bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allogeneic Transplantation Versus Chemotherapy as Postremission Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Prospective Matched Pairs Analysis
Authors: Stelljes Matthias , Krug Utz , Beelen Dietrich W. , Braess Jan , Sauerland Maria C. , Heinecke Achim , Ligges Sandra , Sauer Tim , Tschanter Petra , Thoennissen Gabriela B. , Berning Björna , Kolb Hans J. , Reichle Albrecht , Holler Ernst , Schwerdtfeger Rainer , Arnold Renate , Scheid Christoph , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Woermann Bernhard J. , Hiddemann Wolfgang , Berdel Wolfgang E. , Büchner Thomas 
Published: December 2013

Purpose The majority of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who achieve complete remission (CR) relapse with conventional postremission chemotherapy. Allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (alloSCT) might improve survival at the expense of increased toxicity. It remains unknown for which patients alloSCT is preferable. Patients and Methods We compared the outcome of 185 matched pairs of a large multicenter clinical trial (AMLCG99). Patients younger than 60 years who underwent alloSCT in first remission (CR1) were matched to patients who received conventional postremission therapy. The main matching criteria were AML type, cytogenetic risk group, patient age, and time in first CR. Results In the overall pairwise compared AML population, the projected 7-year overall survival (OS) rate was 58% for the alloSCT and 46% for the conventional postremission treatment group (P = .037; log-rank test). Relapse-free survival (RFS) was 52% in the alloSCT group compared with 33% in the control group (P < .001). OS was significantly better for alloSCT in patient subgroups with nonfavorable chromosomal aberrations, patients older than 45 years, and patients with secondary AML or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. For the entire patient cohort, postremission therapy was an independent factor for OS (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.89 for alloSCT v conventional chemotherapy), among age, cytogenetics, and bone marrow blasts after the first induction cycle. Conclusion AlloSCT is the most potent postremission therapy for AML and is particularly active for patients 45 to 59 years of age and/or those with high-risk cytogenetics.
X-ray Direct Observation of Reactions and Labile Species on the Basis of Crystal Design
Authors: Kawano Masaki 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
This account reviews recent development of in situ crystallographic study of reactive intermediates using the cryo-trapping method. Starting from the basic concept of a reaction cavity in a crystal, we succeeded in not only observing photoinduced reactive species such as radical, carbene, and nitrene but also establishing a unique approach, crystalline molecular flask, to observe labile species in chemical reactions in a crystal. On the basis of such a crystalline reaction field design, we successfully observed irreversible reactive intermediates in a crystal.
A Non-Bornian Analysis of the Gibbs Energy of Ion Hydration
Authors: Murakami Wataru , Eda Kazuo , Yamamoto Masahiro , Osakai Toshiyuki 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
A non-Bornian model for understanding the Gibbs energy of ion hydration (Δ Ghyd° ) has been proposed, in which only short-range interactions between an ion and solvent molecules adjacent to the ion are considered, while the long-range electrostatic interaction between the ion and the outer bulk solvent is not explicitly included in the model. As the short-range interactions, Coulomb, polarization, and charge-transfer interactions are taken into account. It has thus been shown that the Δ Ghyd° scaled by the solvent-accessible surface (SAS) area of an ion can be given by a quadratic function of the electric field strength E at the SAS. Regression analyses with the derived analytical equation have been performed for the literature values of Δ Ghyd° for spherical ions, including 85 cations (with the charge number, z = 1 to 4) and 53 anions (with z = −1 and −2); good fitting results have been obtained for either the cations or the anions. An additional regression analysis has been performed for 10 representative cations, using the data set employed by Koehl et al. (J. Phys. Chem. B2009, 113, 5694). Our non-Bornian model has been found to be one of the highest performance models for the prediction of Δ Ghyd° .
Pediatric Within-Day Biological Variation and Quality Specifications for 38 Biochemical Markers in the CALIPER Cohort
Authors: Bailey Dana , Bevilacqua Victoria , Colantonio David A , Pasic Maria D , Perumal Nandita , Chan Man Khun , Adeli Khosrow 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDStudies of biological variation provide insight into the physiological changes that occur within and between study participants. Values obtained from such investigations are important for patient monitoring and for establishing quality specifications. In this study we evaluated the short-term biological variation of 38 chemistry, lipid, enzyme, and protein analytes in a pediatric population, assessed the effect of age partitions on interindividual variation, and compared the findings to adult values.METHODSFour plasma samples each were obtained within 8 h from 29 healthy children (45% males), age 4–18 years. Samples were stored at −80 °C and analyzed in 3 batches, with samples from 9–10 study participants per batch. Within-person and between-person biological variation values were established using nested ANOVA after exclusion of outliers by use of the Tukey outlier test. Analytical quality specifications were established with the Fraser method.RESULTSBiological variation coefficients and analytical goals were established for 38 analytes. Age partitioning was required for 6 analytes. Biological variation characteristics of 14 assays (37%) were distinct from adult values found in the Westgard database on biological variation. Biological variation characteristics were established for 2 previously unreported analytes, unconjugated bilirubin and soluble transferrin receptor.CONCLUSIONSThis study is the first to examine biological variation and to establish analytical quality specifications on the basis of biological variation for common assays in a pediatric population. These results provide insight into pediatric physiology, are of use for reference change value calculations, clarify the appropriateness of reference interval use, and aid in the development of quality management strategies specific to pediatric laboratories.
Long-term prognosis after medical treatment of Graves' disease in a northern Swedish population 2000–2010
Authors: Mohlin Eric , Filipsson Nyström Helena , Eliasson Mats 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo investigate the long-term prognosis of patients with Graves' disease (GD) after antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment and follow-up outside of highly specialised care.Design and methodsMedical records of all patients diagnosed with first-time GD in 2000–2010 with at least 6 months ATD treatment at a central hospital and follow-up in primary health care in the county of Norrbotten in northern Sweden were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were followed for relapse until 31st December 2012. We included 219 patients (mean age 46 years, 82.5% women) with follow-up of maximum 10 years and 829 observed patient years. Data were analysed using Kaplan–Meier estimates and log-rank test.ResultsDuring the observation period, 43.5% of the patients had relapsed into active GD. The cumulative relapse rates were 22.6, 30.2, 36.9 and 41.5% after 6 months, 1, 3 and 5 years respectively. The presence of goitre (P=0.014) predicted relapse. Previous smoking was protective against relapse (P=0.003). The levels of free thyroxine or free tri-iodothyronine, age, gender, current smoking and ophthalmopathy did not predict relapse. Agranulocytosis was found in 1.7% (95% CI 0.7–4.0%).ConclusionA long-term remission of 56.5%, in an iodine-sufficient area where ATD is offered to most patients in the real world of central and district hospitals, is higher than in most studies. Relapse was most common during the first year, and prognosis was excellent after 4 years without relapse. The protective effect of previous smoking merits further research.
Genetic Architecture of Contemporary Adaptation to Biotic Invasions: Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Beak Reduction in Soapberry Bugs
Authors: Yu Y , Andrés Jose A 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBiological invasions can result in new selection pressures driven by the establishment of new biotic interactions. The response of exotic and native species to selection depends critically on the genetic architecture of ecologically relevant traits. In the Florida peninsula, the soapberry bug (Jadera haematoloma) has colonized the recently introduced Chinese flametree, Koelreuteria elegans, as a host plant. Driven by feeding efficiency, the populations associated with this new host have differentiated into a new bug ecomorph characterized by short beaks more appropriate for feeding on the flattened pods of the Chinese flametree. In this study, we have generated a three-generation pedigree from crossing the long-beaked and short-beaked ecomorphs to construct a de novo linkage map and to locate putative quantitative trait locus (QTL) controlling beak length and body size in J. haematoloma. Using amplified fragment-length polymorphism markers and a two-way pseudo-testcross design, we have produced two parental maps in six linkage groups, covering the known number of chromosomes. QTL analysis revealed one significant QTL for beak length on a maternal linkage group and the corresponding paternal linkage group. Three QTL were found for body size. Through single marker regression analysis, nine single markers that could not be placed on the map were also found to be significantly associated with one or both of the two traits. Interestingly, the most significant body size QTL co-localized with the beak length QTL, suggesting linkage disequilibrium or pleiotropic effects of related traits. Our results suggest an oligogenic control of beak length.
Homogeneous Nuclear Background for Mitochondrial Cline in Northern Range ofNotochthamalus scabrosus
Authors: Zakas Christina , Jones Ken , Wares John P 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA mitochondrial cline along the Chilean coast in the barnacle Notochthamalus scabrosus suggests a species history of transient allopatry and secondary contact. However, previous studies of nuclear sequence divergence suggested population genetic homogeneity across northern and central Chile. Here, we collect single-nucleotide polymorphism data from pooled population samples sequenced with restriction site−associated DNA sequencing procedures, confirm these data with the use of a GoldenGate array, and identify a discordance between population genetic patterns in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. This discordance was noted in previous work on this species, but here it is confirmed that the nuclear genome exhibits only slight phylogeographic variation across 3000 km of coastline, in the presence of a strong and statistically significant mitochondrial cline. There are nevertheless markers (approximately 5% of nuclear single-nucleotide polymorphisms) exhibiting cytonuclear disequilibrium relative to mitotype. Although these data confirm our previous explorations of this species, it is likely that some of the nuclear genomic diversity of this species has yet to be explored, as comparison with other barnacle phylogeography studies suggest that a divergence of similar magnitude should be found in the nuclear genome somewhere else in the species range.
Factors Associated with Perceived Feasibility and Willingness of Non-Psychiatric Doctors in Japan to Treat Depressed Patients
Authors: Inagaki Masatoshi , Ohtsuki Tsuyuka , Ishikura Fuminobu , Kodaka Manami , Watanabe Yoichiro , Yamada Mitsuhiko 
Published: December 2013

Objectives: We previously reported that many non-psychiatric doctors in Japan believe that treating depression was not part of their duties. Educational interventions must address motivation of physicians to play a role in depression care. In this study, we explored factors associated with perceived feasibility and willingness of non-psychiatric doctors in Japan to treat depression. Methods: The study population included non-psychiatric doctors of the General Physician-Psychiatrist (G-P)Network group in Japan. We explored perceived feasibility and willingness to treat depressed patients, and examined preliminary associations with attitudes toward depression (the Depression Attitude Questionnaire: DAQ) and current depression treatment in routine medical practice. Results: Responses were obtained from 56 non-psychiatric doctors (response rate: 35.4%). The doctors who scored high on the “Professional” and “Pessimism” subscale of the DAQ believed that treating depressed patients was not feasible (χ2 = 13.6, p < 0.01; χ2 = 7.3, p < 0.05, respectively) and were not willing to treat depressed patients (χ2 =9.4, p < 0.01; χ2 = 6.6, p < 0.05, respectively) as part of their routine medical practice. The doctors who scored high on the “Professional” subscale referred fewer depressed patients to psychiatrists ( r = −0.33, p < 0.05), and those who scored high on the “Pessimism” subscale recognized fewer depressed patients ( r = −0.39, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The present study showed that attitudes toward depression were associated with perceived feasibility and willingness to treat depressed patients and with under-diagnosis of depression. Educational interventions optimized for these attitudes should be developed to improve recognition and treatment of depression in Japan.
Is There Any Relationship between ADHD Symptoms and Choosing Sports Education at the University?
Authors: Gökçen Cem , Abakay Ugur , Ünal Ahmet , Bayar Hasan , Alpak Gökay , Bülbül Feridun , Çöpoglu Ümit Sertan 
Published: December 2013

Objective: The goal of our study was to compare the incidence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) observed in students at the School of Physical Education and Sports (SPES), which is a school that provides higher education in athletics, with that observed in students studying in other departments of the university. Our hypothesis was that people with ADHD most commonly turn to sports. Method: The study enrolled 318 (75.7% of 420) students who were studying in the SPES of Gaziantep University; 277 students from the medical, nursing, administration, and engineering faculties were enrolled to serve as a control group. All students enrolled in the study were informed about the study before the lesson, and the students who agreed to participate provided written consent. Scales used in this study were: a sociodemographic information form which was prepared by the investigators, the Wender-Utah Rating Scale (WURS), and the Adult ADD/ADHD DSM-IV Based Diagnostic Screening and Rating Scale (ADD/ADHD). Results: WURS scores were significantly higher (25.07 ± 15.15 versus 21.37 ± 14.28; p = 0.002) in the SPES group than the control group. In addition, the percentage of subjects with a WURS score above the cut-off of 36 was higher in the SPES group than the control group (22.4% versus 15.2%; p: 0.028). The two groups were not significantly different in terms of the subscales of the ADD/ADHD scale. A correlation was found between the educational achievement of the students in the SPES group and the ADD/ADHD-inattention subscale ( r = .111, p = 0.015) and WURS scale ( r = .113, p = 0.011). Conclusions: More systematic studies with larger samples in this domain will be useful in obtaining a clearer picture regarding professional attraction of people with ADHD to sports.
The Incidence of and Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression at an Urban Maternity Clinic in Turkey
Authors: Poçan Ahmet Gürhan , Aki Özlem Erden , Parlakgümüs Ayse Huriye , Gereklioglu Çiğdem , Dolgun Anil Barak 
Published: December 2013

Objective: Postpartum depression (PPD) is an important health issue that affects not only mothers, but also entire families. Postpartum follow-up should address emotional and psychological issues, as well as physical issues, especially in those at risk. This study aimed to determine the incidence of PPD and the associated risk factors in a group of new mothers undergoing routine follow-up at an urban maternity clinic. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study investigating the relationship between PPD and various factors. A total of 187 women that presented to a university hospital for routine postpartum follow-up 4–6 weeks post delivery were recruited consecutively. The mothers were administered a sociodemographic form that included questions about the known risk factors (sociodemographic and sociocultural factors, and mother-related, pregnancy-related, and child-related factors) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Results: The incidence of PPD based on EPDS scores was 28.9% (scores > 12 were defined as PPD). Unplanned/unintended pregnancy, bottle-feeding only, mother's lack of satisfaction with the baby's sleep pattern, lack of family support for baby care, lack of satisfaction with the marital relationship, and family violence were significantly correlated with PPD ( P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression showed that bottle-feeding, lack of family support, lack of satisfaction with the marital relationship, and family violence were the primary factors that significantly increased the risk of PPD. Conclusions: The findings show that the PPD occurs in almost one-third of women and that, among the risk factors, sociocultural factors were the most strongly associated with PPD.
Gender Differences in Serum Testosterone and Cortisol in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder Compared with Controls
Authors: Matsuzaka Hisashi , Maeshima Hitoshi , Kida Sayaka , Kurita Hirofumi , Shimano Takahisa , Nakano Yoshiyuki , Baba Hajime , Suzuki Toshihito , Arai Heii 
Published: December 2013

Objective: Testosterone may have a role distinct from cortisol in the pathophysiology of depression. The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis affects the functions of sex steroid hormones through interaction with corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). The objective of this study was to investigate differences in serum levels of testosterone and cortisol in male and female patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: Participants included 87 inpatients with MDD at Juntendo University Koshigaya Hospital. Serum levels of testosterone and cortisol were assessed at admission. Matched controls included 128 healthy individuals. Data from MDD patients and controls were compared separately for men and women. Correlations between serum hormone levels and scores on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) of patients were assessed by sex. Effects of various factors on testosterone and cortisol were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results: In male patients with MDD, a significant negative correlation was seen between testosterone levels and the “retardation” score of HAM-D. However, serum testosterone levels were not significantly different in either male or female MDD patients compared with controls. Serum testosterone was negatively associated with the number of depressive episodes in male patients with MDD. Serum cortisol levels in female patients were significantly increased compared with female controls with no significant correlations between cortisol levels and HAM-D scores. Conclusions: The negative correlation between the sub-score of the HAM-D and testosterone may be associated with the biological pathophysiology of male depression. Findings of serum cortisol levels in women may suggest distinct characteristics of these hormones in men and women with MDD.
Simultaneous integrated boost by intensity modulated radiation therapy in carcinoma left breast after breast conservation surgery -A preliminary experience
Authors: Agrawal Rashi , Singh Dinesh 
Published: December 2013

Aim of study-Breast conservation surgery followed by radiotherapy has become the standard of care for early breast cancer. Total treatment time extends from6½ to 7 weeks. In radiotherapy such a long treatment duration is always worrisome. Simultaneous treatment of cavity and breast can reduce treatment time but we should consider acute and late toxicities. Materials and methods- In this study we are presenting data of 14consecutive patients of carcinoma left breast which were treated between March 2010 and June 2012.Dose prescribed to clinical target volume breast was 50 Gy in 25 fractions and CTV boost was 60 Gy in 25 fractions. Results-Clinical target volume for cavity ranged from 34.81cc to 369.8cc. Two patients (14.2%) had acute grade 2 skin toxicity and all other (85.7%) grade 1. Higher dose in boost region did not produce differential fibrosis or edema of breast. Median follow up is 26 months. None of our patients has experienced cardiac or pulmonary toxicity till date and all are in regular follow up. Conclusion-With simultaneous integrated boost in carcinoma breast patients, overall treatment time can be reduced without increasing early and late toxicities. Accrual of more patients is continuing. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v1i4.8794 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 1(4): 197-201
Bumpy Application of Utility Code for Genomic Inventions: With Special Reference to Express Sequence Tags
Authors: Murthy M R Sreenivasa , Syamala K , Yadav Harshavardhan 
Published: December 2013

Genomics, a new bough of biotechnology responsible for gene mapping has acquired a rapid significance in the field of patents. Brisk growth of patent filing in genomic subject matter is raising serious concerns about their utility from the perspective of societal benefit. Though the genomic related patent application qualifies the criterion of invention and non-obviousness in major instances, the inventors are unable to satisfy the utility criterion. Some instances such as patent application for ESTs have no utility at all. The patent regulators constructed various tests to deal with the situation such as specificity, substantiality (real world) credibility tests etc. Hoverer, it is noteworthy that an attempt to uniform the standard of utility test for genomic inventions especially in the field of ESTs, cloning and creation of chimeras, has been made by America and Europe through specific regulations. Thus, the objective of this paper is firstly, to explain the importance of biotechnology and genomic inventions for mankind and significance of ESTs for future research. Secondly, to analyze the application of Utility code prior to the emergence of Utility code in America and Europe. Thirdly to scrutinize the Utility code in both countries and their implication on aftermath cases, and. fourthly and finally, to critically evaluate the both countries utility pathways in the light of societal benefit.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v1i4.8959 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 1(4): 189-196
Effect of elevation and latitude on spring phenology of Rhododendron at Kanchenjunga Conservation Area, East Nepal
Authors: Ranjitkar Sailesh 
Published: December 2013

Mountainous terrain in East corner of Nepal is good location for phenological studies. Spring phenology in Rhododendron arboreum Sm. was monitored around Ghunsa river valley in Kanchenjunga Conservation Area of Nepal. Observations were carried our following the crown density method; flowering events of the selected species were recorded in 15-days interval. Flowering activity including duration of flowering and synchrony were determined. In addition, expected difference in flower onset time in two consecutive monitoring plots was determined. Elevation, latitude and longitude were regressed against flower onset to determine effect of each variable on flower onset. Delay in flower onset with rise in elevation, North latitude and West longitude was found in the results of the regression. Full bloom phase was found highly synchronized throughout the elevation gradient with contraction of flowering duration. High synchrony also indicates that the reproductive timing might plastic enough to cope with short-term change in environment. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v1i4.9154 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 1(4): 253-257