bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peri‐implant complications for posterior endosteal implants
Authors: Esquivel‐Upshaw Josephine , Mehler Alex , Clark Arthur , Neal Dan , Gonzaga Luiz , Anusavice Kenneth 
Published: September 2014

AbstractObjectives(1) To assess whether there is evidence of an association between the number of peri‐implant tissue complications and patient characteristics such as gender, diabetes status, smoking status, and bite force; (2) To assess whether there is evidence of an association between the number of peri‐implant tissue complications and location of the implant, surgical technique used, bone graft status and sinus lift status.Materials and methodsThis randomized, controlled clinical trial included a total of 176 implants (OsseoSpeed, DENTSPLY) in 67 participants with 88 fixed dental prostheses. Information was obtained from health histories, a baseline exam, surgical notes, and post‐operative exams. The data were analyzed using Fisher's exact and Mann–Whitney tests and generalized estimating equations using logistic regression with a significance level set at 0.05.ResultsAll 176 implants survived within a recall period of 3 years, but 11 implants demonstrated peri‐implant tissue complications. Ten sites showed dehiscence and one case exhibited vertical bone loss. There was a statistically significant association between surgical technique used (1‐stage or 2‐stage) and the presence of soft tissue complications (P = 0.005), where 2‐stage surgery was associated with a higher frequency of peri‐implant soft tissue complications. A correlation, although not statistically significant (P = 0.077), was noted, between peri‐implant tissue complications and bone grafting, suggesting a possible role for this factor as well.ConclusionsParticipants who did not require any second‐stage surgery at the implant sites experienced fewer complications. Therefore, additional surgical procedures should be performed judiciously considering their possible effects on peri‐implant tissue health.Clinical significanceThe clinical implication of this research study is that secondary surgery should be considered with caution during implant placement and it should be performed only when other options have been exhausted, as it has been shown to have a direct adverse effect on the long‐term peri‐implant tissue health.
Influence of bone marrow on osseointegration in long bones: an experimental study in sheep
Authors: Morelli Fabrizio , Lang Niklaus P. , Bengazi Franco , Baffone Davide , Dadonim Vila Morales C. , Botticelli Daniele 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimTo evaluate the influence of yellow bone marrow on osseointegration of titanium oral implants using a long bone model.Material and methodsThe two tibiae of eight sheep were used as experimental sites. Two osteotomies for implant installation were prepared in each tibia. At the control sites, no further treatments were performed while, at the test sites, bone marrow was removed from the osteotomy site with a curette to an extent that exceeded the implant dimensions. As a result, the apical portion of the implants at the control sites was in contact with bone marrow while, at the test sites, it was in contact with the blood clot. After 2 months, the same procedures were performed in the contralateral side. After another month, the animal was sacrificed. Ground sections were obtained for histological analysis.ResultsAfter 1 month of healing, no differences between test and control sites were found in the apical extension of osseointegration and the percentage of new bone‐to‐implant contact. However, after 3 months of healing, a higher percentage of new bone‐to‐implant contact was found at the test compared to the control sites in the marrow compartment. The apical extension of osseointegration, however, was similar to that found at the 1‐month healing period both for test and control sites.ConclusionsOsseointegration appeared to be favored by the presence of a blood clot when compared to the presence of yellow fatty bone marrow. Moreover, the contact with cortical bone appeared to be a prerequisite for the osseointegration process in the long bone model.
The efficacy of BMP‐2 preloaded on bone substitute or hydrogel for bone regeneration at peri‐implant defects in dogs
Authors: Jung Ui‐Won , Lee In‐Kyeong , Park Jin‐Young , Thoma Daniel S. , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Jung Ronald E. 
Published: September 2014

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this experiment was to test whether or not a synthetic bone substitute (SBS) was more effective than a polyethylene glycol hydrogel as a carrier material for bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) when attempting to regenerate bone.Material and methodsTwo identical, box‐type dehiscence defects (4 × 4 mm buccolingually and apicocoronally, and 8 mm mesiodistally) were surgically prepared on buccal sides of the left and right edentulous ridge in five beagle dogs. Following implant placement, the defects either received (i) no graft, (ii) SBS+hydrogel, (iii) SBS+BMP‐2 loaded hydrogel, and (iv) BMP‐2‐loaded SBS+hydrogel. The animals were euthanized at 8 weeks postsurgery. Radiographic and histomorphometric analyses were performed.ResultsThe hydrogel alone was not able to stabilize the grafted bone particles at 8 weeks, and SBS+hydrogel group did not significantly differ from the control group in all volumetric measurements. On the other hand, extensively regenerated new bone was connected with most of the remaining SBS particles in the BMP‐2 groups. The BMP‐2 groups exhibited significantly greater new bone formation (10.65 mm3 and 1.47 mm2 in the SBS+BMP‐2‐loaded hydrogel group; 14.17 mm3 and 0.93 mm2 in the BMP‐2‐loaded SBS+hydrogel) than non‐BMP‐2 groups (1.27 mm3 and 0.00 mm2 in the control group; 2.01 mm3 and 0.19 mm2 in the SBS+hydrogel group) in volumetric and histomorphometric analyses (P < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences between both BMP‐2 groups.ConclusionBMP‐2 could yield enhanced bone regeneration in the critical‐size peri‐implant defects regardless of whether SBS or hydrogel is used for preloading, although the outcomes seem to be more reproducible with BMP‐2 preloaded on SBS.
Xeroderma pigmentosum: Diagnostic procedures, interdisciplinary patient care, and novel therapeutic approaches
Authors: Lehmann Janin , Schubert Steffen , Emmert Steffen 
Published: September 2014

SummaryXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive disease, caused by a gene defect in the nucleotide‐excision‐repair (NER) pathway or in translesional DNA synthesis. At the age of eight, patients already develop their first skin cancers due to this DNA repair defect. In contrast, in the Caucasian population the first tumor formation in UV exposed skin regions occurs at a mean age of 60. The clinical picture among patients suffering from XP is highly diverse and includes signs of accelerated skin aging, and UV‐induced skin cancers, as well as ophthalmologic and neurological symptoms. Patients should therefore receive interdisciplinary care. This includes dermatologists, ophthalmologists, ENT specialists, neurologists, and human geneticists. Patients with XP are clinically diagnosed, but this may be supported by molecular‐genetic and functional analyses. These analyses allow pinpointing the exact disease‐causing gene defect (complementation group assignment, detection of the type and location of the mutation within the gene). The resulting information is already relevant to predict the course of disease and symptoms and probably will be utilized for individualized therapeutic approaches in the future. Recently, enhanced repair of UV photolesions in xeroderma pigmentosum group C cells induced by translational readthrough of premature termination codons by certain antibiotics could be demonstrated.
Local recurrence and survival in acral lentiginous melanoma comparing 3D histology and conventional histology
Authors: Schulz Claudia , Häfner Hans‐Martin , Breuninger Helmut , Leiter Ulrike 
Published: September 2014

SummaryBackgroundSurgical treatment of acral lentiginous melanomas with wide excisional margins as recommended often requires amputation of distal extremities. The current study analyzes whether smaller excisions in combination with a complete histological evaluation of the excisional margins (3D histology) have a negative impact on the prognosis.Patients and methods304 patients were retrospectively evaluated. 192 patients with reduced excisional margins followed by 3D histology (group A) were compared with 112 patients treated with conventional wide margins (group B). The outcome of both groups was compared.ResultsThe median tumor thickness was higher in group A (p = 0.022) and ulcerations occured more frequently (p = 0.017). The median excisional margin was 8 mm in group A and 20 mm in group B (p < 0.0001). 10.9 % (4.2 % invasive) of group A und 8.9 % (4.5 % invasive) of group B (p = 0.577) developed a local recurrence in a median of 40 months. The melanoma specific 10‐year survival was 66.8 % in group A und 63.4 % in group B (p = 0.531). There was no difference in survival of patients with or without local recurrence (p = 0.643).ConclusionsExcision with small margins followed by 3D histology is not inferior to conventional surgery with wide margins in terms of the rate of local and has no negative impact on prognosis or the further course of the disease. Local recurrences are rare and do not influence patient survival.
Lokalrezidivraten und Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit nach 3D‐Histologie und konventioneller Histologie beim akrolentiginösen Melanom
Authors: Schulz Claudia , Häfner Hans‐Martin , Breuninger Helmut , Leiter Ulrike 
Published: September 2014

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie Exzision akrolentiginöser Melanome (ALM) unter Berücksichtigung der empfohlenen Sicherheitsabstände führt oft zur Teilamputation der Akren. Ziel war es, zu prüfen, ob reduzierte Sicherheitsabstände in Verbindung mit Schnittrandhistologie (3D‐Histologie) zu einer Prognoseverschlechterung führen.Patienten und Methodik304 Patienten mit ALM wurden retrospektiv ausgewertet. 192 Patienten mit reduziertem Resektionsabstand und nachfolgender 3D‐Histologie (Gruppe A) wurden hinsichtlich Prognose und Lokalrezidivrate verglichen mit 112 Patienten, die eine Chirurgie mit definierten Sicherheitsabständen erhalten hatten (Gruppe B).ErgebnisseDie Tumordicke war bei der Gruppe A größer (p = 0,022) und Ulzerationen in dieser Gruppe häufiger (p = 0,017). Der mediane Exzisionsabstand betrug 8 mm in Gruppe A und 20 mm in Gruppe B (p < 0,0001). 10,9 % (4,2 % invasiv) der Gruppe A und 8,9 % (4,5 % invasiv) der Gruppe B (p = 0,577) entwickelten ein Lokalrezidiv im Median von 40 Monaten. Die melanomspezifische 10‐Jahres‐Überlebensrate betrug 66,8 % in Gruppe A und 63,4 % in Gruppe B (p = 0,531). Das Gesamtüberleben von Patienten mit und ohne Lokalrezidiv zeigt keinen Unterschied (p = 0,643).SchlussfolgerungenDie vorgestellten Exzisionsmethoden haben keinen Einfluss auf die Prognose. Die Exzision mit deutlich kleineren Sicherheitsabständen und nachfolgender 3D‐Histologie ist der Chirurgie mit definierten großen Sicherheitsabständen hinsichtlich des Auftretens von Lokalrezidiven und der Gesamtüberlebenswahrscheinlichkeit nicht unterlegen. Lokalrezidive sind selten und ändern das Gesamtüberleben nicht.
Over two hundred million injuries to anterior teeth attributable to large overjet: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Petti Stefano 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackground/AimThe association between large overjet and traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) to anterior teeth is documented. However, observational studies are discrepant and generalizability (i.e. external validity) of meta‐analyses is limited. Therefore, this meta‐analysis sought to reconcile such discrepancies seeking to provide reliable risk estimates which could be generalizable at global level.Material and MethodsLiterature search (years 1990–2014) was performed (Scopus, GOOGLE Scholar, Medline). Selected primary studies were divided into subsets: ‘primary teeth, overjet threshold 3–4 mm’ (Primary3); ‘permanent teeth, overjet threshold 3–4 mm’ (Permanent3); ‘permanent teeth, overjet threshold 6 ± 1 mm’ (Permanent6). The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were extracted. To obtain the highest level of reliability (i.e. internal validity), the pooled OR estimates were assessed accounting for between‐study heterogeneity, publication bias and confounding. Result robustness was investigated with sensitivity and subgroup analyses.ResultsFifty‐four primary studies from Africa, America, Asia and Europe were included. The sampled individuals were children, adolescents and adults. Overall, there were >10 000 patients with TDI. The pooled OR estimates resulted 2.31 (95% confidence interval – 95CI, 1.01–5.27), 2.01 (95CI, 1.39–2.91) and 2.24 (95CI, 1.56–3.21) for Primary3, Permanent3 and Permant6, respectively. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses corroborated these estimates.ConclusionsReliability and generalizability of pooled ORs were high enough and made it possible to assess that the fraction of global TDIs attributable to large overjet is 21.8% (95CI, 9.7–34.5%) and that large overjet is co‐responsible for 235 008 000 global TDI cases (95CI, 104,760,000‐372,168,000). This high global burden of TDI suggests that preventive measures must be implemented in patients with large overjet.
Oral rehydration salt‐liquid as a storage medium for avulsed tooth
Authors: Subramaniam Priya , Girija Parvathy , Eswara Uma , Girish Babu Kadalagere Lakshmana 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy of oral rehydration salt‐liquid as a suitable medium for maintaining the periodontal ligament cell viability over different time periods and to compare its efficacy with that of two other storage media, Hanks' balanced salt solu1tion and milk.Materials and MethodsA total of 130 sound‐ and caries‐free premolars extracted atraumatically for orthodontic reasons were selected. Of these teeth, 120 premolars were randomly divided into three experimental groups comprising 40 teeth each, for immersion in three different experimental storage media. Each tooth was subjected to 30 or 60 min of extra oral dry time. Each experimental group was further subdivided into two groups comprising 10 teeth each, based on the immersion time of 45 and 90 min, respectively. Of the remaining 10 premolars, five teeth each formed positive and negative controls. All teeth were subjected to collagenase II and dispase assay. Trypan blue dye exclusion test was used to determine the viability of the periodontal ligament cells. The number of viable cells was counted using Neubauer's chamber. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using one‐way anova and post hoc Tukey's tests.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference between Hanks' balanced salt solution and Oral Rehydration Solution‐Liquid.ConclusionOral Rehydration Solution‐Liquid as a storage medium was found to be as efficient as Hanks balanced salt solution to maintain the viability of periodontal ligament cells, and it was found to be better than milk.
Assessment of custom and standard, self‐adapted mouthguards in terms of comfort and users subjective impressions of their protective function
Authors: Gawlak Dominika , Mierzwińska‐Nastalska Elżbieta , Mańka‐Malara Katarzyna , Kamiński Tomasz 
Published: September 2014

AbstractBackgroundVarious sports disciplines involve some risk of injury. Orofacial injuries constitute 4–18% of all sports‐related injuries. Mouthguards are an effective method of preventing injuries and their consequences during various sports activities, especially cycling, football, basketball, handball, skiing, and hockey. Mouthguards can cause discomfort when placed in the oral cavity, in particular due to the fact that a minimal thickness of 4 mm in the labial region is necessary to reduce the impact force of an injury.AimThe objective was to provide user's general clinical assessment of custom mouthguards made from various polymer materials and with various technologies (thermoforming pressing, traditional flasking, injection molding) and of standard ‘boil and bite' mouthguards available on the market in terms of general comfort and their subjective impressions of the protective function.Materials and methodsIn total, 168 mouthguards (five types of custom mouthguards and three types of standard ‘boil and bite' mouthguards) were assessed by 21 athletes practicing various disciplines, who were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding general comfort and subjective impressions of protective function based on a 5‐point scale.ResultsCustom mouthguards made with the injection technique from ethyl vinyl acetate received the best scores due to the high level of comfort and the sense of protection they provided.ConclusionsCustom mouthguards, especially those fabricated with the injection molding technique of Corflex Orthodontic, were shown to be superior to standard mouthguards in terms of their comfort and users' subjective impressions of their protective function.
Estimating introgression in Apis mellifera siciliana populations: are the conservation islands really effective?
Authors: Muñoz Irene , Dall′Olio Raffaele , Lodesani Marco , De la Rúa Pilar 
Published: September 2014

Abstract

Apis mellifera siciliana is a honey bee subspecies prone to be conserved. Conservation measures include maintaining colonies on different islands to serve as parental lines for outcrossing.

Molecular diversity and genetic structure of honey bees from Sicily (main island) and Vulcano and Filicudi (conservation islands) were analysed with mitochondrial and microsatellite markers to assess the efficacy of the ongoing conservation effort. Samples from continental Italy and Sardinia island were included for comparison.

All the samples of the conservation islands were included in the African (A) evolutionary lineage, while western and northern (M) and eastern (C) European evolutionary lineages were also detected in colonies from the main island (17.1% and 22% respectively), thus highlighting introgression at the mitochondrial level.

Nuclear data from conservation and main island populations were compared to evaluate the proportion of admixed honey bees. A higher level of hybridization was found in the central and eastern areas of Sicily main island.

Our data describe the efficacy of the conservation islands, and suggest where and how to manage mating stations to further improve the present conservation strategy by recovering additional residual genetic variability of A. m. siciliana.

We also propose the establishment of a European network of conservation islands to preserve honey bee subspecies and to implement research studies of adaptation to peculiar climatic conditions.
Clinical epidemiology and predictors of outcome in children hospitalised with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in 2009: a prospective national study
Authors: Khandaker Gulam , Zurynski Yvonne , Ridley Greta , Buttery Jim , Marshall Helen , Richmond Peter C. , Royle Jenny , Gold Michael , Walls Tony , Whitehead Bruce , McIntyre Peter , Wood Nicholas , Booy Robert , Elliott Elizabeth J. 
Published: September 2014

BackgroundThere are few large‐scale, prospective studies of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in children that identify predictors of adverse outcomes.ObjectivesWe aimed to examine clinical epidemiology and predictors for adverse outcomes in children hospitalised with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Australia.MethodsActive hospital surveillance in six tertiary paediatric referral centres (June–September, 2009). All children aged <15 years admitted with laboratory‐confirmed influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 were studied.ResultsOf 601 children admitted with laboratory‐confirmed influenza, 506 (84·2%) had influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. Half (51·0%) of children with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 were previously healthy. Hospital stay was longer in children with pre‐existing condition (mean 6·9 versus 4·9 days; P = 0·02) as was paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stay (7·0 versus 2·3 days; P = 0·005). Rapid diagnosis decreased both antibiotic use and length of hospital and PICU stay. Fifty (9·9%) children were admitted to a PICU, 30 (5·9%) required mechanical ventilation and 5 (0·9%) died. Laboratory‐proven bacterial co‐infection and chronic lung disease were significant independent predictors of PICU admission (OR 6·89, 95% CI 3·15–15·06 and OR 3·58, 95% CI 1·41–9·07, respectively) and requirement for ventilation (OR 5·61, 95% CI 2·2–14·28 and OR 5·18, 95% CI 1·8–14·86, respectively). Chronic neurological disease was a predictor of admission to PICU (OR 2·30, 95% CI 1·14–4·61).ConclusionsDuring the 2009 pandemic, influenza was a major cause of hospitalisation in tertiary paediatric hospitals. Co‐infection and underlying chronic disease increased risk of PICU admission and/or ventilation. Half the children admitted were previously healthy, supporting a role for universal influenza vaccination in children.
Lead Exposure Is Related to Impairment of Aortic Elasticity Parameters
Authors: Ozturk Mujgan T. , Yavuz Bunyamin , Ozkan Selcuk , Ayturk Mehmet , Akkan Tolga , Ozkan Esin , Tutkun Engin , Yılmaz Ömer H. 
Published: September 2014

Arterial hypertension is one of the physical complications of chronic lead exposure. Hypertension has effects on aortic elastic properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the aortic elastic properties in workers occupationally exposed to lead. Forty‐one workers who were exposed to lead and 39 healthy controls were included in the study. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography for detecting aortic elastic parameters. There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the lead‐exposure group and controls. Aortic strain (9.4%±4.5% vs 12.4%±4.2%, P=.004) and aortic distensibility (0.45±0.21 cm2/dyn vs 0.55±0.20 cm2/dyn, P=.046) were decreased in patients with lead exposure compared with controls. There was a negative significant weak correlation between aortic strain and (r=−0.294, P=.008) lead levels. There was no significant correlation between aortic distensibility and any other echocardiographic parameters. This study suggests that chronic exposure to lead is related to impairment of aortic elasticity parameters.
The Role of Domain Content in Understanding Identity Development Processes
Authors: McLean Kate C. , Syed Moin , Yoder Alisha , Greenhoot Andrea F. 
Published: September 2014

The current studies examined the importance of domain content in the processes of identity development using two approaches—narrative and status. We examined personal narratives for identity domain content, the co‐occurrence of different contents, and the relations between content and processes, using two approaches to identity—status and narrative. Across two studies, 762 participants (average age = 19 years) and 2214 narratives, traditional ideological and interpersonal status domains were present, but so was a novel domain: existential concerns. Narrative identity processes were more frequent in narratives with multiple contents, and relations between identity statuses processes and narrative processes were modest. We discuss theoretical implications, the importance of examining content, and the utility of narrative approaches for doing so.
TheUnitedNations Convention on the Rights of the Child: Its Relevance for Adolescents
Authors: Ruck Martin D. , Keating Daniel P. , Saewyc Elizabeth M. , Earls Felton , Ben‐Arieh Asher 
Published: September 2014

TheUnitedNationsConvention on theRights of theChild (CRC,UnitedNationsGeneralAssembly, 1989) is a transformative document which has already improved the lives of millions of young people worldwide. Ratified into law by the majority of the countries of the world, it is the first human rights treaty focusing specifically on the rights of individuals under 18 years of age. The rights described in the treaty, however, are often seen as more important for younger children than for adolescents. This policy statement reviews the germane research on the period of adolescence and affirms that the protections and entitlements in theCRCare as important for adolescents as for younger children. Recommendations for policy and research are included.