bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Gastric Cardia Adenocarcinoma Shared Susceptibility Locus in C20orf54: Evidence from Published Studies
Authors: Duan Fujiao , Cui Shuli , Song Chunhua , Zhao Xia , Dai Liping , Shen Yong 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis study aimed to determine whether C20orf54 rs13042395 polymorphism modify the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas (GCA) in common population. We conducted a systematic literature review and evaluated the quality of included studies based on Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated to estimate the strengths of the associations. 9 articles (10 studies) were identified for synthesis analyses. Overall, the results indicated that the C20orf54 rs13042395 genotype was subtly decrease the risk of ESCC (T vs. C: OR = 0.95; 95%CI = 0.90–0.99; P = 0.02) and the rs13042395 polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of GCA (T vs. C: OR = 0.95; 95%CI = 0.91–0.98; P < 0.01). The subsets were divided by smoking and drinking status, but none of the genetic comparisons reached statistical significance. Subgroup analysis was also stratified by body mass index (BMI), rs13042395 polymorphism was significantly associated with a subtly decreased cancer risk in under-weight group and normal group, but no association was observed in over-weight group. In conclusion, C20orf54 rs13042395 polymorphism was significantly associated with decreased ESCC and GCA risk especially for the subjects with under-weight or normal.
Compound 331 selectively induces glioma cell death by upregulating miR-494 and downregulating CDC20
Authors: Zhang Lei , Niu Tianhui , Huang Yafei , Zhu Haichuan , Zhong Wu , Lin Jian , Zhang Yan 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMalignant gliomas are the most common malignant tumors in the central nervous system (CNS). Up to date, the prognosis of glioma is still very poor, effective therapy with less side-effect is very necessary. Herein, we identify a compound named as “331” selectively induced cell death in glioma cells but not in astrocytes. Compound 331 upregulated miR-494 and downregulated CDC20 in glioma cells but not in astrocytes. These results suggest that compound 331 could be a potential drug selectively targeting glioma cells through upregulating miR-494 and downregulating CDC20.
Precipitation deficits increase high diurnal temperature range extremes
Authors: He Bin , Huang Ling , Wang Qianfeng 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe relationship between precipitation deficits and extreme hot temperatures has been documented in observation and modeling studies. However, it is unclear whether and how increases in maximum temperatures will impact diurnal temperature range (DTR) extremes. Here, we used observational data sets from meteorological stations in China to examine the trends in high DTR extremes from 1971 to 2013, represented by the percentage of high DTR days (%HDD) and maximum high DTR duration (MHDD), as well as their relationships with precipitation deficits over the past four decades in China. We identified both positive and negative trends in the %HDD and MHDD in China during each season, implying an inhomogeneous behavior of DTR and DTR extremes. Furthermore, we observed a significant negative relationship between precipitation deficits and the %HDD and MHDD during each season and the relationship was strongest in the summer. The statistical analysis of this coupled behavior indicated that precipitation deficits were related to an increase in high DTR extremes, with a 22% average higher probability of the occurrence of DTR extremes after dry conditions than wet conditions in the summer. Knowledge from this study has important implications for interpreting climate anomalies.
Photocurrent generation in lateral graphene p-n junction created by electron-beam irradiation
Authors: Yu Xuechao , Shen Youde , Liu Tao , Wu Tao , Jie Wang Qi 
Published: July 2015

AbstractGraphene has been considered as an attractive material for optoelectronic applications such as photodetectors owing to its extraordinary properties, e.g. broadband absorption and ultrahigh mobility. However, challenges still remain in fundamental and practical aspects of the conventional graphene photodetectors which normally rely on the photoconductive mode of operation which has the drawback of e.g. high dark current. Here, we demonstrated the photovoltaic mode operation in graphene p-n junctions fabricated by a simple but effective electron irradiation method that induces n-type doping in intrinsic p-type graphene. The physical mechanism of the junction formation is owing to the substrate gating effect caused by electron irradiation. Photoresponse was obtained for this type of photodetector because the photoexcited electron-hole pairs can be separated in the graphene p-n junction by the built-in potential. The fabricated graphene p-n junction photodetectors exhibit a high detectivity up to ~3 × 1010 Jones (cm Hz1/2 W−1) at room temperature, which is on a par with that of the traditional III–V photodetectors. The demonstrated novel and simple scheme for obtaining graphene p-n junctions can be used for other optoelectronic devices such as solar cells and be applied to other two dimensional materials based devices.
Light Effect on Water Viscosity: Implication for ATP Biosynthesis
Authors: Sommer Andrei P. , Haddad Mike Kh. , Fecht Hans-Jörg 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPrevious work assumed that ATP synthase, the smallest known rotary motor in nature, operates at 100% efficiency. Calculations which arrive to this result assume that the water viscosity inside mitochondria is constant and corresponds to that of bulk water. In our opinion this assumption is not satisfactory for two reasons: (1) There is evidence that the water in mitochondria prevails to 100% as interfacial water. (2) Laboratory experiments which explore the properties of interfacial water suggest viscosities which exceed those of bulk water, specifically at hydrophilic interfaces. Here, we wish to suggest a physicochemical mechanism which assumes intramitochondrial water viscosity gradients and consistently explains two cellular responses: The decrease and increase in ATP synthesis in response to reactive oxygen species and non-destructive levels of near-infrared (NIR) laser light, respectively. The mechanism is derived from the results of a new experimental method, which combines the technique of nanoindentation with the modulation of interfacial water layers by laser irradiation. Results, including the elucidation of the principle of light-induced ATP production, are expected to have broad implications in all fields of medicine.
Vascular disease-causing mutation R258C in
ACTA2
disrupts actin dynamics and interaction with myosin
Authors: Lu Hailong , Fagnant Patricia M. , Bookwalter Carol S. , Joel Peteranne , Trybus Kathleen M. 
Published: July 2015

Significance
Point mutations in vascular smooth muscle α-actin are the most prevalent cause of familial thoracic aortic aneurysms leading to acute dissections, yet the molecular mechanism by which these mutations affect actin function is unknown. An underlying cause of the disease is thought to be contractile dysfunction, which initiates adaptive pathways to repair the defects in the smooth muscle cells. Here, we investigate the effects of the R258C mutation, a prevalent mutation in humans with a poor prognosis. The mutant actin shows multiple defects, including impaired interaction with myosin, formation of less stable filaments, and enhanced levels of monomer. These defects are likely to decrease cellular force production and initiate aberrant mechanosensing pathways that culminate in the disease.
LayerCake: a tool for the visual comparison of viral deep sequencing data
Authors: Correll Michael , Bailey Adam L. , Sarikaya Alper , O’Connor David H. , Gleicher Michael 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMotivation: The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has created unprecedented opportunities to examine viral populations within individual hosts, among infected individuals and over time. Comparing sequence variability across viral genomes allows for the construction of complex population structures, the analysis of which can yield powerful biological insights. However, the simultaneous display of sequence variation, coverage depth and quality scores across thousands of bases presents a unique visualization challenge that has not been fully met by current NGS analysis tools.Results: Here, we present LayerCake, a self-contained visualization tool that allows for the rapid analysis of variation in viral NGS data. LayerCake enables the user to simultaneously visualize variations in multiple viral populations across entire genomes within a highly customizable framework, drawing attention to pertinent and interesting patterns of variation. We have successfully deployed LayerCake to assist with a variety of different genomics datasets.Availability and implementation: Program downloads and detailed instructions are available at http://graphics.cs.wisc.edu/WP/layercake under a modified MIT license. LayerCake is a cross-platform tool written in the Processing framework for Java.Contact: mcorrell@cs.wisc.edu
Ability of the Nociception Level, a Multiparameter Composite of Autonomic Signals, to Detect Noxious Stimuli during Propofol–Remifentanil Anesthesia
Authors: Martini Chris H. , Boon Martijn , Broens Suzanne J. L. , Hekkelman Evelien F. , Oudhoff Lisanne A. , Buddeke Anna Willemijn , Dahan Albert 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAbstract
A multidimensional index of nociception level was developed using patients under propofol anesthesia receiving remifentanil infusions at a range of rates. The nociception level was found to be a reliable measure of noxious stimulation and outperformed simpler measures.
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Background:
A novel multidimensional index of nociception, the nociception level (NoL) index, derived from the nonlinear composite of heart rate (HR), HR variability, amplitude of the photoplethysmogram, skin conductance, fluctuations in skin conductance, and their time derivatives, was used to assess nociception during anesthesia.

Methods:
Seventy-two American Society of Anesthesiologists I to III patients received propofol (target bispectral index, 45) and one of six remifentanil target concentrations in the range of 0 to 5 ng/ml. The NoL, mean arterial pressure (MAP; derived from a beat-to-beat finger cuff measurement), and HR were measured during nonnoxious, moderate noxious (skin incision), and intense noxious (intubation) stimulation. Values are represented as average (95% CI).

Results:
NoL, HR, and MAP did not change during nonnoxious events. Incision increased HR by 1.3/min (−0.46 to 3.1/min; not significant), MAP by 7.9 mmHg (−1.9 to 13.0 mmHg; not significant), and NoL by 8.0 (0.4 to 16.0; P < 0.001). Intubation increased HR by 7.0/min (1.4 to 12.0/min; P < 0.001), MAP by 13.0 mmHg (3.1 to 20 mmHg; P < 0.001), and NoL by 18.0 (7.8 to 29.0; P < 0.001). The ΔNoL area under the curve (0.95) of the receiver operating characteristic curve was greater compared with ΔHR (0.84, P < 0.001) and ΔMAP (0.78, P < 0.001). Under nonnociceptive conditions, remifentanil had no effect on NoL, in contrast to HR and MAP that showed a dose-dependent decrease.

Conclusions:
The NoL is a reliable measure of moderate and intense noxious stimulation and outperforms HR and MAP in differentiating noxious from nonnoxious stimuli. In contrast to HR and MAP, the NoL was not affected by hemodynamic effects of remifentanil.
The Icatibant Outcome Survey: treatment of laryngeal angioedema attacks
Authors: Longhurst Hilary J. , Aberer Werner , Bouillet Laurence , Caballero Teresa , Maurer Marcus , Fabien Vincent , Zanichelli Andrea 
Published: July 2015

Objective
To characterize the management and outcomes of life-threatening laryngeal attacks of hereditary angioedema (HAE) treated with icatibant in the observational Icatibant Outcome Survey (NCT01034969) registry.

Methods
This retrospective analysis was based on data from patients with HAE type I/II who received healthcare professional-administered or self-administered icatibant to treat laryngeal attacks between September 2008 and May 2013.

Results
Twenty centers in seven countries contributed data. Overall, 42 patients with HAE experienced 67 icatibant-treated laryngeal attacks. Icatibant was self-administered for 62.3% of attacks (healthcare professional-administered, 37.7%). One icatibant injection was used for 87.9% of attacks, with rescue or concomitant medication used for 9.0%. The median time to treatment was 2.0 h (n=31 attacks) and the median time to resolution was 6.0 h (n=35 attacks).

Conclusions
This analysis describes successful use of icatibant for the treatment of laryngeal HAE attacks in a real-world setting.
Adequacy of Infant Formula With Protein Content of 1.6 g/100 kcal for Infants Between 3 and 12 Months
Authors: Ziegler Ekhard E. , Fields David A. , Chernausek Steven D. , Steenhout Philippe , Grathwohl Dominik , Jeter Janice M. , Nelson Steven E. , Haschke Ferdinand 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:Infant formulas provide more protein than breast milk. High protein intakes may place infants at risk of later obesity. The present study tested whether a formula with protein content below the regulatory level supports normal growth from age 3 months.Methods:Randomized double‐blind trial enrolled healthy infants less than age 3 months. At 3 months, formula‐fed infants were assigned to experimental (EXPL, 1.61 g protein/100 kcal; modified bovine whey proteins with caseinoglycomacropeptide removed) or control (CTRL 2.15 g protein/100 kcal; unmodified bovine milk protein with a whey/casein ratio of 60/40) formula; breast‐fed (BF) infants were enrolled in a reference group. Complementary foods were allowed in small amounts from 4 to 6 months and unrestricted after 6 months.Results:Weight gain (g/day) from 3 to 6 months was similar in the EXPL and CTRL groups (EXPL‐CTRL −0.84 g/day; 95% confidence interval −2.25 to 0.57) and faster in the EXPL and CTRL groups than in the BF group. Weight analyzed longitudinally from 4 to 12 months was lower in the EXPL group than in the CTRL group (P = 0.031) but higher than in the BF group (P < 0.0001). Longitudinal analysis of odds ratios from 4 to 12 months indicated fewer infants with weight >85th percentile in the EXPL group than in the CTRL group (P = 0.015). Length z scores were lower than, and body mass index z scores were similar to, World Health Organization Standards in all of the groups. Serum biochemical parameters in the EXPL group reflected lower protein intake and were closer to parameters in the BF infants than in the CTRL group.Conclusions:A formula with 1.61 g of protein/100 kcal supports normal growth of infants after age 3 months. This protein content is adequate if provided from a high‐quality source.
Predictors of Stunting Among Children Ages 0 to 59 Months in a Rural Region of Armenia
Authors: Demirchyan Anahit , Petrosyan Varduhi , Sargsyan Viktoria , Hekimian Kim 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTObjectives:The prevalence of stunting in Armenia more than doubled since the 1990s. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the predictors of stunting among children younger than 5 years in a rural region of Armenia, Talin, targeted by the World Vision (WV) nutrition interventions.Methods:Anthropometric measurements were conducted among a large representative sample of children 0 to 59 months old to identify the prevalence of stunting. Children identified as stunted were included in a case‐control study as cases and compared with normally growing controls randomly selected from the same pool of children. The mothers of cases and controls were interviewed. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the predictors of stunting.Results:Of 739 measured children, 101 (13.7%) were undernourished, including 94 (12.7%) who were stunted. The fitted logistic regression model identified 7 independent predictors of stunting, of which 4 were protective: mother's height, child's birth length, number of child's hand washings per day, and the full set of WV interventions carried out in the community; whereas 3 were risk factors, that is, never/rarely using soap during hand washing, being the fourth or later child in the family, and family size.Conclusions:The study findings suggest that although WV nutrition interventions have shown impact, there is also a nonnutritional pathway of child stunting in rural Armenia. Thus, antistunting interventions should include sanitation and hygienic measures along with adequate perinatal care and maternal and child nutrition to further reduce childhood stunting, ensuring long‐term health benefits for children not only in rural Armenia but also in rural communities in other low/middle‐income countries.
Use of Biosimilars in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: de Ridder Lissy , Waterman Matti , Turner Dan , Bronsky Jiri , Hauer Almuthe C. , Dias Jorge A. , Strisciuglio Caterina , Ruemmele Frank M. , Levine Arie , Lionetti Paolo ,   ESPGHAN Paediatric IBD Porto Group
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTBecause the patents for biopharmaceutical monoclonal antibodies have or soon will expire, biosimilars are coming to the market. This will most likely lead to decreased drug costs and so easier access to these expensive agents. Extrapolation, however, of the limited available clinical data from adults with rheumatologic diseases to children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) should be done with caution and needs some considerations.Postmarketing surveillance programs for efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity should become mandatory in children with IBD using biosimilars, as for all biological drugs.
Cyberlindnera (Pichia) fabianii infection in a neutropenic child: importance of molecular identification
Authors: Jindal Neerja , Arora Shilpa , Dhuria Nitika , Arora Deepak 
Published: July 2015

Introduction:
The number of fungal infections caused by uncommon fungi has increased in recent years. Cyberlindnera fabianii is a yeast species that is a rare cause of human infections. In previous cases, isolation of Cyberlindnera fabianii has been reported only from blood specimens and only infrequently. This report describes what we believe is the first case of isolation of Cyberlindnera fabianii from a urine specimen of an immunocompromised 5-year-old child who had a history of prolonged hospitalization and exposure to multiple antibacterial agents and who was neutropenic.

Case presentation:
A 5-year-old male child presented in paediatric emergency in a febrile (103 °F), conscious but confused and irritable state. A number of risk factors were present in the child including an immunocompromised state, prolonged prior hospitalization, exposure to multiple antibiotics, indwelling catheters and neutropenia. A urine culture showed pure and significant growth of Candida sp., which was identified as Candida utilis (resistant to amphotericin B) by Vitek 2 Compact (bioMérieux). Subsequent 26S rRNA gene sequencing identified it as Cyberlindnera fabianii.

Conclusion:
Molecular assays have a major role in confirming the identity of uncommon fungal isolates, as correct identification is important for epidemiological purposes. It is imperative that antifungal susceptibility should be performed along with identification of the Candida sp.
Cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae serotype e in a patient with Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus and hypocomplementaemia
Authors: Azar Marwan M. , Folk David , Henderson Triona , Mehra Saral , Vining Eugenia , Banach David B. 
Published: July 2015

Introduction:

Haemophilus influenzae has the potential to lead to invasive disease including necrotizing fasciitis, especially in immunocompromised individuals. There are only eight previous reports of monomicrobial necrotizing fasciitis due to this organism, and, to the best of our knowledge, none of the head and neck. There is also limited epidemiological and clinical data on infections caused by non-b serotypes of H. influenzae, including serotype e.

Case presentation:
A 60-year-old female, with systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome and hypocomplementaemia, presented with rapidly progressive right-sided facial and neck pain, swelling and erythema. She was treated initially with broad-spectrum antibiotics and underwent emergent debridement of the infected tissues. Intraoperative cultures and blood cultures grew H. influenzae. She required two additional debridements and was treated with ceftriaxone for 3 weeks with resolution of her symptoms.

Conclusion:
Here, we present the first reported case, to the best of our knowledge, of cervical necrotizing fasciitis due to H. influenzae serotype e. This case highlights the continued clinical importance of H. influenzae as a cause of invasive disease, including necrotizing fasciitis, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Moreover, the case provides an example of invasive H. influenzae infection caused by a non-b serotype, an emerging concern in the era of widespread H. influenzae serotype b vaccination.
Eight cases of invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae infection from a public teaching medical institution in the USA
Authors: Persichino Jon , Kim Daniel , Lee Hayley , Sutjita Made 
Published: July 2015

Background:

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common human bacterial pathogen known to cause invasive infections such as primary liver abscesses, necrotizing fasciitis, meningitis and endophthalmitis with bacteraemia among patients in eastern Asia. Over the last decade, geographical spread and emergence of invasive K. pneumoniae infection has occurred in the USA. The majority of reported cases involve males with diabetes mellitus, of Asian ethnicity and who have recently travelled to Asia.

Results:
We identified eight invasive cases with liver abscesses and necrotizing fasciitis at our institution. The most common risk factors associated with invasive infection were male gender and diabetes mellitus, which is consistent with other reported cases. However, Caucasians and Hispanics represented the majority of invasive disease (n = 7), and history of recent travel to Asia was not identified in any of the cases.

Discussion:
Further studies with larger cohorts involving multiple healthcare institutions in the USA are warranted to confirm these two unusual characteristics of infection. Healthcare professionals should be informed of the possible association between K. pneumoniae and invasive disease in male diabetic persons of non-Asian descent and without recent travel to Asia in the USA.
Enterovirus-associated supraventricular re-entry tachycardia and hepatitis: a benign course in a 3-month-old female
Authors: Schmidt Beate , Korsch Eckhard , Schildgen Oliver , Schildgen Verena , Brockmann Michael , Weiß Michael 
Published: July 2015

Introduction:
Supraventricular re-entry tachycardia is a common neonatal and childhood illness often based on accessory pathways or dual atrioventricular-nodal physiology. However, there is only a limited description of atrial rhythm disorders associated with enterovirus infection. Publications of concurrent atrial tachyarrhythmia and hepatitis in infants are even rarer.

Case presentation:
We report on a 3-month-old female patient with recurrent supraventricular re-entry tachycardia and concurrent hepatic inflammation due to systemic enterovirus infection.

Conclusion:
Timely diagnosis of multisystem enterovirus infection helps to anticipate complications.