bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibroblast‐like synoviocytes preferentially induce terminal differentiation of IgD+ memory B cells instead of naïve B cells
Authors: Bleck Dennis , Loacker‐Schöch Klara , Classen Tim , Jose Joachim , Schneider Matthias , Pongratz Georg 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease driven by highly active autoantibody‐producing B cells. Activation of B cells is maintained within ectopic germinal centres found in affected joints. Fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) present in inflamed joints support B‐cell survival, activation, and differentiation. CD27+ memory B cells and naive B cells show very different responses to activation, particularly by CD40 ligand (CD40L). We show that FLS‐dependent activation of human B cells is dependent on interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and CD40L. FLS have been shown to activate both naive and memory B cells. Whether the activating potential of FLS is different for naive and memory B cells has not been investigated. Our results suggest that FLS‐induced activation of B cells is dependent on IL‐6 and CD40L. While FLS are able to induce plasma cell differentiation, isotype switching, and antibody production in memory B cells, the ability of FLS to activate naive B cells is significantly lower.
Contingency enables the formation of social expectations about an artificial agent
Authors: Venditti Julia A. , Elkin Rachel , Williams Rondeline M. , Schwade Jennifer A. , Narayan Angela , Goldstein Michael H. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWhat environmental regularities support infant communicative learning from social interactions? We propose that infants allocate their attention toward and learn from external events that are contingent on their own behaviors. We tested the robustness of the influence of contingency on communicative learning by using a non‐biological stimulus, a remote‐controlled car, as the social partner. The car approached infants and produced a speech sound either contingently to infants' vocalizations or on a yoked schedule. Two additional groups had an unfamiliar human experimenter as their social partner in contingent and yoked control conditions. We assessed whether infants formed expectations about their partner's responsiveness to their vocalizations. Expectations made based on contingent responsiveness would support the role of contingency in promoting plasticity in early communicative learning. Infants across all conditions increased their vocalization rates when their partner paused in responding, suggesting that they expected their vocalizations to influence their partners' behavior. Infants vocalized significantly more to the social partner than their caregiver if they received contingent rather than yoked responses from the social partner, regardless of if the partner was a human or non‐biological agent. Contingent responses to prelinguistic vocalizations facilitated the formation of expectations for interactivity of social partners.
Occupational health nursing and political action
Authors: González‐Caballero Javier 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundOccupational health and safety are central elements of work. Throughout its history as a speciality, occupational health nursing (OHN) has been expanding the development of academic competencies and the improvement of clinical skills.Sources of evidenceThe literature highlights that OHN is more involved in the application of policies with a public health perspective focused on the well‐being of the worker than in their design and development.Reflections from a socio‐occupational and professional perspective of occupational health nursingFrom this premise, the current reality contributes to establishing priorities for action, generates consensus as a discipline, induces self‐criticism and favours development as a profession. The article points out the strategies that favour political participation in companies, the factors that limit public representation and some of the benefits of establishing this type of initiative in organisations.Conclusions and implications for nursing and health policyThe OHN is a key agent of change in the design and development of health policies in the workplace. From a panoramic view of how health strategies can influence companies, and the care of the working population, political awareness and civic participation in its different aspects are part of the commitment to this nursing speciality.
Silicate Application Alleviated the Depressive Impacts of Nighttime Warming on the Rice Growth, Yield and Quality in Southern China
Authors: Lou Yunsheng , Liu Yan , Pan Defeng , Guo Junhong , Yang Huilin , Zhou Dongxue , Ren Lixuan 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTNighttime warming decreased single rice production in southern China, while silicate supply increased the yield and stress resistance. It is still unclear regarding the impacts of silicate application on the growth, yield and quality in rice under nighttime warming. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impacts of silicate application on the growth, yield and quality during rice growing period under nighttime warming. The warming was set at two levels, that is, ambient temperature (CK) and nighttime warming (NW). The open passive nighttime warming was used in this study, that is, rice canopy was covered with aluminium foil reflective film at night (19:00–6:00). Silicate fertiliser (steel slag) was applied at two levels, that is, Si0 (0 kg SiO2·hm−2) and Si1 (200 kg SiO2·hm−2). The results indicated that, compared with the control, the average nighttime temperature on rice canopy and at 5 cm soil layer increased by 0.51°C–0.59°C and 0.28°C–0.41°C during the rice growing period, respectively. Under nighttime warming, silicate supply increased the dry weight of shoot, total dry weight of the whole plant and yield by 64.1%, 55.3% and 7.1% at the filling‐maturity stage, respectively. Silicate application significantly reduced dry matter translocation rate with 15%–18%, but significantly increased the root‐shoot ratio with 0.39–0.41 in rice. Under nighttime warming, silicate supply significantly increased milled rice rate, head rice rate and total starch content by 2.3%, 2.5% and 41.8%, respectively. Nighttime warming reduced the yield by decreasing the number of effective panicle, seed setting rate and 1000‐grain weight, but increasing empty chaff grain. Silicate supply increased the yield by increasing the number of effective panicle, filled grains per panicle, seed setting rate and 1000‐grain weight, but reducing empty chaff grain. This study suggests that silicate supply can effectively alleviate the suppressive effects of nighttime warming on single rice growth, yield and quality in Southern China.
Behavior and effect of natural refinement of Sm2BaCuO5 derived from homogeneous nucleation catastrophe in bulks
Authors: Huang Simin , Yin Yiqian , Zhu Yanhan , Liang Kun , Diko Pavel , Radusovska Monika , Yao Xin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAmong the REBa2Cu3O7‐δ (REBCO or RE123, RE = rare earth element) family, SmBCO is preferably used in top‐seeded melt‐growth (TSMG) because of its outstanding property and more controllable stoichiometry 123. Nevertheless, the refinement of Sm2BaCuO5 (Sm211) particles has been challenging for high‐performance SmBCO bulks. Conventional precursor powders (SmBa2Cu3O7‐δ plus Sm2BaCuO5) intrinsically result in enlarging Sm2BaCuO5 particles due to their coarsening and epitaxial growth during the heating process. Here, we used modified precursor powders (MPPs, Sm2O3 plus Ba2Cu3O5) in air‐processed TSMG, in which there is neither Sm211 in the beginning nor related enlargement during heating. Consequently, the nucleation catastrophe of Sm211 occurred above the peritectic temperature, which in situ formed, possessing naturally small size. Further, aiming to suppress the Sm/Ba substitution, Ba‐rich MPP, substituting Ba2Cu3O5 with Ba3Cu4O7) was employed, producing an excellent SmBCO bulk with a diameter of 24 mm: levitation force of 51.5 N and trapped field of 0.537 T. Optical micrographs and quantitative analyses confirmed the superior refinement and distribution of Sm211 particles in SmBCO bulks. Most importantly, new strategies in this work are widely applicable for developing cost‐effective and high‐performance other REBCO bulk superconductors.
Fibroblast growth factor 23‐mediated regulation of osteoporosis: Assessed via Mendelian randomization and in vitro study
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Xu Jin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDespite numerous investigations on the influence of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), α‐Klotho and FGF receptor‐1 (FGFR1) on osteoporosis (OP), there is no clear consensus. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted on genome‐wide association studies (GWASs)‐based datasets to evaluate the causal relationship between FGF23, α‐Klotho, FGFR1 and OP. The primary endpoint was the odds ratio (OR) of the inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) approach. Furthermore, we stably transfected FGF23‐mimic or siRNA‐FGF23 into human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) in culture and determined its cell proliferation and the effects on osteogenic differentiation. Using MR analysis, we demonstrated a strong correlation between serum FGF23 levels and Heel‐ and femoral neck‐BMDs, with subsequent ORs of 0.919 (95% CI: 0.860–0.983, p = 0.014) and 0.751 (95% CI: 0.587–0.962; p = 0.023), respectively. The expression levels of FGF23 were significantly increased in femoral neck of patients with OP than in the control cohort (p < 0.0001). Based on our in vitro investigation, after overexpression of FGF23, compared to the control group, the BMSC's proliferation ability decreased, the expression level of key osteogenic differentiation genes (RUNX2, OCN and OSX) significantly reduced, mineralized nodules and ALP activity significantly decreased. After silencing FGF23, it showed a completely opposite trend. Augmented FGF23 levels are causally associated with increased risk of OP. Similarly, FGF23 overexpression strongly inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, thereby potentially aggravating the pathological process of OP.
Plasma circulating tumour DNA is a better source for diagnosis and mutational analysis of IVLBCL than tissue DNA
Authors: Chen Chao , Di Yiao , Zhuang Zhe , Cai Hao , Jia Congwei , Wang Wei , Zhao Danqing , Wei Chong , Zhang Wei , Zhou Daobin , Zhang Yan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDiagnosis of intravascular large B‐cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a challenge due to its heterogeneous clinical presentation and lack of specific markers. This retrospective study investigated the utility of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) sequencing for diagnosing IVLBCL and analysing its mutation landscape. A cohort of 34 IVLBCL patients enrolled and underwent plasma ctDNA targeted sequencing. The median plasma ctDNA concentration was 135.0 ng/mL, significantly higher than that in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) controls. Correlations were found between ctDNA concentration and disease severity indicators, LDH and SF. Mutation analysis revealed frequent mutations in B‐cell receptor and NF‐κB signalling pathways, including MYD88 (56%), CD79B (44%), TNFAIP3 (38%) and IRF4 (29%). CNS involvement was significantly related with BCL6 and CD58 mutation. Patients with complicated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis had significantly higher mutation rates in B2M. Comparison with DLBCL subtypes showed distinctive mutation profiles in IVLBCL. Moreover, plasma ctDNA detected more mutations with higher variant allele fraction than tissue DNA, suggesting its superiority in sensitivity and accessibility. Dynamic monitoring of ctDNA during treatment correlated with therapeutic responses. This study revealed the role of ctDNA in IVLBCL diagnosis, mutation analysis, and treatment monitoring, offering a promising avenue for improving patient diagnosis in this rare lymphoma subtype.
Young‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus enhances proteinuria, but not glomerular filtration rate decline: A Japanese cohort study
Authors: Saito Haruka , Tanabe Hayato , Hirai Hiroyuki , Higa Moritake , Tanaka Kenichi , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Maimaituxun Gulinu , Masuzaki Hiroaki , Kazama Junichiro J , Shimabukuro Michio 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionThe time course of chronic kidney disease in young‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus remains unclear. We compared the trajectories of proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline between young‐onset (aged ≤40 years) and late‐onset (aged >40 years) type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Japanese multicenter cohort.Materials and MethodsParticipants without diabetic kidney disease were divided into two groups according to age at diagnosis: young‐ and late‐onset. The primary endpoint was eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, proteinuria or both. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards were calculated to estimate incidence.ResultsAmong 626 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 78 (12.4%) had young‐onset and 548 (87.6%) had late‐onset diabetes. The incidence of eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 was lower (16.7% vs 33.5%, P = 0.003), but that of proteinuria was higher (46.2% vs 28.9%, P = 0.002) in the young‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus group. The Kaplan–Meyer curve showed that young‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with a decreased hazard ratio (HR) for eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and an increased HR for proteinuria compared with late‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the multivariate Cox analysis, young‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus increased the HR (95% confidence interval) of proteinuria (1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.26), but did not change the eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 HR.ConclusionsYoung‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus has a lower HR of eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and an increased HR of proteinuria compared with late‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus, indicating that young‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus has a different time course for the development of proteinuria and subsequent eGFR decline.
An esthetic flap design for surgical endodontics in the anterior zone
Authors: Chen Qiyue , Shen Jun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe an esthetic flap design for surgical endodontics in the anterior zone and to discuss the treatment outcome.Clinical SignificanceTraditional flaps used in apical surgery in the anterior region are created with horizontal and vertical incisions. These incisions do not completely avoid scarring, and may sometimes cause esthetic defects. We describe an envelope flap with no vertical incision for apical surgery in anterior that mainly consists of oblique incision in interproximal papilla. The approach achieve rapid would healing while avoiding scar formation.ConclusionsThe present report describes successfully treated cases of surgical endodontics in the esthetic zone using an envelope flap that the author recommend in order to achieve better esthetic results.
Expanding the opioid use disorder medication treatment workforce in rural communities through the RCORP initiative
Authors: Andrilla C. Holly A. , Woolcock Sara C. , Meyers Kathleen , Patterson Davis G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPurposeThe Rural Communities Opioid Response Program (RCORP) was funded to help rural communities improve prevention, treatment, and recovery services for Opioid Use Disorder (OUD), including increasing the supply of clinicians with a Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) waiver to prescribe buprenorphine, which was required before 2023. This research investigates the impact of RCORP funding on the supply of DEA‐waivered clinicians in rural communities.MethodsWe used 2017–2022 DEA lists of waivered clinicians to assign clinicians to US counties. Using RCORP service area data, we classified rural counties as either being served by an RCORP grantee or not. We calculated the number of counties in each category with a waivered clinician, clinician‐to‐population ratios, and treatment slot‐to‐population ratios.FindingsIn 2017, 3.7% more of RCORP funded counties had a waivered clinician than non‐RCORP counties. RCORP counties also had 1.2 more waivered clinicians per 100,000 population and 57.5 more treatment slots per 100,000 population compared to non‐RCORP counties. From 2017 to 2022, these differences more than doubled. The supply of waivered clinicians varied across Census Divisions. In most Census Divisions, a greater percentage of RCORP counties had a waivered clinician as well as more waivered clinicians and treatment slots per population, except for the Pacific Census Division, which had more clinicians and treatment slots per population in non‐RCORP counties.ConclusionsStudy findings suggest that federal investments to expand rural OUD patients’ access to care may have been successful, but only if increases in clinician supply translate into greater provision of OUD treatment.
A domain adaptation methodology for enhancing the classification of structural condition states in continuously monitored historical domes
Authors: Cavanni V. , Ceravolo R. , Miraglia G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe unavailability of labeled data has always been the main limitation of data‐driven solutions for monitoring the health state of full‐scale structures. In this area, domain adaptation (DA) solutions have occasionally been proposed in recent years, which allow the sharing of data sets between distinct but similar systems. This paper presents a novel computational methodology to evaluate the condition state of historical buildings subjected to continuous monitoring. The DA method, specifically transfer component analysis, is used to maintain correlations between two data domains with low relevance, thereby improving the accuracy of classification models. Additionally, it is shown that the kernelized Bayesian transfer learning can enhance classification accuracy beyond what is achievable with a support vector machine. The paper is completed with a real‐world application to the classification of data sets from two Italian Baroque churches, both characterized by imposing oval masonry domes, but equipped with very different monitoring systems.
Global burden of fungal skin diseases: An update from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019
Authors: Liu Xiaocong , Zhang Yishan , Hong Yujing , Zhang Hong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundFungal skin diseases are the most common and widespread fungal infections, exerting a significant impact on patients' socio‐psychological health and the quality of life.ObjectivesTo assess and compare the global burden of fungal skin diseases in 2019 and over the past 30 years.MethodsData were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Incidence and years lived with disability (YLDs) were used to assess the burden of fungal skin diseases. A total of 204 countries and territories were hierarchically organised into 21 regions and seven super‐regions. Data were presented as absolute numbers and rates per 100,000 population, stratified by sex, age, year and location.ResultsIn 2019, the global incidence rate and YLD rate of fungal skin diseases were 21,277 (95% UI 19 298–23,399) and 42 (95% UI 17–88) per 100,000 population, respectively. Sub‐Saharan Africa bore the heaviest disease burden, especially children aged 5–9 years had a significantly higher incidence rate, YLD rate and YLDs to incidence ratio compared to other regions. Moreover, more than half of the incident cases among the elderly came from high‐income regions and Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Oceania. Over the past 30 years, the number of incident cases and YLDs of fungal skin diseases has been continuously increasing worldwide, but the incidence rates and YLD rates have not shown significant changes.ConclusionsThe global burden of fungal skin diseases has been continuously rising. Children in Sub‐Saharan Africa are experiencing higher disease incidence and severity compared to other regions.
BCAT1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yuan Zhenying , Li Ming , Tang Zhangui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze the expression, biological function of branched chain amino‐acid transaminase 1 (BCAT1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Materials and MethodsReal‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of BCAT1 protein in OSCC and normal oral tissues. Based on the clinicopathological information of patients, the relationship between the expression of BCAT1 protein and other clinicopathological factors was analyzed. Real‐time PCR and western blot assays were used to analyze the expression of BCAT1 gene and protein in normal human oral keratinocytes (HOK) and human OSCC cells, respectively. After BCAT1 overexpression or knockdown, the proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion of human OSCC cells were analyzed by CCK8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell invasion assays, respectively. After adding the BCAT1 inhibitor EGR240 to OSCC cells, the changes in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability in OSCC cells were analyzed. Based on the TCGA database, the involved signal pathway in BCAT1‐related and BCAT1‐binding genes was obtained for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, verified by western blot assays. After inhibiting PI3K, the effect of BCAT1 on the expression of the downstream phosphorylated protein of the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway was analyzed by western blot assays. The relationship between the expression of BCAT1 and EMT‐related protein of OSCC cells was also analyzed.ResultsThe expression of BCAT1 gene and protein were upregulated in OSCC tissue, which positively correlated with the pathological grade of patients with OSCC. Compared with normal oral keratinocytes, BCAT1 gene and protein were upregulated in OSCC cells. BCAT1 overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells. BCAT1 knockdown or inhibition could reduce the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of OSCC cells. The results of bioinformatics analysis and Western bolt showed that BCAT1 could regulate the activation of PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway, and promote epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of OSCC cells.ConclusionsBCAT1 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells via PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway, which is a potential therapeutic target for OSCC.