bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coopetition and framework contracts in industrial customer-supplier relationships
Authors: M. Lacoste Sylvie 
Published: December 2013

Purpose– The paper aims to investigate how business-to-business key accounts deal with the consequent tension between cooperation and competition, and how they can resolve that relational paradox, using framework contracts.Design/methodology/approach– The paper argues that the role played by framework contracts can be ambivalent: as a tool to define cooperation with suppliers while simultaneously organising competition within suppliers, but by formalising such ambivalence, it does help to ease the tensions that may arise. To clarify such a conceptual and counter-intuitive ambivalence, the paper uses a case study that shows how framework contracts are used to solve the inherent tensions between cooperation with “preferred suppliers” and their price competition with invited “challengers”, in a competitive bidding situation.Findings– This study is a first step in an investigation of the role of framework contracts in a customer-supplier relationship, aiming to explain their use as they highlight the “coopetitive” nature of the relationship, turning it into something tangible and psychologically acceptable.Research limitations/implications– Because of the complexity of vertical “coopetition” and the research method adopted, the findings may not be generally applicable.Practical implications– This research offers an enlarged perspective for suppliers as well as customers to think over their own relationships (in an industrial setting).Originality/value– Little research has been conducted to date on vertical coopetition and the role and effects of framework contracts in the context of such complex customer-supplier relationships. This case study offers insights for practising managers and academics into the effective use of framework contracts.
How small charities formulate marketing responses to major reductions in income
Authors: Bennett Roger 
Published: December 2013

Purpose– The purpose of the study was to examine how heads of small charitable performing arts organisations who did not possess backgrounds or qualifications in marketing interpreted the implications, for future marketing activities, of significant cuts in government funding and how their views on the value of marketing changed consequent to the cuts.Design/methodology/approach– Dervin's sensemaking interview method was employed to explore the processes, whereby the heads of 26 small nonprofit contemporary dance companies made sense of the marketing demands of newly constrained funding situations.Findings– Three groups of respondents were identified, respectively, labelled as marketing reductionists, knowledge seekers, and marketing activists. Many of the respondents did not distinguish between marketing and human resource management functions. Major confusions existedvis-à-vispricing policies and how to evaluate returns on marketing expenditures.Research limitations/implications– The study covered a single sector in just one country. Replication of the study in other sectors and countries would be worthwhile, as would the comparison of how small arts companies deal with various other types of financial crisis.Practical implications– National bodies that award performing arts qualifications need to include marketing in their curricula and syllabuses. Arts marketing associations should make available on their web sites instructional materials relating to marketing. The government should encourage the formation of marketing co-operatives among small performing arts companies.Originality/value– The study applied a qualitative interview technique unfamiliar to most researchers in the marketing field. It was the first to investigate the impact of cutbacks in government funding on the interpretations of marketing held by heads of small arts organisations.
Borehole study of compressional and shear attenuation of basalt flows penetrated by the Brugdan and William wells on the Faroes shelf
Authors: Schuler J. , Christie P.A.F. , White R.S. 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTWe investigated the seismic attenuation of compressional (P‐) and converted shear (S‐) waves through stacked basalt flows using short‐offset vertical seismic profile (VSP) recordings from the Brugdan (6104/21–1) and William (6005/13–1A) wells in the Faroe‐Shetland Trough. The seismic quality factors (Q) were evaluated with the classical spectral ratio method and a root‐mean‐square time‐domain amplitude technique. We found the latter method showed more robust results when analysing signals within the basalt sequence. For the Brugdan well we calculated effective Q estimates of 22–26 and 13–17 for P‐ and S‐waves, respectively, and 25–33 for P‐waves in the William well. An effective QS/QP ratio of 0.50–0.77 was found from a depth interval in the basalt flow sequence where we expect fully saturated rocks. P‐wave quality factor estimates are consistent with results from other VSP experiments in the North Atlantic Margin, while the S‐wave quality factor is one of the first estimates from a stacked basalt formation using VSP data. Synthetic modelling demonstrates that seismic attenuation for P‐ and S‐waves in the stacked basalt flow sequence is mainly caused by one‐dimensional scattering, while intrinsic absorption is small.
Christopher Smart's Systema Naturae: Anti‐Newtonianism and the Categorical Impulse in Jubilate Agno
Authors: POWELL ROSALIND 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThis article explores Christopher Smart's poetic emphasis on reading the world correctly in the face of contemporary religious and empirical anxieties about the incapacity of human ideas to frame the natural world and the inadequacy of language to describe, name and categorise it. Tracing a development from religious restraint to a new kind of botany, the article concentrates on four themes: the inability to express the divine and the risk of vanity in science in the poet's early work, Smart's rejection of scientific language, and his categorical impulse in Jubilate Agno, which orders his natural subjects into a new physico‐theology.
Helping a 10‐Year‐Old Haitian Girl With Vaginitis
Authors: Leveille‐Tulce Anne Marie B. 
Published: December 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this case study is to demonstrate how nurses who work with Haitian children and families can use NANDA‐I (diagnosis), the Nursing Outcomes Classification, and the Nursing Interventions Classification to assist a 10‐year‐old child with symptoms of vaginitis.Data SourcesThe case study derives from the author's experience and literature sources.Data SynthesisThis case study demonstrates a nurse's clinical decision making while providing care to a 10‐year‐old girl with symptoms of vaginitis.ConclusionsIncreased knowledge and awareness about appropriate health behaviors can increase patients’ power and enable them to freely act and adopt health behaviors to improve health outcomes.Implications for NursingPlacing patients at the center of the nursing process and partnering with patients to plan and develop interventions enable them to take actions and improve health outcomes.
Increased 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine in plasma and decreased mRNA expression of human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1, anti-oxidant enzymes, mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins and glycolytic enzymes in leucocytes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lee H-T , Lin C-S , Lee C-S , Tsai C-Y , Wei Y-H 
Published: December 2013

SummaryWe measured plasma levels of the oxidative DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and leucocyte mRNA expression levels of the genes encoding the 8-OHdG repair enzyme human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1), the anti-oxidant enzymes copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1), GPx-4, glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione synthetase (GS), the mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins mtDNA-encoded ND 1 polypeptide (ND1), ND6, ATPase 6, mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam), nuclear respiratory factor 1(NRF-1), pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component alpha subunit (PDHA1), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 1 (PDK-1) and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and the glycolytic enzymes hexokinase-II (HK-II), glucose 6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), phosphofructokinase (PFK), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHa). We analysed their relevance to oxidative damage in 85 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, four complicated SLE patients undergoing rituximab treatment and 45 healthy individuals. SLE patients had higher plasma 8-OHdG levels (P &lt; 0·01) but lower leucocyte expression of the genes encoding hOGG1(P &lt; 0·01), anti-oxidant enzymes (P &lt; 0·05), mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins (P &lt; 0·05) and glycolytic enzymes (P &lt; 0·05) than healthy individuals. The increase in plasma 8-OHdG was correlated positively with the elevation of leucocyte expression of the genes encoding hOGG1 (P &lt; 0·05), anti-oxidant enzymes (P &lt; 0·05), several mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins (P &lt; 0·05) and glycolytic enzymes (P &lt; 0·05) in lupus patients. The patients, whose leucocyte mtDNA harboured D310 heteroplasmy, exhibited a positive correlation between the mtDNA copy number and expression of ND1, ND6 and ATPase 6 (P &lt; 0·05) and a negative correlation between mtDNA copy number and systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) (P &lt; 0·05), as well as plasma 8-OHdG (P &lt; 0·05). In particular, four complicated SLE patients with increased expression of the genes encoding the anti-oxidant enzymes, GAPDH, Tfam and PDHA1, experienced better therapeutic outcomes after rituximab therapy. In conclusion, higher oxidative damage with suboptimal increases in DNA repair, anti-oxidant capacity, mitochondrial biogenesis and glucose metabolism may be implicated in SLE deterioration, and this impairment might be improved by targeted biological therapy.
Clinical outcomes of colo‐anal pull‐through procedure for complex rectal conditions
Authors: Patsouras D. , Yassin N. A. , Phillips R. K. S. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAimPull‐through with colo‐anal sleeve anastomosis may be used as a last resort to avoid permanent diversion in patients with complex rectal conditions. This procedure allows the preservation of intestinal continuity by minimizing the hazards of deep dissection in an inflamed and fibrosed pelvis.MethodA retrospective study was performed of colo‐anal pull‐through procedures carried out between January 1998 and December 2012 at St Mark's Hospital by one surgeon. Patients were identified from operative logbooks and their case notes were reviewed. Thirty‐four patients (21 women) with a median age of 54 (21–75) years underwent the pull‐through operation for complex rectal conditions involving fistulae and/or a hostile pelvis as a final attempt to restore intestinal continuity.ResultsThe median length of hospital stay was 7.5 (5–45) days. Median follow‐up was 23 (3–71) months. There was no peri‐operative mortality. There were two (6%) outright failures. Early complications occurred in 14 (41%) patients and late complications in 10 (29%). Fistulae recurred in seven (25%) of 28 patients but with further treatment four healed, giving an overall healing rate of 89%. Normal continence was achieved in 19 (79%) of 24 patients who were evaluated.ConclusionIn clinically difficult rectal situations the colo‐anal pull‐through procedure is a suitable salvage procedure to restore intestinal continuity before considering a permanent stoma.
Utilizing exhaled carbon monoxide measurement with self‐declared smoking cessation: enhancing abstinence effectiveness in Taiwanese outpatients
Authors: Chen Chiung‐Chu , Chang Chiu‐Hsia , Tsai Yuh‐Chyn , Tseng Ching‐Wan , Tu Mei‐Lien , Wang Chin‐Chou , Lin Meng‐Chih , Liu Shih‐Feng 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundPresently, the Department of Health Taiwan has begun to fund a smoking cessation program, and the annual cessation rate was 8.9% in 2010. This study aims to see whether to enhance abstinence effectiveness by utilizing exhaled carbon monoxide (COExh) measurement with self‐declared smoking cessation.MethodsThe longitudinal prospective study gathered 33 subjects on quitting smoking with the motivation to join the grant program in chest outpatient from August 2009 to July 2010. Overall, subjects were given nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in the first stage, and explored abstinence rate results in evaluation stage. The cutoff point of COExh 6 ppm or less than (≤) and patients' self‐declared abstinence reports confirmed a smoking cessation success status. Point abstinences were defined as the smokers refrained from smoking at least 7 days, while continuous abstinences were defined as nonsmoking at least 3, 6 and 12 months.ResultsThe validities were 198 tracking results for two stages (P < 0.001 vs P < 0.001), and sensitivity (56.5% vs 60.0%), specificity (90.1% vs 82.6%), positive predictive value (63.4% vs 60.0%) and negative predictive value (87.2% vs 82.6%) were detected. Moreover, the validities were 33 results for point and continuous abstinences at 3 month (P < 0.001 vs P < 0.001), and higher successful rates. Point abstinence rates at 3, 6 and 12 months follow‐up for overall subjects were 27.2%, 15.2% and 18.1%, respectively. Continuous abstinence rates at 3, 6 and 12 months were 24.2%, 12.1% and 12.1%, respectively.ConclusionsUtilizing COExh measurement with self‐declared smoking cessation enhanced abstinence effectiveness in Taiwanese outpatients.
Pre‐ and post‐training session evaluation for interobserver agreement and diagnostic accuracy of probe‐based confocal laser endomicroscopy for biliary strictures
Authors: Talreja Jayant P. , Turner Brian G. , Gress Frank G. , Ho Sammy , Sarkaria Savreet , Paddu Naveen , Natov Nikola , Bharmal Sheila , Gaidhane Monica , Sethi Amrita , Kahaleh Michel 
Published: December 2013

Background and AimCurrent diagnostic modalities for indeterminate biliary strictures offer low accuracy. Probe‐based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) permits microscopic assessment of mucosal structures by obtaining real‐time high‐resolution images of the mucosal layers of the gastrointestinal tract. Previously, an interobserver study demonstrated poor to fair agreement even among experienced confocal endomicroscopy operators. Our objective was to assess interobserver agreement and diagnostic accuracy upon completion of a pCLE training session.MethodsForty de‐identified pCLE video clips of indeterminate biliary strictures were sent to five endoscopists at four tertiary care centers for scoring. Observers subsequently attended a teaching session by an expert pCLE user that included 20 training clips and rescored the same pCLE video clips, which were randomized and renumbered.ResultsPre‐training interobserver agreement for all observers was ‘fair’ (Κ: 0.31, P‐value: <0.0001) and diagnostic accuracy was 72% (55–80%). Post‐training interobserver agreement for all observers was ‘substantial’ (Κ: 0.74, P‐value: <0.0001) and diagnostic accuracy was 89% (80–95%). Using a paired t‐test, we observed an increase of 17% (95% CI 7.6–26.4) in post‐training diagnostic accuracy (t = 5.01, df = 4, P‐value 0.007).ConclusionsInterobserver agreement and diagnostic accuracy improved after observers underwent training by an expert pCLE user with a specific sequence set. Users should participate in such training programs to maximize diagnostic accuracy of pCLE evaluation.
Multidisciplinary diabetes team care: the experiences of young adults with Type 1 diabetes
Authors: Wiley Janice , Westbrook Mary , Long Janet , Greenfield Jerry R. , Day Richard O. , Braithwaite Jeffrey 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundThis research examined whether young adults with Type 1 diabetes engage with the multidisciplinary consultation process and if not, then why.MethodsWe designed a web‐based self‐reported survey, available online from February to May 2011, for Australian adults 18–35 years with Type 1 diabetes. Respondents were asked about which clinicians they consulted to assist with self‐management. To expand on the results of the survey, we interviewed 33 respondents.ResultsSurvey: Respondents (n = 150) consulted with the following clinicians: endocrinologist and diabetes educators: 23.3%; endocrinologist only: 18.0%; endocrinologist, diabetes educators and dieticians: 14.6%; endocrinologist, diabetes educators, dietician and general practitioners (GP): 11.3%; endocrinologist and GP: 10.6%; GP only: 4.6%; all clinicians recommended to assist with self‐management: 1.3%; 2.7% did not consult any clinician. Interview: Participants (n = 33) reported eight key disincentives to consultation with multidisciplinary clinicians. These were time constraints; provision of conflicting advice; inaccessibility of health services; variation in service standards; cost constraints; failure of clinicians to refer to other clinicians; lack of opportunity to build a therapeutic relationship; and failure of clinicians to engage in shared decision making.ConclusionOur results indicate that high attrition rates of young adults with Type 1 diabetes from recommended diabetes health services is linked to the failure of those services to meet the needs and preferences of their patients. The identified needs and preferences included joint consultation with multi‐disciplinary team clinicians; flexible access to advice by email or telephone consultation; and shared decision making. Patient engagement in health‐service re‐design has implications for improved health‐service delivery and enhanced treatment outcomes.
Preliminary Experience With Stenting for Management of Non‐Urolith Urethral Obstruction in Eight Cats
Authors: Brace Megan A. , Weisse Chick , Berent Allyson 
Published: December 2013

ObjectiveTo (1) describe minimally invasive transurethral antegrade and retrograde techniques for the placement of self‐expanding metallic stents (SEMS) to reestablish urethral patency in cats with non‐urolith urethral obstructions and (2) to report the procedural complications, incontinence rates, and long‐term effectiveness in maintaining a patent urethra.Study DesignCase series.AnimalsCats (n = 8).MethodsSignalment, history, clinical signs, physical examination, severity of stranguria and incontinence, clinicopathologic data, diagnostic procedures performed, diagnosis, interventional technique, type and dimensions of stent placed, complications and final outcome of 8 cats treated with SEMS for the management of urethral strictures or masses are presented. Each cat was followed for ≥12 months. Follow‐up information was obtained from the medical record or by telephone interview of the owner and/or referring veterinarian.ResultsFour cats were continent after stent placement, 2 were moderately incontinent, and 2 were severely incontinent. Long‐term follow‐up (median, 462 days) was available. At follow‐up, 5 cats were alive and 3 had been euthanatized at 88, 233, and 305 days. Long‐term outcome, as assessed by the authors, was good (1) to excellent (3) in 4 cats, and fair (2) to poor (2) in 4 cats. Owner reported outcomes were excellent in 3/8, good to excellent in 1/8, good in 2/8, and poor in 2/8.ConclusionPalliative stenting of urethral obstructions is a minimally invasive method to re‐establish urethral patency in cats.
Great Moments in Statistics
Authors: Grajalez Carlos Gómez , Magnello Eileen , Woods Robert , Champkin Julian 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
How did the ancient Babylonians feed their people? How did Florence Nightingale transform nursing? How did the allies make D-Day a success? How do you know that smoking may kill you? The answers are all “by using statistics”. To accompany the timeline overleaf we present a selection of great statistical landmarks of the past – moments when statistics changed history.
Changes in Water Status, Membrane Stability and Antioxidant Capacity of Wheat Seedlings Carrying Different Rht‐B1 Dwarfing Alleles under Drought Stress
Authors: Kocheva K. , Nenova V. , Karceva T. , Petrov P. , Georgiev G. I. , Börner A. , Landjeva S. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWater deficiency is a major constraint to wheat productivity in drought prone regions. The wheat DELLA‐encoding height‐reducing genes (Rht) are associated with significant increase in grain yield. However, the knowledge of their benefit in dry environments is insufficient. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of induced drought on leaf water content, level of oxidative stress, cell membrane stability, accumulation of osmoprotectants and activity of some antioxidant enzymes in wheat near‐isogenic lines carrying the alleles Rht‐B1b (semidwarfing) and Rht‐B1c (dwarfing) in comparison with the tall control Rht‐B1a. Six‐day‐long water deprivation was imposed at seedling stage. Plants carrying Rht‐B1c and, to a lesser extent, those carrying Rht‐B1b performed better under stress compared with Rht‐B1a in terms of more sustained membrane integrity, enhanced osmoregulation and better antioxidant defence. These differential responses could reflect pleiotropic effects of the Rht‐B1 gene associated with the accumulation of the mutant gene product, that is, altered DELLA proteins, or might be related to allelic variations at neighbouring loci carrying candidate genes for proteins with a major role in plant water regulations and stress adaptation. These findings might be of importance to breeders when introducing Rht‐B1 alleles into wheat cultivars designed to be grown in drought liable regions.
Sudden cardiac death in athletes
Authors: Schmied C. , Borjesson M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractA ‘paradox of sport’ is that in addition to the undisputed health benefits of physical activity, vigorous exertion may transiently increase the risk of acute cardiac events. In general, the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) approximately doubles during physical activity and is 2‐ to 3‐fold higher in athletes compared to nonathletes. The incidence of SCD in young athletes is in fact very low, at around 1–3 per 100 000, but attracts much public attention. Variations in incidence figures may be explained by the methodology used for data collection and more importantly by differences between subpopulations of athletes. The incidence of SCD in older (≥35 years) athletes is higher and may be expected to rise, as more and older individuals take part in organized sports. SCD is often the first clinical manifestation of a potentially fatal underlying cardiovascular disorder and usually occurs in previously asymptomatic athletes. In the young (<35 years), SCD is mainly due to congenital/inherited cardiac abnormalities, whilst coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cause in older athletes. Cardiac screening including family/personal history, physical examination and resting electrocardiogram (ECG) may identify individuals at risk and has the potential to decrease the risk of SCD in young athletes. Screening including the ECG has a high sensitivity for underlying disease in young athletes, but the specificity needs to be improved, whereas the sensitivity of screening without the use of ECG is very low. The screening modality recommended for young athletes is of limited value in older athletes, who should receive individualized screening with cardiac stress testing for patients with high risk of underlying CAD. As cardiovascular screening will never be able to identify all athletes at risk, adequate preparedness is vital in case of a potentially fatal event at the sporting arena/facility. Firstly, we will review the magnitude of the problem of SCD in athletes of different ages, as well as the aetiology. Secondly, we will focus on how to prevent SCD in athletes of all ages, reviewing cardiovascular screening recommendations as well as emergency preparedness and arena safety.