bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Optimised Hybrid ELSVM-BRO Model for Predicting Software Reliability
Authors: Rath Suneel Kumar , Sahu Madhusmita , Das Shom Prasad , Tripathy Hrudaya Kumar , Shah Mohd Asif , Mallik Saurav 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a rise in strict environmental and safety regulations, resulting in the implementation of extra protocols dictating the functioning and state of software to effectively adhere to safety standards. As a result, the importance of timely, effective, and accurate maintenance procedures has grown significantly. Proper utilization of data has the potential to boost efficiency, reinforce safety measures, lower operational expenses, protect assets, enhance workforce productivity and advance environmental preservation efforts within the software industry. This research aims to devise a novel methodology capable of synchronizing data gathered from multiple sources and constructing a scalable framework to identify early indications of software malfunction. The proposed approach, explored in this study, integrates various Hybrid Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Binary Rao optimization (JAYA algorithm) techniques (ELSVM-BRO), directly evaluating time series data from the dataset. Pre-processing stages encompass data smoothing, filtering, outlier mitigation, and segmentation, followed by feature extraction for classification purposes. In the given context, a unique model is proposed. This model is a combination of Hybrid Extreme Learning and Support Vector Model, and it’s based on Binary Rao (BR) i.e., also known as Jaya Optimization. The primary purpose of this model is to evaluate the condition of a software system, specifically determining whether it’s faulty or healthy. Comparison with K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), SVM, and Naïve Bayes (NB) and Random Forest (RF) classifiers using 10 datasets reveals that the ELSVM-BRO model attains superior balanced accuracy levels. The study suggests that amalgamating these algorithms enhances predictive reliability, particularly when applied to datasets of varying sizes.
YOLOv8-Seg: A Deep Learning Approach for Accurate Classification of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures
Authors: Yang Feng , Qian Yuchen , Xiao Heting , Zhao Xuewen , Chen Yuwei , Zhang Tianyou , Sun Haifu , Shan Lei , Li Yonggang , Wang Lingjie , Qiao Yusen , Chen Tonglei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The abstract of the article presents a study focused on the application of deep learning for the classification of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVF), a growing health concern among the elderly. The research aimed to explore the potential of deep learning to assist in diagnosing OVF, evaluate the clinical viability of this method, and enhance recovery rates. A dataset comprising 643 CT images of OVF from patients admitted between March 2013 and May 2023 was collected and classified according to the European Vertebral Osteoporosis Study Group (EVOSG) spine classification system. Of these, 613 images were utilized for training and validating a deep learning model, while 30 images served as a test set to assess the model's performance against clinician diagnoses. The deep learning system achieved an impressive 85.9% accuracy rate in classifying fractures according to the EVOSG criteria. The study concludes that deep learning offers a high degree of accuracy in identifying OVF from CT images, which could streamline and improve the current manual diagnostic process that is often complex and challenging. The study also introduces the YOLOv8-Seg model, a novel classification method designed to enhance the diagnostic capabilities for OVF. The use of deep learning in this context is positioned as a significant advancement with the potential to support medical professionals in making early and precise diagnoses, thereby improving patient outcomes. Key terms highlighted in the abstract include deep learning, osteoporotic vertebral fracture, and YOLOv8, indicating the integration of advanced technology in medical diagnosis.
Ambient temperature affects the composition of the vaginal microbiome and temperature sensitive vaginal microbes influence assisted reproductive technology outcomes
Authors: Liu Zheng , Hao Yuwen , Sun Tianyong , Li Meihui , Li Xiao , Qin Lang , Liu Xin , Bian Yuehong , Zhao Shigang , Zhao Qi , Zhao Han , Feng Qiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the influence of environmental factors on the composition and structure of the vaginal microbiome, and to explore the interaction among environmental factors, vaginal microbiome and outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART).
Methods
Adonis test was utilized to evaluate the impact of 33 host/environmental variables on vaginal microbiome. DLNM, Mfuzz analysis and linear mixed effect model were employed to establish the correlations between ambient temperature and vaginal microbes.
Results
Ambient temperature was one of the most important environmental factors associated with vaginal microbiome. As the temperature increased, succession of vaginal microbes showed four patterns of abundance variation. Furthermore, a group of vaginal microbes showed a preference for certain temperatures, and these microbes' varying interactions partly drove the shift of microbial networks at different temperatures. The community assembly process of vaginal microbiome deviated from neutral model and exposure to ambient temperature did not affect the role of stochastic processes in shaping vaginal microbial community. Notably, vaginal microbiome prior to embryo transfer was significantly associated with preterm birth. Preterm women exhibited higher abundance of Lactobacillus iners and lower abundance of Lactobacillus crispatus.
Conclusions
Ambient temperature change can affect the structure and composition of the vaginal microbiome, and correlate with the abundance of certain vaginal microbes. Temperature sensitive vaginal bacteria may affect the risk of future preterm births.
Hypopituitarism after gamma knife radiosurgery for pituitary adenomas: long-term results from a single-center experience
Authors: Yu Jinxiu , Fu Jiaming , Li Yanli , Hu Guangxin , Hu Guanye , Hu Wentao , Liu Detian , Fu Junyi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of hypopituitarism after gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for pituitary adenomas in a single center.
Methods
In this retrospective study, 241 pituitary adenoma patients who underwent GKRS from 1993 to 2016 were enrolled. These patients had complete endocrine, imaging, and clinical data before and after GKRS. The median follow-up time was 56.0 (range, 12.7–297.6) months.
Results
Fifty patients (20.7%) developed new-onset hypopituitarism after GKRS, including hypogonadism (n = 22), hypothyroidism (n = 29), hypocortisolism (n = 20), and growth hormone deficiency (n = 4). The median time to new-onset hypopituitarism was 44.1 (range, 13.5–141.4) months. The rates of new-onset hypopituitarism were 3%, 11%, 18%, 37%, and 45% at 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 years, respectively. In univariate analysis, sex (p = 0.012), suprasellar extension (p = 0.024), tumor volume (≥ 5 cm3) (p = 0.002), tumor margin dose (> 16 Gy) (p = 0.028), pre-existing hypopituitarism (p = 0.008), and previous surgery (p = 0.007) were significantly associated with new-onset hypopituitarism. In multivariate analysis, only tumor volume (≥ 5 cm3) and previous surgery were independent risk factors associated with new-onset hypopituitarism (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.149, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.190–3.880, p = 0.011 and HR = 1.893, 95% CI = 1.066–3.361, p = 0.029, respectively).
Conclusion
New-onset hypopituitarism was not uncommon after GKRS for pituitary adenomas. In this study, large tumor volume (≥ 5 cm3) and previous surgery before GKRS were associated with new-onset hypopituitarism.
BASA-GAN:Self-Attention-Guided Semi-Supervised Balanced Augmented Image Recognition Model
Authors: Hu Jing , Zhang Rumin , Lian Bingquan , Wang Fang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Existing deep learning image recognition models heavily rely on large amounts of manually labeled data by professionals, which is difficult to acquire, costly in terms of human labeling, and prone to subjective influence. Additionally, datasets in practical scenarios often exhibit imbalance, with a significant skew towards majority classes over minority classes. Compared to the majority classes, the rare minority classes are often more meaningful. However, most existing models tend to bias towards the majority classes during fitting, resulting in insufficient recognition accuracy for minority classes, which significantly hinders the widespread application of deep learning in practical image recognition. This paper introduces a new semi-supervised generative adversarial network, BASA-GAN, which can realize fair training of each class in unbalanced data set and improve the attention and recognition rate of minority classes. Firstly, we introduce a balanced generator module (SAG) that utilizes an autoencoder to learn features from all classes in the original labeled dataset and generates a balanced dataset through reconstruction. The reconstructed dataset is then fed into the generator to achieve fair ing for each class during training. In SAG we design a completely new class-balanced loss that encourages the autoencoder to generate a more balanced hidden space representation for different classes of data. Then, by incorporating the self-attention mechanism into the SAG module and the discriminator, we enhance the quality of the synthesized images and the discriminative power of the discriminator. Additionally, we introduce the spectral normalization into the semi-supervised model of BASA-GAN to address the instability issues during GAN training. Experimental results demonstrate that the SAG module achieves highly competitive performance in semi-supervised imbalanced image recognition tasks, not only improving the recognition accuracy for minority classes but also achieving fair training for each category in the dataset.
Governance of biological sample sharing in health research: Material Transfer Agreements (MTAs) in Zambia and South Africa – necessary but sufficient?
Authors: Chalwe Victor , Rossouw Theresa , Brand Dirk , Moodley Keymanthri 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction:The transfer of biological materials is a pivotal aspect of health research, especially in clinical trials conducted in Africa. Globally, standard material transfer agreements (MTAs) have been developed in an effort to standardize the transfers of biological materials. Recent controversial conduct in research in sub-Saharan Africa highlightsthe need for robust regulation, especially concerning biological sample transfer. The question remains whether these new regulations in African countries are sufficient to ensure ethical conduct.
Methods:This study evaluated the sufficiency of Zambia's existing legislation concerning MTAs using South African laws and guidelines as comparators. A qualitative study approach was adopted utilizing a desk review. Thematic analysis was conducted after extracting information from relevant national legal documents thatare publicly accessible. Necessary permissions and approvals were obtained before conducting the research.
Results: Thisstudy determined that Zambia and South Africa (SA) have established regulations for transfer of biological materials in health research. Zambia's framework is based on the National Health Research Act No. 2 of 2013 and MTA regulations of 2018. This Act emphasizes the importance of consent when extracting tissue or blood, and mandates that samples and data remain the property of the Zambian government. In contrast, South Africa's guidelines stemmed from the National Health Act 61 of 2003 and regulations SAMTA 2018, detailing an ongoing informed consent process and protection of donor data privacy.
South Africa provides a more detailed account of benefit sharing, whereas Zambia adopts a more generic approach. The South African framework offers specific guidance on the secondary use of materials and custodianship.
Both nations emphasize intellectual property rights but to differing extents. However, ambiguities persist in both countries regarding the details of benefit sharing
Conclusion:
The study revealed that Zambia and South Africa have established detailed legal frameworks governing the transfer of biological materials in health research incorporating consent, national sovereignty and protection of privacy. However, the effectiveness of their enforcement and implementation remains a critical concern, particularly in addressing ambiguities related to benefit sharing, ownership, custodianship, and intellectual property rights.
Inhalational versus intravenous anesthetic for cerebrovascular accident outcomes after surgical revascularization for adult Moyamoya disease
Authors: Cheng Yifei , Zha Chaochao , Che Xuehua , Wang Yingwei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the effects of inhalational anesthetics and intravenous anesthetics on the neurological function of patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) after vascular bypass surgery.
Methods: The clinical anesthesia data of patients were retrospectively collected. Patients who underwent bypass grafts with general anesthesia from January 1st, 2019, to December 31st, 2020, in Huashan Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, were selected. The primary endpoint was stroke incidence within seven days after anesthesia, and the secondary endpoints included hyperperfusion syndrome (HPS) and incidence of postoperative seizure.
Results: We compared the data of MMD patients who received inhalational anesthetics (Sevoflurane anesthetics ,n = 199, group S) and intravenous anesthetics (Propofol anesthetics , n = 219，group P). The stroke incidence in the two groups (group S vs. group P) was 6.6% vs. 5.9% (OR = 0.835; 95% CI, 0.388-1.797; p = 0.841), and the group S vs. group P of HPS incidence was 32.5% vs. 31.1% (OR=0.942; 95% CI, 0.636-0.1.397, p = 0.753). At discharge, anesthetics didn't affect the neurological endpoint. There were statistical no differences in the NHISS score (p50:S group vs. P group = 2:1, p=0.082) at 7 days after surgery, but mRS score (p50:S group vs. P group = 2:1, p<0.001) at 7 days after surgery, as well as the mRS score at 6 months of follow-up (p50:S group vs. P group=0:0, p<0.001) have tatistical differences.
Conclusion: Our data indicated that both inhalational and intravenous anesthetics had protective effects on patients who underwent MMD bypass grafts. MMD patients who received inhalational anesthetics and intravenous anesthetics had similar odds of neurological deficits. When comparing long-term clinical data, most patients experience good neurological recovery after receiving inhalation or intravenous anesthesia, but when compared mRS score p75（S group vs. P group = 3:1）in 6 month intravenous anesthetics might be more suitable for patients undergoing MMD bypass grafts. Keywords: Moyamoya disease; Surgical therapy; Anesthesia; Sevoflurane; Propofol
Pleiotropic Activity of Hop Extract: Unveiling its Antimicrobial Efficacy in Oral Cavity
Authors: Guan Qunli , Wang Yaozhong , Mo Jianning , Tang Shang , Li Guotai , Deng Jing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The extract of Hops (Humulus lupulus L.), a herb medicine with a rich history spanning over 2000 years, has recently received extensive attention in food, health, and biomedicine. However, its reports in oral application are rare. To provide fundamental information for further clinical study in oral treatment, in this work, pleiotropic activity of hop extract including the stability, cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity of hop extract are investigated. The UV and thermal stability of hop extract were assessed using FT-IR analysis, while antioxidant activity was determined through experiments measuring DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay. Furthermore, we examined the antimicrobial activities of hop extract against four pathogenic microorganisms commonly associated with oral diseases—namely, E. faecalis, S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans—through inhibition zone and colony-forming unit assays. Experimental results show that hop extract has good UV and thermal stability, as well as good biological biocompatibility and antioxidant activity. Importantly, antimicrobial tests indicate that hop extract exhibits not only strong antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but also effective antifungal ability. This study highlights the potential of hop extract as a promising antimicrobial agent for oral treatment. It serves as a crucial first step towards further applications and paves the way for the development of new treatments in oral therapies.
Whole genome sequencing for tuberculosis disease species identification, lineage determination, and drug resistance detection in Kashgar prefecture, China
Authors: Liu Dongxin , Badeerhan Gulina , Emam Mawlanjan , Jiang Mengnan , Hong Geng , Xie Mengjiao , Liu Yang , Wang Xijiang , Wei Qiang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
We aimed to use whole genome sequencing (WGS) to determine species and lineage composition and drug resistant profile in a high tuberculosis (TB)-burden region of China.
Methods
We conducted WGS to 1791 acid-fast staining positive isolates and culture-positive isolates collected from Kashgar prefecture in 2020. Bioinformatic analysis was applied to confirm species, lineage and drug resistant mutations. The drug susceptibility testing were performed on confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex(MTBC) isolates. We determined the accuracy of WGS by comparing with phenotypes.
Results
95.03% (1702/1791) were identified MTBC, 3.18% (57/1791) were nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), 0.61% (11/1791) and 0.89%(16/1791) were Nocardia and Gordonia respectively, 4 were identified as mixed infection. MTBC were composed of lineage 2 (45.83%, 780/1702), lineage 3 (462/1702, 27.14%), lineage 4 (455/1702, 26.73%), lineage 1(1/1702, 0.06%) and M.bovis (La1, 4/1702, 0.24%). Resistance to rifampicin, ethambutol, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and ethionamide were accurately predicted with sensitivity of 96.43%, 83.33%,100%, 100% and 94.74% by WGS, and resistance to isoniazid with the sensitivity of 81.62% .
Conclusions
WGS can be an important approach in assessing TB control strategy and for determining therapeutic schemes in high TB-burden regions. The drug resistant TB of Kashgar prefecture is at low level and the application of WGS may prevent the increase of resistance rate.
Molecular confirmation of ToLCNDV resistance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genotypes through agroinoculation and field screening
Authors: Elango Naveena , Venkatachalam Rajasree , Kanti Behara Tusar , Gandhi Karthikeyan , Murugavel Kavitha , Durai Rameshkumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Research was carried out to identify the source of resistance in four cucumber genotypes for ToLCNDV under natural field epiphytotic and greenhouse conditions. Over all the mean percent disease index and incidence ranged from 0 to 92.00% and 0 to 93.3% respectively. Under natural field conditions, the genotype DC 70 was found to be totally free from ToLCNDV infection followed by P-85 with 8.57 PDI and 28.57% disease incidence while DC 773 recorded 75.00 PDI and 87.50% disease incidence and DC 769 with 42.85 PDI and 71.42% disease incidence in rabi season under field epiphytotic condition. Similarly, during the kharif season the genotype DC 70 and P-85 were found to be totally free from ToLCNDV infection while DC 773 recorded 65.71 PDI and 85.00% disease incidence and DC 769 with 40.00 PDI and 75.00% disease incidence. Based on natural field evaluation the selected entries were subjected to artificial screening under greenhouse conditions. DC 70 was totally free from ToLCNDV infection upon artificial screening by agroinoculation. This was followed by P-85 with 22.91 PDI and 46.60% disease incidence and DC 773 recorded 92.00 PDI and 93.3%disease incidence. Symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves were confirmed for the presence of ToLCNDV by PCR assay. Susceptible genotypes expressed leaf curling, yellowing and severe mosaic on 28 days post-inoculation. Out of four genotypes screened, DC 70 showed highly resistant reaction and identified as reliable source of resistance for ToLCNDV in cucumber. The resistant source identified is a good candidate for resistant breeding for ToLCNDV in cucumber.
Survival Analysis and Its Determinants among Patients with End Stage Renal Disease in Eastern Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fiseha Getahun , Amsalu Alemneh , Molla Alemayehu , Hailu Mickiale 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
End-stage renal disease is the last stage of chronic kidney disease. It is estimated that by 2030 more than 70% of patients with end-stage renal disease would be living in low-income countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the survival time and its determinants among patients with end stage renal disease in Eastern, Ethiopia.
Method
A retrospective cohort study design was employed to analyze the survival time and its determinants among 754 end stage renal disease patients with hemodialysis follow up between September 1/2015 and August 30/2020 in Eastern Ethiopia. Data was collected from patients chart using listing questionnaire by 10 data collectors and analyzed using STATA version 14. Frequency tables and Kaplan-Meier graphs were used to describe the characteristic of the data, while the Weibull regression model was employed at 5% levels of significance to assess association between the covariates and the survival time of end stage renal disease patients.
Result
Among 754 hemodialysis patients, 176(23.3%) were died. The overall median survival time of patients in the five year follow up period was 40.6[95%CI: 38.54, 43.8] months, with a mortality rate of 5.84 [95%CI: 5.04, 6.77] per 1000 person-months. In the Weibull regression model, urban area [HR = 6.61, 95%CI: 2.67, 16.36], being widowed [HR = 13.11, 95%CI:10.79, 16.09], having family history of RD [HR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.02, 2.97] and using central venous catheters vascular access [HR = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.34, 4.34] were significantly associated with increased risk of death, while having follow up in Sheik Hassen hospital [HR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.26, 0.58], three times dialysis per week [HR = 0.21, 95%CI: 0.09, 0.49], 4 dialysis hours per session [HR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.11, 0.63], and higher Kt/v level [HR = 0.30, 95%CI: [0.11, 0.80] were significantly associated with lower risk of death.
Conclusion
The median survival time of patients was lower than other studies. AV fistula should be also adapted as dialysis modality.