bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased age and race‐specific incidence of cervical cancer after correction for hysterectomy prevalence in the United States from 2000 to 2009
Authors: Rositch Anne F. , Nowak Rebecca G. , Gravitt Patti E. 
Published: May 2014

BACKGROUNDInvasive cervical cancer is thought to decline in women over 65 years old, the age at which cessation of routine cervical cancer screening is recommended. However, national cervical cancer incidence rates do not account for the high prevalence of hysterectomy in the United States.METHODSUsing estimates of hysterectomy prevalence from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), hysterectomy‐corrected age‐standardized and age‐specific incidence rates of cervical cancer were calculated from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 registry in the United States from 2000 to 2009. Trends in corrected cervical cancer incidence across age were analyzed using Joinpoint regression.RESULTSUnlike the relative decline in uncorrected rates, corrected rates continue to increase after age 35‐39 (APCCORRECTED = 10.43) but at a slower rate than in 20‐34 years (APCCORRECTED = 161.29). The highest corrected incidence was among 65‐ to 69‐year‐old women, with a rate of 27.4 cases per 100,000 women as opposed to the highest uncorrected rate of 15.6 cases per 100,000 aged 40 to 44 years. Correction for hysterectomy had the largest impact on older, black women given their high prevalence of hysterectomy.CONCLUSIONSCorrection for hysterectomy resulted in higher age‐specific cervical cancer incidence rates, a shift in the peak incidence to older women, and an increase in the disparity in cervical cancer incidence between black and white women. Given the high and nondeclining rate of cervical cancer in women over the age of 60 to 65 years, when women are eligible to exit screening, risk and screening guidelines for cervical cancer in older women may need to be reconsidered. Cancer 2014;120:2032–2038. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Advances in Modeling Sorption and Diffusion of Moisture in Porous Reactive Materials
Authors: Harley Stephen J. , Glascoe Elizabeth A. , Lewicki James P. , Maxwell Robert S. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWater‐vapor‐uptake experiments were performed on a silica‐filled poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) network and modeled by using two different approaches. The data was modeled by using established methods and the model parameters were used to predict moisture uptake in a sample. The predictions are reasonably good, but not outstanding; many of the shortcomings of the modeling are discussed. A high‐fidelity modeling approach is derived and used to improve the modeling of moisture uptake and diffusion. Our modeling approach captures the physics and kinetics of diffusion and adsorption/desorption, simultaneously. It predicts uptake better than the established method; more importantly, it is also able to predict outgassing. The material used for these studies is a filled‐PDMS network; physical interpretations concerning the sorption and diffusion of moisture in this network are discussed.
Yttrium Oxide/Gadolinium Oxide‐Modified Platinum Nanoparticles as Cathodes for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Luo Yun , Habrioux Aurélien , Calvillo Laura , Granozzi Gaetano , Alonso‐Vante Nicolas 
Published: May 2014

AbstractRare‐earth‐element (Y, Gd) modified Pt nanoparticles (NPs) supported on a carbon substrate (Vulcan XC‐72) are synthesized via a water‐in‐oil chemical route. In both cases, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements show the non‐formation of an alloyed material. Photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) results reveal that Y and Gd are oxidized. Additionally, no evidence of an electronic modification of Pt can be brought to light. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies indicate that Pt‐Y2O3 and Pt‐Gd2O3 particles are well dispersed on the substrate—and that their average particle sizes are smaller than the Pt‐NP sizes. The catalytic activity of the Pt‐Y2O3/C and Pt‐Gd2O3/C catalysts towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is studied in a 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The surface and mass specific activities of the Pt‐Y2O3/C catalyst towards the ORR at 0.9 V (vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE) are (54.3±1.2) μA cm−2Pt and MA=(23.1±0.5) mA mg−1Pt, respectively. These values are 1.3‐, and 1.6‐fold higher than the values obtained with a Pt/C catalyst. Although the as‐prepared Pt‐Gd2O3/C catalyst has a lower catalytic activity for the ORR compared to Pt/C, the heat‐treated sample shows a surface specific activity of about (53.0±0.7) μA cm−2Pt, and a mass specific activity (MA) of about (18.2±0.5) mA mg−1Pt at 0.9 V (vs. RHE). The enhancement of the ORR kinetics on the Pt‐Y2O3/C and heat‐treated Pt‐Gd2O3/C catalysts could be associated with the formation of platinum NPs presenting modified surface properties.
Smart antenna‐assisted spectrum sensing for robust detection in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Qing Haobo , Liu Yuanan , Xie Gang 
Published: May 2014

SummaryIn this paper, we consider the problem of multiband spectrum sensing by employing smart antenna arrays at the cognitive receiver. Although energy detection is widely used for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks because of its simplicity and accuracy, it is severely deteriorated by the noise uncertainty. This paper introduces robust spectrum sensing techniques to circumvent this difficulty, which operate simultaneously over the total frequency channels rather than a single channel each time. To enhance the detection performance, the proposed schemes jointly utilize the information of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, signal and noise subspace components in conjunction with the likelihood functions and Gerschgorin radii. Neither subjective decision threshold setting nor the estimation of noise power is required in our schemes, making them robust to noise uncertainty. Simulations are presented to validate the performance of the proposed schemes, and the results show that our schemes can outperform other existing spectrum sensing methods. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diagnostic benefits and cost‐effectiveness of on‐site imprint cytology adequacy evaluation of core needle biopsies of bone lesions
Authors: Kubik Melanie J. , Mohammadi Amir , Rosa Marilin 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundCore needle biopsy (CNB) is a well‐established, successful technique for the diagnosis of various organ system lesions. To increase diagnostic yield, on‐site cytologic evaluation of adequacy (OCA) is routinely performed at many institutions. Numerous studies evaluating the impact of OCA on CNB have been published. However, little has been said regarding accuracy of OCA for bone lesions.MethodsTo evaluate this, we reviewed our experience during a two‐year period, and compared OCA results with the final diagnosis of the corresponding CNB. For the study, diagnoses were divided into three categories: malignant, benign, and nonspecific/nondiagnostic findings.ResultsSixty‐one cases were included. During OCA, 25 cases were diagnosed as malignant, three cases as benign, and 33 as nonspecific/nondiagnostic. On histologic evaluation, 29 cases were malignant, 16 were benign, and 16 were classified as nonspecific/nondiagnostic. Concordance with final CNB diagnosis was seen in 100% of malignant, 67% of benign, and 45% of nonspecific/nondiagnostic on‐site cytology evaluations. The overall diagnostic success rate of OCA for malignancy was 86% (25/29). The success rate of OCA for benign lesions was only 13%. Fifty‐four percent of cases were diagnosed as nonspecific/nondiagnostic on‐site. This category included four false negative cases.ConclusionsWe conclude that for lesions with a suspicion of malignancy, OCA is a valuable adjuvant diagnostic tool. However, for cases with a benign or nonspecific clinical impression, OCA has a limited diagnostic role. Careful selection of cases in which OCA is beneficial is necessary to maintain accuracy and to limit procedure costs. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2014;42:506–513. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Catalytic Activity of Chloro and Triflate Manganese(II) Complexes in Epoxidation Reactions: Reusable Catalytic Systems for Alkene Epoxidation
Authors: Rich Jordi , Manrique Ester , Molton Florian , Duboc Carole , Collomb Marie‐Noëlle , Rodríguez Montserrat , Romero Isabel 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe catalytic oxidation of a series of alkenes by three MnII complexes, MnCl2[(–)‐L]2 (1), ({MnCl[(–)‐L]}2(μ‐Cl)2) (2), and Mn(CF3SO3)2[(–)‐L]2 (3), having the bidentate N‐ligand (–)‐pinene[5,6]bipyridine, (–)‐L, and using peracetic acid as oxidant in acetonitrile is described. The performance of catalysts 1 and 2 is enhanced by the use of additives (NaHCO3 and imidazole) and also using a [bmim]/acetonitrile mixture as reaction media. The latter conditions allow recyclability of the catalytic system, keeping good selectivity and conversion values in some cases. The nature of the species formed in acetonitrile after the addition of peracetic acid has been investigated through EPR and UV/Vis spectroscopy. The results point to the formation of high‐valent manganese species, among which a di‐μ‐oxo‐bridged Mn2(III,IV) binuclear species was unambiguously identified for complex 3 through a typical 16‐line EPR signature.
Iron‐Mediated Direct Arylation of Unactivated Arenes in Air
Authors: Huang Yuxing , Moret Marc‐Etienne , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBiaryls are a common motif in both natural and synthetic chemicals. Several methods have recently been reported for the preparation of these compounds using direct arylation catalyzed by iron, other base metals, or transition‐metal‐free systems. To date, these methods have all required inert and/or forcing conditions, which limited their application in routine organic synthesis. In this article we report a protocol for direct arylation using a convenient FeCl3/1,10‐phenanthroline system as precatalyst. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions (100 °C), under air, and with non‐distilled solvent.
Germany for the World Cup!?
Authors: Tolan Metin 
Published: May 2014

Abstract“It's what happens on the pitch that matters,” said Adi Preissler and Otto Rehhagel, former German footballers and coaches, in some oft‐quoted words of football wisdom. Statistically, the German national side managed by Jogi Löw is 6.5 times more likely than an “average” team to finally bring home the title again. Here is a scientific approach to a World Cup forecast that uses a few mathematical tricks and computer simulations.
Seromucinous hamartoma in the nasal cavity medial to the middle turbinate: Report of 2 cases and review of the literature
Authors: Huang Chien‐Chia , Lee Ta‐Jen , Huang Chi‐Che , Wu Pei‐Wen 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundSeromucinous hamartoma, a type of epithelial hamartoma, is a rare benign glandular proliferation of the sinonasal tract and nasopharynx. Herein, we present 2 rare cases of seromucinous hamartoma arising in the nasal cavity medial to the middle turbinate.Methods and ResultsThis is a case report of 2 patients diagnosed with seromucinous hamartoma of the nasal cavity and a review of the literature.ConclusionSeromucinous hamartoma of the nasal cavity is an exceedingly rare diagnosis but should be included in the differential diagnosis of a posterior nasal tumor. Most cases arise from the posterior nasal cavity medial to the middle turbinate rather than lateral to the middle turbinate. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: E15‐E18, 2015
Reconstructive strategies for dermatofibrosarcomas of the face: Role of regenerative dermal templates
Authors: Sartore Leonardo , Erica Dalla Venezia , Puppa Alessandro Della , Bedogni Alberto , Campana Luca , Giatsidis Giorgio 
Published: May 2014

AbstractBackgroundDermatofibrosarcomas protuberans is a challenging cutaneous tumor from an oncologic and reconstructive surgical point of view. Involvement of functionally and aesthetically sensitive areas, such as facial units, in young patients accounts for more demanding cases. An updated evaluation of most beneficial excisional/reconstructive strategies in these cases is still lacking.MethodsWe investigated the potential of regenerative dermal templates in staged postoncologic reconstructive management of a young woman affected by a dermatofibrosarcomas protuberans of the forehead involving the frontal bone.ResultsFinal result was optimal in terms of cosmetic and functional recovery, obtaining a pliability, softness, and color similar to surrounding healthy skin.ConclusionIn facial dermatofibrosarcomas protuberans, staged reconstruction with regenerative dermal templates provides a conservative yet safe and effective management, achieving optimal aesthetic outcomes. We suggest its adoption as first‐line treatment in facial dermatofibrosarcomas protuberans that cannot be repaired by direct suture and in equivalent benign yet challenging cases. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: E8–E11, 2015
Early oral feeding after total laryngectomy: A systematic review
Authors: Aires Felipe Toyama , Dedivitis Rogério Aparecido , Petrarolha Sílvia Miguéis Picado , Bernardo Wanderley Marques , Cernea Claudio Roberto , Brandão Lenine Garcia 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundEarly oral feeding for patients who underwent total laryngectomy is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of initiating early oral feeding after total laryngectomy regarding pharyngocutaneous fistula. The survey included research in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS.MethodsThe intervention analyzed was early oral feeding (<5 days), whereas the control group received late oral feeding (>7 days) after total laryngectomy.ResultsFrom 304 studies, 4 randomized clinical trials with 180 patients were selected. In the early oral feeding group, the incidence was 6.7%, whereas in the late oral feeding group it was 10%, with no statistically significant difference (IC95% −0.11 to 0.05; p = .42; I2 = 0%). Four cohort studies with 490 patients were also selected. In the early oral feeding group, the incidence was 12.2%, whereas in the other group, it was 10.1%, with no statistically significant difference (IC95% −0.05 to 0.08; p = .67; I2 = 0%).ConclusionThere is no increase in pharyngocutaneous fistula rates in patients who receive early oral feeding after total laryngectomy. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 1532–1535, 2015
Core Binding Factor Beta (Cbfβ) Controls the Balance of Chondrocyte Proliferation and Differentiation by Upregulating Indian hedgehog (Ihh) Expression and Inhibiting Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein Receptor (PPR) Expression in Postnatal Cartilage and Bone Formation
Authors: Tian Fei , Wu Mengrui , Deng Lianfu , Zhu Guochun , Ma Junqing , Gao Bo , Wang Lin , Li Yi-Ping , Chen Wei 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Core binding factor beta (Cbfβ) is essential for embryonic bone morphogenesis. Yet the mechanisms by which Cbfβ regulates chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation as well as postnatal cartilage and bone formation remain unclear. Hence, using paired-related homeobox transcription factor 1-Cre (Prx1-Cre) mice, mesenchymal stem cell–specific Cbfβ-deficient (Cbfβf/fPrx1-Cre) mice were generated to study the role of Cbfβ in postnatal cartilage and bone development. These mutant mice survived to adulthood but exhibited severe sternum and limb malformations. Sternum ossification was largely delayed in the Cbfβf/fPrx1-Cre mice and the xiphoid process was noncalcified and enlarged. In newborn and 7-day-old Cbfβf/fPrx1-Cre mice, the resting zone was dramatically elongated, the proliferation zone and hypertrophic zone of the growth plates were drastically shortened and disorganized, and trabecular bone formation was reduced. Moreover, in 1-month-old Cbfβf/fPrx1-Cre mice, the growth plates were severely deformed and trabecular bone was almost absent. In addition, Cbfβ deficiency impaired intramembranous bone formation both in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, although the expression of Indian hedgehog (Ihh) was largely reduced, the expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) receptor (PPR) was dramatically increased in the Cbfβf/fPrx1-Cre growth plate, indicating that that Cbfβ deficiency disrupted the Ihh-PTHrP negative regulatory loop. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis and promoter luciferase assay demonstrated that the Runx/Cbfβ complex binds putative Runx-binding sites of the Ihh promoter regions, and also the Runx/Cbfβ complex directly upregulates Ihh expression at the transcriptional level. Consistently, the expressions of Ihh target genes, including CyclinD1, Ptc, and Pthlh, were downregulated in Cbfβ-deficient chondrocytes. Taken together, our study reveals not only that Cbfβ is essential for chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation for the growth and maintenance of the skeleton in postnatal mice, but also that it functions in upregulating Ihh expression to promoter chondrocyte proliferation and osteoblast differentiation, and inhibiting PPR expression to enhance chondrocyte differentiation. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Blockade of CD26 Signaling Inhibits Human Osteoclast Development
Authors: Nishida Hiroko , Suzuki Hiroshi , Madokoro Hiroko , Hayashi Mutsumi , Morimoto Chikao , Sakamoto Michiie , Yamada Taketo 
Published: May 2014

Abstract

Bone remodeling is maintained by the delicate balance between osteoblasts (OBs) and osteoclasts (OCs). However, the role of CD26 in regulating bone remodeling has not yet been characterized. We herein show that CD26 is preferentially expressed on normal human OCs and is intensely expressed on activated human OCs in osteolytic bone alterations. Macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and soluble receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (sRANKL) induced human OC differentiation, in association with CD26 expression on monocyte-macrophage lineage cells. CD26 expression was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), which is crucial for early human OC differentiation. The humanized anti-CD26 monoclonal antibody, huCD26mAb, impaired the formation and function of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)/CD26 positive multi-nucleated (nuclei &gt; 3) OCs with maturation in the manner of dose-dependency. It was revealed that huCD26mAb inhibits early OC differentiation via the inactivation of MKK3/6, p38 MAPK and subsequent dephosphorylation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (mi/Mitf). These inhibitions occur immediately after RANKL binds to RANK on the human OC precursor cells and were demonstrated using the OC functional assays. huCD26mAb subsequently impaired OC maturation and bone resorption by suppressing the expression of TRAP and OC fusion proteins. In addition, p38 MAPK inhibitor also strongly inhibited OC formation and function. Our results suggest that the blockade of CD26 signaling impairs the development of human functional OCs by inhibiting p38 MAPK-mi/Mitf phosphorylation pathway and that targeting human OCs with huCD26mAb may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of osteolytic lesions following metastasis to alleviate bone destruction and reduce total skeletal-related events (SREs). © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Mechanical Load Increases in Bone Formation via a Sclerostin-Independent Pathway
Authors: Morse Alyson , McDonald Michelle Maree , Kelly Natalie H , Melville Katherine M , Schindeler Aaron , Kramer Ina , Kneissel Michaela , van der Meulen Marjolein CH , Little David Graham 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACT

Sclerostin, encoded by the Sost gene, is an important negative regulator of bone formation that has been proposed to have a key role in regulating the response to mechanical loading. To investigate the effect of long-term Sclerostin deficiency on mechanotransduction in bone, we performed experiments on unloaded or loaded tibiae of 10 week old female Sost−/− and wild type mice. Unloading was induced via 0.5U botulinum toxin (BTX) injections into the right quadriceps and calf muscles, causing muscle paralysis and limb disuse. On a separate group of mice, increased loading was performed on the left tibiae through unilateral cyclic axial compression of equivalent strains (+1200 µe) at 1200 cycles/day, 5 days/week. Another cohort of mice receiving equivalent loads (−9.0 N) also were assessed. Contralateral tibiae served as normal load controls. Loaded/unloaded and normal load tibiae were assessed at day 14 for bone volume (BV) and formation changes. Loss of BV was seen in the unloaded tibiae of wild type mice, but BV was not different between normal load and unloaded Sost−/− tibiae. An increase in BV was seen in the loaded tibiae of wild type and Sost−/− mice over their normal load controls. The increased BV was associated with significantly increased mid-shaft periosteal mineralizing surface/bone surface (MS/BS), mineral apposition rate (MAR), and bone formation rate/bone surface (BFR/BS), and endosteal MAR and BFR/BS. Notably, loading induced a greater increase in periosteal MAR and BFR/BS in Sost−/− mice than in wild type controls. Thus, long-term Sclerostin deficiency inhibits the bone loss normally induced with decreased mechanical load, but it can augment the increase in bone formation with increased load. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Nuclear Translocation of β‐Catenin Mediates the Parathyroid Hormone‐Induced Endothelial‐to‐Mesenchymal Transition in Human Renal Glomerular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Wu Min , Tang Ri‐Ning , Liu Hong , Ma Kun‐Ling , Lv Lin‐Li , Liu Bi‐Cheng 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTEmerging evidence shows that increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) accelerates endothelial injury and subsequent organ fibrosis. Although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, the endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has recently been demonstrated to be a crucial event during fibrotic disorders. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether elevated PTH could induce EndMT in primary human renal glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) and to determine the possible underlying signaling pathway. The expression of EndMT‐related markers was determined by real‐time PCR, Western blotting, and confocal microscopy. The results showed that PTH receptor (PTHR) was expressed in GECs and its expression was decreased by increasing concentration of PTH. Moreover, PTH significantly inhibited the expression of endothelial marker CD31 and increased the expression of mesenchymal markers FSP1 and α‐SMA in concentration‐ and time‐dependent manners. Confocal microscopy revealed an increasing overlap of CD31 with FSP1 in some GECs after PTH treatment. The expression of type I collagen was upregulated by PTH. Furthermore, PTH enhanced the nuclear β‐catenin protein levels, and decreased cytoplasmic β‐catenin expression in GECs was observed. In contrast, DKK1, an inhibitor of β‐catenin nuclear translocation, attenuated such changes in EndMT‐related markers induced by PTH. In summary, these data demonstrated that elevated PTH‐induced EndMT in human GECs might be partially mediated by the nuclear translocation of β‐catenin. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 1692–1701, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.