bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multifunctional Bichromophoric Nanoaggregate for Fluorescence Imaging and Simultaneous Photogeneration of RNOS and ROS
Authors: Fraix Aurore , Gonçalves A. Ricardo , Cardile Venera , Graziano Adriana C. E. , Theodossiou Theodossis A. , Yannakopoulou Konstantina , Sortino Salvatore 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe report the design, preparation, and properties of a nanoaggregate formed in phosphate buffer solution by a porphyrin–β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) conjugate and a nitric oxide photodonor tailored to fit the β‐CD cavity. The small nanoassembly with a diameter of about 13 nm exhibits the typical red fluorescence of the porphyrin chromophore. The empty cavity of the β‐CD unit in the nanoaggregate is able to accommodate the NO photodonor, thereby forming a supramolecular bichromophoric aggregate with diameter of about 16 nm. This nanoconstruct preserves the fluorescence of the porphyrin core and is able to generate nitric oxide and singlet oxygen under illumination with visible light. The nanoassembly internalizes in melanoma cells, can be mapped therein by fluorescence microscopy, and induces a significant level of cell mortality, probably due to the combined action of reactive nitrogen oxide species (RNOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS).
A Model‐Based Approach for Gas Turbine Engine Performance Optimal Estimation
Authors: Lu Feng , Lv Yiqiu , Huang Jinquan , Qiu Xiaojie 
Published: June 2013

AbstractKalman filters (KF) are widely used in model‐based fault diagnosis designs for aircraft engine health management purposes. Nevertheless, health parameter estimation based on KF in the self‐tuning on‐board real‐time model (STORM) cannot always achieve sufficient health monitoring due to the interrelation of different types of sensors and the number of sensors usually being less than the number of health parameters on the aircraft engine. In order to mitigate this problem, one must accomplish two things: the sensor measurements for fault diagnosis should be analyzed and determined and a health parameter vector in STORM of lower dimension should be acquired. In this paper, a measurement vector for STORM is selected by the concept of sensor condition number and the sensor similarity is used for validation. A transformation matrix for the health parameter vector is introduced, and quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) is employed to produce a health parameter subset with appropriate dimensions to enable KF based estimation. Simulations on this method are carried out on a turbofan engine, and the results show that the proposed method for health parameters estimation is efficient.
Effect of a single 30 min UMTS mobile phone‐like exposure on the thermal pain threshold of young healthy volunteers
Authors: Vecsei Zsuzsanna , Csathó Árpád , Thuróczy György , Hernádi István 
Published: June 2013

AbstractOne of the most frequently investigated effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMFs) on the behavior of complex biological systems is pain sensitivity. Despite the growing body of evidence of EMF‐induced changes in pain sensation, there is no currently accepted experimental protocol for such provocation studies for the healthy human population. In the present study, therefore, we tested the effects of third generation Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) RF EMF exposure on the thermal pain threshold (TPT) measured on the surface of the fingers of 20 young adult volunteers. The protocol was initially validated with a topical capsaicin treatment. The exposure time was 30 min and the genuine (or sham) signal was applied to the head through a patch antenna, where RF EMF specific absorption rate (SAR) values were controlled and kept constant at a level of 1.75 W/kg. Data were obtained using randomized, placebo‐controlled trials in a double‐blind manner. Subjective pain ratings were tested blockwise on a visual analogue rating scale (VAS). Compared to the control and sham conditions, the results provide evidence for intact TPT but a reduced desensitization effect between repeated stimulations within the individual blocks of trials, observable only on the contralateral side for the genuine UMTS exposure. Subjective pain perception (VAS) data indicated marginally decreased overall pain ratings in the genuine exposure condition only. The present results provide pioneering information about human pain sensation in relation to RF EMF exposure and thus may contribute to cover the existing gap between safety research and applied biomedical science targeting the potential biological effects of environmental RF EMFs. Bioelectromagnetics. 34:530–541. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
NMR Spectroscopic Study of the Self‐Aggregation of 3‐Hexen‐1,5‐diyne Derivatives
Authors: Pérez Ana , de Saá Diana , Ballesteros Alfredo , Serrano José Luis , Sierra Teresa , Romero Pilar 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe self‐assembly of polycatenar molecules derived from 1,6‐diphenyl‐3,4‐dipropyl‐3‐hexen‐1,5‐diyne has been studied in detail by solution NMR spectroscopy. The analysis of the concentration‐ and temperature‐dependent evolution of the chemical shifts and the diffusion coefficients in [D12]cyclohexane agrees well with an isodesmic model of association in this solvent. The association constants for the stacking and entropy and enthalpy of the process have been obtained. The driving force for the aggregation process is provided by a negative enthalpy (ΔH), which is partially compensated by a negative entropy (ΔS). A structural study of the self‐assembly in solution has been carried out with the help of NOESY NMR spectroscopic experiments.
Surface‐Imprinted Nanofilaments for Europium‐Amplified Luminescent Detection of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics
Authors: Zdunek Jolanta , Benito‐Peña Elena , Linares Ana , Falcimaigne‐Cordin Aude , Orellana Guillermo , Haupt Karsten , Moreno‐Bondi María C. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe development and characterization of novel, molecularly imprinted polymer nanofilament‐based optical sensors for the analysis of enrofloxacin, an antibiotic widely used for human and veterinary applications, is reported. The polymers were prepared by nanomolding in porous alumina by using enrofloxacin as the template. The antibiotic was covalently immobilized on to the pore walls of the alumina by using different spacers, and the prepolymerization mixture was cast in the pores and the polymer synthesized anchored onto a glass support through UV polymerization. Various parameters affecting polymer selectivity were evaluated to achieve optimal recognition, namely, the spacer arm length and the binding solvent. The results of morphological characterization, binding kinetics, and selectivity of the optimized polymer material for ENR and its derivatives are reported. For sensing purposes, the nanofilaments were incubated in solutions of the target molecule in acetonitrile/HEPES buffer (100 mM, pH 7.5, 50:50, v/v) for 20 min followed by incubation in a 10 mM solution of europium(III) ions to generate a europium(III)–enrofloxacin complex on the polymer surface. The detection event was based on the luminescence of the rare‐earth ion (λexc=340 nm; λem=612 nm) that results from energy transfer from the antibiotic excited state to the metal‐ion emitting excited state. The limit of detection of the enrofloxacin antibiotic was found to be 0.58 μM.
Mechanisms of Postecdysis‐Associated Programmed Cell Death of Peptidergic Neurons in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Lee Gyunghee G. , Kikuno Keiko , Nair Sudershana , Park Jae H. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTCrustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP)‐expressing neurons undergo programmed cell death (PCD) within 24 hours after adult eclosion. A subset of the doomed CCAP neurons in the ventral nerve cord also expressed the neuropeptide bursicon and thus are referred to as bursCCAP neurons. In this study, we undertook comprehensive genetic and transgenic analyses to dissect the PCD mechanisms of bursCCAP neurons. Expression of a versatile caspase inhibitor, p35, blocked PCD of bursCCAP neurons, suggesting caspase‐dependent apoptosis. Further genetic analyses showed that Dronc/Dark and Drice are key caspases, but they are not sufficient to carry out the PCD fully. We did not find a role for other known caspases, Strica, Dredd, Damm, or Decay. Of interest, Dcp‐1 is required not for the death of bursCCAP neurons per se but for the removal of neural projections. DIAP1 is an important survival factor that inhibits premature death of bursCCAP neurons. We found that grim functions as a principal death inducer, whereas other death genes, hid, reaper, and sickle, show no endogenous function. Taken together with other studies, our work supports the role of grim as a major death inducer particularly for the removal of obsolete larval neurons during CNS metamorphosis. Results from the ectopic expression of the mutant grim lacking either N‐terminal IBM or internal GH3 domain indicated that both domains are necessary to induce CCAP cell death. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3972–3991, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Hydrogen Molecules Trapped inside C70 Fullerene Cages
Authors: Mamone Salvatore , Concistrè Maria , Heinmaa Ivo , Carravetta Marina , Kuprov Ilya , Wall Gary , Denning Mark , Lei Xuegong , Chen Judy Y.‐C. , Li Yongjun , Murata Yasujiro , Turro Nicholas J. , Levitt Malcolm H. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe present a solid‐state NMR study of H2 molecules confined inside the cavity of C70 fullerene cages over a wide range of temperatures (300 K to 4 K). The proton NMR spectra are consistent with a model in which the dipole–dipole coupling between the ortho‐H2 protons is averaged over the rotational/translational states of the confined quantum rotor, with an additional chemical shift anisotropy δHCSA=10.1 ppm induced by the carbon cage. The magnitude of the chemical shift anisotropy is consistent with DFT estimates of the chemical shielding tensor field within the cage. The experimental NMR data indicate that the ground state of endohedral ortho‐H2 in C70 is doubly degenerate and polarized transverse to the principal axis of the cage. The NMR spectra indicate significant magnetic alignment of the C70 long axes along the magnetic field, at temperatures below ∼10 K.
Alterations of the Olfactory–Gustatory Functions in Patients with Eating Disorders
Authors: Dazzi Federico , Nitto Serena De , Zambetti Giampietro , Loriedo Camillo , Ciofalo Andrea 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to assess olfactory–gustatory function impairment in patients with eating disorders.MethodsNineteen patients with a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, 18 patients with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and a control sample of 19 healthy subjects were recruited from the day hospital service of the Complex Operative Unit for Alimentary Conduct Disorders of the Policlinico Umberto I in Rome. Evaluation of olfactory and gustatory functions was performed on patients through the ‘Sniffin' Sticks’ method in order to assess the olfactory threshold, the capacity for discriminating and identifying olfactory stimuli, and the overall olfactory function, and through the ‘taste strip’ kit method in order to assess the gustatory function. The results were processed statistically to assess differences between patients with anorexia nervosa, patients with bulimia nervosa and healthy controls.ResultsThe two groups of patients with bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa showed a poorer olfactory and gustatory function compared with the healthy controls; discrimination of olfactory stimuli and overall olfactory function were reduced in both samples, as well as the overall gustatory function and the perception of bitter stimuli, whereas olfactory threshold was altered only in patients with bulimia nervosa. In both samples, scores for olfactory function fell within the range of hyposmia.DiscussionOur data suggest that patients with eating disorders have an altered perception of olfactory and gustatory stimuli. The alterations observed are worth further investigation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
PTHrP Produced by Myeloma Plasma Cells Regulates Their Survival and Pro-Osteoclast Activity For Bone Disease Progression
Authors: Cafforio Paola , Savonarola Annalisa , Stucci Stefania , De Matteo Monica , Tucci Marco , Brunetti Anna Elisabetta , Vecchio Vita Mariagrazia , Silvestris Francesco 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACT

To promote their survival and progression in the skeleton, osteotropic malignancies of breast, lung, and prostate produce parathyroid hormone–related protein (PTHrP), which induces hypercalcemia. PTHrP serum elevations have also been described in multiple myeloma (MM), although their role is not well defined. When we investigated MM cells from patients and cell lines, we found that PTHrP and its receptor (PTH-R1) are highly expressed, and that PTHrP is secreted both as a full-length molecule and as small subunits. Among these subunits, the mid-region, including the nuclear localization sequence (NLS), exerted a proliferative effect because it was accumulated in nuclei of MM cells surviving in starvation conditions. This was confirmed by increased transcription of several genes enrolled in proliferation and apoptosis control. PTHrP was also found to stimulate PTH-R1 in MM cells. PTH-R1's selective activation by the full-length PTHrP molecule or the NH2-terminal fragment resulted in a significant increase of intracellular Ca2+ influx, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) content, and expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Our data definitely clarify the role of PTHrP in MM. The PTHrP peptide is functionally secreted by malignant plasma cells and contributes to MM tumor biology and progression, both by intracrine maintenance of cell proliferation in stress conditions and by autocrine or paracrine stimulation of PTH-R1, which in turn reinforces the production of osteoclastogenic factors. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Clinicopathologic analysis of undifferentiated carcinoma of the gallbladder
Authors: Park Hyo Jun , Jang Kee‐Taek , Choi Dong Wook , Heo Jin Seok , Choi Seong Ho 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundUndifferentiated carcinoma (UC) of the gallbladder (GB) is a rare malignant neoplasm and there have only been sparse case reports without precise description. We analyzed eight cases of UC of GB and compared with gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) in the aspects of clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis.MethodsWe found eight UC cases out of 238 surgically resected GBCs. Patients with stage‐matched GBC were selected (1:4) for comparative analysis of the clinicopathologic features and survival of UC.ResultsHistologically, UC cases were composed of four sarcomatoid, two pleomorphic, one small cell, and one osteoclast‐like giant cell types. There was no difference between UC and ordinary GBC in clinicopathologic parameters, except for tumor size. It was significantly larger in UC (median; 5.0 cm, ranging 1.3–10.0 cm) compared to GBC (median; 3.0 cm, ranging 1.5–9.0 cm, P = 0.01). UC presented frequent intraluminal polypoid mass (87.5%: 7/8). UC showed significantly poor overall survival rate (37.5%, 37.5% and 18.8% at 1, 3, and 5 years), than GBC (84.4%, 65.6% and 52.1%, respectively) (P = 0.005). Pathologic findings of UC were an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in GBC (HR 7.242, 95% confidence interval: 1.799–29.147).ConclusionsUndifferentiated carcinoma of the gallbladder was a rare highly malignant neoplasm and frequently presented a large intraluminal polypoid tumor. It showed a significantly larger tumor size and poorer survival than GBC.
Functional properties of a cross‐linked soy protein–gelatin composite towards limited tryptic digestion of two extents
Authors: Sheng Wen‐Wen , Zhao Xin‐Huai 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDBoth enzymatic cross‐linking and hydrolysis are used to treat food proteins for functionality modification. The present study aimed to reveal the impact of limited tryptic digestion on some functional properties of a cross‐linked composite generated from soy protein isolate and gelatin by transglutaminase.RESULTSThe composite was digested by trypsin for 1.5 and 4 h to produce two hydrolyzed composites with degrees of hydrolysis of 1% and 2%, respectively. Electrophoretic and chemical analysis showed that only part of the composite was degraded, and the gelatin fraction in the composite was more sensitive to tryptic digestion than the soy protein fraction. The hydrolyzed composites exhibited higher protein dispersion index atpH4.5 or 7.0 and surface hydrophobicity, better digestibilityin vitro, emulsifying property and oil absorption capacity, but lower water holding capacity and rheological properties (apparent viscosity, storage and loss modulus) than the composite. Compared to soy protein isolate, the hydrolyzed composites had better rheological properties, and higher water‐holding capacity and emulsion stability index.CONCLUSIONThe applied tryptic digestion conferred some improved properties on the hydrolyzed composites compared with the composite or soy protein isolate, and has potential for obtaining a new functional ingredient for processed foods. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Forming Crystalline Polymer‐Nano Interphase Structures for High‐Modulus and High‐Tensile/Strength Composite Fibers
Authors: Meng Jiangsha , Zhang Yiying , Song Kenan , Minus Marilyn L. 
Published: June 2013

PVA/single‐walled nanotube (SWNT) composite fibers are fabricated using a steady shear‐flow gel‐spinning method. The resultant fibers show excellent tensile strength, modulus, and toughness of 4.9 GPa, 128 GPa, and 202 J · g−1, respectively. Templated interfacial crystallization of PVA in the vicinity of SWNT is controlled by tailoring the degree of undercooling of PVA during the composite solution preparation. WAXD shows that the templated crystallization behavior of the PVA at the SWNT interfacial region is new. PVA/SWNT fibers that exhibit interfacial structure show a predominant crystallization plane of (001) as compared to the (101) plane seen in PVA/SWNT fibers without a distinct interfacial structure. This demonstrates that the PVA interfacial region around SWNT has denser crystalline chain‐packing.
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Influence of calendar period on the association between BMI and coronary heart disease: A meta‐analysis of 31 cohorts
Authors: de Hollander Ellen L. , Bogers Rik P. , Boshuizen Hendriek C. , Rosengren Annika , Shipley Martin J. , Knekt Paul , Ducimetière Pierre , Menotti Alessandro , de Groot Lisette CPGM , Bemelmans Wanda J.E. ,   for the BMI‐CHD collaboration investigators
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjective:The association between obesity and coronary heart disease (CHD) may have changed over time, for example due to improved pharmacological treatment of CHD risk factors. This meta‐analysis of 31 prospective cohort studies explores the influence of calendar period on CHD risk associated with body mass index (BMI).Design and Methods:The relative risks (RRs) of CHD for a five‐BMI‐unit increment and BMI categories were pooled by means of random effects models. Meta‐regression analysis was used to examine the influence of calendar period (>1985 v ≤1985) in univariate and multivariate analyses (including mean population age as a covariate).Results:The age, sex, and smoking adjusted RR (95% confidence intervals) of CHD for a five‐BMI‐unit increment was 1.28(1.22:1.34). For underweight, overweight and obesity, the RRs (compared to normal weight) were 1.11(0.91:1.36), 1.31(1.22:1.41), and 1.78(1.55:2.04), respectively. The univariate analysis indicated 31% (95%CI: −56:0) lower RR of CHD associated with a five‐BMI‐unit increment and a 51% (95%CI: −78: −14)) lower RR associated with obesity in studies starting after 1985 (n = 15 and 10, respectively) compared to studies starting in or before 1985 (n = 16 and 10). However, in the multivariate analysis, only mean population age was independently associated with the RRs for a five‐BMI‐unit increment and obesity (−29(95%CI: −55: −5)) and −31(95%CI: −66:3), respectively) per 10‐year increment in mean age).Conclusion:This study provides no consistent evidence for a difference in the association between BMI and CHD by calendar period. The mean population age seems to be the most important factor that modifies the association between the risk of CHD and BMI, in which the RR decreases with increasing age.
Risk factors and outcomes of maternal obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy
Authors: Gaillard Romy , Durmuş Büşra , Hofman Albert , Mackenbach Johan P. , Steegers Eric A.P. , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjective:The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age is increasing. We aimed to determine risk factors and maternal, fetal and childhood consequences of maternal obesity and excessive gestational weight gain.Design and Methods:The study was embedded in a population‐based prospective cohort study among 6959 mothers and their children. The study was based in Rotterdam, The Netherlands (2001–2005).Results:Maternal lower educational level, lower household income, multiparity, and FTO risk allel were associated with an increased risk of maternal obesity, whereas maternal European ethnicity, nulliparity, higher total energy intake, and smoking during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of excessive gestational weight gain (all p‐values <0.05). As compared to normal weight, maternal obesity was associated with increased risks of gestational hypertension (OR 6.31 (95% CI 4.30, 9.26)), preeclampsia (OR (3.61, (95% CI 2.04, 6.39)), gestational diabetes (OR 6.28 (95%CI 3.01, 13.06)), caesarean delivery (OR 1.91 (95% CI 1.46, 2.50)), delivering large size for gestational age infants (OR 2.97 (95% CI 2.16, 4.08)), and childhood obesity (OR 5.02 (95% CI:2.97, 8.45)). Weaker associations of excessive gestational weight gain with maternal, fetal and childhood outcomes were observed, with the strongest effects for first trimester weight gain.Conclusions:Our study shows that maternal obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy are associated with socio‐demographic, lifestyle, and genetic factors and with increased risks of adverse maternal, fetal and childhood outcomes. As compared to prepregnancy overweight and obesity, excessive gestational weight gain has a limited influence on adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Weight bias in graduate school admissions
Authors: Burmeister Jacob M. , Kiefner Allison E. , Carels Robert A. , Musher‐Eizenman Dara R. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjective:Whether weight bias occurs in the graduate school admissions process is explored here. Specifically, we examined whether body mass index (BMI) was related to letter of recommendation quality and the number of admissions offers applicants received after attending in‐person interviews.Design and Methods:Participants were 97 applicants to a psychology graduate program at a large university in the United States. They reported height, weight, and information about their applications to psychology graduate programs. Participants' letters of recommendation were coded for positive and negative statements as well as overall quality.Results:Higher BMI significantly predicted fewer post‐interview offers of admission into psychology graduate programs. Results also suggest this relationship is stronger for female applicants. BMI was not related to overall quality or the number of stereotypically weight‐related adjectives in letters of recommendation. Surprisingly, higher BMI was related to more positive adjectives in letters.Conclusions:The first evidence that individuals interviewing applicants to graduate programs may systematically favor thinner applicants is provided here. A conscious or unconscious bias against applicants with extra body weight is a plausible explanation. Stereotype threat and social identity threat are also discussed as explanations for the relationship between BMI and interview success.