bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Islet-Specific T-Cell Responses and Proinflammatory Monocytes Define Subtypes of Autoantibody-Negative Ketosis-Prone Diabetes
Authors: Brooks-Worrell Barbara M. , Iyer Dinakar , Coraza Ivonne , Hampe Christiane S. , Nalini Ramaswami , Ozer Kerem , Narla Radhika , Palmer Jerry P. , Balasubramanyam Ashok 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE
Ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD) is characterized by diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in patients lacking typical features of type 1 diabetes. A validated classification scheme for KPD includes two autoantibody-negative (“A−”) phenotypic forms: “A−β−” (lean, early onset, lacking β-cell functional reserve) and “A−β+” (obese, late onset, with substantial β-cell functional reserve after the index episode of DKA). Recent longitudinal analysis of a large KPD cohort revealed that the A−β+ phenotype includes two distinct subtypes distinguished by the index DKA episode having a defined precipitant (“provoked,” with progressive β-cell function loss over time) or no precipitant (“unprovoked,” with sustained β-cell functional reserve). These three A− KPD subtypes are characterized by absence of humoral islet autoimmune markers, but a role for cellular islet autoimmunity is unknown.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Islet-specific T-cell responses and the percentage of proinflammatory (CD14+CD16+) blood monocytes were measured in A−β− (n = 7), provoked A−β+ (n = 15), and unprovoked A−β+ (n = 13) KPD patients. Genotyping was performed for type 1 diabetes–associated HLA class II alleles.

RESULTS
Provoked A−β+ and A−β− KPD patients manifested stronger islet-specific T-cell responses (P &lt; 0.03) and higher percentages of proinflammatory CD14+CD16+ monocytes (P &lt; 0.01) than unprovoked A−β+ KPD patients. A significant relationship between type 1 diabetes HLA class II protective alleles and negative T-cell responses was observed.

CONCLUSIONS
Provoked A−β+ KPD and A−β− KPD are associated with a high frequency of cellular islet autoimmunity and proinflammatory monocyte populations. In contrast, unprovoked A−β+ KPD lacks both humoral and cellular islet autoimmunity.
Ideal Cardiovascular Health and the Prevalence and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification in Adults With and Without Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Alman Amy C. , Maahs David M. , Rewers Marian J. , Snell-Bergeon Janet K. 
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE
In 2010, the American Heart Association defined seven metrics (smoking, BMI, physical activity, diet, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose) for ideal cardiovascular health (ICH). Subsequent studies have shown that the prevalence of achieving these metrics is very low in the general population. Adults with type 1 diabetes are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but no studies to date have been published on the prevalence of ICH in this population.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data for this analysis were collected as part of the prospective Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes study. This analysis involved 546 subjects with type 1 diabetes and 631 subjects without diabetes who had complete information for calculating the ICH metrics.

RESULTS
Overall, the prevalence of ICH was low in this population, with none meeting the ideal criteria for all seven metrics. The prevalence of ideal physical activity (10.0%) and diet (1.1%) were particularly low. ICH was significantly associated with both decreased prevalence (odds ratio [OR] 0.70; 95% CI 0.62–0.80) and progression (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.66–0.90) of coronary artery calcification (CAC).

CONCLUSIONS
ICH is significantly associated with decreased prevalence and progression of CAC; however, prevalence of ICH metrics was low in adults both with and without type 1 diabetes. Efforts to increase the prevalence of ICH could have a significant impact on reducing the burden of CVD.
Identification of emitter sources in the aspect of their fractal features
Authors: Dudczyk J. , Kawalec A. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article presents the procedure of identification radar emitter sources with the trace distinctive features of original signal with the use of fractal features. It is a specific kind of identification called Specific Emitter Identification, where as a result of using transformations, which change measure points, a transformation attractor was received. The use of linear regression and the Lagrange polynomial interpolation resulted in the estimation of the measurement function. The method analysing properties of the measurement function which has been suggested by the authors caused the extraction of two additional distinctive features. These features extended the vector of basic radar signals’ parameters. The extended vector of radar signals’ features made it possible to identify the copy of radar emitter source.
Investigations of polycaprolactone/gelatin blends in terms of their miscibility
Authors: Kolbuk D. , Sajkiewicz P. , Denis P. , Choinska E. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Synthetic and natural polymers blends represent a new brand of materials with application in wound healing, scaffolds or drug delivery systems. Polycaprolactone/gelatin (PCL/Gt) blends were analyzed in terms of their miscibility. The PCL structure was investigated as a function of Gt content. Changes in the PCL spherulitic structure with Gt content were investigated by a polarizing-interference microscope. The analysis of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of both components as a function of PCL/Gt ratio by differential scanning calorimetry indicates that the system of polycaprolactone/gelatin belongs to a type of s.c. compatible system, being intermediate between miscible and immiscible systems. There is possibility of very limited miscibility of both components. Supplementary wide angle X-ray scattering results are presented.
Multichannel ultrasonic range finder for blind people navigation
Authors: Gelmuda W. , Kos A. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present a multichannel ultrasonic range finder which was designed for the navigation system for blind people. A substantial number of consultations with blind people in the Blind People Centre in Krakow have shown that the navigation and obstacle detection with a help of a white stick only, is not sufficient enough to assure a high safety level. Electronic aids which are being designed for blind people should be mobile, comfortable and low-powered. That is why the MOBIAN© (a mobile safety system for the blind) project is being carried out by the authors to create a highly reliable safety navigation system for blind people. It could not only improve blind people quality of life but also their safety, especially when they are walking in unknown areas. As a part of this project, the multichannel ultrasonic range finder was designed, produced and tested. The tests have proven the device is capable of detecting objects from different directions in a range over 4 m. The device interface is easy to manage and can be controlled by almost any microcontroller or FPGA chip. The designed range finder is to be implemented in the electronic assistant project for blind people. Other systems, including the industrial ones, for instance, mobile robots or gates that count people entries, could benefit from this multichannel range finder. Usually, some low-cost ultrasonic range finders use two transducers for each channel (a transmitter and a receiver). The designed device employs only one transducer per channel which minimizes the end-device size and cost and at the same time provides with the main functionality. Novelty of this device is its multichannel design and the emplacement of the ultrasonic transducers, which can be used due to the application of the multichannel analog multiplexer. Thus, it is possible to detect obstacles, even the inclined ones, with higher reliability and increase the safety of blind people while walking. Also, this design and the transducers’ placement allow to detect obstacles much quicker, when the blind user suddenly turns.
Rapid prototyping of algorithmic A/D converters based on FPAA devices
Authors: Suszynski R. , Wawryn K. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
A rapid prototyping method for designing mixed signal systems has been presented in the paper. The method is based on implementation of the field programmable analog array (FPAA) to configure and reconfigure mixed signal systems. A serial algorithmic analog digital converter has been used as an example. Three converter architectures have been selected and implemented FPAA device. To verify and illustrate converters operation and prototyping capabilities, implemented converters have been excited by a sinusoidal signal. Analog sinusoidal excitations, digital responses and sinusoidal waveforms after reconstruction are presented.
Technique to improve CMRR at high frequencies in CMOS OTA-C filters
Authors: Blakiewicz G. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
In this paper a technique to improve the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) at high frequencies in the OTA-C filters is proposed. The technique is applicable to most OTA-C filters using CMOS operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA) based on differential pairs. The presented analysis shows that a significant broadening of CMRR bandwidth can be achieved by using a differential pair with the bodies of transistors connected to AC ground, instead of using a pair with the bodies connected to the sources. The key advantages of the technique are: no increase in power consumption (except for an optional tuning circuit), a small increase of a chip area, a slight modification of the original filter. The simulation results for exemplary OTAs and a low-pass filter, designed in a 0.35 μm CMOS process, show the possibility of broadening the CMRR bandwidth several times.
Noise properties of thin-film Ni-P resistors embedded in printed circuit boards
Authors: Stadler A.W. , Zawiślak Z. , Stęplewski W. , Dziedzic A. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract.
Noise studies of planar thin-film Ni-P resistors made in/on Printed Circuit Boards, both covered with two different types of cladding or uncladded have been described. The resistors have been made of the resistive-conductive-material (Ohmega-Ply©) of 100 Ώ/sq. Noise of the selected pairs of samples has been measured in the DC resistance bridge with a transformer as the first stage in a signal path. 1/f noise caused by resistance fluctuations has been found to be the main noise component. Parameters describing noise properties of the resistors have been calculated and then compared with the parameters of other previously studied thin- and thick-film resistive materials.
Reflections on the changes observed in the structure of motor skills in young athletes
Authors: Karpowicz Krzysztof , Karpowicz Małgorzata 
Published: October 2013

PurposeThe main objective of the study was to discern what trends are present in the structure of motor skills in young athletes by analyzing a group of basketball players within a context of their sports-specific training.MethodsData were collected over a five-year period between 2006-2010 from 82 young Polish basketball players aged 15-16 years. In order to determine their motor skill level, the International Physical Fitness Test (IPFT) was administered. Basic somatic parameters, such as height, weight, and body mass index, were also recorded.ResultsAnalysis of the significant differences between the mean IPFT scores for each year found relatively few statistically significant changes. No statistically significant changes were noted for somatic build. For motor skill level, an upward trend was found for speed, lower limb strength, arm strength, hand strength, abdominal endurance, and agility. Total IPFT scores for each subsequent year indicated a systematic improvement of the participants’ general physical fitness levels.ConclusionsDespite only few of the results being statistically significant, the general trend of the changes in physical fitness levels is easily observed. Apart from the issue around the selection of surrounding selecting individuals to play in competitive sports, and in particular in which specific sports discipline, it was found that the training loads (such as the one used in boys basketball) have in most cases a positive impact on general physical fitness.
Assembling a Formula for Current Transferring by Using a Summary Graph and Transformation Graphs
Authors: Brtník Bohumil 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This paper deals with the symbolic solution of the switched current circuits. As is described, the full graph method of the solution can be used for finding relationships expressing current transfer, too. The summa MC-graph is constructed using two-graphs method in two-phase switching. By comparing the matrix form with results of the Mason’s formula are derived relations for current transfers in all phases. There are discussed various options described transistor memory cells - with loss and lossless transistors and normal transistor current mirror. Evaluation of the graph is simplified if we consider the lossless transistors or if the y21 -parameter of one transistor is alpha multiple of second ones.
La méditation cartésienne de Foucault
Authors: Monod Jean-Claude 
Published: October 2013

Foucault a souligné l’importance, pour la philosophie française du xx e siècle, des Méditations cartésiennes de Husserl, prononcées à la Sorbonne en 1929. Contrairement à Husserl, Foucault n’a pas réactivé le geste cartésien de l’auto-méditation et de la refondation du savoir philosophique sur des bases sûres. Mais il n’a cessé de revenir sur les Méditations métaphysiques de Descartes comme moment décisif pour l’apparition du sujet moderne – d’abord dans la fameuse lecture du « Mais quoi ! ce sont des fous » dans l’ Histoire de la folie. Mais Foucault ne s’en est pas tenu à cette interprétation, discutée par Derrida, qui reliait la construction du sujet rationnel à l’exclusion des fous. On trouve dans L’Herméneutique du sujet une nouvelle approche des Méditations métaphysiques, cette fois démarquée de Heidegger, qui les restitue dans l’histoire des « techniques de soi » et situe la rupture décisive au plan même de la dissociation entre technique spirituelle, accès à la connaissance et transformation éthique de soi. Cet article suit ainsi « la méditation cartésienne de Foucault » en mettant en lumière le constant débat sous-jacent avec les lectures de Descartes produites par la phénoménologie et la déconstruction de la métaphysique.
« Bizarre, bizarre, vous avez dit bizarre... »
Authors: Dechaud-Ferbus Monique 
Published: October 2013

À l’aide d’exemples cliniques, l’auteur émet l’hypothèse que des vécus émotionnels, qui bouleversent le patient, diffusent sur l’analyste, alors amené à utiliser le clivage fonctionnel. C’est ainsi que ce qu’elle appelle un accident psychique permet une meilleure compréhension du fonctionnement psychique du patient. La dépersonnalisation agit comme un traumatisme qui renvoie la psyché aux origines de sa formation et, de ce fait, le travail analytique peut bénéficier parfois d’un aménagement par une médiation perceptivo-sensorimotrice, comme le propose la Psychothérapie psychanalytique corporelle ( ppc ). Les expressions des vécus primitifs pourront retrouver une forme à partir d’un lieu psychique de recouvrement des espaces (topique psychique archaïque).
Devenir ami ou rester étranger avec ce qui vient incidemment à notre rencontre ?
Authors: Villa François 
Published: October 2013

L’auteur prend appui sur la rencontre dans le corpus freudien en diverses occurrences de trois notions : die Entfremdung, befreunden et das Entgegenkommen qui ont attiré son attention et qu’il lui semble heuristique de faire jouer ensemble. L’assemblage de ces trois notions lui permet de travailler la notion de dépersonnalisation en éclairant les fins de la psychanalyse. Dans un premier temps, il explicite la signification de ces mots et rappelle quelle est la tradition française pour leur traduction. Ensuite, il fait jouer ces notions entre elles.
Claude Royet-Journoud et la lisibilité seconde
Authors: Cohen-Halimi Michèle 
Published: October 2013

La lisibilité seconde définit ce que la poétique de Claude Royet-Journoud nous apprend de la physiologie de la lecture, ou plutôt, de la puissance de filtrage du vers : une invention d'espace et de mémoire pour les mots dans le livre (s). Cette invention permet une analogie avec ce que Hans Blumenberg, dans La Lisibilité du monde (1981) découvrit à travers l'attention très singulière que Kant portait à l'acte de lire : l'expérience la plus littérale de la pensée.
L'institution comme préalable à une éthique de la technique
Authors: Carron Guillaume 
Published: October 2013

Cet article tente tout d'abord de comprendre la difficulté à laquelle est soumise l'élaboration d'une éthique du développement technique. Pour cela, on analyse le concept de technique afin de montrer qu'il incarne aujourd'hui un certain style de rapport au monde reposant sur la confusion de la conscience et de l'expérience. Or cette confusion constitue un obstacle majeur à toute réflexion éthique véritable. On montre alors comment le concept d'« institution », élaboré par Merleau-Ponty dans les années 1950, permet de déjouer les illusions inhérentes au style technique et de poser les fondements d'une pensée éthique à ce sujet.
Assessment of Fetal Central Nervous System
Authors: Pooh KyongHon , Pooh Ritsuko K 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
Transvaginal high-resolution ultrasound and threedimensional (3D) ultrasound has been establishing sonoembryology in the first trimester as well as neurosonography. Fetal brain is rapidly developing and changing its appearance week by week during pregnancy. The most important organ but it is quite hard to observe detailed structure of this organ by conventional transabdominal sonography. It is possible to observe the whole brain structure by magnetic resonance imaging in the post half of pregnancy, but it is difficult in the first half of gestation and transvaginal high-resolution 3D ultrasound is the most powerful modality. As for brain vascularization, main arteries and veins have been demonstrated and evaluated in various CNS conditions.

How to cite this article
Pooh RK, Pooh K. Assessment of Fetal Central Nervous System. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(4):369-384.
Functional Test for Fetal Brain: The Role of KANET Test
Authors: Izetbegovic Sebija 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTDefining normal and abnormal fetal neurological function in utero in order to better predict antenatally which fetuses are at risk for adverse neurological outcome has remained a great challenge in perinatal medicine. Fetal behavioral patterns have been considered as indicators of fetal brain development. It has been suggested that the assessment of fetal behavior in different periods of gestation may make possible the distinction between normal and abnormal brain development. Advances in ultrasound technology and particularly the introduction of real time four-dimensional (4D) ultrasonography, allowed direct observation of in utero life and offered a new insight for the assessment of fetal behavior. Fetal behavioral movements, the full range of facial expressions and mobility of fetal upper and lower extremities and fingers can be clearly visualized with 4D ultrasound. A new scoring system for the assessment of fetal neurobehavior based on prenatal assessment of the fetus with 4D sonography has been developed based on the same technique that neonatologists assess newborns during the first days of their postnatal life. This overview focuses on the study of fetal behavior and neurological assessment with 4D ultrasound.How to cite this articleAntsaklis P, Kurjak A, Izetbegovic S. Functional Test for Fetal Brain: The Role of KANET Test. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(4):385-399.
The Value of Color and Power Doppler in the Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Honemeyer Ulrich , Kupesic-Plavsic Sanja , Pour-Mirza Afshin 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
Implantation of the zygote outside the uterine cavity occurs in 2% of all pregnancies. The rate of ectopic pregnancies has increased from 0.5% in 1970 to 2% today. The prevalence of ectopic pregnancy in all women presenting to an emergency department with first-trimester bleeding, lower abdominal pain or a combination of the two is between 6 and 16%. When diagnosis is made early, the product of conception can be removed safely by laparoscopic surgery and be submitted for histological examination. Tubal rupture is a complication of late diagnosed tubal pregnancy which is more difficult to treat conservatively and often indicates tubectomy or segmental resection. In 5 to 15% of treated ectopic pregnancy cases, remnant conception product parts are diagnosed and may require a final methotrexate (MTX) injection. Rare sites of ectopic pregnancy include interstitial, cervical, abdominal and cesarean scar pregnancies. Our manuscript reviews and illustrates the use of novel sonographic methods such as three-dimensional ultrasound, multiplanar view, in combination with color and power Doppler ultrasound, for early detection of ectopic tubal pregnancy and of other, rare locations of ectopic pregnancy.

How to cite this article
Honemeyer U, Alkatout I, Plavsic SK, Pour-Mirza A, Kurjak A. The Value of Color and Power Doppler in the Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(4):429-439.
The Genetic Sonogram—Structural Anomalies in the Assessment of Trisomy 21: Case Reports and a Literature Review
Authors: Zalel Yaron 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
The detection of sonographic markers can modify the risk of fetal Down syndrome (DS) and is the basis of the so-called genetic sonogram.
We present herein our experience with five cases found during early anomaly scan. They all share a common pathology- DS, but each has a different sonographic appearance with unique structural abnormalities. The detailed cases are desrcibed along with literature review of the sonographic findings. Using the ‘soft’ markers alone as a basis of deciding to offer amniocentesis will result in more fetal losses than DS detected. Therefore, the use of the genetic sonogram, especially in early pregnancy, based mainly on structural anomalies, will lessen the false-positive DS detection.

How to cite this article
Zalel Y. The Genetic Sonogram— Structural Anomalies in the Assessment of Trisomy 21: Case Reports and a Literature Review. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(4):475-480.
Quality Control of Obstetric and Gynecologic Ultrasound in Hungary: Education and Expectations
Authors: Papp Zoltan 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
The result of ultrasound examinations depends heavily on the preparation of the personnel carrying out the examination and the technical capabilities of the equipment they use. Only wellorganized regional or national programs are able to provide high level, cost-effective care based on certification of quality. Such certification must include the training of professionals, the definition of competence levels, accreditation of laboratories and the establishment of professional protocols. The ultrasound examinations in Hungary are performed by obstetricians under the recommendation of the Hungarian Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology and there are well defined levels and protocols of attendance. The different levels of attendance require proficiency at different levels and this requires regular training which is assured by the Society and gives a concern for all doctors and sonographers who perform ultrasound examinations and for all patients who receive them. The well organized quality assurance in obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound examinations is an essential dimension of high quality obstetric and gynecologic medical attendance.

How to cite this article
Belics Z, Papp Z. Quality Control of Obstetric and Gynecologic Ultrasound in Hungary: Education and Expectations. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(4):492-495.