bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of oxidative stress expressed by urinary level of biopyrrins and 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine in patients with chronic schizophrenia
Authors: Miyaoka Tsuyoshi , Ieda Masa , Hashioka Sadayuki , Wake Rei , Furuya Motohide , Liaury Kristian , Hayashida Maiko , Tsuchie Keiko , Arauchi Ryosuke , Araki Tomoko , Shioji Izuru , Ezoe Satoko , Inoue Ken , Yamaguchi Tokio , Horiguchi Jun 
Published: May 2015

AimsPrevious studies have supported the claim that psychological stress induces the production of reactive oxygen species. Several authors have suggested that patients with psychiatric disorders show high levels of oxidative stress markers. We examined different oxidative stress markers in patients with chronic schizophrenia.MethodsThis study included 29 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 30 healthy volunteers. The concentration of urinary biopyrrins and 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG), as measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, were normalized to the urinary concentration of creatinine. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed by the administration of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS).ResultsThe concentration of biopyrrins in patients with chronic schizophrenia was significantly higher when compared with healthy volunteers. The correlation between biopyrrin level and the duration of illness was highly significant. There were no significant differences in the levels of urinary 8‐OHdG between the two groups. In schizophrenic patients, the level of urinary biopyrrins showed correlations with BPRS scores, while the level of urinary 8‐OHdG did not show correlations with BPRS.ConclusionsUrinary biopyrrins are increased in patients with chronic schizophrenia while urinary 8‐OHdG is not increased. These findings suggest that patients with chronic schizophrenia are under the condition of certain oxidative stresses.
Time study of staff members in an institution for severe motor and intellectual disabilities
Authors: Matsubasa Tadashi , Kimura Akihiko , Shinohara Makoto , Endo Fumio 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackgroundIn Japan, improvement in the care for institutionalized patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) has resulted in improved prognosis compared with previous decades, leading to difficulty in entering institutions because of the limited capacity. In recent years, new SMID patients discharged mostly from neonatal intensive care units receive care in their parents’ homes rather than in institutions. In order to effect this change, an assessment of patient care in both an institutional and home environment is of utmost importance.MethodsWe performed a minute‐by‐minute time study of the work of staff members (n = 31) in a ward in an institution for SMID (31 patients with no ventilators) over 48 h in order to reconstruct patient care.ResultsSignificant differences were found between the entirely immobile group (n = 15) and semi‐mobile group (n = 13) in the area of total care time (124.6 vs 83.4 min/day, respectively, P = 0.003) and non‐medical care time (99.1 vs 69.0 min/day, P = 0.003). Nurses (16 in total) did twice as many tasks as other staff members in the areas of medical care and general care management. The number of tasks was the same for nurses and other staff members in the areas of non‐medical care and social participation/others.ConclusionPatient care undertaken by medical professionals in the areas of both ordinary care as well as medical care seemed to have contributed to improved prognosis in SMID patients. This study demonstrates the essential nature of nursing care for SMID patients living in institutions and at home.
Neurological disease in human and canine leishmaniasis – clinical features and immunopathogenesis
Authors: Maia C. S. F. , Monteiro M. C. , Gavioli E. C. , Oliveira F. R. , Oliveira G. B. , Romão P. R. T. 
Published: May 2015

SummaryLeishmaniasis is a vectorborne disease caused by Leishmania protozoa, which is a major health problem and a neglected disease common in many regions of the world. Leishmania is an intracellular parasite transmitted by sand flies that causes clinical manifestations ranging from a severe and potentially fatal disease named visceral leishmaniasis to less severe but in many cases disfiguring diseases that mainly affect the skin or mucosal tissues, known as cutaneous leishmaniasis. Despite the detection of Leishmania parasites in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid of human patients and dogs, epidemiological data, as well as information about the mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system alterations, are poorly described. This review is focused on the current knowledge about the neurological manifestations and immunopathogenic mechanisms in human patients and animals infected with Leishmania.
Molecular tracing of the transmission routes of bois noir in Mediterranean vineyards of Montenegro and experimental evidence for the epidemiological role of Vitex agnus‐castus (Lamiaceae) and associated Hyalesthes obsoletus (Cixiidae)
Authors: Kosovac A. , Radonjić S. , Hrnčić S. , Krstić O. , Toševski I. , Jović J. 
Published: May 2015

Epidemiological aspects and transmission routes of bois noir (BN), a grapevine yellows disease induced by ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’, have been exhaustively studied in the affected vineyards of continental Europe but not in the Mediterranean coastal zone. Because ‘Ca. Phytoplasma solani’ and its principal vector Hyalesthes obsoletus presumably originate from the Mediterranean, gaining knowledge of the epidemiological peculiarities of the disease in this area is essential for understanding its global spread and diversification, as well as for designing local management strategies. In this study, molecular epidemiology was applied to trace transmission pathways of ‘Ca. Phytoplasma solani’ in the Mediterranean vineyards of Montenegro, using multilocus sequence typing of tuf, vmp1 and stamp genes of the isolates associated with various hosts. Thus, ‘Ca. Phytoplasma solani’ was tracked from a tentative reservoir plant (inoculum source) through an associated vector population to the infected grapevine. Three pathways of transmission were documented, originating from Urtica dioica, Convolvulus arvensis and Vitex agnus‐castus; however, only the route originating from U. dioica was direct, whereas the latter two were overlapping and could be intermixed. Vitex agnus‐castus is a natural source of ‘Ca. Phytoplasma solani’, representing an important link in disease epidemiology in the Mediterranean and a possible origin of several genotypes occurring in central Europe. Experimental confirmation of the role of Vitex‐associated H. obsoletus in BN transmission in Montenegrin vineyards indicates its tentative role as a vector in the wide area of the Mediterranean, where some of the major wine‐producing regions are located.
Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Boar Semen Quality After Long‐term Refrigeration at 17°C
Authors: Teixeira SMP , Chaveiro A , Moreira da Silva F 
Published: May 2015

ContentsIn this study, the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (10 trans, 12 cis) (CLA) on refrigerated boar sperm quality parameters up to 14 days at 17°C was assessed. Semen was extended in Androhep and divided into four treatments supplemented with CLA (25, 50, 100 and 200 μm) and control group, then kept for 2 h at 22°C. Afterwards an aliquot of each treatment was removed, and mitochondrial activity, viability, lipid membrane peroxidation (LPO) and stability of the sperm plasma membrane were assessed by flow cytometry. The remaining extended semen was maintained at 17°C until 336 h, repeating the same analysis every 48 h. Regarding percentage of live spermatozoa, no statistical differences were observed among treatments up to 96 h. After this time, viability decreased significantly (p < 0.05) for CLA concentrations of 100 and 200 μm. Despite these results, there was an individual response to CLA. Although in the control group, the boar A presented better results when compared with the other boars, especially at concentrations of 50 and 100 μm boar B showed significantly higher results (p < 0.05). Supplementation with CLA improved (p < 0.05) LPO, but not the mitochondrial membrane potential of sperm. The highest two CLA concentrations showed to be toxic for sperm as all results were lower than the observed for the control. In conclusion, CLA at 50 μm seems to be an efficient concentration for reducing the oxidative stress, decreasing LPO, maintaining viability, membrane stability and mitochondrial potential on refrigerated boar spermatozoa.
Assessing the Stability of Trust in Government Across Election Periods*
Authors: Dabros Matthew S. , Parker Suzanne L. , Petersen Mark W. 
Published: May 2015

ObjectivePast research shows that electoral context prompts changes in political trust. In the United States, data limitations confine this literature to status‐quo affirming presidential elections. We extend previous research to unexamined contexts: elections with partisan presidential changes, midterm elections with shifts in congressional control, and nonelection periods.MethodOriginal panel data from 2004, 2005, 2008, 2010, and 2012 are used. Data were obtained from surveys administered to students enrolled at a large midwestern university. We compare context effects on trust and other political attitudes, and contrast trust levels among winners and losers in each context.ResultsWe find that trust is more malleable than most other attitudes in all periods; it is less stable in presidential elections than congressional elections; and there is no evidence of winner and loser effects.ConclusionOur findings reveal the importance of political context in explaining the stability of trust by showing that trust levels are more changeable in certain contexts than others, specifically more changeable in presidential than in congressional elections.
Control of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused byLeishmania majorin south‐eastern Morocco
Authors: Bennis Issam , De Brouwere Vincent , Ameur Btissam , El Idrissi Laamrani Abderrahmane , Chichaoui Smaine , Hamid Sahibi , Boelaert Marleen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused byLeishmania majorhas increased in Morocco over the last decade, prompting the Ministry of Health to take intersectoral response measures including vector and reservoir control. The aim of this article was to describe theCLoutbreak response measures taken in the province of Errachidia, where the reservoir ofL. major, a sand rat (Meriones shawi),was targeted using strychnine‐poisoned wheat baits from 2010 to 2012.MethodWe analysed routine surveillance data and other information using the data of the CL control programme.ResultsWe present data on the evolution and the extension ofCLin this province as well as the epidemiological profile of the disease. Between 2004 and 2013, 7099 cases ofCLwere recorded in Errachidia Province, gradually affecting all districts. Our results demonstrate that more women were affected than men and that all age groups were represented.ConclusionErrachidia Province was the epicentre of the recentCLoutbreak in Morocco. A notable decline in incidence rates was observed after 2011. The outbreak control measures may have contributed to this decline, as well as climatic trends or progressing herd immunity.
Cost per patient of treatment for rifampicin‐resistant tuberculosis in a community‐based programme in Khayelitsha, South Africa
Authors: Cox Helen , Ramma Lebogang , Wilkinson Lynne , Azevedo Virginia , Sinanovic Edina 
Published: May 2015

SummaryObjectivesThe high cost of rifampicin‐resistant tuberculosis (RR‐TB) treatment hinders treatment access. South Africa has a high RR‐TB burden, and national policy outlines decentralisation to improve access and reduce costs. We analysed health system costs associated with RR‐TB treatment by drug resistance profile and treatment outcome in a decentralised programme.MethodsRetrospective, routinely collected patient‐level data were combined with unit cost data to determine costs for each patient in a cohort treated between January 2009 and December 2011. Drug costs were based on recommended regimens according to drug resistance and treatment duration. Hospitalisation costs were estimated based on admission/discharge dates, while clinic visit and diagnostic/monitoring costs were estimated according to recommendations and treatment duration. Missing data were imputed.ResultsAmong 467 patients (72% HIV infected), 49% were successfully treated. Treatment was initiated in primary care for 62%, with the remainder as inpatients. The mean cost per patient treated was $7916 (range 260–87 140), ranging from $5369 among patients who did not complete treatment to $23 006 for treatment failure. Mean cost for successful treatment was $8359 (2585–32 506). Second‐line drug resistance was associated with a mean cost of $15 567 vs. $6852 for only first‐line resistance, with the major cost difference due to hospitalisation. Costs are reported in 2013 USD.ConclusionsRR‐TB treatment cost was high and varied according to treatment outcome. Despite decentralisation, hospitalisation remained a significant cost, particularly among those with more extensive resistance and those with treatment failure. These cost estimates can be used to model the impact of new interventions to improve patient outcomes.
Abscisic acid affects transcription of chloroplast genes via protein phosphatase 2C‐dependent activation of nuclear genes: repression by guanosine‐3′‐5′‐bisdiphosphate and activation by sigma factor 5
Authors: Yamburenko Maria V. , Zubo Yan O. , Börner Thomas 
Published: May 2015

SummaryAbscisic acid (ABA) represses the transcriptional activity of chloroplast genes (determined by run‐on assays), with the exception of psbD and a few other genes in wild‐type Arabidopsis seedlings and mature rosette leaves. Abscisic acid does not influence chloroplast transcription in the mutant lines abi1‐1 and abi2‐1 with constitutive protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) activity, suggesting that ABA affects chloroplast gene activity by binding to the pyrabactin resistance (PYR)/PYR1‐like or regulatory component of ABA receptor protein family (PYR/PYL/RCAR) and signaling via PP2Cs and sucrose non‐fermenting protein‐related kinases 2 (SnRK2s). Further we show by quantitative PCR that ABA enhances the transcript levels of RSH2, RSH3, PTF1 and SIG5. RelA/SpoT homolog 2 (RSH2) and RSH3 are known to synthesize guanosine‐3′‐5′‐bisdiphosphate (ppGpp), an inhibitor of the plastid‐gene‐encoded chloroplast RNA polymerase. We propose, therefore, that ABA leads to an inhibition of chloroplast gene expression via stimulation of ppGpp synthesis. On the other hand, sigma factor 5 (SIG5) and plastid transcription factor 1 (PTF1) are known to be necessary for the transcription of psbD from a specific light‐ and stress‐induced promoter (the blue light responsive promoter, BLRP). We demonstrate that ABA activates the psbD gene by stimulation of transcription initiation at BLRP. Taken together, our data suggest that ABA affects the transcription of chloroplast genes by a PP2C‐dependent activation of nuclear genes encoding proteins involved in chloroplast transcription.
A prospective, active haemovigilance study with combined cohort analysis of 19 175 transfusions of platelet components prepared with amotosalen–UVA photochemical treatment
Authors: Knutson F. , Osselaer J. , Pierelli L. , Lozano M. , Cid J. , Tardivel R. , Garraud O. , Hervig T. , Domanovic D. , Cukjati M. , Gudmundson S. , Hjalmarsdottir I. B. , Castrillo A. , Gonzalez R. , Brihante D. , Santos M. , Schlenke P. , Elliott A. , Lin J.‐S. , Tappe D. , Stassinopoulos A. , Green J. , Corash L. 
Published: May 2015

Background and ObjectivesA photochemical treatment process (PCT) utilizing amotosalen and UVA light (INTERCEPT™ Blood System) has been developed for inactivation of viruses, bacteria, parasites and leucocytes that can contaminate blood components intended for transfusion. The objective of this study was to further characterize the safety profile of INTERCEPT‐treated platelet components (PCT‐PLT) administered across a broad patient population.Materials and MethodsThis open‐label, observational haemovigilance programme of PCT‐PLT transfusions was conducted in 21 centres in 11 countries. All transfusions were monitored for adverse events within 24 h post‐transfusion and for serious adverse events (SAEs) up to 7 days post‐transfusion. All adverse events were assessed for severity (Grade 0–4), and causal relationship to PCT‐PLT transfusion.ResultsOver the course of 7 years in the study centres, 4067 patients received 19 175 PCT‐PLT transfusions. Adverse events were infrequent, and most were of Grade 1 severity. On a per‐transfusion basis, 123 (0·6%) were classified an acute transfusion reaction (ATR) defined as an adverse event related to the transfusion. Among these ATRs, the most common were chills (77, 0·4%) and urticaria (41, 0·2%). Fourteen SAEs were reported, of which 2 were attributed to platelet transfusion (<0·1%). No case of transfusion‐related acute lung injury, transfusion‐associated graft‐versus‐host disease, transfusion‐transmitted infection or death was attributed to the transfusion of PCT‐PLT.ConclusionThis longitudinal haemovigilance safety programme to monitor PCT‐PLT transfusions demonstrated a low rate of ATRs, and a safety profile consistent with that previously reported for conventional platelet components.
Complete Genome Sequence of Porcine Circovirus Strain 102 with a Novel Mutation, Isolated from Hunan Province, China
Authors: Zhu Zhe , Wang Naidong , Zhan Yang , Wang Zhanfeng , Wang Aibing , Deng Zhibang , Yang Yi 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT
Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) strain 102 belongs to the PCV2b-1C subtype, and its sole structural protein (Cap) exhibits high homology with that of other PCV2b isolates reported in South Korea, China, and the United States. Strain 102 contains a new mutation (R37H) in the domain of the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of the Cap.
Draft Genome Sequences of 10
Microbacterium
spp., with Emphasis on Heavy Metal-Contaminated Environments
Authors: Corretto Erika , Antonielli Livio , Sessitsch Angela , Kidd Petra , Weyens Nele , Brader Günter 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Microbacterium
spp. isolated from heavy metal (HM)-contaminated environments (soil and plants) can play a role in mobilization processes and in the phytoextraction of HM. Here, we report the whole-genome sequences and annotation of 10
Microbacterium
spp. isolated from both HM-contaminated and -noncontaminated compartments.
Whole-Genome Sequence of
Aquamicrobium
sp. Strain SK-2, a Polychlorinated Biphenyl-Utilizing Bacterium Isolated from Sewage Sludge
Authors: Chang Young-Cheol , Sawada Ken , Kim Eun-Sook , Jung Kweon , Kikuchi Shintaro 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the whole-genome sequence of
Aquamicrobium
sp. strain SK-2, a bacterium which can use 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl as the sole carbon source for its growth. An approximately 9.23-Mb genome sequence of SK-2 will greatly facilitate research efforts regarding the study of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) degradation mechanism.
Draft Genome Sequence of Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strain CUAB1 from a Patient in Hong Kong, China
Authors: Yim Aldrin Kay-Yuen , Kwok Jamie Sui-Lam , Yu Allen Chi-Shing , Leung Alden King-Yung , Lau Hiuus Hiu-Yu , Chan Ting-Fung , Ip Margaret , Tsui Stephen Kwok-Wing 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of an extensively drug-resistant strain of
Acinetobacter baumannii
, CUAB1, isolated from a patient in a local Hong Kong hospital. MIC testing was performed, and genes previously associated with drug resistance were located.
Draft Genome Sequences of Six Different Staphylococcus epidermidis Clones, Isolated Individually from Preterm Neonates Presenting with Sepsis at Edinburgh's Royal Infirmary
Authors: Walsh P. , Bekaert M. , Carroll J. , Manning T. , Kelly B. , O’Driscoll A. , Lu X. , Smith C. , Dickinson P. , Templeton K. , Ghazal P. , Sleator R. D. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Herein, we report the draft genome sequences of six individual
Staphylococcus epidermidis
clones, cultivated from blood taken from different preterm neonatal sepsis patients at the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Draft Genome Sequences of Five Legionella pneumophila Strains Isolated from Environmental Water Samples
Authors: Watanabe Kenta , Suzuki Haruo , Nakao Ryo , Shimizu Takashi , Watarai Masahisa 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Legionella pneumophila
is the causative agent of legionellosis. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of five
L. pneumophila
strains, Bnt314, Ofk308, Twr292, Ymg289, and Ymt294, isolated from environmental water samples. Comparative analyses of these genomes may reveal the survival mechanisms and virulence of
L. pneumophila
in the natural environment.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Thermophile Thermus filiformis ATCC 43280, Producer of Carotenoid-(Di)glucoside-Branched Fatty Acid (Di)esters and Source of Hyperthermostable Enzymes of Biotechnological Interest
Authors: Mandelli Fernanda , Oliveira Ramires Brenda , Couger Matthew Brian , Paixão Douglas A. A. , Camilo Cesar M. , Polikarpov Igor , Prade Rolf , Riaño-Pachón Diego M. , Squina Fabio M. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the draft genome sequence of
Thermus ﬁliformis
strain ATCC 43280, a thermophile bacterium capable of producing glycosylated carotenoids acylated with branched fatty acids and enzymes of biotechnological potential.
Genome Sequence of the Electrogenic Petroleum-Degrading
Thalassospira
sp. Strain HJ
Authors: Kiseleva Larisa , Garushyants Sofya K. , Briliute Justina , Simpson David J. W. , Cohen Michael F. , Goryanin Igor 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

We present the draft genome of the petroleum-degrading
Thalassospira
sp. strain HJ, isolated from tidal marine sediment. Knowledge of this genomic information will inform studies on electrogenesis and means to degrade environmental organic contaminants, including compounds found in petroleum.
Complete Genome Sequence of Parascardovia denticolens JCM 12538
T
, Isolated from Human Dental Caries
Authors: Oshima Kenshiro , Hayashi Jun-ichiro , Toh Hidehiro , Nakano Akiyo , Shindo Chie , Komiya Keiko , Morita Hidetoshi , Honda Kenya , Hattori Masahira 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Parascardovia denticolens
JCM 12538
T
was isolated from human dental caries. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of this organism. This paper is the first report demonstrating the completely sequenced and assembled genome of
P. denticolens
.