bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of frutalin, an α-D-galactose-specific lectin fromArtocarpus incisaseeds
Authors: Monteiro-Moreira Ana Cristina de Oliveira , D'Muniz Pereira Humberto , Vieira Neto Antonio Eufrasio , Mendes Batista Moreno Frederico Bruno , Duarte Pinto Lobo Marina , Sousa Felipe Domingos de , Moreira Renato de Azevedo 
Published: September 2015

Frutalin is an α-D-galactose-specific carbohydrate-binding glycoprotein with antitumour properties and is a powerful tool for tumour biomarker discovery. The crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of this lectin, which was isolated fromArtocarpus incisaseeds, are reported here. Frutalin was purified and submitted to mass-spectrometric analysis. Diverse masses at approximately 16 kDa were observed in the deconvoluted spectra, which support the presence of isoforms. The best frutalin crystals were grown within a week in 0.1 Mcitric acid pH 3.5 which contained 25% PEG 3350 as a precipitant at 293 K, and diffracted to a maximum resolution of 1.81 Å. The monoclinic crystals belonged to space groupI2, with unit-cell parametersa= 76.17,b = 74.56,c = 118.98 Å, β = 96.56°. A molecular-replacement solution was obtained which indicated the presence of four monomers per asymmetric unit. Crystallographic refinement of the structure is in progress.
Analysis of an improvement programme for MMEs
Authors: Assarlind Marcus 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– Intervention programmes can potentially aid medium-sized manufacturing companies (MMEs) in improvement work that they otherwise would not undertake. The purpose of this paper is to identify intervention programme functions that support MMEs in the adoption of operations improvements.Design/methodology/approach– Empirical material on one programme, Production Leap, was mainly collected through 11 interviews and an internal-to-the-programme two-day workshop. This material was arranged to describe the programme’s design, and subsequently compared with a theoretical framework based on the literature on operations improvements and interventions.Findings– The interventions were divided into phases focusing on management and employees, each of which is seen as key to planning and commitment. Collaborations with labour unions and trade organisations were found to be important for gaining trust among employees and companies.Research limitations/implications– Earlier research has identified critical factors for interventions in companies, which this paper groups into governance, involvement, and change agent approach. This paper demonstrates how a programme may or may not operationalise such factors, as well as identifies further factors.Practical implications– Practitioners and policy makers may use these findings in the design of support for MMEs, including further improvement programmes.Originality/value– Earlier studies on programmes have examined individual companies, while this paper analyses how a programme may be designed to aid MMEs in the adoption of systematic operations improvements.
Three transcription regulators of the Nss family mediate the adaptive response induced by nitrate, nitric oxide or nitrous oxide in Wolinella succinogenes
Authors: Kern Melanie , Simon Jörg 
Published: September 2015

SummarySensing potential nitrogen‐containing respiratory substrates such as nitrate, nitrite, hydroxylamine, nitric oxide (NO) or nitrous oxide (N2O) in the environment and subsequent upregulation of corresponding catabolic enzymes is essential for many microbial cells. The molecular mechanisms of such adaptive responses are, however, highly diverse in different species. Here, induction of periplasmic nitrate reductase (Nap), cytochrome c nitrite reductase (Nrf) and cytochrome c N2O reductase (cNos) was investigated in cells of the Epsilonproteobacterium Wolinella succinogenes grown either by fumarate, nitrate or N2O respiration. Furthermore, fumarate respiration in the presence of various nitrogen compounds or NO‐releasing chemicals was examined. Upregulation of each of the Nap, Nrf and cNos enzyme systems was found in response to the presence of nitrate, NO‐releasers or N2O, and the cells were shown to employ three transcription regulators of the Crp‐Fnr superfamily (homologues of Campylobacter jejuni NssR), designated NssA, NssB and NssC, to mediate the upregulation of Nap, Nrf and cNos. Analysis of single nss mutants revealed that NssA controls production of the Nap and Nrf systems in fumarate‐grown cells, while NssB was required to induce the Nap, Nrf and cNos systems specifically in response to NO‐generators. NssC was indispensable for cNos production under any tested condition. The data indicate dedicated signal transduction routes responsive to nitrate, NO and N2O and imply the presence of an N2O‐sensing mechanism.
Archbishop Grindal 1519–1583: The Struggle for a Reformed Church (1979)
Authors: Fincham Kenneth 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis essay seeks to explain the least celebrated of Patrick Collinson's books. It begins by looking at how it has seemed to be too much under the shadow of its predecessor, The Elizabethan Puritan Movement, and had a little imprudently been preceded by three essays that rather stole its thunder. Too many scholars have wrongly thought what was left was the husk rather than the kernel of Edmund Grindal. So they missed a masterly marriage of deep and informed study of diocesan records with a command of the treacherous currents of ecclesiastical politics in Whitehall and Lambeth. What is more, Collinson offers a long‐sighted account of Grindal's importance for the subsequent history of the Church of England down to the time of Sacheverell Affair (1709–10), and a brilliant analysis of his marginalia in books now in an Oxford Library. The essay suggests that Grindal is made too central and too representative of post‐Reformation evangelical Protestantism, while at the same time the roles of John Jewel, Arthur Lake and others are overlooked, but it commends the book as one of the rare accounts of a public career in the Church in the later sixteenth century. The essay ends by looking at Collinson's continuing passion for seeing the Reformation through the lens of individuals’ lives.
The Birthpangs of Protestant England: Religious and Cultural Change in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (1988)
Authors: Marshall Peter 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThe shortest of Collinson's major works, Birthpangs of Protestant England was published near the mid‐point of his scholarly career, and is a challenging, provocative book which helped set a new research agenda for the English Reformation in its opening assertion that it was ‘something which happened in the reigns of Elizabeth and James I’. In a series of linked essays – ‘The Protestant Nation’, ‘The Protestant Town’, ‘The Protestant Family’, ‘Protestant Culture and the Cultural Revolution’, ‘Wars of Religion’ – Collinson subjected broad and canonical themes in the sociocultural history of the Reformation to penetrating review, and previous scholarship on the subjects to sometimes withering critique. The findings were usually (intentionally) paradoxical, identifying (in a manner characteristic of what was later to be termed post‐revisionism) the deep continuities underlying profound social and cultural change. A chapter where this theme is less evident, arguing for the almost total demise of a rich visual culture within later Protestantism, has stimulated particularly fruitful debate. Birthpangs is also notable for marking an evident turn in Collinson's thinking about puritanism, away from the emphasis on consensus so evident in his earlier work and towards a growing stress on its distinctly divisive potential.
The Religion of Protestants: The Church in English Society, 1559‐1625 (1982)
Authors: Walsham Alexandra 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis essay evaluates Patrick Collinson's Ford Lectures at Oxford in 1979, which were published in revised form as The Religion of Protestants in 1982. It examines his harmonious vision of the ‘institutional equilibrium’ of the Elizabethan and Jacobean Church, alongside its absorption of the values of moderate puritanism and its capacity to accommodate the forms of voluntary religion with which the ‘godly’ supplemented prayer book worship. It assesses the influence of Reformation and early Stuart revisionism on Collinson's thinking and underlines his distaste for William Laud, whom he saw as the architect of the demise of the Grindalian tradition which he revered. It also probes the unreconciled tension between Collinson's insistence on the consensual character of puritanism and his awareness of the latent potential for principled disobedience inherent with in it. The essay concludes with some remarks on Collinson's historical method.
Richard Bancroft and Anti‐Puritanism (2012)
Authors: Morrill John 
Published: September 2015

AbstractThis essay begins by exploring the difficult personal circumstances in which Pat Collinson completed his final book – suffering from cancer, far from Cambridge and with his private library largely dispersed. It examines how this return to the sources he had pondered for half a century allowed him to make one last effort to get inside the minds of the godly ministers and laymen whose struggle for the soul of the Church of England he had so long admired and struggled to understand. Now he explored them through a study of their close encounters with and battles against their greatest opponent within the Church's establishment, Richard Bancroft, in sequence chaplain to the Lord Chancellor, then bishop of London, and (from 1604) archbishop of Canterbury. It explores Bancroft's obsession (his ‘Moby Dick’) with a supposed conspiracy of international Calvinism to take over Great Britain. The essay explores Collinson's empathy with Bancroft's puritan opponents and lack of empathy with his Catholic enemies, and concludes by finding much to admire in the heroic engagement with treacherous evidence that often misleads as to its completeness.
The Reformation (2003); or, Religious Change in Early Modern Europe from a Safe Distance
Authors: Greengrass Mark 
Published: September 2015

AbstractPatrick Collinson's The Reformation (2003) was written for the audience of a new century, where a Christian heritage in which the Reformation necessarily mattered could not be taken as read. This essay explores how Collinson sought to present the Reformation as a single entity, with a Weberian emphasis on Luther as a charismatic intervention in history at its starting point. He establishes a relationship of distance between the Reformation and modernity by incorporating the historiography of the subject into our understanding of it. He also underlines the inner dynamic of relationships between ideas and the cultural and material landscape in which they took root and had meaning. It is not surprising, perhaps, given the focus of his scholarship, that it should emphasize a British exceptionalism. More surprising is how it fails to come to terms with the radical divisiveness, violence and destructiveness of the Reformation experience.
Comparison of Multiple Hazard Rate Functions
Authors: Chen Zhongxue , Huang Hanwen , Qiu Peihua 
Published: September 2015

Summary
Many robust tests have been proposed in the literature to compare two hazard rate functions, however, very few of them can be used in cases when there are multiple hazard rate functions to be compared. In this article, we propose an approach for detecting the difference among multiple hazard rate functions. Through a simulation study and a real-data application, we show that the new method is robust and powerful in many situations, compared with some commonly used tests.
Indoor cold exposure and nocturia: a cross‐sectional analysis of the HEIJO‐KYO study
Authors: Saeki Keigo , Obayashi Kenji , Kurumatani Norio 
Published: September 2015

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between indoor cold exposure and the prevalence of nocturia in an elderly population.Subjects and MethodsThe temperature in the living rooms and bedrooms of 1 065 home‐dwelling elderly volunteers (aged ≥60 years) was measured for 48 h. Nocturia (≥2 voids per night) and nocturnal urine production were determined using a urination diary and nocturnal urine collection, respectively.ResultsThe mean ± sd age of participants was 71.9 ± 7.1 years, and the prevalence of nocturia was 30.8%. A 1 °C decrease in daytime indoor temperature was associated with a higher odds ratio (OR) for nocturia (1.075, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.026–1.126; P = 0.002), independently of outdoor temperature and other potential confounders such as basic characteristics (age, gender, body mass index, alcohol intake, smoking), comorbidities (diabetes, renal dysfunction), medications (calcium channel blocker, diuretics, sleeping pills), socio‐economic status (education, household income), night‐time dipping of ambulatory blood pressure, daytime physical activity, objectively measured sleep efficiency, and urinary 6‐sulphatoxymelatonin excretion. The association remained significant after adjustment for nocturnal urine production rate (OR 1.095 [95% CI 1.042–1.150]; P < 0.001).ConclusionsIndoor cold exposure during the daytime was independently associated with nocturia among elderly participants. The explanation for this association may be cold‐induced detrusor overactivity. The prevalence of nocturia could be reduced by modification of the indoor thermal environment.
Impact of intraoperative microperfusion assessment with Pinpoint Perfusion Imaging on surgical management of laparoscopic low rectal and anorectal anastomoses
Authors: Gröne J. , Koch D. , Kreis M. E. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractAimInadequate intestinal blood flow may contribute to anastomotic leakage accounting for substantial morbidity and mortality in colorectal surgery. Precise intraoperative assessment of microperfusion may have an impact on the surgeon0s intraoperative management and leakage rate.MethodIn this single center observational study we implemented and integrated intraoperative indocyanin green (ICG) based microperfusion assessment of anastomosis with Pinpoint Perfusion Imaging in a series of consecutive rectal cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic anterior and lower anterior resection with primary anastomosis during a 5‐months period.ResultsWe could demonstrate the feasibility and safety of intraoperative fluorescence angiography for colorectal microperfusion assessment. Technology implementation was immediately successful. No adverse effects have been documented related to fluorescent dye. Microperfusion angiography of the colon succeeded in all cases and assessment of perfusion imaging influenced surgical decision making in 28% of the patients, of which all patients showed primary healing of the anastomosis. We found a leakage rate of 6% with one leakage of a coloanal anastomosis in all patients.ConclusionFluorescence angiography is an accurate tool for assessing microperfusion and is most likely associated with improved outcomes with regard to anastomotic healing.
Using otolith microchemistry to reconstruct habitat use ofAmerican eelsAnguilla rostratain theSt.LawrenceRiver–LakeOntario system
Authors: Benchetrit José , Béguer‐Pon Mélanie , Sirois Pascal , Castonguay Martin , Fitzsimons John , Dodson Julian J. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCatadromy among freshwater eels is increasingly recognised as being facultative, with some individuals carrying out growth exclusively in brackish or coastal marine waters, or switching between brackish or marine waters and freshwater habitats. In an attempt to reconstruct habitat use of yellow‐stage American eels in a large river‐lake ecosystem, trace element line scans were obtained, usingLA‐ICP‐MS, from the otoliths of 110 eels sampled at various locations throughout the St. Lawrence River–Lake Ontario (SLRLO) system. Elemental profiles for strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), manganese (Mn) and magnesium (Mg) enabled us to distinguish three chemical signatures that appear to represent three distinct habitats within theSLRLO. Of these, one was shown to likely correspond to the brackish estuary (high strontium values). The other two signatures, characterised by low strontium but variable concentrations of barium and manganese, may correspond to habitats within the main‐stem St. Lawrence River and one or more of its tributaries. Most (78%) of the switches among habitats occurred within the first four years after recruitment suggesting an increasing likelihood for eels to maintain residence in one habitat as they grow older. This suggests that tributaries may provide important habitats for American eels during the first several years after recruiting to theSLRLO. In addition, our results suggest that a small proportion American eels in theSLRLOcan undertake movements on the order of at least 200 km during the early growth stage. This information has important implications for the management and conservation of this species in the system.
Should we call them fishers or fishermen?
Authors: Branch Trevor A , Kleiber Danika 
Published: September 2015

Abstract‘Fishermen’ and the gender‐neutral ‘fishers’ are the most common terms used to describe people who fish in the English language. However, there is a considerable debate as to which term is most appropriate. In academic journals, usage of ‘fishers’ for people who fish began in the 1960s and increased over time, until in 2013 and 2014 ‘fishers’ first exceeded usage of ‘fishermen’, despite being labelled ‘archaic’ in the Oxford English Dictionary. In journal searches ‘fishermen’ unambiguously referred to people who fish, but ‘fishers’ also referred to R.A. Fisher's statistical tests (22%), the mammal, Pekania pennanti (5%), and other terms. Journal policies have played a role in the shift to ‘fishers’: e.g. Conservation Biology requires the use of ‘fishers’ while Fishery Bulletin requires ‘fishermen’. Partly as a result, in academia there are disciplinary and geographic variations, with greatest usage of ‘fishers’ in the field of conservation biology and in Australia. Surprisingly, word choice did not differ by the gender of the lead author. Many other languages also have gender‐neutral terms for people who fish (e.g. Austronesian and Turkic languages), yet the word is still assumed to refer to men. While the gender‐neutral term ‘fisher’ is more inclusive it is far from universally accepted, particularly by women and men in the North American fishing industry. The current shift towards the more inclusive term ‘fishers’ highlights the increasing disciplinary diversity within fisheries science, particularly in terms of gender.
Factors Governing the Impact of Emerged Salt Diapirs on Water Resources
Authors: Zarei M. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractSalt diapirs in southern Iran are typically in contact with karstic and alluvial aquifers and consequently they are the most likely sources of groundwater salinization in this arid region. However, there are some salt diapirs that have no significant degradation effect on adjacent aquifers. Assessments of 62 of 122 Iranian‐emerged salt diapirs based on geological, geomorphological, hydrogeological, and hydrochemical investigations indicated that 45% of the studied salt diapirs did not have a negative impact on surrounding water resources, whereas 55% of the salt diapirs have degraded water quality of adjacent aquifers. The impacts ranged from low‐ to high‐grade salinization. We characterize here four major factors that control the impact of salt diapirs on surrounding water resources: (1) the evolutionary stage of the diapir, (2) the geological and (3) hydrogeological setting of the diapir, and (4) human activities. Identification of the major factors governing the influence of salt diapirs on the adjacent aquifers is necessary to understand the mechanism of salt diapir impact on adjacent aquifers, and subsequently to decide how to mitigate the deteriorating effect of the diapirs on the surrounding water resources.
Instrument assisted diagnostics – biometry, topography and wave‐front analysis
Authors: Eppig T. , Spira C. , Seitz B. , Szentmáry N. , Langenbucher A. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryPatient selection and planning implantation of a toric intraocular lens requires sophisticated measurement of ocular biometry in order to facilitate a valid calculation of the implant. Biometric measurements such as videokeratometry or corneal tomography, may also assist in qualifying patients for toric lens implantation, e.g. detecting keratoconus, pellucide marginal degeneration or other contraindications. Keratometers mostly provide simulated keratometry values, which do not always reflect the amount of the regular astigmatism that could be corrected by a toric intraocular lens. Therefore, it is mandatory to differentiate between regular and irregular components of corneal astigmatism. Axial length measurements require additional attention, especially when using ultrasound biometry. Wave‐front analysis may advance assessment of centration and rotation errors of toric implants.
Indications, patient selection, pre‐ and postoperative patient care
Authors:  Szentmary N. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryFirst we discuss different principle options of correction for corneal astigmatism, e.g. posterior chamber IOLs, phakic IOLs, and add‐on IOLs. Major indication and inclusion/exclusion criteria for patients are shown and an overview on actual toric lenses with technical specifications and correction range are provided. Thereafter, we focus especially on toric intraocular lens implantation following penetrating keratoplasty. We summarize how to counsel patients about treatment options, preoperative and postoperative care and how to prepare the eye for the surgery. At the end, the postoperative care, evaluation and management of complications are discussed.
Intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) in toric IOL implantation
Authors: Wylegala E. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryThe effectiveness of the correction of astigmatism depends on the accuracy of the IOL position in the lens capsule. Removal of viscoelastic from the bag and the right IOL centration have a direct impact on the effectiveness of this IOL. Intraoperative use of OCT in real time (RESCAN 700 Zeiss) allows the evaluation of IOL in the bag position. iOCT plays role in the estimation of the distance from the posterior capsule of the lens. The use of iOCT allows to achieve an improved surgical results in patients with cataract and coexisting astigmatism.
Basis of eyelid reconstruction after tumor resection
Authors: Briscoe D. 
Published: September 2015

SummaryEyelid reconstruction following tumour excision should be performed with two main goals in mind: the restoration of normal eyelid function, and a good cosmetic result. Strict observance of several surgical principles will ensure achieving those goals. These include, providing stable eyelid margins, reconstruction of the missing layers, including skin muscle and conjunctiva, and solid support between the outer and inner layer. The choice of which type of reconstruction to perform should be considered carefully bearing in mind the visual status of the contralateral eye, the extent of the defect, and the age, health and mobility of the patient. Surgery should be performed using operating loops, a good light source, and in conditions of minimal bleeding. Good surgical reconstruction allows restoration of excellent visual function and a happy, comfortable patient.