bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversing the Stereoselectivity of a Palladium‐Catalyzed O‐Glycosylation through an Inner‐Sphere or Outer‐Sphere Pathway
Authors: Xiang Shaohua , Hoang Kim Le Mai , He Jingxi , Tan Yu Jia , Liu Xue‐Wei 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAn efficient and concise method for the construction of various O‐glycosidic bonds by a palladium‐catalyzed reaction with a 3‐O‐picoloyl glucal has been developed. The stereochemistry of the anomeric center derives from either an inner‐sphere or outer‐sphere pathway. Harder nucleophiles, such as aliphatic alcohols and sodium phenoxides give β‐products, and α products result from using softer nucleophiles, such as phenol.
Introducing an In Situ Capping Strategy in Systems Biocatalysis To Access 6‐Aminohexanoic acid
Authors: Sattler Johann H. , Fuchs Michael , Mutti Francesco G. , Grischek Barbara , Engel Philip , Pfeffer Jan , Woodley John M. , Kroutil Wolfgang 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe combination of two cofactor self‐sufficient biocatalytic cascade modules allowed the successful transformation of cyclohexanol into the nylon‐6 monomer 6‐aminohexanoic acid at the expense of only oxygen and ammonia. A hitherto unprecedented carboxylic acid capping strategy was introduced to minimize the formation of the dead‐end intermediate 6‐hydroxyhexanoic acid. For this purpose, the precursor ε‐caprolactone was converted in aqueous medium in the presence of methanol into the corresponding methyl ester instead of the acid. Hence, it was shown for the first time that esterases—specifically horse liver esterase—can perform the selective ring‐opening of ε‐caprolactone with a clear preference for methanol over water as the nucleophile.
Lay Personality Theories in Interactive Decisions: Strongly Held, Weakly Supported
Authors: Cooper Dylan A. , Connolly Terry , Kugler Tamar 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn interactive decisions, cues to what others will do are important in forming a strategy. Information about others' personalities appears to be potentially valuable for this purpose. We report a series of four studies examining how information about another actor's personality influences people's own choices in interactive decisions. The studies found widespread beliefs that others' personality characteristics are strongly predictive both of broad classes of decision behavior (competition/cooperation, risk‐seeking/risk‐aversion) (Study 1) and of specific choices (Study 2) in single‐agent settings. These beliefs extended to predicting others' choices in interactive decisions (Study 3) and to shaping the predictor's own decisions in interactive play in Chicken and Assurance games (Study 4). Overall, we found extensive evidence that laypeople believe that the personality traits we selected (angry‐hostility, anxiety, assertiveness, excitement‐seeking, and warmth) have substantial effects on behavior in interactive decisions and they act on those beliefs when making their own decisions. The empirical evidence supporting the predictive validity of these traits was, however, quite weak. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zugkrafteinleitung in Beton bei mehraxialen Belastungsversuchen
Authors: Ritter Robert , Curbach Manfred 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTreten mehraxiale Spannungszustände im Beton auf, haben diese einen signifikanten Einfluss auf das Materialverhalten. Neben der festigkeitssteigernden bzw. festigkeitsmindernden Wirkung beeinflussen derartige Spannungszustände auch das Spannungs‐Dehnungs‐Verhalten maßgeblich. Zur Ermittlung des Materialverhaltens von Beton unter mehraxialer Beanspruchung ist es daher notwendig, experimentelle Untersuchungen durchzuführen. Im Rahmen von mehraxialen Zug‐Druck‐Druck‐Versuchen an Ultrahochleistungsbeton wurde festgestellt, dass es bei Spannungsverhältnissen mit kleinen Zug‐ und großen Druckbeanspruchungen zu einem randnahen Versagen der Probekörper bzw. zu einem Ablösen der Zugkrafteinleitung an der Probekörperoberfläche kommt. Durch theoretische Überlegungen konnte gezeigt werden, dass die dabei erzielten Festigkeiten nicht den tatsächlichen Festigkeitswerten des Materials entsprechen können und eine Verbesserung der Ausbildung der Zugkraftübertragung vorgenommen werden muss. Nach der Entwicklung einer neuen Zugkrafteinleitungsmethode ergaben sich signifikant höhere mehraxiale Festigkeitswerte, die auch die theoretisch festgelegte Grenze überschreiten, welche anhand von Versuchswerten, bei denen eindeutig ein Materialversagen vorlag, definiert wurde.Tension load transfer to concrete at multiaxial loading testsMultiaxial stress states have a significant influence on the material behaviour of concrete. Besides a strength increasing or decreasing effect, such stress states lead to changes of the stress‐strain‐behaviour. For the investigation of the material behaviour of concrete under multiaxial loading it is necessary to conduct experimental studies. Within the scope of multiaxial tests with ultra high performance concrete with small tension in the one and high compression loads in the other two directions it was observed, that the concrete failed close to the surface where the tensile force was initiated or, respectively, that the load transfer device detach from the specimen's surface. Because of theoretical consideration it was clear, that the achieved strength values at the tests couldn't be the “real” material strength values. Therefore, the method of tension load transfer had to be improved. After the development of a new tension load transfer method, significant higher strength values could be obtained at the tests. These values also pass the theoretically prescribed limit for “real” material strength, which was determined on experimental strength values where clearly material failure occurred.
Die CHIO Brücke in Aachen
Authors: Kerkeni Naceur , Roeser Wolfgang 
Published: November 2014

AbstractDie CHIO Brücke in Aachen ist eine integrale Fußgängerbrücke mit S‐förmigem Grundriss, die als Schrägkabelbrücke von einem 65 m hohen Pylon abgespannt wird. Die vorliegende Veröffentlichung beschreibt Planung und Bau dieses außergewöhnlichen Tragwerks, das als Entree für das Weltfest des Pferdesports 2014 in Aachen dient.The Chio Bridge in AachenThe Chio‐bridge in Aachen is an integral pedestrian bridge with an S‐shaped floor plan. It is a cable stayed bridge with a 65 m high pylon. This paper describes the design and the building process.
Vergleich der Durchstanzbemessung nach Model Code 2010 und Eurocode 2
Authors: Ricker Marcus , Siburg Carsten 
Published: November 2014

AbstractMit Model Code 2010 wurde ein neues Bemessungskonzept für den Durchstanznachweis vorgestellt, welches auf der Theorie der kritischen Schubrissbreite (Critical Shear Crack Theory) basiert. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags werden die Durchstanzwiderstände nach Model Code 2010, Eurocode 2 und den Regelungen des deutschen Anhangs zu Eurocode 2 vorgestellt und um Hintergrundinformationen ergänzt. Anhand von Parameterrechnungen und der Nachrechnungen von Durchstanzversuchen erfolgt ein Vergleich der unterschiedlichen Bemessungskonzepte. Dabei werden Sicherheitsdefizite identifiziert und die Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Einflussparameter auf die Durchstanztragfähigkeit von Flachdecken‐Stützenknoten herausgearbeitet.Comparison of punching shear design according to Model Code 2010 and Eurocode 2Model Code 2010 introduces a new design concept for punching shear, which bases on the so‐called Critical Shear Crack Theory. In this paper, the design provisions for punching shear according to Model Code 2010, Eurocode 2 and the corresponding German National Annex to Eurocode 2 are presented and background information is given. By means of parameter studies and a comparison of the calculated resistances to test result, the different punching shear design provisions are critically reviewed. The safety levels of the code provisions are verified and the influence of the different punching parameters on the calculated resistances is examined in detail.
Evidence for Independent Glycerol Electrooxidation Behavior on Different Ordered Domains of Polycrystalline Platinum
Authors: Fernández Pablo S. , Martins Cauê A. , Angelucci Camilo A. , Gomes Janaina F. , Camara Giuseppe A. , Martins Maria E. , Tremiliosi‐Filho Germano 
Published: November 2014

AbstractWe investigate the electrooxidation of glycerol (GlOH) on polycrystalline Pt. The results obtained in the presence of GlOH were compared with those of fresh and disturbed low‐index Pt single crystals [(111), (100) and (110)]. Monitoring of the oxidation currents of GlOH by cyclic voltammetry on the different surfaces revealed that the electrooxidation of GlOH is highly sensitive to the order of the polycrystalline Pt atoms. Interestingly, after being disturbed by the application of voltammetric cycles, the combined responses of the disordered single crystals become similar to that of polycrystalline Pt. The changes in the current values associated with the specific potentials at which each oxidation peak takes place suggest that different ordered domains of Pt oxidize GlOH independently. This simple approach can clearly assist in our understanding of the effect of the order of surface atoms in a given reaction, not only in electrochemical reactions.
The First One‐Pot Synthesis of Metal–Organic Frameworks Functionalised with Two Transition‐Metal Complexes
Authors: Platero‐Prats Ana E. , Bermejo Gómez Antonio , Samain Louise , Zou Xiaodong , Martín‐Matute Belén 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of a metal–organic framework (UiO‐67) functionalised simultaneously with two different transition metal complexes (Ir and Pd or Rh) through a one‐pot procedure is reported for the first time. This has been achieved by an iterative modification of the synthesis parameters combined with characterisation of the resulting materials using different techniques, including X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The method also allows the first synthesis of UiO‐67 with a very wide range of loadings (from 4 to 43 mol %) of an iridium complex ([IrCp*(bpydc)(Cl)Cl]2−; bpydc=2,2′‐bipyridine‐5,5′‐dicarboxylate, Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) through a pre‐functionalisation methodology.
Room‐Temperature Suzuki‐Miyaura Reaction Catalyzed by Palladium Nanoparticles in Lactate‐Anion Ionic Liquid
Authors: Wang Furong , Tang Sisi , Ma Hao , Wang Lefu , Li Xuehui , Yin Biaolin 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA palladium nanoparticle catalyst (PdNPs@[Bmim]Lac) has been prepared by a simple, mild and efficient chemical approach using 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium lactate ([Bmim]Lac) ionic liquid) as a stabilizer. This catalyst exhibits excellent activity, stability, recyclability and simple manipulation in Suzuki‐Miyaura reactions at room temperature in air.
A Versatile Total Synthesis of 8‐Oxyberberine and Oxohomoberberines
Authors: He Yun , Zheng Yang , Hai Li , Wu Yong 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe total syntheses of 8‐oxyberberine and oxohomoberberines were accomplished starting from commercially available 5‐bromobenzo[d][1,3]dioxole, piperonal and sesamol in high total yield. The key steps involved a modified Pomeranz‐Fritsch reaction and the intramolecular Heck cyclization. This approach is short, convenient and suitable for the preparation of homoberberine analogues.
Detecting trends in time series of functional data: A study of Antarctic climate change
Authors: Fraiman Ricardo , Justel Ana , Liu Regina , Llop Pamela 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe Spanish Antarctic Station Juan Carlos I has been registering surface air temperatures with the frequency of one reading per 10 min since the austral summer 1987–1988. Although this data set contains valuable information about the climate patterns in and around Antarctica, it has not been utilized in any existing climate studies thus far because of the concern of its substantial missing data caused by the difficulty in collecting data in the extreme winter weather conditions there. Such data sets do not fit the standard setting covered by the existing times series techniques. However, by treating the temperature readings for each summer as a function, the temperature data can be viewed as a time series of functional data. We introduce new notions of increasing trends for general time series of functional data based on the so‐called record functions, and also develop useful nonparametric tests for such trends. Following our analysis, the data collected from Juan Carlos I Station exhibit an increasing trend in the Antarctic temperature. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 42: 597–609; 2014 © 2014 Statistical Society of Canada
Mindfulness‐based cancer recovery and supportive‐expressive therapy maintain telomere length relative to controls in distressed breast cancer survivors
Authors: Carlson Linda E. , Beattie Tara L. , Giese‐Davis Janine , Faris Peter , Tamagawa Rie , Fick Laura J. , Degelman Erin S. , Speca Michael 
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUNDGroup psychosocial interventions including mindfulness‐based cancer recovery (MBCR) and supportive‐expressive group therapy (SET) can help breast cancer survivors decrease distress and influence cortisol levels. Although telomere length (TL) has been associated with breast cancer prognosis, the impact of these two interventions on TL has not been studied to date.METHODSThe objective of the current study was to compare the effects of MBCR and SET with a minimal intervention control condition (a 1‐day stress management seminar) on TL in distressed breast cancer survivors in a randomized controlled trial. MBCR focused on training in mindfulness meditation and gentle Hatha yoga whereas SET focused on emotional expression and group support. The primary outcome measure was relative TL, the telomere/single‐copy gene ratio, assessed before and after each intervention. Secondary outcomes were self‐reported mood and stress symptoms.RESULTSEighty‐eight distressed breast cancer survivors with a diagnosis of stage I to III cancer (using the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging system) who had completed treatment at least 3 months prior participated. Using analyses of covariance on a per‐protocol sample, there were no differences noted between the MBCR and SET groups with regard to the telomere/single‐copy gene ratio, but a trend effect was observed between the combined intervention group and controls (F [1,84], 3.82; P = .054; η2 = .043); TL in the intervention group was maintained whereas it was found to decrease for control participants. There were no associations noted between changes in TL and changes in mood or stress scores over time.CONCLUSIONSPsychosocial interventions providing stress reduction and emotional support resulted in trends toward TL maintenance in distressed breast cancer survivors, compared with decreases in usual care. Cancer 2015;121:476–484. © 2014 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society.
Production of Renewable Hexanols from Mechanocatalytically Depolymerized Cellulose by Using Ir‐ReOx/SiO2 catalyst
Authors: Liu Sibao , Okuyama Yasuyo , Tamura Masazumi , Nakagawa Yoshinao , Imai Akio , Tomishige Keiichi 
Published: November 2014

AbstractHexanols were produced in high yield by conversion of cellulose over Ir‐ReOx/SiO2 (molar ratio Re/Ir=2) catalyst in biphasic reaction system (n‐decane+H2O). The cellulose was depolymerized by mechanocatalysis with the aid of H2SO4. The influence of solvent amount, reaction temperature and hydrogen pressure was systematically investigated and the highest yield of hexanols reached 60 % under the conditions of n‐decane/water ∼2 (v/v), 413 K, 10 MPa H2 for 24 h. Mechanocatalytic depolymerization of cellulose with the aid of H2SO4 or HCl and the use of sufficient n‐decane were very crucial for the production of hexanols. H2SO4 not only catalyzed cellulose to water‐soluble oligosaccharides but also promoted the hydrogenolysis activity of Ir‐ReOx/SiO2 catalyst. The role of n‐decane was to extract hexanols and to suppress over‐hydrogenolysis of hexanols to n‐hexane.
The relationship between disordered eating and cigarette smoking among adult female twins
Authors: Fairweather‐Schmidt Kate , Wade Tracey D. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTObjectiveWhile previous studies have shown a link between cigarette smoking and disordered eating (DE), it is less clear whether this association can be explained by attempts to control weight and/or temperament. This study had two aims: to examine weight/shape and DE symptomatology associated with weight control‐related smoking and disordered eating; second, to investigate whether temperament‐based factors explain the association between compensatory smoking and weight and shape‐related characteristics, and disordered eating symptoms.MethodFemale twins (N = 1,002) from the Australian Twin Registry, aged 28–39 years, were assessed by interview yielding lifetime diagnostic information of disordered eating and use of cigarette smoking for weight control. Self‐report measures of temperament were available.ResultsWomen who had never smoked (50.6%, n = 495) or had smoked for reasons other than weight and shape control (42.5%, n = 415) were generally not differentiated with respect to indicators of disordered eating. Women who smoked for reasons primarily associated with weight and shape control (6.9%, n = 67) had significantly higher levels of disordered eating than non‐smokers identified as being higher levels of purging (OR = 4.55, 95% CI = 2.41–8.59) and fasting (OR = 9.32, 94% CI = 4.43–19.90) but not objective binge episodes (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 0.71–3.99). Of those women diagnosed with lifetime eating disorders, weight‐control smokers had higher levels of purging (OR = 4.22, 95% CI = 1.13–15.80) than those who did not. There were no differences in temperament.DiscussionResults support co‐occurrence of smoking for weight control and purging in both community and clinical groups, and indicate this association is related to weight control and not temperament. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2015; 48:708–714)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in bald (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and golden (Aquila chrysaetos) eagles from Washington and Idaho, USA
Authors: Spears Brian Lee , Isanhart John 
Published: November 2014

Abstract

Little is known about the exposure and accumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the 2 species of eagles inhabiting North America. The authors analyzed the livers of 33 bald eagles and 7 golden eagles collected throughout Washington and Idaho, USA, for 51 PBDE congeners. Total PBDEs ranged from 2.4 ng/g to 9920 ng/g wet weight. Bald eagles and eagles associated with large urban areas had the highest PBDE concentrations; golden eagles and eagles from more sparsely populated areas had the lowest concentrations. Congener patterns in the present study (brominated diphenyl ether [BDE]-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, and BDE-154 dominating concentrations) were similar to those reported for other bird species, especially raptors. However, the authors also found elevated contributions of BDE-209 in golden eagles and BDE-77 in both species. Patterns in bald eagle samples reflected those in fillets of fish collected from the same general locations throughout Washington, suggesting local exposure to runoff-based contamination, whereas patterns in golden eagle samples suggest a difference in food chain uptake facilitated by atmospheric transport and deposition of BDE-209 and its degradation products into the terrestrial system. Data from the present study represent some of the first reported on burdens of PBDEs in juvenile and adult eagles from North America. The high PBDE liver concentrations associated with large metropolitan areas and accumulation of deca-BDE congeners are a cause for concern. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2795–2801. Published 2014 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Conventional and high‐dose daunorubicin and idarubicin in acute myeloid leukaemia remission induction treatment: a mixed treatment comparison meta‐analysis of 7258 patients
Authors: Sekine Leo , Morais Vinícius Daudt , Lima Karine Margarites , Onsten Tor Gunnar Hugo , Ziegelmann Patrícia Klarmann , Ribeiro Rodrigo Antonini 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPrevious meta‐analyses suggested that acute myeloid leukaemia induction regimens containing idarubicin (IDA) or high‐dose daunorubicin (HDD) induce higher rates of complete remission (CR) than conventional‐dose daunorubicin (CDD), with a possible benefit in overall survival. However, robust comparisons between these regimens are still lacking. We conducted a mixed treatment comparison meta‐analysis regarding these three regimens. Mixed treatment comparison is a statistical method of data summarization that aggregates data from both direct and indirect effect estimates. Literature search strategy included MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scielo and LILACS, from inception until August 2013 and resulted in the inclusion of 17 trials enrolling 7258 adult patients. HDD [relative risk (RR) 1.13; 95% credible interval (CrI) 1.02–1.26] and IDA (RR 1.13; 95% CrI 1.05–1.23) showed higher CR rates than CDD. IDA also led to lower long‐term overall mortality rates when compared with CDD (RR 0.93, 95% CrI 0.86–0.99), whereas HDD and CDD were no different (RR 0.94, 95% CrI 0.85–1.02). HDD and IDA comparison did not reach statistically significant differences in CR (RR 1.00; 95% CrI 0.89–1.11) and in long‐term mortality (RR 1.01, 95% CrI 0.91–1.11). IDA and HDD are consistently superior to CDD in inducing CR, and IDA was associated with lower long‐term mortality. On the basis of these findings, we recommend incorporation of IDA and HDD instead of the traditional CDD as standard treatments for acute myeloid leukaemia induction. The lack of HDD benefit on mortality, when compared with CDD in this study, should be cautiously addressed, because it may have been susceptible to underestimation because of statistical power limitations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Benefit of slow titration of paroxetine to treat depression in the elderly
Authors: Olgiati Paolo , Bajo Emanuele , Serretti Alessandro ,   the C.E.A.P (Cost‐Effectiveness Analysis on Psychiatric Disorders) ‐ group
Published: November 2014

ObjectiveParoxetine is commonly used to treat depression in the elderly; however, titration issues have been raised. Rapid titration may lead to increased anxiety and early dropout. The aim of this cost–utility analysis was to compare the potential benefit of standard (10 mg the first day) versus slow titration (2.5 mg gradually increased).MethodsClinical analysis was based on a naturalistic trial integrated with a decision‐analytic model representing second treatments for those who initially did not respond and for dropout cases. Treatment setting was a public outpatient center for mental disorders in Italy. Service use data were estimated from best practice guidelines, whereas costs (Euros; 2012) were retrieved from Italian official sources.ResultsSlow titration approach produced 0.031 more quality‐adjusted life years (remission rate: 57% vs 44% in standard titration group) at an incremental cost of €5.53 (generic paroxetine) and €54.54 (brand paroxetine syrup). Incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) values were €159 and €1768, respectively, in favor of slow titration approach. Cost‐effectiveness threshold, defined as ICER < 1 GDP per capita according to World Health Organization criteria, is about €25 000 in Italy.ConclusionsOur results are consistent with a superiority of slow titration of paroxetine in older depressed patients. However, these findings, in part based on simulated data, need to be replicated in clinical trials. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.