bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase inα-linolenic acid-induced intestinal lipid metabolism
Authors: Zhou Xihong , Chen Jingqing , Wu Weiche , Wang Xinxia , Wang Yizhen 
Published: August 2015

Abstractn-3 Long-chain PUFA up-regulate intestinal lipid metabolism. However, whether these metabolic effects of PUFA on intestine are mediated by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) remains to be elucidated. To determine the effects ofα-linolenic acid (ALA) on intestinal fatty acid (FA) metabolism and whether these effects were affected by AMPK deletion, mice deficient in the catalytic subunit of AMPKα1 or AMPKα2 and wild-type (WT) mice were fed either a high-fat diet (HF) or HF supplemented with ALA (HF-A). The results showed that ALA supplementation decreased serum TAG content in WT mice. ALA also increased mRNA expression of genes (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a, acyl-CoA oxidase 1, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, cytochrome P450 4A10 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 4a) involved in intestinal lipid oxidation and mRNA expression of TAG synthesis-related genes (monoacylglycerolO-acyltransferase 2, diacylglycerolO-acyltransferases 1 and 2) in WT mice. Consistent with these, expression levels of phosphorylated AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 were also increased in WT mice after ALA addition. However, in the absence of either AMPKα1 or AMPKα2, ALA supplementation failed to increase intestinal lipid oxidation. In addition, no significant effects of either diet (HF and HF-A) or genotype (WT, AMPKα1–/–and AMPKα2–/–) on FA uptake in the intestine and faecal TAG output were observed. Our results suggest that AMPK is indispensable for the effects of ALA on intestinal lipid oxidation.
Protective effect of polyphenols in an inflammatory process associated with experimental pulmonary fibrosis in mice
Authors: Impellizzeri Daniela , Talero Elena , Siracusa Rosalba , Alcaide Antonio , Cordaro Marika , Maria Zubelia Jose , Bruschetta Giuseppe , Crupi Rosalia , Esposito Emanuela , Cuzzocrea Salvatore , Motilva Virginia 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPolyphenols have been described to have a wide range of biological activities, and many reports, published during recent years, have highlighted the beneficial effects of phenolic compounds, illustrating their promising role as therapeutic tools in several acute and chronic disorders. The purpose of study was to evaluate, in an already-assessed model of lung injury caused by bleomycin (BLM) administration, the role of resveratrol and quercetin, as well as to explore the potential beneficial properties of a mango leaf extract, rich in mangiferin, and a grape leaf extract, rich in dihydroquercetin (DHQ), on the same model. Mice were subjected to intra-tracheal administration of BLM, and polyphenols were administered by oral route immediately after BLM instillation and daily for 7 d. Treatment with resveratrol, mangiferin, quercetin and DHQ inhibited oedema formation and body weight loss, as well as ameliorated polymorphonuclear infiltration into the lung tissue and reduced the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Moreover, polyphenols suppressed inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and prevented oxidative and nitroxidative lung injury, as shown by the reduced nitrotyrosine and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase levels. The degree of apoptosis, as evaluated by Bid and Bcl-2 balance, was also suppressed after polyphenol treatment. Finally, these natural products down-regulated cyclo-oxygenase-2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylated expression and reduced NF-κBp65 translocation. Our findings confirmed the anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol and quercetin in BLM-induced lung damage, and highlight, for the first time, the protective properties of exogenous administration of mangiferin and DHQ on experimental pulmonary fibrosis.
Effect of Ca-butyrate and Oleobiotec (a flavouring agent) supplemented starter on the performance of Holstein dairy calves
Authors: DAVARMANESH A. R. , FATHI NASRI M. H. , KALANTARI FIROUZABAD A. R. , MONTAZER-TORBATI M. B. 
Published: August 2015

SUMMARYThe effect on performance of adding calcium (Ca)-butyrate and Oleobiotec (a flavouring agent) additives to dairy calf starter diet was investigated. Thirty-two newborn Holstein calves (16 males and 16 females) were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments as: (1) diet with no additives, (2) diet containing Ca-butyrate, (3) diet containing Oleobiotec and (4) diet containing Ca-butyrate plus Oleobiotec. Milk of calves was supplemented with additives in the first 20 days of the study and then additives were top-dressed into the starter. Calcium-butyrate had no effect on starter and alfalfa intake during pre-weaning, post-weaning and over the whole trial period but it significantly increased the average daily gain and feed efficiency of calves during post-weaning and the whole trial period. Adding Oleobiotec did not change calf performance significantly. Furthermore, no synergistic effect of experimental additives on calf performance was observed.
DECISION THEORY WITHOUT FINITE STANDARD EXPECTED VALUE
Authors: Lauwers Luc , Vallentyne Peter 
Published: August 2015

Abstract:We address the question, in decision theory, of how the value of risky options (gambles) should be assessed when they have no finite standard expected value, that is, where the sum of the probability-weighted payoffs is infinite or not well defined. We endorse, combine and extend (1) the proposal of Easwaran (2008) to evaluate options on the basis of their weak expected value, and (2) the proposal of Colyvan (2008) to rank options on the basis of their relative expected value.
Shall We Dance? Welfarist Incorporation and the Politics of State–Labour NGO Relations
Authors: Howell Jude 
Published: August 2015

AbstractRelations between the state and labour NGOs in China have been particularly fraught. In 2012, they took an interesting turn when some local governments made overtures to labour NGOs to cooperate in providing services to migrant workers. This article argues that this shift is part of a broader strategy of “welfarist incorporation” to redraw the social contract between state and labour. There are two key elements to this strategy: first, a relaxation of the registration regulations for social organizations, and second, governmental purchasing of services from social organizations. These overtures have both a state and market logic to maintain social control and stabilize relations of production.
Addictive behaviors and personality traits in adolescents
Authors: Munno Donato , Saroldi Marta , Bechon Elisa , Sterpone Sara Chiara Maria , Zullo Giuseppina 
Published: August 2015

IntroductionBehavioral addictions refer to repeated dysfunctional behaviors that do not involve the ingestion of addictive substances. Studies on the association between behavioral addictions and personality traits have noted in individuals with problematic behaviors a high proclivity toward impulsivity and sensation-seeking and a low predisposition to harm avoidance. The majority of these studies have focused on adults, while far fewer have involved adolescents.MethodsThe study population was 109 high school students (age range 15–18 years) in Turin, Italy. Participants completed an assessment that comprised a demographic questionnaire and 3 self-report questionnaires: the Shorter PROMIS Questionnaire (SPQ), the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and the Multidimensional Questionnaire for Adolescents (QMA).ResultsA gender-related difference in the risk of developing an addictive behavior was observed, with a significantly higher percentage of risk seen for several addiction tendencies among the males. Statistically significant correlations emerged between some personality determinants and certain addictive behaviors.DiscussionThe study pinpoints epidemiological indicators for the extent of this growing problem among adolescents.ConclusionsThe findings have implications for identifying protection factors and risk factors for addictive behaviors and related psychiatric disorders, and the development of primary prevention strategies derived from such factors.
Characterization of logic program revision as an extension of propositional revision
Authors: SCHWIND NICOLAS , INOUE KATSUMI 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe address the problem of belief revision of logic programs (LPs), i.e., how to incorporate to a LP P a new LP Q. Based on the structure of SE interpretations, Delgrande et al. (2008. Proc. of the 11th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR'08), 411–421; 2013b. Proc. of the 12th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning (LPNMR'13), 264–276) adapted the well-known AGM framework (Alchourrón et al. 1985. Journal of Symbolic Logic 50, 2, 510–530) to LP revision. They identified the rational behavior of LP revision and introduced some specific operators. In this paper, a constructive characterization of all rational LP revision operators is given in terms of orderings over propositional interpretations with some further conditions specific to SE interpretations. It provides an intuitive, complete procedure for the construction of all rational LP revision operators and makes easier the comprehension of their semantic and computational properties. We give a particular consideration to LPs of very general form, i.e., the generalized logic programs (GLPs). We show that every rational GLP revision operator is derived from a propositional revision operator satisfying the original AGM postulates. Interestingly, the further conditions specific to GLP revision are independent from the propositional revision operator on which a GLP revision operator is based. Taking advantage of our characterization result, we embed the GLP revision operators into structures of Boolean lattices, that allow us to bring to light some potential weaknesses in the adapted AGM postulates. To illustrate our claim, we introduce and characterize axiomatically two specific classes of (rational) GLP revision operators which arguably have a drastic behavior. We additionally consider two more restricted forms of LPs, i.e., the disjunctive logic programs (DLPs) and the normal logic programs (NLPs) and adapt our characterization result to disjunctive logic program and normal logic program revision operators.
DIVISION XII: COMMISSION 46: EDUCATION & DEVELOPMENT OF ASTRONOMY
Authors: Ros Rosa M. , Hearnshaw John , Stavinschi Magda , Garcia Beatriz , Gerbaldi Michele , Greve Jean-Pierre de , Guinan Edward , Haubold Hans , Jones Barrie , Marshall Laurence A. , Pasachoff Jay 
Published: August 2015

C46 is a Commission of the Executive Committee of the IAU under Division XII Union-Wide Activities. Aiming at improvement of astronomy education and research at all levels worldwide (through the various projects it initiates),maintains, develops, as well as through the dissemination of information. C46 has 332 members and it was managed by the Organizing Committee, formed by the Commission President (Rosa M. Ros, from Spain), the Vice-Presiden (John Hearnshaw, from New Zealand), the Retiring President (Magda Stavinschi, from Romania), the Vice-President of the IAU (George Miley, from Netherland) and the PG chairs:
•Worldwide Development of Astronomy WWDA: John Hearnshaw•Teaching Astronomy for Development TAD: Edward Guinan and Laurence A. Marshall•International Schools for Young Astronomers ISYA; chair: Jean-Pierre de Greve•Network for Astronomy School Education NASE: Rosa M. Ros and Beatriz Garcia•Public Understanding at the times of Solar Eclipses and transit Phenomena PUTSE: Jay Pasachoff•National Liaison and Newsletter: Barrie Jones•Collaborative Programs: Hans Haubold
Schlafprobleme bei Soldaten und die Rolle traumatischer Ereignisse bei Auslandseinsätzen
Authors: Heinrich Anke , Knappe Susanne , Trautmann Sebastian , Schönfeld Sabine , Hauffa Robin , Wittchen Hans-Ulrich 
Published: August 2015

Zusammenfassung. Fragestellung: Schlafprobleme, ihre Auswirkungen und Implikationen sind besonders im Kontext militärischer Missionen ein bedeutsames, jedoch wenig untersuchtes Thema. Methoden: Eine repräsentative Stichprobe von 1478 deutschen Bundeswehrsoldaten wurde 12 Monate nach Ende ihres Auslandseinsatzes mittels des Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) sowie zu psychischen Störungen (DSM-IV-TR) und traumatischen Ereignissen persönlich untersucht und mit N = 880 Soldaten ohne Auslandseinsatz verglichen. Ergebnisse: 41 % der Soldaten mit und 38 % der Soldaten ohne Auslandseinsatz erfüllten die PSQI-Kriterien für Schlafprobleme. Traumatische Einsatzereignisse waren mit mehr Schlafproblemen assoziiert (β: 0.7, 95 % KI: 0.4 – 1.0, p < .001). In Abhängigkeit der Anzahl traumatischer Einsatzereignisse wurde ein höherer PSQI-Gesamtwert bei inzidenten psychischen Störungen (β: 1.2, 95 % KI: 0.3 – 2.1, p = .011), aber auch bei Soldaten ohne psychische Störungen (β: 0.7, 95 % KI: 0.3 – 1.1, p = .001) berichtet. Schlussfolgerung: Auslandseinsätze scheinen in Abhängigkeit traumatischer Ereignisse das Ausmaß von Schlafproblemen bei Soldaten sowohl innerhalb als auch außerhalb des Kontextes psychischer Störungen zu erhöhen.
TRB3 links insulin/IGF to tumour promotion by interacting with p62 and impeding autophagic/proteasomal degradations
Authors: Hua Fang , Li Ke , Yu Jiao-Jiao , Lv Xiao-Xi , Yan Jun , Zhang Xiao-Wei , Sun Wei , Lin Heng , Shang Shuang , Wang Feng , Cui Bing , Mu Rong , Huang Bo , Jiang Jian-Dong , Hu Zhuo-Wei 
Published: August 2015

AbstractHigh insulin/IGF is a biologic link between diabetes and cancers, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here we report a previously unrecognized tumour-promoting mechanism for stress protein TRB3, which mediates a reciprocal antagonism between autophagic and proteasomal degradation systems and connects insulin/IGF to malignant promotion. We find that several human cancers express higher TRB3 and phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1, which correlates negatively with patient’s prognosis. TRB3 depletion protects against tumour-promoting actions of insulin/IGF and attenuates tumour initiation, growth and metastasis in mice. TRB3 interacts with autophagic receptor p62 and hinders p62 binding to LC3 and ubiquitinated substrates, which causes p62 deposition and suppresses autophagic/proteasomal degradation. Several tumour-promoting factors accumulate in cancer cells to support tumour metabolism, proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Interrupting TRB3/p62 interaction produces potent antitumour efficacies against tumour growth and metastasis. Our study opens possibility of targeting this interaction as a potential novel strategy against cancers with diabetes.
A two-dimensional algebraic quantum liquid produced by an atomic simulator of the quantum Lifshitz model
Authors: Po Hoi Chun , Zhou Qi 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBosons have a natural instinct to condense at zero temperature. It is a long-standing challenge to create a high-dimensional quantum liquid that does not exhibit long-range order at the ground state, as either extreme experimental parameters or sophisticated designs of microscopic Hamiltonians are required for suppressing the condensation. Here we show that synthetic gauge fields for ultracold atoms, using either the Raman scheme or shaken lattices, provide physicists a simple and practical scheme to produce a two-dimensional algebraic quantum liquid at the ground state. This quantum liquid arises at a critical Lifshitz point, where a two-dimensional quartic dispersion emerges in the momentum space, and many fundamental properties of two-dimensional bosons are changed in its proximity. Such an ideal simulator of the quantum Lifshitz model allows experimentalists to directly visualize and explore the deconfinement transition of topological excitations, an intriguing phenomenon that is difficult to access in other systems.
The Salmonella effector protein SifA plays a dual role in virulence
Authors: Zhao Weidong , Moest Thomas , Zhao Yaya , Guilhon Aude-Agnès , Buffat Christophe , Gorvel Jean-Pierre , Méresse Stéphane 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe virulence of Salmonella relies on the expression of effector proteins that the bacterium injects inside infected cells. Salmonella enters eukaryotic cells and resides in a vacuolar compartment on which a number of effector proteins such as SifA are found. SifA plays an essential role in Salmonella virulence. It is made of two distinct domains. The N-terminal domain of SifA interacts with the host protein SKIP. This interaction regulates vacuolar membrane dynamics. The C-terminal has a fold similar to other bacterial effector domains having a guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity. Although SifA interacts with RhoA, it does not stimulate the dissociation of GDP and the activation of this GTPase. Hence it remains unknown whether the C-terminal domain contributes to the function of SifA in virulence. We used a model of SKIP knockout mice to show that this protein mediates the host susceptibility to salmonellosis and to establish that SifA also contributes to Salmonella virulence independently of its interaction with SKIP. We establish that the C-terminal domain of SifA mediates this SKIP-independent contribution. Moreover, we show that the two domains of SifA are functionally linked and participate to the same signalling cascade that supports Salmonella virulence.
Tailoring the strength and porosity of rapid-hardening magnesia phosphate paste via the pre-foaming method
Authors: Liu Li-Jie , Li Jin-Hong , Wang Xiang , Qian Ting-Ting , Li Xiao-Hui 
Published: August 2015

AbstractHigh-porosity magnesia phosphate paste (HPMPP) was prepared via the pre-foaming method. In the pre-foaming method, sintering treatment was not required. The bulk density and maximum compressive strength of the HPMPP prepared according to the ratio of water to solids (W/So) of 0.32 reached 464.00 ± 5.00 Kg/m3 and 0.30 ± 0.05 MPa, respectively. The compressive strength increased with the increases in the addition amounts of sodium silicate and polypropylene fibers. The bulk density of HPMPP increased with the increase in the addition of sodium silicate and decreased with the increase in the addition of polypropylene fibers. Besides, the porosity of the magnesia phosphate paste increased from 79.85% to 81.27% and from 80.31% to 83.75% after the addition of sodium silicate and polypropylene fibers respectively. The highest porosity (83.75%) of the prepared HPMPP was realized under the addition proportion (sodium silicate: polypropylene fibers: solids = 0.06:0.0025:1). The average pore size of the prepared HPMPP is about 180 μm and the pore distribution range is relatively narrow. The hydration product (struvite) is combined with MgO particle one by one and then coated on the surface of bubbles. With the decrease of the water content, after breaking bubbles, the porous structure can be achieved.
Impact of smoke-free legislation on perinatal and infant mortality: a national quasi-experimental study
Authors: Been Jasper V , Mackay Daniel F , Millett Christopher , Pell Jill P , van Schayck Onno CP , Sheikh Aziz 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSmoke-free legislation is associated with improved early-life outcomes; however its impact on perinatal survival is unclear. We linked individual-level data with death certificates for all registered singletons births in England (1995–2011). We used interrupted time series logistic regression analysis to study changes in key adverse perinatal events following the July 2007 national, comprehensive smoke-free legislation. We studied 52,163 stillbirths and 10,238,950 live-births. Smoke-free legislation was associated with an immediate 7.8% (95%CI 3.5–11.8; p < 0.001) reduction in stillbirth, a 3.9% (95%CI 2.6–5.1; p < 0.001) reduction in low birth weight and a 7.6% (95%CI 3.4–11.7; p = 0.001) reduction in neonatal mortality. No significant impact on SIDS was observed. Using a counterfactual scenario, we estimated that in the first four years following smoke-free legislation, 991 stillbirths, 5,470 cases of low birth weight and 430 neonatal deaths were prevented. In conclusion, smoke-free legislation in England was associated with clinically important reductions in severe adverse perinatal outcomes.
Ferroelectricity driven magnetism at domain walls in LaAlO3/PbTiO3 superlattices
Authors: Zhou P. X. , Dong S. , Liu H. M. , Ma C. Y. , Yan Z. B. , Zhong C. G. , Liu J. -M. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCharge dipole moment and spin moment rarely coexist in single-phase bulk materials except in some multiferroics. Despite the progress in the past decade, for most multiferroics their magnetoelectric performance remains poor due to the intrinsic exclusion between charge dipole and spin moment. As an alternative approach, the oxide heterostructures may evade the intrinsic limits in bulk materials and provide more attractive potential to realize the magnetoelectric functions. Here we perform a first-principles study on LaAlO3/PbTiO3 superlattices. Although neither of the components is magnetic, magnetic moments emerge at the ferroelectric domain walls of PbTiO3 in these superlattices. Such a twist between ferroelectric domain and local magnetic moment, not only manifests an interesting type of multiferroicity, but also is possible useful to pursuit the electrical-control of magnetism in nanoscale heterostructures.
Curcumin analogues as selective fluorescence imaging probes for brown adipose tissue and monitoring browning
Authors: Zhang Xueli , Tian Yanli , Zhang Hongbin , Kavishwar Amol , Lynes Matthew , Brownell Anna-Liisa , Sun Hongbin , Tseng Yu-Hua , Moore Anna , Ran Chongzhao 
Published: August 2015

AbstractManipulation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) can be promising new approaches to counter metabolic disorder diseases in humans. Imaging probes that could consistently monitor BAT mass and browning of WAT are highly desirable. In the course of our imaging probe screening, we found that BAT could be imaged with curcumin analogues in mice. However, the poor BAT selectivity over WAT and short emissions of the lead probes promoted further lead optimization. Limited uptake mechanism studies suggested that CD36/FAT (fatty acid transporter) probably contributed to the facilitated uptake of the probes. By increasing the stereo-hindrance of the lead compound, we designed CRANAD-29 to extend the emission and increase the facilitated uptake, thus increasing its BAT selectivity. Our data demonstrated that CRANAD-29 had significantly improved selectivity for BAT over WAT and could be used for imaging BAT mass change in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model, as well as for monitoring BAT activation under cold exposure. In addition, CRANAD-29 could be used for monitoring the browning of subcutaneous WAT (sWAT) induced by β3-adrenoceptor agonist CL-316, 243.
The immune adherence receptor CR1-like existed on porcine erythrocytes membrane
Authors: Yin Wei , Cui Jiaoyan , Jiang Junbing , Zhao Junxing , Fan Kuohai , Sun Na , Wang Zhiwei , Sun Yaogui , Ma Haili , Li Hongquan 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn the present study, we obtain a mouse anti-porcine complement receptor type 1 (CR1)-like monoclonal antibody (McAb) and use this McAb to verify the existence of CR1-like protein on porcine erythrocytes. Our results confirm that CR1-like protein is localized on the surface of porcine erythrocytes. Mouse immunoglobulin G inhibited the binding of serum-opsonized green fluorescent protein-expressing Escherichia coli to porcine erythrocytes. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis indicates that CR1-like McAb reacts with biochemically-purified porcine erythrocyte membrane fractions, with a clear band at 135 kDa to 140 kDa. We postulate that the 135 kDa to 140 kDa membrane protein is the equivalent of the porcine erythrocyte CR1-like protein.