bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voltage and Power-Controlled Regimes in the Progressive Unipolar RESET Transition of HfO2-Based RRAM
Authors: Long Shibing , Perniola Luca , Cagli Carlo , Buckley Julien , Lian Xiaojuan , Miranda Enrique , Pan Feng , Liu Ming , Suñé Jordi 
Published: October 2013

AbstractResistive switching (RS) based on the formation and rupture of conductive filament (CF) is promising in novel memory and logic device applications. Understanding the physics of RS and the nature of CF is of utmost importance to control the performance, variability and reliability of resistive switching memory (RRAM). Here, the RESET switching of HfO2-based RRAM was statistically investigated in terms of the CF conductance evolution. The RESET usually combines an abrupt conductance drop with a progressive phase ending with the complete CF rupture. RESET1 and RESET2 events, corresponding to the initial and final phase of RESET, are found to be controlled by the voltage and power in the CF, respectively. A Monte Carlo simulator based on the thermal dissolution model of unipolar RESET reproduces all of the experimental observations. The results contribute to an improved physics-based understanding on the switching mechanisms and provide additional support to the thermal dissolution model.
Immune mechanisms in hypertension and vascular injury
Authors: Schiffrin Ernesto L. 
Published: October 2013

Over the last 20 years it has become recognized that low-grade inflammation plays a role in cardiovascular disease. More recently, participation of the innate and the adaptive immune response in mechanisms that contribute to inflammation in cardiovascular disease has been reported in atherosclerosis and hypertension. Different subsets of lymphocytes and their cytokines are involved in vascular remodelling in hypertension, chronic kidney disease and heart disease. Effector T-cells include Th1 (interferon-γ-producing) and Th2 (interleukin-4 producing) lymphocytes, as well as Th17 (which produce interleukin-17) and T-suppressor lymphocytes such as Treg-cells (regulatory T-cells), which express the transcription factor Foxp3 (forkhead box P3) and participate respectively as pro- and anti-inflammatory cells. Pro-inflammatory T-lymphocytes participate in mechanisms of cardiovascular disease in part by mediating the effects of angiotensin II and mineralocorticoids. Involvement of immune mechanisms in cardiac, vascular and renal changes in hypertension has been demonstrated in many experimental models, an example being the Dahl-salt sensitive rat and the spontaneously hypertensive rat. How activation of immunity is triggered remains unknown, but neo-antigens could be generated by elevated blood pressure through damage-associated molecular pattern receptors or other mechanisms. Once activated, Th1 cells may contribute to blood pressure elevation by affecting the kidney, vascular remodelling of blood vessels directly via the effects of the cytokines produced or through their effects on perivascular fat. Treg-cells protect from blood pressure elevation by acting upon similar targets. Recent data suggests that participation of these mechanisms that have been demonstrated already in murine models also occurs in humans. These novel findings may open the way for new therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes in hypertension and cardiovascular disease in humans.
Failure of the Laryngeal Mask Airway Unique™ and Classic™ in the Pediatric Surgical Patient
Authors: Mathis Michael R. , Haydar Bishr , Taylor Emma L. , Morris Michelle , Malviya Shobha V. , Christensen Robert E. , Ramachandran Satya-Krishna , Kheterpal Sachin 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background:
Although predictors of laryngeal mask airway failure in adults have been elucidated, there remains a paucity of data regarding laryngeal mask airway failure in children.

Methods:
The authors performed a retrospective database review of all pediatric patients who received a laryngeal mask anesthetic at their institution from 2006 to 2010. Device brands were restricted to LMA Unique™ (Cardinal Health, Dublin, OH) and LMA Classic™ (LMA North America, San Diego, CA), and primary outcome was laryngeal mask failure, defined as any airway event requiring device removal and tracheal intubation. Potential risk factors were analyzed with both univariate and multivariate techniques and included medical history, physical examination, surgical, and anesthetic characteristics.

Results:
Of the 11,910 anesthesia cases performed in the study, 102 cases (0.86%) experienced laryngeal mask failure. Common presenting features of laryngeal mask failures included leak (25%), obstruction (48%), and patient intolerance such as intractable coughing/bucking (11%). Failures occurred before incision in 57% of cases and after incision in 43%. Independent clinical associations included ear/nose/throat surgical procedure, nonoutpatient admission status, prolonged surgical duration, congenital/acquired airway abnormality, and patient transport.

Conclusions:
The findings of the study support the use of the LMA Unique™ and LMA Classic™ as reliable pediatric supraglottic airway devices, demonstrating relatively low failure rates. Predictors of laryngeal mask airway failure in the pediatric surgical population do not overlap with those in the adult population and should therefore be independently considered.
Perioperative Organ Injury
Authors: Bartels Karsten , Karhausen Jörn , Clambey Eric T. , Grenz Almut , Eltzschig Holger K. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Despite the fact that a surgical procedure may have been performed for the appropriate indication and in a technically perfect manner, patients are threatened by perioperative organ injury. For example, stroke, myocardial infarction, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute kidney injury, or acute gut injury are among the most common causes for morbidity and mortality in surgical patients. In the current review, the authors discuss the pathogenesis of perioperative organ injury, and provide select examples for novel treatment concepts that have emerged over the past decade. Indeed, the authors are of the opinion that research to provide mechanistic insight into acute organ injury and identification of novel therapeutic approaches for the prevention or treatment of perioperative organ injury represent the most important opportunity to improve outcomes of anesthesia and surgery.
Immobilization with Atrophy Induces De Novo Expression of Neuronal Nicotinic α7 Acetylcholine Receptors in Muscle Contributing to Neurotransmission
Authors: Lee Sangseok , Yang Hong-seuk , Sasakawa Tomoki , Khan Mohammed A. S. , Khatri Ashok , Kaneki Masao , Martyn J. A. Jeevendra 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background:
Mature acetylcholine receptor (AChR) isoform normally mediates muscle contraction. The hypothesis that α7AChRs up-regulate during immobilization and contribute to neurotransmission was tested pharmacologically using specific blockers to mature (waglerin-1), immature (αA-OIVA), and α7AChRs (methyllycaconitine), and nonspecific muscle AChR antagonist, α-bungarotoxin.

Methods:
Mice were immobilized; contralateral limbs were controls. Fourteen days later, anesthetized mice were mechanically ventilated. Nerve-stimulated tibialis muscle contractions on both sides were recorded, and blockers enumerated above sequentially administered via jugular vein. Data are mean ± standard error.

Results:
Immobilization (N = 7) induced tibialis muscle atrophy (40.6 ± 2.8 vs. 52.1 ± 2.0 mg; P < 0.01) and decrease of twitch tension (34.8 ± 1.1 vs. 42.9 ± 1.5 g; P < 0.01). Waglerin-1 (0.3 ± 0.05 μg/g) significantly (P = 0.001; N = 9) depressed twitch tension on contralateral (≥97%) versus immobilized side (approximately 45%). Additional waglerin-1 (total dose 1.06 ± 0.12 μg/g or approximately 15.0 × ED50 in normals) could not depress twitch of 80% or greater on immobilized side. Immature AChR blocker, αA-OIVA (17.0 ± 0.25 μg/g) did not change tension bilaterally. Administration of α-bungarotoxin (N = 4) or methyllycaconitine (N = 3) caused 96% or greater suppression of the remaining twitch tension on immobilized side. Methyllycaconitine, administered first (N = 3), caused equipotent inhibition by waglerin-1 on both sides. Protein expression of α7AChRs was significantly (N = 3; P < 0.01) increased on the immobilized side.

Conclusions:
Ineffectiveness of waglerin-1 suggests that the twitch tension during immobilization is maintained by receptors other than mature AChRs. Because αA-OIVA caused no neuromuscular changes, it can be concluded that immature AChRs contribute minimally to neurotransmission. During immobilization approximately 20% of twitch tension is maintained by up-regulation of α-bungarotoxin- and methyllycaconitine-sensitive α7AChRs.
Therapeutic Benefit of the Anesthesiologist–Patient Relationship
Authors: Egbert Lawrence D. , Jackson Stephen H. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The Value of the Preoperative Visit by an Anesthetist: A Study of Doctor-Patient Rapport. By Egbert LD, Battit GE, Turndorf H, and Beecher HK. JAMA 1963; 119:1465-8. Reprinted with permission. Copyright © 1963 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
The psychologic effect of the preoperative visit by an anesthetist has been compared with the effect of pentobarbital for preanesthetic medication. Patients receiving pentobarbital 1 hour before an operation became drowsy but it could not be shown that they became calm. Patients who had received a visit by an anesthetist before operation (informing them about the events which were to occur on the day of operation and about the anesthetic to be administered) were not drowsy but were more likely to be calm on the day of operation. The importance of the preoperative visit probably explains, in part, the difficulties previous investigators have had in showing sedative effects from the barbiturates and narcotics before operation. The tremendous emotional significance to a patient of illness or an operation may explain why physicians are able to exert such influence upon their patients.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Utility of Double‐Balloon Enteroscopy in Children
Authors: Urs Arun N. , Martinelli Massimo , Rao Prithviraj , Thomson Mike A. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:Diagnostic and therapeutic benefits of double‐balloon enteroscopy (DBE) have been documented in adults, with few data available on pediatric patients. We evaluated the diagnostic and therapeutic utility of DBE in children.Methods:A prospective assessment of 113 DBE procedures in 58 consecutive children younger than 18 years (36 boys, 22 girls; median age 12.7 years, range 1–18 years) was performed for a variety of suspected small bowel (SB) disorders from January 2008 to August 2012 in a tertiary referral center for pediatric patients. All of the children had undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and ileocolonoscopy. A total of 19 patients had undergone radiological investigations for SB (n = 11 magnetic resonance imaging; n = 5 barium enterography; n = 3 computed tomography) and 54 patients had undergone wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE).Results:The overall median (range) examination time was 92.5 (45–275) minutes. The median (range) estimated insertion length of SB distal to pylorus was 230 (80–450) cm and proximal to ileocecal valve was 80 (5–275) cm. The common indications for DBE were polyposis syndromes (n = 21) and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 16). The findings included polyps (n = 19), mucosal ulcers and erosions (n = 8), submucosal elevations with white nodules (n = 4), and angioma/angiodysplasia (n = 2). The overall diagnostic yield for SB lesions using DBE was 70.7% (41/58) and for WCE was 77.7% (42/54). Endotherapeutic intervention was successfully used in 46.5% (n = 27/58). The endoscopic, medical, and surgical contributions to change in management by DBE were 72.4% (n = 42/58). Three complications (5.2%) were noted with uneventful recovery.Conclusions:The diagnostic yield of DBE was comparable to WCE, but with the addition of therapeutic possibility and histological yield. We believe this technique could be a valuable addition to existing endoscopic techniques, complementary to WCE, and may be considered as an alternative diagnostic and therapeutic option in the SB in children.
Increasing the rigor of grounded theory research – a review of the SCM literature
Authors: Denk Nikola , Kaufmann Lutz , Carter Craig R. 
Published: October 2013

PurposeThis study aims to examine the quality of the extant supply chain management (SCM) research which has utilized a grounded theory (GT) approach. The purpose of this research is to better understand the current state of the field, by introducing and highlighting the distinctions between the Glaserian and Straussian schools of thought and examining the extent to which existing SCM research has either complied with or diverged from the six dimensions which distinguish the two schools of thought. By doing so, it aims to provide guidelines to both reviewers and researchers who might use GT in future studies, with the goal of improving the validity and rigor of GT research.Design/methodology/approachThe method underlying this paper followed the steps of a systematic literature review process. GT works within leading SCM journals were examined to determine the extent to which they complied with the methodological tenets of GT.FindingsThe systematic literature review shows that, while the use of GT in the field of SCM appears to be increasing over time, over half of the investigated studies deviate from the chosen school of thought by not adhering to the six dimensions distinct to Glaser's or Strauss's approach to GT.Research limitations/implicationsThis study calls for researchers to revisit the methodological roots of GT in order to improve the validity of such studies and ultimately the acceptance of the GT methodology by the broader community of SCM researchers. Transparency must be increased with regard to the chosen school of thought and the research process itself. GT is an appropriate methodology for investigating behavioral and social aspects of organizations and inter‐organizational relationships, and thus should be utilized more frequently in future SCM research.Originality/valueThe paper aids researchers in understanding the methodological tenets of grounded theory and the divergence of schools of thought within this methodology.
Towards a methodology for studying supply chain practice
Authors: Borgström Benedikte 
Published: October 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse a methodology for studying the practice of logistics and supply chain management (SCM), namely the mystery methodology.Design/methodology/approachMany SCM and logistics researchers share methodological presuppositions concerning the “reality status” that are usually unspoken and deviating from presuppositions of the methodology here investigated. By proposing an alternative methodology, the paper stimulates further ideas that will advance the discussion of research methodologies in SCM.FindingsThe methodology facilitates exploration and elaboration of anomalies in theory and in practice. The mystery construction process facilitates SCM research in three ways: as a consistent methodology for practice research; for learning and responsiveness to new insights; and with the problem of bounding the case.Research limitations/implicationsThe methodology is delimited by its constructivist/interpretivist assumptions in order to provide accurate representations. It makes possible richer insights into, and the meaning of, SCM phenomena in which social action can be understood in an intelligible way.Practical implicationsConstruction of mysteries opens up for learning during the research process by refining the research question and the literature base. Under the assumption that the researcher is knowledgeable about the literature in a variety of areas, the methodology implies rigour and relevance in SCM research.Originality/valueThis paper is grounded in contemporary supply chain integration problems and develops the discipline further with its alternative approach in which practice of action is in focus.
Dataspace and its application in digital libraries
Authors: Borjigin Chaolemen , Zhang Yong , Xing Chunxiao , Lan Chao , Zhang Jian 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– This paper aims to introduce dataspace into digital libraries in order to address its emerging data management challenges which stem from cross-domain, heterogeneous, and uncertain nature of data resources, based on looking into the fundamental principles, significant features, and research directions of dataspace.

Design/methodology/approach
– This research mainly employs three types of research methodologies: a literature study was conducted for revealing the fundamental principles, analyzing the significant features, and discussing the new research topics; knowledge engineering methodology is used to design the data model; software engineering methodology is applied to develop the reference framework and the digital library.

Findings
– This paper for the first time proposes a motion to build a Dataspace Support Digital Library (DSDL), and provides its data model, data management policies and a reference framework. Further, its implementation is described and some implications learned from the case study are also discussed.

Practical implications
– Introducing dataspace technologies into developing a digital library frees the developer to just focus on solving business challenges, rather than addressing non-business related, data management level tasks. In addition, the data model and the reference framework presented in this paper lay foundations for constructing Dataspace Support Digital Libraries.

Originality/value
– This is the first paper to introduce dataspaces into the design of digital libraries and is also the first paper to propose a novel data model, data management and reference framework for Dataspace Support Digital Libraries.
Belfast's iron(ic) curtain
Authors: McCord John , J. McCord Michael , McCluskey William , Davis Peadar , McIhatton David , Haran Martin 
Published: October 2013

Purpose
– Belfast's “peace walls” exist to physically segregate and provide a measure of security to the communities on the religious divide in Northern Ireland. Whilst they do ostensibly achieve this aim, it may well be that these structures have the capacity to prevent the restoration of normal community interactions and market processes and may also be providing their benefits at a high price with regard to issues such as house price reduction. Indeed, the effect of these structures on surrounding residential property values remains somewhat of an unknown quantity. This paper therefore measures the effect of proximity to locations with social and political conflicts. The paper aims to quantify and measure the disamenity implications and costs of artificial barriers (peace walls) within the Belfast housing market.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper attempts to measure the disamenity effect of peace walls on house prices, primarily focusing on the effect of distance, calculated using a hedonic pricing specification and spatially referenced data. The data are derived from 3,836 house sales transactions over a one year period in 2011.

Findings
– The emerging findings demonstrate that a greater negative pricing effect is evident with proximity to the peace walls, with the exception of the apartment sector. The findings also highlight the complex market pricing structure of Belfast and offer insight as how to best classify submarkets.

Practical implications
– The results of the research are of particular interest to property valuers and social policy makers in regions with contested space.

Originality/value
– Tactile barriers scar the urban terrain, formalise ethno-segregation across Belfast and have implications for spatial planning in the urban environment and housing studies and policy. Such an externality may have a pervasive and endogenous effect on house prices and the identification of submarkets yet there is implicit acceptance of peace lines as de facto standard and a dearth of empirical evidence relating to direction and magnitude of the location-specific effects of peace walls on house prices in Belfast. This paper is arguably the first to empirically examine the location-specific effects of peace walls on property value across the Belfast area.
Invasive plants escape from suppressive soil biota at regional scales
Authors: Maron John L. , Klironomos John , Waller Lauren , Callaway Ragan M. 
Published: October 2013

Summary
A prominent hypothesis for plant invasions is escape from the inhibitory effects of soil biota. Although the strength of these inhibitory effects, measured as soil feedbacks, has been assessed between natives and exotics in non‐native ranges, few studies have compared the strength of plant–soil feedbacks for exotic species in soils from non‐native versus native ranges.
We examined whether 6 perennial European forb species that are widespread invaders in North American grasslands (Centaurea stoebe, Euphorbia esula, Hypericum perforatum, Linaria vulgaris, Potentilla recta and Leucanthemum vulgare) experienced different suppressive effects of soil biota collected from 21 sites across both ranges.
Four of the six species tested exhibited substantially reduced shoot biomass in ‘live’ versus sterile soil from Europe. In contrast, North American soils produced no significant feedbacks on any of the invasive species tested indicating a broad scale escape from the inhibitory effects of soil biota.
Negative feedbacks generated by European soil varied idiosyncratically among sites and species. Since this variation did not correspond with the presence of the target species at field sites, it suggests that negative feedbacks can be generated from soil biota that are widely distributed in native ranges in the absence of density‐dependent effects.
Synthesis. Our results show that for some invasives, native soils have strong suppressive potential, whereas this is not the case in soils from across the introduced range. Differences in regional‐scale evolutionary history among plants and soil biota could ultimately help explain why some exotics are able to occur at higher abundance in the introduced versus native range.
The use of fiducial markers in image‐guided radiotherapy for gastric cancer
Authors: Sia Joseph , Glance Simon , Chandran Sujievvan , Vaughan Rhys , Hamilton Chris 
Published: October 2013

SummaryThe use of fiducial markers (FM) in image‐guided radiotherapy (IGRT) to increase treatment precision is emerging for upper gastrointestinal malignancies. To our knowledge there is no data beyond technical reports for the use of FMs in IGRT for gastric cancers in the current literature. We report a case of an 89‐year old gentleman with localised gastric cancer who was deemed unfit for surgery and chemotherapy. He had FMs inserted endoscopically around the tumour via ultrasound guidance and received radiotherapy with a high‐dose palliative intent via a two‐phase technique to 54 Gy in 30 fractions with IGRT. The use of FMs allowed confidence in tumour delineation and together with IGRT enabled precise and safe delivery of a higher dose. The patient tolerated the treatment without significant toxicity and had no evidence of residual or recurrent tumour 12 months following radiotherapy. The use of FMs with IGRT in upper gastrointestinal malignancies warrants further collaborative studies.