bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal structures and their relation to magnetic topology in RFX-mod
Authors: Orlandi Luca , Piron Lidia , Gobbin Marco , Franz Paolo , Rigoni Andrea 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A statistical analysis of plasma temperature profiles in RFX-mod plasmas reveals that improved thermal structures can be observed in chaotic magnetic topologies, specifically in the so-called multiple helicity (MH) states. The improved thermal structures feature high electron temperatures, up to 1.2 keV, enhanced temperature gradient and radial extension which have been conventionally only &#xD; attainable in organized quasi-single helicity (QSH) states. The analysis reported here suggests a possible role of the m = 1, n = −7 and &#xD; the m = 1, n = −8 modes (where m and n are the poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively) in MH states, where the plasma &#xD; retains good temperature properties. These findings, also supported by numerical ORBIT simulations, indicate that the magnetic islands of the innermost resonant modes may act as regions of improved energy confinement, opening new avenues for understanding the connection between the plasma’s magnetic topology and thermal properties. This paves the way for new sets of experiments in RFX-mod2, with the aim of exploring these mechanics in detail and improving the thermal properties of RFP plasmas.
The Impact of Periodic Internal Undulating Vacuum Channels on the Emission Performance of Photocathodes
Authors: Sha Weiwei , Zhang Junju , Li Li , Cai Yi , Wang Yong , Hao Guanghui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Vacuum channel GaAs photocathode assemblies exhibit a high emission current and good structural stability, meeting the requirements for cathode emission beams in some terahertz vacuum devices. Advances are required in the design of electron sources applicable in a range of terahertz vacuum devices and large scientific facilities. The photocathode surface in existing systems is not a perfect plane. In order to understand the impact of cathode unevenness on emission, the theoretical model of uneven surface morphology affecting the emittance is derived. The theoretical solution indicates that emittance increases with greater amplitude, decreases with larger period, and rises with a stronger applied electric field. Meanwhile, Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software is utilized to study the electron emission characteristics of three forms of periodic undulation (rectangular wave, sine wave, and triangular wave) vacuum channel surfaces. The simulation results have shown that under different laser power, the collection efficiency of sinusoidal and rectangular wave channel surfaces is 6% and 3% higher, respectively, than that of smooth surfaces. When the gate voltage increases from 5 V to 25 V, the collection efficiency of rectangular and triangular wave channel surfaces increases by ca. 7%. The average emission angle is also considered in assessing the effect of geometric morphology on the cathode assembly emission performance. The average emission angle of the rectangular wave channel surface is slightly larger, indicating a relatively weaker emission capability. The results generated in this study can inform the surface design of new GaAs-based photocathodes.&#xD;
Quantum computing of the electronic structure of crystals by the Variational Quantum Deflation algorithm
Authors: Ďuriška Michal , Miháliková Ivana , Friak Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) and its extension, Variational Quantum Deflation (VQD), have emerged as promising algorithms for computing ground and excited state energy eigenvalues of Hamiltonians, particularly in quantum physics, chemistry, and materials science. \textcolor{black}{Recently, the VQE and VQD algorithms were implemented to calculate the electronic band structure described by the tight-binding Hamiltonian}. Despite their success for simple models, scalability remains a challenge due to the need for a large number of circuit executions, limited qubit coherence times, and low gate fidelities. In this work, we implemented the VQE and VQD algorithms for tight-binding models of diamond and zincblende crystal structures (Sn, C, Si, Ge, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, and GaP) using a quantum computer simulator. We investigate the scalability challenges, focusing on the significant overhead caused by a large number of quantum circuit executions required to find the energy eigenvalues. Our analysis highlights the substantial amount of both measurement and optimization overheads in VQD, particularly as the number of excited states increases. Based on our findings, we critically discuss the implications of implementing VQD on current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices.
Observational viability of anisotropic inﬂation revisited
Authors: Roushan Maryam , Rashidi Narges , Nozari Kourosh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We investigate anisotropic inflation within the single-field model&#xD;featuring an intermediate scale factor. Our analysis reveals that&#xD;the anisotropic nature of the Friedmann equations in this framework&#xD;affects the slow-roll parameters, which in turn influence key&#xD;perturbation parameters. Using a numerical approach, we derive&#xD;constraints on the intermediate parameter $\beta$ and the&#xD;anisotropic parameter $c$. Our results show that the model is&#xD;consistent with Planck2018 TT, TE, EE +lowE+lensing+BK14+BAO data at&#xD;$68\%$ CL, for $0.84<\beta<1$ and $7.34<c<27.7$. At $95\%$ CL the&#xD;consistency holds for $0.77<\beta<1$ and $7.17<c<28.9$. The model is&#xD;also consistent with Planck2018 TT, TE, EE +lowE+lensing+BK18+BAO&#xD;data, for $0.91<\beta<1$ and $8.00<c<27.4$ (at $68\%$ CL), and&#xD;$0.88<\beta<1$ and $7.40<c<28.8$ (at $95\%$ CL). Additionally, we&#xD;examine the reheating phase using these constraints on constraints&#xD;on $\beta$ and $c$ and determine the observationally consistent&#xD;ranges for the number of e-folds and the temperature during the&#xD;reheating phase.&#xD;
Distributed Quantum Circuit Partitioning and Optimization Based on Combined Spectral Clustering and Search Tree Strategies
Authors: Chen Zilu , Guan Zhijin , Cheng Xueyun , Zhao Shuxian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era, a single Quantum Processing Unit (QPU) is insufficient to implement large-scale quantum algorithms, which has driven extensive research into distributed quantum computing (DQC). DQC involves the cooperative operation of multiple QPUs but is concurrently challenged by excessive communication complexity. To address this issue, this paper proposes a quantum circuit partitioning method based on spectral clustering. The approach transforms quantum circuits into weighted graphs and, through the computation of the Laplacian matrix and clustering techniques, identifies candidate partition schemes that minimize the total weight of the cut. Additionally, a global gate search tree strategy is introduced to meticulously explore opportunities for merged transfer of global gates, thereby minimizing the transmission cost of distributed quantum circuits and selecting the optimal partition scheme from the candidates. Finally, the proposed method is evaluated through various comparative experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that the spectral clustering-based partitioning exhibits robust stability and efficiency in runtime in quantum circuits of different scales. In experiments involving the Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) algorithm and Revlib quantum circuits, the transmission cost achieved by the global gate search tree strategy is significantly optimized.
Collective impact of higher order deformations of target nuclei on the fusion dynamics of heavy-ion induced reactions
Authors: SHARMA HARSHIT , Kumar Raj , Sharma Manoj K 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Several studies of fusion reaction dynamics have been focused on the impact of quadrupole $\beta_2^{\pm}$ deformation. However, existing literature highlights the importance of the octupole $\beta_3^{\pm}$ and hexadecapole $\beta_4^{\pm}$ deformations associated with both the projectile and target nuclei. However, the collective influence of these deformations $\beta_2$,$\beta_3$ and $\beta_4$ on the fusion reaction dynamics has not been explored explicitly. The present study investigates the collective influence of higher order deformations, up to $\beta_4$, on the barrier characteristics $V_B$, $R_B$, and $\hbar\omega$, and their consequent impact on the fusion cross-sections of heavy-ion induced reactions in the mass range $163\leq$A$\leq182$. The reactions are examined at both compact and elongated configurations of the deformed nuclei. The investigation of heavy ion-induced reactions that consists of target nuclei with higher-order deformations, up to $\beta_4$, reveals a notable alteration in the barrier characteristics $V_B$ and $R_B$, along with a significant change in orientation $\theta_i$ for both compact and elongated configurations. In addition, the incorporation of deformations up to $\beta_4$ and their corresponding orientations $\theta_i$ contributes to enhanced capture cross-sections $\sigma_{cap}$, as well integrated cross-sections $\sigma_{int.}$, resulting in a better agreement with experimental data for $^{16}$O-induced reactions with $^{148}$Nd, $^{149-150}$Sm, and $^{32}$S-induced reactions with $^{150}$Sm. The study concludes that incorporation of deformations of all orders up to $\beta_4$ at their optimized compact and elongated configurations is essential as it provides better outcomes compared to the optimized configurations of $\beta_2$ and $\beta_3$ deformed nuclei.
Lorentz Symmetry Violation in Charged Black Hole Thermodynamics and Gravitational Lensing: Effects of the Kalb-Ramond Field
Authors: Mangut Mert , Mangut Huriye Gürsel , SAKALLI İzzet 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the consequences of Lorentz symmetry violation in the thermodynamics and gravitational lensing of charged black holes coupled to the Kalb-Ramond field. We first explore the impact of Lorentz-violating parameters on key thermodynamic properties, including the Hawking temperature, entropy, and specific heat, demonstrating significant deviations from their Lorentz-symmetric counterparts. Our analysis reveals that the Lorentz-violating parameter $b$ induces modifications in phase transitions and stability conditions, offering novel insights into black hole thermodynamics. Additionally, the influence of Lorentz symmetry breaking on gravitational lensing is examined using modifications to the Rindler-Ishak method, showing that these effects enhance the bending of light near compact objects. Our findings, derived within the framework of the standard model extension and bumblebee gravity models, suggest that Lorentz-violating corrections could lead to observable astrophysical phenomena, providing potential tests for deviations from Einstein's theory of relativity.
Research on Rationally Oversampled Channelization Algorithm for Ultra-Wideband Signals
Authors: Du Xu , zhang hailong , GUO Shaocong , Yazhou Zhang , WANG Jie , YE Xinchen , Li Jian , CAI Wen-na , Wu Han , ZHANG Ting 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To address the issues of low accuracy and high computational complexity in tra ditional channelization techniques for ultra-wideband signals, this paper proposes a novel rationally oversampled channelization method to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of sig nal processing. The proposed method is evaluated by implementing and comparing critically sampled and integer oversampled channelization algorithms. A detailed analysis of the impact of different oversampling factors and filter orders on performance is provided. The validity of the proposed algorithm is verified using baseband data from the pulsar J0437-4715 observed by the Parkes telescope, demonstrating its effectiveness and correctness.
Electrical and magnetic stimulation separately modulates the extent and direction of neurite outgrowth in an ionically conductive hydrogel
Authors: Neuman Katelyn , Zhang Xiaoyu , Schellberg Bryan , Lewis Laura H , Koppes Abigail N , Koppes Ryan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Objective: The use of conductive materials for aiding peripheral nerve regeneration is a promising method to recapitulate native conductance of nerve tissue and facilitate the delivery of exogeneous stimulation for enhanced recovery. This study systematically investigated the effects of applying electrical or magnetic stimulation to neurons within new ionically conductive hydrogels.&#xD;Approach: The material properties of ionically conductive Gel-Amin hydrogels (Gelatin methacryloyl [GelMA] + Choline acrylate) were compared to those of GelMA hydrogels. Neonatal rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were encapsulated in both hydrogel formulations, subjected to electrical or magnetic stimulation, and evaluated for differences in neuronal extension. Peripheral glia, Schwann cells (SCs), were subjected to the same stimuli and their secretion of various neurotrophic analytes were investigated. &#xD;Main Results: Gel-Amin hydrogels are 4x more ionically conductive than GelMA hydrogels. The application of electrical stimulation to the encapsulated cells led to a significant decrease (76%) in DRG outgrowth when encapsulated in GelMA versus the Gel-Amin hydrogel. In contrast, magnetic stimulation led to directional neurite extension in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field gradient. &#xD;Significance: We present here the first report of a controlled, direct comparison of electric and magnetic stimulation on whole DRG in synthetic materials. The combination of electrical and magnetic stimulation decreased total neurite outgrowth but led to more directional growth. Aspects of the material and type of stimuli were noted to reduce several cytokine secretion levels from primary SC cultures. These results highlight the importance of understanding material and biophysical interactions to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration. &#xD;
Dareplane: a modular open-source software platform for BCI research with application in closed-loop deep brain stimulation
Authors: Dold Matthias , Pereira Joana , Sajonz Bastian , Coenen Volker A , Thielen Jordy , Janssen Marcus , Tangermann Michael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Objective - This work introduces Dareplane, a modular and broad technology-&#xD;agnostic open source software platform for brain-computer interface research with&#xD;an application focus on adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS). One difficulty for&#xD;investigating control approaches for aDBS resides with the complex setups required&#xD;for aDBS experiments, a challenge Dareplane tries to address.&#xD;Approach - The key features of the platform are presented and the composition&#xD;of modules into a full experimental setup is discussed in the context of a Python-&#xD;based orchestration module. The performance of a typical experimental setup on&#xD;Dareplane for aDBS is evaluated in three benchtop experiments, covering (a) an easy-&#xD;to-replicate setup using an Arduino microcontroller, (b) a setup with hardware of an&#xD;implantable pulse generator, and (c) a setup using an established and CE certified&#xD;external neurostimulator. The full technical feasibility of the platform in the aDBS&#xD;context is demonstrated in a first closed-loop session with externalized leads on a&#xD;patient with Parkinson’s disease receiving DBS treatment and further in a non-invasive&#xD;BCI speller application using code-modulated visual evoked responses (c-VEP).&#xD;Main results - The platform is implemented and open-source accessible on&#xD;https://github.com/bsdlab/Dareplane. Benchtop results show that performance of the&#xD;platform is sufficient for current aDBS latencies, and the platform could successfully be&#xD;used in the aDBS experiment. The timing-critical c-VEP speller could be successfully&#xD;implemented on the platform achieving expected information transfer rates.&#xD;Significance - The Dareplane platform supports aDBS setups, and more generally&#xD;the research on neurotechnological systems such as brain-computer interfaces. It&#xD;provides a modular, technology-agnostic, and easy-to-implement software platform to&#xD;make experimental setups more resilient and replicable.&#xD;Clinical trial number - DRKS000287039
Use of sandwich structures in biomedical applications: an innovative design for external ring fixators
Authors: Çetin Ahmet 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Sandwich structures are known for their excellent strength-to-weight ratio and are being increasingly used in the automotive, aerospace, marine, and construction sectors. These structures may also offer promising designs for other fields such as biomedical fixation devices, in which the combination of lightness and stiffness is of paramount importance. This study investigated the potential of fabricating orthopedic external ring fixators from sandwich panels to develop innovative designs and broaden the scope of sandwich-structure applications. Semicircular and circular rings were fabricated from sandwich panels composed of carbon fiber composite face sheets and a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foam core. It is evident from the available literature that epoxy/carbon fiber-reinforced composite and PVC materials with appropriate biocompatibility are used in a large number of medical devices. Layered carbon fiber composites and aluminum rings were also tested to provide a point of comparison. The mechanical results demonstrated that the sandwich rings exhibited a load-carrying capacity comparable to that of aluminum rings typically utilized in surgical procedures while exhibiting a weight reduction of approximately 60%. They provide approximately four times the mechanical advantage for specific stiffness and strength. They weigh approximately half as much as layered composite rings and are more cost-effective owing to the reduced use of carbon fibers. Furthermore, the innovative sandwich design exhibited significantly superior radiolucency compared to other rings, thus reducing the risk of confusion between the fixator and bone during stabilization and surgical operations. In summary, the sandwich rings exhibited notable improvements in load capacity, lightness, mechanical advantage, radiolucency, and cost. The proposed design has the potential to expand the applications of sandwich structures considerably, offering a cost-effective and commercially viable solution for biomedical fixators.
Performance Evaluation of Wireless Node Positioning Over α − η − µ Fading Channel
Authors: Misra NARENDRA MOHAN , Soni S. K. , Mishra Rajan , Upaddhyay Vipin Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The increasing demand for diverse services, ubiquitous coverage, and device-oriented point-to-point communications necessitates a focus on user mobility in characterizing the wireless channel environment. This study addresses the random waypoint mobility (RWP) model, where users follow a zigzag path between waypoints, causing significant fluctuations in perceived signal power. Recognizing the critical role of mobility-driven channel modelling in optimizing network infrastructure, this paper evaluates user mobility in non-linear and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios, leveraging the α-η-µ fading distribution. We derive a closed-form expression for the probability distribution function (PDF) by integrating the RWP mobility model with the α-η-µ fading channel. The study explores path loss exponent variations under different node positioning dimensions (1-D, 2-D, and 3-D). The novel RWPmodelled α-η-µ composite fading channel PDF is then used to quantify performance metrics, including outage performance and bit error rate (BER) in communication systems, particularly in the context of evolving to 5G networks. Additionally, this work considers dynamic node mobility in various distributions such as one-sided Gaussian, exponential, Nakagami-m (with its discrete version Chi), Rayleigh, and Weibull. The obtained results from the derived expressions are rigorously validated through Monte Carlo simulations.&#xD;
Hybrid Feature Based Deep Ensemble Approach for Indian Sign Language Recognition
Authors: Das Soumen , Biswas Saroj K. , Purkayastha Biswajit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Sign Language Recognition System (SLRS) represents an advanced technology designed to improve accessibility in communication within the deaf community, replacing the conventional method of relying on human translators. However, the current SLR systems for Indian Sign Language (ISL) suffer from inefficiency and a lack of robustness due to their reliance on a single classifier. To address these limitations, this research paper introduces a robust and efficient SLRS named Hybrid Deep Ensemble Network (HD-ENet1) for recognizing ISL words. The proposed HD-ENet1 incorporates a technique for selecting keyframes based on histogram differences which effectively eliminates redundant frames. To enhance system performance and ensure robustness, the method leverages a weighted average ensemble approach, utilizing three distinct models: LSTM, ConvLSTM, and BiLSTM networks as base classifiers. In order to determine the optimal combination of weights, the HD-ENet1 integrates the Hill Climbing (HC) optimization technique. The performance of the HD-ENet1 is measured with repeated k-fold cross validation technique where the proposed system demonstrated an average classification accuracy of 97.32% on the Indian Sign Language (ISL) dataset and 98.78% on the benchmark LSA64 dataset. A comparative analysis is conducted with several SLRS, revealing that the suggested approach consistently outperformed the existing approaches.
Fragmented Care and Guideline-Concordant Treatment in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Mvemba Audrey , Liang Jessica , Swanson Megan , Yoshida Emi , Ueda Stefanie , Fuh Katherine , Chen Lee-may , Cham Stephanie 
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE:
To characterize and estimate rates of fragmented care, to investigate its association with the receipt of guideline-concordant treatment, and to evaluate treatment components at risk with fragmented care.

METHODS:
This is a single-institution retrospective study of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (stage IB3–IVA) from January 2003 to September 2023. We stratified patients into fragmented and nonfragmented care groups based on receipt of all care at our institution or if they received any component of care outside of our institution. The primary outcome, receipt of guideline-concordant treatment, was defined as a composite of 1) completion of treatment within 56 days, 2) completion of brachytherapy, and 3) receipt of concurrent chemotherapy. Demographic and treatment data were collected, including the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), a census tract–based measure of disadvantage. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.

RESULTS:
Two hundred eighty-six patients were identified; 75.5% received fragmented care. Those receiving nonfragmented care were significantly more likely to receive guideline-concordant treatment than those receiving fragmented care (71.4% vs 50.9%, P=.003). This was driven primarily by rates of timely completion (81.4% vs 60.6%, P=.001). Univariate analysis indicated that fragmented care (odds ratio [OR] 0.42, 95% CI, 0.23–0.74) and Medicaid insurance (OR 0.40, 95% CI, 0.20–0.78) were significantly associated with lower odds of guideline-concordant treatment. Multivariate analyses controlling for a priori confounders of insurance type and SVI showed that fragmented care (OR 0.45, 95% CI, 0.23–0.90) and Medicaid insurance (OR 0.42, 95% CI, 0.19–0.89) were independently associated with lower odds of guideline-concordant treatment. Multivariate analysis controlling for demographic covariates found even lower odds of receiving guideline-concordant treatment in those who received fragmented care (OR 0.39, 95% CI, 0.18–0.84) and who had Medicaid insurance (OR 0.35, 95% CI, 0.16–0.78).

CONCLUSION:
More than 75% of patients received fragmented care, which had a significant clinical effect and was associated with significantly lower rates of guideline-concordant treatment.