bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is mechanical bowel preparation in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy beneficial? An analysis of a Japanese national database
Authors: Sugihara Toru , Yasunaga Hideo , Horiguchi Hiromasa , Fujimura Tetsuya , Nishimatsu Hiroaki , Kume Haruki , Ohe Kazuhiko , Matsuda Shinya , Fushimi Kiyohide , Homma Yukio 
Published: June 2013

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add?
Recently, the ineffectiveness of bowel mechanical preparation prior to colorectal surgery was focused on. Although its effectiveness was widely accepted in laparoscopic prostatectomy, the data were limited.
This retrospective multicentre study compared laparoscopic prostatectomy cases with and without bowel preparation and did not demonstrate the preparation's preferable effect in operation time and complication incidence, which suggested justification of the omission of bowel preparation.
Objective
To evaluate the effect of mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) prior to laparoscopic radical prostatectomy on peri‐operative outcomes.
Patients and Methods
Patients undergoing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for T1–T2 tumours between 2008 and 2010 were identified in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database.
Patients were classified into a preoperative MBP group and a non‐MBP group.
The effects of MBP were evaluated by multivariate regression analysis of overall complication rate, operation time, postoperative length of stay (PLOS) and total costs with generalized estimating equations adjustment involving age, body mass index, Charlson score, hospital academic status and hospital volume.
Results
Comparing the 154 non‐MBP and 580 MBP patients, overall complication rate, operation time, PLOS and total costs were 6.5% vs 6.9% (P = 0.860), 222 vs 250 min (P = 0.001), 11 vs 10 days (P < 0.001) and 18 941 vs 19 015 US dollars (P = 0.032), respectively.
In the multivariate analyses, no significant differences were observed for the four outcomes (P = 0.961, 0.194, 0.383 and 0.993, respectively).
Complications were more frequently observed in older patients, and operation time tended to be longer in patients with higher body mass index and in hospitals with lower volumes.
Longer PLOS and higher total costs were associated with older age, higher Charlson score and lower hospital volume.
Conclusions
We could not find any superiority of MBP on overall complications, operation time, PLOS and total costs in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.
The results support that MBP can be omitted prior to laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for T1–T2 prostate cancer.
Are All Credit Default Swap Databases Equal?
Authors: Mayordomo Sergio , Peña Juan Ignacio , Schwartz Eduardo S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe compare the five major sources of corporate Credit Default Swap prices: GFI, Fenics, Reuters, CMA, and Markit, using the most liquid single name 5‐year CDS in the iTraxx and CDX indexes from 2004 to 2010. Deviations from the common trend among prices in the different databases are not random but are explained by idiosyncratic factors, financing costs, global risk, and other trading factors. The CMA quotes lead the price discovery process. Moreover, we find that there is not a full agreement among databases in the results of the price discovery analysis between stock and CDS returns.
Managing Digital Mucoid Cysts by Cryosurgery with Liquid Nitrogen: Preliminary Report
Authors: BARDACH HARALD G. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract. Fourteen patients with digital mucoid cysts were treated by cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen using an intermittent spray technique. The cysts were punctured and the contents expressed preoperatively. Treatment was well tolerated without local anesthesia. Cysts ranged in size from 0.4 to 1.5 cm. Average follow‐up was 18.6 months. Twelve patients were cured to date, in some instances after many prior unsuccessful attempts with other treatment modalities.In one patient a cyst recurred after 10 months and was retreated by cryosurgery. In another patient a much smaller cyst recurred after 12 months. Cosmetic results were gratifying, with absent or minimal scarring. From these preliminary observations it may be concluded that liquid nitrogen cryospraying of digital mucoid cysts is a valuable therapeutic modality in these notoriously recalcitrant lesions.
Frequency of mechanical removal of plaque as it relates to gingival inflammation: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Pinto Tatiana M. P. , de Freitas Guilherme C. , Dutra Danilo A. , Kantorski Karla Z. , Moreira Carlos H. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAimThis single blind, randomized clinical trial evaluated the relationship between frequency of mechanical removal of plaque (MRP) and gingival inflammation.Materials & MethodsFifty‐two patients (maximum 5% of sites with gingival bleeding and no history of periodontitis) were randomized to different frequencies of MRP: 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. Plaque index (PlI) and gingival index (GI) were evaluated at baseline, 15 and 30 days. Intra‐ and inter‐group differences were determined by repeated measures anova and mixed models anova, respectively, both followed by Tukey's test.ResultsThe mean GI between baseline and 30 days remained statistically unchanged in the 12 h (0.51 ± 0.17 versus 0.63 ± 0.23, p = 0.137) and 24 h (0.43 ± 0.19 versus 0.59 ± 0.21, p = 0.052) groups, but increased significantly in the 48 h (0.48 ± 0.18 versus 0.84 ± 0.21, p = 0.001) and 72 h (0.55 ± 0.20 versus 0.94 ± 0.25, p = 0.000) groups. At 30 days, the average percentage of sites with GI scores of 1 and 2 was significantly higher in the 48 and 72 h than in the 12 and 24 h groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionsFrequencies of mechanical removal plaque up to 24 h may prevent an increase in the severity of gingival inflammation over a period of 30 days in patients with no history of periodontitis.
Effects of Ozone Wash for Inactivation of S. Typhimurium and Background Microbiota on Lettuce and Parsley
Authors: Sengun Ilkin Yucel 
Published: June 2013

AbstractExperiments were done with ozonated water to evaluate its efficacy in reducing the numbers of Salmonella Typhimurium and total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB) on vegetables and in improving their storage quality. Ozonated water (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ppm) treatment for 3, 5 and 10 min caused reductions in the number of TMAB of lettuce and parsley samples ranging between 0.48–1.25 and 0.40–1.03 log units, respectively. The counts of S. Typhimurium on inoculated lettuce samples were reduced by ozonated water in the range of 1.14–3.06 log units reductions, while 0.28–2.57 log units reductions were achieved for parsley samples. On the other hand, the effect of tap water in reducing TMAB and S. Typhimurium counts was found ranging between 0.10–1.20 and 0.44–0.60 log units, respectively. Reduction capacity of ozonated water (1.5 ppm/5 min) on microbial population was also tested in a school kitchen and results were similar with the laboratory findings (P > 0.05). To determine the effects of ozonated water on the storage quality of the samples, TMAB and mold‐yeast counts of vegetables were investigated during the storage period at 4C for 15 days. Results of the study showed that ozonated water is mainly useful for reducing S. Typhimurium cells from vegetables.Practical ApplicationsConventional ozone generators, which needs compressors, air dryers, oxygen concentrators and ozone injectors, are too bulky to be used, in point‐of‐installations. On the other hand, in ozo‐pen system, technology developed in recent years, ozone can be produced directly from the water to be treated itself instead of producing ozone from a dry air or dry oxygen gas source, and the system only needs handheld ozone generator, portable container and water. This study showed that ozonated water, which can be produced practically by ozone probes in a small scale and also at household levels, is a good alternative for improving microbiological quality of fresh produce.
The Effect of Salt Reduction on the Growth of Food Spoilage Bacteria in Model Broth Systems and Salt‐Adjusted Ready Meals
Authors: Durack Edel , Alonso‐Gomez Mercedes , Wilkinson Martin G. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe effect of reducing salt levels on the growth of food spoilage bacteria was investigated. In broth, no significant differences in growth of all strains were apparent at the lower salt concentrations (0–1.5% salt), while at 3.0% salt (w/v), final populations of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Lactobacillus plantarum were reduced. In three experimental ready meals, the effect of varying the salt levels over the range of 3.0–0.2% (w/w) was investigated for the growth of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Generally, little inhibition of growth of either strain was noted, except for E. coli where populations were ∼1 log10 cycle lower only in the low salt chicken curry meal at highest added salt content. Overall, decreasing salt levels from ∼3% downward did not markedly affect the growth of any of the bacterial strains studied in either broth or ready meals.Practical ApplicationsThis study may have significance in the manufacture of reduced salt foods where concerns regarding the impact of salt reduction on microbial quality may preclude a meaningful lowering of added salt levels. While growth models exist for cultures in broths with varying added salt levels, no such data exists for food matrices such as complex ready meals where growth may differ from broth models. Overall, this study of ready meals with altered salt contents suggests that significant salt reduction is achievable without compromising product safety for the microbial strains tested. Data suggest that a large‐scale salt reduction program is technically feasible for these particular products, although a case by case investigation is required to ensure all low salt foods are comparable, in terms of microbial safety with commercially available regular salt counterparts. Therefore, these scientific findings have direct practical industrial applications for ready meal manufacturers.
Impact of Scheduled Angiographic Follow‐Up in Patients Treated With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: MINDRESCU CATALIN , BRENER SORIN J. , GUERCHICOFF ALEJANDRA , FAHY MARTIN , PARISE HELEN , MEHRAN ROXANA , STONE GREGG W. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractRoutine scheduled angiographic follow‐up (SAF) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been associated with a higher rate of target vessel revascularization (TVR). Its benefits are not known. SAF at 13 months after ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was planned in the first 1,800 successfully stented patients enrolled in the Harmonizing Outcomes with RevascularIZatiON and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction (HORIZONS‐AMI) trial. We compared the outcomes of patients with and without SAF at 1 year (before SAF) and at 3 years (after SAF). There were 1,197 patients (66.5% of expected) with and 2,207 patients without SAF. Prior to SAF, the 1‐year composite rate of death or myocardial infarction (MI) was not significantly different between the 2 groups (2.7% vs. 3.9%, respectively, P = 0.06), although the rate of death was lower (0.1% vs. 2.2%, P < 0.0001), nor were there differences in the 1‐year rates of TVR, stent thrombosis or major adverse cardiac and cerebral events). At 3 years, death or MI rates were again similar between the groups (8.3% vs. 9.5%, P = 0.22), but TVR was more common in the SAF group (17.0% vs. 8.6%, P < 0.0001), due to an increase in TVR at time of SAF. In the SAF group, patients in whom TVR was performed before or after the 13‐month SAF window had markedly higher 3‐year rates of MI and stent thrombosis than patients in whom TVR was performed during SAF or not at all. In conclusion, SAF after primary PCI in STEMI is associated with doubling of the rate of revascularization without an improvement in death or MI, and therefore cannot be recommended.
The Attachment System and Physiology in Adulthood: Normative Processes, Individual Differences, and Implications for Health
Authors: Robles Theodore F. , Kane Heidi S. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAttachment theory provides a conceptual framework for understanding intersections between personality and close relationships in adulthood. Moreover, attachment has implications for stress‐related physiology and physical health. We review work on normative processes and individual differences in the attachment behavioral system, as well as their associations with biological mechanisms related to health outcomes. We highlight the need for more basic research on normative processes and physiology and discuss our own research on individual differences in attachment and links with physiology. We then describe a novel perspective on attachment and physiology, wherein stress‐related physiological changes may also be viewed as supporting the social‐cognitive and emotion regulatory functions of the attachment system through providing additional energy to the brain, which has implications for eating behavior and health. We close by discussing our work on individual differences in attachment and restorative processes, including sleep and skin repair, and by stressing the importance of developing biologically plausible models for describing how attachment may impact chronic illness.
Audit of a clinical guideline for neonatal hypoglycaemia screening
Authors: Sundercombe Samantha L , Raynes‐Greenow Camille H , Carberry Angela E , Turner Robin M , Jeffery Heather E 
Published: June 2013

AimThis study aims to evaluate adherence to a clinical guideline for screening and prevention of neonatal hypoglycaemia on the post‐natal wards.MethodsRetrospective chart review of 581 healthy term neonates born at a tertiary maternity hospital. Indications for hypoglycaemia screening included small for gestational age (SGA), infants of diabetic mothers (IDM; gestational, Type 1 or 2), symptomatic hypoglycaemia, macrosomia and wasted (undernourished) appearance. Outcomes were protocol entry and adherence with hypoglycaemia prevention strategies including early and frequent feeding and timely blood glucose measurement.ResultsOf 115 neonates screened for hypoglycaemia, 67 were IDM, 19 were SGA (including two both IDM and SGA), and two were macrosomic. One IDM and one SGA were not screened. Twenty‐two neonates were screened for a reason not identifiable from the medical record, and 13 neonates were SGA by a definition different to the guideline definition, including five who were also IDM. Guideline adherence was variable. Few neonates (41 of 106, 39%) were fed in the first post‐natal hour, and blood glucose measurement occurred later than recommended for 41 of 106 (39%) of neonates.ConclusionsMost IDM and SGA neonates were screened. While guideline adherence overall was comparable with other studies, neonates were fed late. We recommend staff education about benefits of early (within the first hour) frequent breastfeeding for neonates at risk.
Is the pollination biology ofBathysaandSchizocalyxconsistent with their segregation? A first approach for two sympatric species in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Freitas Leandro , Andrich Mariana 
Published: June 2013

AbstractTribe Condamineeae appears to be well supported in recent phylogenetic studies. However, the species ofBathysawere divided into two clades, leading to restoration ofSchizocalyx. We studied the reproductive biology of one species from each clade, which occur sympatrically in the montane Brazilian Atlantic forest. Flowering overlap was short (from December to March inB.australisand from February to June inS.cuspidatus). The flowers of both species are protogynous and homostylous and last for about 3 days. The unit of pollination inB. australisis the inflorescence. Its flowers have a greenish hypocrateriform corolla (tube about 5 mm long) and were mainly pollinated by bees and wasps in search of nectar.Schizocalyx cuspidatushas white flowers with an infundibuliform corolla (tube about 8 mm long), and its main pollinators were stingless bees in search of pollen. The pollination systems of the two species did not correspond to their pollination syndromes. Morphological differences betweenBathysaandSchizocalyxwere reflected in their pollination systems, with greater phenotypic specialization inS. cuspidatus, the flowers of which offer pollen as the main resource, an unusual feature within Rubiaceae.Schizocalyx cuspidatusshowed higher reproductive capacity by having more inflorescences per plant, more ovules per flower, and twice the proportion of flowering individuals. However, the reproductive efficiency (fruit set, seed/ovule ratio) did not differ between the species, despite the higher frequency of visits by pollinators toS. cuspidatus. Self‐compatibility inB. australisand self‐incompatibility inS. cuspidatusseem to explain these results.
Endothelial transdifferentiation in hepatocellular carcinoma: loss of Stabilin‐2 expression in peri‐tumourous liver correlates with increased survival
Authors: Géraud Cyrill , Mogler Carolin , Runge Anja , Evdokimov Konstantin , Lu Shun , Schledzewski Kai , Arnold Bernd , Hämmerling Günter , Koch Philipp S. , Breuhahn Kai , Longerich Thomas , Marx Alexander , Weiss Christel , Damm Friederike , Schmieder Astrid , Schirmacher Peter , Augustin Hellmut G. , Goerdt Sergij 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackground & AimsHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumour that is characterized by extensive vascular remodelling and responsiveness to treatment with the anti‐angiogenic multikinase inhibitor sorafenib. The aim was to study endothelial remodelling in HCC.MethodsThe murine inducible albumin‐SV40‐large T‐antigen model and two tissue microarrays (TMA) with 295 tumourous and 83 peri‐tumourous samples of 296 patients with HCC were analysed for expression of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC)‐specific marker proteins, stabilin‐1 and stabilin‐2, LYVE‐1 and CD32b.ResultsLSEC marker proteins were sequentially lost during HCC progression in the murine HCC model being absent from tumour nodules larger than 800 μm in diameter. Similarly, the TMA analysis of human HCCs revealed loss of all four marker proteins in the majority of tumourous tissue samples. Preservation of LYVE‐1 expression showed a significant correlation with low grading (G1). In corresponding peri‐tumourous liver tissue, loss of all marker proteins was seen in a minor proportion of cases (34%) while the majority of cases retained expression of at least one of the marker proteins. Loss of stabilin‐2 expression in peri‐tumourous liver tissue of patients with HCC was significantly less likely to occur (38%) than loss of the other marker proteins (63–95%) and it was associated with significantly longer tumour‐specific (P = 0.0523) and overall (P = 0.0338) survival. Loss of stabilin‐2 may enhance survival in HCC by preventing endothelial‐tumour cell adhesive interactions and microvascular invasion.ConclusionsIn summary, endothelial transdifferentiation is a major pathogenic event in HCC development indicating a switch from vessel co‐option/intussusceptive angiogenesis to sprouting angiogenesis.
Is the ‘Globalization’ of Science Always Good for Scientific Productivity and Economic Growth?
Authors: Carillo Maria Rosaria , Papagni Erasmo 
Published: June 2013

AbstractModern science is characterized by an increasing trend in collaborations and interactions among researchers. This paper aims to analyse the effects of this phenomenon on the productivity of the science sector and on the growth rate of the economy. Basic research is modelled as a contest where only those who arrive first at an innovation obtain the reward and where the interactions among researchers do contribute to production of scientific knowledge. An important result is that when interactions are significant multiple steady states emerge. Hence the ‘science globalization’ process could have enhanced the heterogeneity among scientific sectors of different countries. When there are low interactions, policies that increase connectivity could have low or even perverse effect at improving the efficiency of science, the contrary happens in high connectivity environments.
Role of antifeeding prophage (Afp) protein Afp16 in terminating the length of the Afp tailocin and stabilizing its sheath
Authors: Rybakova Daria , Radjainia Mazdak , Turner Adrian , Sen Anindito , Mitra Alok K. , Hurst Mark R. H. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryThe Serratia entomophila antifeeding prophage Afp, forms a phage‐tail‐like particle that acts on the New Zealand grass grub, Costelytra zealandica with a 3‐day LD50 of approximately 500 Afp particles per larva. Genes (afp1–18) encoding components of Afp were expressed and their products purified allowing morphological assessment of the products by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Expression of afp1–15 resulted in the formation of a non‐sheathed structure termed the tube‐baseplate complex or TBC, composed of an irregular‐length tube attached to a baseplate with associated tail fibres. Expression of afp1–16 produced mature, normal‐length Afp particles, whereas coexpression of afp16 with afp1–15 in trans resulted in the formation of aberrant Afp particles of variable lengths. A C‐terminally truncated Afp16 mutant resulted in a phenotype intermediate between mature Afp and TBC. The addition of purified Afp16 to Afp unravelled by acidic treatment resulted in the formation of shorter tubes when specimen pH was adjusted to 7 than those formed in the absence of Afp16. Analysis of TEM images of purified Afp16 revealed a hexameric ring‐like structure similar to that formed by gp3 of phage T4 and gpU of phage λ. Our results suggest that Afp16 terminates tube elongation and is involved in sheath formation.
A Golgi and tonoplast localized S‐acyl transferase is involved in cell expansion, cell division, vascular patterning and fertility in Arabidopsis
Authors: Qi Baoxiu , Doughty James , Hooley Richard 
Published: June 2013

Summary

S‐acylation of eukaryotic proteins is the reversible attachment of palmitic or stearic acid to cysteine residues, catalysed by protein S‐acyl transferases that share an Asp‐His‐His‐Cys (DHHC) motif. Previous evidence suggests that in Arabidopsis S‐acylation is involved in the control of cell size, polarity and the growth of pollen tubes and root hairs.

Using a combination of yeast genetics, biochemistry, cell biology and loss of function genetics the roles of a member of the protein S‐acyl transferase PAT family, AtPAT10 (At3g51390), have been explored.

In keeping with its role as a PAT, AtPAT10 auto‐S‐acylates, and partially complements the yeast akr1 PAT mutant, and this requires Cys192 of the DHHC motif. In Arabidopsis AtPAT10 is localized in the Golgi stack, trans‐Golgi network/early endosome and tonoplast. Loss‐of‐function mutants have a pleiotropic phenotype involving cell expansion and division, vascular patterning, and fertility that is rescued by wild‐type AtPAT10 but not by catalytically inactive AtPAT10C192A. This supports the hypothesis that AtPAT10 is functionally independent of the other Arabidopsis PATs.

Our findings demonstrate a growing importance of protein S‐acylation in plants, and reveal a Golgi and tonoplast located S‐acylation mechanism that affects a range of events during growth and development in Arabidopsis.