bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Harmful Algal Blooms on Amphibians and Reptiles are Under-Reported and Under-Represented
Authors: Tornabene Brian J. , Smalling Kelly L. , Hossack Blake R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are a persistent and increasing problem globally, yet we still have limited knowledge about how they affect wildlife. Although semi-aquatic and aquatic amphibians and reptiles have experienced large declines and occupy environments where HABs are increasingly problematic, their vulnerability to HABs remains unclear. To inform monitoring, management, and future research, we conducted a literature review, synthesized the studies, and report on the mortality events describing effects of cyanotoxins from HABs on freshwater herpetofauna. Our review identified 37 unique studies and 71 endpoints (no-observed-effect and lowest-observed-effect concentrations) involving 11 amphibian and 3 reptile species worldwide. Responses varied widely among studies, species, and exposure concentrations used in experiments. Concentrations causing lethal and sublethal effects in laboratory experiments were generally 1 to 100 µg/L, which contains the mean value of reported HAB events but is 70 times less than the maximum cyanotoxin concentrations reported in the environment. However, one species of amphibian was tolerant to concentrations of 10,000 µg/L, demonstrating potentially immense differences in sensitivities. Most studies focused on microcystin-LR (MC-LR), which can increase systemic inflammation and harm the digestive system, reproductive organs, liver, kidneys, and development. The few studies on other cyanotoxins illustrated that effects resembled those of MC-LR at similar concentrations, but more research is needed to describe effects of other cyanotoxins and mixtures of cyanotoxins that commonly occur in the environment. All experimental studies were on larval and adult amphibians; there were no such studies on reptiles. Experimental work with reptiles and adult amphibians is needed to clarify thresholds of tolerance. Only nine mortality events were reported, mostly for reptiles. Given that amphibians likely decay faster than reptiles, which have tissues that resist decomposition, mass amphibian mortality events from HABs have likely been under-reported. We propose that future efforts should be focused on seven major areas, to enhance our understanding of effects and monitoring of HABs on herpetofauna that fill important roles in freshwater and terrestrial environments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1936–1949. Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Exploring the potential of dual‐metallized PET towards improving the efficiency of outermost reflective layer in fire proximity clothing
Authors: Dwivedi Shivangi , Srivastava Richa , Kumar Roy Prasun 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe outermost layer of a fire proximity suit needs to conform to a strict requirement of radiant protection performance (RPP) ≥ 20s, which is indicative of its ability of offering a protection for at least 20s duration from second degree burn upon radiant heat exposure (84 kW/m2). Typically, this layer is fabricated by laminating a single‐side metallized PET (SMPET) layer with glass fabric. However, upon erosion of the deposited metal, this laminate is rendered unsuitable due to loss of reflectivity. Here, we explore the possibility of replacing the SMPET with its dual‐metallized analogue (DMPET) and determine the effect of increasing the optical density (OD) on the adherence and protection level. Metallized films with OD varying from 2.2 to 4.8 were laminated with glass fabrics of twill, satin and plain weave pattern using a silicone adhesive. The peel adhesion strength of laminates prepared using DMPET was found to be higher (1.01 ± 0.03 N/mm), as compared to SMPET (0.63 ± 0.03 N/mm) and the resulting films did not undergo delamination during flexing. Laminates prepared from satin woven glass fabric exhibited lowest flexural rigidity followed by twill and plain woven glass fabric. Protection offered by the laminate from convective heat was quantified in terms of the thermal protective performance (TPP), and the abraded laminate prepared using DMPET (OD‐4.8) was found to meet all the mandatory requirements of proximity clothing, offering an RPP of 27 s and a TPP of 62 cal/cm2 s. In comparison, SMPET laminates exhibited lower level of adhesion and offered an RPP of only 7.5 s.
Time and futures. Analysis of time‐needs in futures research
Authors: Virmajoki Veli , Laakkonen Mika‐Petri 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses temporalities in futures research in terms of a novel notion of time‐need. It is argued that this notion contributes to the theoretical and critical discussion about time in futures research. The paper uses as an illustrative case study a railway transportation system to highlight how different actors within a system have unique temporal needs that shape their perceptions, actions, and relation to the future. The authors discuss the interplay of power, control, utilization, and the strategic manipulation of temporal information. This paper argues for a novel conceptual approach to temporal phenomena that can be used to (i) understand and plan a technological system better, but also (ii) provide critical reflection on the power and control implicit in such systems. Moreover, the paper suggests that futures research as a field has its own time‐needs that shape how it approaches the future. Recognizing these time‐needs enables a more nuanced understanding of futures research. Scenarios, knowledge, and power are all intimately related to time.
Association between depression and incident dementia: Longitudinal findings from the share study
Authors: Veronese Nicola , Smith Lee , Koyanagi Ai , Soysal Pinar , Mueller Christoph , Errera Chiara Maria , Vassallo Giusy , Vernuccio Laura , Catanese Giuseppina , Solmi Marco , Dominguez Ligia J. , Barbagallo Mario 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe association between depression and dementia is still unclear, particularly regarding depression as a potential risk factor preceding dementia. Therefore, we aimed to verify if the presence of depression at baseline may increase the risk of dementia and cognitive impairment during 15 years of follow‐up in the SHARE (Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe) study.MethodsDepressive symptoms were defined using the EURO‐D, with a score ≥4 indicative of depression. Incident dementia was ascertained using self‐reported data and caregivers' information, cognitive impairment using objective cognitive tests. Cox regression analysis, adjusted for 10 baseline confounders, was run and hazard ratios (HRs), with their 95% confidence intervals, were estimated.ResultsIn total 22,789 participants were included in the present analysis (mean age 64.2 years) and were predominantly female. The prevalence of depression at baseline was 24.9%. Over 15 years of follow‐up, the onset of dementia occurred a median 2 years earlier in people with depression compared to those without. Depression at the baseline significantly increased the risk of dementia in the overall sample (HR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.54–1.95) and the risk of cognitive impairment (HR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.06–1.25). For dementia, the association was stronger in people less than 60 years (HR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.42–3.02) than in participants aged ≥80 years (HR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.14–1.91). A similar trend was observed for cognitive impairment. Among the single items of the EURO‐D, loss of concentration was the strongest individual variable predicting the onset of dementia.ConclusionsDepression increased the risk of dementia and cognitive impairment, particularly in younger adults, whereas loss of concentration was the strongest individual predicting variable of dementia. These findings demonstrate the need for early detection of depression for preventing future cognitive worsening.
Earlier routine induction of labor—Consequences on mother and child morbidity
Authors: Gregersen Maria Koch 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA growing number of birth interventions had led to a concern for potential health consequences. This study investigates the consequences of earlier routine labor induction. It exploits a natural experiment caused by the introduction of new Danish obstetric guidelines in 2011. Consequently, routine labor induction was moved forward from 14 to 10–13 days past the expected due date (EDD) and extended antenatal surveillance was introduced from 7 days past the EDD. Using administrative data, I find that affected mothers on average had a 9–11 percentage points (32%–38%) higher risk of being induced the following years. Yet, mother and child short‐ and medium‐term morbidity were largely unaffected.
Biological relapse in multiple myeloma: Outcome and treatment strategies in a Spanish real‐world setting
Authors: Alegre Adrián , Gironella Mercedes , Escalante Fernando , Bergua Juan M. , Martínez‐Chamorro Carmen , López Aurelio , González Esther , Bárez Abelardo , Somolinos Nieves , Persona Ernesto P. , Cabrera Alexia S. , Soler Alfons , Rodríguez Belén I. , López Joaquín M. , González Yolanda , Giménez Verónica C. , Sampol Antonia , Muñoz Carolina , Vilanova David , Durán Marta , Fernández de Larrea Carlos ,   Spanish Myeloma Group (GEM_PETHEMA)
Published: July 2024

AbstractRecommendations regarding the best time to start treatment in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) after biological relapse/progression (BR) are unclear. This observational, prospective, multicenter registry aimed to evaluate the impact on time to progression (TTP) of treatment initiation at BR versus at symptomatic clinical relapse (ClinR) based on the Spanish routine practice in adult patients with RRMM. Patients had two or less previous treatment lines and at least one previous partial response. Baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes were recorded, and survival was analyzed. Of 225 patients, 110 were treated at BR (TxBR group) and 115 at ClinR (TxClinR group) according to the investigators' criteria. The proportion of patients with higher ECOG, previous noncomplete remission (CR), and second relapse were significantly higher in the TxBR group compared to the TxClinR group. TheTxClinR group showed improved outcomes, including TTP, compared to the TxBR group. Progression‐free survival increased in the TxClinR group (56.2 months) compared to the TxBR group (32.5 months) (p = 0.0137), and median overall survival also increased (p = 0.0897). Median TTP was significantly longer in patients relapsing from a CR (50.4 months) and in their first relapse (38.7 months) compared to those relapsing from a non‐CR response (32.9 months) and in their second relapse (25.2 months). Physicians seemed to start treatment earlier in RRMM patients with poor prognosis features. Previous responses to anti‐MM treatment and the number of prior treatment lines were identified as prognosis factors, whereby relapse from CR and first relapse were associated with a longer time to progression.
Fluorinated‐Thiolate Osmium(III) and Osmium(IV) Complexes Bearing N,N‐diethyldithiocarbamate and Substituted Phosphines. Synthesis, Crystal Structures and DFT‐Studies
Authors: Anzaldo Bertín , Álvarez‐García Andrés , Bernès Sylvain , Ramírez‐Monroy Armando , Arroyo‐Carranza Maribel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe paramagnetic osmium(III) [Os(SRF)(S2CNEt2)2(P(C6H4X‐4)3)] (RF=C6F4H−4, C6F5; X=OCH3, CH3, F) (1–6) along with diamagnetic osmium(IV) [Os(SRF)2(S2CNEt2)2] (7–8) complexes were obtained from [Os(SRF)4(P(C6H4‐X)3)] and NaS2CNEt2, which were characterized by FAB mass spectrometry, IR spectroscopy, single crystal X‐ray diffraction, and for the diamagnetic 7 also by NMR. TD‐DFT calculations were performed to simulate the absorption spectra of complexes. In the visible region, LMCT transitions contribute to the calculated intensities, which are somewhat related to the color of the synthesized compounds. In the ultraviolet region, the phosphine ligand plays a significant role in MLCT transitions, which results in Os(III) complexes exhibiting an intense band in that region. Topological analysis and electron localization function (ELF) maps calculated for 6 and 7 confirm the strong ionic character of the Os−S coordination bonds formed by the thiophenolate and dithiocarbamate ligands. This comprehensive study provides information on the structure, bonding, and electronic properties of osmium complexes, for potential applications in catalysis, materials science, and biological systems.
Polypill versus medication monotherapy in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in Iran: An economic evaluation study
Authors: Ravangard Ramin , Ghanbari Mohadese , Attar Armin , Jafari Abdosaleh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the major diseases in developing and developed countries and have high prevalence and mortality rates. Pharmacological interventions, especially the use of combination medications, can have preventive effects in patients with CVDs. Recently, in the PolyIran trial, a combination of atorvastatin, hydrochlorothiazide, aspirin, and valsartan or enalapril (Polypill) was shown to be effective in providing survival benefits as a primary prevention strategy. In the present study, we examine the cost‐effectiveness of the use of polypill compared to its individual components (named as medication monotherapy) in the prevention of CVDs in Iran.MethodsThis was an economic evaluation study conducted to compare the cost‐utility of polypill with that of medication monotherapy for 10,000 hypothetical cohorts of people over 35 years of age using the Markov model and with a lifetime horizon. The study perspective was patient perspective and direct medical costs, quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs), and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio were estimated. To deal with uncertaintysensitivity analyses were used.ResultsThe results showed that polypill, with the lowest costs (871 USD) and highest QALYs (14.55), had the most cost‐utility than medication monotherapy. Also, the results showed that the highest sensitivities were related to the utilities of angina and stroke states. At the 21,768 USD threshold, polypill had a 92% probability of being cost‐effective versus other medications.ConclusionConsidering that polypill had the most cost‐utility, it is suggested that health system policymakers pay special attention to polypill in designing clinical guidelines. Also, through covering this medication by health insurance organizations, it is possible to complete the country's medicine pharmacopeia in preventing CVDs.
Aqueous decoupling batteries: Exploring the role of functional ion‐exchange membrane
Authors: Li Shuyue , Wang Lujing , Li Xiaoman , Jiang Heng , Du Fei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe relentless pursuit of sustainable and safe energy storage technologies has driven a departure from conventional lithium‐based batteries toward other relevant alternatives. Among these, aqueous batteries have emerged as a promising candidate due to their inherent properties of being cost‐effective, safe, environmentally friendly, and scalable. However, traditional aqueous systems have faced limitations stemming from water's narrow electrochemical stability window (~1.23 V), severely constraining their energy density and viability in high‐demand applications. Recent advancements in decoupling aqueous batteries offer a novel solution to overcome this challenge by separating the anolyte and catholyte, thereby expanding the theoretical operational voltage window to over 3 V. One key component of this innovative system is the ion‐selective membrane (ISM), acting as a barrier to prevent undesired crossover between electrolytes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in decoupling aqueous batteries, emphasizing the application of various types of ISMs. Moreover, we summarize different specially designed ISMs and their performance attributes. By addressing the current challenges ISMs face, the review outlines potential pathways for future enhancement and development of aqueous decoupling batteries.image
Impact assessment of the adaptation of modernization to the Indian agrarian society: Empirical evidence from the Haraiya Block of Azamgarh District, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Rani K. M. Reetu , Dubey Alok Kumar , Anjum Mahvish 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAgriculture, the mainstay of the rural economy in India, is changing due to globalization, which brings both opportunities and challenges for farmers. This study aimed to explore the degree of adaptation to modernization and challenges in rural society engaged in agricultural activities in Azamgarh District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh. A total of 300 farmers were selected randomly and surveyed across 10 villages in the Haraiya Block. Data analysis was based on Karl Pearson's correlation, Likert scale and Z‐score techniques. The findings of this study reveal that global change has a direct impact on rural society. However, in some villages, a lack of knowledge about modern equipment and the proper use of insecticides and fertilizers are major constraints that hamper the efficiency of farmers. The majority of farmers are unable to access membership in various farmer associations. Caste barriers have loosened, but due to indebtedness and economic uncertainty, family disintegration rates have dramatically increased in some areas. Farmers tend to change their occupations and migrate to other places for better opportunities. Policy recommendations include the following: The government should take the initiative to enhance farmers' local participation and grassroots‐level development by formulating farmer‐friendly policies and programmes.
Carbamic acid and its dimer: A computational study
Authors: Puzzarini Cristina , Alessandrini Silvia 
Published: July 2024

AbstractA recent work by Marks et al. on the formation of carbamic acid in NH‐CO interstellar ices pointed out its stability in the gas phase and the concomitant production of its dimer. Prompted by these results and the lack of information on these species, we have performed an accurate structural, energetic and spectroscopic investigation of carbamic acid and its dimer. For the former, the structural and spectroscopic characterization employed composite schemes based on coupled cluster (CC) calculations that account for the extrapolation to the complete basis set limit and core correlation effects. A first important outcome is the definitive confirmation of the nonplanarity of carbamic acid, then followed by an accurate estimate of its rotational and vibrational spectroscopy parameters. As far as the carbamic acid dimer is concerned, the investigation started from the identification of its most stable forms. For them, structure and vibrational properties have been evaluated using density functional theory, while a composite scheme rooted in CC theory has been employed for the energetic characterization. Our results allowed us to provide a better interpretation of the feature observed in the recent experiment mentioned above.
Connected communities: Perceived neighborhood social cohesion during adolescence and subsequent health and well‐being in young adulthood—An outcome‐wide longitudinal approach
Authors: Kim Eric S. , Wilkinson Renae , Case Brendan W. , Cowden Richard G. , Okuzono Sakurako S. , VanderWeele Tyler J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDoes higher perceived neighborhood social cohesion in adolescence lead to better health and well‐being 10–12 years later? We evaluated this question using data from a large, prospective, and nationally representative sample of US adolescents (Add Health; N = 10,963), and an outcome‐wide approach. Across 38 outcomes, perceived neighborhood social cohesion was associated with some: mental health outcomes (i.e., depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, perceived stress), psychological well‐being outcomes (i.e., happiness, optimism), social outcomes (i.e., loneliness, romantic relationship quality, satisfaction with parenting), and civic/prosocial outcomes (i.e., volunteering). However, it was not associated with health behaviors nor physical health outcomes. These results were maintained after robust control for a wide range of potential confounders.
A new subtype of artificial cell‐derived vesicles from dental pulp stem cells with the bioequivalence and higher acquisition efficiency compared to extracellular vesicles
Authors: Duan Xingxiang , Zhang Rui , Feng Huixian , Zhou Heng , Luo Yu , Xiong Wei , Li Junyi , He Yan , Ye Qingsong 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) have been shown an excellent efficacy in a variety of disease models. However, current production methods fail to meet the needs of clinical treatment. In this study, we present an innovative approach to substantially enhance the production of ‘Artificial Cell‐Derived Vesicles (ACDVs)’ by extracting and purifying the contents released by the DPSC lysate, namely intracellular vesicles. Comparative analysis was performed between ACDVs and those obtained through ultracentrifugation. The ACDVs extracted from the cell lysate meet the general standard of EVs and have similar protein secretion profile. The new ACDVs also significantly promoted wound healing, increased or decreased collagen regeneration, and reduced the production of inflammatory factors as the EVs. More importantly, the extraction efficiency is improved by 16 times compared with the EVs extracted using ultracentrifuge method. With its impressive attributes, this new subtype of ACDVs emerge as a prospective candidate for the future clinical applications in regenerative medicine.
RNA expression profiling in lymphoblastoid cell lines from mutated and non‐mutated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients
Authors: Garau Jessica , Garofalo Maria , Dragoni Francesca , Scarian Eveljn , Di Gerlando Rosalinda , Diamanti Luca , Zucca Susanna , Bordoni Matteo , Pansarasa Orietta , Gagliardi Stella 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the death of upper and lower motor neurons with an unknown etiology. The difficulty of recovering biological material from patients led to employ lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) as a model for ALS because many pathways, typically located in neurons, are also activated in these cells.MethodsTo investigate the expression of coding and long non‐coding RNAs in LCLs, a transcriptomic profiling of sporadic ALS (SALS) and mutated patients (FUS, TARDBP, C9ORF72 and SOD1) and matched controls was realized. Thus, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were investigated among the different subgroups of patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and immortalized into LCLs via Epstein–Barr virus infection; RNA was extracted, and RNA‐sequencing analysis was performed.ResultsGene expression profiles of LCLs were genetic‐background‐specific; indeed, only 12 genes were commonly deregulated in all groups. Nonetheless, pathways enriched by DEGs in each group were also compared, and a total of 89 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) terms were shared among all patients. Eventually, the similarity of affected pathways was also assessed when our data were matched with a transcriptomic profile realized in the PBMCs of the same patients.ConclusionsWe conclude that LCLs are a good model for the study of RNA deregulation in ALS.