bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic implications of pathologically determined tumour volume in glottic carcinomas treated by transoral laser microsurgery
Authors: Wilkie M.D. , Lightbody K.A. , Pinto R. , Tandon S. , Jones T.M. , Lancaster J. 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesThe TNM classification system for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck neglects to incorporate volumetric analysis of the primary tumour. Tumour volume (TV) has been implicated prognostically in laryngeal SCC treated by primary radiotherapy (RT), but data for patients treated surgically are lacking. We evaluated such for glottic SCCs resected by transoral laser microsurgery (TLM).DesignRetrospective cohort study utilising TVs calculated as the product of tumour resection dimensions and time‐to‐event analyses using the Kaplan–Meier method. The prognostic ability of variables was estimated using log‐rank statistics, univariate Cox regression and receiver‐operating characteristics analysis where appropriate.SettingTertiary referral head and neck cancer centre.ParticipantsPatients undergoing primary TLM for glottic SCC with curative intent (2007–2011) with at least 12 months follow‐up data.Main outcome measuresPrognostic impact of TV on local control (LC), overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS).ResultsEligible patients (n = 129) had a median follow‐up of 40 months (range 14–79 months). Median TV for all cases was 300 mm3 (range 2–19800 mm3). Three‐year LC, OS and DSS were 92%, 92% and 98%, respectively. Tumour volume was not a significant predictor of any oncological outcome measure. Otherwise, a significant influence of pT stage on DSS was observed and of age on OS.ConclusionsIn contrast to laryngeal SCC treated by RT, TV does not appear to portend oncological outcome in glottic SCC managed specifically by TLM and consequently does not warrant incorporation into current prognostic models for such patients.
Decrease in the rate of sensitization and clinical allergy to natural rubber latex
Authors: Blaabjerg Michelle S. B. , Andersen Klaus E. , Bindslev‐Jensen Carsten , Mortz Charlotte G. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryBackgroundIn the 1980s, a striking increase in natural rubber latex (NRL) allergy was seen. Since then, many measures have been taken to prevent NRL allergy.ObjectivesTo investigate changes in the prevalence of NRL sensitization/clinical NRL allergy over time from 2002 to 2013.MethodsAll patients prick tested for NRL at the Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital were included in this study (n = 8580). In NRL‐sensitized patients, the clinical relevance was evaluated for NRL. Furthermore, concomitant positive prick test results for birch pollen were recorded, together with food‐related symptoms and sensitization in a subgroup of patients.ResultsThe prevalence of NRL sensitization declined from 6.1% in 2002–2005 to 1.9% in 2006–2009, and then to 1.2% in 2010–2013 (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of clinical NRL allergy declined from 1.3% in 2002–2005 to 0.5–0.6% in 2006–2013 (p < 0.004). Among the NRL‐sensitized patients, 64% had a concomitant positive prick test reaction to birch pollen, and 52% had a history of reaction to oral intake of related fruits or vegetables.ConclusionOur study showed a statistically significant decline in the number of patients sensitized/clinically allergic to NRL. Many of the NRL‐sensitized patients without clinical allergy to NRL had concomitant birch pollen sensitization, and reported food‐related symptoms.
Management of acute sigmoid volvulus: short‐ and long‐term results
Authors: Bruzzi M. , Lefèvre J. H. , Desaint B. , Nion‐Larmurier I. , Bennis M. , Chafai N. , Tiret E. , Parc Y. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractAimThe best form of prophylactic management of a decompressed sigmoid volvulus (SV) is controversial especially in the elderly. We have studied our experience with this condition to assess the short‐ and long‐term results of SV management.MethodAll patients treated for SV in our department between 2003 and 2013 were retrospectively included. Emergency decompression was attempted in all patients in whom there was no sign of peritonitis. Planned surgical resection was the procedure of choice in young patients. Percutaneous endoscopic colopexy (PEC) was used in high surgical risk patients.ResultsThere were 65 patients (45 males) of median age 71.5 (24–99) years. Non‐surgical reduction was performed in 62 with a success rate of 95% (59/62). Recurrence after initial decompression was 67% at a median follow‐up of 5 (1–14) years. A prophylactic surgical resection was performed with primary anastomosis in 33 patients. There were no deaths and the major morbidity rate was 6%. At a mean follow‐up of 62 months, only 1 (3%) patient had had a recurrence (at 130 months). PEC was performed in six patients of median age 90 (84–99) years and with a median American Society of Anesthesiologists score of 4. Complications included local site infection (n = 2), pain (n = 1) and abdominal wall bleeding (n = 1). After a median follow‐up of 2 (1–4) years, three patients died from medical causes and one recurrence occurred 13 months after removal of the PEC tube.ConclusionProphylactic treatment after initial decompression of SV results in a low rate of recurrence. Planned sigmoid resection is safe and effective. In frail elderly patients, PEC is satisfactory.
Biosimilars: Ein systematischer Review zu publizierten und laufenden klinischen Studien zu Antipsoriatika bei chronisch inflammatorischen Erkrankungen
Authors: Nast Alexander , Rosumeck Stefanie , Seidenschnur Karin 
Published: March 2015

ZusammenfassungGegenwärtig werden Biosimilars für die Behandlung von Psoriasis entwickelt. Hierbei stellt der Vergleich ihrer Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit eine Herausforderung dar. Für ihre Zulassung hält die Europäische Arzneimittel Agentur (EMA) indirekte Evidenz von anderen Erkrankungen (bspw. rheumatoide Arthritis) für ausreichend.Systematischer Review zu Biosimilars bei Psoriasis und anderen Indikationen, Review laufender Studien in klinischen Studienregistern.Systematische Recherche nach randomisierten kontrollierten Studien (RCT, englisch: randomized controlled trial) zu Biosimilars für Adalimumab, Etanercept, Infliximab und Ustekinumab im Vergleich zu ihren Referenzmedikamenten: (1) Publikationen in Medline, Medline In‐Process, Embase, Cochrane Library (Wirksamkeit, Sicherheit, Immunogenität) und (2) laufende Studien in klinischen Studienregistern.Es wurden keine Studien zu Biosimilars bei Psoriasis‐Patienten gefunden. Bezüglich des Infliximab‐Biosimilars existieren Daten für Patienten mit ankylosierender Spondylitis und rheumatoider Arthritis, die jedoch keine klinisch relevanten Unterschiede in puncto Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit aufzeigen. Aktuell sind zwei Studien zu einem Adalimumab‐Biosimilar sowie zu einem Biosimilar für Etanercept bei Psoriasis‐Patienten registriert. Weitere, aktuell durchgeführte Studien zu Biosimilars für Adalimumab, Etanercept und Infliximab bei Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis konnten identifieziert werden.Derzeit gibt es nur begrenzt Daten von RCTs mit Biosimilars. Daher ist die Erhebung weiterer klinischer Daten sowie die Aufnahme von Patienten in Patientenregistern wichtig.
Local population structure of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus surveyed by an enlarged set of microsatellite markers
Authors: Haňáčková Z. , Koukol O. , Havrdová L. , Gross A. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryThe population structure of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, the causal agent of ash dieback, was assessed at four closely located sites in the Czech Republic. To analyse the genetic variation, one Swiss and one Norwegian population with known population structures were selected as reference points. The analysis was performed using 16 previously published and five newly developed microsatellite markers. The quality of the new markers was assessed by sequencing the flanking region, identifying the type of the mutation and analysing the inheritance and linkage between all pairs of loci. In addition, markers were tested on 45 Japanese strains to confirm their usability on native H. fraxineus populations in Asia. One of the new markers was monomorphic in all European populations and one marker exhibited a high percentage of null alleles in the Japanese samples. Twenty markers in the four Czech populations showed lower average gene diversity than in the other two European populations. One Czech population significantly differed from all the others, with a pairwise GST of approximately 0.2, the lowest allelic richness and very low average gene diversity, likely resulting from a founder effect. The amount of genetic differentiation between the four neighbouring Czech populations exceeds the expected value from previous Europe‐wide population studies and suggests that local population dynamics can affect the population structure of H. fraxineus.
Primary osteomyelofibrosis and an XX‐male genotype
Authors: Schanz Julie , Haase Detlef , Steuernagel Peter , Shirneshan Katayoo , Bäsecke Jörg 
Published: March 2015

AbstractA 62‐yr‐old man with two healthy daughters was diagnosed with osteomyelofibrosis. To our surprise, a female XX‐karyotype was observed in bone marrow and confirmed in PHA‐stimulated T‐lymphocytes from peripheral blood. Further molecular genetic investigation revealed a submicroscopic translocation between the short arm of X and Y, which leads to an XX‐male genotype based on an unbalanced translocation X;Y. This rare coincidence was further accentuated as the USP9Y gene, suspected to be to be involved in sperm cell production, was absent, but no azoospermia was present. In general, routine cytogenetics may result in findings that need to be further delineated and, as here, lead to a rare observation.
Migraine and risk of ischaemic heart disease: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Sacco S. , Ornello R. , Ripa P. , Tiseo C. , Degan D. , Pistoia F. , Carolei A. 
Published: March 2015

Background and purposeSeveral studies have assessed the risk of ischaemic heart diseases in migraineurs, drawing different conclusions. To define and update the issue, a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the available observational studies was performed.MethodsPubMed and EMBASE were systematically searched up to April 2014 for observational studies dealing with the risk of any form of ischaemic heart disease in migraineurs. Studies assessing migraine as exposure and several types of ischaemic heart disease as outcomes were included in the analysis. A random effects model was used to pool the effect sizes.ResultsOut of 3348 records, 15 studies (one case−control, one cross‐sectional and 13 cohort studies) were identified and were included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled analysis indicated an increased risk of myocardial infarction (pooled adjusted effect estimate 1.33, 95% confidence interval 1.08–1.64; P = 0.007) and of angina (pooled adjusted effect estimate 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.17–1.43; P < 0.0001) in migraineurs compared to non‐migraineurs.ConclusionsBased on our data indicating an association of migraine with myocardial infarction and angina and on previous data showing an association of migraine, and particularly migraine with aura, with an increased risk for stroke, migraine can be appropriately considered an overall risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
Head and pelvic movement asymmetry during lungeing in horses with symmetrical movement on the straight
Authors: Rhodin M. , Roepstorff L. , French A. , Keegan K. G. , Pfau T. , Egenvall A. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryReasons for performing studyLungeing is commonly used as part of standard lameness examinations in horses. Knowledge of how lungeing influences motion symmetry in sound horses is needed.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to objectively evaluate the symmetry of vertical head and pelvic motion during lungeing in a large number of horses with symmetric motion during straight line evaluation.Study designCross‐sectional prospective study.MethodsA pool of 201 riding horses, all functioning well and considered sound by their owners, were evaluated in trot on a straight line and during lungeing to the left and right. From this pool, horses with symmetric vertical head and pelvic movement during the straight line trot (n = 94) were retained for analysis. Vertical head and pelvic movements were measured with body mounted uniaxial accelerometers. Differences between vertical maximum and minimum head (HDmax,HDmin) and pelvic (PDmax,PDmin) heights between left and right forelimb and hindlimb stances were compared between straight line trot and lungeing in either direction.ResultsVertical head and pelvic movements during lungeing were more asymmetric than during trot on a straight line. Common asymmetric patterns seen in the head were more upward movement during push‐off of the outside forelimb and less downward movement during impact of the inside limb. Common asymmetric patterns seen in the pelvis were less upward movement during push‐off of the outside hindlimb and less downward movement of the pelvis during impact of the inside hindlimb. Asymmetric patterns in one lunge direction were frequently not the same as in the opposite direction.ConclusionsLungeing induces systematic asymmetries in vertical head and pelvic motion patterns in horses that may not be the same in both directions. These asymmetries may mask or mimic fore‐ or hindlimb lameness.
Two novel 5′ promoter sequences of the MHC class I‐related chain A gene
Authors: Laza‐Briviesca R. , Saudemont A. , Madrigal J. A. , Cox S. T. 
Published: March 2015

SummaryIn this study, we have characterized two novel polymorphism of the 5′ promoter sequence of MICA gene, MICA‐P13 and MICA‐P14, by sequence‐based typing and cloning.
The Impact of Social Capital on Men's Mental Health from the Perspective of Social Support Theory
Authors: Bae Jihey 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis study examines the effects of social capital as it affects men's mental health in the context of work–family balance. Multivariate analyses of data from National Family Research of Japan 2008 have revealed the following. First, the social capital that men receive from their spouses was found to have a direct effect on their distress. The effect of social capital from family other than a spouse does not have a direct effect on men's mental health. Second, only social capital from a spouse was observed to provide a buffering effect. This result implies that, in contemporary Japan, social capital derived from the spouse functions satisfactorily as a bulwark to mitigate the negative effects that the experience of role conflict between work and family has on men's mental health. Finally, the study examines the effect of social capital with reference to social support theory. Subsequent research might usefully focus on varieties of social capital other than those covered in the current study, which will leverage the unique potential of social capital by examining techniques and units of analysis.
Influence of Lipid Content and Blanching on Capelin (Mallotus villosus) Drying Rate and Lipid Oxidation under Low Temperature Drying
Authors: Cyprian Odoli , Van Nguyen Minh , Sveinsdottir Kolbrun , Jonsson Asbjorn , Thorkelsson Gudjon , Arason Sigurjon 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe drying characteristics and lipid oxidation in brined and blanched whole capelin were studied during controlled low temperature drying to establish the influence of lipid content and blanching. Drying characteristics (moisture content, drying rate and water activity) and lipid oxidation indicators (PV, TBARS and color) were determined. Drying was influenced by blanching as well as the lipid level. Moisture content at equilibrium for brined and blanched high lipid dried capelin was 20 and 13% (aw, 0.69 and 0.62), whereas counterpart low lipid groups had 19 and 11% (Aw, 0.67 and 0.59) accordingly after 184 h of drying. Changes in PV, TBARS and color were observed as drying progressed with brined capelin exhibiting more stability in the attributes than blanched capelin. Blanched and low lipid capelin dried faster; however, blanching resulted to increased yellowness color making it unpopular for capelin drying.Practical ApplicationsCapelin is one of the important pelagic fisheries in northern hemisphere with sustained catch stock; nonetheless, small quantities are used fresh, dried or salted for human food. In this paper, effects of lipid content and blanching on capelin drying characteristics and lipid oxidation are assessed. The study shows that lipid content affected drying characteristics as capelin with low lipid recorded reduced moisture at equilibrium. Blanching as practiced prior to drying of other small fish products in the intended markets for dried capelin affected capelin muscle water holding thereby enhancing drying but led to undesirable yellowness color and oxidation. It was recommended that dried brined capelin with low lipid content is tested for consumer acceptability prior to commercialization.
Regulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPAR) α and ‐γ of rat brain astrocytes in the course of activation by toll‐like receptor agonists
Authors: Chistyakov Dmitry V. , Aleshin Stepan E. , Astakhova Alina A. , Sergeeva Marina G. , Reiser Georg 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPeroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPAR)‐α and ‐γ in astrocytes play important roles in inflammatory brain pathologies. Understanding the regulation of both activity and expression levels of PPARs is an important neuroscience issue. Toll‐like receptor (TLR) agonists are inflammatory stimuli that could modulate PPAR, but the mechanisms of their control in astrocytes are poorly understood. In the present study, we report that lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, and flagellin, which are agonists of TLR4, TLR1/2, and TLR5, respectively, exert time‐ and nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells‐dependent suppression of mRNA, protein and activity of PPARα and PPARγ. In naïve astrocytes, PPARα and PPARγ mRNA have short turnover time (half‐life about 30 min for PPARα, 75 min for PPARγ) with a nearly two‐fold stabilization after TLR‐activation. p38 inhibition abolished TLR‐induced stabilization. The levels of PPARα and PPARγ mRNA, and protein and DNA‐binding activity could be modified using c‐Jun N‐terminal Kinase and p38 inhibitors. In addition, the expression levels of both PPARα and PPARγ isotypes were induced after inhibition of protein synthesis. This induction signifies participation of additional regulatory proteins with short life‐time. They are p38‐sensitive for PPARα and c‐Jun N‐terminal Kinase‐sensitive for PPARγ. Thus, PPARα and PPARγ are regulated in astrocytes on mRNA and protein levels, mRNA stability, and DNA‐binding activity during TLR‐mediated responses.image
Astrocytes have the triad of PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ in regulation of proinflammatory responses. Activation of Toll‐like receptors (TLR) leads to PPARβ/δ overexpression, PPARα and PPARγ suppression via TLR/NF‐κB pathway on mRNA, protein and activity levels. Mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK) p38 and JNK are involved in regulation of PPAR expression. p38 MAPK plays a special role in stabilization of PPAR mRNA.
Registered Nurses With Disabilities: Legal Rights and Responsibilities
Authors: Neal‐Boylan Leslie , Miller Michelle D. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this legal case review and analysis was to determine what kinds of cases involving nurses with disabilities are typically brought to attorneys, which cases tend to be successful, and how and when a nurse with a disability should pursue legal action.DesignThe review used the standard legal case analysis method to analyze legal cases that have been brought by registered nurses (RNs) with physical or sensory disabilities from 1995 to 2013. The cases span the period following the enactment of the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 through the ADA Amendments Act (ADAAA) of 2008.MethodsA nurse attorney reviewed the background material to find every case involving an RN with a disability, excluding those with mental health disabilities or substance abuse issues. Case analysis was conducted using standard legal case analysis procedures. Fifty‐six cases were analyzed.FindingsThe cases were categorized into five types of legal claims: (a) disability discrimination (84%); (b) failure to accommodate (46%); (c) retaliation (12.5%); (d) association (3.6%); and (e) hostile work environment (7%). The cases were largely unsuccessful, particularly those brought under the ADA instead of the ADAAA.ConclusionsThe case analysis revealed that several cases brought by RNs with disabilities using the ADA might have been successful under the ADAAA. In addition, the case analysis has provided vital information for administrators, leaders, and clinical nurses regarding when a case is appropriate for legal action. These findings from this review will help nurses recognize when they are being treated in a discriminatory way in the workplace, what their legal rights and responsibilities are, and at what point they should pursue legal action.Clinical RelevanceThis review has relevance to all RNs working in clinical and academic settings who may have a congenital or acquired physical or sensory disability.
Attitudes towards rotating shift work in clinical nurses: a Q‐methodology study
Authors: Ha Eun‐Ho 
Published: March 2015

Aims and objectivesTo identify clinical nurses’ attitudes towards rotating shift work.BackgroundMany hospitals worldwide employ rotating shift work patterns to staff their facilities. Attitudes of clinical nurses towards rotating shift work vary.DesignTo understand clinical nurses’ attitudes towards rotating shift work, Q‐methodology, a method for the analysis of subjective viewpoints with the strengths of both qualitative and quantitative methods, was used.MethodsForty‐six selected Q‐statements from each of the 39 participants were classified into a normal distribution using an 11‐point bipolar scale. The collected data were analysed using pc‐QUANL program.ResultsThree discrete factors emerged as follows: factor I (rotating shift work is frustrating: objectionable perspective), factor II (rotating shift work is satisfactory: constructive perspective) and factor III (rotating shift work is problematic, but necessary: ambivalent perspective).ConclusionsThe subjective viewpoints of the three identified factors can be applied in developing various roster designs for nurses engaging in rotating shift work.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings provide the baseline for nurse leaders in helping nurses adjust and deal with rotating shift work.