bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface charge, but not size, of liposomes is involved in the suppression of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL‐2H3) cell degranulation mediated by Akt phosphorylation
Authors: Inoh Yoshikazu , Ito Nanami , Yokawa Satoru , Suzuki Ruriko , Furuno Tadahide 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCationic liposomes composed of cholesteryl‐3β‐carboxyamidoethylene‐N‐hydroxyethylamine (OH‐chol) and 1,2‐dioleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) inhibit mast cell degranulation mediated via crosslinking of high‐affinity IgE receptors (FcεRI). Although the inhibitory efficiency of mast cell degranulation is altered by modifying the ratio of OH‐chol and DOPE in cationic liposomes, the manner in which physicochemical properties, such as surface charge and size, influence suppression is not clear. We observed that positive surface charge, but not the size, of liposomes plays a role in suppressing rat basophilic leukemia (RBL‐2H3) cell activation. Pretreatment with middle‐ratio OH‐chol liposomes (zeta potential, 62.2 ± 0.5 mV; diameter, 325.4 ± 7.3 nm) exhibited a larger suppression of RBL‐2H3 cell degranulation evoked by FcεRI crosslinking compared with that by low‐ratio OH‐chol liposomes (zeta potential, 48.6 ± 1.9 mV; diameter, 344.4 ± 25.0 nm), although both liposomes were similarly attached to RBL‐2H3 cells. Preparation of middle‐ratio OH‐chol liposomes, classified roughly by size using an extrusion method, revealed that the liposomal size did not affect the inhibitory efficiency of RBL‐2H3 cell activation. Mechanistically, we found that middle‐ratio OH‐chol liposomes increased the inhibition of antigen‐induced Akt phosphorylation compared to low‐ratio OH‐chol liposomes. We measured the phosphorylation of linker for activation of T cells (LAT) and paxillin, which are important proteins in FcεRI‐ and focal adhesions (FAs)‐mediated signaling, respectively. Middle ratio OH‐chol liposomes significantly suppressed antigen‐induced paxillin phosphorylation, but did not affect LAT phosphorylation, suggesting that middle‐ratio OH‐chol liposomes attached to RBL‐2H3 cells suppress the degranulation by impairing FA‐mediated Akt phosphorylation evoked by FcεRI crosslinking.
Endoscopic trans‐canal facial nerve decompression in Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome: A novel approach
Authors: Asghari Alimohamad , Nasoori Yaser , Daneshi Ahmad , Kianiasiabar Mojgan , Dehghani Firouzabadi Fatemeh 
Published: June 2024

Key Clinical MessageMelkersson–Rosenthal syndrome can cause recurring bilateral facial paralysis. When steroids fail, surgical decompression of facial nerve is recommended, with endoscopic trans‐canal decompression as a safe, minimally invasive, and effective option.AbstractMelkersson–Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) is a rare neuro‐mucocutaneous disorder, clinically diagnosed by a triad of orofacial swelling, recurrent facial palsy, and fissured tongue. Due to the lack of a comprehensive understanding of MRS, there is no accepted standard of care. In this study we report a 30‐year‐old female patient, who was referred to the otolaryngology clinic of Rasool Akram Hospital, with classical triad of MRS that was managed by endoscopic trans‐canal facial nerve decompression. Bilateral endoscopic trans‐canal facial nerve decompression was done when we did not find any improvement with systemic steroids. Endoscopic trans‐canal facial nerve decompression could be a safe, reliable minimal invasive treatment of facial paralysis in MRS patients. It needs no external incision or temporal bone drilling which makes this method more convenient for patients with shorter recovery time.
Basilar artery fenestration in migraine patient
Authors: Rahangdale Aneesh , Kurako Kateryna 
Published: June 2024

Key Clinical MessageBasilar artery fenestration should be considered in migraine patients, especially with a cerebrovascular family history, necessitating annual magnetic resonance imaging/angiography (MRI/MRA) monitoring and careful assessment of birth control regimens to mitigate risks.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Enabled Functionalization of Inert C(Sp3)−H Bonds via Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT) Processes
Authors: Lu Fengfei , Su Fen , Pan Shijie , Wu Xiuli , Wu Xingxing , Chi Yonggui Robin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeveloping methods to directly transform C(sp3) −H bonds is crucial in synthetic chemistry due to their prevalence in various organic compounds. While conventional protocols have largely relied on transition metal catalysis, recent advancements in organocatalysis, particularly with radical NHC catalysis have sparked interest in the direct functionalization of “inert” C(sp3) −H bonds for cross C−C coupling with carbonyl moieties. This strategy involves selective cleavage of C(sp3) −H bonds to generate key carbon radicals, often achieved via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) processes. By leveraging the bond dissociation energy (BDE) and polarity effects, HAT enables the rapid functionalization of diverse C(sp3)−H substrates, such as ethers, amines, and alkanes. This mini‐review summarizes the progress in carbene organocatalytic functionalization of inert C(sp3)−H bonds enabled by HAT processes, categorizing them into two sections: 1) C−H functionalization involving acyl azolium intermediates; and 2) functionalization of C−H bonds via reductive Breslow intermediates.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cu@Hal, an Effective Heterogeneous Catalyst for Aqueous Multicomponent Azide‐Alkyne [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Diehl Brooke N. , Hamdi Jumanah , Do Janelle , Cruz Loandi , Spengeman Marisa , Fronczek Frank R. , Trudell Mark L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of a nanocomposite material consisting of Cu nanoparticles encapsulated in halloysite nanotubes (Cu@Hal) was achieved by the reduction of Cu(NO3)2 ⋅ 3H2O with sodium ascorbate/sodium borohydride in an aqueous suspension of trisodium citrate and halloysite. The nanocomposite was found to be an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the multicomponent copper catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC). A variety of terminal alkynes reacted with benzyl halides and sodium azide in the presence of Cu@Hal in water. In situ formation of the organic azides afforded the corresponding 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles regioselectivily, in excellent yields. The catalyst was easily recovered and recycled without loss of activity with low metal leaching.
Encapsulating Nickel‐Iron Alloy Nanoparticles in a Polysilazane‐Derived Microporous Si−C−O−N‐Based Support to Stimulate Superior OER Activity
Authors: Miled Marwan Ben , Fradin Marina , Benbakoura Nora , Mazière Laetitia , Rousseau Julie , Bouzid Assil , Carles Pierre , Iwamoto Yuji , Masson Olivier , Habrioux Aurélien , Bernard Samuel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe in situ confinement of nickel (Ni)‐iron (Fe) nanoparticles (NPs) in a polymer‐derived microporous silicon carboxynitride (Si−C−O−N)‐based support is investigated to stimulate superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity in an alkaline media. Firstly, we consider a commercial polysilazane (PSZ) and Ni and Fe chlorides to be mixed in N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) and deliver after overnight solvent reflux a series of Ni−Fe : organosilicon coordination polymers. The latter are then heat‐treated at 500 °C in flowing argon to form the title compounds. By considering a Ni : Fe ratio of 1.5, face centred cubic (fcc) NixFey alloy NPs with a size of 15–30 nm are in situ generated in a porous Si−C−O−N‐based matrix displaying a specific surface area (SSA) as high as 237 m2 ⋅ g−1. Hence, encapsulated NPs are rendered accessible to promote electrocatalytic water oxidation. An OER overpotential as low as 315 mV at 10 mA ⋅ cm−2 is measured. This high catalytic performance (considering that the metal mass loading is as low as 0.24 mg cm−2) is rather stable as observed after an activation step; thus, validating our synthesis approach. This is clearly attributed to both the strong NP‐matrix interaction and the confinement effect of the matrix as highlighted through post mortem microscopy observations.
Polybenzimidazole‐Reinforced Terphenylene Anion Exchange Water Electrolysis Membranes
Authors: Gentile Rossana , Zignani Sabrina C. , Zatoń Marta , Dupont Marc , Lecœur Frédéric , Donzel Nicolas , Amel Alina , Tal‐Gutelmacher Ervin , Salanitro Angela , Aricó Antonino S. , Cavaliere Sara , Jones Deborah J. , Rozière Jacques 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) for hydrogen production combines the advantages of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis and alkaline water electrolysis. Several strategies have been adopted to improve the performance of AEMWE and to obtain membranes with high hydroxide ion conductivity, low gas permeation, and high durability. In this work AEMs reinforced with poly[2,2’‐(p‐oxydiphenylene)‐5,5’‐benzimidazole] (PBIO) polymer fibres have been developed. A fibre web of PBIO prepared by electrospinning was impregnated into the poly(terphenylene) mTPN ionomer. The membranes are strengthened by the formation of a strong surface interaction between the reinforcement and the ionomer and by the expansion of the reinforcement over the membrane thickness. The hydroxide ion conductivity, thermal stability, dimensional swelling, mechanical properties, and hydrogen crossover of the reinforced membranes were compared with the characteristics of the non‐reinforced counterpart. The incorporation of PBIO nanofibre reinforcement into the membrane reduced hydrogen crossover and improved tensile properties, without affecting hydroxide conductivity. PBIO‐reinforced mTPN membrane was assessed in a PGM‐free 5 cm2 AEMWE single cell using NiFe oxide anode and NiMo cathode catalysts, at a cell temperature of 50 °C and with 1 M KOH fed to the anode. The performance of the cell increased continuously over the 260 hours test period, reaching 2.06 V at 1.0 A cm−2.
Inhibiting the cGAS‐STING pathway in myeloid cells effectively improves myocardial healing related to TET2 deficiency‐induced DNA damage response
Authors: Dou Yaling , Zhang Yan , Rivera Logan , Hong Tingting , Fang Shaohai , Tran Thuy Tien , Zhou Yubin , Martin James F. , Huang Yun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundMyeloid cells play critical roles in the regulation of myocardial injury and repair. Clonal hematopoiesis (CH)‐related mutations in genes, such as Ten‐eleven Translocation 2 (TET2), can impair myeloid cells and are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). How Tet2 loss‐of‐function (LOF) impacts myeloid cells and disrupts normal myocardial repair remains unclear.MethodsWe established ischemia‐induced myocardial infarction (MI) in a myeloid‐specific Tet2‐deficient mouse model. The echocardiographic assessment was conducted to evaluate the cardiac function. Histological analysis was performed to evaluate morphological changes in infarcted areas and fibrosis. To monitor the dynamic changes of myeloid cells in cardiac tissues during cardiac remodeling after MI, we performed longitudinal analysis on subsets of myeloid cells using flow cytometry. We performed immunofluorescence (IF) staining to examine the DNA damage and genome instability caused by Tet2 LOF. Gene expression was assessed by real‐time qRT‐PCR. Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) pathway activation was assessed using various methods, including Western blotting, flow cytometry, ELISA and IF staining of key signaling proteins involved in this pathway. Additionally, H‐151 was used as a pharmacological tool to antagonize augmented STING activation in the murine MI model.ResultsWe observed a substantial increase of neutrophils in the post‐MI mice, which contributes to adverse outcomes during heart repair. Mechanistically, Tet2‐deficient myeloid cells exhibited increased genome instability, accompanied with augmented activation of the STING pathway. Furthermore, the use of H‐151 a covalent STING binder that targets the cysteine residue at position 91 and functions as a potent STING antagonist, led to a substantial decrease in neutrophil populations in Tet2‐deficient mice following myocardial infarction, thereby reversing adverse cardiac outcomes.ConclusionOur novel findings establish the rationale for targeting the cGAS‐STING pathway as a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate cardiovascular disease risk in individuals with clonal hematopoiesis harboring TET2 loss‐of‐function mutations.Highlights
Myeloid‐specific Tet2 depletion promotes neutrophil expansion upon myocardium infarction (MI);
Tet2‐deficient myeloid cells exhibit increased genome instability and cGAS‐STING overactivation;
STING antagonist H‐151 treatment reduces neutrophil expansion in Tet2‐deficient mice after MI and mitigates deleterious cardiac outcomes.
TOMM40 and APOC1 variants differentiate the impacts of the APOE ε4 allele on Alzheimer's disease risk across sexes, ages, and ancestries
Authors: Kulminski Alexander M. , Jain‐Washburn Ethan , Philipp Ian , Loika Yury , Loiko Elena , Culminskaya Irina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe variability in apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4‐attributed susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (AD) across ancestries, sexes, and ages may stem from the modulating effects of other genetic variants.METHODSWe examined associations of compound genotypes (CompGs) comprising the ε4‐encoding rs429358, TOMM40 rs2075650, and APOC1 rs12721046 polymorphisms with AD in White (7181/16,356 AD‐affected/unaffected), Hispanic/Latino (2305/2921), and Black American (547/1753) participants across sexes and ages.RESULTSThe absence and presence of the rs2075650 and/or rs12721046 minor alleles in the ε4‐bearing CompGs define lower‐ and higher‐AD‐risk profiles, respectively, in White participants. They differentially impact AD risks in men and women of different ancestries, exhibiting an increasing, decreasing, flat, and nonlinear—with lower risks at ages younger than 65/70 years and older than 85 years compared to the ages in between—patterns across ages.DISCUSSIONThe ε4‐bearing CompGs have a potential to differentiate biological mechanisms of sex‐, age‐, and ancestry‐specific AD risks and serve as AD biomarkers.Highlights
Younger White women carrying the lower‐risk (LR) CompG are at small risk of AD.
Black carriers of the LR CompG are at negligible risk of AD at 85 years and older.
The higher‐risk (HR) CompGs confer high AD risk in Whites and Blacks at 70 to 85 years.
AD risk decreases with age for Hispanic/Lation women carrying the HR CompGs.
Hispanic/Lation carriers of the LR CompG but not HR CompGs have higher AD risk than Blacks.
Early‐phase amyloid PET reproduces metabolic signatures of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Aye William W. T. , Stark Megan R. , Horne Kyla‐Louise , Livingston Leslie , Grenfell Sophie , Myall Daniel J. , Pitcher Toni L. , Almuqbel Mustafa M. , Keenan Ross J. , Meissner Wassilios G. , Dalrymple‐Alford John C. , Anderson Tim J. , Heron Campbell Le , Melzer Tracy R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONRecent work suggests that amyloid beta (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) tracer uptake shortly after injection (“early phase”) reflects brain metabolism and perfusion. We assessed this modality in a predominantly amyloid‐negative neurodegenerative condition, Parkinson's disease (PD), and hypothesized that early‐phase 18F‐florbetaben (eFBB) uptake would reproduce characteristic hypometabolism and hypoperfusion patterns associated with cognitive decline in PD.METHODSOne hundred fifteen PD patients across the spectrum of cognitive impairment underwent dual‐phase Aβ PET, structural and arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neuropsychological assessments. Multiple linear regression models compared eFBB uptake to cognitive performance and ASL MRI perfusion.RESULTSReduced eFBB uptake was associated with cognitive performance in brain regions previously linked to hypometabolism‐associated cognitive decline in PD, independent of amyloid status. Furthermore, eFBB uptake correlated with cerebral perfusion across widespread regions.DISCUSSIONEFBB uptake is a potential surrogate measure for cerebral perfusion/metabolism. A dual‐phase PET imaging approach may serve as a clinical tool for assessing cognitive impairment.Highlights
Images taken at amyloid beta (Aβ) positron emission tomography tracer injection may reflect brain perfusion and metabolism.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a predominantly amyloid‐negative condition.
Early‐phase florbetaben (eFBB) in PD was associated with cognitive performance.
eFBB uptake reflects hypometabolism‐related cognitive decline in PD.
eFBB correlated with arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging measured cerebral perfusion.
eFBB distinguished dementia from normal cognition and mild cognitive impairment.
Findings were independent of late‐phase Aβ burden.
Thus, eFBB may serve as a surrogate measure for brain metabolism/perfusion.
Assessing leaf physiological traits in response to flooding among dominant riparian herbs along the Three Gorges Dam in China
Authors: Liu Xiaolin , Arif Muhammad , Zheng Jie , Wu Yuanyuan , Chen Yangyi , Gao Jie , Liu Junchen , Changxiao Li 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDams worldwide have significantly altered the composition of riparian forests. However, research on the functional traits of dominant herbs experiencing flooding stress due to dam impoundment remains limited. Given the high plasticity of leaf traits and their susceptibility to environmental influences, this study focuses on riparian herbs along the Three Gorges Hydro‐Fluctuation Zone (TGHFZ). Specifically, it investigates how six leaf physiological traits of leading herbs—carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and their stoichiometric ratios—adapt to periodic flooding in the TGHFZ using cluster analysis, one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), multiple comparisons, Pearson correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA). We categorized 25 dominant herb species into three plant functional types (PFTs), noting that species from the same family tended to fall into the same PFT. Notably, leaf carbon content (LCC) exhibited no significant differences across various PFTs or altitudes. Within riparian forests, different PFTs employ distinct adaptation strategies: PFT‐I herbs invest in structural components to enhance stress resistance; PFT‐II, mostly comprising gramineous plants, responds to prolonged flooding by rapid growth above the water; and PFT‐III, encompassing nearly all Compositae and annual plants, responds to prolonged flooding with vigorous rhizome growth and seed production. Soil water content (SWC) emerges as the primary environmental factor influencing dominant herb growth in the TGHFZ. By studying the response of leaf physiological traits in dominant plants to artificial flooding, we intend to reveal the survival mechanisms of plants under adverse conditions and lay the foundation for vegetation restoration in the TGHFZ.
Distribution model and prediction of the tree fern Alsophila costularis Baker (Cyatheaceae) in China
Authors: Wang Zhen , Li Ning , Xu Ruixiang , Ying Zhanming , Ruan Xiaoxian , Wang Ting , Liao Wenbo , Su Yingjuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClimatic change is a challenge for plant conservation due to plants' limited dispersal abilities. The survival and sustainable development of plants directly depend on the availability of suitable habitats. In this study, we employed an optimized MaxEnt model to evaluate the relative contribution of each environmental variable and predict the suitable habitat for Alsophila costularis under past, current, and future periods, which is an endangered relict tree fern known as a living fossil. For the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and Mid‐Holocene scenarios, we adopted two atmosphere–ocean general circulation models: CCSM4 and MIROC‐ESM. The BCC‐CSM2‐MR model was used for future projections. The results revealed that temperature annual range (Bio7) contributed most to the model construction with an optimal range of 13.74–22.44°C. Species distribution modeling showed that current suitable areas were mainly located in most areas of Yunnan, most areas of Hainan, most areas of Taiwan, southeastern Tibet, southwestern Guizhou, western Guangxi, southern Sichuan, and southern Guangdong, with an area of 35.90 × 104 km2. The suitable habitat area expanded northward in Yunnan from the Last Interglacial to the LGM under the CCSM4 model, while a significant contraction toward southwestern Yunnan was found under the MIROC‐ESM model. Furthermore, the potential distributions during the Mid‐Holocene were more widespread in Yunnan compared to those under current period. It is predicted that in the future, the range will significantly expand to northern Yunnan and western Guizhou. Almost all centroids of suitable habitats were distributed in southeastern Yunnan under different periods. The stable areas were located in southwestern Yunnan in all scenarios. The simulation results could provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of reasonable conservation and management measures to mitigate the effects of future climate change for A. costularis.
Trapped between food, heat, and insects: Movement of moose (Alces alces) and exposure to flies in the boreal forest of Alaska
Authors: Benedict Bridgett M. , Thompson Daniel P. , Crouse John A. , Hamer Gabriel L. , Barboza Perry S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMoose (Alces alces) in the boreal forest habitats of Alaska are unlike other northern ungulates because they tolerate high densities of flies (Diptera) even though flies cause wounds and infections during the warm summer months. Moose move to find food and to find relief from overheating (hyperthermia) but do they avoid flies? We used GPS collars to measure the rate of movement (m⋅h−1) and the time spent (min⋅day−1) by enclosed moose in four habitats: wetlands, black spruce, early seral boreal forest, and late seral boreal forest. Fly traps were used in each habitat to quantify spatio‐temporal abundance. Average daily air temperatures increased into July when peak biomass of forage for moose was greatest in early seral boreal forest habitats (424.46 vs. 25.15 kg⋅ha−1 on average in the other habitats). Average daily air temperatures were 1.7°C cooler in black spruce than other habitats, but fly abundance was greatest in black spruce (approximately 4‐fold greater on average than the other habitats). Moose increased their movement rate with counts of biting flies (mosquitoes, black flies, horse and deer flies), but not non‐biting flies (coprophagous flies). However, as air temperature increased (above 14.7°C) moose spent more time in fly‐abundant black spruce, than early seral boreal forest, showing great tolerance for mosquitoes. Warm summer temperatures appear to cause moose to trade‐off foraging in fly‐sparse habitats for resting and dissipating heat in shady, wet habitats with abundant flies that adversely affect the fitness of moose.