bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brazil’s Cooperation with Sub-Saharan Africa in the Rural Sector
Authors: Milhorance de Castro Carolina 
Published: August 2014

South-South cooperation is grounded in the idea that partners from the developing world are well placed to propose solutions inspired by their own experiences. A study of the dynamics of the circulation of instruments of public policy framed in the agricultural sector between Brazil and Sub-Saharan Africa under the Lula administration (2003–2010) reveals that political entrepreneurs play a key role in the early transfer stages of this process and that a technical logic of policy transfer through South-South cooperation may pose important challenges to the later stages of reception and adaptation. A notion of complementarity between agribusiness and family farming that reflects recent governmental discourse has been influential in the formulation of initiatives. A cooperação sul-com-sul se baseia na ideia de que os parceiros do mesmo mundo se situam bem para propor soluções inspiradas pela sua própria experiência. Um estudo da dinâmica de como se difundam os instrumentos das políticas públicas adotadas no setor agrícola entre o Brasil e os paises da África sub-saariana dos tempos da administraçõ do Presidente Lula (2003–2010) revela que os empresários públicas tiveram um papel chave nas etapas iniciais deste processo e que uma lógica técnica da transferència das políticas para tal cooperação sul-com-sul pode apresentar desafios importantes às etapas subsequentes da recepção e adaptação. Uma noção de que pode existir uma complementaridade entre os agronegócios e a agricultura familial—algo que se nota atualmente no discurso governamental—estaba influencial em formular os iniciativos.
Confidence in Brazilian Unions
Authors: Frangi Lorenzo , Memoli Vincenzo 
Published: August 2014

Although unions in Brazil are marginally effective in defining the employer-employee relationship, confidence in unions is high and exhibits a positive trend over time. A logistic regression model based on the Latinobarometer data series (1996–2009) empirically verifies that unions’ state embeddedness really does matter in explaining confidence in unions in Brazil (i.e., confidence in government, especially during the Lula presidency, has a significant positive effect). Moreover, people who have a negative perception of their personal economic situations and are less trustful of others are more inclined to have confidence in unions. Não obstante o efeito bem limitado e marginal dos sindicatos na determinação das relações entre o patrão e o empregado, se mantem alto a confiança nos sindiatos e essa confiança mostra uma tendência positiva no decorrer do tempo. Um modelo de regressão logística baseado no série de dados Latinobarómetro (1996–2009) verifica empiricalmente que a integração dos sindicatos no Estado importa para explicar essa confiança neles, dado que a confiança no governo, sobretudo durante a presidência do Lula, tem tido um efeito positivo. Além disso, as pessoas cuja percepção da sua situação econômica pessoal seja negativa e que tenha menos confiança nos outros inclinam mais para confiar nos sindicatos.
Military Ties between France and Brazil during the Cold War, 1959–1975
Authors: Martins Filho João Roberto 
Published: August 2014

An aspect of analyses of the Latin American military dictatorships that has so far been little recognized is the influence of the French concept of the guerre révolutionnaire (revolutionary war) developed by that country’s colonial army when engaged in Algeria in the 1950s. Evidence of this influence contradicts the view that U.S. doctrine was the main ideological factor affecting the military leaders of Brazil, Chile, and Argentina in the 1960s and 1970s. Há um aspeto, até agora pouco reconhecido, das análises das ditaduras militares do Cono Sul do século XX, é a influência do conceito francês da guerre révolutionnaire (guerra revolucionária), desenvolvido pelo exército colonial desse país na época da luta algeriana de independência. A evidência de tal influência contradiz a concepção da doutrina estadunidense ser o fator ideológico principal compartilhado pelos chefes militares brasileiros, chilenos e argentinos das décadas de 1960 e 1970.
A regularity criterion for the Cahn-Hilliard-Boussinesq system with zero viscosity
Authors: Ma Caochuan , Alzahrani Faris Saeed , Hayat Tasawar , Zhou Yong 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
This paper studies a coupled Cahn-Hilliard-Boussinesq system with zero viscosity. We prove a regularity criterion in terms of vorticity in the homogeneous Besov space

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0

.

MSC:35Q30, 76D03, 76D05, 76D07.
Treatment effects in multiple cognitive domains in Alzheimer’s disease: a two-year cohort study
Authors: Behl Pearl , Edwards Jodi D , Kiss Alexander , Lanctot Krista L , Streiner David L , Black Sandra E , Stuss Donald T 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Introduction
Despite widespread use of second-generation cholinesterase inhibitors for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), little is known about the long term effects of cholinergic treatment on global cognitive function and potential specific effects in different cognitive domains. The objectives of this study were to determine the association between cholinergic treatment and global cognitive function over one and two years in a cohort of patients with mild or moderate AD and identify potential differences in domain-specific cognitive outcomes within this cohort.

Methods
A cohort of patients meeting the revised National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) criteria for mild or moderate AD, including patients both on treatment with a cholinesterase inhibitor and untreated controls (treated = 65, untreated = 65), were recruited from the Cognitive Neurology Clinic at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, as part of the Sunnybrook Dementia Study. Patients were followed for one to two years and underwent standardized neuropsychological assessments to evaluate global and domain-specific cognitive function. Associations between cholinesterase inhibitor use and global and domain-specific cognitive outcome measures at one and two years of follow-up were estimated using mixed model linear regression, adjusting for age, education, and baseline mini mental state examination (MMSE).

Results
At one year, treated patients showed significantly less decline in global cognitive function, and treatment and time effects across tests of executive and visuospatial function. At two years, there was a significant trend towards less decline in global cognition for treated patients. Moreover, treated patients showed significant treatment and time effects across tests of executive functioning, memory, and visuospatial function.

Conclusions
The present study offers two important contributions to knowledge of the effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitor treatment in patients with mild-moderate AD: 1) that second-generation cholinesterase inhibitors demonstrate long-term effectiveness for reducing global cognitive decline over one to two years of follow-up, and 2) that decline in function for cognitive domains, including executive function, memory, and visuospatial skill that are primarily mediated by frontal networks and by the cholinergic system, rather than memory, may be slowed by treatment targeting the cholinergic system.
Electrochemical Performance of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 by Sol-gel Self-combustion Reaction Method in Different Kinds of Electrolyte for High-voltage Rechargeable Lithium Cells
Authors: Liang Xinghua , Shi Lin , Liu Yusi , Zeng Shuaibo , Ye Chaochao 
Published: August 2014

AbstractLiNi
Finite Element Simulations on Erosion and Crack Propagation in Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Ma Z. S. , Fu L. H. , Yang L. , Zhou Y. C. , Lu C. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractErosion of thermal barrier coatings occurs when atmospheric or carbon particles from the combustion chamber are ingested into aviation turbine engines. To understand the influence of erosion on the service life of thermal barrier coatings, we introduce the erosion and crack propagation models, and then by using finite element simulations, determine the relationship between the penetrating depth, the maximum principle stress and impingement variables such as velocity and angle. It is shown that cracks nucleate and extend during the erosion process and the length of a crack increases with the increase of the particle velocity and impact angle.
Impact of layup rate on the quality of fiber steering/cut-restart in automated fiber placement processes
Authors: Chen Jihua , Chen-Keat Teresa , Hojjati Mehdi , Vallee AJ , Octeau Marc-Andre , Yousefpour Ali 
Published: August 2014

AbstractDeveloping reliable processes is one of the key elements in producing high-quality composite components using an automated fiber placement (AFP) process. In this study, both simulation and experimental studies were carried out to investigate fiber steering and cut/restart under different processing parameters, such as layup rate and compaction pressure, during the AFP process. First, fiber paths were designed using curved fiber axes with different radii. Fiber placement trials were then conducted to investigate the quality of the steered fiber paths. Furthermore, a series of sinusoidal fiber paths were fiber placed and investigated. Moreover, a six-ply laminate with cut-outs in it was manufactured in the cut/restart trials. The accuracy of the fiber cut/restart was compared at different layup rates for both one- and bi-directional layups. Experimental results show that it was possible to layup steered fiber paths with small radii of curvature (minimum 114 mm) designed for this study when the proper process condition was used. It was observed from the cut/restart trials that the quality of tow cut was independent of layup speed; however, the accuracy of tow restart was related to the layup speed. The faster the layup speed, the less accurate was the tow restart.
Competing Risks of Cancer Mortality and Cardiovascular Events in Individuals with Multimorbidity
Authors: Bayliss Elizabeth A. , Reifler Liza M. , Zeng Chan , McQuillan Deanna B. , Ellis Jennifer L. , Steiner John F. 
Published: August 2014

Background Cancer patients with cardiovascular and other comorbidities are at concurrent risk of multiple adverse outcomes. However, most treatment decisions are guided by evidence from single-outcome models, which may be misleading for multimorbid patients. Objective We assessed the interacting effects of cancer, cardiovascular, and other morbidity burdens on the competing outcomes of cancer mortality, serious cardiovascular events, and other-cause mortality. Design We analyzed a cohort of 6,500 adults with initial cancer diagnosis between 2001 and 2008, SEER 5-year survival ≥26%, and a range of cardiovascular risk factors. We estimated the cumulative incidence of cancer mortality, a serious cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, or cardiovascular mortality), and other-cause mortality over 5 years, and identified factors associated with the competing risks of each outcome using cause-specific Cox proportional hazard models. Results Following cancer diagnosis, there were 996 (15.3%) cancer deaths, 328 (5.1%) serious cardiovascular events, and 542 (8.3%) deaths from other causes. In all, 4,634 (71.3%) cohort members had none of these outcomes. Although cancer prognosis had the greatest effect, cardiovascular and other morbidity also independently increased the hazard of each outcome. The effect of cancer prognosis on outcome was greatest in year 1, and the effect of other morbidity was greater in individuals with better cancer prognoses. Conclusion In multimorbid oncology populations, comorbidities interact to affect the competing risk of different outcomes. Quantifying these risks may provide persons with cancer plus cardiovascular and other comorbidities more accurate information for shared decision-making than risks calculated from single-outcome models.
Resolution of Genetic Map Expansion Caused by Excess Heterozygosity in Plant Recombinant Inbred Populations
Authors: Truong Sandra K , McCormick Ryan F , Morishige Daryl T , Mullet John E 
Published: August 2014

AbstractRecombinant inbred populations of many plant species exhibit more heterozygosity than expected under the Mendelian model of segregation. This segregation distortion causes the overestimation of recombination frequencies and consequent genetic map expansion. Here we build upon existing genetic models of differential zygotic viability to model a heterozygote fitness term and calculate expected genotypic proportions in recombinant inbred populations propagated by selfing. We implement this model using the existing open-source genetic map construction code base for R/qtl to estimate recombination fractions. Finally, we show that accounting for excess heterozygosity in a sorghum recombinant inbred mapping population shrinks the genetic map by 213 cM (a 13% decrease corresponding to 4.26 fewer recombinations per meiosis). More accurate estimates of linkage benefit linkage-based analyses used in the identification and utilization of causal genetic variation.
Performance of the Cas9 Nickase System inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Ren Xingjie , Yang Zhihao , Mao Decai , Chang Zai , Qiao Huan-Huan , Wang Xia , Sun Jin , Hu Qun , Cui Yan , Liu Lu-Ping , Ji Jun-Yuan , Xu Jiang , Ni Jian-Quan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractRecent studies of the Cas9/sgRNA system in Drosophila melanogaster genome editing have opened new opportunities to generate site-specific mutant collections in a high-throughput manner. However, off-target effects of the system are still a major concern when analyzing mutant phenotypes. Mutations converting Cas9 to a DNA nickase have great potential for reducing off-target effects in vitro. Here, we demonstrated that injection of two plasmids encoding neighboring offset sgRNAs into transgenic Cas9D10A nickase flies efficiently produces heritable indel mutants. We then determined the effective distance between the two sgRNA targets and their orientations that affected the ability of the sgRNA pairs to generate mutations when expressed in the transgenic nickase flies. Interestingly, Cas9 nickase greatly reduces the ability to generate mutants with one sgRNA, suggesting that the application of Cas9 nickase and sgRNA pairs can almost avoid off-target effects when generating indel mutants. Finally, a defined piwi mutant allele is generated with this system through homology-directed repair. However, Cas9D10A is not as effective as Cas9 in replacing the entire coding sequence of piwi with two sgRNAs.
Homological Planes in the Grothendieck Ring of Varieties
Authors: Sebag Julien 
Published: August 2014

AbstractIn this note we identify the classes of Q-homological planes in the Grothendieck group of complex varieties K0(VarC). Precisely, we prove that a connected, smooth, affine, complex, algebraic surface X is a Q-homological plane if and only if [X] = in the ring K0(VarC) and Pic(X)Q := Pic(X) ⊗z Q = 0.
RESTRIÇÕES E IMPACTOS DA LEGISLAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NO MUNICÍPIO DE GUARAQUEÇABA, PR
Authors: Rochadelli Roberto , Silva Ivan Crespo , Kasseboehmer Ana Lívia , Schneider Alessandro Vinicios , Hosokawa Roberto Tuyoshy 
Published: August 2014

O município de Guaraqueçaba, localizado no litoral norte do estado do Paraná, possui aspectos de notável relevância ambiental no contexto brasileiro, especialmente por apresentar uma considerável quantidade de unidades de conservação (UC’s), cujo objetivo é proteger o terceiro mais importante complexo lagunar-estuarino do mundo e sua vasta cobertura de Floresta Atlântica, com elevada biodiversidade. Por outro lado, a região abriga comunidades tradicionais caiçaras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi, a partir de três anos de observação e tomada de dados das comunidades locais, diagnosticar e analisar os diferentes impactos decorrentes das restrições geradas pelas unidades de conservação, tomando-se a Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) de Guaraqueçaba como centro de análise, bem como outros instrumentos legais de conservação atuantes nos municípios. Foram identificados impactos sociais, culturais e econômicos sobre a população, decorrentes dos instrumentos legais existentes, principalmente a APA de Guaraqueçaba e o Parque Nacional do Superagui. Os instrumentos restritivos da legislação ambiental, juntamente com as UCs existentes, criaram instabilidade entre os munícipes e forjaram conflitos ambientais, sendo desfavoráveis à melhoria da qualidade de vida da população local. A desconsideração do contexto local, na forma de saberes, condições sociais e econômicas, cultura, tradições e perspectivas, contribuiu para o agravamento dos conflitos identificados. AbstractEnvironmental law restrictions and impacts in Guaraqueçaba, PR. Guaraqueçaba city, located in the north coast of Paraná State, presents remarkable and relevant environmental issues, especially by aiming to protect one of the most important sea ecosystems of the world and its vast coverage of Atlantic Forest. On the other hand, the region shelters traditional communities. This research aimed to identify and analyze different recurrent impacts of the restrictions generated by the protected areas, having a Protected Area (APA) of Guaraqueçaba as the center of analysis, as well as the other conservation legal instruments in the city, considering its emblematic situation. It identified social, cultural and economic impacts on the Guaraqueçaba population caused by legal instruments, particularly the Guaraqueçaba APA and the Superagüi National Park. As one of the conclusions of the research is that restrictive law instruments and the existence of CU’s have created instability among the townspeople and had forged environmental conflicts, not favorable to the improvement of quality life of the local population. The disrespect in relation to the local context, as local knowledge, social and economic conditions, culture, traditions and its perspectives, has also contributed for the conflicts aggravation.Keywords: Conservancy units; environmental protection areas.
EFEITOS DE DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS NA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Sebastiania commersoniana
Authors: Boene Horácia Celina Armando Mula , Nogueira Antonio Carlos , Sousa Nilton José , Kratz Dagma , Souza Paulo Vitor Dutra de 
Published: August 2014

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade técnica da utilização de diferentes substratos para a produção de mudas de Sebastiania commersoniana e relacionar suas características físicas e químicas com a qualidade das mudas produzidas. Para tanto, foram formulados 22 substratos, os quais tiveram suas propriedades físicas e químicas avaliadas, sendo a semeadura realizada em tubetes de 120 cm³, acondicionados em casa de sombra, com irrigação controlada. Para a análise dos resultados, foram feitas avaliações de altura, diâmetro de colo, biomassa seca aérea e radicial, facilidade de retirada do tubete, agregação das raízes ao substrato, índice de qualidade de Dickson e relação altura e diâmetro de colo aos 180 dias. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, conclui-se que o melhor substrato testado foi o substrato comercial à base de casca de pinus. Os componentes renováveis, casca de arroz carbonizada, fibra de coco e substrato comercial à base de casca de pinus, apresentaram-se viáveis tecnicamente para produção de mudas de branquilho, enquanto que a casca de arroz carbonizada pura e vermiculita fina não apresentaram viabilidade. No que se refere às propriedades dos substratos, apenas a densidade aparente, pH, Ca e P apresentaram correlação com as variáveis biométricas das mudas. AbstractEffects of different substrates in production of Sebastiania commersoniana seedling. The aim of this research was to evaluate technical feasibility of using different substrates for production of seedlings of Sebastiania commersoniana and relate physical and chemical characteristics to the quality of the produced seedlings. In order to that, 22 substrates were formulated, with their physical and chemical properties evaluated, sowed in tubes of 120 cc, and put in shade, under controlled irrigation. For the results analysis, it evaluated height, stem diameter, air and radicial biomass, ease of removability, root aggregation to the substrate, Dickson quality index, and relation of height and diameter at 180 days. According to the obtained results, the best substrate tested was the commercial pine bark based substrate. The renewable components, carbonized rice hulls, coconut fiber, and commercial pine bark based substrate presented technical feasibility to produce Sebastiania commersoniana seedlings, on the other hand pure carbonized rice hulls and fine vermiculite did not. Towards the properties of the substrates, only bulk density, pH, Ca, and P correlated with biometric variables of the seedlings.Keywords: Branquilho; carbonized rice hulls; coconut fiber; pine bark; forest nursery.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE Eucalyptus grandis UTILIZANDO PARÂMETROS MORFOLÓGICOS
Authors: Eloy Elder , Caron Braulio Otomar , Schmidt Denise , Behling Alexandre , Schwers Luciano , Elli Elvis Felipe 
Published: August 2014

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o índice de qualidade Dickson (IQD) e a sua relação com as variáveis morfológicas em mudas de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden produzidas em diferentes tratamentos. O experimento foi conduzido no viveiro agronômico do Centro de Educação Superior Norte do Rio Grande do Sul (CESNORS), em delineamento experimental de blocos completamente casualizados. Foram testados quatro tratamentos, que envolveram dois volumes de tubetes (50 e 90 cm³) e dois níveis de densidade de plantas na bandeja. Avaliaram-se altura da parte aérea, diâmetro do colo, massa seca de folhas, massa seca do caule, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca de raiz, massa seca total (MST), área foliar (AF) e IQD. O tamanho do tubete e a densidade das mudas na bandeja influenciam significativamente no crescimento das mudas ao longo do tempo, limitando o volume de substrato explorável e gerando competição por espaço pelas plantas. Todas as variáveis avaliadas se correlacionaram significativamente, sendo que o IQD demonstrou ter alto índice com a MST. Os tratamentos com recipiente de volume 90 cm³ foram os que apresentaram os melhores IQD, resultando em mudas de boa qualidade, capazes de suportar as condições adversas do campo. AbstractQuality assessment of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings using morphological parameters. The present work had as objective determines the index of Dickson's quality (IDQ) and its relation to the morphologic variables in Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden seedlings produced in different treatments. The experiment was driven in the agronomic nursery of the Center of Superior Education North of Rio Grande do Sul (CESNORS), in experimental design of randomized complete block. Four treatments were tested, that involved two volumes sizes (50 and 90 cm³) and two levels of density of plants in the tray. It evaluated height of the aerial part, diameter of the lap, mass dries of leaves, mass dries of the stem, mass dries of the aerial part, mass dries of root, mass total drought (MST), foliar area (AF) and the index of Dickson's quality (IDQ). The size of the containers and the density of the seedlings in the tray had significant influence in growth of the seedlings along the time, putting limits to the volume of exploitable substratum and generating competition for space by the plants. All the appraised variables correlated significantly and IDQ revealed high index with MST. The treatments with container of volume 90 cm³ were the ones that presented the best IQD, resulting in seedlings of good quality capable to support the adverse conditions of the field.Keywords: Eucalyptus; containers; density of seedlings; index of Dickson quality.