bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Long‐Term Use of Zygomatic Implants: A 10‐Year Clinical and Radiographic Report
Authors: Aparicio Carlos , Manresa Carolina , Francisco Karen , Ouazzani Wafaa , Claros Pedro , Potau Josep M. , Aparicio Arnau 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe zygoma implant has been an effective option in the short‐term management of the atrophic edentulous maxilla.PurposeTo report on long‐term outcomes in the rehabilitation of the atrophic maxilla using zygomatic (ZI) and regular implants (RI).Material and Methods22 consecutive zygomatic patients in a maintenance program were included. Cumulative survival rate (CSR) of ZI, RI, prostheses, and complications were recorded during, at least, 10 years of loading. Implant mobility was tested using Periotest®. Sinus health was radiographically and clinically assessed according to Lund–Mackay (L–M) score and Lanza and Kennedy survey, respectively. A satisfaction questionnaire and anatomical measurements were also performed.ResultsPatients received 22 prostheses, anchored on 172 implants. Forty‐one were ZI. Three RI failed (10 years CSR = 97.71%). Two ZI were partly removed due to perimplant infection (10 years CSR = 95.12%). All patients maintained functional prostheses. One patient fractured framework twice. Loosening or fracturing screws happened in 11 patients. Seven patients fractured occlusal material. Four ZI abutments in two patients were disconnected because of uncomfortable prostheses. Alveolar height at the ZI head level on the right and left sides was 2.64 mm and 2.25 mm, respectively. Mean distance of ZI head center to ridge center, on the right and left sides was 4.54 mm and 5.67 mm, respectively. Mean Periotest values (PTv) of ZI were −4.375 PTv and −4.941 PTv before prostheses placement and after 10 years, respectively. Six patients experienced sinusitis 14–127 months postoperatively. 54.55% of the L–M scores did not present opacification (L–M = 0) in any sinus. Osteomeatal obstruction happened in eight patients (two bilateral). Two (9.09%) were diagnosed with sinusitis. Eighty‐four percent reported satisfaction levels above 80%. 31.81% reported maximum satisfaction score (100%).ConclusionsThe long‐term rehabilitation of the severely atrophic maxillae using ZI is a predictable procedure.
Could the median‐palate accommodate wide‐bodied implants in order to support maxillary over‐dentures? A radiomorphometric study of human cadavers
Authors: Siddiqi Allauddin , Kieser Jules A. , De Silva Rohana K. , McNaughton Andrew , Duncan Warwick J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIntroductionAtrophy of the alveolar bone is an irreversible multifactorial phenomenon, the rate of which varies between individuals and between the jaws. This atrophy of the alveolar ridges presents severe limitations for the oral rehabilitation of the edentulous patients and poses a clinical challenge to the prosthodontists and implant surgeons. The present research aimed to investigate whether the median‐palate of elderly edentulous subjects is anatomically suitable for implant placement.Materials and methodsA total of 32 samples were harvested from the maxillae of 16 human cadavers. One dentate male subject was included for contrast. Bone quality and quantity were analysed at two regions: the median‐palate and the edentulous maxillary alveolar ridge. Samples were scanned through micro‐CT, and the region of analysis (ROA) identified and dissected. Bone volume to tissue volume ratio (%BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) and trabecular bone pattern factor (Tb.Pf) were evaluated for the two regions using SkyscanCTAn®.ResultsThe results of bone volume fraction obtained fromCTAn®of the median‐palatal region show higher values than the respective premolar sites in 12 of 15 (80%) edentulous samples. However, this difference was statistically non‐significant (P = 0.06). Similarly, the trabecular number for 10 of 15 samples (66.6%) from the median‐palate shows greater values than the respective premolar site (P = 0.07). Trabecular thickness of 10 of 15 (66.6%) premolar samples is larger than in the median‐palatal region. However, these differences were also statistically non‐significant (P = 0.25). Statistically significant difference (P = 0.04) was found between theTb.Sp values of the two regions.ConclusionThe results indicate that the anterior median‐palate is structurally better than their respective maxillary premolar region in elderly edentulous persons, and an implant can be placed to anchor an overdenture. The best site for a wide‐body implant was established to be 6–8 mm posterior to the incisive foramen in elderly edentulous patients.
Multiple cutaneous metastases: a rare and late sequelae of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Jedrych Jaroslaw , Galan Anjela 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPrimary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is an uncommon malignancy with approximately 60 cases reported in the literature. Metastatic ACC to the skin is even less frequent with eight previously published cases, including only one arising from the lacrimal gland. We report a case of a 61‐year‐old male, who developed multiple cutaneous metastases to the scalp and back from a lacrimal gland ACC 21 years after the initial diagnosis. Initially, in the absence of the past clinical history, the cutaneous lesions were interpreted as primary ACC of the skin. Histopathologically, the metastatic lesions were poorly circumscribed dermal and subcutaneous nodules that were composed of islands of basaloid epithelial cells with ducts and cribriform pattern, mucinous stroma and prominent perineural invasion. Histomorphologically, the cutaneous tumors were similar to the primary ACC. The cutaneous metastases were preceded by tumor dissemination to the lung and other visceral organs, and ultimately led to patient's demise. This report illustrates the importance of juditious clinico‐pathologic correlation and raises awareness regarding prolonged latency of cutaneous metastases in patients with visceral ACC.
The broad clinical phenotype of Type 1 diabetes at presentation
Authors: Merger S. R. , Leslie R. D. , Boehm B. O. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractImmune‐mediated (auto‐immune) Type 1 diabetes mellitus is not a homogenous entity, but nonetheless has distinctive characteristics. In children, it may present with classical insulin deficiency and ketoacidosis at disease onset, whereas autoimmune diabetes in adults may not always be insulin dependent. Indeed, as the adult‐onset form of autoimmune diabetes may resemble Type 2 diabetes, it is imperative to test for diabetes‐associated autoantibodies to establish the correct diagnosis. The therapeutic response can be predicted by measuring the levels of autoantibodies to various islet cell autoantigens, such as islet cell antibodies (ICA), glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), insulin, tyrosine phosphatase (IA‐2) and IA‐2β, and zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) and evaluating β‐cell function. A high risk of progression to insulin dependency is associated with particular genetic constellations, such as human leukocyte antigen risk alleles, young age at onset, the presence of multiple autoantibodies, including high titres of anti‐GAD antibodies; such patients should be offered early insulin replacement therapy, as they respond poorly to diet and oral hypoglycaemic drug therapy. Hence, considering the broad spectrum of phenotypes seen in adult‐onset diabetes, treatment targets can only be reached by identification of immune‐mediated cases, as their management differs from those with classical Type 2 diabetes.
Progression through diabetes therapies among new elderly users of metformin: a population‐based study
Authors: Gomes T. , Juurlink D. N. , Shah B. R. , Hellings C. R. , Paterson J. M. , Mamdani M. M. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAimsTo examine temporal changes in progression to second‐line therapies among older patients with diabetes newly treated with metformin.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based study among residents of Ontario, Canada aged 66 years and older with diabetes newly treated with metformin monotherapy in 1997, 2000, 2003 or 2006. Each annual cohort was followed until progression to a second oral hypoglycaemic agent, insulin or until 31 December 2010. Time to progression to a second oral hypoglycaemic agent or insulin was compared across the cohorts.ResultsIn the four annual cohorts, we identified a total of 46 104 people newly treated with metformin monotherapy. The median time to progression to any second diabetes therapy lengthened significantly over time, from 5.0 years in 1997 to 6.1 years in 2003 (P < 0.0001). Similarly, the time to progression to insulin lengthened over the study period (P = 0.03). Furthermore, the choice of second‐line therapy changed over time. While 80.7% of new metformin users in 1997 progressed to glyburide therapy as second‐line treatment, the corresponding figure by 2006 was only 45.1% as newer treatment options emerged.ConclusionsAlthough recent guidelines recommend aggressive intensification of oral therapy for patients with Type 2 diabetes, older Ontarians with diabetes who started metformin in 2006 remained on monotherapy for longer than those who started in 1997. Furthermore, although there is no consensus regarding a preferred second‐line therapy, the introduction of new alternatives has led to greater variation in the selection of second‐line therapies in this population.
Stromal‐derived factor‐1 gene variations in pediatric patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Ku Fan‐Chen , Tsai Chi‐Ren , Der Wang Jiaan‐ , Wang Chih Hsiang , Chang Te‐Kau , Hwang Wen‐Li 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPrimary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) of childhood is an autoimmune disease characterized by abnormally increased destruction of platelets and decreased megakaryopoiesis. Stromal‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1) plays a role in megakaryopoiesis and may be involved in the pathogenesis of ITP. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the SDF‐1 gene, including rs1801157, rs2839693, rs2297630, rs1065297, and rs266085, were assessed in 100 children with ITP and 126 healthy controls. The genotypes were analyzed by tetra ARMS polymerase chain reaction and confirmed by direct sequencing. Compared with controls, the rs2839693 A/A and rs266085 C/T genotypes were decreased in ITP patients (P = 0.004 and 0.007, respectively). The odds ratios of the latter genotypes were 0.48, 95% CI 0.28–0.82. Further analysis of the relationship between SDF‐1 polymorphisms and clinical features showed that rs2297630 A/G was associated with protection from chronicity (P = 0.002; OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01–0.61) and steroid dependence (P = 0.007; OR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.01–0.84) in ITP patients. However, rs266085 genotype C/C was associated with risk of steroid dependence (P = 0.012, OR 3.87, 95% CI 1.27–11.77). The findings of this study suggest that SDF‐1 gene variations may be associated with the occurrence and prognosis of childhood ITP.
Micronutrient concentrations in common and novel forage species and varieties grown on two contrasting soils
Authors: Lindström B. E. M. , Frankow‐Lindberg B. E. , Dahlin A. S. , Wivstad M. , Watson C. A. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractWe investigated differences between forage species with regard to micronutrients that are essential to sustain livestock health. Five grasses (timothy, perennial ryegrass, meadow fescue, tall fescue and cocksfoot), three legumes (red clover, white clover and birdsfoot trefoil) and four forbs (ribwort plantain, salad burnet, caraway and chicory) were grown on one micronutrient‐poor/low pH soil and one micronutrient‐rich/high pH soil (outdoor pot experiment). In addition, six grasses (timothy, perennial ryegrass, meadow fescue, tall fescue, Festulolium hybrid and cocksfoot) and one legume (red clover) were field‐grown on the micronutrient‐poor soil. Of the twelve pot‐grown species, herbage of chicory, red clover and white clover generally had the highest micronutrient concentrations (maximum Co, Cu, Fe and Zn concentrations were 0·23, 9·8, 233 and 109 mg kg−1 DM, respectively), except for Mo, which was highest in the clovers (10·6 mg kg−1 DM), and Mn, which was highest in cocksfoot (375 mg kg−1 DM). Soil type had the strongest effect on plant Mo and Mn concentrations. We also investigated differences in micronutrients between varieties, but they were generally few and negligible. The results indicate that choice of forage species is of major importance for micronutrient concentrations in herbage and that soil type exerts a major effect through pH. Forage of chicory, red clover and white clover generally met the requirements of high‐yielding dairy cows with regard to most micronutrients; therefore, diversification of seed mixtures so as to include these species could increase micronutrient concentrations in forage.
Pegylated interferon monotherapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C with low viremia and its relationship to mutations in the NS5A region and the single nucleotide polymorphism of interleukin‐28B
Authors: Hayashi Kazuhiko , Katano Yoshiaki , Masuda Hiroko , Ishizu Youji , Kuzuya Teiji , Honda Takashi , Ishigami Masatoshi , Itoh Akihiro , Hirooka Yoshiki , Nakano Isao , Ishikawa Tetsuya , Urano Fumihiro , Yoshioka Kentaro , Toyoda Hidenori , Kumada Takashi , Goto Hidemi 
Published: October 2012

AimPrevious studies have suggested that patients with chronic hepatitis C with a low pretreatment hepatitis C virus (HCV) level have a high sustained virological response (SVR) rate, and that there would be a subpopulation of patients in which HCV can be eradicated with pegylated interferon (PEG IFN) alone without a decrease in SVR. However, the efficacy of PEG IFN monotherapy in patients with low HCV RNA levels is unclear. Several studies have reported that interferon sensitivity‐determining region (ISDR) and the single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of interleukin‐28B (IL‐28B) contribute to IFN response, but these relationships are controversial. The aim of this study was to determine whether the SNP of IL‐28B (rs8099917) and amino acid substitutions in the ISDR among patients with low HCV levels affect the response to PEG IFN monotherapy.MethodsOne hundred and four patients with low‐level HCV infection were studied. Low HCV level was defined as 100 KIU/mL or less.ResultsSVR was achieved in 94 patients (92.2%). HCV levels (≤50 KIU/mL) and ISDR (≥2 mutations) were associated with SVR on univariate analysis. The rates of SVR in the patients with IL‐28B genotypes TT, TG and GG were 94.5%, 77.8% and 100%, respectively. The G allele tended to be associated with poor response to IFN therapy (P = 0.0623). On multivariate analysis, the ISDR was the factor predictive of SVR (P = 0.004).ConclusionThe ISDR is significantly associated with a good response to PEG IFN monotherapy in patients with low HCV levels.
Borehole receiver orientation using a 3D velocity model
Authors: Menanno Giovanni , Vesnaver Aldo , Jervis Michael 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThe orientation of three‐component borehole geophones used for recording during a microseismic monitoring experiment is estimated. The standard technology for deploying multi‐component geophones in a deep borehole is wireline‐based, in which the azimuthal rotation of the geophone string cannot be controlled. Each receiver can have a different rotation angle that is compensated by the particle motion analysis of the direct P‐wave arrivals, picked from a walk‐around VSP carried out in the proximity of the well. Knowing the orientation of borehole receivers is critical, as inaccuracies lead to systematic errors in determining the hypocentral coordinates of microseismic events. Additional errors arise from over‐simplifications of P‐ and S‐wave velocity Earth models.In this paper, we propose a tomographic approach for improving the orientation estimates of borehole receivers based on hodogram analysis. The initial velocity model built from well logs and upholes is refined by 3D tomographic inversion of walk‐around VSP data and some string shots fired in a nearby borehole. Taking into account ray bending, the estimated errors due to local velocity anomalies can be reduced. This makes our estimates of fracture orientation and microseismic hypocentres more reliable when borehole receivers are used in passive seismic surveys.
Experimental measurements of the streaming potential and seismoelectric conversion in Berea sandstone
Authors: Zhu Zhenya , Nafi Toksöz M. 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTThe streaming potential across a porous medium is induced by a fluid flow due to an electric double layer between a solid and a fluid. When an acoustic wave propagates through a porous medium, the wave pressure generates a relative movement between the solid and the fluid. The moving charge in the fluid induces an electric field and seismoelectric conversion. In order to investigate the streaming potential and the seismoelectric conversion in the same rock sample, we conduct measurements with Berea sandstone saturated by NaCl solutions with different conductivities. We measure the electric voltage (streaming potential) across a cylindrical sample in NaCl solutions with different conductivities and under different pressures to determine the DC coupling coefficients. We also measure the seismoelectric signals induced by acoustic waves with a Berea sandstone plate at different frequencies and solution conductivities. The pressures of the acoustic waves are calibrated with a standard hydrophone (Brüel & 8103) at different frequencies (15–120 kHz). We calculate the quantitative coupling coefficients of the seismoelectric conversion at DC and at high frequencies with samples saturated by solutions with different conductivities. When the Berea sandstone sample is saturated by the NaCl solution with 0.32 mS/m in conductivity, for example, the DC and seismoelectric coupling coefficients at 15 kHz are 0.024 μV/Pa and 0.019 μV/Pa, respectively. The seismoelectric coupling coefficient is an important and helpful parameter for designing a seismoelectric tool. More experimental measurements of seismoelectric coupling coefficients in the frequency range of 100 Hz to 15 kHz are needed in the future.
Acoustic full‐waveform inversion of surface seismic data using the Gauss‐Newton method with active constraint balancing
Authors: Joo Yonghwan , Seol Soon Jee , Byun Joongmoo 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTWe propose a full‐waveform inversion algorithm using the Gauss‐Newton inversion method with active constraint balancing that uses the spatially variant damping factor and source normalized wavefield approach for surface seismic data in the frequency domain. The active constraint balancing technique automatically determines the optimum distribution of damping factors that control the stability and resolution in Gauss‐Newton inversion by using a parameter resolution matrix and spread function analysis. Through numerical experiments, we present that the active constraint balancing scheme provides stable inversion results without a severe loss of resolution compared with the conventional Gauss‐Newton method. The reconstructed image using the active constraint balancing method more closely resembles the true image for the region with low sensitivity. Also, the estimated value converges faster to the smaller RMS error level than those estimated by the conventional Gauss‐Newton method. We also implement the normalized wavefield method to overcome the lack of precise knowledge on the source. The source normalized wavefield approach effectively removes the potential inversion errors from source estimation because the source spectrum is eliminated during the normalization procedure. Our inversion algorithm, using the source normalization scheme, provides excellent inversion results even though the data are generated by two slightly different source wavelets. We present that the frequency selection scheme proposed by Sirgue and Pratt, which is based on the average amplitude of the whole received data, provides a useful guideline for selecting the proper frequencies for our inversion. Our novel inversion algorithm successfully reconstructs the velocity model within 10–30 iterations despite its starting from a homogeneous or linearly increasing velocity model. In addition, for testing the performance of our inversion algorithm on a more complicated structure, we apply the algorithm to the SEG/EAGE overthrust model. Successful inversion is achieved as the reconstructed image approaches the true model with the consistently converging RMS error even though insufficient data are used.
Seismic driven probabilistic classification of reservoir facies for static reservoir modelling: a case history in the Barents Sea
Authors: Grana Dario , Paparozzi Enrico , Mancini Silvia , Tarchiani Cristiano 
Published: October 2012

ABSTRACTIn this paper we present a case history of seismic reservoir characterization where we estimate the probability of facies from seismic data and simulate a set of reservoir models honouring seismically‐derived probabilistic information. In appraisal and development phases, seismic data have a key role in reservoir characterization and static reservoir modelling, as in most of the cases seismic data are the only information available far away from the wells. However seismic data do not provide any direct measurements of reservoir properties, which have then to be estimated as a solution of a joint inverse problem. For this reason, we show the application of a complete workflow for static reservoir modelling where seismic data are integrated to derive probability volumes of facies and reservoir properties to condition reservoir geostatistical simulations. The studied case is a clastic reservoir in the Barents Sea, where a complete data set of well logs from five wells and a set of partial‐stacked seismic data are available. The multi‐property workflow is based on seismic inversion, petrophysics and rock physics modelling. In particular, log‐facies are defined on the basis of sedimentological information, petrophysical properties and also their elastic response. The link between petrophysical and elastic attributes is preserved by introducing a rock‐physics model in the inversion methodology. Finally, the uncertainty in the reservoir model is represented by multiple geostatistical realizations. The main result of this workflow is a set of facies realizations and associated rock properties that honour, within a fixed tolerance, seismic and well log data and assess the uncertainty associated with reservoir modelling.