bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite orbit width effects on turbulent transport of ion parallel momentum
Authors: Li Yang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A kinetic model for ion turbulent parallel momentum transport is developed with finite orbit width effects for Tokamak plasmas. It is shown that the curvature and gradient drifts of ions can introduce pressure perturbations into the transport equation of ion parallel momentum, which leads to a new source term. And the source term can be understood as a Coriolis force and can play a key role in the toroidal symmetry breaking during the spontaneous spin-up process.
Design concept of intelligent integrated control system for neutral beam injection
Authors: Gu Yu , Hu Chundong , Li Yang , Zhao Yuanzhe , Cui Qinglong , Xie Yahong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Due to the specificity of neutral beam injection (NBI) system, the control of its actual physical system is achieved by the integrated control system (ICS). The current NBI ICS adopts a distributed design structure to balance the system load, which is also the mainstream system design and architecture model of ICS around the world. However, from a practical point of view, the distributed system architecture is not perfect. In the long run, upgrading the system intelligence and automation capabilities is an inevitable choice for the future, so it is necessary to explore ways to transform and upgrade the ICS. At present, Internet of Things (IoT), as an important part of the new generation information technology, can realize the control of everything through data exchange. This is because on the one hand, IoT has wide compatibility and powerful scenario-based capabilities, it not only has the advantages and characteristics of distributed design, but also can pull the NBI subsystems into the same level scenario and lay the foundation for the further construction of digital NBI; on the other hand, the intervention of artificial intelligence makes IoT have some new typical characteristics such as intelligent sensing, ubiquitous connectivity, precise control, digital modeling, real-time analysis and iterative optimization, which is enough to pull the current NBI ICS into a new intelligent control era. Finally, it is worth mentioning that due to its inherent design structure and functional characteristics, ICS tends to be broadly generic, so it is not exclusively used for NBI operation in nuclear fusion, and it can provide some insight into other application areas.
Emergent symmetry in TbTe3 revealed by ultrafast reflectivity under anisotropic strain
Authors: Kim Soyeun , Orenstein Gal , Singh Anisha G , Fisher Ian R , Reis David A , Trigo Mariano 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We report ultrafast reflectivity measurements of the dynamics of the order parameter of the charge density wave (CDW) in TbTe3 under anisotropic strain. We observe an increase in the frequency of the amplitude mode with increasing tensile strain along the a-axis (which drives the lattice into a > c, with a and c the lattice constants), and similar behavior for tensile strain along c (c > a). This suggests that both strains stabilize the corresponding CDW order and further support the near equivalence of the CDW phases oriented in a- and c-axis, in spite of the orthorhombic space group. The results were analyzed within the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau framework, which agrees well with the reflectivity dynamics. Our study presents an ultrafast approach to assess the stability of phases and order parameter dynamics in strained systems.
A class of memristive Hénon maps
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Li Chunbiao , Li Yongxin , Moroz Irene , Fu Haiyan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Memristor, the electronic component, is introduced in the Hénon map and is studied extensively. Several chaotic maps are proposed by constructing the memristors through nonlinear functions such as absolute value functions, trigonometric functions, and activation functions. It is found that in a part of the proposed chaotic maps, the local offset boosting of the system variable can be guided by a single parameter. Not only that, the generation of homogeneous multistability can be controlled by the initial conditions of the systems. Moreover, the number of homogeneous attractors produced changes when the system parameters are varied. In addition, the control of chaos can be achieved by adjusting the excitation fRequency of the memristor. The theoretical results and numerical laws presented in this paper are verified by circuit implementation based on the microcontroller unit.
Neural network approach to investigate heat transfer in SWCNTs nanofluid within trapezoidal cavity with varied corrugated rod amplitudes
Authors: Hussain Zakir , Fazia  , Anwar Muhammad Shoaib 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article presents Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for convective heat transfer in a trapezoidal cavity subjected to corrugated heated rod inside it. The LevenbergMarquardt algorithm is utilized to optimize the Neural Networks. The trapezoidal cavity has low-temperature inclined walls and adiabatic upper and lower walls compared to the corrugated heated rod. Single-wall carbon (SWCNTs) nanomaterials are submerged in the base liquid water. The flow of SWCNTs-water is generated due to the temperature gradient in the cavity. The system of dimensional partial differential equations has been formulated for the physical setup under investigation. The dimensional system has been converted into a non-dimensional form using dimensionless variables. Finite element is used for the solutions. The dimensionless functions velocity, temperature, and heat transfer rates are studied against the Rayleigh number (Ra). The outcomes are presented in the form of isotherms, contours, tabular values, and graphs. The data for Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) has been generated by FEM against the Nusselt number. The ANN has been trained for a specific amplitude of the rod and predicted heat transfer against a larger amplitude. The results show good agreement for both training and testing data. The outcomes of analysis reveals that convection caused by temperature gradient is dominant for higher values of the Rayleigh number (Ra). Local Nusselt number has been discussed against different amplitudes, and predicted enhancement for the larger amplitude of the rod.
Empirical calculation of K-shell fluorescence cross sections for elements in the atomic range 16 ≤ Z ≤ 92 by photon effects ranging from 5.46 to 123.6 keV (Three-dimensional formulae)
Authors: Amari K , A Kahoul , Sampaio J M , Kasri Y , Marques J P , Parente F , Hamidani A , Croft S , Favalli A , Daoudi S , Deghfel B , Zidi A , Berkani B 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The main objective of this study is to obtain three-dimensional empirical K-shell x-ray fluorescence cross-section (

σ

K

α

,

σ

K

β

and

σ

K

tot

)

values for a wide range of elements

16
≤
Z
≤
92

for photons with energies from 5.46 keV to 123.6 keV, using more than 3300 experimental data values published between 1985 and 2023 by numerous researchers. These data values are fitted using an interpolation method including a three-dimensional function against atomic number Z and excitation energy E, resulting in a three-dimensional plot to estimate empirically a three-dimensional set of

K

α

,

K

β

and

K

tot

x-ray fluorescence cross sections. The results of this empirical calculation are compared, for selected elements, with other empirical and experimental values reported in the literature, and a reasonable agreement is observed.
Characterization of field emission from oxidized copper emitters
Authors: Abuamr Adel M , Mousa Marwan S , Al-Bashaish Saleh R , Madanat Mazen A , AlSoud Ammar , Jaber Ahmad M D (Assa’d) , AlQaisi Ali F , Al-Anber Mohammed A , Barzinjy Azeez A , Arrasheed Enas A , Sobola Dinara 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, the field electron emission from oxidized copper emitters was studied by aging with radii in the range of 80–300 nm. The samples were prepared by an electrochemical etching method using an H3PO4 solution. The samples were exposed to air for 30 d to form an oxide film owing to aging. Measurements were carried out under high vacuum conditions in the range of 10−6 mbar. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM- EDS) was used to calculate the emitter radius, study the purity of the samples, and detect the oxide layers. Current–voltage (I-V) characteristics were studied and analyzed using Murphy-Goode (MG) plots and rectification tests. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of the electron emission and current stability were recorded and used to analyze the electron emission behavior of the tip surface. The trap density was also studied when the oxide layer was 3 layers thick. The results show that the emitters passed the orthodoxy test at low voltages. It was found that traps play an important role in increasing the switch-on current as the area of the oxide layer increases. It was found that the emitter acts as a point capacitor based on the charging and discharging processes of the electrons in the traps. The emission pattern showed great stability, which opens up prospects for this type of emitter in industry.
Graphene-assisted metamaterial absorber for refractive index sensor at lower optical frequencies
Authors: Kumar Raghwendra 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Numerical studies on a graphene-assisted metamaterial absorber operating at lower optical frequencies are presented. The metamaterial absorber comprises one-dimensional gold grating with a gold disk array in grooves on a monolayer graphene supported by a glass substrate. Numerical simulations are conducted using Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio to investigate the underlying absorption mechanisms in the system. The absorber shows a very sharp absorption band with almost unity absorptance and nearly 20 nm full width at half maximum at a wavelength of 766 nm. The simulated absorption spectrum of the absorber is theoretically validated using coupled mode theory, showing close agreement with the theoretical predictions. The absorption occurs due to the simultaneous excitation of localized and propagating surface plasmons under the transverse electric mode (where the electric field is aligned parallel to the length of the grating ridge) excitation in the system. The sensing performance of the absorber has been evaluated, demonstrating a sensitivity as high as 667 nm/RIU. Due to the robustness of the design, this absorber can be used to sense biological, chemical, gaseous, and even acidic samples since it is not comprised of any photoresist. The absorber holds potential for diverse applications, including graphene-based devices, narrowband filters, thermal emitters, solar cells, imaging apparatus, etc.
A four-dimensional no-equilibrium chaotic system with multi-scroll chaotic hidden attractors and its application in image encryption
Authors: Ding Pengfei , Zhu Jingge , Zhang Juan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In recent years, constructing hidden attractors with multi-scroll has become a key discussion point in the research and application fields of chaos science. In this paper, with the existing four-dimensional (4D) chaotic system as the base, a new four-dimensional chaotic system featuring significant characteristics of multi-scroll hidden attractors is constructed by adding a nonlinear function. Comprehensive studies including theoretical analyses and numerical simulations have been carried out on the dynamic properties of the new chaotic system, and all the results show that this system exhibits extremely complex chaotic behaviours and excellent unpredictability, which has great value in image encryption. Therefore, an image encryption scheme based on the new chaotic system is proposed, which cleverly integrates the new scrambling algorithm based on parity coordinate transformation and the new rotational diffusion algorithm. And the effectiveness of this encryption algorithm has been thoroughly analyzed and tested. The results based on the experiments show that this encryption algorithm exhibits significant advantages in performance, which can greatly enhance the security of images during encryption and transmission.
Image encryption algorithm based on DNA mutation and a novel four-dimensional hyperchaos
Authors: Li Tianchi , Tong Xiaojun , Zhang Miao , Wang Zhu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that insufficient complexity of ordinary multi-dimensional chaotic systems and the cumbersome design of encryption algorithms without excellent encryption effects. This paper constructs a four-dimensional hyperchaotic system with high Lyapunov exponent and complex dynamic behavior. We designed an encryption algorithm based on point mutation, mutation diffusion, and folding mutation in DNA mutations. During the encryption process, we perform point mutation transformation on the entire base sequence, then spread the mutations one by one starting from the second base of the sequence, and finally flip every four base sequences according to folding mutations. The images encrypted by this algo-rithm have a uniform grayscale histogram, high information entropy, and high key sensitivity. It can resist exhaustive attacks, noise attacks, cropping attacks, and differential attacks, and have a fast encryption speed.
A novel 4-port MIMO antenna with chamfered edge for 5G NR n77/n78/n79 bands and WLAN applications
Authors: Doloi Trishna , Das Gouree Shankar , Kalita Partha Protim , Buragohain Akash , Devi Reeta , Beria Yatish 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A novel, compact, and low-cost four-element multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with a high gain is proposed in this work, operating in the frequency range of 3.3–6 GHz. The suggested antenna structure uses easily accessible substrate material and has been designed and simulated using Ansys HFSS 3D electromagnetic simulation software. The radiating elements are placed orthogonally, each consisting of two circular rings. To improve the impedance matching and reduce mutual coupling, the corners of the radiating patch are chamfered, and partial ground structure is applied. The defected ground structure (DGS) method is used for further enhancement in isolation, making the isolation as high as −55 dB. The measured gain of the antenna is more than 12 dB over the considered frequency range. The diversity gain (DG) is more than 9.99 dB, while the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.006. Also, the mean effective gain (MEG), channel capacity loss (CCL), and total active reflection coefficient (TARC) results are within the optimal range. These make the designed antenna suitable for the sub-6 GHz 5G new radio (NR) n77 (3.3–4.2 GHz), n78 (3.3–3.8 GHz), and n79 (4.4–5 GHz) bands along with WLAN (5.1–5.8 GHz) applications.
An adversarial-based domain generalization method for the health evaluation of axial piston pumps
Authors: Shao Yuechen , Chao Qun , Zhang Zhiqiang , Liu Chengliang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The axial piston pump is the power component in hydraulic systems and evaluating its health status is of great importance to the safe operation of hydraulic systems. Discharge pressure signals are common monitoring signals for axial piston pumps, but it is difficult to obtain satisfactory health evaluation results by directly using raw discharge pressure signals since the degradation information lies in some specific frequency bands. Furthermore, the axial piston pump often operates under different operating conditions and most existing condition monitoring methods have low accuracies due to the problems of insufficient degradation data and different data distributions. This paper proposes an adversarial-based domain generalization (DG) method by integrating time-frequency analysis and data augmentation, to accurately predict the health status of axial piston pumps under unknown working conditions. First, discharge pressure signals under various operating conditions are decomposed by using the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN), and effective intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) are selected to train multiple convolutional neural network (CNN) models. Second, a novel data augmentation method based on the modified discrete cosine transform-composite spectrum (DCS) algorithm is introduced to fuse the IMFs from different domains and generate pseudo data sets. Finally, the adversarial training is adopted between the real data and the pseudo data to capture domain-generalized features. The discharge pressure signals of an actual axial piston pump at different health levels were collected on a test bench to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results indicate that the proposed method has a higher prediction accuracy than the comparative methods.
Multifunctionality in vanadium dioxide-integrated metamaterials for switching between dual-band perfect absorption and asymmetric transmission
Authors: Zhang WenHao , Hu Xiang , Hu YanChao , Li Feng , Su Wei , Wu Hong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work, we present a theoretical proposal for an actively tunable metamaterial design that integrates vanadium dioxide (VO2). This VO2-integrated design demonstrates the ability to switch between dual-band perfect absorption and asymmetric transmission (AT) functionalities in the near-infrared and mid-infrared spectral ranges. By utilizing the unique properties of VO2, our proposed device achieves broadband absorption across approximately 2.47 μm with polarization independence when VO2 is in its metallic state. Furthermore, it exhibits narrowband absorption with polarization correlation, reaching a linear dichroism value of approximately 0.704. On the other hand, when VO2 is in its insulating state, the metamaterial structure realizes AT of 0.418 for circularly polarized light. We provide physical insight into the operating mechanisms through impedance matching analysis and electric field distributions. The integration of VO2 in this dynamically tunable, multifunctional metamaterial design offers a novel approach to developing reconfigurable nanophotonic and nanosystem technologies.
Regulation and analysis of multi-scroll attractors in a class of memristive Hopfield neural networks with high Lyapunov exponents
Authors: Wang Linghui , Ji’e Musha , Peng Hongxin , Duan Shukai , Wang Lidan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Multi-scroll chaotic systems have gained significant attention in recent years. However, there is little research on the chaotic systems of memristive neural networks with multiple complex structural attractors. A class of multi-scroll chaotic systems are designed in this paper, which are based on Hopfield neural network by using memristors as synapses. Implementing synaptic control with memristors at various coupling positions allows for the creation of multiple chaotic attractors with distinct topological structures. The proposed systems exhibit special and irregular shaped attractors, and can generate a fixed number of scrolls. Through analysis we find that the systems have high Lyapunov exponents, indicating strong sensitivity and randomness. Meanwhile, the systems exhibit extremely rich dynamic behaviors, such as symmetric coexistence phenomena. Especially, we observe signal amplitude control and offset boosting phenomena in the systems. In addition, simulation circuits are designed based on such chaotic systems to verify the physical feasibility of the systems.
Time domain optimization of pair production during vacuum breakdown triggered by frequency chirped external fields
Authors: Gong Chi , Lu Xinyu , Shang Dakai , Ren Zhi , Li Songtao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The electron–positron pair creation process during the Dirac vacuum breakdown triggered by strong external fields is analyzed. A frequency chirped, subcritical force field can significantly enhance the pair production yield under the identical total energy. This enhancement effect is caused by different chirp frequencies. We pay special attention to optimal field conditions as chirping parameter and phase of the time dependent field are varied. And the total number of created electrons with frequency weighted average under different chirp parameters are different from the theoretically calculated values. And no matter what the main mechanism is, the laser has the highest energy utilization rate when the electric field is symmetrical.
Conductively coupled terahertz metamaterials with dual functions of electromagnetically induced transparent and Fano effects for sensing applications
Authors: Chen Yuxuan , Sun Yongzheng , Zhou Weijun , Qin Xuefeng , Zhao Qian , Wang Yueke , Wang Ben-Xin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A terahertz metamaterial structure consisting of two U-shaped split-ring resonators and a horizontal cut-line resonator is designed for realizing the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect and the Fano resonance effect. The genesis of the EIT and Fano resonance bifunctionality is illustrated by combining the near-field distribution analysis of transparent windows and transmission dips. Interestingly, the bifunctional dual-band transparency effect could transform into a single-functional single-band transparency effect when we change the position of the square metal sheet in the vertical direction of the composited terahertz metamaterial structure. In addition, based on the high-quality factor of Fano resonance response, the proposed bifunctional terahertz metamaterial device has good refractive index sensing sensitivity. These results indicate that our proposed terahertz metamaterial can provide guidance for the design of subsequent multifunctional and integrated metamaterials and optoelectronic devices.
2D-GeP3 as an exemplary prospect for NO sensing: unveiling highly sensitive and selective at room temperature
Authors: Ahmed A Sara , Cai Xinyong , M E Ali Mohanad , Ftahi Waleed , Wang Hongyan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Novel two-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered significant attention for constructing ultra-sensitive gas sensors. This study explores the potential of a novel 2D-GeP3 monolayer for sensing CO, CO2, NO, NO2, O2, and N2 gases using first-principle calculations. The results reveal that the GeP3 monolayer exhibits low sensitivity to CO2 and N2 gases due to low adsorption energies and minimal charge transfer. Conversely, it demonstrates appropriate adsorption properties for NO and CO, as well as strong chemisorption for NO2 and O2 molecules. Through an analysis of adsorption behavior, electronic and optical, and sensing characteristics, the GeP3 monolayer shows high sensing capability for NO, NO2, and O2 gases. Notably, it demonstrates appropriate selectivity and sensitivity for NO gas due to adsorption energy of −0.742 eV, charge transfer of −0.376 e, and significant changes in electronic properties upon interaction. Furthermore, the GeP3 monolayer exhibits a short recovery time of 0.29 s at room temperature. Based on these findings, the GeP3 monolayer holds promise as a reversible NO gas sensor and as an irreversible sensor for NO2 and O2 gas. These results serve as a valuable guide in subsequent experimental applications for using the GeP3 monolayer in gas sensing devices.