bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arterial hypoperfusion as a negative predictive marker for primary hepatic malignancies treated with Y-90 glass microsphere transarterial radioembolization
Authors: Kalaghchi Bita , Ince Semra , Barnes Justin , Kiser Kendall , Chin Re-I , Mikell Justin , Badiyan Shahed , Garcia Jose , Zoberi Jacqueline , Doyle Maria Bernadette Majella , Tan Benjamin , Kim Seung , Fraum Tyler , Kim Hyun 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundRadioembolization with yttrium-90 (Y-90) is utilized to treat primary liver malignancies. The efficacy of this intra-arterial therapy in arterially hypoperfused tumors is not known.MethodsWe reviewed data of patients with primary liver tumors treated with Y-90 prescription doses of at least 150 Gy. Baseline patient characteristics, treatment history, imaging-based tumor response assessments, and clinical outcome metrics were recorded. Tumors were classified as arterially hyperperfused versus hypoperfused on post-TARE Y-90 SPECT/CTs or pre-TARE hepatic perfusion SPECT/CTs. Perfusion status was correlated with tumor response assessments and clinical outcomes. Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to compare survival and progression-free survival. Inverse probability weighting was utilized to account for clinical factors and adjusted multivariable proportional hazards analyses to examine the relationship of quantitative perfusion and cancer outcomes.ResultsOf 400 Y-90 treatments, 88 patients received a prescribed dose of at least 150 Gy and had pre- or post-treatment SPECT/CT images. 11 and 77 patients had arterially hypoperfused and hyperperfused lesions, respectively. On dedicated liver MRI or CT at 3 months after Y-90, the complete response rates were 5.6% and 16.5% in the hypoperfused and hyperperfused cohort, respectively (P = 0.60). When controlling for various clinical features, including tumor histology, patients with arterially hypoperfused tumors had significantly shorter progression-free survival (HR 1.87, 95% CI - 1.03 - 3.37, P = 0.039) and greater elsewhere liver (HR 3.36, 95% CI = 1.23 - 9.20, P = 0.019) and distant failure (HR 7.64 (2.71 - 21.54, P &lt; 0.001). In inverse probability weighted analysis, patients with arterially hypoperfused tumors had worse overall survival (P = 0.032). In the quantitative analysis, lower levels of lesion perfusion were also associated with worse clinical outcomes, again controlling for tumor histology.ConclusionCompared to arterially hyperperfused tumors, hypoperfused primary liver tumors treated with Y-90 may have worse clinical outcomes.
The forensic aspects of suicide and neurotrophin factors: a research study
Authors: De Simone Stefania , Alfieri Letizia , Bosco Maria Antonella , Cantatore Santina , Carpinteri Michele , Cipolloni Luigi , Neri Margherita 
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Suicide represents a significant public health problem whose neurobiology is not yet fully understood. In many cases, suicidal behavior and psychiatric spectrum disorders are linked, in particular, to major depression. An emerging pathophysiological hypothesis underlines the role of neurotrophic factors, proteins involved in neurogenesis, in synaptic plasticity in response to stressors. Our research aims to evaluate the degree of expression of brain neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in brain areas involved in depressive disorder in suicidal subjects. Furthermore, we want to evaluate the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in suicidal subjects.Methods: We selected twenty confirmed cases of suicide among subjects with a clinical history of depressive pathology and possible psychopharmacological treatment, compared to ten controls of individuals who died of non-suicidal causes. For all selected cases and controls, immunohistochemical investigations were performed using a panel of antibodies against the BDNF and GDNF antigens on samples from the various brain areas.Results and discussion: The results show that BDNF was under-expressed in the cerebral parenchyma of subjects who died by suicide compared to controls, while there was an overexpression of GDNF in suicide victims, these data could be useful for a clinical application as potential markers for suicidal risk, to assess the severity of depression and development of specific pharmacological therapies for depression.
Joint metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis identify unique phenolic acid and flavonoid compounds associated with resistance to fusarium wilt in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Yang Kankan , Zhou Geng , Chen Chen , Liu Xiaohong , Wei Lin , Zhu Feiying , Liang Zhihuai , Chen Huiming 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionFusarium wilt (FW) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc) is a destructive soil-borne disease in cucumber (Cucumis sativus. L). However, there remains limited knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying FW resistance-mediated defense responses in cucumber.MethodsIn this study, metabolome and transcriptome profiling were carried out for two FW resistant (NR) and susceptible (NS), near isogenic lines (NILs) before and after Foc inoculation. NILs have shown consistent and stable resistance in multiple resistance tests conducted in the greenhouse and in the laboratory. A widely targeted metabolomic analysis identified differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) with significantly greater NR accumulation in response to Foc infection, including many phenolic acid and flavonoid compounds from the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway.ResultsTranscriptome analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the NILs upon Foc inoculation including genes for secondary metabolite biosynthesis and transcription factor genes regulating the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Joint analysis of the metabolomic and transcriptomic data identified DAMs and DEGs closely associated with the biosynthesis of phenolic acid and flavonoid DAMs. The association of these compounds with NR-conferred FW resistance was exemplified by in vivo assays. These assays found two phenolic acid compounds, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and diisooctyl phthalate, as well as the flavonoid compound gallocatechin 3-O-gallate to have significant inhibitory effects on Foc growth. The antifungal effects of these three compounds represent a novel finding.DiscussionTherefore, phenolic acids and flavonoids play important roles in NR mediated FW resistance breeding in cucumber.
Classroom intervention to improve behavioral intention toward regular physical activity among adolescents
Authors: Jha Sweety Suman , Dobe Madhumita , Taklikar Chandrashekhar , Lahiri Arista 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundDuring adolescence, a critical phase in human life, the groundwork for a healthful future is established. Physical inactivity poses a significant risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and related mortality worldwide. To assess adolescents’ behavioral intentions regarding regular physical activity, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) examines ‘Attitude,’ ‘Subjective norm,’ and ‘Perceived behavioral control.’ Utilizing TPB, this study focuses on evaluating the impact of a school-based health promotion intervention on behavioral intentions toward physical activity among urban adolescents in West Bengal, India.MethodsA school-based nonrandomized controlled interventional study with parallel group design was conducted among adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years. Behavioral intention towards performing regular physical activity was determined with the measurements of the constructs from the TPB. Cluster analysis was conducted using measurements from both the intervention and control groups. Participants with higher mean scores in the constructs were classified as intenders, while the rest were considered non-intenders. The intervention’s impact was evaluated by calculating the Relative Risk (RR) through a generalized linear model with robust standard error estimates, to ascertain the probability of belonging to the higher intention cluster.ResultFollowing the intervention, construct-wise scores improved significantly, particularly the perceived behavioral control mean score in the intervention group. The Relative Risk (RR) of becoming an intender for regular physical activity in the intervention group was 1.24 (95% CI: 1.04–1.48) when compared to the control group.ConclusionHealth Promoting Schools has been recognized as a strategic and cost-effective vehicle to promote positive development and healthful living, and the current evidence suggests they can effectively reduce the emergence of significant NCD risk factor like physical inactivity. Schools must establish strong partnerships with diverse stakeholders to address barriers beyond the school environment and enhance their control over critical issues.
Freedom for some, but not for Mum: the reproductive injustice associated with pandemic ‘Freedom Day’ for perinatal women in the United Kingdom
Authors: Silverio Sergio A. , Harris Elizabeth J. , Jackson Leanne , Fallon Victoria ,   The PRaM Study Group, Easter Abigail , Dadelszen Peter von , Jurković Davor , Magee Laura A. 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionHealthcare services for pregnant and postpartum (‘perinatal’) women were reconfigured significantly at the advent and for the duration of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and despite the United Kingdom announcing ‘Freedom Day’ on 19 July 2021 (whereafter all legal lockdown-related restrictions were lifted), restrictions to maternity (antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal) services remained. This study presents data from eight perinatal women about their experiences of psychosocial wellbeing and maternity care in the post-‘Freedom Day’ epoch.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted virtually, with data recorded, transcribed, and analysed by hand. Grounded theory analysis was employed with the final theory assessing the reproductive injustice of the pandemic ‘Freedom Day’.ResultsAnalysing iteratively and inductively led to four emergent themes: ‘A Failing System, Failing Women’; ‘Harm Caused by a State of Difference’; ‘The Privileges (Not Rights) of Reproductive Autonomy, Agency, and Advocacy’; and ‘Worried Women and Marginalised Mothers’. Together, these themes form the theory of ‘Freedom for some, but not for Mum’.DiscussionWomen experienced a lack of high-quality reliable information about the pandemic, vaccination against the virus, and the changes to, and decision-making surrounding, their perinatal care. Women recognised healthcare professionals and maternity services were stretched and that maternity services were failing but often reported hostility from staff and abandonment at times when they were unsure about how to navigate their care. The most singular injustice was the disparity between women having to accept continuing restrictions to their freedom whilst receiving maternity care and the (reckless) freedom being enacted by the general public.
Health and income inequality: a comparative analysis of USA and Italy
Authors: La Porta Caterina A. M. , Zapperi Stefano 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionSocio-economic background is often an important determinant for health with low income households having higher exposure to risk factors and diminished access to healthcare and prevention, in a way that is specific to each country.MethodsHere, we perform a comparative analysis of the relations between health and income inequality in two developed countries, USA and Italy, using longitudinal and cross-sectional data from surveys.Results and discussionWe show that the income class determines the incidence of chronic pathologies, associated risk-factors and psychiatric conditions, but find striking differences in health inequality between the two countries. We then focus our attention on a fraction of very disadvantaged households in the USA whose income in persistently at the bottom of the distribution over a span of 20 years and which is shown to display particularly dire health conditions. Low income people in the USA also display comorbidity patterns that are not found in higher income people, while in Italy income appears to be less relevant for comorbidity. Taken together our findings illustrate how differences in lifestyle and the healthcare systems affect health inequality.
Impacts of smoking on alcoholic liver disease: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Yoo Jeong-Ju , Lee Dong Hyeon , Kim Sang Gyune , Jang Jae Young , Kim Young Seok , Kim Log Young 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesSmoking is a preventable risk factor for morbidity and mortality in patients with liver disease. This study aims to explore the additional risks of smoking in the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk drinkers.MethodsData from the National Health Insurance Service, including claims and health check-up information spanning 2011 to 2017, were used. The overall alcohol consumption was calculated, and ALD was defined based on ICD-10 codes. High-risk drinking was defined as 7 or more drinks for men and 5 or more for women, twice weekly. Half of the high-risk drinkers were smokers, decreasing in men but stable at 20% for women.ResultsALD prevalence was 0.97% in high-risk drinkers and 1.09% in high-risk drinkers who smoked, higher than 0.16% in social drinkers (p &lt; 0.001). ALD incidence over 3-years was highest in high-risk drinkers who smoked (2.35%), followed by high-risk drinkers (2.03%) and social drinkers (0.35%) (p &lt; 0.001). Cirrhosis and HCC followed similar patterns, with prevalence and incidence was highest in drinkers who smoked. 3-year mortality was 0.65% in high-risk drinkers who smoked, compared to 0.50% in high-risk drinkers and 0.24% in social drinkers (p &lt; 0.001). Smoking increased the incidence of ALD, cirrhosis, and HCC by 1.32, 1.53, and 1.53 times, respectively (all p &lt; 0.001). Gender-specific analysis revealed higher risk ratios (RR) for women in ALD, alcoholic cirrhosis, and HCC, particularly among high-risk drinkers who smoked. Women showed significantly increased RR in ALD (6.08 to 12.38) compared to men (4.18 to 4.40), and similar trends were observed for cirrhosis and HCC.ConclusionSmoking significantly heightens the risk of ALD, cirrhosis, and HCC, especially in women, among high-risk drinkers. This emphasizes the importance of smoking cessation, particularly for female patients with ALD.
Evidence-based early rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy: co-development of a multifaceted knowledge translation strategy for rehabilitation professionals
Authors: Hanson Jessica H. , Majnemer Annette , Pietrangelo Filomena , Dickson Leigh , Shikako Keiko , Dahan-Oliel Noémi , Steven Emma , Iliopoulos Georgia , Ogourtsova Tatiana 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundCerebral palsy (CP) is the most common childhood physical disability. Early and evidence-based rehabilitation is essential for improving functional outcomes in children with CP. However, rehabilitation professionals face barriers to adopting evidence-based practices (EBP)s. The objective of this project is to develop a knowledge translation (KT) strategy to support CP-EBP among pediatric rehabilitation professionals.MethodsWe follow an integrated KT approach by collaborating with clinician- and patient-partners. Partners engaged in co-design through team meetings and content review via email. The KT strategy comprises two components: (1) An electronic (e)-KT toolkit was created from summarized evidence extracted from randomized clinical trials on early rehabilitation for children with CP, and (2) a multifaceted online KT training program developed with guidance from a scoping review exploring effective KT strategies.ResultsThe e-KT toolkit summarizes twenty-two early interventions for children with or at risk for CP aged 0–5 years. Each module features an introduction, resources, parent/family section, and clinician information, including outcomes, intervention effectiveness, and evidence level. The KT training program includes three 10–15 min video-based training modules, text summaries, quizzes, and case studies. Site champions, identified as qualified rehabilitation professionals, were onboarded to support the site implementation of the training program. A champion-training booklet and 1-hour session were designed to equip them with the necessary knowledge/resources.ConclusionThe tailored, multifaceted, and co-designed KT strategy aims to be implemented in pediatric rehabilitation sites to support professional's uptake of CP-EBPs. Lessons learned from its development, including the co-development process and multifaceted nature, hold potential for broader applications in rehabilitation.
Effect of lidocaine pumped through hepatic artery to relieve pain of hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy
Authors: Zhang Renjie , Liao Yiling , Yang Xiaoya , Tian Hengyu , Wu Shenfeng , Zeng Qingteng , He Qinghua , Zhang Ruikun , Wei Chunshan , Liu Jialin 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThis study aims to explore the analgesic effect of lidocaine administered through the hepatic artery during hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsA total of 45 HCC patients were randomly divided into a study group and a control group. Both groups received oxaliplatin (OXA) based FOLFOX protocol via electronic infusion pump. The study group was continuously infused with 100 mg of lidocaine during HAIC, while 5% glucose solution was infused in the same way as described above. Changes in vital signs, visual analogue score (VAS) and general comfort score (GCQ scale) were recorded before surgery (Time point 0), at the end of infusion (Time point 01), 1 h after HAIC (Time point 02), 3 h after HAIC (Time point 03) and 6 h after HAIC (Time point 04).ResultsAt each point of time from Time point 0 through Time point 04, the differences in MAP, RR and SPO2 between the two groups were not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05). At each point of time from Time point 01 through Time point 04, the mean VAS scores in the study group were smaller and GCQ scores were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were both statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsLidocaine infusion through the hepatic artery during HAIC effectively reduces intraoperative and postoperative pain and improves patient satisfaction with pain management, making it a valuable technique for clinical practice.
Posttraumatic hydrocephalus as a complication of decompressive craniectomy–same old story, new perspectives
Authors: Șerban Nicoleta-Larisa , Florian Ioan Stefan , Florian Ioan Alexandru , Atena Zaha Andreea , Ionescu Daniela 
Published: August 2024

ObjectiveDecompressive craniectomy (DC) serves as a vital life-saving intervention, demonstrating efficacy in reducing intracranial pressure (ICP). However, its efficacy hinges on meticulous surgical execution, perioperative management, and vigilance toward potential complications. The incidence of complications associated with DC plays a pivotal role in determining its superiority over medical management for patients experiencing intracranial hypertension following traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsSevere cases often require more intensive therapy, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and vasopressor treatment. Identifying the optimal moment for early extubation and minimizing vasopressor use is crucial to reducing the risk of complications, including PTH. Our study aims to highlight the potential risks associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation and long-term vasopressor administration. The collected data were demographics, the craniectomy size, the distance from the midline of the craniectomy, the presence or absence of hydrocephalus, duration of mechanical ventilation and vasopressor treatment, and outcome at 30 days.ResultsSeventy-two patients with a mean age of 44.2 (range 5–83) were included in the study, with a median craniectomy size of 119.3 cm2. In our series, craniectomy areas ranged between 30 and 207.5 cm2 and had a similar decrease in midline shift in all cases. We did not observe any associations between the surface of craniectomy and the complication rate (p = 0.6302). There was no association between craniectomy size and mortality rate or length of hospital stay. The most common complication of decompressive craniectomy in our study group was posttraumatic hydrocephalus, with an incidence of 13.8%. Our results showed that craniectomy size did not independently affect PTH development (p = 0.5125). Still, there was a strong correlation between prolonged time of vasopressor treatment (p = 0.01843), period of mechanical ventilation (p = 0.04928), and the development of PTH.ConclusionsThis study suggests that there is no clear correlation between craniectomy size, midline shift reduction, and survival rate. An extended period of vasopressor treatment or mechanical ventilation is linked with the development of posttraumatic hydrocephalus. Further studies on larger series or randomized controlled studies are needed to better define this correlation.
Single nucleotide polymorphism profiles of canine T-cell and null-cell lymphomas
Authors: Sirivisoot Sirintra , Kasantikul Tanit , Techangamsuwan Somporn , Rungsipipat Anudep 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundThe histopathological classification of T-cell lymphoma (TCL) in humans has distinctive mutational genotyping that suggests different lymphomagenesis. A similar concept is assumed to be observed in dogs with different TCL phenotypes.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the previously reported single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in both human beings and dogs in canine TCLs and null-cell lymphomas (NCLs) and to design compatible oligonucleotides from each variant based on the multiplex polymerase chain reaction.MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from 68 tumor specimens (62 TCLs and 6 NCLs) and 5 buffy coat samples from dogs with TCL. Four TCL subtypes and NCL were analyzed in 44 SNPs from 21 genes using the MassARRAY.ResultsThe greatest incidences of SNPs observed in all TCL subtypes and NCL ware SATB1 c.1259A &gt; C, KIT c.1275A &gt; G, SEL1L c.2040 + 200C &gt; G, and TP53 c.1024C &gt; T, respectively. Some SNP locations were statistically significant associated with NCL, including MYC p.S75F (p = 0.0003), TP53 p.I149N (p = 0.030), PDCD1 p.F37LX (p = 0.012), and POT1 p.R583* (p = 0.012).ConclusionEach TCL histological subtype and NCL are likely to contain distinctive mutational genetic profiles, which might play a role in lymphoma gene-risk factors and might be useful for selecting therapeutic target drugs for each canine patient.