bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Death by Poisoning: A Ten-Year Survey of Dallas County
Authors: Garriott JC , DiMaio VJM , Petty CS 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
From 1971 through 1980, 1115 deaths were ascribed by the Dallas County Medical Examiner's Office to poisoning of some type. An analysis of these deaths, with emphasis on the substances involved, is the purpose of this study. Relatively few agents or groups of agents accounted for 87% of these deaths: carbon monoxide, barbiturates, propoxyphene, narcotics, tricyclic antidepressants, ethyl alcohol, and inhalants (gases and solvents). Twenty-five percent of the deaths were classified as mixed intoxications, resulting from combinations of agents. Two major trends were observed: in the second five-year period, barbiturate-induced deaths decreased considerably (58%) and deaths from tricyclic antidepressants increased more than four times as compared with the first five-year period. Yearly statistics have been compiled for deaths from each agent.
Cause of an Aberrant Phenotype: An Interesting Dilemma
Authors: Boudreau AJ , Andrus RH , Grunbaum BW 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIn a recent homicide case, the discovery of an unusual group specific component (Gc) pattern in a bloodstain provided compelling evidence linking the suspect to the scene of the crime. The phenotype could not be identified, nor could the source of the aberrant pattern be attributed to either the victim's parents. Some possible explanations are presented.
Homicide by Barbiturates and Alcohol
Authors: Edland JF 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Death from the misuse of alcohol and barbiturates is frequently encountered in most medical examiner/coroner offices. The cause of death is often quite apparent from the pathological and toxicological findings; however, the manner of death often gives the examining official some difficulty. The usual dilemma is to unravel whether the dead individual intentionally took the lethal combination in order to cause his/her own death or whether the combination was unintentionally ingested without awareness of the potentially lethal combination. The manner of death in these cases is either suicidal, accidental, or undetermined. A case is presented in which alcohol and barbiturates are the causes of death, but the manner of death is somewhat unusual in that it was administered by a second party with premeditation, deliberation, and intent to kill.
A Review of Law, Medicine, and Forensic Science
Authors: Mills DH 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
This is an excellent course book on legal medicine and scientific evidence, written, as expected, by renowned experts. This is the third edition of a book first published by Curran in 1960. Since then the subject has grown immensely—and so has the book, both in coverage and quality. It is remarkably up to date, containing appellate decisions that are less than a year old.
A Review of Traffic Management and Collision Investigation
Authors: Fisher BAJ 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Traffic Management and Collision Investigation is an introductory textbook on the subject consisting of 17 chapters covering topics such as collision scene management; driving while intoxicated; collision reconstruction; the hydroplaning phenomenon; collecting, quantifying, and recording collision evidence; traffic supervision; and traffic enforcement techniques, to highlight some of the major subjects. The bibliography is brief, with only 17 citations over the years 1947 to 1980.
Toxicological and Pathological Findings in Fatalities Involving Pentazocine and Tripelennamine
Authors: Monforte JR , Gault R , Smialek J , Goodin T 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Toxicological and pathological findings are described in fatalities involving pentazocine (Talwin®) and tripelennamine (Pyribenzamine®). Procedures using thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and spectrophotofluorometry are described, as well as the quantitative analysis of biological specimens of drug abuse and homicide victims. Microscopic findings in lung specimens from drug abuse deaths are also described.
New regression model for predicting hand‐arm vibration (HAV) of Malaysian Army (MA) three‐tonne truck steering wheels
Authors: Aziz Shamsul Akmar Ab , Nuawi Mohd Zaki , Nor Mohd Jailani Mohd 
Published: August 2015

New regression model for predicting hand‐arm vibration (HAV) of Malaysian Army (MA) three‐tonne truck steering wheels: Shamsul Akmar Ab Aziz, et al. Department of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), MalaysiaObjectiveThe objective of this study was to present a new method for determination of hand‐arm vibration (HAV) in Malaysian Army (MA) three‐tonne truck steering wheels based on changes in vehicle speed using regression model and the statistical analysis method known as Integrated Kurtosis‐Based Algorithm for Z‐Notch Filter Technique Vibro (I‐kaz Vibro).MethodologyThe test was conducted for two different road conditions, tarmac and dirt roads. HAV exposure was measured using a Brüel & Kjær Type 3649 vibration analyzer, which is capable of recording HAV exposures from steering wheels. The data was analyzed using Ikaz Vibro to determine the HAV values in relation to varying speeds of a truck and to determine the degree of data scattering for HAV data signals.ResultsBased on the results obtained, HAV experienced by drivers can be determined using the daily vibration exposure A(8), I‐kaz Vibro coefficient (Ƶv ∞), and the I‐kaz Vibro display. The I‐kaz Vibro displays also showed greater scatterings, indicating that the values of Ƶv ∞ and A(8) were increasing. Prediction of HAV exposure was done using the developed regression model and graphical representations of Ƶv ∞. The results of the regression model showed that Ƶ∞ increased when the vehicle speed and HAV exposure increased.DiscussionFor model validation, predicted and measured noise exposures were compared, and high coefficient of correlation (R2) values were obtained, indicating that good agreement was obtained between them. By using the developed regression model, we can easily predict HAV exposure from steering wheels for HAV exposure monitoring.
Endothelial Cell Sensitization by Death Receptor Fractions of an Anti–Dengue Nonstructural Protein 1 Antibody Induced Plasma Leakage, Coagulopathy, and Mortality in Mice
Authors: Sun Der-Shan , Chang Ying-Chen , Lien Te-Sheng , King Chwan-Chuen , Shih Yung-Luen , Huang Hsuan-Shun , Wang Teng-Yi , Li Chen-Ru , Lee Chin-Cheng , Hsu Ping-Ning , Chang Hsin-Hou 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The mechanisms leading to the life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) remain elusive. DHF preferentially occurs during secondary dengue infections, suggesting that aberrant immune responses are involved in its development. We previously demonstrated that the autoantibodies elicited by dengue virus (DENV) nonstructural protein 1 (NS1; anti–NS1 Igs) induce plasma leakage and mortality in mice with warfarinized anticoagulant suppression. However, the involved pathogenic Ig fractions of anti–NS1 Igs remain unclear. In this study, the autoreactive Igs in patients with DHF and in NS1-immunized rabbits crossreacted with TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 1 (death receptor [DR]4). Challenges with the DENV in a subcytotoxic dose sensitized endothelial cells to apoptosis. Treatments with the autoantibodies induced proapoptotic activities and suppressed the surface expression of endothelial anticoagulant thrombomodulin. Combined treatments comprising the DENV and DR4 affinity-purified fractions of anti–NS1 IgGs (anti–NS1-DR4 Ig), but not preimmune control IgGs, in subcytotoxic doses led to apoptosis in endothelial cells. Treatments with the anti–NS1-DR4 Ig led to plasma leakage, coagulopathy, and morality in mice with warfarinized anticoagulant suppression. These results suggest that DR4-induced endothelial cell sensitization through NS1-elicited autoantibodies exacerbates anticoagulant suppression, vascular injury, and plasma leakage. Detecting and blocking anti–DR Igs in patients may be novel strategies for managing severe DENV infection.
MyD88 Signaling Regulates Steady-State Migration of Intestinal CD103+ Dendritic Cells Independently of TNF-α and the Gut Microbiota
Authors: Hägerbrand Karin , Westlund Jessica , Yrlid Ulf , Agace William , Johansson-Lindbom Bengt 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis and induction of systemic tolerance to fed Ags (i.e., oral tolerance) rely on the steady-state migration of small intestinal lamina propria dendritic cells (DCs) into draining mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). The majority of these migratory DCs express the α integrin chain CD103, and in this study we demonstrate that the steady-state mobilization of CD103+ DCs into the MLN is in part governed by the IL-1R family/TLR signaling adaptor molecule MyD88. Similar to mice with complete MyD88 deficiency, specific deletion of MyD88 in DCs resulted in a 50–60% reduction in short-term accumulation of both CD103+CD11b+ and CD103+CD11b− DCs in the MLN. DC migration was independent of caspase-1, which is responsible for the inflammasome-dependent proteolytic activation of IL-1 cytokine family members, and was not affected by treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Consistent with the latter finding, the proportion and phenotypic composition of DCs were similar in mesenteric lymph from germ-free and conventionally housed mice. Although TNF-α was required for CD103+ DC migration to the MLN after oral administration of the TLR7 agonist R848, it was not required for the steady-state migration of these cells. Similarly, TLR signaling through the adaptor molecule Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-β and downstream production of type I IFN were not required for steady-state CD103+ DC migration. Taken together, our results demonstrate that MyD88 signaling in DCs, independently of the microbiota and TNF-α, is required for optimal steady-state migration of small intestinal lamina propria CD103+ DCs into the MLN.
The fractured Moon: Production and saturation of porosity in the lunar highlands from impact cratering
Authors: Soderblom Jason M. , Evans Alexander J. , Johnson Brandon C. , Melosh H. Jay , Miljković Katarina , Phillips Roger J. , Andrews‐Hanna Jeffrey C. , Bierson Carver J. , Head James W. , Milbury Colleen , Neumann Gregory A. , Nimmo Francis , Smith David E. , Solomon Sean C. , Sori Michael M. , Wieczorek Mark A. , Zuber Maria T. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe have analyzed the Bouguer anomaly (BA) of ~1200 complex craters in the lunar highlands from Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory observations. The BA of these craters is generally negative, though positive BA values are observed, particularly for smaller craters. Crater BA values scale inversely with crater diameter, quantifying how larger impacts produce more extensive fracturing and dilatant bulking. The Bouguer anomaly of craters larger than
km in diameter is independent of crater size, indicating that there is a limiting depth to impact‐generated porosity, presumably from pore collapse associated with either overburden pressure or viscous flow. Impact‐generated porosity of the bulk lunar crust is likely in a state of equilibrium for craters smaller than ~30 km in diameter, consistent with an ~8 km thick lunar megaregolith, whereas the gravity signature of larger craters is still preserved and provides new insight into the cratering record of even the oldest lunar surfaces.
On the variation of the ionospheric potential due to large‐scale radioactivity enhancement and solar activity
Authors: Slyunyaev Nikolay N. , Mareev Evgeny A. , Zhidkov Artem A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSensitivity of the global electric circuit (GEC) to variations of atmospheric conductivity and current sources is analyzed and discussed. When the undisturbed exponential conductivity profile is assumed all over the Earth, the most substantial changes in the ionospheric potential (IP) are caused by conductivity perturbations inside thunderstorms; if, in addition, conductivity reduction inside thunderstorms and nonelectrified clouds is assumed, the IP becomes less sensitive to conductivity perturbations; besides, the IP is even more sensitive to source current variations than to conductivity. Current source and voltage source descriptions of GEC generators are compared; it is shown that the IP variation may critically depend on the chosen description. As an application, the IP variation due to nuclear weapons testing is studied; it is shown that neither local nor global increase of conductivity in the stratosphere could alone explain the observed 40% IP increase in the 1960s; at the same time this increase might be accounted for by a 40% increase in the source current density or a 46% reduction of the conductivity inside thunderstorms, provided that it was not reduced initially. The IP variation due to solar activity and, in particular, due to solar modulation of galactic cosmic ray flux is also discussed and modeled, which required an adequate parameterization of the rate of atmospheric ion pair production over the solar cycle. It is estimated that the maximum IP variation on the scale of the solar cycle does not exceed 5% of the mean value, unless source current perturbations are taken into account.
Removal of Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+ from phosphoric acid solution using the chitosan‐modified natural zeolite
Authors: Kussainova M. Z. , Chernyakovа R. M. , Jussipbekov U. Z. , Pasa S. , Temel H. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractSorption ability of the chitosan‐modified natural zeolite for Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+ cations was investigated. The influence of time and concentration of heavy metals on their sorption from concentrated (85% H3PO4) phosphoric acid was determined. At 20 and 40 min of sorption curves, there are a number of maxima probably due to desorption of cations from the sorbent into the acid. According to the results, sorption of the modified zeolite for lead cation is the least in the whole interval of time. In the case of equal concentrations of all cations (CPb = CCd = CCu), sorption of lead, cadmium, and copper was 94.81–95.09%, 96.55–97.50%, and 97.53–98.14%, respectively. Sorption curves in the case of equal Pb2+ and Cd2+, but higher concentrations of Cu2+, are the same for all cations. Sorption of cadmium varies from 95.48% to 97.55%. Copper and lead sorbed in a less amount, in the case of (СРb = СCd < СCu), their sorption in 10 min was 95.42% and 97.55%, respectively. As in the case of equal concentrations of all cations (CPb = CCd = CCu), the sorptions of copper, cadmium, and lead were (92.09–96.93%), (92.13–95.37%), and (91.35–94.45%), respectively, in the case of (СРb = СCu < СCd).Physico‐chemical methods of analysis are as follows: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction patterns, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller have shown that natural zeolite is activated without destroying the structure and adsorbs lead, as well as cadmium and copper cations. © 2015 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interstitial Outburst of Angiogenic Factors During Skeletal Muscle Regeneration After Acute Mechanical Trauma
Authors: Ceafalan Laura Cristina , Manole Emilia , Tanase Cristiana Pistol , Codrici Elena , Mihai Simona , Gonzalez Aldebarani , Popescu Bogdan Ovidiu 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTAngiogenesis is a key event during tissue regeneration, but the intimate mechanisms controlling this process are still largely unclear. Therefore, the cellular and molecular interplay along normal tissue regeneration should be carefully unveiled. To this matter, we investigated by xMAP assay the dynamics of some angiogenic factors known to be involved in tissue repair, such as follistatin (FST), Placental Growth Factor‐2 (PLGF‐2), epidermal growth factor (EGF), betacellulin (BTC), and amphiregulin (AREG) using an animal model that mimics acute muscle contusion injuries. In situ immunofluorescence was used for the evaluation and tissue distribution of their cellular sources. Tissue levels of explored factors increased significantly during degeneration and inflammatory stage of regeneration, peaking first week postinjury. However, except for PLGF‐2 and EGF, their levels remained significantly elevated after the inflammatory process started to fade. Serum levels were significantly increased only after 24 h for AREG and EGF. Though, for all factors except FST, the levels in injured samples did not correlate with serum or contralateral tissue levels, excluding the systemic influence. We found significant correlations between the levels of EGF and AREG, BTC, FST and FST and AREG in injured samples. Interstitial cells expressing these factors were highlighted by in situ immunolabeling and their number correlated with measured levels dynamics. Our study provides evidence of a dynamic level variation along the regeneration process and a potential interplay between selected angiogenic factors. They are synthesized, at least partially, by cell populations residing in skeletal muscle interstitium during regeneration after acute muscle trauma. Anat Rec, 298:1864–1879, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tuning Method for Fractional Complex Order Controller Using Standardized k‐Chart: Application to Pemfc Control
Authors: Shahiri Masoomeh , Ranjbar Noei Abolfazl , Karami Mohammad Reza , Ghaderi Reza 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis manuscript presents an approach to tune parameters of fractional complex order controllers (FCOC). The design procedure uses the basic characteristics of fractional complex order dynamic for an open‐loop transfer function. In essence, the procedure satisfies restrictions, which are stated in terms of the gain and phase margins, together with satisfying an upper and lower bounds of sensitivity and complementary sensitivity functions. In the FCOC algorithm, the main part of the design procedure is to solve highly nonlinear equations and inequality form constraints. This is innovatively performed and graphically provided in so‐called standardized charts, regardless and independent of the plant. These charts will be plotted for different gains of the complex order open‐loop transfer function, that is, k.L(s). Investigating the trend of k‐chart implies that increasing k and simultaneously decreasing the value of imaginary order b, increases the closed‐loop time indices without risk of instability. The provided charts propose region of possible values of FCOC parameters for different amounts of sensitivity functions constraints. Accordingly, the designer only needs to select the proper curve and the solution area according to the target of the controller. This research also proposes a routine design procedure for FCOC especially for beginners in the literature. Optimized parameters will then be selected from the small solution area according to possible extra constraint(s). Performance of the proposed approach will be verified in an application of the PEMFC model through simulation. A comparative study of the outcome will be made using the CRONE toolbox, fractional order proportional–integral (FO‐PI) and H∞ controllers. The study confirms significance of the proposed design algorithm in the field of the FCOC.
State‐Feedback Stabilization of Stochastic Nonlinear Systems with Time‐Varying Delay and Different Orders
Authors: Wang Tiancheng , Li Wuquan 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis paper studies the problem of state feedback stabilization for a class of stochastic time‐varying delay nonlinear systems which are neither necessarily feedback linearizable nor affine in the control input. Based on the backstepping design method and the adding of a power integrator technique, a state feedback controller is constructed to ensure the origin of closed‐loop system is globally asymptotically stable in probability. The main design difficulty is how to deal with the different power orders, time‐varying delay and the nonsmooth system perturbations. The efficiency of the state feedback controller is demonstrated by a simulation example.
Perioperative considerations in Walker–Warburg syndrome
Authors: Valk Madelous J.A. , Loer Stephan A. , Schober Patrick , Dettwiler Saskia 
Published: August 2015

Key Clinical MessageWalker–Warburg syndrome is a rare congenital disorder. Several features, including muscular dystrophy, hydrocephalus, and oropharyngeal abnormalities, have important implications in the perioperative setting. We present a case of general anesthesia in an infant and discuss perioperative considerations to guide clinicians faced with the management of patients with this syndrome.
Protein Labelling with Versatile Phosphorescent Metal Complexes for Live Cell Luminescence Imaging
Authors: Connell Timothy U. , James Janine. L. , White Anthony R. , Donnelly Paul S. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractTo take advantage of the luminescent properties of d6 transition metal complexes to label proteins, versatile bifunctional ligands were prepared. Ligands that contain a 1,2,3‐triazole heterocycle were synthesised using CuI catalysed azide–alkyne cycloaddition “click” chemistry and were used to form phosphorescent IrIII and RuII complexes. Their emission properties were readily tuned, by changing either the metal ion or the co‐ligands. The complexes were tethered to the metalloprotein transferrin using several conjugation strategies. The IrIII/RuII–protein conjugates could be visualised in cancer cells using live cell imaging for extended periods without significant photobleaching. These versatile phosphorescent protein‐labelling agents could be widely applied to other proteins and biomolecules and are useful alternatives to conventional organic fluorophores for several applications.
Can hepatic resection provide a long‐term cure for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma?
Authors: Spolverato Gaya , Vitale Alessandro , Cucchetti Alessandro , Popescu Irinel , Marques Hugo P. , Aldrighetti Luca , Gamblin T. Clark , Maithel Shishir K. , Sandroussi Charbel , Bauer Todd W. , Shen Feng , Poultsides George A. , Marsh J. Wallis , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUNDA patient can be considered statistically cured from a specific disease when their mortality rate returns to the same level as that of the general population. In the current study, the authors sought to assess the probability of being statistically cured from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) by hepatic resection.METHODSA total of 584 patients who underwent surgery with curative intent for ICC between 1990 and 2013 at 1 of 12 participating institutions were identified. A nonmixture cure model was adopted to compare mortality after hepatic resection with the mortality expected for the general population matched by sex and age.RESULTSThe median, 1‐year, 3‐year, and 5‐year disease‐free survival was 10 months, 44%, 18%, and 11%, respectively; the corresponding overall survival was 27 months, 75%, 37%, and 22%, respectively. The probability of being cured of ICC was 9.7% (95% confidence interval, 6.1%‐13.4%). The mortality of patients undergoing surgery for ICC was higher than that of the general population until year 10, at which time patients alive without tumor recurrence can be considered cured with 99% certainty. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that cure probabilities ranged from 25.8% (time to cure, 9.8 years) in patients with a single, well‐differentiated ICC measuring ≤5 cm that was without vascular/periductal invasion and lymph nodes metastases versus <0.1% (time to cure, 12.6 years) among patients with all 6 of these risk factors. A model with which to calculate cure fraction and time to cure was developed.CONCLUSIONSThe cure model indicated that statistical cure was possible in patients undergoing hepatic resection for ICC. The overall probability of cure was approximately 10% and varied based on several tumor‐specific factors.Cancer2015;121:3998–4006.©2015 American Cancer Society.