bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling the flood: when more of a dose is less
Authors: David Johnson J. 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the flood of information that is inundating us. This flood makes it increasingly difficult to make sense of the world and arrive at the correct interpretation of events.Design/methodology/approach– Classic narrative literature review applying the dosage metaphor to the growing problem of information overload.Findings– The seven elements of dosage – amount, frequency, sequencing, delivery systems, contraindications, interactions, and dysfunctions – are used to discuss four major coping mechanisms – escape, attention, delegation, and creative destruction – for dealing with the flood. Each of the coping mechanisms has different entailments for the dosage elements.Originality/value– This essay develops a guiding principle for thinking about how we should cope with this central problem of the information age: suggesting a minimalist approach that offers the hope of clarity in acting in an age that increasingly overwhelms us.
Bank branch location and stability during distress
Authors: Hendrickson Jill M. , Nichols Mark W. , Fairchild Daniel R. 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of bank branch location on the likelihood of bank failure during the most recent financial crisis.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper estimates the probit regression to identify the causes of bank failures and attempts to determine the role of branch location in bank performance.

Findings
– Using data from failed and surviving banks in Georgia and Florida, this paper finds that diversifying the balance sheet and operating in more competitive markets reduced failure rates, but branching intensity, measured by number of branches and distance of branches from the home office did not significantly reduce the probability of failure. This suggests that, at least in today
'
s market, it is not important to bank stability to have a branching network a significant distance from the home office.

Originality/value
– This paper carefully considers the role of branch location in the likelihood of bank failure during financial distress. As such, it contributes to the historical policy debate regarding regulation prohibiting or minimizing banks
'
ability to branch. It also contributes to our understanding of how banks structure their branching networks in the contemporary banking environment.
Canonical correlation analysis
Authors: Mazuruse Peter 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The purpose of this paper was to construct a canonical correlation analysis (CCA) model for the Zimbabwe stock exchange (ZSE). This paper analyses the impact of macroeconomic variables on stock returns for the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange using the canonical correlation analysis (CCA).Design/methodology/approach– Data for the independent (macroeconomic) variables and dependent variables (stock returns) were extracted from secondary sources for the period from January 1990 to December 2008. For each variable, 132 sets of data were collected. Eight top trading companies at the ZSE were selected, and their monthly stock returns were calculated using monthly stock prices. The independent variables include: consumer price index, money supply, treasury bills, exchange rate, unemployment, mining and industrial index. The CCA was used to construct the CCA model for the ZSE.Findings– Maximization of stock returns at the ZSE is mostly influenced by the changes in consumer price index, money supply, exchange rate and treasury bills. The four macroeconomic variables greatly affect the movement of stock prices which, in turn, affect stock returns. The stock returns for Hwange, Barclays, Falcon, Ariston, Border, Caps and Bindura were significant in forming the CCA model.Research limitations/implications– During the research period, some companies delisted due to economic hardships, and this reduced the sample size for stock returns for respective companies.Practical implications– The results from this research can be used by policymakers, stock market regulators and the government to make informed decisions when crafting economic policies for the country. The CCA model enables the stakeholders to identify the macroeconomic variables that play a pivotal role in maximizing the strength of the relationship with stock returns.Social implications– Macroeconomic variables, such as consumer price index, inflation, etc., directly affect the livelihoods of the general populace. They also impact on the performance of companies. The society can monitor economic trends and make the right decisions based on the current trends of economic performance.Originality/value– This research opens a new dimension to the study of macroeconomic variables and stock returns. Most studies carried out so far in Zimbabwe zeroed in on multiple regression as the central methodology. No study has been done using the CCA as the main methodology.
Swap futurization
Authors: Smack Lisa 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that certain rules, implemented as a result of the Dodd-Frank Act (DFA) of 2010, should be harmonized between economically equivalent products in swap and futures markets to prevent regulatory arbitrage.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper focuses on rules surrounding margin requirements and block size thresholds. As such, a background of clearing and exchange systems is presented to familiarize the reader with the risk management objectives of the regulation. Viewpoints of several leading commentators taken from a Commodity Futures Trading Commission roundtable and comment letters are then analysed to support the argument that margin requirements and block size thresholds should be the same for similar financial products.

Findings
– Based on the review and analysis of several commentators and industry participants, harmonization of rules for swaps and economically equivalent futures contract should be achieved to prevent regulatory arbitrage.

Originality/value
– To the best of the author's knowledge, there are no articles that address the swap futurization debate in this detail. This paper will be of interest to readers who would like to learn more about how the DFA has impacted the derivatives market leading to the recent trend of swap “futurization”. It is also ideal for those who are unfamiliar with current clearing and exchange systems, as it presents background detail of this framework to supplement the debate on swap rules.
Institutional repositories as complementary tools to evaluate the quantity and quality of research outputs
Authors: Bonilla-Calero Anabel 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this study is to analyse the advantages of using an institutional repository (IR) as a complementary source to evaluate the research output produced by a university.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper is based on previous studies where IRs have been used as source to analyse the research output.

Findings
– Some advantages of using repositories as a tool to evaluate research output are: they help to evaluate the research output from different perspectives, using multidimensional approaches that combine various factors and types of documents with free access to all researchers, evaluators and society in general.

Practical implications
– The paper is aimed at researchers and experts that use Web of Knowledge and Scopus services to evaluate the research output. It recommends that they consider using IRs as an additional, practical and complementary tool to traditional databases.

Originality/value
– To underline the advantages of using an IR as a complementary source in the evaluation of research outputs; this evaluative approach is not sufficiently appreciated in comparison with the role of traditional (non-open access) databases. Adopting this original approach would be a significant enhancement to current research evaluation practice.
The state of disclosures on stakeholder engagement in sustainability reporting in Australian local councils
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet , K. Lodhia Sumit 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– This study aims to examine the state and extent of disclosures on stakeholder engagement in sustainability reporting in Australian local councils.Design/methodology/approach– Content analysis was used to analyse 23 sustainability/state of environment/annual reports out of a total of 563 local councils (city, shire, district, borough and regional) in Australia for the year 2009-2010 – those found to be using stakeholder engagement in the development of sustainability reports. A stakeholder engagement index was developed on the basis of the literature review to examine the extent of disclosures on stakeholder engagement.Findings– This study identifies: the Australian local councils that are engaging with their stakeholders in the development of sustainability reports; key stakeholders for sustainability reports; extent of engagement; media and approaches used for engagement; and difficulties in the engagement process. The results suggest that stakeholder engagement is an essential component in the development of sustainability reporting as it informs reporters of material concerns, issues and aspirations of key stakeholders.Research limitations/implications– The focus of this paper is the state of disclosures on stakeholder engagement in sustainability reporting. The findings of the paper are limited to only one level of governance of the public sector, that is, local councils.Originality/value– International standards such as Global Reporting Initiative and AccountAbility (AA) 1000 have signified the role of stakeholder engagement in the development of sustainability reports. However, there has been a little research that demonstrates whether or not organisations engage with their stakeholders for reporting purposes. This paper provides evidence of stakeholder engagement in sustainability reporting in Australian local councils.
Extracting order from elegant chaos: implications of the marine diversity spectrum
Authors: Webb Thomas J. 
Published: June 2014

Slopes of the diversity spectrum for all of the world's coastal large marine ecosystems for which sufficient data exist. From this, it is possible both to relate the diversity spectrum to environmental parameters (e.g. temperature) and to make regional predictions of unmeasured quantities, such as the diversity of small‐bodied species.imageSlopes of the diversity spectrum for all of the world's coastal large marine ecosystems for which sufficient data exist. From this, it is possible both to relate the diversity spectrum to environmental parameters (e.g. temperature) and to make regional predictions of unmeasured quantities, such as the diversity of small‐bodied species.

Reuman, D.C., Gislason, H, Barnes, C., Mélin, F. & Jennings, S. (2014) . Journal of Animal Ecology, 83, 963–979.
How do we begin to extract order from the elegant chaos of natural ecosystems? In a landmark new paper published in this issue, Reuman et al. () go back to first principles, combining a range of established body size‐ and species‐centred ecological theories with empirically well‐supported relationships to construct a model that enables them to predict key features using only remarkably simple biological and environmental measurements. They test this model using widely available data on the communities living in all of the world's coastal seas. Here, I discuss the key features of their model, and especially how the general patterns they document can lead to further, empirically driven tests of theory across multiple ecosystems.
Bacteria diversity, distribution and insight into their role in S and Fe biogeochemical cycling during black shale weathering
Authors: Li Jiwei , Sun Weimin , Wang Shiming , Sun Zhilei , Lin Sixiang , Peng Xiaotong 
Published: June 2014

SummaryA group of black shale samples, which were collected sequentially along a continuous depositional unit from bottom fresh zone toward the surface regolith of the weathering profile at Chengkou County, Southwest China, were examined using mineralogical, geochemical and pyrosequencing techniques. The mineralogical and geochemical analyses indicated that the black shale profile provided a series of extremely acidic and chemical species that changed microbial habitats following the process of weathering. This finding is in contrast with a previous hypothesis that a low‐diversity bacterial community existed in these harsh environments; the pyrosequencing analyses showed extremely diverse microbial communities with 33 different phyla/groups in these samples. Among these phyla/groups, proteobacteria, actinobacteria and firmcutes were more dominant than other phyla, and the phylogenetic structures of the bacterial communities vary with the progressive process of weathering. Moreover, the canonical‐correlation analysis suggested that pH and sulfur in sulfate, followed by total Fe and sulfur in pyrite, are the significant factors that shape the microbial community structure. In addition, a large proportion of S‐ and Fe‐related bacteria, such as Acidithiobacillus, Sulfobacillus, Thiobacillus, Ferrimicrobium and Ferrithrix, may be responsible for pyrite bio‐oxidation, as well as for S and Fe biogeochemical cycling, in the black shale weathering environments.
Blautia and Prevotella sequences distinguish human and animal fecal pollution in Brazil surface waters
Authors: Koskey Amber M. , Fisher Jenny C. , Eren A. Murat , Ponce‐Terashima Rafael , Reis Mitermayer G. , Blanton Ronald E. , McLellan Sandra L. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryUntreated sewage discharges and limited agricultural manure management practices contribute to fecal pollution in rural Brazilian waterways. Most microbial source tracking studies have focused on Bacteroidales, and few have tested host‐specific indicators in underdeveloped regions. Sequencing of sewage and human and animal feces with Illumina HiSeq revealed Prevotellaceae as the most abundant family in humans, with Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae also comprising a large proportion of the microbiome. These same families were also dominant in animals. Bacteroides, the genus containing the most commonly utilized human‐specific marker in the United States was present in very low abundance. We used oligotyping to identify Prevotella and Blautia sequences that can distinguish human fecal contamination. Thirty‐five of 61 Blautia oligotypes and 13 of 108 Prevotella oligotypes in humans were host‐specific or highly abundant (i.e. host‐preferred) compared to pig, dog, horse and cow sources. Certain human Prevotella and Blautia oligotypes increased more than an order of magnitude along a polluted river transect in rural Brazil, but traditional fecal indicator levels followed a steady or even decreasing trend. While both Prevotella and Blautia oligotypes distinguished human and animal fecal pollution in Brazil surface waters, Blautia appears to contain more discriminatory and globally applicable markers for tracking sources of fecal pollution.
Calibration of pelagic stereo‐BRUVs and scientific longline surveys for sampling sharks
Authors: Santana‐Garcon Julia , Braccini Matias , Langlois Tim J. , Newman Stephen J. , McAuley Rory B. , Harvey Euan S. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryOur understanding of the ecology of sharks and other highly mobile marine species often relies on fishery‐dependent data or extractive fishery‐independent techniques that can result in catchability and size‐selectivity biases. Pelagic Baited Remote Underwater stereo‐Video Systems (pelagic stereo‐BRUVs) provide a standardized, non‐destructive and fishery‐independent approach to estimate biodiversity measures of fish assemblages in the water column. However, the performance of this novel method has not yet been assessed relative to other standard sampling techniques.We compared the catch composition, relative abundance and length distribution of fish assemblages sampled using pelagic stereo‐BRUVs and conventional scientific longline surveys. In particular, we focused on sharks of the family Carcharhinidae (requiem sharks) to assess the sampling effectiveness of this novel technique along a latitudinal gradient off the coast of Western Australia. We calibrated the sampling effort required for each technique to obtain equivalent samples of the target species and discuss the advantages, limitations and potential use of these methods to study highly mobile species.The proportion of sharks sampled by pelagic stereo‐BRUVs and scientific longline surveys was comparable across the latitudinal gradient.Carcharhinus plumbeuswas the most abundant species sampled by both the techniques. Longline surveys selected larger individuals of the family Carcharhinidae in comparison with the length distribution data obtained from pelagic stereo‐BRUVs. However, the relative abundance estimates (catch per unit of effort) from the pelagic stereo‐BRUVs were comparable to those from 5 to 30 longline hooks.Pelagic stereo‐BRUVs can be calibrated to standard techniques in order to study the species composition, behaviour, relative abundance and size distribution of highly mobile fish assemblages at broad spatial and temporal scales. This technique offers a non‐destructive fishery‐independent approach that can be implemented in areas that may be closed to fishing and is suitable for studies on rare or threatened species.
Applications of airborne lidar for the assessment of animal species diversity
Authors: Simonson William D. , Allen Harriet D. , Coomes David A. 
Published: June 2014

SummaryHabitat structure is important in explaining species diversity patterns for many animal groups. If we could map habitat structure over large spatial scales, we could use habitat structure–species diversity (HS–SD) relationships to model species diversity and inform conservation planning and management. Traditional approaches for measuring habitat structure cannot be applied over entire landscapes, but remote sensing tools are now able to overcome this limitation. Here, we explore the potential of airborne lidar for the assessment and monitoring of animal species diversity in terrestrial environments.We review the habitat attributes commonly recorded in the study ofHS–SDrelationships and the spatial scale of their measurement, in papers published between 1960 and 2013. We also gather evidence for the use of lidar to make relevant measurements at similar scales.Eight out of 15 attributes of habitat structure commonly used in published studies relate to the vertical dimension of habitat. The core strength of lidar is that it is a vertical profiler, and this technology can be used to derive estimates of all but one of these structural attributes. Lidar can also be used to improve the measurement of the four commonly used attributes focusing on the horizontal heterogeneity of habitat patches. The spatial grain and extent ofHS–SDstudies is usually within the operational capability of airborne lidar; when a vertical measure of habitat structure has been employed, this is true in 84% of published studies. The potential efficacy of lidar in this field of biodiversity studies is underlined by several published examples of lidar modelling of animal species diversity.We conclude that lidar remote sensing is fit for the purpose of biodiversity assessment and monitoring through its ability to characterize habitat structure, a key driver of animal species diversity, over large spatial scales. We advocate wider application of lidar‐basedHS–SDindicators to help tackle the current biodiversity crisis. In combination with other remote sensing products, these indicators may support the implementation and monitoring of environmental legislation, inform gap analyses and the planning of management actions for protected areas and species, and drive greater synergy with forest‐based climate change mitigation.
Longitudinal patterns of problematic computer game use among adolescents and adults—a 2‐year panel study
Authors: Scharkow Michael , Festl Ruth , Quandt Thorsten 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAimsTo investigate the longitudinal patterns (stability and change) of problematic computer game use and its interdependencies with psychosocial wellbeing in different age groups.DesignThree‐wave, annual panel study using computer‐assisted telephone surveys.SettingGermany.ParticipantsA total of 112 adolescents aged between 14 and 18 years, 363 younger adults between 19–39 years and 427 adults aged 40 years and older (overall n = 902).MeasurementsProblematic game use was measured with the Gaming Addiction Short Scale (GAS), which covers seven criteria including salience, withdrawal and conflict. Additionally, gaming behaviour and psychosocial wellbeing (social capital and support, life satisfaction and success) were measured in all three panel waves.FindingsThe generally low GAS scores were very stable in yearly intervals [average autocorrelation across waves and age groups: r = 0.74, confidence interval (CI) = 0.71, 0.77]. Only nine respondents (1%, CI = 0.5, 1.9) consistently exhibited symptoms of problematic game use across all waves, while no respondent could be classified consistently as being addicted according to the GAS criteria. Changes in problematic gaming were not related consistently to changes in psychosocial wellbeing, although some cross‐lagged effects were statistically significant in younger and older adult groups.ConclusionsWithin a 2‐year time‐frame, problematic use of computer games appears to be a less stable behaviour than reported previously and not related systematically to negative changes in the gamers' lives.
Separating risks from values in setting priorities for plant community conservation
Authors: Keith David A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBerg and colleagues, in this issue, describe a framework for assessing risks to biodiversity and setting conservation priorities in northeast Germany. Their method explicitly separates community endangerment from conservation value, and derives its plant communities from a sound regional classification. It could be improved by incorporating ecological processes into risk assessment, and socio‐political constraints, economic costs and the likelihood of success into priority setting.
An effect of moderate hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics and safety of darapladib
Authors: Magee Mindy He , Shearn Shawn , Shaddinger Bonnie , Fang Zixing , Glaser Ruchira 
Published: June 2014

Aim/MethodsThis was a phase 1, open label, non‐randomized study designed to assess the pharmacokinetics and safety/tolerability of 10 consecutive once daily 40 mg oral doses of darapladib in subjects with moderate hepatic impairment (n = 12) compared with matched healthy volunteers (n = 12).ResultsFor total darapladib, a small increase in total and peak exposure was observed in the subjects with moderate hepatic impairment compared with the subjects with normal hepatic function. The area under the plasma concentration−time curve during a dosing interval of duration τ (AUC(0,τ), geometric mean 223 ng ml−1 h [90% CI 158, 316 ng ml−1 h], in moderate hepatic impaired subjects, vs. geometric mean 186 ng ml−1 h [90% CI 159, 217 ng ml−1 h], in healthy subjects) and maximum concentration (Cmax) were 20% and 7% higher, respectively, in the subjects with moderate hepatic impairment than in the healthy control subjects and there was no change in time to maximum concentration (tmax). Protein binding was performed to measure the amount of unbound drug vs. bound. Steady‐state was achieved by day 10 for darapladib and its metabolites (M4, M3 and M10). Darapladib was generally well tolerated, with adverse events (AEs) reported by seven subjects in the hepatic impairment group and three subjects in the healthy matched group (five and one of which were drug‐related AEs, respectively). The most common AEs were gastrointestinal. These AEs were mostly mild to moderate and there were no deaths, serious AEs or withdrawals due to AEs.ConclusionsThe results of this phase 1 study show that darapladib (40 mg) is well tolerated and its pharmacokinetics remain relatively unchanged in patients with moderate hepatic impairment.