bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitating User Involvement in Activation Programmes: When Carers and Clerks Meet Pawns and Queens
Authors: DJUVE ANNE BRITT , KAVLI HANNE C. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractUser involvement has become an explicit goal within social service provision. Even so, the term remains ambiguous, and its implementation troublesome. Implementation theory lists a number of factors influencing bureaucratic behaviour; in this paper we investigate the ‘human factor’. Our ambition is to provide a framework for analysis of user influence in activation programmes that includes the individual characteristics of both service users and service providers. Building on theoretical insights from the literature on activation and agency, we develop a framework that distinguishes between two ideal types of service users: Pawns and Queens, and two types of service providers: care-oriented Carers and rule-oriented Clerks. This framework is then applied to identify key challenges for the interaction between users and caseworkers in two challenging situations: when service users express little or no agency and when they express agency that is incompatible with the overall goals of the programme. We find that Carers show pronounced reluctance to overrule the choices made by service users even when they have conflicting views – and tend to postpone decisions when they interact with Pawns. Clerks tend to overrule the decisions of Queens when they have conflicting views, and to make decisions on behalf of Pawns. The analysis draws on data collected from 126 qualitative interviews with service providers and participants in the Norwegian Introductory Programme for immigrants and a survey of 320 caseworkers.
Appendix: Report on amber beads from Aegean sites
Authors: Werner A. E. 
Published: November 2014

The amber beads were examined with a view to determining the origin of the amber—in particular to distinguish between Prussian and Sicilian amber. The samples were compared with specimens of Prussian and Sicilian amber of authenticated origin as controls.A. Appearance under ultra-violet lightAll the samples and the controls showed the same superficial dull-yellow fluorescence except samples 1 and 6, which were darkish brown in colour. When a fresh surface was exposed by removal of the outer brittle crust, all samples showed a greyish-blue fluorescence. Finally, when the samples (with the exception of no. 6) were cut in half, the central areas showed a milky white fluorescence. This area was particularly prominent in the case of the Sicilian sample, in which the greyish-blue fluorescence was confined to a very thin zone.The phenomena observed in the case both of samples and of the control specimens were so similar that no conclusions could be drawn about the origin of the amber beads.
Characterizing nanoparticles with a laboratory diffractometer: from small-angle to total X-ray scattering
Authors: Sommariva Marco , Gateshki Milen , Gertenbach Jan-André , Bolze Joerg , König Uwe , Vasile Bogdan Ştefan , Surdu Vasile-Adrian 
Published: November 2014

X-ray diffraction and scattering on a single multipurpose X-ray platform have been used to probe the structure, composition, and thermal behavior of TiO2 nanoparticles ranging in size from 1 to 10 nm. Ambient and non-ambient Bragg diffraction, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), as well as total scattering and pair-distribution function (PDF) analysis are combined to obtain a comprehensive picture of the samples. At these ultrasmall particle-size dimensions, SAXS and PDF prove powerful in distinguishing the salient features of the materials, in particular the size distribution of the primary particles (SAXS) and the identification of the TiO2 polymorphs (PDF). Structural features determined by X-ray scattering techniques are corroborated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The elemental make-up of the materials has been measured using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis.
A novel system for the classification of diseased retinal ganglion cells
Authors: TRIBBLE JAMES R. , CROSS STEPHEN D. , SAMSEL PAULINA A. , SENGPIEL FRANK , MORGAN JAMES E. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractRetinal ganglion cell (RGC) dendritic atrophy is an early feature of many forms of retinal degeneration, providing a challenge to RGC classification. The characterization of these changes is complicated by the possibility that selective labeling of any particular class can confound the estimation of dendritic remodeling. To address this issue we have developed a novel, robust, and quantitative RGC classification based on proximal dendritic features which are resistant to early degeneration. RGCs were labeled through the ballistic delivery of DiO and DiI coated tungsten particles to whole retinal explants of 20 adult Brown Norway rats. RGCs were grouped according to the Sun classification system. A comprehensive set of primary and secondary dendrite features were quantified and a new classification model derived using principal component (PCA) and discriminant analyses, to estimate the likelihood that a cell belonged to any given class. One-hundred and thirty one imaged RGCs were analyzed; according to the Sun classification, 24% (n = 31) were RGCA, 29% (n = 38) RGCB, 32% (n = 42) RGCC, and 15% (n = 20) RGCD. PCA gave a 3 component solution, separating RGCs based on descriptors of soma size and primary dendrite thickness, proximal dendritic field size and dendritic tree asymmetry. The new variables correctly classified 73.3% (n = 74) of RGCs from a training sample and 63.3% (n = 19) from a hold out sample indicating an effective model. Soma and proximal dendritic tree morphological features provide a useful surrogate measurement for the classification of RGCs in disease. While a definitive classification is not possible in every case, the technique provides a useful safeguard against sample bias where the normal criteria for cell classification may not be reliable.
Linear logic propositions as session types
Authors: CAIRES LUÍS , PFENNING FRANK , TONINHO BERNARDO 
Published: November 2014

Throughout the years, several typing disciplines for the π-calculus have been proposed. Arguably, the most widespread of these typing disciplines consists of session types. Session types describe the input/output behaviour of processes and traditionally provide strong guarantees about this behaviour (i.e. deadlock-freedom and fidelity). While these systems exploit a fundamental notion of linearity, the precise connection between linear logic and session types has not been well understood.This paper proposes a type system for the π-calculus that corresponds to a standard sequent calculus presentation of intuitionistic linear logic, interpreting linear propositions as session types and thus providing a purely logical account of all key features and properties of session types. We show the deep correspondence between linear logic and session types by exhibiting a tight operational correspondence between cut-elimination steps and process reductions. We also discuss an alternative presentation of linear session types based on classical linear logic, and compare our development with other more traditional session type systems.
Congenital absence of pericardium: a nomad heart
Authors: Marta Liliana , Ferreira António M. , Santos Katya R. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractCongenital pericardial absence is a rare cardiac defect. Although most patients are asymptomatic, recognising this condition is clinically important as it can cause serious complications. We report the case of an asymptomatic 33-year-old woman seeking medical attention due to a family history of sudden cardiac death. The investigation led us to the diagnosis of congenital absence of the pericardium. The role of imaging in the diagnosis of this rare cardiac malformation is briefly discussed.
The Gujarat Earthquake (2001) Experience in a Seismically Unprepared
Area: Community Hospital Medical Response
Authors: Roy Nobhojit , Shah Hemant , Patel Vikas , Coughlin R. Richard 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Background:

At 08:53 hours on 26 January 2001, an earthquake measuring 6.9 on
the Richter scale devastated a large, drought-affected area of
northwestern India, the state of Gujarat. The known number killed by the
earthquake is 20,005, with 166,000 injured, of whom 20,717 were
“seriously” injured. About 370,000 houses were destroyed, and another
922,000 were damaged.

Methods:

A community health worker using the local language interviewed all
of the patients admitted to the Gandhi-Lincoln hospital with an on-site,
oral, real-time, Victim Specific Questionnaire (VSQ).

Results:

The census showed a predominance of women, children, and young
adults, with the average age being 28 years. The majority of the
patients had other family members who were also injured (84%), but most
had not experienced deaths among family members (86%). Most of the
patients (91%) had traveled more than 200 kilometers using their family
cars, pick-ups, trucks, or buses to reach the buffer zone hospitals. The
daily hospital admission rate returned to pre-event levels five days
after the event, and all of the hospital services were restored by nine
days after the quake. Most of the patients (83%) received definitive
treatment in the buffer zone hospitals; 7% were referred to
tertiary-care centers; and 9% took discharge against medical
advice.
The entrapped village folk with their traditional architecture had
lesser injuries and a higher rescue rate than did the semi-urban
townspeople, who were trapped in collapsed concrete masonry buildings
and narrow alleys. However, at the time of crisis, aware townspeople
were able to tap the available health resources better than were the
poor. There was a low incidence of crush injuries. Volunteer doctors
from various backgrounds teamed up to meet the medical crisis.
International relief agencies working through local groups were more
effective. Local relief groups needed to coordinate better. Disaster
tourism by various well-meaning agencies took a toll on the providers.
Many surgeries may have contributed to subsequent morbidity.

Conclusions:

The injury profile was similar to that reported for most other
daytime earthquakes. Buffer zone treatment outcomes were better than
were the field and damaged hospital outcomes.
Bridging the Gap Between Neurocognitive Processing Theory and Performance Validity Assessment among the Cognitively Impaired: A Review and Methodological Approach
Authors: Leighton Angela , Weinborn Michael , Maybery Murray 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBigler (2012) and Larrabee (2012) recently addressed the state of the science surrounding performance validity tests (PVTs) in a dialogue highlighting evidence for the valid and increased use of PVTs, but also for unresolved problems. Specifically, Bigler criticized the lack of guidance from neurocognitive processing theory in the PVT literature. For example, individual PVTs have applied the simultaneous forced-choice methodology using a variety of test characteristics (e.g., wordvs. picture stimuli) with known neurocognitive processing implications (e.g., the “picture superiority effect”). However, the influence of such variations on classification accuracy has been inadequately evaluated, particularly among cognitively impaired individuals. The current review places the PVT literature in the context of neurocognitive processing theory, and identifies potential methodological factors to account for the significant variability we identified in classification accuracy across current PVTs. We subsequently evaluated the utility of a well-known cognitive manipulation to provide a Clinical Analogue Methodology (CAM), that is, to alter the PVT performance of healthy individuals to be similar to that of a cognitively impaired group. Initial support was found, suggesting the CAM may be useful alongside other approaches (analogue malingering methodology) for the systematic evaluation of PVTs, particularly the influence of specific neurocognitive processing components on performance. (JINS, 2014,20, 873–886)
The impacts and acceptance of agricultural biotechnology: an introduction to the special issue
Authors: Zilberman David , Wesseler Justus 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAttitudes towards and acceptance of agricultural biotechnology, which involves inserting genes that carry new traits into existing varieties, has been subject to much debate. This special issue aims to address several gaps in the literature on genetically modified (GM) technology in agriculture. Some of the papers in the issue address the economic and health aspects of genetic modification in agriculture while others examine consumers’ attitudes towards GM products, and the marketing and labeling of GM products.
In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy of Ionic Conductivity and Reaction Mechanisms in Ultrathin Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Tavabi Amir H. , Arai Shigeo , Muto Shunsuke , Tanji Takayoshi , Dunin-Borkowski Rafal E. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractSolid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are promising candidates for use in alternative energy technologies. A full understanding of the reaction mechanisms in these dynamic material systems is required to optimize device performance and overcome present limitations. Here, we show that in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to study redox reactions and ionic conductivity in SOFCs in a gas environment at elevated temperature. We examine model ultrathin half and complete cells in two environmental TEMs using off-axis electron holography and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Our results from the model cells provide insight into the essential phenomena that are important for the operation of commercial devices. Changes in the activities of dopant cations in the solid electrolyte are detected during oxygen anion conduction, demonstrating the key role of dopants in electrolyte architecture in SOFCs.
Bandwidth enhancement of a planar monopole microstrip patch antenna
Authors: Baudha Sudeep , Vishwakarma Dinesh Kumar 
Published: November 2014

This paper presents a simple broadband planar monopole microstrip patch antenna with curved slot and partial ground plane. The proposed antenna is designed and fabricated on commercially available FR4 material with εr = 4.3 and 0.025 loss tangent. Bandwidth enhancement has been achieved by introducing a curved slot in the patch and optimizing the gap between the patch and the partial ground plane and the gap between the curved slot and the edge of the patch. Simulated peak gain of the proposed antenna is 4.8 dB. The impedance bandwidth (defined by 10 dB return loss) of the proposed antenna is 109% (2–6.8 GHz), which shows bandwidth enhancement of 26% as compared with simple monopole antenna. The antenna is useful for 2.4/5.2/5.8-GHz WLAN bands, 2.5/3.5/5.5-GHz WiMAX bands, and other wireless communication services. Measured results show good agreement with the simulated results. The proposed antenna details are described and measured/simulated results are elaborated.
More on “Arabic Linguistic Terminology in Pedro de Alcalá”
Authors: Zwartjes Otto 
Published: November 2014

SummaryThe main purpose of this paper is to analyze Spanish linguistic terms and their translations into Arabic in Pedro de Alcalá’s (c.1455–post1505)Vocabulista arauiga en letra castellana, the first printed missionary Spanish–Arabic dictionary, which appeared together with hisArte para ligeramente saber la lengua arauiga(1505). In 1981 William Cowan published a list of Arabic grammatical and linguistic terms in the grammatical treatise (Arte). As will be demonstrated in the present study, Pedro de Alcalá’s dictionary is an even more important source for the study of Arabic linguistic terms as they circulated among ‘the wise alfaquis’ – the informants of Pedro de Alcalá – in Andalusia and Granada after the Conquest of 1492. In general, Pedro de Alcalá follows theVocabulario español-latino(c.1495) composed by Antonio de Nebrija (1441/44–1520), but it is obvious that he added a number of linguistic terms in hisVocabulistanot found in Nebrija’s work. The Arabic terms have a long history and had been developed for the Arabic language. These terms are analyzed in detail. Some of them are obviously erroneous, others are correct, and often the Arabic technical terms do not correspond (entirely) to the Spanish source entries, since technical terms in both languages have been developed for the description of different languages. This paper contributes to the historiography of descriptive linguistics in early modern Spain and particularly highlights which strategies Pedro de Alcalá followed when translating Graeco-Latin concepts into Arabic.
Sampling Characteristics and Calibration of Snorkel Counts to Estimate Stream Fish Populations
Authors: Weaver Daniel M. , Kwak Thomas J. , Pollock Kenneth H. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Snorkeling is a versatile technique for estimating lotic fish population characteristics; however, few investigators have evaluated its accuracy at population or assemblage levels. We evaluated the accuracy of snorkeling using prepositioned areal electrofishing (PAE) for estimating fish populations in a medium-sized Appalachian Mountain river during fall 2008 and summer 2009. Strip-transect snorkel counts were calibrated with PAE counts in identical locations among macrohabitats, fish species or taxa, and seasons. Mean snorkeling efficiency (i.e., the proportion of individuals counted from the true population) among all taxa and seasons was 14.7% (SE, 2.5%), and the highest efficiencies were for River Chub Nocomis micropogon at 21.1% (SE, 5.9%), Central Stoneroller Campostoma anomalum at 20.3% (SE, 9.6%), and darters (Percidae) at 17.1% (SE, 3.7%), whereas efficiencies were lower for shiners (Notropis spp., Cyprinella spp., Luxilus spp.) at 8.2% (SE, 2.2%) and suckers (Catostomidae) at 6.6% (SE, 3.2%). Macrohabitat type, fish taxon, or sampling season did not significantly explain variance in snorkeling efficiency. Mean snorkeling detection probability (i.e., probability of detecting at least one individual of a taxon) among fish taxa and seasons was 58.4% (SE, 6.1%). We applied the efficiencies from our calibration study to adjust snorkel counts from an intensive snorkeling survey conducted in a nearby reach. Total fish density estimates from strip-transect counts adjusted for snorkeling efficiency were 7,288 fish/ha (SE, 1,564) during summer and 15,805 fish/ha (SE, 4,947) during fall. Precision of fish density estimates is influenced by variation in snorkeling efficiency and sample size and may be increased with additional sampling effort. These results demonstrate the sampling properties and utility of snorkeling to characterize lotic fish assemblages with acceptable efficiency and detection probability, less effort, and no mortality, compared with traditional sampling methods.
Received April 29, 2014; accepted July 23, 2014
Salt stress-induced protein pattern associated with photosynthetic parameters and andrographolide content in Andrographis paniculata Nees
Authors: Talei Daryush , Valdiani Alireza , Maziah Mahmood , Sagineedu Sreenivasa Rao , Abiri Rambod 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Andrographis paniculata is a multifunctional medicinal plant and a potent source of bioactive compounds. Impact of environmental stresses such as salinity on protein diversification, as well as the consequent changes in the photosynthetic parameters and andrographolide content (AG) of the herb, has not yet been thoroughly investigated. The present study showed that the salinity affects the protein pattern, and subsequently, it decreased the photosynthetic parameters, protein content, total dry weight, and total crude extract. Exceptionally, the AG content was increased (p ≤ 0.01). Moreover, it was noticed that the salinity at 12 dS m−1 led to the maximum increase in AG content in all accessions. Interestingly, the leaf protein analysis revealed that the two polymorphic protein bands as low- and medium-sized of 17 and 45 kDa acted as the activator agents for the photosynthetic parameters and AG content. Protein sequencing and proteomic analysis can be conducted based on the present findings in the future.
Risk of Cross Transmission with Point-of-Care Ultrasound System: Effect of a Glass-Sealed Control Panel on Microbial Contamination
Authors: Mekontso Dessap Armand , Jansen Chloe , Boissier Florence , Razazi Keyvan , de Prost Nicolas , Michaud Gaël , Cizeau Florence , Ducellier David , Abid Shariq , Decousser Jean-Winoc , Brun-Buisson Christian 
Published: November 2014

Contamination of a point-of-care ultrasound system (POCUS) mainly involved electrocardiography accessories and included pathogenic microorganisms. The use of a glass-sealed control panel significantly facilitated its cleaning and reduced its bacterial contamination compared with a standard control panel. Overall hand hygiene compliance during examinations with POCUS was poor.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(12):1539–1542
Liver Biopsy in Children
Authors: Dezsőfi Antal , Baumann Ulrich , Dhawan Anil , Durmaz Ozlem , Fischler Björn , Hadzic Nedim , Hierro Loreto , Lacaille Florence , McLin Valérie A. , Nobili Valerio , Socha Piotr , Vajro Pietro , Knisely Alexander S. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTLiver biopsy (LB) is still the criterion standard procedure for obtaining liver tissue for histopathological examination and a valuable tool in the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of many parenchymal liver diseases. The aim of this position paper is to summarise the present practice of paediatric LB and make recommendations about its performance. Although histological evaluation of the liver is important in assessing prognosis and exploring treatment, noninvasive techniques (ie, imaging, laboratory markers) may replace use of liver histology. The indications for LB are changing as present knowledge of aetiologies, pathomechanism, and therapeutic options in paediatric liver disease is evolving. Adult and paediatric literature was reviewed to assess the existing clinical practice of LB with focus on the technique, indications, risk of complications, and contraindications in paediatrics. This position paper presents types of LB, indications, complications, contraindications, and an essential checklist for paediatric LB.
The price of correlation risk: evidence from Chinese stock market
Authors: Deng Yiwen , Liu Chen , Zheng Zhenlong 
Published: November 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to study how the market correlation changes in Chinese stock market and how the market correlation affects stock returns.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors first examine the relationship between the market correlation and the market return. Then, the authors run formal multiple regressions to see whether correlation risk is priced in security returns.

Findings
– The authors find that market correlation increases when the market index falls down. Though market correlation risk is partly influenced by macroeconomic shocks, volatility risk, liquidity risk and higher moment risk, market correlation contains unique information that measures the benefit investors gain from diversification strategies. The market correlation risk is negatively priced. This conclusion remains valid even if the authors have considered the influence of other risk factors and the impact of conditional information.

Research limitations/implications
– Subjected to the limited history of the Chinese stock market, the authors cannot use more accurate and specific empirical methodology to fulfill the empirical research. And this renders further study.

Originality/value
– This research provides empirical evidence in a new data sample and it sheds lights on correlation strategies for institutional investors in China.