bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation of the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage in Human Specimens Between 10 and 15 Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Zahid Sarfaraz  , Nighat Aar  , Muhammad Qaseem  , Saad Ahmed  
Published: August 2024

Background: The study examines some morphological and histological factors that may contribute to condylar cartilage (CC) formation. The specimens used were consecutive sections obtained from 20 human fetuses ranging in age from 10 to 15 weeks. The vascular canals (VC) emerge in the CC and initiate the process of intramembranous ossification. The mandibular condylar cartilage is crucial for the growth and function of the mandible, and it also contributes to the development of the Temporomandibular joint. Understanding the development of mandibular condylar cartilage throughout the early stages of gestation is essential for detecting congenital craniofacial deformities.
Objectives: Examine the stages of MCC development in human samples from fetuses at 10-15 weeks of gestation.
Study Design: A descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy and Obstetric Nowshera Medical College from 15th Nov 2020 to 1st Jun 2021. The changes in the shape and size of the bones and the processes of bone formation should also be determined.
Methods: The current study is descriptive, cross-sectional, and involves post-mortem human fetal specimens aged 10-15 weeks. The specimens were obtained from the Department of Obstetrics of QHAMC after miscarriages and intrauterine deaths. The absence of external and congenital malformations was verified. Light microscopic and histological assessment was done with the aid of H&E-stained sections.
Results : Twenty fetal specimens were used in the study, with an average gestation period of 12. 5 weeks (±1. 5 weeks). Histological analysis revealed gradual chondrocyte maturation and the beginning of the ossification process. At ten weeks, MCC was comprised of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. At twelve weeks, it is possible to observe the differentiation of chondrocytes and early ossification. At 15 weeks, the ossification stages of the CRL were at a superior level with the hypertrophic chondrocytes and mineralized cartilage. The p-values for differences in developmental stages between the gestational ages were less than 0. Hence, the differences were statistically significant.
Conclusion: The MCC in human specimens at 10–15 weeks' gestation undergoes considerable morphological transformation and commences the ossification process. Knowledge of these stages is essential in identifying and intervening in congenital craniofacial disorders. The authors recommend that future studies focus on investigating molecular processes that may contribute to the development of MCC.
Keywords: Mandibular condylar cartilage, Development, Gestation, Ossification
Determinants and Causes of Acute Kidney Injury: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rahmat Ali Khan  , Aysha Rahmat  
Published: August 2024

Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) stands out as a global public health issue defined by an individual's abrupt kidney dysfunction.
Objectives: sought to establish the predisposing factors and causes of AKI in one hundred patients. The following is a presentation of this broader study’s results, aimed at outlining the demographics and causes of AKI among this populace.
Study Design: A Retrospective Study
Place and duration of study. Department of Nephrology Miagul Abdulhaq Jahanzeb kidney hospital SWAT Six-month study period from May 1 to May 7, 2023
Methods: The current research was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study conducted on 100 patients diagnosed with AKI during the period of one and half-year starting from January to July 2020 at Swat. Information was thus obtained from charts using patients’ demographic data, clinical features, laboratory investigations, underlying diseases, and outcomes. The study was conducted in compliance to established ethical procedures in order to protect the patients’ identities and data validity.
Results: This concerned a group of 100 patients, and the following observations were made on them: The demographic majority were male, and their average age was 55 years. Clinical presentation: Oliguria 45% of the patients, Edema 30% of the patients Fatigue 25% of the patients Laboratory Diagnosis Serum creatinine average was 3. 2 mg/dl. Blood urea nitrogen average was 45mg/d Underlying Conditions: Comorbidities included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and sepsis. Of the above, hypertension was most common at 40% Others included diabetes mellitus at 35% and sepsis at 25% Outcomes: 60% of the patients recovered fully, 20% developed chronic diseases of the kidneys and the final 20% died.
Conclusion: This study also found that hypertension, diabetes, and sepsis are some of the major determinants that predispose people to AKI. Timely screening and addressing of these diseases should be a priority to help decrease the AKI rate and enhance the Peshawar individuals’ well-being.
Keywords: acute Injury, Determinants, Causes
The Role of YouTube in Marketing National Libraries’ Services in the Arab World: an Analytic Study of Content
Authors: Zouhir Ain Hadjar 
Published: August 2024

This study attempts to identify the role of the social media YouTube in allowing librarians and professional users to define and give information about national libraries in the Arab world through taking free video recordings available on digital spaces, or through live streaming in real time. In this scope, the latter will find this space as a suitable style for efficient library communication, and interaction via participation and comments around, above all, defining and marketing the various services offered by the different national libraries’ services and departments in the Arab world. That provides a participative space for exchanging ideas and information, in addition to demonstrable interaction on the professional side and daily news. This study has adopted the content analytical approach in relation with a selected list available via video clips’ network “YouTube”, using the search term ‘national library” for every particular Arab country adopting free discharging axis tab that cover the most important sides of the video clips’ topics such as: the comprehensive library services, scientific and cultural animation service, book exhibition services, meetings with personalities, library field visits, holding scientific manifestations, roles of citizenship and civil society, general news coverage. This study intends also to give an evaluative view on the level of cultural social communication and on the library side between the various segments of society within this space of social media spaces. Some practical suggestions are presented in the perspective of activating more this communication network in society.
THE CORRELATION OF LEVEL KNOWLEDGE AND ELDERLY HYPERTENSION DIET ADHERENCE IN NGANJUK REGENCY
Authors: Juwariah Titik , Yulianto Yoyok , Priyanto Agus , Jayadi Slamet 
Published: August 2024

Hypertension or high blood pressure is one of the non-communicable diseases caused by lifestyle. One prevention so that complications do not occur is to change lifestyle, food intake and routine blood pressure control. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of level knowledge and elderly hypertension diet adherence in Nganjuk Regency This research design used was correlative with a cross-sectional approach. The population was 28 hypertension elderly people who actively participated in the elderly Posyandu of Cepoko Village the sample all of 28 people as taken by total sampling. The independent variable is the level of knowledge in hypertension, the dependent variable was Elderly Hypertension Diet Adherence. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires. The data was analysed by Spearmen Rank Correlation test with an alpha of 0.05. The results of the study found that 67.86% of respondents including compliant and 32.14% non- adherence, following the hypertension diet and the results of the calculation of SPSS 25 significance value of 0.000, meaning was Ho rejected. The conclusion of this study was there are The Correlation of Level Knowledge and Elderly Hypertension diet adherence In Nganjuk Regency For this reason, it is hoped that the increasing role of families, cadres and nurses providing health education through interesting information such as using audiovisual such as social media content will be very capable of influencing knowledge that ultimately changes behaviour and compliance with something. Keywordslevel of knowledge, diet adherence, elderly hypertension
Education and Literacy Impact of Excellence Quality Management on Innovative Organizations in Basic Schools under Nonthaburi Provincial Administrative Organization, Thailand
Authors: Santaveesuk Piyapun , Onsampant Samrerng , Sokuma Kasinee 
Published: August 2024

The objectives of this study were to study (i) the excellence in quality management of basic schools in the Nonthaburi Provincial Administrative Organization, (ii) the innovative organization of basic schools at the Nonthaburi Provincial Administrative Organization, and (iii) the excellence in quality management affecting the innovative organization of primary schools under the Nonthaburi Provincial Administrative Organization. The study involved 240 participants, encompassing administrators, heads of learning groups, and teachers. The research instrument utilized was a questionnaire, and statistical analyses such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis were employed to analyze the collected data. Findings reveal significant insights: The study highlights a high level of practice in excellent quality management in basic schools, ranking in descending order as follows: student and stakeholder focus, performance results, strategic planning, faculty, and staff focus, measurement, analysis and knowledge management, process management, and leadership. The innovative organization of basic schools encourages high-level ranking in descending order: key individual, appropriate organizational structure, creative raising climate, effective teamwork, long-term stability, boundary spanning and learning exchange, high-involvement innovation, shared vision, and intention to create innovation. The study excellence quality management five variables: performance results, leadership strategic planning, process management staff focus that affected the innovation organization of primary schools under the Nonthaburi Provincial Administrative Organization, totaling 84.70 percent, written as a regression analysis equation as follows Ytot= 0.080 + 0.269X7 +0.091X1 + 0.231X6 + 0.164X2 + 0.133X5.
Morphological Characterization and Diversity Analysis of Maize Inbred Lines (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Narayan Ashish , Choudhary Vinay Kumar 
Published: August 2024

To characterize Maize inbred lines in respect to morphological and physiological traits for its diversity and final utilization in the breeding programs, a study was conducted with twenty-five inbred lines at Tirhut college of Agriculture, Dholi Muzaffarpur Bihar. Genetic diversity among inbred lines may be used for promising hybrid combinations development in maize breeding programme. In the present investigation, these twenty-five inbred lines were sown in randomized block design with standard agronomical practices during Kharif, 2022. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the parameters viz., Days to 50 percent Tasseling and Silking, 75% Brown husk, Plant Height (cn), Ear height (cm), Ear length (cm), Ear girth (cm), No. of Kernels per row, No. of kernel rows per ear, Iron and Zinc content (ppm), 100 grain weight (g), Harvest index and Grain yield (kg/ha.) showed presence of considerable variability among all the genotypes. Narrow deviation from genotypic and phenotypic variance evidenced that very less environmental influence on expression of almost all studied characters. According to the D2 analysis, the 25 maize inbred lines were divided into eight clusters, with cluster I having the largest number of inbred lines, while clusters II, V, VI, VII, and VIII have only one inbred line. Cluster VI (21-213-CML-401) and cluster VIII (HKI-1105) was the most distant cluster among inbred lines within the clusters, indicating the greatest genetic diversity.
Impact of Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria and Microbial Consortia on Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Singh Tribhuwan , Kothari Munmun , Singh Ajay Veer , Shankhdhar Deepti , Shankhdhar S. C. 
Published: August 2024

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food for over half the world's population, particularly in Asia. This study explores the potential of Zn-solubilizing microbes to enhance micronutrient content in rice, aiming to address these deficiencies sustainably. Beneficial free-living soil bacteria, specifically plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), were investigated for their role in improving plant health and yield. Twenty-two bacterial isolates were screened for Zn solubilization, with Enterobacter hormaechei identified as the most promising. Field experiments with rice varieties PD 26 and NDR 359 involved treatmentssuch asT1 (Control), T2 (ZnSB1: Enterobacter hormaechei MT507226.1), T3 (Consortium1: Pantoearodasii MZ397586 + Seratiamarcesecens MW843567), and T4 (Consortium2: Enterobacter hormaechei MT507226.1 + Pantoearodasii MZ397586 + Seratiamarcesecens MW843567). with individual and consortia of Zn-solubilizing bacteria. Significant improvements were shown in plant height, leaf area index (LAI), total chlorophyll, total dry matter (TDM), and grain yield. Results showed that Consortium1 (T3) significantly increased plant height by 7.94% for PD26 and 10.16% for NDR 359. Leaf Area Index (LAI) also improved notably under Consortium1, with increases of 15.56% for PD26 and 24.39% for NDR 359. Total chlorophyll content was highest under Consortium1 for PD26 (36.63% increase) and under Consortium2 for NDR 359 (31.41% increase). Total dry matter (TDM) showed substantial gains, especially in NDR 359 with Consortium2 treatment, achieving a 36.51% increase. Grain yield increased significantly across all treatments, with Consortium1 showing the highest yields: 12.26% for PD26 and 23.01% for NDR 359.Correlation analysis indicated strong positive relationships between plant height, TDM, and grain yield, underscoring the importance of these parameters in determining crop productivity. The findings suggest that microbial consortia, particularly Consortium1, can effectively replace traditional zinc fertilizers, enhancing sustainable agriculture by promoting plant growth and yield. These results are consistent with recent studies on the role of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in improving nutrient uptake and crop performance.
Simultaneous HTDMA and HR‐ToF‐AMS measurements at the HKUST Supersite in Hong Kong in 2011
Authors: Yeung Ming Chee , Lee Berto P. , Li Yong Jie , Chan Chak K. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractThis paper presents the results of simultaneous aerosol hygroscopicity and composition measurements using a Humidified Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (HTDMA) and an Aerodyne High‐Resolution Time‐of‐Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR‐ToF‐AMS) at the HKUST Supersite, located at a coastal suburban site in Hong Kong. Growth factors (GFs) at 90% relative humidity and the size‐resolved composition of ambient aerosols at dry electrical mobility diameters of 75, 100, 150, and 200 nm were measured in May, September, and November 2011. Bimodal GF distributions with a dominant more hygroscopic (MH) mode and a small fraction of the nonhygroscopic or less hygroscopic mode (number fraction < 0.2) were observed throughout the study. The average MH mode GF (1.44–1.52) over the second half of September was significantly lower than that in other periods (1.53–1.64) due to the high organic loading under the influence of the continental airstream. The average ensemble mean growth factor (GF*) of maritime aerosols was higher (1.53–1.59) than that of continental aerosols (1.45–1.48). Closure between the aerosol hygroscopicity and chemical composition was also evaluated. Over 90% of measured data and predictions based on Extended Aerosol Inorganics Model with a constant GF of the organic fraction (GForg) of 1.18 are within 10% closure. Approximations for GForg using the fraction of m/z 44 in organic mass spectra, the oxygen‐to‐carbon atomic ratio, and PMF‐resolved organic factors from HR‐ToF‐AMS measurements did not yield better closure results, likely because of the overall dominance of sulfate over the whole study period. Finally, GForg of 1 to 1.5 (with κorg up to 0.29) was found to best fit the additional water content unexplained by the inorganic species.
Impacts and effects of mesoscale ocean eddies on ocean carbon storage and atmospheric pCO2
Authors: Munday D. R. , Johnson H. L. , Marshall D. P. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAn idealized numerical ocean model is used to investigate the sensitivity of the partial pressure of atmospheric carbon dioxide (pCO2) to changes in surface wind stress when mesoscale eddies are permitted in the flow. When wind stress increases, pCO_2 increases, and vice versa. The introduction of mesoscale eddies reduces the overall sensitivity of pCO2 by changing the sensitivity of ocean carbon storage due to the saturation state of carbon dioxide, the net air‐sea disequilibrium, soft tissue carbon, and the carbonate pump. However, a full carbon pump decomposition shows different responses for different ocean carbon storage terms. For example, air‐sea disequilibrium is actually more sensitive to increased winds at eddy‐permitting resolution, whereas soft tissue carbon is much less sensitive to wind changes in an eddy‐permitting ocean. Changes in pycnocline depth and the strength of both upper and lower cells of the meridional overturning circulation affect this sensitivity.
Eruptive and tectonic history of the Endeavour Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge, based on AUV mapping data and lava flow ages
Authors: Clague David. A. , Dreyer Brian M. , Paduan Jennifer B. , Martin Julie F. , Caress David W. , Gill James B. , Kelley Deborah S. , Thomas Hans , Portner Ryan A. , Delaney John R. , Guilderson Thomas P. , McGann Mary L. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractHigh‐resolution bathymetric surveys from autonomous underwater vehicles ABE and D. Allan B. were merged to create a coregistered map of 71.7 km2 of the Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Radiocarbon dating of foraminifera in cores from three dives of remotely operated vehicle Doc Ricketts provide minimum eruption ages for 40 lava flows that are combined with the bathymetric data to outline the eruptive and tectonic history. The ages range from Modern to 10,700 marine‐calibrated years before present (yr BP). During a robust magmatic phase from >10,700 yr BP to ∼4300 yr BP, flows erupted from an axial high and many flowed >5 km down the flanks; some partly buried adjacent valleys. Axial magma chambers (AMCs) may have been wider than today to supply dike intrusions over a 2 km wide axial zone. Summit Seamount formed by ∼4770 yr BP and was subsequently dismembered during a period of extension with little volcanism starting ∼4300 yr BP. This tectonic phase with only rare volcanic eruptions lasted until ∼2300 yr BP and may have resulted in near‐solidification of the AMCs. The axial graben formed by crustal extension during this period of low magmatic activity. Infrequent eruptions occurred on the flanks between 2620–1760 yr BP and within the axial graben since ∼1750 yr BP. This most recent phase of limited volcanic and intense hydrothermal activity that began ∼2300 yr BP defines a hydrothermal phase of ridge development that coincides with the present‐day 1 km wide AMCs and overlying hydrothermal vent fields.
Seismic velocity changes caused by the Earth tide: Ambient noise correlation analyses of small‐array data
Authors: Takano Tomoya , Nishimura Takeshi , Nakahara Hisashi , Ohta Yusaku , Tanaka Sachiko 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe examine seismic velocity changes due to the Earth tide by conducting cross‐correlation function (CCF) analyses of ambient seismic noise recorded at a small array composed of seven seismometers in northeastern Japan. We calculate CCFs for the dilatational and contractional episodes that are predicted from theoretical tidal volumetric strains. CCFs of the two episodes are highly correlated, but tiny differences are found in their phases. The phase differences are explained by seismic velocity changes of −0.19 ± 0.06% at 1–2 Hz, which are interpreted to be caused by opening/closure of cracks or pores in the shallow subsurface due to the tidal strain. Strain sensitivities of the seismic velocity changes are estimated to be 6.9 × 104 strain−1, which are almost consistent with those reported in previous studies using artificial sources.
Long‐term storage and transport length scale of fine sediment: Analysis of a mercury release into a river
Authors: Pizzuto J. E. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractExcessive suspended sediment concentrations create important water quality problems, but scientists disagree on how to predict its movement through watersheds. Most models assume that fine‐grained sediment moves rapidly far downstream, without recognizing the importance of episodic, long‐term storage. Here a historic industrial release of mercury is interpreted as a decadal sediment tracer experiment, releasing sediment particles “tagged” with mercury that are deposited on floodplains. As expected, floodplain mercury inventories decrease exponentially downstream, with a characteristic decay length of 10 km (95% confidence interval: 5–25 km) that defines the distance suspended particles typically move downstream before entering storage. Floodplain mercury inventories are not significantly different above and below three colonial age mill dams (present at the time of mercury release but now breached), suggesting that these results reflect ongoing processes. Suspended sediment routing models that neglect long‐term storage, and the watershed management plans based on them, may need revision.
Contrasting conditions of rift and off‐rift silicic magma origin on Iceland
Authors: Schattel Nadine , Portnyagin Maxim , Golowin Roman , Hoernle Kaj , Bindeman Ilya 
Published: August 2014

AbstractFactors controlling the origin of silicic magmas on Iceland are poorly constrained. Here we present new data on H2O content, pressure, temperature, oxygen fugacity, and oxygen isotope composition of rhyolites from Askja, Öræfajökull, and Hekla volcanoes. All these parameters correlate with tectonic (rift and off‐rift) setting of the volcanoes. Askja rift rhyolites originate through extensive assimilation of high‐temperature hydrothermally altered crust (δ18O < 2‰) at shallow depths (≥1.8 km). These rhyolites are hot (935–1008°C), relatively dry (H2O < 2.7 wt%), and oxidized (QFM = +1.4). Cooler (874–902°C), wet (H2O = 4‐6.3 wt%), and non‐oxidized (~QFM to QFM‐1) off‐rift rhyolites (Öræfajökull, Hekla) originate through differentiation deeper in the crust (≥4 km) with almost no or little assimilation of high‐T, altered crust, as reflected by slightly lower to normal δ18O values (5.2–6‰). Although off‐rift rhyolites predominate during the Holocene, older silicic rocks on Iceland primarily formed in a rift setting possibly analogous to the oldest continental crust on Earth.