bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GV‐971 attenuates the progression of neuromyelitis optica in murine models and reverses alterations in gut microbiota and associated peripheral abnormalities
Authors: Yang Xinying , Zhangyi Zhongheng , Yu Aisong , Zhou Qinming , Xia Aihua , Qiu Ji , Cai Meixiang , Chu Xingkun , Li Liang , Feng Zhengnan , Luo Zhiyu , Sun Guangqiang , Zhang Jing , Geng Meiyu , Chen Sheng , Xie Zuoquan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsGrowing evidence suggests that an imbalanced gut microbiota composition plays a crucial role in the development of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), an inflammatory demyelinating disease primarily affecting the optic nerves and central nervous system (CNS). In light of this, we explored the potential therapeutic benefits of GV‐971 in NMOSD. GV‐971 is a drug used for treating mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease, which targets the gut‐brain axis and reduces neuroinflammation.MethodsTo evaluate GV‐971's effects, we employed the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model to establish NMOSD animal models. This was achieved by injecting NMO‐IgG into aged mice (11 months old) or using NMO‐IgG along with complement injection and microbubble‐enhanced low‐frequency ultrasound (MELFUS) techniques in young mice (7 weeks old). We assessed the impact of GV‐971 on incidence rate, clinical scores, body weight, and survival, with methylprednisolone serving as a positive control. In NMOSD models of young mice, we analyzed spinal cord samples through H&E staining, immunohistochemistry, and Luxol Fast Blue staining. Fecal samples collected at different time points underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing, while plasma samples were analyzed using cytokine array and untargeted metabolomics analysis.ResultsOur findings indicated that GV‐971 significantly reduced the incidence of NMOSD, alleviated symptoms, and prolonged survival in NMOSD mouse models. The NMOSD model exhibited substantial neuroinflammation and injury, accompanied by imbalances in gut microbiota, peripheral inflammation, and metabolic disorders, suggesting a potentially vicious cycle that accelerates disease pathogenesis. Notably, GV‐971 effectively reduces neuroinflammation and injury, and restores gut microbiota composition, as well as ameliorates peripheral inflammation and metabolic disorders.ConclusionsGV‐971 attenuates the progression of NMOSD in murine models and reduces neuroinflammation and injury, likely through its effects on remodeling gut microbiota and peripheral inflammation and metabolic disorders.
Machine learning‐based prediction of clinical outcomes after traumatic brain injury: Hidden information of early physiological time series
Authors: Ding Ruifeng , Deng Mengqiu , Wei Huawei , Zhang Yixuan , Wei Liangtian , Jiang Guowei , Zhu Hongwei , Huang Xingshuai , Fu Hailong , Zhao Shuang , Yuan Hongbin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsTo assess the predictive value of early‐stage physiological time‐series (PTS) data and non‐interrogative electronic health record (EHR) signals, collected within 24 h of ICU admission, for traumatic brain injury (TBI) patient outcomes.MethodsUsing data from TBI patients in the multi‐center eICU database, we focused on in‐hospital mortality, neurological status based on the Glasgow Coma Score (mGCS) motor subscore at discharge, and prolonged ICU stay (PLOS). Three machine learning (ML) models were developed, utilizing EHR features, PTS signals collected 24 h after ICU admission, and their combination. External validation was performed using the MIMIC III dataset, and interpretability was enhanced using the Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) algorithm.ResultsThe analysis included 1085 TBI patients. Compared to individual models and existing scoring systems, the combination of EHR and PTS features demonstrated comparable or even superior performance in predicting in‐hospital mortality (AUROC = 0.878), neurological outcomes (AUROC = 0.877), and PLOS (AUROC = 0.835). The model's performance was validated in the MIMIC III dataset, and SHAP algorithms identified six key intervention points for EHR features related to prognostic outcomes. Moreover, the EHR results (All AUROC >0.8) were translated into online tools for clinical use.ConclusionOur study highlights the importance of early‐stage PTS signals in predicting TBI patient outcomes. The integration of interpretable algorithms and simplified prediction tools can support treatment decision‐making, contributing to the development of accurate prediction models and timely clinical intervention.
Symptom Distress Before and After Heart Transplantation – A Longitudinal 5‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Dalvindt Marita , Veungen Hannah Lindahl , Kisch Annika , Nozohoor Shahab , Lennerling Annette , Forsberg Anna 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionSymptom distress after heart transplantation (HTx) is a significant problem causing uncertainty, low self‐efficacy, and psychological distress. Few studies have addressed self‐reported symptoms. The aim was to explore self‐reported symptom distress from time on the waiting list to 5 years after HTx and its association with self‐reported psychological well‐being, chronic pain, and fatigue in order to identify possible predictors of psychological or transplant specific well‐being.MethodsThis multicenter, longitudinal cohort study includes 48 heart recipients (HTRs), 12 women, and 36 men, with a median age of 57 years followed from pretransplant to 5 years post‐transplant. Symptom distress was explored by means of four instruments measuring psychological general wellbeing, transplant specific wellbeing, pain, and fatigue.ResultsTransplant specific well‐being for the whole improved in a stepwise manner during the first 5 years compared to pretransplant. Heart transplant recipients with poor psychological wellbeing were significantly more burdened by symptom distress, in particular sleep problems and fatigue, for up to 5 years after HTx, and their transplant‐specific well‐being never improved compared to baseline. The prevalence of pain varied from 40% to 60% and explained a significant proportion of the variance in transplant‐specific well‐being, while psychological general well‐being was mainly predicted by overall symptom distress.ConclusionThe presence of distressing symptoms explains a significant proportion of poor psychological wellbeing both among HTRs reporting chronic pain and those without pain.
1105. Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) Rich.
Authors: Fay Michael F. , Raistrick Reinhild , Bazzicalupo Miriam , Calevo Jacopo 
Published: July 2024

SummaryAnacamptis pyramidalis (pyramidal orchid) is illustrated here. It is a widespread, mostly temperate European species (absent from northern Scotland and much of Scandinavia), extending into south‐western Asia and North Africa. A detailed description is provided, with notes on cytology, habitat and cultivation. It is collected in the eastern Mediterranean for salep production, but, given its wide distribution, this harvest is unlikely to have an impact on its global conservation status.
Effects of non‐rapid eye movement sleep on the cortical synaptic expression of GluA1‐containing AMPA receptors
Authors: Squarcio Fabio , Tononi Giulio , Cirelli Chiara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConverging electrophysiological, molecular and ultrastructural evidence supports the hypothesis that sleep promotes a net decrease in excitatory synaptic strength, counteracting the net synaptic potentiation caused by ongoing learning during waking. However, several outstanding questions about sleep‐dependent synaptic weakening remain. Here, we address some of these questions by using two established molecular markers of synaptic strength, the levels of the AMPA (alpha‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole propionic acid) receptors containing the GluA1 subunit and the phosphorylation of GluA1 at serine 845 (p‐GluA1(845)). We previously found that, in the rat cortex and hippocampus, these markers are lower after 6–8 h of sleep than after the same time spent awake. Here, we measure GluA1 and p‐GluA1(845) levels in synaptosomes of mouse cortex after 5 h of either sleep, sleep deprivation, recovery sleep after sleep deprivation or selective REM sleep deprivation (32 C57BL/B6 adult mice, 16 females). We find that relative to after sleep deprivation, these synaptic markers are lower after sleep independent of whether the mice were allowed to enter REM sleep. Moreover, 5 h of recovery sleep following acute sleep deprivation is enough to renormalize their expression. Thus, the renormalization of GluA1 and p‐GluA1(845) expression crucially relies on NREM sleep and can occur in a few hours of sleep after acute sleep deprivation.
Genetic diversity and connectivity of the invasive gastropod, Callinina georgiana (Caenogastropoda: Viviparidae) across a fragmented riverscape: A mitonuclear perspective
Authors: Abeyrathna Wijesooriya Arachchilage Nimanthi Upeksha , Davinack Andrew A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Aquatic invasive species are a significant threat to global freshwater biodiversity. This study focuses on the banded mystery snail, Callinina georgiana, an invasive species in the Adirondack region of northern New York—an important section of the New York Great Lakes Basin. This project aims to explore the genetic connectivity of C. georgiana within its invasive range using a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear markers.

Sampling was conducted in the Raquette River and adjacent waterways, with a total of 229 snails collected from 16 distinct populations distributed across eight different waterbodies. Also included were two populations from the species' native range in the southern U.S.A. DNA was extracted, and a 710‐bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA marker cytochrome c oxidase 1 and a 351‐bp fragment of nuclear marker histone‐3 were amplified. Population genetic analyses including haplotype patterning, AMOVA and genetic diversity estimates, neutrality tests and tests for isolation by distance were performed to assess connectivity patterns.

Results showed moderate to high levels of genetic admixture within the snail's invasive range as indicated by the lack of geographic patterning of haplotypes and low to moderate levels of genetic differentiation across multiple sites. Demographic analyses combined with high numbers of private haplotypes indicate historic population expansion. Interestingly, a case of mitonuclear discordance was detected for native and invasive populations as evident by incongruent haplotype patterns for the cytochrome c oxidase 1 and histone‐3 markers.

Callinina georgiana exhibits a high level of genetic connectivity in its invasive range. The presence of dams does not significantly affect apparent gene flow, indicating that anthropogenic activities, such as boat traffic might be key in dispersing the snails across this fragmented freshwater system.

This study offers new insights into the dispersal and genetic structure of an invasive freshwater snail. It highlights the importance of considering anthropogenic factors when confronting complex patterns of genetic diversity. The findings are significant for biodiversity conservation and provide a basis for developing strategies to manage and contain the spread of aquatic invasive species such as C. georgiana, especially in regions with high human activity.
Zooplankton community heterogeneity and trophic interactions in response to environmental drivers in a mesotidal estuary on the Brazilian equatorial margin—Lençóis Maranhenses National Park
Authors: Santos Taiza Pimentel , Cutrim Marco Valério Jansen , da Cruz Quedyane Silva , Cavalcanti‐Lima Lisana Furtado , dos Santos Sá Ana Karoline Duarte , de Azevedo‐Cutrim Andrea Christina Gomes 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study emphasises the importance of environmental filters in the dynamics of the zooplankton community and the ecological relationships with phytoplankton in three zones of a tropical mesotidal estuary.

Thus, sampling was carried out in six different locations strategically positioned along the Preguiças River estuary, with the following objectives: to characterise the abundance of zooplankton and, through this, determine changes in the community's α‐ and β‐diversity indices depending on variables environmental; to define environmental filters that affect the indicator species of ecosystem zones; and to identify the interaction between phytoplankton and zooplankton along the estuarine gradient.

The zooplankton community contained 80 species, including 14 phyla, with Arthropoda being the most diverse, followed by Ciliophora and Mollusca. The class Copepoda stood out, with Paracalanus crassirostris, Pseudodiaptomus gracilis, and Oithona nana dominating the community. In total, 21 species were selected as indicators, including Temora turbinata in the coastal zone, Rhizodomus tagatzi in the mixing zone, and Moina micrura in the tidal river zone. The environmental heterogeneity showed significant spatial differences, with variations governed mainly by salinity, temperature, and suspended organic matter, which acted as the principal environmental filters. The coastal zone and mixing zone species demonstrated direct ecological relationships with the blooms of the diatoms Skeletonema costatum and Asterionellopsis glacialis, in which the abundance of zooplankton was favoured by their occurrence, denoting top‐down control of the trophic network. For the partitioning of β diversity, the turnover component was responsible for the diversity value due to environmental heterogeneity, which distinguished communities across zones.

Our findings represent the first comprehensive investigation into the relationship between environmental heterogeneity and zooplankton within this tropical ecosystem, subject to mesotides. These discoveries are pivotal in identifying environments highly susceptible to degradation (low β diversity) and those acting as dispersal centres (high β diversity), thereby facilitating targeted conservation efforts and more efficient management of estuarine systems. Therefore, our results provide a crucial basis for the sustainable management of similar coastal ecosystems in different parts of the world.
Chemical stability and leaching mechanism of YIG and HEG at different pH conditions
Authors: Zhang Shengtai , Teng Zhen , Wu Linzhen , Tan Yongqiang , Chen Chen , Zhou Xiaosong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDesigning waste forms using the cocktail effect of high‐entropy ceramics can improve the efficiency of ceramic waste forms. In this work, traditional garnet (Y1.2Nd1.8Fe5O12, YIG) and high‐entropy (HE) garnet (Y0.6Gd0.6Sm0.6Eu0.6Dy0.6Fe5O12, HEG) are synthesized through ignition and plasma sintering to form dense ceramic waste forms. The chemical stability of YIG and HEG was studied by using static leaching tests at pH = 3, 5, 7, 9, 11. The results indicate that acidic environments can increase the leaching rate of ceramics. Leaching behavior leads to a decrease in lattice volume, but the elements remain uniformly distributed. The leaching mechanism indicates that YIG and HEG are controlled by dissolution and surface effect in the early stage (1–7 days) of leaching. The leaching mechanism in the later stage (14–42 days) is characterized by diffusion control. The diffusion coefficient of long‐term leaching indicates that HEG is more suitable as the immobilization substrate for high‐level radioactive waste (HLW) than YIG.
Exploring novel double perovskite SrEuTiFeO6: Synthesis, microstructural, optical, and dielectric properties
Authors: Boudad L. , Taibi M. , El Boukili A. , Belayachi A. , Abd‐lefdil M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe novel double perovskite oxide SrEuTiFeO6 was synthesized using the solid‐state reaction method. X‐ray diffraction analysis, complemented by Rietveld refinement, confirmed that this material crystallizes in a cubic double perovskite structure with the Pm3̅m space group and revealed cationic disorder at both the A (Sr, Eu) and B (Ti, Fe) sites. Crystallite size and lattice strain were determined through various methods. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy was utilized to examine vibrational modes and bond distortions within this material. Scanning electron microscopy showed a heterogeneous microstructure, with a wide distribution of grain sizes and shapes, resulting from the kinetics of the solid‐state synthesis. Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy confirmed the material's homogeneity, stoichiometry, and chemical composition. UV–visible spectroscopy was used to investigate the optical properties of SrEuTiFeO6, identifying several characteristic optical transitions. The band gap energy and refractive index were found to be 2.08 eV and 2.60, respectively, indicating the material's potential for various applications. Additionally, the dielectric properties, including the relative dielectric constant and loss tangent, were thoroughly analyzed as functions of frequency and temperature. The electrical conductivity dispersion phenomenon was also analyzed according to Jonscher's power law, revealing the predominance of overlapping the large polaron tunneling mechanism.
Testing molecular date estimates using an ecological and vicariant case study in treefrogs: The Geological‐Ecological Molecular Calibration
Authors: Jowers Michael J. , Pajares Jesús Muñoz , Weber John , Arkle Jeanette , Arenas‐Castro Salvador , Ho Simon Y. W. , Rivas Gilson A. , Murphy John C. , Borzée Amaël , Pyron R. Alexander , Perez‐Losada Marcos , De Freitas Mayke , Downie J. Roger , Moreno‐Rueda Gregorio , Forcina Giovanni , Sánchez‐Ramírez Santiago 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo date a vicariant event through the mutualistic relationship of a hylid frog and its bromeliad host found across two isolated mountain ranges as part of an island–continental split and to use this information to calibrate a molecular dating analysis of hylids.LocationSouth America.Time PeriodPliocene.Major Taxa StudiedTreefrogs, Arboranae.MethodsPliocene tectonic movements sank a portion of a mountain range that connected present‐day Trinidad (island) and northern Venezuela, eventually isolating populations of the golden tree frog Phytotriades auratus and its host bromeliad Glomeropitcairnia erectiflora on both sides of a saltwater barrier. We estimated the submersion rate timing of the vicariant event, then employed ecological niche modelling to establish the distribution of the frog and its host to the Pliocene. We generated nucleotide sequence data for the hylid on each side of the marine barrier and proposed a biogeographic calibration for the split between populations. Using Bayesian phylogenetic analysis, we evaluated the impact of incorporating this biogeographic calibration on estimates of treefrog divergence times.ResultsA relatively continuous, high‐elevation mountain range existed before the Pliocene and the opening of the Gulf of Paria (4.45 ± 0.85 Ma). Phytotriades auratus and G. erectiflora would have been distributed across the Paria and Northern Range mountains as a single population since the Pliocene. Divergence times among treefrogs (Arboranae) were older than those inferred using fossil calibrations alone, with mean age estimates for subfamilies and genera being ~2 and ~1.2 million years older, respectively.Main ConclusionsOur study presents a biogeographic calibration based on a vicariant model that connects the evolution of the populations of a hylid through geology and ecological data. The implementation of this date as a molecular clock calibration reduces the uncertainty in date estimates for the shallower nodes in the phylogeny of Arboranae.
Deciphering the role of cuproptosis‐related lncRNAs in shaping the lung cancer immune microenvironment: A comprehensive prognostic model
Authors: Huang Hai , Chen Guoxi , Zhang Zongqi , Wu Gang , Zhang Zhengbin , Yu Aiping , Wang Jianjie , Quan Chao , Li Yuehua , Zhou Meilan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCuproptosis plays an important role in cancer, but its role in lung cancer remains unknown. Transcriptional profiles, clinical details and mutation data were acquired from the Cancer Genome Atlas database through a variety of methods. The analysis of this publicly available data was comprehensively performed using R software along with its relevant packages, ensuring a thorough examination of the information. In this study, we conducted a detailed analysis of cuproptosis‐related genes and lncRNA co‐expression, identifying 129 relevant lncRNAs and establishing a prognostic model with four key lncRNAs (LINC00996, RPARP‐AS1, SND1‐IT1, TMPO‐AS1). Utilizing data from TCGA and GEO databases, the model effectively categorized patients into high‐ and low‐risk groups, showing significant survival differences. Correlation analysis highlighted specific relationships between individual lncRNAs and cuproptosis genes. Our survival analysis indicated a higher survival rate in the low‐risk group across various cohorts. Additionally, the model's predictive accuracy was confirmed through independent prognostic analysis and ROC curve evaluations. Functional enrichment analysis revealed distinct biological pathways and immune functions between risk groups. Tumour mutation load analysis differentiated high‐ and low‐risk groups by their mutation profiles. Drug sensitivity analysis and immune infiltration studies using the CIBERSORT algorithm further elucidated the potential treatment responses in different risk groups. This comprehensive evaluation underscores the significance of lncRNAs in cuproptosis and their potential as biomarkers for lung cancer prognosis and immune microenvironment.
Simulation and analysis of movement trajectories of fresh tea leaf particles based on CFD‐EDEM coupling
Authors: Zhang Xu , Zhu Xinyu , Yu Kai , Wan Jiaxin , Chen Chuanyang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTo study the air‐suction separation mechanism of fresh tea leaves, this article adopts the coupling simulation method of discrete elements and computational fluid dynamics to conduct numerical simulation and experimental research on the movement of fresh tea leaves adsorbed by negative pressure air flow. In the gas–solid coupling model, three‐dimensional scanning technology is applied to establish a three‐dimensional model of fresh tea leaves with one bud and two leaves. Through the Fluent module in CFD, the negative pressure adsorption gas phase of the simulation process was established, bench tests were established, and parameters of the coupling model were optimized. Finally, the minimum error between the simulated value and the test value was 2.85% and the maximum error was 7.43%, indicating that the coupling model established had certain accuracy and could be theoretically analyzed according to the coupling model established. It is found that when the static pressure values of the adsorption surface are −120 Pa, −340 Pa, and −500 Pa respectively, the initial distance from the adsorption surface is 250–550 mm. It is found that fresh tea leaves with one bud and two leaves all fall to the pipe before adsorption, and then move to the adsorption surface. Under the same static pressure value of the adsorption surface, the initial falling distance of tea particles from the adsorption surface (250–550 mm) has a linear function relationship with the distance between the turning point and the adsorption surface. When the initial distance between falling tea particles and the adsorption surface is the same, the distance between the turning point and the adsorption surface is an exponential function when the initial position is 250–350 mm from the adsorption surface, and the distance between the turning point and the adsorption surface is a linear function when the initial position is 400–550 mm from the adsorption surface.