bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Yolk–Shell ZnCo2S4 Nanoparticles for Enhanced Supercapacitor Performance: Failure Mechanism Analysis and Material Design
Authors: Hsiang Hsing‐I , Chang Ming‐Hao , Chung Sheng‐Heng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTernary metal sulfides hold the potential to deliver electrochemical supercapacitors with theoretically high power and energy densities, as well as an extended cycle life. However, the novel bimetallic ternary metal sulfides suffer from rapid loss of their specific capacitance and poor cycle life because their electrochemical reactions involve multiple redox steps, volume expansion, and irreversible structural changes. Thus, understanding the failure mechanisms in terms of the material chemistry is important for designing novel energy materials with high electrochemical stability during long‐term cycling. In this study, yolk–shell ZnCo2S4 (ZCS) nanoparticles are synthesized and modified with either a carbon shell (ZCS@C) or a polypyrrole (PPy) coating (ZCS@PPy) to explore the failure mechanism of yolk–shell ZCS nanoparticles via the decomposition of their shells. The optimal ZCS@C addresses these issues, producing high capacitance (171 F g−1 at 2 A g−1) with high retention (78 % after 5,000 cycles). Therefore, we comprehensively report this investigation on the effects of the physical chemistry and electrochemistry of ZCS materials on the performance of electrochemical supercapacitors, aiming to design ZCS@C electrochemical materials that effectively address the proposed failure mechanisms.
State LGBTQ policy environments and the cancer burden in sexual and gender minoritized communities in the United States
Authors: Weideman Ben C. D. , McAlpine Donna 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeOur objective was to assess the association between state policies related to sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) and cancer prevalence and survivorship indicators in a sexual and gender minoritized (SGM) population in the United States.MethodsData from the 2017–2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to measure cancer diagnosis, physical and mental health, and substance use for SGM adult cancer survivors. A state policy Z‐score, ranging from most restrictive to most protective state policies related to SOGI, was computed from data available from the Movement Advancement Project. Survey‐weighted logistic regression was used to test the relationship between state policies and cancer‐related outcomes for SGM people.ResultsMore protective state policies were associated with lower odds of a cancer diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87–0.97). Among SGM cancer survivors, increasing protective state policies were associated with lower odds of poor physical health (AOR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.74–0.94), lower odds of difficulty walking or climbing stairs (AOR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.80–1.00), and lower odds of difficulty concentrating or remembering (AOR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78–0.98). No significant associations were found between state policies and mental health, depression, substance use, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease among SGM cancer survivors.ConclusionSGM people diagnosed with cancer are more likely to live in restrictive policy states, and survivors in those states have worse physical health and cognitive disability. Additional research should investigate potential causal relationships between state policies and SGM cancer outcomes.
GC‐MS Assisted Determination of 26 Compounds in Phlomis Stewartii Extract Exhibiting Antioxidant, Antifungal, and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Farooq Aroosa , Ali Samar , Ullah Hamid , Khan Anwar , Nawaz Faheem , Farooq Samra , Sarwar Aziza , Ali Saqib , Khan Dilfaraz , Ullah Riffat , Iqbal Shazia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMedicinal plants have long been studied for their therapeutic benifits. The present research aims to unveil complex phytochemical profile and therapeutic properties of ethyl acetate fraction of Phlomis stewartii, an important medicinal plant. In this context, the Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis of the fraction identified 26 compounds. Additionally, the fraction exhibited concentration dependent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value lower than the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene. The antifungal activity of the fraction examined against F. oxysporum, A. alternate, and R. solani resulted in almost complete inhibition (>90 %) of fungal growth. Furthermore, the fraction exhibited significant antibacterial potential against B. subtilus, S. aureus, E. coli, and S. dysenteriae, with inhibition zones of 18±0.22, 17±0.22, 12±0.11, and 10±0.12, respectively. Briefly, the plant extract was found to be highly potent, particularly in its antifungal action. Further studies, including natural products isolation coupled with bioassays, are recommended for promising drug candidates discovery.
Exploring the Exo‐Metabolomes and Volatile and Non‐Volatile Compounds of Metarhizium Carneum and Lecanicillium Uredinophilum
Authors: Gamboa‐Becerra Roberto , Monribot‐Villanueva Juan L. , Carrión Gloria , Guerrero‐Analco José A. , Desgarennes Damaris 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEfforts are intensifying to identify bioactive microbial metabolites from biocontrol agents to manage plant pathogens in critical crops. This study examined both volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and non‐volatile compounds from Metarhizium carneum and Lecanicillium uredinophilum strains for their antimicrobial effects against various phytopathogens and analyzed their exo‐metabolomes. M. carneum VOCs inhibited four bacterial and eight fungal species by up to 45.45 %, while L. uredinophilum VOCs inhibited five bacterial and eight fungal species by up to 50.91 %. Additionally, n‐BuOH extracts from both biocontrol agents effectively targeted three fungi and five bacteria. The exo‐metabolomes of M. carneum and L. uredinophilum included 125 and 102 spectrometric features, respectively, primarily consisting of polyketides, alkaloids, lipids, organic aromatic compounds, terpenoids, and peptides. Our findings revealed a correlation between the phylogenetic relationships of M. carneum strains, their bioactivity patterns against phytopathogens, and their metabolomic profiles. Notably, some compounds detected in both fungi previously demonstrated biological activity against plant pathogens, enhancing their biocontrol potential. This study not only evidences the antimicrobial properties of diffusible compounds from M. carneum and L. uredinophilum, but also documents the antimicrobial potential of their VOCs for the first time, supporting their use in sustainable agricultural practices, reducing reliance on chemical inputs.
Incidence and predictors of vascular complications following transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A comparison of the MANTA and suture‐based vascular closure devices
Authors: Sehgal Kartik , Butala Anant D. , Stub Dion , Palmer Sonny , Noaman Samer , Haji Kawa , Htun Nay , Johnston Rozanne , Walton Antony , Nanayakkara Shane 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundVascular complications post‐transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are common. Recent data regarding predictors of vascular complications are limited, particularly comparing newer plug‐based devices versus traditional suture‐based vascular closure devices (VCD).AimThe primary objective was to identify characteristics that predict a higher risk of vascular complications in TAVI patients, as judged by the VARC‐3 criteria, specifically comparing risk factors between suture‐based vs MANTA device closure.MethodsRetrospective analysis of patients who underwent TAVI between December 2019 and September 2023 was performed. Logistic regression and propensity score matching was performed to ascertain risk factors for vascular complications post‐TAVI.ResultsOf the 1763 patients, there were 106 vascular complications (6%). There was a nonsignificant increased complication rate in MANTA vs suture‐based device closure (8.3% vs 5.3%, p = 0.064). Among these, the most common complications were VCD failure (23%), pseudoaneurysm (20%) and arterial dissection (19%). Obesity (p = 0.021), anemia (p = 0.039) and MANTA device use (p = 0.027) were predictors of vascular complications. Within the MANTA cohort, novel oral anticoagulant (NOAC) use was predictive of vascular complications (p = 0.002). Among suture‐based devices, obesity (p = 0.037) and anaemia (p = 0.017) were significant predictors. A propensity matched analysis derived 90 pairs of patients matched for age, gender, diabetes, peripheral arterial disease, NOAC use, anemia and obesity, identifying an average treatment effect of 0.039 (p = 0.04) when MANTA device closure was performed.ConclusionVascular complications in TAVI remain common. Identifying predictors such as MANTA device closure, obesity, anemia, and baseline NOAC use will allow for improved risk stratification and appropriate VCD selection in patients undergoing TAVI.
S‐acylation of Ca2+ transport proteins in cancer
Authors: Kouba Sana , Demaurex Nicolas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAlterations in cellular calcium (Ca2+) signals have been causally associated with the development and progression of human cancers. Cellular Ca2+ signals are generated by channels, pumps, and exchangers that move Ca2+ ions across membranes and are decoded by effector proteins in the cytosol or in organelles. S‐acylation, the reversible addition of 16‐carbon fatty acids to proteins, modulates the activity of Ca2+ transporters by altering their affinity for lipids, and enzymes mediating this reversible post‐translational modification have also been linked to several types of cancers. Here, we compile studies reporting an association between Ca2+ transporters or S‐acylation enzymes with specific cancers, as well as studies reporting or predicting the S‐acylation of Ca2+ transporters. We then discuss the potential role of S‐acylation in the oncogenic potential of a subset of Ca2+ transport proteins involved in cancer.
Metal‐Free Diversification of Unprotected Amino Acid Drugs via Tandem Reaction of 2‐(2‐oxo‐2‐aryl/alkylethyl)benzonitrile in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Sharma Himanshi , Kumar Manoj , Raj Bhatt Padam , Singh Priyamvada , Rathi Brijesh 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHerein, we report an efficient strategy towards the synthesis of amino acid substituted isoquinoline derivatives via reaction of unprotected amino acid/amino acid ester/amino acid based drugs with 2‐(2‐oxo‐2‐aryl/alkylethyl)benzonitrile under metal‐free conditions. The developed protocol is highly simple and shows functional group tolerance to provide corresponding novel amino acid substituted isoquinolines in aqueous medium. The applicability of the reaction is an easier modification of well‐known drugs and successfully extended to gram‐scale synthesis.
Review on Catalytic Meinwald Rearrangement of Epoxides
Authors: Zhang Yulong , Hu Bowen , Chen Yushuang , Wang Zhen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe past few decades have witnessed tremendous development within epoxides. Among the many known reactions involving epoxide, Meinwald rearrangements represent one of the most important and attractive approaches, which can transform epoxides into versatile carbonyl compounds. Given the high efficiency of this protocol, substantial efforts have been made by researchers by utilizing multiple catalyst systems. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the Meinwald rearrangement (from 2014 onward), along with detailed discussions on mechanistic insights. This review aims to highlight the importance and value of these methodologies, thereby promoting further investigation and application.
Deracemization of Sulfoxides Combining Electrocatalysis and Biocatalysis
Authors: Duan Xinyu , Cui Dong , Wang Mengdi , Tian Yifan , Shi Jianan , Wu Yixue , Liu Shuang , Zhu Zejie , Xu Jian 
Published: August 2024

Comprehensive SummaryThe concurrent implementation of cascade reactions that combine biocatalysis and chemocatalysis is a challenging undertaking. Electrocatalysis provides versatile catalytic abilities and allows for mild reaction conditions, offering the potential for designing concurrent chemoenzymatic cascade reactions. The research on bioelectrocatalysis has primarily concentrated on utilizing electrocatalysis to achieve cofactor regeneration of enzymes. In contrast with previous reports, herein, we developed a deracemization strategy involving the concurrent combination of biocatalytic reduction and anodic oxidation in an undivided cell to achieve chiral sulfoxides, demonstrating the good compatibility. We anticipate this study will offer an alternative pathway for the design of the cascade reaction combined with electrocatalysis and biocatalysis.
Anthracite‐Derived Porous Carbon@MoS2 Heterostructure for Elevated Lithium Storage Regulated by the Middle TiO2 Layer
Authors: Sun Jie , Tang Cheng , Li Haitao , Kang Zizhuo , Zhu Guanjia , Du Aijun , Zhang Haijiao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe rational design of MoS2/carbon composites have been widely used to improve the lithium storage capability. However, their deep applications remain a big challenge due to the slow electrochemical reaction kinetics of MoS2 and weak bonding between MoS2 and carbon substrates. In this work, anthracite‐derived porous carbon (APC) is sequential coated by TiO2 nanoparticles and MoS2 nanosheets via a chemical activation and two‐step hydrothermal method, forming the unique APC@TiO2@MoS2 ternary composite. The dynamic analysis, in‐situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as well as theoretical calculation together demonstrate that this innovative design effectively improves the ion/electron transport behavior and alleviates the large volume expansion during cycles. Furthermore, the introduction of middle TiO2 layer in the composite significantly strengthens the mechanical stability of the entire electrode. As expected, the as‐prepared APC@TiO2@MoS2 anode displays a high lithium storage capacity with a reversible capacity of 655.8 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles at 200 mA g−1, and robust cycle stability. Impressively, even at a high current density of 2 A g−1, the electrode maintains a superior reversible capacity of 597.7 mAh g−1 after 1100 cycles. This design highlights a feasibility for the development of low‐cost anthracite‐derived porous carbon‐based electrodes.
A 1 kW, 76% efficiency underwater single‐capacitor coupled WPT system with a 1 m separation distance single‐capacitor coupled
Authors: Nie Ming , Da Chaolai , Li Fang , Tao Chengxuan , Li Shufan , Wang Lifang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn this paper, an underwater single‐capacitor coupled wireless power transmission (USCC‐WPT) system is proposed, which operates at 200 kHz and can transmit 1 kW of power at 1 m in seawater with an efficiency of 76%. The USCC‐WPT system produces no eddy current losses in seawater, and the distance is increased compared to conventional inductive power transfer systems. The system proposed in this paper has a wide range of applications underwater. The load‐independent constant voltage (CV) output and misalignment tolerance properties of the USCC‐WPT system are analyzed and validated by an equivalent circuit model constructed from the stray capacitance. The 1 kW prototype demonstrates the feasibility of the USCC‐WPT system proposed in this paper, while the system can work properly with 50 cm misalignment.
Nanovaccines: Immunogenic tumor antigens, targeted delivery, and combination therapy to enhance cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Jahanafrooz Zohreh , Oroojalian Fatemeh , Mokhtarzadeh Ahad , Rahdar Abbas , Díez‐Pascual Ana M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNanovaccines have been designed to overcome the limitations associated with conventional vaccines. Effective delivery methods such as engineered carriers or smart nanoparticles (NPs) are critical requisites for inducing self‐tolerance and optimizing vaccine immunogenicity with minimum side effects. NPs can be used as adjuvants, immunogens, or nanocarriers to develop nanovaccines for efficient antigen delivery. Multiloaded nanovaccines carrying multiple tumor antigens along with immunostimulants can effectively increase immunity against tumor cells. They can be biologically engineered to boost interactions with dendritic cells and to allow a gradual and constant antigen release. Modifying NPs surface properties, using high‐density lipoprotein‐mimicking nanodiscs, and developing nano‐based artificial antigen‐presenting cells such as dendritic cell‐derived‐exosomes are amongst the new developed technologies to enhance antigen‐presentation and immune reactions against tumor cells. The present review provides an overview on the different perspectives, improvements, and barriers of successful clinical application of current cancer therapeutic and vaccination options. The immunomodulatory effects of different types of nanovaccines and the nanoparticles incorporated into their structure are described. The advantages of using nanovaccines to prevent and treat common illnesses such as AIDS, malaria, cancer and tuberculosis are discussed. Further, potential paths to develop optimal cancer vaccines are described. Given the immunosuppressive characteristics of both cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment, applying immunomodulators and immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with other conventional anticancer therapies are necessary to boost the effectiveness of the immune response.
Morphological response of gravel bed rivers near a knickpoint: Effect of bars on dynamic equilibrium river profile
Authors: Tanabe Soichi , Iwasaki Toshiki , Shimizu Yasuyuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGeomorphological evolution is one of the main factors that increases flood damage in small or medium rivers located in upstream river reaches. These types of flood damage have been increasing at knickpoints where the riverbed slope and river width change abruptly and are likely to cause non‐equilibrium conditions for sediment transport during floods. Therefore, it is important to understand the non‐equilibrium morphological response at the knickpoint and the resulting new dynamic equilibrium state under given external forces. The effects of two‐dimensional (2D) morphological features on the dynamic equilibrium riverbed profile, however, have not been specifically studied because the methods currently in use for calculating equilibrium profiles are based on zero‐ or one‐dimensional (0D or 1D) modeling. Here, we perform numerical calculations using the 2D morphodynamic model iRIC‐Nays2DH to clarify the dynamic equilibrium profile and the process of reaching a dynamic equilibrium state. We also use an existing 1D model to show the 2D effect in the dynamic equilibrium state. To understand this, we set up three channels: slope transition point, width transition point, and both the slope and width transition point. 1D results show a constant slope profile in channels with constant width and upward‐convex profiles in channels with width expansion at the equilibrium state, owing to the adjustment of the difference in sediment transport volume in the two reaches with different widths by changing the slopes. In contrast, the 2D results show that the alternate bars create a small autogenic knickpoint even in the straight channel and significantly dampen sediment deposition at the width expansion point, as seen in the 1D model result. This was because the bars' shape increased the volume of sediment transport because the shape of the bars concentrated flow. These results suggest that 2D morphological features, such as fluvial bars, play a significant role in the equilibrium riverbed profile.
Multispecies Portfolios of U.S. Marine Fisheries: Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management Reduces Economic Risk
Authors: Townsend Howard , Link Jason S. , DePiper Geret , Brewster Lauran R. , Cadrin Steven X. , Edwards Fiona 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Fisheries management has focused on single stocks, not directly accounting for species interactions, and usually only considering economic factors in post hoc analysis. This approach has been successfully applied for many species over many years, but may also inadvertently result in greater risks being incurred. We demonstrate a portfolio optimization approach to inform a broader set of fishery concerns as a way to emphasize species interactions and economic considerations in resource management decision making. The approach can use readily available data on landings and revenue to generate easily digestible indicators of risk, namely the risk gap (i.e., the difference between actual and optimal portfolio values). Herein, we calculate portfolio efficiency frontiers that minimize risk for target revenue outcomes and resulting risk gaps for commercial fisheries using the top 25 landed-value species in six U.S. fisheries regions. Most regions exhibited a risk gap on the order of US$20–50 million, collectively on average over $250 million. Risk gaps can be used as ecosystem-level indicators to inform managers of the unnecessary risk being assumed for a given level of revenue for a portfolio of fisheries stocks, which can move us towards operational ecosystem-based fisheries management.
Postsynaptic GABAB‐receptor mediated currents in diverse dentate gyrus interneuron types
Authors: Degro Claudius E. , Vida Imre , Booker Sam A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe processing of rich synaptic information in the dentate gyrus (DG) relies on a diverse population of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons to regulate cellular and circuit activity, in a layer‐specific manner. Metabotropic GABAB‐receptors (GABABRs) provide powerful inhibition to the DG circuit, on timescales consistent with behavior and learning, but their role in controlling the activity of interneurons is poorly understood with respect to identified cell types. We hypothesize that GABABRs display cell type‐specific heterogeneity in signaling strength, which will have direct ramifications for signal processing in DG networks. To test this, we perform in vitro whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings from identified DG principal cells and interneurons, followed by GABABR pharmacology, photolysis of caged GABA, and extracellular stimulation of endogenous GABA release to classify the cell type‐specific inhibitory potential. Based on our previous classification of DG interneurons, we show that postsynaptic GABABR‐mediated currents are present on all interneuron types albeit at different amplitudes, dependent largely on soma location and synaptic targets. GABABRs were coupled to inwardly‐rectifying K+ channels that strongly reduced the excitability of those interneurons where large currents were observed. These data provide a systematic characterization of GABABR signaling in the rat DG to provide greater insight into circuit dynamics.