bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Charge transfer processes and magnetoresistance in strontium ferromolybdate with dielectric barriers
Authors: Kalanda N. A. , Kovalev L. V. , Zheludkevich M. L. , Garamus V. M. , Willumeit R. , Sobolev N. A. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractThe Sr2FeMoO6−δ compound attracts the attention of researchers due to a high Curie temperature, large values of negative magnetoresistance at room temperature and a practically 100% spin polarization of conduction electrons. We have studied the role of grain boundaries on the electrical transport in Sr2FeMoO6−δ in applied magnetic fields up to 8 T. The compound was synthesized out of partially reduced SrFeO3−x, SrMoO4−y precursors (sample I). At the first oxidation stage upon annealing at 700 K in argon with a partial oxygen pressure p(O2) = 10 Pa for 15 h (sample II), the internal structure of the Sr2FeMoO5.82 grains did not change. Sample II exhibits a mixed type of electrical conduction. In a magnetic field B its resistivity decreases without changing the mixed regime of charge transport, only shifting the temperature of minimum resistivity (TmB) to lower values. At temperatures above TmB the conductivity is predominantly metallic, whereas below TmB down to 4.2 K it is of semiconductor type. The increase of the annealing time up to 30 h (sample III) brings about an increase of the resistivity and the appearance of semiconductor‐type conductivity at T = 300–4.2 K, which indicates the formation of a continuous insulating interlayer between the grains. In a magnetic field, the resistivity decreases, with the conductivity changing from the semiconducting to a mixed one. In the latter case the charge transport can occur both through point metallic contacts and by means of spin‐dependent tunneling across dielectric interlayers between Sr2FeMoO5.82 grains.
FISH ASSEMBLAGE RELATIONSHIPS WITH PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PRESENCE OF DAMS IN THREE EASTERN IOWA RIVERS
Authors: Pierce C. L. , Ahrens N. L. , Loan‐Wilsey A. K. , Simmons G. A. , Gelwicks G. T. 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTFish assemblages in rivers of the Midwestern United States are an important component of the region's natural resources and biodiversity. We characterized the physical environment and presence of dams in a series of reaches in three eastern Iowa rivers tributary to the Mississippi River and related these characteristics to the fish assemblages present. Some physical characteristics were similar among the 12 study reaches, whereas others differed substantially. We found a total of 68 species across the 12 study reaches; 56 in the Turkey River, 51 in the Maquoketa River and 50 in the Wapsipinicon River. Seventeen species could be described as ‘downstream‐distributed’; 15 being found only in the lowest reach of one or more rivers and the other two being found only in the lowest reaches or two or more contiguous reaches including the lowest reach. Two species could be described as ‘upstream‐distributed’, being found only in an uppermost reach. Non‐metric multidimensional scaling ordination illustrated similarities among reaches, and five physical variables were significantly correlated with assemblage similarities. Catchment area and number of dams between reaches and the Mississippi River were strongly correlated with assemblage similarities, but the directions of their effects were opposite. Catchment area and number of dams were confounded. The collective evidence to date suggests that the pervasiveness of dams on rivers significantly alters fish assemblages, making underlying patterns of species change and relationships with naturally varying and human‐influenced physical characteristics along a river's course difficult to discern. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Edelstahlgewebeanbindung für explosionssichernde Gläser
Authors: Neugebauer Jürgen 
Published: April 2013

AbstractExplosionssichernde Gläser bestehen im Allgemeinen aus Verbundsicherheitsgläsern, um die Druckwelle bei einer Explosion aufhalten zu können. Bei dieser hochdynamischen Belastung kommt es zu einem Glasbruch und somit zu einem Übergang von einer Lastabtragung durch reine Biegung zu einer Abtragung über Biegung und Membrankräfte. Das Problem besteht in der Lastausleitung der Membrankräfte aus den Verbundsicherheitsgläsern. Ohne zusätzliche Maßnahmen kommt es zu einem Herausziehen des Verbundsicherheitsglases aus den Auflagern und dadurch zu einem Versagen im Explosionsfall. Ein in die Folie eingebettetes Edelstahlgewebe kann diese Membrankräfte aufnehmen und durch angeschweißte Edelstahlprofile an die Auflagerkonstruktion weiterleiten.Stainless steel fabric connection for bomb blast glass. Bomb blast glass generally consists of laminated safety glass and has to withstand the blast wave in the case of an explosion. This high dynamic stress causes a breakage and a transition from a load transfer by pure bending to a load transfer bending and membrane forces. The problem is to catch and support these membrane forces in the laminated safety glass. Without additional measures, it occurs a pull out of the laminated safety glass out of the supporting system that would result in a collapse in case of bomb blast. A stainless steel mesh embedded in the interlayer is able to catch these membrane forces and transfer it via stainless steel profiles to the substructure.
Optische Charakterisierung von Oberflächenschäden auf Einscheiben‐Sicherheitsglas bei Fassaden‐ und Dachverglasungen
Authors: Schula Sebastian , Sternberg Paula , Schneider Jens 
Published: April 2013

AbstractMit zunehmenden Scheibengrößen und in vielen konstruktiven Anwendungen werden bei Fassaden‐ und Dachverglasungen immer häufiger Einscheiben‐Sicherheitsgläser (ESG) verwendet. Diese Gläser erfahren während ihrer Lebensdauer in der alltäglichen Nutzung (z.B. aus Reinigung, Betretung/Begehung, etc.) Oberflächenschäden, häufig in Form von Kratzern. An genutzten Fassadenverglasungen und betretbaren Dachverglasungen aus ESG wurden visuell und mikroskopisch sichtbare Kratzer charakterisiert und typisiert. Hierzu wurden die Oberflächenschäden mit Hilfe einer fluoreszierenden Eindringprüfung zunächst makroskopisch detektiert und mit Hilfe von mikroskopischen Untersuchungen (Lichtmikroskop (LM), Raster‐Elektronen‐Mikroskop (REM)) und dreidimensionalen, taktilen Messungen (Profilometer) vermessen.Characterisation of surface flaws on fully tempered facade and roof glazing. With increasing pane dimensions and in many structural applications in facades and roof glazing fully tempered glass (FTG) is frequently used. Due to everyday use, the glasses are getting damaged (e.g. due to cleaning or accessing) in the form of surface flaws, especially in terms of scratches. On the basis of used façade glazing and roof glazing of FTG, visually and microscopically scratches were characterized and classified. For this, the flaws were macroscopically detected by a fluorescent penetrant and subsequently surveyed by microscopic investigations (light microscope, scanning‐electron‐microscope (SEM)) and three dimensional tactile measurements (profilometer).
Experimentelle und numerische Analyse des thermisch‐induzierten Glaskantenbruchs
Authors: Hildebrand Jörg , Pankratz Maria 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBei modernen Gebäudehüllen aus komplexen Glaskonstruktionen und bei Solarmodulen treten Glasspannungen aus der thermischen Beanspruchung auf, die teilweise zum Glasbruch führen. Anhand eines entwickelten Versuchstandes, mit dem eine Temperaturdifferenz in unterschiedlichen Bereichen der Scheibe erzeugt werden kann, wurde der thermische Glasbruch in Abhängigkeit verschiedener Glasdicken und Kantenbearbeitungen untersucht. Die numerischen Analysen des thermischen und mechanischen Verhaltens der Scheibe wurden mit experimentell ermittelten Daten verifiziert. Es wurden numerische Untersuchungen an ausgewählten praxisnahen Fällen unter Berücksichtigung des solaren Energieeintrages zur Identifikation kritischer Spannungszustände durchgeführt.Experimental and numerical analysis of thermally induced glass edge failure. At modern building envelopes consisting of complex glass structures and at solar modules, tensions resulting from thermal stress occur and lead to failure in some cases. By using a special developed test station, that makes it possible to create a difference in temperature at various areas of a pane, the thermally induced glass failure has been analyzed in dependence of various glass thicknesses and edge finishing’s. The numerical analyses of the thermal and mechanical behavior of the panes have been verified with experimental data. Taking into account the solar energy input, numerical studies on selected practical cases have been performed to identify critical stress states.
Glasscheiben mit photokatalytischen Eigenschaften und erhöhter Transmission
Authors: Tölke Tina , Pfuch Andreas , Heft Andreas , Grünler Bernd 
Published: April 2013

AbstractIn diesem Beitrag werden verschiedene Methoden zur Abscheidung von photokatalytisch aktiven Schichten mit erhöhter Transmission auf Floatglasscheiben, insbesondere für Photovoltaik‐Anwendungen, beschrieben. Die Schichten wurden zum einen mittels konventioneller Sputtertechnik, zum anderen durch ein modifiziertes C‐CVD‐Verfahren abgeschieden. Zunächst wurden die photokatalytischen und optischen Eigenschaften von TiO2‐Schichten in Abhängigkeit von den Abscheideparametern untersucht. Eine Transmissionserhöhung der selbstreinigenden Oberflächen im Vergleich zu kommerziell verfügbaren Produkten konnte durch die Erzeugung eines Interferenzschichtsystems erreicht werden, welches die photokatalytisch aktive TiO2‐Phase enthält.Glass panes with photocatalytic properties and enhanced transmission. In this article different methods for the deposition of photocatalytically active layers with improved transmission, especially for photovoltaic applications, on float glass panes will be described. The films were deposited using conventional sputtering technology as well as a modified C‐CVD‐technique. First of all the photocatalytical and optical properties of TiO2‐layers according to the deposition parameters were investigated. By creating an interference layer system including the photocatalytically active TiO2 modification, an enhanced transmission of the self‐cleaning surfaces in comparison to commercially available products could be acquired.
Das Dreischeibenhaus Düsseldorf, The Landmark
Authors: Lutz Martin , Einck Jürgen 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDas Dreischeibenhaus in Düsseldorf darf zweifelsfrei als Ikone bezeichnet werden. Das weltberühmte Architekturdenkmal ist nicht nur in der Branche bekannt. Bisherige Versuche, Ideen für eine wirtschaftliche Komplettsanierung des seit Auszug von Thyssen Krupp im Jahre 2010 leer stehenden Hochhauses zu entwickeln, blieben erfolglos. Der Schlüssel hierzu ist die denkmalgeschützte Fassade. Nach dem Erwerb der Immobilie durch die Hamburger MOMENI Gruppe und Black Horse Investments setzen wir gemeinsam mit HPP Architekten und Witte Projektmanagement eine neue, sehr kostengünstige Idee in die Realität um. Die denkmalgeschützte Fassade bleibt erhalten, eine neue Fassade wird innen zwischen die Rohbaudecken eingesetzt. Die zukünftigen Nutzer profitieren von dem hohen Komfort. Denkmalschutz und Projektentwickler sind hochzufrieden.The Three Slice Building Düsseldorf, the Landmark. The Three Slice Building in Düsseldorf is, without doubt, an historic monument with an iconic effect, and is certainly well known to Architects and throughout the entire building and design sector. During the last few years the building was not rented out. In this period, there were some unsuccessful attempts to find ideas, to develop a complete economic refurbishment. The key to such a renovation is certainly the listed facade. After the purchase of the object by the Hamburg based developer MOMENI‐Group/Black Horse Investments we are implementing a new, very inexpensive idea into reality in cooperation with HPP architects/Witte Project Management. The existing facade will not be removed but will be subject to only minor modifications. An additional facade will be inserted within the building with a minimum offset to the existing facade allowing for the implementation of highly efficient sun shades within the naturally ventilated facade cavity. Future users will benefit from the high comfort level. Both Monument Preservation officials and developer are highly satisfied.
Statische Analysen zur Dimensionierung von Solarmodulen
Authors: Zapfe Cedrik 
Published: April 2013

AbstractPhotovoltaikanlagen zu Gewinnung von solarer Energie sind den natürlichen klimatischen Umgebungsbedingungen des Standorts ausgesetzt. Aus Wind, Schnee und Temperatureinwirkungen entstehen Beanspruchungen, die das Modul und die Tragkomponenten über den geplanten Nutzungszeitraum zuverlässig ertragen müssen. Photovoltaikanlagen gelten im Sinne der Bauordnung als Teil eines Gebäudes oder als Bauwerk an sich, so dass die einschlägigen Regelungen des Bauwesens zu berücksichtigen sind. Aus dieser Forderung leitet sich der Bedarf nach einer statischen Auslegung nach den anerkannten Regeln der Technik und der Baukunst ab. Aus der politischen Vorgabe stetig fallender Einspeisevergütungen bedingt der wirtschaftliche Betrieb von Photovoltaikanlagen Rationalisierungen im Bereich der Modultechnik und des Montagesystems, die mit höheren Ausnutzungsgraden sämtlicher Systemkomponenten einhergehen. In diesem Kontext sind sorgfältige statische Analysen in Verbindung mit experimenteller Verifikation unabdingbar, um Schäden im Laufe der Standzeit des Systems zu vermeiden.Structural Design analyses for dimensioning of photovoltaic modules. Photovoltaic Plants for the generation of solar energy are exposed to the natural climatic environmental conditions of the respective location. Wind, snow and temperature impacts create loads which both the module and the bearing components have to bear reliably throughout the entire intended period of utilization. According to the building regulations, photovoltaic plants are regarded as building parts or buildings themselves, so that the respective regulations of construction engineering have to be considered. This requirement results in the need for a static calculation according to the acknowledged rules of technology and architecture. Due to the political guideline of permanently decreasing compensations for electricity fed into the grid, the economic operation of photovoltaic plants determines rationalizations in the area of module technology, which go along with higher utilization factors of all system components. In this context, thorough static analyses in combination with experimental verifications are indispensable, in order to avoid damage during the operating life of the system.
Innovative und energiesparende Fassadentechnik am Beispiel der KfW Westarkade, Frankfurt/Main
Authors: Winterstetter Thomas , Sobek Werner 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDie Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau in Frankfurt am Main hat als einer der Hauptfinanzierer für energetische Sanierung und Niedrigenergiebauweise eine Vorreiterrolle im Bereich nachhaltiges Bauen. Deshalb wurde im Zuge des Ausbaus der Konzernzentrale in Frankfurt ein gleichermaßen architektonisch wie bautechnisch innovatives Konzept umgesetzt. Ein wesentliches Element des Bauwerks und der zur Energieoptimierung notwendigen hochintegrierten Gebäudeplanung ist die in changierenden Farbtönen gehaltene, geschuppte Fassade. Diese Gebäudehülle macht die Westarkade zu einem der weltweit ersten Bürohochhäuser mit einem jährlichen Primärenergiebedarf von weniger als 100 KWh pro Quadratmeter.Innovative and Energy‐Efficient Façade Technology for the KfW Westarkade Highrise in Frankfurt/Main. The KfW bank group in Frankfurt is one of the main supporters for energy‐efficient construction in Germany. Their new Headquarters was equipped with the latest design and technical innovations. A major element of the energy efficiency concept is the multi‐colored, shingled, double‐skin façade, making it one of the first highrises with an annual primary energy consumption of less than 100KWh per sqm. The KfW Westarkade was awarded “Best Highrise of the World 2011” by the renowned CTBUH, Chicago.
Schlaues Haus, intelligente Fassade: Tourismus‐ und Ausstellungszentrum Oldenburg
Authors: Kimpel Frank , Rudolph Matthias , Tückmantel Peter 
Published: April 2013

AbstractDie Stadt Oldenburg, Stadt der Wissenschaft 2009, initiierte am Schlossplatz 16 den beispielhaften Umbau und die Erweiterung eines der ältesten Häuser Oldenburgs mit einer öffentlichen Nutzung. Der denkmalgeschützte Teil zum Schlossplatz war stark sanierungsbedürftig. Die Baulücke zum Schlosswall ermöglichte eine Erweiterung, die funktional mit dem Altbau verbunden wurde. Die besondere planerische Herausforderung dabei war es, innerhalb der historisch dichten innerstädtischen Bebauung ‐ einem engen Grundstück mit nur 10 m Breite und 33 m Tiefe mit Brandwandanforderungen an den Längsseiten und angrenzend an eine stark befahrene Straße ‐ ein Gebäude zu planen, das hohen Nutzerkomfort und räumliche Qualität mit Energieeffizienz verbindet.Smart House, Clever Façade Design. The German City Oldenburg, City of Science 2009, initiated the exemplary renovation and extension of one of the city’s oldest houses to implement public use. The listed part of the existing building facing the Schlossplatz needed to be renovated. The space between two buildings on the other side, facing the castle’s ridge enabled an extension, being functionally connected to the existing building. The architectural and engineering challenge was to both combine high comfort for users and quality of space with an efficient energy concept, especially in the context of a narrow plot to build on, with fire protecting walls on both long sides and a busy street on one short side.
Shake table testing and numerical simulation of a utility‐scale wind turbine including operational effects
Authors: Prowell Ian , Elgamal Ahmed , Uang Chia‐Ming , Enrique Luco J. , Romanowitz Harold , Duggan Edward 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTShake table tests were undertaken on an actual wind turbine (65 kW rated power, 22.6 m hub height and a 16 m rotor diameter) using the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation Large High Performance Outdoor Shake Table at the University of California, San Diego. Each base shaking event was imparted in two states, whereas the turbine rotor was still (parked), and while it was spinning (operational). Each state was tested in two orientations of shaking direction, one parallel (fore‐aft) and another perpendicular (side‐to‐side) to the axis of rotation of the rotor. Structural response characteristics are presented for motions imparted in both configurations and both operational states. Modal parameters (natural frequencies, damping ratios and mode shapes) were estimated throughout the testing program. It is found that shaking imparted in the fore‐aft direction while spinning is the only observed situation where operational effects appear significant, with reductions up to 33% in seismic bending moment demand near the tower base. Using modifications developed by the research team to the FAST code, experimental results are compared with corresponding simulations to show that dynamic characteristics, acceleration time histories and trends in tower bending seismic demand can be numerically approximated. This experimental evidence and associated numerical simulations suggest that modeling of combined wind and earthquake loading with existing turbine specific codes produce meaningful results. Discrepancies between experimental and numerical results support that further refinement of simulation codes can improve accuracy beyond the current state. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Outcome Prediction of Pulmonary Metastasectomy Can Be Evaluated Using Metastatic Lesion in Osteosarcoma Patients
Authors: Matsumoto Isao , Oda Makoto , Yachi Tsuyoshi , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki , Zen Yoh , Watanabe Go 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated whether molecular prognostic factors should be evaluated in specimens of the primary or the metastatic lesion and if the prognosis after initial pulmonary metastasectomy can be predicted based on evaluation of metastatic lesion specimens in osteosarcoma patients.MethodsThis retrospective study included 29 osteosarcoma patients with pulmonary metastases (19 males, 10 females; age 21 ± 10 years). Molecular prognostic factors were the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor type A (VEGF‐A), VEGF type C (VEGF‐C), and Ki67. Primary and pulmonary metastatic lesions could be compared in 18 patients regarding the values of marker expressions and the prognosis after initial pulmonary resection. Finally, the prognosis of all 29 cases was compared according to the molecular markers of the metastatic lesions.ResultsEvaluation of the metastatic lesions reflected the prognosis after pulmonary metastasectomy more than that of the primary lesions. In the metastatic lesions, positive expression of VEGF‐A (n = 15), VEGF‐C (n = 2), and Ki67 (n = 15) was associated with a significantly poorer prognosis (p = 0.0013, 0.0001, and 0.037, respectively). No patients with positive expression of both VEGF‐A and Ki67 (n = 7) survived more than 5 years after the initial pulmonary resection. All patients who had negative reactions to both VEGF‐A and Ki67 (n = 6) were alive at the end of the study.ConclusionsMolecular prognostic factors should be investigated in specimens of the metastatic lesion. Combined evaluation of VEGF‐A and Ki67 and of VEGF‐C using pulmonary metastatic lesion specimens in osteosarcoma patients effectively reflects survival after pulmonary metastasectomy.
Thyroid Surgery in a District Hospital in Southern Ethiopia: Experience from a Rural Center
Authors: Ramos J. M. , Abate N. , Reyes F. , Belate W. , Mohammed F. , Gorgolas M. 
Published: April 2013

AbstractBackgroundDiseases of the thyroid are not uncommon, particularly in the highlands of Ethiopia. The aim of the present study was to describe the experience of thyroid surgery in a rural hospital in Southern Ethiopia.MethodsThe present study was based on review of surgical cases of thyroid diseases operated in a rural hospital in Southern Ethiopia during the period 2009–2010.ResultsDuring the study period, 211 patients underwent surgery for goiter. The mean age was 31.9 years (range: 14–80 years). The sex ratio, M:F, was 1:9. A total of 103 patients had unilateral nodules, and in 108 patients the nodules were located bilaterally. The mean duration of symptoms was 5.7 years (range: 0.7–25 years). In total, 161 (76.7 %) subtotal thyroidectomy operations, and 50 (23.3 %) hemi‐thyroidectomy operations were performed. Histological examination revealed multinodular goiters in 203 (96.2 %) cases. Papillary and follicular cancers were found in 7 (3.3 %) and 1 (0.5 %) cases, respectively.ConclusionsThyroid surgery is feasible in a small rural Ethiopian District Hospital. The provision of surgical services in rural areas of low income and middle income countries is extremely important and delivers more health opportunities to the local people.
How Much Do Investors Care About Macroeconomic Risk? Evidence from Scheduled Economic Announcements
Authors: Savor Pavel , Wilson Mungo 
Published: April 2013

AbstractStock market average returns and Sharpe ratios are significantly higher on days when important macroeconomic news about inflation, unemployment, or interest rates is scheduled for announcement. The average announcement-day excess return from 1958 to 2009 is 11.4 basis points (bp) versus 1.1 bp for all the other days, suggesting that over 60% of the cumulative annual equity risk premium is earned on announcement days. The Sharpe ratio is 10 times higher. In contrast, the risk-free rate is detectably lower on announcement days, consistent with a precautionary saving motive. Our results demonstrate a trade-off between macroeconomic risk and asset returns, and provide an estimate of the premium investors demand to bear this risk.