bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Incidence of Positional Plagiocephaly: A Cohort Study
Authors: Mawji Aliyah , Vollman Ardene Robinson , Hatfield Jennifer , McNeil Deborah A. , Sauvé Reginald 
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of positional plagiocephaly in infants 7 to 12 weeks of age who attend the 2-month well-child clinic in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.METHODS:A prospective cohort design was used to recruit 440 healthy full-term infants (born at ≥37 weeks of gestation) who presented at 2-month well-child clinics for public health nursing services (eg, immunization) in the city of Calgary, Alberta. The study was completed in 4 community health centers (CHCs) from July to September 2010. The CHCs were selected based on their location, each CHC representing 1 quadrant of the city. Argenta's (2004) plagiocephaly assessment tool was used to identify the presence or absence of plagiocephaly.RESULTS:Of the 440 infants assessed, 205 were observed to have some form of plagiocephaly. The incidence of plagiocephaly in infants at 7 to 12 weeks of age was estimated to be 46.6%. Of all infants with plagiocephaly, 63.2% were affected on the right side and 78.3% had a mild form.CONCLUSIONS:To our knowledge, this is the first population-based study to investigate the incidence of positional plagiocephaly using 4 community-based data collection sites. Future studies are required to corroborate the findings of our study. Research is required to assess the incidence of plagiocephaly using Argenta's plagiocephaly assessment tool across more CHCs and to assess prevalence at different infant age groups. The utility of using Argenta's plagiocephaly assessment tool by public health nurses and/or family physicians needs to be established.
Community-Centered Education Improves Vaccination Rates in Children From Low-Income Households
Authors: Suryadevara Manika , Bonville Cynthia A. , Ferraioli Frank , Domachowske Joseph B. 
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE:
We partnered with the Salvation Army to educate resource-poor families regarding childhood immunizations in an effort to improve vaccine coverage rates.

METHODS:
Eligibility for enrollment included children of families presenting at registration for our Salvation Army holiday gift program, available to families with an annual income &lt;150% of federal poverty guidelines. Parents completed a questionnaire, were provided each child’s vaccination status as documented in the New York State Immunization Information System, and interacted with the study team to address immunization-related concerns. Missed vaccines were identified and parents were directed to their child’s medical home for necessary immunizations. Vaccine coverage was ascertained via the New York State Immunization Information System every 6 to 8 weeks with telephone follow-up for children who remained delayed. The McNemar test and standard 2-proportion comparison were used to determine confidence intervals when analyzing matched or independent data, respectively.

RESULTS:
A total of 1531 children were enrolled; 416 (28%) of the 1477 children with accurate immunization records were vaccine complete. When we excluded influenza vaccine, 1034 (70%) of children had received all other recommended vaccines. Nine months later, vaccine completion rates increased from 28% to 45%, largely because of improvements in influenza vaccination rates, which increased by 17% (confidence interval [CI] 15.5–19.5), a significant improvement over county (8%, 95% CI 7.4–8.1) and statewide (5%, 95% CI 4.7–4.8) rates during the same period.

CONCLUSIONS:
Immunization rates in poor children are suboptimal. Partnering with community-based organizations to address parental concerns, provide education, and perform follow-up was effective in improving immunization rates, particularly for influenza vaccine.
Functional Somatic Symptoms and Consultation Patterns in 5- to 7-Year-Olds
Authors: Rask Charlotte Ulrikka , Ørnbøl Eva , Fink Per Klausen , Skovgaard Anne Mette 
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the frequency of and factors linked to medical consultation for functional somatic symptoms (FSS) among 5- to 7-year-old children.METHODS:We assessed 1327 children from the Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 for FSS at ages 5 to 7 years. Register data on past health care use in general practice were compared between children with and those without parent-reported medical consultation for FSS at the age of 5 to 7 years: respective consulters (n = 96) and nonconsulters (n = 211) and children without FSS (n = 1019). Degree of parental worries about the child’s symptoms and parent-reported symptom characteristics and associated impacts were compared between consulters and nonconsulters.RESULTS:Among 308 children with FSS, 31.1% were consulters. Being a consulter was significantly associated with multisymptomatic presentation, parental worries about the symptoms, symptom impact, and a higher past health care use in general practice. Multiple logistic regression analysis controlled for gender, comorbid physical disease, and symptom severity revealed that the number of face-to-face contacts in general practice during the child’s first 4 years of life predicted being an consulter for FSS at 5 to 7 years (odds ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.06; odds ratio interpreted per unit change in number of contacts).CONCLUSIONS:This study adds to our understanding of health care use for FSS in childhood by highlighting the influence of parents’ early consultation patterns with their child and the influence of parental perceptions of their child’s health and FSS-related impact on pediatric health care use for FSS. Management of health care use in children with FSS should address these aspects.
Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 using Supported Cu2O Catalysts
Authors: Bugayong Joel , Griffin Gregory L. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTWe have studied the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to produce short chain hydrocarbons and alcohols using supported Cu2O electrocatalysts. The catalysts are prepared using Cu2O nanoparticles formed by chemical reduction of aqueous CuCl2 mixed with polyethylene glycol surfactant, followed by addition of NaOH and L-ascorbic acid (sodium). The nanoparticles are then added to a Nafion/ethanol solution and coated onto a carbon fiber support. When tested used for CO2 electroreduction at −1.5 V(NHE), the Cu2O particles are reduced to metallic Cu, but the hydrocarbon product distribution remains different from that reported for conventional metallic Cu electrodes. Ethylene is the major hydrocarbon produced, with a Faradaic efficiency around 25%, while the efficiency for CH4 formation is reduced to around 1%. The major alcohol product is ethanol, with a Faradaic efficiency around 6%. The relative formation rates of the individual products are discussed in terms of the relevant branch points in recent computational models for the overall reaction mechanism.
Attack Biology and Egg Maturation Strategy of Two Tachinid Parasitoids of Leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Pests in Tree Fruit
Authors: Wiman Nik G , Jones Vincent P 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Reproductive biology, including mode of attack and egg maturation, has not been described for the leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) parasitoids Nemorilla pyste (Coquillett) and Nilea erecta (Walker) (Diptera: Tachinidae). Mode of host attack is an important character for understanding evolutionary relationships in Tachinidae, and is an important consideration for biological control. In parasitic Hymenoptera, egg maturation strategy is predictive of many life-history variables, but these predictions have not been tested in other parasitoid groups. In this article, observations on the mode of attack of N. erecta and N. pyste that were acquired through the rearing of these species in the laboratory are described. The study also used dissections to examine internal reproductive physiology and obtain fecundity data for flies of different ages. Fecundity data from the dissections and from cage experiments were used to estimate the ovigeny index of the two species. N. pyste was found to be a highly synovigenic oviparous species, whereas N. erecta was found to be moderately synovigenic and ovolarviparous. Life-history associations of hymenopteran parasitoids with egg maturation strategy appeared not to apply to these tachinids.
Evidence of Formosan Subterranean Termite Group Size and Associated Bacteria in the Suppression of Entomopathogenic Bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis and thuringiensis
Authors: Wang Cai , Henderson Gregg 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, was studied for its ability to suppress two entomopathogenic bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis (Bti) and thuringiensis (Btt). Different group sizes (50, 25, 10, and no termites [control]) of C. formosanus were placed on well-grown Bti or Btt agar plates. On day 1, the diameters of Bti and Btt colonies in the three treatments containing termites were significantly smaller than in the controls. The diameters of Bti and Btt colonies in the 50-termite treatment were significantly smaller than in the 10-termite treatment. However, neither was significantly different from the 25-termite treatment. This group sized dependent suppression was even more distinct on day 2. On day 5, inhibitory zones were observed in all three treatments containing termites where Bti or Btt colonies originally grew. The Bti and Btt cells from these inhibitory zones regenerated on new plates after transfer from 25- and 10-termite treatments as did the controls, but no regeneration was observed after transfer from 50-termite treatment. Results show that the presence of C. formosanus can suppress the growth of Bti and Btt and the suppression effect enhanced with increased of group size. Moreover, antagonistic tests show that natural bacteria carried by termites play a role in the suppression of Bti and Btt.
Caribbean and Mexican Additions to theDasymutilla bioculataSpecies-Group (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae)
Authors: Williams Kevin A , Pitts James P 
Published: July 2013

AbstractWilliams et al. (Syst. Entomol. 36: 180–191) discovered that all former members of the Dasymutilla bioculata species-group were synonymous. Here we present a study of Mexican and Caribbean species that closely resemble D. bioculata (Cresson). Dasymutilla bouveiri (André), Dasymutilla chionothrix Manley & Pitts, Dasymutilla concordia Manley & Pitts, Dasymutilla insulana Mickel, Dasymutilla latebalteata (Cameron), Dasymutilla nocticaro Manley & Pitts, Dasymutilla truxali Manley & Pitts, and Dasymutilla Veracruz Manley & Pitts are transferred to the D. bioculata species-group based on morphological similarities with D. bioculata. Placement in the D. bioculata species-group, coupled with overlapping disparate ranges, facilitate the following synonymies. D. truxali is a junior synonym of D. chionothrix. D. Veracruz is a junior synonym of D. latebalteata. D. concordia is a junior synonym of D. nocticaro. Genaro (Caribbean J. Sci. 33: 263–268) provided a key to the males of the Caribbean species, including Dasymutilla bouvieri and D. insulana, but these males were not satisfactorily described. Full descriptions are given for these males and diagnoses are provided for all members of the D. bioculata species-group.
Comparative Body Size and Shape Analyses of F1 HybridRhagoletis pomonellaandRhagoletis zephyria(Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Yee Wee L , Chapman Peter S , Sheets H David 
Published: July 2013

AbstractHybridization between apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), and Rhagoletis zephyria Snow (Diptera: Tephritidae) occurs in Washington State, complicating fly identifications. Here, experimentally generated F1 hybrids of R. pomonella and R. zephyria were classified using morphometric methods. Five of nine mean body size measurements of hybrids from crossing female R. pomonella × male R. zephyria were intermediate between those of nonhybrids. Aculeus lengths of hybrid females were intermediate or were more similar to those of R. pomonella than R. zephyria. Based on six or seven body size measures, 25.0% of female and 44.4% of male hybrids were correctly classified. Misclassified female and male hybrids resembled R. pomonella and one or the other parental species, respectively. Mean wing shapes of hybrid females based on landmark measurements were novel, whereas those of males were intermediate between those of nonhybrids. Based on wing shapes + natural log (In) centroid size, 90.9% of female and 66.7% of male hybrids were correctly classified. Hybrid females were misclassified as R. pomonella and more hybrid males as R. zephyria. Based on surstylus shape, 27.7% of male hybrids were correctly classified, with more being misclassified as R. pomonella. Results show wing shape + In centroid size is the most useful measure for identifying female and male hybrids and that R. pomonella traits for aculeus length and/or wing shape appear dominant to those of R. zephyria in hybrid females.
When the Usual Symptoms Become an Unusual Diagnosis: A Case Report of Trifunctional Protein Complex
Authors: Anderson Sharon , Brooks Susan Sklower 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDisorders of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation should be considered in any infant who presents with unexplained hypoglycemia and/or myopathy. Although disorders of trifunctional protein (TFP) complex including long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) and mitochondrial TFP deficiencies are extremely rare, the combined incidence of mitochondrial fatty acid disorders is quite frequent. With the expansion of newborn screening, what were once considered uncommon disorders are being identified with increasing frequency in asymptomatic infants. The following case scenario presents an infant who developed symptoms prior to the completion of newborn screening. This fairly routine course for a late-preterm infant reveals an extremely rare inborn error of metabolism, LCHAD deficiency. An overview of TFP complex, the differential diagnoses as the case unfolds, diagnostic test results, acute care management, and short-term patient follow-up is presented.With experience, health care providers often become accustomed to and expect to see common things regularly. This case presents a scenario which, as it unfolds, appears to be quite common. It turns out, however, to be very uncommon.
Glycemic Control and Blood Glucose Monitoring Over Time in a Sample of Young Australians With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Waller Daniel , Johnston Christine , Molyneaux Lynda , Brown-Singh Lin , Hatherly Kristy , Smith Lorraine , Overland Jane 
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVETo determine whether personality traits (conscientiousness, agreeableness, emotional regulation, extraversion, and openness to experience) are associated with glycemic control and blood glucose monitoring behavior, and change or stability of these outcomes over time, in young people with type 1 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSA 3-year longitudinal study was conducted using data from 142 individuals with type 1 diabetes, 8–19 years of age. Personality was assessed at baseline using the Five-Factor Personality Inventory for Children. Data relating to glycemic control (HbA1c) and frequency of blood glucose monitoring (based on meter memory) were collected annually. Relationships between personality traits and HbA1c and monitoring frequency were examined using regression models and mixed-design ANOVA.RESULTSThree of the Five-Factor domains were independently associated with glycemic control. Individuals high in conscientiousness and agreeableness had a lower and more stable HbA1c across the 3-year study period. In contrast, the HbA1c of individuals scoring low on these traits was either consistently worse or deteriorated over time. Low or high emotional regulation scores were also associated with worse glycemic control. By the third year, these domains, together with initial HbA1c, accounted for 39% of HbA1c variance. Conscientiousness was the only personality factor associated with blood glucose monitoring behavior.CONCLUSIONSResults of this study underline the importance of personality in contributing to diabetes outcomes. Attention to a young person’s personality, and appropriate tailoring of diabetes management to ensure an individualized approach, may help to optimize diabetes outcomes.
Inpatient Diabetes Education Is Associated With Less Frequent Hospital Readmission Among Patients With Poor Glycemic Control
Authors: Healy Sara J. , Black Dawn , Harris Cara , Lorenz Andrew , Dungan Kathleen M. 
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE
To explore the relationship between inpatient diabetes education (IDE) and hospital readmissions in patients with poorly controlled diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Patients with a discharge diagnosis of diabetes (ICD-9 code 250.x) and HbA1c &gt;9% who were hospitalized between 2008 and 2010 were retrospectively identified. All-cause first readmissions were determined within 30 days and 180 days after discharge. IDE was conducted by a certified diabetes educator or trainee. Relationships between IDE and hospital readmission were analyzed with stepwise backward logistic regression models.

RESULTS
In all, 2,265 patients were included in the 30-day analysis and 2,069 patients were included in the 180-day analysis. Patients who received IDE had a lower frequency of readmission within 30 days than did those who did not (11 vs. 16%; P = 0.0001). This relationship persisted after adjustment for sociodemographic and illness-related factors (odds ratio 0.66 [95% CI 0.51–0.85]; P = 0.001). Medicaid insurance and longer stay were also independent predictors in this model. IDE was also associated with reduced readmissions within 180 days, although the relationship was attenuated. In the final 180-day model, no IDE, African American race, Medicaid or Medicare insurance, longer stay, and lower HbA1c were independently associated with increased hospital readmission. Further analysis determined that higher HbA1c was associated with lower frequency of readmission only among patients who received a diabetes education consult.

CONCLUSIONS
Formal IDE was independently associated with a lower frequency of all-cause hospital readmission within 30 days; this relationship was attenuated by 180 days. Prospective studies are needed to confirm this association.
Rural areas in Poland from a demographic perspective
Authors: Biegańska Jadwiga 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The article presents an analysis and a critical assessment of rural areas in Poland in the years 1999-2011 from a demographic perspective. The analysis is based on indicators characterising population density, population structure by gender and age, migrations of population, and vital statistics. In order to classify and compare rural areas, the k-means method is employed. The sample of rural areas used in the study contains all 2,173 rural and urban-rural gminas (excluding urban parts) in Poland.
Macromycetes and myxomycetes of Asveja Regional park (Lithuania)
Authors: Iršėnaitė Reda , Adamonytė Gražina , Daniele Inita , Kasparavičius Jonas , Kutorga Ernestas , Stončius Darius 
Published: July 2013

Abstract The paper provides data on macromycete and myxomycete species diversity and distribution in Asveja Regional Park located in eastern Lithuania. A total of 326 species of macromycetes and 33 species and intraspecific taxa of myxomycetes were recorded. Five species, Eocronartium muscicola, Mycena megaspora, Neobulgaria pura, Pachyella violaceonigra and Skeletocutis papyracea, were reported for the first time in Lithuania. Twenty species listed in the Red Data Book of Lithuania were recorded during this study. Distribution and habitats of rare and endangered fungus and myxomycete species are discussed
Characterization of Two Distinct Pepino Mosaic Virus Isolates from Tomato in Lithuania
Authors: Žižytė Marija , Šneideris Donatas , Zitikaitė Irena , Urbanavičienė Laima , Staniulis Juozas 
Published: July 2013

Abstract Two isolates of Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) from tomato plants grown in different commercial greenhouses in Lithuania were characterized by coat protein (CP) gene sequence analysis. Comparison with other PepMV isolates from the GenBank database showed that both Lithuanian PepMV isolates share 78.3% nucleotide identity and belong to two distinct EU and CH2 genotypes of PepMV. This is the first report on characterization of two PepMV genotypes detected in Lithuania.
Contribution to the Bryophyte Flora of the Viešvilė State Strict Nature Reserve
Authors: Jukonienė Ilona , Uselienė Asta , Uselis Vytautas 
Published: July 2013

Abstract Based on the results of new investigations on the bryophyte flora of the Viešvilė State Strict Nature Reserve, 28 moss and 12 hepatic species are reported as new to the bryophyte flora of the territory. Of these, 12 species are included into the Red Data Book of Lithuania. The scheme of distribution of the red-listed species in the reserve is presented
Succisella Inflexa – A Neglected Species in Meadows of Lithuania
Authors: Sinkevičienė Zofija 
Published: July 2013

Abstract Succisella inflexa (Kluk) Beck. is one of the rarest red-listed species in Lithuania, occurring at the northern border of its range. Based on herbarium specimens, only five localities were known in SE Lithuania (Trakai, Varėna and Šalčininkai districts) in the period of 1956-1983. In 2007 and 2009, new localities in the Šalčia River valley near Žygmantiškės village (Šalčininkai distr.) and in the Merkys River valley near Moliai village (Varėna distr.) were recorded. The populations survived in wet meadows of Calthion, Caricion communities, in the intensively grazed floodplain. They were composed of flowering and vegetative plants and seemed to be in good condition. The limited occurrence of S. inflexa in Lithuania is related to the species distribution on the edge of its range. The late blooming time in August-September was the main reason why this species was neglected during the former investigations on these meadows usually studied before mowing in June or July. After the discovery of new populations, S. inflexa is expected to be more distributed in the natural valleys of the Merkys River catchment area.
Response of Algal Communities to Anthropogenic Changes in Mineralization
Authors: Komulaynen Sergey , Chekryzheva Tatiana 
Published: July 2013

Abstract A relatively new type of impact of human activities on lake-river system has resulted from mining operations in the Kostomuksha iron deposit, Karelia, NW Russia. Lake Kostumus was isolated by a dam and has since acted as a waste accumulator for ore-dressing production. The total mineral content of the water has reached 400 mg l-1. Comparative analysis of the structural organization and functioning of phytoperiphyton and phytoplankton in the Kenti lake-river system and subject to anthropogenic load resulting from urbanization is presented. The algal communities influenced by mineralized mining mill wastes were analysed in terms of species richness, species diversity, species ecology values, biomass and chlorophyll a concentration. When the anthropogenic load is minimized, the natural structure of algal assemblages quickly restores. This is most typical of lake-river systems with alternations of lakes and rivers, rapids and pools, playing the role of natural water treatment facilities. The possibility of using algal assemblages as an indicator of the ecological state of lake-river ecosystems is analysed.