bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward a core outcome set for faecal incontinence—A systematic review of outcomes reported in the literature
Authors: Assmann Sadé L. , Mulders Evy , Kimman Merel L. , Keszthelyi Daniel , Breukink Stephanie O. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimFaecal incontinence (FI) is a prevalent issue which can have a detrimental impact on the patient's quality of life. Current international guidelines lack strong treatment recommendations due to few studies in the field, in combination with the heterogeneity in outcome reporting. To address this, a core outcome set (COS) is proposed to standardize outcome reporting in FI studies, facilitating meta‐analyses and enhancing therapeutic recommendations. Through several steps outlined by COMET ‘what’ to measure will be determined prior to determining ‘how’ to measure these outcomes. This systematic review aims to identify ‘what’ outcomes have been used in FI intervention studies so far in adult patients as a starting phase for the development of a future COS for FI.MethodMedline, Embase and the Cochrane library were searched to identify all outcomes reported in comparative effectiveness trials assessing one or more treatment option in adult patients suffering from FI. The outcomes were categorized according to the Core Outcome Measurement in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) taxonomy to standardize outcome terminology, assess completeness, and inform subsequent steps in COS development.ResultsA total of 109 studies were included, which revealed 51 unique outcomes classified into 38 domains within four core areas. On average four outcomes were reported per study (range 1–11). The most commonly reported outcomes were “severity of FI” (83%), “quality of life” (64%), “number of FI episodes” (40%), “anorectal motor function” (39%), and “frequency of bowel movements” (16%).ConclusionThis systematic review offers an overview of outcomes reported in FI studies, highlighting the heterogeneity between studies. This heterogeneity emphasizes the need for standardizing outcome reporting which can be established through the creation of a COS.
MCL restrained ROS/AKT/ASAH1 pathway to therapy tamoxifen resistance breast cancer by stabilizing NRF2
Authors: Han Xiao , Zhang Yupeng , Li Yin , Lin Zhoujun , Fu Zhenkun , Wang Changjun , Zhang Shengjie , Shao Di , Li Chenggang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTamoxifen resistance is a common and difficult problem in the clinical treatment of breast cancer (BC). As a novel antitumor agent, Micheliolide (MCL) has shown a better therapeutic effect on tumours; however, little is known about MCL and its role in BC therapy. With tamoxifen stimulation, drug‐resistant BC cells MCF7TAMR and T47DTAMR obtained a high oxidative status and Amidohydrolase 1 (ASAH1) was abnormally activated. The inhibition of ASAH1 rescued the sensitivity of resistant cells to tamoxifen. We found that MCL inhibited the expression of ASAH1 and cell proliferation, especially in MCF7TAMR and T47DTAMR cells. The high oxidative stress status of resistant cells stimulated the expression of ASAH1 by positively regulating AKT, which was restrained by MCL. MCL activated NRF2 by directly binding to KEAP1 and promoting the antioxidant level of tamoxifen‐resistant (TAMR) cells. In addition, ACT001, the prodrug of MCL, significantly inhibited the tumour growth of TAMR cells in preclinical xenograft tumour models. In conclusion, ASAH1 mediates tamoxifen resistance in ER‐positive BC cells. MCL could activate the cellular antioxidant system via NRF2/KEAP1 and inhibit ASAH1 expression through the ROS/AKT signalling pathway, thus suppressing cell proliferation. MCL could be used as a potential treatment for TAMR‐BC.
Dependency in the Digital Age? The Experience of Mercado Libre in Latin America
Authors: Franco Sebastián Fernández , Graña Juan M. , Rikap Cecilia 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis article uses Mercado Libre, the leading digital platform company in Latin America, as an illustrative case to analyse the effect of regional platforms on development, by considering their interplay with both global leaders and local actors. Building on dependency theory, the article identifies the company's structural dependence on algorithms and computing power provided by the largest information technology (Big Tech) companies in the United States. Nonetheless, it also finds that Mercado Libre is at the frontier in applied data analysis solutions tailored for its businesses. Together with a privileged access to personalized and cross‐fertilized market and financial datasets, the company's internal and purchassed technologies are the source of asymmetric relationships with its platforms’ users. The article conceptualizes Mercado Libre's place in digital capitalism as extractivist with local actors and, just like local elites when dependency theory was first formulated, it is complicit with global powers. But, unlike those elite firms, it is not technologically laggard, and its value capture is underpinned by its technological advantage. Thus, this article conceptualizes (digital) dependency as multiple layers of economic power in which leading firms from the peripheries occupy intermediate and interconnecting positions. It shows that, while these regional leaders operate at the technological frontier, economic power relations based on technological asymmetries remain crucial for studying underdevelopment.
Differences in imeglimin response in subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes stratified by data‐driven cluster analysis: A post‐hoc analysis of imeglimin clinical trial data
Authors: Hagi Katsuhiko , Kochi Kenji , Watada Hirotaka , Kaku Kohei , Ueki Kohjiro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo explore differences in imeglimin response among type 2 diabetes (T2D) patient clusters using data‐driven cluster analysis.MethodsData‐driven cluster analysis (non‐hierarchical k‐means clustering) was performed on randomized, double‐blind, imeglimin monotherapy and adjunctive (to insulin) therapy trials based on four baseline variables: (1) disease duration; (2) body mass index (BMI); (3) HbA1c; and (4a) homeostatic model assessment of β‐cell function (HOMA‐β) (monotherapy trials) or (4b) insulin total daily dose (adjunctive trial).ResultsFour clusters were identified with distinct clinical characteristics in both monotherapy (1‐4) and adjunctive therapy (I‐IV) trials; clusters 1 and I had lower values across all four indices versus the overall population, clusters 2 and II had a longer diabetes duration, cluster 3 had higher baseline BMI and HOMA‐β, and cluster III had higher baseline BMI and insulin total daily dose, while clusters 4 and IV had higher baseline HbA1c. Between‐group differences in HbA1c change (95% confidence interval) and effect size (ES) at week 24 varied considerably by cluster (cluster 1: −0.82 [−1.00, −0.63], ES = 1.47; cluster 2: −0.64 [−0.89, −0.39], ES = 1.18; cluster 3: −0.86 [−1.38, −0.33], ES = 0.84; cluster 4: −1.27 [−1.73, −0.82], ES = 1.44). For imeglimin adjunctive therapy, HbA1c improvements were significant versus placebo at week 16, excluding cluster III (cluster I: −0.63 [−0.95, −0.31], ES = 0.88; cluster II: −0.66 [−1.02, −0.30], ES = 1.13; cluster III: −0.31 [−0.73, 0.11], ES = 0.46; cluster IV: −0.82 [−1.29, −0.35], ES = 0.99).ConclusionsDifferences in imeglimin response were observed among T2D patient clusters. Patient stratification may help with selection of those most probable to respond to imeglimin.
Comparative efficacy and safety of weekly tirzepatide versus weekly insulin in type 2 diabetes: A network meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Ayesh Hazem , Suhail Sajida , Ayesh Suhail , Niswender Kevin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo compare the efficacy and safety profiles of recent innovations in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which include once‐weekly formulations such as tirzepatide, a dual glucagon‐like peptide‐1 and glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonist, and once‐weekly insulin options such as icodec and basal insulin Fc.MethodsA systematic search of the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases was conducted. The network meta‐analysis protocol was registered at OSF registries (https://osf.io/gd67x). The primary outcome of interest was change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), with change in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body weight, incidence of hypoglycaemia, and treatment discontinuation as secondary outcomes.ResultsTirzepatide exhibited superior efficacy in reducing HbA1c levels compared with insulin therapies, with the 15‐mg dose showing the most significant reduction (mean difference [MD] −1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.49; −1.0). In terms of FPG reduction, tirzepatide 15 mg ranked highest (MD −0.70, 95% CI −1.05; −0.34), followed by tirzepatide 10 mg and 5 mg. Additionally, tirzepatide led to substantial weight loss, with the 15‐mg dose exhibiting the most pronounced effect (MD −12.13, 95% CI −13.98; −10.27). However, a higher incidence of adverse events (AEs) and treatment discontinuation were associated with tirzepatide, particularly at higher doses.ConclusionTirzepatide, particularly at higher doses, demonstrates superior efficacy in lowering HbA1c and reducing hypoglycaemia risk compared with weekly insulin. However, its use is also associated with a higher incidence of AEs and treatment discontinuation.
Effects of light‐intensity physical activity on cardiometabolic parameters in young adults with overweight and obesity: The SED‐ACT randomized controlled crossover trial
Authors: Hoffmann Sascha W. , Schierbauer Janis , Zimmermann Paul , Voit Thomas , Grothoff Auguste , Wachsmuth Nadine , Rössler Andreas , Lackner Helmut K. , Moser Othmar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsTo investigate how a change in body position with light‐intensity physical activity (PA) ‘snacks’ (LIPAS, alternate sitting and standing, walking or standing continuously) compared with uninterrupted prolonged sitting affects glucose metabolism and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in young adults with overweight and obesity.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a four‐arm randomized controlled crossover trial. The following conditions were tested during an 8‐h simulated workday: uninterrupted prolonged sitting (SIT), alternate sitting and standing (SIT‐STAND; 2.5 h total), continuous standing (STAND), and continuous walking (1.0 mph; WALK). The primary outcome was to investigate how a change in body position (alternate sitting and standing, walking or standing continuously) compared with uninterrupted sitting affects mean 8‐h glucose metabolism. Secondary outcomes included the effects on 2‐h postprandial glucose concentrations, as well as on 8‐h/24‐h heart rate and HRV parameters, in the respective study arms. Capillary blood samples were drawn from an hyperemised earlobe in the fasted state and once every hour during each trial intervention by puncturing the earlobe with a lancet and collecting 20 μL of blood (Biosen S‐Line Lab+; EKF diagnostics, Barleben, Germany). HRV was assessed for 24 h including the 8‐h intervention phase, and a home phase by means of a Holter electrocardiogram. All participants received the same standardized non‐relativised breakfast and lunch during the four trial visits.ResultsSeventeen individuals (eight women, mean age 23.4 ± 3.3 years, body mass index 29.7 ± 3.8 kg/m2, glycated haemoglobin level 34.8 ± 3.1 mmol/mol [5.4 ± 0.3%], body fat 31.8 ± 8.2%) completed all four trial arms. Compared with SIT (89.4 ± 6.8 mg/dL), 8‐h mean glucose was lower in all other conditions (p < 0.05) and this was statistically significant compared with WALK (86.3 ± 5.2 mg/dL; p = 0.034). Two‐hour postprandial glucose after breakfast was approximately 7% lower for WALK compared with SIT (p = 0.002). Furthermore, significant time × condition effects on HRV parameters favouring light‐intensity walking were observed (p < 0.001).ConclusionsReplacement and interruption of prolonged sitting with light‐intensity walking showed a significant blood glucose‐lowering effect and improved HRV during an 8‐h work environment in young adults with overweight and obesity.
Emerging clinical role of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibition–Part two: Current and emerging concepts in the clinical use of PCSK9 inhibition
Authors: Cao Zhang Alexander M. , Ziogos Efthymios , Harb Tarek , Gerstenblith Gary , Leucker Thorsten M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors have emerged as a novel class of drugs with cardioprotective effects through their lipid‐lowering effects.ObjectiveThis review aims to discuss existing and novel strategies of PCSK9 inhibition, providing an overview of established randomized controlled trials and ongoing outcome trials that assess the efficacy and long‐term safety of PCSK9 inhibitors. It also explores the evolving role of PCSK9 beyond lipid metabolism and outlines the pleiotropic actions of PCSK9 inhibition in various disorders and future directions including novel strategies to target PCSK9.ConclusionPCSK9 inhibition shows promise not only in lipid metabolism but also in other disease processes, including atherosclerotic plaque remodeling, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, inflammation, and immune response.
Preprocedural assessment of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Rationale and design of the EASE‐IT CT registry
Authors: Mascherbauer Julia , Rudolph Tanja , Strauch Justus T. , Seiffert Moritz , Bleiziffer Sabine , Bartko Philipp Emanuel , Zielinski Marie , Vijayan Anjaly , Bramlage Peter , Hengstenberg Christian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundInvasive coronary angiography (ICA) is the standard for pre‐procedural assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). However, it requires hospitalization and can be associated with complications. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) may be a viable alternative to rule out prognostically relevant CAD.MethodsThe EASE‐IT CT Registry is an investigator‐initiated, prospective, observational, multicentre pilot registry involving patients aged ≥75 years with severe aortic stenosis (AS) intended to implant a transcatheter heart valve (THV) of the SAPIEN family. A total of 150 patients will be recruited from four sites in Germany and Austria. The registry will consist of two prospective cohorts: the investigational CTA‐only cohort and the CTA + ICA control cohort. The CTA‐only cohort will enrol 100 patients in whom significant (≥50%) left main (LM) and/or proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD) stenosis are ruled out on CTA. The CTA + ICA control cohort will enrol 50 patients who have undergone both CTA and ICA before TAVI and in whom ≥50% LM/proximal LAD stenosis has been ruled out by CTA. Three composite endpoints will be assessed at 3 months post‐TAVI: CAD‐specific endpoints, VARC‐3‐defined device success and early safety.ConclusionThe EASE‐IT CT Registry evaluates whether TAVI can be carried out safely without performing ICA if prognostically relevant CAD of the LM/proximal LAD is ruled out with CTA. If so, the omission of ICA would help streamline the pre‐procedural workup of TAVI patients.
Facial emotion recognition: A comprehensive review
Authors: Kaur Manmeet , Kumar Munish 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFacial emotion recognition (FER) represents a significant outcome of the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology. In today's digital era, the ability to decipher emotions from facial expressions has evolved into a fundamental mode of human interaction and communication. As a result, FER has penetrated diverse domains, including but not limited to medical diagnosis, customer feedback analysis, the automation of automobile driver systems, and the evaluation of student comprehension. Furthermore, it has matured into a captivating and dynamic research field, capturing the attention and curiosity of contemporary scholars and scientists. The primary objective of this paper is to provide an exhaustive review of FER systems. Its significance goes beyond offering a comprehensive resource; it also serves as a valuable guide for emerging researchers in the FER domain. Through a meticulous examination of existing FER systems and methodologies, this review equips them with essential insights and guidance for their future research pursuits. Moreover, this comprehensive review contributes to the expansion of their knowledge base, facilitating a profound understanding of this rapidly evolving field. In a world increasingly dependent on technology for communication and interaction, the study of FER holds a pivotal role in human‐computer interaction (HCI). It not only provides valuable insights but also unlocks a multitude of possibilities for future innovations and applications. As we continue to integrate AI and facial emotion recognition into our daily lives, the importance of comprehending and enhancing FER systems becomes increasingly evident. This paper serves as a stepping stone for researchers, nurturing their involvement in this exciting and ever‐evolving field.
Modelling decisions and density dependence in monarch butterflies: A comment on Meehan and Crossley (2023)
Authors: Crone Elizabeth E. , Murphy Atticus W. , Schultz Cheryl B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Decisions about which processes to include in a population model can have substantial impact on estimates of population trends and extinction risk. This is particularly important for species of conservation concern, whose conservation status is decided in part on the basis of these models.
In their recent paper, Meehan and Crossley (2023) Insect Conservation and Diversity, 16, 566–573 revisit a time series of overwintering monarch butterfly abundances, which previous assessments had characterised as rapidly declining and at risk of extinction. The authors, in contrast, reported no evidence for declines in the past 10 years and characterised extinction risk as low.
A primary reason for the difference between these conclusions was that Meehan and Crossley used a more complex model that included a parameter for density dependence. While negative density dependence may play a role in monarch population regulation, there are a variety of unresolved issues with how and if density dependence should be included in models of monarch populations, including widely known issues with separating observation error from density dependence in noisy time series and taxon‐specific issues with fitting models to data surveyed every fourth generation and pooled at continental scales.
These issues make the conclusions of Meehan and Crossley about monarch population viability much less robust than implied in their article. They do not provide convincing evidence that density dependence reduces extinction risk in monarch butterflies. Our commentary supports their general conclusion that population viability projections depend on model assumptions, but the ways in which monarch butterfly populations are regulated remains an open question.
The influence of perceived risk on purchase intention in e‐commerce—Systematic review and research agenda
Authors: Phamthi Van Anh , Nagy Ákos , Ngo Trung Minh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study systematically reviews the current state of research on the impact of perceived risk on purchase intention (PR&PI) in e‐commerce to propose an agenda for future research. The authors selected and reviewed 133 studies conducted over the last decade. The theory‐context‐method (TCM) framework sheds light on developing trends in theories, contextual coverage, and methodological approaches in PR&PI research. Simultaneously, the stimulus‐organism‐response (SOR) framework reveals and categorizes the factors influencing perceived risk and purchase intention. The study enriches the current literature by proposing a research agenda to unpack gaps in the current literature and instruct future studies. Additionally, it diversifies the framework‐based systematic review by applying the SOR framework with seven sectors visualized in a Venn diagram. This enhances the explanatory power of different types of variables and mechanisms of patterns in PR&PI research. Further, the review also inspires businesses to develop risk‐reducing strategies and software. The study also provides e‐retailers and e‐sellers with an understanding of factors affecting consumers' risk perceptions, emotions and responses to e‐commerce, allowing them to improve their performance.
Reference intervals for reticulocyte count and derived reticulocyte parameters in a cohort of healthy adults
Authors: Posada‐Franco Yolanda , García‐Álvarez Ana , Hernández‐Álvarez Elena , Serrano‐García Irene , Contera‐Raposo Rocío , Martínez‐Novillo González Mercedes , Sanz‐Casla María Teresa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionReticulocyte count and novel derived parameters provide insight into the effectiveness of erythropoiesis and may be useful tools in the classification and diagnosis of anemias. However, there is no standardisation, so we consider it necessary that each laboratory evaluates the parameters according to its own methodology and instrumentation and establishes its own reference ranges. Our aim was to establish the reference intervals (RIs) of reticulocyte profile provided by the Beckman Coulter DxH 900 haematological autoanalyzer in our reference population.MethodsOne hundred and seventy‐five healthy adults (18 to 62 years) were included. Subjects were collected from the blood donation centre of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (Madrid, Spain) upon informed consent. Whole blood was collected and assayed for 14 haematological parameters on the Beckman Coulter DxH 900 analyzer in the haematology laboratory of the Clinical Analysis Department. RIs were established as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute EP28‐A3c guidelines using three different statistical approaches.ResultsRIs estimated using the non‐parametric method and the Harrell‐Davis bootstrap method were very similar. RIs estimated by the robust method were narrower. Gender partitioning was required for two haematological parameters (low haemoglobin density (LHD) and microcytic anaemia factor (MAF)). The rest of the parameters did not need to be partitioned according to Lahti's method.ConclusionRIs have been established for 14 hematologic parameters of the reticulocyte profile for the Beckman Coulter DxH 900 haematology analyzer using a healthy cohort of adult subjects.