bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex and Surgical Outcomes and Mortality After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Risk‐Adjusted Analysis
Authors: Singh Jasvinder A. , Kwoh C. Kent , Richardson Diane , Chen Wei , Ibrahim Said A. 
Published: January 2013

ObjectiveTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a widely utilized and effective treatment option for end‐stage knee osteoarthritis (OA). Knee OA is more prevalent among women compared to men, but there are limited data on the sex differences in surgical outcomes after primary TKA.MethodsOur sample consisted of all primary TKAs performed in Pennsylvania during the fiscal year 2002. We used International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes to identify major complications and surgical revision. We used mixed‐effects logistic regression models to examine the associations between sex and all‐cause mortality, readmissions, and major surgical complications. We used proportional hazards models to assess the risk of surgical revision after index arthroplasty. We adjusted for race, age, hospital teaching status, hospital procedure volume, insurance status, and risk of mortality.ResultsIn 17,994 primary TKAs, there were 46 and 220 deaths at 30 days and 1 year, respectively. Compared to women, men had higher adjusted odds of 1‐year mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.48 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.13–1.94]) after primary TKA. The overall odds of most major 30‐day complications did not differ by sex except for surgical wound infections, which were higher in men compared to women (OR 1.31 [95% CI 1.08–1.60]); 30‐day readmission was higher in men (OR 1.25 [95% CI 1.10–1.43]). Men had significantly higher rates of revision of index knee arthroplasty at 5 years (hazard ratio 1.20 [95% CI 1.05–1.36]) compared to women.ConclusionThe higher rates of mortality, hospital readmissions, revision surgery, and wound infections in men undergoing elective primary TKA compared to women indicate there is a sex disparity in these outcomes.
A new aerodynamic decoupled frequential FDIR methodology for satellite actuator faults
Authors: Baldi P. , Castaldi P. , Mimmo N. , Simani S. 
Published: January 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents new results regarding the development of a supervision scheme for a nonlinear satellite model. The main issue concerns the handling of frequency faults affecting the reaction wheels of a spacecraft attitude control system, that is, how to detect and isolate faults, how to determine the different frequencies characterising these faults through spectral analysis and lastly, how to prevent propagation into failures with potential mission abortion as a consequence. Thus, this work investigates the design of a scheme for fault detection, isolation and control reconfiguration applied to the reaction wheels of a spacecraft attitude control, based on the satellite model. This scheme is classifiable as active fault tolerant control. As the study focuses on a general satellite nonlinear model, where aerodynamic and gravitational disturbances, as well as measurement errors, are present, the robustness of the suggested strategy is achieved by exploiting an explicit disturbance decoupling method via a nonlinear geometric approach. To achieve accurate fault diagnosis, aerodynamic disturbance decoupling represents the key point because the aerodynamic model is often uncertain. Moreover, an improvement of the nonlinear geometric approach is presented, to realise both aerodynamic and manoeuvre decoupled fault diagnosis. To the best authors’ knowledge, this is the first works presenting a methodology for frequency fault diagnosis, which is based on the nonlinear geometric approach for fault and disturbance decoupling. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed methodology can achieve better performances with respect to traditional fault detection and isolation schemes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fractal Inorganic−Organic Interfaces in Hybrid Membranes for Efficient Proton Transport
Authors: Maneeratana Vasana , Bass John D. , Azaïs Thierry , Patissier Amaury , Vallé Karine , Maréchal Manuel , Gebel Gérard , Laberty‐Robert Christel , Sanchez Clément 
Published: January 2013

AbstractA facile method for preparing highly conductive hybrid organic−inorganic membranes is reported. These membranes are synthesized using an electrospinning process with a sol−gel‐based solution containing PVDF−HFP (polyvinylidenefluoride‐hexafluoropropylene), functionalized or not functionalized silicon alkoxides, and additives. Proton conduction measurements highlight that these hybrid membranes exhibit conductivity value of 101 mS/cm at 120 °C under 80% RH (relative humidity), comparable to the best Nafion measured under the same conditions. These membranes have a proton conductivity‐humidity variation close to Nafion and a modulus value higher than that for Nafion above 80 °C. Their proton conductivity value is about 15 mS/cm under 50% RH, and it constitutes one of the highest values reported. These interesting properties are related to the microstructure of the electrospun membranes that have been characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). The electrospun membranes are made composed of a bundle of fibers surrounded by a functionalized silica network. The bundle of fibers corresponds to the assembly of small polymer fibers surrounded by small anisotropic functionalized silica domains. Coupling the reactive chemistry of the sol–gel‐based process with electrospinning allows the design of hybrid membranes with fractal hydrophobic/hydrophilic interfaces exhibiting different length scales.
Nano‐Imprinted Ferroelectric Polymer Nanodot Arrays for High Density Data Storage
Authors: Chen Xiang‐Zhong , Li Qian , Chen Xin , Guo Xu , Ge Hai‐Xiong , Liu Yun , Shen Qun‐Dong 
Published: January 2013

AbstractFerroelectric vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF‐TrFE)] free‐standing ultrahigh density (≈75 Gb inch−2) nanodot arrays are successfully fabricated through a facile, high‐throughput, and cost‐effective nano‐imprinting method using disposable anodic aluminum oxide with orderly arranged nanometer‐scale pores as molds. The nanodots show a large‐area smooth surface morphology, and the piezoresponse in each nanodot is strong and uniform. The preferred orientation of the copolymer chains in the nanodot arrays is favorable for polarization switching of single nanodots. The ferroelectric polymer memory prototype can be operated by a few volts with high writing/erasing speed, which comply with the requirements of integrated circuit. This approach provides a way of directly writing nanometer electronic features in two dimensions by piezoresponse force microscopy probe based technology, which is attractive for high density data storage.
Associations of the 5‐hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) Receptor 1B gene (HTR1B) with alcohol, cocaine, and heroin abuse
Authors: Cao Jian , LaRocque Emily , Li Dawei 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAbnormal serotonergic pathways are implicated in numerous neuropsychiatric disorders including alcohol and drug dependence (abuse). The human 5‐hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B, encoded by the HTR1B (5‐HT1B) gene, is a presynaptic serotonin autoreceptor that plays an important role in regulating serotonin synthesis and release. Although there was evidence of associations of the HTR1B gene variants in the etiologies of substance use disorders, negative findings were also reported. To clarify the roles of commonly reported single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the HTR1B gene underlying alcohol and drug dependence (abuse), we performed a meta‐analysis based on the available genotype data from individual candidate gene‐based association studies. Evidence of association was found between the functional SNP −161A>T (rs130058) and alcohol, cocaine, and heroin dependence (e.g., P = 0.03 and odds ratio (OR) = 1.2 (1.02, 1.42) in the combined European, Asian, African, and Hispanic populations). SNP −261T>G (rs11568817) also showed evidence of association but with different directions in Europeans and non‐Europeans (e.g., P = 0.0018 with OR = 1.42 (1.14, 1.76) and P = 0.01 with ORs = 0.5 (0.3, 0.85), respectively). This meta‐analysis supports the associations of HTR1B −261T>G and −161A>T with alcohol and drug abuse and further investigations are warranted in larger samples. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Closer Look at Aryne Chemistry: Details that Remain Mysterious
Authors: Wu Chunrui , Shi Feng 
Published: January 2013

AbstractRecent studies of aryne chemistry have left some unexplained details in their reactivity, reaction mechanisms, and structure‐activity relationships. This Focus Review summarizes some of the questions and findings that we do not expect or understand. Further studies of these details will hopefully enrich aryne chemistry to provide further understanding and find more applications of aryne chemistry.
Preparation of polyacrylamide/graphite oxide superabsorbent nanocomposites with salt tolerance and slow release properties
Authors: Zhu Zhao‐Qi , Sun Han‐Xue , Li Gui‐Xian , Liang Wei‐Dong , Bao Xue‐Mei , An Jin , La Pei‐Qing , Dai Jian‐Feng , Li An 
Published: January 2013

AbstractNovel polyacrylamide/graphite oxide (PAM/GO) superabsorbent nanocomposites were synthesized by a simple solution polymerization of acrylamide using N,N ′‐methylenebisacrylamide as crosslinker and ammonium persulfate as initiator. The well dispersion of GO nanoplatelets in the polymeric network results in a remarkable improvement on the comprehensive swelling performance of the resulting superabsorbent nanocomposites. The water absorption experimental results show that the superabsorbent nanocomposites could absorb water as twice as that of crosslinked polyacrylamide (PAM) superabsorbent with a weight gain of 400 g g−1 with a low loading of GO. The salt tolerance and water‐retention ability of the resulting PAM/GO superabsorbent nanocomposites are also enhanced compared with PAM. Moreover, by embedding of ammonium salt into PAM/GO network, the PAM/GO superabsorbent nanocomposites also exhibit a slow release behavior of ammonium salt from network when swelling in water, which makes the PAM/GO superabsorbent nanocomposites multifunctional absorbent materials with great potential for agricultural and horticultural applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Ultrasound Can Improve the Accuracy of the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism Classification Criteria for Rheumatoid Arthritis to Predict the Requirement for Methotrexate Treatment
Authors: Nakagomi Daiki , Ikeda Kei , Okubo Ayako , Iwamoto Taro , Sanayama Yoshie , Takahashi Kentaro , Yamagata Mieko , Takatori Hiroaki , Suzuki Kotaro , Takabayashi Katsuhiko , Nakajima Hiroshi 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) refer to a possible use of ultrasound “for confirmation of the clinical findings.” We undertook this study to determine the optimized definition of ultrasound‐detected synovitis for the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria and to assess the impact of its use on the accuracy of RA classification.MethodsOne hundred nine patients with musculoskeletal symptoms for ≤3 years were enrolled in the study. Patients underwent clinical, laboratory, radiographic, and comprehensive ultrasonographic assessments at baseline and received routine management from expert rheumatologists who were blinded to the ultrasound findings.ResultsSensitivity and specificity of the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria using different definitions of synovitis to identify patients who developed a disease requiring methotrexate (MTX) treatment within 1 year were 58.5% and 79.4%, respectively, for clinical synovitis (tenderness or swelling), 78.0% and 79.4%, respectively, for ultrasound‐detected synovitis with a gray‐scale (GS) imaging score ≥1 (GS ≥1 ultrasound synovitis), and 56.1% and 93.7%, respectively, for GS ≥2 ultrasound synovitis or a synovial power Doppler (PD) signal score ≥1 (GS ≥2/PD ≥1 ultrasound synovitis). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for the criteria scores revealed the largest area under the curve with GS ≥2/PD ≥1 ultrasound synovitis.ConclusionUltrasound assessment improves the accuracy of the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria for identifying patients with a disease requiring MTX treatment. Our data provide preliminary but vital information for the methodology to confirm the presence of synovitis using ultrasound in the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria.
Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Is Up‐Regulated in the Skin of Patients With Systemic Sclerosis and Induces Profibrotic Genes and Intracellular Signaling That Overlap With Those Induced by Interleukin‐13 and Transforming Growth Factor β
Authors: Christmann Romy B. , Mathes Allison , Affandi Alsya J. , Padilla Cristina , Nazari Banafsheh , Bujor Andreea M. , Stifano Giuseppina , Lafyatis Robert 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc) and compare its effects in vivo and in vitro with those of interleukin‐13 (IL‐13) and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ).MethodsSkin biopsy specimens from patients with dcSSc (n = 14) and healthy controls (n = 13) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence for TSLP, TSLP receptor, CD4, CD8, CD31, and CD163 markers. Wild‐type, IL‐4Rα1–, and TSLP‐deficient mice were treated with TGFβ, IL‐13, poly(I‐C), or TSLP by osmotic pump. Human fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with TGFβ, IL‐13, poly(I‐C), or TSLP. Microarray analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to determine gene expression, and protein levels of phospho‐Smad2 and macrophage marker CD163 were tested.ResultsTSLP was highly expressed in the skin of dcSSc patients, more strongly in perivascular areas and in immune cells, and was produced mainly by CD163+ cells. The skin of TSLP‐treated mice showed up‐regulated clusters of gene expression that overlapped strongly with those in IL‐13– and TGFβ‐treated mice. TSLP up‐regulated specific genes, including CXCL9, proteasome, and interferon (IFN)–regulated genes. TSLP treatment in IL‐4Rα1–deficient mice promoted similar cutaneous inflammation as in wild‐type mice, though TSLP‐induced arginase 1, CCL2, and matrix metalloproteinase 12 messenger RNA levels were blocked. In PBMCs, TSLP up‐regulated tumor necrosis factor α, Mx‐1, IFNγ, CXCL9, and mannose receptor 1 gene expression. TSLP‐deficient mice treated with TGFβ showed less fibrosis and blocked expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and osteopontin 1. Poly(I‐C)–treated mice showed high levels of cutaneous TSLP.ConclusionTSLP is highly expressed in the skin of dcSSc patients and interacts in a complex manner with 2 other profibrotic cytokines, TGFβ and IL‐13, strongly suggesting that it might promote SSc fibrosis directly or indirectly by synergistically stimulating profibrotic genes, or production of these cytokines.
Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 Expression in Response to Double‐Stranded RNA in Human Chondrocytes
Authors: Radwan Marta , Gavriilidis Christos , Robinson John H. , Davidson Rose , Clark Ian M. , Rowan Andrew D. , Young David A. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP‐13) expression in chondrocytes via pattern‐recognition receptors (PRRs) for double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA).MethodsDifferential expression of PRRs was determined by real‐time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) of RNA from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and patients with femoral neck fracture (as normal control). Isolated human articular chondrocytes and the chondrosarcoma cell line SW‐1353 were activated with poly(I‐C) of different molecular weights as a dsRNA mimic, and changes in gene and protein expression were monitored by real‐time RT‐PCR and immunoblotting, respectively.ResultsThe dsRNA signaling moieties Toll‐like receptor 3 (TLR‐3), retinoic acid–inducible gene 1 (RIG‐1), and nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain–like receptor X1 were all differentially expressed in OA cartilage compared to normal cartilage, as determined by gene expression screening. Depletion of the dsRNA‐sensing receptors TLR‐3, RIG‐1, or melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5 (MDA‐5) suppressed the induction of MMP13 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression by poly(I‐C), regardless of its mode of delivery. In addition, depletion of the downstream transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 resulted in reduced induction of MMP13 mRNA expression by poly(I‐C).ConclusionSignaling by dsRNA in chondrocytes requires a range of PRRs, including TLR‐3, RIG‐1, and MDA‐5, for the full‐induction of MMP13, thus providing tight regulation of a gene critical for maintenance of cartilage integrity. Our data add to the understanding of MMP13 regulation, which is essential before such mechanisms can be exploited to alleviate the cartilage destruction associated with OA.
Amelioration of Systemic Fibrosis in Mice by Angiotensin II Receptor Blockade
Authors: Marut Wioleta , Kavian Niloufar , Servettaz Amélie , Hua‐Huy Thong , Nicco Carole , Chéreau Christiane , Weill Bernard , Dinh‐Xuan Anh Tuan , Batteux Frédéric 
Published: January 2013

AbstractObjectiveSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by microvascular damage, fibrosis of skin and visceral organs, and autoimmunity. Previous studies have shown that angiotensin II is involved in the synthesis of type I collagen. We investigated whether the blockade of angiotensin II receptor type I (AT1) by irbesartan reduces skin and lung fibrosis in 2 murine models of SSc.MethodsSSc was induced by daily intradermal injection of HOCl into the backs of BALB/c mice (HOCl‐induced SSc). Mice were treated daily with irbesartan by oral gavage.ResultsIrbesartan reduced dermal thickness, collagen concentration, Smad2/3, and α‐smooth muscle actin expression, as well as fibroblast proliferation and H‐Ras expression in the skin of mice with HOCl‐induced SSc. Mice treated with irbesartan also displayed less lung fibrosis, less inflammation, and a lower concentration of collagen in the lungs than untreated mice. Exhaled nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and 3‐nitrotyrosine expression in the lungs were decreased following irbesartan treatment. Moreover, irbesartan reduced the number and the proliferation of splenic B and T cells and the serum levels of anti–DNA topoisomerase I autoantibodies.ConclusionIrbesartan, an AT1 antagonist, prevents fibrosis and inflammation and inhibits nitric oxide production in HOCl‐induced models of systemic fibrosis. Our findings extend the indication of an AT1 antagonist to SSc patients with diffuse fibrosis, especially those with lung involvement.
Utilization of biogenic residues and wastes in thermochemical systems for the production of fuels: current status of the project
Authors: Tröger Nicole , Kröger Michael , Richter Daniel , Förster Sascha , Schröder Jörg , Zech Konstantin , Liemen Franziska , Stahl Ralph , Müller‐Langer Franziska 
Published: January 2013

AbstractFor the production of alternative fuels, biogenic residues and waste materials were thermochemically converted by fast pyrolysis in a joint project between the Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum (DBFZ) and the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). Biogenic residues and wastes which are not used so far or which could be utilized more efficiently were studied to add to the line of feedstock for future thermochemical applications. Project work includes the investigation and selection of possible residual feedstock and its potential, conversion of several feedstocks (e.g. different varieties of straw, hay, waste wood, bark, driftwood) by fast pyrolysis, and energetic use of the products to generate electricity and heat. An ecological and economic evaluation was conducted for an integral view of the process and feedstock utilized. Besides research and experimental activities of the project, a database on biomass pyrolysis tests has been established for public use. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
A techno‐economic review of hydroprocessed renewable esters and fatty acids for jet fuel production
Authors: Pearlson Matthew , Wollersheim Christoph , Hileman James 
Published: January 2013

AbstractJet fuels produced from sources other than petroleum are receiving considerable attention because they offer the potential to diversify energy supplies while mitigating the net environmental impacts of aviation. The hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA) process is a commercially deployed technology that converts vegetable oils and animal fats from triglycerides into hydrocarbons suitable for use in diesel and jet fuels. The technical means of producing alternative fuels from renewable oils, and the resulting carbon intensity has been documented in previous work. However, the cost of production is not available in the literature. This work reviews HEFA fuel production, and estimates the gate price of fuel for several plant sizes and operating conditions. Aspen Plus was used to model biorefinery material and energy balances for unit operations and supporting utilities. A discounted‐cash‐flow‐rate‐of‐return (DCFROR) economic model was used for sensitivity analysis. The gate price was found to range between $1.00 L–1 for a 378 MML yr–1 HEFA facility, and $1.16 L–1 for a 116 MML yr–1 facility. Maximizing jet fuel production ranged between $0.07 and $0.08 L–1 due to increased hydrogen use and decreased diesel and jet fuel yield. While feedstock cost is the most significant portion of fuel cost, facility size, financing, and capacity utilization also influence production costs. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Expression of functionally active sialylated human erythropoietin in plants
Authors: Jez Jakub , Castilho Alexandra , Grass Josephine , Vorauer‐Uhl Karola , Sterovsky Thomas , Altmann Friedrich , Steinkellner Herta 
Published: January 2013

AbstractRecombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO), a glycohormone, is one of the leading biopharmaceutical products. The production of rhEPO is currently restricted to mammalian cell expression systems because of rhEPO's highly complex glycosylation pattern, which is a major determinant for drug‐efficacy. Here we evaluate the ability of plants to produce different glycoforms of rhEPO. cDNA constructs were delivered to Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) and transiently expressed by a viral based expression system. Expression levels up to 85 mg rhEPO/kg fresh leaf material were achieved. Moreover, co‐expression of rhEPO with six mammalian genes required for in planta protein sialylation resulted in the synthesis of rhEPO decorated mainly with bisialylated N‐glycans (NaNa), the most abundant glycoform of circulating hEPO in patients with anemia. A newly established peptide tag (ELDKWA) fused to hEPO was particularly well‐suited for purification of the recombinant hormone based on immunoaffinity. Subsequent lectin chromatography allowed enrichment of exclusively sialylated rhEPO. All plant‐derived glycoforms exhibited high biological activity as determined by a cell‐based receptor‐binding assay. The generation of rhEPO carrying largely homogeneous glycosylation profiles (GnGnXF, GnGn, and NaNa) will facilitate further investigation of functionalities with potential implications for medical applications.