bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Dronedarone in Patients Previously Treated With Other Antiarrhythmic Agents
Authors: Guerra Federico , Hohnloser Stefan H. , Kowey Peter R. , Crijns Harry J. G. M. , Aliot Etienne M. , Radzik David , Roy Denis , Connolly Stuart , Capucci Alessandro 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundCurrently available antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) for the prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF)/atrial flutter (AFL) suffer from incomplete efficacy and poor tolerability.HypothesisDronedarone could represent an effective and safe option in patients previously treated with AADs, especially class Ic AADs and sotalol.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 2 double‐blind, parallel‐group trials (EURIDIS [European Trial in Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter Patients Receiving Dronedarone for the Maintenance of Sinus Rhythm] and ADONIS [American–Australian–African Trial With Dronedarone in Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter Patients for the Maintenance of Sinus Rhythm]) comparing the efficacy and safety of dronedarone with placebo over 12 months. The primary end point was AF/AFL recurrence in patients previously treated with another AAD that was discontinued for whatever reason prior to randomization.ResultsIn patients previously treated with any AADs, dronedarone decreased the risk of AF recurrence by 30.4% vs placebo (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59‐0.82; P < 0.001). In patients previously treated with a class Ic agent, dronedarone decreased the risk of recurrence by 31.4% (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.53‐0.89; P = 0.004), whereas in patients previously treated with sotalol, dronedarone showed a trend toward a decrease of risk of recurrence (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.67‐1.11; P = 0.244). Dronedarone was equally effective irrespective of whether class Ic or sotalol were stopped for lack of efficacy or adverse events (AEs). Discontinuation rates were similar in the 2 groups (55.9% vs 43.1%), as were incidence of AEs and serious AEs.ConclusionsDronedarone seems to be effective in preventing AF recurrences in patients without permanent AF previously treated with other AADs, even if those were discontinued for lack of efficacy. Dronedarone appears to be well tolerated even in patients who already had tolerability issues with AADs.
6,7‐Dimethoxy‐2‐{2‐[4‐(1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)phenyl]ethyl}‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines as Superior Reversal Agents for P‐Glycoprotein‐Mediated Multidrug Resistance
Authors: Liu Baomin , Qiu Qianqian , Zhao Tianxiao , Jiao Lei , Li Yunman , Huang Wenlong , Qian Hai 
Published: December 2014

AbstractP‐glycoprotein (P‐gp)‐mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle for successful cancer chemotherapy. Based on our previous study, 17 novel compounds with the 6,7‐dimethoxy‐2‐{2‐[4‐(1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)phenyl]ethyl}‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline scaffold were designed and synthesized. Among them, 2‐[(1‐{4‐[2‐(6,7‐dimethoxy‐3,4‐dihydroisoquinolin‐2(1H)‐yl)ethyl]phenyl}‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy]‐N‐(p‐tolyl)benzamide (compound 7 h) was identified as a potent modulator of P‐gp‐mediated MDR, with high potency (EC50=127.5±9.1 nM), low cytotoxicity (TI>784.3), and long duration (>24 h) in reversing doxorubicin (DOX) resistance in K562/A02 cells. Compound 7 h also enhanced the effects of other MDR‐related cytotoxic agents (paclitaxel, vinblastine, and daunorubicin), increased the accumulation of DOX and blocked P‐gp‐mediated rhodamine 123 efflux function in K562/A02 MDR cells. Moreover, 7 h did not have any effect on cytochrome (CYP3A4) activity. These results indicate that 7 h is a relatively safe modulator of P‐gp‐mediated MDR that has good potential for further development.
Quality of life and mood of patients and family caregivers during hospitalization for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: El‐Jawahri Areej R. , Traeger Lara N. , Kuzmuk Kailyn , Eusebio Justin R. , Vandusen Harry B. , Shin Jennifer A. , Keenan Tanya , Gallagher Emily R. , Greer Joseph A. , Pirl William F. , Jackson Vicki A. , Ballen Karen K. , Spitzer Thomas R. , Graubert Timothy A. , McAfee Steven L. , Dey Bimalangshu R. , Chen Yi‐Bin A. , Temel Jennifer S. 
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUNDWe conducted a study to investigate the impact of hospitalization for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) on the quality of life (QOL) and mood of patients and family caregivers (FC).METHODSWe conducted a longitudinal study of patients who were hospitalized for HCT and their FC. We assessed QOL (using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Bone Marrow Transplantation) and mood (using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) at baseline (6 days before HCT), day +1, and day +8 of HCT. We administered the Medical Outcomes Study Health Survey Short Form‐36 to examine FC QOL (Physical Component Scale and Mental Component Scale). To identify predictors of changes in QOL, we used multivariable linear mixed models.RESULTSWe enrolled 97% of eligible patients undergoing autologous (30 patients), myeloablative (30 patients), or reduced intensity (30 patients) allogeneic HCT. Patients' QOL markedly declined (mean Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Bone Marrow Transplantation score, 109.6 to 96.0; P<.0001) throughout hospitalization. The percentage of patients with depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale‐Depression score of >7) more than doubled from baseline to day +8 (15.6% to 37.8%; P<.0001), whereas the percentage of patients with anxiety remained stable (22.2%; P = .8). These results remained consistent when data were stratified by HCT type. Baseline depression (β, −2.24; F, 42.2 [P<.0001]) and anxiety (β, −0.63; F, 4.4 [P =.03]) were found to independently predict worse QOL throughout hospitalization. FC QOL declined during the patient's hospitalization (physical component scale: 83.1 to 79.6 [P =.03] and mental component scale: 71.6 to 67.4 [P =.04]).CONCLUSIONSPatients undergoing HCT reported a steep deterioration in QOL and substantially worsening depression during hospitalization. Baseline anxiety and depression predicted worse QOL during hospitalization, underscoring the importance of assessing pre‐HCT psychiatric morbidity. Cancer 2015;121:951–959. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Disparities in black and white patients with multiple myeloma referred for autologous hematopoietic transplantation: A single center study
Authors: Bhatnagar Vishal , Wu Yin , Goloubeva Olga G. , Ruehle Kathleen T. , Milliron Todd E. , Harris Carolynn G. , Rapoport Aaron P. , Yanovich Saul , Sausville Edward A. , Baer Maria R. , Badros Ashraf Z. 
Published: December 2014

BackgroundRacial disparity in the incidence of multiple myeloma is well established; however, to the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the impact of racial differences on disease characteristics, response to therapy, and clinical outcome.MethodsThe authors studied 453 patients (174 of whom were black and 279 of whom were white) who underwent transplant between 2000 and 2013. The median follow‐up was 4.4 years.ResultsBlack patients were significantly younger than white patients (median age, 54 years vs 59 years; P<.0001), more frequently presented with anemia (P = .04), had more of the immunoglobulin G isotype (P<.001), and had a borderline favorable cytogenetic risk (P = .06). Overall response to induction was similar, but deeper responses were observed in more white patients compared with black patients receiving immunomodulatory drug‐based induction (P = .02). Referral for transplant was significantly delayed in black individuals (median, 1.3 years vs 0.9 years; P = .003). Overall survival from the time of transplant was similar for black and white patients, with medians of 6.2 years and 5.7 years, respectively, but survival from the time of diagnosis was significantly longer among black individuals (median, 7.7 years vs 6.1 years; P = .03). Maintenance therapy was found to positively impact progression‐free survival but not overall survival, irrespective of race.ConclusionsThe results of the current study confirm ethnic differences in age, referral patterns, response to therapy, and overall survival. Future validation of these disparities is urgently needed. Cancer 2015;121:1064–1070. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Selenium–Selenium Bond Cleavage of Diaryl Diselenide Radical Anions During Pulse Radiolysis
Authors: Tojo Sachiko , Fujitsuka Mamoru , Ouchi Akihiko , Majima Tetsuro 
Published: December 2014

AbstractInvited for this month’s cover are collaborators from the Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University and the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan. The cover picture shows selenium–selenium σ‐bond cleavage of the di‐α‐naphthyl diselenide radical anion elucidated by transient absorption measurements during pulse radiolysis using the L‐band linear accelerator (background picture). Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201402300.
Chitosan as a Sustainable Organocatalyst: A Concise Overview
Authors: El Kadib Abdelkrim 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIncreased demand for more sustainable materials and chemical processes has tremendously advanced the use of polysaccharides, which are natural biopolymers, in domains such as adsorption, catalysis, and as an alternative chemical feedstock. Among these biopolymers, the use of chitosan, which is obtained by deacetylation of natural chitin, is on the increase due to the presence of amino groups on the polymer backbone that makes it a natural cationic polymer. The ability of chitosan‐based materials to form open‐network, macroporous, high‐surface‐area hydrogels with accessible basic surface sites has enabled their use not only as macrochelating ligands for active metal catalysts and as a support to disperse nanosized particles, but also as a direct organocatalyst. This review provides a concise overview of the use of native and modified chitosan, possessing different textural properties and chemical properties, as organocatalysts. Organocatalysis with chitosan is primarily focused on carbon–carbon bond‐forming reactions, multicomponent heterocycle formation reactions, biodiesel production, and carbon dioxide fixation through [3+2] cycloaddition. Furthermore, the chiral, helical organization of the chitosan skeleton lends itself to use in enantioselective catalysis. Chitosan derivatives generally display reactivity similar to homogeneous bases, ionic liquids, and organic and inorganic salts. However, the introduction of cooperative acid–base interactions at active sites substantially enhances reactivity. These functional biopolymers can also be easily recovered and reused several times under solvent‐free conditions. These accomplishments highlight the important role that natural biopolymers play in furthering more sustainable chemistry.
Synthesis of Lithium Iron Phosphate/Carbon Microspheres by Using Polyacrylic Acid Coated Iron Phosphate Nanoparticles Derived from Iron(III) Acrylate
Authors: Xu Dongwei , He Yan‐Bing , Chu Xiaodong , Ding Zhaojun , Li Baohua , He Jianfu , Du Hongda , Qin Xianying , Kang Feiyu 
Published: December 2014

AbstractLithium iron phosphate/carbon (LiFePO4/C) microspheres with high rate and cycling performance are synthesized from iron phosphate/polyacrylic acid (FePO4/PAA) nanoparticles. Iron(III) acrylate is used as a precursor for both the iron and carbon sources. FePO4 nanoparticles are first produced by a coprecipitation reaction. The byproduct, acrylic acid ions, is polymerized in situ to form a uniform PAA layer on the surface of the FePO4 nanoparticles. The as‐prepared LiFePO4/C microspheres are composed of primary nanoparticles with sizes of 40–50 nm. The nanoparticles are fully coated with a thin, uniform carbon layer derived from the decomposition of the PAA layer. The uniform carbon‐coating layer cooperates with interstitial and boundary carbon derived from sucrose successfully to construct an excellent interconnecting conductive network in the microspheres. As a result of the unique structure, the as‐prepared LiFePO4/C microspheres display both high electronic and ionic conductivities, which contribute to their high rate performance (162.9 mAh g−1 at 0.1C and 126.1 mAh g−1 at 5C) and excellent cycling stability (97.1 % of capacity retention after 500 cycles at 5C/5C).
Across the Board: Jairton Dupont
Authors: Dupont Jairton 
Published: December 2014

AbstractIn this series of articles the board members of ChemSusChem discuss recent research articles that they consider of exceptional quality and importance for sustainability. This entry features Prof. Jairton Dupont, who discusses how recent works on fine‐tuning of the electronic and steric properties of ruthenium and rhodium complexes and reaction conditions generates efficient homogeneous transition‐metal catalysts for the transformation of CO2 under hydrogen pressure.
Photochemical Carbon–Carbon Bond Cleavage of CF3‐Substituted (dppbe)Pt0(η2‐tolane) Complexes
Authors: Gröber Sebastian , Görls Helmar , Weigand Wolfgang 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThree different complexes of the (dppbe)Pt(η2‐tolane) [dppbe = 1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene] type bearing CF3 groups at the 2,2′‐ (4a), 3,3′‐ (4b), and 4,4′‐positions (4c) of the tolane ligand were synthesized. A one‐pot procedure for the synthesis of the tolane ligands from 2‐methyl‐3‐butyn‐2‐ol as the acetylene derivative was developed. To investigate their selective photochemical carbon–carbon bond cleavage, 4a–4c were exposed to UV light (1 W, 356 nm) in the solid state and in solution. The oxidative addition of the C(sp)–C(sp2) bond to the (dppbe)Pt0 complex fragment to form the corresponding CF3‐substituted (dppbe)Pt(ethynylphenyl)(phenyl) complex was followed by 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy. The reactivity of 4a–4c relative to the position of the CF3 substituent and the torsion angle between the substituted phenyl rings is discussed. All of the complexes were isolated and characterized by various spectroscopic methods and additionally by single‐crystal X‐ray diffractometry.
A Simple Fluorescent Probe Derived from Naphthylamine for Selective Detection of HgII, FeII and FeIII Ions in Mixed Aqueous Media: Applications in Living Cells and Logic Gates
Authors: Ghosh Kaushik , Rathi Sweety , Gupta Pankaj , Vashisth Priya , Pruthi Vikas 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA naphthylamine‐based probe was utilized for the detection of HgII, FeII and FeIII in mixed aqueous media by fluorescence quenching. These sensitive metal ions bind with the probe by forming a 1:1 complex. The time‐resolved fluorescence and quantum yield of the probe in the absence as well as in the presence of metal ions were investigated. The extent of binding of the probe with sensitive metal ions was calculated. The sensitivity of the probe in the presence of other metal ions was examined using competitive binding studies. The probe displayed sensitivity towards HgII during in vitro as well as in vivo studies. This multianalyte probe has potential biological applications in cell imaging and in logic gates.Correspondence that discusses a caveat with regard to these studies is available: DOI 10.1002/ejic.201500566
Electrochemical Morphine Sensor Based on Gold Nanoparticles Metalphthalocyanine Modified Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Atta Nada F. , Galal Ahmed , Abdel‐Gawad Fatma M. , Mohamed Eman F. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractComposites of gold nanoparticles (Au) electrochemically deposited and different metal phthalocyanines (Co, Ni, Cu, and Fe) were chemically prepared. The composites were used as modifiers for carbon paste electrodes and were used for the determination of morphine in presence of ascorbic acid and uric acid. Central metal atoms of phthalocyanine moiety affected the rate of electron transfer. Thus, the electroactivity of different modifiers were evaluated towards morphine oxidation. Au‐CoPcM‐CPE possessed the highest rate for charge transfer rate in all studied pH electrolytes. Limit of detection was 5.48×10−9 mol L−1 in the range of 4.0×10−7 to 9.0×10−4 mol L−1.
Multi‐modal robust inverse‐consistent linear registration
Authors: Wachinger Christian , Golland Polina , Magnain Caroline , Fischl Bruce , Reuter Martin 
Published: December 2014

AbstractRegistration performance can significantly deteriorate when image regions do not comply with model assumptions. Robust estimation improves registration accuracy by reducing or ignoring the contribution of voxels with large intensity differences, but existing approaches are limited to monomodal registration. In this work, we propose a robust and inverse‐consistent technique for cross‐modal, affine image registration. The algorithm is derived from a contextual framework of image registration. The key idea is to use a modality invariant representation of images based on local entropy estimation, and to incorporate a heteroskedastic noise model. This noise model allows us to draw the analogy to iteratively reweighted least squares estimation and to leverage existing weighting functions to account for differences in local information content in multimodal registration. Furthermore, we use the nonparametric windows density estimator to reliably calculate entropy of small image patches. Finally, we derive the Gauss–Newton update and show that it is equivalent to the efficient second‐order minimization for the fully symmetric registration approach. We illustrate excellent performance of the proposed methods on datasets containing outliers for alignment of brain tumor, full head, and histology images. Hum Brain Mapp 36:1365–1380, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
In vitroelectromagnetic stimulation to enhance cell proliferation in extracellular matrix constructs with and without metallic nanoparticles
Authors: Grant Daniel N. , Cozad Matthew J. , Grant David A. , White Richard A. , Grant Sheila A. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractExtremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF‐EMFs) can induce beneficial effects including enhanced protein synthesis and cell proliferation on healing bone and skin wounds. This study investigated the effects of ELF‐EMFs on acellular tissue constructs with and without gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to determine if cell proliferation could be increase and thus provide an enhanced mechanism forin vitrocell seeding on tissue engineered constructs. Different sized AuNPs, 20 and 100 nm, were conjugated to acellular porcine tissue, seeded with L929 murine fibroblasts and exposed to a continuous 12 gauss, 60 Hz electromagnetic field for 2 hours each day up to 10 days. Scanning electron microscopy and cell culture assays were performed to ascertain cell proliferation and viability before and after exposure. Results indicate the ELF‐EMF stimulation significantly increased cell proliferation. The presence of AuNPs did not boost the stimulatory effects, but they did demonstrated higher rates of proliferation from day 3 to day 10. In addition, unstimulated 100 nm AuNPs constructs resulted in significant increases in proliferation as compared to unstimulated crosslinked constructs. In conclusion, ELF‐EMF stimulation enhanced cellular proliferation and while the presence of AuNPs did not significantly enhance this effect, AuNPs resulted in increased proliferation rates from day 3 to day 10. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1532–1540, 2015.
A decomposition heuristic for the twin robots scheduling problem
Authors: Boysen Nils , Briskorn Dirk , Emde Simon 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThis article provides an efficient heuristic based on decomposition for the twin robots scheduling problem (TRSP). TRSP concerns two moving robots executing storage and retrieval requests in parallel along a shared pathway. The depots are located at both ends of the line and a dedicated robot is assigned to each of them. While moving goods between their respective depots and some storage locations on the line, noncrossing constraints among robots need to be considered. Our heuristic uses a dynamic programming framework to determine the schedule of one robot while keeping the other one's fixed. It finds near‐optimal solutions even for large problem instances with hundreds of jobs in a short time span. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 62:16–22, 2015
Age‐at‐Death Estimates from a Disarticulated, Fragmented and Commingled Archaeological Battlefield Assemblage
Authors: Brickley M. , Dragomir A.‐M. , Lockau L. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractEstimation of age‐at‐death is an important and challenging part of any investigation of human remains. Extensive research has been undertaken on this subject as demographic information contributes much to bioarchaeological and forensic work. Disarticulated, fragmentary and commingled human remains occur from a wide range of spatial and temporal contexts, and estimation of age‐at‐death can be particularly challenging in these collections. This study evaluated the impact of preservation on techniques that might be applied and their relative utility, using human remains from the site of the Smith's Knoll associated with the Battle of Stoney Creek, a War of 1812 collection from Ontario Canada with some supporting documentary evidence on age‐at‐death. Features assessed were the pubic symphysis, auricular surface and epiphyseal fusion in the innominate. An age‐at‐death estimate was produced for 16 out of 19 individuals considered; the highest minimum number of individuals (MNI) was 24 (right radius) from 2701 identifiable fragments. The pubic symphysis made no contribution to construction of a demographic profile, but as has been suggested previously epiphyseal fusion was useful in this respect. Results demonstrate that previous statements regarding preservation of the auricular surface and its utility in fragmented and poorly preserved collections need to be carefully evaluated. Although 129 fragments of innominate were recorded just one had an auricular surface and post auricular area that could be fully assessed. Transition Analysis was easier to apply than techniques developed previously, and findings from this study suggest that use of the forensic prior distribution could assist in assessment of battlefield assemblages. These results raise some valuable points that need to be considered in any future attempts to improve age‐at‐death estimates using the auricular surface, and important questions regarding expectations for estimation of age‐at‐death in disarticulated, fragmented and commingled collections of human bone. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fragment Velocity Distribution of Cylindrical Rings Under Eccentric Point Initiation
Authors: Huang Guangyan , Li Wei , Feng Shunshan 
Published: December 2014

AbstractA design mode, in which a casing is filled with a charge initiated off‐centre (eccentric point initiation), is common in the field of explosion and structural protection. The fragment velocity distribution along the circumference of the casing is distinctly non‐uniform due to the difference in blast loading around the circumference of the casing. To quantify the fragment velocity distribution, two kinds of cylindrical rings with different structural parameters were adopted. Static explosive experiments with three eccentric coefficients (0, 0.5, 1.0) were conducted with pulsed X‐ray diagnostics. Using coefficients derived from experimental data and calculating the effects of both the eccentricity of initiation and angle around the circumference, an angle‐dependent ratio βθ of charge mass to casing mass has been derived as a mean to modify the fragment velocity formula of Gurney for this application. The derived formula was shown to correctly predict the fragment velocity distribution around the circumference of the cylindrical ring. The calculated velocity distributions show good agreement with the experimental results.