bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scanning SQUID Microscopy of Local Superconductivity in Inhomogeneous Combinatorial Ceramics
Authors: Iranmanesh Mitra , Stir Manuela , Kirtley John R. , Hulliger Jürg 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAlthough combinatorial solid‐state chemistry promises to be an efficient way to search for new superconducting compounds, the problem of determining which compositions are strongly diamagnetic in a mixed‐phase sample is challenging. By means of reactions in a system of randomly mixed starting components (Ca, Sr, Ba, La, Y, Pb, Bi, Tl, and Cu oxides), samples were produced that showed an onset of diamagnetic response above 115 K in bulk measurements. Imaging of this diamagnetic response in ceramic samples by scanning SQUID microscopy (SSM) revealed local superconducting areas with sizes down to as small as the spatial resolution of a few micrometers. In addition, locally formed superconducting matter was extracted from mixed‐phase samples by magnetic separation. The analysis of single grains (d<80 μm) by X‐ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and bulk SQUID measurements allowed Tl2Ca3Ba2Cu4O12, TlCaBaSrCu2O7−δ, BaPb0.5Bi0.25Tl0.25O3−δ, TlBa2Ca2Cu3O9, Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8, and YBa2Cu3O7 phases to be identified. SSM, in combination with other diagnostic techniques, is therefore shown to be a useful instrument to analyze inhomogeneous reaction products in the solid‐state chemistry of materials showing magnetic properties.
Fast Epitope Mapping for the Anti‐MUC1 Monoclonal Antibody by Combining a One‐Bead‐One‐Glycopeptide Library and a Microarray Platform
Authors: Garcia‐Martin Fayna , Matsushita Takahiko , Hinou Hiroshi , Nishimura Shin‐Ichiro 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAnti‐MUC1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are powerful tools that can be used to recognize cancer‐related MUC1 molecules, the O‐glycosylation status of which is believed to affect binding affinity. We demonstrate the feasibility of using a rapid screening methodology to elucidate those effects. The approach involves i) “one‐bead‐one‐compound”‐based preparation of bilayer resins carrying glycopeptides on the shell and mass‐tag tripeptides coding O‐glycan patterns in the core, ii) on‐resin screening with an anti‐MUC1 mAb, iii) separating positive resins by utilizing secondary antibody conjugation with magnetic beads, and (iv) decoding the mass‐tag that is detached from the positive resins pool by using mass spectrometric analysis. We tested a small library consisting of 27 MUC1 glycopeptides with different O‐glycosylations against anti‐MUC1 mAb clone VU‐3C6. Qualitative mass‐tag analysis showed that increasing the number of glycans leads to an increase in the binding affinity. Six glycopeptides selected from the library were validated by using a microarray‐based assay. Our screening provides valuable information on O‐glycosylations of epitopes leading to high affinity with mAb.
Heteroaromatic Belts through Fold‐in Synthesis: Mechanistic Insights into a Macrocycle‐Templated Friedel–Crafts Alkylation
Authors: Kondratowicz Mateusz , Myśliwiec Damian , Lis Tadeusz , Stępień Marcin 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDirect alkylation of 9,9′,9′′‐triethyl[2.2.2](2,7)carbazolophane with dimethoxymethane or paraformaldehyde affords a belt‐like heteroaromatic structure, which forms as a kinetic product in acid‐catalyzed condensations. In a competing, thermodynamically favored process, polymeric structures are formed by a largely regioselective condensation of stereochemically rigid “semi‐belts”. The relationship between these reactivity routes is rationalized in terms of strain release and differential reversibility of consecutive condensation steps.
Ratiometric Detection of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) in Water and Real‐Time Monitoring of Apyrase Activity with a Tripodal Zinc Complex
Authors: Butler Stephen J. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractTwo tripodal fluorescent probes Zn⋅L1,2 have been synthesised, and their anion‐binding capabilities were examined by using fluorescence spectroscopy. Probe Zn⋅L1 allows the selective and ratiometric detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at physiological pH, even in the presence of several competing anions, such as ADP, phosphate and bicarbonate. The probe was applied to the real‐time monitoring of the apyrase‐catalysed hydrolysis of ATP, in a medium that mimics an extracellular fluid.
Pd‐ and Cu‐Catalyzed Stereo‐ and Regiocontrolled Decarboxylative/CH Fluoroalkenylation of Heteroarenes
Authors: Rousée Kevin , Schneider Cédric , Couve‐Bonnaire Samuel , Pannecoucke Xavier , Levacher Vincent , Hoarau Christophe 
Published: October 2014

AbstractPd/Cu‐catalyzed decarboxylative/direct CH alkenylations of heteroarenes with α‐fluoroacrylic acid is reported. This method offers step‐economical and stereocontrolled access to valuable heteroarylated monofluoroalkenes as both Z and E isomers, which are known to be useful in the synthesis of fluorinated biomolecules.
Chiral Separation of G‐type Chemical Warfare Nerve Agents via Analytical Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
Authors: Kasten Shane A. , Zulli Steven , Jones Jonathan L. , Dephillipo Thomas , Cerasoli Douglas M. 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTChemical warfare nerve agents (CWNAs) are extremely toxic organophosphorus compounds that contain a chiral phosphorus center. Undirected synthesis of G‐type CWNAs produces stereoisomers of tabun, sarin, soman, and cyclosarin (GA, GB, GD, and GF, respectively). Analytical‐scale methods were developed using a supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system in tandem with a mass spectrometer for the separation, quantitation, and isolation of individual stereoisomers of GA, GB, GD, and GF. Screening various chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for the capacity to provide full baseline separation of the CWNAs revealed that a Regis WhelkO1 (SS) column was capable of separating the enantiomers of GA, GB, and GF, with elution of the P(+) enantiomer preceding elution of the corresponding P(–) enantiomer; two WhelkO1 (SS) columns had to be connected in series to achieve complete baseline resolution. The four diastereomers of GD were also resolved using two tandem WhelkO1 (SS) columns, with complete baseline separation of the two P(+) epimers. A single WhelkO1 (RR) column with inverse stereochemistry resulted in baseline separation of the GD P(–) epimers. The analytical methods described can be scaled to allow isolation of individual stereoisomers to assist in screening and development of countermeasures to organophosphorus nerve agents. Chirality 26:817–824, 2014. © 2014 The Authors. Chirality published by John Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Investigation of Coking During Dry Reforming of Methane by Means of Thermogravimetry
Authors: Tarasov Andrey , Düdder Hendrik , Mette Katharina , Kühl Stefanie , Kähler Kevin , Schlögl Robert , Muhler Martin , Behrens Malte 
Published: October 2014

AbstractCoking dynamics of Ni‐based and Ni‐free catalysts were studied in a magnetic suspension thermobalance under methane dry reforming conditions. Ni‐rich catalysts undergo strong coking featured with a surface saturation point where the coking rate is drastically reduced. Catalyst resistance towards coking may be enhanced by using noble‐metal‐based Ni‐free precursors or decreasing the Ni content in the catalytic system. The post reaction performed temperature‐programmed oxidation experiment of the coked catalyst is diffusion‐limited due to large amounts of formed carbon.
Antioxidant micronutrients and the risk of renal cell carcinoma in the Women's Health Initiative cohort
Authors: Ho Won Jin , Simon Michael S. , Yildiz Vedat O. , Shikany James M. , Kato Ikuko , Beebe‐Dimmer Jennifer L. , Cetnar Jeremy P. , Bock Cathryn H. 
Published: October 2014

BACKGROUNDRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the eighth leading cancer among women in incidence and commonly is diagnosed at a more advanced stage. Oxidative stress has been considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of RCC. Various dietary micronutrients have antioxidant properties, including carotenoids and vitamins C and E; thus, diets rich in these nutrients have been evaluated in relation to RCC prevention. The objective of this study was to explore the correlation between antioxidant micronutrients and the risk of RCC.METHODSIn total, 96,196 postmenopausal women who enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) between 1993 and 1998 and were followed through July 2013 were included in this analysis. Dietary micronutrient intake was estimated from the baseline WHI food frequency questionnaire, and data on supplement use were collected using an interview‐based inventory procedure. RCC cases were ascertained from follow‐up surveys and were centrally adjudicated. The risks for RCC associated with intake of α‐carotene, β‐carotene, β‐cryptoxanthin, lutein plus zeaxanthin, lycopene, vitamin C, and vitamin E were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression adjusted for confounders.RESULTSTwo hundred forty women with RCC were identified during follow‐up. Lycopene intake was inversely associated with RCC risk (P = .015); compared with the lowest quartile of lycopene intake, the highest quartile of intake was associated with a 39% lower risk of RCC (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.39‐0.97). No other micronutrient was significantly associated with RCC risk.CONCLUSIONSThe current results suggest that further investigation into the correlation between lycopene intake and the risk of RCC is warranted. Cancer 2015;121:580–588. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Inter‐cell interference mitigation based on joint beamforming
Authors: Li Xu , Yin Huarui , Xu Ying , Wei Guo 
Published: October 2014

SummaryIn cellular networks, global channel state information (CSI) shall be shared among neighboring cells to mitigate various inter‐cell interference (ICI). In this paper, we propose that comparable ICI is mitigated while weak ICI is treated as noise. The amount of shared CSI is highly reduced, because of that only the CSI corresponding to comparable ICI is shared among neighboring cells. In the case of single user equipment in each cell, a joint singular value decomposition and interference alignment method is proposed along with the analysis of its approximate sum rate. Some nodes select singular value decomposition method, while others choose interference alignment method. The method at each node is determined by global selection principle or user classification principle. In the case of multiple UEs in each cell, all nodes utilize minimum mean square error method, but ICI is neglected at cell center users. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interactive histone acetylation and methylation in regulating transdifferentiation‐related genes during tunicate budding and regeneration
Authors: Shibuya Misa , Hatano Mitzuki , Kawamura Kaz 
Published: October 2014

ABSTRACTBackground: In the budding tunicate Polyandrocarpa misakiensis, retinoic acid (RA)‐triggered transdifferentiation occurs during bud development and zooid regeneration. We aimed to reveal how and to what extent epigenetic histone modifications are involved in transdifferentiation‐related gene expression. Results: Acetylated histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9ac) was observed in transdifferentiating bud tissues and regenerating zooid tissues, where a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) gene, PmGCN5, was strongly expressed. Results of chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) indicated that in transdifferentiating bud tissues, retinoic acid receptor (PmRAR), retinoid X receptor (PmRXR), external signal‐regulated kinase (PmERK), and β‐catenin (PmβCTN) genes conspicuously underwent H3K9 acetylation in their core promoter regions. RA was found to induce PmGCN5, causing histone acetylation of PmRAR, PmRXR, and PmERK. A GCN5 inhibitor, CPTH2, attenuated acetylation and weakened transcription of transdifferentiation‐related genes, except PmERK, indicating that RA‐induced GCN5 facilitates gene expression via histone acetylation. In regenerating zooids, H3K9ac occurred exclusively in PmERK, but PmERK expression did not change, and, surprisingly, the PmProhibitin2 expression decreased substantially. In the core promoter regions of these genes, suppressive histone methylation occurred at H3K9 and H3K27. Conclusions: These results, along with other evidence, indicate that cooperative and conflicting histone modifications enable the minute regulation of gene expression in P. misakiensis. Developmental Dynamics 244:10–20, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New evidence for favourable effects on haemodynamics and ventricular performance after Parachute® implantation in humans
Authors: Schmidt Tobias , Frerker Christian , Thielsen Thomas , Dotz Inge , Wohlmuth Peter , Kuck Karl‐Heinz , Schäfer Ulrich 
Published: October 2014

AimsThe Parachute® Ventricular Partitioning Device offers an additional strategy for heart failure patients with exclusion of the infarcted wall to decrease left ventricular volumes, myocardial work, and wall stress. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if Parachute implantation might influence acute haemodynamic and functional performance in patients with left ventricular aneurysm after anteroapical infarction.Methods and resultsSixteen patients underwent a Parachute device implantation. Invasive right and left heart haemodynamic assessments as well as left ventricular analysis for evaluating left ventricle end‐diastolic and end‐systolic volumes, and regional ventricular function were analysed. After implantation a significant increase in stroke volume (+25.4%, P = 0.0005), stroke volume index (+26.5%, P = 0.0005), cardiac output (+25.8%, P < 0.0001) and cardiac index (+25.9%, P < 0.0001) was found. In addition to an increase in mean aortic (P = 0.0050) and pulmonary pressure (P = 0.0347), there were significant increases in stroke work index (P = 0.0003), left (P = 0.0015) and right (P = 0.0024) ventricular stroke work index as well as left and right cardiac work index (both P = 0.0001), while the remaining haemodynamic parameters remained unchanged. Left ventricular analysis showed an acute reduction of the left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (–18.0%, P < 0.0001) and left ventricular end‐systolic volume (–26.3%, P < 0.0001) and an increase in ejection fraction from 22.9 to 30.6% (+38.4%, P < 0.0001). Most interestingly, the basal wall segments displayed an increased contribution to the left ventricular ejection fraction with increased wall motion in nearly all segments (except the apex region).ConclusionThe data demonstrate the acute haemodynamic efficacy of Parachute device implantation. The implantation of the device displays immediate significant left ventricular volume reduction leading to an acute improved right and left cardiac function, proving the concept of left ventricular partitioning.
Asymmetric Assembly of Steroidal Tetracyclic Skeletons
Authors: Gupta Preeti , Panda Gautam 
Published: October 2014

AbstractSteroids have long played a vital role in organic synthesis because of their unique structural motif and associated biological properties. In recent years, asymmetric synthesis has emerged as a powerful tool for assembling the tetracyclic framework with high levels of molecular diversity. This review summarizes the latest developments in the enantioselective syntheses of both natural and synthetic steroids incorporating the carbocyclic skeleton. The approaches to the synthesis of steroids and related molecules are based primarily on the use of chiral starting materials, the employment of reagent‐controlled asymmetric induction assisted by chiral complexes, chiral Lewis acids or organocatalysts, or the utilisation of chiral auxiliaries.
Iron‐TEMPO‐Catalyzed Domino Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation/Oxidative Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling for the Synthesis of α‐Keto Amides
Authors: Kotha Surya Srinivas , Chandrasekar Selvaraj , Sahu Samrat , Sekar Govindasamy 
Published: October 2014

AbstractAn iron‐TEMPO‐catalyzed (TEMPO = 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxy), aerobic process was developed to synthesize α‐keto amides. This reaction proceeds through a domino alcohol oxidation/oxidative cross‐dehydrogenative coupling sequence, uses 2‐hydroxyacetophenones and amines as the starting materials, and takes place under molecular oxygen, which makes the transformation highly efficient, practical, and environmentally friendly.
A New Voltammetric Sensor for Hydrazine Based on Michael Addition Reaction Using 1‐Amino‐2‐naphtol‐4‐sulfonic Acid
Authors: Ojani Reza , Rahemi Vanoushe , Raoof Jahan‐Bakhsh 
Published: October 2014

AbstractIn this paper, voltammetric determination of hydrazine was investigated by 1‐amino‐2‐naphtol‐4‐sulfonic acid (ANSA) at the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE) using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and double potential step chronoamperometry. Results showed that in pH 7.00, hydrazine participates in Michael addition reaction with ANSA and the anodic peak potential of hydrazine shifted to 726 mV less positive than CPE in absence of ANSA, this value is unique compared with other research works. Also, the value of rate constant for the oxidation of hydrazine was calculated 8.3 × 104 cm3 mol‐1 s‐1 and the diffusion coefficient of ANSA at the surface of CPE was determined 7.3 × 10‐7 cm2 s‐1. A linear correlation between Ip and hydrazine concentration in the ranges, from 5 × 10‐5 mol/L to 2.5 × 10‐2 mol/L with CV method was obtained and the detection limit was found as 4.3 × 10‐5 mol/L.
Yttrium(III) Nitrate: A Powerful Catalyst for Green and Rapid Synthesis of Some Supramolecules
Authors: Arami Afsaneh , Karami Bahador , Khodabakhshi Saeed 
Published: October 2014

AbstractA convenient and rapid procedure for the synthesis of calix[4]resorcinarenes as useful supramolecules has been developed via a reaction of aryl aldehydes with resorcinol in the presence of yttrium(III) nitrate under solvent‐free conditions. This eco‐friendly method has many appealing attributes such as excellent yields, short reactions times, and simple work‐up procedures.
Determination of Human Serum Protein by Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Derivatized
Authors: Dong Yanjie , Huang Xuming , Wang Fang , Wang Junwei , Xia Hongyu , Wang Zhongling 
Published: October 2014

AbstractDetermination of human serum protein by molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) derivatized inner wall of capillary coupling of capillary‐electrophoresis was successfully developed. The vinyl groups were introduced onto the silica by immobilization of ‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. Then the MIP coating was copolymerized and anchored onto the surface of the silica. The other preparation conditions, such as monomer concentration, temperature, and time of polymerization, were systematically studied. The obtained MIP‐derivatized capillary was applied to capillary electrophoresis, which was used for the separation and determination of human serum protein. The optimization of the experimental conditions was determined by evaluating various controlling factors: running buffer pH = 9.6, 0.1 mol L‐1 boric acid‐sodium borate, separation voltage 30 kV, temperature 25 °C, detected wavelength 192 nm.
Accumulation of coal humic acids by wheat seedlings: Direct evidence using tritium autoradiography and occurrence in lipid fraction
Authors: Kulikova Natalia A. , Badun Gennadii A. , Korobkov Viktor I. , Chernysheva Maria G. , Tsvetkova Eugenia A. , Abroskin Dmitry P. , Konstantinov Andrey I. , Zaitchik Boris T. , Ruzhitsky Alexander O. , Perminova Irina V. 
Published: October 2014

AbstractHumic acids (HA) are natural organic compounds that are important components of organic matter. The accumulation, distribution, and fate of tritium‐labeled HA prepared from coal were analyzed using wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. There was a period of rapid accumulation of HA followed by a slower one in the period from 1 to 24 h. There was a significant decrease in HA accumulation at low temperature, indicating that the slower rate of HA accumulation represented a membrane‐mediated process. HA distribution in plant tissues was analyzed using autoradiography. In all cases, HA concentration was considerably higher in the roots than in the shoots. Detailed examination of autoradiograms showed that there was preferential accumulation of HA in the apices of roots and shoots of wheat seedlings. Lipid fractions were extracted from seedlings and analyzed with thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. These analyses revealed that labeled HA were present in the neutral lipid fraction consisting mainly of alkanes and alkenes, which are usually found in plant waxes, associated with the cuticle and suberized tissues. Based on these data, it is suggested that HA‐derived hydrocarbons may be used in wax biosynthesis. This role could explain the mitigating activity of humic substances under stress conditions.
Elemental composition of edible nuts: fast optimization and validation procedure of an ICP‐OES method
Authors: Tošić Snežana B , Mitić Snežana S , Velimirović Dragan S , Stojanović Gordana S , Pavlović Aleksandra N , Pecev‐Marinković Emilija T 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry method for the speedy simultaneous detection of 19 elements in edible nuts (walnuts: Juglans nigra; almonds: Prunus dulcis; hazelnuts: Corylus avellana; Brazil nuts: Bertholletia excelsa; cashews: Anacardium occidentalle; pistachios: Pistacia vera; and peanuts: Arachis hypogaea) available on the Serbian markets, was optimized and validated through the selection of instrumental parameters and analytical lines free from spectral interference and with the lowest matrix effects.RESULTSThe analysed macro‐elements were present in the following descending order: Na > Mg > Ca > K. Of all the trace elements, the tested samples showed the highest content of Fe. The micro‐element Se was detected in all the samples of nuts. The toxic elements As, Cd and Pb were either not detected or the contents were below the limit of detection. One‐way analysis of variance, Student's t‐test, Tukey's HSD post hoc test and hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis were applied in the statistical analysis of the results.CONCLUSIONBased on the detected content of analysed elements it can be concluded that nuts may be a good additional source of minerals as micronutrients. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Measuring the damage of heavy metal cadmium in rice seedlings by SRAP analysis combined with physiological and biochemical parameters
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqin , Chen Huinan , Jiang Hua , Lu Wenyi , Pan Jiangjie , Qian Qian , Xue Dawei 
Published: October 2014

AbstractBACKGROUNDCadmium (Cd) is one of the most poisonous pollutants, and Cd pollution has become the limiting factor of rice production and quality improvement. Therefore it is of significant importance to monitor Cd toxicity by the detection of Cd contamination in rice with biomarkers. In the present study, sequence‐related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and physiological and biochemical methods were applied to determine the toxicological effects of Cd stress on rice.RESULTSWith increasing Cd concentration and duration, the content of chlorophyll in the two rice varieties W7 and M63 decreased and that of malondialdehyde increased. This tendency was more apparent in M63. The antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and peroxidase both increased significantly compared with controls. SRAP polymerase chain reaction results indicated significant differences between Cd treatments and controls in terms of SRAP profile, as well as genotypic differences. The genomic template stability (GTS) decreased with increasing Cd concentration and duration. Under the same treatment conditions, the GTS of W7 was higher than that of M63. Comparison analysis revealed that the changes in physiological and biochemical parameters of rice seedlings under Cd stress had a good correlation with the changes in SRAP profile. Furthermore, the changes in SRAP profile showed enhanced sensitivity in the roots of rice seedlings.CONCLUSIONThe SRAP profile and physiological and biochemical parameters could act as appropriate biomarkers for the measurement of Cd contamination during rice production. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry