bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Cholecystectomy on Bile Reflux after One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass
Authors: Farzadmanesh Mohammad Javad , Shahsavan Masoumeh , Shahmiri Shahab Shahabi , Ghorbani Mahsa , Fathi Mohammad , Mehrnia Nariman , Pazouki Abdolreza , Kermansaravi Mohammad 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose Bile reflux (BR) is an issue after one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). Cholecystectomy can increase BR in patients without a history of metabolic and bariatric surgery. We aimed to evaluate the effect of cholecystectomy on BR after OAGB.
Methods This prospective observational study was conducted between March 2017 and December 2022 including 34 matched adult individuals with a body mass index ≥ 40 kg/m2 or ≥ 35 in the presence of comorbidities and gallstone disease in preop evaluations who underwent primary OAGB including 17 patients who had undergone cholecystectomy simultaneously or after OAGB (OAGB + LC) and 17 patients without cholecystectomy (OAGB). All patients underwent evaluations for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and bile reflux (BR) using various methods including esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), the GERD-Q questionnaire, and a hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan.
Results Thirty-four patients were included in this study. BR into the esophagus was not detected in both groups. BR to the gastric pouch was observed in 4 patients (23.5%) of the OAGB group and 6 patients (35.3%) of the OAGB + LC group (P = 0.452). BR to gastric remnant was observed in 6 patients (one and five patients in OAGB and OAGB + LC groups respectively) (P = 0.072). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups, although it was clinically significant.
Conclusion Cholecystectomy after OAGB is not associated with a change in the rate of BR in the gastric pouch but increases the incidence of BR into gastric remnant that may be harmful in the long term.
Implementation strategies and outcomes in the delivery of HIV test services (HTS) in community pharmacies in Nigeria
Authors: Oseni Yejide Olukemi , Erhun Wilson Oyekigho 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Studies have shown that training interventions do fail when proper strategies are not in place for their implementation. The study described the implementation strategies used in the delivery of the HIV test services and measured implementation outcomes in the delivery of the services.
Methods
The study was conducted between August and November 2019 among 50 selected community pharmacists in Oyo State, Nigeria using a mixed-method of quantitative and qualitative data survey design. The implementation strategies used in the delivery of HIV test services (HTS) and the activities performed during the HTS and outreaches were described while both observational and survey methods were used to collect data. Data collected were analysed and presented in the form of reports, and pictorial presentations, through texts and responses to open-ended questions. The results were triangulated to increase the credibility and validity of the research findings.
Results
Response rate was 90%. Out of 919 HIV tests conducted, 19 (2.1%) were positive. More females (51%) were tested than males (49%), and mostly within the age range of 20–49 years (77.2%). All the respondents conducted rapid HIV testing, pre-testing counselling (95.6%), post-testing counselling (88.9%), and provision of confidential test results (86.7%). Images taken during the delivery of HTS and researchers’ observations showed respondents' ability to perform the tests as intended and the ability to invite clients for the tests. Participants felt that rendering the services was an interesting experience, which made them happy, satisfied, and fulfilled. The services also allowed them to improve on their professional deliverables and practice, showcased the relevance of pharmacists in rendering HTS, creating awareness of the menace of HIV/AIDS, and helping people to stop the spread.
Conclusion
The study showed that HTS is acceptable, appropriate, feasible, and easy to adopt in community pharmacies and penetration was high. For sustainability, community pharmacists should be well remunerated, and need for established policy to include this scope in community pharmacy practice.
Improvements in Patient Safety Culture: A National Survey in a Private Healthcare Network in Brazil
Authors: Lima Helidea de Oliveira , Silva Leopoldo Muniz da , Abib Arthur de Campos Vieira , Tavares Leandro Reis , de Araújo Ana Cláudia Lopes Fernandes , Moreira Laise Pereira , Silveira Saullo Queiroz , Torres Vanessa de Melo Silva , Simões Deborah , Ho Anthony M.-H. , Mizubuti Glenio B. , Vieira Joaquim Edson 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background Enhancing security and dependability of health systems necessitates resource allocation, a well-defined infrastructure, and a steadfast commitment to ensuring its safety and stability over time. The aim of this study was to analyse the temporal trend of patient safety culture within a network of private hospitals in Brazil, while also evaluating the relationship between the safety culture and the hospital accreditation process.Methods We retrospectively analysed the temporal trend of patient safety culture within a network of Brazilian private hospitals, while also evaluating the relationship between safety culture and the hospital accreditation process/status. The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire was distributed to 71 hospitals between 2014–2022 with 259,268 responders. Hospitals were classified as accredited (AH) or non-accredited (NAH). A linear mixed-effects regression model was applied to fit the trend for the dimension score over time.Results Out of 12 dimensions analysed, 11 significantly improved, and one (“frequency of reported events”) remained unchanged over time (p = 0.84). Two dimensions had < 50% positive responses: “communication openness” (47.13% [38.19–58.73]) and “nonpunitive response to errors” (41.24% [34.13–51.98]). Safety culture improved among AHs across all, but “frequency of reported events” (p = 0.12), dimensions. Among NAHs, “frequency of reported events” decreased over time (p = 0.008) while other dimensions remained unchanged.Conclusion Overall, patient safety culture improved between 2014–2022. While accreditation has seemingly fostered a culture of safety over time, underreporting of adverse events among NAHs indicate missed opportunities for healthcare system improvement through adverse event analysis.
Non-verbal elements of rapport during endoscopic procedures - a video ethnographic study
Authors: Hoek Krista , Zweeden van Hannah , Velzen van Monique , Sarton Elise 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background The environment of the clinical setting of gastrointestinal endoscopy, the cognitive-affective communication of healthcare providers, and the ritual of administering treatments influence patients’ lived experiences. Modern medicine advocates patient-centered care (PCC), and effective therapeutic communication skills are increasingly recognized as essential for creating rapport between healthcare providers and their patients. Rapport can positively influence patient-reported outcomes. However, little is known about how healthcare providers establish rapport in a dynamic setting such as the endoscopy department. The aim of this study was to analyze the nonverbal tools used by healthcare providers working in the endoscopy department to create rapport.Methods We adopted an ethnographic phenomenological approach to study videotaped interactions of endoscopic procedures in a university hospital. Between May 2021 and June 2022, eight procedures were analyzed. The study included healthcare providers (sedation practitioners, endoscopists, and nurses) and patients involved in the endoscopic procedures. The main measures focused on nonverbal communication techniques such as body language as eye contact, gestures, physical touch, and body position.Results Healthcare providers employed nonverbal skills to create rapport, such as sustained eye contact, open postural body positions, physical touch like a soothing touch, and body lean. These elements are commonly seen as key components in one-on-one doctor-patient interactions and the establishment of rapport.Conclusions In conclusion, providing comfort and facilitating the management of emotions are crucial for establishing rapport with patients, whether in one-on-one doctor-patient interactions or within the dynamic endoscopic environment. Findings from this study may contribute to further research and programs aimed at enhancing and implementing therapeutic language and communication skills of healthcare providers in a broader setting.
Risk factors associated with leptomeningeal metastases after postoperative stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases
Authors: Crouzen Jeroen A. , Petoukhova Anna L. , Hakstege Martijn , Schaik Elise E.M.W. van , Tewarie Rishi D.S. Nandoe , Nabuurs Rob J.A. , Vos Maaike J. , Kerkhof Melissa , Vaart Thijs van der , Koekkoek Johan A.F. , Hagenbeek Rogier E. , Yildirim Fatih M. , Wiltink Lisette M. , Zyp Noëlle C.M.G. van der Voort van , Kiderlen Mandy , Broekman Marike L.D. , Mast Mirjam E. , Zindler Jaap D. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Neurosurgical resection is the standard treatment for large brain metastases (BMs). Perioperative tumor spill is an important complication which is theorized to contribute to leptomeningeal disease (LMD). Postoperative stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) is used to improve local control, but does not always prevent LMD. This study aims to identify patients at increased risk of developing LMD after postoperative SRT.
Methods:
We included 147 patients who underwent resection and SRT for BMs. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to assess associations of LMD with various patient characteristics.
Results:
Median survival after postoperative SRT was 14 months (IQR 6-30) with 3-year actuarial survival rate of 21%. LMD was diagnosed in 21/147 patients (14%; 3-year actuarial rate 26%). Patients with resected cerebellar metastases were more likely to develop LMD than those with cerebral metastases (HR 4.24, 95% CI 1.11-16.3, P = 0.035). Incidence of LMD for cerebellar metastases was 9/40 (23%; 3-year actuarial rate 46%) and 12/107 (11%; 3-year actuarial rate 17%) in cerebral metastases. Median survival after LMD diagnosis was 4 months.
Conclusion:
Patients with a resected cerebellar BM were at increased risk to develop LMD compared to patients with cerebral BMs. Survival after LMD was poor, highlighting the need for effective preventative strategies.
Effects of acute endurance exercise on heart rate variability in young males with different body mass index
Authors: Wang Yimin , He Zhenfang , Fan Biyuan , Liu Lu , Chi Aiping 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of acute endurance exercise on heart rate variability (HRV) in young males with different body mass index (BMI). 45 young males were selected as subjects, and they were divided into three groups according to the BMI: underweight (< 20.0 Kg/m2), normal weight (20.0-24.9 Kg/m2), overweight (25.0-29.9 Kg/m2). The subjects were tested on a treadmill (h/p/cosmos, Munich, Germany) using the Ellestad A protocol. HRV was recorded using the ActiGraph GT9-X+ (ActiGraph LLC, USA) for 5 min at two different time points, 5 min before and 5 min after exercise. HRV indicators were analyzed including SDNN (the standard deviation of all normal R-R intervals), HF (High Frequency Power), and LF (Low Frequency Power). There was no significant difference in each HRV indicator among the three groups at rest. Three groups experienced a significant decrease in each HRV indicator within a short time following exercise (p < 0.01). The underweight group did not display a significant difference in each HRV indicator compared to the normal weight group after exercise. Conversely, the overweight group exhibited significantly lower levels of SDNN and HF compared to the normal weight group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Within a short time after engaging in acute endurance exercise, HRV was inhibited in underweight, normal weight, and overweight males. Notably, HRV inhibition was more prominent in overweight males compared to normal weight males.
Translation, validity, and reliability of the Arabic-language version of the 11- item Neglect and Abuse Scale (NAS) in Community Older Adults
Authors: Khalil Marwa Ibrahim Mahfouz , Shaala Reem Said , Elnakeeb Mayar , Menessy Reem Farag Mahrous , Hallit Souheil , Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Bitar Zeinab , Mousa Enas Fouad Sayed 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Divergent cultural contexts and norms shape perceptions of elder abuse and neglect in Western and Arab societies. The psychometric properties of instruments measuring elder neglect and abuse in Arabic have not been previously examined. Validating these instruments can enhance the consistency of elder neglect and abuse (NA) prevalence estimates and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the issue at national, regional, and global levels. This study represents the first attempt to validate the Arabic version of the 11-item Neglect and Abuse Scale (NAS) and establish its psychometric soundness in a sample of Arabic-speaking Older Adults in the Community.
Method
A cross-sectional study encompassed 539 Arabic-speaking older Egyptians, with 50.3% being female and 60.7% aged between 65 and 75. Participants completed an anonymous Google form-based questionnaire that included the NAS, the Older People's Quality of Life-brief (OPQOL-brief) Questionnaire, 15-item Resilience Scale of Older Adults (RSOA), and sociodemographic inquiries. The forward-backward translation method was employed to ensure accurate translation.
Results
Exploratory Factor analysis with Varimax rotation unveiled two factors from the NAS, reflecting the multidimensional nature of the scale. Confirmatory factor analysis validated the two-factor solution, demonstrating a good fit to the data. Reliability assessments showed a satisfactory level of internal consistency for the overall score and the two factors (Cronbach’s α = .83 − .88 / McDonald’s ω = .83 − .89). Sex invariance tests indicated that male and female participants did not significantly differ in the measurement features, suggesting the scale's applicability and interpretability across sexes. Concurrent validity analysis revealed a moderate negative correlation between the Arabic NAS scores, RSOA (r =-.28, p < .001) and OPQOL-brief (r =-.41, p < .001) scores.
Conclusion
This study provides a valid and reliable tool to identify and evaluate older adults’ abuse and neglect in Arabic-speaking communities, supporting effective intervention and prevention efforts. It also facilitates cross-cultural comparisons of abuse and neglect rates, risk factors, and outcomes between Arabic-speaking community-dwelling older adults and other language groups, advancing the global understanding of this issue.
Development of a Controlled-Release Mosquito RNAi Yeast Larvicide Suitable for the Sustained Control of Large Water Storage Containers
Authors: Mysore Keshava , Oxley James D. , Duckham Craig , Castilla-Gutierrez Clarissa , Stewart Akilah T. M. , Winter Nikhella , Feng Rachel Shui , Singh Satish , James Lester D. , Mohammed Azad , Severson David W. , Duman-Scheel Molly 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Large household water storage containers are among the most productive habitats for Aedes aegypti, the primary mosquito vector for dengue and other arboviral pathogens. Increasing concerns for insecticide resistance and larvicide safety are limiting the successful treatment of large household water storage containers, which are among the most productive habitats for Aedes juveniles. The recent development of species-specific RNAi-based yeast larvicides could help overcome these problems, particularly if shelf stable ready-to-use formulations with significant residual activity in water can be developed. Here we examine the hypothesis that development of a shelf-stable controlled-release RNAi yeast formulation can facilitate lasting control of A. aegypti juveniles in large water storage containers. In this study, a dried inactivated yeast was incorporated into a biodegradable matrix containing a mixture of polylactic acid, a preservative, and UV protectants. The formulation was prepared using food-grade level components to prevent toxicity to humans or other organisms. Both floating and sinking versions of the tablets were prepared for treatment of various sized water containers, including household water storage tank-sized containers. The tablets passed accelerated storage tests of shelf life stability and demonstrated up to six months residual activity in water. The yeast performed well in both small and large containers, including water barrels containing 20-1000 larvae each, and in outdoor barrel trials. Future studies will include the evaluation of the yeast larvicide in larger operational field trials that will further assess the potential for incorporating this new technology into integrated mosquito control programs worldwide.
Virtual Monoenergetic Imaging of Thoracoabdominal CTA on a Photon-Counting Detector CT: Assessment of Image Quality and Leveraging Low-keV Series for Salvaging Suboptimal Contrast Acquisitions
Authors: Rippel Katharina , Decker Josua A. , Luitjens Jan , Habeeballah Osama , Bette Stefanie , Braun Franziska , Kroencke Thomas J. , Scheurig-Muenkler Christian 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To assess the possibility of image improvement of ECG-gated, high-pitch computed tomography angiography(CTA) of the thoracoabdominal aorta before transaortic valve replacement(TAVR) on a novel dual-source photon-counting detector CT(PCD-CT) in the setting of suboptimal low-contrast attenuation.
Methods
Continuous patients who underwent an ECG-gated, high-pitch CTA of the aorta on a PCD-CT with a contrast decrease of at least 50% between the ascending aorta and the common femoral arteries(CFA) were included. Patient characteristics were documented. Virtual monoenergetic imaging(VMI) reconstructions with three keV settings were generated. CT-values and noise were measured for five vascular segments of the aorta and the CFA. Signal-to-noise(SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratios(CNR) were calculated. Two independent board-certified radiologists rated the images with the focus on vascular attenuation, vessel sharpness and image quality using a 5-point Likert scale.
Results
Fifty-five patients (mean age 77.4±8.5 years; 15 women) were included. The SNR was significantly higher at 40 and 45 keV VMI compared to reference 70 keV(p<.001 and p=.005, respectively). The same was shown for the CNR(p<.001 and p=.0049, respectively). Subjective image evaluation showed a significant increase in vessel attenuation in the lower keV reconstructions while the overall image quality decreased only slightly. Furthermore, 50%(8/16) of primarily non-diagnostic scans were considered diagnostic when using low keV reconstructions (p>.05).
Conclusion
ECG-gated CTA of the aorta in high-pitch mode on PCD-CT with suboptimal contrast enhancement at the level of the CFA can be salvaged by using low keV VMI. This implies the possibility of radiation dose reduction by eliminating the need for repeat scans.
Analysis of Public Perceptions on the use of Artificial Intelligence in Genomic Medicine
Authors: Harrison Jack E , Lynch Fiona , Stark Zornitza , Vears Danya F 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Next generation sequencing (NGS) has led to the creation of large pools of genomic data with analysis rather than data generation now the limiting factor. Artificial intelligence (AI) may be required to optimize the benefits of these data, but little is known about how the public feels about the use of AI in genomics.
Methods
We conducted focus groups with members of the Australian public. Participants were recruited via social media advertisements. We explored potential uses of AI in genomic medicine, the benefits, risks, and the possible social implications of its use.
Results
Participants (n = 34) largely felt comfortable with AI analysing their own genomic data and generally agreed about its benefits. Concerns were raised over data security, the potential for misdiagnosis, and bias AI may perpetuate. Many participants wanted checking mechanisms for when results were generated using AI.
Conclusions
The insights gained from these discussions help to understand public concerns around the use of AI in genomic medicine. Our findings can help to inform both policies around genomic AI and how to educate the public on its use.
Misdiagnosis of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Miao Na , Qian Ping , He Weimin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The sudden onset of painful diplopia necessitates careful consideration and diagnosis due to the extensive range of potential differential diagnoses. Patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) typically exhibit proptosis, eyelid edema, eyelid retraction, and lid lag, herein we report a case of TAO patient whose initial symptom was diplopia accompanied by pain; however, the absence of obvious eyelid signs led to an easily misdiagnosed condition.
Case presentation
A 42-year-old male patient presented to our neurology department with a four-month history of diplopia and eye pain. The diagnosis of TAO was made after a four-month period from the onset of diplopia. Local orbital injection of triamcinolone acetonide and precision radiotherapy were administered to the patient. Following treatment, there was a significant improvement in subjective symptoms, including diplopia and pain; however, complete recovery of eye mobility was not achieved.
Conclusion
For patients presenting with diplopia as the initial symptom, even in the absence of evident TAO eyelid signs, it is crucial to obtain a comprehensive medical history and conduct thyroid function tests along with orbital enhanced MRI scans to minimize the risk of misdiagnosis. Accurate early-stage diagnosis enables targeted treatment interventions, thereby optimizing patient prognosis.
Left ventricular subclinical systolic myocardial dysfunction assessed by speckle-tracking in patients with Cushing’s syndrome
Authors: Jin Jiewen , He Wei , Huang Rong , Zhang Pengyuan , He Xiaoying , Peng Yang , Liao Zhihong , Xiao Haipeng , Li Yanbing , Li Hai 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography is a novel ultrasound technique, which can detect early subclinical myocardial dysfunction with high sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of speckle tracking echocardiography in the evaluation of subclinical myocardial injury in patients with Cushing’s syndrome.
Methods: 35 patients with Cushing’s syndrome and 29 healthy controls matched for age, sex, BMI, and systolic blood pressure were included in the study. All subjects was assessed using both conventional Doppler echocardiography and speckle tracking echocardiography. Among patients, they were further divided into inactive group (n=7) and active group (n=28) based on cortisol levels. Trend analysis was used among patients in different disease activity. Correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were used to explore influence factors related to subclinical myocardial dysfunction.
Results: Left ventricular ejection fraction value showed no statistical difference between patients
Cushing’s syndrome and control group. However, GLS and LVSD, increased significantly in Cushing’s syndrome group. Also, among active Cushing’s syndrome group, inactive Cushing’s syndrome group and control group, GLS (-15.4±3.0 vs -18.1±3.1 vs-19.4±2.4, P＜0001) and LVSD(48.9±21.5 vs 43.5±17.9 vs 28.5±8.3, P＜0001) decreased by the state of disease activity. In addition, GLS and LVSD were both linearly corrected with 24-hour urinary cortisol level.
Conclusion: GLS and LVSD are sensitive parameters in detecting and monitoring subclinical myocardial systolic dysfunction in patients with Cushing’s syndrome. Myocardial injury is linearly correlated with cortisol level, which can be partially reversed after the biochemical control of cortisol.