bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colorectal cancer prognosis based on dietary pattern using synthetic minority oversampling technique with K-nearest neighbors approach
Authors: Prasath S. Thanga , Navaneethan C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGenerally, a person’s life span depends on their food consumption because it may cause deadly diseases like colorectal cancer (CRC). In 2020, colorectal cancer accounted for one million fatalities globally, representing 10% of all cancer casualties. 76,679 males and 78,213 females over the age of 59 from ten states in the United States participated in this analysis. During follow-up, 1378 men and 981 women were diagnosed with colon cancer. This prospective cohort study used 231 food items and their variants as input features to identify CRC patients. Before labelling any foods as colorectal cancer-causing foods, it is ethical to analyse facts like how many grams of food should be consumed daily and how many times a week. This research examines five classification algorithms on real-time datasets: K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression with Classifier Chain (LRCC), and Logistic Regression with Label Powerset (LRLC). Then, the SMOTE algorithm is applied to deal with and identify imbalances in the data. Our study shows that eating more than 10 g/d of low-fat butter in bread (RR 1.99, CI 0.91–4.39) and more than twice a week (RR 1.49, CI 0.93–2.38) increases CRC risk. Concerning beef, eating in excess of 74 g of beef steak daily (RR 0.88, CI 0.50–1.55) and having it more than once a week (RR 0.88, CI 0.62–1.23) decreases the risk of CRC, respectively. While eating beef and dairy products in a daily diet should be cautious about quantity. Consuming those items in moderation on a regular basis will protect us against CRC risk. Meanwhile, a high intake of poultry (RR 0.2, CI 0.05–0.81), fish (RR 0.82, CI 0.31–2.16), and pork (RR 0.67, CI 0.17–2.65) consumption negatively correlates to CRC hazards.
Aquaponic growth of basil (Ocimum basilicum) with African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in standard substrate combined with a Humicacid Fiber-Substrate (HFS)
Authors: Knaus Ulrich , Hübner Dirk Hyo-Dschung , Küchenmeister Christian , Appelbaum Samuel , Iten Walter , Palm Harry W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA major challenge in agriculture, horticulture and aquaponics practices is the reduction of mineral fertilisers and peat to reduce CO2 emissions and increase sustainability. This study used a three-phase-natural fertiliser, the Humicacid Fiber-Substrate (HFS), made from natural regenerative organic and mineral-fractions (Humus-Mineral-Complex), to reduce the peat content in plant pots for aquaponics farming. Basil (Ocimum basilicum) growth was compared with i) 100% standard media substrate ("Einheitserde", white peat 80%, clay 20%), and ii) 85% "Einheitserde" and 15% of HFS under irrigation with aquaculture process waters from an extensive and intensive production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) under coupled aquaponic conditions. The substitution with 15% HFS and use of intensive fish water resulted in comparable plant growth to a fertiliser solution as control, and in higher leaf width and leaf green weight and lower root dry weight compared with the standard media substrate "Einheitserde". Basil leaf chlorophyll content from the aquaponics was higher compared with local market plants. This suggests the possible substitution of the peat substrate "Einheitserde" with at least 15% HFS to reduce the natural peat fraction. Further studies on crop-specific substrates are needed to reduce peat in aquaponics farming plant cultivation.
Increased trial-to-trial similarity and reduced temporal overlap of muscle synergy activation coefficients manifest during learning and with increasing movement proficiency
Authors: Kaufmann Paul , Koller Willi , Wallnöfer Elias , Goncalves Basilio , Baca Arnold , Kainz Hans 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMuscle synergy analyses are used to enhance our understanding of motor control. Spatially fixed synergy weights coordinate multiple co-active muscles through activation commands, known as activation coefficients. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of motor learning, it is essential to understand how activation coefficients vary during a learning task and at different levels of movement proficiency. Participants walked on a line, a beam, and learned to walk on a tightrope—tasks that represent different levels of proficiency. Muscle synergies were extracted from electromyography signals across all conditions and the number of synergies was determined by the knee-point of the total variance accounted for (tVAF) curve. The results indicated that the tVAF of one synergy decreased with task proficiency, with the tightrope task resulting in the highest tVAF compared to the line and beam tasks. Furthermore, with increasing proficiency and after a learning process, trial-to-trial similarity increased and temporal overlap of synergy activation coefficients decreased. Consequently, we propose that precise adjustment and refinement of synergy activation coefficients play a pivotal role in motor learning.
Exploring protein relative relations in skeletal muscle proteomic analysis for insights into insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Czajkowska Anna , Czajkowski Marcin , Szczerbinski Lukasz , Jurczuk Krzysztof , Reska Daniel , Kwedlo Wojciech , Kretowski Marek , Zabielski Piotr , Kretowski Adam 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe escalating prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) underscores the urgent need for improved early detection techniques and effective treatment strategies. In this context, our study presents a proteomic analysis of post-exercise skeletal muscle biopsies from individuals across a spectrum of glucose metabolism states: normal, prediabetes, and T2D. This enabled the identification of significant protein relationships indicative of each specific glycemic condition. Our investigation primarily leveraged the machine learning approach, employing the white-box algorithm relative evolutionary hierarchical analysis (REHA), to explore the impact of regulated, mixed mode exercise on skeletal muscle proteome in subjects with diverse glycemic status. This method aimed to advance the diagnosis of IR and T2D and elucidate the molecular pathways involved in its development and the response to exercise. Additionally, we used proteomics-specific statistical analysis to provide a comparative perspective, highlighting the nuanced differences identified by REHA. Validation of the REHA model with a comparable external dataset further demonstrated its efficacy in distinguishing between diverse proteomic profiles. Key metrics such as accuracy and the area under the ROC curve confirmed REHA’s capability to uncover novel molecular pathways and significant protein interactions, offering fresh insights into the effects of exercise on IR and T2D pathophysiology of skeletal muscle. The visualizations not only underscored significant proteins and their interactions but also showcased decision trees that effectively differentiate between various glycemic states, thereby enhancing our understanding of the biomolecular landscape of T2D.
Automated analysis of spontaneous eye blinking in patients with acute facial palsy or facial synkinesis
Authors: Schuhmann Lukas , Büchner Tim , Heinrich Martin , Volk Gerd Fabian , Denzler Joachim , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAlthough patients with facial palsy often complain of disturbed eye blinking which may lead to visual impairment, a blinking analysis is not part of routine grading of facial palsy. Twenty minutes of spontaneous eye blinking at rest of 30 patients with facial palsy (6 with acute palsy; 24 patients with facial synkinesis; median age: 58 years, 67% female), and 30 matched healthy probands (median age: 57 years; 67% female) was smart phone video recorded. A custom computer program automatically extracted eye measures and determined the eye closure rate (eye aspect ratio [EAR]), blink frequency, and blink duration. Facial Clinimetric Evaluation (FaCE), Facial Disability Index (FDI) were assessed as patient-reported outcome measures. The minimal EAR, i.e., minimal visible eye surface during blinking, was significantly higher on the paretic side in patients with acute facial palsy than in patients with synkinesis or in healthy controls. The blinking frequency on the affected side was significantly lower in both patient groups compared to healthy controls. Vice versa, blink duration was longer in both patient groups. There was no clear correlation between the blinking values and FaCE and FDI. Blinking parameters are easy to estimate automatically and add a functionally important parameter to facial grading.
The importance of missing data in estimating BMI trajectories
Authors: Gray Laura A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBody Mass Index (BMI) trajectories are important for understanding how BMI develops over time. Missing data is often stated as a limitation in studies that analyse BMI over time and there is limited research exploring how missing data influences BMI trajectories. This study explores the influence missing data has in estimating BMI trajectories and the impact on subsequent analysis. This study uses data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Distinct BMI trajectories are estimated for adults aged 50 years and over. Next, multiple methods accounting for missing data are implemented and compared. Estimated trajectories are then used to predict the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Four distinct trajectories are identified using each of the missing data methods: stable overweight, elevated BMI, increasing BMI, and decreasing BMI. However, the likelihoods of individuals following the different trajectories differ between the different methods. The influence of BMI trajectory on T2DM is reduced after accounting for missing data. More work is needed to understand which methods for missing data are most reliable. When estimating BMI trajectories, missing data should be considered. The extent to which accounting for missing data influences cost-effectiveness analyses should be investigated.
Phase II study of talazoparib in advanced cancers with BRCA1/2, DNA repair, and PTEN alterations
Authors: Piha-Paul Sarina A. , Tseng Chieh , Leung Cheuk Hong , Yuan Ying , Karp Daniel D. , Subbiah Vivek , Hong David , Fu Siqing , Naing Aung , Rodon Jordi , Javle Milind , Ajani Jaffer A. , Raghav Kanwal P. , Somaiah Neeta , Mills Gordon B. , Tsimberidou Apostolia M. , Zheng Xiaofeng , Chen Ken , Meric-Bernstam Funda 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCancer cells with BRCA1/2 deficiencies are sensitive to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. We evaluated the efficacy of talazoparib in DNA-Damage Repair (DDR)-altered patients. In this phase II trial, patients were enrolled onto one of four cohorts based on molecular alterations: (1) somatic BRCA1/2, (2) other homologous recombination repair pathway, (3) PTEN and (4) germline BRCA1/2. The primary endpoint was a clinical benefit rate (CBR): complete response, partial response or stable disease ≥24 weeks. 79 patients with a median of 4 lines of therapy were enrolled. CBR for cohorts 1–4 were: 32.5%, 19.7%, 9.4% and 30.6%, respectively. PTEN mutations correlated with reduced survival and a trend towards shorter time to progression.Talazoparib demonstrated clinical benefit in selected DDR-altered patients. PTEN mutations/loss patients derived limited clinical benefit. Further study is needed to determine whether PTEN is prognostic or predictive of response to PARP inhibitors.
AIPHAD, an active learning web application for visual understanding of phase diagrams
Authors: Tamura Ryo , Morito Haruhiko , Deffrennes Guillaume , Naito Masanobu , Nose Yoshitaro , Abe Taichi , Terayama Kei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhase diagrams provide considerable information that is vital for materials exploration. However, the determination of multidimensional phase diagrams typically requires a significant investment of time, cost, and human resources owing to the necessity of numerous experiments or simulations. Machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques present a viable solution for expediting phase diagrams investigations. Additionally, effective visualization is critical for understanding phase diagrams. This study reports the development of AIPHAD (Artificial Intelligence technique for PHAse Diagram), an open-source web application to assist in the investigation and visual understanding of phase diagrams using active learning. AIPHAD employs PDC (Phase Diagram Construction) algorithm, which operates on the principle of uncertainty sampling in active learning. The AIPHAD application facilitates the examination of five diagram types: two-variable diagrams, three-variable diagrams, ternary sections, ternary phase diagrams, and quaternary sections. The efficacy of the application is demonstrated in the study of the Fe-Ti-Sn ternary system, where it efficiently identified the presence of the Heusler phase. The integration of machine learning tools with traditional materials science approaches showcased in this study has the potential to drive groundbreaking advancements in materials exploration and discovery.
The IACOB project
Authors: Negueruela I. , Simón-Díaz S. , de Burgos A. , Casasbuenas A. , Beck P. G. 
Published: July 2024

Context. With the advent of large spectroscopic surveys, automated stellar parameter determination has become commonplace. Nevertheless, spectral classification still offers a quick and useful alternative for obtaining parameter estimates for large samples of spectra of varying quality.
Aims. We present a new atlas of stellar spectra covering the B-type range, with the intention of providing detailed classification criteria valid for modern spectra and improving the grid of reliable standards. This new grid will be used in future works to provide classification criteria beyond the classical classification range and addressing, in particular, the use of Gaia/RVS spectra.
Methods. We analysed historical standards by means of multiple high-resolution spectra, marking out problematic cases and complementing the grid with a new set of reliable comparators. We then elaborated on a new set of classification criteria based on high-quality R = 4000 spectra.
Results. Our new classification grid is much thicker than any previous set of standards, presenting a high degree of self-consistency. Although it is based entirely on morphological criteria, the grid demonstrates a much better correlation with different physical parameters.
Conclusions. The new grid can be used to study classification criteria in other spectral ranges, providing a valuable tool for the study of B-type stars that covers a very wide range of temperatures, luminosities, and stellar masses. The very process of classification also offers valuable insights into stellar evolution.
The GAPS Programme at TNG
Authors: Ruggieri A. , Desidera S. , Sozzetti A. , Marzari F. , Pinamonti M. , Gratton R. , Biazzo K. , D’Orazi V. , Malavolta L. , Mesa D. , Claudi R. , Benatti S. , Bignamini A. , Cabona L. , Chauvin G. , Hagelberg J. , Mancini L. , Mantovan G. , Molinaro M. , Nardiello D. , Scandariato G. , Vigan A. , Zingales T. 
Published: July 2024

Context. Due to observational biases, a large fraction of known exoplanets are short-period objects. However, the search for planets began more than 20 yr ago, and so it is already possible – with the use of a suitable dataset – to begin exploring a wider range of the parameter space, such as that encompassing long-period planets.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to investigate the presence of long-period giant companions in two systems where one or more planets are already known and for which a long-term trend in the radial velocities (RVs) was noted in previous works.
Methods. Over the last 11 yr, we have collected 122 spectra of HD 75898 and 72 spectra of HD 11506 with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher for the Northern hemisphere (HARPS-N) in the framework of the Global Architecture of Planetary Systems (GAPS) project, from which we derived precise RV and activity indicator measurements. Additional RV data from the High-Resolution Echelle Spectrometer (HIRES) are also used here to increase the total time span. For our RV analysis, we used PyORBIT, an advanced Python tool for the simultaneous Bayesian analysis of RVs and stellar activity indicators. In addition, we used astrometric (Gaia DR3) and imaging archive data to complete our analysis. In particular, we combined RVs and astrometry to better constrain the mass and period of the new long-period companions.
Results. We find evidence for one additional long-period companion (gas giant planet or brown dwarf) in both systems considered. The new candidate for HD 75898 has a period of roughly 18 yr and a true mass of around 8.5 Mj. For HD 11506, we confirm the new object (planet d) recently announced using HIRES data but we find that the period and true mass are both almost double the values based on HIRES results (Pd ~ 72 yr, Md ~ 13 Mj). In addition, for HD 75898, we also find evidence of an activity cycle affecting RVs with a period of one order of magnitude lower than found in the literature.
Over-order multiplicities and their application in controlling delay dynamics.
On zeros’ distribution of linear combinations of Kummer hypergeometric functions
Authors: Boussaada Islam , Mazanti Guilherme , Iulian Niculescu Silviu 
Published: July 2024

A series of recent works have shown that, for a system of linear functional differential equations, a spectral value having a multiplicity exceeding the order of the system tends to correspond to the spectral abscissa of the system, a property called MID for multiplicity-induced-dominancy. In particular, when this multiplicity coincides with the degree of the characteristic quasipolynomial, this property is called generic MID (GMID), in opposition to the intermediate MID (IMID), which corresponds to a multiplicity strictly smaller than the degree. The GMID has been fully characterized for single-delay retarded as well as neutral delay-differential equations thanks to the representation of the corresponding quasipolynomial in terms of a Kummer hypergeometric function. However, apart from partial results, in full generality, no result of the literature enables the characterization of the dominance of a spectral value having an intermediate multiplicity, which is essentially due to the lack of existing results among the open literature pertaining to linear combinations of Kummer functions’ zeros distribution. In this work, we overcome this difficulty and we further investigate the MID to cover the so-called over-order MID, that is, the cases where the multiplicity is larger than the order of the corresponding differential equation.
Herzinsuffizienz bei Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus
Authors: Schütt Katharina , Polzin Amin 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungPatienten mit Diabetes haben ein erhöhtes Risiko, eine Herzinsuffizienz zu entwickeln, und das Vorliegen beider Komorbiditäten geht mit einer schlechteren Prognose einher. Daher ist es von größter Bedeutung, eine Herzinsuffizienz bei Patienten mit Diabetes frühzeitig zu erkennen und umgekehrt alle Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz auf das Vorhandensein eines Diabetes mellitus zu screenen. Dies ist besonders wichtig, da das Vorliegen einer Herzinsuffizienz bei Patienten mit Diabetes häufig eine Anpassung der antidiabetischen Therapie notwendig macht. Insgesamt ist die Umsetzung der leitliniengerechten Therapien zur Reduzierung des kardiovaskulären Risikos in dieser Hochrisikopopulation von entscheidender Bedeutung. Der vorliegende Artikel legt die Besonderheiten bei der Therapie von Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz und begleitendem Diabetes mellitus dar.
Technikbasierte Interventionen in der Sport- und Bewegungstherapie
bei Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2
Authors: Brinkmann Christian , Denzin Julian , Behrens Meinolf 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungIn dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden Möglichkeiten technikbasierter Interventionen
in der Sport- und Bewegungstherapie von Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus
(T2DM) vorgestellt und deren Wirksamkeit zur Steigerung des Bewegungsverhaltens
und Verbesserung klinischer Variablen aufgezeigt. Dabei zeigen sich bei
mobile-Health-Interventionen (mHealth) zum Teil ähnliche Wirkungen wie bei einem
konventionellen Training. Der Einsatz von Sensortechnologie (z. B.
Schrittzähler, Beschleunigungsmesser, Systeme zur kontinuierlichen
Glukosemessung (CGM)) kann ein verstärktes Bewusstsein für gesundheitsrelevante
Faktoren schaffen und sich positiv auf die Verbesserung der glykämischen
Kontrolle auswirken. Es werden jedoch mehr qualitativ hochwertige Studien (mit
homogenen Studiendesigns) und Meta-Analysen benötigt, um die Aussagekraft der
Evidenz zu erhöhen und klare und zuverlässige Empfehlungen für den Einsatz von
Technik bei Sport- und Bewegungsinterventionen für Menschen mit T2DM zu geben.
Herausforderungen vorwiegend technikbasierter Interventionen sind die Schaffung
einer langfristigen Adhärenz, ausreichende Sicherheit beim Training und
Datenschutzangelegenheiten.
Körperliche Aktivität und gesunde Ernährung zur Prävention und
Therapie des Gestationsdiabetes mellitus
Authors: Meuffels Frederike Maria , Levcenko Jessica , Brinkmann Christian 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Entstehung und Progression von Gestationsdiabetes mellitus
(GDM) wird neben anderen Faktoren durch das Bewegungs- und Ernährungsverhalten
der Mutter beeinflusst. Evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen sind in der S3-Leitlinie
GDM festgehalten. Ziel der Umfrage war es herauszufinden, ob schwangere Frauen
über körperliche Aktivität und gesunde Ernährung von ihren FrauenärztInnen (FrÄ)
aufgeklärt werden und ob sie sich ausreichend zu den Themen informiert
fühlen.
Methode Durch eine Online-Umfrage wurden schwangere Frauen (n=62) in Berlin
mit und ohne GDM dazu befragt.Ergebnisse Lediglich circa die Hälfte der
Befragten gab an, mit ihrer Gynäkologin/ihrem Gynäkologen überhaupt über
körperliche Aktivität (52%) und gesunde Ernährung (45%) gesprochen zu haben.
Weniger als die Hälfte aller Frauen (39%) war mit der Beratung zu den Themen
körperliche Aktivität und Ernährung zufrieden.
Fazit Die Beratung von Schwangeren durch ihre FrÄ zu den Themen Bewegung
und gesunde Ernährung bei GDM besitzt den Ergebnissen zufolge deutliches
Verbesserungspotenzial. Die Verbreitung von Schulungsmaterialien in
gynäkologischen Praxen könnte sinnvoll sein.
Partizipative Bewegungsförderung in der beruflichen
Bildung
Authors: Grüne Eva , Popp Johanna , Carl Johannes , Semrau Jana , Pfeifer Klaus 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungIn der Bewegungs- und Gesundheitsförderung wächst das Interesse an
Beteiligungsansätzen, die auf einer Zusammenarbeit zwischen
Wissenschaftler*innen und nichtakademischen Akteur*innen beruhen. Der
kooperative Planungsansatz, der verschiedene Akteur*innen aus Wissenschaft,
Politik und Praxis in einen gleichberechtigten Entscheidungsprozess zur Planung,
Entwicklung und Implementierung von Maßnahmen zur Bewegungsförderung einbezieht,
entspricht einem solchem Beteiligungsansatz. Im Rahmen des Projekts PArC-AVE
wurden in der Vergangenheit fünf kooperative Planungsprozesse im Bereich der
beruflichen Bildung durchgeführt, die zur Entwicklung und Implementierung
bewegungsförderlicher Maßnahmen führten. Auf der Grundlage der umfangreichen
Ergebnisse aus dem Projekt PArC-AVE werden in dem vorliegenden Artikel
Handlungsempfehlungen für die partizipative Bewegungsförderung in der
beruflichen Bildung dargestellt. Diese Handlungsempfehlungen enthalten eine
Beschreibung konkreter Umsetzungsschritte der Vorbereitungs-, Entwicklungs- und
Implementierungsphase sowie der Evaluation eines kooperativen Planungsprozesses
und bieten damit eine wertvolle Orientierungshilfe zur Durchführung zukünftiger
kooperativer Planungsprozesse im Bereich der beruflichen Bildung.