bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-sectional analysis of pharmaceutical industry payments to authors of clinical practice guidelines for bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder in Japan
Authors: Murayama Anju , Kugo Hinari , Senoo Yuki 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveClinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are essential for standardising patient care based on evidence-based medicine. However, the presence of financial conflicts of interest (COIs) among CPG authors can undermine their credibility. This study aimed to examine the extent and size of COIs among authors of psychiatry CPGs in Japan.MethodsThis cross-sectional analysis of disclosed payments from pharmaceutical companies assesses the prevalence and magnitude of personal payments for lecturing, consulting and writing to CPGs for bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder in Japan between 2016 and 2020.ResultsThis study found that 93.3% of authors received payments over a 5-year period, with total payments exceeding US$4 million. The median payment per author was US$51 403 (IQR: US$9982–US$111 567), with a notable concentration of payments among a small number of authors, including the CPG chairperson. Despite these extensive financial relationships, only a fraction of authors disclosed their COIs in the CPGs. These large amounts of personal payments were made by pharmaceutical companies manufacturing new antidepressants and sleeping aids listed in the CPGs.ConclusionsThis study found that more than 93% of authors of CPGs for major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder in Japan received considerable amounts of personal payments from the pharmaceutical industry. The findings highlight deviations from international COI management standards and suggest a need for more stringent COI policies for psychiatry CPGs in Japan.
Understanding the dynamics of TKI-induced changes in the tumor immune microenvironment for improved therapeutic effect
Authors: Lu Conghua , Gao Ziyuan , Wu Di , Zheng Jie , Hu Chen , Huang Daijuan , He Chao , Liu Yihui , Lin Caiyu , Peng Tao , Dou Yuanyao , Zhang Yimin , Sun Fenfen , Jiang Weiling , Yin Guoqing , Han Rui , He Yong 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe dynamic interplay between tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the therapeutic trajectory of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Understanding the functional dynamics and resistance mechanisms of TKIs is essential for advancing the treatment of NSCLC.MethodsThis study assessed the effects of short-term and long-term TKI treatments on the TME in NSCLC, particularly targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutations. We analyzed changes in immune cell composition, cytokine profiles, and key proteins involved in immune evasion, such as laminin subunit γ−2 (LAMC2). We also explored the use of aspirin as an adjunct therapy to modulate the TME and counteract TKI resistance.ResultsShort-term TKI treatment enhanced T cell-mediated tumor clearance, reduced immunosuppressive M2 macrophage infiltration, and downregulated LAMC2 expression. Conversely, long-term TKI treatment fostered an immunosuppressive TME, contributing to drug resistance and promoting immune escape. Differential responses were observed among various oncogenic mutations, with ALK-targeted therapies eliciting a stronger antitumor immune response compared with EGFR-targeted therapies. Notably, we found that aspirin has potential in overcoming TKI resistance by modulating the TME and enhancing T cell-mediated tumor clearance.ConclusionsThese findings offer new insights into the dynamics of TKI-induced changes in the TME, improving our understanding of NSCLC challenges. The study underscores the critical role of the TME in TKI resistance and suggests that adjunct therapies, like aspirin, may provide new strategies to enhance TKI efficacy and overcome resistance.
Many-body dissipative particle dynamics with the MARTINI “Lego” approach
Authors: Carnevale Luís H. , Theodorakis Panagiotis E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMARTINI is a popular coarse-grained (CG) force-field that is used in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. It is based on the “Lego” approach where nonbonded interactions between CG beads representing chemical units of different polarity are obtained through water–octanol partition coefficients. This enables the simulation of a wide range of molecules by only using a finite number of parametrized CG beads, similar to the Lego game, where a finite number of brick types is used to create larger structures. Moreover, the MARTINI force-field is based on the Lennard–Jones potential with the shortest possible cutoff including attractions, thus rendering it very efficient for MD simulations. However, MD simulation is in general a computationally expensive method. Here, we demonstrate that using the MARTINI “Lego” approach is suitable for many-body dissipative particle (MDPD) dynamics, a method that can simulate multi-component and multi-phase soft matter systems in a much faster time than MD. In this study, a DPPC lipid bilayer is chosen to provide evidence for the validity of this approach and various properties are compared to highlight the potential of the method, which can be further extended by introducing new CG bead types.
Blocking M2-Like Macrophage Polarization Using Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotide-Based Gene Therapy Prevents Immune Evasion for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment
Authors: Chen Chang-Jung , Wang Hao-Chen , Hou Ya-Chin , Wu Yi-Ying , Shieh Chi-Chang , Shan Yan-Shen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
M2-like macrophages exhibit immunosuppressive activity and promote pancreatic cancer progression. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) affect macrophage polarization; however, the mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying molecular basis and design a gene therapy to inhibit M2-like polarization. Microarray analysis and immunofluorescence staining were performed in M1-like and M2-like macrophages to ascertain the expression of CYBB, a major intracellular ROS source. Coculture assay and syngeneic orthotopic pancreatic cancer mice models were used to study the mechanism of M2-like skewing. Decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) were designed to manipulate CYBB transcription to inhibit M2-like polarization and control tumor growth. Lipopolysaccharide treatment polarized U937 cells to M1-like macrophages in which CYBB expression was increased. In contrast, coculture with PANC-1 cells induced M2-like polarization in U937 cells with CYBB downregulation. High CD204 M2-like expression in combination with low CYBB expression was associated with the worst prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. STAT6 and HDAC2 in U937 cells were activated by cancer cell–derived IL4 after coculture and then bound to the CYBB promoter to repress CYBB expression, resulting in M2-like polarization. Diphenyleneiodonium, 8λ³-iodatricyclo[7.4.0.02,⁷]trideca-1(13),2,4,6,9,11-hexaen-8-ylium chloride that inhibits ROS production could block this action. Knockdown of STAT6 and HDAC2 also inhibited M2-like polarization and maintained the M1-like phenotype of U937 cells after coculture. Decoy ODNs interrupting the binding of STAT6 to the CYBB promoter counteracted M2-like polarization and tumor growth and triggered antitumor immunity in vivo. Gene therapy using STAT6-CYBB decoy ODNs can inhibit M2-like polarization, representing a potential therapeutic tool for pancreatic cancer.
Experimental Evidence of the Impact of Re-Enrollment Campaigns on Long-Term Academic Outcomes
Authors: Ortagus Justin C. , Allchin Hope , Skinner Benjamin , Tanner Melvin , McFarlin Isaac 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Most students who begin at a community college do not complete their desired credential. Many students fail to graduate due to various barriers other than their academic performance. To encourage previously successful non-completers to re-enroll and eventually graduate, a growing number of community colleges have implemented re-enrollment campaigns focused on former students who have already made substantial progress toward graduation. In this study, we randomly assigned over 27,000 former community college students to a control group, “information-only” treatment group, or “information and one-course waiver” treatment group to examine whether re-enrollment campaigns can improve their likelihood of long-term persistence and credential completion. Although we showed in earlier work that the “information and one-course waiver” treatment had a positive impact on former students’ likelihood of re-enrollment, our findings reveal the re-enrollment intervention has no effect on students’ likelihood of long-term persistence or credential completion for the pooled sample or any subgroup of interest, including low-income students, racially minoritized students, or adult students. Simply put, this particular re-enrollment intervention including one-time, one-course tuition waivers increased former students’ likelihood of re-enrollment but was not an effective lever to increase long-term academic outcomes among previously successful community college students who departed without earning a credential.
Attitudes toward psychedelics and psychedelic-assisted therapy among potential mental health service users and the general population in Australia
Authors: Nadeem Zohaib , Parker Stephen , McGovern Hugh , Oestreich Lena KL 
Published: June 2024

Objective: Despite rapid advances in psychedelic sciences and the increasing number of countries legalizing psychedelics for the treatment of mental illnesses, the attitudes, knowledge and readiness of both mental health consumers and the general population remain largely unknown. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Australians, targeting individuals with mental illness as potential mental health service users. A sub-sample of individuals free of mental illness was also surveyed to assess attitudes in the general population. Participants completed the Attitudes on Psychedelics Questionnaire, the Basic Knowledge of Psychedelics Test and a questionnaire by Corrigan et al. to capture attitudes toward psychedelic therapy by mental health service users. Results: Of the 502 respondents, 64.5% self-identified as having a mental illness. A significant proportion favored legalizing psychedelics for medical use (43%) and were open to their use (52.4%), yet fewer viewed their effects positively (24%) or considered them safe (33%). Most participants reported to be psychedelic naive (61%). Participants with mental illness had significantly more experience with psychedelics than participant free of mental illness (44.1% vs 29.7%). Experience, perceived knowledge and actual knowledge significantly predicted attitudes toward legalization, effects, risks and openness to psychedelics. Conclusions: While a large proportion of Australians are in favor of legalizing psychedelics for medical purposes, concerns about safety remain. People with self-identified mental illness, those with previous recreational psychedelic experience and those with greater knowledge of psychedelics were more likely to have positive attitudes toward psychedelics and psychedelic-assisted therapy.
COVID-19 and mental health treatment in primary care: Impact of a global pandemic on a psychopharmacological collaborative care management program
Authors: Zuschlag Zachary D , Lord Benjamin , Smith Teagan , Lengerich Alexander , Leonard Kaitlin , Guereca Yvette , Kumar Ambuj , Milsom Vanessa A 
Published: June 2024

Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on individuals with mental health (MH) disorders and on the delivery of MH services. Few studies have examined treatment models not requiring substantial changes to the delivery of services during pandemic restrictions, such as collaborative care management (CoCM) programs. Therefore, a longitudinal retrospective cohort analysis was conducted to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a psychopharmacological CoCM program. Method Data were collected on all U.S. Veterans enrolled in a CoCM program at a large VA during the first 10 months of the COVID-19 pandemic and compared to a matched control group one-year prior to that date. Treatment in the program pre-COVID vs. treatment during the pandemic was compared in relation to baseline symptomatology, improvements in MH symptoms, and program adherence. Results A total of 462 Veterans were referred during the control period, compared to 351 during the same time period during the pandemic. Veterans enrolled during the first four months of each study arm, to allow for a minimum of 6 months of follow up data, had no differences in baseline symptoms of depression or anxiety between groups. Veterans receiving care during the pandemic had higher rates of program completion than pre-pandemic controls. COVID-era Veterans also had higher rates of depression response compared to controls, but no differences were observed between groups on depression remission, anxiety response, or anxiety remission. Conclusions Psychopharmacological CoCM treatment models can successfully manage depression and anxiety with no observed decrease in the effectiveness of this intervention even during periods of unprecedented disruptions to MH services.
Misaligned Supports: Differences in Reported Health Care Worker Well-being Supports Provided and Needed During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Qureshi Nabeel , Huilgol Shreya S. , Timmins George , Meredith Lisa S. , Gidengil Courtney A. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose To describe the well-being supports provided to health care workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic in health centers and hospitals. Design Cross-sectional qualitative interviews before and after implementation of a peer-based support intervention. Setting Purposively sampled hospitals and health centers across the US. Participants 28 site leaders and 56 HCWs sampled from 16 hospitals and 12 health centers. Method Site leaders and HCWs were asked to describe supports available to HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thematic and content coding and analysis of interview responses were conducted using Dedoose. Results Both site leaders and HCWs identified a range of support resources available. Communication resources were the most frequently cited in both groups. Health care workers reported bi-directional communication, while one-way communication was emphasized by site leaders. Hospitals highlighted counseling support, particularly Employee Assistance Programs (EAP), while health centers prioritized community support. Wellness activities were more prevalent in hospital settings, while health centers offered specific workplace-provided training for HCWs. Health care workers encountered barriers when accessing support, including limited time, fear of stigma, and disruptions to their existing support networks attributable to the pandemic. Conclusion While there are resources for HCWs, the available supports may not align with their needs and barriers to access may limit the effectiveness of these supports. Continued engagement between leaders and HCWs could help better align resources with needs.
Is Prophylactic Radiotherapy to the Lymphatic Drainage Area Necessary for Patients With Stage III Ovarian Cancer After Chemotherapy Following Surgery?
Authors: Shen Jing , Tao Yinjie , Zhou Jingya , Guan Hui , Zhen Hongnan , Yan Junfang , Hou Xiaorong , Liu Zhikai , Hu Ke , Zhang Fuquan 
Published: June 2024

Background For patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer, there are limited studies on the effects of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). Here we assessed the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of postoperative radiotherapy to the abdominal and pelvic lymphatic drainage area for stage III epithelial ovarian cancer patients, who had all received surgery and chemotherapy (CT). Methods We retrospectively collected patients with stage III epithelial ovarian cancer after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and full-course adjuvant CT. The chemoradiotherapy (CRT) group patients were treated with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) to the abdominal and pelvic lymphatic drainage area in our hospital between 2010 and 2020. A propensity score matching analysis was conducted to compare the results between the CRT and CT groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and local control (LC) rates. The log-rank test determined the significance of prognostic factors. Results A total of 132 patients with median follow-up of 73.9 months (9.1-137.7 months) were included (44 and 88 for the CRT and RT groups, retrospectively). The baseline characteristics of age, histology, level of CA12-5, surgical staging, residual tumour, courses of adjuvant CT, and courses to reduce CA12-5 to normal were all balanced. The median DFS time, 5-year OS, and local recurrence free survival (LRFS) were 100.0 months vs 25.9 months ( P = .020), 69.2% vs 49.9% ( P = .002), and 85.9% vs 50.5% ( P = .020), respectively. The CRT group mainly presented with acute haematological toxicities, with no statistically significant difference compared with grade III intestinal adverse effects (3/44 vs 6/88, P = .480). Conclusion This report demonstrates that long-term DFS could be achieved in stage III epithelial ovarian cancer patients treated with IMRT preventive radiation to the abdominal and pelvic lymphatic area. Compared with the CT group, DFS and OS were significantly prolonged and adverse effects were acceptable.
Silent Case of Pediatric Osteoarticular Tuberculosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Alshrouf Mohammad Ali , Elifranji Zuhdi O , Halayqeh Sereen , Al-Saber Munther , Karam Abdulrahman M 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases globally, often presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can obscure diagnosis, especially when it manifests in uncommon sites such as osteoarticular tuberculosis (OA-TB). Case presentation: We report a rare case of a 9-year-old male diagnosed with right knee tuberculosis after enduring severe symptoms for several months. Despite multiple negative biopsies and aspirates during initial debridement surgeries, a biopsy taken 6 months later confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). The patient was subsequently treated with debridement and anti-tubercular therapy. Conclusion: This case underscores the critical need to consider tuberculosis in patients presenting with chronic bone pain to avoid misdiagnosis, particularly in the developing world. The atypical presentation of osteoarticular tuberculosis in this young patient emphasizes the need for healthcare professionals to recognize subtle symptoms. Advanced imaging studies like MRI and microbiological evaluations, including site biopsies, are essential for accurate diagnosis. Increased awareness and collaborative research are crucial to improving the understanding and management of pediatric osteoarticular tuberculosis and extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Identifying Factors Affecting the Survival of Patients with HIV-Associated B-Cell Lymphoma Using a Random Survival Forest Model
Authors: Zhao Huihui , Zhu Chuandong , Lian Yun , Cheng Yu , Zhu Fang , Wang Jing , Zheng Qin 
Published: June 2024

Background: There have been no reports about the application of random survival forest (RSF) model to predict disease progression of HIV-associated B-cell lymphoma. Methods: A total of 44 patients with HIV-associated B-cell lymphoma who were referred to Nanjing Second Hospital from 2012 to 2019 were included. The RSF model was used to find predictors of survival, and the results of the RSF model were compared with those of the Cox model. The data were analyzed using R software (version 4.1.1). Results: One-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 74.5%, 57.7%, and 48.6%, respectively, and the median survival was 59.0 months. The first 3 most important predictors of survival included lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), absolute monocyte count (AMC), and white blood cells (WBCs) count. The median survival of high-risk patients was only 4.0 months. Areas under the curve (AUCs) of the RSF model remained at more than 0.90 at 1, 2, and 3 years. The RSF model displayed a lower prediction error rate (21.9%) than the Cox model (25.4%). Conclusions: Lactate dehydrogenase, AMC, and WBCs count are the most important prognostic predictors for patients with HIV-associated B-cell lymphoma. Much larger prospective and/or multicentre studies are required to validtae this RSF model.
Phonological development of Spanish–Valencian bilingual children
Authors: Fuenzalida-Muñoz Claudio 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the phonological development of bilingual children in Spanish and Valencian to provide additional cross-linguistic evidence concerning the specificities of bilingual phonological acquisition compared with that of monolingual children. The comparison between Valencian/Spanish-bilingual and Spanish-monolingual children will focus on the production of codas and phonological processes. Methodology: Ten typically developing Valencian/Spanish bilingual and 10 typically developing Spanish-monolingual children aged between 2;9 and 5;6 (mean of 4;1) were assessed through a confrontation naming task. Data and Analysis: The subjects were classified according to being monolingual or bilingual and to the language in which the task was performed. The data analysis consisted of comparing between-groups and within-groups all the variables considered for this study through means and percentage correct. Findings: The major findings indicated a complex interrelation between language of input and monolingualism/bilingualism. Despite common trends in the development observed across groups, the bilingual children differed from the Spanish monolinguals in significant areas such as codas and phonological processes. There were also differences within the same bilingual sample between language performance in Valencian and Spanish. Implications: These results suggest that the frequency of distribution of certain phonological features in the input language will lead to a specific pattern of acquisition that is not standard across languages. Bilinguals appear to acquire two phonological systems that differ from monolingual children’s, suggesting that learning more than one language gives rise to an interaction between the two phonologies. Originality: The current study designed a very sophisticated confrontation naming task whose stimuli could be the initial draft of a phonological assessment. It also collected and analysed speech samples that constitute a valuable database for future research. Finally, it provides important additional evidence concerning bilingual acquisition, a topic that is crucial to a better understanding of the processes involved in language acquisition.