bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety Disorders in Patients with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators: Frequency, Course, Predictors, and Patients’ Requests for Treatment
Authors: LANG SASKIA , BECKER RÜDIGER , WILKE STEFANIE , HARTMANN MECHTHILD , HERZOG WOLFGANG , LÖWE BERND 
Published: October 2013

ObjectivesTo determine (1) the frequency and course of anxiety disorders in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), (2) the predictors of anxiety, (3) the treatment situation and patients’ requests for therapy.MethodsQuantitative and qualitative methods in a prospective design. At baseline, 327 ICD outpatients completed validated self‐report questionnaires (participation rate = 77%). Five months later, a predefined subsample of patients (n = 108, participation rate = 81%) consisting of all patients with (n = 58) and a randomly selected subsample of patients without (n = 50) elevated symptoms of anxiety at baseline, was reassessed using a structured diagnostic interview, the baseline questionnaires, and open‐ended questions.ResultsAt baseline, 19.2% of patients suffered from at least some form of clinically relevant anxiety with an overall remission rate of 56.5% at follow‐up. Predictive for anxiety at follow‐up were higher levels of stress (odds ratio [OR], 1.52, P < 0.001), depression (OR, 1.26, P < 0.001), somatic symptom severity (OR, 1.25, P < 0.001), more perceived ICD‐related constraints (OR, 2.4, P = 0.007), lower quality of life (physical health: OR, 0.91, P = 0.004; mental health: OR, 0.87, P = 0.001), and a higher New York Heart Association class (OR, 7.99, P = 0.002) at baseline. Only 35.3% of patients received an evidenced‐based treatment for their anxiety disorder. A supervised ICD patient group was the most preferred treatment (51.1%).ConclusionsMost patients seemed to adapt well to ICD therapy. Patients suffering from additional psychological strains and reporting more negative ICD‐related attitudes were at risk for developing an anxiety disorder. Special tailored interventions, such as a supervised ICD patient group, could reduce the gap between treatment needs and the treatment situation.
The production of recombinant cationic α‐helical antimicrobial peptides in plant cells induces the formation of protein bodies derived from the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Company Nuri , Nadal Anna , La Paz José‐Luis , Martínez Sílvia , Rasche Stefan , Schillberg Stefan , Montesinos Emilio , Pla Maria 
Published: October 2013

SummarySynthetic linear antimicrobial peptides with cationic α‐helical structures, such as BP100, are valuable as novel therapeutics and preservatives. However, they tend to be toxic when expressed at high levels as recombinant peptides in plants, and they can be difficult to detect and isolate from complex plant tissues because they are strongly cationic and display low extinction coefficient and extremely limited immunogenicity. We therefore expressed BP100 with a C‐terminal tag which preserved its antimicrobial activity and demonstrated significant accumulation in plant cells. We used a fluorescent tag to trace BP100 following transiently expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and showed that it accumulated in large vesicles derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) along with typical ER luminal proteins. Interestingly, the formation of these vesicles was induced by BP100. Similar vesicles formed in stably transformed Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings, but the recombinant peptide was toxic to the host during latter developmental stages. This was avoided by selecting active BP100 derivatives based on their low haemolytic activity even though the selected peptides remained toxic to plant cells when applied exogenously at high doses. Using this strategy, we generated transgenic rice lines producing active BP100 derivatives with a yield of up to 0.5% total soluble protein.
Donors' characteristics and impact on outcomes in pediatric heart transplant recipients
Authors: Conway Jennifer , Chin Clifford , Kemna Mariska , Burch Michael , Barnes Aliessa , Tresler Margaret , Scheel Janet N. , Naftel David C. , Beddow Kimberly , Allain‐Rooney Tina , Dipchand Anne I. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractOrgan availability and acceptability limit pediatric HTx. What characteristics define an unacceptable or high‐risk pediatric donor remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterize a large cohort of pediatric donors and determine the donor risk factors, including cumulative risk, that affect recipient survival. Data from the PHTS, a prospective multicenter study, were used to examine the impact of donor factors on the outcomes of patients listed <18 yr of age who received a HTx between 1993 and 2009. Donor data were available for 3149 of 3156 HTx (99.8%). Donor cause of death, need for inotropes, or CPR did not affect survival outcomes (p = 0.05). Ischemic time also did not have an impact on overall recipient survival; however, longer ischemic times negatively impacted one‐yr post‐transplant survival (p < 0.0001). There was no impact of cumulative risk factors on survival (p = 0.8). Although used in a minority of cases, hormonal therapy in the donor positively impacted survival (p = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, the only donor factor associated with decreased survival was smaller donor BSA, the other factors being related to the recipient characteristics. When analyzed by recipient age, there were no donor‐related factors that affected survival for those who received a transplant at <6 months of age. Longer ischemic time (p < 0.0001) and greater age difference between the recipient and donor (p = 0.0098) were donor‐related factors impacting early‐phase survival for recipients who received a graft at ≥10 yr of age. Factors perceived to define a marginal or high‐risk pediatric heart donor including inotrope use, CPR and donor cause of death may have less impact on outcomes than previously thought. Longer ischemic times did impact one yr, but not overall survival, and this impact was much greater with older donors. Parameters for accepting a donor heart can potentially be expanded, especially in the infant age group, but strong consideration should always be given to the interaction between ischemic time and donor age.
Male mating costs in a butterfly that produces small ejaculates
Authors: CABALLERO‐MENDIETA NUBIA , CORDERO CARLOS 
Published: October 2013

AbstractIn many insects, ejaculate size is positively related to male fitness, although the production of large ejaculates entails physiological costs that can result in decreased male longevity. Ejaculate production costs have been studied in butterfly species because males generally produce large ejaculates that are rich in resources. However, lepidopterans show interspecific variation with respect to relative investment in ejaculates (i.e. percentage of male body weight invested in ejaculates) that could influence the magnitude of costs. The physiological costs of ejaculate production are expected to differ between males with different amounts of resources stored. The effect of male size (an estimate of the amount of resources stored) on ejaculate production and on survivorship costs of multiple mating is studied in males of Leptophobia aripa Boisduval (Pieridae), the butterfly with the smallest relative investment in spermatophores recorded to date (0.31%). ‘Small males’ produce smaller spermatophores, although male size has no effect on ejaculate size (spermatophore + accessory substances), indicating that ‘small males’ make a relatively larger investment in the production of accessory substances. The results indicate that L. aripa males are able to modify the relative amount of resources invested in ejaculate production. Multiple mating has a negative effect on male longevity and this effect depends on male size: in comparison with virgin males, the longevity of ‘small males’ decreases after just one copula, whereas the longevity of ‘large males’ decreases after two copulations. The possible reasons why ‘small males’ invest relatively more resources in ejaculate production, despite the fact that they pay larger costs, are discussed.
English Health Visitors' Perceptions of Conducting Indoor Environmental Assessments: Barriers and Facilitators
Authors: Richardson George , Eick Susan Ann. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this qualitative research was to explore health visitors' perceptions of assessing their clients' homes and providing evidence‐informed advice about environmental health.Design and SampleBetween 2004 and 2007, an explorative study was conducted in Plymouth, England, during which interviews were held with health visitors trained to conduct environmental assessments in combination with routine visits.MeasuresFace‐to‐face, semi‐structured interviews were conducted. Content analysis was used to explore emergent themes.ResultsThe health visitors perceived that assessing the indoor environment was relevant to their role; however, conducting environmental measurements within routine visits was not feasible. The main barriers were the changing roles of health visitors (reducing time available), the time implications of being perceived as an environmental expert, and the impact on clients, such as raising expectations, imposing opinions on the state of clients' homes, and expecting clients to implement advice. Facilitators included the natural link to health visitors' roles, the ability to provide evidence of an environmental risk, and the satisfaction of observing clients implementing advice.ConclusionsHealth visitors lacked propositional knowledge on the indoor environment, highlighting a need for more training. Access to an environmental assessment system increased the health visitors' confidence in dealing with indoor environmental issues.
One‐Pot Fabrication of RGO–Ag3VO4 Nanocomposites by in situ Photoreduction using Different Sacrificial Agents: High Selectivity Toward Catechol Synthesis and Photodegradation Ability
Authors: Das Dipti P. , Samal Alaka , Das Jasobanta , Dash Ajit , Gupta Hariom 
Published: October 2013

AbstractWeak photon absorption and fast carrier kinetics in graphene restrict its applications in photosensitive reactions. Such restrictions/limitations can be overcome by covalent coupling of another photosensitive nanostructure to graphene, forming graphene‐semiconductor nanocomposites. Herein, we report one‐pot synthesis of RGO–Ag3VO4 nanocomposites using various sacrificial agents like ethanol, methanol, propanol and ethylene glycol (EG) under visible light illumination. The Raman spectral analysis and 13C MAS NMR suggest ethanol to be the best sacrificial agent among those studied. Thermal analysis studies, further, confirm the stability of the synthesized nanocomposite with ethanol as sacrificial agent. In view of this, the activity toward dye degradation was focused over the composites prepared via ethanol as sacrificial agent. It was observed and proved that cationic dyes could be degraded quantitatively and swiftly compared to anionic dyes (37.79%) in 1.5 h. This suggests that the surface of the nanocomposites is anionic as partial reduction takes place during synthesis process. In case of mixed dye degradation process, it was noticed that the presence of cationic dye doubles the degradation of anionic dye. The activity of these synthesized nanocomposites is more than five‐fold toward the phototransformation of phenol and photodegradation of textile dyes under visible light illumination.
Selective Inference on Multiple Families of Hypotheses
Authors: Benjamini Yoav , Bogomolov Marina 
Published: October 2013

SummaryIn many complex multiple-testing problems the hypotheses are divided into families. Given the data, families with evidence for true discoveries are selected, and hypotheses within them are tested. Neither controlling the error rate in each family separately nor controlling the error rate over all hypotheses together can assure some level of confidence about the filtration of errors within the selected families. We formulate this concern about selective inference in its generality, for a very wide class of error rates and for any selection criterion, and present an adjustment of the testing level inside the selected families that retains control of the expected average error over the selected families.
Rethinking Land Grab Ontology
Authors: McMichael Philip 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe current bout of land annexation expresses a particular moment in modern history—specifically the condensation of a series of linked crises. Arguably the world is at an ecological tipping point, and how land resources are managed now is of paramount concern. Of course, land management has variable meaning, with quite different ontological consequences. The difference registers in the distinct visions expressed, for example, by the World Bank and the United Nations Human Rights Rapporteur, Olivier de Schutter, regarding the implications of the land grab for global food security. While the bank proposes responsible investments in “land acquisition,” the rapporteur argues that this is a way of “responsibly destroying the world's peasantry.” The former, concerned with governing the rights of capital, expresses a form of neoproductivism, signaled in the concept of “sustainable intensification” increasingly underwritten by agribusiness. The latter, concerned with protecting the material rights of rural inhabitants, expresses an ontology centered on the sustainability of agroecological methods used by farmers who know and value their landscapes. More than simply alternative visions, these represent different responses to the combined food, energy, and climate crises, informing quite distinctive ontologies concerning the relationship between “food security,” environmental crisis, and land management, which I address in this article in terms of the “ecology of food security.”
Perceived Impacts from Wind Farm and Natural Gas Development in Northern Pennsylvania
Authors: Jacquet Jeffrey B. , Stedman Richard C. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis study examines the environmental, social, and economic impacts that landowners perceive from the simultaneous development of an industrial‐scale wind farm and extensive natural gas drilling in an area of northern Pennsylvania. A mail survey (N = 1,028) reveals that the types of perceived impact from wind and natural gas are similar overall, although the perceived magnitude of positive and negative impacts is greater from natural gas drilling. Impact perception was found to explain a large portion of residents' overall attitudes toward the energy developments, and residents' place meanings for the area also explain some attitudinal variation. Additionally, factors such as place attachment and length and type of residency were found to have little or no effect on either the perception of impact or resident attitudes toward development.
Controversies in Timing of Dialysis Initiation and the Role of Race and Demographics
Authors: Streja Elani , Nicholas Susanne B. , Norris Keith C. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractDialysis remains the predominant form of renal replacement therapy in the United States, but the optimal timing for the initiation of dialysis remains poorly defined. Not only clinical factors such as signs/symptoms of uremia, co‐existing cardiovascular disease, and presence of diabetes but also key demographic characteristics including age, gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomics have all been considered as potential modifying factors in the decision for the timing of dialysis initiation. The 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) suggests that dialysis be initiated when signs/symptoms attributable to kidney failure such as serositis, acid‐base or electrolyte abnormalities, pruritus, poorly controlled volume status or blood pressure, deteriorating nutritional status despite dietary intervention, or cognitive impairment are visible or noted. These signs/symptoms typically occur when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is in the range of 5–10 ml/minute/1.73 m2, although they may occur at higher levels of GFR. We review recent data on the timing of dialysis initiation, their implications for managing patients with late‐stage CKD, and the important role of considering key demographics in making patient‐centered decisions for the timing of dialysis initiation.
Worker Centers and Day Laborers’ Wages*
Authors: Meléndez Edwin J. , Visser M. Anne , Theodore Nik , Valenzuela Abel 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the impact of day laborer worker centers on the hourly wages earned by day laborers.MethodsUsing data from the National Day Labor Survey, a two‐step method was estimated to measure the wage impacts of day labor worker centers, and to control for endogeneity and selection bias. Estimated wages were compared across hiring sites to determine whether or not a wage premium was earned by workers who participate in day labor worker centers.ResultsWe find a modest, but statistically significant, wage premium earned by workers who participate in day labor worker centers, as well as evidence suggestive of the capacity of worker centers to mitigate market advantages associated with informal hiring sites.ConclusionsWe argue that while worker centers remain the most effective means through which day labor markets can be regulated and workers’ wages improved, increasing the regulatory capacity of these labor market intermediaries will require a significant “scaling up,” so that they can more fully influence the larger political, economic, and social contexts in which the day labor economy is embedded.
Do Not Count Them Out Just Yet: Assessing the Impact of Religious Conservatives on Charter School Regulations
Authors: Vieux Andrea 
Published: October 2013

ObjectivePast research has omitted religious explanations from analyses of charter school adoption and regulation. The following analyses suggest that religion is more of a factor in state charter school regulations than previously thought.MethodsOrdinal logistic regression is utilized to test the influence of religious conservatives on state charter school regulations.ResultsThe findings support the assertion that religious interests—particularly evangelicals—are influential in state charter school regulation.ConclusionConsistent with Deckman (), it is suggested that religious factors should not be overlooked when analyzing education policy.
F, Cl and S input via serpentinite in subduction zones: implications for the nature of the fluid released at depth
Authors: Debret Baptiste , Koga Kenneth T. , Nicollet Christian , Andreani Muriel , Schwartz Stéphane 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe abundances of F, Cl and S in arc magmas are systematically higher than in other mantle‐derived magmas, suggesting that these elements are added from the slab along with H2O. We present ion probe microanalyses of F, Cl and S in serpentine minerals that represent the P–T evolution of the oceanic lithosphere, from its serpentinization at the ridge, to its dehydration at around 100 km depth during subduction. F, Cl and S are incorporated early into serpentine during its formation at mid‐ocean ridges, and serpentinized lithosphere then carries these elements to subduction zones. More than 50% of the F, Cl and S are removed from serpentine during the prograde metamorphic lizardite/antigorite transition. Due to the low solubility of F in water, and to the low amount of water released during this phase transition, the fluids mobilizing these elements must be dominated by SOX rather than H2O.
Mucormycosis as a rare cause of severe gastrointestinal bleeding after multivisceral transplantation
Authors: Irtan S. , Lamerain M. , Lesage F. , Verkarre V. , Bougnoux M.‐E. , Lanternier F. , Zahar J.R. , Salvi N. , Talbotec C. , Lortholary O. , Lacaille F. , Chardot C. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractMucormycosis, an emerging fungal infection in solid organ transplant patients, is mostly located in rhino‐orbito‐cerebral, pulmonary, and cutaneous areas, or disseminated with poor prognosis. A 4‐year‐old girl with chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction syndrome underwent a modified multivisceral transplantation, including half of the stomach, the duodeno‐pancreas, the small bowel, and the right colon. On postoperative day 5, a digestive perforation was suspected. Surgical exploration found a small necrotic area on the native stomach, which was externally drained. The next day, massive gastric bleeding occurred. During the emergency laparotomy, 2 hemorrhagic ulcers were found and resected from the transplanted stomach. Pathology and fungal culture showed mucormycosis caused by Lichtheimia (formerly Absidia) ramosa in both the transplanted and native stomach. High‐dose intravenous liposomal amphotericin B was immediately started. No other site of fungal infection was found. The child recovered, and 3 years after transplantation, is alive and well, off parenteral nutrition. The originality of this case is the very early presentation after transplantation, the unusual site, and the complete recovery after rapid medico‐surgical management. The origin of the fungus and treatment are discussed.
Comparing actual and perceived causes of fever among community members in a low malaria transmission setting in northern Tanzania
Authors: Hertz Julian T. , Munishi O. Michael , Sharp Joanne P. , Reddy Elizabeth A. , Crump John A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo compare actual and perceived causes of fever in northern Tanzania.MethodsIn a standardised survey, heads of households in 30 wards in Moshi, Tanzania, were asked to identify the most common cause of fever for children and for adults. Responses were compared to data from a local hospital‐based fever aetiology study that used standard diagnostic techniques.ResultsOf 810 interviewees, the median (range) age was 48 (16, 102) years and 509 (62.8%) were women. Malaria was the most frequently identified cause of fever, cited by 353 (43.6%) and 459 (56.7%) as the most common cause of fever for children and adults, respectively. In contrast, malaria accounted for 8 (2.0%) of adult and 6 (1.3%) of paediatric febrile admissions in the fever aetiology study. Weather was the second most frequently cited cause of fever. Participants who identified a non‐biomedical explanation such as weather as the most common cause of fever were more likely to prefer a traditional healer for treatment of febrile adults (OR 2.7, P < 0.001). Bacterial zoonoses were the most common cause of fever among inpatients, but no interviewees identified infections from animal contact as the most common cause of fever for adults; two (0.2%) identified these infections as the most common cause of fever for children.ConclusionsMalaria is perceived to be a much more common cause of fever than hospital studies indicate, whereas other important diseases are under‐appreciated in northern Tanzania. Belief in non‐biomedical explanations of fever is common locally and has important public health consequences.