analysing pre–post changes in questionnaire measures and the 7-day EMA as well as data of additional EMA completed before and after the daily EMI.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval of the study has been obtained from the local ethics board (Faculty of Behavioural and Cultural Studies, University of Heidelberg). Consent to participate will be obtained before starting the assessments. Results will be disseminated as publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals and at international conferences.Registration detailsGerman Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00027423), OSF (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/942YW).
Guideline-based exercise management for hip and knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional comparison of healthcare professional and patient beliefs in Ireland
Authors: Toomey Clodagh M , Bhardwaj Avantika , Browne Jacqui , Dowling Ian , Grealis Stacey , Hayes Peter , Higgins Niall , Maguire Darragh , O’Hora John , Rector Joseph , Wood-Thornsbury Arianna , Kennedy Norelee 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesTo identify within-stakeholder agreement and between-stakeholder differences in beliefs regarding exercise for osteoarthritis among general practitioners (GPs), physiotherapists (PTs) and people with hip and knee osteoarthritis (PwOA). A secondary objective was to explore the association between referral patterns and beliefs of PwOA.DesignCross-sectional.SettingOnline surveys administered to GPs, PTs and PwOA in Ireland via social media and healthcare networks.Participants421 valid responses (n=161 GPs, n=163 PTs, n=97 PwOA).Primary and secondary outcome measuresNine belief statements related to exercise effectiveness, safety and delivery were rated on a 5-point Likert scale and analysed for within-stakeholder consensus. χ2tests assessed differences in agreement between groups. Multivariable linear regression models tested associations between beliefs in PwOA and referral to/attendance at physiotherapy.ResultsPositive within-stakeholder consensus (>75% agreement) was reached for most statements (7/9 GPs, 6/9 PTs, 5/9 PwOA). However, beliefs of PwOA were significantly less positive compared with healthcare professionals for six statements. All stakeholders disagreed that exercise is effective regardless of the level of pain. Attendance at physiotherapy (49% of PwOA), rather than referral to physiotherapy from a GP only, was associated with positive exercise beliefs for PwOA (β=0.287 (95% CI 0.299 to 1.821)).ConclusionsBeliefs about exercise therapy for osteoarthritis are predominantly positive across all stakeholders, although less positive in PwOA. PwOA are more likely to have positive beliefs if they have seen a PT for their osteoarthritis. Knowledge translation should highlight the effectiveness of exercise for all levels of pain and osteoarthritis disease.
Health Outcomes around Pregnancy and Exposure to HIV/Antiretrovirals (HOPE) study protocol: a prospective observational cohort study of reproductive-aged women living with HIV
Authors: Kacanek Deborah , Yee Lynn M , Yao Tzy-Jyun , Lee Jessica , Chadwick Ellen G , Williams Paige L , Barr Emily A , Berman Claire A , Davtyan Mariam , DiPerna Alex , Flores Amanda , Green Jennifer , Haddad Lisa B , Hyzy Laurie , Jacobson Denise L , James-Todd Tamarra , Jao Jennifer , Khadraoui Anisa , Malee Kathleen M , Moscicki Anna-Barbara , Patel Kunjal , Robinson Lisa-Gaye , Salomon Liz , Sanders Kimbrae , Siminski Suzanne , Smith Renee A , Wolbach Tracy , Powis Kathleen M 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionOver 265 000 women are living with HIV in the USA, but limited research has investigated the physical, mental and behavioural health outcomes among women living with HIV of reproductive age. Health status during the reproductive years before, during and after pregnancy affects pregnancy outcomes and long-term health. Understanding health outcomes among women living with HIV of reproductive age is of substantial public health importance, regardless of whether they experience pregnancy. The Health Outcomes around Pregnancy and Exposure to HIV/Antiretrovirals (HOPE) study is a prospective observational cohort study designed to investigate physical and mental health outcomes of young women living with HIV as they age, including HIV disease course, engagement in care, reproductive health and choices and cardiometabolic health. We describe the HOPE study design, and characteristics of the first 437 participants enrolled as of 1 January 2024.Methods and analysisThe HOPE study seeks to enrol and follow 1630 women living with HIV of reproductive age, including those with perinatally-acquired HIV, at 12 clinical sites across 9 US states and Puerto Rico. HOPE studies multilevel dynamic determinants influencing physical, mental and social well-being and behaviours of women living with HIV across the reproductive life course (preconception, pregnancy, post partum, not or never-pregnant), informed by the socioecological model. Key research areas include the clinical course of HIV, relationship of HIV and antiretroviral medications to reproductive health, pregnancy outcomes and comorbidities and the influence of racism and social determinants of health. HOPE began enrolling in April 2022.Ethics and disseminationThe HOPE study received approval from the Harvard Longwood Campus Institutional Review Board, the single institutional review board of record for all HOPE sites. Results will be disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed journals and lay summaries.
Understanding the physiological and biological response to ambient heat exposure in pregnancy: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bonell Ana , Ioannou Leonidas G , Hirst Jane Elizabeth , Flouris Andreas 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionClimate change increases not only the frequency, intensity and duration of extreme heat events but also annual temperatures globally, resulting in many negative health effects, including harmful effects on pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes. As temperatures continue to increase precipitously, there is a growing need to understand the underlying biological pathways of this association. This systematic review will focus on maternal, placental and fetal changes that occur in pregnancy due to environmental heat stress exposure, in order to identify the evidence-based pathways that play a role in this association.Methods and analysisWe will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We will search PubMed and Ovid Embase databases from inception using tested and validated search algorithms. Inclusion of any studies that involve pregnant women and have measured environmental heat stress exposure and either maternal, placental or fetal physiological or biochemical changes and are available in English. Modelling studies or those with only animals will be excluded. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation tool. Abstract screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be conducted by two independent reviewers.Environmental parameters will be reported for each study and where possible these will be combined to calculate a heat stress indicator to allow comparison of exposure between studies. A narrative synthesis will be presented following standard guidelines. Where outcome measures have at least two levels of exposure, we will conduct a dose–response meta-analysis should there be at least three studies with the same outcome. A random effects meta-analysis will be conducted where at least three studies give the same outcome.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review and meta-analysis does not require ethical approval. Dissemination will be through peer-reviewed journal publication and presentation at international conferences/interest groups.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024511153.
Understanding HIV care providers’ support for tobacco cessation among people living with HIV in Western Kenya: a formative qualitative study
Authors: Kwena Zachary Arochi , Bukusi Elizabeth A , Ongeri Linet , Shade Starley B , Vijayaraghavan Maya , Odhiambo Francesca A , Ogala Cirilus O , Cohen Craig R , Magati Peter , Olando Yvonne A , Rota Greshon , Chatterjee Purba , Osula Christine A , Nutor Jerry J , Bialous Stella S 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionHealthcare providers are required to support people living with HIV (PLHIV) to quit tobacco use for improved health outcomes, but it is unclear to what extent they adhere to these requirements. We examined HIV care providers and PLHIV’s perceptions of support, and barriers, to providing tobacco cessation.MethodsThis qualitative investigation was part of a larger study seeking to integrate tobacco cessation into HIV care in Western Kenya (NCT05351606). We conducted 22 key informant interviews with HIV care providers and managers and four focus group discussions (n=28) with PLHIV. The interviews and discussions were audio-recorded, and audio files were transcribed and, when necessary, translated into English for coding and analysis.ResultsPLHIV rarely disclose or are screened for tobacco use unless a complaint or clinical finding prompts a provider. Despite PLHIV wanting to receive support to quit tobacco use, they feared negative reactions from their providers if they disclosed their tobacco use status. Providers cited several system-related barriers to screening for and providing cessation support for PLHIV, including workload pressure, lack of job aids, tobacco use screening not included as a performance indicator and lack of adequate counselling skills to address tobacco use.ConclusionsPLHIV are not routinely screened for tobacco use despite their knowledge of the negative impact of tobacco use on overall health outcomes and desire to quit. System-related barriers hinder providers from providing cessation support. Providers should be trained and equipped with additional skills and resources to integrate tobacco cessation support into routine HIV care.
Tree species diversity in managed Acadian forests of Eastern Canada
Authors: White Timothy L. , Adams Greg W. , Taylor Anthony R. , Gagnon Rolland , Sherrill Josh R. , McCartney Andrew W. 
Published: July 2024

Maintaining forest diversity is an important value in long range management planning. This study was conducted in the ecologically diverse Acadian forest region in the Province of New Brunswick, Canada across 1.65 million hectares of publicly owned (Crown) and privately owned (Freehold) land. Tree species diversity using Hill numbers was evaluated across 21 forest type/age class combinations (groups) using 1691 sample plots to assess tree species richness (0D), typical species (1D), and abundant species (2D). Across the entire study area there were 0D = 31.0 total tree species observed, 1D = 11.5 typical species, and 2D = 7.0 abundant species. Among the 21 forest types/age class combinations, the Hill numbers ranged from 0D = 16.0–28.3, 1D = 5.6–11.5, and 2D = 3.5–8.4. A comparison of public and private land ownerships showed minor differences in tree species diversity at the landscape level. More intensively managed forest types (e.g., planted stands and naturally regenerated stands with silvicultural interventions) had similar levels of landscape-scale tree species diversity as comparable forest stands receiving no silvicultural interventions. This suggests that current management practices are maintaining tree species diversity across the landscape and highlights the importance of tailored management regimes for different forest types to support this diversity.
On the dimensions of the graded space 𝔽2 ⊗𝒜𝔽2[x1,x2,…,xs] at degrees s + 5 and its relation to algebraic transfers
Authors: Võ Phúc Đặng 
Published: July 2024

For the purposes of our analysis, we shall work with the Steenrod algebra [Formula: see text] over the field of two elements, [Formula: see text]. Our paper focuses on expanding the outcomes from our preceding study, which serves as Part I. Precisely, we will initially compute the dimension of the “cohit” space [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is defined as the graded polynomial ring [Formula: see text], for the specific case of [Formula: see text]. This computation will be carried out explicitly for the generic degree [Formula: see text], where t is a positive integer. We have developed a novel algorithm implemented in SageMath to compute the case where [Formula: see text]. We subsequently study the dimension of [Formula: see text] in degrees [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text]. One of our findings is the correction of some erroneous results in the previous work by Moetele and Mothebe. We, additionally, give an explicit formula for the dimension of [Formula: see text] in degree fourteen for all [Formula: see text] and in degree fifteen for all [Formula: see text]. We also describe a computational method implemented in SageMath to explicitly account for the number of spikes of degree [Formula: see text] in the [Formula: see text]-module [Formula: see text], applicable for all positive integers [Formula: see text]. In application, we examine W. Singer’s conjecture on the algebraic transfer of rank 5 in degrees [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text] and of ranks [Formula: see text] in internal degrees d ranging from 13 to 15. Considering higher homological degrees, we analyze the behavior of the algebraic transfer of rank 7 in the generic degrees [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text]. We then demonstrate that the (in)decomposable elements [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are not in the image of the Singer transfer.
Determinants and patterns of treating Hemorrhoid (JediJedi) in Ekiti state, Nigeria
Authors: Arogundade A. O. , Igbekoyi Kayode Emmanuel , Ijabadeniyi O. A. 
Published: July 2024

Background to the study: Hemorrhoid is a common and unavoidable situation that cuts across all categories, irrespective of class, status, gender, educational attainment, spiritual or religious beliefs, and affiliations. Hemorrhoid is a benign anorectal disease which has affected millions of people across the globe. Aim and objectives: The study investigates the determinants and patterns of treating hemorrhoids (Jedijedi) in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: The study is a survey research study in which a quantitative method was adopted. Multistage sampling was adopted in selecting 492 respondents from the general populace in Ekiti State. A questionnaire was used to collect data and it was analyzed and presented in frequency percentage. Results: Religious beliefs do not determine patients’ choice of medication (49.0%), peer group determines the impact on patients’ choice of medication for Jedijedi treatment (53.3%), 53.0% affirmed that age determines the choice of treating Jedijedi, about 49% attested that gender determines their choice of treatment, and 41.6% confirmed that income determines their choice of hemorrhoid medication. Conclusion: The study concluded that treatment pattern constructs have effects on the treatment of hemorrhoids (Jedijedi). Recommendations: Government and relevant stakeholders should sensitize the public, and also encourage a wide lab test for local herbs.
Transcriptomic and proteomic differences in BTK-WT and BTK-mutated CLL and their changes during therapy with pirtobrutinib
Authors: Aslan Burcu , Manyam Ganiraju , Iles Lakesla R. , Tantawy Shady I. , Desikan Sai Prasad , Wierda William G. , Gandhi Varsha 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (cBTKis), which bind to the BTK C481 residue, are now primary therapeutics for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Alterations at C481, primarily C481S, prevent cBTKi binding and lead to the emergence of resistant clones. Pirtobrutinib is a noncovalent BTKi that binds to both wild-type (WT) and C481S-mutated BTK and has shown efficacy in BTK-WT and -mutated CLL patient groups. To compare baseline clinical, transcriptomic, and proteomic characteristics and their changes during treatment in these 2 groups, we used 67 longitudinal peripheral blood samples obtained during the first 3 cycles of treatment with pirtobrutinib from 18 patients with CLL (11 BTK-mutated, 7 BTK-WT) enrolled in the BRUIN (pirtobrutinib in relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies) trial. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, age, and Rai stage were similar in both groups. At baseline, lymph nodes were larger in the BTK-mutated cohort. All patients achieved partial remission within 4 cycles of pirtobrutinib. Lactate dehydrogenase and β2-microglobulin levels decreased in both cohorts after 1 treatment cycle. Expression analysis demonstrated upregulation of 35 genes and downregulation of 6 in the BTK-mutated group. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the primary pathways enriched in BTK-mutated cells were involved in cell proliferation, metabolism, and stress response. Pathways associated with metabolism and proliferation were downregulated in both groups during pirtobrutinib treatment. Proteomic data corroborated transcriptomic findings. Our data identified inherent differences between BTK-mutated and -WT CLL and demonstrated molecular normalization of plasma and omics parameters with pirtobrutinib treatment in both groups.
Multi-scale Modeling and Finite Element Analyses of Thermal Conductivity of 3D C/SiC Composites Fabricating by Flexible-Oriented Woven Process
Authors: Sun Zheng , Shan Zhongde , Huang Hao , Wang Dong , Wang Wang , Liu Jiale , Tan Chenchen , Chen Chaozhong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThermal conductivity is one of the most significant criterion of three-dimensional carbon fiber-reinforced SiC matrix composites (3D C/SiC). Represent volume element (RVE) models of microscale, void/matrix and mesoscale proposed in this work are used to simulate the thermal conductivity behaviors of the 3D C/SiC composites. An entirely new process is introduced to weave the preform with three-dimensional orthogonal architecture. The 3D steady-state analysis step is created for assessing the thermal conductivity behaviors of the composites by applying periodic temperature boundary conditions. Three RVE models of cuboid, hexagonal and fiber random distribution are respectively developed to comparatively study the influence of fiber package pattern on the thermal conductivities at the microscale. Besides, the effect of void morphology on the thermal conductivity of the matrix is analyzed by the void/matrix models. The prediction results at the mesoscale correspond closely to the experimental values. The effect of the porosities and fiber volume fractions on the thermal conductivities is also taken into consideration. The multi-scale models mentioned in this paper can be used to predict the thermal conductivity behaviors of other composites with complex structures.
Binary classification with fuzzy logistic regression under class imbalance and complete separation in clinical studies
Authors: Charizanos Georgios , Demirhan Haydar , İçen Duygu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
In binary classification for clinical studies, an imbalanced distribution of cases to classes and an extreme association level between the binary dependent variable and a subset of independent variables can create significant classification problems. These crucial issues, namely class imbalance and complete separation, lead to classification inaccuracy and biased results in clinical studies.

Method
To deal with class imbalance and complete separation problems, we propose using a fuzzy logistic regression framework for binary classification. Fuzzy logistic regression incorporates combinations of triangular fuzzy numbers for the coefficients, inputs, and outputs and produces crisp classification results. The fuzzy logistic regression framework shows strong classification performance due to fuzzy logic’s better handling of imbalance and separation issues. Hence, classification accuracy is improved, mitigating the risk of misclassified conditions and biased insights for clinical study patients.

Results
The performance of the fuzzy logistic regression model is assessed on twelve binary classification problems with clinical datasets. The model has consistently high sensitivity, specificity, F1, precision, and Mathew’s correlation coefficient scores across all clinical datasets. There is no evidence of impact from the imbalance or separation that exists in the datasets. Furthermore, we compare the fuzzy logistic regression classification performance against two versions of classical logistic regression and six different benchmark sources in the literature. These six sources provide a total of ten different proposed methodologies, and the comparison occurs by calculating the same set of classification performance scores for each method. Either imbalance or separation impacts seven out of ten methodologies. The remaining three produce better classification performance in their respective clinical studies. However, these are all outperformed by the fuzzy logistic regression framework.

Conclusion
Fuzzy logistic regression showcases strong performance against imbalance and separation, providing accurate predictions and, hence, informative insights for classifying patients in clinical studies.