bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of inter‐sample variation in flow cytometric data with the joint clustering and matching procedure
Authors: Lee Sharon X. , McLachlan Geoffrey J. , Pyne Saumyadipta 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe present an algorithm for modeling flow cytometry data in the presence of large inter‐sample variation. Large‐scale cytometry datasets often exhibit some within‐class variation due to technical effects such as instrumental differences and variations in data acquisition, as well as subtle biological heterogeneity within the class of samples. Failure to account for such variations in the model may lead to inaccurate matching of populations across a batch of samples and poor performance in classification of unlabeled samples. In this paper, we describe the Joint Clustering and Matching (JCM) procedure for simultaneous segmentation and alignment of cell populations across multiple samples. Under the JCM framework, a multivariate mixture distribution is used to model the distribution of the expressions of a fixed set of markers for each cell in a sample such that the components in the mixture model may correspond to the various populations of cells, which have similar expressions of markers (that is, clusters), in the composition of the sample. For each class of samples, an overall class template is formed by the adoption of random‐effects terms to model the inter‐sample variation within a class. The construction of a parametric template for each class allows for direct quantification of the differences between the template and each sample, and also between each pair of samples, both within or between classes. The classification of a new unclassified sample is then undertaken by assigning the unclassified sample to the class that minimizes the distance between its fitted mixture density and each class density as provided by the class templates. For illustration, we use a symmetric form of the Kullback‐Leibler divergence as a distance measure between two densities, but other distance measures can also be applied. We show and demonstrate on four real datasets how the JCM procedure can be used to carry out the tasks of automated clustering and alignment of cell populations, and supervised classification of samples. © 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Addressing the interdependence in providing fair and efficient bandwidth distribution in hybrid optical‐wireless networks
Authors: Sarigiannidis Antonios , Nicopolitidis Petros 
Published: October 2015

SummaryThe convergence of optical and wireless technologies may offer a compelling network access infrastructure because these technologies combine major benefits such as large coverage in the wireless part and huge bandwidth in the optical part of the converged access network. The convergence of the passive optical networks with 4G wireless standards, such as the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access and the Long Term Evolution, constitutes a quite attractive solution to meet the challenges of the modern bandwidth‐hungry access networks. One of the most important objective a modern access network has to address is the adequate bandwidth distribution to the final users. In addition, several other aims are emerged towards this goal, such as fairness and quality of service provisioning. The adversity of designing an efficient bandwidth distribution scheme for hybrid optical‐wireless access networks lies in the interdependence of both domains: the bandwidth distribution in the wireless domain depends on the optical transmission grant opportunities, while the bandwidth coordinator in the optical part has to be aware of the mobile user heterogeneity in the wireless domain. Moreover, the bandwidth decision‐making module in both networks has to be aware of providing a fair allocation independently of the number of mobile users or the traffic requests in the network. In this work, we endeavor to address the aforementioned challenges. A novel, fair, and efficient bandwidth distribution scheme is proposed for hybrid optical‐wireless access networks. By using weighted fairness provisioning techniques, the proposed scheme intends to alleviate the interdependence of the two domains, offering a fair and efficient bandwidth distribution to the mobile users. The weights are properly defined, by utilizing suitable optimization techniques such as the Lagrange multiplies, so as to incorporate the underlying features of each traffic requests, such as the population density and the propagation delay. Extensive simulation results indicate the capability of the proposed scheme, compared with other competitive allocation schemes, in provisioning a more efficient and fair bandwidth distribution in terms of latency, throughput, and packet drop ratio. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Visual selective attention biases contribute to the other‐race effect among 9‐month‐old infants
Authors: Markant Julie , Oakes Lisa M. , Amso Dima 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTDuring the first year of life, infants maintain their ability to discriminate faces from their own race but become less able to differentiate other‐race faces. Though this is likely due to daily experience with own‐race faces, the mechanisms linking repeated exposure to optimal face processing remain unclear. One possibility is that frequent experience with own‐race faces generates a selective attention bias to these faces. Selective attention elicits enhancement of attended information and suppression of distraction to improve visual processing of attended objects. Thus attention biases to own‐race faces may boost processing and discrimination of these faces relative to other‐race faces. We used a spatial cueing task to bias attention to own‐ or other‐race faces among Caucasian 9‐month‐old infants. Infants discriminated faces in the focus of the attention bias, regardless of race, indicating that infants remained sensitive to differences among other‐race faces. Instead, efficacy of face discrimination reflected the extent of attention engagement. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58: 355–365, 2016.
The Heavier Analogues of Alkenes: A Theoretical Comparison of Unsaturated Group 15/14 Systems
Authors: Nauroozi Djawed , Orthaber Andreas 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this comprehensive study on unsaturated phosphorus compounds of the type R–P=CR2, R–P=N–R, and R–P=P–R, we investigated how the electronic, spectroscopic, and geometric parameters are influenced by different substituents by means of ab initio and DFT methods. The parent systems are studied with highly accurate theoretical methods and used to benchmark DFT methods. The substituent effects are rationalized based on orbital analysis of DFT calculations for phosphaalkenes, iminophosphanes, and diphosphenes in comparison with their analogous alkenes and imines. Theoretical data are also compared to experimental data if available. This study provides a broad picture of the use of DFT methods for unsaturated main group systems. Trends obtained from this study will enable a rational molecule design for selective manipulation of electronic and geometric properties.
Correlating the Structural and Photo­physical Features of Pincer Luminophores and Monodentate Ancillary Ligands in PtII Phosphors
Authors: Galstyan Anzhela , Naziruddin Abbas Raja , Cebrián Cristina , Iordache Adriana , Daniliuc Constantin G. , De Cola Luisa , Strassert Cristian A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPhosphorescent PtII complexes featuring pincer luminophores of 2,6‐bis(1,2,4‐triazolyl)pyridine (H2L1) and 2,6‐bis(pyrazolyl)pyridine (H2L3) with a bulky adamantyl or tolyl substituent (H2L4) are systematically compared, and their structural features are correlated with their photophysical properties. The combination with 4‐amylpyridine (Py), triphenylphosphine (P) or benzimidazol‐2‐ylidene (N‐heterocyclic carbene, NHC) donors as monodentate ancillary ligands gave a series of highly luminescent triplet emitters with variable aggregation properties. The molecular structures of four of these complexes, namely, Pt‐L1‐P, Pt‐L1‐NHC, Pt‐L3‐P, and Pt‐L4‐P were garnered from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The coordination complexes displayed green phosphorescence in solution and in the solid state. In doped poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrices, most of the complexes exhibited high phosphorescence quantum yields, which reached 59 % for Pt‐L3‐P. A comparative analysis between the spectroscopic data and the computed parameters derived from time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) calculations suggests that the emission originates from metal‐perturbed ligand‐centered excited triplet states (3MP‐LC). The radiationless deactivation rate constants of the emissive states can be correlated with the aggregation properties derived from the substitution pattern at the tridentate luminophores and the ancillary ligands, whereas the radiative rate constants are determined by the electronic structures of the complexes. We found that PtII complexes containing pyrazolate donors showed an enhanced charge‐transfer character in the excited state, whereas bulky adamantyl moieties and triphenylphosphine ancillary ligands suppress bimolecular aggregation and quenching phenomena.
Highly Stereoselective Domino Oxa‐Michael/Aza‐Michael/Cyclization: Synthesis of Bicyclic Lactams and Spiroox­indole Skeleton
Authors: Le Goff Ronan , Sanselme Morgane , Lawson Ata Martin , Daïch Adam , Comesse Sébastien 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAn efficient diastereoselective access to all carbon‐substituted oxazolo‐pyrrolidinones, including a quaternary carbon stereocenter, is described. This was achieved by using a domino process between hydroxy halogenoamides and various Michael acceptors. This strategy provided good to high yield and selectivity. Application to the diastereoselective synthesis of an enantioenriched spirooxindole skeleton in high yield and selectivity is also presented.
Electrografting and Controlled Surface Functionalization of Carbon Based Surfaces for Electroanalysis
Authors: Randriamahazaka Hyacinthe , Ghilane Jalal 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe basic concepts of electrografting on carbon surfaces are reviewed with the emphasis on the prospects of achieving robust, well‐defined compositions and structures of electrode interfaces. The surface functionalization allows tuning the interfacial properties which play an important role in various electrochemical applications, such as sensors and biosensors. Covalent attachment of organic compounds can be achieved by means of the electrochemical reduction of diazonium salts, and oxidation of amine or carboxylate. This review also demonstrates that the electrografting followed by a post‐functionalization is an interesting approach in the designs of well‐defined interface for electrochemical (bio)sensing.
Controls on valley spacing in landscapes subject to rapid base‐level fall
Authors: McGuire Luke A. , Pelletier Jon D. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWhat controls the architecture of drainage networks is a fundamental question in geomorphology. Recent work has elucidated the mechanisms of drainage network development in steadily uplifting landscapes, but the controls on drainage‐network morphology in transient landscapes are relatively unknown. In this paper we exploit natural experiments in drainage network development in incised Plio‐Quaternary alluvial fan surfaces in order to understand and quantify drainage network development in highly transient landscapes, i.e. initially unincised low‐relief surfaces that experience a pulse of rapid base‐level drop followed by relative base‐level stasis. Parallel drainage networks formed on incised alluvial‐fan surfaces tend to have a drainage spacing that is approximately proportional to the magnitude of the base‐level drop. Numerical experiments suggest that this observed relationship between the magnitude of base‐level drop and mean drainage spacing is the result of feedbacks among the depth of valley incision, mass wasting and nonlinear increases in the rate of colluvial sediment transport with slope gradient on steep valley side slopes that lead to increasingly wide valleys in cases of larger base‐level drop. We identify a threshold magnitude of base‐level drop above which side slopes lengthen sufficiently to promote increases in contributing area and fluvial incision rates that lead to branching and encourage drainage networks to transition from systems of first‐order valleys to systems of higher‐order, branching valleys. The headward growth of these branching tributaries prevents the development of adjacent, ephemeral drainages and promotes a higher mean valley spacing relative to cases in which tributaries do not form. Model results offer additional insights into the response of initially unincised landscapes to rapid base‐level drop and provide a preliminary basis for understanding how varying amounts of base‐level change influence valley network morphology. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and new polybrominated flame retardants in tree bark from western areas of China
Authors: Li Qiuxu , Jin Jun , Lu Yao , Li Guangyao , He Chang , Wang Ying , Li Peng , Hu Jicheng 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Tree bark samples were collected from 15 sites across western China in 2013, and the polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and new polybrominated flame retardant (NBFR) concentrations in the samples were determined. The mean total PBDE concentration was 51.8 ng/g lipid weight, which was 85.2% to 99.4% lower than in Chinese eastern coastal areas and the E-waste recycling areas. The dominant PBDE congener was BDE209, and its mean concentration was 49 ng/g lipid weight. The mean 2,3,5,6-tetrabromo-p-xylene, pentabromobenzene, pentabromotoluene, and hexabromobenzene concentrations were 0.61 ng/g, 0.97 ng/g, 0.68 ng/g, and 0.68 ng/g lw, respectively. The PBDE and NBFR concentrations in the air at the sampling sites were estimated from the concentrations in the tree bark samples. The estimated mean total PBDE and total NBFR concentrations in air were 58.5 pg/m3 and 2.76 pg/m3, respectively. The sources of NBFR emissions were found to be different from the sources of PBDE emissions, as no relationship was found between the NBFR and PBDE concentrations, and it appeared that sources of measured hexabromobenzene, pentabromobenzene, and pentabromotoluene in tree bark in western China include industrial activity related to the aluminum industry. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1364–1370. © 2015 SETAC
Price Discovery in Thinly Traded Futures Markets: How Thin is Too Thin?
Authors: Adämmer Philipp , Bohl Martin T. , Gross Christian 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIt is still an unanswered question how much trading activity is needed for efficient price discovery in commodity futures markets. For this purpose, we investigate the price discovery process of two thinly traded agricultural futures contracts traded at the European Exchange in Frankfurt. Our empirical results show that the trading volume threshold which is necessary to facilitate efficient price discovery is very low. As our findings are based on constant and time‐varying vector error correction models, we also show that neglecting time‐variation in the parameters can lead to misleading results. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 36:851–869, 2016
Methyltransferase‐like 17 physically and functionally interacts with estrogen receptors
Authors: Du Peiyun , Yuan Bin , Cao Jia , Zhao Jing , Ding Lihua , Chen Lihan , Ying Sunyang , Jiang Lina , Lin Jiajia , Xu Xiaojie , Cheng Long , Ye Qinong 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEstrogen exerts its physiological and pathological functions through two estrogen receptors (ERs), ERα and ERβ, which act as transcription factors. Coregulators, including coactivators and corepressors, have been shown to be crucial for regulation of ER transcriptional activity. Although many coregulators have been identified to regulate activities of ERs, novel coregulators are still needed to be investigated. Here, we show that human methyltransferase‐like 17 (METTL17), whose function is unknown, physically interacts with ERα and ERβ, and functionally acts as a coactivator for ERs. METTL17 interacts with ER in vitro and in yeast and mammalian cells. Activation function‐1 (AF1) and AF2 domains of ERs are responsible for the interaction between METTL17 and ERs. Knockdown of METTL17 reduces transcriptional activities of ERα and ERβ in breast cancer cells, whereas METTL17 overexpression increases ERα and ERβ transcriptional activities. Inhibition of METTL17 expression decreases mRNA and protein levels of ER target genes, including PR, cathepsin D, and pS2. Moreover, METTL17 knockdown reduces breast cancer cell growth. These results indicate that METTL17 is a novel coactivator of ERs and may play a role in breast tumorigenesis. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 67(11):861–868, 2015
Valproic acid sensitizes human glioma cells to gefitinib‐induced autophagy
Authors: Chang Cheng‐Yi , Li Jian‐Ri , Wu Chih‐Cheng , Ou Yen‐Chuan , Chen Wen‐Ying , Kuan Yu‐Hsiang , Wang Wen‐Yi , Chen Chun‐Jung 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAutophagy and apoptosis represent important cellular processes involved in cancer cell killing mechanisms. Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor gefitinib and valproic acid have been implicated in the treatment of malignancies including glioma involving autophagic and apoptotic mechanisms. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate whether a combination of gefitinib and valproic acid shows better cancer cell killing effect on human glioma cells. We found that a nontoxic concentration of valproic acid sensitized U87 and T98G glioma cells to gefitinib cytotoxicity by inhibiting cell growth and long‐term clonogenic survival. The augmented consequences were accompanied by the formation of autophagic vacuoles, conversion of microtubule‐associated protein‐1 light chain 3‐II (LC3‐II), and degradation of p62. Autophagy inhibitor 3‐methyladenosine and chloroquine and genetic silencing of LC3 but not broad‐spectrum caspase inhibitor attenuated gefitinib/valproic acid‐induced growth inhibition. Gefitinib/valproic acid‐induced autophagy was accompanied by the activation of liver kinase‐B1 (LKB1)/AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)/ULK1. Silencing of AMPK and ULK1 suppressed gefitinib/valproic acid‐induced autophagy and growth inhibition. Mechanistic studies showed that gefitinib/valproic acid increased intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and N‐acetyl cysteine attenuated gefitinib/valproic acid‐caused autophagy and growth inhibition. In addition to demonstrating the autophagic mechanisms of gefitinib/valproic acid, the results of this study further suggest that intracellular oxidative stress and the LKB1/AMPK signaling might be a potential target for the development of therapeutic strategy against glioma. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 67(11):869–879, 2015
Quantitative study of optical and mechanical bone status using multispectral photoacoustics
Authors: Steinberg Idan , Turko Nir , Levi Omri , Gannot Israel , Eyal Avishay 
Published: October 2015

Osteoporosis is a major public health problem worldwide. Here, we present a quantitative multispectral photoacoustic method for the evaluation of bone pathologies which has significant advantages over pure ultrasonic or pure optical methods as it provides both molecular information and bone mechanical status. This is enabled via a simultaneous measurement of the bone's optical properties as well as the speed of sound and ultrasonic attenuation in the bone. To test the method's quantitative predictions, a combined ultrasonic and photoacoustic system was developed. Excitation was performed optically via a portable triple laser‐diode system and acoustically via a single element transducer. Additional dual transducers were used for detecting the acoustic waves that were generated by the two modalities. Both temporal and spectral parameters were compared between different excitation wavelengths and measurement modalities. Short photoacoustic excitation wavelengths allowed sensing of the cortical layer while longer wavelengths produced results which were compatible with the quantitative ultrasound measurements.
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Long‐term operation of a two‐stage polyhydroxyalkanoates production process from hardwood sulphite spent liquor
Authors: Queirós Diogo , Fonseca Alexandre , Lemos Paulo C , Serafim Luísa S 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe development of sustainable industrial processes demands the recovery and transformation of their by‐products. The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) by mixed microbial cultures (MMC) is one of the available routes. This study evaluated the possibility of applying a two‐step PHAs production process using an industrial by‐product, hardwood sulphite spent liquor (HSSL), as feedstock for a MMC. The first step consisted in the selection of PHAs‐storing microorganisms using an aerobic dynamic feeding strategy followed by a second step, accumulation.RESULTSThe selected MMC, despite not being able to use the main carbon source of HSSL, lignosulphonates, revealed the capacity to consume acetate and xylose to accumulate poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) and glucose biopolymer. The maximum PHAs content was relatively low, 6.6%, with a maximum production yield of 0.49 C‐mmol HA C‐mmol S−1 during the selection stage.CONCLUSIONA MMC was able to adapt to HSSL by consuming acetate and xylose. The imposed operational conditions resulted in a partial selection of the culture, since only acetate‐consuming organisms experienced a real feast/famine regime, resulting in low PHAs production. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Reliability and mechanical durability tests of flexible OLED with ALD coating
Authors: Jimbo Yasuhiro , Tamatsukuri Yuki , Ito Minato , Yokoyama Kohei , Hirakata Yoshiharu , Yamazaki Shunpei 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTo improve the reliability and mechanical durability of a flexible organic light‐emitting diode display, the entire flexible display is coated with an aluminum oxide film by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Because the step coverage of ALD is excellent, the AlOx film was deposited not only on the front and back surfaces but also on the side surfaces of the display. A high‐temperature and high‐humidity preservation test, repetitive bending tests, and a pencil hardness test were conducted on the flexible display with ALD‐AlOx coating. The display survived 500 h of a 65°C, 95% preservation test, endured a 100,000‐time repetitive bending test with a curvature radius of 4 mm, and was found to have a pencil hardness of 4H.
Output Regulation in Differential Variational Inequalities using Internal Model Principle and Passivity‐Based Approach
Authors: Tanwani Aneel 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe consider the problem of designing state feedback control laws for output regulation in a class of dynamical systems where state trajectories are constrained to evolve within time‐varying, closed, and convex sets. The first main result states sufficient conditions for existence and uniqueness of solutions in such systems. We then design a static state feedback control law using the internal model principle, which results in a well‐posed closed‐loop system and solves the regulation problem. As an application, we demonstrate how control input resulting from the solution of a variational inequality results in regulating the output of the system while maintaining polyhedral state constraints. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)