bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deutschland baut darauf – Nachhaltigkeit von Ein‐ und Zweifamilienhäusern aus Mauerwerk
Authors: Graubner Carl‐Alexander , Pohl Sebastian 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDer Bau‐ und Immobilienwirtschaft kommt für eine nachhaltige gesellschaftliche und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung eine Schlüsselrolle zu. In diesem Kontext haben Wohngebäude aufgrund ihres großen Anteils am Gebäudebestand eine besondere Bedeutung. Im Rahmen einer ganzheitlichen lebenszyklusorientierten Untersuchung wurde am Institut für Massivbau der TU Darmstadt analysiert, welche Nachhaltigkeitsqualität kleinen Wohngebäuden aus Mauerwerk – als der marktbestimmenden Bauweise – attestiert werden kann. Der Beitrag stellt wichtige Ergebnisse bezüglich der Nachhaltigkeit von Ein‐und Zweifamilienhäusern vor und ist die verkürzte Fassung eines Beitrags der Autoren im Praxishandbuch Mauerwerksbau aktuell 2014 [1].Germany relies on – sustainability of masonry residential buildings. The construction and real estate industry plays a key role for a sustainable social and economic development. Due to their large share in the building stock, residential buildings have an extraordinary importance. Thus, the Institut für Massivbau at Technische Universität Darmstadt analysed by doing a holistic, life‐cycle orientated examination, what Ievel of sustainability quality small residential buildings made of masonry have. This paper presents key findings concerning the sustainability of single and two‐family houses of masonry and is an abbreviated version of the authors‘ article in “Mauerwerksbau aktuell 2014“.
Innovative massive Wandsysteme – eine Herleitung möglicher Szenarien
Authors: Knaack Ulrich 
Published: December 2013

AbstractFür die Herleitung möglicher Szenarien einer zukünftigen Entwicklung massiver Konstruktionen werden deren Entwicklungslinien anhand der einzelnen Materialien Lehm/Ziegel sowie Beton/Leichtbeton/Porenbeton und Kalksandstein erläutert. Ziel ist es, die Entwicklung anhand der funktionalen Verbesserungen zu erkennen und daraus mögliche und notwendige Innovationen für massive Wandsysteme abzuleiten.Developments of massive wall constructions – possible scenarios. In order to generate possible scenarios about future developments of massive constructions, this paper explains the developmental paths on the basis of the individual materials clay/brick as well as concrete/lightweight concrete/aerated concrete and sand‐lime brick. The goal is to recognise the development on the basis of the functional improvement and to derive possible and necessary future developments.
Glasfaserbewehrter Porenbeton – ein neuer Baustoff mit Zukunfts‐Potenzial
Authors: Matthes Sascha Djamal , Groß Martin , Hübner Liesa , Ryssel Julia , Mai Franziska , Hessenkemper Heiko 
Published: December 2013

AbstractDie Kombination von Tragfähigkeit und geringer Wärmeleitfähigkeit machen Porenbeton zu einem Baustoff mit großem Potenzial. Durch eine gezielte Glasbewehrung soll ein entscheidender Nachteil des Baustoffs – die geringe Zugfestigkeit – überwunden werden. Dazu wurden sowohl neue Glasfasersysteme entwickelt als auch die Auswirkung der Bewehrung grundlegend untersucht.Glass fibre reinforced Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) – A building material with great potential for the future. The combination of a high bearing strength and low heat conductivity shows the high potential of this building material for the future. A specific glass fibre reinforcement should resolve an important disadvantage of AAC – the low tensile strength. Therefor both new glass fibre systems were developed and the impact of the reinforcement was investigated fundamentally.
Identification of initially appearing glycine‐immunoreactive neurons in the embryonic zebrafish brain
Authors: Moly Pricila Khan , Ikenaga Takanori , Kamihagi Chihiro , Islam A.F.M. Tariqul , Hatta Kohei 
Published: December 2013

AbstractGlycine is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of vertebrates. Here, we report the initial development of glycine‐immunoreactive (Gly‐ir) neurons and fibers in zebrafish. The earliest Gly‐ir cells were found in the hindbrain and rostral spinal cord by 20 h post‐fertilization (hpf). Gly‐ir cells in rhombomeres 5 and 6 that also expressed glycine transporter 2 (glyt2) mRNA were highly stereotyped; they were bilaterally located and their axons ran across the midline and gradually turned caudally, joining the medial longitudinal fascicles in the spinal cord by 24 hpf. Gly‐ir neurons in rhombomere 5 were uniquely identified, since there was one per hemisegment, whereas the number of Gly‐ir neurons in rhombomere 6 were variable from one to three per hemisegment. Labeling of these neurons by single‐cell electroporation and tracing them until the larval stage revealed that they became MiD2cm and MiD3cm, respectively. The retrograde labeling of reticulo‐spinal neurons in Tg(glyt2:gfp) larva, which express GFP in Gly‐ir cells, and a genetic mosaic analysis with glyt2:gfp DNA construct also supported this notion. Gly‐ir cells were also distributed widely in the anterior brain by 27 hpf, whereas glyt2 was hardly expressed. Double staining with anti‐glycine and anti‐GABA antibodies demonstrated distinct distributions of Gly‐ir and GABA‐ir cells, as well as the presence of doubly immunoreactive cells in the brain and placodes. These results provide evidence of identifiable glycinergic (Gly‐ir/glyt2‐positive) neurons in vertebrate embryos, and they can be used in further studies of the neurons' development and function at the single‐cell level. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 74: 616–632, 2014
Proton and Electron Transfer to a Polymer‐Supported Nitrido Molybdenum(VI) Complex
Authors: Wünsche von Leupoldt Anica , Förster Christoph , Fiedler Tobias J. , Bings Nicolas H. , Heinze Katja 
Published: December 2013

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Katja Heinze at Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany. The cover image shows the reactive imido molybdenum(V) intermediate that has been obtained by protonation followed by reduction of the nitrido molybdenum(VI) precursor anchored to a polymeric environment.
Two‐Component Hydrogels Formed by Cyclodextrins and Dicationic Imidazolium Salts
Authors: Rizzo Carla , D'Anna Francesca , Marullo Salvatore , Vitale Paola , Noto Renato 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn the framework of our recent interest in studying the gelling behaviour of imidazolium salts, we took into account the possibility of obtaining two‐component hydrogels by combining cyclodextrins and dicationic imidazolium salts. In particular, we used diimidazolium salts differing in the alkyl chain length and in the size, shape, and coordination ability of the anion, namely the 3,3′‐di‐n‐decyl‐ and 3,3′‐di‐n‐dodecyl‐1,1′‐(1,4‐phenylenedimethylene)diimidazolium dibromide, and 3,3′‐di‐n‐dodecyl‐1,1′‐(1,4‐phenylenedimethylene)diimidazolium ditetrafluoroborate and dihexafluorophosphate. As far as cyclodextrins are concerned, to gain information on the effects of different sized cyclic oligosaccharides, we used both α‐ and β‐cyclodextrins. The interaction between the organic salts and the oligosaccharides was investigated by using polarimetry, competitive fluorescence measurements, and 1H NMR spectroscopic analysis. In the case of gel formation, properties of the obtained soft materials were studied by determining their thermodynamic stability, analyzing their optical properties by means of UV/Vis spectroscopy, and studying their morphology by using scanning electron microscopy. The gelation process was studied by resonance light scattering measurements and this approach has allowed us to gather information on the size of the aggregates characterizing the gel phases. Finally, the soft materials were also investigated with respect to their ability to self‐repair after the action of external stimuli, such as magnetic stirring or ultrasound irradiation. Taken together, the data collected demonstrate that the properties of these two‐component gels can be controlled by changing the nature of the cyclodextrin, the salts, or, more simply, by changing the host/guest ratio.
On the assessment of the management priority of sediment source areas in a debris‐flow catchment
Authors: D'Agostino Vincenzo , Bertoldi Gabriele 
Published: December 2013

AbstractIn many Alpine catchments the monitoring and hazard mitigation of debris‐flow events require enormous economic and social resources. To confront these problems, a subjective estimation of the most hazardous zones of the basin could be useful in the best, sustainable planning of protective measures. In this paper, a new methodology is proposed that develops a Management Priority Index (MPI) to rank sediment source areas by their quantitative capability to deliver debris‐flow volumes to a point of interest within the catchment. The MPI sets the intervention priority based on a combination of three sub‐indicators: a susceptibility indicator evaluating the overall catchment predisposition to generate debris flow, a triggering indicator and a volume budget indicator assessing the rate of deliverable volume to a selected outlet. MPI was applied to the basin of the Rio Gadria catchment (Venosta Valley, Bolzano, Italy), an alpine basin with an unlimited sediment supply that is characterized by multiple, very active, shallow landslides and bare soil zones. The proposed ranking method was successfully verified using post‐event surveys and through evidence from consolidation check dams built over many years in the basin. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of an autologous heart valve with a stent (stent‐biovalve) using the stent eversion method
Authors: Mizuno Takeshi , Takewa Yoshiaki , Sumikura Hirohito , Ohnuma Kentaro , Moriwaki Takeshi , Yamanami Masashi , Oie Tomonori , Tatsumi Eisuke , Uechi Masami , Nakayama Yasuhide 
Published: December 2013

AbstractWe designed a novel method for constructing an autologous heart valve with a stent, called a stent‐biovalve. In constructing completely autologous heart valves, named biovalves, which used in‐body tissue architecture technology, tissues for leaflets were formed via ingrowths into narrow apertures in the preparation molds, frequently leading to delayed or incomplete biovalve preparation. In this technique, self‐expandable nitinol stents after everting were mounted on an acrylic column‐shaped part and partially covered with an acrylic cylinder‐shaped part with three slits. This assembled mold was placed into subcutaneous abdominal pouches in beagles or goats for 4 weeks. Upon removing the acrylic parts after harvesting and trimming of capsulated tissues, a tubular hollow structure with three pocket‐flaps of membranous tissue rigidly fixed to the stent's outer surface was obtained. Then, the stent was turned inside out to the original form, thus moving the pocket‐flaps from outside to the inside. Stent‐biovalves with a sufficient coaptation area were thus obtained with little tissue damage in all cases. The valve opened smoothly, and high aperture ratio was noted. This novel technique was thus highly effective in constructing a robust, completely autologous stent‐biovalve with adequate valve function. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 1038–1045, 2014.
UNDERSTANDING THE EXPERIENCE OF MENTOR FAMILIES IN THERAPEUTIC YOUTH MENTORING
Authors: Weiler Lindsey M. , Zimmerman Toni S. , Haddock Shelley , Krafchick Jennifer 
Published: December 2013

The fragility of youth‐adult mentoring relationships requires innovative program components to support and sustain these relationships and enhance participant outcomes. The current study presents and explores the experience of a unique mentoring program component known as Mentor Families, in which three to four pairs of mentors and mentees engage in structured activities together. Grounded theory methods were utilized to explore the experiences of mentors (n = 212) and mentees (n = 87) involved in Mentor Families within a mentoring program for adolescents at risk for delinquency. Findings from the current study reveal that Mentor Families provides a place (a) for mentors to receive support and supervision, (b) for mentors and mentees to belong, and (c) for mentees to grow and learn. These findings suggest that Mentor Families warrants further investigation as to how they may positively affect mentoring relationships and programs.
Hospital‐wide survey of the adequacy in the number of vascular catheters and catheter lumens
Authors: Fernández‐Ruiz Mario , Carretero Alberto , Díaz David , Fuentes Cristina , González José Ignacio , García‐Reyne Ana , Aguado José María , López‐Medrano Francisco 
Published: December 2013

BACKGROUNDRemoval of unnecessary catheters has been proposed as an important measure to reduce catheter‐related morbidity. Nevertheless, there is scarce information about the potential magnitude of such intervention.OBJECTIVEThe present study was aimed at analyzing the appropriateness of use of vascular catheters and catheter lumens in the inpatient setting.DESIGNCross‐sectional survey.SETTINGThe entire population of adult inpatients admitted to a 1368‐bed tertiary‐care hospital in a single day.MEASUREMENTSWe used a set of preestablished criteria to evaluate the appropriateness of use of vascular catheters and catheter lumens according to the number and administration regimen of intravenous drugs.RESULTSOut of 834 patients, 575 (68.9%) had ≥1 vascular catheters in place on the day of the survey. The type and distribution of the 703 surveyed catheters were peripheral venous catheter, 80.6%; central venous catheter, 15.8%; and arterial catheter, 3.6%. We found an overall mean of 2.06 ± 0.82 lumens per catheter, with significant differences between intensive care units and conventional wards (P < 0.0001). Based on our criteria, 126 out of 575 patients (21.9%) had an inappropriate number of catheters (medical wards, 20.0%; surgical wards, 23.9%; intensive care units, 26.3%), and 631 out of 14248 nonarterial catheter lumens (43.6%) were considered unnecessary.CONCLUSIONSSignificant room exists for improving the adequacy of the number of vascular catheters and catheter lumens as a potentially useful tool for decreasing the incidence of catheter‐related bloodstream infection. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2014;9:35–41. © 2013 Society of Hospital Medicine
Effects of Molecular Architecture on the Stereocomplex Crystallization in Poly(lactic acid) Blends
Authors: Rathi Sahas R. , Ng David , Coughlin E. Bryan , Hsu Shaw Ling , Golub Charles S. , Ling Gerald H. , Tzivanis Michael J. 
Published: December 2013

The crystallization behavior of two chemically identical but physically different co‐crystallizing poly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA)‐based blends is studied. The first set studied involves an all‐l unit polymer (PLLA) co‐crystallizing with a PDLA–miscible soft polyether–PDLA triblock copoly­mer, where d refers to the d isomer. The second set studied involves homopolymer blends of PLLA/miscible soft polyether/PDLA with compositions identical to the first set. Crystallization is performed under isothermal and non‐isothermal crystallization conditions and the crystallization kinetics, crystal perfection, and the blend morphology are investigated. It is clear that the stereocomplex crystallization is significantly slower in the triblock copolymer blends in comparison with the homopolymer blends. Furthermore, based on diffraction, spectroscopic, and thermal data, it is found that the stereocomplex crystals formed in the homopolymer blends achieve higher order and perfection, with a melting temperature 15–20 °C higher than those formed in the triblock blends.
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Redox‐Triggered Self‐Rolling Robust Hydrogel Tubes for Cell Encapsulation
Authors: Liu Lu , Wang Ning , Han Yanjiao , Li Yongmao , Liu Wenguang 
Published: December 2013

In this study, mechanically strong hydrogels are synthesized by photopolymerization of 2‐vinyl‐4,6‐diamino‐1,3,5‐triazine, poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, and disulfide‐containing cross‐linker, N′N‐bis(acryloyl)cystamine. The bilayer hydrogel with distinct cross‐linking density is shown to self‐roll into a 3D tube, which could still be well reinforced by hydrogen bondings, upon exposing reductants such as 1,4‐dithio‐DL‐threitol (DTT) or L‐glutathione (GSH), because the redox‐induced cleavage of disulfide bonds results in the imbalanced internal shrinking stress between two layers. At an intracellular level of GSH, model L929 cells‐seeded bilayer gel sheet could curl up into a 3D tubular scaffold where the cells maintained good viability.
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“Bio”‐Macromolecules: Polymer‐Protein Conjugates as Emerging Scaffolds for Therapeutics
Authors: Borchmann Dorothee E. , Carberry Tom P. , Weck Marcus 
Published: December 2013

Polymer‐protein conjugates are biohybrid macromolecules derived from covalently connecting synthetic polymers with polypeptides. The resulting materials combine the properties of both worlds: chemists can engineer polymers to stabilize proteins, to add functionality, or to enhance activity; whereas biochemists can exploit the specificity and complexity that Nature has bestowed upon its macromolecules. This has led to a wealth of applications, particularly within the realm of biomedicine. Polymer‐protein conjugation has expanded to include scaffolds for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and microbial inhibitors. This feature article reflects upon recent developments in the field and discusses the applications of these hybrids from a biomaterials standpoint.
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Liver fat quantification using a multi‐step adaptive fitting approach with multi‐echo GRE imaging
Authors: Zhong Xiaodong , Nickel Marcel D. , Kannengiesser Stephan A.R. , Dale Brian M. , Kiefer Berthold , Bashir Mustafa R. 
Published: December 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop a multi‐step adaptive fitting approach for liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and
quantification, and to perform an initial validation on a broadly available hardware platform.Theory and MethodsThe proposed method uses a multi‐echo three‐dimensional gradient echo acquisition, with initial guesses for the fat and water signal fractions based on a Dixon decomposition of two selected echoes. Based on magnitude signal equations with a multi‐peak fat spectral model, a multi‐step nonlinear fitting procedure is then performed to adaptively update the fat and water signal fractions and
values. The proposed method was validated using numeric phantoms as ground truth, followed by preliminary clinical validation of PDFF calculations against spectroscopy in 30 patients.ResultsThe results of the proposed method agreed well with the ground truth of numerical phantoms, and were relatively insensitive to changes in field strength, field homogeneity, monopolar/bipolar readout, signal to noise ratio, and echo time selections. The in vivo patient study showed excellent consistency between the PDFF values measured with the proposed approach compared with spectroscopy.ConclusionThis multi‐step adaptive fitting approach performed well in both simulated and initial clinical evaluation, and shows potential in the quantification of hepatic steatosis. Magn Reson Med 72:1353–1365, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Trace Gas Remote Sensing by Lasers
Authors: Lux Oliver , Fritsche Haro , Eichler Hans J. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractActive remote sensing represents a promising technology to accurately measure the atmospheric concentration of the climate‐relevant trace gases carbon dioxide and methane. For this application, frequency stabilized laser sources with high pulse energy emitting at specific absorption lines around 1.6 μm wavelength are required. While Raman frequency conversion of high power solid‐state laser systems provides sources suitable for CO2 detection, compact resonantly pumped Er:YAG lasers are demonstrated to be feasible for CH4 absorption measurements.
Fast and Selective Against Bacteria
Authors: Neugebauer Ute , Kloß Sandra , Schröder Ulrich‐Christian , Rösch Petra , Popp Jürgen 
Published: December 2013

AbstractRaman microscopy combined with chemometrics is employed to identify bacteria causing urinary tract infections from urine samples. With this method, a reliable result is obtained within three hours. This is much faster than the current gold standard urine culture as the spectroscopic approach requires no cultivation steps and a few single bacteria are sufficient. In addition, Raman spectroscopy can be employed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria. Thereby it is possible to not only quickly identify the pathogens but also to select the appropriate antibiotics for the patient avoiding inefficient treatment due to resistances. With this complex spectral information, tailored antibiotic therapy is possible already at a much earlier hour.
Surface evolution of very high dose arsenic implants in silicon formed by plasma immersion ion implantation – a long term study
Authors: Meirer Florian , Demenev Evgeny , Giubertoni Damiano , Vanzetti Lia , Gennaro Salvatore , Fedrizzi Michele , Pepponi Giancarlo , Steinhauser Georg , Vishwanath Vinayak , Foad Majeed , Bersani Massimo 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe evolution of very high dose arsenic implants in silicon formed by plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIIID) using a non‐pulsed plasma source was studied over a time period of more than one year. The study focused on the effect of arsenolite micro‐crystal formation, enhanced oxidation, and the significant As dose loss from as implanted samples at room temperature. The study was carried out combining analytical evidence from SIMS, XPS, INAA, SEM, and optical microscopy suggesting a two stage process of As dose loss, the first implying arsenolite crystal growth and the second an out‐diffusion. In fact, comparison of samples fabricated using different PIIID parameters showed that crystal growth seems not to be the only process responsible for dose loss. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Application of atomic layer deposited dopant sources for ultra‐shallow doping of silicon
Authors: Kalkofen Bodo , Amusan Akinwumi A. , Lisker Marco , Burte Edmund P. 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe advanced silicon semiconductor technology requires doping methods for production of ultra‐shallow junctions with sufficiently low sheet resistance. Furthermore, advanced 3‐dimensional topologies may require controlled local doping that cannot be achieved by ionimplantation. Here, the application of the atomic layer deposition (ALD) method for pre‐deposition of dopant sources is presented. Antimony oxide and boron oxide were investigated for such application. Ozone‐based ALD was carried out on silicon wafers by using triethylantimony or tris‐(dimethylamido)borane. Very homogeneous Sb2O5 deposition could be achieved on flat silicon wafers and in trench structures. The thermal stability of antimony oxide layers was investigated by rapid thermal annealing experiments. The layers were not stable above 750 °C. Therefore, this material failed to act as dopant source so far.In contrast, ultra‐shallow boron doping of silicon from ALD grown boron oxide films was successful. However, pure B2O3 films were highly unstable after exposure to ambient air. The boron oxide films could be protected by thin Sb2O5 or Al2O3 films that were in‐situ grown by ALD. Low temperature ALD of Al2O3 at 50 °C from trimethylaluminium (TMA) and ozone was investigated in detail with respect of its protective effect on boron oxide. Interestingly, it was observed that already one ALD cycle of TMA and O3 resulted in significant increase in stability of the boron oxide in air.(© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)