bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of organizational readiness for implementing an online pain education program for chronic musculoskeletal pain in public health: a cross-sectional study.
Authors: Baroni Marina Pegoraro , Bomfim Rafael Aiello , Gallon Bruna Camillo , Bim Cintia Raquel , Hespanhol Luiz , Saragiotto Bruno Tirotti 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Understanding the organizational readiness for behavior change is paramount for implementation success of new interventions and to avoid waste of resources.
Objective: To assess organizational readiness of primary healthcare providers to refer users with chronic musculoskeletal pain for an online pain education program at the secondary level of care.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using an online survey. We used the Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change questionnaire (ORIC-Br) to assess organizational readiness. We interpreted the domains of change efficacy and change commitment in terms of means (mean scores ≥4 indicates ready for implementation change in each domain) or proportions (≥50% of respondents considering scores ≥4 for each domain). Descriptive analyses were used to depict respondent characteristics and overall ORIC-Br scores.
Results: 155 primary healthcare providers participated in the study (39.2 ±10.6 years old, 87.7% [n=136] women). 65 of them (41.9%) work at Family Health teams only and 90 (58.1%) work at Family Health teams with multidisciplinary team. The mean of ORIC-Br score was 3.4±1.1 (95% CI: 3.2 to 3.5). Primary healthcare units that have Family Health team only seem to be not ready for implementing change in terms of efficacy (64.6%, n=42) and commitment (63.1%, n=41). Family Health teams with multidisciplinary team seem to be more ready for implementing change in terms of commitment (50%, n=45) and not ready in terms of efficacy (52.3%, n=47).
Conclusion: Organizational readiness for referring SUS users to the EducaDor program was low in most of the Family Health teams.
A survey on medication adherence and influencing factors among 226 peritoneal dialysis patients in a primary hospital in China
Authors: Ling Chen , Ouyang Yuxia , Cao Jiaqi , Bi Jingwen , Yunfang Zhang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose To investigate the current status of medication adherence among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients in a primary hospital and to explore the influencing factors of medication adherence among PD patients.
Methods The author used the Chinese version of the Morisky Medication Compliance Scale to evaluate the medication compliance of 226 PD patients in a single centre. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the factors influencing medication compliance in patients.
Results: Among PD patients, 36 had poor medication adherence (15.9%), 89 had moderate adherence (39.38%), and 101 had good adherence (44.69%). Univariate analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference between groups in age (c2=2.895, P=0.036) and dialysis age (c2=2.376, P=0.04); Logistic regression multivariate analysis demonstrated that age (OR=1.030, 95% CI: 1.002-1.059; P=0.037) is a factor affecting patient drug compliance.
Conclusions: PD medical teams should pay attention to the medication compliance issues of young patients and those with short dialysis age. With the help of information technology, the medical staff could carry out various forms of health education to improve the medication compliance of PD patients.
The RNA m5C methylase NSUN4 protects retinal ganglion cells by regulating m5C methylation in the Hedgehog signaling pathway
Authors: Li Yahong , Li Dian , Geng Chao , Wei Ruihua , Duan Yajian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, is characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) damage. NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 4 (NSUN4), a known 5-methylcytosine (m5C) writer, is an essential dual-function mitochondrial protein that facilitates both the process of methylation and the coordination of mitoribosome assembly. However, few studies have focused on its role in RGCs. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) combined with RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was subsequently conducted to identify differences in the m5C methylome and gene expression profile in the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced RGC injury model in vivo. We demonstrated that the significantly hypomethylated mRNAs were significantly enriched in the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway in the NMDA group and that the mRNA expression of the m5C writer Nsun4 was downregulated. Subsequently, we examined the role of NSUN4 in R28 cells in response to glutamate stimulation. m5C dot blot and MeRIP (real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR) qPCR were employed to screen and validate the molecular mechanism of NSUN4 in glutamate-induced R28 cells through m5C regulation. Functionally, NSUN4 suppressed Ca2+ overload, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis of R28 cells in vitro. Mechanistically, NSUN4 increased the global mRNA m5C methylation level of Shh, GLI Family Zinc Finger Protein 1 (Gli1) and Gli2. Our study revealed that NSUN4 can alleviate the death of RGCs, which is associated with increased expression of Shh, Gli1 and Gli2 in the SHH signaling pathway in a m5C-dependent manner in R28 cells. Our findings provide new insights into potential biomarkers of retinal excitotoxity.
A Dirichlet-multinomial mixed model for detecting differential abundance of mutational signatures
Authors: ́ Lena Morrill Gavarro , Couturier Dominique-Laurent , Markowetz Florian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Mutational processes of diverse origin leave their imprints in the genome during tumour evolution. These imprints are called mutational signatures and they have been characterised for point mutations, structural variants and copy number changes. Each signature has an exposure, or abundance, per sample, which indicates how much a process has contributed to the overall genomic change. Mutational processes are not static, and a better understanding of their dynamics is key to characterise tumour evolution and identify cancer weaknesses that can be exploited during treatment. However, the structure of the data typically collected in this context makes it difficult to test whether signature exposures differ between samples or time-points. In general, the data consist of (1) patient-dependent vectors of counts for each sample and clonality group (2) generated from a covariate-dependent and compositional vector of probabilities with (3) a possibly group-dependent over-dispersion level. To model these data, we build on the Dirichlet-multinomial model to be able to model multivariate overdispersed vectors of counts as well as within-sample dependence and positive correlations between signatures. To estimate the model parameters, we implement a maximum likelihood estimator with a Laplace approximation of the random effect high-dimensional integrals and assess its bias and coverage by means of Monte Carlo simulations. We apply our approach to characterise differences of mutational processes between clonal and subclonal mutations across 23 cancer types of the PCAWG cohort. We find ubiquitous differential abundance of clonal and subclonal signatures across cancer types, and higher dispersion of signatures in the subclonal group, indicating higher variability between patients at subclonal level, possibly due to the presence of different clones with distinct active mutational processes. Mutational signature analysis is an expanding field and we envision our framework to be used widely to detect global changes in mutational process activity.
Analysis of High-Efficiency Field Modulated Multi-Phase Linear Generator for Wave Power Generation
Authors: Wang Jungang , Zheng Zheng , yu Caifu , Mo Ruina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

With the energy shortage and environmental problems becoming increasingly prominent, wave energy as a clean energy has become a hot research spot for scholars around the world. However, wave energy generators have problems such as low power density, low conversion efficiency and large fluctuation of detent force. To address these problems, a novel high-efficiency field modulated multi-phase linear generator (HFMMLG) for wave energy generation is proposed in this paper. Different from traditional three-phase field modulated linear generator (TTFMLG), double-side five-phase structure is adopted by HFMMLG, secondary mover integrates the magnetic adjusting ring(MAR) with the secondary armature. The topology of this new HFMMLG based on the magnetic field modulation theory is designed by this paper. The finite element model of HFMMLG and TTFMLG are established, and comparatively analyzes its power density, conversion efficiency and detent force. It is results show that the new HFMMLG designed in this paper improves the output power by 5.6 compared with TTFMLG, and the generator has smaller detent force. Therefore, the novel generator designed in this paper can greatly improve the generator power density and conversion efficiency, improve the stability of the generator and provides new ideas for the development of new wave energy linear generator.
Constrained least squares simplicial-simplicial regression
Authors: Tsagris Michail 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Simplicial-simplicial regression refers to the regression setting where both the responses and predictor variables lie within the simplex space, i.e. they are compositional. For this setting, constrained least squares, where the regression coefficients themselves lie within the simplex, is proposed. The model is transformation-free but the adoption of a power transformation is straightforward, it can treat more than one compositional datasets as predictors and offers the possibility of weights among the simplicial predictors. Among the model’s advantages are its ability to treat zeros in a natural way and a highly computationally efficient algorithm to estimate its coefficients. Resampling based hypothesis testing procedures are employed regarding inference, such as linear independence, and equality of the regression coefficients to some pre-specified values. The strategy behind the formulation new model is implemented to a an existing methodology, that is of the same spirit, showcasing how other similar models can be employed as well. Finally, the performance of the proposed technique and its comparison to the existing methodology takes place using simulation studies and real data examples.
Cross-sectional study of proteomic differences between moderate and severe psoriasis
Authors: Wu Lingling , Cen Chen , Xie Bibo , Hu Lihua , Huang Jia , Shen Ningning , Dong Qiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Although an ongoing understanding of psoriasis vulgaris (PV) pathogenesis, little is known about the proteomic differences between moderate and severe psoriasis. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the proteomic differences between moderate and severe psoriasis using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS). 173 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were significantly differentially expressed between the two groups. Among them, 85 proteins were upregulated, while 88 were downregulated (FC ≥ ± 1.5, P < 0.05). Eighteen DEPs were mainly enriched in the IL − 17 signalling pathway, Neutrophil extracellular trap formation, Neutrophil degranulation and NF − kappa B signalling pathway, which were associated with psoriasis pathogenesis. Ingenuity pathway Analysis (IPA) identified TNF and TDP53 as the top upstream up-regulators, while Lipopolysaccharide and YAP1 were the top potential down-regulators. The main active pathways were antimicrobial peptides and PTEN signalling, while the inhibitory pathways were the neutrophil extracellular trap pathway, neutrophil degranulation, and IL-8 signalling. 4D-parallel reaction monitoring (4D-PRM) suggested that KRT6A were downregulated in severe psoriasis. Our data identify Eighteen DEPs as biomarkers of disease severity, and are associated with IL − 17 signalling pathway, Neutrophil extracellular trap formation, NF − kappa B signalling pathway, and defence response to the bacterium. Targeting these molecules and measures to manage infection may improve psoriasis's severity and therapeutic efficacy.
Positive education through social media to reduce negative stereotypes towards old age: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Fuente-Hernández Lucía , Fuente-Ruiz Elena de la , Gracia-García Patricia , Serrano-García Irene , Álvarez-Mon Miguel Ángel , Molina-Ruiz Rosa M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the effectiveness of positive psychoeducation regarding aging, disseminated through social media channels, in mitigating negative stereotypes. Additionally, we aim to explore any potential associations between various sociodemographic variables and the prevalence of negative stereotypes towards the elderly.
Methods
This quasi-experimental study involved an experimental group comprising subjects who underwent a 7-day intervention. The study aimed to evaluate any alterations in negative stereotypes towards aging both before and after the intervention. The intervention consisted of daily publication of positive messages about aging on a social media account. Two questionnaires were used: one collecting sociodemographic variables and the Questionnaire for Evaluating Negative Stereotypes towards Aging. Snowball sampling through social media was employed, with 109 subjects completing the study.
Results
Participants who followed the social media intervention showed a reduction in scores on the Questionnaire for Evaluating Negative Stereotypes towards Aging. Sociodemographic variables did not show any interaction with negative stereotypes towards aging before and after the intervention.
Discussion
This investigations presents promising outcomes results in diminishing negative stereotypes regarding aging through psychoeducational efforts on social media. Despite certain limitations, the findgins highlight the potential of educational initiatives on social media platforms to enhance the health and well-being of individuals across different age cohorts.
Blink-induced changes in pupil dynamics are consistent and heritable
Authors: Demiral Şükrü Barış , Volkow Nora D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Pupil size and blink rates are heritable but the extent to which they interact with one another has not been properly investigated. Though changes in pupil size due to eye blinks have been reported, they are considered a pupillary artifact. In this study we used the HCP 7T fMRI dataset with resting state eye-tracking data obtained in monozygous and dizygous twins to assess their heritability and their interactions. For this purpose, we characterized the pupil dilation (positive peak) and constriction (negative peak) that followed blink events, which we describe as blink-induced pupillary response (BIPR). We show that the BIPR is highly consistent with a positive dilatory peak (D-peak) around 500ms and a negative constricting peak (C-peak) around 1s. These patterns were reproducible within- and between-subjects across two time points and differed by vigilance state (vigilant versus drowsy). By comparing BIPR between monozygous and dizygous twins we show that BIPR have a heritable component with significant additive genetic (A) and environmental (E) factors dominating the structural equation models, particularly in the time-domain for both D- and C-peaks and amplitude domain for the C-peak. (a2 between 42–49%). Blink duration, pupil size and blink rate were also found to be highly heritable (a2 up to 62% for pupil size). Our study documents an association between BIPR and wakefulness and indicates that BIPR should not be treated as a coincidental artefact, but part of a larger oculomotor system that we label here as Oculomotor Adaptive System, OAS, that is genetically determined.
Environmental change and rural livelihoods in the High Atlas Mountains of Morocco
Authors: Woodmansee Adele , Aakairi Meryem , Gerard Bruno , Hassani Omar Saadani , Ouarghidi Abderrahim , Power Alison , Rossiter David , McDonald Andrew 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The High Atlas Mountains of Morocco are recognized as global hotspot for rapid environmental change, but there is limited information about how communities and households are responding to these changes. Rural livelihoods that are dependent on agriculture are highly vulnerable to intensifying climate extremes, especially when these stressors intersect with long-term socioeconomic trends including out-migration to urban centers. In 2022–2023, we carried out a household surveys and focus group discussions to understand the evolution of livelihood strategies in four Amazigh villages in Imegdal Commune in the western High Atlas. Results suggest that water shortages are causing cropping systems to simplify as households stop planting some crop species and reduce the area planted to others. Households are also reducing livestock numbers in response to the current multi-year drought and reductions in labor availability created by migration. Other natural resource-based activities, including beekeeping and collecting wild herbs, are being abandoned. This study suggests that decreasing precipitation is rapidly undermining the viability of agricultural activities in the High Atlas. In the absence of viable adaptation strategies, this could lead to a profound restructuring of rural livelihoods across the region.
Clinical and Psychosocial Differences in Early and Late-Onset Psoriasis: A Comparative Study
Authors: Yıldırım Elif Afacan , Polat Muhterem 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease mediated by the immune system, known for significantly impacting psychosocial well-being. This study aims to compare clinical and psychosocial characteristics between early-onset (< 40 years) and late-onset (≥ 40 years) psoriasis patients.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 190 patients diagnosed with psoriasis. Patients were categorized into early-onset (n = 135) and late-onset (n = 55) groups. Data on demographics, clinical features, comorbidities, and psychosocial factors were collected. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were used to assess psychological impact and quality of life. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, t-tests, and correlation analyses.
Results:
Early-onset patients were more likely to have a family history of psoriasis (43.7% vs. 16.4%, p < 0.001). Pustular psoriasis was more prevalent in the late-onset group (27.3% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.006). A significant positive correlation was found between DLQI scores and HAD-Total, HAD-A, and HAD-D scores (p < 0.001). Psychological stress was reported as a disease trigger by 63.1% of patients, with a higher proportion in the early-onset group (p = 0.025). Despite no significant difference in DLQI and HAD scores between the groups, early-onset patients showed higher sensitivity to stress.
Conclusions:
Early-onset psoriasis patients are more likely to report stress as a trigger and have a stronger family history, while late-onset patients exhibit higher rates of pustular psoriasis and increased BMI. These findings highlight the need for tailored management strategies addressing the distinct clinical and psychosocial needs of early and late-onset psoriasis patients. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to better understand these relationships.
Does bile exposure during surgery affect the postoperative recovery and complications of pediatric patients with choledochal cysts treated by laparoscopic surgery?
Authors: Yano Keisuke , Murakami Masakazu , Onishi Shun , Sugita Koshiro , Harumatsu Toshio , Kawano Takafumi , Baba Tokuro , Kuda Masaaki , Miyoshi Kina , Koga Yoshinori , Kuwabara Jun , Masuya Ryuta , Hayashida Makoto , Nakame Kazuhiko , Shinyama Shin , Tatsuta Kyosuke , Yanagi Yusuke , Hirose Ryuichiro , Shono Takeshi , Migita Misato , Kaji Tatsuru , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa , Nanashima Atsushi , Matsufuji Hiroshi , Ieiri Satoshi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
We aimed to investigate the impact of intraoperative bile exposure (BE) on postoperative recovery and complications in pediatric patients with choledochal cysts (CCs).
Methods
We reviewed the medical records of CC patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery at our institutions between 2016 and 2024. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence (BE group) or absence (control group) of intraoperative BE.
Results
Forty patients were enrolled (control group, n = 29; BE group, n = 11). The clinical data were compared between the two groups. The patients’ background characteristics, operative data, intraoperative adverse events, and postoperative complications during hospitalization did not significantly differ between the two groups. The incidence of postoperative cholangitis in the long-term postoperative period was significantly higher in the BE group than in the control group (2(6.9%) vs. 4(36.4%), p = 0.03). However, they did not have stenosis at the anastomotic site or intrahepatic stones.
Conclusion
intraoperative BE did not affect the postoperative recovery of patients with CC treated by laparoscopic surgery. However, it did affect the rate of occurrence of cholangitis in the postoperative chronic period. Further investigations are necessary to clarify the mechanism underlying the development of postoperative cholangitis in pediatric patients with CC.
Effect of Cryoablation in Nuss Bar Placement on Opioid Utilization and Length of Stay
Authors: Clinker Christopher , Scaife Jack , Eldredge R Scott , Russell Katie W. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Our institution recently transitioned from paravertebral nerve blocks (PVB) to intercostal nerve cryoablation (INC) for pain control following minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE). This study aimed to determine how INC affected the operative time, length of stay, complication rates, inpatient opioid use, and outpatient prescription of opioids at a single center.
METHODS
A retrospective review was performed at a single pediatric referral center of all patients who underwent MIRPE between 2018–2023. Patient demographics, operative details, and perioperative course were collected. The use of INC versus PVB was recorded. Univariate analyses were performed using Wilcoxon rank sum tests for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for categorical variables.
RESULTS
255 patients were included with a median age of 15 years, median BMI of 18.50 kg/m2, and median Haller index of 4.40. INC was utilized in 41% (105/255), and 59% (150/255) received PVB. The two groups did not differ significantly in BMI, Haller index, or complications, though the INC patients were older by 1 year (15.0 vs 16.0, p = 0.034). INC was associated with an increased operative time (INC: 92 min vs. PVB: 67 min, p < 0.001), decreased length of stay (3 vs. 4 days, p = < 0.001), more than 2-fold decrease in inpatient opioids per day (INC: 16 (MME) vs PVB 41 (MME), p < 0.001), and a four-fold decrease in the amount of opioids prescribed at discharge (INC: 90 MME) vs PVB 390 MME, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
INC after MIRPE significantly decreased both the inpatient opioid utilization and our outpatient prescribing practices while also decreasing our overall length of stay without increasing complications.
Level of Evidence: Level III