bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medium‐chain alkyl esters of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol antioxidants by cuphea oil transesterification
Authors: Laszlo Joseph A. , Cermak Steven C. , Evans Kervin O. , Compton David L. , Evangelista Roque , Berhow Mark A. 
Published: November 2012

AbstractEffective lipophilic antioxidants were prepared by non‐aqueous enzymatic transesterification of plant phenols with cuphea oil. Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, abundantly available phenols from olive oil processing byproduct, were found to be predominately acylated with capric acid derived from the triglyceride fraction of the Cuphea germplasm line PSR 23 (Cuphea Viscosissima × C. lanceolata). The reaction was complete within 2 h, with a >97% conversion of either phenol using immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B. The reaction products were good solvents for tyrosol or hydroxytyrosol, suggesting a facile manufacturing route not dependent on use of organic solvents. Phenolic derivatives were assessed for their ability to serve as antioxidants for preventing the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acyl groups. The antioxidant capacities of the cuphea‐derived fatty acyl derivatives of tyrosol or hydroxytyrosol were the same as their respective derivatives prepared from decanoic acid. These biobased antioxidants may improve the oxidative stability of sensitive fatty acids in food applications.Practical applications: A new biobased antioxidant was created for the food industry. Foods can contain fats and oils that are susceptible to deterioration during storage, which can limit product quality and shelf‐life. Synthetic antioxidants can slow the spoilage process, although there are limitations to how much can be added to foods. The food industry is interested in using natural ingredients to solve storage stability problems. We found that the oil from the plant Cuphea, cultivated in the upper Midwest region of the US, is very useful for modifying olive oil waste molecules to create antioxidants for use in foods. The developed process would be suitable for commercial production. This research creates a new commercial use for a specialty oil seed crop, expands the market for cuphea oil, and has developed two novel antioxidants to help the food industry improve food quality.
Core Expansion of Perylenetetracarboxdiimide Dyes with Anthraquinone Units for Electron‐Accepting Materials
Authors: Xu Liang , Liu Chao , Qin Zhihong , Jiang Runsheng , Li Yongjun 
Published: November 2012

AbstractA perylenetetracarboxdiimide derivative containing an anthraquinone unit has been synthesized by the phototriggered intramolecular cyclization of 2‐anthraquinone‐substituted perylenetetracarboxdiimide. The anthraquinone‐substituted perylenetetracarboxdiimide dyes showed excellent electron‐accepting abilities with four reversible reduction potentials. Photovoltaic devices of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PDIs/Ca/Al were fabricated and power conversion efficiencies of 0.16 and 0.39 were obtained for 1 and 2, respectively.
Targeting aurora kinases limits tumour growth through DNA damage‐mediated senescence and blockade of NF‐κB impairs this drug‐induced senescence
Authors: Liu Yan , Hawkins Oriana E. , Su Yingjun , Vilgelm Anna E. , Sobolik Tammy , Thu Yee‐Mon , Kantrow Sara , Splittgerber Ryan C. , Short Sarah , Amiri Katayoun I. , Ecsedy Jeffery A. , Sosman Jeffery A. , Kelley Mark C. , Richmond Ann 
Published: November 2012

AbstractOncogene‐induced senescence can provide a protective mechanism against tumour progression. However, production of cytokines and growth factors by senescent cells may contribute to tumour development. Thus, it is unclear whether induction of senescence represents a viable therapeutic approach. Here, using a mouse model with orthotopic implantation of metastatic melanoma tumours taken from 19 patients, we observed that targeting aurora kinases with MLN8054/MLN8237 impaired mitosis, induced senescence and markedly blocked proliferation in patient tumour implants. Importantly, when a subset of tumour‐bearing mice were monitored for tumour progression after pausing MLN8054 treatment, 50% of the tumours did not progress over a 12‐month period. Mechanistic analyses revealed that inhibition of aurora kinases induced polyploidy and the ATM/Chk2 DNA damage response, which mediated senescence and a NF‐κB‐related, senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Blockade of IKKβ/NF‐κB led to reversal of MLN8237‐induced senescence and SASP. Results demonstrate that removal of senescent tumour cells by infiltrating myeloid cells is crucial for inhibition of tumour re‐growth. Altogether, these data demonstrate that induction of senescence, coupled with immune surveillance, can limit melanoma growth.
Reducing HDAC6 ameliorates cognitive deficits in a mouse model for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Govindarajan Nambirajan , Rao Pooja , Burkhardt Susanne , Sananbenesi Farahnaz , Schlüter Oliver M. , Bradke Frank , Lu Jianrong , Fischer André 
Published: November 2012

AbstractHistone deacetylases (HDACs) are currently being discussed as promising therapeutic targets to treat neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role of specific HDACs in cognition and neurodegeneration remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the function of HDAC6, a class II member of the HDAC superfamily, in the adult mouse brain. We report that mice lacking HDAC6 are cognitively normal but reducing endogenous HDAC6 levels restores learning and memory and α‐tubulin acetylation in a mouse model for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our data suggest that this therapeutic effect is, at least in part, linked to the observation that loss of HDAC6 renders neurons resistant to amyloid‐β‐mediated impairment of mitochondrial trafficking. Thus, our study suggests that targeting HDAC6 could be a suitable strategy to ameliorate cognitive decline observed in AD.
Location‐assisted clustering and scheduling for coordinated homogeneous and heterogeneous cellular networks
Authors: Eslami Mohsen , Elliott Robert C. , Krzymień Witold A. , Al‐Shalash Mazin 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTThe multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) downlink with transmitter coordination in a cellular network is considered. The transmitters are assumed to be either neighbouring base stations (homogeneous) or a base station with a number of remote radio heads that form picocells in its coverage area (heterogeneous). In centralized coordinated transmission from a cluster of nodes, the channel state information (CSI) of users needs to be sent to a central processor for precoding and resource allocation. Real‐time CSI feedback from the users to their home base station and from the base stations to the central processor is a serious challenge from a practical point of view. In this work, efficient location‐assisted limited‐feedback schemes for homogeneous and heterogeneous cellular networks are proposed. First, a hybrid mode transmission scheme with reduced feedback requirement is proposed for a homogeneous network, in which on the basis of the location of users, some are served using a single‐cell multiuser MIMO approach and some using a network MIMO approach. Next, for a heterogeneous network, a location‐assisted clustering and scheduling scheme is proposed for the case of joint reference signals, in which multiple transmission nodes that share the reference signals cannot be distinguished from each other. We evaluate the performance of our schemes with a series of simulations. In the homogeneous scenario, we compare with the case of full CSI, and in the heterogeneous scenario, we compare with joint transmission from all nodes in a cell. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Network planning for distributed antenna‐based high‐speed railway mobile communications
Authors: Wang Jin‐Yuan , Wang Jun‐Bo , Song Xiaoyu , Chen Ming , Zhang Jie 
Published: November 2012

ABSTRACTNetwork planning in wireless communication systems, which has strong impacts on the system performance, is a complex and challenging issue. This paper investigates the network planning problem under high‐speed railway communication scenarios. A system model is characterised in terms of distributed antenna technology. An optimisation problem is formulated to optimise the total system cost with transmission rate, handoff time and antenna number constraints. Because the optimisation problem is NP‐hard, a particle swarm optimisation (PSO)‐based network planning strategy is proposed to tackle it. The complexity analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed PSO‐based network planning scheme in terms of running time and memory space. Finally, the simulation results substantiate that the proposed method can consistently offer a better performance gain in comparison with the uniform network planning scheme. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Defective bile salt biosynthesis and hydroxylation in mice with reduced cytochrome P450 activity
Authors: Kunne Cindy , Acco Alexandra , Hohenester Simon , Duijst Suzanne , de Waart Dirk R. , Zamanbin Alaleh , Oude Elferink Ronald P.J. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

The difference in bile salt (BS) composition between rodents and humans is mainly caused by formation of muricholate in rodents as well as by efficient rehydroxylation of deoxycholic acid. The aim of this study was to characterize bile formation in a mouse model (

Hrn

mice) with hepatic disruption of the cytochrome p450 (CYP) oxidoreductase gene, encoding the single electron donor for all CYPs. Bile formation was studied after acute BS infusion or after feeding a BS-supplemented diet for 3 weeks. Fecal BS excretion in

Hrn

mice was severely reduced to 7.6% ± 1.8% of wild-type (WT), confirming strong reduction of (CYP-mediated) BS synthesis.

Hrn

bile contained 48% ± 18% dihydroxy BS, whereas WT bile contained only 5% ± 1% dihydroxy BS. Upon tauroursodeoxycholate infusion, biliary BS output was equal in WT versus

Hrn

, indicating that canalicular secretion capacity was normal. In contrast, taurodeoxycholic acid (TDC) infusion led to markedly impaired bile flow and BS output, suggesting onset of cholestasis. Feeding a cholate-supplemented diet (0.1%) resulted in a completely restored bile salt pool in

Hrn

mice, with 50% ± 9% TDC and 42% ± 10% taurocholic acid in bile, as opposed to 2% ± 1% and 80% ± 3% in WT mice, respectively. Under these conditions, biliary cholesterol secretion was strongly increased in

Hrn

mice, whereas serum alanine aminotransferase levels were decreased.

Conclusion

:

Hrn

mice have strongly impaired bile salt synthesis and (re)hydroxylation capacity and are more susceptible to acute TDC-induced cholestasis. In this mouse model, a more-human BS pool can be instilled by BS feeding, without hepatic damage, which makes

Hrn

mice an attractive model to study the effects of human BS.
Complexity of cancer stem cells
Authors: Sugihara Eiji , Saya Hideyuki 
Published: November 2012

AbstractHeterogeneity of tumor tissue has been accounted for in recent years by a hierarchy‐based model in which cancer stem cells (CSCs) have the ability both to self‐renew and to give rise to differentiated tumor cells and are responsible for the overall organization of a tumor. Research into CSCs has progressed rapidly and concomitantly with recent advances in the biology of normal tissue stem cells, resulting in the identification of CSCs in a wide range of human tumors. Studies of mouse models of human cancer have provided further insight into the characteristics of CSCs as well as a basis for the development of novel therapies targeted to these cells. However, recent studies have revealed complexities, such as plasticity of stem cell properties and clonal diversity of CSCs, in certain tumor types that have led to revision of the original CSC model. In this review, we summarize the history of the discovery and characterization of CSCs, as well as address recent advances that have revealed the complexity of these cells and their therapeutic implications.
Fe65 matters: New light on an old molecule
Authors: Minopoli Giuseppina , Gargiulo Anna , Parisi Silvia , Russo Tommaso 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe discovery that the main constituents of amyloid deposits, characteristic of Alzheimer neuropathology, derive from the proteolytic processing of the membrane precursor amyloid precursor protein (APP) is one of the milestones of the research history of this disease. Despite years of intense studies, the functions of APP and of its amyloidogenic processing are still under debate. One focus of these studies was the complex network of protein–protein interactions centered at the cytosolic domain of APP, which suggests the involvement of APP in a lively signaling pathway. Fe65 was the first protein to be demonstrated to interact with the APP cytodomain. Starting from this observation, a large body of data has been gathered, indicating that Fe65 is an adaptor protein, which binds numerous proteins, further than APP. Among these proteins, the crosstalk with Mena, mDab, and Abl suggested the involvement of the Fe65–APP complex in the regulation of cell motility, with a relevant role in differentiation and development. Other partners, like the histone acetyltransferase Tip60, indicated the possibility that the nuclear fraction of Fe65 could be involved in gene regulation and/or DNA repair. © 2012 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 64(12): 936–942, 2012
Real‐time interactive two‐photon photoconversion of recirculating lymphocytes for discontinuous cell tracking in live adult mice
Authors: Chtanova Tatyana , Hampton Henry R. , Waterhouse Louise A. , Wood Katherine , Tomura Michio , Miwa Yoshihiro , Mackay Charles R. , Brink Robert , Phan Tri Giang 
Published: November 2012

AbstractThe potential usefulness of intravital two‐photon microscopy for fate mapping is limited by its inability to track cells beyond the confines of the imaging volume. Therefore, we have developed and validated a novel method for in vivo photolabelling of spatially‐restricted cells expressing the Kaede optical highlighter by two‐photon excitation. This has allowed us to optically mark a cohort of follicular B cells and track their dissemination from the original imaging volume in the lymph node to the spleen and contralateral lymph node. We also present the first demonstration, to our knowledge, of in vivo photoconversion of a freely moving single cell in a live adult animal. This method of `discontinuous' cell tracking therefore significantly extends the fate mapping capabilities of two‐photon microscopy to delineate the spatiotemporal dynamics of cellular processes that span multiple anatomical sites at the single cell level. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bicarbonate Secreted From the Pancreas Contributed to the Formation of Ca Precipitates in Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica
Authors: Mekuchi Miyuki , Watanabe Soichi , Kaneko Toyoji 
Published: November 2012

AbstractMarine teleosts produce Ca precipitates in the intestine as a product of osmoregulation. Ca precipitates are formed by a chemical reaction of Mg2+ and Ca2+ derived from ingested seawater with bicarbonate (HCO3−). It has been reported that HCO3− originates from the intestine; however, the pancreas is predicted to be another organ that may supply HCO3− to the intestinal tract. In the present study, the pancreas was surgically removed from Japanese eel to confirm its contribution to Ca precipitate formation. Pancreatectomized eel produced significantly less Ca precipitates than control eel in seawater, indicating that HCO3− from the pancreas contributes substantially to the formation of Ca precipitates. To further examine the molecular mechanisms of HCO3− secretion, we cloned cDNAs encoding HCO3− transporters and identified those transporters that elevated their mRNA expression in the intestine and pancreas following seawater transfer. In the intestine, mRNA expression of Slc26a6A was increased shortly after seawater transfer, whereas Slc26a1 mRNA expression increased gradually following seawater transfer. In the pancreas, Slc26a3 mRNA expression was high during the early stage of seawater acclimation, whereas Slc26a1 expression increased gradually after transfer to seawater. In the intestine and pancreas, therefore, both transient and progressively increasing types of HCO3− transporters are likely to be involved in HCO3− secretion into the intestinal lumen in a coordinated manner. J. Exp. Zool. 319A:53–62, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mortality, morbidity, and disease severity of patients with aspiration pneumonia
Authors: Lanspa Michael J. , Jones Barbara E. , Brown Samuel M. , Dean Nathan C. 
Published: November 2012

BACKGROUNDAspiration pneumonia is a common syndrome, although less well characterized than other pneumonia syndromes. We describe a large population of patients with aspiration pneumonia.METHODSIn this retrospective population study, we queried the electronic medical records at a tertiary‐care, university‐affiliated hospital from 1996 to 2006. Patients were initially identified by International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision code 507.x; subsequent physician chart review excluded patients with aspiration pneumonitis and those without a confirmatory radiograph. Patients with community‐acquired aspiration pneumonia were compared to a contemporaneous population of community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients. We compared CURB‐65 (a clinical prediction rule based on Confusion, Uremia, Respiratory rate, Blood Pressure, and age)–predicted mortality with actual 30‐day mortality.RESULTSWe identified 628 patients with aspiration pneumonia, of which 510 were community‐acquired. Median age was 77 years, with 30‐day mortality of 21%. Compared to CAP patients, patients with community‐acquired aspiration pneumonia had more frequent inpatient admission (99% vs 58%) and intensive care unit admission (38% vs 14%), higher Charlson comorbidity index (3 vs 1), and higher prevalence of do not resuscitate/intubate orders (24% vs 11%). CURB‐65 predicted mortality poorly in aspiration pneumonia patients (area under the curve, 0.66).CONCLUSIONSPatients with community‐acquired aspiration pneumonia are older, have more comorbidities, and demonstrate higher mortality than CAP patients, even after adjustment for age and comorbidities. CURB‐65 poorly predicts mortality in this population. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2013;8:83–90. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Pressure–morphology relationship of a released carpal tunnel
Authors: Kim Dong Hee , Marquardt Tamara L. , Gabra Joseph N. , Shen Zhilei Liu , Evans Peter J. , Seitz William H. , Li Zong‐Ming 
Published: November 2012

AbstractWe investigated morphological changes of a released carpal tunnel in response to variations of carpal tunnel pressure. Pressure within the carpal tunnel is known to be elevated in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and dependent on wrist posture. Previously, increased carpal tunnel pressure was shown to affect the morphology of the carpal tunnel with an intact transverse carpal ligament (TCL). However, the pressure–morphology relationship of the carpal tunnel after release of the TCL has not been investigated. Carpal tunnel release (CTR) was performed endoscopically on cadaveric hands and the carpal tunnel pressure was dynamically increased from 10 to 120 mmHg. Simultaneously, carpal tunnel cross‐sectional images were captured by an ultrasound system, and pressure measurements were recorded by a pressure transducer. Carpal tunnel pressure significantly affected carpal arch area (p < 0.001), with an increase of >62 mm2 at 120 mmHg. Carpal arch height, length, and width also significantly changed with carpal tunnel pressure (p < 0.05). As carpal tunnel pressure increased, carpal arch height and length increased, but the carpal arch width decreased. Analyses of the pressure–morphology relationship for a released carpal tunnel revealed a nine times greater compliance than that previously reported for a carpal tunnel with an intact TCL. This change of structural properties as a result of transecting the TCL helps explain the reduction of carpal tunnel pressure and relief of symptoms for patients after CTR surgery. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 616–620, 2013
The stability of natural red/pink food colours in ultrahigh‐temperature (UHT) products
Authors: Crinó Michelle A , Heenan Claire N , Nguyen Minh H , Stathopoulos Costas E 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of this experiment was to select a pool of potential red/pink natural colour candidates and evaluate their stability during ultrahigh‐temperature (UHT) processing and subsequent storage and to compare their behaviour against the artificial colour erythrosine. It was hypothesised that heat processing and post‐treatment storage conditions would have a negative effect on the stability of the natural colourants.RESULTSAll colourants except fermented red rice showed significant colour loss post‐UHT processing (α = 0.05). Analysis of the colour parameters L*, a* and b* determined that lycopene was the least stable of the colourants and red radish the most stable under all conditions. Fermented red rice was observed to be heat‐stable after exposure to UHT processing and also remained relatively stable during storage, as was black carrot. The variation across trials and the spoilage of some samples were attributed to the fluctuations in temperature (±5 °C) observed during processing.CONCLUSIONHeat processing and post‐treatment storage conditions had a negative effect on the stability of the natural colourants. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Ochratoxin A removal by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains: effect of wine‐related physicochemical factors
Authors: Petruzzi Leonardo , Sinigaglia Milena , Corbo Maria Rosaria , Beneduce Luciano , Bevilacqua Antonio 
Published: November 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study investigated the effect of some physicochemical parameters on the removal of ochratoxin A (OTA) by yeasts.RESULTSTwo wild strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (W47 and Y28) were used to assess OTA removal under various conditions of temperature, pH, ethanol content and incubation time. All samples were analysed for OTA concentration by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, yeast oenological traits were investigated: qualitative and technological traits were assessed on appropriate laboratory media, while the main products of microfermentation (sugars, ethanol, glycerol, acetic acid) were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed OTA reduction by 36–42% in cultures containing 100 g L−1 ethanol incubated at pH 3.5 and 37 °C.CONCLUSIONOTA removal was affected by contact time, pH and ethanol content, as it was increased at low pH and by 100 g L−1 ethanol. Moreover, the phenomenon was reversible, as OTA was lowest after 4 days, then it was partially released in the medium. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry