bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes and Complications of Pneumatic Retinopexy Over a 12-Year Period
Authors: Modi Yasha S. , Epstein Aliza , Flynn Harry W. , Shi Wei , Smiddy William E. 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate anatomic and clinical outcomes of pneumatic retinopexy for treatment of primary retinal detachment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Noncomparative, single-center, consecutive, interventional case series evaluating all patients treated between 2000 and 2012. Patients with less than 1 month of follow-up or coexisting neovascular age-related macular degeneration, uveitis, endophthalmitis, or prior posterior segment surgery were excluded.

RESULTS:

Sixty-three eyes of 63 patients with primary retinal detachment treated with pneumatic retinopexy were included. Median follow-up was 10.3 months. Single-operation success (SOS), defined as anatomic reattachment with pneumatic retinopexy alone, occurred in 40 eyes (63%). The retina was successfully reattached in 21 of the other 23 eyes (91%) with one additional surgery. There was no difference in visual acuity outcomes between SOS and additional surgical intervention (
P
= .85). New or missed breaks were identified in 19 of 63 eyes (30%). Postoperative subretinal fluid was observed in 22 of 63 eyes (35%) and persisted at last follow-up in two of 63 eyes (3%). At final follow-up, the retina was fully attached in 97% of eyes.

CONCLUSION:
Pneumatic retinopexy remains a reasonably successful option in the management of primary retinal detachment. No difference in best corrected visual acuity outcomes in eyes achieving SOS versus those requiring additional surgery was demonstrated.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2014;45:132–137.]
Trends in Retinopathy of Prematurity Over a 5-Year Period in a Racially Diverse Population
Authors: Tsui Irena , Ebani Edward , Rosenberg Jamie B. , Angert Robert M. , Lin Juan , Mian Umar 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Retinopathy of prematurity presents differently in developing versus developed countries, which may be due to environmental as well as racial differences.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective chart review of infants screened for ROP at a single neonatal intensive care unit. Risk factors were reviewed. Main outcome measures were rates of plus disease or treatment-requiring ROP by race.

RESULTS:
The study included 497 infants screened for ROP in an urban neonatal intensive care unit. Gestational age, birth weight, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were independent risk factors for both plus disease and treatment-requiring ROP with type 3 multivariate analysis. Self-identified white race was also a risk factor for plus disease and treatment-requiring ROP. Race was significantly associated with maternal age, multiple births, and blood transfusions.

CONCLUSION:
In the study population, white race was an independent risk factor for plus disease and ROP treatment.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2014;45:138–142.]
Meta-Analysis of Infectious Endophthalmitis After Intravitreal Injection of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents
Authors: Fileta John B. , Scott Ingrid U. , Flynn Harry W. 
Published: August 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the rate of endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents, the spectrum of causative organisms, and associated visual acuity outcomes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
PubMed articles containing the keywords “endophthalmitis” and “intravitreal” between January 2005 and May 2012 were identified and reviewed. Inclusion criteria included article in English, more than 100 intravitreal anti-VEGF injections, and report of adverse events including endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection.

RESULTS:

Forty-three articles were analyzed. Endophthalmitis occurred after 197 of 350,535 intravitreal anti-VEGF injections (0.056%). The most common organisms isolated were coagulase-negative
Staphylococcus
(38.24%) and
Streptococcus
species (29.41%).

CONCLUSION:

The reported rate of endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-VEGF injection is low. Coagulase-negative
Staphylococcus
and
Streptococcus
species were the most frequent causative organisms.
Streptococcus
species represent the causative organism of endophthalmitis after intravitreal VEGF injections at a higher rate than rates reported in the literature for endophthalmitis following most incisional intraocular surgeries. Among patients with endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-VEGF injection, endophthalmitis caused by
Streptococcus
species is associated with poorer visual acuity outcomes than endophthalmitis caused by coagulase-negative
Staphylococcus
and culture-negative cases.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2014;45:143-149.]
Identification of a Novel Neutrophil Population: Proangiogenic Granulocytes in Second-Trimester Human Decidua
Authors: Amsalem Hagai , Kwan Melissa , Hazan Aleah , Zhang Jianhong , Jones Rebecca L. , Whittle Wendy , Kingdom John C. P. , Croy B. Anne , Lye Stephen J. , Dunk Caroline E. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
The maternal leukocytes of the first-trimester decidua play a fundamental role in implantation and early development of the fetus and placenta, yet little is known regarding the second-trimester decidual environment. Our multicolor flow cytometric analyses of human decidual leukocytes detected an elevation in tissue resident neutrophils in the second trimester. These cells in both human and murine samples were spatially restricted to decidua basalis. In comparison with peripheral blood neutrophils (PMNs), the decidual neutrophils expressed high levels of neutrophil activation markers and the angiogenesis-related proteins: vascular endothelial growth factor-A, Arginase-1, and CCL2, similarly shown in tumor-associated neutrophils. Functional in vitro assays showed that second-trimester human decidua conditioned medium stimulated transendothelial PMN invasion, upregulated VEGFA, ARG1, CCL2, and ICAM1 mRNA levels, and increased PMN-driven in vitro angiogenesis in a CXCL8-dependent manner. This study identified a novel neutrophil population with a physiological, angiogenic role in human decidua.
Live Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Correlate of Protection: Local Antibody Production and Concentration on the Path of Virus Entry
Authors: Li Qingsheng , Zeng Ming , Duan Lijie , Voss James E. , Smith Anthony J. , Pambuccian Stefan , Shang Liang , Wietgrefe Stephen , Southern Peter J. , Reilly Cavan S. , Skinner Pamela J. , Zupancic Mary L. , Carlis John V. , Piatak Michael , Waterman Diane , Reeves R. Keith , Masek-Hammerman Katherine , Derdeyn Cynthia A. , Alpert Michael D. , Evans David T. , Kohler Heinz , Müller Sybille , Robinson James , Lifson Jeffrey D. , Burton Dennis R. , Johnson R. Paul , Haase Ashley T. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
We sought design principles for a vaccine to prevent HIV transmission to women by identifying correlates of protection conferred by a highly effective live attenuated SIV vaccine in the rhesus macaque animal model. We show that SIVmac239Δnef vaccination recruits plasma cells and induces ectopic lymphoid follicle formation beneath the mucosal epithelium in the rhesus macaque female reproductive tract. The plasma cells and ectopic follicles produce IgG Abs reactive with viral envelope glycoprotein gp41 trimers, and these Abs are concentrated on the path of virus entry by the neonatal FcR in cervical reserve epithelium and in vaginal epithelium. This local Ab production and delivery system correlated spatially and temporally with the maturation of local protection against high-dose pathogenic SIV vaginal challenge. Thus, designing vaccines to elicit production and concentration of Abs at mucosal frontlines could aid in the development of an effective vaccine to protect women against HIV-1.
Shorter or longer text in Ezekiel 6: The role of genre
Authors: Mushayabasa Godwin 
Published: August 2014

The text of Ezekiel continues to present some challenges to students studying it. This is in view of what one school of thought identify in the Ezekiel text as extensive redactions and revisions, whilst another school of thought is hesitant to subject the Masoretic Text (MT) to such critical analysis. Amidst these differing viewpoints, I have discussed by means of literary analysis, the possibility that chapter 6 of Ezekiel may have been intended as a prophetic poetic message, or was later edited to conform to the genre of prophetic poetry. This is in the light of the so-called repetitions or ‘additions’ reflected in the MT if compared against the LXX, as well as the general problems associated with the Hebrew text of Ezekiel. The findings indicate that the text of Ezekiel 6 probably already had a complete theological corpus when it left the hand of the prophet Ezekiel or those who penned his words down. However, scribes saw it necessary to restructure, organise and colour the prophetic oracle in a literary form and structure they thought was necessary. This finding could be vital for solving literary and text critical problems in Ezekiel.
’n Kritiese blik op missio Dei in die lig van Efesiërs
Authors: Breed Gert 
Published: August 2014

Missio Dei is ’n belangrike tegniese term in die gesprek oor die missionale taak van die kerk. Die term word egter nie konsekwent met dieselfde betekenis in die gesprek gebruik nie. Daar word selfs teenstrydige betekenisinhoude aan hierdie term geheg. Sommige gespreksgenote gebruik hierdie term sonder om duidelik te maak wat hulle spesifiek daaronder verstaan. Hierdie situasie lei tot misverstande en kan aanleiding gee tot ’n onbybelse benadering tot sending. Hierdie artikel ondersoek twee belangrike aspekte van die missio Dei-gesprek, naamlik die standpunt dat sending (missio) tot die wese van God behoort en dat Hy daarom ’n sendende God is, asook die standpunt dat sending (missio) uit die Drie-eenheid se onderlinge verhouding voortvloei. Verskillende benaderings in die missionale debat rondom die begrip missio Dei word krities ondersoek en op grond van Paulus se brief aan die Efesiërs geëvalueer. Vanuit die Efesiërbrief word ’n voorstel gemaak ten opsigte van die betekenis wat die begrip missio Dei behoort te dra asook hoe sending op die selfopenbaring van die Drie-eenheid volgens die Efesiërbrief gegrond kan word.A critical view of missio Dei in the light of Ephesians. Missio Dei is an important technical term in the discussion of the missional task of the church. In this discussion, however, the term is not used in a consistent sense. Even contrary semantic contents are associated with it. Some participants in the discussion use the term without clarifying what they understand by it. This situation causes misunderstandings and may give rise to an unbiblical approach to mission. This article investigates two important aspects of the missio Dei discourse, namely the viewpoint that mission (missio) is inherent to the nature of God, which means he is a missional God, as well as the viewpoint that mission (missio) flows from the mutual relationship in the Trinity. Different approaches in the missional debate regarding the concept of mission Dei are critically investigated and evaluated on the grounds of Paul’s letter to the Ephesians. Based on the Ephesian letter a suggestion is made with regard to what the meaning of the concept of missio Dei ought to be, as well as how mission can be based on the self-revelation of the Trinity according to the Ephesian letter.
Imaging spectrum of gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Authors: Sureka Binit , Mittal Mahesh Kumar , Mittal Aliza , Sinha Mukul , Thukral Brij Bhushan 
Published: August 2014

AbstractGastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) were first described by Clark and Mazur in 1983 for smooth muscle neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract differentiating them from leiomyoma, leiomyosarcomas and neurogenic tumors. GISTs can arise from the bowel, peritoneum, omentum or retroperitoneum. This article reviews the computed tomography imaging features of primary GISTs, response to treatment and highlights data on predicting the outcome to chemotherapeutic drugs on imaging.
Status of salivary lipid peroxidation in oral cancer and precancer
Authors: Shetty Shishir Ram , Babu Subhas , Kumari Suchetha , Shetty Pushparaja , Hegde S hruthi , Castelino Renita 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Introduction: Lipid oxidation gives rise to number of secondary by-products. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is the principal and most widely studied product of polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation. This aldehyde is a highly toxic molecule and should be considered as more than just a marker of lipid peroxidation in oral carcinogenesis. Materials and Methods: Salivary malondiadldehyde was evaluated in 65 healthy controls (HC), 115 subjects with oral, potentially malignant disorders (PMD) and 50 subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using the Thiobarbituric-Trichloroacetitic acid (TBA-TCA) method. Results: A consistent elevation in the levels of salivary MDA was observed in HC with tobacco related habits, subjects with PMD and subjects with OSCC. The elevation in the salivary MDA was significant (P = 0.001) in the groups PMD and OSCC and group OSCC when compared to HC. Conclusion: The significant and encouraging findings of this study thus validate and reinforce that salivary malodialdehyde analysis can be used as an efficient, noninvasive tool for the early diagnosis of PMD and OSCC for planning comprehensive treatment protocol.
Liver metastasis in an adolescent treated for third ventricle germ cell tumor
Authors: Lionel Rikki Premanand , John Arul R. , Sitaram Venkatramani , Mathew Leni G. 
Published: August 2014

AbstractSystemic dissemination of intracranial germ cell tumors (GCTs) occur only in 3% of cases and the common sites are bone, lungs, and lymph nodes. Metastasis to the liver is rare. As far as we could find, only six cases of liver metastasis of intracranial GCTs have been reported so far. We report an adolescent girl who presented with hepatic relapse 2½ years after successful completion of treatment of intracranial GCT. She was treated with chemotherapy and right hepatectomy and is doing well 30 months after treatment for the metastatic disease.
FDG-PET/CT in the Assessment of Treatment Response after Oncologic Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Keski-Säntti Harri , Mustonen Timo , Schildt Jukka , Saarilahti Kauko , Mäkitie Antti A. 
Published: August 2014

Background In many centers, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG–PET/CT) is used to monitor treatment response after definitive (chemo)radiotherapy [(C)RT] for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but its usefulness remains somewhat controversial. We aimed at assessing the accuracy of FDG-PET/CT in detecting residual disease after (C)RT. Method All HNSCC patients with FDG-PET/CT performed to assess treatment response 10–18 weeks after definitive (C)RT at our institution during 2008–2010 were included. The patient charts were reviewed for FDG-PET/CT findings, histopathologic findings, and follow-up data. The median follow-up time for FDG-PET/CT negative patients was 26 months. Results Eighty-eight eligible patients were identified. The stage distribution was as follows: I, n = 1; II, n = 15; III, n = 17; IV, n = 55. The negative predictive value, positive predictive value, specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of FDG-PET/CT in detecting residual disease were 87%, 81%, 94%, 65%, and 85%, respectively. The corresponding specific figures for the primary tumor site were 91%, 71%, 94%, 59%, and 86% and for the neck 93%, 100%, 100%, 75%, and 94%, respectively. Conclusions In patients who have received definitive (C)RT for HNSCC, post-treatment FDG-PET/CT has good potential to guide clinical decision-making. Patients with negative scan can safely be followed up clinically only, while positive scan necessitates tissue biopsies or a neck dissection to rule out residual disease.
L’embryon humain en AMP, éléments pour une approche relationnelle
Authors: Giraud Anne-Sophie 
Published: August 2014

L’analyse socio-anthropologique de la parenté en assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP) présuppose, qu’on le sache ou non, de donner un certain statut à l’embryon. Cependant, ce statut reste encore largement un point aveugle du débat des sciences sociales. L’anthropologie a beaucoup analysé la façon dont les techniques, et en particulier l’échographie, ont contribué à l’image de l’embryon comme « isolat », séparé en particulier du corps féminin dans lequel il était autrefois enclos et enfoui (Strathern, 1992). L’AMP, avec la congélation et la fécondation in vitro, a encore accentué cette représentation. Cependant, l’observation ethnographique des pratiques d’AMP révèle que l’embryon est en réalité toujours pris dans des réseaux relationnels (Thompson, 2005). Relations, d’une part, à des professionnels qui ont à un certain moment, du fait de leur statut, le pouvoir de sélectionner, détruire ou conserver cet embryon. D’autre part, et surtout, en référence à la parenté, à l’ensemble des personnes impliquées dans la procréation, l’engendrement ou la filiation, et qui de ce fait ont elles aussi un ensemble de pouvoirs et de devoirs à l’égard de cet embryon. Cet article s’appuie sur une enquête par entretiens semi-directifs auprès de 70 professionnels de l’AMP et a pour objectif d’analyser l’embryon en AMP grâce à une approche relationnelle inspirée de l’héritage maussien en matière d’analyse du genre et de la parenté (Théry, 2007). Cette approche permet de décrire autrement la scène de l’AMP et de comprendre comment l’embryon alterne entre diverses positions – entre enfant potentiel et pur matériau organique – selon le système de relations instituées dans lequel il se trouve inscrit. Notre hypothèse est qu’une telle approche éclaire de façons nouvelles les dilemmes parfois aigus des « parents » confrontés à l’embryon congelé hors projet et aux quatre grandes options prévues par la loi française : garder, donner à la recherche, « donner » à un autre couple ou détruire.
Famille et travail : constats et propositions des jeunes féministes au Québec
Authors: Seery Annabelle 
Published: August 2014

Cet article vise à mettre en lumière le discours émergent de jeunes féministes québécoises sur le travail de reproduction et son articulation avec le travail rémunéré. À partir d’entretiens semi-directifs, nous exposons les constats que ces jeunes féministes font de ces deux pans de la division sexuelle du travail de même que les propositions qu’elles mettent de l’avant. Ainsi, elles dénoncent le partage toujours inégal du travail dit invisible et la course à la performance vécue par les mères. Elles doutent de la réussite de la conciliation famille-travail et remettent en question le travail rémunéré comme panacée pour l’émancipation des femmes. Suivant ces constats, les jeunes féministes rencontrées réfléchissent à des solutions : elles se questionnent sur de possibles compensations pour le travail de reproduction et sur le travail à temps partiel. Teintées par leur expérience du marché du travail actuel, de leur vision de la maternité et de la grande valeur qu’elles accordent à la famille, leurs idées visent une plus grande valorisation du travail accompli au sein des familles et une réorganisation du travail qui répondrait aux besoins et aspirations du plus grand nombre de femmes possible. Les idées des jeunes féministes rencontrées s’inscrivent à la fois dans un discours dominant du mouvement des femmes québécois et en rupture avec celui-ci.
Osteopathic Primary Care of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review
Authors: Bragg Jack D. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease are relatively common inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that have unknown causes. A combination of abnormalities in genetics, the immune system, and the microbiome of the gut may cause inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The majority of patients with IBD are in their late teens or early twenties. Most present to their primary care physician for a diagnosis. Although gastroenterologists and surgeons do most of the endoscopy and management of IBD, these patients require a great deal of health maintenance that many never receive. Osteopathic primary care physicians can play a pivotal role in the care of patients with IBD by understanding what areas of the body are affected by the disease and what screening and monitoring are needed to keep patients healthy with the highest quality of life possible.
Relationships Between the Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Achievement Test (COMAT) Subject Examinations and the COMLEX-USA Level 2-Cognitive Evaluation
Authors: Li Feiming , Kalinowski Kevin E. , Song Hao , Bates Bruce P. 
Published: August 2014

Abstract

Context: The relationship between the Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Achievement Test (COMAT) series of subject examinations and the Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination-USA Level 2-Cognitive Evaluation (COMLEX-USA Level 2-CE) has not been thoroughly examined.

Objective: To investigate the factors associated with performance on COMAT subject examinations and how COMAT scores correlate with COMLEX-USA Level 2-CE scores.

Methods: We examined scores of participants from 2 COMAT examination cycles in 2011 and 2012. According to surveys, most schools used COMAT scores in clerkship and clinical rotation evaluation, which were classified as being used for “high-stakes” purposes. We matched first-attempt COMAT scores with first-attempt COMLEX-USA Level 2-CE scores, and we conducted correlation analyses between the scores from the 7 COMAT subject examinations, as well as between COMAT and COMLEX-USA Level 2-CE scores. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to investigate how much variance in COMLEX-USA Level 2-CE scores was explained by COMAT scores.

Results: In 2011 and 2012, respectively, 3751 and 3786 COMAT candidates had COMLEX-USA Level 2-CE scores (53.0% and 93.9%, respectively, had ⩾1 high-stakes COMAT score). Intercorrelations between COMAT scores were low to moderate (r=0.27-0.53), as hypothesized. Correlations between COMAT and Level 2-CE scores were moderate to high, with the highest correlations for internal medicine COMAT scores (r=0.63-0.65). All regressions showed internal medicine scores as the strongest predictor of Level 2-CE performance. Groups with high-stakes scores had larger adjusted coefficients of determination than those with low-stakes scores (eg, R
2=0.63 vs 0.52, respectively, in 2011). For 2012 candidates with high-stakes scores, all predictors were statistically significant.

Conclusion: The COMAT subject examination scores were moderately intercorrelated, as hypothesized, with higher correlations between COMAT and COMLEX-USA Level 2-CE scores. The COMAT performance was predictive of COMLEX-USA Level 2-CE performance.
Battling a Diploma Mill: The Early Fight to Preserve the Osteopathic Principles of A.T. Still
Authors: Jordan Laura 
Published: August 2014

AbstractAndrew Taylor Still, MD, DO, founded the first school of osteopathy, the American School of Osteopathy (ASO), in 1892. Two graduates from the second class of the ASO, Elmer and Helen Barber, opened the “second school of osteopathy,” the National School of Osteopathy (NSO), in 1895. The guiding principles of the NSO were vastly different than those of the ASO, and Still saw the Barbers as a threat to his founding osteopathic philosophy and their school as a “diploma mill.” In the present article, the author uses primary historical documents to detail the battle between the ASO and the NSO and thus provides a snapshot of the early fight to gain respect within the medical community.