bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Longitudinal Validity of Computer-assisted Methods for Measuring Joint Damage Progression in Subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: POH MERVYN QI WEI , LASSERE MARISSA , BIRD PAUL , EDMONDS JOHN 
Published: November 2012

Objective.To compare the metric properties of a computer-assisted erosion segmentation volume measurement with scoring using the Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (RAMRIS) in a longitudinal cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Thirty-two sets of baseline and 2-year followup magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of metacarpal phalangeal 2–5 joints of patients with RA were scored using RAMRIS and segmented using OSIRIS software. The smallest detectable difference (SDD), standardized response mean (SRM), and paired t-test were used to evaluate the sensitivity to change. Eleven of the 32 patients’ MRI were segmented by both readers to evaluate interreader agreement. The 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) and Sharp erosion scores further evaluated construct and longitudinal validity.Results.Reliability of erosion progression by computer-assisted volume measurement was superior to RAMRIS [intrareader interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.97 (0.94–0.99) vs 0.52 (0.22–0.73)] and interreader ICC of volume measurement was 0.85 (0.53–0.96). Computer-assisted volume measurements identified 10 of 32 patients who progressed more than the SDD progression, whereas RAMRIS identified only 4 of 32 patients (p = 0.0013). By a paired t-test, however, all MRI measures progressed significantly over 2 years (irrespective of treatment arm) and there was little difference by SRM. Construct correlational validity of the MRI methods was 0.47–0.90 for status scores and 0.33–0.81 for progression. There was no relationship between the average DAS28 and erosion progression by any imaging method.Conclusion.Computer-assisted measurement of erosion volume has good performance metrics. It had excellent intrareader and interreader reliability and was more sensitive to change than RAMRIS in this group of patients.www.ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT00451971.
Development and Assessment of Users’ Satisfaction with the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 Responder Index-50 Website
Authors: TOUMA ZAHI , GLADMAN DAFNA D. , MacKINNON ANNE , CARETTE SIMON , ABU-SHAKRA MAHMOUD , ASKANASE ANCA , NIVED OLA , HANLY JOHN G. , LANDOLT-MARTICORENA CAROLINA , TAM LAI-SHAN , TOLOZA SERGIO , NIKPOUR MANDANA , RIDDELL CLAIRE , STEIMAN AMANDA , EDER LIHI , HADDAD AMIR , BARBER CLAIRE , UROWITZ MURRAY B. 
Published: November 2012

Objective.To describe the development of the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 Responder Index-50 (S2K RI-50) Website (www.s2k-ri-50.com) and to assess satisfaction with its training and examination modules among rheumatologists and rheumatology fellows.Methods.The development of the Website occurred in 3 phases. The first was a deployment phase that consisted of preparing the site map along with its content. The content included the S2K RI-50 training manual, the tests and corresponding question bank, and the online adaptive training module, along with the extensive site testing. The second phase included the participation of rheumatologists and trainees who completed the Website modules. The third was a quality assurance phase in which an online survey was developed to determine the satisfaction level of its users. Further modifications were implemented per participants’ recommendations.Results.The site has been online since it was registered in September 2010. Fourteen rheumatologists and rheumatology trainees from different centers reviewed and completed the material contained in the Website. The survey revealed acceptance among rheumatologists for the Website’s content, design, and presentation. The Website was rated as user-friendly and useful in familiarizing investigators with the S2K RI-50. After completion of the training and examination modules, participants reported a suitable level of preparation to implement the S2K RI-50 in clinical trials and research settings in a timely manner.Conclusion.The Website includes training and examination modules that familiarize rheumatologists with the S2K RI-50 and assesses their competence to use the index. This prepares them for the use of the S2K RI-50 in clinical trials and research settings.
Le recours à l'assistance : un risque?
Authors: Lima Léa 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Au Québec, depuis le milieu des années 1990, on assiste, dans un contexte de « chasse » aux dépenses sociales, à un changement de paradigme dans le traitement des jeunes assistés sociaux. Fondées sur le modèle de l’acteur rationnel, les mesures de prévention considèrent la demande d’assistance comme un « comportement à risque » devant être traité comme tel. Ce faisant, les politiques de prévention essentiellement tournées vers les jeunes apparaissent inscrites dans une rationalité de la responsabilité qui repose sur deux vertus morales cardinales : la prudence et la prévoyance. Du même coup, elles amènent à reconsidérer le droit à l’aide sociale sous l’angle de l’efficacité.
En faire son métier : de l'animation occasionnelle à l'animation professionnelle
Authors: Camus Jérôme 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Le continuum qui relie l’animation « occasionnelle » à l’animation « professionnelle » ne prend sens que pour ceux qui l’empruntent effectivement. Pourtant, une bonne partie des animateurs « occasionnels » ne fera pas carrière dans l’animation. L’acquisition de manières de faire et de dire spécifiques à l’animation et leur reconnaissance sous forme d’« expériences » n’explique dès lors qu’en partie le passage d’un secteur à l’autre. Pour le comprendre, il semble qu’il faille considérer la totalité du processus qui conditionne l’entrée sur le marché du travail d’un ensemble relativement homogène d’agents.
« Jeunes » et « vieux » : les relations intergénérationnelles en question
Authors: Caradec Vincent 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Cet article soulève la question de la coexistence des générations au sein des sociétés contemporaines et cherche à appréhender les enjeux sociaux des rapports entre les « jeunes » et les « vieux ». À quelles réalités ces catégories, profondément relatives, renvoient-elles Comment penser les relations entre ces générations dans l’espace social et familial Après avoir mis en lumière la relativité des frontières entre les « jeunes » et les « vieux », l’auteur s’interroge sur leurs rapports, du double point de vue de l’âge et de la génération, pour enfin proposer quelques réflexions sur les défis et les limites de l’« être ensemble » de ces générations dans les sociétés actuelles.
L'indépendance de l'autorité des marchés financiers
Authors: Douvreleur Olivier 
Published: November 2012

Résumé L’Autorité des marchés financiers (AMF) voit l’indépendance de ses instances délibérantes et de leurs membres (Collège et Commission des sanctions) protégée par un ensemble de règles relatives, notamment, à la prévention et au traitement des conflits d’intérêts, aux incompatibilités professionnelles, aux déclaration d’intérêts, à l’abstention et à la récusation. À ce dispositif, s’ajoute le bénéfice du statut original d’« autorité publique indépendante » sous lequel l’a placée la loi du 1 er août 2003 : la personnalité morale dont est dotée l’AMF, son mode particulier de financement – qui repose sur des contributions prévues par la loi et perçues sur les acteurs et les activités régulés –, la grande souplesse de gestion et de fonctionnement qui lui est reconnue peuvent être considérés comme confortant son indépendance.
Dépendance ou indépendance des agences de régulation brésiliennes ? Une contribution à l'étude de la légitimité des agences de régulation
Authors: Reis Tarcila 
Published: November 2012

Résumé Le but de ce travail est d’expliquer le contenu et la dynamique des justifications du pouvoir exercé par les agences de régulation au Brésil. L’article suggère que les agences de régulation jouissent d’une double légitimité : l’une dérivée du pouvoir politique et l’autre propre aux agences. À partir d’études de cas, il montre que la prise des décisions au sein des agences peut conduire à la fois à des formes de confrontation et à des formes conformation à l’égard de la volonté exprimée par les autorités politiques. Il constate que la prévalence effective du pouvoir politique au détriment des décisions prises à l’initiative des agences révèle que ces dernières sont, en fait, dépendantes. Enfin, il avance que la double source de légitimité des agences leur fournit la possibilité, lorsque ces deux sources se combinent et trouvent un point d’équilibre, de jouir d’une « super légitimité ».
Patients’ Characteristics Associated With Readmission to a Surgical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Timmers T. K. , Verhofstad M. H. J. , Moons K. G. M. , Leenen L. P. H. 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundReadmission within 48 hours is a leading performance indicator of the quality of care in an intensive care unit.ObjectiveTo investigate variables that might be associated with readmission to a surgical intensive care unit.MethodsDemographic characteristics, severity-of-illness scores, and survival rates were collected for all patients admitted to a surgical intensive care unit between 1995 and 2000. Long-term survival and quality of life were determined for patients who were readmitted within 30 days after discharge from the unit. Quality of life was measured with the EuroQol-6D questionnaire. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to calculate the independent association of expected covariates.ResultsMean follow-up time was 8 years. Of the 1682 patients alive at discharge, 141 (8%) were readmitted. The main causes of readmission were respiratory decompensation (48%) and cardiac conditions (16%). Compared with the total sample, patients readmitted were older, mostly had vascular (39%) or gastrointestinal (26%) disease, and had significantly higher initial severity of illness (P = .003, .007) and significantly more comorbid conditions (P = .005). For all surgical classifications except general surgery, readmission was independently associated with type of admission and need for mechanical ventilation. Long-term mortality was higher among patients who were readmitted than among the total sample. Nevertheless, quality-of-life scores were the same for patients who were readmitted and patients who were not.ConclusionThe adverse effect of readmission to the intensive care unit on survival appears to be long-lasting, and predictors of readmission are scarce.
Diophantine Approximation for Certain
Algebraic Formal Power Series in Positive
Characteristic
Authors: Ayadi K. , Hbaib M. , Mahjoub F. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract.In this paper, we study rational approximations for certain algebraic power series over a finite field. We obtain results for irrational elements of strictly positive degree satisfying an equation of the typewhere (A, B, C) ∊ (𝔽q[X])2 × 𝔽*q [X]. In particular, under some conditions on the polynomials A, B and C, we will give well approximated elements satisfying this equation.
Evaluating the implementation of health coaching in a rural setting
Authors: Ervin Kaye E. , Jeffery Vivienne , Koschel Alison 
Published: November 2012

Objective: The aim of this project was to explore the barriers and enablers to implementation of staff training in Health Coaching, a model of care employed in primary care to facilitate client self management of chronic disease.Methods: Forty six staff from five rural community health settings were recruited to undertake training in Health Coaching. A simple post training quantitative evaluation was conducted by surveying staff five months post training. Results: There was a 68% response rate to the surveys. Only 50% of staff trained in Health Coaching reported implementing it into practice. Enabling factors to implementing the training were reported as peer and organisational support.Conclusion: Effective models of self management in chronic disease should not be aimed at staff training alone. This study suggests that implementation of new models of care requires a significant change in clinician practice which is not readily embraced by staff. Key words: chronic disease, early intervention, self management, staff training, training implementation.
Climate change and migration: an overview
Authors: Brown Oli , McLeman Robert 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

Climate change refers generally to persistent, identifiable change in the state of the climate in terms of average conditions and/or variability. Such changes may be stimulated by natural processes or through alteration of the composition of the atmosphere due to human activities such as energy use and forest clearance (also referred to as
anthropogenic climate change
). Widespread concern among physical scientists about the potential global impacts of anthropogenic climate change on sea level, land and sea ice, precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events first emerged in the 1980s.
International human rights norms on migrants
Authors: Lyon Beth 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThis essay provides an overview of binding international human rights treaty provisions that protect migrants. Explicitly or through interpretation, nearly every human rights convention protects migrants. Specialized instruments address the situation of migrant subcategories, including refugees and people at risk of torture and other abuse in their home countries, stateless persons, migrant workers, trafficked and smuggled migrants, child migrants, women migrants, and internally displaced persons (IDPs). Each of these specialized regimes reflects a different stage of international entrenchment, but the protections they enshrine remain urgently relevant to migrants and their countries of origin and destination.
Remittances and poverty alleviation in poor countries
Authors: Ratha Dilip 
Published: November 2012

AbstractRemittances sent by migrant workers to their families and friends provide the most tangible and least controversial link between migration and development. A discussion of the developmental impacts of remittances necessarily involves an understanding of migration that precedes remittances. Only 3 percent (about 200 million) of the world's population has migrated to another country; 97 percent of the population have not (United Nations 2010). This implies that migration cannot be a substitute for domestic development and job creation except in the case of very small countries. Of the small fraction of the population that has migrated, over 90 percent have done so for economic reasons, implying that migration is usually beneficial to the employer, the migrant worker, and to the sending and the receiving countries. It also implies that remittances, typically a fraction of a migrant worker's income, are not a “drain” on the host economy.
Social capital and labor‐market outcomes for immigrants
Authors: Lancee Bram 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSocial capital implies that people well equipped with social resources – in the sense of their network and the resources of others they can call upon – are more likely to succeed in attaining their goals (Flap & Völker 2004: 6). Although there is no commonly accepted definition, social capital is often described as the “investment and use of embedded resources in social relations for expected returns” (Lin 1999a: 30). Researchers have suggested that possessing social capital contributes to economic outcomes, such as access to the labor market (Granovetter 1995; Aguilera 2002), wages (Aguilera & Massey 2003; Aguilera 2003) or occupational status (Lin 1999b).
Dual‐Functional Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/MnO2 Nanoellipsoids for Enhancement of Neurite Outgrowth and Exocytosed Biomolecule Sensing in PC12 Cells
Authors: Kim Sojin , Oh Wan‐Kyu , Jeong Yoon Seon , Jang Jyongsik 
Published: November 2012

AbstractDual‐functional MnO2‐decorated poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT/MnO2) nanoellipsoids are fabricated for enhancement of neurite outgrowth during differentiation and real‐time monitoring of PC12 cells. The PEDOT nanoellipsoids are prepared by chemical oxidation polymerization in reverse microemulsion and the MnO2 domains on the surface of the PEDOT are formed by redox deposition. A PC12 cell is used as a model cell for neuronal differentiation. The morphology, differentiation efficiency, average neurite length, expression level of DMT1, phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and viability of PC12 cells upon the exposure of the PEDOT/MnO2 nanoellipsoids are examined. The PEDOT/MnO2 nanoellipsoids facilitate neurite outgrowth in proportion to the dose of the nanoellipsoids, and MnO2 domains play a pivotal role in facilitation effects on cell differentiation. The PEDOT/MnO2 nanoellipsoids represent low toxicity in the cells due to biocompatible PEDOT matrix. Moreover, the PEDOT/MnO2 nanoellipsoids are further applied as a transducer material for label‐free real‐time monitoring of PC12 cells. The exocytosed catecholamines from living cells are successfully detected. The dual‐functionalized PEDOT/MnO2 nanoellipsoids may be used in tissue engineering related to the development and monitoring of mammalian nervous systems.
Unexpected Propeller‐Like Hexakis(fluoren‐2‐yl)benzene Cores for Six‐Arm Star‐Shaped Oligofluorenes: Highly Efficient Deep‐Blue Fluorescent Emitters and Good Hole‐Transporting Materials
Authors: Zou Yang , Zou Jianhua , Ye Tengling , Li Hao , Yang Chuluo , Wu Hongbin , Ma Dongge , Qin Jingui , Cao Yong 
Published: November 2012

AbstractGrafting six fluorene units to a benzene ring generates a new highly twisted core of hexakis(fluoren‐2‐yl)benzene. Based on the new core, six‐arm star‐shaped oligofluorenes from the first generation T1 to third generation T3 are constructed. Their thermal, photophysical, and electrochemical properties are studied, and the relationship between the structures and properties is discussed. Simple double‐layer electroluminescence (EL) devices using T1–T3 as non‐doped solution‐processed emitters display deep‐blue emissions with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.17, 0.08) for T1, (0.16, 0.08) for T2, and (0.16, 0.07) for T3. These devices exhibit excellent performance, with maximum current efficiency of up to 5.4 cd A−1, and maximum external quantum efficiency of up to 6.8%, which is the highest efficiency for non‐doped solution‐processed deep‐blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on starburst oligofluorenes, and is even comparable with other solution‐processed deep‐blue fluorescent OLEDs. Furthermore, T2‐ and T3‐based devices show striking blue EL color stability independent of driving voltage. In addition, using T0–T3 as hole‐transporting materials, the devices of indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS)/T0–T3/tris(8‐hydroxyquinolinato)aluminium (Alq3)/LiF/Al achieve maximum current efficiencies of 5.51–6.62 cd A−1, which are among the highest for hole‐transporting materials in identical device structure.
Hot Spot‐Localized Artificial Antibodies for Label‐Free Plasmonic Biosensing
Authors: Abbas Abdennour , Tian Limei , Morrissey Jeremiah J. , Kharasch Evan D. , Singamaneni Srikanth 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe development of biomolecular imprinting over the last decade has raised promising perspectives in replacing natural antibodies with artificial antibodies. A significant number of reports have been dedicated to imprinting of organic and inorganic nanostructures, but very few were performed on nanomaterials with a transduction function. Herein, a relatively fast and efficient plasmonic hot spot‐localized surface imprinting of gold nanorods using reversible template immobilization and siloxane copolymerization is described. The technique enables a fine control of the imprinting process at the nanometer scale and provides a nanobiosensor with high selectivity and reusability. Proof of concept is established by the detection of neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker for acute kidney injury, using localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. The work represents a valuable step towards plasmonic nanobiosensors with synthetic antibodies for label‐free and cost‐efficient diagnostic assays. It is expected that this novel class of surface imprinted plasmonic nanomaterials will open up new possibilities in advancing biomedical applications of plasmonic nanostructures.
Enhanced Light‐Harvesting Capability of a Panchromatic Ru(II) Sensitizer Based on π‐Extended Terpyridine with a 4‐Methylstylryl Group for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Numata Youhei , Singh Surya Prakash , Islam Ashraful , Iwamura Munetaka , Imai Atsushi , Nozaki Koichi , Han Liyuan 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA novel Ru π‐expanded terpyridyl sensitizer, referred to as HIS‐2, is prepared based on the molecular design strategy of substitution with a moderately electron‐donating 4‐methylstyryl group onto the terpyridyl ligand. The HIS‐2 dye exhibits a slightly increased metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption at around 600 nm and an intense π–π* absorption in the UV region compared with a black dye. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) is distributed over the terpyridine and 4‐methylstyryl moieties, which enhances the light‐harvesting capability and is appropriate for smooth electron injection from the dye to the TiO2 conduction band. The incident photon‐to‐electricity conversion efficiency spectrum of HIS‐2 exhibits better photoresponse compared with black dye over the whole spectral region as a result of the extended π‐conjugation. A DSC device based on black dye gives a short‐circuit current (JSC) of 21.28 mA cm−2, open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.69 V, and fill factor (FF) of 0.72, in an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 10.5%. In contrast, an HIS‐2 based cell gives a higher JSC value of 23.07 mA cm−2 with VOC of 0.68 V, and FF of 0.71, and owing to the higher JSC value of HIS‐2, an improved η value of 11.1% is achieved.
Functionalized Silk Biomaterials for Wound Healing
Authors: Gil Eun Seok , Panilaitis Bruce , Bellas Evangelia , Kaplan David L. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractSilk protein‐biomaterial wound dressings with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and silver sulfadiazine were studied with a cutaneous excisional mouse wound model. Three different material designs and two different drug incorporation techniques were studied to compare wound healing responses. Material formats included silk films, lamellar porous silk films and electrospun silk nanofibers, each studied with the silk matrix alone and with drug loading or drug coatings on the silk matrices. Changes in wound size and histological assessments of wound tissues showed that the functionalized silk biomaterial wound dressings increased wound healing rate, including reepithelialization, dermis proliferation, collagen synthesis and reduced scar formation, when compared to air‐permeable Tegaderm tape (3M) (‐ control) and a commercial wound dressing, Tegaderm Hydrocolloid dressing (3M) (+ control). All silk biomaterials were effective for wound healing, while the lamellar porous films and electrospun nanofibers and the incorporation of EGF/silver sulfadiazine, via drug loading or coating, provided the most rapid wound healing responses. This systematic approach to evaluating functionalized silk biomaterial wound dressings demonstrates a useful strategy to select formulations for further study towards new treatment options for chronic wounds.