bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Immaculate World: Predestination and Passibility in Contemporary Scotism
Authors: Pomplun Trent 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe Franciscan theologian Duns Scotus (ca.1266–1308) taught the puzzling doctrine that had Adam not sinned, the totus Christus would have been immediately glorified. While the Scotist commentarial tradition developed this idea in several surprising ways, most twentieth‐century Scotists rejected it. This article uses a modern philosophy of counterfactual statements to evaluate the interpretive claims of F. X. Pancheri and Juniper Carol, two prominent twentieth‐century Scotists, and presents a new understanding of the traditional Scotist notion that had Adam not sinned, the Word would have become incarnate in impassible flesh.
Markers for visceral hypersensitivity in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Ludidi S. , Mujagic Z. , Jonkers D. , Keszthelyi D. , Hesselink M. , Kruimel J. , Conchillo J. , Masclee A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a heterogenous disorder with visceral hypersensitivity as important hallmark. It is not known whether IBS patients with visceral hypersensitivity have different epidemiological and clinical characteristics compared with IBS patients without visceral hypersensitivity. Aim of our study was to compare in detail a large group of hyper‐ vs normosensitive IBS patients with respect to epidemiological and clinical characteristics.MethodsIBS patients (Rome III criteria) have been recruited for a large‐scale cohort study. All patients from this cohort who underwent a rectal barostat procedure were included and allocated based on those with and without visceral hypersensitivity. Patient demographics, and symptoms were collected using questionnaires (GSRS, HADS, SF‐36) and a 14‐day symptom diary for IBS‐related symptoms. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify risk markers for having visceral hypersensitivity.Key ResultsNinety‐five normosensitive and 93 hypersensitive IBS patients participated in this study. Hypersensitive patients had significantly higher scores for GSRS abdominal pain (p < 0.05), indigestion, reflux and constipation syndrome (all p < 0.01), and IBS symptom intensity, discomfort (both p < 0.05) and mean symptom composite score (p < 0.01). Age, female sex, and the use of SSRI medication were significantly different between the normo‐ and the hypersensitive IBS patients. However, after adjustment for other risk markers, only increasing age was found to be significantly associated with lower odds for having hypersensitivity (OR 0.97 [95% CI: 0.94; 0.99]).Conclusions & InferencesApart from more severe symptomatology, hypersensitive IBS patients are characterized by significantly younger age compared with normosensitive IBS patients.The study has been registered in the US National Library of Medicine (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00702026).
Expression of bone markers and micro‐CT analysis of alveolar bone during orthodontic relapse
Authors: Franzen T. J. , Monjo M. , Rubert M. , Vandevska‐Radunovic V. 
Published: June 2014

Structured AbstractObjectivesTo investigate biological changes in alveolar bone occurring during orthodontic relapse.Materials and MethodsRat maxillary first molars were moved mesially for 10 days. After orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), appliances were removed, and the molars were allowed to relapse for one, three, five, seven, 14 or 21 days. Changes in 3D morphometric parameters of bone located mesial to the first molars were evaluated by micro‐CT. Total RNA was isolated from the same bone site, and real‐time RT‐PCR was used to measure the expression of bone formation and resorption markers.ResultsOne day after appliance removal, the molars relapsed to a mean 73% of the achieved OTM and then steadily relapsed to 93% at 21 days. Tissue mineral density and per cent bone volume increased over the experimental period. Inversely, there was a decrease in total porosity. Gene expression of OCN, Coll‐I and ALP decreased during OTM, whilst as the molars relapsed showed tended to increase. Gene expression of RANKL and TRAP increased during OTM. Changes in mRNA expression of H+‐ATPase were minor. By 21 days post‐appliance removal, the remodelling process in rats appeared to have returned to control levels.ConclusionsBone tissue reactions on a molecular level are similar during OTM and orthodontic relapse. These findings validate the importance of immediate retention following active OTM.
Use of tranexamic acid in infants undergoing choroid plexus papilloma surgery: a report of two cases
Authors: Phi Ji H. , Goobie Susan M. , Hong Ki H. , Dholakia Ayesha , Smith Edward R. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryChoroid plexus papilloma (CPP) is a highly vascular tumor of infancy. Reducing blood loss is the key to successful surgical removal of CPPs. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is efficacious in reducing bleeding in craniofacial surgery for infants. This report demonstrates the potential utility of TXA for decreasing blood loss in the removal of vascular tumors in infants. We administered tranexamic acid to two infants with CPP during surgical removal to potentially aid hemostasis and therefore lessen intra‐operative bleeding. Gross total surgical resection was accomplished; the patients were hemodynamically stable perioperatively, and the total calculated blood loss was minimal at <20% of the patients’ total circulating blood volume. This is the first report of tranexamic acid administration for CPP surgery in children. TXA is an easily administered hemostatic agent and may merit further study as an agent to help reduce intra‐operative blood loss in this vulnerable population.
Imatinib Mesylate–Induced Pseudoporphyria in Two Children
Authors: Mahon Caroline , Purvis Diana , Laughton Stephen , Bradbeer Peter , Teague Lochie 
Published: June 2014

AbstractImatinib mesylate was the first of several tyrosine kinase inhibitors approved for use in the treatment of a number of human cancers. Adverse cutaneous reactions to imatinib are common. Pseudoporphyria has been infrequently reported in adults undergoing imatinib therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia. We present two children with pseudoporphyria induced by imatinib therapy for hematologic malignancies. In view of the burgeoning use of imatinib in children, physicians should be aware that pseudoporphyria may develop as a consequence of imatinib therapy.
Restriction and dependence to autonomy and freedom: Transformation in adolescent heart transplant recipients
Authors: Adams Joanna , Evangeli Michael , Lunnon‐Wood Tracy , Burch Michael 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe process of heart transplantation poses numerous challenges and adaptive tasks for paediatric patients and their families. Few studies have examined how the experience of transplant interacts with developmental transitions such as adolescence, a period of significant change, and adjustment in itself. We explored adolescent heart transplant recipients' and their parents' experience of transplant from the point at which their heart condition was diagnosed to several months after transplantation. We adopted a developmental focus, to consider how participants negotiated the tasks of adolescence in the context of their transplant experiences. A qualitative approach was used to interview five adolescent–parent dyads, who reported few post‐transplant complications, and the data were analysed according to the principles of IPA. Our findings revealed transplant to be a transformative experience, with two themes marking a contrast between pre‐ and post‐transplant states: “Restriction and Dependence” and “Autonomy and Freedom.” The themes are considered in relation to adolescent development. We propose that clinicians working with paediatric heart transplant recipients and their families need to consider the particular developmental challenges faced by adolescent patients and view the attainment of developmental milestones alongside physical and psychological markers of successful adjustment.
Registration And Visualisation Of Deformation Maps From Terrestrial Radar Interferometry Using Photogrammetry And Structure From Motion
Authors: Caduff Rafael , Rieke‐Zapp Dirk 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThis paper describes a general workflow for the registration of terrestrial radar interferometric data with 3D point clouds derived from terrestrial photogrammetry and structure from motion. After the determination of intrinsic and extrinsic orientation parameters, data obtained by terrestrial radar interferometry were projected on point clouds and then on the initial photographs. Visualisation of slope deformation measurements on photographs provides an easily understandable and distributable information product, especially of inaccessible target areas such as steep rock walls or in rockfall run‐out zones. The suitability and error propagation of the referencing steps and final visualisation of four approaches are compared: (a) the classic approach using a metric camera and stereo‐image photogrammetry; (b) images acquired with a metric camera, automatically processed using structure from motion; (c) images acquired with a digital compact camera, processed with structure from motion; and (d) a markerless approach, using images acquired with a digital compact camera using structure from motion without artificial ground control points. The usability of the completely markerless approach for the visualisation of high‐resolution radar interferometry assists the production of visualisation products for interpretation.
State of the art in high density image matching
Authors: Remondino Fabio , Spera Maria Grazia , Nocerino Erica , Menna Fabio , Nex Francesco 
Published: June 2014

AbstractImage matching has a history of more than 50 years, with the first experiments performed with analogue procedures for cartographic and mapping purposes. The recent integration of computer vision algorithms and photogrammetric methods is leading to interesting procedures which have increasingly automated the entire image‐based 3D modelling process. Image matching is one of the key steps in 3D modelling and mapping. This paper presents a critical review and analysis of four dense image‐matching algorithms, available as open‐source and commercial software, for the generation of dense point clouds. The eight datasets employed include scenes recorded from terrestrial and aerial blocks, acquired with convergent and normal (parallel axes) images, and with different scales. Geometric analyses are reported in which the point clouds produced with each of the different algorithms are compared with one another and also to ground‐truth data.
Comparative Phenotypic and Genotypic Analyses of Salmonella Rissen that Originated from Food Animals in Thailand and United States
Authors: Pornsukarom S. , Patchanee P. , Erdman M. , Cray P. F. , Wittum T. , Lee J. , Gebreyes W. A. 
Published: June 2014

SummarySalmonella enterica serovar Rissen has been recognized as one of the most common serovar among humans and pork production systems in different parts of the world, especially Asia. In the United States, this serovar caused outbreaks but its epidemiologic significance remains unknown. The objectives of this study were to compare the phenotypic (antimicrobial susceptibility) and genotypic attributes of Salmonella Rissen isolated in Thailand (Thai) and the United States (US). All the Thai isolates (n = 30) were recovered from swine faecal samples. The US isolates (n = 35) were recovered from swine faecal samples (n = 29), cattle (n = 2), chicken (n = 2), dog (n = 1) and a ready‐to‐eat product (n = 1). The antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates was determined using the Kirby‐Bauer disk diffusion method with a panel of 12 antimicrobials. Pulse‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to determine the genotypic diversity of isolates. All Thai isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR) with the most frequent antibiotic resistance shown against ampicillin (100%), sulfisoxazole (96.7%), tetracycline (93.3%), streptomycin (90%) and chloramphenicol (30%). About half of the isolates of USA origin were pan‐susceptible and roughly 30% were resistant to only tetracycline (R‐type: Te). Salmonella Rissen isolated from Thailand and the USA in this study were found to be clonally unrelated. Genotypic analyses indicated that isolates were clustered primarily based on the geographic origin implying the limited clonality among the strains. Clonal relatedness among different host species within the same geography (USA) was found. We found genotypic similarity in Thai and US isolates in few instances but with no epidemiological link. Further studies to assess propensity for increased inter‐regional transmission and dissemination is warranted.
Tonic arterial chemoreceptor activity contributes to cardiac sympathetic activation in mild ovine heart failure
Authors: Xing Daniel T. , May Clive N. , Booth Lindsea C. , Ramchandra Rohit 
Published: June 2014

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
What is the role of the peripheral chemoreflex in driving the increased levels of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in heart failure?
What is the main finding and its importance?
We show that chemoreceptor deactivation by hyperoxia significantly decreased the elevated levels of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and heart rate in mild ovine heart failure. Our findings suggest that interventional strategies that reduce chemoreceptor afferent activity in heart failure will reduce the elevated level of cardiac sympathetic drive and its associated detrimental effects.
Heart failure (HF) is associated with a large increase in cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA), which has detrimental effects on the heart and promotes arrhythmias and sudden death. There is increasing evidence that arterial chemoreceptor activation plays an important role in stimulating renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and muscle sympathetic nerve activity in HF. Given that sympathetic nerve activity to individual organs is differentially controlled, we investigated whether tonic arterial chemoreceptor activation contributes to the increased CSNA in HF. We recorded CSNA and RSNA in conscious normal sheep and in sheep with mild HF induced by rapid ventricular pacing (ejection fraction <40%). Tonic arterial chemoreceptor function was evaluated by supplementing room air with 100% intranasal oxygen (2–3 l min−1) for 20 min, thereby deactivating chemoreceptors. The effects of hyperoxia on resting levels and baroreflex control of heart rate, CSNA and RSNA were determined. In HF, chemoreceptor deactivation induced by hyperoxia significantly reduced CSNA [90 ± 2 versus 75 ± 5 bursts (100 heart beats)−1, P < 0.05, n = 10; room air versus hyperoxia] and heart rate (96 ± 4 versus 85 ± 4 beats min−1, P < 0.001, n = 12). There was no change in RSNA burst incidence [93 ± 4 versus 92 ± 4 bursts (100 heart beats)−1, n = 7], although due to the bradycardia the RSNA burst frequency was decreased (90 ± 8 versus 77 ± 7 bursts min−1, P < 0.001). In normal sheep, chemoreceptor deactivation reduced heart rate without a significant effect on CSNA or RSNA. In summary, deactivation of peripheral chemoreceptors during HF reduced the elevated levels of CSNA, indicating that tonic arterial chemoreceptor activation plays a critical role in stimulating the elevated CSNA in HF.
Sporadic Distribution and Distinctive Variations of Cylindrospermopsin Genes in Cyanobacterial Strains and Environmental Samples from Chinese Freshwater Bodies
Authors: Jiang Yongguang , Xiao Peng , Yu Gongliang , Shao Jihai , Liu Deming , Azevedo Sandra M. F. O. , Li Renhui 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Increasing reports of cylindrospermopsins (CYNs) in freshwater ecosystems have promoted the demand for identifying all of the potential CYN-producing cyanobacterial species. The present study explored the phylogenetic distribution and evolution of
cyr
genes in cyanobacterial strains and water samples from China. Four
Cylindrospermopsis
strains and two
Raphidiopsis
strains were confirmed to produce CYNs. Mutant
cyrI
and
cyrK
genes were observed in these strains. Cloned
cyr
gene sequences from eight water bodies were clustered with
cyr
genes from
Cylindrospermopsis
and
Raphidiopsis
(C/R group) in the phylogenetic trees with high similarities (99%). Four
cyrI
sequence types and three
cyrJ
sequence types were observed to have different sequence insertions and repeats. Phylogenetic analysis of the
rpoC1
sequences of the C/R group revealed four conserved clades, namely, clade I, clade II, clade III, and clade V. High sequence similarities (>97%) in each clade and a divergent clade IV were observed. Therefore, CYN producers were sporadically distributed in congeneric and paraphyletic C/R group species in Chinese freshwater ecosystems. In the evolution of
cyr
genes, intragenomic translocations and intergenomic transfer between local
Cylindrospermopsis
and
Raphidiopsis
were emphasized and probably mediated by transposases. This research confirms the existence of CYN-producing
Cylindrospermopsis
in China and reveals the distinctive variations of
cyr
genes.
Novel Three-Component Rieske Non-Heme Iron Oxygenase System Catalyzing the
N
-Dealkylation of Chloroacetanilide Herbicides in Sphingomonads DC-6 and DC-2
Authors: Chen Qing , Wang Cheng-Hong , Deng Shi-Kai , Wu Ya-Dong , Li Yi , Yao Li , Jiang Jian-Dong , Yan Xin , He Jian , Li Shun-Peng 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Sphingomonads DC-6 and DC-2 degrade the chloroacetanilide herbicides alachlor, acetochlor, and butachlor via
N
-dealkylation. In this study, we report a three-component Rieske non-heme iron oxygenase (RHO) system catalyzing the
N
-dealkylation of these herbicides. The oxygenase component gene
cndA
is located in a transposable element that is highly conserved in the two strains. CndA shares 24 to 42% amino acid sequence identities with the oxygenase components of some RHOs that catalyze
N
- or
O
-demethylation. Two putative [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin genes and one glutathione reductase (GR)-type reductase gene were retrieved from the genome of each strain. These genes were not located in the immediate vicinity of
cndA
. The four ferredoxins share 64 to 72% amino acid sequence identities to the ferredoxin component of dicamba
O
-demethylase (DMO), and the two reductases share 62 to 65% amino acid sequence identities to the reductase component of DMO.
cndA
, the four ferredoxin genes, and the two reductases genes were expressed in
Escherichia coli
, and the recombinant proteins were purified using Ni-affinity chromatography. The individual components or the components in pairs displayed no activity; the enzyme mixture showed
N
-dealkylase activities toward alachlor, acetochlor, and butachlor only when CndA-His
6
was combined with one of the four ferredoxins and one of the two reductases, suggesting that the enzyme consists of three components, a homo-oligomer oxygenase, a [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin, and a GR-type reductase, and CndA has a low specificity for the electron transport component (ETC). The
N
-dealkylase utilizes NADH, but not NADPH, as the electron donor.
Metaproteomic Identification of Diazotrophic Methanotrophs and Their Localization in Root Tissues of Field-Grown Rice Plants
Authors: Bao Zhihua , Okubo Takashi , Kubota Kengo , Kasahara Yasuhiro , Tsurumaru Hirohito , Anda Mizue , Ikeda Seishi , Minamisawa Kiwamu 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

In a previous study by our group, CH
4
oxidation and N
2
fixation were simultaneously activated in the roots of wild-type rice plants in a paddy field with no N input; both processes are likely controlled by a rice gene for microbial symbiosis. The present study examined which microorganisms in rice roots were responsible for CH
4
oxidation and N
2
fixation under the field conditions. Metaproteomic analysis of root-associated bacteria from field-grown rice (
Oryza sativa
Nipponbare) revealed that nitrogenase complex-containing nitrogenase reductase (NifH) and the alpha subunit (NifD) and beta subunit (NifK) of dinitrogenase were mainly derived from type II methanotrophic bacteria of the family
Methylocystaceae
, including
Methylosinus
spp. Minor nitrogenase proteins such as
Methylocella
,
Bradyrhizobium
,
Rhodopseudomonas
, and
Anaeromyxobacter
were also detected. Methane monooxygenase proteins (PmoCBA and MmoXYZCBG) were detected in the same bacterial group of the
Methylocystaceae
. Because these results indicated that
Methylocystaceae
members mediate both CH
4
oxidation and N
2
fixation, we examined their localization in rice tissues by using catalyzed reporter deposition-fluorescence
in situ
hybridization (CARD-FISH). The methanotrophs were localized around the epidermal cells and vascular cylinder in the root tissues of the field-grown rice plants. Our metaproteomics and CARD-FISH results suggest that CH
4
oxidation and N
2
fixation are performed mainly by type II methanotrophs of the
Methylocystaceae
, including
Methylosinus
spp., inhabiting the vascular bundles and epidermal cells of rice roots.
Alternative Sigma Factors SigF, SigE, and SigG Are Essential for Sporulation in Clostridium botulinum ATCC 3502
Authors: Kirk David G. , Zhang Zhen , Korkeala Hannu , Lindström Miia 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACT

Clostridium botulinum
produces heat-resistant endospores that may germinate and outgrow into neurotoxic cultures in foods. Sporulation is regulated by the transcription factor Spo0A and the alternative sigma factors SigF, SigE, SigG, and SigK in most spore formers studied to date. We constructed mutants of
sigF
,
sigE
, and
sigG
in
C. botulinum
ATCC 3502 and used quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR and electron microscopy to assess their expression of the sporulation pathway on transcriptional and morphological levels. In all three mutants the expression of
spo0A
was disrupted. The
sigF
and
sigE
mutants failed to induce
sigG
and
sigK
beyond exponential-phase levels and halted sporulation during asymmetric cell division. In the
sigG
mutant, peak transcription of
sigE
was delayed and
sigK
levels remained lower than that in the parent strain. The
sigG
mutant forespore was engulfed by the mother cell and possessed a spore coat but no peptidoglycan cortex. The findings suggest that SigF and SigE of
C. botulinum
ATCC 3502 are essential for early sporulation and late-stage induction of
sigK
, whereas SigG is essential for spore cortex formation but not for coat formation, as opposed to previous observations in
B. subtilis sigG
mutants. Our findings add to a growing body of evidence that regulation of sporulation in
C. botulinum
ATCC 3502, and among the clostridia, differs from the
B. subtilis
model.