bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STEP: Self‐supporting tailored k‐space estimation for parallel imaging reconstruction
Authors: Zhou Zechen , Wang Jinnan , Balu Niranjan , Li Rui , Yuan Chun 
Published: March 2015

PurposeA new subspace‐based iterative reconstruction method, termed Self‐supporting Tailored k‐space Estimation for Parallel imaging reconstruction (STEP), is presented and evaluated in comparison to the existing autocalibrating method SPIRiT and calibrationless method SAKE.Theory and MethodsIn STEP, two tailored schemes including k‐space partition and basis selection are proposed to promote spatially variant signal subspace and incorporated into a self‐supporting structured low rank model to enforce properties of locality, sparsity, and rank deficiency, which can be formulated into a constrained optimization problem and solved by an iterative algorithm. Simulated and in vivo datasets were used to investigate the performance of STEP in terms of overall image quality and detail structure preservation.ResultsThe advantage of STEP on image quality is demonstrated by retrospectively undersampled multichannel Cartesian data with various patterns. Compared with SPIRiT and SAKE, STEP can provide more accurate reconstruction images with less residual aliasing artifacts and reduced noise amplification in simulation and in vivo experiments. In addition, STEP has the capability of combining compressed sensing with arbitrary sampling trajectory.ConclusionUsing k‐space partition and basis selection can further improve the performance of parallel imaging reconstruction with or without calibration signals. Magn Reson Med 75:750–761, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Self‐gated tissue phase mapping using golden angle radial sparse SENSE
Authors: Paul Jan , Wundrak Stefan , Bernhardt Peter , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Neumann Heiko , Rasche Volker 
Published: March 2015

PurposeTo investigate the combination of Golden Angle Radial Sparse SENSE reconstruction with image‐based self‐gating (SG) for deriving high‐quality TPM data from radial golden angle (GA) k‐space data.MethodsIn 10 healthy volunteers, a self‐gated radial GA TPM sequence (TPMSG) was compared with a prospectively triggered radial TPM acquisition with conventional respiratory (RNAV) compensation (TPMref). Image quality and velocities were compared for different regularization strengths λ in the CS reconstruction.ResultsAcquisitions and retrospective self‐gating was successful in all cases. Contrast in TPMSG was superior to TPMref, because the blood saturation bands could be applied with full thickness without interference with the RNAV. Velocities from both acquisitions visually showed the same motion patterns and were quantitatively highly similar (correlation 0.81–0.97 and RMSE 0.08–0.21 cm/s). Strong temporal regularization (
) led to reduced velocity peaks in TPMSG. For
, image sharpness as well as velocity peaks of TPMSG were comparable to TPMRef.ConclusionThe combination of Golden Angle Radial Sparse SENSE with image‐based self‐gating allows measurement of velocities of the myocardium with superior black‐blood contrast and full coverage of the cardiac cycle. Magn Reson Med 75:789–800, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selective observation of the disordered import signal of a globular protein by in‐cell NMR: The example of frataxins
Authors: Popovic Matija , Sanfelice Domenico , Pastore Chiara , Prischi Filippo , Temussi Piero Andrea , Pastore Annalisa 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe have exploited the capability of in‐cell NMR to selectively observe flexible regions within folded proteins to carry out a comparative study of two members of the highly conserved frataxin family which are found both in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes. They all contain a globular domain which shares more than 50% identity, which in eukaryotes is preceded by an N‐terminal tail containing the mitochondrial import signal. We demonstrate that the NMR spectrum of the bacterial ortholog CyaY cannot be observed in the homologous E. coli system, although it becomes fully observable as soon as the cells are lysed. This behavior has been observed for several other compact globular proteins as seems to be the rule rather than the exception. The NMR spectrum of the yeast ortholog Yfh1 contains instead visible signals from the protein. We demonstrate that they correspond to the flexible N‐terminal tail indicating that this is flexible and unfolded. This flexibility of the N‐terminus agrees with previous studies of human frataxin, despite the extensive sequence diversity of this region in the two proteins. Interestingly, the residues that we observe in in‐cell experiments are not visible in the crystal structure of a Yfh1 mutant designed to destabilize the first helix. More importantly, our results show that, in cell, the protein is predominantly present not as an aggregate but as a monomeric species.
ATP‐induced cellular stress and mitochondrial toxicity in cells expressing purinergic P2X7 receptor
Authors: Seeland Swen , Kettiger Hélène , Murphy Mark , Treiber Alexander , Giller Jasmin , Kiss Andrea , Sube Romain , Krähenbühl Stephan , Hafner Mathias , Huwyler Jörg 
Published: March 2015

AbstractUnder pathological conditions, the purinergic P2X7 receptor is activated by elevated concentrations of extracellular ATP. Thereby, the receptor forms a slowly dilating pore, allowing cations and, upon prolonged stimulation, large molecules to enter the cell. This process has a strong impact on cell signaling, metabolism, and viability. This study aimed to establish a link between gradual P2X7 activation and pharmacological endpoints including oxidative stress, hydrogen peroxide generation, and cytotoxicity. Mechanisms of cellular stress and cytotoxicity were studied in P2X7‐transfected HEK293 cells. We performed real‐time monitoring of metabolic and respiratory activity of cells expressing the P2X7‐receptor protein using a cytosensor system. Agonistic effects were monitored using exogenously applied ATP or the stable analogue BzATP. Oxidative stress induced by ATP or BzATP in target cells was monitored by hydrogen peroxide release in human mononuclear blood cells. P2X7‐receptor activation was studied by patch‐clamp experiments using a primary mouse microglia cell line. Stimulation of the P2X7 receptor leads to ion influx, metabolic activation of target cells, and ultimately cytotoxicity. Conversion of the P2X7 receptor from a small cation channel to a large pore occurring under prolonged stimulation can be monitored in real time covering a time frame of milliseconds to hours. Selectivity of the effects can be demonstrated using the selective P2X7‐receptor antagonist AZD9056. Our findings established a direct link between P2X7‐receptor activation by extracellular ATP or BzATP and cellular events culminating in cytotoxicity. Mechanisms of toxicity include metabolic and oxidative stress, increase in intracellular calcium concentration and disturbance of mitochondrial membrane potential. Mitochondrial toxicity is suggested to be a key event leading to cell death.
Cellular Reprogramming Allows Generation of Autologous Hematopoietic Progenitors From AML Patients That Are Devoid of Patient-Specific Genomic Aberrations
Authors: Salci Kyle R. , Lee Jong-Hee , Laronde Sarah , Dingwall Steve , Kushwah Rahul , Fiebig-Comyn Aline , Leber Brian , Foley Ronan , Dal Cin Arianna , Bhatia Mickie 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Current treatments that use hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients substantially reduce the risk of relapse, but are limited by the availability of immune compatible healthy HPCs. Although cellular reprogramming has the potential to provide a novel autologous source of HPCs for transplantation, the applicability of this technology toward the derivation of healthy autologous hematopoietic cells devoid of patient-specific leukemic aberrations from AML patients must first be evaluated. Here, we report the generation of human AML patient-specific hematopoietic progenitors that are capable of normal in vitro differentiation to myeloid lineages and are devoid of leukemia-associated aberration found in matched patient bone marrow. Skin fibroblasts were obtained from AML patients whose leukemic cells possessed a distinct, leukemia-associated aberration, and used to create AML patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Through hematopoietic differentiation of AML patient iPSCs, coupled with cytogenetic interrogation, we reveal that AML patient-specific HPCs possess normal progenitor capacity and are devoid of leukemia-associated mutations. Importantly, in rare patient skin samples that give rise to mosaic fibroblast cultures that continue to carry leukemia-associated mutations; healthy hematopoietic progenitors can also be generated via reprogramming selection. Our findings provide the proof of principle that cellular reprogramming can be applied on a personalized basis to generate healthy HPCs from AML patients, and should further motivate advances toward creating transplantable hematopoietic stem cells for autologous AML therapy. Stem Cells 2013;33:1839–1849
Accuracy of first‐trimester ultrasound in diagnosis of tubal ectopic pregnancy in the absence of an obvious extrauterine embryo: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Richardson A. , Gallos I. , Dobson S. , Campbell B. K. , Coomarasamy A. , Raine‐Fenning N. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo determine the accuracy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of a tubal ectopic pregnancy in the absence of an obvious extrauterine embryo.MethodsThis was a systematic review conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement and registered with PROSPERO. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library for relevant citations from database inception to July 2014. Studies were selected in a two‐stage process and their data extracted by two reviewers. Accuracy measures were calculated for each ultrasound sign, i.e. empty uterus, pseudosac, adnexal mass and free fluid in the pouch of Douglas, alone and in various combinations. Individual study estimates were plotted in summary receiver–operating characteristics curves and forest plots for examination of heterogeneity. The quality of included studies was assessed.ResultsThirty‐one studies including 5858 women were selected from 19 959 citations. Following meta‐analysis, an empty uterus on ultrasound was found to predict an ectopic pregnancy with a sensitivity of 81.1% (95% CI, 42.1–96.2%) and specificity of 79.5% (95% CI, 68.9–87.1%). The corresponding performance of the pseudosac, adnexal mass and free fluid were: 5.5% (95% CI, 3.3–9.0%) and 94.2% (95% CI, 75.9–98.8%); 63.5% (95% CI, 48.5–76.3%) and 91.4% (95% CI, 83.6–95.7%); and 47.2% (95% CI, 33.2–61.7%) and 92.3% (95% CI, 85.6–96.0%), respectively.ConclusionVisualization of an empty uterus, adnexal mass, free fluid or a pseudosac has poor sensitivity for the diagnosis of a tubal pregnancy when an obvious extrauterine embryo is absent, but it has good specificity. We can therefore infer that ultrasound is more useful for ‘ruling in’ a tubal pregnancy than ‘ruling out’ one. However, the findings were limited by the poor quality of some included studies and heterogeneity in the index test and reference standard. Copyright © 2015 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Effects of broadcasting supplemental feed into roadside vegetation on home range and survival of female northern bobwhite
Authors: Buckley Byron R. , Andes Alicia K. , Grisham Blake A. , Brad Dabbert C. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTDeclines in northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) populations have led landowners in Texas, USA, to develop various management strategies to combat waning abundance. One common management strategy is to provide supplemental feed to bobwhites, despite the paucity of information regarding the effects of supplemental feed on bobwhite space use and survival. We examined survival and home range of bobwhites using the technique of spreading supplemental feed into roadside vegetation in the Texas Rolling Plains. The study sites were divided into 8 (404.6‐ha) units randomly designated as treatment (feed provided) or control (feed withheld). Treatment and control units were rotated during the second field season to minimize potential habitat bias. Treatment units received approximately 69.1 kg/km of milo (Sorghum bicolor) twice per month. We captured and radiomarked 197 female bobwhites (82 treatment [48: 2010–2011; 34: 2011–2012], 115 control [64: 2010–2011; 51: 2011–2012]) from autumn 2010 to spring 2012. Females were monitored for location and survival with radiotelemetry 3–4 times/week. Average home‐range size was similar on control and treatment units (47.6 ha [8.7 SE] and 46.2 ha [10.3 SE], respectively). We estimated survival rate with the nest survival model in Program MARK. We observed an increase in survival rate on treatment units compared with control units, regardless of year or environmental conditions. Our results suggest that distributing supplemental feed into roadside vegetation positively influences bobwhite survival with no reduction in home range size. © 2015 The Wildlife Society.
Implementing Housing First Across Sites and Over Time: Later Fidelity and Implementation Evaluation of a Pan‐Canadian Multi‐site Housing First Program for Homeless People with Mental Illness
Authors: Macnaughton Eric , Stefancic Ana , Nelson Geoffrey , Caplan Rachel , Townley Greg , Aubry Tim , McCullough Scott , Patterson Michelle , Stergiopoulos Vicky , Vallée Catherine , Tsemberis Sam , Fleury Marie-Josée , Piat Myra , Goering Paula 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis article examines later fidelity and implementation of a five‐site pan‐Canadian Housing First research demonstration project. The average fidelity score across five Housing First domains and 10 programs was high in the first year of operation (3.47/4) and higher in the third year of operation (3.62/4). Qualitative interviews (36 key informant interviews and 17 focus groups) revealed that staff expertise, partnerships with other services, and leadership facilitated implementation, while staff turnover, rehousing participants, participant isolation, and limited vocational/educational supports impeded implementation. The findings shed light on important implementation “drivers” at the staff, program, and community levels.
Essential Fatty Acid Assimilation and Synthesis in Larvae of the Bivalve Crassostrea gigas
Authors: da Costa Fiz , Robert René , Quéré Claudie , Wikfors Gary H. , Soudant Philippe 
Published: March 2015

AbstractEssential fatty acids (EFA) are important for bivalve larval survival and growth. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess for the first time through a mass‐balance approach dietary EFA incorporation and synthesis within Crassostrea gigas larvae. A first experiment was carried out using two microalgae, Tisochrysis lutea (T) and Chaetoceros neogracile (Cg), as mono‐ and bi‐specific diets. A second experiment using a similar design was performed to confirm and extend the results obtained in the first. Flow‐through larval rearing was used for accurate control of food supply and measurement of ingestion. Non‐methylene‐interrupted fatty acids were synthetized from precursors supplied in the diet: 16:1n‐7 and 18:1n‐9, mediated by Δ5 desaturase. Moreover, this Δ5 desaturase presumably allowed larvae to convert 20:3n‐6 and 20:4n‐3 to 20:4n‐6 and 20:5n‐3, respectively, when the product EFA were poorly or not supplied in the diet, as when larvae were fed T exclusively. Under our experimental conditions, none of the diets induced 22:6n‐3 synthesis; however, 22:6n‐3 incorporation into larval tissues occurred selectively under non‐limiting dietary supply to maintain optimal levels in the larvae. This combination of flow‐through larval rearing and biochemical analysis of FA levels could be applied to additional dietary experiments to precisely define optimal levels of EFA supply.
The effect of vegetarian diet on skin autofluorescence measurements in haemodialysis patients
Authors: Nongnuch Arkom , Davenport Andrew 
Published: March 2015

CVD remains the major cause of death for dialysis patients. Dialysis patients have both traditional and nontraditional risk factors, including the retention of advanced glycation end products (AGE). Tissue AGE can be measured by skin autofluorescence (SAF) and are a reliable measurement of chronic exposure. Dietary intake of AGE may be lower in vegetarian patients than in non-vegetarian patients, so we determined whether vegetarian patients had lower SAF than non-vegetarian patients. We measured SAF in 332 adult haemodialysis patients using a UV technique in a standardised manner. Information about patients' demographic data, laboratory results and current medicinal prescriptions was collected retrospectively from the hospital's computerised database. The mean patient age was 65·2 (sd15·1) years, 64 % were men, 42 % were diabetic, and 66 % were Caucasian. The mean SAF was 3·26 (sd0·95) arbitrary units (AU), and SAF was lower in vegetarians as compared to non-vegetarians (2·71 (sd0·6)v. 3·31 (sd0·97) AU,P= 0·002). SAF was negatively correlated on both univariate (r− 0·17,P= 0·002) and multiple linear regression (β coefficient − 0·39, 95 % CI − 0·7, − 0·07,P= 0·019). SAF, a marker of tissue AGE deposition, was reduced in vegetarian haemodialysis patients after correction for known confounders, which suggests that a vegetarian diet may reduce exposure to preformed dietary AGE. Dietary manipulation could potentially reduce tissue AGE and SAF as well as CVD risk, but further prospective studies are warranted to confirm the present findings.
Dietary and anthropometric indicators of nutritional status in relation toHelicobacter pyloriinfection in a paediatric population
Authors: Janjetic Mariana A. , Mantero Paula , Cueto Rua Eduardo , Balcarce Norma , Zerbetto de Palma Gerardo , Catalano Mariana , Zubillaga Marcela B. , Boccio José R. , Goldman Cinthia G. 
Published: March 2015

It has been postulated thatHelicobacter pyloriinfection could affect growth and appetite, consequently influencing body weight. Therefore, the association betweenH. pyloriinfection and the dietary and anthropometric indicators of nutritional status of a paediatric population were investigated. A total of 525 children (aged 4–16 years) who were referred to the gastroenterology unit of the Sor Maria Ludovica Children's Hospital from Buenos Aires, Argentina, were enrolled and completed an epidemiological questionnaire.H. pyloriinfection was diagnosed using the13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT). Height and weight were assessed for calculation of anthropometric indicators. Energy and macronutrient intakes were estimated by 24 h dietary recall. Data analysis was performed using a χ2test, a Student'sttest, a Mann–WhitneyUtest and linear and logistic regressions. The prevalence ofH. pyloriinfection was 25·1 % (with a mean age of 10·1 (sd3·1) years). A tendency towards lower energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat intakes was observed in infected patients; however, it was not associated withH. pyloriinfection in any of the evaluated age groups (4–8, 9–13 and 14–16 years). Underweight, stunting, overweight and obesity were also not associated with the infection. Although height-for-age and BMI-for-ageZscores tended to be lower in infected patients, the differences betweenH. pylori-positive andH. pylori-negative children were not statistically significant. In conclusion,H. pyloriinfection was not associated with dietary intake or with anthropometric indicators in the present population of children with gastrointestinal symptoms; however, an increased sample size would be needed to confirm the observed tendency towards lower dietary intake and lower anthropometric indicators of nutritional status inH. pylori-infected children.
Induction of protection in murine experimental models againstTrichinella spiralis: an up-to-date review
Authors: Ortega-Pierres G. , Vaquero-Vera A. , Fonseca-Liñán R. , Bermúdez-Cruz R.M. , Argüello-García R. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe parasitic nematodeTrichinella spiralis, an aetiological agent of the disease known as trichinellosis, infects wild and domestic animals through contaminated pig meat, which is the major source forTrichinellatransmission. Prevention of this disease by interrupting parasite transmission includes vaccine development for livestock; however, major challenges to this strategy are the complexity of theT. spiralislife cycle, diversity of stage-specific antigens, immune-evasion strategies and the modulatory effect of host responses. Different approaches have been taken to induce protective immune responses byT. spiralisimmunogens. These include the use of whole extracts or excretory–secretory antigens, as well as recombinant proteins or synthesized epitopes, using murine experimental models for trichinellosis. Here these schemes are reviewed and discussed, and new proposals envisioned to block the zoonotic transmission of this parasite.
SKILL SELECTIVITY IN TRANSATLANTIC MIGRATION: THE CASE OF CANARY ISLANDERS IN CUBA
Authors: Juif Dácil 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTThe skill composition of European migrants to the New World and their contribution to the human capital and institutional formation in destination countries are popular topics in economic history. This study assesses the skill composition of 19thcentury transatlantic migrants to Cuba. It finds that nearly half of the European immigrants originate from the Spanish province of the Canary Islands, which displays the lowest literacy and numeracy rates of Spain. Even within this province, those who left belonged to the least skilled section of the population. By promoting the influx of a cheap and poorly educated white workforce that replaced African slaves on their sugar estates, large landowners in Cuba contributed to the perpetuation of high economic, political and social inequality.
Suicidal behaviour – does it exist in pre-school aged children?
Authors: Connolly Louise 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWhen children under five years of age are assessed and investigated following an accidental injury or self-poisoning, the possibility of psychiatric disorder and indeed suicidal intent is rarely considered. We present a case of repeated self-induced poisonings in a five year old boy, who on psychiatric examination demonstrated serious psychopathology and expressed ambivalence in relation to suicidality. All such presentations should receive consideration as to whether a referral to child psychiatry is indicated. In the training of general practitioners, paediatricians and psychiatrists alike, attention should be given to this area.
Mitochondrial SSBP1 protects cells from proteotoxic stresses by potentiating stress-induced HSF1 transcriptional activity
Authors: Tan Ke , Fujimoto Mitsuaki , Takii Ryosuke , Takaki Eiichi , Hayashida Naoki , Nakai Akira 
Published: March 2015

AbstractHeat-shock response is an adaptive response to proteotoxic stresses including heat shock, and is regulated by heat-shock factor 1 (HSF1) in mammals. Proteotoxic stresses challenge all subcellular compartments including the mitochondria. Therefore, there must be close connections between mitochondrial signals and the activity of HSF1. Here, we show that heat shock triggers nuclear translocation of mitochondrial SSBP1, which is involved in replication of mitochondrial DNA, in a manner dependent on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore ANT–VDAC1 complex and direct interaction with HSF1. HSF1 recruits SSBP1 to the promoters of genes encoding cytoplasmic/nuclear and mitochondrial chaperones. HSF1–SSBP1 complex then enhances their induction by facilitating the recruitment of a chromatin-remodelling factor BRG1, and supports cell survival and the maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential against proteotoxic stresses. These results suggest that the nuclear translocation of mitochondrial SSBP1 is required for the regulation of cytoplasmic/nuclear and mitochondrial proteostasis against proteotoxic stresses.