bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A reappraisal of the Pipeline embolization device for the treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms
Authors: Albuquerque Felipe C , Park Min S , Abla Adib A , Crowley R Webster , Ducruet Andrew F , McDougall Cameron G 
Published: August 2014

BackgroundUse of the Pipeline embolization device (PED) in the posterior circulation is of some controversy.ObjectiveRecent publications have described adverse outcomes associated with the PED for vertebral and/or basilar artery pathology. We assessed our results in the treatment of this challenging subset of aneurysms after Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval.MethodsWe prospectively reviewed our series of PED cases in this cohort. Patients were assessed for aneurysm type, technical success, periprocedural complications, and aneurysm obliteration.ResultsSince FDA approval, 17 patients with posterior circulation aneurysms were treated with the PED. These included aneurysms of the vertebral artery (V4) segments (n=8), basilar trunk (n=6), basilar apex (n=2), and cervical vertebral artery (n=1). Two patients had a prior subarachnoid hemorrhage. All of the aneurysms treated were either saccular, had a saccular component, or were dissecting in nature. No dolichoectatic aneurysms were treated. Technical success was achieved in all patients. One complication (1/17 patients; 5.9%), a parenchymal hematoma after ventriculostomy replacement, resulted in permanent disability. Angiographic follow-up has been obtained to date in 14 of the 17 patients and shows complete or near-complete (>90%) obliteration in all cases.ConclusionsPatient selection is essential for safe and effective PED treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms. The PED is equally effective in achieving aneurysm obliteration with an acceptable risk profile as it is in the anterior circulation. Dolichoectatic aneurysms were not included in this treatment cohort. PED may be a preferable alternative to open surgical treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms.
Effects of intravenous caffeine on fractional flow reserve measurements in coronary artery disease
Authors: Mutha Vivek , Asrar ul Haq Muhammad , Van Gaal William J 
Published: August 2014

BackgroundIntravenous adenosine is used to minimise the coronary micro-resistance to achieve maximal hyperaemia along with nitrates for optimal fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements. We hypothesise that caffeine, being a competitive inhibitor of adenosine, would influence adenosine-mediated FFR readings.MethodsConsecutive patients undergoing angiogram and FFR measurements were enrolled after abstaining from caffeine for 24 h. Patients with any contraindications to intravenous adenosine or caffeine were excluded. FFR measurements were taken using nitrates and adenosine pre and post 4 mg/kg intravenous caffeine administration and results were compared.Results10 patients were analysed (80% men, age 59.9±9.4, weight 87.5±15.6). Baseline caffeine levels were undetectable in all patients and increased significantly postintravenous caffeine administration (16.4±5.5 μg/mL). Baseline preadenosine FFR values were similar before and after caffeine administration (0.91±0.06 vs 0.91±0.07; p=0.41). Postadenosine FFR readings were 0.79±0.07, which increased non-significantly to 0.82±0.11 postcaffeine (p=0.15). Two significant FFR readings (≤0.8) changed to non-significant after caffeine administration (0.77–0.93 and 0.8–0.91).ConclusionsCaffeine may affect FFR results in some patients. Larger studies are warranted to clarify the extent and magnitude of caffeine/adenosine interaction particularly due to ubiquitous nature of caffeine and increasing importance of FFR in clinical practice.
Prevalence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes attending an outpatient clinic in India
Authors: Siddiqui Samreen , Jha Sujeet , Waghdhare Swati , Agarwal Nidhi Bharal , Singh Kalpana 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Background
Clinical studies have suggested that depression is common among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Depression is an important factor which affects the management and complications of diabetes. However, the available data regarding its prevalence in India are limited.

Objectives
To estimate the prevalence of depression in patients in India with T2D and to compare it with a non-diabetic group; and to determine the association of depression with glycaemic control and complications of diabetes in patients with T2D.

Methods
This case–control study was carried out over 5 months from May to September 2012 at a tertiary care hospital in India. Cases were patients with T2D and controls were individuals without diabetes. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9. The sociodemographic profile, duration of diabetes, presence of complications and other medical variables were also analysed.

Results
260 subjects of Indian origin (162 men and 98 women; 130 with known T2D and 130 controls without T2D) were evaluated. The prevalence of depression in subjects with T2D was almost twice that in control subjects (46/130 (35.38%) vs 26/130 (20%); p=0.006). A statistically significant difference was found in the fasting blood glucose levels of subjects with depression and those without depression among the patients with T2D (145.70±53.92 vs 130.61±42.39; p=0.022), but depression was not found to be associated with any of the diabetic complications and glycaemic control.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that there is a higher prevalence of depression in Indian patients with T2D, which is almost twice that in those without T2D. Since patients with T2D are at higher risk of developing depression, assessment of depression should be performed as part of the routine practice in India.

Trial registration number
CTRI/2012/06/002747.
Situation Awareness Measures for Simulated Submarine Track Management
Authors: Loft Shayne , Bowden Vanessa , Braithwaite Janelle , Morrell Daniel B. , Huf Samuel , Durso Francis T. 
Published: August 2014

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether the Situation Present Assessment Method (SPAM) and the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT) predict incremental variance in performance on a simulated submarine track management task and to measure the potential disruptive effect of these situation awareness (SA) measures. Background: Submarine track managers use various displays to localize and track contacts detected by own-ship sensors. The measurement of SA is crucial for designing effective submarine display interfaces and training programs. Method: Participants monitored a tactical display and sonar bearing-history display to track the cumulative behaviors of contacts in relationship to own-ship position and landmarks. SPAM (or SAGAT) and the Air Traffic Workload Input Technique (ATWIT) were administered during each scenario, and the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) and Situation Awareness Rating Technique were administered postscenario. Results: SPAM and SAGAT predicted variance in performance after controlling for subjective measures of SA and workload, and SA for past information was a stronger predictor than SA for current/future information. The NASA-TLX predicted performance on some tasks. Only SAGAT predicted variance in performance on all three tasks but marginally increased subjective workload. Conclusion: SPAM, SAGAT, and the NASA-TLX can predict unique variance in submarine track management performance. SAGAT marginally increased subjective workload, but this increase did not lead to any performance decrement. Application: Defense researchers have identified SPAM as an alternative to SAGAT because it would not require field exercises involving submarines to be paused. SPAM was not disruptive, but it is potentially problematic that SPAM did not predict variance in all three performance tasks.
Depression and health-seeking behaviour among migrant workers in Shenzhen
Authors: Lam Kelvin KF , Johnston Janice M 
Published: August 2014

Background: This study describes the prevalence of depression symptoms and its impact on health-seeking behaviour among Chinese migrant workers in a sample of 1,533 Shenzhen residents. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was administered in Shenzhen with a random sample of 859 registered and 674 non-registered residents. The 20-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression Scale (CES-D) scale was used to measure depression symptoms. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to assess healthcare services utilisation. Results: Non-registered residents were more likely to have clinically significant depressive symptoms (CES-D score ≥ 16) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.81; confidence interval (CI) = 1.18, 2.76). Despite this, depressed non-registered residents had no significant difference in health-seeking behaviour when compared to those without depression (OR = 2.86; CI = 0.98, 8.32), while in contrast, depressed registered residents had a positive and stronger association with healthcare services utilisation and/or self-medication (OR = 3.34; CI = 1.28, 8.71). Conclusion: The findings suggest higher prevalence of depression but less utilisation of healthcare services or self-medication among migrant residents. That migrants with depression lack access to healthcare suggests healthcare inequality. Psychological disorders require careful management and treatment; the mismatch in their health needs and access to care may contribute to the Inverse-care law.
Applying Approximate Entropy (ApEn) to Speculative Bubble in the Stock Market
Authors: Bhaduri Saumitra N. 
Published: August 2014

In contrast to the traditional duration dependence test, the article introduces an order statistic known as Approximate Entropy (ApEn) to investigate the presence of speculative bubbles for a cross-country sample. Using ApEn, the article examines four major crashes in the US, Japan, Hong Kong and India. In addition, the article also investigates the 1997 Asian crisis using weekly data for seven major Asian indices which include Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Korea, Taiwan, Indonesia and Japan. The results confirm that there are strong ‘tell-tale’ signs characterised by low ApEn level during many of these crash events. All the evidences using yearly as well as time series data (both discrete and rolling window analysis) point to a substantially lower level of ApEn during the crash. JEL Classification: G30, G01
The Tibiofibular Line
Authors: Gifford Peter Blair , Lutz Michael 
Published: August 2014

Background: Medical imaging of the distal tibiofibular joint requires reliable and simple tools to identify disruption of the syndesmosis. We present an anatomical feature, the “tibiofibular line,” which appears on axial computed tomography (CT) images of normal ankles. This feature is a straight line that connects the anterolateral surface of the fibula with the anterolateral tubercle of the tibia at the level of the ankle syndesmosis. The purpose of this study was, first, to demonstrate that this line is a reliable anatomical feature in normal ankles and, second, to demonstrate that this line is displaced with diastasis or malrotation of the syndesmosis. Methods: A series of 150 normal ankle CTs were collected, negative for history of ankle injury with a normal tibiofibular overlap and clear space. Thirty ankles with a displaced syndesmosis were identified by history, CT, and abnormal tibiofibular overlap and clear space parameters. The tibiofibular line was applied to both groups and measured for its distance displaced from the anterior tibial tubercle. Results: All CT images in the normal ankle group had a tibiofibular line within 2 mm of the anterior tibial tubercle (77% of the tibiofibular lines were within 0 mm, 19% were within 1 mm, and 4% were within 2 mm). The tibiofibular line in the injured group was displaced anteriorly by 4 to 19 mm (minimum to maximum) from the tibial tubercle ( P < .0001). Conclusion: The tibiofibular line was a normal anatomical feature that could be used to identify displacement of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis. Level of Evidence: Level III, comparative series.
Validation of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS-II) in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Magistrale Giuseppe , Pisani Valerio , Argento Ornella , Incerti Chiara C , Bozzali Marco , Cadavid Diego , Caltagirone Carlo , Medori Rossella , DeLuca John , Nocentini Ugo 
Published: August 2014

Background: The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS-II) is a widely used generic assessment instrument for health and disability. However, a specific psychometric evaluation for this scale in multiple sclerosis (MS) is lacking. This study is aimed at the assessment of the psychometric properties of the WHODAS-II in MS with Cronbach’s α and modern Rasch-model analyses. Methods: The WHODAS-II was administered to 136 consecutively recruited MS patients. Several indexes of fit to the Rasch model were evaluated in order to assess internal construct validity. Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach’s α and the Person Separation Index (PSI). External validity was evaluated by analyzing correlations between the WHODAS-II and the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQoL-54). Results: Classical reliability indexes (Cronbach’s α and intraclass correlation) showed good to excellent reliability for most of the subscales and for the total scale (α = 0.93). The total scale both with (36 items) or without (32 items) work items reached good fit to the Rasch model (PSI = 0.83). However, analysis of the subscales could resolve only four subscales out of seven. Conclusions: The WHODAS-II is a reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of patient-reported disability in MS, with some limitations including some item redundancy and questionable reliability of some subscales.
Pregnancy-Secreted Acid Phosphatase, Uteroferrin, Enhances Fetal Erythropoiesis
Authors: Ying Wei , Wang Haiqing , Bazer Fuller W. , Zhou Beiyan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractUteroferrin (UF) is a progesterone-induced acid phosphatase produced by uterine glandular epithelia in mammals during pregnancy and targeted to sites of hematopoiesis throughout pregnancy. The expression pattern of UF is coordinated with early fetal hematopoietic development in the yolk sac and then liver, spleen, and bone to prevent anemia in fetuses. Our previous studies suggested that UF exerts stimulatory impacts on hematopoietic progenitor cells. However, the precise role and thereby the mechanism of action of UF on hematopoiesis have not been investigated previously. Here, we report that UF is a potent regulator that can greatly enhance fetal erythropoiesis. Using primary fetal liver hematopoietic cells, we observed a synergistic stimulatory effect of UF with erythropoietin and other growth factors on both burst-forming unit-erythroid and colony-forming unit-erythroid formation. Further, we demonstrated that UF enhanced erythropoiesis at terminal stages using an in vitro culture system. Surveying genes that are crucial for erythrocyte formation at various stages revealed that UF, along with erythropoietin, up-regulated transcription factors required for terminal erythrocyte differentiation and genes required for synthesis of hemoglobin. Collectively, our results demonstrate that UF is a cytokine secreted by uterine glands in response to progesterone that promotes fetal erythropoiesis at various stages of pregnancy, including burst-forming unit-erythroid and colony-forming unit-erythroid progenitor cells and terminal stages of differentiation of hematopoietic cells in the erythroid lineage.
Multivalued problem with Robin boundary condition involving diffuse measure data and variable exponent
Authors: Ouaro Stanislas , Ouedraogo Arouna , Soma Safimba 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
We study a nonlinear elliptic problem with Robin type boundary condition, governed by a general Leray–Lions operator with variable exponents and diffuse Radon measure data which does not charge the sets of zero p(·)-capacity. We prove an existence and uniqueness result of a weak solution.
Action of the Cremona group on foliations on ℙℂ
2: Some curious facts
Authors: Cerveau Dominique , Déserti Julie 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The Cremona group of birational transformations of ℙℂ
2 acts on the space 𝔽(2) of holomorphic foliations on the complex projective plane. Since this action is not compatible with the natural graduation of 𝔽(2) by the degree, its description is complicated. The fixed points of the action are essentially described by Cantat and Favre in [J. Reine Angew. Math. 561 (2003), 199–235]. In that article we are interested in problems of “aberration of the degree”, that is, pairs

(
φ
,
ℱ
)

$(\phi ,\mathcal {F})$

from

Bir

(

ℙ
ℂ
2

)

×
𝔽

(
2
)

${\mathrm {Bir}(\mathbb {P}^2_\mathbb {C})\times \mathbb {F}(2)}$

for which

deg

φ
*

ℱ
=
deg
ℱ
<

(
deg
ℱ
+
1
)

deg
φ
+
deg
φ
-
2

$\deg \phi ^*\mathcal {F}=\deg \mathcal {F}&lt;(\deg \mathcal {F}+1)\deg \phi +\deg \phi -2$

, the generic degree of such a pull-back. We introduce the notion of numerical invariance (

deg

φ
*

ℱ
=
deg
ℱ

${\deg \phi ^*\mathcal {F}=\deg \mathcal {F}}$

) and relate it in small degrees to the existence of transversal structure for the considered foliations.
Information-preserving operators
Authors: Tsagareishvili Vakhtang 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The paper considers operators that map the set E onto itself. If

A
(
ϕ
)
=
ψ

${A(\varphi )=\psi }$

, then ψ preserves some property of the point ϕ (here A is an operator and

ϕ
,
ψ
∈
E

${\varphi ,\psi \in E}$

). Such an approach to operators may serve as a method of solving some problems of mathematics, including the theory of orthogonal series.
Inflammatory outcomes of apoptosis, necrosis and necroptosis
Authors: Davidovich Pavel , Kearney Conor J. , Martin Seamus J. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Microbial infection and tissue injury are well established as the two major drivers of inflammation. However, although it is widely accepted that necrotic cell death can trigger or potentiate inflammation, precisely how this is achieved still remains relatively obscure. Certain molecules, which have been dubbed ‘damage-associated molecular patterns’ (DAMPs) or alarmins, are thought to promote inflammation upon release from necrotic cells. However, the precise nature and relative potency of DAMPs, compared to conventional pro-inflammatory cytokines or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), remains unclear. How different modes of cell death impact on the immune system also requires further clarification. Apoptosis has long been regarded as a non-inflammatory or even anti-inflammatory mode of cell death, but recent studies suggest that this is not always the case. Necroptosis is a programmed form of necrosis that is engaged under certain conditions when caspase activation is blocked. Necroptosis is also regarded as a highly pro-inflammatory mode of cell death but there has been little explicit examination of this issue. Here we discuss the inflammatory implications of necrosis, necroptosis and apoptosis and some of the unresolved questions concerning how dead cells influence inflammatory responses.
How difficult is difficult? Speech perception in noise in the elderly hearing impaired
Authors: Lavie Limor , Banai Karen , Attias Joseph , Karni Avi 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Background: Perception of speech in the presence of competing multitalker noise is difficult for most individuals with sensory hearing loss, and in particular, for the elderly hearing impaired. Elderly people frequently report that these difficulties are poorly compensated for by hearing aids, albeit the algorithms and technologies aiming to improve speech perception in noise. The aim of the current study was therefore to assess competing speech signals processing by measuring the amount of signal to noise ratio (SNR) loss experienced by elderly hearing impaired individuals and their performance in dichotic listening tests.

Methods: Speech in multitalker babble noise and dichotic listening were assessed in older hearing impaired individuals and in young normal-hearing adults.

Results: The average dichotic scores in the elderly group were substantially and significantly lower compared with the scores of the younger group with a significant right ear advantage (higher accuracy in reporting words arriving at the right ear than words arriving at the left ear) in the elderly group. Speech identification in noise in the older group was significantly poorer than in the younger group (SNR loss: 10 dB).

Conclusions: The poor performance in the elderly hearing impaired group highlights the difficulties faced by hearing impaired older adults in demanding listening environments. Our results suggest that it may be unreasonable to expect that elderly hearing impaired individuals may fully understand speech in multitalker environments even when hearing aids are used.
Needle detachment from the Sure-T® infusion set in two young children with diabetes mellitus (DM) treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and unexplained hyperglycaemia
Authors: Massa Guy , Gys Inge , Eyndt Anniek Op’t , Wauben Karen , Vanoppen Astrid 
Published: August 2014

AbstractWe report on two young children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, treated by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, who developed severe hyperglycaemia and detachment of the needle from the insulin infusion set.
Crystal structures of (E)-2-(2-benzylidenehydrazinyl)quinoxalines: persistent N–H···N intermolecular hydrogen bonds but variable π···π interactions
Authors: de Souza Marcus V.N. , Noguiera Thais C.M. , Wardell Solange M.S.V. , Wardell James L. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The crystal structures of two (E)-2-(2-benzylidenehydrazin-1-yl)quinoxaline derivatives, (E)-2-(XYC6 H3-CH=N-NH)-quinoxalines, 1, namely (1: X=H; Y=4-MeO or 4-O2 N) have been determined. In both cases, the major intermolecular interactions are N–H···N(pyrazine) hydrogen bonds. While in both compounds π···π intermolecular stacking interactions are present, these involve different aromatic rings in each case and hence different structural motifs are formed. These findings – of persistent and dominant N–H···N(pyrazine) hydrogen bonds and variable π···π interactions – concur with the previous findings for other compounds 1. The substituents, Y, in (1: X=H; Y=4-MeO or 4-O2 N) play minor roles in the overall supramolecular arrangements.