bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutational analysis of the rotavirus NSP4 enterotoxic domain that binds to caveolin-1
Authors: Ball Judith M , Schroeder Megan E , Williams Cecelia V , Schroeder Friedhelm , Parr Rebecca D 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Rotavirus (RV) nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) is the first described viral enterotoxin, which induces early secretory diarrhea in neonatal rodents. Our previous data show a direct interaction between RV NSP4 and the structural protein of caveolae, caveolin-1 (cav-1), in yeast and mammalian cells. The binding site of cav-1 mapped to the NSP4 amphipathic helix, and led us to examine which helical face was responsible for the interaction.

Methods
A panel of NSP4 mutants were prepared and tested for binding to cav-1 by yeast two hybrid and direct binding assays. The charged residues of the NSP4 amphipathic helix were changed to alanine (NSP446-175-ala6); and three residues in the hydrophobic face were altered to charged amino acids (NSP446-175-HydroMut). In total, twelve mutants of NSP4 were generated to define the cav-1 binding site. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the hydrophobic and charged faces of NSP4 were examined for structural changes by circular dichroism (CD) and diarrhea induction by a neonatal mouse study.

Results
Mutations of the hydrophilic face (NSP446-175-Ala6) bound cav-1 akin to wild type NSP4. In contrast, disruption of the hydrophobic face (NSP446-175-HydroMut) failed to bind cav-1. These data suggest NSP4 and cav-1 associate via a hydrophobic interaction. Analyses of mutant synthetic peptides in which the hydrophobic residues in the enterotoxic domain of NSP4 were altered suggested a critical hydrophobic residue. Both NSP4HydroMut112-140, that contains three charged amino acids (aa113, 124, 131) changed from the original hydrophobic residues and NSP4AlaAcidic112-140 that contained three alanine residues substituted for negatively charged (aa114, 125, 132) amino acids failed to induce diarrhea. Whereas peptides NSP4wild type 112
−140 and NSP4AlaBasic112-140 that contained three alanine substituted for positively charged (aa115, 119, 133) amino acids, induced diarrhea.

Conclusions
These data show that the cav-1 binding domain is within the hydrophobic face of the NSP4 amphipathic helix. The integrity of the helical structure is important for both cav-1 binding and diarrhea induction implying a connection between NSP4 functional and binding activities.
Defining traumatic brain injury in children and youth using International Classification of Diseases version 10 codes: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Chan Vincy , Thurairajah Pravheen , Colantonio Angela 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Although healthcare administrative data are commonly used for traumatic brain injury research, there is currently no consensus or consistency on using the International Classification of Diseases version 10 codes to define traumatic brain injury among children and youth. This protocol is for a systematic review of the literature to explore the range of International Classification of Diseases version 10 codes that are used to define traumatic brain injury in this population.

Methods/design
The databases MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews will be systematically searched. Grey literature will be searched using Grey Matters and Google. Reference lists of included articles will also be searched. Articles will be screened using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and all full-text articles that meet the predefined inclusion criteria will be included for analysis. The study selection process and reasons for exclusion at the full-text level will be presented using a PRISMA study flow diagram. Information on the data source of included studies, year and location of study, age of study population, range of incidence, and study purpose will be abstracted into a separate table and synthesized for analysis. All International Classification of Diseases version 10 codes will be listed in tables and the codes that are used to define concussion, acquired traumatic brain injury, head injury, or head trauma will be identified.

Discussion
The identification of the optimal International Classification of Diseases version 10 codes to define this population in administrative data is crucial, as it has implications for policy, resource allocation, planning of healthcare services, and prevention strategies. It also allows for comparisons across countries and studies. This protocol is for a review that identifies the range and most common diagnoses used to conduct surveillance for traumatic brain injury in children and youth. This is an important first step in reaching an appropriate definition using International Classification of Diseases version 10 codes and can inform future work on reaching consensus on the codes to define traumatic brain injury for this vulnerable population.
Suppression of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E prevents chemotherapy-induced alopecia
Authors: Nasr Zeina , Dow Lukas E , Paquet Marilene , Chu Jennifer , Ravindar Kontham , Somaiah Ragam , Deslongchamps Pierre , Porco Jr John A , Lowe Scott W , Pelletier Jerry 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
Chemotherapy-induced hair loss (alopecia) (CIA) is one of the most feared side effects of chemotherapy among cancer patients. There is currently no pharmacological approach to minimize CIA, although one strategy that has been proposed involves protecting normal cells from chemotherapy by transiently inducing cell cycle arrest. Proof-of-concept for this approach, known as cyclotherapy, has been demonstrated in cell culture settings.

Methods
The eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E is a cap binding protein that stimulates ribosome recruitment to mRNA templates during the initiation phase of translation. Suppression of eIF4E is known to induce cell cycle arrest. Using a novel inducible and reversible transgenic mouse model that enables RNAi-mediated suppression of eIF4E in vivo, we assessed the consequences of temporal eIF4E suppression on CIA.

Results
Our results demonstrate that transient inhibition of eIF4E protects against cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia at the organismal level. At the cellular level, this protection is associated with an accumulation of cells in G1, reduced apoptotic indices, and was phenocopied using small molecule inhibitors targeting the process of translation initiation.

Conclusions
Our data provide a rationale for exploring suppression of translation initiation as an approach to prevent or minimize cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia.
Interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 as a potential biomarker in localized scleroderma
Authors: Magee Kelsey E , Kelsey Christina E , Kurzinski Katherine L , Ho Jonhan , Mlakar Logan R , Feghali-Bostwick Carol A , Torok Kathryn S 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Introduction
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence and levels of interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10) in the plasma and skin of pediatric localized scleroderma (LS) patients compared to those of healthy pediatric controls and to determine if IP-10 levels correlate to clinical disease activity measures.

Methods
The presence of IP-10 in the plasma was analyzed using a Luminex panel in 69 pediatric patients with LS and compared to 71 healthy pediatric controls. Of these patients, five had available skin biopsy specimens with concurrent clinical and serological data during the active disease phase, which were used to analyze the presence and location of IP-10 in the skin by immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Results
IP-10 levels were significantly elevated in the plasma of LS patients compared to that of healthy controls and correlated to clinical disease activity measures in LS. Immunohistochemistry staining of IP-10 was present in the dermal infiltrate of LS patients and was similar to that found in psoriasis skin specimens, the positive disease control.

Conclusions
Elevation of IP-10 levels in the plasma compared to those of healthy controls and the presence of IP-10 staining in the affected skin of LS patients indicates that IP-10 is a potential biomarker in LS. Furthermore, significant elevation of IP-10 in LS patients with active versus inactive disease and correlations between IP-10 levels and standardized disease outcome measures of activity in LS strongly suggest that IP-10 may be a biomarker for disease activity in LS.
Follow-Up Care, Surveillance Protocol, and Secondary Prevention Measures for Survivors of Colorectal Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Endorsement
Authors: Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Mangu Pamela B. , Flynn Patrick J. , Korde Larissa , Loprinzi Charles L. , Minsky Bruce D. , Petrelli Nicholas J. , Ryan Kim , Schrag Deborah H. , Wong Sandra L. , Benson Al B. 
Published: November 2013

Purpose The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) has a policy and set of procedures for endorsing recent clinical practice guidelines that have been developed by other professional organizations. Methods The Cancer Care Ontario (CCO) Guideline on Follow-up Care, Surveillance Protocol, and Secondary Prevention Measures for Survivors of Colorectal Cancer was reviewed by ASCO for methodologic rigor and considered for endorsement. Results The ASCO Panel concurred with the CCO recommendations and recommended endorsement, with the addition of several qualifying statements. Conclusion Surveillance should be guided by presumed risk of recurrence and functional status of the patient (important within the first 2 to 4 years). Medical history, physical examination, and carcinoembryonic antigen testing should be performed every 3 to 6 months for 5 years. Patients at higher risk of recurrence should be considered for testing in the more frequent end of the range. A computed tomography scan (abdominal and chest) is recommended annually for 3 years, in most cases. Positron emission tomography scans should not be used for surveillance outside of a clinical trial. A surveillance colonoscopy should be performed 1 year after the initial surgery and then every 5 years, dictated by the findings of the previous one. If a colonoscopy was not preformed before diagnosis, it should be done after completion of adjuvant therapy (before 1 year). Secondary prevention (maintaining a healthy body weight and active lifestyle) is recommended. If a patient is not a candidate for surgery or systemic therapy because of severe comorbid conditions, surveillance tests should not be performed. A treatment plan from the specialist should have clear directions on appropriate follow-up by a nonspecialist.
How Judges Think: Judicial Reasoning in Tort Cases from a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Griss Irmgard 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAre judges la bouche de la loi or are they the oracles of the law? An answer to this question is sought by comparing the different styles of reasoning of French, German, Austrian and UK courts of last resort in tort cases. Whereas UK judges state overtly what they think, French judges keep secret their motives. German and Austrian judges tend to maintain that legal doctrine provides an answer to even the most difficult questions. But, as regards the outcome, there are no real differences. Judges are nowhere merely the mouth of the law.
Structure Health Monitoring in Natural Environments: Pre-failure Event Location and Full-waveform Characterization by Nanoseismic Monitoring
Authors: Wust-Bloch Gilles Hillel , Tsesarsky Michael 
Published: November 2013

Nanoseismic monitoring (NM) is a section of experimental seismology that focuses on the detection, location and characterization of extremely low-energy (0.0 ≥ ML ≥ −4.0) source processes recorded by portable sparse arrays ( Wust-Bloch and Joswig, 2006 ; Joswig, 2008 ; Wust-Bloch, 2010 ; Walter et al., 2012 ). The structural health monitoring technique presented here down-scales NM to suit engineering applications in shallow geomaterials, whereby pre-failure microcracking is monitored within the 1–200 Hz band and fully characterized at unusually short slant distances (102–10−1 m). Here, NM techniques are validated in lab by monitoring incipient microcracking generated by unreinforced concrete beams and limestone plates undergoing four-point bending tests. These ground truth (GT) tests show that progressive loading triggers a wide range of impulsive signals whose frequency and rate patterns evolve until complete material failure occurs. Following this, NM techniques are applied to monitor microcracking generated by unstable archeological caverns that were excavated in natural chalk. Although signals can be detected in unfavorable signal-to-noise ratio conditions by a single array at slant-distances beyond 102 m, reliable locations can only be obtained when several mini-arrays are deployed in the vicinity of caverns suspected to be unstable. Epicentral locations of microcracking events tend to cluster near free boundaries and in zones of high tensile stress, as predicted by numerical models computed for these caverns. These results confirm the operative capacities of low-cost NM techniques in locating and analyzing pre-failure microcracking processes occurring within weak natural media. Complex source processes, which occur at distances that exceed the detection range of standard acoustic emission and ultrasonic monitoring, can be fully evaluated using portable equipment that can be deployed within minutes with no prior infrastructure.
Meaning processes mediated through a protagonists’ collaborative learning platform
Authors: Arancibia-Herrera Marcelo , Oliva-Figueroa Iván , Paiva-Cornejo Francisco 
Published: November 2013

The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the classroom requires the creation of contextualized proposals which foster in students collaboration and the use of resources to hand. This paper shows the results obtained in the analysis of the signification process which teachers and students have built through their participation in a project implementing collaborative didactic designs using ICT, in particular social networking. Focus groups were formed with 102 students and interviews with 21 teachers took place in two stages (pre- and post-), and they participated in 21 learning experiences developed at 12 schools in southern Chile. Main results reveal a positive assessment of the experience related to the motivational effects of the use of ICT and social networking among students; a considerable change in the didactic interaction inside the classroom; an interest in the possibility of collaborating with students from different contexts and from different regions; a lack of knowledge of the Web 2.0 resources available on the part of teachers, and some negative considerations on the inappropriate use of the Internet. In conclusion, the meaning-creation process of the protagonists enabled this study to gain relevant qualitative information related to didactic, technological and logistic factors in the development of learning experiences through a virtual learning platform.
El uso de tecnologías de la comunicación (TIC) en el aula escolar requiere la creación de propuestas contextualizadas que fomenten la colaboración y el uso de recursos cercanos a los estudiantes. El presente artículo muestra los resultados asociados a los procesos de significación, que profesores y estudiantes construyeron desde su participación en un proyecto en el que se implementaron diseños didácticos colaborativos con uso de TIC, en particular de redes sociales. Se efectuaron grupos focales con 102 estudiantes y entrevistas en profundidad a 21 profesores, en dos momentos (pre y post), quienes participaron de 21 experiencias didácticas ejecutadas en 12 colegios en el sur austral de Chile. Los principales resultados revelan que existe una alta valoración de la experiencia vinculada principalmente a los efectos motivadores que provocan las tecnologías y redes sociales en los estudiantes, el cambio en la interacción didáctica al interior de las aulas, el interés ante la posibilidad de colaborar con estudiantes de otros contextos escolares geográficamente distantes, el desconocimiento, por parte de profesores, de los recursos de la Web 2.0 y aprensiones ante el uso indebido de los recursos que provee Internet. En conclusión, la investigación permitió levantar desde los procesos de significación de sus protagonistas, información cualitativa relevante en torno a las implicancias didácticas, tecnológicas y logísticas de la ejecución de experiencias de aprendizaje colaborativo mediadas por una plataforma virtual de aprendizaje.
Primary School second grade teachers’ and students’ opinions on media literacy
Authors: Sur Emine , Ünal Emre , Iseries Kamil 
Published: November 2013

In this study, interviews were conducted with teachers of media literacy to determine the needs of media literacy teaching in the classroom. As a result, we see that teachers need in-service training for classes in media literacy; the media literacy lesson is adequate in terms of content but inadequate as an activity. Students indicated significant changes in their perceptions of media after taking these lessons. A «Media Literacy Level Scale» and a «Media Literacy Attitude were applied to determine students’ level and attitude. The information on students was obtained through the «Private Information Form». As a result, a positive, low-level and significant relationship was found between the students’ attitude levels on media literacy lessons and their media literacy levels. The study’s conclusion is that there is no significant difference between the media literacy classes taken by the primary school second grade students and their attitudes and levels on media literacy. Also, no significant difference was found between the educational levels of the parents of these second graders and their attitudes and levels on media literacy. However, there was a significant difference between the students’ daily newspaper reading habits and the frequency of listening to the radio and their attitudes on media literacy classes and media literacy levels.
El objetivo de este trabajo es definir la situación y necesidades actuales de alfabetización mediática en el aula, a través de una serie de entrevistas. Los resultados demuestran que los docentes necesitan formación en esta área, que la enseñanza en alfabetización mediática es adecuada en términos de contenido pero inadecuada como actividad. Los estudiantes muestran cambios significativos en sus propias percepciones sobre los medios tras recibir clases de alfabetización mediática. Para evaluar el nivel y la actitud de los estudiantes se aplicaron una escala de alfabetización mediática y una escala de actitud. La información se obtuvo a través de un formulario de información privado desarrollado por los investigadores. En las conclusiones se halló una relación significativa, positiva y de bajo nivel entre los grados de actitud hacia los contenidos de la alfabetización mediática. La principal conclusión obtenida es que no existe una diferencia significativa entre los estudiantes que asisten a clases de alfabetización mediática en segundo grado de educación primaria y sus actitudes en el aula y su nivel de alfabetización. Asimismo, tampoco se aprecia una diferencia significativa entre el nivel educativo de los padres y sus actitudes. Sin embargo, sí se aprecian diferencias notables cuando existe hábito de lectura diaria de la prensa y la radio.
College students’ views about journalism education in Spain
Authors: Humanes-Humanes María-Luisa , Roses-Campos Sergio 
Published: November 2013

The paper presents the results of a survey of 1,552 journalism students from five public universities in Spain during academic year 2011-12. The research addresses two objectives: how students evaluate journalism as a degree subject and whether they believe they need this qualification to be a journalist. The results indicate that most students believe the journalism courses are adequate, but almost 25% consider them unnecessary. Students acknowledge the quality of the training received at the specialist faculties but the percentage in Spain is lower than in other countries in the study. A multiple linear regression was used to discover the variables that explain this evaluation. The most influential variable is the course enrolled on, followed by the functions the respondents assign to the faculty. The paper has used data from the largest sample on this subject taken so far, which also includes all courses and data on graduates completing their first university course in journalism as part of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). This study can be a valuable starting point for further research to inform decision-making on the subject. This research is part of the «Journalism Students Project» with participants from seven countries: Australia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Spain, Switzerland and the United States.
El artículo presenta los resultados de una encuesta realizada a una muestra de 1.552 estudiantes de Periodismo de cinco universidades públicas durante el curso 2011-12. La investigación aborda dos objetivos: conocer la valoración de los estudiantes respecto a la titulación y averiguar si consideran necesarios los estudios de Periodismo para ejercer la profesión. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes creen apropiados los estudios de Periodismo, pero casi una cuarta parte los considera innecesarios. Los estudiantes valoran la calidad de la formación recibida en las facultades con un aprobado, por debajo de la opinión de la mayoría de los estudiantes de los otros países del estudio. Se ha realizado una regresión lineal múltiple para encontrar qué variables explican dicha valoración; la más influyente es el curso matriculado, seguida de las funciones que los encuestados otorgan a las facultades. El trabajo presenta la virtud de haber contado con datos a partir de la mayor muestra utilizada hasta el momento, que además incluye todos los cursos y datos para las primeras promociones de alumnos de Grado según el Espacio Europeo de En señanza Superior (EEES). Puede ser un punto de partida valioso para posteriores estudios que permitan tomar decisiones a los responsables académicos. El estudio forma parte del «Journalism Students Proyect» con estudiantes de Periodismo de Australia, Brasil, Chile, México, España, Suiza y Estados Unidos.
La question du rêve comme point de rupture entre l'École de Zurich et Sigmund Freud
Authors: Serina Florent 
Published: November 2013

Suivant un commentaire du premier article, « L’analyse des rêves » (1909), que C.G. Jung consacre à l’interprétation des rêves, l’auteur montre que la période qui précède et accompagne la rupture entre Zurich et Vienne est marquée par un débat animé sur la fonction dite « prospective » du rêve que soutient Alphonse Maeder.
Rêve et Neurosciences
Authors: Joulain Patrick 
Published: November 2013

L’auteur propose un parcours dans le domaine des modèles neuroscientifiques du rêve, en présentant leur évolution dans le temps et leur lien avec la théorie psychanalytique. Le rêve est entré dans le champ des neurosciences, dans les années 60, avec la découverte, par Michel Jouvet, du sommeil paradoxal, qui a paru, un temps, être le siège exclusif de cette activité mentale hypnique. Puis différents modèles neurobiologiques, présentés par Elizabeth Hennevin, furent élaborés au fil du temps, en particulier ceux d’Allan Hobson et de Mark Solms, qui ont intégré, en définitive, le fait avéré qu’un rêve peut apparaître à tous les stades du sommeil. Une autre théorie, conçue par Jean-Pol Tassin, liant le rêve au réveil et non plus au sommeil, s’est vue pertinemment contredite par nombre de travaux, exposés récemment par Fabian Guénolé et Alain Nicolas. Des psychanalystes apportent également leur point de vue, André Green, Bianca Lechevalier, Bernard Golse. Beaucoup d’entre eux estiment, avec nombre de neuroscientifiques, qu’un dialogue paraît enfin possible, et souhaitable, entre neurosciences et psychanalyse, pour passer du conflit idéologique au débat épistémologique.