bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radical cations of chalcogenanthrenes with halogenido metalate anions. Part I: tetramethoxythianthrene
Authors: Schipmann Karen-Christina , Daniels Jörg , Beck Johannes 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The electron-rich molecule tetramethoxythianthrene TMO-TA can readily be oxidized to the radical cation using various transition metal halides in acetonitrile as solvent. Reactions with CuBr2, FeCl3, AuCl3, NbCl5, and CuCl2 yield dark blue or black crystals of [TMO-TA]2[CuBr4] (2), [TMO-TA][FeCl4] · CH3CN (3), [TMO-TA][AuCl4] (4), [TMO-TA][NbCl6] · CH3CN (6), and [TMO-TA]5[Cu2Cl6]2 · 2 CH3CN (7). [TMO-TA]2[Ta2OF10] (5) was obtained by anodic oxidation of TMO-TA in the presence of (Nbu4)2[Ta2OF10] as electrolyte. Using mercury(II) bromide, no redox reaction occurs. Instead, the colorless complex [HgBr2(TMO-TA)] (1) is formed. In the crystal structures of the compounds 2–7, the almost planar radical cations show different types of arrangements. Pair formation of the [TMO-TA]•+ radicals to [TMO-TA]2
2+ dimers with the typical intra-pair S⋯S bonds of 3.1–3.2 Å lengths is predominant. Compounds 6 and 7 contain stacks of planar TMO-TA molecules in equidistant arrangement without pair formation and the unique feature of rotation of each adjacent cation by about 30°. Compounds 2, 5, and 7 are electrical semiconductors with band gaps between 0.62 and 1.4 eV, reflecting the arrangement of the radical cations. While 5 is diamagnetic, the magnetic momenta of 2 and 7 correspond only to the expected paramagnetic momenta of magnetically dilute Cu2+ ions. Electrons on the organic radicals are strongly paired in all compounds.
A Review of the Validity and Reliability of Accelerometer-Based Metrics From Upper Back–Mounted GNSS Player Tracking Systems for Athlete Training Load Monitoring
Authors: Dawson Laura , Beato Marco , Devereux Gavin , McErlain-Naylor Stuart A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Dawson, L, Beato, M, Devereux, G, and McErlain-Naylor, SA. A review of the validity and reliability of accelerometer-based metrics from upper back–mounted GNSS player tracking systems for athlete training load monitoring. J Strength Cond Res 38(8): e459–e474, 2024—Athlete load monitoring using upper back–mounted global navigation satellite system (GNSS) player tracking is common within many team sports. However, accelerometer-based load monitoring may provide information that cannot be achieved with GNSS alone. This review focuses on the accelerometer-based metrics quantifying the accumulation of accelerations as an estimation of athlete training load, appraising the validity and reliability of accelerometer use in upper back–mounted GNSS player tracking systems, the accelerometer-based metrics, and their potential for application within athlete monitoring. Reliability of GNSS-housed accelerometers and accelerometer-based metrics are dependent on the equipment model, signal processing methods, and the activity being monitored. Furthermore, GNSS unit placement on the upper back may be suboptimal for accelerometer-based estimation of mechanical load. Because there are currently no feasible gold standard comparisons for field-based whole-body biomechanical load, the validity of accelerometer-based load metrics has largely been considered in relation to other measures of training load and exercise intensity. In terms of convergent validity, accelerometer-based metrics (e.g., PlayerLoad, Dynamic Stress Load, Body Load) have correlated, albeit with varying magnitudes and certainty, with measures of internal physiological load, exercise intensity, total distance, collisions and impacts, fatigue, and injury risk and incidence. Currently, comparisons of these metrics should not be made between athletes because of mass or technique differences or between manufacturers because of processing variations. Notable areas for further study include the associations between accelerometer-based metrics and other parts of biomechanical load-adaptation pathways of interest, such as internal biomechanical loads or methods of manipulating these metrics through effective training design.
Territorio-tierra: A community feminist perspective on land by Indigenous Xinka women from Guatemala
Authors: Sippel Charlotta Sophie , Sippel Sarah Ruth 
Published: July 2024

Interview with the human rights defenders Maudy Ucelo and Gilberta Jímenez. Both are part of the Xinka women’s association Asociación de Mujeres Indígenas Xinkas de Santa Maria Xalapán, Jalapa (AMISMAXAJ) from Guatemala, which works to defend and protect the “territorio-cuerpo-tierra.”
Interview conducted and edited by Charlotta Sophie Sippel and Sarah Ruth Sippel
Propuesta de clasificación de los católicos colombianos en los albores del siglo XXI
Authors: Beltrán William Mauricio , Larotta Silva Sonia Patricia , Cely Julián Ernesto 
Published: July 2024

Aunque en Colombia la identidad católica alberga una amplia diversidad de creencias, prácticas y posiciones morales, son escasas las investigaciones que han intentado describir esta diversidad con base en el análisis de datos empíricos. La presente investigación se propone hacer una contribución en este sentido. Persigue como objetivo aproximarse a la descripción de la diversidad del catolicismo colombiano con base en el análisis de los datos suministrados por una encuesta nacional de diversidad religiosa. Para este propósito se agrupa a los católicos en torno a dos grandes variables: 1) su participación en los ritos religiosos comunitarios (o institucionales); 2) la importancia subjetiva que le confieren a su religión. De este ejercicio surgen cuatro categorías o grupos de católicos: 1) los católicos des-eclesiados, 2) los católicos practicantes, 3) los católicos nominales y 4) los católicos ritualistas. La mayoría de los católicos colombianos se ubican en las dos primeras categorías que agrupan católicos que se caracterizan por otorgarle alta importancia subjetiva a la religión. Mientras que las dos categorías minoritarias (católicos nominales y ritualistas) están integradas por católicos que le otorgan poca o ninguna importancia. Por otro lado, dos de estas categorías (los practicantes y los ritualistas) aglutinan católicos que participan frecuentemente en lo ritos religiosos comunitarios; mientras que las otras dos (des-eclesiados y nominales) están integradas por católicos que han abandonado la participación en los ritos que administra la Iglesia católica. Las conclusiones enfatizan la capacidad heurística de esta clasificación, y muestran que ésta también permite observar la diversidad del catolicismo en aspectos como: el mantenimiento o abandono de las creencias tradicionales; las posiciones de los católicos en asuntos morales (relacionados con la sexualidad, el aborto y la familia); y las diversas opiniones de los católicos con respecto a la legitimidad de la autoridad de su Iglesia y de sus sacerdotes.
Unveiling Spiritual Guidance: Sheikh Muhammad Waly al-Khalidy’s Role in Naqshbandiyah Sufi Order in Aceh
Authors: Wirianto Dicky , Manan Abdul , Zubaidah Zubaidah , Suraiya Suraiya 
Published: July 2024

This article critically explains the concept and practice of the spiritual initiation (rābiṭah murshid) of the disciple and the role of Sheikh Muhammad Waly al-Khalidy in the Naqshbandiyah (Sufi) order in Aceh. Employing a qualitative method along with a hermeneutical approach the research found that the role of the guide is at the core of spiritual training and education. The spiritual connection between the student and the teacher is an intimate bond that allows the latter to guide the former in his efforts to become a perfect human being. The findings of this study differ from those of J. Spencer Trimingham, Julia Day Howell, and Mulyadhi Kartanegara who assumed that the authority of the spiritual guide is overemphasized and no longer necessary once the sālik reached his path. However, according to Muhammad Waly, a true sheikh has natural authority, and this authority is justified and does not intrude upon the Shari‘ah as it has been done during the reading of Naẓam of Obat Hati (Medicine of the Heart) containing the names of the murshids and khulafā’ of the Sufi order.
The Concept of Διαθήκη in Galatians 3:15–18
Authors: Kim Kyu Seop 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In this article, I explore the concept of διαθήκη in Gal 3:15–18 in terms of “bequest and its execution.” In this light, I argue that, in the context of a will, the verb κυρόω in 3:15 should be interpreted as referring to “execution” rather than “ratification,” contrary to previous interpretations. I also examine the fact that in antiquity a bequest was irrevocable after its execution or the transfer of ownership. In accordance with a Jewish tradition, Paul may be alluding to the irrevocability of the bequest in 3:15–18, taking into account that God has already granted (κɛχάρισται) an inheritance to Abraham (3:18b). Thus, Paul arguably envisaged that Abraham had already acquired a “bequeathed estate” (κληρονομία) from God (Gen 15), and so the Abrahamic covenant (διαθήκη) cannot be altered by adding stipulations (i.e., the law) because the διαθήκη has already come into effect (Gal 3:18b).
Miriam’s Dance as Embodied Prophecy (Exodus 15:20–21)
Authors: Portier-Young Anathea E. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The discursive labeling of Miriam as prophet constructs her drumming, dancing, and singing as prophetic acts; her actions simultaneously reshape the prophetic role as participatory, creative, and relational. A theoretical frame drawn from dance studies and the new materialist philosophy of Karen Barad supports the argument that the drumming, dancing, and singing of Miriam and the women of Israel in Exod 15:20–21 are a prophetic performance that gives shape and expression to the subjectivity and agency of God and people after the moment of transition between the victory at the Reed Sea and the journey to Sinai. The collaborative prophetic activity of drumming, dance, and song celebrates divine dynamism and responsiveness, enacts healing for a traumatized people, and entrains their bodies for life in covenant community.
Suddenly and Then Gradually: The Growth of the Septuagint and Its Canon
Authors: Gallagher Edmon L. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The Septuagint defies easy definition. Biblical scholars routinely use the term to designate the Greek Old Testament, though they recognize that such language is similar to talking about “the English Bible” or “the German Bible”: there is no such thing, or rather there are many such things. In this article, I urge closer attention to the way ancient people described the translation, particularly its scope. While modern scholars often seem (tacitly or not) to assume that the Septuagint began as the Greek Torah and then expanded its borders to welcome new Jewish scriptural books as they continued to be translated into Greek, ancient authors did not depict the Septuagint in this way. All ancient Jewish sources that mention the translation restricted the Septuagint to the Pentateuch, whereas most patristic sources attributed a Greek version of the entire Hebrew Bible to the Seventy translators. The most significant moment in the “growth of the Septuagint” was when it suddenly swelled from five books to perhaps a couple dozen or more. These ancient ideas on the extent of the Septuagint have implications for our notions of the Septuagint canon and for the use of this Greek version in the New Testament.
With Whom Is Peter Eating in Antioch? Reading τὰ ἔθνη in Galatians 2:12 as Including Nonbelieving Gentiles
Authors: Bühner Ruben A. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In his Letter to the Galatians, Paul says that Peter ate with τὰ ἔθνη in Antioch (2:12). In this context, the majority of commentators read the phrase τὰ ἔθνη as a reference to gentiles who believe in Christ, departing from its predominant usage in Paul’s writings. However, this widespread and consequential assumption that Peter ate only with Christ-believing gentiles is not compelling. In fact, such an understanding is mainly based on prior scholarship that assumed that Jews, even in the diaspora, lived in isolated contexts and could not have eaten with non-Jews. In contrast, I argue that there are neither linguistic nor contextual reasons in Gal 2 for limiting the people with whom Peter eats to Christ-believing gentiles. Instead, historical studies suggest that the expression τὰ ἔθνη refers to Peter eating with different kinds of gentiles, which also includes non-Christ-believing gentiles at everyday occasions such as private dinner gatherings. This changes our understanding of the context of Peter’s commensality as well as Peter’s position itself.
“The Career Does Not Love You Back”: Impacts of Contingent Employment on Workers, Cultural Heritage Institutions, and the Archival Profession
Authors: Bredbenner Stephanie , Fulmer Alison , Oliveira-Abbey Rose , Rinn Meghan R. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
This article reports the findings of the 2021 New England Archivists Contingent Employment Study, which comprised a survey with eighty-three valid responses, fifteen interviews, and analysis of 250 job postings. The study found that although contingent employment often provides useful professional experience and mentorship, it can negatively impact archival workers due to low pay, inadequate benefits, and short term lengths. Additionally, many experience low morale and isolation due to their contingent status, and the inherent instability of contingent employment causes some to feel that they have little control over their careers and personal lives. Cross-tabulation analysis revealed that new professionals have more contingent positions than their mid-career and late-career counterparts, suggesting that contingent jobs and the challenges of protracted contingent employment have become more prominent over time. Participants were concerned that relying on contingent employment negatively affected their employers, particularly in terms of morale, high rates of staff turnover, institutional memory, and unstable funding. The study also documented perceived effects on the broader archival field, including causing burnout and attrition of archival workers; hampering efforts to recruit and retain a diverse profession; devaluing archival education and labor; perpetuating the reliance on unsustainable funding models; and preventing the development of robust, innovative, and inclusive professional communities. Using the study data and other research in the professional literature, the authors argue that there is an urgent need to address the issues raised in the study by improving working conditions for contingent workers and broadly reassessing the profession's relationship with contingent labor.
Excavating Myth and Memory in Congressional Papers
Authors: Bond Natalie 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Congressional papers constitute some of the most unique archival collections to find their way into American repositories. Often voluminous, complex, and appended by donor stipulations and financial considerations, they have been the subject of decades’ worth of archival conferences, scholarship, legislation, and practical manuals. These discussions have long upheld the belief that congressional papers retain inherent research and historic value, largely due to their documentation of legislative processes and topical subject areas. This article interrogates the origins of that presumptive value, positing that archivists have customarily drawn on traditional narratives of American identity and democratic governance to justify and inform the acquisition, appraisal, processing, and deployment of congressional collections. The article first reviews the robust history of the congressional papers community, surveying the evolution of rhetoric around archivists’ assignation of inherent value to congressional papers and critically examining the ways in which that value is shaped by American practices of myth-making. Drawing from memory studies and concepts of the mythic imagination, the article then problematizes the passivity of American democracy in congressional archival praxis, taking into account burgeoning national reckonings and re-reckonings with the nature of American government itself. Implicating archival praxis in the perpetuation of narratives that do not reflect or represent the current state of the nation, the article then suggests modes of alternative intervention for archivists working with congressional papers, calling for a critically contextual reimagining of the field.
Forms, Formations, and Reforms
Authors: Olson David Amel 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Oral history release forms are critical for documenting narrator intentions around access to and use of interviews, a key component of ethically managing this document type. Unfortunately, repositories are full of interviews with missing or problematic releases. To explain this phenomenon, the author reviews historical archival and oral history literature to trace the development of release form conventions and the historical trends in practice that explain the current state of documentation in archives. Important trends in this trajectory include professionalization of oral history, decades of inconsistent application of best practices, siloed discourses of archivists and oral historians, institutional review boards, and changing access expectations in the age of the Internet. The author also assesses current positive professional trends to prevent future release form problems and analyzes release form scenarios that may remain stubbornly at the discretion of archivists’ professional judgment or values.
Panduan Konseling Kelompok Teknik Self-Instruction untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri dan Sikap Asertif Santri Korban Bullying
Authors: Athifah Nurul , Muslihati Muslihati , Rahman Diniy Hidayatur 
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This development study aims to produce a collective self-education guide for counselors that is both interesting and easy to understand. Group counseling guidelines are used according to the evolution of Borg and Gall. The steps involved in developmental research up to the seventh level are as per requirements and are in the product review phase after materials expert testing, media expert testing, and product user candidate (consultant) testing at Izzat Batu Secondary School. school. Research and development results show that a group counseling guide to self-educational techniques scores from guidance and counseling experts with an agreement model among raters showing very high standards of 1 from media experts as 1 and from potential users (advisers) as 1. Based on the assessment of experts that the counseling guide for self instruction is very feasible to use.
Abstrak: Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sebuah produk panduan konseling kelompok teknik self-instruction untuk konselor yang menarik dan mudah dipahami. Panduan konseling kelompok tersebut digunakan sesuai dengan pengembangan Borg and Gall. Langkah-langkah yang digunakan dalam penelitian pengembangan sampai pada tahap ke tujuh sesuai dengan kebutuhan yaitu pada tahap revisi produk setelah dilakukan uji ahli materi, uji ahli media, dan uji calon pengguna produk (konselor) di SMP Al-Izzah Batu. Analisis data menggunakan inter-rater agreement. Hasil penilaian uji ahli dan pengguna secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa indeks validasi yang sangat tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa panduan konseling kelompok teknik self-instruction ini sangat tepat, berguna, mudah dan menarik untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri dan sikap asertif santri korban bullying
Internalisasi Nilai-nilai Retret untuk Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas XI SMA Katolik Frateran Malang
Authors: Topo Lambertus , Setiyowati Arbin Janu , Eva Nur , Hutasuhut Ida Yuliana 
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Today's students' learning motivation tends to decline due to lack of attention to life values as the basis of human development in the educational process. This research aims to reveal three important things, namely; student learning motivation, students' hopes for retreat activities to increase their learning motivation, and the process of internalizing retreat values, namely honesty and humility towards student learning motivation. The design of this research is qualitative phenomenology. The main subjects of the research were class XI students at SMAK Frateran Malang who were drawn using purposive sampling. Data analysis techniques were carried out using domain analysis techniques, taxonomic analysis techniques, and theme analysis techniques. The research results show that students' learning motivation is greatly influenced by the economic and educational background of parents, the way and style of parental support at home, as well as the learning approach patterns used by teachers in the classroom. Students' hopes for retreats to increase learning motivation apparently return to the students themselves because the retreat mentoring pattern really uses retreat companions as facilitators. The approach in a retreat is different from the approach in the learning process in class. The retreat companion is a facilitator figure, the teacher in the class is an authority figure who oversees joint learning achievements.
Abstrak: Motivasi belajar siswa dewasa ini cenderung merosot karena kurang diperhatikannya nilai-nilai kehidupan sebagai dasar pembangunan manusia dalam proses pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap tiga hal penting, yakni; motivasi belajar siswa, harapan siswa pada kegiatan retret untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar mereka, dan bagaimana proses internalisasi nilai-nilai retret, yakni kejujuran dan kerendahan hati terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Desain penelitian ini adalah kualitatif fenomenologi. Subyek utama penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI SMAK Frateran Malang yang ditarik secara purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis domain, teknik analisis taksonomi, dan teknik analisis tema. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi belajar siswa sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor latar belakang ekonomi dan pendidikan orangtua, cara dan gaya pendampingan orangtua di rumah, serta pola pendekatan pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh para guru di dalam kelas. Harapan siswa terhadap retret untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar ternyata kembali kepada para siswa itu sendiri karena pola pendampingan retret yang sangat memfungsikan pendamping retret sebagai fasilitator. Pendekatan dalam retret berbeda dengan pendekatan dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas. Pendamping retret adalah sosok fasilitator, guru di kelas adalah sosok otoritas yang mengawasi capaian pembelajaran bersama.
Comparative analysis of the effect of two behaviour modification techniques on children of 4-7 years as chosen by parents and pedodontists
Authors: Dutta Sharbari , Mohapatra Abinash , Dutta Brahmananda , Bagchi Anandamoy 
Published: July 2024

Pediatric dentistry involves not only a high level of technical expertise, but also a positive psychological environment for every child to improve the overall dental experience for the young ones. : The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two psychological behaviour modification techniques (BMT) in managing the behaviour and dental anxiety levels in a child. : A total of 200 children of 4-7 years of age who were to undergo pulpectomy was randomly divided into 2 groups to be managed by two BMTs selected by a poll among Pedodontists which was Parental presence and through a survey done among parents of the children included in the study which was Positive Reinforcement. Frankl's Behaviour rating and child anxiety levels were evaluated. : Both the techniques were found to be similar in effectiveness in handling anxious children though Parental presence lowered anxiety among children much more than Positive Reinforcement especially on first visits.: Both the modification techniques if used together, can increase the effectiveness in handling pediatric patients in a dental operatory.