bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Untersuchungen zum Quellpotenzial von Bentoniten unter dem Einfluss von Biostimulation
Authors: Viefhaus Hanna , Schanz Tom 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDieser Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Einfluss einer mikrobiologischen Anreicherung auf das Quellverhalten von Bentoniten. Die Anreicherung erfolgte organismenunspezifisch über die Zugabe einer Energie‐ und Kohlenstoffquelle (C6H12O6) zu Materialmischungen, bestehend aus 30 % Bentonit und 70 % natürlichem Schluff (Biostimulation). Es wurden zwei Bentonite untersucht, die sich hinsichtlich ihrer Zwischenschichtkationen unterscheiden: Calcigel mit hauptsächlich Ca++‐Kationen und MX 80 mit hauptsächlich Na+‐Kationen. Beide Bentonite weisen ein unterschiedliches Quellverhalten auf, welches beim Calcigel maßgeblich durch innerkristallines und beim MX 80 maßgeblich durch osmotisches Quellen bestimmt ist. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass eine stoffwechselbedingte Gasbildung die Volumenänderung der Calcigelproben deutlich beeinflusst, während die Wasseradsorption weitgehend unbeeinflusst bleibt. Die MX‐80‐Proben hingegen zeigen ein deutlich verringertes osmotisches Quellvermögen infolge der mikrobiologischen Anreicherung. Als direkte Folge der Anreicherung wurde für beide Bentonite eine Reduktion des pH‐Werts von 7,4 auf 4,8 im Porenfluid festgestellt, was die Reduktion des stark milieuabhängigen osmotischen Quellvorgangs erklärt.Investigations on the swelling potential of bentonites influenced by biostimulation. This contribution addresses the influence of microbiological accumulation on swelling behaviour of bentonites. Therefore, materials composed of 30 % bentonite and 70 % natural silt have been treated with C6H12O6 acting as an energy as well as carbon source in order to initiate microbiological growth of the present population (biostimulation). Two bentonites have been investigated differing in terms of their interlayer cations: Calcigel primarily exhibiting Ca++ cations and MX 80 primarily exhibiting Na+ cations within the interlayer space. Due to this compositional difference Calcigel swelling is significantly determined by processes of innercrystalline swelling, whereas MX 80 bentonite exhibits distinctive osmotic swelling. It was found that metabolic processes leading to gas generation within the samples have a great influence on volume change of Calcigel mixtures, whereas water adsorption of the same samples was rarely affected. On the other hand, samples of MX 80 mixtures exhibit a significant decrease in osmotic swelling. During the swelling tests the pH value in the pore fluids of both, accumulated Calcigel‐ and MX 80‐samples decreased from 7,4 to 4,8. This change in environmental conditions accounts for the decrease in the sensitive process of osmotic swelling.
Geotechnische Bedingungen in der Schachtanlage Konrad – Auffahrung von Strecken und Kammern in druckhaftem Gebirge
Authors: Stahlmann Joachim , Missal Christian , Hahn Peter , Edel Thomas 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDie Schachtanlage Konrad ist ein ehemaliges Erzbergwerk bei Salzgitter in Niedersachsen. Das Bergwerk wird in den nächsten Jahren zu einem Endlager für schwach‐ und mittelradioaktive Abfälle umgebaut. Im Zuge dieser Umbaumaßnahmen sollen am Schacht 2 auf der 2. Sohle (Teufe 850 m) Grubenbaue für den Betrieb des Endlagers erweitert und neu aufgefahren werden. Die geplante Nutzungsdauer der Räume beträgt 40 Jahre. Das anstehende Gebirge zeichnet sich durch eine komplexe Geologie aus, die durch Schichtungen und Trennflächen geprägt ist. Zudem zeigen die Tonsteinschichten zum Teil ein druckhaftes Gebirgsverhalten. Für den Nachweis der Standsicherheit und der Gebrauchstauglichkeit kommt die Beobachtungsmethode zum Einsatz. Numerische Prognosemodelle, welche die räumlichen Spannungsumlagerungen und Konvergenzen abbilden können, werden durch ein umfangreiches geotechnisches und markscheiderisches Messprogramm flankiert. Das Ausbaukonzept sieht in den Bereichen mit druckhaftem Gebirge eine geschlitzte Schale mit Gleitankern vor, die planmäßig Konvergenzen zulässt. Dadurch kann sich innerhalb des Konvergenzzeitraums ein Gebirgstragring ausbilden. Erst anschließend wird der endgültige Ausbau mit einer bewehrten Spritzbetonschale erstellt. Eine besondere Herausforderung ergibt sich aus der Abschätzung des Konvergenzzeitraums aus dem Prognosemodell unter Berücksichtigung des Messprogramms.Geotechnical conditions at the Konrad mine – Excavation of drifts and rooms in squeezing rock. The Konrad mine is a former iron ore mine near Salzgitter in Germany. The mine will be rebuilt in the next few years into a repository for low and intermediate level radioactive waste. During this conversion drifts and rooms for operating the repository are extended and newly constructed at shaft 2 on the 2nd floor level (depth 850 m). The planned useful life for the rooms is 40 years. In this period, maintenance‐free operation has to be ensured. The bedrock is characterized by complex geology. In addition, the mudstone layers show partly a squeezing behavior. For the proof of stability and usability, the observation method is applied. Therefor numerical forecast models are necessary, which can reproduce the tree dimensional stress redistribution and convergences in the rock mass. These numerical calculations are flanked by an extensive geotechnical measurement program in order to detect the real behavior of the bedrock. The underground support system consists of a slotted lining with sliding anchors in the areas where squeezing rock is present. This allows converging of the bedrock. During the convergence period a bearing ring is formed within the rock mass. Afterwards the final lining is created in reinforced shotcrete. One major issue is the assessment of the convergence period taking into account the numerical forecast model and the measurement program.
In‐office cup biopsy and laryngeal cytology versus operating room biopsy for the diagnosis of pharyngolaryngeal tumors: Efficacy and cost‐effectiveness
Authors: Castillo Farías Felipe , Cobeta Ignacio , Souviron Rosalia , Barberá Rafael , Mora Elena , Benito Amparo , Royuela Ana 
Published: June 2014

AbstractBackgroundIn‐office biopsy is an effective technique to diagnose the nature of pharyngolaryngeal lesions.MethodsWe selected patients with pharyngolaryngeal lesions suspicious for malignancy. For in‐office biopsy procedures, laryngeal cytology and direct laryngoscopy biopsy were performed, and diagnostic parameters and costs were estimated.ResultsEighty‐eight patients were selected for this study. For laryngeal cytology, sensitivity was 70.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 59.9% to 80.7%), specificity 100% with a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 50% (95% CI = 35.2% to 64.8%). In‐office biopsy sensitivity was 81% (95% CI = 72.6% to 89.3%), specificity 100% with a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 20% (95% CI = 2.5% to 37.5%). At our hospital, the use of in‐office biopsies as a first approach for diagnosis saves $50,140.80 U.S. per annum.ConclusionIn‐office biopsy is a more affordable technique that enables histologic diagnosis of pharyngolaryngeal lesions in a large percentage of patients. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 1483–1487, 2015
Prognostic significance of body mass index before treatment for head and neck cancer
Authors: Takenaka Yukinori , Takemoto Norihiko , Nakahara Susumu , Yamamoto Yoshifumi , Yasui Toshimichi , Hanamoto Atshushi , Fukusumi Takahito , Michiba Takahiro , Cho Hironori , Yamamoto Masashi , Inohara Hidenori 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatients with head and neck cancer frequently experience malnutrition. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of nutritional status on prognosis and its association with treatment modalities.MethodsThis retrospective study included 706 patients with head and neck cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2012. The effects of pretreatment body mass index (BMI) on overall survival were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression model.ResultsBMI ranged from 11.6 to 38.0 kg/m2 (median, 21.5) and was a prognostic factor for survival, independent of primary site, and tumor stage. The 5‐year survival rates for underweight, normal, and overweight groups were 32.2%, 62.7%, and 73.5%, respectively. The hazard ratios of BMI in the surgery, chemoradiation, and radiation groups were 0.95, 0.91, and 0.79, respectively, and the latter two were statistically significant.ConclusionThe impact of BMI is determined by the types of cancer treatment. Pretreatment BMI should be considered while deciding treatment. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: 1518–1523, 2015
Capitalizing on the daily time step of snow telemetry data to model the snowmelt components of the hydrograph for small watersheds
Authors: Fassnacht S. R. , Deitemeyer D. C. , Venable N. B. H. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractDaily time step data from National Resources Conservation Service snow telemetry (SNOTEL) stations were used to estimate components of the snowmelt‐dominated hydrograph for three small watersheds in Colorado and Wyoming. Thirty‐three years of SNOTEL data was paired with streamflow data to estimate the annual run‐off volume (Q100) and peak streamflow (Qpeak), as well as the timing of 20, 50, and 80% (tQ20, tQ50, and tQ80) of the annual streamflow. Multivariate regression models were derived from snow water equivalent (SWE) data for one basin (Joe Wright Creek), and the model components were then retained and applied to the other two watersheds. The basin‐specific coefficients developed for the Joe Wright model were also applied to the other two basins to evaluate direct transferability.Peak SWE, date of peak SWE, and number of consecutive days with snow on the ground up to the date of peak SWE had the strongest correlation to streamflow and formed the basis of the models. The optimal model configuration performed well for the tQ20, tQ50, and Q100, with poorer performance for Qpeak and tQ80. Applying the Joe Wright Creek coefficients directly to the other watersheds yielded reasonable results. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel ATR‐FTIR technique for identifying colloid composition in natural waters
Authors: McGuire Molly M. , Herman Ellen K. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractAlthough understanding colloid composition has been frequently cited as essential to predicting contaminant transport in natural waters, most current methods to collect and identify colloid composition chemically alter the colloids prior to analysis and fail to identify colloid mineralogy and organic components. This paper presents a new, low‐cost method employing attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR) to identify colloids including organic material in concentrated suspensions. The concentration method employing tangential ultrafiltration at a steady temperature prevents redistribution of dissolved phase and suspended sediments into the colloidal fraction through post‐sampling reactions. ATR‐FTIR allows for direct analysis of concentrated suspensions rather than requiring drying that may alter composition in the colloidal phase, for example, by precipitating carbonates in samples from karst waters. The ability of this technique to monitor variation in colloidal composition is demonstrated through the examination of colloids under two different flow conditions in a karst aquifer and the West Branch of the Susquehanna River in Central Pennsylvania. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bone morphogenetic protein Smads signaling in mesenchymal stem cells affected by osteoinductive calcium phosphate ceramics
Authors: Tang Zhurong , Wang Zhe , Qing Fangzhu , Ni Yilu , Fan Yujiang , Tan Yanfei , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: June 2014

AbstractPorous calcium phosphate ceramics (CaP ceramics) could induce ectopic bone formation which was regulated by various signal molecules. In this work, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on the surface of osteoinductive hydroxyapatite (HA) and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics in comparison with control (culture plate) for up to 14 days to detect the signal molecules which might be affected by the CaP ceramics. Without adding osteogenic factors, MSCs cultured on HA and BCP both expressed higher Runx2, Osterix, collagen type I, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin at various stages compared with control, thus confirmed the osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs. Later study demonstrated the messenger RNA level of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and BMP4 were also significantly enhanced by HA and BCP. Furthermore, Smad1, 4, 5, and Dlx5, the main molecules in the BMP/Smads signaling pathway, were upregulated by HA and BCP. Moreover, the higher expression of Smads and BMP2, 4 in BCP over HA, corresponded to the better performance of BCP in stimulating in vitro osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs. This was in accordance with the better osteoinductivity of BCP over HA in vivo. Altogether, these results implied that the CaP ceramics may initiate the osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs by influencing the expression of molecules in BMP/Smads pathway. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 1001–1010, 2015.
Morphogen and proinflammatory cytokine release kinetics from PRGF‐Endoret fibrin scaffolds: Evaluation of the effect of leukocyte inclusion
Authors: Anitua E. , Zalduendo M. M. , Prado R. , Alkhraisat M. H. , Orive G. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractThe potential influence of leukocyte incorporation in the kinetic release of growth factors from platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) may explain the conflicting efficiency of leukocyte platelet‐rich plasma (L‐PRP) scaffolds in tissue regeneration. To assess this hypothesis, leukocyte‐free (PRGF‐Endoret) and L‐PRP fibrin scaffolds were prepared, and both morphogen and proinflammatory cytokine release kinetics were analyzed. Clots were incubated with culture medium to monitor protein release over 8 days. Furthermore, the different fibrin scaffolds were morphologically characterized. Results show that leukocyte‐free fibrin matrices were homogenous while leukocyte‐containing ones were heterogeneous, loose and cellular. Leukocyte incorporation produced a significant increase in the contents of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐16 but not in the platelet‐derived growth factors release (<1.5‐fold). Surprisingly, the availability of vascular endothelial growth factor suffered an important decrease after 3 days of incubation in the case of L‐PRP matrices. While the release of proinflammatory cytokines was almost absent or very low from PRGF‐Endoret, the inclusion of leukocytes induced a major increase in these cytokines, which was characterized by the presence of a latent period. The PRGF‐Endoret matrices were stable during the 8 days of incubation. The inclusion of leukocytes alters the growth factors release profile and also increased the dose of proinflammatory cytokines. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 1011–1020, 2015.
Adsorption/Desorption of Pesticidal Carboxylate Esters by Switching Liquid Phases on Humic‐Fraction‐Modified Silica Gel Matrix
Authors: Hu Shun‐Wei , Chen Shushi 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA humic‐fraction‐modified silica gel is prepared and used as the adsorbent for various pesticidal carboxylate esters in hexane. The percentage of adsorption, calculated on the basis of the difference in peak areas for most carboxylate esters in hexane, reaches more than 90% in 1 h. The FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) Spectroscopy results show that the interaction force leading to the adsorption observed in hexane is dipole‐dipole oriented and is affected negatively both by the steric hindrance created due to the presence of the group near the carbonyl center of esters and the bulky alkyl group attached to an ether linkage. The hydrogen bonding (i.e. strong dipole‐dipole interaction) and π‐π stacking complexation are either absent or the minor force responsible for the adsorption of carboxylate esters in hexane in most cases. Other factors that cause the variation in the percentage of adsorption include the type of liquid phase (e.g. ethyl ether or acetonitrile vs. hexane) and the additive of acidic or basic origin present in the matrix, which renders the desorption approach for analyte adsorbed.
Pin1 Regulates Osteoclast Fusion Through Suppression of the Master Regulator of Cell Fusion DC‐STAMP
Authors: Islam Rabia , Bae Han‐Sol , Yoon Won‐Joon , Woo Kyung‐Mi , Baek Jeong‐Hwa , Kim Hong‐Hee , Uchida Takafumi , Ryoo Hyun‐Mo 
Published: June 2014

AbstractCell fusion is a fundamental biological event that is essential for the development of multinucleated cells such as osteoclasts. Fusion failure leads to the accumulation of dense bone such as in osteopetrosis, demonstrating the importance of fusion in osteoclast maturity and bone remodeling. In a recent study, we reported that Pin1 plays a role in the regulation of bone formation and Runx2 regulation. In this study, we explored the role of Pin1 in osteoclast formation and bone resorption. Pin1 null mice have low bone mass and increased TRAP staining in histological sections of long bones, compared to Pin1 wild‐type mice. In vitro osteoclast forming assays with bone marrow‐derived monocyte/macrophage revealed that Pin1‐deficient osteoclasts are larger than wild‐type osteoclasts and have higher nuclei numbers, indicating greater extent of fusion. Pin1 deficiency also highly enhanced foreign body giant cell formation both in vitro and in vivo. Among the known fusion proteins, only DC‐STAMP was significantly increased in Pin1−/− osteoclasts. Immunohistochemistry showed that DC‐STAMP expression was also significantly increased in tibial metaphysis of Pin1 KO mice. We found that Pin1 binds and isomerizes DC‐STAMP and affects its expression levels and localization at the plasma membrane. Taken together, our data indicate that Pin1 is a determinant of bone mass through the regulation of the osteoclast fusion protein DC‐STAMP. The identification of Pin1 as a factor involved in cell fusion contributes to the understanding of osteoclast‐associated diseases, including osteoporosis, and opens new avenues for therapeutic targets. J. Cell. Physiol. 229: 2166–2174, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Urotensin II inhibits arginine vasotocin and stimulates isotocin release from nerve endings in the pituitary of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)
Authors: Kalamarz‐Kubiak Hanna , Ashkenazi Iris Meiri , Kleszczyńska Agnieszka , Rosenfeld Hanna 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTThe aim of this in vitro study was to determine whether arginine vasotocin (AVT) and isotocin (IT) release from nerve endings is affected by urotensin II (UII) in gilthead sea bream pituitary. Primary cultures of pituitary cells were exposed to 10−12, 10−10, and 10−8 M UII for 6, 24, and 48 hr. AVT and IT contents were determined in the culture media by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). UII at all doses decreased AVT release after 6, 24, and 48 hr of incubation. IT release was increased by UII only after 24 hr of incubation. This study, for the first time, indicates that UII affects AVT and IT release from nerve endings in the pituitary of Sparus aurata. It is presumed that UII together with AVT and IT may control response to different salinities in fishes. J. Exp. Zool. 321A: 467–471, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spectral tuning in vertebrate short wavelength‐sensitive 1 (SWS1) visual pigments: Can wavelength sensitivity be inferred from sequence data?
Authors: Hauser Frances E. , van Hazel Ilke , Chang Belinda S. W. 
Published: June 2014

ABSTRACTThe molecular mechanisms underlying the enormous diversity of visual pigment wavelength sensitivities found in nature have been the focus of many molecular evolutionary studies, with particular attention to the short wavelength‐sensitive 1 (SWS1) visual pigments that mediate vision in the ultraviolet to violet range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Over a decade of study has revealed that the remarkable extension of SWS1 absorption maxima (λmax) into the ultraviolet occurs through a deprotonation of the Schiff base linkage of the retinal chromophore, a mechanism unique to this visual pigment type. In studies of visual ecology, there has been mounting interest in inferring visual sensitivity at short wavelengths, given the importance of UV signaling in courtship displays and other behaviors. Since experimentally determining spectral sensitivities can be both challenging and time‐consuming, alternative strategies such as estimating λmax based on amino acids at sites known to affect spectral tuning are becoming increasingly common. However, these estimates should be made with knowledge of the limitations inherent in these approaches. Here, we provide an overview of the current literature on SWS1 site‐directed mutagenesis spectral tuning studies, and discuss methodological caveats specific to the SWS1‐type pigments. We focus particular attention on contrasting avian and mammalian SWS1 spectral tuning mechanisms, which are the best studied among vertebrates. We find that avian SWS1 visual pigment spectral tuning mechanisms are fairly consistent, and therefore more predictable in terms of wavelength absorption maxima, whereas mammalian pigments are not well suited to predictions of λmax from sequence data alone. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 322B: 529–539, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Linking Individual Creativity to Organizational Innovation
Authors: Litchfield Robert C. , Ford Cameron M. , Gentry Richard J. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWe draw on 146 employee‐co‐worker‐supervisor triads from 146 organizations to examine the role of individual perspective‐taking and team creative environment in the association between individual creativity and organizational innovation. Adopting an interactionist perspective, we find that the link between individual creativity and organizational innovation is most clearly strengthened when individual perspective‐taking and team creative environment are both high. Neither individual perspective‐taking nor team creative environment alone moderated the relationship between creativity and innovation.