bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are Latina Women Ambivalent About Pregnancies They Are Trying to Prevent? Evidence from the Border Contraceptive Access Study
Authors: Aiken Abigail R. A. , Potter Joseph E. 
Published: November 2013

ContextWomen's retrospective reports of their feelings about a pregnancy and of its intendedness are often inconsistent, particularly among Latinas. Interpretation of this incongruence as ambivalence overlooks the possibility that happiness about the prospect of pregnancy and desire to prevent pregnancy need not be mutually exclusive.MethodsData from the 2006–2008 Border Contraceptive Access Study—a prospective study of 956 Latina oral contraceptive users aged 18–44 in El Paso, Texas—were used to compare women's planned pill use and childbearing intentions with their feelings about a possible pregnancy. Associations between women's feelings and their perceptions of their partner's feelings were examined using logistic regression. Prospective and retrospective intentions and feelings were compared among women who became pregnant during the study.ResultsForty‐one percent of women who planned to use the pill for at least another year and 34% of those who wanted no more children said they would feel very or somewhat happy about becoming pregnant in the next three months. Perceiving that a male partner would feel very upset about a pregnancy was negatively associated with happiness about the pregnancy among both women who planned to continue pill use and those who wanted no more children (coefficients, –4.4 and −3.9, respectively). Of the 36 women who became pregnant during the study, 24 reported feeling very happy about the pregnancy in retrospect, while only 14 had prospectively reported feeling happy about a possible pregnancy.ConclusionIntentions and happiness appear to be distinct concepts for this sample of Latina women.
Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal course of a giant abdominal aortic aneurysm: a case report
Authors: Carver Alissa R. , Aly Ashraf M. , Munn Mary B. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Congenital abdominal aortic aneurysms are rare but have chronic and life-threatening sequelae including hypertension, thromboses, and death. A fetal ultrasound at 27 weeks’ gestation diagnosed a giant abdominal aortic aneurysm. The patient delivered at another tertiary care center where pediatric cardiovascular surgery care was available. Her term 3096-g female infant developed hypertension, biventricular hypertrophy, and right kidney ischemia. She underwent surgical repair at 2 months of life but subsequently lost all residual renal function and was not a candidate for dialysis. Support was withdrawn and she expired. Although isolated fetal AAA is rare, prenatal diagnosis is feasible and facilitates early referral for multi-disciplinary postnatal care. Outcome depends on the size and location of the aneurysm as well as on peri-operative complications.
Semiperfect and coreflexive coalgebras
Authors: Dăscălescu Sorin , Iovanov Miodrag C. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
We study non-counital coalgebras and their dual non-unital
algebras, and introduce the finite dual of a non-unital algebra.
We show that a theory that parallels in good part the duality in
the unital case can be constructed. Using this, we introduce a new
notion of left coreflexivity for counital coalgebras, namely, a
coalgebra is left coreflexive if C is isomorphic canonically to
the finite dual of its left rational dual

Rat

(

C
*

C
*

)

${{\rm Rat}(_{C^*}C^*)}$

. We
show that right semiperfectness for coalgebras is in fact
essentially equivalent to this left reflexivity condition, and we
give the connection to usual coreflexivity. As application, we
give a generalization of some recent results connecting dual
objects such as quiver or incidence algebras and coalgebras, and
show that Hopf algebras with non-zero integrals (compact quantum groups) are coreflexive.
Approximations to the Karcher mean on Hadamard spaces via geometric power means
Authors: Lim Yongdo , Pálfia Miklós 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this paper we establish a limit theorem for
contractive means on a Hadamard space. For a contractive mean
satisfying an extended metric inequality, the corresponding
geometric power means varying over

t
∈
(
0
,
1
]

${t\in (0,1]}$

converge to the
Karcher mean (center of gravity or Cartan mean) as

t
→

0
+

.

${t\rightarrow 0^{+}.}$

This provides not only a deterministic approach to the Karcher
mean, but also
a simple proof of some important
properties of the Karcher mean, which have been established by Sturm
using probabilistic methods on the metric structure of Hadamard
spaces. We obtain further new results for the Karcher mean via this
deterministic
method, especially we derive a characteristic property of the Karcher mean and effective and explicit
upper bounds for distances between Karcher means.
Integrated lipase-catalyzed isoamyl acetate synthesis in a miniaturized system with enzyme and ionic liquid recycle
Authors: Novak Uroš , Žnidaršič-Plazl Polona 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Isoamyl acetate synthesis employing aqueous Candida antarctica lipase B (CaLB) solution was performed in a two-phase solvent system comprising hydrophilic ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylpyridinium dicyanamide and n-heptane. An X-junction glass microfluidic chip was used to obtain uniform microdroplets of n-heptane within a continuous phase of ionic liquid with dissolved enzyme and reactants, namely, isoamyl alcohol and acetic anhydride. A developed flow pattern resulted in a very large specific interfacial area for the reaction with amphiphilic CaLB and simultaneous extraction of isoamyl acetate in n-heptane. Biotransformation was performed within a continuously operated microfluidic system consisting of an X-junction chip and a silanized tube of a submillimeter diameter, which was further integrated with a microseparator based on a hydrophobic membrane. Efficient separation of n-heptane with product from ionic liquid phase containing enzyme and remaining substrates and products was achieved, enabling reuse of CaLB together with ionic liquid phase. More than 80% of productivity was preserved in each of the eight consecutive biotransformations within the integrated microfluidic system with reused lipase B in the ionic liquid phase. Subsequent ionic liquid regeneration accomplished by vacuum distillation enabled efficient reuse of this solvent in esterification with fresh enzyme.
NADH oxidation in a microreactor catalysed by ADH immobilised on γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles
Authors: Šalić Anita , Pindrić Katarina , Podrepšek Gordana Hojnik , Leitgeb Maja , Zelić Bruno 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
A new concept of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrate (NADH) oxidation which combines advantages of the microreactor technology with the advantages of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) application is developed. Acetaldehyde was used as a substrate for the NADH regeneration process while the reaction was performed in a batch reactor and in a microreactor using alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-loaded MNPs. Three different microreactor systems with MNPs were studied, two with stationary MNPs trapped on the inner surface of microchannel by permanent magnetic field and one where the MNPs actively moved across the channel (movement inside microchannel allowed by an oscillating magnetic field). In a reactor system with an oscillating magnetic field and an actively moving ADH-loaded MNPs 100% NADH conversion was achieved for residence time of just 2 min.
Microfluidic dispersion of mineral oil-seawater multiphase flows in the presence of dialkyl sulfonates, polysorbates, and glycols
Authors: Hu Chuntian , Herz Carina , Hartman Ryan L. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The role of dispersants on hydrocarbon phase behavior in seawater is an important problem that influences marine environment ecology. Offshore petroleum and natural gas catastrophes, such as the Deepwater Horizon spill of 2010, motive the need to understand how to minimize the introduction of potentially invasive compounds while maximizing their efficacy during emergency remediation. The microfluidic stabilities of mineral oil-seawater multiphase flows in the presence of model dispersants were studied for We<1. Introducing dispersants at varying dimensionless volumetric injection rates, ranging from 0.001 to 0.01, transitions from stable slug flow to the bubbly regime. Dimensionless mass ratios of three model dispersants to the mineral oil necessary to establish emulsions were estimated from 2.6×10-3 to 7.7×10-3. Residence time distributions of seawater single-phase and mineral oil-seawater multiphase flows, laden with dispersants, were also investigated. Increasing the dimensionless dispersant injection rate from 0 to 0.01 was observed to increase convective dispersion, which was confirmed by estimations of the vessel dispersion number and the Bodenstein number. The observations undergird that microfluidics are useful laboratory techniques to identify the transition to bubbly flow where bacteria consumption rates could potentially be enhanced, while minimizing the dispersant mass introduced into calm-sea marine environments.
Multiphase biotransformations in microstructured reactors: opportunities for biocatalytic process intensification and smart flow processing
Authors: Bolivar Juan M. , Nidetzky Bernd 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Enzymes are gaining increased importance as highly selective catalysts for green chemical synthesis. Multiphase microreaction systems are emerging tools for the development of enzyme-catalysed transformations involving two or more partly immiscible fluids in continuous flow. Mass transfer intensification due to miniaturisation of the flow dimensions and the associated enlargement of the interfacial area presents a powerful approach of effective reaction rate enhancement and thus reactor productivity increase for smart flow bioprocessing. Use of microstructured flow reactors for the study of multiphase (gas-liquid, liquid-liquid) biocatalytic conversions is reviewed. Multiphase flow characterisation based on dimensionless scaling parameters and flow-regime categorisation is presented with emphasis on the different flows applied to experimental studies of enzymatic reactions. Development of instrumented microsystems, flow instabilities, fast inactivation of biocatalysts and low conversion rates are problems often encountered with biotransformation under multiphase flow conditions. Key parameters controlling reaction performance are discussed along with some guidelines for design of scalable multiphase biocatalytic microreactors. Opportunities for biocatalytic process intensification are revealed in examples from fine chemical and materials synthesis.
Failure of a Pendent Reheater Tube in a 110 MW Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Saha Atanu , Roy H. , Shukla A.K. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This investigation was conducted to examine the probable cause of failure of one pendent reheater tube of a 110 MW thermal power plant. Preliminary macroscopic examinations along with visual examination, dimensional measurement, chemical analysis, evaluation of mechanical properties, oxide scale thickness measurement were carried out to predict the probable cause/causes of failure. In addition, optical microscopy was a necessary supplement to understand the reason for the failure. It was concluded that due to progressive erosion caused by the high velocity flue gas streams on the fire side wall, the tube had thinned down and could not cope the prevailing working stress. As a result, the affected areas of the tube suffered plastic deformation. Apart from that, formation of micro creep cavities due to rise in tube metal temperature (on the steam side) at localized places led to initiation of minor cracks before culminating to final rupture. The final failure is due to both these mechanisms occurring simultaneously.
Reaction Kinetics of Fe2O3 and BaCO3 to Prepare Ba2Fe2O5
Authors: Liu Jun-Hao , Zhang Guo-Hua , Chou Kuo-Chih 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas and substantially affects the global warming and climate change, so study on the adsorption of carbon dioxide is very urgent. As a new CO2 captor, Ba2Fe2O5 was prepared by the solid state reaction of Fe2O3 with BaCO3, following formula Fe2O3 + 2BaCO3 = Ba2Fe2O5 + 2CO2. The reaction kinetics in isothermal condition was investigated by using the method of thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA). It was found that the reaction of Fe2O3 with BaCO3 was controlled by the diffusion step in the product layer, and the kinetics process could be described by the RPP model (Real Physical Picture) with the apparent activation energy extracted to be 161.122 kJ/mol.
Plastic deformation mechanisms in nanocrystalline metallic materials
Authors: Ovid’ko Ilya A. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis article discusses the experiments, computer simulations, and theoretical models addressing the conventional and specific mechanisms of plastic deformation in nanocrystalline metallic materials. Particular attention is devoted to the competition between lattice dislocation slip and specific deformation mechanisms mediated by grain boundaries as well as its sensitivity to grain size and other parameters of nanocrystalline metallic structures.
Im Spannungsfeld von Semantik und Pragmatik: Zur Bedeutungskonstitution von Einstellungsadverbialen
Authors: Buscher Frauke 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Mental attitude adverbials (absichtlich ‚intentionally‘, freiwillig
‚voluntarily‘, etc.) are generally considered to be a homogeneous class of adverbials,
the interpretation of which is regulated via the principle of compositionality. I challenge this view, proposing instead
that the class of mental attitude adverbials is systematically divided into two subtypes, which I call
Assimilative Adverbials (A-Adverbials) and Intentional Adverbials (I-Adverbials).
In support of this proposal I present evidence that they differ in two ways: (i) They select different arguments: A-Adverbials
require an agent, I-Adverbials require an initiator. I discuss additional restrictions on their interpretation and formulate lexical
entries for each subtype. (ii) The two types provide different interpretation options: While A-Adverbials
adhere strictly to the principle of compositionality, I-Adverbials allow pragmatically driven coercion. On the basis of this
case study of mental attitude adverbials, I take a close look at the capabilities of and constraints on coercion.
With this in mind, I examine the relation between the semantics and pragmatics of mental attitude adverbials in more detail.
I show that particular grammatical restrictions on them also hold true under coercion, so that they continue to
regulate and to restrict interpretation in these cases. Here admittedly, in contrast to compositional interpretation, the grammatical
restrictions can be implemented more flexibly, i.e., they can be fulfilled at the conceptual level. This explains why coercion is limited
to I-Adverbials: In the case of coercion, the conceptual structures of A-Adverbials do not satisfy these
grammatical restrictions on their interpretation.
A cognitivist semantics of gradation
Authors: Carstensen Kai-Uwe 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Scalar approaches to the semantics of gradation are generally based on the conception of degrees
as either points or intervals. In this paper, I will review two prominent approaches which use intervals
differently for modelling the polarity of adjectives. For a relevant subset of gradation phenomena, I will
discuss several problems of these approaches and will develop a new proposal which is characterized
by the assumption that for an attention-based, cognitivist semantics of gradation, both conceptions of
degree are needed for a satisfactory solution of the problems.
„Weil-V2“-Sätze und (k)ein Ende? Anmerkungen zur Analyse von Antomo & Steinbach (2010)
Authors: Reis Marga 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this paper I take issue with Antomo & Steinbach’s (2010) analysis of so-called weil-V2 clauses,
by which the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic properties distinguishing them from integrated verb-final
weil-clauses are claimed to all follow from two central factors: (i) parataxis triggering prosodic
desintegration, (ii) V2-order triggering assertional force potential. Support for this analysis is sought in a close comparison
of weil-V2 clauses with V2 complement and relative clauses, which is claimed to reveal pertinent functional
and structural parallels. – In arguing against this analysis, I show, first, that the assertional status of the weil-V2
clause is triggered solely by the semantics of weil in combination with true main clause status, hence V2 as
such plays no role; second, that the argument from subordinate V2-cases fails as well; third, that the broader interpretational
range of weil-V2 clauses is completely shared by unintegrated verb-final weil-clauses; hence
this difference to integrated verb-final weil-clauses cannot be due to ±parataxis and/or ±V2, but only to ±syntactic
desintegration and/or ±root status. In concluding, I summarize the central factors an alternative compositional analysis of
weil-V2 clauses could be based on, and sketch two problems remaining for either analysis.
Changes in Children’s Sleep Duration on Food Intake, Weight, and Leptin
Authors: Hart Chantelle N. , Carskadon Mary A. , Considine Robert V. , Fava Joseph L. , Lawton Jessica , Raynor Hollie A. , Jelalian Elissa , Owens Judith , Wing Rena 
Published: November 2013

OBJECTIVE:
To examine the effect of experimental changes in children’s sleep duration on self-reported food intake, food reinforcement, appetite-regulating hormones, and measured weight.

METHODS:
Using a within-subjects, counterbalanced, crossover design, 37 children, 8 to 11 years of age (27% overweight/obese) completed a 3-week study. Children slept their typical amount at home for 1 week and were then randomized to either increase or decrease their time in bed by 1.5 hours per night for 1 week, completing the alternate schedule on the third week. Primary outcomes were dietary intake as assessed by 24-hour dietary recalls, food reinforcement (ie, points earned for a food reward), and fasting leptin and ghrelin. The secondary outcome was child weight.

RESULTS:
Participants achieved a 2 hour, 21 minute difference in the actigraph defined sleep period time between the increase and decrease sleep conditions (P &lt; .001). Compared with the decrease sleep condition, during the increase condition, children reported consuming an average of 134 kcal/day less (P &lt; .05), and exhibited lower fasting morning leptin values (P &lt; .05). Measured weights were 0.22 kg lower during the increase sleep than the decrease sleep condition (P &lt; .001). There were no differences in food reinforcement or in fasting ghrelin.

CONCLUSIONS:
Compared with decreased sleep, increased sleep duration in school-age children resulted in lower reported food intake, lower fasting leptin levels, and lower weight. The potential role of sleep duration in pediatric obesity prevention and treatment warrants further study.
Fracture Complexity Impacts on Pressure Transient Responses From Horizontal Wells Completed With Multiple Hydraulic Fracture Stages
Authors: Jones Jack R. , Volz Richard , Djasmari Wahju 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The well and completion configuration of choice for development wells targeting unconventional gas and oil resources has become a horizontal well stimulated with multiple stages of hydraulic fracturing. The standard pressure transient model for this well and completion configuration assumes that each hydraulic stimulation stage creates one bi-wing, transverse fracture. Microseismic images of stimulation jobs in some wells support the choice of this model but many such images show an overprint of greater complexity in the geometry of the fracture system. Numerical simulator history matching of production does not definitively show that accounting for such fracture complexity is required to explain unconventional well performance data.
This paper is aimed at providing some insight into how pressure transient data might be used to identify the impact of fracture complexity overprint on well response. After reviewing the limited current literature addressing this issue, fine grid numerically simulated well responses for various overprints of fracture complexity on the base multiple transverse fracture model are presented. In particular, responses for cases impacted by the following are presented: 1) opening and propping nearby natural fractures, 2) creating an arbitrarily connected network of orthogonal fractures intersecting the dominant transverse fracture system, 3) creating independent transverse fracture strands at individual perforation sets in each stage and 4) creating initially independent fracture strands at individual perforation sets which then either bifurcate into multiple strands or amalgamate into fewer dominant strands away from the well perforation. Response sensitivity to lengths and conductivities across the spectrum of these complexity types are discussed.
Results are presented in the context of establishing when the pressure transient response including fracture complexity overprint can be definitively differentiated from that for the base model of a multiple transverse hydraulic fractured horizontal well. Analysis focuses on differences in derivative shapes to address this question. This work is especially relevant to analysis and understanding of shale formations but should also apply to other types of low permeability systems.
Economic Ranking of North American Unconventional Oil and Gas Basins: Looking for the Most Cost Efficient Play
Authors: Virine Lev 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Oil and gas producers focus their exploration and development activities on the most cost efficient oil and gas plays. The challenge is to analyze full cycle cost for each basin on a consistent basis with taking in to an account various cost components such as finding and development cost, operational cost, royalties and taxes, producer’s return, overhead, basis differential and others. This paper describes the methodology of the analysis of oil and gas costs. The focus was made on unconventional resources. A mathematical model was developed to quantitatively assess cost of different producers for various unconventional gas plays. The cost and well production data was obtained from the public sources. The data was statistically processed and geological models for each basin were integrated to the analysis. Oil and gas resources for each basin were estimated and economic models were developed. The proposed methodology has been used to rank most unconventional oil and gas basins based on their costs per unit of production. The study shows the most efficient and the less efficient plays in North America. The proposed methodology and the study can be essential component the corporate planning process. Particularly results of analysis in form of cost curves can be used for oil and gas price forecast.