bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hungarian Technology Export to Angola through ‘Socialist Solidarity’
Authors: Tokai Attila 
Published: July 2024

Hungarian activity in the developing world is being explored again. As the topic is quite peripheral, thus it needs a comprehensive analysis. As an Eastern Bloc country, Hungary was engaged with socialist solidarity, however it never had real colonial past, thus its anti-colonial point of view seemed credible for the newly independent African countries.
Decolonial orientation of the People’s Republic of Hungary started in the 1960s, and it had various other aspects as well. Different political and economic interests also played a key role, as Angola had an incredible abundance of resources, which gave a big push not only for Hungary, but for many other Eastern Bloc countries to play a significant role in the restoration of its economy, in the hope of establishing new commercial relations.
Hungary offered - among others - significant financial support, bank loans, and scientific-technological help to counterbalance the former colonial powers' and other capitalist countries, who were seen as possible enemies and opressors. On the other hand this “socialist help” meant a search for potential new markets for the Hungarian economy, and the possibility to get acces to western markets and technology through international cooperations in the African continent.
Pengaruh Latihan Bola Gantung dan Latihan Net Multitahap terhadap Servis Atas Bola Voli pada Mahasiswa Putra Universitas Tunas Pembangunan Surakarta
Authors: Sari Yudi Karisma , Dwijayanti Karlina , Hartini  
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui latihan bola gantung dan net multitahap yang diterapkan untuk meningkatkan ketepatan servis atas dalam permainan bola voli. Metode dalam penelitian adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest-posttest design. Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa putra Program Studi Kepelatihan Olahraga Universitas Tunas Pembangunan Surakarta berjumlah 30 orang yang terbagi menjadi dua kelompok dengan cara ordinal pairing. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes dan pengukuran kemampuan servis atas bola voli. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dengan uji t pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh simpulan : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh simpulan : 1) ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara latihan bola gantung dan net multitahap terhadap Mahasiswa Putra Program Studi Kepelatihan Olahraga Universitas Tunas Pembangunan Surakarta, dengan nilai perhitungan probabilitas sebesar 0,000 yang lebih kecil dari taraf signifikansi 5%; 2) latihan servis dengan ketinggian net bertahap lebih baik pengaruhnya daripada latihan servis dengan ketinggian tetap terhadap kemampuan servis atas bola voli pada Mahasiswa Putra Program Studi Kepelatihan Olahraga Universitas Tunas Pembangunan Surakarta. Kelompok latihan bola gantung memiliki peningkatan kemampuan servis atas bola voli sebesar 25,971%, sedangkan kelompok latihan net multitahap memiliki peningkatan kemampuan servis atas bola voli sebesar 36,865%.
Three‐dimensional seismic velocity structure of Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes in Hawaii from local seismic tomography
Authors: Lin Guoqing , Shearer Peter M. , Matoza Robin S. , Okubo Paul G. , Amelung Falk 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe present a new three‐dimensional seismic velocity model of the crustal and upper mantle structure for Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes in Hawaii. Our model is derived from the first‐arrival times of the compressional and shear waves from about 53,000 events on and near the Island of Hawaii between 1992 and 2009 recorded by the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory stations. The Vp model generally agrees with previous studies, showing high‐velocity anomalies near the calderas and rift zones and low‐velocity anomalies in the fault systems. The most significant difference from previous models is in Vp/Vs structure. The high‐Vp and high‐Vp/Vs anomalies below Mauna Loa caldera are interpreted as mafic magmatic cumulates. The observed low‐Vp and high‐Vp/Vs bodies in the Kaoiki seismic zone between 5 and 15 km depth are attributed to the underlying volcaniclastic sediments. The high‐Vp and moderate‐ to low‐Vp/Vs anomalies beneath Kilauea caldera can be explained by a combination of different mafic compositions, likely to be olivine‐rich gabbro and dunite. The systematically low‐Vp and low‐Vp/Vs bodies in the southeast flank of Kilauea may be caused by the presence of volatiles. Another difference between this study and previous ones is the improved Vp model resolution in deeper layers, owing to the inclusion of events with large epicentral distances. The new velocity model is used to relocate the seismicity of Mauna Loa and Kilauea for improved absolute locations and ultimately to develop a high‐precision earthquake catalog using waveform cross‐correlation data.
Anthropogenic heating of the urban environment due to air conditioning
Authors: Salamanca F. , Georgescu M. , Mahalov A. , Moustaoui M. , Wang M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis article investigates the effect of air conditioning (AC) systems on air temperature and examines their electricity consumption for a semiarid urban environment. We simulate a 10 day extreme heat period over the Phoenix metropolitan area (U.S.) with the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled to a multilayer building energy scheme. The performance of the modeling system is evaluated against 10 Arizona Meteorological Network weather stations and one weather station maintained by the National Weather Service for air temperature, wind speed, and wind direction. We show that explicit representation of waste heat from air conditioning systems improved the 2 m air temperature correspondence to observations. Waste heat release from AC systems was maximum during the day, but the mean effect was negligible near the surface. However, during the night, heat emitted from AC systems increased the mean 2 m air temperature by more than 1°C for some urban locations. The AC systems modified the thermal stratification of the urban boundary layer, promoting vertical mixing during nighttime hours. The anthropogenic processes examined here (i.e., explicit representation of urban energy consumption processes due to AC systems) require incorporation in future meteorological and climate investigations to improve weather and climate predictability. Our results demonstrate that releasing waste heat into the ambient environment exacerbates the nocturnal urban heat island and increases cooling demands.
Constraints for the photolysis rate and the equilibrium constant of ClO‐dimer from airborne and balloon‐borne measurements of chlorine compounds
Authors: Kleinböhl Armin , Khosravi Maryam , Urban Joachim , Canty Timothy , Salawitch Ross J. , Toon Geoffrey C. , Küllmann Harry , Notholt Justus 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe analyze measurements of ClO across the terminator taken by the Airborne Submillimeter Radiometer (ASUR) in the activated vortices of the Arctic winters of 1995/1996, 1996/1997, and 1999/2000 to evaluate the plausibility of various determinations of the ClO‐dimer photolysis cross section and the rate constant controlling the thermal equilibrium between ClO‐dimer and ClO. We use measured ClO during sunlit conditions to estimate total active chlorine (ClOx). As the measurements suggest nearly full chlorine activation in winter 1999/2000, we compare ClOx estimates based on various photolysis frequencies of ClO‐dimer with total available inorganic chlorine (Cly), estimated from an N2O‐Cly correlation established by a balloon‐borne MkIV interferometer measurement. Only ClO‐dimer cross sections leading to the fastest photolysis frequencies in the literature (including the latest evaluation by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory) give ClOx mixing ratios that overlap with the estimated range of available Cly. Slower photolysis rates lead to ClOx values that are higher than available Cly. We use the ClOx calculated from sunlit ClO measurements to estimate ClO in darkness based on different equilibrium constants, and compare it with ASUR ClO measurements before sunrise at high solar zenith angles. Calculations with equilibrium constants published in recent evaluations of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory give good agreement with observed ClO mixing ratios. Equilibrium constants leading to a higher ClO/ClOx ratio in darkness yield ClO values that tend to exceed observed abundances. Perturbing the rates for the ClO + BrO reaction in a manner that increases OClO formation and decreases BrCl formation leads to lower ClO values calculated for twilight conditions after sunset, resulting in better agreement with ASUR measurements.
A two‐scale model for sheared fault gouge: Competition between macroscopic disorder and local viscoplasticity
Authors: Elbanna A. E. , Carlson J. M. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractWe develop a model for sheared gouge layers that accounts for the local increase in temperature at the grain contacts during sliding. We use the shear transformation zone theory, a statistical thermodynamic theory, to describe irreversible macroscopic plastic deformations due to local rearrangements of the gouge particles. We track the temperature evolution at the grain contacts using a one‐dimensional heat diffusion equation. At low temperatures, the strength of the asperities is limited by the flow strength, as predicted by dislocation creep models. At high temperatures, some of the constituents of the grains may melt leading to the degradation of the asperity strength. Our model predicts a logarithmic rate dependence of the steady state shear stress in the quasistatic regime. In the dense flow regime the frictional strength decreases rapidly with increasing slip rate due to thermal softening at the granular interfaces. The transient response following a step in strain rate includes a direct effect and a following evolution effect, both of which depend on the magnitude and direction of the velocity step. In addition to frictional heat, the energy budget includes an additional energy sink representing the fraction of external work consumed in increasing local disorder. The model links low‐speed and high‐speed frictional response of gouge layers and provides an essential ingredient for multiscale modeling of earthquake ruptures with enhanced coseismic weakening.
Scleractinian coral communities of the inner Seychelles 10 years after the 1998 mortality event
Authors: Harris Alasdair , Wilson Shaun , Graham Nicholas , Sheppard Charles 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThe size structure and taxonomic composition of coral communities in the inner (Granitic) Seychelles were studied 10 years after a thermal stress‐induced mass mortality event.A survey of the abundance, population size structure and community composition of hard corals across 21 sites from three different geomorphological reef types on the Seychelles Bank provided high resolution data for discriminating coral communities based on diversity, taxonomic composition, colony abundance, surface area and size frequency distributions.Results emphasize the severely impoverished and depauperate nature of inner Seychelles hard coral communities, which had lower generic diversity (40 genera recorded), and lower abundance (3.3 colonies m−2) of hard corals (excluding juveniles) than other coral reef regions of the Indian Ocean for which comparable data are currently available.Analysis of coral communities indicated that management had no appreciable effect on juvenile or adult coral abundance at this point in time, and that low juvenile density (9.9 colonies m−2) may severely limit recovery of many individual reefs in the inner Seychelles.While some sites were found to have appreciable coral cover (>20%), others, including long‐standing protected areas with no fishing, are now in an advanced state of erosion and framework collapse with very low juvenile coral replenishment and negligible available hard substratum suitable for coral settlement.Some of these reefs may have passed the threshold of viable recovery, now being in a self‐reinforcing, non‐coral dominated erosional phase.These findings indicate variable coral community condition, with many sites showing little sign of recovery. If persistence of live hard coral is a management goal, the existing protected areas within the Seychelles Bank may require review to ensure protection of sites with high recovery potential, while a suite of other management tools should be implemented in the remaining areas. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Linear {NiII–LnIII–NiII} Complexes Containing Twisted Planar Ni(μ‐phenolate)2Ln Fragments: Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetothermal Properties
Authors: Das Sourav , Dey Atanu , Kundu Subrata , Biswas Sourav , Mota A. J. , Colacio Enrique , Chandrasekhar Vadapalli 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSequential reaction of a multisite LH4 ligand {2‐[2‐hydroxy‐3‐(hydroxymethyl)‐5‐methylbenzylideneamino]‐2‐methylpropane‐1,3‐diol} with appropriate lanthanide salts followed by the addition of Ni(NO3)2⋅6 H2O in a 4:1:2 stoichiometric ratio in the presence of triethylamine afforded four heterobimetallic trinuclear complexes [Ni2Gd(LH3)4]⋅3 NO3⋅3 MeOH⋅H2O ⋅CH3CN (1), [Ni2Tb(LH3)4]⋅3 NO3 ⋅3 MeOH⋅CH3CN (2), [Ni2Dy(LH3)4] ⋅3 NO3⋅3 MeOH⋅H2O⋅CH3CN (3), and [Ni2Ho(LH3)4]⋅3 NO3⋅3 MeOH⋅H2O ⋅CH3CN (4). Complexes 1–4 possess linear trimetallic cores with a central lanthanide ion. Magnetic studies revealed a predominant ferromagnetic interaction between the Ni and Ln centers. Alternating current susceptibility measurements of complex 3 showed a small frequency dependence of the out‐of‐phase signal, χ′′M, under zero direct current field, but without achieving a net maximum above 2 K. Magnetic studies on 1 revealed that it has a significant magnetocaloric effect.
Self‐Assembly of Five 8‐Hydroxyquinolinate‐Based Complexes: Tunable Core, Supramolecular Structure, and Photoluminescence Properties
Authors: Yuan Guozan , Shan Weilong , Qiao Xuelong , Ma Li , Huo Yanping 
Published: May 2014

AbstractFive new ZnII complexes, namely [Zn3(L)6] (1), [Zn2(Cl)2(L)2(py)2] (2), [Zn2(Br)2(L)2(py)2] (3), [Zn(L)2(py)] (4), and [Zn2(OAc)2(L)2(py)2] (5), were prepared by the solvothermal reaction of ZnX2 (X−=Cl−, Br−, F−, and OAc−) salts with a 8‐hydroxyquinolinate ligand (HL) that contained a trifluorophenyl group. All of the complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and powder and single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. The building blocks exhibited unprecedented structural diversification and their self‐assembly afforded one mononuclear, three binuclear, and one trinuclear ZnII structures in response to different anions and solvent systems. Complexes 1–5 featured four types of supramolecular network controlled by non‐covalent interactions, such as π⋅⋅⋅π‐stacking, CH⋅⋅⋅π, hydrogen‐bonding, and halogen‐related interactions. Investigation of their photoluminescence properties exhibited disparate emission wavelengths, lifetimes, and quantum yields in the solid state.
Leaders and Laggards in Environmental Innovation: An Empirical Analysis of SMEs in Europe
Authors: Triguero Angela , Moreno‐Mondéjar Lourdes , Davia María A. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThe main purpose of this article is studying the factors influencing eco‐innovative intensity in the European SMEs. Building upon the 'innovation triangle model', business competences, environmental orientation and network involvement are considered as the main determinants of 'greenness' of innovation in a sample of 3852 SMEs. Four categories of eco‐innovators (leaders, followers, loungers and laggards) are identified, and their profiles/driving factors are described using a generalized ordinal logistic model. Our results confirm that the increasing demand for green products and the adoption of eco‐organizational innovation affect positively the level of environmental innovation, while technological lock‐ins have the opposite effect across all categories. Neither leaders nor laggards are influenced by environmental policies. Small firms and those who give importance to financial constraints tend not to achieve upper categories, while valuing technological capabilities, market power and networks are crucial determinants of being in upper categories of eco‐innovation intensity. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Household pre‐purchase practices and online grocery shopping
Authors: De Kervenoael Ronan , Hallsworth Alan , Elms Jonathan 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTThis paper explores household pre‐purchase practices and their mediation by information and communications technologies (ICTs), specifically online grocery shopping. Drawing on practice theory, the impacts of ICTs on household grocery shopping behavior are conceptualized, and the concept of “front‐loading” is introduced. Emerging themes generated from 31 semi‐structured interviews conducted via Skype with Turkish consumers focusing on their experiences of online grocery practices are presented. To this end, the contribution of this paper is twofold. First, an understanding of the domestication of online grocery shopping and its affect on the dynamics of household decision making, information sharing, and responsibilities of tasks before the actual act of online shopping is developed. Second, how such pre‐purchase practices undertaken by consumers act as a catalyst of change at the industry level is appraised. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Key Residues in Octyl‐Tridecaptin A1 Analogues Linked to Stable Secondary Structures in the Membrane
Authors: Cochrane Stephen A. , Findlay Brandon , Vederas John C. , Ratemi Elaref S. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractTridecaptin A1 is a linear antimicrobial lipopeptide comprised of 13 amino acids, including three diaminobutyric acid (Dab) residues. It displays potent activity against Gram‐negative bacteria, including multidrug‐resistant strains. Using solid‐phase peptide synthesis, we performed an alanine scan of a fully active analogue, octyl‐tridecaptin A1, to determine key residues responsible for activity. The synthetic analogues were tested against ten organisms, both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. Modification of D‐Dab8 abolished activity, and marked decreases were observed with substitution of D‐allo‐Ile12 and D‐Trp5. Circular dichroism showed that octyl‐tridecaptin A1 adopts a secondary structure in the presence of model phospholipid membranes, which was weakened by D‐Dab8‐D‐Ala, D‐allo‐Ile12‐D‐Ala, and D‐Trp5‐D‐Ala substitutions. The antimicrobial activity of the analogues is directly correlated to their ability to adopt a stable secondary structure in a membrane environment.
A Simple and Direct Method for the Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Unactivated Allylarenes with Classic Arenes
Authors: Jin Weiwei , Wong Wing‐Tak , Law Ga‐Lai 
Published: May 2014

AbstractAn efficient route to engineer vinylarene structures by the PdII‐catalyzed oxidative coupling of unactivated allylarenes with classic arenes was developed. The methodology features the use of unactivated allylarenes with no prefunctionalization and classic arenes without installed directing groups. A variety of vinylarenes and their saturated derivatives were obtained.
Oxidizing Elemental Platinum with Oleum under Harsh Conditions: The Unique Tris(disulfato)platinate(IV) [Pt(S2O7)3]2− Anion
Authors: Bruns Jörn , Klüner Thorsten , Wickleder Mathias S. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractFor the first time, direct oxidation of elemental platinum by a mineral acid to its tetravalent state was observed in course of the reaction of platinum with oleum (65 % SO3) in the presence of barium carbonate. The reaction has been carried out in torch‐sealed glass ampoules at 160 °C and gave yellow single crystals of Ba[Pt(S2O7)3](H2SO4)0.5(H2S2O7)0.5 (triclinic, P$\bar 1$, Z=2, a=992.05(2), b=1069.07(3), c=1114.22(3) pm, α=69.49(7), β=72.96(2), γ=72.93(1)°, V=1033.95(5) Å3). The structure of Ba[Pt(S2O7)3](H2SO4)0.5(H2S2O7)0.5 exhibits the unique tris‐(disulfato)‐platinate anion [Pt(S2O7)3]2− with three chelating disulfate groups coordinated to the platinum atom. Charge balance is achieved by the Ba2+ ions, which are coordinated by (S2O7)2− groups from the platinate complex and by disordered sulfuric acids and disulfuric acid molecules. Thermal decomposition of the bulk material revealed elemental platinum and barium sulfate as decomposition residual.
Organic/Hybrid Nanoparticles and Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Preparation Methods and Chiral Applications
Authors: Alhassen Haysem , Antony Vijy , Ghanem Ashraf , Yajadda Mir Massoud Aghili , Han Zhao Jun , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTNanoparticles are molecular‐sized solids with at least one dimension measuring between 1–100 nm or 10–1000 nm depending on the individual discipline's perspective. They are aggregates of anywhere from a few hundreds to tens of thousands of atoms which render them larger than molecules but smaller than bulk solids. Consequently, they frequently exhibit physical and chemical properties somewhere between. On the other hand, nanocrystals are a special class of nanoparticles which have started gaining attention recently owing to their unique crystalline structures which provide a larger surface area and promising applications including chiral separations. Hybrid nanoparticles are supported by the growing interest of chemists, physicists, and biologists, who are researching to fully exploit them. These materials can be defined as molecular or nano‐composites with mixed (organic or bio) and inorganic components, where at least one of the component domain has a dimension ranging from a few Å to several nanometers. Similarly, and due to their extraordinary physical, chemical, and electrical properties, single‐walled carbon nanotubes have been the subject of intense research. In this short review, the focus is mainly on the current well‐established simple preparation techniques of chiral organic and hybrid nanoparticles as well as single‐walled carbon nanotubes and their applications in separation science. Of particular interest, cinchonidine, chitosan, and β‐CD‐modified gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are discussed as model examples for organic and hybrid nanoparticles. Likewise, the chemical vapor deposition method, used in the preparation of single‐walled carbon nanotubes, is discussed. The enantioseparation applications of these model nanomaterials is also presented. Chirality 26:683–691, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Atomic Force Microscopy as a Tool to Explore Triboelectrostatic Phenomena in Mineral Processing
Authors: Mirkowska Monika , Kratzer Markus , Teichert Christian , Flachberger Helmut 
Published: May 2014

AbstractElectrification of insulators has been applied for years in the triboelectrostatic separation of minerals. However, the knowledge of the charge exchange during particle contact is still limited. Here, the electric charging of calcite single crystals upon contact with atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes was studied through different contact types. A combination of contact‐mode AFM and Kelvin probe force microscopy was employed to verify the local surface potentials before and after charging, and focused on the influence of contact time, load force, and applied bias on the charge transfer.