bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Zinc supplementation on male reproductive function in night shift work model of chronic sleep deprivation
Authors: Muhammad Shihabuddeen , Salisu Ahmed Ibrahim , Tanko Yusuf 
Published: July 2024

Modernization and industrialization have changed human lifestyle with night shift work (NSW) becoming necessary part of regular working hours. NSW is invariably associated with sleep deprivation (SD). Coincidentally, there is remarkable decline in fertility rates in these modern societies, which is believed to be due to lifestyle modifications. NSW model of SD, was therefore created to study its effects on male reproductive functions and role of concomitant Zinc supplementation on those effects. Twenty four (24) male Wistar rats (aged 12- 14 weeks) were equally divided into three groups; Control, NSW and NSWZ models. NSW and NSWZ models were subjected to SD for 12 hours (07:00am – 07:00pm) using Modified Multiple Platform Method (MMPM) every day for the 56 days of the study. Each rat received either distilled water (1ml/animal/day) for Control and NSW models, or Zinc sulphates (5mg/animal/day) for NSWZ model, by gavage daily respectively. Testicular tissue Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), male reproductive hormones (FSH, LH, Testosterone and Estradiol) and Sperm parameters (sperm count, morphology and motility) were evaluated and statistically compared. Sleep deprivation in NSW model resulted in significant (p<0.05) increase in testicular tissue MDA, serum FSH and significant (p<0.05) decrease in TAC, serum Testosterone, serum Estradiol, sperm count and percentage of sperm with active progressive motility (APM) compared to the control. Concomitant Zinc supplementation significantly (p<0.05) increases testicular tissue TAC, serum Estradiol and significantly (p<0.05) decreases testicular tissue MDA and serum FSH. The NSW model of Sleep deprivation negatively affects male reproductive functions, while concomitant Zinc supplementation ameliorates some of these negative effects.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anal Incontinence at Six Weeks after Vaginal Delivery: A Cross-sectional Study at Three Teaching Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Kumasa Abdissa  , Eyasu Mesfin  , Kiflom Tesfaye  
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Anal incontinence is defined as the involuntary loss of fecal material or flatus. The reported prevalence at 6 weeks postpartum varies from 4% to 39%. It is associated with reduced quality of life, negative psychogenic effects and social stigma. This study was done to assess its prevalence at 6 weeks after vaginal delivery and identify the associated factors.
METHODS: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data was collected using questionnaire adapted from International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire on Urinary Incontinence–Short Form. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.5.
RESULT: The prevalence of anal incontinence at 6 weeks after vaginal delivery was 8.6%. The majority of the cases, 28 (84.8%), had only flatus incontinence. Participants of age group 20-35 years had significantly lower odds of having anal incontinence compared to those above age 35 (P < 0.05). The odds of having incontinence compared to spontaneous vaginal delivery was about 5 times higher for forceps (AOR= 4.93 (95%CI:1.48, 16.44)) and vacuum (AOR= 5.53 (95%CI:1.18, 25.96)) deliveries. Second stage of labor duration of >120 minutes had more than 4 times odds of developing incontinence compared to duration of <30 minutes (AOR= 4.79 (95%CI:1.01, 22.82)). Second degree perineal tear was the most significantly associated variable compared to those without tear (AOR= 12.31 (95%CI:3.89, 39.00)).
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of anal incontinence at 6 weeks after vaginal delivery was 8.6%. Maternal age, mode of delivery, duration of second stage of labor and perineal tear were the significantly associated factors.
Comparative study between phacoemulsification and small incision cataract surgery on the axial length and anterior chamber depth
Authors: Ifeanyi Okechukwu Clinton , Fortune Benjamin Obuchi , Eghosasere Iyamu 
Published: July 2024

Aim: To compare the effect of phacoemulsification and small incision cataract surgery on axial length and anterior chamber depth.
Method: An observational cohort study was conducted on 90 participants (48 females and 42 males) who were scheduled to undergo cataract surgeries at Adetula Opticals Eye Clinic, Oshodi-Isolo, Lagos State, Nigeria. The participants were divided equally into two groups to receive phacoemulsification and small incision cataract surgeries respectively, their eyes’ axial lengths and anterior chamber depths were measured before and after the respective surgical procedures. Unpaired T-test and Paired T-test were employed to analyze data, with the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 22.0).
Results: The paired T-test showed significant changes (p < 0.05) with a decrease in axial length and increased anterior chamber depth measurements before and after Phacoemulsification and small incision cataract surgery. However, the Unpaired T-test showed no significant differences when comparing changes in axial length and anterior chamber depth between the two surgical procedures (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Both procedures led to increased anterior chamber depths along with a reduction in axial lengths, nevertheless, the variations between the surgical techniques were not significant.
Factors influencing the choice of place of delivery among mothers of children less than two years in Oghara Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Awunor Nyemike S. , Okoro Abedi H. , Olise O. , Best A. , Avbunudiogba Isaac O. , Bello Aisosa Desmond A. , Chukwuma Jerry O. 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Nigeria has a high maternal mortality ratio (MMR) and a high neonatal morbidity and mortality rate. These mortalities can be ameliorated if women deliver in safe healthcare facilities manned by qualified healthcare personnel. This study assessed the factors that affect the choice of place of delivery among mothers in Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Oghara, Ethiope-West Local Government Area of Delta State. A total of 190 mothers, who delivered at term in the last two years were interviewed using structured questionnaires. Data analysis was done using SPSS v.24.
RESULTS: Most of the respondents (81%) were 25 years and above; 58.4% had a tertiary level of education. Seventy-three of them attended antenatal clinics, and Sixty-three percent of them had previously delivered in a health facility. Factors that influenced the choice of delivery were the mother’s level of education (p < 0.001), the partner’s level of education (p = 0.020), monthly household income (p = 0.016), and previous place of delivery (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Two-fifths of the women were delivered at home/traditional birth attendant home, while three-fifths were delivered at a health facility. The choice of place of delivery was influenced by the level of education of the women, the educational level of their partners, monthly household income, and previous delivery sites. It is recommended that the education of women, and further strengthening of the Delta State free maternal health care program to encourage delivery at the health facility, and the reduction of maternal mortality is imperative.
Prevalence and forms of violence against healthcare workers in the emergency department of a teaching hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Isara A. R. , Akpososo M. W. , Aigbovbiosa D. O. 
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: The incidence of workplace violence (WPV) is peculiar to both developing and developed countries, with more workers at risk in developing countries, especially in sub- Saharan Africa, due to poorly developed work environment. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and forms of violence against healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Emergency Department (ED) of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin City, Nigeria.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study of all the 282 healthcare workers in the ED of the hospital. A standardized, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Descriptive statistics were presented as frequencies and proportions.
RESULTS: The mean age of the HCWs was 36.1 ± 8.4 years, comprised of doctors 53 (18.8%), nurses 50 (17.7%), paramedics 36 (12.7%), porters 29 (10.3%), and laboratory scientist 19 (6.7%), among others. The prevalence of physical violence was 63 (22.3%) while that of psychological violence was 247 (87.6%). The predominant forms of violence were verbal abuse (99.5%), kicking (96.8%), slapping (60.3%), bullying (45.3%), threat (40.4%), and sexual harassment (32.4%). The perpetrators were mainly patient relatives, 93.6% and 96.7% for physical and psychological violence, respectively. The majority experienced post-traumatic stress disorder, and loss of job satisfaction following the violence.
CONCLUSION: This study showed a high prevalence of WPV among the healthcare workers. There is an urgent need for intervention programmes to be initiated to curb the menace of violence against healthcare workers. A surveillance system to monitor the mental health status of victims of WPV should be instituted.
Impact of educational interventions on knowledge, attitude, practice toward pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction reporting among healthcare professionals at the University Teaching Hospital, Rwanda
Authors: Uwambajimana Gashumba O. , Munyaneza E. , Twahirwa S. , Nzamukosha A. , Musengamana V. , Ryamukuru D. 
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is crucial in healthcare for detecting, understanding, and preventing adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Despite its significance, there persists underreporting of ADRs due to gaps in knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among healthcare professionals (HCPs), leading to global impacts on patient safety and healthcare costs. This study aimed to enhance the KAP regarding PV and ADR reporting among HCPs at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (CHUK), Rwanda. The study's focus was on implementing an educational intervention (EI) to address these gaps and assess its impact on HCPs' confidence in ADR monitoring and reporting, alongside the actual number of reported drug adverse events in the hospital post-EI.
METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at CHUK, Rwanda, using a one-group pretest-posttest design. The study involved 217 HCPs, assessing their KAP on PV and ADR reporting before and after an EI. A self-administered questionnaire and data on reported ADRs were used for the evaluation of the EI.
RESULTS: The EI significantly enhanced HCPs' KAP regarding PV and ADR reporting. The proportion of participants understanding the purpose of PV increased from 61.9% to 78.8% (p=0.001), while awareness of the national PV in Rwanda surged from 38.1% to 96.6% (p<0.001). Attitudes among HCPs notably improved, particularly in identifying events as serious, escalating from 59.8% to 79.5% (p < 0.001). The observed improvement in practice was solely in the availability of ADR reporting forms, rising from 58.7% to 82.2% (p < 0.001). However, no significant changes were observed in certain KAP aspects. Participants exhibited increased confidence in monitoring and reporting ADRs post-intervention. Furthermore, a significant increase in reported drug adverse events to the quality assurance office was observed (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: The study underscores the effectiveness of EI in enhancing HCPs' KAP concerning PV and ADR reporting. While improvements were evident, sustaining education initiatives remain critical for optimal ADR reporting and patient safety.
Estudio de las propiedades electrónicas y ópticas del superconductor Sm3xY3(1-x)Ba5Cu8O18 mediante el método LAPW+lo
Authors: Santillan  Gomez Tomas , Puch Ceballos Felipe , Pérez Arrieta María Leticia 
Published: July 2024

En este trabajo se presenta un cálculo de las propiedades electrónicas y ópticas, de la familia de superconductores de alta temperatura crítica (Tc > 90 K) Sm3xY3(1-x)Ba5Cu8O18 (Sm3xY3(1-x)58), para 0 < x < 1, así como las de Y1Ba2Cu3O7 (Y123) y las de Sm1Ba2Cu3O7 (Sm123), realizado utilizando el método de primeros principios LAPW+lo (por sus siglas en inglés, linearized augmented plane wave + local orbitals), dentro de la teoría DFT (density fuctional theory). La densidad de estados electrónicos (DOS, Density of States) y la conductividad óptica se calculan para cuatro estructuras cristalinas generadas al variar x (para x = 0; 1/3; 2/3; 1). El objetivo fue determinar la DOS (parcial y total) y la conductividad óptica a bajas energías. En particular el efecto de los orbitales f del Sm cerca de la energía de Fermi (Ef). Se encontró que al sustituir átomos de Sm por los de Y, la DOS total se ve afectada alrededor de Ef , debido a la contribución de los orbitales f del Sm. Cuando el sistema cuenta con dos átomos de Y y uno de Sm (Sm1Y258). el valor de la DOS total en la Ef aumenta 547 % con respecto al compuesto Y358, Cuando el sistema cuenta con 2 átomos de Sm y uno de Y (Sm2Y158), el valor de la DOS total en la Ef aumenta 1043 % con respecto al compuesto Y358. Mientras que para el caso del Sm358, aumenta 1432 %. Para el Sm123 y Sm358 la conductividad óptica presenta un pico cercano al origen. Mientras que para el Y358 no presenta ningún pico en la conductividad y presentando valores muy bajos cerca al origen. Para los casos x = 1/3 y 2/3 encontramos que la conductividad se ve modificada cerca del origen. El valor más alto ocurre para el sistema que contiene dos átomos de Sm, esto fue a 0.14 eV.
IMPACTO DEL DAÑO FOLIAR OCASIONADO POR HERBIVORÍA EN EL MANGLAR DE PIXVAE, GOLFO DE CHIRIQUÍ, PACÍFICO DE PANAMÁ.
Authors: Rodríguez Viterbo , Muñoz Elian Alexander 
Published: July 2024

Con la finalidad de determinar el daño foliar ocasionado por herbivoría en Rhizophora mangle, Pelliciera rhizophorae, Laguncularia racemosa y Avicennia germinans, en el manglar de Pixvae, se realizaron en los meses de junio, agosto y septiembre de 2022 y enero y febrero de 2023, 6 giras con 5 días de duración, en donde se establecieron 5 cuadrantes de 50 x 20 m (1, 000 m2). Los cuadrantes 2 y 3 se ubicaron paralelos a la línea de costa y los cuadrantes 1, 4 y 5 hacia la parte más interna del manglar. Los vértices de cada cuadrante fueron georreferenciados. Cada cuadrante se delimitó con un hilo de fibra sintética y se inventariaron y determinaron, taxonómicamente, las especies de mangle presentes. Para determinar el impacto del daño foliar por herbivoría, se cuantificó el porcentaje de área foliar removida en las hojas, en los distintos estratos del dosel y en cada individuo, se realizó un muestreo sistemático en los tres estratos del dosel: bajo, medio y alto. Se colectaron 3 ramas secundarias de los distintos estratos del dosel, de las cuales se eligieron al azar 50 hojas maduras por estrato, para un total de 150 hojas por individuo. Las hojas colectadas fueron fotografiadas y el porcentaje del área foliar removida, fue calculado con la aplicación BioLeaf. Las especies de mangle estudiadas presentaron diferencias significativas en los porcentajes de área foliar removida, (Kruskal-Wallis, GL=3, p=0.0001). También se encontraron, por cuadrantes, diferencias significativas en los promedios totales de área foliar removida (Kruskal-Wallis, GL=4, p=0.0001).
O Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo em publicações acadêmicas no Brasil: análise bibliométrica
Authors: Menezes Priscila Lopes , Moraes Marcos Antônio de 
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Levantar as dissertações e teses na área da Ciência da Informação (CI) que fizeram uso do método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) a fim de expressar as opiniões de um determinado grupo de sujeitos, explorando a realidade social dos investigados. O Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo associado à Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS) tem demonstrado contribuição em pesquisas descritivas de caráter social a fim de aproximar-se de uma realidade vivida pelos indivíduos, articulando representações sócio-históricas-coletivas e preocupando-se em auxiliar no processo informacional do coletivo.
Método: Utiliza o método de pesquisa bibliométrico, com abordagem quantitativa e, objetivos descritivos e exploratórios, em que se analisou os dados de 50 pesquisas, entre 36 dissertações e 14 teses, coletadas na base da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD).
Resultados: A primeira dissertação que fez uso do DSC na área da CI foi no ano de 2005, quatro pesquisadoras utilizaram o método tanto na elaboração da dissertação como na tese, sendo o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina com o número mais expressivo de 20 estudos, 15 deles orientados por Souza, F. das C. de. As comunidades mais investigadas foram os bibliotecários atuantes em bibliotecas universitárias, escolares e comunitárias.
Conclusões: O uso do método do DSC na CI tem avançado lentamente, demonstrando pouca aderência na área e uma lacuna no que diz respeito as publicações que envolvem esse domínio, apesar de constatada certa regularidade de pesquisas. A variedade de sujeitos identificados nas análises demonstrou as múltiplas possibilidades da utilização do DSC em estudos que busquem resgatar as representações sociais, envolvendo o escopo da CI.
Factor yang Mempengaruhi Kesiapsiagaan Perawat Gawat Darurat dalam Manajemen Bencana: Literatur Review
Authors: Holifatus Suaida Desi , Ida Wahyuni  , Tri Nili Sulayfiyah  , Mery Eka Yaya Fujianti  
Published: July 2024

Background: A disaster is an event that threatens human life. Disasters result in high death rates, injury rates, infrastructure damage and economic losses for communities. Support from the role of hospitals and health workers, especially nurses, is very much needed to reduce the number of victims in each disaster, especially in improving disaster preparedness. The preparedness stage includes planning the number of patients, evacuating patients to hospitals, preparing medical equipment, and preparing disaster training to carry out nursing actions. Purpose: This study aims to determine the factors that influence the preparedness of health center nurses and emergency room nurses in disaster management. Methods: We used document studies to search for journals used in the literature review. The journals used in the literature review were obtained through a database-based search for international journal scienced direct, PubMed. The researcher wrote the keywords, namely "disaster management", "emergency nursing", "disaster response", and selected full text. Results: Based on the 6 research literature, it was found that the factors that influenced preparedness included length of work, level of education, experience following disaster training, availability of facilities, and infrastructure. Conclusion: Nurses play an important role in the disaster management process, therefore, nurses should improve flood disaster preparedness management
No need for heroes: How can psychologists lead well?
Authors: Taylor Lynne 
Published: July 2024

‘Even in ordinary times people can make their leader a hero - and sometimes a scapegoat…’ (Hulks, 2020).In 2020 the clapping began, and our internal view of our personal and working worlds changed forever. As a psychologist and senior leader managing clinical services during the pandemic, it was evident that many health and social care leaders had a collective strong drive to help, protect others, and lead well. However, what was more humbling and inspiring was the compassion, dedication, care, and self-sacrifice staff displayed, in the face of real risk and unrelenting challenges. In all that collective sense of trauma and uncertainty it was not surprising that society looked for heroes.
Syiah di Mata Anak Muda: Antara Ketakutan dan Keterbukaan akan Keberagaman Agama
Authors: Myaskur Fazdad Masykur Annabil , G.A Zinnia Maulida H  , Wardhana Mahendra Kartika , Faridillah Najwa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
History, Beliefs, and Main Practices of Shia Islam, Shia Islam is a branch of the Islamic faith with followers around the world. Its origins lie in the early split of the Muslim community after the death of Prophet Muhammad, focusing on the belief that spiritual leadership should be directly inherited from the Prophet's descendants, particularly through Imam Ali and his progeny. Additionally, we discuss Shia theological principles, such as the concept of Imamah, which posits that their imams possess divine authority to interpret Islamic teachings. Worship practices and rituals are also a significant part of Shia life, including fasting, prayer, and pilgrimages to the shrines of the imams as integral components of their religious practices. This abstract also covers the debates surrounding the legitimacy of Shia beliefs and their relationship with the more dominant Sunni branch of Islam. Furthermore, we review the political and social impacts of Shia communities in countries where they are either a majority or a minority, including conflicts and tensions in modern history. In conclusion, this abstract provides a comprehensive overview of Shia Islam as one of the main branches of Islam, playing a crucial role in the history and dynamics of the contemporary Islamic world.
Keywords: Shia, Youth, Religion

Abstrak
Sejarah, keyakinan, dan praktik utama Syiah yakni sebuah cabang dari agama Islam yang memiliki pengikut diseluruh dunia. Asal-usul Syiah dari perpecahan awal umat Islam setelah wafatnya Nabi Muhammad, dengan fokus pada keyakinan bahwa kepemimpinan spiritual seharusnya diturunkan secara langsung dari keturunan Nabi, terutama melalui Imam Ali dan keturunannya. Selain itu, kami membahas prinsip-prinsip teologi Syiah, seperti konsep Imamah yang menetapkan bahwa imam-imam mereka memiliki otoritas ilahi untuk menafsirkan ajaran Islam. Praktik ibadah dan ritual juga menjadi bagian penting dari kehidupan Syiah, dengan puasa, salat, dan ziarah ke makam para imam sebagai bagian integral dari praktik keagamaan mereka. Abstrak ini juga mencakup perdebatan seputar legitimasi keyakinan Syiah, serta hubungan mereka dengan cabang Islam Sunni yang lebih dominan. Kami juga mengulas dampak politik dan sosial Syiah di negara-negara di mana mereka menjadi mayoritas atau minoritas, termasuk konflik dan ketegangan yang timbul dalam sejarah modern. Kesimpulannya, abstrak ini memberikan gambaran menyeluruh tentang Syiah sebagai salah satu cabang utama dari Islam yang memiliki peran penting dalam sejarah dan dinamika dunia Islam kontemporer.
Kata Kunci: Syiah, Anak Muda, Agama
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI TENAGA PENDIDIK DAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN PADA LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN DI MESIR
Authors: Juni Erpida Nasution  
Published: July 2024

Mesir yang terkenal dengan sebutan ardhul anbiyâ (negeri para nabi), memang telah menjadi kiblat keilmuan keislaman dunia. Di samping mempunyai segudang peradaban, negeri seribu menara ini juga merupakan gudang segala ilmu. Negara ini seakan memiliki magnet tersendiri. Terbukti, Mesir telah memikat jutaan hati para pelajar dari berbagai penjuru dunia untuk menimba ilmu di sana. Tentunya, semua ini tak lepas dari peran al-Azhar: pusat pendidikan tertua yang telah melahirkan banyak ulama dunia. Keberhasilan pendidikan memiliki hubungan erat dengan sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) yang bermutu, hal ini tentunya memberikan kontribusi bagi perkembangan sebuah negara, bahkan dunia. Lembaga pendidikan di Mesir memberikan perhatian yang lebih pada pendidikan terutama kompetensi tenaga pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan yang berkiprah di dunia pendidikan mesir.tenaga pendidikan di mesir berasal dari orang-orang yang terbaik dan dipilih untuk menjadi guru. Dengan adanya pilihan berdasarkan orang yang terbaik, hasil dari proses pembelajaran yang dilakukannya di kelas akan lebih baik.