bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ownership structures influence on audit fee
Authors: Nelson Sherliza Puat , Mohamed-Rusdi Nurul Farha 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the association between corporate ownership structures and audit fees paid to external auditors by Malaysian companies listed on Bursa Malaysia. This study focusses on the extent of the auditor’s reliance on the client’s internal control inasmuch as the corporate ownership structures are varied, and, ultimately, affect the audit fees.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study applies the agency theory in formulating three hypotheses that guide the results analysis. By employing a multi regression model for a sample of 345 Malaysian companies listed on Bursa Malaysia, this study examines the relationship of ownership structure, namely, managerial ownership, foreign ownership and government ownership with audit fees using data for 2010.

Findings
– The results show a significant positive relationship between audit fees and firms with larger foreign ownership and government ownership but no significant relationship with firms with higher managerial ownership. This study contributes recent evidence concerning the relationship between corporate ownership structure and audit fees.

Practical implications
– Regulators may consider ownership structure on the standards or regulation setting in order to be practical and operationalized in line with the impact associated with different ownership structures. The practitioners may also design appropriate methodologies and procedures for the different ownership structures for high-quality service and to standardize the risk mitigation process.

Social implications
– The ownership structures have different influences on the audit fees, as well as complexity of the firms and their profitability.

Originality/value
– The study looks upon certain percentages of ownership structures, and how they affects audit fees, firms complexity and profitability.
The effect of employee’s political skill on organizational citizenship behavior
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Kong Ming 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to address following three research questions: Are employees with high political skill willing to do extra-role behavior? Can leader–member exchange (LMX) affect organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)? Can perception of organizational politics (POP) influence LMX?Design/methodology/approach– The paper is based on a survey of 227 questionnaires. Multiple linear regression analysis was used.Findings– Findings indicate that employees’ political skill not only are helpful for them in dealing with the relationship with their leaders, but also can stimulate their OCB. The paper also shows that the mediation effect of POP is not obvious when they handle LMX.Originality/value– This paper’s main contributions are as follows: When studying new generation employees, many managers find that their accumulated experience of management is ineffective in applying to this group of new generation employees. In Chinese culture, new organizational and new employee environment relationship can be regarded normal, positive and beneficial to the development of new generation employees. New generation employees use their own political skills to handle LMX; they are not well aware of POP.
What theories are needed for strategic management?
Authors: Bao Gongmin 
Published: October 2015

Purpose– This paper aims to address challenges in strategic management and tries to find ways to make a breakthrough. Strategic management theorists and practitioners need new scientific theories. In the modern turbulent environment, the extant strategic management research (SMR) and strategic management theories can neither satisfy the practical needs nor the theoretical developmental needs of strategic management.Design/methodology/approach– The paper uses critique viewpoints that are unfolded according to the logic of how theories will satisfy the practical and theoretical needs. Physics and mathematics are regarded as the most beautiful and perfect scientific research fields, which help predict physical phenomena such as solar eclipse precisely. Therefore, the paper uses physics and mathematics as benchmarks to explore how SMR should make efforts to push the research further.Findings– The paper provides a different viewpoint that will help strategic theorists and practitioners investigate and understand strategic phenomena more holistically. SMR should contribute to strategic theoretical and practical progress and not just to the game of academic game play. For the goal, the paper summarizes and refines the definition of strategic management in an alternative but practical and innovative perspective, and then delineates the criteria for SMR topic choice; identifies the dilemmas and challenges the SMR faces; and points out the new approaches the strategic management researchers should explore.Originality/value– The paper challenges the mainstream of SMR by identifying the shortcomings, dilemmas, and challenges of the current SMR, and then highlights new ways to make breakthrough in SMR. The study will make strategic management scholars rethink their research and do meaningful research from the perspectives of theoretical contribution and practical guidance.
Best practices for finding hidden talent and empowering social mobility
Authors: Linley Alex 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– Early career recruiters are increasingly focused on finding hidden talent and empowering social mobility, while also managing the reality of large recruitment volumes. A new approach to early careers recruitment solved both of these conflicting challenges.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using a combination of assessment insights, data analytics and strengths-based recruitment, the Nestlé early careers recruitment process was redesigned. Jobmi mindset assessments, the Capp Situational Strengths Test and the Capp Numerical Reasoning Test were used as online assessments, followed by a strengths-based video interview and strengths-based assessment centres.

Findings
– Nestlé identified and hired candidates of whom 21 per cent would not have met the previous screening criteria, demonstrating how the new recruitment approach found hidden talent.

Practical implications
– Making decisions from assessment insights and data analytics shows that it is possible for volume recruiters to manage, enhance and improve their recruitment processes without need for recourse to arbitrary screening criteria to manage volumes.

Social implications
– Finding hidden talent and empowering social mobility widen opportunity for all people, particularly those from diverse backgrounds. It allows the identification and recruitment of people who demonstrate grit, resolve and tenacity, who might otherwise have been excluded by arbitrary recruitment barriers.

Originality/value
– The article concludes with five best practice recommendations for finding hidden talent and promoting social mobility: do not use arbitrary screening criteria; make decisions from assessment insights and data analytics; guard against adverse impact; measure for future potential, not just past experience; and give candidates second chances by being part of a job-matching marketplace.
Strategic workforce planning – a vital business activity
Authors: Mayo Andrew 
Published: October 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to make the case for strategic workforce planning and to outline the key steps involved.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper begins with a discussion of the cost of redundancies to the economy and argues that much of this could have been reduced with better planning. It goes on to describe the key steps in workforce planning. It looks at practical ways to assess demand and replacement needs and utilise productivity ratios to convert delivery units into human resource requirements. It concludes with a discussion on the supply of resource and examples of actions that can be taken proactively to close foreseen gaps.

Originality/value
– This paper is based on methodologies developed by the author and applied in practice.
Competition and facilitation between Australian and Spanish legumes in seven Australian soils
Authors: Pérez‐Fernández María A. , Lamont Byron B. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper evaluates the relative performance and competitive ability of seven legumes from the Iberian Peninsula, Spain (one already invasive in Australia), grown singly or pairwise with seven legumes from south‐western Australia in their own soils. Indices of growth used were root, shoot and total mass and shoot dimensions. Water content, xylem water potential during drying and nodule production were also measured. The index of competition used was the intensity of competition coefficient (ICC), which is suitable for additive designs. The Australian species usually grew larger than the Spanish species, in their presence or absence, although the results were sensitive to the index of growth or resource capture used. The Australian legumes usually possessed greater total water content than the co‐occurring Spanish legumes. At least five Australian species were less reduced or not affected at all by inter‐regional competition compared with growth in isolation. Two Australian legumes performed relatively poorly in the presence of at least four Spanish legumes. The ICC identified many instances of growth promotion (facilitation) of the Australian species, which we attribute to extra nitrogen obtained through enhanced nodulation of both cohabiting species. Five of the seven Spanish species were outcompeted by the Australian species, whereas the growth of two was sometimes facilitated. Although the Spanish legumes had greater competitive ability in the more fertile Australian soils, they remained competitively inferior to the Australian legumes in their first season of growth and none is likely to displace the native legumes at this stage of growth. Longer‐term field studies are needed to fully evaluate the potential invasiveness of perennial legumes.
Patterns of democracy reconsidered: The ambiguous relationship between corporatism and consensualism
Authors: GIULIANI MARCO 
Published: October 2015

AbstractArend Lijphart's Patterns of Democracy, similar to most of his work, elicited fierce scientific debate. This article replicates some of the analyses proposed in its second edition (published in 2012) in the light of the critiques received by the first edition (published in 2009). It primarily examines the relationship between institutional setup and interest group representation, disentangling the effect of consensualism from that of corporatism on issues such as macroeconomic performance and governance capabilities. The article further deepens our understanding of the complex causal mechanisms connecting these variables, proposing a more sophisticated empirical investigation that emphasises selection effects and conjunctural causation.
The psychological roots of populist voting: Evidence from the United States, the Netherlands and Germany
Authors: BAKKER BERT N. , ROODUIJN MATTHIJS , SCHUMACHER GIJS 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWhat are the psychological roots of support for populist parties or outfits such as the Tea Party, the Dutch Party for Freedom or Germany's Left Party? Populist parties have as a common denominator that they employ an anti‐establishment message, which they combine with some ‘host’ ideology. Building on the congruency model of political preference, it is to be expected that a voter's personality should match with the message and position of his or her party. This article theorises that a low score on the personality trait Agreeableness matches the anti‐establishment message and should predict voting for populist parties. Evidence is found for this hypothesis in the United States, the Netherlands and Germany. The relationship between low Agreeableness and voting for populist parties is robust, controlling for other personality traits, authoritarianism, sociodemographic characteristics and ideology. Thus, explanations of the success of populism should take personality traits into account.
Locard's Principle of Exchange, Dental Examination and Fragments of Skin
Authors: Byard Roger W. , James Helen , Berketa John , Heath Karen 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe transfer of materials between victim and perpetrator was first reported by Locard in the nineteenth century. While in recent years DNA testing has been very successful in matching biological material from crime scenes to perpetrators, the following cases demonstrate that other more time‐honored methods remain useful. Two cases of lethal assault are reported where the victims had bitten their assailants resulting in fragments of the perpetrators’ skin being wedged between their teeth which were discovered during post mortem oral examinations. As the fragments were able to be matched to injuries in the perpetrators, identification was established prior to confirmatory DNA testing. In case 1 a criminal conviction for manslaughter resulted, and in case 2 the identity of the assailant was confirmed. Examination of a properly exposed and illuminated oral cavity may provide useful evidence in assault cases. These cases represent an unusual dental variant of Locard's principle.
Quantification of Osteon Morphology Using Geometric Histomorphometrics
Authors: Dillon Scott , Cunningham Craig , Felts Paul 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMany histological methods in forensic anthropology utilize combinations of traditional histomorphometric parameters which may not accurately describe the morphology of microstructural features. Here, we report the novel application of a geometric morphometric method suitable when considering structures without anatomically homologous landmarks for the quantification of complete secondary osteon size and morphology. The method is tested for its suitability in the measurement of intact secondary osteons using osteons digitized from transverse femoral diaphyseal sections prepared from two human individuals. The results of methodological testing demonstrate the efficacy of the technique when applied to intact secondary osteons. In providing accurate characterization of micromorphology within the robust mathematical framework of geometric morphometrics, this method may surpass traditional histomorphometric variables currently employed in forensic research and practice. A preliminary study of the intersectional histomorphometric variation within the femoral diaphysis is made using this geometric histomorphometric method to demonstrate its potential.
Pathogen–nematode interaction: Nitrogen supply ofListeria monocytogenesduring growth inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Kern Tanja , Kutzner Erika , Eisenreich Wolfgang , Fuchs Thilo M. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryListeria monocytogenesis aGram‐positive facultatively intracellular human pathogen. Due to its saprophytic lifestyle,L. monocytogenesis assumed to infect and proliferate within soil organisms such asCaenorhabditis elegans. However, little is known about the nutrient usages and metabolite fluxes in this bacterium–nematode interaction. Here, we established a nematode colonization model forL. monocytogenesand a method for the efficient separation of the pathogen from the nematodal gut. Following15Nlabelling ofC. elegansand gas chromatography–mass spectrometry‐based15Nisotopologue analysis, we detected a high basal metabolic rate of the nematode, and observed a significant metabolic flux from nitrogenous compounds of the nematode to listerial proteins during proliferation of the pathogen in the worm's intestine. For comparison, we also measured theNfluxes from the gut content into listerial proteins using completely15N‐labelledEscherichia coliOP50 as food forC. elegans. In both settings,L. monocytogenesprefers the direct incorporation of histidine, arginine and lysine over theirde novobiosynthesis. Our data suggest that colonization of nematodes is a strategy ofL. monocytogenesto increase its access toN‐rich nutrients.
Proximity to wind‐power plants reduces the breeding success of the white‐tailed eagle
Authors: Balotari‐Chiebao F. , Brommer J. E. , Niinimäki T. , Laaksonen T. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAs a clean and renewable energy source, wind power is expected to play a major role in climate change mitigation. Despite its benefits, the construction of large‐scale wind farms in many parts of the world is a cause of concern for wildlife, including the often vulnerable raptor populations. Here, we examined the influence of distance to wind‐power plants on the white‐tailed eagle Haliaeetus albicilla in terms of (1) breeding success; (2) post‐fledging survival; and (3) territory occupancy and turbine avoidance (via nest site changes). Our results show that the probability of a pair breeding successfully is lower when the territory is located closer to turbines, potentially because of collision mortality (to which adults are particularly vulnerable). A capture‐mark‐recapture analysis showed no evidence for the effect of distance on post‐fledging survival, suggesting that collision risk may not have been greater for juveniles that fledged closer to a power plant. The levels of disturbance experienced by birds in the study areas were not great enough to prevent breeding at closer distances to the turbines. Our findings on breeding success underline the importance of building appropriately sited wind farms as a way to reduce or avoid undesirable effects on avian populations.
A microsimulation cost–utility analysis of alcohol screening and brief intervention to reduce heavy alcohol consumption in Canada
Authors: Zur Richard M. , Zaric Gregory S. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackground and AimsScreening and brief intervention (SBI) is a public health intervention that has been shown to be effective in reducing heavy alcohol consumption. The aim of this study is to estimate the cost‐effectiveness of implementing universal alcohol SBI in primary care in Canada.DesignWe developed a microsimulation model of alcohol consumption and its effects on 18 alcohol‐related causes of death.SettingThe model simulates a Canadian population.ParticipantsThe model simulates individuals and their alcohol consumption on a continuous scale starting from age 17 years to death.InterventionsThe reference case assumes no SBI in Canada. The base case assumes screening was conducted using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) at a threshold score of 8. Additional analyses included evaluating SBI using the AUDIT at threshold scores between 4 and 8 or the Derived Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT‐C) at threshold scores between 3 and 7.MeasurementsThe model estimates the direct health‐care costs, life years gained and quality‐adjusted life years (QALY) gained, which are then used to estimate the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) of SBI versus no SBI.FindingsSBI with AUDIT (at a threshold score of 8) had an ICER of $8729/QALY. Our results suggest that using AUDIT thresholds between 8 and 4, inclusive, would be cost‐effective for the whole population, as well as for men and women individually. Our results suggest that the AUDIT‐C would be cost‐effective at thresholds of 7 to 3, inclusive, for men, women and the whole population.ConclusionsIn Canada, screening and brief intervention via Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Derived Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT‐C) to reduce heavy alcohol consumption appears to be cost‐effective for men and women at Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) thresholds of 8 and lower and at Derived Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT‐C) thresholds of 7 and lower.
Functional and association studies of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene in a Wannan Black pig model
Authors: Ding Y. Y. , Zhang W. , Zhang M. Q. , Fu K. , Chen W. P. , Ding C. , He X. L. , Zhang X. D. , Huang L. , Yin Z. J. 
Published: October 2015

SummarySome polymorphisms of the human CETP gene are causally and significantly associated with serum lipids levels; however, the information regarding this gene in pigs is sparse. To evaluate the effects of CETP on blood lipid traits and fat deposition in pig, porcine CETP tissue expression patterns were observed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) first. High expression was detected in liver, spleen, gluteus medius (GM) muscle and backfat. A de novo polymorphism (AF333037:g.795C>T) in the intron 1 region of porcine CETP was identified. This polymorphism was further genotyped by direct sequencing of the PCR products of 390 Wannan Black pigs, a Chinese native breed population. Association analyses at 45 and 300 days of age revealed highly significant associations between CETP genotypes and serum lipid traits. Furthermore, this polymorphism was proved to be associated with differences in liver CETP mRNA levels: pigs at 300 days of age with the TT genotype had higher levels than did those with other genotypes (P = 0.021). Additionally, analysis at 300 days of age showed that GM CETP mRNA expression correlated positively with serum lipids levels as well as with carcass backfat thickness and intramuscular fat content in GM. These results indicate that CETP is involved in serum, adipose and muscle lipid metabolism in pigs. The mechanisms underlying such relationships and their functional implications are worthy of further research.
Molecular insight into the viral biology and clinical features of trichodysplasia spinulosa
Authors: Wu J.H. , Nguyen H.P. , Rady P.L. , Tyring S.K. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryTrichodysplasia spinulosa (TS) is a disfiguring skin disease that occurs most frequently in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapies, and is thus frequently associated with organ transplantation. TS is characterized clinically by folliculocentric papular eruption, keratin spine formation and development of leonine face; and histologically by expansion of the inner root sheath epithelium and high expression of the proliferative marker Ki-67. Recent discovery of the TS-associated polyomavirus (TSPyV) and emerging studies demonstrating the role of TSPyV tumour antigens in cell proliferation pathways have opened a new corridor for research on TS. In this brief review, we summarize the clinical and histological features of TS and evaluate the current options for therapy. Furthermore, we address the viral aetiology of the disease and explore the mechanisms by which TSPyV may influence TS development and progression. As reports of TS continue to rise, clinician recognition of TS, as well as accompanying research on its underlying pathogenesis and therapeutic options, is becoming increasingly important. It is our hope that heightened clinical suspicion for TS will increase rates of diagnosis and will galvanize both molecular and clinical interest in this disease.