bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atsaru Ta’lῑmi ‘Ilmi Al-Lughati Al- āli Nahwi Dawāfi’i Al-Thalabati Fi Ta’lῑmi Al-Lughati Al-‘Arabiyyati
Authors: Azisi  , Syafitri Ria , Nurfaiza  , Mohd Shauki Bik Bin Mohd Kasim  
Published: August 2024

The background of this research is related to the motivation to learn Arabic in students using information technology. This aims to identify the impact of IT-based Arabic language learning on stimulating student learning. In this study, the researchers used quantitative methods, and this type of research is field research. Observational data collection methods, questionnaires and documentaries use data analysis using product torque codes. The results of this study are divided into two parts, namely the main findings and the sub-results. The main finding was that there was an effect of automated language teaching on students' motivation in teaching Arabic, but the effect was low, the known arithmetic r (0.3301) was greater than rtabular (0.2311) of the sum n = 80, db = n - nr = 78, (α) = 5%. This indicates that the null hypothesis (H0) is returned and the hypothesis of option (H1) is acceptable. The secondary outcomes are: a) the effect of automated language teaching on students' internal motivation in teaching Arabic is low, arithmetic r (0.2647) is greater than rtabular (0.2311) of the sum n = 80, db = n-nr = 78, (α) = 5%. This indicates that the null hypothesis (H0) is returned and the hypothesis of option (H1) is acceptable. b) The effect of automated language teaching on the external motivation of students in teaching Arabic is also low, it is known that the calculation r (0.2359) is greater than rtabular (0.2311) of the sum n = 80, db = n - nr = 78, (α) = 5%. This indicates that the null hypothesis (H0) is returned and the hypothesis of option (H1) is acceptable.
Imperative Sentences In Surah Luqman: A Study Of Structure And Meaning
Authors: Vina Ulfa Mahfudhoh  , Moch. Syarif Hidayatullah  , Cahya Buana  
Published: August 2024

Structure in language is an important part, especially in Arabic. Structure is an important part of determining a meaning.This research aims to reveal the structure and meaning of imperative sentences in surah Luqman. This research is a descriptive-qualitative research. The data source used in this research is Al-Qur'an by choosing one of the surahs in it in the form of surah Luqman. The data collection method in this research uses the listening method with documentation techniques. While the data analysis method in this research uses content analysis method with semantic approach to dissect the structure and meaning. The result of this study is that the structure of imperative sentences in surah Luqman is found in the form of (1) using fi'il amr, (2) using mashdar naib 'an fi'il amr, and (3) using lām nahiy which is before fi'il muḍari'. Meanwhile, the meanings found in the imperative sentences in surah Al-Luqman are command, honour, and prohibition
REPRESENTASI OF DA’WAH MESSAGES THROUGH PAINTINGS; ANALYSIS OF DA’WAH ISLAMIC DA’WAH IN SUFISTIK PAINTINGS @_ ZUKKK WITH A SEMIOTIC APPROACH
Authors: Romadlany Zakiyah , Ahmad Kavin Billah  
Published: August 2024

Painting is an art form of beauty has become increasingly crucial to convey Islamic messages and values in the new digital, da’wah media in the digital era, indicating in broadcasting Islam with various forms of methods, one of which is through painting (sign). This digital da’wah is a trend in society, especially the younger generation, the tendency to learn religion through social media. This research investigates the role of paintings in Islamic preaching. taking a case study of paintings on artists on the Instagram account "@_Zukkk". This research aims to analyze how the art by Zukkk plays an important role to starting da'wah in a unique way to convey Islamic values and its impact on viewers' understanding and interaction on the Instagram. This research used by Roland Barthes' semiotic study, which is a continuation of Saussure's thought in introducing the concept of connotation and denotation is the key to analysis. The results show that Zukkk's paintings have a very crucial role in da’wah Islam using a unique way. Through the expression of painting, Zukkk succeeds in providing Islamic messages, such as kindness, justice, patience, to inspiring his followers. Positive responses and powerful interactions, the many people who use the Instagram platform indicate the effectiveness of painting as a medium for delivering da’wah. The paintings are able to motivate the audience.

Keywords: Dakwah, Painting, Instagram, Semiotics
Nelson Werneck Sodré e a questão povo da literatura brasileira
Authors: Soares Luis 
Published: August 2024

A proposta que aqui será desenvolvida se constituirá em interlocução , sobretudo, com o históriador brasileiro Nelson Werneck Sodré, considerando:: 1. seus fundamento político-econômicos da literatura brasileria tendo como referência a questão da soberania nacional dialeticamente perspectivada em face da estrutura de dependência da qual o Brasil tem sido satélite desde a transplantação cultural portuguesa a partir do século XVI, sempre girando em torno de uma ou mais metrópoles ocidentais; 2.com o foco em autores do Modernismo brasileiro e no período de hegemon estadunidense, sobretudo após a Segunda Guerra Mundial; partindo sempre da premissa de que apenas o povo, em clave soberana, é o novo. Palavras-Chave: Nelson Werneck Sodré, ideologia do colonialismo, soberania nacional, literatura brasileira.
Measuring the Magnetic Dipole Moment and Magnetospheric Fluctuations of Accretion-powered Pulsars in the Small Magellanic Cloud with an Unscented Kalman Filter
Authors: O’Leary Joseph , Melatos Andrew , Kimpson Tom , O’Neill Nicholas J. , Meyers Patrick M. , Christodoulou Dimitris M. , Bhattacharya Sayantan , Laycock Silas G. T. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Many accretion-powered pulsars rotate in magnetocentrifugal disequilibrium, spinning up or down secularly over multiyear intervals. The magnetic dipole moment μ of such systems cannot be inferred uniquely from the time-averaged aperiodic X-ray flux 〈L(t)〉 and pulse period 〈P(t)〉, because the radiative efficiency of the accretion is unknown and degenerate with the mass accretion rate. Here, we circumvent the degeneracy by tracking the fluctuations in the unaveraged time series L(t) and P(t) using an unscented Kalman filter, whereupon μ can be estimated uniquely, up to the uncertainties in the mass, radius, and distance of the star. The analysis is performed on Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations for 24 X-ray transients in the Small Magellanic Cloud, which have been monitored regularly for ∼16 yr. As well as independent estimates of μ, the analysis yields time-resolved histories of the mass accretion rate and the Maxwell stress at the disk–magnetosphere boundary for each star, and hence auto- and cross-correlations involving the latter two state variables. The inferred fluctuation statistics convey important information about the complex accretion physics at the disk–magnetosphere boundary.
Giant Postflare Loops in Active Regions with an Extremely Strong Coronal Magnetic Field
Authors: Alissandrakis Costas E. , Fleishman Gregory D. , Fedenev Viktor V. , White Stephen M. , Altyntsev Alexander T. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We report for the first time the detection of thermal free–free emission from post-flare loops at 34 GHz in images from the Nobeyama Radioheliograph. We studied eight loops, seven of which were from regions with an extremely strong coronal magnetic field reported by Fedenev et al. Loop emission was observed in a wide range of wavelength bands, up to soft X-rays, confirming their multitemperature structure and was associated with noise storm emission in metric λ. The comparison of the 17 GHz emission with that at 34 GHz, after a calibration correction of the latter, showed that the emission was optically thin at both frequencies. We describe the structure and evolution of the loops and we computed their density, obtaining values for the top of the loops between 1 and 6 × 1010 cm−3, noticeably varying from one loop to another and in the course of the evolution of the same loop system; these values have only a weak dependence on the assumed temperature, 2 × 106 K in our case, as we are in the optically thin regime. Our density values are above those reported from EUV observations, which go up to about 1010 cm−3. This difference could be due to the fact that different emitting regions are sampled in the two domains and/or due to the more accurate diagnostics in the radio range, which do not suffer from inherent uncertainties arising from abundances and non-LTE excitation/ionization equilibria. We also estimated the magnetic field in the loop tops to be in the range of 10–30 G.
A Comprehensive Comparison of Spin-up and Spin-down Episodes of 4U 1538-522 Observed with NuSTAR
Authors: Hu Yongfeng , Ji Long , Yu Cong , Yang Lili 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
4U 1538-522 is a persistent high-mass X-ray binary that exhibits secular spin evolution. In 2019, it underwent a torque reversal from spinning up to spinning down. We performed an extensive study using four NuSTAR observations to compare temporal and spectral properties during different states. We observed no abrupt change in luminosity associated with the torque reversal. In addition, the pulse profile, the spectral shape, and the power spectrum remained unchanged before and after the torque reversal. The orbital and superorbital modulation profiles also showed no significant changes. We discuss possible mechanisms for the torque reversal and conclude that it is unlikely to be caused by interactions between the accretion disk and the magnetosphere. Instead, the transition of accretion modes in spherical accretion may be a plausible explanation.
GRB 211211A: The Case for an Engine-powered over r-process-powered Blue Kilonova
Authors: Hamidani Hamid , Tanaka Masaomi , Kimura Shigeo S. , Lamb Gavin P. , Kawaguchi Kyohei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The recent gamma-ray burst (GRB) GRB 211211A provides the earliest (∼5 hr) data of a kilonova (KN) event, displaying bright (∼1042 erg s−1) and blue early emission. Previously, this KN was explained using simplistic multicomponent fitting methods. Here, in order to understand the physical origin of the KN emission in GRB 211211A, we employ an analytic multizone model for r-process-powered KNe. We find that r-process-powered KN models alone cannot explain the fast temporal evolution and the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the observed emission. Specifically, (i) r-process models require high ejecta mass to match early luminosity, which overpredicts late-time emission, while (ii) red KN models that reproduce late emission underpredict early luminosity. We propose an alternative scenario involving early contributions from the GRB central engine via a late low-power jet, consistent with plateau emission in short GRBs and GeV emission detected by Fermi-LAT at ∼104 s after GRB 211211A. Such late central engine activity, with an energy budget of ∼a few percent of that of the prompt jet, combined with a single red KN ejecta component, can naturally explain the light curve and SED of the observed emission, with the late-jet–ejecta interaction reproducing the early blue emission and r-process heating reproducing the late red emission. This supports claims that late low-power engine activity after prompt emission may be common. We encourage early follow-up observations of future nearby GRBs and compact binary merger events to reveal more about the central engine of GRBs and r-process events.
Usage of Glimepiride and Metformin Combination in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Established Complications in Indian Settings
Authors: Sheikh Shehla , Nagendra Lakshmi , Sinha Binayak , Bansal Beena , Dey Amit , Kumar Surendra , Ghatnatti Vikrant , Aushili M. , Pednekar Abhijit , Prasad Ashish 
Published: August 2024

Objective:
To evaluate the usage pattern of glimepiride and metformin fixed-dose combinations (FDC) and to determine its efficacy and tolerability in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with established complications in Indian settings.

Methods:
This was a retrospective multi-centric (n = 156), cross-sectional study. Patients of either sex, age above 18 years, who had developed microvascular and/or macrovascular complications receiving any strength of glimepiride and metformin FDC for the treatment of T2DM were included. Demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory assessments, and adverse event profiles were retrieved from medical records.

Results:
A total of 470 patients with a mean age of 53.6 years were included. The majority of patients was obese (68.1%). Hypertension (58.7%) was the most common comorbidity, followed by dyslipidemia (36.0%). Macrovascular and microvascular complications were observed in 21.5% and 86.8% of patients, respectively. Among the available strengths, glimepiride 2 mg and metformin 500 mg FDC was most widely used in 30.2% of patients. Dosage up-titration was observed in 44.3% of patients. A significant improvement in glycemic parameters was observed posttreatment with glimepiride and metformin FDC (P < 0.001). Physicians’ global evaluation of efficacy and tolerability showed a majority of patients on a good to excellent scale (96.0% and 93.1%).

Conclusion:
Glimepiride and metformin FDCs have been extensively studied and found to be safe and effective in improving glycemic control with minimal risk of hypoglycemic events and weight gain in T2DM patients with established complications in Indian settings.
Spatial Distribution of Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Incidence Rates in Iran: A Registry-Based Study (2018–2022)
Authors: Rastegar Maryam , Nazar Eisa , Shakeri Mohammad Taghi , Fakoor Vahid , Nasehi Mahshid , Sharafi Saeed 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (SPPTB) is a significant public health concern in Iran. This registry-based study aimed to investigate the incidence rates of SPPTB in Iran from 2018 to 2022.

Methods:
The study analyzed SPPTB cases using the Spatial Lag Model to investigate the spatial distribution of SPPTB incidence rates, income inequality, and delayed diagnosis across the provinces of Iran and mapped the results using GIS maps.

Results:
The study found that SPPTB is prevalent among older individuals and males. The analysis identified significant spatial variation in the distribution of SPPTB incidence rates, income inequality, and delayed diagnosis across the provinces. The highest incidence rate of SPPTB was found in Sistan and Baluchestan Province and Golestan provinces. The study found a positive association between income inequalities, measured by the Gini index, and SPPTB incidence rates, indicating that provinces with higher income inequality may have higher incidence rates of SPPTB. The negative correlation with delayed diagnosis implies that predominantly, SPPTB cases are identified in the early months.

Conclusions:
The study highlights the need to address socioeconomic disparities in health outcomes and implement targeted interventions in areas with higher income inequality to reduce the burden of SPPTB in Iran. Despite decreased SPPTB incidence rates in Iran over the past decade, some regions, such as Sistan and Baluchestan, still have high incidence rates. The Iranian government has implemented policies and programs to reduce income inequality and delayed diagnosis within the country, which can contribute to reducing the burden of SPPTB.
The Impact of Preoperative Intra-articular Injections on Postoperative Outcomes in Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Rana Parimal , Brennan Jane , Johnson Andrea , Baxter Samantha N. , Turcotte Justin J , Petre Benjamin M 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Hip arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure commonly performed to treat various hip conditions. Preoperative intra-articular injections, such as local anesthetics and corticosteroids, are frequently used to alleviate pain and as a diagnostic tool before hip arthroscopy. However, studies have shown conflicting information; some demonstrate better patient outcomes, while others have found an increased risk of complications and negative effects on postoperative recovery. This retrospective study evaluated the association between preoperative injections and postoperative outcomes in hip arthroscopy patients.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective review of 1400 patients who underwent hip arthroscopy between 2014 and 2021 at our institution was performed. The patients were allocated into two cohorts based on whether they received a cortisone injection with local anesthetic within 1 year before the surgery. Outcomes during the study follow-up period (average: 437 days, max: 3018 days) were compared. Further analysis looked at subgroups at 30-day increments.

Results:
The results showed that 35.5% of the patients had received a preoperative injection. Although patients who received injections were more likely to be female (68.3% injected vs. 60.8% not injected, P = 0.019) and have asthma (12.5% injected vs. 7.3% not injected, P = 0.008), there were no significant differences in 90-day complications, 90-day emergency department visits, 90-day readmissions, any complications (wound infection, re-injury, recurrent pain or weakness, deep vein thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism), prolonged pain or recovery, reoperation, total hip arthroplasty, 6-month Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function, 6-month Hip Dysfunction and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Joint Replacement, or follow-up time between the injection and noninjection groups. There were no other differences in demographics, comorbidities, or physical function between the groups.

Conclusion:
Our study suggests that preoperative corticosteroid injections with local anesthetics do not significantly affect postoperative outcomes in hip arthroscopy patients or increase the risk of adverse effects. Careful evaluation of these risks and benefits is crucial to minimize potential adverse effects and maximize patient outcomes.
Medullary nephrocalcinois and primary hyperaldosteronism - A rare and under recognised association
Authors: John R , Johnson JT , Rajan RR , Jebasingh F 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Medullary nephrocalcinosis is an uncommon manifestation of primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) and the exact etiology of this association is still debated. Here we report three cases of PHA with medullary nephrocalcinosis and how medullary nephrocalcinosis in one patient led to misdiagnosis as renal tubular acidosis (RTA). Although PHA and RTA can share overlapping symptoms, careful evaluation of clinical presentation, biochemical tests, and imaging studies are essential to differentiate between the two conditions and ensure appropriate management. Also, awareness of this uncommon manifestation of PHA is essential to avoid misdiagnosis as tubulopathy, as this may delay the treatment.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Entirely Calcified Porcelain Gallbladder: Challenges, Management, and Literature Review
Authors: Pipal Dharmendra Kumar , Vardhan Vikram , Biswas Prakash , Pipal Vibha Rani , Jatoliya Himanshu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Commonly referred to as a “porcelain gallbladder (PGB),” gallbladder calcification is usually asymptomatic. It is observed that chronic inflammation of the gallbladder can occur as a result of another underlying condition, specifically gallstone disease. In the past, there was a belief that PGB had a correlation with gallbladder cancer, with an incidence rate of 30%. However, recent studies have indicated that the rate is only 5%–22%. Patients diagnosed with PGB, who are deemed to be at an elevated risk of developing cancer may undergo prophylactic cholecystectomies. However, recent research indicates that a subset of these patients may potentially avoid this surgical intervention. As a result of the increased risk of gallbladder cancer, and the difficulty of holding and retracting the gallbladder, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was not often recommended for patients with PGBs in the past. However, with the advancement of technology laparoscopy is now a choice for such difficult cases.
Here we report a case of PGB in a 55-year-old female patient who complained of intermittent pain in the right upper abdomen with vaginal discharge. She was successfully managed laparoscopically.
Radiological safety perspectives among undergraduate dental students, interns, and dental assistant certificate students at Taibah University Dental College and Hospital, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Felemban Doaa 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Dental imaging accounts for <1% of human exposure to ionizing radiation from of all types of medical imaging. Radiation-induced damage to cells has deterministic and stochastic consequences. The international commision for radiological protection recommends that any radiographic examination must be justified. However, studies measuring dental assistant (DA) knowledge and attitude towards radiation protection measures are lacking.

Aim:
Our study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes toward radiation protection measures among clinical dental students, interns, and DA certificate students.

Settings and Design:
The study was a cross-sectional observational analytical online questionnaire-based study.

Materials and Methods:
The questionnaire distributed over undergraduate students, DA certificate students, and dental interns.

Statistical Analysis:
Stata/BE 18.0 for Mac was used, Chi-square tests with a P < 0.05 indicating a significant difference in knowledge between groups.

Results:
A questionnaire was distributed to 203 of the participants. The average overall correct responses 46.14%. However, the DA student average correct answers were 38.71%.

Conclusion:
Students must improve their knowledge about radiation protective measures through educational sessions or pamphlets, particularly the DA. Radiology lectures should cover new safety precautions such as as low as diagnostically acceptable, shielding, and radiation to pregnant mothers, while incorporating national guidelines and recommendations.
Prevalence and clinical outcome of isolated aortic stenosis: A single-center experience
Authors: Al Rahimi Jamilah S. , Monaqil Abrar , Hersi Reem , Makki Reham , Al-Bakri Hadeer , Al Hashemi Hashem 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
There is a paucity of data regarding the prevalence and clinical outcomes of patients with isolated aortic stenosis (AS) in Saudi Arabia.

Aim:
Study investigates the prevalence AS and the effects of different treatment modalities on patients’ symptoms.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with isolated trileaflet AS between October 2015 and October 2018. Of 2300 patients who presented to our institution with valvular heart disease, 107 (4.7%) had isolated trileaflet AS.

Results:
The patients’ median age was 76 years (range 67–82). Dyspnea was the most common presenting symptom (n = This 86, 80.4%). The mean aortic valve area was 0.995 ± 0.35 mm2. Six patients (5.6%) had mild, 44 (41.1%) had moderate, and 57 (53.3%) had severe AS. Twenty-three patients with moderate/severe AS underwent surgery (22.8%), 24 patients underwent transcatheter valve intervention (TAVI) (23.8%), and 54 patients received medical treatment (53.5%). Marked symptom improvement was observed in patients who had surgery (n = 20, 86.96%), TAVI (n = 18, 75%), and medical treatment (n = 11, 18.33%) (P < 0.001). The factors affecting symptom improvement were surgery (odds ratio [OR] 21.97 [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.79–100.7]; P < 0.001) and TAVI (OR 9.27 [95% CI: 2.38–36.08]; P = 0.001).

Conclusions:
A prevalence of 4.7% was found for isolated trileaflet AS in patients who presented to our institution with valvular heart disease. Symptoms improved in patients who received interventional approaches compared with those who received medical management. Medical management should be strictly reserved for patients who cannot tolerate surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement.