bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal designing and parameter selection of voltage source inverter for real-time performance analysis in weak grid and standalone mode
Authors: Singh Harendra Pal Singh Harendra Pal , Swami Anurag K. Swami Anurag K. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In this study the grid impedance-based stability is concerned and improve the inverter stability for lower-voltage distribution networks. Also proposes the optimal filter and controller parameters for weak grids, considering IEEE std 519. The two methods are employed to enhance the inverter stability: (A). Changing the output impedance of the VSI by adjusting the grid-side inductance, (B). Optimizing the parameters for filter design and VSI controller. Ziegler-Nichols (ZN), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and a real coded Genetic Algorithm (GA) are used to obtain the optimized CCL parameters to maintain the VSI stability and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) level at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) during the parametric uncertainty. The VSI-based system connected to the weak grid and in standalone mode is simulated on a real-time simulator, i.e., Typhoon HIL, to validate the effectiveness of obtained optimized CCL parameters by changing various conditions like filter inductance variation, grid Short Circuit Ratio (SCR), output power regulation and sudden load change in a standalone distribution network. The MATLAB/SIMULINK with m-files is utilized for the parameters optimization and controller model simulation purposes for VSI-based system. This paper presents a comprehensive review on how to choose the best inverter component parameters and their impact under different real-world conditions, whether the inverter is connected to the grid or not.
Turbulence Structure and Mixing in Strongly Stable Couette Flows over Thermally Heterogeneous Surfaces: Effect of Heterogeneity Orientation
Authors: Mironov Dmitrii , Sullivan Peter 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of plane Couette flows over thermally heterogeneous surfaces at bulk Reynolds number Re=104 and bulk Richardson number Ri=0.25 are performed. The focus of the present study (that extends previous studies by the authors) is on the effect on the boundary-layer structure of the orientation of the surface heterogeneity patterns relative to the mean velocity. The temperature of the upper and lower walls is either homogeneous or varies sinusoidally, where the temperature-wave crests are either normal or parallel to the mean flow (HETx and HETy cases, respectively). Importantly, the horizontal-mean surface temperature is the same in all simulations. The stratification is strong enough to quench turbulence over a homogeneous surface, but turbulence survives over heterogeneous surfaces. In all heterogeneous cases, both molecular diffusion and turbulence contribute to down-gradient momentum transfer. The total (diffusive plus turbulent) heat flux is directed downward, but turbulent motions generated by the surface thermal heterogeneity transfer heat up the gradient of the mean temperature. Comparative analysis of HETx and HETy cases shows that the configuration with the spanwise heterogeneity is more turbulent and more efficient in transporting momentum and heat vertically than its counterpart with the streamwise heterogeneity. Vertical profiles of mean fields and turbulence moments differ considerably between the HETx and HETy cases, e.g., the streamwise heat flux differs not only in magnitude but also in sign. A close examination of the second-order turbulence moments, vertical-velocity and temperature skewness, and the flow eddy structure helps explain the observed differences between the HETx and HETy cases. The implications of our DNS findings for modelling turbulence in stably-stratified environmental and industrial flows with surface heterogeneity are discussed.
STRAP positively regulates the antiviral immune response against pseudorabies virus via targeting TBK1
Authors: He Wenfeng , Chang Hongtao , Li Chen , Wang Chenlong , Li Longxi , Yang Guoqing , Chen Jing , Liu Huimin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Serine/threonine kinase receptor associated protein (STRAP) functions as a scaffold protein and involves in diverse cellular processes, yet its role in antiviral innate immunity is still elusive. Here, we found that STRAP acts as an interferon (IFN)-inducible positive regulator to facilitate type I IFN signaling during pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection. Mechanistically, STRAP interacted with TBK1 and promoted the activation of type I IFN signaling. Both the CT and WD40 7 − 6 domains contribute to STRAP’s function. Furthermore, TBK1 competed with PRV-UL50 for binding to STRAP, and STRAP impedes the degradation of TBK1 mediated by PRV-UL50, thereby augmenting the interaction between STRAP and TBK1. In general, these findings revealed a previously unrecognized role for STRAP in innate antiviral immune responses in PRV infection. STRAP could be a potential therapeutic target for viral infectious diseases.
How to Reduce the Vulnerability of Pregnant Women in Disasters? Components and criteria for improving the resilience of pregnant women in disasters; a systematic review
Authors: Zamani Elham , Kolivand Pirhossein , Namdar Peyman , Kivi Hamid Karimi , Azari Samad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background and purpose: Climate changes, the emergence of epidemics, and the increase in the number of disasters, disaster management systems, such as health management, have faced many challenges especially for pregnant women. The studies carried out regarding the impact of disasters on pregnant women mostly focus on the vulnerability aspects of this group in disasters, and there is no comprehensive study of the criteria of preparation, resilience and empowerment of pregnant women to deal with disasters. The present study, using a systematic review method, seeks to find effective components and criteria for improving the resilience of pregnant women against disasters.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Scopus, Cochran Library, PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest and Science Direct databases to identify relevant literature. The search keywords of the articles included "pregnant women", "disasters" and "resilience". By screening the articles based on the PRISMA flowchart and the STROBE checklist to evaluate the final selected articles, the effective components and criteria in improving the resilience of pregnant women against disasters were extracted
Results: In the systematic search of articles, 3939 articles were obtained, after removing duplicates and screening the title/abstract, after reviewing full content of articles, finally 7 articles were selected for final evaluation. The results obtained, in the form of 5 themes; Preparedness, social support, provision of vital needs, mental health and awareness and information providing were categorized.
Conclusion: The results of this study provide a perspective of the challenges and influential components in improving the resilience of pregnant women in disasters. This information can be use as recommendation and the basis for managers' planning and policymakers of disaster management in preparing for future disasters especially disasters related to climate change in the field of health, treatment, support, and care of pregnant women in disasters.
It Takes a Village: Health and Old-Age Support in China
Authors: Oliveira Jaqueline , Kerr Amanda 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

How do older individuals cope with health impairments and the potential economic losses that ensue? Exploiting longitudinal data on a nationally representative sample of Chinese seniors, we investigate whether and how familial economic support responds to sudden and sizable changes in health. We find that both financial and instrumental support from children go up following a health shock. Furthermore, financial transfers coming from siblings, other relatives and friends increase by a larger percentage than those from children. We also find evidence that instrumental care received from a spouse responds strongly to health shocks. Finally, we find that although labor supply and earned income drop considerably, there is no significant change in non-health expenditure. Our results suggest that households are able to cope with some of the adverse economic impacts of health shocks by relying on support networks that extend beyond their children and grand-children. This is particularly relevant in the context of shrinking family sizes resulting from stringent family planning policies.
JEL Classification: D64, J14
Modified Natural Seawater as Growth Medium for Halotolerant Cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica to Increase Lipid Content for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Thongtha Sitthichai , Aryusuk Kornkanok , Kittiwongwattana Chokchai , Incharoensakdi Aran , Phunpruch Saranya 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Biodiesel derived from cyanobacterial oils becomes attractive as an efficient renewable energy. The present study aims to optimize growth and lipid production of halotolerant unicellular cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica cultivated in natural seawater. In this study, A. halophytica was able to grow in natural seawater when supplemented with low concentration of NaNO3, whereas no growth occurred without supplementation. The specific growth rate of 0.230 day− 1 and cell concentration of 25.17 x 106 cells mL− 1 were achieved in A. halophytica cultivated in natural seawater supplemented with 17.6 mM NaNO3 and Turk Island salt solution (suitable natural seawater; SNSW) for 14 days. This growth rate was comparable to that of cells grown in normal BG11 plus Turk Island salt solution. The lipid content and fatty acid profiles of A. halophytica varied with changes in NaCl concentrations. The highest lipid content of 50.47% and lipid productivity of 48.33 mg L− 1 day− 1 were obtained in cultures supplemented with 1.89 mmol C-atom L− 1 glucose and 0.75 M NaCl. The optimal medium pH and cultivation temperature for lipid production was 7.5 and 25–35°C, respectively. When cultivating A. halophytica in optimized SNSW with various NaCl concentrations, the highest contents of linoleic and linolenic acids, and the lowest contents of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids were observed with 0.75 M NaCl. In contrast, cultures grown in optimized SNSW with 0.5 M NaCl showed fatty acid methyl ester profiles rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, which are favorable for high-quality biodiesel production.
Investigating the Influence of Cues on Pain Perception: A Bayesian Model Selection Approach
Authors: Falhani Nadia , Nothdurfter Caroline , Wunder Nina , Rupprecht Rainer , Schwarzbach Jens V. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The intensity of noxious stimuli usually shapes the perception of discomfort or pain. Here, we compare three mechanistic accounts of how cued expectation about stimulus intensity may modulate behavioral reports of discomfort: response gain, input gain or baseline shift. In two behavioral sessions, thirty-nine healthy participants rated a series of 160 uncomfortable electrical stimuli (UES) applied to the skin of the forearm, preceded by a visual cue indicating the intensity of the upcoming stimulus as 'weak' or 'strong'. Cue contingency of 65% or 70% varied between the two sessions to investigate the effect of informativeness on putative modulatory cueing effects.
We found that verbal cueing of the expectation of an upcoming UES biased subjects' ratings towards the expected outcome. A Bayes factor analysis revealed that of the three putative modulatory processes, the baseline shift model received the strongest support from our empirical data. Manipulating the level of contingency of the cue did not further alter the results.
We conclude that, within the parameters of our experiment, expectations influence the perception of the UES independently of stimulus intensity. Extending these findings to a clinical context may improve our understanding of hypersensitivity in chronic pain patients.
Extraoral photobiomodulation to prevent hyposalivation in patients treated with head and neck radiotherapy: randomized double-blind clinical trial
Authors: de Albuquerque Raylane Farias , Ribeiro Lucas Nascimento , Carvalho Alessandra Albuquerque Tavares , Silva Igor Henrique Morais , Meleti Marco , Vescovi Paolo , Leao Jair Carneiro 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy of extraoral photobiomodulation in preventing hyposalivation in patients treated with radiotherapy for head and neck cancers.
Methods
52 patients divided into an intervention group (23 patients) and a control group (29 patients). The parameters used were: 30mW, 7.5 J / cm2, 10s / point, 0.3 J / point, a wavelength of 830 nm and an area of 0.028 cm². The salivary flow at rest and the xerostomia inventory were evaluated three times from the beginning to the end of radiotherapy and one month after the end. The primary outcome was the absence of hyposalivation, with secondary outcomes showing a higher prevalence of dry mouth and hyposalivation.
Results
Most of the sample remained with salivary flow > 0.2 ml / min before and after radiotherapy (control 69% × 65% intervention p > 0.05). The prevalence of xerostomia was higher in the control group (21% x 17% p > 0.05) as well as the complaint of severe xerostomia at the end of radiotherapy (35% x 30% p > 0.05). Oral pain was the most frequent complication (26% vs. 20%, P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Extraoral photobiomodulation was not effective in preventing the reduction of salivary flow during radiotherapy, but it was responsible for higher flow values compared to the control group. This study allowed for a lower prevalence and severity of xerostomia; however, further studies should be conducted to confirm the real benefits.
Trial Registration Numbe at REBEC: RBR5746z9, Dated: April 5th 2020
Acute airway inflammation following controlled biodiesel exhaust exposure in healthy subjects
Authors: Sandström Thomas , Bosson Jenny A , Muala Ala , Kabéle Mikael , Pourazar Jamshid , Boman Christoffer , Rankin Gregory , Mudway Ian S , Blomberg Anders , Friberg Maria 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Exposure to standard petrodiesel exhaust is linked to adverse health effects. Moreover, there is a mounting request to replace fossil-based fuels with renewable and sustainable alternatives and, therefore, rapeseed methyl ester (RME) and other biofuels have been introduced. However, recent toxicological research has indicated that biodiesel exhaust may also induce adverse health-related events.
Aim: To determine whether exposure to 100% RME biodiesel (BD100) exhaust would cause an acute airway neutrophilic recruitment in humans.
Methods: Fourteen healthy subjects underwent exposure to diluted BD100 exhaust and filtered air for 1-hour, in a blinded, random fashion. Bronchoscopy with endobronchial mucosal biopsies, bronchial wash (BW) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed six hours after exposure. Differential cell counts and inflammatory markers were determined in the supernatant and biopsies were stained immunohistochemically.
Results: Compared with filtered air, BD100 exhaust exposure increased bronchial mucosal endothelial P-selectin adhesion molecule expression, as well as neutrophil, mast cell and CD68+ macrophage numbers. An increased influx of neutrophils and machrophages was also seen in BW.
Conclusion: Exposure to biodiesel exhaust was associated with an acute airway inflammation that was similar to preceding petrodiesel exposure studies. However, the recruitment of macrophages into the bronchial mucosa and bronchi was a new finding.
The present findings, together with recently reported adverse cardiovascular effects after a similar biodiesel exposure, indicate that replacement of petrodiesel with RME-based biodiesel does not necessarily provide health benefits.
Is curve sprint performance in soccer related to other speed and power abilities across age categories?
Authors: Barros Tércio Araújo do Rego , Nakamura Fábio Yuzo , Filho Rostand Souza Lira , Silva Noadia Maria Guimarães , Lima Victor Ferreira , Fonseca Fabiano Souza , Bibrowicz Bartosz , Henrique Rafael Santos 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study investigated whether curve sprint (CS) performance in soccer was related to linear sprint (LS), change of direction (COD), and countermovement jump (CMJ) in highly trained soccer players across different age categories. One hundred and twenty-one soccer players (U-13, U-15, U-17, and Senior) from the same professional club were recruited and performed all tests. One-way ANOVA and effect sizes were used to compare CS across age categories, while Pearson’s r correlation coefficient measured the relationships between all physical test performance. CS performance improved from the U-13 to the Senior category, exhibiting very large differences across all age categories (Cohen’s d > 2.0), except between the U-15 and U-17 categories. Moderate-large correlations (r = from 0.38 to 0.77) were found in most relationships between the CS and LS (5 and 20 meters), COD, and CMJ performance. Based on the findings CS improved gradually from the U-13 to the Senior category, with the smallest improvement occurring from the U-15 to the U-17. Regarding the association between CS and the speed-power abilities assessed, we suggest that specific training and assessments for young and professional soccer players should be utilized to develop such capacities (i.e., CS, LS, COD, and CMJ).
Determinants of intimate partner violence among female youth in Tanzania: Evidence from Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Mwita Winfrida C. , Mitao Modesta , Antony Cecilia , Adinan Hamidu , Ngiga Steven , Mtuy Tara B. , Leyaro Beatrice J. , Msuya Sia E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been recognized as a public health problem and is associated with poor health and social outcomes. However, there is limited knowledge about IPV among women aged 15 to 24 years in Tanzania. This age group is critical as it is the period when lifelong patterns of violence and norms about acceptable IPV are formed. The ecological framework portrays intimate partner violence as a multifaceted phenomenon, demonstrating the interplay of factors at different levels. This study aimed to determine individual and community determinants of IPV among female youth in Tanzania.
Methods
An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out using secondary data from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey 2015/16. Data analysis was performed using STATA version 14. Data analysis considered the complex survey design. A multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear model was used to determine individual and community-level factors associated with IPV among female youth.
Results
Almost one in two (47.8%) female youth in Tanzania reported to have ever experienced partner violence. Having adjusted for other relevant covariates, at the individual level, having at least one living child, witnessing interparental violence, having unfavorable attitudes towards IPV, and having a partner who drinks alcohol increased the odds of IPV. At the community level, geographical zones and community norms that justified IPV had a positive influence on IPV.
Conclusion
In addition to individual characteristics of woman, community-level factors also determine the experience of partner violence among female youth in Tanzania. Interventions to prevent violence should take into consideration both individual characteristics and the context of the community, putting a focus on transforming gender norms and attitudes, reducing harmful alcohol use and addressing prior histories of witnessing abuse.
Psychosocial functioning of patients up to 6 months after hospitalization for COVID-19
Authors: Rachubińska Kamila , Schneider-Matyka Daria , Cybulska Anna Maria , Skonieczna-Żydecka Karolina , Sołek-Pastuszka Joanna , Grochans Elżbieta 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the associations between anxiety, insomnia, fatigue, fatigue, depression, perceived social support of patients hospitalised for SARS-CoV-2 infection not later than up to 6 months after hospitalisation. The study included 97 participants hospitalised for SARS-CoV-2 infection up to 6 months after enrollment. The study was conducted with the method of a diagnostic survey using the questionnaire technique: Modified Fatigue Impact Scale, The Patient Health Questionnaire-9, The Athens Insomnia Scale, The Generalized Anxiety Questionnaire, The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Self-administered questionnaire. Statistically significant: negative correlation between AIS and PHQ-9 scores (r=-0.195; p < 0.001), positive between AIS scores and MFIS (r = 0.468; p < 0.0001), negative between AIS scores and MSPSS (r=-0.267; p < 0.0081), positive between AIS and GAD-7 scores (r = 0.428; p < 0.001), positive between GAD-7 and MFIS scores (r = 0.384; p < 0.0001), negative between GAD-7 and MSPSS scores (r=-0.301; p < 0.0028), negative correlation, strong between MSPSS and MFIS scores (r=-0.201; p < 0.0484) were detected. The study presented here provides important associations and may help to assess the need for psychosocial support and provides a starting point for a larger study to determine the associations between depression, anxiety, fatigue, insomnia and social support among COVID-19 hospitalised patients.
Optimal Allocation of Antenatal and Young Child Nutrition Interventions: An Individual-Based GBD-Calibrated Microsimulation
Authors: Bowman Alison , Lutze Sylvia , Albright James , Blair-Stahn Nathaniel , Jafari Hussain , Kaur Simar , Kinuthia Caroline , Mudambi Rajan , Nast Patrick , Pletcher Alix , Flaxman Abraham 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Undernutrition remains a global crisis and is a focus of Sustain Development Goals. While there are multiple known, effective interventions, complex interactions between prevention and treatment and resource constraints can lead to difficulties in allocating funding. Simulation studies that use in silico computer simulation can help illuminate the interactions between interventions and provide insight into the cost-effectiveness of alternative packages of options.
Methods: We developed an individual-based microsimulation model to test a range of antenatal and child nutrition interventions (iron and folic acid, multiple micronutrients, balanced energy protein supplementation, treatment for severe acute malnutrition, treatment for moderate acute malnutrition, and wasting prevention with small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements) and an analytic approach to processes the results of the microsimulation and provide the optimal intervention funding allocation for a given budget size.
Results: The reallocation of the baseline budget to minimize DALYs resulted in first funding multiple micronutrients to their maximum coverage, and then funding treatment for severe acute malnutrition. Relative to the baseline allocation, the reallocation optimized to minimizing DALYs resulted in 592,000 fewer annual DALYs.
For budgets larger than the baseline, our model recommended funding first targeted moderate acute malnutrition treatment, second universal moderate acute malnutrition treatment, third wasting prevention with small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements, and fourth balanced energy protein supplementation.
Conclusions: Our simulation is a novel model for estimating optimal allocation of spending on antenatal and child health nutrition interventions. We utilized a detailed health model that accounts for the interaction between preventive and therapeutic approaches. Our results show that an optimized reallocation of current spending on multiple micronutrients and treatment for severe acute malnutrition can substantially improve pregnancy-related and child health without additional funding. Additionally, we provide direction for how to best allocate expanded budgets to maximize impact.