bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Evolution of the Capsid Gene in Norovirus Genogroup I
Authors: Kobayashi Miho , Yoshizumi Shima , Kogawa Sayaka , Takahashi Tomoko , Ueki Yo , Shinohara Michiyo , Mizukoshi Fuminori , Tsukagoshi Hiroyuki , Sasaki Yoshiko , Suzuki Rieko , Shimizu Hideaki , Iwakiri Akira , Okabe Nobuhiko , Shirabe Komei , Shinomiya Hiroto , Kozawa Kunihisa , Kusunoki Hideki , Ryo Akihide , Kuroda Makoto , Katayama Kazuhiko , Kimura Hirokazu 
Published: September 2015

AbstractWe studied the molecular evolution of the capsid gene in all genotypes (genotypes 1–9) of human norovirus (NoV) genogroup I. The evolutionary time scale and rate were estimated by the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. We also performed selective pressure analysis and B-cell linear epitope prediction in the deduced NoV GI capsid protein. Furthermore, we analysed the effective population size of the virus using Bayesian skyline plot (BSP) analysis. A phylogenetic tree by MCMC showed that NoV GI diverged from the common ancestor of NoV GII, GIII and GIV approximately 2,800 years ago with rapid evolution (about 10−3 substitutions/site/year). Some positive selection sites and over 400 negative selection sites were estimated in the deduced capsid protein. Many epitopes were estimated in the deduced virus capsid proteins. An epitope of GI.1 may be associated with histo-blood group antigen binding sites (Ser377, Pro378 and Ser380). Moreover, BSP suggested that the adaptation of NoV GI strains to humans was affected by natural selection. The results suggested that NoV GI strains evolved rapidly and date back to many years ago. Additionally, the virus may have undergone locally affected natural selection in the host resulting in its adaptation to humans.
Bandwidth enhancement for single‐feed circularly polarised microstrip antenna with epsilon‐negative transmission line‐based annular ring
Authors: Han Wangwang , Yang Feng , Long Rui , Zhou Longjian , Yan Fei 
Published: September 2015

A novel low‐profile single‐feed circularly polarised (CP) microstrip antenna (MSA) loaded by a coplanar parasitic epsilon‐negative (ENG) transmission line (TL)‐based annular ring with enhanced bandwidth is proposed. By exciting the TM11 modes on both the driven patch and the coupled ENG TL‐based annular ring, two minimum axial‐ratio (AR) points are generated. It is the combination of the two minimum AR points that result in the bandwidth enhancement. An antenna prototype operating at the WLAN 5.2 GHz band is exemplified to validate the proposed concept. The measured results show that the proposed antenna with a low profile of 0.035λ0 obtains an overlapped bandwidth (return loss <−10 dB and AR < 3 dB) of 4%, which is 2.3 times wider than the conventional CP MSA. Moreover, the proposed antenna exhibits higher gain and lower backward radiation as compared with conventional CP MSAs.
Low‐order controller design using remotely measured time delayed signals for stabilisation of equivalent power grid
Authors: Kishor Nand , Seppänen Janne M. , Turunen Jukka , Nikkilä Antti‐Juhani , Haarla Liisa C. , Purwar Shubhi 
Published: September 2015

This study discusses the use of time‐delayed remote signals available through phasor measuring units (PMUs) for low‐order controller design in order to stabilise the power oscillations in the range of 0.3–0.42 Hz between two areas. In the proposed approach, first synchronisation measures are determined among the group of generators located in two areas. Then, an index that characterises the joint observability and controllability property in terms of Hankel singular values is defined as a criterion to preselect the remote feedback signal. Following this, a low‐order controller design based on minimisation of H∞ norm is considered. The measurement redundancy is taken into account in controller design using rotor angle, power flow or speed deviation as feedback signal from one of the generators. Additionally, if some specific PMU fails to provide measurements from a chosen generator, then controller effectiveness is guaranteed using signal from other generator in the same area. The performance of controller is verified considering single‐step and multi‐step disturbances applied to the reference voltage of exciter system. The comparison with design functions such as H2 norm, complex stability radius and spectral abscissa are also presented. The analytical results confirm using H∞ design algorithm provides better dynamic performance.
Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastung: Expertenbasierte Entwicklung einer checklistbasierten Handlungshilfe für Betriebsärzte
Authors: Weigl M. , Müller A. , Angerer P. , Petru R. 
Published: September 2015

ZusammenfassungDie praktische Umsetzung der gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastungen scheitert bislang häufig an der mangelnden Handlungskompetenz der Verantwortlichen. Es wird eine Checkliste zur effektiven Durchführung einer Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastungen vorgestellt. Diese soll dem Betriebsarzt eine Handlungshilfe in der Vorbereitung, Planung und Durchführung einer Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastungen (GB-Psych) sein. Auf Basis eines systematischen Entwicklungs- und Validierungsprozesses wurden mit N=15 arbeitsmedizinischen Experten spezifische Schritte und Erfolgsfaktoren für die erfolgreiche Durchführung einer GB-Psych qualitativ identifiziert. Dies geschah in einer 2-stufigen Delphi-Studie. Im folgenden Schritt wurden die maßgeblichen Schritte und Faktoren in eine Checkliste überführt. Anschließend wurde die Checkliste in einer Fokusgruppe von Betriebsmedizinern evaluiert (Anwenderevaluation). Zusätzlich wurde die Fassung einer Expertenevaluation unterzogen. Die Checkliste zur Durchführung der GB-Psych soll die Handlungskompetenzen des Betriebsarztes effektiv stärken – vor allem zur Implementation von Gefährdungsbeurteilungen in Klein- und Mittleren Unternehmen (KMU).
Benchmark analysis of algorithms for determining and quantifying full-length mRNA splice forms from RNA-seq data
Authors: Hayer Katharina E. , Pizarro Angel , Lahens Nicholas F. , Hogenesch John B. , Grant Gregory R. 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Motivation: Because of the advantages of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) over microarrays, it is gaining widespread popularity for highly parallel gene expression analysis. For example, RNA-Seq is expected to be able to provide accurate identification and quantification of full-length splice forms. A number of informatics packages have been developed for this purpose, but short reads make it a difficult problem in principle. Sequencing error and polymorphisms add further complications. It has become necessary to perform studies to determine which algorithms perform best and which if any algorithms perform adequately. However, there is a dearth of independent and unbiased benchmarking studies. Here we take an approach using both simulated and experimental benchmark data to evaluate their accuracy.
Results: We conclude that most methods are inaccurate even using idealized data, and that no method is highly accurate once multiple splice forms, polymorphisms, intron signal, sequencing errors, alignment errors, annotation errors and other complicating factors are present. These results point to the pressing need for further algorithm development.
Availability and implementation: Simulated datasets and other supporting information can be found at http://bioinf.itmat.upenn.edu/BEERS/bp2
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Contact: hayer@upenn.edu
Using a configurable EMR and decision support tools to promote process integration for routine HIV screening in the emergency department
Authors: McGuire Robert , Moore Eric 
Published: September 2015

AbstractGiven the clinical and public health benefits of routine Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing in the emergency department (ED) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations, Maricopa Medical Center, as part of Maricopa Integrated Health System, started Test, Educate, Support, and Treat Arizona (TESTAZ) and became the first and, to-date, only hospital in Arizona to implement routine, non-targeted, opt-out, rapid HIV screening in the ED. The authors describe the implementation of a universal, routine, opt-out HIV screening program in the adult ED of an urban safety-net hospital serving under-served populations, including the uninsured and under-insured. Through a controlled and collaborative process, the authors integrated custom documentation elements specific to HIV screening into the triage/intake process, implemented and utilized clinical decision support tools to guide clinicians in each step of the process, and used electronic data collection and reporting to drive new screening protocols that led to a significant increase in overall HIV testing rates.
Opportunities and challenges in the use of personal health data for health research
Authors: Bietz Matthew J , Bloss Cinnamon S , Calvert Scout , Godino Job G , Gregory Judith , Claffey Michael P , Sheehan Jerry , Patrick Kevin 
Published: September 2015

Abstract
Objective: Understand barriers to the use of personal health data (PHD) in research from the perspective of three stakeholder groups: early adopter individuals who track data about their health, researchers who may use PHD as part of their research, and companies that market self-tracking devices, apps or services, and aggregate and manage the data that are generated.
Materials and Methods: A targeted convenience sample of 465 individuals and 134 researchers completed an extensive online survey. Thirty-five hour-long semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with a subset of 11 individuals and 9 researchers, as well as 15 company/key informants.
Results: Challenges to the use of PHD for research were identified in six areas: data ownership; data access for research; privacy; informed consent and ethics; research methods and data quality; and the unpredictable nature of the rapidly evolving ecosystem of devices, apps, and other services that leave “digital footprints.” Individuals reported willingness to anonymously share PHD if it would be used to advance research for the good of the public. Researchers were enthusiastic about using PHD for research, but noted barriers related to intellectual property, licensing, and the need for legal agreements with companies. Companies were interested in research but stressed that their first priority was maintaining customer relationships.
Conclusion: Although challenges exist in leveraging PHD for research, there are many opportunities for stakeholder engagement, and experimentation with these data is already taking place. These early examples foreshadow a much larger set of activities with the potential to positively transform how health research is conducted.
Glioblastoma in the elderly: making sense of the evidence
Authors: Mason Matthew , Laperriere Normand , Wick Wolfgang , Reardon David A. , Malmstrom Annika , Hovey Elizabeth , Weller Michael , Perry James R. 
Published: September 2015

AbstractGlioblastoma is a highly malignant neoplasm, notorious for its poor prognosis. The median age of diagnosis is 64 years, with an increasing number of patients diagnosed over the age of seventy. Managing elderly patients with this condition is challenging. Management pathways may include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and best supportive care. Many clinical trials in oncology exclude elderly patients, including some of those for malignant brain tumors, leaving less evidence to guide treatment in these patients. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics and biomarkers, such as 06-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status, may help guide optimal treatment selection. Focusing on available randomized data, this review provides a practical overview of the evidence for treating newly diagnosed glioblastoma in the elderly, including management recommendations.
The making of brand attachment and brand meanings: the case of a UK engineering services firm
Authors: Sheikh Alireza , Lim Ming 
Published: September 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into how engineering employees perceive the functional, ethical and political dimensions of the corporate brand and its meaning(s) for other stakeholders.Design/methodology/approach– The paper explores brand meaning and brand attachment in the case of employees in an engineering consultancy firm operating within the defense and artillery systems sector. In-depth interviews with managers and consultants at a cross-section of organizational levels along with thematic and reflexive interpretation of qualitative data have been carried out.Findings– Identity-based definitions of the brand, the definitions of a “strong engineering brand”, associations of the corporate brand with engineers’ personal brands, brand essence and integration and the meanings of a military brand have all been raised, explored and discussed from the engineer’s perspective.Research limitations/implications– This paper is among the first of its kind to pursue brand research in an engineering-intensive firm with military and defense brand associations. Future research is encouraged to add further detail and verification to the themes and findings of this paper.Practical implications– The military context is enmeshed with high levels of sensitivity and difficult research access particularly upon brand-related academic research. This has led in part to very limited marketing and branding knowledge into this setting despite its significance.Social implications– Given that the engineering consulting sectors are among the top drivers of employment and knowledge advancement, and given that brand associations have considerable impacts on employees’ identification, self-awareness and emotional well-being, understanding the dynamism and complexities of employee-brand associations is inevitable in these settings.Originality/value– The defense context has unique characteristics and has hitherto remained an under-researched context with respect to branding. This is despite that the defense sector deserves to be in the spotlight because professionals’ voices are rarely heard and acknowledged within the branding literature.
Utilization of pomegranate seed powder and tomato powder in the development of fiber-enriched chicken nuggets
Authors: Kaur Simranjeet , Kumar Sunil , Bhat Z. F. 
Published: September 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possibility of utilization of pomegranate seed powder and tomato powder in the development of fiber-enriched chicken nuggets.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study was designed to incorporate and evaluate the effect of pomegranate seed powder and tomato powder on the quality characteristics of the chicken nuggets. The products were developed by incorporating different levels of pomegranate seed powder (1, 2, 3 per cent) and tomato powder (1, 2, 3 per cent) separately and were analyzed for various physicochemical and sensory parameters.

Findings
– The pomegranate seed powder and tomato powder significantly (p
<
0.05) increased the fiber content of the chicken nuggets besides improving various sensory attributes of the products. A significant (p
<
0.05) effect of the pomegranate seed powder was observed on the pH, emulsion stability, cooking yield and proximate parameters of the chicken nuggets. Tomato powder also showed a significant (p
<
0.05) effect on the emulsion stability, moisture and fat content of the products. No significant (p
>
0.05) effect of tomato was observed on the pH and cooking yield of the products.

Originality/value
– Fiber-enriched chicken nuggets could be developed by incorporating pomegranate seed powder and tomato powder in the formulation besides improving various sensory attributes of the products.
Differential responses of grasses and forbs led to marked reduction in below‐ground productivity in temperate steppe following chronic N deposition
Authors: Bai Wenming , Guo Dali , Tian Qiuying , Liu Nana , Cheng Weixin , Li Linghao , Zhang Wen‐Hao 
Published: September 2015

Summary

Enhanced deposition of atmospheric nitrogen (N) has profound impacts on ecosystem processes such as above‐ground productivity and community structure in grasslands across the globe. But how N deposition affects below‐ground processes of grasslands is less well known.

Here, we evaluated the effects of chronic N amendment at a relatively low rate (20 kg ha−1 year−1) on root traits (root productivity, root biomass, root/shoot ratio) in Inner Mongolia steppes by rhizotron and ingrowth core and soil monolith techniques at levels of individual species, functional groups and ecosystem.

For 8 years, N amendment suppressed above‐ground net primary production (ANPP), photosynthetic rates and root biomass of forbs, but enhanced ANPP and root biomass of grasses. This led to an overall reduction in below‐ground productivity of the grassland by 24–33%, while ANPP remained unchanged.

Nitrogen amendment acidified soil and subsequently increased extractable soil manganese (Mn) concentration. Nitrogen amendment increased foliar Mn concentrations in forb, but not grass species, leading to a significant inhibition of photosynthetic rates in forb species.

Synthesis. These findings highlight the importance of the differentiating responses of plant functional groups to long‐term N deposition and the important consequences of these responses for below‐ground productivity and long‐term soil C sequestration.
Reliability of Craniofacial Superimposition Using Three‐Dimension Skull Model
Authors: Gaudio Daniel , Olivieri Lara , De Angelis Danilo , Poppa Pasquale , Galassi Andrea , Cattaneo Cristina 
Published: September 2015

AbstractCraniofacial superimposition is a technique potentially useful for the identification of unidentified human remains if a photo of the missing person is available. We have tested the reliability of the 2D‐3D computer‐aided nonautomatic superimposition techniques. Three‐dimension laser scans of five skulls and ten photographs were overlaid with an imaging software. The resulting superimpositions were evaluated using three methods: craniofacial landmarks, morphological features, and a combination of the two. A 3D model of each skull without its mandible was tested for superimposition; we also evaluated whether separating skulls by sex would increase correct identifications. Results show that the landmark method employing the entire skull is the more reliable one (5/5 correct identifications, 40% false positives [FP]), regardless of sex. However, the persistence of a high percentage of FP in all the methods evaluated indicates that these methods are unreliable for positive identification although the landmark‐only method could be useful for exclusion.
Retracted: Association of adiponectin gene variation with progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A 4‐year follow‐up survey
Authors: Zhou Yong Jian , Zhang Zong Sheng , Nie Yu Qiang , Cao Jie , Cao Chuang Yu , Li Yu Yuan 
Published: September 2015

ObjectiveTo explore the role of tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) in the adiponectin gene in the natural course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsThe participants were chosen from our previous survey containing 3543 individuals. Finally, a total of 696 participants who had been followed up for a median of 4 years were included. Each participant was administered with an interview, physical examination, blood tests and ultrasonic examination at both baseline and end‐point. Polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism was applied to determine seven tagSNPs in the adiponectin gene, namely, rs182052, rs16861205, rs822396, rs7627128, rs1501299, rs2241767 and rs3774261. Ordinal logistic regression was used to screen risk factors of NAFLD progression as well as the susceptibility to the disease. Haplotypes analyses were performed to confirm the results.ResultsAfter adjusting for age and gender, rs1501299 (G276T), rs2241767 (A45G) and rs3774261 (A712G) were found to be risk factors of both susceptibility (OR 5.040, 7.471 and 3.546, respectively) and progression (OR 3.83, 3.51 and 3.30, respectively) to NAFLD. Nevertheless, rs182052, rs16861205, rs822396 and rs7627128 had no impact on them. These findings were confirmed by haplotype analysis.ConclusionThe tagSNPs rs2241767, rs1501299 and rs3774261 in the adiponectin gene are risk factors for the individuals' susceptibility to and progression of NAFLD.
Examining gender inequalities in land rights indicators in Asia
Authors: Kieran Caitlin , Sproule Kathryn , Doss Cheryl , Quisumbing Agnes , Kim Sung Mi 
Published: September 2015

AbstractA broad consensus has emerged among both policymakers and researchers that strengthening women's property rights is crucial for reducing poverty and achieving equitable growth. Despite the important role of land in rural livelihoods and as a form of wealth in many Asian countries, surprisingly few nationally representative data exist on women's property rights in Asia.This paucity hinders the formulation and implementation of appropriate policies to reduce gender gaps in land rights. This article reviews the existing micro‐level, large sample data on men's and women's control of land, identifies what can and cannot be measured by these data, and uses these measures to assess the gaps in the land rights of women and men. Utilizing nationally representative individual‐ and plot‐level data from Bangladesh, Tajikistan, Vietnam, and Timor‐Leste, we calculate five indicators: incidence of landownership, distribution of landownership, distribution of plots owned, mean plot size, and distribution of land area, all by sex of owner. The results show large gender gaps in landownership across countries. However, the limited information on joint and individual ownership are among the most critical data gaps and thus are an important area for future data collection and analysis.
Moving towards integrated aged care assessment: A comparison of assessment tools across three regional Victorian services
Authors: Warburton Jeni , Cowan Suzanne , Savy Pauline , MacPhee Fiona 
Published: September 2015

AimRecent National Aged Care Policy Reforms are directed at streamlining entry into aged care services, building on the challenges associated with developing integrated assessment processes. Such reform is core to achieving a comprehensive, efficient process.MethodsHere, we report the first stage of a collaborative project with three regional aged care assessment services to explore how services can better work together and improve the assessment process. Specifically, this paper reports the collection of local demographic and assessment data to describe and compare assessment tools and processes across services.ResultsFindings demonstrate the high level of need of those entering the community aged care system; the diversity of tools and processes utilised by the three services; and the high level of duplication and commonality across assessment categories.ConclusionsFindings suggest the need for improved service integration to clarify the assessment process for older people and conserve regional aged care workforce.