bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the ergodic secrecy capacity and secrecy outage probability of the MIMOME Rayleigh wiretap channel
Authors: Guerreiro Andre Saito , Fraidenraich Gustavo , Souza Richard Demo 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we study the multiple‐input multiple‐output multiple‐eavesdropper wiretap channel in the nonergodic and ergodic scenarios, both with stationary Rayleigh distributed fading channels. For the ergodic scenario, we derive a new closed‐form expression for the ergodic secrecy capacity with full channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) of the main and the eavesdropper channels, allowing the covariance matrix to be time‐varying. A lower bound for the ergodic capacity with full CSIT, in which the covariance matrix is fixed for the entire transmission period is also derived. The first expression is restricted to the high signal‐to‐nose ratio (SNR) limit, with nt transmit antennas, nr receive antennas
and ne=nt eavesdropper antennas (nt×nr×nt setup). The second expression is restricted to the nt×nt×nt antenna setup. For the nonergodic scenario, we derive a new closed‐form expression for the secrecy outage probability in the high SNR limit, in a 2 × nr×2 setup with
. We are also able to calculate an upper bound for the secrecy outage probability in other antenna setups. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A simple hybrid finite volume solver for compressible turbulence
Authors: Chakravarthy V. Kalyana , Arora K. , Chakraborty D. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryA simple, explicit, hybrid finite volume method for simulating compressible turbulence is developed by combining a fourth‐order central scheme and a shock‐capturing simple low‐dissipation advection upstream splitting method. The total flux on each of the cell faces is computed as a weighted average of central/nondissipative and upwind/dissipative fluxes. The weights are determined using an unphysical oscillation sensor in addition to a more traditional discontinuity sensor used in earlier studies. Shocks are well captured, but overshoots in density are predicted around contact discontinuities that are normal to the flow. The use of the latter sensor effectively prevents these overshoots from generating spurious oscillations that travel away from the contact lines. The efficacy of the proposed method for direct or large‐eddy simulations of supersonic turbulence is established using several canonical test problems. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An improved near‐wall modeling for large‐eddy simulation using immersed boundary methods
Authors: Kang Seokkoo 
Published: February 2015

SummaryAn improved near‐wall modeling for large‐eddy simulation using the immersed boundary method is proposed. It is shown in this study that the existing near‐wall modeling for the immersed boundary (IB) methods that imposes the velocity boundary condition at the IB node is not sufficient to enforce a correct wall shear stress at the IB node. A new method that imposes a shear stress condition through the modification of the subgrid scale‐eddy viscosity at the IB node is proposed. In this method, the subgrid eddy viscosity at the IB node is modified such that the viscous flux at the face adjacent to the IB node correctly approximates the total shear stress. The method is applied to simulate the fully developed turbulent flows in a plane channel and a circular pipe. It is demonstrated that the new method improves the prediction of the mean velocity and turbulence stresses in comparison with the existing wall modeling based solely on the velocity boundary condition. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Fabrication Conditions on the Crystallinity, Barium Deficiency, and Conductivity of BaZr0.8Y0.2O3–δ Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition
Authors: Bae H. , Lee Y. , Kim K. J. , Choi G. M. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractYttrium‐doped barium zirconate (BZY) thin films were deposited on MgO and sapphire substrates using a pulsed‐laser deposition (PLD) method with varying deposition rates. The films deposited with a low deposition rate exhibited highly oriented microstructures with little grain boundaries. The electrical conductivities of these films were higher than those of the films, deposited with high deposition rates, which showed little‐oriented polycrystalline microstructure. While the films deposited on the MgO substrates had a stoichiometric composition, those deposited on the sapphire substrates had a high barium deficiency, which was possibly due to the differences in the crystal structure and large lattice mismatch between the sapphire substrate and the BZY film. The electrical conductivity of the highly oriented BZY film, grown on MgO substrate with a low deposition rate, showed little barium deficiency and the highest conductivity value that is higher than the typical conductivity of sintered pellets.
Humidity and Temperature Cycling Effects on Cracks and Delaminations in PEMFCs
Authors: Banan R. , Zu J. , Bazylak A. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractTemperature and relative humidity (hygrothermal) cycles during PEM fuel cell operation can lead to the introduction and exacerbation of micro‐scale mechanical defects. We developed a two‐dimensional finite element model based on cohesive zone theory to describe the delamination propagation at the cathodic membrane/catalyst layer interface due to temperature and hygrothermal duty cycles. Particularly, the effects of hygrothermal cycle amplitudes, relative humidity (RH) distribution profiles, and gas flow channel position were studied. It was found that doubling the hygrothermal cycle amplitude resulted in a 6‐fold increase in fatigue stresses, and a defect length growth to 0,1 mm before reaching the end of the fuel cell life (40,000 cycles). A counter intuitive result was also observed, whereby a crack located within the membrane was found to grow faster than a delamination located at the catalyst layer/membrane interface. When introducing an anode/cathode channel offset, a 2‐fold increase in the rate of delamination propagation was found compared to the case with the aligned anode and cathode channels.
LEAP: Biomarker Inference Through Learning and Evaluating Association Patterns
Authors: Jiang Xia , Neapolitan Richard E. 
Published: February 2015

ABSTRACTSingle nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) high‐dimensional datasets are available from Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Such data provide researchers opportunities to investigate the complex genetic basis of diseases. Much of genetic risk might be due to undiscovered epistatic interactions, which are interactions in which combination of several genes affect disease. Research aimed at discovering interacting SNPs from GWAS datasets proceeded in two directions. First, tools were developed to evaluate candidate interactions. Second, algorithms were developed to search over the space of candidate interactions. Another problem when learning interacting SNPs, which has not received much attention, is evaluating how likely it is that the learned SNPs are associated with the disease. A complete system should provide this information as well. We develop such a system. Our system, called LEAP, includes a new heuristic search algorithm for learning interacting SNPs, and a Bayesian network based algorithm for computing the probability of their association. We evaluated the performance of LEAP using 100 1,000‐SNP simulated datasets, each of which contains 15 SNPs involved in interactions. When learning interacting SNPs from these datasets, LEAP outperformed seven others methods. Furthermore, only SNPs involved in interactions were found to be probable. We also used LEAP to analyze real Alzheimer's disease and breast cancer GWAS datasets. We obtained interesting and new results from the Alzheimer's dataset, but limited results from the breast cancer dataset. We conclude that our results support that LEAP is a useful tool for extracting candidate interacting SNPs from high‐dimensional datasets and determining their probability.
Do High Consumers of Sugar‐Sweetened Beverages Respond Differently to Price Changes? A Finite Mixture IV‐Tobit Approach
Authors: Etilé Fabrice , Sharma Anurag 
Published: February 2015

SummaryThis study compares the impact of sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs) tax between moderate and high consumers in Australia. The key methodological contribution is that price response heterogeneity is identified while controlling for censoring of consumption at zero and endogeneity of expenditure by using a finite mixture instrumental variable Tobit model. The SSB price elasticity estimates show a decreasing trend across increasing consumption quantiles, from −2.3 at the median to −0.2 at the 95th quantile. Although high consumers of SSBs have a less elastic demand for SSBs, their very high consumption levels imply that a tax would achieve higher reduction in consumption and higher health gains. Our results also suggest that an SSB tax would represent a small fiscal burden for consumers whatever their pre‐policy level of consumption, and that an excise tax should be preferred to an ad valorem tax. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two New Triterpenoid Saponins from Stauntonia obovatifoliolaHayata ssp. intermedia
Authors: Lu Xu‐Ran , Wang Xiao‐Min , Wang Zhi‐Min , Chen Xiao‐Qing , Wang Man‐Yuan , Gong Mu‐Xin 
Published: February 2015

AbstractTwo new hederagenin‐type saponins, staunoside G (1) and staunoside H (2), along with twelve known triterpenoid saponins, were isolated from stems of Stauntonia obovatifoliola Hayata ssp. intermedia. Their structures were determined by analysis of HR‐EI‐MS, and 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR data, and comparison with those in literature. The two new compounds showed moderate cytotoxicities against three tumor cells, i.e., A549 (lung carcinoma), 4T1 (mammary carcinoma), and HeLa (cervical carcinoma).
Synthesis of Aib‐ and Phe(2Me)‐Containing Cyclopentapeptides
Authors: Arnhold Franziska S. , Linden Anthony , Heimgartner Heinz 
Published: February 2015

AbstractSome recently described pentapeptides containing the α,α‐disubstituted α‐amino acids Aib and Phe(2Me) have been cyclized in DMF solution using diphenyl phosphorazidate (DPPA), O‐(1H‐benzotriazol‐1‐yl)‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetamethyluronium tetrafluoroborate/1‐hydroxybenzotriazole (TBTU/HOBt), and diethyl phosphorocyanidate (DEPC), respectively, to give the corresponding cyclopentapeptides in fair‐to‐good yields. In the case of peptides with L‐amino acids, and (R)‐ and (S)‐Phe(2Me), the yields differed significantly in favor of the L/(R) combination. The conformations in the crystals of cyclo(Gly‐Aib‐(R,S)‐Phe(2Me)‐Aib‐Gly) and cyclo(Gly‐(R)‐Phe(2Me)‐Pro‐Aib‐Gly) have been determined by X‐ray crystallography, leading to quite different results. In the latter case, the conformation in solution has been elucidated by NMR studies.
Bedload yields for sand‐bed streams in the Ngarradj Creek catchment, Northern Territory, Australia
Authors: Erskine Wayne D. , Saynor Mike J. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractBedload yields were calculated by 39 methods at the East Tributary gauge, nine methods at Upper Swift Creek gauge and 11 methods at Swift Creek gauge in the Ngarradj Creek catchment in northern Australia. These methods involved combining various significant bedload rating curves determined for a measured bedload data set for a 4‐year period with either the hourly or daily hydrographs or flow duration curves for the same period, 1 September 1998 to 31 August 2002. Bedload ratings were both statistically significant (ρ ≤ 0.05) and explained at least 60% of the variance in bedload flux. Bias corrections were used with all methods based on log10‐transformed ratings. Estimated mean annual bedload yields varied by three orders of magnitude at the East Tributary gauge and by two orders of magnitude at Upper Swift Creek and Swift Creek gauges. Hourly discharges usually produced higher estimated yields than daily discharges. The bedload rating‐flow duration curve technique overestimates yields and bias correction methods always produce even higher yields. Ratings using both immersed bedload weight and adjusted immersed bedload weight always under‐predicted yields because they contain an implicit threshold of motion condition that is at least four times greater than that predicted by Bagnold's threshold equation. Such a result questions the applicability of Bagnold's threshold equation to the Ngarradj Creek catchment. The best estimates of mean annual bedload yield at East Tributary, Upper Swift Creek and Swift Creek gauges are 600 ± 170 (SE), 1065 ± 150 and 1795 ± 270 t/year, respectively. © 2015 Commonwealth of Australia. Hydrological Processes © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Serglycin is part of the secretory repertoire of LPS‐activated monocytes
Authors: Kolseth Ingrid Benedicte M. , Reine Trine Marita , Vuong Tram Thu , Meen Astri Jeanette , Fan Qiong , Jenssen Trond Geir , Grønning‐Wang Line Mariann , Kolset Svein Olav 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMonocytes play multiple roles in the immune system, and are active in both acute and chronic diseases. Patients exposed to bacterial infections depend on monocytes in defense reactions, but excessive immune reactions may also cause morbidity through systemic inflammatory responses. Few studies have addressed the importance of proteoglycans, and in particular, the hematopoietic serglycin, in such monocyte immune reactions. Adherent primary monocytes were cultured in absence and presence of LPS. Media were analyzed by ELISA for detection of serglycin. Lysed cell fractions were used to determine the mRNA level of serglycin. Monocytes were also cultured on chamber slides to investigate if serglycin could be detected intracellularly by immunocytochemistry. Monocytes secreted serglycin, and LPS‐stimulation increased the secretion. Secretion of inflammatory cytokines increased to a larger extent than serglycin. mRNA levels of serglycin were also increased, suggesting both increased expression and secretion. Immunocytochemistry revealed the presence of serglycin in intracellular vesicles, many destined for secretion. Serglycin containing vesicles increased in number and size when the cells were exposed to LPS. Intracellular vesicle localization and secretion of the proteoglycan serglycin is shown for the first time in primary human monocytes. Monocyte activation by LPS increased the expression and secretion of serglycin, suggesting roles for serglycin in inflammatory processes.
Comparative study of RSV rescue from RSV‐transformed mammalian cells
Authors: Svoboda J. , Machala O. , Donner L. , Sovová V. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractAll individual heterokaryons obtained by fusion of cells of the five different mammalian RSV‐transformed virogenic cells with indicator chicken fibroblasts produced infectious RSV. In contrast, non‐virogenic mammalian cells derived from tumours which arose in mice injected with RSV did not give rise to infectious RSV, even when fused with chicken fibroblasts preinfected with three different “helper viruses”.Fusion of four lines of virogenic cells with mammalian fibroblasts as well as of virogenic Chinese hamster cells with chicken liver, mesonephros, thymus and macrophage cells did not lead to the formation of detectable RSV or RSV coat antigen. Similarly, experiments on complementation by mutual fusion of virogenic cells in five different crosses were negative. The presence of a “natural” Gs antigen in the indicator cells is not necessary for RSV rescue because the fusion of cells derived from Gs negative chicken and duck embryos with virogenic cells leads to the formation of infectious RSV.The results are discussed in relation to the specificity of the cells participating in the induction of RSV formation by cell fusion.
Cellular immunity to renal carcinomas in man
Authors: Bubeník J. , Jakoubková J. , Krákora P. , Barešová M. , Helbich P. , Viklický V. , Malasková V. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractA microassay in disposable tissue‐culture plates was used to demonstrate a cell‐mediated immune response against human renal adenocarcinomas. Leukocytes from 12 of the 19 patients with renal carcinoma were cytotoxic for autochthonous and allogeneic renal carcinoma cells in vitro. No reproducible cytotoxic effects were produced by leukocyte suspensions from patients with pulmonary or mammary carcinoma, or by leukocytes from healthy and non‐neoplastic control subjects. No cytotoxicity was observed when cells of unrelated tumours, mesothelioma and urinary bladder carcinoma were used as target cells for leukocytes from a patient who reacted positively against autochthonous renal carcinoma cells. The results indicate that human renal adenocarcinomas possess tumour‐associated antigens which cross‐react with each other. Cytological and electron microscopic characteristics of cultivated renal carcinoma cells are described.
Parameterization and Field Validation of Saltmed Model for Grain Amaranth Tested in South Italy
Authors: Pulvento C. , Riccardi M. , Lavini A. , D'Andria R. , Ragab R. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractGrain amaranth is an underutilized Andean crop characterized by interesting agronomic and qualitative traits and could represent an important food source in areas with salinity and drought problems like the Mediterranean region. Knowledge of crop growth parameters allows us to parameterize simulation models that are useful tools to study the adaptability of a crop to different environmental and management conditions. In this study, the SALTMED model has been parameterized, calibrated and evaluated for grain amaranth under Mediterranean conditions, with data from a field trial conducted during 2009–2010 in South Italy. The model evaluation was made using seed yield, dry matter and soil moisture data of amaranth irrigated with saline and fresh water. The simulation results showed a high degree of precision of SALTMED in the simulation of the hydrological processes at different soil depths, crop yield and dry matter under different agricultural practices. SALTMED can be used as a useful tool to optimize grain amaranth production in the Mediterranean region. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing Amaranth Adaptability in a Mediterranean Area of South Italy under Different Climatic Scenarios
Authors: Pulvento C. , Lavini A. , Riccardi M. , d'Andria R. , Ragab R. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe aim of the present work was to study the adaptability of amaranth in a typical Mediterranean environment of South Italy under changing climate scenarios. In a first stage, experimental data from a field trial conducted during 2009–2010 on the Volturno River Plain (Italy) with grain amaranth grown under different irrigation strategies, were used to define the thermal requirements and the yield response function to soil water availability of amaranth. The observed soil moisture data were used to calculate the relative soil water deficit (RSWD) index and seed yield data were expressed as relative yield (Yr). Yr and RSWD calculated data were then graphically correlated to obtain the amaranth yield response function to soil water availability. In a second stage the SALTMED model was used to simulate impacts of present, past and future climate scenarios on amaranth growth cycle and yield. Climate‐change scenarios (Special Report on Emission Scenarios A1B, A2 and B1) data, used as input in the model, were derived from six global circulation models using a weather generator.The results showed that in a changing climate, temperature affects the relative duration of the growth cycle and could be a critical determinant of grain yield. The use of supplemental irrigations could allow the amaranth to guarantee a high seed yield under Mediterranean conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bayesian Graphical Models for STructural Vector Autoregressive Processes
Authors: Ahelegbey Daniel Felix , Billio Monica , Casarin Roberto 
Published: February 2015

SummaryThis paper proposes a Bayesian, graph‐based approach to identification in vector autoregressive (VAR) models. In our Bayesian graphical VAR (BGVAR) model, the contemporaneous and temporal causal structures of the structural VAR model are represented by two different graphs. We also provide an efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to estimate jointly the two causal structures and the parameters of the reduced‐form VAR model. The BGVAR approach is shown to be quite effective in dealing with model identification and selection in multivariate time series of moderate dimension, as those considered in the economic literature. In the macroeconomic application the BGVAR identifies the relevant structural relationships among 20 US economic variables, thus providing a useful tool for policy analysis. The financial application contributes to the recent econometric literature on financial interconnectedness. The BGVAR approach provides evidence of a strong unidirectional linkage from financial to non‐financial super‐sectors during the 2007–2009 financial crisis and a strong bidirectional linkage between the two sectors during the 2010–2013 European sovereign debt crisis. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bone formation by human umbilical cord perivascular cells
Authors: Kajiyama Sohtaro , Ujiie Yuko , Nishikawa Sumio , Inoue Kohji , Shirakawa Satoshi , Hanada Nobuhiro , Liddell Robert , Davies John E. , Gomi Kasuhiro 
Published: February 2015

AbstractWe investigated the possibility of employing human umbilical perivascular cells (HUCPVCs) within the context of finding an alternative source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) for bone tissue engineering. Since it has previously been reported that conditioned medium (CM) from osteogenic bone marrow (BM) MSCs can potentiate osteogenic differentiation in a secondary cell population, we also employed BM‐MSCs to generate CM to stimulate osteogenesis in the HUCPVCs. The BM‐MSCs were a commercially available immortalized human cell line. In vitro assays showed negligible levels of osteogenic gene expression in HUCPVCs compared to BM‐MSC, but alkaline phosphatase was detected when HUCPVC were cultured in osteogenic medium in the presence of CM from BM‐MSC. An in vivo assay employing a rat calvarial osteotomy defect, together with a collagen sponge scaffold, showed that HUCPVCs provided statistically significant bony repair compared to controls. BM‐MSC loaded scaffolds were not statistically different from either controls or HUCPVCs. The addition of BM‐MSC CM to HUCPVCs also produced no statistically significant difference to the bone formed by HUCPVCs alone. Our results demonstrate that the in vitro assays employed did not predict in vivo outcomes, and that the BM‐MSC cell line employed, or CM from such cells, provided no osteogenic advantage over the use of HUCPVCs alone. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 2807–2814, 2015.