bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nucleophilic Addition Reactions of Tricarbonyl [η5‐1‐(Phenylthio)Cyclohexadienyl]Iron(I) Complex
Authors: Chou Shang‐Shing P. , Hsu Chien‐Hung 
Published: May 2015

AbstractHydride abstraction of tricarbonyl[η4phenylthio)‐l,3‐cyclohexadiene]iron(0) complex 2 with Ph3C+PF6− regiospecifically provided the title compound 3 in excellent yield. Cationic complex 3 could react with a variety of nucleophiles in good yield. Hard nucleophiles prefer to attack at the C‐l position, whereas soft and hindered nucleophiles favor attack at the C‐5 position. Some synthetic applications were also studied.
Application of a Hexa‐Electrode Electrochemical Detector for Flow Injection Analysis
Authors: Chen Mei‐Cheng , Huang Hsuan‐Jung 
Published: May 2015

AbstractExtending from the development of dual‐electrode electrochemical detector, a hexa‐electrode electrochemical detector for use with the FIA was proposed. With this hexa‐electrode detector, the in‐series and in‐parallel modes of dual‐electrode can be easily performed either individually or simultaneously. Feasibility of the hexa‐electrode detector for repetitive analyses which would result in an enhancement of S/N ratio was demonstrated by running the square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) analysis of cadmium. From the normalized linear calibration graph and the enhanced sensitivity obtained. applicability of the HED as a versatile electrochemical detector for flow injection analysis was confirmed.
Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography of Cephalosporin Antibiotics
Authors: Chen Su‐Hwei , Wu Hsin‐Lung , Wu Shou‐Mei , Kou Hwang‐Shang , Lin Shun‐Jin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA simple micellar electrokinetic chromatographic (MEKC) method is described for the simultaneous separation of twelve cephalosporin antibiotics. The separation was performed in a phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 6.6) with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (0.1 M) as an anionic surfactant. The complete separation of twelve cephalosporins was attained in 36 min. Application of the method to the quantitative analysis of cefuroxime, cephalexin, cephapirin and cephradine in pharmaceutical preparations was demonstrated.
Substitution Reaction of Tetracyanoethylene with Acetone‐Anils
Authors: Lin Wen‐Chung , Huang Shing‐Ting , Lin Shaw‐Tao 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe products from the condensation of acetone‐anils (1) and TCNE reaction were characterized after separation. The main products, tricyanoethylene derivatives (7–9) were isolated with the malonodinitrile derivatives (10–12), respectively. The [2+2] cycloaddition product (13), namely 5‐methoxy‐3,4‐(2′,2′,3′,3′‐tetracyanocyclobutano)‐l,2‐dihydro‐2,2,4‐trimethylquinoline also has been isolated. The distribution of these three products is substituent dependent.
The Substituent Effects of tert‐Butyl Radical Addition to 2‐Substituted Allyl Chlorides
Authors: Wu Yuh‐Wern 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe relative rates for the addition reactions of tert‐butyl radical to 2‐substituted ally chlorides I have een determined. The correlation of log k/k0, vs. σm gives a ρ mvalue of 3.59 with correlation coefficient of 0.930. When the substituent CH2Cl is excluded, correlation coefficient raises to 0.990 and ρ value becomes 3.39. The large p value and the deviation of relative rate of substituent CH2C1 are discussed.
New Naphthoquinones from the Stem of Diospyros maritime Blume
Authors: Kuo Yueh‐Hsiung , Chang Chi‐I , Kuo Yao‐Haur 
Published: May 2015

AbstractFour naphthoquinones together with one known naphthoquinone were isolated from the stems of Diospyros maritima Blume. Four naphthoquinones were elucidated as 2,2′‐, 2,3′‐, 3,2′‐, and 3,3′‐diethoxy‐isodiospyrins, respectively, on the basis of spectral properties.
Electrochemical Study of the Micellization of Hexadecylpyridinium Bromide in the Presence of Some Crown Ethers
Authors: Shamsipur Mojtaba , Alizadeh Naader , Gharibi Hossein , Mousavi Mir Fazlollah 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA membrane electrode selective to hexadecylpyridinium bromide was used to study the micellization of the surfactant in the presence of varying concentrations of crown ethers 15‐crown‐5, dicyclohexyl‐18‐crown‐6 and dicyclohexyl‐24‐crown‐8 at 27°C. The critical micelle concentration of surfactant was largely influenced by the crown ethers used, indicating their participation in the structure of the resulting micelle. The degree of attachment of crown ethers to the surfactant in the micellar structure was found to be 1. An estimation of the Kf for the 1:1 surfactant‐crown interaction in the micellar region is reported. The degree of counter ion dissociation was found to increase with the crown ether concentration, and with the nature of macrocyclic ligands in the order 15‐crown‐5 < dicyclohexyl‐ l8‐crown‐6 < dicyclohexyl‐24‐crown‐8. There was also some evidences for a rather strong interaction between dicyclohexyl‐24‐crown‐8 and the surfactant in the submicellar concentration ranges in solution.
Calibration of CCl2FCCIF2 (CFC‐113) and its Effects on the Atmospheric Long‐Term Measurements
Authors: Wang Jia‐Lin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA simple but innovated calibration procedure for the measurements of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere is introduced via the use of CCI2FCCIF2 (CFC‐113) long‐term global data set as an illustration. Non‐linear response for the electron capture detector toward CFC‐113 was carefully calibrated within and beyond the measurement working range. Our measurement results, after correction for non‐linearity, are in excellent agreement with those of the ALE/GAGE monitoring program, suggesting our calibration method along with its results are experimentally sound and well executed.Our global measurements show that, after years of rapid growth of CFC‐113 in the atmosphere, its concentration had been leveling‐off and even started to decline in 1995.
Synthesis and Characterization of Push‐Pull Porphyrins
Authors: Chen Chin‐Ti , Hsieh Shih Jung 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA series of “push‐pull” porphyrins with 4‐nitrophenyl and 4‐aminophenyl substituents were synthesized and separated by flash column chromatographic techniques. They were fully characterized by elemental analysis, FAB‐MS, FTIR, UV‐visible, and 1H NMR spectroscopies. The unsymmetrical π‐electron distribution of the porphyrins caused by the donor (amino) and acceptor (nitro) substituents were investigated by 1H NMR technique. The pyrrole‐H resonance positions can be correlated to the Hammett σ constants of the substituents. Although with strong donor and acceptor substituents, UV‐visible spectra show the push‐pull porphyrins have rather weak solvatochromism and hence limited intramolecular charge‐transfer character.
The Diphenylacetylene Reaction with Tricarbonylbis(η2‐cis‐cyclooctene)iron in the Presence or Absence of Carbon Monoxide
Authors: Liu Ling‐Kang , Chang Kuo‐Yang , Wen Yuh‐Sheng 
Published: May 2015

AbstractKnown to be a facile irontricarbonyl transfer reagent, (η2‐cis‐C8H14)2Fe(CO)3 1 transfers its Fe(CO)3 unit to a variety of ligands at low temperature. Stirring a THF mixture of 1 and PhC=CPh under N2(g) at −60 °C for 1 h then at room temperature overnight provides mainly a flyover‐bridge product [‐CPh=CPhC(0)‐CPh=CPh‐]Fe2(CO)6 2 with the organic bridge on diiron core in a complicated μ‐(1,2,5‐η3:1,4,5‐η3) fashion. The keto fragment in 2 comes presumably from the decomposition of 1 that liberates CO. However, stirring a THF mixture of 1 and PhC=CPh under CO(g) at −60 °C for 3 h then at room temperature overnight results in [‐C(0)CPh=CPhC(0)‐]Fe(CO)4 3, a compound not isolated in the earlier thermal or photochemical reactions of PhC=CPh with ironcarbonyl. The X‐ray structure determinations for both 2 and 3 have been performed.
Chemical Transformations of 4,6‐Dimethyl‐2β‐hydroxy‐8‐oxo‐3,5,7‐trioxatetracyclo[7.2.1.04,11.06,10]dodecane
Authors: Chern Jyh‐Haur , Wu Hsien‐Jen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractReactions of 4,6‐dimethyl‐2β‐hydroxy‐8‐oxo‐3,5,7‐trioxatetracyclo‐[7.2.1.0.4,11.06,10]dodecane 1 with nucleophiles have been studied. Reaction of 1 with alcohols, triethylsilane, allyltrimethylsilane, and methylthiotrimethylsilane in CH2Cl2 in the presence of TiCL4, gave the substitution products 2,7a, 7b, and 7c in 80‐90% yields. The substitution reaction took place chemoselectively on the hemiacetal group of I. Reaction of 1 with cyanotrimethylsilane in CH2C12 in the presence of TiCL4, gave compound 8 and the rearranged product 9. The structure of 9 was proven by X‐ray analysis.
Synthesis of α‐Arylthioalkyl Esters: The Addition Reactions of Vinyl Esters with Arylthiols Catalyzed by Lipase
Authors: Lee Ren‐Shen 
Published: May 2015

Abstractα‐Arylthioalkyl esters can be prepared by the addition reactions of vinyl esters with arylthiols in the presence of Pseudomonas lipase (PSL) as catalyst. In the toluene, the reaction mixtures were stirred at 60 °C for three days, the chemical yields up to 85% were obtained.
Smectic Bimetallomesogens: Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties in Oxygen‐Bridged Dicopper and Divanadyl Complexes
Authors: Leu Yi‐Fun , Lai Chung K. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe synthesis and mesomorphic properties of a homologous series of N‐(3‐hydroxypropyl)‐4‐alkoxylsalicylaldimine, N‐(3‐hydroxypropyl)‐4‐(4′‐alkoxybenzoxy)salicylaldimine, and their dicopper(II) and di‐oxovanadium(VI) complexes are reported. Copper complexes exhibited monotropic smectic A phases; however, vanadyl complexes showed no mesomorphism. A systematic comparison revealed that the meso‐genie behaviors of these bimetallic complexes are induced by the weak intermolecular force and determined mainly by the central metal. The effects on the structural variations near the metal central cores and side chain density are also discussed.
Microwave‐Optical Double Resonance and Intermodulated Fluorescence Studies of Thioformaldehyde
Authors: Ramsay Donald A. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractStudies of the 410 band of the Ã 1A2 X̃1A1 transition of thioformaldehyde by means of intermodulated fluorescence and microwave‐optical double resonance have revealed numerous small perturbations in the excited state levels caused by high rovibronic levels of the ground state. Singlet‐triplet perturbations have been studied by the same techniques and also by anticrossings produced in the presence of a magnetic field. The use of microwave‐optical double resonance for studying collisional processes is discussed.
Mass Spectra of Substituted Butenolides
Authors: Lin Shaw‐Tao , Kuo Yuch‐Hsiung , Wang Eng‐Chi , Lin Wen‐Chung 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe mass spectra of a series of substituted butenolides were studied. Their fragmentations in the mass spectrometer strongly depend upon the nature of the substitutents. The fragment's ions include the lactone skeletons, substituents, and resultant derived from the loss of a carbon dioxide from lactone.
Active Chemical Constituents from Sauropus androgynus
Authors: Wang Perng‐Haur , Lee Shoei‐Sheng 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThis paper describes the chemical investigation on BuOH‐soluble EtOH extract from the aerial part of Sauropus androgynus. This study led to the characterization of six bioactive ingredients including three nucleosides—adenosine (1), 5′‐deoxy‐5′‐methylsulphinyl‐adenosine (2), and uridine (3), two flavonol dioside — 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucosyl‐7‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnosyl‐kaempferol (4), 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucosyl‐kaempferol (5), and one rare flavonol trioside — 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucosyl‐7‐O‐α‐L‐rhamno‐syl‐kaempferol (6). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis.
Tannins and Related Compounds from Quisqualis Indica
Authors: Lin Ta‐Chen , Ma Ying‐Tsun , Wu Jender , Hsu Feng‐Lin 
Published: May 2015

AbstractContinuous exploration of the chemical constituents of Combretaceous plants has led to the discovery of two novel ellagitannins, quisqualin A (1) and quisqualin B (2), from the fruits of Quisqualis indica. A total of twenty‐one other tannins were also isolated from either the fruits or leaves of Q. indica. including [I] eleven ellagitannins: 2,3‐(S)‐HHDP‐D‐glucose (3), 2,3‐(S)‐HHDP‐4‐O‐galloyl‐D‐glucose (4), 2,3‐(S)‐HHDP‐6‐O‐galloyl‐D‐glucose (5), 2,3‐(S)‐HHDPA6‐di‐O‐galloyl‐D‐glucose (6). pedunculagin (7), punicalagin (8), eugeniin (9), 1‐desgalloyleugeniin (10), casuariin (11), 5‐desgalloylstachyurin (12), castalagin (13); [II] five gallotannins‐. 6‐O‐galloyl‐D‐glucose (14), 1,6‐di‐O‐galloyl‐β‐D‐glucose (15), 2,3‐di‐O‐galloyl‐D‐glucose (16), 3,4‐di‐O‐galloyl‐D‐glucose (17), 4,6‐di‐O‐galloyl‐D‐glucose (18); [III] four phenol‐carboxylic acids: gallic acid (19), ellagic acid (20), flavogallonic acid (21), brevifolin carboxylic acid (22) and [IV] one other hydrolyzable tannin: punicalin (23).
Ab‐inito Calculations in Reductive Bond‐breaking Reaction of C‐X Bond in CH3X and CH2X2 with X = F and CI
Authors: Lu Shih‐I , Mou Chung‐Yuan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractMP4/6‐31+G* level calculations are performed to study the reductive bond‐breaking reaction of the C‐X bond in halomethanes, CH3X and CH2X2 where X is a fluorine atom or chlorine atom. This type of reaction involves a radical anion, after attaching an extra electron to the halomethane molecule, in which a C‐X bond‐breaking takes place. Products are a radical and a halogen anion. The equilibrium geometry and bond dissociation energy of the C‐X bond thus found are in good agreement with previous theoretical and experimental results. The anomeric effect, electrostatic effect, and radical re‐stabilization effect, are investigated to find their influences on bond length and bond dissociation energy in CH3X and CH2X2. Potential energy curves are calculated for the reductive bond‐cleavage process, and trends in activation energy for various cases are discussed.
Synthesis and Characterization of Oligo(2,7‐biphenylenylene‐(E)‐vinylene)s: Conjugated Oligomers Containing Antiaromatic 12‐π Electron Units
Authors: Kwong Chi‐Yuen , Chan Tze‐Lock , Chow Hak‐Fun , Lin Shi‐Chun , Leung Man‐Kit 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe syntheses and the electronic properties of oligo(2,7‐biphenylenylene‐(E)‐vinylene)s are reported. According to our spectral analysis, a limit of 2.5 ev for the peak band‐gap of poly(2,7‐biphenylenylene‐(E)‐vinylene)s is estimated. In addition, we discovered that oligo(2,7‐biphenylenylene‐(E)‐vinylene)s are amphoteric and can be either oxidized or reduced electrochemically.
Manganese(III) Acetate Initiated Oxidative Free Radical Reaction between 2‐Anilino‐1,4‐naphthoquinones and Diethyl Malonate
Authors: Chuang Che‐Ping , Wang Sheow‐Fong 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA free radical reaction between 2‐anilino‐1,4‐naphthoquinones and diethyl malonate initiated by manganese (III) acetate is described. This reaction provides a novel method for the synthesis of 5,6,11,12‐tetra‐hydro‐6,11‐dioxo‐benzo[b]acridines. With a meta substituent on the anilino group, this reaction shows poor to high regioselectivity depending on the steric effect of the substituents on the anilino group and malonate.
Synthesis of Tricyclic Skeletons Mediated by (Diene)Fe(CO)3 Complexes
Authors: Yeh Ming‐Chang P. , Chuang Li‐Wen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSequential additions of carbon nucleophiles to the (η5‐pentadienyl)Fe(CO)3 cation afforded tricyclo[6.3.0.02.6]undecane, tricyclo[6.4.0.02.6]dodecane, tricyclo[7.3.0.02.7]dodecane and tricyclo[7.4.0.02.7]‐tridecane derivatives. The same strategy can also be applied to construct heterotricyclic skeletons.
Production, Purification and Characterization of the Hen Egg‐White Lysozyme Inhibitor from Enterobacter cloacae M‐1002
Authors: Wang San‐Lang , Pai Chyi‐Sheng , Shieh Sun‐Tung 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThree hen egg‐white lysozyme inhibitor producing strains, Enterobacter cloacae M‐1002, E. sakazakii M‐1204, and Erwinia rhapontici H‐55, were isolated from the soils of Taiwan. E. cloacae M‐1002 appeared to be a promising inhibitor producing strain. One inhibitor was isolated from the culture broth of this strain. Maximum lysozyme inhibitory activity was obtained when the bacterium was grown aerobically in a medium consisting of 0.75% glucose, 0.25% beef extract, 1.0% polypeptone, and 0.25% sodium L‐glutamate (pH 70) at 37 °C after 36–48 hrs. A hen egg‐white lysozyme inhibitor was isolated from the culture broth of this strain. The inhibitor was purified from the culture supernatant of E. cloacae M‐1002 by ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE‐Sepharose CL‐6B column chromatography and Fractogel TSK HW‐55 (S) gel chromatography. Molecular weight of the purified lysozyme inhibitor was estimated to be 18, 000–20, 000 by SDS‐PAGE and HPLC, and was composed of 71% amino acid and 23% total sugar. Serine, glycine, and alanine in a 3:2:1 molar ratio were the major amino acids, calculated to be 32.8, 20.3, and 11.4% (mol%), respectively. Glucose and mannose were the major sugar components of the inhibitor. The inhibitor was stable at pH 5 to 8 and was stable under 50 °C. Only hen egg‐white lysozyme was inhibited by the purified inhibitor but not the other tested enzymes such as lysozyme of celery, turnip; lytic enzyme of Pseudomonas aeruginosa M‐1001; chitinase/lysozyme of P. aeruginosa K‐187; or cellulase and xylanase of Streptomyces actuosus A‐151 and Aspergillus sp. G‐393. The inhibition of lysozyme to the bacterial cell lytic activity by the purified inhibitor was 100%.
Cytotoxic Principles from Saussurea Lappa and Corydalis Turtshaninovii f. Yanhusuo
Authors: Wu Tian‐Shung , Leu Yann‐Lii , Kuoh Chang‐Sheng , Jiang Shwu‐Duan , Chen Chieh‐Fu , Lee Kuo‐Hsiung 
Published: May 2015

AbstractFour protoberberine alkaloids, berberine, palmatine, dehydrocorydaline and coptisine were characterized as cytotoxic principles from the tuber of Corydalis turtshaninovii f. yanhusuo. On the other hand, dehydrocostus lactone and costunolide demonstrated cytotoxicity from the root of Saussurea lappa. Their structures were elucidated by spectral analyses.
Intramolecular Diels‐Alder Reactions of Thio‐Substituted Dienes with Enones
Authors: Chou Shang‐Shing P. , Yu Yu‐Ju 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThio‐substituted dienes bearing an enone moiety were readily prepared from 3‐sulfolenes, and their intramolecular Diels‐Alder (IMDA) reactions were studied. Octahydronaphthalenones were produced in good yield with high stereoselectivity. Hexahydroindenones were also obtained, but the stereoselectivity was lower.
Lead Tetraacetate Oxidation on Caryachine, A Phenolic Pavine
Authors: Chiou Chi‐Ming , Lee Shoei‐Sheng 
Published: May 2015

AbstractLead tetraacetate oxidation on caryachine, a pavine alkaloid possessing a phenolic group at the position para to the N‐methine, in dichloromethane yielded four products — 10‐acetoxy‐O‐acetyl‐caryachine, 10‐acetoxycaryachine, 7‐acetoxy‐O‐acetylcaryachine and (6S, 11R, 12R)‐11‐acetoxy‐O‐acetyl‐caryachine. The reaction took place via adoption of an acetoxy group at a position majorly ortho to the phenolic group, but very minorly at the desired benzylic position para to the phenolic group.
Synthetic and Spectral Studies of Some Nickel Complexes Involving the Iminoquinolinone‐Type Ligand
Authors: Ou Jiunn Yau , Kuo Kung Tu 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this study we prepared N,O‐bidentate ligands, sodium salt of 5‐(4′‐hydroxyphenylimino)quinolin‐8‐one, and sodium salt of 5,8‐quinolinequinone‐5‐(8‐hydroxy‐5‐quinolylimide) [indoöxine]. According to experimental results, formation of nickel complexes causes a large bathochromic shift of the absorption bands; in addition, these absorption bands appear in the near‐infrared region at 678‐812 nm. Also, EA, 13C NMR, UV, and IR were performed to characterize these complexes. The above results suggest that coordination occurs via the oxygen atom of the quinoneimine moiety and the nitrogen atom of the pyridine moiety.
Improved Syntheses of Halofuranose Derivatives with the Desired α‐Configuration
Authors: Chin Tsung‐Mei , Huang Liang‐Kuen , Kan Lou‐Sing 
Published: May 2015

AbstractChlorination of ribofuranose or 2‐deoxyribofuranose derivatives was carried out in a 1,4‐dioxane solution of hydrogen chloride. This improved procedure allowed the syntheses of 1‐chloro‐α‐D‐ribofuranose and 1‐chloro‐2‐deoxy‐α‐D‐ribofuranose derivatives and offered ease of handling, high yield, and the stereo‐controlled α‐configuration at C‐I.
Synthetic Approach Towards Hexaprismane. A Novel Entry to Homosecohexaprismane Skeleton by Cage Enlargement
Authors: Chou Teh‐Chang , Lin Gerng‐Horng , Yeh Yu‐Lin , Lin Kuan‐Jiuh 
Published: May 2015

AbstractA series of caged 1,4‐diols, 26, 29a/29b, 31, were synthesized from the Diels‐Alder cycloadduct 21 of 1,2,3,4‐tetrachloro‐5,5‐dimethoxycyclopentadiene and 1,4‐benzoquinone. Reduction of enedione 21 with aqueous TiCl3, followed by base‐catalyzed enolization in the presence of acetic anhydride, gave diene 23b, which reacted with maleic anhydride and 1,4‐benzoquinone to produce the corresponding [4+2] cycloadducts 24b and 27, respectively. The adduct 24b was converted to birdcaged 1,4‐diol 26 by photocyclization followed by decarboxylative olefination of resulted caged anhydride 25b. The adduct 27 was photocyclized to cage compound 28, which was aromatized to dihydroquinone 29a by acid‐catalyzed enolization, or benzo‐annulated compound 31 by reduction and dehydration. The birdcaged 1,4‐diols 26 and 31 underwent fragmentation induced by (diacetoxyiodo)benzene to give enediones 38/39 and 41/42, respectively. Photocyclization of 38 and 39 produced the corresponding caged compounds 43 and 44, respectively, possessing homosecohexaprismane skeletons. The corresponding monohydrate 43a of 43 was structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction.
Studies on Condensed Heterocyclic Compounds XVI. Synthesis of 3‐Alkyl‐6‐(2,4‐Dichlorophenoxymethyl)‐s‐Triazolo[3,4‐b]‐1,3,4‐Thiadiazoles and 6,6′‐Bis(3‐Aryl‐s‐Triazolo[3,4‐b]‐1,3,4‐Thiadiazoles)
Authors: Zhang Zi‐Yi , Sun Xiao‐Wen , Chu Chang‐Hu , Zhao Lan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractSeveral 3‐alkyl‐6‐(2,4‐dichlorophenoxymethyl)‐s‐triazolo[3,4‐b]‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoles 3a‐3e and 6,6′‐bis(3‐aryl‐s‐triazolo[3,4‐b]‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoles) 3f‐3j were synthesized. The structures of all the compounds synthesized were elucidated by elemental analyses and spectral data. The representative compounds 3a and 3b exhibited moderate biological activities.
Characterization of the Effects of Vanadium Traps in Cracking Catalysts by Imaging Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry and Microactivity Test
Authors: Lin Long‐Hui , Chao Kuei‐Jung , Ling Yong‐Chien , Hwang Jan‐Fu , Hou Liang‐Yuan 
Published: May 2015

AbstractThe vanadium trapping effect of Mg and La containing additives in cracking catalyst contaminated with 2300 ppm Ni and 4700 ppm V has been analyzed by microactivity test (MAT) and imaging secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The results of SIMS imaging are consistent with cracking activity data and show that the La/spinel is a superior vanadium trap for the fluid catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons (FCC) operation. La/spinel serves as a dual function additive for both vanadium trap and SOx removal. The optimum amount of La/spinel added to the cracking catalyst is about 15% by weight. This results in an increased catalytic activity, an increase in gasoline yield, and a decrease in coke and gas factors. The MgAl2O4 phase of Mg/Al2O3 additive is found capable of trapping vanadium while its MgO of Mg/Al2O3 phase can migrate to zeolite particles (the active component of the FCC catalyst) that, in turn, causes a decline in the activity of that catalyst.