bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain in the Christian Life
Authors: Mahoney John 
Published: July 2024

Christians are accused of discounting human suffering. Catholics are charged with increasing people’s sufferings in order to keep the rules of the Church, sometimes with regarding suffering as a just punishment, and even with considering it as something good and desirable in itself. In addition, your profession and mine are closely and continually connected with suffering in a variety of forms, and while on occasion we may be forgiven for seeing life in terms of little else, the possibility of this one-sided view at least prevents us from evading the fact that there is a great deal of suffering in ordinary life and that as both Christians and professionals we are compelled to think seriously of it.Suppose we begin with this idea of suffering as a punishment, or a judgment, or a visitation of divine wrath. It is not uncommon to meet people who regard their sufferings as a judgment, and who gloomily go further and say that not only is God punishing them, but he is quite right to do so.
Intensive Radiosonde Observations of Environmental Conditions on the Development of a Mesoscale Convective System in the Baiu Frontal Zone
Authors: Manda A. , Tachibana Y. , Nakamura H. , Takikawa T. , Nishina A. , Moteki Q. , Zhao N. , Iizuka S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMesoscale convective systems (MCSs) that occur in the Baiu frontal zone (BFZ) can cause devastating flash floods during early summer in Japan; however, the environmental conditions necessary for their development require further investigation. High‐frequency atmospheric soundings, conducted using multiple marine vessels in the East China Sea on 19 June 2022, captured the detailed environmental conditions pertaining to the development of an MCS within the BFZ. The MCS, which developed rapidly without any remarkable preceding synoptic or mesoscale disturbance in the mid‐ or upper troposphere, caused intense precipitation exceeding 80 mm/hr. The MCS persisted for approximately 6 hr, and it intensified when the influx of nearly saturated air near the sea surface toward a weak surface front overlapped with the influx of free‐tropospheric moist air. The influx of nearly saturated air near the sea surface ensured conditional instability within the lower troposphere. The influx of moist air in the free troposphere contributed to the near‐saturation conditions above the boundary layer, a feature inherent to the BFZ, and played an important role in minimizing the reduction in the buoyancy of air parcels. The results of this study indicate that a better forecast of the horizontal distribution of free tropospheric moist air is beneficial for limiting the potential area of genesis of MCS in the BFZ, and a more comprehensive understanding of the vertical variations in moisture transport contributes to an improved forecast skill for MCS in the BFZ.
Improved Estimates of Sub‐Regional Groundwater Storage Anomaly Using Coordinated Forward Modeling
Authors: Ma Yalin , Pan Yun , Zhang Chong , Yeh Pat J.‐F. , Xu Li , Huang Zhiyong , Gong Huili 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGroundwater storage anomaly (GWSA) can be estimated either at the large scale from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) or at the local scale based on in situ observed groundwater level (GWL) and aquifer storage parameters. Yet, the accuracy of GRACE‐based estimate is affected by leakage errors, while that of local GWL‐based estimate requires the reliable specific yield (Sy) data that are usually not available. Here, we developed a novel approach, the coordinated forward modeling (CoFM), based on the iterative forward modeling to improve GWSA estimation at the sub‐regional scale smaller than the typical GRACE footprint. It is achieved by solving Sy through iterative comparisons between GRACE‐based and observation‐based GWSA at 0.5° grid scale, and then re‐calculating GWSA using the updated Sy and observed GWL. The utility of CoFM is explored by using the hypothetical experiments and a real case study in the Piedmont Plain (PP, ∼54,000 km2) and East‐central Plain (ECP, ∼86,000 km2) of North China Plain. Results show that CoFM can detect GWSA at 0.5° grid scale in the hypothetical experiments given the large spatial variability of GWL. While in the real case study, the CoFM distinguishes between the divergent unconfined GWSA trends (2005–2016) in PP (−41.80 ± 0.55 mm/yr) and ECP (−7.57 ± 0.60 mm/yr) caused by the differences in hydrogeological conditions and groundwater use. The improvement made by CoFM can be attributed to the use of the distributed GWL information to constrain GRACE leakage errors. This study highlights a practical important solution for improving sub‐regional GWSA estimation through the joint use of large‐scale GRACE data and local‐scale well observations.
Exploring the Mechanisms of the Soil Moisture‐Air Temperature Hypersensitive Coupling Regime
Authors: Hsu Hsin , Dirmeyer Paul A. , Seo Eunkyo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHigh temperature extremes accompanied by drought have led to serious ramifications for environmental and socio‐economic systems. Thus, improving the predictability of heat‐wave events is a high priority. One key to achieving this is to better understand land‐atmosphere interactions. Recent studies have documented a hypersensitive regime in the soil moisture‐temperature relationship: when soil dries below a critical low threshold, called the soil moisture breakpoint, air temperatures increase at a greater rate as soil moisture declines. Whether such a hypersensitive regime is rooted in land surface processes and whether this soil moisture breakpoint corresponds to a known plant critical value, the permanent wilting point (WP), below which latent heat flux almost ceases, remains unclear. In this study, we explore the mechanisms linking low soil moisture to high air temperatures. From in situ observations, we confirm that the hypersensitive regime acts throughout the chain of energy processes from land to atmosphere. A simple energy‐balance model indicates that the hypersensitive regime occurs when there is a dramatic drop in evaporative cooling, which happens when soil moisture dries toward the permanent WP, suggesting that the soil moisture breakpoint is slightly above the permanent WP. Precisely how a model represents the relationship between evapotranspiration and soil moisture is found to be essential to describe the occurrence of the hypersensitive regime. Thus, we advocate that weather and climate models should ensure a realistic representation of land‐atmosphere interactions to obtain reliable forecasts of extremes and climate projections, aiding the assessment of heatwave vulnerability and adaptation.
Open Access GNSS Data for Studies of the Lithosphere
Authors: Stamps D. Sarah , Kreemer Corné 
Published: July 2024

AbstractVarious types of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data are used for a wide range of applications. When modeled correctly, millimeter precision daily GNSS position time‐series yield velocities and other derived products that can be used for investigations of lithospheric processes and properties. In this review paper, we describe the specific types of GNSS data and data products that are valuable for studies of the lithosphere, such as coseismic offsets, post‐seismic decay in time‐series, seasonal signals, secular velocities, and strain rates, and how those data are derived. We also discuss the applications of several types of GNSS data and data products. We provide open access resources for precision GNSS daily position time‐series, quality secular velocity solutions, and daily GNSS RINEX files for researchers interested in processing their own data.
Cryo-EM unveils kinesin KIF1A’s processivity mechanism and the impact of its pathogenic variant P305L
Authors: Benoit Matthieu P. M. H. , Rao Lu , Asenjo Ana B. , Gennerich Arne , Sosa Hernando 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMutations in the microtubule-associated motor protein KIF1A lead to severe neurological conditions known as KIF1A-associated neurological disorders (KAND). Despite insights into its molecular mechanism, high-resolution structures of KIF1A-microtubule complexes remain undefined. Here, we present 2.7-3.5 Å resolution structures of dimeric microtubule-bound KIF1A, including the pathogenic P305L mutant, across various nucleotide states. Our structures reveal that KIF1A binds microtubules in one- and two-heads-bound configurations, with both heads exhibiting distinct conformations with tight inter-head connection. Notably, KIF1A’s class-specific loop 12 (K-loop) forms electrostatic interactions with the C-terminal tails of both α- and β-tubulin. The P305L mutation does not disrupt these interactions but alters loop-12’s conformation, impairing strong microtubule-binding. Structure-function analysis reveals the K-loop and head-head coordination as major determinants of KIF1A’s superprocessive motility. Our findings advance the understanding of KIF1A’s molecular mechanism and provide a basis for developing structure-guided therapeutics against KAND.
Structure and function of the SIT1 proline transporter in complex with the COVID-19 receptor ACE2
Authors: Li Huanyu Z. , Pike Ashley C. W. , Lotsaris Irina , Chi Gamma , Hansen Jesper S. , Lee Sarah C. , Rödström Karin E. J. , Bushell Simon R. , Speedman David , Evans Adam , Wang Dong , He Didi , Shrestha Leela , Nasrallah Chady , Burgess-Brown Nicola A. , Vandenberg Robert J. , Dafforn Timothy R. , Carpenter Elisabeth P. , Sauer David B. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractProline is widely known as the only proteogenic amino acid with a secondary amine. In addition to its crucial role in protein structure, the secondary amino acid modulates neurotransmission and regulates the kinetics of signaling proteins. To understand the structural basis of proline import, we solved the structure of the proline transporter SIT1 in complex with the COVID-19 viral receptor ACE2 by cryo-electron microscopy. The structure of pipecolate-bound SIT1 reveals the specific sequence requirements for proline transport in the SLC6 family and how this protein excludes amino acids with extended side chains. By comparing apo and substrate-bound SIT1 states, we also identify the structural changes that link substrate release and opening of the cytoplasmic gate and provide an explanation for how a missense mutation in the transporter causes iminoglycinuria.
HIV-1 subtype A1, D, and recombinant proviral genome landscapes during long-term suppressive therapy
Authors: Lee Guinevere Q. , Khadka Pragya , Gowanlock Sarah N. , Copertino Dennis C. , Duncan Maggie C. , Omondi F. Harrison , Kinloch Natalie N. , Kasule Jingo , Kityamuweesi Taddeo , Buule Paul , Jamiru Samiri , Tomusange Stephen , Anok Aggrey , Chen Zhengming , Jones R. Brad , Galiwango Ronald M. , Reynolds Steven J. , Quinn Thomas C. , Brumme Zabrina L. , Redd Andrew D. , Prodger Jessica L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe primary obstacle to curing HIV-1 is a reservoir of CD4+ cells that contain stably integrated provirus. Previous studies characterizing the proviral landscape, which have been predominantly conducted in males in the United States and Europe living with HIV-1 subtype B, have revealed that most proviruses that persist during antiretroviral therapy (ART) are defective. In contrast, less is known about proviral landscapes in females with non-B subtypes, which represents the largest group of individuals living with HIV-1. Here, we analyze genomic DNA from resting CD4+ T-cells from 16 female and seven male Ugandans with HIV-1 receiving suppressive ART (n = 23). We perform near-full-length proviral sequencing at limiting dilution to examine the proviral genetic landscape, yielding 607 HIV-1 subtype A1, D, and recombinant proviral sequences (mean 26/person). We observe that intact genomes are relatively rare and clonal expansion occurs in both intact and defective genomes. Our modification of the primers and probes of the Intact Proviral DNA Assay (IPDA), developed for subtype B, rescues intact provirus detection in Ugandan samples for which the original IPDA fails. This work will facilitate research on HIV-1 persistence and cure strategies in Africa, where the burden of HIV-1 is heaviest.
Structural evolution during inverse vulcanization
Authors: Zheng Botuo , Zhong Liling , Wang Xiaoxiao , Lin Peiyao , Yang Zezhou , Bai Tianwen , Shen Hang , Zhang Huagui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInverse vulcanization exploits S8 to synthesize polysulfides. However, evolution of products and its mechanism during inverse vulcanization remains elusive. Herein, inverse vulcanization curves are obtained to describe the inverse vulcanization process in terms of three stages: induction, curing and over-cure. The typical curves exhibit a moduli increment before declining or plateauing, reflecting the process of polysulfide network formation and loosing depending on monomers. For aromatic alkenes, in the over-cure, the crosslinked polysulfide evolves significantly into a sparse network with accelerated relaxation, due to the degradation of alkenyl moieties into thiocarbonyls. The inverse vulcanization product of olefins degrades slowly with fluctuated relaxation time and modulus because of the generation of thiophene moieties, while the inverse vulcanization curve of dicyclopentadiene has a plateau following curing stage. Confirmed by calculations, the mechanisms reveal the alkenyl groups react spontaneously into thiocarbonyls or thiophenes via similar sulfur-substituted alkenyl intermediates but with different energy barriers.
Improving laboratory animal genetic reporting: LAG-R guidelines
Authors: Teboul Lydia , Amos-Landgraf James , Benavides Fernando J. , Birling Marie-Christine , Brown Steve D. M. , Bryda Elizabeth , Bunton-Stasyshyn Rosie , Chin Hsian-Jean , Crispo Martina , Delerue Fabien , Dobbie Michael , Franklin Craig L. , Fuchtbauer Ernst-Martin , Gao Xiang , Golzio Christelle , Haffner Rebecca , Hérault Yann , Hrabe de Angelis Martin , Lloyd Kevin C. Kent , Magnuson Terry R. , Montoliu Lluis , Murray Stephen A. , Nam Ki-Hoan , Nutter Lauryl M. J. , Pailhoux Eric , Pardo Manuel de Villena Fernando , Peterson Kevin , Reinholdt Laura , Sedlacek Radislav , Seong Je Kyung , Shiroishi Toshihiko , Smith Cynthia , Takeo Toru , Tinsley Louise , Vilotte Jean-Luc , Warming Søren , Wells Sara , Whitelaw C. Bruce , Yoshiki Atsushi ,   Asian Mouse Mutagenesis Resource Association, Yoshiki Atsushi , Wang Chi-Kuang ,   CELPHEDIA infrastructure, Marvel Jacqueline , Zarubica Ana ,   INFRAFRONTIER consortium, Wells Sara ,   International Mammalian Genome Society,   International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium, Heaney Jason , Wells Sara ,   International Society for Transgenic Technologies,   Mutant Mouse Resource and Research Centers, Korf Ian F. , Lutz Cathleen ,   Phenomics Australia, Kueh Andrew J. , Thomas Paul Q. , Arkell Ruth M. , Mann Graham J. ,   RRRC- Rat Resource and Research Center, Pavlovic Guillaume 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe biomedical research community addresses reproducibility challenges in animal studies through standardized nomenclature, improved experimental design, transparent reporting, data sharing, and centralized repositories. The ARRIVE guidelines outline documentation standards for laboratory animals in experiments, but genetic information is often incomplete. To remedy this, we propose the Laboratory Animal Genetic Reporting (LAG-R) framework. LAG-R aims to document animals’ genetic makeup in scientific publications, providing essential details for replication and appropriate model use. While verifying complete genetic compositions may be impractical, better reporting and validation efforts enhance reliability of research. LAG-R standardization will bolster reproducibility, peer review, and overall scientific rigor.
Chiral multiferroicity in two-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites
Authors: Zheng Haining , Ghosh Arup , Swamynadhan M. J. , Zhang Qihan , Wong Walter P. D. , Wu Zhenyue , Zhang Rongrong , Chen Jingsheng , Cimpoesu Fanica , Ghosh Saurabh , Campbell Branton J. , Wang Kai , Stroppa Alessandro , Mahendiran Ramanathan , Loh Kian Ping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractChiral multiferroics offer remarkable capabilities for controlling quantum devices at multiple levels. However, these materials are rare due to the competing requirements of long-range orders and strict symmetry constraints. In this study, we present experimental evidence that the coexistence of ferroelectric, magnetic orders, and crystallographic chirality is achievable in hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [(R/S)-β-methylphenethylamine]2CuCl4. By employing Landau symmetry mode analysis, we investigate the interplay between chirality and ferroic orders and propose a novel mechanism for chirality transfer in hybrid systems. This mechanism involves the coupling of non-chiral distortions, characterized by defining a pseudo-scalar quantity, $$\xi={{{{{\bf{p}}}}}}{{\cdot }}{{{{{\bf{r}}}}}}$$
ξ
=
p
⋅
r
($${{{{{\bf{p}}}}}}$$
p
represents the ferroelectric displacement vector and $${{{{{\bf{r}}}}}}$$
r
denotes the ferro-rotational vector), which distinguishes between (R)- and (S)-chirality based on its sign. Moreover, the reversal of this descriptor’s sign can be associated with coordinated transitions in ferroelectric distortions, Jahn-Teller antiferro-distortions, and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya vectors, indicating the mediating role of crystallographic chirality in magnetoelectric correlations.
Cyprocide selectively kills nematodes via cytochrome P450 bioactivation
Authors: Knox Jessica , Burns Andrew R. , Cooke Brittany , Cammalleri Savina R. , Kitner Megan , Ching Justin , Castelli Jack M. P. , Puumala Emily , Snider Jamie , Koury Emily , Collins J. B. , Geissah Salma , Dowling James J. , Andersen Erik C. , Stagljar Igor , Cowen Leah E. , Lautens Mark , Zasada Inga , Roy Peter J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLeft unchecked, plant-parasitic nematodes have the potential to devastate crops globally. Highly effective but non-selective nematicides are justifiably being phased-out, leaving farmers with limited options for managing nematode infestation. Here, we report our discovery of a 1,3,4-oxadiazole thioether scaffold called Cyprocide that selectively kills nematodes including diverse species of plant-parasitic nematodes. Cyprocide is bioactivated into a lethal reactive electrophilic metabolite by specific nematode cytochrome P450 enzymes. Cyprocide fails to kill organisms beyond nematodes, suggesting that the targeted lethality of this pro-nematicide derives from P450 substrate selectivity. Our findings demonstrate that Cyprocide is a selective nematicidal scaffold with broad-spectrum activity that holds the potential to help safeguard our global food supply.
Sirenian genomes illuminate the evolution of fully aquatic species within the mammalian superorder afrotheria
Authors: Tian Ran , Zhang Yaolei , Kang Hui , Zhang Fan , Jin Zhihong , Wang Jiahao , Zhang Peijun , Zhou Xuming , Lanyon Janet M. , Sneath Helen L. , Woolford Lucy , Fan Guangyi , Li Songhai , Seim Inge 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSirenians of the superorder Afrotheria were the first mammals to transition from land to water and are the only herbivorous marine mammals. Here, we generated a chromosome-level dugong (Dugong dugon) genome. A comparison of our assembly with other afrotherian genomes reveals possible molecular adaptations to aquatic life by sirenians, including a shift in daily activity patterns (circadian clock) and tolerance to a high-iodine plant diet mediated through changes in the iodide transporter NIS (SLC5A5) and its co-transporters. Functional in vitro assays confirm that sirenian amino acid substitutions alter the properties of the circadian clock protein PER2 and NIS. Sirenians show evidence of convergent regression of integumentary system (skin and its appendages) genes with cetaceans. Our analysis also uncovers gene losses that may be maladaptive in a modern environment, including a candidate gene (KCNK18) for sirenian cold stress syndrome likely lost during their evolutionary shift in daily activity patterns. Genomes from nine Australian locations and the functionally extinct Okinawan population confirm and date a genetic break ~10.7 thousand years ago on the Australian east coast and provide evidence of an associated ecotype, and highlight the need for whole-genome resequencing data from dugong populations worldwide for conservation and genetic management.
Strain-graded quantum dots with spectrally pure, stable and polarized emission
Authors: Jung Dongju , Park Jeong Woo , Min Sejong , Lee Hak June , Park Jin Su , Kim Gui-Min , Shin Doyoon , Im Seongbin , Lim Jaemin , Kim Ka Hyung , Chae Jong Ah , Lee Doh C. , Pugin Raphaël , Bulliard Xavier , Hwang Euyheon , Park Ji-Sang , Park Young-Shin , Bae Wan Ki 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStructural deformation modifies the bandgap, exciton fine structure and phonon energy of semiconductors, providing an additional knob to control their optical properties. The impact can be exploited in colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), wherein structural stresses can be imposed in three dimensions while defect formation is suppressed by controlling surface growth kinetics. Yet, the control over the structural deformation of QDs free from optically active defects has not been reached. Here, we demonstrate strain-graded CdSe-ZnSe core-shell QDs with compositionally abrupt interface by the coherent pseudomorphic heteroepitaxy. Resulting QDs tolerate mutual elastic deformation of varying magnitudes at the interface with high structural fidelity, allowing for spectrally stable and pure emission of photons at accelerated rates with near unity luminescence efficiency. We capitalize on the asymmetric strain effect together with the quantum confinement effect to expand emission envelope of QDs spanning the entire visible region and exemplify their use in photonic applications.
Development and characterization of amino donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts
Authors: Reyes Cesar A. , Lee Hye Joon , Karanovic Connie , Picazo Elias 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDonor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASAs) are molecular photoswitches spurring wide interest because of their dynamic photophysical properties, complex photoswitching mechanism, and diverse applications. Despite breakthroughs in modularity for the donor, acceptor, and triene compartments, the backbone heteroatom remains static due to synthetic challenges. We provide a predictive tool and sought-after strategy to vary the heteroatom, introduce amino DASA photoswitches, and analyze backbone heteroatom effects on photophysical properties. Amino DASA synthesis is enabled by aza-Piancatelli rearrangements on pyrrole substrates, imparting an aromaticity-breaking rearrangement that capitalizes on nitrogen’s additional bonding orbital and the inductive properties of sulfonyl groups. Amino DASA structure is confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction, the photochromic properties are characterized, and the photoswitch isomerization is investigated. Overall, the discovered pyrrole rearrangement enables the study of the DASA backbone heteroatom compartment and furthers our insight into the structure-property relationship of this complex photoswitch.