bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avaliação do consumo e custo de produtos de higiene bucal para população de um município no Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Souza Leilane Micaela Medeiros de , Nóbrega Lorena Marques da , Barbosa Kevan Guilherme Nóbrega , Carneiro Francineide Guimarães , Bento Patrícia Meira , D´Avila Sérgio 
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre o custo e o consumo de produtos de higiene bucal para população de um município do Nordeste do Brasil. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado em duas fases: na primeira com uma entrevista sobre os hábitos de higiene bucal e a partir dos resultados obtidos foi realizada uma consulta de preços dos produtos nos estabelecimentos comerciais. A seleção da amostra (n = 422) foi realizada por conglomerados. Os dados foram avaliados por analises estatísticas descritiva e analítica. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes foi do sexo feminino (55%), faixa etária de 18-30 anos (59,7%), renda média familiar de 3-5 salários mínimos (34,3%). Em relação aos produtos que utilizam para realizar higienebucal, (36,7%) relataram a utilização e a associação de escova dental, dentifrício, e fio dental. As variáveis idade, nível de escolaridade e renda apresentaram associação positiva e estatisticamente significativa com avariável produtos de higiene bucal. Conclusão: O uso de produtos de higiene bucal apresenta uma associação significativa com a idade, anos de estudo e renda familiar média. Os custos dos produtos podem servir como uma barreira de acesso ao consumo e a uso pela população.Descritores: Higiene dentária. Dispositivos para o cuidado bucal domiciliar. Custos e análise de custo.
Responsabilidade civil do cirurgião-dentista: conhecimento dos profissionais
Authors: Terada Andrea Sayuri Silveira Dias , Galo Rodrigo , Silva Ricardo Henrique Alves da 
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Analisar o conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas sobre a importância da responsabilidade civil e os meios de proteção. Materiais e Métodos: Cem profissionais foram aleatoriamente sorteados da lista dos profissionais regularmente inscritos no município de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, convidados a responder um questionário, os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que todos os profissionais consideram importante o conhecimento sobre a responsabilidade civil no exercícioda profissão, 94% já ouviram falar sobre responsabilidade civil, sendo a maior parte em cursos ou na faculdade. Em relação ao tipo de obrigação assumida pelo profissional, 28% acreditam que o cirurgião-dentista deve garantir resultados, 28% que não deve garantir resultados e 44% responderam que a garantia de resultados depende da área de atuação. Sobre o aumento do número de processos em âmbito civil contra cirurgiõesdentistas, 79% têm conhecimento desse fato e 57% conhecem algum caso em que houve a instauração do processo. Essa realidade faz com que 41% dos profissionais não se sinta seguro em exercer a Odontologia, e na busca por meios de proteção, 72% conhecem o seguro de responsabilidade civil, 45% possuem esse seguroe 82% se sente ou sentiria seguro com a contratação desse tipo de serviço. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os profissionais possuem conhecimento sobre a importância da responsabilidade civil e dos meios de proteção para o exercício profissional.Descritores: Odontologia legal. Responsabilidade civil. Conhecimento.
Value of Complete Full‐length Lower Extremity Sonography in Patients Undergoing Computed Tomographic Pulmonary Angiography
Authors: Sivananthan Gajan , Halin Neil J. , Estes James M. , Alessi-Chinetti Jean M. , Polak Joseph F. 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic yield of complete lower extremity venous sonography for diagnosing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing computed tomographic (CT) pulmonary angiography for suspected pulmonary embolism (PE).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all cases of lower extremity venous sonography and CT pulmonary angiography performed within 1 day of each other (n = 147) in a tertiary care center. Indications for the studies performed, angiographic findings, sonographic findings, age, sex, inpatient/outpatient status, lower extremity symptoms, and treatment status were recorded. Prevalence rates and patient characteristics were compared by χ2 and Fisher exact probability tests where appropriate. Multivariable logistic regression with acute PE as the outcome was performed for age, sex, interval between angiography and sonography, indication for angiography, inpatient/outpatient status, and venous sonographic findings.ResultsThe prevalence of PE (23.8%) was similar to the prevalence of DVT (27.9%). Angiographic findings were not associated with the interval between angiography and sonography or inpatient/outpatient status. Acute DVT was more likely (P = .0009) when angiographic findings were positive (51.4%), but DVT prevalence was still substantial (20.5%) in patients with negative angiographic findings. Lower extremity symptoms were not associated with DVT in cases with negative angiographic findings (P = .48). Eighteen of the 23 patients with acute DVT and negative angiographic findings were treated.ConclusionsThere is a high rate of DVT in a population undergoing CT pulmonary angiography for suspected PE even when PE is not diagnosed. Our data apply to a tertiary care institution, suggest a surveillance bias, and favor the utility of venous sonography in this population.
Can We Predict Poor Hemodynamic Tolerance of Intermittent Hemodialysis With Echocardiography in Intensive Care Patients?
Authors: Chimot Loïc , Gacouin Arnaud , Nardi Nicolas , Gros Antoine , Mascle Sophie , Marqué Sophie , Camus Christophe , Le Tulzo Yves 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesTolerance of intermittent hemodialysis is potentially poor for patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit, particularly those in shock. The aim of this study was to determine whether an evaluation of the hemodynamic state by echocardiography before an intermittent hemodialysis session could predict tolerance during the session.MethodsBefore an intermittent hemodialysis session, transesophageal echocardiography was performed on sedated patients, and transthoracic echocardiography was performed on nonsedated patients. Poor tolerance during intermittent hemodialysis was defined by the following criteria: greater than 20% decrease in mean arterial pressure, need for fluid loading (≥500 mL), a 15% increase in catecholamine if the dose was stable before the session or doubling the speed of catecholamine infusion if necessary, arrhythmia, and the necessity to stop the session before its prescribed end.ResultsA total of 54 patients were included: 20 (37%) were intubated under controlled mechanical ventilation (group 1) and underwent transesophageal echocardiography; 14 (26%) were intubated under pressure support ventilation (group 2) and underwent transthoracic echocardiography; and 20 (37%) had no ventilation support (group 3). Twenty‐four patients (46%) had poor tolerance criteria. A comparison of groups showed no significant difference in tolerance. Similarly, there was no difference with and without ultrafiltration. Increased respiratory variation of the vena cava was not predictive of poor tolerance in groups 1 and 2. In group 3, there was greater variation in patients with poor tolerance. In patients receiving mechanical ventilation, greater respiratory variability of the maximum velocity measured in the pulmonary artery was predictive of poor tolerance.ConclusionsThe hemodynamic profile of patients receiving mechanical ventilation was unable to predict tolerance of an intermittent hemodialysis session. In patients without mechanical ventilation, hypovolemia before the session appeared to be predictive of poor tolerance.
Usefulness of Fetal Urine Production Measurement for Prediction of Perinatal Outcomes in Uteroplacental Insufficiency
Authors: Lee Seung Mi , Jun Jong Kwan , Kim Su Ah , Lee Eun Ja , Kim Byoung Jae , Park Chan-Wook , Park Joong Shin 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesTo evaluate whether fetal urine production measurement is useful for predicting adverse outcomes in patients with uteroplacental insufficiency.MethodsWe enrolled patients with uteroplacental insufficiency at 24 to 40 weeks' gestation and normal pregnancies matched for gestational age and divided them into 3 groups according to perinatal outcomes: group 1 (n = 141), a control group of normal pregnancies; group 2 (n = 29), uteroplacental insufficiency without adverse outcomes; and group 3 (n = 18), uteroplacental insufficiency with adverse outcomes. An adverse outcome was defined as 1 or more of the following: (1) cesarean delivery because of fetal distress; (2) admission to the neonatal intensive care unit; (3) cord arterial pH less than 7.15 at birth; and (4) low 5‐minute Apgar score (<7). The fetal urine production rate was obtained by serial bladder volume measurement using virtual organ computer‐aided analysis. For bladder volume determination, we scanned the bladder in the 3‐dimensional mode and defined the bladder surface contour in the reference plane, repeating the rotation of the reference plane with an angle of 30° and determining the surface contour on each plane. Statistical methods, including the Mann‐Whitney U test, Fisher exact test, χ2 test, and Kruskal‐Wallis analysis of variance, were used.ResultsGroup 3 had a lower mean fetal urine production rate than groups 1 and 2, whereas the urine production rate was not different between groups 1 and 2 (group 1, 49.0 mL/h; group 2, 59.4 mL/h; group 3, 20.7 mL/h; P < .001 between groups 1 and 3 and between groups 2 and 3). This difference between groups 2 and 3 remained significant after adjusting for the amniotic fluid index, umbilical artery Doppler pulsatility index, and presence of fetal growth restriction.ConclusionsUteroplacental insufficiency cases with adverse perinatal outcomes had a lower fetal urine production rate than those without adverse outcomes. This difference might be used to predict adverse perinatal outcomes in uteroplacental insufficiency.
Association Between Sonographic Cervical Appearance and Preterm Delivery After a History‐Indicated Cerclage
Authors: Miller Emily S. , Gerber Susan E. 
Published: November 2014

ObjectivesTo determine which transvaginal cervical sonographic characteristics are associated with preterm delivery after placement of a history‐indicated cerclage.MethodsWe conducted a case‐control study of all women with a singleton gestation and a history‐indicated cerclage placed at a single center between January 1, 2008, and October 1, 2012. Cerclages were placed between 12 and 16 weeks' gestation. Cases were defined as women who delivered before 34 weeks' gestation; controls delivered at or after 34 weeks. Transvaginal cervical characteristics, such as cervical funneling, proximal cervical length, distal cervical length, and total cervical length, obtained between 18 and 24 weeks were compared between the two groups. Bivariable, multivariable, and log rank analyses were performed.ResultsA total of 124 women met inclusion criteria, with 17 (14%) delivering before 34 weeks. Cervical funneling, a proximal cervical length of less than 1.5 cm, and a total cervical length of less than 2.5 cm were associated with an increased odds of preterm birth before 34 weeks in the bivariable analysis [odds ratio (OR), 10.9 (95% confidence interval (CI), 2.3–62.8), 2.9 (95% CI, 1.0–8.5), and 4.5 (95% CI, 1.3–16.4), respectively], whereas distal cervical length of less than 1 cm was not significantly associated with delivery before 34 weeks [OR, 3.0 (95% CI, 0.8–11.1)]. In multivariable analysis, only cervical funneling remained associated with preterm delivery before 34 weeks [adjusted OR, 10.6 (95% CI, 2.2–51.5)].ConclusionsIn women with a history‐indicated cerclage, cervical funneling is the only independently significant sonographic finding associated with an increased risk of preterm birth before 34 weeks.
Venus: Interpreting the spatial distribution of volcanically modified craters
Authors: O'Rourke Joseph G. , Wolf Aaron S. , Ehlmann Bethany L. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTo understand the impact cratering record on Venus, we investigate two distinct resurfacing styles: localized, thin flows and large shield volcanoes. We statistically analyze the size‐frequency distribution of volcanically modified craters and, using Monte Carlo simulations, their spatial distribution. Lava flows partially fill most craters, darkening their floors in radar images. We find that a model featuring localized, thin flows occurring throughout geologic time predicts their observed distribution. Individual flows may be morphologically indistinguishable, but, combined, they cover large provinces. Recent mantle plumes may drive a small amount of hot spot magmatism that produces the observed clusters of large shield volcanoes and obviously embayed craters. Ultimately, our analysis demonstrates that two styles of volcanism are needed to explain the observed properties of impact craters and that catastrophic resurfacing is not required.
Characterization of the energy‐dependent response of riometer absorption
Authors: Kellerman A. C. , Shprits Y. Y. , Makarevich R. A. , Spanswick E. , Donovan E. , Reeves G. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractGround‐based riometers provide an inexpensive means to continuously remote sense the precipitation of electrons in the dynamic auroral region of Earth's ionosphere. The energy‐dependent relationship between riometer absorption and precipitating electrons is thus of great importance for understanding the loss of electrons from the Earth's magnetosphere. In this study, statistical and event‐based analyses are applied to determine the energy of electrons to which riometers chiefly respond. Time‐lagged correlation analysis of trapped to precipitating fluxes shows that daily averaged absorption best correlates with ∼60 keV trapped electron flux at zero‐time lag, although large variability is observed across different phases of the solar cycle. High‐time resolution statistical cross‐correlation analysis between signatures observed by riometer stations, and assuming electron motion due to gradient and curvature drift, results in inferred energies of 10–100 keV, with a clear maximum in occurrence for 40–60 keV electrons. One event is considered in detail utilizing riometer absorption signatures obtained from several stations. The mean inferred energies for the initial rise time and peak of the absorption after correction for electric field effects were ∼70 keV and ∼60 keV, respectively. The analyses presented provide a means to characterize the energy of electrons to which riometers are responding in both a statistical sense and during the evolution of individual events.
Multiple scattering from icequakes at Erebus volcano, Antarctica: Implications for imaging at glaciated volcanoes
Authors: Chaput J. , Campillo M. , Aster R. C. , Roux P. , Kyle P. R. , Knox H. , Czoski P. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe examine seismic coda from an unusually dense deployment of over 100 short‐period and broadband seismographs in the summit region of Mount Erebus volcano on a network with an aperture of approximately 5 km. We investigate the energy‐partitioning properties of the seismic wavefield generated by thousands of small icequake sources originating on the upper volcano and use them to estimate Green's functions via coda cross correlation. Emergent coda seismograms suggest that this locale should be particularly amenable to such methods. Using a small aperture subarray, we find that modal energy partition between S and P wave energy between ∼1 and 4 Hz occurs in just a few seconds after event onset and persists for tens of seconds. Spatially averaged correlograms display clear body and surface waves that span the full aperture of the array. We test for stable bidirectional Green's function recovery and note that good symmetry can be achieved at this site even with a geographically skewed distribution of sources. We estimate scattering and absorption mean free path lengths and find a power law decrease in mean free path between 1.5 and 3.3 Hz that suggests a quasi‐Rayleigh or Rayleigh‐Gans scattering situation. Finally, we demonstrate the existence of coherent backscattering (weak localization) for this coda wavefield. The remarkable properties of scattered seismic wavefields in the vicinity of active volcanoes suggests that the abundant small icequake sources may be used for illumination where temporal monitoring of such dynamic structures is concerned.
Diurnal variations of tropical cyclone precipitation in the inner and outer rainbands
Authors: Wu Qiaoyan , Ruan Zhenxin , Chen Dake , Lian Tao 
Published: November 2014

AbstractUsing 15 years (1998–2012) of satellite‐measured precipitation data and tropical cyclone (TC) information, this study estimates the diurnal variations of TC precipitation in its inner core and outer rainbands. It is found that for both weak (tropical storms to category 1 TCs) and strong (categories 2–5 TCs) storms over all six TC basins, the TC precipitation reaches its daily maximum in the morning, but the mean rain rate and diurnal variations are larger in the inner core than in the outer rainbands. With increasing radial distance from the TC center, the diurnal amplitude of precipitation decreases, and the peak time appears progressively later. The outward propagation of diurnal signals from the TC center dominates as an internal structure of the TC convective systems. For all basins examined, the diurnal precipitation maximum within the inner core of a strong storm occurs earlier than the maximum observed in non‐TC precipitation; the same result is not found for the outer rainbands. In the North Atlantic, the diurnal variations of TC precipitation in weak storms are much weaker than those in other basins, and the TC precipitation in strong storms shows a semidiurnal cycle in the inner core while exhibiting a clear diurnal cycle with a peak around noon in the outer rainbands.
Nanoporous membranes generated from self‐assembled block polymer precursors: Quo Vadis?
Authors: Zhang Yizhou , Sargent Jessica L. , Boudouris Bryan W. , Phillip William A. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTNanoporous membranes based on self‐assembled block polymer precursors are an emerging class of promising separation, purification, and sensing devices due to the ability of researchers to control the nanostructure and chemistry of these multifunctional materials and devices. In fact, modern polymer chemistry provides techniques for the facile, controlled synthesis of the block polymers that constitute these devices. These designer macromolecules, in turn, can then self‐assemble into functional nanostructures depending upon the chemical identity of the synthesized block polymers and the thin film fabrication methods employed. After fabrication, these nanoporous membranes offer a highly tunable platform for applications that require high throughput, high surface area, homogeneous pore size, and varying material properties. And, with these readily tunable chemical and structural properties, block polymer membranes will allow for significant improvements in myriad applications. In this Review, we summarize the key advances, with a specific emphasis on the previous 5 years of work, that have allowed block polymer‐based membranes to reach their current level of technology. Furthermore, we project how these state‐of‐art, self‐assembled block polymer membrane technologies can be utilized in present‐day and future application arenas. In this way, we aim to demonstrate that the rigorous work performed on block polymer‐based membranes has laid a strong foundation that will allow these macromolecular systems to: (1) be major avenues of fundamental scientific research and (2) be parlayed into transferable technologies for the betterment of society in the imminent future. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41683.
Derivative emission spectrofluorimetry: Application to the analysis of newly approved FDA combination of ibuprofen and famotidine in tablets
Authors: Ragab Marwa A. A. , EL‐Kimary Eman I. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA new combination of ibuprofen (NSAID) and famotidine (H2 receptor antagonist) was recently approved by the FDA. It was formulated to relief pain while decreasing the risk of ulceration, which is a common problem for patients receiving NSAID. A rapid and simple derivative emission spectrofluorimetric method is proposed for the simultaneous analysis of this combination in their pharmaceutical preparation. The method is based upon measurement of the native fluorescence intensity of the two drugs at λex = 233 nm in acetonitrile. The emission data were differentiated using the first (D1) derivative technique. The plots of derivative fluorescence intensity versus concentration were rectilinear over a range of 2–35 and 0.4–8 µg/mL for both ibuprofen (IBU) and famotidine (FAM), respectively. The method was sensitive as the limits of detection were 0.51 and 0.12 µg/mL and limits of quantitation were 1.70 and 0.39 µg/mL, for IBU and FAM respectively. The proposed derivative emission spectrofluorimetric method was successfully applied for the determination of the two drugs in their synthetic mixtures and tablets with good accuracy and precision. The proposed method was validated as per ICH guidelines. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A versatile coupled cell‐free transcription–translation system based on tobacco BY‐2 cell lysates
Authors: Buntru Matthias , Vogel Simon , Stoff Katrin , Spiegel Holger , Schillberg Stefan 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTCell‐free protein synthesis is a powerful method for the high‐throughput production of recombinant proteins, especially proteins that are difficult to express in living cells. Here we describe a coupled cell‐free transcription–translation system based on tobacco BY‐2 cell lysates (BYLs). Using a combination of fractional factorial designs and response surface models, we developed a cap‐independent system that produces more than 250 μg/mL of functional enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (eYFP) and about 270 μg/mL of firefly luciferase using plasmid templates, and up to 180 μg/mL eYFP using linear templates (PCR products) in 18 h batch reactions. The BYL contains actively‐translocating microsomal vesicles derived from the endoplasmic reticulum, promoting the formation of disulfide bonds, glycosylation and the cotranslational integration of membrane proteins. This was demonstrated by expressing a functional full‐size antibody (∼150 μg/mL), the model enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) (∼7.3 U/mL), and a transmembrane growth factor (∼25 μg/mL). Subsequent in vitro treatment of GOx with peptide‐N‐glycosidase F confirmed the presence of N‐glycans. Our results show that the BYL can be used as a high‐throughput expression and screening platform that is particularly suitable for complex and cytotoxic proteins. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 867–878. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Insect‐Specific Production of New GameXPeptides in Photorhabdus luminescens TTO1, Widespread Natural Products in Entomopathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Nollmann Friederike I. , Dauth Christina , Mulley Geraldine , Kegler Carsten , Kaiser Marcel , Waterfield Nick R. , Bode Helge B. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractDiscovery of new natural products by heterologous expression reaches its limits, especially when specific building blocks are missing in the heterologous host or the production medium. Here, we describe the insect‐specific production of the new GameXPeptides E–H (5–8) from Photorhabdus luminescens TTO1, which can be produced heterologously from expression of the GameXPeptide synthetase GxpS only upon supplementation of the production media with the missing building blocks, and thus must be regarded as the true natural products under natural conditions.