bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quadruple Rescue erapy aer First and Second Line Failure for Helicobacter pylori Treatment: Comparison between Two Tetracycline-Based Regimens
Authors: Ierardi Enzo , Giangaspero Antonio , Losurdo Giuseppe , Giorgio Floriana , Amoruso Annacinzia , De Francesco Vincenzo , Di Leo Alfredo , Principi Mariabeatrice 
Published: December 2014

Background & Aims: Antibiotic resistance is the main reason for failure of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) treatment. Currently, guidelines recommend a treatment guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing after two failures. However, microbial culture is not feasible everywhere, and the limited number of effective antibiotics against the bacterium narrows the options; thus a rescue therapy combining antibiotics with a low resistance may be fitting.Methods: Patients who have failed a first-line treatment (either prolonged triple or sequential regimens) and, successively, a levofloxacin-based triple therapy were considered for the study. Subjects underwent urea breath test (UBT), stool antigen test (ST) and endoscopy/histology to confirm the diagnosis. Cytopenia and impaired liver and kidney function were exclusion criteria. Fifty-four subjects were randomized 1:1 to two regimens: RMB Rabeprazole/Rifabutin/Minocycline/Bismuth sub-citrate or MTB Rabeprazole/Tinidazole/ Minocycline/Bismuth sub-citrate both for 10 days. The results were checked 6 weeks after the end of therapy with ST/UBT plus endoscopy when indicated.Results: RMB eradicated the bacterium in 21 patients. Two subjects dropped out. The eradication rate was 77.7% (CI 62.0-93.4%) at intention-to-treat and 84.0% (CI 69.6-98.4%) at per-protocol analysis. MTB was successful in 14 patients (51.9%, CI 33.1-70.7%). No patient withdrew from the treatment for adverse events. Drug-related side effects were reported only in 3 subjects, but in all cases the treatment was carried on.Conclusions: The association minocycline/rifabutin seems to have a synergic effect and a good therapeutic outcome in patients who have failed at least two previous regimens, although a trial on a large population is needed.
Compromiso y flexibilidad en organizaciones innovadoras
Authors: García-Tenorio Ronda Jesús , Sánchez Quirós Isabel , Pérez Rodríguez María José 
Published: December 2014

A partir de una muestra de 136 empresas canadienses, ofrecemos algunas pautas de actuación en la gestión de personas que facilitan el desarrollo y la retención del talento de los colaboradores de la organización. Los resultados de nuestro análisis muestran que las empresas más innovadoras utilizan una estrategia first movers y, con la mediación de determinadas políticas de recursos humanos, consiguen un mejor desempeño organizativo e individual en términos financieros, de innovación y de rotación. Estas mismas políticas contribuyen de manera notoria tanto en la generación de compromiso como de flexibilidad organizativa en este tipo de empresas.
Physical Exercise and Weight Loss for Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis in Very Old Patients: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Quintrec Jean-Laurent Le , Verlhac Bernard , Cadet Christian , Bréville Philippe , Vetel Jean M , Gauvain Jean B , Jeandel Claude , Maheu Emmanuel 
Published: December 2014

Background :
Rheumatologic and geriatric scholarly organisations recommendations for the management of hip and knee osteoarthritis, which emphasise the usefulness of non-pharmacological therapies, are not scaled according to patient’s age and physical condition. We conducted a systematic review of clinical trials on exercise and weight loss in hip and knee osteoarthritis in very old patients.

Methods :
Electronic search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PASCAL database, systematic search of the Cochrane Reviews, manual search in guidelines, meta-analyses and identified relevant articles.

Results :
We identified 83 trials, with only 2 on patients aged ≥ 75 years; we therefore lowered the mean age threshold to 70 years and found 15 trials, mainly performed in knee osteoarthritis and outpatients.

Physical exercise (8 trials):
was effective on pain and function (4 controlled trials), with a persistent effect only in case of self-rehabilitation.

Aquatic exercise (5 trials):
was as effective as land-based exercise.

Weight loss (2 trials):
only patients under diet + exercise had significant improvement on symptoms.

Conclusion :
Our systematic review confirms that international recommendations on exercise for knee osteoarthritis also apply to subjects aged 70-80 years. Long-term effectiveness requires a maintenance strategy. Specific trials on very old patients with various comorbidities are mandatory, given that these subjects are more exposed to drug-related iatrogenesis.
The Effect of Metformin on Glucose Homeostasis During Moderate Exercise
Authors: Hansen Merethe , Palsøe Marie K. , Helge Jørn W. , Dela Flemming 
Published: December 2014

OBJECTIVE
We investigated the role of metformin on glucose kinetics during moderate exercise.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Before, during, and after a 45-min bout of exercise at 60% VO2max, glucose kinetics were determined by isotope tracer technique in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with metformin treatment (DM2+Met) or without metformin treatment (DM2) and in healthy control subjects (CON) matched for BMI and age. Glucoregulatory hormones and metabolites were measured throughout the study.

RESULTS
Plasma glucose concentration was unchanged during exercise in CON but decreased in DM2. No significant change was found in DM2+Met. Hormones and metabolites showed no differences among the groups except for elevated exercise-induced concentrations of lactate in DM2 (area under the curve [AUC] 31 ± 1% vs. CON) and glucagon in DM2 (AUC 5 ± 1% vs. DM2+Met). Free fatty acid levels were lower in DM2+Met than in DM2 (AUC −14 ± 1%). Absolute values of the baseline glucose rate of appearance (Ra) were elevated in DM2 and DM2+Met, but the increase in glucose Ra relative to baseline was blunted in DM2 (19 ± 1%) and DM2+Met (18 ± 4%) compared with CON (46 ± 4%). Glucose rate of disappearance relative to baseline increased more in CON (31 ± 3%) than in DM2 (6 ± 1%) and DM2+Met (21 ± 2%), showing a small increase caused by metformin. Glucose metabolic clearance rate relative to baseline was similar during exercise in DM2 (33 ± 1%) and CON (35 ± 3%) but was improved in DM2+Met (37 ± 3%) compared with DM2.

CONCLUSIONS
Metformin has a positive effect on glucose homeostasis during exercise.
The Effect of Drugs and Other Compounds on the Ciliary Beat Frequency of Human Respiratory Epithelium
Authors: Workman Alan D. , Cohen Noam A. 
Published: December 2014

Background Cilia in the human respiratory tract play a critical role in clearing mucus and debris from the airways. Their function can be affected by a number of drugs or other substances, many of which alter ciliary beat frequency (CBF). This has implications for diseases of the respiratory tract and nasal drug delivery. This article is a systematic review of the literature that examines 229 substances and their effect on CBF. Methods MEDLINE was the primary database used for data collection. Eligibility criteria based on experimental design were established, and 152 studies were ultimately selected. Each individual trial for the substances tested was noted whenever possible, including concentration, time course, specific effect on CBF, and source of tissue. Results There was a high degree of heterogeneity between the various experiments examined in this article. Substances and their general effects (increase, no effect, decrease) were grouped into six categories: antimicrobials and antivirals, pharmacologics, human biological products, organisms and toxins, drug excipients, and natural compounds/other manipulations. Conclusion Organisms, toxins, and drug excipients tend to show a cilioinhibitory effect, whereas substances in all other categories had mixed effects. All studies examined were in vitro experiments, and application of the results in vivo is confounded by several factors. The data presented in this article should be useful in future respiratory research and examination of compounds for therapeutic and drug delivery purposes.
A Report on 15 Years of Clinical Negligence Claims in Rhinology
Authors: Geyton Thomas , Odutoye Tunde , Mathew Rajeev 
Published: December 2014

Background This study was designed to determine the characteristics of medical negligence claims in rhinology. In 2010–2011 the National Health Service (NHS) litigation bill surpassed 1 billion Great British Pounds (GBP; 1.52 billion U.S. dollars [US$]). Systematic analysis of malpractice complaints allows for the identification of errors and can thereby improve patient safety and reduce the burden of litigation claims on health services. Methods Claims relating to ear, nose, and throat between 1995 and 2010 were obtained from the NHS Litigation Authority and were analyzed. Results The series contains 65 closed claims that resulted in payment totaling 3.1 million GBP (US$4.7 million). Fifty claims were related to surgical complications. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery and septoplasty were the procedures most commonly associated with successful claims. There were 11 cases of orbital injury including 6 cases of visual loss and 5 cases of diplopia. The most common cause of a claim was failure to recognize the complication or manage it appropriately. Lack of informed consent was claimed in eight cases. Other claims arose because of errors in outpatient procedures (two), diagnosis (six), delayed surgery (one), and errors in medical management (three). Conclusion This is the first study to report the outcomes of negligence claims in rhinology in the United Kingdom. Claims in rhinology are associated with a high success rate. Steps that can be taken to reduce litigation include careful patient workup and ensuring adequate informed consent. Where there is a suspicion of orbital damage early recognition and intervention is needed to reduce long-term injury to the patient.
Participatory Crop Improvement of Nepalese Fingermillet Cultivars
Authors: Bajracharya Sharad , Prasad Ram C. , Budhathoki Shiva K. 
Published: December 2014

A field study was undertaken on Nepalese fingermillet genotypes with the participation of the local community at pipaltar of nuwakot district during 2003 and 2004. The study included a) identification of superior fingermillet cultivars through diversity block management and mother set trial, b) seed Production of promising lines, c) farmers' field verification trial (diamond trial) And d) characterization and documentation of fingermillet genotypes. Results Revealed that mudke, chaure and jalbire are high yielding promising genotypes Suited to that area. From household surveys carried out among 46 samples (40%), 80 hh have revealed that mudke, chaure and seto kodo are preferred fingermillet cultivars. About 70% grow mudke, 46% grow chaure while 2% Grow Seto Kodo. The programme has successfully explored the potential of Local fingermillet cultivars by there evaluation and utilized them through Value added product development and market promotion. Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 9, 2009, pp. 12-16 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v9i0.11636
Influence of Long-term Use of Organic and Inorganic Nutrients on HLB Disease of Wheat under Rice-Wheat Cropping Pattern
Authors: Bhandari Deepak , Regmi Anant P. 
Published: December 2014

Helminthosporium leaf blight (HLB) is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat in terai (plain) region of Nepal. This study was conducted to determine the effect of long-term application of various levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and organic nutrients on HLB disease of wheat. The experiment was superimposed on long-term fertility experiment conducted in RCB design with three replications under rice-wheat cropping pattern at National wheat research program (NWRP), Bhairahawa, Nepal. The treatments include various combinations of nitrogen 100 kg ha-1, phosphorus 0 and 60 kg ha-1, and potash 0, 50 and 100 kg ha-1 with or without Sesbania (Sesbania cannabina) and farm yard manure (FYM). Area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated using the disease scores and yield parameters were recorded. Among the inorganic nutrients, long-term deficiency of potash in the field markedly enhances the HLB disease. Application of phosphorus in various doses increased the HLB severity in absence of potash. Regular application of at least potash 50 kg ha- 1 in wheat noticeably reduced the HLB disease. Regular use of FYM 10 ton ha-1 for long-term considerably reduced the HLB disease but long-term use of Sesbania as green manure did not show any impact on HLB severity. Inclusion of potash in nutrients considerably increased the yield and thousand grain weight (TGW) of wheat. In long term, balanced use of inorganic and organic nutrients with special attention on regular inclusion of potash and FYM in the nutrient combinations is vital in suppression of HLB disease under rice-wheat cropping pattern.Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 9, 2009, pp. 76-84DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v9i0.11644
Controlling Foliar Blight of Wheat through Nutrient Management and Varietal Selection
Authors: Kandel Yuba R. , Mahato Jaya P. 
Published: December 2014

Helminthosporium leaf blight, a complex of spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and tan spot caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is one of the most important foliar diseases of wheat in Nepal. It appears in almost all wheat growing areas and causes severe yield loss every year. A study was conducted at Regional Agriculture Research Station (RARS), Tarahara, Sunsari during 2004-05 and 2005-06 wheat growing seasons to elucidate role of nitrogen in wheat genotypes for management of the disease. Field experiment was laid out on split plot design with three replications. Four doses of nitrogen in six different promising genotypes were tested. Nitrogen levels higher than 50 kg ha-1 significantly reduced disease severity and increased grain yield in all genotypes but there was no significant differences in grain yield in the first year. In the second year, grain yield difference among the genotypes was significant. Area under disease progress curve(AUDPC) was not significant between two doses 100 and 150 kg ha-1. The wheat genotypes showed different reactions to disease. Genotype BL 2047 had the lowest incidence of disease followed by BL 1887, whereas BL 2217 had the highest incidence of the disease. Genotype BL 2196 produced the highest grain yield (2172 kg ha-1) and the lowest grain yield was obtained in Bhrikuti followed by BL 2089. These results suggested that fertilizer should be applied in soil at balanced dose 100:50:50 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1. Growing relatively resistant genotypes with the balance dose of fertilizers can reduce foliar blight severity in wheat.Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 9, 2009, pp. 85-93DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v9i0.11645
Digestibility of Ficus roxburghii, Castanopsis indica and Ficus cunia on Growing Buffalo from Western Hills of Nepal
Authors: Osti Netra P. , Chapagain Purna B. , Tiwari Megh R. , Upreti Chet R. 
Published: December 2014

Nine buffalo calves were subjected to three fodder tree species namely; Nimaro (Ficus roxburghii), Dhalne Katus (Castanopsis indica) and Rai Khanyu (Ficus cunia) for digestibility trial during November 27 and December 3, 2005 in Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lumle, Kaski, Nepal. Animals were kept 7 days for adaptation for these fodders. Weighed amount of fodder tree leaves including twigs and small branches were fed two times a day and observation on fodder offered, refused and faeces voided were recorded daily. Chemical composition of fresh matter and faeces voided were carried out for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). The mean DM content and their dry matter digestibility (DMD) of these three fodder tree species were found 27.86, 46.02, 34.72, 73.21, 65.93 and 71.28 percent, respectively. Strong negative correlations (r=-0.75 to –0.78; p<0.05) were observed between Ca and CP with fiber fraction (NDF and ADF). A weak correlation was also observed between P and other constituents with respect to digestibility. From the results, if there could be provision of low fiber content in dry season, the three main nutrients (Ca, P and CP) may easily be absorbed by the animals.Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 9, 2009, pp. 94-98DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v9i0.11646
Effect of zirconium and heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of cast chromium bronze for conductive parts
Authors: Zhi Xiaohui , Zhao Feng 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The microstructure and properties of cast chromium bronzes with varying Zr contents obtained by different treatment methods were characterized by using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction. In the specimens with the same composition, the precipitated chromium phase particles in specimens treated by quenching and aging were more granular than those in specimens treated by aging. The precipitated Cr phase was clearly refined and segregated when zirconium was added to the melt. With the addition of zirconium, the tensile strength of the alloy increased by about 3 %, but its electrical conductivity decreased by about 9 %.
Regression analysis of bonding strength of sprayed coatings based on acoustic emission signal
Authors: Song Yanan , Xu Binshi , Wang Haidou , Liu Ming , Piao Zhongyu 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to obtain the regression equation of the bonding strength of sprayed coatings vs. acoustic emission (AE) signal. FeCrBSi coating, Al2O3-40 wt.% TiO2 (AT40) coating and Al2O3 coating were prepared using an atmospheric plasma spraying system. The microstructures and properties of the coatings were characterized. The coatings exhibited typical laminate structure with low porosity and good bonding interface. The AE signals during indentation testing were abstracted and investigated. AE energy was more sensitive to the coating cracking failure than AE amplitude. Moreover, the energy of AE burst signal had a close positive relationship with coating bonding strength. The distribution characteristic of AE peak energy was discussed based on the Weibull distribution. The best regression equations for the three coatings were obtained to predict the bonding strengths of sprayed coatings based on AE burst signal energy for similar coating/substrate systems.
Production of bioactive glass-derived scaffolds using citric acid porogen
Authors: Izadi Samaneh , Hesaraki Saeed , Hafezi-Ardakani Masoud 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In the present study porous bioactive scaffolds were produced by mixing citric acid porogen and sol–gel derived bioactive glass powder, followed by sintering at 1200, 1250 and 1300°C. Bioglass powder and scaffolds were characterized by means of thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Total porosity and compressive strength of scaffolds sintered at 1250°C were 70% and 0.8 MPa, respectively. Also, X-ray diffraction analysis of these scaffolds showed calcium pyrophosphate, pseudowollastonite and cristobalite were the main phases found in the composition of the scaffolds at all three temperatures. After immersion of scaffolds in simulated body fluid, remarkable calcium phosphate precipitation was observed under scanning electron microscopy. This scaffold can be a suitable candidate for bone tissue engineering.
Dissimilar friction stir welding between polycarbonate and AA 7075 aluminum alloy
Authors: Moshwan Raza , Rahmat Sahifulddin M. , Yusof Farazila , Hassan Mohsen A. , Hamdi Mohd , Fadzil Mohd 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
In this paper, the effects of process parameters, such as the tool rotational and traverse speeds, on temperature evolution and the microstructural and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir welding between 3 mm thick AA 7075 aluminum alloy and polycarbonate (PC) plates were investigated. The tool rotational and traverse speeds were varied from 3000 to 3500 rpm and 50 to 150 mm min−1, respectively. The joint fabricated at 3250 rpm and 100 mm min−1 yielded a highest tensile load of 586 N. Microstructural analysis of the stir zone revealed an interlock phenomenon, the transportation of AA 7075 in polycarbonate, and the absence of ceramic-type (carbide, hydride or oxide) compounds. Microhardness (HV) measurement on the weld zone showed an uneven distribution due to the complicated microstructure of the welded joint. The maximum temperatures of 164°C and 66°C were obtained at 3250 rpm and 100 mm min−1 at a distance of 5 mm away from the welding centerline in the AA 7075 and PC side, respectively.
L'énigme de l'art quaternaire peut-elle être résolue par la théorie du culte des Ongones ?
Authors: Glory André 
Published: December 2014

En confrontant la synthèse des croyances mystiques des peuples hyper- boréens, disséminés autour du Cercle Polaire arctique avec les sujets peints, gravés et sculptés et avec les documents archéologiques découverts dans la préhistoire eurasique, la raison trouve de si nombreuses coïncidences qu'elle ne fait aucune objection à l'application de la théorie du Culte des Ongones.
Ce Culte distingue le Le Kane, le support matériel inerte, qui doit être animé par l'Ongone, l'Esprit-Ame, la Vie dans toutes ses manifestations végétales, animales et humaines.
L'Homme est lié aux ongones par une sorte de Contrat-Alliance, qui a fait naître des rites, des coutumes, des cérémonies tribales et funéraires dans lesquelles les témoignages archéologiques trouvent une explication logique et rationnelle.
Épistémologie et théologie trinitaire (A propos d'un texte de saint Thomas : Somme de Théologie, la, qu. 32, art. I, ad 2m)
Authors: Dumoulin Bertrand 
Published: December 2014

Pour saint Thomas, une explication scientifique ne peut être prise au sérieux que si elle part de prémisses absolument certaines (cf. l'opposition aristotélicienne entre raisonnement apodictique et raisonnement dialectique) .
Au contraire, l'épistémologie contemporaine considère qu'une hypothèse scientifique vaut par sa cohérence interne et son aptitude à unifier le donné. La notion johannique d'agapè pourrait jouer un rôle de ce genre dans la théologie trinitaire.
Tertullien et l'Epistula Marcionis
Authors: Maré Jean-Pierre 
Published: December 2014

La lettre de Marcion (cf. tert., Cam. 11,4 ; Marc. 1,1,6 et IV, IV, 3) n'est probablement pas, malgré l'avis de Harnack, une véritable lettre que l'Église de Rome tirait de ses archives comme pièce à conviction contre les marcionites. Il s'agirait plutôt d'un
recueil de ζητήσαις (entre autres, un rapprochement entre Le 6,43 et Es. 45.7 : cf. tert., Marc. 1,11,1-3) diffusé par ceux-ci en Occident jusqu'aux environs de 180. A partir de cette date, l'argument de prescription, que Tertullien devait reprendre ensuite vigoureusement sous une forme plus juridique, en a rendu l'usage peu à peu impossible.
Le symbole dans l'Ancien Testament
Authors: Chary Théophane 
Published: December 2014

Le symbolisme biblique se présente de façon originale parce qu'il est au service d'une foi monothéiste déjà ferme ou encore à affermir. Les données mythologiques et cosmogoniques extrabibliques ainsi que les éléments du symbolisme religieux universel attesté par l'histoire des religions, ont été utilisés certes, et parfois largement, mais ont toujours été disciplinés, réduits, décapés pour leur faire perdre leur tonalité païenne et les intégrer dans un enseignement monothéiste.
Cette utilisation toute particulière du langage symbolique permet à la Bible, tout en présentant une richesse d'expression incomparable, de rester intelligible à travers les générations.