bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induced-Fit Molecular Recognition of Alkyl Chains in p-tert-Butylcalix[5]arene in the Solid State
Authors: Kajiki Yasunori , Sekiya Ryo , Yamasaki Yutaro , Uemura Yuichiro , Haino Takeharu 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
p-tert-Butylcalix[5]arene 1 recognized conformationally flexible aliphatic hydrocarbons (hexane 2, heptane 3, octane 4, nonane 5, decane 6, undecane 7, and dodecane 8) and monoalkyl benzenes (toluene 10, ethylbenzene 11, propylbenzene 12, butylbenzene 13, hexylbenzene 14, and octylbenzne 15) to form host–guest complexes. X-ray diffraction study has revealed that the alkyl chains of 11–15 were selectively recognized by 1, whereas host 1 recognized the aromatic ring of 10. The alkyl chain termini of 3, 4, 6–8, 11–13, and 15 adopted unusual folded conformations in the cavity. M06-2X/6-31G(d,p) level of calculations revealed that the mutual induced-fit shape adjustments between the calix[5]arene cavity and the flexible guests play a key role in maximizing the host–guest interactions directed by the C(sp3)–H/π interactions, leading to the unusual conformations of the alkyl chain termini of the guests and the selective binding of the alkyl chains in the solid state.
Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase activity: more accurate predictor for ribavirin-induced anemia in hepatitis C infected patients than ITPA genotype
Authors: Peltenburg Nicole Chantal , Bakker Jaap A. , Vroemen Wim H.M. , de Knegt Robert J. , Leers Mathie P.G. , Bierau Jörgen , Verbon Annelies 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn a cohort of 106 HCV patients, hemoglobin (Hb) values were evaluated after 4 weeks (TAfter 4 weeks of treatment, 78% of the patients with normal ITPase activity were anemic and 21% of the patients with low ITPase activity (p<0.001). Stratified by genotype, the percentages of anemic patients were: wt/wt 76%, wt/c.124+21A>C 46% (p=0.068), and wt/c.94C>A 29% (p=0.021). At TThis study is the first to report that ITPase activity predicts the development of anemia during ribavirin treatment. ITPase activity and
Morava K(s)*-rings of the extensions of Cp by the products of good groups under diagonal action
Authors: Bakuradze Malkhaz 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis note provides a theorem on good groups in the sense of Hopkins–Kuhn–Ravenel [J. Amer. Math. Soc. 13 (2000), no. 3, 553–594] and some relevant examples.
Disordered eating and body image issues and their associated factors among adolescents in urban secondary schools in Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Cheah Whye Lian , Hazmi Helmy , Chang Ching Thon 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Eating disorders are common health issues among the adolescents. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of eating disorders and their relationship with body mass index, body part satisfaction and perception on body weight among urban secondary school children. It was a cross-sectional study conducted in Kuching, Sarawak. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire that consist of the Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26), perception on body part satisfaction and body weight, and anthropometric measurement. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 22. A total of 329 respondents participated in this study with 59% females and 60.5% Malays. There were 14.3% of the respondents overweight and obese, with higher percentage among males (19.3%). About 18.5% of the respondents were found to be at risk of eating disorders with higher prevalence among males (19.3%). More females reported to have higher prevalence of body part dissatisfaction (46.9%) and body weight (37.6%) compared to males (40%, 28.1%). The statistical results indicated there were significant associations between EAT-26 and body mass index (BMI) (p=0.039), body part satisfaction (p=0.004), and perception of body weight (p=0.038). Eating disorders are becoming more prevalent amongst adolescents, particularly among males. As eating disorder are strongly associated with adolescent mental and physical health, intervention programme on their developmental challenges and issues for both males and females should be in place particularly in the school education syllabus.
Media exposure, interactive health literacy, and adolescents’ susceptibility to future smoking
Authors: Sudo Akira , Kuroda Yoshiki 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background:
Few studies have investigated interactive health literacy (IHL)’s relationship with adolescents’ smoking-related behavior. This study investigated IHL’s association with adolescents’ susceptibility to future smoking.

Materials and methods:
We conducted a school-based cross-sectional study of Japanese students enrolled in public junior high school, grades 7–9 (n=1937), who completed a self-report questionnaire. Variables were grade, gender, media exposure [television (TV), internet, and magazines], IHL (interest in learning about health, understanding what they hear about health, trying to follow what is taught about health), and susceptibility to future smoking.

Results:
Significant findings were: [1] media exposure was positively associated with adolescents’ susceptibility to future smoking (TV: p<0.01, internet: p<0.01, magazines: p<0.01); [2] IHL was negatively associated with adolescents’ susceptibility to future smoking (interest in learning about health: p<0.001; understanding what they hear about health: p<0.05; trying to follow what is taught about health: p<0.001). IHL’s influence on susceptibility to future smoking was found to be marginally stronger than that of media exposure.

Conclusion:
School health-education programs that promote adolescents’ IHL may effectively reduce adolescents’ susceptibility to future smoking.
Racial/ethnic disparity in obesity among US youth, 1999–2013
Authors: An Ruopeng 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background:
One fundamental goal in the Healthy People 2020 is to achieve health equity and eliminate disparities.

Objective:
To examine the annual trends in racial/ethnic disparity in obesity among US youth from 1999 to 2013.

Subjects:
Nationally representative sample of 108,811 students in grades 9th–12th from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) 1999–2013 surveys.

Methods:
Body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on self-reported height and weight. Obesity in youth is defined as BMI at or above 95th sex- and age-specific percentile of the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. Multiple logistic regressions were conducted to estimate the annual prevalence of obesity by race/ethnicity, adjusted for gender and age group and accounted for the YRBSS survey design. Between-group variance (BGV) was used to measure absolute racial/ethnic disparity in obesity, and the mean log deviation (MLD) and the Theil Index (T) were used to measure relative racial/ethnic disparity in obesity, weighted by corresponding racial/ethnic population size.

Results:
The obesity prevalence among non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic African Americans, non-Hispanic other race or multi-race, and Hispanic increased from 10.05%, 12.31%, 10.25%, and 13.24% in 1999 to 13.14%, 15.76%, 10.87%, and 15.20% in 2013, respectively. Both absolute and relative racial/ethnic disparity in obesity increased initially since 1999 but then steadily declined starting from mid-2000s back to around its original level by 2013.

Conclusion:
The obesity epidemic in youth is marked by salient and persistent disparity pertaining to race/ethnicity. No improvement on racial/ethnic disparity in obesity among American youth was observed during 1999–2013.
Successful treatment of short stature with growth hormone replacement therapy in a patient with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Koike Yuji , Akibayashi Masaya , Yokouchi Yukako 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
A 19-year-old woman visited our outpatient clinic requesting treatment for short stature. She had been repeatedly hospitalized at a psychiatric unit and was subsequently diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN). She was 139.3 cm (–3.6 SD) tall and weighed 25.5 kg (23% lower than standard weight). She had primary amenorrhea and her bone age (BA) was 11.8 years. She had low insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I (80 ng/mL) and a basal growth hormone (GH) level of 1.47 ng/mL. Treatment with recombinant GH was initiated. At 22 years of age, she was 152.2 cm (–1.1 SD) tall and weighed 39.7 kg. As she had shown a favorable response to GH treatment, therapy was discontinued. We suggest that it is worthwhile treating AN patients with GH replacement therapy for short stature, once low IGF-I levels without GH resistance, delayed puberty, delay in BA, and nutritional stabilization are taken into consideration.
Modeling and Simulation Study of an Industrial Radial Moving Bed Reactor for Propane Dehydrogenation Process
Authors: Chin Sim Yee , Hisyam Anwaruddin , Prasetiawan Haniif 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
An accurate model is required to optimize the propane dehydrogenation reaction carried out in the radial moving bed reactors (RMBR). The present study modeled the RMBR using a plug flow reactor model incorporated with kinetic models expressed in simple power-law model. Catalyst activity and coke formation were also considered. The model was solved numerically by discretizing the RMBR in axial and radial directions. The optimized kinetic parameters were then used to predict the trends of propane conversion, temperature, catalyst activity and coke content in the RMBR along axial and radial directions. It was found that the predicted activation energies of the propane dehydrogenation, propane cracking and ethylene hydrogenation were in reasonable agreement with the experimental values reported in the literature. The model developed has accurately predicted the reaction temperature profile, conversion profile and catalyst coke content. The deviations of these simulated results from the plant data were less than 5%.
On Janowski harmonic functions
Authors: Dziok Jacek 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In this paper we define classes of harmonic functions related to the Janowski
functions and we give some necessary and sufficient conditions for these
classes. Some topological properties and extreme points of the classes are
also considered. By using extreme points theory we obtain coefficients
estimates, distortion theorems, integral mean inequalities for the classes
of functions.
Evolution and monotonicity of the first eigenvalue of p-Laplacian under the Ricci-harmonic flow
Authors: Abolarinwa Abimbola 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
We study the evolution and monotonicity of the eigenvalues of
p-Laplace operator on an m-dimensional compact Riemannian
manifold M whose metric g(t) evolves by the Ricci-harmonic flow. The first
nonzero eigenvalue is proved to be monotonically nondecreasing along the flow
and differentiable almost everywhere. As a corollary, we recover the
corresponding results for the usual Laplace–Beltrami operator when p = 2.
We also examine the evolution and monotonicity under volume preserving
flow and it turns out that the first eigenvalue is not monotone in general.
Accurate Fiber Length Measurement Using Time-of-Flight Technique
Authors: Terra Osama , Hussein Hatem 
Published: November 2015

AbstractFiber artifacts of very well-measured length are required for the calibration of optical time domain reflectometers (OTDR). In this paper accurate length measurement of different fiber lengths using the time-of-flight technique is performed. A setup is proposed to measure accurately lengths from 1 to 40 km at 1,550 and 1,310 nm using high-speed electro-optic modulator and photodetector. This setup offers traceability to the SI unit of time, the second (and hence to meter by definition), by locking the time interval counter to the Global Positioning System (GPS)-disciplined quartz oscillator. Additionally, the length of a recirculating loop artifact is measured and compared with the measurement made for the same fiber by the National Physical Laboratory of United Kingdom (NPL). Finally, a method is proposed to relatively correct the fiber refractive index to allow accurate fiber length measurement.
Construction and Analysis of Novel 2-D Optical Orthogonal Codes Based on Extended Quadratic Congruence Codes and Modified One-Coincidence Sequence
Authors: Ji Jianhua , Li Wenjun , Zheng Hongxia 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA new two-dimensional optical orthogonal code (OOC) named EQC/MOCS is constructed, using Extended Quadratic Congruence (EQC) code for time spreading and modified one-coincidence sequence (MOCS) for wavelength hopping. Compared with EQC/Prime code (PC), the number of wavelengths for EQC/MOCS is not limited to a prime number. Compared with EQC/OCS, the length of MOCS need not be expanded to the same length of EQC. EQC/MOCS can be constructed flexibly, and also has larger code cardinality.
In-vitro efficacy of indocyanine green-mediated photodynamic therapy in combination with cisplatin or etoposide
Authors: Kasimova Kamola , Lilge Lothar , Wilson Brian C. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:Localizing the cytotoxic effects of cancer therapies to only affect the tumor cells is a goal in oncology, to maximize efficacy and minimize treatment-related morbidities. Most effective chemotherapeutic drugs have significant side effects due to off-target toxicity. By comparison, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a localized therapy without significant systemic toxicity but may have limited efficacy. Hence, combining PDT with chemotherapy was investigated to determine if the anti-tumor effect of the latter could be enhanced. PDT using indocyanine green (ICG), activated by near-infrared light, was investigated in lung tumor cells
Application of central composite design and rank annihilation factor analysis for optimization of mixed chelate of UO2
2+ complex with ammonium-N,N-tetramethylenedithiocarbamate and estimation of Kf
value
Authors: Aslani Mahmut A. A. , Kuru Yeşim F. , Aslani Ceren Kutahyali 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The interaction between UO2
2+ and ammonium-N,N-tetramethylenedithiocarbamate (ATMDTC) was investigated experimentally by means of UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied to optimisation of reaction with 54 runs in duplicate. This design type was also used to developed mathematical model equation. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) indicates that the terms of the model are significant within the 95% confident interval. Remarkably initial solution pH, initial ATMDTC concentration, initial Cu2+ concentration and temperature have effect on the reaction. Formation constant (log K
f) was calculated as 2.917 by using Rank Annihilation Factor Analysis (RAFA).
Development of an extraction system for the separation of dubnium from rutherfordium using MIBK and HCl/HF solutions
Authors: Schumann Dorothea , Dressler Rugard 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
A chemical separation system was developed to separate group 4 and 5 elements using extraction from HCl/HF solution into
methyl-isobutyl-ketone (MIBK). The system is proposed to be applied for a confident assignment of the spontaneous fissioning
radionuclide produced as decay product of element 115 either as dubnium (Db, Z = 105) or rutherfordium (Rf, Z = 104). Moreover,
extraction systems are proposed allowing the investigation of chemical properties of Db in comparison to the properties of its lighter
homologs Nb and Ta.
Optimized separation procedure for production of no-carrier-added radiomanganese for positron emission tomography
Authors: Buchholz Martin , Spahn Ingo , Coenen Heinz H. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The natCr(p, xn)-process is a very efficient route for production of 52gMn (T
1/2 = 5.59 d). Based on measurements of distribution coefficients with different media and ion-exchange resins, an optimized
chromatographic separation of radiomanganese from natCr with the resin Amberlite CG400 was developed. With this
system natCr is eluted first with an acetic acid/methanol 1:1 mixture at room temperature and
52gMn thereafter with 3 M HCl at 50 ℃. Within a separation time of 4 h
the method yielded 99.5% of the n.c.a. 52gMn in 2–3 mL of 3 M HCl. An ICP-MS
analysis revealed a chromium impurity of 0.07 mg (0.014%) in the n.c.a. 52gMn solution, making
this separation method suitable for the production of 52gMn for medical applications like positron emission
tomography (PET).
Spinel type twins of the new cubic Er6Zn23Ge compound
Authors: Solokha Pavlo , De Negri Serena , Proserpio Davide M. , Saccone Adriana 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The crystal structure of the new Er6Zn23Ge intermetallic compound was established by X-ray diffraction analysis on a twinned crystal (space group Fm3̅m, Wyckoff sequence: f2edba, cF120–Zr6Zn23Si, a
=12.7726(6) Å). The crystal is composed of two nearly equal size domains, whose mutual orientation is described by a 180° rotation around the cubic [111] axis, i.e. a spinel-type twinning law, not common for intermetallics. Applying the nanocluster approach, Er6Ge octahedra and centered two-shell Zn45 clusters were found as structural building blocks, filling the crystal space in a NaCl-like arrangement. This description was adopted to interpret the twinning in terms of stacking faults in the fcc cubic close packed arrangement. Moreover, the assembly of the nanocluster units is proposed as a possible mechanism for crystal growth and twin formation, in agreement with the principle of the interface energy minimization. Experimental conditions such as supersaturation and co-formation of other phases are also considered as favorable factors for Er6Zn23Ge twin formation.
Distinct Cell- and Layer-Specific Expression Patterns and Independent Regulation of Kv2 Channel Subtypes in Cortical Pyramidal Neurons
Authors: Bishop Hannah I. , Guan Dongxu , Bocksteins Elke , Parajuli Laxmi Kumar , Murray Karl D. , Cobb Melanie M. , Misonou Hiroaki , Zito Karen , Foehring Robert C. , Trimmer James S. 
Published: November 2015

The Kv2 family of voltage-gated potassium channel α subunits, comprising Kv2.1 and Kv2.2, mediate the bulk of the neuronal delayed rectifier K+current in many mammalian central neurons. Kv2.1 exhibits robust expression across many neuron types and is unique in its conditional role in modulating intrinsic excitability through changes in its phosphorylation state, which affect Kv2.1 expression, localization, and function. Much less is known of the highly related Kv2.2 subunit, especially in forebrain neurons. Here, through combined use of cortical layer markers and transgenic mouse lines, we show that Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 are localized to functionally distinct cortical cell types. Kv2.1 expression is consistently high throughout all cortical layers, especially in layer (L) 5b pyramidal neurons, whereas Kv2.2 expression is primarily limited to neurons in L2 and L5a. In addition, L4 of primary somatosensory cortex is strikingly devoid of Kv2.2 immunolabeling. The restricted pattern of Kv2.2 expression persists in Kv2.1-KO mice, suggesting distinct cell- and layer-specific functions for these two highly related Kv2 subunits. Analyses of endogenous Kv2.2 in cortical neuronsin situand recombinant Kv2.2 expressed in heterologous cells reveal that Kv2.2 is largely refractory to stimuli that trigger robust, phosphorylation-dependent changes in Kv2.1 clustering and function. Immunocytochemistry and voltage-clamp recordings from outside-out macropatches reveal distinct cellular expression patterns for Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 in intratelencephalic and pyramidal tract neurons of L5, indicating circuit-specific requirements for these Kv2 paralogs. Together, these results support distinct roles for these two Kv2 channel family members in mammalian cortex.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurons within the neocortex are arranged in a laminar architecture and contribute to the input, processing, and/or output of sensory and motor signals in a cell- and layer-specific manner. Neurons of different cortical layers express diverse populations of ion channels and possess distinct intrinsic membrane properties. Here, we show that the Kv2 family members Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 are expressed in distinct cortical layers and pyramidal cell types associated with specific corticostriatal pathways. We find that Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 exhibit distinct responses to acute phosphorylation-dependent regulation in brain neuronsin situand in heterologous cellsin vitro. These results identify a molecular mechanism that contributes to heterogeneity in cortical neuron ion channel function and regulation.
A Convolutional Subunit Model for Neuronal Responses in Macaque V1
Authors: Vintch Brett , Movshon J. Anthony , Simoncelli Eero P. 
Published: November 2015

The response properties of neurons in the early stages of the visual system can be described using the rectified responses of a set of self-similar, spatially shifted linear filters. In macaque primary visual cortex (V1), simple cell responses can be captured with a single filter, whereas complex cells combine a set of filters, creating position invariance. These filters cannot be estimated using standard methods, such as spike-triggered averaging. Subspace methods like spike-triggered covariance can recover multiple filters but require substantial amounts of data, and recover an orthogonal basis for the subspace in which the filters reside, rather than the filters themselves. Here, we assume a linear-nonlinear-linear-nonlinear (LN-LN) cascade model in which the first LN stage consists of shifted (“convolutional”) copies of a single filter, followed by a common instantaneous nonlinearity. We refer to these initial LN elements as the “subunits” of the receptive field, and we allow two independent sets of subunits, each with its own filter and nonlinearity. The second linear stage computes a weighted sum of the subunit responses and passes the result through a final instantaneous nonlinearity. We develop a procedure to directly fit this model to electrophysiological data. When fit to data from macaque V1, the subunit model significantly outperforms three alternatives in terms of cross-validated accuracy and efficiency, and provides a robust, biologically plausible account of receptive field structure for all cell types encountered in V1.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe present a new subunit model for neurons in primary visual cortex that significantly outperforms three alternative models in terms of cross-validated accuracy and efficiency, and provides a robust and biologically plausible account of the receptive field structure in these neurons across the full spectrum of response properties.