bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of combinations of 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and its esters on the oxidative stability of fish oil–containing trace water
Authors: Arunachalam Selva Sudha , Chandrasekar Vaisali , Belur Prasanna D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe current study aims to comprehend the effect of the various combinations of 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (3,4‐DHPA) and its esters in varying molar ratios on retarding oxidation in bulk refined fish oil in the presence of 0.3% w/w water. All the esters and 3,4‐DHPA exhibited better performance than the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene. In the presence of trace water, the parent compound was found to have a synergistic effect with hexyl ester when used at a molar ratio of 2:1, respectively, exhibiting a higher percent reduction among all the esters and their combinations. The study also showed that the presence of extraneous water can significantly accelerate the oxidation (twofold) in a bulk fish oil system. This suggests that the microenvironment of the oil is altered when water is present and that association colloids play a key role in enhancing the rate of oxidation. Thus, while designing a competent mixture of antioxidants, the specific site of oxidation involved and the surface‐active components should be taken into consideration to efficiently retard oxidation.Practical Applications: Analyzing the impact of trace amounts of water on the efficiency of natural antioxidants, including 3,4‐DHPA and its lipophilic esters, helps to comprehend the required optimal antioxidant concentrations for such a dynamic bulk oil system. The study finds application in controlling oxidation in PUFA‐rich oils containing surface‐active minor components that can accelerate oxidation. The results of the study show that 3,4‐DHPA and its esters could be a potential replacement for the synthetic antioxidant BHT in all aspects.
Segmenting hydrogen‐induced cracking defects in steel through scanning acoustic microscopy and deep neural networks
Authors: Vu Thi Thu Ha , Vo Tan Hung , Tran Le Hai , Choi Jaeyeop , Vo Truong Tien , Ly Cao Duong , Nguyen Thanh Phuoc , Mondal Sudip , Oh Junghwan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHydrogen‐induced cracking (HIC) presents a significant concern in industries, such as oil and gas, petrochemicals, and aerospace, where high‐strength steel is prevalently used. This phenomenon compromises the structural integrity of steel pipelines and equipment. Accurate detection and monitoring of HIC are crucial for the safety and reliability of these assets. While traditional defect detection methods are usually costly and easily affected by human physiological state, deep learning approaches offer both time and financial benefits along with high accuracy. This study focuses on employing deep learning to segment HIC in steel, utilizing the robust and state‐of‐the‐art YOLOv8‐seg architecture for defect identification and segmentation. The process involves acquiring two‐dimensional B‐scan images through a scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) system, followed by employing the YOLOv8‐seg architecture to address the segmentation task within these images. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the YOLOv8‐seg model, achieving a mean average precision (mAP) score greater than ˜0.95. Notably, this research pioneers the development of a framework for reconstructing HIC within steel based on B‐scan image segmentation results, offering researchers and professionals a comprehensive understanding of internal defects in steel blocks. This work underscores the potential of YOLOv8‐seg architecture for accurate detection and segmentation of HIC in steel, providing a valuable tool for inspection and maintenance activities.
Experimental investigation of the effects of photovoltaic panels on efficiency cooling with nanofluids using both in‐pipe flow and fin
Authors: Ziyadanogullari Nese B. , Ozdemir Yunus 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTemperature increases in photovoltaic (PV) panels are one of the primary issues preventing PV systems from being used extensively. When a photovoltaic module overheats, its output power performance drops by 0.4%–0.5% for every degree Celsius above its rated temperature. Lowering the operating temperature of the PV surface using a cooling medium is an efficient technique to increase electrical performance and decrease the rate of thermal degradation of a PV module. To prevent this performance loss, researchers have worked on cooling photovoltaic panels with fluids such as air, water, and nanofluids. In this study, the effects of cooling on photovoltaic panels with water and nanofluid were investigated. The experiment was carried out by fixing the pipe and fins to the back surface of the panel. Al2O3‐water and TiO2‐water nanofluids were used as working fluid due to their cost effectiveness. Nanofluids prepared in three different volumetric fractions (0.01%, 0.1%, and 1%), the current and voltage values obtained from the panels were recorded, and the panel efficiency was calculated. The experimental results showed that the cooling increased the panel voltage and decreased the current. The results indicated that using TiO2 nanofluid was more effective than Al2O3 nanofluid in terms of electrical efficiency. It was also found that the fluids prepared as 0.01% and 1% gave the most efficient results. It has been observed that it is possible to increase the panel efficiency by 8.32% by cooling the panel.
Research on coal wall failure and stability control technology of large coal seams with a soft and thick seam
Authors: Guo Weibin , Wang Gang , Li Yuhui , Chen Dengfeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo address the issues of coal rib instability and high occurrence of roof falls in high extraction height fully mechanized coal mining of soft coal seams, this study comprehensively employs theoretical analysis, numerical calculations, and field industrial experiments. By analyzing the distribution characteristics of coal rib displacement and deformation instability zones under different mechanical parameters of soft coal seams, the instability mechanism of coal ribs in high extraction height mining of thick and soft coal seams is revealed, and corresponding stability control techniques for high extraction height coal ribs and supports are developed. The study shows that the stability of coal ribs in high extraction height mining fields of soft and thick coal seams decreases as the values of mechanical parameters decrease. In other words, the smaller the cohesion and deformation parameters of the coal body, the more prone the coal rib is to roof falls. By utilizing advanced deep‐hole static water infusion technology, the frequency of roof falls in extremely soft high extraction height working faces is reduced by 80%, the average depth of roof falls is decreased by 35%, and the average length of roof falls is reduced by 50%. The stability of the coal ribs is effectively improved.
Emerging advances in CO2 storativity and trappability within shale reservoirs
Authors: Hameli Fatima Al , Belhaj Hadi , AlDhuhoori Mohammed , Aljaberi Faisal 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGeological carbon storage and utilization is widely regarded as the most realistic method of reducing carbon emissions throughout the energy transition era. In recent times, the implementation of carbon dioxide (CO2) injection has emerged as a potential method for increasing the recovery of hydrocarbon and facilitating the interaction of CO2 in shale reservoirs. This methodology enables the mitigation of total carbon emissions released into the earth's atmosphere. The concept of using CO2 geological sequestration in unconventional shale formations seems to be a prudent approach in responding to both the growing energy demand and mandating environmental requirements simultaneously. Shale reservoirs have received significant interest in the global context because to their substantial reserves and widespread distribution. This research offers a comprehensive analysis of the essential components involved in the sequestration of CO2 in shales, therefore improving the trapping and long‐term storage of CO2. In addition, it explores the extraction of hydrocarbons in this context. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental factors that contribute to the storativity and trappability of CO2 is crucial for improving the displacement of methane gas (CH4) during shale gas recovery. This is particularly relevant in depleted the reservoirs of shale gas, where the aim is to enhance the effectiveness of in situ CO2 sequestration while reducing the leakage risk.
High Pressure Extraction as a Green Alternative to the Conventional Sunflower Oil (Helianthus annuus) Production Process – Extraction with Pressurized Ethanol in an Intermittent Process and with Supercritical Fluid
Authors: Vicentini‐Polette Carolina Medeiros , Yamada Beatriz Satie , Ramos Paulo Rodolfo , da Silva Marta Gomes , Oliveira Alessandra Lopes de 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research explores green‐technology alternatives to extract vegetable oils as alternatives to hexane, a non‐renewable solvent, focussing on sunflower oil. It compares pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) with ethanol and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with CO2. Both processes aim to maximize oil yield, tocopherol content (α, β, γ, and δ), fatty acid profile (FA), and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition. Results show that SFE at 32 MPa achieves an 87.58% oil recovery, while PLE at 84 °C achieves 93.93%. PLE with ethanol extracts polar minority compounds along with the oil due to its higher temperature, favoring extraction. The total tocopherol content is 91.17 mg/100 g of oil in optimized SFE conditions, with α‐tocopherol extraction influenced by temperature, γ and δ‐tocopherol by pressure. PLE yields 83.16 mg/100 g of oil in tocopherols influenced less by process variables. The fatty acid (FA) profile do not vary in the oils obtained from different processes or based on the variables within each process, with linoleic and oleic acids being the most abundant. Similarly, triacylglycerols (TAGs) C54:5 and C54:6 are predominant. The optimization of SFE and PLE processes indicates a strong potential for using green solvents in the extraction of tocopherol‐rich sunflower oil.
The sexual and reproductive health knowledge of women in Australia: A scoping review
Authors: Williams Natalie , Griffin Georgia , Wall Megan , Bradfield Zoe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedSexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge influences health literacy and promotes positive health behaviours. This scoping review explores the SRH knowledge of women in Australia and reports on knowledge assessment, ways of learning, enablers and barriers, and interventions to improve knowledge.MethodsSeven databases were searched for eligible articles published in English between 2012 and 2022.ResultsEighty‐five sources were included for analysis. Data were mapped by knowledge topic and population group and charted against four review objectives. Assessment of knowledge was the primary focus in 59% of sources. Two sources used a validated knowledge assessment tool. Knowledge was assessed using self‐assessment, a measurement of correctness, or both. Women learnt about SRH through a range of sources, including healthcare providers, peers, family, internet, and school. Enablers and barriers spanned information content, delivery, timing, accessibility, interactions with those providing information, cultural and gendered norms, pre‐migration experiences, and functional health literacy. Nine sources reported on interventions to facilitate SRH knowledge.ConclusionsThis review identified topics, population groups, and gaps in assessment of SRH knowledge of women in Australia. Overall, the measurement of women's SRH knowledge is largely conducted using unvalidated tools focusing on specific topics.So What?It is recommended a validated tool be developed to comprehensively assess the SRH knowledge of women in Australia allowing for intersectional population analysis and exploration of knowledge conceptualisation. This would enable assessment of interventions aiming to improve SRH knowledge thereby facilitating improved health literacy and outcomes.
Retail assortment under demand shocks: Evidence from the US yogurt market
Authors: Ma Meilin , Qin Fei , Lusk Jayson L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDespite extensive research on retailers' price responses to demand shocks, much less is known about their non‐price responses. Using heterogeneity in timing, location, and magnitude of income and wealth shocks associated with the 2008 Great Recession, we explore how US retail stores adjusted product offerings under local demand shocks. We find that stores offer fewer products and varieties besides lowering prices. Using a structural demand model, we quantify the net welfare impact of the price and assortment adjustments. On average, the consumer welfare losses from variety reduction more than offset the welfare gains from price reductions.
90‐day oral toxicity study in rats of a protein‐rich powder derived fromXanthobactersp. SoF1
Authors: Choi Bean , Glávits Róbert , Murbach Timothy S. , Endres John R. , Hirka Gábor , Szakonyiné Ilona Pasics 
Published: August 2024

AbstractXanthobactersp. SoF1 (SoF1) is an autotrophic hydrogen‐oxidizing bacteria that produces protein‐rich biomass and has potential to be an alternative protein source that is more environmentally sustainable than animal and plant derived proteins. A protein‐rich powder derived from SoF1 was the test material in a 90‐day repeated‐dose oral toxicity study to explore major toxic effects, demonstrate target organs, and provide an estimate of a no‐observed‐adverse‐effect level (NOAEL). Daily doses of 0 (vehicle only), 375, 750, and 1500 mg/kg bw/day of the test material were administered by gavage to 10 Han:WIST rats/sex/group. An additional group was administered 1290 mg/kg bw/day whey protein concentrate as positive control. No treatment‐related adverse effects were observed, and no target organs were determined after 90/91 days of consecutive administration of the test item. A NOAEL of 1500 mg/kg bw/day was determined.
Enlightening the shadow dimensions of part‐time entrepreneurship: Navigating fear of failure and enhancing social status
Authors: Santos Emili C. , Galvão Anderson R. , Marques Carla S. , Mendes Telma 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPart‐time entrepreneurs—individuals acting simultaneously as entrepreneurs and employees—are often considered to be in a transitional stage towards becoming full‐time entrepreneurs. However, they can also exit a venture or remain hybrid entrepreneurs. Based on this evidence, we explore the influence of social norms (social status and shame of failing), the desire to create a company, entrepreneurial motivation, the need for achievement, risk propensity, and indirect shame on the entrepreneurial intention of part‐time entrepreneurs. A questionnaire was administered to 304 part‐time entrepreneurs residing in Brazil. The results of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) have shown that social status and entrepreneurial motivation positively influence the entrepreneurial intention of hybrid entrepreneurs, while the shame of failing has a negative effect on this dimension. We also found that the desire to create a company has a positive impact on entrepreneurial intention but negatively moderates the relationship between social status and entrepreneurial intention, that is, the direct relationship becomes weaker as the desire to create a company increases. Accordingly, this study provides evidence on the main drivers of entrepreneurial intention by focusing on the specific case of part‐time entrepreneurs. The uniqueness of this study, therefore, lies in its valuable contribution to empirical knowledge about hybrid entrepreneurship, a category often underestimated in research dedicated to the field of entrepreneurship.
Flexible support material maintains disc height and supports the formation of hydrated tissue engineered intervertebral discs in vivo
Authors: Fidai Alikhan B. , Kim Byumsu , Lintz Marianne , Kirnaz Sertac , Gadjradj Pravesh , Boadi Blake I. , Koga Maho , Hussain Ibrahim , Härtl Roger , Bonassar Lawrence J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundMechanical augmentation upon implantation is essential for the long‐term success of tissue‐engineered intervertebral discs (TE‐IVDs). Previous studies utilized stiffer materials to fabricate TE‐IVD support structures. However, these materials undergo various failure modes in the mechanically challenging IVD microenvironment. FlexiFil (FPLA) is an elastomeric 3D printing filament that is amenable to the fabrication of support structures. However, no present study has evaluated the efficacy of a flexible support material to preserve disc height and support the formation of hydrated tissues in a large animal model.MethodsWe leveraged results from our previously developed FE model of the minipig spine to design and test TE‐IVD support cages comprised of FPLA and PLA. Specifically, we performed indentation to assess implant mechanical response and scanning electron microscopy to visualize microscale damage. We then implanted FPLA and PLA support cages for 6 weeks in the minipig cervical spine and monitored disc height via weekly x‐rays. TE‐IVDs cultured in FPLA were also implanted for 6 weeks with weekly x‐rays and terminal T2 MRIs to quantify tissue hydration at study endpoint.ResultsResults demonstrated that FPLA cages withstood nearly twice the deformation of PLA without detrimental changes in mechanical performance and minimal damage. In vivo, FPLA cages and stably implanted TE‐IVDs restored native disc height and supported the formation of hydrated tissues in the minipig spine. Displaced TE‐IVDs yielded disc heights that were superior to PLA or discectomy‐treated levels.ConclusionsFPLA holds great promise as a flexible and bioresorbable material for enhancing the long‐term success of TE‐IVD implants.
Chitosan/Silica Hybrid Nanogels by Inverse Nanoemulsion for Encapsulating Hydrophilic Substances
Authors: Elzayat Asmaa M. , Landfester Katharina , Muñoz‐Espí Rafael 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA strategy for the preparation of a hybrid chitosan/silica nanohydrogel is reported, which combines the gelation of chitosan in a nanoemulsion system with a sol–gel process to produce silica. Chitosan is used as a biopolymer matrix, while silica acts as a structuring additive. Hydrogel nanocapsules are obtained through the ionic interaction of the cationic groups of chitosan with the anionic groups of sodium triphosphate (STP), which is used as a physical cross‐linker. Two alternative preparation methods are compared in this work: in the first one, STP is added to the continuous phase of an inverse emulsion of chitosan; in the second one, the fusion of droplets of two emulsions containing separate chitosan and STP takes place. The size of the obtained nanocapsules ranges from 50 to 200 nm. The efficiency of the formed hydrogel for entrapping a hydrophilic model substance (erioglaucine disodium salt) is investigated for the two systems by studying the release in a neutral aqueous medium. The results indicate that the hydrophilic cargo is efficiently encapsulated by both preparation methods, although the droplet‐fusion method yields more stable suspensions. As a general observation, the release behavior of erioglaucine is systematically retarded when silica is present in the systems.
Role of Annealing with Electric Field Toward Improvement of Ferroelectric and Electroactive Properties of PVDF Copolymer and Terpolymer Thin Films
Authors: Roy Dhrubojyoti , Chakraborty Mohua , Pattader Partho Sarathi Gooh , Islam A. K. M. Maidul , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe present study elucidates the role of annealing with electric field on lamellar crystalline structure and molecular orientation of polymer chains in ferroelectric copolymer (P(VDF‐TrFE)) and ferroelectric terpolymer (P(VDF‐TrFE‐CFE)) spin‐coated thin films. The ferroelectric polymer thin films annealed under an electric field support the growth of nanostructure with an “edge‐on” lamellar crystalline structure having in‐plane molecular chain orientation. The poled P(VDF‐TrFE) thin films have higher remnant polarization (Pr) ≈6.2 µC cm−2 and saturation polarization (Ps) ≈8.2 µC cm−2 at an applied electric field of 250 MV/m compared to unpoled thin films having Pr ≈4.7 and Ps ≈6.2 µC cm−2. Also, poled P(VDF‐TrFE) thin films show lower coercive field (Ec) ≈94 MV/m compared to an unpoled thin film having Ec ≈105 MV/m. Similarly, poled PVDF‐TrFE‐CFE thin film shows better ferroelectric properties having Pr ≈0.4 and Ps ≈5.7 µC cm−2 at an applied electric field of 200 MV m−1 compared to unpoled thin films having Pr ≈0.4 and Ps ≈4.1 µC cm−2. The storage energy efficiency of unpoled and poled P(VDF‐TrFE‐CFE) thin films is measured to be ≈75% and 80%. Annealing of ferroelectric P(VDF‐TrFE) polymer thin films under an electric field demonstrates improved ferroelectric and electroactive properties.
Ultra‐Tough Graphene Oxide/DNA 2D Hydrogel with Intrinsic Sensing and Actuation Functions
Authors: Chen Siyu , Lee Chang Jie Mick , Tan Gladys Shi Xuan , Ng Pei Rou , Zhang Pengxiang , Zhao Jinpei , Novoselov Kostya S. , Andreeva Daria V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHydrogel devices with mechanical toughness and tunable functionalities are highly desirable for practical long‐term applications such as sensing and actuation elements for soft robotics. However, existing hydrogels have poor mechanical properties, slow rates of response, and low functionality. In this work, two‐dimensional hydrogel actuators are proposed and formed on the self‐assembly of graphene oxide (GO) and deoxynucleic acid (DNA). The self‐assembly process is driven by the GO‐induced transition of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) into single stranded DNA (ssDNA). Thus, the hydrogel's structural unit consists of two layers of GO covered by ssDNA and a layer of dsDNA in between. Such heterogeneous architectures stabilized by multiple hydrogen bondings have Young's modulus of up to 10 GPa and rapid swelling rates of 4.0 × 10−3 to 1.1 × 10−2 s−1, which surpasses most types of conventional hydrogels. It is demonstrated that the GO/DNA hydrogel actuators leverage the unique properties of these two materials, making them excellent candidates for various applications requiring sensing and actuation functions, such as artificial skin, wearable electronics, bioelectronics, and drug delivery systems.