bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comorbidity in Emetophobia (Specific Phobia of Vomiting)
Authors: Sykes Mark , Boschen Mark J. , Conlon Elizabeth G. 
Published: May 2015

BackgroundEmetophobia (fear of vomiting) is an anxiety disorder in which individuals report clinical levels of fear that they may vomit or be exposed to the vomit of others. The prevalence of comorbidity of emetophobia with other conditions has previously only been investigated using self‐report instruments.MethodSixty‐four adults with emetophobia participated in an online structured clinical diagnostic interview assessing the presence of emetophobia and other conditions.ResultsHigher comorbidity for depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder were found in participants compared with general population norms.ConclusionsEmetophobia is commonly comorbid with other anxiety and depressive disorders. Comorbidity rates, when assessed using a structured clinical interview, were lower than previously reported using self‐report alone. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Emetophobia (specific phobia of vomiting) is a clinical fear of vomiting.
Individuals with emetophobia show high comorbidity with other anxiety and mood disorders.
The most common comorbid conditions were generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, hypochondriasis and obsessive–compulsive disorder.
Clinicians should ensure that they assess for the presence of comorbid conditions when treating emetophobia.
Physical profiling and IR spectroscopy: simple and effective methods to discriminate between genuine and counterfeit samples of Viagra® and Cialis®
Authors: Custers Deborah , Vandemoortele Suzanne , Bothy Jean‐Luc , De Beer Jacques O. , Courselle Patricia , Apers Sandra , Deconinck Eric 
Published: May 2015

Counterfeit medicines are a global threat to public health. High amounts enter the European market, enforcing the need for simple techniques to help customs detect these pharmaceuticals. This study focused on physical profiling and IR spectroscopy to obtain a prime discrimination between genuine and illegal Viagra® and Cialis® medicines.Five post‐tableting characteristics were explored: colour, mass, long length, short length, and thickness. Hypothesis testing showed that most illegal samples (between 60 and 100%) significantly differ from the genuine medicines, in particular for mass and long length. Classification and Regression Trees (CART) analysis resulted in a good discrimination between genuine and illegal medicines (98.93% correct classification rate for Viagra®, 99.42% for Cialis®). Moreover, CART confirmed the observation that mass and long length are the key physical characteristics which determine the observed discrimination.IR analysis was performed on tablets without blister and on tablets in intact blister. These data were analyzed using Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) and Partial Least Squares – Discriminant Analysis (PLS‐DA). Supervised techniques needed to be applied since Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was not able to generate the desired discrimination. Our study shows that a perfect discrimination between genuine and illegal medicines can be made by both SIMCA and PLS‐DA without removing the tablets from the blister. This approach has the advantage of keeping the blister intact.Our study demonstrates that these user friendly techniques are reliable methods to aid customs to obtain a prime distinction between genuine and illegal samples on the spot. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trifunctional Organocatalysts: Catalytic Proficiency by Cooperative Activation
Authors: Kenny Ryan , Liu Fei 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn this microreview, trifunctional organocatalysts, defined as catalysts with three distinct mechanistic functionalities, are surveyed in order to understand not just catalytic activation but also catalysis orchestration. Related cases in which the mechanistic trifunctionality in catalysis is conferred by more than one singular catalyst are also evaluated. The potential role of highly functionalised organocatalysts toward organized catalysis with more complexity and proficiency is subsequently discussed to anticipate new challenges in biomimetic catalysis.
Fruiting efficiency: an alternative trait to further rise wheat yield
Authors: Slafer Gustavo A. , Elia Mónica , Savin Roxana , García Guillermo A. , Terrile Ignacio I. , Ferrante Ariel , Miralles Daniel J. , González Fernanda G. 
Published: May 2015

AbstractFurther improvements in wheat yields are critical, for which increases in grain number would be required. In the recent past, higher grain number was achieved through increased growth of the juvenile spikes before anthesis, due to the reduction in stem growth. As current cultivars have already an optimum height, alternatives must be identified for further increasing grain number. One of them is increasing fruiting efficiency (grains set per unit of spike dry weight at anthesis). Fruiting efficiency is the final outcome of the fate of floret development and differences in this trait within modern cultivars would be related to higher survival of floret primordia. Then there are two alternative physiological pathways to improve fruiting efficiency by allowing a normal development of most vulnerable floret primordia: an increased allocation of assimilates for the developing florets before anthesis, or reduced demand of the florets for maintaining their normal development. Both alternatives may be possible, and it might be critical to recognize which of them is the actual cause of differences in fruiting efficiency. When considering this trait in breeding we must be aware of potential trade‐offs and therefore it must be avoided that increases in fruiting efficiency be constitutively related to decreases in either spike dry weight at anthesis or grain weight. In this review we described fruiting efficiency and its physiological bases, analyzing genetic variation and considering potential drawbacks that must be taken into account to avoid increases in fruiting efficiency being compensated by other traits.
Folate distribution in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum durum Desf.) pearled fractions
Authors: Giordano Debora , Reyneri Amedeo , Blandino Massimo 
Published: May 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDWholegrain cereals are an important source of folates. In this study, total folate was analysed in pearled fractions of barley and wheat cultivars employing AOAC Official Method 2004.05. In particular, the distribution of folate in the kernels was evaluated in three barley cultivars (two hulled types and a hulless one as well as two‐ and six‐row types) and in a common and a durum wheat cultivar.RESULTSA noticeable variation in the folate content was observed between the barley [653–1033 ng g−1 dry matter (DM)] and wheat cultivars (1024–1119 ng g−1 DM). The highest folate content was detected in the hulless barley cultivar (1033 ng g−1 DM). A significant reduction in total folate, from 63% to 86%, was observed in all cultivars from the outermost to the innermost pearled fractions.CONCLUSIONResults proved that folates are mainly present in the germ and in the outer layers of the kernel. This is the first study reporting the folate distribution in kernels of both common and durum wheat and in a hulless barley cultivar. Results suggest that the pearling process could be useful for the selection of intermediate fractions that could be used in order to develop folate‐enhanced ingredients and products. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Millimeter‐wave bandpass filter on LCP using CSRR‐loaded triangular‐shape quarter‐mode substrate integrated waveguide
Authors: Senior David E. , Rahimi Arian , Yoon Yong‐Kyu 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTA millimeter‐wave two‐pole bandpass filter (BPF) with an asymmetrical frequency response is realized on a flexible liquid crystal polymer substrate for wearable/conformal wireless applications. The design uses the triangular‐shape quarter‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (QMSIW) cavity loaded with a complementary split‐ring resonator. The compact cavity shows a resonant mode below the quasi‐TE1,0,0.5 mode of an original QMSIW cavity, which indicates a further size reduction. In addition, its low quality factor (Q) is useful for BPFs with broad fractional bandwidth (FBW). A surface micromachined two‐pole Chebyshev BPF is realized for operation at 35 GHz with a 20 dB return loss FBW of 8% and an insertion loss of 1.7 dB. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1782–1784, 2015
Compact antenna based on a composite right/left‐handed transmission line
Authors: Alibakhshi‐Kenari Mohammad , Naser‐Moghadasi Mohammad , Virdee Bal S. , Andújar Aurora , Anguera Jaume 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThis letter presents a novel antenna that is based on composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) transmission line unit‐cells implemented using slots and spiral inductors that are etched directly on the dielectric substrate by standard manufacturing techniques. The antenna is designed to operate across 5.8–7.3 GHz, which corresponds to a fractional bandwidth of 23%. Measured results confirm the antenna exhibits a relatively wide bandwidth, high gain, and high radiation efficiency characteristics. The measured radiation gain, bandwidth, and efficiency of the antenna at 6.6 GHz are 4.8 dBi, 23%, and 78%, respectively. The fabricated antenna is highly compact and its physical size in terms of the free‐space wavelength is 0.39λ0 × 0.13λ0 × 0.015λ0. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1785–1788, 2015
CPW‐fed multiband semifractal antenna for RFID reader applications
Authors: Zaid J. , Abdelghani M. L. , Denidni T. A. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTA new design CPW‐fed printed semifractal antenna with arc‐line feed for RFID reader applications is presented. The proposed antenna comprised of a conjunction of coplanar waveguide and microstrip feed line, a semifractal patch, which is usable for RFID reader frequency bands. By embedding a semifractal patch, multiresonance characteristics at 3.8, 5.8, 8.2, and 9.7 GHz frequencies are obtained. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1852–1853, 2015
BPF integrated amplifier module using LTCC technology for millimeter‐wave applications
Authors: Lee Young Chul , Cho Yun Hee , Park Chul Soon 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTA compact amplifier module integrating a low‐loss stripline (SL) band‐pass filter (BPF) using low‐temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) technology is presented for millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) applications. A parasitic resonance‐free SL BPF is proposed by modifying a distribution of ground vias in the SL LTCC BPF. The SL BPF fabricated in the 6 LTCC layers showed a 3‐dB bandwidth of 8.4% at the center frequency of 41.8 GHz. Its measured insertion and return loss were as small as 1.7 dB and 10.2 dB, respectively. The SL BPF integrated amplifier LTCC module was implemented in the single LTCC substrate in a size of 11.3 × 12.2 × 0.6 mm3. Its gain of 10 dB and output power of 18 dBm is achieved in the pass band from 39.5 to 42 GHz. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1821–1825, 2015
Broadband isotropic and anisotropic permittivity determination using partially filled coaxial airlines
Authors: Scott Mark M. , Morris Andrew P. , Reid David R. , Bean Jeffrey A. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTA method for determining the complex permittivity for material specimens with isotropic or biaxially anisotropic dielectric properties is described and representative measured results are presented. The method extracts the material permittivity through the utilization of computational electromagnetic simulations of specimen transmission measurements made with a broadband (50 MHz to over 500 MHz) coaxial airline with a material specimen which partially fills the waveguide cross‐section. A number of independent transmission measurements equal to the number of unknown permittivity terms is required for unique material permittivity determination. For isotropic specimens, a single specimen orientation is required, whereas for anisotropic specimens, different specimen orientations in the airline are required to probe the unknown permittivity axes and thus ensure unique material permittivity determination. Measurements using a 3.5‐inch outer diameter coaxial airline were made for known isotropic specimens as well as an anisotropic lossy material specimen. This technique provides the material measurement community with a mechanism to characterize a single specimen of complex shape and biaxial dielectric anisotropy at low frequencies covering multiple rectangular waveguide bands simultaneously and represents a significant advance in the current measurement state‐of‐the‐art particularly at frequencies below 100 MHz. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1864–1868, 2015
Planar four‐element frequency agile MIMO antenna system with chassis mode reconfigurability
Authors: Hussain Rifaqat , Sharawi Mohammad S. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTIn this work, a novel multiband, four‐element, meandered‐line reconfigurable planar F‐shaped multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna is presented. The proposed design includes chassis mode reconfigurability option as well. A combination of PIN and varactor diodes is used to achieve the frequency tuning over a wide‐band. The proposed design covers several well‐known frequency bands between 0.7 and 3 GHz. The design is compact and realized on a single commercial substrate board with dimensions 65 × 120 × 1.56 mm3 that can be used in small wireless handheld devices for cognitive radio applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1933–1938, 2015
Nonuniform inverted‐L slot double‐sided array antenna for LTE and WLAN application
Authors: Islam I. , Jamlos M. F. , Jamlos M. A. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTA nonuniform inverted‐L Slotted double‐sided array antenna for Long Term Evolution (2.6 GHz) and Wireless Local Area Network (5.8 GHz) application is presented in this article. The proposed antenna is a combination of 4 × 2 radiating element array at the both sides of the FR4 substrate where the both side array are designed reciprocally opposite to each other. It is found that double‐sided array with nonuniform inverted‐L slot suppresses the side lobe less than −20 dB at both frequencies. The 3‐mm air gap which separates the substrate and reflector is discovered to enhance further the reflection coefficient and gain. The upper side plane with smaller inverted‐L slots generates 5.8 GHz frequency and capable to achieve gain of 10.1 dB. Meanwhile 7.11 dB of gain at 2.6 GHz frequency is produced by the lower side plane with bigger inverted‐L slots. The proposed antenna achieves acceptable reflection coefficient at both operated frequencies for simulation and measurement. However, the reflection coefficient at the lower frequency 2.6 GHz reaches −17.588 dB (simulated) and −15.84 dB (measured) and at the upper frequency 5.8 GHz is about −12.26 dB (simulated), −15.71 dB (measured). Good agreement is obtained between simulated and measured result for E‐plane and H‐plane radiation pattern at both frequencies. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1915–1919, 2015
Adjustable wideband bandstop filter with inductive coupling for ultrawideband applications
Authors: Shrestha Bhanu , Kim Nam‐Young 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, we describe a miniaturized and adjustable microstrip wideband bandstop filter (BSF) with inductive coupling for ultrawideband (UWB) applications, which is fabricated on a Teflon substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.54. The simulated and measured results of the wideband BSF are determined to be in good agreement, demonstrating the 10‐dB bandwidth to be 3.78 GHz (54.8%) from 8.82 to 5.04 GHz, an insertion loss (S21) of −31.65 dB, and a minimum return loss (S11) of −0.34 dB at 6.9 GHz in the experimental results. To estimate the EM simulation results, an equivalent circuit is built for the practical realization. The advantages of the wideband BSF design are size reduction, wideband rejection, higher insertion loss, low cost, and light weight. An adjustable bandwidth can be achieved by adjusting an inner capacitive open loop for implementation in the UWB system. The physical dimension of the designed BSF occupied the size of 0.398λg × 0.316λg. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1901–1904, 2015
Ultrabroadband multiprobe reflectometer
Authors: Staszek Kamil , Gruszczynski Slawomir , Wincza Krzysztof 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTNovel synthesis of multiprobe reflectometers is presented. A developed estimation of measurement conditions allows for the choice of spacings between probes ensuring wideband operation. To verify the proposed concept, the multiprobe reflectometer having bandwidth 0.15–8GHz has been manufactured. The measurement results are close to ones obtained using vector network analyzer (VNA). © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1968–1971, 2015
An interior penalty Galerkin domain decomposition method based on high‐order basis function
Authors: Shi Yan , Chen Zhou , Liang Chang‐Hong 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTAn integral equation based domain decomposition method (DDM) has been presented to solve electromagnetic responses of arbitrary targets including conducting objects in free space and microstrip antennas and circuits. The target is decomposed into several non‐overlapping subdomains, each of which will be meshed independently. Higher‐order hierarchical Legendre basis functions are defined on each interface boundary between all adjacent subdomains. An interior penalty Galerkin procedure is implemented to ensure continuous boundary current on the interface boundary. Some numerical examples are shown to demonstrate good accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1961–1965, 2015
Reducing side lobe level of antenna using frequency selective surface superstrate
Authors: Wang Min , Huang Cheng , Pu Mingbo , Luo Xiangang 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTA method of utilizing frequency selective surface (FSS) to reduce side lobe level (SLL) is proposed. The FSS composed of annular slot arrays loaded with resistors is divided into several regions along the electric field direction. Each region has difference transmission amplitude (TA) but the same transmission phase (TP). Through the appropriate distribution design for each region, the output wave with tapered TA and uniform TP is obtained when the FSS is illuminated by a plane wave. Thus the FSS could be utilized to reduce the antenna SLL. An H‐plane sectorial horn array is adopted as an exciting source to validate its SLL reduction performance. Simulation results show that the proposed FSS superstrate makes the SLL of the horn array in the E‐plane desirably suppressed from −12.4 to −25.9 dB at 10.3GHz with the gain reduced from 18.3 to 16.7 dBi. The measured results agree well with the simulated ones. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1971–1975, 2015
Tunable and dual band rectangular microstrip antenna for bluetooth and WiMAX applications
Authors: Kale Ganesh M , Labade Rekha P , Pawase Ramesh S 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTA rectangular microstrip antenna (RMSA) with two slots placed close and parallel to nonradiating edges for tunable and dual band operation with single feed has been demonstrated. A tunable operation can be achieved by the adding electrically small slots along the patch edges. For two frequencies TM10 and TM30 are the first two modes of simple RMSA are perturbed and two frequencies with same polarization, broadside radiation, and impedance characteristics. Dual frequency operations easily obtained if two slots placed together and are of same dimensions, which equals to greater than half of length. The proposed design is suitable for dual band operation for Bluetooth 2450 MHz–WiMAX 3500 MHz. Slot dimensions was taken identical for the symmetry. The performance parameters of the proposed RMSA with and without slots were compared. Furthermore, a parametric analysis carried out by taking variations in the length (Ls), width (d) and spacing (S) between the two slots, the frequency ratio is tuned in the range 1.41 to 1.45. The dimensions of the proposed antenna 50 × 54 × 1.6mm3 with the size reduction compared with conventional microstrip antenna (MSA).The proposed antenna is simulated using HFSS based on finite element method and simulated return loss, radiation pattern and impedance were presented. Finally fabrication and measurement of VSWR of the proposed antenna has been taken. The HFSS results and measured results are in good agreement. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1986–1991, 2015
High performance superconducting common resonator diplexer and analysis between isolations and topologies
Authors: Lu Xilong , Wei Bin , Cao Bisong , Guo Xubo , Zhang Xiaoping 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThis letter presents a high performance superconducting common resonator diplexer design with wide stopband. The relationship between the channel isolations and diplexer topologies is investigated. The channel isolations are mostly determined by the resonators close to the output port. So under a given isolation value, some of the branch resonators far from the output port can be replaced by dual‐band resonators. The proposed common resonator diplexer has no need of the extra matching network, resulting compact size, and simple design. The two channel frequencies and bandwidths of the diplexer can be independently controlled. Measured results agree well with the simulated ones. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1952–1956, 2015
Conformational analysis, part 43. A theoretical and LIS/NMR investigation of the conformations of substituted benzamides
Authors: Abraham Raymond J. , Aboitiz Nuria , Filippi Marco , Genesio Eva , Piaggio Paola , Sancassan Fernando 
Published: May 2015

A refined Lanthanide‐Induced‐Shift Analysis (LISA) is used with molecular mechanics and ab initio calculations to investigate the conformations of benzamide (1), N‐methylbenzamide (2), N,N‐dimethylbenzamide (3) and the conformational equilibria of 2‐fluoro (4), 2‐chloro (5) and N‐methyl‐2‐methoxy benzamide (6). The amino group in 1 is planar in the crystal but is calculated to be pyramidal with the CO/phenyl torsional angle (ω) of 20–25°. The LISA analysis gave acceptable agreement factors (Rcryst ≤ 1%) for the ab initio geometries when ω was decreased to 0°, the other geometries were not as good. In 2, the N‐methyl is coplanar with the carbonyl group in all the geometries. Good agreement was obtained for the RHF geometries, with ω 25°, the other geometries were only acceptable with increased values of ω. In 3, good agreement for the RHF and PCModel geometries was found when ω was changed from the calculated values of 40° (RHF) and 90° (PCModel) to ca. 60°, the X‐ray and B3LYP geometries were not as good.The two substituted compounds 4, 5 and 6 are interconverting between the cis (O,X) and trans (O,X) conformers. The more stable trans conformer is planar in 4 and 6 but the cis form non‐planar. Both the cis and trans conformers of 5 are non‐planar. There is an additional degree of freedom in 6 due to the 2‐methoxy group, which can be either planar or orthogonal to the phenyl ring in both conformers. The conformer ratios were obtained from the LISA analysis to give Ecis‐Etrans in 4 > 2.3 kcal/mol (CDCl3) and 1.7 kcal/mol (CD3CN), in 5 0.0 kcal/mol (CD3CN) and in 6 > 2.5 kcal/mol (CDCl3) and 2.0 kcal/mol (CD3CN). These values were used with the observed versus calculated 1H shifts to determine the conformer ratios and energies in DMSO solvent to give Ecis‐Etrans 1.1, −0.1 and 1.8 kcal/mol for (4), (5) and (6). Comparison of the observed versus calculated conformer energies show that both the MM and ab initio calculations overestimate the NH..F hydrogen bond in (4) by ca. 2 kcal/mol. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.