bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methotrexate and a spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor cooperate to inhibit responses to peripheral blood B cells in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Coffey Greg , Betz Andreas , Graf Jonathan , Stephens Gillian , Hua Lin Pei , Imboden John , Sinha Uma 
Published: December 2013

AbstractBackgroundSelective disruption of the spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) represents a novel strategy to control B‐cell functional responses by inhibition of B‐cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling. PRT062607 (P505‐15) is a highly selective small molecule Syk inhibitor that potently suppresses B‐cell function in human and rodent blood, and reduces inflammation in rodent models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).AimsIn this study, we sought to determine the potency of Syk inhibition by PRT062607 in whole blood from RA patients, and elucidate covariates that affect the potency of immune‐regulation by this compound.Materials and MethodsWhole blood was collected from 30 patients diagnosed with RA as part of a single‐center outpatient study. Disease severity, serum protein markers of inflammation, and co‐medications were related to each other, and to PRT062607 activity in ex vivo Syk‐mediated immune function assays.ResultsWe report here that PRT062607 exhibited greater potency in suppressing BCR mediated B‐cell functional responses in whole blood from RA patients who received stable methotrexate (MTX) therapy. We demonstrate that the B‐cell functional response to BCR ligation is influenced by cytokines and JAK/STAT signaling.DiscussionMTX is a known cytokine modulating agent, and this mechanism may act in concert with PRT062607 to control B‐cell function.ConclusionThese data have important implications for the co‐administration of Syk inhibitors and MTX for the treatment of RA.
Dielectric and charge transport properties of the spin crossover complex [Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4)
Authors: Lefter Constantin , Gural'skiy Il'ya A. , Peng Haonan , Molnár Gábor , Salmon Lionel , Rotaru Aurelian , Bousseksou Azzedine , Demont Philippe 
Published: December 2013

AbstractSpin crossover compounds are considered to be a viable alternative for creating display, memory and switching devices due to the bistability of their magnetic, optical, mechanical and electrical properties. This Letter presents the study of the dielectric and transport properties of the [Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4) (Htrz = 1H‐1,2,4‐triazole) complex in a wide temperature and frequency range. Our results reveal a singular behavior of the dielectric modulus upon the spin transition in conjunction with the switching of the conductivity between the high spin and low spin states.magnified image(© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Simulatable and secure certificate‐based threshold signature without pairings
Authors: Wang Feng , Chang Chin‐Chen , Harn Lein 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTWe propose the notion and define the security model of a certificate‐based threshold signature. The model is a general model that allows both the master secret key and user secret keys to be determined and distributed to the corresponding participators. Furthermore, the model can be easily converted into an identity‐based (ID‐based) threshold signature model to solve the key escrow problem and can be converted into a certificateless threshold signature model. In addition, we propose a secure and efficient certificate‐based threshold signature scheme. Compared with previous ID‐based threshold signature and certificateless threshold signature, our scheme requires no computation of pairings and no trusted dealer. In addition, in our proposed scheme, unlike most schemes that require all members to jointly generate a certificate or a signature, it only requires t or more than t members to generate a certificate or a signature. Our proposed scheme can detect dishonest participants as well. Therefore, our scheme is more practical than existing schemes. We show that our scheme is existentially unforgeable against adaptive chosen message attacks under the discrete logarithm assumption. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Challenges and opportunities for software change request repositories: a systematic mapping study
Authors: Cavalcanti Yguaratã Cerqueira , da Mota Silveira Neto Paulo Anselmo , Machado Ivan do Carmo , Vale Tassio Ferreira , de Almeida Eduardo Santana , Meira Silvio Romero de Lemos 
Published: December 2013

ABSTRACTSoftware maintenance starts as soon as the first artifacts are delivered and is essential for the success of the software. However, keeping maintenance activities and their related artifacts on track comes at a high cost. In this respect, change request (CR) repositories are fundamental in software maintenance. They facilitate the management of CRs and are also the central point to coordinate activities and communication among stakeholders. However, the benefits of CR repositories do not come without issues, and commonly occurring ones should be dealt with, such as the following: duplicate CRs, the large number of CRs to assign, or poorly described CRs. Such issues have led researchers to an increased interest in investigating CR repositories, by considering different aspects of software development and CR management. In this paper, we performed a systematic mapping study to characterize this research field. We analyzed 142 studies, which we classified in two ways. First, we classified the studies into different topics and grouped them into two dimensions: challenges and opportunities. Second, the challenge topics were classified in accordance with an existing taxonomy for information retrieval models. In addition, we investigated tools and services for CR management, to understand whether and how they addressed the topics identified. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Temporal change in the spatial genetic structure of a sika deer population with an expanding distribution range over a 15‐year period
Authors: Ou Wei , Takekawa Satomi , Yamada Toshiya , Terada Chisato , Uno Hiroyuki , Nagata Junco , Masuda Ryuichi , Kaji Koichi , Saitoh Takashi 
Published: December 2013

AbstractSince the 1980s, the sika deer (Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838) population of Hokkaido, Japan, has grown, resulting in range expansion. To assess the effects of this range expansion on the spatial genetic structure of the population, we compared subpopulation structures during 2 different periods (168 samples for 1991–1996, and 169 samples for 2008–2010), using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA; D‐loop) and microsatellites (9 loci). The number of gene‐based subpopulations decreased across the 15‐year period; specifically from four to three subpopulations based on mtDNA, and from two to one subpopulation based on microsatellite DNA. The fusion of the two northern subpopulations caused the change to the mtDNA‐based structure, which might be explained by the dispersal of females from higher to lower density subpopulations. In comparison, the reason for the change in the microsatellite DNA‐based structure was unclear, because no significant genetic differentiation was observed between the two study periods. A stable mtDNA‐based structure was maintained in the north and central population separated by a west‐to‐east boundary, while a north‐to‐south boundary in eastern Hokkaido maintained stability in the eastern subpopulation versus all other subpopulations. The findings of this study demonstrate the importance of understanding gene flow within a structured population to implement effective management efforts; for instance, the culling of one subpopulation might not affect an adjacent subpopulation, because deer movement is limited between the subpopulations.
Microbial genome mining for accelerated natural products discovery: is a renaissance in the making?
Authors: Bachmann Brian O , Van Lanen Steven G , Baltz Richard H 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Microbial genome mining is a rapidly developing approach to discover new and novel secondary metabolites for drug discovery. Many advances have been made in the past decade to facilitate genome mining, and these are reviewed in this Special Issue of the Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. In this Introductory Review, we discuss the concept of genome mining and why it is important for the revitalization of natural product discovery; what microbes show the most promise for focused genome mining; how microbial genomes can be mined; how genome mining can be leveraged with other technologies; how progress on genome mining can be accelerated; and who should fund future progress in this promising field. We direct interested readers to more focused reviews on the individual topics in this Special Issue for more detailed summaries on the current state-of-the-art.
Emulsifying Properties of Lecithin Containing Different Fatty Acids Obtained by Immobilized Lecitase Ultra‐Catalyzed Reaction
Authors: Gan Lu‐Jing , Wang Xiang‐Yu , Yang Dan , Zhang Hua , Shin Jung‐Ah , Hong Soon‐Taek , Park Sang Hyun , Lee Ki‐Teak 
Published: December 2013

AbstractLecitase Ultra and 6 triacylglycerol lipases (lipases PS, M, AH, AY, R, and AK) were immobilized on Amberlite XAD 7HP and used to catalyze the acidolysis reaction between lecithin and capric acid (C10:0) for comparison. The highest molar incorporation value (51.0 mol%) was observed for the immobilized Lecitase Ultra. Further, immobilized Lecitase Ultra was selected for catalyzing acidolysis between lecithin and fatty acids with different chain lengths (C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C12:0, and C14:0). After reaction, free fatty acids were removed by SPE and the resultant was called modified lecithin fraction 1 (MLF1). The highest molar incorporation value was obtained for C10:0 (51.0 mol%) at 45 °C with a mole ratio of 10/1 (C10:0/lecithin) for 72 h. After removal of lysophosphatidylcholine by solid‐phase extraction from MLF1, the resultant modified lecithin fraction 2 (MLF2) was used to prepare an oil‐in‐water emulsion. All emulsions prepared with MLF2 exhibited significantly higher emulsion stability (ES) values (16.2–17.7) and smaller particle sizes (d32 0.40–0.49 μm, d43 0.75–1.01 μm) than the emulsion prepared with unmodified lecithin (ES 14.1, d32 0.76 μm, d43, 1.26 μm) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, less clarification and droplet aggregation were observed in emulsions prepared with MLF2 than in lecithin‐based emulsions. Overall, the MLF2s showed better emulsifying properties than lecithin.
Daily life impairments associated with self-reported childhood/adolescent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and experiences of diagnosis and treatment: Results from the European Lifetime Impairment Survey
Authors: Caci H. , Doepfner M. , Asherson P. , Donfrancesco R. , Faraone S.V. , Hervas A. , Fitzgerald M. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe Lifetime Impairment Survey assessed impairment and symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children/adolescents from six European countries. Parents/caregivers of children/adolescents aged < 20 years with ADHD (ADHD group; n = 535) and without ADHD (control group; n = 424) participated in an online survey. History of ADHD diagnosis was self-reported. ADHD and control groups were compared using impairment and symptom scales; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Mean (SD) age at ADHD diagnosis was 7.0 (2.8) years, following consultation of 2.7 (2.6) doctors over 20.4 (23.9) months. Parents/caregivers (64%; 344/535) reported frustration with some aspect of the diagnostic procedure; 74% (222/298) were satisfied with their child's current medication. ADHD had a negative impact on children/adolescents in all aspects of life investigated. The ADHD group had a higher mean (SD) school impairment score (2.7 [0.7]) compared with the control group (2.1 [0.7]; P < 0.001) and were more likely to be in the bottom of their class (P < 0.001). These data provide insights into impairments associated with ADHD in childhood/adolescence, and identify areas for improvement in its management and treatment.
Improving Public Health Preparedness Capacity Measurement: Development of the Local Health Department Preparedness Capacities Assessment Survey
Authors: Davis Mary V. , Mays Glen P. , Bellamy James , Bevc Christine A. , Marti Cammie 
Published: December 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo address limitations in measuring the preparedness capacities of health departments, we developed and tested the Local Health Department Preparedness Capacities Assessment Survey (PCAS).MethodsPreexisting instruments and a modified 4-cycle Delphi panel process were used to select instrument items. Pilot test data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis. Kappa statistics were calculated to examine rater agreement within items. The final instrument was fielded with 85 North Carolina health departments and a national matched comparison group of 248 health departments.ResultsFactor analysis identified 8 initial domains: communications, surveillance and investigation, plans and protocols, workforce and volunteers, legal infrastructure, incident command, exercises and events, and corrective action. Kappa statistics and z scores indicated substantial to moderate agreement among respondents in 7 domains. Cronbach α coefficients ranged from 0.605 for legal infrastructure to 0.929 for corrective action. Mean scores and standard deviations were also calculated for each domain and ranged from 0.41 to 0.72, indicating sufficient variation in the sample to detect changes over time.ConclusionThe PCAS is a useful tool to determine how well health departments are performing on preparedness measures and identify opportunities for future preparedness improvements. Future survey implementation will incorporate recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Health Preparedness Capabilities: National Standards for State and Local Planning. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:578–584)
Effects of low dietary aflatoxin B1 on broiler liver concentration without and with Mycosorb® toxin binder
Authors: Moran C.A. , Apajalahti J. , Yiannikouris A. , Ojanperä S. , Kettunen H. 
Published: December 2013

SummaryA pilot study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of hepatic aflatoxin (AFB1) concentration as a biomarker to assess the in vivo efficacy of a mycotoxin binder in poultry when AFB1 dietary concentrations are low. Diets containing low doses of AFB1 without or with Mycosorb® (MTB), a mycotoxin binder, were fed to broilers from 7 to 21 days of age. The accumulation of AFB1 in liver was measured by high performance liquid chromatography with a detection limit of 5 ng/kg liver. In response to 10 and 50 µg AFB1/kg feed, hepatic AFB1 accumulation was 27 and 145 ng AFB1/kg liver, respectively. At each dietary concentration of AFB1, the inclusion of 5 g MTB/kg of feed reduced (P < 0.1 for 10 μg AFB1/kg feed and P < 0.05 for 50 μg AFB1/kg feed) hepatic AFB1 accumulation by at least 50%. These results suggest that hepatic AFB1 concentration is a suitable biomarker for evaluating mycotoxin binder efficacy in poultry fed the EU maximum dietary concentration of 10 µg of AFB1/kg feed.
Flow instabilities in the wide-gap spherical Couette system
Authors: Wicht Johannes 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe spherical Couette system is a spherical shell filled with a viscous fluid. Flows are driven by the differential rotation between the inner and the outer boundary that rotate with $\Omega $ and $\Omega + \mathrm{\Delta} \Omega $ about a common axis. This setup has been proposed for second-generation dynamo experiments. We numerically explore the different instabilities emerging for rotation rates up to $\Omega = (1/ 3)\times 1{0}^{7} $, venturing also into the nonlinear regime where oscillatory and chaotic solutions are found. The results provide a comprehensive overview of the possible flow regimes. For low values of $\Omega $ viscosity dominates and an equatorial jet in meridional circulation and zonal flow develops that becomes unstable as the differential rotation is increased beyond a critical value. For intermediate $\Omega $ and an inner boundary rotating slower than the outer one, new double-roll and helical instabilities are found. For large $\Omega $ values Coriolis effects enforce a nearly two-dimensional fundamental flow where a Stewartson shear layer develops at the tangent cylinder. This shear layer is the source of nearly geostrophic non-axisymmetric instabilities that resemble columnar Rossby modes. At first, the instabilities differ significantly depending on whether the inner boundary rotates faster $( \mathrm{\Delta} \Omega \gt 0)$ or slower $( \mathrm{\Delta} \Omega \lt 0)$ than the outer one. For very large outer boundary rotation rates, however, both instabilities once more become comparable. Fast inertial waves similar to those observed in recent spherical Couette experiments prevail for larger $\Omega $ values and $ \mathrm{\Delta} \Omega \lt 0$ in when $ \mathrm{\Delta} \Omega $ and $\Omega $ are of comparable magnitude. For larger differential rotations $ \mathrm{\Delta} \Omega \gg \Omega $, however, the equatorial jet instability always takes over.
Trapped waves on jet currents: asymptotic modal approach
Authors: Shrira Victor I. , Slunyaev Alexey V. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractAn asymptotic theory of surface waves trapped on vertically uniform jet currents is developed as a first step towards a systematic description of wave dynamics on oceanic jet currents. It has been shown that in a linear setting an asymptotic separation of vertical and horizontal variables, which underpins the modal description of the wave field on currents, is possible if either the current velocity is small compared to the wave celerity or the current width is large compared to the wavelength along the current. The scheme developed enables us to obtain solutions as an asymptotic series with any desired accuracy. The initially three-dimensional problem is reduced to solving one-dimensional equations with the lateral and vertical dependence being prescribed by the corresponding modal structure. To leading order in current magnitude to wave celerity, the boundary value problem specifying the modes and eigenvalues reduces to classical Sturm–Liouville type based upon the one-dimensional stationary Schrödinger equation. The modes, both trapped and ‘passing-through’, form a complete orthogonal set. This makes the modal description of waves on currents a mathematically attractive alternative to the approaches currently adopted. Properties of trapped eigenmodes and their dispersion relations are examined both for broad currents of arbitrary magnitude, where the modes are not orthogonal, and for weak currents, where the modes are orthogonal. Several model profiles for which nice analytical solutions of the leading-order boundary value problem are known were used to get an insight. The asymptotic solutions proved not only to capture qualitative behaviour well but also to provide a good quantitative description even for unrealistically strong and narrow currents. The results are discussed for various oceanic currents, with particular attention paid to the Agulhas Current, for which specific estimates were derived. For typical dominant wind waves and swell, all oceanic-jet-type currents are weak and, correspondingly, the developed asymptotic scheme based upon one-dimensional stationary Schrödinger equation for modes applies.
Scaling the propulsive performance of heaving flexible panels
Authors: Quinn Daniel B. , Lauder George V. , Smits Alexander J. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe present an experimental investigation of flexible panels actuated with heave oscillations at their leading edge. Results are presented from kinematic video analysis, particle image velocimetry, and direct force measurements. Both the trailing edge amplitude and the mode shapes of the panel are found to scale with dimensionless parameters originating from the Euler–Bernoulli beam equation. The time-averaged net thrust increases with heaving frequency, but experiences localized boosts near resonant frequencies where the trailing edge amplitude is maximized. These boosts correspond to local maxima in the propulsive efficiency. For a constant heave amplitude, the time-averaged net thrust coefficient is shown to be a function of Strouhal number over a wide range of conditions. It appears, therefore, that self-propelled swimming (zero net thrust) only occurs over a small range of Strouhal numbers. Under these near-constant Strouhal number conditions, the propulsive economy increases with higher flexibilities and slower swimming speeds.
Oral intake of heat-killedLactobacillus plantarumL-137 decreases the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection in healthy subjects with high levels of psychological stress
Authors: Hirose Yoshitaka , Yamamoto Yoshihiro , Yoshikai Yasunobu , Murosaki Shinji 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe immunomodulatory effects of live or non-viable lactic acid bacteria have been extensively investigated. We reported that oral intake of heat-killedLactobacillus plantarumL-137 (HK L-137) augmented innate and acquired immunity in mice and human subjects. To examine the effects of HK L-137 intake on upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) symptoms and immune functions in human subjects, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study was conducted in subjects with high psychological stress levels. A total of seventy-eight healthy subjects (thirty-three men and forty-five women; mean age 50·6 years) with scores of >41 on eighteen-item subscales of psychological distress in the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire were randomly assigned to receive a tablet containing HK L-137 (10 mg) or a placebo tablet daily for 12 weeks. The URTI symptoms were rated once daily on the validated twenty-one-item Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey-21. Immune functions, such as concanavalin A-induced proliferation and percentages of interferon (IFN)-γ- and IL-4-producing CD4 T cells of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and serum IFN-β concentrations were measured every 4 weeks. URTI incidence was significantly lower in the HK L-137 group than in the control group. URTI incidence, duration and severity, and duration of medication showed significant negative correlations with duration of HK L-137 intake. The percentage change from baseline of concanavalin A-induced proliferation of PBMC was significantly greater in the HK L-137 group than in the control group. These findings suggest that daily HK L-137 intake can decrease URTI incidence in healthy subjects, possibly through augmentation of immune functions.