bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of modified discrete ordinates method to combined conduction‐radiation heat transfer problems in irregular geometries
Authors: Amiri H. , Mansouri S.H. , Coelho P.J. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe solution of radiative heat transfer problems in participating media is often obtained using the standard discrete ordinates method (SDOM). This method produces anomalies caused by ray effects if radiative boundary conditions have discontinuities or abrupt changes. Ray effects may be mitigated using the modified discrete ordinates method (MDOM), which is based on superposition of the solutions obtained by considering separately radiation from the walls and radiation from the medium. The purpose of this paper is to study the role of ray effects in combined conduction‐radiation problems and investigate the superiority of the MDOM over SDOM.Design/methodology/approachThe MDOM has been used to calculate radiative heat transfer in irregular geometries using body‐fitted coordinates. Here, the blocked‐off region concept, originally developed in computational fluid dynamics, is used along with the finite volume method and SDOM or MDOM to solve combined conduction‐radiation heat transport problems in irregular geometries. Enclosures with an absorbing, emitting and isotropically or anisotropically scattering medium are analyzed.FindingsThe results confirm the capability of the MDOM to minimize the anomalies due to ray effects in combined heat transfer problems, and demonstrate that MDOM is more computationally efficient than SDOM.Originality/valueThe paper demonstrates the application of MDOM to combined conduction‐radiation heat transfer problems in irregular geometries using blocked‐off method.
Computational modeling of pyrolysis and combustion in a fixed‐bed waste gasifier
Authors: Chung‐Yin Tsai Johnny , Im Hong G. , Kim Taig‐Young , Kim Jaeho 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a three‐dimensional CFD model that simulates the pyrolysis, combustion and heat transfer phenomena in a refuse‐derived fuel (RDF) gasifier. Correlations between different operation conditions and the waste stack morphology are also investigated. Parametric studies are conducted to optimize operating conditions to achieve an even stack surface minimal the local oxidation in the waste stack.Design/methodology/approachThis paper proposes a Lagrangian pyrolysis submodel which can be applied to determine the local pyrolysis rate and porosity field by introducing the local characteristic diameter of the waste solid sphere. The flow field is described by a single‐phase porous flow model using the SIMPLE algorithm with momentum extrapolation. A one‐step global reaction was adapted for the chemical reactions inside the gasifier.FindingsComputational results produced three‐dimensional distribution of the flow field, temperature, species concentration, porosity and the morphology of the waste stack under different operation conditions. Some parametric studies were conducted to assess the effects of the inlet temperature and the feeding rate on the waste stack shape. The results demonstrated that the model can properly capture the essential physical and chemical processes in the gasifier and thus can be used as a predictive simulation tool.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the lack of accurate reaction rate information, the computational results have not been directly compared against experimental data. Additional refinement and subsequent validation against prototype gasifier experiment will be reported in future work.Originality/valueA full three‐dimensional computational model is developed for the complex two‐phase flow based on porous medium representation of the solid stack. A Lagrangian pyrolysis model based on the characteristic diameter of the solid waste material was proposed to describe the pyrolysis rate history. The developed model reproduces correct physical and chemical behavior inside gasifier with adequate computational efficiency and accuracy.
Cubic B‐spline differential quadrature methods for the advection‐diffusion equation
Authors: Korkmaz Alper , Dağ İdris 
Published: March 2013

PurposeCubic B‐spline differential quadrature methods have been introduced. As test problems, two different solutions of advection‐diffusion equation are chosen. The first test problem, the transportion of an initial concentration, and the second one, the distribution of an initial pulse, are simulated. The purpose of this paper is to simulate the test problems.Design/methodology/approachThe cubic B‐spline functions are chosen as test functions in order to construct the differential quadrature method. The error between the numerical solutions and analytical solutions are measured using various error norms.FindingsThe cubic B‐spline differential quadrature methods have produced acceptable solution for advection‐diffusion equation.Originality/valueThe advection‐diffusion equation has never been solved by any differential quadrature method based on cubic B‐splines.
Towards a framework for non‐linear thermal models in shell domains
Authors: Chinesta Francisco , Leygue Adrien , Beringhier Marianne , Tuan Nguyen Linh , Grandidier Jean‐Claude , Schrefler Bernhard , Pesavento Francisco 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to solve non‐linear parametric thermal models defined in degenerated geometries, such as plate and shell geometries.Design/methodology/approachThe work presented in this paper is based in a combination of the proper generalized decomposition (PGD) that proceeds to a separated representation of the involved fields and advanced non‐linear solvers. A particular emphasis is put on the asymptotic numerical method.FindingsThe authors demonstrate that this approach is valid for computing the solution of challenging thermal models and parametric models.Originality/valueThis is the first time that PGD is combined with advanced non‐linear solvers in the context of non‐linear transient parametric thermal models.
Novel immersed boundary methods for thermal flow problems
Authors: Shu C. , Ren W.W. , Yang W.M. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present two efficient immersed boundary methods (IBM) for simulation of thermal flow problems. One method is for given temperature condition (Dirichlet type), while the other is for given heat flux condition (Neumann type). The methods are applied to simulate natural and mixed convection problems to check their performance. The comparison of present results with available data in the literature shows that the present methods can obtain accurate numerical results efficiently.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents two efficient IBM solvers, in which the effect of thermal boundary to its surrounding fluid is considered through the introduction of a heat source/sink term into the energy equation. One is the temperature correction‐based IBM developed for problems with given temperature on the wall. The other is heat flux correction‐based IBM for problems with given heat flux on the wall. Note that in this solver, the offset of derivative condition is directly used to correct the temperature field.FindingsAs compared with existing solvers, the temperature correction‐based IBM determines the heat source/sink implicitly instead of pre‐calculated explicitly, so that the boundary condition for temperature is accurately satisfied. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the work of heat flux correction‐based IBM is the first endeavour for application of IBM to solve thermal flow problems with Neumann (heat flux) boundary condition. It was found that both methods presented in this work can efficiently obtain accurate numerical results for thermal flow problems.Originality/valueThe two methods presented in this paper are novel. They can effectively solve thermal flow problems with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions.
Transformative scenario planning: changing the future by exploring alternatives
Authors: Kahane Adam 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to describe “transformative scenario planning,” a methodology that enables people trying to change the future collaboratively to transform, rather than adapt to, a situation.Design/methodology/approachThe process centers on constructing scenarios of possible futures for a situation, but takes the well‐established adaptive scenario planning methodology and turns it on its head – to construct scenarios not only to understand the future, but also to influence it.FindingsTransformative scenario planning teams have tackled some of the most important and difficult challenges of our time: health care, economic development, and climate change across the Americas, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia, and Australia. Some of these teams succeeded in changing their situation and others have failed.Practical implicationsThe five steps of transformative scenario planning are: convening a team from across the whole system; observing what is happening; constructing stories about what could happen; discovering what can and must be done; and acting to transform the system.Originality/valueThe process centers on constructing scenarios of possible futures for a situation, not only to understand the future, but also to learn how to influence it.
A model for strategy implementation and conflict resolution in the franchise business
Authors: Davis Paul J. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the inherent tensions of the franchisor‐franchisee relationship from the viewpoint of business strategy. It also aims to highlight seven areas of the partnership that can be developed to promote cooperation on a shared strategic direction that delivers improved business outcomesDesign/methodology/approachThe literature is reviewed and the author's extensive experience in franchising is drawn on. The Seven C Approach is discussed as a guide.FindingsThe paper finds that by adopting an approach based on communication, cooperation, consultation, collaboration, coordination, concession and competence franchisors and franchisees can work through their differences on strategy formulation and implementation.Practical implicationsThe paper has real and immediate practical benefits for franchisors and franchisees in that it provides a seven‐step guide for improving the working relationship between the two. This will result in greater trust and better business outcomes.Originality/valueThis paper distills the theory into a compact, practical and easily implementable seven‐step process for improving the franchising relationship. The result is a useful guide for franchising businesses based on research and experience. A new strategy model is developed for practitioners and is presented here for the first time.
Conference report – Dynamic discourse drives effective strategy implementation: Association for Strategic Planning's annual conference recap
Authors: Sterling John , Rader Dave 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on the Association for Strategic Planning Conference.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides a conference report for the 2012 Association for Strategic Planning Conference, held in Lincolnshire, Illinois, USA from May 30‐June 2, 2012.FindingsThe paper reveals presentations of practitioners and veteran consultants who share what is working in their practice of strategic management.Originality/valueThe paper provides reviews of papers presented at the 2012 Association for Strategic Planning Conference provided by practitioners and veteran consultants who share what is working in their practice of strategic management.
Leadership communications: planning for the desired reaction
Authors: Fred Garcia Helio 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe author warns that when corporate leaders misunderstand and mishandle communication in a crisis, there can be existential consequences: customer loyalty can be jeopardized, market share lost to rivals, the ability to achieve key goals compromised, and perhaps a legal position undercut. The article aims to demonstrate how such pitfalls can be avoided.Design/methodology/approachThe paper explains that effective communication requires mastering a discipline with two key skills – gaining a current and thorough knowledge of the expectations and needs of audience and understanding how to craft a message to achieve a desired reaction.FindingsThe author proposes and parses a working definition of communication is: “an act of will directed toward a living entity that reacts.”Research limitations/implicationsCase studies of communications failures are reported.Practical implicationsOrganizations need defenses against their charismatic leaders.Originality/valueThe paper provides a guide to how effective leaders communicate with stakeholders by speaking and acting only after thoroughly studying their needs and interests.
The practical relevance of management accounting research and the role of qualitative methods therein
Authors: ter Bogt Henk , van Helden Jan 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present and analyze the opinions of a number of editors of accounting journals on the value they attach to the practical relevance of management accounting research and the potential role of qualitative methods in conducting this type of research.Design/methodology/approachThis paper collects together commentaries from these journal editors about the theme indicated above, together with an overview and reflections by the editors of this special issue.FindingsThe journal editors do not regard a lack of practical relevance in management accounting research as a key concern. Most of them see practice‐relevance and theoretical advancement as complementary, while the latter is given by far the most weight as the core of academic work. Furthermore, most journal editors have no clear preference for either qualitative or quantitative research in relation to the practical relevance issue. Neither do they seem to have strong opinions about the specific benefits of qualitative methods in practice‐relevant studies. In their commentaries, the editors of this special issue advocate a stronger connection between the needs of practitioners and the content of the research, more interventionist research in which practitioners and researchers work together, and a greater focus on communication between academics and practitioners about the practical implications of management accounting research. The special issue editors specifically emphasize the importance of this communication in relation to safeguarding the “support” of various groups in society for academic research.Practical implicationsThe paper contributes to the ongoing debate about the practical relevance of management accounting research, and particularly to the role of qualitative methods in practice‐relevant studies.Originality/valueBy collecting and analyzing the opinions of editors of several prominent accounting journals on the practice‐relevance of the research in this field, a contribution is made to the ongoing debate about this issue.
ERP systems and management accounting: a multiple case study
Authors: Sánchez‐Rodríguez Cristóbal , Spraakman Gary 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe present study seeks to refine the findings and theory on the impact that enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementations have had on management accounting. Specifically, the purposes of this paper are to analyze the changes that ERP implementations have had on performance measures, management accounting techniques, activities of management accountants, and the use of non‐financial information.Design/methodology/approachThe controllers of 13 major Canadian firms were interviewed as part of a multiple case study. Open‐ended questions were used.FindingsThe research assesses how ERP implementations through more computational power, relational databases, standardized state‐of‐the‐art transaction processing, and extended chart of accounts change management accounting. The enhanced computing power and overall standardization lead to more accurate and timely information. The standardized transaction processing and the charts of accounts have increased the availability of information from units and products previously deficient of information, and ensured a consistency of information across all units and products. The standardization and automation of transaction processing has reduced the amount of data entry done by management accountants. Performance measures have been standardized, expanded to more units and products, increased in accuracy, and produced more quickly. Management accounting techniques have become more efficient and effective. Management accountants are less involved with data entry, thus allowing them to undertake more analyses. Non‐financial information is more extensive.Originality/valueThis research provides new insights or contributions to understanding how ERP systems impact management accounting and management accountants. First, ERP system implementations affect management accounting. Second, the three part lens or conceptual framework – physical, transactional, and information – explicates the impact of ERP systems on management accounting and management accountants. Third, understanding the impact is further guided by recognizing the expanded chart of accounts inherent with ERP systems.
The Norwegian Police Force: a learning organization?
Authors: Thea Wathne Christin 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine what decisions to prosecute, sent to the local police districts from the Norwegian Bureau for the Investigation of Police Affairs (the body responsible for investigated charges against the police), can tell us about the challenges the police face in becoming a learning organization.Design/methodology/approachThe data for this paper were collected in connection with the subproject that studied how the police districts handled the cases they received from the Bureau for Administrative Evaluation. This project was carried out in 2008‐2009 and is based methodically on a study of 33 (of a total of 35) different cases from 2007, which ensures a broad thematic scope.FindingsThe willingness of the leadership to take responsibility for the organization's systematic ability – and liberty – to ask fundamental questions about dominant values and norms, and thus to promote experiential learning, varied greatly. Whether the administrative cases were perceived to belong on the individual or the organizational level had great impact on how the cases were defined when they came back to the local police district, which again decided how the cases were handled. This had consequences for the degree to which the cases were the subject of individual or collective learning processes in the police district.Research limitations/implicationsThe role of the police as custodians of law and order may paradoxically limit the organization's ability to learn from potentially criminal events and cases that come from the Bureau for Administrative Evaluation. This contributes to a weak system focus and a strong individual focus, where individual shame bearers are created and double‐loop learning is avoided.Practical implicationsTo ensure that the learning systems are actually used and function as intended, it might be apposite to have regular litmus tests of the development by analyzing the handling of concrete events and patterns which emerge over time. An important element in this connection is to observe how leaders deal with potentially shameful incidents, both internally and in the public light, and thus constitute the police organization's boundaries to the outside world.Originality/valueThe paper argues that the police's role as custodians of law and order paradoxically may contribute towards limiting the organization's ability to learn from potentially criminal events and cases that come from the Bureau for Administrative Evaluation.
The distribution of water‐monitoring organizations across states
Authors: Lynch Michael J. , Stretesky Paul B. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to draw upon concepts in community‐oriented policing in order to explore the distribution of citizen water‐monitoring organizations and their role in community environmental policing, in order to address the issue of environmental justice. The empirical portion of the analysis examines the distribution of these organizations across states, and the relationship of this distribution to social inequity.Design/methodology/approachThis study design is cross‐sectional in nature and examines the distribution and density of 1,308 citizen water‐monitoring organizations across states. Ordinary least squares regression is used to examine the relationship between the density and social disadvantage while controlling for environmental enforcement patterns, rates of non‐compliance, water quality, region of the country, water area, and coastal states.FindingsRace and ethnicity are negatively correlated with the density of water‐monitoring organizations across states. Median household income is positively correlated with water‐monitoring organizations across states.Practical implicationsThis paper suggests that community environmental policing is a response to ecological disorganization. More specifically, in the case of citizen‐led water‐monitoring organizations it is critical that states with relatively large proportions of low income, black and Hispanic residents help provide resources to encourage the development of these community groups.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to draw upon the ideas found in the community‐oriented policing literature to examine water‐monitoring organizations. While the literature suggests that collaborative efforts between state law enforcement agencies and water‐monitoring organizations may help combat ecological disorganization, it is also the first study to suggest that environmental injustice could be an unintended drawback of community environmental policing.
Police suicide: prevalence, risk, and protective factors
Authors: Chae Mark H. , Boyle Douglas J. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore risk and protective factors associated with suicidal ideation among law enforcement personnel.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology employed is based on the “Best Evidence Synthesis” approach, whereby researchers systematically examine and integrate the most empirically sound available research on the topic under investigation.FindingsResults of studies showed that the interaction of multiple risk factors had a cumulative effect in increasing the risk for suicidal ideation. In total, five prominent aspects of policing were associated with risk for suicidal ideation: organizational stress; critical incident trauma; shift work; relationship problems; and alcohol use and abuse. Studies also indicated that protective factors and preventative measures had stress‐buffering effects which decreased the impact of police stressors.Research limitations/implicationsThe model is limited because few studies have employed methodologically‐sound research designs to test risk and protective factors related to police suicide. This conceptual overview may facilitate theory development and provide directions for future research.Practical implicationsLaw enforcement agencies which implement programs that assist police personnel in developing active coping styles, identify and access available social support systems, as well as utilize community‐based services may decrease risk for suicidal ideation. This review provides practical applications for law enforcement training, education, and program development.Originality/valueThe paper represents the most recent review of risk and protective factors related to suicidal ideation among police personnel. This integration of research provides police practitioners with an evidence‐based ecological framework that can be applied universally in police management settings.