bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SIKAP REMAJA DALAM PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN HIV/AIDS
Authors: Mahayati Lina , Darmawan Taufan Citra , Santiasari Retty Nirmala 
Published: July 2024

HIV merupakan suatu penyakit yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh seseorang yang disebabkan oleh suatu virus dan dapat menyebabkan AIDS. Penyakit ini muncul tidak mengenal usia karena dapat menyerang siapa saja ketika kekebalan tubuh seseorang melemah khususnya pada remaja. Pendidikan kesehatan akan sangat bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan sikap pemahaman tentang seksual secara sehat dan mencegah terjadinya perilaku menyimpang seksual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis apakah ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap sikap remaja dalam perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode deskriptif. Jumlah populasi pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 36 dengan jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebagai responden penelitian adalah sebanyak 36 responden kelas 11 SMA di Sidoarjo. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara Total Sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuisoner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sikap remaja tentang pencegahan HIV/AIDS sebanyak 25 remaja (70%) memiliki sikap yang tidak baik dalam pencegahan perilaku HIV/AIDS. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa remaja perlu mendapatkan edukasi tentang upaya pencegahan perilalu HIV/AIDS, Pihak sekolah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan sikap remaja dalam berperilaku baik dalam mencegah HIV/AIDS melalui edukasi dalam mencegah HIV/AIDS dengan cara mengembangkan kebiasaan hidup sehat yang dilakukan secara terpadu & memberikan edukasi tambahan kepada siswa-siswi mengenai penularan & stigma HIV/AIDS.
PEMBERDAYAAN GERAKAN MASYARAKAT CERDAS DALAM MENGENAL DAN MENCEGAH PENULARAN TB PARU DI LINGKUNGAN RW 6 DEMAK TIMUR SURABAYA
Authors: Sari Ethyca , Astuti Eny , Primihastuti Dianita 
Published: July 2024

Tuberkulosis tetap menjadi penyebab utama kematian akibat penyakit menular di seluruh dunia Pengetahuan masyarakat sebagian masih kurang terhadap upaya pencegahan tuberculosis akan tetapi dengan pengetahuan yang ada tidak mempengaruhi sikap masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan Hal ini karena seseorang yang memiliki tingkat pendidikan tinggi dapat memperoleh dan menyerap informasi yang lebih baik tentang tuberculosis. Metode yang digunakan meliputi tahapan kegiatan ini terdiri dari tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Tahap persiapan meliputi identifikasi masalah yang dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara dan observasi, penyiapan materi oleh fasilitator, dan persiapan media edukasi berupa poster bergambar. Tahapan pelaksanaan meliputi penyampaian materi edukasi tentang upaya pencegahan penyakit tuberculosis. Hasil:Pengetahuan peserta sebelum diberikan edukasi, menunjukan hasil pengetahuan kurang 35 orang (53,6%) dan setelah dilakukan edukasi meningkat pengetahuanya menjadi pengetahuan baik 38 orang ( 63,6%). Kesimpulan: Ada peningkatan pengetahuan mayarakat terhadap upaya pencegahan penyakit tuberculosis. Edukasi terbukti efektif memberikan dampak kepada masyarakat berupa pengetahuan tentang masalah kesehatan masyarakat.
Análise Iconográfica da Presença do Feminino em Espaço Sagrado no Patrimônio Histórico de João Pessoa
Authors: Baracho Alberlene 
Published: July 2024

As representações do feminino no âmbito histórico foram, por vezes, ocultadas restando aos vestígios iconográficos apresentarem a existência imanente da presença da mulher nesses espaços. Na sociedade patriarcal o protagonismo da mulher surge, quase totalitariamente, nas representações da sacralidade Mariana como símbolo da pureza e castidade. O presente trabalho se propõe a realizar uma análise iconográfica e simbólica da igreja da Nossa Senhora do Carmo, localizada na praça Dom Adauto sendo parte integrante do conjunto patrimonial da cidade de João Pessoa, nos baseando segundo a perspectiva analítica de HONOR (2013). No interior da igreja percebemos outros símbolos voltados representação da devoção feminina. Juntamente com outras pinturas, encontramos o triangulo, que representa a própria Maria, mãe de Jesus, e também a Santa Teresa D’Ávila cuja devoção era demasiada, e assim apresenta a presença quase que exclusiva do feminino na iconografia da igreja das carmelitas.
Implementasi E-Modul dalam Peningkatan Kemandirian Belajar Peserta Didik Kompetensi Keahlian Desain Pemodelan dan Informasi Bangunan SMKN 2 Kendal
Authors: Agus Murwo Setiyo 
Published: July 2024

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimana perencanaan e-modul dalam kemandirian belajar (2) Bagaimana pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis e-modul dalam kemandirian belajar (3) Bagaimana evaluasi pembelajaran berbasis e-modul dalam kemandirian belajar (4) Bagaimana peningkatan kemandirian peserta didik pada pembelajaran berbasis e-modul. Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) Mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis perencanaan e-modul dalam kemandirian belajar (2) Mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis e-modul dalam kemandirian belajar. (3) Mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis evaluasi pembelajaran dalam kemandirian belajar (4) Mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis peningkatan kemandirian peserta didik pada pembelajaran berbasis e-modul.
Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dengan teknik wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Peningkatan keabsahan data penelitian menggunakan uji kredibilitas dan metode triangulasi. Sedangkan analisis data menggunakan teknik miles dan Huberman yaitu kolekting data, kondensasi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi dan penarikan kesimpulan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Implementasi E-Modul Dalam Peningkatan Kemandirian Belajar Peserta Didik Kompetensi Keahlian Desain Pemodelan Dan Informasi Bangunan Smkn 2 Kendal telah dilakukan melalui: (1) Perencanaan e-modul dalam kemandirian belajar meliputi analisis kebutuhan e-modul, desain dan validasi (2) Pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis e-modul dalam kemandirian belajar meliputi pemberian tugas kepada peserta didik untuk belajar mandiri di rumah, kegiatan pembelajaran dikelas dalam bentuk diskusi kelompok dengan panduan lembar kerja pada e-modul. Peserta didik berdiskusi dan peserta didik mengerjakan asessmen formatif dengan kuis yang disediakan pada e-modul. (3) Evaluasi pembelajaran berbasis e-modul dalam kemandirian belajar meliputi mengukur kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi, berbasis permasalahan kontekstual dan menggunakan bentuk soal beragam. (4) Peningkatan kemandirian peserta didik pada pembelajaran berbasis e-modul meliputi : percaya diri, aktif dalam belajar, disiplin dalam belajar, tanggung jawab dalam belajar dan motivasi dalam belajar. Kesimpulan: implementasi e-modul dalam peningkatan kemandirian belajar peserta didik kompetensi keahlian desain pemodelan dan informasi bangunan Smkn 2 Kendal melalui perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi pembelajaran sudah sesuai dengan manajemen yang telah ditetapkan
Technical note: Surface fields for global environmental modelling
Authors: Choulga Margarita , Moschini Francesca , Mazzetti Cinzia , Grimaldi Stefania , Disperati Juliana , Beck Hylke , Salamon Peter , Prudhomme Christel 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Climate change has resulted in more frequent occurrences of extreme events, such as flooding and heavy snowfall, which can have a significant impact on densely populated or industrialised areas. Numerical models are used to simulate and predict these extreme events, enabling informed decision-making and planning to minimise human casualties and to protect costly infrastructure. LISFLOOD is an integrated hydrological model underpinning the European Flood Awareness System and Global Flood Awareness System (EFAS and GloFAS, respectively), developed by the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (CEMS). The CEMS_SurfaceFields_2022 dataset is a new set of high-resolution surface fields at 1 and 3 arcmin resolution (approximately 2 and 6 km at the Equator, respectively) based on a wide variety of high-resolution and up-to-date data sources. The 1 arcmin fields cover Europe, while the surface fields at 3 arcmin cover the global land surface (excluding Antarctica). The dataset encompasses (i) catchment morphology and river networks, (ii) land use, (iii) vegetation cover type and properties, (iv) soil properties, (v) lake information, and (vi) water demand. This paper details the complete workflow used to generate the CEMS_SurfaceFields_2022 fields, including the data sources and methodology. Whilst created together with upgrades to the open source LISFLOOD code, the CEMS_SurfaceFields_2022 fields can be used independently for a wide range of applications, including as input to hydrological, Earth system, or environmental models or for carrying out general analyses across spatial scales, ranging from global and regional levels to local levels (especially useful for regions outside Europe), expected to improve the accuracy, detail and realism of applications.
An improved dynamic bidirectional coupled hydrologic–hydrodynamic model for efficient flood inundation prediction
Authors: Shen Yanxia , Zhu Zhenduo , Zhou Qi , Jiang Chunbo 
Published: July 2024

Abstract. To improve computational efficiency while maintaining numerical accuracy, coupled hydrologic–hydrodynamic models based on non-uniform grids are used for flood inundation prediction. In these models, a hydrodynamic model using a fine grid can be applied to flood-prone areas, and a hydrologic model using a coarse grid can be used for the remaining areas. However, it is challenging to deal with the separation and interface between the two types of areas because the boundaries of the flood-prone areas are time dependent. We present an improved Multigrid Dynamical Bidirectional Coupled hydrologic–hydrodynamic Model (IM-DBCM) with two major improvements: (1) automated non-uniform mesh generation based on the D-infinity algorithm was implemented to identify the flood-prone areas where high-resolution inundation conditions are needed and (2) ghost cells and bilinear interpolation were implemented to improve numerical accuracy in interpolating variables between the coarse and fine grids. A hydrologic model, the 2D nonlinear reservoir model, was bidirectionally coupled with a 2D hydrodynamic model that solves the shallow-water equations. Three cases were considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the improvements. In all cases, the mesh generation algorithm was shown to efficiently and successfully generate high-resolution grids in those flood-prone areas. Compared to the original M-DBCM (OM-DBCM), the new model had lower root-mean square errors (RMSEs) and higher Nash–Sutcliffe efficiencies (NSEs), indicating that the proposed mesh generation and interpolation were reliable and stable. It can be adequately adapted to the real-life flood evolution process in watersheds and provide practical and reliable solutions for rapid flood prediction.
Orthopedic Research Funding: Assessing the Relationship between Investments and Breakthroughs.
Authors: Aljuhani Wazzan , Sayyad Yakub 
Published: July 2024

Orthopedic research plays a crucial role in improving patient outcomes for musculoskeletal disorders. This narrative review explores the intricate interplay between funding patterns and the trajectory of breakthroughs achieved in this dynamic field. A meticulous search strategy identified studies illuminating the diverse sources of orthopedic research funding, including public funding (government agencies), philanthropic organizations, private sector investment, and international funding bodies. The review further delved into the spectrum of breakthroughs, encompassing fundamental scientific discoveries, technological advancements, and personalized medicine approaches. Public funding emerged as a significant pillar, supporting foundational research that lays the groundwork for future advancements. Philanthropic organizations addressed specific musculoskeletal disorders, often focusing on patient-centric applications. International funding bodies played a role in supporting research in low- and middle-income countries. Breakthroughs extended beyond cutting-edge prosthetics and minimally invasive surgeries, encompassing fundamental discoveries in areas like gene therapy and biomaterials science. Technological advancements included brain-computer interface prosthetics and 3D-printed implants. Personalized medicine offered the potential for tailored treatments based on individual needs and genetic profiles. This review underscores the complex interplay between funding patterns and breakthroughs in orthopedic research. A multifaceted approach is essential for continued progress. Fostering collaboration, optimizing funding models, and prioritizing both foundational and translational research hold the key to unlocking the true potential of orthopedic research and transforming the lives of patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders.
Suporte avançado de vida: a inserção e manuseio da máscara laríngea por profissionais de enfermagem frente a uma emergência clínica
Authors: Feitosa Kamila Alves , Feitosa Fábio Pereira , Gonçalves Jonas Rodrigo , Brito Wilker Sucupira Ferro 
Published: July 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo reconhecer as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre o manejo de vias aéreas através da inserção e utilização da máscara laríngea (ML) por profissionais de enfermagem em situações de emergência. Objetivos: analisar estudos existentes que evidenciam a inserção e manuseio do dispositivo de máscara laríngea por profissionais de enfermagem em emergências clínicas e verificar se os enfermeiros possuem o conhecimento teórico, qualificação e aperfeiçoamento necessários para essa prática. As perguntas norteadoras deste estudo são: "Quais evidências estão disponíveis na literatura sobre o manejo de vias aéreas por meio da inserção da ML por enfermeiros?" e "Qual a importância do conhecimento teórico e prático dos enfermeiros no manejo das vias aéreas utilizando a ML?" A relevância deste estudo se dá pelo fato de que, embora a técnica seja comum e frequentemente usada em emergências, há lacunas na literatura sobre o papel específico dos enfermeiros nessa prática. Além disso, os resultados podem contribuir para a formação e capacitação dos profissionais de enfermagem, melhorando a qualidade do atendimento ao paciente. Metodologia: Para atingir os objetivos deste estudo, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, buscando artigos científicos em periódicos nacionais e internacionais que respondessem à pergunta guia. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos que abordassem especificamente a utilização da ML por profissionais de enfermagem em contextos de emergência. Conclusão: Após a análise e discussão dos resultados obtidos neste estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura, podemos concluir que a inserção e o manuseio da ML por enfermeiros em situações de emergência clínica são práticas cruciais que requerem treinamento adequado e contínuo. Essas habilidades podem melhorar significativamente o tempo de resposta e os resultados do paciente em situações críticas. Portanto, a educação e o treinamento adequado dos enfermeiros no uso da máscara laríngea são essenciais para garantir uma prática segura e eficaz. Ademais, fomenta discussões nas instituições de formação para maior ênfase no desenvolvimento de habilidades no manejo de vias aéreas.
Erosion Characterization Of Gas-Solid Jets Impinging Onto Inclined Surfaces
Authors: Loureiro Juliana Braga Rodrigues , Freire Atila Pantaleão Silva 
Published: July 2024

Erosion caused by solid particles is an important phenomenon in many industrial applications. Wear modelling is a complex phenomenon due to the many relevant variables. In any event, the dynamics of the fluid flow and particles need to be characterized so that their interrelations are well understood and models can be advanced. Depending on their sizes, particles immersed in solid-gas flows may deviate from the fluid stream, meaning that any deployed measuring technique must take this into account. The work describes through PIV and PTV the flow and particle dynamics of a round air-jet loaded with carbon silicate particles (SiO2) impinging onto an inclined surface. Flow conditions are set for two different Reynolds numbers and four impinging angles. The experimental results are compared with numerical simulations furnished by a two-way coupling scheme. The results show that erosion wear is highly dependent on the kinetic energy of the particle at impact. The larger the size of the particle or the larger its velocity, the larger is the damage it causes. A correlation between the thickness of removed material with particle size distribution and flow rate is presented. For low flow rates, the distinction between the damage caused by particles of various sizes is small.
GIÁ TRỊ CỦA SIÊU ÂM DUPLEX TRONG CHẨN ĐOÁN HẸP ĐỘNG MẠCH CẢNH TRONG ĐOẠN NGOÀI SỌ Ở BỆNH NHÂN NHỒI MÁU NÃO
Authors: Đổ Ngọc Cường , Nguyễn Vũ Đằng , Nguyễn Thị Xuân Mai , Nguyễn Hoàng Thuấn , Đoàn Dũng Tiến , Nguyễn Hoàng Ẩn , Phạm Quách Trân Trân , Nguyễn Trần Như Ngọc 
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Hẹp động mạch cảnh trong đoạn ngoài sọ là một trong những nguyên nhân chính của đột quỵ nhồi máu não, ước tính gây ra khoảng 8 - 15% các ca nhồi máu não. Việc chẩn đoán chính xác bệnh lý này góp phần giúp bác sĩ lâm sàng có tiên lượng và lựa chọn phương pháp điều trị thích hợp. Siêu âm duplex là phương tiện chẩn đoán không xâm lấn, rẻ tiền giúp chẩn đoán hẹp động mạch cảnh trong đoạn ngoài sọ.
Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, đặc điểm siêu âm duplex và đánh giá giá trị của siêu âm duplex trong chẩn đoán hẹp động mạch cảnh trong đoạn ngoài sọ ở bệnh nhân nhồi máu não.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu : Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, phân tích mô tả cắt ngang trên 64 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán nhồi máu não và nhập viện điều trị tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Trung ương Cần Thơ từ tháng 03/2021 đến tháng 06/2023.
Kết quả : Triệu chứng lâm sàng phổ biến của nhồi máu não là yếu/liệt nửa người (95,3%) và liệt mặt trung ương (62,5%). Bệnh nhân nhồi máu não có hẹp/tắc động mạch cảnh trong ngoài sọ chiếm tỉ lệ 62,5%. Siêu âm duplex có giá trị cao trong chẩn đoán hẹp động mạch cảnh trong ngoài sọ với độ nhạy, độ đặc hiệu, độ chính xác, giá trị tiên đoán dương và giá trị tiên đoán âm lần lượt là 96,6%, 99,0%, 98,4%, 96,6% và 99,0%, độ đồng thuận rất cao (k = 0,955, 95% CI = 0,894 - 1, p < 0,001) khi độ hẹp ≥ 50%, với mức hẹp ≥ 70%, giá trị lần lượt là 92,3%, 99,1%, 98,4%, 92,3% và 99,1%, độ đồng thuận cũng rất cao (k = 0,914, 95% CI = 0,796 - 1, p < 0,001) so với DSA. Siêu âm duplex và DSA có mối tương quan chặt chẽ trong chẩn đoán hẹp động mạch cảnh trong ngoài sọ (Spearman’s rs = 0,728, 95% CI: 0,632 - 0,803, p < 0,001).
Kết luận : Siêu âm duplex là phương tiện chẩn đoán hình ảnh không xâm lấn, rẻ tiền, có độ an toàn và chính xác cao trong chẩn đoán hẹp động mạch cảnh trong đoạn ngoài sọ, có thể sử dụng như một công cụ sàng lọc ban đầu phân loại hẹp và/hoặc như một phương pháp chẩn đoán xác định.
Effectiveness of Sand Therapy on Reducing Fear in Children: A Sample Study in Mongolian Children :
Authors: Sukhbaatar Khulan 
Published: July 2024

This research investigates the identification and safe reduction of fear experienced by preschool children. Fear levels of 110 children aged 5 and 6 were evaluated using the "Fear in the House" test. Ten children with high levels of fear participated in a tailored sand therapy program over three months. Results were analyzed using the Children's Apperception Test (CAT) both quantitatively and qualitatively. The study found a reduction in fear levels among participating children, ranging from 16.6% to 66.6%, with an average decrease of 47.5%. Notably, the fear levels of two children normalized, and their behavior exhibited significant positive changes.
Монгол хүүхдийн айдсыг бууруулахад “Элсэн сэтгэц заслын” аргыг хэрэглэсэн үр дүн
Хураангуй: Бид энэхүү судалгааны хүрээнд сургуулийн өмнөх насны (СӨН) хүүхдийн айдсын мэдрэмж, уг мэдрэмж төрөх болсон шалтгааныг энгийн чөлөөтэй байдлаар илрүүлж, түүнийг илүү аюулгүйгээр бууруулах боломжийг бүрдүүлэхэд анхаарлаа хандуулсан юм. Тус судалгаанд СӨН хүүхдийн айдсыг үнэлэх зорилгоор 5 болон 6 насны 110 хүүхдийг “Байшин дахь айдас” тестээр үнэлэв. Үүнээс айдсын түвшин өндөр илэрсэн 10 хүүхдийг түүвэрлэн авч нийт 3 сарын хугацаанд айдсыг бууруулах элсэн сэтгэц заслын хөтөлбөрийг тухайн хүүхдийн онцлогт тохируулан хэрэглэж үр дүнг хүүхдийн апперцепцийн тест (Б.Туяа орчуулгаар: Children's Apperception Test, САТ) аргазүйгээр үнэлж, тоо ба чанарын анализ хийлээ. Гурван сарын хугацаанд судалгаанд хамрагдсан хүүхдүүдийн айдсын түвшин тодорхой хэмжээнд (16.6%-66.6%) буурсан бөгөөд дунджаар 47.5% буурсан үзүүлэлттэй байна. Хөтөлбөрт хамрагдсаны дараа 2 хүүхдийн айдсын түвшин хэвийн хэмжээтэй болж зан үйлийн олон эерэг байдал илэрсэн юм.
Түлхүүр үг: Аналитик сэтгэц засал ⸱ Корона вирус ⸱ Урлагийн сэтгэц засал ⸱ Сэтгэлийн хөдөлгөөн ⸱ Ээнэгшилт
Independent Community Empowerment Program to Address Non-Communicable Disease Problems in Coastal Areas of Pekanbaru City
Authors: Herlina  , Zulfitri Reni , Agrina  , Arneliwati  , Nopriadi  , Dwiguna Stephanie , Aziz Ari Rahmat , Nurhayati  , Hunafa Zahra 
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this community service is to make efforts to prevent the spread of non-communicable diseases. The formulation of the problem in this study is how to conduct early detection (screening) of health, how to increase the knowledge and ability of the Sri Meranti Village Community in overcoming non-communicable disease health problems, and how to empower the community in overcoming and preventing NCD problems that occur at home or in the neighborhood. The research method used is the prevention method by providing education related to what non-communicable diseases are and how to prevent them. The results obtained were an increase in community knowledge related to non-communicable diseases worth 31.41. It is hoped that this program, which has shown success, can be continued so that the number of non-communicable diseases can decrease in the community.
Evaluasi Produktivitas Alat Gali-Muat dan Alat Angkut Untuk Overburden dan Batubara di Pit Kungkilan Pt Ulima Nitra Tbk Jobsite Pt Budi Gema Gempita Kabupaten Lahat, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Ningsi Adelia Safriana , Razaqi Ferina Yasyfa , Yuwono Raditya Adi , Gobel Alieftiyani Paramita , Cahyaningsih Bimbi 
Published: July 2024

PT Ulima Nitra melakukan kegiatan penambangan di Wilayah Izin Usaha Pertambangan (WIUP) PT Budi Gema Gempita tepatnya di Pit Kungkilan. Penambangan di PT Ulima Nitra, Tbk dilakukan dengan sistem open pit. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengamatan di tiga fleet yang terdiri dari 2 fleet overburden dan 1 fleet batubara. Kegiatan penambangan batubara membutuhkan peralatan mekanis seperti alat gali muat untuk menggali tanah penutup dan menggali batubara. Material akan diangkut ke tempat penimbunan dengan alat angkut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui produktivitas alat gali-muat dan alat angkut yang digunakan serta mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini melibatkan pengamatan langsung di lokasi tepatnya di Pit Kungkilan PT Ulima Nitra, Tbk. Pada penelitian ini alat gali-muat yang digunakan antara lain 2 unit excavator Hitachi ZX-870LCH untuk overburden dan 1 unit excavator Volvo EC-480 untuk batubara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Excavator Komatsu PC-400 memiliki produktivitas sebesar 256 m³/jam dengan waktu siklus rata-rata 45 detik, sedangkan Caterpillar 320D memiliki produktivitas 180 m³/jam dengan waktu siklus rata-rata 50 detik. Untuk alat angkut, Dump Truck Hino 500 memiliki produktivitas 80 ton/jam dengan waktu siklus rata-rata 15 menit, sementara Scania P410 memiliki produktivitas 150 ton/jam dengan waktu siklus rata-rata 12 menit. Sedangkan untuk alat angkut yang digunakan adalah Komatsu HD465-7R dan CAT OHT 773E untuk overburden, dan dumptruck Hino 500 fm260 jd untuk batubara.