bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of renal replacement therapy in critically ill pediatric small bowel transplantation candidates and recipients: Experience from one center
Authors: Pineda Carol , Grogan Tristan , Lin James A. , Zaritsky Joshua J. , Venick Robert , Farmer Douglas G. , Kelly Robert B. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractOutcomes for pediatric SBT patients requiring perioperative RRT in the PICU remain unknown. The objectives were to document our center's experience with PICU SBT patients receiving perioperative RRT and to identify variables predictive of survival to discharge. A retrospective chart review of patients (ages, 0–18 yr) between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2011 that received RRT within a SBT perioperative period and were transplanted at our university‐affiliated, tertiary care children's hospital was performed. Six SBT patients received perioperative RRT (ages, 5–12 yr). Three patients (50%) survived to hospital discharge. Among survivors, RRT was required for a total of 1–112 days (mean, 49.7 days). All three survivors survived to hospital discharge without renal transplantation and free of RRT. There was a trend toward increased survival among older patients receiving RRT (p = 0.05). Survivors had a higher I‐125 GFR prior to PICU admission (p = 0.045). A higher I‐125 GFR prior to PICU admission among survivors may support this test's utility during SBT evaluation. In our experience, a high survival rate and freedom from RRT at the time of discharge support RRT use in the SBT population.
Testing cognitive predictors of individual differences in the sexual psychophysiological responses of sexually functional women
Authors: Clifton Jessica , Seehuus Martin , Rellini Alessandra H. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe literature on sexual responses shows a large and not fully understood between‐women variance in sexual responses and in strength of coherence between physiological and subjective sexual responses. This study investigated cognitive factors theorized to be associated with sexual responses that could explain such variance. Specifically, we investigated the predictive value of sexual excitation/inhibition and sexual schemas on sexual response and coherence. Vaginal photoplethysmography and continuous subjective sexual arousal were collected from 29 young women while they watched a control/erotic video sequence. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed that high sexual excitation and schemas related to passion and romance were related to higher coherence. These findings support the notion that cognitive factors that enhance sexual arousal contribute to the large variation seen in the coherence of sexual response as measured in the laboratory.
Recent Research Developments Affecting Nonlife Insurance—The CAS Risk Premium Project 2013 Update
Authors: Biener Christian , Eling Martin , Pradhan Shailee 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis article reports the main results of the 2013 Risk Premium Project update, a yearly review of actuarial and finance literature on the theory and empirics of risk assessment for property–casualty insurance. The literature review reveals a broad variety of topics, with a strong leaning toward catastrophe risk, market efficiency, and new valuation techniques. Within the field of catastrophe risk, the role of weather and climate‐related risks for the insurance sector is reviewed and both the threats and the opportunities arising from the changing risk landscape are discussed.
Flood 2013: When Leaders Emerged and Risk Management Evolved at the University of Calgary
Authors: Nielson Norma 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThis article, organized as a teaching case, relates a small portion of the story that emerged when 2013 brought Calgary the most severe floods in living memory. The article first provides the reader with a bit of background on the topography, hydrology, and general risk exposure of the Bow River Valley in general and Calgary in particular. The next section provides some detail about The University of Calgary and its risk management structure. The article then looks at the Flood of 2013, describing the extent and phases of the disaster and the biggest challenges faced at the University. The article illustrates how important risk management processes can be even when an organization does not experience a disaster. The article concludes with a set of questions and answers that can be used to structure either a written assignment or an in‐class discussion. The key lessons that emerged for risk managers are presented in the answers to those questions.
Reforms, Finance, and Current Accounts
Authors: Bertola Giuseppe , Lo Prete Anna 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe analyze the implications of labor market reforms for an open economy's human capital investment and future production. A stylized model shows that labor market deregulation can imply more positive current‐account balances if financial markets are imperfect and labor market institutions not only distort labor allocation, but also smooth income. Empirically, in Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) country‐level panel data, we find that labor market deregulation has been positively related to current‐account surpluses on average and more strongly so when and where financial market access was more limited. These results are robust to inclusion of standard determinants of current‐account imbalances, and do not appear to be driven by cyclical phenomena.
Urbanicity Moderates Associations between Family Income and Adolescent Academic Achievement
Authors: Miller Portia , Votruba‐Drzal Elizabeth 
Published: March 2015

AbstractResearch has shown that family income's relations to early childhood achievement is stronger in large inner cities and weaker in less urbanized areas. Research has not yet considered whether links between family income and achievement in adolescence differ across the urban to rural landscape. Using nationally representative data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–1999 (N ≈ 9,350), this study examines differences in family income's links with eighth‐grade achievement across large urban, small urban, suburban, and rural communities. The point at which income‐achievement links plateau occurs later in the income distribution in less urbanized areas. The magnitude of the association between family income and reading and science skills also differs across the urban‐rural continuum, such that family income has stronger relations to reading and science achievement in urban cities and weaker links in suburban and rural communities.
On the Economic Geography of International Migration
Authors: Özden Çağlar , Parsons Christopher 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe exploit the bilateral and skill dimensions from recent data sets of international migration to test for the existence of Zipf's and Gibrat's laws in the context of aggregate and high‐skilled international immigration and emigration using graphical, parametric and non‐parametric analysis. The top tails of the distributions of aggregate and high‐skilled immigrants and emigrants adhere to a Pareto distribution with an exponent of unity, that is Zipf's law holds. We find some evidence in favour of Gibrat's law holding for immigration stocks, such that the growth in stocks is independent of their initial values and stronger evidence that immigration densities are diverging over time. Conversely, emigrant stocks are converging in the sense that countries with smaller emigrant stocks are growing faster than their larger sovereign counterparts. Lastly, high‐skilled immigration and emigration stocks expressed in levels or as densities all exhibit signs of convergence. We conclude by discussing some competing mechanisms that could be driving the observed patterns including differing fertility rates, reductions in emigration restrictions, migrant sorting and selective immigration policies, immigrant networks and persisting wage differentials.
Cardiorespiratory motion‐compensated micro‐CT image reconstruction using an artifact model‐based motion estimation
Authors: Brehm Marcus , Sawall Stefan , Maier Joscha , Sauppe Sebastian , Kachelrieß Marc 
Published: March 2015

Purpose:Cardiac in vivo micro‐CT imaging of small animals typically requires double gating due to long scan times and high respiratory rates. The simultaneous respiratory and cardiac gating can either be done prospectively or retrospectively. In any case, for true 5D imaging, i.e., three spatial dimensions plus one respiratory‐temporal dimension plus one cardiac temporal dimension, the amount of information corresponding to a given respiratory and cardiac phase is orders of magnitude lower than the total amount of information acquired. Achieving similar image quality for 5D than for usual 3D investigations would require increasing the amount of data and thus the applied dose to the animal. Therefore, the goal is phase‐correlated imaging with high image quality but without increasing the dose level.Methods:To achieve this, the authors propose a new image reconstruction algorithm that makes use of all available projection data, also of that corresponding to other motion windows. In particular, the authors apply a motion‐compensated image reconstruction approach that sequentially compensates for respiratory and cardiac motion to decrease the impact of sparsification. In that process, all projection data are used no matter which motion phase they were acquired in. Respiratory and cardiac motion are compensated for by using motion vector fields. These motion vector fields are estimated from initial phase‐correlated reconstructions based on a deformable registration approach. To decrease the sensitivity of the registration to sparse‐view artifacts, an artifact model‐based approach is used including a cyclic consistent nonrigid registration algorithm.Results:The preliminary results indicate that the authors’ approach removes the sparse‐view artifacts of conventional phase‐correlated reconstructions while maintaining temporal resolution. In addition, it achieves noise levels and spatial resolution comparable to that of nongated reconstructions due to the improved dose usage. By using the proposed motion estimation, no sensitivity to streaking artifacts has been observed.Conclusions:Using sequential double gating combined with artifact model‐based motion estimation allows to accurately estimate respiratory and cardiac motion from highly undersampled data. No sensitivity to streaking artifacts introduced by sparse angular sampling has been observed for the investigated dose levels. The motion‐compensated image reconstruction was able to correct for both, respiratory and cardiac motion, by applying the estimated motion vector fields. The administered dose per animal can thus be reduced for 5D imaging allowing for longitudinal studies at the highest image quality.
Nutrient Intake by Ultramarathon Runners: Can They Meet Recommendations?
Authors: Wardenaar Floris C. , Dijkhuizen Rianne , Ceelen Ingrid J.M. , Jonk Emma , De Vries Jeanne H.M. , Witkamp Renger F. , Mensink Marco 
Published: March 2015

Purpose:The objective of this study was to investigate whether ultramarathon runners were able to meet nutrition recommendations during a training period and on a competition day.Methods:In preparation for a 60 or 120 km ultramarathon covering a varied terrain, male and female ultramarathon runners (n = 68, age 46.5 ± 7.1 y) reported habitual dietary intake during three independent days using a web-based 24-hr recall and questionnaires. The diet was assessed using probability of inadequacy or by qualitative evaluation using reference dietary intakes or sports nutrition recommendations. A small group of 120 km runners (n = 4) was observed continuously during the race. After the race, 60 km runners (n = 41) received a questionnaire to assess dietary intake and gastrointestinal (GI) distress on the race day. Spearman rank correlation coefficients (r) were applied to investigate the association between intake and general GI distress symptoms.Results:In men and women, habitual mean carbohydrate (CHO) intake was lower than recommended, as was mean protein intake by women. CHO intake during the race was <60 g/h in 75% of the athletes. A large variation of nutrient and fluid intake was seen. GI distress during the race was reported in 82% of the runners; severe GI distress was low. In general, moderate, mostly negative, correlations with nutrient intake were seen for GI distress.Conclusions:Sports nutrition recommendations for the habitual diet were not achieved. During a competition day, a large variation was found in nutrient intake; this may be related to a high incidence of GI distress.
Draft Genome Sequences of
Sanguibacteroides justesenii
, gen. nov., sp. nov., Strains OUH 308042
T
(= ATCC BAA-2681
T
) and OUH 334697 (= ATCC BAA-2682), Isolated from Blood Cultures from Two Different Patients
Authors: Sydenham Thomas Vognbjerg , Hasman Henrik , Justesen Ulrik Stenz 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

We announce here the draft genome sequences of
Sanguibacteroides justesenii
, gen. nov., sp. nov., strains OUH 308042
T
(= DSM 28342
T
= ATCC BAA-2681
T
) and OUH 334697 (= DSM 28341 = ATCC BAA-2682), isolated from blood cultures from two different patients and composed of 51 and 39 contigs for totals of 3,385,516 and 3,410,672 bp, respectively.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Phenazine-Producing Pseudomonas fluorescens Strain 2-79
Authors: Nesemann Kai , Braus-Stromeyer Susanna A. , Thuermer Andrea , Daniel Rolf , Mavrodi Dmitri V. , Thomashow Linda S. , Weller David M. , Braus Gerhard H. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas fluorescens
strain 2-79, a natural isolate of the rhizosphere of wheat (
Triticum aestivum
L.), possesses antagonistic potential toward several fungal pathogens. We report the draft genome sequence of strain 2-79, which comprises 5,674 protein-coding sequences.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Beneficial Rhizobacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens DSM 8569, a Natural Isolate of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus)
Authors: Nesemann Kai , Braus-Stromeyer Susanna A. , Thuermer Andrea , Daniel Rolf , Braus Gerhard H. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas fluorescens
DSM 8569 represents a natural isolate of the rhizosphere of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in Germany and possesses antagonistic potential toward the fungal pathogen Verticillium. We report here the draft genome sequence of strain DSM 8569, which comprises 5,914 protein-coding sequences.
Complete Genome Sequences of Escherichia coli Strains 1303 and ECC-1470 Isolated from Bovine Mastitis
Authors: Leimbach Andreas , Poehlein Anja , Witten Anika , Scheutz Flemming , Schukken Ynte , Daniel Rolf , Dobrindt Ulrich 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli
is the leading causative agent of acute bovine mastitis. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
E. coli
O70:H32 strain 1303, isolated from an acute case of bovine mastitis, and
E. coli
Ont:Hnt strain ECC-1470, isolated from a persistent infection.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pedobacter sp. Strain NL19, a Producer of Potent Antibacterial Compounds
Authors: Santos Tiago , Cruz Andreia , Caetano Tânia , Covas Cláudia , Mendo Sónia 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT
Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Pedobacter sp. strain NL19. The genome has 5.99 Mbp and a G+C content of 39.0%. NL19 was isolated from sludge from an abandoned uranium mine in the north of Portugal, and it produces potent antibacterials against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Genome Sequence of Organophosphorus Pesticide-Degrading Bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri Strain YC-YH1
Authors: Shi Yan-hua , Ren Lei , Jia Yang , Yan Yan-chun 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas stutzeri
strain YC-YH1, isolated from pesticide-polluted soil, efficiently degrades organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) such as chlorpyrifos, parathion-methyl, triazophos, and parathion. Here, we report the genome sequence (4.83 Mb) of
P. stutzeri
YC-YH1 to facilitate further investigation of the OPP-degrading mechanism.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Deinococcus-Thermus Bacterium Meiothermus ruber Strain A
Authors: Thiel Vera , Tomsho Lynn P. , Burhans Richard , Gay Scott E. , Schuster Stephan C. , Ward David M. , Bryant Donald A. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

The draft genome sequence of the Deinococcus-Thermus group bacterium
Meiothermus ruber
strain A, isolated from a cyanobacterial enrichment culture obtained from Octopus Spring (Yellowstone National Park, WY), comprises 2,968,099 bp in 170 contigs. It is predicted to contain 2,895 protein-coding genes, 44 tRNA-coding genes, and 2 rRNA operons.
Draft Genome Sequence of Kitasatospora griseola Strain MF730-N6, a Bafilomycin, Terpentecin, and Satosporin Producer
Authors: Arens Jennifer C. , Haltli Brad , Kerr Russell G. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequence of
Kitasatospora griseola
strain MF730-N6, a known producer of bafilomycin, terpentecin, and satosporins. The current assembly comprises 8 contigs covering 7.97 Mb. Genome annotation revealed 7,225 protein coding sequences, 100 tRNAs, 40 rRNA genes, and 23 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters.
The effect of macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet on systemic inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes: a post hoc analysis of the MADIAB trial
Authors: Soare Andreea , Del Toro Rossella , Roncella Elena , Khazrai Yeganeh Manon , Angeletti Silvia , Dugo Laura , Fallucca Sara , Fontana Lucia , Altomare Maria , Formisano Valeria , Capata Francesca , Gesuita Rosaria , Manfrini Silvia , Fallucca Francesco , Pianesi Mario , Pozzilli Paolo 
Published: March 2015

IntroductionCurrent guidelines for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) emphasize diet as essential therapy. However, the effect of diet on systemic inflammation remains unclear. We investigated the effects of consuming a macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet versus a standard recommended diet (control diet) on markers of inflammation in patients with T2D.MethodsThis was a post hoc analysis of the MADIAB trial, a 21-day randomized controlled trial conducted in 51 patients (25 males and 26 females) with T2D. Patients were randomized 1:1 to the Ma-Pi 2 macrobiotic diet or a control diet based on dietary guidelines for T2D. Biological antioxidant potential of plasma and circulating levels of high-sensitivity C reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and insulin-like growth factor-1 were assessed.ResultsAfter 21 days on the Ma-Pi 2 or control diet, markers of inflammation were reduced in both groups. The antioxidant potential of plasma improved significantly in the Ma-Pi group. A significant reduction in insulin growth factor-1 was observed in the Ma-Pi group versus control group (p<0.001).ConclusionsFindings of this post hoc analysis demonstrated that the Ma-Pi 2 diet is a safe dietary strategy to reduce levels of the markers of insulin resistance and inflammation, compared with baseline values, in the short term. Furthermore, the Ma-Pi 2 diet was superior to the control diet in reducing insulin growth factor-1 and may be beneficial for patients with T2D.Trial registration numberCurrent Controlled TrialsISRCTN10467793.
Is exposure to e-cigarette communication associated with perceived harms of e-cigarette secondhand vapour? Results from a national survey of US adults
Authors: Tan Andy S L , Bigman Cabral A , Mello Susan , Sanders-Jackson Ashley 
Published: March 2015

ObjectivesE-cigarettes are frequently advertised and portrayed in the media as less harmful compared with regular cigarettes. Earlier surveys reported public perceptions of harms to people using e-cigarettes; however, public perceptions of harms from exposure to secondhand vapour (SHV) have not been studied. We examined associations between self-reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising, media coverage, and interpersonal discussion and perceived harms of SHV.DesignObservational study.SettingNational online sample of US adults aged ≥18 years.Participants1449 US adults (mean age 49.5 years), 51.3% female, 76.6% non-Hispanic Caucasian, 7.5% African-American, 10.0% Hispanic and 5.9% other races.OutcomesPerceived harm measures included (1) harmfulness of SHV to one's health, (2) concern about health impact of breathing SHV and (3) comparative harm of SHV versus secondhand smoke (SHS). Predictors were (1) self-reported frequency of exposure to e-cigarette advertising, media coverage and interpersonal discussion (close friends or family) and (2) perceived valence of exposure from each source. Covariates were demographic characteristics, cigarette smoking status and e-cigarette use, and were weighted to the general US adult population.ResultsMore frequent interpersonal discussion was associated with lower perceived harmfulness of SHV to one's health and lower perceived comparative harm of SHV versus SHS. Frequency of e-cigarette ad and other media exposure were not significant predictors. Perceived negative valence of ad exposure and interpersonal discussion (vs no exposure) was associated with higher perceived harm across all three outcomes, while negative valence of media coverage was associated with higher concern about health impact of breathing SHV. Perceived positive valence (vs no exposure) of interpersonal discussion was associated with lower perceived harm across all three outcomes about health impact of breathing SHV.ConclusionsExposure to information about e-cigarettes through advertising, media coverage and interpersonal discussion could play a role in shaping public perceptions of the harmfulness of SHV.
Accuracy of popular media reporting on tobacco cessation therapy in substance abuse and mental health populations
Authors: Krauth David , Apollonio Dorie 
Published: March 2015

BackgroundTobacco cessation therapy is not consistently provided for alcohol, drug abuse and mental health (ADM) populations, despite the enormous health consequences of tobacco addiction in these groups and research supporting the effectiveness of treatment. Policymakers, however, tend to rely on popular media reports rather than the scientific literature in regulating treatment. Our goal was to determine whether popular reporting accurately reflects findings from the scientific literature on tobacco cessation treatment for ADM populations in treatment.MethodsWe compared the results of systematic reviews on tobacco cessation therapy published before 2004 with articles published in traditional media and on the internet over the following 8 years. We searched LexisNexis and Google and assessed them using the Index of Scientific Quality (ISQ).ResultsWe found that popular reporting on this topic was consistent with findings reported in contemporaneous scientific literature. Our results suggest that the failure to consistently provide tobacco cessation therapy to ADM populations in treatment is not due to poor research translation.ConclusionsOur findings also suggest that in this topic area, scientific research findings have diffused relatively quickly. Further study of journalism in this area may suggest new strategies for effective translation of scientific findings into popular reporting on tobacco control.