bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Field Line Tracer for the Study of Coronal Magnetic Topologies
Authors: Aslanyan Valentin , Scott Roger B. , Wilkins Chloe P. , Meyer Karen A. , Pontin David I. , Yeates Anthony R. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present a new code for the tracing of magnetic field lines and calculation of related quantities such as the squashing factor in the solar corona. The Universal Fieldline Tracer (UFiT) is an open-source package that can currently take inputs directly from four well-established coronal models, with additional models planned to be made directly accessible in the future. This package contains tools to make use of large-scale three-dimensional field line maps to calculate volumetric quantities, such as the total volume of the open corona, or the fraction that maps to regions on the solar surface within some distance of a coronal hole boundary, which may be relevant to phenomenological models of solar wind speed such as the Wang–Sheeley–Arge model. Synthetic coronagraphs can also be produced rapidly by this package. We have postprocessed long-term magnetofrictional simulations to demonstrate that the separatrix web occupies a larger fraction of the corona during solar maximum than solar minimum.
A Spectral Atlas of Lyα Emitters at z = 5.7 and z = 6.6
Authors: Songaila A. , Cowie L. L. , Barger A. J. , Hu E. M. , Taylor A. J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We present two uniformly observed spectroscopic samples of Lyα emitters (LAEs; 127 at z = 5.7 and 82 at z = 6.6), which we use to investigate the evolution of the LAE population at these redshifts. The observations cover a large field (44 deg2) in the North Ecliptic Pole, as well as several smaller fields. We have a small number of exotic LAEs in the samples: double-peaked Lyα profiles; very extended red wings; and one impressive lensed LAE cross. We also find three broad-line active galactic nuclei. We compare the Lyα line width measurements at the two redshifts, finding that the lower-luminosity LAEs show a strong evolution of decreasing line width with increasing redshift, while the high-luminosity LAEs do not, with a transition luminosity of log L(Lyα) ≈ 43.25 erg s−1. Thus, at z = 6.6, the high-luminosity LAEs may be producing large ionized bubbles themselves, or they may be residing in overdense galaxy sites that are producing such bubbles. In order to avoid losses in the red wing, the radius of the ionized bubble must be larger than 1 pMpc. The double-peaked LAEs also require transmission on the blue side. For the four at z = 6.6, we use models to estimate the proximity radii, R

a
, where the ionizing flux of the galaxy is sufficient to make the surroundings have a low enough neutral fraction to pass the blue light. Since the required R

a
are large, multiple ionizing sources in the vicinity may be needed.
Serendipitous Catch of a Giant Jellyfish: An Ionized Nebula around 3C 275.1 with 170 kpc Long Tails
Authors: Zhao Qinyuan , Wang Junfeng , Li Zhenzhen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
3C 275.1 is a blue quasar at z = 0.55522, hosting powerful outflows and residing in a complex environment. We present a serendipitously detected giant nebula surrounding 3C 275.1, which shows morphological features resembling those of objects known as “jellyfish galaxies,” with extremely long tails of ionized gas extending to 170 kpc in projection. We analyze its optical spectra taken by MUSE on the Very Large Telescope. The brighter part of this giant nebula exceeds 100 kpc, and its rotation curve does not flatten out, making it very different from those of normal spiral galaxies. This system shares some characteristics common to those formed via ram pressure stripping (RPS), yet its long narrow tails and higher ionization are unusual compared to known tails in jellyfish galaxies, not fully consistent with a simple RPS scenario. Our photoionization simulation and the inferred short recombination timescale both suggest that, besides the quasar 3C 275.1, an extra source of ionization is necessary to keep the gas ionized at such a distance from the nucleus, which could be related to RPS, tidal interaction, or active galactic nucleus outflow, providing new evidence of active dynamical interaction of a galaxy with the intracluster medium.
Concurrent Accretion and Migration of Giant Planets in Their Natal Disks with Consistent Accretion Torque
Authors: Li 李 Ya-Ping 亚平 , Chen 陈 Yi-Xian 逸贤 , Lin 林 Douglas N. C. 潮 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Migration commonly occurs during the epoch of planet formation. For emerging gas giant planets, it proceeds concurrently with their growth through the accretion of gas from their natal protoplanetary disks. A similar migration process should also be applied to the stellar-mass black holes embedded in active galactic nucleus disks. In this work, we perform high-resolution 3D and 2D numerical hydrodynamical simulations to study the migration dynamics for accreting embedded objects over the disk viscous timescales in a self-consistent manner. We find that an accreting planet embedded in a predominantly viscous disk has a tendency to migrate outward, in contrast to the inward orbital decay of nonaccreting planets. 3D and 2D simulations find the consistent outward migration results for the accreting planets. Under this circumstance, the accreting planet’s outward migration is mainly due to the asymmetric spiral arms feeding from the global disk into the Hill radius. This is analogous to the unsaturated corotation torque although the imbalance is due to material accretion within the libration timescale rather than diffusion onto the inner disk. In a disk with a relatively small viscosity, the accreting planets clear deep gaps near their orbits. The tendency of inward migration is recovered, albeit with suppressed rates. By performing a parameter survey with a range of disks’ viscosity, we find that the transition from outward to inward migration occurs with the effective viscous efficiency factor α ∼ 0.003 for Jupiter-mass planets.
Cross Observatory Coordination with tilepy: A Novel Tool for Observations of Multimessenger Transient Events
Authors: Seglar-Arroyo Monica , Ashkar Halim , de Bony de Lavergne Mathieu , Schüssler Fabian 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Time-domain astrophysics has leaped forward with the direct discovery of gravitational waves and the emergence of new generation instruments for multimessenger studies. The capacity of the multimessenger multiwavelength community to effectively pursue follow-up observations is hindered by the suboptimal localization of numerous transient events and the escalating volume of alerts. Thus, we have developed an effective tool to overcome the observational and technical hurdles inherent in the emerging field of multimessenger astrophysics. We present tilepy, a Python package for the automatic scheduling of follow-up observations of poorly localized transient events. It is ideally suited to tackle the challenge of complex follow-up in mid- and small-field-of-view telescope campaigns, with or without human intervention. We demonstrate the capabilities of tilepy in the realm of multiobservatory, multiwavelength campaigns, to cover the localization uncertainty region of various events ultimately aiming at pinpointing the source of the multimessenger emission. The tilepy code is publicly available on GitHub and is sufficiently flexible to be employed either automatically or in a customized manner, tailored to collaboration and individual requirements. tilepy is also accessible via a public API and through the Astro-COLIBRI platform.
Big Galaxies and Big Black Holes: The Massive Ends of the Local Stellar and Black Hole Mass Functions and the Implications for Nanohertz Gravitational Waves
Authors: Liepold Emily R. , Ma Chung-Pei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We construct the z = 0 galaxy stellar mass function (GSMF) by combining the GSMF at stellar masses M
* ≲ 1011.3
M
⊙ from the census study of Leja et al. and the GSMF of massive galaxies at M
* ≳ 1011.5
M
⊙ from the volume-limited MASSIVE galaxy survey. To obtain a robust estimate of M
* for local massive galaxies, we use MASSIVE galaxies with M
* measured from detailed dynamical modeling or stellar population synthesis modeling (incorporating a bottom-heavy initial mass function) with high-quality spatially resolved spectroscopy. These two independent sets of M
* agree to within ∼7%. Our new z = 0 GSMF has a higher amplitude at M
* ≳ 1011.5
M
⊙ than previous studies, alleviating prior concerns of a lack of mass growth in massive galaxies between z ∼ 1 and 0. We derive a local black hole mass function (BHMF) from this GSMF and the scaling relation of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and galaxy masses. The inferred abundance of local SMBHs above ∼1010
M
⊙ is consistent with the number of currently known systems. The predicted amplitude of the nanohertz stochastic gravitational-wave background is also consistent with the levels reported by Pulsar Timing Array teams. Our z = 0 GSMF therefore leads to concordant results in the high-mass regime of the local galaxy and SMBH populations and the gravitational-wave amplitude from merging SMBHs. An exception is that our BHMF yields a z = 0 SMBH mass density that is notably higher than the value estimated from quasars at higher redshifts.
Metal-poor Stars in the MW Disk: Resonant Cooling of Vertical Oscillations of Halo Stars in Barred Galaxies
Authors: Li Xingchen , Shlosman Isaac , Pfenniger Daniel , Heller Clayton 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Using numerical simulations of a barred disk galaxy embedded in nonspinning and spinning dark matter (DM) halos, we present a novel mechanism of “cooling” the vertical oscillations of DM particles, which acquire disk kinematics. The underlying mechanism consists of resonant interactions between halo particles and the stellar bar, facilitated by a chaotic phase space of the system. The cooling mechanism acts both on dynamical and secular timescales, from ∼0.5 Gyr to a few Gyr. The stellar bar acts to absorb the kinetic energy of the vertical motions. Using a Milky Way (MW)–type stellar halo, we estimate the population of metal-poor disk stars trapped by the MW disk and analyze its kinematics. We find that the population of metal-poor MW disk stars with ∣z∣ ≲ 3 kpc detected by the Gaia DR3 and other surveys can have their origin in the stellar halo. The cooled population also migrates radially outwards by exchanging energy and angular momentum with the spinning bar, and prograde-moving stars have a different distribution from retrograde ones. Next, we calculated the ratio of the prograde-to-retrograde orbits of the cooled population and found that this ratio varies radially, with the fast-spinning stellar halo resulting in the shallower radial increase of this ratio outside of the corotation. The nonspinning stellar halo shows a monotonic increase of this ratio with radius outside the corotation. Together with the analyzed radial migration of these halo stars, the cooling phenomenon of halo metal-poor stars can explain their current disk population and has corollaries for the chemical evolution of disk galaxies in general.
Multiple Overspill Flood Channels from Young Craters Require Surface Melting and Hundreds of Meters of Midlatitude Ice Late in Mars’s History
Authors: Warren Alexandra O. , Wilson Sharon A. , Howard Alan , Noblet Axel , Kite Edwin S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Mars’s tadpole craters are small, young craters whose crater rims are incised by one or more exit breaches but lack visible inlets. The tadpole-forming climate records the poorly understood drying of Mars since the Early Hesperian. A third of tadpole craters have multiple breaches; therefore, the climate must have been able to generate crater rim incision in multiple locations. We use HiRISE data for four multiple-breach tadpole craters to measure their crater fill, rims, and exit breaches. We compare these measurements and other data with our calculations of liquid water supply by rain, surface melting, groundwater discharge, and basal ice sheet melting to discriminate between four proposed formation hypotheses for tadpole breaches, favoring scenarios with ice-filled craters and supraglacial melting. We conclude that multiple-breach tadpole craters record hundreds of meters of midlatitude ice and climate conditions enabling intermittent melting in the Late Hesperian and Amazonian, suggesting that liquid water on Mars has only been available in association with water ice for billions of years.
The Presentation of Acute Pancreatitis in Sickle Cell Disease Patients
Authors: Al-Hindi Saeed , Khalaf Zahra , Al-Sousi AbdelSalam N. 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a haemoglobinopathy that leads to the formation of distorted sickle-shaped red blood cells that are prone to vaso-occlusion. This may lead to vaso-occlusive crises that may affect any organ. Acute pancreatitis (AP) in SCD patients may be mimicked by a vaso-occlusive crisis in the abdomen. The objective of this article is to analyse the clinical profiles of SCD patients with AP and understand the differences in the presentation of AP compared to an abdominal vaso-occlusive crisis and the difference between its presentation in SCD patients in comparison to other patients.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-eight SCD patients who were diagnosed with AP during their admission to the paediatric department at a tertiary hospital between January 2012 and December 2020 were retrospectively studied. Patients aged older than 14 years were excluded. The data collected concerned: demographics, the clinical course and the hospital course. The diagnosis and severity protocols followed the revised Atlanta Criteria.

Results:
The patients were aged with a mean of 9.61 years. There were 15 males and 13 females. Demographics were not significantly correlated to complication rates (P > 0.05). The mean duration of hospitalisation was 6.43 days. The most common clinical presentations were abdominal pain, fever, then vomiting and nausea. Three patients experienced complications and they were all cases of cholangitis (10.71%). There were no cases of pseudocysts, acute necrotic collections, pancreatic or peripancreatic necrosis or walled-off necroses. All of the cases of AP in SCD children were mild according to the revised Atlanta classification. Leucocytosis was present in 29.29% of patients and 17.8% of patients had high C-reactive proteins (CRPs). There was no significant correlation between leucocyte counts, CRP levels, serum or urinary amylase levels and complications (P > 0.05). All patients had haemoglobin (Hb) levels above 7 g/dL. The levels of sickle Hb ranged from 40 to 70 g/dL and reticulocyte counts averaged at 3.57%. Haematologic parameters were not significantly correlated with complication rates (P > 0.05). There were no recurrences.

Conclusion:
AP in SCD patients presented with classic signs and symptoms. There were no associations between demographics and complications. The levels of leucocytes, CRP counts and serum and urinary amylase were not correlated with complications. The level of Hb and sickle cell Hb was not associated with complication rates. Reticulocytes were slightly elevated in SCD patients with AP. More studies are needed to demarcate factors distinguishing AP in SCD from abdominal vaso-occlusive crises.
Factors Associated with Outcomes at 1 Year in Paediatric Post-nephrectomy Patients for Nephroblastoma at the University Teaching Hospital and Cancer Diseases Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Muulu Moonde Zachias , Bvulani Bruce , Shinondo Patricia , Kaonga Patrick 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
Nephroblastoma is the most common primary malignant renal tumour of childhood. The survival rates in high-income countries are approximately 90%. However, low-income countries have low survival rates of 20%–50%. This study assessed factors associated with treatment outcomes of children post-nephrectomy for nephroblastoma at the University Teaching Hospital and Cancer Diseases Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted, where all children diagnosed with unilateral Wilms tumour below the age of 16 years who had nephrectomy from July 2016 to June 2019 were enrolled. Sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were noted. All data were coded and stored in a tabular format using Microsoft Excel. Statistical software STATA version 13 was used for analysis.

Results:
Thirty patients were enrolled. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. The 1-year event-free survival was 46.7%. Treatment abandonment accounted for 36.6% of the participants. 16.7% of the patients had disease progression. No patient had a relapse or died during the 1-year follow-up period. 66.7% had advanced disease stages III and IV. Advancement in age (above 4.3 years), living in a rural environment more than 100 km away from Lusaka and advanced disease stage were all associated with a poor outcome.

Conclusions:
Factors associated with a poor outcome in this study were advanced age and late presentation.
Impact of alcohol dependence syndrome severity on male sexual dysfunction: A CONSORT-guided cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Faizan Md Adil , Kandhi Sri Divya Reddy , Geethanjali  , Sudheer Bangaru 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background:
This study investigates the relationship between male sexual dysfunction, such as erectile dysfunction, decreased libido, premature ejaculation, and alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS).

Methods:
This cross-sectional study evaluated sexual dysfunction in 260 married patients with an ADS diagnosis based on CONSORT standards. Participants were chosen from an outpatient psychiatry department. The Arizona Sexual Experience Scale and the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire Scale were among the instruments utilized.

Results:
We found a strong link between sexual dysfunction and the severity of ADS. A smaller but statistically significant percentage (16.15%) of the subjects showed signs of severe alcohol dependence compared to half (50%) who showed mild dependence.

Conclusions:
The results highlight the connection between sexual dysfunction and the severity of alcohol dependence, indicating the necessity for focused therapies. Sexual dysfunction was more common as ADS severity grew, indicating the need for more treatment options and raising awareness.
Exploring suicidal attempts in a rare case of Klinefelter syndrome comorbid with autism spectrum disorder: Unveiling the underdiagnosed nexus and noble intervention of electroconvulsive therapy
Authors: Ridzwan Hijaz , Ariff Khadijah , Razak Afidatul Hanim Abdul , Kamarulbahri Tengku Mohd Saifuddin Tengku 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a rare genetic disorder that may present concomitantly with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This case report details the unique clinical presentation of a 24-year-old male diagnosed with both KS and ASD, characterized by a series of multiple suicidal attempts. This case sheds light on the underdiagnosed nature of KS, emphasizing the intricate interplay between hereditary variables and mental vulnerability. Notably, the patient’s clinical trajectory took an unexpected turn with the successful application of electroconvulsive therapy, suggesting a promising intervention for individuals facing similar challenges. This report contributes to the growing body of literature on the intersectionality of genetic conditions and psychiatric disorders, highlighting the importance of recognizing and addressing these complexities in clinical practice.
Primary pulmonary paraganglioma, the unexpected guest of the lung: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ozdemir Ciflik Busra , Ciflik Kadir Baturhan , Guresci Servet , Akkas Yucel 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Paragangliomas are rare tumors arising from extra adrenal chromaffin cells. The incidence of primary pulmonary paraganglioma is even less. As new cases are added to the literature, clinical and radiological features become more diverse. It can be confused with carcinoid tumors due to its morphological and immunohistochemical features. Therefore, pathologists play a critical role in the diagnosis of primary pulmonary paraganglioma. In this study, it is aimed to review the literature while presenting a rare case of primary pulmonary paraganglioma.
Late intra-abdominal abscess after laparoscopic appendectomy in a child
Authors: Pathak Digant , Gupta Noopur , Manchanda Vivek 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Appendectomy is the most common surgical emergency managed by laparoscopic surgeons and is usually a straightforward procedure with minimal morbidity. However, rare complications can arise in the immediate post-operative period. We report a late occurrence of intra-abdominal abscess 2 years after laparoscopic appendectomy probably related to silk suture used to ligate the base of the appendix during index surgery. The patient recovered after laparoscopic drainage of the abscess and retrieval of silk suture.
Clinical analysis of 18 cases of obturator hernia
Authors: Qian Hongmei , Chen Zhiyong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Obturator hernia is a relatively rare type of abdominal external hernia. The diagnosis is often delayed because of its rarity and nonsepcific symptoms and signs.

Patients and Methods:
Retrospective study of 18 patients undergoing surgery for obturator hernia in a 11-year period.

Results:
15 female and 3 male patients were recorded. Low body mass index (BMI) was the common predisposing factor. Accurate preliminary diagnosis were made only in 8 patients with support of timely computed tomography (CT) scans. The rate of strangulated hernias was 33.33% (6/18)and intestinal resection was required in 4 cases. 11 patients underwent open surgery while 7 received laparoscopic surgery. Simple closure of the hernia defect or hight ligation was performed in 12, mesh repair in 6. No serious operative complications was observed.

Conclusions:
Obturator hernia should be included in the differential diagnosis of intestinal obstruction of unknown origin, especially in elderly women with low BMI. Early surgical intervention is imperative to avoid intestinal resection and reduce complications. Laparoscopy has a tendency to rapid recovery but has its limits.
Antihyperglycemic Potential of Dried Powder Combination of Hygrophila auriculata and Cordia macleodii: In Vivo Study in Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Almutairi Farooq M. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Hygrophila auriculata (Acanthaceae family) and Cordia macleodii (Boraginaceae family) are two famous Indian plants that had until been unrecognized for their antihyperglycemic effects. This study examined the antihyperglycemic effect of metformin in a rat model of diabetes caused by the alloxan method for dried flower powder of H. auriculata and C. macleodii, both alone and in combination.

Materials and Methods:
Rat weights ranged from 150-200 g, housed under controlled conditions (25-26°C, 50-55% humidity, 12-hour light/dark cycle) with standard diet and water access. Fresh flowers of H. auriculata and C. macleodii were collected, dried, and powdered. The powders were macerated in methanol, evaporated, and further processed. Acute toxicity was assessed by administering flower powder to rats in doses from 5 mg/kg to 5,000 mg/kg, determining LD50 values per OECD guidelines. Anti-hyperglycemic effects were tested in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, with blood glucose levels measured at intervals after oral administration of the flower powders. The hypoglycemic potential was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) method.

Results:
Five hours after oral treatment, the investigation showed that a mixture of dried flower powder of H. auriculata and C. macleodii significantly reduced blood sugar levels. A key role in modulating the pharmacological action is played by the components derived from plants, including alkaloids and flavonoids.

Conclusion:
This study will provide light on new avenues for research into the therapeutic treatment of diabetes mellitus via the development of innovative herbal formulations.