bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of OR Staffing and Postoperative Patient Outcomes
Authors: Talsma AkkeNeel , Anderson Christine , Geun HyoGeun , Guo Ying , Campbell Darrell A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this cross‐sectional cohort study was to evaluate the relationship between the number of OR personnel involved in a surgery and subsequent postoperative outcomes. We collected data from a sample of general surgery patients (N = 911) by using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project processes. Data obtained from electronic medical records about the number of different personnel involved in the surgeries were used to create total OR staffing and nurse staffing variables for each surgery. Two associations approached statistical significance after we controlled for significant risk factors, including OR duration. A higher number of total nursing personnel involved in a surgical procedure was associated with any postoperative complication at the P = .095 level. A higher number of total OR personnel was associated with surgical site infections at the P = .057 level. We recommend further evaluation of these measures in multiple hospital settings.
Indication of ICD in Brugada syndrome
Authors: Shimizu Akihiko 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWithout question, implantable cardioverter–defibrillators (ICDs) are required in symptomatic Brugada patients with an aborted sudden cardiac death and/or documented ventricular fibrillation (VF) for the so‐called secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death, even if there is a possibility of complications and inappropriate shocks.On the other hand, it is difficult to identify high‐risk patients requiring ICD placement among the Brugada syndrome patients with syncope and those asymptomatic. The incidence of de novo VF in asymptomatic patients with Brugada syndrome is very low. However, the cardiac events caused by this syndrome are very serious and lethal.Currently, a spontaneous type 1 ECG and the presence of at least two multiparametric risk factors, including syncope, a family history, and a positive electrophysiological (EP) study, are the only criteria used to correctly identify patients requiring ICD placement (Class IIa in the Japanese guidelines).Further investigation and the observation of the long‐term prognosis in asymptomatic Brugada syndrome patients are necessary to define criteria for accurately identifying high‐risk patients.
Is head injury characteristic of arrhythmic syncope?
Authors: Furukawa Toshiyuki , Hachiya Hitoshi , Isobe Mitsuaki , Hirao Kenzo 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundOf the syncope types, arrhythmic syncope is the most life threatening and therefore requires proper treatment. However, the clinical predictors of arrhythmic syncope remain unknown. Some patients with syncope suffer from head injury, a serious side effect whose importance in the differential diagnosis of syncope has not been fully studied. Here, we attempted to identify the clinical characteristics of arrhythmic syncope, including the role played by head injuries.MethodsWe studied inpatients referred to the cardiology section for the diagnosis and treatment of syncope. Clinical characteristics including age, sex, incidence of head injury during syncope, and cardiologic studies were evaluated in patients with arrhythmic and non‐arrhythmic syncope.ResultsOf 5590 inpatients, 273 (4.8%) (170 men; mean age, 61±17 years) suffered a syncopal episode before admission, 119 (43%) of whom were diagnosed with arrhythmic syncope and 30 (11%) of whom were undiagnosed. In multivariate analysis, age >65 years (65% vs. 42%, p<0.005), abnormal electrocardiogram (66% vs. 43%, p<0.01), and the presence of a head injury (31% vs. 16%, p<0.01) were more prevalent in patients with arrhythmic syncope than in patients with non‐arrhythmic syncope.ConclusionsPatients with arrhythmic syncope were older, suffered collateral head injuries more frequently, and were more likely to have abnormal electrocardiograms than patients with non‐arrhythmic syncope did.
Integrated care: a proposal for a European research agenda
Authors: Schrijvers Guus 
Published: January 2013

Summary
Since 1999 concepts, theories and empirical research on integrated care came up in the research world. Their main applications were related to chronic patients and elderly. Emergency care and oncological care were less investigated from an integrated care perspective. Now at least four research questions are unanswered. They relate to payment systems, disease management versus care for the elderly, organizational structures versus networks and implementation on national level. These four questions are suggested as components for a European research agenda.
Entwicklung und Evaluation von Disease-Management- Programmen in Deutschland
Authors: Miksch Antje , Szecsenyi Joachim 
Published: January 2013

Einleitung
Ausgehend von einer bestehenden Über-, Unter und Fehlversorgung wurden seit 2003 Disease-Management-Programme (DMP) als arztbasierte strukturierte Behandlungsprogramme für bestimmte Indikationen eingeführt. Ziele der Programme sind die Strukturierung und Qualitätssicherung der Versorgung, die Umsetzung evidenzbasierter Medizin, die Schulung von Patienten und Leistungserbringern sowie die standardisierte Dokumentation. In diesem Beitrag werden der Umsetzungsstand sowie ausgewählte Ergebnisse der gesetzlichen Evaluation und der Begleitforschung dargestellt.
Otolith Microstructure during the Early Life-History Stages of Brown Trout: Validation and Interpretation
Authors: Dodson Julian J. , Sirois Pascal , Daigle Gaétan , Gaudin Philippe , Bardonnet Agnès 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
We examined the extent to which otolith microstructure provides an accurate estimate of age, growth, and early life history transitions during the period between hatching and 1 week after emergence in Brown Trout Salmo trutta exposed to natural variations in ambient water temperature. All fry analyzed possessed a prominent check on the observed date of hatching. After hatching, daily growth increments were visible on sagittal otoliths. There was no evidence for the formation of an emergence check mark and no statistically significant evidence that emergence and daily temperature fluctuations interacted to form check marks. However, daily temperature fluctuations may influence the formation of check marks, largely based on an observed increase in the proportion of fish possessing checks on the days following the two largest temperature fluctuations observed during the experiment. There was no evidence that feeding or stressing emergent fish contributed to the formation of an emergence check mark. The observed proportionality of somatic and otolith growth in conjunction with daily growth increments and the formation of a prominent hatch mark provides the opportunity to back-calculate somatic length distributions and to document the hatching, dispersal, growth, and survival of the early life history stages of Brown Trout in nature.
Received May 3, 2012; accepted October 29, 2012
Cigarette Smoking and Measures of Impulsivity in a College Sample
Authors: Balevich Emily C. , Wein Naftali D. , Flory Janine D. 
Published: January 2013

Background An association between impulsivity and smoking has been consistently reported in the literature, but few studies have examined how distinct dimensions of impulsivity may relate differentially to smoking initiation versus persistent smoking. The aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between self-report and behavioral measures of impulsivity and smoking status in college students. Methods Participants ( N = 243) completed a self-report history of tobacco use, 2 self-report measures of impulsivity (the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking Scale), and 2 behavioral measures (the Delay Discounting Task and Iowa Gambling Task). All participants were classified as never-smokers, triers, or smokers based on their smoking history, and between-group differences on the 4 measures were examined. Results On the self-report measures, all 3 groups differed on sensation seeking, with the never-smokers reporting the lowest levels and the smokers reporting the highest. Furthermore, the smokers reported significantly higher disinhibitory impulsivity than the triers and never-smokers. The groups did not differ on the behavioral measures. Conclusions These results indicate that distinct dimensions of impulsivity characterize different smoking phenotypes. In particular, sensation seeking is associated with the initiation of smoking, whereas disinhibitory impulsivity is associated with the transition to more persistent and regular use of cigarettes.
Grappling with the Legacy of Modernity: Implications for the Sociology of Religion
Authors: Vásquez Manuel A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractThis chapter shows how taken-for-granted assumptions about modernity are embedded in our understandings of religion, and what we learn about religion and modernity by bringing those taken-for-granted assumptions to the fore. After excavating the modernist biases that have vitiated the social sciences' approach to religion, it concludes by presenting a more embedded, relational, embodied, and polyvalent understanding of subjectivity that can help reorient the sociology of religion along more fruitful lines.
Graphlet-based measures are suitable for biological network comparison
Authors: Hayes Wayne , Sun Kai , Pržulj Nataša 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Large amounts of biological network data exist for many species. Analogous to sequence comparison, network comparison aims to provide biological insight. Graphlet-based methods are proving to be useful in this respect. Recently some doubt has arisen concerning the applicability of graphlet-based measures to low edge density networks—in particular that the methods are ‘unstable’—and further that no existing network model matches the structure found in real biological networks.
Results: We demonstrate that it is the model networks themselves that are ‘unstable’ at low edge density and that graphlet-based measures correctly reflect this instability. Furthermore, while model network topology is unstable at low edge density, biological network topology is stable. In particular, one must distinguish between average density and local density. While model networks of low average edge densities also have low local edge density, that is not the case with protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks: real PPI networks have low average edge density, but high local edge densities, and hence, they (and thus graphlet-based measures) are stable on these networks. Finally, we use a recently devised non-parametric statistical test to demonstrate that PPI networks of many species are well-fit by several models not previously tested. In addition, we model several viral PPI networks for the first time and demonstrate an exceptionally good fit between the data and theoretical models.
Contact: natasha@imperial.ac.uk
Bellman’s GAP—a language and compiler for dynamic programming in sequence analysis
Authors: Sauthoff Georg , Möhl Mathias , Janssen Stefan , Giegerich Robert 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Motivation: Dynamic programming is ubiquitous in bioinformatics. Developing and implementing non-trivial dynamic programming algorithms is often error prone and tedious. Bellman’s GAP is a new programming system, designed to ease the development of bioinformatics tools based on the dynamic programming technique.
Results: In Bellman’s GAP, dynamic programming algorithms are described in a declarative style by tree grammars, evaluation algebras and products formed thereof. This bypasses the design of explicit dynamic programming recurrences and yields programs that are free of subscript errors, modular and easy to modify. The declarative modules are compiled into C++ code that is competitive to carefully hand-crafted implementations.
This article introduces the Bellman’s GAP system and its language, GAP-L. It then demonstrates the ease of development and the degree of re-use by creating variants of two common bioinformatics algorithms. Finally, it evaluates Bellman’s GAP as an implementation platform of ‘real-world’ bioinformatics tools.
Availability: Bellman’s GAP is available under GPL license from http://bibiserv.cebitec.uni-bielefeld.de/bellmansgap. This Web site includes a repository of re-usable modules for RNA folding based on thermodynamics.
Contact: robert@techfak.uni-bielefeld.de
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online
Effect of oral digoxin in high‐risk heart failure patients: a pre‐specified subgroup analysis of the DIG trial
Authors: Gheorghiade Mihai , Patel Kanan , Filippatos Gerasimos , Anker Stefan D. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Cleland John G.F. , Metra Marco , Aban Inmaculada B. , Greene Stephen J. , Adams Kirkwood F. , McMurray John J.V. , Ahmed Ali 
Published: January 2013

AimsIn the Digitalis Investigation Group (DIG) trial, digoxin reduced mortality or hospitalization due to heart failure (HF) in several pre‐specified high‐risk subgroups of HF patients, but data on protocol‐specified 2‐year outcomes were not presented. In the current study, we examined the effect of digoxin on HF death or HF hospitalization and all‐cause death or all‐cause hospitalization in high‐risk subgroups during the protocol‐specified 2 years of post‐randomization follow‐up.Methods and resultsIn the DIG trial, 6800 ambulatory patients with chronic HF, normal sinus rhythm, and LVEF ≤45% (mean age 64 years, 26% women, 17% non‐whites) were randomized to receive digoxin or placebo. The three high‐risk groups were defined as NYHA class III–IV symptoms (n = 2223), LVEF <25% (n = 2256), and cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) >55% (n = 2345). In all three high‐risk subgroups, compared with patients in the placebo group, those in the digoxin group had a significant reduction in the risk of the 2‐year composite endpoint of HF mortality or HF hospitalization: NYHA III–IV [hazard ratio (HR) 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.57–0.75; P < 0.001], LVEF <25% (HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.53–0.71; P < 0.001), and CTR >55% (HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.57–0.75; P < 0.001). Digoxin‐associated HRs (95% CI) for 2‐year all‐cause mortality or all‐cause hospitalization for subgroups with NYHA III–IV, LVEF <25%, and CTR >55% were 0.88 (0.80–0.97; P = 0.012), 0.84 (0.76–0.93; P = 0.001), and 0.85 (0.77–0.94; P = 0.002), respectively.ConclusionsDigoxin improves outcomes in chronic HF patients with NYHA class III–IV, LVEF <25%, or CTR >55%, and should be considered in these patients.
Two decades of annual landed and discarded catches of three southern Gulf of St Lawrence skate species estimated under multiple sources of uncertainty
Authors: Benoît Hugues P. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract
Benoît, H. P. 2013. Two decades of annual landed and discarded catches of three southern Gulf of St Lawrence skate species estimated under multiple sources of uncertainty. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 554–563. Estimating fishery impacts on commercially unimportant species is often hindered by limited and possibly biased data for landed and discarded catch, and poor information on discard mortality. The three skate (family Rajidae) species occurring in southern Gulf of St Lawrence (Canada) exemplify this problem. Assessing the contribution of fishing to important declines in their adult abundance has been complicated by catch data that are not disaggregated by species, concerns about the reliability of discard amounts estimated from fisheries observer surveys, and unknown discard mortality rates. An approach is presented for producing annual estimates of landed and discarded catch, as well as discard mortality rates, for the three species for the period 1991–2011. The approach used data from landing statistics and from observer surveys, and models for disaggregating mixed fishery catches into their constituent species and for estimating minimum discard mortalities. Bootstrapping was used to propagate errors associated with different components of the estimation process. The estimation was partly validated by comparing recorded landings with landings estimated from fisheries observer surveys. This paper demonstrates how multiple sources of uncertainty in discard loss estimation can be addressed by dividing the estimation process into linked components that can be individually addressed and ideally validated.
Treatment with Carbon Monoxide-releasing Molecules and an HO-1 Inducer Enhances the Effects and Expression of µ-Opioid Receptors during Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Hervera Arnau , Leánez Sergi , Motterlini Roberto , Pol Olga 
Published: January 2013

Abstract

Background:
The administration of µ-opioid receptors (MOR) and δ-opioid receptors (DOR) as well as cannabinoid-2 receptor (CB2R) agonists attenuates neuropathic pain. We investigated if treatment with two carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORM-2 and CORM-3) or an inducible heme oxygenase inducer (cobalt protoporphyrin IX, CoPP) could modulate the local and systemic effects and expression of MOR, DOR, and CB2R during neuropathic pain.

Methods:
In C57BL/6 mice, at 10 days after the chronic constriction of sciatic nerve, we evaluated the effects of the intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg of CORM-2, CORM-3, or CoPP on the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic actions of a locally or systemically administered MOR (morphine), DOR ([d-Pen(2),d-Pen(5)]-enkephalin) or CB2R ((2-methyl-1-propyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-naphthalenylmethanone ) agonist. The effects of CORM-2 and CoPP treatments on the expression of MOR, DOR, CB2R, inducible and constitutive heme oxygenases, microglia activation marker (CD11b/c), and neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthases were also assessed.

Results:
Treatments with CO-RMs and CoPP reduced the mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity induced by sciatic nerve injury, increased the local, but not systemic, antinociceptive effects of morphine, and decreased those produced by DPDPE and JWH-015. Both CORM-2 and CoPP treatments enhanced MOR and inducible heme oxygenase expression, unaltered DOR and constitutive heme oxygenase expression, and decreased the overexpression of CB2R, CD11b/c, and neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthases induced by sciatic nerve injury.

Conclusions:
This study shows that CO-RMs and CoPP treatments increase the local antinociceptive effects of morphine through enhancing MOR peripheral expression and inhibiting spinal microglial activation and overexpression of neuronal/inducible nitric oxide synthases.
MORE SPIKELETS1Is Required for Spikelet Fate in the Inflorescence of Brachypodium
Authors: Derbyshire Paul , Byrne Mary E. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractGrasses produce florets on a structure called a spikelet, and variation in the number and arrangement of both branches and spikelets contributes to the great diversity of grass inflorescence architecture. In Brachypodium (Brachypodium distachyon), the inflorescence is an unbranched spike with a terminal spikelet and a limited number of lateral spikelets. Spikelets are indeterminate and give rise to a variable number of florets. Here, we provide a detailed description of the stages of inflorescence development in Brachypodium. To gain insight into the genetic regulation of Brachypodium inflorescence development, we generated fast neutron mutant populations and screened for phenotypic mutants. Among the mutants identified, the more spikelets1 (mos1) mutant had an increased number of axillary meristems produced from inflorescence meristem compared with the wild type. These axillary meristems developed as branches with production of higher order spikelets. Using a candidate gene approach, mos1 was found to have a genomic rearrangement disrupting the expression of an ethylene response factor class of APETALA2 transcription factor related to the spikelet meristem identity genes branched silkless1 (bd1) in maize (Zea mays) and FRIZZY PANICLE (FZP) in rice (Oryza sativa). We propose MOS1 likely corresponds to the Brachypodium bd1 and FZP ortholog and that the function of this gene in determining spikelet meristem fate is conserved with distantly related grass species. However, MOS1 also appears to be involved in the timing of initiation of the terminal spikelet. As such, MOS1 may regulate the transition to terminal spikelet development in other closely related and agriculturally important species, particularly wheat (Triticum aestivum).
Rotation and generation of mental imagery in children with specific language impairment
Authors: Guarnera Maria , Commodari Elena , Peluso Cristina 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimTo investigate the relationship between mental imagery and specific language impairment (SLI) and explore the assumption that children with SLI are less able to generate mental images and/or convert them, when compared to typical development (TD) children of the same age.MethodsTwenty‐four children, aged six to eight, took part in two tests to see how well they generated and rotated mental images. The participants were 12 SLI children (six boys and six girls) and 12 TD children (six boys and six girls), matched by age and gender.ResultsThe statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups when it came to generating mental imagery. However, there were no significant differences with regard to rotating mental imagery.ConclusionThe results suggest imagery deficit in language‐impaired children is not caused by mental rotation, but by other aspects of image processing, such as generation, maintenance and interpretation of visual images.
A Novel Approach to Active Compounds Identification Based on Support Vector Regression Model and Mean Impact Value
Authors: Jiang Jian‐Lan , Su Xin , Zhang Huan , Zhang Xiao‐Hang , Yuan Ying‐Jin 
Published: January 2013

Traditionally, active compounds were discovered from natural product extracts by bioassay‐guided fractionation, which was with high cost and low efficiency. A well‐trained support vector regression model based on mean impact value was used to identify lead active compounds on inhibiting the proliferation of the HeLa cells in curcuminoids from Curcuma longa L. Eight constituents possessing the high absolute mean impact value were identified to have significant cytotoxicity, and the cytotoxic effect of these constituents was partly confirmed by subsequent MTT (3‐(4, 5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays and previous reports. In the dosage range of 0.2–211.2, 0.1–140.2, 0.2–149.9 μm, 50% inhibiting concentrations (IC50) of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin were 26.99 ± 1.11, 19.90 ± 1.22, and 35.51 ± 7.29 μm, respectively. It was demonstrated that our method could successfully identify lead active compounds in curcuminoids from Curcuma longa L. prior to bioassay‐guided separation. The use of a support vector regression model combined with mean impact value analysis could provide an efficient and economical approach for drug discovery from natural products.