bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADSORPSI LOGAM SENG (Zn) DAN TIMBAL (Pb) PADA LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI KERAMIK OLEH TANAH LIAT
Authors: Priadi Cindy Rianti , Anita Anita , Sari Putri Nilam , Moersidik Setyo Sarwanto 
Published: May 2015

ADSORPTION OF ZINC AND LEAD FROM CERAMIC WASTEWATER USING CLAY. Ceramic industry generates glaze wastewater and clay waste. Glaze wastewater contains heavy metal from ceramic painting process which can potentially cause severe pollution problem. Glaze wastewater from PT.X typically contains Cd (0.013 mg/L); Cu (0.033 mg/L); Pb (1.20 mg/L); and Zn (7.00 mg/L). Clay waste used as adsorbent to reduce heavy metal amount in glaze wastewater. The present study investigates in bench scale and uses batch adsorption method to determine effective adsorbent amount and contact time in removing heavy metals in glaze wastewater in order to fulfill the discharge requirement based on regulation of Minister of Environment No.16/2008concerning effluent water standard for ceramic industries. The results showed that the effective adsorbent amount and contact time respectively are 5 g/L and 15 minutes with pH 8 and stirring speed of 150 rpm. Concentration of heavy metal adsorbed are 0,614 mg/L and 2,07 mg/L for lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) with removal efficiency up to 61.0% for Pb and 9.8% for Zn.From this study clay waste could be potentially used as an adsorbent to reduce heavy metal amount in glaze wastewater. Keywords: adsorption, clay waste, heavy metals Abstrak Industri keramik menghasilkan limbah glasir dan limbah tanah liat. Limbah glasir mengandung logam berat yang berasal dari proses pewarnaan keramik dan berpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Kandungan logam berat pada limbah glasir PT.X yaitu Cd (0,013 mg/L); Cu (0,033 mg/L); Pb (1,20 mg/L); dan Zn (7,00 mg/L). Limbah tanah liat digunakan sebagai adsorben yang berguna mengurangi kadar logam berat pada limbah glasir.Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium menggunakan metode batch adsorpsi untuk menentukan dosis adsorben dan waktu kontak yang efektif dalam mengolah limbah glasir agar memenuhi persyaratan Peraturan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 16 Tahun 2008 tentang baku mutu air limbah bagi usaha dan/atau kegiatan industri keramik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dosis efektif adsorben sebesar 5 g/L dan waktu kontak 15 menit dengan kondisi pH 8 dan kecepatan pengadukan 150 rpm. Kadar logam setelah diadsorpsi telah mencapai baku mutu yaitu sebesar 0,614 mg/L dan 2,07 mg/L untuk Pb dan Zn dengan efisiensi pengurangan kadar logam Pb sebesar 61% dan Zn sebesar 9,8%. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan data bahwa limbah tanah liat berpotensi dijadikan adsorben untuk mengurangi kandungan logam pada limbah cair industri keramik.
PENGOLAHAN LINDI DENGAN OZON DAN PROSES OKSIDASI LANJUT BERBASIS OZON
Authors: Sururi Mohamad Rangga , Saleh Siti Ainun , Krisna Amalia 
Published: May 2015

Limbah industri tekstil di area pinggir kota Surabaya mempunyai karakteristik perbandingan COD dan BOD = 5.57. Limbah jenis ini sulit untuk dibiodegradasi. Studi ini mempelajari tekonologi elektrokoagulasi untuk mengolah limbah tekstil dengan menurunkan intensitas warna, Total Suspended Solid (TSS) dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Percobaan batch pada suhu kamar dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pH, jarak elektroda terhadap penurunan warna,TSS dan COD dan membandingkan biaya operasinya jika menggunakan pengolahan kimia.Effisiensi penurunan tertinggi untuk warna (91.96%), TSS (49.17%), dan COD (29.67%) terjadi pada pH awal 4.0 dan jarak elektroda 2 cm dengan elektroda Al/Al. Waktu optimum penurunan intensitas warna dalah 10 menit. Laju penurunan COD adalah : -dC/dt = 0.0053 C +0.056 , dengan C adalah konsentrasi COD. Jumlah sludge yang dihasilkan daripengolahan elektrokoagulasi 3.4 % lebih kecil dibandingkan menggunakan bahan kimia. Biaya yang digunakan untuk pengolahan dengan elektrokoagulasi 52.35 % lebih murah dibandingkan jika menggunakan koagulasi dengan bahan kimia ( tawas). Kata kunci : elektrokoagulasi, penurunan warna, penurunan TSS, laju degradasi COD, imbah tekstil Abstract Waste water from textile industry which is located in one suburb of Surabaya city as characteristic which the ratio of COD to BOD was 5.57. This type of waste water is difficult to be biodegraded. This study investigated elektrokoagulasi technology to treat textile waste water by removing color, total suspended solid, and Chemical Oxygen Demand. Batch experiment at room temperature was carried out to study the effect of pH, electrode distance for color, TSS and COD removal. This study also tried to compare the operation cost between elektrokoagulasi and chemical processes. The best removal efficiencies by Al electrodes was 91.96 % for color, 49.17 % for TSS and 29.67 % for COD which were under initial pH 4.0 and electrodes distance 2 cm. The optimum operation time for color removal was found 10 minutes.The COD degradation rate was - dC/dt = 0.0053 C +0.056, with C= COD concentration. Sludge result from elektrokoagulasi was 3.4 % less than that by chemical treatment.The operation cost for elektrokoagulasi is 52.35 % less than that for chemical coagulation.
Site Dependent Hydrogenation in Graphynes: A Fully Atomistic Molecular Dynamics Investigation
Authors: Autreto Pedro A. S. , Galvao Douglas S. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTGraphyne is a generic name for a carbon allotrope family of 2D structures, where acetylenic groups connect benzenoid rings, with the coexistence of sp and sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. In this work we have investigated, through fully atomistic reactive molecular dynamics simulations, the dynamics and structural changes of the hydrogenation of α, β, and γ graphyne forms. Our results showed that the existence of different sites for hydrogen bonding, related to single and triple bonds, makes the process of incorporating hydrogen atoms into graphyne membranes much more complex than the graphene ones. Our results also show that hydrogenation reactions are strongly site dependent and that the sp-hybridized carbon atoms are the preferential sites to chemical attacks. In our cases, the effectiveness of the hydrogenation (estimated from the number of hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to carbon atoms) follows the α, β, γ-graphyne structure ordering.
Electronic properties of monolayer molybdenum dichalcogenides under strains
Authors: Sugimoto J. , Shintani K. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTThe electronic band structures of monolayer molybdenum dichalcogenides, MoS2, MoSe2, and MoTe2 under either uniaxial or biaxial strain are calculated using first-principles calculation with the GW method. The imposed uniaxial strain is in the zigzag direction in the honeycomb lattice whereas the imposed biaxial strain is in the zigzag and armchair directions. It is found that the band gaps of these dichalcogenides almost linearly increase with the decrease of the magnitude of compressive strain, reach their maxima at some compressive strain, and then decrease almost linearly with the increase of tensile strain. It is also found their maximum band gaps are direct bandgaps.
ZnO:Al Thin Films by Successive Chemical Solution Deposition for Transistors Applications
Authors: González Luis A. , Ramírez Sara E. , Pech-Canul Martín I. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTHere, we show results on the deposition of ZnO:Al thin films by the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction method. The growing of the films was performed by sequentially immersing glass and SiO2/Si substrates in water at temperatures close to the boiling point, a precursor reaction solution, water at room temperature and ultrasonic water bath. The resulting ZnO:Al films were transparent and well adhered to the substrates. From X-ray diffraction analysis was determined that the ZnO:Al films had hexagonal wurtzite structure with preferential orientation along the c-axis. Changes in the morphology of the films were obtained from ellipsoidal-shaped aggregates for the undoped ZnO films to spherical-shaped aggregates for the ZnO:Al films. The optical transparency and bandgap of the ZnO:Al films was about 85% and 3.28 eV, respectively. Thin film transistors were fabricated with ZnO:Al films as active layers. The characterized device had a saturation mobility of 0.048 cm2/V-s, threshold voltage of approximately 16.1 V and a drain current on-to-off ratio (Ion/Ioff) in the order of 103.
A educação de surdos e a robótica pedagógica livre
Authors: De Souza Rafaela Santos , Cesar Danilo Rodrigues 
Published: May 2015

RESUMO:Neste artigo, defendemos a inserção dos fundamentos da Robótica Pedagógica Livre (RPL) em Espaços Multirreferenciais de Aprendizagem (EMA), inclusive – e especialmente – na educação de Surdos. Propomos uma ação educativa baseada em kits didáticos para robótica desenvolvidos com materiais de baixo custo e/ou sucatas tecnológicas-eletroeletrônicas. Através da interação com esses materiais, os Surdos são estimulados a buscar soluções para diferentes situações-problemas que podem ser propostas pelo educador, pela turma ou pela comunidade escolar. Essas atividades concretas e lúdicas estimulam a criatividade, o raciocínio lógico, a curiosidade, o senso de crítico e a abstração, levando esses sujeitos a pensar e agir coletivamente. Por esse motivo, entendemos que o uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) podem potencializar o desenvolvimento das capacidades cognitivas dos Surdos a partir de ações contextualizadas e significativas. Buscando fundamentar este texto, apresentamos um projeto sobre o tema que foi implementado em uma escola pública de Belo Horizonte (MG) e em dois projetos implementados em espaços multirreferenciais nas cidades de Porto Alegre (RS) e de São Paulo (SP), relacionando-os às bases teóricas referentes à temática.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação de Surdos; Robótica Pedagógica Livre; Software Livre. ABSTRACT: In this article we advocate the inclusion of the foundations of Free Pedagogical Robotics (FPR) in Multireferential Space of Learning (MSL), including – and especially – in Deaf education. We propose an educational activity based in educacional kits for robotics developed with low-cost and/or technological electro-electronic-scrap materials. Through interaction with these materials, the Deaf are encouraged to seek solutions to different situations-problems that may be proposed by the educator, the class or the school community. These concrete and playful activities encourage creativity, logical reasoning, curiosity, sense of critical and abstraction, leading these individuals to think and act collectively. For this reason, we believe that the use of Information Technologies and Communication can enhance the development of cognitive abilities of the Deaf from the same contextualized and meaningful actions. Seeking to substantiate this article, we introduce a project on the topic that has been implemented in a public school in Belo Horizonte (MG) and two projects implemented in multireferential spaces in the cities of Porto Alegre (RS) and São Paulo (SP), relating the theoretical foundations concerning the subject.KEYWORDS: Deaf Education; Free Pedagogical Robotics; Free Software.
Study, Evaluation and Implementation of Improvement in a compressed Air Plant
Authors: Altafini Carlos Roberto , Nunes Claudir Pereira 
Published: May 2015

This paper presents the study of a compressed air generation system in a bus manufacturer, being evaluated the operation of the compressors to identify the electric energy consumption. A maintenance plan is elaborated to correct the air system leaks and also proposes the reuse of thermal energy generated by the compressors. Initially, as for the purpose of this paper, a revision of fundamentals related to thermodynamics transformation, are presented. Afterwards, some important electric energy concepts will lead to the understanding of the energy consumption of the compressors. Then, an overview about compressed air generation systems will be showed with the goal of understanding techniques of energetic efficiency. The tools used in this study for collecting data were the software of a compressor manufacturer with pressure transducers, and an energy analyzer. The basic concepts and their uses will be shown along this paper. The proposal of electric energy consumption reduction was achieved with the installation of compressor operation managers, there was a reduction nearly 60,600 kWh per month, which provided a monthly savings of R$19,400.00, validating the collected data. For heat recovery from the cooling air compressors, externally finned coils were sized to heat water up to 55 ºC and used in a process of heating rubber gaskets. For air leakage reduction, a working methodology to perform the corrective and preventive maintenance has been prepared, and a control system in the form of internal audit. This allowed the reduction of the air leakage was almost 50%. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v1iss1p11
Urban Trash Containers Made of Recycled Plastic Lumber
Authors: Ledur José Gilberto , Guaresi Sayonara , Gonella Laura B. , Bianchi Otávio , De Oliveira Ricardo V. B. , Canto Leonardo B. , Carvalho Gláucio A , De Mori Paulo R. , Zeni Mara , Zattera Ademir José 
Published: May 2015

A low-cost and easy-to-handle manufacturing procedure for urban trash containers, made of recycled plastic lumber, was developed focusing on the following aspects: materials selection, materials compounding, plastic sheet manufacturing and mechanical testing, urban trash container design and assembly, and a pilot test. The material, a composite of polyethylene (PE) urban waste, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) industrial waste and calcium carbonate, was prepared in a Drais batch mixer. The mixture was hot compression molded as rectangular-shaped sheets of 900 mm length, 600 mm width and 12 mm or 7 mm thickness. These sheets were characterized with regard to mechanical properties, microstructure and UV resistance. An urban trash container prototype was prepared from the plastic sheets and a hundred trash containers were submitted to a pilot test. All the steps, material compounding, plastic sheet processing, and trash container design and manufacturing were optimized in order to give the required physico-mechanical properties, functional characteristics and ?nish of the urban trash containers. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v1iss1p6
Occurrence of Bisphenol A in soil and leachate of a municipal landfill: effect of the sample acidification
Authors: Viecelli Nathalia Cristine , Baldasso Ricardo Perazzoli , Do Nascimento Filho Irajá , Manfredini Kira Lusa 
Published: May 2015

The main objective of present study was the quantitative analysis of bisphenol A (BPA) in soil and leachate of a municipal sanitary landfill. The influence of the solvent polarity and pH over the quantitative analysis of BPA in the leachate was also investigated. The soil samples were collected from closed cells and extracted by Soxhlet extraction with ethanol. The liquid samples, from row leachate from the same sanitary landfill were extracted by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) with C-18 cartridges and ethanol. The organic extracts from liquid and solid samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (GC/FID). For the soil and liquid samples the average concentrations of BPA were 21.30 (±0.61) mg kg-1 and 26.83 (±2.69) mg L-1, respectively. These results were far above the ones cited in the literature and are of special concern because BPA may disrupt the human endocrine system. The acidification allows the increase of 5% of the extraction efficiency. In this way, the acidification step is recommended for the quantification of BPA in samples where the concentration of this analyte is below 0.1%. In these cases the acidification step may avoid important loss of the analyte and improve the detection limit in the instrumental analysis. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v2iss1p10
Chemical modification of hybrid nanostructures (POSS) for application as lubricant
Authors: Luvison Caroline , Farias María Cristina Moré , Bianchi Otávio 
Published: May 2015

Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) are hybrid structures type RSiO15n, with n organic groups R. These molecules can be easily functionalized by simply changing the chemical constitution of the organic groups. In this work, chemical modification of POSS-NH2 was performed by amidation reaction with butyric acid at elevated temperature, 160°C. The formation of the amide group is evinced by the appearance of NH angular deformation band at 1540 cm-1 in the FTIR spectra. Approximately 40% of the amino groups reacted, according to titration results. The formation of the amide groups resulted in a shift of the glass transition temperature (Tg) from -36.9°C to -25.6°C for the modified-POSS sample. Both POSS-NH2 and modified-POSS samples exhibited similar thermal degradation pattern. Analysis of the pairs distribution function (PDF) has determined that the hybrid nanoparticles are separated by a periodic distance of approximately 1.32 nm. POSS-NH2 and modified-POSS exhibit newtonian behavior, which will range from 10-1 s-1 and 1000 s-1. The viscosity decreased with increasing temperature, a typical behavior of liquid lubricants. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v2iss1p19
Low Energy Ion Implanting of Silver Ion in Titanium
Authors: Palandi Fernanda Elisa Demore , Echeverrigaray Fernando Graniero , Wanke Cesar Henrique , Figueroa Carlos Alejandro , Baumvol Israel Jacob Rabin , Aguzzoli Cesar 
Published: May 2015

In modern medicine, biomaterials have been widely used as implants. Among biomaterials, titanium medical class is distinguished by its high degree of biocompatibility. However, orthoses and prostheses infected with post-implanted microorganisms require surgeries and medical interventions that are costly and treatment can take months. To combat infections associated with implants, the best strategy is to prevent them from occurring. One strategy is the silver ion implantation in titanium. In this work, silver ions were implanted at low energies (4 keV) in medical titanium with the goal to take bactericide titanium surface and therefore, inhibit biofilm formation. The implantation was done using the Ion Plating equipment. After ion implantation, the samples were analyzing for Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry, Glow-Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction. The results show that the silver was implanted at depths up to 10 nm, corroborating simulation data. In addition, the strategy used in this work can be applied on an industrial scale due to the type of equipment used for the surface treatment. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v2iss1p26
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(Styrene)-b-Poly(y-Benzyl-L-Glutamate) Diblock Copolymers
Authors: Crespo Janaina da Silva , Giovanela Marcelo , Soldi Valdir 
Published: May 2015

The synthesis and characterization of diblock copolymers formed by poly(styrene) and poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) (PBLG) were studied. The PS and PBLG blocks were obtained by anionic and open ring polymerization, respectively. The homopolymers and copolymers were characterized by classical techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance of proton and carbon (1H and 13C NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TGA)). The characterization in solution was performed using static light scattering (SLS). In the analysis by SLS, parameters such as average molar mass (Mwm), second virial coefficient (A2) and critical concentration (C*) for the pure homopolymers and the copolymer PS100-b-PBLG330 were determined. http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v2iss1p31
Response of the maxillary dentition to a statically determinate one-couple system with tip-back mechanics: A prospective clinical trial
Authors: Janakiraman Nandakumar , Gill Pawandeep , Upadhyay Madhur , Nanda Ravindra , Uribe Flavio 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To quantify the effects of tip-back mechanics on the maxillary first molars and incisors.

Materials and Methods:
Sixteen subjects with Class II end-on malocclusion were treated with an intrusion arch to achieve distalization of the maxillary molar through tip-back mechanics. Lateral cephalograms were taken prior to molar tip-back (T1), after molar tip-back (T2), and after molar root uprighting (T3). Data were analyzed using the Friedman’s and Wilcoxon signed rank tests to evaluate differences in time points (P ≤ .016).

Results:
The maxillary first molar distalized 1.53 mm (P = .001) with 6.65° (P = .001) of distal tipping and 0.86 mm (P = .001) of extrusion at T2. Minor relapse of the first molar (mesial direction) was seen at T3. The maxillary incisors flared labially 0.4 mm, and the incisor root apex moved palatally 1.19 mm (P = .005) at T2. At T3, the incisor root apex moved palatally 1.5 mm (P = .003) from T1. An angular change from T1 of 3.31° (P = .008) and 3.53° (P = .014) was seen at T2 and T3, respectively, as a result of palatal root movement of the maxillary incisors.

Conclusions:
A significant amount of distalization of maxillary molars was attained at the crown level with tip-back mechanics. Palatal root angulation change was significant in the incisors with minimal anteroposterior movement of the incisal edge.
Translating an Evidence-Based Diabetes Education Approach Into Rural African-American Communities: The “Wisdom, Power, Control” Program
Authors: Peña-Purcell Ninfa C. , Jiang Luohua , Ory Marcia G. , Hollingsworth Ryan 
Published: May 2015

Purpose. The aim of this exploratory study was to assess the efficacy of the “Wisdom, Power, Control” diabetes self-management education (DSME) program with regard to diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, self-care, distress level, and A1C in an African-American population.
Methods. A prospective, quasi-experimental, repeated-measure design was employed to measure these outcomes. Study participants were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks post-intervention, and at a 3-month A1C follow-up.
Results. A total of 103 participants were recruited from the intervention counties, and 14 were identified from the control counties. At the post-test, participants in the intervention group reported a significantly higher level of diabetes knowledge (Δ = 9.2%, P &lt;0.0001), higher self-efficacy (Δ = 0.60, P &lt;0.0001), more self-care behaviors (Δ = 0.48, P &lt;0.0001), lower distress level (Δ = –0.15, P = 0.05), and higher health status (Δ = 0.49, P = &lt;0.0001). About 56% of the intervention group completed all six classes, and 25% attended five classes.
Conclusions. Findings from this study demonstrate the initial success of translating a culturally adapted DSME program into rural African-American communities. The study highlights important lessons learned in the process of implementing this type of program in a real-world setting with a minority population.