bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composition and Functional Diversity of Juvenile Groundfish Assemblages in the California Current
Authors: Gasbarro Ryan , Santora Jarrod A. , Cimino Megan , Schonfeld Adena , Bograd Steven J. , Hazen Elliott L. , Wells Brian K. , Field John C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimLong‐term monitoring data at the biogeographic scale are essential for developing baselines of biodiversity patterns and tools to diagnose natural cycles, trends, and anomalous events to assess threats from climate change. However, studies using these data often limit their analyses to relatively few metrics that may not adequately capture the breadth of biodiversity. Here, we calculate a suite of compositional and functional biodiversity metrics—collectively comprising ecoscapes—to better resolve assemblage‐level responses to environmental variability and test the spatiotemporal lability of faunal biogeographic provinces.LocationCalifornia Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME).TaxonYoung‐of‐the‐year juvenile groundfish assemblages (n = 45 taxa).MethodsSpecies composition and abundance data from two long‐term fisheries‐independent surveys were collated with a functional trait database for pelagic taxa. Distinct assemblages were identified through cluster analysis. Compositional and functional alpha‐ and beta‐level biodiversity metrics were then calculated to characterise assemblage‐level biodiversity and to identify patterns of regional community composition and turnover in space and time.ResultsEcoscapes revealed the assemblage structure, functional diversity, and turnover of juvenile groundfish from 1990 to 2023. Canonical CCLME biogeographic provinces were mostly supported, but with notable spatiotemporal variation and differences across compositional and functional diversity metrics. Highly productive (unproductive) years were associated with the widespread extent of assemblages characterised by high (low) biodiversity and abundance.Main ConclusionsThe differences between patterns of functional and compositional diversity of assemblages highlight the potential of ecoscapes to better resolve biogeographic patterns with promising applications for future studies. Ecoscapes may provide explicit links between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning and services, and additional insights into assemblage responses and resilience to environmental variability that can aid biodiversity monitoring and rapidly disseminate management‐relevant information in a changing climate.
Differential Impact of Metabolic Factors and Comorbidities on Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Ponirakis Georgios , Petropoulos Ioannis N. , Gad Hoda , Abdulshakoor Sidra , Concepcion Jenneth M. , Khalfalla Sara H. , Elamin Iynas S. A. , AlZawqari Abeer T. H. , Elgassim Einas , Baraka Areej , Al‐Khalifa Aljazi M. , Mahfoud Ziyad R. , El Deeb Marwa A. , Afifi Nahla , Malik Rayaz A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the impact of metabolic factors and comorbidities on peripheral neuropathy.MethodsQatari nationals and long‐term residents from the Qatar Biobank underwent clinical/metabolic assessments, including iDXA to measure visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) volumes, inflammation, thyroid function, carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), corneal confocal microscopy (CCM), vibration perception threshold (VPT), and DN4 questionnaire.ResultsIn 332 adults aged 43.4 ± 12.7 years, the prevalence of neuropathy was 3.9%. The prevalence of T2D was 16.6%, and the prevalence of neuropathy was significantly higher in T2D (14.5% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.0001). A higher HbA1c (p = 0.05) and lower eGFR (p < 0.01) were associated with reduced inferior whorl length (IWL) and lower FT3 was associated with reduced corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) (p < 0.01). Triglycerides were associated with increased neuropathic symptoms (p = 0.05). All the risk factors in this study contributed to 39% of neuropathy in T2D but had a minimal impact in those without T2D.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of additional risk factors beyond traditional risk factors associated with peripheral neuropathy in T2D.
Nursing Interventions for the Management of a Stoma Complicated by a Parastomal Hernia or Bulge: A Scoping Review
Authors: Larsen Cecilie , Borglit Trine Bolette , Leinum Lisbeth Roesen , Dreyer Pia , Krogsgaard Marianne 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundParastomal hernia or bulging is a long‐recognised complication in relation to a stoma. Around half of patients develop a parastomal bulge and up to 75% experience symptoms. Only a minority is offered surgical treatment; thus, most patients manage the bulge on their own or by interventions provided by stoma care nurses.Aims and ObjectivesTo identify and present the available information on nursing interventions for the management of symptoms caused by the parastomal bulge.MethodsThis scoping review followed the framework by the Joanna Briggs Institute, conducting searches in 11 databases and through stoma organisations. Literature on nursing management of parastomal bulges was included. Two authors independently screened and selected the studies, with data‐charting performed by one author and verified by another. The PAGER framework depicted the state of the evidence and the PRISMA‐ScR checklist guided the process.ResultsOf 8361 screened publications, 44 were included. Management of the parastomal bulge and related symptoms were described in eight nursing interventions: appliances, support garments, irrigation and regulation of stool, strangulation, disguise and intimacy, physical activity, support and education, record keeping, follow‐up and referral. Most evidence was based on expert opinion with only ⅓ of papers using study designs, such as cross‐sectional, qualitative, review, before and after study, Delphi and RCT.ConclusionThis scoping review highlights the complexity of providing nursing interventions for parastomal bulging. It shows that one intervention can manage multiple symptoms and potentially several symptoms simultaneously, whereas several interventions may be needed to address a single symptom. Therefore, decisions on interventions must be based on the underlying cause of the problem. Due to the limited number of studies on the effects of nursing interventions, more rigorous research is needed in the future.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe results can be used as an inspirational guide for clinical practice.
Mandibular Oral Tori Predict the Presence but Not the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea. A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of the Literature
Authors: Yong Chee Weng , Quah Bernadette , Kong Nicole Li Shuen , Colpani Juliana Tereza , Wong Raymond Chung Wen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundOral torus assessment is recommended as a part of routine craniofacial examination in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). However, there are conflicting studies on whether oral torus is associated with OSA and whether it affects OSA therapy.ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically review the effects of mandibular torus on OSA and its treatment.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to 15 July 2024. Studies that included patients with oral torus and examined the diagnosis and severity of OSA (Apnoea–Hypopnea Index [AHI], oxygen saturation, blood pressure and patient‐reported outcomes), and studies that examined the effectiveness of OSA treatment in patients with oral torus were included. PRISMA guidelines were followed for data extraction.ResultsEleven studies with 1372 patients were included in the study. Patients with mandibular torus were found to have a relative risk of 1.9 (95% CI = 0.9; 4.1) for OSA. The pooled mean difference in AHI between patients with and without mandibular torus was 1.6 (95% CI = −5.3; 8.6). Large mandibular torus was found to be associated with mild and moderate OSA but not with severe OSA. A greater reduction in AHI after mandibular advancement device or soft‐tissue OSA surgery can be achieved in patients with torus. However, the difference was not significant when compared to patients without it.ConclusionPatients with mandibular torus are more likely to have OSA. Larger mandibular torus may be associated with mild or moderate OSA but not severe OSA. Mandibular torus does not impede OSA treatment.
Is using TikTok stressful? Exploring the longitudinal relationships between adolescents' self‐concept clarity and digital stress
Authors: Dodan Daria , Negru‐Subtirica Oana 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTikTok is a pervasive and controversial social media platform with a sizeable adolescent following. Using a two‐wave longitudinal design spaced 3 months apart during the academic year (N = 328, 60.4% male, Mage = 16.99), we investigated how adolescents' self‐concept clarity relates to approval anxiety, fear of missing out, and online vigilance as possible stressors experienced on TikTok. Results showed a negative bidirectional link between self‐concept clarity and approval anxiety. We also found a negative unidirectional longitudinal association between self‐concept clarity and fear of missing out (FoMO) and online vigilance, respectively. Last, we found that approval anxiety longitudinally fosters fear of missing out. These findings suggest that adolescents holding uncertain self‐views are more likely to perceive TikTok as a stressful environment and that experiencing approval anxiety might be especially harmful for them.
Emplacement of monomict breccia and crater size estimate at the Dhala impact structure, India
Authors: Tiwari Sonal , Joshi Gaurav , Phukon Pradyut , Agarwal Amar , Venkateshwarlu Mamilla 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAt the Dhala impact structure, the monomict breccia and the impact melt rock outcrops are present in proximity. Generally, these impactite lithologies are formed by different mechanisms and in different parts of the crater. The emplacement setting of impact melt rocks at Dhala has been well studied. Therefore, we studied the emplacement of monomict breccia using field, microscopic, and magnetic fabric investigations. Our results show that the intensities of the rock magnetic parameters in monomict breccia are comparable with the unshocked target granitoid at Dhala. Thus, the magnetic fabrics developed during pre‐impact processes and were not altered due to impact. The absence of the reorientation of magnetic fabrics indicates that the peak shock pressures were below 0.5 GPa. Such shock pressures typically exist near the crater wall/floor or outside the crater. Moreover, there is no local variation in the orientations of magnetic fabrics at different locations in the same outcrop. Thus, the monomict breccia was not displaced from their pre‐impact position. Based on the shock barometry and absence of displacement, we propose that the present‐day annular outcrops of monomict breccia are located just outside the final crater. Furthermore, the monomict breccia annular outcrop ring has an internal diameter of ~4.5 km and is juxtaposed with impact melt rocks, which formed within the crater (previous studies). We, thus, suggest that the present‐day crater diameter is ~4.5 km.
Plant Neighbourhood as Predictor of Allopatric Speciation in Sedges
Authors: Benítez‐Benítez Carmen , Jiménez‐Mejías Pedro , Calleja‐Alarcón Juan Antonio , Leo María , Sanz‐Arnal María , Lara Francisco , Garilleti Ricardo , Martín‐Bravo Santiago , Escudero Marcial , Fernández‐Mazuecos Mario , Calatayud Joaquín , Medina Nagore G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAdaptation to different environments in geographically separated populations is key for allopatric speciation. Most research has focused on the effects of geographical isolation and abiotic factors, but disjunct populations frequently co‐occur with different pools of species, favouring divergent adaptation and speciation. We show the importance of plant neighbourhood, compared to geographic and environmental factors, in the allopatric speciation of two closely related plants, Carex elata and Carex reuteriana. Both species share similar ecological requirements and inhabit river shores at medium to low altitudes across the Iberian Peninsula. We employed a multidisciplinary approach integrating abiotic, biotic and geographical factors, and genomic data (genotyping‐by‐sequencing) to infer the relative role of different evolutionary drivers. Abiotic factors were assessed based on 38 bioclimatic variables, biotic factors using the community of co‐occurring plant species (1536 vegetation inventories), and geographical factors with a distance matrix based on geographic coordinates. Using regularised generalised linear models, we identified the key variables explaining distribution patterns. We also examined the relationships between inter‐population genetic distances, and biotic, abiotic and geographic factors to understand the drivers of lineage splitting, revealing varying degrees of influence. Plant neighbourhood emerged as a stronger predictor of allopatric distributions than abiotic or geographic factors, with the largest effect observed in Carex elata, which exhibited the greatest population differentiation. These findings suggest that the biotic and microenvironmental factors influencing divergent plant neighbourhoods have significantly contributed to the differentiation of these taxa, providing new insights into the evolutionary processes shaping the origin and distribution of species.
Functional Insights Into the Effect of Feralisation on the Gut Microbiota of Cats Worldwide
Authors: Aizpurua Ostaizka , Botnen Amanda Bolt , Eisenhofer Raphael , Odriozola Iñaki , Santos‐Bay Luisa , Bjørnsen Mads Bjørn , Gilbert M. Thomas P. , Alberdi Antton 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSuccessfully adapting to a feral lifestyle with different access to food, shelter and other resources requires rapid physiological and behavioural changes, which could potentially be facilitated by gut microbiota plasticity. To investigate whether alterations in gut microbiota support this transition to a feral lifestyle, we analysed the gut microbiomes of domestic and feral cats from six geographically diverse locations using genome‐resolved metagenomics. By reconstructing 229 non‐redundant metagenome‐assembled genomes from 92 cats, we identified a typical carnivore microbiome structure, with notable diversity and taxonomic differences across regions. While overall diversity metrics did not differ significantly between domestic and feral cats, hierarchical modelling of species communities, accounting for geographic and sex covariates, revealed significantly larger microbial functional capacities among feral cats. The increased capacity for amino acid and lipid degradation corresponds to feral cats' dietary reliance on crude protein and fat. A second modelling analysis, using behavioural phenotype as the main predictor, unveiled a positive association between microbial production of short‐chain fatty acids, neurotransmitters and vitamins and cat aggressiveness, suggesting that gut microbes might contribute to heightened aggression and elusiveness observed in feral cats. Functional microbiome shifts may therefore play a significant role in the development of physiological and behavioural traits advantageous for a feral lifestyle, a hypothesis that warrants validation through microbiota manipulation experiments.
To Cast the Jewish People in a European Mould: The Role Models of the Zionist Right
Authors: Nahshon Elad 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn the process of nation‐building, national movements often draw inspiration from the experience of other nations. The fascinating case study of the Revisionist movement, dominating the Zionist right from the 1920s onward, allow us to examine precisely how nationalist political movements choose their role models, why they replace them with others, and how they use it to galvanize their ideology and fight off rival ideologies. Analysing four distinct groups and factions within Revisionism, which cast 19th century Italy, Fascist Italy, Poland, France and USA as their main ideological role models to follow, I claim that the most prominent factors, which led to this variety of role models within the movement are ideology, personal biography, cultural background and generational differences. Together, these factors reveal the deep fault lines in the heart of what seemed to be a unified political bloc.
GLKs directly regulate carotenoid biosynthesis via interacting with GBFs in plants
Authors: Sun Tianhu , Hazra Abhijit , Lui Andy , Zeng Shaohua , Wang Xin , Rao Sombir , Owens Lauren A. , Fei Zhangjun , Zhao Yunde , Mazourek Michael , Giovannoni James G. , Li Li 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Carotenoids are vital photosynthetic pigments for plants. Golden2‐like transcription factors (GLKs) are widely recognized as major regulators of Chl biosynthesis and chloroplast development. However, despite GLKs being subjected to intensive investigations, whether GLKs directly regulate carotenoid biosynthesis and the molecular mechanisms by which GLKs transcriptionally activate their target genes remain unclear.
Here, we report that GLKs directly regulate carotenoid biosynthesis and activate their target genes in a G‐box binding factor (GBF)‐dependent manner in Arabidopsis.
Both in vitro and in vivo studies reveal that GLKs physically interact with GBFs to activate transcription of phytoene synthase (PSY), the gene encoding a rate‐limiting enzyme for carotenoid biosynthesis. While GLKs possess transactivation activity, they depend on GBFs to directly bind to the G‐box motif to modulate PSY expression. Loss of GBFs impairs GLK function in regulating carotenoid and Chl biosynthesis. Since the G‐box motif is an enriched motif in the promoters of GLK‐regulated genes, the GLK–GBF regulatory module likely serves as a common mechanism underlying GLK‐regulated photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis and chloroplast development.
Our findings uncover a novel regulatory machinery of carotenoid biosynthesis, discover a molecular mechanism of transcriptional regulation by GLKs, and divulge GLKs as important regulators to coordinate photosynthetic pigment synthesis in plants.
Golgi‐associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex recruits retromer to trans‐Golgi network for FgKex2 and FgSnc1 recycling, necessary for the development and pathogenicity of Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Long Yunfei , Chen Xin , Chen Jia , Zhang Haoran , Lin Ying , Cheng Shuyuan , Pu Neng , Zhou Xuandong , Sheng Renzhi , Abubakar Yakubu Saddeeq , Zheng Huawei , Yun Yingzi , Lu Guodong , Wang Zonghua , Zheng Wenhui 
Published: February 2025

Summary
In eukaryotes, the retromer complex plays a crucial role in the sorting and retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans‐Golgi network (TGN). Despite its importance, the molecular details of this intracellular transport process remain unclear.
Here, we have identified a Golgi‐associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex as a mediator of vesicle transport that facilitates the recruitment of the retromer complex to the TGN to exert its functions.
The GARP complex is mainly localized in the TGN where it interacts with the retromer complex. This interaction is evolutionarily conserved across species. Furthermore, we identified FgKex2 and FgSnc1 as cargo proteins in the GARP/retromer‐mediated recycling pathway. Loss of GARP or retromer results in a complete missorting of FgKex2 and FgSnc1 into the vacuolar degradation pathway, which affects the growth, development, biogenesis of toxisomes and pathogenicity of Fusarium graminearum.
In summary, we demonstrate for the first time that GARP promotes the recruitment of retromer from endosomes to the TGN, thereby establishing a GARP/retromer transport pathway that coordinates the recycling of cargo proteins FgKex2 and FgSnc1. This process is essential for maintaining sustained growth and development and significantly contributes to the pathogenicity of F. graminearum.
Symplastic guard cell connections buffer pressure fluctuations to promote stomatal function in grasses
Authors: Wilson Matthew J. , McGregor Shauni , Durney Clinton H. , Tomkins Melissa , Armand Jodie , Smith Richard S. , Gray Julie E. , Morris Richard J. , Fleming Andrew J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Stomata regulate plant gas exchange via repeated turgor‐driven changes of guard cell shape, thereby adjusting pore apertures. Grasses, which are among the most widespread plant families on the planet, are distinguished by their unique stomatal structure, which is proposed to have significantly contributed to their evolutionary and agricultural success. One component of their structure, which has received little attention, is the presence of a discontinuous adjoining cell wall of the guard cell pair.
Here, we demonstrate the presence of these symplastic connections in a range of grasses and use finite element method simulations to assess hypotheses for their functional significance.
Our results show that opening of the stomatal pore is maximal when the turgor pressure in dumbbell‐shaped grass guard cells is equal, especially under the low pressure conditions that occur during the early phase of stomatal opening. By contrast, we demonstrate that turgor pressure differences have less effect on the opening of kidney‐shaped guard cells, characteristic of the majority of land plants, where guard cell connections are rarely or not observed.
Our data describe a functional mechanism based on cellular mechanics, which plausibly facilitated a major transition in plant evolution and crop development.
Comparison of a Besdata Video Laryngoscope With a Direct Laryngoscope in Neonates and Infants of 6 Months of Age—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Venkatesh Vedha , Srinivasan Gnanasekaran , Bidkar Prasanna Udupi , Rudingwa Priya 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionAirway management of infants is challenging, and video laryngoscopes can help reduce intubation attempts and improve glottic visualization. In this study, we compared the Besdata video laryngoscope with the Miller laryngoscope in neonates and infants 6 months of age.MethodsAfter obtaining informed written consent from the parents, we randomized 80 infants scheduled for elective surgery requiring endotracheal intubation into two groups, Group DL and Group VL. We used a direct laryngoscope with a Miller blade in group DL and a Besdata video laryngoscope with a Miller blade in group VL. We compared the time taken for intubation, glottis visualization time, percentage of glottic opening (POGO) score, Cormack Lehane (CL) grades, first attempt success rate, need for external laryngeal manipulation, and complications between the two groups.ResultsThe median (interquartile range, IQR) time taken for intubation was 36.0 s (30.5–39.0) versus 35.0 s (28.0–40.0) (p = 0.35), similar in both groups. The median difference (95% confidence interval, CI) was 0.0 s [−4.0 to 5.0]. The median (IQR) time for glottic visualization was 13.0 s (10.0–15.5) versus 10.0 s (8.0–12.0), and the median difference (95% CI) was 2.0 s [1–6] in group DL and group VL, respectively, showing shorter time with a video laryngoscope. We also found better POGO scores and decreased need for optimal external laryngeal manipulation with a Besdata video laryngoscope. The first attempt intubation success rate, use of bougie, and complications were similar in both groups.ConclusionThe Besdata video laryngoscope with a zero‐size Miller blade has shown a similar intubation time when compared with a conventional laryngoscope in neonates and infants of 6 months of age. The first attempt intubation success rate was also comparable between the two groups. However, the Besdata video laryngoscope is associated with comparatively better glottic visualization.Trial RegistrationClinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI; www.ctri.nic.in): CTRI/2021/012/038787