bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scalable synthesis of oleoyl ethanolamide by chemical amidation in a mixed solvent
Authors: Wang Xiaosan , Han Zhengyang , Chen Yang , Jin Qingzhe , Wang Xingguo 
Published: November 2015

AbstractOleoyl ethanolamide is a lipid mediator that exhibits biological activity in animal and cell models. In this study, an effective process is described to synthesize oleoyl ethanolamide by chemical amidation with native oil used as an acyl donor in the presence of sodium methoxide. Reaction conditions were optimized. When the amidation reaction was conducted in a mixed solvent, by reacting 2 mmol high oleic sunflower oil and 20 mmol ethanolamine in the presence of 1.5 % sodium methoxide with agitation, >90 % fatty acid ethanolamide was formed after 3 h of reaction time. The fatty acid ethanolamide product was purified by a two‐step crystallization process to prepare oleoyl ethanolamide. Highly pure oleoyl ethanolamide was obtained in a 70.3 % molar yield. The novelty of the work is the use of native oil as acyl donor and the mixed solvent used as the reaction media. The use of native oil avoids the formation of ion pairs with ethanolamine that can occur in other synthesis routes.
Mapping of quantitative trait loci underlying resistance to cassava anthracnose disease
Authors: BOONCHANAWIWAT A. , SRAPHET S. , WHANKAEW S. , BOONSENG O. , SMITH D. R. , TRIWITAYAKORN K. 
Published: November 2015

SUMMARYCassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an economically important root crop in Thailand, which is ranked the world's top cassava exporting country. Production of cassava can be hampered by several pathogens and pests. Cassava anthracnose disease (CAD) is an important disease caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. manihotis. The pathogen causes severe stem damage resulting in yield reductions and lack of stem cuttings available for planting. Molecular studies of cassava response to CAD will provide useful information for cassava breeders to develop new varieties with resistance to the disease. The current study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) and DNA markers associated with resistance to CAD. A total of 200 lines of two F1 mapping populations were generated by reciprocal crosses between the varieties Huabong60 and Hanatee. The F1 samples were genotyped based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) and expressed sequence tag-SSR markers and a genetic linkage map was constructed using the JoinMap®/version3·0 program. The results showed that the map consisted of 512 marker loci distributed on 24 linkage groups with a map length of 1771·9 centimorgan (cM) and a mean interval between markers of 5·7 cM. The genetic linkage map was integrated with phenotypic data for the response to CAD infection generated by a detached leaf assay test. A total of three QTL underlying the trait were identified on three linkage groups using the MapQTL®/version4·0 program. Those DNA markers linked to the QTL that showed high statistically significant values with the CAD resistance trait were identified for gene annotation analysis and 23 candidate resistance genes to CAD infection were identified.
Backward runaway electrons in a subnanosecond air discharge at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Tarasenko Victor F. , Kostyrya Igor' D. , Beloplotov Dmitry V. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn the paper, we study the conditions for the generation of backward runaway electrons through a grounded grid cathode in atmospheric pressure air at high-voltage pulses with a full width at half maximum of 1 ns and risetime of 0.3 ns applied to the gap from a SLEP-150 pulser. The study confirms that backward runaway electrons and X-rays do arise near grid cathodes in atmospheric pressure air. It is shown that the current of the backward beam and the X-rays from the gas diode depend differently on the interelectrode distance. The average X-ray exposure dose in a pulse is more than 3.5 mR.
Relation entre la mastication et la qualité de l'alimentation des aînés de l’Étude longitudinale québécoise sur la nutrition et le vieillissement (NuAge)
Authors: Cusson Valérie , Payette Hélène , Caron Christian , Shatenstein Bryna , Gaudreau Pierrette 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the quality of mastication and dietary intake among community-dwelling older adults (67-84 years). A secondary analysis of data collected upon entry of participants in the NuAge study was effected. Perceived masticatory efficiency (n=1793) was measured using a questionnaire inspired by theOral Health Impact Profile. Direct assessment of masticatory efficiency was carried out in a subsample (n=94), using a validated clinical test (Swallowing Threshold Test Index,0-100%). Dietary intake was calculated from three non-consecutive 24h recalls. Mean scores indicate good perceived masticatory efficiency (Men:26.22±0.19/28;Women:25.81±0.21/28), but weak assessed efficiency (Men:60.8% [CI(57.3-64.2)]; Women:61.2% [CI(57.7-64.7)]). Multivariate regression analysis, adjusting for confounding variables (age, sex, schooling, living alone, income, smoking, chronic conditions, functional autonomy), showed that masticatory efficiency (measured or perceived) was not associated with intake of fruits/vegetables, protein, vitamin C or folic acid.
Senesino’s Negotiations with the Royal Academy of Music: Further Insight into the Riva–Bernardi Correspondence and the Role of Singers in the Practice of Eighteenth-Century Opera
Authors: Bucciarelli Melania 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis article examines the protracted negotiations between the castrato Francesco Bernardi, known as ‘Senesino’, and the Royal Academy of Music, documented in five letters sent by the singer to diplomat Giuseppe Riva between 1717 and 1720. They reveal a tight network of singers, patrons and agents, and highlight how Senesino negotiated not only for a role of primo uomo in the cast, but also for a role of artistic influence in London. This episode in Senesino’s career together with examples of ‘unofficial’ directorial practice and ‘hidden’ artistic influence of singers such as Nicola Grimaldi (‘Nicolini’), Antonio Bernacchi and Luigi Marchesi suggest a yet stronger presence of singers, especially castrati, in the economy of eighteenth-century opera than has been hitherto recognised.
‘Sancta Cæcilia Rediviva’. Elizabeth Linley: Repertoire, Reputation and the English Voice
Authors: Aspden Suzanne 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn the early 1770s, Elizabeth Linley was, for a few short years, not just Britain’s most celebrated singer, but also the subject of almost cult-like devotion. Her brief career demonstrated a general awareness on the part of audience, singer and managers alike of the value of enmeshing of art, voice and life in the construction of a successful public persona. The extraordinary adulation she inspired suggests more than just canny use of publicity, however: her cultivation of an apparently distinctive sound and association with a particular repertoire – Handelian oratorio – at a time when Handel was particularly revered suggests British interest in the development of a national musical voice, as well as repertoire.
Multiscale and multiresolution modeling of shales and their flow and morphological properties
Authors: Tahmasebi Pejman , Javadpour Farzam , Sahimi Muhammad 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe need for more accessible energy resources makes shale formations increasingly important. Characterization of such low-permeability formations is complicated, due to the presence of multiscale features and defies conventional methods. High-quality 3D imaging may be an ultimate solution for revealing the complexities of such porous media, but acquiring them is costly and time consuming. High-quality 2D images, on the other hand, are widely available. A novel three-step, multiscale, multiresolution reconstruction method is presented that directly uses 2D images in order to develop 3D models of shales. It uses a high-resolution 2D image representing the small-scale features to reproduce the nanopores and their network, a large scale, low-resolution 2D image to create the larger-scale characteristics and generates stochastic realizations of the porous formation. The method is used to develop a model for a shale system for which the full 3D image is available and its properties can be computed. The predictions of the reconstructed models are in excellent agreement with the data. The method is, however, quite general and can be used for reconstructing models of other important heterogeneous materials and media. Two biological examples and from materials science are also reconstructed to demonstrate the generality of the method.
Determination of RNA polymerase binding surfaces of transcription factors by NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Drögemüller Johanna , Strauß Martin , Schweimer Kristian , Jurk Marcel , Rösch Paul , Knauer Stefan H. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn bacteria, RNA polymerase (RNAP), the central enzyme of transcription, is regulated by N-utilization substance (Nus) transcription factors. Several of these factors interact directly and only transiently, with RNAP to modulate its function. As details of these interactions are largely unknown, we probed the RNAP binding surfaces of Escherichia coli (E. coli) Nus factors by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Perdeuterated factors with [1H,13C]-labeled methyl groups of Val, Leu and Ile residues were titrated with protonated RNAP. After verification of this approach with the N-terminal domain (NTD) of NusG and RNAP we determined the RNAP binding site of NusE. It overlaps with the NusE interaction surface for the NusG C-terminal domain, indicating that RNAP and NusG compete for NusE and suggesting possible roles for the NusE:RNAP interaction, e.g. in antitermination and direct transcription:translation coupling. We solved the solution structure of NusA-NTD by NMR spectroscopy, identified its RNAP binding site with the same approach we used for NusG-NTD and here present a detailed model of the NusA-NTD:RNAP:RNA complex.
Protein receptor-independent plasma membrane remodeling by HAMLET: a tumoricidal protein-lipid complex
Authors: Nadeem Aftab , Sanborn Jeremy , Gettel Douglas L. , James Ho C. S. , Rydström Anna , Ngassam Viviane N. , Klausen Thomas Kjær , Pedersen Stine Falsig , Lam Matti , Parikh Atul N. , Svanborg Catharina 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA central tenet of signal transduction in eukaryotic cells is that extra-cellular ligands activate specific cell surface receptors, which orchestrate downstream responses. This ‘’protein-centric” view is increasingly challenged by evidence for the involvement of specialized membrane domains in signal transduction. Here, we propose that membrane perturbation may serve as an alternative mechanism to activate a conserved cell-death program in cancer cells. This view emerges from the extraordinary manner in which HAMLET (Human Alpha-lactalbumin Made LEthal to Tumor cells) kills a wide range of tumor cells in vitro and demonstrates therapeutic efficacy and selectivity in cancer models and clinical studies. We identify a ‘’receptor independent” transformation of vesicular motifs in model membranes, which is paralleled by gross remodeling of tumor cell membranes. Furthermore, we find that HAMLET accumulates within these de novo membrane conformations and define membrane blebs as cellular compartments for direct interactions of HAMLET with essential target proteins such as the Ras family of GTPases. Finally, we demonstrate lower sensitivity of healthy cell membranes to HAMLET challenge. These features suggest that HAMLET-induced curvature-dependent membrane conformations serve as surrogate receptors for initiating signal transduction cascades, ultimately leading to cell death.
Nanostructured gold microelectrodes for SERS and EIS measurements by incorporating ZnO nanorod growth with electroplating
Authors: Zong Xianli , Zhu Rong , Guo Xiaoliang 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this paper, a fine gold nanostructure synthesized on selective planar microelectrodes in micro-chip is realized by using an advanced hybrid fabrication approach incorporating growth of nanorods (NRs) with gold electroplating. By this developed nanostructure, integration of in-situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement for label-free, nondestructive, real-time and rapid monitoring on a single cell has been achieved. Moreover, parameters of Au nanostructures such as size of nanoholes/nanogaps can be controllably adjusted in the fabrication. We have demonstrated a SERS enhancement factor of up to ~2.24 × 106 and double-layer impedance decrease ratio of 90% ~ 95% at low frequency range below 200 kHz by using nanostructured microelectrodes. SERS detection and in-situ EIS measurement of a trapped single cell by using planar microelectrodes are realized to demonstrate the compatibility, multi-functions, high-sensitivity and simplicity of the micro-chip system. This dual function platform integrating SERS and EIS is of great significance in biological, biochemical and biomedical applications.
Generation of enterocyte-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells for drug absorption and metabolism studies in human small intestine
Authors: Ozawa Tatsuya , Takayama Kazuo , Okamoto Ryota , Negoro Ryosuke , Sakurai Fuminori , Tachibana Masashi , Kawabata Kenji , Mizuguchi Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2015

AbstractEnterocytes play an important role in drug absorption and metabolism. However, a widely used enterocyte model, Caco-2 cell, has difficulty in evaluating both drug absorption and metabolism because the expression levels of some drug absorption and metabolism-related genes in these cells differ largely from those of human enterocytes. Therefore, we decided to generate the enterocyte-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells (hiPS-ELCs), which are applicable to drug absorption and metabolism studies. The efficiency of enterocyte differentiation from human iPS cells was significantly improved by using EGF, SB431542 and Wnt3A and extending the differentiation period. The gene expression levels of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and peptide transporter 1 in the hiPS-ELCs were higher than those in Caco-2 cells. In addition, CYP3A4 expression in the hiPS-ELCs was induced by treatment with 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or rifampicin, which are known to induce CYP3A4 expression, indicating that the hiPS-ELCs have CYP3A4 induction potency. Moreover, the transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) value of the hiPS-ELC monolayer was approximately 240 Ω*cm2, suggesting that the hiPS-ELC monolayer could form a barrier. In conclusion, we succeeded in establishing an enterocyte model from human iPS cells which have potential to be applied for drug absorption and metabolism studies.
The lung cancer breath signature: a comparative analysis of exhaled breath and air sampled from inside the lungs
Authors: Capuano Rosamaria , Santonico Marco , Pennazza Giorgio , Ghezzi Silvia , Martinelli Eugenio , Roscioni Claudio , Lucantoni Gabriele , Galluccio Giovanni , Paolesse Roberto , Di Natale Corrado , D’Amico Arnaldo 
Published: November 2015

AbstractResults collected in more than 20 years of studies suggest a relationship between the volatile organic compounds exhaled in breath and lung cancer. However, the origin of these compounds is still not completely elucidated. In spite of the simplistic vision that cancerous tissues in lungs directly emit the volatile metabolites into the airways, some papers point out that metabolites are collected by the blood and then exchanged at the air-blood interface in the lung. To shed light on this subject we performed an experiment collecting both the breath and the air inside both the lungs with a modified bronchoscopic probe. The samples were measured with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and an electronic nose. We found that the diagnostic capability of the electronic nose does not depend on the presence of cancer in the sampled lung, reaching in both cases an above 90% correct classification rate between cancer and non-cancer samples. On the other hand, multivariate analysis of GC-MS achieved a correct classification rate between the two lungs of only 76%. GC-MS analysis of breath and air sampled from the lungs demonstrates a substantial preservation of the VOCs pattern from inside the lung to the exhaled breath.
Analysis of key genes of jasmonic acid mediated signal pathway for defense against insect damages by comparative transcriptome sequencing
Authors: Yang Fengshan , Zhang Yuliang , Huang Qixing , Yin Guohua , Pennerman Kayla K. , Yu Jiujiang , Liu Zhixin , Li Dafei , Guo Anping 
Published: November 2015

AbstractCorn defense systems against insect herbivory involve activation of genes that lead to metabolic reconfigurations to produce toxic compounds, proteinase inhibitors, oxidative enzymes and behavior-modifying volatiles. Similar responses occur when the plant is exposed to methyl jasmonate (MeJA). To compare the defense responses between stalk borer feeding and exogenous MeJA on a transcriptional level, we employed deep transcriptome sequencing methods followingOstrinia furnacalisleaf feeding and MeJA leaf treatment. 39,636 genes were found to be differentially expressed withO. furnacalisfeeding, MeJA application andO. furnacalisfeeding and MeJA application. Following Gene Ontology enrichment analysis of the up- or down- regulated genes, many were implicated in metabolic processes, stimuli-responsive catalytic activity and transfer activity. Fifteen genes that indicated significant changes in theO. furnacalisfeeding group:LOX1, ASN1, eIF3, DXS, AOS, TIM, LOX5, BBTI2, BBTI11, BBTI12, BBTI13, Cl-1B, TPS10, DOXandA20/AN1were found to almost all be involved in jasmonate defense signaling pathways. All of the data demonstrate that the jasmonate defense signal pathway is a major defense signaling pathways of Asian corn borer’s defense against insect herbivory. The transcriptome data are publically available at NCBI SRA: SRS965087.
Mechanosensitive TRPM7 mediates shear stress and modulates osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells through Osterix pathway
Authors: Liu Yi-Shiuan , Liu Yu-An , Huang Chin-Jing , Yen Meng-Hua , Tseng Chien-Tzu , Chien Shu , Lee Oscar K. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractMicroenvironments that modulate fate commitments of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are composed of chemical and physical cues, but the latter ones are much less investigated. Here we demonstrate that intermittent fluid shear stress (IFSS), a potent and physiologically relevant mechanical stimulus, regulates osteogenic differentiation of MSCs through Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7)-Osterix axis. Immunostaining showed the localization of TRPM7 near or at cell membrane upon IFSS and calcium imaging analysis demonstrated the transient increase of cytosolic free calcium. Expressions of osteogenic marker genes including Osterix, but not Runx2, were upregulated after three-hour IFSS. Phosphorylation of p38 and Smad1/5 was promoted by IFSS as well. TRPM7 gene knockdown abolished the promotion of bone-related gene expressions and phosphorylation. We illustrate that TRPM7 is mechanosensitive to shear force of 1.2 Pa, which is much lower than 98 Pa pressure loading reported recently and mediates distinct mechanotransduction pathways. Additionally, our results suggest the differential roles of TRPM7 in endochondral and intramembranous ossification. Together, this study elucidates the mechanotransduction in MSCs fate commitments and displays an efficient mechano-modulation for MSCs osteogenic differentiation. Such findings should be taken into consideration when designing relevant scaffolds and microfluidic devices for osteogenic induction in the future.
Improvement in Mouse iPSC Induction by Rab32 Reveals the Importance of Lipid Metabolism during Reprogramming
Authors: Pei Yangli , Yue Liang , Zhang Wei , Wang Yanliang , Wen Bingqiang , Zhong Liang , Xiang Jinzhu , Li Junhong , Zhang Shaopeng , Wang Hanning , Mu Haiyuan , Wei Qingqing , Han Jianyong 
Published: November 2015

AbstractInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have variable expression levels of a series of genes that affect their pluripotent potential, but the regulatory mechanisms controlling reprogramming remain unclear. By testing the efficiency of iPSC generation using Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 (termed OSK) plus one additional gene, we found that Rab32 improved reprogramming efficiency. We established a system for detecting the number and the size of lipid droplets and autophagosomes per cell for tracking their morphological changes during reprogramming. Our results showed that Rab32 increased lipid storage during the early and middle stages and also increased autophagy during the middle stage of reprogramming. These findings were further confirmed by the up-regulation of lipid biosynthesis and autophagosome formation related genes, of which their expression could improve iPSC induction. The inhibition of lipid biosynthesis and autophagosome formation significantly reduced reprogramming efficiency and the inhibition of lipid synthesis phenotype could be rescued by the overexpression of Rab32. In addition, the expression of pluripotency genes such as Klf2, Nr5a2 and Tbx3, was up-regulated by Rab32. These results demonstrated that Rab32 could improve the induction of iPSCs through the enhancement of lipid biosynthesis, highlighting the importance of lipid metabolism during reprogramming.
Effect of co-morbidities on the development of oral feeding ability in pre-term infants: a retrospective study
Authors: Giannì Maria Lorella , Sannino Patrizio , Bezze Elena , Plevani Laura , di Cugno Nathalie , Roggero Paola , Consonni Dario , Mosca Fabio 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPre-term infants frequently experience difficulties in attaining independent oral feeding, thus delaying the achievement of an adequate nutritional status and hospital discharge. The aim of this retrospective, single-centre, observational study was to investigate the effect of co-morbidities on the timing of the achievement of full oral feeding in pre-term infants. The neonatal and feeding data of 84 infants born at a gestational age of <32 weeks were collected and the effect of co-morbidities on the achievement of feeding independence was evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis. The mean postmenstrual age at the time of the achievement of full oral feeding was 36.7 ± 3.68 weeks (range 33–53) weeks. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that a low birth weight, the occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and the need for gastrointestinal surgical procedures were independently associated with a higher postmenstrual age at achievement of full oral feedings.