bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastric foreign body as a risk factor for gastric dilatation and volvulus in dogs
Authors: de Battisti Anna , Toscano Michael J. , Formaggini Luca 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate whether the presence of a gastric foreign body (gFB) is a significant risk factor for gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) in dogs and to quantify the change in likelihood of developing GDV associated with the presence of a gFB.
Design—Retrospective case-control study.
Animals—118 large- or giant-breed dogs treated surgically for an episode of GDV and 342 large- or giant-breed dogs (> 12 months old) that underwent abdominal surgery for reasons other than GDV.
Procedures—During exploratory celiotomy, all dogs underwent palpation and visual examination of the entire gastrointestinal tract. A foreign body was defined as nondigestible or slowly digestible material palpated during gastrointestinal tract examination that was causing clinical signs or was > 10 cm in length or > 2 cm in width.
Results—The incidence of gFBs was significantly higher in the group of dogs with GDV. The presence of a gFB, age, weight, and purebred status were significant risk factors for GDV. Odds ratios were calculated for gFB (OR, 4.920), age (OR, 1.157), weight (OR, 0.958) and purebred status (OR, 4.836).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Gastric foreign body was found to be a significant risk factor for GDV in dogs. The study findings suggested that a large- or giant-breed dog with a gFB was approximately 5 times as likely to develop GDV as a similar dog with no gFB. Results indicated that there was a strong correlation between gFB and GDV in dogs. However, further cohort studies are needed to determine whether there is a causal relationship between the presence of a gFB and the development of GDV in dogs.
Electrophysiological features in dogs with peripheral nerve sheath tumors: 51 cases (1993–2010)
Authors: le Chevoir Matthias , Thibaud Jean Laurent , Labruyère Julien , Uriarte Ane , De Fornel-Thibaud Pauline , Moissonnier Pierre , Delisle Françoise , Blot Stéphane 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Objective—To determine the electrophysiological changes in dogs with peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs), evaluate the prevalence of these changes, assess the correlation between spontaneous activity in epaxial muscles and proximal invasion by the tumor, and evaluate whether knowledge of electrophysiological changes could be helpful in the imaging diagnosis via CT or MRI.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—51 dogs with a histologic (n = 18) or a suspected (33) diagnosis of PNST.
Procedures—Clinical, postmortem, and histologic reports and details of electrodiagnostic procedures and CT or MRI reports were studied. Twenty-four CT and 6 MRI reports for dogs with PNSTs were reviewed by a single observer blinded to the diagnosis.
Results—Only 2 of the 51 dogs had no electrophysiological changes. The most commonly affected muscles were those innervated by the radial, ulnar, median, tibial-sciatic, and peroneal nerves. Abnormal spontaneous epaxial muscle activity was significantly more frequent in the group with foraminal or spinal invasion by the tumors. Knowledge of the electrophysiological changes increased diagnostic accuracy of CT.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that electrophysiological studies may be sensitive for the detection of PNST and helpful in the imaging diagnosis. Epaxial electromyographic abnormalities appeared to be predictive for intervertebral or vertebral canal invasion by PNSTs in dogs.
Discovertebral Erosions in Patients with Enteropathic Spondyloarthritis
Authors: PELUSO ROSARIO , DI MINNO MATTEO NICOLA DARIO , BRUNER VINCENZO , SOSCIA ERNESTO , CASTIGLIONE FABIANA , MANGUSO FRANCESCO , IERVOLINO SALVATORE , SCARPA RAFFAELE 
Published: October 2012

Objective.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the modality of choice for the diagnosis of spondyloarthropathy (SpA)-related spondylodiscitis, or discovertebral erosions (DE). Our aim was to analyze the prevalence and the clinical features of DE in patients with enteropathic SpA (EA) using MRI.Methods.We evaluated 72 patients with EA and 43 controls for the study. All patients and controls underwent rheumatological and gastroenterological clinical examinations, and demographic features were recorded. For each patient, these factors were also recorded: duration of inflammatory bowel disease and arthritis from onset to enrollment, history of viral and bacterial infections, and occurrence of previous major trauma to the spine. These scores were taken: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Harvey-Bradshaw Index, and the Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index. All subjects had MRI of the spine.Results.On the basis of inclusion criteria, 43 patients with EA were included in the study. Twenty-three had axial EA (axEA) and 20 had axial and peripheral subset EA (overlap subset or peripheral type 3; axphEA). Twenty-two patients with EA (15/7 axEA/axphEA) showed DE (30.55%; p < 0.001). DE was significantly more prevalent in axEA subjects than in the overlap subset (p < 0.001). In axEA, DE had a significant direct correlation with arthritis duration (r = 0.546, p = 0.007). Patients with DE showed BASDAI, BASMI, and BASFI scores significantly higher than patients without DE (p < 0.001).Conclusion.We found a high prevalence of DE among patients with EA (30.55%), confirming that DE is an important characteristic aspect of SpA. We found a high prevalence in patients in the axphEA subset (31.82%), suggesting that DE could be a characterizing feature of the overlap subset.
Effect of Rheumatologist Education on Systematic Measurements and Treatment Decisions in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Metrix Study
Authors: POPE JANET , THORNE CARTER , CIVIDINO ALFRED , LUCAS KURT 
Published: October 2012

Objective.To determine whether an educational intervention could result in changes in physicians’ practice behavior.Methods.Twenty rheumatologists performed a prospective chart audit of 50 consecutive patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and again after 6 months. Ten were randomized to the educational intervention: monthly Web-based conferences on the value of systematic assessments in RA, recent evidence-based information, practice efficiency, and other topics; this group also read articles on targeting care in RA. The others were randomized to no intervention.Results.One thousand serial RA charts were audited at baseline and 1000 at 6 months, with no between-group differences in patient characteristics: mean disease duration of 10 years; 77% women; 74% rheumatoid factor– positive; mean Disease Activity Score (DAS) 3.7; and 68% taking methotrexate, 14% taking steroids, and 27% taking biologics. At 6 months the intervention group collected more global assessments (patient global 53% preintervention vs 66% postintervention, and MD global 51% vs 60%; p < 0.05) and Health Assessment Questionnaires (37% vs 42%; p > 0.05; p = nonsignificant), whereas controls had no change in outcomes collected. For the intervention group there was a 32% increase in calculable composite scores [such as DAS, Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI), Clinical Disease Activity Index; p < 0.05] but no change in the controls. There was more targeting to a low disease state. For those with SDAI between 3.3 and 11, the percentage of patients receiving a change in therapy was 66% in the intervention group and 36% in controls (p < 0.05). When DAS was between 2.4 and 3.6, 57% of the intervention group and 38% of controls made changes to treatment (p < 0.05).Conclusion.Small-group learning with feedback from practice audits is an inexpensive way to improve outcomes in RA.
Repères économiques des secteurs culturels marchands en 2010
Authors: Deroin Valérie 
Published: October 2012

Résumé Les vingt-neuf secteurs statistiques qui forment le champ des entreprises marchandes de la culture regroupent environ 157 000 unités en 2010. Ces entreprises culturelles participent pour 5 % du nombre total des entreprises de l’économie marchande française et pour près de 3 % de la valeur ajoutée. Alors que ces secteurs d’activités sont essentiellement formés de petites entreprises de moins de 10 salariés, leurs résultats comptables affichent un poids prépondérant des entreprises moyennes ou grandes. La marge moyenne dégagée par l’ensemble des secteurs culturels est comparable à celle de tous les autres services marchands. Cependant, ces résultats dévoilent une variété de situations sectorielles, tant au niveau des structures que de leurs résultats commerciaux. Ainsi, les performances économiques des secteurs se traduisent très différemment selon la part des subventions ou celle des frais de personnel sur la valeur ajoutée dégagée.
Le voyage de Maximilien, empereur du Mexique, vers le Mexique en 1864, vu par le peintre Henri Zuber
Authors: Pétry François 
Published: October 2012

Pratiquant le dessin dès son jeune âge et formé de plus, à partir de l’âge de 18 ans, par un peintre de marine, le peintre Henri Zuber (1844-1909) vient occuper une place tout à fait singulière parmi les peintres d’histoire de l’actualité directe. Aspirant de vaisseau, il s’est trouvé sur la frégate « La Thémis » qui fut désignée par Napoléon III pour assurer l’escorte, depuis Trieste jusqu’à Veracruz, de Maximilien, archiduc d’Autriche devenu empereur du Mexique. Un ensemble de 27 dessins, récemment découverts, montre que Zuber a fourni un témoignage exceptionnel – unique en ce qui concerne l’illustration dessinée – de ce voyage maritime du couple impérial vers le Mexique. À bord de la « Novara », bateau impérial de Maximilien, il y a un autre témoin essentiel, Paula Gräfin Kollonitz : cette comtesse, dame de cour de l’impératrice Carlotta, tient de son côté un journal du voyage. Les deux témoignages, celui, littéraire, de la comtesse autrichienne, et le témoignage par le dessin d’Henri Zuber se complètent superbement et constituent une extraordinaire relation à deux voix
Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Is a Surface-Exposed Immune Evasion Protein That Binds Three Members of the Factor H Family and Plasminogen
Authors: Hallström Teresia , Mörgelin Matthias , Barthel Diana , Raguse Marina , Kunert Anja , Hoffmann Ralf , Skerka Christine , Zipfel Peter F. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes a wide range of diseases. To cross host innate immune barriers, P. aeruginosa has developed efficient strategies to escape host complement attack. In this study, we identify the 57-kDa dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (Lpd) as a surface-exposed protein of P. aeruginosa that binds the four human plasma proteins, Factor H, Factor H-like protein-1 (FHL-1), complement Factor H-related protein 1 (CFHR1), and plasminogen. Factor H contacts Lpd via short consensus repeats 7 and 18–20. Factor H, FHL-1, and plasminogen when bound to Lpd were functionally active. Factor H and FHL-1 displayed complement-regulatory activity, and bound plasminogen, when converted to the active protease plasmin, cleaved the chromogenic substrate S-2251 and the natural substrate fibrinogen. The lpd of P. aeruginosa is a rather conserved gene; a total of 22 synonymous and 3 nonsynonymous mutations was identified in the lpd gene of the 5 laboratory strains and 13 clinical isolates. Lpd is surface exposed and contributes to survival of P. aeruginosa in human serum. Bacterial survival was reduced when Lpd was blocked on the surface prior to challenge with human serum. Similarly, bacterial survival was reduced up to 84% when the bacteria was challenged with complement active serum depleted of Factor H, FHL-1, and CFHR1, demonstrating a protective role of the attached human regulators from complement attack. In summary, Lpd is a novel surface-exposed virulence factor of P. aeruginosa that binds Factor H, FHL-1, CFHR1, and plasminogen, and the Lpd-attached regulators are relevant for innate immune escape and most likely contribute to tissue invasion.
p27Kip1 Negatively Regulates the Magnitude and Persistence of CD4 T Cell Memory
Authors: Jatzek Anna , Tejera Melba Marie , Singh Anju , Sullivan Jeremy A. , Plisch Erin H. , Suresh M. 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Much is known about the differentiation of naive T cells into distinct lineages of effector cells, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation and maintenance of CD4 T cell memory are poorly characterized. Our studies ascribe a novel role for the cell cycle regulator p27Kip1 as a prominent negative regulator of the establishment and long-term maintenance of Th1 CD4 T cell memory. We demonstrate that p27Kip1 might restrict the differentiation and survival of memory precursors by increasing the T-bet/Bcl-6 ratio in effector CD4 T cells. By promoting apoptosis and contraction of effector CD4 T cells by mechanisms that are at least in part T cell intrinsic, p27Kip1 markedly limits the abundance of memory CD4 T cells. Furthermore, we causally link p27Kip1-dependent apoptosis to the decay of CD4 T cell memory, possibly by repressing the expression of γ-chain receptors and the downstream effector of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, Tcf-1. We extend these findings by showing that the antagonistic effects of p27Kip1 on CD4 T cell memory require its cyclin-dependent kinase-binding domain. Collectively, these findings provide key insights into the mechanisms underlying the governance of peripheral CD4 T cell homeostasis and identify p27Kip1 as a target to enhance vaccine-induced CD4 T cell memory.
Inflammasome-Dependent IFN-γ Drives Pathogenesis inStreptococcus pneumoniaeMeningitis
Authors: Mitchell Andrew J. , Yau Belinda , McQuillan James A. , Ball Helen J. , Too Lay Khoon , Abtin Arby , Hertzog Paul , Leib Stephen L. , Jones Cheryl A. , Gerega Sebastien K. , Weninger Wolfgang , Hunt Nicholas H. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe pathology associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis results largely from activation of immune-associated pathways. We systematically investigated the production of IFN subtypes, as well as their influence on pathology, in a mouse model of S. pneumoniae meningitis. Despite the occurrence of a mixed IFN type I/II gene signature, no evidence for production or involvement of type I IFNs in disease progression was found. In contrast, type II IFN (IFN-γ) was strongly induced, and IFN-γ−/− mice were significantly protected from severe disease. Using intracellular cytokine staining and targeted cell-depletion approaches, NK cells were found to be the dominant source of IFN-γ. Furthermore, production of IFN-γ was found to be dependent upon ASC and IL-18, indicating that an ASC-dependent inflammasome pathway was responsible for mediating IFN-γ induction. The influence of IFN-γ gene deletion on a range of processes known to be involved in bacterial meningitis pathogenesis was examined. Although neutrophil numbers in the brain were similar in infected wild-type and IFN-γ−/− mice, both monocyte recruitment and CCL2 production were less in infected IFN-γ−/− mice compared with infected wild-type controls. Additionally, gene expression of NO synthase was strongly diminished in infected IFN-γ−/− mice compared with infected controls. Finally, bacterial clearance was enhanced in IFN-γ−/− mice, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Together, these data suggest that inflammasome-dependent IFN-γ contributes via multiple pathways to pathology during S. pneumoniae meningitis.
CCR2+CCR5+ T Cells Produce Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Osteopontin in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Sato Wakiro , Tomita Atsuko , Ichikawa Daijyu , Lin Youwei , Kishida Hitaru , Miyake Sachiko , Ogawa Masafumi , Okamoto Tomoko , Murata Miho , Kuroiwa Yoshiyuki , Aranami Toshimasa , Yamamura Takashi 
Published: October 2012

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the CNS that is presumably mediated by CD4+ autoimmune T cells. Although both Th1 and Th17 cells have the potential to cause inflammatory CNS pathology in rodents, the identity of pathogenic T cells remains unclear in human MS. Given that each Th cell subset preferentially expresses specific chemokine receptors, we were interested to know whether T cells defined by a particular chemokine receptor profile play an active role in the pathogenesis of MS. In this article, we report that CCR2+CCR5+ T cells constitute a unique population selectively enriched in the cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients during relapse but not in patients with other neurologic diseases. After polyclonal stimulation, the CCR2+CCR5+ T cells exhibited a distinct ability to produce matrix metalloproteinase-9 and osteopontin, which are involved in the CNS pathology of MS. Furthermore, after TCR stimulation, the CCR2+CCR5+ T cells showed a higher invasive potential across an in vitro blood–brain barrier model compared with other T cells. Of note, the CCR2+CCR5+ T cells from MS patients in relapse are reactive to myelin basic protein, as assessed by production of IFN-γ. We also demonstrated that the CCR6−, but not the CCR6+, population within CCR2+CCR5+ T cells was highly enriched in the cerebrospinal fluid during MS relapse (p &lt; 0.0005) and expressed higher levels of IFN-γ and matrix metalloproteinase-9. Taken together, we propose that autoimmune CCR2+CCR5+CCR6− Th1 cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of MS.
Effects of Vertical Motion of the Centre of Mass on Walking Efficiency in the Early Stages after Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Nankaku Manabu , Akiyama Haruhiko , Kanzaki Hideto , Kakinoki Ryosuke 
Published: October 2012

Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to walking efficiency in the early postoperative period of total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods The subjects of this study were 18 women who had undergone unilateral THA 4 weeks before and 18 healthy women as control. Using a force plate and a 3-D motion analyser, we measured: 1) gait speed, stride length, cadence; 2) centre of mass displacement in the three directions; 3) asymmetry of the centre of mass movement in vertical direction; and 4) the total internal work per unit mass and distance walked (a negative index of walking efficiency). Results Compared with healthy persons, THA patients showed significantly greater total internal work per unit mass and distance walked. The vertical centre of mass motion of the THA patients demonstrated an asymmetrical pattern. In THA patients, the stepwise multiple regression analysis selected the displacement and the asymmetrical vertical motion of centre of mass as the sole significant variable affecting walking efficiency (R2 = 0.81). Conclusions Our findings indicated that rehabilitation programs that control the vertical movement of the centre of mass during gait are important to improve walking ability in the early post-operative phase after THA.
In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Different Self-Etch Adhesives
Authors: Poggio Claudio , Arciola Carla Renata , Cepurnykh Sergey , Chiesa Marco , Scribante Andrea , Selan Laura , Imbriani Marcello , Visai Livia 
Published: October 2012

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity of different self-etch adhesives by means of the agar disc diffusion test. Methods Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mutans strains were selected to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of various self-etch adhesives (Futurabond NR, G-aenial Bond, Adper™ Easy Bond Self-Etch Adhesive, Clearfil Protect Bond, One Coat 7.0, Clearfil S3 Bond, Clearfil SE Bond) using the agar disc diffusion test; 0.2% Chlorexidine digluconate was used as control. Paper disks were saturated with 10 μL of each adhesive system and placed onto culture agar plates pre-adsorbed with bacterial cells and further incubated for 24 h at 37°C. The growth inhibition zones around each adhesive were recorded and compared for each bacterial strain. Results The test results of the various self-etch adhesives were significantly different. Conclusions The results of the present investigation showed that the addition of MDPB monomer to an adhesive system enhances its antibacterial effect against S. salivarius, S. sanguis and S. mutans.
Results of Targeted Therapies for M1 Renal Cell Carcinoma: Our Experience
Authors: Legramanti Stefano , Antonelli Alessandro , Ferrari Vittorio , Arrighi Nicola , Corti Serena , Zanotelli Tiziano , Cozzoli Alberto , Cunico Sergio Cosciani , Simeone Claudio 
Published: October 2012

Introduction Since a few years ago no effective medical therapies were available to cure metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Nowadays, encouraging preliminary results support some new therapeutic agents, collectively named as targeted therapies (TT).. This paper reviews our experience with the use of TT in the setting of RCC with metastasis at the diagnosis. Material and Methods Retrospective evaluation of the data of 24 patients (7 females, 17 males, median age: 59aa) affected by clear cell RCC with distant metastatis at diagnosis, treated with TT from 2005 to 2012.20 of the 24 patients (83,3%) underwent preliminary cytoreductive nephrectomy, whereas for the others a percutaneous biopsy of the renal tumor was obtained. 5 (20.8%) patients received an immunotherapy with IL-2 or IFN and then a TT due to a progression., Schedules were applied following heterogeneous regimens along the period of data collection (randomized clinical trial, expanded access, standard indication). Response has been evaluated by RECIST criteria. Results As first-line therapy of TT 18 patients received Sunitinib, 4 Sorafenib, 2 Temsirolimus; 11 received a second-line (8 Sorafenib, 2 Sunitinib, 1 Everolimus); 6 received also a third-line (5 Everolimus, 1 Tensirolimus). At last available control, after a mean follow up time of 13,7 months (1–29) a progressive disease was present in 12 cases (50%), a stable disease in 6 (25%), a reduction of the disease in 4 (16.5%); 7 patients (29.5%) died; overall mean survival of the entire group was 14,7 months. Even if the study suffers from the limitations related to the small number of cases and the retrospective design, seems that no factors played a role in determining the response to theraphy. Conclusions The results of TT in clinical practice resemble the ones from randomised clinical trials. It's extremely hard to predict the response to treatment.