bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pericardioesophageal Fistula Following Left Atrial Ablation Procedure
Authors: Bailey Christopher William , Tallaksen Robert J 
Published: November 2014

We present a case of pericardioesophageal fistula formation in a 40 year old male who 23 days after undergoing a repeat ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation developed chest pressure, chills and diaphoresis. After initial labs and tests that demonstrated no evidence for acute myocardial ischemia, the patient underwent CT angiography of the chest. The study revealed pneumopericardium and a pericardial effusion. Suspicion was raised of perforation of the posterior left atrial myocardial wall with injury to adjacent esophagus. Water soluble contrast with transition to barium sulfate esophagram subsequently performed identified a perforation further affirming the postulate of a fistulous communication between the esophagus and pericardium. Transthoracic echocardiogram confirmed pericardial effusion but did not demonstrate myocardial defect. Endoscopic management was preferred and an esophageal stent was placed. Follow up esophagram showed an intact esophageal stent without evidence of extravasation.
Dynamic MRI in the Diagnosis and Post Surgical Evaluation of Wandering Spleen
Authors: Clark James , Gorman John , Lee Mike , Barbick Brian , Marks Robert 
Published: November 2014

Wandering spleen is a rare but potentially clinically significant entity, and may be a cause for a patient presenting with acute abdomen. Because wandering spleen may present with non-specific symptoms and presentation, it can be a difficult diagnosis to make clinically. This paper describes a case report of the use of dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in a young woman to confirm the diagnosis of wandering spleen pre-operatively. The patient underwent a splenopexy and a post-operative MRI confirmed the successful surgical fixation of the patient's spleen.
Cost-Effectiveness of Population-Level Physical Activity Interventions: A Systematic Review
Authors: Laine Johanna , Kuvaja-Köllner Virpi , Pietilä Eija , Koivuneva Mikko , Valtonen Hannu , Kankaanpää Eila 
Published: October 2014

Objective. This systematic review synthesizes the evidence on the cost-effectiveness of population-level interventions to promote physical activity. Data Source. A systematic literature search was conducted between May and August 2013 in four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. Only primary and preventive interventions aimed at promoting and maintaining physical activity in wide population groups were included. An economic evaluation of both effectiveness and cost was required. Secondary interventions and interventions targeting selected population groups or focusing on single individuals were excluded. Data Extraction. Interventions were searched for in six different categories: (1) environment, (2) built environment, (3) sports clubs and enhanced access, (4) schools, (5) mass media and community-based, and (6) workplace. Data Synthesis. The systematic search yielded 2058 articles, of which 10 articles met the selection criteria. The costs of interventions were converted to costs per person per day in 2012 U.S. dollars. The physical activity results were calculated as metabolic equivalent of task hours (MET-hours, or MET-h) gained per person per day. Cost-effectiveness ratios were presented as dollars per MET-hours gained. The intervention scale and the budget impact of interventions were taken into account. Results. The most efficient interventions to increase physical activity were community rail-trails ($.006/MET-h), pedometers ($.014/MET-h), and school health education programs ($.056/MET-h). Conclusion. Improving opportunities for walking and biking seems to increase physical activity cost-effectively. However, it is necessary to be careful in generalizing the results because of the small number of studies. This review provides important information for decision makers.
The Reluctant Folklorist: Jon Y. Lee, Paul Radin, and the Fieldwork Process
Authors: Buccitelli Anthony Bak 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In the early 1930s, the anthropologist Paul Radin hired Jon Lee to collect Chinese American folk narratives in Oakland’s Chinatown. These were later published as The Golden Mountain: Chinese Tales Told in California. Despite being lead fieldworker for the project, Lee’s contributions have been largely overlooked. This paper examines Lee’s important folkloristic work and opens up a wider discussion about the role that professional aspirations play in shaping the field methodologies of folklorists.
"Rose Connolly" Revisited: Re-Imagining the Irish in Southern Appalachia
Authors: Kader Emily 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
This essay revisits the Appalachian murder ballad "Rose Connolly," the subject of a 1979 essay by D. K. Wilgus. Following Wilgus, I offer further evidence of the song’s presence in Ireland and interrogate persistent hesihistorytancy to claim Irish influence on Appalachian folklore. My analysis then traces this bias to the influence of Cecil Sharp’s English Folk Songs from the Southern Appalachians (Sharp and Campbell 1917) and his theories of race in the British Isles and Appalachia. Ultimately, I use "Rose Connolly" to re-imagine Irish diasporic and Appalachian identities.
The dual nature of TDC – bridging dendritic and T cells in immunity
Authors: Nelli Maria , Kuka Mirela 
Published: August 2024

TDC are hematopoietic cells with unique features that provide intriguing insights into the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity. They express a combination of conventional dendritic cell (DC) and T‐cell markers and are found in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), lungs and liver of naïve mice, as well as in human blood. When analyzed ex vivo, TDC can behave either as DCs or as T cells, depending on the provided stimuli. Notably, TDC numbers and activation significantly increase in SLOs following viral infection, suggesting a potential role for TDC in antiviral immune responses. In this review, we discuss the properties of these fascinating cells, which call for more investigation on their physiological role during immune responses to both pathogens and tumors.
Deep learning based clinical target volumes contouring for prostate cancer: Easy and efficient application
Authors: Wen Feng , Chen Zhebin , Wang Xin , Dou Meng , Yang Jialuo , Yao Yu , Shen Yali 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundRadiotherapy has been crucial in prostate cancer treatment. However, manual segmentation is labor intensive and highly variable among radiation oncologists. In this study, a deep learning based automated contouring model is constructed for clinical target volumes (CTVs) of intact and postoperative prostate cancer.MethodsComputed tomography (CT) data sets of 197 prostate cancer patients were collected. Two auto‐delineation models were built for radical radiotherapy and postoperative radiotherapy of prostate cancer respectively, and each model included CTVn for pelvic lymph nodes and CTVp for prostate tumors or prostate tumor beds.ResultsIn the radical radiotherapy model, the volumetric dice (VD) coefficient of CTVn calculated by AI, was higher than that of the one delineated by the junior physicians (0.85 vs. 0.82, p = 0.018); In the postoperative radiotherapy model, the quantitative parameter of CTVn and CTVp, counted by AI, was better than that of the junior physicians. The median delineation time for AI was 0.23 min in the postoperative model and 0.26 min in the radical model, which were significantly shorter than those of the physicians (50.40 and 45.43 min, respectively, p < 0.001). The correction time of the senior physician for AI was much shorter compared with that for the junior physicians in both models (p < 0.001).ConclusionUsing deep learning and attention mechanism, a highly consistent and time‐saving contouring model was built for CTVs of pelvic lymph nodes and prostate tumors or prostate tumor beds for prostate cancer, which also might be a good approach to train junior radiation oncologists.
Challenges and Opportunities for Proton Batteries: From Electrodes, Electrolytes to Full‐Cell Applications
Authors: Wu Sicheng , Guo Haocheng , Zhao Chuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractProton batteries have emerged as a promising solution for grid‐scale energy storage benefiting their high safety and abundant raw materials. The battery chemistry based on proton‐ions is intrinsically advantageous in integrating fast diffusion kinetics and high capacities, thus offering great potential to break through the energy limit of capacitors and the power limit of traditional batteries. Significant efforts have been dedicated to advancing proton batteries, leading to successive milestones in recent years. Herein, the recent progress of proton batteries is summarized and insights into the challenges in electrodes, electrolytes and future opportunities for enhancing full‐cell applications are provided. The fundamentals of electrochemical proton storage and representative faradaic electrodes are discussed, delving into their current limitations in mechanism studies and electrochemical performances. Subsequently, the classification, challenges, and strategies for improving protonic electrolytes are addressed. Finally, the state‐of‐the‐art proton full‐cells are explored, and views on the rational design of proton battery devices for achieving high‐performance aqueous energy storage are offered.
Accelerating Materials Discovery by High‐Throughput GIWAXS Characterization of Quasi‐2D Formamidinium Metal Halide Perovskites
Authors: Yang Jonghee , Hidalgo Juanita , Song Donghoon , Kalinin Sergei V. , Correa‐Baena Juan‐Pablo , Ahmadi Mahshid 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe intriguing functionalities of emerging quasi‐2D metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have led to further exploration of this material class for sustainable and scalable optoelectronic applications. However, the chemical complexities in precursors—primarily determined by the 2D:3D compositional ratio—result in uncontrolled phase heterogeneities in these materials, which compromises the optoelectronic performances. Yet, this phenomenon remains poorly understood due to the massive quasi‐2D compositional space. To systematically explore the fundamental principles, herein, a high‐throughput automated synthesis‐characterization workflow is designed and implemented to formamidinium (FA)‐based quasi‐2D MHP system. It is revealed that the stable 3D‐like phases, where the α‐FAPbI3 surface is passivated by 2D spacers, exclusively emerge at the compositional range (35–55% of FAPbI3), deviating from the stoichiometric considerations. A quantitative crystallographic study via high‐throughput grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) experiments integrated with automated peak analysis function quickly reveals that the 3D‐like phases are vertically aligned, facilitating vertical charge conduction that can be beneficial for optoelectronic applications. Together, this study uncovers the optimal 2D:3D compositional range for complex quasi‐2D MHP systems, realizing promising optoelectronic functionalities. The automated experimental workflow significantly accelerates materials discoveries and processing optimizations that are transferrable to other deposition methods, while providing fundamental insights into complex materials systems.
Covalent–Organic‐Framework Membrane with Aligned Dipole Moieties for Biomimetic Regulable Ion Transport
Authors: Lai Zhuozhi , Ai Yuqing , Xian Weipeng , Guo Qing , Meng Qing‐Wei , Yin Shijie , Wang Sai , Zhang Li , Xiong Yubing , Chen Banglin , Sun Qi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBiological ion channels are renowned for their exceptional ion transport selectivity and adaptability to environmental changes, posing a significant challenge for synthetic mimicry. Herein, an innovative covalent–organic‐framework membrane featuring aligned benzothiadiazole units within its oriented 1D nanochannels is reported. These densely arrayed dipolar benzothiadiazole units enhance selective ion adsorption and facilitate membrane charge regulation. Consequently, the membrane can dynamically adjust its permselectivity toward ions, transitioning seamlessly between cation‐selective, ambipolar, and anion‐selective states. This versatility affects both the type of ions transported and the transport efficiency, supporting reversible and controlled membrane operation, as illustrated by the capacity to regulate the magnitude and direction of osmotic power. When interacting with multivalent anions, highly negatively charged channels of the membrane exhibit outstanding cation permselectivity and conductivity. Specifically, upon exposure to PO43− ions, the membrane achieves a remarkable osmotic power of 155 W m−2 and an energy conversion efficiency of 46.1% under salinity gradients of 0.5 and 0.01 m NaCl. Notably, introducing multivalent cations can reverse the polarity of the membrane. This work underscores the potential of exploiting ion‐dipolar interactions for the development of adaptive, ion‐selective membranes with promising applications in electrochemical sensing, energy conversion, and more.
Multivalent Cation Incorporated into Manganese‐Iron Based NASICON Cathodes for High Voltage Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zeng Jingyao , Gao Jinqiang , Jian Weishun , Wang Haoji , Li Wenyuan , Hong Ningyun , Zhang Baichao , Huang Jiangnan , Song Bai , Gan Chaolun , Yasar Sedat , Deng Wentao , Zou Guoqiang , Hou Hongshuai , Ji Xiaobo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractNa4Mn1.5Fe1.5(PO4)2P2O7 (NMFPP), with its low cost and high energy density, is essential for accelerating the commercialization of sodium‐ion batteries. However, its practical application is limited by serious voltage hysteresis and detrimental Jahn‐Teller distortions. Herein, a high operating voltage and superior stable Nb‐doped NMFPP with fewer intrinsic anti‐site defects are elaborately designed by the reconstruction of the crystal lattice and electronic distribution. By introducing higher charge density Nb─O bonds, the lengths of Mn‐O bonds are shortened, enhancing lattice stability. As a result, the lattice volume contracted during Na+ extraction/insertion is decreased with niobium‐modified Na4(Mn0.5Fe0.5)2.94Nb0.06(PO4)2P2O7, mitigating lattice distortion from the Jahn‐Teller effect and increasing the capacity retention after 1000 cycles from 57.5% to 82.3%. More importantly, the delayed effect of Mn2+ involvement in redox reactions is significantly reduced, raising the average operating voltage from 3.32 to 3.64 V and increasing the overall energy density by 13%. This study opens new avenues to develop advanced sodium‐ion battery cathode materials with high energy density and long calendar life for energy storage.
An Electrostripping Strategy for Constructing a 3D Honeycomb‐Like Zn Anode Toward Dendrite‐Free Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Meng Dexin , Liang Xincheng , Liu Qian , Chen Xingfa , Huang Renshu , Peng Lin , Wen Huan , Yin Shibin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe severe dendrite issue of the Zn anode greatly hinders the practical application of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries, which demands a prompt solution. This work proposes an electrostripping strategy using sodium citrate (SC) solution as the electrolyte to fabricate a 3D honeycomb‐like Zn (3DH‐Zn) anode. Theoretical calculations and experimental results reveal that SC preferentially adsorbs on the Zn(100) and Zn(101) planes and exhibits a shielding effect, leading to the major dissolution of Zn atoms from the Zn(002) plane, thus obtaining a honeycomb‐like structure. Notably, convinced by morphology characterization and finite element simulation results, Zn2+ tends to deposit on the lateral sides of the hexagonal holes on the 3DH‐Zn anode, resulting in a flat deposition morphology dominated by Zn(101)/Zn(100) planes, which significantly inhibits dendrite formation. As a result, the 3DH‐Zn symmetric cell achieves an ultra‐long lifespan of 2000 h at 5.0 mA cm−2 and 1.0 mAh cm−2. Besides, the 3DH‐Zn||VO2 full cell works for 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g−1 with a residual capacity of 123.1 mAh g−1. This work opens up a new horizon for applying electrostripping strategy in designing advanced Zn anode.
Defect Engineering of Biodegradable Sulfide Nanocage Sonozyme Systems Enables Robust Immunotherapy Against Metastatic Cancers
Authors: Cai Jinming , Shen Qianwen , Wu Yue , Hu Jinyan , Pan Dengyu , Wu Yun , Geng Bijiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIt is important but challenging to innovate inorganic sonosensitizers with controlled biodegradability and enhanced sonodynamic and chemodynamic activities to harness and remodel the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) for awakening robust immune responses against metastatic cancers. Herein the rational design and defect engineering strategy of a pH‐responsive biodegradable sonozyme system in sulfide nanocages for augmented cancer immunotherapy is reported. A series of highly defective Co9S8‐x sonosensitizers with elevated sulfur‐vacancy (VS) levels are fabricated to systematically explore the VS‐dependent sonodynamic and chemodynamic properties by regulating the weight ratio of the sulfur to cobalt source. The bandgap is substantially reduced from 2.06 to 1.54 eV, and the atomic ratio of Co2+ to Co3+ is increased from 1.53 to 1.97. Therefore, the sonodynamic, chemodynamic, and antitumor immune responses of Co9S8‐x are dramatically augmented by defect engineering of a biodegradable sulfide sonozyme system. The slow degradation in the slightly acid TME substantially reduced the size for enhanced tumor targeting and infiltration, while exerting a slight influence on the sonodynamic performance. As a result, satisfactory therapeutic effects on the eradication of primary, distant, and metastatic tumors can be achieved. This work highlights the potential of defect engineering strategies in biodegradable sonosensitizers for enhanced immunotherapy in combating metastatic cancers.
Mild Lithium‐Rich Manganese‐Based Cathodes with the Optimal Activation of Li2MnO3 for Stable and High Capacity Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Yong , Li Quan , Chen Zhuo , Zeng Weihao , Liu Zhaopei , Wang Meiyan , Xia Fanjie , Wang Guan , Wu Jinsong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe commercial application of lithium‐rich layered oxides still has many obstacles since the oxygen in Li2MnO3 has an unstable coordination and tends to be released when Li‐ion is extracted at the voltage higher than 4.5 V. In this work, a series of cobalt‐free lithium‐rich manganese‐based oxide cathodes (Li1+xTM1‐xO2, TM = Mn, Ni) are synthesized by gradually decreasing the Li/TM ratio. Among these cobalt‐free Li‐rich manganese‐based oxides (LRMO), LR‐1.2 (when Li/TM = 1.2) has an optimized dual‐phase (namely Li2MnO3 and LiTMO2‐like) structure, in which the coordination environment of part of oxygen is transformed from 4Li‐O‐2TM octahedra to 3Li‐O‐3TM octahedra due to the partial substitution of TM for Li at Li‐2b site. Thus, some of the original unstable Li–O–Li configurations change to Li–O–TM configurations, forming strong TM–O covalent bonding and enhancing the structural stability of the oxygen. Consequently, the LR‐1.2 achieved a high reversible capacity of 282.3 mAh g−1 (Coulombic efficiency of 90.9%) at 0.1 C, exhibiting outstanding cycling stability (capacity retention of 90.3% after 400 cycles at 2 C) and superior rate performance. This work establishes a correlation between the microstructure modulation tuned by the Li/TM ratio and their electrochemical performance, offering insights into the design of cathode materials for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries.
A Photoconductor‐Type Position Recognition Mechanism with the Intrinsic High Gain for the Development of Ultra‐Sensitive Light Position Detection
Authors: Zeng Peiyu , Liu Kaiyang , Zhang Peng , Sun Hui , Wang Wenhui , Ni Zhenhua , Lu Junpeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPosition‐sensitive detectors (PSDs) are widely used in optical inspection applications, such as precise measurement of distance and angle, surface profiling, and motion tracking, etc. The lateral photovoltaic effect is the mechanism employed by most PSDs to determine position, but its gain‐free nature hinders weak‐light detection and applications. Here, a new position recognition mechanism with an intrinsic high gain is proposed and employ it to design a weak‐light and large‐size photoconductor‐type PSD. The position recognition is established by the intrinsic link between the gain and channel length in a photoconductor, and the designed linear correlation between the channel length and position. The photoconductor‐type graphene/Si PSD based on the recognition mechanism shows an active length of over 1 mm, a high spatial position resolution at the sub‐micrometer level, and a low detection limit power of 100 pW. Compared with Si PSDs, the gain of the photoconductor‐type PSD is improved by 3–4 orders of magnitude. In addition, the operational wavelength range of the PSD is expanded to include the near‐infrared region, specifically at 1300 and 1550 nm. The new position recognition mechanism paves the way for the development of ultra‐sensitive light position detection.
Effect of Interfacial Ionic Defects in Perovskite Solar Cells and their Mitigation Mechanism: A Comprehensive Theoretical Analysis with Experimental Validation
Authors: Porwal Shivam , Bansal Nitin Kumar , Dey Sutapa , Singh Trilok 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInterfacial ionic defects in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) significantly influence the efficiency and long‐term stability. In this study, primarily simulation‐assisted analyses are conducted to explore the capacitive effect of these defects on the performance of PSCs through impedance analysis. Simulated data indicate a decrease in capacitance with increasing frequency, leading to a higher built‐in potential (ΔVbi = 150 mV). Moreover, an increase in capacitance with increasing light intensity is observed. Additionally, reducing the ionic defect concentration at the interfaces (from 1019 to 1016 cm−3) results in more significant band bending and a higher Vbi. Potential solutions to mitigate interfacial ionic defects, including doping at transport layer interfaces are proposed. Doping at both interfaces introduces an energy spike (valence band offset) of 0.21 eV and a cliff (conduction band offset) of 0.16 eV, respectively, for holes and electrons, leading to an improvement in the open circuit voltage (VOC). Finally, experimental results demonstrate a notable enhancement in VOC of 0.04 V with the introduction of Li+ doping at the electron transport layer/perovskite interface. These findings provide essential perceptions for effectively mitigating the effect of interfacial ionic defects on the performance of PSCs and enhance their overall performance.