bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vigorous physical activity impairs myocardial function in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and in mutation positive family members
Authors: Saberniak Jørg , Hasselberg Nina E. , Borgquist Rasmus , Platonov Pyotr G , Sarvari Sebastian I. , Smith Hans‐Jørgen , Ribe Margareth , Holst Anders G. , Edvardsen Thor , Haugaa Kristina H. 
Published: October 2014

AimsExercise increases risk of ventricular arrhythmia in subjects with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). We aimed to investigate the impact of exercise on myocardial function in ARVC subjects.Methods and ResultsWe included 110 subjects (age 42 ± 17 years), 65 ARVC patients and 45 mutation‐positive family members. Athletes were defined as subjects with ≥4 h vigorous exercise/week [≥1440 metabolic equivalents (METs × minutes/week)] during a minimum of 6 years. Athlete definition was fulfilled in 37/110 (34%) subjects. We assessed right ventricular (RV) and left ventricular (LV) myocardial function by echocardiography, and by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The RV function by RV fractional area change (FAC), RV global longitudinal strain (GLS) by echocardiography, and RV ejection fraction (EF) by MRI was reduced in athletes compared with non‐athletes (FAC 34 ± 9% vs. 40 ± 11%, RVGLS –18.3 ± 6.1% vs. –22.0 ± 4.8%, RVEF 32 ± 8% vs. 43 ± 10%, all P < 0.01). LV function by LVEF and LVGLS was reduced in athletes compared with non‐athletes (LVEF by echocardiography 50 ± 10% vs. 57 ± 5%, LVEF by MRI 46 ± 6% vs. 53 ± 8%, and LVGLS –16.7 ± 4.2% vs. –19.4 ± 2.9%, all P < 0.01). The METs × minutes/week correlated with reduced RV and LV function by echocardiography and MRI (all P < 0.01). The LVEF by MRI was also reduced in subgroups of athlete index patients (46 ± 7% vs. 54 ± 10%, P = 0.02) and in athlete family members (47 ± 3% vs. 52 ± 6%, P < 0.05).ConclusionAthletes showed reduced biventricular function compared with non‐athletes in ARVC patients and in mutation‐positive family members. The amount and intensity of exercise activity was associated with impaired LV and RV function. Exercise may aggravate and accelerate myocardial dysfunction in ARVC.
Chitosan/AuNPs Modified Graphene Electrochemical Sensor for Label‐Free Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Detection
Authors: Teixeira Sofia , Ferreira Nadia S. , Conlan Robert Steven , Guy O. J. , Sales M. Goreti F. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA new immunosensor is presented for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), made by electrodepositing chitosan/gold‐nanoparticles over graphene screen‐printed electrode (SPE). The antibody was covalently bound to CS via its Fc‐terminal. The assembly was controlled by electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and followed by Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR). The hCG‐immunosensor displayed linear response against the logarithm‐hCG concentration for 0.1–25 ng/mL with limit of detection of 0.016 ng/mL. High selectivity was observed in blank urine and successful detection of hCG was also achieved in spiked samples of real urine from pregnant woman. The immunosensor showed good detection capability, simplicity of fabrication, low‐cost, high sensitivity and selectivity.
Damage index based on stiffness degradation of low‐rise RC walls
Authors: Carrillo Julian 
Published: October 2014

SummaryWidely used damage indices, such as ductility and drift ratios, do not account for the influences of the duration of strong shaking, the cumulative inelastic deformation or energy dissipation in structures. In addition, the formulation and application of most damage indices have until now been based primarily on flexural modes of failure. However, evidence from earthquakes suggests that shear failure or combined shear‐flexure behavior is responsible for a large proportion of failures. Empirical considerations have been made in this paper for evaluating structural damage of low‐rise RC walls under earthquake ground motions by means of a new energy‐based low‐cycle fatigue damage index. The proposed empirical damage index is based on the results of an experimental program that comprised six shake table tests of RC solid walls and walls with openings; results of six companion walls tested under QS‐cyclic loading were used for comparison purposes. Variables studied were the wall geometry, type of concrete, web shear steel ratio, type of web shear reinforcement, and testing method. The index correlates the stiffness degradation and the destructiveness of the earthquake in terms of the duration and intensity of the ground motions. The stiffness degradation model considers simultaneously the increment of damage associated to the low‐cycle fatigue, energy dissipation, and the cumulative cyclic parameters, such as displacement demand and hysteretic energy dissipated. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impairment of functional integration of the default mode network correlates with cognitive outcome at three months after stroke
Authors: Dacosta‐Aguayo Rosalia , Graña Manuel , Iturria‐Medina Yasser , Fernández‐Andújar Marina , López‐Cancio Elena , Cáceres Cynthia , Bargalló Núria , Barrios Maite , Clemente Immaculada , Toran Pera , Forés Rosa , Dávalos Antoni , Auer Tibor , Mataró Maria 
Published: October 2014

AbstractResting‐state studies conducted with stroke patients are scarce. The study of brain activity and connectivity at rest provides a unique opportunity for the investigation of brain rewiring after stroke and plasticity changes. This study sought to identify dynamic changes in the functional organization of the default mode network (DMN) of stroke patients at three months after stroke. Eleven patients (eight male and three female; age range: 48–72) with right cortical and subcortical ischemic infarctions and 17 controls (eleven males and six females; age range: 57–69) were assessed by neurological and neuropsychological examinations and scanned with resting‐state functional magnetic ressonance imaging. First, we explored group differences in functional activity within the DMN by means of probabilistic independent component analysis followed by a dual regression approach. Second, we estimated functional connectivity between 11 DMN nodes both locally by means of seed‐based connectivity analysis, as well as globally by means of graph‐computation analysis. We found that patients had greater DMN activity in the left precuneus and the left anterior cingulate gyrus when compared with healthy controls (P < 0.05 family‐wise error corrected). Seed‐based connectivity analysis showed that stroke patients had significant impairment (P = 0.014; threshold = 2.00) in the connectivity between the following five DMN nodes: left superior frontal gyrus (lSFG) and posterior cingulate cortex (t = 2.01); left parahippocampal gyrus and right superior frontal gyrus (t = 2.11); left parahippocampal gyrus and lSFG (t = 2.39); right parietal and lSFG (t = 2.29). Finally, mean path length obtained from graph‐computation analysis showed positive correlations with semantic fluency test (r
s = 0.454; P = 0.023), phonetic fluency test (r
s = 0.523; P = 0.007) and the mini mental state examination (r
s = 0.528; P = 0.007). In conclusion, the ability to regulate activity of the DMN appears to be a central part of normal brain function in stroke patients. Our study expands the understanding of the changes occurring in the brain after stroke providing a new avenue for investigating lesion‐induced network plasticity. Hum Brain Mapp 36:577–590, 2015. © 2014 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impediments to Mental Health Treatment as Predictors of Mental Health Symptoms Following Combat
Authors: Wright Kathleen M. , Britt Thomas W. , Moore DeWayne 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis longitudinal study examined whether impediments to mental health treatment would predict changes in mental health symptoms (posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] and depression) in the months following soldiers returning from combat. Three‐hundred ten combat veterans completed measures of impediments to treatment and measures of PTSD and depression symptoms at 2, 3, and 4 months following a 15‐month combat deployment. Structural equation modeling revealed that greater impediments (a latent variable indexed by stigma, practical barriers, and negative treatment attitudes) at 2 months predicted increased PTSD and depression symptoms from 2–3 months (β = .14) and greater impediments at 3 months predicted increased symptoms from 3–4 months (β = .26). In contrast, evidence was not obtained for the opposite causal direction of symptoms predicting higher levels of impediments at the different periods. Possible mechanisms for the predictive effects of impediments are discussed.
Quality of Life in Ethiopia's Street Youth at a Rehabilitation Center and the Association With Trauma
Authors: Mannert Kerstin , Dehning Sandra , Krause Daniela , Leitner Bianka , Rieder Georg , Siebeck Matthias , Tesfaye Markos , Abera Mubarek , Hailesilassie Hailemariam , Tesfay Kenfe , Jobst Andrea 
Published: October 2014

AbstractQuality of life (QOL) tends to be lower among the homeless than the general population, and traumatic events experienced on the streets have a negative impact on QOL. Low‐income countries face a high number of street youth, yet little research has been performed so far on QOL, trauma, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among this group. This study aimed at examining the QOL of a sample of Ethiopian street youth within a rehabilitation program and at exploring whether the street youth have experienced traumatic events and show posttraumatic stress symptoms. We interviewed 84 street youths with the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL‐BREF) and the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents (DICA). Mean QOL scores differed significantly between the groups assessed at the beginning and at the end of the program (Cohen's d = 0.48). Eighty‐three percent of the Ethiopian street youths had experienced traumatic events, and 25.0% met criteria for PTSD according to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. QOL did not differ between those with and without PTSD symptoms. These findings show the high rate of traumatic events among Ethiopian street youth and the importance for rehabilitation programs that focus on improving QOL. The results of the study may have cultural limitations.
Resilience and Mental Health in Adult Survivors of Child Abuse Associated with the Institution of the Austrian Catholic Church
Authors: Lueger‐Schuster Brigitte , Weindl Dina , Kantor Viktoria , Knefel Matthias , Glück Tobias , Moy Yvonne , Butollo Asisa , Jagsch Reinhold 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn recent years, reports of institutional abuse within the Catholic Church have emerged and research on the consequences on mental health is in its beginnings. In this study, we report findings on current mental health and resilience in a sample of adult survivors of institutional abuse (N = 185). We compared 3 groups of survivors that differed regarding their current mental health to investigate aspects of resilience, coping, and disclosure. The majority of the sample was male (76.2%), the mean age was 56.28 (SD = 9.46) years, and more than 50.0% of the sample was cohabiting/married. Most of the survivors reported severe mental health problems. Known protective factors (education, social support, age) were not associated with mental health in our sample. Our findings corroborate that institutional abuse has long‐term effects on mental health. We found that fewer emotional reactions during disclosure, task‐oriented coping, and optimism were associated with better mental health. The study was limited by a cross‐sectional design, but we conclude that the kind of institutional abuse reported is especially adverse, and thus typical protective factors for mental health do not apply. Future research should focus on intrapersonal factors and institutional dynamics to improve treatment for persons affected by institutional abuse.
PTSD Diagnoses Among Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans: Comparison of Administrative Data to Chart Review
Authors: McCarron Kelly K. , Reinhard Matthew J. , Bloeser Katharine J. , Mahan Clare M. , Kang Han K. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTo guide budgetary and policy‐level decisions, the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) produces quarterly reports that count the number of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) codes for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; 309.81) in their electronic medical record administrative data. We explored the accuracy of VA administrative data (i.e., diagnostic codes used for billing purposes), by comparing it to chart review evidence of PTSD (i.e., medical progress notes and all other clinical documentation contained in the entire VA medical record). We reviewed VA electronic medical records for a nationwide sample of 1,000 Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with at least one ICD‐9‐CM code for PTSD in their VA administrative data. Among veterans sampled, 99.9% had 2 or more ICD‐9‐CM codes for PTSD. Reviewing all VA electronic medical record notes for these 1,000 veterans for the full course of their VA health care history revealed that PTSD was diagnosed by a mental health provider for 89.6%, refuted for 5.6%, and PTSD was never evaluated by a mental health provider for 4.8%. VA treatment notes for the 12 months preceding chart review showed that 661 veterans sampled received a VA PTSD diagnosis during that 12‐month timeframe, and of these 555 were diagnosed by a mental health provider (83.9%). Thus, the presence of an ICD‐9‐CM code for PTSD approximated diagnoses by VA mental health providers across time points (89.6% for entire treatment history and 83.9% for 12 months prior to chart review). Administrative data offer large‐scale means to track diagnoses and treatment utilization; however, their limitations are many, including the inability to detect false‐negatives.
Blending of Diblock and Triblock Copolypeptide Amphiphiles Yields Cell Penetrating Vesicles with Low Toxicity
Authors: Rodriguez April R. , Choe Uh‐Joo , Kamei Daniel T. , Deming Timothy J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe prepared dual hydrophilic triblock copolypeptide vesicles that form both micron and nanometer scale vesicles in aqueous media. The incorporation of terminal homoarginine segments into methionine sulfoxide‐based vesicles was found to significantly enhance their cellular uptake compared to a non‐ionic control. We also demonstrated that diblock and triblock copolypeptides with similar hydrophobic domains were found to mix well and form vesicle populations with uniform compositions. Blending of amphiphiles in vesicle nanocarriers was found to impart these materials with many advantageous properties, including good cellular uptake while maintaining minimal toxicity, as well as biological responsiveness to promote vesicle disruption and release of encapsulated cargos.
Successfully achieving target weight loss influences subsequent maintenance of lower weight and dropout from treatment
Authors: Yamada Tomohide , Hara Kazuo , Svensson Akiko Kishi , Shojima Nobuhiro , Hosoe Jun , Iwasaki Minaka , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Kadowaki Takashi 
Published: October 2014

ObjectivesThe influence of the amount and rate of weight loss on subsequently regaining weight and dropout from treatment in severely obese patients targeting 5% weight loss was investigated.MethodsA total of 120 consecutive hospital patients with severe obesity (BMI: 42 ± 9 kg/m2) participated in an inpatient program targeting 5% weight loss that involved goal setting, charting weight four times daily, and diet and exercise. They were followed after discharge to assess subsequent regaining of weight and dropout.ResultsMean weight loss was 4.9 ± 2.4% after a mean of 19 days in the hospital, and 43% of the patients achieved the target weight loss (>5%). Over the median 2‐year follow‐up period, greater than 5% in‐hospital weight loss was associated with a significantly lower risk of regaining weight after adjustment for various factors (>5% to ≤7% loss: hazard ratio 0.30 [0.11‐0.85] for regaining all of the lost weight and 0.32 [0.13‐0.78] for regaining half of the lost weight). No significant relation between the amount or rate of weight loss and dropout from subsequent outpatient treatment was seen.ConclusionsSuccessfully achieving the target weight loss in a comprehensive program predicts subsequent maintenance of lower weight without increasing the risk of dropout. Successful in‐hospital weight loss might increase the motivation of obese patients.
Monogenic diabetes and type 1 diabetes mellitus: a challenging combination
Authors: Uday Suma , Campbell Fiona M , Cropper Julie , Shepherd Maggie 
Published: October 2014

AbstractThe co‐existence of maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) due to a glucokinase gene (GCK) mutation and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is rarely diagnosed. We present a family with GCK mutation, where one member also has T1DM. We highlight the challenges faced in the management of a child with dual diagnosis, due to the higher threshold for activation of counter‐regulatory hormones in GCK mutations. Fluctuations in blood glucose (BG) levels and significant hypoglycaemia on attempts at normalising BG levels complicate management in these patients. Resetting the threshold for hypoglycaemia and target BG, combined with insulin pump therapy, enabled us to significantly reduce hypoglycaemia and improve quality of life. The population prevalence of GCK‐MODY is 1.1 in 1000. T1DM neither predisposes to nor protects from GCK‐MODY; one would therefore expect the prevalence of GCK‐MODY to be the same in T1DM patients.In conclusion, it is important to recognise the co‐existence of T1DM and GCK‐MODY as symptoms of hypoglycaemia at BG levels usually considered ‘within target’ pose management challenges. A combined diagnosis warrants careful consideration of BG target. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Paediatric and adolescent diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Brink Stuart J 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the two acute emergency situations in those who have diabetes mellitus. DKA should be identifiable and is often preventable. Any associated complications of DKA should also be preventable with proper education and treatment. Awareness of presenting signs and symptoms, on the part of the general public, primary care providers and emergency department personnel, should help minimise the severity of DKA through earlier diagnosis and focusing on appropriate physiologic treatment as well as close, ongoing monitoring to minimise potential lethal DKA complications such as cerebral oedema. Missed diagnosis, late diagnosis, inappropriate treatment, delayed treatment and lack of appropriate monitoring are usually associated with more morbidity and mortality as well as increased hospital costs. Insulin treatment is only one part of DKA management. Fluid and electrolyte monitoring and treatment are often a critical aspect of such management. All aspects of DKA recognition, treatment and prevention must be emphasised to decrease DKA morbidity and mortality around the world. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cosmological implications from O(D, D)
Authors: Ma C.‐T. , Chen C.‐M. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDouble field theory (DFT) offers a manifest O(D, D) formulation for massless closed string field theory with both momentum and winding excitations. The gauge symmetry is defined by the generalized Lie derivative which is the extension of the Courant bracket. In this work, we solve and study the properties of FRW (Friedmann‐Robertson‐Walker) and doubled spherically symmetric metric of DFT.
ADM reduction of Einstein action and black hole entropy
Authors: Park I.Y. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractWe reduce the 4D Einstein‐Hilbert action to a constant‐radius hypersurface of foliation. The resulting theory is a scalar theory defined on a 3D hypersurface of the original black hole background, and has an exponential potential. Once the the hypersurface is located at the Schwarzschild radius, the 3D theory is effectively reduced to a 2D Liouville type theory. We compute the entropy associated with the hypersurface intrinsic degrees of freedom, and show that its leading order reproduces the Bekenstein‐Hawking area law. The subleading terms come in logarithm/inverse powers of the area.
Learning with handoff cost constraint for network selection in heterogeneous wireless networks
Authors: Du Zhiyong , Wu Qihui , Yang Panlong 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn heterogeneous wireless networks, network selection algorithms provide the user with the optimum network access choice. The optimal network is evaluated according to network parameters. Considering that the network parameters are dynamic and unavailable for the user in realistic heterogeneous wireless network environments, most existing network selection algorithms cannot work effectively. Learning‐based algorithms can address the problem of uncertain network parameters, while they commonly need considerable network handoff, resulting in unbearable handoff cost. In order to tackle the uncertainty of network parameters, we formulate the network selection problem as a multi‐armed bandit problem. Moreover, two online learning‐based network selection algorithms with a special consideration on reducing network handoff cost are proposed. By updating in a block manner, both algorithms achieve optimal logarithmic‐order regret and limited network handoff cost. The simulation indicates that the two algorithms can significantly reduce the network handoff cost and improve the transmission performance compared with existing algorithms, simultaneously. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What is the Incidence of Biliary Carcinoma in Choledochal Cysts, When Do They Develop, and How Should it Affect Management?
Authors: Sastry Amit V. , Abbadessa Benjamin , Wayne Michael G. , Steele Justin G. , Cooperman Avram M. 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
The incidence of cancer in choledochal cysts (CCs) in adults was calculated to determine the timing and need for surgery. In 78 publications (1996–2010), 434 of 5780 reported CCs patients had cancer. Cholangiocarcinoma (70.4 %) and gallbladder cancer (23.5 %) were the most common malignancies. Only nine malignancies were reported before age 18 (0.42 %). In contrast, the incidence of malignancy in adults was 11.4 %. The median age for diagnosis of cancer was 42 years, and the incidence increased with each decade.
On investigation of interdependence between sub-problems of the Travelling Thief Problem
Authors: Mei Yi , Li Xiaodong , Yao Xin 
Published: October 2014

Abstract
In this paper, the interdependence between sub-problems in a complex overall problem is investigated using a benchmark problem called Travelling Thief Problem (TTP), which is a combination of Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) and Knapsack Problem (KP). First, the analysis on the mathematical formulation shows that it is impossible to decompose the problem into independent sub-problems due to the non-linear relationship in the objective function. Therefore, the algorithm for TTP is not straightforward although each sub-problem alone has been investigated intensively. Then, two meta-heuristics are proposed for TTP. One is the Cooperative Co-evolution (CC) that solves the sub-problems separately and transfers the information between them in each generation. The other is the Memetic Algorithm (MA) that solves TTP as a whole. The comparative results showed that MA consistently obtained much better results than both the standard and dynamic versions of CC within comparable computational budget. This indicates the importance of considering the interdependence between sub-problems in an overall problem like TTP.