bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative lightweight deep learning architecture for enhanced rice pest identification
Authors: Song Haiying , Yan Yiying , Deng Shijun , Jian Cen , Xiong Jianbin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Pest detection is a crucial aspect of rice production. Accurate and timely identification of rice pests can assist farmers in taking prompt measures for control. To enhance the precision and real-time performance of rice pest detection, this paper introduces a novel YOLOv8-SCS architecture that integrates Space-to-Depth Convolution (SPD-Conv), Context Guided block (CG block), and Slide Loss. Initially, the original algorithm’s convolutional module is improved by introducing the SPD-Conv module, which reorganises the input channel dimensions into spatial dimensions, enabling the model to capture fine-grained pest features more efficiently while maintaining a lightweight model architecture. Subsequently, the CG block module is integrated into the CSPDarknet53 to 2-Stage FPN (C2f) structure, maintaining the models lightweight nature while enhancing its feature extraction capabilities. Finally, the Binary Cross-Entropy (BCE) is refined by incorporating the Slide Loss function, which encourages the model to focus more on challenging samples during training, thereby improving the model’s generalization across various samples. To validate the effectiveness of the improved algorithm, a series of experiments were conducted on a rice pest dataset. The results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the original YOLOv8 in rice pest detection, achieving an mAP of 87.9%, which is a 5.7% improvement over the original YOLOv8. The model also features a 44.1% reduction in parameter count and a decrease of 11.7 GFLOPs in computational requirements, meeting the demands for real-time detection.
Impact of underlap layer on DC and RF/analog performance of asymmetric junctionless dual material double gate MOSFET for low-power analog amplifier design
Authors: Basak Arighna , Deyasi Arpan , Sarkar Angsuman 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Impact of underlap layer is analytically investigated on asymmetric junctionless dual material double gate MOSFET (AJDMDG) to reduce subthreshold slope and threshold voltage, which are two essential requirements with shrinking device dimensions to avoid short channel effects. The model utilizes two-dimensional Poisson’s equation with parabolic approximation for determining electrical parameters where dimensional ranges are kept within fabrication limit. Excellent accuracy is found for the obtained analytical outcome, when compared with results obtained from TCAD ATLAS simulator. Comparative study is extended for conventional junctionless DMDG (JDMDG) and underlap asymmetric junctionless single material DGFET (UAJDG) device, having identical dimensional parameters and biasing ranges; where the present structure exhibits superior performance in terms of threshold voltage, subthreshold slope and DIBL of 34.57%, 62.85% and 69.85% respectively compared to JDMDG and 12.50%, 26.08% and 40.25% respectively w.r.t UAJDG structure. Supremacy of the proposed architecture is further established with RF/analog Figures of Merit (FOMs), which are essential for designing low power analog amplifier.
Multi-participant quantum anonymous communication based on high-dimensional entangled states
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Mu Qingxia , Che Ronghua , Wang Qingle , Han Yunguang , Cheng Long 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Anonymous quantum communication (AQC) enables the secure transmission of quantum or classical messages between a sender and a receiver while ensuring the anonymity of their identities. Existing AQC protocols primarily address one-to-one anonymous communication. When there are multiple senders, they must send their messages sequentially to avoid collision problems. In this paper, we propose a multi-participant quantum anonymous communication (MQAC) by employing high-dimensional entangled states. In this protocol, multiple senders establish anonymous entanglement with multiple receivers of their choice and send quantum messages anonymously and simultaneously via quantum teleportation. To propose MQAC, we first present the toolbox we developed, which includes several sub-protocols such as the verification protocol, collision detection protocol, address distribution protocol, and notification protocol. These sub-protocols, which we propose, not only are important parts of MQAC but also serve as the foundation for solving many more complex tasks, such as anonymous commodity transaction. Additionally, the analysis of MQAC demonstrates that neither internal nor external attackers can steal the identities of the communication parties or the transmitted messages by employing any attack. Our work represents an original exploration of anonymous message transmission between multiple senders and receivers in quantum networks.
Diverse soliton solutions to the nonlinear partial differential equations related to electrical transmission line
Authors: Sagib Md , Saha Bijan Krishna , Mohanty Sanjaya K , Rahman Md Sazedur 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces novel traveling wave solutions for the (1+1)-dimensional nonlinear telegraph equation (NLTE) and the (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear electrical transmission line equation (NETLE). These equations are pivotal in the transmission and propagation of electrical signals, with applications in telegraph lines, digital image processing, telecommunications, and network engineering. We applied the improved tanh technique combined with the Riccati equation to derive new solutions, showcasing various solitary wave patterns through 3D surface and 2D contour plots. These results provide more comprehensive solutions than previous studies and offer practical applications in communication systems utilizing solitons for data transmission. The proposed method demonstrates an efficient calculation process, aiding researchers in analyzing nonlinear partial differential equations in applied mathematics, physics, and engineering
Cosmic Inflation at the crossroads
Authors: Martin Jérôme , Ringeval Christophe , Vennin Vincent 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The capability of Cosmic Inflation to explain the latest
Cosmic Microwave Background and Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation data
is assessed by performing Bayesian model comparison within the
landscape of nearly three-hundred models of single-field slow-roll
inflation. We present the first Bayesian data analysis based on the
third-order slow-roll primordial power spectra. In particular, the
fourth Hubble-flow function ε4 remains unbounded while the
third function verifies, at two-sigma, ε3 ∈[-0.4,0.5],
which is perfectly compatible with the slow-roll predictions for the
running of the spectral index. We also observe some residual excess
of B-modes within the BICEP/Keck data favoring, at a
non-statistically significant level, non-vanishing primordial tensor
modes: log(ε1) > -3.9, at 68% confidence level. Then,
for 287 models of single-field inflation, we compute the Bayesian
evidence, the Bayesian dimensionality and the marginalized
posteriors of all the models' parameters, including the ones
associated with the reheating era. The average information gain on
the reheating parameter R
reh reaches 1.3 ± 0.18 bits, which
is more than a factor two improvement compared to the first Planck
data release. As such, inflationary model predictions cannot meet
data accuracy without specifying, or marginalizing over, the
reheating kinematics. We also find that more than 40% of the
scenarios are now strongly disfavored, which shows that the
constraining power of cosmological data is winning against the
increase of the number of proposed models. In addition, about 20%
of all models have evidences within the most probable region and are
all favored according to the Jeffreys' scale of Bayesian evidences.
Constraining ultra slow roll inflation using cosmological datasets
Authors: Ragavendra H.V. , Sarkar Anjan Kumar , Sethi Shiv K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the detection of gravitational waves by LIGO and PTA collaborations have raised the intriguing possibility of excess matter power at small scales. Such an increase can be achieved by ultra slow roll (USR) phase during inflationary epoch. We constrain excess power over small scales within the framework of such models using cosmological datasets, particularly of CMB anisotropies and Lyman-α. We parameterize the USR phase in terms of the e-fold at the onset of USR (counted from the end of inflation) N̅1and the duration of USR phase Δ N. The former dictates the scale of enhancement in the primordial power spectrum, while the latter determines the amplitude of such an enhancement. From a joint dataset of CMB and galaxy surveys, we obtain N̅1≲ 45 with no bound on Δ N. This in turn implies that the scales over which the power spectrum can deviate significantly from the nearly scale invariant behavior of a typical slow-roll model isk≳1 Mpc-1. On the other hand, the Lyman-αdata is sensitive to baryonic power spectrum along the line of sight. We consider a semi-analytic theoretical method and high spectral-resolution Lyman-αdata to constrain the model. The Lyman-α data limits both the USR parameters: N̅1≲ 41 and Δ N ≲ 0.4. This constrains the amplitude of the power spectrum enhancement to be less than a factor of hundred over scales 1 ≲ k/ Mpc-1≲ 100, thereby considerably improving the constraint on power over these scales as compared to the bounds arrived at from CMB spectral distortion.
In vivo optogenetics using a Utah Optrode Array with enhanced light output and spatial selectivity
Authors: McAlinden Niall , Reiche Christopher F , Clark Andrew M , Scharf Robert , Cheng Yunzhou , Sharma Rohit , Rieth Loren , Dawson Martin D , Angelucci Alessandra , Mathieson Keith , Blair Steve 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective. Optogenetics allows the manipulation of neural circuits in vivo with high spatial and temporal precision. However, combining this precision with control over a significant portion of the brain is technologically challenging (especially in larger animal models). Approach. Here, we have developed, optimised, and tested in vivo, the Utah Optrode Array (UOA), an electrically addressable array of optical needles and interstitial sites illuminated by 181 μLEDs and used to optogenetically stimulate the brain. The device is specifically designed for non-human primate studies. Main results. Thinning the combined μLED and needle backplane of the device from 300 μm to 230 μm improved the efficiency of light delivery to tissue by 80%, allowing lower μLED drive currents, which improved power management and thermal performance. The spatial selectivity of each site was also improved by integrating an optical interposer to reduce stray light emission. These improvements were achieved using an innovative fabrication method to create an anodically bonded glass/silicon substrate with through-silicon vias etched, forming an optical interposer. Optical modelling was used to demonstrate that the tip structure of the device had a major influence on the illumination pattern. The thermal performance was evaluated through a combination of modelling and experiment, in order to ensure that cortical tissue temperatures did not rise by more than 1 °C. The device was tested in vivo in the visual cortex of macaque expressing ChR2-tdTomato in cortical neurons. Significance. It was shown that the UOA produced the strongest optogenetic response in the region surrounding the needle tips, and that the extent of the optogenetic response matched the predicted illumination profile based on optical modelling—demonstrating the improved spatial selectivity resulting from the optical interposer approach. Furthermore, different needle illumination sites generated different patterns of low-frequency potential activity.
Research on Intelligent Water Treatment Strategy based on DCS Control System
Authors: Zou Lei , Qi Desheng , Yang Zhenya , Zheng Da , Chen Chuanbin , Shen Da , Lu Xiaohu , Ni Ming , Qu Defang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In a capacity renovation project, the new DCS system as the equipment control system, and the existing AB 1756 series PLC system, there are two control systems bi-directional signal monitoring problems. This paper compares two methods of monitoring bi-directional data transmission, and analyzes and verifies the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods. From the perspective of reliability and safety of implementation, a protocol special communication card was added in the PLC controller card slot of desalination plant, and added a protocol-specific communication card to the PLC system card slot of the secondary reverse osmosis and EDI units. The actual project verification shows that this method can ensure reliability and safety performance while realizing functions.
Defect Analysis of the Basin-type Insulator in a 500kV SF6 Current Transformer
Authors: Zhao Yingyu , Ji Sheng , Zhang Wenming , Liu Xingwei , Hu Runge , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A rigorous examination and analysis were conducted on a fault incident involving an SF6-insulated current transformer. The investigation revealed an intrinsic defect in the basin-type insulator within the current transformer, leading to a discharge pathway formation from the shell base flange to the secondary lead shielding tube. To further analyze the insulation characteristics of basin-type insulator, a three-dimensional simulation model of current transformers was established using simulation software to study the electric field distribution law of basin-type insulators with pores, metal impurity pollution, and microcracks. Simulation tests indicated that micro-cracks can result in severe electric field distortion in the basin-type insulator, followed by metal particle pollution, and bubbles cause the least degree of electric field distortion. The findings of this article can serve as a reference for the production of basin-type insulators and the operation, maintenance, and fault analysis of SF6-insulated current transformers.
Research on a new method of islanding detection based on lifting wavelet and neural network
Authors: Xie Dong , Zang Dajin , Gao Peng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
At present, the commonly used active and passive islanding detection methods have their own shortcomings, and the islanding detection effect is difficult to meet the requirements. Therefore, a new detection method based on wavelet signal processing and artificial intelligence to identify islanding is proposed in this paper. In this method, the feature quantities required for islanding detection are obtained by wavelet transform and signal processing, and then the feature quantities are identified by neural network to determine whether the islanding is generated in distributed generation system. Wavelet transformation has a strong ability of signal feature extraction, while the neural network has strong learning and identification abilities, the combination of the both is beneficial to improve the success rate of islanding detection. Simulation verification shows that the new islanding detection method proposed in this paper can detect islanding quickly and accurately, and the performance of islanding detection has been significantly improved.
Highly-crystalline Vanadium Dioxide by Hydrothermal for Infrared Detectors
Authors: Lin Li , Zhang Yajie , Sun Weiqi , Wang Zhiming , Zhang Weixun , Wei Jie , Zhang Chunxiao , Zhou Yanhong , Xiang Li 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Infrared detectors are utilized across a diverse range of applications, yet they currently face challenges such as high power consumption and sensitivity to environmental. Vanadium dioxide, a popular material for infrared detectors, boasts a superior temperature coefficient of resistance and rapid response speed. However, it suffers from a substantial thermal hysteresis width. To overcome this limitation, the film structure is meticulously designed to exhibit a uniform, dense texture with a high degree of orientation and crystallinity on a sapphire substrate. This enhancement significantly boosts the infrared responsiveness of the detector. Under optimal conditions, specifically a bias voltage of 50 mV and infrared irradiation of 150 mW, the photocurrent can achieve a remarkable value of 5.55 μA, while the response speed reaches an impressive 0.23 μA/s. These improvements hold promising implications for infrared detection technology, particularly in areas such as night vision and electrical maintenance.
The electrical properties of nitrogen-doped vanadium dioxide thin films grown by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Song Jiaxin , Jia Yuxin , Fu Dongxiao , Liu Jiang , Zhang Feiran 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) undergoes a reversible semiconductor-metal phase transition near 68°C, and the optical and electrical properties could be changed in femtoseconds. These unique characteristics meet the electro-optic switch applications. In this work, to improve the intrinsic characteristics of VO2, a series of nitrogen-doped vanadium dioxide thin films were prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering. Moreover, the effects of different nitrogen flow rates on the microstructure, surface morphology, electrical properties and phase transition properties of the samples were investigated. The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), four-point probe system, and Hall effect et al. Sheet resistance variation at room temperature and high temperatures indicates remarkable semiconductor-metal transition characteristics. According to results of Hall effect measurement, when nitrogen flow rate is less than 1 sccm, the samples exhibits p-type semiconductor characteristics. However, while nitrogen flow rate reaches 1 sccm, n-type semiconductor characteristics appear. What’s more, Carrier mobility reaches a maximum at a nitrogen to oxygen flow ratio of 0.3. The results reveal that the samples have a great potential on electro-optic switching applications.
Analysis and Treatment of a Partial Discharge Fault in a 220kV Transformer
Authors: Yin Qinghua , Dong Honglin , Gao Nannan , Li Haifeng , Liu Xinduo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Partial discharge test of transformer is one of the most important detection items in the factory test of transformer, which is related to whether the transformer can operate safely and stably. This article will analyze a case of partial discharge exceeding the standard in a 220kV transformer. Based on the joint detection technology of ultrasonic partial discharge and ultra high frequency partial discharge, the defect location will be found. And the structure of the transformer will be researched to identify the cause of the defect. The diagnosis and treatment will be successfully completed. Finally, the conclusion will be verified through finite element analysis. This provides reliable guidance for partial discharge detection and rectification measures in transformers’ production and operation.
Research on Voltage Coordinated and Stability Control of Condensers Based on Reactive Power Replacement
Authors: Zhang Jijun , Hu Rongyuan , Chen Ping , Sun Meng , Cheng Lijuan , Li Pengda 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this research, we investigated condenser voltage coordination and stability control systems by analyzing voltage coordinated control mode among excitation, voltage coordination and stability as well as automatic-voltage reactive power control systems. By using dynamic excitation regulation and steady-state regional voltage source control replacement, dynamic reactive power quickly output under fault condition as well as optimized regional reactive power under steady state were realized. The correctness and practicability of the proposed strategy was verified through engineering application. Adopting the reactive power displacement of voltage coordination control system to solve local voltage instability problem after UHV DC blocking. The proposed method realized multi-time scale emergency, recovery and steady-state control of the system under steady and dynamic states.
Research on Mathematical Model of Energy Storage Assisted Wind Turbine Frequency Regulation Control Strategy
Authors: Yuan Weiwei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes an improved frequency regulation strategy for the Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) to mitigate the impact of wind power integration on system frequency. An energy storage system is used on the wind side to participate in the frequency regulation. The influence of wind power integration on the power system frequency is analyzed and an improved frequency control strategy for the DFIG is proposed. A control strategy for energy storage devices to support wind turbine frequency control is proposed. An energy storage device model is established that considers power correction based on the state of charge to avoid excessive charging and discharging. According to the operating state of the DFIG, a control strategy for the frequency regulation of the energy storage device is proposed. According to different wind speeds, a control strategy is proposed for the participation of the joint wind storage system in the frequency regulation. This control strategy can provide frequency support to the system when the wind turbine cannot participate in frequency regulation according to the different operating conditions of the wind turbine. After the wind turbine uses the improved frequency control strategy, it accelerates the recovery of the DFIG rotor speed while avoiding a secondary drop in the system frequency. In addition, when the energy storage device has a poor state of charge and the system frequency is good, it charges to restore the state of charge.
Investigation on structural and morphological properties of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) thin films
Authors: Rasool Asif , Amiruddin R. , Kossar Shahnaz 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The present study reports on the effect of substrate temperature on structural, morphological and optical properties of MoO3 thin films. MoO3 thin films were deposited on pre-heated glass substrate using spray pyrolysis technique. The substrate temperature was varied from 300 °C to 400°C with a step interval of 50 °C. Structural studies were studied using X-ray diffraction technique. It is observed that all the diffraction peaks exactly match with JCPDS card No. 05-0508. The as –deposited MoO3 thin films exhibits orthorhombic crystal structure. It is found that the crystalline nature increases with the increases of substrate temperature. FESEM micrographs show that the grains are distributed uniformly over the surface without any void. An optical property reveals that the transmission of MoO3 thin film in the visible region increases with increases of deposition temperature.