bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Harvesting under Large Temperature Gradient – Comparison of Silicides, Half-Heusler Alloys and Ceramics
Authors: Wunderlich Wilfried 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This paper reports about a new four-step analysis method for thermoelectric (TE) materials. While the Seebeck coefficient is usually measured under small temperature gradient, we report here the measurement of TE materials under large temperature gradient. The examined materials were Ag- and Bi-doped Mg2Si, Si80Ge20, the ceramic composite NaTaO3-Fe2O3, the half-Heusler alloy (TiZr)NiSn, and the clathrates Ba8Cu
x
Si48-x
with x=8, 12. The results show that the latter two metallic-like material groups have a low internal resistance. Hence, their output power is achieved at large electric currents with high carrier concentrations, while ceramic and silicides show the maximum output power at lower carrier concentration, which is considered to be a result of their large effective masses. The Arrhenius plot of the output energy yielded isosbestic-like points for ceramic-like materials, while the metal-like specimens show constant activation energies in the order of less than 0.1 eV. While all compared materials have reported ZT values around 0.4, the output energy was similar and measured as around 0.01 mW. Advantages of the metallic TE materials are their high carrier concentration and easy processing, disadvantages are their sensitivity to impurities and oxidation.
Mechanical Properties of Sandy Soil Improved
with Cement and Nanosilica
Authors: Choobbasti Asskar Janalizadeh , Vafaei Ali , Kutanaei Saman Soleimani 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In the literature, studies show that nanosilica
particles and artificial pozzolans possessing can improve
structural properties of cement-based materials. This paper
studies the effect of cement and nanosilica on the engineering
properties (compaction, unconfined compressive
strength) of sand. Three different cement ratios (5, 9, and
14% by weight of dry sand) were mixed with four different
nano silica ratios (0, 5, 10, and 15% by weight of cement),
and then compacted into a cylindrical specimen. The results
of the study presented that the addition of the cement
and nanosilica improves the engineering properties
of sands. The increase of maximum dry unitweight of sand
was noted with the increase in the cement content. The
presence of nanosilica in optimal percentages can significantly
improve the mechanical properties of cement sand.
Using an artificial neural network for the evaluation of the parameters controlling PVA/chitosan electrospun nanofibers diameter
Authors: Karimi Mohammad Ali , Pourhakkak Pouran , Adabi Mahdi , Firoozi Saman , Adabi Mohsen , Naghibzadeh Majid 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of an artificial neural network (ANN) method in the prediction of nanofiber diameter to assess the parameters involved in controlling fiber form and thickness. A mixture of polymers including poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan (CS) at different ratios was chosen as the nanofiber base material. The various samples of nanofibers were fabricated as training and testing datasets for ANN modeling. Different networks of ANN were designed to achieve the purposes of this study. The best network had three hidden layers with 8, 16 and 5 nodes in each layer, respectively. The mean squared error and correlation coefficient between the observed and the predicted diameter of the fibers in the selected model were equal to 0.09008 and 0.93866, respectively, proving the efficacy of the ANN technique in the prediction process. Finally, three-dimensional graphs of the electrospinning parameters involved and nanofiber diameter were plotted to scrutinize the implications.
2D and 3D seismic measurements to evaluate thecollapse risk of an important prehistoric cave insoft carbonate rock
Authors: Leucci Giovanni , Giorgi Lara De 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The southern part of the Apulia region (theSalento peninsula) has been the site of at least fifteen collapseevents due to sinkholes in the last twenty years. Themajority of these occurred in "soft" carbonate rocks (calcarenites).Man–made and/or natural cavities are sometimesassets of historical and archaeological significance.This paper provides a methodology for the evaluation ofsinkhole hazard in "soft" carbonate rocks, combining seismicand mine engineering methods.Acase study of a naturalcavity which is called Grotta delle Veneri is illustrated.For this example the approach was: i) 2D and 3D seismicmethods to study the physical-mechanical characteristicsof the rock mass that constitutes the roof of the cave; andii) scaled span empirical analysis in order to evaluate theinstability of the crown pillar’s caves.
Newly developed paleomagnetic map of the EasternmostMediterranean joined with tectono-structural analysis unmaskgeodynamic history of this region
Authors: Eppelbaum Lev , Katz Youri 
Published: February 2015

AbstractComprehensive magnetic-paleomagnetic analysisof physical-geological models developed for the EasternmostMediterranean (northern part of the Sinai plate)accompanied by gravity and seismic data examination enabledthe detection of a zone of inverse magnetizationof submeridional strike with a total volume exceeding120,000 km3. Such a large zone must correspond to theprolonged period of inverse polarity in the Earth’s magneticfield history. We suggest that this inversely magnetizedthick block of the Earth’s crust corresponds tothe known Kiama hyperzone. A paleomagnetic map constructedon the basis of abovementioned geophysical dataanalysis combined with detailed examination of structural,radiometric, petrological, facial, paleogeographicaland some other data indicates that to the west ofthe Kiama zone is situated the Jalal zone, and to theeast – Illawarra, Omolon and Gissar zones. Discovery ofthe Kiama paleomagnetic zone combined with tectonogeodynamicalanalysis and paleobiographical data examinationindicates that the Earth’s oceanic crust blocks mayhave been shifted by transform faults from the eastern partof the Tethys Ocean to their modern position in the EasternmostMediterranean. Analysis of potential geophysicalfields and seismological maps integrated with tectonostructuralexamination show the isolation of the northernpart of Sinai plate from other terranes. For the first timeformation-paleogeographical maps of Triassic and Jurassicfor the Easternmost Mediterranean have been compiledand their tectono-geodynamical explanation hasbeen given. The obtained data create a basis for reconsideringtectonic zonation, paleogeodynamical reconstructionsand searching for economic deposits in this region.
Wood-based activated carbons for supercapacitors with organic electrolyte
Authors: Dobele Galina , Volperts Aleksandrs , Telysheva Galina , Zhurinsh Aivars , Vervikishko Daria , Sametov Anatoly , Shkolnikov Evgeny , Ozolinsh Jurijs 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The thermocatalytical synthesis conditions required for the activation of wood charcoal with NaOH in terms of the formation of pores in its structure were investigated. The present study was conducted to explore the potential application of activated carbons as electrodes in supercapacitors with organic electrolyte. The total pore volume and micro- and mesopore ratio were controlled by the activation temperature and alkali addition rate. The working characteristics of carbon electrodes (e.g., specific capacity and ohmic losses) in supercapacitors are strongly influenced by the properties of the pores in their structures. Herein, the optimal ratio of raw material to activator and activation temperature are established: an increase in the ratio of NaOH to carbonizate rate by a factor of 2 and setting the synthesis temperature at 700°C positively influence the electrochemical characteristics of supercapacitors and provide them with specific capacities of up to 160 F g-1.
Numerical Simulation to Study the Effect of Arc Travelling Speed and Welding Sequences on Residual Stresses in Welded Sections of New Ferritic P92 Pipes
Authors: Wang Xiaowei , Gong Jianming , Zhao Yanping , Wang Yanfei , Ge Zhiqiang 
Published: February 2015

AbstractNew ferritic P92 steel is widely used in modern power plants due to its good combination of mechanical and physical properties. However, cracks are often formed in the welded sections during the fabrication or service. In order to ensure the structure integrity, the effects of residual stresses need to be considered. The objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of arc travelling speed and welding sequences on the residual stresses distribution in the welded sections of P92 pipes by finite element method (FEM). Results show that arc travelling speed and welding sequences have great effects on residual stresses distribution. With the arc travelling speed increasing, the residual stresses increase. Meanwhile, welding sequences of case B present smaller residual stresses and more symmetrical distribution of residual stresses at the weld centre line. Therefore, using slower arc travelling speed and case B welding sequences can be useful to decrease the residual stresses, which provides a reference for optimizing the welding technology and improving the fabrication process of new ferritic P92 welded pipes with small diameter and thick wall.
A Power Regulation and Droop Mode Control Method for a Stand-Alone Load Fed from a PV-Current Source Inverter
Authors: Khayamy Mehdy , Ojo Olorunfemi 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A current source inverter fed from photovoltaic cells is proposed to power an autonomous load when operating under either power regulation or voltage and frequency drooping modes. Input–output linearization technique is applied to the overall nonlinear system to achieve a globally stable system under feasible operating conditions. After obtaining the steady-state model that demarcates the modes of operation, computer Simulation results for variations in irradiance and the load power of the controlled system are generated in which an acceptable dynamic response of the power generator system under the two modes of operation is observed.
Translation and Evaluation of the Cultural Awareness Scale for Korean Nursing Students
Authors: Oh Hyunjin , Lee Jung-ah , Schepp Karen G 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBackground: To evaluate the effectiveness of a curriculum for achieving high levels of cultural competence, we need to be able to assess education intended to enhance cultural competency skills. We therefore translated the Cultural Awareness Scale (CAS) into Korean (CAS-K). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cross-cultural applicability and psychometric properties of the CAS-K, specifically its reliability and validity.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used to conduct the evaluation. A convenience sample of 495 nursing students was recruited from four levels of nursing education within four universities in the city of Daejeon, South Korea.Results: This study provided beginning evidence of the validity and reliability of the CAS-K and the cross-cultural applicability of the concepts underlying this instrument. Cronbach’s alpha ranged between 0.59 and 0.86 (overall 0.89) in the tests of internal consistency. Cultural competency score prediction of the experience of travel abroad (r=0.084) and the perceived need for cultural education (r=0.223) suggested reasonable criterion validity. Five factors with eigenvalues >1.0 were extracted, accounting for 55.58% of the variance; two retained the same items previously identified for the CAS.Conclusion: The CAS-K demonstrated satisfactory validity and reliability in measuring cultural awareness in this sample of Korean nursing students. The revised CAS-K should be tested for its usability in curriculum evaluation and its applicability as a guide for teaching cultural awareness among groups of Korean nursing students.
Nearest-neighbor matchup effects: accounting for team matchups for predicting March Madness
Authors: Hoegh Andrew , Carzolio Marcos , Crandell Ian , Hu Xinran , Roberts Lucas , Song Yuhyun , Leman Scotland C. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractRecently, the surge of predictive analytics competitions has improved sports predictions by fostering data-driven inference and steering clear of human bias. This article details methods developed for Kaggle’s
Solutions of minus partial ordering equations
over von Neumann regular rings
Authors: Guan Yu , Tong Zhaojia 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we mainly derive the general solutions of two systems of minus partial ordering equations
over von Neumann regular rings. Meanwhile, some special cases are correspondingly presented. As applications, we
give some necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions. It can be seen that some known results
can be regarded as the special cases of this paper.
Pulse Propagation in a Non-Linear Medium
Authors: Edah Gaston , Adanhounmè Villévo , Kanfon Antonin , Guédjé François , Hounkonnou Mahouton Norbert 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This paper considers a novel approach to solving
the general propagation equation of optical pulses in
an arbitrary non-linear medium. Using a suitable change
of variable and applying the Adomian decomposition
method to the non-linear Schrödinger equation, an analytical
solution can be obtained which takes into accountparameters
such as attenuation factor, the second order
dispersive parameter, the third order dispersive parameter
and the non-linear Kerr effect coefficient. By analysing the
solution, this paper establishes that this method is suitable
for the study of light pulse propagation in a non-linear
optical medium.
High temperature and pressure effects on the elastic properties
of B2 intermetallics AgRE
Authors: Liu Lili , Wu Xiaozhi , Li Weiguo , Wang Rui , Liu Qing 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The high temperature and pressure effects on the
elastic properties of the AgRE (RE=Sc, Tm, Er, Dy, Tb) intermetallic
compounds with B2 structure have been performed
from first principle calculations. For the temperature
range 0-1000 K, the second order elastic constants
for all the AgRE intermetallic compounds follow a normal
behavior: they decrease with increasing temperature. The
pressure dependence of the second order elastic constants
has been investigated on the basis of the third order elastic
constants. Temperature and pressure dependent elastic
anisotropic parameters A have been calculated based
on the temperature and pressure dependent elastic constants.
Response of a fractional nonlinear system to
harmonic excitation by the averaging method
Authors: Duan Jun-Sheng , Huang Can , Liu Li-Li 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In this work, we consider a fractional nonlinear
vibration system of Duffing type with harmonic excitation
by using the fractional derivative operator -∞−1Dα
t and the
averaging method. We derive the steady-state periodic response
and the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency
relations. Jumping phenomena caused by the nonlinear
term and resonance peaks are displayed, which is similar
to the integer-order case. It is possible that a minimum
of the amplitude exists before the resonance appears for
some values of the modelling parameters, which is a feature
for the fractional case. The effects of the parameters in
the fractional derivative term on the amplitude-frequency
curve are discussed.
SUSY partners for spin-1/2 systems in nonrelativistic limits
Authors: Takou Daniel Sabi , Avossevou Gabriel Y.H. , Kounouhewa Basile B. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In this paper, we use some well-known techniques
of Supersymmetric QuantumMechanics (SUSYQM)
namely the factorization method and shape invariance,
to generate new analytically solvable potentials from
some interacting fermionic models in nonrelativistic limits.
These systems are described by the ordinary and the
harmonically trapped Schrödinger-Pauli particle models
and the Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian, this latter being set
in its nonrelativistic limits. The spectrum for each of these
models is obtained in a simple and transparent way. We
then generate new solvable potentials that describe interactions
between electromagnetic field and matter, paying
due attention to the subtleties inherent in the application
of SUSY to higher dimensional problems. SUSY breaking
problems related to the partner singularities are dicussed
along with the paper.
Comparing All-or-Nothing and Proportionate Damages: A Rent-Seeking Approach
Authors: De Mot Jef , Miceli Thomas J. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
This paper compares the all-or-nothing and proportionate damage rules for allocating damages in tort cases under evidentiary uncertainty. The focus is on how the two rules affect litigation expenditures by plaintiffs and defendants. The results of simulation experiments show that the expected judgment at trial is higher under the all-or-nothing rule for cases where the defendant did not take adequate care, but the judgment is higher under the proportionate rule when the defendant took more than adequate care. As for litigation expenditures, assuming equal costs of litigation, overall expenditures are higher under the all-or-nothing rule, except for very weak and very strong cases.
Dynamics of the Sulfate Ion in Dilute Water-DMF Solutions
Authors: Nomura Hiroyasu , Koda Shinobu , Sakurai Takashi 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The Raman band of the v1(A1) mode of SO4
2- of Li2S04 dissolved in water and water-dimethyl-formamide mixtures was measured in the concentration range 0.01 to 0.2 mol • dm-3. The central frequency of the sulfate ion increases with sulfate concentration. The limiting frequency at infinite dilution depends on the DMF content. The Raman band becomes asymmetric with increasing concentration of Li2SO4 in 20 wt% DMF mixtures and with addition of LiCl to the aqueous solution of Li2SO4. The vibrational relaxation behavior of the v1(A1) mode was investigated by analyzing the vibrational correlation function based on Kubo's stochastic theory.
On the Structure Factor for Water at Small Wavenumbers
Authors: Trokhymchuk A. D. , Holovkob M. F. , Heinzinger K. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The possibility of the existence of a pre-preak in the structure factor of water at 0.6 Å¯1 is discussed on the basis of the combination of computer simulation and integral equation theory techniques. It indicates spatial correlations in water at distances of the order of 10 Å.
Molecular Dynamics in the Solid Trimethylamine-Borane Complex: A Deuterium NMR Study
Authors: Penner Glenn H. , Zhao Baiyi , Jeffrey Kenneth R. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The molecular dynamics of solid (CH3)3NBH3 is investigated by deuterium NMR spectroscopy. Variable temperature lineshape analyses yield activation energies of 27 ± 3, 19 ± 2, and 12.5 ± 2 kJ/mol for -CH3, -N(CH3)3 and -BH3 rotation, respectively. Analysis of the temperature depen­ dence of the spin-lattice relaxation times, T1 , gives activation energies of 33 ± 3, 15 ± 1.5, and 14 ± 1.5 kJ/mol, respectively. Direct comparison of rotational exchange rates (from lineshape simu­ lations) an of rotational correlation times (from T1 analyses) for -N(CH3)3 and -BH3 rotation indicate that the two motions are correlated in solid (CH3)3NBH3 and together constitute a whole molecule reorientation about the N-B bond. This is supported by an internal rotational barrier of 18.0 kJ/mol for-BH3 rotation, obtained from ab initio molecular orbital calculations at the MP2/6-31G* level.
Computer-Aided Arrhenius-Evaluation of Kinetic Data
Authors: Hugo P. , Leonhardt J. , Wagner S. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A new evaluation method is presented to analyse the temperature dependance of reactions with rates that can be separated into a temperature dependent and a concentration dependent part. The proposed method allows to evaluate isothermal, adiabatic, isoperibolic and temperature programmed measurements in an unified manner. To determine the activation energy an Arrhenius law but no explicite kinetic model has to be assumed. The application of the method is demonstrated using experimental data of different reactions from former investigations.
On the Madelung Part of Lattice Energy
Authors: Hoppe Rudolf 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The Born-Haber Cycle (BHC) is critically reviewed, the origin of severe limitations in its appli­ cation is shown. Partly this is based on the construction of the third step, partly it is connected with the fact that most of the "classical" anions of inorganic chemistry are instable, "unobservable" gaseous entities. The Madelung Part of Lattice Energy, MAPLE*, is extentionally analyzed (e.g. TiO2) to demonstrate that the similarity of thermodynamical properties like ΔH°298 of all modifica­ tions, reflected in MAPLE, is non-trivial. The analogous analysis with e.g. BaTiO3 proves that neither the classical "central ion" (here Ti4+) nor the "completing" cation (here Ba2+) but the "anions" coordinating the last mentioned cation BaO gain energy and, in this sense, "stabilize" the complex. Even simple compounds (e.g. A-La2O3) show surprising geometrical arrangements, in striking contrast to often used but simple minded concepts like "Bond Length/Bond Strength" and its derivatives like CHARDI, whereas such "oddities" are explained by MAPLE. The application of the theorem of additivity of MAPLE (MAPLEpolynary = Σ MAPLEbinary), that passes even in the case of hydrates, and its limitations are discussed. Guided by MAPLE, surprisingly complicated structures (e.g. Cs2Li3I5) of polynary derivatives of structurally exceedingly simple binary com­ pounds become "understandable". If "molecular" entities like SO3 are involved, limitations can be excluded using "increments". Last not least, MAPLE is the first known guide to a multi-dimen-sional but strict scheme of characterisation of Solid State Structures in the sense of Linne's ideas, based on geometrical facts only.
Wandgekühlte chemische Festbettreaktoren und deren Modellierung mit Ein-und Zweiphasenmodellen
Authors: Hein Steffen , Vortmeyer Dieter 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Experimentally determined temperature and concentration profiles in a wall-cooled fixed-bed catalytic reactor are modelled equally well by the quasihomogeneous and heterogeneous model at a Reynolds number of Rep = 32. In both cases the good agreement between measured and calculated data is only achieved if the equations are solved for a radially uneven flow distribution and for a boundary condition at the reactor wall ensuring the same temperature of catalyst and wall at the contact point. The numerical solutions of the two-phase model demonstrate that the differences between solid and fluid temperature are low, even in the presence of a highly exothermic reaction like the oxidation of ethane.
An Optical Method for the Determination of the Cholesteric Pitch in Liquid Crystals
Authors: Dierking Ingo , Gießelmann Frank , Zugenmaier Peter 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Preparation of a cholesteric liquid crystalline phase in planar orienting liquid crystal cells exhibits discontinuous colour changes with temperature when viewed between crossed polarizers. The trans­ mission spectra of such a system can be described by a modified de Vries equation, with the birefringence dispersion included in a simplified single-band model. With a suitable choice of the cell gap as compared to the cholesteric pitch, the procedure can be used as a new method to determine the temperature dependence of the cholesteric pitch.
Algebraic Solution of the Coincidence Problem in Two and Three Dimensions
Authors: Baake Michael , Pleasants Peter A. B. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The coincidence problem is analyzed in an illustrative fashion for some lattices and modules in two and three dimensions which are important for crystals and quasicrystals. We give a complete description of the groups of coincidence rotations with their associated indices and encapsulate their statistics by means of generating functions.