bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uji Aktivitas Antihiperlipidemia Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Jambu Air (Syzygium aqueum) terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total pada Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar
Authors: Setianingsih Siti , Sumantri Sumantri , ‘Afiah Noni Faridatul 
Published: July 2024

Ekstrak etil asetat daun jambu air berpotensi sebagai anti hiperlipidemia dengan kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu flavonoid dan alkaloid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa dari ekstrak etil asetat daun jambu air (EEADJA), serta aktivitas antihiperlipidemia pada tikus hiperlipidemia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan randomized matched pre-test and post-test control group design. Tikus hiperlipidemia dibuat dengan pemberian PTU 12,5 mg/kgBB/hari peroral selama 14 hari. Tikus hiperlipidemia dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok dengan masing-masing 5 ekor tikus yaitu kelompok I (kontrol negatif) CMC-Na 0,5%, kelompok II (kontrol positif) simvastatin 0,18 mg/kgBB/hari, kelompok III, IV dan V diberikan EEADJA (100, 200, dan 400) mg/kgBB/hari selama 14 hari secara oral. Perbedaan data kadar kolesterol total sebelum dan setelah perlakuan diuji secara statistik dengan uji efek antihiperlipiemia menggunakan uji paired t-test dan uji One Way Anova untuk mengetahui perbedaan penurunan kadar kolesterol total dengan berbagai variasi dosis. EEADJA dengan variasi dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kgBB/hari berpontesi menurunkan kadar kolesterol total dalam darah tikus yang mengalami hiperlipidemia.
PANORAMA CLÍNICO- EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS CASOS DE ZIKA VÍRUS NO MARANHÃO:ANÁLISE DOS ANOS DE 2018 A 2023
Authors: Cavalcante Carvalho Clara Vitória , Reis Lima Andressa Bianca , Do Nascimento Moraes Rego Juliana , Falcão Batista Bárbara Richelle , Almeida da Silva Stefhany Beatriz , Vasconcelos Assis Sarah , Sousa Belfort Ferreira Bianca , Maia Semen Ana Clara , Cruz Lima Laura Lindalva , Araújo Coelho Rafael , Ribeiro Campelo Maria Eduarda , Do Nascimento Silva Bezerra Samira Eleonora , Brito Martins Paulo Victor , Prates Malik Pinheiro , Costa Laura Gonçalves , Silva Teynan Antonio Nunes da , Carlos Pâmella de Oliveira 
Published: July 2024

As arboviroses são doenças endêmicas e constituem um grande desafio para saúde pública. Dentre as arboviroses, tem-se o zika vírus, que pode ser transmitido pela picada do mosquito Aedes Aegypti e também por via placentária.O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os casos de zika vírus, no estado do Maranhão, entre os anos de 2018 e 2023. A amostra avaliada trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo e quantitativo, com base em dados secundários disponibilizados através do Sistema de Notificação de Agravos (SINAN), no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). O estudo avaliou os casos notificados de Zika vírus na população maranhense, entre 2018 e 2023. O total de casos confirmados de zika vírus, no Maranhão, entre 2018 e 2023, foi de 5831.O município de São Luís foi aquele que apresentou maiores números de casos (n=2573). A faixa etária com maior frequência de casos de ZIKV foi a de 20 a 39 anos, correspondendo a um percentual de 28,62% (n=1668) dos casos. Os indivíduos, em sua maioria, apresentavam ensino médio completo, correspondendo a 29,70%. A cor/ raça mais frequente, na amostra analisada, foi a parda correspondendo a 77,06% (n=4462) dos casos. A amostra foi composta majoritariamente por indivíduos do sexo feminino (57,16% ). A maioria dos casos recebeu confirmação laboratorial (75,66%), com evolução para cura (80,64%) (n=4702) e sem a presença de gravidez, (93,16%). Diante do exposto pode-se inferir que o desenvolvimento de mais estudos acerca da prevalência do ZIKV na população maranhense é extremamente relevante para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de controle de vetores.
ANESTESIA E MANEJO DA DOR EM CIRURGIAS BARIÁTRICAS
Authors: Godinho Elis Miranda Mau , Santana Ana Beatriz Tavares , Muniz Thayná Campagnolo , Irrazabal Leandro Aparecido , Gonçalves Bruno Marinho , Miranda Neldy Gollub Gomes , Margon Otávio , Davanço Rafaella Luizetto , Bandeira Thiago Maio , Santos Mariana Alves Vasconcelos dos , Duarte Aline Cristina da Silva , Ripari Vitória Alagia , Paula Murilo Rezende , Coscia Bárbara Cirilo de Sá 
Published: July 2024

O manejo adequado da anestesia e da dor em cirurgias bariátricas é fundamental para o sucesso do procedimento e o bem-estar do paciente. Estas cirurgias, destinadas ao tratamento da obesidade mórbida, apresentam desafios específicos devido às características dos pacientes, que frequentemente possuem comorbidades associadas. Portanto, uma abordagem anestésica cuidadosa e uma estratégia eficaz de controle da dor são essenciais para minimizar riscos intraoperatórios e complicações pós-operatórias, promover uma recuperação mais rápida e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Objetivo: Identificar as melhores práticas anestésicas e de controle da dor para melhorar a segurança, eficácia e resultados clínicos em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias bariátricas. Metodologia: Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Cochrane, Scielo e Medline, buscando artigos publicados entre os anos de 2018 e 2024, nos idiomas Português ou Inglês. Considerações Finais: O manejo da anestesia e da dor em cirurgias bariátricas é vital para a segurança e o conforto dos pacientes. Portanto, a combinação de anestesia geral com bloqueios regionais pode diminuir os riscos respiratórios e cardiovasculares. Além disso, um controle eficiente da dor pós-operatória, através do uso combinado de analgésicos opioides e não opioides, acelera a recuperação e reduz complicações. Assim, personalizar essas abordagens de acordo com as características individuais dos pacientes é crucial para otimizar os resultados e melhorar a qualidade de vida no pós-operatório.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN MELALUI KINERJA KEUANGAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING
Authors: Septiani Karina Widya 
Published: July 2024

This study aims to test and analyze the effect ROA, ROE and EPS on banking company value with company financial performance as an intervening variable. The unit of analysis in this study is a banking stocks listed on the LQ45 index in 2018-2022 as many as 5 companies. Samples were taken using purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out using the SmartPLS version 3.0 program and data collection through secondary data. Based on the results of data analysis, it is known that ROA significantly has a positive effect on financial performance. ROA has a negative effect on firm value. ROE has a positive effect on financial performance. ROE significantly has a negative effect on firm value EPS has a negative effect on financial performance. EPS significantly has a negative effect on firm value. Financial performance significantly has a positive effect on firm value. Financial performance mediates the effect of ROA on firm value positively and significantly. Financial performance mediates the effect of ROE on firm value positively. Financial performance mediates the effect of EPS on firm value negatively.
Prevalence and Outcomes of Cognitive Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yixiong , Xia Haozhi , Jiang Xing , Wang Qiuling , Hou Lili 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
To systematically review the available evidence regarding the prevalence and outcomes of cognitive frailty—a clinical syndrome characterized by the combination of physical frailty and cognitive impairment, without dementia—in community-dwelling older adults.

Method:
The following databases were searched: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ProQuest, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBMdisc (inception to October 2, 2023).

Results:

Twenty-four studies were included (
N
= 62,169) reporting a median prevalence of cognitive frailty among community-dwelling older adults of 12.2%. Frailty with cognitive impairment was independently associated with increased all-cause mortality (adjusted 8-year hazard ratio [HR] = 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] [2.05, 3.30]). There was evidence of increased risk of 3-year mortality for frailty (adjusted HR = 1.92, 95% CI [1.26, 2.93]) and prefrailty (adjusted HR = 1.79, 95% CI [1.33, 2.41]) with cognitive impairment. There was also evidence of increased risk of dementia for frailty (adjusted 24-month HR = 6.19, 95% CI [2.74, 13.99]; adjusted 4-year HR = 4.98, 95% CI [2.17, 11.41]) and prefrailty (adjusted 4-year HR = 5.21, 95% CI [2.95, 9.20]; adjusted 5-year HR = 14.5, 95% CI [1.68, 125.1]) with cognitive impairment. Activities of daily living (ADL) dependence was more frequent in individuals with cognitive impairment and frailty (adjusted 4-year odds ratio = 5.6, 95% CI [2.13, 14.72]).

Conclusion:

Of community-dwelling older adults, 12.2% have cognitive frailty as well as increased risk of all-cause mortality, dementia, and ADL dependence. Further studies on prevention and treatment of cognitive frailty is warranted. Health care providers should formulate specific interventions to decrease the impact of cognitive frailty. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 17
(4), 202–212.]
A Longitudinal Study on the Relationship Between Family Size and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: The Masking Effect of Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Gu Shiping , Du Xinnan , Li Sangsang , Han Dan , Wu Yunyi , Zhao Jie , Zhang Mei , Wang Jing 
Published: July 2024

Purpose:
According to use and disuse theory, the decreasing size of families in China may have a considerable influence on older adults' health. However, research on the associations among family size, depression, and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in this population is limited. Thus, the current study examined the role of depression on the impact of family size on IADL and explored the differences between urban and rural areas.

Method:
Mediation analyses were performed with data from 7,290 older adults aged ≥60 years from the Harmonized China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018, using stepwise regression and bootstrap methods.

Results:

Family size had a positive impact on IADL limitations of older adults (0.29,
p
< 0.01), and the masking effects of depressive symptoms had a partial effect of family size on older adults' IADL. However, these effects only exist in rural areas.

Conclusion:

Providing emotional support through psychological counseling and guiding caregivers to provide moderate care support is crucial, particularly in rural areas, for alleviating depressive symptoms due to changes in family size and maintaining independent living skills among older adults. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 17
(4), 165–175.]
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation in Pulmonary Alveolar Epithelial Cells Limits Inflammation and Preserves Lung Epithelial Cell Integrity
Authors: Zimmerman Elizabeth , Sturrock Anne , Reilly Christopher A , Burrell-Gerbers Katherine L , Warren Kristi , Mir-Kasimov Mustafa , Zhang Mingyang A , Pierce Megan S , Helms My N , Paine Robert 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a receptor/transcription factor widely expressed in the lung. The physiological roles of AHR expressed in the alveolar epithelium remain unclear. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that alveolar epithelial AHR activity plays an important role in modulating inflammatory responses and maintaining alveolar integrity during lung injury and repair. AHR is expressed in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and is active. AHR activation with the endogenous AHR ligand, FICZ (5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b] carbazole-6-carboxaldehyde), significantly suppressed inflammatory cytokine expression in response to inflammatory stimuli in primary murine AECs and in the MLE-15 epithelial cell line. In an LPS model of acute lung injury in mice, coadministration of FICZ with LPS suppressed protein leak, reduced neutrophil accumulation in BAL fluid, and suppressed inflammatory cytokine expression in lung tissue and BAL fluid. Relevant to healing following inflammatory injury, AHR activation suppressed TGF-β–induced expression of genes associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Knockdown of AHR in primary AECs with shRNA or in CRISPR-Cas-9–induced MLE-15 cells resulted in upregulation of α-smooth muscle actin (αSma), Col1a1, and Fn1 and reduced expression of epithelial genes Col4a1 and Sdc1. MLE-15 clones lacking AHR demonstrated accelerated wound closure in a scratch model. AHR activation with FICZ enhanced barrier function (transepithelial electrical resistance) in primary murine AECs and limited decline of transepithelial electrical resistance following inflammatory injury. AHR activation in AECs preserves alveolar integrity by modulating inflammatory cytokine expression while enhancing barrier function and limiting stress-induced expression of mesenchymal genes.
On finite time Type I singularities of the Kähler–Ricci flow on compact Kähler surfaces
Authors: Cifarelli Charles , Conlon Ronan J. , Deruelle Alix 
Published: July 2024

We show that the underlying complex manifold of a complete non-compact two-dimen­sional shrinking gradient Kähler–Ricci soliton

(M,g,X)

with soliton metric

g

with bounded scalar curvature

\operatorname{R}_{g}

whose soliton vector field

X

has an integral curve along which

\operatorname{R}_{g}\not\to0

is biholomorphic to either

\mathbb{C}\times\mathbb{P}^{1}

or to the blowup of this manifold at one point, and that the soliton metric

g

is toric. We also identify the corresponding soliton vector field

X

in each case. Given these possibilities, we then prove a strong form of the Feldman–Ilmanen–Knopf conjecture for finite time Type I singularities of the Kähler–Ricci flow on compact Kähler surfaces, leading to a classification of the bubbles of such singularities in this dimension.
Catastrophic Health Expenditure and Impoverishment from Non- Communicable Diseases: A comparison of Private and Public Health Facilities in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Ipinnimo Tope Michael , Durowade Kabir Adekunle 
Published: July 2024

Background: Catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment are the outcomes of poor financing mechanisms. Little is known about the prevalence and predictors of these outcomes among non-communicable disease patients in private and public health facilities.
Methods: A health facility-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 360 patients with non-communicable diseases (180 per group) selected through multistage sampling. Data were collected with a semi-structured, intervieweradministered questionnaire and analyzed with IBM SPSS for Windows, Version 22.0. Two prevalences of catastrophic health expenditure were calculated utilizing both the World Bank (CHE1) and the WHO (CHE2) methodological thresholds.
Results: The prevalence of CHE1 (Private:42.2%, Public:21.7%, p<0.001) and CHE2 (Private:46.8%, Public:28.0%, p<0.001) were higher in private health facilities. However, there was no significant difference between the proportion of impoverishment (Private:24.3%, Public:30.9%, p=0.170). The identified predictors were occupation, number of complications and clinic visits for catastrophic health expenditure and socioeconomic status for impoverishment in private health facilities. Level of education, occupation, socioeconomic status, number of complications and alcohol predicted catastrophic health expenditure while the level of education, socioeconomic status and the number of admissions predicted impoverishment in public health facilities.
Conclusion: Catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment were high among the patients, with the former more prevalent in private health facilities. Therefore, we recommend expanding the coverage and scope of national health insurance among these patients to provide them with financial risk protection. Identified predictors should be taken into account by the government and other stakeholders when designing policies to limit catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment among them.
Blood Pressure Control among Adults with Hypertension at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia
Authors: Binyam Barega  , Lissane Seifu  , Addisu Melkie  , Sintayehu Abebe  , Melaku Taye  
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Uncontrolled hypertension is a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of several effective blood pressure lowering drugs, hypertension control rates remain poor globally. This study aimed to define the level of blood pressure control and to determine the factors associated with poor hypertension control.
METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2019 at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital among randomly selected 369 patients with hypertension. Data were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to identify determinants of blood pressure control.
RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of the study participants was 55.5 (13.2) years; 188 (50.9%) were males and 28 (7.6%) were active smokers. More than half of the patients (56.0%) were overweight or obese. The most commonly identified comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (48.0%), dyslipidemia (50.9%), and chronic kidney disease (56.1%). The mean (SD) systolic blood pressure was 140.6 (22) mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure was 85.8 (14) mmHg. About two-thirds of the patients (60.2%) had uncontrolled blood pressure. The factors associated with poor blood pressure control with an AOR (95% CI) were increasing age: 1.05 (1.00-1.11), increasing household income: 1.25 (1.04-1.49), being physically inactive: 7.64 (1.14-51.13), chronic kidney disease: 5.36 (1.14-5.16), and use of home blood pressure monitoring: 0.31 (0.102-0.94).
CONCLUSION: The rate of blood pressure control in patients with hypertension was suboptimal. Age, household income, level of physical activity, chronic kidney disease, and use of home blood pressure monitoring were independent predictors of blood pressure control. It is important to optimize the treatment of hypertension in this high-risk group by implementing effective strategies.
The Effect of a Decade Implemented Project in Improving the Uptake of Comprehensive Contraception: Difference-In-Difference Analysis
Authors: Addisalem Titiyos  , Jemal Kassaw  , Kathryn A. O’Connell  
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Promotion and use of family planning in countries with high birth rates have the potential to avert a third of all maternal deaths and nearly a tenth of childhood deaths. To support government efforts in creating wider access to comprehensive contraceptive methods, EngenderHealth has contributed to the government of Ethiopia’s long-term goal of improving maternal health outcomes through its Access to Better Reproductive Health Initiative project.
METHODS: Difference-in-Difference approach is the main methodology in this analysis to estimate the “contribution” or “effect” of the ABRI intervention by comparing the changes in family planning outcomes from 2005 to 2016 between the ABRI and non-ABRI areas. This analysis was based on pooled data from the 2005 and 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys. To track temporal changes in the family planning indicators in the ABRI and non-ABRI areas, we employed simple trend analysis.
RESULTS: The results show that overall contraceptive prevalence rate, use of injectables, women’s knowledge of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) methods, and their exposure to family planning information/messages from health workers all significantly improved in the ABRI intervention areas beyond what occurred in the non-ABRI areas. The greatest increase in the use of modern contraception was among adolescents aged 15-19 years, with a DID estimate of 22.4% (p=0.007), ABRI areas compared to no-ABRI areas.
CONCLUSION: In the ABRI areas, family planning indicators recorded positive and significant changes. EngenderHealth has contributed its part in improving access to the uptake of comprehensive contraception and supporting government programs.
Students’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Solar Ultraviolet Exposure in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Mubashir Zafar  , Tafazzul Hyder Zaidi  , Nadira Hyder Zaidi  , Muhammad Waqas Nisar Ahmed  , Sobia Memon  , Faheem Ahmed  , Yusra Saleem  , Zuhaa Rehman  , Anabia Akhlaq  , Sana Sajjad Khan  , Sana Saleem  , Rehan Zaidi  
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR) from the sun is a significant environmental component that impacts on human health. Excessive UVR exposure has immediate impacts like burning and tanning, as well as long-term consequences including skin damage, photo-aging, skin malignancies. The objective for this study is to determine the student’s knowledge, attitude and practice regarding solar ultraviolet exposure in Karachi, Pakistan.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done in Public Sector University; total 361 students were recruited through stratified cluster sampling from different colleges of university. Data collection was done by validated structured questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to determine the association of outcome variables with risk factors and p-value of <0.05 as a threshold of statistical analysis.
RESULTS: Most of the students were appropriate knowledge (71%), positive attitude (51%) and safe practice (54%) regarding ultraviolet solar exposure. Almost half (69%) of participants were used sun protective agents. After adjustment of covariate, female gender (OR 2.20 (95% CI 1.29-4.07) (p-value 0.004), significantly associated with in-appropriate knowledge, third year students (OR 2.93 (95% CI 1.01-8.95) p-value 0.048) were significantly associated with negative attitude. Age group 18-21 years (OR 1.75(95% CI 1.43-5.31) p-value 0.003) were significantly associated with un-safe practice regarding solar ultraviolet exposure harmful effects.
CONCLUSION: This study found that knowledge level was appropriate but attitude and practice level need to improve for prevention of harmful effects of solar ultra violet ray exposure. The study encourages students to be more aware of sun protection behavior in order to avoid the long-term effects of sun exposure.