bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing MOND using the dynamics of nearby stellar streams
Authors: Koop Orlin , Helmi Amina 
Published: June 2024

Context. The stellar halo of the Milky Way is built up at least in part from debris from past mergers. The stars from these merger events define substructures in phase space, for example in the form of streams, which are groups of stars that move on similar trajectories. The nearby Helmi streams discovered more than two decades ago are a well-known example. Using 6D phase-space information from the Gaia space mission, recent work showed that the Helmi streams are split into two clumps in angular momentum space. This substructure can be explained and sustained in time if the dark matter halo of the Milky Way takes a prolate shape in the region probed by the orbits of the stars in the streams.
Aims. Here, we explore the behaviour of the two clumps identified in the Helmi streams in a modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) framework to test this alternative model of gravity.
Methods. We performed orbit integrations of Helmi streams member stars in a simplified MOND model of the Milky Way and using the more sophisticated phantom of RAMSES simulation framework.
Results. We find with both approaches that the two Helmi streams clumps do not retain their identity and dissolve after merely 100 Myr. This extremely short timescale would render the detection of two separate clumps very unlikely in MONDian gravity.
Conclusions. The observational constraints provided by the streams, which MOND fails to reproduce in its current formulation, could potentially also be used to test other alternative gravity models.
Three super-Earths and a possible water world from TESS and ESPRESSO
Authors: Hobson M. J. , Bouchy F. , Lavie B. , Lovis C. , Adibekyan V. , Allende Prieto C. , Alibert Y. , Barros S. C. C. , Castro-González A. , Cristiani S. , D’Odorico V. , Damasso M. , Di Marcantonio P. , Dumusque X. , Ehrenreich D. , Figueira P. , Génova Santos R. , Gilbert E. A. , González Hernández J. I. , Lillo-Box J. , Lo Curto G. , Martins C. J. A. P. , Mehner A. , Micela G. , Molaro P. , Nunes N. J. , Palle E. , Pepe F. , Rebolo R. , Rodrigues J. , Santos N. , Sousa S. G. , Sozzetti A. , Suárez Mascareño A. , Tabernero H. M. , Udry S. , Zapatero Osorio M.-R. , Armstrong D. J. , Ciardi D. R. , Collins K. A. , Collins K. I. , Everett M. , Gandolfi D. , Howell S. B. , Jenkins J. M. , Kielkopf J. , Livingston J. H. , Lund M. B. , Mireles I. , Ricker G. R. , Schwarz R. P. , Seager S. , Tan T.-G. , Ting E. B. , Winn J. N. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Since 2018, the ESPRESSO spectrograph at the VLT has been hunting for planets in the southern skies via the radial velocity (RV) method. One of its goals is to follow up on candidate planets from transit surveys such as the TESS mission, with a particular focus on small planets for which ESPRESSO’s RV precision is vital.
Aims. We aim to confirm and characterise, in detail, three super-Earth candidate transiting planets from TESS using precise RVs from ESPRESSO.
Methods. We analysed photometry from TESS and ground-based facilities, high-resolution imaging, and RVs from ESPRESSO, HARPS, and HIRES, to confirm and characterise three new planets: TOI-260 b, transiting a late K dwarf, and TOI-286 b and c, orbiting an early K dwarf. We also updated the parameters for the known super-Earth TOI-134 b (L 168-9 b), which is hosted by an M dwarf.
Results. TOI-260 b has a 13.475853−0.000011+0.000013 d period, 4.23 ± 1.60 M⊕ mass, and 1.71 ± 0.08 R⊕ radius. For TOI-286 b we find a 4.5117244−0.0000027+0.0000031 d period, 4.53 ± 0.78 M⊕ mass, and 1.42 ± 0.10 R⊕ radius; for TOI-286 c, we find a 39.361826−0.000081+0.000070 d period, 3.72 ± 2.22 M⊕ mass, and 1.88 ± 0.12 R⊕ radius. For TOI-134 b we obtain a 1.40152604−0.00000082+0.00000074 d period, 4.07 ± 0.45 M⊕ mass, and 1.63 ± 0.14 R⊕ radius. Circular models are preferred for all the planets, although for TOI-260 b the eccentricity is not well constrained. We computed bulk densities and placed the planets in the context of composition models.
Conclusions. TOI-260 b lies within the radius valley, and is most likely a rocky planet. However, the uncertainty on the eccentricity and thus on the mass renders its composition hard to determine. TOI-286 b and c span the radius valley, with TOI-286 b lying below it and having a likely rocky composition, while TOI-286 c is within the valley, close to the upper border, and probably has a significant water fraction. With our updated parameters for TOI-134 b, we obtain a lower density than previous findings, giving a rocky or Earth-like composition.
Hommage à Étienne Guyon
Authors: Hulin Jean-Pierre , Pieranski Pawel , Fermigier Marc , Bico José , Reyssat Étienne , Roman Benoît , Fadel Kamil , Bénard Christine , Leduc Michèle , Counillon Christian 
Published: June 2024

Étienne Guyon nous a quittés en juillet dernier. Au cours de sa carrière, il a eu une diversité impressionnante d’activités liées aux sciences comme aux lettres, à la recherche comme à l’enseignement et à la diffusion scientifique.
Les articles du présent dossier abordent quelques facettes de cette diversité : chercheur à Orsay puis à l’ESPCI, auteur de 200 articles dans des revues internationales et de nombreux livres, directeur du Palais de la découverte puis de l’École normale supérieure, membre et président particulièrement actif de la Société Française de Physique.
Kontinuierliche Nierenersatztherapie
Authors: Bethke Nicole , Khadzhynov Dmytro 
Published: June 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGZusammenfassend stellt die kontinuierliche Nierenersatztherapie (CKRT: „continuous kidney replacement therapy“) eine sichere Option der Nierenersatztherapie (KRT) dar. Durch die lokale Wirksamkeit der zitratbasierten Antikoagulation wird eine systemische Antikoagulation vermieden und das Blutungsrisiko reduziert. Ebenso ermöglicht die Verwendung der regionalen Antikoagulation eine unkomplizierte Anpassung an spezifische klinische Gegebenheiten. Dennoch ist es wichtig, den Elektrolythaushalt während der CKRT sorgfältig zu überwachen, um potenzielle Überdosierungen und mögliche Komplikationen zu minimieren sowie die Effektivität des Verfahrens zu gewährleisten. In diesem Artikel geben wir einen Überblick über die am häufigsten auftretenden Komplikationen während der CKRT-Anwendung, wobei der Fokus auf der Optimierung und Fehlerbehebung von Antikoagulation und Elektrolytstörungen liegt – letztlich Faktoren, die die Sicherheit und Effektivität des Verfahrens maßgeblich definieren.
Remission of refractory esophageal lichen planus induced by tofacitinib
Authors: Bieneck Valentina , Decker Annegrit , Schmitt-Graeff Annette , Kreisel Wolfgang , Schauer Franziska 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs of now, there exists no established therapy for ELP. Retinoids, which are standard in treating cutaneous LP, do not exhibit positive effects in ELP. While topical glucocorticosteroids often yield favorable responses in esophageal inflammation, some cases prove recalcitrant or refractory. In such instances, various immunosuppressive therapies have been attempted with variable success.This report details a severe case of ELP that showed resistance to prednisolone, acitretin, alitretinoin, adalimumab, tacrolimus, hydroxychloroquine plus mycophenolate mofetil, and cyclophosphamide. The initiation of the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib induced an impressive clinical, endoscopic, and histological remission. This positive response to a JAK inhibitor is discussed in the context of our evolving understanding of the immune-mediated pathogenesis of this disease.
Integrative Genetic Variation, DNA Methylation, and Gene Expression
Analysis of Escitalopram and Aripiprazole Treatment Outcomes in Depression: A
CAN-BIND-1 Study
Authors: Islam Farhana , Lisoway Amanda , Oh Edward S. , Fiori Laura M. , Magarbeh Leen , Elsheikh Samar S. M. , Kim Helena K. , Kloiber Stefan , Kennedy James L. , Frey Benicio N. , Milev Roumen , Soares Claudio N. , Parikh Sagar V. , Placenza Franca , Hassel Stefanie , Taylor Valerie H. , Leri Francesco , Blier Pierre , Uher Rudolf , Farzan Faranak , Lam Raymond W. , Turecki Gustavo , Foster Jane A. , Rotzinger Susan , Kennedy Sidney H. , Müller Daniel J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction Little is known about the interplay between genetics and
epigenetics on antidepressant treatment (1) response and remission, (2) side
effects, and (3) serum levels. This study explored the relationship among single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), DNA methylation (DNAm), and mRNA levels of four
pharmacokinetic genes, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and
ABCB1, and its effect on these outcomes.
Methods The Canadian Biomarker Integration Network for Depression-1
dataset consisted of 177 individuals with major depressive disorder treated for
8 weeks with escitalopram (ESC) followed by 8 weeks with ESC monotherapy or
augmentation with aripiprazole. DNAm quantitative trait loci (mQTL), identified
by SNP-CpG associations between 20 SNPs and 60 CpG sites in whole blood, were
tested for associations with our outcomes, followed by causal inference tests
(CITs) to identify methylation-mediated genetic effects.
Results Eleven cis-SNP-CpG pairs (q<0.05) constituting four
unique SNPs were identified. Although no significant associations were observed
between mQTLs and response/remission, CYP2C19 rs4244285 was associated
with treatment-related weight gain (q=0.027) and serum concentrations of
ESCadj (q<0.001). Between weeks 2-4, 6.7% and 14.9% of
those with *1/*1 (normal metabolizers) and *1/*2 (intermediate metabolizers)
genotypes, respectively, reported ≥2 lbs of weight gain. In contrast, the *2/*2
genotype (poor metabolizers) did not report weight gain during this period and
demonstrated the highest ESCadj concentrations. CITs did not indicate
that these effects were epigenetically mediated.
Discussion These results elucidate functional mechanisms underlying the
established associations between CYP2C19 rs4244285 and ESC
pharmacokinetics. This mQTL SNP as a marker for antidepressant-related weight
gain needs to be further explored.
The Addition of α-Hydroxy-benzylphosphonates to Dialkyl Acetyl­enedicarboxylates; Catalytic Hydrogenation of the Adducts
Authors: Milen Mátyás , Keglevich György , Bese Cintia , Kovács Csenge , Dancsó András 
Published: June 2024

Abstractα-Hydroxy-benzylphosphonates obtained by the Pudovik reaction of substituted benzaldehydes and dialkyl phosphites were added to the triple bond of dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates. Optimum conditions involved a 24 hours stirring in the presence of 10% diazabicycloundecene in dichloromethane to afford the adducts as a mixture of predominant E- and a minor Z-isomers in 75–90% yields after flash chromatography. The structures of the geometrical isomers were confirmed by NOE- and ROE-measurements. Catalytic hydrogenation of the olefinic moiety of the adducts led to the diastereoisomers of corresponding saturated derivatives.
Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Colon Cancer: New Frontiers
Authors: Pumpalova Yoanna S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe have made steady gains in improving overall survival in patients with metastatic, unresectable, colon cancer in the last 5 to 10 years. The backbone of systemic treatment for most patients remains combination chemotherapy, but the field is becoming increasingly biomarker driven, with exciting new targeted therapies on the horizon. This review is organized in sections corresponding to currently relevant biomarkers in colon cancer and will summarize first-, second-, and third-line standard of care for metastatic, unresectable, colon cancer. The last section is intended to introduce the reader to promising agents and novel therapeutic strategies currently under investigation.
Flexible automated system for laser modified layer by layer assembly
Authors: Leake Kaelyn , Eberbach Tristan , Stensland Alexander , Watts Lauren , Yochum Hank 
Published: June 2024

An open-source automated system for laser modified layer by layer assembly is described. This flexible system, the first designed to be used with this process, can be used to fabricate a range of laser patterned, layer by layer thin films. The Arduino microcontroller-based system features a stepper motor-controlled turntable that holds solutions and water rinses for dipping. The substrate can be moved vertically to be dipped into each of the solutions throughout the process. A semiconductor laser is used to modify the thickness of the thin film during the chosen dipping cycles. Several aspects of the robotic system are easily controlled via software, including the average laser power, irradiation time, horizontal laser position, and vertical substrate position. The system is fully automated and, once started, does not require any user interaction. To demonstrate the capability of the automated system for patterning, electrochromic thin film devices using 50-bilayer laser patterned films using the polymers poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and sodium poly[2-(3-thienyl)-ethoxy-4-butylsulfonate] are presented. One device is patterned with the shape of a large “C,” created by irradiating the sample (55 mW average power, 405 nm) while the substrate was moved vertically up and down or the laser was moved horizontally. The laser irradiates the sample during only the dipping in the polycation polymer solution. A second electrochromic thin film device is based on a sample with five parallel laser patterned lines, where each line is fabricated with different average laser powers and, hence, different thicknesses. The thicknesses of the lines vary by about 30 nm.
Unveiling a common phase transition pathway of high-density amorphous ices through time-resolved x-ray scattering
Authors: Yang Cheolhee , Ladd-Parada Marjorie , Nam Kyeongmin , Jeong Sangmin , You Seonju , Eklund Tobias , Späh Alexander , Pathak Harshad , Lee Jae Hyuk , Eom Intae , Kim Minseok , Perakis Fivos , Nilsson Anders , Kim Kyung Hwan , Amann-Winkel Katrin 
Published: June 2024

Here, we investigate the hypothesis that despite the existence of at least two high-density amorphous ices, only one high-density liquid state exists in water. We prepared a very-high-density amorphous ice (VHDA) sample and rapidly increased its temperature to around 205 ± 10 K using laser-induced isochoric heating. This temperature falls within the so-called “no-man’s land” well above the glass-liquid transition, wherein the IR laser pulse creates a metastable liquid state. Subsequently, this high-density liquid (HDL) state of water decompresses over time, and we examined the time-dependent structural changes using short x-ray pulses from a free electron laser. We observed a liquid–liquid transition to low-density liquid water (LDL) over time scales ranging from 20 ns to 3 μs, consistent with previous experimental results using expanded high-density amorphous ice (eHDA) as the initial state. In addition, the resulting LDL derived both from VHDA and eHDA displays similar density and degree of inhomogeneity. Our observation supports the idea that regardless of the initial annealing states of the high-density amorphous ices, the same HDL and final LDL states are reached at temperatures around 205 K.
Kodama-like vector fields in axisymmetric spacetimes
Authors: Dorau Philipp , Verch Rainer 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We extend the concept of the Kodama symmetry, a quasi-local time translation symmetry for dynamical spherically symmetric spacetimes, to a specific class of dynamical axisymmetric spacetimes, namely the families of Kerr–Vaidya and Kerr–Vaidya–de Sitter spacetimes. We study some geometrical properties of the asymptotically flat Kerr–Vaidya metric, such as the Brown–York mass and the Einstein tensor. Furthermore, we propose a generalization of the Kerr–Vaidya metric to an asymptotic de Sitter background. We show that for these classes of dynamical axisymmetric black hole spacetimes, there exists a timelike vector field that exhibits similar properties to the Kodama vector field in spherical symmetry. This includes the construction of a covariantly conserved current and a corresponding locally conserved charge, which in the Kerr–Vaidya case converges to the Brown–York mass in the asymptotically flat region.
Uniqueness and numerical method for phaseless inverse diffraction grating problem with known superposition of incident point sources
Authors: Niu Tian , Lv Junliang , Gao Jiahui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we establish the uniqueness of identifying a smooth grating profile with a mixed boundary condition (MBC) or transmission boundary conditions (TBCs) from phaseless data. The existing uniqueness result requires the measured data to be in a bounded domain. To break this restriction, we design an incident system consisting of the superposition of point sources to reduce the measurement data from a bounded domain to a line above the grating profile. We derive reciprocity relations for point sources, diffracted fields, and total fields, respectively. Based on Rayleigh’s expansion and reciprocity relation of the total field, a grating profile with a MBC or TBCs can be uniquely determined from the phaseless total field data. An iterative algorithm is proposed to recover the Fourier modes of grating profiles at a fixed wavenumber. To implement this algorithm, we derive the Fréchet derivative of the total field operator and its adjoint operator. Some numerical examples are presented to verify the correctness of theoretical results and to show the effectiveness of our numerical algorithm.
Neutron-absorption gratings fabricated by ultrasound-assisted filling method based on gadolinium particles
Authors: Lei Yaohu , Li Xiqi , Wei Chi , Li Zhuozhao , Xu Guiwen , Liu Xin , Huang Jianheng , Wang Shengxiang , Li Ji 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Neutron differential phase-contrast imaging (DPCI) plays a pivotal role in analyzing magnetic domain structures and field gradients in materials, necessitating high-quality neutron absorption gratings for enhanced fringe contrast. Traditional fabrication techniques, typically filling gadolinium (Gd) or Gd-containing materials into the corresponding grating structures, face challenges in achieving optimal Gd filling ratios and thickness, limiting the neutron DPCI system’s performance. This paper introduces an approach utilizing ultrasound-assisted filling method to introduce Gd particles into grating trenches with dense deposition, achieving an absorption grating period of 42 μm. This method achieves an equivalent Gd thickness of 80.3 μm, corresponding to the filling ratio of 53.53%, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray micro-imaging. The utilization of an ultrasound not only improves the Gd filling ratio, but also suggests potential scalability for large-area grating production, marking a significant advancement in neutron DPCI technology by providing high-quality components.
Manufacturing fused silica hemispherical resonators using polymer glass suspension and replication molding
Authors: Atwa Yahya , Shakeel Hamza 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This work introduces a new method for manufacturing fused silica (FS)-based hemispherical resonators (HSRs) using a printable polymer glass mixture and replication molding. This process involves 3D printing to create the mold, followed by the casting of a photo-reactive pre-polymer glass mixture. This technique allows us to produce complex 3D geometries and offers faster production of resonators compared to other traditional methods. In this study, we manufactured three devices and successfully identified resonance modes with two (N = 2), three (N = 3) and four (N = 4) nodes/antinodes in all three HSRs, demonstrating the repeatability of our new manufacturing method. The highest quality factor of 482 k was achieved for the N = 3 resonance mode using the ring-down method. Some of the key advantages of our method include producing multiple devices efficiently with relatively good surface quality, making it a viable option for producing high-precision devices in the future. Our new fabrication technique results in a device surface roughness of ∼100 nm (measured over an area of 250 μm × 250 μm) and manufacturing yield of over 90%. Moreover, all the steps involved in this method can be completed outside of a specialized cleanroom environment.
Advanced defect spectroscopy in wide-bandgap semiconductors: review and recent results
Authors: Fregolent Manuel , Piva Francesco , Buffolo Matteo , Santi Carlo De , Cester Andrea , Higashiwaki Masataka , Meneghesso Gaudenzio , Zanoni Enrico , Meneghini Matteo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The study of deep-level defects in semiconductors has always played a strategic role in the development of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Deep levels have a strong impact on many of the device properties, including efficiency, stability, and reliability, because they can drive several physical processes. Despite the advancements in crystal growth, wide- and ultrawide-bandgap semiconductors (such as gallium nitride and gallium oxide) are still strongly affected by the formation of defects that, in general, can act as carrier traps or generation-recombination centers (G-R). Conventional techniques used for deep-level analysis in silicon need to be adapted for identifying and characterizing defects in wide-bandgap materials. This topical review paper presents an overview of reviews of the theory of deep levels in semiconductors; in addition, we present a review and original results on the application, limits, and perspectives of two widely adopted common deep-level detection techniques, namely capacitance deep-level transient spectroscopy and deep-level optical spectroscopy, with specific focus on wide-bandgap semiconductors. Finally, the most common traps of GaN and β-Ga2O3 are reviewed.
Intrinsic and extrinsic relaxation mechanisms for controlling spin current intensity in Fe

100
−

x

Co

x

/Ta bilayers
Authors: Velázquez Rodriguez D , Gómez J E , Avilés-Félix L , Ampuero Torres J L , Torres T E , Pérez Martínez A A , Morbidel L , Goijman D , RojasSánchez J C , Aguirre M H , Milano J , Butera A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Controlling the damping parameter in metallic ferromagnetic thin films is a key step for spintronic applications in which spin currents are generated by spin pumping. The coexistence of two states with low and high damping constant values would allow to obtain states of high and low spin current intensity, respectively. We have fabricated Fe

100
−
x

Co
x
/Ta (with nominal x = 0, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35) bilayers in which the Fe

100
−
x

Co
x
layers grow epitaxially and the Ta layer is polycrystalline. We have found the coexistence of Gilbert damping and two magnon scattering mechanisms linked to a sign change in the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant that allows the manipulation of low and high intensity states of the measured inverse spin Hall effect voltage. Bilayers with lower Co concentrations (

x
⩽

25%) present different relaxation mechanisms (isotropic Gilbert damping and two magnon scattering) and an extra ferromagnetic resonance linewidth broadening produced due to mosaicity. Bilayers with Co concentration

x
>

25% present a dominating Gilbert damping for all directions in the film plane. However, in this concentration range the damping constant is anisotropic and when the magnetic field is applied along the hard magnetization direction α increases ∼420% with respect to the value obtained for the easy magnetization direction. Coexistence of isotropic Gilbert damping and two magnon scattering generated spin currents 2.5 times larger when the field is applied along the hard magnetization axis compared to the value observed in the easy magnetization axis. Thesefindings make the Fe

100
−
x

Co
x
/Ta system an excellent candidate for spintronic device applications.