bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From radiobiology to radiotherapy: dose homogeneity in cells after alpha irradiation in measurements and Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Filipek Mateusz , Pszczółkowska-Kępa Beata , Kociński Bartłomiej , Senkowska Marta , Szefliński Zygmunt , Brzozowska Beata 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Proton radiotherapy offers an advantage in sparing healthy tissue compared to photon therapy due to the specific interaction of protons with the patient’s body. In radiobiological experiments, alpha sources are commonly used instead of proton accelerators for convenience, but ensuring a uniform dose distribution is challenging. Properly designing the cell irradiation setup is crucial to reliably measure the average cellular response in such experiments. The objective of this research is to underscore the importance of dosimetric validation in radiobiological investigations. While Monte Carlo (MC) simulations offer valuable insights, their accuracy needs experimental confirmation. Once consistent results are obtained, the reliance on simulations becomes viable, as they are more efficient and less cumbersome compared to experimental procedures.

Material and methods: The simulations are performed with three MC code-based tools: Geant4-DNA, GATE, and SRIM to model the alpha radiation source and calculate dose distributions for various cell irradiation scenarios. Dosimetric verification of the experimental setup containing a 241Am source is performed using radiochromic films. Additionally, a clonogenic cell survival assay is carried out for the DU145 cell line.

Results: The study introduces a novel source simulation model derived from dosimetric measurements. The comparison between dosimetric results obtained with simulations and measured experimentally yields a gamma (3%/3mm) parameter value exceeding 99%. Furthermore, the LQ model parameters fitted to survival data of DU145 cells irradiated with particles emitted from 241Am source demonstrate consistency with previously published findings.

Conclusions: Radiobiological experiments investigate cellular responses to various irradiation scenarios. Challenges arise with densely ionizing radiation used in clinical practice, particularly in ensuring uniform dose delivery for reliable experiments. MC codes aid in simulating dose distribution and designing irradiation systems for consistent cell treatment. However, experimental validation is essential before relying on simulation results. Once confirmed, these results offer a cost-effective and time-efficient approach to planning radiobiological experiments compared to traditional laboratory work.
Radiological evaluation of mandibular alveolar reconstruction after retained third molar removal procedures using autogenous dentin matrix (ADM)
Authors: Kubaszek Bartłomiej , Kiełboń Agnieszka , Kasprzyk-Kucewicz Teresa , Starosta Martin , Krynicki Paweł , Morawiec Tadeusz 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Bone regeneration materials are often used in dental surgery procedures. At present, we have the possibility to use materials from different groups due to the way they are obtained. The gold standard still remains the use of autogenous bone substitute material due to its osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties. The surgical removal of the third retained tooth is one of the most common procedures performed in dental surgery. As a result of such a procedure, bone tissue atrophy occurs. In order to avoid the formation of a bone defect on the distal surface of the second molar, an augmentation method using an autogenous dentin matrix can be used in such procedures.

Material and methods: Procedures for bilateral removal of retained third molars were performed in 15 patients. On one side, augmentation was performed with an autogenous dentin matrix obtained by grinding and preparing the extracted retained tooth (study group). On the opposite side, the bone defect was left to heal spontaneously (control group). After 6 months, the degree of bone regeneration was compared on the basis of bone density testing and the size of the resulting bone defect on the distal side was compared on the basis of radiographic examination.

Results: Analysis of the obtained material showed significant differences in healing after treatments with autogenous dentin matrix. Thus, the use of an autogenous dentin matrix made it possible to obtain a completely regenerated bone defect.

Conclusions: This procedure seems to be useful for bone regeneration after the removal of the third molar.
Modelling of Undular Jump Characteristics
Authors: Riabenko Oleksandr , Nowak Petr , Bilkova Eva , Halych Oksana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The article provides concise details about a hydraulic phenomenon known as the undular jump, that occurs under different conditions within different hydraulic constructions and can negatively influence on their operation and conditions. Therefore, the methods of modelling undular jump characteristics using physical and mathematical model are presented. Based on physical model of undular jump, the experimental data were obtained. Moreover, three mathematical models were considered and analyzed. The article gives the comparison of experimental data and data obtained by mathematical models. The advantages and disadvantages of considered mathematical models were specified. The novelty of work was in developing and improving mathematical model with taking into account the energy losses that are allowed to obtain the characteristics of undular jump with high accuracy.
Mapping of Energy Consumption for Cooling – Assessment of the Cooling Demand Potential for the City of Riga
Authors: Behmane Evelina , Pakere Ieva 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Considering the global increase in mean air temperature and society’s demand for a comfortable indoor microclimate, cooling solutions in buildings will play an essential role in achieving global climate goals. Researchers estimate that global energy consumption will be significantly affected by the energy required for cooling. Assessment of cooling demand potential is an essential step to further analyse cooling options for buildings in certain areas. Within the framework of this study, mapping of energy consumption for cooling in the city of Riga (Latvia) is carried out. Mapping allows to assess the demand in a spatial perspective, identifying areas with a denser energy demand indicator, and, accordingly, a higher potential for implementation of district cooling and this method can be used in other countries and cities as well. Energy consumption for cooling at the building level was calculated and visualized using cadastral data and building energy certificate data. The results show that the potential energy consumption for cooling in the city of Riga can reach up to 397 GWh per year and the largest proportion of energy consumption for cooling is predicted in the category of multi – apartment buildings (up to 155 GWh per year), highlighting the need to pay particular attention how cooling demand is addressed in residential building sector. Results can be further used to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of the district cooling implementation in parts of the city.
Informal learning in new ways of working
Authors: Rozkwitalska-Welenc Małgorzata 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The recent spread of new ways of working (NWW), e.g., telecommuting, hybrid work arrangements, and remote work, has redefined traditional workplace structures. This paper explores the implications of NWW on workplace informal learning through facilitating or hindering learning conditions present in new workplaces. The 3P model of learning guides the analysis. This review paper delves into the conditions facilitating or hindering informal learning in NWW, contrasting recent publications reporting empirical findings. It applies a narrative review method for literature analysis and the 3P learning model as a conceptual tool to infer conclusions.
Informal learning is recognized in the literature as a vital tool for enhancing employee competencies, contributing to organizational flexibility, and fostering individual employability and career development. However, NWW creates new workplaces that shape informal learning dynamics within organizations. The paper portrays a double-edged sword aspect of new workplaces as sites for informal learning, emphasizing a need for developing in-depth research on the phenomenon.
The paper addresses the need for a detailed understanding of new workplaces as learning environments and compares findings from recent studies on informal learning in NWW. Based on the narrative review, the author suggests that the field’s evolution depends on embracing diversity in samples, expanding the scope of studies, refining research methodologies, and adopting a holistic perspective.
A Systematic Literature Review of ERP and RFID Implementation in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Pontoh Grace T. , Indrijawati Aini , Selvi Fifi , Ningsih Lasri , Putri Dinda Reskiana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The integration of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in Supply Chain Management (SCM) significantly enhances supply chain efficiency and effectiveness. ERP systems enable companies to optimize inventory and production management, while RFID technology facilitates precise tracking of products and raw materials, thereby improving production process efficiency. This research aims to systematically review the existing literature on implementing ERP and RFID technologies in SCM and their interconnected roles. Utilizing the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology, the study highlights the crucial impact of ERP and RFID on supply chain performance efficiency. The findings indicate that ERP implementation in SCM offers numerous benefits, which is vital in boosting company efficiency, effectiveness, and overall performance. Additionally, integrating ERP and RFID with technologies like blockchain and cloud computing can further optimize supply chain management processes, providing even greater advantages.
Deciphering Sustainable Growth: The Influence of Corporate Financial Metrics on SGR and Stock Returns
Authors: Guliyev Taghi , Muzaffarov Murad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In a diligent quest for outperformance in the market, the paper will delve into the complex dynamics of the Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR) and stock prices. According to Higgins’ theory, the SGR is the maximum growth attainable by a company that does not require external funds. It employs Fixed Effects Models and analyses data from 73 major companies in the S&P 500 from 2021 to 2023. The study particularly examines how the factors, including tax and interest burdens, EBIT margin, asset turnover, financial leverage, and retention rate, help shape the SGR after COVID. Most importantly, this study underscores that return on equity (ROE) dominates the effect on SGR, thus stating that profitability and effective equity management are the keys to organizational sustainable growth. Therefore, the influence of the retention rate appears to be less impactful. The findings also challenge the traditional notion whereby long-term growth ensures long-term stock returns, hence more valuable for recommendations in light of this horizon for financial managers and investors, in refining their strategic and investment decisions.
Sustainable Value Aggregation: A Framework for Environmental Solutions and Business Opportunities
Authors: Leavy Sebastian , Mühl Diego Durante , Oliveira Letícia de , Talamini Edson 
Published: July 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the intellectual framework that enables the aggregation of sustainable value.

Theoretical Framework: The generation of value and businesses are at the core of the economic exchange process and have a direct impact on sustainability. In this regard, sustainable businesses have as their main characteristic the ability to maximize the efficiency of material and energy use. However, the factors necessary for the implementation of sustainable businesses are a phenomenon that has not yet received attention from researchers.

Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises bibliometric techniques and content analysis. Data collection was carried out in Scopus database, covering a time horizon from 1995 to 2022.

Results and Discussion: The results demonstrate that the conducive environment for sustainable businesses can be identified and explained by four main factors: (1) sustainability issues exist in a particular context; (2) people are becoming aware of these issues; (3) viable solutions or technologies exist to address the problem; and (4) where possible, people change their habits in pursuit of sustainability.

Research Implications: by understanding the process of sustainable value aggregation, policymakers can create policies aimed at incentivizing these solutions, investing in research and development, creating financing mechanisms for companies, fostering businesses, etc. Legislators can adapt legislation to the new reality, favouring the development of sustainable businesses; in this regard, the awareness of the population regarding the need for sustainability is crucial. On the other hand, entrepreneurs can identify opportunities and develop interesting businesses from economic, social, and environmental perspectives.

Originality/Value: the present study initiates a discussion on the conditions that favour the emergence of so-called sustainable businesses.
УКРАЇНА В УМОВАХ ДРУГОГО РОКУ ЕКЗИСТЕНЦІЙНОЇ ВІЙНИ В АНАЛІТИЧНИХ РЕФЛЕКСІЯХ ВАРШАВСЬКОГО ЦЕНТРУ СХІДНИХ СТУДІЙ
Authors: ІЛЬНИЦЬКИЙ Василь , ТЕЛЬВАК Віталій 
Published: July 2024

Мета статті – розкрити відображення основних аспектів повномасштабного етапу російсько-української війни аналітиками Центру східних студій імені Марека Карпа. Методологія дослідження ґрунтується на принципах об’єктивності, науковості, системності та історизму, а також застосуванні міждисциплінарного підходу. Використанно структурно-функціональний та порівняльно-історичний методи. Наукова новизна статті полягає у спробі розкриття особливостей висвітлення сучасного етапу російської агресії проти України співробітниками ЦСС імені Марека Карпа. Висновки. Отже, оглядачі ЦСС упродовж другого року російсько-української війни досить ретельно стежили за усіма подіями (як на зовнішній, так і на внутрішній арені). На думку аналітиків ЦСС, символічною датою завершення другого року війни став вихід ЗСУ із Авдіївки (19 лютого 2024 р.). У своїх текстах аналітики ЦСС найбільше уваги приділяють бойовим діям на фронті, політичним процесам, соціально-економічним, інформаційно-безпековим, екологічним, освітнім, культурним, релігійним проблемам, політиці західних країн щодо війни та загалом безпеки в Європі. Упродовж цього року основна увага оглядачів була прикута до боїв за Бахмут, розпочатого ЗСУ 4 червня контрнаступу, відновлення транспортного коридору Чорним морем, досягнутого завдяки ударам по кораблях Чорноморського флоту, експорту зернових, атаки українських дронів на військові, енергетичні та нафтові об’єкти на території Російської Федерації, вступ України у ЄС, підписання безпекових угод та внутрішніх процесах у ній тощо. Водночас аналітики у своїх публікаціях виявляють й цілу низку негативних чинників, які безпосередньо впливали на фронт –корупційні скандали, політична конкуренція, яка досягла піку звільненням Валерія Залужного з посади Головнокомандувача тощо. Отже, читач має змогу отримати цілісне уявлення про головні аспекти війни. Мабуть, основним висновком є думка директора Центру східних студій Войцех Конончук, що Україні для захисту та перемоги необхідне озброєння, а відповідно – політична воля та швидкі рішення західних країн.
ЗНАХІДКИ ДЕКОРАТИВНИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ КІНСЬКОЇ ЗБРУЇ ДЛЯ ВЕРХОВОЇ ЇЗДИ РИМСЬКОГО ЧАСУ З ОКОЛИЦІ с. РИХТИЧІ НА ДРОГОБИЧЧИНІ
Authors: ОНИЩУК Ярослав , СЕРКІЗ Роман 
Published: July 2024

Мета дослідження полягає у вивченні та введенні до наукового обігу комплексу знахідок декоративних елементів кінської збруї з околиць села Рихтичі біля Дрогобича в контексті культурно-історичних процесів, які проходили на території Східного Прикарпаття і Західної Волині в римський період. Їхніми учасниками була різноетнічна варварська людність, яка приходить на ці землі з Середнього Подунав’я в час або після завершення Маркоманських війн (ост. чв. ІІ ст. н. е.) і зникає у фазі міграції готських племен у Північне Причорномор’я (ІІІ ст. н. е.). Методологія дослідження ґрунтується на різноманітних принципах наукового дослідження: історизму, об'єктивності, системності, які визначили застосування як загальнонаукових (аналітичного, статистичного, історичної ретроспективи й перспективи, синтезу та аналізу), так і спеціальних (порівняльно-типологічного, стратиграфічного, картографічного, матеріалознавчого аналізу та ін.) методів вивчення. Це дало змогу різнобічно та критично підійти до вивчення проблем виникнення, характеру та значення комплексу знахідок з околиць Рихтич і забезпечило вірогідність отриманих результатів й висновків. Наукова новизна роботи полягає у дослідженні та введенні до наукового обігу унікального на землях України набору декоративних елементів кінської збруї для верхової їзди з Рихтич і визначенні його місця серед подібних комплексів на території Центральної Європи. Висновки. У результаті досліджень встановлено, що знахідка декоративних елементів кінської збруї для верхової їзди з Рихтич відображає складні події періоду останньої чверті ІІ ст. н. е., пов’язані з Маркоманськими війнами у Середньому Подунав’ї. На основі низки аналогій з території Центральної та Північної Європи визначено, що комплекс може бути вотивним приношенням богам за успіх у вирішенні певних справ, позитивний результат у досягненні поставленої мети тощо. У варварських суспільствах їх робили у водних середовищах (ріки, озера, болота), на вершинах або пологих схилах пагорбів, щілинах скель. Знахідка з Рихтич може маркувати один зі шляхів міграції певної групи людності з Середньодунайського регіону через Карпати у Західне Побужжя.
The Toxicity Effects of Ash Emitted from Durah Power Plant on Pleuroxus hamulatus Birge, 1910 (Cladocera: Crustacea)
Authors: Al-Naymi Noor A. Sh. , Nashaat Muhanned R. , Abed Intisar F. 
Published: June 2024

Durah power plant (DPP) ash acute toxicity estimation was done by exposing Cladoceran Pleuroxus hamulatus Birge, 1910 to different ash concentrations. Thus, this study was regarded as pioneering by evaluating these effluents' harmful effects on the chosen laboratory food chain individuals. The LC50 of ash on P. hamulatus were 0.04, 0.02 and 0.01 ppt during 24, 48 and 72 hr. respectively. On the other hand, our result showed that the increase in the ash concentrations leads to the maximum increase in mortality percentages value. Additionally, there were some clear behavioral changes seen in the animals, including slowness at first, followed by settling on the bottom of the beakers with stopped thorax, antennae appendages and a weak heartbeat. It was also observed that the survival was inhibited, and the mortality rate increased which may be due to the presence of toxic ash elements and the pH level change, both of which had a negative impact. The current study concluded that the acute toxicity exposure on P. hamulatus had harmful effects on all biological aspects of this aquatic food chain organisms.
Solving the System of Two-Dimensional Coupled Burgers' Equations byModified Variational Iteration Method with Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Mustafa Ali A. , Al-Hayani Waleed 
Published: June 2024

In this paper, a new modified variational iteration method (MVIM) with a genetic algorithm has been applied for solving nonlinear partial differential equations. Therefore, a new correction function through an auxiliary parameter that makes sure the convergence of the standard method and improved results by using genetic techniques are introduced. The standard variational iteration method (VIM) is first applied to solve numerically the system of two-dimensional coupled Burgers' equations. Then an improvement on this method is done. Numerical experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the efficiency and high-order accuracy of this method. The algorithm converges readily which yields correct solutions. Better accuracy in comparison with other previous methods has been noticed. Moreover, the method can be easily applied to a wide number of linear and nonlinear differential equations with better accuracy.
Fully Polyform Modules and Related Concepts
Authors: Muhammad Maria , Ahmed Muna Abbas 
Published: June 2024

An R-module M is called a polyform module if every essential submodule of M is rational. The main objective of this paper is to introduce a new concept of modules named fully polyform modules. This kind of module is contained in the class of polyform modules. We study in detail fully polyform modules, so several properties of this concept are investigated. Other characterizations and partial characterisations (i.e., satisfied by certain conditions) of the definition of fully polyform module analogous to those known in the concept of a polyform module are given and discussed. For instance, we proved that a module M is a fully polyform module if and only if M)=0 for each P-essential submodule N of M and for each V≤M with NÍVÍM. Relationships between this class of modules and some other related concepts are discussed such as monoform, QI-monoform, essentially quasi-Dedekind, essentially prime and St-polyform modules. Moreover, useful concepts and their influence or relationships with fully polyform modules such as P-uniform and Pe-prime modules are introduced.
Multilevel Cryptography Model using RC5, Twofish, and Modified Serpent Algorithms
Authors: Hoobi Mays M. 
Published: June 2024

Due to the rapid development of digital communication systems, information security is now essential for both the storage and exchange of data. Security has become a key research axis as a result of the rapid evolution of network technologies. The transmission of digital data is necessary for various forms of communication. Particularly in applications requiring a high level of security, like surveillance applications, military applications, biometric applications, and radar applications, where this transmission should be secure. Thus, data is normally encoded through the technique of encryption to prevent unauthorized access. The current imperative is for cyber security to guarantees the integrity and confidentiality of data transmission over the internet and offer defense against hostile attacks. To ensure the security and dependability of digital data transmission, the goal of this research is to create and analyze a robust multilevel cryptography model using three cases. Those cases include: case 1 utilized the RC5 algorithm only. Case 2 examined the use of RC5 together with the Twofish algorithms, and case 3 employed a combination of three effective algorithms in sequential order (RC5 with Twofish and Modified Serpent). The results were analyzed and showed that case 3—which encrypts data by applying three effective algorithms sequentially—is preferable. This case offers a performance model for various combinations of the symmetric key cryptography algorithms RC5, Twofish, and modified Serpent. Utilizing analysis tools including entropy, floating frequency, histogram, autocorrelation, and brute force attack, the three cases were compared.