bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surdité et désir d'enfant
Authors: Garcia Cécile 
Published: July 2013

Même lorsque la question du handicap ne se pose pas, il existe certaines personnes pour qui l’équilibre au sein de la communauté Sourde est difficile à atteindre. Les enfants entendants de parents sourds se disent « entre deux cultures ». D’où peut venir cette instabilité identitaire les obligeant à se définir comme cela ? À travers l’étude de cas de M me J., nous verrons une piste intéressante pouvant fournir une réponse. Le désir d’enfant de la femme Sourde, dans toute sa dimension inconsciente, entraîne un désir d’enfant ambivalent : sourd/entendant. Cet enfant imaginaire s’inscrit dans l’histoire personnelle de la mère. Histoire qui est focalisée vers la revendication d’une identité Sourde en réaction au déni de surdité de la société.
Mathematical Model to Compare the Relative Tensile Strength of the Cornea After PRK, LASIK, and Small Incision Lenticule Extraction
Authors: Reinstein Dan Z. , Archer Timothy J. , Randleman J. Bradley 
Published: July 2013

PURPOSE:
To develop a mathematical model to estimate the relative differences in postoperative stromal tensile strength following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), LASIK, and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:

Using previously published data where in vitro corneal stromal tensile strength was determined as a function of depth, a mathematical model was built to calculate the relative remaining tensile strength by fitting the data with a fourth order polynomial function yielding a high correlation coefficient (R
2
= 0.930). Calculating the area under this function provided a measure of total stromal tensile strength (TTS), based only on the residual stromal layer for PRK or LASIK and the residual stromal layers above and below the lenticule interface for SMILE.

RESULTS:

Postoperative TTS was greatest after SMILE, followed by PRK, then LASIK; for example, in a 550-
μ
m cornea after 100-
μ
m tissue removal, postoperative TTS was 75% for SMILE (130-
μ
m cap), 68% for PRK, and 54% for LASIK (110-
μ
m flap). The postoperative TTS decreased for thinner corneal pachymetry for all treatment types. In LASIK, the postoperative TTS decreased with increasing flap thickness by 0.22%/
μ
m, but increased by 0.08%/
μ
m for greater cap thickness in SMILE. The model predicted that SMILE lenticule thickness could be approximately 100
μ
m greater than the LASIK ablation depth and still have equivalent corneal strength (equivalent to approximately 7.75 diopters).

CONCLUSIONS:
This mathematical model predicts that the postoperative TTS is considerably higher after SMILE than both PRK and LASIK, as expected given that the strongest anterior lamellae remain intact. Consequently, SMILE should be able to correct higher levels of myopia.

[
J Refract Surg.
2013;29(7):454–460.]
Infinite Dimensional DeWitt Supergroups and their Bodies
Authors: Fulp Ronald 
Published: July 2013

AbstractFor Dewitt super groups G modeled via an underlying finitely generated Grassmann algebra it is well known that when there exists a body group BG compatible with the group operation on G, then, generically, the kernel K of the body homomorphism is nilpotent. This is not true when the underlying Grassmann algebra is infinitely generated. We show that it is quasi-nilpotent in the sense that as a Banach Lie group its Lie algebra κ has the property that for each a ∊ κ ada has a zero spectrum. We also show that the exponential mapping from κ to K is surjective and that K is a quotient manifold of the Banach space κ via a lattice in κ.
N-Heterocyclic Carbene-facilated Condensation of 3-Methylphenylboronic Acid to the Boroxine
Authors: Zhang Dongxiang , Li Jie , Dong Xiao , Zhou Xing , Yang Zhi , Roesky Herbert W. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The adduct of (3-MeC6H4)3B3O3 with an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC=1,3-diethyl-4,5- dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene) was prepared by reacting 2.5 equiv. of 3-methylphenylboronic acid with 1 equiv. of the NHC. This reaction shows a novel carbene-facilitated condensation of substituted phenylboronic acid monomers. The structure of the compound (3-MeC6H4)3B3O3(NHC) (1) has been characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies
Oxidation Reactions Catalyzed by Polyoxomolybdate Salts
Authors: Zhang Bo , Li Su , Pöthig Alexander , Cokoja Mirza , Zang Shu-Liang , Herrmann Wolfgang A. , Kühn Fritz E. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Ionic compounds containing the polyoxomolybdate anion [Mo6O19]2- and [(n-C4H9)4P]+ (tetrabutylphosphonium), [(n-C4H9)3P(n-C14H29)]+ (tributyl (tetradecyl)phosphonium), [Bmim]+ (1- butyl-3-methylimidazolium) and [Dbmim]+ (1,2-dimethyl-3-butylimidazolium) cations were prepared and characterized, including the determination of three of the solid state structures by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction. These compounds were applied as catalysts for the epoxidation of olefins with urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP) as oxidant in the ionic liquid [Bmim]PF6. Additionally, the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in several solvents was investigated. The polyoxomolybdate catalysts showed a good performance for epoxidation of olefins as well as for oxidation of sulfides. Furthermore, the catalysts can be recycled several times in oxidation reactions. We present this methodology for the oxidation reaction in a simple, economically, technically, and environmentally benign manner
Aminkomplexe des Goldes, Teil 7: Pseudosymmetrie bei Aminkomplexen des Gold(I)-cyanids [1] / Amine Complexes of Gold, Part 7: Pseudosymmetry in Amine Complexes of Gold(I) Cyanide
Authors: Döring Cindy , Jones Peter G. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The reaction between (tht)AuCl (tht = tetrahydrothiophene) and KCN leads to gold(I) cyanide. This can be treated with liquid amines or azaaromatics L to give crystalline molecular complexes LAuCN, the first complexes of the type (amine)cyanogold(I): L = cyclohexylamine, isobutylamine, isopropylamine, diethylamine, morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, 2,4-lutidine, 3,5-lutidine, and 4- picoline. The cyclohexylamine complex was also obtained as the adduct LauCN L and the pyrrolidine complex in the ionic form [L2Au]+ [Au(CN)2]-. Two polymorphs of the 3,5-lutidine complex were obtained. Ethylenediamine gave the 2:1 complex L(AuCN)2. Several of the structures were difficult to refine because of pseudosymmetry (e. g. polar axes). The packing diagrams were analyzed in terms of Au-Au contacts and NH....N hydrogen bonds. As proof of the principle that the method is also suitable for other ligands, the complex with t-butyldiisopropylphosphane was synthesized and structurally characterized
Synthesis and Coordination Chemistry of a Tris(benzene-o-dithiolato)- functionalized Ligand as a Siderophore Analog
Authors: Ruppel Susanne , Schulte to Brinke Christian , Hahn F. Ekkehardt 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
As a siderophore analog, the tripodal tris(benzene-o-dithiol)-functionalized ligand H6-5, has been synthesized in four steps including the reaction of 1,3,5-(triaminomethyl)-2,4,6-triethylbenzene and 2,3-bis(isopropylmercapto)benzoyl chloride followed by removal of the S-protecting groups. Reaction of compound H6-5 with [Ti(OPr)4] in the presence of (NEt4)Cl leads to the formation of complex (NEt4)2[Ti(5)] featuring three bidentate benzene-o-dithiolato donors from one ligand coordinated to the metal center. An X-ray diffraction structure analysis with crystals of (NEt4)2[Ti(5)] DMF has shown that the coordination geometry at the metal center is best described as distorted trigonalprismatic with a twist angle of ϕav = 18:5°.
Isolation, Optical Properties and Core Structure of a Water-soluble, Phosphine-stabilized [Au9]3+ Cluster
Authors: Gutrath Benjamin S. , Merkens Carina , Schiefer Frank , Englert Ulli , Schmid Günter , Simon Ulrich 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
A water-soluble, crystalline Au9 cluster compound stabilized with sodium (m-sulfonatophenyl) diphenylphosphine (TPPMSNa) was obtained during the NaBH4 reduction of [Au(TPPMSNa)Cl] H2O in ethanol. Characterization by optical extinction spectroscopy, singlecrystal X-ray diffraction in combination with energy dispersive X-ray diffraction led to the preliminary formula Na(8-x)[Au9(TPPMS)8]Cl(3-x) nH2O (0 ≤ x ≤ 3, n ≈ 16) with the cluster core in crown conformation. 31P{1H} nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed one singlet at 57:3 ppm. This is the first example where gold clusters stabilized by TPPMSNa formed crystals which where suitable for core structure determination
First Incorporation of the Tetrahedral [Sn4]4- Cluster into a Discrete Solvate Na4[Sn4] (NH3)13 from Solutions of Na4Sn4 in Liquid Ammonia
Authors: Waibel Markus , Fässler Thomas F. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Treatment of solutions of Na4Sn4 in liquid ammonia with CuMes (Mes=mesityl) and 18-crown-6 afforded crystals of the composition Na4[Sn4] (NH3)13. The structure features anionic units {Na7[Sn4]2} and separate Na cations, both fully solvated by ammonia molecules
Genome‐Wide Annotation and Quantitation of Translation by Ribosome Profiling
Authors: Ingolia Nicholas T. , Brar Gloria A. , Rouskin Silvia , McGeachy Anna M. , Weissman Jonathan S. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractProtein translation represents a key regulated step in gene expression. Here, we present procedures for comprehensive and quantitative analysis of translation in vivo. This approach, termed ribosome profiling, makes it possible to directly measure the rate of protein synthesis and to reveal the full range of proteins translated by the cell, including unexpected micropeptides and alternative protein isoforms. Ribosome profiling relies on nuclease footprinting of ribosomes onto mRNAs followed by the analysis of these ribosome‐protected fragments by deep sequencing. The protocol presented here encompasses technical optimizations to capture ribosomes at their positions in vivo, perform high‐resolution nuclease footprinting, and prepare deep‐sequencing libraries from these footprints. The alignment of ribosome footprint sequences is discussed as well. The presence of aligned ribosome footprints indicates ribosome occupancy and thus translation, and the density of these footprints reports on the rate of translation. The unit also discusses the use of the translation inhibitor harringtonine to immobilize initiating ribosomes specifically and thereby map sites of translation initiation. Experimental manipulations for ribosome profiling take roughly 5 to 7 days, and sequencing and analysis require an additional 4 to 5 days. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Genome‐Scale Mapping of DNase I Hypersensitivity
Authors: John Sam , Sabo Peter J. , Canfield Theresa K. , Lee Kristen , Vong Shinny , Weaver Molly , Wang Hao , Vierstra Jeff , Reynolds Alex P. , Thurman Robert E. , Stamatoyannopoulos John A. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractDNase I‐seq is a global and high‐resolution method that uses the nonspecific endonuclease DNase I to map chromatin accessibility. These accessible regions, designated as DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs), define the regulatory features, (e.g., promoters, enhancers, insulators, and locus control regions) of complex genomes. In this unit, methods are described for nuclei isolation, digestion of nuclei with limiting concentrations of DNase I, and the biochemical fractionation of DNase I hypersensitive sites in preparation for high‐throughput sequencing. DNase I‐seq is an unbiased and robust method that is not predicated on an a priori understanding of regulatory patterns or chromatin features. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 103:21.27.1–21.27.20. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Canada's Cabled Ocean Networks Humming Along
Authors: Moran Kate 
Published: July 2013

Canada recently reconfirmed commitment to supporting cabled ocean observations by awarding Ocean Networks Canada (ONC) 5 years of operations and maintenance funding. ONC supports the Victoria Experimental Network Under the Sea (VENUS) and Northeast Pacific Timeseries Underwater Networked Experiments (NEPTUNE Canada), both located offshore Canada's west coast (Figure 1). Results from both efforts demonstrate the wealth of information that can be gained through continuous in situ monitoring of the sea.
Coordinating Observational Campaigns to Study the Tropical Tropopause Layer
Authors: Morris Gary A. , Gettelman Andrew , Hasebe Fumio 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe tropical tropopause layer (TTL) is the dominant region for entry of tropospheric air into the global stratosphere. Despite significant theoretical advances and a rapidly growing archive of satellite data, important science questions related to the control of humidity and the chemical composition of air entering the stratosphere remain unanswered. Many processes are involved, including large‐scale ascent, atmospheric waves, and cloud microphysics. Further progress requires better analysis of current and past observations as well as new observational campaigns in which in situ observations on both balloons and aircraft platforms are coordinated with satellite observations.
Interplanetary Space Weather: A New Paradigm
Authors: Guhathakurta Madhulika 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn September 1859, Earth was hit by a solar storm so powerful that it set telegraph offices on fire and sparked northern lights in the South Pacific. Historians call it the “Carrington Event,” after English astronomer Richard Carrington, who witnessed the instigating solar flare on a projecting screen with his unaided eyes. Many consider this to be the birth of space weather.
Proposed U.S. Geological Survey Budget Would Provide “Significant” Increase
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: July 2013

The White House's proposed budget for the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for fiscal year (FY) 2014, which the administration submitted to Congress on 10 April, would provide the agency with $1.17 billion, an increase of $98.02 million, 9.17% more than the FY 2012 enacted budget of $1.07 billion (see Table 1). The proposed budget is a “significant” increase and “makes a statement about the USGS's relevance in the federal research community,” USGS acting director Suzette Kimball said at the agency's briefing. Because Congress approved the FY 2013 budget just a few weeks prior to the release of the Obama administration's proposal, the FY 2014 budget is compared with the FY 2012 enacted budget here.
Exploring the Causes of Mass Extinction Events
Authors: Keller Gerta , Kerr Andrew C. , MacLeod Norman 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe Natural History Museum in London recently hosted an international, multidisciplinary conference that brought together 150 researchers in geology, geophysics, geochemistry, volcanology, sedimentology, paleontology, and astronomy to review and assess recent research into the causes of mass extinction events. Participants included experts as well as younger researchers and students. Through listening and learning from one another and by spirited constructive discussions, a new collaborative and multidisciplinary approach to resolving outstanding problems in this field was explored. The data and concepts presented and discussed at the meeting also have value well beyond the geosciences, particularly with regard to understanding modern environmental crises.
Economic Growth in the Face of Weather and Climate Extremes: A Call for Better Data
Authors: Pendleton Linwood , Karl Thomas R. , Mills Evan 
Published: July 2013

The U.S. economy has grown to be the world's largest, even in the face of the most varied and costly weather and climate extremes on the planet (see http://www.munichreamerica.com/webinars/2013_01_natcatreview/MunichRe_III_NatCat01032013.pdf). Nevertheless, these extremes continue to take a toll on the nation, diverting public and private funds while limiting economic growth and jobs and threatening the well‐being of Americans. Extreme weather events affect every state and manifest differently by region (see Figure 1 in Supporting Information in the online version of this Forum and http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/summary‐stats).
Dramatic Enhancement of Photoluminescence Quantum Yields for Surface‐Engineered Si Nanocrystals within the Solar Spectrum
Authors: Svrcek Vladimir , Dohnalova Katerina , Mariotti Davide , Trinh Minh Tuan , Limpens Rens , Mitra Somak , Gregorkiewicz Tom , Matsubara Koiji , Kondo Michio 
Published: July 2013

AbstractSubstantial improvements of the absolute photoluminescence quantum yield (QY) for surfactant‐free silicon nanocrystals (Si‐ncs) by atmospheric pressure microplasma 3‐dimensional surface engineering are reported. The effect of surface characteristics on carrier multiplication mechanisms is explored using transient induced absorption and photoluminescence QY. Surface engineering of Si‐ncs is demonstrated to lead to more than 120 times increase in the absolute QY (from 0.1% up to 12%) within an important spectral range of the solar emission (2.3–3 eV). The Si‐ncs QY is shown to be stable when Si‐ncs are stored in ethanol at ambient conditions for three months.
Brief communication: Adrenal androgens and aging: Female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) compared with women
Authors: Blevins James K. , Coxworth James E. , Herndon James G. , Hawkes Kristen 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTOvarian cycling continues to similar ages in women and chimpanzees yet our nearest living cousins become decrepit during their fertile years and rarely outlive them. Given the importance of estrogen in maintaining physiological systems aside from fertility, similar ovarian aging in humans and chimpanzees combined with somatic aging differences indicates an important role for nonovarian estrogen. Consistent with this framework, researchers have nominated the adrenal androgen dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate (DHEAS), which can be peripherally converted to estrogen, as a biomarker of aging in humans and other primates. Faster decline in production of this steroid with age in chimpanzees could help explain somatic aging differences. Here, we report circulating levels of DHEAS in captive female chimpanzees and compare them with published levels in women. Instead of faster, the decline is slower in chimpanzees, but from a much lower peak. Levels reported for other great apes are lower still. These results point away from slowed decline but toward increased DHEAS production as one of the mechanisms underlying the evolution of human longevity. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:643–648, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hydrolyzable‐emulsifier‐containing polymer latices as dispersants and binders for waterborne carbon black paint
Authors: Itoh Yoshihiro , Ozaki Kaori , Maezawa Ryosuke 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTPoly(styrene‐co‐butyl methacrylate) and poly(styrene‐co‐butyl acrylate) latices were prepared by emulsion polymerization with alkali‐hydrolyzable and nonhydrolyzable cationic emulsifiers and were used as a dispersant and binder for waterborne carbon black (CB) paint. CB was dispersed in the latex solutions and then coated on filter paper pretreated with dilute aqueous Na2CO3 under mild conditions. The styrene (St)‐rich rigid copolymer latices easily dispersed the CB but fixed a little amount of the pigment on the paper surface. In contrast, the methacrylate‐ and acrylate‐rich soft latices tended to increase the adhesibility on it. We also demonstrated that the hydrolyzable‐emulsifier‐containing latices always had a higher adhesibility than the nonhydrolyzable‐emulsifier‐containing ones. Thus, the hydrolyzable‐emulsifier‐containing latices with an appropriate St content had the highest paintability, rapid adhesion, quick drying, reduced fading, superior fastness, and so on. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3869–3873, 2013
Effect of the carbonyl content on the properties of composite films based on oxidized starch and gelatin
Authors: Wang Yajuan , Jiang Lan , Duan Jingkuan , Shao Shuangxi 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTTo improve the properties of gelatin, oxidized starch (OS) with different carbonyl content was introduced into the gelatin. In this study, we researched the influence of the carbonyl content of OS on the rheological characteristics, swelling behavior, thermal properties, and wettability of the modified gelatin film (MGF). The MGF samples were prepared by the casting of a 10% w/w solution of gelatin and OS with 18.9, 38.7, and 49.3% carbonyl content, respectively. The results of the dynamic viscosity demonstrated that the influence of the temperature on the rheological characteristics of native gelatin film (NGF) was more obvious than that of MGF. Meanwhile, the viscosity of the samples decreased with increasing carbonyl content in OS. Both the differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry curves indicated that the denaturation and pyrogenic decomposition temperatures of the MGF samples were higher than those of NGF; this meant that the crosslinking between NGF and OS improved the physicochemical properties of gelatin. Compared with the NGF sample, MGF was less hydrophilic because the hydrophilic groups of gelatin could be shielded by OS. Meanwhile, the acid–base and salt sensitivity of the MGF samples were very obvious; therefore, the MGF samples could potentially be used as biomedical materials. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3809–3815, 2013
Modification of disposable screen‐printed carbon electrode surfaces with conductive electrospun nanofibers for biosensor applications
Authors: Ekabutr Pongpol , Chailapakul Orawan , Supaphol Pitt 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTIn this work, we describe an alternative approach to the surface modification of screen‐printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) to fabricate a polypyrrole/polyacrylonitrile multiwall carbon nanotube‐modified screen‐printed carbon electrode (PPy/PAN‐MWCNT/SPCE) using a two‐step process. First, PAN loaded with 5 wt % of MWCNTs was electrospun onto a carbon layer. The CNT‐embedded PAN electrospun nanofibers (average diameter ≈ 200 nm) were subsequently coated with a PPy layer via vapor‐phase polymerization using p‐toluenesulfonate as an oxidizing agent in a vacuum system. The electrochemical behavior of both the unmodified and the modified SPCEs were compared using cyclic voltammetry (CV) with common electroactive analytes in order to optimize the electrospinning and the vapor‐phase parameters. By incorporating glucose oxidase(GOX) as an enzymatic model into the modified electrode without a mediator, we conducted a calibration study which showed that glucose could be detected by an amperometer over a linear range of 0.25–6 mM with a LOD of 15.51 μM and a sensitivity of 5.41 μA/mM cm2. With a mediator, the glucose detection can be performed at low potential over a linear range of 0.125–7 mM with a LOD of 0.98 mM and a sensitivity of 14.62 μA/mM cm2. Therefore, the novel modified electrode is a promising new device for biosensor applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3885–3893, 2013
ANN modeling in Pb(II) removal from water by clay‐polymer composites fabricated via the melt‐blending
Authors: Dlamini Derrick S. , Mishra Ajay K. , Mamba Bhekie B. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThis work presents two new related aspects in heavy‐metal adsorption. The first aspect is the use of Cloisite® C20A‐polycaprolactone (C20A‐PCL) composite with the aid of dry Na2SO4 in Pb(II) extraction from water. The composite was fabricated by means of the melt‐blending method at a filler loading rate of 3% (w/w). This material was able to remove 87% of Pb(II) from water despite the fact that the polymer is a thermoplastic and the C20A is hydrophobic. The second aspect is the modeling of the adsorption data obtained using polymer‐clay composites synthesized via the melt‐blending method by artificial neural networks. A network with 10 neurons and using TRAINLM, and employing tansig function in the input layer and purelin in the output layer was found to be optimal. The network was used to predict the adsorption efficiency of Pb(II) by several clay‐polymer composites and the correlation was satisfactory. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3894–3901, 2013