bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of lung flute in sputum samples for molecular analysis of lung cancer
Authors: Anjuman Nigar , Li Ning , Guarnera Maria , Stass Sanford A , Jiang Feng 
Published: September 2013

AbstractBackgroundMolecular analysis of sputum provides a promising approach for lung cancer diagnosis, yet is limited by the difficulty in collecting the specimens from individuals who can't spontaneously expectorate sputum. Lung Flute is a small self‐powered audio device that can induce sputum by generating sound waves and vibrating in the airways of the lungs. Here we propose to evaluate the usefulness of Lung Flute for sputum sampling to assist diagnosis of lung cancer.MethodsForty‐three stage I lung cancer patients and 47 cancer‐free individuals who couldn't spontaneously cough sputum were instructed to use Lung Flute for sputum sampling. Expressions of two microRNAs, miRs‐31 and 210, were determined in the specimens by qRT‐PCR. The results were compared with sputum cytology.ResultsSputum was easily collected from 39 of 43 (90.7%) lung cancer patients and 42 of 47 (89.4%) controls with volume ranges from 1 to 5 ml (median, 2.6 ml). The specimens had less than 4% oral squamous cells, indicating that sputum was obtained from low respiratory tract. Expressions of miRs‐31 and 210 in sputum were considerably higher in cancer patients than cancer‐free individuals (8.990 vs. 4.514; 0.6847 vs. 0.3317; all P <0.001). Combined use of the two miRNAs produced a significantly higher sensitivity (61.5% vs. 35.9%, P = 0.002) and a slightly lower specificity (90.5% vs. 95.2%, p = 0.03) compared with cytology for lung cancer diagnosis.ConclusionLung Flute could potentially be useful in convenient and efficient collection of sputum for molecular diagnosis of lung cancer.
Estimation of endogenous protein and amino acid ileal losses in weaned piglets by regression analysis using diets with graded levels of casein
Authors: Reis de Souza Tércia Cesária , Barreyro Araceli Aguilera , Mariscal-Landín Gerardo 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
Many studies have investigated endogenous loss of proteins and amino acids (AAs) at the ileal level in growing pigs. However, only a few studies have researched this subject in piglets. Knowledge regarding AA ileal digestibility in piglets would be helpful during the formulation of diets for weaning piglets, rather than just using coefficients obtained in growing pigs. Therefore, in this study, we sought to estimate endogenous protein and AA ileal losses in piglets. Furthermore, apparent and true ileal digestibility (AID and TID) of protein and AAs from casein were measured.

Results
The average flow of protein was 20.8 g/kg of dry matter intake (DMI). Basal protein loss, as estimated by regression, was 16.9 g/kg DMI. Glutamic acid, arginine, and aspartic acid (2.2, 1.4, and 1.2 g/kg DMI, respectively) were the AAs for which greater losses were seen. The AID of protein and AAs increased as the protein level in the diet increased. A higher increment in AID was observed between diets with 80 and160 g CP/kg of feed; this finding was mainly attributable to increases in glycine and arginine (46.1% and 18%, respectively). The TID of protein was 97.8, and the TID of AAs varied from 93.9 for histidine to 100.2 for phenylalanine.

Conclusions
The basal endogenous protein loss in piglets was 16.9 g/kg DMI. Endogenous protein was rich in glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and arginine, which represented 32.7% of endogenous protein loss in weaning piglets. The TID of casein was high and varied from 93.0 for histidine to 100.2 for phenylalanine.
Smart card based time efficient authentication scheme for global grid computing
Authors: Gnanaraj Jaspher Willsie Kathrine , Ezra Kirubakaran , Rajsingh Elijah Blessing 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Decentralization in every walk of life has resulted in the development of Global Grid networking. Data sharing and access depends on their availability, capability, cost and user requirements. One of the needs for a secure Grid Environment is a strong authentication for users. Since Authentication is the entry point into every network, a novel smart card based authentication scheme has been proposed. The proposed authentication scheme utilizes the biometric data embedded in a smart card along with the ID and password of the user. The Time efficient performance of the proposed scheme in comparison with the existing Secure Socket Layer based authentication scheme is discussed. The attacks which the proposed scheme is able to withstand are also discussed.
A subjective job scheduler based on a backpropagation neural network
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Anilkumar Kothalil 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThis paper aims to present and discuss the concept of a subjective job scheduler based on a Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN) and a greedy job alignment procedure. The subjective criteria of the scheduler depend on the solution plan for a given job scheduling problem. When the scheduler is provided with desired job selection criteria for the problem, it generates user satisfying solution from a set of valid jobs. The job validation procedure is based on the similarity measure of the jobs with the seen dataset of the scheduler. The seen dataset is based on the subjective criteria of the scheduler. The prioritized and valid jobs are allowed to execute concurrently on the given identical machines. The satisfying criterion of the scheduler indicates the user satisfaction of the scheduler and is based on three measures: convergence test of the BPNN, job validity test and cost evaluation. The simulations presented in this paper indicate that the proposed scheduler approach is one of the most effective strategies of structuring a subjective job scheduler.
Production of schizophyllan from distiller’s dried grains with solubles by diverse strains of Schizophyllum commune
Authors: Sutivisedsak Nongnuch , Leathers Timothy D , Price Neil PJ 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Eleven diverse strains of Schizophyllan commune were examined for production of the biopolymer schizophyllan from agricultural biomass. Strains were grown in malt extract (ME) basal medium containing 1% (w/v) distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS), an abundant coproduct of fuel ethanol production by the dry grind process. Ten of 11 strains tested produced more than 2 g schizophyllan/L. Two strains, ATCC 20165 and CBS 266.60, produced more than 10 g schizophyllan/L. Schizophyllan from these strains was similar to commercial product in terms of solution viscosity, molecular weight, and surface tension properties, suggesting that they would be equivalent in biomaterial applications.
Cerebral air embolism via port catheter and endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography
Authors: Vachalová Ivana , Ernst Stefan , Vynogradova Irina , Wöhrmann Silke , Heckmann Josef G 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
Cerebral air embolism (CAE) is a critical clinical condition necessitating rapid diagnosis and therapeutic measures.

Methods
The authors describe two patients with lethal CAE.

Results
An 81-year-old man rapidly developed coma with tetraplegia. CT-scan revealed prominent CAE whereby the entry of the air was via a port catheter for parenteral nutrition. A 45-year-old man with severe alcohol-toxic multiple organ damage needed endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) and a second esophagogastroscopy. After an epileptic seizure, the CT-scan of the brain showed small amounts of cerebral air in the posterior right hemisphere and in the sagittal superior sinus. Despite critical care the patient died.

Conclusion
CAE is a neurocritical emergency case. Early CT-scan of the brain can detect air, guide further therapy, and contribute to the assessment of the prognosis.
Isolation of RNA from equine peripheral blood cells: comparison of methods
Authors: Jiang Zibin , Uboh Cornelius E , Chen Jinwen , Soma Lawrence R 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Gene expression studies in equine research involve the use of whole blood samples as a vital source of RNA. To determine the optimal method for RNA isolation from equine whole blood, we compared three RNA isolation strategies using different commercially available kits to evaluate the yield and quality of equine RNA. All 3 methods produced RNA with high quality. Though it did not produce the highest yield, combining the quality, yield and the need for the downstream application in our project, LeukoLOCK™ total RNA isolation system was the best RNA extraction method.
GCN5 is essential for IRF-4 gene expression followed by transcriptional activation of Blimp-1 in immature B cells
Authors: Kikuchi Hidehiko , Nakayama Masami , Kuribayashi Futoshi , Imajoh-Ohmi Shinobu , Nishitoh Hideki , Takami Yasunari , Nakayama Tatsuo 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTDuring B-cell differentiation, the gene expression of B-cell differentiation–related transcription factors must be strictly controlled by epigenetic mechanisms including histone acetylation and deacetylation, to complete the differentiation pathway. GCN5, one of the most important histone acetyltransferases, is involved in epigenetic events for transcriptional regulation through alterations in the chromatin structure. In this study, by analyzing the homozygous DT40 mutants GCN5−/−, generated with gene targeting techniques, we found that GCN5 was necessary for transcriptional activation of IRF-4, an essential transcription factor for plasma cell differentiation. GCN5 deficiency caused drastic decreases in both the mRNA and the protein levels of Blimp-1 and IRF-4. The ectopic expression of Blimp-1 and IRF-4 suggests that IRF-4, but not Blimp-1, is the target gene of GCN5 in immature B cells. Moreover, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that GCN5 bound to the IRF-4 gene around its 5′-flanking region and acetylated H3K9 residues within chromatin surrounding the region in vivo, suggesting that gene expression of IRF-4 is certainly regulated by GCN5. These results reveal that GCN5 is essential for IRF-4 gene expression, followed by transcriptional activation of Blimp-1, and plays a key role in epigenetic regulation of B-cell differentiation.
The variability and interdependence of spider viscid line tensile properties
Authors: Perea Gracia Belén , Plaza Gustavo R. , Guinea Gustavo V. , Elices Manuel , Velasco Beatriz , Pérez-Rigueiro José 
Published: September 2013

Summary
True stress-true strain curves of naturally spun viscid line fibers retrieved directly from the spiral of orb-webs built by Argiope trifasciata spiders were measured using a novel methodology. This new procedure combines a method for removing the aqueous coating of the fibers and a technique that allows the accurate measurement of their cross sectional area. Comparison of the tensile behaviour of different samples indicates that naturally spun viscid lines show a large variability, comparable to that of other silks, such as major ampullate gland silk and silkworm silk. Nevertheless, application of a statistical analysis allowed identifying two independent parameters that underlie the variability and characterize the observed range of true stress-true strain curves. Combination of this result with previous mechanical and microstructural data suggested the assignment of these two independent effects to the degree of alignment of the protein chains and to the local relative humidity which, in turn, depends on the composition of the viscous coating and on the external environmental conditions.
Revised typification of the name Venidium subacaule DC. (Asteraceae: Arctotideae)
Authors: McKenzie Robert J. 
Published: September 2013

AbstractA lectotype is designated for the name Venidium subacaule DC. based on a specimen in Candolle's Prodromus Herbarium, which replaces the neotype previously designated for this name. As a result of the revised typification, V. subacaule is not now a threat to usage of the name V. hirsutum Harv. (and the combination Arctotis hirsuta (Harv.) Beauverd). In addition, an epitype is designated for the name Venidium erosum Harv., which becomes a synonym of Arctotis subacaulis (DC.) Beauverd.
Amodiaquine analogs. Synthesis and anti-leishmanial activity
Authors: S. Coimbra Elaine , D. da Silva Adilson , M. P. Dias Rafael , C. N. R. Corrales Roberta , De L. F. Bispo Marcelle , R. Kaiser Carlos , V. N. de Souza Marcus 
Published: September 2013

In this work, we report the synthesis and antileishmanial evaluation of 13 amodiaquine (AQ) derivatives (4-aminoquinoline-aryl and 4-quinolinylhydrazones series). The compounds were tested against fourÂ Leishmania species and murine macrophages. The appreciable activity of these compounds can be considered an important finding for the rational design of new leads for antileishmania compounds
Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of bis-amidrazones and bis-triazolones derivatives
Authors: Hamzaoui Salwa , Salem Adel Ben , Hsouna Anis Ben , Chaari Najla , Trigui Mohamed , Mourer Maxime , Kossentini Mohamed 
Published: September 2013

Â We present a new method for the synthesis of bis-triazolones 3, which result from the processing of novel bis-amidrazones 2 with ethyl chloroformate. The bis-amidrazones 2 are prepared by the reaction of the N1-tosylhydrazonates 1 with two equivalents of aliphatic diamine. The structures of the new products were determined through IR, 1H and 13C NMR studies as well as elemental analysis. The molecular structure of the compound 3c was also determined via an X-ray analysis. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against a panel of 09 bacterial strains using broth microdilution methods. Results showed that compounds exhibited moderate to strong antibacterial activity against the tested species.
Prediction of surface tension of alcohol + water solutions using artificial neural networks
Authors: Astray Gonzalo , Moldes Oscar A. , Montoya Iago A. , Mejuto Juan C. 
Published: September 2013

Â Different Artificial Neural Network architectures have been implemented to predict Surface Tension of aqueous solutions of methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol in range temperatures of 293.15-323.15 K. Artificial Neural Networks with four entrance variables, Critical Volume, log P, Mole Fraction and Temperature, were used. Best ANN architecture was formed by four input neurons, two middle layers (with eleven and three neurons respectively) and one output neuron. Root Mean Square Errors (RMSEs) are 0.34 mNÂ·m-1 (R2= 0.9995) for the training set and 1.31 mNÂ·m-1 (R2= 0.9955) for the validation set. Those errors correspond with a 0.62% error and 4.37% of error for training and validation set, respectively. For the full data set the Root Mean Square Error is 0.72 mNÂ·m-1 (R2= 0.9976) with a 1.56% error.
Sorption of 1â€“Naphthol on ï¢â€“Cyclodextrinâ€“Poly(ethylene Glycol) hydrogels
Authors: Sanchez Ivan , Cesteros Luis C. , Katime Issa 
Published: September 2013

Â The sorption behavior of hydrogels prepared by crosslinking ï¢â€“cyclodextrin with poly(ethylene glycol) modified with isocyanate end groups, is analyzed by using 1â€“naphthol as a model molecule. Concave sorption isotherms are observed and are well described by the Freundlich isotherm model. The sorption capacity increases as does the concentration of 1â€“naphthol in the medium and depends on the molar mass of poly(ethylene glycol) used in the synthesis of the hydrogel and on its ï¢â€“cyclodextrin content.For hydrogels with the same content of ï¢â€“cyclodextrin, the sorption capacity decreases with increasing the molar mass of poly(ethylene glycol) used in the synthesis. The higher sorption capacity has been found for the hydrogels prepared from PEG with a molar mass of 400 g/mol and with a ï¢â€“cyclodextrin content between 9â€“12 % in weight. The sorption capacity of these samples is close to that reported for other hydrogels based on ï¢â€“cyclodextrin.
Optimization of activated carbon from residues of oregano using experimental design method
Authors: Marouane Saadia , Oumam Nazha , Abourriche Abdlemjid , Bennamara Ahmed , Charrouf Mâ€™hamed 
Published: September 2013

Â A series of eight activated carbons were obtained by chemical activation of oregano marc, which is abundant waste in Morocco. The activated carbons responses (capacity of adsorption, and yield) were analyzed as a function of the experimental parameters (temperature, time and chemical agent), using the complete factorial design of 23 experiments. Each response has been described by a second order model that was adequate to predict responses in all experimental regions. The experimental values obtained were in good agreement with the values predicted from the models, with relatively small errors between the predicted and the actual values. The optimization of activated carbon, using the function of desirability, was carried out by JMP software. The optimal activated carbon is obtained when using 60 min as activation time, 350Â°C as activation temperature, and H3PO4 as chemical agent.
On ratios of Petersson norms for Yoshida lifts
Authors: Saha Abhishek 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
We prove an algebraicity property for a certain ratio of Petersson norms associated to a Siegel cusp form of degree 2 (and arbitrary level) whose adelization generates a weak endoscopic lift. As a preparation for this, we explicate various features of the correspondence between scalar valued Siegel cusp forms of degree n and automorphic representations on

GSp

2
n

${{\rm GSp}_{2n}}$

.
Derivational processes in the discourse of international relations. The case of press articles on international politics
Authors: Twardzisz, Piotr 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
In this article, two areas of scholarship have been combined, namely journalistic English and international relations. More precisely, current word-formation tendencies in press articles have been analysed against a background of events on the international arena. First, the language of Newsweek�s press articles on international affairs has been searched for derivations (affixed formations) with names of all 192 UN member states. The five most productive affixes involved are: the prefixes un- and anti- and the suffixes -ize, -(iz)ation and -ness. The results obtained demonstrate vast quantitative disproportions between particular names with these affixes. Secondly, arguments from the area of international relations have been brought in and displayed alongside the linguistic statistics. The results of the quantitative and qualitative linguistic analysis are claimed to have a strong political motivation. �Pure� linguistic findings, such as high numbers of certain derivations only, can be linked with negative attitudes toward a particular state described in the political literature. Current derivational trends in English for international relations are intrinsically related to events that unfold and situations that obtain on the international scene. In conclusion, semantic consequences of the linguistic phenomena in question are also predicted.
When should DVT be suspected in children with osteomyelitis?
Authors: Altobelli Mary G. , Quinonez Ricardo A. 
Published: September 2013

Background:There is increasing recognition that deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a complicating factor in some children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis. The similarity in signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis and DVT make clinical recognition of this complicating condition difficult. It would be helpful to the clinician to identify by other means which children with osteomyelitis are at greatest risk for DVT. We reviewed the available literature regarding osteomyelitis and DVT in children to identify potential characteristics of children with osteomyelitis that puts them at risk for concurrent DVT.Methods:We performed searches of the PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, and National Guideline Clearinghouse databases on the topic of osteomyelitis and thrombosis in children 0 to 18 years of age from 2001 to the present.Results:Four studies were included: 3 retrospective and 1 prospective. Studies varied in terms of clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters evaluated. Overall they suggest trends toward increased incidence of DVT in children who were critically ill at presentation, had positive blood cultures, were infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, had an elevated C-reactive protein, and had central venous catheters placed.Conclusions:Strong consideration should be given to evaluating children with osteomyelitis for DVT if they are critically ill at presentation, particularly if they have pulmonary findings, are persistently bacteremic, especially with methicillin-resistant S aureus.
Decreasing Patient Identification Band Errors by Standardizing Processes
Authors: Walley Susan Chu , Berger Stephanie , Harris Yolanda , Gallizzi Gina , Hayes Leslie 
Published: September 2013

Objective:
Patient identification (ID) bands are an essential component in patient ID. Quality improvement methodology has been applied as a model to reduce ID band errors although previous studies have not addressed standardization of ID bands. Our specific aim was to decrease ID band errors by 50% in a 12-month period.

Methods:
The Six Sigma DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve, and control) quality improvement model was the framework for this study. ID bands at a tertiary care pediatric hospital were audited from January 2011 to January 2012 with continued audits to June 2012 to confirm the new process was in control. After analysis, the major improvement strategy implemented was standardization of styles of ID bands and labels. Additional interventions included educational initiatives regarding the new ID band processes and disseminating institutional and nursing unit data.

Results:
A total of 4556 ID bands were audited with a preimprovement ID band error average rate of 9.2%. Significant variation in the ID band process was observed, including styles of ID bands. Interventions were focused on standardization of the ID band and labels. The ID band error rate improved to 5.2% in 9 months (95% confidence interval: 2.5–5.5; P &lt; .001) and was maintained for 8 months.

Conclusions:
Standardization of ID bands and labels in conjunction with other interventions resulted in a statistical decrease in ID band error rates. This decrease in ID band error rates was maintained over the subsequent 8 months.
QTL Analysis of Shoot Ureide and Nitrogen Concentrations in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]
Authors: Hwang Sadal , King C. Andy , Davies Marilynn K. , Ray Jeffery D. , Cregan Perry B. , Purcell Larry C. 
Published: September 2013

ABSTRACTNitrogen (N) fixation in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is more sensitive to drought than photosynthesis, and high concentrations of shoot ureide and N are associated with sensitivity of N2 fixation to drought. Genotypic differences in ureide and N concentration were evaluated using a mapping population of 97 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between ‘KS4895’ and ‘Jackson’. For three irrigated environments, broad‐sense heritability for ureide and N concentration was 0.73 and 0.59, respectively. Under irrigated conditions, five quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for ureide concentration were identified using composite interval mapping (CIM). Multiple interval mapping (MIM) identified two QTLs with locations similar to those identified with CIM. Four QTLs for N concentration were detected using CIM, and one QTL was identified with MIM with a similar position as that identified with CIM. A QTL on Gm13 for shoot ureide and N appeared to be pleiotropic. In the drought environment, two QTLs were identified using CIM for both shoot ureide and N; a QTL for ureide concentration on Gm19 mapped to the same position as a ureide QTL under irrigated conditions, but the additive effect was opposite in sign. A search for metabolic genes in QTL regions predicted for the pleiotropic effect of N and ureide (Gm13, carbonic anhydrase) and for ureide (Gm19, inosine–uridine nucleoside hydrolase). These QTLs may be useful in selecting lines drought tolerant for N2 fixation.