bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxious and avoidant attachment styles and indicators of recovery in schizophrenia: Associations with self‐esteem and hope
Authors: Ringer Jamie M. , Buchanan Erin E. , Olesek Kyle , Lysaker Paul H. 
Published: August 2013

ObjectivesHaving an insecure attachment style in schizophrenia has been linked to treatment response and symptom severity in schizophrenia. This study sought to further examine whether attachment style is related to subjective indicators of recovery including hope and self‐esteem, independent of symptom level and secondly, whether attachment style in schizophrenia differs from attachment style of persons facing adversity in the form of a prolonged non‐psychiatric medical illness.DesignParticipants were 52 men with schizophrenia, and 26 with HIV/AIDS who had no history of experiencing severe mental illness. These groups were compared in terms of their endorsement of attachment style.MethodsAll participants were administered the Experiences in Close Relationships measure of adult attachment style. The schizophrenia group was also given the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale to assess self‐esteem, the Beck Hopelessness Scale as a measure of hope, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, as an assessment of symptoms.ResultsAvoidant attachment in the schizophrenia group was linked with higher levels of hopelessness while anxious attachment was linked to lower levels of self‐esteem. The association between anxious attachment and self‐esteem persisted after controlling for severity of positive, negative, and depressive symptoms in a stepwise multiple regression analyses. Compared to the HIV/AIDS group, participants with schizophrenia had significantly higher levels of anxious attachment but not avoidant attachment style.ConclusionsAttachment style may impact attainment of key subjective domains of recovery in schizophrenia such as self‐esteem, independent of symptom severity.Practitioner points

If self‐esteem and/or hopelessness are identified as a focus of treatment, focusing on attachment style may be an important treatment component.

Therapist understanding of patients' attachment style may allow for a better understanding of resistance in the therapeutic relationship.

Helping persons with schizophrenia to recognize and change how they tend to relate to others may promote gains in subjective elements of recovery.
Development and validation of the Japanese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale
Authors: Okajima Isa , Nakajima Shun , Kobayashi Mina , Inoue Yuichi 
Published: August 2013

AimThe aim of this study was to develop and validate a Japanese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS‐J).MethodsThe AIS‐J was created using a back‐translation design. A total of 477 outpatients with chronic insomnia and 163 individuals from the general community were recruited. Participants were asked to complete the AIS‐J along with two other insomnia scales – Japanese versions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Insomnia Severity Index.ResultsThe AIS‐J consisted of a two‐factor structure: ‘nocturnal sleep problem’ (items 1–5) and ‘daytime dysfunction’ (items 6–8). Internal consistencycoefficients ranged from 0.78 to 0.88. Correlations between the AIS‐J and the aforementioned authorized scales were 0.81 and 0.85, respectively. Scores on the AIS‐J were significantly higher for the insomnia group than for the control group. The AIS‐J cut‐off value for identifying pathological insomnia was estimated at 6 points or more, and the AIS‐J‐nocturnal cut‐off value was estimated at 4 points or more.ConclusionsThe AIS‐J has sufficient validity and diagnostic utility.
Constrictive pericarditis developed after childhood repair of ventricular septal defect
Authors: Saiki Hirofumi , Masutani Satoshi , Tamura Masanori , Senzaki Hideaki 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe patient was an 18‐year‐old man who had undergone surgical closure of ventricular septal defect at the age of 2 years. The patient was urgently hospitalized due to syncope after longstanding uneventful postoperative course, and diagnosed with atrial flutter. Echocardiography showed poor ventricular motion and markedly dilated both atriums. After termination of atrial flutter, ventricular motion improved remarkably; however, there was little improvement in heart failure. Although we suspected constrictive pericarditis, calcification observed on computed tomography was too localized to fully explain the cause of severe diastolic dysfunction. Based on the waveform of mitral annular tissue Doppler imaging, we were strongly convinced of the underlying physiology of constrictive pericarditis. Pericardial decortications markedly improved heart failure symptoms. This case emphasizes that constrictive pericarditis could be a life‐threatening complication in the remote phase after congenital heart surgery. It also emphasizes the importance of functional assessment by echocardiography to identify the cause–effect relation between imaging and clinical symptoms.
Escherichia coli brain abscess in a twin pair associated with TLR4 gene mutation
Authors: Erdemir Aydin , Kahramaner Zelal , Cosar Hese , Turkoglu Ebru , Sutcuoglu Sumer , Uygun Dilara Kocacik , Yegin Olcay , Berdeli Afig , Ozer Esra Arun 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBrain abscesses are uncommon complications of bacterial meningitis or sepsis in neonates and infants. The causative pathogens of brain abscess in newborns are various. Of those, Escherichia coli is rarely seen as a pathogen in brain abscess at this age. Herein we reported brain abscesses in twin infants caused by E. coli sepsis. Interestingly, genetic analysis identified heterozygous Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene mutation in the twins. Because TLR plays an important role in the natural response to bacterial products and initiates specific immune response against these pathogens, this may explain the development of brain abscess in the present case.
Neonatal pneumoperitoneum and meconium‐stained peritoneal fluid of uncertain cause
Authors: Oh Jung Wha , Lim Gye‐Yeon , Chung Jae Hee , Kim So‐Young 
Published: August 2013

AbstractA 2‐day‐old male infant was referred to hospital because he was continually moaning. Massive pneumoperitoneum was observed on plain radiographs on the day of admission. This case is unique in that the massive pneumoperitoneum with meconium‐stained peritoneal fluid was not associated with any evidence of bowel perforation seen on laparotomy.
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma after treatment of osteosarcoma
Authors: Kasahara Yasushi , Iwabuchi Haruko , Takachi Takayuki , Hosokai Ryosuke , Yoshida Sakiko , Imamura Masaru , Watanabe Akihiro , Umezu Hajime , Hotta Tetsuo , Ogose Akira , Imai Chihaya 
Published: August 2013

AbstractSecondary rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) after treatment of osteosarcoma (OS) is rare. Reported here is the case of a metachronous RMS in the nasal cavity, developing 12 years after successful treatment of non‐metastatic OS. The patient was diagnosed as having OS of the femur at 2 years of age. Chemotherapy for OS included doxorubicin (cumulative dose, 488 mg/m2). No radiotherapy was given. There was no family history suggestive of cancer predisposition syndrome. At 14 years of age, alveolar RMS was diagnosed on histopathology. PAX3‐FKHR fusion transcripts were detected on reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Germline TP53 mutation was not seen on standard DNA sequencing. The occurrence of secondary sarcomas, in the Children's Cancer Survivor study conducted in North America, has been associated with high cumulative doses of anthracyclines, which may also have played a role in the development of RMS in the present case. In the future, novel molecular technologies might uncover genetic cancer predisposition in patients with metachronous cancers.
Childhood pheochromocytoma in a survivor of central primitive neuroectodermal tumor
Authors: Nakano Yoshiko , Fujimaru Rika , Ishii Keiichi , Sakamoto Hiroaki , Inoue Takeshi , Sako Masahiro , Yamada Hiroshi 
Published: August 2013

AbstractPheochromocytoma and central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor are both neural crest‐derived tumors. The former is usually benign and develops mainly in adulthood and the latter brain tumor mainly occurs in childhood and has a poor prognosis. We report a case of a 15‐year‐old boy who developed pheochromocytoma after more than 10 years of complete remission of central primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Thus far, there have been no reports of childhood cancer survivors who developed pheochromocytoma. This quite rare occurrence of two tumors in a single patient may imply some unidentified linkage or common genetic background.
Olive oil enema in a pre‐term infant with milk curd syndrome
Authors: Watanabe Toshihiko , Takahashi Masataka , Amari Shoichiro , Ohno Michinobu , Sato Kaori , Tanaka Hideaki , Miyasaka Mikiko , Fuchimoto Yasushi , Ito Yushi , Kanamori Yutaka 
Published: August 2013

AbstractMilk curd syndrome was first reported in the 1960s, but was gradually forgotten because of its low incidence thereafter. This condition in pre‐term infants has been reported over the last decade and has again attracted neonatologists' attention. The present report describes a pre‐term infant with milk curd syndrome. Abdominal distension was evident 14 days after the start of feeding with fortified expressed milk. Abdominal X‐ray showed multiple intraluminal masses surrounded by a halo of air, and ultrasound indicated hyperechoic masses. Along with that history and the appearance of fecal impaction, the diagnosis of milk curd syndrome was confirmed. This baby was treated with olive oil enemas and successive colonic lavage for 3 days, and the symptoms were relieved. Olive oil enema, which softens hard stools and induces smooth movement of these stools, may be an effective and safe first‐line treatment in pre‐term infants with milk curd syndrome.
Obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis with intestinal malrotation
Authors: Morino Masaaki , Hoshino Masaya , Musha Ikuma 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe combination of uterus didelphys, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis represents a rare congenital anomaly called Herlyn‐Werner‐Wunderlich syndrome (HWWS) or obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA) syndrome. Several anomalies have recently been reported to be associated with this syndrome.The present patient with HHWS had multiple anomalies: intestinal non‐rotation, anomalies of the large vessels of the abdomen including duplication of the inferior vena cava and a high‐riding aortic bifurcation, and hypodontia. Hypodontia has never been reported in a patient with HWWS. The patient underwent a preventative Ladd's procedure and vaginal reconstruction. To prevent serious complications from concomitant anomalies such as intestinal malrotation, a patient with HWWS should be evaluated in detail for associated malformations.
Use of pumpless extracorporeal lung assist as rescue therapy in adolescent with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Yalındağ‐Öztürk Nilüfer , Vuran Can , Karakoç Fazilet , Ersu Refika 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThere is abundant evidence that artificial ventilation can aggravate pre‐existing lung disease, which may contribute to morbidity and mortality. This is especially true for patients with air leakages. This case report describes the use of a pumpless extracorporeal lung assist as a rescue therapy to provide time to heal during the mechanical ventilation of a 16‐year‐old with cystic fibrosis who could not be managed via conventional means.
Intentional forgetting reduces the semantic processing of to‐be‐forgotten items: An ERP study of item‐method directed forgetting
Authors: Lin Wen‐Jing , Kuo Yu‐Ching , Liu Tzu‐Ling , Han Yi‐Jhong , Cheng Shih‐Kuen 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn two ERP experiments, we examined whether active inhibition is involved in intentional forgetting. Both experiments consisted of a nondirected‐forgetting (nDF) and a directed‐forgetting (DF) block. Participants were sequentially presented with a prime, an R/F (remember/forget) cue, and a target. Participants made lexical decisions to both the primes and targets (Experiment 1) or only to the targets (Experiment 2). They were also instructed to remember or to forget the primes in response to the R/F cues in the DF block but to ignore these cues in the nDF block. The N400 semantic priming effect was observed when comparing the ERPs elicited by semantically unrelated and related targets in the DF block. In comparison to the nDF block, the N400 effect was greatly reduced for targets preceded by F cues in the DF block. These findings suggest that semantic processing is reduced by the instruction to forget and active inhibition is involved in intentional forgetting.
Why Has the Fraction of Nonstandard Workers Increased? A Case Study of Japan
Authors: Asano Hirokatsu , Ito Takahiro , Kawaguchi Daiji 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis paper explains the secular increase of nonstandard workers in Japan, whose share of employment increased from 17 to 34% between 1986 and 2008. Changes in labor force and industrial compositions account for one quarter of the increase of nonstandard workers. Product‐demand fluctuation and the introduction of information and communication technologies increased firms' usage of nonstandard workers, but its quantitative effects are limited. The increase of nonstandard workers was concentrated among new entrants to the labor market, male workers of younger cohorts, and female workers of all cohorts, suggesting that the declining importance of the long‐term employment relationship is a major cause for the increase of nonstandard workers.
A retrospective analysis of the efficacy of Oncept vaccine for the adjunct treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma
Authors: Ottnod J. M. , Smedley R. C. , Walshaw R. , Hauptman J. G. , Kiupel M. , Obradovich J. E. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractOral malignant melanoma (OMM) in the dog is often locally aggressive with a high metastatic potential and there are few treatment options that have been demonstrated to improve outcome of this disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether adjunctive treatment with the Oncept melanoma vaccine affected the outcome of dogs with OMM that had achieved loco‐regional cancer control. Medical records from 45 dogs that presented to the Animal Cancer and Imaging Center were reviewed, including 30 dogs with stage II and III disease. Dogs that received the vaccine did not achieve a greater progression‐free survival, disease‐free interval or median survival time than dogs that did not receive the vaccine.
Estimating peak skin and eye lens dose from neuroperfusion examinations: Use of Monte Carlo based simulations and comparisons to CTDIvol, AAPM Report No. 111, and ImPACT dosimetry tool values
Authors: Zhang Di , Cagnon Chris H. , Villablanca J. Pablo , McCollough Cynthia H. , Cody Dianna D. , Zankl Maria , Demarco John J. , McNitt‐Gray Michael F. 
Published: August 2013

Purpose:CT neuroperfusion examinations are capable of delivering high radiation dose to the skin or lens of the eyes of a patient and can possibly cause deterministic radiation injury. The purpose of this study is to: (a) estimate peak skin dose and eye lens dose from CT neuroperfusion examinations based on several voxelized adult patient models of different head size and (b) investigate how well those doses can be approximated by some commonly used CT dose metrics or tools, such as CTDIvol, American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Report No. 111 style peak dose measurements, and the ImPACT organ dose calculator spreadsheet.Methods:Monte Carlo simulation methods were used to estimate peak skin and eye lens dose on voxelized patient models, including GSF's Irene, Frank, Donna, and Golem, on four scanners from the major manufacturers at the widest collimation under all available tube potentials. Doses were reported on a per 100 mAs basis. CTDIvol measurements for a 16 cm CTDI phantom, AAPM Report No. 111 style peak dose measurements, and ImPACT calculations were performed for available scanners at all tube potentials. These were then compared with results from Monte Carlo simulations.Results:The dose variations across the different voxelized patient models were small. Dependent on the tube potential and scanner and patient model, CTDIvol values overestimated peak skin dose by 26%–65%, and overestimated eye lens dose by 33%–106%, when compared to Monte Carlo simulations. AAPM Report No. 111 style measurements were much closer to peak skin estimates ranging from a 14% underestimate to a 33% overestimate, and with eye lens dose estimates ranging from a 9% underestimate to a 66% overestimate. The ImPACT spreadsheet overestimated eye lens dose by 2%–82% relative to voxelized model simulations.Conclusions:CTDIvol consistently overestimates dose to eye lens and skin. The ImPACT tool also overestimated dose to eye lenses. As such they are still useful as a conservative predictor of dose for CT neuroperfusion studies. AAPM Report No. 111 style measurements are a better predictor of both peak skin and eye lens dose than CTDIvol and ImPACT for the patient models used in this study. It should be remembered that both the AAPM Report No. 111 peak dose metric and CTDIvol dose metric are dose indices and were not intended to represent actual organ doses.
Multiatlas‐based segmentation with preregistration atlas selection
Authors: Langerak Thomas R. , Berendsen Floris F. , Van der Heide Uulke A. , Kotte Alexis N. T. J. , Pluim Josien P. W. 
Published: August 2013

Purpose:Automatic, atlas‐based segmentation of medical images benefits from using multiple atlases, mainly in terms of robustness. However, a large disadvantage of using multiple atlases is the large computation time that is involved in registering atlas images to the target image. This paper aims to reduce the computation load of multiatlas‐based segmentation by heuristically selecting atlases before registration.Methods:To be able to select atlases, pairwise registrations are performed for all atlas combinations. Based on the results of these registrations, atlases are clustered, such that each cluster contains atlas that registers well to each other. This can all be done in a preprocessing step. Then, the representatives of each cluster are registered to the target image. The quality of the result of this registration is estimated for each of the representatives and used to decide which clusters to fully register to the target image. Finally, the segmentations of the registered images are combined into a single segmentation in a label fusion procedure.Results:The authors perform multiatlas segmentation once with postregistration atlas selection and once with the proposed preregistration method, using a set of 182 segmented atlases of prostate cancer patients. The authors performed the full set of 182 leave‐one‐out experiments and in each experiment compared the result of the atlas‐based segmentation procedure to the known segmentation of the atlas that was chosen as a target image. The results show that preregistration atlas selection is slightly less accurate than postregistration atlas selection, but this is not statistically significant.Conclusions:Based on the results the authors conclude that the proposed method is able to reduce the number of atlases that have to be registered to the target image with 80% on average, without compromising segmentation accuracy.
Joint surface reconstruction and 4D deformation estimation from sparse data and prior knowledge for marker‐less Respiratory motion tracking
Authors: Berkels Benjamin , Bauer Sebastian , Ettl Svenja , Arold Oliver , Hornegger Joachim , Rumpf Martin 
Published: August 2013

Purpose:The intraprocedural tracking of respiratory motion has the potential to substantially improve image‐guided diagnosis and interventions. The authors have developed a sparse‐to‐dense registration approach that is capable of recovering the patient's external 3D body surface and estimating a 4D (3D + time) surface motion field from sparse sampling data and patient‐specific prior shape knowledge.Methods:The system utilizes an emerging marker‐less and laser‐based active triangulation (AT) sensor that delivers sparse but highly accurate 3D measurements in real‐time. These sparse position measurements are registered with a dense reference surface extracted from planning data. Thereby a dense displacement field is recovered, which describes the spatio‐temporal 4D deformation of the complete patient body surface, depending on the type and state of respiration. It yields both a reconstruction of the instantaneous patient shape and a high‐dimensional respiratory surrogate for respiratory motion tracking. The method is validated on a 4D CT respiration phantom and evaluated on both real data from an AT prototype and synthetic data sampled from dense surface scans acquired with a structured‐light scanner.Results:In the experiments, the authors estimated surface motion fields with the proposed algorithm on 256 datasets from 16 subjects and in different respiration states, achieving a mean surface reconstruction accuracy of ±0.23 mm with respect to ground truth data—down from a mean initial surface mismatch of 5.66 mm. The 95th percentile of the local residual mesh‐to‐mesh distance after registration did not exceed 1.17 mm for any subject. On average, the total runtime of our proof of concept CPU implementation is 2.3 s per frame, outperforming related work substantially.Conclusions:In external beam radiation therapy, the approach holds potential for patient monitoring during treatment using the reconstructed surface, and for motion‐compensated dose delivery using the estimated 4D surface motion field in combination with external‐internal correlation models.
HDR brachytherapy of rectal cancer using a novel grooved‐shielding applicator design
Authors: Webster Matthew J. , Devic Slobodan , Vuong Te , Han Dae Yup , Scanderbeg Dan , Choi Dongju , Song Bongyong , Song William Y. 
Published: August 2013

Purpose:The aim of this work was to design a novel high‐dose rate (HDR) (192Ir) brachytherapy applicator for treatment of rectal carcinomas that uses tungsten shielding for possibly improved dosimetric results over commercial brachytherapy applicator(s).Methods:A set of 15 single‐depth applicators and one dual‐depth applicator were designed and simulated using Monte Carlo (MCNPX). All applicators simulated were high‐density tungsten alloy cylinders, 16‐mm in diameter, and 60‐mm long, with longitudinal grooves within which an192Ir source can be placed. The single‐depth designs varied regarding the number and depth of these grooves, ranging from 8 to 16 and 1‐mm to 3‐mm, respectively. The dual‐depth design had ten channels, each of which had two depths at which the source could be placed. Optimized treatment plans were generated for each design on data from 13 treated patients (36 fractions) with asymmetrical clinical target volumes (CTVs). All results were compared against the clinically treated plans which used intracavitary mold applicator (ICMA), as well as a recently designed, highly automated, and collimated intensity modulation device named dynamic modulated brachytherapy (DMBT) device.Results:All applicator designs outperformed the ICMA in every calculated dosimetric criteria, except the total dwell times (∼30% increase). There were clear, but relative, tradeoffs regarding both the number of channels and the depth of each channel. Overall, the 12‐channel, 1‐mm depth, and 14‐channel 2‐mm depth designs had the best results of the simpler designs, sparing the healthy rectal tissues the most while achieving comparable CTV coverage with the dose heterogeneity index and lateral spill doses improving by over 10% and the contralateral healthy rectum dose dropping over 30% compared to ICMA. The ten‐channel dual‐depth design outperformed each single‐depth design, yielding the best coverage and sparing.Conclusions:New grooved tungsten HDR‐brachytherapy devices have been designed and simulated. The results of this work attest to the capability of these new, highly anisotropic, intelligently shielded applicators to limit dose to healthy tissues while maintaining a conformal prescription dose to the CTV.