bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Une version québécoise du Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2 (SCAT2)—Outil d'évaluation des commotions cérébrales dans le sport 2 : Québec (SCAT2-Qc)
Authors: Pearson Isabelle , Boyd Jami , Boyer-Rémillard Marie-Eve , Pilon-Piquette Michael , McKinley Patricia 
Published: June 2013

RÉSUMÉ Objectif : traduire le Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2 (SCAT2) dans la langue française parlée au Québec et en vérifier l'acceptabilité pour la population québécoise francophone. Méthodologie : le processus de traduction de la version originale du SCAT2 a fait appel à une variante de la méthode de traduction et d'adaptation d'outils proposée par l'Organisation mondiale de la santé. Une traduction parallèle a d'abord été réalisée. Ensuite, un comité a révisé cette traduction parallèle dans le but de produire une version préliminaire du SCAT2-Qc. Puis, on a procédé à une rétrotraduction parallèle, que l'on a comparée à la version originale. La version préliminaire a été modifiée. Pour parvenir à la version finale, on a intégré les suggestions et les commentaires formulés par deux sujets sains lors de l'essai de l'outil, et lors de la comparaison du SCAT2-Qc à la version française existante par trois réviseurs du domaine de la santé. On a ensuite testé la version finale du SCAT2-Qc auprès de douze sujets sains pour en vérifier l'acceptabilité. Résultats : les douze sujets sains n'ont eu aucun problème de compréhension en utilisant le SCAT2-Qc. Conclusion : les différentes étapes de traduction ont permis de créer le SCAT2-Qc. Son contenu ayant été validé, il peut à présent être utilisé dans le milieu sportif et scientifique québécois.
S'adresser aux électeurs face caméra dans la campagne officielle: figure imposée ou programme libre pour les candidats?
Authors: Borrell Alexandre 
Published: June 2013

Résumé Dans les années 1950–1960, la télévision française permet à l'exécutif de s'adresser aux téléspectateurs en s'exprimant face à la caméra. Le procédé est largement mis à profit à partir de 1965 par les candidats à l’élection présidentielle dans le temps d'antenne qui leur est octroyé. L'analyse des composantes visuelles et sonores de ce dispositif énonciatif permet de mettre en évidence sa place prépondérante dans la campagne officielle de 2012. L’étude de ses contournements et altérations, des entretiens avec certains des concepteurs des spots, et la comparaison avec les rares autres occurrences rencontrées donnent à comprendre, par contraste, leurs similitudes et leur raison d’être. Simple à réaliser, le face caméra s'impose parce qu'il permet de promouvoir et différencier candidats et programmes, et de s'adresser directement aux électeurs. Mais la plus value persuasive qu'on lui prête est à double tranchant: le coût d'adoption du regard caméra et du prompteur est élevé, son utilisation parfois contre-productive.
La tristesse en présence de Dieu : de l'acédie à la mélancolie
Authors: Despland Jean-Nicolas 
Published: June 2013

Dans l’histoire de la mélancolie, l’acédie occupe une place particulière. Définie de manière approfondie par Evagre le Pontique au V e siècle, elle va faire partie des sept péchés capitaux de l’Eglise catholique. Assimilée à la tristesse, puis à la paresse, l’acédie va fortement contribuer à donner de la mélancolie une image extrêmement négative, dont la dépression porte encore les stigmates. Cependant, ni le destin de la maladie, de la théorie des humeurs ou de celle des tempéraments ne suffisent à empêcher que se manifeste toujours un lien entre mélancolie et imagination, entre mélancolie et génie. L’acédie existe-elle toujours ? La question reste ouverte.
Devenir parent. Le rôle du psychothérapeute
Authors: Nanzer Nathalie 
Published: June 2013

La psychothérapie psychanalytique s’est peu penchée sur le processus bien particulier de l’accès à la parentalité. Quels bouleversements physiques et psychologiques viennent menacer l’équilibre interne, souvent difficilement acquis après le passage par la puberté et le début de la vie adulte ? Des préoccupations œdipiennes et prégénitales qui semblaient définitivement résolues resurgissent, ramenant au devant de la scène des vécus infantiles qui peuvent alors être revisités et perlaborés d’une manière différente, non seulement du point de vue du patient « enfant de ses parents », mais aussi du patient « parent de son enfant ». A l’aide de vignettes cliniques, nous aborderons quelques aspects importants du processus de parentalité et de ses aléas, en tentant de montrer comment le psychothérapeute peut aider ces « devenant parents » dès la grossesse, puis dans le postpartum. Nous décrirons également le concept des thérapies centrées sur la parentalité qui, de par l’importante mobilité psychique particulière à la période périnatale, représentent une réelle opportunité pour le psychothérapeute d’accéder de manière privilégiée à la vie fantasmatique des patients.
Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery in Management of Phacomorphic Glaucoma
Authors: Kránitz Kinga , Takács Ágnes Ildikó , Gyenes Andrea , Filkorn Tamás , Gergely Róbert , Kovács Illés , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt 
Published: June 2013

PURPOSE:
To report the use of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in management of phacomorphic glaucoma.

METHODS:
An 89-year-old patient developed acute phacomorphic glaucoma in her right eye with elevated intraocular pressure (62 mm Hg), shallow anterior chamber, and mature cataract. After conservative antiglaucoma therapy and Nd:YAG iridotomy, femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery was performed. A Malyugin ring was implanted for mechanical pupil dilatation and a 4.8-mm capsulorrhexis and lens fragmentation was performed using a femtosecond laser system (Alcon LenSx Inc., Aliso Viejo, CA) followed by in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation.

RESULTS:
Intact 4.8-mm capsulorrhexis and successful lens fragmentation could be performed using femtosecond laser. After cataract surgery, the patient’s visual acuity increased from hand motions to 0.4 (Snellen 4/10) and the intraocular pressure returned to normal range without antiglaucoma drop therapy.

CONCLUSIONS:
The results indicate that femtosecond laser can be successfully used in certain cases of phacomorphic glaucoma, even if mechanical pupil dilatation is needed.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(9):645–648.]
Elucidating pheromone and host volatile components attractive to the spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in eastern Canada
Authors: Ryall K.L. , Silk P. , Thurston G.S. , Scarr T.A. , de Groot P. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractFrontalin, seudenol, and a spruce terpene blend are key components of a lure for monitoring spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in eastern Canada, catching the highest number of beetles in several field trials. The standard two-component commercial lure for this species, developed from populations in western North America and composed of 95%:5% (±)-α-pinene and frontalin, failed to elicit attraction to traps in Atlantic Canada; thus a series of trapping experiments were conducted to identify an improved combination of pheromone and host volatiles for this region. Analysis of volatiles from D. rufipennis collected from Newfoundland and Nova Scotia, Canada detected seudenol as an additional female-produced component. Laboratory analysis of the eastern host (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss; Pinaceae) detected the presence of 75%:25% (±)-α-pinene; however, a two-component lure comprised of 75%:25% (±)-α-pinene and frontalin caught no more beetles than an unbaited control. Frontalin and seudenol alone or spruce terpene blend and ethanol alone typically had among the lowest trap catches, but when combined they caught the highest numbers of D. rufipennis, supporting the hypothesis that host volatiles synergise attraction to pheromones. Our results highlight the importance of geographic variation in the response to pheromones and kairomones in this bark beetle.
Critical Role of the Tumor Suppressor Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 in Dendritic Cell Activation of CD4 T Cells by Promoting MHC Class II Expression via IRF4 and CIITA
Authors: Pan Hongjie , O’Brien Thomas F. , Wright Gabriela , Yang Jialong , Shin Jinwook , Wright Kenneth L. , Zhong Xiao-Ping 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) maturation is characterized by upregulation of cell-surface MHC class II (MHC-II) and costimulatory molecules, and production of a variety of cytokines that can shape both innate and adaptive immunity. Paradoxically, transcription of the MHC-II genes, as well as its activator, CIITA, is rapidly silenced during DC maturation. The mechanisms that control CIITA/MHC-II expression and silencing have not been fully understood. We report in this article that the tumor suppressor tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) is a critical regulator of DC function for both innate and adaptive immunity. Its deficiency in DCs results in increased mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 but decreased mTORC2 signaling, altered cytokine production, impaired CIITA/MHC-II expression, and defective Ag presentation to CD4 T cells after TLR4 stimulation. We demonstrate further that IFN regulatory factor 4 can directly bind to CIITA promoters, and decreased IFN regulatory factor 4 expression is partially responsible for decreased CIITA/MHC-II expression in TSC1-deficient DCs. Moreover, we identify that CIITA/MHC-II silencing during DC maturation requires mTOR complex 1 activity. Together, our data reveal unexpected roles of TSC1/mTOR that control multifaceted functions of DCs.
β-Defensin 2 and 3 Promote the Uptake of Self or CpG DNA, Enhance IFN-α Production by Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells, and Promote Inflammation
Authors: Tewary Poonam , de la Rosa Gonzalo , Sharma Neeraj , Rodriguez Luis G. , Tarasov Sergey G. , Howard O. M. Zack , Shirota Hidekazu , Steinhagen Folkert , Klinman Dennis M. , Yang De , Oppenheim Joost J. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Alarmins are a group of structurally diverse host defense antimicrobial peptides that are important immune activators. In this article, we present a novel role for two potent alarmins, human β-defensin 2 and 3 (HBD2 and 3), in promoting IFN-α production by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. We demonstrate that HBD2 and 3 activate pDCs by enhancing the intracellular uptake of CpG and self DNA and promote DNA-induced IFN-α production in a TLR9-dependent manner. Both CpG and host DNA form aggregates that resemble DNA nets when combined with HBD2 and 3. Isothermal titration calorimetry studies to elucidate the nature of HBD3/CpG complexes demonstrate involvement of enthalpy-driven interactions, in addition to hydrophobic interactions, with the formation of complexes at a molar ratio of 2:1 defensin/CpG. The i.v. administration of HBD3/CpG complexes induced proinflammatory cytokines like IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-6, IFN-α, and IL-10 in serum, associated with an increased recruitment of APCs in the spleen. Subcutaneous injections of these complexes showed enhanced infiltration of inflammatory cells at the injection site, indicating a potential pathophysiological role for alarmin/DNA complexes in contributing to inflammation. Intraperitoneal immunization of HBD3/CpG complexes with OVA enhanced both cellular and humoral responses to OVA, compared with OVA/HBD3 or OVA/CPG alone, indicative of a much more potent adjuvant effect of the HBD3/CpG complexes. Thus, the ability of defensins to enhance cellular uptake of nucleic acids can lead to improved vaccine formulations by promoting their uptake by various cells, resulting in an enhanced immune response.
IL-4 Upregulates Igα and Igβ Protein, Resulting in Augmented IgM Maturation and B Cell Receptor–Triggered B Cell Activation
Authors: Guo Benchang , Rothstein Thomas L. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
IL-4 is critical for optimal B cell activation and germinal center B cell expansion in T-dependent immune responses; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In the current study, we found that primary B cells express little Igα and Igβ protein despite substantial levels of mRNA. IL-4 markedly upregulates Igα and Igβ protein expression that requires STAT6. Elevated Igα and Igβ protein form heterodimers that associate with IgM and significantly promote IgM maturation and surface IgM expression, resulting in amplified BCR-initiated signaling that is Lyn dependent. In vivo, we found that pregerminal center B cells express upregulated Igα, Igβ, and surface IgM expression, in conjunction with elevated BCR-triggered phosphorylated ERK ex vivo, that are dependent on IL-4 and reversed by in vivo administration of neutralizing anti–IL-4 Ab. Thus, this study elucidates a novel mechanism for cross-talk between the IL-4 and BCRs that programs enhancement of subsequent BCR signaling.
Erythrocyte-Binding Antigens of Plasmodium falciparum Are Targets of Human Inhibitory Antibodies and Function To Evade Naturally Acquired Immunity
Authors: Persson Kristina E. M. , Fowkes Freya J. I. , McCallum Fiona J. , Gicheru Nimmo , Reiling Linda , Richards Jack S. , Wilson Danny W. , Lopaticki Sash , Cowman Alan F. , Marsh Kevin , Beeson James G. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Abs that inhibit Plasmodium falciparum invasion of erythrocytes form an important component of human immunity against malaria, but key target Ags are largely unknown. Phenotypic variation by P. falciparum mediates the evasion of inhibitory Abs, contributing to the capacity of P. falciparum to cause repeat and chronic infections. However, Ags involved in mediating immune evasion have not been defined, and studies of the function of human Abs are limited. In this study, we used novel approaches to determine the importance of P. falciparum erythrocyte-binding Ags (EBAs), which are important invasion ligands, as targets of human invasion-inhibitory Abs and define their role in contributing to immune evasion through variation in function. We evaluated the invasion-inhibitory activity of acquired Abs from malaria-exposed children and adults from Kenya, using P. falciparum with disruption of genes encoding EBA140, EBA175, and EBA181, either individually or combined as EBA140/EBA175 or EBA175/EBA181 double knockouts. Our findings provide important new evidence that variation in the expression and function of the EBAs plays an important role in evasion of acquired Abs and that a substantial amount of phenotypic diversity results from variation in expression of different EBAs that contributes to immune evasion by P. falciparum. All three EBAs were identified as important targets of naturally acquired inhibitory Abs demonstrated by differential inhibition of parental parasites greater than EBA knockout lines. This knowledge will help to advance malaria vaccine development and suggests that multiple invasion ligands need to be targeted to overcome the capacity of P. falciparum for immune evasion.
Identification and Prioritization of Merozoite Antigens as Targets of Protective Human Immunity to Plasmodium falciparum Malaria for Vaccine and Biomarker Development
Authors: Richards Jack S. , Arumugam Thangavelu U. , Reiling Linda , Healer Julie , Hodder Anthony N. , Fowkes Freya J. I. , Cross Nadia , Langer Christine , Takeo Satoru , Uboldi Alex D. , Thompson Jennifer K. , Gilson Paul R. , Coppel Ross L. , Siba Peter M. , King Christopher L. , Torii Motomi , Chitnis Chetan E. , Narum David L. , Mueller Ivo , Crabb Brendan S. , Cowman Alan F. , Tsuboi Takafumi , Beeson James G. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The development of effective malaria vaccines and immune biomarkers of malaria is a high priority for malaria control and elimination. Ags expressed by merozoites of Plasmodium falciparum are likely to be important targets of human immunity and are promising vaccine candidates, but very few Ags have been studied. We developed an approach to assess Ab responses to a comprehensive repertoire of merozoite proteins and investigate whether they are targets of protective Abs. We expressed 91 recombinant proteins, located on the merozoite surface or within invasion organelles, and screened them for quality and reactivity to human Abs. Subsequently, Abs to 46 proteins were studied in a longitudinal cohort of 206 Papua New Guinean children to define Ab acquisition and associations with protective immunity. Ab responses were higher among older children and those with active parasitemia. High-level Ab responses to rhoptry and microneme proteins that function in erythrocyte invasion were identified as being most strongly associated with protective immunity compared with other Ags. Additionally, Abs to new or understudied Ags were more strongly associated with protection than were Abs to current vaccine candidates that have progressed to phase 1 or 2 vaccine trials. Combinations of Ab responses were identified that were more strongly associated with protective immunity than responses to their single-Ag components. This study identifies Ags that are likely to be key targets of protective human immunity and facilitates the prioritization of Ags for further evaluation as vaccine candidates and/or for use as biomarkers of immunity in malaria surveillance and control.
A Transgenic TCR Directs the Development of IL-4+ and PLZF+ Innate CD4 T Cells
Authors: Zhu Lingqiao , Qiao Yu , Choi Esther S. , Das Joy , Sant’Angelo Derek B. , Chang Cheong-Hee 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
MHC class II–expressing thymocytes can efficiently mediate positive selection of CD4 T cells in mice. Thymocyte-selected CD4 (T-CD4) T cells have an innate-like phenotype similar to invariant NKT cells. To investigate the development and function of T-CD4 T cells in-depth, we cloned TCR genes from T-CD4 T cells and generated transgenic mice. Remarkably, positive selection of T-CD4 TCR transgenic (T3) thymocytes occurred more efficiently when MHC class II was expressed by thymocytes than by thymic epithelial cells. Similar to polyclonal T-CD4 T cells and also invariant NKT cells, T3 CD4 T cell development is controlled by signaling lymphocyte activation molecule/signaling lymphocyte activation molecule–associated protein signaling, and the cells expressed both IL-4 and promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF). Surprisingly, the selected T3 CD4 T cells were heterogeneous in that only half expressed IL-4 and only half expressed PLZF. IL-4– and PLZF-expressing cells were first found at the double-positive cell stage. Thus, the expression of IL-4 and PLZF seems to be determined by an unidentified event that occurs postselection and is not solely dependent on TCR specificity or the selection process, per se. Taken together, our data show for the first time, to our knowledge, that the TCR specificity regulates but does not determine the development of innate CD4 T cells by thymocytes.
Inadvertent chest tube insertion in congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation and congenital lobar emphysema-highlighting an important problem
Authors: Prabhu Shailesh M , Choudhury Subhasis Roy , Solanki Ravi S , Shetty Gurucharan S , Agarwala Surender kumar 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Background: Chest tube insertion in congenital cystic lung lesions is an important problem in children with acute respiratory distress having a cystic lucent lesion on chest radiograph. Objective: To evaluate the imaging findings and complications in cases of congenital cystic lung lesions with chest tube insertion and suggest the role of appropriate imaging for management of these patients. Materials and Methods: Chest radiographs and CT scans of children with congenital cystic lung lesions who had inadvertent chest tube insertion preoperatively were retrospectively reviewed for imaging appearances and complications. Results: Fifteen patients comprising 10 cases of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) and 5 cases of congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) were included. Majority of the cases were infants. CCAM was misdiagnosed as complicated pneumatocele (n = 5) and pneumothorax (n = 5), while CLE was misdiagnosed as tension pneumothorax (n = 5) on the chest radiograph findings. Final diagnosis was made on CT and operative findings with histopathology. Complications noted were pneumothorax, hydropneumothorax, and infection in cases of CCAM, and change in imaging appearance and pneumothorax in cases of CLE. Conclusion: Chest tube insertion in congenital cystic lesions increases the rate of associated complications. Chest CT has a definite role in early diagnosis and deciding appropriate management in these cases.
Dendriform pulmonary ossification: Report of two cases
Authors: Jamjoom Lamia , Meziane Moulay , Renapurkar Rahul D 
Published: June 2013

AbstractDendriform pulmonary ossification is a rare form of diffuse pulmonary ossification that is usually detected incidentally on chest radiographs or chest computed tomography (CT) imaging. In this article, we present two patients who were incidentally found to have dendriform pulmonary ossification on chest imaging. The article will present the history and imaging findings of these two cases and then review the clinical, histological, and radiographic manifestations of dendriform pulmonary ossification.
Role of quantitative pharmacokinetic parameter (transfer constant: Ktrans) in the characterization of breast lesions on MRI
Authors: Amarnath Jena , Sangeeta Taneja , Mehta Shashi Bhushan 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Background: The semi-quantitative analysis of the time-intensity curves in dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has a limited specificity due to overlapping enhancement patterns after gadolinium administration. With the advances in technology and faster sequences, imaging of the entire breast can be done in a few seconds, which allows measuring the transit of contrast (transfer constant: Ktrans) through the vascular bed at capillary level that reflects quantitative measure of porosity/permeability of tumor vessels. Aim: Our study aims to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameter Ktrans for enhancing breast lesions and correlate it with histopathology, and assess accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of this parameter in discriminating benign and malignant breast lesions. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty-one women with 216 histologically proved enhancing breast lesions underwent high temporal resolution DCE-MRI for the early dynamic analysis for calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters (Ktrans) using standard two compartment model. The calculated values of Ktrans were correlated with histopathology to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Results: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed a mean Ktrans value of 0.56, which reliably distinguished benign and malignant breast lesions with a sensitivity of 91.1% and specificity of 90.3% with an overall accuracy of 89.3%. The area under curve (AUC) was 0.907. Conclusion: Ktrans is a reliable quantitative parameter for characterizing benign and malignant lesions in routine DCE-MRI of breasts.