bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engaging IT undergraduates in non-IT content
Authors: Gallagher Sandra , Sixsmith Alan 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– This paper aims to report on the efforts made to enhance the engagement of IT students with non-IT-specific content. The mechanism to foster this engagement was the introduction of an eLearning information system (ELIS) for a finance-related subject within an IT undergraduate degree at the university. The subject developers were primarily concerned with both the learning design and the engagement of the student to enable the effective incorporation of an ELIS into the classroom.

Design/methodology/approach
– This interpretive research used a comparative case study as the aim was to gain an in-depth understanding of a particular situation. The research approach also allows an open-minded interpretation of the collected data as the researcher is interested in looking for the “Why and not the How”. Data were collected via an online university student feedback survey.

Findings
– Four key themes emerged from the data as follows: IT students learning non-IT-related content was a major driving force behind the changes to the course; staff change brought fresh eyes to the subject content and enabled improvements to occur; introducing the ELIS assisted the teaching staff to reduce preparation time while also helping students learn at the own pace; and collaborative group work helped facilitated student insights into real life work scenarios. The findings show that each of the key themes identified played a role in improving student engagement and satisfaction with the non-IT subject matter.

Originality/value
– The value of this paper is from its practical perspective. Engaging IT students in non-IT subject matter is a challenging proposition for which there is no simple solution. This paper shows that over a five-semester period and through a phased implementation of major changes, student satisfaction and engagement with non-IT subject matter has improved steadily. This paper is of interest, and hence value, to academics who encounter problems or issues of engaging students in non-domain-related subject matter.
Elements of the management of norms and their effects on the sense of virtual community
Authors: Petrič Gregor , Petrovčič Andraž 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate how decisions of managers and administrators of online communities on norms and rules affect the sense of virtual community (SOVC), which is an important factor of the quality of online information.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study followed a two-level research design based on 970 online community members, nested within 36 online communities. Data collection consisted of two stages: first a web survey of a sample of online community members was conducted, followed by a web survey of administrators of the same online communities. A two-level hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings
– The empirical results suggest that prominence of rules under the condition of members’ participation in their creation, presence of reputation mechanisms, and content moderation contribute significantly to the SOVC , while presence of lighter sanctions and interactive moderation do not.

Research limitations/implications
– Since this study is based on web forums, the validity of the proposed hypotheses for other types of online communities cannot be firmly established. Additional elements of online community management could be considered for a stronger system-level explanation of the SOVC.

Practical implications
– The study demonstrates that online community administrators need to be considerate in creating and enforcing norms, as their decisions have an impact on the SOVC and consequently on the quality of online information.

Originality/value
– The literature considers many factors of the SOVC but none of the previous studies have considered how community management is associated with this phenomenon.
Semantic trouble sources and their repair in conversations affected by Parkinson's disease
Authors: Saldert Charlotta , Ferm Ulrika , Bloch Steven 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundIt is known that dysarthria arising from Parkinson's disease may affect intelligibility in conversational interaction. Research has also shown that Parkinson's disease may affect cognition and cause word‐retrieval difficulties and pragmatic problems in the use of language. However, it is not known whether or how these problems become manifest in everyday conversations or how conversation partners handle such problems.AimsTo describe the pragmatic problems related to the use of words that occur in everyday conversational interaction in dyads including an individual with Parkinson's disease, and to explore how interactants in conversation handle the problems to re‐establish mutual understanding.Methods & ProceduresTwelve video‐recorded everyday conversations involving three couples where one of the individuals had Parkinson's disease were included in the study. All instances of other‐initiated repair following a contribution from the people with Parkinson's disease were analysed. Those instances involving a trouble source relating to the use of words were analysed with a qualitative interaction analysis based on the principles of conversation analysis.Outcomes & ResultsIn 70% of the instances of other‐initiated repair the trouble source could be related to the semantic content produced by the individual with Parkinson's disease. The problematic contributions were typically characterized by more or less explicit symptoms of word search or use of atypical wording. The conversation partners completed the repair work collaboratively, but typically the non‐impaired individual made a rephrasing or provided a suggestion for what the intended meaning had been.Conclusions & ImplicationsIn clinical work with people with Parkinson's disease and their conversation partners it is important to establish what type of trouble sources occur in conversations in a specific dyad. It may often be necessary to look beyond intelligibility and into aspects of pragmatics to understand more fully the impact of Parkinson's disease on everyday conversational interaction.
Senior work‐up assessment and treatment team in an emergency department: A randomised control trial
Authors: Davis Rebecca A , Dinh Michael M , Bein Kendall J , Veillard Anne‐Sophie , Green Timothy C 
Published: June 2014

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of a senior early assessment model of care on performance measures in a single ED.MethodsA pragmatic single‐blinded randomised control trial with day of ED presentation randomised to one of three study arms: senior work‐up assessment and treatment (SWAT) model of care intervention, non‐SWAT control or control.Primary OutcomeThe primary outcomes were the proportion of patients meeting National Emergency Access Target (NEAT) criteria (ED length of stay less than 4 h) and ED length of stay. Secondary outcome measured was time to decision to admit in the subgroup of admitted patients.ResultsA total of 1737 patients were analysed. There was no overall difference in NEAT performance (48% [95% CI 44, 51] vs 41% ([95% CI 37, 45] vs 46% [95% CI 41, 50], P = 0.09) or ED length of stay (P = 0.65) between SWAT, non‐SWAT and standard of care control groups, respectively. In the subgroup of patients discharged from ED (non‐admitted), the SWAT intervention group was associated with higher NEAT performance (P = 0.004) compared with non‐SWAT and control.ConclusionA senior early assessment model of care was not associated with improved overall NEAT performance and ED length of stay. However, there is evidence that improvements were made in the subgroup of discharged patients. There was no difference in overall NEAT performance among the three study groups.
Metaproteomics reveals the major microbial players and their biogeochemical functions in a productive coastal system in the northern South China Sea
Authors: Dong Hong‐Po , Hong Yi‐Guo , Lu Songhui , Xie Lu‐Yuan 
Published: June 2014

SummaryWe study the metaproteome of the GF/F‐prefiltered fraction of a microbial community from Shantou coast summer surface waters using a shotgun proteomic approach. Spectra attributed to the marine Roseobacter clade (MRC), the oligotrophic marine Gammaproteobacteria (OMG) group and Flavobacteria dominated in the microbial community, accounting for 21.0%, 23.2% and 12.7% of all of the detected spectra, respectively, whereas the SAR 92 clade accounted for 50% of the OMG group. The abundance of TonB‐dependent receptors (TBDRs) was detected and the majority of TBDRs were attributed to the OMG, whereas a large number of ABC transporters matched to the MRC, which suggests niche separation in the microbial community. Expression of proteorhodopsin and RagB/SusD from Flavobacteria facilitates their attachment and growth on algal‐derived organic matter. Taurine and glycine betaine appear to be an important source of carbon and nitrogen for the Rhodobacteraceae and SAR11 cluster. The detection of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, formate dehydrogenase, O‐acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase and sulfur oxidation protein from the MRC demonstrated that members of the MRC play important roles in coastal ocean biogeochemical cycles. This study provides the first insight into functional processes occurring in microbial communities in coastal waters in the South China Sea.
Immune regulation by intralymphatic immunotherapy with modular allergen translocation MAT vaccine
Authors: Zaleska A. , Eiwegger T. , Soyer Ö. , van de Veen W. , Rhyner C. , Soyka M. B. , Bekpen C. , Demiröz D. , Treis A. , Söllner S. , Palomares O. , Kwok W. W. , Rose H. , Senti G. , Kündig T. M. , Ozoren N. , Jutel M. , Akdis C. A. , Crameri R. , Akdis M. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundAllergen‐specific immunotherapy (SIT) faces problems related to side effects and limited efficacy. Direct administration of allergen extracts into lymph nodes induces increased specific IgG production and T‐cell responses using significantly lower allergen doses.MethodsIn this study, mechanisms of immune regulation by MAT vaccines in vitro and in allergen‐SIT of cat‐allergic rhinitis patients, who received 3 inguinal intra‐lymph node injections of MAT‐Fel d 1 vaccine, were investigated in PBMC and cell cultures for specific T‐cell proliferation, Fel d 1‐tetramer‐specific responses, and multiple immune regulatory molecules.ResultsMAT‐Fel d 1 vaccine was efficiently internalized by antigen‐presenting cells. This was followed by precaspase 1 cleavage to caspase 1 and secretion of IL‐1β, indicating inflammasome activation. Mat‐Fel d 1 induced specific T‐cell proliferation and an IL‐10‐ and IFN‐γ‐dominated T‐cell responses with decreased Th2 cytokines at 100 times lower doses than Fel d 1. Induction of immune tolerance by MAT‐Fel d 1‐ILIT involved multiple mechanisms of immune suppression. Early Fel d 1‐specific T‐cell activation was followed by full T‐cell unresponsiveness to allergen after 1 year in the MAT‐Fel d 1 group, characterized by increased allergen‐specific T regulatory cells, decreased circulating Fel d 1 tetramer‐positive cells, increased IL‐10 and FOXP3 expression, and change in the HR2/HR1 ratio toward HR2.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the induction of allergen tolerance after 3 intra‐lymph node injections of MAT‐Fel d 1 vaccine, mediated by increased cellular internalization of the allergen, activation of inflammasome, and generation of allergen‐specific peripheral T‐cell tolerance.
Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Blood Flow and Left Ventricular Unloading During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support in a Swine Model of Acute Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Brehm Christoph , Schubert Sarah , Carney Elizabeth , Ghodsizad Ali , Koerner Michael , McCoach Robert , El‐Banayosy Aly 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe impact of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support on coronary blood flow and left ventricular unloading is still debated. This study aimed to further characterize the influence of ECMO on coronary artery blood flow and its ability to unload the left ventricle in a short‐term model of acute cardiogenic shock. Seven anesthetized pigs were intubated and then underwent median sternotomy and cannulation for venoarterial (VA) ECMO. Flow in the left anterior descending (LAD) artery, left atrial pressure (LAP), left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured before and after esmolol‐induced cardiac dysfunction and after initiating VA‐ECMO support. Induction of acute cardiogenic shock was associated with short‐term increases in LAP from 8 ± 4 mm Hg to 18 ± 14 mm Hg (P = 0.9) and LVEDP from 5 ± 2 mm Hg to 13 ± 17 mm Hg (P = 0.9), and a decrease in MAP from 63 ± 16 mm Hg to 50 ± 24 mm Hg (P = 0.3). With VA‐ECMO support, blood flow in the LAD increased from 28 ± 25 mL/min during acute unsupported cardiogenic shock to 67 ± 50 mL/min (P = 0.003), and LAP and LVEDP decreased to 8 + 5 mm Hg (P = 0.7) and 5 ± 3 mm Hg (P = 0.5), respectively. In this swine model of acute cardiogenic shock, VA‐ECMO improved coronary blood flow and provided some degree of left ventricular unloading for the short duration of the study.
Diversity patterns in a diversity hotspot
Authors: Grytnes John‐Arvid , Felde Vivian A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractOur knowledge of diversity patterns is generally founded on studies performed in the more species‐poor part of our globe. Ibanez et al. (2014, this issue) report on patterns based on impressive field efforts in a diversity hotspot, namely New Caledonia. Some intriguing patterns arise from this study offering valuable insights in our quest to understand and manage global biodiversity.
Estimation of habitat suitability for the southern form of the short‐finned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus) in theNorthPacific
Authors: Kanaji Yu , Okazaki Makoto , Kishiro Toshiya , Miyashita Tomio 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHabitat models were developed from dedicated sighting survey data collected during summers between 1983 and 2006 in theNorthPacificOcean. Our aim was to examine the distribution pattern of the southern form of the short‐finned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus) in relation to the physical environment. We tested two different types of analytical procedures for habitat estimation: generalized linear models (GLMs) and ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and theBoyce index suggested thatGLMdefined the core habitat well, whereasENFAestimated the suitable habitat more correctly. These models indicated the core habitat within the subtropical gyre. Among the environmental variables used to construct the habitat models, the temperature at a depth of 200 m contributed most to bothGLMandENFA. This corresponds to the fact that the species mainly feeds on mesopelagic prey and that the axis of theKuroshioCurrent, in the northwestern part of the subtropical gyre, is characterized by its temperature at 200 m. Habitat suitability in the coastal waters off southernJapan also correlated with theKuroshio meander patterns. Thus, the southern form of the short‐finned pilot whale appears to be particularly well adapted to the ecosystem of theNorthPacific subtropical gyre.
Online health information, situational effects and health changes among e‐patients in Israel: A ‘push/pull’ perspective
Authors: Mano Rita 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackground/contextAccess and use of online health information become increasingly important to health‐oriented individual that may have implication for their health and wellness. The phenomenon of e‐patients suggests that e‐patients use the internet to increase health literacy and achieve health information about diagnosis, treatments, specialists and well‐being before undergoing a health changes. Online health information may not ‘fit’ consultations with providers mainly when online source of information is trusted mainly when e‐patients express lack of satisfaction with health‐care providers. The strain between the two becomes evident when e‐patients consider health changes.ObjectiveWe examine health changes among e‐patients. We assess the relationship between (a) trust in online health information and (b) satisfaction with health‐care provider to predict two types of health changes: (a) well‐being and (b) health‐care changes. We also control for ‘situational’ effects including socio‐economic and chronic illness variations.DesignA telephone survey was conducted in 2010 in Israel among approximately 4000 individuals.Setting and participantsTwo‐thousand individuals completed interviews (54% response rate). Seventy percentage were Internet users (n = 1371).Main variablesWell‐being health changes; health‐care changes; satisfaction with institutional health‐care provider; chronic illness: socio‐economic: age; gender; marital status; education.Main outcome measuresSocio‐economic and health status differences generate variations in use of online health information; trusting online health positively affects well‐being – not health‐care – changes but satisfaction with health‐care provider positively improves the likelihood for health‐care changes.FindingsThe results indicate that (a) e‐patients use online health information to make well‐being health changes – starting a diet or physical activity programme ‐ but not health‐care changes – in medication or in health‐care provider – (b) satisfaction with institutional health provider has a significant effect on health‐care decisions (c) chronically ill are not likely to use online health information.DiscussionE‐patients' expectations from health‐care institutional providers play a central role in initiating health changes. Access and use of online health information provide an alternative/additional channel for information when e‐patients consider health changes and create a push/pull decision‐making strain on both providers and recipients of health services. Health‐care providers should address e‐patients'concerns, mainly in cases of chronic illness concerns, and point to the boundaries of online health information. Traditional and novel sources of health information can increase health empowerment and better health care when communication channels between health providers and e‐patients are comfortably verified in advance and agreed upon.
The development and initial validation of a clinical tool for patients' preferences on patient participation – The 4Ps
Authors: Eldh Ann Catrine , Luhr Kristina , Ehnfors Margareta 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimsTo report on the development and initial testing of a clinical tool, The Patient Preferences for Patient Participation tool (The 4Ps), which will allow patients to depict, prioritize, and evaluate their participation in health care.BackgroundWhile patient participation is vital for high quality health care, a common definition incorporating all stakeholders' experience is pending. In order to support participation in health care, a tool for determining patients' preferences on participation is proposed, including opportunities to evaluate participation while considering patient preferences.MethodsExploratory mixed methods studies informed the development of the tool, and descriptive design guided its initial testing. The 4Ps tool was tested with 21 Swedish researcher experts (REs) and patient experts (PEs) with experience of patient participation. Individual Think Aloud interviews were employed to capture experiences of content, response process, and acceptability.Results‘The 4Ps’ included three sections for the patient to depict, prioritize, and evaluate participation using 12 items corresponding to ‘Having Dialogue’, ‘Sharing Knowledge’, ‘Planning’, and ‘Managing Self‐care’. The REs and PEs considered ‘The 4Ps’ comprehensible, and that all items corresponded to the concept of patient participation. The tool was perceived to facilitate patient participation whilst requiring amendments to content and layout.ConclusionsA tool like The 4Ps provides opportunities for patients to depict participation, and thus supports communication and collaboration. Further patient evaluation is needed to understand the conditions for patient participation. While The 4Ps is promising, revision and testing in clinical practice is required.
Assessment of Quality for Middle Level and High School Student‐Generated Water Quality Data
Authors: Peckenham John M. , Peckenham Sarah K. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractStudent scientists have analyzed groundwater used for drinking water in rural areas to understand groundwater quality. This was part of a greater effort to understand risks to drinking water. The data produced by middle level and high school students have not been accepted by experts because of concerns about method and student accuracy. We assessed the inherent errors associated with method accuracy, student precision, and sample variability to establish bounds for attainable trueness in water analyses. Analytical test kits and probes were evaluated for the determination of pH, conductivity, chloride, hardness, iron, total soluble metals, and nitrate. In terms of precision, all methods met or exceeded design specifications. Method trueness was variable and in general ranged from good to poor depending on method. A gage reproducibility and repeatability analysis of instrumental methods (pH and conductivity) partitioned the variances into student error (12‐46%), instrumental error (8‐21%), and random error (45‐68%). Overall, student‐generated data met some of the quality objectives consistent with the method limitations. Some methods exhibited a systematic bias and data adjustment may be necessary. Given good management of the student analyst process, it is possible to make precise and accurate measurements consistent with the methods specifications.
Correction of Deviation of a Partially Resected Mandible Using a Palatal Ramp with the Aid of a Semi‐Adjustable Articulator
Authors: Dudani Mohit T. , Hindocha Amit D. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPatients having undergone hemi‐mandibulectomy without further reconstruction (to restore the lost mandibular continuity) suffer functional limitations due to the resultant deviation of the segmental mandible. A palatally based guidance prosthesis (or palatal ramp prosthesis) is often indicated and is usually fabricated chairside in self‐cured acrylic resin. Establishing the correct angulation of the slope of the palatal ramp may take several attempts before a satisfactory correction is achieved. This clinical report describes a laboratory technique in which a semi‐adjustable articulator was used for fabricating the palatal ramp prosthesis. The patient's deviated mandibular position was transferred to the articulator by means of a facebow and interocclusal record. The angulation of the palatal ramp was then established on the semi‐adjustable articulator and the prosthesis fabricated in heat‐cured acrylic resin. Reduced chairside time, improved patient comfort levels, and ease in fabrication of the prosthesis on the semi‐adjustable articulator are proposed advantages of the described technique.