bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Model for Analyzing the Default Risk of Non-Profit Financial Intermediation
Authors: Kang Chien-Min , Lin Sin-Jin , Lin Lin 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This study proposed a novel hybrid artificial intelligence (HAI) model that integrated the unique advantages of the synthetic minority over-sampling technique with borderline schema (Borderline-SMOTE), fuzzy rough set theory (FRST), and support vector machine (SVM), in order to predict the default probability of non-profit financial institutes (credit unions) under an imbalanced data structure. We utilized Borderline-SMOTE to overcome the class imbalance problem and employ FRST to select the important features of credit unions, feeding these representative characteristics into SVM to construct the risk assessment model. The result showed that no specific risk assessment model presented the best performance under different criteria and dissimilar environment factors. Thus, we handled model selection through a statistical examination that systematically determined a more appropriate one. The study further tackled the obscure nature of the SVM-based hybrid model and generated interpretable rules, which helped develop an interactive rule format so that decision makers can use condition attributes to predict the status of credit unions, as well as to follow the model's directions to improve their organization's capital structure. Finally, the study compared the ex-ante and ex-post decision rules established in relation to the 2007–2008 global financial crisis. The comparison could be useful for central bank governors in assessing policy implications and in formulating future policy that will ensure stability in a credit union environment.
Analysis for the Relationship Between Concentrations of Air Pollutants and Meteorological Parameters in Xi'an, China
Authors: Gao Chanjuan , Deng Shunxi , Jiang Xue , Guo Yansheng 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The current study was based on annual ambient air quality monitoring data and corresponding meteorological observation data of Xi'an in 2011. Distribution models on hourly concentrations of PM10, SO2, and NO2 were studied, and the results showed that statistical distribution functions varied from seasons and from pollutants. The optimal distribution models of PM10 concentrations in the four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) were generalized extreme value distribution (GEVD), Weibull, Weibull, and GEVD, respectively; those of SO2 were lognormal, log-logistic, log-logistic, and GEVD, respectively; and those of NO2 were Weibull, lognormal, GEVD, and GEVD, respectively. The concentrations ranges were 0.03 ∼ 0.20 mg/m3 for PM10, 0.008 ∼ 0.17 mg/m3 for SO2, and 0.01 ∼ 0.12 mg/m3 for NO2, and the probabilities of concentrations in the ranges for accordingly pollutants were up to 85 %. Effects of the meteorological parameters on concentrations of PM10, SO2, and NO2 were studied with linear correlation analysis method for Xi'an city. The results indicated that pollutant concentrations had a negative correlation with wind speed, temperature, and mixing height (MH), whereas it had a positive correlation with atmospheric pressure and atmospheric stability. Both temperature and atmospheric pressure were the most obvious correlation with SO2 concentration with r value of −0.7916 and 0.7032, respectively. Wind speed and MH had the most obvious correlation with NO2 concentration with r value of −0.4423 and −0.3997, respectively. SO2 had the best correlation with meteorological parameters. Analyzing the statistical characteristics of urban air pollution concentration and their relationships with meteorological parameters are of great importance to study urban air pollution problems and corresponding prevention measure.
Operation of PV System With dc–dc Boost-Fed Shunt Active Filter to Mitigate Current Harmonics and Energy Conservation
Authors: Ravi V. , Vijayakumar G. , Karthikeyan C. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
A three-phase four-wire shunt active filter (SAF) with photovoltaic (PV) array operated dc–dc converter is proposed in this paper. When the PV system generates excessive or equal power required to the load demand, then the coordinating logic disconnects the service grid from the load and reduces panel tariff. The PV array is connected to the dc side of SAF through the dc–dc converter with fuzzy-based perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power-point tracking (MPPT) algorithm to eliminate the drawback in the conventional PV system. The reference currents extracted by the fuzzy logic controller-based p-q control strategy. This proposed PV-SAF, if connected at the terminals of a small industry or a home, or a small, lighted institution, can avoid the use of an interruptible power supply and individual stabilizer. A MATLAB simulink is presented to validate the advantage of the proposed system.
Selection of the Most Significant Variables of Air Pollutants Using Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Azid Azman , Juahir Hafizan , Toriman Mohd Ekhwan , Endut Azizah , Abdul Rahman Mohd Nordin , Amri Kamarudin Mohd Khairul , Latif Mohd Talib , Mohd Saudi Ahmad Shakir , Che Hasnam Che Noraini , Yunus Kamaruzzaman 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the most significant parameters for the air-pollutant index (API) prediction in Malaysia using data covering a 7-year period (2006–2012) obtained from the Malaysian Department of Environment (DOE). The sensitivity analysis method coupled with the artificial neural network (ANN) was applied. Nine models (ANN-API-AP, ANN-API-LCO, ANN-API-LO3, ANN-API-LPM10, ANN-API-LSO2, ANN-API-LNO2, ANN-API-LCH4, ANN-API-LNmHC and ANN-API-LTHC) were carried out in the sensitivity analysis test. From the findings, PM10 and CO were identified as the most significant parameters in Malaysia. Three artificial neural network models (ANN-API-AP, ANN-API-LO, and ANN-API-DOE) were compared based on the performance criterion [R2, root-mean-square error (RMSE), and squared sum of all errors (SSE)] for the best prediction model selection. The ANN-API-AP, ANN-API-LO, and ANN-API-DOE models have R2 values of 0.733, 0.578, and 0.742, respectively; RMSE values of 8.689, 10.858, and 8.357, respectively; SSE values of 762,767.22, 1,191,280.60, and 705,600.05, respectively. The findings exhibit the ANN-API-LO model has a lower value in R2 and higher values in RMSE and SSE than others. ANN-API-LO model was considered as the best model of prediction because of fewer variables was utilized as input and far less complex than others. Hence, the use of fewer parameters of the API prediction has been highly practicable for air resource management because of its time and cost efficiency.
Concrete Stress Intensity Factor Evaluation With a Digital Image Correlation Approach
Authors: Dai Shuhong , Dai Liming , Pan Yishan , Liu Xiaoli 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
A method for determining mode I and mixed-mode I-II stress intensity factors of concrete material was developed in this research on the basis of the displacement fields obtained through a digital image correlation (DIC) approach. Single-edge notched (SEN) concrete beams subjected to three points bending and four points shearing exertions were implemented for conducting the experiments to evaluate the mode I and mixed-mode I-II fracture propagations. The dynamically varying displacement fields around the crack tip are determined by the DIC approach corresponding to the crack propagation. The instant positions of the crack tip and the corresponding stress intensity factors were determined with utilization of the displacement fields around the crack tip. The results of the research showed that the mode I and mixed-mode I-II stress intensity factors and crack tip positions of concrete materials can be accurately and effectively determined with the method developed. More significantly, the displacement field and the fracture parameters of the concert material can all be quantitatively determined for any instance corresponding to the processes of the crack propagations.
Robust Test of the Flatbed Scanner for Air-Void Characterization in Hardened Concrete
Authors: Peterson Karl W. , Anzalone Gerald C. , Nezami Sona , Oh Claire Yea Sol , Lu Haizhu 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn the province of Ontario, Canada, the Ministry of Transportation administers a quality assurance testing program for all new concrete construction where air content and spacing factor are measured. Testing is performed by qualified operators in accordance with ASTM C457/C457M-12. In this study, 324 routine samples that had been tested by qualified operators were obtained and analyzed for air-void parameters by an alternative automated flatbed scanner method. A strong correlation was found between the manual and automated methods. This research explored the premise that summary statistics from a small set of training samples could be used to define a set of global threshold levels to measure air-void parameters from a much larger population. Two different methods for setting the global thresholds were tested: one based on arithmetic means, and another based on modal location parameters derived from type I extreme value distributions. The frequency of false-negative errors (failure to detect a defect) was used as a criterion to assess the different threshold methods. Automated test results derived using global thresholds based on arithmetic means minimized the occurrence of false-negative events.
Examination of Short-Term Aging Temperature for Modified WMA Mixtures Based on High-Temperature Properties
Authors: Kwon Ohsun , Kim Sungun , Kim Hyungbae , Han Joong Hyun , Kim Kwang W. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
When a polymer is used in warm-mix asphalt (WMA) technology, the materials should be heated to a level high enough to maintain its workability because of the high stiffness of the polymer. The styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS)-modified hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures are produced at approximately 20°C–30°C higher than normal (unmodified) mixtures. If a modified WMA mixture is produced at a lower temperature, the modified WMA mixture will be weaker than the HMA because of the excessive stiffness of the binder at warm temperature. Therefore, using an adequate production temperature [short-term aging (STA) temperature in laboratory] is important for modified WMA mixtures. This study examined STA temperatures of SBS-modified WMA mixtures based on two high-temperature properties [wheel tracking (WT), and deformation strength (SD)], and one ambient-temperature property [indirect tensile strength (ITS)], using four SBS brands. Modified WMA mixtures were prepared in three different STA temperatures (125°C, 135°C, and 145°C). Statistical analyses showed that the three properties of the mixes produced by the STA temperature of 125°C were significantly lower than those of other STA temperatures, at an α = 0.05 level. The STA temperature of 145°C was acceptable for some SBSs, but not for all. Therefore, properties of SBS-modified WMA mixtures were highly dependent upon STA temperatures that significantly affect the workability and compactability. Because modified WMA mixes showed significantly different properties because of the STA temperature, use of proper STA temperatures is very important for WMA mixes to perform properly at high temperature.
Performance Evaluation of Geogrid-Confined Beam-Column Joints With Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Under Cyclic Loading
Authors: Chidambaram R. Siva , Agarwal Pankaj 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Cyclic performance of beam-column joint specimens was evaluated under conventional confinement and geogrid confinement with and without steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). The efficacy of these specimens was compared on the basis of hysteresis behavior, load-deformation envelope curve, energy dissipation, strength and stiffness degradation, moment-rotation relationship, and failure pattern with damage index. The test results indicated that the additional geogrid confinement at the joint improved the performance significantly, and the use of SFRC further helped to increase the shear resistance capacity of the joint. The damage index of geogrid-confined specimens was reduced to at least one level lower on the same deformation range as compared to the conventional specimens.
Using the Fuzzy TODIM Method as a Decision Making Support Methodology for House Purchasing
Authors: Lin Chin-Tsai , Lee Chuan , Lin Jun-Kun 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This paper provided a model for housing prices based on a seller solving the optimal time on the market problem. House-purchasing involves activities such as making rankings, comparisons, and trade-offs among various housing characteristics. In the process of selling a house, brokerages serve an important role in coordinating between the seller and buyer. This study attempted to develop a dynamic price recommendation method for housing purchases, in which the multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) technique was applied to support the housing quality and evaluation. Based on the prospect theory of the loss aversion effect, this study used the Fuzzy TODIM method to aid the real estate broker coordinating the seller and buyer. The methods not only analyzed this phenomenon but also provided an objective view of the evaluation matrix. The results empirically analyzed the pricing strategy to map price versus quality and improve brokerage intermediation effects and then provided recommendations regarding a suitable price, decisions about negotiation strategies to reach an agreement, and the settlement of an acceptable price.
Using RAP Material in High Modulus Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Ma Tao , Zhao Yongli , Huang Xiaoming , Zhang Yao 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
With the purpose of improving the high temperature rutting resistance of recycling asphalt mixture, the design concept of high modulus asphalt mixture (HMAM) was adopted to design recycling asphalt mixture in this study. Control HMAM was designed to prepare recycling high modulus asphalt mixtures (RHMAMs) with different contents of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). Performance tests including simple performance test (SPT) test, wheel tracking test, low-temperature bending beam test, immersion Marshall test, freeze–thaw splitting test, and bending beam fatigue test were conducted to evaluate the dynamic modulus, high temperature rutting resistance, low-temperature cracking resistance, moisture stability, and anti-fatigue performance of RHMAMs. This paper proves that the addition of RAP can improve the high temperature rutting resistance of HMAM while jeopardizing its low temperature cracking resistance, moisture stability, and anti-fatigue property. With RAP content increasing, the dynamic modulus and dynamic stability of RHMAMs increase while the failure strain, tensile strength ratio, and fatigue life of RHMAMs decrease. With 20 %–30 % of RAP, RHMAMs have similar performances to HMAM without RAP. With 40 %–50 % of RAP, while the dynamic stability and moisture stability of RHMAMs can meet the requirements by Chinese specification, the low-temperature failure strain of RHMAMs was already lower than the requirements by Chinese specification and the fatigue life of RHMAMs degraded obviously compared to that of the HMAM. It is indicated that RHMAMs can provide satisfied high temperature rutting resistance and moisture stability while its low-temperature cracking resistance and anti-fatigue property needs to be paid attention to.
Celebrating 50 years of haemophilia care at the Royal Free Hospital
Authors: Nathwani Amit 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In recent decades, few disorders have benefited more from scientific research than haemophilia. Those living with the condition have witnessed improved standards of care resulting in dramatic improvements in quality of life. The Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia Centre and Thrombosis Unit has made a proud contribution to this improvement in care.
The road to cloning of factor VIII and the recombinant era
Authors: Tuddenham Edward 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Use of recombinant clotting factor now represents the standard of care in haemophilia across the developed world. But the recombinant era would not have occurred without the isolation from plasma of factor VIII in sufficient quantities to allow characterisation and cloning. Much of this development work occurred at the Royal Free Hospital.
Blood borne infections and haemophilia: the worst of times
Authors: Lee Christine A. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The HIV and hepatitis C epidemics of the 1980s represent the darkest days in the history of modern haemophilia care. The haemophilia centre at the Royal Free Hospital was at the forefront of research into the natural history of both diseases. This work led directly to the widespread use of recombinant products, as well as the establishment of combined haemophilia clinics with hepatologists and HIV physicians.
Diagnosis and management of inhibitors: the need for professional collaboration
Authors: Collins Peter 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Advances in the understanding of haemophilia require effective collaboration, both at the national and international levels. Such collaborations are currently playing a major role in elucidating the natural history of acquired haemophilia, and also in clarifying the issue of product-related inhibitor development in previously untreated patients with haemophilia.
The modern challenges of haemophilia care in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Mathias Mary , Pollard Debra 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Modern haemophilia care based on good diagnosis and effective prophylaxis has allowed boys born with haemophilia to grow up leading essentially normal lives. Nevertheless, there remain challenges notably those posed by inhibitors and patient expectations. There is now a significant cohort of men in their 30s, 40s and 50s who have been looked after extremely well but many of whom now have significant ankle arthropathy because they played football, even when advised not to do so at a time when prophylaxis was limited or started late. The imminent era of longer-acting clotting factors and gene therapy will also impact on future patient expectations. Meeting and managing these challenges will be much enhanced by the development and maintenance of good relationships between the patient and the haemophilia team.
Musculoskeletal care in haemophilia: the importance of the joint team approach
Authors: Mann Haroon , McLaughlin Paul 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The multidisciplinary team approach to providing comprehensive care is the cornerstone of the management of musculoskeletal issues in haemophilia. At the Royal Free the team takes a holistic approach to musculoskeletal disease management that is not just about assessment of a painful knee or having an operation. It recognises that patients sit on a spectrum of musculoskeletal disease severity that is dependent on age and the type of treatments available and the issues that may have been experienced with those treatments. The patient’s own goals sit at the heart of the team’s approach.
Gynaecological and obstetric care for women with inherited bleeding disorders
Authors: Abdul-Kadir Rezan 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The issue of women with bleeding disorders was first reported by Professor von Willebrand in 1926, but it is only from around the mid 1990s that the issue has been fully recognised. Much of this is due to the vision and hard work of Professor Christine Lee and colleagues at the Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia Centre. This work has led to better diagnosis, better quality care and improved quality of life for women with bleeding disorders.
Morphological and genetic discrepancies in populations of Oreocarya paradoxa and O. revealii: The impact of edaphic selection on recent diversification in the Colorado Plateau
Authors: Bresowar Gerald E. , McGlaughlin Mitchell E. 
Published: October 2015

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Investigations of recently derived and edaphically (soil) defined plant systems have provided insight into important mechanisms of ecological divergence. We investigated the impact of edaphic adaptation on recent divergence between two Colorado Plateau endemics: the gypsum facultative Oreocarya revealii (Boraginaceae) and its more generalist sister species O. paradoxa. We assessed morphological stability, genetic identity, and soil chemistry to determine whether O. revealii is a distinct lineage edaphically adapted from O. paradoxa, as has been described in the literature.METHODS:We genotyped 21 populations throughout the ranges of both species using 11 microsatellite markers and three plastid regions (trnL‐F, trnT‐L, trnQ‐rps16) for haplotype analysis. We compared these data with soil chemistry (Ca and S concentrations, indicating gypsum levels), location, and morphological identity of populations.KEY RESULTS:Soil chemistry failed to explain genetic or morphological identity in either taxon. Haplotype analysis suggests ancestral variation in the more geographically restricted O. revealii, along with regional geographic isolation. A discontinuity was identified between the morphological and genetic identity in several populations, suggesting incomplete lineage sorting and the nonfixation of identifying morphological traits.CONCLUSIONS:Oreocarya revealii is unlikely to have arisen via edaphic selection, because soil chemistry of population sites, morphology of individuals, and genetic identity are not strongly correlated. The nonfixation of identifying traits is likely a result of recent divergence in this system, and the potentiality of such discrepancies should be considered when investigating recently diversified gypsum‐associated groups.
« L’indépendance, clé de notre influence »
Authors: Fabius Laurent 
Published: October 2015

L’IRIS a eu l’honneur de recevoir, mercredi 20 mai 2015, Monsieur Laurent Fabius, ministre des Affaires étrangères et du Développement international, pour une conférence-débat exceptionnelle à l’attention des étudiants d’IRIS Sup’, l’école de l’IRIS, sur le thème des enjeux de la diplomatie française. Monsieur Laurent Fabius a notamment souligné lors de son intervention le caractère changeant du monde, caractérisé par une hiérarchie nouvelle des puissances, une modification du fonctionnement du système international ainsi qu’une « dispersion » de la puissance. M. Fabius a ensuite exposé les quatre priorités qu’il a fixées à la diplomatie de la France pour qu’elle dispose d’un cadre d’action clair et cohérent : la paix et la sécurité ; l’organisation et la préservation de la planète ; la relance et la réorientation de l’Europe ; le rayonnement et le redressement économique. Il a conclu son intervention en rappelant que le principe majeur qui oriente l’ensemble de l’action extérieure de la France est l’indépendance. Il a rappelé que l’indépendance fait partie de l’histoire et de la vision que la France a de son rôle dans les relations internationales.
Asie centrale : un changement d’époque ?
Authors: Carcanague Samuel 
Published: October 2015

La crise russo-ukrainienne et ses conséquences sont venues rebattre les cartes du jeu centrasiatique. La position de la Russie, moteur économique et figure tutélaire de l’espace post-soviétique, est, depuis 2014, fragilisée. Tandis que la Chine continue, à travers la réactivation d’une « nouvelle route de la soie », d’étendre son influence en Asie centrale, d’autres acteurs, comme l’Inde et l’Iran, souhaitent se (ré)investir dans la région. L’inconnue successorale au Kazakhstan et en Ouzbékistan ajoute un voile d’incertitude supplémentaire sur l’avenir des ex-républiques soviétiques et une crise régionale, à court ou moyen terme, n’est désormais pas exclure. Reste à savoir selon quel format serait gérée une telle crise, au vu des intérêts concurrentiels voire contradictoires des différents acteurs.