bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silicon nanocrystals: Novel synthesis routes for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Perraud Simon , Quesnel Etienne , Parola Stéphanie , Barbé Jérémy , Muffato Viviane , Faucherand Pascal , Morin Christine , Jarolimek Karol , Van Swaaij René A. C. M. M. , Zeman Miro , Richards Stephen , Kingsley Andrew , Doyle Hugh , Linehan Keith , O'Brien Shane , Povey Ian M. , Pemble Martyn E. , Xie Ling , Leifer Klaus , Makasheva Kremena , Despax Bernard 
Published: October 2012

AbstractNovel processes were developed for fabricating silicon nanocrystals and nanocomposite materials which could be used as absorbers in third generation photovoltaic devices. A conventional high‐temperature annealing technique was studied as a reference process, with some new insights in crystallisation mechanisms. Innovative methods for silicon nanocrystal synthesis at much lower temperature were demonstrated, namely chemical vapour deposition (CVD), physical vapour deposition (PVD) and aerosol‐assisted CVD. Besides the advantage of low substrate temperature, these new techniques allow to fabricate silicon nanocrystals embedded in wide bandgap semiconductor host matrices, with a high density and a narrow size dispersion.
Structural and optical properties of phase‐change amorphous and crystalline Ge1 − xTex (0 < x < 1) thin films
Authors: Park Jun‐Woo , Song Misun , Yoon Seokhyun , Lim Hyungkwang , Jeong Doo Seok , Cheong Byung‐ki , Lee Hosun 
Published: October 2012

AbstractGe1 − xTex thin films were grown using thermal coevaporation deposition. The dielectric functions and the phonon modes of amorphous (a‐) and crystalline (c‐) Ge1 − xTex films were measured using spectroscopic ellipsometry and Raman spectroscopy in order to investigate electronic and vibrational properties of these alloys. Using the second derivative spectra of the dielectric functions of a‐Ge1 − xTex alloys and the standard critical point (SCP) model, we obtained optical transition energies for the a‐Ge1 − xTex alloys. The optical transition energies were not only consistent with the density of states (DOS) reported in the literature, but also provided more detailed structures for the joint density of states (JDOS) of a‐Ge1 − xTex. magnified imageThe second derivative spectra of d2ε(E)/dE2 for amorphous GeTe. The transition energies were estimated using SCP model (short arrows) and were compared to those of photoemission spectroscopy from literature (long arrows).
Solvation of graphite oxide in water–methanol binary polar solvents
Authors: You Shujie , Yu Junchun , Sundqvist Bertil , Talyzin Alexandr V. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe phase transition between two solvated phases was studied by DSC for graphite oxide (GO) powders immersed in water–methanol mixtures of various compositions. GO forms solid solvates with two different compositions when immersed in methanol. Reversible phase transition between two solvate states due to insertion/desertion of methanol monolayer occurs upon temperature variations. The temperature point and the enthalpy (ΔH) of the phase transition are maximal for pure methanol and decrease linearly with increase of water fraction up to 30%.
Calculations of dynamic dipole polarizabilities of Li and Na atoms in debye plasma using the model potential technique
Authors: Li Hua‐Wei , Kar Sabyasachi , Jiang Pinghui 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe effects of Debye plasma on the frequency‐dependent polarizabilities of Li and Na atoms are investigated using symplectic algorithm within the framework of the pseudostate summation technique. Dynamic dipole polarizabilities of Li (2s 2S) and Na(3s 2S) as functions of scaled number density of the plasma electrons for arbitrary plasma temperature are presented. Screening effects on the resonance frequencies are also presented. In free‐atomic cases, our calculated results are comparable with the reported theoretical and experimental predictions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A holistic approach to model‐based testing of Web service compositions
Authors: Belli Fevzi , Endo Andre Takeshi , Linschulte Michael , Simao Adenilso 
Published: October 2012

SUMMARYThe behavior of composed Web services depends on the results of the invoked services; unexpected behavior of one of the invoked services can threat the correct execution of an entire composition. This paper proposes an event‐based approach to black‐box testing of Web service compositions based on event sequence graphs, which are extended by facilities to deal not only with service behavior under regular circumstances (i.e., where cooperating services are working as expected) but also with their behavior in undesirable situations (i.e., where cooperating services are not working as expected). Furthermore, the approach can be used independently of artifacts (e.g., Business Process Execution Language) or type of composition (orchestration/choreography). A large case study, based on a commercial Web application, demonstrates the feasibility of the approach and analyzes its characteristics. Test generation and execution are supported by dedicated tools. Especially, the use of an enterprise service bus for test execution is noteworthy and differs from other approaches. The results of the case study encourage to suggest that the new approach has the power to detect faults systematically, performing properly even with complex and large compositions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TNF-α Has Tropic Rather than Apoptotic Activity in Human Hematopoietic Progenitors: Involvement of TNF Receptor-1 and Caspase-8
Authors: Mizrahi Keren , Stein Jerry , Yaniv Isaac , Kaplan Offer , Askenasy Nadir 
Published: October 2012

AbstractTumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) has been suggested to exert detrimental effects on hematopoietic progenitor function that might limit the success of transplants. In this study, we assessed the influences of TNF-α and its two cognate receptors on the function of fresh umbilical cord blood (UCB) and cryopreserved mobilized peripheral blood (mPB). CD34+ progenitors from both sources are less susceptible to spontaneous apoptosis than lineage-committed cells and are not induced into apoptosis by TNF-α. Consequently, the activity of UCB-derived severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) reconstituting cells and long-term culture-initiating cells is unaffected by this cytokine. On the contrary, transient exposure of cells from both sources to TNF-α stimulates the activity of myeloid progenitors, which persists in vivo in UCB cell transplants. Progenitor stimulation is selectively mediated by TNF-R1 and involves activation of caspase-8, without redundant activity of TNF-R2. Despite significant differences between fresh UCB cells and cryopreserved mPB cells in susceptibility to apoptosis and time to activation, TNF-α is primarily involved in tropic signaling in hematopoietic progenitors from both sources. Cytokine-mediated tropism cautions against TNF-α neutralization under conditions of stress hematopoiesis and may be particularly beneficial in overcoming the limitations of UCB cell transplants.
RAPS: a precision‐adaptive protocol towards improved data fidelity in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Deng Hanlin , Zhang Baoxian , Jiao Zhenzhen , Li Cheng 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTAchieving high data quality and efficient network resource utilization is two major design objectives of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, these two objectives are often conflictive. By allowing sensors to report sampled data at high rates, fine‐grained data quality can be obtained. However, the limited resources of a WSN make it difficult to support very high traffic rate. Therefore, the capability of adaptively adjusting sensor nodes' traffic‐generating rates on the basis of the availability of network resources and application requirements is critical. This issue has attracted much attention recently, and some work has been carried out.To achieve high data quality and improved utilization of network resources, in this paper, we propose rate‐based adaptive precision setting (RAPS) protocol, which works in a way that each sensor can adaptively adjust its traffic‐generating rate on the basis of the current network resources availability and application requirements. RAPS introduces the following two key factors into its design: application's precision requirement and packet arrival rate. Analytical and simulation results show that RAPS can achieve improved data quality while reducing packet delivery latency. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New phenotypes generated by the G57R mutation of BUD23 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Lin Jyun‐Liang , Yu Hui‐Chia , Chao Ju‐Lan , Wang Chung , Cheng Ming‐Yuan 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBUD23 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes for a class I methyltransferase, and deletion of the gene results in slow growth and random budding phenotypes. Herein, two BUD23 mutants defective in methyltransferase activity were generated to investigate whether the phenotypes of the null mutant might be correlated with a loss in enzymatic activity. Expression at the physiological level of both D77A and G57R mutants was able to rescue the phenotypes of the bud23‐null mutant. The result implied that the methyltransferase activity of the protein was not necessary for supporting normal growth and bud site selection of the cells. High‐level expression of Bud23 (G57R), but not Bud23 or Bud23 (D77A), in BUD23 deletion cells failed to complement these phenotypes. However, just like Bud23, Bud23 (G57R) was localized in a DAPI‐poor region in the nucleus. Distinct behaviour in Bud23 (G57R) could not be originated from a mislocalization of the protein. Over‐expression of Bud23 (G57R) in null cells also produced changes in actin organization and additional septin mutant‐like phenotypes. Therefore, the absence of Bud23, Bud23 (G57R) at a high level might affect the cell division of yeast cells through an as yet unidentified mechanism. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytofluorometric detection of wine lactic acid bacteria: application of malolactic fermentation to the monitoring
Authors: Salma Mohammad , Rousseaux Sandrine , Sequeira-Le Grand Anabelle , Alexandre Hervé 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn this study we report for the first time a rapid, efficient and cost-effective method for the enumeration of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in wine. Indeed, up to now, detection of LAB in wine, especially red wine, was not possible. Wines contain debris that cannot be separated from bacteria using flow cytometry (FCM). Furthermore, the dyes tested in previous reports did not allow an efficient staining of bacteria. Using FCM and a combination of BOX/PI dyes, we were able to count bacteria in wines. The study was performed in wine inoculated with Oenococcus oeni (106 CFU ml−1) stained with either FDA or BOX/PI and analyzed by FCM during the malolactic fermentation (MLF). The analysis show a strong correlation between the numbers of BOX/PI-stained cells determined by FCM and the cell numbers determined by plate counts (red wine: R2 ≥ 0.97, white wine R2 ≥ 0.965). On the other hand, we found that the enumeration of O. oeni labeled with FDA was only possible in white wine (R2 ≥ 0.97). Viable yeast and LAB populations can be rapidly discriminated and quantified in simultaneous malolactic-alcoholic wine fermentations using BOX/PI and scatter parameters in a one single measurement. This rapid procedure is therefore a suitable method for monitoring O. oeni populations during winemaking, offers a detection limit of &lt;104 CFU ml−1 and can be considered a useful method for investigating the dynamics of microbial growth in wine and applied for microbiological quality control in wineries.
Aberrant expression of collapsin response mediator proteins‐1, ‐2 and ‐5 in the brain of intrauterine growth restricted rats
Authors: Aravidou Eftychia , Tsangaris George , Samara Athina , Dontas Ismene , Botsis Dimitrios , Aravidis Christos , Chrousos George P. , Malamitsi‐Puchner Ariadne 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has been associated with increased perinatal morbidity, higher incidence of neurodevelopmental defects and increased risk for adult metabolic syndrome manifestations. Altered protein expression profiles associated with IUGR may be informative on the pathological mechanisms of this condition and might reveal potential markers for postnatal complications. We hypothesized that nutrient manipulation of the pregnant rat might influence the expression of important neurodevelopmental proteins in the resultant IUGR offspring. Therefore, we aimed to determine in newborn rat brain tissue the expression of collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs)‐1, ‐2 and ‐5, commonly referred to as dihydropyrimidinase‐related proteins (DPYLs) – playing a role in axon guidance, invasive growth and cell migration – and compare it to the corresponding expression in control rats. Two‐dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, as well as Western blot analysis were employed in brain tissue from 24 IUGR newborn rats and 24 controls. With both methods, CRMP‐1, CRMP‐2 and CRMP‐5 were decreased in the brains of the IUGR group as compared to the control group at the time of delivery. In conclusion, IUGR rat offspring are born with a decreased expression of CRMPs, suggesting that these proteins may be implicated in fetal stress‐induced programming.
Long‐term results of prolapse recurrence and functional outcome after vaginal hysterectomy
Authors: Prodigalidad Lisa T. , Peled Yoav , Stanton Stuart L. , Krissi Haim 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence of prolapse and prolapse‐related symptoms following vaginal hysterectomy.MethodsData were reviewed from women who underwent vaginal hysterectomy between 1988, and 1995, at St George's Hospital, London, UK, and attended long‐term follow‐up. Outcome measures included a questionnaire for prolapse, urinary, bowel, and sexual symptoms; and a vaginal examination.ResultsAmong 94 women attending long‐term evaluation, the mean follow‐up time was 100.7 months (range 67.0–156.0 months). Before vaginal hysterectomy, urgency was noted among 23 (24.5%), urge incontinence among 11 (11.7%), and stress incontinence among 8 (8.5%) women. At follow‐up, these symptoms were observed among 23 (24.5%), 13 (13.8%), and 6 (6.4%) women, respectively. De novo urge incontinence and de novo stress incontinence were observed among 3 (3.2%) and 2 (2.1%) women, respectively. Vaginal examination data were compared for 70 women, of whom 18 (25.7%) had grade 1, 40 (57.1%) had grade 2, and 6 (8.6%) had grade 3 uterine prolapsed before surgery. Postoperatively, vaginal vault prolapse occurred in 7 (10.0%) women and correlated with degree of posterior prolapse (P = 0.007), but not with severity of uterine descent (P = 0.205) or previous prolapse surgery (P = 0.573).ConclusionThe incidence of post‐hysterectomy vault prolapse correlated with the degree of preoperative rectocele.
An examination of the relation between asymmetric risk measures, prior returns and expected daily stock returns
Authors: Huffman Stephen P. , Moll Cliff R. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe use a sample of individual firm stock returns over the 1988–2009 time period to determine whether: (1) expected daily returns are related to asymmetric risk measures, (2) expected daily returns are related to the directional change of the prior day's price, and (3) our results are robust to the addition of firm size, book‐to‐market equity and liquidity. We find that investors are compensated for asymmetric risk; however, the positive risk–return relation is present only for our smallest firm quintile. We find a short‐term return reversal present in all subgroups, except for the largest firms in our sample. We also document that the low volatility anomaly may be related to firm size and liquidity.
Composite International Diagnostic Interview screening scales for DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders
Authors: Kessler R. C. , Calabrese J. R. , Farley P. A. , Gruber M. J. , Jewell M. A. , Katon W. , Keck P. E. , Nierenberg A. A. , Sampson N. A. , Shear M. K. , Shillington A. C. , Stein M. B. , Thase M. E. , Wittchen H.-U. 
Published: October 2012

BackgroundLack of coordination between screening studies for common mental disorders in primary care and community epidemiological samples impedes progress in clinical epidemiology. Short screening scales based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), the diagnostic interview used in community epidemiological surveys throughout the world, were developed to address this problem.MethodExpert reviews and cognitive interviews generated CIDI screening scale (CIDI-SC) item pools for 30-day DSM-IV-TR major depressive episode (MDE), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD) and bipolar disorder (BPD). These items were administered to 3058 unselected patients in 29 US primary care offices. Blinded SCID clinical reinterviews were administered to 206 of these patients, oversampling screened positives.ResultsStepwise regression selected optimal screening items to predict clinical diagnoses. Excellent concordance [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)] was found between continuous CIDI-SC and DSM-IV/SCID diagnoses of 30-day MDE (0.93), GAD (0.88), PD (0.90) and BPD (0.97), with only 9–38 questions needed to administer all scales. CIDI-SCversusSCID prevalence differences are insignificant at the optimal CIDI-SC diagnostic thresholds (χ21 = 0.0–2.9,p = 0.09–0.94). Individual-level diagnostic concordance at these thresholds is substantial (AUC 0.81–0.86, sensitivity 68.0–80.2%, specificity 90.1–98.8%). Likelihood ratio positive (LR+) exceeds 10 and LR− is 0.1 or less at informative thresholds for all diagnoses.ConclusionsCIDI-SC operating characteristics are equivalent (MDE, GAD) or superior (PD, BPD) to those of the best alternative screening scales. CIDI-SC results can be compared directly to general population CIDI survey results or used to target and streamline second-stage CIDIs.
THE DRAMA OF HARRISON BIRTWISTLE'S ‘THE TRIUMPH OF TIME’
Authors: Glover Martin Kier 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAlthough The Triumph of Time is one of Birtwistle's most celebrated early pieces very little has been written about it to date. Probably the most comprehensive analytical review appeared in Michael Hall's 1984 biography Harrison Birtwistle. This was largely valuable for presenting, in the context of a well-informed account of the composer's early output, particular aspects of Birtwistle's intention. Others have added little, while some remarks made by the composer in various interviews have seemed so strangely contradictory that they can only be evaluated by an independent idea of how the structure works from the evidence of the score itself. The method of approach becomes a major aspect of the discussion and analysis presented. In considering the dramatic superstructure, the way detail fits into this, and the relationship with the eponymous Bruegel etching, the aim of the current article has been to consider the work ‘on its own terms’ as far as possible.
Alfredo Casella and the rhetoric of colonialism
Authors: Basini Laura 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWhile the political impact of Italy's 1936 Ethiopian invasion has long been recognized, its cultural history has only recently come under scrutiny. This paper investigates one musical legacy of Mussolini's colonial project by means of a case study of Alfredo Casella'sIl deserto tentato(The Attempted Desert, 1937). Performed on the first anniversary of the Empire's founding and dedicated to ‘Mussolini, fondatore dell'Impero’, the work depicts the arrival of a group of Italian airmen in Ethiopia and their welcome by the indigenous peoples. I set the text against contemporary propaganda such as speeches, visual imagery and popular song, exploring tropes central to fascist imperialist rhetoric: virility, civiltà and aeronautical prowess. The opera's integration of historical musical references into a modern musical setting not only represents the theme of endowing the Ethiopian people with a history, in this case embodied by the Italian musical past, but also exemplifies a contemporary desire to make the past present in everyday fascist life. The historiography of Casella's work, what is more, characterized by the same ‘missing debate’ as the broader discussion of Italian colonialism, raises questions about the effects of Italy's ‘memory wars’ on accounts of twentieth-century Italian music history.
Remaking reality: Echoes, noise and modernist realism in Luigi Nono'sIntolleranza 1960
Authors: Boyd Harriet 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAfter the premiere of Luigi Nono'sIntolleranza 1960at Venice's Teatro La Fenice in 1961, the critical press began a series of debates and redefinitions in response to what struck them most: how noisy the opera was. Although they agreed that Nono's work was unlikely to be popular with a broad public, many immediately recognized thatIntolleranzacould serve to recall the horrors of Fascism and the sounds of war – to offer, in other words, a warning call that history must not repeat itself. In a debate in the Communist newspaperL'Unità, the sonic hubbub was interpreted as a new kind of realism, formed in order to use memories of the Fascist regime as an allegory of contemporary oppression. The potency of the opera's noise was seen as in part due to Nono's incorporation of the auditory experiences of cinema and television, thus providing an insight into how traditionally elite genres such as theatre and opera could respond to the emergence and increasing hegemony of new mass entertainments. This article seeks to placeIntolleranzawithin these fraught and conflicting discourses on mid-twentieth-century Italian modernity, and show that postwar reconstruction was as much about a concern for the past as it was with a coming to terms with the present.
Identifying Cisco Refuge Lakes in Minnesota under Future Climate Scenarios
Authors: Fang Xing , Jiang Liping , Jacobson Peter C. , Stefan Heinz G. , Alam Shoeb R. , Pereira Donald L. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe cisco Coregonus artedi is the most common coldwater stenothermal fish in Minnesota lakes. To project its chances of survival under future warmer climate conditions, an oxythermal habitat variable, i.e., the water temperature at 3 mg/L of dissolved oxygen in stratified lakes (TDO3) was calculated from simulated daily temperature and DO profiles in 30 lake types under past (1962–2008) climate conditions and two future climate scenarios. The mean daily TDO3 values over a 31‐d fixed benchmark period were calculated for each of the simulated years and then averaged over the simulation period for each lake type. The multiyear average TDO3 was used to identify cisco refuge lakes in Minnesota. Six hundred twenty known cisco lakes in Minnesota were divided into three groups, tier 1 refuge lakes having the most suitable habitat for ciscoes, tier 2 refuge lakes having suitable habitat for ciscoes, and tier 3 or nonrefuge lakes supporting ciscoes only at a reduced probability of occurrence. The multiyear average TDO3s for tier 1, 2, and 3 lakes were ≤11°C, 11–17°C, and >17°C, respectively. Projected increases in the multiyear average TDO3 under the two future climate scenarios averaged 2.6°C to 2.9°C. About one‐third of the 620 lakes that are known to have cisco populations were projected to maintain viable cisco habitat under the two future climate scenarios. These lakes have a Secchi depth greater than 2.3 m (mesotrophic and oligotrophic lakes) and are seasonally stratified.