bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term outcome of native tissue reconstructive vaginal surgery for advanced pelvic organ prolapse at 86 months: Hysterectomy versus hysteropexy
Authors: Lo Tsia‐Shu , Pue Leng Boi , Hung Tai‐Ho , Wu Pei‐Ying , Tan Yiap Loong 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAimTo evaluate and compare the long‐term outcome of sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSF) in combination with various other compartment defect native tissue repairs with hysterectomy or hysteropexy.MethodsMedical records of 159 patients who underwent surgery for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) between April 2004 and August 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were assessed at baseline and at 5‐year postoperative follow‐up. SSF, anterior (AC) and posterior colporrhaphy (PC), both with and without hysterectomy, were performed. Primary outcome was objective cure (POP quantification system [POP‐Q] ≤1) and subjective cure (negative response to questions 2 and 3 on Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory 6 [POPDI‐6]). Subanalysis was done on patients who had uterus preserved compared with those with vaginal hysterectomy.ResultsPostoperative data were available for 146 patients: 120 in the hysterectomy group and 26 in the hysteropexy group. Mean age, parity, postmenopausal status and mean operating time in the hysterectomy group were significantly higher than in the hysteropexy group. At median follow‐up of 86 months, objective cure at overall compartments for all patients was 67.8%, and for subjective cure, this was 64.4%. There was no difference in the adjusted odds ratio for objective and subjective cure rates in both groups, but the hysterectomy group had a significantly lower mean total POPDI‐6 score.ConclusionSSF plus AC and PC have a low reoperation rate despite a moderate success rate at 7‐year follow‐up. There was no difference in the adjusted objective, subjective success rates and sexual function between sacrospinous hysteropexy and hysterectomy. The hysterectomy group, however, had fewer bothersome prolapse symptoms.
Perinatal morbidity and mortality for extremely low‐birthweight infants: A population‐based study of regionalized maternal and neonatal transport
Authors: Kaneko Masatoki , Yamashita Rie , Kai Katsuhide , Yamada Naoshi , Sameshima Hiroshi , Ikenoue Tsuyomu 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to clarify the mortality and long‐term outcomes of extremely low‐birthweight infants according to the process of maternal or infant transport and indications for maternal transport.Material and MethodsWe conducted a population‐based study between 2005 and 2009. The collected data included the process and indications for maternal or neonatal transport, maternal and infant characteristics and the prognosis of extremely low‐birthweight infants. Intergroup comparisons were made using the Mann–Whitney U‐test, while multiple group comparisons were made using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the post‐hoc paired t‐test according to the Dunn procedure. Comparisons of the cumulative survival rates based on postnatal age according to the process of maternal or neonatal transport were performed using a Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and the log–rank test.ResultsThe study subjects included 195 infants from 189 mothers following 50 632 deliveries during the study period. Overall, 32 (16.4%) infants died and 33 (20.2%) infants had neurological impairments. The rates of mortality and handicaps among the infants in the maternal transport group were 15.2% and 23.2%, respectively, compared to 25% and 44%, respectively, in the neonatal transport group. There were no differences in the prognoses of the infants according to the process of maternal transport, although more premature neonates were managed in the tertiary center. There were no differences in the cumulative survival rates based on the institution that managed the neonate. The incidence of a poor prognosis was significantly higher among the infants born from mothers transported to the tertiary center due to bulging membranes (P = 0.047). All mothers with placental abruption were transported to the nearest secondary center.ConclusionThe morbidity and mortality of extremely low‐birthweight infants demonstrated a low incidence following the regionalization of high‐risk pregnancies in our region. Further reductions in severe neonatal morbidities may depend on reducing the rate of neonatal transport.
Effects of dual identification and interteam conflict on multiteam system performance
Authors: Cuijpers Maarten , Uitdewilligen Sjir , Guenter Hannes 
Published: March 2015

In this study, we investigate how multiteam system (MTS) and component team identification influence interteam conflict and MTS performance. On the basis of resource allocation theory and social identity theory, we build a model to examine dual identification and its effects in MTSs. We use a real‐time computer simulation to test our hypotheses and measure our focal constructs in three consecutive performance episodes. Using random coefficient modelling, we find that MTS identification is associated positively with MTS performance, and interteam task and relationship conflict mediate this relationship. Team identification influenced interteam conflict at the start of the study, but this influence decreased over time. Although the effect of MTS identification appears to be more prominent than the effect of team identification, our results point at the importance of investigating the identification with the MTS relative to that of the team. We discuss implications for MTS theory and practice.Practitioner points

Although organizations increasingly rely on multiteam systems to accomplish work, the drivers of multiteam system performance remain understudied.

This study establishes multiteam system identification as the principal determinant of interteam conflict and multiteam system performance.

For multiteam system members, it is critical to engage in practices that make them quickly identify with the multiteam system.
Continuous measurement of intra‐oral pH and temperature: development, validation of an appliance and a pilot study
Authors: Choi J. E. , Loke C. , Waddell J. N. , Lyons K. M. , Kieser J. A. , Farella M. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryTo describe a novel approach for continuous measurement of intra‐oral pH and temperature in individuals carrying out normal daily activities over 24 h. We designed, validated and constructed a custom‐made appliance fitted with a pH probe and a thermocouple. Six subjects wore the appliance over a 24‐h period for two non‐consecutive days, while the intra‐oral pH and temperature were measured continuously and recorded. Intra‐oral pH and temperature were very similar across different recording days, the difference being not statistically significant (P ≥ 0·14). There was a noticeable difference in the pattern of variation of pH between day and night. During the day, the mean pH was 7·3 (±0·4) and dropped markedly only after consumption of acidic food and drinks. The intra‐oral pH decreased slowly during sleep with an average pH of 6·6 (±0·4) being recorded. The difference between day and night was statistically significant (P = 0·002). The mean intra‐oral temperature was 33·9 °C (±0·9) during daytime and 35·9 °C (±0·5) during sleep (P = 0·013) with minor fluctuations occurring over 24 h. The continuous and simultaneous intra‐oral pH and temperature measurement system described in this report is reliable, easy to construct, able to measure variables over a sustained period and may serve as a future diagnostic tool in a number of applications.
The World at 7:00: Comparing the Experience of Situations Across 20 Countries
Authors: Guillaume Esther , Baranski Erica , Todd Elysia , Bastian Brock , Bronin Igor , Ivanova Christina , Cheng Joey T. , de Kock François S. , Denissen Jaap J. A. , Gallardo‐Pujol David , Halama Peter , Han Gyuseog Q. , Bae Jaechang , Moon Jungsoon , Hong Ryan Y. , Hřebíčková Martina , Graf Sylvie , Izdebski Paweł , Lundmann Lars , Penke Lars , Perugini Marco , Costantini Giulio , Rauthmann John , Ziegler Matthias , Realo Anu , Elme Liisalotte , Sato Tatsuya , Kawamoto Shizuka , Szarota Piotr , Tracy Jessica L. , van Aken Marcel A. G. , Yang Yu , Funder David C. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to quantitatively compare everyday situational experience around the world.Local collaborators recruited 5,447 members of college communities in 20 countries, who provided data via a Web site in 14 languages. Using the 89 items of the Riverside Situational Q‐sort (RSQ), participants described the situation they experienced the previous evening at 7:00 p.m.Correlations among the average situational profiles of each country ranged from r = .73 to r = .95; the typical situation was described as largely pleasant. Most similar were the United States/Canada; least similar were South Korea/Denmark. Japan had the most homogenous situational experience; South Korea, the least. The 15 RSQ items varying the most across countries described relatively negative aspects of situational experience; the 15 least varying items were more positive. Further analyses correlated RSQ items with national scores on six value dimensions, the Big Five traits, economic output, and population. Individualism, Neuroticism, Openness, and Gross Domestic Product yielded more significant correlations than expected by chance.Psychological research traditionally has paid more attention to the assessment of persons than of situations, a discrepancy that extends to cross‐cultural psychology. The present study demonstrates how cultures vary in situational experience in psychologically meaningful ways.
Phaseolus lunatus, a New Host of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli in Iran
Authors: Osdaghi Ebrahim , Zademohamad Ali Akbar 
Published: March 2015

AbstractCommon bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) is one of the most destructive diseases limiting the production of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Iran. The disease has previously been described on common bean and mung bean from several regions of Iran, including the central plain and south‐western provinces. In this study, lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus cv. Christmas) plants are being reported as a new natural host of Xap in East Azerbaijan and West Azerbaijan Provinces, northwestern Iran. Disease symptoms consisted initially of water‐soaked spots that progressed to irregular necrotic lesions with chlorotic margins. Infection was observed to affect up to 40% of plants in the field. Identification of the pathogen was based on the biochemical and molecular characteristics, as well as the pathogenicity tests. To our knowledge, this is the first report of X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli causing common bacterial blight on lima bean plants in Iran.
Demonstration of uniformity of calcium absorption in adult dogs and cats
Authors: Mack J. K. , Alexander L. G. , Morris P. J. , Dobenecker B. , Kienzle E. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryA meta‐analysis was conducted to understand quantitative aspects of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) absorption in adult dogs and cats. 34 studies in dogs and 14 studies in cats met the criteria for inclusion in the meta‐analysis. Intake and faecal excretion values of Ca and P were subjected to a modified Lucas test and subsequent regression analyses. According to the current scientific consensus, Ca true digestibility (absorption) should increase at low Ca intake and decrease at high Ca intake. If true, this should result in a nonlinear relationship between the percentage of Ca excreted and dietary Ca intake. The present meta‐analysis showed a highly significant linear relationship (p < 0.0001) between Ca intake and Ca excretion suggesting a lack of systematic quantitative adaptation in true Ca digestibility. This finding suggests either that the time period covered by standard digestion trials is too short to induce adaptation mechanisms or that dogs and cats at maintenance will not efficiently alter quantitative Ca absorption percentage according to the amount ingested. If the latter is true, a dietary Ca supply differing greatly from the recommended dietary intake might impair the health of cats and dogs when fed long term. The data plots for P intake and faecal excretion were less uniform suggesting other factors not just dietary intake influence faecal P excretion. In adult cats, the dietary Ca:P ratio strongly influenced the true digestibility of P, whereas this effect was less marked in adult dogs. Faecal P excretion was significantly correlated to faecal Ca excretion in both species (p < 0.0001), and surprisingly, the level of P intake did not appear to be an important determinant of true digestibility of P.
Effects of different sulphur amino acids and dietary electrolyte balance levels on performance, jejunal morphology, and immunocompetence of broiler chicks
Authors: Nikoofard V. , Mahdavi A. H. , Samie A.H. , Jahanian E. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryAs alterations of dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) can influence amino acid metabolism via changes the ions incur in their configurations, performance and immunological responses of broiler chicks might be affected. So, the current study was carried out to investigate the effects of different levels of sulphur amino acids (SAA) and DEB on performance, jejunal morphology and immunocompetence of broiler chicks. A total of 360 1‐day‐old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to nine experimental treatments with four replicates of 10 birds each. Experimental treatments consisted of three levels of SAA (100, 110, and 120% of NRC recommendation, provided by methionine supplementation in diets with the same cysteine level) and three levels of DEB (150, 250, and 350 mEq/kg) that were fed during the entire of trial in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Results showed that the relative weights of intestine and abdominal fat were decreased markedly (p < 0.001) with increasing levels of SAA and DEB respectively. Antibody titre against sheep red blood cell was neither individually nor in combination influenced by supplementation of SAA or DEB. Nevertheless, a decrease in DEB level led to a suppression in heterophile (p < 0.05) and an increase in lymphocyte counts (p = 0.06); consequently, heterophile to lymphocyte ratio was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) by decremental levels of DEB. Albumin to globulin ratio was increased after inclusion of at least 10% SAA (p < 0.001) and 150 mEq DEB/kg in the diet (p = 0.11). Although feeding high‐DEB level led to a remarkable decrease in villus height (p < 0.01) and goblet cell numbers (p < 0.001), supplementing the highest level of SAA improved the height of jejunal villus. During the entire trial period, average daily feed intake (ADFI) was increased by incremental SAA levels (p < 0.05). However, inclusion of 150 mEq/kg led to not only a remarkable increase (p < 0.0001) in both ADFI and average daily weight gain (ADWG) but also to improved (p < 0.001) feed conversion ratio (FCR) both during the growing and over the entire trial periods. The present findings indicated that inclusion of low DEB decreased the heterophile to lymphocyte ratio and improved both the albumin to globulin ratio and intestinal health indices. The best growth performance was obtained with 150 mEq DEB/kg in the diet for each level of SAA.
Medical Education to Improve Rural Population Health: A Chain of Evidence From Alabama
Authors: Wheat John R. , Coleman Veronica L. , Murphy Shannon , Turberville Caleb M. , Leeper James D. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPurposeTo provide evidence that medical education is associated with population health in order to support adaptation of medical school programs to address populations with health disparities. We explored medical education efforts, local physician supply, and life expectancy in Alabama.MethodsCounty‐level public data of the number of students accepted to medical schools in 2008 and 2011, primary care physicians, life expectancy, and demographic/contextual variables were analyzed to develop a model for hypothesized associations. Correlational analysis, ANCOVA modeling, and path analysis were employed to identify, reduce, and organize significant variables in this cross‐sectional ecologic study.FindingsThe path model, which met criteria for goodness of fit, found significant relationships among medical students per 10,000 population, primary care physicians per 10,000 population, life expectancy, and contextual variables for rurality and poverty. ANCOVA models showed that geographic region was significant.ConclusionsWithin limitations of the study design, these findings support the proposition that the number of medical students produced in a county is related to the number of primary care physicians, which is related to life expectancy. Recommendations are to confirm the findings in other populations and inform public health policy concerning the utility of medical education to address population health by producing local medical students.
Cognitive, Psychophysical, and Neural Correlates of Vulvar Pain in Primary and Secondary Provoked Vestibulodynia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sutton Katherine , Pukall Caroline , Wild Conor , Johnsrude Ingrid , Chamberlain Susan 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Introduction
Provoked vestibulodynia (PVD) is a common condition characterized by localized, provoked pain that can be present since first vaginal penetration attempt (primary) or can develop after a period of pain-free penetration (secondary). Research has demonstrated psychosocial and psychophysical differences between women with these subtypes of PVD, but the question of whether neural responses to pain also differ remains to be investigated.

Aim
This study aims to examine whether cognitive, psychophysical, and neural responses to vulvar pressure pain differ between women with PVD1 and PVD2.

Methods
Women with PVD1 and PVD2 were compared for group differences using multiple modalities, including questionnaires, psychophysical testing, and neuroimaging. Pain ratings were held constant across groups, rather than amount of pressure applied.

Main Outcome Measures
Demographics, sexual functioning, four questionnaires examining anxiety and catastrophizing, quantitative sensory testing at the vulvar vestibule using a vulvalgesiometer, and functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Results
Findings suggest that women with PVD1 are more anxious and that they catastrophize more about their vulvar and nonvulvar pain than women with PVD2. Overall, MRI results demonstrated structural and functional similarities to other chronic pain findings for both groups of women. Gray matter (GM) density also differed between groups: women with PVD1 showed significant decreases in GM throughout areas associated with pain processing. Functionally, between-groups differences were found during painful vulvar stimulation despite lower pressures applied to the vulva for women with PVD1 because of their heightened sensitivity; the determination of the level of vulvar pressure to elicit pain was based on subjective ratings.

Conclusions
Findings are limited by sample size and liberal alpha values; however, future research is certainly warranted based on the preliminary findings of this study suggesting both similarities and differences between PVD1 and PVD2. Overall, women with PVD1 seem to fare worse on several pain-related and psychosocial variables compared with women with PVD2.
Obstructive sleep apnea and risk of Parkinson's disease: a population‐based cohort study
Authors: Chen Jin‐Cherng , Tsai Tzung‐Yi , Li Chung‐Yi , Hwang Juen‐Haur 
Published: March 2015

SummarySleep disorders could be associated with neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to determine the risk of Parkinson's disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. The incident cases of newly diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea were identified between 2000 and 2009 from the medical claims database of National Health Institute of Taiwan. The risk of Parkinson's disease onset at least 1 year after the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea was measured during and up to 11 years of period, compared to that of age‐ and gender‐matched controls estimated in the same period. A total of 5864 patients with newly diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea and 23 269 subjects without obstructive sleep apnea were identified for data analysis. The study reported that the incidence of Parkinson's disease in the obstructive sleep apnea cohort was approximately two times higher than that in the control cohort (2.57 versus 1.32 per 1000 person‐years), with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.84. Furthermore, the risk of Parkinson's disease was particularly greater for the obstructive sleep apnea with insomnia subgroup (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.97, 95% confidence interval = 1.44–2.69) than for the control cohort. The sex–age‐specific analysis further discovered that the most elevated risk of Parkinson's disease onset was noted in female obstructive sleep apnea patients aged 50–69 years (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.82). This population‐based study indicated that patients with obstructive sleep apnea, especially those who suffered from insomnia, are at an increased risk of Parkinson's disease onset.
Pharmacogenetic testing in idiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury: current role in clinical practice
Authors: Aithal Guruprasad P. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractIn contrast to the studies that have explored association of genetic variants with other complex traits, those investigating hepatotoxicity have identified risk alleles with substantially higher risk ratios for the susceptibility to drug‐induced liver injury (DILI). In addition, a relatively small number of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles have overlapping associations with a variety of adverse reactions including DILI, cutaneous hypersensitivity and drug‐induced pancreatitis. However, if used as a test prior to prescription to prevent potential adverse reaction, genotyping would have a very high negative predictive value, yet a low positive predictive value based on the low incidence of DILI. One potential consideration is to treat all relevant HLA genotypes as one panel covering different forms of adverse drug reactions, thereby improving the positive predictive value of the panel and widen its application. The majority of HLA alleles associated with DILI have a very high negative predictive value; therefore, they can be used to rule out hepatotoxicity caused by particular drugs. A high negative predictive value of a genetic test can be used to identify the correct agent underlying DILI when the patient had been exposed to two concomitant medications with a potential to cause DILI. Inclusion of genetic tests in the causality assessment of an event, where DILI is suspected, may improve consistency and precision of causality assessment tools. A recent clinical trial used N‐acetyltransferase 2 genotyping to determine the appropriate dose of isoniazid in an anti‐tuberculosis therapeutic regimen and demonstrated that pharmacogenetic‐based clinical algorithms have the potential to improve efficacy of a drug and to reduce DILI.