bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite element model and experimental studies on rubber-cord composite
Authors: Nam Tran Huu 
Published: December 2014

The rubber-cord composite (CRC) which is created of rubber matrix reinforced with textile cords is used for many applications such as pneumatic membranes, automobile tires, pneumatic air-springs, hydraulic hoses and many others. The CRC is characterized by strongly anisotropic material behaviour and can simultaneously undergo large elastic deformations. In this paper a finite element (FE) model was developed and applied to study the mechanical responses of CRC. This model consists of 8-node hexahedral brick elements describing rubber matrix and 3-D spar elements for modeling of textile cords. The experimental studies in uniaxial and cyclic tension were performed. The material constants of textile cords were fitted to experimentally measured data by approach technique using linear and bilinear elastic models. The simulations of uniaxial tensile tests using proposed FE model were carried out. The numerical results of simulations were compared to experimental ones in order to verify the accurateness of the FE model. The obtained results indicated that the proposed FE model can be applied for the modeling and simulation of mechanical behaviour of CRC.
The analysis of composite beams with partial interaction using the general technique method
Authors: Chung Nguyen Van , Thanh Bui Cong 
Published: December 2014

This paper presents a modeling technique that derives from the work of Newmark to describe the behavior of steel-concrete composite beams with elastic shear connection. The model is used to derive expressions for beam curvature, rotation and deflection under monotonic load from which the stiffness matrix is derived and finite element analysis performed on a set of illustrative examples. Model results are compared to those obtained using other method.
Comparison of two hydrological model simulations using NAM and XINANJIANG for Nong Son catchment
Authors: Nghi Vu Van , Lam Dang Thanh , Dung Do Duc 
Published: December 2014

The study presents the hydrological simulations for the Nong Son catchment, a drainage area of the Vu Gia-Thu Bon basin in the Central Vietnam, by using the NAM and XINANJIANG models. Simulation results for both models show good agreement between calculated and observed discharges at the stream gauge. The overall water balance error is less than ±10%, Nash-Sut cliffe efficiency \(R^2\) above 0.85, and Pearson correlation coefficient \(r\) above 0.92 in both model calibration and verification period. Although NAM's performance shows a slightly better correspondence between the discharges at the stream gauge, the XINANJIANG model shows a relatively better reproduction of the runoff components (i.e. overland flow, interflow and baseflow).
Kinematics of a rigid about a fixed point
Authors: Sanh Do , Khoa Do Dang 
Published: December 2014

This paper employs transmission matrices to investigate the motion of a rigid body about a fixed point. Formulas to calculate coordinates, velocities, and the accelerations of points on the body are presented. The method separates generalized velocities and accelerations making it particularly useful to the study of a wide range of problems in dynamics such as, for example, the calculation of the inertia matrix.
Dynamic absorber for ropeway gondola using Coriolis force
Authors: Matsuhisa Hiroshi , Yasuda Masashi 
Published: December 2014

Wind-induced swinging of ropeway gondola can be reduced using dynamic absorbers. To maximize the performance of conventional dynamic absorbers, their location should be as high as possible. However, absorbers can not be installed at high positions due to interference issues with structures such as towers and stations. To address this problem, a new type of dynamic absorber that moves vertically is proposed. This absorber is composed of a mass supported by a spring. The mass moves in the radius direction (up and down) and it induces Coriolis force in the circumference direction to prevent the swing of gondola. If the natural frequency of the absorber is tuned to twice that of the gondola, the absorber moves spontaneously with a large amplitude due the resonance. This absorber is more effective when it is located at lower positions. The experiment with a small model and an actual gondola for 10 passengers were carried out and the results agreed well with the theoretical predictions.
A \(C^1\) bending element for composite plates based on a high-order shear deformation theory
Authors: Thinh Tran Ich , Khoa Ngo Nhu , Dung Do Tien 
Published: December 2014

A new \(C^1\) rectangular element is proposed and the finite element formulation based on Reddy’s higher-order shear deformation plate theory is developed. Although the plate theory is quite attractive but it could not be exploited as expected in finite-element analysis. This is due to the difficulties associated with satisfaction of inter-elemental continuity requirement and satisfy zero shear stress boundary conditions of the plate theory. In this paper, the proposed element is developed where Reddy’s plate theory is successfully implemented. It has nine nodes and each node contains 7 degrees of freedom. The performance of the element is tested with different numerical examples, which show its precision and range of applicability.
Improved approximations for the Rayleigh wave velocity in [-1, 0.5]
Authors: Vinh Pham Chi , Malischewsky Peter G. 
Published: December 2014

In the present paper we derive improved approximations for the Rayleigh wave velocity in the interval \(\nu \in \) [−1, 0.5] using the method of least squares. In particular: (i) We create approximate polynomials of order 4, 5, 6 whose maximum percentage errors are 0.035 %, 0.015 %, 0.0083 %, respectively. (2i) Improved approximations in the form of the inverse of polynomials of order 3, 5 are also established. They are approximations with very high accuracy. (3i) By using the best approximate second-order polynomial of the cubic power in the space \(C\)[0.474572, 0.912622], we derive an approximation that is the best, so far, of the approximations obtained by approximating the secular equation.
Dual integrals in non-linear fracture mechanics
Authors: Stolz Claude 
Published: December 2014

We propose a dual approach in fracture mechanics based on complementary energy. The analysis of the dissipation shows that the thermodynamical force associated with the evolution of a crack is an energy release rate, form of which depends on the presence or not of mechanical discontinuities. This energy release rate is given as an integral based on free or complementary energy. We analyse the invariance of such integrals and we discuss the obtained results in elastoplasticity.
Data completion for linear symmetric operators as a Cauchy problem: An efficient method via energy-like error minimization
Authors: Baranger Thouraya N. , Andrieux Stéphane 
Published: December 2014

Data completion is a problem in which known or measured superabundant data exist for part of the boundaries of a domain, whereas the data for the rest of the boundaries are unknown. Thus the aim is to determine the solution of a known PDE defined throughout the domain, which satisfies the superabundant data and then identifies the missing ones. For linear symmetric operators, we propose a general method to solve the data completion problem as a Cauchy problem. Various applications are described for stationary conduction and elastostatic problems.
Phase change with voids and bubbles
Authors: Ascione Francesco , Frémond Michel 
Published: December 2014

We investigate phase transition at the macroscopic level. The main novelty of our approach is the possibility of having voids during the phase change. This aspect is described in the model by the mass balance equation which results in a pressure which has a paramount importance. The state variables are the temperature, the strain tensor, and the volume fractions of the two phases (whose evolutions are described by a vectorial equation coming from the principle of virtual power and related to microscopic motion responsible for the phase change). The theory accounts for the main physical phenomenons, for instance, for the cavitation phenomenon and for pressure dependance of the phase change temperature. The scope of the predictive theory is illustrated with uni-dimensional examples.
Incidencia Del Liderazgo En Los Factores Críticos Del Éxito Como Estrategia Competitiva Empresarial
Authors: Gil Osorio Ivonne María , Ibarra Lopesierra Sait 
Published: December 2014

En las organizaciones, en el mundo cambiante de la globalización requieren, para ser exitosas en el mercado,de liderazgo expresado como factores críticos del éxito, que se expresan en la influencia en el entorno. Estos determinan que clases de estrategias competitivas planificar, con el propósito de permanecer y sobresalir. Esteartículo reflexiona sobre este tema desde la perspectiva interpretativa, bajo enfoques positivista, con el uso del método hermenéutico en contexto teórico y documental. Se plantea en la reflexión final como el liderazgo y losfactores críticos del éxito en las organizaciones juegan un papel fundamental, siendo este enfoque empresarial una herramienta dinámica en las estrategias de competitividad.
Wybrane własności kurtozy wektora losowego
Authors: Budny Katarzyna 
Published: December 2014

The paper is a continuation of a discussion of the kurtosis of a random vector. Multivariate kurtosis is defined as the fourth central moment divided by the square of the variance of a random vector. This term is built on the definition of the power of a random vector proposed by J. Tatar. The paper presents selected, essential properties of multivariate kurtosis - among other things the invariance property under a number of affine transformations. Besides that, the relation between kurtosis of the random vector and its skewness is fixed. In view of these properties, the fourth central moment divided by the square of the variance of a random vector may be regarded as a satisfactory measure of multivariate kurtosis.
Zastosowanie programowania zero-jedynkowego w harmonogramowaniu czynności projektu
Authors: Krzeszowska-Zakrzewska Bogumiła 
Published: December 2014

Because of increasing interest in project management in the subject literature, optimisation techniques are often considered in project planning and scheduling. The main project scheduling techniques are CPM or PERT. Those methods deliver schedules with optimal project finish times and ensure the level of resource usage is controlled. In practical situations, project schedules should be optimised not only because of time but also because of resource usage and cash flows. The above techniques do not meet those requirements. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how zero-one programming can be used in project scheduling. Zero-one programming is a special case of integer programming where all the decision variables are integers and can assume values of either zero or one. A zero-one programming formulation has been applied to solve three project scheduling problems, namely the optimisation of project completion time, resource usage and project cash flows.
Repeated Selective Cutting Controls Neotropical Bracken (Pteridium arachnoideum) and Restores Abandoned Pastures
Authors: Aguilar-Dorantes Karla , Mehltreter Klaus , Vibrans Heike , Mata-Rosas Martin , Esqueda-Esquivel Valentín A. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractNeotropical bracken fern invades disturbed forests and burned and abandoned pastures in Latin America, inhibiting the growth of associated vegetation and altering community structure. Cutting of all aboveground vegetation every 6 to 12 mo has proven to be inefficient as a control method. We studied the impact of selective cutting of bracken every 2 mo, shading, and a combination of cutting + shading during 14 mo in a bracken-dominated, abandoned pasture in Veracruz, Mexico. At the end of the experiment, cutting with or without shading drastically reduced bracken cover from >90% to less than 1%, decreased leaf number from 18 to fewer than two leaves per m2, and depleted bracken leaf biomass. The significant reduction of bracken was correlated with a significant 3.9- to 5.7-fold increase in richness of other plant species. Cutting without shading was the only treatment that significantly reduced rhizome biomass to less than 62% of control plots, whereas cutting + shading was the only treatment to promote a significant increase in both cover and shoot biomass of successional plant species. Selective cutting of P. arachnoideum repeated every 2 mo was more successful than nonselective cuttings repeated at longer intervals, because it removed newly emerging leaves before their complete expansion and supported the recovery and reestablishment of other plant species, which may help to control bracken. Although costs for the first year of selective cutting were twice as much as for nonselective cutting, it may prove less expensive and more efficient than nonselective cutting in the long term.
Extent of Kentucky Bluegrass and Its Effect on Native Plant Species Diversity and Ecosystem Services in the Northern Great Plains of the United States
Authors: Toledo David , Sanderson Matt , Spaeth Kenneth , Hendrickson John , Printz Jeff 
Published: December 2014

AbstractKentucky bluegrass, a nonnative species, has invaded rangelands in the United States and is currently present in most rangelands across the Northern Great Plains. Despite its accelerated expansion, the consequences of Kentucky bluegrass on the diversity of native plant species and on ecosystem services remain largely unknown. We synthesized the available data related to Kentucky bluegrass and how it affects native plant diversity and ecosystem services. We found that invasion may bring negative consequences to ecosystem services, such as pollination, habitat for wildlife species, and alteration of nutrient and hydrologic cycles, among others. To maintain the flow of ecosystem goods and services from these rangeland ecosystems, range science must adapt to the challenge of introduced, cool-season grass dominance in mixed-grass prairie. Based on our findings, we identify research needs that address ecosystem changes brought on by Kentucky bluegrass invasion and the corresponding effects these changes have on ecosystem services. We are dealing with novel ecosystems, and until we have better answers, adaptive management strategies that use the best available information need to be developed to adapt to the invasion of this pervasive invasive species.
Efficacy of Exotic Control Strategies for Restoring Coastal Prairie Grasses
Authors: Holl Karen D. , Howard Elizabeth A. , Brown Timothy M. , Chan Robert G. , de Silva Tara S. , Mann E. Tyler , Russell Jamie A. , Spangler William H. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractRestoration in Mediterranean-climate grasslands is strongly impeded by lack of native propagules and competition with exotic grasses and forbs. We report on a study testing several methods for exotic plant control combined with planting native grasses to restore prairies in former agricultural land in coastal California. Specifically we compared tarping (shading out recently germinated seedlings with black plastic) once, tarping twice, topsoil removal, herbicide (glyphosate), and a control treatment in factorial combinations with or without wood mulch. Into each treatment we planted three native grass species (Elymus glaucus, Hordeum brachyantherum, andStipa pulchra) and monitored plant survival and cover for three growing seasons. Survival of native grass species was high in all treatments, but was slightly lower in unmulched soil removal and control treatments in the first 2 yr. Mulching, tarping, and herbicide were all effective in reducing exotic grass cover and enhancing native grass cover for the first 2 yr, but by the third growing season cover of the plant guilds and bare ground had mostly converged, primarily because of the declining effects of the initial treatments. Mulching and tarping were both considerably more expensive than herbicide treatment. Topsoil removal was less effective in increasing native grass cover likely because soil removal altered the surface hydrology in this system. Our results show that several treatments were effective in enhancing native grass establishment, but that longer term monitoring is needed to evaluate the efficacy of restoration efforts. The most appropriate approach to controlling exotics to restore specific grassland sites will depend not only on the effectiveness, but also on relative costs and site constraints.
Rapid proliferation of activated lymph node CD4+ T cells is achieved by greatly curtailing the duration of gap phases in cell cycle progression
Authors: Mishima Takuya , Toda Shoko , Ando Yoshiaki , Matsunaga Tsukasa , Inobe Manabu 
Published: December 2014

AbstractPeripheral T cells are in G0 phase and do not proliferate. When they encounter an antigen, they enter the cell cycle and proliferate in order to initiate an active immune response. Here, we have determined the first two cell cycle times of a leading population of CD4+ T cells stimulated by PMA plus ionomycin in vitro. The first cell cycle began around 10 h after stimulation and took approximately 16 h. Surprisingly, the second cell cycle was extremely rapid and required only 6 h. T cells might have a unique regulatory mechanism to compensate for the shortage of the gap phases in cell cycle progression. This unique feature might be a basis for a quick immune response against pathogens, as it maximizes the rate of proliferation.
Health Level Seven Interoperability Strategy: Big Data, Incrementally Structured
Authors: Rogers B. , Jaffe C. , Dolin R. H. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryObjectives: Describe how the HL7 Clinical Document Architecture (CDA), a foundational standard in US Meaningful Use, contributes to a “big data, incrementally structured” interoperability strategy, whereby data structured incrementally gets large amounts of data flowing faster. We present cases showing how this approach is leveraged for big data analysis.Methods: To support the assertion that semi-structured narrative in CDA format can be a useful adjunct in an overall big data analytic approach, we present two case studies. The first assesses an organization’s ability to generate clinical quality reports using coded data alone vs. coded data supplemented by CDA narrative. The second leverages CDA to construct a network model for referral management, from which additional observations can be gleaned.Results: The first case shows that coded data supplemented by CDA narrative resulted in significant variances in calculated performance scores. In the second case, we found that the constructed network model enables the identification of differences in patient characteristics among different referral work flows.Discussion: The CDA approach goes after data indirectly, by focusing first on the flow of narrative, which is then incrementally structured. A quantitative assessment of whether this approach will lead to a greater flow of data and ultimately a greater flow of structured data vs. other approaches is planned as a future exercise.Conclusion: Along with growing adoption of CDA, we are now seeing the big data community explore the standard, particularly given its potential to supply analytic engines with volumes of data previously not possible.
Influence of calibration protocols for a pressure-sensing walkway on kinetic and temporospatial parameters
Authors: Agostinho F. S. , Geraldo B. , Justolin P. L. T. , Teixeira C. R. , Lins F. L. M. L. , Monteiro F. O. B. , Rahal S. C. 
Published: December 2014

SummaryObjectives: To evaluate the influence on the kinetic and temporospatial parameters of calibration protocols with point and step techniques for a pressure-sensing walkway.Methods: Nine Labrador dogs were used. Two protocols of point calibration technique (C1 and C2) and eight protocols of step calibration technique (C3 to C10) were performed. In C1, weight was added to a stool to match the body mass of each dog. In C2, weight was added to the stool to match a 46.1 kg person. The other eight calibration protocols represented combinations of the following factors: 46.1 kg and 96.1 kg persons, barefoot or wearing sneakers, and stepping onto the platform with one or two feet.Results: The calibration protocols did not affect the temporospatial variables or percentages of body weight (%BW) distribution. Significant differences were found in both PVI (peak vertical force) and VI (vertical impulse) between barefoot versus wearing sneakers, 46.1 kg versus 96.1 kg person, and stepping onto the platform with one foot versus two feet. When comparing C1 with other protocols, significant differences were observed in PVF and VI for both forelimbs and hindlimbs. When comparing C2 with other protocols, significant differences were observed in PVF and VI for both forelimbs and hindlimbs in all protocols.Clinical significance: The PVF and VI were influenced by the calibration protocol used, but the %BW distribution and temporospatial parameters were not. Using the same calibration protocol for all dogs within the same group eliminated the variability of the kinetic data caused by the calibration.
Le rôle ambivalent de l'engagement au travail dans le stress professionnel des managers de proximité du secteur public
Authors: Codo Sylvie , Soparnot Richard 
Published: December 2014

Cette recherche examine l’impact de l’engagement au travail sur le stress perçu par des managers de proximité (MP) dans le secteur public. A partir d’une étude quantitative menée auprès de 223 MP, cette recherche montre, d’une part, que le degré de dévouement au travail des MP est plus élevé dans le secteur public non-marchand que dans le secteur public marchand. Elle expose, d’autre part, que des dimensions de l’engagement au travail affectent différemment la perception du stress des MP. Ainsi, le dévouement constitue un puissant levier de réduction du degré de stress tandis que l’absorption contribue à son accroissement.
Le coût du travail et la fiscalité des entreprises
Authors: Hellio François , Jolk Christophe 
Published: December 2014

Depuis 2000, l’Allemagne a réduit les prélèvements obligatoires assis sur le travail, alors qu’ils sont restés stables en France. En 2008, ils représentaient 22,6 % du PIB français et 21,8 % du PIB allemand, soit un écart de 0,8 point en faveur de l’Allemagne, alors qu’en 2000, l’écart était de 1,5 point en faveur de la France. D’autres sujets marquent la nette différence existant entre les approches allemande et française en matière sociale, que ce soit la question du salaire minimum, de la durée du travail ou encore de la formation et de l’apprentissage... En matière fiscale, les entreprises françaises pâtissent d’une instabilité quasi chronique des piliers mêmes sur lesquels est fondée la fiscalité. Alors que, tous éléments pris en compte, la fiscalité applicable en France aux entreprises peut s’avérer plus avantageuse qu’en Allemagne, cela n’apparaît pas dans les comparaisons internationales, du fait de la complexité de la réglementation et de son manque de lisibilité.
Focus on the user : quand la publicité se met au service de l'utilisateur
Authors: Leeder Nick , Heneghan Patrick 
Published: December 2014

Le marketing digital est en évolution permanente : chaque nouvel appareil, chaque nouvel outil, chaque nouvelle application ou plateforme apporte de nouvelles possibilités de rencontres que ce soit avec un client existant ou un nouveau prospect. Face à la rapidité des changements technologiques, il devient essentiel de se doter de principes directeurs qui doivent rester stables alors même que l’évolution des technologies transforme la vie du client, et aussi celle de l’annonceur qui cherche à lui communiquer un message.