bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historical maps improve the identification of forests with potentially high conservation value
Authors: Grabska‐Szwagrzyk Ewa , Jakiel Michał , Keeton William , Kozak Jacek , Kuemmerle Tobias , Onoszko Kamil , Ostafin Krzysztof , Shahbandeh Mahsa , Szubert Piotr , Szwagierczak Anna , Szwagrzyk Jerzy , Ziółkowska Elżbieta , Kaim Dominik 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe EU Biodiversity Strategy 2030 aims to better protect natural ecosystems with high biodiversity and climate change mitigation potential. To achieve this goal, it is crucial to identify forests worth protecting, such as those characterized by long continuity and old age. Here, we propose a robust approach that combines historical maps from the mid‐19th century with remote sensing data to identify areas that have been forested for over 150 years, aiming to reduce the need for detailed and time‐consuming field investigations in potential conservation areas. We tested this approach in a 20,000 km2 region in the Polish Carpathians, an area likely containing many unprotected forests of high conservation value, where historical maps from the mid‐19th century are representative of much of Central Europe. Our results showed that an area of approximately 4200 km2 has been continuously forested since at least the mid‐19th century. Currently, 50% of these forests are outside protected areas, representing an important conservation opportunity. More generally, our approach can support the identification of valuable forests worth protecting before they are lost and provide useful insights for policymakers and stakeholders in the ongoing debate on the challenges of improving forest conservation in the Carpathians, and Europe more widely.
A regulatory loop of JAK/STAT signalling and its downstream targets represses cell fate conversion and maintains male germline stem cell niche homeostasis
Authors: Kong Ruiyan , Zhao Hang , Li Juan , Ma Yankun , Li Ningfang , Shi Lin , Li Zhouhua 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA specialised microenvironment, termed niche, provides extrinsic signals for the maintenance of residential stem cells. However, how residential stem cells maintain niche homeostasis and whether stromal niche cells could convert their fate into stem cells to replenish lost stem cells upon systemic stem cell loss remain largely unknown. Here, through systemic identification of JAK/STAT downstream targets in adult Drosophila testis, we show that Escargot (Esg), a member of the Snail family of transcriptional factors, is a putative JAK/STAT downstream target. esg is intrinsically required in cyst stem cells (CySCs) but not in germline stem cells (GSCs). esg depletion in CySCs results in CySC loss due to differentiation and non‐cell autonomous GSC loss. Interestingly, hub cells are gradually lost by delaminating from the hub and converting into CySCs in esg‐defective testes. Mechanistically, esg directly represses the expression of socs36E, the well‐known downstream target and negative regulator of JAK/STAT signalling. Finally, further depletion of socs36E completely rescues the defects observed in esg‐defective testes. Collectively, JAK/STAT target Esg suppresses SOCS36E to maintain CySC fate and repress niche cell conversion. Thus, our work uncovers a regulatory loop between JAK/STAT signalling and its downstream targets in controlling testicular niche homeostasis under physiological conditions.
Food insecurity and diabetes management among adults of African descent: A systematic review
Authors: Magny‐Normilus Cherlie , Luppino Francesca , Lyons Karen , Luu Jason , Taylor Jacquelyn Y. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsThis systematic review explores the established causal link between food insecurity and cardiometabolic conditions among adults of African descent. Specifically, this study examined the relationship between food insecurity and the management of type 2 diabetes, highlighting the prevalence of food insecurity among individuals of African descent with type 2 diabetes.MethodsOriginal English papers were meticulously searched in databases including PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Medline, Cochrane, Embase and Web of Science. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for quantitative studies and COReQ for qualitative studies were employed to assess biases. Three independent reviewers meticulously evaluated and synthesized results, reaching a consensus.ResultsAmong the 198 studies identified, 14 met the inclusion criteria for data extraction and analysis, which were conducted independently by three reviewers. The findings indicate that individuals of African descent are more likely to experience food insecurity compared to their White counterparts and are also more prone to diabetes risk factors or the presence of diabetes.ConclusionsThis study underscores a higher prevalence of food insecurity and type 2 diabetes among adults of African descent, suggesting that ethnicity and food insecurity play significant roles in diabetes management. Future research should prioritize interventions aimed at reducing these disparities.
Evaluation of stress distributions in endodontically treated anterior incisors under occlusal and trauma‐induced forces following various restoration treatments: A finite element analysis
Authors: Sultanoğlu Elifnur Güzelce , Eliaçık Bahar Başak Kızıltan , Eroğlu Büşra Keleş , Tez Banu Çiçek 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to calculate the stress distribution of fiberglass post associated with resin composite crown restoration and fiberglass posts with zirconia restorations in mature and immature endodontically treated central maxillary incisor under various loading conditions.Materials and MethodsThe study created six different study models in a virtual environment: healthy mature maxillary central teeth, intact immature maxillary central teeth, mature maxillary central teeth with fiberglass post associated with resin composite crown restoration, immature maxillary central teeth with fiberglass post associated with resin composite crown restoration, mature maxillary central teeth with fiberglass posts and zirconia restoration, and immature maxillary central teeth with fiberglass posts and zirconia restoration. Loading conditions simulating mastication, trauma, and bruxism were applied to each of the models at different angles and amounts. The von Mises and the maximum and minimum principal stress values in tooth structures (dentin) and support structures (bone, PDL) and materials were observed using finite element stress analysis.ResultsThe highest stress values in the tissue and the restoration structure were observed for masticating force and crowns rehabilitated with zirconia restorations. None of the compared loading conditions and restorations showed destructive stress values on periodontal ligament or bone.ConclusionThe mature and immature endodontically treated central maxillary incisors can be better rehabilitated using fiberglass post associated with resin composite crown restoration and may be preferred to zirconia restorations in order to reduce the stresses on the surrounding tissues and teeth. However, further clinical studies are needed to fully explore this topic.
Regenerative endodontic treatment and traumatic dental injuries
Authors: Kahler Bill , Lu Jing , Taha Nessrin A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPulp necrosis is the most common complication following dental trauma and is often associated with apical periodontitis. The management of these teeth is challenging in terms of large root canals, open apices, thin dentinal walls, and short roots. Over decades the conventional treatment for these teeth was calcium hydroxide apexification, a time‐consuming procedure despite high success rates. Subsequently after the introduction of mineral trioxide aggregate and hydraulic calcium silicate materials single visit apical plug procedures became increasingly practiced with comparable success rates to the conventional apexification. The search continued afterward for a clinical procedure that may stimulate further root development and apical closure to avoid the long‐term complication of root fracture after apexification. Regenerative procedures using stem cells derived from the apical papilla and blood clots as scaffolds were then introduced for the management of immature teeth, with variable protocols and success rates. This review will cover the evidence available and current position of regenerative endodontic procedures in traumatized immature teeth with apical periodontitis, in terms of clinical protocols, outcome, and potential prognostic factors.
Increased loss‐of‐function filaggrin gene mutation prevalence in atopic dermatitis patients across northern latitudes indicates genetic fitness: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Khatib Casper Milde , Klein‐Petersen Amalie Wandel , Rønnstad Amalie Thorsti Møller , Egeberg Alexander , Christensen Maria Oberländer , Silverberg Jonathan Ian , Thomsen Simon Francis , Irvine Alan David , Thyssen Jacob Pontoppidan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLoss‐of‐function (LoF) mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) constitute the strongest genetic risk for atopic dermatitis (AD). A latitude‐dependent difference in the prevalence of LoF FLG mutations was systematically evaluated. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed to estimate the prevalence of LoF FLG mutations in AD patients and the general population by geography and ethnicity. Risk of bias was assessed by Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale and Jadad score. StatsDirect, version 3 software was used to calculate all outcomes. PubMed and EMBASE were searched until 9th December 2021. Studies were included if they contained data on the prevalence of LoF FLG mutations in AD patients or from the general population or associations between AD and LoF FLG mutations and were authored in English. Overall, 248 studies and 229 310 AD patients and individuals of the general population were included in the quantitative analysis. The prevalence of LoF FLG mutations was 19.1% (95% CI, 17.3–21.0) in AD patients and 5.8% (95% CI, 5.3–6.2) in the general population. There was a significant positive association between AD and LoF FLG mutations in all latitudes in the Northern hemisphere, but not in all ethnicities. The prevalence of LoF FLG mutations became gradually more prevalent in populations residing farther north of the Equator but was negligible in Middle Easterners and absent in most African populations. FLG LoF mutations are common and tend to increase with northern latitude, suggesting potential clinical implications for future AD management. The existence of possible genetic fitness from FLG LoF mutations remains unknown.
The mediation model of social status on the link between parental attachment, aggressive behavior, and psychological well‐being: Evidence from two studies in Vietnamese adolescents and young adults
Authors: Nguyen Thanh‐Minh , Nguyen Nghia Duc Tri , Vo Anh‐Tram Ngoc , Le Khoi , Nguyen An‐Hong , Nguyen Minh‐Chuong Duc 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLittle is known about how insecure attachment affects aggressive behavior and well‐being among Vietnamese youth. Using structural equation modeling, we investigate the mediating role of subjective social status (SSS) on the paths from insecure attachment to overt aggressive behavior (OAB) and psychological well‐being (PW) in a sample of 1753 Vietnamese adolescents (Mage = 16.136, SD = 0.784) and test whether the results will be replicated in another sample of 601 Vietnamese young adults (Mage = 19.93, SD = 1.35). Participants complete a survey comprising demographic information, attachment styles, SSS, OAB, and PW questionnaires. Our main findings include: (a) anxious attachment positively related to OAB in both samples, (b) anxious attachment was only negatively associated with adolescents' PW, (c) avoidant attachment was positively correlated to OAB in adolescents but negatively correlated in young adults, and (d) avoidant attachment was negatively related to PW in both samples. In addition, (e) in adolescents, the mediation role of SSS was significant in all paths, but (f) SSS only mediated the link from avoidant attachment to PW of young adults. The present study suggests that aggressive behavior might not be associated with social status or attachment in the same way in adolescents compared to young adult Vietnamese samples.
Patient‐Led Research to Develop a Training Programme for Restoring Musical Joy in Cochlear Implant Recipients: A Reflexive Process Evaluation
Authors: Maas Marjo J. M. , Veltman Joke , van der Wees Philip J. , Beijk Cilia , Huinck Wendy J. , Groenhuis Adinda Y. M. , Versnel Huib , Schuiling Gertjan , Hoetink Alex E. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe role of patients in healthcare research is slowly evolving, although patient roles in the research process are limited. This paper reports on a patient‐led research project aiming to develop a musical hearing training programme for patients with a cochlear implant (CI): the Musi‐CI programme. A CI is an inner ear prosthesis that allows people with severe hearing loss to hear. However, while speech can be understood, CI users cannot fully enjoy music or feel aversion to it. The Musi‐CI programme aims to reduce this music aversion to ultimately improve music enjoyment and social participation. The development of the Musi‐CI programme was supported by a consortium of professionals in CI rehabilitation and research.The aim of this paper is to describe and evaluate the Musi‐CI programme development process and its impact on professional CI rehabilitation and research.MethodsProgramme development was described using a 3‐layered process model of action research, distinguishing the CI user process, the healthcare professional process and the research process. To evaluate perceptions on the programme development process, consortium partners provided written comments and participated in a reflexive evaluation session that was video‐recorded. Reflexive evaluation aims for collective learning and strengthening collaboration among participants. Written comments and video data were analysed using template analysis.ResultsThe involvement of an expert by experience was perceived as challenging but rewarding for all consortium partners, opening up new perspectives on CI‐rehabilitation practice and research. Data analysis revealed two themes on the programme development process, professional space and acknowledgement, and two themes on the outcomes on CI rehabilitation and research: critical reflection and paradigm shift.ConclusionExperts by experience represent a different knowledge domain that may contribute to change in rehabilitation and research.Patient or Public ContributionThe development of the programme was initiated by a professional musician and CI user who organized the funding, had a leading role throughout the research process, including the write‐up of the results, and co‐authored this paper.
Weather explains inter‐annual variability, but not the temporal decline, in insect biomass
Authors: Duchenne François , Fontaine Colin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Müller et al. re‐analysed published data on temporal variation in insect biomass in Germany between 1989 and 2016, with a focus on modelling the effects of weather conditions on insect biomass.
These upgraded analyses, using an external validation dataset, are a nice demonstration of the strong impact of climatic conditions on annual insect biomass. However, Müller et al.'s conclusion that temporal variation in weather conditions explained most of the temporal changes in insect biomass was overstated. We argue that their methodological approach was unsuitable to draw such conclusion, because of omitted variable bias.
We re‐ran the analyses of Müller et al. but accounting for a remaining temporal trend in insect biomass due to missing drivers. Our results suggest that the main conclusion of Müller et al. was wrong: there is a significant temporal decline in insect biomass that is not explained by weather conditions.
Our commentary recalls that not accounting for missing predictors is likely to produce highly biased results, especially when missing predictors are correlated with the available ones, which is likely to be the case for most of the anthropogenic pressures linked to global change. This highlights the difficult challenge of estimating the relative importance of the global change components in driving the observed biodiversity changes.
I can't get no (need) satisfaction: Using a relatedness need‐supportive intervention to improve applicant reactions to asynchronous video interviews
Authors: Moore Hayley I. , Dunlop Patrick D. , Holtrop Djurre , Gagné Marylène 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSome research suggests that job applicants tend to express negative perceptions of asynchronous video interviews (AVIs). Drawing from basic psychological needs theory, we proposed that these negative perceptions arise partly from the lack of human interaction between applicants and the organization during an AVI, which fails to satisfy applicants' need for relatedness. Recruiting participants through Prolific, we conducted two experimental studies that aimed to manipulate the level of relatedness support through a relatedness‐need supportive introductory video containing empathetic messaging and humor. Using a vignette approach, participants in study 1 (N = 100) evaluated a hypothetical AVI that included one of two introductory videos: relatedness‐supportive versus neutral messaging. The relatedness‐supportive video yielded higher relatedness need satisfaction (d = 0.53) and organizational attraction ratings (d = 0.49) than the neutral video. In study 2, participants (N = 231) completed an AVI that included one of the two videos and evaluated their AVI experience. In contrast to the vignette study, we observed no significant differences between groups for relatedness need satisfaction, organizational attraction, nor other outcomes. Our findings provided little evidence that humor and empathic video messaging improves reactions to an AVI and illustrated the limitations on the external validity of vignette designs.
Genome‐wide identification of PAR domain protein 1 (PDP1) targets through ChIP‐seq reveals the regulation of diapause‐specific characteristics in Culex pipiens
Authors: Dhungana Prabin , Wei Xueyan , Meuti Megan E. , Sim Cheolho 
Published: July 2024

AbstractInsects use seasonal diapause as an alternative strategy to endure adverse seasons. This developmental trajectory is induced by environmental cues like short‐day lengths in late summer and early fall, but how insects measure day length is unknown. The circadian clock has been implicated in regulating photoperiodic or seasonal responses in many insects, including the Northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens, which enters adult diapause. To investigate the potential control of diapause by circadian control, we employed ChIP‐sequencing to identify the downstream targets of a circadian transcription factor, PAR domain protein 1 (PDP1), that contribute to the hallmark features of diapause. We identified the nearest genes in a 10 kb region of the anticipated PDP1 binding sites, listed prospective targets and searched for PDP1‐specific binding sites. By examining the functional relevance to diapause‐specific behaviours and modifications such as metabolic pathways, lifespan extension, cell cycle regulation and stress tolerance, eight genes were selected as targets and validated using ChIP‐qPCR. In addition, qRT‐PCR demonstrated that the mRNA abundance of PDP1 targets increased in the heads of diapausing females during the middle of the scotophase (ZT17) compared with the early photophase (ZT1), in agreement with the peak and trough of PDP1 abundance. Thus, our investigation uncovered the mechanism by which PDP1 might generate a diapause phenotype in insects.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of caries prevention in children among Bhutanese oral health professionals
Authors: Euden Tenzin , Leelataweewud Pattarawadee , Jirarattanasopha Varangkanar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundDental caries remains prevalent among children in Bhutan, despite an increasing number of oral health professionals (OHPs). Insights into caries preventive practices among OHPs can identify areas for capacity building.AimThis cross‐sectional descriptive study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice of caries prevention in children among OHPs in Bhutan.DesignA self‐administered online questionnaire was sent to all active registered OHPs.ResultsThe respondents included 73 dentists and 61 dental hygienists (88% response rate) with a mean experience of 8.4 ± 7.1 years. Many practitioners rarely saw children; most of them, however, exhibited a positive attitude towards caries prevention in children, yet lacked knowledge and practice, especially in younger children. Caries risk factors were not all recognized, and assessment was not practised. Many forms of fluoride were available, but their efficacy was underestimated. Fluoridated toothpaste was underutilized in younger children. Preventive practice relied mainly on giving advice. The most common limitations on preventive practice were the unavailability of materials and treatment prioritized over prevention.ConclusionCaries prevention in Bhutanese children requires a systematic approach in the oral healthcare system and further education of OHPs. Proactive strategies, time management and efficient distribution of preventive materials could promote better practice.
Responsibility as the door opener toward trust: How powerholders construe and express their power impacts others' willingness to trust them
Authors: Scholl Annika , Winter Kevin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPowerholders make decisions that impact others' lives. To be effective, powerholders need those with lower power to trust them—often without the chance to establish a good interpersonal relationship beforehand. Yet, societal developments in many countries suggest that willingness to trust powerholders is eroding; this makes the (re)establishment of trust a pressing though potentially difficult endeavour. What makes it likely, then, that people are willing to spontaneously trust a powerholder they barely know? We examined the role of powerholders' expression that they see (i.e., cognitively construe) power as a responsibility (vs. an opportunity). Doing so, the present work examines the consequences of unknown powerholders' construal of power from observers' perspective for the first time and connects it with research on trust. We reasoned that people would be more willing to trust an unknown powerholder who recognizes and expresses their responsibility (vs. opportunity) as a powerholder. Five preregistered studies (N = 1196) support this prediction for willingness to trust and a downstream effect on powerholder choice in a trust‐relevant context. The findings highlight how powerholders' construal of power affects observers and show that powerholders can promote others' willingness to trust them by expressing a sense of responsibility (vs. opportunity). Implications for powerholders' communication in times of distrust and populism are discussed.