bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enriched advanced platelet-rich fibrin plus gold nanoparticles against Enterococcus faecalis for its potential use in revascularization for necrotic immature permanent teeth
Authors: Saud Sophia , Narayana Indiresha H. 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Regenerative endodontic procedures allow reinforcement of root canal wall and continuation of root development, opening new therapeutic possibilities. The root canal system of infected teeth is colonized by a variety of microorganisms, which hinder the regenerative process, leading to treatment failure if not adequately addressed, thereby requiring careful attention to microbial control.

Aim and Objective:
The aim of the study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) and gold nanoparticles (AuNps) against Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and Methods:
Intravenous blood (5–6 ml) was drawn from four healthy individuals, and A-PRF was prepared through centrifugation at 1500 revolutions per minute (rpm) for 14 min. A-PRF was doped with 3 µl of AuNps and centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 1 min. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using disk diffusion; inhibition zones were measured. For minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), A-PRF + AuNps were added to the microbial broth at varying concentrations to determine growth inhibition and microbial death.

Results:
Disk diffusion assays revealed significant antibacterial effects against E. faecalis. Norfloxacin displayed the highest mean zone of inhibition (20.33 ± 1.53 mm), followed by the Test group (A-PRF + AuNPs) (19.33 ± 0.58 mm). Multiple comparisons indicated significant differences (P < 0.001). MIC of A-PRF + AuNPs against E. faecalis was 0.031 mg/ml, with MBC at 0.015 mg/ml.

Conclusion:
The addition of AuNPs to A-PRF offers the potential for sustained growth factor release while maintaining the sterility of the canal, leading to successful revitalization and regeneration. The combined use of A-PRF + AuNps shows promise for enhancing revascularization in necrotic immature permanent teeth.
Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan nanoparticles and calcium hydroxide against endodontic biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro study
Authors: Pandey Aparna , Bhushan Jagat , Joshi Rajesh Kumar , Uppal Amandeep Singh , Angrup Archana , Kansal Shubhangi 
Published: July 2024

Aim:
The aim of the study was to assess and evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) with calcium hydroxide in the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and Methods:
Using the broth microdilution method, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of calcium hydroxide and CSNPs were measured. The antibiofilm effect of calcium hydroxide and CSNPs against E. faecalis biofilm was qualitatively analyzed using a crystal violet assay. A 7-day-old biofilms of E. faecalis grown on dentine discs were assigned to the following three groups (n = 11 dentine discs), normal saline (group I), calcium hydroxide (group II), and CSNPs (group III). Quantification of live and dead cells using confocal microscopy was done to evaluate the antibiofilm efficacy of the medicaments included in the study.

Results:
MIC of calcium hydroxide and CSNPs against E. faecalis was observed at 2.5 mg/mL and 0.31 mg/mL, respectively. MBC of calcium hydroxide and CSNPs was observed at 2.5 mg/mL and 0.31 mg/mL, respectively. Using Crystal Violet (CV) assay, calcium hydroxide and CSNPs showed biofilm inhibition at concentrations of 2.5 mg/mL and 0.625 mg/mL, respectively. Confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis found that both calcium hydroxide and CSNPs showed a significant decrease in viable cells at their MBC values compared to the control group’s normal saline. CSNPs showed a significantly lower percentage of live cells than calcium hydroxide (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The study results reveal that the antimicrobial efficacy of CSNPs is better than calcium hydroxide and normal saline against E. faecalis biofilm.
Comparative evaluation of remaining dentin thickness using single file, two file, and multiple rotary file system – An in vitro CBCT study
Authors: Chandar Chikine Yashas , Veeraiyan Mounika , Kumar Yata Prashanth , Reddy Nithesh Kumar , Thomas Delphia , Sreeja Dundigalla 
Published: July 2024

Context:
Endodontic success hinges on a multifactorial interplay, with meticulous canal shaping, proper disinfection, and three-dimensional obturation being paramount. Among these factors, the amount of dentin remaining after instrumentation directly influences the biomechanical resilience and longevity of the tooth.

Aims:
This study aims to evaluate the impact of various rotary instrumentation systems, including single-file, two-file, and multiple-file configurations, on the remaining dentin thickness (RDT) following canal preparation.

Settings and Design:
This was an in vitro study, original research article.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty mandibular premolar human extracted teeth were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction with a diamond disc. Samples were randomly assigned to three groups using a simple random sampling technique (n = 60). Group I – Single-file system (One Curve, MicroMega) (n = 20), Group II – Two-file systems (2Shape, MicroMega) (n = 20), and Group III – Multiple-file system (Hero Gold, MicroMega) (n = 20). Preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained after the sample was mounted on a modeling wax sheet. The biomechanical preparation of canals followed the manufacturer’s protocols for every system. Postoperative CBCT scans were obtained. Pre- and postoperative scans were compared at standardized depths (4 mm, 7 mm, and 11 mm) within the canals (coronal, middle, and apical thirds), allowing for a comprehensive assessment of RDT throughout the canal.

Statistical Analysis and Results:
According to one-way ANOVA, the highest mean was seen in Group I, followed by Group II and Group III. Hence, a statistically significant difference was found between all the groups. Post hoc Tukey’s test was done for intergroup comparison.

Conclusions:
A single-file system preserved more dentin with less aggressive cutting compared to two-file and multiple-file systems.
Comparative evaluation of incorporation of ferrule in premolars endocrown designs to check any alterations in their fracture resistance: A pilot study
Authors: Pal Progyna Paramita , Mazumdar Dibyendu , Bera Swarupananda , Kar Suman , Sahay Dristi , Chowdhuri Kuntal 
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
Endocrown preparation of endodontically treated teeth as final restoration has been extensively studied for different teeth. Bindl et al. questioned the application of endocrowns for premolars due to the pulp chamber space’s smaller dimensions, which diminish bonding surface area. The addition of ferrule into the endocrown preparations of premolars has not been extensively studied.

Aims and Study Design:
Comparative evaluation of incorporation of the ferrule in premolars endocrown designs to check any alterations in their fracture resistance.

Materials and Methods:
The sample consisted of 40 maxillary first premolars without cracks or caries, extracted for orthodontic or periodontal purposes. The teeth were individually mounted with cold-cure acrylic resin. Group A: Composite endocrown without ferrule and Group B: Composite endocrown with ferrule. An endocrown former was prepared with elastomeric polyvinyl siloxane material (GC Exaclear). Endocrowns were then prepared with dual-cure core build-up composite-Core-x flow (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland) using the endocrown former so that morphologically, they all were almost identical. Endocrowns are cemented by dual-cure resin cement following manufacturer instructions. The fracture resistance of endocrowns with and without ferrule was evaluated and compared.

Results and Observations:
The data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analyzed with SPSS version 24 software. The variables were presented with mean, standard deviation, and independent t-test. The P ≤ 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Group B (with ferrule) showed higher fracture resistance (622.06 N) than Group A (537.59 N) (without ferrule). Independent t-test showed that the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.008).

Conclusion:
Comparing the failure load findings, it could be concluded that ferrule-containing endocrown needed greater loads than ordinary endocrown restorations for failure.
Ischaemia with no obstructive coronary arteries: a review with focus on the Asian population
Authors: Soh Rodney Yu-Hang , Low Ting-Ting , Sia Ching-Hui , Kong William Kok-Fai , Yeo Tiong-Cheng , Loh Poay-Huan , Poh Kian-Keong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Ischaemia with no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) has been a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for decades. Several studies have demonstrated that INOCA is associated with an increased risk of death, adverse cardiovascular events, poor quality of life and high healthcare cost. Although there is increasing recognition of this entity in the Western population, in the Asian population, INOCA remains elusive and its prevalence uncertain. Despite its prognostic significance, diagnosis of INOCA is often delayed. In this review, we identified the multiple barriers to its diagnosis and management, and proposed strategies to overcome them.
Cut-off value of glycated hemoglobin A1c for detecting diabetic retinopathy in the Chinese population
Authors: Wen Yan , Wang Qing 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is considered the most suitable for diabetes mellitus diagnosis due to its accuracy and convenience. However, the effect of HbA1c on diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Han and Korean populations in Jilin, China, remains inconclusive.
AIM
To determine the best cut-off of HbA1c for diagnosing DR among the Chinese.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study included 1933 participants from the Yanbian area of Jilin Province, China. Trained investigators employed a questionnaire-based survey, physical examination, laboratory tests, and fundus photography for the investigation. The best cut-off value for HbA1c was established via the receiver operating characteristic curve. The factors associated with HbA1c-associated risk factors were determined via linear regression.
RESULTS
The analysis included 887 eligible Chinese Han and Korean participants, 591 of whom were assigned randomly to the training set and 296 to the validation set. The prevalence of DR was 3.27% in the total population. HbA1c of 6.2% was the best cut-off value in the training set, while it was 5.9% in the validation set. In both Chinese Han and Korean populations, an HbA1c level of 6.2% was the best cut-off value. The optimal cut-off values of fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥ 7 mmol/L and < 7 mmol/L were 8.1% and 6.2% respectively in Han populations, while those in Korean populations were 6.9% and 5.3%, respectively. Age, body mass index, and FBG were determined as the risk factors impacting HbA1c levels.
CONCLUSION
HbA1c may serve as a useful diagnostic indicator for DR. An HbA1c level of 6.2% may be an appropriate cut-off value for DR detection in the Chinese population.
Interactions between myoblasts and macrophages under high glucose milieus result in inflammatory response and impaired insulin sensitivity
Authors: Luo Wei , Zhou Yue , Wang Li-Ying , Ai Lei 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
Skeletal muscle handles about 80% of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and become the major organ occurring insulin resistance (IR). Many studies have confirmed the interactions between macrophages and skeletal muscle regulated the inflammation and regeneration of skeletal muscle. However, despite of the decades of research, whether macrophages infiltration and polarization in skeletal muscle under high glucose (HG) milieus results in the development of IR is yet to be elucidated. C2C12 myoblasts are well-established and excellent model to study myogenic regulation and its responses to stimulation. Further exploration of macrophages' role in myoblasts IR and the dynamics of their infiltration and polarization is warranted.
AIM
To evaluate interactions between myoblasts and macrophages under HG, and its effects on inflammation and IR in skeletal muscle.
METHODS
We detected the polarization status of macrophages infiltrated to skeletal muscles of IR mice by hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining. Then, we developed an in vitro co-culture system to study the interactions between myoblasts and macrophages under HG milieus. The effects of myoblasts on macrophages were explored through morphological observation, CCK-8 assay, Flow Cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mediation of macrophages to myogenesis and insulin sensitivity were detected by morphological observation, CCK-8 assay, Immunofluorescence, and 2-NBDG assay.
RESULTS
The F4/80 and co-localization of F4/80 and CD86 increased, and the myofiber size decreased in IR group (P < 0.01, g = 6.26). Compared to Mc group, F4/80+CD86+CD206- cells, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), inerleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 decreased, and IL-10 increased in McM group (P < 0.01, g > 0.8). In McM + HG group, F4/80+CD86+CD206- cells, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6 were increased, and F4/80+CD206+CD86- cells and IL-10 were decreased compared with Mc + HG group and McM group (P < 0.01, g > 0.8). Compered to M group, myotube area, myotube number and E-MHC were increased in MMc group (P < 0.01, g > 0.8). In MMc + HG group, myotube area, myotube number, E-MHC, GLUT4 and glucose uptake were decreased compared with M + HG group and MMc group (P < 0.01, g > 0.8).
CONCLUSION
Interactions between myoblasts and macrophages under HG milieus results in inflammation and IR, which support that the macrophage may serve as a promising therapeutic target for skeletal muscle atrophy and IR.
Evaluation of teplizumab's efficacy and safety in treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Xiao-Lan , Ge Dan , Hu Xue-Jian 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND
Islets of Langerhans beta cells diminish in autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Teplizumab, a humanized anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, may help T1DM. Its long-term implications on clinical T1DM development, safety, and efficacy are unknown.
AIM
To assess the effectiveness and safety of teplizumab as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with T1DM.
METHODS
A systematic search was conducted using four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) to select publications published in peer-reviewed journals written in English. The odds ratio (OR) and risk ratio (RR) were calculated, along with their 95%CI. We assessed heterogeneity using Cochrane Q and I 2 statistics and the appropriate P value.
RESULTS
There were 8 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the current meta-analysis with a total of 1908 T1DM patients from diverse age cohorts, with 1361 patients receiving Teplizumab and 547 patients receiving a placebo. Teplizumab was found to have a substantial link with a decrease in insulin consumption, with an OR of 4.13 (95%CI: 1.72 to 9.90). Teplizumab is associated with an improved C-peptide response (OR 2.49; 95%CI: 1.62 to 3.81) and a significant change in Glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in people with type 1 diabetes [OR 1.75 (95%CI: 1.03 to 2.98)], and it has a RR of 0.71 (95%CI: 0.53 to 0.95).
CONCLUSION
In type 1 diabetics, teplizumab decreased insulin consumption, improved C-peptide response, and significantly changed HbA1c levels with negligible side effects. Teplizumab appears to improve glycaemic control and diabetes management with good safety and efficacy.
Antioxidant activity of Bougainvillea spectabilis ethanol extracts as an aryl hydrocarbon inhibitor
Authors: Yuliani Ni Nyoman , Siswandono  , Erawati Tristiana , Sambara Jefrin , Upa Muhamad Satria Pua 
Published: July 2024

Background: Antioxidants overcome ageing processes and skin tissue damage caused by free radicals. The flavonoid contents of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd contain hydroxyl groups attached to the carbon of the aromatic rings which makes them capable of catching free radicals and absorbing UV-A and UV-B.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the in silico antioxidant activities of various compounds contained in B. spectabilis Willd ethanol extracts compared to control.
Method: The identification was carried out using GCMS methods and Molegro Virtual Docker. The molecular mechanics of scoring functions used in this study were the Rerank score, Root Mean Standard Deviation, and H Bond
Result: p-Trimethylsylyoxylphenyl-(trimethylsilyoxy)trimethylsilyacrilate had a better bond than vitamin C used as the control and is smaller than BHF_401 (A) standard ligand, indicated by rerank scores of -92.6478, -76.0593, and -104.771.
Conclusion: p-Trimethylsilyloxyphenyl-(trimethylsilyloxy)trimethylsilylacrylate had a better and more stable bond (rerank score: -92.6478) than the positive vitamin C control (76.0593).
Analisis Daya Tahan Aerobik Atlet Lari Jarak Menengah PASI Kab. Tanah Laut
Authors: Qotimah Azizah Khusnul Qotimah , Amirudin Akhmad Amirudin , Perdinanto Perdinanto 
Published: July 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat daya tahan atlet lari jarak menengah PASI kabupaten Tanah laut. Penelitian ini menggunakan Jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif untuk mendiskripsikan data penelitian mengenai tingkat daya tahan atlet lari jarak menengah. Populasi penelitian ini adalah atlet lari jarak menengah PASI kabupaten Tanah laut. Untuk mengukur tingkat daya tahan atlet lari jarak menengah PASI kabupaten Tanah laut menggunakan tes cooper lari 2,4 km. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tentang tingkat daya tahan aerobik atlet lari jarak menengah PASI kabupaten Tanah laut dapat disimpulkan dari 7 orang responden dengan menampilkan tingkat daya tahan pada klasifikasi baik sekali dan terlatih terdapat 1 orang dengan presentase (14,29%), sangat baik berjumlah 2 orang berdasarkan presentasenya (28,57%), tergolong baik berjumlah 2 orang berdasarkan presentasenya (28,57%), sedang 2 orang berdasarkan presentasenya (28,57%), kurang terdapat 0 orang berdasarkan presentasenya (0%) dan sangat kurang termuatnya 0 orang pada presentasenya (0%).
Analisis SWOT Produk Benih Pada Seed Center Politeknik Negeri Jember
Authors: Kusuma Satria Indra , Harlianingtyas Irma , Irawan Triono Bambang , Pratiwi Berlina Yudha 
Published: July 2024

Benih unggul menjadi salah satu faktor penting dalam produksi padi karena penggunaan benih unggul bermutu benih yang digunakan dalam usahatani, maka akan semakin tinggi pula tingkat produksi yang akan diperoleh. Salah satu produsen benih unggul di Jember adalah TeFa Seed Center Politeknik Negeri Jember yang telah berdiri sejak tahun 2019. Varietas benih padi yang diproduksi Tefa Seed Center antara lain: Sunggal, Inpari 32 HBD, IR 64, Way Opo Buru, Ciherang, Cibogo, Inpari 33, Memberamo, Mekongga, Situbagendit, Inpari 33, Cakrabuana, dan Mantap. Berbagai macam varietas yang diproduksi ini menyesuaikan permintaan distributor maupun petani langsung yang sesuai dengan lokasi lahan pertaniannya. tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi berbagai faktor secara sistematis berdasarkan kekuatan, peluang, kelemahan, dan ancaman sehingga dapat merumuskan strategi serta kebijakan yang tepat pada Tefa Seed Center. Berdasarkan hasil analisis perusahaan menghadapi peluang yang sangat besar, namun disisi lain Seed Center menghadapi beberapa kendala/kelemahan internal. Rekomendasi yang dapat diberikan adalah sebagai berikut: meningkatkan ketersediaan produk setiap bulan; membangun mitra kolaboratif dengan pemerintah, asosiasi pedagang benih, dan toko pertanian membuat kebun percobaan untuk meyakinkan mitra; menyediakan tenaga pemasaran dan produksi benih yang terlatih; peningkatan manajemen distribusi produk; menambah pekerja untuk costumer service; membangun budaya organisasi yang sehat dan kompetitif.
Improving the technology of gluten-free bread from composite flour mixtures
Authors: Soloveva A. I. , Bragina D. A. , Ushakova Yu. V. , Rysmukhambetova G. Y. 
Published: July 2024

The article presents the research on the development of bread technology from gluten-free composite mixtures: No. 1 from a mixture of rice and flax flour (70: 30), No. 2 from flax and corn flour (50: 50) and No. 3 from pumpkin and corn flour (50: 50). A sociological survey conducted has shown that potential consumers are interested in expanding the line of gluten-free food products in the Saratov region. The following technological parameters for the production of gluten-free bread were determined: proofing time – 100 minutes, chamber temperature 35°С and relative air humidity 40%. The bread was baked for 9 minutes at 200°С and 35 minutes at 180°С with a relative humidity in the working chamber of 40%. Physicochemical studies showed that the moisture content in three samples of gluten-free bread was 1.17 times higher than the norm (46.0) compared to the control. In turn, the acidity of the sample crumb was in the range of 5.5–7.2 degrees, respectively, which exceeded the norm. The crumb porosity of the developed samples was 65.22–68.03%, respectively, while less than 68% was explained by the use of gluten-free mixtures, which were unable to form an elastic elastic frame in the products. The developed gluten-free bread contained QMAFAnM, coliform bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, bacteria of the genus Proteus, mold fungi and pathogenic microorganisms, including Salmonella, and complies with TR CU 021/2011.As a result of the research, sample No. 3 was selected from pumpkin and corn flour (50: 50), which had high performance in terms of overall physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics. The selected sample had dimensional stability, pleasant taste, aroma and baked crumb.
Rationale for the development of an innovative product with the addition of hydrobionts within the framework of the ESG challenges
Authors: Zakoptelova M. V. , Boitsova J. S. 
Published: July 2024

At present food industry must meet the global challenges that we face. The first one is hunger; the population continues to grow, it is necessary to meet nutritional needs by increasing funding for the development of agricultural areas and introducing sustainable development methods in agriculture and fishery segments. The second challenge is the environment. The foodtech industry cannot but influence all processes occurring on our planet. The third one is the health of the population. In order to feed all citizens of a state, food producers often neglect the health of society, reducing the quality of the products they produce. Another challenge arising from the previous one is obesity. At the end of 2022, more than 2 million people were diagnosed with obesity in Russia, 109 thousand of whom were diagnosed with this disease in children under 14 years of age [1,2].The goal of the research was to develop a recipe and technology for snacking products with a high protein content and a reduced amount of fat. In the course of the research the ingredient composition of the product being developed was substantiated, technological parameters were selected, a technological diagram was drawn up, and the nutritional value was calculated. The protein content in the finished product was 29.7 g per 100 g of a finished product.The product will allow us to solve two global challenges in a targeted manner. The introduction of aquatic organisms and vegetable protein – soy isolate – into the recipe helps to improve the balance of proteins, fats and carbohydrates (PFC) of the finished product. At the same time, the combination of plant and fish raw materials will provide an opportunity to launch a new subcategory of snacking products and expand the range of healthy snacks.