bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variable Iron Mineralogy and Redox Conditions Recorded in Ancient Rocks Measured by In Situ Visible/Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy at Jezero Crater, Mars
Authors: Mandon L. , Ehlmann B. L. , Wiens R. C. , Garczynski B. J. , Horgan B. H. N. , Fouchet T. , Loche M. , Dehouck E. , Gasda P. , Johnson J. R. , Broz A. , Núñez J. I. , Rice M. S. , Vaughan A. , Royer C. , Gómez F. , Annex A. M. , Beyssac O. , Forni O. , Brown A. , Bell J. F. , Maurice S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUsing relative reflectance measurements from the Mastcam‐Z and SuperCam instruments on the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover, we assess the variability of Fe mineralogy in Noachian/Hesperian‐aged rocks at Jezero crater. The results reveal diverse Fe3+ and Fe2+ minerals. The igneous crater floor, where small amounts of Fe3+‐phyllosilicates and poorly crystalline Fe3+‐oxyhydroxides have been reported, is spectrally similar to most oxidized basalts observed at Gusev crater. At the base of the western Jezero sedimentary fan, new spectral type points to an Fe‐bearing mineral assemblage likely dominated by Fe2+. By contrast, most strata exposed at the fan front show signatures of Fe3+‐oxides (mostly fine‐grained crystalline hematite), Fe3+‐sulfates (potentially copiapites), strong signatures of hydration, and among the strongest signatures of red hematite observed in situ, consistent with materials having experienced vigorous water‐rock interactions and/or higher degrees of diagenesis under oxidizing conditions. The fan top strata show hydration but little to no signs of Fe oxidation likely implying that some periods of fan construction occurred either during a reduced atmosphere era or during short‐lived aqueous activity of liquid water in contact with an oxidized atmosphere. We also report the discovery of alternating cm‐scale bands of red and gray layers correlated with hydration and oxide variability, which has not yet been observed elsewhere on Mars. This could result from syn‐depositional fluid chemistry variations, possibly as seasonal processes, or diagenetic overprint of oxidized fluids percolating through strata having variable permeability.
Hydrodynamics Control Nitrous Oxide Production in Eutrophic Coastal Permeable Sediments
Authors: Fowdar Harsha , Grant Stanley B. , Wong Wei Wen , Kessler Adam , Cook Perran 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPermeable sediments, which make up almost half of the continental shelf worldwide, are potential sources of the important greenhouse gas N2O from coastal regions. Yet, the extent to which interactions between these sediments and anthropogenic pollution produce N2O is still unknown. Here we use laboratory experiments and modeling to explore the factors controlling N2O production at a eutrophic site in a temperate shallow marine embayment (Port Phillip Bay, Australia). Our results show that denitrification is the main source of N2O production within permeable sediments, but the extent to which N2O is actually released is determined by the rate of seawater exchange with the sediment bed (which governs solute residence time within the bed). In wave‐dominated coastal areas, shallower water with more intense waves (wave height > 1 m) release the most N2O, with up to 0.5% of dissolved inorganic nitrogen pumped into biologically active eutrophic sediment being released as N2O. Our results suggest rates of N2O production in coastal permeable sediments are generally low compared to other environments.
One Martian Year of Near‐Surface Temperatures at Jezero From MEDA Measurements on Mars2020/Perseverance
Authors: Munguira A. , Hueso R. , Sánchez‐Lavega A. , Toledo D. , de la Torre Juárez M. , Vicente‐Retortillo A. , Martínez G. M. , Bertrand T. , del Rio‐Gaztelurrutia T. , Sebastián E. , Lemmon M. , Pla‐García J. , Rodríguez‐Manfredi J. A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMeasurements of ground and near surface atmospheric temperatures at Jezero obtained during 700 sols by the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) characterize the thermal behavior of the near surface Martian atmosphere during a full Martian Year. The seasonal evolution of MEDA measurements is compared with predictions from the Mars Climate Database and the solar irradiance at the surface. Thermal tides observed in the daily cycle of temperatures follow a seasonal cycle with additional variations greater than 2 K on time‐scales of tens of sols. We also observe sol‐to‐sol variations of about 1 K in mean daily air temperatures in autumn and winter with periodicities of 4–7 sols that might be related to baroclinic disturbances that are frequent in those seasons at high latitudes. We examine the evolution of the vertical thermal gradient and temperature fluctuations without finding a seasonal response to irradiance and dust load. We find that the convective boundary layer becomes isothermal and collapses 1 hr before sunset except during northern hemisphere winter, when the collapse occurs closer to sunset, implying a longer duration of the daytime convective instability. Around this period, the rover was located in the delta front in a location of complex topography where we observed stronger thermal gradients and intense daytime air temperature fluctuations. We also find in this place a nighttime event of gravity waves on near‐surface air temperatures, with amplitudes of 2 K and periods of 10 min. These waves possibly propagate downward through a near isothermal stable layer.
A single-cell pan-cancer analysis to show the variability of tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells in immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Li Weiyuan , Pan Lu , Hong Weifeng , Ginhoux Florent , Zhang Xuan , Xiao Chunjie , Li Xuexin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMyeloid cells are vital components of the immune system and have pivotal functions in orchestrating immune responses. Understanding their functions within the tumor microenvironment and their interactions with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes presents formidable challenges across diverse cancer types, particularly with regards to cancer immunotherapies. Here, we explore tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells (TIMs) by conducting a pan-cancer analysis using single-cell transcriptomics across eight distinct cancer types, encompassing a total of 192 tumor samples from 129 patients. By examining gene expression patterns and transcriptional activities of TIMs in different cancer types, we discern notable alterations in abundance of TIMs and kinetic behaviors prior to and following immunotherapy. We also identify specific cell-cell interaction targets in immunotherapy; unique and shared regulatory profiles critical for treatment response; and TIMs associated with survival outcomes. Overall, our study illuminates the heterogeneity of TIMs and improves our understanding of tissue-specific and cancer-specific myeloid subsets within the context of tumor immunotherapies.
UNet-like network fused swin transformer and CNN for semantic image synthesis
Authors: Ke Aihua , Luo Jian , Cai Bo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSemantic image synthesis approaches has been dominated by the modelling of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Due to the limitations of local perception, their performance improvement seems to have plateaued in recent years. To tackle this issue, we propose the SC-UNet model, which is a UNet-like network fused Swin Transformer and CNN for semantic image synthesis. Photorealistic image synthesis conditional on the given semantic layout depends on the high-level semantics and the low-level positions. To improve the synthesis performance, we design a novel conditional residual fusion module for the model decoder to efficiently fuse the hierarchical feature maps extracted at different scales. Moreover, this module combines the opposition-based learning mechanism and the weight assignment mechanism for enhancing and attending the semantic information. Compared to pure CNN-based models, our SC-UNet combines the local and global perceptions to better extract high- and low-level features and better fuse multi-scale features. We have conducted an extensive amount of comparison experiments, both in quantitative and qualitative terms, to validate the effectiveness of our proposed SC-UNet model for semantic image synthesis. The outcomes illustrate that SC-UNet distinctively outperforms the state-of-the-art model on three benchmark datasets (Citysacpes, ADE20K, and COCO-Stuff) including numerous real-scene images.
An untargeted cultivation approach revealed Pseudogemmatithrix spongiicola gen. nov., sp. nov., and sheds light on the gemmatimonadotal mode of cell division: binary fission
Authors: Haufschild Tom , Kallscheuer Nicolai , Hammer Jonathan , Kohn Timo , Kabuu Moses , Jogler Mareike , Wohlfarth Nicole , Rohde Manfred , van Teeseling Muriel C. F. , Jogler Christian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMembers of the phylum Gemmatimonadota can account for up to 10% of the phylogenetic diversity in bacterial communities. However, a detailed investigation of their cell biology and ecological roles is restricted by currently only six characterized species. By combining low-nutrient media, empirically determined inoculation volumes and long incubation times in a 96-well plate cultivation platform, we isolated two strains from a limnic sponge that belong to this under-studied phylum. The characterization suggests that the two closely related strains constitute a novel species of a novel genus, for which we introduce the name Pseudogemmatithrix spongiicola. The here demonstrated isolation of novel members from an under-studied bacterial phylum substantiates that the cultivation platform can provide access to axenic bacterial cultures from various environmental samples. Similar to previously described members of the phylum, the novel isolates form spherical appendages at the cell poles that were believed to be daughter cells resulting from asymmetric cell division by budding. However, time-lapse microscopy experiments and quantitative image analysis showed that the spherical appendages never grew or divided. Although the role of these spherical cells remains enigmatic, our data suggests that cells of the phylum Gemmatimonadota divide via FtsZ-based binary fission with different division plane localization patterns than in other bacterial phyla.
A new Activity Monitor for Aquatic Zooplankter (AMAZE) allows the recording of swimming activity in wild-caught Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba)
Authors: Hüppe Lukas , Bahlburg Dominik , Busack Michael , Lemburg Johannes , Payton Laura , Reinhard Nils , Rieger Dirk , Helfrich-Förster Charlotte , Meyer Bettina 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAntarctic krill (Euphausia superba, hereafter krill) is a pelagic living crustacean and a key species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. Krill builds up a huge biomass and its synchronized behavioral patterns, such as diel vertical migration (DVM), substantially impact ecosystem structure and carbon sequestration. However, the mechanistic basis of krill DVM is unknown and previous studies of krill behavior in the laboratory were challenged by complex behavior and large variability. Using a new experimental set-up, we recorded the swimming activity of individual wild-caught krill under light–dark cycles. Krill individuals exhibited differential phototactic responses to the light regime provided. However, using a new activity metric, we showed for the first time a consistent nocturnal increase in krill swimming activity in a controlled environment. Krill swimming activity in the new set-up was strongly synchronized with the light–dark cycle, similar to the diel vertical migration pattern of krill in the field when the krill were sampled for the experiment, demonstrated by hydroacoustic recordings. The new set-up presents a promising tool for investigating the mechanisms underlying krill behavioral patterns, which will increase our understanding of ecological interactions, the spatial distribution of populations, and their effects on biogeochemical cycles in the future.
Antibacterial and rapidly absorbable hemostatic sponge by aldehyde modification of natural polysaccharide
Authors: Zhang Jinrun , Chen Zenghui , Zeng Dejie , Xia Yuman , Fan Yizhuo , Zhang Xinyu , Li Nan , Liu Xiaofen , Sun Xiaqing , Zhao Shibing , Zhang Jianfa , Liu Junhao , Sun Qi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMassive hemorrhage following tissue trauma has high mortality owing to the lack of timely intervention. However, research on utilizing hemostats for humans is limited; therefore, developing an efficient emergency hemostatic agent is imperative. We developed a hemostatic sponge using natural polysaccharide riclin, theoretically modified with 50% aldehyde content (AR50). The AR50 sponge, with quasi-honeycomb channels and appropriate aldehyde content, exhibits ultra-high blood absorption (59.4 g·g−1) and rapidly targets erythrocytes and platelets to form a stable barrier. It surpasses most commercial hemostats in porcine artery scission (reducing hemostasis time and blood loss by 53 s and 4.2 g), hepatic bleeding laceration (68 s and 2.6 g), and perforation models (140 s and 4.9 g). The AR50 sponge is easily removed post hemostasis, exhibits antibacterial properties by destroying bacterial cell walls, and is safely absorbed by day 5, making it an ideal emergency hemostatic agent for massive hemorrhages in humans.
The discursive framing of European integration in EU-wide media: actors, narratives and policies following the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Capati Andrea 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article examines how major EU-wide media discursively framed European integration in terms of prevalent actors, narratives and policy areas in the context of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Based on the combination of theoretical insights from discursive institutionalism and the grand theories of European integration, the article performs a qualitative analysis of textual content in six of the most influential EU-wide media sources as of 2023, taking the form of a competitive theory testing. Challenging the established literature on EU-related national media coverage, it finds that, consistently with discursive neo-functionalism, the Russian military aggression of Ukraine has led to the discursive empowerment of EU supranational actors, most notably the European Commission, and to an increased salience of more European integration and transnational solidarity narratives. This has happened despite the fact that the conflict was mainly framed as falling within the realm of intergovernmental policy areas, such as energy policy, security and defence.
Foster parents’ experiences with animal companions while fostering children and youth
Authors: Wiens Jeanette , Pearson T. , Whalen C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This qualitative exploratory inquiry examined foster parents’ perspectives of the impact companion animals had on the children/youth in their care. Six foster parents were interviewed and six themes, including 12 subthemes, were uncovered: (1) provision of companionship (unconditional love); (2) strengthening of the foster home environment (environmental connection, increased feelings of safety); (3) teaching empathy (responsibility, compassion); (4) emotional regulation (grief, emotional support, calming presence); (5) benefits to foster parents (friendship, affection, emotional support, additional support); and (6) challenges. These findings have important implications for social work practice. Specific recommendations based on the findings are presented.
Altered Domesticities
Authors: Gould Philip 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers Alcott’s wartime magazine fiction’s complex engagements with the new relations the war created between the government and traditional domestic norms. It reads Alcott’s fiction, which is openly loyal to the Union, in context of Union propaganda, and argues that Alcott contests the reduction of the home to wartime demands of military necessity and political loyalty. In such works as “On Picket Duty,” “Love and Loyalty,” “The Blue and the Grey,” and “My Red Cap,” Alcott carefully calibrates domestic and political modes of affiliation and the very meanings of love and loyalty. Rather than see the Civil War as Alcott’s emancipation from domestic pressures, as many critics do, this chapter argues that the war presents the occasion to rethink the norms of domestic love in a time of civil conflict.
Race, Violence, and African-American Citizenship
Authors: Gould Philip 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This chapter turns to African-American writing about Black military service as the presumed means for attaining US citizenship. The failure of this promise is the ground for its readings of African-American convention proceedings, petitions, newspaper reports, as well as important writings by Frederick Douglass, William Wells Brown, and Frances Ellen Watkins Harper. It focuses on this writing’s complex engagements with racial citizenship in a time of war and reconstruction. My reading of this literature takes up questions of state-sponsored violence as the grounds for identifying African-American subjectivity. This chapter takes it cue from Lincoln’s rationale for using Black troops as a “force” or “element” to utilize against the Confederacy. This provides a context for reading Douglass’s and Brown’s contrasting and deliberate investments in heroic Black manhood. The chapter concludes by contrasting their rhetorical and political strategies with Harper’s reevaluation of this androcentric model of racial manhood.
FireSync EMS: A Novel Mobile Application for Burn Surface Area Calculation
Authors: Malkoff Nicolas , Cannata Brigette , Wang Sarah , Manasyan Artur , Maestas Joseph , Pickering Trevor A , Koegler Lyle , Kashani Saman , Johnson Maxwell B , Yenikomshian Haig A , Gillenwater T Justin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The percent total body surface area (TBSA) burned is a critical determinant of the required level of care, initial management, and prognosis in patients with burns. The current gold standard for estimating this measurement, the Lund–Browder (LB) chart, requires familiarity with its construction and may not be practical for use by first responders in the field. In this study, we present a novel burn surface area calculator mobile application developed for first responders and validate its accuracy. Infant, pediatric, and adult manikins were fabricated with 8 simulated burns of varying sizes and distributions. In total, 42 preclinical medical students and firefighters were tasked with estimating the TBSA of each burn using both the FireSync EMS app and LB chart. Univariate analysis and mixed-effects linear regression modeling were performed to compare the accuracy of both methods in relation to user experience, manikin size, and burn size. FireSync EMS significantly reduced overestimation bias (0.11%, SD 2.33 vs 0.91%, SD 4.12, P = .002), particularly for burns on child-size manikins (P &lt; .001) and burns involving &lt;10% (P = .005) and &gt;20% (P = .030) TBSA. Multivariable modeling revealed that the LB chart was an independent determinant of the magnitude of estimation error, with a 1.19 times multiplicative effect relative to FireSync EMS (P &lt; .001). The participants overwhelmingly found FireSync EMS easier, more intuitive, faster, and preferable (P &lt; .001 for all). FireSync EMS may be an easier, faster, and more accurate alternative to the LB chart for estimation of the TBSA burned.
Oocyte-specific EXOC5 expression is required for mouse oogenesis and folliculogenesis
Authors: Wu Hongwen , Nguyen Hieu , Hashim Prianka H , Fogelgren Ben , Duncan Francesca E , Ward W Steven 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
EXOC5 is a crucial component of a large multi-subunit tethering complex, the exocyst complex, that is required for fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane. Exoc5 deleted mice die as early embryos. Therefore, to determine the role of EXOC5 in follicular and oocyte development, it was necessary to produce a conditional knockout (cKO), Zp3-Exoc5-cKO, in which Exoc5 was deleted only in oocytes. The first wave of folliculogenesis appeared histologically normal and progressed to the antral stage. However, after IVF with normal sperm, oocytes collected from the first wave (superovulated 21-day-old cKO mice) were shown to be developmentally incompetent. Adult follicular waves did not progress beyond the secondary follicle stage where they underwent apoptosis. Female cKO mice were infertile. Overall, these data suggest that the first wave of folliculogenesis is less sensitive to oocyte-specific loss of Exoc5, but the resulting gametes have reduced developmental competence. In contrast, subsequent waves of folliculogenesis require oocyte-specific Exoc5 for development past the preantral follicle stage. The Zp3-Exoc5-cKO mouse provides a model for disrupting folliculogenesis that also enables the separation between the first and subsequent waves of folliculogenesis.
First Complete Genome Sequence Resource of a Potyvirus lactucae Isolate from the United States of America
Authors: Reddy Kishorekumar , Kunda Divya , Gilbertson Robert L. , McDonald Karen A. , Nandi Somen , Sudarshana Mysore R. 
Published: July 2024

Potyvirus lactucae, lettuce mosaic virus (LMV), is a devastating pathogen that impacts commercial lettuce production. The complete genome sequence of an LMV isolate from a romaine lettuce plant (LMV-R) collected in 1994 in the Salinas Valley of California was determined by RNA-seq and Sanger sequencing, followed by 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The genome of LMV-R consists of 10,080 nucleotides and shares the highest nucleotide identity with LMV isolate CL208 from Chile (97.2%) (GenBank accession KJ161176.1). The LMV-R genome encodes for a single large polypeptide (UED15646) with putative proteolytic cleavage sites and showed 98.9% amino acid (aa) identity to a Turkish isolate (UEP55410) and 98.71% aa identity a to Chilean isolate (AIB00275). The sequence and phylogenetic analysis highlight the close association between LMV-R from the United States and CL208 of Chile, indicating that LMV-R might have been exchanged between North America and South America through international trade. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Bioinformatic approaches of liquid–liquid phase separation in human disease
Authors: Sun Jun , Chen Yilong , Bi Ruiye , Yuan Yong , Yu Haopeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Biomolecular aggregation within cellular environments via liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) spontaneously forms droplet-like structures, which play pivotal roles in diverse biological processes. These structures are closely associated with a range of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cancer and infectious diseases, highlighting the significance of understanding LLPS mechanisms for elucidating disease pathogenesis, and exploring potential therapeutic interventions. In this review, we delineate recent advancements in LLPS research, emphasizing its pathological relevance, therapeutic considerations, and the pivotal role of bioinformatic tools and databases in facilitating LLPS investigations. Additionally, we undertook a comprehensive analysis of bioinformatic resources dedicated to LLPS research in order to elucidate their functionality and applicability. By providing comprehensive insights into current LLPS-related bioinformatics resources, this review highlights its implications for human health and disease.