bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Craniofacial Pain Secondary to Occult Head and Neck Tumors
Authors: Van Abel Kathryn M. , Starkman Sid , O'Reilly Ashley G. , Price Daniel L. 
Published: February 2014

ObjectivesTo review the natural history of occult head and neck malignancy presenting with facial pain and evaluate the risk factors, diagnostic workup, and management of facial pain in the setting of occult malignancy.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingTertiary care center.Subjects and MethodsAll patients presenting from 1980 to 2010 with facial pain and a delayed diagnosis of a head and neck cancer were reviewed.ResultsThirty‐eight patients were included. Onset of pain was rapid or sudden in 94.7%, intermittent in 84.2%, and sharp in 86.8%. Facial nerve weakness was present in 15.8%. Five patients had a history of locoregional skin cancer, and 14% had a history of malignancy. Average delay to diagnosis was 18.4 months. On average, the suspicious lesion was identified on the second scan (mean, 2.1; range, 1‐4 scans). Diagnosis was suggested by magnetic resonance imaging in 54.8% and computed tomography in 38.7% of patients. The most common pathology was squamous cell carcinoma (39.5%), and the predominant location was the parotid gland (28.9%). Surgical resection (66%) was the most common intervention. In patients who received treatment and had clinical follow‐up available for review, 97.0% (32/33) reported symptomatic improvement.ConclusionsIn our series, sudden‐onset, intermittent, sharp facial pain without resolution or improvement was associated with occult malignancy and should be considered in the differential diagnosis for facial pain. Based on the high incidence of early negative imaging, consideration should be given to repeat imaging when there is concern for malignancy. Therapeutic interventions often result in improvement of facial pain.
Comparison of Early Oncological Results of Diode Laser Surgery with Radiotherapy for Early Glottic Carcinoma
Authors: Cömert Ela , Tunçel Ümit , Dizman Ayşen , Yükselen Güney Yıldız 
Published: February 2014

ObjectiveTo evaluate the oncologic results of transoral endolaryngeal microscopic diode laser surgery (MDLS) and radiotherapy (RT) for T1 and T2 glottic carcinoma.Study DesignCase series with planned chart review.SettingAnkara Oncology Education and Research Hospital.Subjects and MethodsThe study was conducted on a series of 140 cases of early glottic carcinoma (T1, T2) treated with MDLS or RT. The tumors were defined according to T stage and the involvement of the anterior commissure (AC).ResultsThe 3‐year locoregional control rate of MDLS and RT groups was 93.1% and 89.7%, respectively (P =. 434). There was no difference in 3‐year disease‐free survival when comparing T1 and T2 tumors treated with MDLS and those treated with RT (P =. 618 for T1, P =. 084 for T2). There was no difference in disease‐free survival when comparing AC– and AC+ tumors treated with MDLS and those treated with RT (P =. 291 for AC– and P =. 530 for AC+ tumors).ConclusionsMicroscopic diode laser surgery in early glottic cancer seems to be an oncologically safe procedure that has similar oncological results with RT. In T2 glottic tumors and AC involvement, the results with either treatment are less satisfactory.
Effect of Neck Muscle Strength and Anticipatory Cervical Muscle Activation on the Kinematic Response of the Head to Impulsive Loads
Authors: Eckner James T. , Oh Youkeun K. , Joshi Monica S. , Richardson James K. , Ashton-Miller James A. 
Published: February 2014

Background: Greater neck strength and activating the neck muscles to brace for impact are both thought to reduce an athlete’s risk of concussion during a collision by attenuating the head’s kinematic response after impact. However, the literature reporting the neck’s role in controlling postimpact head kinematics is mixed. Furthermore, these relationships have not been examined in the coronal or transverse planes or in pediatric athletes. Hypotheses: In each anatomic plane, peak linear velocity (ΔV) and peak angular velocity (Δω) of the head are inversely related to maximal isometric cervical muscle strength in the opposing direction (H1). Under impulsive loading, ΔV and Δω will be decreased during anticipatory cervical muscle activation compared with the baseline state (H2). Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Maximum isometric neck strength was measured in each anatomic plane in 46 male and female contact sport athletes aged 8 to 30 years. A loading apparatus applied impulsive test forces to athletes’ heads in flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and axial rotation during baseline and anticipatory cervical muscle activation conditions. Multivariate linear mixed models were used to determine the effects of neck strength and cervical muscle activation on head ΔV and Δω. Results: Greater isometric neck strength and anticipatory activation were independently associated with decreased head ΔV and Δω after impulsive loading across all planes of motion (all P < .001). Inverse relationships between neck strength and head ΔV and Δω presented moderately strong effect sizes ( r = 0.417 to r = 0.657), varying by direction of motion and cervical muscle activation. Conclusion: In male and female athletes across the age spectrum, greater neck strength and anticipatory cervical muscle activation (“bracing for impact”) can reduce the magnitude of the head’s kinematic response. Future studies should determine whether neck strength contributes to the observed sex and age group differences in concussion incidence. Clinical Relevance: Neck strength and impact anticipation are 2 potentially modifiable risk factors for concussion. Interventions aimed at increasing athletes’ neck strength and reducing unanticipated impacts may decrease the risk of concussion associated with sport participation.
Comparison of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure of 8 versus 5 cm H2O on Outcome After Cardiac Operations
Authors: Hansen Jennifer K. , Anthony David G. , Li Liang , Wheeler David , Sessler Daniel I. , Bashour C. Allen 
Published: February 2014

Purpose: Postoperative positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) selection in patients who are mechanically ventilated after cardiac operations often seems random. The aim of this investigation was to compare the 2 most common postoperative initial PEEP settings at our institution, 8 and 5 cm H2O, on postoperative initial tracheal intubation time (primary outcome); cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU); hospital length of stay (LOS); occurrence of pneumonia; and hospital mortality (secondary outcomes). Materials and Methods: The electronic medical records of patients who were mechanically ventilated after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or combined CABG and valve operations were reviewed. Propensity score matching was used to compare patients with an initial postoperative PEEP setting of 8 cm H2O (n = 4722 [25.9%]) with those who had PEEP of 5 cm H2O (n = 13 535 [74.1%]) on the primary and secondary outcomes listed earlier. Results: There was no difference in initial postoperative intubation time between the PEEP of 8 cm H2O and the PEEP of 5 cm H2O patient groups (mean 11.9 vs 12.0 hours [median 8.2 vs 8.8 hours], P = .89). The groups did not differ on the occurrence of pneumonia (0.43% vs 0.60%, P = .25) nor on hospital mortality (0.47% vs 0.43%, P = .76). Aspiration pneumonia occurrence approached a significant difference (0.06% vs 0.21%, P value = .052), as did CVICU LOS (mean: 47.9 vs 49.8 hours [median: 28.5 vs 28.4 hours], P = .057), but were not statistically different. There was a slight but likely clinically unimportant difference in hospital LOS (7.7 vs 7.4 days, PEEP = 8 vs 5, P < .001). Conclusion: Patients being mechanically ventilated after cardiac operations with an initial postoperative PEEP setting of 8 versus 5 cm H2O differed significantly only on hospital LOS but the difference was likely clinically unimportant. Thus, use of 8 cm H2O PEEP in these patients without a clinical indication, although likely not harmful, does not seem beneficial.
Cervical cancer screening by high risk HPV testing in routine practice: results at one year recall of high risk HPV-positive and cytology-negative women
Authors: Mistro Annarosa Del , Frayle Helena , Ferro Antonio , Callegaro Susanna , Sole Annamaria Del , Stomeo Anna , Cirillo Emanuela , Fedato Chiara , Pagni Silvana , Barzon Luisa , Zorzi Manuel 
Published: February 2014

Objective Cervical cancer screening by human papillomavirus (HPV) testing requires the use of additional triage and follow-up analyses. We evaluated women’s compliance with and the performance of this strategy in a routine setting. Setting Five cervical service screening programmes in North-East Italy. Methods Eligible women aged 25-64 invited for a new screening episode underwent HPV testing for high risk types (hrHPV by Hybrid Capture 2) and cytology triage. Women with positive HPV and cytology results were referred for colposcopy; women with positive HPV but negative cytology results were referred to 1-year repeat hrHPV testing. Results Of 46,694 women screened by HPV testing up to December 2011, 3,211 (6.9%) tested hrHPV positive; 45% of these had a positive triage cytology. Those with negative cytology were invited for 1-yr repeat testing. Compliance with invitation was 61.6% at baseline and 85.3% at 1-yr repeat. Rate of persistent hrHPV positivity was 58% (830/1,435). Colposcopy performed in women with a positive hrHPV test at 1-yr repeat accounted for 36% of all colposcopies performed within the screening programmes. Cumulatively, a histological high-grade lesion was detected in 276 women (5.9‰ detection rate), 234 at baseline (85%), and 42 (15%) at 1-yr repeat. Conclusions Compliance with hrHPV-based screening programmes was high both at baseline and at 1-yr repeat. Compared with the randomized trials, a higher proportion of triage cytology was read as positive, and only a small number of high-grade lesions were detected among the group of hrHPV positive cytology negative women who repeated testing 1-yr after baseline.
Condom use in prevention of Human Papillomavirus infections and cervical neoplasia: systematic review of longitudinal studies
Authors: Lam Janni Uyen Hoa , Rebolj Matejka , Dugué Pierre-Antoine , Bonde Jesper , von Euler-Chelpin My , Lynge Elsebeth 
Published: February 2014

Objectives Based on cross-sectional studies, the data on protection from Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections related to using male condoms appear inconsistent. Longitudinal studies are more informative for this purpose. We undertook a systematic review of longitudinal studies on the effectiveness of male condoms in preventing HPV infection and cervical neoplasia. Methods We searched PubMed using MeSH terms for articles published until May 2013. Articles were included if they studied a change in non-immunocompromized women’s cervical HPV infection or cervical lesion status along with the frequency of condom use. Results In total, 384 abstracts were retrieved. Eight studies reported in 10 articles met the inclusion criteria for the final review. Four studies showed a statistically significantly protective effect of consistent condom use on HPV infection and on regression of cervical neoplasia. In the remaining four studies, a protective effect was also observed for these outcomes, although it was not statistically significant. Conclusions Consistent condom use appears to offer a relatively good protection from HPV infections and associated cervical neoplasia. Advice to use condoms might be used as an additional instrument to prevent unnecessary colposcopies and neoplasia treatments in cervical screening, and to reduce the risk of cervical cancer.
The impact of the economic crisis on joblessness in Turkey
Authors: Bahçe Seçil A Kaya , Memiş Emel 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis study explores the impacts of the 2008–2009 economic crisis on joblessness in Turkey, incorporating into the analysis the marginally attached who would like to work if the opportunity existed, but are not actively searching for a job. We find that women were more likely than men to have a marginally attached status over the whole period of analysis, and during the time of the crisis, the number of marginally attached grew significantly faster for women than for men. The transition probability for the employed to become marginally attached and move out of the labour force rose substantially more for women than it did for men. The results obtained have important implications. Using conventional criteria, it is not possible to identify the degree of motivation to work or search for work in the case of women in Turkey, where the possibilities of shifting the care of burden to someone else or an institution are very limited, as a result of inadequate provisioning of public care services.
Theoretical Traditions and Coaching Genres
Authors: Cox Elaine , Bachkirova Tatiana , Clutterbuck David 
Published: February 2014

The Problem The interdisciplinary nature of the theoretical base of coaching creates practical approaches that are strongly influenced by organization-friendly theories, and fields such as counseling, psychotherapy, and philosophy. This eclectic use of theory creates uncertainty and sometimes leads to criticisms of coaching as being atheoretical and underdeveloped empirically. So, it is a difficult task for human resource development (HRD) professionals and particularly buyers of coaching to judge the relevance of numerous traditions of coaching and evaluate them for their HRD agenda. The Solution We highlight the theoretical foundations of coaching and develop a structural analysis of coaching engagement to indicate the potential interplay between organizational and individual agendas and to help HRD professionals become better informed about the value of coaching in the context of wider HRD paradigms. The Stakeholders HRD professionals, external coaches, internal coaches, and line managers who use a coaching approach, peer coaches, and leaders will benefit from the content of this article.
Outcome of Carotid Angioplasty With a Novel Open-Cell Carotid Stent System
Authors: Langhoff Ralf , Mudra Harald , Waliszewski Matthias , Reimers Bernhard , Berge Jérôme , Setacci Carlo , Beyssen Bernard 
Published: February 2014

Background: The choice of carotid stent systems depends primarily on the anatomy of the carotid artery, the lesion morphology, and the patient’s risk factors. Design improvements in devices, in terms of crossing profile and the ability to precisely position the stent, may greatly contribute to the procedural success without compromising acute clinical outcomes. Methods and Results: The primary objective of this clinical registry was to evaluate the early safety and efficacy of a novel open-cell carotid stent system in an “all comer” population suitable for carotid artery stenting. The primary end point was the composite of ipsilateral stroke and “all-cause mortality” within 30 days after the procedure. Secondary end points entailed the rates of myocardial infarction and other clinical complications within the first 30 days following the procedure and up to the 6-month follow-up. Unsuccessful placement and/or withdrawal of the delivery system, as well as device-related complications involving the carotid artery and the rate of nonlesion-related embolisms, were evaluated relative to other currently available carotid stents. The 30-day composite death/stroke rate was 2.8% (3 of 106) while the overall stent system performance was similar to commonly used carotid stent systems. Conclusions: The utilized open-cell carotid stent system had favorable lesion crossing and positioning characteristics without compromising the 30-day composite death/stroke rate.
Don't get in a flap!: A case report of progression through the spectrum of an acute aortic syndrome
Authors: Choong Andrew MTL , Das Saroj , Mulrenan Nicholas , Hamady Mohamad , Bose Protip 
Published: February 2014

Purpose To present a single case that clearly demonstrates the progression through the whole spectrum of an acute aortic syndrome, from a solitary penetrating aortic ulcer (PAU) through to multiple PAUs with intra-mural haematoma (IMH) progression. The index images show that despite the clinical presentation of an acute type B aortic dissection, a classical dissection flap is never demonstrated in this patient and thus highlights the need for early input from vascular surgery for all potential acute aortic syndromes. Case report We present the case of a 71-year-old lady who attended the emergency department with hypertension and inter-scapular chest pain. Upon investigation with computed tomography aortography (CTA), she was found to have a solitary PAU only with minimal IMH. She did not demonstrate any classical radiological signs of acute type B aortic dissection. She was admitted under a medical team and her chest pain abated with no treatment. The treating medical team adjusted her anti-hypertensive medication and discharged her home with an urgent vascular surgical outpatient appointment for further follow-up and surveillance. We acknowledge that a preferred approach would have been, at least admission and close blood pressure monitoring, with a repeat CTA the next day. Two days later, she represented with further chest pain and on repeat CTA was found to have multiple PAUs and progression of the small IMH. She was then admitted under vascular surgery and subsequently transferred to the parent tertiary referral vascular surgical unit. Despite aggressive anti-hypertensive management, she had persistent intractable chest pain and was treated with a single thoracic stent graft. Completion angiography demonstrated total resolution of the PAUs. Conclusion This case along with index images demonstrates the whole spectrum of the acute aortic syndrome from a solitary PAU to multiple PAUs with IMH extension. Despite an eventual clinical picture of an acute type B aortic dissection, there was a notable absence of a classical dissection flap on any imaging. We recommend that all aortic pathologies should be at least discussed with and preferably managed by vascular surgeons. The absence of a classical dissection flap on imaging is not a contra-indication to emergent treatment with thoracic stent grafting and in select patients is actually the only therapy that will treat this pathology.
Social status and living with a chronic illness: An exploration of assessment and meaning attributed to work and employment
Authors: Vassilev Ivaylo , Rogers Anne , Sanders Caroline , Cheraghi-Sohi Sudeh , Blickem Christian , Brooks Helen , Kapadia Dharmi , Reeves David , Doran Tim , Kennedy Anne 
Published: February 2014

Background Traditional measures of social status are predicated on position in the labour market. There has been less attention directed to the meanings of social position for people with a long-term condition whose relationship to employment is precarious. Previous research has demonstrated that the MacArthur scale is capable of capturing contextualised aspects of social status, which makes it a useful tool for exploring changes in meaning. Aims The paper explores the meanings and experiences of social status of people living with a long-term condition with particular reference to employment status. Methods A sample of 300 participants was drawn from diabetes and chronic heart disease registers of General Practices in North West England. A cross-sectional survey with nested qualitative interviews was used in collecting and analysing the data. Findings Having financial independence and participating in valued activities are more important for people with chronic illness than power and status mediated through the labour market. Income and the lack and loss of employment were given a central role in respondents’ narratives reflecting the absence of acceptable alternative routes through which social status for those with a long-term condition can realistically be rebuilt outside of participation in the labour market. Conclusion Social participation, where people with chronic illness feel valued and of tangible utility to other people, might offer some opportunities for rebuilding social status outside the labour market. Chronic illness management interventions need to focus on improving people’s engagement with such activities.
Clinical assessment of the warming sensation accompanying flavor 316282 in a cold and cough syrup containing paracetamol, phenylephrine hydrochloride, and guaifenesin
Authors: Furcha Rowland , Monnet Joëlle 
Published: February 2014

Objective: The primary objective was to assess the warming sensation caused by flavor 316282 in a cold and cough product in the target population. Methods: A single-cohort, single-treatment arm, open-label study. Subjects received one 30-mL dose of syrup containing flavor 316282, paracetamol, phenylephrine hydrochloride, and guaifenesin and recorded onset and disappearance of any warming sensation in the mouth/throat. Subjects’ assessment of strength and appeal of the sensation, taste, texture, and acceptability of the product as a cold and cough remedy was investigated using questionnaires. Results: A total of 51 subjects were included; 47 (92.1%) experienced a warming sensation. The median duration of the warming sensation was 100 s (95% confidence interval = 82 s, 112 s). The majority of subjects rated the syrup as excellent, good, or fair for treatment of cough and cold symptoms (96.1%), taste (80.4%), and texture (98.0%). There were no safety concerns, and the syrup was well tolerated. Most subjects liked the warming sensation. Conclusions: Flavor 316282 in a cold and cough syrup is associated with a warming sensation. The syrup is well tolerated, safe, and palatable.
Filial caregiving is associated with greater neuroendocrine dysfunction: Evidence from the 2005 National Survey of Midlife in the United States
Authors: Kang SunWoo , Marks Nadine F 
Published: February 2014

Objectives: This study examined associations between providing caregiving for a biological or adoptive parent and clinically assessed biological risk factors (allostatic load and its three subscales—inflammatory dysfunction, metabolic dysfunction, and neuroendocrine dysfunction), as well as moderation of these associations by gender. Methods: Regression models were estimated using telephone and self-report data from 962 men and women who participated in the National Survey of Midlife in the United States in 2005. Results: Filial caregivers demonstrated higher levels of neuroendocrine dysfunction. No gender difference in biological risks was found. Discussion: Filial caregiving is the most prevalent form of family caregiving, and results indicating the presence of greater neuroendocrine dysfunction among filial caregivers in contrast to noncaregivers suggest an important public health concern. Future research needs to continue to examine different relationship types of caregivers and include a range of biological risk measurement to further the understanding of how family caregiving is linked to biological health risks.