bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conventional and Kilohertz-frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation Produces Intensity- and Frequency-dependent Inhibition of Mechanical Hypersensitivity in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Shechter Ronen , Yang Fei , Xu Qian , Cheong Yong-Kwan , He Shao-Qiu , Sdrulla Andrei , Carteret Alene F. , Wacnik Paul W. , Dong Xinzhong , Meyer Richard A. , Raja Srinivasa N. , Guan Yun 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

Background:
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a useful neuromodulatory technique for treatment of certain neuropathic pain conditions. However, the optimal stimulation parameters remain unclear.

Methods:
In rats after L5 spinal nerve ligation, the authors compared the inhibitory effects on mechanical hypersensitivity from bipolar SCS of different intensities (20, 40, and 80% motor threshold) and frequencies (50, 1 kHz, and 10 kHz). The authors then compared the effects of 1 and 50 Hz dorsal column stimulation at high- and low-stimulus intensities on conduction properties of afferent Aα/β-fibers and spinal wide-dynamic–range neuronal excitability.

Results:
Three consecutive daily SCS at different frequencies progressively inhibited mechanical hypersensitivity in an intensity-dependent manner. At 80% motor threshold, the ipsilateral paw withdrawal threshold (% preinjury) increased significantly from pre-SCS measures, beginning with the first day of SCS at the frequencies of 1 kHz (50.2 ± 5.7% from 23.9 ± 2.6%, n = 19, mean ± SEM) and 10 kHz (50.8 ± 4.4% from 27.9 ± 2.3%, n = 17), whereas it was significantly increased beginning on the second day in the 50 Hz group (38.9 ± 4.6% from 23.8 ± 2.1%, n = 17). At high intensity, both 1 and 50 Hz dorsal column stimulation reduced Aα/β-compound action potential size recorded at the sciatic nerve, but only 1 kHz stimulation was partially effective at the lower intensity. The number of actions potentials in C-fiber component of wide-dynamic–range neuronal response to windup-inducing stimulation was significantly decreased after 50 Hz (147.4 ± 23.6 from 228.1 ± 39.0, n = 13), but not 1 kHz (n = 15), dorsal column stimulation.

Conclusions:
Kilohertz SCS attenuated mechanical hypersensitivity in a time course and amplitude that differed from conventional 50 Hz SCS, and may involve different peripheral and spinal segmental mechanisms.
Age Estimation Based on Pulp Cavity to Tooth Volume Ratio Using Postmortem Computed Tomography Images
Authors: Sakuma Ayaka , Saitoh Hisako , Suzuki Yoichi , Makino Yohsuke , Inokuchi Go , Hayakawa Mutsumi , Yajima Daisuke , Iwase Hirotaro 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPulp cavity size is known to decrease with age and can therefore serve as an indicator for age estimation. Here, we evaluated whether reconstructed images of multidetector‐row computed tomography (MDCT) acquired before forensic autopsy are useful for estimating age at death. Images of 136 mandibular first premolars obtained from bodies of known age at death were analyzed, and the volume of the regions corresponding to pulp cavity and that of the whole tooth were determined using a voxel counting function. The pulp cavity was clearly distinguishable from dental hard tissue on the reconstructed images when using a cutoff value of 1400 Hounsfield units. Regression analysis adjusted for sex showed that estimated age correlated significantly with the pulp cavity to tooth volume ratio (r = 0.76). MDCT is gaining more widespread use in forensic medicine, and analyzing dental images to obtain parameters for age prediction is a practical approach for postmortem identification.
Information‐Theoretical Assessment of the Performance of Likelihood Ratio Computation Methods
Authors: Ramos Daniel , Gonzalez‐Rodriguez Joaquin , Zadora Grzegorz , Aitken Colin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPerformance of likelihood ratio (LR) methods for evidence evaluation has been represented in the past using, for example, Tippett plots. We propose empirical cross‐entropy (ECE) plots as a metric of accuracy based on the statistical theory of proper scoring rules, interpretable as information given by the evidence according to information theory, which quantify calibration of LR values. We present results with a case example using a glass database from real casework, comparing performance with both Tippett and ECE plots. We conclude that ECE plots allow clearer comparisons of LR methods than previous metrics, allowing a theoretical criterion to determine whether a given method should be used for evidence evaluation or not, which is an improvement over Tippett plots. A set of recommendations for the use of the proposed methodology by practitioners is also given.
Novel technique of cytolithotripsy for large bladder stones
Authors: Toktas Gokhan , Sacak Vural , Erkan Erkan , Kocaaslan Ramazan , Demiray Murat , Unluer Erdinc , Ozyalvacli M Emin 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIntroductionWe evaluated a minimally invasive surgical technique involving a single percutaneous access with a laparoscopic trocar under video‐cystoscopic vision for managing large bladder stones. All patients were candidates for open surgery.Materials and Surgical TechniqueFourteen patients with bladder stones larger than 3 cm in diameter or multiple stones were treated with this technique. The procedure involved the percutaneous placement of a laparoscopic trocar under cystoscopic control and the introduction of a rigid nephroscope into the bladder. Stones were cleansed via fragmentation or direct removal.DiscussionThe technique was successful in all cases, resulting in controlled, stone‐free bladders; there were no surgical complications. The mean operation time was comparable to that of standard management. All patients discharged uneventfully. None reported urethral stricture during the 24‐month follow‐up period. Percutaneous cystolithotripsy under endoscopic control is easy to perform and should be considered as an alternative for large or multiple bladder stones as it decreases the risk of urethral stricture.
Single‐port endo‐laparoscopic surgery in combined abdominal procedures
Authors: Kim Guowei , Lomanto Davide , Lawenko Michael M , Lopez‐Gutierrez Javier , Lee‐Ong Alembert , Iyer Shridhar Ganpathi , Cheah Wei Keat , So Jimmy Bok Yan , Tsang Charles Bih Shiou , Fong Yoke Fai 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSingle‐port endo‐laparoscopic surgery has gained support in the surgical community because it is perceived to offer a better postoperative outcome as it requires only a single incision. We write this prospective observational study to ascertain the feasibility and safety of this technique in patients otherwise requiring two operations. Five patients who underwent double procedures with a single‐port device were reviewed: Case 1, a transabdominal preperitoneal hernia repair and gastric wedge resection; Case 2, cholecystectomy and diaphragmatic hernia repair; Case 3, oophorectomy and incisional hernia repair; Case 4, anterior resection of the rectum and hepatic segmentectomy; and Case 5, left adrenalectomy and cholecystectomy. Patient demographics, type of port used, operative time, complications and incision length were collected. Mean operative time for the cases ranged from 100 to 315 min. Incision length for the single‐port device was 2 cm. In Case 2, an additional 5‐mm port was used and an intraoperative complication involving a laceration of the liver occurred during the suturing of the gallbladder fundus. An additional 8‐cm lower abdominal incision (Pfannenstiel) was required in Case 4 to complete the colonic anastomosis and for specimen retrieval. Single‐port endo‐laparoscopic surgery is a feasible and safe technique for approaching double procedures. It drastically reduces the number of scars that a double procedure creates, and if difficulty arises, another port can always be added to ease the operation. It can also potentially reduce the number of admissions and anesthesia that a patient undergoes.
Prospects for the provision of genotyped blood for transfusion
Authors: Denomme Gregory A. 
Published: July 2013

SummaryBlood group genotyping is gaining widespread adoption in blood centres and transfusion services. The current interest for a blood centre is its use as a screening tool to accurately predict donor phenotypes. However, not only is blood group genotyping used to screen for uncommon and rare types on a mass‐scale, it can be used to optimize the inventory of multiple antigen‐negative screened units. In addition, blood group genotyping provides blood types when antisera are not available, it can predict weak and variant antigens, and can aid in the resolution of ABO discrepancies. There are quality improvement benefits in blood group genotyping because it can screen for RHD alleles in Rh‐negative blood donors and can be used to confirm that donors are suitable for reagent red cell production. It is possible that blood group genotyping information may be used as a donor recruitment tool. Given that genotyping can convey much more information about the expression of some complex antigens, e.g. hrB, Uvar, and Duffy, clinical trials are probably needed to show that genotyped or ‘dry matched’ transfusions are superior to phenotyped blood.
Mutations in SETBP1 are recurrent in myelodysplastic syndromes and often coexist with cytogenetic markers associated with disease progression
Authors: Fernandez‐Mercado Marta , Pellagatti Andrea , Di Genua Cristina , Larrayoz Maria Jose , Winkelmann Nils , Aranaz Paula , Burns Adam , Schuh Anna , Calasanz Maria Jose , Cross Nicholas C. P. , Boultwood Jacqueline 
Published: July 2013

SummaryWhole exome sequencing was performed in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome before and after progression to acute myeloid leukaemia. Mutations in several genes, including SETBP1, were identified following leukaemic transformation. Screening of 328 patients with myeloid disorders revealed SETBP1 mutations in 14 patients (4·3%), 7 of whom had −7/del(7q) and 3 had i(17)(q10), cytogenetic markers associated with shortened overall survival and increased risk of leukaemic evolution. SETBP1 mutations were frequently acquired at the time of leukaemic evolution, coinciding with increase of leukaemic blasts. These data suggest that SETBP1 mutations may play a role in MDS and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia disease progression.
Primary treatment of the prostate improves local palliation in men who ultimately develop castrate‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Won Andy C.M. , Gurney Howard , Marx Gavin , De Souza Paul , Patel Manish I. 
Published: July 2013

Objectives
To determine whether local treatment of primary prostate cancer gives palliative benefit to men who later develop castrate‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Local treatments of primary prostate cancer are defined as radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) or external beam radiation therapy (EBRT).
Patients and Methods
Patient records were reviewed in five different hospitals in Sydney, Australia, and 263 men with CRPC were identified.
Eligible patients comprised men who had progressive disease during androgen deprivation therapy with castrate levels of testosterone.
Clinical and pathological data were reviewed and evaluated using the chi‐squared test and relative risk analysis to determine the relationship between previous local prostate treatment and complications secondary to local disease.
The end‐point was complications and morbidity attributed to cancer progression locally (i.e. from the prostate).
Results
Primary treatment of the prostate by either RRP or EBRT significantly reduces the incidence of local complications compared to no primary treatment (32.6% vs 54.6%; P = 0.001).
RRP showed a significantly lower level of local complications compared to EBRT (20.0% vs 46.7%; P = 0.007).
The most common local complications were bladder outlet obstruction (35.0%) and ureteric obstruction (15.2%).
Conclusions
The present retrospective analysis supports the hypothesis that primary local prostatic treatment gives palliative benefit to men who later develop CRPC.
RRP was associated with the lowest local complication rate experienced at the stage of metastatic disease.
High‐throughput Screening for Identification of Inhibitors of EpCAM‐Dependent Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Henrich Curtis J. , Budhu Anuradha , Yu Zhipeng , Evans Jason R. , Goncharova Ekaterina I. , Ransom Tanya T. , Wang Xin W. , McMahon James B. 
Published: July 2013

The cancer stem cell marker, EpCAM, is an important indicator of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling activation and a functional component of hepatocellular tumor‐initiating cells. A high‐throughput screening assay was developed to identify inhibitors of EpCAM‐dependent growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. EpCAM(+) and EpCAM(−) HCC cell lines were assessed for differential sensitivity to a Wnt/β‐catenin pathway inhibitor. Libraries comprising 22 668 pure compounds and 107 741 crude or partially purified natural product extracts were tested, and 12 pure compounds and 67 natural product extracts were identified for further study. Three active compounds and the positive control were further characterized in terms of effects on EpCAM expression. Treatment of EpCAM(+) Hep3B cells resulted in loss of EpCAM expression as assessed by flow cytometry. This reduction was incomplete (most cells continued to express EpCAM), but resulted in generation of cell populations expressing lower levels of EpCAM. Sublethal concentrations (~IC50) reduced median EpCAM expression to 28% of control after 1 day and 19% of control after 2 days. Reduction in EpCAM expression preceded growth inhibition suggesting that a threshold of EpCAM expression may be required for growth of EpCAM‐dependent cells. The identification of compounds with a variety of possible molecular targets suggests a likelihood of multiple mechanisms for modulation of EpCAM‐dependent cell growth.
Which aspects of an oral health–related quality of life measure are mainly associated with global ratings of oral health in children?
Authors: Krisdapong Sudaduang , Sheiham Aubrey 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the associations of global subjective ratings of oral health with different aspects of an oral health–related quality of life measure, namely total Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) and Child‐Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (Child‐OIDP) scores, extent and intensity of oral impacts, the different performance scores and oral impacts attributed to certain groups of oral conditions.MethodsThis study was part of the Sixth Thailand National Oral Health Survey. One thousand and sixty‐six 12‐year‐olds and 815 15‐year‐olds were interviewed on their OHRQoL using Child‐OIDP and OIDP indices, respectively, and rated their overall oral problems on 3‐point and 5‐point scales, respectively. Associations of global rating of oral health with different Child‐OIDP/OIDP outcome variables were estimated using Spearman's rank correlations and logistic regressions.ResultsChild‐OIDP/OIDP scores were significantly associated with global ratings. Intensity was associated with global ratings, whereas extent was not. Impacts of ‘very little’ intensity were associated with a slightly higher chance of having poorer oral health perceptions. Global ratings were associated most with oral impacts attributed to dental caries, but not with the impacts related to natural process, such as eruption. Eating, cleaning teeth, emotional stability and smiling, plus social contact in 15‐year‐olds were performances associated with global ratings. Fifteen‐year‐old girls were more likely to perceive more oral problems than boys.ConclusionsAssociations of global ratings of oral health with Child‐OIDP/OIDP scores were mainly due to the intensity of impacts. Global ratings were related to multidimensional aspects of children's quality of life.
Frequent exacerbators – a distinct phenotype of severe asthma
Authors: Kupczyk M. , ten Brinke A. , Sterk P. J. , Bel E. H. , Papi A. , Chanez P. , Nizankowska‐Mogilnicka E. , Gjomarkaj M. , Gaga M. , Brusselle G. , Dahlén B. , Dahlén S.‐E. ,   the BIOAIR investigators
Published: July 2013

SummaryBackgroundExacerbations represent a major source of morbidity and mortality in asthma and are a prominent feature of poorly controlled, difficult‐to‐treat disease.ObjectiveThe goal of our study was to provide a detailed characterization of the frequent exacerbator phenotype and to identify risk factors associated with frequent and seasonal exacerbations.MethodsNinety‐three severe asthmatics (SA) and 76 mild‐to‐moderate patients (MA) were screened and prospectively followed up for 1 year (NCT00555607). Medical history, baseline clinical data and biomarkers were used to assess risk factors for frequent exacerbations.ResultsDuring the study, 104 exacerbations were recorded in the SA group and 18 in the MA. Frequent exacerbators were characterized by use of higher doses of inhaled (1700 vs. 800 μg) and oral (6.7 vs. 1.7 mg) glucocorticosteroids, worse asthma control (ACQ score 2.3 vs. 1.4), lower quality of life (SGRQ score 48.5 vs. 33.3), higher sputum eosinophils (25.7% vs. 8.2%) and a more rapid decline in FEV1/FVC ratio (−0.07 vs. −0.01 ΔFEV1/FVC, frequent vs. non‐frequent, respectively, P < 0.05). Exhaled NO > 45 p.p.b. and a history of smoking were associated with an increased risk of frequent exacerbations (odds ratios: 4.32 and 2.90 respectively).Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceWe were able to distinguish and characterize a subphenotype of asthma subjects – frequent exacerbators – who are significantly more prone to exacerbations. Patients with FeNO > 45 p.p.b. and a history of smoking are at increased risk of frequent exacerbations and require careful monitoring in clinical practice.
Rehabilitation of Edentulous Mandibles by Means of Osseointegrated Implants: A 5‐Year Follow‐Up Study on One or Two‐Stage Surgery, Number of Implants, Implant Surfaces, and Age at Surgery
Authors: Friberg Bertil , Jemt Torsten 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackgroundIn three former reports, the present team has presented the 1‐year outcome of four different treatment procedures handling the edentulous mandible; that is, two‐stage and one‐stage surgery with turned Brånemark System® (Nobel Biocare AB, Gothenburg, Sweden) implants (Group 1 and 2) and one‐stage surgery using either 5 or 4 TiUnite™ (Nobel Biocare AB, Gothenburg, Sweden) implants (Group 3 and 4).PurposeThe aim of the present investigation was to follow up these patients for a period of 5 years with regard to implant/prosthesis cumulative survival rates, marginal bone loss calculations, clinical complications, and results related to age at surgery.Materials and MethodsA total of 385 patients, provided with 1,838 implants, were originally included in the four patient groups. All patients received fixed prostheses. The overall majority of patients had each five implants placed. Radiographs were obtained at prosthesis delivery, at the 1 and 5‐year follow‐up.ResultsA total of 1,230 implants in 259 patients (67%) were possible to follow up for 5 years. Implant Cumulative Survival Rates (CSR) in 5 years for Groups 1–4 were 99.7, 97.0, 98.5, and 98.6%. The corresponding prosthesis treatment CSR was 100, 99.3, 98.5, and 98.6%, respectively. Significantly, more patients (p < .05) lost turned implants after one‐stage surgery (Group 2). Frequency distributions of implants revealed that >1.2 mm bone loss was observed around 75 implants (6.4%). The moderately rough central (midline) implant showed more bone loss than other placed implants (Group 3; p < .05). The youngest half of included patients at surgery (Youngest50%; n = 193) presented significantly higher mortality than older patients as well as compared to normal population (p < .05). Patients in the Younger50% group showed also an association to patients with complete loss of all implants and patients with most implants with obvious bone loss after 5 years.ConclusionsAll four treatment procedures served well during the 5 years of follow‐up and only eight patients (2.1%) were complete failures or showed obvious bone loss (>1.8 mm) at several implants (>2 implants), mostly observed in younger patients. The few complications in relation to implant failure and/or obvious bone loss could be associated to both local impact factors (surface, implant site, surgical protocol) as well as to host response factors (systemic health).
Osteoinductive and Osteopromotive Variability among Different Demineralized Bone Allografts
Authors: Wei Lingfei , Miron Richard J. , Shi Bin , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this investigation was to compare the osteoinductive and osteopromotive potential of two widely used demineralized freeze‐dried bone allografts (DFDBA) (Osteotech® DFDBA and LifeNet® DFDBA).Material and MethodsTwenty‐seven male Wistar rats (mean body weight 200 g) were treated with either DFDBA from Osteotech and LifeNet or control for femoral and intramuscular defects and assigned to histological analysis at 2, 4, and 8 weeks postimplantation. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Safranin‐O, tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and osteopontin (OPN) staining were performed. Quantitative analysis of mineralized new bone to total volume (BV/TV) was assessed by micro‐computed tomography.ResultsBoth allografts demonstrated osteoinductive potential at 2 weeks as assessed by intramuscular bone formation. LifeNet DFDBA displayed continual new bone formation at 4 and 8 weeks, whereas Osteotech particles were fully resorbed by 4 weeks postimplantation. Femur defects demonstrated significantly greater BV/TV at 4 and 8 weeks with higher expression of OPN staining around LifeNet DFDBA particles. TRAP‐positive cells were visible in and around both allograft materials.ConclusionThe results from the present study indicate that variability among allografts exists. In the present, LifeNet DFDBA supported more new bone formation. Further larger animal models or clinical trials are required to validate these findings.
Correlation between the Bone Density Recorded by a Computerized Implant Motor and by a Histomorphometric Analysis: A Preliminary In Vitro Study on Bovine Ribs
Authors: Iezzi Giovanna , Scarano Antonio , Di Stefano Danilo , Arosio Paolo , Doi Kazuya , Ricci Laura , Piattelli Adriano , Perrotti Vittoria 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the present preliminary in vitro study on bovine ribs was to validate a new intraoperative site‐specific classification of bone Density Index (IDI), obtained by an innovative computerized implant motor, by correlating these data with the data obtained by the histomorphometrical evaluation of the same samples.Materials and MethodsFive segments of bovine ribs were used, and a total of 22 perforations were performed. A computerized implant motor (“Torque Measuring Motor”) was used to evaluate the bone density, which was classified into four classes: ID1, ID2, ID3, and ID4. Histomorphometrical analysis of bone density, expressed as percentage of bony trabeculae over the total biopsy area, was also performed. The data of bone density obtained by the implant motor were statistically correlated with the histomorphometrical results.ResultsA significant positive correlation was found between the bone density measured by the implant motor and the bone density assessed by histomorphometry (r = 0.89, p < .0001). Moreover, a significant positive correlation in D1, D2, and D4, whereas a negative, not significant correlation in D3 was found.ConclusionWithin the limitations of this in vitro study, the intraoperative site‐specific classification of bone density, obtained with this innovative system, could be helpful for the clinician to tailor the surgical protocol to the different situations in implant dentistry.