bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of sentinel node use in lymphedema formation among gynecologic cancer patients
Authors: Gracia Myriam , Alonso-Espías María , Zapardiel Ignacio 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
The most common surgical procedure associated with lymphedema formation is the regional lymphadenectomy. One of the advantages of sentinel node biopsy is the reduction of the risk of lymphedema formation. The purpose of this review is to collect and analyze the most relevant and recent evidence of the use of sentinel node biopsy and its implication on the development of postoperative lymphedema in gynecological cancer.

Recent findings
The current evidence of the use of sentinel node biopsy in cervical cancer to reduce lymphedema is heterogeneous and more data is needed to establish its role.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in endometrial cancer is a staging procedure with lower surgical complications, as well as lymphedema formation; while the results of prospective trials evaluating its impact on quality of life are still lacking.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in vulvar cancer minimizes the need for extensive dissection and reduces the incidence of complications associated with overharvesting of lymph nodes such as lymphedema without compromising oncological outcomes.

Summary
The prevalence of lymphedema in gynecological cancer varies based on the surgical treatment or additional therapies applied. Over the past years, one of the most important surgical modifications to decrease lymphedema formation has been implementation of sentinel lymph node technique mainly in vulvar cancer patients.
Benefits of sentinel node detection in cervical cancer
Authors: Alonso-Espías María , Gracia Myriam , Zapardiel Ignacio 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a widely used technique in other gynaecological tumours but has not yet been implemented as the gold standard technique for nodal staging in cervical cancer. Since the majority of evidence is derived from retrospective studies, this review aims to summarize the most recent evidence on this relevant topic.

Recent findings
SLNB has demonstrated to be a well tolerated technique for lymph node staging in early-stage cervical cancer patients with promising future as exclusive lymph node assessment method avoiding full lymphadenectomy. Moreover, it allows ultrastaging and unfrequent drainage identification, which enables the detection of patients at a high risk of recurrence who would otherwise remain unnoticed. When compared with pelvic lymphadenectomy, SLNB is also associated with less intraoperative and postoperative complications, especially in terms of lymphedema formation.

Summary
The available evidence suggests that SLNB offers numerous advantages over the standard pelvic lymphadenectomy reducing morbidity rates and increasing diagnostic accuracy. Three ongoing prospective trials will likely answer the controversies over these questions.
What is the best salvage therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma?
Authors: Luttwak Efrat , Moskowitz Alison J. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
Historically, salvage chemotherapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant (HDT/ASCT) was the mainstay approach for relapsed or refractory classic HL. The emergence of novel agents for HL, such as brentuximab vedotin and programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade has revolutionized therapeutic strategies, yielding excellent results. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of new salvage therapies and offer insights into forthcoming therapeutic options.

Recent findings
The incorporation of brentuximab vedotin and PD-1 blockade into salvage therapy before HDT/ASCT has led to markedly improved outcomes. Notably, PD-1 based salvage studies yield posttransplant 2-year progression-free survival rates approaching 90%, marking a significant advancement in the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Studies are beginning to explore nontransplant treatment approaches following front-line treatment failure and may identify certain risk groups eligible for these strategies.

Summary
The landscape of HL treatment is rapidly evolving, leading to significant changes in the standard of care. Novel agents are now administered earlier in the disease course, resulting in higher cure rates. The focus of treatment is shifting towards achieving cure with minimal toxicity, reducing exposure to various agents, and advancing research in optimizing treatment sequencing and patient selection for less intensive therapies.
How to treat localized Hodgkin lymphoma?
Authors: Bernard Wivine , André M. , Crochet G. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of review
We aim to summarize the current knowledge on the management of early-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma, with a focus on conventional strategies, incorporation of immunotherapies and exploration of novel prognostic markers.

Recent findings
Long-term data on combined modalities (associating chemotherapy and radiotherapy) still supports their benefit in terms of progression free survival compared to chemotherapy alone in both early favourable and early unfavourable interim PET-negative classical Hodgkin Lymphoma. Novel agents, such as Brentuximab Vedotin and checkpoints inhibitors show promising and impressive results when added to first-line treatment. Various strategies have been used, mainly in phase 2 non randomized clinical trials. Interim PET-scan has limited prognostic value and its role in regimens incorporating immunotherapies is yet unknown. Other prognosis markers emerge, such as metabolic tumour volume and circulating tumour DNA. By reflecting tumour burden pretreatment and minimal residual disease on treatment, they might be useful tools guiding treatment decisions.

Summary
Novel immunotherapy agents are likely to change the landscape in front-line management of classical early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma by combined modality treatment. Despite encouraging recent data, proof of their efficacy and safety on the longer term are still needed. Treatment decisions might be guided by new promising prognosis markers but their use in clinical practice is still to be determined.
Drugs Effective for Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs or Aspirin-induced Small Bowel Injuries
Authors: Choe Younghee , Park Jae Myung , Kim Joon Sung , Cho Yu Kyung , Kim Byung-Wook , Choi Myung-Gyu , Kim Na Jin 
Published: July 2024

Objective:
The frequency of small bowel (SB) injuries has increased due to the increased use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or aspirin. This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare drugs effective for SB injuries caused by NSAIDs or aspirin use.

Methods:
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane registries for randomized controlled trials through February 2023. The extracted data included changes in the number of erosions or ulcers in the jejunum or ileum observed through capsule endoscopy in patients taking NSAIDs or aspirin and administration of various mucoprotectants. We investigated the therapeutic or preventive efficacy of these drugs. The methodological bias was evaluated using Risk of Bias 2.0.

Results:
Eighteen randomized controlled trials of drugs effective for NSAIDs or aspirin-induced SB injuries were included and analyzed. The agents used to treat or prevent SB injuries were rebamipide, misoprostol, geranylgeranylacetone, and probiotics. In the meta-analysis, the mucoprotectants that showed a significant effect in treating NSAID users, who developed SB injuries, were misoprostol (mean difference: −9.88; 95% CI: −13.26 to −6.50). Meanwhile, the mucoprotectant that can prevent SB injuries caused by NSAIDs or aspirin in the general population was rebamipide (mean difference: −1.85; 95% CI: −2.74 to −0.96).

Conclusions:
Misoprostol was effective in treating SB injuries caused by NSAIDs or aspirin (CRD42023410946).
Treatment of the Buried Bumper Syndrome​​​​​
Authors: Steinbrück Ingo , Pohl Jürgen , Friesicke Matthias , Grothaus Johannes , von Hahn Thomas , Drews Jan , Faiss Siegbert , Kuellmer Armin , Otto Helge , Allgaier Hans-Peter 
Published: July 2024

Background and Goals:
The therapy of buried bumper syndrome (BBS) is difficult. The aim of this retrospective multicenter study was to analyze the treatment methods with focus on effectiveness and safety of endoscopic techniques.

Methods:
The analysis of all therapies and a comparison of the papillotome technique (PT) and needle knife–based nonpapillotome technique (NPT) were performed. Primary endpoint was technical success in one session, secondary endpoints overall technical success, number and duration of treatment sessions, SAE, and mortality.

Results:
The primary treatment of 160 BBS cases, diagnosed between 2003 and 2021, was NPT in 60 (37.5%), PT in 43 (26.9%), push/pull technique (PPT) in 40 (25.0%), no removal in 9 (5.6%), laparotomy in 7 (4.4%) cases, and external incision in 1 (0.6%) case. For PT and NPT rates of technical success in one session were 95.5% and 45.0% (P<0.01), rates of overall technical success 100% and 88.3% (P=0.02), and mean number and duration of treatment sessions 1.05 (±0.21) versus 1.70 (±0.91) (P<0.01) and 32.17 (±21.73) versus 98,00 (±62.28) minutes (P<0.01), respectively. No significant differences between PT and NPT were found for SAE (15.9% vs. 25.0%) and mortality (2.3% vs. 1.7%). For PPT, laparotomy and external incision rates of technical success in one session and overall technical success were 100%, rates of SAE 2.5%, 50.0%, and 0% and mortality 0%, 10.0%, and 0%.

Conclusions:
Endoscopic therapy of BBS is treatment of choice in most cases with removal of incomplete BB by PPT. In case of complete BB PT appears more effective than NPT.
Psychosocial Factors Associated With Long-Term Cognitive Impairment Among COVID-19 Survivors
Authors: Dang Wen , Li Wenjing , Liu Haotian , Li Chunyang , Zhu Tingxi , Bai Lin , Yang Runnan , Wang Jingyi , Liao Xiao , Liu Bo , Zhang Simai , Yuan Minlan , Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
COVID-19 survivors complained of the experience of cognitive impairments, which also called “brain fog” even recovered. The study aimed to describe long-term cognitive change and determine psychosocial factors in COVID-19 survivors. A cross-sectional study was recruited 285 participants from February 2020 to April 2020 in 17 hospitals in Sichuan Province. Cognitive function, variables indicative of the virus infection itself, and psychosocial variables were collected by telephone interview. Univariate logistic regression and Lasso logistic regression models were used for variable selection which plugged into a multiple logistics model. Overall prevalence of moderate or severe cognitive impairment was 6.3%. Logistic regression showed that sex, religion, smoking status, occupation, self-perceived severity of illness, sleep quality, perceived mental distress after COVID-19, perceived discrimination from relatives and friends, and suffered abuse were associated with cognitive impairment. The long-term consequences of cognitive function are related to multiple domains, in which psychosocial factors should be taken into consideration.
KLF10: a point of convergence in cancer cachexia
Authors: Epstein Savannah A. , Doles Jason D. , Dasgupta Aneesha 
Published: July 2024

Purpose of the review
Cancer-associated cachexia is a wasting syndrome entailing loss in body mass and a shortened life expectancy. There is currently no effective treatment to abrogate this syndrome, which leads to 20–30% of deaths in patients with cancer. While there have been advancements in defining signaling factors/pathways in cancer-induced muscle wasting, targeting the same in the clinic has not been as successful. Krüppel-like factor 10 (KLF10), a transcription factor implicated in muscle regulation, is regulated by the transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathway. This review proposes KLF10 as a potential convergence point of diverse signaling pathways involved in muscle wasting.

Recent findings
KLF10 was discovered as a target of transforming growth factor-beta decades ago but more recently it has been shown that deletion of KLF10 rescues cancer-induced muscle wasting. Moreover, KLF10 has also been shown to bind key atrophy genes associated with muscle atrophy in vitro.

Summary
There is an elevated need to explore targets in cachexia, which will successfully translate into the clinic. Investigating a convergence point downstream of multiple signaling pathways might hold promise in developing effective therapies for cachexia.
Forward and inverse problems for creep models in viscoelasticity
Authors: Itou H. , Kovtunenko V. A. , Nakamura G. 
Published: July 2024

This study examines a class of time-dependent constitutive equations used to describe viscoelastic materials under creep in solid mechanics. In nonlinear elasticity, the strain response to the applied stress is expressed via an implicit graph allowing multi-valued functions. For coercive and maximal monotone graphs, the existence of a solution to the quasi-static viscoelastic problem is proven by applying the Browder–Minty fixed point theorem. Moreover, for quasi-linear viscoelastic problems, the solution is constructed as a semi-analytic formula. The inverse viscoelastic problem is represented by identification of a design variable from non-smooth measurements. A non-empty set of optimal variables is obtained based on the compactness argument by applying Tikhonov regularization in the space of bounded measures and deformations. Furthermore, an illustrative example is given for the inverse problem of isotropic kernel identification.
This article is part of the theme issue 'Non-smooth variational problems with applications in mechanics'.
What is the physical origin of the gradient flow structure of variational fracture models?
Authors: Kimura Masato , Takaishi Takeshi , Tanaka Yoshimi 
Published: July 2024

We investigate a physical characterization of the gradient flow structure of variational fracture models for brittle materials: a Griffith-type fracture model and an irreversible fracture phase field model. We derive the Griffith-type fracture model by assuming that the fracture energy in Griffith’s theory is an increasing function of the crack tip velocity. Such a velocity dependence of the fracture energy is typically observed in polymers. We also prove an energy dissipation identity of the Griffith-type fracture model, in other words, its gradient flow structure. On the other hand, the irreversible fracture phase field model is derived as a unidirectional gradient flow of a regularized total energy. We have considered the time relaxation parameter a mathematical approximation parameter, which we should choose as small as possible. In this research, however, we reveal the physical origin of the gradient flow structure of the fracture phase field model (F-PFM) and show that the small time relaxation parameter is characterized as the rate of velocity dependence of the fracture energy. It is verified by comparing the energy dissipation properties of those two models and by analysing a travelling wave solution of the irreversible F-PFM.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Non-smooth variational problems with applications in mechanics’.
Sensing, feeling and regulating: investigating the association of focal brain damage with voluntary respiratory and motor control
Authors: Bischoff Henrik , Kovach Christopher , Kumar Sukbhinder , Bruss Joel , Tranel Daniel , Khalsa Sahib S. 
Published: July 2024

Breathing is a complex, vital function that can be modulated to influence physical and mental well-being. However, the role of cortical and subcortical brain regions in voluntary control of human respiration is underexplored. Here we investigated the influence of damage to human frontal, temporal or limbic regions on the sensation and regulation of breathing patterns. Participants performed a respiratory regulation task across regular and irregular frequencies ranging from 6 to 60 breaths per minute (bpm), with a counterbalanced hand motor control task. Interoceptive and affective states induced by each condition were assessed via questionnaire, and autonomic signals were indexed via skin conductance. Participants with focal lesions to the bilateral frontal lobe, right insula/basal ganglia and left medial temporal lobe showed reduced performance relative to individually matched healthy comparisons during the breathing and motor tasks. They also reported significantly higher anxiety during the 60 bpm regular and irregular breathing trials, with anxiety correlating with difficulty in rapid breathing specifically within this group. This study demonstrates that damage to frontal, temporal or limbic regions is associated with abnormal voluntary respiratory and motor regulation and tachypnoea-related anxiety, highlighting the role of the forebrain in affective and motor responses during breathing.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Sensing and feeling: an integrative approach to sensory processing and emotional experience’.
Misophonia reactions in the general population are correlated with strong emotional reactions to other everyday sensory–emotional experiences
Authors: Mednicoff Solena D. , Barashy Sivan , Vollweiler David J. , Benning Stephen D. , Snyder Joel S. , Hannon Erin E. 
Published: July 2024

Misophonic experiences are common in the general population, and they may shed light on everyday emotional reactions to multi-modal stimuli. We performed an online study of a non-clinical sample to understand the extent to which adults who have misophonic reactions are generally reactive to a range of audio-visual emotion-inducing stimuli. We also hypothesized that musicality might be predictive of one's emotional reactions to these stimuli because music is an activity that involves strong connections between sensory processing and meaningful emotional experiences. Participants completed self-report scales of misophonia and musicality. They also watched videos meant to induce misophonia, autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) and musical chills, and were asked to click a button whenever they had any emotional reaction to the video. They also rated the emotional valence and arousal of each video. Reactions to misophonia videos were predicted by reactions to ASMR and chills videos, which could indicate that the frequency with which individuals experience emotional responses varies similarly across both negative and positive emotional contexts. Musicality scores were not correlated with measures of misophonia. These findings could reflect a general phenotype of stronger emotional reactivity to meaningful sensory inputs.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Sensing and feeling: an integrative approach to sensory processing and emotional experience’.
Reorienting psychological science
Authors: McGann Marek 
Published: July 2024

Psychological phenomena occur across a wide range of scales, ranging from small, quick events of neurology and biology, to broader, more prolonged unfoldings typical of extended cultural practices. Although theories deployed by psychologists of different stripes have tended to incorporate these different scales, this is typically done in a manner that is implicit, and often unsystematic. That is, typical psychological research is conducted in a manner that is ‘scale-blind’. In this article, I explore some of the historical and more recent recognition of this scale-blindness and place it in the context of recent work on the concept and implications of scale. I conclude by elucidating some of the important ways in which behaviour settings theory, and the researchers who developed it, are explicit and disciplined in their approach to scale, and how such scale-aware work promises practical value in improving scientific practice.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘People, places, things, and communities: expanding behaviour settings theory in the twenty-first century’.
Running away from the marshmallow: the relevance of behaviour settings for a situated science of self-control
Authors: Kalis Annemarie , Pascoe Josephine , Segundo Ortin Miguel 
Published: July 2024

The behaviour settings approach was introduced as a means to study the variability of human beings’ behaviour outside the lab. More recently, it has been argued that it also provides a fruitful avenue for developing situated accounts of cognition. This article will provide a proof of concept for the latter suggestion, focusing on the science of self-control. Self-control is the ability of individuals to pursue goals they value in the face of conflicting motivations. The hypothesis we bring forward is that this ability should be understood as a set of skills by which individuals modulate their relation to their environment, more specifically the behaviour settings they inhabit. With this conception of self-control in hand, we will take a critical look at well-known experiments involving delayed gratification tasks and propose concrete suggestions on how to improve them. This will bring us to the conclusion that the behaviour settings framework might have a valuable role to play in developing a situated science of self-control.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘People, places, things and communities: expanding behaviour settings theory in the twenty-first century’.
Effects of robotic gait rehabilitation with Lokomat ® in vascular hemiplegia: a single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Michel-Sayeg Constance , Injeyan Soizic , Ropero Xavier , Arkoun Olivier , De Mil Rémy , Peskine Anne 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionGait rehabilitation after a stroke is a major concern in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Since 2007, « Le Normandy» rehabilitation center is equipped with robotic assisted gait training named “Lokomat”; vascular hemiplegic patients benefit from it. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Lokomat on the walking performance of hemiplegic patients after a stroke and to identify the influence of certain factors.MethodsThis was a retrospective, observational study conducted at « Le Normandy » rehabilitation center in Granville, France. All adult patients hospitalized between 2007 and 2018 for a first stroke within the last six months who completed a full Lokomat program were included. Medical data were collected : sex, age, type of stroke, time since the onset, modified Functional Ambulation Category (mFAC), date of stroke and results of the six minutes walking test (6MWT) before and after rehabilitation. The outcome was the difference between the 6MWT before and after the rehabilitation to determine the evolution of the walking capacity and factors associated with a gain.ResultsWe included 235 patients. The median gain on the 6MWT was 18 meters (p<0,01). Two factors were significantly associated with the 6MWT gain : rehabilitation phase and severity of stroke. The median gain was 21.22 meters (95% CI [1.86 ; 44.93]) for patients in early rehabilitation phase versus late rehabilitation phase. The median gain was 34.22 meters (95% CI [16.20 ; 74.69]) for ambulatory patients at the onset compared to non-ambulatory patient. There were no significant difference of median gain between men and women (3.22 meters 95% CI [−11.86 ; 19.48]), between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes (1.67 meters 95% CI [−10.59 ; 17.03]) and between the post-2016 and pre-2016 periods (6.22 meters 95% CI [−7.99 ; 32.78]). There was a decrease of 0.56 meters (95% CI [−0.99 ; 0.16]) per year at the 6MWT, and this result was not significant.ConclusionThere was a significant improvement in the 6MWT after robotic rehabilitation by Lokomat. This improvement was greater in patients in early rehabilitation phase and when the patient was initially ambulatory.