bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The September 18, 2018, Debris Slide in Warrensville, NC: A Landslide Response Case Study
Authors: Wooten Richard M. , Cattanach Bart L. , Bozdog G. Nicholas , Isard Sierra J. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A debris slide and subsequent fire on September 18, 2018, destroyed a bank building and damaged property in Warrensville, North Carolina. The slide pushed a propane tank and an electrical generator against the bank. In that collision, an electrical arc caused the propane to explode, which produced a fireball. Employees in the bank narrowly escaped with minor injuries, and slide debris buried part of an unoccupied drive-through lane. North Carolina Geological Survey geologists responded to a request from the Ashe County Emergency Manager and investigated the slide area to assess slope stability for public safety. Aided by uncrewed aerial system imagery, we documented slope and debris slide features and geologic materials and constructed a geologic cross section through the 1,400 m2 debris slide. We concluded that record above-normal precipitation followed by rainfall from the remnants of Hurricane Florence during September 15–18, 2018, induced the slide, and that geologic conditions and hillside modifications over prior decades had predisposed the slope to failure. Colluvial deposits derived from sheared amphibolite bedrock, and curved trees within and adjacent to the 2018 slide indicated pre-existing marginally stable hillslope conditions. The 2018 slide included the area of a 2000 slide that involved a cut slope constructed during earlier site development. Stability analyses showed that the described conditions led to an unstable slope at the time of the 2018 slide. A septic leach field involved in the 2018 slide was damaged; however, it is uncertain if it was a causal factor in the slide.
Documenting the Collision of a Landslide in Permafrost with a Highway Embankment
Authors: Darrow Margaret M. , Daanen Ronald P. , Gould Meaghan C. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Frozen debris lobes (FDLs) are slow-moving landslides in permafrost. FDL-A, the largest monitored FDL in the Brooks Range of Alaska, has steadily progressed downslope toward the Dalton Highway, which is the only road to the oil and gas fields of the North Slope. To avoid this encroaching landslide, the Dalton Highway was realigned farther downslope in 2018. The abandoned portion of the highway was left in place, providing a unique opportunity for a full-scale field experiment to monitor the impact of a landslide on an engineered structure. In 2020, we conducted a subsurface investigation, drilling and sampling the subsurface soils and installing geotechnical instrumentation within the abandoned highway embankment. Here, we present the integration of multiple datasets to provide a detailed description of the landslide–embankment collision. FDL-A is shearing within weathered bedrock ∼7.6 m below the embankment surface. It horizontally displaced a portion of the embankment ∼0.3 m as of November 1, 2023. Using the infinite slope approach and strength properties determined from laboratory testing, we estimate that FDL-A is impacting the highway embankment and underlying soils with at least 77.8 kN/m width shear force. As this force occurs approximately 4 m below the bottom of the embankment, we postulate that the presence of the abandoned Dalton Highway embankment does little to stop FDL-A’s downslope progression.
Precipitation Patterns, Mountaintop Removal Mining, and the July 2022 North Fork Kentucky River Flood
Authors: Haneberg William C. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
Heavy rain over eastern Kentucky during late July 2022 caused catastrophic flooding along the North Fork Kentucky River. A disproportionate number of the 45 deaths attributed to the flood occurred along or near Troublesome Creek, a tributary that has had 25 percent of its watershed affected by mountaintop removal coal mining over the last 40 years. Flood recurrence intervals at gages along the North Fork ranged from 94 years at Jackson to 2 years upstream at Hazard to 850–1,000 years farthest upstream at Whitesburg. The recurrence interval variability is consistent with the spatial distribution of rainfall during the event, which varied by a factor of 3 over the watershed upstream from Jackson. A topographically driven cumulative flux model based upon a cumulative precipitation map, a lidar digital elevation model, and absorption coefficients calibrated to streamflow and precipitation data show that Troublesome Creek contributed 35 percent of the cumulative discharge of the North Fork at the confluence from 28 percent of the upstream watershed area. Comparison of the calibrated model to a hypothetical model that assumes no mining-related reduction in absorption suggests the maximum increase in cumulative stream discharge during the flood potentially attributable to mountaintop removal mining is 22 percent along the North Fork at Whitesburg, 28 percent along the North Fork at Jackson, 41 percent along Troublesome Creek at its confluence with the North Fork, greater than 50 percent upstream along reaches adjacent to mined areas, and 50 to 150 percent in small tributaries emanating from mined areas.
Prediction of Different Risk Factors in Relation to Hyperlipidemia Using Framingham Risk Score and Cholesterol Risk Score in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ahmad Zargar Abrar , Kumar Ranjeet , Sharma Amit 
Published: July 2024

Background:
A condition that affects the circulatory system of the human body is referred
to as a cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for
a significant number of fatalities globally. Annually, CVDs result in the demise of 17.9 million
people, which accounts for 31% of all fatalities on a global scale.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to assess the demographic profile of diabetic and nondiabetic
patients suffering from cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study is to predict risk
factors in relation to hyperlipidaemia using two different scales, the Framingham Risk Scale
(FRS) and the Cholesterol Risk Calculator (CRC), and to determine the frequency of hypercholesterolemia
in relation to CVD.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and
Hospital, Punjab, India.

Results:
The mean age of patients was found to be M= (51.23), SD= (9.348) years, and among
331 patients (52.6%) were female patients. The mean of Framingham Risk Score was found to
be (29.07%). The Framingham Risk Score was found significant with gender and calorie intake
below the recommended dietary allowances of the patient (p=0.001). The Framingham Risk
Score was found significant with physical activity and employment status of the patients (p=
0.001). In linear regression, the Framingham Risk Score was found significant with the lipid profile
of the patients (p=0.001) i.e., the higher the value of cholesterol level, the higher the
Framingham Risk Score. The chi-square test showed a significant relation between Cholesterol
Risk Score and employment status, physical activity, calorie intake, gender, and occupation of
the patients (p=0.001, p=0.001, p=0.001, p=0.004) respectively.

Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated that patients with high Framingham risk score and
cholesterol risk score are at increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The present
study concludes that the FRS is higher in patients below RDA, patients doing low physical activity,
and sedentary workers. In order to provide proper assistance and counselling, healthcare professionals
must continuously analyze each patient's risk factor for CVD and barriers to healthy
and preventive behaviors. There is a lack of comprehensive studies comparing the effectiveness
of the Framingham Risk Score and Cholesterol Risk Score in predicting hyperlipidemia and associated
cardiovascular risks within the context of a tertiary care hospital setting.
The Roles of mTOR Signaling in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: From Pathogenesis to Therapy
Authors: Gong Ting , Cao Gui , Sun Danyang , Ge Tongtong , Li Ping 
Published: July 2024

:
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy caused by cancer of the mucosal epithelial cells of the nasopharynx. Most patients
with NPC present with distant metastases and treatment resistance, both of which challenge current anti-tumour drugs. The mammalian target of
the rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway is one of the most highly activated signalling pathways in NPC and plays an important role in various
cellular activities. Dysfunction of mTOR and related signalling pathways induces tumour metabolism and growth. In this review, we summarize
current evidence to evaluate the potential mechanisms by which mTOR is implicated in NPC. It was found that activating mTOR and its upstream
and downstream signalling can promote tumor growth and survival of NPC. It is possible that EMT and autophagy regulated by cellular mTOR
signalling activities may be implicated in the metastases and radioresistance of NPC.
Comparison of the Response to an Electronic Versus a Traditional Informed Consent Procedure in Terms of Clinical Patient Characteristics: Observational Study
Authors: Zondag Anna G M , Hollestelle Marieke J , van der Graaf Rieke , Nathoe Hendrik M , van Solinge Wouter W , Bots Michiel L , Vernooij Robin W M , Haitjema Saskia ,   UCC-CVRM study group
Published: July 2024

Background
Electronic informed consent (eIC) is increasingly used in clinical research due to several benefits including increased enrollment and improved efficiency. Within a learning health care system, a pilot was conducted with an eIC for linking data from electronic health records with national registries, general practitioners, and other hospitals.

Objective
We evaluated the eIC pilot by comparing the response to the eIC with the former traditional paper-based informed consent (IC). We assessed whether the use of eIC resulted in a different study population by comparing the clinical patient characteristics between the response categories of the eIC and former face-to-face IC procedure.

Methods
All patients with increased cardiovascular risk visiting the University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands, were eligible for the learning health care system. From November 2021 to August 2022, an eIC was piloted at the cardiology outpatient clinic. Prior to the pilot, a traditional face-to-face paper-based IC approach was used. Responses (ie, consent, no consent, or nonresponse) were assessed and compared between the eIC and face-to-face IC cohorts. Clinical characteristics of consenting and nonresponding patients were compared between and within the eIC and the face-to-face cohorts using multivariable regression analyses.

Results
A total of 2254 patients were included in the face-to-face IC cohort and 885 patients in the eIC cohort. Full consent was more often obtained in the eIC than in the face-to-face cohort (415/885, 46.9% vs 876/2254, 38.9%, respectively). Apart from lower mean hemoglobin in the full consent group of the eIC cohort (8.5 vs 8.8; P=.0021), the characteristics of the full consenting patients did not differ between the eIC and face-to-face IC cohorts. In the eIC cohort, only age differed between the full consent and the nonresponse group (median 60 vs 56; P=.0002, respectively), whereas in the face-to-face IC cohort, the full consent group seemed healthier (ie, higher hemoglobin, lower glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], lower C-reactive protein levels) than the nonresponse group.

Conclusions
More patients provided full consent using an eIC. In addition, the study population remained broadly similar. The face-to-face IC approach seemed to result in a healthier study population (ie, full consenting patients) than the patients without IC, while in the eIC cohort, the characteristics between consent groups were comparable. Thus, an eIC may lead to a better representation of the target population, increasing the generalizability of results.
A Video-Based Communication Intervention for Fecal Ostomy Surgery (CI-oSurg): Protocol for Open Pilot Testing to Improve Intervention Acceptability and Feasibility
Authors: Cauley Christy Elaine , Rubio Atziri , Brindle Mary , Cooper Zara , Vranceanu Ana-Maria , Ritchie Christine S 
Published: July 2024

Background
Approximately 100,000 patients undergo fecal ostomy operations annually across the United States. This patient population experiences high surgical complication rates and poor biopsychosocial outcomes. Surgical teams are not trained to address the psychosocial needs that often arise during recovery after fecal ostomy surgery.

Objective
This study aims to refine and establish the acceptability and usability of the Communication Intervention for fecal ostomy Surgery (CI-oSurg), a web-based communication intervention aimed at reducing distress among patients recovering from ostomy surgery.

Methods
We describe the proposed study design, methodology, and training protocol. We will conduct an open pilot (n=24 patients and n=8 clinicians) of video-based training to first identify the level and types of distress patients are experiencing. Next, patients will view web videos that address frequent challenges faced by ostomy patients, considering practical management and emotional and adaptation concerns. Qualitative one-to-one semistructured interviews will be conducted with participants to explore the acceptability and feasibility of the program and refine the intervention and study procedures.

Results
This study has been approved by the Mass General Brigham Institutional Review Board. Study funding has been obtained, and recruitment is planned for the fall of 2024.

Conclusions
Through this study, we will refine CI-oSurg, a web-based communication intervention focused on reducing distress after ostomy surgery, to improve intervention acceptability and usability. These improvements will allow us to establish the usability and acceptability of the intervention before efficacy testing to determine the ability of this intervention to reduce distress after fecal ostomy surgery.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06320002; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06320002

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/60575
Inventarisasi Tumbuhan Kantung Semar (Nepenthes spp.) di Lahan Gambut Bukit Rawi, Kalimatan Tengah
Authors: Hariyadi Hariyadi 
Published: July 2024

Gambut merupakan salah satu ciri khas tanah di wilayah Bukit Rawi Kalimantan TengahÂ dengan jenis tanah gambut ombrogen yang miskin unsur hara.Â Â Salah satu jenis tumbuhan yang beradaptasi dengan baik pada kondisi tanah gambut adalah kantung semar. Berdasarkan hasil inventarisasi di wilayah Bukit Rawi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga jenisÂ tumbuhanÂ kantungÂ semar yaituÂ N. mirabilis, N. reinwardtiana, dan N. gracilis.
Using telemedicine technologies as a tool for monitoring adverse events in patients with chronic hepatitis C receiving antiviral therapy
Authors: Bueverov A. O. , Bogomolov P. O. , Gonik M. I. , Bueverova E. L. 
Published: July 2024

Substantiation: Monitoring adverse events (AEs) among outpatients is an important clinical problem; as they may be the cause of treatment interruption. In this situation; using telemedicine technologies (TMT) is rational to prevent these events and ensure continuity of medical care.The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of using TMT to register AEs and prevent unjustified treatment interruption in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC); who receiving antiviral therapy (AVT).Methods: 84 patients with HCV (genotype 1b) were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups with and without the use of TMT (54 and 30 subjects; respectively). Patients with CHC (genotype 1b) were included under our observation. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the use of TMT. All patients received antiviral therapy (AVT) with a combination of ombitasvir; paritaprevir; dasabuvir and ritonavir. We studied the main laboratory parameters before start of therapy and after 12 weeks. The achievement of SVR after 12 weeks of therapy was also evaluated. Registration of cases of adverse events was performed by interviewing the patientResults: All patients in the study sample achieved complete elimination of HCV within the specified time frame; no statistically significant difference between the groups was found (p>0.05). Analyzing the cases of AEs; 10 cases of AEs in 7 patients in the first subgroup and 12 cases of AEs in 7 patients from the second subgroup. In all cases treatment withdrawal was not required. The incidence of AEs was comparable in both populations (p>0.05).Conclusion: The use of TMT allows to register cases of AEs in patients with CHC with a sufficient degree of accuracy; prevent independent treatment withdrawal and; as a consequence; contribute to the achievement of SVR.
Effect of Instrument Lubricant on Mechanical Properties of Restorative Composite
Authors: Pippin G , Tantbirojn D , Wolfgang M , Nordin JS , Versluis A 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARY

Objectives:
Using a wetting resin or adhesive system as an instrument lubricant when placing composite layers is commonly practiced to improve handling. This study investigated whether instrument lubricants affected strength, stiffness, or hardness.

Methods:
Composite beams (TPH Spectra) were fabricated using a stainless steel mold (25×2.5×2 mm) in two steps, where the second half (12.5 mm) was added and cured against a cured first half (n=15). The composite surface at the open end of the first half was smoothed using an instrument lubricated with wetting resin (Ultradent) or universal adhesive (ScotchBond Universal), enough to prevent sticking, or without lubrication. An additional beam of each group was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. Monolithic specimens were also fabricated. After 24 hour storage (37°C, 100% humidity), the beams’ flexural strength and stiffness were determined by four-point bending. Vickers surface hardness was measured on 24-hour composite samples in 2 mm deep acrylic cavities, cured after the surface was smoothed with the two instrument lubricants or no lubricant (n=10). Hardness was remeasured after finishing with a series of contouring and polishing discs. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test at 0.05 significance level.

Results:
There were significant differences (p&lt;0.001) in flexural strength and stiffness among groups. While strength and stiffness were not affected by using a wetting resin as instrument lubricant, use of a universal adhesive increased strength and stiffness significantly, achieving monolithic values. Scanning electron micrographs showed less porosities at the interface when using instrument lubricants. Surface hardness was significantly reduced in groups in which instrument lubricants were used, but finishing/polishing restored original hardness (p&lt;0.001).

Conclusions:
Lubricating an instrument with a wetting agent did not adversely affect physical or surface properties, provided the surface was finished and polished. If a universal adhesive was used as lubricant, the strength and stiffness of a layered composite could be increased, reaching monolithic values.
Perspectives of Blockchain for the Modern Space Activity
Authors: Hurova Anna , Kirpachova Maria 
Published: July 2024

Summary
This paper is based on the study dedicated to the legal nature of the DLT (distributed ledger technologies), and in particular to Blockchain as its most popular example, the basic elements and models of the technology, the main spheres of its application in the framework of space activity in order to guarantee realization of rights and compliance with obligations of public and private space actors in the process of conducting the outer space activities, as well as legislative innovations to regulate the utilization of Blockchain in different countries, international standards, practices and promising legal mechanisms. The authors consider usage of different types of Blockchain ledgers (public ledger with authorized access and with/without special validator) to implement different tasks in the process of space activity regulation, such as guaranteeing fulfillment of terms and conditions of foreign economic agreements on the basis of smart contracts concluded between business entities and for maintaining the state register of space objects. The research proposes several scenarios that are acceptable both in terms of technical characteristics of Blochchain and legal requirements under which a number of central authorities can exercise their powers to regulate space activities using DLT. The most precise attention is focused on considering the compliance of the space authorization requirements, ensuring the registration of space objects and the implementation of foreign trade agreements within the space sector of the economy.
In vitro investigation of anti-inflammatory activity of propolis/saffron extract/curcumin-loaded ZIF8 nanoparticles and their potential application for treating osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhang Hongtao , Xu Kui , Zhao Zhen , Dong Chuan , Zhang Yunfei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) poses a significant healthcare challenge globally, necessitating the development of effective therapeutic interventions. It is crucial to develop novel drug delivery systems for OA treatment.

Aims
This study explores the potential of propolis, saffron extract, and curcumin-loaded zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF8) nanoparticles as a treatment modality for OA. The anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective properties of these natural compounds make them promising candidates for OA management.

Methods
Through comprehensive in vitro investigations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), MTT assays, antiinflammatory assays, cell migration assays, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and release assays, we evaluated the physicochemical and biological characteristics of propolis, saffron extract, and curcumin-loaded ZIF8 nanocarriers.

Results
Our findings demonstrate that these nanocarriers effectively encapsulated the bioactive compounds, exhibited sustained release profiles, and displayed significant anti-inflammatory properties. Notably, propolis-loaded ZIF8 nanocarriers exhibited superior anti-inflammatory activity compared to other formulations. The encapsulation of propolis, saffron extract, and curcumin within ZIF8 nanoparticles holds promise for enhancing their therapeutic efficacy and ensuring targeted delivery to affected joints in OA treatment.

Conclusion
This study highlights the potential of nanotechnology-based delivery systems in harnessing the therapeutic benefits of natural compounds for OA management.