bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal effects and ecological divergence in aquatic plants: a case study in natural reciprocal hybrids between Potamogeton perfoliatus and P. wrightii
Authors: IIDA SATOKO , KADONO YASURO , KOSUGE KEIKO 
Published: January 2013

AbstractWhen parental taxa are adapted to different habitats, hybrid genotypes are often highly heterogeneous, such that habitat or ecological factors influence hybrid fate and ecological performance. Trait expression in hybrids is not always intermediate between the parents, but may instead be either parental‐like or extreme (transgressive) depending on genetic control of the phenotypes. Maternal effects arising from interspecific interaction between cytoplasmic and nuclear genomes are widely recognized as playing a role in character expression of natural hybrids. Such interaction often leads to hybrid sterility or inviability. When hybrids are viable, however, cytonuclear interaction may contribute to hybrid persistence through its influence on trait expression. To date, maternal influence on hybrid performance has been examined primarily in experimentally produced hybrids, or in natural hybrids without identification of the cross direction owing to difficulty in obtaining species‐specific molecular markers. In aquatic plants, many hybrids persist by extensive clonal growth and are important components of aquatic communities. Many such hybrids are known in Potamogeton (pondweeds), the largest aquatic genus. Because Potamogeton species are ecologically highly diverse and maternal lineages are readily distinguished using molecular markers, natural hybrids of Potamogeton are well‐suited for studies of maternal effects, especially those affecting vegetative performance. As a case study, we have focused on maternal effects on drought tolerance and depth distribution in the natural hybrid P. × anguillanus derived from the closely related species P. perfoliatus and P. wrightii.
Kidney biopsy in pregnancy: evidence for counselling? A systematic narrative review
Authors: Piccoli GB , Daidola G , Attini R , Parisi S , Fassio F , Naretto C , Deagostini MC , Castelluccia N , Ferraresi M , Roccatello D , Todros T 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundKidney diseases, which have a prevalence of 3% in women of childbearing age, are increasingly encountered in pregnancy. Glomerulonephritis may develop or flare up in pregnancy, and a differential diagnosis with pre‐eclampsia may be impossible on clinical grounds. Use of kidney biopsy is controversial, but a systematic review has not been carried out to date.ObjectivesTo review the literature on kidney biopsy in pregnancy, with a focus on indications, risks and timing.Search strategyMedline, Embase, CHINAL and the Cochrane Library were searched in September 2012, with ‘pregnancy’ and ‘kidney biopsy’ used as MESH and free terms, for the period 1980–2012. Results were filtered for ‘human’ if this option was available.Selection criteriaBiopsies during pregnancy and within 2 months after delivery. Case reports (fewer than five cases) and kidney grafts were excluded. Paper selection was performed in duplicate.Data collection and analysisData were extracted in duplicate. The high heterogeneity in study design necessitated that the review be narrative, except for data on adverse events, which were analysed with regard to the timing of kidney biopsy.Main resultsOf 949 references, 39 were selected, providing data on 243 biopsies in pregnancy and 1236 after delivery (timing was unclear in 106 women). The main aims of the studies were to define morphology in pre‐eclampsia (23 studies), to carry out a risk–benefit analysis of kidney biopsy (11 studies), and to investigate pregnancy‐related acute kidney injury (five studies). Four cases of major bleeding complications occurred at 23–26 weeks of gestation. Relevant complications were observed in 7% of women during pregnancy and 1% after delivery (P = 0.001). Kidney biopsy performed for the diagnosis of glomerulonephritis or pre‐eclampsia led to therapeutic changes in 66% of cases.Authors’ conclusionsThe evidence on kidney biopsy in pregnancy is heterogeneous, but a significantly higher risk of complications (relative to postpartum biopsy) was found, with a possible peak at around 25 gestational weeks.
Label‐free quantification for discovering novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and assessment of disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Han Na‐Young , Choi Wooseok , Park Jong‐Moon , Kim Eun Hee , Lee Hookeun , Hahm Ki‐Baik 
Published: January 2013

ObjectiveNo distinctive biomarkers capable of discriminating between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) have yet been found. In this study, we aimed to discover these biomarkers by using advanced label‐free quantification technology for proteomes.MethodsBiomarker protein expressions of colonic tissues of Korean IBD patients and controls were determined using label‐free quantification to compare the protein profiles of colonic mucosa in three individuals with normal colonic tissue, four patients with UC, three with CD and two with inflammatory polyps related to UC. A computational framework and tools for discovery‐based liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry proteomics was applied to draw the biomarkers.ResultsIn total, 339 proteins were identified in normal sample group, 217 and 283 proteins in active and inactive UC, 345 and 366 proteins in active and inactive CD and 392 proteins in inflammatory polyps related to UC, respectively. The findings were reproducible. A Corra analysis led to the discovery of 27 potential biomarkers in UC, 37 biomarkers relevant to CD and 11 proteins commonly associated with IBD. Three novel proteins, PRG2, LCP1 and PSME1 were identified as biomarkers signifying active CD.ConclusionThis is the first study to apply label‐free quantification for discovering biomarkers in patients with different types and stages of IBD, providing additional insights for revealing the molecular pathogenesis of IBD as well as protein biomarkers of IBD predicting responses to treatment.
A New Chinese Anurognathid Pterosaur and the Evolution of Pterosaurian Tail Lengths
Authors: Junchang LÜ , HONE David W.E. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract:A new anurognathid pterosaur specimen from the Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of Qinglong, northern Hebie Province is described. The new specimen is referred to Dendrorhynchoides, based on the general morphology of the skeleton, but it represents a new species, named here as Dendrorhynchoides mutoudengensis sp. nov.. It is characterized by the presence of short, robust and straight teeth, and bearing wing metacarpal approximately 40% of the length of humerus. The new specimen provides further osteological information for anurognathid pterosaurs, especially the presence of a relatively elongate tail.
The Flight Dynamics of Tapejara, a Pterosaur From the Early Cretaceous of Brazil with a Large Cranial Crest
Authors: CHATTERJEE Sankar , TEMPLIN R. Jack 
Published: January 2013

Abstract:Tapejara wellnhoferi, a small azhdarchoid pterodactyloid from the Early Cretaceous Santana Formation of Brazil, provides critical information about the aerodynamic function of its spectacular head crest. The cranial crests in pterodactyloids were sexually dimorphic and are thought to have evolved in adult males in response to female mate choice. However, the location of cranial crests in front of the center of gravity would create instability in the yaw axis during flight and may seem like a handicap. Vertically aligned webbed feet probably suppressed the yawing rotations and instability from the crest. Here we show that the crest functioned as a front rudder to make agile turn and mediate flight control. A computer simulation model suggests that Tapejara had a large excess of muscle power available above the power required for continuous flapping flight. It could easily takeoff from a perch, ground, or water surface and land safely on the ground. It was an excellent glider with a gliding angle close to 4° and a cruising speed of 27 km/h. Tapejara could soar efficiently on the windward side of cliffs or circle on rising thermals over tropical waters for efficient long‐distance flight. Various control surfaces in the wings of Tapejara analogous to the slat, aileron, elevator, fin, rudder, and horizontal stabilizer of an aircraft made pterodactyloids versatile flyers.
Dragon Tails: Convergent Caudal Morphology in Winged Archosaurs
Authors: PERSONS W. Scott , CURRIE Philip J. 
Published: January 2013

Abstract:In the tails of dromaeosaurid dinosaurs and rhamphorhynchid pterosaurs, elongate osteological rods extend anteriorly from the chevrons and the prezygapophyses. These caudal rods are positioned in parallel and are stacked dorsoventrally. The fully articulated and three‐dimensionally preserved caudal series of some dromaeosaurid specimens show that individually these caudal rods were flexible, not rigid as previously thought. However, examination of the arrangement of the caudal rods in cross‐section indicates that the combined effect of multiple caudal rods did provide substantial rigidity in the dorsoventral, but not in the lateral, plane. The results of digital muscle reconstructions confirm that dromaeosaurids and rhamphorhynchids also shared greatly reduced caudofemoral muscles in the anterior tail region. The striking similarities between the tails of dromaeosaurids and rhamphorhynchids suggest that both evolved under similar behavioral and biomechanical pressures. Combined with recent discoveries of primitive deinonychosaurs that phylogenetically bracket the evolution of dromaeosaurid caudal rods between two arboreal gliding/flying forms, these results are evidence that the unique caudal morphologies of dromaeosaurids and rhamphorhynchids were both adaptations for an aerial lifestyle.
Radiolarians from the Pohang Basin, Southeast Korea and Paleoceanographic Implications
Authors: BAK Young‐Suk , LEE Jong‐Deock , YUN Hyesu , OH Jinyong , LEE Seong‐Joo 
Published: January 2013

Abstract:We identified a total of 101 species and two subspecies of radiolarians belonging to 56 genera from 95 samples collected from the Hagjeon and Duho Formations in the Pohang Basin of the southeastern Korean Peninsula. On the basis of the biostratigraphic range of Cyrtocapsella cornuta and Theocorys redondoensis, the depositional period of the upper Hagjeon and lowest Duho Formations was determined to be early to late Middle Miocene. The occurrence of deep‐dwelling radiolarians indicates that the paleobathymetry seems to become gradually progressing toward an upper bathyal environment in the middle part of the Hagjeon Formation. However, we prefer to accept another interpretation for the occurrence of deep‐sea indicators in the Hagjeon and the lowest part of the Duho Formations, and consider the presence of a region of upwelling cold water that might have simulated a deep‐water environment in relatively shallow water. This interpretation is based on the present upwelling of a cold‐water mass off the southeast coast of Korea, the occurrence of upwelling microfossils from the Pohang Basin, and the effect of the closing of the Korea Strait approximately 15 Ma. We also considered that the uppermost part of the studied section represents a shallow‐water environment.
Calcareous Nannoplankton Biostratigraphy of the Bartin Province, Western Black Sea, Turkey
Authors: OZER Caner Kaya , TOKER Vedia 
Published: January 2013

Abstract:Calcareous nannoplankton biostratigraphy has been performed on five sedimentary sections through the marine Akveren Formation from the Bartin region of northern Turkey, on the southern Black Sea coast. This new biostratigraphy provides an age for the formation of the Early Campanian (nannofossil zone UC15aTP) to Early Selandian (nannofossil zone NP5), and highlights the presence of the Campanian/Maastrichtian, Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T), and Danian/Selandian boundaries in this intermediate palaeolatitude location.Micula muruswas identified below the K/T boundary, butMicula prinsiiandNephrolithus frequenswere not, which implies that the K/T boundary interval is not complete in the study area. These dates are in agreement with previous micropaleontological studies.
40Ar‐39Ar Geochronology and Tectonic Implications of the Blueschist from Northwestern Qiangtang, Northern Tibet, Western China
Authors: Xianchun TANG , Kaijun ZHANG 
Published: January 2013

Abstract:Blueschist exposed in the northwestern Qiangtang terrane, northern Tibet, western China (∼84°30′ E, 34°24′ N), provides new constraints on the tectonic evolution of Qiangtang as well as northern Tibet. The blueschist represented by lawsonite‐ and glaucophane‐bearing assemblages equilibrated at 375–400 °C and ∼11 kbar. 40Ar‐39Ar analysis on mineral separate from one blueschist sample yielded a well‐defined plateau age of ∼242 Ma. Geochemical studies show the blueschist is metamorphosed within‐plate basalts. The high pressure‐low temperature blueschist indicates a Triassic event of lithosphere subduction, and clearly represents an extension of the central Qiangtang metamorphic belt, and defines an in situ suture between eastern and western Qiangtang.
Zircon U‐Pb Age and Geochemistry of the Ore‐hosting Ultramafic Complex of Zhou'an PGE‐Cu‐Ni Deposit, Henan Province, Central China
Authors: Haiqing YAN , Ruiying DING , Zhongli TANG , Yalei WANG , Shuang LIU , Jiahong MA , Yanqiang HU , Kena CHEN 
Published: January 2013

Abstract:The Zhou'an PGE‐Cu‐Ni deposit was recently discovered in the Qinling orogenic belt bound by the Yangtze and the North China Cratons. It is a blind deposit thoroughly covered by the Cenozoic alluvial sediments in the Nanyang Basin. As the first large PGE‐Cu‐Ni deposit discovered in the Qinling‐Dabie‐Sulu orogenic belt, its geological and geochemical characteristic, isotope age, genesis and tectonic setting are of wide concern in both scientific studies and ore exploration. In this contribution, we report the results obtained from a pioneering study. The Zhou'an ultramafic complex is ferruginous, with m/f = 4.79–5.08, and shows the nature of tholeiite series. It is rich in light rare earth elements, Rb, Th, U, La, Sm, Zr and Hf, and poor in heavy rare earth elements, Nd and Ta, suggesting an intraplate setting. It has high 87Sr/86Sr and low 143Nd/144Nd ratios. The ratios of Zr/Nb, La/Nb, Ba/Nb, Rb/Nb, Th/Nb, Th/La and Ba/La, suggest the magma originated from lithosphere mantle. The Fo values of olivine and Pd/Ir‐Ni/Cu diagram suggest primary magma was High Mg basalt. The laser ablation inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy zircon U‐Pb age is 641.5 ± 3.7 Ma.
Fault Systems and their Control of Deep Gas Accumulations in Xujiaweizi Area
Authors: Yonghe SUN , Lin KANG , Haifeng BAI , Xiaofei FU , Ming HU 
Published: January 2013

Abstract:A study of faults and their control of deep gas accumulations has been made on the basis of dividing fault systems in the Xujiaweizi area. The study indicates two sets of fault systems are developed vertically in the Xujiaweizi area, including a lower fault system and an upper fault system. Formed in the period of the Huoshiling Formation to Yingcheng Formation, the lower fault system consists of five fault systems including Xuxi strike‐slip extensional fault system, NE‐trending extensional fault system, near‐EW‐trending regulating fault system, Xuzhong strike‐slip fault system and Xudong strike‐slip fault system. Formed in the period of Qingshankou Formation to Yaojia Formation, the upper fault system was affected mainly by the boundary conditions of the lower fault system, and thus plenty of multi‐directionally distributed dense fault zones were formed in the T2 reflection horizon. The Xuxi fault controlled the formation and distribution of Shahezi coal‐measure source rocks, and Xuzhong and Xudong faults controlled the formation and distribution of volcanic reservoirs of Y1 Member and Y3 Member, respectively. In the forming period of the upper fault system, the Xuzhong fault was of successive strong activities and directly connected gas source rock reservoirs and volcanic reservoirs, so it is a strongly‐charged direct gas source fault. The volcanic reservoir development zones of good physical properties that may be found near the Xuzhong fault are the favorable target zones for the next exploration of deep gas accumulations in Xujiaweizi area.
Disease outcomes and nodal recurrence in patients with papillary thyroid cancer and lateral neck nodal metastases
Authors: O'Neill Christine J. , Coorough Nicholas , Lee James C. , Clements Joshua , Delbridge Leigh W. , Sippel Rebecca , Sywak Mark S. , Chen Herb , Sidhu Stan B. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic influence of lateral neck nodal metastases present at the time of diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remains controversial. This study aims to document disease outcomes and nodal recurrence rates in such patients.MethodsPatients with PTC and lateral neck nodal metastases who underwent concurrent total thyroidectomy, central and lateral compartment neck dissection between 2000 and 2010 were identified from the prospectively maintained surgical databases of The University of Sydney and University of Wisconsin Endocrine Surgical Units. Disease outcomes and nodal recurrence rates were compared at 12 months post‐operatively and in longer‐term follow‐up.ResultsDuring this 11‐year period, 121 patients were identified. Mean age was 45 years; 58% were female and 98% underwent post‐operative radioactive iodine ablation. At a median follow‐up of 31 months (range 12–140), there were no disease‐specific deaths and disease‐free survival (defined by stimulated serum thyroglobulin (Tg) < 2.0 μg/L, negative clinical and radiological examination) was 66%. Of the 50 patients with persistently elevated Tg measured 12 months post‐operatively, 15 developed clinical lateral neck nodal recurrence. All have undergone re‐operative surgery. Elevated stimulated Tg at 12 months post‐operatively and a nodal ratio of >30% were significantly associated with an increased risk of lateral neck nodal recurrence.ConclusionWith total thyroidectomy, formal compartmental neck dissection and radioactive iodine treatment, disease‐free survival can be achieved in the majority of patients with PTC and synchronous lateral neck nodal metastases. A persistently elevated Tg post‐operatively and a high ratio of metastatic nodes identify patients at increased risk of locoregional recurrence.
Day‐case laparoscopic ventral rectopexy: an achievable reality
Authors: Powar M. P. , Ogilvie J. W. , Stevenson A. R. L. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimLaparoscopic ventral rectopexy (LVR) is a non‐resectional technique for selected patients with full‐thickness rectal prolapse and obstructed defaecation syndrome. Despite its challenges, LVR can be performed with relatively minimal patient trauma thus creating the potential for same‐day discharge. Our aim was to assess the safety of day‐case LVR and identify factors associated with same‐day discharge.MethodData were prospectively collected on all patients (n = 120) from June 2008 to October 2011. Variables included demographics, perioperative details and postoperative course. Primary outcome was length of stay and secondary outcome was symptom improvement at the latest outpatient follow‐up. Patients discharged the same day after LVR were compared with those who stayed overnight or longer.ResultsIndications included rectocele and internal prolapse (47%), full‐thickness rectal prolapse (44%) and other (9%). Mean operative time was 97 min, same‐day discharge occurred with 23% (n = 27) and 67% (n = 80) were discharged on postoperative day 1. In terms of complications, 89% had none, 8% minor and 3% major, including one 24‐h readmission for pain. Logistic regression identified younger age (P = 0.054) and private insurance status (P < 0.001) as being significantly associated with same‐day discharge. Although surgical indication (P < 0.001), no prior hysterectomy (P = 0.012) and use of biological mesh (P = 0.012) had significant association they were probably confounded by age.ConclusionIn selected patients with rectal prolapse or obstructed defaecation, same‐day discharge after LVR is feasible and safe. Our analysis identified quicker discharge in the private system with younger patients. Nevertheless, in unselected patients 90% were discharged by the first operative day.
Decrease of postprandial endothelial dysfunction by spice mix added to high‐fat hamburger meat in men with Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Li Z. , Henning S. M. , Zhang Y. , Rahnama N. , Zerlin A. , Thames G. , Tseng C. H. , Heber D. 
Published: January 2013

AbstractAimsConsumption of a high‐fat diet has been demonstrated to promote endothelial dysfunction, possibly through an increase in lipid peroxidation and decrease in serum nitric oxide. The present study was designed to investigate whether consumption of a hamburger cooked with a polyphenol‐rich spice mixture will reduce postprandial lipid oxidation and endothelial dysfunction in men with Type 2 diabetes.MethodsTwenty‐two subjects consumed burgers cooked with salt only (control burger) or with salt and spice mix (spice burger) in randomized order. The postprandial concentration of urinary malondialdehyde and nitrate/nitrite as well as the peripheral arterial tonometry score were determined.ResultsEighteen subjects completed the study. Postprandial serum glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations were similar in all subjects after control burger or spice burger consumption. Urine malondialdehyde excretion in mmol/g creatinine was reduced by 31% (P < 0.001) after consuming the spice burger compared with the control burger. Two hours after consumption of the burgers, the peripheral arterial tonometry score was significantly different between control burger consumption (−9.7 ± 21.5%) and spice burger consumption (+18.0 ± 42.4%) (P = 0.025). Mean urinary nitrate/nitrite concentrations in urine collected during the 6 h after consumption of the control burger was 9.09 ± 5.7 mmol/g creatinine, but 12.37 ± 7.00 mmol/g creatinine after the spice burger (P = 0.053).ConclusionAdding a spice mix to hamburger meat prior to cooking resulted in a reduction in urinary malondialdehyde, an increase in urinary nitrate/nitrite and improvement of postprandial endothelial dysfunction in men with Type 2 diabetes. Therefore, cooking a hamburger with a polyphenol‐rich spice mixture may lead to potential cardiovascular benefits in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Tissue Doppler–Derived Contractile Reserve Is a Simple and Strong Predictor of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Performance across a Range of Cardiac Diseases
Authors: McIntosh Robert A. , Silberbauer John , Veasey Rick A. , Raju Prashanth , Baumann Oliver , Kelly Sarah , Beale Louisa , Brickley Gary , Sulke Neil , Lloyd Guy W. 
Published: January 2013

BackgroundResting echocardiographic measures of cardiac function such as left ventricular ejection fraction correlate poorly with exercise capacity. Assessment during exercise using measures less dependent on hemodynamic loading conditions, such as tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), may more accurately characterize the relationship between cardiac function and exercise capacity.Methods and ResultsOne hundred one subjects with various cardiac diagnoses underwent exercise stress echocardiography with simultaneous cardiopulmonary gas exchange analysis. Standard two‐dimensional, Doppler and spectral TDI parameters were assessed at both rest and peak exercise. Across all subjects the strongest relationship with peak oxygen uptake (pVO2) was with peak left ventricular systolic tissue velocity (S′) during exercise (r = 0.84, P < 0.001). The strength of the relationship was greater than that observed with any other common echocardiographic measure of systolic or diastolic cardiac function.ConclusionThere is a very strong relationship between measurements of S′ during exercise and exercise capacity. The previously observed poor correlation with standard measures of systolic and diastolic cardiac function may be explained both by the load dependence of parameters such as ejection fraction and by reliance on resting as opposed to exercise assessment.