bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stages Of Gender Education In Canadian Secondary Schools
Authors: Zhukovskyi Vasyl , Kostiuk Olha 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe article deals with the issue of educational preconditions of gender education formation and development in Canadian secondary schools. On the basis of conducted scientific and pedagogical literature analysis it has been determined that gender education has undergone three main stages and is currently developing during its fourth, modern period.The research is focused on different aspects of gender education in Canadian schools, namely the objectives, principles, methods, content and means. The transformation dynamics of the aforementioned gender education dimensions at each stage has been examined. It has been concluded that the objectives of gender education in Canadian secondary schools have considerably evolved since 1960’s; the methods and means of teaching students about gender have become more versatile and relevant to the requirements of the present-day informational technology society; the content of gender education has extended its scope. The provision of gender education in secondary educational establishments in Canada has transformed from a haphazard “add women and stir” approach to a more consistent manner, which demands availability of certain policies (gender equity policy, anti-discrimination policy, safe schools policy) and codes of conduct in action at schools; integration of gender equity issues into different subject courses across the curriculum, as well as introducing separate fully-fledged courses, like “Women’s Studies”, “Men’s Studies”, “Gender Studies”.
New Missionaries
Authors: Flacks Marc 
Published: June 2015

Featuring a wide cast of players, from small-scale family-owned operations to large corporate enterprises, Flacks reports on contemporary olive oil production in California, presenting historical information, photos, and legislative testimony. Recent efforts to establish a mature California olive industry and standards, including those of the UC Davis Olive Center, the California Olive Oil Council, and state Senator Lois Wolk are described. The involvement of Spaniards in California olive oil production, from the earliest days of the state’s history, to current efforts to expand super high density olive groves, is highlighted.
Fluconazole and acetazolamide in the treatment of ectopic Cushing's syndrome with severe metabolic alkalosis
Authors: Schwetz Verena , Aberer Felix , Stiegler Claudia , R Pieber Thomas , Obermayer-Pietsch Barbara , Pilz Stefan 
Published: June 2015

SummaryCushing's syndrome (CS) due to ectopic ACTH production accounts for about 10% of all types of CS and is frequently associated with metabolic alkalosis. Treatment of CS involves surgical resection and/or medical therapy to control hypercortisolism. We present the case of an 80-year-old woman affected by CS due to an unknown cause. The patient had severe metabolic alkalosis with refractory hypokalemia. To treat the underlying CS, fluconazole was initiated due to unavailability of ketoconazole. In spite of markedly decreasing cortisol levels, metabolic alkalosis persisted. Treatment of metabolic alkalosis with acetazolamide was thus initiated and pH levels successfully lowered. This case report shows that hypercortisolism can be effectively treated with fluconazole in cases where ketoconazole is unavailable or not tolerated and that persistent severe metabolic alkalosis caused by glucocorticoid excess can be safely and successfully treated with acetazolamide.Learning pointsHypercortisolism can be effectively treated with fluconazole where ketoconazole is unavailable or not tolerated.Glucocorticoid excess can cause severe metabolic alkalosis.Persistent severe metabolic alkalosis can be safely and successfully treated with acetazolamide.
Retinoblastoma: epidemiologia e sobrevida em Sergipe
Authors: Bezerra da Silva Junior Eldon 
Published: June 2015

Objetivo: descrever a epidemiologia e a sobrevida por retinoblastoma dos pacientes oncológicos pediátricos cadastrados nos serviços públicos de oncologia pediátrica em Aracaju, Sergipe. Método: Foram analisados os prontuários de 1203 pacientes pediátricos oncológicos cadastrados nos dois principais serviços de oncologia pediátrica de Aracaju, no período de 1980 a 2010. Destes, foram selecionados aqueles pacientes com idade de até 20 anos, com diagnóstico de retinoblastoma. Os resultados foram apresentados em números absolutos e proporções (intervalo de confiança de 95%). A sobrevida foi avaliada através do método de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: Dos 54 pacientes que entraram neste estudo 49 (90,7%) eram provenientes do estado de Sergipe. Do total de casos, a maior parte (64,8%) foi proveniente do interior do estado. A prevalência foi maior no gênero feminino (53,7%). A faixa etária mais frequente foi a compreendida entre zero a quatro anos correspondendo a 49 casos (90,7%). O sintoma mais freqüente foi a mancha em olho (75,9%). A maior parte dos pacientes (53,7%) teve o diagnóstico após três meses do inicio dos sintomas. Observou-se que 27 pacientes (50%) evoluíram para o óbito. A sobrevida em cinco anos foi de 47,2%. Conclusões: As características clínicas e epidemiológicas do retinoblastoma encontrados neste estudo estão de acordo com o encontrado na literatura mundial. A sobrevida por retinoblastoma no estado de Sergipe é inferior à encontrada no Brasil e em países desenvolvidos.
MODERNIDADE, RAZÃO PENAL, CONSTITUIÇÃO E ARBÍTRIO
Authors: Sobral de Souza Patricia Veronica Nunes Carvalho 
Published: June 2015

Resumo: Toda sociedade para harmonizar os indivíduos que a compõe tem de ser submetida a sanções. Vários pensadores analisaram as razões e formas de penalidades existentes e passaram a estudar concepções mais pedagógicas da pena. A modernidade trouxe ao modelo estatal a ideia do contrato social (razão e arbítrio) para aquele indivíduo dotado de liberdade. Com a criação do Estado surge uma nova ideologia fundada na Constituição, na separação dos poderes e nos direitos individuais. A Constituição de 1988 assegurou princípios que compreendem o Direito Penal, contempla as ideias de cunho garantista, em que não é razoável abolir o Direito penal, nem abolir as prisões, mas garantir a sua utilização mínima, com base na legalidade e demais garantias acobertadas pela Carta Magna de 1988. Abstract: Every society to harmonize the individuals that compose it must be subjected to sanctions. Various thinkers have analyzed the reasons and forms of punishments and started studying pedagogical conceptions of sentence. Modernity has brought to the state model the idea of the social contract (reason and will) for that individual endowed with freedom. With the creation of the State arises a new ideology based on the Constitution, the separation of powers and individual rights. The 1988 Constitution ensured principles that comprise the Criminal Law contemplates the ideas of nature guarantees, it is not reasonable to abolish the criminal law, not abolish prisons, but ensure its minimal use, based on legality and covered up by other guarantees Constitution of 1988. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Modernidade; constitucionalismo; razão penal; arbítrio; garantismo penal. KEYWORDS: Modernity, constitutionalism; reason criminal; agency; guarantees criminal. Resumen: Cada sociedad para armonizar los individuos que lo componen deben ser objeto de sanciones. Varios pensadores han analizado las razones y formas de castigos y comenzó a estudiar la pluma concepciones pedagógicas. La modernidad ha traído al modelo de Estado la idea del contrato social (razón y voluntad) para ese individuo dotado de libertad. Con la creación del Estado viene una nueva ideología basada en la Constitución, la separación de poderes y los derechos individuales. La Constitución de 1988 principios asegurado que componen el Código Penal contempla las ideas de la naturaleza garantista, no es razonable que la abolición de la ley penal, ni abolir las prisiones, sino garantizar su uso mínimo, en base a las garantías legales y de otro silenciados por Magna Carta de 1988. PALABRAS CLAVE: Modernidad; constitucionalismo; criminal razón, la agencia; garantismo penal.
QUANDO “CURTIR” É PARTICIPAR? REFLEXÕES SOBRE MOBILIZAÇÕES E PARTICIPAÇÃO SOCIAL DA SOCIEDADE CIVIL NO FACEBOOK
Authors: Araújo Edgilson Tavares de , Brito Catiane Caldas de , Silveira Fernanda Nascimento 
Published: June 2015

Este trabalho busca contribuir para a análise dos
novos sentidos da participação social por meio das
novas tecnologias de comunicação e informação, especificamente,
das redes sociais virtuais como o Facebook.
O objetivo principal foi analisar criticamente
os comportamentos, atitudes e práticas da participação
da sociedade civil no Facebook, frente a questionamentos
sobre problemas de pública relevância e
preservação dos bens públicos. É descrita e analisada
uma experiência de ensino-aprendizagem realizada
no âmbito de uma disciplina ofertada no curso de graduação
em Gestão Pública, da Universidade Federal
do Recôncavo da Bahia, no qual se propôs uma metodologia
de Monitoramento das Mobilizações e Participação
Social da Sociedade Civil no Facebook. Os
resultados apontam para a efemeridade dos sentidos
da participação virtual que muitas vezes é traduzida
e reduzida a um “curtir”, bem como como este tipo de
participação serve muito mais nos níveis da terapia e
da informação, sendo por vezes usados para a manipulação.
Septic Arthritis of the Ankle Caused by Group-B Streptococci Following Blunt Trauma
Authors: Chin John , Douglas Thomas 
Published: June 2015

Case:
A healthy young adult underwent irrigation and debridement after experiencing minimal blunt trauma involving the ankle. Culture of synovial fluid demonstrated growth of group-B streptococci. Magnetic resonance imaging of the joint at three months of follow-up demonstrated synovitis without signs of osteomyelitis. At one year of follow-up, the patient reported resolution of pain and return of range of motion to normal baseline.

Conclusion:
Septic arthritis of the ankle can lead to joint destruction if not immediately diagnosed and treated. Empiric antimicrobial therapy should be administered while awaiting bacterial identification on the basis of culture of synovial fluid. Group-B streptococci are a more common cause of septic arthritis in the pediatric and peripartum populations; however, hematogenous spread can translocate these bacteria from the genitourinary tract to joints in all age groups.
Interview with Ralph Eads III
Authors: Eads Ralph 
Published: June 2015

The Way Ahead Interview
Ralph Eads is vice chairman of Jefferies LLC and global head of Jefferies’ Energy Investment Banking Group. His extensive mergers and acquisitions (M&A) experience includes working on more than USD 300 billion in energy M&A transactions. Before this, Eads was president of Randall & Dewey, which was acquired by Jefferies in 2005. His previous positions were executive vice president of El Paso Corp., handling its unregulated businesses; head of the energy group of Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette; and senior positions at S.G. Warburg and Lehman Brothers. Eads serves on the board of trustees of Duke University.
What or who inspired you to work in the oil and gas industry?
I am a fifth generation Texan and a native Houstonian, so I have been around the oil business my entire life. One of the things that drew me to the industry is all the great lore around it. I have always liked all the stories and the traditions of risk-taking and boom and bust. It is just a fascinating industry.
You have assumed various financial roles throughout your career in the industry. What roles do you or did you enjoy most and why?
I enjoy my current job the most. Here at Jefferies, we have a true combination of finance and technical expertise. It is stimulating to see interesting projects and to do technical analysis on individual plays. You get the transactional activity associated with finance, but you also get exposed to the innovation in the industry.
How do fluctuating oil prices, specifically the low oil prices seen today, affect the mergers and acquisitions (M&A) business?
It kills it; the market just stops. We mainly act for sellers and that business has stopped because buyers want to buy packages at USD 50/bbl oil, and sellers do not want to sell that low given that the price of oil was USD 80/bbl only a short time ago. If prices stay low, sellers will start selling at the lower price, or if prices recover, we will get back to a market that transacts around USD 80/bbl oil. But for now, the market is frozen.
Turbulent Commodity Prices and the Turmoil for Young Professionals
Authors: Seng Tom 
Published: June 2015

Academia
From June 2014 to January 2015, global crude oil prices dropped by almost 60%, from about USD 108/bbl to USD 46/bbl. There were many factors that drove these prices downward. Being an integral part of the industry, it is important that young professionals understand the governing principles and be able to connect them with facts. The following are some of the prominent factors responsible for the drastic change in oil prices.
Supply and Demand. According to the December 2014 monthly update of the United States Energy Information Administration, the global supply of liquid fuels increased by 1.8 million B/D to 92 million B/D in 2014 while demand did not keep pace. Domestic oil production in the US increased to 8.8 million B/D last year, the highest level in 30 years, and US crude oil inventory levels have reached an 80-year high. Meanwhile, US demand for oil declined from what had been a 10-year high.
Economic. Strong economic growth translates into higher energy usage and can impact prices positively. But the converse is also true, in that weak economic indicators could represent lower energy consumption and, consequently, lower prices. The US, China, Japan, and India are the world’s top consumers of crude oil. Europe consumes 22% of the world’s oil. Meanwhile, Europe’s largest producer of crude, the United Kingdom, became a net importer in 2013. Economic indicators for all these countries are intensely watched daily as traders attempt to determine the future direction of the price of oil and countries become intrinsically tied to a global economy—one that can be very fickle in nature.
Political. Energy will always be a controversial issue pitting producers against consumers and environmental groups. A recent example of this is the Keystone XL oil pipeline project in North America. The planned route from Canada’s Alberta province to Cushing, Oklahoma, has run into issues regarding a required international border permit, landowner rights, and environmental concerns over the process that produces the crude oil itself.
Current State of the Industry: A Recruiting Agency’s Perspective
Authors: Nowak Bodie 
Published: June 2015

HR Discussion
The day after Thanksgiving, the oil and gas industry was dealt a crushing blow. Already facing a downward market, it was then met with news that members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries had collectively made the decision to not cut production, with Saudi Arabia leading the agenda.
The remainder of last year was throttled by plummeting share prices from the publicly traded exploration and production (E&P) companies and the continuation of price slides on the oil indexes, both West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent. Through December and into the new year, companies were faced with an unfortunate reality, which was to cut capital expenditures in order to weather the storm of uneconomic oil prices, an uncertain rebound forecast, and a correction to profitable levels.
In an opinion piece, “Who Will Rule the Oil Market?,” published in The New York Times on 23 January, renowned analyst Daniel Yergin wrote, “By leaving oil prices to the market, Saudi Arabia and the Emirates also passed the responsibility as de facto swing producer to a country that hardly expected it—the United States. This approach is expected to continue with the accession of the new Saudi king, Salman, following the death on Friday [23 January] of King Abdullah. And it means that changes in American production will now, along with that of Persian Gulf producers, also have a major influence on global oil prices.”
Commenting on it, Reed Rogers, Parkwood International’s executive vice president of downstream refining and chemical manufacturing practices, notes that, “The US does not have a cartel of oil producers who will act in concert, so expecting the US to act as a swing producer who will lower production to increase price is not realistic. What is more likely is that lower oil prices will weed out higher-cost US producers, which will be a random, rather than concerted, event. In either case, higher prices would be the outcome. However, we don’t see many US producers being ‘weeded out’ so far so I agree with Barclay’s latest survey that a USD 50/bbl price will be maintained for much of 2015.”
The Sky is Falling - Again: Oil Price: Biggest Factor Affecting the Industry
Authors: Means Euan , Wynveen Jared , Fann James 
Published: June 2015

Forum
The slumping oil price is the talk of the industry. From field hands and technical teams getting laid off to slowing down of projects until 2016 or later, the oil price is affecting many in the industry. The Way Ahead Forum section editors sat down with stakeholders from different sections of the industry to get a better picture of what the recent oil price changes mean to business.
What would you define as “low” in oil prices?
Euan Mearns (EM): This is a good question. The best answer I can suggest is that the price is low when it falls below the level where companies can make a profit. The corollary would be that the price is high when companies make large windfall profits. Since different companies and states have different operating costs and these operating costs vary with time, there is no unique definition. But I believe at USD 50/bbl few, if any, companies are making a profit, hence we may safely assume that USD 50/bbl is low.
Jared Wynveen (JW): Generally speaking, I think a low oil price is one in which we can no longer sustain continued development and expansion of our resources. Depending on the play, low pricing might be anywhere from USD 40/bbl (WTI) to USD 80/bbl, but ultimately it all depends on the specifics of the operator, the reservoir, and the product quality.
James Fann (JF): Energy prices have always historically moved in cycles. Instead of thinking of a low oil price as an absolute number, for Canadian energy producers, I would suggest a low oil price would be one such as to slow down and potentially stop the development of new projects or expansions that would increase the oil supply. This price would cause supply to either decrease or remain flat.
Building a Career in Reserves Estimation
Authors: Foianini Ivo , Dragani Jarrett 
Published: June 2015

Discover a Career
The substantial reduction in global oil prices has put the oil and gas community in a challenging and yet vaguely familiar position. It is once again reminded of the effect oil and gas prices have on companies working to profitably exploit these resources. When there are changes in prices, reserves estimation can dictate the profitability an operator can ultimately obtain.
Larry Mizzau, principal for reserves and resources governance at Cenovus Energy reflects on his 30-plus years of experience in the industry and shares his thoughts on how commodity prices impact operators, reserves consultants, and young professionals (YPs) looking to establish a career in reserves estimation.
What is reserves estimation?
Reserves estimation is a key step in understanding an oil and gas company’s resource base and the opportunities it affords. It is found at the crossroads between asset management and financial stewardship. It involves the estimation of remaining volumes of hydrocarbons economically recoverable from an oil and gas operator’s subsurface assets using current technology.
Given that reserves exist deep in the ground, they cannot be determined with absolute certainty and, as such, can only be estimated. To assist investors in understanding this uncertainty, reserves estimates are typically determined at different confidence levels.
In Canada and the United States, public operating companies must disclose an updated estimate of their remaining oil and gas reserves on a yearly basis as part of their yearend financial reporting. Specifically in Canada, operators are required to disclose assessments prepared or audited by independent qualified reserves evaluators (IQREs) who can be externally or internally retained by the company.
Effect of Commodity Prices on the Engineer, the Industry, and the World
Authors: Dang Angela , Offurum Chieke , Morgan Colter 
Published: June 2015

Technical Leaders
How would you describe the commodities industry and its role in the oil and gas sector?
The oil and gas commodities industry, i.e., the trading of oil and gas, is highly critical. Oil and gas being traded as a commodity signifies that it is a global industry. The trading of commodities— not just oil and gas, but any commodity— is a global endeavor. As such, the price is set by a global market. To me, that is the most critical factor about oil and gas. Interest rates and oil prices are probably the two variables that have the greatest impact on the global economy. Interest rates more so, but it also points to the importance of oil as a commodity.
Oil and gas as a global market really took off in the 1970s and 1980s with the rise of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and the development of technology that physically allowed the barrel to move. The advent of the Internet and electronic technology that facilitates the stock and trading exchanges of the world also fueled the globalization of oil and gas trading.
What is the most common misconception about commodity prices and trends, specifically for oil and gas (either publicly or within the industry)?
There is an assumption that traders set the price. Prices, especially long term, are set by the market’s perception of supply and demand—that is not just traders, but also the end users and the producers of the commodity. There are really three large groups that trade: producers, users, and the “middle men,” or what some people may call traders or speculators. While they do influence prices and add volatility, they do not really set the prices.
An Innovative Design of a Clay‐Zeolite Medium for the Adsorption of Total Phosphorus from Wastewater
Authors: Ciosek Amanda Lidia , Luk Grace K. , Warner Michèle , Warner R. Anthony 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT: Phosphorus significantly influences the eutrophication process, modifying the quality of waterways and habitat, especially in stagnant waterbodies exposed to septic tank effluent at high nutrient levels. This research explores the development of a cost‐effective, efficient, and affordable on‐site wastewater treatment system targeted as total phosphorus (TP) removal technology. The research objective is to demonstrate the TP removal efficiency of an optimized clay‐zeolite medium by chemical adsorption. The study observes the effects of pellet medium design and modifications, influent concentrations, and contact time. Following various stages of optimization, the preliminary testing achieves a 45 ± 1.8% removal after 45 minutes of contact time. The optimized pellets are contained within a five‐layer bench‐scale model, achieving equilibrium TP removal of 72 ± 2.9% after 3 hours. Theoretical extrapolation to 12 contact hours indicates an achievement of 88% removal is possible. The results show a positive correlation with the linearized Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms.