bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards agri‐food industry sustainability: Addressing agricultural technology adoption challenges through innovation
Authors: Limpamont Ajjaree , Kittipanya‐ngam Pichawadee , Chindasombatcharoen Nopparuj , Cavite Harry Jay M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAgriculture is a key economic driver but also a significant contributor to environmental challenges. Despite promotion, uptake of agricultural technologies remains low due to various challenges. This study explores challenges and solutions in the adoption of agricultural technology in Thailand, emphasising its positive impact on agri‐food sector sustainability. We developed a conceptual framework based on technology adoption literature review. Employing multiple case studies, our research uncovers challenges not only at the farmer level but also within the agricultural ecosystem level. Addressing these challenges requires comprehensive changes in physical, digital, and legal infrastructure. Solutions include reshaping farmer mindsets and enhancing awareness of technology benefits. Despite limitations to the agri‐food industry in Thailand, the study offers valuable insights for technology providers and policymakers, contributing to the literature on technology adoption by smallholder farmers. Our findings emphasise the need for sustainability strategies in the agri‐food sector through greater technology uptake to enhance environmental sustainability.
To tell or not to tell about bullying—New insights from the study on the perceptions of criminal sanctioning, anticipation of school punishment, agency, and trust toward school staff
Authors: Helka Anna M. , Wójcik Małgorzata , Dukała Karolina , Kabzińska Joanna , Piaskowska Olga , Piesiewicz Piotr 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe primary aim of this study was to determine whether perceptions of criminal sanctioning and school punishment predict students' willingness to report different types of bullying (material, physical, sexual, verbal, relational, and cyberbullying). An online survey was conducted with secondary school students (n = 1092) as participants. Traditionally included predictors (trust toward school staff, cost of reporting bullying, gender, and school agency) were also incorporated into a multiple linear regression analysis. The perception of criminal sanctioning for a particular type of bullying was a significant predictor of the willingness to report a given type of bullying, whereas anticipation of school punishment was relevant only in the case of cyberbullying. Trust toward school staff and gender were also significant predictors of willingness to report any type of bullying. School agency helped predict the willingness to report any kind of bullying except cyberbullying. Surprisingly, the costs of reporting bullying were relevant only in the case of material bullying. These results have important implications for stakeholders and school administration in identifying unreported bullying, developing and implementing anti‐bullying policies, and introducing programs aimed at improving students' legal awareness.
Microstructure of the radial head: Insights into anatomical variations and implications for advanced interventions
Authors: Cole Scott , Rainwater Randall R. , Mannen Erin , Tait Mark A. , Bracey John W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAppropriate management of radial head fractures is integral to prevent long‐term consequences like chronic pain and loss of motion. Advanced imaging systems, like micro‐computed tomography (μCT), are valuable for understanding radial head fracture patterns as they utilize micrometer scale resolution to define important parameters of bone health like cortical density and trabecular thickness. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the structural morphology of the radial head utilizing μCT. Nine fresh‐frozen cadaveric human radii were divided into four equal quadrants, based, and labeled as posteromedial, posterolateral, anteromedial, and anterolateral. Quadrants were scanned with a SCANCO MicroCT40 with both cortical and cancellous bone density measurements at a resolution of 36.0 μm. Bone density, direct trabecular number, and trabecular thickness were recorded as milligrams of hydroxyapatite/cm3. A one‐way repeated measures ANOVA was performed to compare the bone densities, trabecular number, and trabecular thickness of each of the four quadrants (p < 0.05). The posteromedial quadrant contained substantially more bone than other quadrants. Significantly greater bone densities were found in the posteromedial quadrant (148.1 mg of HA/cm3) compared to the anteromedial quadrant (54.6 mg of HA/cm3), posterolateral quadrant (137.5 mg of HA/cm3) compared to the anteromedial quadrant (54.6 mg of HA/cm3), and posterolateral quadrant (137.5 mg of HA/cm3) compared to the anterolateral quadrant (58.1 mg of HA/cm3). The trabecular number was not significantly different between quadrants. Trabecular thickness was significantly lower in the anterolateral (0.1417 mg of HA/cm3) and anteromedial (0.1416 mg of HA/cm3) quadrants compared to the posteromedial (0.1809 mg of HA/cm3) quadrant. The posterior half of the radial head was found to have a higher density of columns and arches compared to the anterior half. The microstructure of trabecular bone in the distal radius forms columns, struts, and arches, which allow for efficient transmission of stress through the bone. The microstructure of the radial head has similar microarchitecture to the distal radius with the present study identifying the presence of columns and arches in the radial head. These structures, along with trabecular density, in the posterior radial head may explain the lower incidence of fractures involving the posterior half of the radial head. Furthermore, our study supports the idea that the high incidence of fractures involving the anterolateral quadrant is due to microarchitecture characteristics and the relative lack of supportive structures compared to other areas. The novel insight gained from this study will aid in the development of advanced interventions for preventative measures and better treatment of radial head fractures like more satisfactory purchase when screws are directed towards the denser posteromedial quadrant.
Examining external control arms in oncology: A scoping review of applications to date
Authors: Farah Eliya , Kenney Matthew , Warkentin Matthew T. , Cheung Winson Y. , Brenner Darren R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for evaluating the comparative efficacy and safety of new cancer therapies. However, enrolling patients in control arms of clinical trials can be challenging for rare cancers, particularly in the context of precision oncology and targeted therapies. External Control Arms (ECAs) are a potential solution to address these challenges in clinical research design. We conducted a scoping review to explore the use of ECAs in oncology.MethodsWe systematically searched four databases, namely MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus. We screened titles, abstracts, and full texts for eligible articles focusing on patients undergoing therapy for cancer, employing ECAs, and reporting clinical outcomes.ResultsOf the 629 articles screened, 23 were included in this review. The earliest included studies were published in 1996, while most studies were published in the past 5 years. 44% (10/23) of ECAs were employed in blood‐related cancer studies. Geographically, 30% (7/23) of studies were conducted in the United States, 22% (5/23) in Japan, and 9% (2/23) in South Korea. The primary data sources used to construct the ECAs involved pooled data from previous trials (35%, 8/23), administrative health databases (17%, 4/23) and electronic medical records (17%, 4/23). While 52% (12/23) of the studies employed methods to align treatment and ECAs characteristics, 48% (11/23) lacked explicit strategies.ConclusionECAs offer a valuable approach in oncology research, particularly when alternative designs are not feasible. However, careful methodological planning and detailed reporting are essential for meaningful and reliable results.
A Metastable Semiquinone Molecular Switch Modulated by Ascorbate/O2: A Study from a System Far‐From‐Equilibrium to Biological Assays in Mitochondria
Authors: Rodríguez‐Valdez Gabriela , Martínez‐Cerda Marlen E. , Mejía‐Reyes Jisell G. , Tapia‐Juárez Melissa , Olmos‐Orizaba Eridani , Cortés‐Rojo Christian , Cortés‐García Carlos J. , Contreras‐Celedón Claudia A. , Solorio‐Alvarado Cesar R. , Chacón‐García Luis 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA molecular switch based on the metastable radical anion derived from a substituted heteroaryl quinone is described. Pyrrolyl quinone thiocyanate (PQ 9) showed an interaction with the fluoride anion that was visible to the naked eye and quantified by UV/vis and 1H and 13 C NMR. The metastable quinoid species formed by the interaction with F− (“ON” state) showed a molecular switching effect autocontrolled by the presence of ascorbate (“OFF” state) and back to the “ON” state by an autooxidation process, measured by visible and UV/vis spectroscopy. Due to its out‐of‐equilibrium properties and the exchange of matter and energy, a dissipative structural behaviour is proposed. Considering its similarity to the mechanism of coenzyme Q in oxidative phosphophorylation, PQ 9 was evaluated on Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial function for inhibition of complexes II, III and IV, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, catalase activity and lipid peroxidation. The results showed that PQ 9 inhibited complex III activity as well as the activity of all electron transport chain (ETC) complexes. In addition, PQ 9 reduced ROS production and catalase activity in yeast. The results suggest that PQ 9 may have potential applications as a new microbicidal compound by inducing ETC dysfunction.
Left atrial appendage occlusion and patent foramen ovale closure using a steerable sheath and intracardiac echocardiography
Authors: Ahmad Soban , Goldsweig Andrew M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA patient presenting with acute ischemic stroke associated with patent foramen ovale (PFO) had concurrent deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and new‐onset atrial fibrillation. Upon initiation of anticoagulation therapy, the patient developed hemorrhagic transformation of the stroke. The patient's multiple potential sources of embolic stroke were treated with concomitant left atrial appendage occlusion and PFO closure through the PFO, made possible by using the Steerable Amulet Sheath under 3D‐intracardiac echocardiography guidance.
Successful revascularization of coronary occlusion due to lotus root‐like plaques by IVUS‐based real‐time three‐dimensional wiring using the tip detection method in a patient with cardiac arrest
Authors: Okamoto Akihiro , Yamaguchi Tomohiro , Yamazaki Takanori , Fukuda Daiju 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA 32‐year‐old man, who was treated for T‐cell lymphoma, presented in cardiac arrest. He had been treated for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was initiated immediately. We diagnosed him as non‐ST elevated myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography demonstrated the occlusion of the trifurcation in the proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD). We failed to advance the first guidewire into the distal LAD by angio‐based conventional wiring. Intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) of the proximal diagonal branch revealed two diaphragms separating the distal lumen without connection, which looks like lotus root‐like appearance. We quickly penetrated the plaque using IVUS‐based real‐time 3D wiring using the tip detection method. The contrast injection via the microcatheter showed the distal diagonal branch (D2). After the balloon dilation in D2, IVUS image revealed a torn plaque between D2 and the distal LAD. Subsequently we advanced the guidewire to the distal LAD using IVUS‐based real‐time 3D wiring using the tip detection method through the tear of the plaque. Finally, we successfully performed the revascularization of LAD in a preferable procedure time. The patient recovered well and was discharged 39 days after cardiac arrest. This case highlights the efficacy of IVUS‐based real‐time 3D wiring using the tip detection method even in the emergent and challenging situation.
Fulminant demyelinating disease of the central nervous system effectively treated with a combination of decompressive craniectomy and immunotherapy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ide Toshihiro , Ebashi Ryo , Eriguchi Makoto , Aishima Shinichi , Abe Tatsuya , Hara Hideo 
Published: July 2024

Key Clinical MessageAccurately identifying fulminant demyelinating diseases is important for sudden onset of asymmetric cerebral white matter lesions with mass effect. Initially, immunotherapy should be administered; however, surgical intervention should be performed with poor response to medical management and evident signs of cerebral herniation.AbstractA case of fulminant demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that required decompressive craniectomy 8 days after symptom onset is presented. The patient recovered without sequelae after a combination of neurosurgery and immunotherapy with steroids and has remained relapse‐free for 4 years.
Local pH Gradients Alter Product Selectivity of Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction on La‐Cr‐Co Perovskites
Authors: Liu Xinran , Smith Rodney D. L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide through the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) presents the interesting situation where the fully reduced form, H2O, is significantly favored by thermodynamics. Perovskite oxide based catalysts with slow kinetics, or large overpotentials, have been shown to enable production of H2O2 with good selectivity, but this comes at the expense of energy efficiency and production rates. We analyze the structure and electrocatalytic ORR capabilities of a perovskite oxide series based on LaCr1‐xCoxO3. We find that the crystal lattice distorts in two ways as Co content increases – anisotropic compression of the lattice is accompanied by a pinching of angles within the structure, which gives way to compression of B−O bonds at higher Co contents. Product selectivity is observed to change as a function of both catalyst composition and rotation rates of rotating ring‐disk electrode. The rotation‐dependent behavior is attributed to accelerated displacement of surface‐bound peroxide intermediates by a pH gradient at the catalyst surface, and composition‐dependent changes in selectivity are found to correlate to the angular distortion of the crystal lattice. These results highlight the importance of local environments in electrocatalyst reactions and demonstrate that structure and local pH can be used to manipulate product selectivity.
Closer Approach towards the Preparation of Cellulose and Microcrystalline Cellulose from Corn Husks
Authors: Anh Phan Thi Hoang , Tai Doan Minh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work, cellulose was effectively produced from corn husks by a simple and eco‐friendly method. Major influencing variables for cellulose extraction were examined, and the highest yield of lignin and hemicellulose cleavage was achieved after corn husks were treated in 12.5 wt % NaOH solution at solid/liquid ratio (S/L) of 1:10 g mL−1, 70 °C for 90 min. Subsequent bleaching conducted in 10 wt % H2O2 solution at 80 °C for 90 min produced cellulose with a lightness value (L*) of ∼87, chromaticity indexes a* = −1.85, b* = 2.94 with high purity, 90.86 %, and crystallinity, 64.94 %. Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and x‐ray diffraction analysis showed a clear transition in morphology, structure modification, and crystallinity consistent with the alteration of the chemical composition from raw material to delignified residue and the bleached one. To synthesize microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), the hydrolysis was investigated in H2SO4 solutions of different concentrations and durations via monitoring particle size distribution by laser diffraction spectroscopy. At the most efficient conditions (30 wt % H2SO4, 18 h, 45 °C, 1:10 S/L ratio), the obtained MCC reached an average particle size of 42.68 µm, crystallinity degree of 61.6 %, and cellulose purity of 92.5 %. Meanwhile, similar parameters with 4 N HCl solution produced MCC with the same purity but higher crystallinity (65.6 %), higher mean size, 67.62 µm, and higher aspect ratio. SEM images showed that 4 N HCl caused less detrimental and erosive action, and less fragmentation on cellulose microfibrils compared to 30 wt % H2SO4. The study's outcome supports the feasibility of corn husks to produce cellulose and MCC for further applications.
Unexpectedly Regioselective Diels‐Alder Reactions of New Unsymmetrical Benzoquinones: A Convenient Synthetic Entry to Uniquely Substituted Decalins
Authors: Maier Lukáš , Němečková Dana , Akavaram Naresh , Kalla Erik , Semrád Hugo , Matyasková Olivie , Munzarová Markéta , Daďová Petra , Kubala Lukáš , Švenda Jakub , Paruch Kamil 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe report flexible synthesis of new unsymmetrically 2,6‐disubstituted benzoquinones (33 examples) and a systematic study of their reactivity in the Diels‐Alder reaction. The Diels‐Alder reactions of selected unsymmetrical benzoquinones with seemingly similar substituents were found to proceed with high regioselectivity and the formation of selected experimentally observed main products was rationalized by theoretical (DFT) calculations. The findings can be exploited in the convenient preparation of densely substituted and stereochemically defined decalins with unique angular substituents at ring fusion. We also demonstrate the usefulness of this methodology in complex molecule synthesis through the total synthesis of a novel forskolin analog possessing an ethyl group at the fusion of the rings B and C.
Gene Editing with Artificial DNA Scissors
Authors: Gibney Alex , Kellett Andrew 
Published: July 2024

AbstractArtificial metallo‐nucleases (AMNs) are small molecule DNA cleavage agents, also known as DNA molecular scissors, and represent an important class of chemotherapeutic with high clinical potential. This review provides a primary level of exploration on the concepts key to this area including an introduction to DNA structure, function, recognition, along with damage and repair mechanisms. Building on this foundation, we describe hybrid molecules where AMNs are covalently attached to directing groups that provide molecular scissors with enhanced or sequence specific DNA damaging capabilities. As this research field continues to evolve, understanding the applications of AMNs along with synthetic conjugation strategies can provide the basis for future innovations, particularly for designing new artificial gene editing systems.
Unveiling the Influence of Brightness Heterogeneity in Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy of Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Kanti Panda Mrinal , Acharjee Debopam , Nandi Nilanjana , Koley Somnath , Ghosh Subhadip 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNanoparticles (NPs), including perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) with single photon purity, present challenges in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) studies due to their distinct photoluminescence (PL) behaviors. In particular, the zero‐time correlation amplitude [g2(0)] and the associated diffusion timescale (τD) of their FCS curves show substantial dependency on pump intensity (IP). Optical saturation inadequately explains the origin of this FCS phenomenon in NPs, thus setting them apart from conventional dye molecules, which do not manifest such behavior. This observation is apparently attributed to either photo‐brightening or optical trapping, both lead to increased NP occupancy (N) in the excitation volume, consequently reducing the g2(0) amplitude [since g2(0) α 1/N] at high IP. However, an advanced FCS study utilizing alternating laser excitation at two different intensities dismisses such possibilities. Further investigation into single‐particle blinking behaviors as a function of IP reveals that the intensity dependence of g2(0) primarily arises from the brightness heterogeneity prevalent in almost all types of NPs. This report delves into the complexities of the photophysical properties of NPs and their adverse impacts on FCS studies.
Hydrothermal Dissolution of Reactive Silica Materials in Sodium Hydroxide Lyes
Authors: Alyosef Hallah Ahmad , Lilli Bettina , Enke Dirk , Roggendorf Hans 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReactive silica materials like vitreous silica or cristobalite were dissolved at temperatures between 100 and 220 °C for up to 7 days in NaOH lyes. The liquid and solid reaction products were analyzed chemically. Sodium water glasses with silica concentrations of up to 27 wt % and molar SiO2/Na2O ratios of up to 3.7 were obtained. The experimental data were evaluated by an approximation algorithm. The initial size reduction rates ranged between 0.1 and 7 µm h−1, depending on the temperature and the choice of starting materials. Correlations between thermodynamics and kinetics were discussed.
Data collection framework for enhanced carbon intensity indicator (CII) in the oil tankers
Authors: Sardar Abdullah , Anantharaman Mohan , Islam T. M. Rabiul , Garaniya Vikram 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe International Maritime Organization (IMO) aims to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 40% by 2030 compared with 2008. The carbon intensity indicator (CII) calculates the annual reduction factor required to continuously improve a ship's operational carbon intensity at a specific rating level. Verification and documentation of the achieved annual operational CII against the prescribed target are necessary to establish the operational carbon intensity rating. This study focuses on the intricate process of data collection for CII within the oil shipping industry, targeting engineering departments and shipboard management teams. Against the backdrop of the industry's substantial carbon dioxide emissions, the IMO has mandated the calculation of CII values for ships exceeding 5000 gross tons to promote sustainability and reduce environmental impact. We have collected emission data of 20 oil tankers over a period of 2 years using our ship maintenance and operating system (SMOS) and analyzed the data to compare the CII ratings. Our results indicate that a staggering ~63% of the vessels had the lowest CII rating of category E. It is therefore crucial to properly collect, organize, and evaluate data for CII calculation and take necessary measures to improve rating. This paper provides a deeper insight into the evolving CII calculation methodology, emphasizing the incorporation of correction factors and exclusions, and delineates the essential data collection practices needed to facilitate accurate CII calculations.
Tensile Strain and Interatomic Orbital Hybridization Effects Boost the Electrocatalytic Performance of Intermetallic Pd3Pb Nanowires for Ethanol Electrooxidation†
Authors: Miao Bo‐Qiang , Yuan Zi‐Han , Liu Xi‐Lai , Ai Xuan , Zhao Guang‐Tao , Chen Pei , Jin Pu‐Jun , Chen Yu 
Published: July 2024

Comprehensive SummaryWe present a strategy that effectively modulate the d‐band electronic structure of the active center by strain effect and interatomic orbital hybridization. This strategy efficiently promotes the kinetic process of the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in alkaline media. In the intermetallic Pd3Pb nanowires, the introduction of Pb not only causes the lattice expansion of Pd but also achieves the interatomic orbital hybridization bonding with Pd. Such interatomic orbital hybridization effect and tensile strain effect can effectively achieve a co‐regulation of the d‐band electronic structure of Pd, which directly affects the adsorption behavior of intermediate on Pd for EOR. Hence, the intermetallic Pd3Pb nanowires demonstrate enhanced EOR activity and anti‐poisoning ability against COads. Theoretical calculations show that the enhanced OH* adsorption ability and the low energy barrier for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol are the keys to high EOR activity and stability of the intermetallic Pd3Pb nanowires.