bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeated Systemic Administrations of Both Aminobisphosphonates and Human Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells Efficiently Control Tumor Development In Vivo
Authors: Santolaria Thibault , Robard Myriam , Léger Alexandra , Catros Véronique , Bonneville Marc , Scotet Emmanuel 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Peripheral Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes compose a major γδ T cell subset in primates with broad reactivity against tumor cells. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are specifically activated by phosphorylated isoprenoid pathway metabolites called “phosphoagonists.” Accordingly, pharmacologic inhibitors of the mevalonate pathway, such as aminobisphosphonates (NBP) that upregulate the intracellular production of phosphoagonists, increase antitumor Vγ9Vδ2 T cell responses. Immunotherapeutic protocols exploiting GMP-grade agonist molecules targeting human Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes have yielded promising, yet limited, signs of antitumor efficacy and therefore need to be improved for next-generation immunotherapies. In this study, we used a model of s.c. human tumor xenografts in severely immunodeficient mice to assess the antitumor efficacy of systemic NBP treatments when combined with the adoptive transfer of human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. We show that infusion of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, 24 h after systemic NBP treatment, efficiently delays tumor growth in mice. Importantly, our results indicate efficient but transient in vivo NBP-induced sensitization of tumor cells to human Vγ9Vδ2–T cell recognition. Accordingly, repeated and combined administrations of both NBP and γδ T cells yielded improved antitumor responses in vivo. Because Vγ9Vδ2 T cells show similar responsiveness toward both autologous and allogeneic tumors and are devoid of alloreactivity, these results provide preclinical proof of concept for optimized antitumor immunotherapies combining NBP treatment and adoptive transfer of allogeneic human γδ T cells.
The Polish Duel and Its Last Apologia: Władysław Boziewicz’s Polski kodeks honorowy (The Polish Code of Honor)
Authors: Swan Oscar 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The "code of honor" as most people know it is a set of assumptions and expectations about what a person is entitled–indeed, is obliged by social custom–to do when "insulted" in order to preserve his personal self-respect and public dignity. In a word, to defend his "honor"–leading in more serious instances (nowadays, mostly in novels and films) to challenging one’s offender to a duel. However, few in our time would know how to stage a duel if called upon to do so. The Polski kodeks honorowy [Polish code of honor], a slim volume (suitable, say, for tucking into one’s weapons case) by Władysław Boziewicz (1886-1946), is the last and by far the best-written formal codification of the system of dueling growing out of centuries of practice on the territory of Poland. Like almost no other, it is a work that needs to be examined in the context of the country and of the times in which the author lived, that is, interwar Poland.
Exemple de pratique de gestion de la diversité à la française : réalité, opportunité et aliénation
Authors: Marbot Eléonore , Nivet Brigitte 
Published: July 2013

Depuis une décennie, les entreprises mettent en oeuvre des pratiques de diversité. La célébration de la diversité envahit toutes les sphères sociétales en faisant évoluer la notion et les pratiques de gestion de la diversité « à la française » : L’égalité républicaine reconnaît la diversité mais par abstraction de toutes les différences (Renaut, 2009) et se transforme en une injonction paradoxale, valoriser les différences et ne pas les prendre en compte. Cette contribution est une réflexion sur l’émergence de cette notion de diversité comme principe de gestion dans les organisations à travers un inventaire des pratiques de gestion et leur analyse et au regard de la conception républicaine de l’égalité.
Towards the Construction of a Personal Professional Pathway: An Experimental Project for the Recognition of Non-Formal and Informal Learning in the University of Catania
Authors: Piazza Roberta 
Published: July 2013

In Italy, accreditation of prior learning is a sensitive issue. Despite the lack of laws or qualification frameworks regulating the recognition of non-formal and informal learning, most Italian universities proceed with caution, allowing only a restricted number of credits in the university curriculum related to practical activities or to external internships. The Faculty of Education of the University of Catania, partner in a Leonardo da Vinci project (2008–2010) regarding university placement services, has created an e-learning course for self-evaluation of non-formal and informal learning. The course, aimed at students attending their final year of a first level degree, has been set up as a support activity for students with low possibilities of entering the job market and not used to making the most of their learning experiences, especially if related to non-formal and informal settings. Ninety percent of these students are women from a low socio-cultural background with little experience or other qualifications. To date, modules have offered students useful tools to increase personal awareness in careers guidance, since the University of Catania cannot offer its students alternative opportunities.
The Clinical and Forensic Value of Information that Children Report While Drawing
Authors: Macleod Emily , Gross Julien , Hayne Harlene 
Published: July 2013

SummaryDrawing is commonly used in clinical interviews to help children talk about their experiences. Research has shown that drawing increases the amount of information that children report about some emotional experiences. Here, we aimed to investigate the use of drawing in interviews about other, clinically relevant emotions, and the clinical and forensic relevance of the information that children report while drawing. To do this, sixty 5‐ to 6‐ and 11‐ to 12‐year‐olds drew and told, or told, about prior experiences that had made them feel happy, angry, proud (confident), and worried (nervous). For all emotions, drawing and telling increased the amount of forensically relevant, episodic details (e.g., who was there and what happened) that children reported relative to telling alone. In contrast, drawing and telling did not alter the amount of information that children reported about clinically relevant details (e.g., thoughts and emotions). We discuss the implications of these findings for using drawing in interviews with children. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gadolinium‐Functionalized Aggregation‐Induced Emission Dots as Dual‐Modality Probes for Cancer Metastasis Study
Authors: Li Kai , Ding Dan , Prashant Chandrasekharan , Qin Wei , Yang Chang‐Tong , Tang Ben Zhong , Liu Bin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractUnderstanding the localization and engraftment of tumor cells at postintravasation stage of metastasis is of high importance in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Advanced fluorescent probes and facile methodologies for cell tracing play a key role in metastasis studies. In this work, we design and synthesize a dual‐modality imaging dots with both optical and magnetic contrast through integration of a magnetic resonance imaging reagent, gadolinium(III), into a novel long‐term cell tracing probe with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) in far‐red/near‐infrared region. The obtained fluorescent‐magnetic AIE dots have both high fluorescence quantum yield (25%) and T1 relaxivity (7.91 mM−1 s−1) in aqueous suspension. After further conjugation with a cell membrane penetrating peptide, the dual‐modality dots can be efficiently internalized into living cells. The gadolinium(III) allows accurate quantification of biodistribution of cancer cells via intraveneous injection, while the high fluorescence provides engraftment information of cells at single cellular level. The dual‐modality AIE dots show obvious synergistic advantages over either single imaging modality and hold great promises in advanced biomedical studies.
A compound heterozygote SLC26A2 mutation resulting in robin sequence, mild limbs shortness, accelerated carpal ossification, and multiple epiphysial dysplasia in two Brazilian sisters. A new intermediate phenotype between diastrophic dysplasia and recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
Authors: Zechi‐Ceide Roseli Maria , Moura Priscila Padilha , Raskin Salmo , Richieri‐Costa Antonio , Guion‐Almeida Maria Leine 
Published: July 2013

AbstractMutations in solute carrier family 26 (sulfate transporter), member 2 (SLC26A2) gene result in a spectrum of autosomal recessive chondrodysplasias that range from the mildest recessive form of multiple epiphysial dysplasia (rMED) through the most common diastrophic dysplasia (DTD) to lethal atelosteogenesis type II and achondrogenesis IB. The clinical variability has been ascribed to quantitative effect of mutations of the sulfate transporter activity. Here we describe two Brazilian sisters, born to healthy and non consanguineous parents, with Robin sequence, mild shortening of upper and lower limbs, brachymetacarpalia/tarsalia, additional and accelerated carpal ossification, marked genu valgum, and multiple epiphysial dysplasia. This phenotype was intermediate between DTD and rMED, and both girls have a compound heterozygous mutations for the SLC26A2, a Finnish founder mutation (c.−26 + 2T>C), and R279W. This combination of mutations has been observed in individuals with different phenotypes, including DTD, DTD variant, and rMED. The distinct phenotype of our cases reinforces the hypothesis that other factors may be influencing the phenotype as previously suggested. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simple Proline‐Derived Phosphine‐Thiazole Iridium Complexes for Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Trisubstituted Olefins
Authors: Yotapan Nattawut , Paptchikhine Alexander , Bera Milan , Avula Satya Kumar , Vilaivan Tirayut , Andersson Pher G. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractProline‐based phosphine‐thiazole/imidazole ligands have been synthesized and successfully applied in the homogeneous, iridium‐catalyzed, asymmetric hydrogenation of trisubstituted functionalized and unfunctionalized olefins. Five different sets of ligands were prepared then evaluated for their catalytic activity and enantioselectivity in asymmetric hydrogenation.
Surgical management of chronic rhinosinusitis in cystic fibrosis: a systematic review
Authors: Liang Jonathan , Higgins Thomas S. , Ishman Stacey L. , Boss Emily F. , Benke James R. , Lin Sandra Y. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundThe objective of this work was to systematically review literature on the effectiveness of surgical management for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.MethodsWe performed a literature search encompassing the last 25 years in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL. Inclusion criteria included English language papers containing original data, more than 6 subjects, and measurable clinical outcomes. Data was systematically collected on study design, patient demographics, clinical characteristics and outcomes, and level‐of‐evidence. Two investigators independently reviewed all manuscripts. A quality assessment of the included studies was performed.ResultsThe initial search yielded 416 abstracts, of which 24 articles met inclusion criteria, detailing 680 adult and pediatric CF patients who underwent surgical therapy. Surgical treatment included primarily endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) (22/24). Outcome measures included sinonasal symptoms (14/24), endoscopic findings (8/24), pulmonary function testing (8/24), recurrence or revision surgery (5/24), hospitalization (4/24), need for antibiotic therapy (2/24), radiographic findings (2/24), and pulmonary exacerbations (1/24). The level‐of‐evidence was predominantly Level 4 (21/24); there were no Level 1 evidence studies. Most studies found improvement in symptom measures and endoscopic findings but no improvement in lower airway function after surgical therapy. Postoperative measures of the other outcomes were inconclusive or inconsistent.ConclusionFor adult and pediatric CF sinusitis, ESS yielded clinical improvement as measured primarily by sinonasal symptoms and endoscopic findings. It is unclear if surgical intervention modifies lower airway disease. Future prospective studies with predetermined, objective, and validated outcome measures are needed to determine the effectiveness of surgical intervention for CF‐related CRS. Overall evidence Grade B/C.
Aggregation of neurologic and neuropsychiatric disease in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis kindreds: A population‐based case–control cohort study of familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Byrne Susan , Heverin Mark , Elamin Marwa , Bede Peter , Lynch Catherine , Kenna Kevin , MacLaughlin Russell , Walsh Cathal , Al Chalabi Ammar , Hardiman Orla 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is associated with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) in 14% of cases. Five percent report a family history of ALS, and other ALS patients report a family history of other neurodegenerative diseases. The objective of this study was to conduct a family aggregation study of ALS, and neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions in ALS kindreds and matched healthy controls. The aim was to determine the true rate of familial ALS and the recurrence risk of ALS in family members, and to identify kindreds with increased aggregation of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disease in the context of the recently described expanded hexanucleotide repeat in C9orf72.MethodsA prospective, population‐based, case–control family aggregation study was conducted. Family history information was collected through questionnaires and interviews from ALS patients and matched controls. Cause of death was verified with death certification. The recurrence rate of ALS and the risk in family members of other neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disease was calculated using the relative risk (lambda) and cumulative risk using Kaplan–Meier analysis.ResultsMedical histories from 9,684 first‐ and second‐degree relatives of 172 ALS probands and 192 controls were obtained. Cause of death was verified in 2,494 cases. Sixteen percent (n = 27) of ALS patients had a family history of ALS. The lifetime hazard ratio (HR) of developing ALS among first‐ and second‐degree relatives was 34.3 (p < 0.0001) in relatives of ALS patients with the C9orf72 repeat expansion, and 2.3 (p = 0.019) in relatives of ALS patients without the expansion. The relatives of ALS patients also had an increased HR of developing a psychotic illness (HR = 4.7, p = 0.004, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.6–12.3) and of suicide (HR = 5.6, p < 0.0001, 95% CI = 2.4–12.9)InterpretationThe true rate of familial ALS in Ireland is 16%. There is an overlap between ALS, FTD, and neuropsychiatric disease that is pronounced in kindreds with the C9orf72 repeat expansion, but is also present in kindreds of those without the C9orf72 expanded repeat. Ann Neurol 2013;74:699–708
Elevated Serum BAFF Levels Are Associated With Rising Anti–Double‐Stranded DNA Antibody Levels and Disease Flare Following B Cell Depletion Therapy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Carter Lucy M. , Isenberg David A. , Ehrenstein Michael R. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveTo determine whether serum BAFF levels correlate with relapse or remission in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) following B cell depletion therapy (BCDT) and to assess the relationship between serum BAFF levels, B cell numbers, and immunoglobulin and autoantibody levels during active disease, both before and after BCDT.MethodsThirty‐five patients with active SLE underwent BCDT with rituximab and were monitored for a minimum of 18 months, using clinical and serologic measures of disease activity. Serum BAFF was measured sequentially by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay before BCDT and during disease relapse or remission after B cell repopulation.ResultsSerum BAFF levels prior to BCDT correlated positively with the numbers of CD19+ B cells and with the levels of IgG and IgA. Following BCDT and subsequent B cell repopulation, BAFF levels were significantly higher during relapse, as compared with disease remission, and were significantly greater than at disease flare prior to BCDT. At the time of relapse after BCDT, serum BAFF levels were inversely correlated with B cell numbers, with flare at lower B cell numbers being associated with the highest BAFF levels. The correlations between serum BAFF levels and levels of IgG and IgA were lost following BCDT, but changes in serum BAFF levels correlated positively with changes in anti–double‐stranded DNA (anti‐dsDNA) antibody levels during relapse or remission after BCDT.ConclusionThe present findings suggest a significant role of BAFF in driving disease flare after B cell repopulation following BCDT. Sequential BCDT may promote ever‐increasing levels of BAFF, accompanied by rising anti‐dsDNA antibody levels and disease flare even at low B cell numbers. Therefore, our data justify the judicious use of BAFF blockade in a subgroup of lupus patients after BCDT.
Ethical Challenges in Rheumatology: A Survey of the American College of Rheumatology Membership
Authors: MacKenzie C. Ronald , Meltzer Michele , Kitsis Elizabeth A. , Mancuso Carol A. 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveDespite the frequency of ethical issues arising in patient care, ethical discourse in the rheumatology literature is negligible. To better understand the scope of ethical problems occurring in our specialty, the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Committee on Ethics and Conflict of Interest surveyed ACR members. Specific objectives of the survey were 1) to learn the perceived frequency of ethical issues in rheumatology, 2) to identify activities that pose ethical problems in rheumatologic practice, 3) to determine the extent of education on, and self‐perceived knowledge about, ethics among ACR members, and 4) to determine member interest in, and suggest content for, future ACR‐sponsored educational activities related to bioethics.MethodsThe survey included 12 non–open‐ended questions addressing 5 core areas: 1) ethical dilemmas in daily practice, 2) ethical concerns in basic and clinical research, 3) influence of industry, 4) ethics of regulatory policies, potential conflicts, and disclosure, and 5) personal education on and interest in ethics. Two open‐ended questions were also included, asking respondents to list the ethical issues most relevant to rheumatology and to provide any comments. Data analysis was descriptive.ResultsSeven hundred seventy‐one responses were received. Respondents believed that ethical issues arise most frequently in practice and in clinical research. The most common ethical issues cited were the high cost of treatment for patients (51% of respondents) and for society (48%), and the practice of defensive medicine (45%).ConclusionThe survey results suggest that ethical problems in rheumatology are of concern to the ACR membership. Further, there is a perceived need for educational programs targeted at helping members address such professional challenges.
Family resources and mid‐life level of education: a longitudinal study of the mediating influence of childhood parental involvement
Authors: von Otter Cecilia 
Published: July 2013

This paper draws on the concept of parental involvement, popular among educators and policy‐makers, in investigating differences in level of attained education by family background. The question is if parental involvement in children's schooling at age 14 acts as a mediator between family resources and mid‐life level of attained education. Using structural equation modeling we analyze longitudinal survey and register data of a Swedish metropolitan cohort born in 1953 (n = 3300). Several of the commonly used indicators of involvement are investigated, distinguishing between parents' involvement beliefs, such as educational aspirations and agreement with school curriculum, and involvement practices, such as reading children's schoolbooks and helping with homework. We find that parents' educational aspirations are an important mediator between family resources and attained level of education, while other involvement forms are related to academic performance only. We also find that parental involvement is greater in families with more resources, which leads us to warn against developments turning more responsibility for children's schooling over to parents. Unless sensitive to the diverse family contexts this might increase the importance of family resources for children's educational outcomes.
Flexible editing of human motion by three‐way decomposition
Authors: He Zhiying , Liang Xiaohui , Wang Jian , Zhao Qinping , Guo Chengyu 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a new generative model for flexible editing of human motion. Different from previous work, three intuitive factors of motion, namely, content, identity and style, can be manipulated directly with the new model. With the new generative model, motion editing can be achieved in various aspects, including transferring an unknown style from an actor to another, synthesizing other styles for an unknown actor and generating a new motion with other content. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influencing the care pathway for prisoners with acute mental illness
Authors: Forrester Andrew , Exworthy Tim , Chao Oriana , Slade Karen , Parrott Janet 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTBackgroundDespite improved mental health services in prisons in England and Wales, there are often delays in transferring acutely mentally ill prisoners to hospital, particularly in the London area.AimTo establish whether clinical pathway interventions can reduce such transfer delays.MethodsTwo clinical pathway interventions – one based in a medium secure forensic hospital and the other in a remand prison (pre‐trial/sentence) – were independently introduced to manage referrals of prisoners with acute mental illness in London, UK. Time taken to transfer to hospital was measured for each and compared with the best available estimates for time to transfer prior to the new pathways.ResultsBoth interventions produced significant reductions in prison to hospital transfer times.Conclusions/implications for practiseThe nature of the projects precluded ideal research design, but despite small sample sizes, provision of modestly funded small but dedicated elements of service to target the specified problem of transfer to hospital delays showed a significant advantage for such provision, whether hospital or prison based, psychiatrist or nurse led. Further research is now required to examine the whole pathway. More secure psychiatric beds may be required, at least in the short term, to support diversion policies and enable compliance with national policy directive, and to establish whether redesigned pathways can enhance treatment and behavioural outcomes for acutely mentally ill prisoners on a larger scale. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.