bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploitation of erythrosine B as a fluorometric marker for lurasidone determination through electrostatic attraction; application to content uniformity test
Authors: Elhamdy Hadeer A. , Oraby Mohamed , Derayea Sayed M. , Badr El‐Din Khalid M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA recently developed antipsychotic drug, lurasidone, was determined using a simple, sensitive, and eco‐friendly spectrofluorimetric approach. The suggested approach was based on the quantifiable quenching impact of lurasidone on the inherent fluorescence of erythrosine B in an acidic environment employing a Teorell–Stenhagen buffer (pH 4). Following excitation at 530 nm, the quenching of erythrosine B fluorescence was monitored at 552 nm. The system variables were systematically optimized to enhance the formation of the lurasidone‐erythrosine B ion pair for analytical purposes. A linear calibration graph was built in the range of 20–600 ng mL−1 with 0.9998 as a coefficient of correlation. The quantitation and detection limits were 13.5 and 4.5 ng/mL, respectively. The analytical validity of the designed approach was assessed with respect to International Council on Harmonization (ICH) guiding principles. The proposed methodology was employed with high recoveries for assessing lurasidone in bulk powder and its therapeutic tablet dosage form. Additionally, the uniformity of tablet formulations was tested using the developed approach. Finally, the established approach was assessed for its greenness using various tools.
Advancements in nanobody generation: Integrating conventional, in silico, and machine learning approaches
Authors: Reddy D Jagadeeswara , Guntuku Girijasankar , Palla Mary Sulakshana 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNanobodies, derived from camelids and sharks, offer compact, single‐variable heavy‐chain antibodies with diverse biomedical potential. This review explores their generation methods, including display techniques on phages, yeast, or bacteria, and computational methodologies. Integrating experimental and computational approaches enhances understanding of nanobody structure and function. Future trends involve leveraging next‐generation sequencing, machine learning, and artificial intelligence for efficient candidate selection and predictive modeling. The convergence of traditional and computational methods promises revolutionary advancements in precision biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery and diagnostics. Embracing these technologies accelerates nanobody development, driving transformative breakthroughs in biomedicine and paving the way for precision medicine and biomedical innovation.
Molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in the era of precision oncotherapy: Current inspirations and future challenges
Authors: Dang Qin , Zuo Lulu , Hu Xinru , Zhou Zhaokai , Chen Shuang , Liu Shutong , Ba Yuhao , Zuo Anning , Xu Hui , Weng Siyuan , Zhang Yuyuan , Luo Peng , Cheng Quan , Liu Zaoqu , Han Xinwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most hackneyed malignancies. Even patients with identical clinical symptoms and the same TNM stage still exhibit radically different clinical outcomes after receiving equivalent treatment regimens, indicating extensive heterogeneity of CRC. Myriad molecular subtypes of CRC have been exploited for decades, including the most compelling consensus molecular subtype (CMS) classification that has been broadly applied for patient stratification and biomarker‐drug combination formulation. Encountering barriers to clinical translation, however, CMS classification fails to fully reflect inter‐ or intra‐tumor heterogeneity of CRC. As a consequence, addressing heterogeneity and precisely managing CRC patients with unique characteristics remain arduous tasks for clinicians.ReviewIn this review, we systematically summarize molecular subtypes of CRC and further elaborate on their clinical applications, limitations, and future orientations.ConclusionIn recent years, exploration of subtypes through cell lines, animal models, patient‐derived xenografts (PDXs), organoids, and clinical trials contributes to refining biological insights and unraveling subtype‐specific therapies in CRC. Therapeutic interventions including nanotechnology, clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR‐associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), gut microbiome, and liquid biopsy are powerful tools with the possibility to shift the immunologic landscape and outlook for CRC precise medicine.
Characterizing multi‐PIK3CA mutations across cancer types: Toward precision oncology
Authors: Nakamura Kohei , Ishikawa Marin , Kawano Ryutaro , Aimono Eriko , Mizuno Takaaki , Nohara Sachio , Tanishima Shigeki , Hayashi Hideyuki , Nishihara Hiroshi ,   The Keio PleSSision Group
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundPIK3CA mutations are implicated in various cancers, but the implications of multiple concurrent mutations and their orientations within the gene have not been fully explored.MethodsIn this study, we analyzed multi‐PIK3CA mutations across a diverse pan‐cancer cohort comprising 3564 tumors.ResultsMulti‐PIK3CA mutations were present in 10.3% of all PIK3CA‐mutant tumors, predominantly occurring in breast and gynecological cancers. Notably, mutations within the helical domain (E542:E545) exclusively occurred in the trans‐orientation, contrasting with mutations in the kinase ABD and C2 domains, which mainly appeared in the cis orientation.ConclusionsThe distinct pattern of mutation orientations in PIK3CA suggests variable oncogenic potential, with helical domain mutations in the trans‐orientation potentially being less oncogenic. These findings highlight the importance of mutation orientation in the PIK3CA gene as potential biomarkers for targeted therapy. This understanding is crucial for designing clinical trials that leverage PI3K inhibitors, aiming for more effective and precise cancer treatment.
Sulfur Vacancies are the Active Sites in the Iron Sulfide Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Naphthalene
Authors: Bai Yang , Yao Yahui , Tian Lei , Yang Yong , Zhang Cuijuan , Guo Qiang , Liu Yuan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIron sulfide catalysts could boost the hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and have been widely employed in direct coal liquefaction owing to their low price and good activity. In the past, the Fe deficient structure on Fe1−xS was normally considered as the active site. Herein, the promotion effect of S vacancies on the performance in the naphthalene hydrogenation reaction was revealed. Additional S vacancies on the prepared Fe1−xS catalyst were introduced by a heat‐treatment under H2. Multiple characterization techniques verified that the density of S vacancies on catalyst surface increased with the prolonged H2 treatment time, while the Fe deficient structure displayed an opposite trend. The performance in the hydrogenation of naphthalene to tetralin was used to evaluate the catalyst activity. It was found that the sequence of naphthalene conversion over catalysts was consistent with the corresponding content of S vacancies, indicating that S vacancies were more efficient active sites. DFT calculation results revealed that both molecular H2 and naphthalene exhibited a pronounced inclination towards adsorption on S vacancies as compared to intact surface of Fe1−xS. The increasing amount of S vacancies facilitated the adsorption of reactants and the weakening of naphthalene C−C bonds.
New Test Setup for On‐Site Testing of Gas Cleaning Catalysts
Authors: Girod Kai , Wiesmann Thomas , Suh Sung Youn , Zeidler‐Fandrich Barbara 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA new catalyst test setup on miniplant‐scale was planned and built. The setup enables the use of real process gases in the environment of a steel mill or related application and the utilization of synthetic gases with a wide range of gas compositions including trace compounds to investigate the operational limits of gas cleaning catalysts. First investigations focus on oxygen removal from real coke oven gas (COG). The concept not only addresses effects of scale and heat management but also emphasizes the use of real process gases for application‐oriented catalyst development in industrial settings.
A holistic approach for assessing occupational health risk due to fugitive emissions in petrochemical processes: Inherent health hazard level index (IHHLI)
Authors: Alhamdani Yousef A. , Hassim Mimi H. , Shaik Salim M. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFugitive emissions from petrochemical facilities have become a major concern due to their impact on plant productivity, the environment, and health. In regard to health, petrochemical workers are at higher occupational health (OH) risk due to their continuous exposure to these harmful emissions. Inherent OH and safety indexes are the most common methods used for assessing OH risk due to fugitive emissions. These methods usually focus on the sources of health hazards, such as chemical substances, process conditions, and process equipment. Therefore, these methods are considered good for measuring the severity of the OH risk. However, based on the source, pathway, receptor (SPR) model, the OH risk due to fugitive emissions is also dependent on the pathway and receptor, where leak and exposure hazards may take place, respectively. For a holistic OH risk assessment, these hazards need to be considered. This was achieved by developing an OH risk assessment methodology that provides an effective assessment that takes into consideration hazards at the source, pathway, and receptor. This paper focuses on the source part of the SPR model, while the pathway and receptor parts will be covered in future publications. This paper presents an index‐based method named the inherent health hazard level index (IHHLI) developed for evaluating the severity of the fugitive emission‐induced OH risk. The IHHLI is developed by an expert‐based selection of the most common and relevant health hazard indicators published in the literature. Based on industry testing, the IHHLI can provide a reliable OH hazard evaluation.
Printing organic‐field effect transistors from semiconducting polymers and branched polyethylene
Authors: Mason Gage T. , Skaf Daniella , Roy Anindya L. , Hussein Rahaf Nafez , Gomes Tiago Carneiro , Landry Eric , Xiang Peng , Walus Konrad , Carmichael Tricia Breen , Rondeau‐Gagné Simon 
Published: July 2024

AbstractOrganic electroactive materials, particularly semiconducting polymers, are at the forefront of emerging organic electronics. Among the plethora of unique features, the possibility to formulate inks out of these materials is particularly promising for the large‐scale manufacturing of electronics at lower cost on a variety of soft substrates. While solution deposition of semiconducting materials is promising for developing printed electronics, the environmental footprint of the materials and related devices needs to be considered to achieve sustainable manufacturing. Towards the development of greener printed electronics, this work investigates the utilization of a non‐toxic, environmentally‐friendly solvent, namely branched polyethylene (BPE), to formulate semiconducting inks. Focusing on a diketopyrrolopyrrole‐based (DPP) semiconducting polymer, shellac as dielectric, and BPE as the solvent, solutions were prepared in different concentrations and their rheological properties were characterized. Then, printing on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates using two different techniques was performed to fabricate organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs). Both printing techniques yielded OFETs with good performance and device characteristics, averaging approximately 10−2 and 10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively, for slot‐die coating and direct‐ink writing deposition. Notably, despite some difference in threshold voltages, OFETs produced via slot‐die coating and direct‐ink writing showed comparable charge mobilities to previously reported OFETs prepared from similar materials, particularly those prepared on silicon dioxide wafers. Overall, this work confirms the suitability of BPE to formulate semiconducting inks to develop printed electronics in a greener manner. The printing methodology developed in this work also open new avenues for the design of functional printed electronics and related technologies.
Comparative Analysis of PCI Strategies in Aortic Stenosis Patients Undergoing TAVI: A Systematic Review and Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Fallahtafti Parisa , Soleimani Hamidreza , Ebrahimi Pouya , Ghaseminejad‐Raeini Amirhossein , Karimi Elaheh , Shirinezhad Amirhossein , Sabri Mahshad , Mehrani Mehdi , Taheri Homa , Siegel Robert , Shah Neeraj , Nanna Michael , Hakim Diaa , Hosseini Kaveh 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has been increasingly used in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Since coronary artery disease (CAD) is common among these patients, it is crucial to choose the best method and timing of revascularization. This study aims to compare different timing strategies of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with severe AS undergoing TAVI to clarify whether PCI timing affects the patients' outcomes or not.MethodsA frequentist network meta‐analysis was conducted comparing three different revascularization strategies in patients with CAD undergoing TAVI. The 30‐day all‐cause mortality, in‐hospital mortality, all‐cause mortality at 1 year, 30‐day rates of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and major bleeding, and the need for pacemaker implantation at 6 months were analyzed in this study.ResultsOur meta‐analysis revealed that PCI during TAVI had higher 30‐day mortality (RR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.40–4.32) and in‐hospital mortality (RR = 1.70, 95% CI = [1.08–2.69]) compared to no PCI. Post‐TAVI PCI was associated with higher 1‐year mortality compared to other strategies. While no significant differences in major bleeding or stroke were observed, PCI during TAVI versus no PCI (RR = 3.63, 95% CI = 1.27–10.43) showed a higher rate of 30‐day MI.ConclusionOur findings suggest that among patients with severe AS and CAD undergoing TAVI, PCI concomitantly with TAVI seems to be associated with worse 30‐day outcomes compared with no PCI. PCI after TAVI demonstrated an increased risk of 1‐year mortality compared to alternative strategies. Choosing a timing strategy should be individualized based on patient characteristics and procedural considerations.
An efficient multi‐scale large asymmetric‐kernel network for lightweight image super‐resolution
Authors: Fang Jinsheng , Lin Hanjiang , Zhao Jianglong , Zeng Kun 
Published: July 2024

SummaryRecently, lightweight convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on single image super‐resolution (SISR) tasks have received impressive improvement with delicate structures. However, numerous lightweight methods may reduce the representation capacity of the network due to decreasing the model size and computational complexities, leading to unsatisfactory performance. In this paper, we propose an efficient multi‐scale large asymmetric‐kernel network (MLAN) for lightweight SISR. Specifically, MLAN is built with a succession of feature cross extraction blocks (FCEBs), which better models local and long‐range interactive information of features for SR. Each of the FCEB contains a multi‐scale asymmetric large‐kernel attention block (MACAB) by using multiple convolutional kernels to extract features in different receptive fields and a gated mechanism to preserve the useful information for SR. Extensive experimental results on five public benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of MLAN over the other advanced lightweight SISR competitors. The average PSNR values are about 0.12, 0.17 and 0.11 dB greater than the second‐best competitors under scaling factors of ×2, ×3 and ×4, respectively. The proposed efficient blocks enable our MLAN to make a better balance between model size and performance and achieve comparable performance with Transformer‐based methods at a similar level of parameters.
Inheritance of seed, flower, and anther colors and their linkage in diverse flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes
Authors: Hoque Ahasanul , Shaikh T. M. , Rahman Mukhlesur 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBreeders need to mine the underlying genes of target traits for their improvement before the inception of the breeding program. We conducted this research to decipher the number of genes along with their interactions and linkage for seed color, flower color, and anther color, and to show the reflection of genetic divergence on phenotypic variations in segregating populations by crossing diverse flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes. Seed color showed maternal effect and appeared to be controlled by two and three independent genes having dominant, duplicate, and dominant epistatic interactions varying according to cross combinations. The flower and anther color were controlled by one and two independent genes showing dominant and duplicate interactions. We observed a strong genetic linkage among seed, flower, and anther color genes. We also found that the incorporation of diverse parents in crossing resulted in more phenotypic variation, which included new phenotypic classes other than parents in the segregating population for seed color. This research will facilitate indirect selection and help in developing markers for marker‐assisted selection in flax breeding program.
Sox21 homeologs autoregulate expression levels to control progression through neurogenesis
Authors: Damuth Dillon L. , Cunningham Doreen D. , Silva Elena M. 
Published: July 2024

SummaryThe SRY HMG box transcription factor Sox21 plays multiple critical roles in neurogenesis, with its function dependent on concentration and developmental stage. In the allotetraploid Xenopus laevis, there are two homeologs of sox21, namely sox21.S and sox21.L. Previous studies focused on Sox21.S, but its amino acid sequence is divergent, lacking conserved poly‐A stretches and bearing more similarity with ancestral homologs. In contrast, Sox21.L shares higher sequence similarity with mouse and chick Sox21. To determine if Sox21.S and Sox21.L have distinct functions, we conducted gain and loss‐of‐function studies in Xenopus embryos. Our studies revealed that Sox21.S and Sox21.L are functionally redundant, but Sox21.L is more effective at driving changes than Sox21.S. These results also support our earlier findings in ectodermal explants, demonstrating that Sox21 function is dose‐dependent. While Sox21 is necessary for primary neuron formation, high levels prevent their formation. Strikingly, these proteins autoregulate, with high levels of Sox21.L reducing sox21.S and sox21.L mRNA levels, and decreased Sox21.S promoting increased expression of sox21.L. Our findings shed light on the intricate concentration‐dependent roles of Sox21 homeologs in Xenopus neurogenesis.
Underwater soundscape in Seaview Bay, Antarctica, and triple ascending trill of the leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) underwater vocalizations
Authors: Han Dong‐Gyun , Choi Jee Woong , Kim Jong‐U , Kim Jeong‐Hoon , La Hyoung Sul 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe underwater soundscape was recorded in Seaview Bay off Inexpressible Island, Ross Sea region Marine protected area, for 3 days in December 2021. Leopard seal Hydrurga leptonyx vocalizations were a prominent sound source that led to variations in ambient sound pressure levels in a frequency range of approximately 150–4500 Hz. Among the 14 call types previously identified, except ultrasound vocalizations, six types of broadcast calls were classified, and their acoustic characteristics were analyzed. We focused on the acoustic characteristics of four low‐frequency calls, clustered in a relatively narrow bandwidth, which have been relatively less studied. We identified a new call type of a triple ascending trill consisting of three trill parts, expanding upon the findings of previous studies. The audio data extracted from leopard seal vocalization videos, recorded by a monitoring camera on sea ice, enhanced the reliability of identifications of the underwater triple ascending trill. We present the unique results of underwater passive acoustic monitoring conducted at Seaview Bay, designated as Antarctic Specially Protected Area No 178. Our results could contribute to the development of detection and localization algorithms for leopard seal vocalizations and can be used as fundamental data for studies related to the vocalization and behavior of this species.
Non‐invasive prediction of pulmonary vascular disease‐related exercise intolerance and survival in non‐group 1 pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Reddy Yogesh N.V. , Dubrock Hilary , Hassoun Paul M. , Hemnes Anna , Horn Evelyn , Leopold Jane A. , Rischard Franz , Rosenzweig Erika B. , Hill Nicholas S. , Erzurum Serpil C. , Beck Gerald J. , Mathai Stephen C. , Mukherjee Monica , Tang W.H. Wilson , Borlaug Barry A. , Frantz Robert P. ,   and the PVDOMICS Study Group
Published: July 2024

AimsThe clinical utility of pulmonary hypertension (PH) risk scores in non‐group 1 PH with pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) remains unresolved.Methods and resultsWe utilized the prospective multicenter PVDOMICS cohort with group 2, 3, 4 or 5 PH‐related PVD and calculated group 1 PH risk scores (REVEAL 2.0, REVEAL Lite 2, French registry score and COMPERA 2). The c‐statistic to predict death was compared separately in (i) pre‐capillary PH groups 3/4/5, and (ii) combined post‐ and pre‐capillary PH group 2. Exercise right heart catheterization reserve, ventricular interdependence and right ventricular–pulmonary artery (RV‐PA) coupling were compared across risk categories. Among 449 individuals with group 3/4/5 PH, the REVEAL 2.0 risk score had the highest c‐statistic for predicting death (0.699, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.660–0.737, p < 0.0001) with comparable performance using the simpler REVEAL Lite 2 score (0.695, 95% CI 0.656–0.734, p < 0.0001). The French and COMPERA 2 risk scores were also predictive of mortality, but performance of both was statistically inferior to REVEAL 2.0 (c‐statistic difference −0.072, 95% CI −0.123 to −0.020, p = 0.006, and −0.043, 95% CI −0.067 to −0.018, p = 0.0007, respectively). RV function and RV‐PA coupling measures were prognostic in isolation, but did not add incremental value to REVEAL (p > 0.50 for all). Findings were similar in patients with group 2 PH (n = 239). Stratification by the REVEAL Lite 2 score non‐invasively identified non‐group 1 PH with more advanced PVD with worse exercise capacity, RV‐PA uncoupling, ventricular interdependence and impaired cardiac output reserve (p < 0.05 for all).ConclusionsNon‐invasive REVEAL risk predicts mortality in non‐group 1 PH without incremental prognostic value from detailed RV function or RV‐PA coupling assessment. Baseline REVEAL Lite 2 risk stratification non‐invasively identifies greater pulmonary vascular dysfunction and right heart‐related exercise limitation, which may help guide patient selection for targeted pulmonary vascular therapies in non‐group 1 PH.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Regioselective Selenohydroxylation of Enamine Amides with Diaryl Diselenides
Authors: Jiang Shiliang , Leng Yuting , Wang Panpan , Sui Kaixia , Ma Ning , Wu Yangjie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article reports the synthesis of alpha‐hydroxy‐beta‐seleno amides containing intramolecular hydrogen bonds by selective oxyselenization and selective double bond cleavage reactions of enamine amides with diaryl diselenides under visible light irradiation. This protocol proceeds well to provide the 30 desired products with yields of 37 %–80 % using the 12 W blue LED as light source under room temperature conditions. Moreover, diaryl diselenides plays a dual role as a substrate and a photoactive reagent, as well as oxygen in the air participates in the reaction, thus avoiding the extra addition of environmentally unfriendly photoctalysts and oxidants.