bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bemessung von Fachwerkknoten mit Kreishohlprofilen und Knotenblechen unter Zugbeanspruchung
Authors: Thiele Klaus , Reininghaus Matthias , Clobes Mathias , Minuth‐Hadi Florian 
Published: August 2013

AbstractDie Bemessung von geschweißten Kreishohlprofil (KHP)‐Fachwerkknoten mit Knotenblechen unter Zugbeanspruchung ist in DIN EN 1993‐1‐8: 2010‐12 geregelt. Im Rahmen einer Diplomarbeit wurde der Einfluss maßgebender geometrischer Parameter auf die Tragfähigkeit dieses Knotentyps experimentell und numerisch untersucht. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen zum einen erwartungsgemäß die Normnachweise, zum anderen werden der Gültigkeitsbereich der Bemessungsformeln sowie die zugrundeliegenden Versagensmechanismen veranschaulicht.Design of plate to circular hollow section joints under tensile loads. The design of welded plate to circular hollow section (CHS)‐joints under tension is standardised according to DIN EN 1993‐1‐8: 2010‐12. By means of experimental and numerical investigations the influence of the most important parameters on the bearing capacity of this type of joint was investigated within the framework of a diploma thesis. The findings of these investigations confirm the existing design recommendations and illustrate the range of validity and occurring failure mechanisms.
Efficient β-cell regeneration by a combination of neogenesis and replication following β-cell ablation and reversal of pancreatic duct ligation
Authors: Hao Ergeng , Lee Seung-Hee , Levine Fred 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Achieving efficient β-cell regeneration is a major goal of diabetes research. Previously, we found that a combination of β-cell ablation and pancreatic duct ligation led to β-cell regeneration by direct conversion from α-cells. Here, we studied the effect of surgical reversal of the duct ligation, finding that there was a wave of β-cell replication following reversal. The combination of β-cell neogenesis prior to reversal of the duct ligation and β-cell replication following reversal resulted in efficient β-cell regeneration and eventual recovery of function. This provides an important proof of principle that efficient β-cell regeneration is possible, even from a starting point of profound β-cell ablation. This has important implications for efforts to promote β-cell regeneration.
Brg1 is required for stem cell maintenance in the murine intestinal epithelium in a tissue-specific manner
Authors: Holik Aliaksei Z. , Krzystyniak Joanna , Young Madeleine , Richardson Kirsty , Jardé Thierry , Chambon Pierre , Shorning Boris Y. , Clarke Alan R. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Brg1 is a chromatin remodeling factor involved in mediation of a plethora of signaling pathways leading to its participation in various physiological processes both during development and in adult tissues. Among other signaling pathways, the Wnt pathway has been proposed to require Brg1 for transactivation of its target genes. Given the pivotal role of the Wnt pathway in the maintenance of normal intestinal homeostasis, we aimed to investigate the effects of Brg1 loss on the intestinal physiology. To this end, we deleted Brg1 in the murine small and large intestinal epithelia using a range of transgenic approaches. Pan-epithelial loss of Brg1 in the small intestine resulted in crypt ablation, while partial Brg1 deficiency led to gradual repopulation of the intestinal mucosa with wild-type cells. In contrast, Brg1 loss in the large intestinal epithelium was compensated by upregulation of Brm. We propose that while Brg1 is dispensable for the survival and function of the progenitor and differentiated cells in the murine intestinal epithelium, it is essential for the maintenance of the stem cell population in a tissue-specific manner.
A Holistic Categorization Framework for Literature on Engineering Change Management
Authors: Hamraz Bahram , Caldwell Nicholas H. M. , Clarkson P. John 
Published: August 2013

AbstractEngineering changes are inevitable and might propagate within and across multiple boundaries. Their management has increasingly become relevant within the interdisciplinary field of systems engineering. A few literature categorization frameworks arising from literature reviews have been proposed to structure the research field of engineering change management. However, the literature reviews are limited in scope, and the existing categorization frameworks do not provide sufficient coverage of the research field in its broader context. This paper addresses both shortcomings. First, a new, holistic and process‐oriented literature categorization framework is proposed. Second, this proposed framework is used to categorize a comprehensive list of 427 publications in engineering change management. This categorization highlights not only research areas which have gained much attention, but also those where little research has been done. Third, a citation analysis is conducted which reveals the links between the publications and indicates the most cited publications. The result of this paper will help researchers and managers to (1) navigate through the state of the art in engineering change management, (2) position their work in the overall picture of engineering change management, (3) focus on the identified research gaps and weak points, and (4) search for further research and improvement opportunities. ©2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 16
Plasmagestützte Flascheninnenbeschichtung
Authors: Bahroun Karim , Behm Henrik , Dahlmann Rainer , Hopmann Christian 
Published: August 2013

AbstractDer Artikel beschreibt Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung der Barrierewirkung durch plasmapolymerisierte Sperrschichten auf Kunststoffgetränkeflaschen. Dabei wird eine Beschichtungsanlage im Labormassstab zur Bias‐gestützten Barriere‐Innenbeschichtung von PET‐Getränkeflaschen vorgestellt, die im Rahmen der Arbeiten konzipiert und erfolgreich in Betrieb genommen wurde. Dabei werden zwei Verfahrensvarianten untersucht; die Abscheidung von Barriereschichten im sogenannten In‐Plasma Prozess und der Einsatz einer einseitig angeregten Plasmaline. Vor‐ und Nachteile beider Verfahren werden in experimentellen Versuchsreihen ermittelt und im Hinblick auf die industrielle Anwendung zuammengestellt. Dabei kann die zu erwartende Barriereverbesserung, die eine Vorspannung des Substrats bietet, mit dem Faktor 2‐3 abgeschätzt werden. Weiterhin werden wesentliche Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung der Verfahren herausgearbeitet und mögliche Lösungsansätze aufg
ezeigt.
A vacuum arc plasma source with extended design
Authors: Lisenkov A. A. , Bystrov Yu. A. , Vetrov N. Z. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA vacuum‐arc plasma source having an extended design, operating in pulse regime and generating directed conveyer‐type flow was created and investigated. The identified regularity of development of arc discharge allowed controlling generation modes of the plasma source, providing the secure fixation of the cathode spots on the working surface and accelerated conversion of the cathode in the working mode. In this case each stage of development of arc discharge is determined by the conditions of existence of the cathode spots on the working surface of the cathode.
Conductance of slot channels formed by cylindrical walls
Authors: Salikeev Sergey , Burmistrov Aleksey , Bronshtein Mikhail , Fomina Marina 
Published: August 2013

AbstractGas flow through channels formed by cylindrical walls in molecular gas flow regime is considered in this work. Ex‐
perimentally obtained conductance of three types of channels in a wide pressure range is presented. Conductance in molecular flow regime is specified. Test particle Monte Carlo (TPMC) method is used for calculation of probability of molecule transition through channels formed by cylindrical walls when wall's radii and clearances vary. Generalization of calculated values is carried out, and a uniform formula for three types of channels is given. It can be used for gas flow in vacuum systems and oil‐free pumps such as scroll pumps and Roots pumps.
Entwicklung multifunktionaler, kubischer Bornitridschichten
Authors: Ulrich Sven , Ye Jian , Stüber Michael 
Published: August 2013

AbstractDicke, eigenspannungsarme, kubische Bornitridschichten können heute mit maßgeschneiderten Schichtkonzepten mit allen PVD‐ und PECVD‐Verfahren hergestellt werden. Dies lässt sich dadurch erreichen, dass man neben Bor und Stickstoff ein geeignetes drittes Element in der richtigen Konzentration in die Schicht einbaut, beispielsweise 5 at.−% Sauerstoff. Während des Schichtwachstums ist ein definierter, intensiver Ionenbeschuss notwendig, um eine Phasentransformation von hexagonalem zu kubischem Bornitrid zu erreichen. Die notwendigen Prozessparameter sind in sogenannten Parameterlandkarten dokumentiert und veröffentlicht. Nach der Schichtabscheidung schließt sich eine Wärmenachbehandlung im Vakuum für zwei Stunden bei 900°C an.
Climate policy and the ‘carbon haven’ effect
Authors: Branger Frédéric , Quirion Philippe 
Published: August 2013

In a world with uneven climate policies, the carbon price differentials across regions could shift the production of energy‐intensive goods from carbon‐constrained countries to ‘carbon havens’, or countries with laxer climate policy. This would reduce the environmental benefits of the policy (carbon leakage) while potentially damaging the economy (competitiveness concerns). A review on these questions is provided in this article. First we discuss the main terms involved, such as carbon leakage, competitiveness, sectors at risk, or climate spillovers. Then we analyze the studies evaluating the carbon leakage risk. Most ex ante modeling studies conclude to leakage rates in the range of 5–20% (if no option to mitigate leakage is implemented), whereas ex post econometric studies have not revealed statistically significant evidence of leakage. Different policy options to face these issues are then examined with an emphasis on Border Carbon Adjustments (BCA). BCA consist in reducing the carbon price differentials of the goods traded between countries. Properly implemented, they can reduce leakage (by around 10 percentage points in ex ante modeling studies) in a cost‐effective way but are controversial because they shift a part of the abatement costs from abating countries to nonabating countries. Their impact on international negotiations is unclear: they could encourage third countries to join the abating coalition or trigger a trade war. Besides, their consistency with World Trade Organization (WTO) rules is contentious among legal experts. WIREs Clim Change 2014, 5:53–71. doi: 10.1002/wcc.245This article is categorized under:

Climate Economics > Economics of Mitigation
Stream order-dependent diversity metrics of epilithic diatom assemblages
Authors: Stenger-Kovács Csilla , Tóth Lívia , Tóth Franciska , Hajnal Éva , Padisák Judit 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Diatoms are considered as an appropriate indicator group for ecological status assessment of surface waters. These organisms can be indicative not only of the waterchemical but also of the hydro-morphological characteristics (e.g., stream size, physical habitat diversity) of running waters. In this study, diatom diversity metrics (species number, Shannon diversity, and evenness) from 506 sites in Pannon ecoregion (Hungary) were compared to the Strahler stream order system established with ArcView GIS 3.2. SOM analyses were performed to exclude the effect of nutrients on diversity metrics along the stream orders. Mixed-effects linear models and Tukey’s post hoc test revealed a linear relationships between species number, diversity and stream orders on ecoregion level from first- to eighth-order streams. The species number increases with an average of 8%, and the diversity by 10% per unit increase of the stream order. However, we could not find relationships with evenness. Autotrophic diversity metrics based on diatom species data appear to increase parallel with the stream order while those of heterotrophic metrics (published in the literature) maximize at medium stream orders. We argue that stream order is a relevant typological parameter which can basically determine the diatom diversity metrics, and it is well applicable in biomonitoring.
Evaluating the impact of interactive and entertaining educational
conferences
Authors: Jerardi Karen , Solan Lauren , DeBlasio Dominick , O’Toole Jennifer , White Christine , Yau Connie , Sucharew Heidi , Klein Melissa D. 
Published: August 2013

Adult learning theory suggests that meaningful engagement impacts learning. To
evaluate the impact of resident-led interactive conferences on satisfaction, engagement
and knowledge acquisition. A prospective study at a paediatric academic institution
compared educational conferences in two formats. Control conferences were PowerPoint®
lectures and intervention conferences included multimedia, audience participation and
faculty mentorship. Learner and presenter satisfaction and learner engagement were
assessed by post-conference surveys. Knowledge was assessed via pre- and post-conference
open-ended questions; matched pre- and post-questions were analyzed. Control and
intervention groups’ satisfaction and engagement were compared using the Wilcoxon
rank-sum test. Comparison of proportion of learners with improved post-conference
knowledge score was analyzed with the Chi square test. There were 181 control and 170
intervention surveys collected. Learners’ median satisfaction (4 vs. 5, p = .03) and
engagement (4 vs. 5, p < .01) ratings improved in the intervention group. Presenters
rated audience engagement higher during the intervention conferences (median 3 vs. 4,
p = .01). Knowledge acquisition, compared for matched surveys only, was not
significantly different between the groups. Learner and presenter satisfaction and
learner engagement were higher for the interactive format. While knowledge acquisition
was unchanged, greater satisfaction encourages the use of interactive
conferences.
Initial evidence for sex-specific effects of early emotional abuse on affective processing in bipolar disorder
Authors: Russo M. , Proujansky R. , Gilbert A. , Braga R.J. , Burdick K.E. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractPurposeThis study investigates the effect of sex and childhood trauma on affective processing in bipolar disorder (BPD) patients.MethodsIn a sample of fifty-six BPD patients, we administered the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Affective Go/No-Go (AGNG) to measure affective processing. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the effect of sex and childhood trauma on IGT; Repeated-Measures ANOVAs to measure accuracy and bias measures across conditions on the AGNG.ResultsIn the context of childhood abuse, females evidenced a more conservative cognitive style than males by selecting fewer cards from the disadvantageous decks [F(1, 49) = 14.218;P< 0.001] and showed an improvement throughout the task, as noted in a normal learning curve [F(1.49) = 4.385;P= 0.041)]. For the AGNG, an interaction specific to the negative valence stimuli on response bias measures was found. Abused females scored higher (mean = 8.38; SD = 6.39) than abused males (mean = 0.69; SD = 1.19) [F(1.46) = 6.348;P= 0.015].ConclusionSeverity of childhood trauma was significantly different between sexes. In the context of a history of emotional abuse, male bipolar patients tended toward a more risk-taking behavior compared to female. Further investigations are needed to elucidate potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this interaction.
Review of transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells for spinal cord injury
Authors: Mothe Andrea J. , Tator Charles H. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition often resulting in paralysis, yet currently there is no effective treatment. Stem cell transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy for promoting tissue repair after SCI. Stem cells offer a renewable source of cells with inherent plasticity for tissue regeneration. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) are multipotent cells that self‐renew and are committed to the neural lineage, and thus, they are especially suited to SCI repair. NSPCs may differentiate into neural cells after transplantation into the injured spinal cord, replacing lost or damaged cells, providing trophic support, restoring connectivity, and facilitating regeneration. Here, we review experimental studies and considerations for clinical translation of NSPC transplantation for SCI.
Human rights to in vitro fertilization
Authors: Zegers‐Hochschild Fernando , Dickens Bernard M. , Dughman‐Manzur Sandra 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe Inter‐American Court of Human Rights (the Court) has ruled that the Supreme Court of Costa Rica's judgment in 2000 prohibiting in vitro fertilization (IVF) violated the human right to private and family life, the human right to found and raise a family, and the human right to non‐discrimination on grounds of disability, financial means, or gender. The Court's conclusions of violations contrary to the American Convention on Human Rights followed from its ruling that, under the Convention, in vitro embryos are not “persons” and do not possess a right to life. Accordingly, the prohibition of IVF to protect embryos constituted a disproportionate and unjustifiable denial of infertile individuals' human rights. The Court distinguished fertilization from conception, since conception—unlike fertilization—depends on an embryo's implantation in a woman's body. Under human rights law, legal protection of an embryo “from conception” is inapplicable between its creation by fertilization and completion of its implantation in utero.
Gutes Sterben gleich leidfreies Sterben?
Authors: Bozzaro Claudia 
Published: August 2013

Einleitung
In öffentlichen Debatten über die medizinische Begleitung von Sterbenden wird das „gute Sterben“ häufig mit einem „leidfreien Sterben“ gleichgesetzt. Das Kriterium der Leidfreiheit hat einen starken normativen Charakter, der selten kritisch hinterfragt wird. Eine kritische Reflexion über den Leidensbegriff scheint sehr wichtig, denn ein undifferenziertes Verständnis des Leidens kann einerseits zu einer Medikalisierung bestimmter Leiderfahrungen führen, andererseits zur Missachtung des anthropologischen Stellenwertes des Leidens.
Evaluation of antidepressant and memory-improving efficacy of aripiprazole and fluoxetine in alcohol-preferring rats
Authors: Burda-Malarz Kinga , Kus Krzysztof , Ratajczak Piotr , Czubak Anna , Nowakowska Elżbieta , Jędrzejewski Łukasz , Sadowski Czesław 
Published: August 2013

Introduction and aimsDependence on ethanol increases the risk of depression in patients and leads to a damage and deficiencies of brain function, which manifest in cognitive functions impairment. Aripiprazole (ARI) is an atypical antipsychotic drug, which has also been shown to have a beneficial effect on cognitive function. Results of many studies show that, for ARI's antidepressant effect to manifest itself, it is necessary to use a combined therapy with a drug from the group of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The aim of this paper was to assess the antidepressant and impact of ARI on spatial memory in alcohol-preferring rats (EtNPRs).Design and methodsIn our study, we used Porsolt's forced swimming test (antidepressant effect) and Morris water maze test. The tests have been conducted upon administration of ARI (6 mg/kg i.p.), fluoxetine (FLX; 5 mg/kg p.o.) and combined administration of both drugs in alcohol-dependent rats.ResultsThe results of behavioural tests carried out have shown a lack of antidepressant and procognitive effects of either ARI or FLX in EtPRs after acute and chronic treatment. Combined administration of both drugs would lead to spatial memory deterioration in the study animals.Discussion and conclusionsOur results suggest that ARI applied in the experiment had no antidepressant effect and failed to improve spatial memory in study rats. Potential antidepressant and procognitive properties of this drug resulting from its mechanism of action encourage attempts (design) of further research aimed at developing a dose, which will show such effects in alcohol-preferring animals.
Wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium)-enriched diet improves dyslipidaemia and modulates the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in obese Zucker rats
Authors: Vendrame Stefano , Daugherty Allison , Kristo Aleksandra S. , Klimis-Zacas Dorothy 
Published: August 2013

The present study investigated the potential of a wild blueberry (WB)-enriched diet to improve blood lipid profile and modulate the expression of genes related to lipid homeostasis in obese Zucker rats (OZR), a model of the metabolic syndrome with severe dyslipidaemia. For this purpose, twenty OZR and twenty lean Zucker rats (LZR; controls) were placed either on a control (C) or an 8 % WB diet for 8 weeks. Plasma total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol and TAG concentrations were determined. The relative expression of six genes involved in lipid metabolism was also determined in both the liver and the abdominal adipose tissue (AAT). Plasma TAG and TC concentrations were significantly lower in the OZR following WB consumption (4228 (sem471) and 2287 (sem125) mg/l, respectively) than in those on the C diet (5475 (sem315) and 2631 (sem129) mg/l,P< 0·05), while there was no change in HDL-cholesterol concentration. No significant effects were observed for plasma lipids in the LZR. Following WB consumption, the expression of the transcription factors PPARα and PPARγ in the OZR was increased in the AAT, while that of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) was decreased in the liver and AAT. The expression of fatty acid synthase was significantly decreased in both the liver and AAT and that of ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 was increased in the AAT following WB consumption. In conclusion, WB consumption appears to improve lipid profiles and modulate the expression of key enzymes and transcription factors of lipid metabolism in severely dyslipidaemic rats.
Age and growth of Alitta succinea (Polychaeta; Nereididae) in a tropical estuary of Brazil
Authors: Sette C.S.C. , Shinozaki-Mendes R.A. , Barros T.L. , Souza J.R.B. 
Published: August 2013

The aim of this work was to study the dynamics of Alitta succinea population growth in a tropical estuary. The organisms were collected in the polyhaline area of Pina Basin, north-eastern Brazil, in lower and shallow subtidal consolidated substrates, from October 2009 to March 2011. Fifteen samples with a size of 0.01 m2 were collected every month. A total of 2064 A. succinea individuals were measured for growth analysis, and the measure used was the length from prostomium to the 25th setiger. Growth parameters were estimated by the frequency–length distribution data from three different functions (i.e. von Bertalanffy, Gompertz and Richards). The differences in the densities of A. succinea were significant between the months of the dry and the rainy season, with the rain pattern being the factor that most affects the A. succinea life cycle. According to Akaike information criteria, the von Bertalanffy and Gompertz models were the ones that presented the best fit with the growth curve of A. succinea for the studied period. Using the Bhattacharya method for the analysis of modal progression, we identified eight cohorts. The lowest recruitment values were found in July and August 2010, respectively, and the remaining months had numbers of recruits that were representative of the total population. The growth performance index (Ø′) found was 2.86. The maximum longevity indicates that specimens of A. succinea live between 586 and 953 d, and the instantaneous mortality rate (Z) is 1.53 yr−1.