bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Rights of Pre-verbal Children involved in Video-recorded Research
Authors: Mudaly Neerosh 
Published: June 2015

There is considerable research on the impact of maternal mental health issues on infants’ development. These studies emphasise the importance of early interventions to prevent the development of psychopathology later in life. In many studies infants who are involved in video-recorded studies show an observable distressed reaction. Whilst these studies have made major contributions to the field of child development, a key question that arises is: is it ethically acceptable in research with pre-verbal children for them to experience emotional distress during the research process?
This article explores the ethical issues of harm and benefit from the perspective of the child. It aims further to refine discussion and understanding of children’s vulnerability and examines pre-verbal children’s ethical rights in video-recorded observation studies.
Mid-term results of ligament tenodesis in treatment of scapholunate dissociation: a retrospective study of 20 patients
Authors: Elgammal A. , Lukas B. 
Published: June 2015

The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the modified Brunelli technique for the treatment of chronic irreparable complete scapholunate ligament rupture, causing a reducible carpal malalignment without secondary osteoarthritis. A total of 20 patients were treated using this technique. At a mean follow-up period of 24 months (range 6–53, SD 15), pain on a visual analogue scale had improved from 6 (range 3–10) to 3 (range 0–7). Function measured with the DASH score had improved from 37 (range 11–90) to 20 (range 0–53). Range of motion was reduced in flexion by a mean of 19° (range 10–45), and in extension by a mean of 14° (range 0–35). Mean grip strength at last follow-up was 81% of the uninjured hand (range 50–100%) Three patients developed scapholunate advanced collapse (stage II) requiring salvage surgery. Scapholunate ligament reconstruction with the modified Brunelli technique showed satisfactory results in this study. Extended studies are needed to determine the long-term benefits of this reconstructive procedure. Level of evidence: IV.
Targeting of anti-citrullinated protein/peptide antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis using peptides mimicking endogenously citrullinated fibrinogen antigens
Authors: Fernandes-Cerqueira Cátia , Ossipova Elena , Gunasekera Sunithi , Hansson Monika , Mathsson Linda , Catrina Anca I. , Sommarin Yngve , Klareskog Lars , Lundberg Karin , Rönnelid Johan , Göransson Ulf , Jakobsson Per-Johan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Introduction
We have previously identified endogenously citrullinated peptides derived from fibrinogen in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissues. In this study, we have investigated the auto-antigenicity of four of those citrullinated peptides, and explored their feasibility to target anti-citrullinated protein/peptide antibodies (ACPA).

Methods
The autoantigenic potential of the fibrinogen peptides was investigated by screening 927 serum samples from the Epidemiological Investigation of RA (EIRA) cohort on a peptide microarray based on the ImmunoCAP ISAC® system. In order to assay for ACPA blocking, two independent pools of purified ACPA were incubated with the respective targeting peptide prior to binding to cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP)2 using the CCPlus® ELISA kit.

Results
Two peptides derived from the fibrinogen α chain, Arg573Cit (563-583) and Arg591Cit (580-600), referred to as Cit573 and Cit591, and two peptides from the fibrinogen β chain, Arg72Cit (62-81) and Arg74Cit (62-81) (Cit72 and Cit74), displayed 65 %, 15 %, 35 %, and 53 % of immune reactivity among CCP2-positive RA sera, respectively. In CCP2-negative RA sera, a positive reactivity was detected in 5 % (Cit573), 6 % (Cit591), 8 % (Cit72), and 4 % (Cit74). In the competition assay, Cit573 and Cit591 peptides reduced ACPA binding to CCP2 by a maximum of 84 % and 63 % respectively. An additive effect was observed when these peptides were combined. In contrast, Cit74 and Cit72 were less effective. Cyclization of the peptide structure containing Cit573 significantly increased the blocking efficiency.

Conclusions
Here we demonstrate extensive autoantibody reactivity against in vivo citrullinated fibrinogen epitopes, and further show the potential use of these peptides for antagonizing ACPA.
How do migrants save? Evidence from the British Household Panel Survey on temporary and permanent migrants versus natives
Authors: De Arcangelis Giuseppe , Joxhe Majlinda 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis paper investigates the saving behavior of migrants in the UK across different dimensions, i.e., comparing temporary versus permanent migrants and migrants versus natives. Established theoretical predictions show that migrants save more when they plan to stay in the destination only temporarily as target savers. Our empirical evidence takes into account the contemporaneous choice of savings and remittances. Moreover, when comparing the saving profiles of both natives and migrants, we uncover the weight of observable socio-economic characteristics other than income and wealth. We use the British Household Panel Survey for the period 1991-2008. The estimation results confirm that temporary migrants have a propensity to save 26 per cent higher than permanent migrants in UK. We also introduce an index of financial capability adjusted for income as an explanatory variable and, when employing the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition for the Tobit model of saving choice, migrants are more affected by observable social-economic characteristics than natives.
Pathological conditions re-shape physiological Tregs into pathological Tregs
Authors: Yang William Y , Shao Ying , Lopez-Pastrana Jahaira , Mai Jietang , Wang Hong , Yang Xiao-feng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subset of CD4 T cells that play an essential role in maintaining peripheral immune tolerance, controlling acute and chronic inflammation, allergy, autoimmune diseases, and anti-cancer immune responses. Over the past 20 years, a significant progress has been made since Tregs were first characterized in 1995. Many concepts and principles regarding Tregs generation, phenotypic features, subsets (tTregs, pTregs, iTregs, and iTreg35), tissue specificity (central Tregs, effector Tregs, and tissue resident Tregs), homeostasis (highly dynamic and apoptotic), regulation of Tregs by receptors for PAMPs and DAMPs, Treg plasticity (re-differentiation to other CD4 T helper cell subsets, Th1, Th2, Tfh, and Th17), and epigenetic regulation of Tregs phenotypes and functions have been innovated. In this concise review, we want to briefly analyze these eight new progresses in the study of Tregs. We have also proposed for the first time a novel concept that “physiological Tregs” have been re-shaped into “pathological Tregs” in various pathological environments. Continuing of the improvement in our understanding on this important cellular component about the immune tolerance and immune suppression would lead to the future development of novel therapeutics approaches for acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, allergy, allogeneic transplantation-related immunity, sepsis, autoimmune diseases, and cancers.
Differential effects of IFN-β on IL-12, IL-23, and IL-10 expression in TLR-stimulated dendritic cells
Authors: Yen Jui-Hung , Kong Weimin , Hooper Kirsten M , Emig Frances , Rahbari Kate M , Kuo Ping-Chang , Scofield Barbara A , Ganea Doina 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
MS is an autoimmune disease characterized by immune cell infiltration in the CNS, leading to cumulative disability. IFN-β, used clinically in RR-MS reduces lesion formation and rates of relapse. Although the molecular mechanisms are not entirely elucidated, myeloid cells appear to be a major target for the therapeutic effects of IFN-β. DCs have a critical role in experimental models of MS through their effect on encephalitogenic Th1/Th17 cell differentiation and expansion. Here we focused on the effects of IFN-β on DC expression of cytokines involved in the control of Th1/Th17 differentiation and expansion. Administration of IFN-β to mice immunized with MOG35–55 inhibited IL-12 and IL-23 expression in splenic DC and reduced in vivo differentiation of Th1/Th17 cells. IFN-β affected cytokine expression in TLR-stimulated DC in a similar manner in vitro, inhibiting IL-12 and IL-23 and stimulating IL-10 at both mRNA and protein levels, by signaling through IFNAR. We investigated the role of the signaling molecules STAT1/STAT2, IRF-1 and IRF-7, and of the PI3K→GSK3 pathway. IFN-β inhibition of the IL-12 subunits p40 and p35 was mediated through STAT1/STAT2, whereas inhibition of IL-23 was STAT1 dependent, and the stimulatory effect on IL-10 expression was mediated through STAT2. IFN-β induces IRF-7 and, to a lesser degree, IRF-1. However, neither IRF mediated the effects of IFN-β on IL-12, IL-23, or IL-10. We found that the PI3K pathway mediated IL-12 inhibition but did not interfere with the inhibition of IL-23 or stimulation of IL-10.
Mens health 8: eating disorders, domestic abuse and self-harming
Authors: Barber Chris 
Published: June 2015

An earlier article in this series ( Barber, 2014 ) focused on an area of physical health largely experienced by women, that of breast cancer. This article will highlight three additional health issues that are usually associated with women: eating disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia; self-harming, such as cutting of various parts of the body; and domestic abuse. This article will propose that men can also experience these issues and that, due to a gender bias on the part of both society and healthcare professionals, men's healthcare needs go largely unrecognised and unmet in these areas. Ways in which HCAs can support men who experience these issues will be suggested.
Democratizing the collection: Paradigm shifts in and through museum culture
Authors: Milroy A. K. , Rozefelds A. C. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The Queensland Museum geosciences collection is vast, with over five million individual items, intriguing, and of great interest to a wide variety of audiences in Australia and overseas. Recent developments in imaging technologies, the rapid evolution of the Internet, a corresponding increase in ‘digital natives’ and expectations of greater access to virtual collections are impetuses for museums, worldwide, to digitize their collections. This trend may be considered in a democratic context, as museums strive to provide online access. Their goal, in contrast to the two-­dimensional (2D) digitization of collections in Libraries/Art galleries/Herbaria, is to provide access to three-dimensional (3D) digital objects. The Queensland Museum, like most museums, only has a small portion of the collection on display and the most scientifically significant specimens are kept in a secure, environmentally controlled type store. This is one of the essential paradoxes of museums – that in order to protect and conserve natural history collections, physical access has to be restricted. However, we argue that in response to these emerging imaging technologies the traditional, scientific research culture of the museum is evolving and adapting novel research methodologies to enhance access to the most significant specimens held by the museum. As a result, the following artist–scientist–technology ­collaboration highlights our use of digital imaging techniques; specifically photogrammetry and medical computed tomography (CT) scanning to create ‘virtual’ type specimens. Two digitized type specimens are presented here as exemplars. We consider these as exciting first steps to democratizing the Museum’s geosciences collection, as an accessible on-line resource for a diversity of end users.
Ocean monster screen stars: The impact of J. E. Williamson in Australia
Authors: Elias Ann 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In the days of silent movies, J. E. Williamson became famous for filming a 1916 adaptation of Jules Verne’s novel, Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea (1870). It was the first underwater film ever shot – using a submarine contraption he was able to photograph under the sea and stay dry. Almost immediately, his name, films and publications received attention in the Australian press. ‘Why not bring Williamson to Australia to explore the Great Barrier Reef underwater?’ asked one newspaper report. There were reports at the Great Barrier Reef of a giant sea serpent. But Williamson was already on his way to Scotland to hunt the Loch Ness Monster. Williamson did not visit Australia, but through a strange twist of fate one of his underwater photographs taken at the Bahamas became retitled ‘The Treasure Bridge of the Australian Great Barrier Reef’ by André Breton, leader of the Surrealists. This story unfolds between the years 1914 and 1940 and is the subject of the following article. The discussion emphasizes three points: the fluid world of image culture that emerged with new printing technologies and transport systems in the early twentieth century; the way this modern era valorized the film-maker who was also explorer and showman and in the process confused the boundaries between science and fiction; and how fear and loathing engendered by the sea had dire consequences for marine animals.
Da Educação Superior: Um estudo sobre a Relação Professor-Aluno à partir da Perspectiva Psicanalítica
Authors: Silva Débora Dos Santos , Costa Raul Max Lucas da 
Published: June 2015

<p>O artigo pretende abordar as vicissitudes do processo de ensino-aprendizagem na educação superior, evidenciando os principais sujeitos envolvidos em tal processo, a saber: professores e alunos. Sendo assim, recorreu-se à abordagem qualitativa de caráter bibliográfico. Utilizou-se como base ou unidade de análise a perspectiva psicanalítica que trabalha categorias como: afetividade, transferência, desejo de saber e discurso como laço social. Trabalhou-se também com teóricos que tratam especificamente da educação superior. Neste sentido, faz-se uma interface entre educação e psicanálise no intuito de propiciar uma maior compreensão da relação professor-aluno enquanto principal instrumento para que ocorra ou não aprendizagem e para que o desejo de saber do discente possa ser desenvolvido e constituir-se em verdadeiro campo para a construção de conhecimentos científicos.</p>
Mechanisms for the Reactions Following Radiative Neutron Capture in Liquid Organic Halides
Authors: Milman Miriam 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The available data together with some recent work done by the author, have been reconsidered with regard to establishing a unified approach to the chemistry of hot atoms. It was found that the "Impact Model", originally proposed for the hot reactions of tritium atoms in gases, can also give an adequate picture for the reactions of activated halogen atoms in liquid organic halides.
Physico-Chemical Effects of Neutron Capture in Liquid Systems
Authors: Shaw P. F. D. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Possible physical effects produced by the heating of the liquid in the vicinity of an atom activated by neutron capture have been considered, and the results have been used to calculate the yields of bromoethane obtained in bromoethane-bromine mixtures. The effects of change of temperature upon the yields have been examined, and are in approximate agreement with those observed.
Photoproduction of Uranium-237
Authors: Akatsu Elko , Kuroyanagi Tokihiro , Ishimori Tomitaro 
Published: June 2015

Summary
A mixture of uranium dioxide and boric acid (1:10) was bombarded for one hour with a 20 MeV bremsstrahlung from a linear electron accelerator. After bombardement uranium was chemically separated from fission products. The existence of uranium-237 in the purified uranium, formed by (γ, n) reaction, was proved with the aid of beta and gamma spectrometry, and decay curve measurement. The radiochemical purity of uranium-237 was 99.999% immediately after purification, and the specific activity 0.2 mC/g. It was found possible to prepare 1 mC of uranium-237 from one gram of uranium dioxide in a bombardment of several hours' duration.
Radiochemical Separation of Thallium by Amalgam Exchange
Authors: Qureshi Iqbal H. , Meinke W. Wayne 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The radiochemical separation of thallium by an amalgam exchange technique has been critically evaluated for the aqueous 0.5 M sodium nitrate system. With an optimized procedure, thallium yields of more than 95% were obtained while yields of contaminants, in most cases, were less than 0.1%. The yield is relatively insensitive to interferences from mineral acids, alkalies and salts, except for halogen acids, sulphites and oxidizing agents. At room temperature the procedure requires about 6 minutes while at 50 °C it can be carried out in only 4 minutes. The application of this method to the separation of radio-thallium in the presence of fission products requires about 8 minutes. This procedure appears to have useful potential for the separation of short-lived isotopes of thallium and can readily be modified for the determination of small amounts of thallium in various samples when used in conjunction with neutron activation analysis.
Die Chemie des Promethiums
Authors: Weigel F. , Scherer V. 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Promethium(III)-oxid, Pm2O3, wurde durch Verglühen von Promethium(III)-oxalat-10-Hydrat und Promethium(III)-hydroxid bei Temperaturen im Bereich von 600-1800°C dargestellt. Es existiert in allen drei für die Lanthanidenoxide bekannten polymorphen Modifikationen (A-, B- und C-Form).
C-Pm2O3 wird beim Verglühen von Promethium(III)-oxalat-10-Hydrat, Pm2(C2O4)8 • 10H2O, im Vakuum bei Temperaturen im Bereich 600-950° C erhalten. Es ist korallenrot und kristallisiert kubisch mit a = 10,99 ± 0,01 Å. Die berechnete Dichte hat den Wert 6,84 gcm-3.
B-Pm2O3 entsteht beim Verglühen des Oxalat-lO-Hydrats an der Luft bei Temperaturen oberhalb 950° C. Es ist violettrosa und kristallisiert monoklin mit a = 14,25 Å, b = 3,66 Å, c = 8,93 Å und
β
= 100° Cʹ.
Die berechnete Dichte hat den Wert 7,43 gcm-3.
A-Pm2O3 wird erhalten, wenn frisch gefälltes und getrocknetes Promethium(III)-hydroxid an Luft oder in Argonatmosphäre mehrere Stunden im Platintiegel oder Sinterkorundtiegel auf > 1600 °C erhitzt wird.
Es ist blauviolett und kristallisiert hexagonal mit a = 3,802 Å und c = 5,954 Å. Die berechnete Dichte hat den Wert 7,62 gcm-3.
Aus den Temperaturen, bei denen die einzelnen Modifikationen dargestellt wurden, lassen sich die Existenzbereiche der A-, B- und C-Form abschätzen.
The Europium Isotopes 142Eu, 143Eu and 144Eu
Authors: Malan H. P. , Münzel H. , Pfennig G. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Two short-lived activities, with half-lives 2.61 ± 0.03 min and 1.2 ± 0.2 min, were produced by (d, xn) reactions on 144Sm. On the basis of chemical separations and their genetic relationships these activities were assigned to 143Eu and 142Eu, respectively. Gamma rays of 1.11 and 1.55 MeV are associated with the decay of 148Eu, and those of 0.77 and 1.03 MeV with the decay of 142Eu. Reported data on 144Eu could not be confirmed.
The half-life of 143Sm has been re-determined as 8.84 ± 0.02 min. Analysis of the gamma ray spectra yielded a new gamma ray of 1.52 MeV.
Trainee Perspectives on Manikin Death During Mock Codes
Authors: Lizotte Marie-Hélène , Latraverse Véronique , Moussa Ahmed , Lachance Christian , Barrington Keith , Janvier Annie 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND:
The acceptability of simulated death has been debated by experts, but there is scarce information regarding trainees' perspective.

METHODS:
Trainees in a large pediatric program were invited to perform mock codes, including pre and post questionnaires. Participants were exposed to 2 mock codes of neonates born pulseless. In the RESUSC scenario, the manikin responded to adequate resuscitation; in the DEATH scenario, the manikin remained pulseless. Mock codes were videotaped and evaluated by using the Neonatal Resuscitation Program score sheet. Debriefing was analyzed by using qualitative methodology.

RESULTS:
Fifty-nine of 62 trainees answered the questionnaire, and 42 performed a total of 84 mock codes. All trainees found mock codes beneficial and would appreciate being exposed to more. Most found them realistic and 78% agreed with the following statement: “During mock codes the manikin improves when adequate resuscitation steps are provided.” The scenario or order of scenario did not affect performance (RESUSC versus DEATH). Only 1 trainee stopped resuscitation after 10 minutes of asystole; 31% had not ceased resuscitation efforts by 20 minutes. During debriefing and post questionnaire, trainees found the DEATH scenario more stressful than RESUSC. Trainees all answered the following question during debriefing: “How did this go for you?” Two themes were identified in their answers: (1) the manikin does not die; and (2) death equals inadequate resuscitation.

CONCLUSIONS:
The death of the manikin was stressful, but trainees thought this was acceptable and prepared them for their future. Trainees did not state that “death disclosures” were necessary before a simulated death.
Donner une voix aux Inuit urbains : « Photovoice » comme une pratique de multilittératie dans la construction d’identité et de savoirs transfrontaliers
Authors: Budach Gabriele , Patrick Donna 
Published: June 2015

Cet article présente des résultats d’un projet de recherche ethnographique et collaboratif s’intéressant aux pratiques multimodales de littératie auprès de la communauté Inuit urbaine à Ottawa. Conçue comme un projet de recherche-action l’étude a été menée par des chercheurs universitaires en collaboration avec le programme de littératie familiale attaché au centre d’enfants Inuit à Ottawa (OICC). Cette recherche porte sur la méthode « Photovoice » et sa mise en pratique dans le contexte de la communauté Inuit urbaine. Notre recherche poursuit deux objectifs. Le premier consiste à explorer la façon dont « Photovoice » a été appropriée par la communauté Inuit urbaine comme un moyen de stimuler la réflexion sur l’expérience de migration transfrontalière et la création d’identités Inuit urbaines. Le deuxième cherche à reconnaître la méthode « Photovoice » comme une pratique sociale de littératie et à évaluer sa place comme méthodologie de recherche au sein des New Literacy Studies. Nos résultats de recherche suggérons que « Photovoice » en tant que méthode promouvant la multilittératie peut servir d’outil de réflexion et d’apprentissage dans le contexte communautaire des Inuits urbains ainsi que dans d’autres contextes.