bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noise Properties Of Thick-Film Conducting Lines For Integrated Inductors
Authors: Stadler Adam Witold , Kolek Andrzej , Mleczko Krzysztof , Zawiślak Zbigniew , Dziedzic Andrzej , Nowak Damian 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Studies of noise properties of thick-film conducting lines from Au or PdAg conductive pastes on LTCC or alumina substrates are reported. Experiments have been carried out at the room temperature on samples prepared in the form of meanders by traditional screen-printing or laser-shaping technique. Due to a low resistance of the devices under test (DUTs), low-frequency noise spectra have been measured for the dc-biased samples arranged in a bridge configuration, transformer-coupled to a low-noise amplifier. The detailed analysis of noise sources in the signal path and its transfer function, including the transformer, has been carried out, and a procedure for measurement setup self-calibration has been described. The 1/f noise component originating from resistance fluctuations has been found to be dominant in all DUTs. The analysis of experimental data leads to the conclusion that noise is produced in the bends of meanders rather than in their straight segments. It occurs that noise of Au-based laser-shaped lines is significantly smaller than screen-printed ones. PdAg lines have been found more resistive but simultaneously less noisy than Au-based lines.
Roughness Parameters Calculation By Means Of On-Line Vibration Monitoring Emerging From AWJ Interaction With Material
Authors: Hreha Pavol , Radvanska Agata , Knapcikova Lucia , Królczyk Grzegorz M. , Legutko Stanisław , Królczyk Jolanta B. , Hloch Sergej , Monka Peter 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The paper deals with a study of relations between the measured Ra, Rq, Rz surface roughness parameters, the traverse speed of cutting head v and the vibration parameters, PtP, RMS, vRa, generated during abrasive water jet cutting of the AISI 309 stainless steel. Equations for prediction of the surface roughness parameters were derived according to the vibration parameter and the traverse speed of cutting head. Accuracy of the equations is described according to the Euclidean distances. The results are suitable for an on-line control model simulating abrasive water jet cutting and machining using an accompanying physical phenomenon for the process control which eliminates intervention of the operator.
Genetic Vulnerability as a Distal Risk Factor for Suicidal Behaviour: Historical Perspective And Current Knowledge / Genetska Ranljivost Kot Oddaljen Dejavnik Tveganja Za Samomorilno Vedenje: Zgodovinski Vidik In Znanje Danes
Authors: Andriessen Karl , Videtic-Paska Alja 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Introduction. Suicide is a multidimensional problem. Observations of family history of suicide suggest the existence of a genetic vulnerability to suicidal behaviour.
Aim. Starting with a historical perspective, the article reviews current knowledge of a genetic vulnerability to suicidal behaviour, distinct from the genetic vulnerability to psychiatric disorders, focused on clinical and population-based studies, and findings from recent molecular genetics association studies.
Method. The review includes peer-reviewed research articles and review papers from the professional literature in English language, retrieved from PubMed/Medline and PsycINFO.
Results. The research literature confirms a existence of a genetic vulnerability to suicidal behaviour. Even though the results of individual studies are difficult to compare, genetic influences could explain up to half of the variance of the occurrence of suicide.
Conclusion. Genetic vulnerability could be a distal risk factor for suicide, which helps us to understand the occurrence of suicide among vulnerable people. Ethical implications of such vulnerability are highlighted.
Social Media in Banking. A Managerial Perception from Mexico
Authors: Dănăiaţă Doina , Margea Camelia , Kirakosyan Kristine , Negovan Ana-Maria 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Nowadays social media has a radical impact on the business world, becoming a great customer service tool across many industries. And banking is no exception. Thus, banks managers need to identify ways to make profitable use of the social media. By accepting the benefits and developing their presence in social media, banks will be closer to customers. The objective of our research is to study social media usage in the banking industry and to obtain a managerial view concerning barriers and challenges in the social media implementation process. From the research of the literature in the field, we observed that Social media was studied a lot from the customers’ point of view, but there are not many studies on social media from a managerial point of view. This article presents a part of our research results regarding social media usage in banking in different regions of the world, specifically, the Mexican banking sector. We conducted a qualitative research based on interviews carried on among 20 banks from Mexico. The goal was to see how the decision factors in banks perceive the social media usage for their institution and for the banking industry, in general. The study focuses on the barriers and challenges raised by the existence and usage of social media platforms. The findings revealed an important presence of the Mexican bank industry in social media areas, but with a lot of room for extending the banks’ presence in new Social Media platforms, and different degrees regarding the perception of barriers and challenges in adopting Social Media tools.
Über die Herstellung von Si32 durch einen (t,p)-Prozeß
Authors: Geithoff D. 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Mit Tritonen aus dem Li6(n, t)He4-Prozeß wurde über die Reaktion Si30(t, p)Si32 das bisher wenig bekannte langlebige Nuklid Si32 hergestellt. Die Identität des Nuklids konnte mittels der Abtrennung und Identifizierung der Tochter P32 und durch den Tochteranstieg im radiochemisch gereinigten Si32-Präparat nachgewiesen werden. Durch Vergleich der Bildungswahrscheinlichkeiten für die Reaktionen Mg2(t, p) Mg28 und Si30(t, p)Si32 wurde die Halbwertszeit des Si32 zu 650 Jahren bestimmt.
Phase Independence of Major Reaction Mechanisms of Recoil Carbon Atoms1
Authors: Mackay Colin , Wolfgang Richard 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The reactions of recoil carbon with ethylene, ethylene oxide, and isobutane are compared in the gaseous and condensed states. Remarkably little phase dependence of the products of these reactions is found. The results show that there is little if any contribution from mechanisms involving reactions of the carbon atom with radical debris produced in its recoil track. Instead the reactions by which recoil carbon enters combination seem quite analogous to those of similar reactive species (such as CH2) produced by more conventional means. The detailed reaction mechanisms previously proposed for reactions of atomic carbon with gaseous hydrocarbons, C-Η and C=C bond insertions, also appear dominant in the condensed phases. The small changes with phase that are observed are consistent with the expected action of a solvent cage in promoting the de-excitation or secondary reaction of unstable intermediates produced by the insertion reactions
Diffusion of Pu in U02
Authors: Schmitz F. , Lindner R. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The diffusion of 239Pu in sintered pellets of UO2 (density 10.6) has been measured with the methods of α radiation absorption and sectioning. The temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient is represented by the equation: D = 0.34 exp (-97300 ± 4100/RT) cm2 sec-1.
Comparison has been made with the self-diffusion of Uranium by a new technique of differential diffusion measurements. It results that the activation energy for Plutonium diffusion is 6.0 kcals less than that of Uranium diffusion.
The Gas Phase Radiolysis of Ethyl Chloride
Authors: Schindler Ralph N. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Ethyl chloride has been bombarded with 2.8 MeV electrons in the gas phase. The main radicals produced in the primary chemical event are monochloroethyl and ethyl with the corresponding fragments. Their major reactions during radiolysis include:
CI· + C2H5Cl → HCl + C2H4C1 (1)
C2H5· + HCl → C2H6 + CI· (2)
2C2H5· → C4H10 (3)
C2H5· + C2H4Cl· → C4H2Cl (4)
2C2H4Cl· → C4H8Cl2 (5)
The rate constant <xxx>has been determined to be 1.92 ̅± 0.2.
Disproportionation reactions of chloroethyl radicals were found negligible. In addition, ethylene, acetylene, vinyl chloride, and hydrogen, in part, are formed by molecular elimination reactions. The molecular processes account for roughly half of all primary reactions observed.
Solubility Product of Tetravalent Plutonium Hydroxide and Study of the Amphoteric Character of Hexavalent Plutonium Hydroxide
Authors: Pérez-Bustamante J. A. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The solubility dependence of Pu(OH)4 as a function of the p n of diluted equilibrating perchloric acid solutions has been studied by covering a wide interval of ps- From the experimental solubility data obtained and some theoretical implications, an attempt has been made to conciliate the extrapolated, experimentally found thermodynamic solubility product with DEBYE-HÜCKELS theory on ionic effects to account for the variations observed of the apparent solubility product throughout the different experiments carried out. The study of the apparent solubility product as a function of the ionic force has evidenced the existence of important discontinuities, which have been tentatively referred to a number of hypothesis based on the variation of the ionic activities of the present species, and on the impurities characterized in the precipitate systematically used as the starting material throughout this work. Some other interesting features of Pu (OH)! connected with this investigation have been studied in detail. Since the analysis of the precipitate employed has evidenced the presence of some percent amounts of plutonyl hydroxide, a study of the amphoteric characteristics of this species could be undertaken simultaneously. The method used for the calculation of the instability constant of the amphoteric process involved has been described in detail. A single ion-exchange experiment has been carried out with the aim of getting some information on the state of plutonium in very diluted aqueous solutions.
Austauschadsorption von Kationen an TiO2 · aq
Authors: Levi H. W. 
Published: June 2015

Zusammenfassung
Die Austauschadsorption von Cs- und Sr-Ionen an reinstem Titandioxidhydrat wird untersucht. Die Herstellung des TiO2 · aq erfolgt durch Hydrolyse von Orthotitansäuretetraäthylester.
Bei der Bestimmung der Austauschkapazität des TiO2 · aq durch Titration mit CsOH oder Sr(OH)2 werden je nach den Versuchsbedingungen ein, zwei oder drei Wendepunkte erhalten, die den Kapazitäten 0,1, 0,2 und 0,3 g-Atom Metallion pro Mol TiO2 · aq entsprechen. Aus trägerfreien Radionuklidlösungen wird Sr bei jedem p
H-Wert zwischen 5 und 12 stärker adsorbiert als Cs. Die Cs-Adsorption wird durch Anwesenheit anderer einwertiger Kationen zurückgedrängt. Dabei verhalten sich die Ionenaktivitäten, die die Cs- Adsorption in gleichem Maße beeinflussen, wie Cs : Κ : Na : Li : N(CH3)4 = 1 : 2,2 : 12,5 : 37 : 490. Die Adsorption von Cs kann quantitativ als Cs-H-Austausch beschrieben werden. Sr wird offenbar teilweise als einwertiges und teilweise als zweiwertiges Ion eingetauscht. Unter dieser Voraussetzung kann auch die Sr-Adsorption als Sr-H-Austausch gedeutet werden. Bei konstantem p
H-Wert kann die Austauschadsorption an TiO2 ・ aq durch die Langmuir’sche Adsorptionsisotherme beschrieben werden.
Reactions of Energetic Carbon Atoms in Methylamine
Authors: Cacace Fulvio , Stöcklin Gerhard 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The reactions of recoiling carbon atoms produced via the 14N (p, α) 11C process have been studied in gaseous and liquid methylamine, with and without scavenger. The product forming mechanisms in this system seem to follow the general pattern of the chemistry of energetic carbon atoms in simple hydrocarbons. The major products resulting from fragmentation of excited intermediates are acetylene and ethylene. As expected ethylamine and dimethylamine are found as the synthesis products. A small yield of acetonitrile, which remains unaffected by the presence of scavenger or the change of phase, is also found.
In agreement with the deexcitation-fragmentation hypothesis the yield of the fragmentation products acetylene and ethylene decreases while the yield of the synthesis products ethylamine and dimethylamine increases in the condensed phases. The formation of the products is explained on the basis of insertion reactions. From comparison of the acetylene and ethylene yields in methylamine with those in the ethane system it seems that C-Η bonds are much more reactive towards insertion reactions than N-H bonds. Whether this is due to a lower reaction probability or to a more easily stabilized intermediate cannot be decided on the basis of the present evidence. Furthermore, the comparison with alkane systems shows no effect of the "leaving group" on the postulated acetylene and ethylene producing fragmentation process. It is suggested that the formation of acetonitrile takes place via decomposition of an excited ethyleneimine molecule, since the activity is equally distributed between the two carbon atoms.
Drosophila Hook-Related Protein (Girdin) Is Essential for Sensory Dendrite Formation
Authors: Ha Andrew , Polyanovsky Andrey , Avidor-Reiss Tomer 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The dendrite of the sensory neuron is surrounded by support cells and is composed of two specialized compartments: the inner segment and the sensory cilium. How the sensory dendrite is formed and maintained is not well understood. Hook-related proteins (HkRP) like Girdin, DAPLE, and Gipie are actin-binding proteins, implicated in actin organization and in cell motility. Here, we show that the Drosophila melanogaster single member of the Hook-related protein family, Girdin, is essential for sensory dendrite formation and function. Mutations in girdin were identified during a screen for fly mutants with no mechanosensory function. Physiological, morphological, and ultrastructural studies of girdin mutant flies indicate that the mechanosensory neurons innervating external sensory organs (bristles) initially form a ciliated dendrite that degenerates shortly after, followed by the clustering of their cell bodies. Importantly, we observed that Girdin is expressed transiently during dendrite morphogenesis in three previously unidentified actin-based structures surrounding the inner segment tip and the sensory cilium. These actin structures are largely missing in girdin mutant. Defects in cilia are observed in other sensory organs such as those mediating olfaction and taste, suggesting that Girdin has a general role in forming sensory dendrites in Drosophila. These suggest that Girdin functions temporarily within the sensory organ and that this function is essential for the formation of the sensory dendrites via actin structures.
Cognition and Brain Structure Following Early Childhood Surgery With Anesthesia
Authors: Backeljauw Barynia , Holland Scott K. , Altaye Mekibib , Loepke Andreas W. 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND:
Anesthetics induce widespread cell death, permanent neuronal deletion, and neurocognitive impairment in immature animals, raising substantial concerns about similar effects occurring in young children. Epidemiologic studies have been unable to sufficiently address this concern, in part due to reliance on group-administered achievement tests, inability to assess brain structure, and limited control for confounders.

METHODS:
We compared healthy participants of a language development study at age 5 to 18 years who had undergone surgery with anesthesia before 4 years of age (n = 53) with unexposed peers (n = 53) who were matched for age, gender, handedness, and socioeconomic status. Neurocognitive assessments included the Oral and Written Language Scales and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (WAIS) or WISC, as appropriate for age. Brain structural comparisons were conducted by using T1-weighted MRI scans.

RESULTS:
Average test scores were within population norms, regardless of surgical history. However, compared with control subjects, previously exposed children scored significantly lower in listening comprehension and performance IQ. Exposure did not lead to gross elimination of gray matter in regions previously identified as vulnerable in animals. Decreased performance IQ and language comprehension, however, were associated with lower gray matter density in the occipital cortex and cerebellum.

CONCLUSIONS:
The present findings suggest that general anesthesia for a surgical procedure in early childhood may be associated with long-term diminution of language abilities and cognition, as well as regional volumetric alterations in brain structure. Although causation remains unresolved, these findings nonetheless warrant additional research into the phenomenon’s mechanism and mitigating strategies.
Risk Factors for Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection and Renal Scarring
Authors: Keren Ron , Shaikh Nader , Pohl Hans , Gravens-Mueller Lisa , Ivanova Anastasia , Zaoutis Lisa , Patel Melissa , deBerardinis Rachel , Parker Allison , Bhatnagar Sonika , Haralam Mary Ann , Pope Marcia , Kearney Diana , Sprague Bruce , Barrera Raquel , Viteri Bernarda , Egigueron Martina , Shah Neha , Hoberman Alejandro 
Published: June 2015

OBJECTIVES:To identify risk factors for recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) and renal scarring in children who have had 1 or 2 febrile or symptomatic UTIs and received no antimicrobial prophylaxis.METHODS:This 2-year, multisite prospective cohort study included 305 children aged 2 to 71 months with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) receiving placebo in the RIVUR (Randomized Intervention for Vesicoureteral Reflux) study and 195 children with no VUR observed in the CUTIE (Careful Urinary Tract Infection Evaluation) study. Primary exposure was presence of VUR; secondary exposures included bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD), age, and race. Outcomes were recurrent febrile or symptomatic urinary tract infection (F/SUTI) and renal scarring.RESULTS:Children with VUR had higher 2-year rates of recurrent F/SUTI (Kaplan-Meier estimate 25.4% compared with 17.3% for VUR and no VUR, respectively). Other factors associated with recurrent F/SUTI included presence of BBD at baseline (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.07 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09–3.93]) and presence of renal scarring on the baseline 99mTc-labeled dimercaptosuccinic acid scan (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.88 [95% CI: 1.22–6.80]). Children with BBD and any degree of VUR had the highest risk of recurrent F/SUTI (56%). At the end of the 2-year follow-up period, 8 (5.6%) children in the no VUR group and 24 (10.2%) in the VUR group had renal scars, but the difference was not statistically significant (adjusted odds ratio: 2.05 [95% CI: 0.86–4.87]).CONCLUSIONS:VUR and BBD are risk factors for recurrent UTI, especially when they appear in combination. Strategies for preventing recurrent UTI include antimicrobial prophylaxis and treatment of BBD.
Metabolites produced by antagonistic microbes inhibit the principal avocado pathogens in vitro
Authors: Ramírez R. Sara , Arias M. Julián David , Bedoya Juan Carlos , Rueda L. Ever Antoni , Sánchez Claudia Yaneth , Granada G. Sinar David 
Published: June 2015

<p>The demand for Hass avocado in the global market exceeds the supply by over 50%. Colombia has a remarkable advantage as a producer in the region due to its high yields. However, the productivity of this crop can be seriously affected by diseases such as root rot, caused by <em>Phytophthora cinnamomi,</em> postharvest body rot and stem end rot, caused by <em>Colletotrichum</em> sp. and <em>Phomopsis</em> sp., respectively. The potential of 76 bacterial isolates obtained from avocado rhizosphere to produce inhibitory metabolites against avocado´s pathogens was evaluated. The antagonistic effect of the rhizobacteria against <em>P. cinnamomi</em>, <em>Colletotrichum </em>sp. and <em>Phomopsis</em> sp. was tested through dual cultures. Thirty-six percent of the tested isolates presented inhibition halos against <em>P. cinnamomi</em>, 36% against <em>Colletotrichum</em> sp. and 67% against <em>Phomopsis</em> sp. Additionally, three isolates were selected for fermentation tests using different broth cultures. The extracts obtained from fermentations in the minimal medium of isolates ARP5.1 and AED06 showed inhibitory activity against the evaluated pathogens, but this effect was not observed with the AED26 extract. The media supplemented with copper chloride did not enhance activity of the extracts. These results suggest that using microbial metabolic extracts is a viable alternative for controlling avocado pathogens<em> in vitro</em>.</p>
Influence of Rotary-Steerable-System Design on Borehole Spiraling
Authors: Marck J.. , Detournay E.. 
Published: June 2015

Summary
The paper investigates the influence of the design of push-the-bit rotary-steerable systems (RSSs) on the tendency to drill spiraled boreholes by analyzing the directional stability of the bit trajectory. In this model, differences in RSS designs are accounted for conceptually by assigning a lateral stiffness to the RSS pads. This simple device, which introduces a dependence of the force on the pads upon the deflection of the bottomhole assembly (BHA) relative to the borehole axis, enables exploration of the influence of the actuation mechanism, with the RSS behaving at the ends of the spectrum either as a soft or as a stiff node of the drilling structure.
According to this analysis, low pad stiffness has little consequence on the general behavior of the system. However, as the pad stiffness increases, any perturbation in the borehole geometry sensed by the pads alters the drilling direction of the bit and triggers, under certain conditions, self-excited oscillations in the borehole geometry. By increasing the transverse rigidity of the BHA in the vicinity of the bit, stiff RSS pads thus enhance the propensity of a drilling structure to drill spiraled holes and generate, if the system is directionally unstable, borehole oscillations with pitch that corresponds to the distance between the bit and the pads. In contrast, a directionally unstable BHA equipped with RSS characterized by a low stiffness produces spiraled holes with a wavelength corresponding to the distance between the bit and the first stabilizer.
Productivity of Fenugreek Varieties (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L.) in the Coastal Saline Areas of Noakhali
Authors: Chowdhury M M U , Bhowal S K , Farhad I S M , Choudhury A K , Khan A S M M R 
Published: June 2015

The experiment was conducted at the farmer`s field of Boyerchor, Hatia, Noakhali under On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), during the rabi seasons of 2011-2013 to study the effect of variety on the productivity of fenugreek in coastal saline soil. The experimental treatments included 3 varieties viz. V1= BARI Methi 1, V2 = BARI Methi 2, V3 = Local Methi. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. There was a strong varietal influence on crop growth and seed yield. Among the varieties, BARI Methi 2 showed the best results in terms of plant height, number of branches, number of pods and number of seeds pod-1 resulting in the highest seed yield of 1497 kg ha-1. It was also observed that plant mortality of fenugreek was highly affected at germination stage when the soil salinity was above 4 dSm-1. However, at the later stages of crop growth up to the maturity, the salt tolerance of the crop was higher varying from 4-12 dSm-1. It was indicated that critical range of salinity level for cultivation of fenugreek was 3.42-12.2 dSm-1 from germination till to maturity. Among the fenugreek varieties, BARI Methi 2 offered the highest net return of Tk. 50150 coupled with a benefit cost ratio of 3.03. Though total cost was the same, BARI Methi 2 showed higher BCR (3.03) over BARI Methi 1 and local Methi due to yield differences. The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 18-23