bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elektronenstoßspektrometrische Bestimmung von Besetzungsdichten in einem Heliumplasma / Determination of Population Densities in a Helium Plasma by Electron Impact Spectroscopy
Authors: Boersch H. , Geiger J. , Topschowsky M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Determination The energy spectrum of a narrow electron beam (primary energy 25 keV, energetic width 0,08 eV) has been measured after having passed a low voltage helium discharge constricted by a metal capillary. Besides the resonance series, which is characteristic for the helium atoms in the ground state, electron energy losses are found due to transitions from excited states. In addition superelastic collisions occur which are caused by de-excitation processes. Population densities of the atoms in excited states are derived from the intensities in the electron energy spectrum using the wellknown transition probabilities. The result is compared with population densities obtained by means of Saha's equation as well as with those in both cases.
Lassen sich Quantenzustände als Ensembles streufreier Zustände darstellen? II / Can quantum-states be considered as ensembles of dispersionfree states? II
Authors: Ochs W . 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
In part I of this paper we constructed a model representing quantum states by ensembles of dispersionsfree states. In part II we study further properties of this model and analyse their logical relations. It is also shown that the main results do not depend on the assumption that each self-adjoint operator corresponds to an observable.
Ein Mikrowellen-Mikrowellen-Doppelresonanz-Spektrograph mit gekreuzten Feldern
Authors: Rudolph H. D. , Dreizler H. , Andresen U. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Es wird ein Mikrowellen-Mikrowellen-Doppelresonanz-Spektrograph mit gekreuzten Feldern beschrieben. Dieser Spektrograph hat den Vorteil, daß vom experimentellen Aufbau her die Pump-und Signalfrequenz unabhängig voneinander sind. Die theoretische Linienform für gekreuzte Felder wird abgeleitet und den entsprechenden Messungen gegenübergestellt.
Investigations on Diffuse Reflectance Spectra of V2O5 Powder
Authors: Karvaly Bela , Hevesi Imre 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
On the base of Schuster-Kubelka-Munk's theory, quantitative relations between the bulk absorp­ tion and diffuse reflectance spectra of undiluted and diluted semiconductor powder samples are established in the region of the long-wave tail of the absorption edge. Investigations in the long­ wave region of the diffuse reflectance spectra of V2O5, based on these relations, led to the result that in contradiction with earlier observations on single crystals7, 22, 27, allowed direct optical transitions between valence band and conduction band do not seem to be excluded. Quantitative optical activation energies are obtained from diffuse reflectance spectra.
Electronic Spectra of Antimony Monobromide
Authors: Avasthi M.N. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Antimony monobromide was excited with the help of a microwave oscillator of 2450 mega cycles. Three new band systems in emission have been observed in the regions 2950 -3020 Å, 3050 - 3340 Å and 4905 -5340 Å; of which the first two have been discussed in this paper. All bands are degraded towards the red; they have been classified and attributed to the new molecule SbBr. Isotopic effects due to Br79 and Br81 have been observed in one of the systems.
Zur Selbststabilisierung der Gegenstromelektrolyse bei Verwendung starker Säuren als Gegenstromelektrolyten
Authors: Bilal B.A. , Mühlig B. , Schwarz B. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Es wurden Bedingungen ermittelt, bei denen eine Selbststabilisierung der Salzverteilung bei Verwendung starker Säuren als Gegenstromelektrolyten möglich ist. Die Grenzen, innerhalb derer sich die Selbststabilisierung vollzieht, wurden diskutiert.
Einfluß der Rotation auf die Lebensdauer prädissoziierender Moleküle
Authors: Comes F. J. , Schumpe G. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The D 1∏u - X1∑g
+system of H2 and D2 shows strong predissociation. High resolution m easurements on the line widths of isolated absorption lines have been carried out, showing the influence of rotation on the predissociation probability of the corresponding rotational states. Their lifetime decreases with increasing rotation of the molecule and with decreasing mass due to the coupling of electronic and rotational motion. Both results are in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions given by Kronig.
The shape of the absorption lines broadened by predissociation was found to be typically asymmetric. They are of the Beutler type, well known form the autoionisation of the rare gases.
Infrarot-und Raman-Spektren von TiCl4/TiBr4-Gemischen
Authors: Bürger Hans , Kluess Carsten , Wiegel Klaus , Höfler Friedrich 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Die Raman- und Fern-IR-Spektren der Verbindungen TiClnBr4-n (n = 0 - 4) wurden aufgenommen und durch Kraftfelder wiedergegeben, die sich von TiCl4 und TiBr4 herleiten. Die Ergebnisse erweisen eindeutig die Anwesenheit aller Zwischenglieder in statistischer Verteilung, sichern die lückenlose Zuordnung der gemessenen Spektren und bestätigen die Übertragbarkeit von Kraftkonstanten für eine Gruppe von Übergangsmetall-Verbindungen.
Level-Crossing-Untersuchung des 6p 2P3/2-Terms im Au I-Spektrum durch Resonanz­streuung von Licht im elektrischen und magnetischen Feld zur Bestimmung der Hyperfeinstrukturtermordnung / Stark Effect Investigation of the 6p 2P3/2-State in Au I -Spectrum in Order to Determine the Signs of the Hyperfine Structure Constants
Authors: Einfeld D. , Ney J. , Wilken J. 
Published: February 2015

Level crossing technique, applying parallel electric and magnetic fields, has been used to determine the signs of the hyperfine structure constants A and B as well as the magnitude of the Stark-constant β . From the Stark-shift of the signal at 45 Oe in the wing of the Hanle-effect and of the level-crossing near 140 Oe to higher magnetic field strengths the ratios A/β > 0 and B/ß > 0 could be determined. An estimation of β by calculating the electric dipole matrix elements with Coulomb approximation yields a positive sign. Both signals and their shift with electric field then can be explained with the following results:
A = + 14.0 (5) Mc/sec; 5=+327.6 (1.6) Mc/sec and β= +5.7(3) (kc/sec) (kV/cm)-2.
Level Structure of 143Pr from γ Decay
Authors: Bashandy E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The γ decay of 143Ce has been investigated using both a Ge(Li) γ ray and a high resolution iron free double focusing β-ray spectrometer. In addition to γ rays previously reported, more γ rays could be observed. Internal conversion coefficients and multipolarities of γ transitions were determined. Ten excited nuclear energy states have been established in 143Pr at 57, 341, 491, 722, 939, 1045, 1061, 1161, 1382 and 1452 keV. Possible spin values have been assigned to all these states on the basis of conversion coefficients of γ rays. The level structure of 143Pr is discussed in terms of existing nuclear models.
Low Temperature Heat Capacities of Transition Metal Borides
Authors: Hanson B. D. , Mahnig M . , Toth Louis E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Low temperature heat capacities from 1.5 to 15 K have been measured for a number of transition metal borides with the compositions Me2B, MeB and MeB2 , and their solid solutions. The measurements show that the borides are characterized by a narrow d-band with a relatively large density of electron states. The variation of γ with position of the transition metal in the Periodic Table for the borides is considerably different from that of the transition metals and solid solutions. This result suggests considerable differences in the shapes of the respective band struc­tures. There is evidence for an electron transfer from the boron atoms to the d-bands of the transition metal.
Vibration Spectra and Debye Temperatures of Some Transition Metals
Authors: Sharma P. K. , Semwal B. S. , Mehrotra K. N. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The lattice vibration spectra and the associated constant volume specific heats of the transition metals niobium, tantalum, chromium, and palladium have been determined by using Sharma and Joshi's three-force constant model which includes the effect of electrons on lattice vibrations in metals. The calculated values of the specific heats and the equivalent Debye temperatures are com­pared with available calorimetric data. The frequency versus wave vector dispersion relations along the three major symmetry directions of chromium and palladium are determined and compared with curves deduced from recent neutron scattering experiments. Reasonably satisfactory agreement between theory and experiment is obtained.
Interdiffusion Studies in Molten Alkali Nitrates
Authors: Arvidsson Torkel E. G. , Afsenius Sven-Åke , Gustafsson Silas E. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Interdiffusion of anions in fused alkali nitrates has been studied with a plane source diffusion technique; the concentration gradients in the diffusion cell being measured with a wave-front-shearing interferometer. By choosing the same cations in the experiments the diffusional mixing of different anions at low concentrations into three alkali nitrates has been studied. The diffusion coefficients of F- and Br- in LiNO3; F-, Br-, I-, CO3
2-, and SO4
2- in NaNO3; and I- and CO3
2- in RbNO3 were obtained over a temperature range of some 100 °C above the melting point of the different solvents.
Zum Einfluß elektrischer Felder auf den Szintillationsprozeß in CsJ/Tl
Authors: Scharmann A. , Traunfelder H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The luminescence yield of CsJ/Tl-crystals under the influence of electric fields is investigated. At excitation with ionizing radiation the intensity depends on the incident particles and their differential energy loss. The Tl-centres are not influenced by the electric field during UV-irradiation, while at β-and γ-excitation a decrease of luminescence intensity is observed, depending on the Tl-concentration. When a-irradiated, the intensity of the Tl-band remains unaffected. The possible mechanisms of the energy transfer are discussed in terms of the excitation density and Tl-concen­tration.
Random Walk Theory of Elastic and Inelastic Time Dependent Collisional Processes in an Electric Field
Authors: Englert Gerald W. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Random walk theory is applied to the motion of electrons in the early stage of breakdown of helium in an electric field. Details of inelastic and elastic interactions are based on integral and differential cross section data. The concept of mean free time is extended to include the effect of acceleration between collisions due to the electric field.
The relaxation of electron energy distributions from initial delta functions to steady terminal distriubtions is studied. Relaxation time determined by the random walk is shown to be closely approximated by a simple energy exchange relation between electrons and the electric field.
Drift velocity and the first Townsend ionization coefficient are determined and compared with experimental results. Various simplifying assumptions which have been used in analytical studies are appraised by use of the random walk procedure.
Die Anwendung eines gittergesteuerten Multipliers bei Fluoreszenzuntersuchungen im Nano-und Subnanosekundengebiet
Authors: Fielder O. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A gated image-converter was developed for measurements of fast electron (50 keV) excited fluorescence rise-and decay-times. Crystals of pure anthracene, p-terphenyl and p-terphenyl doped with tetracene give simple exponential decays (24 nsec and 3.5 nsec for pure anthracene and p-therphenyl respectively) but the rise has more interpreted as a many stage excitation process.
Spectroscopic Analysis with Calculated Mean Amplitudes for P4O6 and P4O10
Authors: Cyvin S. J. , Cyvin B. N. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Normal coordinate analyses are reported for P4O6 and P4O10 . Harmonic force constants are given in terms of precisely defined symmetry coordinates. The force fields are used to calculate mean amplitudes of vibration, which are compared with electron diffraction data, and some discrepancies are discussed. Calculated atomic vibration mean-square amplitudes, which are of interest in crystallographic studies, are also given.
Experimental and Theoretical Study of the “Intrinsic Contribution” to the Heat of Transport
Authors: Crolet J. L. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The thermotransport of divalent Sr, Cd and Mn ions in silver chloride and bromide has been investigated experimentally. A model for the intrinsic contribution to the heat of transport is proposed. This model is used to interpret our experiments, together with other experiments reported in the literature, namely the thermoelectric power of pure silver chloride and bromide, and the thermotransport of antimony in silver and copper metals.
Nonlinear Frequency Shift in Acoustoelectric Domains in GaAs
Authors: Wonneberger W. , Schulz M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A Bommel-Dransfeld technique is used to analyse the frequency spectrum in GaAs acousto­ electric domains up to 8 GHz. Parametric frequency conversion is found to be only dominant at the very onset of domain formation. In the strongly nonlinear regime, the amplified noise is mainly concentrated around the shifting frequency of maximum nonlinear gain. The shift of the maximum gain frequency is generally discussed by a theory of nonlinear ultrasound amplification. An evaluation of the measured frequency shifts by this theory leads to the simple relation |x| ≈ 2 y between the domain electric field and the bunching rate.
Anwendung der SCF-MO-P(LCGO)-Methode auf einige Kohlenwasserstoffe
Authors: Preuss H. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Nach einer kurzen Einführung wird das SCF-MO-P(LCGO)-Verfahren auf die Verbindungen Methan, Äthan, Propan, Isobutan, Tetramethylmethan und Methyl-Cyclohexan angewendet und gezeigt, daß auf diese Weise qualitative Aussagen über die Elektronenverteilungen erhalten werden können, die sogar zu einer guten Proportionalität bezüglich der exakten Werte führen. Andererseits erlaubt die Analyse der Elektronenverteilungen, „effektive Atomladungszahlen“ einzuführen, deren Verlauf innerhalb eines Moleküls Anhaltspunkte für die Ladungsverteilung liefert.
Thermodynamik heterogener Gasgleichgewichte
Authors: Neumann G.M. , Knatz W. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Zur thermodynamischen Berechnung der chemischen Transportreaktionen in den W olfram-Halo­gen - Sauerstoff-Systemen werden auf Grund empirischer Betrachtungen der Bindungsverhältnisse in den Molekülen die freien Bildungsenthalpien ⊿GB
0 der Verbindungen WO2Br2 , WOBr4 , WO2J2 und der noch hypothetischen Verbindungen WO2F2 und WOJ4 für Temperaturen zwischen 500 und 3600 K ermittelt. Ferner werden die Gleichgewichtskonstanten Kp für die Bildung der entsprechen­ den Verbindungen aus den Elementen im Normalzustand berechnet. Die Daten zeigen eine sehr hohe Stabilität der Wolframoxihalogenverbindungen und deuten auf eine wesentliche Beteiligung der Wolframoxihalogenide am Reaktionsgeschehen in den Systemen Wolfram - Halogen - Sauerstoff.
Zweiquanten-Prozesse in den ESR-Spektren von Halogenatomen
Authors: Tiedemann P. , Schindler R.N. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Die Beobachtung von Zweiquanten-Absorptionsprozessen im optischen Bereich ist durch den Einsatz lichtstarker Laser ermöglicht worden. Erst diese hohen Bestrahlungsstärken erlauben die Untersuchung nichtlinearer Absorptionsvorgänge1. Mehrquantenübergänge zwischen Zeeman-Niveaus dagegen treten in günstigen Fällen bereits bei verhältnismäßig niedrigen Energiedichten auf 2, 3. Eine quantitative Analyse der Einbis Vierquantenübergänge in atomarem Sauerstoff ist in einer vorangegangenen Mitteilung beschrieben worden4. Dieser Beitrag behandelt Zweiquantenübergänge zwischen Zeeman- Niveaus in Halogenatomen.
Precision Measurement of Transition and Level Energies in 233U
Authors: Egidy T. von , Schult O.W.B. , Kallinger W. , Breitig D. , Sharma R.P. , Koch H.R. , Baader H.A. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Gamma ray energies in 233U following the decay of 233Pa were measured with the Risö bent crystal spectrometer. These gamma lines were detected during the study of the 232Th(n,y)233Th reaction. Experimental details will be given elsewhere1. The energies were calibrated with the X-ray lines2 and the annihilation line3. The energies of seven transitions between 270 and 420 keV were determined with an accuracy which is up to a factor of 10 better than previous measurements by Albridge, Hollander, Gallagher, and Hamilton4. The transition energies are shown in the level scheme 4, 5 (Fig. 1 ) . A least squares program was used to fit the level energies to the seven transition energies obtained in this experiment and to four transition energies (below 103 keV) measured precisely by Albridge et al. 4. Level energies could be calculated with an accuracy of about 20 eV (Fig. 1).
Photoablösung von Elektronen bei Si- und NH2
-
Authors: Feldmann D. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Mit einer bei früheren Messungen1 erprobten Apparatur wurden die Untersuchungen über die Photoablösung von Elektronen bei stabilen negativen Ionen fortgesetzt. Für Photonenenergien zwischen 0,5 eV und 3,5 eV wurden Größe und Energieabhängigkeit des Wirkungsquerschnittes bei Si- und NH2
- bestimmt. Si--Ionen wurden aus SiCl4 mit einer Stromstärke von 10-9 A erzeugt. Bei Si- hat der gemessene Wirkungsquerschnitt (Abb. 1) eine niederenergetische Schwelle bei einer korrigierten Photonenenergie von (0,56 ± 0,04) eV und einen zweiten Anstieg bei etwa 1,3 eV.
The E2/M1 Multipole Mixing Ratios of the 2' +→ 2 + Transitions in 192Pt and 194Pt
Authors: Bashandy E. 
Published: February 2015

The multipole mixing of 2'+ → 2+ transitions in 192Pt and 194Pt has been determined by measuring the absolute K-internal conversion coefficients. The experiments are performed by means of an iron - free double focusing electron spectrometer and Ge(Li) detector. The measurements yield the following values of the E2 : Ml mixing ratio δ:
δ(296) in 192Pt = 6.0 ±0.5,
δ(293) in 194Pt=6.24 ± 0.55.
The results are compared with angular correlation measurements.
Zur "Abbildung" komplexer Bildfunktionen in der Elektronenmikroskopie
Authors: Hoppe W. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
New developments in the image reconstruction procedures for electron microscopy proposed by us are reported here. Reconstruction procedures with visible light for complex functions are described. In one variant of the procedure bright field micrographs for various tilting of the primary beam are combined. It is shown that in this case a further increase in resolution by a factor of 2 and simultaneous improvement in depth of focus are attainable. The depth of focus is at least equivalent to that of a normal instrument working with a wavelength of λ/4. It is shown that zone correction plates can be used in the microscope according to the same principle. The higher resolution improves the discrimination between heavy and light atoms with the aid of anomalous scattering. The discrimination by anomalous scattering is compared with that attainable by elastic-inelastic scattering (in Crewe's Scanning Microscope) at various resolutions. Some preliminary experiments have been done.
Ein Beitrag zu der Erscheinung der Granulation in der Optik / A Contribution to the Phenomenon of Granularity in Optics
Authors: Barlai P. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
A Contribution to the Phenomenon of Granularity in Optics Described is a new experiment which produces the known phenomenon of granularity of objects in diffuse coherent light, in the same way for certain image formations of objects in diffuse incoherent light.
Die Molekülstruktur des Cyclooctins C8H12
Authors: Haase Joachim , Krebs Adolf 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Die Molekülstruktur des Cyclooctins wurde mit Hilfe der Methode der Elektronenbeugung an Gasen bestimmt. Dabei ergaben sich die in Tab. 1 zusammengestellten Strukturdaten, die im Zusammenhang mit anderen molekülphysikalischen Untersuchungen am Cyclooctin diskutiert werden.
Instabilitäten in der Emissionsverteilung farbstoffgeschalteter Rubinlaser
Authors: Aussenegg F. , Möckel P. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Theoretische Überlegungen zeigen, daß die Emission eines Riesenimpulslasers mit Farbstoff-schalter bei einem kurzen Resonator in einzelne "Filament-Moden" transversal nullter Ordnung zerfallen kann. Dies kommt dadurch zustande, daß die einzelnen Volumenelemente des Farbstoffschalters unabhängig voneinander den Resonator auf hohe Güte schalten können. Bei langen Resonatoren und beim Schalten mit aktiven Schaltern sollte dieser Effekt nicht auftreten. Es werden Experimente an einem Rubinlaser beschrieben, die diese Überlegungen bestätigen. Filament-Moden bedingen lokal hohe Strahlungsintensitäten und können dadurch zur Zerstörung optischer Bauteile im Resonator führen.
Microwave Spectrum, Dipole Moment and Quadrupole Coupling Constants of Orthofluoropyridine
Authors: Sharma S. D. , Doraiswamy S. , Legell H. , Mäder H. , Sutter D. 
Published: February 2015

The rotational spectrum of 2-fluoropyridine has been analyzed in the region between 7 - 40 GHz. The rotational constants for the vibrational ground state are: A = 5870.90 MHz, 5 = 2699.96 MHz, C = 1849.26 MHz. The small inertia defect indicates that the nuclear frame is planar. The two components of the electric dipole moment were obtained from Stark effect measurements: μa = 2.80 ± 0.06 D, μb = 1.87 ± 0.05 D. These values agree well with an INDO closed molecular orbital calculation done at T.I.F.R. From the hyperfine splittings of the rotational line the 14N nuclear quadrupole coupling constant are determined. The values are :
Χaa=-0.02±0.05 MHz, Xbb = -2.80±0.05 MHz, Xcc = +2.82±0.05 MHz
Thermal Emission of Electrons from Liquid Helium
Authors: Schoepe W . , Rayfield G . W . 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
The free surface of liquid helium acts as an energy barrier for electrons crossing the surface from the liquid into the vapor. The barrier is shown to be induced by the dielectric image-potential acting on the electrons below the liquid vapor interface. The application of an extracting electric field across the surface reduces the barrier and leads to a potential well below the surface which traps the electrons for extended periods of time. The escape into the vapor phase is shown to be dominated by thermal diffusion from the potential well according to Smoluchowski's equation. By measuring the escape rate a barrier height of 43.8 ± 0.7 K has been found. The top of the well lies 25 Å below the liquid vapor interface. Close to the λ-point and at higher temperatures the escape rate deviates from the theory. The relevancy of the present work for previous and further investigations of thermal eelctron emission from liquid helium is discussed.
On the Acceleration of a Superconducting Macroparticle in a Magnetic Travelling Wave Accelerator
Authors: Anderson D. , Claflin S. , Winterberg F. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
Two models for describing the operation of a magnetic travelling wave accelerator, the transmission line model and the lumped parameter model, are analyzed. For both cases the current distribution and the magnetic field are calculated. It is shown that the transmission line model can be obtained as the limiting case of the lumped parameter model. It is then assumed that a superconducting solenoid with large persistent currents is used as a projectile with a constant magnetic dipole moment. The motion of this projectile is studied in the case of ignorable flux interaction. The conditions for phase and rotational stability are obtained. It is shown that the projectile has a transverse translational instability. A derivation of the flux interaction current wave is included in the Appendix.