bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EphrinB2 sharpens lateral motor column division in the developing spinal cord
Authors: Luxey Maëva , Laussu Julien , Davy Alice 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background
During sensori-motor circuit development, the somas of motoneurons (MN) are distributed in a topographic manner in the ventral horn of the neural tube. Indeed, their position within the lateral motor columns (LMC) correlates with axonal trajectories and identity of target limb muscles. The mechanisms by which this topographic distribution is established remains poorly understood. To address this issue, we assessed the role of ephrinB2 in MN topographic organization in the developing mouse spinal cord.

Results
First, we used a reporter mouse line to establish the spatio-temporal expression pattern of EfnB2 in the developing LMC. We show that early in LMC development, ephrinB2 is differentially expressed in MN of the lateral versus medial LMC, suggesting a possible role in MN sorting and/or migration. We demonstrate that while MN-specific excision of EfnB2 did not perturb specification or migration of MN, conditional loss of ephrinB2 led to the blurring of the LMC divisional boundary and to errors in the selection of LMC axon trajectory in the limb.

Conclusions
Altogether, our study uncovered a novel cell autonomous role for ephrinB2 in LMC MN thus emphasizing the prevalent role of this ephrin member in maintaining cell population boundaries.
High-quality permanent draft genome sequence of Bradyrhizobium sp. strain WSM1743 - an effective microsymbiont of an Indigofera sp. growing in Australia
Authors: Eshraghi Leila , De Meyer Sofie E. , Tian Rui , Seshadri Rekha , Ivanova Natalia , Pati Amrita , Markowitz Victor , Woyke Tanja , Kyrpides Nikos C. , Tiwari Ravi , Yates Ron , Howieson John , Reeve Wayne 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBradyrhizobium sp. strain WSM1743 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that can exist as a soil saprophyte or as a legume microsymbiont of an Indigofera sp. WSM1743 was isolated from a nodule recovered from the roots of an Indigofera sp. growing 20 km north of Carnarvon in Australia. It is slow growing, tolerates up to 1 % NaCl and is capable of growth at 37 °C. Here we describe the features of Bradyrhizobium sp. strain WSM1743, together with genome sequence information and its annotation. The 8,341,956 bp high-quality permanent draft genome is arranged into 163 scaffolds and 167 contigs, contains 7908 protein-coding genes and 75 RNA-only encoding genes and was sequenced as part of the Root Nodule Bacteria chapter of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project.
Partial genome sequence of the haloalkaliphilic soda lake bacterium Thioalkalivibrio thiocyanoxidans ARh 2T
Authors: Berben Tom , Sorokin Dimitry Y. , Ivanova Natalia , Pati Amrita , Kyrpides Nikos , Goodwin Lynne A. , Woyke Tanja , Muyzer Gerard 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThioalkalivibrio thiocyanoxidans strain ARh 2T is a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium isolated from haloalkaline soda lakes. It is a motile, Gram-negative member of the Gammaproteobacteria. Remarkable properties include the ability to grow on thiocyanate as the sole energy, sulfur and nitrogen source, and the capability of growth at salinities of up to 4.3 M total Na+. This draft genome sequence consists of 61 scaffolds comprising 2,765,337 bp, and contains 2616 protein-coding and 61 RNA-coding genes. This organism was sequenced as part of the Community Science Program of the DOE Joint Genome Institute.
Hydrosilane-Assisted Formation of Metal Nanoparticles on Graphene Oxide
Authors: Saito Akinori , Kinoshita Hiroshi , Shimizu Ken-ichi , Nishina Yuta 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Metal nanoparticles were formed on graphene oxide by a deposition process with hydrosilane, giving thin layer metal–graphene oxide (metal/GO) composites. The particle size and catalytic activity could be controlled by varying the hydrosilane amount. Hydrosilane prevented the aggregation of GO layers by surface functionalization via silane coupling reaction. The metal/GO composites were evaluated as catalysts in hydrosilane oxidation.
Robust Comparative Statics of Risk Changes
Authors: Nocetti Diego C. 
Published: October 2015

The standard method for establishing the comparative statics of risk changes in optimization problems has been confined to comparing unique interior solutions, relying on strong assumptions about payoff functions and decision variables. We propose a simple and intuitive approach that hinges on considerably weaker assumptions. Merging insights from the monotone comparative statics literature with insights from the risk apportionment literature, we show that the ranking of simple lottery pairs is all that is needed for establishing the comparative statics of risk changes. We use this approach to analyze the comparative statics of Nth-degree stochastic dominance shifts in a general setting with one and with multiple decision variables, and we show how these results can be applied to generalize the classical theories of precautionary saving, self-protection, and others. This paper was accepted by James Smith, decision analysis.
3D automatic liver segmentation using feature-constrained Mahalanobis distance in CT images
Authors: Salman Al-Shaikhli Saif Dawood , Yang Michael Ying , Rosenhahn Bodo 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Automatic 3D liver segmentation is a fundamental step in the liver disease diagnosis and surgery planning. This paper presents a novel fully automatic algorithm for 3D liver segmentation in clinical 3D computed tomography (CT) images. Based on image features, we propose a new Mahalanobis distance cost function using an active shape model (ASM). We call our method MD-ASM. Unlike the standard active shape model (ST-ASM), the proposed method introduces a new feature-constrained Mahalanobis distance cost function to measure the distance between the generated shape during the iterative step and the mean shape model. The proposed Mahalanobis distance function is learned from a public database of liver segmentation challenge (MICCAI-SLiver07). As a refinement step, we propose the use of a 3D graph-cut segmentation. Foreground and background labels are automatically selected using texture features of the learned Mahalanobis distance. Quantitatively, the proposed method is evaluated using two clinical 3D CT scan databases (MICCAI-SLiver07 and MIDAS). The evaluation of the MICCAI-SLiver07 database is obtained by the challenge organizers using five different metric scores. The experimental results demonstrate the availability of the proposed method by achieving an accurate liver segmentation compared to the state-of-the-art methods.
Seaweed extract by microwave assisted extraction as plant growth biostimulant
Authors: Michalak Izabela , Tuhy Łukasz , Chojnacka Katarzyna 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) was used to obtain aqueous extracts of Baltic seaweeds. Three different temperatures: 25, 40, 60°C were examined. Algal extracts were characterized in terms of polyphenols, micro- and macroelements, lipids content and antibacterial properties. This is the first study that examines the effect of algal extract obtained by MAE in plant cultivation. The utilitarian properties were checked in the germination tests on Lepidium sativum for three dilutions of extract (0.5, 2.5 and 10%). Results showed that the content of polyphenols in extracts decreased with temperature, whereas the content of micro- and macroalements increased with temperature. The aqueous extracts did not contain fatty acids and did not show inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Germination tests showed that plants in the experimental groups with an optimal concentration of extract had a higher height, weight, chlorophyll and micro- and macroelement content than plants in the control group. The algal extracts did not significantly influence the morphology of plants as shown in SEM pictures. Results show that algal extracts obtained by MAE have the highest potential applied in agriculture as biostimulants.
Extruded corn gruels containing linden flowers: quantitation of phenolic compounds
and selected quality characteristics
Authors: Oniszczuk Anna , Wójtowicz Agnieszka , Oniszczuk Tomasz , Olech Marta , Nowak Renata , Wojtunik Karolina , Klimek Magdalena , Krawczyk Wojciech , Hajnos Mieczysław 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Extrusion-cooking of plant materials may enhance antioxidant activity and improve health benefits. Selected antioxidant polyphenols in extruded corn gruels enriched with different amounts of linden flowers were determined by LC-ESI-MS/MS and quality characteristics were determined.

Phenolic content increased with Tiliae inflorescentia addition and was not decreased by high-temperature extrusion. Linden flower incorporation into instant gruels should be limited to 10% to retain acceptable sensory properties.
Interfacial Evolution of Cement and Steel in CO2 Dissolved Solution Under High Temperature and High Pressure
Authors: Ren Chengqiang , Peng Ye , Li Bing , Wang Shuliang , Shi Taihe 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe experiments were operated for the cylindrical sample (cement/steel) in high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) CO2 environment to simulate surrounding CO2 attack in oil and gas well. The interfacial evolutions between well cement and casing steel were measured, including mechanical property, structure alteration, chemical change and electrochemical character. The interfacial behaviors are attributed to the competition of hydration and degradation of Portland cement. The damage at the interface was faster than the cement bulk deterioration by carbonation. Thus, the interface provided a potential flow leakage pathway for the HTHP gas and fluid in the well, so improving interfacial stability between well cement and casing steel is the key issue to long-term zonal isolation.
NMR Relaxometry and Imaging to Study Water Dynamics during Soaking and Blanching of Soybean
Authors: Li Teng , Rui Xin , Tu Chuanhai , Li Wei , Wang Kun , Huang Lu , Dong Mingsheng 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
In the present study, soaking and blanching soybean were studied by time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) relaxometry and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Four proton fractions with different mobilities were observed in dried, soaked and blanched soybean samples, which reflects macromolecule, oil and water in different microenvironment of soybean. The proton distribution of soybean was significantly changed during soaking process. According to the result of MRI, water may initially penetrated into soybean from its radicle and micropyle. In terms of water distribution, the optimum soaking time for soybean was appeared to be 8 h. Blanching also significantly changed the proton distribution of soybean. During blanching, all four proton fractions became more mobile, and the accumulation of extracellular water was observed due to the partial destruction of cell/membrane integrity. The heat-induced variations of cotyledon tissues structure mainly occurred in the first 30 min, which implied blanching process should last at least for 30 min.
Finite automata for Schreier graphs of
virtually free groups
Authors: Silva Pedro V. , Soler-Escrivà Xaro , Ventura Enric 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
The Stallings construction for f.g. subgroups of free groups is generalized by introducing the concept of Stallings section, which allows efficient computation of the core of a Schreier graph based on edge folding. It is proved that the groups that admit Stallings sections are precisely the f.g. virtually free groups, this is proved through a constructive approach based on Bass–Serre theory. Complexity issues and applications are also discussed.
Tau-mediated synaptic damage in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Jadhav Santosh , Cubinkova Veronika , Zimova Ivana , Brezovakova Veronika , Madari Aladar , Cigankova Viera , Zilka Norbert 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Synapses are the principal sites for chemical communication between neurons and are essential for performing
the dynamic functions of the brain. In Alzheimer’s disease and related tauopathies, synapses are exposed to
disease modified protein tau, which may cause the loss of synaptic contacts that culminate in dementia. In recent
decades, structural, transcriptomic and proteomic studies suggest that Alzheimer’s disease represents a synaptic
disorder. Tau neurofibrillary pathology and synaptic loss correlate well with cognitive impairment in these
disorders. Moreover, regional distribution and the load of neurofibrillary lesions parallel the distribution of the
synaptic loss. Several transgenic models of tauopathy expressing various forms of tau protein exhibit structural
synaptic deficits. The pathological tau proteins cause the dysregulation of synaptic proteome and lead to the
functional abnormalities of synaptic transmission. A large body of evidence suggests that tau protein plays a key
role in the synaptic impairment of human tauopathies.
Evaluation of the water soluble extractive of astragali radix with different growth patterns using 1H-NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Zheng-Zheng , Tian Dong , Gao Ji-Ning , Qin Xue-Mei , Li Zhen-Yu 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Astragali radix (AR), known in China as huangqi, is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. Water soluble extractive (WSE) values play an important role in the quality evaluation of herbal drugs. In this study, WSE of wild and cultivated AR were compared systematically. The WSE value of cultivated AR was significantly higher than that of the wild AR, and their UV-absorbance in the range of 250–400 nm was also different. The chemical compositions of different WSE were further compared by 1H NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis. Results from the principal component analysis and the hierarchical cluster analysis showed a clear separation between the WSEs of wild and cultivated AR. The differential metabolites responsible for the separation were identified by orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis and recursive support vector machine. The WSE of wild AR contained more arginine, valine, threonine, asparagine, succinate, and glutamine, while the cultivated AR contained more sucrose. Thus, the WSE can be used as a simple and reliable method for discrimination of wild and cultivated ARs, and the results obtained in this study extend the potential use of WSE in the quality evaluation of herbal drugs.
Customer Perceptions of Service Quality in Luxury Hotels in Petra and Aqaba, Jordan: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Abukhalifeh Ala`a Nimer 
Published: October 2015

The aim of the study is to assess customers perception of service quality in luxury hotels, in both, Petra (The iconic tourist attraction), and Aqaba (The commercial capital) on the Red Sea in Jordan and to help the hotel management identify how guest perceive the services and compare their performance against clients expectation.
The study used a survey and interviews to accumulate information using SPSS version 20.0 for data analysis. The study sample consists of 271 participants of hotel guests at four- and five-star hotels in Petra and Aqaba. Findings results show that for responses relating to front office, room service, and in-house cafe/restaurant, the importance score is statistically significant to and higher than the performance rating. Overall, the results indicate a significant difference in guest expectations and actual experiences, thus highlighting managerial implications. The current study cannot claim to be wholly conclusive as it is limited to a small sample size from only two cities of Jordan.
From a practitioner’s perspective, the study provides an opportunity to recognize, in ranking order, features that are considered important by the guests staying in luxury hotels of Petra and Aqaba, as well as to identify the areas of disparity in service quality.
It is observed that this is a significant study regards to its contribution to the literature and hotel managers who plan to improve their performance and competitiveness through guest satisfaction.
The Issues and Perspectives of Pilgrimage Tourism Development in Thanjavur
Authors: Vijayanand S. 
Published: October 2015

Pilgrimage tourism is the type of tourism that entirely or powerfully motivates tourists for the achievement of religious attitudes and practices. One of the oldest types of visiting the attractions and a global experience in the olden times of spiritual growth, it can be differentiated into different forms. The temporary religious sightseeing is well-known by excursions to close by pilgrimage centers or religious conferences. The durable implies visits of quite a few days or weeks to nationwide and worldwide pilgrimage sites or conferences. This paper investigates the issues and challenges of pilgrimage tourism and also it’s civilizing significance in Thanjavur.
The scope of socio-economic enlargement during pilgrimage tourism and analysis of the communications issues pertaining to the pilgrimage location of Thanjavur is dealt through in this study. The levels of inspiration and prospect of religious tourists are recognized as type factors in emergent pilgrimage tourism in the State. The data for this study as collected from crowd citizens occupied in pilgrimage tourism actions. The quantity of involvement of pilgrimage tourists in pilgrimage tourism development of Thanjavur is elucidated in this study.
This study is generally based on primary data; secondary data necessary for this study was composed since unusual dependable sources.
OS FUNDAMENTOS DA EDUCAÇÃO MODERNA SOB SUSPEITA: A CRÍTICA PÓS-ESTRUTURALISTA E A PRODUÇÃO DE IDENTIDADES E DIFERENÇAS
Authors: Lizott Tedeschi Sirley , Pavan Ruth 
Published: October 2015

<p>No texto analisam-se os fundamentos da educação moderna e as implicações<br />na produção das identidades e diferenças dos sujeitos. Toma-se como referência<br />o campo teórico pós-estruturalista e se entende que a educação na modernidade incorpora o conceito de sujeito epistêmico e a pedagogia do método e das técnicas de ensino. Reporta-se aos estudos de Nietzsche e Foucault em uma tentativa de pensar a educação, considerando a natureza produtiva do poder, sua relação com o saber e a produção de identidades e diferenças. Esses autores possibilitam contestar as identidades hegemônicas produzidas pela racionalidade moderna mostrando sua constituição no mundo cultural e social e abrindo espaços para a constituição de outras subjetividades, outras identidades, outras diferenças.<br />Palavras-chave: Modernidade. Educação. Identidade. Diferença.</p>
EDUCAÇÃO E DEMOCRACIA: FORMAÇÃO POLÍTICA PARA A CONVIVÊNCIA EM UMA SOCIEDADE PLURAL
Authors: Marcon Telmo 
Published: October 2015

<p>Com o presente artigo, objetivou-se refletir sobre os desafios de uma educação<br />para a democracia no contexto das sociedades complexas, nas quais a diversidade e a pluralidade se evidenciam com muita intensidade. Buscando alcançar conta esse objetivo, no artigo, contextualizam-se algumas críticas à democracia, analisam-se alguns pressupostos de uma educação para a democracia e se conclui apontando alguns desafios postos às instituições sociais, particularmente à escola, no sentido de cumprir sua função de formadora intelectual e política dos cidadãos. Defende-se, aqui, a tese<br />de que a democracia, concebida como organização política e como modo de vida, constitui-se em uma perspectiva fecunda para o enfrentamento e a superação de conflitos e para uma convivência social fundamentada no diálogo.<br />Palavras-chave: Educação. Política educacional. Democracia. Gestão democrática.</p>
A EXPERIÊNCIA ESTÉTICA COMO ACONTECIMENTO FORMATIVO ÉTICO
Authors: Lago Clênio , Vani Andressa Cristina 
Published: October 2015

<p>Partimos do entendimento de que o ensino de arte é portador de possibilidades<br />formativas, pois seu modo de ser originário originante é, essencialmente, o<br />modo de ser do diálogo. Por isso, pergunta-se pela compreensão da relação estética e formação dos arte-educadores que atuam na SDR de São Miguel do Oeste/SC. As argumentações teóricas estão estruturadas no horizonte da Hermenêutica Filosófica que questiona a distinção estética e compreende o ser com temporalidade, o humano como obra em obra. As respostas da pesquisa empírica indicam compreensões pouco apuradas quanto à experiência estética em si e a relação desta com a formação, ao mesmo tempo que chamam para a experiência estética como formação ética. Conclui- -se pela necessidade de uma formação de professores para além da distinção estética, no âmbito da compreensão profunda entre experiência estética e formação.<br />Palavras-chave: Ensino da Arte. Experiência Estética. Formação. Ética.</p>
DIFICULDADES DE APRENDIZAGEM NO CONTEXTO DAS PRODUÇÕES ACADÊMICAS BRASILEIRAS (2001-2011)
Authors: Bortolatto Serafin Elaine Cristina , Serafim Pereira Antonio 
Published: October 2015

<p>Neste trabalho, descreve-se o processo de pesquisa com o qual se objetivou analisar as concepções de dificuldades de aprendizagem nas produções acadêmicas em educação (2001-2011). O estudo possibilitou formular três ênfases temáticas: dificuldade de aprendizagem diferente de distúrbio ou transtorno, dificuldade como distúrbio ou transtorno e fatores implicados (intrínsecos e extrínsecos). A primeira sobressaiu-se na maioria das produções, nas quais autores concebem as dificuldades como temporárias, mais associadas ao contexto social (fatores extrínsecos), o qual, no entanto, tende a ser tomado como justificativa para confirmar o caráter patológico da dificuldade de aprendizagem diagnosticada.</p><p>Palavras-chave: Concepções de dificuldades de aprendizagem. Fracasso escolar. Ensino e aprendizagem.</p>
Specialities of the corporate tax in connection with the sports organizations
Authors: Herczeg Adrienn , Dékán Tamásné Orbán Ildikó , Becsky-Nagy Patrícia , Fenyves Veronika 
Published: October 2015

In 2004 Hungary joined the EU, therefore its tax system is harmonized with EU directives and its trade with the EU is liberalized and exempt from customs restrictions. In the past few years Hungarian government introduced significant corporate tax advances in order to increase Hungary’s competitiveness for foreign capital. With the flat 10% corporate tax rate, Hungary has one of the the lowest corporate income tax rate in the European Union. Since 2011 new corporate tax incentive was adopted in order to create a tax advantageous economic environment for supporting the five most popular team sports in Hungary, namely, football, handball, basketball, water polo and ice hockey. The following article provides a rough guide on the corporate taxation – in particular of sport organizations in Hungary.
JEL code: H25