bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional role of a polymorphism in the Pannexin1 gene in collageninduced platelet aggregation
Authors: Molica Filippo , Denis Jean-François , Bradfield Paul , Penuela Silvia , Zufferey Anne , Monyer Hannah , Imhof Beat , Chanson Marc , Laird Dale , Morel Sandrine , Meens Merlijn , Fontana Pierre , Kwak Brenda 
Published: May 2015

SummaryPannexin1 (Panx1) forms ATP channels that play a critical role in the immune response by reinforcing purinergic signal amplification in the immune synapse. Platelets express Panx1 and given the importance of ATP release in platelets, we investigated Panx1 function in platelet aggregation and the potential impact of genetic polymorphisms on Panx1 channels. We show here that Panx1 forms ATP release channels in human platelets and that inhibiting Panx1 channel function with probenecid, mefloquine or specific 10Panx1 peptides reduces collagen-induced platelet aggregation but not the response induced by arachidonic acid or ADP. These results were confirmed using Panx1-/-
platelets. Natural variations have been described in the human Panx1 gene, which are predicted to induce non-conservative amino acid substitutions in its coding sequence. Healthy subjects homozygous for Panx1–400C, display enhanced platelet reactivity in response to collagen compared with those bearing the Panx1–400A allele. Conversely, the frequency of Panx1–400C homozygotes was increased among cardiovascular patients with hyper-reactive platelets compared with patients with hypo-reactive platelets. Exogenous expression of polymorphic Panx1 channels in a Panx-deficient cell line revealed increased basal and stimulated ATP release from cells transfected with Panx1–400C channels compared with Panx1–400A expressing transfectants. In conclusion, we demonstrate a specific role for Panx1 channels in the signalling pathway leading to collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Our study further identifies for the first time an association between a Panx1–400A>C genetic polymorphism and collagen-induced platelet reactivity. The Panx1–400C variant encodes for a gain-of-function channel that may adversely affect atherothrombosis by specifically enhancing collagen-induced ATP release and platelet aggregation.
Post-operative arterial thrombosis with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants after total hip or knee arthroplasty
Authors: Lussana Federico , Cattaneo Marco , Squizzato Alessandro 
Published: May 2015

SummaryThe incidence of post-operative arterial thrombosis (AT) (acute myocardial infarction [AMI] and ischaemic stroke) is increased in patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR). We compared the incidence of post-operative AT in non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs)-treated and enoxaparintreated patients, performing a systematic review of phase III randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in THR and TKR. Studies were identified by electronic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE database until July 2014. Differences between NOACs and enoxaparin groups in the efficacy and safety outcomes were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with pertinent 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI). Statistical heterogeneity was assessed with the I2 statistic. Eleven phase III RCTs for a total of 31,319 patients were included. Patients underwent TKR in six studies and THR in five studies. The NOACs under study were dabigatran (four studies), apixaban (three studies) and rivaroxaban (four studies). AT occurred in 0.23 % of patients on NOACs and in 0.27 % of patients on enoxaparin: the OR at fixed-effect model was 0.86 (95 % CI 0.53–1.40; I2 11 %). No differences in AT incidence among the three NOACs were observed. The incidence of major and clinically relevant bleeding was similar in NOACs and enoxaparin groups (OR 1.03, 95 % CI 0.92–1.15; I2 38 %). In conclusion, in RCTs of pharmacological VTE prophylaxis in patients undergoing THR or TKR, there was no difference in the incidence of post-operative AT among patients treated with NOACs, compared to those treated with enoxaparin.Note: An abstract of this paper has been accepted as oral presentation at the XXIII Congress of SISET, Italian Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 6–9 November 2014, Milan (Italy).
The Impact of Politics on the Minnan Buddhist Institute: sanmin zhuyi and aiguo zhuyi in the Context of Sangha Education
Authors: Travagnin Stefania 
Published: May 2015

政治对闽南佛学院的影响：僧伽教育中的三民主义与爱国主义
摘要
本文分析二十世纪中国政治对僧伽教育的影响。我的研究对象是闽南佛学院，主要关注其历史上三个重要时期，即 1927 年到 1933 年的成立期、1985的重建期、以及 1997 年以来的新时期。本文着重分析政治意识形态，即三民主义与爱国主义，是如何影响佛学院课程的。最后，本文以闽南佛学院作为两岸交流的案例，通过分析两岸佛教共享的价值观念，来刻画不同政治环境下成长起来的佛教教育之间的交流。
Religion, Politics, Science and Bureaucracy: An Australian Science Curriculum?
Authors: O'Toole John Mitchell 
Published: May 2015

This paper was written as the Australian Science Curriculum settled into use in smaller Australian states, was being interpreted in different ways by statutory curriculum authorities in the larger ones and was forming the basis of adaptations of existing state-based resources by educational publishers. The paper takes the role of science educators of Christian commitment as its starting point. Such people operate at both secondary and tertiary levels and all face the challenges implicit in teaching a subject that is popularly supposed to conflict with their faith. What do the churning flows of influence, authority and power that characterise the contemporary Australian educational scene mean for such people? The article considers the constitutional framework within which this churn occurs and the impact that nominally Christian institutions have had on its interpretation. How did we come to this? It considers the tensions that characterise the present situation. What constraints are being applied and how much room will we have to move? The paper considers the possibilities those tensions open up. How may we best be true to the gospel we profess and the families we serve?
Free Flap Reconstruction Experience and Outcomes at a Low‐Volume Institution over 20 Years
Authors: Klosterman Tristan , Siu Eric , Tatum Sherard 
Published: May 2015

ObjectiveAssess the efficacy of free flap reconstruction performed at a low‐volume program and evaluate how volume and outcomes have changed over 20 years.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary academic medical center.Subjects and MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed at a tertiary care academic program on all free tissue flaps from the primary reconstructive surgeon over 20 years (1993‐2013). In total, 136 procedures were obtained from operative notes, billing codes, and chart databases. Outcome variables included procedure success and complications. Patients stayed in general intensive care unit and hospital floor units.ResultsFlap success was 92.6% of all cases. In the past 13 years, 70 flaps were performed with 3 failures (96% success rate). Take‐back rate was 16% of total cases with a flap recovery rate of 60%. Postoperative failure occurred after 72 hours in 60% of cases. Nearly 60% of patients experienced a complication of any type or severity. Twenty percent had a flap complication while maintaining viability, with half of these being partial dehiscence. Systemic complications affected 20% of all cases. The average hospital stay for noncomplicated patients was 13 days. There was 1 postoperative mortality. Fibula and radial forearm were the most common flaps at 44% and 26%, respectively.ConclusionFree flap reconstruction of the head and neck can be performed by appropriately skilled surgeons with acceptable outcomes in low‐volume settings. Success rate appears to increase as clinical experience is gained.
Cerebral oxygen saturation during pulsatile and non-pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with carotid stenosis
Authors: Tovedal T , Thelin S , Lennmyr F 
Published: May 2015

Pulsatile and non-pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) flows may have different impact on cerebral oxygen saturation in patients with restricted cerebral arterial blood supply. Twenty patients, ten diagnosed with carotid stenosis (CS, n = 10) and ten without known carotid disease (Controls, n = 10), were subjected to one period of pulsatile and one period of non-pulsatile flow (6-8 min each) during CPB at 32°C. Cerebral oxygen saturation was registered by near-infrared light spectroscopy (NIRS). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was significantly lowered by pulsatile CPB flow. The NIRS tissue oxygenation index (TOI) tended to decrease in the CS group and increase in the Controls during pulsatile flow compared with non-pulsatile; however, the changes were not statistically significant. No significant correlations were seen between the changes in MAP and TOI across the observation periods. In conclusion, pulsatile CPB flow caused slightly decreased mean arterial pressure while the effect on cerebral oxygenation was unclear. Pulsatile flow was not found superior to non-pulsatile flow in patients with or without carotid stenosis.
Exploring emerging occupational therapy identity and the development of graduate attributes among occupational therapy students
Authors: Boehm Jackie , Tanner Bronwyn , Lowrie Daniel , Bonassi Marianne , Brown Nicole , Thomas Yvonne , Cordier Reinie 
Published: May 2015

Introduction Strong professional identity allows for appropriate representation and promotion of occupational therapy. Academic education assists in the development of occupational therapy identity. This study aims to explore the development of occupational therapy identity and graduate attributes in occupational therapy students after the first year of a revised curriculum. Method Occupational therapy students ( n = 58) were surveyed at the commencement of the second year. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (χ2 for trend). Results A total of 54 students (93.1%) completed the survey. Students progressively developed occupational therapy identity over time. There were no significant associations between main factors influencing the original decision to study occupational therapy and when occupational therapy identity developed. However, there were significant associations between main factors influencing students' decision to continue studying and when identity developed. Most students agreed the curriculum equipped them to develop graduate attributes, although this was not significantly associated with factors that either influenced students to study, or continue studying, occupational therapy. There was significant association between development of graduate attributes and occupational therapy identity over time. Conclusion This study showed an emergence of occupational therapy identity and graduate attributes in students, demonstrating the importance of first year curriculum in the development of these factors.
Multiple sclerosis patient-derived CSF induces transcriptional changes in proliferating oligodendrocyte progenitors
Authors: Haines Jeffery D , Vidaurre Oscar G , Zhang Fan , Riffo-Campos Ángela L , Castillo Josefa , Casanova Bonaventura , Casaccia Patrizia , Lopez-Rodas Gerardo 
Published: May 2015

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is in contact with brain parenchyma and ventricles, and its composition might influence the cellular physiology of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) thereby contributing to multiple sclerosis (MS) disease pathogenesis. Objective: To identify the transcriptional changes that distinguish the transcriptional response induced in proliferating rat OPCs upon exposure to CSF from primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) or relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and other neurological controls. Methods: We performed gene microarray analysis of OPCs exposed to CSF from neurological controls, or definitive RRMS or PPMS disease course. Results were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, immunocytochemistry and western blot of cultured cells, and validated in human brain specimens. Results: We identified common and unique oligodendrocyte genes for each treatment group. Exposure to CSF from PPMS uniquely induced branching of cultured progenitors and related transcriptional changes, including upregulation ( P<0.05) of the adhesion molecule GALECTIN-3/ Lgals3, which was also detected at the protein level in brain specimens from PPMS patients. This pattern of gene expression was distinct from the transcriptional programme of oligodendrocyte differentiation during development. Conclusions: Despite evidence of morphological differentiation induced by exposure to CSF of PPMS patients, the overall transcriptional response elicited in cultured OPCs was consistent with the activation of an aberrant transcriptional programme.
Readiness for Discarding? — An Examination of the Researches of Ronald Goldman concerning Children's Religious Thinking
Authors: Ashton Elizabeth 
Published: May 2015

THIS ARTICLE EXAMINES the assumptions underlying the influential researches of Ronald Goldman into the religious thinking of childhood. The Piagetian base against which Goldman's theories were developed is analysed before a full investigation is made of Goldman's researches, his methodology, notions of childhood and confusions concerning what children appeared to know and what they had the potential to understand. The article concludes with an examination of Goldman's own ideas of religion and its language-use. It is concluded that his work, like that of Piaget, is essentially romantic, although disguised in empirical methodology. It is argued that the content of Religious Education in primary schools ought to be reviewed as a matter of urgency since the work of Goldman has contributed to a serious underestimation of pupils' potential for understanding scriptural narrative.
A case of tuberculous endophthalmitis successfully treated with vitrectomy followed by antituberculous agents
Authors: Hase Keitaro , Namba Kenichi , Saito Wataru , Ohno Shigeaki , Ishida Susumu 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Background
Tuberculous endophthalmitis is very rare with only 18 reports published worldwide and only a few cases in Japan. We report a case of tuberculous endophthalmitis successfully treated with vitrectomy followed by antituberculous agents.

Findings
An 81-year-old man was referred to us due to the exacerbation of vitreous opacity on his left eye(OS) after he had received the corticosteroid therapy. His best corrected visual acuity was light perception OS, and he had severe intraocular inflammation with fibrin formation in the anterior chamber and dense vitreous opacity. A chest CT showed miliary nodules indicating miliary tuberculosis, and pars plana vitrectomy was performed. Intraoperative observation showed that the vitreous cavity was filled by fibrin, and large elevated subretinal yellow-white lesions were present at the mid-periphery. The patient immediately received triple antituberculous agents orally, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected in vitreous fluids. The intraocular inflammation gradually decreased, and the subretinal mass regressed within 2 weeks.

Conclusions
We encountered a case of tuberculous endophthalmitis successfully treated with vitrectomy followed by antituberculous agents. If endophthalmitis is suspected in a patient with systemic tuberculosis infection, prompt vitrectomy along with the administration of antituberculous agents may be necessary.
Lost Labor and Love: Adultery in Early Twentieth-Century Guatemala
Authors: Carey David 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn a postcolonial nation convinced that familial peace was a cornerstone to an orderly society, women who committed adultery effectively cuckolded national leaders as well as their husbands. That men risked their reputations by admitting to their wives' extramarital affairs in court suggests that much was at stake in female dalliances. Plaintiffs' pardons and judges' reluctance to rule demonstrate women's crucial contributions to households via income and labor. Since men's infidelity threatened their families' daily survival, women who initiated adultery litigation generally did so in response to husbands' financial neglect. More than emotion or honor, economic concerns shaped marital relations and the repercussions of infidelity among the poor and working classes. Understanding the extent to which adulterers and scorned spouses influenced gender relations, moral economies, and nation building during the reign of dictator Manuel Estrada Cabrera sheds light on women's plight and contributions in modern Guatemala and on the entwinement of gender, sexuality, family, politics, and economics.
“Moving Centers”: Climate Change, Critical Method, and the Historical Novel
Authors: Baucom Ian 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
Humanities scholars have given renewed attention to capitalism’s externalizations on our environment. The Anthropocene is a speculative epochal shift proposed by geologists to mark the accumulated effect of human industry on Earth’s future. The Anthropocene adds a layer of geological time to human history, challenging traditional theories of historical change. Drawing on this notion, Dipesh Chakrabarty outlines three theories of history. History 1 and 2 refer to liberalism and its postcolonial and postmodern critique, respectively. History 3, or post-Anthropocene history, marks the horizon of historical consciousness. This article proposes “History 4°” to synthesize History 1–3 into a new totality in which the historical present is defined as internal to an imminent catastrophe. History 4° poses a challenge to the historical novel: somehow it must reveal the intimate causal linkages between human and nonhuman across time, while remaining within the bounds of literary realism. David Mitchell’s Cloud Atlas is read as a contemporary historical novel adequate to this task. The character Sonmi-451’s encounter with a natural landscape ravaged by human industry encapsulates the increasing indistinction between human and nonhuman worlds. The novel’s structure rejects linearity as its protagonists are linked to one another and themselves over all of human history.
Promoting self-management through adherence among heart failure patients discharged from rural hospitals: a study protocol
Authors: Young Lufei , Barnason Sue , Do Van 
Published: May 2015

Background Heart failure is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions in adults, leading to prolonged morbidity, repeated hospitalizations, and placing tremendous economic burden on the healthcare system. Heart failure patients discharged from rural hospitals, or primarily critical access hospitals, have higher 30-day readmission and mortality rates compared to patients discharged from urban hospitals. Self-management improves heart failure patients’ health outcomes and reduces re-hospitalizations, but adherence to self-management guidelines is low. We propose a home based post-acute care service managed by advanced practice nurses to enhance patient activation and lead to the improvement of self-management adherence in heart failure patients discharged from rural hospitals.Objective This article describes the study design and research methods used to implement and evaluate the intervention.Method Our intervention is a 12-week patient activation (Patient AcTivated Care at Home [PATCH]) to improve self-management adherence. Patients were randomized into two parallel groups (12-week PATCH intervention + usual care vs. usual care only) to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention. Outcomes were measured at baseline, 3 and 6 months.DiscussionThis study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a rural theory based, advance practice nurse led, activation enhancing intervention on the self-management adherence in heart failure patients residing in rural areas. Our expectation is to facilitate adherence to self-management behaviors in heart failure patients following discharge from rural hospitals and decrease complications and hospital readmissions, leading to the reduction of economic burden. Clinical Trial Registration Information: ClinicalTrials.gov; https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/ NCT01964053
Strategic Planning in Municipal Entities Based on Socio-Cultural Potential
Authors: Верховская  , Verkhovskaya Elena 
Published: May 2015

The current socio-economic situation at hand in the municipal entities, has
intensified their mutual competition for resources, required for successful
development of territories, of which these entities are in charge for. The paper
reveals the core of one of the approaches, relevant for resolving the said
problem. The author presents practical experience of applying socio-cultural
approach, which is based upon humanitarian resources of a territory, when
a municipal entity carries on strategic planning in order to elaborate programs
of socio-cultural development of municipal territory under its authority. Several
cases of successful implementation of the said approach by municipal entities
of the Tula Region are provided. Also, the paper provides overview of innovations
and guidelines in the sphere of strategic planning, stipulated by provisions of the
enacted Federal Law of the Russian Federation as of 28.06.2014 № 172-FZ
“On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation”.
Cost-Effectiveness of Methodologies to Develop Software for IT-Projects (As Exemplified by the “Waterfall” and the “Agile Development” Methodologies)
Authors: Иванов  , Ivanov A. , Иванова  , Ivanova O. 
Published: May 2015

The paper considers issues related to the choice of more cost-effective
methodologies of developing software needed for implementation of ITprojects.
Also described are the most conventional methodologies of IT-projects
development, along with their main features, specifics and terms of use.
Factors, allowing to opt for the “waterfall” software development methodology
or for the agile development methodology are identified.
Developing the role of the healthcare support worker in sexual health
Authors: Donnelly Caroline , McDermott Carolyn 
Published: May 2015

The role of healthcare support workers (HCSWs) in sexual health is as invaluable tools of the trade in providing and developing flexible, client-focused frontline services ( Meek et al, 2014 ). Long client waits within a central Glasgow clinic setting have emphasised the need for change and provided a platform for extending the options available for clients. This article highlights the extended roles of HCSWs in provision of client-centred care within integrated sexual and reproductive health services in Glasgow. This service provision is underpinned by a defined protocol, incorporating inclusion criteria for asymptomatic screening, which allows a low-risk, self-selection process for the client, deeming them eligible to be seen within a test-only clinic (TOC).
Effects of back and respiratory muscle exercises on posture and respiratory function in elderly patients with osteoporosis
Authors: Dajah Salameh Al , Muthusamy Hariraj 
Published: May 2015

Aims: To examine the impact of respiratory and thoracic muscle strengthening exercises on kyphosis, chest expansion, dyspnoea and peak expiratory flow rate in elderly people with osteoporosis. Methods: Twenty elderly patients with mild osteoporosis-related kyphosis and respiratory impairment participated in this study. Participants undertook breathing and thoracic extension exercises three times a week for 6 weeks, in which they performed 40 minutes of resistive diaphragmatic exercise with 50% of their one repetition maximum (1RM). Results: Participants in this study demonstrated improvements in: i) dyspnoea, with a reduction in mean score of 8 to 5 on a 10-point dyspnoea grading scale; ii) chest expansion, with a mean increase of 2.01 inches (95% CI 1.59–2.42); iii) peak expiratory flow rate, with a mean increase of 82.50 litre/minute (95% CI 67.25–97.75); iv) range of motion of the spine, with a mean increase of 1.66 inches (95% CI 1.39–1.93). Conclusions: A combination of breathing and thoracic muscle strengthening exercises improves respiratory function and dyspnoea relief. Thus, strengthening exercise programmes should be a part of the rehabilitation protocol for improving the respiratory function of elderly patients with osteoporosis.