bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying the transverse and longitudinal modes of the
K*
and
K1
mesons through their angular-dependent decay modes
Authors: Park In Woo , Sako Hiroyuki , Aoki Kazuya , Gubler Philipp , Lee Su Houng 
Published: June 2024

Observing the mass shifts of chiral partners will provide invaluable insight into the role of chiral symmetry breaking in the generation of hadron masses. Because both the K* and K1 mesons have vacuum widths smaller than 100 MeV, they are ideal candidates for realizing mass shift measurements. On the other hand, the different momentum dependence of the longitudinal and transverse modes smear the peak positions. In this work, we analyze the angular dependence of the two-body decays of both the K* and K1. It is found that the longitudinal and transverse modes of the K* can be isolated by observing the pseudoscalar decay in either the forward or perpendicular directions, respectively. For the K1 decaying into a vector meson and a pseudoscalar meson, one can accomplish the same goal by further observing the polarization of the vector meson through its angular dependence on the two pseudoscalar meson decay.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Analysis of
Bs0→X(3872)[ψ(2S)]π+π−(K+K−)
decays
Authors: Wang Hao-Nan , Geng Li-Sheng , Li Gang , Xie Ju-Jun 
Published: June 2024

We have phenomenologically investigated the decays Bs0→X(3872)π+π−(K+K−) and Bs0→ψ(2S)π+π−(K+K−). In our analysis, the scalar meson f0(980) is formed through the final state interactions of coupled channels ππ and KK¯. Our findings indicate that the π+π− invariant mass distribution of the Bs0→ψ(2S)π+π− decay can be accurately reproduced. Furthermore, we have explored the π+π−(K+K−) invariant mass distribution of the Bs0→X(3872)π+π−(K+K−) decay, accounting for the different production mechanisms between X(3872) and ψ(2S), up to a global factor. It is found that the production rates for X(3872) and ψ(2S) are much different, which indicates that the structure of X(3872) is more complicated than the ψ(2S), which is a conventional cc¯ state. Additionally, we have considered the contributions from f0(1500) to π+π− and the ϕ meson to K+K− in our analysis. Utilizing the model parameters, we have calculated the branching fraction of Bs0→X(3872)K+K−, and anticipate that the findings of our study can be experimentally tested in the future.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Understanding the efficacy of leadership communication styles in flex work contexts
Authors: Mitson Renee , Xu Hao , Hmielowski Jay 
Published: June 2024

PurposeBecause a large number of employees now work remotely, either completely or partially (e.g. flexible), it is imperative that scholars and practitioners understand the implications of remote work, such as how employee satisfaction is impacted.Design/methodology/approachThis study examined leadership communication styles to understand how they may be perceived differently for remote workers. Results from an online survey (N = 403) revealed that while higher perceptions of leadership communication styles (responsive, vigilant and motivating language) were related to increased employee satisfaction, the amount of time spent working remotely did not moderate these relationships.FindingsThe findings suggest that the benefits of demonstrating leadership communication strategies can be extended from physical environments into online spaces.Originality/valueThis study is unique in that it centers on communication-forward leadership styles and applies them to remote contexts. Furthermore, remote work is conceptualized as a continuous variable as opposed to a binary, allowing for increased nuance.
A mechanism-based elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model for the creep deformation of martensitic heat-resistant steels
Authors: Yin Jundong , Zhu Baoyin , Song Runhua , Li Chenfeng , Li Dongfeng 
Published: June 2024

PurposeA physically-based elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model is proposed to examine the size effects of the precipitate and blocks on the creep for martensitic heat-resistant steels with both the dislocation creep and diffusional creep mechanisms considered.Design/methodology/approachThe model relies upon the initial dislocation density and the sizes of M23C6 carbide and MX carbonitride, through the use of internal variable based governing equations to address the dislocation density evolution and precipitate coarsening processes. Most parameters of the model can be obtained from existing literature, while a small subset requires calibration. Based on the least-squares fitting method, the calibration is successfully done by comparing the modeling and experimental results of the steady state creep rate at 600° C across a wide range of applied stresses.FindingsThe model predictions of the creep responses at various stresses and temperatures, the carbide coarsening and the dislocation density evolution are consistent with the experimental data in literature. The modeling results indicate that considerable effect of the sizes of precipitates occurs only during the creep at relatively high stress levels where dislocation creep dominates, while the martensite block size effect happens during creep at relatively low stress levels where diffusion creep dominates. The size effect of M23C6 carbide on the steady creep rate is more significant than that of MX precipitate.Originality/valueThe present study also reveals that the two creep mechanisms compete such that at a given temperature the contribution of the diffusion creep mechanism decreases with increasing stress, while the contribution of the dislocation creep mechanism increases.
Sustainability in banking literature: review and synthesis of thematic structure
Authors: Rajawat Shubhangi , Mahajan Ritika 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This literature review aims to present the thematic and intellectual structure of sustainability in banking literature.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review and manual content analysis of 158 studies from the Web of Science and Scopus databases has been conducted.

Findings
The study reveals three major themes: conceptualization of sustainability, measurement of sustainability performance and communication of sustainability. The review provides future research directions regarding the quality of reporting, the contribution of sustainable banking toward achieving sustainable development goals, the use of primary data for analyzing sustainable banking initiatives and distinctions in the concepts of sustainability in banking.

Originality/value
Since the beginning of the century, the literature on sustainability in banking has been prolific but heterogeneous and fragmented. Reviews have been restricted to niche areas. This review addresses the lack of a unifying paradigm for sustainability in banking literature.
Board characteristics and Sustainable Development Goals disclosure: evidence from European state-owned enterprises
Authors: Casciello Raffaela , Maffei Marco , Meucci Fiorenza 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThis study investigates if and how the board size, the board independence, the CEO duality and the board-specific skills are associated with higher-quality Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) disclosure in European State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs).Design/methodology/approachWe measured SDGs disclosure through a content analysis of SOE's reports from 2017 to 2022. The characteristics of the boards analyzed are board size, board independence, CEO duality and board-specific skills. We performed multiple regression models to test the association between the SDGs disclosure and the characteristics of the boards.FindingsThe results show that board size, independent directors and board-specific skills are positively associated with higher-quality SDGs disclosure, while CEO duality is negatively associated with higher-quality SDGs disclosure.Practical implicationsThis study provides several practical implications. Shareholders could equip their firms with larger boards, more independent and highly skilled directors, while avoiding a CEO duality for improving the SDGs disclosure; capital providers could examine the characteristics of a firm's board before allocating financial resources to verify which firms are accountable in reaching the SDGs. Also, standard-setters and policymakers could use the results of this research to define new standards or regulatory pathways to push firms to put more efforts in preparing a comprehensive and high-quality SDGs disclosure.Originality/valueWhile prior studies mostly focused on sustainability reporting overall, this study adds a specific insight about SDGs disclosure employing an investigation which has not been previously analyzed.
Linking e-government development and quality of governance to trust in government: evidence from OECD member countries
Authors: Alsaad Abdallah , Alkhawaldeh Abdelbaset , Elrehail Hamzah , Almomani Rami 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
The association between e-government and trust in government has been extensively examined, even though empirical works have returned conflicting conclusions about this association. This study aims to revisit the relationship between e-government and trust in government using macrolevel data from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries. It also addresses whether or not e-government should contribute to the quality of governance to improve trust in government.

Design/methodology/approach
Archival data from 36 OECD members over five years (2012–2015) were used to achieve the study objectives.

Findings
Results indicate that e-government does not directly affect trust in government, although there is an indirect association.

Originality/value
This implies that e-government systems will not significantly impact trust in government unless they contribute to the quality of governance that offers a basis for granting trust in government. Accordingly, value creation, including trust, should be considered during the design of e-government systems to achieve the desired outcomes.
Utilization of abandoned land as cattle grazing restores butterfly and flowering plant diversities in Japan
Authors: Nakahama Naoyuki , Hamano Tomo , Fujimoto Mari , Eto Akifumi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAbandoned land management threatens the maintenance of the diversity of flower‐visiting insects and flowering plants. In recent years, cattle grazing on abandoned land has been practiced in Japan to utilize the abandoned land and reduce cattle feed costs. It is important to elucidate the restoration effects that cattle grazing has on the biodiversity of abandoned lands in warm, humid climate regions, such as Japan. However, there are limited case studies that examine the restoration effects on flower‐visiting insects and flowering plants in Japan. In this study, we examined the effects of Tajima cattle grazing on the species richness and abundance of butterflies and flowering plants in abandoned lands in Muraoka‐ku, Kami Town, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. Our results revealed that the vegetation height was lower and species richness and abundance of butterflies and flowering plants was higher in the grazing lands. However, the abandoned lands had a higher vegetation height and significantly lower species richness and abundance of butterfly and flowering plant. Grazing pressure positively and significantly affected the species richness and abundance of butterfly and flowering plant. These results indicate that grazing increased the species richness and abundance of butterfly and flowering plant. There was no significant difference in the species composition between the grazing and abandoned lands, and no significant indicator species were detected in the abandoned lands. We conclude that Tajima cattle grazing systems on abandoned lands can restore the species richness and abundance of butterfly as well as flowering plants.
Does city smartness improve equality? Research on the impact of smart city construction on income inequality
Authors: Chen Hailin , Deng Kun , Schneider Friedrich 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSmart city construction is an essential practice in the effort to promote the digital transformation of society as a whole. Taking China's ‘National Smart City’ pilot project as a quasi‐natural experiment, this paper studies the income distribution effect of smart city construction by building a differences‐in‐differences model and using the data of China's prefecture‐level cities from 2008 to 2018. The results show that implementing China's ‘National Smart City’ pilot project has significantly reduced regional income inequality. However, this effect has heterogeneity. In regions with a higher level of economic development, human capital accumulation and R&D investment, the impact of smart city construction on reducing income inequality is stronger. In areas with a higher level of human capital accumulation, smart city construction can reduce income inequality. However, this effect is insignificant in areas with a lower level of human capital accumulation. Mechanisms tests show that smart city construction can reduce regional income inequality by creating more jobs, narrowing the digital divide and improving public service delivery. As stated above, this paper implies that accelerating the construction of smart cities and improving the digital and intelligence levels of the wider society is of great significance to reducing income inequality and building a more reasonable income distribution structure.
Making the case for democracy: A field‐experiment on democratic persuasion
Authors: WUTTKE ALEXANDER , FOOS FLORIAN 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrdinary citizens can serve as a critical defence against democratic backsliding. But beneath the surface, citizens' commitment to democracy is sometimes fragile, with crises exacerbating existing anxieties. We introduce ‘democratic persuasion’ as an actionable intervention to foster the resilience of citizens' commitment to liberal democracy. ‘Democratic persuasion’ seizes the opportunity of communicating with wavering democrats. ‘Democratic persuasion’ entails actively making the case for democracy and discussing democracy's inherent trade‐offs while engaging existing doubts and misperceptions. Amid the COVID‐19 pandemic, which stirred frustrations with democracy and highlighted democratic trade‐offs, we invited citizens via Facebook to participate in one of sixteen Zoom town halls to engage in discussions on pandemic politics with members of German state and federal parliaments. Each representative hosted two town halls, with random assignment to a condition of ‘democratic persuasion’ in one of the two town hall meetings. The field experiment yielded mixed results, demonstrating significant effects on some indicators of democratic commitment but not on others. This study contributes to the nascent body of research aimed at reinforcing the societal pillars of liberal democracies.
Investigating the nexus between social globalization, energy transition, tourism, and environmental quality: Evidence from quantile regression
Authors: Ahmed Zahoor , Ahmad Mahmood , Khan Salahuddin , Shamansurova Zilola , Pinzon Stefania 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEscalations in economic development and the concomitant upsurge in social globalization (SG) in the largest economies have enhanced the utilization of fossil fuels, which in turn has stimulated carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Given that reducing global warming is one of the essential means to disrupt climate change and attain sustainable development, this study examines the interlinkages between SG, energy transition (ENTR), international tourism (ITU), and CO2 emissions. As environmental issues are widespread in the largest economies, this investigation analyzed the data from the 10 largest economies using the Method of Moments Quantiles Regression (MM‐QR) from 1995 to 2020. The study found that ENTR plays a significant role in decreasing emissions and promoting environmental sustainability. Alongside this, increasing social globalization also curbs CO2 emissions and facilitates environmental sustainability. Apart from this, the findings demonstrate a progressively increasing contribution of ITU and economic growth to enhancing environmental degradation. Furthermore, results indicated that carbon emissions are not influenced by reductions in political risks in the member nations. Finally, policies to support environmental sustainability are discussed.
Geographic principles applied to population dynamics: A spatially interpolated integrated population model
Authors: Prochazka Brian G. , Coates Peter S. , O'Neil Shawn T. , Espinosa Shawn P. , Aldridge Cameron L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A major impediment to wildlife conservation and management, from a quantitative perspective, is dealing with high degrees of uncertainty associated with population estimates. Integrated population models (IPMs) can help alleviate that challenge, but they are often limited to narrow spatial or temporal windows owing to the financial and logistical burdens of acquiring requisite datasets. To expand the spatiotemporal scope of practical IPM implementation, we developed a novel method that expresses demographic relatedness among sampled and unsampled locations using geographic principles of spatial autocorrelation.

We interpolated demographic parameters at unsampled locations using parameter estimates from data‐informed locations. Errors attributable to the interpolative process were corrected using a joint likelihood and locally recorded count data (‘cheaper’ and broadly distributed). We evaluated the spatially interpolated IPM (SIIPM) for precision and accuracy under variable levels of spatial autocorrelation using simulated data and a Leave‐One‐Out Cross‐Validation (LOOCV) technique. Conventional IPMs and state‐space models (SSM) were fit to the same simulated datasets to provide a comparative assessment of the novel method. In a final, empirical demonstration we fit the SIIPM to data collected from Greater Sage‐Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; sage‐grouse) populations located in Nevada, U.S.A. during 2013–2021.

SIIPMs outperformed conventional IPMs when fit to data possessing moderate‐to‐high levels of spatial autocorrelation. Under moderate levels of autocorrelation, the average improvement in parameter estimation was 13.6% for survival, 65.3% for recruitment and 23.7% for rate of population change (). When spatial autocorrelation was low, the SIIPM still outperformed contemporary approaches in areas that were geographically close (<67 km) to sampling locations. Under low autocorrelation‐near distance scenarios, we observed SIIPM parameters that were 30.8% (recruitment), 32.5% (; IPM comparison) and 54.0% (; SSM comparison) more precise than contemporary models.

Spatial autocorrelation is often assumed but rarely tested when comparing population dynamics across regions of large geographic extent. We demonstrated that SIIPMs can improve precision of species' vital rate estimation when extrapolating model inference beyond populations for which long‐term monitoring data exists. Specific to sage‐grouse, these results support previous conclusions of broad‐scale spatial autocorrelation in population dynamics and a reproductive‐survival trade‐off previously documented at smaller scales.
Text message questionnaires for Patient‐Reported Outcome Measures after Cesarean section—A feasibility study
Authors: Duch Patricia , Jørgensen Christoffer Calov , Nedergaard Helene Korvenius 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundInadequate pain relief with moderate to severe pain remains a challenge after cesarean section and may significantly impair postoperative recovery. However, detailed assessment on the timing of severe pain, opioid consumption, influence on activities such as mobilization, breastfeeding, and caring for the infant are difficult to conduct, especially after discharge. Short message services (SMS)‐based questionnaires may offer a low‐cost way of providing such data but with the risk of insufficient response rates. We assessed the feasibility of collecting detailed, prospective data on postoperative pain and recovery during the initial hours and days following cesarean section using SMS‐based questionnaires.MethodsProspective Danish single‐center cohort study involving elective cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia with fentanyl and bupivacaine. The postoperative pain regimen consisted of paracetamol, NSAID and oral morphine by request. Patients received an SMS‐based questionnaire at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 48 h postoperatively, as well as on days 7 and 30. Primary outcome: Response rate and time from receiving the SMS to completion of the questionnaires. Secondary outcomes: Opioid consumption and Patient Reported Outcomes Measures on pain and recovery.ResultsFrom December 2022 to June 2023; 100 patients were included. The response rate was 78% at 6 h postoperatively, decreasing to 63% at 24 h. The median response time from receiving to answering the SMS‐based questionnaire at 6 h after cesarean section was 23 min (IQR 2–72), decreasing to 20 min (IQR 2–78) after 24 h. Severe pain, corresponding to a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score >6, was reported by 57% (95% CI 65–84) at 6 h, decreasing to 28% (95% CI 34–58) at 24 h. Median opioid consumption within the first 24 h was 30 mg (IQR 20–50).ConclusionSMS‐based questionnaires on Patient Reported Outcome Measures are a feasible and cost‐effective way of prospectively collecting frequent data with acceptable response rates, even shortly after cesarean section. Secondarily 66% of patients reported severe pain during the first 24 h following cesarean section, with the highest pain scores within the initial 12 h. Future studies should focus on optimizing pain‐management within this timeframe.
A survey of obstetric and gynaecology doctors at an Australian metropolitan tertiary hospital to understand their views, training and confidence in abortion care
Authors: Phung Laura C. , Said Joanne M. , Neel Aekta 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe barriers to comprehensive abortion care in Australian metropolitan tertiary hospitals are under‐researched. Previous work has suggested that negative practitioner attitudes and lack of training may play a large role; however, this remains poorly understood.AimThe aim was to survey doctors practicing obstetrics and gynaecology to better understand their views, training experience and confidence in abortion care.MethodThe method involved a cross‐sectional study via an anonymous survey at a single metropolitan tertiary hospital not providing substantive abortion services in Melbourne, Australia. Inclusion criterion was obstetric and gynaecology medical staff working at that hospital. Data were collected regarding views, training experiences and confidence in first‐trimester medical and surgical abortion, and second‐trimester surgical abortion. Data were analysed according to levels of training, categorised as RANZCOG (Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists) Fellows, prevocational/vocational trainees and general practitioner specialists.ResultsSixty‐one valid responses were received from 90 eligible participants (response rate 68%). An overwhelming majority (96%) supported abortion services. The majority of RANZCOG Fellows felt confident performing first‐trimester surgical abortion (89%) and first‐trimester medical abortion (71%); however, only half felt confident performing second‐trimester surgical abortion (50%). Prevocational/vocational trainees were overall less confident but overwhelmingly expressed interest in gaining further experience in abortion.ConclusionDoctors are generally confident in providing first‐trimester abortion services (medical or surgical) in the metropolitan tertiary setting. However, further work is required to understand ongoing barriers to comprehensive abortion care. There may also be a skills shortage for second‐trimester surgical abortion, requiring significant improvements in abortion training.