bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Structure of the Rubidium Uranium Selenophosphate Rb4U2P5Se17
Authors: Bellott Brian J. , Ibers James A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBlack crystals of the rubidium uranium selenophosphate Rb4U2P5Se17 have been prepared by the solid‐state reaction of uranium, P2Se5, and Rb2Se3 at 1023 K. The compound crystallizes with four formula units in the triclinic space group P$\bar{1}$ with cell constants at 100 K of a =10.0824(2), b = 10.6905(2), c = 15.7845(3) Å, α = 84.678(1), β = 76.125(1), γ = 85.874(1)°. Its complex three‐dimensional structure displays four different types of ligands that bridge uranium atoms. Three are P2Se64– anions in different bonding modes and the fourth is an asymmetric Se22– dianion. The compound may be written Rb4U2(P2Se6)2.5(Se2) and is charge‐balanced as a U4+ compound.
Zero Thermal Expansion in K0.46Co1.27[Fe(CN)6]·5.5H2O
Authors: Liu Min , Xu Ming‐Xiang 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThermal expansion of materials is a comparatively easy‐understood physical property. Prussian blue analogues are of particular interest in engineering as new zero thermal expansion materials. We investigated the thermal expansion in K0.46Co1.27[Fe(CN)6]·5.5H2O by x‐ray powder diffraction. This compound is a good example of a zero thermal expansion material. The origin of zero thermal expansion is considered to be the low frequency transverse vibrational motion of the cyano bridges.
Beam-helicity asymmetry arising from deeply virtual Compton scattering measured with kinematically complete event reconstruction
Authors:   The Hermes Collaboration, Airapetian A. , Akopov N. , Akopov Z. , Aschenauer E. C. , Augustyniak W. , Avakian R. , Avetissian A. , Avetisyan E. , Belostotski S. , Blok H. P. , Borissov A. , Bowles J. , Brodski I. , Bryzgalov V. , Burns J. , Capiluppi M. , Capitani G. P. , Cisbani E. , Ciullo G. , Contalbrigo M. , Dalpiaz P. F. , Deconinck W. , De Leo R. , De Nardo L. , De Sanctis E. , Diefenthaler M. , Di Nezza P. , Düren M. , Ehrenfried M. , Elbakian G. , Ellinghaus F. , Etzelmüller E. , Fabbri R. , Fantoni A. , Felawka L. , Frullani S. , Gapienko G. , Gapienko V. , Garibaldi F. , Gavrilov G. , Gharibyan V. , Giordano F. , Gliske S. , Golembiovskaya M. , Gregor I. M. , Guler H. , Hartig M. , Hasch D. , Hillenbrand A. , Hoek M. , Holler Y. , Hristova I. , Ivanilov A. , Jackson H. E. , Jo H. S. , Joosten S. , Kaiser R. , Karyan G. , Keri T. , Kinney E. , Kisselev A. , Korotkov V. , Kozlov V. , Krauss B. , Kravchenko P. , Krivokhijine V. G. , Lagamba L. , Lapikás L. , Lehmann I. , Lenisa P. , Ruiz A. López , Lorenzon W. , Lu S. , Lu X. , Ma B.-Q. , Mahon D. , Makins N. C. R. , Manaenkov S. I. , Manfré L. , Mao Y. , Marianski B. , de la Ossa A. Martinez , Marukyan H. , Miller C. A. , Miyachi Y. , Movsisyan A. , Murray M. , Mussgiller A. , Nappi E. , Naryshkin Y. , Nass A. , Negodaev M. , Nowak W.-D. , Osborne A. , Pappalardo L. L. , Perez-Benito R. , Petrosyan A. , Reimer P. E. , Reolon A. R. , Riedl C. , Rith K. , Rosner G. , Rostomyan A. , Rubacek L. , Rubin J. , Ryckbosch D. , Schäfer A. , Schnell G. , Schüler K. P. , Seitz B. , Shearer C. , Shibata T.-A. , Shutov V. , Stancari M. , Statera M. , Steijger J. J. M. , Stewart J. , Taroian S. , Terkulov A. , Truty R. , Trzcinski A. , Tytgat M. , Van Haarlem Y. , Van Hulse C. , Veretennikov D. , Vikhrov V. , Vilardi I. , Wang S. , Yaschenko S. , Ye Z. , Yen S. , Zagrebelnyy V. , Zeiler D. , Zihlmann B. , Zupranski P. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe beam-helicity asymmetry in exclusive electroproduction of real photons by the longitudinally polarized Hera positron beam scattering off an unpolarized hydrogen target is measured at Hermes. The asymmetry arises from deeply virtual Compton scattering and its interference with the Bethe-Heitler process. Azimuthal amplitudes of the beam-helicity asymmetry are extracted from a data sample consisting ofep→epγevents with detection of all particles in the final state including the recoiling proton. The installation of a recoil detector, while reducing the acceptance of the experiment, allows the elimination of background fromep→eN πγevents, which was estimated to contribute an average of about 12% to the signal in previous Hermes publications. The removal of this background from the present data sample is shown to increase the magnitude of the leading asymmetry amplitude by 0.054 ± 0.016 to −0.328 ± 0.027 (stat.) ± 0.045 (syst.).
An indigoidine biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces chromofuscus ATCC 49982 contains an unusual IndB homologue
Authors: Yu Dayu , Xu Fuchao , Valiente Jonathan , Wang Siyuan , Zhan Jixun 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
A putative indigoidine biosynthetic gene cluster was located in the genome of Streptomyces chromofuscus ATCC 49982. The silent 9.4-kb gene cluster consists of five open reading frames, named orf1, Sc-indC, Sc-indA, Sc-indB, and orf2, respectively. Sc-IndC was functionally characterized as an indigoidine synthase through heterologous expression of the enzyme in both Streptomyces coelicolor CH999 and Escherichia coli BAP1. The yield of indigoidine in E. coli BAP1 reached 2.78 g/l under the optimized conditions. The predicted protein product of Sc-indB is unusual and much larger than any other reported IndB-like protein. The N-terminal portion of this enzyme resembles IdgB and the C-terminal portion is a hypothetical protein. Sc-IndA and/or Sc-IndB were co-expressed with Sc-IndC in E. coli BAP1, which demonstrated the involvement of Sc-IndB, but not Sc-IndA, in the biosynthetic pathway of indigoidine. The yield of indigoidine was dramatically increased by 41.4 % (3.93 g/l) when Sc-IndB was co-expressed with Sc-IndC in E. coli BAP1. Indigoidine is more stable at low temperatures.
“I Didn't Know It Existed Before You Called”: Protestant Clergy Experience, Education and Perceptions Regarding Genetics
Authors: Lemons Jennifer , Ragsdale Judy , Vaughn Lisa , Grossoehme Daniel 
Published: October 2012

AbstractDespite the intrinsic role religious/spiritual (hereafter, R/S) beliefs have in patient clinical decision‐making and crisis coping, there is little research exploring the relationship that exists between clergy (professionals who provide R/S counsel and guidance) and genetic counseling patients. This qualitative, exploratory study was designed to explore Protestant clergy (N = 8) perceptions of and experience with genetics‐related issues. Data analysis revealed that a wide range of R/S perceptions regarding genetics‐related issues exist within Protestantism, Protestant clergy have a basic understanding of genetic testing and conditions, and while directive counseling is inherent to Protestant clergy counseling, there appears to exist two opposing styles: unbiased and biased. Based on this information, there are two main implications for genetic counseling clinical practice. First, R/S assessments need to be increasingly implemented into genetic counseling sessions, so that the psychosocial needs of patients with specific R/S beliefs can be identified and addressed. An increase in R/S assessments may be accomplished by increased exposure in genetic counselor training, continuing education opportunities, and by establishing relationships with board‐certified, professional chaplains. Second, genetic counselors can influence the genetic education and experience of clergy by raising awareness within their own R/S assemblies. Doing so can also serve to further educate genetic counselors in the R/S beliefs of their own traditions, thus increasing sensitivity, empathy and the quality of care provided.
Family Instability and Early Initiation of Sexual Activity in Western Kenya
Authors: Goldberg Rachel E. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Epidemiological, economic, and social forces have produced high levels of volatility in family and household structure for young people growing up in sub-Saharan Africa in recent decades. However, scholarship on the family to date has not examined the influence of this family instability on young people’s well-being. The current study employs unique life history calendar data from Western Kenya to investigate the relationship between instability in caregiving and early initiation of sexual activity. It draws on a body of work on parental union instability in the United States, and examines new dimensions of family change. Analyses reveal a positive association between transitions in primary caregiver and the likelihood of early sexual debut that is rapidly manifested following caregiver change and persists for a short period. The association is strongest at early ages, and there is a cumulative effect of multiple caregiver changes. The results highlight the importance of studying family stability in sub-Saharan Africa, as distinct from family structure, and for attention to dimensions such as age and recency.
Timing of stroke onset determines discharge‐functional status but not stroke severity: A hospital‐based study
Authors: Liou Li‐Min , Lin Hsiu‐Fen , Tsai Chin‐Ling , Lin Ruey‐Tay , Lai Chiou‐Lian 
Published: October 2012

AbstractCircadian variation of the onset time of acute ischemic stroke has been well studied. However, little is mentioned about the circadian variation of discharge‐stroke severity and discharge‐functional status. This study evaluated the impact of onset time on discharge‐stroke severity and the functional status of acute ischemic stroke. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 274 acute ischemic stroke patients (66.42% male; mean age = 64.81 ± 12.80 years). All times of onset were assigned to 4‐hourly periods (six groups) starting from midnight. Stroke severity/functional status was evaluated on admission and discharge using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score/modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Barthel Index (BI), respectively. Using mRS, but not NIHSS score and BI, it was possible to differentiate the best and worst groups on discharge. Patients in group 2 (4 to <8 am) and group 6 (8 to <12 pm) had best and worst functional status, respectively. To control other stroke risk factors, multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the role of onset time in discharge mRS. Aside from age, onset time was a significant indicator in mRS, while gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, and current smoking were not. In conclusion, there is also circadian variation of discharge‐functional status in patients with acute ischemic stroke when assessed by mRS.
Double Concussions and Cognitive Dysfunction: A Population Study of Young Men
Authors: Teasdale Thomas W. , Engberg Aase W. , Holte Linda G. 
Published: October 2012

Aims: To determine whether double concussions can result in longer-lasting cognitive dysfunctioning than a single concussion and/or whether cognitive dysfunction is a greater risk factor for double concussions than for a single concussion.Method: Through a national hospitalisation database, 2753 men were found who, at ages between infancy and early adulthood, had, on two separate occasions, been briefly hospitalised after a concussion. This cohort was compared with a previously obtained and comparable sample of men who had suffered a single concussion. From Draft Board records a dichotomised index was obtained indicating whether or not they had performed at or above a cut-off total score on a cognitive screening test involving four timed subtests, below cut-off being considered as dysfunctional.Findings: For all age groups, double concussions were associated with higher rates of cognitive dysfunction than single concussions. This was especially true where the concussion(s) had occurred after cognitive testing [odds ratio = 2.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.92–3.36]. Where double concussions had occurred before cognitive testing but after age 12, cognitive dysfunction was more prevalent when the interval between concussions was less than 1 month than at longer intervals (odds ratio = 3.91, 95%CI = 1.14–13.34). It is concluded that cognitive dysfunction in young men is a risk factor for repeat concussions; at the same time cognitive dysfunction can also be a long-term consequence of two concussions occurring in close temporal proximity.
Influences of Labour Participation Among Persons With Disabilities: A Systematic Review and Best Evidence Synthesis
Authors: Harder Henry G. , Rash Joshua A. , Nelson Sara 
Published: October 2012

A systematic literature review was conducted to assess the individual, organisation, societal, and legal influences of labour participation among individuals with a disability.Methods: Nine databases were searched, for peer-reviewed studies of individual, organisation, societal, and legal influences among disabled populations published between 1990 and 2010.Results: Of a total of 809 papers initially selected, only 46 studies were deemed to be of sufficient quality to be included in the review.Conclusions: Numerous studies have examined labour participation among persons with physical disabilities, some among persons with chronic disabilities, and few among persons with mental disabilities. Strong evidence was found for individual and organisation influences of labour participation among persons with physical disabilities in particular pain, catastrophising, job strain, and support. Only individual influences provided strong evidence among persons with chronic disabilities and no influences provided strong evidence among those with mental disabilities. The results are presented along with methodological weaknesses and future recommendations.
Association between dietary intake of micronutrients and cardiorespiratory fitness in Japanese men
Authors: Cao Zhen-Bo , Sasaki Azusa , Oh Taewoong , Miyatake Nobuyuki , Tsushita Kazuyo , Higuchi Mitsuru , Sasaki Satoshi , Tabata Izumi 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated that meeting the dietary recommendations for macronutrients was significantly associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels in adults. However, the relation between the status of micronutrient intake and CRF still remains unclear. This study examined the association between micronutrient intake status (based on adherence to the dietary reference intakes (DRI)) and CRF in Japanese men. The study comprised 373 Japanese men aged 30–69 years. Dietary intake was assessed with a self-administered diet history questionnaire. Overall micronutrient intake status was quantified using an overall nutrient adequacy score (ONAS) for thirteen selected micronutrients. ONAS was calculated based on adherence to the DRI for Japanese. CRF was defined as O2max during a maximal incremental test on a bicycle ergometer. Physical activity was measured using accelerometer-based activity monitors for seven consecutive days. We observed a significant inverse trend for the prevalence of inadequacy for the intake of vitamin A and Ca across incremental CRF categories (P < 0·05). In a multivariate model, the ONAS was positively associated with absolute (β = 0·10, P = 0·02) and relative O2max (β = 0·09, P = 0·04), independent of physical activity. The OR for being unfit (the lowest 25 % of the age-specific distribution of O2max) in the third ONAS tertile compared with the first ONAS tertile was 0·52 (95 % CI 0·28, 0·96). These results demonstrated that the intake of several individual micronutrients and overall micronutrient intake status are independently and positively associated with CRF in Japanese men.
Effect of 30 % nutrient restriction in the first half of gestation on maternal and fetal baboon serum amino acid concentrations
Authors: McDonald Thomas J. , Wu Guoyao , Nijland Mark J. , Jenkins Susan L. , Nathanielsz Peter W. , Jansson Thomas 
Published: October 2012

Mechanisms linking maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) to intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) and programming of adult disease remain to be established. The impact of controlled MNR on maternal and fetal amino acid metabolism has not been studied in non-human primates. We hypothesised that MNR in pregnant baboons decreases fetal amino acid availability by mid-gestation. We determined maternal and fetal circulating amino acid concentrations at 90 d gestation (90dG, term 184dG) in control baboons fed ad libitum (C, n 8) or 70 % of C (MNR, n 6). Before pregnancy, C and MNR body weights and circulating amino acids were similar. At 90dG, MNR mothers had lower body weight than C mothers (P< 0·05). Fetal and placental weights were similar between the groups. MNR reduced maternal blood urea N (BUN), fetal BUN and fetal BUN:creatinine. Except for histidine and lysine in the C and MNR groups and glutamine in the MNR group, circulating concentrations of all amino acids were lower at 90dG compared with pre-pregnancy. Maternal circulating amino acids at 90dG were similar in the MNR and C groups. In contrast, MNR fetal β-alanine, glycine and taurine all increased. In conclusion, maternal circulating amino acids were maintained at normal levels and fetal amino acid availability was not impaired in response to 30 % global MNR in pregnant baboons. However, MNR weight gain was reduced, suggesting adaptation in maternal–fetal resource allocation in an attempt to maintain normal fetal growth. We speculate that these adaptive mechanisms may fail later in gestation when fetal nutrient demands increase rapidly, resulting in IUGR.
The preventive effect of β-carotene on denervation-induced soleus muscle atrophy in mice
Authors: Ogawa Masahiro , Kariya Yoshihiro , Kitakaze Tomoya , Yamaji Ryoichi , Harada Naoki , Sakamoto Tatsuji , Hosotani Keisuke , Nakano Yoshihisa , Inui Hiroshi 
Published: October 2012

Muscle atrophy increases the production of reactive oxygen species and the expression of atrophy-related genes, which are involved in the ubiquitin–proteasome system. In the present study, we investigated the effects of β-carotene on oxidative stress (100 μm-H2O2)-induced muscle atrophy in murine C2C12 myotubes. β-Carotene (10 μm) restored the H2O2-induced decreased levels of myosin heavy chain and tropomyosin (P< 0·05,n3) and decreased the H2O2-induced increased levels of ubiquitin conjugates. β-Carotene reduced the H2O2-induced increased expression levels of E3 ubiquitin ligases (Atrogin-1 and MuRF1) and deubiquitinating enzymes (USP14 and USP19) (P< 0·05,n3) and attenuated the H2O2-induced nuclear localisation of FOXO3a. Furthermore, we determined the effects of β-carotene on denervation-induced muscle atrophy. Male ddY mice (8 weeks old,n30) were divided into two groups and orally pre-administered micelle with or without β-carotene (0·5 mg once daily) for 2 weeks, followed by denervation in the right hindlimb. β-Carotene was further administered once daily until the end of the experiment. At day 3 after denervation, the ratio of soleus muscle mass in the denervated leg to that in the sham leg was significantly higher in β-carotene-administered mice than in control vehicle-administered ones (P< 0·05,n5). In the denervated soleus muscle, β-carotene administration significantly decreased the expression levels of Atrogin-1, MuRF1, USP14 and USP19 (P< 0·05,n5) and the levels of ubiquitin conjugates. These results indicate that β-carotene attenuates soleus muscle loss, perhaps by repressing the expressions of Atrogin-1, MuRF1, USP14 and USP19, at the early stage of soleus muscle atrophy.
Phaseolus vulgaris extract affects glycometabolic and appetite control in healthy human subjects
Authors: Spadafranca Angela , Rinelli Samuele , Riva Antonella , Morazzoni Paolo , Magni Paolo , Bertoli Simona , Battezzati Alberto 
Published: October 2012

Extracts of Phaseolus vulgaris (beans) are known to reduce glycaemia and food intake in rodents and humans. The present study evaluated the effects of a new, standardised and purified P. vulgaris extract (PVE), when employed as a supplement in a mixed balanced meal (60 % carbohydrates, 25 % lipids and 15 % protein), on glycometabolic and appetite control. To this end, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed in twelve volunteers. Plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, ghrelin and satiety sensation ratings were assessed at baseline and during 3 h after meal consumption associated with PVE (100 mg) or placebo. Compared with placebo, PVE consumption resulted in lower increments in glucose (+15·4 (sem 5·4) v. 26·1 (sem 7·3) %, P= 0·04 at 30 min), insulin (+981 (sem 115) v. 1325 (sem 240) %, P= 0·04 between 45 and 120 min) and C-peptide (+350 (sem 27) v. 439 (sem 30) %, P= 0·04 between 30 and 90 min). In the first 2 h, plasma ghrelin decreased similarly in both groups but did not rebound as in placebo thereafter (P= 0·04). Correspondingly, satiety sensation in the third hour was significantly reduced in the placebo but not in the PVE condition. PVE induced a lower desire to eat than placebo (P= 0·02) over the 3 h. In conclusion, PVE supplementation reduced postprandial glucose, insulin and C-peptide excursions, suppressed ghrelin secretion and affected satiety sensations, inducing a lower desire to eat. These results support that further studies are needed to prove the concept of employing PVE as a supplement in mixed balanced meals in obese, glucose-intolerant and diabetic subjects.
Blueberry intervention improves vascular reactivity and lowers blood pressure in high-fat-, high-cholesterol-fed rats
Authors: Rodriguez-Mateos Ana , Ishisaka Akari , Mawatari Kazuaki , Vidal-Diez Alberto , Spencer Jeremy P. E. , Terao Junji 
Published: October 2012

Growing evidence suggests that intake of flavonoid-containing foods may exert cardiovascular benefits in human subjects. We have investigated the effects of a 10-week blueberry (BB) supplementation on blood pressure (BP) and vascular reactivity in rats fed a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet, known to induce endothelial dysfunction. Rats were randomly assigned to follow a control chow diet, a chow diet supplemented with 2 % (w/w) BB, a high-fat diet (10 % lard; 0·5 % cholesterol) or the high fat plus BB for 10 weeks. Rats supplemented with BB showed significant reductions in systolic BP (SBP) of 11 and 14 %, at weeks 8 and 10, respectively, relative to rats fed the control chow diet (week 8 SBP: 107·5 (sem 4·7) v. 122·2 (sem 2·1) mmHg, P= 0·018; week 10 SBP: 115·0 (sem 3·1) v. 132·7 (sem 1·5) mmHg, P< 0·0001). Furthermore, SBP was reduced by 14 % in rats fed with the high fat plus 2 % BB diet at week 10, compared to those on the high-fat diet only (SBP: 118·2 (sem 3·6) v. 139·5 (sem 4·5) mmHg, P< 0·0001). Aortas harvested from BB-fed animals exhibited significantly reduced contractile responses (to l-phenylephrine) compared to those fed the control chow or high-fat diets. Furthermore, in rats fed with high fat supplemented with BB, aorta relaxation was significantly greater in response to acetylcholine compared to animals fed with the fat diet. These data suggest that BB consumption can lower BP and improve endothelial dysfunction induced by a high fat, high cholesterol containing diet.