bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shielded perspectives: How visual attention moderates the link between social identity and biased judgments about police
Authors: Qu‐Lee Jennie , Balcetis Emily 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIndividuals from different social groups form divergent legal punishment decisions about police officers engaged in altercations with civilians despite viewing the same visual evidence. We review empirical and archival data in the legal domain to offer four vision‐based moderators of polarized legal judgments determined after viewing evidence with a focus on research relevant to police‐civilian altercations. We discuss how selective visual attention, flittering and staring tendencies, differences in cognitive engagement, and visual confirmation bias contribute to divergent legal decisions within and across social groups. By incorporating visual experience into models of legal decision‐making, we reconcile inconsistencies regarding the impact of social group identity on bias in police punishment.
Identification of a novel RHCE*Ce (829G > A) allele associated with absence of C and e antigens expression
Authors: Xuan Ci , Xinxin Fan , Piao Lv , Wenbin Kong , Yingyin Liang , Chixiang Liu , Huayou Zhou 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Rh blood group antigens are encoded by the RHD and RHCE genes, which possess a remarkable degree of polymorphism owing to their high homologous structures. These variants of the RH genes can lead to absence or weak expression of antigens.MethodsAnalysis of RHCE genotyping by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR‐SSP) method specific to detect c.48G, c.48C, 109 bp insertion of IVS2, c.201A and c.307C and RhCE phenotyping, were conducted in 316 Chinese patients in previous study. One patient with discrepancy typing result was collected for further RhCE serologic typing using microcolumn gel method and tube method in saline using monoclonal antibodies. PacBio sequencing was performed for RHCE, RHD and RHAG complete sequence analysis. 3D molecular models of the protein with the wild‐type and mutant residue were generated using the DynaMut web server. The effect of the mutation on the protein function was predicted by PolyPhen‐2 software.ResultsOne male patient of Chinese Han was detected with RHCE*C allele showed by PCR‐SSP method but ccEE phenotype. Further PacBio sequencing identified one normal RHCE*cE allele and one RHCE*Ce allele carried a novel c.829G > A (p.Gly277Arg) variant, which the encoded amino acid located in the ninth transmembrane segment of RhCE protein. Crystallisation analysis of 3D molecular models revealed that the substitution at Arg277 leads to the formation of additional hydrogen bonds, including weak hydrogen bonds between multiple atoms. It also results in hydrophobic ion interactions between Arg277 and Ala244. This mutation is predicted to have a damaging effect on protein function.ConclusionOne novel RHCE*Ce allele with c.829G > A (p.Gly277Arg) variant was identified to resulting in the absence or weak expression of C and e antigens.
Virtual surgical planning and use of a 3D‐printed, patient‐specific reduction system for minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of diaphyseal tibial fractures in dogs: A historic case control study
Authors: Scheuermann Logan M. , Lewis Daniel D. , Johnson Matthew D. , Biedrzycki Adam H. , Kim Stanley E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and clinical outcomes of computed tomography (CT)‐based virtual surgical planning (VSP) and a three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed, patient‐specific reduction system to conventional indirect reduction techniques for diaphyseal tibial fractures stabilized using minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in dogs.Study designA prospective clinical study with a historic control cohort.Sample populationDogs undergoing MIPO stabilization of diaphyseal tibial fractures using a custom 3D‐printed reduction system (3D‐MIPO; n = 15) or conventional indirect reduction techniques (c‐MIPO; n = 14).MethodsDogs were prospectively enrolled to the 3D‐MIPO group and CT scans were used to design and fabricate a custom 3D‐printed reduction system to facilitate MIPO. Medical records were searched to identify dogs for the c‐MIPO group. Pre‐, intra‐ and postoperative parameters were compared between groups.ResultsThe duration from presentation until surgery was 23 h longer in the 3D‐MIPO group (p = .002). Fewer intraoperative fluoroscopic images were acquired (p < .001) and mean surgical duration was 34 min shorter in the 3D‐MIPO group (p = .014). Median postoperative tibial length, frontal alignment, and sagittal alignment were within 4 mm, 3° and 3°, respectively, of the contralateral tibia in both groups and did not differ between reduction groups (p > .1). Postoperative complications occurred in 27% and 14% of fractures in the 3D‐MIPO and c‐MIPO groups, respectively.ConclusionBoth reduction methods yielded comparable results. Although the preoperative planning and guide preparation was time consuming, surgery times were shorter and fluoroscopy use was less in the 3D‐MIPO group.Clinical significanceVSP and the custom 3D‐printed reduction system facilitated efficient MIPO.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Dynamic Vibration Absorber Array for Vibration Mitigation of Integral Blisk
Authors: Wang Shuai , Wang Fangchao , Wu Jun , Zheng Changjun , Bi Chuanxing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Dynamic vibration absorber array (DVAA) is a promising technique for vibration mitigation of integral blisk. In this paper, the effectiveness of the DVAA method is experimentally validated on a piezoelectric actuators-driven vibration test rig of a blisk, which remains static during operation. Numerical analysis on the performance of DVAA is included to instruct the design of DVAA used in experiment. The finite element model is adopted for quantitatively dynamic modeling, and a novel parametric reduced order model (PROM) is presented for the electromechanical coupling system composed of blisk, DVAA, and piezoelectric actuators. Three typical modes of the blisk are addressed to illustrate the effectiveness of DVAA for the modes with different characteristics. Then, parametric study on the performance of DVAA for the selected modes is discussed. On this basis, three series of DVAs targeting the selected modes are manufactured and tuned, and single- and multimode vibration tests are conducted to quantify the performance of DVAA via sweep-frequency approach. Numerical and experimental results illustrate the excellent performance of DVAA for different types of modes of blisk. A light-weight DVAA can achieve satisfactory single- and multimode vibration attenuation performance by properly designing and tuning the DVAA, where the amplitude reduction level can reach above 85% at some cases.
Investigating the User Experience Design of Home Ventilators Through the Lens of Kansei Engineering
Authors: Li Qi , Liu Xinyi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a disease characterized by respiratory disorders, and its prevalence rate is on the rise worldwide. Home ventilator can replace or enhance the respiratory function of human body and alleviate the symptoms of OSAHS, and has become an important treatment, rehabilitation, and nursing equipment for patients. However, the existing products lack humanistic care in emotional level, which leads to negative emotions in the process of human–computer interaction. This study seeks to enhance the user experience of home ventilators by applying the principles of Kansei Engineering (KE). Through a principal component analysis of nine pairs of Kansei image adjectives associated with home ventilators, we concluded that users prefer home ventilators that are “friendly,” “technological,” “pleasant ,” “orderly ,” and “easy to understand.” These findings were utilized in the Kansei design of home ventilators. The effectiveness of these conclusions in improving the user experience of ventilators was subsequently validated using the PrEmo method.
Development of a Thermal Metrology Standard for Evaluation of Cold Plate Thermal Resistance as a Performance Metric
Authors: Martinez Victor A. , Caceres Carol , Ortega Alfonso 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A significant number of investigations have been performed to develop and optimize cold plates for direct-to-chip cooling of processor packages. Many investigations have reported computational simulations using commercially available computational fluid dynamic tools that are compared to experimental data. Generally, the simulations and experimental data are in qualitative agreement but often not in quantitative agreement. Frequently, the experimental characterizations have high experimental uncertainty. In this study, extensive experimental evaluations are used to demonstrate the errors in experimental thermal measurements and the experimental artifacts during testing that lead to unacceptable inconsistency and uncertainty in the reported thermal resistance. By comparing experimental thermal data, such as the temperature at multiple positions on the processor lid, and using that data to extract a meaningful measure of thermal resistance, it is shown that the data uncertainty and inconsistency are primarily due to three factors: (1) inconsistency in the thermal boundary condition supplied by the thermal test vehicle (TTV) to the cold plate, (2) errors in the measurement and interpretation of the surface temperature of a solid surface, such as the heated lid surface, and (3) errors introduced by improper contact between cold plate and TTV. A standard thermal test vehicle (STTV) was engineered and used to provide reproducible thermal boundary conditions to the cold plate. An uncertainty analysis was performed in order to discriminate between the sources of inconsistencies in the reporting of thermal resistance, including parameters such as mechanical load distribution, methods for measuring the cold plate base, and TTV surface temperatures. A critical analysis of the classical thermal resistance definition was performed to emphasize its shortcomings for evaluating the performance of a cold plate. It is shown that the thermal resistance of cold plates based on heat exchanger theory better captures the physics of the heat transfer process when cold plates operate at high thermodynamic effectiveness.
Experimental Investigation on the Effect of Nozzle Design on Airlift Pump Performance
Authors: Gutiérrez-Martínez Javier , Pacheco Ibarra J. Jesus , Aguilar-Corona Alicia , Figueroa-Espinoza Bernardo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Airlift systems are widely used for mass, momentum, and energy transport, particularly in hydrothermal and oil extraction wells. Predicting the impact of nozzle design parameters, such as perforation diameters and air injection areas, remains challenging. This study experimentally investigates an annular airlift pump to understand the influence of various nozzle configurations on performance. Using radial and axial injection with different perforation counts, high-speed camera visualization categorized flow regimes (bubbly, slug, slug-churn) across different gas flow rates. Dimensional analysis assessed energy efficiency, revealing a strong dependence on submergence ratio and perforation-to-inlet pipe area ratio. A dimensionless number, analogous to a restriction coefficient, explained discrepancies with theoretical models at high Reynolds numbers. A specific dimensionless group unified the experimental results for large submergence ratios (greater than 0.8). This study provides insights into optimizing airlift pump performance by exploring the effects of nozzle configurations on transport phenomena.
Impact of Land Versus Water Environments on Orthostatic Hypotension in Older Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Dunlap Emily , Alhalimi Taha , McLaurin Natalie , Tanaka Hirofumi 
Published: August 2024

Background/Objectives: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common condition among older adults that increases the risk of falls. The study objectives are to determine the influence of distinct environments (water vs. land) on OH and the consequent effects of walking in these environments in older adults. Additionally, we aimed to assess the differences in response between two groups: older adults with OH and those without OH. Methods: A randomized crossover design was utilized including one session involving water walking and the other session involving land walking, with a 1- to 3-day washout period. Orthostatic hemodynamic measurements were obtained before, immediately after, and 2 hr after a 15-min walking session. Two subgroups were formed for analysis: participants with OH (n = 14, 81 ± 7 years) and participants without OH (n = 11, 84 ± 7 years). Results: Compared with the land environment, an 86% reduction in the frequency of OH episodes was noted when the older adults were immersed in water. This reduction was accompanied by greater mean arterial pressure, while participants without OH showed no such changes. The frequency of OH episodes was similar when assessed immediately after emerging from the pool following water-based walking or after land-based walking. All participants exhibited elevated mean arterial pressure immediately after water-based walking, but not after land-based walking. Two hours after walking, all participants demonstrated similar mean arterial pressure and frequency of OH episodes, regardless of the environment. Conclusions: Water immersion resulted in a substantial reduction in the frequency of OH episodes among older adults. Additionally, the frequency of OH episodes was not affected by prior walking exercise in either environment. Significance/Implication: These findings underscore the safety and potential advantages of water-based exercise for older adults dealing with OH.
Sedimentary signatures of large earthquakes along the submerged Enriquillo–Plantain Garden transpressional plate boundary, northern Caribbean
Authors: McHugh Cecilia M. , Seeber Leonardo , Gulick Sean P.S. , Magnani M. Beatrice , Hornbach Matthew , Steckler Michael S. , Wright Vashan , Leroy Sylvie , Cabiativa-Pico Victor , Dasent Jhardel , Kersh Justin , Kilburn Richard , James-Williamson Sherene 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault (EPGF), the southern branch of the northern Caribbean left-lateral transpressional plate boundary, has ruptured in two devastating earthquakes along the Haiti southern peninsula: the Mw 7.0, 2010 Haiti and the Mw 7.2, 2021 Nippes earthquakes. In Jamaica, the 1692 Port Royal and 1907 Great Kingston earthquakes caused widespread damage and loss of life. No large earthquakes are known from the 200-km-long Jamaica Passage segment of this plate boundary. To address these hazards, a National Science Foundation Rapid Response survey was conducted to map the EPGF in the Jamaica Passage south of Kingston, Jamaica, and east of the island of Jamaica. From the R/V Pelican we collected &gt;50 high-resolution seismic profiles and 47 gravity cores. Event deposits (EDs) were identified from lithology, physical properties, and geochemistry and were dated in 13 cores. A robust 14C chronology was obtained for the Holocene. A Bayesian age model using OxCal 4.4 calibration was applied. Out of 58 EDs that were recognized, 50 have ages that overlap within their 95% confidence ranges. This allowed for their grouping in multiple basins located as much as 150 km apart. The significant age overlap suggests that EDs along the Enriquillo–Plantain Garden plate boundary resulted from large and potentially dangerous earthquakes. Most of these earthquakes may derive from the EPGF but also from thrust faulting at this strain-partitioned transpressional boundary. The recent increase in Coulomb stress on the EPGF from the Mw 7.2 Nippes earthquake in southwestern Haiti and the discoveries reported here enhance the significance for hazard in the Jamaica Passage.
Visual outcomes and prognostic factors in ischaemic retinal vasculitis
Authors: Yap Aaron , Kearns Helen , Sims Joanne L , Niederer Rachael L 
Published: August 2024

Purpose
Our aim was to describe the visual outcomes and determine the clinical factors in ischaemic retinal vasculitis (IRV) that were predictive of a poor visual prognosis or infectious aetiology.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of consecutive presentations of IRV to Auckland District Health Board from 2009 to 2022.

Results
The median age at presentation was 39.2 years and 108 (53.7%) were women. The total median follow-up was 4.8 years. Infectious aetiology was present in 151 eyes (52.1%). Moderate visual loss (20/50 to 20/200) occurred in 20 eyes (6.9%) and severe visual loss (≤20/200) occurred in 41 eyes (14.1%). Median visual acuity was 20/30 (IQR 20/25 to 20/100) on presentation and 20/25 (IQR 20/20 to 20/50) at final follow-up. Retinitis (HR 4.675 p=0.048) and cystoid macular oedema (CME) (HR 7.265 p<0.001) were significantly associated with vision loss. There was concurrent macular ischaemia in 26 eyes (19.4%) and CME in 52 eyes (17.9%). Retinitis was predictive of infectious aetiology (p=0.006) and cotton wool spots for non-infectious aetiology (p<0.001). Retinal haemorrhage (HR 5.580 p=0.001), retinal vein occlusion (HR 5.071 p=0.001) and quadrants of ischaemia (HR 2.222 p=0.025) were significantly associated with vitreous haemorrhage.

Conclusion
In patients with IRV, 21% of affected individuals sustained moderate-to-severe vision loss over 5 years. Ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography can be used to quantify the risk of neovascular complications and guide treatment.
Experiences of children with bronchiectasis and their parents in a novel play-based therapeutic exercise programme: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Jones Taryn , Baque Emmah , O'Grady Kerry-Ann , Kohler Brooke E , Goyal Vikas , McCallum Gabrielle B , Chang Anne , Trost Stewart 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesTo explore the experiences and perceptions of children with bronchiectasis and their parents regarding an 8-week play-based therapeutic exercise programme.DesignQualitative study with inductive content analysis.SettingIndividual semistructured interviews were conducted. Interview recordings were transcribed verbatim, and coding was guided by the content. Content categories were established via consensus moderation.Participants10 parents and 10 children with bronchiectasis aged 5–12 years.ResultsFrom the perspective of children, the most important components of the programme were fun with friends and being active at home as a family. Parents valued the community-based sessions, perceived the programme to be engaging and motivating. Parents perceived improvements in their child’s endurance, coordination and physical activity level. They described the home programme as fun but noted that finding time was difficult. Both parents and children thought that in-person exercise sessions would be better than exercise sessions delivered online.ConclusionsChildren who participated in the play-based exercise programme, found it fun, motivating and accessible. Parents perceived positive impacts on fitness, coordination and physical activity.Trial registration numberThe trial was registered with, Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ACTRN12619001008112).
Protocol for a randomised controlled unblinded feasibility trial of HD-DRUM: a rhythmic movement training application for cognitive and motor symptoms in people with Huntington’s disease
Authors: Ioakeimidis Vasileios , Busse Monica , Drew Cheney J G , Pallmann Philip , Watson Guy B , Jones Derek , Palombo Marco , Schubert Robin , Rosser Anne E , Metzler-Baddeley Claudia 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionHuntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease causing progressive cognitive and motor decline, largely due to basal ganglia (BG) atrophy. Rhythmic training offers promise as therapy to counteract BG-regulated deficits. We have developed HD-DRUM, a tablet-based app to enhance movement synchronisation skills and improve cognitive and motor abilities in people with HD. This paper outlines a randomised controlled unblinded trial protocol to determine the feasibility of a larger effectiveness trial for HD-DRUM. Additionally, the trial investigates cognitive and motor function measures, along with brain microstructure, aiming to advance our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying training effects.Methods, design and analysis50 individuals with HD, confirmed by genetic testing, and a Total Functional Capacity (TFC) score of 9–13, will be recruited into a two-arm randomised controlled feasibility trial. Consenting individuals with HD will be randomised to the intervention group, which entails 8 weeks of at-home usage of HD-DRUM or a usual-activity control group. All participants will undergo cognitive and motor assessments, alongside ultra-strong gradient (300 mT/m) brain microstructural MRI before and after the 8-week period. The feasibility assessment will encompass recruitment, retention, adherence and acceptability of HD-DRUM following prespecified criteria. The study will also evaluate variations in cognitive and motor performance and brain microstructure changes resulting from the intervention to determine effect size estimates for future sample size calculations.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received favourable ethical opinion from the Wales Research Ethics Committee 2 (REC reference: 22/WA/0147) and is sponsored by Cardiff University (SPON1895-22) (Research Integrity, Governance and Ethics Team, Research & Innovation Services, Cardiff University, second Floor, Lakeside Building, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, CF14 4XW). Findings will be disseminated to researchers and clinicians in peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations, and to participants, carers and the general public via newsletters and public engagement activities. Data will be shared with the research community via the Enroll-HD platform.Trial registration numberISRCTN11906973.