bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction for Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability Using the Palmaris Longus Tendon: Is Reconstruction of the Calcaneofibular Ligament Necessary?
Authors: Okuda Ryuzo , Kinoshita Mitsuo , Morikawa Junichi , Jotoku Tsuyoshi , Abe Muneaki 
Published: March 2013

The palmaris longus tendon was used to reconstruct the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) in 27 ankles with chronic lateral instability. The mean age of the patients at surgery was 23 years, and the follow-up was more than 2 years. The functional evaluation showed excellent or good results in all ankles. Twenty-seven ankles were divided into two groups according to operative findings: group A consisted of 11 ankles with old isolated injury of the ATFL, and group B consisted of 16 ankles with old combined injuries of the ATFL and the calcaneofibular ligament. There were no significant differences in clinical results between group A and group B. The preoperative mean talar tilt angles on stress radiograph in group B were significantly larger than those in group A. At follow-up, there were no significant differences in the mean talar tilt angles between group A and group B. We demonstrate that reconstruction of the calcaneofibular ligament along with the ATFL is not necessary for patients with chronic combined lateral ligament instability.
Results of Flexor-to-Extensor and Extensor Brevis Tendon Transfer for Correction of the Crossover Second Toe Deformity
Authors: Haddad Steven L. , Sabbagh Ronald C. , Resch Sylvia , Myerson Brett , Myerson Mark S. 
Published: March 2013

Between 1990 and 1995, 38 patients (42 feet) underwent repair for crossover toe deformity, 31 (35 feet) of whom returned for final examination at an average of 51.6 months (range, 24–81 months). Causes included trauma, iatrogenic, and unknown. Presenting complaints included dorsal pain with either metatarsalgia or joint pain, isolated metatarsophalangeal (MP) joint pain, metatarsalgia, painful plantar callus, metatarsalgia and joint pain, and painful dorsal callus. All patients were treated with one of two operative techniques, either the flexor-to-extensor tendon transfer or the extensor brevis tendon transfer. Choice of procedure depended on the stage of preoperative deformity. Twenty-four patients were completely satisfied with the surgical correction, 6 were satisfied with reservations, and 1 was dissatisfied. The average postoperative AOFAS score for all patients was 85 points (range, 54–100 points), which correlated strongly with patient satisfaction. Twenty-two patients stated that they had no postoperative pain, 8 reported some pain, and 1 had frequent pain at the corrected toe. In 30 feet, there was no recurrence; three patients had mild residual crossover toe deformity, and two patients had recurrent deformity, although all MP joints were stable. Follow-up radiographs demonstrated substantial reduction in MP joint angles in both the AP (from 7° to −1°) and lateral (from 45° to 25°) projections. This article reviews the surgical technique of both procedures, proposes specific indications for each, and presents outcomes. Based on our findings, the extensor brevis tendon transfer is appropriate for stage 1, stage 2, and flexible stage 3 deformities. Flexor-to-extensor tendon transfer is appropriate for rigid stage 3 and stage 4 deformities and for all patients with a symptomatic neuroma of the second web space (where the extensor brevis transfer is not possible). Stiffness of the MP joint is a potential problem with the flexor-to-extensor tendon transfer.
Hindfoot Coronal Alignment: A Modified Radiographic Method
Authors: Johnson Jeffrey E. , Lamdan Ron , Granberry William F. , Harris Gerald F. , Carrera Guillermo F. 
Published: March 2013

Accurate clinical evaluation of the alignment of the calcaneus relative to the tibia in the coronal plane is essential in the evaluation and treatment of hindfoot pathologic condition. Previously described radiographic views of the foot and ankle do not demonstrate the true coronal alignment of the calcaneus relative to the tibia. Some of these views impose on the patient an unnatural posture that itself changes hindfoot alignment, whereas other methods distort the coronal alignment by the angle of the x-ray beam. Our purpose was to develop a modified radiographic view and measurement method for determining an angular measurement of hindfoot coronal alignment based on a cadaver study of the radiographic characteristics of the calcaneus and motion analysis of standing subjects. The view was obtained by having the subject stand on a piece of cardboard to create a foot template. The template was then positioned so that each foot was x-rayed perpendicular to the cassette while still maintaining the natural base of support. A method using multiple ellipses was developed to determine more accurately the coronal axis of the posterior calcaneus. A study using cadavers was performed in which radio-opaque markers were placed on multiple bony landmarks on the calcaneus. The tibia was held fixed in a vertical position, and the foot was x-rayed using the above techniques in different degrees of rotation without changing the relation of the calcaneus to the tibia. The radiographs of the modified Cobey and our view were examined to verify which markers were visible at different angles of rotation and how the hindfoot alignment measurements changed with foot rotation. To define further the differences between the views, an analysis of postural stability was conducted while the subjects were standing with the feet in the positions for imaging both the Buck modification of the Cobey view and our hindfoot alignment view. The combined results of the cadaver, radiographic measurement, and postural stability segments of the study reveal that this coronal hindfoot alignment view and measurement method is reproducible, more closely measures “true” coronal hindfoot alignment, and is more clinically applicable because the alignment is measured while the patient is standing with a normal angle and base of stance. The modified radiographic measurement method relies on posterior calcaneal anatomic landmarks, is less affected by rotation of the foot and ankle, and is reproducible between observers.
Unlaid Xenopus eggs degrade by apoptosis in the genital tract
Authors: Iguchi Sho , Iwasaki Tetsushi , Fukami Yasuo , Tokmakov Alexander A 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
In several species with external fertilization, including frogs, laid unfertilized eggs were found to die by apoptosis outside of the animal body. However, there is no apparent reason for the externally laid eggs to degrade by this process, considering that apoptosis developed as a mechanism to reduce the damaging effect of individual cell death to the whole organism.

Results
Here, we demonstrate that a number of eggs are retained in the genital tract of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis after gonadotropin-induced ovulation. The majority of these eggs exit meiotic arrest within 24 hours of hormone administration. Subsequently, post-meiotic eggs die in the frog genital tract by a well-defined apoptotic process. The hallmarks of egg degradation include prominent morphological changes, cytochrome c release, caspase activation, increase in ADP/ATP ratio, progressive intracellular acidification, egg swelling and all-out proteolysis of egg proteins. The sustained presence of post-apoptotic eggs in the genital tract of ageing frogs evidenced age-associated worsening of apoptotic clearance.

Conclusions
The direct observation of egg degradation in the Xenopus genital tract provides a clue to the physiological relevance of frog egg apoptosis. It works to eliminate the mature unlaid eggs retained in the animal body after ovulation. Our findings establish egg apoptosis as a major physiological process accompanying ovulation in frogs.
Grain protein content variation and its association analysis in barley
Authors: Cai Shengguan , Yu Gang , Chen Xianhong , Huang Yechang , Jiang Xiaogang , Zhang Guoping , Jin Xiaoli 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
Grain protein content (GPC) is an important quality determinant for barley used as malt, feed as well as food. It is controlled by a complex genetic system. GPC differs greatly among barley genotypes and is also variable across different environments. It is imperative to understand the genetic control of barley GPC and identify the genotypes with less variation under the different environments.

Results
In this study, 59 cultivated and 99 Tibetan wild barley genotypes were used for a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a multi-platform candidate gene-based association analysis, in order to identify the molecular markers associated with GPC. Tibetan wild barley had higher GPC than cultivated barley. The significant correlation between GPC and diastatic power (DP), and malt extract confirmed the importance of GPC in determining malt quality. Diversity arrays technology (DArT) markers associated with barley GPC were detected by GWAS. In addition, GWAS revealed two HvNAM genes as the candidate genes controlling GPC. No association was detected between HvNAM1 polymorphism and GPC, while a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (798, P < 0.01), located within the second intron of HvNAM2, was associated with GPC. There was a significant correlation between haplotypes of HvNAM1, HvNAM2 and GPC in barley.

Conclusions
The GWAS and candidate gene based-association study may be effectively used to determine the genetic variation of GPC in barley. The DArT markers and the polymorphism of HvNAM genes identified in this study are useful in developing high quality barley cultivars in the future. HvNAM genes could play a role in controlling barley GPC.
Experience of nurses with using eHealth in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan: a qualitative study in primary and secondary healthcare
Authors: Gulzar Saleema , Khoja Shariq , Sajwani Afroz 
Published: March 2013

Abstract

Background
To improve the quality of health care in remote parts of Pakistan, a research project was initiated in the mountainous region of Gilgit-Baltistan using information and communication technology to improve patient care and support continuing education of health providers (eHealth). This paper describes the experience of nurses in using eHealth in their routine practices.

Methods
All health centres of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan using eHealth as part of this study, were taken as a single case. These include four primary healthcare centres, three secondary care centres and one medical centre. In-depth interviews were conducted using semi-structured interview guide to study nurses’ perspective about using eHealth, and its perceived impact on their professional lives.

Results
According to the respondents, eHealth enhanced access to care for remote communities, and improved quality of health services by providing opportunities for continuing learning. Nurses also appreciated eHealth for reducing their professional isolation, and providing exposure to new knowledge through teleconsultations and eLearning.
The responses categorized under six major headings include: gaps in health services prior to eHealth; role of eHealth in addressing these gaps; benefits of eHealth; challenges in eHealth implementation; community’s perception about eHealth; and future recommendations.

Conclusions
Low-cost and simple eHealth solutions have shown to benefit nurses, and the communities in the remote mountainous regions of Pakistan.
Endovascular treatment for traumatic thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm: a case report
Authors: Li Po-Sung , Tsai Chung-Lin , Lin Tzu-Chieh , Hung Siu-Wan , Hu Sung-Yuan 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Cases of an endovascular treatment for traumatic aortic injury are extremely rare. A prompt diagnosis of traumatic thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm through a 3-dimensional computed tomographic angiography of aorta and emergency repair are mandatory to rescue the life-threatening condition. An endovascular treatment is a trend for traumatic aortic injury because of lower invasivity, morbidity and mortality. We reported a rare case of traumatic aortic injury with thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm definitively diagnosed by the reconstructional computed tomographic angiography of aorta and successfully treated with endovascular stent-graft.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Bennett James E. , Boucher Leigh , Cokley John , Delofski Maree , Parsons T. G. , Taylor Jodie 
Published: March 2013

DIASPORAS OF AUSTRALIAN CINEMA, CATHERINE SIMPSON, RENATA MURAWSKA AND ANTHONY LAMBERT (EDS),(2009) Bristol, UK: Chicago, USA: Intellect, ISBN 978-1-84150-197-0, p/bk, 128 pp., US$40
SAVAGE OR CIVILISED: MANNERS IN COLONIAL AUSTRALIA, PENNY RUSSELL (2010) Sydney: New South
Wales University Press, 368 pp., ISBN 9780868408606, p/bk, AU$34.95
MEDIA & JOURNALISM: NEW APPROACHES TO THEORY AND PRACTICE, JASON BAINBRIDGE, NICOLA GOC AND LIZ TYNAN (2011) 2nd ed., Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 492 pp., ISBN 9780195574104, p/bk, AU$78.95
AUSTRALIAN
POSTWAR DOCUMENTARY FILM: AN ARC OF MIRRORS, DEANE WILLIAMS (2008) Bristol, Chicago: Intellect, 165 pp., ISBN 978-1-84150-210-6, h/bk, $47.95AUS
DEATH OR LIBERTY. REBELS AND RADICALS TRANSPORTED TO AUSTRALIA 1788–1868, TONY MOORE (2010) Sydney: Pier 9, Murdoch Books, 431 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-74196-140-9, p/bk, $34.95AUS
VØICE: VOCAL AESTHETICS IN DIGITAL ARTS AND MEDIA, NORIE NEUMARK, ROSS GIBSON AND THEO VAN LEEUWEN (EDS) (2010) Cambridge, MA; London, UK: MIT Press, 440 pp., ISBN 978-0-262-01390-1, h/bk, $40
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Chrystall Andrew , Johnson-Woods Toni , Laugesen Amanda , Laugesen Amanda , Franks Rachel , Braae Nick , Foley Dennis , Russell Keith 
Published: March 2013

ANNA MAY WONG’S LUCKY SHOES: 1939 AUSTRALIA THROUGH THE EYES OF AN ART DECO DIVA, DERHAM GROVES (2011) Ames, IA: Culicidae Press, 103 pp., ISBN: 978-1-257-71315-8, p/bk, AUS$39.95
WHACKADEMIA: AN INSIDER’S ACCOUNT OF THE TROUBLED UNIVERSITY, RICHARD HIL (2012)
Sydney: New South Press Press, ISBN: 9781742232911; 240 pp., p/bk, RRP AUD$34.99
CAMOUFLAGE AUSTRALIA: ART, NATURE, SCIENCE AND WAR, ANN ELIAS(2011) Sydney: Sydney University Press, 239 pp., ISBN: 9781920899738, p/bk, AUD$60.00
WITNESSES TO WAR: THE HISTORY OF AUSTRALIAN
CONFLICT REPORTING, FAY ANDERSON AND RICHARD TREMBATH (2011) Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 500 pp., ISBN: 2780522856446, p/bk, AUS$36.99, ISBN: 9780522860221, e-publication.
ENDING WAR, BUILDING PEACE, LYNDA-ANN BLANCHARD AND LEAH CHAN (EDS) (2009) Sydney: Sydney University
Press, 187 pp., ISBN: 781920899431, p/bk, AUS$35.00
SPHERE OF INFLUENCE: WRITINGS ON CRICKET AND ITS DISCONTENTS, GIDEON HAIGH (2010) Melbourne: Victory Books, 386 pp., ISBN: 978-0-522-85787-0, p/bk, AUD$ 34.99
RE-AWAKENING LANGUAGES: THEORY AND PRACTICE IN THE REVITALISATION
OF AUSTRALIA’S INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES, JOHN HOBSON, KEVIN LOWE, SUSAN POETSCH AND MICHAEL WALSH (EDS) 2010 Sydney: Sydney University Press, 457 pp., ISBN: 9781920899554, p/bk, AUS$65.00.
GLOBAL TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE: FROM HARD TECHNOLOGY TO SOFT TECHNOLOGY, ZHOUYING JIN (2011)
2nd ed., Bristol, UK: Intellect, 366 pp., ISBN: 978-1-84150-376-9, p/bk, AUS$69.95
BOOK REVIEW
Authors: Somerville Keith 
Published: March 2013

REFLECTING ON REPORTING AND JOURNALISM
REPORTING CONFLICT, JAMES RODGERS (2012) Basingstoke: Palgrave,154 pp., ISBN: -13: 978-0-230-27446-4. £14.99
JOURNALISM STUDIES: THE BASICS, MARTIN CONBOY (2012) London: Routledge, 196 pp., ISBN: 978-0-415-58794-5 £13.99
The SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Complex Selectively Affects Multiple Aspects of Serotonergic Neuron Differentiation
Authors: Weinberg Peter , Flames Nuria , Sawa Hitoshi , Garriga Gian , Hobert Oliver 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Regulatory programs that control the specification of serotonergic neurons have been investigated by genetic mutant screens in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Loss of a previously uncloned gene, ham-3, affects migration and serotonin antibody staining of the hermaphrodite-specific neuron (HSN) pair. We characterize these defects here in more detail, showing that the defects in serotonin antibody staining are paralleled by a loss of the transcription of all genes involved in serotonin synthesis and transport. This loss is specific to the HSN class as other serotonergic neurons appear to differentiate normally in ham-3 null mutants. Besides failing to migrate appropriately, the HSNs also display axon pathfinding defects in ham-3 mutants. However, the HSNs are still generated and express a subset of their terminal differentiation features in ham-3 null mutants, demonstrating that ham-3 is a specific regulator of select features of the HSNs. We show that ham-3 codes for the C. elegans ortholog of human BAF60, Drosophila Bap60, and yeast Swp73/Rsc6, which are subunits of the yeast SWI/SNF and vertebrate BAF chromatin remodeling complex. We show that the effect of ham-3 on serotonergic fate can be explained by ham-3 regulating the expression of the Spalt/SALL-type Zn finger transcription factor sem-4, a previously identified regulator of serotonin expression in HSNs and of the ham-2 Zn transcription factor, a previously identified regulator of HSN migration and axon outgrowth. Our findings provide the first evidence for the involvement of the BAF complex in the acquisition of terminal neuronal identity and constitute genetic proof by germline knockout that a BAF complex component can have cell-type-specific roles during development.
The Nuclear Argonaute NRDE-3 Contributes to Transitive RNAi inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Zhuang Jimmy J , Banse Stephen A , Hunter Craig P 
Published: March 2013

AbstractThe Caenorhabditis elegans nuclear RNA interference defective (Nrde) mutants were identified by their inability to silence polycistronic transcripts in enhanced RNAi (Eri) mutant backgrounds. Here, we report additional nrde-3-dependent RNAi phenomena that extend the mechanisms, roles, and functions of nuclear RNAi. We show that nrde-3 mutants are broadly RNAi deficient and that overexpressing NRDE-3 enhances RNAi. Consistent with NRDE-3 being a dose-dependent limiting resource for effective RNAi, we find that NRDE-3 is required for eri-dependent enhanced RNAi phenotypes, although only for a subset of target genes. We then identify pgl-1 as an additional limiting RNAi resource important for eri-dependent silencing of a nonoverlapping subset of target genes, so that an nrde-3; pgl-1; eri-1 triple mutant fails to show enhanced RNAi for any tested gene. These results suggest that nrde-3 and pgl-1 define separate and independent limiting RNAi resource pathways. Limiting RNAi resources are proposed to primarily act via endogenous RNA silencing pathways. Consistent with this, we find that nrde-3 mutants misexpress genes regulated by endogenous siRNAs and incompletely silence repetitive transgene arrays. Finally, we find that nrde-3 contributes to transitive RNAi, whereby amplified silencing triggers act in trans to silence sequence-similar genes. Because nrde-dependent silencing is thought to act in cis to limit the production of primary transcripts, this result reveals an unexpected role for nuclear processes in RNAi silencing.
International Consensus for Provisions of Quality‐Driven Care in Childhood‐Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Hollander Matthew C. , Sage Jessica M. , Greenler Alexandria J. , Pendl Joshua , Avcin Tadej , Espada Graciela , Beresford Michael W. , Henrickson Michael , Lee Tsz‐Leung , Punaro Marilynn , Huggins Jennifer , Stevens Anne M. , Klein‐Gitelman Marisa S. , Brunner Hermine I. 
Published: March 2013

ObjectiveTo obtain international consensus around processes that support the delivery of high‐quality care to patients with childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) based on current recommendations and scientific evidence.MethodsTo identify process quality indicators (QIs) for the medical care of children and adolescents with childhood‐onset SLE, we sent 2 Delphi questionnaires internationally to 340 physicians who treat these patients. We set consensus at 80% of completed responses.ResultsTwo hundred ninety‐seven physicians (87%) responded to the first Delphi questionnaire and 265 physicians (76%) responded to the second questionnaire. The group achieved consensus for 26 QIs addressing laboratory testing at diagnosis, health maintenance measures, diagnosis and therapy of lupus nephritis, general preventive strategies, surveillance for medication safety, counseling and evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors, as well as transition planning. Of the 26 process QIs for use in childhood‐onset SLE, 11 matched those established for adults with SLE, 9 required modification, and consensus was reached for an additional 6 QIs specific to children.ConclusionAn international consensus for a set of process QIs for childhood‐onset SLE was reached that considers unique aspects of children with childhood‐onset SLE. The presented set of QIs for children and adolescents with childhood‐onset SLE defines agreed‐upon standards of medical care.
Cathodoluminescence Modulation of ZnS Nanostructures by Morphology, Doping, and Temperature
Authors: Liu Hui , Hu Linfeng , Watanabe Kentaro , Hu Xinhua , Dierre Benjamin , Kim Bongsoo , Sekiguchi Takashi , Fang Xiaosheng 
Published: March 2013

AbstractSpatially and spectrally resolved cathodoluminescence (CL) is one of the most effective methods to explore the optical properties of a nanomaterials and reveals the spatial distribution as well as the correlation between the luminescence and the sample morphology and microstructure. Here, CL modulation of ZnS nanostructures by controlled morphologies, Fe/Mn doping, and measurement temperature is demonstrated. High quality ZnS nanobelts and nanorods are synthesized on an Au‐coated Si substrate and an Au‐coated GaAs substrate via a facile thermal evaporation route. A room‐temperature sharp ultraviolet (UV) lasing‐like peak in various ZnS is achieved. The main UV luminescence peaks appear at wavelengths between 330 and 338 nm. The low temperature (32 K) CL spectrum consists of a narrow and strong UV peak centered at 330 nm and two broad, low‐intensity peaks in the visible region (514 and 610 nm). Temperature‐dependent CL from such single‐crystalline ZnS nanobelts in the temperature range of 32 to 296 K reveals two UV peaks at 3.757 and 3.646 eV. The effects of Fe doping and Fe/Mn co‐doping on the CL property of ZnS nanobelts are further investigated. These results imply that ZnS nanostructures can be used for potential luminescent materials as well as short‐wavelength nanolaser light sources.
Nanoscale Probing of Voltage Activated Oxygen Reduction/Evolution Reactions in Nanopatterned (LaxSr1‐x)CoO3‐δ Cathodes
Authors: Leonard Donovan N. , Kumar Amit , Jesse Stephen , Biegalski Michael D. , Christen Hans M. , Mutoro Eva , Crumlin Ethan J. , Shao‐Horn Yang , Kalinin Sergei V. , Borisevich Albina Y. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBias‐dependent mechanisms of reversible and irreversible electrochemical processes on a (La0.5Sr0.5)2CoO4±δ modified (LaxSr1‐x)CoO3‐ surface are studied using dynamic electrochemical strain microscopy (D‐ESM). The reversible oxygen reduction/evolution process is activated at voltages as low as 3–4 V and the degree of transformation increases linearly with applied bias. The irreversible processes associated with static surface deformation become apparent above 10–12 V. Post‐mortem focused‐ion milling combined with atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy is used to establish the mechanisms of irreversible transformations and attribute it to amorphization of the top layer of material. These studies both establish the framework for probing irreversible electrochemical processes in solids and illustrate rich spectrum of electrochemical transformations underpinning electrocatalytic activity in cobaltites.