bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasmon optics and thermal dissipation in nanocomposite thin films
Authors: Dunklin Jeremy R. , Forcherio Gregory T. , Berry Keith R. , Roper D.K. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTOptical properties and thermal relaxation dynamics of resonantly excited plasmons are important in applications for optoelectronics, biomedicine, energy, and catalysis. Geometric optics of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) thin films containing uniformly or asymmetrically distributed polydisperse reduced AuNPs or uniformly distributed monodisperse solution-synthesized AuNPs were recently evaluated using a compact linear algebraic sum. Algebraic calculation of geometric transmission, reflection, and attenuation for AuNP-PDMS films provides a simple, workable alternative to effective medium approximations, computationally expensive methods, and fitting of experimental data. This approach allows for the summative optical responses of a sequence of 2D elements comprising a 3D assembly to be analyzed. Thin PDMS films containing 3-7 micron layers of reduced AuNPs were fabricated with a novel diffusive-reduction synthesis technique. Rapid diffusive reduction of AuNPs into asymmetric PDMS thin films provided superior photothermal response relative to thicker films with AuNPs reduced throughout, with a photon-to-heat conversion of up to 3000°C/watt which represents 3-230-fold increase over previous AuNP-functionalized systems. Later work showed that introduction of AuNPs into PDMS enhanced thermoplasmonic dissipation coincident with internal reflection of incident resonant irradiation. Measured thermal emission and dynamics of AuNP-PDMS thin films exceeded emission and dynamics attributable by finite element analysis to Mie absorption, Fourier heat conduction, Rayleigh convection, and Stefan-Boltzmann radiation. Refractive-index matching experiments and measured temperature profiles indicated AuNP-containing thin films internally reflected light and dissipated power transverse to the film surface. Enhanced thermoplasmonic dissipation from metal-polymer nanocomposite thin films could affect opto- and bio-electronic implementation of these systems.
Using Mixed Methods In Music Therapy Health Care Research: Reflections On the Relationship Between the Research Question, Design and Methods in the Research Project Receptive Music Therapy With Female Cancer Patients in Rehabilitation
Authors: Bonde Lars Ole 
Published: July 2015

“Mixed methods” (or “multiple methods” or “multiple strategy”) research design is a fairly new concept in music therapy research. It is inspired by recent methodological developments in the social sciences, covering the interaction of quantitative and qualitative methods in one and the same research study. Mixed methods are not the same as the diversity or pluralism of methods advocated by many scholars who are critical towards the principles of evidence-based practice. This article presents an example of mixed methods in music therapy research: a psycho-social study of music therapy with female cancer survivors. Problems related to ontology, epistemology, design and methodology are illustrated and discussed, and the perspective is broadened into a discussion of the core concepts of triangulation as related to validity.
Recurrent Selection to Alter Grain Phytic Acid Concentration and Iron Bioavailability
Authors: Beavers Alyssa W. , Goggi A. Susana , Reddy Manju B. , Lauter Adrienne Moran , Scott M. Paul 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTIron is an important micronutrient and Fe deficiency is a global health concern. Phytic acid inhibits Fe absorption and cannot be digested by monogastric livestock or humans. High phytate concentration in staple crops may be one of the contributing factors for the high incidence of anemia in developing countries because of its inhibiting effect on Fe absorption. In seeds, it serves as the main storage compound for P. Low phytic acid mutants (lpa) in maize (Zea mays L.) have improved Fe bioavailability, but they have poor germination. Our objective was to develop both low phytic acid (LPA) and high phytic acid (HPA) maize populations using recurrent selection and to compare seed quality and Fe bioavailability among the HPA and LPA populations and lpa mutant lines. Three cycles of selection were performed in two broad‐based synthetic populations, BS11 and BS31. The resulting HPA and LPA populations were significantly different in phytic acid concentration in the BS11‐derived populations (P < 0.05) but not in the BSS31‐derived populations (P > 0.05). The BS11LPA maize population had improved seed germination (13–16%; P < 0.05), and Fe bioavailability was not statistically different (P > 0.05) than the lpa mutant inbred lines. We conclude that recurrent selection for phytic acid levels may be a viable approach for improving Fe bioavailability of grain while maintaining seed quality.
Leaf Rust Resistance in Wheat Line RL6062 is an Allele at the Lr3 Locus
Authors: Kolmer J. A. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTRL6062, a ‘Thatcher’ backcross line of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), has resistance to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Erikss.) derived from a line of common wheat from Iran. RL6062 has an intermediate infection type (IT) of small to moderate uredinia surrounded by distinct chlorosis. RL6062 was crossed with Thatcher and the F2 seedlings and F3 families segregated for a single leaf rust resistance gene. Bulk segregant analysis of homozygous resistant and homozygous susceptible F3 families using diversity arrays technology (DArT) markers indicated that the leaf rust resistance was on chromosome 6BL. RL6062 was crossed with Thatcher lines with genes Lr9, Lr3a, Lr3b, and Lr3c that are also located on chromosome 6BL. The F2 seedlings of RL6010‐Lr9/RL6062 segregated for IT that ranged from immune response to high IT with large uredinia that lacked necrosis or chlorosis. The F3 families derived from F2 seedlings with high IT were homozygous susceptible or segregated for intermediate IT and high IT, confirming that resistance in RL6062 was not allelic to Lr9. The F2 seedlings of RL6002‐Lr3a/RL6062 segregated for IT that varied from flecks to moderately large size uredinia that lacked chlorosis or necrosis. The F3 families derived from F2 seedlings that had intermediate to high IT segregated for low IT of fleck to intermediate IT, and none of the seedlings had high IT. The lack of segregation for susceptible plants in the F3 families indicated that the leaf rust resistance in RL6062 is an allele at the Lr3 locus. Alleles at the Lr3 locus had intermediate to recessive expression.
Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Tolerance to Seed Cracking under Chilling Temperatures in Soybean
Authors: Yamaguchi Naoya , Taguchi‐Shiobara Fumio , Sayama Takashi , Miyoshi Tomoaki , Kawasaki Michio , Ishimoto Masao , Senda Mineo 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTIn Hokkaido, northern Japan, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] crops are damaged by cold weather. Chilling temperatures result in the appearance of cracked seeds (CSs) in soybean crops, especially those grown in eastern and northern Hokkaido. The seed coats of CSs are severely split on the dorsal side, and the cotyledons are exposed and frequently separated. The occurrence of CSs causes unstable production because these seeds have no commodity value. The aims of this study were to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with CS tolerance. In a previous study, a selection method for CS tolerance using a phytotron was developed. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was bred from a cross between a CS‐tolerant breeding line, Toiku 248 (T248), and a CS‐sensitive cultivar, Yukihomare (YH). Two stable QTLs, qCS8‐1 and qCS11‐1, were identified by QTL analysis using the cracked‐seed index (CSI), the arcsine transformed CS ratio. Two pairs of near‐isogenic lines (NILs) were bred for the qCS8‐1 and qCS11‐1 loci to validate the effects of the QTLs. The CSIs of the NILs with the T248 allele were significantly lower than those with the YH allele at both the qCS8‐1 and qCS11‐1 loci. The T248 alleles at qCS8‐1 and qCS11‐1 had no negative influence on flowering time or other agronomic traits in the NILs. Our results suggest that marker‐assisted selection (MAS) for qCS8‐1 and qCS11‐1 would be effective for the breeding of CS‐tolerant cultivars.
Internal Control Deficiencies in Tax Reporting: A Detailed View
Authors: Graham Lynford , Bedard Jean C. 
Published: July 2015

SYNOPSIS
Prior research, using data from Sarbanes-Oxley Act Sections 302/404 (SOX, U.S. House of Representatives 2002) disclosures, finds that material weaknesses (MWs) in internal controls over financial reporting of taxes are more frequent and consequential than other account-specific MWs. Understanding internal control deficiencies (ICDs) in tax reporting is important but public information is limited, as MWs comprise only control flaws remaining unremediated at year-end and few details on their nature are available from SEC filings. We supplement prior studies by providing a detailed look at all Section 404 control deficiencies in tax reporting in a proprietary sample of engagements in 2004–2005 from several large auditing firms. We find that tax ICDs are less likely to be remediated between discovery and fiscal year-end, more likely to be severe, and more likely to have caused a financial misstatement. Remediation failure for tax ICDs is greater when management missed detecting the problem, and more prevalent for poorly designed controls, controls over the tax provision, and monitoring control activities. Auditors' severity classifications imply that ICDs relating to the tax provision and deferred taxes, and those that failed in operation, have higher potential for producing misstatements. Overall, our results underscore the importance of auditor involvement in internal control reporting in the tax area.
Data Availability: Data used for this study were provided under confidentiality agreements, and cannot be shared.
Non-Big 4 Local Market Leadership and its Effect on Competition
Authors: Keune Marsha B. , Mayhew Brian W. , Schmidt Jaime J. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThis study examines local characteristics associated with non-Big 4 local market leadership and the impact of non-Big 4 local market leadership on competition. We identify non-Big 4 local market leaders by collecting accounting firm rankings from business publications for 46 of the largest metropolitan statistical areas from 2005–2010. These rankings are based on the number of local office employees and provide a more holistic measure of office size than measures based on public company audit fees. We find local supply and demand factors are significantly associated with non-Big 4 local market leadership and that non-Big 4 leadership is associated with lower overall audit fees in the local market. We also find that non-Big 4 leaders earn a fee premium over other non-Big 4 auditors. Our results imply that non-Big 4 leaders increase local market competition.Data Availability: All data are publicly available from sources identified in the study.
Cost Estimates, Cost Overruns, and Project Continuation Decisions
Authors: Brüggen Alexander , Luft Joan L. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
Cost overruns on multi-period projects are large and frequent in natural environments. Reasons for these overruns include cost understatements in initial project proposals and escalation of commitment to projects when initial actual costs turn out to be higher than expected. Prior literature has suggested, and some firms have implemented, a device that limits escalation and thus potentially reduces cost overruns: changing decision makers (superiors) so that the manager who approves continuation of a project is not the same individual who approved the project initially. We provide theoretical explanations and experimental evidence about how changing versus continuing superiors affect the underestimates of cost in initial project proposals. We find that although changing superiors, as expected, are more likely than are continuing superiors to react skeptically to continuation proposals when first-period cost overruns have occurred, this does not reduce initial cost understatements and overruns. On the contrary, in our setting it leads to greater initial understatements and overruns. Subordinates anticipate that new superiors will be more critical of their projects; hence, they discount later-period payoffs and focus on gaining initial funding by providing understated cost estimates.
The Cash Flow and Behavioral Effects of Switching to a Single Sales Factor on State Taxation
Authors: Swenson Charles W. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
This study examines the impact that switching to a single sales factor (SSF) formula for state corporate income tax apportionment has on local employment. Resolving previous conflicting work, I find that SSF increased employment only for locally based firms, resulting in economically insignificant aggregate employment gains. Beyond contributing to the policy debate, the study also introduces a new database that provides location-specific, establishment-level information for both public and privately owned firms.
Liquidity Implications of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosures: Malaysian Evidence
Authors: Subramaniam Ravichandran K. , Samuel Shyamala Dhoraisingham , Mahenthiran Sakthi 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT
The study examines the association between the different types of blockholdings, the levels of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure, and liquidity of shares traded in Malaysian public listed companies (PLCs) on Bursa Malaysia. The sample consists of 194 most actively traded PLCs for the year 2009. A CSR index was constructed using the criteria used by a leading newspaper that provides an annual CSR award. We suggest that such CSR awards help legitimize the business activities of PLCs in the eyes of a government promoting sustainable business practices. The study finds that while insider blockholdings increases the trading friction and reduces liquidity, the nongovernmental institutional blockholdings improve the liquidity of shares traded on Bursa Malaysia. Moreover, the government institutional blockholdings interacts with the CSR disclosure levels to affect the liquidity of the shares traded. These findings make important contributions to emerging capital markets where government regulations incentivize CSR disclosures and the involvement of institutional investors in the governance of PLCs are the norm.
Data Availability: The authors are willing to share the data for use by others in extending or replicating results reported in their articles (send request to Ms. Dhoraisingham at: shymala.dhoraisingam@monash.edu).
Signalment, clinical features, echocardiographic findings, and outcome of dogs and cats with ventricular septal defects: 109 cases (1992–2013)
Authors: Bomassi Eric , Misbach Charlotte , Tissier Renaud , Gouni Vassiliki , Trehiou-Sechi Emilie , Petit Amandine M. , Desmyter Aude , Damoiseaux Cécile , Pouchelon Jean-Louis , Chetboul Valérie 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Objective—To determine the signalment, clinical features, echocardiographic findings, and outcome of dogs and cats with ventricular septal defects (VSDs).
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—56 dogs and 53 cats with VSDs.
Procedures—Medical records of dogs and cats with VSDs diagnosed by means of conventional and Doppler echocardiography were reviewed. Signalment, clinical status, echocardiographic findings, and outcome data were recorded. Variables of interest were analyzed for the study population and subgroups according to species and clinical status.
Results—VSDs were isolated (ie, solitary defects) in 53 of 109 (48.6%) patients. Most (82/109 [75.2%]) VSDs were membranous or perimembranous. Terriers and French Bulldogs were commonly represented canine breeds. Most isolated VSDs were subclinical (43/53 [81%]) and had a pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio < 1. 5 (24/32 [75%]). The VSD diameter and VSD-to-aortic diameter ratio were significantly correlated with pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio in dogs (r = 0.529 and r = 0.689, respectively) and in cats (r = 0.713 and r = 0.829, respectively). One dog underwent open surgical repair for an isolated VSD and was excluded from survival analysis. Of the remaining animals with isolated VSDs for which data were available (37/52 [71%]), no subclinically affected animals developed signs after initial diagnosis, and median age at death from all causes was 12 years.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Most dogs and cats with isolated VSDs had a long survival time; few had clinical signs at diagnosis, and none with follow-up developed clinical signs after diagnosis. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2015;247:166–175)
Physical exercise induces rapid release of small extracellular vesicles into the circulation
Authors: Frühbeis Carsten , Helmig Susanne , Tug Suzan , Simon Perikles , Krämer‐Albers Eva‐Maria 
Published: July 2015

Cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) by default and in response to diverse stimuli for the purpose of cell communication and tissue homeostasis. EVs are present in all body fluids including peripheral blood, and their appearance correlates with specific physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we show that physical activity is associated with the release of nano‐sized EVs into the circulation. Healthy individuals were subjected to an incremental exercise protocol of cycling or running until exhaustion, and EVs were isolated from blood plasma samples taken before, immediately after and 90 min after exercise. Small EVs with the size of 100–130 nm, that carried proteins characteristic of exosomes, were significantly increased immediately after cycling exercise and declined again within 90 min at rest. In response to treadmill running, elevation of small EVs was moderate but appeared more sustained. To delineate EV release kinetics, plasma samples were additionally taken at the end of each increment of the cycling exercise protocol. Release of small EVs into the circulation was initiated in an early phase of exercise, before the individual anaerobic threshold, which is marked by the rise of lactate. Taken together, our study revealed that exercise triggers a rapid release of EVs with the characteristic size of exosomes into the circulation, initiated in the aerobic phase of exercise. We hypothesize that EVs released during physical activity may participate in cell communication during exercise‐mediated adaptation processes that involve signalling across tissues and organs.
Report from the OMERACT Hand Osteoarthritis Working Group: Set of Core Domains and Preliminary Set of Instruments for Use in Clinical Trials and Observational Studies
Authors: Kloppenburg Margreet , Bøyesen Pernille , Visser A. Willemien , Haugen Ida K. , Boers Maarten , Boonen Annelies , Conaghan Philip G. , Hawker Gillian A. , Kvien Tore K. , Landewé Robert , Uhlig Till , Smeets Wilma , Greibrokk Elsie , van der Heijde Désirée M. 
Published: July 2015

Objective.During OMERACT 12, a workshop was held with the aim to endorse a core set of domains for 3 settings: clinical trials of symptom and structure modification and observational studies. Additional goals were to endorse a core set of contextual factors for these settings, and to define preliminary instruments for each core domain. Finally, an agenda for future research in hand osteoarthritis (OA) was to be proposed.Methods.Literature reviews of preliminary instruments for each core domain of the proposed core set for hand OA in the settings described above. Literature review of radiographic scoring methods and modern imaging in hand OA were also performed. Proposed contextual factors for a core set were identified through 2 Delphi exercises with participation of hand OA experts, patient partners, and OMERACT participants.Results.Results from Delphi exercises and systematic literature reviews were presented and discussed. It was agreed that a preliminary core domain set for the setting clinical trials of symptom modification should contain at least “pain, physical function, patient global assessment, joint activity and hand strength.” The settings clinical trial of structure modification and observational studies would in addition include structural damage. Preliminary instruments for the proposed domains were agreed on. A list of prioritized contextual factors was defined and endorsed for further research. A research agenda was proposed for domain instrument validation according to the OMERACT Filter 2.0.Conclusion.Preliminary core sets for clinical trials of symptom and structure modification and observational studies in hand osteoarthritis, including preliminary instruments and contextual factors, were agreed upon during OMERACT 12.
The Tumor Antigen Cyclin B1 Hosts Multiple CD4 T Cell Epitopes Differently Recognized by Pre-Existing Naive and Memory Cells in Both Healthy and Cancer Donors
Authors: Chevaleyre Claire , Benhamouda Nadine , Favry Emmanuel , Fabre Elizabeth , Mhoumadi Anais , Nozach Hervé , Marcon Elodie , Cosler Guillaume , Vinatier Emeline , Oudard Stephane , Hans Stephane , Le Pimpec-Barthes Françoise , Bats Anne-Sophie , Castelli Florence A. , Tartour Eric , Maillère Bernard 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Cyclin B1 (CCNB1) is considered as a potential target for a cancer vaccine, as it is overexpressed in many malignant cells, while being transiently expressed in normal cells. To evaluate the CD4 T cell response to CCNB1, we derived T cell lines by multiple weekly rounds of stimulation with recombinant CCNB1 of T cells collected in healthy donors (long-term T cell assays). T cell lines were specific for 15 immunodominant peptides and derived preferentially from naive T cells. From 74 overlapping peptides, 20 peptides were selected for their broad specificity of binding to HLA class II molecules and included most of the immunodominant epitopes. They primed in vitro a large number of specific CD4 T cell lines in all the donors. Immunodominant epitopes were the most efficacious in long-term T cell assays, both in terms of number of specific T cell lines and number of responding donors. The 20 peptides were also submitted to short-term T cell assays using cells collected in healthy and cancer patients with the aim to evaluate the memory response. The recognized peptides differed from the immunodominant peptides and were part of the best promiscuous peptides. We also observed pre-existing CCNB1-specifc IgG Abs in both healthy and cancer donors. Long- and short-term T cell assays revealed that CCNB1 contained many CD4 T cell epitopes, which are differentially recognized by pre-existing naive and memory CD4 T cells. These observations are of value for the design of cancer vaccines.