bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the irreducibility of locally metric connections
Authors: Belgun Florin , Moroianu Andrei 
Published: February 2014

Abstract

A locally metric connection on a smooth manifold M is a torsion-free
connection D on T
M with
compact restricted holonomy group

Hol
0

(
D
)

$\mathrm {Hol}_0(D)$

.
If the holonomy representation of such a connection is irreducible,
then D preserves a conformal structure on M. Under some natural
geometric assumption on the life-time of incomplete geodesics, we
prove that conversely, a locally metric connection D preserving a
conformal structure on a compact manifold M has irreducible holonomy
representation, unless

Hol
0

(
D
)

=
0

$\mathrm {Hol}_0(D)=0$

or D is the
Levi-Civita connection of a Riemannian metric
on M. This result generalizes Gallot's theorem on the
irreducibility of Riemannian cones to a much wider class of connections. As
an application, we give the geometric description of compact conformal manifolds carrying a tame
closed Weyl connection with non-generic holonomy.
Cohen–Lenstra heuristics and random matrix theory over finite fields
Authors: Fulman Jason 
Published: February 2014

Abstract.
Let g be a random element of a finite classical group G, and let λ
z-1(g) denote the
partition corresponding to the polynomial z - 1 in the rational canonical form of g. As the rank of G tends to infinity, λ
z-1(g) tends to a partition distributed according to a Cohen–Lenstra type measure on partitions. We give sharp upper and lower bounds on the total variation distance between the random partition λ
z-1(g) and the Cohen–Lenstra type measure.
Incorporation Rules
Authors: Ayal Adi , Rotem Yaad 
Published: February 2014

AbstractFollowing Calabresi and Melamed, legal theory has employed the property rule/liability rule distinction in order to hone our understanding of existing norms, as well as suggest new ones. This paper suggests an addition to the pantheon in the form of a protocol that we call an “Incorporation Rule”. It is a novel mechanism allowing private parties and courts to combine property rule and liability rule protection where both apply to the same entitlement. Incorporation Rules allow for separating the effects of intertwined property and liability rules, focusing on ex-ante voluntary determination of levels of protection usually adjudicated ex-post. Under the protocol, the entitlement is transferred to a special-purpose corporate vehicle, which then issues tailor-made securities to the owner of the entitlement and to the potential buyer or rivalrous user. In this manner, the entitlement is split along the contours of three basic corporate instruments – heterogeneous capital structure, separation of ownership and control, and an independent legal personality. By relying on these known-and-tested corporate mechanisms, risk and transaction costs are minimized, enforcement is improved, and heterogeneous preferences of individuals can be accommodated. The Incorporation Rule protocol thus allows for flexibility in protecting entitlements while facilitating efficient exchange.
Media and Democracy: An Investigation on the Role of Journalist as Mediator
Authors: Gingras Anne-Marie 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThis paper aims to assess the socio-political role of journalists through a conceptual approach linking media and democracy and through an analysis of data from an investigation of journalists’ commitment to democracy that was conducted from the summer of 2008 to the spring of 2010. Our study is founded on the dichotomy between an active role for the media and an instrumental one in the face of the political system, and this dichotomy is applied to journalists. We believe that the media and journalists function as “mediators” in liberal societies, that is, as individual or collective agents through whom explicit or implicit messages pass. These agents add a layer of meaning by various methods, which include the selection of news, the ordering of issues and the framing of individuals or events.
Reference-tracking: description and explanation
Authors: Comrie Bernard 
Published: February 2014

SummaryVarious typologically recurrent properties of reference-tracking systems can be given a coherent explanatory account in terms of functional, rather than formal criteria. Two principles in particular are proposed, namely that coreference is more likely to be marked than non-coreference in local domains (e.g. the arguments of a single predicate), whereas non-coreference is more likely to be marked than coreference in extended domains (e.g. across clause boundaries). For the former principle a cognitive explanation is proposed, while it is suggested that the latter principle has a discourse basis.
Einsatz des Ultraschalls zur Untersuchung artikulatorischer Zungenbewegungen am Beispiel des spanischen Multivibranten [rr]
Authors: Neuschaefer Ch. , Matern G. , Ballerò Flores V. , Fehrmann G. 
Published: February 2014

ZusammenfassungAm Beispiel eines Muttersprachlers wird demonstriert, daß der Ultraschall geeignet ist, den Bewegungsumfang, die Bewegungsfrequenz und den Ablauf der Schwingungsbewegung der Zunge bei der Bildung des komplexen spanischen Multivibranten [rr] in verschiedenen phonotaktischen Kontexten in Echtzeit darzustellen. Hierzu wurden ein Sektorschallkopf während der Lautbildung submental positioniert und die Zungenbewegungen im sogenannten M-Mode videodokumentiert. Die Analyse der Lexeme des Corpus erfolgte sowohl einzelwort- als auch satzbezogen. Die Untersuchung ergab, daß der Multivibrant durch 3 bis 6 Zungenschwingungen bei einer Frequenz von 24-34 Hz ausgeführt wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine statistisch signifikant größere Gesamtdauer und Anzahl der Zungenschwingungen bei Anlauten im Gegensatz zu Inlauten, wohingegen sich die Schwingungsfrequenzen statistisch nicht unterschieden.
Deterioration and recovery of electrical conductivity during fatigue testing of stretchable wires printed onto fabrics using Ag-loaded electrically conductive pastes
Authors: Inoue Masahiro , Tada Yasunori , Itabashi Yosuke , Tokumaru Tomohiro 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTStretchable wires were printed on fabrics using an acrylic-based paste loaded with Ag flakes, and their fatigue properties examined. The electrical conductivity of the wires significantly decreased during a cyclic tensile test, because of a decrease in their elastic moduli (Mullins softening) as well as fatigue cracking. Because the electrical resistance and elastic moduli of the damaged samples were partially recovered by annealing at 100 °C, fatigue damage introduced to the wires was divided into reversible and irreversible components, where cracking is the irreversible damage. Although crack bridging by fibrils could occur during the fatigue test, no crack healing was observed during annealing. In contrast, fatigue damage from Mullins softening of the wires could be recovered during annealing. The recovery of electrical conductivity occurs mostly in the initial stage of rearrangement of polymer structure during annealing.
Treating Tongue-Tie: Assessing the Relationship Between Frenotomy and Breastfeeding Symptoms
Authors: Ochi James W. 
Published: February 2014

Objective: Ankyloglossia (or “tongue-tie”) may increase the risk for newborn breastfeeding symptoms. Lingual frenotomy is the standard treatment for ankyloglossia, but its efficacy at improving the quality of infant breastfeeding has received little formal study.
We developed an original 10-question survey of mother and newborn breastfeeding symptoms that are typically observed with ankyloglossia. Possible survey scores ranged from 10 (minimal breastfeeding symptoms) to a maximum of 50 (extreme symptoms). We predicted that survey scores should decrease after lingual frenotomy.Method: The survey was administered to mothers of 20 newborns with ankyloglossia, before lingual frenotomy, and about 2 weeks after. The control group consisted of 15 breastfeeding dyads recruited from a breastfeeding support group who filled out the survey twice at 2-week intervals. A 2 × 2 mixed-methods ANOVA was conducted to test for an interaction between group and time.Results: Post hoc analysis of simple effects provided evidence that (a) the frenotomy group had higher survey scores than the control group before intervention and (b) the frenotomy-group survey scores decreased after the intervention. No significant score differences were observed between the frenotomy and control groups after the intervention, and the control group scores did not show a statistically significant decrease over time.Conclusions: The study provides preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of lingual frenotomy for reducing breastfeeding symptoms associated with ankyloglossia. Furthermore, the study suggests that the use of surveys, such as the one in this study, may help with assessment for ankyloglossia.
Does Lanolin Use Increase the Risk for Infection in Breastfeeding Women?
Authors: Sasaki Bethany Certa , Pinkerton Katrina , Leipelt Angelia 
Published: February 2014

Background: Use of lanolin has become a breastfeeding cultural norm, although the evidence is conflicting on its safety and efficacy. Little to no evidence is available on the relationship between lanolin and infection.Methods: This is a feasibility study, using case-control,
retrospective chart review, examining lanolin use and the development signs and symptoms of nipple or breast infection in breastfeeding mothers with nipple pain. Fungal infection versus bacterial infection was suspected according to the corresponding effective treatment.Results:
Lanolin users were suspected to have a 62% infection rate, as compared to non-lanolin users at 18%, odds ratio = 7.5 (95% CI = 2.4–23.4). Although not significant, fungal infection may be more frequent than bacterial infection based on effective corresponding treatment. Conclusion:
A randomized controlled trial is called for to determine if frequent lanolin use increases the risk of nipple or breast infection.
The Moderating Effect of Prior Sales Changes on Asymmetric Cost Behavior
Authors: Banker Rajiv D. , Byzalov Dmitri , Ciftci Mustafa , Mashruwala Raj 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACT
Recent research documents the empirical phenomenon of “sticky costs” and attributes it to a theory of deliberate managerial decisions in the presence of adjustment costs. We refine this theoretical explanation and show that it gives rise to a more complex pattern of asymmetric cost behavior that combines two opposing processes: cost stickiness conditional on a prior sales increase, and cost anti-stickiness conditional on a prior sales decrease. These predictions reflect the structure of optimal decisions with adjustment costs and the impact of prior sales changes on managers' expectations about future sales changes. Empirical estimates for Compustat data support our hypotheses. We further verify our predictions using additional proxies for managers' expectations, and show that our model offers important new insights.
JEL Classifications: D24; M41.
Hockey Concussion Education Project, Part 2. Microstructural white matter alterations in acutely concussed ice hockey players: a longitudinal free-water MRI study
Authors: Pasternak Ofer , Koerte Inga K. , Bouix Sylvain , Fredman Eli , Sasaki Takeshi , Mayinger Michael , Helmer Karl G. , Johnson Andrew M. , Holmes Jeffrey D. , Forwell Lorie A. , Skopelja Elaine N. , Shenton Martha E. , Echlin Paul S. 
Published: February 2014

Object
Concussion is a common injury in ice hockey and a health problem for the general population. Traumatic axonal injury has been associated with concussions (also referred to as mild traumatic brain injuries), yet the pathological course that leads from injury to recovery or to long-term sequelae is still not known. This study investigated the longitudinal course of concussion by comparing diffusion MRI (dMRI) scans of the brains of ice hockey players before and after a concussion.

Methods
The 2011–2012 Hockey Concussion Education Project followed 45 university-level ice hockey players (both male and female) during a single Canadian Interuniversity Sports season. Of these, 38 players had usable dMRI scans obtained in the preseason. During the season, 11 players suffered a concussion, and 7 of these 11 players had usable dMRI scans that were taken within 72 hours of injury. To analyze the data, the authors performed free-water imaging, which reflects an increase in specificity over other dMRI analysis methods by identifying alterations that occur in the extracellular space compared with those that occur in proximity to cellular tissue in the white matter. They used an individualized approach to identify alterations that are spatially heterogeneous, as is expected in concussions.

Results
Paired comparison of the concussed players before and after injury revealed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) common pattern of reduced free-water volume and reduced axial diffusivity and fractional anisotropy following elimination of freewater. These free-water–corrected measures are less affected by partial volumes containing extracellular water and are therefore more specific to processes that occur within the brain tissue. Fractional anisotropy was significantly increased, but this change was no longer significant following the free-water elimination.

Conclusions
Concussion during ice hockey games results in microstructural alterations that are detectable using dMRI. The alterations that the authors found suggest decreased extracellular space and decreased diffusivities in white matter tissue. This finding might be explained by axonal injury and/or by increased cellularity of glia cells. Even though these findings in and of themselves cannot determine whether the observed microstructural alterations are related to long-term pathology or persistent symptoms, they are important nonetheless because they establish a clearer picture of how the brain responds to concussion.
The evolution of sex ratio differences and inflorescence architectures in Begonia (Begoniaceae)
Authors: Twyford Alex D. , Ennos Richard A. , White Chris D. , Ali Mobina Shaukat , Kidner Catherine A. 
Published: February 2014

• Premise of the study: A major benefit conferred by monoecy is the ability to alter floral sex ratio in response to selection. In monoecious species that produce flowers of a given sex at set positions on the inflorescence, floral sex ratio may be related to inflorescence architecture. We studied the loci underlying differences in inflorescence architecture between two monoecious Begonia species and related this to floral sex ratios.• Methods: We performed trait comparisons and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping in a segregating backcross population between Central American Begonia plebeja and B. conchifolia. We focused on traits related to inflorescence architecture, sex ratios, and other reproductive traits.• Key results: The inflorescence branching pattern of B. conchifolia was more asymmetric than B. plebeja, which in turn affects the floral sex ratio. Colocalizing QTLs of moderate effect influenced both the number of male flowers and the fate decisions of axillary meristems, demonstrating the close link between inflorescence architecture and sex ratio. Additional QTLs were found for stamen number (30% variance explained, VE) and pollen sterility (12.3% VE).• Conclusions: One way in which Begonia species develop different floral sex ratios is through modifications of their inflorescence architecture. The potential pleiotropic action of QTL on inflorescence branching and floral sex ratios may have major implications for trait evolution and responses to selection. The presence of a single QTL of large effect on stamen number may allow rapid divergence for this key floral trait. We propose candidate loci for stamen number and inflorescence branching for future characterization.
Mature beech trees (Fagus grandifolia; Fagaceae) are persistently clonal in coves and beech gaps in the Great Smoky Mountains
Authors: Morris Ashley B. , Millsaps Nicole K. , Mason Kelsi Q. , Howell Jacquelyn S. , Speer James H. 
Published: February 2014

• Premise of the study: Angiosperms frequently have mixed sexual and asexual reproductive strategies, which can have significant consequences for population and community structure. Many tree species respond to disturbance by vegetative sprouting over sexual reproduction, but the ability to do so varies within and among species and is poorly studied. We tested the hypothesis that root sprouting in Fagus grandifolia is more important in high‐elevation beech forests (extreme environmental conditions), relative to lower‐elevation cove hardwood forests (optimal environmental conditions), in Great Smoky Mountains National Park.• Methods: Four cove hardwood and two high‐elevation beech gap forests were sampled. Fagus grandifolia trees were tagged, mapped, and genotyped at each site using six nuclear microsatellite loci. A subset of trees was cored to determine minimum ages of identified clonal lineages. Relationships between measures of clonal richness, diameter, forest type, and elevation were compared by nonparametric analyses.• Key results: Five of six sites were highly dependent on sprouting; one site was entirely dependent on reproduction by seed. Clonal richness did not differ significantly by forest type or elevation, but differed significantly from previously published work. Tree diameter was significant by elevation and significant between the present study and previously published work.• Conclusions: The results of this study in the context of previously published work suggest that relatively recent recruits may be more likely to reflect both sexual and asexual strategies, whereas mature F. grandifolia may be more likely to be the result of persistent clonal lineages.
De la distinction à la diversité culturelle. Éclectismes qualitatifs, reconnaissance culturelle et jugement d'amateur
Authors: Glevarec Hervé , Pinet Michel 
Published: February 2014

Depuis les années 1960, le développement du champ culturel et les changements de la signification des pratiques culturelles ont affaibli la légitimité culturelle de la haute culture et produit un éclectisme culturel, notamment des catégories diplômées, en direction des genres contemporains. Dans le prolongement d’une modélisation dite de la « tablature », cet article se propose de mettre à l’épreuve le lien ainsi tissé entre catégories diplômées ou supérieures – les plus éclectiques – et champ des pratiques couvertes. Il s’appuie sur une exploitation raisonnée de l’enquête Pratiques culturelles des Français de 2008 en recourant à une classification hiérarchique portant sur la population des personnes éclectiques sur le plan culturel. L’analyse statistique montre la diversité qualitative des formes d’éclectismes. Ainsi permet-elle d’engager une discussion sur les liens entre structure positionnelle et portefeuille de goûts et entre légitimité sociale et légitimité culturelle. Nous prônons un changement de modèle, de la distinction à la diversité culturelle, au nom de la différenciation des éclectismes, de l’argument de reconnaissance culturelle des genres artistiques et d’un régime de consommation ni ascétique, ni méprisant.
Une grande stèle funéraire hellénistique recomposée de Kymè d'Éolide (Turquie)
Authors: Pace Rossella 
Published: February 2014

Au cours de sondages effectués en 2007 par la Mission archéologique italienne de Kymè d’Éolide dans la nécropole sud-est, une stèle funéraire, lacunaire dans sa partie gauche, a été découverte. Une étude attentive a permis d’identifier la partie manquante, un fragment de stèle figurée trouvé sur le site dans les années 1950-1960. Recomposé, le relief funéraire s’avère être un des plus grands et complexes de l’Asie Mineure pour l’époque hellénistique. Son originalité vient du nombre élevé de personnages qu’elle comporte (une femme, deux hommes et cinq serviteurs) et de la profusion d’éléments iconographiques liés à la représentation de leur statut et à la sphère funéraire.
Le corps politique pris de panique. Penser les liens civils depuis le transfert
Authors: Nioche Claire 
Published: February 2014

Cet article se propose, à la frontière de la psychanalyse et du politique, de questionner la métaphore du « corps politique ». Désidéaliser le corps politique permet de dégager l’espace d’une pratique dans le transfert qui se maintienne dans une distance avec les enjeux de la souveraineté et du pouvoir. Cette distance est l’affaire du psychanalyste : c’est une affaire éthique et politique. L’expérience singulière d’un atelier d’écriture dans un hôpital psychiatrique parisien illustre la possibilité de créer du lien autre et multiple, à l’intérieur même d’un dispositif institutionnel fermé.
Depuis la guerre 1939-1945, des lieux pour enfants perdus
Authors: Capul Maurice 
Published: February 2014

Lors de la débâcle de mai-juin 1940, de nombreux enfants et adolescents, séparés de leurs familles, sont « égarés ». De nouvelles structures d’accueil, souvent d’initiative privée, voient le jour. Tels les centres d’observation. Effort qui se poursuivra durant l’immédiat après-guerre et les deux décennies suivantes. Dans la plupart de ces internats, l’accent est mis sur une pédagogie de groupe vue comme moyen de socialisation. Un autre courant, très minoritaire, apparaît au début des années 1950 : essayant de combiner les approches de l’éducation nouvelle, de la psychanalyse et de la psychologie de groupe. Les itep sont-ils les lointains héritiers de ces divers mouvements ?
L'avenir d'une désillusion
Authors: Bensidoun Bernard 
Published: February 2014

Les problématiques narcissiques induisent des difficultés spécifiques en institution ( itep ) : agirs, urgence des situations, abolition des processus de pensée, système paradoxal. La place tierce de l’analyste permet de décrypter ces inductions mortifères, assignant ce dernier à une nouvelle place au sein de l’institution.
Quelques questions autour de la scène de la violence en itep
Authors: Blanchard Guy 
Published: February 2014

Les actions éducatives, pédagogiques et de soin en itep ne paraissent-elles pas quelquefois participer plutôt d’une superposition de prestations en recherche permanente de convergence que d’une synergie stratégique ? Les établissements du social et du médicosocial ne devraient-ils pas intégrer au concept général de management participatif le besoin spécifique de constitution d’un pacte institutionnel ? Cette fondation instituante n’est-elle pas, au-delà de son lien à un dispositif de la République, ce qui pourrait faire justement institution aux yeux de l’usager de l’ itep ?
Objets mésinscrits, sujets mésinscrits
Authors: Henri Alain-Noël , Grimaud Lin 
Published: February 2014

Le concept de mésinscription peut contribuer à l’élaboration des pratiques en itep en mettant en cause des évidences reçues à l’égard des objets de ces pratiques, qui tendent à occulter leur réalité de sujets. Et ce de deux façons au moins : en contribuant à rappeler que les « pathologies » qu’on tend à n’imputer qu’à des processus intrapsychiques s’organisent dans un système de liens où l’échec de l’affiliation, en particulier, ne laisse plus au sujet d’autre issue que l’acte (Lin Grimaud) ; et en rappelant aux praticiens que l’apparente objectivité du regard sur les objets de soin recouvre un trouble, voire une terreur à leur égard, qui est le véritable moteur du processus social qui les a fait basculer dans un « traitement » spécialisé, et dont aucun acteur de terrain n’est indemne sans un difficile travail d’élaboration (Alain-Noël Henri).