bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron status and anemia as predictors for acute bronchiolitis severity
Authors: Ragab Shereen A. , Razik Ahmed Abdel , Sharaby Radwa El , Elmeazawy Rehab 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) on the severity of symptoms in infants hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis.

Methods
This is a case–control study, which was carried out on 80 infants from November 2022 to April 2023. The study involved 60 infants ranging in age from 2 months to 2 years, who were admitted to the Pediatric Pulmonology Unit and met the diagnostic criteria for acute bronchiolitis. Furthermore, a control group of 20 apparently healthy infants was incorporated into the study.

Results
This study showed that patients with moderate and severe bronchiolitis exhibited notably reduced levels of hemoglobin, HCT, MCV, MCH, and MCHC. Concerning the iron status, a substantial decrease in serum iron and increase in TIBC in the severe group (P = 0.012, 0.001, respectively). No substantial correlation was detected between the severity of acute bronchiolitis and serum ferritin levels. Hemoglobin and serum iron were found to be independent predictors of the severity of acute bronchiolitis.

Conclusions
Infants suffering from IDA exhibit increased vulnerability to acute bronchiolitis. The low levels of hemoglobin and serum iron may function as prognostic indicators for the severity of the condition in infants with acute bronchiolitis.
Exploring the Relationship Among Financial Hardship, Anxiety, and Depression in Patients With Cancer: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Yanez Betina , Perry Laura M. , Peipert John Devin , Kuharic Maja , Taub Chloe , Garcia Sofia F. , Diaz Alma , Buitrago Diana , Mai Quan , Gharzai Laila A. , Cella David , Kircher Sheetal M. 
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE
Financial hardship (FH) is a complex issue in cancer care, affecting material conditions, well-being, and coping behaviors. This study aimed to longitudinally examine FH, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and their associations while incorporating social determinants of health and health care cost covariates in a sample of patients diagnosed with cancer.

METHODS
This prospective, longitudinal cohort study analyzed data from 2,305 participants from the Northwestern University Improving the Management of Symptoms during and following Cancer Treatment trial. Outcomes assessed at baseline and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postbaseline included depressive symptoms, anxiety, and FH. Analysis involved random intercept cross-lagged panel models to explore between- and within-person effects, incorporating factors such as age, sex, insurance status, neighborhood area deprivation, health care charges, out-of-pocket costs, and health literacy.

RESULTS

The cohort had a mean age of 60.7 (standard deviation [SD] = 12.7) years and was mostly female (64.9%) and White (86.2%). Correlations were found between FH and depressive symptoms (
r
= 0.310) and anxiety (
r
= 0.289). A predictive relationship was observed between FH and depressive symptoms, with baseline and 6-month depressive symptom levels predicting later FH (baseline β = .079,
P
= .070; 6-month β = .072,
P
= .081) and 9-month FH significantly predicting 12-month depressive symptoms (β = .083,
P
= .025), even after accounting for health care charges and out-of-pocket costs. Baseline and 9-month anxiety showed a predictive relationship with subsequent FH (baseline β = .097,
P
= .023; 9-month β = .071,
P
= .068).

CONCLUSION
FH emerged as a prominent issue, with nearly half of participants experiencing some level of FH. Depressive symptoms and anxiety were related to FH. These findings underscore the need for a comprehensive approach in cancer care that concurrently addresses anxiety, depressive symptoms, and FH, recognizing their interconnected impact.
Liver Fat Accumulation Is Associated With Increased Insulin Secretion Independent of Total, Visceral, and Pancreatic Fat
Authors: Sandby Karoline , Krarup Thure , Chabanova Elizaveta , Geiker Nina R W , Magkos Faidon 
Published: August 2024

AbstractContextStudies in heterogeneous groups of people with respect to sex, body mass index (BMI), and glycemic status (normoglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes), indicate no relationship between liver fat accumulation and pancreatic insulin secretion.ObjectiveThis work aimed to better understand the association of liver fat with insulin secretion.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was conducted of 61 men with abdominal obesity who had high liver fat (HLF, ≥ 5.6% by magnetic resonance spectroscopy, n = 28) or low liver fat (LLF, n = 33), but were balanced on BMI, total body fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and pancreatic fat. A frequently sampled 5-hour oral glucose tolerance test with 11 samples, in conjunction with mathematical modeling, was used to compute indices of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion (oral minimal model).ResultsCompared to individuals with LLF, those with HLF had significantly greater fasting glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and triglycerides; lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; but similar glycated hemoglobin A1c. Areas under the 5-hour curve for glucose, insulin, and C-peptide were greater in the HLF group than the LLF group (by ∼10%, ∼38%, and ∼28%, respectively); fasting and total postprandial insulin secretion rates were approximately 37% and approximately 50% greater, respectively (all P &lt; .05); whereas the insulinogenic index was not different. HLF participants had lower whole-body and hepatic insulin sensitivity, disposition index, and total insulin clearance than LLF participants (all P &lt; .05).ConclusionAccumulation of liver fat is associated with increased insulin secretion independently of total adiposity, abdominal fat distribution, and pancreatic fat. Thereby, hyperinsulinemia in fatty liver disease is partly because of insulin hypersecretion and partly because of impaired insulin clearance.
Variations in Volume: Breast Size in Trans Women in Relation to Timing of Testosterone Suppression
Authors: Boogers Lidewij S , Sardo Infirri Sebastiaan A , Bouchareb Asma , Dijkman Benthe A M , Helder Danithsia , de Blok Christel J M , Liberton Niels P T J , den Heijer Martin , van Trotsenburg A S Paul , Dreijerink Koen M A , Wiepjes Chantal M , Hannema Sabine E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Context
Breast development is an important outcome for trans women receiving gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). Limited breast development has been reported, possibly because of testosterone exposure during puberty. The impact of puberty suppression (PS) on breast development is unclear.

Objective
To investigate the impact of PS and timing of PS prior to GAHT on breast volume and satisfaction.

Methods
In a cross-sectional study at a tertiary gender identity clinic, 60 trans women (aged 17-57 years) after 4.5 ± 1.7 years of GAHT were included, of whom 23 initiated PS early in puberty (Tanner stage G2-3), 17 late in puberty (Tanner stage G4-5), and 20 started GAHT in adulthood without prior PS. Breast volume was measured with a 3D scanner and breast satisfaction measured with a questionnaire. Comparisons of breast volumes were adjusted for fat percentage.

Results
Median breast volume was 115 mL (IQR, 68; 203), ie, bra cup size &lt; A. Breast volume was 47 mL (95% CI, −9; 104) larger in the late PS group compared to early PS but this difference was only 4 mL (95% CI, −67; 75) after correction for fat percentage. Breast volume in the adult group was comparable to the early and late PS groups (adult vs early PS 27 mL [95% CI, −28; 83] and adult vs late PS −20 mL [95% CI, −80; 40]). In total, 68% of subjects were satisfied with breast size (57% of early PS, 76% of late PS, and 70% of adult group).

Conclusion
Early start of PS was not associated with larger breast volume, suggesting that pubertal testosterone exposure does not affect breast volume after subsequent GAHT. Despite limited breast size, most trans women were satisfied with their breast development.
Controversy in mechanotransduction – the role of endothelial cell–cell junctions in fluid shear stress sensing
Authors: X Shaka , Aitken Claire , Mehta Vedanta , Tardajos-Ayllon Blanca , Serbanovic-Canic Jovana , Zhu Jiayu , Miao Bernadette , Tzima Ellie , Evans Paul , Fang Yun , Schwartz Martin A. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Fluid shear stress (FSS) from blood flow, sensed by the vascular endothelial cells (ECs) that line all blood vessels, regulates vascular development during embryogenesis, controls adult vascular physiology and determines the location of atherosclerotic plaque formation. Although a number of papers have reported a crucial role for cell–cell adhesions or adhesion receptors in these processes, a recent publication has challenged this paradigm, presenting evidence that ECs can very rapidly align in fluid flow as single cells without cell–cell contacts. To address this controversy, four independent laboratories assessed EC alignment in fluid flow across a range of EC cell types. These studies demonstrate a strict requirement for cell–cell contact in shear stress sensing over timescales consistent with previous literature and inconsistent with the newly published data.
As gentes na História da Educação:
Authors: Alexandra Lima da Silva  , Corrêa Custódio Maria Aparecida 
Published: August 2024

Quem são as gentes da história da educação? Agentes? Sujeitas? Mulheres de ontem? Às margens? Periféricas? Quando as margens dos rios encontram o asfalto das cidades? De quem é a rua asfaltada? Atravessam pontes? Cruzam fronteiras? Transitam nas encruzilhadas? Vozes silenciadas? Invisíveis ou invisibilizadas? Quem pode falar? Quem escuta? Quem tem medo do corpo vilipendiado da mulher negra? Quem escuta a criança violada? Quem exuma os ossos dos mortos? Vidas negras importam? Existe amor no encontro das vozes dissidentes? Solitárias? Solidárias? Quem se levanta? Quem se aquilomba? Consciência crítica para quem? Quem ensina a transgredir? Quem evade? Quem permanece? Quem rompe barreiras? Quem se afoga na inundação? Quem resiste? Quem se movimenta? Para onde vai? Quem encontra o caminho de volta para casa? Quem volta para a beira do Rio? Para o fundo do poço? Para o fundo do mar? Para a cova rasa? Para a vala exposta? Futuro para quem? O futuro é um espectro de cores. Luto é verbo. Para as pessoas que vivem às margens, periféricas, (in)visíveis, plurais, potentes.
Cognitive status, psychological state and needs of caregivers for elderly patients with home-induced pressure injuries: a qualitative study
Authors: Sun Jiaqi , Yu Ping , Zhou Linling , Lu Xiaojie 
Published: August 2024

Aims/Background Pressure injury stands as a global healthcare concern, primarily affecting elderly individuals. As the ageing of the global population shows no signs of slowing down, both society and the families of the affected individuals continue to bear the brunt of the consequences of pressure injuries. The majority of pressure injury cases are managed at home, and the occurrence and progression of pressure injuries in the elderly are closely associated with informal caregivers. This study aims to qualitatively explore the cognitive status of caregivers for elderly patients with home-induced pressure injuries, as well as their psychological state and needs during the caregiving process. Methods This research is qualitative, descriptive, and phenomenological in nature. A purposive sampling method was used. Eighteen caregivers of elderly patients with pressure injuries were selected from Jiangnan University Medical Centre as interviewees from June 2023 to August 2023. Semi-structured interviews were utilised to collect data regarding the caregivers' cognition, psychological state, and care-related needs while caring for elderly patients with home-induced pressure injuries. The data were then organised and analysed using Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis method and NVivo 11.0. Results Through the analysis of interview data from caregivers of elderly patients with home-induced pressure injuries, three main themes and nine subthemes were identified. The data analysis also revealed that the caregivers surveyed lacked the crucial awareness of preventing pressure injuries and that their caregiving practices were not up to standards. During the caregiving process, they were challenged with substantial stress while also experiencing negative emotions such as anxiety or depression. They had a strong desire for persistent medical support to alleviate the psychological and emotional challenges. Conclusion The findings of this study establish a collaborative relationship network among the hospitals, family, medical staff, and caregivers in the management of pressure injuries, but with a special attention to the caregivers' needs for disease-related knowledge and psychophysical support. Such relationships streamline communication between medical staff, patients, and their caregivers, facilitating the adoption of active and correct methods by caregivers to prevent and care for pressure injuries. This can positively impact the quality of care for pressure injuries, further improving the life quality of patients and their caregivers, controlling the incidence of pressure injuries, and reducing readmission rates.
Self-aligned focusing schlieren in optically constrained environments
Authors: Bathel Brett F. , Boyda Matthew T. , Weisberger Joshua M. 
Published: August 2024

A method is presented to acquire self-aligned focusing schlieren (SAFS)
images when the optical axis of the instrument is positioned at a
non-normal incidence angle to the background plane on which the grid
pattern is projected, or to the measurement plane on which gradients
in density are visualized, or both. This is accomplished by applying
the Scheimpflug principle and properly orienting the planes on which
the physical grid pattern and image sensor reside within the
instrument so that focused schlieren images on the measurement plane
can be captured. Focused schlieren images from laboratory tests, where
the background plane and measurement plane were separately and then
simultaneously oriented at non-normal incidence to the instrument’s
optical axis, were acquired with and without the appropriate
Scheimpflug adjustments. The results with the appropriate Scheimpflug
adjustments provided the highest quality focused schlieren images.
However, for the scale of the experiments in this work, it was
determined that the Scheimpflug adjustment to the image sensor
affected focused schlieren image quality more than adjustment to the
grid pattern plane. Based on the results of the initial experiments,
two demonstration tests were performed to highlight the applicability
of the technique in optically constrained environments. In the first
test, relatively good focused schlieren images were acquired using a
curved background plane. In the second test, two synchronized
high-speed (100 kHz) SAFS systems acquired images of a jet flow
with overlapping fields-of-view where their optical axes were at
non-normal incidence to the measurement plane, along which the jet
propagated. The resulting images were then stitched together in
post-processing so that an extended field-of-view could be imaged at a
resolution and framing rate that exceeded that of a single high-speed
SAFS system. In general, the results of this work show that
high-quality focused schlieren images can be obtained with the
background plane and measurement plane oriented over a large range of
angles relative to the SAFS instrument’s optical axis.
Association between blood lead, cadmium, selenium levels and hyperlipidemia: A population-based study
Authors: Zhuang Yangping , Wang Yu , Sun Peifen , Ke Jun , Chen Feng 
Published: August 2024

Background
There are limited epidemiological investigations of blood metal levels related to hyperlipidemia, and results indicating the association between blood lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and selenium (Se), and lipid biomarkers have been conflicting.

Methods
We included populations for which NHANES collected complete data. Multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to ascertain the relationship between blood Pb, Cd, and Se levels and hyperlipidemia. Nonlinear relationships were characterized by smoothed curve fitting and threshold effect analysis.

Results
5429 participants in all, with a mean age of 53.70 ± 16.63 years, were included; 47.1% of the subjects were male, and 3683 (67.8%) of them had hyperlipidemia. After modifying for variables with confounders in a multivariate logistic regression model, we discovered a positive correlation between blood Pb and Se levels and hyperlipidemia (Pb: OR:2.12, 95% CI:1.56–2.88; Se: OR:1.84, 95% CI:1.38–2.45). Gender, age, smoking status, alcohol use status, hypertension, diabetes, and body mass index were not significantly linked with this positive correlation, according to subgroup analysis and interaction test (P for interaction>0.05). Positive correlations between blood Pb, Cd, and Se levels and the risk of hyperlipidemia have been found using smooth curve fitting.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that higher blood levels of Pb, Cd, and selenium are linked to an increased risk of hyperlipidemia.
Understanding money-management behaviour and its potential determinants among undergraduate students: A scoping review
Authors: Cappelli Theepa , Banks Adrian P. , Gardner Benjamin 
Published: August 2024

Background
University students typically face acute financial pressure, which can adversely impact mental health, wellbeing, and academic outcomes. This scoping review of qualitative and quantitative studies aimed to identify distinct money-management behaviours, and psychological determinants, to inform future interventions.

Methods
Two electronic databases were searched for observational studies focusing on money-management behaviours and their correlates (in quantitative studies) or reflections on experiences of such behaviours (qualitative studies). Of 789 unique papers identified, 12 papers, reporting 10 distinct studies (six quantitative, two qualitative, two mixed-methods), were entered into review. We inductively categorised all behaviours and psychological correlates, and narratively synthesised findings.

Results
We documented 15 distinct money-management behaviours, which fitted five higher-order categories: budgeting, saving (i.e., building funds), spending, borrowing, and settling debts. Twenty-two distinct potential correlates were observed, which fitted six categories: personality characteristics, financial beliefs and knowledge, attitudes, affective responses, self-efficacy and control, and social influences. Financial beliefs and knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy and control, and social support from parents and peers were generally associated with ‘better’ money management practices.

Conclusion
Heterogeneity in behaviours and correlates studied precluded definitive conclusions. Future studies should more comprehensively adopt theories and concepts from behavioural science, to distinguish between different money-management behaviours, identify which behaviours have most impact on students, and establish which specific determinants are most related to which money-management behaviours.
What medical specialists want to stay in remote areas of Indonesia: Discrete choice experiments
Authors: Kurniati Anna , Efendi Ferry , Widowati Angger Rina , Simanjuntak Agustina , Mudina Siska , Ikhwansyah Budi , Noor Arif Yustian Maulana , McKenna Lisa 
Published: August 2024

Introduction
The equitable distribution of medical specialists in Indonesia’s remote areas remains a challenge. This study investigated the preferences of medical specialists regarding retention programs aimed at addressing this issue.

Methods
A Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) was utilized to collect stated preferences from 341 medical specialist working in district general hospitals across 10 Indonesian provinces. The DCE retention questionnaire focused on eight key characteristics: location, medical facilities, net income, continuing professional development program, security, length of commitment, source of incentives, and caseload.

Results
The study found that the most influential factors for retention in remote areas were security guarantees from the local government (OR = 6.11), fully funded continuing professional development programs (OR = 2.84), and access to advanced medical facilities (OR = 2.35).

Conclusion
The findings indicate that a comprehensive intervention package, with a particular emphasis on security provisions, is necessary to retain medical specialists in remote areas. Financial incentives are also recommended to improve retention. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that no single intervention will suffice, as the factors influencing specialist retention in remote areas of Indonesia are complex and multifaceted.
Effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on postoperative rehabilitation of rotator cuff tears: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xue Xiali , Kuati Amila , Fu Hao , Song Qingfa , Liu Qiang , Cui Guoqing 
Published: August 2024

Background
Rotator cuff tears are a common shoulder injury that significantly impacts patients’ daily lives and work abilities. Although surgical treatment methods for rotator cuff tears have been continuously improved with advances in medical technology, postoperative rehabilitation remains challenging. Therefore, finding effective rehabilitation treatments is crucial for improving patient prognosis and enhancing quality of life. This study will aim to systematically evaluate the impact of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on postoperative rehabilitation of rotator cuff tears, comprehensively assessing the efficacy and safety of LIPUS in postoperative recovery.

Methods
This protocol will search multiple databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify randomized controlled trials related to LIPUS for postoperative rehabilitation of rotator cuff tears. The search will encompass literature published from the inception of the databases up to April 2024. Methodological quality assessment and data extraction will be conducted using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analysis will be performed on appropriate studies using either random-effects or fixed-effects models, and subgroup analyses will be conducted to explore potential heterogeneity. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria will be included in the analysis. All analyses will be performed using Stata version 16.0.

Results
The incidence of rotator cuff tear rates will be assessed by imaging techniques such as MRI or ultrasound. Pain intensity will be scored using standardized pain assessment scales, such as the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Improved range of motion (ROM) in shoulder flexion, abduction, and rotation. Functional outcomes will be evaluated using effective measures such as Constant-Murley scores (CMS) and shoulder joint scores by American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES). Adverse events associated with LIPUS therapy, including skin irritation, increased pain, or any other complications. Subgroup analysis will also be carried out if possible.

Discussion and conclusion
Following the meta-analysis, we will assess the overall effect of LIPUS on postoperative rehabilitation of rotator cuff tears, and further explore its impact on aspects such as pain relief, functional improvement, and postoperative complications. It is anticipated that this study will provide comprehensive evidence regarding the role of LIPUS in postoperative rehabilitation of rotator cuff tears, guiding clinical practice and future research. The resultant manuscript will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

Protocol registration number
CRD42024530798.