bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross‐cultural adaptation and measurement properties of the Persian version of the modified Cincinnati knee rating system
Authors: Eshraghi Nasim , Mirghaderi Peyman , Omid Reza , Sajadi Mohamad , Pashapour‐Yeganeh Amirreza , Mortazavi S. M. Javad 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo validate and assess the cross‐sectional adaptation of the modified Cincinnati knee rating system (MCRKS) Persian translation.MethodsTo assess test‐pretest reliability, 102 participants were asked to fill out the MCRKS (Per) scale after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α), reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients), construct validity (Pearson's r) and sensitivity (floor/ceiling effect) were determined. In addition, patients completed other relevant measures as the ACL return to sports after injury (ACL‐RSI) survey, hospital for special surgery ACL satisfaction survey (HSS ACL‐SS), visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain and patient's satisfaction, Tegner activity score (TAS), single assessment numeric evaluation, and Lysholm score.ResultsUsing MCRKS (Per), the internal consistency (Cronbach's α) was 0.9 (if item deleted: 0.81–0.86); the construct validity (Pearson's r) varied between –0.50 (for VAS pain scale) and 0.79 (for Lysholm score); the reliability (ICC value) varied between 0.82 and 0.97; furthermore, no ceiling or floor effect was present.ConclusionThe MCRKS (Per) has adequate measurement properties and is considered a valid, reliable and sensitive instrument which can identify clinical outcomes after ACLR surgery.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Delayed anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and risk of meniscus injury: Exploring the safest delay interval
Authors: Utoyo Ghuna Arioharjo , Fachri Dliyauddin , Calvin  
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeThe duration for which anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) can be delayed without resulting in a risk of subsequent meniscus injury has remained a debatable topic. The main purpose of this study was to determine the safest delay interval for a delayed ACLR.MethodsThis retrospective study included all patients who underwent ACLR between January 2020 and January 2022. The patients were divided into four groups based on the delay interval: <3 months, 3–6 months, 6–12 months and >12 months. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) at 1‐year postoperatively.ResultsA total of 95 patients were included in this study. ACLR delay of 3–6 months was not associated with the risk of meniscus injury, while a delay of 6–12 months (odds ratio [OR] = 4.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13–16.79; p = 0.031) and >12 months (OR = 10.68; 95% CI = 2.55–42.22; p = 0.001) was associated with a likelihood of developing meniscus injury. Meniscus injury risk increased by 12% for each month of ACLR delay (OR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.04–1.22; p = 0.003). Regarding clinical outcomes at 1‐year postoperatively, all groups exhibit the same clinical results.ConclusionACLR can be safely delayed up to 6 months after the initial injury. However, a delay for >6 months must be avoided, as it was found to significantly increase the likelihood of developing a meniscus injury.Level of EvidenceLevel III, retrospective comparative study.
Leveraging SEER data through machine learning to predict distant lymph node metastasis and prognosticate outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Sun Jiaxuan , Huang Lei , Liu Yahui 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to develop and validate machine learning–based diagnostic and prognostic models to predict the risk of distant lymph node metastases (DLNM) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to evaluate the prognosis for this cohort.DesignUtilizing a retrospective design, this investigation leverages data extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, specifically the January 2024 subset, to conduct the analysis.ParticipantsThe study cohort consists of 15,775 patients diagnosed with HCC as identified within the SEER database, spanning 2016 to 2020.MethodIn the construction of the diagnostic model, recursive feature elimination (RFE) is employed for variable selection, incorporating five critical predictors: age, tumor size, radiation therapy, T‐stage, and serum alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) levels. These variables are the foundation for a stacking ensemble model, which is further elucidated through Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP). Conversely, the prognostic model is crafted utilizing stepwise backward regression to select pertinent variables, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, tumor size, and age. This model culminates in the development of a prognostic nomogram, underpinned by the Cox proportional hazards model.Main outcome measuresThe outcome of the diagnostic model is the occurrence of DLNM in patients. The outcome of the prognosis model is determined by survival time and survival status.ResultsThe integrated model developed based on stacking demonstrates good predictive performance and high interpretative variability and differentiation. The area under the curve (AUC) in the training set is 0.767, while the AUC in the validation set is 0.768. The nomogram, constructed using the Cox model, also demonstrates consistent and strong predictive capabilities. At the same time, we recognized elements that have a substantial impact on DLNM and the prognosis and extensively discussed their significance in the model and clinical practice.ConclusionOur study identified key predictive factors for DLNM and elucidated significant prognostic indicators for HCC patients with DLNM. These findings provide clinicians with valuable tools to accurately identify high‐risk individuals for DLNM and conduct more precise risk stratification for this patient subgroup, potentially improving management strategies and patient outcomes.
Numerical modeling of HTS excited medium‐speed wind generators with diode rectifier stator feeding
Authors: Köster Robin , Binder Andreas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMedium‐speed wind generators in the MW‐range with high‐temperature superconducting excitation winding are analyzed by means of non‐linear 2D and 3D FEM models. Besides an inverter‐based sinusoidal stator current feeding, a grid connection via a diode rectifier is analyzed by using coupled FEM and circuit simulations. The newly proposed modeling techniques are used to determine the excitation requirement for speed‐variable, unity power factor operation at constant stator voltage, as required for a diode rectifier feeding of the stator winding. 2D FEM models in the H‐A‐formulation are developed and used for the calculation of the hysteresis loss in the superconducting field winding at stationary operation as well as for an investigation of field current variations in the HTS field winding. The major modeling challenges consist in very long settling times of voltage‐fed models, several strong model non‐linearities and high requirements on the spatial discretization. Approaches for overcoming these difficulties with reasonable computational efficiency are proposed.
Coupling effects of irrigation and nitrogen on spring maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions in Northwestern China
Authors: Wang Hairui , Bai Qingjun , Ma Lina , Wan Yu , Dang Xiaowen , Li Jun , Wang Ruonan , Wang Tengfei , Zeng Xuemei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study explored the mechanism of irrigation and nitrogen (N) coupling on spring maize yield and soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with the objective of achieving water saving, high yield and emission reduction. Field experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of multiple irrigation and N management strategies on GHG emissions and to determine the optimal balance between GHG, water conservation and grain yield. The experiments were conducted on spring maize with three irrigation levels (low, IL; medium, IM; and high, IH) and 4 N application levels (N40, N80, N120 and N160 kg N ha−1).RESULTSThe IL treatment exhibited the lowest N2O and CO2 emission fluxes and the lowest CH4 uptake fluxes. The N40 treatment exhibited the lowest N2O and CO2 emission fluxes and the highest CH4 uptake flux. Significant positive correlations were observed among N2O and CO2 emission fluxes, CH4 uptake fluxes, and soil moisture and inorganic N content. Maize yield initially increased and then decreased with rising levels of irrigation and N management. By employing the TOPSIS method to assess yield and greenhouse effects, we identified the IMN120 treatment as optimal given that this treatment achieved the highest yield (14 686.26 kg ha−1) and water use efficiency (3.51 kg m−3) while maintaining relatively low global warming potential (573.30 kg CO2 eq ∙ ha−1) and GHG intensity (0.0390 kg CO2 eq ∙ kg−1).CONCLUSIONIrrigation optimization and N management are key to reducing GHG emissions, enhancing yield, and promoting both the sustainable development of agriculture and environmental protection. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Investigation of miniature goat cheese produced from Cynara scolymus L. pistil cell suspension culture extracts elicited with melatonin and salicylic acid
Authors: Akçay Ufuk Çelikkol , Çayir Özlem , Şimşek Bedia 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study aimed to evaluate the potential of enzymes produced by artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) flower cell suspension cultures elicited by melatonin (5 μm) and salicylic acid (50 μm) on the production and characteristics of miniature goat cheeses. In this study, five types of fresh miniature goat cheese were produced using whole artichoke flower extract, salicylic acid (50 μm) or melatonin (5 μm) treated artichoke suspension cell culture extracts, a culture extract without elicitor treatment (control) and rennin enzyme.RESULTSThe milk clotting activity values of the enzymes were measured in the range 0.52–0.74. The effect of the enzymes on the titratable acidity, water‐soluble nitrogen, ripening index, αs‐caseins and β‐caseins of goat cheese was significant (P < 0.05). The highest level of casein degradation was observed in the cheese produced with the enzyme containing melatonin, followed by the cheese produced with the enzyme containing salicylic acid.CONCLUSIONFor the enzymes produced by the suspension cell culture method, the addition of melatonin and salicylic acid had a slightly positive effect on the proteolytic activity of the extracts. It was also found that the enzymes obtained from artichokes by the suspension cell culture method did not achieve successful cheese production in terms of chemical, textural and biochemical aspects compared to those obtained from animal enzymes. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Primary adrenal sarcomas: A national analysis of epidemiological trends, treatment patterns, and outcomes
Authors: Aryal Bibek , Falls Samantha , Yin Yue , Wagner Patrick L. , Bartlett David L. , Wegner Rodney E. , Allen Casey J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPrimary adrenal sarcoma (PAS) is an exceedingly rare malignancy with limited data available on its epidemiology, management, and outcomes. This study aimed to characterize the national incidence, treatment patterns, and survival of PAS utilizing a National Cancer Database.MethodsThe National Cancer Database was queried for patients diagnosed with primary adrenal tumors from 2004 to 2019. Cases with sarcoma histology were identified as PAS. Annual incidence trends, histological distribution, treatment modalities (surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy), perioperative outcomes, and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.ResultsOf 7213 primary adrenal tumor cases, 332 (4.6%) were PAS. The most common histological subtypes were leiomyosarcoma (37.3%), hemangiosarcoma (27.1%), and sarcoma not otherwise specified (6.0%). Most cases (71.7%) presented as locoregional disease. Treatment included surgery alone (47.8%), surgery plus chemotherapy and/or radiation (27.1%), chemotherapy/radiation alone (13.3%), or no treatment (13.9%). For surgical cases, the median length of stay was 5 days, the 30‐day readmission rate was 3.36%, and the 30/90‐day mortality rates were 3.65% and 9.90%, respectively. The 5‐year OS rate for surgery alone was 43%, with a median OS of 34.6 months. For surgery with radiation/chemotherapy, the 5‐year OS rate was 37.3%, with a median OS of 35.4 months.ConclusionsThis largest analysis of PAS to date demonstrates that most cases present as locoregional disease amenable to surgical resection, with favorable outcomes. The role of adjuvant therapy remains unclear, as no significant survival difference was observed between surgery alone and multimodal treatment.
After 40 days intra‐articular injury, risk profile increases linearly with time to surgery in adolescent patients undergoing primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Phillips Todd , Ronna Brenden , Terner Zach , Cushing Tucker , Goldenberg Neal , Shybut Theodore 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are becoming more common in youth athletes. Time‐to‐surgery has been shown to significantly affect the rates of concurrent injuries at the time of ACL reconstruction (ACLR). The purpose of this study was to evaluate if time‐to‐surgery in ACLR impacts observances of intra‐articular injuries and to categorize injury profile in relation to time.MethodsAn Institutional Review Board‐approved retrospective cohort study was conducted. Included subjects were aged 21 and below and underwent primary ACLR within 6 months of injury between January 2012 and April 2020. Skeletal maturity was determined via imaging. Laterality, location and severity/pattern of meniscal and chondral injuries were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to identify risk factors for intra‐articular pathology. Cut‐off analyses were added to regression models to identify trends of concurrent injuries.ResultsEight hundred and fifty patients met the inclusion criteria. Patients with observed articular cartilage injuries had a significantly longer time‐to‐surgery of 66 days (p = 0.01). Risk factors for chondral injury were time‐to‐surgery (p = 0.01) and skeletal maturity (p = 0.01), while medial meniscal tears were prognosticated by time‐to‐surgery (p = 0.03), skeletal maturity (p = 0.01) and body mass index (p = 0.00). Cut‐off analysis showed that after 40 days the proportion of patients with observed chondral injury increased with time to surgery and that there were significantly different observances of chondral (p = 0.00) and medial meniscal (p = 0.03) injuries in the 6‐week model, as compared to the continuous time model.ConclusionLonger time‐to‐surgery in ACLR is associated with higher rates of concomitant intra‐articular pathology, especially chondral injuries. After 40 days, the observed rates of intra‐articular injury increase proportionately with time from injury. A 6‐week categorical model best stratifies intra‐articular injury risk profile. Risk factor analysis identified skeletally mature patients with delayed surgery of >12 weeks to be at the highest risk for both chondral and medial meniscal injuries after an ACLR.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
High incidence of post‐operative re‐sprain following suture tape implantation for anterior talofibular ligament insufficiency and risk factors for post‐operative re‐sprain
Authors: Choi Jun Young , Suh Jin Soo , Park Ju Hwan , Asfaw Tewodros Taye 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeAnterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) insufficiency encompasses situations in which (i) frequent sprains cause ATFL loss, as evidenced by ATFL non‐visualization on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging; or (ii) minimal healthy ATFL tissue for repair is left after the removal of the large os subfibulare. Suture tape implantation can be indicated for these cases rather than conventional ligament repair. This study was designed to investigate the incidence of post‐operative re‐sprain in patients who underwent suture tape implantation for ATFL insufficiency, and risk factors influencing the occurrence of post‐operative re‐sprain were identified.MethodsA total of 68 patients who underwent suture tape implantation for ATFL insufficiency from January 2016 to December 2021 were retrospectively evaluated. The minimum follow‐up duration for inclusion was 2 years after surgery. All included patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of post‐operative re‐sprain during the follow‐up period. Multiple clinico‐radiographic parameters were measured, and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing post‐operative re‐sprain.ResultsPost‐operative re‐sprain occurred in 19 of the 68 patients (27.9%), and multiple re‐sprains persisted in 7 patients (10.3%). Post‐operative re‐sprain was more likely to occur in patients who smoked after surgery (odds ratio [OR], 3.510), had generalized ligament laxity (OR, 4.364) and engaged in occupations requiring high physical activity levels (OR, 4.421), including soldiers, professional athletes, student‐athletes and mailmen.ConclusionThe incidence of multiple post‐operative re‐sprains was high after suture tape implantation for ATFL insufficiency. Caution is particularly warranted in patients with risk factors, necessitating meticulous attention to their care. Careful consideration of strategies to mitigate risks when performing the surgery is also recommended.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Maxillary Antrostomy Versus Complete Sinus Surgery for Odontogenic Sinusitis With Frontal Sinus Extension
Authors: Craig John R. , Saibene Alberto M. , Adappa Nithin D. , Douglas Jennifer E. , Eide Jacob G. , Felisati Giovanni , Kohanski Michael A. , Kshirsagar Rijul S. , Kwiecien Catherine , Lee Daniel , Makary Chadi A. , Palmer James N. , Ray Amrita , Wilson Carl , Kuan Edward C. 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesEndoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is often necessary when managing odontogenic sinusitis (ODS), but ESS extent for ODS with extramaxillary sinus involvement has been incompletely studied. This study compared outcomes after wide maxillary antrostomy (MA) alone versus complete ESS for ODS with frontal sinus involvement.MethodsA multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted on patients with uncomplicated ODS (no extrasinus spread) who underwent ESS when computed tomography demonstrated maxillary, anterior ethmoid (AE), and frontal sinus opacification. Multiple preoperative and postoperative variables were recorded, including 22‐item sinonasal outcome tests (SNOT‐22) and endoscopic findings. Ultimate SNOT‐22 and endoscopic resolution, and time to SNOT‐22 and endoscopic resolution were compared between patients who underwent MA alone versus “complete” ESS (maxillary, ethmoid, frontal; not sphenoid).ResultsOf 70 patients, mean age was 59.2 years, and 55.7% were male. Thirty‐five underwent MA alone, and 35 had complete ESS. At first postoperative visits (mean 9.3 days), AE sinus purulence was more likely resolved after complete ESS compared with MA (97.1% vs. 71.4%, p = 0.006). However, time to resolution of AE purulence was comparable by 6 weeks postoperatively (p = 0.158). There were no significant differences in times to foul smell resolution and achieving ≥9 point SNOT‐22 reduction (p > 0.05).ConclusionsFor ODS with frontal sinus involvement, MA alone and complete ESS both resulted in rapid and long‐term symptomatic resolution. While ultimate resolution of sinus purulence was equivalent between surgery groups, complete ESS did lead to faster resolution of frontoethmoidal purulence in a significant number of cases.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 135:586–592, 2025
Versatile Functions of Raw and Modified Lentils/Lentil Components in Food Applications: A Review
Authors: Keskin Semin Ozge , Sumnu Gulum 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTLentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) and lentil components are cost‐effective, sustainable, eco‐friendly, nutritious, and vegan functional ingredients in food formulations. These versatile properties have recently increased the popularity of them among consumers and food manufacturers. Various emerging processing technologies, such as microwave (MW), infrared (IR), high pressure (HP), ultrasound (US), cold plasma (CP), ozone, ionizing irradiation, ultraviolet (UV)‐light, ultrafiltration (UF), and isoelectric precipitation (IEP), have been effectively applied to improve the functional properties of lentils and lentil components, thereby increasing their consumption and utility. This review article focuses on the nutritional, health‐promoting, and technological functions of raw and modified lentils/lentil components in food applications and the effects of emerging technologies on their functionality. Selecting appropriate, sustainable technology and determining optimized process conditions are crucial for producing functional, healthy food from modified lentils that display enhanced consumer acceptability. Recent research indicates that MW, IR, HP, US, MW‐IR, HP‐enzymolysis, UV‐US, and US‐γ‐irradiation technologies have substantial potential for modifying and enhancing the functionality of lentil and lentil components.
Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Parkinson's Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Tang Huilin , Lu Ying , Okun Michael S. , Donahoo William T. , Ramirez‐Zamora Adolfo , Wang Fei , Huang Yu , Armstrong Melissa , Svensson Mikael , Virnig Beth A. , DeKosky Steven T. , Bian Jiang , Guo Jingchuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have suggested that glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) may have a disease‐modifying effect in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD), but population studies yielded inconsistent results.ObjectiveThe aim was to compare the risk of PD associated with GLP‐1RAs compared to dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i) among older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsUsing U.S. Medicare administrative data from 2016 to 2020, we conducted a population‐based cohort study comparing the new use of GLP‐1RA with the new use of DPP4i among adults aged ≥66 years with T2D. The primary endpoint was a new diagnosis of PD. A stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW)–adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for PD between GLP‐1RA and DPP4i users.ResultsThis study included 89,074 Medicare beneficiaries who initiated either GLP‐1RA (n = 30,091) or DPP4i (n = 58,983). The crude incidence rate of PD was lower among GLP‐1RA users than DPP4i users (2.85 vs. 3.92 patients per 1000 person‐years). An sIPTW‐adjusted Cox model showed that GLP‐1RA users were associated with a 23% lower risk of PD than DPP4i users (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63–0.95). Our findings were largely consistent across different subgroup analyses such as sex, race, and molecular structure of GLP‐1RA.ConclusionAmong Medicare beneficiaries with T2D, the new use of GLP‐1RAs was significantly associated with a decreased risk of PD compared to the new use of DPP4i. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.