bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kleine–Levin syndrome in 120 patients: Differential diagnosis and long episodes
Authors: Lavault Sophie , Golmard Jean‐Louis , Groos Elisabeth , Brion Agnès , Dauvilliers Yves , Lecendreux Michel , Franco Patricia , Arnulf Isabelle 
Published: January 2015

ObjectiveKleine–Levin syndrome is a rare disease characterized by recurrent episodes of hypersomnia with behavioral and cognitive disturbances. We aimed at describing the diagnosis procedure, risk factors, and severe forms.MethodsIn consecutive patients referred for suspected Kleine–Levin syndrome, we detailed differential diagnoses, and atypical and secondary cases, compared typical patients with healthy subjects, and examined the characteristics of patients with prolonged (>30 days) episodes.ResultsAmong 166 referred patients, 120 had typical primary Kleine–Levin syndrome (syndrome secondary to brain diseases; n = 4, atypical syndrome, n = 7; differential diagnoses that were mostly psychiatric, n = 29; incomplete information, n = 6). The prevalence in France was 1.8 per million. The patients were often male (64%) and had more frequent birth and developmental abnormalities (45%) than controls (despite normal karyotypes), and most (80%) had teenage onset, with no difference between patients with prolonged (n = 34) and short (n = 85) episodes. In patients with prolonged episodes, the durations of the first episode (32 ± 33 vs 11 ± 6 days) and subsequent episodes were longer (mean episode duration = 23 ± 19 vs 10 ± 3 days) and the disease course tended to be longer (9 ± 6 vs 6 ± 4 years). During episodes, patients with prolonged episodes had shorter sleep time, higher levels of anxiety, increased agitation, and more feelings of disembodiment and amnesia. Between episodes, they were more tired, needed more naps, fell asleep more rapidly, and had higher anxiety/depression scores.InterpretationMental disorders are frequent differential diagnoses of Kleine–Levin syndrome. One‐third of patients have prolonged (>1 month) episodes with more frequent immediate and long‐term consequences of the disease, prompting therapeutic trials. Ann Neurol 2015. Ann Neurol 2015;77:529–540
Isolation, characterization, and optimization of an aerobic butanol‐producing bacterium from Singapore
Authors: Ng Cheng Ying Chloe , Takahashi Katsuyuki , Liu Zhibin 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe aimed to isolate aerobic butanol‐producing microorganisms from environmental samples as potential platform strains for butanol production. Soil samples collected were subjected to a semi‐high‐throughput screening strategy. A microorganism capable of producing butanol in high concentrations under aerobic conditions was isolated and identified as Bacillus species by 16S rDNA analysis. The growth and butanol production under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions of the isolated Bacillus sp. 15, together with a different composition of by‐products, suggest different metabolic networks from the obligate anaerobes Clostridia. At 1 L scale fermentation with 0.2 L/Min of ariflow, butanol titer reached up to 10.38 g/L in a batch culture. The fermentation process of the isolate also occurred in two phases and the acidic condition is critical for butanol production. The butanol concentration was further improved to 12.3 g/L with minimized by‐products using a microaerobic condition. With the above‐mentioned distinct features, the isolated Bacillus sp. 15 is a suitable platform strain for further process development and metabolic engineering for butanol production.
Dopamine D1 receptor blockade impairs alcohol seeking without reducing dorsal striatal activation to cues of alcohol availability
Authors: Fanelli Rebecca R. , Robinson Donita L. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIntroductionAlcohol‐associated cues activate both ventral and dorsal striatum in functional brain imaging studies of heavy drinkers. In rodents, alcohol‐associated cues induce changes in neuronal firing frequencies and increase dopamine release in ventral striatum, but the impact of alcohol‐associated cues on neuronal activity in dorsal striatum is unclear. We previously reported phasic changes in action potential frequency in the dorsomedial and dorsolateral striatum after cues that signaled alcohol availability, prompting approach behavior.MethodsWe investigated the hypothesis that dopamine transmission modulates these phasic firing changes. Rats were trained to self‐administer alcohol, and neuronal activity was monitored with extracellular electrophysiology during “anticipatory” cues that signaled the start of the operant session. Sessions were preceded by systemic administration of the D1‐type dopamine receptor antagonist SCH23390 (0, 10, and 20 μg/kg).ResultsSCH23390 significantly decreased firing rates during the 60 s prior to cue onset without reducing phasic excitations immediately following the cues. While neuronal activation to cues might be expected to initiate behavioral responses, in this study alcohol seeking was reduced despite the presence of dorsal striatal excitations to alcohol cues.ConclusionsThese data suggest that D1 receptor antagonism reduces basal firing rates in the dorsal striatum and modulates the ability of neuronal activation to “anticipatory” cues to initiate alcohol seeking in rats with an extensive history of alcohol self‐administration.
Value of information in natural resource management: technical developments and application to pink‐footed geese
Authors: Williams Byron K. , Johnson Fred A. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractThe “value of information” (VOI) is a generic term for the increase in value resulting from better information to guide management, or alternatively, the value foregone under uncertainty about the impacts of management (Yokota and Thompson, Medical Decision Making 2004; 24: 287). The value of information can be characterized in terms of several metrics, including the expected value of perfect information and the expected value of partial information. We extend the technical framework for the value of information by further developing the relationship between value metrics for partial and perfect information and describing patterns of their performance. We use two different expressions for the expected value of partial information to highlight its relationship to the expected value of perfect information. We also develop the expected value of partial information for hierarchical uncertainties. We highlight patterns in the value of information for the Svalbard population of the pink‐footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus), a population that is subject to uncertainty in both reproduction and survival functions. The framework for valuing information is seen as having widespread potential in resource decision making, and serves as a motivation for resource monitoring, assessment, and collaboration.
A Strategy for the Design of the LCR Filter in a Series Voltage Compensator
Authors: Nakata Atsushi , Nozaki Masahiro , Torii Akihiro , Ueda Akiteru 
Published: January 2015

SUMMARYIn this paper, we propose a strategy for the design of the LCR filter in a series voltage compensator and investigate our method by performing simulations and experiments. In the proposed method, first, the inductance is derived from the ratio of the maximum amplitude of the ripple current to the amplitude of the fundamental current, which is denoted as . Second, the capacitance is derived from the ratio of the ripple voltage to the fundamental voltage. Third, the resistance R is determined from the rate of decrease of the carrier frequency component and the settling time.
Improved Inspection of Facilities for High‐Voltage Class Using Data Mining
Authors: Nishimura Kazunori , Maehata Yasushi , Sunayama Wataru 
Published: January 2015

SUMMARYThe inspection of power supply facilities can now be conducted with high accuracy using remote monitoring technology. In contrast, it is difficult to install sensors at demand facilities because their scale and installation environment differ among customers. As a result, the demand facilities are inspected at fixed time intervals. In this paper, we propose condition‐based maintenance (CBM), which improves maintenance quality at demand facilities. The proposed method was developed using maintenance data from demand facilities, collected using time‐based maintenance, and we conduct the analysis primarily using failure data. We use data mining to analyze transaction data that we modeled on the basis of the maintenance data and to construct a “failure predictive model” that can predict the failure of facilities and its causes from the results of the analysis. By using the constructed model, we will be able to identify the objects requiring maintenance which may most likely lead to failures in the future, and this study can contribute to improvement of maintenance technologies for demand facilities using the proposed CBM.
Synthesis of [c]‐Fused Bicyclic Proline Analogues
Authors: Calaza M. Isabel , Sayago Francisco J. , Laborda Pedro , Cativiela Carlos 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAn overview of synthetic methods developed to build [c]‐fused bicyclic proline analogues is presented. The focus is on the preparation of azabicycles that bear a carbocyclic ring fused to the [c] face of the pyrrolidine unit. Attention is paid both to procedures that afford the desired compounds in racemic form and to asymmetric strategies. Procedures are organized according to the size of the carbocycle that is fused to the pyrrolidine moiety. Strategies able to provide multigram quantities of enantiopure compounds that have application in the synthesis of marketed drugs are highlighted.
Substrate Evaluation of Rhodococcus erythropolis SET1, a Nitrile Hydrolysing Bacterium, Demonstrating Dual Activity Strongly Dependent on Nitrile Sub‐Structure
Authors: Coady Tracey M. , Coffey Lee V. , O'Reilly Catherine , Lennon Claire M. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractAssessment of Rhodococcus erythropolis SET1, a novel nitrile hydrolysing bacterial isolate, has been undertaken with 34 nitriles, 33 chiral and 1 prochiral. These substrates consist primarily of β‐hydroxy nitriles with varying alkyl and aryl groups at the β position and containing in several compounds different substituents α to the nitrile. In the case of β‐hydroxy nitriles without substitution at the α position, acids were the major products obtained, along with recovered nitrile after biotransformation, as a result of suspected nitrilase activity of the isolate. Unexpectedly, amides were found to be the major hydrolysis product when the β‐hydroxy nitriles possessed a vinyl group at this position. To probe this behaviour further, additional related substrates were evaluated containing electron‐withdrawing groups at the α position, and amide was also observed upon biotransformation in the presence of SET1. Therefore this novel isolate has also demonstrated NHase activity with nitriles that appears to be substrate‐dependent.
An Extension of the J‐Test to a Spatial Panel Data Framework
Authors: Kelejian Harry H. , Piras Gianfranco 
Published: January 2015

SummaryKelejian (Letters in Spatial and Resources Sciences; 1: 3–11) extended the J‐test procedure to a spatial framework. Although his suggested test was computationally simple and intuitive, it did not use the available information in an efficient manner. Kelejian and Piras (Regional Science and Urban Economics; 41: 281–292) generalized and modified Kelejian's test to account for all the available information. However, neither Kelejian () nor Kelejian & Piras () considered a panel data framework. In this paper we generalize these earlier works to a panel data framework with fixed effects and additional endogenous variables. We give theoretical as well as Monte Carlo results relating to our suggested tests. An empirical application on a crime model for North Carolina is also estimated. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Can chemoradiation allow for omission of lateral pelvic node dissection for locally advanced rectal cancer?
Authors: Kim Min Ju , Kim Tae Hyun , Kim Dae Yong , Kim Sun Young , Baek Ji Yeon , Chang Hee Jin , Park Sung Chan , Park Ji Won , Oh Jae Hwan 
Published: January 2015

ObjectivesWe evaluated the relationship between pretreatment clinical parameters and lateral pelvic node (LPN) recurrence in patients with rectal cancer treated with a combination of curative resection and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and attempted to identify the patients who might benefit from LPN dissection.MethodsThis study involved 900 patients between June 2001 and June 2009. Pretreatment clinical parameters including radiological size of LPN were analyzed to identify risk factors associated with long‐term outcomes.ResultsLocoregional recurrence developed in 65 patients (7.2%); 42 (64.6%) had LPN recurrence, 20 (47.6%) of which had no distant metastasis. Multivariate analysis showed that LPN short‐axis diameter (<5, 5–<10, and ≥10 mm) was significantly associated with LPN recurrence‐free survival (5‐year survival rate (5YSR), 98.2, 91.7, and 40.1%, respectively, P < 0.05), locoregional recurrence‐free survival (5YSR, 95.5, 87.6, and 40.1%, respectively, P < 0.05), relapse‐free survival (5YSR, 76.8, 72.5, and 30.3, respectively, P < 0.05), and overall survival (5YSR, 86.3, 83.0, and 57.5%, respectively, P < 0.05).ConclusionsPatients with an LPN short‐axis diameter ≥10 mm represent a potential subgroup at a high risk of LPN recurrence, even after CRT. Further study is needed to confirm whether LPN dissection is beneficial for these patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:459–464. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The quality‐of‐life benefits of breast reconstruction do not diminish with age
Authors: Sisco Mark , Johnson Donald B. , Wang Chihsiung , Rasinski Kenneth , Rundell Veronica L. , Yao Katharine A. 
Published: January 2015

Background and ObjectivesOlder women rarely receive post‐mastectomy breast reconstruction (PMBR). While there is a perception that PMBR is less beneficial in this age group, quality‐of‐life (QOL) data related to PMBR in older women remain scarce.MethodsWomen with AJCC stage 0‐III breast cancer who underwent a mastectomy were surveyed. Respondents included 215 older women (≥65 years), of whom 36.0% received PMBR, and a control group of 101 younger women (<65 years), all of whom received PMBR. Patient‐reported outcomes were measured using the Duke Health Profile and the BREAST‐Q.ResultsThe survey response rate was 74.9%. An age‐matched comparison of older women with and without PMBR revealed no significant differences in physical health, anxiety, or depression scores; however, PMBR was associated with greater breast satisfaction (P = 0.002) and greater breast‐related psychosocial well‐being (P= 0.02) than mastectomy alone. Among those who received PMBR, there was no correlation between age and breast satisfaction, psychosocial well‐being, nor satisfaction with the outcome (P = 0.11, 0.21, and 0.56).ConclusionsOlder women who undergo PMBR have better breast‐related QOL outcomes than those who do not. Moreover, the outcomes of PMBR in older women are similar to those seen in younger women. When appropriate, older women should be encouraged to consider PMBR. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015 111:663–668. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Wer wie sequenziert
Authors: Hachmann Anne 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDer Gerätehersteller Illumina dominiert das Geschäft mit DNA‐Sequenzierern. Doch neue Techniken der dritten Generation und damit auch neue Anbieter rücken nach. Sie versprechen genauere, schnellere oder kostengünstigere Ergebnisse.
Das unermüdliche Maxwell‐Rad
Authors: Ucke Christian , Schlichting Hans Joachim 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDas Maxwellsche Rad ist als ein klassisches Experiment zur Erhaltung der mechanischen Energie bekannt. Statt des technisch optimierten zylinderförmigen Rades mit großem Trägheitsmoment kann man beispielsweise auch Tierfiguren als Drehkörper nehmen. Darüber hinaus kann man das Rad mit einer magnetischen Achse an senkrecht aufgebauten Eisenstangen hinunter und hinauf laufen lassen. Eine konische Form der Achsenenden erbringt zusätzlich eine Selbststabilisierung des Drehrades zwischen den Achsen.
Neutrinos – die Akte X der Teilchenphysik
Authors: Zuber Kai 
Published: January 2015

AbstractDie Neutrinophysik hat in den letzten beiden Jahrzehnten großartige Fortschritte gemacht. Als herausragende Errungenschaft gilt der Nachweis, dass Neutrinos eine von Null verschiedene Ruhemasse haben. Diese Erkenntnis ist Oszillationsexperimenten zu verdanken. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde auch das Problem der fehlenden Sonnenneutrinos gelöst. Mittlerweile sind auch die Differenzen der Massenquadrate und die drei Mischungswinkel der Neutrino‐Flavors bekannt. Trotzdem sind noch fundamentale Fragen offen: Was ist die absolute Masse der Neutrinos? In welcher Form sind die Neutrinozustände angeordnet, gibt es also eine Hierarchie und wie sähe diese aus? Welchen Wert hat die komplexe Phase in der Mischungsmatrix? Diese Phase könnte zu einer CP‐Verletzung im Bereich der Leptonen führen und unter Umständen für die Baryonen‐Asymmetrie im Universum mitverantwortlich sein.
SESAME – die Erfüllung eines Traumes
Authors: Huttel Erhard 
Published: January 2015

AbstractSESAME, das erste Internationale Forschungszentrum im Nahen Osten, hat auf dem Weg zur Realisierung einen weiteren Meilenstein erreicht. Nachdem das Mikrotron bereits 2012 in Betrieb genommen wurde, lief kürzlich auch das Booster‐Synchrotron erfolgreich an und hat seine Maximalenergie erreicht. Dieser schöne Erfolg wurde von einem jungen Team von Wissenschaftlern der Region erzielt.
Known susceptibility SNPs for sporadic prostate cancer show a similar association with “hereditary” prostate cancer
Authors: Cremers Ruben G. , Galesloot Tessel E. , Aben Katja K. , van Oort Inge M. , Vasen Hans F. , Vermeulen Sita H. , Kiemeney Lambertus A. 
Published: January 2015

BackgroundMore than 70 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported to be associated with prostate cancer (PC) risk; these were mainly identified in the general population with predominantly sporadic PC (SPC). Previous studies have suggested similar associations between a selection of these SNPs and hereditary PC (HPC). Our aim was to evaluate the effect of all known PC risk SNPs and their discriminative value for SPC and HPC.MethodsSeventy‐four PC susceptibility SNPs (reported in literature up to June 2014) were genotyped in a population‐based series of 620 SPC patients, 312 HPC patients from the national Dutch registry and 1819 population‐based referents. Association analyses were performed using logistic regression, focusing on directional consistency of the odds ratios (ORs) with those in the original reports, that is, whether the OR was in the same direction as in the original report. Discriminative performance was evaluated by a genetic risk score used in logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses.ResultsDirectional consistency was seen for 62 SNPs in SPC and 64 SNPs in HPC, 56 of which overlapped. ORs were mostly higher for HPC with 22 ORs >1.25 versus 5 for SPC. Discriminative performance was better for HPC with an area under the ROC curve of 0.73 versus 0.64 for SPC.ConclusionsA large overlap was found for the associations between low‐penetrance susceptibility SNPs and SPC and HPC, suggesting a similarity in genetic etiology. This warrants a reconsideration of “HPC” and a restrictive policy toward prostate‐specific antigen testing in men with a positive family history. Genetic risk scores might be used for PC risk stratification on the population level. Prostate 75: 474–483, 2015 © 2014 The Authors. The Prostate published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Divergent effect of liver X receptor agonists on prostate‐specific antigen expression is dependent on androgen receptor in prostate carcinoma cells
Authors: Tsui Ke‐Hung , Chung Li‐Chuan , Feng Tsui‐Hsia , Lee Tzu‐Yi , Chang Phei‐Lang , Chen Wen‐Tsung , Juang Horng‐Heng 
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUNDLiver X receptor (LXR) isoforms, LXRα and LXRβ, have similar protein structures and ligands, but diverse tissue distribution. We used two synthetic, non‐steroidal LXR agonists, T0901317 and GW3965, to investigate the effects of LXR agonist modulation on prostate specific antigen (PSA) via the expressions of androgen receptors (AR), LXRα, or LXRβ, in prostate carcinoma cells.METHODSLXRα‐ or LXRβ‐knockdown cells were transduced with specific shRNA lentiviral particles. LXRα and LXRβ expressions were assessed by immunoblotting and RT‐qPCR assays. Cell proliferation was determined by 3H‐thymidine incorporation assays. The effects of LXR agonists and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on PSA expression were determined by ELISA, immunoblotting, or transient gene expression assays.RESULTSTreatment with either T0901317 or GW3965 significantly attenuated cell proliferation of LNCaP cells. T0901317 treatment suppressed PSA expression while GW3965 treatment enhanced PSA expression. The increase of PSA promoter activity by GW3965 was dependent on the expression of AR. Either LXRα‐ or LXRβ‐knockdown did not affect the activation of androgen on PSA gene expression. However, as compared with mock knockdown‐LNCaP cells, the LXRα‐knockdown but not the LXRβ‐knockdown attenuated the effects of T0901317 and GW3965 on PSA expressions. The effect of GW3965 on PSA expression was blocked by the addition of EGCG.CONCLUSIONSOur results indicate that T0901317 and GW3965 have divergent effects on PSA expressions. The effects of LXR agonists on PSA expression are LXRα‐dependent and AR‐dependent. EGCG blocks the inducing effect of GW3965 on PSA expression. Prostate 75: 603–615, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.