bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic carbon as a factor of iodine differentiation of the soil cover in the Bryansk and Oryol regions by iodine availability
Authors: Berezkin V. Yu. , Korobova E. M. , Baranchukov V. S. , Kostin A. S. 
Published: July 2024

The distribution of stable iodine and humus in the upper horizon (0–20 cm) of various types of soils of the Bryansk and Oryol regions used as pastures has been studied. Soil sampling was carried out with a hand stick drill in layers in the depth interval: 0–5 cm, 5-10 cm and 10–20 cm. Iodine content was determined by kinetic rhodanide-nitrite method. Corg content was determined by the bichromate method of Tyurin. The work includes data from both long-term studies of the iodine content in the soil cover of the Bryansk region (2008–2020) and new data from expeditionary studies in the Oryol region (2022). It is shown that the soils of the Bryansk pastures are depleted of iodine and organic carbon (OC) in comparison with the Oryol region, which corresponds to the change of soil cover composition from west to east. The humus content in soils was determined and statistically significant correlation between iodine and C org. content in pasture soils were obtained (from r = 0.28 in Chernozems to r = 0.49 in Haplic Albeluvisols; in addition, for the whole sample (n = 48) the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.31 in the 0–5 cm layer to 0.43 in the 10–20 cm layer). The dependence of iodine accumulation on the OC content in different types of soils (Chernozems, Grey-Luvic Phaeozems, Umbric Albeluvisols, Haplic Albeluvisols) and their hydromorphism has been established. The identified differences in soil iodine fixation should be considered as they may influence iodine intake levels in pasture animal milk and local rations.
Contribución de los inmigrantes no-ibéricos para la vitivinicultura de la Región Sur de Brasil: caso de los alemanes
Authors: Gama Fernando 
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar, reconocer y rescatar el papel de los inmigrantes europeos con énfasis para los alemanes e italianos para el desarrollo de la vitivinicultura brasileña, especialmente de la Región Sul, rescribiendo su narrativa histórica. Para alcanzar esa propuesta, buscamos, en primer lugar, por hacer un análisis histórico de la presencia de los germánicos, con destaque para aquellos que dedicaran a esa actividad agroindustrial, ubicando, geográficamente, las primeras colonias y su producción. Como metodología fue analizado un referencial bibliográfico de la literatura especializada, mapas, documentos y pesquisas históricas. Los alemanes no utilizaron mano de obra de esclavizados. Aunque de no tener continuidad y obtener igual éxito de los italianos, verificamos que, en Rio Grande do Sul, los germánicos implementaron la vitivinicultura desde el comienzo de su colonización, dándoles suporte y teniendo solidaridad con los inmigrantes italianos que llegaran al Brasil, cincuenta años después. La inmigración italiana fue el principal vector de la difusión y modernización de la vitivinicultura brasileña, formando una única región consolidada: Serra Gaúcha. Sin embargo, el actual nivel elevado de calidad de la producción vinícola que alcanzamos tiene sus precedentes y precursores que necesitan ser rescatados y valorizados. En según lugar, buscamos hacer un levantamiento de las regiones vitivinicultoras tradicionales y las modernas de Santa Catarina, que recibieron estos inmigrantes. Así, respectivamente, la IP Litoral Sul y IP Planalto Catarinense. Bajo el proceso de globalización es importante enfrentar los competidores, luchando por la creación de sellos de Indicación Geográfica como estrategia de competitividad.
Protection of viticultural biodiversity: genetic and phenotypic characterisation of grapevine varieties from the northwest coastal area of Tuscany (Italy)
Authors: Zombardo Alessandra , Puccioni Sergio , Crespan Manna , Storchi Paolo , Perria Rita , Tosi Vincenzo , Lorieri Pierpaolo , Migliaro Daniele 
Published: July 2024

To explore the grapevine biodiversity of some minor viticultural districts located in the northwest coastal area of Tuscany, a total of 99 grapevine samples were collected from field borders or no longer cultivated areas and analysed at the molecular level using 12 microsatellite markers (SSR). The results revealed the presence of 58 unique genotypes among which 42 already known varieties (36 belonging to the Vitis vinifera species and 6 Vitis interspecific crosses) and 16 hitherto unreported genetic profiles. About 50 % of the accessions (52 out of 99) were vegetatively propagated and planted in a vineyard collection to protect them from extinction and to record their phenotypic characteristics. This research has highlighted the potential for using several grapevine cultivars that were probably once widespread and can henceforth be cultivated again to help revive the eco-wine tourism of the Tuscan heroic vineyards and add prestige to the local wine panorama.
Decreased cloud cover partially offsets the cooling effects of surface albedo change due to deforestation
Authors: Luo Hao , Quaas Johannes , Han Yong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Biophysical processes of forests affect climate through the regulation of surface water and heat fluxes, which leads to further effects through the adjustment of clouds and water cycles. These indirect biophysical effects of forests on clouds and their radiative forcing are poorly understood but highly relevant in the context of large-scale deforestation or afforestation, respectively. Here, we provide evidence for local decreases in global low-level clouds and tropical high-level clouds from deforestation through both idealized deforestation simulations with climate models and from observations-driven reanalysis using space-for-time substitution. The decreased cloud cover can be explained by alterations in surface turbulent heat flux, which diminishes uplift and moisture to varying extents. Deforestation-induced reduction in cloud cover warms the climate, partially counteracting the cooling effects of increased surface albedo. The findings from idealized deforestation experiments and space-for-time substitution exhibit disparities, with global average offsets of, respectively, approximately 44% and 26%, suggesting the necessity for further constraints.
Primary Stability of Two Different Macro Design of Implants Placed on Pterygoid Bone: A Fresh Frozen Cadaveric Study
Authors: KOCYIGIT* Ismail Doruk , KOCYİGİT Seda , ORHAN Kaan 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the primary stability of pterygoid implants as comparing two different implant design in fresh frozen human cadavers using the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) method. Tapered and parallel implant types (NobelActive® and NobelParallel™, Nobel Biocare, Gothenburg, Sweden) were placed on the right and left sides of maxilla of 10 fresh human cadavers. Using Osstell® Mentor III and SmartPegs (Integration Diagnostics, Göteborg, Sweden), the resonance frequency measurements were made immediately after the implant placement. The two different macro-design types of implants were compared in terms of ISQ values, it was observed that there was no statistically significant difference between each macro designs. In conclusion, our study showed that the pterygoid implant was ideal for biomechanical stability scenario in managing the edentuluos solutions of posterior maxilla with dental implants.
Mathematical modeling-based analysis: exploring the need for governments to combat illegal wildlife trade
Authors: Wang Yiting , Song Yuting , Huang Jun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Illegal wildlife trade (IWT) is a huge gray industry with a market valuation of billions of dollars. Not only does this trade pose a serious threat to the safety of human and animal life, it is also one of the major challenges facing biodiversity today and can lead to a range of serious problems including the spread of zoonotic pathogen and invasive alien species. Although policymakers have been able to respond relatively quickly, the current regulation and crackdown on illegal wildlife trade is still inadequate. Using the United States as an example, this study employs a statistical modeling approach that employs principal component analysis and hierarchical analysis to effectively delineate and assess power, resources, and interests in the global wildlife conservation enterprise. We conducted an in-depth analysis of the impact of multiple national indicators and policy assumptions on the illegal wildlife trade, and used ARIMA models to analyze trade data before and after the implementation of interventions to predict trends over the next 14 years. By visualizing sales data and active trade pairs over the years, this study provides a scientific basis for government decision-making. The results of the study show that wildlife trade is significantly affected by specific regional and national indicators. In addition, our proposed modeling framework reveals previously overlooked influences in the illegal versus legal wildlife trade and promotes the development and implementation of effective interventions to reduce the damage of illegal trade to wild populations. We expect this study to contribute to the development of global wildlife conservation and promote more international cooperation and policy innovation.
A bibliometric mapping of advancements and trends in genome editing in pigs
Authors: Bharati Jaya , Kumar Satish , Devi Salam Jayachitra , Gupta Vivek Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Targeted genome editing in pigs for optimizing pig productivity, disease tolerance and biomedical research has been widely undertaken by researchers. The present study aims to investigate the research advancements, focus area, gaps and challenges in the field of genome editing in pigs using bibliometric analysis. Bibliographic information of publications on genome editing in pigs from 2010 to 2023 were retrieved from Scopus database. Bibliometric analysis for parameters and network visualization like co-authorship, keyword co-occurrence, citation, bibliographic coupling and co-citation was conducted using VOSviewer. Literature mining was conducted to evaluate the emerging areas and challenges in the development of gene edited pigs. We found 727 documents on genome editing in pigs, of which 407 were research articles, authored by 2826 researchers from 1359 research organizations across 40 countries. The two countries China and United States, account for more than 50% of the research publications. Investigations on optimization of procedure, delivery methods, editing efficiency, reducing off-target dominated the early phase of research, which shifted to its application for generating knock out (KO) or knock in (KI) pigs in the recent years. Areas like xenotransplantation, disease resistance, higher muscling and disease model have dominated the research horizon. Emerging areas include base editing, CRISPR based screens, diagnostics and therapeutics. Investigations on reducing heat stress and environmental footprints through genetic alterations need more attention of scientists. The challenges like off-target effect, regulatory, ethical and societal issues for channelizing gene edited pigs from lab-to-land and then from farm-to-fork continue to restrain this field.
Diversity and phenology of flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) associated with three habitats in the Colombian Andean-Amazon piedmont in Florencia, Caquetá.
Authors: Parada Henry Mauricio , Montoya Augusto León , Ramos-Pastrana Yardany 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Thirty percent of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) diversity is concentrated in the Neotropics, with few studies in the Amazonian rainforests. We evaluated diversity, phenology and bait preference of Syrphids along an environmental gradient, including forest edge (FE), dense secondary forest (DFS) and agroforestry system (AFS). Adults were collected using Van Someren-Rydon traps (VSRTs) baited with fermented fruit, decomposed shrimp and fish. We sampled nine days per climatic season (high, HIR and low rainfall intensity, LIR), including nine sampling points per habitat in the Reserva Natural y Ecoturística La Avispa, Caquetá, Colombia. We estimated alpha and beta diversity components within and between habitats. Phenology was compared between climatic seasons. 1.379 specimens were collected, belonging to 59 species (13 genera). DFS had the higher abundance and richness (n = 812; 43 species), suggesting that conserved habitats offer a wide range of resources. Abundance during HIR was 8.9 times higher (n = 1.240), while richness was 1.8 times higher (68 species) than LIR, suggesting that rainfall influences diversity. An example is the high abundance and diversity ofCopestylum(n = 1.225; 61.1%) which breeds in phytotelmata, indicating high availability of these microhabitats. The VSRTs showed high sampling completeness (≥ 90%), suggesting that this methodology is useful for rapid Syrphids inventories, however the lack of typical Amazonian groups evidences the need to use complementary methods. Species replacement was the dominant component of betadiversity, indicating that each habitat contributes with unique species, providing functions for sustainability and ecosystem balance, where connectivity is essential to ensure the provision of the services in undergoing ecological restoration areas, such as the tropical rainforest studied here.
Synaptic protein CSF levels relate to memory scores in individuals without dementia
Authors: Wesenhagen Kirsten E.J. , de Leeuw Diederick M. , Tomassen Jori , Gobom Johan , Bos Isabelle , Vos Stephanie J.B. , Martinez-Lage Pablo , Tainta Mikel , Popp Julius , Peyratout Gwendoline , Tsolaki Magda , Vandenberghe Rik , Freund-Levi Yvonne , Verhey Frans , Lovestone Simon , Streffer Johannes , Dobricic Valerija , Blennow Kaj , Scheltens Philip , Smit August B. , Bertram Lars , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Zetterberg Henrik , Tijms Betty M. , Visser Pieter Jelle , Initiative the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: We investigated how cerebrospinal fluid levels of synaptic proteins associate with memory function in normal cognition (CN) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and investigated the effect of amyloid positivity on these associations.
METHODS: We included 242 CN (105(43%) abnormal amyloid), and 278 MCI individuals (183(66%) abnormal amyloid) from EMIF-AD MBD and ADNI. For 181 (EMIF-AD MBD) and 36 (ADNI) proteins with a synaptic annotation in SynGO, associations with word learning recall were analysed with linear models.
RESULTS: Subsets of synaptic proteins showed lower levels with worse recall in preclinical AD (EMIF-AD MBD: 7, ADNI: 5 proteins, none overlapping), prodromal AD (EMIF-AD MBD only, 27 proteins) and non-AD MCI (EMIF-AD MBD: 1, ADNI: 7 proteins). The majority of these associations were specific to these groups.
DISCUSSION: Synaptic disturbance-related memory impairment occurred very early in AD, indicating it may be relevant to develop therapies targeting the synapse early in the disease.
The Effects of Daily Mean Temperature and Diurnal Temperature Range on Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in Hangzhou, China
Authors: Mo Zhe , Xu Manjin , Xu Yunfeng , He Luyang , Niu Huixia , Zhu Feiyun , Cao Xu , Wu Lizhi , Li Xueqing , Cai Gaofeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of death in cardiovascular patients. In China, the disease burden of IHD deaths has significantly increased. One of the main influencing factors of IHD is changing climates, and temperature and diurnal temperature range (DTR) are important indicators of climate change.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of daily mean temperature and DTR on IHD mortality in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Methods: We obtained daily IHD mortality data and meteorological data from mortality surveillance system from 2014 to 2016. Quasi-Poisson generalized linear regression with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was applied to estimate the associations between temperature variability and IHD deaths. Potential confounders were controlled in the analysis, including relative humidity, day of the week, public holidays, and long-term trends.
Results: A total of 7423 IHD mortality data were included in this study. A J-shaped pattern of DTR and a reversely J-shaped pattern of temperature for IHD mortality were observed. Risk estimates showed that the relative risks (RRs) of IHD mortality with extreme high DTR at lag 0–7 days were 1.309 (95% CI: 0.985, 1.740) while RRs of IHD mortality with extreme low DTR at lag 0–2 days were 1.234 (95% CI: 1.043, 1.460). For extreme hot temperature, the highest RRs at lag 0–2 days were 1.559 (95% CI: 1.250, 1.943); for extremely cold temperatures, the RRs increased from 1.049 (95% CI: 0.930, 1.183) to 2.089 (95% CI: 1.854, 2.352). Conclusion: In Hangzhou city, short-term exposure to extreme temperature was associated with mortality for IHD. These findings have implications for policy decision-making and targeted interventions.
Exploring the bidirectional associations of ADHD symptomatology, nutritional status, and body composition in childhood: evidence from a Brazilian Birth Cohort Study.
Authors: Gonçalves Bárbara , Martins-Silva Thais , Bierhals Isabel , Murray Joseph , Domingues Marlos , Hallal Pedro , Tovo-Rodrigues Luciana , Bertoldi Andréa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to excessive weight; however, the underlying mechanisms of this association are not well understood. To date, the bidirectional associations between ADHD and nutritional status in childhood have been explored in a limited number of studies, with particularly few of those incorporating body composition data. This study aims to evaluate the associations of ADHD symptoms, nutritional status, and body composition in childhood.
Methods: We analyzed data from 3940 children from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort at 4 and 6-7 years of age. Linear regression was performed to evaluate the association between ADHD symptoms and nutritional status (weight, height, and body mass index [BMI]) at ages 4 and 6-7, as well as body composition, specifically fat mass (FF) and fat-free mass (FFM) at ages 6-7. Moreover, a cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) analysis between ADHD symptoms and BMI was performed to explore the bidirectional associations.
Results: ADHD symptoms were associated with increased height (β 0.01, 95%CI 0.001, 0.026) and FFM (β 0.02, 95%CI 0.008 - 0.035) at age 4, and increased BMI (β0.02, 95%IC 0.002, 0.038), weight (β0. 02, 95%CI 0.005, 0.039), height (β 0.01, 95%CI 0.000, 0.024), and FFM (β 0.02, 95%CI 0.012, 0.040) at ages 6-7. Although the effects observed in the CLPM suggest a bidirectional relationship between ADHD symptoms and BMI, the association did not reach statistical significance.
Conclusion: Children with higher ADHD symptoms showed increased growth in weight, height, and BMI. The observed increase in weight and BMI was attributed to greater FFM in these children.
Do larger pollinators have higher pollination efficiency for a generalist plant Hibiscus mutabilis?
Authors: Shi Xiao-Qing , Zheng Bin , Liu Xiao-Li , Li Fang-Wen , Zhu Zhang-Shun , Quan Qiu-Mei , Li Yun-Xiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduced plants that rely on animal pollination are prone to pollen limitation due to the lack of native pollinators. However, introduced plants did not suffer from more severe pollen limitation than native plants. Here, we investigated the typical introduced plant Hibiscus mutabilis, observed, measured, and recorded the flowering dynamics, floral traits, and visiting insects, and compared the body size, visitation rate, and pollination efficiency of five pollinator species. Our observations revealed that H. mutabilis may mainly depend on the moth for its pollination in the original habitat. Macroglossum pyrrhosticta provides pollination services for H. mutabilis in the introduced area, its pollination efficiency is low due to its small pollination site. H. mutabilis can continuously secrete a large amount of nectar to attract four species of bee pollinators, and the pollination efficiency of bee pollinators is significantly related to their body size.
Unprecedented synergy of ZnO quantum dots/Ag NPs/Nitazoxanide Triumphs composite NPs over multidrug resistant human pathogens as new trend of revolutionizing antimicrobial treatment
Authors: Gomaa Islam , Aleid Ghadah , EL-Moslamy Shahira H. , AlShammari Anoud , Al-Marshedy Sumayyah , Alshammary Freah , Gharkan Jouza , Abdel-Hameed Reda , Kamoun Elbadawy A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is currently becoming a more serious threat to global health, especially in severe nosocomial infections treatment by multidrug-resistant bacteria. This research provides a new way of synergizing green-synthesis for zinc oxide quantum dots (ZnO-QDs with hexagonal crystals) that are 7nm in diameter and zero-valent Ag cubic crystals that are 67 nm in size embedded with nitazoxanide substrate (NZ). Instrumental characterization like SEM, TEM, EDAX, and FT-IR and comprehensive antimicrobial studies were conducted to study the incorporation behavior of composites based on Ag NPs/ZnO QDs/NAZ. This combination has not been hitherto addressed anywhere else in the published literature, as well as commercial viability. In this context, we have precisely tuned nanoparticle to nitazoxanide ratio for designing the formulation demonstrating potent activity against MDR infections. By employing nitazoxanide as a scaffold and careful decoration thereof antimicrobial potency has been unlocked overriding conventional therapies. In addition, Ag NPs/ZnO-QDs/nitazoxanide (G6) formula exhibited a therapeutic efficacy span of 96.15±1.68% to 99.57±0.20% against MDR human infections post 48h incubation; a breakthrough in therapeutic efficacy levels has been achieved by our method. Accordingly, ZnO QDs/Ag NPs/NZ composite offered potential multidrug resistant human pathogens as a new trend of revolutionizing antimicrobial treatment.
ABCD Parameter based Analytical AC Modeling of Novel Cu-Carbon Hybrid Interconnects for Noise Constrained Nanoscale Systems
Authors: Kumari Bhawana , Sahoo Manodipan , Sharma Rohit 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

A Copper-Carbon (Cu-Carbon) hybrid interconnect has been recently proposed for future VLSI applications, offering superiorelectrical performance compared to traditional interconnect structures. In the present era of high operating frequency, it is important to test this new structure for noise constrained applications specifically. In this work, ABCD parameter basedanalytical AC model of Cu-Carbon hybrid interconnects has been developed for efficient noise estimation in nanoscalesystems. Several signal transmission parameters, noise parameters and frequency dependent complex conductivity andimpedances of Cu-Carbon hybrid interconnects are estimated and compared with conventional copper (Cu) interconnects andemerging alternative copper-carbon nanotube (Cu-CNT) composite interconnects. The developed model is also verified withAdvanced Design System (ADS) software. Cu-Carbon hybrid interconnects have the lowest impedance among other alternativeconfigurations. Compared to copper, Cu-Carbon hybrid interconnect (with Fcnt=0.6) possesses ∼80% lower impedance at 100GHz frequency. Cu-Carbon hybrid experiences lowest return loss and highest forward transmission gain as compared to Cuand Cu-CNT composite interconnects. It demonstrates ∼43% and ∼48% lower S11 and ∼30% and ∼38% higher S21 valuesthan copper at 100 GHz for single and 2-line coupled interconnects, respectively. At lower frequencies, all interconnects havecomparable crosstalk noise profiles. The percentage improvement in the noise figure (in dB) and noise factor of Cu-Carbonhybrid is ∼48% and ∼98% at 100 GHz, respectively as compared with Cu interconnect. These analysis strengthens the claim ofCu-Carbon hybrid interconnect to be a worthier possibility for high frequency noise constrained applications in next-generationnanoscale systems.