bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Structure and Function and Renal Insufficiency in the Oldest Old
Authors: Leibowitz David , Maaravi Yoram , Stessman‐Lande Irit , Jacobs Jeremy M. , Gilon Dan , Stessman Jochanan 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackground:People over the age of 85 years have a high incidence of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease.Hypothesis:There is an association between renal function and cardiac structure and function in subjects 85 years of age.Methods:Subjects born in the years 1920 and 1921 were recruited from the Jerusalem Longitudinal Cohort Study. Echocardiography was performed at the subject's home with assessment of cardiac structure and function. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was assessed by the Cockroft‐Gault formula, with abnormal GFR defined as ≤60 mL/min/1.73 m2.Results:There were 310 subjects who were enrolled. When GFR was examined as a continuous variable, linear regression showed a small although statistically significant relationship between GFR and left atrial volume (r = 0.15, P < 0.014), left ventricular mass index (r = 0.12, P < 0.04), and ejection fraction (r = 0.19, P < 0.03) but not with indices of diastolic function (r = 0.02, P < 0.72). However, using the accepted clinical cutoff of 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, there were no significant differences between subjects with normal and abnormal GFR in indices of cardiac structure. Ejection fraction (57.0 ± 10.4% vs 54.4 ± 10.3%; P = 0.08) and indices of diastolic function (E/e′ 12.4 ± 5.0 vs 12.3 ± 4.6; P = 0.89) were not significantly different between the 2 groups.Conclusions:A weak and clinically insignificant association was found between GFR as a continuous variable and indices of cardiac function. However, using the clinically accepted cutoff, no association between abnormal GFR and cardiac structure or function was observed.David Leibowitz, MD, and Yoram Maaravi, MD, contributed equally to this report.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Posttraumatic regeneration involves differential expression of long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons
Authors: Mashanov Vladimir S. , Zueva Olga R. , García‐Arrarás José E. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackground: Retrotransposons are mobile genetic elements that constitute a sizable proportion of eukaryote genomes. Although retroelements are known to play significant roles in embryogenesis, stress reactions, and disease progression, they have never been studied in the context of animal regeneration. Results: In this study, high‐throughput transcriptome analysis revealed unexpectedly large‐scale changes in transcriptional activity of retrotransposons in regenerating radial organs of the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima. In particular, we identified 36 long terminal repeat (LTR) retroelements, of which 20 showed significant changes in their expression during regeneration (11 up‐regulated, 8 down‐regulated, and one was initially up‐regulated, but later down‐regulated). We then studied in detail the most significantly up‐regulated element, Gypsy‐1_Hg. This transposon showed a drastic (>50‐fold) increase in expression in regeneration and started to return to the normal levels only after the anatomical organization of the injured tissues was restored. All cells expressing Gypsy‐1_Hg were located in the vicinity of the wound and included glia and neurons of the radial nerve. The retrotransposon‐expressing cells survived programmed cell death and contributed to regeneration. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate considerable changes in transcriptional activity of retrotransposons (both over‐expression and down‐regulation) associated with posttraumatic regeneration in an echinoderm. Developmental Dynamics 241:1625–1636, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Theoretical Investigation on the Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide by an Aqueous Molybdocene
Authors: Tílvez Elkin , Menéndez María I. , López Ramón 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDensity functional calculations have been performed to rationalize the oxidation of carbon monoxide by [Cp2Mo(OH)(OH2)]+ (Cp = η5‐C5H5) to give carbon dioxide and [Cp2MoH(CO)]+. Our results show that the intramolecular nucleophilic mechanism is the most favored both in the gas phase and in water solution, which is in good agreement with experimental results. The rearrangement that takes place during the nucleophilic hydroxide attack with a simultaneous hydrogen migration to the molybdenum center is the rate‐determining step in the gas phase with a Gibbs energy barrier of 48.7 kcal mol–1. In water medium, however, this combined process takes place separately and passes through a new [Cp2Mo(COOH)]+‐type intermediate. The inclusion of one explicit water molecule in the continuum solvent model computations plays a crucial role to make the nucleophilic hydroxide attack the rate‐determining step in the overall reactive process with a Gibbs energy barrier in solution of 21.2 kcal mol–1. Besides this, our results have allowed us to rationalize the relatively low conversion of [Cp2Mo(OH)(OH2)]+ that was experimentally found.
Improving the Stability and Ethanol Electro‐Oxidation Activity of Pt Catalysts by Selectively Anchoring Pt Particles on Carbon‐Nanotubes‐Supported‐SnO2
Authors: Li J. J. , Wang J. S. , Guo X. , Zhao J. H. , Song C. Y. , Wang L. C. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTo improve the stability and activity of Pt catalysts for ethanol electro‐oxidation, Pt nanoparticles were selectively deposited on carbon‐nanotubes (CNTs)‐supported‐SnO2 to prepare Pt/SnO2/CNTs and Pt/CNTs was prepared by impregnation method for reference study. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) was used to confirm the crystalline structures of Pt/SnO2/CNTs and Pt/CNTs. The stabilities of Pt/SnO2/CNTs and Pt/CNTs were compared by analyzing the Pt size increase amplitude using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images recorded before and after cyclic voltammetry (CV) sweeping. The results showed that the Pt size increase amplitude is evidently smaller for Pt/SnO2/CNTs, indicating the higher stability of Pt/SnO2/CNTs. Although both catalysts exhibit degradation of electrochemical active surface area (EAS) after CV sweeping, the EAS degradation for the former is lower, further confirming the higher stability of Pt/SnO2/CNTs. CV and potentiostatic current–time curves were recorded for ethanol electro‐oxidation on both catalysts before and after CV sweeping and the results showed that the mass specific activity of Pt/CNTs increases more than that of Pt/SnO2/CNTs, indicating that Pt/CNTs experiences more severe evolution and is less stable. The calculated area specific activity of Pt/SnO2/CNTs is larger than that of Pt/CNTs, indicating SnO2 can co‐catalyze Pt due to plenty of interfaces between SnO2 and Pt.
Toll‐like receptor activation reveals developmental reorganization and unmasks responder subsets of microglia
Authors: Scheffel Jörg , Regen Tommy , Van Rossum Denise , Seifert Stefanie , Ribes Sandra , Nau Roland , Parsa Roham , Harris Robert A. , Boddeke Hendrikus W. G. M. , Chuang Han‐Ning , Pukrop Tobias , Wessels Johannes T. , Jürgens Tanja , Merkler Doron , Brück Wolfgang , Schnaars Mareike , Simons Mikael , Kettenmann Helmut , Hanisch Uwe‐Karsten 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe sentinel and immune functions of microglia require rapid and appropriate reactions to infection and damage. Their Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) sense both as threats. However, whether activated microglia mount uniform responses or whether subsets conduct selective tasks is unknown. We demonstrate that murine microglia reorganize their responses to TLR activations postnatally and that this process comes with a maturation of TLR4‐organized functions. Although induction of MHCI for antigen presentation remains as a pan‐populational feature, synthesis of TNFα becomes restricted to a subset, even within adult central nervous system regions. Response heterogeneity is evident ex vivo, in situ, and in vivo, but is not limited to TNFα production or to TLR‐triggered functions. Also, clearance activities for myelin under physiological and pathophysiological conditions, IFNγ‐enforced upregulation of MHCII, or challenged inductions of other proinflammatory factors reveal dissimilar microglial contributions. Notably, response heterogeneity is also confirmed in human brain tissue. Our findings suggest that microglia divide by constitutive and inducible capacities. Privileged production of inflammatory mediators assigns a master control to subsets. Sequestration of clearance of endogenous material versus antigen presentation in exclusive compartments can separate potentially interfering functions. Finally, subsets rather than a uniform population of microglia may assemble the reactive phenotypes in responses during infection, injury, and rebuilding, warranting consideration in experimental manipulation and therapeutic strategies. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prevalence and predictive role of p16 and epidermal growth factor receptor in surgically treated oropharyngeal and oral cavity cancer
Authors: Chandarana Shamir P. , Lee Julia S. , Chanowski Eric J. P. , Sacco Assuntina G. , Bradford Carol R. , Wolf Gregory T. , Prince Mark E. , Moyer Jeffrey S. , Eisbruch Avraham , Worden Francis P. , Giordano Thomas J. , Kumar Bhavna , Cordell Katrina G. , Carey Thomas E. , Chepeha Douglas B. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to describe the relationship of p16 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression with survival in surgically treated patients who had oropharyngeal or oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsTissue from 36 patients with oropharyngeal SCC and 49 patients with oral cavity SCC treated between 1997 and 2001 was imbedded and immunostained using a tissue microarray.ResultsThe p16 was positive in 57% and 13% of patients with oropharyngeal SCC and oral cavity SCC, respectively. EGFR was positive in 60% and 63% of patients with oropharyngeal SCC and oral cavity SCC, respectively. In patients with oropharyngeal SCC, p16 expression was associated with improved disease‐specific survival (DSS), overall survival (OS), and time to recurrence (TTR) (p < .01, < .01, and <.01, respectively). EGFR expression was associated with poorer DSS, OS, and TTR (p < .01, = .01, and < .01, respectively). For oropharyngeal SCC, when examining both p16 and EGFR expression as combined biomarkers, high p16 expression coupled with low EGFR expression was associated with improved DSS (p p16 = .01; p EGFR = .01). Patients with oral cavity SCC showed no association between biomarker and outcome.ConclusionsFor patients with oropharyngeal SCC, high p16 and low EGFR were associated with improved outcome, suggesting a predictive role in surgically treated patients. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Intrapericardial paraganglioma associated with succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C mutation syndrome
Authors: Tracy Jeremiah C. , Wein Richard O. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundParagangliomas are benign neoplasms of neuroendocrine origin. It is estimated that from 20% to 50% of these tumors are familial. Mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) gene family have been found to be responsible for a significant percentage of familial paragangliomas.MethodsA 33‐year‐old man who was found to have 3 synchronous primary tumors including a catecholamine‐secreting intrapericardial paraganglioma is presented.ResultsGenetic workup diagnosed this patient with an underlying germ‐line mutation in the succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C (SDHC) gene; consistent with a diagnosis of hereditary paraganglioma/pheochromocytoma syndrome (PGL/PCC). Current knowledge regarding the clinical implications of an SDHC gene mutation is reviewed.ConclusionModern molecular techniques have identified that a significantly greater proportion of paragangliomas are due to underlying hereditary conditions than was previously thought. Appropriate screening in these individuals and their immediate family members may allow for early tumor diagnosis and improved disease outcomes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Lessons learned from next‐generation sequencing in head and neck cancer
Authors: Loyo Myriam , Li Ryan J. , Bettegowda Chetan , Pickering Curtis R. , Frederick Mitchell J. , Myers Jeffrey N. , Agrawal Nishant 
Published: August 2012

AbstractScientific innovation has enabled whole exome capture and massively parallel sequencing of cancer genomes. In head and neck cancer, next‐generation sequencing has granted us further understanding of the mutational spectrum of squamous cell carcinoma. As a result of these new technologies, frequently occurring mutations were identified in NOTCH1, a gene that had not previously been implicated in head and neck cancer. The current review describes the most common mutations in head and neck cancer: TP53, NOTCH1, HRAS, PIK3CA, and CDKN2A. Emphasis is placed on the involved cellular pathways, clinical correlations, and potential therapeutic interventions. Additionally, the implications of human papillomavirus on mutation patterns are discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Clinical outcomes of transoral robotic supraglottic laryngectomy
Authors: Ozer Enver , Alvarez Bianca , Kakarala Kiran , Durmus Kasim , Teknos Theodoros N. , Carrau Ricardo L. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundTransoral, minimally invasive organ preservation surgeries are being increasingly used for laryngopharyngeal carcinomas to avoid the toxicities of combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy regimens. This study investigates the efficiency, safety, and functional outcomes of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) supraglottic laryngectomy.MethodsPatients with laryngeal cancer who underwent TORS supraglottic laryngectomy and participated in a prospective TORS study between 2008 and 2011 at an academic medical center are presented.ResultsThirteen of 126 patients underwent TORS supraglottic laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer. Average robotic operative time and estimated blood loss were 25.3 minutes and 15.4 mL, respectively. Negative surgical margins were achieved in all patients. Eleven patients were started on an oral diet within 24 hours of surgery with no evidence of immediate airway compromise. Two patients (15.4%) received adjuvant radiation therapy based on pathology.ConclusionIn this preliminary study, TORS supraglottic laryngectomy was a safe procedure with good functional outcomes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Concurrent primary and metastatic cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Analysis of prognostic factors
Authors: McLean Timothy , Brunner Markus , Ebrahimi Ardalan , Gao Kan , Ch'ng Sydney , Veness Michael J. , Clark Jonathan R. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundThere is a small subgroup of patients with head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in which nodal metastases present concurrently with the primary lesion. There is evidence that these tumors may represent a more aggressive subset of cSCC. The aim of this study was to determine whether alternative clinicopathologic prognostic factors should be applied to this patient cohort.MethodsA retrospective analysis of data from prospective databases of 2 large head and neck cancer units in Sydney, Australia, was performed. Ninety‐five patients with concurrent primary and nodal metastatic head and neck cSCC were suitable for inclusion in the study.ResultsUnivariable analysis was performed for overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS). OS was adversely affected by immunosuppression (p = .011) and nodal extracapsular spread (ECS) (p = .006). Similarly, immunosuppression (p = .005) and ECS (p = .005) indicated a worse outcome for DSS. ECS and immunosuppression remained significant in the multivariable analysis.ConclusionsThis study found that adverse prognostic factors were similar to the current evidence for nonconcurrent metastatic cSCC. In particular, the primary lesion had no significant influence on survival. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Health‐related quality of life differences between African Americans and non‐Hispanic whites with head and neck cancer
Authors: Reeve Bryce B. , Cai Jianwen , Zhang Hongtao , Choi Jaeun , Weissler Mark C. , Cella David , Olshan Andrew F. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundCancers of the head and neck are associated with detriments in health‐related quality of life (HRQOL); however, little is known about different experiences between African Americans and non‐Hispanic whites.MethodsHRQOL was measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Head and Neck (FACT‐H&N) approximately 5 months postdiagnosis among 222 patients with cancer from North Carolina. Higher scores represent better HRQOL. Regression models included sociodemographic characteristics and clinical factors.ResultsAfrican Americans reported higher physical well‐being than whites (adjusted means, 23.1 vs 20.9). African Americans with incomes <$20,000 reported higher emotional well‐being (21.4) and fewer head and neck symptoms (22.0). Non‐Hispanic whites making <$20,000 reported the poorest emotional well‐being (17.3), whereas African Americans making >$20,000 reported the most head and neck symptoms (18.7).ConclusionsFurther investigation is needed to explore variation in HRQOL experiences among different race and socioeconomic groups that may inform resource allocation to improve cancer care. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Activated but not resting regulatory T cells accumulated in tumor microenvironment and correlated with tumor progression in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Lin Yung‐Chang , Mahalingam Jayashri , Chiang Jy‐Ming , Su Po‐Jung , Chu Yu‐Yi , Lai Hsin‐Yi , Fang Jian‐He , Huang Ching‐Tai , Chiu Cheng‐Tang , Lin Chun‐Yen 
Published: August 2012

AbstractActivated T regulatory (Treg) cells are potent suppressors that mediate immune tolerance. We investigated the relationship between activated Treg cells and the progression of human colon cancer. We designed a cross‐sectional study of CD4+Foxp3+ T cells from peripheral blood, primary tumor and nontumor colon tissue of 42 patients with colon cancer and correlated the percentages of different subgroups of Treg cells with colon cancer stage. The phenotypes, cytokine‐release patterns and suppression ability of these Treg cells were analyzed. We found that Treg cells increased significantly in both peripheral blood and cancer tissue. In addition, the Treg cells expressed significantly lower levels of CCR7, CD62L and CD45RA in comparison to normal volunteers. Further dividing Treg cells into subgroups based on Foxp3 and CD45RA expression revealed that both activated Treg cells (Foxp3hiCD45RA−) and nonsuppressive Treg cells (Foxp3loCD45RA−), but not resting Treg cells (Foxp3lowCD45RA+), increased in the peripheral blood and cancer tissue of patients with colon cancer. Only the activated Treg cells expressed significantly higher levels of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 and cytotoxic T‐cell antigen‐4. Activated Treg cells, however, secreted significantly lower levels of effector cytokines (interleukin‐2, tumor necrosis factor‐α and interferon‐γ) than did resting Treg cells and nonsuppressive cells upon ex vivo stimulation. Activated, but not resting, Treg cells in cancer tissue correlated with tumor metastases. In summary, we confirmed that activated Treg cells are a distinct subgroup with effector memory phenotype and fully functional regulatory activity against human colorectal cancer immunity.
Genetic polymorphisms in RNA binding proteins contribute to breast cancer survival
Authors: Upadhyay Rohit , Sanduja Sandhya , Kaza Vimala , Dixon Dan A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe RNA‐binding proteins TTP and HuR control expression of numerous genes associated with breast cancer pathogenesis by regulating mRNA stability. However, the role of genetic variation in TTP (ZFP36) and HuR (ELAVL1) genes is unknown in breast cancer prognosis. A total of 251 breast cancer patients (170 Caucasians and 81 African–Americans) were enrolled and followed up from 2001 to 2011 (or until death). Genotyping was performed for 10 SNPs in ZFP36 and 7 in ELAVL1 genes. On comparing both races with one another, significant differences were found for clinical and genetic variables. The influence of genetic polymorphisms on survival was analyzed by using Cox‐regression, Kaplan‐Meier analysis and the log‐rank test. Univariate (Kaplan‐Meier/Cox‐regression) and multivariate (Cox‐regression) analysis showed that the TTP gene polymorphism ZFP36*2 A > G was significantly associated with poor prognosis of Caucasian patients (HR = 2.03; 95% CI = 1.09–3.76; p = 0.025; log‐rank p = 0.022). None of the haplotypes, but presence of more than six risk genotypes in Caucasian patients, was significantly associated with poor prognosis (HR=2.42; 95% CI = 1.17–4.99; p = 0.017; log‐rank p = 0.007). The effect of ZFP36*2 A > G on gene expression was evaluated from patients' tissue samples. Both TTP mRNA and protein expression was significantly decreased in ZFP36*2 G allele carriers compared to A allele homozygotes. Conversely, upregulation of the TTP‐target gene COX‐2 was observed ZFP36*2 G allele carriers. Through its ability to attenuate TTP gene expression, the ZFP36*2 A > G gene polymorphism has appeared as a novel prognostic breast cancer marker in Caucasian patients.
Persicarin is anti‐inflammatory mediator against HMGB1‐induced inflammatory responses in HUVECs and in CLP‐induced sepsis mice
Authors: Kim Tae Hoon , Ku Sae‐Kwang , Bae Jong‐Sup 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHigh mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is a crucial nuclear cytokine that mediates inflammatory responses, whereas persicarin is an active compound from Oenanthe javanica that has been widely researched for its neuroprotective and antioxidant activities. However, little is known of the effects of persicarin on HMGB1‐mediated inflammatory response. Here, we investigated this issue by monitoring the effects of persicarin on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and on the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)‐mediated releases of HMGB1 and the effects of persicarin on the HMGB1‐mediated modulation of inflammatory response. Persicarin potently inhibited the release of HMGB1 and down‐regulated HMGB1‐dependent inflammatory responses in human endothelial cells, and inhibited HMGB1‐mediated hyperpermeability and leukocyte migration in mice. Furthermore, persicarin reduced CLP‐induced HMGB1 release and sepsis‐related mortality. Given these results, persicarin should be viewed as a candidate therapeutic for the treatment of severe vascular inflammatory diseases, such as, sepsis or septic shock. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 696–703, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inheritance and Developmental Pattern of Cerebral Hernia in the Crested Polish Chicken
Authors: Yoshimura Keiji , Kinoshita Keiji , Mizutani Makoto , Matsuda Yoichi , Saito Noboru 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA number of crested chicken strains, such as the Polish chicken, exhibit a bony protuberance in the anterodorsal region of their skulls. The shape of their brain shows the anatomical peculiarity that is characterized by the upthrusting of cerebral hemispheres, called “cerebral hernia.” Some early works suggested that this phenotype may be caused by a genetic factor and any modifiers influencing the development of brain and/or skull. However, the causative gene and its formation mechanism are still unclear. The present study is aimed to analyze the inheritance and ontogenic process of cerebral hernia in the crested Polish chicken. Firstly, we constructed the resource family with the Polish chicken and PNP inbred strain. Genetic analysis of this family revealed that cerebral hernia is controlled by a single autosomal recessive gene and is closely associated with crest formation. Furthermore, our morphological analysis of brain structures in the progenies suggested that the significant enlargement of brain cavity at later stages of embryos, particularly after 15 days of incubation, may be the main cause of cerebral hernia. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 9999B:613–620, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.