bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Particle transport in reduced turbulence neutral beam heated discharges at Wendelstein 7-X
Authors: Bannmann S. , Ford O. , Poloskei P.Zs. , Svensson J. , Pavone A. , Kwak S. , Hoefel U. , Pasch E. , Fuchert G. , Smith H.M. , Lazerson S. , McNeely P. , Rust N. , Hartmann D. , Wolf R.C. ,   the W7-X Team
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A spontaneous reduction in anomalous particle transport in the plasma core is seen experimentally in reproducible, purely neutral beam heated plasma phases at Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X). Heating and fueling the plasma exclusively with the neutral beam injection system for several seconds leads to continuously peaking plasma density profiles with strong gradients inside mid minor radius. A significant acceleration of the density peaking occurs after a certain onset time and is examined with a detailed particle transport analysis in several discharges. By invoking the particle continuity equation, the total experimental radial electron flux is deduced from the time evolution of the electron density profile and the radially resolved particle sources. Subtracting the modeled neoclassical particle flux contribution gives the anomalous particle flux. Exploiting the evolving plasma conditions, anomalous diffusion and convection coefficients are computed from the flux variation with density and density gradients. In several discharges a significant and consistent change of the anomalous transport coefficients is seen when crossing a specific normalized density gradient length.
3D skeletal muscle tissue culture in vitro by using hydrogel interpenetrating network
Authors: Wu Pengwen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Muscle cells can not only be used for pathological research and drug detection, but also can be combined with soft robots to form biological hybrid robots. Mature muscle tissue had advantages such as good elasticity, self-repair, and multi-signal perception. Although there are many methods for 3D muscle tissue culture, muscle tissue is difficult to be used due to the insufficient material properties and long culture period. In this study, we exploited the excellent physicochemical properties of hydrogel materials to develop a new novel interpenetrating hydrogel network structure as a culture framework, and 3D cell culture and tissue induction culture were combined to culture 3D muscle tissue in hydrogel environment and induce differentiation into muscle tissue. The results successfully induce cell proliferation, differentiation and myotube formation in vitro, provide a new idea for the rapid cultivation of muscle tissue in vitro and provide a basis for the assembly of soft robots in the future.
Research on hydrological survey and forecasting model based on rolling sampling Markov chain
Authors: Yi Wei , Qian Peiqing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Hydrological survey is of great significance in flood disaster warning, hydropower engineering construction, and efficient utilization of watershed resources. Due to the seasonal and random fluctuations of hydraulic resources, it is difficult to accurately predict waterway runoff. Based on this, this article proposes a hydrological survey and prediction method based on rolling sampling Markov chain. Firstly, based on historical hydrological and meteorological data, establish a watershed runoff model and summarize and analyze the characteristics of the patterns; Then, based on the first-order Markov chain model, the relationship between adjacent days is considered. According to seasonal and meteorological factors, the historical data is rolling sampled in a 10 day sampling interval, and a multi state transition probability matrix is established to construct a year-round time-series runoff forecasting model; Finally, taking the Jinsha River Basin as an example, the annual runoff situation of the waterway was simulated. The calculation results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed method, indicating that it can simulate runoff well and provide certain guidance for watershed management and construction.
Practical application mode and future development of multi-energy coupling system
Authors: Li Yangrunze 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCompared with the single energy structure in the past, the energy coupling system can realize the coordinated planning and mutual economic regulation among various energy systems, which plays an important role in improving the efficiency of energy utilization. At present there are many related studies but there is a lack of systematic summary. Combining the domestic actual situation, the article mainly lists several multi-energy coupling systems including EWN, IES, BPG, etc., to analyze the energy sources, structural composition and how these systems play a good role in improving energy efficiency, it also summarizes the present situation of comprehensive energy coupling system development research and the shortcomings of current research and prospects for future development are put forward.
A full-scale complementary dynamic comparator
Authors: Xi Yinzheng , Li Nan , Diao Jietao , Hong Junqi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a dynamic comparator that achieves precise comparison across the entire full-scale range. The comparator, an essential component module in analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), is influenced by its input signal range, speed, and offset voltage, all of which impact the ADC’s performance. In the proposed comparator, a pre-amplification stage using PMOS as the input is incorporated alongside the comparator utilizing NMOS as the input, creating a complementary structure. This design ensures that at least one pre-amplification stage operates effectively, thereby maintaining the accuracy of the comparator as the input signal varies across the entire full-scale voltage range (0 to VDD). Through sound circuit design, the proposed comparator effectively avoids introducing additional distortion and noise. The performance of the comparator is verified under the 180 nm process. The comparator achieves accurate comparison across the entire full-scale range, with a standard deviation σ of the input offset voltage of 6 mV, noise of 450 uV, and a layout area of 467.36 um2. Simulation results demonstrate that the comparator exhibits excellent performance, providing stability assurance for the ADC and extending the ADC’s input signal range.
An FPGA-Based signal acquisition system for 3D holographic azimuthal electromagnetic resistivity logging instruments
Authors: Sun Baojiang , Xu Kai , Zhang Fangfang , Xiao Jiaqi , Liu Xiao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A signal acquisition system of a 3D holographic azimuthal electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument while drilling is designed based on the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity logging instrument is mainly composed of transmitting coils, receiving coils, and control circuits. The signal acquisition system mainly includes the receiving coil and corresponding signal acquisition and processing circuit. First of all, the whole structure of the electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument system while drilling is briefly introduced, and then each function module of the acquisition board is elaborated in detail, and the hardware realization of the signal acquisition module and the corresponding FPGA program design flow chart are given. The acquisition system makes full use of the structured design of the module and First input First output (FIFO) cache technology and can complete the functions of signal acquisition, data transmission, and control on the acquisition board in real-time by using Serial Communication Interface (SCI) information transmission interface. The simulation results show that the system can realize the function of data acquisition and processing well.
Planar array sparse distribution based on T-2GWO algorithm
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zhang Liang , Meng Xiangdong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces an approach termed T-2GWO (Tent chaos-dual channel Grey Wolf Optimization) algorithm designed for achieving sparse distribution within constrained position ranges for planar arrays. The initial population is generated by using the Tent Chaos algorithm, modeling individual coordinate positions within the population as a two-channel matrix. Subsequently, the Grey Wolf Algorithm is employed for optimization purposes. The algorithm has verified its effectiveness under the assumption of uniform excitation and can obtain the minimum peak side lobe level, reaching peak side lobe levels of -25.78 dB and - 26.15 dB in the azimuth and pitch directions. Compared with the genetic algorithm, the reduction is 3.53 dB and 10.32 dB respectively. At the same time, better main beam radiation can be obtained.
Design of three-dimensional integrated microsystems for intelligent space storage
Authors: Ren Xiangyu , Zhang Qingxue , Zhang Zhixiang , Li Kui , Yang Yujun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
To meet the domestic intelligent storage demands for space exploration and satellite missions, this paper explores the indigenous development of intelligent storage through research on process technology, thermal simulation technology, and testing techniques for three-dimensional integrated microsystems for space intelligence storage. The study achieves high-density functional integration of domestically produced space intelligent storage three-dimensional integrated microsystems. The intelligent storage module, with microsystem technology at its core, provides a more efficient application space for miniaturization, lightweight design, high-density integration, and high reliability.
Simulation study of the effect of electrode polarity on microscale corona discharge characteristics
Authors: Xiang Jianhui 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The occurrence and application scenarios of micro-scale corona discharge are diverse, and the effect of micro-scale corona discharge mechanism and needle electrode polarity on corona discharge characteristics is still unclear. This paper establishes a microscale simulation model of pin-plate DC positive and negative corona fluid chemical reactions. The phenomenon of positive and negative corona discharge is being investigated. The internal discharge mechanism is analyzed from the microscopic point of view. Results demonstrate that positive corona discharge generates space charges that reduce the electric field strength between the needle electrode and amplify it between the plate electrodes. In contrast, negative corona discharge exhibits the opposite effect. The number of charged particles produced by microscale negative corona discharge is larger than that produced by positive corona, and the discharge phenomenon is more intense than that of positive corona. Under the simulation conditions in this paper, the ionization reaction rate of micro-scale positive and negative corona rises rapidly at the initial discharge. It will gradually remain stable after experiencing an upward pulse. The pulse peak value generated by micro-scale negative corona discharge is much higher than that of positive corona, and the pulse width of negative corona discharge is about half smaller than that of positive corona, which can reach a stable corona discharge state faster.
Research on transmission line component detection based on scenario prior knowledge and knowledge distillation
Authors: Liu Shulin , Zhou Xue 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTransmission lines for power systems are often located outdoors, which exposes them to various hazards that can seriously impact system reliability. Integrating UAV inspection and intelligent detection technology has emerged as a primary method for operational and maintenance tasks. However, challenges persist regarding detection accuracy and speed. This paper introduces a novel transmission line component detection approach, leveraging scene prior knowledge and knowledge distillation techniques. Initially, high-resolution aerial images of transmission lines are perceptually analysed. Subsequently, scene prior knowledge informs the selection of clustering algorithm parameters, enabling adaptive sub-region clustering and model optimization. Knowledge distillation is then applied to transfer comprehensive image feature knowledge from a teacher model to a student network, utilizing the obtained sub-regions as shared feature distillation masks. The efficacy of the proposed method is evaluated through extensive dataset analysis, demonstrating significant accuracy improvements ranging from 2.6% to 49.0% compared to alternative models.
Algorithm for detecting abnormal electricity usage by customers based on electricity big data and deep learning
Authors: Xu Hongwei , Wang Junrong , Liu Chaoxiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In order to optimize the effect of individuals’ aberrant power utilization detection and reinforce the recognition rate and accuracy of abnormal power consumption detection of electricity use, an aberrant power utilization identification algorithm based on electric power big data and deep learning is proposed. Taking the two-way dialogue between power users and the power company as the basic perspective, real-time monitoring and collection of power consumption dynamics of users is carried out, and the power big data collection framework is designed. The retrieval of aberrant power utilization detection indexes is completed. Based on the deep learning algorithm, the artificial neural network base operation medium is combined to quantitatively solve the aberrant power utilization indexes, completing the design of a user aberrant power utilization detection algorithm. Experimental results show that the accuracy of the designed algorithm is 0.963, the F1 value is 0.985, and the AUC value is 0.942, which can effectively identify the aberrant power utilization and has a better performance of abnormal power consumption identification and detection.
Research on fault location method of active distribution network based on improved multiverse algorithm
Authors: Shang Liqun , Li Zhao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
After the distributed power supply is connected to the distribution network, the network structure becomes more complex, and the fault characteristics change greatly compared with the traditional distribution network fault, so the original traditional fault location method is not satisfactory. This paper presents a fault location method for active distribution networks based on improved multi-node optimization (IMVO). According to the fault characteristics of the distribution network, the multiverse optimization algorithm is binary coded, and the algorithm parameters are improved to optimize the iterative process and enhance the performance of the algorithm. The simulation results show that this method can effectively solve the fault location problem of active distribution networks and has good advantages.
Mechanical properties of layered composites based on AA1050 and AA5056 aluminum alloys produced by WAAM technology
Authors: Evstifeev A D , Yakupov B A , Mavlyutov A M , Volosevich D V , Voropaev A A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The possibility of producing layered aluminum materials using wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology has been investigated. Deformation characteristics of composites based on AA1050 and AA5056 aluminum alloys are considered. Mechanical tests of specimens with different orientations of AA1050 layers in AA5056 alloy matrix are presented. The results are analysed in the light of the structural characteristics of the composites.
Specificity of modeling the actuator for the deployment of transformable large-scale space structures
Authors: Zimin V N , Krylov A V , Shakhverdov A O 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The creation of large-scale structures will be necessary for the development of information and transport space systems. Transformable systems form a distinct category of such space structures, designed based on automatic configuration changes. The transport and deployed operating states of transformable space systems can vary in dimensions by tens of times, with force actuators carrying out the deployment process. The optimal force actuator suitable for use in transformable space structures is an actuator comprising of active elements made of a titanium nickelide material with a shape memory effect, which has the ability to generate significant force, reliability, compactness, light weight and low power consumption. In the pursuit of developing large-scale transformable space systems, tremendous importance is placed on conducting full-scale experiments, which require costly equipment to be simulated in ground conditions. Therefore, an alternative option to verify the functionality of the large-scale transformable space system in development is through conducting a mathematical experiment utilizing the identifiable parameters of the developed computational models. Experimental and theoretical analyses of the active elements of the force actuator made of titanium nickelide material (1.5 mm diameter wire) have confirmed the fundamental possibility of creating a force actuator for opening large-scale transformable space structures.
The impact of energy sector pollution on human development and inequality amidst climate change
Authors: Rauner Sebastian , Piontek Franziska , Soergel Bjoern , Luderer Gunnar 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The provision of energy is a primary contributor to climate change and environmental pollution, the latter including air pollution from aerosol emissions and a broad range of other human health effects and ecosystem damages. At the same time, aerosol emissions also reduce radiative forcing, leading to a masking of part of the warming due to rising CO2 concentrations and temporarily reducing the adverse impacts of climate change. Using an energy-economy-climate model linked to atmospheric chemistry, health impact and life cycle assessment models, we show that the societal costs of the health impacts of environmental pollution substantially exceed the economic benefits from masked warming. We further highlight the unequal burden of these issues on developing countries and explore the implications for human development, global inequality and international climate policy.
A Preliminary Study of Past Geological Disasters in the Trowulan Majapahit Cultural Heritage Area, Mojokerto Regency, East Java
Authors: Wahyu Purnomo Putra Bagaskara , Hadi Barianto Didit , Setianto Agung 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Numerous sites found buried in the Trowulan Cultural Heritage Area makes the area suspected of being the capital of the Majapahit Kingdom (13-15th century). The condition of the buried site raises an assumption of a past catastrophic event that hit and buried part of Trowulan area, causing the downfall of the Majapahit Kingdom. This assumption is supported by the existence of several books and inscriptions from the Majapahit Kingdom period that record events interpreted as geological disasters. Although there is a lot of evidence, however, what kind of geological disaster that hit the Trowulan area is not known for certain. This study aims to identify what kind geological disasters that buried the Trowulan Capital area based on previous studies and GIS analysis. The results inferred that flash floods and volcanic eruptions contributed to the burial of Trowulan Capital Region, which is supported by the geographical conditions of the capital city of Trowulan where the northern part is a flood plain and the southern part is part of the Jatirejo alluvial fan. Stratigraphic data collection needs to be carried out in the future as supporting evidence to know the detailed sequence of disaster events and the direction of the disaster flow.
Geological Structure Analysis Approach to Control The Distribution of Manganese in Gunungkasih Area, Tanggamus Regency, Lampung Province
Authors: Hendrawan R N , Widiatama A J , Irsyad M , Zainuddin A D , Gunawan A , Sanjaya I , Nahar R N F A , Natalia H C , Ogara E R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Gunungkasih area has several lithologies that are generated by different processes. Based on The Geological Map of Kotaagung by Amin et. al. (1993) the oldest lithologies are composed of schist, phyllite, and marble from Paleozoic followed by shale, sandstone, chert from Menanga Formation (Km) and andesitic lava, tuff from Hulusimpang Formation (Tomh) with some complicated geological history. Variations of geological products triggered the possibility of the presence of a lot of natural resources, including manganese.
Manganese had been exploited around 2003-2004 by two local companies, but because the manganese deposits had not been explored yet and for a few reasons the project had been discontinued. The structural analysis will be important to find out the presence of manganese because most manganese fills in fractures, so the pattern of these deposits would be solved by structural mapping and also treated by stereonet and rosette diagrams.
The fracture planes have been found in more than 500 planes and showed several types of fractures such as shear fractures, joints, quartz veins, and manganese that fill fractures which have a few directions both fault and joint directions. The most dominant fractures that are filled by manganese have been found at 120 - 130 degrees, parallel with major fault and lineament directions. The direction could be parameters and help for continued exploration further.
Axial peak extraction in the measurement of subsurface structures with annular illumination confocal microscopy
Authors: Jiang Yong , Liu Chenguang , Zou Chongliang , Liu Jian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Three-dimensional dark-field confocal microscopy (DFCM) using annular illumination and complementary detection apertures is capable of detecting subsurface defects in ultra-precision optical components. In this study, a DFCM tuning algorithm for large apertures is proposed based on the sinc2 tuning model. This algorithm provides a reliable and theoretically accurate method for extracting the axial position during the measurement of subsurface defects. The rationality and accuracy of this method are verified through simulations and experimental results.
Comparative study of electrogas and shielded metal arc welding processes on steel A537 welded joints
Authors: Abbas Mahmoud , Ahmed Essam , Hassan Mohammad , Abdel-Aleem Hamed Ahmed 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this research, the electro-gas welding process was compared with a shielded metal arc welding process for welding steel A573 from a mechanical properties point of view. Visual and radiographic inspections confirmed the soundness of weldments produced by electro-gas welding and shielded metal arc welding techniques. Various assessments were performed, including hardness, tensile strength, V-notch impact toughness, macrostructure, microstructure, and electrochemical tests. The mechanical properties of the two welding processes were closely matched, with an average tensile strength of 590 MPa for electro-gas welding and 585 MPa for shielded metal arc welding. Furthermore, the influence of welding variables, such as groove design and heat input, on the welded joints’ quality, mechanical properties, and electrochemical behavior was thoroughly examined. Dilution estimates, particularly for the electro-gas welding process, were around 35%, and a significant similarity was observed between the chemical composition determined through dilution calculations and that obtained from chemical analysis using an arc spark emission spectrometer. Notably, the electro-gas welding process demonstrated exceptional productivity, surpassing the shielded metal arc welding process by more than elevenfold. The optimum welding parameters for the electro-gas welding process were identified to achieve superior mechanical properties, low corrosion rates, and reduced consumption of the welding electrodes. This included adopting a single V type and groove angle of 30° instead of 60°, resulting in a 23% reduction in economic costs. Selecting an appropriate heat input within the range of 12 to 14 kJ/mm further contributed to enhancing overall welding efficiency.