bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses' perceptions of working with families in the paediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Butler Ashleigh , Willetts Georgina , Copnell Beverley 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundResearch exploring nurses' experiences working with families in paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is limited. No studies have been undertaken in a mixed adult‐paediatric ICU.ObjectivesTo explore nurses' perceptions of working with families of critically ill children in a mixed adult‐paediatric intensive care unit (ICU).DesignDescriptive qualitative design.MethodologyFive PICU nurses participated in semi‐structured interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Trustworthiness was enhanced using an audit trail, member checks and peer review of all data.ResultsThree main themes and one overarching theme emerged. Role confusion and delineation examined the roles which nurses ascribed to themselves and the families; and demonstrated the conflict which could arise if roles were challenged. Information sharing demonstrated the positive and negative ways in which nurses utilized information with families in their daily practice. The contextual environment of the PICU scrutinized the physical, cultural and institutional factors which impacted on the nurses' ability to work with families in the PICU. Finally, the overarching theme Competing values explores the interplay between the nurses' personal values and those of the PICU and the institution.ConclusionsWorking with families in a mixed adult‐paediatric ICU is influenced by multiple personal and institutional factors. The value placed on families and on the time nurses spent with them often competed for priority with nurses' other values and the wider culture of the PICU. The potential for role confusion, the management of information and the physical environment of the PICU further contributed to variability in nurses' working with families.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results highlighted a need for education for both nurses and medical staff who work with families of critically ill children. Additionally, the need for each PICU to have a written policy on family presence and participation is crucial to guide practice and maintain continuity of care.
Burkitt lymphoma with unusual presentation: Acute pancreatitis
Authors: Koca Tugba , Aslan Nagehan , Dereci Selim , Akcam Mustafa 
Published: May 2015

AbstractPancreatitis due to malignant infiltration is an uncommon condition in childhood. Pancreatic lymphomas constitute <2% of all non‐Hodgkin lymphomas. Only six reported cases with various clinical presentation have been documented in the literature. Described herein is the case of a nine‐year‐old boy with abdominal pain, jaundice, emesis, weight loss, diarrhea, who developed hyperlipidemia and cholestasis. Pancreatitis was suspected due to high amylase and lipase. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed diffuse enlargement of the pancreas. This sausage pancreas imaging was suggestive of autoimmune pancreatitis, but the patient was diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma on bone marrow aspiration, and rapidly improved with chemotherapy. Burkitt lymphoma should be kept in mind when patients present with pancreatitis, especially with diffuse enlarged pancreas.
New‐onset diabetes mellitus after pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Regelmann Molly O. , Goldis Marina , Arnon Ronen 
Published: May 2015

AbstractIn the first five yr after liver transplant, approximately one in 10 pediatric recipients will develop NODAT. Factors associated with higher risk for NODAT have been difficult to identify due to lack of uniformity in reporting and data collection. Limited studies have reported higher risk in those who are at an older age at transplant, those with high‐risk ethnic backgrounds, and in those with particular underlying conditions, such as CF and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Immunosuppressive medications, including tacrolimus, cyclosporine A, GC, and sirolimus, have been implicated as contributing to NODAT, to varying degrees. Identifying those at highest risk, appropriately screening, and diagnosing NODAT is critical to initiating timely treatment and avoiding potential complications. In the pediatric population, treatment is limited primarily to insulin, with some consideration for metformin. Children with NODAT should be monitored carefully for complications of DM, including microalbuminuria, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and retinopathy.
A nuclear‐encoded chloroplast‐targeted S1 RNA‐binding domain protein affects chloroplast rRNA processing and is crucial for the normal growth of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Han Ji Hoon , Lee Kwanuk , Lee Kwang Ho , Jung Sunyo , Jeon Young , Pai Hyun‐Sook , Kang Hunseung 
Published: May 2015

SummaryDespite the fact that a variety of nuclear‐encoded RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) are targeted to the chloroplast and play essential roles during post‐transcriptional RNA metabolism in the chloroplast, the physiological roles of the majority of chloroplast‐targeted RBPs remain elusive. Here, we investigated the functional role of a nuclear‐encoded S1 domain‐containing RBP, designated SDP, in the growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana. Confocal analysis of the SDP‐green fluorescent protein revealed that SDP was localized to the chloroplast. The loss‐of‐function sdp mutant displayed retarded seed germination and pale‐green phenotypes, and grew smaller than the wild‐type plants. Chlorophyll a content and photosynthetic activity of the sdp mutant were much lower than those of wild‐type plants, and the structures of the chloroplast and the prolamellar body were abnormal in the sdp mutant. The processing of rRNAs in the chloroplast was defective in the sdp mutant, and SDP was able to bind chloroplast 23S, 16S, 5S and 4.5S rRNAs. Notably, SDP possesses RNA chaperone activity. Transcript levels of the nuclear genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis were altered in the sdp mutant. Collectively, these results suggest that chloroplast‐targeted SDP harboring RNA chaperone activity affects rRNA processing, chloroplast biogenesis and photosynthetic activity, which is crucial for normal growth of Arabidopsis.
Chromatin dynamics during cellular differentiation in the female reproductive lineage of flowering plants
Authors: Baroux Célia , Autran Daphné 
Published: May 2015

SummarySexual reproduction in flowering plants offers a number of remarkable aspects to developmental biologists. First, the spore mother cells – precursors of the plant reproductive lineage – are specified late in development, as opposed to precocious germline isolation during embryogenesis in most animals. Second, unlike in most animals where meiosis directly produces gametes, plant meiosis entails the differentiation of a multicellular, haploid gametophyte, within which gametic as well as non‐gametic accessory cells are formed. These observations raise the question of the factors inducing and modus operandi of cell fate transitions that originate in floral tissues and gametophytes, respectively. Cell fate transitions in the reproductive lineage imply cellular reprogramming operating at the physiological, cytological and transcriptome level, but also at the chromatin level. A number of observations point to large‐scale chromatin reorganization events associated with cellular differentiation of the female spore mother cells and of the female gametes. These include a reorganization of the heterochromatin compartment, the genome‐wide alteration of the histone modification landscape, and the remodeling of nucleosome composition. The dynamic expression of DNA methyltransferases and actors of small RNA pathways also suggest additional, global epigenetic alterations that remain to be characterized. Are these events a cause or a consequence of cellular differentiation, and how do they contribute to cell fate transition? Does chromatin dynamics induce competence for immediate cellular functions (meiosis, fertilization), or does it also contribute long‐term effects in cellular identity and developmental competence of the reproductive lineage? This review attempts to review these fascinating questions.
Complex interactions among residues within pore region determine the K+ dependence of a KAT1‐type potassium channel AmKAT1
Authors: Yang Guangzhe , Sentenac Hervé , Véry Anne‐Aliénor , Su Yanhua 
Published: May 2015

SummaryKAT1‐type channels mediate K+ influx into guard cells that enables stomatal opening. In this study, a KAT1‐type channel AmKAT1 was cloned from the xerophyte Ammopiptanthus mongolicus. In contrast to most KAT1‐type channels, its activation is strongly dependent on external K+ concentration, so it can be used as a model to explore the mechanism for the K+‐dependent gating of KAT1‐type channels. Domain swapping between AmKAT1 and KAT1 reveals that the S5–pore–S6 region controls the K+ dependence of AmKAT1, and residue substitutions show that multiple residues within the S5–Pore linker and Pore are involved in its K+‐dependent gating. Importantly, complex interactions occur among these residues, and it is these interactions that determine its K+ dependence. Finally, we analyzed the potential mechanism for the K+ dependence of AmKAT1, which could originate from the requirement of K+ occupancy in the selectivity filter to maintain its conductive conformation. These results provide new insights into the molecular basis of the K+‐dependent gating of KAT1‐type channels.
Validity of a Self-Report Recall Tool for Estimating Sedentary Behavior in Adults
Authors: Gomersall Sjaan R. , Pavey Toby G. , Clark Bronwyn K. , Jasman Adib , Brown Wendy J. 
Published: May 2015

Background:Sedentary behavior is continuing to emerge as an important target for health promotion. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of a self-report use of time recall tool, the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adults (MARCA) in estimating time spent sitting/lying, compared with a device-based measure.Methods:Fifty-eight participants (48% female, [mean ± standard deviation] 28 ± 7.4 years of age, 23.9 ± 3.05 kg/m2) wore an activPAL device for 24-h and the following day completed the MARCA. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were used to analyze convergent validity of the adult MARCA compared with activPAL estimates of total sitting/lying time. Agreement was examined using Bland-Altman plots.Results:According to activPAL estimates, participants spent 10.4 hr/day [standard deviation (SD) = 2.06] sitting or lying down while awake. The correlation between MARCA and activPAL estimates of total sit/lie time was r = .77 (95% confidence interval = 0.64–0.86; P < .001). Bland-Altman analyses revealed a mean bias of +0.59 hr/day with moderately wide limits of agreement (–2.35 hr to +3.53 hr/day).Conclusions:This study found a moderate to strong agreement between the adult MARCA and the activPAL, suggesting that the MARCA is an appropriate tool for the measurement of time spent sitting or lying down in an adult population.
The shape and structure of cometary nuclei as a result of low-velocity accretion
Authors: Jutzi M. , Asphaug E. 
Published: May 2015

Collisions give comets their shape
The shape and structure of comets are relicts of collision processes from long ago. Despite recent and ongoing spacecraft missions that offer direct measurements of cometary nuclei, it is difficult to test what is important in comet shaping. Jutzi and Asphaug ran ∼100 three-dimensional collision simulations across a wide range of target and impactor masses and trajectories. Slow and less violent collisions produced the layering and bi-lobed shapes of actual comets.

Science
, this issue p.
1355
Draft Genome Sequence of the Archiascomycetous Yeast
Saitoella complicata
Authors: Yamauchi Kenta , Kondo Shinji , Hamamoto Makiko , Takahashi Yurika , Ogura Yoshitoshi , Hayashi Tetsuya , Nishida Hiromi 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

The draft genome sequence of the archiasomycetous yeast
Saitoella complicata
was determined. The assembly of newly and previously sequenced data sets resulted in 104 contigs (total of 14.1 Mbp;
N
50
, 239 kbp). On the newly assembled genome, a total of 6,933 protein-coding sequences (7,119 transcripts, including alternative splicing forms) were identified.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Vibrio
sp. Strain Vb278, an Antagonistic Bacterium Isolated from the Marine Sponge
Sarcotragus spinosulus
Authors: Gonçalves Ana C. S. , Franco Telma , Califano Gianmaria , Dowd Scot E. , Pohnert Georg , Costa Rodrigo 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequence of
Vibrio
sp. Vb278, a biofilm-producing strain isolated from the marine sponge
Sarcotragus spinosulus
, showing
in vitro
antibacterial activity. The annotated genome displays a range of symbiotic factors and the potential for the biosynthesis of several biologically active natural products.
Draft Genome Sequence of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 NCCP15739, Isolated in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Kwon Taesoo , Cho Seung-Hak 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Enterohemorrhagic
Escherichia coli
(EHEC) is the main cause of the recent outbreaks of diarrhea, hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), and hemorrhagic colitis worldwide. Herein, we present the draft genome sequence of the NCCP15739 isolate from a patient in the Republic of Korea.
Complete Genome Sequence of Microcystis aeruginosa NIES-2549, a Bloom-Forming Cyanobacterium from Lake Kasumigaura, Japan
Authors: Yamaguchi Haruyo , Suzuki Shigekatsu , Tanabe Yuuhiko , Osana Yasunori , Shimura Yohei , Ishida Ken-ichiro , Kawachi Masanobu 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Microcystis aeruginosa
NIES-2549 is a freshwater bloom-forming cyanobacterium isolated from Lake Kasumigaura, Japan. We report the complete 4.29-Mbp genome sequence of NIES-2549 and its annotation and discuss the genetic diversity of
M. aeruginosa
strains. This is the third genome sequence of
M. aeruginosa
isolated from Lake Kasumigaura.
Complete Genome Sequence of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strain CI5
Authors: Mehershahi Kurosh S. , Abraham Soman N. , Chen Swaine L. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli
represents the primary etiological agent responsible for urinary tract infections, one of the most common infections in humans. We report here the complete genome sequence of uropathogenic
Escherichia coli
strain CI5, a clinical pyelonephritis isolate used for studying pathogenesis.
Complete Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma synoviae Strain WVU 1853
T
Authors: May Meghan A. , Kutish Gerald F. , Barbet Anthony F. , Michaels Dina L. , Brown Daniel R. 
Published: May 2015

ABSTRACT

A hybrid sequence assembly of the complete
Mycoplasma synoviae
type strain WVU 1853
T
genome was compared to that of strain MS53. The findings support prior conclusions about
M. synoviae
, based on the genome of that otherwise uncharacterized field strain, and provide the first evidence of epigenetic modifications in
M. synoviae
.
Diagnosis and treatment of chlamydia and gonorrhoea in general practice in England 2000–2011: a population-based study using data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Authors: Wetten Sally , Mohammed Hamish , Yung Mandy , Mercer Catherine H , Cassell Jackie A , Hughes Gwenda 
Published: May 2015

ObjectivesTo determine the relative contribution of general practices (GPs) to the diagnosis of chlamydia and gonorrhoea in England and whether treatment complied with national guidelines.DesignAnalysis of longitudinal electronic health records in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and national sexually transmitted infection (STI) surveillance databases, England, 2000–2011.SettingGPs, and community and specialist STI services.ParticipantsPatients diagnosed with chlamydia (n=1 386 169) and gonorrhoea (n=232 720) at CPRD GPs, and community and specialist STI Services from 2000–2011.Main outcome measuresNumbers and rates of chlamydia and gonorrhoea diagnoses; percentages of patients diagnosed by GPs relative to other services; percentage of GP patients treated and antimicrobials used; percentage of GP patients referred.ResultsThe diagnosis rate (95% CI) per 100 000 population of chlamydia in GP increased from 22.8 (22.4–23.2) in 2000 to 29.3 (28.8–29.7) in 2011 (p<0.001), while the proportion treated increased from 59.5% to 78.4% (p=0.001). Over 90% were prescribed a recommended antimicrobial. Over the same period, the diagnosis rate (95% CI) per 100 000 population of gonorrhoea in GP ranged between 3.2 (3–3.3) and 2.4 (2.2–2.5; p=0.607), and the proportion treated ranged between 32.7% and 53.6% (p=0.262). Despite being discontinued as a recommended therapy for gonorrhoea in 2005, ciprofloxacin accounted for 42% of prescriptions in 2007 and 20% in 2011. Over the study period, GPs diagnosed between 9% and 16% of chlamydia cases and between 6% and 9% of gonorrhoea cases in England.ConclusionsGP makes an important contribution to the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial STIs in England. While most patients diagnosed with chlamydia were managed appropriately, many of those treated for gonorrhoea received antimicrobials no longer recommended for use. Given the global threat of antimicrobial resistance, GPs should remain abreast of national treatment guidelines and alert to treatment failure in their patients.
Comparing the impact of personal and parental risk factors, and parental lifespan on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease: findings from the Midspan Family cohort study
Authors: Hart Carole , McCartney Gerry , Gruer Laurence , Watt Graham 
Published: May 2015

BackgroundWe aimed to identify which personal and parental factors best explained all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD).MethodsIn 1996, data were collected on 2338 adult offspring of the participants in the 1972–1976 Renfrew and Paisley prospective cohort study. Recorded risk factors were assigned to 5 groups: mid-life biological and behavioural (BB), mid-life socioeconomic, parental BB, early-life socioeconomic and parental lifespan. Participants were followed up for mortality and hospital admissions to the end of 2011. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyse how well each group explained all-cause mortality or CVD. Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), a measure of goodness-of-fit, identified the most important groups.ResultsFor all-cause mortality (1997 participants with complete data, 111 deaths), decreases in AIC from the null model (adjusting for age and sex) to models including mid-life BB, mid-life socioeconomic, parental BB, early-life socioeconomic and parental lifespan were 55.8, 21.6, 10.3, 7.3 and 5.9, respectively. For the CVD models (1736 participants, 276 with CVD), decreases were 37.8, 3.7, 6.7, 17.3 and 0.4. Mid-life BB factors were the most important for both all-cause mortality and CVD; mid-life socioeconomic factors were important for all-cause mortality, and early-life socioeconomic factors were important for CVD. Parental lifespan was the weakest factor.ConclusionsAs mid-life BB risk factors best explained all-cause mortality and CVD, continued action to reduce these is warranted. Targeting adverse socioeconomic factors in mid-life and early life may contribute to reducing all-cause mortality and CVD risk, respectively.
Return to Rodinia? Moderate to high palaeolatitude of the São Francisco/Congo craton at 920 Ma
Authors: Evans D. A. D. , Trindade R. I. F. , Catelani E. L. , D'Agrella-Filho M. S. , Heaman L. M. , Oliveira E. P. , Söderlund U. , Ernst R. E. , Smirnov A. V. , Salminen J. M. 
Published: May 2015

Abstract

Moderate to high palaeolatitudes recorded in mafic dykes, exposed along the coast of Bahia, Brazil, are partly responsible for some interpretations that the São Francisco/Congo craton was separate from the low-latitude Rodinia supercontinent at about 1050 Ma. We report new palaeomagnetic data that replicate the previous results. However, we obtain substantially younger U–Pb baddeleyite ages from five dykes previously thought to be 1.02–1.01 Ga according to the
40
Ar/
39
Ar method. Specifically, the so-called ‘A-normal’ remanence direction from Salvador is dated at 924.2±3.8 Ma, within error of the age for the ‘C’ remanence direction at 921.5±4.3 Ma. An ‘A-normal’ dyke at Ilhéus is dated at 926.1±4.6 Ma, and two ‘A-normal’ dykes at Olivença have indistinguishable ages with best estimate of emplacement at 918.2±6.7 Ma. We attribute the palaeomagnetic variance of the ‘A-normal’ and ‘C’ directions to lack of averaging of geomagnetic palaeosecular variation in some regions. Our results render previous
40
Ar/
39
Ar ages from the dykes suspect, leaving late Mesoproterozoic palaeolatitudes of the São Francisco/Congo craton unconstrained. The combined ‘A-normal’ palaeomagnetic pole from coastal Bahia places the São Francisco/Congo craton in moderate to high palaeolatitudes at
c.
920 Ma, allowing various possible positions of that block within Rodinia.
Palaeomagnetism and U–Pb geochronology of
c.
1570 Ma intrusives from Åland archipelago, SW Finland – implications for Nuna
Authors: Salminen Johanna M. , Klein Robert , Mertanen Satu , Pesonen Lauri J. , Fröjdö Sören , Mänttäri Irmeli , Eklund Olav 
Published: May 2015

Abstract
We report new palaeomagnetic and isotope age data of Early Mesoproterozoic (i.e. Subjotnian) intrusions from the Åland archipelago, SW Finland. The palaeomagnetic results reveal dual-polarity magnetizations with a pronounced reversal asymmetry occurring in dykes. We explain the asymmetry by an unremoved secondary component, which is affecting more N-polarity dykes. Other explanations, such as the age difference of magnetization between normal and reversed polarity dykes, are discussed. The primary nature of magnetization in dykes for both normal (N) and reversed (R) groups is verified by positive baked contact tests. A dyke showing reversed polarity from Korsö is dated 1575.9±3.0 Ma (U–Pb) in this study. This and previous U–Pb data tighten the magmatic activity in Åland to 1580–1570 Ma. We combined new palaeomagnetic data with those from earlier studies to provide a new key-palaeomagnetic pole for Baltica. Our data positions Baltica on equatorial latitudes, supporting the NENA (North Europe–North America) connection between Baltica and Laurentia at 1.59–1.58 Ga. Palaeomagnetic data support that NENA was valid at 1.75, 1.58, 1.46, and 1.26 Ga, forming the core of Mesoproterozoic Nuna (a.k.a. Columbia) supercontinent.