bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Uric Acid Concentration in Overweight and Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Nivelul acidului uric la femeile supraponderale și obeze cu sindromul ovarelor polichistice
Authors: Leuștean Letiția Elena , Dimitriu Cristina , Fica Simona , Ungureanu Maria-Christina , Preda Cristina , Mogoș Voichița , Ungureanu Didona , Vulpoi Carmen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBackground: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at high risk for the development of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and coronary heart disease. Due to the inverse correlation between serum uric acid and insulin sensitivity, the measurement of uric acid may provide a marker of insulin resistance. Objective: To establish the relationship between uric acid and markers of insulin resistance in obese and overweight women with PCOS. Methods: Serum uric acid levels were measured in 38 PCOS obese and overweight patients and 30 controls matched for age and body mass index (BMI). Anthropometric variables, plasma glucose and insulin levels were measured. Insulin resistance was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Results: No statistically significant differences in uric acid levels between PCOS and non-PCOS women were found. Serum uric acid levels were positively correlated with BMI, waist circumference, insulin and HOMA. Following the use of stepwise linear regression analysis, BMI was the only parameter retained by the regression model, responsible for 42.1% of the variability of serum uric acid levels. Conclusions: In PCOS women obesity seems to be the main determinant of plasma uric acid levels. Insulin and HOMA are also involved to a lesser extent, but their role remains to be clarified by further studies.
Bearing Capacity of the Working Platform with Kinematic Method
Authors: Białek Katarzyna , Bałachowski Lech 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Bearing capacity of the working platform for heavy tracks was analysed using Distinct Layout Optimization (DLO) method. The platform layer constructed from cohesionless soils is resting on weak cohesive subgrade. Different thickness of the platform, its effective angle of internal friction and undrained shear strength of the soft soil were taken into consideration. Kinematic method permits different failure mechanisms to be analyzed. Margin of safety for a given load and subsoil conditions was determined using two approaches: increasing the load or decreasing the shear strength up to failure. The results were compared with solution proposed in BRE recommendations.
Towards New Probabilistic Assumptions in Business Intelligence
Authors: Schumann Andrew , Szelc Andrzej 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
One of the main assumptions of mathematical tools in science is represented by the idea of measurability and additivity of reality. For discovering the physical universe additive measures such as mass, force, energy, temperature, etc. are used. Economics and conventional business intelligence try to continue this empiricist tradition and in statistical and econometric tools they appeal only to the measurable aspects of reality. However, a lot of important variables of economic systems cannot be observable and additive in principle. These variables can be called symbolic values or symbolic meanings and studied within symbolic interactionism, the theory developed since George Herbert Mead and Herbert Blumer. In statistical and econometric tools of business intelligence we accept only phenomena with causal connections measured by additive measures. In the paper we show that in the social world we deal with symbolic interactions which can be studied by non-additive labels (symbolic meanings or symbolic values). For accepting the variety of such phenomena we should avoid additivity of basic labels and construct a new probabilistic method in business intelligence based on non-Archimedean probabilities.
Leadership Competences in Slovenian Health Care / Vodstvene Kompetence V Slovenskem Zdravstvu
Authors: Kovačič Helena , Rus Andrej 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background. Leadership competences play an important role for the success of effective leadership. The purpose of this study was to examine leadership competences of managers in the healthcare sector in Slovenia.
Methods. Data were collected in 2008. The research included 265 employees in healthcare and 267 business managers. Respondents assessed their level of 16 leadership relevant competences on a 7-point Likert-type scale.
Results. Test of differences between competences and leader position of health care professionals yielded statistically significant differences between leader and non-leader positions. Leaders gave strongest emphasis to interpersonal and informational competences, while regarding decision making competences, the differences between leaders and other employees are not that significant. When comparing competences of healthcare managers with those of business managers, results show that healthcare managers tend to give weaker emphasis to competences related to all three managerial roles than business managers.
Conclusions. The study showed that in Slovenian health care, leaders distinguish themselves from other employees in some leadership competences. In addition, all three dimensions of leadership competences significantly distinguished the group of healthcare managers from the business managers, which indicates a serious lag in leadership competences among leaders in Slovenian healthcare
Clinical and Molecular Cytogenetic Characterisation of Children with Developmental Delay and Dysmorphic Features / Klinična in Molekularna Citogenetska Obravnava Otrok Z Razvojnim Zaostankom in Displastičnimi Znaki
Authors: Bertok Sara , Žerjav Tanšek Mojca , Kotnik Primož , Battelino Tadej , Volk Marija , Pecile Vanna , Cleva Lisa , Gasparini Paolo , Kovač Jernej , Hovnik Tinka 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Introduction. Developmental delay and dysmorphic features affect 1 - 3 % of paediatric population. In the last few years molecular cytogenetic high resolution techniques (comparative genomic hybridization arrays and single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays) have been proven to be a first-tier choice for clinical diagnostics of developmental delay and dysmorphic features.
Methods and results. In the present article we describe the clinical advantages of molecular cytogenetic approach (comparative genomic hybridization arrays and single nucleotide polymorphism arrays) in the diagnostic procedure of two children with developmental delay, dysmorphic features and additional morphological phenotypes. Additionally, we demonstrate the necessity of fluorescent in situ hybridization utilisation to identify the localisation and underlying mechanism of detected chromosomal rearrangement.
Conclusions. Two types of chromosomal abnormalities were identified and confirmed using different molecular genetic approaches. Comparative genomic hybridization arrays and single nucleotide polymorphism arrays are hereby presented as important methods to identify chromosomal imbalances in patients with developmental delay and dysmorphic features. We emphasize the importance of molecular genetic testing in patients’ parents for the demonstration of the origin and clinical importance of the aberrations prior determined in the patients. The results obtained using molecular cytogenetic high resolution techniques methods are the cornerstone for proper genetic counselling to the affected families.
Association of Average Telomere Length with Body-Mass Index and Vitamin D Status in Juvenile Population with Type 1 Diabetes / Povezava Povprečnih Dolžin Telomerov Z Indeksom Telesne Teže in Vitaminom D Pri Mladostnikih S Sladkorno Boleznijo Tipa 1
Authors: Tesovnik Tine , Kovac Jernej , Hovnik Tinka , Kotnik Primoz , Battelino Tadej , Trebusak Podkrajsek Katarina 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune chronic disease where hyperglycemia, increased risk of oxidative stress, advanced glycation end-products and other genetic and environmental factors lead to T1D complications. Shorter telomeres are associated with hyperglycemic levels and lower serum vitamin D levels.
Methods. Average telomere length (ATL) in whole blood DNA samples was assessed with qPCR method in 53 Slovenian T1D children/adolescents (median age 8.7 years, 1:1.3 male/female ratio). Body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS), glycated haemoglobin and serum level of vitamin D metabolite (25-(OH)-D3) and the age at the onset of T1D were collected from the available medical documentation.
Results. Results indicate shorter ATL in subjects with higher BMI-SDS when compared to those with longer ATL (0.455 ± 0.438, -0.63 ± 0.295; p=0.049). Subjects with higher BMI-SDS had lower serum vitamin D levels when compared to those with lower BMI-SDS (40.66 ± 3.07 vs. 52.86 ± 4.85 nmol/L; p=0.045). Vitamin D serum levels did not significantly differ between subjects with longer/shorter ATL.
Conclusion. T1D children/adolescents with shorter ATL tend to have higher BMI-SDS. Lower serum vitamin D levels were associated with higher BMI-SDS, while associations between vitamin D serum levels, age at the onset of T1D, glycated haemoglobin and ATL were not observed. Additional studies with more participants are required to clarify the role of the telomere dynamics in T1D aetiology and development of complications.
Support Group for Parents Coping with Children with Type 1 Diabetes / Skupina Za Starše Kot Podpora Družinam Pri Soočanju Z Otrokovo Sladkorno Boleznijo Tipa 1
Authors: Pate Tanja , Rutar Miha , Battelino Tadej , Drobnič Radobuljac Maja , Bratina Nataša 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Objectives. Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. Active parental involvement, parental support in the diabetes management and family functioning are associated with optimal diabetes management and glycemic control. The purpose of this study was to assess parental satisfaction with participation in the group and their perceptions of the impact of the intervention on living and coping with childrens T1D.
Methods. A sample of 34 parents of children with T1D participated in this trend study. The participants’ experience and satisfaction with support group was measured by a self- evaluation questionnaire, designed for the purpose of the present study.
Results. Quantitative data show that parents were overall satisfied with almost all measured items of the evaluation questionnaire (wellbeing in the group, feeling secure, experiencing new things, being able to talk and feeling being heard) during the 4-year period. However, parents from the second and third season, on average, found that the support group has better fulfilled their expectations than the parents from the first season (p = 0,010). The qualitative analysis of the participants’ responses to the open-ended questions was underpinned by four themes: support when confronting the diagnosis, transformation of the family dynamics, me as a parent, exchange of experience and good practice and facing the world outside the family.
Discussion. The presented parent support group showed to be a promising supportive, therapeutic and psychoeducative space where parents could strengthen their role in the upbringing of their child with T1D.
Attachment to Caregivers and Type 1 Diabetes in Children / Navezanost Na Starše in Sladkorna Bolezen Tipa 1 Pri Otrocih
Authors: Drobnič Radobuljac Maja , Shmueli-Goetz Yael 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Attachment is a behavioral and physiological system, which enables individual’s dynamic adaptation to its environment. Attachment develops in close interaction between an infant and his/her mother, plays an important role in the development of the infant’s brain, and influences the quality of interpersonal relationships throughout life.
Security of attachment is believed to influence individual response to stress, exposing insecurely organized individuals to deregulated autonomic nervous system and exaggerated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity, which, in turn, produces increased and prolonged exposure to stress-hormones. Such stress responses may have considerable implications for the development of diverse health-risk conditions, such as insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia, shown by numerous studies.
Although the mechanisms are not yet fully understood, there is compelling evidence highlighting the role of psychological stress in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). One of the possible contributing factors for the development of T1D may be the influence of attachment security on individual stress reactivity. Thus, the suggestion is that insecurely attached individuals are more prone to experience increased and prolonged influence of stress hormones and other mechanisms causing pancreatic beta-cell destruction. The present paper opens with a short overview of the field of attachment in children, the principal attachment classifications and their historic development, describes the influence of attachment security on individual stress-reactivity and the role of the latter in the development of T1D. Following is a review of recent literature on the attachment in patients with T1D with a conclusion of a proposed role of attachment organization in the etiology of T1D.
Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Adipose Tissue in Children and Adolescents / Endokrina in Presnovna Funkcija Maščobnega Tkiva Pri Otrocih in Mladostnikih
Authors: Kotnik Primož , Fischer Posovszky Pamela , Wabitsch Martin 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Adipose tissue is implicated in many endocrine and metabolic processes. Leptin was among the first identified adipose-secreted factors, which act in an auto-, para- and endocrine manner. Since leptin, many other adipose tissue factors were determined, some primarily secreted from the adipocytes, some from other cells of the adipose tissue.
So-called adipokines are not only involved in obesity and its complications, as are insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and other components of the metabolic syndrome, but also in growth, reproduction, bone metabolism, immune response, cancer development and many other important biological processes. Research in the field of adipokines has revealed new insights into the physiological and pathophysiologal processes and opened new therapeutic possibilities. In the present article, a special emphasis is devoted to research in children and adolescents.
Evaluating Artificial Models of Cognition
Authors: Miłkowski Marcin 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Artificial models of cognition serve different purposes, and their use determines the way they should be evaluated. There are also models that do not represent any particular biological agents, and there is controversy as to how they should be assessed. At the same time, modelers do evaluate such models as better or worse. There is also a widespread tendency to call for publicly available standards of replicability and benchmarking for such models. In this paper, I argue that proper evaluation of models does not depend on whether they target real biological agents or not; instead, the standards of evaluation depend on the use of models rather than on the reality of their targets. I discuss how models are validated depending on their use and argue that all-encompassing benchmarks for models may be well beyond reach.
How Far we Can Go Without Looking Under the Skin: The Bounds of Cognitive Science
Authors: Afeltowicz Łukasz , Wachowski Witold 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to discuss the concept of distributed cognition (DCog) in the context of classic questions posed by mainstream cognitive science. We support our remarks by appealing to empirical evidence from the fields of cognitive science and ethnography. Particular attention is paid to the structure and functioning of a cognitive system, as well as its external representations. We analyze the problem of how far we can push the study of human cognition without taking into account what is underneath an individual’s skin. In light of our discussion, a distinction between DCog and the extended mind becomes important.
The Default Mode Network and the Problem of Determining Intrinsic Mental Contents
Authors: Havlík Marek , Marvan Tomáš 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
We provide a brief overview of the shift toward the intrinsic view of brain activity, describing in particular the structural and functional connectivity patterns of the “Default mode network” (part I). We then consider the Default mode network in a specifically cognitive setting and ask what changes the focus on the Default mode network and other sorts of intrinsic activity require from models put forward by cognitive neuroscientists (part II).
Evolutionary Schema of Modeling Based on Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Stacewicz Paweł 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
In this paper, I propose a populational schema of modeling that consists of: (a) a linear AFSV schema (with four basic stages of abstraction, formalization, simplification, and verification), and (b) a higher-level schema employing the genetic algorithm (with partially random procedures of mutation, crossover, and selection). The basic ideas of the proposed solution are as follows: (1) whole populations of models are considered at subsequent stages of the modeling process, (2) successive populations are subjected to the activity of genetic operators and undergo selection procedures, (3) the basis for selection is the evaluation function of the genetic algorithm (this function corresponds to the model verification criterion and reflects the goal of the model). The schema can be applied to automate the modeling of the mind/brain by means of artificial neural networks: the structure of each network is modified by genetic operators, modified networks undergo a learning cycle, and successive populations of networks are verified during the selection procedure. The whole process can be automated only partially, because it is the researcher who defines the evaluation function of the genetic algorithm.
Anthropogenic transformation of soils in the Barycz valley – conclusions for soil classification / Antropogeniczne przekształcenia gleb w Dolinie Baryczy - wnioski dotyczące klasyfikacji gleb
Authors: Łabaz Beata , Bogacz Adam , Kabała Cezary 
Published: May 2015

AbstractLarge-scale river regulation, drainage and intense farming in the Barycz valley initiated in 17th century activated a transformation of the initial alluvial and swamp-alluvial soils. Soils on the Holocene flooded terraces have deep, acid humus horizons (umbric) and gleyic properties at shallow depth, but have no stratification of parent material to a depth of 100 cm. Despite the location in the floodplain, soils cannot be classified as black-earth alluvial soils (mady czarnoziemne) using the criteria of Polish soil classification (2011). The soils on the Pleistocene non-flooded terraces have a deep, base-saturated humus horizon (mollic) and gleyic properties in the lower part of soil profile, which allows to classify them as the black earths (czarne ziemie). Prominent stratification of the parent material well preserved in these soils has no influence on their classification (due to the age sediments). Almost all humus horizons of these soils meet the definition of anthric characteristics, and more than half of the studied soils can be classified as culturozemic soils - rigosols - which emphasises the important role of man in the transformation and gaining of morphological features of these soils. The lack of precise criteria for identifying soil types in the chernozemic order of the Polish soil classification (2011) causes difficulties in the classification of soils on the river terraces, in particular, in distinguishing between black-earth alluvial soils and black earths.
Assessment of changes of some functions of Ukrainian acid soils after chemical amelioration
Authors: Zapko Yurij , Desyatnik Karina , Dmytruk Yurij 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The objective of the article was to determine the effectiveness of lime of different origin for chemical amelioration of soils and examine its impact on soil functions such as productivity, habitat, regulation of water quality, and the protective buffer biogeocenotic screen. Limy ameliorants were applied in small local field experiment on Luvic Chernozem, and experiment with lysimeter columns was carried out on Albic Luvisol. The number of the main groups of microflora and enzymatic activity of soil was determined in soil samples taken for the analysis from the root zone. Research concerning the influence of natural and industrial origin ameliorants on soil as habitat showed the correlation of sugar beets productivity with soil biogenic. The increase of biomultiplicity of soil microbiota after addition of a cement dust and negative influence of red sludge on soil as habitat for living organisms was observed. Research involving the influence of ameliorants on soil by lime as the protective buffer biogeocenotic screen was carried out using lysimeter columns. It was stated that the addition of limy ameliorants reduces mobility of heavy metals.
Mobile fractions in dustfall and possible migration of metals to soil / Badania mobilnych frakcji metali w opadzie pyłowym i możliwość migracji metali do gleby
Authors: Kalembkiewicz Jan , Sitarz-Palczak Elżbieta , Soćo Eleonora , Nowak Danuta , Trojnar Irena 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
The atmospheric fallout over the Rzeszów town was investigated. Intensity of dustfall (quarterly periods, 2011.2012) and its physicochemical properties (acid-base character, solubility and sequential solubility, mobile fractions) were investigated. The intensity of dustfall was variable from 25 to 83 g·m.2 and depended on the season. Contents of metals in precipitation were diverse with quantities exceeding 1%: Fe, K, Ca, Na, in 0.1.1%: Mg, Zn, Na, Ca, Mn, Ni, Co, Cr, and less than 0.1%: Cu, Bi, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb. It was found that the dustfall is a possible source of metals. The atmospheric fallout can enlarge a pool of metals in soils from 0.18% up to 80%.
Physical Activity and the Development of the Built Environment in Schools for Youth with a Functional Disability in Quebec
Authors: Roult Romain , Carbonneau Hélène , Chan Thomas , Belley-Ranger Émilie , Duquette Marie-Michèle 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Background: Assess how primary and secondary schools were designed to encourage the practice of physical and sporting activities for young people with limited physical abilities. Analyse the impacts of the built environment on the adoption of active behaviours for the disabled clientele in schools. Materials and methods: Fifteen schools in Quebec were examined using two structured and coded observation grids. Fifty-two interviews were held with each school’s administrative team, physical education teachers, the professional staff, parents and youth with limited physical abilities. Results: The school environment is a central component in the inclusion of youth with physical limitations. However, the lack of means, the dilapidated state of some spaces along with the lack of knowledge of the different populations of youth with limited physical abilities can account for the fact that the schools observed offer an environment that is more of less accessible or poorly adapted to these young people. Conclusions: Most of the time, certain non-existent or deficient faculties in the surveyed areas have a negative impact on the autonomy, perseverance, and the level of inclusion of young individuals with limited physical abilities. It therefore seems essential to adapt and develop areas of activity in accordance with the clientele’s (or potential clientele’s) physical limitations