bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of host plants on aphid feeding behavior, fitness, and Buchnera aphidicola titer
Authors: Liu Shen , Liu Xiao‐Bei , Zhang Tian‐Tao , Bai Shu‐Xiong , He Kang‐Lai , Zhang Yong‐Jun , Francis Frédéric , Wang Zhen‐Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAphids are sap‐feeding plant pests that depend on their symbiotic relationships with the primary endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola to adapt to impoverished diets. However, how the host plant affects the aphid primary symbiont and aphid adaptation to host plant transfer are poorly known. In this study, aphid symbiont screening and genotype identification were used to establish 2 aphid strains (Rhopalosiphum maidis [Rm] and Rhopalosiphum padi [Rp] strains) containing only Buchnera without any secondary symbionts for both wheat aphid species (R. maidis and R. padi). Aphid fitness and Buchnera titers were unstable on some of these host plants after transferring to novel host plants (G1–G5), which were influenced by host plant species and generations; however, they stabilized after prolonged feeding on the same plants for 10 generations. The electropenetrography (EPG) records showed that the allocation of aphid feeding time was significantly distinct in the 6 host plants; aphids had more intracellular punctures and spent more nonprobing time on green bristlegrass which was not conducive to its growth compared with other plants. The content of soluble sugar, soluble protein, and amino acid in the leaves of the 6 host plants were also clearly separated. The correlation coefficient analysis showed that the nutrient contents of host plants had significant correlations with aphid feeding behaviors, fitness, and Buchnera titers. In the meantime, aphid fitness, and Buchnera titers were also affected by aphid feeding behaviors. Also, Buchnera titers of aphid natural populations on 6 host plants showed a visible difference. Our study deepened our understanding of the interaction among aphids, endosymbionts, and host plants, indicating that the host plant nutrient content is a predominant factor affecting aphid adaptation to their diet, initially affecting aphid feeding behaviors, and further affecting aphid fitness and Buchnera titers, which would further contribute to exploiting new available strategies for aphid control.
Rethinking pubertal research: Embracing intersectionality
Authors: Carter Rona , Seaton Eleanor K. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractScholars acknowledge the significant role of puberty in the risks for adverse outcomes. However, we lack understanding of the relevant social and structural factors at play. Current theoretical approaches to research on puberty were posited based on the experiences of White, middle‐class girls who developed early or late, disregarding the interplay among cultural, societal, and individual factors that shape perceptions of pubescent children and their experiences. The limited focus on timing effects has failed to generate comprehensive knowledge of broader pubertal experiences. In this article, we argue that intersectional understanding can overcome current deficiencies in research on puberty. We critique the predominant theoretical approaches in pubertal research, provide an overview of the intersectionality framework, and elucidate how intersectionality can be incorporated into puberty research. We conclude with recommendations for research. In so doing, we hope the intersectionality framework allows scholars of puberty to rethink how pubertal effects are examined.
Validating an Index of Selection Bias for Proportions in Non‐Probability Samples
Authors: Hammon Angelina , Zinn Sabine 
Published: August 2024

SummaryFast online surveys without sampling frames are becoming increasingly important in survey research. Their recruitment methods result in non‐probability samples. As the mechanism of data generation is always unknown in such samples, the problem of non‐ignorability arises making vgeneralisation of calculated statistics to the population of interest highly questionable. Sensitivity analyses provide a valuable tool to deal with non‐ignorability. They capture the impact of different sample selection mechanisms on target statistics. In 2019, Andridge and colleagues proposed an index to quantify potential (non‐ignorable) selection bias in proportions that combines the effects of different selection mechanisms. In this paper, we validate this index with an artificial non‐probability sample generated from a large empirical data set and additionally applied it to proportions estimated from data on current political attitudes arising from a real non‐probability sample selected via River sampling. We find a number of conditions that must be met for the index to perform meaningfully. When these requirements are fulfilled, the index shows an overall good performance in both of our applications in detecting and correcting present selection bias in estimated proportions. Thus, it provides a powerful measure for evaluating the robustness of results obtained from non‐probability samples.
Illness perception and family resilience in gynaecologic cancer patients: A study on the mediating role of hope
Authors: Xu Xiaoxiang , Li Min 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the level of family resilience among patients with gynaecologic cancer and explore hope as a mediator between perceptions of illness and family resilience.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodFrom May to October 2022, researchers used convenience sampling to survey 320 patients with gynaecological cancer at a level 3A hospital in Jinan City. The study instruments included the General Information Questionnaire, Family Hardiness Index, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and Herth Hope Index. SPSS 26.0 was used to analyse the mediation effect of hope.ResultsThe mean score for family resilience was 55.86 ± 8.62. Illness perception was negatively associated with family resilience, while hope was positively associated with it. Additionally, hope mediated the relationship between illness perception and family resilience.ConclusionThere is considerable room for improvement in family resilience among patients with gynaecologic cancer. Interventions aimed at increasing hope can enhance family resilience.ImpactHealthcare providers can boost family resilience by fostering hope in patients, thereby promoting effective coping and adaptation to cancer.Patient or Public ContributionPatients primarily completed the questionnaires, providing insights into the factors that hindered and facilitated the development of family resilience. These findings were communicated to caregivers for further understanding and action.
Cost‐effectiveness of neuropsychological rehabilitation for acquired brain injuries: Update of Stolwyk et al.'s (2019) review
Authors: Mancuso Mauro , Valentini Ilaria , Basile Michele , Bowen Audrey , Fordell Helena , Laurita Roberta , Möller Marika C. , Williams Lindy J. , Zoccolotti Pierluigi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAcquired brain injuries (ABI), resulting from stroke or traumatic brain injury, cause a range of neuropsychological impairments and many patients continue to experience neuropsychological deficits years after onset. The increasing average age of the population highlights the importance of effective management strategies for the consequences of ABI. Despite the well‐documented impact of rehabilitation interventions, the cost‐effectiveness of neuropsychological rehabilitation remains largely unknown. This study conducted a scoping review to update the findings of Stolwyk et al. (Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2021, 31, 316), focusing on the economic evaluations of neuropsychological rehabilitation for individuals with ABI. Following the PIO framework, PRISMA ScR guidelines, and systematic review reporting checklist, the review screened 1027 articles and included eight studies published between 2019 and 2024. The studies encompassed either language rehabilitation or general neuropsychological programs, including neuropsychological interventions. The economic analyses, including two cost‐effectiveness, five cost‐utility, and one cost–benefit study, mostly adhered to CHEERS guidelines, enhancing the transparency and methodological rigour of their reporting. These studies demonstrated varying degrees of cost‐effectiveness for interventions targeting post‐stroke language disorders and neuropsychological rehabilitation for ABI, with significant cost savings and health benefits observed, particularly for home‐based rehabilitation interventions. The included studies suffered from a short time horizon, limiting the ability to capture the long‐term economic impacts and effectiveness of the interventions. Future research should focus on longer‐term follow‐up data and include broader search strategies to enhance understanding and optimise health care interventions. A comprehensive implementation of these economic analyses is crucial for informing policymakers, enabling them to introduce rehabilitative interventions based on solid evidence.
Perioperative Management of Pediatric Combined Heart and Liver Transplantation: A 17 year single center experience
Authors: Navaratnam Manchula , Li Emma Xi , Chen Sharon , Margetson Tristan , Wolke Olga , Ma Michael , Ebel Noelle H. , Bonham C. Andrew , Ramamoorthy Chandra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAn increasing number of centers are undertaking combined heart and liver transplantation in adult and pediatric patients with congenital heart disease.AimThe primary aim of this study was to describe the perioperative management of a single center cohort, identifying challenges and potential solutions.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of all patients undergoing combined heart and liver transplantation at Stanford Children's Hospital from 2006 to 2022. Preoperative information included cardiac diagnosis, hemodynamics, and severity of liver disease. Intraoperative data included length of surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and blood products transfused. Postoperative data included blood products transfused in the intensive care unit, time to extubation, length of intensive care unit stay, survival outcomes and 30‐day adverse events.ResultsEighteen patients underwent en bloc combined heart and liver transplantation at Stanford Children's Hospital from 2006 to 2022, and the majority 15 (83%) were transplanted for failing Fontan circulation with Fontan Associated Liver Disease. Median surgical procedure time was 13.4 [11.5, 14.5] h with a cardiopulmonary bypass time of 4.3 [3.9, 5.8] h. Median total blood products transfused in the operating room post cardiopulmonary bypass was 89.4 [63.9, 127.0] mLs/kg. Nine patients (50%) had vasoplegia during cardiopulmonary bypass. Activated prothrombin complex concentrates were used post cardiopulmonary bypass in 15 (83%) patients with a 30‐day thromboembolism rate of 22%. Median time to extubation was 4.0 [2.8, 6.5] days, median intensive care unit length of stay 20.0 [7.8, 48.3] days and median hospital length of stay 54.0 [30.5, 68.3] days. Incidence of renal replacement therapy was 11%; however, none required renal replacement therapy by the time of hospital discharge. Neurological events within 30 days were 17% and the 30 day and 1 year survival was 89%.ConclusionsPerioperative challenges include major perioperative bleeding, unstable hemodynamics, and end organ injury including acute kidney injury and neurological events. Successful outcomes for en bloc combined heart and liver transplantation are possible with careful multidisciplinary planning, communication, patient selection, and integrated peri‐operative management.
How do polycentric governance systems adapt? The role of forums explored in Dutch metropolitan areas
Authors: Bousema Ingo , Busscher Tim , Rauws Ward , Leendertse Wim 
Published: August 2024

AbstractForums play a crucial role in how polycentric governance systems adapt by allowing actors to deliberate on how to respond to exogenous change. However, the exact role of forums remains unclear, as prior studies on polycentric governance often examine different types of actors and network structures separately. To address this issue, we combine insights from actor and network level analyses to compare how actors in three Dutch metropolitan areas use forum shifting, shopping, and linking as strategies to create and adjust forums in response to a change in national spatial policy. We find that actors create and adjust forums through a combination of strategies. Combining strategies not only helps to create and adjust forums but also legitimizes their existence. Which strategies are combined depends on the interaction between actors that are both resource rich and highly active, and how these actors are positioned in a particular polycentric governance network.
Survival and Disease Progression in Older Adult Patients With Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Al-Smadi Khaled , Qureshi Ammar , Buitrago Michelle , Ashouri Besher , Kayali Zeid 
Published: August 2024

Background: Cirrhosis incidence in older adult patients has been increasing with limited data on their survival. This study is aimed at investigating the survival and disease progression in older adult patients with cirrhosis compared to younger patients.Methods: This is a retrospective single‐center study. Patients aged above 50 with a confirmed diagnosis of cirrhosis based on biopsy, FibroSure test, splenomegaly, and low platelets < 120 × 109/L) or imaging findings including FibroScan were included. Patients with active substance abuse, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), prior spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), variceal hemorrhage, model for end‐stage liver disease‐Na (MELD − Na) ≥ 20, had liver transplantation, malignancy except for squamous cell carcinoma, and other comorbidities such as congestive heart failure (CHF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and end‐stage kidney disease with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 30 were excluded. Patients’ records from the liver clinic were reviewed and demographics, laboratory, and compensation and decompensation status were collated. Patients were separated into two groups based on age 50–64 years and age ≥ 65. The primary endpoint was death, and the secondary endpoint was disease progression measured by the baseline to 12‐month increase in MELD‐Na score. The Kaplan–Meier analysis was conducted to compare the survival between the two groups. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for poor survival.Results: A total of 191 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 80 patients aged 50–64 years and 111 patients aged ≥ 65 years. Significantly shorter survival times were seen among patients aged ≥ 65 years compared to those aged 50–64 years (73.3 ± 4.8 vs. 151.5 ± 22.7; p < .001). Age of diagnosis ≥ 65 years (p < 0.001), male gender (p = .013), body mass index (BMI) < 30 (p = 0.005), and decompensation (p = 0.008) were found to be independent risk factors for poor survival. MELD‐Na scores increased significantly in 12 months of follow‐up from baseline, but only in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (p = 0.013).Conclusions: Cirrhotic patients aged ≥ 65 years have significantly poor survival compared to younger patients. A prospective study is needed to further investigate the effect of age and obesity on survival and disease progression in older adult patients with cirrhosis.
Abstract 1662: Heparin Cofactor II Deficiency Causes Accelerated Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis in Mice
Authors: Aihara Ken-ichi , Azuma Hiroyuki , Akaike Masashi , Ikeda Yasumasa , Yagi Shusuke , Iwase Takashi , Sumitomo Yuka , Sata Masataka , Kato Shigeaki , Matsumoto Toshio 
Published: August 2024

(Background) Enhanced thrombin generation has been recognized as one of major risk factors in the development of thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Heparin cofactor II (HCII) is a serine protease inhibitor that specifically inhibits thrombin action at the site of injured vascular wall. We previously reported that a high level of plasma HCII activity reduces incidences of in-stent restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention and carotid plaque (

Circulation

2004
;
109
:
461
–5, 2761–5

). However, it is not clear what role HCII plays in the development of thrombosis and atherosclerosis.

(Methods and Results) HCII homozygous mutant mice we generated were embryonic lethal. Therefore, we employed HCII heterozygous mutant (HCII+/−) mice in this study. No structural differences in the femoral artery and aortic root between HCII+/+ mice and HCII+/− mice were observed, whereas prominent neointimal hyperplasia (2.2+/−0.3 mm2 in HCII+/+ mice vs 3.4+/−0.4 mm2 in HCII+/− mice, p<0.05) and higher incidence of arterial occlusion due to thrombosis (20% in HCII+/+ mice vs 40% in HCII+/−mice, p<0.05) were noted in HCII+/− mice after femoral artery wire denudation injury. Whole blood aggregation was enhanced in HCII+/− mice compared to that in HCII+/+ mice. Next, we generated HCII+/− ApoE−/− mice and found that the double-mutant mice manifested lower plasma total cholesterol level than that in HCII+/+ ApoE−/ − mice (298+/−18 mg/dl in HCII+/+ ApoE−/ − mice vs 257+/−18 mg/dl in HCII+/− ApoE−/ − mice, p<0.05). However, atherosclerotic plaque area (1.1+/−0.3 mm2 in HCII+/+ ApoE−/ − mice vs 2.1+/−0.4 mm2 in HCII+/− ApoE−/ −mice, p<0.05), protease activated receptor 1, a major thrombin receptor, and F4/80, a marker of macrophage-positive cells, were significantly increased in the aortic root of HCII+/− ApoE−/ −mice compared to those in HCII+/+ ApoE−/ − mice.
(Conclusions) HCII has protective roles against the formation of thrombosis and atherosclerosis induced by mechanical and metabolic vascular stresses. Therefore, HCII may be a novel therapeutic target for atherothrombosis.
Abstract 2571: Two-dimensional Ultrasound Speckle Tracking Imaging is Useful in Assessing the Magnitudes of Inertia Force of Late Systolic Aortic Flow and Left Ventricular Elastic Recoil
Authors: Wakami Kazuaki , Ohte Nobuyuki , Nagata Takahiro , Asada Kaoru , Fukuta Hidekatsu , Sakata Seiichiro , Mukai Seiji , Kobayashi Kenji , Kimura Genjiro 
Published: August 2024

We previously reported that an absence of inertia force (IF) of late systolic aortic flow is one of the causes of diastolic dysfunction through the loss of left ventricular (LV) elastic recoil in patients with coronary artery disease. Preserved LV apical wall motion is substantial to give IF to the aortic flow (

JACC

2006
;
48
:
983

). A novel 2-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) enables us to assess local LV myocardial function. We investigated whether LV longitudinal systolic strain, especially in apical region, obtained using 2D-STI had a relation with IF.

Methods: Study subjects were consecutive 59 patients who underwent diagnostic cardiac catheterization and 2D-STI (Velocity Vector Imaging, Siemens) on the same day. Thirty three of them had prior myocardial infarction (18 anterior wall, 9 infero-posterior wall, 2 lateral wall, and 4 combined). Five were diagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy. The remaining 21 had no localized LV wall motion abnormality (8 stable angina pectoris, 2 exercise test abnormality, 2 atypical chest pain, and 9 reevaluation after coronary intervention). Longitudinal LV strain was measured on the sample line set along the endocardium in the both apical 4- and 2-chamber views. Zero strain was set at end-diastole. Strain profiles were obtained in 6 segments on each view. Then, an LV strain value at end-systole (Ses) in each patient was obtained as an average value from these strain profiles. LV pressure was obtained using a catheter-tipped micromanometer. From the recorded pressure waves, first derivative of LV pressure (dP/dt) and a time constant τof LV pressure decay during isovolumic relaxation were calculated. From LV pressure-dP/dt relationships (phase loop), IF was determined.
Results: The mean Ses had significant correlations both with the time constant τ(r=-0.74, p<0.0001) and with the IF (r=0.67, p<0.0001). Furthermore, the mean Ses at the LV apical region had much closer correlations both with the time constant τ(r=-0.77, p<0.0001) and with the IF (r=0.80, p<0.0001).
Conclusion: These findings indicate that the magnitudes of IF and LV elastic recoil could be noninvasively estaimated by Ses obtained using 2D-STI. LV apical wall motion abnormality has a strong impact on LV early diastolic function.
Deux généalogies politiques Shang : systèmes sacrificiels et tensions mémorielles
Authors: Boileau Gilles 
Published: August 2024

Résumé
Cet article analyse les évolutions historiques du zhouji 周祭, un cycle sacrificiel Shang dédié à des ancêtres non royaux et royaux, mis en place sous le règne du roi Zu Jia 祖甲. Les références à l’anthropologie permettent alors de faire un certain nombre d’observations portant sur les structures des lignages Shang : ces cycles prenaient en compte à la fois les modes divers de transmission du pouvoir royal et les relations établies par le truchement de mariages entre les différentes branches des plus importants lignages de la dynastie. Nous avons également examiné un autre cycle autour d’un sacrifice (beng 祊) commencé sous le règne de Wen Ding 文丁, de portée plus restreinte et visant à légitimer une transmission père-fils du pouvoir monarchique. La comparaison entre ces deux cycles permet d’entrevoir les tensions existant entre les lignages. En conclusion, nous tentons de relier ces tensions à l’essence du pouvoir monarchique sous les Shang et plus généralement.
The effect of acute social isolation on neural molecular responses in components of the social decision-making network
Authors: Lopes Patricia C. , Chang Madeleine , Holloway Faith , Fatusin Biola , Patel Sachin , Siemonsma Chandler , Kindel Morgan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractProlonged or chronic social isolation has pronounced effects on animals, ranging from altered stress responses, increased anxiety and aggressive behaviour, and even increased mortality. The effects of shorter periods of isolation are much less well researched; however, short periods of isolation are used routinely for testing animal behaviour and physiology. Here, we studied how a 3 h period of isolation from a cagemate affected neural gene expression in three brain regions that contain important components of the social decision-making network, the hypothalamus, the nucleus taeniae of the amygdala, and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, using a gregarious bird as a model (zebra finches). We found evidence suggestive of altered neural activity, synaptic transmission, metabolism, and even potentially pain perception, all of which could create cofounding effects on experimental tests that involve isolating animals. We recommend that the effects of short-term social isolation need to be better understood and propose alternatives to isolating animals for testing.