bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of developmental dysplasia of the hip in young adults
Authors: Kosuge D. , Yamada N. , Azegami S. , Achan P. , Ramachandran M. 
Published: May 2013

The term developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) describes a spectrum of disorders that results in abnormal development of the hip joint. If not treated successfully in childhood, these patients may go on to develop hip symptoms and/or secondary osteoarthritis in adulthood. In this review we describe the altered anatomy encountered in adults with DDH along with the management options, and the challenges associated with hip arthroscopy, osteotomies and arthroplasty for the treatment of DDH in young adults.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:732–7.
Current screening recommendations for developmental dysplasia of the hip may lead to an increase in open reduction
Authors: Price K. R. , Dove R. , Hunter J. B. 
Published: May 2013

Most centres in the United Kingdom adopt a selective screening programme for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) based on repeated clinical examination and selective ultrasound examination. The Newborn Infant Physical Examination protocol implemented in 2008 recommends a first examination at birth and then a second and final examination at six to ten weeks of age. Due to concerns over an increase in late presentations we performed a retrospective review of our 15-year results to establish if late presentation increases treatment requirements. Of children presenting before six weeks of age, 84% were treated successfully with abduction bracing, whereas 86% of children presenting after ten months eventually required open reduction surgery. This equates to a 12-fold increase in relative risk of requiring open reduction following late presentation. Increasing age at presentation was associated with an increase in the number of surgical procedures, which are inevitably more extensive and complex, with a consequent increased in cost per patient. The implementation of an opportunistic examination at three to five months could help to reduce the unintended consequences of the Newborn Infant Physical Examination programme.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:846–50.
Stability of Diluted Adenosine Solutions in Polyolefin Infusion Bags
Authors: Almagambetova Elise , Hutchinson David , Blais Danielle M. , Zhao Fang 
Published: May 2013

Background Intravenous or intracoronary adenosine is used in the cardiac catherization lab to achieve maximal coronary blood flow and determine fractional flow reserve. Objective To determine the stability of adenosine 10 and 50 µg/mL in either 0.9% sodium chloride injection or 5% dextrose injection in polyolefin infusion bags stored at 2 temperatures, refrigeration (2°C-8°C) or controlled room temperature (20°C-25°C). Methods Adenosine 10 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL solutions were prepared in 50 mL polyolefin infusion bags containing 0.9% sodium chloride injection or 5% dextrose injection and stored at controlled room temperature or under refrigeration. Each combination of concentration, diluent, and storage was prepared in triplicate. Samples were assayed using stability-indicating, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography immediately at time 0 and at 24 hours, 48 hours, 7 days, and 14 days. Stability was defined as retaining 90% to 110% of the initial adenosine concentration. The samples were also visually inspected against a light background for clarity, color, and the presence of particulate matter. Results After 14 days, all samples retained 99% to 101% of the initial adenosine concentration. No considerable change in pH or visual appearance was noted. The stability data indicated no significant loss of drug due to chemical degradation or physical interactions during storage. Conclusion Adenosine solutions of 10 and 50 µg/mL were stable for at least 14 days in 50 mL polyolefin infusion bags of 0.9% sodium chloride injection or 5% dextrose injection stored at controlled room temperature and refrigerated conditions.
iOCT with surgical microscopes: a new imaging during microsurgery
Authors: Lankenau Eva Maria , Krug Marc , Oelckers Stefan , Schrage Norbert , Just Tino , Hüttmann Gereon 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique, which recently has found important clinical micrometer applications. It allows noncontact and non-invasive cross-section imaging of the tissues with a depth resolution of about 10 µm. Similar to high-frequency ultrasound, the OCT shows real-time cross-sectional images of the tissue structures and tissue layers in a depth of a few millimeters. The OCT has evolved to an indispensable tool in ophthalmic diagnosis. An emerging application is the intraoperative use of OCT (iOCT). We developed the first commercially available device for the OCT, a universal OCT-Camera, which can be attached to the camera port of the different surgical microscopes. The OCT-Camera is completely integrated into the surgical procedure by enabling the OCT imaging before, during, and after microsurgery without interruption. The individual steps and the outcome of the surgical procedures, such as transplantation of the thin membranes or micro implants, are visualized in real time. The easy handling and first clinical applications of the iOCT were successfully demonstrated.
RDA in der bibliothekarischen Ausbildung
Authors: Wiesenmüller Heidrun 
Published: May 2013

Zusammenfassung:
Die Einführung des neuen Katalogisierungsstandards RDA stellt eine besondere Herausforderung für Lehrende und Unterrichtende in der bibliothekarischen Ausbildung dar. Da die Details der Umsetzung noch nicht bekannt sind, ist die Vermittlung vorerst nur sehr eingeschränkt möglich. In einer Online-Umfrage wurden der Stand der Vorbereitungen bei den Lehrenden, ihre besonderen Bedürfnisse und Schwierigkeiten sowie ihre Erwartungen für die Zukunft erfragt. Der Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse vor und interpretiert sie.
Monopolistic Signal Provision
Authors: Rayo Luis 
Published: May 2013

AbstractI study a monopolist who sells a signal to a consumer with a hidden type. The consumer uses this signal to obtain social status, defined as the expectation of the consumer’s type conditional on the signal. The monopolist must decide how accurately different types are revealed. When pooling subsets of types, she reduces social surplus, but extracts greater information rents. I derive the optimal mechanism by examining the covariance between the consumer’s type and his virtual marginal value of social status.
Optimal Use of Rewards as Commitment Device When Bidding Is Costly
Authors: Hu Luke 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper considers procurement auctions with costly bidding when the auctioneer is unable to commit himself to restrict the number of bidders. The auctioneer can, however, publicly pledge to pay a financial reward to every contractor he has invited to bid, as an indirect commitment device. Rewards for short-listed bidders are costly. Nevertheless, it is generally optimal for the procurer to credibly implement the same restriction of the number of bidders that is optimal under full commitment.
The variety of nilpotent elements and invariant polynomial functions on the special algebra Sn
Authors: Wei Junyan , Chang Hao , Lu Xin 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
In the study of the variety of nilpotent elements in a Lie algebra,
Premet conjectured that this variety is irreducible for any finite dimensional
restricted Lie algebra. In this paper, with the assumption that the ground field is algebraically closed of characteristic p > 3, we confirm this conjecture
for the Lie algebras of Cartan type S˜
n
and Sn
.
Moreover, we show that the variety of nilpotent elements in Sn

is a complete intersection.
Motivated by the proof of the irreducibility, we describe explicitly the ring of invariant polynomial functions on Sn
.
The Lefschetz coincidence class of p maps
Authors: Biasi Carlos , Libardi Alice K. M. , Monis Thaís F. M. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Let X be an arbitrary topological space and let Y be a closed
connected oriented n-dimensional manifold. In this work we
consider p maps
f
1,...,fp
: X → Y, p ≥ 2, define
a Lefschetz class L(f
1,...,fp
) ∈ H

n(p-1)(X;ℚ) and prove that
L(f
1,...,fp
) ≠ 0 implies
f
1(x) = f
2(x) = ⋯ = fp
(x) for some x ∈ X. In the particular
case where Y is a homology sphere there are presented some formulas to
calculate L(f
1,...,fp
).
Thermochemical Heat Storage for High Temperature Applications – A Review
Authors: Felderhoff M. , Urbanczyk R. , Peil S. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractHeat storage for high temperature applications can be performed by several heat storage techniques. Very promising heat storage methods are based on thermochemical gas solid reactions. Most known systems are metal oxide/steam (metal hydroxides), carbon dioxide (metal carbonates), and metal/hydrogen (metal hydrides) systems. These heat storage materials posses high gravimetric and volumetric heat storage densities and because of separation of the reaction products and their storage in different locations heat losses can be avoided. The reported volumetric heat storage densities are 615, 1340 and 1513 [kWh m
Esterified lignin coating as water vapor and oxygen barrier for fiber-based packaging
Authors: Hult Eva-Lena , Koivu Klaus , Asikkala Janne , Ropponen Jarmo , Wrigstedt Pauli , Sipilä Jussi , Poppius-Levlin Kristiina 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
Lignin, esterified with palmitic and lauric acid chloride, has been studied for the application as coating on fiber-based packaging material. The aim was to improve the barrier properties against water vapor and oxygen of paperboard. The esterification was followed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography measurements. The lignin esters were applied on paperboard and formed a continuous film. The moisture barrier property of the coated paperboards was characterized by the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). A significant decrease in WVTR was observed, for example, 40 g m-2 (for 24 h) for a paperboard coated with 10.4 g m-2 hardwood kraft lignin palmitate. The contact angle of water on the lignin ester coatings was high and stable. For all paperboard samples coated with lignin esters, a significant decrease in oxygen transmission rate was observed. Accordingly, lignin palmitate and laurate have a high potential as a barrier materials in packaging applications.
AFM nanoindentation of pulp fibers and thin cellulose films at varying relative humidity
Authors: Ganser Christian , Hirn Ulrich , Rohm Sebastian , Schennach Robert , Teichert Christian 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
In papermaking, the formation of bonds between single pulp fibers is influenced by the hardness of the fibers in their wet state. In this work, transversal hardness and modulus of pulp fibers have been studied via atomic force microscopy-based nanoindentation in dependence on relative humidity (RH). Additionally, the change in hardness of cellulose and xylan/cellulose model films was also investigated as a function of swelling in the presence of water and calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution. The hardness of pulp fibers is decreasing slowly from 240 MPa at 5% RH to 90 MPa at 80% RH and exhibits a distinct decrease to 2.7 MPa at the fully wet state. The hardness in water is reduced by a factor of almost 100 compared with the dry state; therefore, a form change is easily possible and facilitates the formation of hydrogen bonds on the fiber surfaces. The investigations on the model films reveal that pure cellulose hardens in the CaCl2 solution, compared with distilled water, whereas xylan on cellulose is becoming softer.
High level expression of the Drosophila Toll receptor ectodomain and crystallization of its complex with the morphogen Spätzle
Authors: Stelter Marco , Fandrich Uwe , Franzke Kati , Schierhorn Angelika , Breithaupt Constanze , Parthier Christoph , Stubbs Milton T. 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Drosophila Toll receptors are involved in embryonic development and in the immune response of adult flies. In both processes, the Toll receptor ligand is the NGF-like cystine knot protein Spätzle. Here we present the expression of Toll receptor ectodomain in Schneider cells at high yields and demonstrate a high affinity interaction with the refolded and trypsin-processed Spätzle cystine knot domain dimer. Poorly and anisotropically diffracting crystals of the complex could be improved by deglycosylation and dehydration, paving the way for structural analyses of the Toll-Spätzle interaction.
Tribological Properties of WC-12Co Coating on AZ91 Magnesium Alloy Fabricated by High Velocity Oxy-Fuel Spray
Authors: Yıldız F. 
Published: May 2013

AbstractIn this study, conventional WC-12Co cermet coatings were deposited on AZ91 magnesium alloy using High Velocity Oxy-Fuel spray method. The effects of different coating thicknesses (60 and 120 µm) and wear loads (20 and 30 N) on tribological properties of AZ91 magnesium alloy coated with WC-12Co were investigated. Structural, mechanical and tribological properties of WC-12Co coatings were analyzed by means of X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, micro-hardness tester and pin-on-disc tribotester. It was observed that WC-12Co coating is an effective method for improving the wear behavior of AZ91 magnesium alloy.
Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of CeO2 Nanoparticles by Surfactants
Authors: Cuahtecontzi-Delint Rosalia , Mendez-Rojas Miguel A , Bandala Erick R , Quiroz Marco A , Recillas Sonia , Sanchez-Salas Jose Luis 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were tested to assess their toxicity on Escherichia coli strain in the presence of non-ionic surfactants. The NPs were dispersed in water by sonication at different pH values and times then mixed with three different surfactants (i.e., Triton X-100, Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) and Tween 80) with a concentration of 0.001% v/v. It was found that sonication favored dispersion of the material and produced particles having 100 nm sizes in average. The material show toxicity to E. coli at pH 7 when growth using only minimal M9 media; no toxic response was observed for bacteria growth in rich media. The toxic effect in minimal media was enhanced by adding any of the non-ionic surfactants to the media. The use of CeO2 plus surfactant decreased the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of E. coli. The highest effect was observed for addition of Tween 80, in this case MIC value was 0.150 mg mL–1 compared to 3 mg mL–1 of CeO2 alone (almost 20 times improvement). These findings suggest the importance of different substances that can interact with NPs, like surfactants, usually present in wastewater systems that may lead to undesirable unexpected toxic characteristics in materials usually considered as innocuous.
Influence of Speed Governors of Hydropower Stations on Frequency Stabilization of Fixed-Speed Wind Farm
Authors: AL Jowder Fawzi A. Rahman 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThis paper uses a small power system, consisting of two hydropower stations and a fixed-speed wind farm as sources of power, to study the influence of type of speed governor of hydropower stations on the frequency stabilization of the fixed-speed wind farm. As an example, two types of speed governors are selected which are (1) mechanical-hydraulic speed governor and (2) electrical-hydraulic speed governor. Rest of the speed governors can be also examined following the same methodology presented in the research. Two transfer functions, which correspond to the two speed governors, are developed for each hydropower station. The overall transfer function of the test power system is developed, and different study cases are presented. The frequency response analysis of the different transfer functions is used to compare the two speed governors based on their ability to stabilize the frequency deviation of the fixed-speed wind resulting from electrical or mechanical disturbances in the power systems. Time-domain simulations under a mechanical disturbance, represented by a wind gust, and an electrical disturbance, represented by three-phase to ground fault, are performed to validate the results of the frequency response analysis.
A Multi-Scale Three-Dimensional CFD Model of a Full Loaded Cool Storage
Authors: Sajadiye Seyed Majid , Ahmadi Hojjat , Zolfaghari Maryam , Mohtasebi Seyed Saeid , Mostofi Younes , Raja Amir 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
A multi-scale three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to predict airflow, heat and mass transfer in a typical full loaded cool storage. In order to reduce the computational costs, the porous media parameters of the bed of the apples inside the vented containers were extracted using a series of wind tunnel CFD simulations and then applied in the cool storage model. The model was validated against experiments by means of velocity, product temperature, and product weight loss measurements in cool storage. The errors of about 23.2 and 9.1% were achieved for velocity magnitude prediction in the cool storage and the product weight loss after 54 days of cooling in the loaded cool storage, respectively. The model over predicted the cooling rate of the products temperature; however, it showed a good trend of cooling rate. About 11°C difference was observed between the hottest and the coldest product temperatures at half cooling time by experiments that were in good agreement with the simulation results with about 10°C. This difference changes versus time of cooling and reached to about 4°C at the end of the cooling time. The product’s temperature heterogeneity was predicted 1.9°C between the 7 and 9 hours of cooling and reduced to 0.6°C at the end of the cooling. The multi-scale model was capable of predicting air velocity, product temperature, and weight loss with reasonable accuracy and was reliable enough for numerical studies on larger domain with high reduction in computational costs.
An Intelligent Signal Processing Method for High-Speed Weighing System
Authors: He Hui-Mei , Huang Pingjie , Hou Dibo , Cai Wen , Liu Zhe , Zhang Guangxin 
Published: May 2013

Abstract
The dynamic weighing signal processing method in high-speed fruits sorting system directly affects the weighing accuracy. This paper describes a basic modeling method for time series, including modeling, order determining, applicability analysis, and prediction. Considering the structural characteristics of weighing system and the limit of PLC sampling speed, a modified auto-regressive (AR) model for stable value prediction of the high-speed weighing signals is presented. Meanwhile, a simulation base on Matlab platform and an implementation example are used to test the method performance. At last, the impacts of environmental changes, sorting speeds, fruits shapes, and sizes on the method performance are discussed. In experimental conditions, this method can be applied to fruits sorting system with sorting speed up to 18 per second for standard fruit (smooth round surface without defects) and an acceptable weighing accuracy can be obtained.
Language maintenance and language loss in marginalized communities: the case of the bateyes in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Jansen Silke 
Published: May 2013

AbstractThe so called bateyes, former company towns for sugar workers in the Dominican Republic, are today marginalized communities with a high concentration of Dominicans of Haitian descent and illegal immigrants from Haiti. In this article, a first approach is made to describe the language contact situation in the Dominican
Effect of Jobelyn® on intruder- and isolation-induced aggressive behavior in mice
Authors: Umukoro Solomon , Omogbiya Itivere Adrian , Eduviere Taghogho Anthony 
Published: May 2013

Abstract

Background: Aggression is a violent behavior emitted against another organism that may lead to its harm or death and thus is of public health significance, which necessitates the search for agents with anti-aggressive property. This study investigated the effect of Jobelyn
®
(JB), a unique African polyherbal formulation, on intruder- and isolation-induced aggressive behaviors in mice.

Methods: Male mice that showed aggression after being housed individually with female counterparts for 3 weeks or kept in isolation for 4 weeks were treated orally (p.o.) with JB (5, 10 or 50 mg/kg), haloperidol (HP) (1 mg/kg), fluoxetine (FL) (10 mg/kg), p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) (20 mg/kg), mianserin (MS) (50 mg/kg) or distilled water (10 mL/kg) 60 min before being tested for aggression. Interaction studies involving oral administration of PCPA (20 mg/kg), FL (10 mg/kg) or MS (50 mg/kg) to aggressive mice that had received JB (5 or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) 30 min earlier were assessed. The effect of JB (5, 10 or 50 mg/kg, p.o.) on defensive behaviors was also evaluated.

Results: JB (5, 10 or 50 mg/kg) decreased aggressive behaviors without impairing the defensive mechanisms of mice. PCPA (20 mg/kg), an inhibitor of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) biosynthesis, increased aggressive responses and reduced the anti-aggressive effect of JB. FL (10 mg/kg), a 5-HT reuptake inhibitor, significantly suppressed aggression but did not alter the effect of JB on aggression. MS (50 mg/kg), a 5-HT receptor antagonist, reduced aggression and enhanced the effect of JB on aggression.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that JB has anti-aggressive activity, which may be related to the enhancement of serotonergic system.
More hyperelastic models for rubber-like materials: consistent tangent operators and comparative study
Authors: Hossain Mokarram , Steinmann Paul 
Published: May 2013

AbstractRubber-like materials can deform largely and nonlinearly upon loading, and they return to the initial configuration when the load is removed. Such rubber elasticity is achieved due to very flexible long-chain molecules and a three-dimensional network structure that is formed via cross-linking or entanglements between molecules. Over the years, to model the mechanical behavior of such randomly oriented microstructures, several phenomenological and micromechanically motivated network models for nearly incompressible hyperelastic polymeric materials have been proposed in the literature. To implement these models for polymeric material (undoubtedly with widespread engineering applications) in the finite element framework for solving a boundary value problem, one would require two important ingredients, i.e., the stress tensor and the consistent fourth-order tangent operator, where the latter is the result of linearization of the former. In our previous work, 14 such material models are reviewed by deriving the accurate stress tensors and tangent operators from a group of phenomenological and micromechanical models at large deformations. The current contribution will supplement some further important models that were not included in the previous work. For comparison of all selected models in reproducing the well-known Treloar data, the analytical expressions for the three homogeneous defomation modes, i.e., uniaxial tension, equibiaxial tension, and pure shear, have been derived and the performances of the models are analyzed.