bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of the Social Mismatch between Staff Auditors and Client Management on the Collection of Audit Evidence
Authors: Bennett G. Bradley , Hatfield Richard C. 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACT:
This study provides both survey and experimental evidence to consider how social interactions between staff-level auditors and client management may affect staff auditors' perceptions and influence their decisions regarding the collection of audit evidence. During fieldwork, staff-level auditors have extensive interaction with client management. Survey evidence suggests that these staff-level auditors are often “mismatched” with client management, in terms of their experience, age, and accounting knowledge. Experimental results indicate that staff-level auditors may reduce the extent to which they collect evidence to avoid these interactions. Finally, the use of email communication with client management helped to mitigate the reduction in evidence collected caused by avoiding in-person interactions. Interestingly, when not collecting all the evidence, approximately half of the participants documented their findings in a vague or inappropriate manner, which would likely reduce the likelihood that reviewing auditors would identify a problem. Given the extent of audit evidence collected by young staff auditors, these findings have direct implications for workpaper and audit quality.
Data Availability: Data and materials used in this study are available upon request.
The role of radiotherapy following gross-total resection of atypical meningiomas
Authors: Komotar Ricardo J. , Iorgulescu J. Bryan , Raper Daniel M. S. , Holland Eric C. , Beal Kathryn , Bilsky Mark H. , Brennan Cameron W. , Tabar Viviane , Sherman Jonathan H. , Yamada Yoshiya , Gutin Philip H. 
Published: August 2012

Object
Atypical (WHO Grade II) meningiomas comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors, with histopathology delineated under the guidance of the WHO and a spectrum of clinical outcomes. The role of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with atypical meningiomas who have undergone gross-total resection (GTR) remains unclear. In this paper, the authors sought to clarify this role by reviewing their experience over the past 2 decades.

Methods
The authors retrospectively analyzed all patients at their institution who underwent GTR between 1992 and 2011 with a final histology demonstrating atypical meningioma. Information regarding patients, tumor characteristics, and postoperative adjuvant therapy was gleaned from medical records. Time to recurrence and overall survival were analyzed using univariate, multivariate, and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses.

Results
Forty-five patients who met the inclusion criteria underwent GTR for atypical meningiomas. By a median follow-up of 44.1 months, 22% of atypical meningiomas had recurred. There was no recurrence in 12 (92%) of 13 patients who received postoperative radiotherapy or in 19 (59%) of 32 patients who did not undergo postoperative radiotherapy (p = 0.085), demonstrating a strong trend toward improved local control with postoperative radiotherapy. No other factors were significantly associated with recurrence in univariate or multivariate analyses.

Conclusions
This retrospective series supports the observation that postoperative radiotherapy likely results in lower recurrence rates of gross totally resected atypical meningiomas. Although a multicenter prospective trial will ultimately be needed to fully define the role of radiotherapy in managing gross totally resected atypical meningiomas, the authors' results contribute to a growing number of series that support routine postoperative radiotherapy as an adjuvant treatment for these lesions.
Infection risk for primary and revision instrumented lumbar spine fusion in the Medicare population
Authors: Kurtz Steven M. , Lau Edmund , Ong Kevin L. , Carreon Leah , Watson Heather , Albert Todd , Glassman Steven 
Published: August 2012

Object
This retrospective analysis of Medicare administrative data was performed to evaluate the risk of infection following instrumented lumbar fusion over a 10-year follow-up period in the Medicare population. Although infection can be a devastating complication, due to its rarity it is difficult to characterize infection risk except in large patient populations.

Methods
Using ICD-9-CM and CPT4 procedure codes, the Medicare 5% analytical research files for inpatient, outpatient, and physician carrier claims were checked to identify patients who were treated between 1997 and 2009 with lumbar spine fusion in which cages or posterior instrumentation were used. Patients younger than 65 years old were excluded. Patients were followed continuously by using the matching denominator file until they withdrew from Medicare or died. The authors identified 15,069 patients with primary fusion procedures and 605 with revision of instrumented lumbar fusion. Infections were identified by the related ICD-9 codes (998.59 or 996.67) after fusion. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression were performed to determine adjusted infection risk for each type of spine procedure (primary vs revision) and surgical approach (anterior, posterior, combined anteroposterior), accounting for patient (for example, age, sex, comorbidities/Charlson Comorbidity Index [CCI], and state buy-in) and hospital (census region) characteristics.

Results
At 10 years, the overall infection incidence, including superficial and deep infections, was 8.5% in primary procedures and 12.2% in revisions. Among the factors considered, infection risk within 10 years was most influenced by comorbidities: for a CCI of 5 versus 0, the adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) was 2.48 (95% CI 1.93–3.19, p < 0.001); for ≥ 9 versus 2–3 fused vertebrae, the AHR was 2.39 (95% CI 1.20–4.76, p < 0.001); for revision versus primary fusion procedures, the AHR was 1.66 (95% CI 1.28–2.15, p < 0.001). Other significant predictors of 10-year infection risk included diagnosis of obesity (p < 0.001); state buy-in—a proxy for socioeconomic status (p = 0.02); age (p = 0.003); surgical approach (p = 0.03); census region (p = 0.02); and the year of the index procedure (p = 0.03).

Conclusions
Patient comorbidities were the greatest predictor of infection risk for the Medicare population. The high incidence of infection following instrumented fusion warrants increased focus on infection risk mitigation, especially for patients with comorbid conditions.
Effects of flood frequency and duration on the allometry of community‐level stem size‐density distributions in a floodplain forest
Authors: De Jager Nathan R. 
Published: August 2012

• Premise of the study: Consistent with the self‐thinning law of plant population ecology, Niklas et al. in 2003 proposed that stem size‐density distributions (SDDs) of multispecies forest communities should change in very predictable ways as a function of the effects of past disturbances on average tree size. To date, empirical tests of this hypothesis have not been pursued in floodplain settings.• Methods: SDDs were constructed using tree stem‐size and density data from forest plots positioned along a flood frequency and duration gradient in the Upper Mississippi River floodplain.• Key Results: As flooding (both frequency and duration) increased, several small tree species were eliminated from forest plots and the persistent species increased in their size. Consistent with the predictions of Niklas et al., these changes corresponded with overall decreases in stem density, increases in average stem size, and reductions in both the Y‐intercept and slope terms of the community‐level SDDs.• Conclusions: This study adds to a growing list of examples suggesting that theories related to forest community composition and biomass must account for both the broader effects of disturbances as well as the underlying biochemical processes that regulate plant growth. Further study is needed to fully address the role different disturbance frequencies play in determining plant density, diversity, average size, and associated size\frequency distributions.
Allocation tradeoffs among chaparral shrub seedlings with different life history types (Rhamnaceae)
Authors: Pratt R. Brandon , Jacobsen Anna L. , Hernandez Jessica , Ewers Frank W. , North Gretchen B. , Davis Stephen D. 
Published: August 2012

• Premise of the Study: California chaparral shrub species have different life history types: Nonsprouters (NS) are killed by fire and persist through a fire‐stimulated seed bank; facultative sprouters (FS) reestablish by a combination of vegetative sprouting and seeding; and obligate sprouters (OS) reestablish exclusively by sprouting. Nonsprouters and FS establish seedlings in open‐canopy postfire environments, whereas OS establish seedlings between fires in the shady understory. We hypothesized that allocation differences among seedlings of postfire sprouters and nonsprouters and regeneration niche differences would lead to contrasting patterns in biomass accumulation (NS > FS > OS, in sun; OS > FS > NS, in shade).• Methods: Seedlings of three species from each life history type were grown in sun and 75% shade. We measured net carbon assimilation and biomass accumulation after one year.• Key Results: Biomass accumulation was similar in the sun except FS>OS. In the shade, NS had lower biomass than FS and OS. Assimilation rates, nitrogen relations, and allocation differences could not fully explain biomass accumulation differences. Instead, biomass accumulation was inversely related to water‐stress tolerance and shade tolerance. Additionally, OS and FS differed in root/shoot allocation even though both are sprouters.• Conclusions: Seedling growth and carbon assimilation rates were divergent among three life history types and were consistent with differences in tolerance to water stress and shade or sun regeneration niches, but not tradeoffs in sprouting‐related allocation differences per se.
La présence pulsionnelle de la Volonté dans mon corps libidinal et dans les forces naturelles des corps matériels
Authors: Bernet Rudolf 
Published: August 2012

La double expérience que chacun de nous a des mouvements de son corps – comme objet mondain et comme organe de sa volonté – atteste, au sein de la métaphysique de Schopenhauer, la provenance de tout objet de représentation de la Volonté en soi. Nos « mouvements » charnels se prêtent cependant encore à des modalités diverses, selon qu’ils sont volontaires ou involontaires, et selon que la volonté y est appréhendée à travers une perception interne de ses « actes » successifs ou à travers des sensations de plaisir et de douleur se rapportant à des « désirs » conscients ou inconscients. Formulé dans un langage freudien, la volonté-pulsion inconsciente se phénoménalise selon le double régime de la représentation et de l’affect, c’est-à-dire au sein d’un corps propre dont le principe de réalité et le principe de plaisir se disputent le gouvernement. Cette analyse des comportements corporels humains sert aussi de fondement à la philosophie de la nature de Schopenhauer. De même que nos actes volontaires, tout en se conformant à des « motifs » rationnels, puisent leur énergie dans une pulsion irrationnelle, les mouvements des corps matériels, tout en se conformant aux lois de la physique, restent animés par des « forces naturelles » qu’il faut comprendre comme la présence de la volonté pulsionnelle au sein de la nature. Croisant perspectives métaphysiques, anthropologiques et cosmologiques, l’auteur veut plus particulièrement mettre en lumière que la philosophie de la Volonté de Schopenhauer est la philosophie d’une force pulsionnelle nihiliste, héritière pessimiste du rationalisme leibnizien et visionnaire de la pulsion de mort de Freud. Tout en s’inscrivant dans le sillage kantien, cette philosophie conteste aussi déjà le principe d’une subjectivité originelle au nom du principe d’une vie pulsionnelle anonyme, inconsciente et irrationnelle.
Editorial comments/ Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Kluyts T 
Published: August 2012

The experiences of professional nurses with their managers play an important role in the quality of service rendered by nurses.

Opsomming
Die ervaringe van professionele verpleegkundiges met hul verpleegbestuurders speel ‘n belangrike rol in die gehalte diens gelewer deur verpleegkundiges.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The relationship experiences of professional nurses with nurse managers
Authors: James Sindiwe Valencia , Kotzé Wilhelmina J , Van Rooyen Dalena 
Published: August 2012

This qualitative study was undertaken to explore and describe the experiences of professional nurses in their relationships with nurse managers.

Opsomming
Hierdie kwalitatiewe studie is onderneem om die belewenisse van professionele verpleegkundiges ten opsigte van hulle verhoudings met verpleegbestuurders te verken en te beskryf.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Experiences of registered midwives assisting with termination of pregnancies at a tertiary level hospital
Authors: Mayers Pat M , Parkes Briony , Green Beryl , Turner Judy 
Published: August 2012

The implementation of the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act, Act No. 92 of 1996 brought many challenges for the registered nurses/midwife assisting in the termination of pregnancy.

Opsomming
Die implementering van die Wet op die Beëindiging van Swangerskap, Wet Nr. 92 van 1996, het baie uitdagings meegebring vir die geregistreerde verpleegkundige wat met die beëindiging van swangerskap behulpsaam is.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Nurses' perceptions of difficult patients
Authors: Roos Janetta H 
Published: August 2012

The purpose of this article was to explain and describe how professional nurses in the health services experience difficult patients.

Opsomming
Die doel van hierdie artikel was om te verduidelik en te beskryf hoe professionele verpleegkundiges in gesondheidsdienste moeilike pasiënte ervaar.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
From learner to therapist: a story of transcendence and transformation
Authors: Pretorius Hester G , Lydall Anne-Marie , Mohamed-Patel Rahima , Rikhotso Antoinette , Evans Grant W 
Published: August 2012

Therapeutic interventions are guided as much by a therapist’s philosophy as they are by an understanding of psychological and therapeutic principles.

Opsomming
Terapeutiese intervensies word net soveel gerig deur ‘n terapeut se lewensfilosofie, as deur ‘n begrip van sielkundige en terapeutiese beginsels.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial Comments/ Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Roos V 
Published: August 2012

The challenges that health care face in a developing country such as South Africa are clearly illustrated in this edition of Health SA Gesondheid.

Opsomming
Die uitdagings waarmee gesondheidsorg in ‘n ontwikkelende land soos Suid-Afrika gekonfronteer word, word duidelik geillustreer in hierdie uitgawe van Health SA Gesondheid.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Ghosts in the nursery: a case study of the maternal representations of a woman who killed her baby
Authors: Gous A , Roos V 
Published: August 2012

The maternal representations as described by Stern (1995:171-190) are used in an extreme case to illustrate the link between depression and pathogenic maternal representations.

Opsomming
Die moedervoorstellings soos dit deur Stern (1995:171-190) beskryf word, word in ‘n ekstreme geval gebruik om die verband tussen depressie en patogene moedervoorstellings aan te toon.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial Comments/ Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Langley Gayle 
Published: August 2012

The diversity and complexity of South Africa presents particular challenges to health care.

Opsomming
Die diversiteit en kompleksiteit van Suid-Afrika rig besondere uitdagings aan gesondheidsorg.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Implementing infant hearing screening at maternal and child health clinics: context and interactional processes
Authors: Swanepoel De Wet , Hugo René , Louw Brenda 
Published: August 2012

Infant hearing screening has become increasingly widespread as research evidence a dramatic benefit when early identification of hearing loss occurs before six-months of age.

Opsomming
Tans word gehoorsifting van babas toenemend uitgevoer as gevolg van navorsingsbewyse wat die dramatiese voordele van vroeë identifikasie van gehoorverlies (voor die ouderdom van ses-maande) aantoon.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The contribution of the clinical nurse instructor to the development of critical thinking skills of the student nurse in Namibia
Authors: Van Dyk A , Jooste K , Small L , Pretorius L 
Published: August 2012

A quantitative, non-experimental and exploratory study was undertaken to determine the contribution by the clinical nurse instructor to develop critical thinking skills of student nurses in Namibia.

Opsomming
‘n Kwantitatiewe nie-eksperimentele en verkennende studie is onderneem om te bepaal wat die bydrae van die kliniese verpleeginstrukteur is om kritiese denke by die studentverpleegkundige in Namibië te ontwikkel.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The cholera epidemic of 2000/2001 in Kwazulu-Natal: implications for health promotion and education
Authors: Hoque A KM , Worku Zeleke 
Published: August 2012

This study was a cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study conducted in the province of KwaZulu-Natal in the months of November and December 2001 in order to make a comparison between health districts stricken with cholera and districts not stricken with cholera with regards to well-known risk factors for cholera.

Opsomming
‘n Dwarssnit, beskrywende en vergelykende studie met verwysing na bekende risikofaktore vir cholera het in die KwaZulu-Natal Provinsie tussen November en Desember 2001 plaasgevind om ‘n vergelyking te maak tussen gesondheidsdistrikte wat deur cholera geteister word en distrikte wat nie deur cholera geteister word nie.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Editorial Comments/ Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Meyer D 
Published: August 2012

This edition of Health SA Gesondheid provides thought provoking commentary on a variety of challenges experienced in the field of health care.

Opsomming
Hierdie uitgawe van Health SA Gesondheid verskaf
kommentaar oor talle uitdagings wat in die veld van
gesondheidsorg ondervind word.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Factors that affect awareness about the spread of HIV/AIDS in rural Lesotho
Authors: Ranotsi Amelia , Worku Zeleke 
Published: August 2012

A stratified random sample of 401 participants was taken from three sites of study (Maluti, Seboche and Paray) in rural Lesotho in an attempt to study the relationship between awareness about HIV/AIDS and 55 socio-economic and demographic variables.

Opsomming
In ‘n poging om die verband tussen die bewustheid van HIV/VIGS en 55 sosio-ekonomiese en demografiese veranderlikes te bestudeer, is ‘n gestratifiseerde ewekansige steekproef van 401 deelnemers in drie studie-areas in die platteland van Lesotho (Maluti, Seboche en Paray) gedoen.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Treating phobias or treating people of acronyms and the social context
Authors: Fourie David P 
Published: August 2012

Phobias are some of the most common disorders brought to the attention of treatment agents.

Opsomming
Fobies is van die mees algemene versteurings wat onder die aandag van terapeute en dokters kom.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
A group work programme to support and empower non-professional caregivers of people living with AIDS
Authors: Strydom Corinne , Wessels C C 
Published: August 2012

According to a literature study and a research survey conducted in 2004, caregivers are increasingly forced to deal with people living with AIDS as health services are unable to cope with the fast-growing HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Opsomming
Volgens ‘n literatuurstudie en ‘n empiriese ondersoek wat in 2004 onderneem is, word versorgers toenemend onder druk geplaas om met mense wat met VIGS lewe te werk, omdat die gesondheidsdienste nie meer die groeiende MIV/VIGS epidemie kan hanteer nie.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
National guidelines for the management of diabetes mellitus: a nursing perspective
Authors: O’Brien Coleen , Van Rooyen Dalena , Carlson Sheree 
Published: August 2012

Since 1994, the emphasis in the provision of health services in South Africa has shifted from hospital-based care to a community-based comprehensive primary health care system, especially important in the management of chronic diseases, such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM).

Opsomming
Vanaf 1994 het die klem ten opsigte van die voorsiening van gesondheidsdienste in Suid-Afrika verskuif van hospitaal- gebaseerde gesondheidsorg na ‘n gemeenskapsgebaseerde omvattende primêre gesondheidsorgsisteem, veral wat die hantering van chroniese siektes soos Diabetes Mellitus (DM) betref.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
Prescribing patterns of antiretroviral drugs in a section of the private health care sector of South Africa
Authors: Scholtz Danie , Lubbe Martie S , Serfontein Jan HP , Rakumakoe Dorcas , Smit Ronel 
Published: August 2012

The general objective of this study was to investigate the prescribing patterns and cost of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs in the private health care sector in South Africa by using a medicine claims database.

Opsomming
Die doel van hierdie studie was om die voorskryfpatrone en medisynekoste van antiretrovirale (ARV) geneesmiddels in die private gesondheidsorgsektor in Suid-Afrika te ondersoek.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
The student health services at the University of Pretoria from 2000 to 2005
Authors: Van Papendorp D H , Coetzee M , Koorts A M 
Published: August 2012

The University of Pretoria’s Student Health Services provides free, voluntary, family-medicine-orientated health services with an emphasis on offering preventative medicine and health education to enrolled students.

ABSTRAK
Die Universiteit van Pretoria se Gesondheidsdienste voorsien gratis, vrywillige gesins-medisyne-georiënteerde gesondheidsdienste met die klem op voorkomende medisyne en gesondheidsopvoeding aan ingeskrewe studente.
Editorial Comments/ Redaksionele Kommentaar
Authors: Brink Christiaan B 
Published: August 2012

The current issue of Health SA Gesondheid will interest a wide audience of scientists and health professionals working in the areas of health care management, health care economics, policy making, nursing, psychology, sociology, ethics and education.

Opsomming
Hierdie uitgawe van Health SA Gesondheid sal ‘n wye gehoor van wetenskaplikes en professionele gesondheidswerkers, wat werksaam is in die velde van
gesondheidsorgbestuur, gesondheidsorgekonomie, beleidmaking, verpleegkunde, sielkunde, sosiologie en opvoedkunde, interesseer.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.