bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Validity of the β-Plane Approximation in the Dynamics and the Chaotic Advection of a Point Vortex Pair Model on a Rotating Sphere
Authors: Drótos Gábor , Tél Tamás 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The dynamics of modulated point vortex pairs is investigated on a rotating sphere, where modulation is chosen to reflect the conservation of angular momentum (potential vorticity). In this setting the authors point out a qualitative difference between the full spherical dynamics and the one obtained in a β-plane approximation. In particular, dipole trajectories starting at the same location evolve to completely different directions under these two treatments, despite the fact that the deviations from the initial latitude remain small. This is a strong indication for the mathematical inconsistency of the traditional β-plane approximation. At the same time, a consistently linearized set of equations of motion leads to trajectories agreeing with those obtained under the full spherical treatment. The β-plane advection patterns due to chaotic advection in the velocity field of finite-sized vortex pairs are also found to considerably deviate from those of the full spherical treatment, and quantities characterizing transport properties (e.g., the escape rate from a given region) strongly differ.
Optimal Ranking Regime Analysis of Intra- to Multidecadal U.S. Climate Variability. Part I: Temperature*
Authors: Mauget Steven A. , Cordero Eugene C. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The optimal ranking regime (ORR) method was used to identify intradecadal to multidecadal (IMD) time windows containing significant ranking sequences in U.S. climate division temperature data. The simplicity of the ORR procedure’s output—a time series’ most significant nonoverlapping periods of high or low rankings—makes it possible to graphically identify common temporal breakpoints and spatial patterns of IMD variability in the analyses of 102 climate division temperature series. This approach is also applied to annual Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) and Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) climate indices, a Northern Hemisphere annual temperature (NHT) series, and divisional annual and seasonal temperature data during 1896–2012. In addition, Pearson correlations are calculated between PDO, AMO, and NHT series and the divisional temperature series. Although PDO phase seems to be an important influence on spring temperatures in the northwestern United States, eastern temperature regimes in annual, winter, summer, and fall temperatures are more coincident with cool and warm phase AMO regimes. Annual AMO values also correlate significantly with summer temperatures along the Eastern Seaboard and fall temperatures in the U.S. Southwest. Given evidence of the abrupt onset of cold winter temperatures in the eastern United States during 1957/58, possible climate mechanisms associated with the cause and duration of the eastern U.S. warming hole period—identified here as a cool temperature regime occurring between the late 1950s and late 1980s—are discussed.
Serum ferritin level correlates with SLEDAI scores and renal involvement in SLE
Authors: Tripathy R , Panda A K , Das B K 
Published: September 2014

Introduction Ferritin is an acute-phase reactant that is elevated in various autoimmune disorders. Serum ferritin levels have been positively correlated with disease activity scores of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Further, enhanced levels of ferritin have also been reported in lupus nephritis. However, there are no reports from the Indian subcontinent. Methods Seventy-six female SLE patients, diagnosed on the basis of revised ACR criteria, and 50 healthy females, age matched from similar geographical areas, were enrolled in the present study. Serum levels of ferritin, IFN-α and IL-6 were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical, biochemical, serological and other markers of disease activity (C3, C4 and anti-dsDNA) were measured by standard laboratory procedure. Results Serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in SLE patients compared to healthy controls ( p < 0.0001). Ferritin levels positively correlated with SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) ( p = 0.001, r = 0.35), anti-dsDNA ( p = 0.001, r = 0.35), IFN-α ( p < 0.0001, r = 0.51) and IL-6 (p < 0.0001, r = 0.65) and negatively correlated with C3 ( p = 0.0006, r = −0.38) and C4 ( p = 0.01, r = −0.28). Interestingly, serum levels of ferritin were positively associated with proteinuria ( p = 0.001, r = 0.36), serum urea ( p = 0.0004, r = 0.39) and serum creatinine ( p = 0.0006, r = 0.38). Conclusion Serum ferritin is an excellent marker of disease activity and renal dysfunction in SLE.
The Brewsters
Authors: Rozmus Cathy L , Carlin Nathan , Polczynski Angela , Spike Jeffrey , Buday Richard 
Published: September 2014

Background: One of the barriers to interprofessional ethics education is a lack of resources that actively engage students in reflection on living an ethical professional life. This project implemented and evaluated an innovative resource for interprofessional ethics education. Objectives: The objective of this project was to create and evaluate an interprofessional learning activity on professionalism, clinical ethics, and research ethics. Design: The Brewsters is a choose-your-own-adventure novel that addresses professionalism, clinical ethics, and research ethics. For the pilot of the book, a pre-test/post-test design was used. Once implemented across campus, a post-test was used to evaluate student learning in addition to a student satisfaction survey. Participants and research context: A total of 755 students in six academic schools in a health science center completed the activity as part of orientation or in coursework. Ethical considerations: The project was approved as exempt by the university’s Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects. Findings: The pilot study with 112 students demonstrated a significant increase in student knowledge. The 755 students who participated in the project had relatively high knowledge scores on the post-test and evaluated the activity positively. Discussion: Students who read The Brewsters scored well on the post-test and had the highest scores on clinical ethics. Clinical ethics scores may indicate issues encountered in mass media. Conclusion: The Brewsters is an innovative resource for teaching interprofessional ethics and professionalism. Further work is needed to determine whether actual and long-term behavior is affected by the activity.
Growth Miracle and Slowdown in Mauritius Compared with Bangladesh: An Example of the Adding-up Problem among Developing Countries
Authors: Ramanayake Sanika Sulochani , Lee Keun 
Published: September 2014

Sustaining economic growth is an important issue for developing countries; some countries show growth spurts and collapse in a short time, and many are trapped by the so-called middle-income trap. Mauritius also boasted rapid growth during the 1980s and 1990s, the period marked as an African version of the East Asian miracle economy. After 2000, however, the Mauritian economy faced a significant growth slowdown. The earlier literature attributed its early success more to the ‘good’ institutions. Discarding the institution supremacy view, this article argues that export performance to generate hard currency is the most limiting factor for developing countries’ long-term growth. The recent export slowdown due to the loss of price competitiveness and the advent of new rivals indicates the limitation of the export growth based on the low-cost and low-value-added industries. This article will consider the case of Mauritius in combination with Bangladesh to reveal the nature of the so-called adding-up problem. We argue that this adding-up problem is one source of the persistence of middle-income trap because many developing countries are stuck in the trap by competing to beat lower wage rates in similar products. It is thus proven that the upgrade of pre-existing industries and the introduction of new industries are necessary to sustain economic growth. Thus, the article argues, export growth matters more than institutions and simple openness for a developing country.
Radiographic Study of the Fifth Metatarsal for Optimal Intramedullary Screw Fixation of Jones Fracture
Authors: Ochenjele George , Ho Bryant , Switaj Paul J. , Fuchs Daniel , Goyal Nitin , Kadakia Anish R. 
Published: September 2014

Background: Jones fractures occur in the relatively avascular metadiaphyseal junction of the fifth metatarsal (MT), which predisposes these fractures to delayed union and nonunion. Operative treatment with intramedullary (IM) screw fixation is recommended in certain cases. Incorrect screw selection can lead to refractures, nonunion, and cortical blowout fractures. A better understanding of the anatomy of the fifth MT could aid in preoperative planning, guide screw size selection, and minimize complications. Methods: We retrospectively identified foot computed tomographic (CT) scans of 119 patients that met inclusion criteria. Using interactive 3-dimensional (3-D) models, the following measurements were calculated: MT length, “straight segment length” (distance from the base of the MT to the shaft curvature), and canal diameter. Results: The diaphysis had a lateroplantar curvature where the medullary canal began to taper. The average straight segment length was 52 mm, and corresponded to 68% of the overall length of the MT from its proximal end. The medullary canal cross-section was elliptical rather than circular, with widest width in the sagittal plane and narrowest in coronal plane. The average coronal canal diameter at the isthmus was 5.0 mm. A coronal diameter greater than 4.5 mm at the isthmus was present in 81% of males and 74% of females. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first anatomic description of the fifth metatarsal based on 3-D imaging. Excessive screw length could be avoided by keeping screw length less than 68% of the length of the fifth metatarsal. A greater than 4.5 mm diameter screw might be needed to provide adequate fixation for most study patients since the isthmus of the medullary canal for most were greater than 4.5 mm. Clinical Relevance: Our results provide an improved understanding of the fifth metatarsal anatomy to guide screw diameter and length selection to maximize screw fixation and minimize complications.
High-Risk Anatomic Variables and Plaque Characteristics in Carotid Artery Stenting
Authors: Morgan Courtney E. , Lee Cheong J. , Chin Jason A. , Eskandari Mark K. , Morasch Mark D. , Rodriguez Heron E. , Helenowski Irene B. , Kibbe Melina R. 
Published: September 2014

Objectives: To determine anatomic and plaque-related risk factors for patients undergoing carotid artery stenting. Methods: A retrospective review of patients from a prospectively maintained database undergoing carotid artery stenting at our institution between 2001 and 2010 was performed. Preoperative imaging studies (ie, ultrasound, computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, and angiograms) were reviewed for specific anatomic criteria and plaque characteristics. Primary outcomes included 30-day stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Secondary outcomes included 30-day death and myocardial infarction (MI). Statistical significance was assumed for P = .05. Results: Imaging was reviewed for 381 carotid arteries in 375 patients. There were 14 (3.7%) perioperative neurologic events, which included 8 TIA and 6 strokes. Thirty-day mortality and MI were 0.5% and 0.75%, respectively. Degree of internal carotid artery stenosis was associated with primary outcomes ( P = .03), and the presence of arch calcification trended toward an increase in primary outcomes ( P = .07). However, arch type, ostial involvement, tandem lesions, and plaque calcification did not correlate with primary outcomes. Differences were noted between the sexes, with females having more common carotid artery tortuosity than males (34% vs 27%, P = .04). Females also had a trend toward more plaque calcification and more severe arch calcification than males. These differences did not translate to differences in perioperative neurologic events. Conclusion: Our data suggest that degree of internal carotid artery stenosis and aortic arch calcification may be associated with increased perioperative neurologic risk during carotid stenting, but arch type is not.
A register study of life events in young adults born to mothers with mild intellectual disability
Authors: Lindblad Ida , Billstedt Eva , Gillberg Christopher , Fernell Elisabeth 
Published: September 2014

Background: Young adults, born to population-representative mothers with intellectual disability (ID), were targeted for psychosocial/life event follow-up. Methods: The whole group originally comprised 42 individuals but 3 had died and 1 had moved abroad. The remaining 38 were approached and 10 consented to participate in an interview study. However, of the remaining 28, it was not possible to establish contact with 21 who were instead searched for in various official registers. Results: Most ( n = 18) individuals in the study group had been in contact with different authorities and clinics. Of the 21 individuals, 10 had contact with social services since childhood and 4 of these had been taken into care (foster family) and 6 had had contact families during childhood. One individual had been taken into a treatment centre and one grew up mainly with the father. Altogether 12 (57%) of 21 individuals did not grow up full-time with their biological mother. Twelve (57%) had major neurodevelopmental/neuropsychiatric conditions, including five with ID and seven with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Four individuals were registered within the Prison and Probation Service due to various types of crimes. Conclusion: Individuals born to mothers with ID in our study group were at high risk of adverse experiences and negative outcomes, such as increased childhood mortality, a relatively large proportion of children taken into care, high rates of ID and ADHD in the children and of criminality in young adulthood. Taken together with the results obtained in an in-depth interview study of those in the originally targeted sample with whom it was possible to obtain contact, the present findings suggest that it will be important to provide early support and longitudinal developmental follow-up in groups of children growing up with a mother with ID. Children in this situation appear to be at a number of risks, probably related both to hereditary factors and to social disadvantage.
Disruption of hSWI/SNF complexes in T cells by WAS mutations distinguishes X-linked thrombocytopenia from Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Authors: Sarkar Koustav , Sadhukhan Sanjoy , Han Seong-Su , Vyas Yatin M. 
Published: September 2014

Key PointshSWI/SNF requires WASp to remodel IFNG and TBX21 loci in T-helper (TH)1 cells. WAS-causing but not XLT-causing hot-spot mutations impair SWI/SNF-activity at TH1 gene promoters.
Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of traumatic articular cartilage defects: a comprehensive review
Authors: Bornes Troy D , Adesida Adetola B , Jomha Nadr M 
Published: September 2014

AbstractArticular cartilage has a limited capacity to repair following injury. Early intervention is required to prevent progression of focal traumatic chondral and osteochondral defects to advanced cartilage degeneration and osteoarthritis. Novel cell-based tissue engineering techniques have been proposed with the goal of resurfacing defects with bioengineered tissue that recapitulates the properties of hyaline cartilage and integrates into native tissue. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising strategy given the high proliferative capacity of MSCs and their potential to differentiate into cartilage-producing cells - chondrocytes. MSCs are historically harvested through bone marrow aspiration, which does not require invasive surgical intervention or cartilage extraction from other sites as required by other cell-based strategies. Biomaterial matrices are commonly used in conjunction with MSCs to aid cell delivery and support chondrogenic differentiation, functional extracellular matrix formation and three-dimensional tissue development. A number of specific transplantation protocols have successfully resurfaced articular cartilage in animals and humans to date. In the clinical literature, MSC-seeded scaffolds have filled a majority of defects with integrated hyaline-like cartilage repair tissue based on arthroscopic, histologic and imaging assessment. Positive functional outcomes have been reported at 12 to 48 months post-implantation, but future work is required to assess long-term outcomes with respect to other treatment modalities. Despite relatively positive outcomes, further investigation is required to establish a consensus on techniques for treatment of chondral and osteochondral defects with respect to cell source, isolation and expansion, implantation density, in vitro precultivation, and scaffold composition. This will allow for further optimization of MSC proliferation, chondrogenic differentiation, bioengineered cartilage integration, and clinical outcome.
‘… and I remember every single session!’ – on the usefulness of making reflective books as active note-taking
Authors: Gröppel-Wegener Alke , Williamson Sarah 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
This mainly visual essay attempts to give a glimpse of the potential reflective book-making has as note-taking through showcasing a variety of the artefacts produced during a number of Writing in Creative Practice workshops. It is interspersed with some of the quotations we use to put this activity into a larger context of making, thinking and reflective practice.
The ‘Creative Arts Patchwork Project’: An alternative to the academic essay
Authors: Cattaneo Jac 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The ‘Patchwork Project’ explored peer assessment and alternative submission of written work on Creative Arts degrees. Art and Design students often experience a tension between the experiential learning of their main subject disciplines and the formal academic outcomes required by their Contextual Studies (theoretical) modules. Their studio practice (e.g. making paintings in Fine Art, garments in Fashion Design or images in Photography), involves working alongside peers and participating in formative group critiques of work in progress. However, Contextual Studies modules have a different mode of pedagogic delivery (the lecture or seminar) and require written outcomes, composed in isolation. Creative Arts students thus often consider writing to be an unwelcome ‘bolt-on’ to their core activity of creative production. This article shows that Creative Arts students who share the stages of composition with each other are better able to engage with writing as a meaning-making process. The project modified R. Winter’s patchwork text model, originally established in Health contexts, to include visual and performative elements, such as an images analysis and a poster presentation. Instead of producing an essay at the end of a Contextual Studies module, a cohort of B.A. (Hons) Fine Art students wrote a number of short pieces of text to be discussed with peers before being redrafted for submission and assessment. The poster presentation patch developed previous investigations into holistic assessment for visual arts students. Participants in the ‘Creative Arts Patchwork Project’ claimed that using a poster to ‘stitch’ the patchwork learning together had helped their learning to ‘go deeper’. This article demonstrates that the combination of a patchwork approach, peer discussion and a strong visual element improved students’ analytical abilities and confidence in their writing voices. The ‘Patchwork Project’ proposes a new way to approach the academic essay on Creative Arts degrees.
Sketchbook postal exchange
Authors: Challis Sue 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
This is a personal account of the re-evaluation of an artists’ sketchbook project, which I made during a period of struggle to write an academic Ph.D. thesis in a way that would draw on my creative practice as an artist. The Ph.D. research (for submission January 2014) explores the evaluation of qualitative impact of creativity in community projects, through empirical field trials. Part of this has included the use and development of creative evaluation methods, and an exploration of the issues of interpretation of data which these raise. This article describes how the experience of participating in a Writing-PAD HEA seminar using collage, earlier this year, prompted me to re-examine the personal sketchbook project and make a useful connection between my arts practice and academic writing.
The artist book: Making as visual method
Authors: Kealy-Morris Elizabeth 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
This article considers how the act of making through embodied activity can enhance levels of knowledge of complex theoretical frameworks. W. G. Sebald’s use of narrative and image in The Emigrants (1993) to conjure up ghosts that reside in our memory of significant places influenced the development of a hand stitched artist book of collaged photographs taken on a final farewell walk. This article examines the journey undertaken to develop the book from the walk over two years ago to the recent binding of the spine and considers the tacit understanding of the theoretical concepts which developed into explicit knowledge through the making of the book.
Wing-words and frameways: Materializing the critical incident through poetic enquiry and reflective practice in doctoral supervision
Authors: Mansell Lisa 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The narratives and nomenclature which surround doctoral supervision reflect inherited metaphors of hierarchy. Traditional doctoral theses in the humanities show, in addition, a conservative adherence to certain modes of discourse which serve these inherited narratives that assume a certain fixedness in identity constructions of the ‘supervisor’ and ‘supervisee’, or the ‘supervisor’/’student’; worst of all, perhaps, the ‘master’/‘apprentice’ schema. This article uncovers an alternative approach to the supervisory relationship (via a methodology of poetic inquiry) which aims to dismantle inherited mythologies in the supervisory discourse and places the doctoral student and supervisor as co-collaborators in the act of supervision. Through poetic inquiry, critical incidents in reflective practice can be crystallized, deconstructed and reconstructed in new configurations that reflect more genuine dynamics in the relationship than those accommodated via the traditional models and schemas pertaining to supervisory discourse.
This article is a record of two workshops between a doctoral candidate and her supervisor and their effect on both the student’s reflection of her thesis and also the nature of PhD supervision itself. Techniques from poetics and ‘tactile academia’ formed the basis of the exercises and began a dialogue between supervisor and candidate, placing their texts in colloquy, for example, the poetic vignettes in this paper are the supervisor’s poetic inquiries, crystallized moments, in response to the candidate’s reflection. This exchange presents a more active reality of the supervisory relationship where a student can be simultaneously expert and novice, a supervisor a beginner and officiate, and both participants are co-creators.