bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The genetic basis of energy conservation in the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio alaskensis G20
Authors: Price Morgan N. , Ray Jayashree , Wetmore Kelly M. , Kuehl Jennifer V. , Bauer Stefan , Deutschbauer Adam M. , Arkin Adam P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractSulfate-reducing bacteria play major roles in the global carbon and sulfur cycles, but it remains unclear how reducing sulfate yields energy. To determine the genetic basis of energy conservation, we measured the fitness of thousands of pooled mutants ofDesulfovibrio alaskensisG20 during growth in 12 different combinations of electron donors and acceptors. We show that ion pumping by the ferredoxin:NADH oxidoreductase Rnf is required whenever substrate-level phosphorylation is not possible. The uncharacterized complex Hdr/flox-1 (Dde_1207:13) is sometimes important alongside Rnf and may perform an electron bifurcation to generate more reduced ferredoxin from NADH to allow further ion pumping. Similarly, during the oxidation of malate or fumarate, the electron-bifurcating transhydrogenase NfnAB-2 (Dde_1250:1) is important and may generate reduced ferredoxin to allow additional ion pumping by Rnf. During formate oxidation, the periplasmic [NiFeSe] hydrogenase HysAB is required, which suggests that hydrogen forms in the periplasm, diffuses to the cytoplasm, and is used to reduce ferredoxin, thus providing a substrate for Rnf. During hydrogen utilization, the transmembrane electron transport complex Tmc is important and may move electrons from the periplasm into the cytoplasmic sulfite reduction pathway. Finally, mutants of many other putative electron carriers have no clear phenotype, which suggests that they are not important under our growth conditions.
High-throughput functional annotation of influenza A virus genome at single-nucleotide resolution
Authors: Wu Nicholas C. , Young Arthur P. , Al-Mawsawi Laith Q. , Olson Anders C. , Feng Jun , Qi Hangfei , Chen Shu-Hwa , Lu I-Hsuan , Lin Chung-Yen , Chin Robert G. , Luan Harding H. , Nguyen Nguyen , Nelson Stanley F. , Li Xinmin , Wu Ting-Ting , Sun Ren 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA novel genome-wide genetics platform is presented in this study, which permits functional interrogation of all point mutations across a viral genome in parallel. Here we generated the first fitness profile of individual point mutations across the influenza virus genome. Critical residues on the viral genome were systematically identified, which provided a collection of subdomain data informative for structure-function studies and for effective rational drug and vaccine design. Our data was consistent with known, well-characterized structural features. In addition, we have achieved a validation rate of 68% for severely attenuated mutations and 94% for neutral mutations. The approach described in this study is applicable to other viral or microbial genomes where a means of genetic manipulation is available.
Phylogenetic Identification and Functional Characterization of Orthologs and Paralogs across Human, Mouse, Fly, and Worm
Authors: Wu Yi-Chieh , Bansal Mukul S. , Rasmussen Matthew D. , Herrero Javier , Kellis Manolis 
Published: June 2014

AbstractModel organisms can serve the biological and medical community by enabling the study of conserved gene families and pathways in experimentally-tractable systems. Their use, however, hinges on the ability to reliably identify evolutionary orthologs and paralogs with high accuracy, which can be a great challenge at both small and large evolutionary distances. Here, we present a phylogenomics-based approach for the identification of orthologous and paralogous genes in human, mouse, fly, and worm, which forms the foundation of the comparative analyses of the modENCODE and mouse ENCODE projects. We study a median of 16,101 genes across 2 mammalian genomes (human, mouse), 12Drosophilagenomes, 5Caenorhabditisgenomes, and an outgroup yeast genome, and demonstrate that accurate inference of evolutionary relationships and events across these species must account for frequent gene-tree topology errors due to both incomplete lineage sorting and insufficient phylogenetic signal. Furthermore, we show that integration of two separate phylogenomic pipelines yields increased accuracy, suggesting that their sources of error are independent, and finally, we leverage the resulting annotation of homologous genes to study the functional impact of gene duplication and loss in the context of rich gene expression and functional genomic datasets of the modENCODE, mouse ENCODE, and human ENCODE projects.
Young adults and wine consumption a qualitative application of the theory of planned behavior
Authors: Patrícia Silva Ana , Figueiredo Isabel , Hogg Tim , Sottomayor Miguel 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this study is to identify perceptions, attitudes and behavior of young adults concerning wine consumption, using the “theory of planned behavior” as a theoretical framework.

Design/methodology/approach
– The aim of this study is to identify perceptions, attitudes and behavior of young adults concerning wine consumption, using the “theory of planned behavior” as a theoretical framework.

Findings
– The major findings are that attitudes and subjective norms are, apparently, the components with most influence on behavior of young people in relation to wine consumption. For the consumers group, attitudes seem to be the most crucial component, especially the “interest in alcohol”. They drink it in special occasions for sociability and to disinhibit. Regarding the non-consumers group, the main attitude is “dislike taste”. Also the subjective norms, are very present, especially parents, society, friends and publicity, in consumers group. The non-consumers have the perception of greater parental induction to not consume wine. No significant differences were found between gender or educational system.

Research limitations/implications
– Concerning the results, a limited, convenience sample, was employed and this is assumedly an exploratory study. Therefore the results cannot be considered to represent a broad section of the groups studied. Still sample related, only Portuguese young adults students were studied.

Social implications
– This research can contribute not only for the knowledge relating to Portugal as a wine consuming environment but also to the general area of attitudes and perceptions of young people towards moderate wine consumption. As today young adults, novice or potential wine consumers will be the next generation of wine consumers, it can be beneficial for wine marketers to focus on this target population aiming at exploring further their engagement with wine.

Originality/value
– This research has an originally approach to wine consumption by young adults once it focus and explore the non-problematic behavior of young adults about wine consumption. The results of this study can contribute to the development of targeted advertising and publicity of the wine industry, in order to promote moderate wine consumption among young adults.
Intentions to buy “organic” not manifested in practice
Authors: Frostling-Henningsson Maria , Hedbom Martin , Wilandh Ludvig 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– This research paper focuses on why intentions to buy organic and/or eco-friendly food are not always manifested in practice. Based on Warde's antinomies of structural opposition, we found several consumer dilemmas including the dilemma of choosing between organic and eco-friendly food. This study addresses ethical and environmental concerns that contemporary Swedish consumers have when eating organic and taking environmental action and presents some consumer strategies used to cope with these concerns.Design/methodology/approach– The empirical data was collected from a consumer panel followed during 18 months. A mix of qualitative methods was used; interviews, shop-along studies, ZMET, collecting shopping receipts and poems.Findings– The research paper contributes with knowledge about the dilemma between organic and eco-friendly. It further defines the strategy of “justification of non-choices” as the most common consumer strategy to cope with the dilemma.Research limitations/implications– Results from this study shows that conscious consumers often face a conflict between buying organic food and taking environmental considerations. In order to solve the conflict consumers used various strategies; justification of non-choices was the most common strategy.Practical implications– For wholesalers and retailers the results show that conscious consumers demands groceries that are both organic and eco-friendly in order to act on intentions.Originality/value– By using innovative qualitative methods this report identifies some contemporary consumer dilemmas. The dilemma that the most conscious consumers have is the dilemma between organic and eco-friendly. In order to solve this “justification of non-choices” is the most common strategy for consumers to handle the dilemma.
Revealing barriers to healthier fast food consumption choices
Authors: Anderson Katherine , Mirosa Miranda 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– In light of growing concerns around obesity, the present work investigates why consumers continue to choose traditional unhealthy fast food options over newly offered healthier fast food alternatives.

Design/methodology/approach
– A total of 24 value laddering interviews were conducted with people who had just purchased an item from the traditional menu at McDonalds. Individual reasoning for not selecting a healthier Weight Watchers' approved alternative was aggregated across the respondent set to form a summary map which pictorially displays barriers to healthier fast food choices.

Findings
– Consumers' choices not to purchase healthier fast food options were dominated by Self Direction type values and are heavily influenced by engrained perceptions that fast food is junk food.

Practical implications
– For the fast food industry, this research highlights that to help shift consumers' choices toward healthier alternatives, they need to reposition themselves as quick service restaurants that offer good tasting food that is both convenient and healthy.

Social implications
– For public policy makers, this research suggests a need to address the perceptions of personal relevance of obesity and diet related health issues.

Originality/value
– The valuable in-depth information collected via the value laddering process offers substantial insights into the unexplored area of barriers to healthier fast food consumption.
Simple sensitivity calculation for inverse design problems in electrical engineering
Authors: Andjelic Zoran 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present a simple approach for calculation of the sensitivities in the free-form inverse design problems. The approach is based on the analogy with the similar tasks used in the signal-processing analysis. In the proposed case it is not required to solve an adjoint problem as in the most of the similar optimization tasks. The simulation engine used in the background is a Fast Boundary Element Method. The approach is validated on some known benchmark problems.

Design/methodology/approach
– Inverse design is recognized nowadays as a crucial scientific grand challenge. Contrary to the conventional approach (“Given the structure, find the properties”) it purses a new paradigm (“Given the desired property, find the structure”). Inverse class of problems has a broad application area, from the material-, medical-, bio- to the engineering-class of problems. When dealing with the inverse design in free-form optimization of the engineering problems the typical approach is to calculate the adjoint problem. Calculation of the adjoint problem mostly requires the costly calculation of the gradients, which makes the whole optimization procedure rather expensive due to the high computational burden required for their solution.

Findings
– In this paper it is proposed a novel Simple Sensitivity Approach to get in a fast way the response (sensitivity) function of the analyzed structure. The simulation engine used in the background is the Fast Boundary Element Method.

Originality/value
– Novel approach for inverse design when performing the free-form optimization of engineering problems.
Convergence of ADGI methods for solving systems of linear matrix equations
Authors: Hajarian Masoud 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The linear matrix equations have wide applications in engineering, physics, economics and statistics. The purpose of this paper is to introduce iterative methods for solving the systems of linear matrix equations.

Design/methodology/approach
– According to the hierarchical identification principle, the authors construct alternating direction gradient-based iterative (ADGI) methods to solve systems of linear matrix equations.

Findings
– The authors propose efficient ADGI methods to solve the systems of linear matrix equations. It is proven that the ADGI methods consistently converge to the solution for any initial matrix. Moreover, the constructed methods are extended for finding the reflexive solution to the systems of linear matrix equations.

Originality/value
– This paper proposes efficient iterative methods without computing any matrix inverses, vec operator and Kronecker product for finding the solution of the systems of linear matrix equations.
Why, how and to what effect do firms deviate from their intended marketing plans?
Authors: S. Whalen Peter , M. Boush David 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– Very little is known about why, how and to what effect firms deviate from intended marketing plans. The aim of this paper is to extend the understanding of this phenomenon, post plan improvisation (PPI), and begin to identify and categorize such deviations along with their apparent causes and outcomes.Design/methodology/approach– Using the critical incident technique, 384 incidents of PPI were gathered and systematically classified from marketing planners (managers who use marketing planning software) on six different continents using an online survey.Findings– The principal contributions of this study are: the systematic development of a taxonomy for post-plan improvisations; the reported frequencies associated with those categories; and tentative findings regarding relationships between the causes, deviations, and success of PPI. Improvisations that were prompted by changes in external market factors were more likely to be judged by planners as having been successful than those made for reasons internal to the firm. The results also suggest that there exists an optimal level of PPI, that improvisations in pricing are likely to result from changes in the external macro environment, that improvisations in promotion are likely to be responses to competitors, and that managers who are less experienced at planning are less successful than experienced planners at improvisation.Originality/value– Due to the inherent unpredictability of improvisational decision making, few empirical studies have attempted to capture details regarding specific deviations from intended actions. This study is the first attempt to capture and categorize those data in order to allow for more meaningful future investigations.
Kindergarten teachers as leaders of children, makers of society
Authors: Whitehead Kay 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– In Australia as elsewhere, kindergarten or pre-school teachers’ work has almost escaped historians’ attention. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the lives and work of approximately 60 women who graduated from the Adelaide Kindergarten Training College (KTC) between 1908 and 1917, which is during the leadership of its foundation principal, Lillian de Lissa.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper is a feminist analysis and uses conventional archival sources.

Findings
– The KTC was a site of higher education that offered middle class women an intellectual as well as practical education, focusing on liberal arts, progressive pedagogies and social reform. More than half of the graduates initially worked as teachers, their destinations reflecting the fragmented field of early childhood education. Whether married or single, many remained connected with progressive education and social reform, exercising their pedagogical and administrative skills in their workplaces, homes and civic activities. In so doing, they were not only leaders of children but also makers of society.

Originality/value
– The paper highlights the links between the kindergarten movement and reforms in girls’ secondary and higher education, and repositions the KTC as site of intellectual education for women. In turn, KTC graduates committed to progressive education and social reform in the interwar years.
Drivers of customers’ switching behaviour in Indian banking industry
Authors: Vyas Vishal , Raitani Sonika 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The price war and intense competition in Indian banking industry have exposed banks to one of the major threat of switching. Consumers are now more price and service conscious in their financial services purchasing behaviour. They are more prone to change their banking behaviour as banking products and services are nearly identical in nature. The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight of the drivers that lead a customer switch from one service provider to another in Indian banking industry using exploratory design.

Design/methodology/approach
– The impacts of the influencing factors have been studied and tested empirically using exploratory factor analysis. Quantitative data have been collected by means of questionnaire employed from Clemes et al. and administered to 296 banking customers of Rajasthan utilizing convenience sampling.

Findings
– Results reported that price, reputation, responses to service failure, customer satisfaction, service quality, service products, competition, customer commitment and involuntary switching have their significant effect on customers’ switching behaviour.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings of present study can be used by the Indian banks for their product and service designing strategies, marketing strategies and customer services practices in order to reduce customer switching. It would help them in improving their service operations and also in increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty by understanding the banking behaviour of their customers.

Originality/value
– The originality lies in the fact that this study is one of few which have focused on the drivers leading to the switching intentions of Indian banking customers.
Building brand equity in retail banks: the case of Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Rambocas Meena , M. Kirpalani Vishnu , Simms Errol 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate an integrated model mapping the influence of brand affinity, customer experience, and customer satisfaction on brand equity in retail banking.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were collected from 315 banking customers in Trinidad and Tobago through personally administered structured questionnaires and analyzed with Structural Equation Modelling.

Findings
– The findings showed the mediating role of customer satisfaction in brand equity relationships. The results also showed the pivotal role of brand affinity, customer satisfaction, and service experience in explaining brand equity.

Practical implications
– The study provides an integrated approach to brand building. It also offers an objective framework brand owners can use to evaluate marketing investments. It also provides a clear brand differentiation strategy for bank brands. Finally, it introduces cross-cultural research in brand equity which can be a useful competitive tool for indigenous banks and foreign banks seeking market expansion strategies.

Originality/value
– This research is one of the few studies that analyzed brand equity in retail banking. It advanced a brand equity framework that explores the mediating role of customer satisfaction and provides a guide to uplift perceptions and stimulate customer confidence in the banking sector.
Authentic leadership in English education: what do college teachers tell us?
Authors: William Stoten David 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to report on an investigation into the perceived prevalence of authentic leadership behaviours in Sixth Form College (SFC) Principals. This research compares four different models of institutional leadership and considers which are viewed by teachers as the more common in daily practice. In doing so, the research will also touch upon the relevance of values in contemporary educational leadership.Design/methodology/approach– The research methodology adopted a mixed methods approach that elicited the views of teachers using a structured questionnaire approach together with co-constructed conversations with participants. The research involved 53 teachers from five SFCs spread across England.Findings– The findings generated from this research exercise suggest that college Principals exhibit transactional behaviours far more often than those actions associated with either transformational, distributed or authentic leadership models. This outcome may be explained in terms of the pressures acting on SFCs in an increasingly competitive and uneven education market. In short, Principals act pragmatically and instrumentally to achieve their short-term goals.Originality/value– This work follows on from previous research into servant leadership in the SFC sector. This is a sector of the English education system that attracts little coverage in the academic literature as research tends to be undertaken in the much larger schools or General Further Education sectors. Given this context, the paper represents an useful starting point for further research.
Remanufacturing in Asia: location choice and outsourcing
Authors: Lu Qing , Goh Mark , Garg Miti , De Souza Robert 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– Remanufacturing is a process whereby value from old products is recovered by replacing and recovering used components to bring such products to a new or like-new state. Today, both original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and third parties are engaged in remanufacturing activities, investing in many locations throughout Asia. The purpose of this paper is to examine the reasons for initiating remanufacturing activities as well as the location determinants for the remanufacturing sector in Asia.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors conduct a multiple case study. Triangulation is applied to gain objective views from interviewing three OEMs, one logistics firm, and three local small enterprises. Real options theory is the theoretical lens used to examine the location choice of the OEMs.

Findings
– Firms engaged in remanufacturing tend to co-locate facilities with existing manufacturing facilities, and those investing in new sites for remanufacturing view the regulatory environment as the most important factor. OEMs tend to leverage on existing manufacturing facilities or third-party remanufacturers to reduce their cost of commitment when starting remanufacturing at new locations.

Research limitations/implications
– The sample size is still small for the generalization of the results. Further empirical study is needed to test the propositions from this paper.

Practical implications
– This paper could assist managers and decision makers in the multinational corporations to design appropriate logistics-related solutions for remanufacturing in Asia.

Originality/value
– The authors work contributes to the theory on remanufacturing location determinants. It shows that OEMs and third-party remanufacturers can have a collaborative relationship instead of the commonly assumed competitive one, which is currently not found in the literature.