bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Workplace health programme among individuals with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Huei Phing Chee , Abu Saad Hazizi , Mohd Yusof Barakatun Nisak , Mohd Taib Mohd Nasir 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the effect of a physical activity intervention using a combination of Facebook and standing banners on improvements in metabolic syndrome.

Design/methodology/approach
– In all, 120 (82.8 per cent) government employees with metabolic syndrome completed the programme. A Lifecorder e-STEP accelerometer (Suzuken Company Limited, Nagoya, Japan) was utilized to quantify physical activity. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to “Harmonized” definition at baseline, post-intervention and follow-up.

Findings
– There were significantly higher step counts in the intervention group as compared to the control group over time. There were significant within-group differences in the step count at the baseline, post-intervention and follow-up assessments (p
<
0.001) in both the intervention and control groups. The step count of the intervention group increased by 4,522 steps in the post-intervention assessment compared to the assessment at baseline. The step count of the intervention group in the follow-up assessment was lower than in the post-intervention assessment, but it was still 2,126 steps higher than at baseline. For control group, the difference between the post-intervention assessment and the assessment at baseline was 520 steps per day, while the difference between the follow-up assessment and assessment at baseline was 379 steps per day. The greatest decrease in the percentage of metabolic syndrome was observed in the intervention group, with a reduction of 88.6 per cent in the post-intervention assessment as compared to that at baseline.

Research limitations/implications
– Future studies should incorporate measures which will be of interest to employers. Greater understanding and assessment of desirable employer-related outcomes are warranted, such as decreased job stress, turnover, absenteeism and improved job satisfaction, productivity and exploration of how these associated with physical activity.

Practical implications
– The findings show that delivering information on physical activity through an easily implemented and low-cost physical activity intervention via a combination of Facebook and standing banners was successful in improving step counts and metabolic parameters among individuals with metabolic syndrome.

Social implications
– The findings draw on supporting evidence for advocacy, which is about influencing the larger environment of public policy, and raising awareness of a single programme is insufficient to create lasting social change. Public policy must be shaped in a way that will sustain change across institutions.

Originality/value
– Despite the well-documented health benefits of physical activity, a growing number of people not achieving the recommended levels of physical activity necessary for good health. Importantly, the study provides a new insight on lifestyle-based physical activity interventions capable of improving step counts and metabolic parameters.
Increasing knowledge of personality disorders in detained women with an intellectual disability
Authors: Morris Deborah , Gray Nathalie 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to describe the evaluation of the “Living with a Personality Disorder” group (Morris, 2011a). This intervention is a psycho-education group for women with an intellectual disability (ID) and a personality disorder (PD). It draws on psycho-education, biosocial theory (Linehan, 1993) and compassionate mind approaches (Gilbert, 2009). It aims to increase knowledge of personality, PDs, to increase awareness of the “non-disordered” parts of self and to increase knowledge of psychological treatments for PD’s.

Design/methodology/approach
– The intervention was delivered to women detained in a specialist women’s learning disability forensic service. It was delivered over 12 group and two individual sessions. The Knowledge of Personality Disorders Questionnaire (D’Silva and Duggan, 2002), the Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003), the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment scale (McConnaughy et al., 1983) and a series of Likert scale questions and statements were used to assess the utility of the intervention. The intervention was piloted between 2012 and 2014 in a series of small groups. The lead facilitator for each intervention was a registered psychologist with training in dialectical behaviour therapy.

Findings
– Completing the intervention resulted in an increase in knowledge of PDs, treatments, increased self-compassion and therapeutic optimism and awareness of the limitations of a PD diagnosis.

Originality/value
– A new intervention that may increase knowledge of PDs, of personal strengths and increase optimism about change that may be a useful component to the treatment for service users with PDs and an ID.
Vicarious experience of justice: when unfair treatment of one’s colleague matters
Authors: Huang Jason L. , Ryan Ann Marie , Mujtaba Bahaudin G. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which perceptions of one’s colleague’s fair treatment by an authority, termed vicarious justice, can affect an individual’s satisfaction with and cooperation toward the authority, after controlling one’s personal justice experience from the same authority figure.

Design/methodology/approach
– In Study 1,172 employees filled out a survey about personal and vicarious justice experience at work. In Study 2,208 undergraduate students participated in an online scenario experiment that manipulated vicarious justice experience.

Findings
– Across both studies, results indicated that, controlling for personal justice perceptions, vicarious justice perceptions positively influenced individuals’ satisfaction with the authority; the effect on satisfaction was stronger for individuals who saw themselves as more similar to the colleague. Results of the experiment also suggested that vicarious justice led to higher cooperation intentions, and such effect was moderated by similarity as well.

Research limitations/implications
– The current studies demonstrate that vicarious justice perceptions can influence individuals beyond the effects of their own treatment, and such influence depends on perceived similarity between the focal individual and the colleague.

Practical implications
– The paper highlights the importance of managers’ treatment of other employees, especially when managing employees that are homogeneous in various characteristics.

Originality/value
– The studies extend the current understanding on vicarious justice effects and underscore the role of similarity in moderating such effects. The combination of field survey and online experiment provides evidence for causal inference for the findings.
Enhancing perceived employability
Authors: Veld Monique , Semeijn Judith , Vuuren Tinka van 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating role of employees’ willingness to invest in training and development and willingness for mobility on the relationship between human resource (HR) management practices and employability. As such, the study takes an interactionist perspective, building on human capital theory and social exchange theory. Investigating possible interaction effects is highly relevant as little is known yet on how organizational efforts (i.e. policies and activities) and individual effort of employees might strengthen each other in their aim of enhancing employability.

Design/methodology/approach
– Analyses were based on a sample of 1,346 respondents from 91 primary school locations in the Netherlands. Hypotheses were tested using regression analyses controlling for nesting of the data.

Findings
– The results indicate that HR activities and employees’ willingness are positively related to employability. Furthermore, only employees’ willingness for mobility strengthens this relationship, not their willingness for training and development. These results indicate that both organizations and employees are responsible for enhancing employability.

Practical implications
– Both HR activities and employee willingness appear to play a significant and interactive role for enhancing employability. Therefore, explicit cooperation between employee and organization in light of optimizing employability seems warranted.

Originality/value
– This study extends current research on enhancing employability, by theorizing and testing the combined efforts of organizations and employees from an interactionist perspective.
Trade‐offs in juvenile growth potential vs. shade tolerance among subtropical rain forest trees on soils of contrasting fertility
Authors: Sendall Kerrie M. , Lusk Christopher H. , Reich Peter B. 
Published: September 2015

Summary

Plant adaptation to gradients of light availability involves a well‐studied functional trade‐off, as does adaptation to gradients of nutrient availability. However, little is known about how these two major trade‐offs interact, and thus, it remains unclear whether and how the nature of the growth–shade tolerance trade‐off differs on soils of contrasting fertility.

We asked whether juvenile growth–shade tolerance trade‐offs differed in slope and elevation between tree assemblages on nutrient‐rich basalt and nutrient‐poor rhyolite soils in an Australian subtropical rain forest.

We measured the growth of, and the range of light environments occupied by, juveniles (40–120 cm tall) of eight basalt specialists, six rhyolite specialists, and one generalist that was common on both substrates. In situ minimum light requirements were estimated from the 5th percentile of the distribution of naturally regenerated juveniles in relation to daily light transmittance. Stem growth was measured for 12–16 months across a wide range of light environments to estimate the light compensation point of growth of each species.

Light compensation points of growth showed nearly a 1 : 1 correspondence with in situ minimum light requirements of species, indicating that whole‐plant carbon balance is a key driver of ecological success in low light. Minimum light requirements were negatively correlated with relative growth rate in low light, but correlated positively with growth in high light. Soil type had no effect on either the slope or the elevation of this trade‐off, all species aligning around a common growth–shade tolerance trade‐off, but our results do show a wider range of growth rates and shade tolerance on the nutrient‐rich basalt soil than on the nutrient‐poor rhyolite.

Our results suggest that adaptation to light availability involves fundamentally similar trade‐offs on these two substrates of differing fertility. However, a wider range of growth rates and shade tolerance on the nutrient‐rich basalt soil than on the nutrient‐poor rhyolite may help to explain the higher species richness and greater structural complexity of forest stands on the former substrate.
Reef flattening effects on total richness and species responses in the Caribbean
Authors: Newman Steven P. , Meesters Erik H. , Dryden Charlie S. , Williams Stacey M. , Sanchez Cristina , Mumby Peter J. , Polunin Nicholas V. C. 
Published: September 2015

Summary

There has been ongoing flattening of Caribbean coral reefs with the loss of habitat having severe implications for these systems. Complexity and its structural components are important to fish species richness and community composition, but little is known about its role for other taxa or species‐specific responses.

This study reveals the importance of reef habitat complexity and structural components to different taxa of macrofauna, total species richness, and individual coral and fish species in the Caribbean.

Species presence and richness of different taxa were visually quantified in one hundred 25‐m2 plots in three marine reserves in the Caribbean. Sampling was evenly distributed across five levels of visually estimated reef complexity, with five structural components also recorded: the number of corals, number of large corals, slope angle, maximum sponge and maximum octocoral height. Taking advantage of natural heterogeneity in structural complexity within a particular coral reef habitat (Orbicella reefs) and discrete environmental envelope, thus minimizing other sources of variability, the relative importance of reef complexity and structural components was quantified for different taxa and individual fish and coral species on Caribbean coral reefs using boosted regression trees (BRTs).

Boosted regression tree models performed very well when explaining variability in total (82·3%), coral (80·6%) and fish species richness (77·3%), for which the greatest declines in richness occurred below intermediate reef complexity levels. Complexity accounted for very little of the variability in octocorals, sponges, arthropods, annelids or anemones. BRTs revealed species‐specific variability and importance for reef complexity and structural components. Coral and fish species occupancy generally declined at low complexity levels, with the exception of two coral species (Pseudodiploria strigosa and Porites divaricata) and four fish species (Halichoeres bivittatus, H. maculipinna, Malacoctenus triangulatus and Stegastes partitus) more common at lower reef complexity levels. A significant interaction between country and reef complexity revealed a non‐additive decline in species richness in areas of low complexity and the reserve in Puerto Rico.

Flattening of Caribbean coral reefs will result in substantial species losses, with few winners. Individual structural components have considerable value to different species, and their loss may have profound impacts on population responses of coral and fish due to identity effects of key species, which underpin population richness and resilience and may affect essential ecosystem processes and services.
Seed germination and seedling emergence of Euryodendron excelsum H. T. Chang: implications for species conservation and restoration
Authors: Shen Shi‐Kang , Wu Fu‐Qin , Yang Guan‐Song , Wang Yue‐Hua , He Shu‐Zhuang 
Published: September 2015

AbstractEuryodendron excelsum H. T. Chang is a critically endangered plant from the family Theaceae that is endemic to China. It is now present in only one remnant population in a very narrow range and with a highly isolated and fragmented distribution pattern. The species is distributed close to the local villages and faces extinction because of the high level of anthropogenic disturbance. Thus, conservation and restoration of this species is urgent. The species reproduces by seed, but its germination requirements and seedling emergence are rarely understood. In this study, the germination requirements, desiccation tolerance and seedling emergence of the species were studied under controlled laboratory conditions. The results indicated that seeds of E. excelsum were non‐dormant. Optimal temperatures for germination were 15°C to 25°C; the germination percentage decreased and the mean germination time increased at high temperature. Seed germination was inhibited in the dark, suggesting that the seeds were positive photoblastic. Water stress also significantly inhibited germination percentage; no seeds germinated at 15% polyethylene glycol 6000. The fresh seeds had moderate moisture content of 28.6% and showed strong tolerance of dehydration. Thus, the seeds of E. excelsum tended to be orthodox. Seeds on the soil surface had the highest emergence percentage, which declined with depth of burial. Soil types significantly affected seedling emergence; seeds had higher emergence percentage in sandy soil than in mixed soil and clayed soil. Our study demonstrated that ex situ conservation and reintroduction of E. excelsum using seedling propagation from seeds is feasible.
Children with ASD can use gaze to map new words
Authors: Bean Ellawadi Allison , McGregor Karla K. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackground: The conclusion that children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) do not use eye gaze in the service of word learning is based on one‐trial studies.Aims: To determine whether children with ASD come to use gaze in the service of word learning when given multiple trials with highly reliable eye‐gaze cues.Methods & Procedures: Fifteen children with ASD with a mean age of 59 months (range = 36–92 months) and 15 typically developing (TD) peers with a mean age of 37 months (range = 16–92 months), and matched to the ASD group on receptive vocabulary raw scores, participated in four conditions formed by crossing‐gaze load (high versus low) and attention load (high versus low). The high eye‐gaze load condition required the children to shift attention to the examiner and follow her gaze to fast map new words correctly. The low‐gaze load did not require shift and follow behaviours. The high‐attention condition involved three (as opposed to one) distracter objects.Outcomes & Results: As compared with the TD group, a lower proportion of the ASD group shifted and followed the examiner on the initial trial of the high‐gaze load condition, but there was not a significant difference between groups when shift and follow behaviours were averaged over subsequent trials, nor was there a difference between groups in fast‐mapping performance. Fast‐mapping outcomes were correlated with gaze shift and follow behaviours in the high‐gaze load condition.Conclusions & Implications: The finding that the children with ASD altered their looking behaviour over the course of the experiment suggests that children with ASD were sensitive to statistical regularities present in the examiner's gaze cues and used this information to alter their looking behaviour over the course of the experiment.
The Monarchy Shapes Up: Arboreal Metaphors in Royal Propaganda and Court Panegyrics during the Reign of Louis XV
Authors: Pacini Giulia 
Published: September 2015

AbstractOn 25 February 1745, during a ball celebrating the Dauphin's marriage to the Infanta of Spain, Louis XV dressed up as a pruned yew tree. A large watercolour and hundreds of prints produced by the royal office of the Menus Plaisirs offered contemporaries a stunning image of this event. This article analyses the self‐fashioning implicit in the king's sartorial choice, arguing that it informed a new political script characterised by an increasingly technical arboreal discourse. Royal epithalamia in particular drew on tree metaphors to describe the health of the body politic in the second half of the eighteenth century.
Familial expansile osteolysis: An Australian case report of a Paget's Disease Mimic
Authors: Topham Dean Grant , Sampson Matthew John 
Published: September 2015

SummaryWe report a case of familial expansile osteolysis (FEO) with multimodality imaging findings and histopathological correlation in a 42‐year‐old man presenting to a South Australian Emergency Department. FEO is a unique metabolic bone condition that is similar in some respects to Paget's disease but distinct enough in its clinical, radiological and histological findings to be classified as a separate disease process. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and typified by increased osteoclast activity, medullary expansion, and hearing and dental problems. These changes can lead to significant morbidity with individuals affected suffering from bone pain and pathological fractures. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no reported cases in the literature documenting this disease in Australia.
Diagnostic services in Australia: service rates and characteristics of patients
Authors: Brennan DS , Balasubramanian M , Spencer AJ 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackgroundDiagnostic services are the most common area of dental service in Australia. The objective was to investigate differences in services per visit for examinations and radiographs in relation to the characteristics of patients receiving these services in terms of age and gender, aspects of visiting such as dental insurance and reasons for visit, and oral health such as number of teeth and presence of decay.MethodsA random sample of Australian dentists was surveyed in 2009–2010. Data on diagnostic services and patient characteristics were collected from a service log.ResultsA total of 1148 dentists responded (response rate = 67%). Models adjusted for age and gender of patients showed that rates [Rate Ratio, 95% CI] of examinations were higher for insured patients [1.13; 1.06–1.21], while rates of radiographs were higher for emergency visits [1.25; 1.11–1.48]. Patients with 20 or more teeth had higher rates for examinations [1.15; 1.01–1.32] and radiographs [1.28; 1.02–1.60]. Decayed teeth were associated with lower examination rates [0.70; 0.65–0.76] but higher rates of radiographs [1.34; 1.16–1.55].ConclusionsThe finding that number of teeth was associated with higher rates of examinations and radiographs suggests that retention of teeth could be influencing the increasing rates of diagnostic services in Australia.
Sun‐protection practices among undergraduates at an Australian University
Authors: Shahnam Adel , Samarawickrema Indira , Ali Sayed 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesTo assess the sun‐protection practices of undergraduates at the Australian National University.MethodsWe sent emails with links to the questionnaire on the use of five sun‐protection practices in the last fortnight of the summer to 3341 randomly selected students aged 18–24 years in this cross‐sectional study. The response rate was 19% and 507 students met the inclusion criteria.ResultsThe sample consisted of 338 female and 169 male students with a mean age of 20.5 years (SD ± 1.9). Any method of sun protection was used always or often by 32% of respondents. The commonest method used was shade (58%) while the least common was wearing a hat (8%). Domestic students (44%) used sunglasses more than the international students (23%, P < 0.05) and female students used sunscreen (48%) and sunglasses (37%) more than male students (33% and 23% respectively) (P < 0.05). In the 22–24‐year‐old age group non‐medical students (54%) used sunglasses more than the medical students (36%, P < 0.05).ConclusionsOnly a third of the sample practiced any method of sun protection and there were significant differences in the practices between subgroups, suggesting they were at an increased risk of sun damage.
A clinical audit of high‐cost and off‐label drug use in dermatology
Authors: Ong Natalie , McMeniman Erin , Pillans Peter , Soyer H Peter 
Published: September 2015

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesThe use of high‐cost, off‐label, unsubsidised drugs has become valuable in the management of dermatology patients with challenging conditions unresponsive to conventional therapy. Currently, there is no dedicated funding and a paucity of evidence for such drugs. The aim of this audit was to review outcomes and costs.MethodsA retrospective clinical audit of high‐cost off‐label dermatology drug applications to the High Cost Drug's Subcommittee was undertaken at a tertiary public hospital in Brisbane, Queensland, between 2002 and 2013.ResultsOf 28 applications, 25 were approved. The medications included thalidomide, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporin, infliximab, rituximab and adalimumab. Over 70% of patients responded to treatment. Individual annual costs for these medications ranged from $2068 to $36 984. Adverse effects resulted in drug withdrawal in five cases.ConclusionsDespite the absence of dedicated funding for high‐cost drugs and a rigorous committee approval process, most applications were approved, of which >70% benefited from treatment. This audit provides useful clinical experience with off‐label use of high‐cost drugs in difficult dermatological conditions.