bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outlier Detection by means of Monte Carlo Estimation including resistant Scale Estimation
Authors: Marx Christian 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe identification of outliers in measurement data is hindered if they are present in leverage points as well as in rest of the data. A promising method for their identification is the Monte Carlo estimation (MCE), which is subject of the present investigation. In MCE the data are searched for data subsamples without leverage outliers and with few (or no) non-leverage outliers by a random generation of subsamples. The required number of subsamples by which several of such subsamples are generated with a given probability is derived. Each generated subsample is rated based on the residuals resulting from an adjustment. By means of a simulation it is shown that a least squares adjustment is suitable. For the rating of the subsamples, the sum of squared residuals is used as a measure of the fit. It is argued that this (unweighted) sum is also appropriate if data have unequal weights. An investigation of the robustness of a final Bayes estimation with the result of the Monte Carlo search as prior information reveals its inappropriateness. Furthermore, the case of an unknown variance factor is considered. A simulation for different scale estimators for the variance factor shows their impracticalness. A new resistant scale estimator is introduced which is based on a generalisation of the median absolut deviation. Taking into account the results of the investigations, a new procedure for MCE considering a scale estimation is proposed. Finally, this method is tested by simulation. MCE turns out to be more reliable in the identification of outliers than a conventional resistant estimation method.
An Improved Between-Satellite Single-Difference Precise Point Positioning Model for Combined GPS/Galileo Observations
Authors: Afifi Akram , El-Rabbany Ahmed 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis article introduces a new model for precise point positioning (PPP), which combines dual-frequency GPS and Galileo observations. Our model is based on the between-satellite single-difference (BSSD) linear combination, which cancels out some receiver-related biases, including receiver clock error and non-zero initial phase bias of the receiver’s oscillator. Two different scenarios are considered when forming BSSD linear combinations. In the first scenario, either a GPS or a Galileo satellite is selected as a reference for both GPS and Galileo observables. The second scenario, on the other hand, selects two reference satellites: a GPS reference satellite for the GPS observables and a Galileo satellite for the Galileo observables. Natural Resources Canada’s GPSPace PPP software is modified to enable a combined GPS/Galileo PPP solution and to handle the newly introduced biases. A total of 12 data sets representing two-day GPS/Galileo measurements at six IGS stations are processed to verify the developed PPP model. Precise satellite orbit and clock products from the IGS-MGEX network are used to correct both of the GPS and Galileo measurements. It is shown that using one reference satellite to form the BSSD linear combinations improves the precision of the estimated parameters by about 25 % compared with the GPS-only PPP solution. When two reference satellites are used, however, the precision of the estimated parameters improves by about 50 % compared with the GPS-only PPP solution. Additionally, the solution convergence time is reduced to 10 min for both BSSD scenarios, which represents about 50 % improvement in comparison with the GPS-only PPP solution.
Methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves improves glucose tolerance, glycogen synthesis and lipid metabolism in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Olayaki Luqman A. , Irekpita Justice E. , Yakubu Musa T. , Ojo Opeolu O. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background: Glucose-lowering effects of Moringa oleifera extracts have been reported. However, the mechanism for its hypoglycemic effects is not yet understood. This study investigated the effect of oral administration of methanolic extracts of M. oleifera (MOLE) on glucose tolerance, glycogen synthesis, and lipid metabolism in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes.

Methods: MOLE was screened for key phytochemicals and its total flavonoids and phenolic contents were quantified. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 120 mg/kg BW alloxan. Normal and diabetic control rats received saline, while rats in other groups received 300 or 600 mg/kg body weight of MOLE or metformin (100 mg/kg body weight of metformin) for 6 weeks. Food intake and body weight were monitored throughout the experiment. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance was assessed and serum glucose, insulin, and lipids were measured at the end of the experiment. Liver and muscle glycogen synthase activities, glycogen content, and glucose uptake were determined.

Results: Administration of MOLE did not affect food intake but inhibited weight loss, significantly (p<0.01) improved glucose tolerance, and increased serum insulin levels by 1.3–1.7-fold (p<0.01). MOLE treatment significantly (p<0.001) reduced serum concentrations of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and enhanced serum level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by 2.4- to 3.2-fold (p<0.001). Glycogen synthase activities and glycogen contents were higher in MOLE-treated rats compared with rats receiving metformin or saline and the extract improved glucose uptake by 49%–59% (p<0.01).

Conclusions: These results showed that hypoglycemic effects of MOLE might be mediated through the stimulation of insulin release leading to enhanced glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis.
Aspects of the property R
∞
Authors: Fel'shtyn Alexander , Troitsky Evgenij 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A group G is said to have the property
R
∞
if for any of its automorphisms, φ, the Reidemeister
number R(φ) is infinite.
We study the relationships between
the R
∞ property and nonabelian cohomology,
isogredience classes,
and representation
theory.
Multi-response Optimization in Machining of GFRP (Epoxy) Composites: An Integrated Approach
Authors: Verma Rajesh Kumar , Abhishek Kumar , Datta Saurav , Pal Pradip Kumar , Mahapatra S.S. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis paper investigates on optimization of process control parameters during machining (drilling and turning) of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) composites by considering multiple process performance yields. The main characteristic indices for evaluating drilling performance are thrust force, torque and delamination factor (at entry as well as exit); the corresponding machining parameters are drill speed, feed rate and diameter of the drill bit. The following process parameters viz. spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut have been considered to investigate multiple process responses viz. Material Removal Rate (MRR), surface roughness (Ra), tool-tip temperature (maximum temperature generated during machining at tool-tip) and resultant cutting force whilst turning of GFRP (epoxy) composite specimens. As traditional Taguchi method is unable to solve multi-objective optimization problem; to overcome this limitation; the study proposes Principal Component Analysis (PCA) along with fuzzy logic and finally Taguchi philosophy towards multiple-objective optimization in machining of GFRP composites. Analysis of the solutions for the multi-objective optimization by aforesaid approach has been depicted through two case experimental researches. It has also been observed from drilling experiments that PCA-fuzzy (integrated with Taguchi method) has provided better result as compared to WPCA (Weighted Principal Component Analysis) based Taguchi method. The proposed PCA-Fuzzy based Taguchi method can fruitfully be applied for continuous quality improvement and off-line quality control of the process/product.
Survivin and Vegf as Novel Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Endometriosis/ Survivin i vegf kao novi biomarkeri u dijagnostici endometrioze
Authors: Acimovic Milena , Vidakovic Snezana , Milic Natasa , Jeremic Katarina , Markovic Milos , Milosevic-Djeric Ana , Lazovic-Radonjic Gordana 
Published: June 2015

Summary
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of peripheral blood markers as additional diagnostic tools to transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) findings in the diagnosis of endometriosis.
Methods: This study included 40 patients undergoing laparoscopy for suspected endometriosis from January to December 2012. Preoperative levels of serum CA125, CA19-9, CEA and mRNA expression levels for survivin and VEGF were obtained. Real-time PCR was used to determine relative gene expression. A new diagnostic score was obtained by deploying the peripheral blood markers to the TVU findings. Statistical methods used were Chi-square, Fisher’s, Student’s t-test or the Mann - Whitney test.
Results: There was a statistically significant difference in serum CA125, survivin and VEGF levels in patients with endometriosis and those without endometriosis (p<0.001, p=0.025 and p=0.009, respectively). False negative TVU findings were noted in 3/13 patients (23.1%) with peritoneal endometriosis without ovaries involvement. High sensitivity (93.3%), specificity (90.0%), PPV (96.6%), NPV (81.8%) and accuracy (92.5%) were obtained for a diagnostic score based on TVU and significant peripheral blood markers (CA125, survivin and VEGF).
Conclusions: Determination of serum CA125, mRNA expression levels for survivin and VEGF along with TVU can contribute to higher accuracy of the noninvasive diagnostic tools for endometriosis.
Variance Estimation of Change in Poverty Rates: an Application to the Turkish EU-SILC Survey
Authors: Oguz Alper Melike , Berger Yves G. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Interpreting changes between point estimates at different waves may be misleading if we do not take the sampling variation into account. It is therefore necessary to estimate the standard error of these changes in order to judge whether or not the observed changes are statistically significant. This involves the estimation of temporal correlations between cross-sectional estimates, because correlations play an important role in estimating the variance of a change in the cross-sectional estimates. Standard estimators for correlations cannot be used because of the rotation used in most panel surveys, such as the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) surveys. Furthermore, as poverty indicators are complex functions of the data, they require special treatment when estimating their variance. For example, poverty rates depend on poverty thresholds which are estimated from medians. We propose using a multivariate linear regression approach to estimate correlations by taking into account the variability of the poverty threshold. We apply the approach proposed to the Turkish EU-SILC survey data.
ReGenesees: an Advanced R System for Calibration, Estimation and Sampling Error Assessment in Complex Sample Surveys
Authors: Zardetto Diego 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
ReGenesees is a new software system for design-based and model-assisted analysis of complex sample surveys, based on R. As compared to traditional estimation platforms, it ensures easier and safer usage and achieves a dramatic reduction in user workload for both the calibration and the variance estimation tasks. Indeed, ReGenesees allows the specification of calibration models in a symbolic way, using R model formulae. Driven by this symbolic metadata, the system automatically and transparently generates the right values and formats for the auxiliary variables at the sample level, and assists the user in defining and calculating the corresponding population totals. Moreover, ReGenesees can handle arbitrary complex estimators, provided they can be expressed as differentiable functions of Horvitz-Thompson or calibration estimators of totals. Complex estimators can be defined in a completely free fashion: the user only needs to provide the system with the symbolic expression of the estimator as a mathematical function. ReGenesees is in fact able to automatically linearize such complex estimators, so that the estimation of their variance comes at no cost at all to the user. Remarkably, all the innovative features sketched above leverage a particular strong point of the R programming language, namely its ability to process symbolic information.
Dwelling Price Ranking versus Socioeconomic Clustering: Possibility of Imputation
Authors: Fleishman Larisa , Gubman Yury , Tur-Sinai Aviad 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
In order to characterize the socioeconomic profile of various geographic units, it is common practice to use aggregated indices. However, the process of calculating such indices requires a wide variety of variables from various data sources available concurrently. Using a number of administrative databases for 2001 and 2003, this study examines the question of whether dwelling prices in a given locality can serve as a proxy for its socioeconomic level. Based on statistical and geographic criteria, we developed a Dwelling Price Ranking (DPR) methodology. Our findings show that the DPR can serve as a good approximation for the socioeconomic cluster (SEC) calculated by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics for years when the required data was available. As opposed to the SEC, the suggested DPR indicator can easily be calculated, thus ensuring a continuum of socioeconomic index series. Both parametric and nonparametric statistical analyses have been carried out in order to examine the additional social, demographic, location, crime and security effects that are exogenous to SEC. Complementary analysis on recently published SEC series for 2006 and 2008 show that our conclusions remain valid. The proposed methodology and the obtained findings may be applicable for different statistical purposes in other countries which possess dwelling transactions data.
Big Data as a Source for Official Statistics
Authors: Daas Piet J.H. , Puts Marco J. , Buelens Bart , Hurk Paul A.M. van den 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
More and more data are being produced by an increasing number of electronic devices physically surrounding us and on the internet. The large amount of data and the high frequency at which they are produced have resulted in the introduction of the term ‘Big Data’. Because these data reflect many different aspects of our daily lives and because of their abundance and availability, Big Data sources are very interesting from an official statistics point of view. This article discusses the exploration of both opportunities and challenges for official statistics associated with the application of Big Data. Experiences gained with analyses of large amounts of Dutch traffic loop detection records and Dutch social media messages are described to illustrate the topics characteristic of the statistical analysis and use of Big Data.
Sentiments and Perceptions of Business Respondents on Social Media: an Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Torres van Grinsven Vanessa , Snijkers Ger 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The perceptions and sentiments of business respondents are considered important for statistical bureaus. As perceptions and sentiments are related to the behavior of the people expressing them, gaining insights into the perceptions and sentiments of business respondents is of interest to understand business survey response. In this article we present an exploratory analysis of expressions in the social media regarding Statistics Netherlands. In recent years, social media have become an important infrastructure for communication flows and thus an essential network in our social structure. Within that network participants are actively involved in expressing sentiments and perceptions. The results of our analysis provide insights into the perceptions and sentiments that business respondents have of this national statistical institute and specifically its business surveys. They point towards the specific causes that have led to a positive or a negative sentiment. Based on these results, recommendations aimed at influencing the perceptions and sentiments will be discussed, with the ultimate goal of stimulating survey participation. We also suggest recommendations regarding social media studies on sentiments and perceptions of survey respondents.
Measuring Disclosure Risk and Data Utility for Flexible Table Generators
Authors: Shlomo Natalie , Antal Laszlo , Elliot Mark 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Statistical agencies are making increased use of the internet to disseminate census tabular outputs through web-based flexible table-generating servers that allow users to define and generate their own tables. The key questions in the development of these servers are: (1) what data should be used to generate the tables, and (2) what statistical disclosure control (SDC) method should be applied. To generate flexible tables, the server has to be able to measure the disclosure risk in the final output table, apply the SDC method and then iteratively reassess the disclosure risk. SDC methods may be applied either to the underlying data used to generate the tables and/or to the final output table that is generated from original data. Besides assessing disclosure risk, the server should provide a measure of data utility by comparing the perturbed table to the original table. In this article, we examine aspects of the design and development of a flexible table-generating server for census tables and demonstrate a disclosure risk-data utility analysis for comparing SDC methods. We propose measures for disclosure risk and data utility that are based on information theory.
Statistical Metadata: a Unified Approach to Management and Dissemination
Authors: Signore Marina , Scanu Mauro , Brancato Giovanna 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
This article illustrates a unified conceptual approach to metadata, whereby metadata describing the information content and structure of data and those describing the statistical process are managed jointly with metadata arising from administrative and support activities. Many different actors may benefit from this approach: internal users who are given the option to reuse information; internal management that is supported in the decision-making process, process industrialisation and standardisation as well as performance assessment; external users who are provided with data and process-related metadata as well as quality measures to retrieve data and use them properly. In the article, a general model useful for metadata representation is illustrated and its application presented. Relationships to existing frameworks and standards are also discussed and enhancements proposed.
Defining the “Local” in Local Content Requirements in the Oil and Gas and Mining Sectors in Developing Countries
Authors: Nwapi Chilenye 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThis paper examines how the term “local” has been understood in the definitions of “local content” in selected jurisdictions in developing countries. The paper critiques the centralist approach adopted by these countries that defines local content in terms of first consideration being given to their “nationals.” Little or no thought is given to the local populations who live in the area where the resource extraction takes place. The paper argues that if policymakers do not pay close attention to how “local” is defined, the benefits of local content requirements (LCRs) may be captured by “outsiders.” A bottom-up approach that recognizes the local populations where the extractive activities take place can help developing countries to prevent or douse resource conflicts. Community frustration resulting from seeing lucrative jobs given to “outsiders” can stir up conflicts. Given that revenues from extractive resources are managed by national governments in most jurisdictions, LCRs can provide a mechanism to meet the demands of subnational stakeholders, such as local governments and communities. This will in turn enable companies to obtain the social license to operate.
Organomonophosphines in PtP2Cl2 derivatives: structural aspects
Authors: Melník Milan , Mikuš Peter 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this review, 260 monomeric Pt(II) complexes are summarized and analyzed in which the inner coordination sphere is built up by a pair of organomonophosphines and two chlorine atoms (PtP2Cl2). These complexes are crystallized in four crystal systems: tetragonal (x17)<orthorhombic (x31)<triclinic (x90)<monoclinic (x122). The square-planar environments have cis- and trans-configurations. The former by far prevails. The mean Pt-L bond distances (cis- vs. trans-configurations) are 2.347 Å (Cl, trans to P) and 2.230 Å (P, trans to Cl) vs. 2.307 Å (Cl, trans to Cl) and 2.320 Å (P, trans to P). There are two types of isomerisms: cis-, trans- and distortion. In general, the derivatives with a cis-configuration are somewhat more distorted than that with a trans-configuration.
Current status and distribution of diurnal raptor species in the south-eastern Anatolia Region, Turkey
Authors: Karakaș Recep 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The status and distribution of diurnal raptor bird species were analysed in the south-eastern part of Turkey based on studies and records between 1994 and 2014. Our information about raptor species is very limited in the south-eastern Anatolia Region. The study showed that of 42 diurnal raptor species listed in Turkey, 37 of these species were found in the studied region; 9 of them are certainly, 4 probably and 1 possibly breeding in the area - according to the breeding criteria of the EBCC - while 17 of them were transitory migrating or wintering birds for the region, and the breeding/migratory status of 6 is unknown. Habitats lost and fragmentation related to agricultural intensification together with pesticide applications are the main hazards threatening wildlife including raptors in the region. So as to increase knowledge on raptors in south-eastern Anatolia and evaluate their populations, a coordinated education and research program is essential.
Das Vermögen der Familie des Mannum-mēšu-liṣṣur
Authors: Meinhold Wiebke 
Published: June 2015

Abstract:The family of Mannum-mēšu-liṣṣur belongs to the wealthy and well known families from Old Babylonian Nippur. This article will trace the development of its property through the eight documented generations spanning 150 years in total (Lipit-Enlil d to Samsu-iluna 29, ca. 1871–1721 B. C.). The study is based on 30 legal documents mentioning members of the family, and thus forming the archive of Mannum-mēšu-liṣṣur. Special attention will be paid to the inheritance documents.
Violence ritualisée en Anatolie hittite
Authors: Mouton Alice 
Published: June 2015

Abstract:À travers l’étude des attestations des verbes walḫ- « frapper » et ḫatt- « percer, transpercer » dans les textes religieux hittites, plusieurs pratiques de violence ritualisée seront mises en évidence. Celles-ci consistent principalement en bastonnades, flagellations ou percements de chair auto-infligés ou dispensés par d’autres en vue d’une purification, d’une oblation et/ou d’une mortification.
The ternary system Tm–Ni–In at 870 K
Authors: Tyvanchuk Yuriy B. , Lukachuk Maryana , Pöttgen Rainer , Szytuła Andrzej , Kalychak Yaroslav M. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The isothermal section of the Tm–Ni–In system at T = 870 K was constructed. Nine ternary compounds: Tm10Ni9In20, TmNi1–0.60In1–1.40, Tm2Ni2In, Tm2Ni1.78In, Tm5Ni2In4, Tm11Ni4In9, Tm4.83Ni2In1.17, Tm6Ni2In and Tm14Ni3In3 exist in the system at the temperature of investigation. Solid solutions with In/Ni and Tm/In mixing were noticed for numerous compounds. A broad substitution of Ni for In was observed for TmNi1–0.60In1–1.40, and of Tm for In for the TmNi2–TmNi4In section. An interstitial solid solution Tm
x
NiIn, based on binary equiatomic NiIn, extends up to 8 at.% Tm (x = 0.17). The magnetic properties of TmNiIn, Tm2Ni2In and Tm5Ni2In4 are also reviewed.