bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring biomedical applications with silver and copper nanotechnology
Authors: Li Xue‐Qian , Xie Shao‐Lei , Xie Hui‐Dong , Shen Meng‐Qi , Ma Zhen‐Hui , Liu Hu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe overuse and misuse of antibiotics has accelerated the emergence of bacterial resistance, making the treatment of common infections increasingly difficult and challenging. This has led to a rise in infection rates, worsened patient outcomes, and heightened mortality risks. In response, researchers have been exploring new antimicrobial strategies, with metal nanomaterials of controllable shape and size gaining significant attention for their unique antibacterial properties. Among these, silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) nanomaterials (NMs) stand out for their wide applications in biomedical materials due to their effective antimicrobial mechanisms when used as drugs. Ag and Cu NMs, exemplifying metal biomaterials, showcase broad‐spectrum antibacterial capabilities, durable antimicrobial effects, low toxicity, and reduced likelihood of developing drug resistance. Moreover, they are known to promote angiogenesis, making them exceptionally suitable for biomaterial applications. This review underscores the significance of Ag and Cu NMs in the biomedical sector, detailing their applications and the promising role they play as medical materials. Our aim is to encourage further exploration and utilization of Ag and Cu NMs in biomaterials and industrial production sectors.
Nuclei and Tracts in the Telencephalon of Crocodiles: Identification and Characterization Using an Organizational Scheme Applicable to Other Reptiles
Authors: Pritz Michael B. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTThe telencephalon of reptiles has been suggested to be the key to understanding the evolution of the forebrain. Nevertheless, a meaningful framework to organize the telencephalon in any reptile has, with rare exception, yet to be presented. To address this gap in knowledge, the telencephalon was investigated in two species of crocodiles. A variety of morphological stains were used to examine tissue in transverse, horizontal, and sagittal planes of sections. Besides providing a description of individual nuclei, brain parts were organized based on two features. One was related to two fixed, internal structures: the lateral ventricle and the dorsal medullary lamina. The other was the alignment of neurons into either layers, cortex, or not, nucleus. Viewed from this perspective, all structures, with limited exceptions, could be accurately placed within the telencephalon regardless of the plane of section. Furthermore, this framework can be applied to other reptiles. A further extension of this scheme suggests that all structures in the telencephalon could be grouped into one of two categories: pallial or basal.
Growth Mediated Disassembly of Cucurbit[8]uril Cross‐linked Static Cubic Self‐assembly of Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Dalal Sancharika , Sadhu Kalyan K. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStatic self‐assembly resides in thermodynamically stable global minima of the energy landscape, whereas dynamic self‐assembly occupies local minima of the energy profile and remains in the ordered state for a limited time via dissipation of energy to surroundings. This makes the spatiotemporal control over the assembly and disassembly mechanism easily controllable in the case of dynamic self‐assembly. However, due to the higher thermal stability of static self‐assembly, it is very challenging to perform reverse engineering on these types of systems. Herein we report growth reaction‐based reversal of static silver cubes obtained via cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) crosslinked self‐assembly of silver nanoparticles (AgNP). The AgNP building units with variable CB[8] surface coverage have been used as seeds onto which deposition of gold via growth reaction has been performed. The disassembly of supracube structure has been controlled by the formation of [AuCl4]−–CB[8] complex and successive reduction of [AuCl4]− to Au0 on the surface of the seed. The resulting monodispersed isotropic nanoparticles, formed from the CB[8] based cubic self‐assembly after growth, exhibit Au−Ag bimetallic nature. Quenching of the fluorogenic response from the hydrophobic dye coumarin‐7, added after growth, suggests direct interaction with the metallic nanoparticle surface after disassembly and thereby confirms successful growth reaction mediated reversal of self‐assembly.
Global regularity for critical SQG in bounded domains
Authors: Constantin Peter , Ignatova Mihaela , Nguyen Quoc‐Hung 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe prove the existence and uniqueness of global smooth solutions of the critical dissipative SQG equation in bounded domains in . We introduce a new methodology of transforming the single nonlocal nonlinear evolution equation in a bounded domain into an interacting system of extended nonlocal nonlinear evolution equations in the whole space. The proof then uses the method of the nonlinear maximum principle for nonlocal operators in the extended system.
Boosting the Formation of Brønsted Acids on Flame‐made WOx/ZrO2 for Glucose Conversion
Authors: Zhang Wenwen , Wang Zichun , Marianov Aleksei , Zhu Yuxiang , Wang Lizhuo , Castignolles Patrice , Gaborieau Marianne , Baiker Alfons , Huang Jun , Jiang Yijiao 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTungstate‐zirconium oxide catalysts (WOx/ZrO2) with much higher concentrations of Brønsted acid sites (BAS) and a bigger ratio of Brønsted to Lewis acid sites (B/L) than achievable by conventional impregnation (IM) were synthesized using single‐step flame spray pyrolysis (FSP). The rapid quenching and short residence time inherent to FSP prevent the accumulation of W atoms on the ZrO2 support and thus provide an excellent surface dispersion of WOx species. As a result, FSP‐made WOx/ZrO2 (FSP‐WOx/ZrO2) has a much higher surface concentration of three‐dimensional Zr‐WOx clusters than corresponding materials prepared by conventional impregnation (IM‐WOx/ZrO2). The coordination of W‐OH to the unsaturated Zr4+ sites in these clusters results in a remarkable decrease of the concentration of Lewis acid sites (LAS) on the surface of ZrO2 and promotes the formation of bridging W−O(H)‐Zr hydroxyl groups acting as BAS. FSP‐WOx/ZrO2 possesses ~80 % of BAS and a B/L ratio of around 4, while IM‐WOx/ZrO2 exhibits ~50 % BAS and a B/L ratio of around 1. These catalysts were evaluated in the dehydration of glucose to 5‐hydroxylmethylfurfural (HMF). The catalytic study demonstrated that the B/L ratio plays a crucial role in glucose conversion, virtually independent of the total acidity of the catalysts. The best catalyst, FSP‐WOx/ZrO2 with a W/Zr ratio of 1/10 affords nearly 100 % glucose conversion and an HMF selectivity of 56–69 %, comparable to some homogenous catalysts.
Discrepancies between the stated contents and analytical findings for electronic cigarette liquid products: Identification of the new cannabinoid, Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabihexol acetate
Authors: Watanabe Shimpei , Murakami Takaya , Muratsu Seiji , Fujiwara Hiroyuki , Nakanishi Toshio , Seto Yasuo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA number of synthetic cannabinoids have been appearing in the recreational drug market for more than a decade. Recent additions are so‐called semi‐synthetic cannabinoids, and they structurally closely resemble the main psychoactive component of cannabis, Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol. Knowledge of new (semi‐)synthetic cannabinoids is essential to help identify them in authentic forensic case samples. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine two commercially available electronic cigarette liquid products claiming to contain cannabinoids and characterize the structures of the main compounds. The liquid products were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), GC–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (GC‐QTOF‐MS), and liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS). In product A, typical cannabinoids (cannabidiol, cannabigerol, and cannabinol) and terpenes (α‐caryophyllene and β‐caryophyllene) were identified by comparison with reference materials. An unknown peak was isolated by semi‐preparative high‐performance LC, analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and identified to be Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabihexol acetate (Δ9‐THCH‐O). To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of the identification of Δ9‐THCH‐O in commercially available products. Another compound estimated as cannabihexol acetate was also detected. In product B, cannabidiol, cannabinol, α‐caryophyllene, and β‐caryophyllene were identified, while two unknown peaks were estimated as tetrahydrocannabidiol isomers. Despite products A and B being labeled to contain “60% HHCPM” and “80% 10‐OH‐HHC,” respectively, no such compounds were detected. The findings of this study could help detect Δ9‐THCH‐O in case samples and highlight the need to keep monitoring commercial products to identify new drugs, while warning that the package labels cannot be trusted.
Population genomics and distribution modeling revealed the history and suggested a possible future of the endemic Agave aurea (Asparagaceae) complex in the Baja California Peninsula
Authors: Klimova Anastasia , Gutíerrez‐Rivera Jesús , Ortega‐Rubio Alfredo , Eguiarte Luis E. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAgaves are an outstanding arid‐adapted group of species that provide a unique chance to study the influence of multiple potential factors (i.e., geological and ecological) on plant population structure and diversification in the heterogeneous environment of the Baja California Peninsula. However, relatively little is known about the phylogeography of the endemic agave species of this region. Herein, we used over 10,000 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and spatial data from the Agave aurea species complex (i.e., A. aurea ssp. aurea, A. aurea ssp. promontorii, and A. aurea var. capensis) to resolve genetic relationships within this complex and uncover fine‐scale population structure, diversity patterns, and their potential underlying drivers. Analyses resolved low genetic structure within this complex, suggesting that A. aurea is more likely to represent several closely related populations than separate species or varieties/subspecies. We found that geographical and historical ecological characteristics—including precipitation, latitude, and past climatic fluctuations—have played an important role in the spatial distribution of diversity and structure in A. aurea. Finally, species distribution modeling results suggested that climate change will become critical in the extinction risk of A. aurea, with the northernmost population being particularly vulnerable. The low population genetic structure found in A. aurea is consistent with agave's life history, and it is probably related to continuity of distribution, relatively low habitat fragmentation, and dispersion by pollinators. Together, these findings have important implications for management and conservation programs in agave, such as creating and evaluating protected areas and translocating and augmentation of particular populations.
Niche modelling and landscape genetics of the yellow‐legged hornet (Vespa velutina): An integrative approach for evaluating central–marginal population dynamics in Europe
Authors: Herrera Cayetano , Pinto M. Alice , Leza Mar , Alemany Iris , Jurado‐Rivera José A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractGenetic diversity is an important biological trait for a successful invasion. During the expansion across a new territory, an invasive species may face unprecedented ecological conditions that will determine its demography and genetic diversity. The first record of the yellow‐legged hornet (Vespa velutina) in Europe dates back to 2004 in France, from where it has successfully spread through a large territory in the continent, including Italy, Spain and Portugal. Integrative approaches offer a powerful strategy to detect and understand patterns of genetic variation in central and marginal populations. Here, we have analysed the relationship between genetic diversity parameters inferred from 15 V. velutina nuclear DNA microsatellite loci, and geographical and environmental drivers, such as the distance to the introduction focus, environmental suitability and distance to native and invasive niche centroids. Our results revealed a central–marginal dynamic, where allelic richness decreased towards the edge of the expansion range. The low environmental suitability of the territories invaded by marginal populations could prevent a diverse population from establishing and reducing the genetic diversity in populations at the expansion edge. Moreover, Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis showed both geographical and environmental distances were influencing population genetic differentiation. This study highlights the importance of combining genetic analysis with geographical and environmental drivers to understand genetic trends of invasive species to new environment.
Both movements and breeding performance are affected by individual experience in the Bonelli's eagle Aquila fasciata
Authors: Viollat Lise , Millon Alexandre , Ponchon Cécile , Ravayrol Alain , Couturier Thibaut , Besnard Aurélien 
Published: July 2024

AbstractMovement is a key behaviour to better understand how individuals respond to their environment. Movement behaviours are affected by both extrinsic factors that individuals face, such as weather conditions, and intrinsic factors, such as sex and experience. Because of the energy costs it entails, movement behaviours can have direct consequences on an individual's demographic parameters—and ultimately on population dynamics. However, the relationship between extrinsic factors, intrinsic factors, daily movement behaviour and demographic parameters such as breeding performance is poorly known, in particular for central place forager territorial species. We investigated here the link between movement behaviours and breeding performance of the French population of Bonelli's eagle (Aquila fasciata), a territorial and sedentary long‐lived raptor, and how this link may depend on extrinsic and intrinsic factors. By using data from annual monitoring of breeding performance for the population and GPS tracking of 48 individuals (26 males and 22 females), we found that the breeding performance of this population was mainly driven by whether a new individual was recruited into the territory, and only slightly by weather conditions. Movement behaviours (proportion of time in flight, range of movement and straightness of trajectories) showed large between‐individual variation. Those behaviours were related with weather conditions (wind and rainfall) at a daily scale, as well as with individual's experience. We found only one significant correlation between movements and breeding performance: male Bonelli's eagles spending more time flying during chick‐rearing phase had lower productivity. Movement behaviours and breeding performance were also indirectly linked through individual's experience, with more experienced birds having better breeding success and a shorter range of movement and spent less time in flight. This suggests that experienced individuals progressively acquire knowledge of their breeding territory, are more efficient in finding prey, and adapt their foraging strategies to weather conditions to minimise energy costs, allowing them higher breeding performance.
Spatiotemporal variations of groundwater and gully impact in two peatland watersheds in the Upper Yellow River, Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau
Authors: Li Zhiwei , Zhou Bingyu , Guo Xiwei , Gao Peng , Chen Bang , Tian Shimin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe spatiotemporal variability of groundwater level is an important property of peatland hydrology that directly alternates water storage. Nonetheless, the current understanding of the variations of groundwater level over long periods of time remains limited. In this study, we investigated two peatland watersheds (0.151 km2 for Watershed 1 and 0.844 km2 for Watershed 2) in the Zoige Basin in the upper watershed of the Yellow River to monitor temporal variability of groundwater level using self‐recorded water loggers over 4 years (2017–2021). The main results demonstrate that (1) groundwater level variations were controlled by gully drainage in sites adjacent to the gully but were more affected by rainfall in sites distant from the gully. The groundwater level near the gully downcut was lower than that near the gully without complete downcutting through the pear layer, with a maximum difference of 58.3 cm, indicating the longitudinal effect of groundwater level in the watershed. (2) Because the rainfall had a lag effect on the groundwater level, the length of lag gradually decreased with increased rainfall intensity (i.e., the lag time for sites distant from the gully was about 18 min shorter than that of sites close to the gully in Watershed 1). (3) The peak values of the groundwater level occurred simultaneously with the maximum and minimum rainfall in Watershed 2, and the peak occurrence time was related to the ratio of precipitation to evaporation. In the downstream sites, the groundwater level fluctuated more than the upstream ones in Watershed 2. Moreover, the average groundwater level in the upstream sites was 14.3 cm higher than that of the middle ones, indicating a decreasing trend of water storage along the gully. (4) The differences in groundwater level between wet and dry seasons were clear, but the difference was smaller in the upstream sites due to limited gully incision and higher water storage within the peat layer. Additionally, groundwater level changes were more extreme on rainy days during both the wet and dry seasons, but the different intensities of rainfall resulted in stable groundwater in the dry season and an oscillating groundwater level in the wet season in Watershed 2. This study uncovers the groundwater dynamics in the two peatland watersheds, which is of great significance for understanding runoff variation, ecohydrological processes, and wetland shrinkage.
Synthesis of BODIPY Oligomers Via Post‐Functionalization
Authors: Zhao Mengna , Shen Hangqi , Zhou Yifeng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSynthesis of BODIPY oligomers has attracted increasing attention due to their intriguing properties and promising applications. Significant progress has been made to synthesize BODIPY oligomers via post‐functionalization, either single‐bond linked or fully conjugated. This concept article highlights the recent developments of BODIPY oligomers, including the synthetic routes, their photophysical properties and applications in the areas of NIR light absorbing dye, photodynamic therapy, and bioimaging etc.
Amyloid‐based functional materials and their application in flexible sensors
Authors: Wu Yage , Zhang Jiqing , Li Ling , Zhao Jian , Yang Peng 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFlexible electronic devices have garnered increasing attention for their applications in wearable devices, biomedical systems, soft robots, and flexible displays. However, the current sensors face limitations regarding low sensitivity, poor stability, and inadequate adhesion bonding between stimuli‐responsive functional materials and flexible substrates. To overcome these challenges and enable the further development of sensor devices, surface modification of stimuli‐responsive materials with amyloid aggregates has emerged as a promising approach to enhance functionality and create superior multifunctional sensors. This review presents recent research advancements in the flexible sensors based on protein amyloid aggregation. The article begins by explaining the basic principles of protein amyloid aggregation, followed by outlining the process of preparing 1D to 3D amyloid‐based composite materials. Finally, it discusses the utilization of protein amyloid aggregation as a surface modification technique for developing flexible sensors. Based on this foundation, we identify the shortcomings associated with protein amyloid aggregate composites and propose possible solutions to address them. We believe that comprehensive investigations in this area will expedite the development of high‐performance flexible sensors with high sensitivity, high structural stability, and strong interface adhesion, especially the implantable flexible sensors for health monitoring.
Flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene 10‐oxide derivative/zinc molybdate sepiolite modified acrylate emulsion
Authors: Liu Yong , Zhang Tao , Geng Xin‐xi , Liao Xiang 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAcrylate emulsion is widely used in various industrial fields and is an important polymer emulsion. However, the high flammability limits its application. Besides, acrylate emulsion generally releases a large amount of smoke during combustion. To improve the fire resistance and smoke suppression properties of acrylate emulsions, methyl methacrylate‐butyl acrylate copolymer P(MMA‐BA)/DOPO‐based polymerizable monomer (HEPO)/zinc molybdate sepiolite (Mo‐Sep) composite emulsion was prepared by emulsion polymerization, and the effect of Mo‐Sep content on the flame‐retardant performance, thermal stability, and smoke suppression performance of the composite emulsion was studied. Through microcalorimeter and smoke density meter tests, it was found that the heat release rate (HRR) of the composite emulsion, added with 30% HEPO/3% Mo‐Sep, was reduced by 63.3%, and the peak heat release rate (PHRR) was reduced by 72.1%. The total heat release (THR) is reduced by 49.0%, while the peak‐specific optical density is reduced by 48.0%. It shows that the composite emulsion has excellent flame‐retardant and smoke suppression properties compared to pure MAA‐BA emulsion. In addition, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show that the addition of Mo‐Sep increases the density of carbon residue. This composite emulsion may have potential application scenarios in the field of flame‐retardant coatings.
Novel organoids mode evaluating the food nutrition and safety: Current state and future prospects
Authors: Tan Fengling , Cui Pengfei , Li Siting , Tan Yingxia , Ma Aijin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFood nutrition and safety are the cornerstones of food industry, and appropriate research models are crucial. Unlike traditional animal models, the novel organoid model with unique humanization and genome stability has attracted great attentions in food research. However, there lacks systematic review on the application of organoids in food research. This review compared the organoid model with traditional animal and two‐dimensional cell models, followed by a systemic evaluation of the organoid model in food nutrition and safety regarding foodborne pathogenic bacteria, functional food factors, toxicology, flavor perception, and so on. Furthermore, emerging micromachining technologies such as microfluidic technology and three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting were analyzed to improve the microenvironment and maturity of organoids. Although organoids overcome some shortcomings associated with traditional models, there are still some challenges to simulate the in vivo microenvironment fully. The development direction of organoids is integrating advanced technologies such as microfluidic technology, novel biomaterial scaffold, and 3D bioprinting with multi‐organ coculture technology and multi‐scale real‐time monitoring systems. The innovative development of organoid technology is expected to provide a theoretical basis for developing future foods represented by cell‐cultured meat and synthetic biological foods and for the research of food nutrition and safety.