bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JWA reverses cisplatin resistance via the CK2—XRCC1 pathway in human gastric cancer cells
Authors: Xu W , Chen Q , Wang Q , Sun Y , Wang S , Li A , Xu S , Røe O D , Wang M , Zhang R , Yang L , Zhou J 
Published: December 2014

AbstractGastric cancer is the third most common malignancy in China, with a median 5-year survival of only 20%. Cisplatin has been used in first-line cancer treatment for several types of cancer including gastric cancer. However, patients are often primary resistant or develop acquired resistance resulting in relapse of the cancer and reduced survival. Recently, we demonstrated that the reduced expression of base excision repair protein XRCC1 and its upstream regulator JWA in gastric cancerous tissues correlated with a significant survival benefit of adjuvant first-line platinum-based chemotherapy as well as XRCC1 playing an important role in the DNA repair of cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells. In the present study, we demonstrated the role of JWA in cisplatin-induced DNA lesions and aquired cisplatin resistance in five cell-culture models: gastric epithelial cells GES-1, cisplatin-sensitive gastric cancer cell lines BGC823 and SGC7901, and the cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cell lines BGC823/DDP and SGC7901/DDP. Our results indicated that JWA is required for DNA repair following cisplatin-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) via XRCC1 in normal gastric epithelial cells. However, in gastric cancer cells, JWA enhanced cisplatin-induced cell death through regulation of DNA damage-induced apoptosis. The protein expression of JWA was significantly decreased in cisplatin-resistant cells and contributed to cisplatin resistance. Interestingly, as JWA upregulated XRCC1 expression in normal cells, JWA downregulated XRCC1 expression through promoting the degradation of XRCC1 in cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, the negative regulation of JWA to XRCC1 was blocked due to the mutation of 518S/519T/523T residues of XRCC1, and indicating that the CK2 activated 518S/519T/523T phosphorylation is a key point in the regulation of JWA to XRCC1. In conclusion, we report for the first time that JWA regulated cisplatin-induced DNA damage and apoptosis through the CK2—P-XRCC1—XRCC1 pathway, indicating a putative drug target for reversing cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer.
Channel estimation and transmit power control in wireless body area networks
Authors: Di Franco Fabio , Tachtatzis Christos , Atkinson Robert C. , Tinnirello Ilenia , Glover Ian A. 
Published: December 2014

Wireless body area networks have recently received much attention because of their application to assisted living and remote patient monitoring. For these applications, energy minimisation is a critical issue since, in many cases, batteries cannot be easily replaced or recharged. Reducing energy expenditure by avoiding unnecessary high transmission power and minimising frame retransmissions is therefore crucial. In this study, a transmit power control scheme suitable for IEEE 802.15.6 networks operating in beacon mode with superframe boundaries is proposed. The transmission power is modulated, frame‐by‐frame, according to a run‐time estimation of the channel conditions. Power measurements using the beacon frames are made periodically, providing reverse channel gain and an opportunistic fade margin, set on the basis of prior power fluctuations, is added. This approach allows tracking of the highly variable on‐body to on‐body propagation channel without the need to transmit additional probe frames. An experimental study based on test cases demonstrates the effectiveness of the scheme and compares its performance with alternative solutions presented in the literature.
Nucleation and crystal growth in a suspension of charged colloidal silica spheres with bi-modal size distribution studied by time-resolved ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering
Authors: Hornfeck Wolfgang , Menke Dirk , Forthaus Martin , Subatzus Sebastian , Franke Markus , Schöpe Hans-Joachim , Palberg Thomas , Perlich Jan , Herlach Dieter 
Published: December 2014

A suspension of charged colloidal silica spheres exhibiting a bi-modal size distribution of particles, thereby mimicking a binary mixture, was studied using time-resolved ultra-small-angle synchrotron X-ray scattering (USAXS). The sample, consisting of particles of diameters dA = (104.7 ± 9.0) nm and dB = (88.1 ± 7.8) nm (dA/dB ≈ 1.2), and with an estimated composition A0.6(1)B0.4(1), was studied with respect to its phase behaviour in dependance of particle number density and interaction, of which the latter was modulated by varying amounts of added base (NaOH). Moreover, its short-range order in the fluid state and its eventual solidification into a long-range ordered colloidal crystal were observed in situ, allowing the measurement of the associated kinetics of nucleation and crystal growth. Key parameters of the nucleation kinetics such as crystallinity, crystallite number density, and nucleation rate density were extracted from the time-resolved scattering curves. By this means an estimate on the interfacial energy for the interface between the icosahedral short-range ordered fluid and a body-centered cubic colloidal crystal was obtained, comparable to previously determined values for single-component colloidal systems.
Gender differences in effectiveness of the Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) lifestyle intervention: an Australasian study
Authors: Kent Lillian M. , Morton Darren P. , Rankin Paul M. , Mitchell Brett G. , Chang Esther , Diehl Hans 
Published: December 2014

Issue addressedComplete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) is a lifestyle modification program that promotes healthy diet, physical activity and stress management techniques. Among US CHIP participants, differences in gender responsiveness to improvements in chronic disease risk factors were demonstrated. This study examined gender differences in outcomes to the CHIP intervention in Australasia.MethodsChanges in body weight, blood pressure (BP), blood lipid profile and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were assessed in 925 participants (34.3% men, mean age = 56.0 ± 12.5 years; 65.7% women, mean age = 54.4 ± 13.5 years) 30 days after program commencement.ResultsSignificant reductions (P < 0.001) in all biometrics measured were found for men and women but were greater among men for total (TC) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), triglycerides (TG), FPG, body mass index (BMI) and TC/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ratio. Participants with highest baseline classifications of BMI, systolic BP, blood lipids and FPG showed greatest reductions in 30 days.ConclusionsCHIP more effectively reduced chronic disease risk factors among men than women. All participants, but particularly men, entering the program with the greatest risk achieved the largest reductions. Possible physiological or behavioural factors include food preferences, making commitments and differential support modes.So what?Developers of lifestyle intervention programs should consider gender differences in physiological and behavioural factors when planning interventions. In particular, developers should manage expectations of people entering lifestyle interventions to increase awareness that men tend to respond better than women. In addition, this is a call for further research to identify the underlying mechanisms responsible for the disproportionate responsiveness of males.
FcγRIIb inhibits immune complex-induced VEGF-A production and intranodal lymphangiogenesis
Authors: Clatworthy Menna R. , Harford Sarah K. , Mathews Rebeccah J. , Smith Kenneth G. C. 
Published: December 2014

SignificanceAntibody (IgG) plays an important role in defense against infection and in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Low affinity-activating fragment crystallizable gamma receptors (FcγRs) that bind IgG immune complexes (ICs) mediate many effector functions of antibody and are controlled by an inhibitory receptor, FcγRIIb. Here we show a previously unappreciated role for IC in driving an expansion of lymphatic conduits within lymph nodes. This was dependent on macrophage VEGF-A production and inhibited by FcγRIIb. Lymphangiogenesis and VEGF-A were increased in the lymph nodes of mice with arthritis and SLE and in macrophages obtained from people with a SLE-associated, defunctioning polymorphism inFCGR2B. These findings have implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Anatomy assisted PET image reconstruction incorporating multi-resolution joint entropy
Authors: Tang Jing , Rahmim Arman 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
A promising approach in PET image reconstruction is to incorporate high resolution anatomical information (measured from MR or CT) taking the anato-functional similarity measures such as mutual information or joint entropy (JE) as the prior. These similarity measures only classify voxels based on intensity values, while neglecting structural spatial information. In this work, we developed an anatomy-assisted maximum a posteriori (MAP) reconstruction algorithm wherein the JE measure is supplied by spatial information generated using wavelet multi-resolution analysis. The proposed wavelet-based JE (WJE) MAP algorithm involves calculation of derivatives of the subband JE measures with respect to individual PET image voxel intensities, which we have shown can be computed very similarly to how the inverse wavelet transform is implemented. We performed a simulation study with the BrainWeb phantom creating PET data corresponding to different noise levels. Realistically simulated T1-weighted MR images provided by BrainWeb modeling were applied in the anatomy-assisted reconstruction with the WJE-MAP algorithm and the intensity-only JE-MAP algorithm. Quantitative analysis showed that the WJE-MAP algorithm performed similarly to the JE-MAP algorithm at low noise level in the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) regions in terms of noise versus bias tradeoff. When noise increased to medium level in the simulated data, the WJE-MAP algorithm started to surpass the JE-MAP algorithm in the GM region, which is less uniform with smaller isolated structures compared to the WM region. In the high noise level simulation, the WJE-MAP algorithm presented clear improvement over the JE-MAP algorithm in both the GM and WM regions. In addition to the simulation study, we applied the reconstruction algorithms to real patient studies involving DPA-173 PET data and Florbetapir PET data with corresponding T1-MPRAGE MRI images. Compared to the intensity-only JE-MAP algorithm, the WJE-MAP algorithm resulted in comparable regional mean values to those from the maximum likelihood algorithm while reducing noise. Achieving robust performance in various noise-level simulation and patient studies, the WJE-MAP algorithm demonstrates its potential in clinical quantitative PET imaging.
Impacts of the local environment on recruitment: a comparative study of North Sea and Baltic Sea fish stocks
Authors: Pécuchet Laurène , Nielsen J. Rasmus , Christensen Asbjørn 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
While the impact of environmental forcing on recruitment variability in marine populations remains largely elusive, studies spanning large spatial areas and many stocks are able to identify patterns common to different regions and species. In this study, we investigate the effects of the environment on the residuals of a Ricker stock–recruitment (SR) model, used as a proxy of prerecruits' survival, of 18 assessed stocks in the Baltic and North Seas. A probabilistic principal components (PCs) analysis permits the identification of groups of stocks with shared variability in the prerecruits' survival, most notably a group of pelagics in the Baltic Sea and a group composed of gadoids and herring in the North Sea. The first two PCs generally grouped the stocks according to their localizations: the North Sea, the Kattegat–Western Baltic, and the Baltic Sea. This suggests the importance of the local environmental variability on the recruitment strength. Hence, the prerecruits' survival variability is studied according to geographically disaggregated and potentially impacting abiotic or biotic variables. Time series (1990–2009) of nine environmental variables consistent with the spawning locations and season for each stock were extracted from a physical–biogeochemical model to evaluate their ability to explain the survival of prerecruits. Environmental variables explained &gt;70% of the survival variability for eight stocks. The variables water current, salinity, temperature, and biomass of other fish stocks are regularly significant in the models. This study shows the importance of the local environment on the dynamics of SR. The results provide evidence of the necessity of including environmental variables in stock assessment for a realistic and efficient management of fisheries.
Kiso Supernova Survey (KISS): Survey strategy
Authors: Morokuma Tomoki , Tominaga Nozomu , Tanaka Masaomi , Mori Kensho , Matsumoto Emiko , Kikuchi Yuki , Shibata Takumi , Sako Shigeyuki , Aoki Tsutomu , Doi Mamoru , Kobayashi Naoto , Maehara Hiroyuki , Matsunaga Noriyuki , Mito Hiroyuki , Miyata Takashi , Nakada Yoshikazu , Soyano Takao , Tarusawa Ken'ichi , Miyazaki Satoshi , Nakata Fumiaki , Okada Norio , Sarugaku Yuki , Richmond Michael W. , Akitaya Hiroshi , Aldering Greg , Arimatsu Ko , Contreras Carlos , Horiuchi Takashi , Hsiao Eric Y. , Itoh Ryosuke , Iwata Ikuru , Kawabata Koji S. , Kawai Nobuyuki , Kitagawa Yutaro , Kokubo Mitsuru , Kuroda Daisuke , Mazzali Paolo , Misawa Toru , Moritani Yuki , Morrell Nidia , Okamoto Rina , Pavlyuk Nikolay , Phillips Mark M. , Pian Elena , Sahu Devendra , Saito Yoshihiko , Sano Kei , Stritzinger Maximilian D. , Tachibana Yutaro , Taddia Francesco , Takaki Katsutoshi , Tateuchi Ken , Tomita Akihiko , Tsvetkov Dmitry , Ui Takahiro , Ukita Nobuharu , Urata Yuji , Walker Emma S. , Yoshii Taketoshi 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
The Kiso Supernova Survey (KISS) is a high-cadence optical wide-field supernova (SN) survey. The primary goal of the survey is to catch the very early light of a SN, during the shock breakout phase. Detection of SN shock breakouts combined with multi-band photometry obtained with other facilities would provide detailed physical information on the progenitor stars of SNe. The survey is performed using a 2 $_{.}^{\circ}$2 × 2 $_{.}^{\circ}$2 field-of-view instrument on the 1.05-m Kiso Schmidt telescope, the Kiso Wide Field Camera (KWFC). We take a 3-min exposure in g-band once every hour in our survey, reaching magnitude g ∼ 20–21. About 100 nights of telescope time per year have been spent on the survey since 2012 April. The number of the shock breakout detections is estimated to be of the order of 1 during our three-year project. This paper summarizes the KISS project including the KWFC observing setup, the survey strategy, the data reduction system, and CBET-reported SNe discovered so far by KISS.
X-ray filament with a strong 6.7-keV line in the Galactic center region
Authors: Yamauchi Shigeo , Shimizu Miku , Nakashima Shinya , Nobukawa Masayoshi , Tsuru Takeshi Go , Koyama Katsuji 
Published: December 2014

Abstract
An elongated X-ray source with a strong K-shell line from He-like iron (Fe xxvi) is found at (RA, Dec)J2000.0 = (17h44m00${^{s}_{.}}$0, − 29°13′40${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$9) in the Galactic center region. The position coincides with the X-ray thread, G359.55+0.16, which is aligned with the radio non-thermal filament. The X-ray spectrum is well fitted with an absorbed thin thermal plasma (apec) model. The best-fitting temperature, metal abundance, and column density are $4.1^{+2.7}_{-1.8}$ keV, $0.58^{+0.41}_{-0.32}$ solar, and $6.1^{+2.5}_{-1.3} \times 10^{22}$ cm−2, respectively. These values are similar to those of the largely extended Galactic center X-ray emission.
Searching and Indexing Genomic Databases via Kernelization
Authors: Gagie Travis , Puglisi Simon J. 
Published: December 2014

AbstractThe rapid advance of DNA sequencing technologies has yielded databases of thousands of genomes. To search and index these databases effectively, it is important that we take advantage of the similarity between those genomes. Several authors have recently suggested searching or indexing only one reference genome and the parts of the other genomes where they differ. In this paper we survey the twenty-year history of this idea and discuss its relation to kernelization in parameterized complexity.
Key respiratory genes elucidate bacterial community respiration in a seasonally anoxic estuary
Authors: Eggleston Erin M. , Lee Dong Y. , Owens Michael S. , Cornwell Jeffrey C. , Crump Byron C. , Hewson Ian 
Published: December 2014

SummaryIntense annual spring phytoplankton blooms and thermohaline stratification lead to anoxia in Chesapeake Bay bottom waters. Once oxygen becomes depleted in the system, microbial communities use energetically favourable alternative electron acceptors for respiration. The extent to which changes in respiration are reflected in community gene expression have only recently been investigated. Metatranscriptomes prepared from near‐bottom water plankton over a 4‐month time series in central Chesapeake Bay demonstrated changes consistent with terminal electron acceptor availability. The frequency of respiration‐related genes in metatranscriptomes was examined by BLASTx against curated databases of genes intimately and exclusively involved in specific electron acceptor utilization pathways. The relative expression of genes involved in denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium were coincident with changes in nitrate, nitrite and ammonium concentrations. Dissimilatory iron and manganese reduction transcript ratios increase during anoxic conditions and corresponded with the highest soluble reactive phosphate and manganese concentrations. The sulfide concentration peaked in late July and early August and also matched dissimilatory sulfate reduction transcript ratios. We show that rather than abrupt transitions between terminal electron acceptors, there is substantial overlap in time and space of these various anaerobic respiratory processes in Chesapeake Bay.
Adaptation of anaerobic cultures of Escherichia coli K‐12 in response to environmental trimethylamine‐N‐oxide
Authors: Denby Katie J. , Rolfe Matthew D. , Crick Ellen , Sanguinetti Guido , Poole Robert K. , Green Jeffrey 
Published: December 2014

SummarySystematic analyses of transcriptional and metabolic changes occurring when Escherichia coli K‐12 switches from fermentative growth to anaerobic respiratory growth with trimethylamine‐N‐oxide (TMAO) as the terminal electron acceptor revealed: (i) the induction of torCAD, but not genes encoding alternative TMAO reductases; (ii) transient expression of frmRAB, encoding formaldehyde dehydrogenase; and (iii) downregulation of copper resistance genes. Simultaneous inference of 167 transcription factor (TF) activities implied that transcriptional re‐programming was mediated by 20 TFs, including the transient inactivation of the two‐component system ArcBA; a prediction validated by direct measurement of phosphorylated ArcA. Induction of frmRAB, detection of dimethylamine in culture medium and formaldehyde production when cell‐free extracts were incubated with TMAO suggested the presence of TMAO demethylase activity. Accordingly, the viability of an frmRAB mutant was compromised upon exposure to TMAO. Downregulation of genes involved in copper resistance could be accounted for by TMAO inhibition of Cu(II) reduction. The simplest interpretation of the data is that during adaptation to the presence of environmental TMAO, anaerobic fermentative cultures of E. coli respond by activating the TorTSR regulatory system with consequent induction of TMAO reductase activity, resulting in net oxidation of menaquinone and inhibition of Cu(II) reduction, responses that are sensed by ArcBA and CusRS respectively.
Response of intertidal benthic microalgal biofilms to a coupled light–temperature stress: evidence for latitudinal adaptation along the Atlantic coast of Southern Europe
Authors: Laviale Martin , Barnett Alexandre , Ezequiel João , Lepetit Bernard , Frankenbach Silja , Méléder Vona , Serôdio João , Lavaud Johann 
Published: December 2014

SummaryAlthough estuarine microphytobenthos (MPB) is frequently exposed to excessive light and temperature conditions, little is known on their interactive effects on MPB primary productivity. Laboratory and in situ experiments were combined to investigate the short‐term joint effects of high light (HL) and high temperature (37°C versus 27°C) on the operating efficiency of photoprotective processes [vertical migration versus non‐photochemical quenching (NPQ)] exhibited by natural benthic diatom communities from two intertidal flats in France (FR) and Portugal (PT). A clear latitudinal pattern was observed, with PT biofilms being more resistant to HL stress, regardless the effect of temperature, and displaying a lower relative contribution of vertical migration to photoprotection and a stronger NPQ in situ. However, higher temperature leads to comparable effects, with photoinhibition increasing to about three times (i.e. from 3% to 10% and from 8% to 22% in PT and FR sites respectively). By using a number of methodological novelties in MPB research (lipid peroxidation quantification, Lhcx proteins immunodetection), this study brings a physiological basis to the previously reported depression of MPB photosynthetic productivity in summer. They emphasize the joint role of temperature and light in limiting, at least transiently (i.e. during emersion), MPB photosynthetic activity in situ.
Changes in microbial communities in coastal sediments along natural CO2 gradients at a volcanic vent in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Raulf Felix F. , Fabricius Katharina , Uthicke Sven , de Beer Dirk , Abed Raeid M. M. , Ramette Alban 
Published: December 2014

SummaryNatural CO2 venting systems can mimic conditions that resemble intermediate to high pCO2 levels as predicted for our future oceans. They represent ideal sites to investigate potential long‐term effects of ocean acidification on marine life. To test whether microbes are affected by prolonged exposure to pCO2 levels, we examined the composition and diversity of microbial communities in oxic sandy sediments along a natural CO2 gradient. Increasing pCO2 was accompanied by higher bacterial richness and by a strong increase in rare members in both bacterial and archaeal communities. Microbial communities from sites with CO2 concentrations close to today's conditions had different structures than those of sites with elevated CO2 levels. We also observed increasing sequence abundance of several organic matter degrading types of Flavobacteriaceae and Rhodobacteraceae, which paralleled concurrent shifts in benthic cover and enhanced primary productivity. With increasing pCO2, sequences related to bacterial nitrifying organisms such as Nitrosococcus and Nitrospirales decreased, and sequences affiliated to the archaeal ammonia‐oxidizing Thaumarchaeota Nitrosopumilus maritimus increased. Our study suggests that microbial community structure and diversity, and likely key ecosystem functions, may be altered in coastal sediments by long‐term CO2 exposure to levels predicted for the end of the century.