bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding English medium instruction (EMI) policy from the perspectives of STEM content teachers in Kazakhstan
Authors: Manan Syed Abdul , Hajar Anas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this study, the authors address the case of STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) content teachers in an English medium instruction (EMI) environment in Kazakhstan to argue that the professional needs and identities of these teachers are considerably different than the specialist English teachers who teach English language skills and grammar. Therefore, STEM teachers require a different language policy response and diagnosis, and should be understood through a different analytical lens. The study draws on qualitative interviews with one EMI expert and 58 STEM content teachers from six cities or regions of Kazakhstan to present an account of the challenges they confront within mainstream schools. Findings suggest that policies force STEM content teachers to take the role of English teachers, although they are not prepared for that role. These teachers emphasize that their main responsibility is to teach course content, not the English language. As a result, they undergo several dilemmas such as professional [dis]investment and identity crisis, linguistic disadvantages, inferiority complexes, and pedagogical and theoretical limitations. Top‐down policies render local teachers and practitioners voiceless and disconnected from policymaking. The authors propose a non‐traditional, participatory, and non‐hierarchical policy framework, where policy actors at different levels collaboratively engage to assess teachers' diverse needs and take contextually informed actions to address the afore‐stated dilemmas and challenges.
Research on the Clamping Force Performance of Cable Clamps on Long-Span Suspension Bridges Under Solar Radiation
Authors: Cai Yue , Tian Zhongchu , Wang Guibo , Zeng Hao , Liu Cheng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe anti-slip performance of cable clamps is one of the important structures to ensure the safety of suspension bridges, and there is currently limited research on the influence of temperature. by using validated meteorological data, an ABAQUS thermal coupling model is established to obtain the steady-state temperature field for a representative period and apply it as a mapped field to analyze the stress results of the cable clamp-main cable structure. The analysis concludes that the derived analytical solution in this study is close to the numerical solution of the finite element method, with a maximum error of 4.2%, meeting the requirements of practical engineering. The increase in temperature of the screw itself reduces the pre-tensioning force, while the increase in structural temperature, when the screw does not experience temperature variation, can actually increase the friction force of the cable clamp to some extent, which is beneficial for improving the friction resistance of the cable clamp. During the installation of cable clamps, it is recommended to perform it at low temperatures, and the surface of the screw can be thermally insulated to maximize the increase in friction force caused by structural temperature rise.
Numerical Simulation-Based Investigation of Fatigue Fracture Mechanisms in Hot In-Place Recycling of Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Zhao Kai , Zhao Yongli , Cao Yi 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHot in-place recycling (HIR) technology rejuvenates a certain depth range (typically not exceeding 6 cm) of old asphalt concrete pavement in a single step. Suitable for early-stage surface pavement distresses, it prevents them from progressing into deeper layers. Despite numerous experimental studies on the fatigue and fracture properties of hot recycled materials, limited research exists on numerical simulation of fatigue fracture in such materials. Numerical simulations, offering cost-effectiveness and overcoming size constraints, are the focus of this paper. The study uses a developed fatigue fracture co-simulation program to investigate fatigue fracture behavior in pavement structures under wheel load and temperature effects. It explores the influence of material properties, layer configurations, and initial crack positions of HIR materials on fatigue cracking occurrence. The research provides valuable insights into fatigue fracture patterns in HIR material pavement structures, offering a theoretical foundation for preventing fatigue fracture in such materials.
Study on Insulation and Anti-frost Heave Effect of Polystyrene Board Under the Condition of Mold Bag Concrete
Authors: Guo Fuqiang , Li Gangtie , Chen Shichao , Yang Xia , Huo Yizhen , Bai Jinxiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAs a new lining technology, mould bag lining technology has been widely used in recent years. In this paper, the channel frost heave in Hetao irrigation area of Inner Mongolia was studied and a field in-situ test platform was established. The experimental study on the insulation and anti-freeze of polystyrene board under the condition of concrete bag with different thickness was carried out by setting the concrete bag with different thickness and the test block of polystyrene board with different thickness. The research shows that the total accumulated temperature increases by 3.93%~9.22% and the frost heave rate decreases by 18.28%~55.44% by adding 2–5 cm mold bag concrete on the basis of 10 cm mold bag concrete. Laying 4~8 cm polystyrene board, the total accumulated temperature increased by 207.63%~272.25%, and the frost heave rate decreased by 71.43%~96.6%. The absolute slope of the curve fitting the frost heave rate and soil temperature decreased by 44.6%~58.7%. Laying polystyrene plate can inhibit the migration of soil water during freezing-thawing period, reduce the formation of frozen front ice intercalation, and thus reduce the damage of channel frost heave.
Dynamic Response and Reliability Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Members Under Vehicle and Train Collisions: Quantifying Impact Performance and Damage
Authors: AL-Bukhaiti Khalil , Liu Yanhui , Zhao Shichun , Han Daguang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study analyzes the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) members impacted by vehicles or trains by reviewing existing experimental and numerical work. RC structures are susceptible to such collisions, which can cause structural failure or collapse. The damage response depends on the energy transferred during impact, ranging from cosmetic effects to full structural failure. To properly characterize damage, indices are defined considering concrete and steel strain rates during and after plastic deformation. Concrete spalling is also discussed as an indicator of localized or global failure severity. Experimental results from other studies are presented and compared to theoretical models. The latest provisions for incorporating strain rate sensitivity into material models based on various standards are reviewed. This analysis aims to provide insights for better assessing the reliability of RC members after impacts. Understanding reliability is important for evaluating the safety of damaged structures and mitigating risks. The findings can help practitioners evaluate damaged structures and guide future design to avoid severe outcomes from vehicle and train collisions onto critical infrastructure.
Comprehensive Zeta Potential Analysis of Moringa oleifera-Based Coagulants for Heavy Metal Removal
Authors: Karunakaran Ravikumar 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the efficacy of Moringa oleifera-derived coagulants for removing Cd, Cr, and Pb from water through zeta potential analysis. The surface charge characteristics of Moringa oleifera seed, gum powder, bentonite clay, and clay-polymer composites are explored, emphasizing their role in coagulation-flocculation processes. The isoelectric point (IEP) is identified as a crucial parameter, underlining its significance in the colloidal system. Results highlight promising heavy metal removal by Moringa oleifera seed, gum, and their composite coagulants. The research offers unique insights into the zeta potential characteristics of these coagulants, emphasizing pH’s importance in heavy metal removal. This holistic examination of Moringa oleifera-derived coagulants presents a promising avenue for sustainable water purification practices.
Analysis of Hugging Flow Through the Powerful Technique of Homotopy Asymptotic Method (HAM)
Authors: Shah Qayyum 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA hugging flow occurs when a fluid is hugged between two undistinguishable plates fronting one another. To this end, the hugging flow between two disks in drive of unstable nature is of immense importance for its technical and scientific uses such as, molding of fluids, the study of fluid machinery such as pumps, fans, blowers, windmills, air compressors, heat exchangers, jet & rocket engines, gas turbines, power plants, pollution control equipments, air-conditioning equipments, heating & ventilation systems, breathing aids, heat-lungs machines, among others makes fluid mechanics of massive importance to Mechanical Engineers. Similarly, expansion and contraction in blood flow, piston motion, brakes, and in cooling towers among others. The aim of this research is to investigate Newtonian fluid between two porous time-varying plates in hugging flow. The impact variable, magnetic field is taken into account. The treatment of obtained system of equations is done by HAM (Homotopy Asymptotic Method). After a comparative analysis between The results obtained through HAM and Numerical methods showed a great agreement of harmony. Variation in the flow fields is presented with the help of figures. The residual errors for fluid flow fields are calculated and shown with the help of table. All the computational work has been done with the help of computer software Mathematica Software.
Integration of Structure and Enclosure System (Large Span Curtain Wall Structure) Monitoring Technology and Linkage Analysis
Authors: Gao Wentao , Liu Jian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe integrated monitoring technology and linkage analysis of the structure and enclosure system (large span curtain wall structure) are studied by studying the impact of deformation of the main structure on the stress and deformation performance of the curtain wall structure, as well as considering the impact of the load transmitted by the curtain wall structure to the main structure on the main structure. Conduct research on three scenarios: pure large-span curtain wall structural model, pure main body structural model, and collaborative work between large-span curtain wall structural model and main body structural model. Compare and study indicators such as period, deformation, and interlayer displacement angle. The analysis shows that the load transmitted by the large-span curtain wall structure to the main structure has very little impact on the deformation of the main structure; The deformation of the main structure has little impact on the relative deformation of the large-span curtain wall structure.
Hamiltonian-Jacobi Equation for Torsional Problems of Corrugated Steel Web Box Girders
Authors: Shu Xin , Li Guohua , Dong Jun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDue to the use of corrugated steel plate in the web, the torsional performance of the beam body will be weakened to a certain extent. In this paper, the Hamiltonian-Jacobian equation is used to analyze the torsion of the corrugated steel web composite box girder. The Lagrangian function of the system is obtained by taking the warping function and the relative torsion angle of the cross-section as the two generalized coordinates, and the Hamiltonian-Jacobian equation for the torsion problem is established by using the regular transformation. The accuracy of the proposed method is verified by comparing the obtained results with the literature values, and the fact that the torsional performance of the beam is weakened by using corrugated steel plate is verified by using the results of this paper.
The Impact of Lean Construction Tools on Environmental Sustainability in Morocco: A Structured Survey Analysis
Authors: Bajjou Mohamed Saad , Arabi Salma , Chafi Anas 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis study explores the influence of Lean Construction (LC) techniques on environmental sustainability in the Moroccan construction industry. Known for minimizing waste and maximizing value in production systems, LC not only holds promise for improving efficiency and competitiveness but also has the potential to address environmental concerns. This study aims to fill this gap by assessing how LC can contribute to the environmental performance in Morocco based on a survey by structured questionnaire involving 330 Moroccan construction professionals. The methodology includes a comprehensive survey and analysis using SPSS V26.0. Key findings indicate a significant positive impact of LC on environmental performance, particularly in reducing material use, energy consumption, pollutant release, and non-product output. Notably, non-product output emerged as the most significantly influenced factor by LC practices. The study also reveals a differential impact of LC based on organizational characteristics, with distinct influences observed between contractors and consultants, especially in pollutant releases. These insights underscore the potential of LC in fostering environmental sustainability within the Moroccan construction sector. This survey is crucial for a more holistic understanding of LC’s impact, aligning with global environmental goals and the specific needs of the Moroccan construction industry.
Research on Existing Bridges Rapid Load-Lifting Technology with UHPC in Highways Reconstruction and Expansion Projects
Authors: Shi Jintao , Chen Zhijiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThere are a large number of small and medium-span bridges in the highway reconstruction and expansion projects. These bridges have been used for at least 20 years. Due to the design according to the old code the ultimate bearing capacity is generally insufficient after the reconstruction and expansion. This paper selects hollow-core slab bridges that account for more than 80% of the reconstruction and expansion projects as the research object, carefully evaluates the specific reasons for the insufficient bearing capacity of small and medium-span bridges, designs a plan for rapid loading-lifting of existing bridges, and uses theoretical analysis. Then, the comprehensive method of finite element calculation analyzes and studies on the reinforced bridge’s bearing capacity. The research shows that the existing small and medium-span bridges in the reconstruction and expansion project are mainly manifested by insufficient shear-bearing capacity after the load is improved. Using the bridge deck to add the UHPC cast-in-place layer (participating in the structural internal force) can effectively improve the existing old bridge Shear resistance capacity, and UHPC cast-in-situ layer shear reinforcement efficiency is much greater than that of ordinary concrete.
Research on the Cooling Effect of Environmentally Friendly Semi-flexible Pavement Material
Authors: Hong Dan , Liu Dan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe article studies the cooling mechanism of environmentally friendly semi-flexible pavement by studying the cooling by evaporation of water in the mortar to take away the latent heat of the pavement to form a natural and environmentally friendly water retention and cooling effect. Using a large pore matrix asphalt mixture filled with water retention mortar, simulated indoor sunlight irradiation warming to 60 ℃ after artificial sprinkling and natural rainfall test method, recorded the asphalt mixture with different void ratio and different grouting amount of specimens before and after the grouting matrix asphalt mixture to do the temperature reduction comparison. The results show that: environmentally friendly semi-flexible pavement materials compared to ordinary asphalt mixture with high reflectivity, less heat absorption, water retention and cooling effect is obvious, to alleviate the urban heat island effect has a certain role in promoting the cooling effect with the size of the void rate or the amount of grouting is positively proportional to the size of the grout.
Periodic Mist Spray's Dynamic Effect on Outdoor Micro-environment and Thermal Perception
Authors: Wang Pin , Lu Sumei , Wu Xiaowei , Tian Jun , Li Ning 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMist spraying is an active cooling technology to alleviate heat stress during hot summers. There is no clear conclusion as to when mist spray should be used and its cooling potential in hot-humid regions yet. A periodic mist spraying system was set up, and environmental measurements coupled with questionnaire surveys were conducted, investigating the dynamic effect of spraying on the micro-environment and thermal perception. The results showed that elevated ambient temperatures could lead to a more substantial cooling impact, with a maximum cooling value of 5.68 ℃. The increase in thermal comfort due to the mist outweighed the decrease in thermal sensation. The study indicated that the mist spray system should be activated if the ambient temperature reached 32.5 ℃. Spraying could help local residents maintain a physiological state close to slightly hot and neutral comfort when the ambient temperature exceeded 34℃. The findings provide valuable guidance for the application of mist spray system in practical engineering scenarios in hot-humid areas.
The geometry of GTPs and 5d SCFTs
Authors: Arias-Tamargo Guillermo , Franco Sebastián , Rodríguez-Gómez Diego 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
We make progress in understanding the geometry associated to the Generalized Toric Polygons (GTPs) encoding the Physics of 5d Superconformal Field Theories (SCFTs), by exploiting the connection between Hanany-Witten transitions and the mathematical notion of polytope mutations. From this correspondence, it follows that the singular geometry associated to a GTP is identical to that obtained by regarding it as a standard toric diagram, but with some of its resolutions frozen in way that can be determined from the invariance of the so-called period under mutations. We propose the invariance of the period as a new criterion for distinguishing inequivalent brane webs, which allows us to resolve a puzzle posed in the literature. A second mutation invariant is the Hilbert Series of the geometry. We employ this invariant to perform quantitative checks of our ideas by computing the Hilbert Series of the BPS quivers associated to theories related by mutation. Lastly, we discuss the physical interpretation of a mathematical result ensuring the existence of a flat fibration over ℙ1 interpolating between geometries connected by mutation, which we identify with recently introduced deformations of the corresponding BPS quivers.
A new gauge-theoretic construction of the 4-dimensional hyperkähler ALE spaces
Authors: Yan Jiajun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractNon-compact hyperkähler spaces arise frequently in gauge theory. The 4-dimensional hyperkähler ALE spaces are a special class of complete non-compact hyperkähler spaces. They are in one-to-one correspondence with the finite subgroups of SU(2) and have interesting connections with representation theory and singularity theory, captured by the McKay Correspondence. The 4-dimensional hyperkähler ALE spaces are first classified by Peter Kronheimer via a finite-dimensional hyperkähler reduction. In this paper, we give a new gauge-theoretic construction of these spaces. More specifically, we realize each 4-dimensional hyperkähler ALE space as a moduli space of solutions to a system of equations for a pair consisting of a connection and a section of a vector bundle over an orbifold Riemann surface, modulo a gauge group action. The construction given in this paper parallels Kronheimer’s original construction and hence can also be thought of as a gauge-theoretic interpretation of Kronheimer’s construction of these spaces.
A robust multi-objective optimization algorithm for accurate parameter estimation for solar cell models
Authors: Singla Manish Kumar , Gupta Jyoti , Alsharif Mohammed H. , Kim Mun-Kyeom , Aljaidi Mohammad , Safaraliev Murodbek 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe accuracy of solar cell models is crucial for enhancing the performance of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, existing solar cell models lack precise parameters, and the manufacturer's datasheet does not provide the required information for reliable modeling. Consequently, accurate parameter estimation becomes necessary. This paper presents a simple multi-objective optimization algorithm (Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Rat Search Algorithm (PSORSA)) designed to estimate cell parameters based on this observation. Unlike other optimization algorithms addressing this issue, the proposed algorithm aims to overcome challenges related to local minima and premature convergence, which often lead to suboptimal results. The paper focuses on assessing the reliability of the proposed algorithm by comparing its performance with other well-known optimization algorithms. The proposed optimizing algorithm is tested on the CEC 2019 benchmark function. Experimental results (RMSE), including statistical analysis, validate the algorithm's effectiveness by comparing them with other algorithms. At the end, non-parametric test is performed to justify the outcomes, vouching for the better performance of the proposed algorithm. The findings demonstrate that the proposed algorithms are particularly well-suited for estimating solar PV models. With its simple structure and high accuracy, the proposed algorithm exhibits great potential for various applications in the field of solar energy. Moreover, its computational efficiency and ease of implementation further contribute to its practicality.
Verwertungsstrategien für Wärmedämmverbundsysteme mit expandiertem Polystyrol
Authors: von Lützau E. , Flamme S. , Walter G. 
Published: July 2024

ZusammenfassungWärmedämmverbundsysteme (WDVS) bestehen aus einem Verbund aus mineralischen und dämmenden Komponenten und werden seit den 1960er-Jahren hauptsächlich mit expandiertem Polystyrol (EPS) als Dämmstoff verwendet. Aufgrund der langen Lebensdauer von WDVS fallen Abfälle erst Jahrzehnte nach dem Einbau an. Aktuell lässt sich ein Anstieg des WDVS-Abfallaufkommens in Deutschland beobachten, welcher sich noch mehrere Jahrzehnte fortsetzen wird.Die derzeitigen Entsorgungsmöglichkeiten für diese Abfälle sind jedoch begrenzt. Müllverbrennungsanlagen (MVA), die derzeit den Status quo der Entsorgung darstellen, sind ausgelastet und deren Anlagentechnik ist für diese Abfälle nicht ausgelegt. Dies erhöht den Bedarf, neue Verwertungswege für EPS-haltige WDVS-Abfälle zu erschließen. Zudem wird bereits heute durch geltende rechtliche Bestimmungen, wie dem Kreislaufwirtschaftsgesetz, eine hochwertige, insbesondere stoffliche Verwertung gefordert.Zwei vielversprechende alternative Entsorgungsstrategien sind die stofflich-energetische Verwertung in Zementwerken und das physikalisch-chemische Recycling von EPS durch PolyStyreneLoop. In Zementwerken kann das heizwertreiche EPS als Sekundärbrennstoff energetisch genutzt werden. Die mineralische Komponente dient als Rohstoffersatz und wird in den Zementklinker eingebunden, wodurch Primärrohstoffe eingespart werden können. Umfangreiche Untersuchungen und erste Großversuche haben die technische Machbarkeit bestätigt.PolyStyreneLoop zielt vornehmlich auf das Recycling des in WDVS enthaltenen EPS ab. Obwohl dieser Ansatz noch nicht etabliert ist, könnte er zukünftig in Kombination mit der stofflichen Verwertung der mineralischen WDVS-Komponenten in Zementwerken eine umfassende Entsorgungslösung darstellen.Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden im IWARU im Rahmen eines Forschungsvorhabens alternative Verwertungsstrategien mithilfe einer Modellierung hinsichtlich ihrer ökologischen und ökonomischen Vorteilhaftigkeit gegenüber dem Status quo bewertet. Die Modellierungen zeigen, dass die genannten Strategien sowohl unter ökologischen (hier CO2-Emissionen) als auch wirtschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten Vorteile bieten.