bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential decline of SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibody levels, innate and adaptive immune cells, and shift of Th1/inflammatory to Th2 serum cytokine levels long after first COVID‐19
Authors: Kratzer Bernhard , Gattinger Pia , Trapin Doris , Ettel Paul , Körmöczi Ulrike , Rottal Arno , Stieger Robert B. , Sehgal Al Nasar Ahmed , Feichter Melanie , Borochova Kristina , Tulaeva Inna , Grabmeier‐Pfistershammer Katharina , Tauber Peter A. , Perkmann Thomas , Fae Ingrid , Wenda Sabine , Kundi Michael , Fischer Gottfried F. , Valenta Rudolf , Pickl Winfried F. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundSARS‐CoV‐2 has triggered a pandemic and contributes to long‐lasting morbidity. Several studies have investigated immediate cellular and humoral immune responses during acute infection. However, little is known about long‐term effects of COVID‐19 on the immune system.MethodsWe performed a longitudinal investigation of cellular and humoral immune parameters in 106 non‐vaccinated subjects ten weeks (10 w) and ten months (10 m) after their first SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Peripheral blood immune cells were analyzed by multiparametric flow cytometry, serum cytokines were examined by multiplex technology. Antibodies specific for the Spike protein (S), the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) and the nucleocapsid protein (NC) were determined. All parameters measured 10 w and 10 m after infection were compared with those of a matched, noninfected control group (n = 98).ResultsWhole blood flow cytometric analyses revealed that 10 m after COVID‐19, convalescent patients compared to controls had reduced absolute granulocyte, monocyte, and lymphocyte counts, involving T, B, and NK cells, in particular CD3+CD45RA+CD62L+CD31+ recent thymic emigrant T cells and non‐class‐switched CD19+IgD+CD27+ memory B cells. Cellular changes were associated with a reversal from Th1‐ to Th2‐dominated serum cytokine patterns. Strong declines of NC‐ and S‐specific antibody levels were associated with younger age (by 10.3 years, p < .01) and fewer CD3−CD56+ NK and CD19+CD27+ B memory cells. Changes of T‐cell subsets at 10 m such as normalization of effector and Treg numbers, decline of RTE, and increase of central memory T cell numbers were independent of antibody decline pattern.ConclusionsCOVID‐19 causes long‐term reduction of innate and adaptive immune cells which is associated with a Th2 serum cytokine profile. This may provide an immunological mechanism for long‐term sequelae after COVID‐19.
Effect of time since vasectomy on live birth rate of TESE‒ICSI egg donation cycles and male‐related prognostic factors
Authors: Hervas Irene , Pellegrini Livia , Valls Lorena , Gil Julia Maria , Navarro‐Gomezlechon Ana , Rivera‐Egea Rocio , Mossetti Laura , Jabaloyas Jose Maria Martinez , Garrido Nicolas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundVasectomy is a widely used method of contraception. However, some men may have the desire to become biological fathers again after a period.ObjectiveTo explore the effect of time since vasectomy and different male comorbidities on live birth rates from intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles using donated oocytes by using testicular spermatozoa obtained by testicular sperm extraction.Materials and methodsThis was a retrospective study of 123 couples who underwent a testicular sperm extraction‒intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle after vasectomy using donated oocytes. Subjects were divided into groups according to time since vasectomy and the male risk factor evaluated. The main outcomes measured were live birth rate per embryo transfer, per oocyte donation cycle, and per couple. We assessed the cumulative live birth rate according to the time since vasectomy and considered male comorbidities: body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and smoking.ResultsThe overall live birth rate per couple was 59.3% (50.6–68.0). Considering the number of embryo transfer and oocyte donation cycle, the live birth rates were 34.1% (27.8–40.4) and 44.5% (36.9–52.1), respectively. The live birth rate according to time since vasectomy was not statistically different between groups. Consequently, the cumulative live birth rate was similar between the different interval times when considering one to eight embryo transfers (p = 0.74). No statistical differences in live birth rate and cumulative live birth rate were found between groups clustered according to male body mass index, smoking, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. However, diabetic male patients had a significantly lower rate of live birth rate per couple (22.2% [4.94–49.4]) than non‐diabetic patients did (62.7% [53.7–71.8]) (p = 0.03), but not in their cumulative live birth rate.ConclusionsThe time since vasectomy seems to have no detrimental effects on the live birth rate and cumulative live birth rate in testicular sperm extraction‒intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles with donated oocytes. Male diabetes negatively affects the overall live birth rate per couple, but not the cumulative live birth rate. These results could be useful for multidisciplinary patient‐tailored counseling, regarding the chance of having a pregnancy and facilitating the decision‐making process of the fertility specialists.
The effect of vitamin E and docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester on Metabolic Dysfunction‐Associated steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)—A randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group clinical trial (PUVENAFLD)
Authors: Alkhouri Naim , McCarthy Deanna , Bayne Anne‐Cécile V. , Blonquist Traci , Yurko‐Mauro Karin , Vuppalanchi Raj , Lawitz Eric , Chalasani Naga 
Published: July 2024

SummaryAimsWe conducted a clinical trial to determine the efficacy of the combination of vitamin E and/or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) versus placebo in reducing liver fat content after 6 months of intervention in adults with MASLD.MethodsAdults with MASLD were randomised to one of four treatment arms (vitamin E 1000 mg/daily + DHA 1.89 g/daily or combination arm, vitamin E 1000 mg alone, DHA 1.89 g alone or placebo) following a 2:1:1:2 randomisation. The primary objective was to determine the efficacy of DHA + vitamin E versus placebo in reducing hepatic fat fraction (%) relative to baseline after 6 months of intervention. Secondary objectives were to determine the effect of vitamin E or DHA alone versus placebo on reducing liver fat at 6 months.ResultsOur cohort consisted of 203 subjects with a mean age of 51 years, 53% female, 91% White, 59% Hispanic ethnicity. The combination of vitamin E + DHA had no effect on the primary endpoint of reducing hepatic steatosis as determined by MRI‐PDFF (p = 0.98). Neither vitamin E alone (p = 0.91) nor DHA alone (p = 0.14) significantly reduced hepatic steatosis compared to placebo. However, the trial was not powered adequately for this analysis. Compared with placebo, no statistically significant differences were detected in the 3‐month or 6‐month levels for ALT (U/L) or AST (U/L) in all three intervention groups.ConclusionsThe combination of DHA + vitamin E or either agent alone did not demonstrate efficacy on reducing liver fat or aminotransferases in the studied population.
Novel phenylpiperazine derivatives as potent transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 antagonists
Authors: Jing Lina , Liu Chunxia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTransient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a non‐selective cation channel, which is considered a highly validated target for pain perception. Repeated activation with agonists to desensitize receptors or use the antagonists can both exert analgesic effects. In this work, two series of novel phenylpiperazine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for the in vitro receptor inhibitory activity and in vivo analgesic activity. Among them, L‐21 containing sulfonylurea group was identified with potent TRPV1 antagonistic activity and analgesic activity in various pain models. At the same time, L‐21 exhibited low risk of hyperthermia side effect. These results indicated that L‐21 is a promising candidate for further development of novel TRPV1 antagonist to treat pain.
Compound heterozygous variants in SLC45A1 might cause syndromic intellectual disability by localization failure and activity attenuation in cells
Authors: Zhou Chiyan , Zhu Jianjun , Tang Ping , Zhu Jingkang , Zhu Xinyi , Yang Li , Bian Wei , Zhao Wei , Liu Xiaodan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntellectual disability (ID) is a kind of nervous developmental disorder and affects more than 1% of people worldwide. SLC45A1 as a transmembrane protein is implicated in the regulation of glucose homoeostasis. Through trio‐based exome sequencing, the missense mutations of SLC45A1 c.103G>A (p.V35M) and c.1211T>G (p.F404C) were identified in the proband with syndromic ID. The distribution, expression and activity of SLC45A1 wild‐type (WT) and variants were assayed in transfected COS7 cells. In SLC45A1 variants, the hydrogen bonds surrounding the 35th and 404th amino acid were changed, location on the cytomembrane was failed, their activity to transport glucose was also significantly decreased to contrast with SLC45A1‐WT. No difference was observed at the mRNA and protein level. In conclusion, the compound heterozygous variants of SLC45A1 might be the genetic etiology for syndromic ID. These novel mutations probably attenuated its activity to transport glucose by the alteration of tertiary structure and failure of intracellular location.
Risk factors for complications following sacral neuromodulation for faecal incontinence: Long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Gefen Rachel , Strassmann Victor , Stefano Hernandez Felice De , Garoufalia Zoe , Horesh Nir , Emile Sameh Hany , Da Silva Giovanna , Wexner Steven 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimSacral neuromodulation (SNM) has become a standard surgical treatment for faecal incontinence (FI). Prior studies have reported various adverse events of SNM, including suboptimal therapeutic response, infection, pain, haematoma, and potential need for redo SNM. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with long‐term complications of SNM.MethodThis retrospective cohort reviewed patients who underwent two‐stage SNM for FI at our institution between 2011–2021. Preoperative baseline characteristics and follow‐up were obtained from the medical record and/or by telephone interview. Management and outcome of each postoperative event were evaluated by univariate and multivariate regression analyses.ResultsA total of 291 patients (85.2% female) were included in this study. Postoperative complications were recorded in 219 (75.2%) patients and 154 (52.9%) patients required surgical intervention to treat complications. The most common postoperative event was loss of efficacy (46.4%). Other common adverse events were problems at the implant site (pain, infection, etc.) in 16.5% and pain during stimulation in 11.7%. Previous vaginal delivery (OR 2.74, p = 0.003) and anal surgery (OR = 2.46, p = 0.039) were independent predictors for complications. Previous colorectal (OR = 2.04, p = 0.026) and anal (OR = 1.98, p = 0.022) surgery and history of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (OR = 3.49, p = 0.003) were independent predictors for loss of efficacy.ConclusionPostoperative adverse events are frequently recorded after SNM. Loss of efficacy is the most common. Previous colorectal or anal surgery, vaginal delivery, and IBS are independent risk factors for complications.
Indications of Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatment and Its Influence on Prescriptions and Effectiveness (Hp‐EuReg)
Authors: Martínez‐Domínguez Samuel J. , Nyssen Olga P. , Lanas Ángel , Alfaro Enrique , Jonaitis Laimas , Mahmudov Umud , Voynovan Irina , Gülüstan Babayeva , Rodrigo Luis , Fiorini Giulia , Perez‐Aisa Ángeles , Tejedor‐Tejada Javier , Tepes Bojan , Vologzanina Ludmila , Mammadov Emin , Lerang Frode , Oğlu Quliyev Fərid Vidadi , Bakulina Natalia V. , Abdulkhakov Rustam , Tatiana Ilchishina , Butler Thomas J. , Sarsenbaeva Aiman Silkanovna , Bumane Renate , Lucendo Alfredo J. , Romano Marco , Bujanda Luis , Abdulkhakov Sayar R. , Zaytsev Oleg , Pabón‐Carrasco Manuel , Keco‐Huerga Alma , Denkovski Maja , Huguet Jose M. , Perona Monica , Núñez Óscar , Pavoni Matteo , Fadieienko Galyna , Alekseenko Sergey , Smith Sinead M. , Hernández Luis , Kupcinskas Juozas , Bordin Dmitry S. , Leja Mārcis , Gasbarrini Antonio , Gridnyev Oleksiy , Cano‐Català Anna , Parra Pablo , Moreira Leticia , Mégraud Francis , O'Morain Colm , Gisbert Javier P. ,   the Hp‐EuReg Investigators
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe influence of indications for Helicobacter pylori investigation on prescriptions and effectiveness is unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of indications for H. pylori investigation on prescriptions, effectiveness, compliance, and tolerance.MethodsInternational, prospective, non‐interventional registry of the management of H. pylori infection by European gastroenterologists (Hp‐EuReg). Treatment‐näive patients registered from 2013 to 2023 at e‐CRF AEG‐REDCap were analyzed. The effectiveness was assessed by modified intention‐to‐treat analysis.ResultsOverall, 53,636 treatment‐naïve cases from 34 countries were included. Most frequent indications were: dyspepsia with normal endoscopy (49%), non‐investigated dyspepsia (20%), duodenal ulcer (11%), gastric ulcer (7.7%), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (2.6%). Therapy effectiveness varied by indication: duodenal ulcer (91%), gastric ulcer (90%), preneoplastic lesions (90%), dyspepsia with normal endoscopy (89%), GERD (88%), and non‐investigated dyspepsia (87%). Bismuth‐metronidazole‐tetracycline and clarithromycin‐amoxicillin‐bismuth quadruple therapies achieved 90% effectiveness in all indications except GERD. Concomitant clarithromycin‐amoxicillin‐tinidazole/metronidazole reached 90% cure rates except in patients with non‐investigated dyspepsia; whereas sequential clarithromycin‐amoxicillin‐tinidazole/metronidazole proved optimal (≥90%) in patients with gastric ulcer only. Adverse events were higher in patients treated for dyspepsia with normal endoscopy and duodenal ulcer compared with the remaining indications (23% and 28%, p < 0.001). Therapeutic compliance was higher in patients with duodenal ulcer and preneoplastic lesions (98% and 99%, p < 0.001).ConclusionIn Europe, patients with gastric or duodenal ulcers and preneoplastic lesions showed higher H. pylori treatment effectiveness. Bismuth and non‐bismuth quadruple therapies achieved optimal results in almost all indications.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02328131.
Effect of Fe2O3 on the structure and properties of Mo‐containing borosilicate glasses for nuclear waste immobilization
Authors: Xu Youli , Liao Qilong , Wang Fu , Gu Yuxin , Pu Boyang , Zhu Hanzhen 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs a fission product in high‐level radioactive nuclear waste, Mo has low solubility in borosilicate glass. Fe2O3 is not only a prevalent transition metal element but also a major corrosion product in high‐level radioactive nuclear waste. Against this backdrop, the effect of Fe2O3 content on the structure and chemical durability of typical molybdenum‐containing sodium borosilicate glasses for nuclear waste immobilization are studied. The results show that the samples containing more than 3.85 mol% Fe2O3, a completely homogenous amorphous glass sample is obtained. Moreover, the mechanism of the effect of Fe2O3 on the solubility of Mo is discussed in detail. In this work, a portion of Fe3+ is reduced to Fe2+ and enters into the glasses as a charge compensation ion as Fe2+O6. Concurrently, Fe3+ ions contribute to the formation of the glass networks as Fe3+O4. Iron incorporation can improve the chemical durability of the sample.
Whey protein isolate‐oligosaccharides conjugates as encapsulants improving stability of L. lactis
Authors: Yu Xiaohong , Zhang Yiwen , Shao Jiayi , Li Kaiqi , Su Xinyu , Yin Shuai , Chen Xiaodong , Li Wei 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe aim of this study is to prepare Maillard reaction products (MRPs) with low Browning intensity for microencapsulation of Lactococcus lactis and to improve its processing stability and anti‐digestive ability. In this study, whey protein isolate (WPI) was combined with xylose oligosaccharides (XOS) and feruloyl oligosaccharides (FOs) at 90 °C for 90 min to prepare two Maillard reaction products (MRPs), which were applied to the construction of L. lactis microcapsules. The results showed that WPI‐FOs had a lower Browning intensity and slightly lower intermediate content than WPI‐XOS. Both MRPs showed strong inhibitory effects on the pathogens and probiotics effect on L. lactis. In addition, L. lactis coated with MRPs showed significantly enhanced resistance to heat and mechanical stress. Therefore, this study demonstrated that the Maillard conjugation of WPI with oligosaccharides has the potential to be the encapsulant for probiotic microcapsules.
Effects of different packaging method on oxidation stability and tenderness of chicken breast injected with different types of kiwifruit during storage
Authors: Kim Haeun , Chin Koo Bok 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThis study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and protease activities of red kiwifruit (RK), green kiwifruit (GRK), and gold kiwifruit (GOK) and determine the effects of various packaging methods on the quality of chicken breast injected with various kiwifruit types during storage. The physicochemical and textural properties of chicken breasts containing various kiwifruit types were evaluated. Chicken breasts were injected with brine solution containing 5% kiwifruit powder, and their product quality was measured every 3 days until day 9. GOK and RK addition to chicken breast delayed oxidation during storage. Adding GOK and GRK to chicken breast was found to increase tenderness. Modified‐atmosphere packaging (MAP) delayed microbial growth more effectively than over‐wrap packaging (OWP). These findings suggest that the combination of GOK and MAP potentially extends shelf‐life without deteriorating quality.
Microencapsulation of tomato oleoresin using tomato waste fibre and its application for orange juice fortification
Authors: Hosseini Haniyeh S. , Fathi Milad , Maleky Farnaz 
Published: July 2024

SummaryFood waste by‐products contain many bioactive compounds, such as proteins, carbohydrates, polyphenols and carotenoids. The purposes of this study was to extract oleoresin from tomato waste, apply tomato pomace powder (TPP) as a new shell material for encapsulation of oleoresin and to fortify orange juice using the developed microcapsules. Microencapsulation was carried out based on different TPP (2% and 3%) and oleoresin (20% and 30%) concentrations by spray drying at two temperatures (130 and 140 °C). Different features of microcapsules such as the encapsulation load, encapsulation efficiency, moisture content, hygroscopicity, bulk and tapped densities and the Hausner ratio were analysed. Based on properties of microcapsules, samples containing 3% TPP and 30% oleoresin dried at 130 °C were selected as the best treatment and their characteristics such as morphology, chemical structure and thermal behaviour were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that spherical micron‐size particles were formed and their crack‐free fine surface showed their potential for encapsulation of anti‐oxidants to reduce oxygen diffusion. Microencapsulated oleoresin was then added to the orange juice and the samples' pH, acidity, total soluble solids and colour were evaluated and compared with pure orange juice. Free radical scavenging method was used to investigate the anti‐oxidant properties of orange juice during storage. The results indicated that at the end of the 30 days of storage the fortified orange juice had anti‐oxidant activity equal to pure fresh orange juice on day one. Sensory evaluation results showed no significant differences between appearance, colour, thickness and overall acceptance of fresh and the fortified juices (P < 0.05). The results of this study showed the potential application of food and agricultural waste in production of value‐added ingredients to be used as natural additives in food industries.
Development of evaluation model for texture of gel‐like foods using mechanical properties and sensory evaluation
Authors: Yang Jiamin , Kijima Naoko , Monta Kana , Masaka Akiyoshi , Ishikawa Daitaro , Fujii Tomoyuki 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe aim of this study is to clarify the essential means of describing the characteristics of foods represented by texture terms using a model based on the mechanical properties of foods. Seven texture terms were identified, and the mechanical properties of gel‐like samples were determined using elasticity and rupture tests. The Blatz, Sharda and Tschoegl (BST) equation was applied to the stress‐strain curve of the samples, and the elastic parameter E and the nonlinear index n were calculated. The evaluation model of the score obtained from the sensory test for each texture term was developed using E and n, rupture stress, and rupture depth. The model demonstrated the contribution of each variable to the texture term. Moreover, a single correlation was investigated between each specific term for the texture and each mechanical parameter, respectively. These results confirmed that some of the impressions given by the texture terms did not match the actual mechanical properties of foods.
The right educational environment: Oral tolerance in early life
Authors: Cheifetz Talia R. , Knoop Kathryn A. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryOral tolerance promotes the suppression of immune responses to innocuous antigen and is primarily mediated by regulatory T cell (Tregs). The development of oral tolerance begins in early life during a “window of tolerance,” which occurs around weaning and is mediated by components in breastmilk. Herein, we review the factors dictating this window and how Tregs are uniquely educated in early life. In early life, the translocation of luminal antigen for Treg induction is primarily dictated by goblet cell‐associated antigen passages (GAPs). GAPs in the colon are negatively regulated by maternally‐derived epidermal growth factor and the microbiota, restricting GAP formation to the “periweaning” period (postnatal day 11–21 in mice, 4–6 months in humans). The induction of solid food also promotes the diversification of the bacteria such that bacterially‐derived metabolites known to promote Tregs—short‐chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolites, and bile acids—peak during the periweaning phase. Further, breastmilk immunoglobulins—IgA and IgG—regulate both microbial diversity and the interaction of microbes with the epithelium, further controlling which antigens are presented to T cells. Overall, these elements work in conjunction to induce a long‐lived population of Tregs, around weaning, that are crucial for maintaining homeostasis in adults.
Malmö International Brother Study (MIBS): An International Survey of Brother Pairs with Haemophilia
Authors: Astermark Jan , Berntorp Erik 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMalmö International Brother Study (MIBS) was initiated in 1996 in order to set up an international registry of twins and non‐twin brothers with haemophilia and to search for genetic and compound factors predisposing for inhibitor development. As of July, 1997, 178 brother pairs are registered (143 haemophilia A and 35 haemophilia B patients). Sixteen of these pairs are twins. In 48 of the brother pairs (27%) there is a history of inhibitors, in 25 of them involving only one of the brothers. Immune tolerance induction has been attempted in 13 brother pairs (27%) and in four pairs the inhibitor has been eradicated. Additional demographic data need to be collected and, if possible plasma, IgG and DNA samples will be taken from inhibitor patients to serve as a tool for basic inhibitor experiments.