bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A long‐term study of stable isotope ratios of fingernail keratin and amino acids in a mother–infant dyad
Authors: Harris Alison J. T. , Santos Guaciara M. , Malone Kaelyn O. , Van Der Meer Marcel T. J. , Riekenberg Philip , Fernandes Ricardo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the potential of compound‐specific isotope analysis of amino acids (CSIA‐AA) for investigating infant feeding practices, we conducted a long‐term study that compared infant and maternal amino acid (AA) nitrogen isotope ratios.Materials and MethodsFingernail samples were collected from a single mother–infant dyad over 19 months postpartum. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios were measured in the bulk keratin of the fingernail samples. Selected samples were then hydrolyzed and derivatized for compound‐specific nitrogen isotope analysis of keratin AAs.ResultsAs in previous studies, infant bulk keratin nitrogen isotope values increased during exclusive breastfeeding and fell with the introduction of complementary foods and eventual cessation of breastfeeding. Infant trophic AAs had elevated nitrogen isotope values relative to the mother, while the source AAs were similar between the mother and infant. Proline and threonine appeared to track the presence of human milk in the infant's diet as the isotopic composition of these AAs remained offset from maternal isotope values until the cessation of breastfeeding.DiscussionAlthough CSIA‐AA is costly and labor intensive, it appears to hold potential for estimating the duration of breastfeeding, even after the introduction of complementary foods. Through the analysis of a full suite of AAs, it may also yield insights into infant physiology and AA synthesis.
Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting with a Solar‐to‐Hydrogen Conversion Efficiency Exceeding 2 % through Halide Perovskite
Authors: Fu Hui , Zhang Qianqian , Liu Yuanyuan , Zheng Zhaoke , Cheng Hefeng , Huang Baibiao , Wang Peng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic water splitting using semiconductors is a promising approach for converting solar energy to clean energy. However, challenges such as sluggish water oxidation kinetics and limited light absorption of photocatalyst cause low solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion efficiency (STH). Herein, we develop a photocatalytic overall water splitting system using I3−/I− as the shuttle redox couple to bridge the H2‐producing half‐reaction with the O2‐producing half‐reaction. The system uses the halide perovskite of benzylammonium lead iodide (PMA2PbI4, PMA=C6H5CH2NH2) loaded with MoS2 (PMA2PbI4/MoS2) as the H2 evolution photocatalyst, and the RuOx‐loaded WO3 (WO3/RuOx) as the O2 evolution photocatalyst, achieving a H2/O2 production in stoichiometric ratio with an excellent STH of 2.07 %. This work provides a detour route for photocatalytic water splitting with the help of I3−/I− shuttle redox couple in the halide perovskite HI splitting system and enlightens one to integrate and utilize multi catalytic strategies for solar‐driven water splitting.
Time‐Dependent Color‐Changing Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence Materials with Mutual Achievement between Guest and Host Molecules
Authors: Liu Miaochang , Huang Huaiying , Qiu Xiaoyu , Dai Wenbo , Lei Yunxiang , Ding Qiuping , Guan Yan , Huang Xiaobo , Wu Huayue 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHost‐guest doping strategy has gradually become the mainstream in constructing organic room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials. The two‐component doped system typically emits monochromatic phosphorescence dominated by the guest molecule, which also means that the intrinsic phosphorescence emission of the host molecule is not well utilized. In this work, a time‐dependent color‐changing RTP material is constructed based on host‐guest doped system, in which the initial yellow phosphorescence stems from the isoquinoline‐pyrazole guest and the final cyan phosphorescence originates from the intrinsic emission of the polymer host. The phenomenon of the strong interaction between host and guest molecules leading to their respective intrinsic phosphorescence provides new design inspiration for designing and developing two‐component doped materials with RTP properties of color variation over time.
On the informative value of community‐based indoor radon values in relation to lung cancer
Authors: Rosenberger Albert , Bickeböller Heike , Christiani David C. , Liu Geoffrey , Schabath Matthew B. , Duarte Luisa F. , Le Marchand Loic , Haiman Christopher , Landi Teresa , Consonni Dario , Field John K. , Davies Michael P. A. , Albanes Demetrios , Tardón Adonina , Fernández‐Tardón Guillermo , Rennert Gad , Amos Christopher I. , Hung Rayjean J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundRadon is a radioactive gas and a major risk factor for lung cancer (LC).MethodsWe investigated the dose–response relationship between radon and LC risk in the International Lung Cancer Consortium with 8927 cases and 5562 controls from Europe, North America, and Israel, conducted between 1992 and 2016. Spatial indoor radon exposure in the residential area (sIR) obtained from national surveys was linked to the participants' residential geolocation. Parametric linear and spline functions were fitted within a logistic regression framework.ResultsWe observed a non‐linear spatial‐dose response relationship for sIR < 200 Bq/m3. The lowest risk was observed for areas of mean exposure of 58 Bq/m3 (95% CI: 56.1–59.2 Bq/m3). The relative risk of lung cancer increased to the same degree in areas averaging 25 Bq/m3 (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.01–1.59) as in areas with a mean of 100 Bq/m3 (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.20–1.45). The strongest association was observed for small cell lung cancer and the weakest for squamous cell carcinoma. A stronger association was also observed in men, but only at higher exposure levels. The non‐linear association is primarily observed among the younger population (age < 69 years), but not in the older population, which can potentially represent different biological radiation responses.ConclusionsThe sIR is useful as proxy of individual radon exposure in epidemiological studies on lung cancer. The usual assumption of a linear, no‐threshold dose–response relationship, as can be made for individual radon exposures, may not be optimal for sIR values of less than 200 Bq/m3.
Factors associated with deferral or non‐performance of an organized breast cancer screening program during the COVID‐19 pandemic in France
Authors: Stephanopoli Jean Papadacci , Bouazzi Leila , Guerbaz‐Sommi Myriam , Graesslin Olivier , Hurtaud Aline , Ilardo Salvatore , Chrusciel Jan , Barbaret Cécile , Bertrand Camille , Sanchez Stéphane 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDelays in detection and treatment of breast cancer can lead to increased mortality. To date, participation in organized breast cancer screenings (OBCS) has been suboptimal worldwide. The objective of this study was to investigate the factors associated with deferral or non‐performance of mammography during the COVID‐19 pandemic for women who had previously participated in OBCS.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted on a cohort of 6282 women from the Aube Department of France, who were invited to an OBCS in 2020. Participants were divided into women who promptly underwent screening after receiving an invitation (between 22 and 25 months elapsed since the last mammogram), women who underwent late screening (≥26 months since the last mammogram), and those who were never screened. Data were collected from a self‐reported questionnaire. Comparative and multivariable analyses modeling the probability of each type of attendance were performed using these data.ResultsIn total, 2301 women (aged 50–74 years) returned a valid questionnaire. Compared to women who promptly underwent mammography, non‐ and late‐screening participants were younger, had less frequent gynecological follow‐up and a less frequent history of colorectal cancer screening. Women with higher education status and those residing in socially disadvantaged areas were more likely to attend late.ConclusionThe absence of regular gynecological follow‐up and the absence of colorectal cancer screening were significant factors associated with deferral of or non‐attendance at OBCS.
Design, Synthesis, and Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor‐1α Inhibitory Activity Evaluation of Panaxadiol Derivatives Containing a Thiazole Moiety
Authors: Ma Xin‐Yu , Li Ming‐Yue , Jin Kai‐Han , Han Zhen‐Yuan , Gao Yuan‐Liang , Jin Xue‐Jun , Zhao Yu‐Qing , Piao Hu‐Ri 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) pathway has been implicated in tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. Therefore, the inhibition of this pathway is an important therapeutic target for cancer. Thiazole derivatives have been reported to have diverse biological activities, especially in terms of anti‐tumor. Consequently, we hypothesized that the introduction of a thiazole functional group in PD was likely to improve the biological potency. Here, three series of PD derivatives containing a thiazole moiety were synthesized, including (a) sulfonyl‐containing thiazole derivatives (5 a–l), (b) urea‐containing thiazole derivatives (7 a–i), and (c) thiourea‐containing thiazole derivatives (9 a–i), and evaluated for HIF‐1α inhibitory activity using a Hep3B cell‐based luciferase reporter assay. The results showed that about 1/3 of the target compounds showed moderate or strong HIF‐1α inhibitory activity, among which compounds 5 d and 7 b showed the strongest inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 17.37 and 6.42 μM, respectively, and did not show any significant cytotoxicity. Western blot assay results indicated that these two compounds exhibited more potent inhibition, compared with panaxadiol, of the expression of HIF‐1α protein in Hep3B cells at a concentration of 50 μM. Molecular docking experiments were also performed to investigate the structure–activity relationship. Compounds 5 d and 7 b can be used as leads for further study and development of novel antitumor drugs.
Operando Surface X‐Ray Diffraction Studies of Epitaxial Co3O4 and CoOOH Thin Films During Oxygen Evolution: pH Dependence
Authors: Qiu Canrong , Maroun Fouad , Bouvier Mathilde , Pacheco Ivan , Allongue Philippe , Wiegmann Tim , Hendric Scharf Carl , de Manuel‐Gonzalez Victor , Reikowski Finn , Stettner Jochim , Magnussen Olaf M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTransition metal oxides, especially cobalt oxides and hydroxides, are of great interest as precious metal free electrode materials for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in electrochemical and photoelectrochemical water splitting. Here, we present detailed studies of the potential‐ and pH‐dependent structure and structural stability of Co3O4 and CoOOH in neutral to alkaline electrolytes (pH 7 to 13), using operando surface X‐ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and electrochemical measurements. The experiments cover the pre‐OER and OER range and were performed on epitaxial Co3O4(111) and CoOOH(001) films electrodeposited on Au(111) single crystal electrodes. The CoOOH films were structurally perfectly stable under all experimental conditions, whereas Co3O4 films exhibit at all pH values reversible potential‐dependent structural transformations of a sub‐nanometer thick skin layer region at the oxide surface, as reported previously for pH 13 (F. Reikowski et al., ACS Catal. 2019, 9, 3811). The intrinsic OER activity at 1.65 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode decreases strongly with decreasing pH, indicating a reaction order of 0.2 with respect to [OH−]. While the Co3O4 spinel is stable at pH 13, intermittent exposure to electrolytes with pH≤10 results in dissolution as well as gradual degradation of its OER activity in subsequent measurements at pH 13.
Revisiting Echocardiographic Ranges of Left Ventricular End‐Diastolic Volume Index: An Analysis of the Discrepancies Between the 2006 and the 2015 Recommendation for Chamber Quantification Guidelines
Authors: Fallahtafti Parisa , Bahramrafiee Reza , Sattarzadeh Badkoubeh Roya , Sardari Akram , Eftekhari Mohammad Reza , Geraiely Babak , Larti Farnoosh 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIndexed left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (LVEDVi) is a left ventricle (LV) size marker. The “Recommendations for Chamber Quantification” guideline was published in 2006 and updated in 2015. Although the previous guideline maintained uniform cutoff points for both men and women, the latest revision introduced new thresholds that vary between genders. We evaluated the extent of change in labeled indexed LV diastolic volumes in men and women following the adoption of the 2015 guideline.MethodsData were extracted from a web‐based registry from March 2020 to October 2022. LV indexed volume variables were categorized on the basis of the 2006 and 2015 guidelines.ResultsAmong the 7598 individuals, the classification of LVEDVi differed in 910 (12.0%) individuals. In 213 (5.5%) female subjects, substantial reclassification (i.e., transitioning from normal to moderate LV enlargement to mild to severe LV enlargement) occurred on the basis of the 2015 guideline. All females classified as having moderately abnormal LVEDVi according to the 2006 guideline were reclassified as having severely abnormal LVEDVi according to the 2015 guideline. Age, LV ejection fraction (LVEF), and significant aortic regurgitation (AR) were common factors contributing to the observed discrepancy in both men and women. Significant mitral regurgitation (MR) and regional or global motion abnormality were correlated with the reclassification of LVEDVi to higher abnormal partitions only in women.ConclusionThe observed disparities underscore the importance of ongoing dedicated research to reassess the range of indexed echocardiographic parameters, considering various outcomes and differences in countries.
A distributed memory parallel randomized Kaczmarz for sparse system of equations
Authors: Bölükbaşı Ercan Selçuk , Torun Fahreddin Şükrü , Manguoğlu Murat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractKaczmarz algorithm is an iterative projection method for solving system of linear equations that arise in science and engineering problems in various application domains. In addition to classical Kaczmarz, there are randomized and parallel variants. The main challenge of the parallel implementation is the dependency of each Kaczmarz iteration on its predecessor. Because of this dependency, frequent communication is required which results in a substantial overhead. In this study, a new distributed parallel method that reduces the communication overhead is proposed. The proposed method partitions the problem so that the Kaczmarz iterations on different blocks are less dependent. A frequency parameter is introduced to see the effect of communication frequency on the performance. The communication overhead is also decreased by allowing communication between processes only if they have shared non‐zero columns. The experiments are performed using problems from various domains to compare the effects of different partitioning methods on the communication overhead and performance. Finally, parallel speedups of the proposed method on larger problems are presented.
Advances in understanding the immunity of the brain and its borders: Focus on brain macrophages
Authors: Süß Patrick , Diebold Martin , Sankowski Roman 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA recent study outlines the phenotypes of brain border region macrophages in developing, normal and glioblastoma‐affected brains. For the first time, the authors show in‐vivo turnover of human brain border macrophages. The findings have implications for the understanding of brain border immunity and potential macrophage targeting therapies.keypoints
Human border region macrophages are distinct from microglia.
These distinct phenotypes are established early during embryonal development ‐ Brain border macrophages are partially replaced by bone marrow‐derived myeloid cells.
The transcriptional phenotypes of glioblastoma‐associated macrophage are determined by the anatomical region.
Sex‐Specific Impacts of Early Life Sleep Disruption: Ethanol Seeking, Social Interaction, and Anxiety Are Differentially Altered in Adolescent Prairie Voles
Authors: Ginder Darren E. , Tinsley Carolyn E. , Kaiser Mara E. , Lim Miranda M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTEarly life sleep is important for neuronal development. Using the highly social prairie vole rodent model, we have previously reported that early life sleep disruption (ELSD) during the preweaning period results in interference with social bonding and increases ethanol consumption following a stressor in adulthood. Furthermore, ELSD increases parvalbumin expression and reduces glutamatergic neurotransmission in cortical regions in adult prairie voles. To understand the impact of ELSD on the lifespan, an examination of an earlier time in life is necessary. The aim of the present study was to examine behavioral outcomes of ELSD on adolescent prairie voles. Given the known effects of ELSD on development of neuronal systems involved in mood and social motivation, we hypothesized that anxiety, risk, and reward‐related behaviors would be impacted by ELSD in adolescent prairie voles. We report that both male and female adolescent prairie voles that experienced ELSD showed heightened anxiety‐like behavior compared to age‐matched controls (CONs) as measured by a light–dark box. Additionally, both male and female ELSD voles showed reductions in both ethanol preference and consumption, and affiliative behavior compared to CONs. These results suggest that adolescent prairie voles of both sexes experience heightened anxiety‐like behavior and reduced reward‐seeking behaviors after ELSD. These results further suggest that early life sleep is critically important for neurotypical behaviors in adolescence.
Context specific effects of substrate composition on the taxonomic and functional diversity of macroinvertebrate communities in temperate lowland streams
Authors: Mathers Kate L. , Armitage Patrick D. , Hill Matthew , Bickerton Melanie , Mckenzie Morwenna , Pardo Isabel , Tickner David , Wood Paul J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSubstrate composition has been widely recognised as a primary variable shaping lotic macroinvertebrate communities at the habitat unit level. However, fundamental understanding of how communities inhabiting mineralogical habitats (i.e., gravel, sand and silt) are structured across differing rivers is lacking. Moreover, research largely focusses on gravel beds and fine sediment in general (<2 mm) and as a result detailed field observations specifically of the sand and silt fractions are lacking. Using data from five UK streams collated from published studies, we assess taxonomic and functional biodiversity (alpha and beta diversity) at the habitat unit level (as defined by substrate composition of sand, silt and gravel). We found that the composition of taxonomic communities were clearly different in all habitat units for each individual stream (and at the landscape scale), with comparable, but less strong, distinctions between substrates for functional macroinvertebrate community composition. However, alpha diversity metrics and Local Contribution to Beta Diversity (LCBD) recorded among the different habitat units varied significantly across individual rivers, and the amount of variation explained by the habitat unit for taxonomic and functional composition demonstrated considerable differences suggesting strong context dependence. The depositional fine sediment habitats of sand and silt were found to support a discrete community composition and differing levels of alpha and beta diversity within and between rivers. We advocate that care should be taken when seeking to generalise biodiversity patterns at a landscape scale as our study highlights the high degree of context dependency when considering the role of the habitat template. Moreover, our results provide evidence that discriminating between the size fractions of fine sediment habitats (sand or silt) is important to fully elucidate the wider ecological importance of these habitats and the distinct taxonomic and functional biodiversity they support.
Chloroplast capture and range extension after hybridization in taro (Colocasia esculenta)
Authors: Matthews P. J. , Hossain M. A. , Sookchaloem D. , Nguyen V. D. , Wong S. Y. , Joling J. , Schranz M. E. , Bakker F. T. , Tabuchi E. , Ahmed I. , Hay A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractComplete chloroplast genomes of 17 samples from six species of Colocasia (Araceae) were sequenced, assembled, and aligned together with two previously reported complete genome sequences from taro (Colocasia esculenta). Analysis provides a well‐supported phylogenetic tree for taro and closely‐related wild Colocasia species in Southeast Asia. Two chloroplast lineages (CI and CII) form a well‐defined haplotype group and are found in cultivated taros known as var. esculenta (dasheen, CI), var. antiquorum (eddoe, CII), and in a widespread, commensal wild form known as var. aquatilis (CI). A third lineage (CIII) is also found in wild taros known as var. aquatilis and in the wild species C. lihengiae, C. formosana, and C. spongifolia. We suggest three different scenarios to explain the grouping of CIII wild taros (C. esculenta) with other wild Colocasia species. Chloroplast lineages CI and CIII in C. esculenta and an unknown parent species may be involved in an as yet undated history of hybridization, chloroplast capture, and range extension. Substantial taxonomic revision may be needed for C. esculenta after further studies of morphological and genetic diversity within the crop, in wild populations, and in closely related wild species. The results also point to the Bengal delta as a region of key interest for future research on the origins of tropical wetland taros.
In the heat of the moment: Including realistic thermal fluctuations results in dramatically altered key population parameters
Authors: Boerlijst Sam P. , Boelee Eline , van Bodegom Peter M. , Schrama Maarten 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTemperature is commonly acknowledged as one of the primary forces driving ectotherm vector populations, most notably by influencing metabolic rates and survival. Although numerous experiments have shown this for a wide variety of organisms, the vast majority has been conducted at constant temperatures and changes therein, while temperature is far from constant in nature, and includes seasonal and diurnal cycles. As fluctuating temperatures have been described to affect metabolic processes at (sub)cellular level, this calls for studies evaluating the relative importance of temperature fluctuations and the changes therein. To gain insight in the effects of temperature fluctuations on ectotherm development, survival, and sex ratio, we developed an inexpensive, easily reproducible, and open‐source, Arduino‐based temperature control system, which emulates natural sinusoidal fluctuations around the average temperature. We used this novel setup to compare the effects of constant (mean) temperatures, most commonly used in experiments, block schemes, and natural sinusoidal fluctuations as well as an extreme variant with twice its amplitude using the cosmopolitan mosquito species Culex pipiens s.l. as a study organism. Our system accurately replicated the preprogrammed temperature treatments under outdoor conditions, even more accurately than traditional methods. While no effects were detected on survival and sex ratio within the ranges of variation evaluated, development was sped up considerably by including temperature fluctuations, especially during pupation, where development under constant temperatures took almost a week (30%) longer than under natural fluctuations. Doubling the amplitude further decreased development time by 1.5 days. These results highlight the importance of including (natural) oscillations in experiments on ectotherm organisms – both aquatic and terrestrial – that use temperature as a variable. Ultimately, these results have major repercussions for downstream effects at larger scales that may be studied with applications such as ecological niche models, disease risk models, and assessing ecosystem services that rely on ectotherm organisms.