bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumer participation in nurse education: A national survey of Australian universities
Authors: Happell Brenda , Platania‐Phung Chris , Byrne Louise , Wynaden Dianne , Martin Graham , Harris Scott 
Published: March 2015

AbstractConsumers of mental health services have an important role to play in the higher education of nursing students, by facilitating understanding of the experience of mental illness and instilling a culture of consumer participation. Yet the level of consumer participation in mental health nursing programmes in Australia is not known. The aim of the present study was to scope the level and nature of involvement of consumers in mental health nursing higher education in Australia. A cross‐sectional study was undertaken involving an internet survey of nurse academics who coordinate mental health nursing programmes in universities across Australia, representing 32 universities. Seventy‐eight percent of preregistration and 75% of post‐registration programmes report involving consumers. Programmes most commonly had one consumer (25%) and up to five. Face‐to‐face teaching, curriculum development, and membership‐to‐programme committees were the most regular types of involvement. The content was generally codeveloped by consumers and nurse academics (67.5%). The frequency of consumer involvement in the education of nursing students in Australia is surprisingly high. However, involvement is noticeably variable across types of activity (e.g. curriculum development, assessment), and tends to be minimal and ad hoc. Future research is required into the drivers of increased consumer involvement.
Understanding the Flash Sintering of Rare‐Earth‐Doped Ceria for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Authors: Jiang Taizhi , Wang Zhenhua , Zhang Jing , Hao Xiaoming , Rooney David , Liu Yajie , Sun Wang , Qiao Jinshuo , Sun Kening 
Published: March 2015

A novel electrical current applied technique known as flash sintering has been applied to rapidly (within 10 min) densify electrolytes including Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 (GDC20), Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (GDC10), and Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC20) for application in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). The densification temperature for the three electrolytes was 554°C, 635°C, and 667°C, respectively, which is far below conventional sintering temperatures. All specimens after flash sintering maintained the pure fluorite structure and exhibited a well‐densified microstructure. To investigate the flash‐sintering mechanism, we have applied Joule heating effect with blackbody radiation theory, and found that this theory could reasonably interpret the flash‐sintering phenomenon by matching theoretically calculated temperature with the real temperature. More importantly, one of the materials inherent properties, the electronic conductivity, has been found correlated with the onset of flash sintering, which indicates that the electrons and holes are the primary current carriers during the start of flash‐sintering process. As a result, potential densification mechanisms have been discussed in terms of spark plasma discharge.
Chemical Vapor Synthesis of FeOx–BaTiO3 Nanocomposites
Authors: Mojić‐Lanté Bojana , Djenadic Ruzica , Chakravadhanula Venkata Sai Kiran , Kübel Christian , Srdić Vladimir V. , Hahn Horst 
Published: March 2015

Nanocomposite powders of FeOx–BaTiO3 (FO‐BTO) have been prepared by chemical vapor synthesis (CVS) in a single‐step process. The optimal parameters (reactor temperature, reactor length, precursor ratio) for the synthesis were investigated in an initial step for the individual systems, iron oxide (FO), and barium titanate (BTO); and in a second step optimized for the synthesis of the nanocomposites. The solid iron precursor was thermally evaporated, whereas the solid Ba‐ and Ti precursors were vaporized using laser flash evaporation to obtain ultrafine crystalline FO, BTO, and FO‐BTO nanoparticles. The possibility to influence the mass ratios of the two phases in FO‐BTO mixture by adjusting the ratio of the precursor in the two precursor delivery units has been investigated. The potential of CVS for the synthesis of nanocomposites containing iron oxide and barium titanate ultrafine crystalline nanopowders with particle size bellow 10 nm is demonstrated.
Al2O3 Colloidal Nanocrystals with Strong UV Emission
Authors: Gaeeni Mohammad Reza , Ghamsari Morteza Sasani , Majd Abadi Abbas , Majles Ara Mohammad Hossein , Han Wooje , Park Hyung‐Ho 
Published: March 2015

A facile sol–gel procedure has been developed for the synthesis of colloidal alumina nanocrystals. For the first time, optical characterization procedures were employed to study the quantum confinement effects in optical properties of the prepared Al2O3 sol. Accordingly, the hyperbolic band model was used to determine the optical band gap of colloidal alumina nanocrystals. X‐Ray diffraction pattern was used to study the crystallographic phase of the dried gel. Morphological characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopy was used to determination purity of the Al2O3 powder. High‐resolution TEM showed that the diameter of colloidal nanocrystals is about 10 nm. Photoluminescence spectroscopy demonstrated that quantum yields for colloidal nanocrystals are 68% with 300 nm excitation wavelength. The experimental observations confirm that highly stable alumina sol with strong UV emission was synthesized. The mentioned optical properties have not been reported before.
Selective targeting of bioengineered platelets to prostate cancer vasculature: new paradigm for therapeutic modalities
Authors: Montecinos Viviana P. , Morales Claudio H. , Fischer Thomas H. , Burns Sarah , San Francisco Ignacio F. , Godoy Alejandro S. , Smith Gary J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) provides palliation for most patients with advanced prostate cancer (CaP); however, greater than 80% subsequently fail ADT. ADT has been indicated to induce an acute but transient destabilization of the prostate vasculature in animal models and humans. Human re‐hydrated lyophilized platelets (hRL‐P) were investigated as a prototype for therapeutic agents designed to target selectively the tumour‐associated vasculature in CaP. The ability of hRL‐P to bind the perturbed endothelial cells was tested using thrombin‐ and ADP‐activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), as well as primary xenografts of human prostate tissue undergoing acute vascular involution in response to ADT. hRL‐P adhered to activated HUVEC in a dose‐responsive manner. Systemically administered hRL‐P, and hRL‐P loaded with super‐paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles, selectively targeted the ADT‐damaged human microvasculature in primary xenografts of human prostate tissue. This study demonstrated that hRL‐P pre‐loaded with chemo‐therapeutics or nanoparticles could provide a new paradigm for therapeutic modalities to prevent the rebound/increase in prostate vasculature after ADT, inhibiting the transition to castration‐recurrent growth.
Total and Differential White Blood Cell Counts in Late Life Predict 8‐Year Incident Stroke: The Honolulu Heart Program
Authors: Huh Ji Young , Ross George Webster , Chen Randi , Abbott Robert D. , Bell Christina , Willcox Bradley , Launer Lenore , Petrovitch Helen , Kaya Brock , Masaki Kamal 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesTo study the association between total and differential white blood cell (WBC) count and incident stroke in an older Asian population.DesignProspective population‐based study with 8 years of follow‐up.SettingThe Honolulu Heart Program, Oahu, Hawaii.ParticipantsJapanese‐American men aged 71 to 93 who were free of stroke and had baseline WBC counts measured in 1991–93 (N = 3,342).MeasurementsParticipants were divided into quartiles of total and differential WBC count for analysis and were followed for incident stroke (thromboembolic and hemorrhagic (hemorrhagic)) for 8 years using data from a comprehensive hospital surveillance system.ResultsAge‐adjusted incident stroke rates increased significantly with increasing WBC quartile (Q1, 7.68; Q2, 9.04; Q3, 9.26; Q4, 14.10 per 1,000 person‐years of follow‐up, P = .001). Hazard ratios (HRs) for stroke for each quartile of total and differential WBC count were obtained using Cox regression analysis, with the lowest quartile as the reference group. After full adjustment, including age; cardiovascular risk factors; fibrinogen; prevalent coronary heart disease, cancer, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug use, HRs were 1.62 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04–2.52, P = .03) in the highest quartile of total WBC and 2.19 (95% CI = 1.41–3.39, P < .001) in the highest quartile of neutrophil counts. Significant associations were also seen for thromboembolic but not for hemorrhagic strokes. No significant associations were found between lymphocyte or monocyte counts and incident stroke or subtypes.ConclusionIn elderly Japanese‐American men, higher total WBC and neutrophil counts were independent predictors of overall stroke, as well as thromboembolic stroke.
Symptoms and Characteristics of Individuals with Profound Hyponatremia: A Prospective Multicenter Observational Study
Authors: Nigro Nicole , Winzeler Bettina , Suter‐Widmer Isabelle , Schuetz Philipp , Arici Birsen , Bally Martina , Blum Claudine , Bingisser Roland , Bock Andreas , Huber Andreas , Müller Beat , Nickel Christian H. , Christ‐Crain Mirjam 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesTo assess symptoms and characteristics of hyponatremia, the most common electrolyte disturbance in hospitalized individuals and a condition that is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.DesignProspective observational multicenter study.SettingTwo Swiss academic centers.ParticipantsIndividuals with profound hypoosmolar hyponatremia (sodium <125 mmol/L) (N = 298).MeasurementsAll symptoms and complete medical history including current medications, therapy management, and in‐hospital outcomes were recorded.ResultsThe median age of all participants was 71 (interquartile range (IQR) 60–80), 195 (65%) were female, and mean serum sodium value on admission was 120 mmol/L (IQR 116–123 mmol/L). Frequent clinical symptoms were nausea (n = 130, 44%), acute vomiting (n = 91, 30%), generalized weakness (n = 205, 69%), fatigue (n = 175, 59%), gait disturbance (n = 92, 31%), recurrent falls (n = 47, 16%), and acute falls (n = 60, 20%). Fractures were reported in 11 participants (4%). More‐severe symptoms such as acute epileptic seizures and focal neurological deficits were identified in 16 (5%) and 17 (5%) participants, respectively. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (n = 199, 67%), congestive heart failure (n = 44, 15%), chronic renal failure (n = 64, 21%), pulmonary disease (82, 28%), and central nervous system disease (n = 114, 38%). During hospitalization, 12 (4%) participants died, and 103 (35%) needed treatment in the intensive care unit.ConclusionA wide spectrum of symptoms accompanies profound hyponatremia. Most participants had moderate symptoms mirroring chronic hyponatremia with brain cell adaptation. Participants with profound hyponatremia had several comorbidities.
Reconstruction of random heterogeneous media
Authors: BALLANI F. , STOYAN D. 
Published: March 2015

SUMMARYStochastic reconstruction is a technique to generate samples of random structures with prescribed distributional properties in the sense that certain of their statistical summary characteristics match target values or forms. This technique can be used to produce structures of any wanted size for further statistical analysis starting from small samples, which may be even only lower dimensional, for instance, when three‐dimensional imaging techniques are not available. In this review we explain the main ideas of stochastic reconstruction, concentrating on the most important case of digitized binary media and with a particular emphasis on stereological reconstruction.
Parenting Stress, Parental Reactions, and Externalizing Behavior From Ages 4 to 10
Authors: Mackler Jennifer S. , Kelleher Rachael T. , Shanahan Lilly , Calkins Susan D. , Keane Susan P. , O'Brien Marion 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe association between parenting stress and child externalizing behavior, and the mediating role of parenting, has yielded inconsistent findings; however, the literature has typically been cross‐sectional or unidirectional. In the current study, the authors examined the longitudinal transactions among parenting stress, perceived negative parental reactions, and child externalizing at 4, 5, 7, and 10 years old. Models examining parent effects (parenting stress to child behavior), child effects (externalizing to parental reactions and stress), indirect effects of parental reactions, and the transactional associations among all variables were compared. The transactional model best fit the data, and longitudinal reciprocal effects emerged between parenting stress and externalizing behavior. The mediating role of parental reactions was not supported; however, indirect effects suggest that parenting stress both is affected by and affects parent and child behavior. The complex associations among parent and child variables indicate the importance of interventions to improve the parent–child relationship and reducing parenting stress.
His, Her, or Their Divorce? Marital Dissolution and Sickness Absence in Norway
Authors: Dahl Svenn‐Åge , Hansen Hans‐Tore , Vignes Bo 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe authors analyzed the effects of marital dissolution on sickness absence and discussed the social role, crisis, and social selection models as well as the impact of gender and children. They used administrative data that covers the Norwegian population for the years 1992–2008 and panel methods to investigate lags and leads of the effects of divorce, controlling for time‐varying variables and time‐constant unobserved factors. The results revealed that 6 years before divorce, the sickness absence rate among divorced people was at a level similar to that among those who remained married. The sickness absence rate increased in the year preceding divorce, peaked in the year of divorce, and decreased in the following year, but not to the level before divorce. The authors found strong support for the social role model, and the results show that the gender–parenthood interaction is important. Limited support for the crisis and selection models was found.
Erectile Dysfunction Is Common among Men with Acromegaly and Is Associated with Morbidities Related to the Disease
Authors: Lotti Francesco , Rochira Vincenzo , Pivonello Rosario , Santi Daniele , Galdiero Mariano , Maseroli Elisa , Balestrieri Antonio , Faustini-Fustini Marco , Peri Alessandro , Sforza Alessandra , Colao Annamaria , Maggi Mario , Corona Giovanni 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Introduction
The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) and its correlates in men with acromegaly has never been investigated.

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate sexual function in men with acromegaly.

Methods
Multicenter-based, retrospective analysis of a nonselected series of 57 acromegalic subjects (mean age: 52.7 ± 14.2 years) was performed. Acromegalic subjects reporting ED (n = 24) were compared with matched ED patients without acromegaly or pituitary disease (controls), selected from a cohort of more than 4,000 subjects enrolled in the Florence Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit.

Main Outcome Measures
Patients were interviewed using Structured Interview on Erectile Dysfunction (SIEDY) structured interview, a 13-item tool for the assessment of ED-related morbidities. Several clinical and biochemical parameters were taken. Penile color Doppler ultrasound (PCDU) was performed in a subgroup of 37 acromegalic subjects.

Results
ED was reported by 42.1% of acromegalic subjects. After adjusting for age and testosterone, acromegalic subjects with ED had a higher prevalence of hypertension and more often reported an impairment of sleep-related erections and a longer smoking habit. Accordingly, acromegaly-associated ED was characterized by a higher organic component and worse PCDU parameters. No relationship between ED and testosterone levels or other acromegaly-related parameters was found. However, acromegalic subjects with severe ED reported a longer disease duration. In a case-control analysis, comparing acromegalic subjects with ED-matched controls free from acromegaly (1:5 ratio), acromegalic men had a worse ED problem and a higher organic component of ED, as derived from SIEDY score. In line with these data, acromegalic patients with ED had a higher prevalence of major adverse cardiovascular events history at enrollment and lower PCDU parameters.

Conclusions
Subjects with complicated acromegaly are at an increased risk of developing ED, especially those with cardiovascular morbidities. Our data suggest including a sexual function evaluation in routine acromegaly follow-up.
Efficacy of Once-Daily Administration of Udenafil for 24 Weeks on Erectile Dysfunction: Results from a Randomized Multicenter Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Moon Ki Hak , Ko Young Hwii , Kim Sae Woong , Moon Du Geon , Kim Je Jong , Park Nam Cheol , Lee Sung Won , Paick Jae-Seung , Ahn Tae Young , Chung Woo Sik , Min Kwon Sik , Park Jong Kwan , Yang Dae Yul , Park Kwangsung 
Published: March 2015

Abstract

Introduction
The method of administration of oral phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors has been expanded to once-daily repeated administration with lower initial dosage than on-demand administration.

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-daily udenafil as a treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) for intermediate-term period.

Methods
This multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trial included 346 ED patients (placebo, udenafil 50 mg, udenafil 75 mg). Subjects were treated with each medication once daily for 24 weeks.

Main Outcome Measures
Subjects were asked to complete the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-erectile function (EF) domain at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks and the development of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) was inspected.

Results
Both dosages of udenafil induced a significant increase in IIEF-EF compared with placebo at both 12 and 24 weeks. When patients were divided according to the severity of baseline EF score, significant improvement was observed only with udenafil 75 mg regardless of the degree of ED. At 24 weeks, the proportions of patients who reported a return to normal EF (IIEF-EF over 26) were 39.1% for udenafil 50 mg and 47.0% for udenafil 75 mg. In terms of safety, ADRs were observed in 6.1%, 12.9%, and 17.9% for placebo, udenafil 50 mg, and 75 mg, respectively. Although a statistically higher rate of ADRs was observed in the udenafil 75 mg group (P = 0.024), the majority were mild and recovered without treatment.

Conclusions
Once-daily administration of udenafil 50 mg and 75 mg for 24 weeks resulted in improvement of EF. In particular, udenafil 75 mg improves EF regardless of the baseline degree of ED.
Diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis using a metal oxide-based electronic nose
Authors: Cho Y.S. , Jung S.C. , Oh S. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Electronic noses (e-noses) have been used for environmental monitoring, standardization of medicinal flavourings, food safety tests and diagnosis of infectious diseases based on the statistical analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is officially diagnosed using the intradermal skin test (IST), which is time-consuming and labour-intensive. Therefore, a more convenient and rapid test with greater sensitivity would be advantageous as prescreening test. In this study, we used a metal oxide sensor (MOS) type e-nose to analyse VOCs in a bTB-infected (n =11) and bTB-free (n =10) sera, from cattle whose health status was confirmed using the IST, and pathological and bacteriological examinations. The differences in VOCs from bTB-infected and bTB-free sera detected by the e-nose were statistically analysed using principal components and discriminant factor analyses. bTB-infected and bTB-free sera could be discriminated by MOS type e-nose, and analysing time per sample was only 20 min. VOC analysis using a MOS e-nose was a rapid and automated prescreening method to diagnose bTB, and can be used to select bTB-suspect cattle for IST confirmation. Further studies are required to estimate test sensitivity and specificity.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle is diagnosed using the intradermal skin test (IST); however, this method is very time-consuming and labour-intensive. We analysed volatile organic compounds that are obtained from serum using a metal oxide sensor type of electronic nose to discriminate between TB-infected and TB-free sera. This simple and automated technique will be useful to prescreen bTB-suspects and reduce the time and labour required to perform the IST.
Response of three krill species to hypoxia and warming: an experimental approach to oxygen minimum zones expansion in coastal ecosystems
Authors: Tremblay Nelly , Abele Doris 
Published: March 2015

AbstractTo understand the adaptation of euphausiid (krill) species to oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), respiratory response and stress experiments combining hypoxia‐reoxygenation exposure with warming were conducted. Experimental krill species were obtained from the Antarctic (South Georgia area), the Humboldt Current System (HCS, Chilean coast) and the Northern California Current System (NCCS, Oregon).Euphausia mucronatafrom theHCSshowed oxyconformingpO2‐dependent respiration below 80% air saturation (18 kPa). Normoxic subsurface oxygenation in winter posed a ‘high oxygen stress’ for this species. TheNCCSkrill,Euphausia pacifica, and the Antarctic krill,Euphausia superba, maintained respiration rates constant down to low criticalpO2values of 6 kPa (30% air saturation) and 11 kPa (55% air saturation), respectively. Antarctic krill had low antioxidant enzyme activities, but high concentrations of the molecular antioxidant glutathione (GSH) and was not lethally affected by 6 h exposure to moderate hypoxia. The temperate krill species (E. pacifica) had higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) values in winter than in summer, which relates to a higher winter metabolic rate. In all species, antioxidant enzyme activities remained constant during hypoxic exposure at the typical temperature for their habitat. Warming by 7 °C above habitat temperature in summer increasedSODactivities andGSHlevels inE. mucronata(HCS), but no oxidative damage occurred. In winter, when theNCCSis well mixed and theOMZis deeper, +4 °C of warming combined with hypoxia represents a lethal condition forE. pacifica. In summer, when theOMZexpands upwards (100 m subsurface), antioxidant defences counteracted hypoxia and reoxygenation effects inE. pacifica, but only at mildly elevated temperature (+2 °C). In this season, experimental warming by +4 °C reduced antioxidant activities and the combination of warming with hypoxia again caused mortality of exposed specimens. We conclude that a climate change scenario combining warming and hypoxia represents a serious threat toE. pacificaand, as a consequence,NCCSfood webs.