bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigationsverfahren für mobile Roboter — Ein Blick in Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft
Authors: Müller André , Wünsche Hans-Joachim 
Published: April 2013

Zusammenfassung
Auch wenn Roboter, ungeachtet ihrer Mobilität, im alltäglichen Leben noch eine untergeordnete Rolle spielen, so werden zahlreiche Aufgaben, die hohe Präzision und Schnelligkeit erfordern, schon längst von ihnen übernommen. Jedoch werden immer neue Anwendungsgebiete von ihnen erschlossen, ob in Form von autonomen Robotern zur Erkundung sehr tiefer Meeresregionen, Fahrerassistenzsystemen für Fahrzeuge oder unbemannten Drohnen. Mit jeder neuen Anwendung werden neue Anforderungen, nicht nur an Hardware wie Sensorik und Aktorik, sondern ebenso an Wahrnehmungs- und Navigationsalgorithmen, gestellt. Aber besonders dann, wenn schwierige Umgebungsbedingungen die Wahrnehmung bekannter Strukturen erschweren, müssen robuste Navigationsmethoden aus unsicheren Sensormessungen und einer Vielzahl von möglichen Roboterbewegungen die passendste Aktion auswählen, um den Roboter sicher und zielgerichtet zu bewegen. Dieser Artikel soll die verschiedenartigen Navigationsparadigmen und deren Realisierungen auf echten mobilen Robotern aufzeigen, sowie die Gründe hinter der gewählten Realisierung herausarbeiten. Den Schluss soll ein Ausblick auf mögliche zukünftige Entwicklungen im Bereich der Navigation mobiler Roboter bilden.
Kognitive Robotik — Herausforderungen an unser Verständnis natürlicher Umgebungen
Authors: Toussaint Marc , Lang Tobias , Jetchev Nikolay 
Published: April 2013

Zusammenfassung
Wir diskutieren einen Ansatz, der kognitive Robotik als die Erweiterung der Methoden der Robotik — insb. Lernen, Planen und Regelung — auf „äußere Freiheitsgrade“ versteht. Damit verschiebt sich der Fokus: Weg von Gelenkwinkeln, Vektorräumen und Gauß'schen Verteilungen, hin zu den Objekten und der Struktur der Umwelt. Letztere können wir nur schwer formalisieren und in geeignete Repräsentationen und Priors übersetzen, mit denen effizientes Lernen und Planen möglich wird. Es wird deutlich, welche theoretischen Probleme sich hinter dem Ziel automomer Systeme verbergen, die durch intelligente Exploration und Verallgemeinerung ihre Umwelt zu verstehen lernen und die gelernten Modelle zur Handlungsplanung nutzen. Die momentan diskutierte Integration von Logik, Geometrie und Wahrscheinlichkeiten — und damit die Überbrückung der klassischen Disziplinbarrieren zwischen Robotik, Künstlicher Intelligenz und statistischer Lerntheorie — ist eine der zwangsläufigen Herausforderungen der kognitiven Robotik. In diesem Kontext skizzieren wir eigene Beiträge zum relationalen Reinforcement-Lernen, zur Exploration und dem Symbol-Lernen.
An Internet Inspired Approach to Power Grid Stability / Internet-Konzepte für Stromnetzstabilität
Authors: Hermanns Holger , Hartmanns Arnd 
Published: April 2013

Summary
The German power grid is facing the disruptive challenge to integrate massively decentral infeed of renewable electric power. It is commonly agreed that information technology can help in managing this problem, mainly by tailoring communication protocols and interfaces, as well as data warehousing and information retrieval approaches to this problem domain. This paper advocates a radically different approach. We draw strong analogies between the operation of the Internet and the operation of a future power grid, and from that derive principles that inspire the design of a new generation of distributed and decentralised power grid control appliances. We report on some prototypical controller designs for photovoltaic generators, and contrast their reliable operation with critical shortcomings of controllers installed on hundreds of thousands of German rooftops to date.
Why Smart Grids?
Authors: Kiessling Andreas , Niemann Michael U. , Schmitt Frieder 
Published: April 2013

Summary
The transformation to the guide system of renewable energy requires the flexibilization of the energy system where smart grids are the basis for new grid and market functions with close inclusion of customers’ properties. The E-Energy project moma developed a new procedure for a cellular grid operation with automated processes. In this article, the moma system is put in relation to the architecture of the EU-smart grid mandate 490 as well as to moma flexibilization functions.
ICT-Challenges in Load Balancing across Multi-Domain Hybrid Energy Infrastructures / IKT-Herausforderungen bei der Lastverschiebung in domänenübergreifenden Hybridnetzen
Authors: Lehnhoff Sebastian , Rohjans Sebastian , Appelrath H.-Jürgen 
Published: April 2013

Summary
Addressing the “storage gap” in future energy systems with a high penetration of renewable and volatile resources is a major challenge. Hybrid Energy Grids represent a possible solution to this problem by interconnecting energy systems and infrastructures and thus allowing energy to be transformed between various alternative forms of energy. This provides the means for higher flexibility along the energy system. The paper discusses the concept of Hybrid Energy Grids from an ICT perspective and presents a regulation framework to assess use cases in multi-domain Hybrid Energy Infrastructures.
Kernel-Based Machine Learning with Multiple Sources of Information / Kernbasiertes Maschinelles Lernen mit mehreren Informationsquellen
Authors: Kloft Marius 
Published: April 2013

Summary
We present a new methodology for fusing information from multiple data sources - or kernels - in machine learning. Previous approaches promoted sparse combinations of kernels, which, however, may discard important information. We present a flexible approach based on ℓp-norm regularization, allowing for non-sparse solutions. In a theoretical analysis we show lower and upper generalization bounds of order up to O(M/n), overcoming the best previously known upper bounds for the problem, which achieved O(√M/n). The computational experiments indicate that the novel algorithms are up to two orders of magnitude faster than previous approaches. Applications to computational biology and computer vision show accuracies that go beyond the stateof-the-art.
Crystal structure of (2E,6E)-2-benzylidene-6-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene) cyclohexanone, C22H22O3
Authors: Hu Wan-Le , Zhu Li-Li , Huang Chong-Jie , Xu Yong-Qiang , Cai Mao , Liu Chang-Bao 
Published: April 2013

Abstract C22H22O3, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 8.641(1) Å, b = 9.808(1) Å, c = 12.420(1) Å, α = 89.263(2)°, β = 70.596(2)°, γ = 64.224(2)°, V = 883.2 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0646, wRref(F2) = 0.1796, T = 293 K.
Unilaterally impacted maxillary central incisor and canine with ipsilateral transposed canine-lateral incisor
Authors: Fu Po-Sung , Wang Jen-Chyan , Wu Yi-Min , Huang Ta-Ko , Chen Wen-Cheng , Tseng Yu-Chuan , Tseng Chin-Huang , Hung Chun-Cheng 
Published: April 2013

ABSTRACTConcurrent impaction and transposition of maxillary anterior teeth is uncommon and poses a challenge for dentists. Early diagnosis and management of eruption disturbances benefits esthetic and functional outcomes. This article describes the treatment of a teenager who had impactions of the left maxillary central incisor and canine as well as ipsilateral canine-lateral incisor transposition. Treatment alternatives and effective orthodontic techniques are delineated. To optimize the treatment results, the impacted maxillary canine was surgically exposed and orthodontically distalized with an innovative cantilever. Subsequently, the deeply impacted maxillary central incisor was uncovered and orthodontically mesialized into the arch. Finally, the displaced maxillary lateral incisor was brought into its normal position. The combined surgical-orthodontic approach resolved a difficult clinical issue and avoided additional restorations. An esthetic, functional outcome was achieved and satisfied the patient.
CEACAM5 is correlated with Angio/Lymphangiogenesis of Prostatic Lesions
Authors: Yan Jie-ke , Wang Yu-zhen , Tian Chuan , Liu Shuang-de , Zhou Cheng-jun , He Wei-dong , Liu Xiao-li , Xu Dong-sheng , Zhang Rong-mei , Wang Hong-wei , Zhao Shengtian 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
Social functioning and support of addicts on methadone
Authors: Dragic Natasa , Dickov Aleksandra , Nikolic Erzebet , Vuckovic Nikola 
Published: April 2013

Abstract
The study aimed to determine characteristics of addicts on methadone maintenance therapy (MMT), which are related to the level of social functioning, with emphasis on the role of social support. In a prospective study, opiate addicts (n=150) who were on MMT completed the Pompidou questionnaire, the Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Statistical data processing was based on testing the difference between features that best distinguish subgroups of addicts who were dissatisfied, moderately satisfied and satisfied with their social functioning. Opiate addicts up to 30 years of age had a statistically higher score on SASS scale than addicts over 30; addicts who are dissatisfied are mainly unemployed and have average or above-average family/community financial status; opiate addicts who were moderately satisfied with their social functioning were three years or longer on MMT; paradoxically, the highest mean value of score on MSPSS scale dominated among addicts who are dissatisfied with their social functioning. These results indicate that age, employment, financial status, duration of MMT are the characteristics of addicts which are related to the level of social functioning. Social support is most perceived by addicts who are dissatisfied with their social functioning.
Physical Therapist–Established Intensive Care Unit Early Mobilization Program: Quality Improvement Project for Critical Care at the University of California San Francisco Medical Center
Authors: Engel Heidi J. , Tatebe Shintaro , Alonzo Philip B. , Mustille Rebecca L. , Rivera Monica J. 
Published: April 2013

Background
Long-term weakness and disability are common after an intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Usual care in the ICU prevents most patients from receiving preventative early mobilization.

Objective
The study objective was to describe a quality improvement project established by a physical therapist at the University of California San Francisco Medical Center from 2009 to 2011. The goal of the program was to reduce patients' ICU length of stay by increasing the number of patients in the ICU receiving physical therapy and decreasing the time from ICU admission to physical therapy initiation.

Design
This study was a 9-month retrospective analysis of a quality improvement project.

Methods
An interprofessional ICU Early Mobilization Group established and promoted guidelines for mobilizing patients in the ICU. A physical therapist was dedicated to a 16-bed medical-surgical ICU to provide physical therapy to selected patients within 48 hours of ICU admission. Patients receiving early physical therapy intervention in the ICU in 2010 were compared with patients receiving physical therapy under usual care practice in the same ICU in 2009.

Results
From 2009 to 2010, the number of patients receiving physical therapy in the ICU increased from 179 to 294. The median times (interquartile ranges) from ICU admission to physical therapy evaluation were 3 days (9 days) in 2009 and 1 day (2 days) in 2010. The ICU length of stay decreased by 2 days, on average, and the percentage of ambulatory patients discharged to home increased from 55% to 77%.

Limitations
This study relied upon the retrospective analysis of data from 6 collectors, and the intervention lacked physical therapy coverage for 7 days per week.

Conclusions
The improvements in outcomes demonstrated the value and feasibility of a physical therapist–led early mobilization program.
Internal and External Focus of Attention During Gait Re-Education: An Observational Study of Physical Therapist Practice in Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Johnson Louise , Burridge Jane H. , Demain Sara H. 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundFocus of attention is known to play an important role in motor skill learning, yet little is known about how attention is directed within the context of stroke rehabilitation.ObjectiveThe aims of this study were: (1) to identify physical therapists' use of internal and external focus of attention during gait rehabilitation for individuals with hemiplegia following stroke and (2) to use the findings to design an experimental study examining the impact of focus of attention on learning poststroke.DesignThe study design involved direct nonparticipation observation of physical therapy treatment sessions.MethodsEight physical therapy treatment sessions, in which gait rehabilitation was taking place, were video recorded. Patients were aged between 36 and 85 years, and ranged from 7 to 216 days poststroke; physical therapists had between 3 and 12 years of experience in stroke rehabilitation. Data analysis took 2 forms: (1) clear definitions of internal and external focus of attention were agreed on via a consensus group and used to develop an analysis matrix through which incidences of instruction and feedback were identified, categorized, and counted; and (2) verbal dialogue was transcribed verbatim and transcripts were thematically analyzed to provide a detailed description of how instructions and feedback were used, illustrated by examples.ResultsThe use of instructions and feedback (internal and external focus) was high; an average of one verbal instruction or feedback statement was delivered every 14 seconds. Sixty-seven percent of the statements were internally focused, 22% were externally focused, and 11% were of mixed focus. Unfocused statements (eg, “good”) also were used regularly. Patients were frequently encouraged to “think about” their performance.LimitationsObservational data collection methods may result in changes in the behavior of those observed, which is a potential source of bias. The small sample size also was a limitation of the study.ConclusionPhysical therapists frequently encouraged patients to be aware of their movements and their performance (internal focus). This approach may reduce automaticity and hinder learning and retention.
Psychometric Properties of the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) in Community-Dwelling Individuals With Chronic Stroke
Authors: Tsang Charlotte S.L. , Liao Lin-Rong , Chung Raymond C.K. , Pang Marco Y.C. 
Published: April 2013

BackgroundThe Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) is a new balance assessment, but its psychometric properties have not been specifically tested in individuals with stroke.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Mini-BESTest and its accuracy in categorizing people with stroke based on fall history.DesignAn observational measurement study with a test-retest design was conducted.MethodsOne hundred six people with chronic stroke were recruited. Intrarater reliability was evaluated by repeating the Mini-BESTest within 10 days by the same rater. The Mini-BESTest was administered by 2 independent raters to establish interrater reliability. Validity was assessed by correlating Mini-BESTest scores with scores of other balance measures (Berg Balance Scale, one-leg-standing, Functional Reach Test, and Timed “Up & Go” Test) in the stroke group and by comparing Mini-BESTest scores between the stroke group and 48 control participants, and between fallers (≥1 falls in the previous 12 months, n=25) and nonfallers (n=81) in the stroke group.ResultsThe Mini-BESTest had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach alpha=.89–.94), intrarater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [3,1]=.97), and interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [2,1]=.96). The minimal detectable change at 95% confidence interval was 3.0 points. The Mini-BESTest was strongly correlated with other balance measures. Significant differences in Mini-BESTest total scores were found between the stroke and control groups and between fallers and nonfallers in the stroke group. In terms of floor and ceiling effects, the Mini-BESTest was significantly less skewed than other balance measures, except for one-leg-standing on the nonparetic side. The Berg Balance Scale showed significantly better ability to identify fallers (positive likelihood ratio=2.6) than the Mini-BESTest (positive likelihood ratio=1.8).LimitationsThe results are generalizable only to people with mild to moderate chronic stroke.ConclusionsThe Mini-BESTest is a reliable and valid tool for evaluating balance in people with chronic stroke.
Alzheimer Disease Alters the Relationship of Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Brain Activity During the Stroop Task
Authors: Vidoni Eric D. , Gayed Matthew R. , Honea Robyn A. , Savage Cary R. , Hobbs Derek , Burns Jeffrey M. 
Published: April 2013

Background
Despite mounting evidence that physical activity has positive benefits for brain and cognitive health, there has been little characterization of the relationship between cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness and cognition-associated brain activity as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The lack of evidence is particularly glaring for diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD) that degrade cognitive and functional performance.

Objective
The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between regional brain activity during cognitive tasks and CR fitness level in people with and without AD.

Design
A case-control, single-observation study design was used.

Methods
Thirty-four individuals (18 without dementia and 16 in the earliest stages of AD) completed maximal exercise testing and performed a Stroop task during fMRI.

Results
Cardiorespiratory fitness was inversely associated with anterior cingulate activity in the participants without dementia (r=−.48, P=.05) and unassociated with activation in those with AD (P&gt;.7). Weak associations of CR fitness and middle frontal cortex were noted.

Limitations
The wide age range and the use of a single task in fMRI rather than multiple tasks challenging different cognitive capacities were limitations of the study.

Conclusions
The results offer further support of the relationship between CR fitness and regional brain activity. However, this relationship may be attenuated by disease. Future work in this area may provide clinicians and researchers with interpretable and dependable regional fMRI biomarker signatures responsive to exercise intervention. It also may shed light on mechanisms by which exercise can support cognitive function.
In vivo embolization of lateral wall aneurysms in canines using the liquid-to-solid gelling PPODA-QT polymer system: 6-month pilot study
Authors: Brennecka Celeste R. , Preul Mark C. , Becker Timothy A. , Vernon Brent L. 
Published: April 2013

Object
Over the past 20 years, endovascular embolization has become the preferred method of treating cerebral aneurysms. While there are many embolic devices on the market, none is ideal. In this study the authors investigated the use of a liquid-to-solid gelling polymer system—that is, poly(propylene glycol) diacrylate and pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate) (PPODA-QT)—to embolize in vivo aneurysms over a 6-month period.

Methods
Experimental aneurysms were created in the carotid arteries of 9 canines. Aneurysms were embolized with the polymer only (PPODA-QT, 3 dogs), filled with PPODA-QT after placement of a “framing” platinum coil (coil + PPODA-QT, 3 dogs), or packed with platinum coils (coils only, 3 dogs). Aneurysm occlusion was angiographically monitored immediately and 6 months after embolization. After 6 months, the ostial regions of explanted aneurysms were assessed macroscopically and histologically.

Results
All aneurysms showed 100% angiographic occlusion at 6 months, but turbulent blood flow was observed in 1 coils-only sample. Ostial regions of explanted coils-only aneurysms showed neointimal tissue surrounding individual coils but no continuous tissue layer over the aneurysm neck. All PPODA-QT aneurysms displayed smooth ostial surfaces, but 2 of 3 coil + PPODA-QT aneurysms showed polymer (unassociated with the coil) protruding into the vessel lumen, contributing to rough ostial surfaces. Neointimal tissue was present in PPODA-QT and coil + PPODA-QT aneurysms and covered smooth ostial surfaces more completely than in coils-only aneurysms.

Conclusions
This study compared neointimal tissue overgrowth in the ostium of experimental aneurysms embolized with PPODA-QT, PPODA-QT plus a framing coil, or coils alone. The coils-only and coil + PPODA-QT groups showed rough and discontinuous ostial surfaces, which hindered neointimal tissue coverage. The PPODA-QT aneurysms consistently produced smooth ostial surfaces that facilitated more complete neointimal tissue coverage over aneurysm necks.
Le Telégrafo mercantil, rural, político-económico e historiográfico del Río de la Plata (1801-1802)
Authors: Bonardi Laurent 
Published: April 2013

La mise en place de l’imprimerie Niños Expósitos à Buenos Aires en 1780 marque le début de l’ère de la presse dans le Río de la Plata. Après la publication de feuilles volantes, les porteños assistent à la naissance du premier périodique imprimé de Buenos Aires : le Telégrafo mercantil, rural, político-económico e historiográfico del Río de la Plata, fondé par Francisco Cabello. Cet article propose une analyse des principales caractéristiques de ce journal ainsi que de sa trajectoire.
Une éphémère revue afrancesada : El Imparcial de Pedro Estala (mars-août 1809)
Authors: Dufour Gérard 
Published: April 2013

Pour convaincre leurs compatriotes d’adhérer à la nouvelle dynastie, les afrancesados eurent largement recours à la presse. Le plus souvent, en vain. On examine ici l’une de ces tentatives infructueuses : la création par l’un des hommes de lettres les plus brillants de son temps, Pedro Estala, d’un périodique bihebdomadaire, El Imparcial, dont le prospectus, publié dans la Gaceta de Madrid permet de comprendre la stratégie éditoriale de son rédacteur et les causes de son échec.
Juan Antonio Llorente, collaborateur de périodiques français et espagnols, rédacteur des Conversaciones de Cándido y Prudencio sobre el estado actual de España (1820)
Authors: Dufour Gérard 
Published: April 2013

Parmi ceux qui, nés dans l’Espagne des Lumières, mirent leur plume au service de ce nouveau moyen de communication que constituait la presse figuraient nombre d’ecclésiastiques dont Juan Antonio Llorente, passé à la postérité comme le premier historien de l’Inquisition. Ce dernier présente la particularité d’avoir collaboré aussi bien à des journaux français qu’espagnols et d’avoir publié à Paris, en 1820, un périodique destiné à ses compatriotes : Conversaciones entre Cándido y Prudencio sobre el estado actual de España. C’est sa trajectoire de journaliste, peu connue, qui est ici présentée et analysée.
Mayo de 1808 en la Prensa Gaditana de la Guerra de la Independencia
Authors: Sánchez Hita Beatriz 
Published: April 2013

De tous les symboles générés par la Guerre d’Indépendance celui du Deux mai est assurément l’un des plus connus. Mais l’image du peuple en armes luttant pour sa liberté a été utilisée à diverses fins et a revêtu différentes significations au fil du conflit. En ce sens on observe qu’à partir de 1811 où cette date s’institutionnalise, le Deux mai sera dans un premier temps utilisé par les libéraux comme emblème d’une liberté, garantie en 1812 par la Constitution, alors que les « serviles » passeront sous silence cette date si importante. En 1814 les choses changent. Le Deux mai est à nouveau utilisé par les libéraux afin d’inciter le peuple à prendre les armes pour sauver le système politique, alors que, dans le camp des « serviles », le souvenir des martyrs est mis à contribution afin de rappeler que ces héros s’étaient soulevés contre les Français, au nom de leur roi et de la religion.