bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Cross-Linguistic-Cultural Interferences as a Means for Meaning Negotiation in Classroom Discourse
Authors: BELAIDOUNI Djilali , Larbi SIMERABET Mohammed 
Published: August 2024

The process of encoding and decoding discussions about the nature of discussed meaning is affected by items from the previous learned languages, which means that the negotiation of meaning carried implied in cross-linguistic transfers and so for cultural interferences affects how learners interpret the negotiated foreign locutions. A sample of twenty adult students from The Center of Intensive Teaching of Languages (CEIL) at Ibn Khaldoun University of Tiaret (Algeria) was the subjects of observations, interviews, and experiments during our investigation into this phenomenon. Through treatment, discussion, and analysis of the data collected in the district of Tiaret (Algeria), we were able to gain a deeper comprehension of the topic under investigation. Later advances led to the conceptualization of the phenomenon's constituent elements. This made it possible for us to classify its elements by figuring out how the researched structure affected the adult learners' abilities to learn foreign concepts in the target language, as well as how frequently and at what rate it occurred. The degree to which the previously learned languages have an impact on meaning negotiation depends critically on how these concepts are interpreted.
Le sens et la fonction des proverbes intégrés dans le discours poétique kabyle: cas des textes chantés de Idir
Authors: DAID Zakia , KHERDOUCI Hassina 
Published: August 2024

Notre contribution porte sur le sens et la fonction de quelques proverbes employés dans la poésie chantée d’Idir. Dans cet article, nous avons choisi de parler d’un seul chanteur pour uniquement esquisser notre étude sur les proverbes. Ce chanteur est Idir. Nous le prenons comme cas de figure dans notre recherche car, avec d’autres chanteurs kabyles il s’imprègne lui aussi, de la tradition orale et en fait usage dans son texte chanté. En outre, la raison principale qui nous a poussées à choisir ce sujet c’est la manière dont Idir utilise les proverbes dans ses textes chantés. Nous tenterons via un corpus de proverbes de pénétrer le sens que donne ce chanteur à ces proverbes pour arriver à déduire si celui est le même quand il est hors discours ou bien diffère-t- il. Pour ce faire, nous avons choisi un ensemble de proverbes extraits de sept chansons. Ce travail sur l’association de deux formes orales (les proverbes et la chanson) pourrait peut-être nous aider à les redéfinir, à les distinguer et ou/à les rapprocher pour mieux les illustrer dans l’imaginaire collectif et individuel également.
MESSENGER observations of Alfvénic and compressional waves during Mercury's substorms
Authors: Sun Wei‐Jie , Slavin James A. , Fu Suiyan , Raines Jim M. , Sundberg Torbjörn , Zong Qiu‐Gang , Jia Xianzhe , Shi Quanqi , Shen Xiaochen , Poh Gangkai , Pu Zuyin , Zurbuchen Thomas H. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractMErcury Surface, Space ENviroment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) magnetic field measurements during the substorm expansion phase in Mercury's magnetotail have been examined for evidence of low‐frequency plasma waves, e.g., Pi2‐like pulsations. It has been revealed that the By fluctuations accompanying substorm dipolarizations are consistent with pulses of field‐aligned currents near the high‐latitude edge of the plasma sheet. Detailed analysis of the By fluctuations reveals that they are near circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, most likely Alfvén waves. Soon afterward the plasma sheet thickened and MESSENGER detected a series of compressional waves. These Alfvénic and compressional waves have similar durations (10–20 s), suggesting that they may arise from the same source. Drawing on Pi2 pulsation models developed for Earth, we suggest that the Alfvénic and compressional waves reported here at Mercury may be generated by the quasi‐periodic sunward flow bursts in Mercury's plasma sheet. But because they are observed during the period with rapid magnetic field reconfiguration, we cannot fully exclude the possibility of standing Alfvén wave.
Late Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy Pattern Associated With Hand Calcinosis and Acro‐Osteolysis in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Morardet Laëtitia , Avouac Jérôme , Sammour Maya , Baron Murray , Kahan André , Feydy Antoine , Allanore Yannick 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveTo determine whether calcinosis and acro‐osteolysis are related to specific nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) features in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma).MethodsNVC and bilateral hand radiographs were systematically performed in 155 consecutively recruited patients with SSc during a 24‐month period. Radiologic assessment of calcinosis and acro‐osteolysis was performed blinded for the results on NVC features.ResultsPatients with calcinosis (n = 29) or acro‐osteolysis (n = 25) on radiographs were more likely to have the late pattern on NVC, defined by severe loss of capillaries and neoangiogenesis (P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively). A reduced number of capillaries was significantly found in patients with calcinosis (mean ± SD 3.55 ± 1.76 versus 5.53 ± 2.32 capillaries per finger; P < 0.001) and acro‐osteolysis (mean ± SD 2.88 ± 1.30 versus 5.60 ± 2.26 capillaries per finger; P < 0.001). In addition, neoangiogenesis was more frequently observed in patients with severe acro‐osteolysis (P = 0.021). Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed the independent association between the late NVC pattern and calcinosis (odds ratio [OR] 3.04, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.20–7.68) or acro‐osteolysis (OR 4.57, 95% CI 1.66–12.55), together with history of and/or active digital ulcers.ConclusionAcro‐osteolysis and calcinosis are independently associated with the late NVC pattern and particularly with severe capillary loss. These results strengthen the link between these radiographic lesions and digital destructive vasculopathy. Moreover, severe acro‐osteolysis was more likely to occur with neoangiogenesis, which may suggest an attempt to compensate bone resorption. Further studies are now needed to better understand the physiopathology of calcinosis and acro‐osteolysis and determine whether any agent may modify the course of these lesions by influencing vessel damages.
Sleep deficits but no metabolic deficits in premanifest Huntington's disease
Authors: Lazar Alpar S. , Panin Francesca , Goodman Anna O. G. , Lazic Stanley E. , Lazar Zsolt I. , Mason Sarah L. , Rogers Lorraine , Murgatroyd Peter R. , Watson Laura P. E. , Singh Priya , Borowsky Beth , Shneerson John M. , Barker Roger A. 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveHuntington disease (HD) is a fatal autosomal dominant, neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressively worsening motor and nonmotor problems including cognitive and neuropsychiatric disturbances, along with sleep abnormalities and weight loss. However, it is not known whether sleep disturbances and metabolic abnormalities underlying the weight loss are present at a premanifest stage.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive sleep and metabolic study in 38 premanifest gene carrier individuals and 36 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. The study consisted of 2 weeks of actigraphy at home, 2 nights of polysomnography and multiple sleep latency tests in the laboratory, and body composition assessment using dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry scanning with energy expenditure measured over 10 days at home by doubly labeled water and for 36 hours in the laboratory by indirect calorimetry along with detailed cognitive and clinical assessments. We performed a principal component analyses across all measures within each studied domain.ResultsCompared to controls, premanifest gene carriers had more disrupted sleep, which was best characterized by a fragmented sleep profile. These abnormalities, as well as a theta power (4–7Hz) decrease in rapid eye movement sleep, were associated with disease burden score. Objectively measured sleep problems coincided with the development of cognitive, affective, and subtle motor deficits and were not associated with any metabolic alterations.InterpretationThe results show that among the earliest abnormalities in premanifest HD is sleep disturbances. This raises questions as to where the pathology in HD begins and also whether it could drive some of the early features and even possibly the pathology. Ann Neurol 2015;78:630–648
Copper‐Modified Covalent Triazine Frameworks as Non‐Noble‐Metal Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Iwase Kazuyuki , Yoshioka Tatsuro , Nakanishi Shuji , Hashimoto Kazuhito , Kamiya Kazuhide 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an important cathode reaction of various types of fuel cells. The development of electrocatalysts composed only of abundant elements is a key goal because currently only platinum is a suitable catalyst for ORR. Herein, we synthesized copper‐modified covalent triazine frameworks (CTF) hybridized with carbon nanoparticles (Cu‐CTF/CPs) as efficient electrocatalysts for the ORR in neutral solutions. The ORR onset potential of the synthesized Cu‐CTF/CP was 810 mV versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE; pH 7), the highest reported value at neutral pH for synthetic Cu‐based electrocatalysts. Cu‐CTF/CP also displayed higher stability than a Cu‐based molecular complex at neutral pH during the ORR, a property that was likely as a result of the covalently cross‐linked structure of CTF. This work may provide a new platform for the synthesis of durable non‐noble‐metal electrocatalysts for various target reactions.
Can A Denaturant Stabilize DNA? Pyridine Reverses DNA Denaturation in Acidic pH
Authors: Portella Guillem , Terrazas Montserrat , Villegas Núria , González Carlos , Orozco Modesto 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe stability of DNA is highly dependent on the properties of the surrounding solvent, such as ionic strength, pH, and the presence of denaturants and osmolytes. Addition of pyridine is known to unfold DNA by replacing π–π stacking interactions between bases, stabilizing conformations in which the nucleotides are solvent exposed. We show here experimental and theoretical evidences that pyridine can change its role and in fact stabilize the DNA under acidic conditions. NMR spectroscopy and MD simulations demonstrate that the reversal in the denaturing role of pyridine is specific, and is related to its character as pseudo groove binder. The present study sheds light on the nature of DNA stability and on the relationship between DNA and solvent, with clear biotechnological implications.
A Rapid, Amplification‐Free, and Sensitive Diagnostic Assay for Single‐Step Multiplexed Fluorescence Detection of MicroRNA
Authors: Jin Zongwen , Geißler Daniel , Qiu Xue , Wegner K. David , Hildebrandt Niko 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe importance of microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation for the development and progression of diseases and the discovery of stable miRNAs in peripheral blood have made these short‐sequence nucleic acids next‐generation biomarkers. Here we present a fully homogeneous multiplexed miRNA FRET assay that combines careful biophotonic design with various RNA hybridization and ligation steps. The single‐step, single‐temperature, and amplification‐free assay provides a unique combination of performance parameters compared to state‐of‐the‐art miRNA detection technologies. Precise multiplexed quantification of miRNA‐20a, ‐20b, and ‐21 at concentrations between 0.05 and 0.5 nM in a single 150 μL sample and detection limits between 0.2 and 0.9 nM in 7.5 μL serum samples demonstrate the feasibility of both high‐throughput and point‐of‐care clinical diagnostics.
Electrostatic Localization of RNA to Protocell Membranes by Cationic Hydrophobic Peptides
Authors: Kamat Neha P. , Tobé Sylvia , Hill Ian T. , Szostak Jack W. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCooperative interactions between RNA and vesicle membranes on the prebiotic earth may have led to the emergence of primitive cells. The membrane surface offers a potential platform for the catalysis of reactions involving RNA, but this scenario relies upon the existence of a simple mechanism by which RNA could become associated with protocell membranes. Here, we show that electrostatic interactions provided by short, basic, amphipathic peptides can be harnessed to drive RNA binding to both zwitterionic phospholipid and anionic fatty acid membranes. We show that the association of cationic molecules with phospholipid vesicles can enhance the local positive charge on a membrane and attract RNA polynucleotides. This phenomenon can be reproduced with amphipathic peptides as short as three amino acids. Finally, we show that peptides can cross bilayer membranes to localize encapsulated RNA. This mechanism of polynucleotide confinement could have been important for primitive cellular evolution.
Synthesis and characterization of Ba3Si6O12N2:Eu2+ phosphor
Authors: Fartode S. A. , Dhoble S. J. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractEu2+‐doped Ba3Si6O12N2 phosphors were prepared successfully via a modified solid‐state diffusion method. The phosphors were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence measurements. These phosphors were effectively excited at 355 nm and an intense emission peaking in the range 480 nm to 525 nm in the blue region was observed. The optimized dopant concentration was determined to be 1 mol% of Eu2+ ion. The colour coordinates for phosphor were found to be (0.196, 0.326) in the blue region. This phosphor may find application for near‐ultraviolet (NUV) excited lamp phosphors. The thermoluminescence study shows the complex glow curve. Trapping parameters (activation energy and frequency factor) were calculated for individual deconvoluted peaks by Chen's peak shape method, the initial rise method and the whole glow peak method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
From para‐Benziporphyrin to Rhodium(III) 21‐Carbaporphyrins: Imprinting Rh⋅⋅⋅η2‐CC, Rh⋅⋅⋅η2‐CO, and Rh⋅⋅⋅η2‐CH Coordination Motifs
Authors: Idec Aneta , Szterenberg Ludmiła , Latos‐Grażyński Lechosław 
Published: July 2015

AbstractRhodium(III) para‐benziporphyrin alters the fundamental reactivity of the built‐in para‐phenylene moiety. Due to additional macrocyclic stabilization, a sequence of intramolecular rearrangements are triggered to afford rhodium(III) 21‐carbaporphyrin, which incorporates the rhodacyclopropane motif. The peculiar reversible transformations of the bridging methylene unit provide an example of selective and reversible aliphatic CH bond elimination. Rhodium(III) 21‐carbaporphyrin can be oxygenated to rhodium(III) 21‐oxy‐21‐carbaporphyrin, whereas the metal ion interacts with the C(21)O(25) fragment in an η2 fashion. This species demonstrates a remarkable axial affinity toward alkenes.
Conserved size and periodicity of pyramidal patches in layer 2 of medial/caudal entorhinal cortex
Authors: Naumann Robert K. , Ray Saikat , Prokop Stefan , Las Liora , Heppner Frank L. , Brecht Michael 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTTo understand the structural basis of grid cell activity, we compare medial entorhinal cortex architecture in layer 2 across five mammalian species (Etruscan shrews, mice, rats, Egyptian fruit bats, and humans), bridging ∼100 million years of evolutionary diversity. Principal neurons in layer 2 are divided into two distinct cell types, pyramidal and stellate, based on morphology, immunoreactivity, and functional properties. We confirm the existence of patches of calbindin‐positive pyramidal cells across these species, arranged periodically according to analyses techniques like spatial autocorrelation, grid scores, and modifiable areal unit analysis. In rodents, which show sustained theta oscillations in entorhinal cortex, cholinergic innervation targeted calbindin patches. In bats and humans, which only show intermittent entorhinal theta activity, cholinergic innervation avoided calbindin patches. The organization of calbindin‐negative and calbindin‐positive cells showed marked differences in entorhinal subregions of the human brain. Layer 2 of the rodent medial and the human caudal entorhinal cortex were structurally similar in that in both species patches of calbindin‐positive pyramidal cells were superimposed on scattered stellate cells. The number of calbindin‐positive neurons in a patch increased from ∼80 in Etruscan shrews to ∼800 in humans, only an ∼10‐fold over a 20,000‐fold difference in brain size. The relatively constant size of calbindin patches differs from cortical modules such as barrels, which scale with brain size. Thus, selective pressure appears to conserve the distribution of stellate and pyramidal cells, periodic arrangement of calbindin patches, and relatively constant neuron number in calbindin patches in medial/caudal entorhinal cortex. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:783–806, 2016. © 2015 The Authors. The Journal of Comparative Neurology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
From military to civil loadings: Preliminary numerical‐based thorax injury criteria investigations
Authors: Awoukeng Goumtcha Aristide , Bodo Michèle , Taddei Lorenzo , Roth Sébastien 
Published: July 2015

SummaryEffects of the impact of a mechanical structure on the human body are of great interest in the understanding of body trauma. Experimental tests have led to first conclusions about the dangerousness of an impact observing impact forces or displacement time history with PMHS (Post Mortem human Subjects). They have allowed providing interesting data for the development and the validation of numerical biomechanical models. These models, widely used in the framework of automotive crashworthiness, have led to the development of numerical‐based injury criteria and tolerance thresholds. The aim of this process is to improve the safety of mechanical structures in interaction with the body. In a military context, investigations both at experimental and numerical level are less successfully completed.For both military and civil frameworks, the literature list a number of numerical analysis trying to propose injury mechanisms, and tolerance thresholds based on biofidelic Finite Element (FE) models of different part of the human body. However the link between both frameworks is not obvious, since lots of parameters are different: great mass impacts at relatively low velocity for civil impacts (falls, automotive crashworthiness) and low mass at very high velocity for military loadings (ballistic, blast). In this study, different accident cases were investigated, and replicated with a previously developed and validated FE model of the human thorax named Hermaphrodite Universal Biomechanical YX model (HUBYX model). These previous validations included replications of standard experimental tests often used to validate models in the context of automotive industry, experimental ballistic tests in high speed dynamic impact and also numerical replication of blast loading test ensuring its biofidelity. In order to extend the use of this model in other frameworks, some real‐world accidents were reconstructed, and consequences of these loadings on the FE model were explored.These various numerical replications of accident coming from different contexts raise the question about the ability of a FE model to correctly predict several kinds of trauma, from blast or ballistic impacts to falls, sports or automotive ones in a context of numerical injury mechanisms and tolerance limits investigations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bi‐directional relay‐assisted FSO communication systems over strong turbulence channels with pointing errors
Authors: Puri Parul , Garg Parul , Aggarwal Mona 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThis paper presents the capacity and average bit error rate (BER)‐based performance analysis of a two‐way relay‐assisted free‐space optical communication system, over an atmospheric turbulent channel modeled by the Gamma–Gamma distribution and also affected by path loss and misalignment errors. A half‐duplex, decode‐and‐forward, two‐way, optical relay is considered, which establishes communication between two terminals, when direct communication is not possible because of non line‐of‐sight propagation or large distance. For the presented system and channel models and considering heterodyne detection at the receiver, we formulate the statistics of the instantaneous signal‐to‐noise ratio, followed by calculation of exact analytical expressions of capacity and BER. The mathematical expressions are formulated in terms of easily computable Meijer's G‐function. This mathematical analysis is accompanied with several numerical examples to illustrate the effect of the key system parameters. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Copper Deposition on Gold Nanoprism Substrates
Authors: Straney Patrick J. , Andolina Christopher M. , Millstone Jill E. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractCopper‐containing nanomaterials are attractive due to the natural abundance, low cost, and unique catalytic properties of copper metal. Copper may also be used as a representative system to study the formation of mixed metal nanoparticles containing 3d transition metals. These elements pose challenges to traditional metal nanoparticle synthesis strategies due to competing formation of both oxides and hydroxides, depending on metal identity. Here, we analyze copper deposition pathways on gold nanoprism substrates using a combination of electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques, demonstrating conditions for both core@shell and island growth modes. Elemental analysis by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy indicate that the final nanoparticle products contain metallic copper. Together, these results elucidate important trends for incorporating 3d transition metals into traditional colloidal syntheses of multimetallic nanostructures.
Quantitative assessment of the upper airway in infants and children with subglottic stenosis
Authors: Zdanski Carlton , Davis Stephanie , Hong Yi , Miao Di , Quammen Cory , Mitran Sorin , Davis Brad , Niethammer Marc , Kimbell Julia , Pitkin Elizabeth , Fine Jason , Fordham Lynn , Vaughn Bradley , Superfine Richard 
Published: July 2015

Objectives/HypothesisDetermine whether quantitative geometric measures and a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model derived from medical imaging of children with subglottic stenosis (SGS) can be effective diagnostic and treatment planning tools.Study DesignRetrospective chart and imaging review in a tertiary care hospital.MethodsComputed tomography scans (n = 17) of children with SGS were analyzed by geometric and CFD methods. Polysomnograms (n = 15) were also analyzed. Radiographic data were age/weight flow normalized and were compared to an atlas created from radiographically normal airways. Five geometric, seven CFD, and five polysomnography measures were analyzed. Statistical analysis utilized a two‐sample t test with Bonferroni correction and area under the curve analysis.ResultsTwo geometric indices (the ratio of the subglottic to midtracheal airway, the percent relative reduction of the subglottic airway) and one CFD measure (the percent relative reduction of the hydraulic diameter of the subglottic airway) were significant for determining which children with SGS received surgical intervention. Optimal cutoffs for these values were determined. Polysomnography, the respiratory effort‐related arousals index, was significant only prior to Bonferroni correction for determining which children received surgical intervention.ConclusionsGeometric and CFD variables were sensitive at determining which patients with SGS received surgical intervention. Discrete quantitative assessment of the pediatric airway was performed, yielding preliminary data regarding possible objective thresholds for surgical versus nonsurgical treatment of disease. This study is limited by its small, retrospective, single‐institution nature. Further studies to validate these findings and possibly optimize treatment threshold recommendations are warranted.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 126:1225–1231, 2016