bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐induced vibrations of a DU96‐W‐180 airfoil in stall
Authors: Skrzypiński Witold Robert , Gaunaa Mac , Sørensen Niels , Zahle Frederik , Heinz Joachim 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThis work presents an analysis of two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) non‐moving, prescribed motion and elastically mounted airfoil computational fluid dynamics (CFD) computations. The elastically mounted airfoil computations were performed by means of a 2D structural model with two degrees of freedom. The computations aimed at investigating the mechanisms of both vortex‐induced and stall‐induced vibrations related to a wind turbine blade at standstill conditions. In this work, a DU96‐W‐180 airfoil was used in the angle‐of‐attack region potentially corresponding to stall‐induced vibrations. The analysis showed significant differences between the aerodynamic stability limits predicted by 2D and 3D CFD computations. A general agreement was reached between the prescribed motion and elastically mounted airfoil computations. 3D computations indicated that vortex‐induced vibrations are likely to occur at modern wind turbine blades at standstill. In contrast, the predicted cut‐in wind speed necessary for the onset of stall‐induced vibrations appeared high enough for such vibrations to be unlikely. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Structures, and Luminescent Properties of two 3, 5‐Dimethyl‐1‐H‐1, 2,4‐triazole‐Based Zinc Metal‐Organic Frameworks with Aromatic Carboxylate as Coligand
Authors: Huang Yao , Liu Long‐Jiang , Zhou Ming‐Shan , Zhou Xiao‐Jun , Zhu Chao , Fu Fei‐E , Zhang Yong‐Ming 
Published: June 2013

AbstractTwo metal‐organic frameworks, [Zn(dmtrz)(btrc)1/3]n (1) and [Zn2(dmtrz)2(btec)(H2O)2]n (2) (dmtrz = 3, 5‐dimethyl‐1‐H‐1, 2,4‐triazole, btrc = 1, 3,5‐benzenetricarboxylate, btec = 1, 2,4, 5‐benzenetetracarboxylate), were synthesized by hydrothermal reaction. The crystal structure analysis reveals that compound 1 is a dense 3D framework with Schläfli symbols of {43}2{46·66·83}3, which is a loh1 structure. Compound 2 is a 2D network. In addition, the photoluminescence of two compounds were studied in solid state at room temperature, together with their thermal analysis.
Barriers to Accessing Surgical Care: A Cross‐Sectional Survey Conducted at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Samad Lubna , Jawed Fayez , Sajun Sana Zehra , Arshad Mohammad Hussham , Baig‐Ansari Naila 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe need for surgical care far exceeds available facilities, especially in low income and poor countries. Limited data are available to help us understand the extent and nature of barriers that limit access to surgical care, particularly in the Asian subcontinent. The aim of this study was to understand factors that influence access to surgical care in a low‐income urban population.MethodsAn observational cross‐sectional study was conducted on 199 consecutive patients admitted for elective surgery from February to April 2010 to identify the presence and causes of delay in accessing surgical care.ResultsThe median duration of symptoms were 7 and 4 months in women and men, respectively. The odds of delay between the onset of symptoms and seeking initial health care (first interval) is twice as likely for women than for men [52.7 vs. 37.5 %, odds ratio (OR) 1.9]. Lack of knowledge regarding treatment options [OR 3.8; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.4–10.3] and about disease implications (OR 2.4; 95 % CI 1.2–4.8) were cited most often. A second interval of delay (time from when surgery was first advised to the surgery) was reported by 123 (61.8 %) patients. Financial constraints (29.6 %) and environment‐related delays (10.6 %) were cited most often. More women than men thought there was a second delay interval (73 vs. 58 %). The odds of women having more co‐morbid conditions were nearly 4.7 times that of men (95 % CI 1.5–15.1).ConclusionsA complex interaction of factors limits access to surgical care in developing countries. Women appear to face greater hurdles to accessing health care. Understanding local factors is essential to make care accessible.
ON A QUESTION OF HARTWIG AND LUH
Authors: DITTMER SAMUEL J. , KHURANA DINESH , NIELSEN PACE P. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractIn 1977 Hartwig and Luh asked whether an element $a$ in a Dedekind-finite ring $R$ satisfying $aR= {a}^{2} R$ also satisfies $Ra= R{a}^{2} $. In this paper, we answer this question in the negative. We also prove that if $a$ is an element of a Dedekind-finite exchange ring $R$ and $aR= {a}^{2} R$, then $Ra= R{a}^{2} $. This gives an easier proof of Dischinger’s theorem that left strongly $\pi $-regular rings are right strongly $\pi $-regular, when it is already known that $R$ is an exchange ring.
Modulational instability analysis of the cylindrical nonlinear von Neumann equation
Authors: FEDELE R. , MANNAN A. , TANJIA F. , DE NICOLA S. , JOVANOVIĆ D. , GIANFRANI L. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA theoretical investigation of both deterministic and statistical approaches to modulational instability arising in the cylindrical nonlinear von Neumann equation (CNLvNE) is carried out. This is done on the basis of a recently discovered exact mapping that relates the CNLvNE to the standard one. We show that the dispersion relations of the cylindrical case (for the examples considered here) do not depend explicitly on time and their functional forms do not change with respect to the corresponding standard cases. These results differ from the previous investigations.
Atypical interference effect of action observation in autism spectrum conditions
Authors: Cook J. , Swapp D. , Pan X. , Bianchi-Berthouze N. , Blakemore S-J. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundObserving incongruent actions interferes with ongoing action execution. This ‘interference effect’ is larger for observed biological actions than for non-biological actions. The current study used virtual reality to investigate the biological specificity of interference effects of action observation in autism spectrum conditions (ASC).MethodHigh-functioning adults with ASC and age- and IQ-matched healthy controls performed horizontal sinusoidal arm movements whilst observing arm movements conducted by a virtual reality agent with either human or robot form, which moved with either biological motion or at a constant velocity. In another condition, participants made the same arm movements while observing a real human. Observed arm movements were either congruent or incongruent with executed arm movements. An interference effect was calculated as the average variance in the incongruent action dimension during observation of incongruent compared with congruent movements.ResultsControl participants exhibited an interference effect when observing real human and virtual human agent incongruent movements but not when observing virtual robot agent movements. Individuals with ASC differed from controls in that they showed no interference effects for real human, virtual human or virtual robot movements.ConclusionsThe current study demonstrates atypical interference effects in ASC.
Incidence ofChlamydia trachomatisinfection in women in England: two methods of estimation
Authors: PRICE M. J. , ADES A. E. , DE ANGELIS D. , WELTON N. J. , MACLEOD J. , TURNER K. , HORNER P. J. 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYInformation on the incidence ofChlamydia trachomatis(CT) is essential for models of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of screening programmes. We developed two independent estimates of CT incidence in women in England: one based on an incidence study, with estimates ‘recalibrated’ to the general population using data on setting-specific relative risks, and allowing for clearance and re-infection during follow-up; the second based on UK prevalence data, and information on the duration of CT infection. The consistency of independent sources of data on incidence, prevalence and duration, validates estimates of these parameters. Pooled estimates of the annual incidence rate in women aged 16–24 and 16–44 years for 2001–2005 using all these data were 0·05 [95% credible interval (CrI) 0·035–0·071] and 0·021 (95% CrI 0·015–0·028), respectively. Although, the estimates apply to England, similar methods could be used in other countries. The methods could be extended to dynamic models to synthesize, and assess the consistency of data on contact and transmission rates.
Neuroanatomical Correlates of Executive Functions: A Neuropsychological Approach Using the EXAMINER Battery
Authors: Robinson Heather , Calamia Matthew , Gläscher Jan , Bruss Joel , Tranel Daniel 
Published: June 2013

AbstractExecutive functions (EF) encompass a variety of higher-order capacities such as judgment, planning, decision-making, response monitoring, insight, and self-regulation. Measuring such abilities quantitatively and establishing their neural correlates has proven to be challenging. Here, using a lesion-deficit approach, we report the neural correlates of a variety of EF tests that were developed under the auspices of the NINDS-supported EXAMINER project (Kramer, 2011;www.examiner.ucsf.edu). We administered a diverse set of EF tasks that tap three general domains—cognitive, social/emotional, and insight—to 37 patients with focal lesions to the frontal lobes, and 25 patients with lesions outside the frontal lobes. Using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM), we found that damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) was predominately associated with deficits in social/emotional aspects of EF, while damage to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and anterior cingulate was predominately associated with deficits in cognitive aspects of EF. Evidence for an important role of some non-frontal regions (e.g., the temporal poles) in some aspects of EF was also found. The results provide further evidence for the neural basis of EF, and extend previous findings of the dissociation between the roles of the ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal sectors in organizing, implementing, and monitoring goal-directed behavior. (JINS, 2013,19, 1–12)
Towards healthy and sustainable food consumption: an Australian case study
Authors: Friel Sharon , Barosh Laurel J , Lawrence Mark 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo articulate a healthy and sustainable (H&S) diet; outline key health and environmental sustainability principles that can be applied in the selection of foods for inclusion in such a diet; and describe a methodology with which to assess the availability and affordability of a H&S food basket.DesignWe synthesized publically available evidence on the environmental impact of different foods from academic, government, industry and non-government sources and constructed a hypothetical H&S equivalent of the typical Australian diet. Based on this, we constructed a weekly H&S food basket for a household of two adults and two children.SettingAustralia.SubjectsAustralian populations.ResultsThe H&S diet is based on three overarching principles: (i) any food that is consumed above a person's energy requirement represents an avoidable environmental burden in the form of greenhouse gas emissions, use of natural resources and pressure on biodiversity; (ii) reducing the consumption of discretionary food choices, which are energy-dense and highly processed and packaged, reduces both the risk of dietary imbalances and the use of environmental resources; and (iii) a diet comprising less animal- and more plant-derived foods delivers both health and ecological benefits.ConclusionsWe have focused on the articulation of a H&S diet not to facilitate ‘policy drift’ to focus on individual dietary choice, but rather to provide evidence to extend dietary guideline recommendations so as to integrate environmental considerations within the scope of food and health policy advice in Australia and elsewhere.
Training oncology and palliative care clinical nurse specialists in psychological skills: Evaluation of a pilot study
Authors: Clark Jane E. , Aitken Susan , Watson Nina , McVey Joanne , Helbert Jan , Wraith Anita , Taylor Vanessa , Catesby Sarah 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjective:National guidelines in the United Kingdom recommend training Clinical Nurse Specialists in psychological skills to improve the assessment and intervention with psychological problems experienced by people with a cancer diagnosis (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, 2004). This pilot study evaluated a three-day training program combined with supervision sessions from Clinical Psychologists that focused on developing skills in psychological assessment and intervention for common problems experienced by people with cancer.Methods:Questionnaires were developed to measure participants’ levels of confidence in 15 competencies of psychological skills. Participants completed these prior to the program and on completion of the program. Summative evaluation was undertaken and results were compared. In addition, a focus group interview provided qualitative data of participants’ experiences of the structure, process, and outcomes of the program.Results:Following the program, participants rated their confidence in psychological assessment and skills associated with providing psychological support as having increased in all areas. This included improved knowledge of psychological theories, skills in assessment and intervention and accessing and using supervision appropriately. The largest increase was in providing psycho-education to support the coping strategies of patients and carers. Thematic analysis of interview data identified two main themes including learning experiences and program enhancements. The significance of the clinical supervision sessions as key learning opportunities, achieved through the development of a community of practice, emerged.Significance of results:Although this pilot study has limitations, the results suggest that a combined teaching and supervision program is effective in improving Clinical Nurse Specialists’ confidence level in specific psychological skills. Participants’ experiences highlighted suggestions for refinement and development of the program. Opportunities for further research and developments in this area are discussed.
FilGAP and its close relatives: a mediator of Rho–Rac antagonism that regulates cell morphology and migration
Authors: Nakamura Fumihiko 
Published: June 2013

Cell migration, phagocytosis and cytokinesis are mechanically intensive cellular processes that are mediated by the dynamic assembly and contractility of the actin cytoskeleton. GAPs (GTPase-activating proteins) control activities of the Rho family proteins including Cdc42, Rac1 and RhoA, which are prominent upstream regulators of the actin cytoskeleton. The present review concerns a class of Rho GAPs, FilGAP (ARHGAP24 gene product) and its close relatives (ARHGAP22 and AHRGAP25 gene products). FilGAP is a GAP for Rac1 and a binding partner of FLNa (filamin A), a widely expressed F-actin (filamentous actin)-cross-linking protein that binds many different proteins that are important in cell regulation. Phosphorylation of FilGAP serine/threonine residues and binding to FLNa modulate FilGAP's GAP activity and, as a result, its ability to regulate cell protrusion and spreading. FLNa binds to FilGAP at F-actin-enriched sites, such as at the leading edge of the cell where Rac1 activity is controlled to inhibit actin assembly. FilGAP then dissociates from FLNa in actin networks by myosin-dependent mechanical deformation of FLNa's FilGAP-binding site to relocate at the plasma membrane by binding to polyphosphoinositides. Since actomyosin contraction is activated downstream of RhoA–ROCK (Rho-kinase), RhoA activity regulates Rac1 through FilGAP by signalling to the force-generating system. FilGAP and the ARHGAP22 gene product also act as mediators between RhoA and Rac1 pathways, which lead to amoeboid and mesenchymal modes of cell movements respectively. Therefore FilGAP and its close relatives are key regulators that promote the reciprocal inhibitory relationship between RhoA and Rac1 in cell shape changes and the mesenchymal–amoeboid transition in tumour cells.
Nanoencapsulation of Hypericum perforatum and doxorubicin anticancer agents in PLGA nanoparticles through double emulsion technique
Authors: Amjadi I. , Rabiee M. , Hosseini M.S. , Sefidkon F. , Mozafari M. 
Published: June 2013

A comparative study is performed on Hypericum perforatum (H. perforatum) and doxorubicin (Dox) anticancer agents. Double emulsion and sonication techniques were used to enhance drug loading efficiency in poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs). To distinguish the efficiency of the double emulsion method, drug entrapment efficiency was measured. In vitro release studies were carried out to evaluate drug release profiles. Entrapment efficiency was estimated to be 48 and 21% for Dox‐loaded and H. perforatum ‐loaded NPs, respectively. Surprisingly, the encapsulation process disrupted the formation of Dox crystals (Dox in NPs converted from the crystalline to the amorphous phase), whereas disordered crystalline was observed for H. perforatum. In vitro release studies suggested that the total released drug was about 71% of the whole entrapped drug after 20 days. MTT assay confirmed that Dox was more toxic than H. perforatum. This study revealed that H. perforatum is a good choice for further experiments in drug delivery systems because of low cardiotoxicity according to the herbaceous nature of this anticancer agent.
Stacked reverberation mapping
Authors: Fine S. , Shanks T. , Green P. , Kelly B. C. , Croom S. M. , Webster R. L. , Berger E. , Chornock R. , Burgett W. S. , Chambers K. C. , Kaiser N. , Price P. A. 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
Over the past 20 years reverberation mapping has proved one of the most successful techniques for studying the local (&lt;1 pc) environment of supermassive black holes that drive active galactic nuclei. Key successes of reverberation mapping have been direct black hole mass estimates, the radius–luminosity relation for the Hβ line and the calibration of single-epoch mass estimators commonly employed up to z ∼ 7. However, observing constraints mean that few studies have been successful at z &gt; 0.1, or for the more-luminous quasars that make up the majority of current spectroscopic samples, or for rest-frame ultraviolet emission lines available in optical spectra of z &gt; 0.5 objects. Previously, we described a technique for stacking cross-correlations to obtain reverberation mapping results at high z. Here, we present the first results from a campaign designed for this purpose. We construct stacked cross-correlation functions for the C iv and Mg ii lines and find a clear peak in both. We find that the peak in the Mg ii correlation is at longer lags than C iv consistent with previous results at low redshift. For the C iv sample, we are able to bin by luminosity and find evidence for increasing lags for more-luminous objects. This C iv radius–luminosity relation is consistent with previous studies but with a fraction of the observational cost.
Libraries and student persistence at southern colleges and universities
Authors: Teske Boris , DiCarlo Michael , Cahoy Dexter 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to determine whether or how academic libraries affect student achievement.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses computation of Pearson's r coefficients and predictor values for correlations of academic library statistics with first‐year retention and six‐year graduation rates reported to the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System by Southern Regional Education Board four‐year colleges and universities in 2010.FindingsBook collection size in doctoral university libraries has the strongest correlation with retention and graduation rates, in the sample, and predicts for every 10 percent increase a 0.5 percent improvement in retention and a 0.7 percent higher graduation rate.Originality/valueThe paper documents the first impact study to correlate library statistics with both retention and graduation rates from a large sample of doctoral, Masters' and bachelors' degree‐conferring institutions. It calculates 21 predictor values of interest to academic administrators.
Academic library participation in recruitment and retention initiatives
Authors: Hubbard Melissa A. , Loos Amber T. 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which academic libraries participate in and assess initiatives to increase or maintain student enrollment levels at colleges and universities in the US.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey of academic library directors in the US was conducted. The 31 question survey was distributed via email to 321 librarians in the sample population. The survey response rate was 42.7 percent. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 and qualitative data were coded according to recruitment or retention strategy.FindingsRegardless of institution type or size, libraries in the sample population were just as likely to participate in recruitment and retention initiatives. However, some libraries stood out as particularly active in recruitment and retention initiatives. Indicators of active library participation were identified.Research limitations/implicationsThe response rate for the survey did not generate a statistically significant sample size, given the population. However, the data generated here contribute significantly to the relatively scant literature on academic library participation in retention and recruitment activities. The findings also suggest the need for the profession to focus on creating assessment tools to measure library impact on recruitment and retention.Originality/valueNo other studies have surveyed the academic library field to document the extent to which they participate in and assess recruitment and retention initiatives.
Preparing graduate students for graduate‐level study and research
Authors: O'Clair Katherine 
Published: June 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to describe a graduate level course in information research for thesis‐based Master's degree students in the College of Agriculture, Food, and Environmental Sciences at California Polytechnic State University for which the College Librarian served as the instructor of record. It also seeks to report the results of research conducted to investigate the impact of the course and its effect on graduate student confidence and preparedness.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires were used to measure student perception of their confidence and preparedness for graduate study and research before and after completing a for‐credit course.FindingsStudents' self‐perceived levels of confidence and preparedness increased after taking the course. Most felt the course was useful and the content would help them to complete their theses more efficiently and effectively. The majority of students also completed the administrative tasks that are required for graduate‐level study.Originality/valueFor‐credit, course‐based information literacy instruction is common for undergraduates at institutions throughout the US, yet similar offerings for graduate students are rare. Graduate students have specific information needs that require a particular set of skills. A for‐credit course designed to meet the needs of graduate students is an effective way to prepare students. Research conducted in conjunction with the offering of this course examines the impact on graduate students' self‐perceived confidence and preparedness.