bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STRUCTURE AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF ASCLEPIAS SYRIACA L. IN THE AGRICULTURAL LAND
Authors: Pauková Žaneta , Káderová Viktória , Bakay Ladislav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
This paper evaluates the selected population-biological characteristics and size structure of invasive neophyte Asclepias syriaca in three habitat types (abandoned vineyards, grassland and road side) in the district of Veľký Krtíš in Central Slovakia. Three permanent research plots (1 m × 1 m) were established and monitored during the growing season in 2012. The density of the population at the end of the growing season ranged from 15 to 29 stems per m2. The greatest average plant height was recorded in the roadside plot (129 cm) and the lowest in the abandoned vineyard (92 cm). Main stem thickness reached 1.5-2.0 cm at the base. The highest number of main stem leaves was recorded at the end of June and July (from 24 to 27). The number of inflorescences varied from 1.6 to 3.4 and the number of fruits ranged from 1.2 to 3.8 per generative stem. Statistically significant differences were found in the plant height, thickness of the main stem and the number of fruits at the three different locations.
MONITORING OF ACTUAL STATUS AND DEVELOPMENT OF ACTIVE ALUMINIUM IN SOILS IN SLOVAKIA
Authors: Makovníková Jarmila , Kobza Jozef 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Active aluminium contents in agricultural soils of Slovakia were evaluated in the frame of partial-monitoring system - soil. The soil samples were taken in 5 years regular intervals from depths of 0-0.10 and 0.35-0.45 m. In the dry homogenised samples, soil reaction (pH in CaCl2), exchangeable cation Ca2+ and active Al content by Sokolov (soil is extracted with 1 N KCl and Al is precipitated with NaF) in the samples with pH value lower than 6.0 were measured. Active Al content was in the range 0.10-684.0 mg/kg with the average value 59.28 mg/kg and median value 8.30 mg/kg in the depth 0-0.10 m. In the depth 0.35-0.45 m, the average value was 59.30 mg/kg and the median value was 9.00 mg/kg. Significant differences in average and median values between the arable land and permanent grassland are determined as a consequence of the relationship between soil quality and its use. The increase in the active aluminium content (between first and last monitoring cycles) was determined in the group Podzols, Lithic Leptosols used as the permanent grassland as well as in the group Cambisols on the crystalline rocks and in the group Fluvisols used as arable land.
Long-term comparison of climatological variables used for agricultural land appraisement
Authors: Stŕedová Hana , Stŕeda Tomáš , Rožnovský Jaroslav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Official price of farmland in the Czech Republic is based on land value in different soil and climatic conditions. The paper compares relevant climatic and agroclimatic characteristics used for land appraisement. Characteristics defined in climatic region of estimated pedological ecological unit system for two fifty years period 1901-1950 and 1961-2010 were evaluated. Area of interest includes 53 points distributed within nine broad areas of the Czech Republic. It is evident that the development of climate has an enormous impact on soil fertility. Difference of station average values of air temperature of both fifty years vary from −0.5 to 1.1 ◦ C (mean difference is 0.3 ◦ C) in the case of vegetation period. The shift of precipitation is not so evident as in the case of temperature. The long term change in precipitation distribution within a year is documented by a different shift of annual, vegetation period and non-vegetation period values. Moisture certainty in vegetation period decreases in all cases of broad areas (except one region). All 50year averages of investigated parameters had been changed in 1961-2010 compared to the mean of 1901-1950. This should be taken into account when fixing the official price. Climatic region parameters should be replaced by a more complex “agroclimatological characteristic”, which take into account also the basic pedological and plant characteristics, for example the available water holding capacity.
State of bare soil surface as a spring drought indicator
Authors: Mužíková Bronislava , Stŕeda Tomáš , Stŕedová Hana 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
To evaluate soil moisture conditions in spring crops sowing term, data of bare soil surface state were used. Analysis included 32 stations throughout the Czech Republic. Number of days with dry soil surface in each year was compared with the average number of those days in the period 1961-2010 for a given station. The limits of the individual categories were then determined for the period 1961-2010. The individual values of the number of days with dry condition of soil in the early spring period were compared with acquired 10th, 25th, 75th and 90th percentile average (1961-2010). More days with dry soil are usually observed in April than in March. In both months there are 11 days with this condition of soil altogether on average. Dry early spring occurred mainly in 1961, 1968, 1974, 1981, 1990, 2002, 2003, 2007 and 2009. Wet spring occurred in years 1965, 1970, 1980, 2001 and 2006 at almost all stations. There is a significant correlation (p < 0.01) between number of days with dry condition of soil and elevation (r = −0.51, n = 32). Average number of days with dry condition of soil surface in March and April in the period 1961-2010 ranges from 5 to 21 days, which is similar to the median values. Trend analysis did not produce conclusive results, but linear trend of smoothing April data was significantly increased in most localities. The number of days with dry condition of soil in the past decades has no significant upward or downward trend. However four years (2002, 2003, 2007 and 2009) have been evaluated as dry and two years (2001 and 2006) were evaluated as wet. An amount of extreme spring weather increases.
DOUGLAS MCGREGOR’S THEORY X AND THEORY Y
Authors: Gannon Dave , Boguszak Anna 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
It was in 1957 that Douglas McGregor first proposed the concept of Theory X and Theory Y in ‘The Human Side of Enterprise’, yet still today his ideas continue to be misunderstood and misused in the field of management. The purpose of this paper is therefore to offer to business and management readers a clear overview of McGregor’s ideas, their use, critique, and contribution to the field of management.
Policy of attracting highly skilled professionals from the third countries to Czechia
Authors: Valenta Ondřej 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The issue of attracting highly skilled professionals has becoming a hot issue in Czechia in the context of overall progress towards a knowledge-based economy as well as current structural and anticipated deficiencies of the Czech RDI sector, both in public and private sector. The article aims at initial evaluation of the upcoming amendment of the migration policy in Czechia in the broader context of the current and anticipated need of highly skilled professionals; it also presents the main driving forces shaping the final design of the immigration policy in Czechia.
Mechanisms and tools of research organisations for international cooperation support
Authors: Kostić Miroslav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Support to participation of research teams in the programmes of international cooperation has been provided for a long time in the Czech Republic. However, from the level of research organisations the support of international cooperation is not developed sufficiently, which hampers broader and more flexible participation of Czech researchers in international programmes. The article aims at assessment of support to researchers’ involvement in international cooperation programmes provided by Czech research organisations, and recommendation of measures improving support and motivation mechanisms within research organisations based on foreign experience. The goal of these measures is to increase Czech participation in international research programmes. The first part of the article summarizing conditions in Czech research organisations is followed by the description of relevant foreign support models which suitably meet the identified needs of researchers. Conclusion of the article includes recommendations for Czech research organisations.
Variability to sedimentary dynamics and climatic conditions during the last two millennia at sebkha Souassi in eastern Tunisia
Authors: Essefi Elhoucine , Jmaa Hayet Ben , Touir Jamel , Tagortig Mohamed Ali , Yaicha Chokri 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThis paper covers work intended to study the interplay of sedimentary dynamics and climatic variability over the last two millennia within Tunisia’s sebkha Souassi. Based on the Visual Core Description, and magnetic susceptibility, we date the core from sebkha Souassi to the last two millennia. Genetic grain-size distribution then provided a basis for the identification of six climatic stages, i.e. the Warming Present (WP), the Late Little Ice Age (Late LIA), the Early Little Ice Age (ELIA), the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (MCA), the Dark Ages (DA), and the Roman Warm Period (RWP). The WP stretches across the uppermost 3 cm, with a high grey scale indicating a dry climate. The Late LIA is located between 3 and 7 cm, and the ELIA between 7 and 28 cm. Intermediate values for GS indicate that this stage may be classified as moderate. The MCA spanning from 28 to 40 cm is marked by a sharp decrease in GS indicative of a wet period. The DA appear along the part between 40 and 79 cm, a shift from light to dark sediments being recorded. The RWP in turn appears between 79 and 114 cm. Based on the grain-size distribution, two low-frequency cycles were identified, indicating radical global changes in climatic conditions, differential tectonics and groundwater fluctuations. High-frequency cycles in turn attest to local modifications of climatic conditions.
Distribution of CD14+ macrophages, CD4+, CD8+ lymphocytes and mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the endometrium of repeat breeding cows
Authors: Barański W. , Kaleczyc J. , Zduńczyk S. , Podlasz W. , Długołęcka-Malinowska E. , Janowski T. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The expression of CD14+ macrophages, CD4+, CD8+ lymphocytes and mRNA of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was investigated in the endometrium of repeat breeders with subclinical endometritis [experimental group (EXP), n = 10] and healthy [control group (CTRL), n = 10] cows. The cows were selected on the basis of repeat breeding (3 unsuccessful inseminations), clinical and cytological examinations (> 10% polymorphonuclear neutrophils in uterine smears obtained by cytobrush). From all the cows endometrial biopsies were collected and the presence of CD14+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the endometrium was evaluated immunohistochemically using semi quantitative counting method. The mRNA expression of iNOS was determined using reverse transcription-PCR. In general, there were no significant differences between EXP and CTRL groups in the expression of CD4+ and CD8 + lymphocytes in all endometrial structures. In contrast, we observed a higher number of CD14+ macrophages in repeat breeding group compared to the control cows, however, this difference was slightly pronounced. CD14+ cells were detectable only in the stratum compactum and stratum spongiosum. The statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) higher expression of iNOS mRNA was measured in the cows with subclinical endometritis compared to the healthy animals. Our results suggest that the increased expression of CD14+ macrophages and iNOS mRNA may be associated with embryonal mortality in repeat breeding cows with subclinical endometritis.
Screening of Polish Holstein-Friesian bulls towards eradication of Complex Vertebral Malformation (CVM) carriers
Authors: Ruść A. , Hering D. , Puckowska P. , Barcewicz M. , Kamiński S. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The effectiveness of a program aimed at eradicating carriers of the recessive disorder Complex Vertebral Malformation (CVM) from the population of Holstein-Friesian bulls is reported. Among 1823 bulls, 1268 young and 555 proven bulls were examined. Three hundred and three bulls appeared to be CVM carriers (16.62%). The highest number of carriers occurred in the sons of a CVM sire, 55.51% and 61.90%, for proven and young bulls, respectively. This very high incidence of CVM carriers forced us to implement a strategy of screening young bulls offered by individual breeders to insemination centers. In effect, the number of CVM carriers dramatically dropped among proven bulls born in 2004 and disappeared in bulls born in 2006.
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE IN PROCESS CONTROL
Authors: Kopčeková Alena , Kopček Michal , Tanuška Pavol 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The Business Intelligence technology, which represents a strong tool not only for decision making support, but also has a big potential in other fields of application, is discussed in this paper. Necessary fundamental definitions are offered and explained to better understand the basic principles and the role of this technology for company management. Article is logically divided into five main parts. In the first part, there is the definition of the technology and the list of main advantages. In the second part, an overview of the system architecture with the brief description of separate building blocks is presented. Also, the hierarchical nature of the system architecture is shown. The technology life cycle consisting of four steps, which are mutually interconnected into a ring, is described in the third part. In the fourth part, analytical methods incorporated in the online analytical processing and data mining used within the business intelligence as well as the related data mining methodologies are summarised. Also, some typical applications of the above-mentioned particular methods are introduced. In the final part, a proposal of the knowledge discovery system for hierarchical process control is outlined. The focus of this paper is to provide a comprehensive view and to familiarize the reader with the Business Intelligence technology and its utilisation.
The Business Model for the Functional Rapid Manufacturing Supply Chain
Authors: Hasan Saad , Rennie Allan , Hasan Jamal 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The use of the Rapid Manufacturing (RM) technologies to manufacture end used product has become a more viable proposition these days than it was in the past. However, the characteristics of the technology allow for unconventional usage and subsequent supply chain support requirements. Therefore, it can be argued that the RM supply chain concepts have the potential room for further evolution. This research focuses on the possibility and structure of a business model tailored for the unconventional RM supply chain requirements. In this regard, the paper proposes the Virtual Trading System or VTS, which is an e-business platform that could potentially provide an alternative to the RM industry, in terms of supply chain functionality. The research outlines the structure of such a business model in detail, based on the requirements of the RM industry.
Third instar larva morphology of Hydrotaea cyrtoneurina (ZETTERSTEDT, 1845) (Diptera: Muscidae) – a species of forensic interest
Authors: Grzywacz Andrzej 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACTThe muscid Hydrotaea cyrtoneurina (ZETTERSTEDT, 1845) is a Palaearctic species whose adults are known for their forensic importance. The third instar larva morphology of H. cyrtoneurina, hitherto unknown, is described herein with the application of light and scanning electron microscopy. The characters of larval morphology enabling this species to be distinguished from other forensically important third instar larvae of Muscidae are discussed as well. Some details of the cephaloskeleton are discussed, and modifications in terminology are proposed based on the literature data and the results of this study.
New fossil Tipulidae from the volcano-sedimentary Latest Oligocene of Bes-Konak (Turkey)
Authors: Kania Iwona , Nel André 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
Three new species of Tipula from the Latest Oligocene of Bes-Konak (Turkey) are described, viz. Tipula (Platytipula) anatolica sp. n., Tipula (Tipula) oligocenica sp. n. and Tipula (Trichotipula) paicheleri sp. n. A morphological comparison with their closest recent and fossil relatives is provided.
Contribution of electrical resistivity tomography applied to the slope deformation survey in Lidečko
Authors: Cervantes Bladimir , Poláček Aleš , Ryšávka Jaroslav 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
In the last years, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) has been increasingly used to solve various types of problems in engineering geological survey, geotechnical investigations, etc. It gradually replaces a traditional combination of methods of resistivity profiling (RP) and vertical electrical sounding (VES). This paper provides selected results obtained from the survey of a slope deformation in Lidečko. It brings also some new details about its construction and results of monitoring carried out in the year 2011. The largest landslide hazards result from its position over a water pipeline line, where there is a real risk of a massive landslide of the slope ending in the valley of the Senice River. It is an old landslide reactivated during the floods in the years 1997 and 2006.
Acidification process in the area of the abandoned Ľubietová - Podlipa CU-deposit, Slovakia
Authors: Dirner Vojtech , Krnáč Jozef , Čmielová Lenka , Lacková Eva , Andráš Peter 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
Acidity in surroundings of the abandoned Ľubietová-Podlipa Cu-deposit depends predominantly on the geochemical behaviour (weathering) of particular minerals (mainly pyrite). The article presents the results of measurements of basic physicochemical parameters - pH and Eh in technogenic sediments and in surface and drainage water of a dump-field. Although the dump material shows a significant amount of mobility-able metals and thus also a potential to form acidity, a massive AMD formation in future is not probable.
„ZŁE DOBRE JEST, A DOBRE – ZŁE”. KONSEKWENCJE INTERPRETACYJNE PRZEKŁADU KLUCZOWEGO CYTATU Z MAKBETA / “FAIR IS FOUL, AND FOUL IS FAIR”: DIFFERENT TRANSLATIONS OF THE KEYNOTE QUOTATION FROM MACBETH INTO POLISH AND THE CONSEQUENCES IN INTERPRETATION
Authors: Mroczkowska-Brand Katarzyna 
Published: January 2014

Summary
A comparative study of two translations of Shakespeare’s Macbeth into Polish, centering on the crucial phrase ‘fair is foul and foul is fair’, leads to a discussion of genre. Arguments for and against reading Macbeth as a tragedy, as a profound Morality Play, or as a drama suggesting relativity within the system of values, are presented.
POEZJA OKSYMORONU. O METAFORYCE W WIERSZACH KRASIŃSKIEGO / THE POETRY OF THE OXYMORON: ZYGMUNT KRASIŃSKI’S VERSE
Authors: Niewczas Łukasz 
Published: January 2014

Summary
This re-reading of Zygmunt Krasiński’s lyrical verse rejects (at least to some extent) the generally held view of his poetry as some kind of literary fossils. To demonstrate its genuine complexity the author of this article focuses on Krasiński’s use of the oxymoron, an aspect of his poetic art that has been neglected by the critics. The oxymoron, which seems to be his favourite metaphoric device, is analysed here on the level of poetic ontology, poetic semantics, and metaphoric imagery. In each of those spheres oxymorons play a dominant role: Krasiński uses them to construct his poetic world, to complicate and problematize his meanings, and to create a highly dramatic imagery. Finally, it is argued that the shift in Krasiński’s use of the oxymoron from a sign of cleavage to that of a balanced whole corresponds to a similar evolution in his ontological views.
Attitudes and practices of infection control among senior dental students at college of dentistry, university of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Rahman Betul , Abraham Sheela Balu , Alsalami Amna Mohammed , Alkhaja Fatima Eisa , Najem Shaikha Ibrahim 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate compliance, awareness and practices of infection control procedures among senior dental students at the College of Dentistry, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Materials and Methods: The study comprised of 119 subjects of 4 th and 5 th year dental students. A questionnaire was developed with 25 open and closed-ended questions related to barrier techniques, vaccination status, infection control practices and awareness. This was distributed among the senior dental students and completed upon signing the consent form. Each questionnaire was coded to ensure the confidentiality of responses. Results: The questionnaire was distributed among 223 senior dental students at the University of Sharjah of which only 119 students (53%) responded. Compliance with the use of protective barriers was high with the exception of protective eye wear, utilized by a mere 27% of students. There was a significant difference between 4 th and 5 th year dental students′ attitudes (p < 0.05) regarding the treatment of patients with infectious diseases. Compared with 44.4% of the 5 th year students, 68.5% of the 4 th year students did not mind treating patients with infectious diseases. Owing to this, 61.9% of the 5 th year students suffered from non-sterile percutaneous and mucous membrane exposures compared with 44.6% of the 4 th year students (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Efforts are needed to improve attitudes, implement information and motivate students in the correct and routine use of infection control measures. With all infection control protocols already implemented in dental schools, the challenge remains on improving compliance with infection control recommendations.
Biocompatibility of glass ionomer cements with and without chlorhexidine
Authors: Iz Sultan Gulce , Ertugrul Fahinur , Eden Ece , Gurhan S. Ismet Deliloglu 
Published: January 2014

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the biocompatibility of glass ionomer cements (GICs) with and without chlorhexidine (CHX) as well as coated with varnish or not using in vitro cytotoxicity test. Materials and Methods: Biocompatibility of Fuji IX, Fuji IX with varnish, Fuji IX with 1% CHX diacetate and Fuji IX with 1% CHX diacetate with varnish was determined with in vitro cytotoxicity assay by using L929 mouse connective tissue fibroblasts. After 72 h, cell viabilities were evaluated by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay to determine the effects of the cements on the mitochondrial function and microscopic images were taken by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni post-hoc test at a significance level of P < 0.05. 72 h after treatment, there were statistically significant differences between Fuji IX and Fuji IX-CHX (p < 0.001). In addition, the reduction of the cytotoxicity by coating the GICs with varnish was indicative and increased the cell viability ratio (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Fuji IX coated with varnish was found to be the most biocompatible one among others. Thus adding CHX significantly reduced the cell viability, it is assumed that, due to the leakage of CHX and the other components of the GICs to the cell culture medium, the cell viabilities were decreased, so it is highly recommended to use varnish not only to reduce the water loss from the GICs, but also to reduce the cytotoxicity of the GICs.