bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptualisation of health among young people: a protocol for systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies
Authors: Metsis Katrin , Inchley Joanna , Williams Andrew James , Vrahimis Sebastian , Brown Lamorna , Sullivan Frank 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Self-reported health is a widely used health indicator in surveys and questionnaires. The measure gained attention when research identified its association with mortality in the 1970s and 1980s. The measure is also associated with morbidity and other health outcomes such as the utilisation of health services. Self-reported health is a particularly useful measure for young people because this age group is generally clinically healthy. However, it is known that many chronic conditions have long latency periods that are initiated early in life. Because of its predictive nature, self-reported health can be used to estimate young people’s current and future health. Despite its widespread use, however, self-reported health remains a poorly understood concept. This paper presents the protocol for a systematic review that will identify and synthesise qualitative studies that investigate the factors that are considered by young people when they assess their health, and when they talk about health overall.

Methods
The population of the review is young people aged 10–24 years, with or without health conditions. We will search the databases of MEDLINE (Ovid®), PsycINFO (APA PsycNet), ProQuest Sociology Collection, and Web of Science Core Collection™. We will also utilise techniques of reference checking and forward citation searching, as this strategy has been shown to result in a higher number of high-quality studies in social science systematic reviews. Google Scholar and Google Search were used during preliminary searches; Google Scholar will be utilised for forward citation searching. We will include studies written in English, German, or Finnish; there will be no lower date limit. One reviewer will screen all citations. A second reviewer will independently screen a sample of 20% of the abstracts. Data will be extracted by one researcher, two other researchers will independently review all data extracted, and quality appraisal will be completed by the first reviewer. We will utilise the Quality Framework for the appraisal of included articles and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies.

Discussion
The results of this systematic review will improve the understanding of the factors that are considered during the self-assessments of health; this will improve the interpretation of the results of quantitative research. Also, an improved understanding of the conceptualisation of health will inform the development of health policies and interventions that support young people’s health.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42022367519.
Comparative effectiveness of ultrathin vs. standard strut drug-eluting stents: insights from a large-scale meta-analysis with extended follow-up
Authors: Hassan Ahmed , Amin Ahmed Mazen , Gadelmawla Ahmed Farid , Mansour Ahmed , Mostafa Hamed Abdelma’aboud , Desouki Mariam Tarek , Naguib Mostafa Mahmoud , Ali Bilal , Siraj Aisha , Suppah Mustafa , Hakim Diaa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Newer generation ultrathin strut stents are associated with less incidence of target lesion failure (TLF) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the short term. However, its long-term effect on different cardiovascular outcomes remains unknown.

Objectives
We aim to identify the effects of newer-generation ultrathin-strut stents vs. standard thickness second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) on long-term outcomes of revascularization in coronary artery disease.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library databases, and Scopus for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and registries that compare newer-generation ultrathin-strut (< 70 mm) with thicker strut (> 70 mm) DES to evaluate cardioprotective effects over a period of up to 5 years. Primary outcome was TLF, a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (TVMI) or target lesion revascularization (TLR). Secondary outcomes included the components of TLF, stent thrombosis (ST), and all-cause death were pooled as the standardized mean difference between the two groups from baseline to endpoint.

Results
We included 19 RCTs and two prospective registries (103,101 patients) in this analysis. The overall effect on the primary outcome was in favor of second-generation ultrathin struts stents in terms of TLF at ≥ 1 year, ≥ 2 years, and ≥ 3 years (P value = 0.01, 95% CI [0.75, 0.96]), P value = 0.003, 95% CI [0.77, 0.95]), P value = 0.007, 95% CI [0.76, 0.96]), respectively. However, there was no reported benefit in terms of TLF when we compared the two groups at ≥ 5 years (P value = 0.21), 95% CI [0.85, 1.04]). Some of the reported components of the primary and secondary outcomes, such as TLR, target vessel revascularization (TVR), and TVMI, showed the same pattern as the TLF outcome.

Conclusion
Ultrathin-strut DES showed a beneficial effect over thicker strut stents for up to 3 years. However, at the 5-year follow-up, the ultrathin strut did not differ in terms of TLF, TLR, TVR, and TVMI compared with standard-thickness DES, with similar risks of patient-oriented composite endpoint (POCE), MI, ST, cardiac death, and all-cause mortality.
A quantitative research on climate resilience in coastal airports from the perspective of adaptation
Authors: Chen Yuxiu , Yang Shiqi , Yu Jian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBecause of its distinct function and geographic conditions, the impact of climate change on the operation, safety, and income of airports in coastal areas is becoming increasingly significant. The measurement of climate resilience can help identify priority needs and measures to adapt to climate change, which is a crucial step in developing an aviation adaptation plan. At present, the concept of climate resilience is relatively complex and lacks a clear uniformity of composition, which has made it challenging to effectively support the development of adaptation strategies. Based on the definition of climate resilience, our first step was to construct an evaluation system for coastal airports to visually represent the level of climate resilience. Next, in this study, we introduced a coupling coordination and obstacle degree model to analyze the coordinated development and key drivers of climate resilience, which could be used to develop a targeted improvement strategy based on the calculation results. In the future, additional measures can be combined from the natural environment, socioeconomics, governance capacity, and climate change risk to enhance the capacity development of the aviation industry to address climate change and foster the establishment of a sustainable development model between the industry and the environment.
Exploring whether ChatGPT-4 with image analysis capabilities can diagnose osteosarcoma from X-ray images
Authors: Ren Yi , Guo Yusheng , He Qingliu , Cheng Zhixuan , Huang Qiming , Yang Lian 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe generation of radiological results from image data represents a pivotal aspect of medical image analysis. The latest iteration of ChatGPT-4, a large multimodal model that integrates both text and image inputs, including dermatoscopy images, histology images, and X-ray images, has attracted considerable attention in the field of radiology. To further investigate the performance of ChatGPT-4 in medical image recognition, we examined the ability of ChatGPT-4 to recognize credible osteosarcoma X-ray images. The results demonstrated that ChatGPT-4 can more accurately diagnose bone with or without significant space-occupying lesions but has a limited ability to differentiate between malignant lesions in bone compared to adjacent normal tissue. Thus far, the current capabilities of ChatGPT-4 are insufficient to make a reliable imaging diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Therefore, users should be aware of the limitations of this technology.
Diet at birth is critical for healthy growth, independent of effects on the gut microbiota
Authors: van den Elsen Lieke J. W. , Rekima Akila , Lynn Miriam A. , Isnard Charlotte , Machado Savannah , Divakara Nivedithaa , Patalwala Diana , Middleton Alana , Stevens Natalie , Servant Florence , Burcelin Remy , Lynn David J. , Verhasselt Valerie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Colostrum is the first milk for a newborn. Its high content in microbiota shaping compounds and its intake at the time of gut microbiota seeding suggests colostrum may be critical in the establishment of a healthy microbiota. There is also accumulating evidence on the importance of the gut microbiota for healthy growth. Here, we aimed to investigate the contribution of colostrum, and colostrum-induced microbiota to growth promotion. Addressing this question is highly significant because (1) globally, less than half of the newborns are fully colostrum fed (2) the evidence for the importance of the microbiota for the prevention of undernutrition has only been demonstrated in juvenile or adult pre-clinical models while stunting already starts before weaning.

Results
To address the importance of diet at birth in growth failure, we developed a unique mouse model in which neonates are breastfed by mothers at an advanced stage of lactation who no longer provide colostrum. Feeding newborn mice with mature milk instead of colostrum resulted in significant growth retardation associated with the biological features of chronic undernutrition, such as low leptin levels, dyslipidemia, systemic inflammation, and growth hormone resistance. We next investigated the role of colostrum in microbiota shaping. At the end of the lactation period, we found a major difference in gut microbiota alpha diversity, beta diversity, and taxa distribution in control and colostrum-deprived mice. To determine the causal relationship between changes in microbiota and growth trajectories, we repeated our experiment in germ-free mice. The beneficial effect of colostrum on growth remained in the absence of microbiota.

Conclusion
Our data suggest that colostrum may play an important role in the prevention of growth failure. They highlight that the interplay between neonatal gut microbiome assembly and diet may not be as crucial for growth control in the developing newborn as described in young adults. This opens a paradigm shift that will foster research for colostrum’s bioactives that may exert a similar effect to microbiota-derived ligands in promoting growth and lead to new avenues of translational research for newborn-tailored prevention of stunting.
The impact of lockdown on child adjustment: a propensity score matched analysis
Authors: Weng Wanjuan , Liu Mowei , Wang Shumin , Li Xiaoyun , Zhang Jinghui , Fu Yuke , Dong Chuanmei , Li Yan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has had an inestimable impact worldwide, challenging the daily lives and interactions of children and their families. In 2022, Shanghai implemented a three-month lockdown in response to an acceleration of positive cases during the pandemic period. This restrictive policy provided insight into the impact of the lockdown on children's social adjustment and the role of parent–child conflict during this process. Mothers of preschool-aged children participated in this study and completed the Chinese version of Child-Parent Relationship Scale (CPRS) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method, two matched groups were formed: pre-lockdown group and post-lockdown group, with a total of 574 preschoolers (N = 297 in each group; Mage = 4.36, SD = 0.86) were recruited. The results showed that the lockdown directly impacted children's emotional symptoms. Additionally, the parent–child conflict mediated relationship between the lockdown and children's adjustment. Specifically, parent–child conflict deteriorated children's emotional symptoms, hyperactivity-attention problems, and prosocial behaviors. These findings highlight the significant impact of the severe lockdown on children's social adjustment and the role of parent–child interactions during this period.
The influence of religious attachment on intended political engagement among lower-secondary students
Authors: Ainley John , Schulz Wolfram 
Published: July 2024

AbstractReligious attachment has been identified as an important correlate of civic participation, civic engagement, and civil participation among adults. This study investigates two aspects of relationships between religiosity and intended political engagement among lower secondary school students in 2009 and 2016. One aspect is the extent to which religious attachment is associated with an endorsement of the influence of religion in society. This can be viewed as the converse of secularity which asks for the separation of social and political institutions from religion. A second aspect investigated is the extent to which religious attachment is associated with expected adult electoral participation and expected adult active political participation after controlling for the effects of other characteristics. While the results from this study show no strong or consistent relationships between religious background and expected political participation among lower-secondary students, findings suggest that young people’s endorsement of religious influence in society depends strongly on their religious background and in turn shows associations with expected active political participation.
Uncovering the role of the subcommissural organ in early brain development through transcriptomic analysis
Authors: González Maryori , Maurelia Felipe , Aguayo Jaime , Amigo Roberto , Arrué Rodrigo , Gutiérrez José Leonardo , Torrejón Marcela , Farkas Carlos , Caprile Teresa 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
The significant role of embryonic cerebrospinal fluid (eCSF) in the initial stages of brain development has been thoroughly studied. This fluid contains crucial molecules for proper brain development such as members of the Wnt and FGF families, apolipoproteins, and retinol binding protein. Nevertheless, the source of these molecules remains uncertain since they are present before the formation of the choroid plexus, which is conventionally known as the primary producer of cerebrospinal fluid. The subcommissural organ (SCO) is a highly conserved gland located in the diencephalon and is one of the earliest differentiating brain structures. The SCO secretes molecules into the eCSF, prior to the differentiation of the choroid plexus, playing a pivotal role in the homeostasis and dynamics of this fluid. One of the key molecules secreted by the SCO is SCO-spondin, a protein involved in maintenance of the normal ventricle size, straight spinal axis, neurogenesis, and axonal guidance. Furthermore, SCO secretes transthyretin and basic fibroblast growth factor 2, while other identified molecules in the eCSF could potentially be secreted by the SCO. Additionally, various transcription factors have been identified in the SCO. However, the precise mechanisms involved in the early SCO development are not fully understood.

Results
To uncover key molecular players and signaling pathways involved in the role of the SCO during brain development, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis comparing the embryonic chick SCO at HH23 and HH30 stages (4 and 7 days respectively). Additionally, a public transcriptomic data from HH30 entire chick brain was used to compare expression levels between SCO and whole brain transcriptome. These analyses revealed that, at both stages, the SCO differentially expresses several members of bone morphogenic proteins, Wnt and fibroblast growth factors families, diverse proteins involved in axonal guidance, neurogenic and differentiative molecules, cell receptors and transcription factors. The secretory pathway is particularly upregulated at stage HH30 while the proliferative pathway is increased at stage HH23.

Conclusion
The results suggest that the SCO has the capacity to secrete several morphogenic molecules to the eCSF prior to the development of other structures, such as the choroid plexus.
The Biomechanical Influence of Step Width on Typical Locomotor Activities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wang Yuan , Mei Qichang , Jiang Hanhui , Hollander Karsten , Van den Berghe Pieter , Fernandez Justin , Gu Yaodong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Step width is a spatial variable in the frontal plane, defined as the mediolateral distance between the heel (forefoot during sprinting) of bilateral feet at initial contact. Variations in step width may impact the lower limb biomechanics. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the published findings to determine the influence of acute changes in step width on locomotion biomechanics and provide implications for injury prevention and enhanced sports performance.

Methods
Literature was identified, selected, and appraised in accordance with the methods of a systematic review. Four electronic databases (Web of Science, MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect) were searched up until May 2023 with the development of inclusion criteria based on the PICO model. Study quality was assessed using the Downs and Black checklist and the measured parameters were summarized.

Results
Twenty-three articles and 399 participants were included in the systematic review. The average quality score of the 23 studies included was 9.39 (out of 14). Step width changed the kinematics and kinetics in the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes of the lower limb, such as peak rearfoot eversion angle and moment, peak hip adduction angle and moment, knee flexion moment, peak knee internal rotation angle, as well as knee external rotation moment. Alteration of step width has the potential to change the stability and posture during locomotion, and evidence exists for the immediate biomechanical effects of variations in step width to alter proximal kinematics and cues to impact loading variables.

Conclusion
Short-term changes in step width during walking, running, and sprinting influenced multiple lower extremity biomechanics. Narrower step width may result in poor balance and higher impact loading on the lower extremities during walking and running and may limit an athlete’s sprint performance. Increasing step width may be beneficial for injury rehabilitation, i.e., for patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome, iliotibial band syndrome or tibial bone stress injury. Wider steps increase the supporting base and typically enhance balance control, which in turn could reduce the risks of falling during daily activities. Altering the step width is thus proposed as a simple and non-invasive treatment method in clinical practice.
Vitamin D deficiency in patients with retinal vein occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Daneshvar Kimia , Akhlaghi Mohammadreza , Iranpour Shila , Irajpour Matin , Pourazizi Mohsen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
This review aims to substantiate the correlation between vitamin D and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) within the medical literature.

Method
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Embase until December 10th, 2023. A meticulous literature search was undertaken to identify and analyze all observational-analytical papers reporting vitamin D levels in RVO patients. The principal outcome measures centered on the comparative assessment of vitamin D levels between patients with RVO (cases) and those devoid of RVO (controls). The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42024499853).

Results
A total of six relevant studies consisting of 589 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results indicated a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of RVO (Odds ratio = 14.51; 95% CI: [1.71, 122.59], P = 0.014); and patients with RVO exhibited a significant decrease in serum vitamin D levels by 1.91ng/mL (95% CI: [-2.29, -1.54], P < 0.001). Moreover, there was no significant difference observed in vitamin D levels between central RVO (CRVO) and branch RVO (BRVO) subtypes (P = 0.63).

Conclusion
RVO patients have more vitamin D deficiency than healthy controls. These results contribute to the growing body of evidence highlighting the intricate role of vitamin D supplementation as both a prophylactic and a treatment strategy in RVO.

PROSPERO registration identifier
: CRD42024499853.
Age estimation from the sternal end of left fourth rib in the Nepalese population
Authors: Shrestha Rijen , Krishan Kewal , Kanchan Tanuj 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background
Forensic anthropological examinations help in identification of unidentified human remains. This study aims to establish population-specific standards for age estimation from the sternal ends of left fourth ribs in the Nepalese population. A quantitative, observational study was conducted on 387 Nepalese deceased (106 females, 281 males) between November 2021 and March 2023. Left fourth ribs were collected, macerated and examined for the study. The variables examined included pit depth, pit shape, rim and wall configurations and rib phase.

Results
Pit depth significantly predicted age, β = 0.642, t(385) = 16.42, p < 0.001. Pit depth also explained a significant proportion of variance in age, R2 = 0.41, F(1, 385) = 269.54, p < 0.001. The age estimates from pit depth stage were 7–36 (stage 0), 7–49 (stage 1), 16–51 (stage 2), 10–58 (stage 3), 22–70 (stage 4) and 32–81 (stage 5). Age estimates for pit shape were 17–20 (stage 0), 13–48 (stage 2), 15–55 (stage 3), 24–68 (stage 4) and 39–82 (stage 5). Age estimates for rim and wall configurations were 17–20 (stage 0), 13–47 (stage 2), 17–53 (stage 3), 24–68 (stage 4) and 40–82 (stage 5). Similarly, age estimates for rib phase were 17–20 (phase 0), 18–20 (phase 1), 13–46 (phase 2), 18–50 (phase 3), 23–60 (phase 4), 32–71 (phase 5), 50–76 (phase 6), 44–81 (phase 7) and 62–85 (phase 8). The study also examined the use of transitional analysis to develop posterior probability distributions for estimation of age using rib phases.

Conclusion
This study found significant differences in the age estimates from previous studies and shows the importance of developing population-specific models for use in forensic anthropology.
Trans-splenic percutaneous glue embolization of bleeding gastric varices in the setting of malignant sinistral portal hypertension
Authors: Zhao Ken , Son Sam Y. , Sarkar Debkumar , Santos Ernesto G. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSinistral portal hypertension, also known as left-sided portal hypertension, is a rare cause of gastric variceal bleeding which occurs secondary to occlusion of the splenic vein. We present a case of venous occlusion and sinistral portal hypertension secondary to distal pancreatic cancer requiring treatment of gastric variceal bleeding. After failing conservative management, transvenous intervention was attempted, but a venous communication with the gastric varices was unable to be identified on multiple venograms. A percutaneous trans-splenic approach using a 21-G needle and ultrasound guidance was successful in directly accessing an intraparenchymal vein feeding the gastric varices, and glue embolization was performed directly through the access needle with excellent results.