bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Familial Social Support and Psychological Well-being among Indonesian University Students
Authors: Widiyastuti  , Hardita Kusumaningrum 
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the relationship between familial social support and psychological well-being among students at the University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo. Despite the significance of social support in enhancing well-being, gaps persist in understanding its impact on university students. The aim is to address this gap by examining the correlation between family social support and psychological well-being among students. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected from 263 active students through nonprobability sampling. Analysis involved Pearson product-moment correlation with SPSS 25. Findings revealed a significant positive correlation (p = 0.019), indicating that higher familial support enhances psychological well-being. The study also yielded an R-squared value of 0.021, suggesting that 2.1% of psychological well-being variance is attributed to social support. Most students exhibited moderate levels of familial social support (51.3%) and psychological well-being (61.6%). Implications include the importance of family support in promoting students' well-being, highlighting the need for interventions to strengthen familial bonds and support systems to enhance student mental health and academic performance.
Highlight:

Family support enhances student well-being, vital for academic success.

Quantitative analysis confirms positive correlation between family support and well-being.

Study recommends interventions to bolster familial bonds for student resilience.

Kywoard: Familial social support, Psychological well-being, University students, Correlation analysis, Intervention implications.
Revolutionizing Seizure Detection and Monitoring in IoT-Connected Smart Healthcare: Advanced CNN Models and IoT Sensors
Authors: M Karpagam , M Naresh Kumar , K Valarmathi , A Ramathilagam , J Jeffin Gracewell , Kakarla Praveena , Subburayalu Gopalakrishnan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In the area of smart healthcare services in IoT-connected smart cities, the integration of cutting-edge CNN models such as DenseNet201, ResNet152V2, and MobileNetV2 with innovative IoT technology for automated seizure detection and monitoring through EEG data analysis. Leveraging a three-layer architecture encompassing device, edge server, and global cloud layers, this study has introduced a novel method to monitor patients' health conditions. The implementation of a cropping training strategy enhances deep learning model efficiency in scenarios with limited data. Notably, the classification accuracy of 2 level CNN models, particularly DenseNet201, reaches remarkable heights, with seizure detection rates ranging from 99.26% to 99.51%, and non-seizure accuracy spanning 99.25% to 99.46%. These models excel in precision for seizure identification, with values between 99.33% and 99.53%, and they exhibit robust recall, particularly 2 level CNN DenseNet201 with 99.24%. The use of Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) further affirms their precision and robustness, with values ranging from approximately 98.53% to 99.19%. This approach, combining advanced CNN models with IoT technology, holds great promise for efficient seizure detection and monitoring, while the assessment of energy consumption and task processing times underlines the importance of model selection and edge server configurations in optimizing system performance.
Sensitivity of Cercospora spp. to SDHI, QoI, DMI and SBI fungicides and resistance to QoI fungicides in Brazil
Authors: Silva Monikéli Aparecida da , Mathioni Sandra Maria , de Mello Flávia Elis , Antunes Ricardo Francisco Dejardins , Deuner Carolina Cardoso 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The most widely used control strategy for PSS (Purple Seed Stain) and CLB (Cercospora Leaf Blight), caused by the fungus Cercospora, is fungicides, which are essential for managing these diseases. However, cases of reduced sensitivity of these fungi to fungicides have been reported, as well as an increase in mutations for different chemical groups. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor the sensitivity of fungal species to the main fungicides used in soybean crops and identify the presence of mutations. This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity alteration of Cercospora spp. species in response to different fungicides, as well as to identify the G143A mutation in the cytb gene, related to resistance to the QoI chemical group. Isolates of Cercospora spp. were collected from different soybean-producing regions in Brazil. To determine the sensitivity of the isolates, the effective concentration (EC50) was determined in vitro using fungicides from different chemical groups, including SDHI, QoI, DMI, and SBI. The fungicide concentrations added to the PDA culture medium were: 1 mg.L-1, 10 mg.L-1, 50 mg.L-1, and 100 mg.L-1, with a control treatment of 0 mg.L-1. For the identification of the G143A mutation in the cytb gene, genetic sequencing was performed on 29 isolates. The SDHI fungicides showed EC50 values ranging from 53.91 to 100 mg.L-1 for Cercospora spp., indicating reduced sensitivity. The AZB fungicide (QoI) presented an EC50 value of 100 mg.L-1 for the tested species, which were insensitive. The DMI fungicides showed variations in EC50 values (0.12 to 100 mg.L-1), with species exhibiting variable sensitivity. The FPM fungicide (SBI) showed the lowest EC50 values <1 mg.L-1, with species being extremely sensitive. Resistance mutations in the G143A gene were detected in 86% of the isolates. Therefore, the results show that Cercospora species exhibited variations in sensitivity to fungicides, with DFZ, MFTZ, and FPM fungicides being the most fungitoxic and BFZ, BIX, FXD, PFF, and AZB being the least fungitoxic. The identification of the G143A mutation in the isolates underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and the use of practices that contribute to resistance management.
HSP60 controls mitochondrial ATP generation for optimal virus-specific IL-21-producing CD4 and cytotoxic CD8 memory T cell responses
Authors: Grevenynghe julien van , Ghahari Nazanin , Shegefti Saina , Alaei Mahsa , Amara Amine , Telittchenko Roman , Isnard Stephane , Routy Jean-Pierre , Olagnier David 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

We have shown that virus-specific CD4 and CD8 memory T cells (TM) induce autophagy after T cell receptor (TCR) engagement to provide free glutamine and fatty acids, including in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). These nutrients fuel mitochondrial ATP generation through glutaminolysis and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) pathways, to fulfill the bioenergetic demands for optimal IL-21 and cytotoxic molecule production in CD4 and CD8 cells, respectively. Here, we expand our knowledge on how the metabolic events that occur in the mitochondria of virus-specific TM down-stream of the autophagy are regulated. We show that HSP60 chaperone positively regulates the protein levels for multiple glutaminolysis- and FAO-related enzymes, thereby actively fueling the levels of cellular alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG) and related mitochondrial ATP-dependent antiviral T cell immunity in both CD4 and CD8 TM. Finally, we provide a way to rescue defective ATP generation in mitochondria and dependent effector functions in virus-specific TM including anti-HIV-1 protective responses, when HSP60 expression is impaired after TCR engagement in patients, in the form of dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate (DMKG) supplementation.
Historical and future winter chill for temperate fruit and nut trees in Afghanistan
Authors: Shinwari Atifullah , Caspersen Lars , Schiffers Katja , Luedeling Eike 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Temperate fruit trees require exposure to chill and heat conditions to overcome the dormant period in winter and resume growth in spring. Rising temperatures due to climate change have already impacted winter chill accumulation in horticulturally vital growing regions worldwide. Afghanistan’s intra-regional differences make the country favorable for producing a wide range of fruits and nuts, which constitute approximately 30% of the country's total export earnings. However, expected future temperature increases may be detrimental to the trees’ ability to fulfill their chilling requirements. To quantify this risk, we computed and mapped historical and future chill accumulation in Afghanistan. For this purpose, we used long-term daily temperature data from 1980 to 2020 for 51 hydrometeorological stations across the country. Based on the temperature data, we produced four future Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585) for five General Circulation Models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). We used the RMAWGEN weather generator to produce 100 synthetic realizations of weather records for historical (1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020) and future conditions (2035–2065 and 2070–2100). We quantified winter chill using the Dynamic Model. Additionally, we computed Safe Winter Chill (SWC), which is defined as the level of chill that is expected to be exceeded in 90% of years. We found that SWC has decreased in the low-lying regions mainly in the eastern, southern, and parts of the northern regions, and is projected to further decrease in the future. This reveals a possible future chill risk for high chill-requiring cultivars of different fruit and nut species, including apricot, peach, plum, pistachio and almond, in these regions. In contrast, we recorded an increase in SWC in the northern and central regions, marking these regions as potentially favorable for high-chill species in the future. Our findings support fruit and nut growers in Afghanistan in adapting their orchards to match species’ and cultivars' chill requirements with the expected future winter chill.
Diversity and biological Potential of endophytes of Pterocarpus erinaceus used in Benin (West Africa): A Step Towards Conservation and New Pharmacological Resources
Authors: Aliou Sophia , Fanou Brice , KLOTOE Jean Robert , Agbodjento Eric , Dougnon Victorien , Gbesso Norbert , Yangambele Toussaint , Hinnilo Curiace , Sovègnon Toussaint , Akotègnon Remi , Yemadje Alda , Nonviho Guevara , Fagbohoun Louis , Baba-Moussa Lamine 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background Pterocarpus erinaceus is a plant widely used in traditional medicine in Benin, treating various diseases such as diabetes, ulcers, parasitic infections, hypertension, and infertility. This plant is under strong anthropogenic pressure due to its overexploitation, putting it in danger of extinction. The study aims to explore the diversity and biological potential of endophytes of Pterocarpus erinaceus, with the aim of discovering new pharmacological resources while contributing to the conservation of this valuable species.Methods Fresh leaves, stems and roots of Pterocarpus erinaceus, collected in two phytogeographical zones of Benin, Savalou and Abomey-Calavi of Benin, were sterilized to eliminate surface microorganisms prior to cultivation and isolation of endophytes. Isolated endophytes were tested for various enzymatic activities (catalase, cellulase, protease, lipase and amylase) and their antibacterial activities were evaluated by measuring inhibition diameters. The content of total polyphenols and flavonoids was determined by spectrophotometry.Results The results showed that bacterial endophytes have a higher colonization (80.55%) and isolation (69.44%) rates than fungal endophytes (44.44% and 50% respectively). Bacterial endophytes expressed more enzymatic activities such as lecithinase and amylase, whereas fungal endophytes showed little. Only two fungal isolates (HT1a and HF2b) showed antibacterial activity, and one isolate (HF2b) showed antifungal action against Candida albicans, while no bacterial isolate demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity. Fungal isolates show significant variation in polyphenol content, while bacterial isolates show similar levels. As far as flavonoids are concerned, bacterial strains such as F3b and SR2C have high levels, unlike fungal endophytes which contain very few.Conclusion These results underscore the importance of conserving Pterocarpus erinaceus while exploring its endophytes for potential therapeutic applications.
The Mandarin Chinese Speech Database: A Large Corpus for Auditory Neutral Nonsense Pseudo-Sentences
Authors: Zhou Anqi , Li Qiuhong , Wu Chao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Word frequency, context, and length are three core elements that impact speech perception. Considering the limitations of previous Chinese stimulus databases, such as non-standardized sentence structures, uncontrolled emotional information that may exist in semantics, and a relatively small number of voice items, we developed an abundant and reliable Chinese Mandarin nonsense pseudo-sentences database with fixed syntax (pronoun + subject + adverbial + predicate + pronoun + object), lengths (6 two-character words), and high-frequency words in daily life. The high-frequency keywords (subject, predicate, and object) were extracted from China Daily. Ten native Chinese participants (five women and five men) evaluated the sentences. After removing sentences with potential emotional and semantic content valence, 3,148 meaningless neutral sentence text remained. The sentences were recorded by six native speakers (three males and three females) with broadcasting experience in a neutral tone. After examining and standardizing all the voices, 18,820 audio files were included in the corpus (https://osf.io/ra3gm/?view_only=98c3b6f1ee7747d3b3bcd60313cf395f). For each speaker, 12 acoustic parameters (duration, F0 mean, F0 standard deviation, F0 minimum, F0 maximum, harmonics-to-noise ratio, jitter, shimmer, in-tensity, root-mean-square amplitude, spectral center of gravity, and spectral spread) were retrieved, and there were significant gender differences in the acoustic features (all p < 0.001). This database could be valuable for researchers and clinicians to investigate rich topics, such as children’s reading ability, speech recognition abilities in different populations, and oral cues for orofacial movement training in stutterers.
A case of consumption coagulopathy during pregnancy due to leiomyoma degeneration
Authors: Kumagai Asako , Takeda Jun , Kawata Misato , Masaoka Shun , Yamamoto Yuka , Itakura Astuo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: Consumption coagulopathy during pregnancy is a very rare condition associated with an elevated risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The incidence of pregnancies complicated by leiomyomas is increasing as infertility treatments advance. Degeneration is a complication of leiomyomas during pregnancy. We encountered a leiomyoma degeneration-induced consumption coagulopathy during pregnancy that may have caused fetal periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).
Case presentation: a 42-year-old nulliparous woman with two leiomyomas was admitted to the hospital at 17 weeks and 5 days with leiomyoma degeneration and threatened preterm labour. Blood examination revealed severe inflammation, very low fibrinogenlevels, increased D-dimer levels, and prolonged PT-INR. These data suggested consumption coagulopathy; therefore, fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and dried human fibrinogen were administered, and the patient recovered from consumption coagulopathy. She was discharged once the inflammation improved by 19 weeks of gestation. At 41 weeks, the baby was delivered using forceps because of a non-reassuring fetal status (NRFS). The newborn had severe asphyxia, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on day 6 revealed a PVL. In this case, the timing of the coagulopathy consumption was too early for the development of PVL but the duration from delivery was too short to develop PVL.
Conclusion: Consumption coagulopathy might cause not only acute placental hypoxia, but also chronic placental hypoxia, which might have caused PVL in the most susceptible interval.
Rational Development of Fingolimod Nano-embedded Microparticles as Nose-to-Brain Neuroprotective Therapy for Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Su Guangpu , Shao Zitong , Chan Ho Wan , Li Si , Chow Stephanie , Tsang Chi Kwan , Chow Shing Fung 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Ischemic stroke is one of the major diseases causing varying degrees of dysfunction and disability worldwide. The current management of ischemic stroke poses significant challenges due to short therapeutic windows and limited efficacy, leading to a pressing need for novel neuroprotective treatment strategies. Previous studies have shown that fingolimod (FIN) is a promising neuroprotective drug. Here, we report the rational development of FIN nano-embedded nasal powders using full factorial design experiments, aiming to provide rapid neuroprotection after ischemic stroke. Flash nanoprecipitation was employed to produce FIN nanosuspensions with the aid of polyvinylpyrrolidone and cholesterol as stabilizers. The optimized nanosuspension was subsequently spray-dried into a dry powder, which exhibited excellent redispersibility (RdI = 1.09 ± 0.04) and satisfactory drug deposition in the olfactory region using a customized 3D-printed nasal cast and an Alberta Idealized Nasal Inlet model. The safety of the optimized FIN dry powder was confirmed in cytotoxicity studies with nasal and brain cells, while the neuroprotective effects were demonstrated by observed behavioral improvements and reduced cerebral infarct size in an established mouse stroke model. The neuroprotective effect was further evidenced by increased expression of anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2 and decreased expression of pro-apoptotic proteins CC3 and BAX in brain peri-infarct tissues. Our findings highlight the potential of nasal delivery of FIN nano-embedded dry powder as a rapid neuroprotective treatment strategy for acute ischemic stroke.
Effect of Sarcopenia Combined with Metabolic Syndrome (MS) on the Prognosis of Intertrochanteric Fractures: A Retrospective Clinical Study
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Wang Ding , Wu Xitao , Zhang Qinrui , Wu Congcong , Lang Junzhe , Chen Lei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Hip fractures, particularly intertrochanteric fractures, represent one of the most prevalent types of fractures among the elderly. This study aims to evaluate the impact of sarcopenia and metabolic syndrome (MS), individually and in combination, on postoperative outcomes in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 460 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures. Patients were divided into control, MS, sarcopenia, and combined group Baseline data and outcomes of MS group, sarcopenia group and combined group were each compared with control group. Binary logistic regression models were employed to identify independent risk factors for poor postoperative functional recovery.
Results
The study included 174 patients in the control group, 122 in the MS group, 89 in the sarcopenia group, and 75 in the combined group. The MS group had younger patients with higher BMI, hypertension, diabetes prevalence, and longer surgery durations (P < 0.05). Sarcopenia and combined groups exhibited lower weight, BMI, handgrip strength, ASMI, and higher ASA scores (P < 0.05). At the 3-month follow-up, the sarcopenia and combined groups had significantly lower Harris Hip Scores (HHS) and Barthel Index (BI) scores compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression identified sarcopenia alone (OR 6.5, 95% CI 2.56-20,1; P < 0.001) and combined with MS (OR 9.46, 95% CI 3.33–34.8; P < 0.001) as significant predictors of poor postoperative recovery.
Conclusion
Sarcopenia, particularly when combined with MS, significantly worsens postoperative prognosis in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures. Comprehensive preoperative assessments and tailored postoperative management strategies, including nutritional support and early rehabilitation, are crucial to improve outcomes for this vulnerable population. Integrating these findings into clinical practice can enhance care and reduce postoperative complications, ultimately improving prognosis.
Characterization of Specific Responses to Three Models of Viral Antigens in Immunocompetent Older Adults
Authors: Rioseras Beatriz , Bueno-García Eva , García-Torre Alejandra , López-Martínez Rocío , Moro-García Marco Antonio , Alonso-Alvarez Sara , Menéndez-García Victoria , Lluna-González Alba , Sousa-Fernández Alejandra , Gudin Marta Fernández , Riopedre Laura Campos , Cueto Corina Castro del , Fernández Ana Belén Pérez , Rodríguez Ana Alonso , Peña Carla Menéndez , Peña Lara Menéndez , Arnaldo Noelia García , Díaz Estefanía Feito , Lorences Adriana Fernández , Manzano Agustín Fraile , Iglesias Carolina Fernández , Rivera Jose Arturo , Fonseca Carmen Pérez , Ruano Estibaliz Urdiales , Fernández María Debán , Moreira Hugo Mendes , Puente Pablo Herrero , Alonso-Arias Rebeca 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Memory responses to the antigens that an individual encounters throughout life may vary with the intensity and duration of antigen contacts or even changes in immune status over time. This work aims to characterise specific responses to chronic CMV, seasonal influenza and novel SARS-CoV-2 infections in immunocompetent individuals over 60 years of age. Specific cellular and humoral responses were identified by IFN-γ and granzyme-B released by ELISpot and antibody level measurement. T lymphocyte subpopulation phenotypes were characterized by flow cytometry.
Results
Cellular and humoral responses to these viruses were detected in almost all patients. Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 cellular responses were positively correlated. There was no significant correlation of CMV with influenza or SARS-CoV-2 responses although both were consistently lower in CMV-seropositive patients. CMV responses were negatively correlated with the levels of the least differentiated subsets of T lymphocytes, and positively correlated with the most differentiated ones, contrary to what happened with the influenza responses. Nevertheless, SARS-CoV-2 cellular responses were negatively correlated with the most differentiated CD8+ T lymphocytes, while humoral responses were negatively correlated with the least differentiated T lymphocytes. Responses to the three viruses were correlated with a Th1/Th2/Th17 balance in favour of Th1.
Conclusions
Results indicate that memory responses differ depending on the durability of the antigen stimulus. Cellular responses to novel pathogens resemble those generated by seasonal but not chronic antigens. Subpopulation distribution and the level of specific T lymphocytes against previous pathogens could be used as immunocompetent status biomarkers in older adults reflecting their ability to generate memory responses to new pathogens.