bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trade‐off between thermal tolerance and insecticide resistance in Plutella xylostella
Authors: Zhang Lin Jie , Wu Zhao Li , Wang Kuan Fu , Liu Qun , Zhuang Hua Mei , Wu Gang 
Published: January 2015

AbstractFitness costs associated with resistance to insecticides have been well documented, usually at normal temperature conditions, in many insect species. In this study, using chlorpyrifos‐resistant homozygote (RR) and chlorpyrifos‐susceptible homozygote (SS) of resistance ace1 allele of Plutella xylostella (DBM), we confirmed firstly that high temperature experience in pupal stage influenced phenotype of wing venation in insecticide‐resistant and insecticide‐susceptible Plutella xylostella, and SS DBM showed significantly higher thermal tolerance and lower damages of wing veins under heat stress than RR DBM. As compared to SS DBM, RR DBM displayed significantly lower AChE sensitivity to chlorpyrifos, higher basal GSTs activity and P450 production at 25°C, but higher inhibitions on the enzyme activities and P450 production as well as reduced resistance to chlorpyrifos under heat stress. Furthermore, RR DBM displayed significantly higher basal expressions of hsp69s, hsp72s, hsp20, hsp90, Apaf‐1, and caspase‐7 at 25°C, but lower induced expressions of hsps and higher induced expressions of Apaf‐1, caspase‐9, and caspase‐7 under heat stress. These results suggest that fitness costs of chlorpyrifos resistance in DBM may partly attribute to excess consumption of energy caused by over production of detoxification enzymes and hsps when the proteins are less demanded at conducive environments but reduced expressions when they are highly demanded by the insects to combat environmental stresses, or to excess expressions of apoptotic genes under heat stress, which results in higher apoptosis. The evolutionary and ecological implications of these findings at global warming are discussed.
Quantifying water requirements of riparian river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) in the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia – implications for the management of environmental flows
Authors: Doody Tanya M. , Colloff Matthew J. , Davies Micah , Koul Vijay , Benyon Richard G. , Nagler Pamela L. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWater resource development and drought have altered river flow regimes, increasing average flood return intervals across floodplains in the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia, causing health declines in riparian river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) forests and woodlands. Environmental flow allocations helped to alleviate water stress during the recent Millennium Drought (1997–2010); however, quantification of the flood frequency required to support healthy E. camaldulensis communities is still needed. We quantified water requirements of E. camaldulensis for 2 years across a flood gradient (trees inundated at frequencies of 1:2, 1:5 and 1:10 years) at Yanga National Park, New South Wales, to help inform management decision‐making and design of environmental flows. Sap flow, evaporative losses and soil moisture measurements were used to determine transpiration, evapotranspiration and plant‐available soil water before and after flooding. A formula was developed using plant‐available soil water post‐flooding and average annual rainfall, to estimate maintenance time of soil water reserves in each flood frequency zone. Results indicated that soil water reserves could sustain 1:2 and 1:5 trees for 15 months and 6 years, respectively. Trees regulated their transpiration rates, allowing them to persist within their flood frequency zone, and showed reduction in active sapwood area and transpiration rates when flood frequencies exceeded 1:2 years. A leaf area index of 0·5 was identified as a potential threshold indicator of severe drought stress. Our results suggest that environmental water managers may have greater flexibility to adaptively manage floodplains in order to sustain E. camaldulensis forests and woodlands than has been appreciated hitherto. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does hydrological connectivity determine the benthic macroinvertebrate structure in oxbow lakes?
Authors: Obolewski Krystian , Glińska‐Lewczuk Katarzyna , Strzelczak Agnieszka 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn this study, we analyse the qualitative and quantitative structure of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in three oxbow lakes differing in hydrological connectivity, located along the lowland Łyna River (NE Poland). The lakes differed in the extent of surface contact with the main river channel and represented lotic, semi‐lotic, and lentic types of water bodies. Mean benthofauna density ranged from 0.9 · 103 (lentic) to 2.0 · 103 indiv. m−2 (semi‐lotic) and mean biomass ranged from 16 (lentic) to 202 gww m−2 (semi‐lotic); these differences were not statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). The diversity (Shannon's index) was highest in the lotic and lowest in the lentic ecosystem. It was predominated by Oligochaeta and Chironomidae larvae. The highest, statistically significant differences were observed between the densities of Ephemeroptera larvae (P ≤ 0.05), Megaloptera larvae (P ≤ 0.05) and Arachnida (P ≤ 0.01). In terms of biomass, gastropods prevailed in the semi‐lotic, bivalves in the lotic and Chironomidae larvae in the lentic ecosystems. Amongst gastropods, Viviparus viviparus L. dominated in oxbows connected with the river. Our results, supported by the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis showed a significant effect of hydrological connectivity, which in a direct or indirect way influenced the macroinvertebrate structure in oxbow lakes. As shown by CCA, a free exchange of water between oxbows and the river channel promotes favourable conditions for the development of hydrobionts. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surface‐Selective Deposition of a Reusable Gold Catalyst on a Thin Film of Metal Hydroxide Nanocrystals
Authors: Cho Hye Ran , Lee Jong Hyeon 
Published: January 2015

AbstractWe have developed a simple and facile method to fabricate gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) deposited on thin films of layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocrystals. The oriented thin film of LDH nanocrystals was employed for the preferential deposition of Au NPs by in situ growth of Au NPs on the monolayer thin film of LDH nanocrystals, which effectively provided a large and uniform active hydroxide surface for deposition of a dense monolayer of Au NPs. The reactive hydroxide groups and the positive potential of the LDH surfaces play an important role in the uniform growth of the Au NPs and in their stabilization against agglomeration. This LDH‐supported Au NP catalyst exhibits superior catalytic efficiency and reusability without significant loss in conversion efficiency for the reduction of p‐nitrophenol with NaBH4, maintaining more than 96 % catalytic conversion efficiency.
Synthesis of [(1,2,3‐Triazol‐1‐yl)methyl]boronic Acids Through Click Chemistry: Easy Access to a Potential Scaffold for Protease Inhibitors
Authors: Romagnoli Chiara , Caselli Emilia , Prati Fabio 
Published: January 2015

AbstractStereoselective synthesis of previously unreported [(1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)methyl]boronic acids has been achieved from azidomethylboronates by copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction. The proximity of the cycloaddition reaction center to the boronic group is not detrimental to the stability of the sp3 C–B bond or to the stereoisomeric composition, which further expands the field of application of click chemistry to new boronate substrates and offers a new potential scaffold for protease inhibitors.
Synthesis of 3‐Fluoro‐2‐hetarylindoles and 3,3‐Difluoro‐2‐hetarylindolines through Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Formation of 3,3‐Difluoroindolium Ions
Authors: Fong Jacqueline Zi Mei , Choo Simon Sze Shiong , Richard Jean‐Alexandre , Garland Marc V. , Guo Liangfeng , Johannes Charles W. , Nguyen Tuan Minh 
Published: January 2015

AbstractSynthesis of 3‐fluoro‐2‐hetarylindoles through addition of hetarenes to 3,3‐difluoroindolium ions generated in situ by Zn(OTf)2‐catalyzed oxazolidine ring opening is described. Indoles, pyrroles and alkyl‐substituted furans can be used as hetaryl nucleophiles to afford a range of 3‐fluoro‐2‐hetarylindole products 6 in 56–95 % yields. A diverse array of 3,3‐difluorinated 2‐hetarylindolines 7 can also be synthesized in 43–84 % yields by a tandem sequential process that involves hetarene nucleophilic addition, HF elimination and fluorocyclization reactions. Our study by 1H NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy reveals that 3,3‐difluorinated 2‐hetarylindolines possess interesting substituent‐dependent acidochromic properties. UV absorption and fluorescence spectra of selected compounds 6 and 7 are also studied.
Prognosis and course of pain in patients with chronic non‐specific low back pain: A 1‐year follow‐up cohort study
Authors: Verkerk K. , Luijsterburg P.A.J. , Heymans M.W. , Ronchetti I. , Pool‐Goudzwaard A.L. , Miedema H.S. , Koes B.W. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractBackgroundIt remains unclear to what extent patients recover from chronic non‐specific low back pain (NSLBP). The objective of this study was to determine (1) the course of chronic NSLBP in tertiary care and (2) which factors predicted 5‐ and 12‐month outcomes.MethodsThis prospective study includes 1760 chronic NSLBP patients from a rehabilitation clinic (mean age 40.1 years, SD 10.6). After baseline measurement, patients followed a 2‐month multidisciplinary therapy programme; evaluation took place at 2, 5 and 12 months post baseline. Recovery was defined as (1) relative recovery [30% improvement on the pain, visual analogue scale (VAS) compared with baseline] and (2) absolute recovery (VAS pain ≤ 10 mm). The multivariate logistic regression analysis included 23 baseline characteristics.ResultsPatient‐reported intensity of back pain decreased from 55.5 (SD 23.0) at baseline to 37.0 (SD 23.8), 35.3 (SD 26.1) and 32.3 (SD 26.9) at 2‐, 5‐ and 12‐month follow‐up, respectively. Younger age, back pain at baseline, no psychological/physical dysfunction (Symptom Check List‐90, item 9), and higher baseline scores on the physical component scale and mental component scale of quality of life (Short Form‐36) were positively associated with recovery at 5 and 12 months. At 5‐month follow‐up, higher work participation at baseline was also a prognostic factor for both definitions of recovery. At 12‐month follow‐up, having co‐morbidity was predictive for both definitions.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that in chronic NSLBP patients, bio‐psychosocial prognostic factors may be important for clinicians when predicting recovery in back pain intensity during a 1‐year period.
Ecotoxicological thresholds—practical application to an industrial inventory
Authors: Gutsell Steve , Hodges Geoff , Marshall Stuart , Roberts Jayne 
Published: January 2015

Abstract

The concept of thresholds of toxicological concern as a potentially useful tool in environmental risk assessment has been applied to the inventory of a home and personal care products company to derive a series of chemical class–based ecotoxicological threshold of concern (ecoTTC) values. Cationic chemicals of various types show notably higher toxicity than other classes and should be treated separately. Despite this, the ecoTTC for the full data set in the present study is only slightly lower than that derived previously for chemicals causing toxicity via Verhaar modes of action (MoAs) 1 to 3. Exclusion of cationic chemicals resulted in an ecoTTC value slightly higher than the MoA 1 to 3 value. These observations indicate that such data sets contain few specifically acting chemicals. The applicability of threshold approaches in environmental risk assessment has been extended to include a limited number of inorganic/organometallic chemicals, polymers, and all classes of surfactants. The use of such ecoTTC values in conjunction with mode of action–based quantitative structure–activity relationships will allow the efficient screening and prioritization of large inventories of heterogeneous chemicals, focusing resources on those chemicals that require additional information to better understand any potential risk. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:935–942. © 2015 SETAC
Identifying evaluation considerations for the recovery and restoration from the 2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill: An initial appraisal of stakeholder concerns and values
Authors: Carriger John F , Jordan Stephen J , Kurtz Janis C , Benson William H 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Understanding what can be achieved and what should be avoided by environmental management decisions requires an understanding of values, or what is cared about in a decision. Decision analysis provides tools and processes for constructing objectives that transparently reflect the values being considered in environmental management decisions. The present study demonstrates parts of the initial decision analysis steps for identifying a decision context and constructing objectives for the recovery and long-term restoration of the Gulf of Mexico following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill. From a review of multiple reports, including those developed by policy makers and nongovernmental organizations, a preliminary structuring of concerns and considerations into objectives was derived to highlight features of importance in the recovery from the spill and long-term restoration. The fundamental objectives constructed for the long-term restoration context reflect broader concerns regarding well-being and quality of life. When developed through stakeholder engagement processes, clarifying objectives can potentially 1) lend insight into the values that can be affected, 2) meaningfully include stakeholders in the decision-making process, 3) enhance transparency and communication, and 4) develop high-impact management strategies reflecting broad public interests. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2015;11:502–513. Published 2015 SETAC. This article is a US government work and is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Key Points
Decision analysis tools and methods can foster significant contributions from stakeholders, whose values can clarify important features of large-scale environmental management decisions. The restoration of the Gulf of Mexico has potential environmental, economic, and social consequences for a diverse group of stakeholders across a broad geographic region and over multiple time scales. Understanding these post-restoration consequences is key for the informed management of the Gulf and its resources. Characterizing objectives can help define and operationalize the social, economic, and environmental pillars of sustainability to apprise policy and decision making by coastal communities.
In vitro biodegradation behavior, mechanical properties, and cytotoxicity of biodegradable Zn–Mg alloy
Authors: Gong Haibo , Wang Kun , Strich Randy , Zhou Jack G. 
Published: January 2015

AbstractZinc–Magnesium (Zn–Mg) alloy as a novel biodegradable metal holds great potential in biodegradable implant applications as it is more corrosion resistant than Magnesium (Mg). However, the mechanical properties, biodegradation uniformity, and cytotoxicity of Zn–Mg alloy remained as concerns. In this study, hot extrusion process was applied to Zn–1 wt % Mg (Zn–1Mg) to refine its microstructure. Effects of hot extrusion on biodegradation behavior and mechanical properties of Zn–1Mg were investigated in comparison with Mg rare earth element alloy WE43. Metallurgical analysis revealed significant grain size reduction, and immersion test found that corrosion rates of WE43 and Zn–1Mg were reduced by 35% and 57%, respectively after extrusion. Moreover, hot extrusion resulted in a much more uniform biodegradation in extruded Zn–1Mg alloy and WE43. In vitro cytotoxicity test results indicated that Zn–1Mg alloy was biocompatible. Therefore, hot extruded Zn–1Mg with homogenous microstructure, uniform as well as slow degradation, improved mechanical properties, and good biocompatibility was believed to be an excellent candidate material for load‐bearing biodegradable implant application. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1632–1640, 2015.
Overexpression of Zinc‐Finger Protein 777 (ZNF777) Inhibits Proliferation at Low Cell Density Through Down‐Regulation of FAM129A
Authors: Yuki Ryuzaburo , Aoyama Kazumasa , Kubota Sho , Yamaguchi Noritaka , Kubota Shoichi , Hasegawa Hitomi , Morii Mariko , Huang Xiayu , Liu Kang , Williams Roy , Fukuda Michiko N. , Yamaguchi Naoto 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTKrüppel‐associated box‐containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB‐ZFPs) regulate a wide range of cellular processes. KRAB‐ZFPs have a KRAB domain, which binds to transcriptional corepressors, and a zinc finger domain, which binds to DNA to activate or repress gene transcription. Here, we characterize ZNF777, a member of KRAB‐ZFPs. We show that ZNF777 localizes to the nucleus and inducible overexpression of ZNF777 inhibits cell proliferation in a manner dependent on its zinc finger domain but independent of its KRAB domain. Intriguingly, ZNF777 overexpression drastically inhibits cell proliferation at low cell density but slightly inhibits cell proliferation at high cell density. Furthermore, ZNF777 overexpression decreases the mRNA level of FAM129A irrespective of cell density. Importantly, the protein level of FAM129A strongly decreases at low cell density, but at high cell density the protein level of FAM129A does not decrease to that observed at low cell density. ZNF777‐mediated inhibition of cell proliferation is attenuated by overexpression of FAM129A at low cell density. Furthermore, ZNF777‐mediated down‐regulation of FAM129A induces moderate levels of the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor p21. These results suggest that ZNF777 overexpression inhibits cell proliferation at low cell density and that p21 induction by ZNF777‐mediated down‐regulation of FAM129A plays a role in inhibition of cell proliferation. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 954–968, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Epigenetic States of Nephron Progenitors and Epithelial Differentiation
Authors: Adli Mazhar , Parlak Mahmut , Li Yuwen , El‐Dahr Samir S. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTIn mammals, formation of new nephrons ends perinatally due to consumption of mesenchymal progenitor cells. Premature depletion of progenitors due to prematurity or postnatal loss of nephrons due to injury causes chronic kidney disease and hypertension. Intensive efforts are currently invested in designing regenerative strategies to form new nephron progenitors from pluripotent cells, which upon further differentiation provide a potential source of new nephrons. To know if reprogramed renal cells can maintain their identity and fate requires knowledge of the epigenetic states of native nephron progenitors and their progeny. In this article, we summarize current knowledge and gaps in the epigenomic landscape of the developing kidney. We now know that Pax2/PTIP/H3K4 methyltransferase activity provides the initial epigenetic specification signal to the metanephric mesenchyme. During nephrogenesis, the cap mesenchyme housing nephron progenitors is enriched in bivalent chromatin marks; as tubulogenesis proceeds, the tubular epithelium acquires H3K79me2. The latter mark is uniquely induced during epithelial differentiation. Analysis of histone landscapes in clonal metanephric mesenchyme cell lines and in Wilms tumor and normal fetal kidney has revealed that promoters of poised nephrogenesis genes carry bivalent histone signatures in progenitors. Differentiation or stimulation of Wnt signaling promotes resolution of bivalency; this does not occur in Wilms tumor cells consistent with their developmental arrest. The use of small cell number ChIP‐Seq should facilitate the characterization of the chromatin landscape of the metanephric mesenchyme and various nephron compartments during nephrogenesis. Only then we will know if stem and somatic cell reprogramming into kidney progenitors recapitulates normal development. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 893–902, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MiR‐540 as a Novel Adipogenic Inhibitor Impairs Adipogenesis Via Suppression of PPARγ
Authors: Chen Lin , Chen Yuanwei , Zhang Sheng , Ye Lanfeng , Cui Junhui , Sun Quan , Li Kaide , Wu Hanjiang , Liu Lei 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTA better understanding of the molecular mechanisms in adipogenesis may provide new insights into adipose tissue‐related diseases. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a class of epigenetic regulators of stem cell differentiation. In this study, we found that miR‐540 was an essential negative regulator of adipogenic differentiation in adipose tissue‐derived stromal cells (ADSCs). Lentivirus‐mediated overexpression of miR‐540 resulted in blockade of the expression of C/EBP‐α and PPARγ, the two master transcription factors of adipogenesis, and deficient lipid accumulation, whereas inhibition of miR‐540 promoted these processes. Target gene reporter assays showed that miR‐540 directly targeted the 3′‐untranslated region (3′UTR) of PPARγ, resulting in a decrease of PPARγ protein expression. Collectively, these data suggest that miR‐540 represents a new adipogenic inhibitor by, at least in part, targeting PPARγ. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 969–976, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dynamic Mitochondrial Localisation of STAT3 in the Cellular Adipogenesis Model 3T3‐L1
Authors: Kramer Adam H. , Edkins Adrienne L. , Hoppe Heinrich C. , Prinsloo Earl 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACTA mechanistic relationship exists between protein localisation, activity and cellular differentiation. Understanding the contribution of these molecular mechanisms is required for elucidation of conditions that drive development. Literature suggests non‐canonical translocation of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) to the mitochondria contributes to the regulation of the electron transport chain, cellular respiration and reactive oxygen species production. Based on this we investigated the role of mitochondrial STAT3, specifically the serine 727 phosphorylated form, in cellular differentiation using the well‐defined mouse adipogenic model 3T3‐L1. Relative levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the levels and dynamic localization of pSTAT3S727 were investigated during the initiation of adipogenesis. As a signalling entity, ROS is known to regulate the activation of C/EBPβ to stimulate a critical cascade of events prior to differentiation of 3T3‐L1. Results indicate that upon induction of the differentiation programme, relative levels of mitochondrial pSTAT3S727 dramatically decrease in the mitochondria; in contrast the total cellular pSTAT3S727 levels increase. A positive correlation between increasing levels of ROS and dynamic changes in C/EBPβ indicate that mitochondrial STAT3 plays a potential critical role as an initiator of the process. Based on these findings we propose a model for mitochondrial STAT3 as a regulator of ROS in adipogenesis. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1232–1240, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.