bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between TGF-β Levels and Degree of Wound Healing in Leprosy Ulcer Patients: An Observational Study at dr. Rehatta Regional Hospital Jepara
Authors: Alfarizi Rizki , Yuniati Renni , Mundhofir Farmaditya Eka Putra , Wijayahadi Noor , Nindita Yora 
Published: July 2024

Background: Ulcers are one form of chronic wounds as one form of complication experienced by leprosy sufferers. In the process of healing wounds such as ulcers, TGF-β has a broad role. Several studies have stated that in chronic wound conditions there is a decrease in TGF-β levels so that the wound is increasingly difficult to heal. This study aims to determine the relationship between TGF-β serum levels and the degree of ulcer wound healing. Methods: This study is an observational analysis study with a cross-sectional design and involved 33 leprosy ulcer patients undergoing treatment at the dr. Rehatta Jepara Hospital in the period March-April 2024. Serum TGF-β levels were measured using the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method while the degree of wound healing was assessed by scoring the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH). Bivariate analysis using the Spearman Correlation Rank Test. Results: The correlation test between serum TGF-β levels and the degree of wound healing (p = 0.807) and duration of leprosy as covariate (p = 0.96) showed insignificant results. Conclusion: There is no relationship between serum TGF-β levels and the degree of wound healing and duration of leprosy.
Job Loss and Migration: Do Family Connections Matter?
Authors: Maczulskij Terhi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper utilizes administrative employer–employee data to analyze the effect of job loss on interregional migration and to study how family connections, related to childhood family members and birth region preferences, shape these location choices. The results reveal that job loss due to establishment closures increases the probability of interregional migration by nearly 80 %. While local family member connections and birth region preferences pose substantial obstacles to moving, they do not necessarily lead to relocation in response to job loss. Instead, displaced workers tend to migrate to non-birth regions where they have no observed family member connections, although higher economic gains in these regions may partly offset the loss of utility resulting from these factors.
Is Family-Priority Rule the Right Path? An Experimental Study of the Chinese Organ Allocation System
Authors: Li Danyang , Luo Jun , Ye Hang , Zheng Heng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
China is experiencing an organ shortage crisis. We experimentally test the effectiveness of the family-priority allocation rule on organ donation and argue that such incentive would be highly motivating in Chinese family-oriented culture. Results of our experiment show that introducing the family-priority rule can not only increase donor registration but also promote family consent. Such priority rule would be particularly effective to increase deceased organ donation in China, as it will significantly promote donor registration and meanwhile generate a consistent higher family consent rate in a more family-orientated culture.
Biased Voluntary Nutri-Score Labeling
Authors: Schnedler Wendelin , Vigano Antonia 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Food labels are supposed to quickly inform consumers about the nutritional values of products. We provide evidence that in a system where labels are voluntary, they are systematically distorted. The probability of finding a label on a product of the category with the highest nutritional value is 51 percentage points larger than in the lowest category.
Application of big data technology in emergency management platform informatization construction
Authors: Lin Meirong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe emergence of emergencies has impacted China’s politics, economy, and other aspects to varying degrees, seriously threatening social stability, economic development, and people’s happiness. The emergency management platform plays an important role in the handling of emergencies. The establishment of the emergency management platform can help leaders make correct decisions and reduce the impact of emergencies on the safety of people’s lives and property. However, some problems are gradually exposed in the process of establishing the emergency management platform. How to make it play its role better has become an important goal of platform informatization. With the advent of the big data era, big data technology has become a new way of information construction of emergency management platforms. This article mainly discussed the information construction of the emergency management platform. This article proposed to use big data technology to carry out the information construction of the emergency management platform and use the time series data mining algorithm based on the Artificial Neural Network to achieve the prediction function of the platform. The experimental results in this article showed that the prediction rate was 98.0% when the emergencies of the input platform were 50 and 99.0% when the emergencies of the input platform were 300. It can be seen that the emergency management platform designed in this article has a high ability to predict emergencies, so that emergency management measures can be taken in advance to reduce the occurrence of emergencies.
On fractional inequalities on metric measure spaces with polar decomposition
Authors: Kassymov Aidyn , Ruzhansky Michael , Zaur Gulnur 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we prove the fractional Hardy inequality on polarisable metric measure spaces.
The integral Hardy inequality for

1
<
p
≤
q
<
∞

1<p\leq q<\infty

is playing a key role in the proof.
Moreover, we also prove the fractional Hardy–Sobolev type inequality on metric measure spaces.
In addition, logarithmic Hardy–Sobolev and fractional Nash type inequalities on metric measure spaces are presented.
In addition, we present applications on homogeneous groups and on the Heisenberg group.
Exploring environmental awareness, knowledge, and safety: A comparative study among students in Montenegro and North Macedonia
Authors: Cvetković Vladimir M. , Sudar Srna , Ivanov Aleksandar , Lukić Tin , Grozdanić Goran 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This comparative study aims to investigate environmental awareness, knowledge, and safety among students in Montenegro and North Macedonia, considering the unique socio-cultural and environmental contexts of both countries. A mixed-methods approach involving surveys and interviews was employed to gather data from students in educational institutions across Montenegro and North Macedonia. The study assessed various factors, including students’ awareness of environmental issues, their perceived level of knowledge, and their attitudes towards safety measures. A comprehensive series of 400 face-to-face interviews was carried out, and these interviews encompassed 200 students from Montenegro and an equal number from North Macedonia, taking place at two esteemed academic institutions: The University of Montenegro in Podgorica and The University of St. Clement of Ohrid, Bitola, Republic of North Macedonia. Our hypothetical conceptual framework proposes that a combination of variables, including gender (H1), age (H2), year of study (H3), and rate of study (H4), significantly influences the attitudes of students from Montenegro and North Macedonia towards environmental awareness, safety, and knowledge. Research findings indicate significant variations in environmental awareness and knowledge perception among students in the two countries. While both Montenegro and North Macedonia face environmental challenges, differences in educational systems and socio-economic factors contribute to distinct attitudes and behaviours towards environmental issues and safety practices. This study sheds light on the importance of understanding regional differences in environmental awareness and knowledge perception among students. By identifying areas of strength and areas needing improvement, policymakers and educators can develop targeted interventions to enhance environmental education and foster a culture of sustainability in both Montenegro and North Macedonia.
Aligning the education of medical students to healthcare in the UK
Authors: Chen Guangjie , Delves Peter J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
How can universities improve their ability to cultivate high-quality and innovative medical talent? The Ministry of Education in China is in the process of implementing the ‘Six Excellent and One Top-Notch’ Plan 2.0 with the aim of substantially revising the teaching of medicine. The United Kingdom (UK) and other countries around the world are also continuously aiming to innovate their medical teaching. With respect to medical education in China, the primary goal is to develop a new medical talent training system that meets future needs, with an emphasis on integration, innovation and interdisciplinary approaches. Here we mainly discuss medical student education systems in the UK with an emphasis on teaching philosophy, objectives, curriculum, and the various types of teaching delivery and assessment that are used in UK medical schools. Through in-depth review of the current situation of medical education in the UK, we hope to provide reference for the reform of the medical education system in China.
Operation enhancement of the H2 shaft furnace: a numerical study on the impact of N2 mixing in feed gas
Authors: Yu Shan , Shao Lei , Zou Zongshu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Focusing on improving the performance of the hydrogen (H2)-based direct reduction shaft furnace (HSF), the current work was undertaken to evaluate the potential benefits of an operation featuring nitrogen (N2) mixing in feed gas using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model that describes the in-furnace gas-solid countercurrent reactive flows. A set of simulation cases was carried out under different N2 flow rates and top pressures. Variation in the latter operating parameter was conducted with the intent to mitigate the issue of H2 dilution caused by N2 mixing. The results showed that the in-furnace thermochemical state deteriorates if the N2 flow rate is inadequate. The state is gradually improved by increasing the N2 flow rate as more sensible heat is delivered into the process, thereby resulting in better degrees of solid reduction and H2 utilization. An increase in the top pressure gives rise to higher gas density that enhances the driving force and thus facilitates the reduction reaction. A higher solid reduction degree is consequently achieved by elevating the top pressure. When the top pressure exceeds 5.0 atm, however, the increase in solid reduction degree becomes marginal, while the energy required for compressing the feed gas continues to rise linearly.
Investigation on NO and N2O emissions characteristics in deep peak regulation circulating fluidized bed boilers
Authors: An Fengxia , Zhang Yiwen , Le Lingyan , Yu Ying , Shen Fanhui , Yang Kang , Hu Haitao , Ye Fan , Wang Hui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
To adapt to the increasing proportion of new energy power generation capacity, coal power must transition from its traditional role as the primary power source to serving as a fundamental backup and system regulation energy source. The circulating fluidized bed technology is known for its wide range of load regulation capabilities; however, emissions of pollutants during load regulation can exhibit significant variability. This study utilized Aspen Plus software to develop a circulating fluidized bed combustion model based on a gas-solid fluid dynamics model, an equivalent coal pyrolysis model, and a multi-phase macroscopic combustion reaction dynamics model of pyrolysis products. This model was used to predict both the temperature distribution within the furnace chamber and the distribution of pollutant concentrations. Predictions of pollutant emissions from 100 % load to 30 % load of the circulating fluidized bed were explored under the original combustion condition and 5 % proportion of recirculated flue gas. Under the primary combustion condition, the emission concentration of NO
x
showed a decreasing and then increasing trend with decreasing load, while the concentration of nitrous oxide, in contrast to NO
x
, showed an increasing and then decreasing trend. The effect of recirculated flue gas on pollutant emissions was not significant at reduced loads. This study aims to provide technical support and theoretical guidance for the management of pollutant emissions from the deep peak regulation of actual circulating fluidized beds.
Investigating EFL oral production in a technology mediated TBLT context
Authors: Albarqi Ghadah 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the rapidly expanding domain of online learning, investigating the effectiveness of technology-mediated task-based language teaching (TBLT) in improving English as a Foreign Language (EFL) oral production becomes paramount. Therefore, the present study was conducted over two months to examine how EFL learners’ oral production, measured by complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF), changed throughout technology-mediated TBLT instructions. This study also examined how the relationships among CAF aspects evolved. A cohort of 38 EFL learners underwent a series of oral tasks at the beginning and end of the study period, and repeated measures and correlation analyses were employed to analyse the data. The findings showed significant improvement in EFL learners’ speech rate and accuracy of their utterances after two months. Moreover, the data indicated that fluency features were intricately connected with other CAF dimensions, whereas accuracy, lexical diversity, and syntactic complexity exhibited independent development. The identification of long-term relationships among certain CAF aspects provided valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of EFL speech production. The results of this study have significant implications for both research and practice within the domain of technology-mediated TBLT.
Current philosophical perspectives on drug approval in the real world
Authors: Landes Jürgen , Auker-Howlett Daniel J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The evidence-based medicine approach to causal medical inference is the dominant account among medical methodologists. Competing approaches originating in the philosophy of medicine seek to challenge this account. In order to see how successful these challenges are, we need to assess the performance of all approaches in real world medical inference. One important real world problem all approaches could be applied to is the assessment of drugs for approval by drug regulation agencies. This study assesses the success of the status quo against an empirical non-systematically obtained body of evidence and we scrutinise the alternative approaches from the armchair, contemplating how they would fare in the real world. We tentatively conclude that the status quo is regularly not successful at its primary task as it regularly fails to correctly assess effectiveness and safety and suggest that this is due to inherent factors of the “messy real world.” However, while all alternatives hold promise, they are at least as susceptible to the real world issues that beset the status quo. We also make recommendations for changes to current drug approval procedures, identify lacunae to fill in the alternatives, and finally, call for a continuation of the development of alternative approaches to causal medical inference and recommendations for changes to current drug approval procedures.
Pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a key technology truly improves treatment model for pancreatic stones
Authors: Yi Jinhui , Xu Jinjie , Hu Lianghao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is characterized by irreversible destruction of pancreatic parenchyma, inflammatory cell infiltration and progressive fibrosis of pancreatic tissue. Obstruction of pancreatic duct by pancreatic stone is the common pathological change in the course of CP with the incidence of over 50 % at the diagnosis of CP. These ductal stones would cause pancreatic parenchymal hypertension and local ischemia, which was eventually followed by recurrent episodes of painful pancreatitis or other manifestations of pancreatic exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Removing pancreatic stones has been confirmed as the core to reduce pressure, improve drainage and lessen pain. Surgical therapy achieves satisfying pain relief with more complications, higher cost and less repeatability compared with endoscopic therapy. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, which used to be the standard endoscopic therapy for pancreatic stones, would fail if these stones are large or complex, while pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (P-ESWL), which has been applied since 1987, could overcome this problem. Up to now, a large number of guidelines have recommended the P-ESWL as the first-line treatment strategy for radiopaque obstructive main pancreatic duct stones larger than 5 mm located in the head/body of the pancreas, and P-ESWL had completely changed the traditional treatment model for CP patients with pancreatic stones. In this article, we will focus on the technical progress, efficacy, safety and potential research areas of P-ESWL, we also give us suggestions for lithotripters improvement.
Overview of marine radionuclides from sampling to monitoring
Authors: Sagadevan Suresh , Juan Joon Ching 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Radioactive materials may contain primordial radionuclides, and radionuclides of anthropogenic, nuclear accident, and waste disposal which are present in marine environments. This review explores various approaches for the effective sampling and detection of marine radionuclides. The different types of samples that can be collected, including water, sediment, biota, and suspended particulate matter are discussed. Additionally, this paper discusses the various analytical techniques employed for radionuclide detection, such as gamma spectrometry and radiochemical separation. The review emphasizes the importance of choosing appropriate sampling and detection methods based on the specific radionuclides, environmental conditions, and the desired level of sensitivity. It also highlights the challenges associated with their sampling and detection in complex marine environments. These include low radionuclide concentrations, interference from natural matrices, and contamination risks.
Positional microstates and probability fields in real systems
Authors: Tolley Dennis , Woodfield Brian F. , Hansen Lee D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A previously published paper provided six examples of spontaneous processes for ideal systems that cannot be explained using classical thermodynamics. These six examples include free expansion of an ideal gas, mixing of ideal gases, diffusion of an ideal solute, mixing of ideal solutes, osmosis with ideal solutions, and free discharge of a concentration battery with ideal solutions. The previous paper demonstrated how energy was not a driving force in any of these examples and then proceeded to develop a positional entropy model, S
D, that explains why these spontaneous processes occur. This new paper provides a method for calculating positional entropy, S
D, for the same six systems, but for real particles that include nonzero volumes, particles with different volumes, and particles with different particle-particle interactions. The important outcome of this work shows that spontaneous discharge of these six example systems, either for ideal or real particles, is the result of a probability field created by the non-equilibrium distribution of the microstates that exists after the constraints on the system are changed, e.g., by removal of a separating partition or the shorting of a concentration cell. The probability field biases the movement of the particles toward the equilibrium distribution, where the bias is a consequence of an increased probability and not because of a decrease in energy. An additional conclusion of this work shows that the discharge of the probability field to the final equilibrium distribution of positional microstates removes the potential energy in the system but does not violate the law of conservation of energy.
A critical appraisal of the WHO 2024 systematic review of the effects of RF-EMF exposure on tinnitus, migraine/headache, and non-specific symptoms
Authors: Frank John W. , Melnick Ronald L. , Moskowitz Joel M. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2012 initiated an expert consultation about research on the health effects of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) for a WHO monograph that was last updated in 1993. The project was abandoned over concerns about the quality of the commissioned review papers. The WHO restarted the project in 2019 by commissioning 10 systematic reviews (SRs) of the research on RF-EMF exposure and adverse biological and health outcomes in laboratory animals, cell cultures, and human populations. The second of these SRs, published in 2024, addresses human observational studies of RF-EMF exposure and non-specific symptoms, including tinnitus, migraine/headache, and sleep disturbance. The present commentary is a critical appraisal of the scientific quality of this SR (SR7) employing criteria developed by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Based upon our review, we call for a retraction of SR7 and an impartial investigation by unconflicted experts of the currently available evidence and future research priorities.
Cultural semiotics for mathematical discourses
Authors: Manolino Carola 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Mathematics is often defined as a “universal” or “conventional” language. Yet, things may be not as simple as that. The theoretical lens of the semiosphere, with the related notions of context and spatial dynamics, within which the concept of cultural conflict is defined, provides a new framework for research in mathematics education to consider the cultural aspects of mathematical discourses. It is under this framework that learning awareness occurs, and teaching challenges are no longer conceived as independent of the content taught (or to be taught). It is not a question of nullifying the cultural conflict, but exploiting the concept of asymmetry to make sense of mathematical discourse. Meeting foreign cultures leads to looking at one’s own practices. An example drawn from Danish numerals, juxtaposed with a mathematical discourse occurring in a sixth-grade classroom in Italy, delves into the practical application of the framework.
Safety of the Use of Aerosol Form of Cephalosporin Antibiotics for Lungs (Experimental Study)
Authors: АНЬКОВ С.В. , БОРИСОВА М.С. , ТОЛСТИКОВА Т.Г. , БАКЛАНОВ А.М. , ВАЛИУЛИН С.В. 
Published: July 2024

Проведена оценка безопасности применения аэрозолей антибиотиков цефалоспоринового ряда по результатам гистологического исследования легких при ингаляциях различной длительности. Установлено, что длительная ингаляция не оказывает токсического влияния на легкие.
The safety of administering aerosolised cephalosporin antibiotics is evaluated,relying on the results of histological examination of lungs after inhalation for different time intervals. Long-term inhalation is detected to cause no toxic effect on the lungs.