bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of chitosan polyethylene glycol antibody complex for delivery of Imatinib in lung cancer cell lines
Authors: Kamali Mehrdad , Jafari Hanieh , Taati Fatemeh , Mohammadnejad Javad , Daemi Amin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLung cancer is known as the most common cancer. Although the Ramucirumab antibody is a second‐line treatment for lung cancer, the high interstitial fluid pressure limits the antibody's performance. In this way, Imatinib is a chemotherapeutic drug to reduce the interstitial fluid pressure. Up to now, unfortunately, both Ramucirumab and imatinib have not been reported in one nanosystem for cancer therapy. To fulfill this shortcoming, this paper aims to design a chitosan nanocarrier that loads imatinib and attaches to Ramucirumab for selective bonding to A549. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a polymeric nanosystem for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. In first, the chitosan polyethylene glycol nanoparticle is synthesized, loaded with imatinib, and then targeted using Ramucirumab. Afterwards, the CS‐PEG‐Ab‐Im by FTIR, TEM, DLS, zeta potential, and TGA techniques are characterized. The size of CS‐PEG‐Ab‐Im was 25–30 nm, its surface charge was 13.1 mV, and the shape of CS‐PEG‐Ab‐Im was nearly spherical and cylindrical. The therapeutic potential of CS‐PEG‐Ab‐Im was assessed using the A549 cell line. According to the obtained results, the cell viability was 48% after 48 h of treatment of A549 cells using the IC50 concentration of CS‐PEG‐Ab‐Im (100 nanomolar). Moreover, the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest percentages were increased by 3 and 6 times, respectively, as compared to free imatinib. Furthermore, the release rate of imatinib from CS‐PEG‐Ab‐Im in an acidic medium was 17% during 1 h, indicating five times the imatinib release in the natural medium. Eventually, the result of flow cytometry indicates the more apoptotic effect of nanosystem to free imatinib and CS‐PEG‐Ab. Besides, cell arresting result exhibits the CS‐PEG‐Ab‐Im and causes cell arrested at G1 by %8.17. Thus, it can be concluded that CS‐PEG‐Ab‐Im can be an ideal nanosystem in NSCLC treatment.
Small but mighty: Case report and practical guidance for peripheral blood stem cell collection in small infants
Authors: Walker Hannah , O'Reilly Erin , Millard Zoe , Cusack Brendan , Duncan Anna , Clucas Luisa , Fleming Jacqueline , Hughes David , Greenway Anthea , Metz David 
Published: July 2024

AbstractModern apheresis devices, with increased procedural precision, automation, and monitoring, have been shown to allow for safe delivery of apheresis therapies in young children. Medical advances are increasing demand for apheresis procedures like mononuclear cell collection in infants <10 kg, including stem‐cell supported chemotherapy, cell collection for chimeric antigen receptor T cell development, and now ex vivo gene therapies for rare genetic diseases. Nevertheless, safe delivery in small infants involves a range of unique considerations and challenges, beyond just size, and experience will vary between centers. In this case report we describe our experience performing mononuclear cell collection in our smallest patient to date and outline a practice guideline developed following a literature review and discussion with both international experts and device representatives. This case may help to inform other clinicians aiming to provide apheresis care to very small infants in their own centers.
Unraveling the power of leisure crafting for unengaged employees: Implications for creativity and meaning at work
Authors: Petrou Paraskevas , Hamrick Alexander B. , Abdel Hadi Sascha 
Published: July 2024

SummaryDrawing on enrichment theory and the identity‐based integrative crafting model, the present paper explores the impact of leisure crafting on creativity and meaning at work using both the compensation and the spillover perspectives. We hypothesized that leisure crafting relates to employee creativity, particularly when employees experience low work engagement; and that leisure crafting predicts meaning at work via employee creativity, particularly for employees with low work engagement. We also expected that cognitive developmental and affective leisure‐to‐work enrichment acts as the mediator in the link between leisure crafting and creativity. Study 1, a three‐wave survey study with 1‐week time intervals among 191 employees confirmed that the indirect effect of leisure crafting on meaning at work via creativity is stronger among employees reporting low work engagement. Study 2, a follow‐up study of a similar design among 421 employees revealed that leisure crafting leads to creativity via cognitive developmental resources and that leisure crafting leads to creativity via affective resources for employees who report low levels of work engagement. Our findings highlight that leisure crafting possesses the inherent capacity to enhance meaning at work through employee creativity (spillover), especially for those employees who experience a lack of fulfillment at work (compensation). We also refine work‐life enrichment theories by uncovering that leisure crafting may enrich work via different pathways for different employees.
Impact of increasing urbanization on heatwaves in Indian cities
Authors: Boyaj Alugula , Karrevula N. R. , Sinha Palash , Patel Pratiman , Mohanty U. C. , Niyogi Dev 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUrbanization alters local climates and exacerbates urban heat islands. Understanding and addressing the impacts of urbanization on regional high impact weather systems is critical. This study examines the feedback loop between urbanization and heatwaves (HWs) in inland and coastal Indian cities of Hyderabad and Bhubaneswar which have been profoundly affected by urbanization and temperature extremes. Observational analysis reveals that during the pre‐monsoon season, daytime and nighttime air temperature anomalies, and the frequency of 90th percentile days, have increased by ~0.35°C and ~3 days for Hyderabad, and by ~0.2°C, and ~6 days for Bhubaneswar in the last two decades (2001–2020) relative to the previous decades (1981–2000). Analysis of land‐use land‐cover (LULC) datasets shows a dramatic urban expansion by ~13 and ~11 times in Hyderabad and Bhubaneswar, respectively, between 1993 and 2019. Numerical experiments with the Weather Research and Forecasting model were undertaken considering hectometer spatial resolution (~500 m) and a lower boundary conditions representing the 1993 and 2019 LULC. The impact of urbanization on temperature changes and HWs in particular were analyzed. The HW simulations indicate that urbanization significantly enhances air and surface temperatures by ~4–6°C, particularly during nighttime rather than daytime. Urbanization effects are discerned in surface temperatures at night by 1–2°C relative to air temperatures. Unlike nighttime, urbanization showed a negative or little influence on air and surface temperatures during the daytime. In contrast to surface and air temperatures, increased urbanization runs indicated enhanced regional soil temperature by ~5°C more during the daytime than at nighttime. The rise in nighttime air and surface temperatures is due to an increase in surface sensible heat fluxes by ~40–50 W/m2 in urban areas. The influence of urbanization on nighttime temperatures emphasizes the necessity for cool housing and engineering recommendations in urbanized regions of India.
Comparing the Saccule‐to‐Utricle Ratio in Early‐ Versus Late‐Stage Meniere's Disease Patients
Authors: Deng Wenting , Wu Haoyang , Chen Yi , Xiong Hao , Ou Yongkang 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo compare the saccule‐to‐utricle ratio in early‐ versus late‐stage Meniere's disease (MD) patients based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we performed 3‐dimensional real inversion recovery (3D‐real IR) MRI 24 h after intratympanic gadolinium administration in unilateral MD patients at early‐stage (n = 56) and late‐stage (n = 70). Two radiologists independently graded endolymphatic hydrops (EH) and the saccule‐to‐utricle ratio inversion (SURI) was compared between the two groups. Furthermore, early‐stage MD patients were further divided into two subgroups based on disease duration: ≤6 months (n = 20) and >6 months (n = 36) and the SURI was compared.ResultsAmong the 56 patients in the early‐stage group, 26 cases (46.43%) exhibited an enlarged saccule that is larger than the utricle, showing SURI. In contrast, among the late‐stage MD, only four cases (5.71%) showed SURI (p < 0.001). In the early‐stage MD subgroup with a disease duration of ≤6 months, the proportion of SURI was 70% (14/20), which was higher than that in the subgroup with a disease duration of >6 months (33.33%, 12/36, p = 0.02).ConclusionSURI may serve as an effective imaging marker for diagnosis of early‐stage MD. Our finding suggests that endolymphatic hydrops in MD may primarily originate from the saccule.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:5116–5121, 2024
Supersulfide formation in the sinus mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Suzuki Jun , Hemmi Tomotaka , Ida Tomoaki , Ogata Seiryo , Yoshitake Jun , Matsunaga Tetsuro , Ishida Tomoyasu , Numano Yuki , Kusano Yusuke , Ikeda Ryoukichi , Nomura Kazuhiro , Sugawara Mitsuru , Ohta Nobuo , Akaike Takaaki , Katori Yukio 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesDisruption of the oxidative stress defense system is involved in developing various diseases. Sulfur compounds such as glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (CysSH) are representative antioxidants in the body. Recently, supersulfides, including reactive persulfide and polysulfide species, have gained attention as potent antioxidants regulating oxidative stress and redox signaling. However, their involvement in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains unclear.MethodsTo clarify the changes in sulfur compounds within the sinus mucosa of each CRS subtype, we measured sulfur compound levels in the sinus mucosa of control individuals (n = 9), patients with eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) (n = 13), and those with non‐ECRS (nECRS) (n = 11) who underwent sinus surgery using mass spectrometry.ResultsGSH and CysSH levels were significantly reduced, and the glutathione disulfide (GSSG)/GSH ratio, an oxidative stress indicator, was increased in patients with ECRS. Despite the absence of notable variations in supersulfides, patients with ECRS and nECRS exhibited a significant reduction in glutathione trisulfide (GSSSG), which serves as the precursor for supersulfides.ConclusionsThis study is the first quantitative assessment of supersulfides in normal and inflamed sinus mucosa, suggesting that sulfur compounds contribute to the pathogenesis of CRS.Level of EvidenceN/A.
Association of prior military service with olfactory function among older adults
Authors: Chiu Richard G. , Suleiman Khamis , Nyenhuis Sharmilee M. , Eldeirawi Kamal , Lee Victoria S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveOlfactory dysfunction (OD) is a condition primarily affecting older adults. Several factors have been implicated in OD, such as age, socioeconomic status, and neurodegenerative disease; however, the effect of military service still requires additional investigation. Here, we aim to determine if there is an association between prior military service and OD among older adults.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 2268 adults from Round 1 of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. OD was defined as 0–3 odors correctly identified on the 5‐item Sniffin' Sticks test. Bivariate analysis was conducted to calculate crude odds ratios (cOR) for the association of prior military service with OD and identify covariates for regression. Associations between prior military service and OD were assessed using logistic regression, and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, stroke history, dementia, diabetes, and mental health. All analyses were weighted using survey weights to account for sampling design.ResultsOD was present in 489 adults (21.6%). Among those with OD, the average age was 71.0 ± 7.9 years, whereas the average age in those without OD was 67.0 ± 7.2 years. Among adults with OD, 34.4% reported prior military service, compared to 27.7% of adults without OD (cOR = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.05–1.79). However, after adjusting for covariates, prior military service was not associated with OD (aOR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.79–1.50). Older age (aOR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.05–1.09) and worse mental health (aOR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.14–2.49) were associated with OD.ConclusionPrior military service was not associated with OD among older adults after controlling for covariates. More nuanced research is needed to examine correlations between OD and specific elements of military service such as duration, toxin exposure, and head trauma.Level of Evidence: Level 4.
Experimental Preparation of Optical Cat States Carrying Orbital Angular Momentum
Authors: Qiao Chenyu , Xu Fengyi , Wang Meihong , Ma Rong , Su Xiaolong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs an important quantum resource, optical cat state is successfully prepared and applied in quantum information science. It is shown that optical quantum states carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have wide applications in quantum communication and quantum precision measurement. Here, optical cat states carrying OAM are experimentally prepared with topological charges = 0, +1, +2, +4 by changing the wavefront of the photon‐subtracted squeezed vacuum state with a combination of quarter‐wave plate and q‐plate. To verify the prepared cat states, both Wigner functions and topological charges of OAM are measured. It is shown that the fidelities and amplitudes of optical cat states carrying OAM decrease slightly with the increase of topological charges of OAM, although the spatial size of the optical beam is increased. These results present a new kind of optical cat state carrying OAM, which has potential applications in quantum precision measurement.
Neuromorphic Computing Using a Floating Gate Modulated Photoelectric Synaptic Transistor
Authors: Hu Xiaoliang , Hao Rui , Luo Lili , Zhang Youwei , Li Yingtao , Zhang Zemin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractConfronting the limitations of traditional von Neumann architectures—chiefly their inability to process unstructured data efficiently, this work proposes a new in‐memory sensing and computing paradigm exemplified by introducing a pioneering tin oxide nanowire‐based photoelectric synaptic transistor (PST) with a floating gate replicating biological synapses' functionality. Capitalizing on the nanowire structure's high surface area to volume ratio, the PST overcomes the challenges of photo response in metal oxide semiconductors. Integrating metal oxides' Photoelectric‐Phenomenon‐Coupling effect with the charge storage capacity of field‐effect transistors enables effective optical detection and weight storage. The PST performs exceptional optoelectrical and synaptic properties, including capabilities for long‐term memory, short‐term memory, paired‐pulse facilitate, and synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, by incorporating a learning mechanism, the PST achieves an impressive 94.65% accuracy in recognizing patterns in the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology's(MNIST) handwritten digit dataset within 50 epochs. This research indicates a significant step toward intelligent computing systems closely mimicking the human brain's computational prowess.
Cremation during the early period (1000 bc–600 ad) in the archaeological site of Matecaña (Pereira, Colombia)
Authors: Rincón‐Jaramillo Ana María , Gómez‐Mejía Juliana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCremation was a common behavior during the Early period in the Middle Cauca region of Colombia. Nevertheless, few bioarchaeological analyses have focused on understanding this phenomenon. Four funerary urns from the archaeological site Matecaña (Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia) were analyzed to understand the cremation mortuary practice during the Early period (1000 bc–600 ad). For this, the cremains went through an anatomical classification that led to establishing the minimal number of individuals with the landmark system, as well as reconstructing their biological profile and interpreting the macroscopic changes made by heat exposure, such as colorimetry, the degree of cremation, the presence of heat‐induced changes, and the temperature that the incineration reached. The results indicated that the funerary cycle had three processes divided into 11 steps. During the first process, an individual's biological death led to rituals and a temporary deposition. After the skeletonization of the corpse, the second process was the cremation itself. The combustion of at least 28 individuals of different ages (fetuses, infants, and adults) was intense (400°C to over 600°C) and finalized in the third process with their burial in funerary urns. This funerary behavior reflects the long‐term relationship between the living and the dead.
Characterization of partially soluble filament for use in material extrusion 3D printing technology
Authors: Jaime Danay Manzo , Ramôa Sílvia D. A. S. , Santana Leonardo , Merlini Claudia , Alves Jorge Lino , de Oliveira Barra Guilherme Mariz 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe implementation of material extrusion 3D printing for technological purposes necessitates a thorough understanding of the chosen material. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of Gel‐Lay™ filament, providing valuable insights for future research directed towards the application of the characterized filament. Gel‐Lay™ filament comprises a blend of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). The material underwent evaluation based on its morphology, chemical composition, thermal behavior, and dynamic‐mechanical properties. The characterization process yielded insights into the type of TPE material and transition temperatures, offering avenues for enhancing the printing process. Furthermore, the study explored the process of PVA extraction from printed parts using three different methodologies to determine the approach resulting in the most significant difference between the mass of the as‐printed part and the mass after PVA extraction. With PVA removal, the parts became porous which makes this material very promising for different applications.
Optimization and ranking of dental restorative composites by ENTROPY‐VIKOR and VIKOR‐MATLAB
Authors: Yadav Ramkumar , Saini Sonu , Sonwal Sonam , Meena Anoj , Huh Yun Suk , Brambilla Eugenio , Ionescu Andrei Cristian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractResin‐based composites, now the most prevalent material for restorative dental treatments, are available in a multitude of types. Next‐generation composites are designed to be bio interactive, solving issues such as secondary caries and mechanical failures, thus prolonging the restoration lifespan. To facilitate the discrimination of the bio interactive composite's performance and the identification of the optimal composition, we tested the VIKOR method for multi‐criteria decision‐making analysis. This study encompassed 12 performance parameters and 5 experimental dental composites. We measured density, void content, water sorption, water solubility, polymerization shrinkage, depth of cure, degree of conversion, hardness, compressive strength, and surface roughness as performance parameters, and we tested a conventional BisGMA‐TEGDMA resin blend filled with yttria‐stabilized zirconia (20 wt.%) and tricalcium phosphate. The alignment between computational methods and MATLAB‐based calculations validated the robustness of the assessment, verifying the significance of the conclusions drawn from this comprehensive analysis. Both methods (ENTROPY‐VIKOR and VIKOR‐MATLAB) ranked TZC0 as the top composite. This research provided a comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship between material composition, performance attributes, and optimization strategies in dental restorative composites, offering valuable insights for future advancements in restorative dentistry.
Asian Screening Array and Next‐Generation Sequencing Based Panels Applied to Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Disorders Preclinical Workup in 294 Families: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Ren Jun , Peng Cuiting , Chen Han , Zhou Fan , Keqie Yuezhi , Li Yutong , Yang Hong , Zhang Haixia , Du Ze , Hu Ting , Zhang Xuemei , Luo Shan , Fan Wei , Wang Yan , Wang He , Chen Xinlian , Liu Shanling 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveCurrently, the most commonly used methods for linkage analysis of pre‐implantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT‐M) are next generation sequencing (NGS) and SNP array. We aim to investigate whether the application efficacy of Asian screening array (ASA) in PGT‐M preclinical workup for the Chinese population is superior to NGS based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis by reviewing 294 couples from a single center over the past 4 years and compared the detection results between NGS‐based SNP panels and ASA. Using the numbers of informative SNPs upstream and downstream flanking of variants, we assessed the detection efficiency of both methods in monogenic diseases, chromosomal microdeletion syndrome and males with de novo variants, among other scenarios.ResultsResults indicate that ASA offers a greater number of informative SNPs compared with NGS‐based SNP panels. Additionally, data analysis for ASA is generally more straightforward and may require less computational resources. While ASA can address most PGT‐M challenges, we have also identified certain genes in previous tests that are not suitable for PGT‐M using ASA.ConclusionThe application of ASA in PGT‐M preclinical workup for Chinese populations has good practical value as it can perform linkage analysis for most genetic variants. However, for certain variants, NGS or other testing methods, such as mutated allele revealed by sequencing with aneuploidy and linkage analysis (MARSALA), may still be necessary for completion.
Temporary migration and wage inequality: The effects of skills, nationality and migration status in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Islam Ahmed Zohirul , Collins Francis L. , Alimi Omoniyi B. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on the labour market dimensions of temporary migration by quantitatively exploring the relationship between temporary migration and wage inequality. Over recent decades, there has been a growing emphasis on migration management in shaping migration policies across the world, especially in the Anglophone settler societies. At the same time, temporary migration policies have been criticized for contributing to the creation of inequalities. This study investigates wage inequality among temporary migrants between 2010 and 2019 in Aotearoa New Zealand, a period when the number of people holding temporary visas more than doubled. Despite the increase in this population of temporary migrants, our analysis of administrative data has shown that the overall level of wage inequality of temporary migrants holding work visas declined between 2010 and 2019. The study uses the Shapley‐value decomposition approach to quantify the contributions of skills, nationality and migration status on wage inequality, factors that are associated with the migration system and the composition of migrants. Results suggest that skills and nationality were the key factors that have led to decrease wage inequality over the period. In contrast, migration status has a small countervailing effect on the decreases in wage inequality. Our analysis concludes that wage inequality is shaped by two factors in the case of temporary migration. The first is the migration system itself which sets different conditions for migrants in terms of skills and migration status, and the second is the composition of the migrant population.