bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mikrowellenspektrum, interne Rotation, Struktur und Dipolmoment von Methylchloroform
Authors: Holm R. , Mitzlaff M. , Hartmann H. 
Published: March 2015

The microwave spectrum of several symmetric and asymmetric top isotopic species of CH3CCl3 has been studied in the region from 8 to 40 GHz. A least squares analysis of the rotational con-stants gave the following structural parameters :
dC-C =(1.541 ±0.001) A, dC-Cl = (1,7712 ± 0.0008) A, dC-H = (1.090 ± 0.002) A, ∢H—C—H= (110.04±0.25) ° , ∢Cl—C—Cl= (109.39 ±0.25) ° .
A dipole moment of μ = (1.755 ± 0.015) D has been derived from the investigation of the Stark effect of the transition J=4→5 of CH3CCl3
3
35. From intensity measurements the barrier to internal rotation is estimated to be (1740 ± 300) cal/mol. An analysis of the spectrum of CH2DCCl2Cl37 shows conclusively that methylchloroform in its equilibrium configuration has the methyl group staggered with respect to the CCl3-group. It could be shown that there exist two torsional isomers gauche and anti with specific microwave spectra.
Röntgenographische Untersuchungen an aufgedampften Nickelfilmen
Authors: Wedler G. , Wissmann P. 
Published: March 2015

Nickelfilme im Schichtdickenbereich von 100 bis 4000 Å werden unter Ultrahochvakuumbedingungen bei 77°K auf Tempaxglasträger aufgedampft, bei 210°C getempert und anschließend an der Atmosphäre bei 20°C röntgenographisch untersucht.
Eine Auswertung bezüglich der Reflexbreiten sowie der Winkellage der Reflexmaxima zeigt, daß die Filme keine merklichen Stapelfehler enthalten. Die {111}-orientierten Kristallite sind stets größer als die {200}- und die {311}-orientierten. Die mittlere Größe der {111}-orientierten Kristallite entspricht dabei etwa der Schichtdicke. Die für die Filme gemessenen Gitterkonstanten sind gegenüber denen des kompakten Materials erniedrigt. Dieser Effekt beruht auf einer Kontraktion des Gitters in der Richtung senkrecht zur Filmebene unter dem Einfluß der unterschiedlichen thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten von Film und Unterlage. Das Ausmaß der Gitterkontraktion hängt von der Schichtdicke ab.
Effect of substitution on the stabilities of copper chelates of Hydroxytriazenes
Authors: Purohit D. N. , Sogani N. C. 
Published: March 2015

The effect of substituting -Cl, -Br, -CH3 , -NHCOCH3, -COOH, -COCH3, -OCH3, and -SO3
⊖ groups on the molecule of 3-hydroxy-1.3-diphenyltriazene upon the stabilities of copper chelates of substituted hydroxytriazenes has been discussed.
An attempt has been made to correlate the pKa values of ligands with the first step and overall stability constants of copper chelates formed by them.
Kreuzreaktionen von Antiseren gegen heterologe terminale Aminosäuresequenzen und zwei Stämmen des Tabakmosaikvirus
Authors: Anderer F. Alfred , Schlumberger Horst-Dieter 
Published: March 2015

Artifical antigens with the peptides Pro-Ala-SerOH, Ala-Pro-Ala-ThrOH and Ser-Ala-Pro-Ala-ThrOH were prepared. The cross-reactivity and the neutralizing capacity of the corresponding antisera were tested with TMV-strain Vulgare and strain Dahlemense.
Antisera against homologous terminal sequences show the same neutralizing capacity for the virus as antisera against the intact virus. Structural changes of 1 — 2 Å units in the terminal residues of the haptenic groups of the artificial antigens diminish the neutralizing capacity of the corresponding antisera for the virus. Structural changes in non-terminal residues (the fourth position from the end) do not significantly diminish the neutralizing capacity of the corresponding antisera when tested with TMV-strain Vulgare and strain Dahlemense.
Zur Rolle des Substrats bei der Cortison-Induktion von Enzymen in der Leber
Authors: Kröger H. , Kotulla W. , Hoshino J. 
Published: March 2015

Studiert wurde das Zusammenspiel zwischen Cortisonacetat und Substrat bei der Induktion der Tyrosin-α-Ketoglutarat-Transaminase und der Tryptophan-Pyrrolase.
1. Nach intraperitonealer Injektion von 600 mg/kg ʟ-Tyrosin kann die Tyrosin-α-Ketoglutarat Transaminase noch 13 Stdn. später durch 2,5 mg/kg Cortisonacetat induziert werden. Dieses tritt nicht ein bei Applikation von 300 mg/kg L-Tyrosin.
2. Die Tryptophan-Pyrrolase läßt sich nach Gabe von ʟ-Tryptophan im Falle von 500 mg/kg über einen Zeitraum von 3 Stdn., im Falle von 250 mg/kg etwa 1 Stde. induzieren.
3. Es besteht eine deutliche Parallelität zwischen Induzierbarkeit der Enzyme und Gehalt an freiem Tyrosin bzw. Tryptophan in der Leber.
Über Nitrosyl-Metall-Komplexe
Authors: Brunner Henri 
Published: March 2015

Bei der Einwirkung von Jod auf [ (C6H5) 3P]2Ni (NO) J entsteht unter Abspaltung von (C6H5)3PJ2 in quantitativer Ausbeute die halogenverbrückte Verbindung (C6H5)3P (NO) NiJ2Ni (NO) P (C6H5) 3. Setzt man diesen zweikernigen Triphenyl-phosphin-Komplex mit Tri-n-butyl-phosphin um, so werden die Halogenbrücken aufgespalten. Das gebildete (C4H9) 3P [ (C6H5) 3P] Ni (NO) J mit 4 verschiedenen Liganden um das Zentralatom ist jedoch nicht stabil und zerfällt zu einem Gemisch von [ (C6H5)3P] 2Ni (NO) J und [ (C4H9)3P] 2Ni (NO) J.
Die doppelte Umsetzung von [ (C6H5) 3P] 2Ni (NO) J mit BaCS3 ergibt einen durch das CS3
2⊖-Anion verbrückten Zweikernkomplex der Zusammensetzung [ (C6H5) 3P] 2(NO) NiCS3Ni (NO) P (C6H5) 3, in dem der Thiocarbonyl-Schwefel ein Molekül P (C6H5) 3 von einem der beiden Nickelatome verdrängt hat.
Der Einfluß von Benzol und Methylcholanthren auf die Kollagensynthese und -reifung im Granulationsgewebe
Authors: Seilern-Aspang F. , Mazzucco K. , Christian I. 
Published: March 2015

Im Granulationsgewebe wird die Synthese sowie die Vernetzung des Kollagens durch Benzol gebremst.
Methylcholanthren hebt diese Wirkung teilweise wieder auf.
Der in früheren Arbeiten nachgewiesene kollagenolytische Effekt von Methylcholanthren auf die Dermis findet sich beim Granulationsgewebe nicht.
Notizen: The Synthesis of a New Fused Thiazolo [4,3-c] -1,2,4-triazole System and its Derivatives
Authors: Kassab Nazmi Abd Elatif , Allah Sanaa Osman Abd , Reheem Ead Hamed Abdel 
Published: March 2015

Cyclisation of the 4-phenylhydrazono derivatives of 2-thiazolidinone or 2-thiazolidinethione (1) with formaldehyde solution or with aromatic aldehydes yields 2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[4,3-c]-1,2,4-triazol-5-one or its 5-thiocarbonyl analogue (2). Condensing 2 with aromatic aldehydes afforded the corresponding 7-arylidene derivatives (8).
The 5-arylidene derivatives of 4-anisylimino-2-thiazolidinethione (5) were obtained by condensing 4 with aromatic aldehydes. The potassium salt of 5 reacts readily with alkyl halides to yield the 5-arylidene derivatives of 4-anisylimino-2-alkylmercapto-2-thiazoline (6).
Notizen: Melting Curve of NaClO3 to 42 kbar
Authors: Wolbarst A. B. , Clark J. B. , Richter P. W. 
Published: March 2015

The melting curve of NaClO3 was determined to 42 kbar. The equation
tm (°C) = 270 + 15.09 (P-0,85) — 0.4044 (P-0.85)2 + 0.004555 (P-0.85)3

fits the data with a standard deviation of 5°C.
Isomerisierung von Pd–O=PR3-koordiniertem ο,o′-Bis(phenyläthinyl)-triphenylphosphinoxid.
Authors: Winter Werner 
Published: March 2015

Conformational Stability, 1H NMR
o,o′-Bis(phenylethynyl)-triphenylphosphineoxide, coordinated to Pd(II) with the P=0-group, is isomerized in boiling xylene to the condensed phosphepin- and dihydrophosphocin oxides (4) and (6). The structure of 6 is determined by catalytic hydrogenation, 1H NMR and confirmed by an X-ray analysis, currently carried out. The hydrogenated products 7A and 7B are conformational isomers. The kinetic data of the ring inversion 7 A ⇄ 7B are determined.
Die Struktur von Bis(cyclopentadienyldicarhonylmangan)-1.2-diphenyldiphosphan, [C5H5(CO)2Mn]2PhP(H)—(H)PPh.
Authors: Huttner G. , Müller H.-D. , Bejenke Vera , Orama O. 
Published: March 2015

The title compound 1 contains complex stabilized 1,2-diphenyldiphosphane. It crystallizes in space group P21/c with a = 1095(1), b = 1145(1), c = 1186(1) pm, β= 124.73(5)°, Z = 2. The structure has been solved by coventional methods; full matrix refinement converged at R1= 0.045.
1 shows crystallographic inversion symmetry and thus contains a meso-1,2-diphenyldiphosphane ligand. The P–P-distance is 225.8 pm, the Mn–P bonds are rather short (221.6 pm).
Notizen: Übergangsmetall-Carbin-Komplexe, XXIV1 Trans-Bromotetracarbonyl(2-thienyl) carbinchrom und -wolfram / Transition Metal Carbyne Complexes, XXIV1 Trans-Bromotetracarbonyl (2-thienyl)carbyne Chromium and Tungsten
Authors: Fischer Ernst Otto , Selmayr Tassilo 
Published: March 2015

Pentacarbonyl[acetoxy(2-thienyl)carbene]-chromium(0) and -tungsten(0) react with BBr3 to give trans-bromotetracarbonyl(2-thienyl)carbyne-chromium and -tungsten.
Beim Versuch an Pentacarbonyl(hydroxyphenyloarben)chrom(0)2 mit BBr3 die Hydroxygruppe
Komplexchemie polyfunktioneller Liganden, 411 Synthese und Kristallstruktur von Di-μ-carbonyl-μ-bis(diphenylphosphino)-amin-tetracarbonyl-dikobalt(0) (Co-Co) · 0,5 Benzol / Complex Chemistry of Polyfunctional Ligands, 411 Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Di-µ-carbonyl-µ-bis(diphenylphosphino)amine-tetracarbonyl-dicobalt(0) (Co—Co) · 0.5 Benzene
Authors: Ellermann Jochen , Geheeb Norbert , Zoubek Gerd , Thiele Gerhard 
Published: March 2015

X-ray investigations of brown crystals, formed as a by-product in the reaction of Co2(CO)8 with (C6H5)2P(CH2)2P(C6H5)2 show the existence of the complex
Co2(µ-CO)2(CO)4μ-[(C6H5)2P]2NH.
The triclinic unit cell (space group PĪ ) contains two complex molecules and one molecule benzene as a solvate. The ligand (C6H5)2P(CH2)2P(C6H5)2, prepared by literature methods, obviously sometimes contains some [(C6H5)2P]2NH. The compound
Co2(μ-CO)2(CO)4μ-[(C6H5)2P]2NH can also be directly synthesized by the reaction of Co2(CO)8 with [(C6H5)2P]2NH.
Darstellung einiger Alkali- und Erdalkaliperoxoborate durch Perhydrolyse von Tris(methoxy)boran / Preparation of Some Peroxoborates of Alkaline and Alkaline Earth Metals by Perhydrolysis of Tris(methoxy)borane
Authors: Heller Gert , Zambelli Jürgen 
Published: March 2015

Perhydrolysis of the trimethyl ester of boric acid with Η2O2/Η2Ο (85:15 by weight) in butanolic solvents in the presence of lithium- or cesium-tert-butylate in certain molar ratios yields Li2[B2(O2)2(OH)4 or Cs2[B2(O2)2(OH)4].
In methanol in the presence of MX2, where M = Ca, Sr or Ba and X = N-methylacetamide depending on the experimental conditions M[B2(O2)2(OH)4] · n CH3OH, M[B2(O2)2(OH)2(OOH)2] · CH3OH or a compound with a chain structure (anion C) are obtained. Perhydrolysis with H2O2/ H2O (98:2 by weight) yields Sr[B2(O2)2(OOH)4] · CH3OH, Ba[B2(O2)2(OOH)4] · CH3OH or Ba[B2(O2)2(OOH)4] · 2 H2O2.
Based on IR spectra and Raman spectra the structural features of these salts are discussed.
Pyrimidine Derivatives and Related Compounds, IX / Preparation of 5-Aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and of Oxazino[4,5 : 5,6]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines, a New Ring System
Authors: Elnagdi Mohamed Hilmy , Fahmy Sherif Mahmoud , Elmoghayar Mohamed Riffaat Hamza , Negm Abdalla Mohamed 
Published: March 2015

Whereas the 5-aminopyrazole derivatives (1 a, b) react with ethyl β-amino-β-trichloro-methylmethylenecyanoacetate (2) in basic media to yield the corresponding 5-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives (3a, b), the reaction of la, b with 2 in refluxing acetic acid has afforded oxazino[4,5:5,6]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives.
5-Amino-3-phenyl-4-phenylazopyrazole (12) reacted with 2 in refluxing pyridine to yield the 5-amino-2-phenyl-3-phenylazopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivative (18). On the other hand, the reaction of 12 and 2 in refluxing acetic acid has afforded a mixture of the oxazino[4,5:5′,6′]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives (14) and the pyrazolo[3,4-d]-astriazine derivatives (15). The mechanism of the formation of reaction products is discussed.
The Electronic Single Crystal Spectrum of Binuclear Rhodium(II)acetate Hydrate Rh2(CH3COO)4· 2 H2O
Authors: Bienek G. , Tuszynski W. , Gliemann G. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The visible and near-ultraviolet spectrum of rhodium(II)acetate hydrate single crystals has been measured in a temperature range from 10 K to 295 K. Two band systems centered at 17,000 cm-1 and 22,000 cm-1 have been found, both consisting of components polarized parallel to and perpendicular to the rhodium-rhodium z-axis. Polarizations, intensities and temperature dependences are consistent with an assignment of z-polarized a1g →a2u and xy-polarized eg →a2u transitions for the lower energy band. For the higher energy band it could not be determined definitely whether only the b2g →-b1u and eg → b1u transitions give rise to the z-and x,y-polarization directions, respectively, or if b1g → b2u and eg →b2u also make a contribution.
Reactions of t-Butyl Peresters, XVII The Photochemical Reaction of Dialkyl t-Butylperoxy Phosphates and Alkyl f-Butylperoxy Alkylphosphonates with Cyclohexene and Cyclopentene in the Presence of Copper Ions
Authors: Sosnovsky George , Karas Gary 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The photochemical reaction of dialkyl t-butylperoxy phosphates (1) and alkyl t-butylperoxy alkylphosphonates (2) with cyclohexene in benzene in the presence

of a catalytic amount of copper (I) bromide produced the corresponding phosphates (3) and phosphonates (4) in 50-70% yield. The analogous reaction of 1

(R = i-C3H7) with cyclopentene gave a 36% yield of cyclopent-l-en-3-yl di-isopropyl phosphate (5), which could not be obtained by the thermal copper ion catalyzed reaction. Benzene, benzophenone, and acetone were effective as triplet photosensitizers in the phosphorylation reaction. Typical free radical inhibitors, such as, galvinoxyl (6), 4-hydroxy- 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-l-oxyl (7), and DPPH (8) retarded the photosensitized reaction. The reaction was not affected by the singlet sensitizer Eosin-Y.
Reactions of Chromyl Chloride with Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Anhydrides
Authors: Kapoor Ramesh , Kapoor Pratibha , Sharma Ramneek 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Chromyl Chloride reacts with carboxylic acids [RCOOH where R = C2H5, n-C3H7, CH2CI, CHCl2 and CCI3] to give reduced chromium(III) carboxylates, [Cr3 O(OOCR)6 (H2O)3 ]Cl. Magnetic susceptibility, UV-visible and IR measurements are all consistent with their trinuclear basic structures. Reactions of chromyl chloride with carboxylic acid anhydrides [(RCO)2O where R = CH3 , C2H5 and n-C3H7 ] give dinuclear oxo-bridged complexes of the type, [Cr2O(OOOCR)3 ]Cl. These compounds behave as non-electrolytes in polar organic solvents. IR spectra suggest the presence of bridging carboxylato groups containing Cr-O -Cr chains. Their low magnetic moment values suggest polymeric structures exhibiting antiferromagnetic coupling between Cr atoms.
Synthese und fungizide Eigenschaften von Phosphorsäureethylesterdiamiden/Synthesis and Fungicidal Properties of Phosphorodiamidates
Authors: Schaller Rainer , Mildenberger Hilmar , Sachse Burkhard 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Secundary amines - especially 2-aryloxyethyl-n-propylamines and 4-arylpiperazines were treated with ethyldichlorophosphate yielding ethylchlorophosphamides. Subsequent substitution of the chloroatom by morpholine derivatives, imidazole or triazole formed new ethylphosphorodiamidates with a broad-spectrum-fungicidal activity. Experimental details as well as the fungicidal properties are reported.
Studien zum Vorgang der Wasserstoffübertragung, 77 [1] Hydrierungs-und Desulfurierungsstudien mit Raney-Nickel und Nickel-Träger-Katalysatoren Studies on the Occurrence of Hydrogen Transfer, 77 [1] Hydrogenation and Desulfurization Studies with Raney-Nickel and Nickel Support Catalysts
Authors: Horner L. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
To characterize nickel catalysts the capability for the hydrogenation and desulfurization under standard conditions is investigated. Depending on the conditions for the preparation the catalysts are subdivided in four classes: Raney-nickel-type, two types of nickel support catalysts and nickel-Al2O3-borides. Table I shows the rates of the hydrogenation of sodium cinnamate and the values for the desulfurization of diphenylsulfide, carbondisulfide and sodiumthiosulfate. The values for the specific surface, for the volume of the pores and for the adsorption energies are determined (Table II). ESCA-measurements give an orienting impression on the composition of the surface of some selected catalysts (Table III). Table IV contains some analytical values for the nickel-Al2O3 -borides. The capability for the magnetizability of some catalysts before and after the desulfurization is registrated qualitatively.
Addition der schweren Chalkogen-Atome und Halogenonium-Ionen an Carbodiphosphorane / Addition of the Heavy Chalkogen Atoms and Halogenonium Ions to Carbodiphosphoranes
Authors: Schmidbaur H. , Zybill Chr. , Neugebauer D. , Müller G. 
Published: March 2015

Hexaphenylcarbodiphosphorane Ph3P=C=PPh3 (1) forms deeply coloured, crystalline 1:1 ad- ducts with elemental sulfur, selenium and tellurium (2, 3 and 7, respectively). A superior method of synthesis for 7 is the reaction of Na2Te with (Ph3P)2CCl⊕Cl⊖. All three compounds are thermally unstable and decompose at or below room temperature. A selenium adduct 5 was also obtained with Me3P = C = PPh, (4). The compounds 2 and 3 can be alkylated at the chalkogen atoms using MeOSO2F or PhCH2Cl. Oxydation of 3 leads to Se - Se coupling.
Addition of elemental iodine to 1 in molar ratios 1:1. 2:3 and 1:2 affords salt-like products composed of the (Ph2P)2Cl⊕ cation associated with I⊖ and/or I3
⊖ anions (8a-c).
The crystal and molecular structures of 3 and 8b have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. 3′, containing one half equivalent of disordered tetrahydrofuran, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n (a = 10.848(6), b = 17.433(8). c = 16.848(9) Å, β = 91.51(5)°. V = 3185.07 Å3, ϱx = 1359 gcm-3, Z = 4). Based on 3488 structure factors, the final R value was 0.103. The selenium is attached to the ylidic carbon atom without major changes of the Ph3P=C=PPh3 skeleton (C - Se = 1.99 Å). 8b crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1̄ (a = 9.935(2). b = 11.507(2), c = 16.646(3) Å, α = 90.91(1), β = 112.00(1), γ = 96.60(1)°, V = 1749.15 A3, ϱx = 1.741 gcm-3, Z = 2). Refinement of 382 parameters on 5096 structure factors converged at R = 0.043. The molecular structure shows close similarities to the selenium adduct 3 (C-I = 2.12 Å).
Das Hydrogendiarsenit-Anion HAs2O5
3- Darstellung und Struktur von K3HAs2O5 • 6 H2O / The Hydrogendiarsenite Anion HAs2O53- Preparation and Structure of K3HAs2O5-6 H2O
Authors: Sheldrick W. S. , Häusler H.-J. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
K3HAs2O5-6H2O 1 has been crystallised from aqueous solution and its crystal structure established by X-ray analysis. 1 contains isolated hydrogendiarsenite anions HAs2O5
3-, composed of two corner-sharing ψ -AsO3-tetrahedra. The anion displays the semi-eclipsed conformation in which the lone-pairs on the As atoms take up a syn-position with respect to an As-O bond on the opposite As atom. As a result the pyramidal coordination geometry of the As atoms is considerably distorted. The HAs2O5
3- anions in the crystal lattice are linked via O - H ··· O hydrogen bonds into infinite chains parallel to the b-axis, which are surrounded by water molecules of crystallisation
Über [CO4S3(SO)(CN)12]8- : bemerkenswerte Bildung eines Clusters und eines „SO“-Liganden sowie Relevanz zum Promotor-Effekt bei der HDS-Katalyse / [Co4S3(SO)(CN)12]8-: A Remarkable Formation of a Cluster and a “SO ” Ligand and its Relevance to the Promotor Effect of HDS Catalysis
Authors: Müller Achim , Krickemeyer Erich , Jostes Rainer , Bögge Hartmut , Diemann Ekkehard , Bergmann Ulrich 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The preparation of K8[Co4S3(SO)(CN)12] • 4 H2O (by cyanolysis of “cobalt sulfide”) and its properties (vibrational, UV/VIS and ESCA spectra, magnetic and thermogravimetric data, and crystal structure) are reported. The formation of a “SO " ligand through air oxidation is discussed with regard to the promoting effect of Co in the CoMoS phase of the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalyst
Life in the treetops: ecophysiological strategies of canopy epiphytes in a tropical montane cloud forest
Authors: Gotsch Sybil G. , Nadkarni Nalini , Darby Alexander , Glunk Andrew , Dix Mackenzie , Davidson Kenneth , Dawson Todd E. 
Published: February 2015

Tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs) inhabit regions rich in biodiversity that play an important role in the local and regional water cycle. Canopy plants such as epiphytes and hemiepiphytes are an important component of the biodiversity in the TMCF and therefore play a significant role in the carbon, nutrient, and water cycles. With only partial or no access to resources on the ground, canopy plants may be vulnerable to changes in climate that increase canopy temperatures and decrease atmospheric humidity or precipitation inputs. Despite their importance in the TMCF, little is known about variation in functional strategies relating to drought avoidance or drought tolerance of canopy plants. In this study, we quantified variation in a number of functional traits in 11 species of epiphytes and hemiepiphytes in a Costa Rican TMCF. We also generated pressure–volume and xylem vulnerability curves that we used as indicators of drought tolerance. In addition, we hand‐sectioned fresh leaves and examined cross sections under a microscope to quantify leaf thickness, mesophyll thickness and the thickness of water storage cell layers (i.e., hydrenchyma), if present. Lastly, we determined the capacity for foliar water uptake in the laboratory and measured whole‐plant transpiration in the field.A trade‐off was found between traits that confer relative drought resistance and foliar water uptake capacity vs. traits that confer leaf capacitance and relative drought avoidance. This trade‐off may represent an additional axis of the leaf economics spectrum that is unique to epiphytes. We also found that all species had the capacity for foliar uptake of water and that this process contributed substantially to their water balance. On average, foliar uptake of water contributed to the reabsorption of 70% of the water transpired over a relatively wet, 34‐day study period. Our results indicate that canopy plants can mitigate water loss substantially via internal water storage or that they can directly utilize cloud water to offset losses. Our results indicate that species that rely on foliar uptake of water may be more vulnerable to projected changes in climate than species that buffer the effects of drought via internal water storage.
Situs Ambiguous, Levocardia, Right Sided Stomach, Obstructing Duodenal Web, and Intestinal Nonrotation: A Case Report
Authors: Mujo Tomas , Finnegan Tess , Joshi Jonathan , Wilcoxen Kathirene A. , Reed James C. 
Published: February 2015

When approaching a case with a situs abnormality, using the proper terminology, making a specific diagnosis, and understanding the other often associated abnormalities that need to be excluded are of great importance. We present a case of situs ambiguous in the presence of intestinal nonrotation and an obstructing duodenal web. Our patient initially presented at two days old with bilious emesis and failure to pass meconium after birth. An abdominal radiograph demonstrated an unusual bowel gas pattern, a reversed "double bubble" sign. A subsequent thorough imaging survey was crucial to further characterize our patient's unique anatomy. Overall, our case demonstrates many of the unusual plain radiographic and sonographic findings associated with our patient's situs abnormality and allows for review of situs abnormalities and their significance.