bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a Novel Prostate-Specific Antigen–Activated Peptide-Doxorubicin Conjugate in Patients With Prostate Cancer
Authors: DiPaola Robert S. , Rinehart John , Nemunaitis John , Ebbinghaus Scott , Rubin Eric , Capanna Terry , Ciardella Marie , Doyle-Lindrud Susan , Goodwin Susan , Fontaine Michelle , Adams Ned , Williams Adrienne , Schwartz Michael , Winchell Greg , Wickersham Karen , Deutsch Paul , Yao Siu-Long 
Published: July 2002

PURPOSE: To evaluate safety and pharmacokinetics (PK), and determine the recommended dose for efficacy studies, of L-377202, a novel peptide conjugate of doxorubicin (Dox) that releases the active metabolites leucine-doxorubicin (Leu-Dox) and Dox on cleavage by membrane-bound prostate-specific antigen (PSA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nineteen patients with advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer were treated intravenously with 71 cycles of L-377202 at escalating dose levels of 20 (n = 1), 40 (n = 3), 80 (n = 4), 160 (n = 3), 225 (n = 6), and 315 mg/m2 (n = 2) once every 3 weeks. Toxicity, response, and PK of L-377202 were assessed. RESULTS: L-377202 was well tolerated. Dose-limiting grade 4 neutropenia was noted in two of two patients administered 315 mg/m2 (both patients were able to resume therapy at 225 mg/m2). The recommended dose for efficacy studies was 225 mg/m2, which induced grade 4 neutropenia in one of six patients. PK studies demonstrated that L-377202 was metabolized to Leu-Dox and Dox. PK were linear; after administration of single doses of 225 mg/m2, the mean area under the concentration-time profiles of L-377202, Leu-Dox, and Dox were 6 μmol·L/h, 4 μmol·L/h, and 1 μmol·L/h, and peak concentrations were 14 μmol/L, 5 μmol/L, and 120 nmol/L, respectively. At 225 and 315 mg/m2, five patients completed at least three cycles of therapy; two patients had a greater than 75% decrease in PSA, and one patient had a stabilized PSA. No response was noted at dose levels less than 225 mg/m2. CONCLUSION: This is the first study of selective drug delivery in humans using a novel PSA-activated agent. L-377202 was cleaved to produce detectable levels of the active metabolites Leu-Dox and Dox. L-377202 was well tolerated and established a safe dose level for further study.
Phase II Trial of Carmustine Plus O6-Benzylguanine for Patients With Nitrosourea-Resistant Recurrent or Progressive Malignant Glioma
Authors: Quinn Jennifer A. , Pluda James , Dolan M. Eileen , Delaney Shannon , Kaplan Richard , Rich Jeremy N. , Friedman Allan H. , Reardon David A. , Sampson John H. , Colvin O. Michael , Haglund Michael M. , Pegg Anthony E. , Moschel Robert C. , McLendon Roger E. , Provenzale James M. , Gururangan Sridharan , Tourt-Uhlig Sandra , Herndon James E. , Bigner Darell D. , Friedman Henry S. 
Published: July 2002

PURPOSE: We conducted a phase II trial of carmustine (BCNU) plus the O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase inhibitor O6-benzylguanine (O6-BG) to define the activity and toxicity of this regimen in the treatment of adults with progressive or recurrent malignant glioma resistant to nitrosoureas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were treated with O6-BG at an intravenous dose of 120 mg/m2 followed 1 hour later by 40 mg/m2 of BCNU, with cycles repeated at 6-week intervals. RESULTS: Eighteen patients were treated (15 with glioblastoma multiforme, two with anaplastic astrocytoma, and one with malignant glioma). None of the 18 patients demonstrated a partial or complete response. Two patients exhibited stable disease for 12 weeks before their tumors progressed. Three patients demonstrated stable disease for 6, 12, and 18 weeks before discontinuing therapy because of hematopoietic toxicity. Twelve patients experienced reversible ≥ grade 3 hematopoietic toxicity. There was no difference in half-lives (0.56 ± 0.21 hour v 0.54 ± 0.20 hour) or area under the curve values (4.8 ± 1.7 μg/mL/h v 5.0 ± 1.3 μg/mL/h) of O6-BG for patients receiving phenytoin and those not treated with this drug. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that O6-BG plus BCNU at the dose schedule used in this trial is unsuccessful in producing tumor regression in patients with nitrosourea-resistant malignant glioma, although stable disease was seen in five patients for 6, 12, 12, 12, and 18 weeks. Future use of this approach will require strategies to minimize dose-limiting toxicity of BCNU such as regional delivery or hematopoietic stem-cell protection.
Preoperative Paclitaxel and Concurrent Rapid-Fractionation Radiation for Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Toxicities, Histologic Response Rates, and Event-Free Outcome
Authors: T. Pisters Peter W. , Wolff Robert A. , Janjan Nora A. , Cleary Karen R. , Charnsangavej Chusilp , Crane Christopher N. , Lenzi Renato , Nicolas Vauthey J. , Lee Jeffrey E. , Abbruzzese James L. , Evans Douglas B. 
Published: July 2002

PURPOSE: To evaluate the toxicity of a preoperative regimen of paclitaxel and concurrent external-beam radiation therapy, pancreaticoduodenectomy, and electron-beam intraoperative radiation therapy (EB-IORT) for patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with localized, potentially resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma were treated with 30 Gy external-beam radiation therapy and concomitant weekly 3-hour infusions of paclitaxel (60 mg/m2). Radiographic restaging was performed 4 to 6 weeks after chemoradiation, and patients with localized disease underwent pancreatectomy with EB-IORT. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients completed chemoradiation; 16 (46%) experienced grade 3 toxicity. Four patients (11%) required hospitalization for dehydration due to grade 3 nausea and vomiting. Twenty (80%) of 25 patients who underwent surgery underwent pancreatectomy; EB-IORT was used in 13 patients. There were no histologic complete responses to preoperative therapy; 21% of specimens demonstrated more than 50% nonviable cells (grade 2b treatment effect). With a median follow-up period of 46 months, the 3-year overall survival rate with chemoradiation and pancreatectomy was 28%. CONCLUSION: Preoperative paclitaxel-based concurrent chemoradiation is feasible. The toxicity of this regimen seems greater than that with fluorouracil. The histologic responses and survival are similar, suggesting no advantages to paclitaxel-based preoperative treatment.
Tunable Photoluminescence from Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide
Authors: Healy Brendan F. M. , Pain Sophie L. , Lloyd‐Hughes James , Grant Nicholas E. , Murphy John D. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMonolayer molybdenum disulfide (1L MoS2), a promising optoelectronic material, emits strong visible photoluminescence (PL). Systematic control of the intensity, energy, and spectral width of PL from 1L MoS2 on silicon dioxide/silicon (SiO2/Si) is demonstrated via simple external treatments. Treating MoS2 with solutions formed from the superacid bis‐(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (TFSA) enhances, blueshifts, and sharpens the PL. Treatments with solutions from structurally analogous chemicals that lack sulfur, in the case of bis(trifluoroacetamide) (BTFA), or lack fluorine, in the case of methanesulfonamide (MSA), show the same trend, suggesting a two‐component mechanism for TFSA involving the presence of electronegative species and sulfur vacancy passivation. Up to ≈100× enhancement of the PL intensity is achieved, with the peak blueshifted by ≈30 meV and the spectral linewidth halved. Conversely, direct thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) or hafnium oxide (HfO2) is found to suppress the PL by up to a factor of ≈3, redshift by up to ≈70 meV, and broaden by ≈3×. Single‐spot and mapping Raman/PL techniques are combined in a robust characterization process to associate changes in the PL character to charge doping. This work demonstrates the convenient tunability of the optical behavior of 1L MoS2 by varying the electron density.
Dissecting the Superior Drivers for the Simultaneous Improvement of Fiber Quality and Yield Under Drought Stress Via Genome‐Wide Artificial Introgressions of Gossypium barbadense into Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: Han Bei , Zhang Wenhao , Wang Fengjiao , Yue Pengkai , Liu Zhilin , Yue Dandan , Zhang Bing , Ma Yizan , Lin Zhongxu , Yu Yu , Wang Yanqin , Zhang Xianlong , Yang Xiyan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGlobal water scarcity and extreme weather intensify drought stress, significantly reducing cotton yield and quality worldwide. Drought treatments are conducted using a population of chromosome segment substitution lines generated from E22 (G. hirsutum) and 3–79 (G. barbadense) as parental lines either show superior yields or fiber quality under both control and drought conditions. Fourteen datasets, covering 4 yields and 4 quality traits, are compiled and assessed for drought resistance using the drought resistance coefficient (DRC) and membership function value of drought resistance (MFVD). Genome‐wide association studies, linkage analysis, and bulked segregant analysis are combined to analyze the DR‐related QTL. A total of 121 significant QTL are identified by DRC and MFVD of the 8 traits. CRISPR/Cas9 and virus‐induced gene silencing techniques verified DRR1 and DRT1 as pivotal genes in regulating drought resistant of cotton, with hap3‐79 exhibiting greater drought resistance than hapE22 concerning DRR1 and DRT1. Moreover, 14 markers with superior yield and fiber quality are selected for drought treatment. This study offers valuable insights into yield and fiber quality variations between G. hirsutum and G. barbadense amid drought, providing crucial theoretical and technological backing for developing cotton varieties resilient to drought, with high yield and superior fiber quality.
Modular Prodrug‐Engineered Oxygen Nano‐Tank With Outstanding Nanoassembly Performance, High Oxygen Loading, and Closed‐Loop Tumor Hypoxia Relief
Authors: Yang Fujun , Li Shumeng , Ji Qingyu , Zhang Hongyuan , Zhou Mingyang , Wang Yuequan , Zhang Shenwu , Sun Jin , He Zhonggui , Luo Cong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe clinical translation of tumor hypoxia intervention modalities still falls short of expectation, restricted by poor biocompatibility of oxygen‐carrying materials, unsatisfactory oxygen loading performance, and abnormally high cellular oxygen consumption‐caused insufficient hypoxia relief. Herein, a carrier‐free oxygen nano‐tank based on modular fluorination prodrug design and co‐assembly nanotechnology is elaborately exploited, which is facilely fabricated through the molecular nanoassembly of a fluorinated prodrug (FSSP) of pyropheophorbide a (PPa) and an oxygen consumption inhibitor (atovaquone, ATO). The nano‐tank adeptly achieves sufficient oxygen enrichment while simultaneously suppressing oxygen consumption within tumors for complete tumor hypoxia alleviation. Significant, the fluorination module in FSSP not only confers favorable co‐assemblage of FSSP and ATO, but also empowers the nanoassembly to readily carry oxygen. As expected, it displays excellent oxygen carrying capacity, favorable pharmacokinetics, on‐demand laser‐triggerable ATO release, closed‐loop tumor hypoxia relief, and significant enhancement to PPa‐mediated PDT in vitro and in vivo. This study provides a novel nanotherapeutic paradigm for tumor hypoxia intervention‐enhanced cancer therapy.
Gold Nanodots‐Anchored Cobalt Ferrite Nanoflowers as Versatile Tumor Microenvironment Modulators for Reinforced Redox Dyshomeostasis
Authors: Zeng Guicheng , Mao Jinning , Xing Haiyan , Xu Zhigang , Cao Zhong , Kang Yuejun , Liu Guodong , Xue Peng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGiven that tumor microenvironment (TME) exerts adverse impact on the therapeutic response and clinical outcome, robust TME modulators may significantly improve the curative effect and increase survival benefits of cancer patients. Here, Au nanodots‐anchored CoFe2O4 nanoflowers with PEGylation (CFAP) are developed to respond to TME cues, aiming to exacerbate redox dyshomeostasis for efficacious antineoplastic therapy under ultrasound (US) irradiation. After uptake by tumor cells, CFAP with glucose oxidase (GOx)‐like activity can facilitate glucose depletion and promote the production of H2O2. Multivalent elements of Co(II)/Co(III) and Fe(II)/Fe(III) in CFAP display strong Fenton‐like activity for·OH production from H2O2. On the other hand, energy band structure CFAP is superior for US‐actuated 1O2 generation, relying on the enhanced separation and retarded recombination of e−/h+ pairs. In addition, catalase‐mimic CFAP can react with cytosolic H2O2 to generate molecular oxygen, which may increase the product yields from O2‐consuming reactions, such as glucose oxidation and sonosensitization processes. Besides the massive production of reactive oxygen species, CFAP is also capable of exhausting glutathione to devastate intracellular redox balance. Severe immunogenic cell death and effective inhibition of solid tumor by CFAP demonstrates the clinical potency of such heterogeneous structure and may inspire more relevant designs for disease therapy.
RuCo/ZrO2 Tandem Catalysts with Photothermal Confinement Effect for Enhanced CO2 Methanation
Authors: Yang Fan , Liu Xiaoyu , Xing Chuanshun , Chen Zizheng , Zhao Lili , Liu Xingwu , Gao Wenqiang , Zhu Luyi , Liu Hong , Zhou Weijia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhotothermal CO2 methanation reaction represents a promising strategy for addressing CO2‐related environmental issues. The presence of efficient tandem catalytic sites with a localized high‐temperature is an effective pathway to enhance the performance of CO2 methanation. Here the bimetallic RuCo nanoparticles anchored on ZrO2 fiber cotton (RuCo/ZrO2) as a photothermal catalyst for CO2 methanation are prepared. A significant photothermal CO2 methanation performance with optimal CH4 selectivity (99%) and rate (169.93 mmol gcat−1 h−1) is achieved. The photothermal energy of the RuCo bimetallic nanoparticles, confined by the infrared insulation and low thermal conductivity of the ZrO2 fiber cotton (ZrO2 FC), provides a localized high‐temperature. In situ spectroscopic experiments on RuCo/ZrO2, Ru/ZrO2, and Co/ZrO2 indicate that the construction of tandem catalytic sites, where the Co site favors CO2 conversion to CO while incorporating Ru enhances CO* adsorption for subsequent hydrogenation, results in a higher selectivity toward CH4. This work opens a new insight into designing tandem catalysts with a photothermal confinement effect in CO2 methanation reaction.
Bereavement scheduling policy for emergency medicine residents: A descriptive pilot study
Authors: Kelly Timothy D. , de Venecia Bryce T. , Pang Peter S. , Turner Joseph S. , Reed Kyra D. , Pettit Katie E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has tasked residency programs to prioritize resident wellness, reduce trainee stress, and prevent burnout. Grief and bereavement can significantly impact residents' wellness during difficult clinical training schedules. There are no best practices on how to support residents during this time.MethodsIn a split academic county emergency medicine (EM) residency, this pilot study documents a resident‐driven change to scheduling practices for bereavement leave. An advisory group of residents, chief residents, and program directors informally polled peer institutions to develop bereavement leave guidelines. Considerations were made to balance resident wellness, education, and patient care in developing a bereavement scheduling policy.ResultsThe bereavement policy was adopted in January 2023, aiming to “support the resident during a difficult time and reduce concerns around shift coverage” following the death of a family member without impacting sick call. The number of covered days depended on the relationship of the resident to the deceased. Residents covering bereavement days for their peers were financially compensated. During the first 7 months following implementation, five residents utilized the policy. These residents noted this to be the most positive impact on the residency during the past year. Based on resident feedback, the scope was expanded to include grave medical illness of a family member as an implementation criterion.ConclusionsThis article outlines the creation, implementation, and benefits of a bereavement scheduling policy within an EM residency. Describing this approach will provide guidance for other residencies to adopt similar wellness‐focused strategies.
A comparison of sex‐specific markers for two wild masu salmon populations in Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Hosoki Takuya K. , Clark Noël M. , Futamura Ryo , Moriyama Senri , Kishida Osamu , Kanno Yoichiro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe evaluated the utility of three male‐specific molecular markers, sdY, sdY 227U and OtY2m, in two wild populations of masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) in southwestern Hokkaido, Japan. Male‐specific fragments amplified in all phenotypic males across the markers. Phenotypic females were genetically identified as males using sdY (57%) and sdY 227U (4%), but no phenotypic females were identified as males using OtY2m. We conclude that OtY2m was the most reliable sex marker, followed closely by sdY 227U, among those tested in our study populations. Additional research is warranted to test the applicability of these markers in other populations and Oncorhynchus species.
Racial and ethnic differences in the risk of dementia diagnosis under hypothetical blood pressure–lowering interventions: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Rojas‐Saunero L. Paloma , Hughes Timothy M. , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose , Jimenez Marcia Pescador 
Published: July 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONSubstantial racial and ethnic disparities in hypertension and dementia exist in the United States. We evaluated the effect of maintaining systolic blood pressure (SBP) below clinical thresholds on dementia incidence.METHODSWe included 6806 Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants (44 to 84 years old). We implemented the parametric g‐formula to simulate the hypothetical interventions to reduce SBP below 120 and 140 mmHg over time, accounting for time‐varying confounding. We estimated risk ratios (RRs) and risk differences for dementia incidence at 19 years.RESULTSThe RRs (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) comparing an intervention reducing SBP below 120 mmHg to no intervention were 0.93 (0.87 to 0.99) for total sample, 0.95 (0.88 to 1.02) for White, 0.90 (0.79 to 1.02) for Black, 0.90 (0.78 to 1.05) for Latino, and 1.16 (0.83 to 1.55) for Chinese American participants. Results for lowering SBP below 140 mmHg and with death as competing event were attenuated.DISCUSSIONThe reduction of SBP below 120 mmHg over time has modest effects on reducing dementia incidence. More work is needed to understand the heterogeneity across racial and ethnic groups.Highlights
There is a potential beneficial effect in lowering SBP to reduce the risk of dementia, which may vary by race and ethnicity.
The percentage of participants who would need intervention on blood pressure to meet clinical thresholds is greater for Black and Latino communities.
Results are sensitive to the way that death is specified in the research question and analysis.
Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production by MOF‐Derived Metal Oxide Heterojunctions with a 10.0 % Apparent Quantum Yield
Authors: Musa Emmanuel N. , Yadav Ankit K. , Smith Kyle T. , Jung Min Soo , Stickle William F. , Eschbach Peter , Ji Xiulei , Stylianou Kyriakos C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic hydrogen production offers an alternative pathway to establish a sustainable energy economy, utilizing the Earth's natural sunlight and water resources to address environmental concerns associated with fossil fuel combustion. While numerous photoactive materials exhibit high potential for generating hydrogen from water, the synergy achieved by combining two different materials with complementary properties in the form of heterojunctions can significantly enhance the rate of hydrogen production and quantum efficiency. Our study describes the design and generation of the metal–organic framework‐derived (MOF) metal oxide heterojunction herein referred to as RTTA, composed of RuO2/N,S‐TiO2. The RuO2/N,S‐TiO2 is generated through the pyrolysis of MOFs, Ru‐HKUST‐1, and the amino‐functionalized MIL‐125‐NH2 in the presence of thiourea. Among the various RTTA materials tested, RTTA‐1, characterized by the lowest RuO2 content, exhibited the highest hydrogen evolution rate, producing 10,761 μmol ⋅ hr−1 ⋅ g−1 of hydrogen with an apparent quantum yield of 10.0 % in pure water containing glycerol. In addition to RTTA‐1, we generated two other MOF‐derived metal oxide heterojunctions, namely ZTTA‐1 (ZnO/N,S‐TiO2) and ITTA‐1 (In2O3/N,S‐TiO2). These heterojunctions were tested for their photocatalytic activity, leading to apparent quantum yields of 0.7 % and 0.3 %, respectively. The remarkable photocatalytic activity observed in RTTA‐1 is thought to be attributed to the synergistic effects arising from the combination of metallic properties inherent in the metal oxides, complemented by the presence of suitable band alignment, porosity, and surface properties inherited from the parent MOFs. These properties enhance electron transfer and restrict hole movement. The photocatalytic efficiency of RTTA‐1 was further demonstrated in actual water samples, producing hydrogen with a rate of 8,190 μmol ⋅ hr−1 ⋅ g−1 in tap water, and 6,390 μmol ⋅ hr−1 ⋅ g−1 in river water.
Business education and its paradoxes: Linking business and biodiversity through critical pedagogy curriculum
Authors: Kopnina Helen , Hughes Alice C. , Zhang Ruopiao (Scarlett) , Russell Mike , Fellinger Engelbert , Smith Simon M. , Tickner Les 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, launched during the United Nations Biodiversity Conference in December 2022, encourages governments, companies and investors to publish data on their nature‐related risks, dependencies and impacts. These disclosures are intended to drive businesses to recognise, manage and mitigate their reliance on ecosystem goods and services. However, there is a ‘biodiversity blind spot’ that is evident for most organisations and business schools. Business education rarely addresses the root causes of biodiversity loss, such as the unsustainable exploitation of natural resources. As the dominant positioning of Education for Sustainable Development Goals (ESDG) presents biodiversity in anthropocentric instrumental terms inadequate for addressing ecosystem decline, we posit that a more progressive and transformative ecocentric education through ecopedagogy and ecoliteracy is needed. Both approaches include the development of critical thinking about degrowth, the circular economy and conventional stakeholder theory to include non‐human stakeholders. Using comparative case studies from Northumbria University, the University of Hong Kong and Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, we illustrate how business education can be transformed to address biodiversity loss, providing theoretical guidance and practical recommendations to academic practitioners and future business leaders.