bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of inflammatory cytokines on the risk of hypertrophic scar: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Qi seven , Ma Ashia , Lin Hai , Peng Liangyuan , Deng Eminlam 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives: Hypertrophic scar (HS) results from burns or trauma, causing aesthetic and functional issues. However, observational studies have linked inflammatory cytokines to HS, but the causal pathways involved are unclear. We aimed to determine how circulating inflammatory cytokines contribute to HS formation.
Methods:
Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to identify genetic variants associated with hypertrophic scar in a comprehensive, publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 766 patients and 207,482 controls of European descent. Additionally, data on 91 plasma proteins were drawn from a GWAS summary involving 14,824 healthy participants. Causal relationships between exposures and outcomes were investigated primarily using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Furthermore, a suite of sensitivity analyses, including MR‒Egger and weighted median approaches, were concurrently employed to fortify the robustness of the conclusive findings. Finally, reverse MR analysis was conducted to evaluate the plausibility of reverse causation between hypertrophic scar and the cytokines identified in our study.
Results: In inflammatory cytokines, there was evidence of inverse associations of osteoprotegerin(OPG) levels(OR = 0.59, 95% CI =0.41~0.85, p=0.01), and leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF) levels(OR = 0.51, 95% CI =0.32~0.82, p=0.01) are a nominally negative association with hypertrophic scar risk, while CUBdomain-domain-containing protein 1(CDCP1) level(OR = 0.59, 95% CI =0.41~0.85, p=0.01) glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) levels(OR = 1.42, 95% CI =1.03~1.96, p=0.01) and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(PD-L1) levels(OR = 1.47, 95% CI =1.92~2.11, p=0.04) showed a positive association with hypertrophic scar risk. These associations were similar in the sensitivity analyses.
Conclusions: According to our MR findings, OPG and LIF have a protective effect on hypertrophic scar, while CDCP1, GDNF, and PD-L1 have a risk-increasing effect on Hypertrophic scar. Our study adds to the current knowledge on the role of specific inflammatory biomarker pathways in hypertrophic scar. Further validation is needed to assess the potential of these cytokines as pharmacological or lifestyle targets for hypertrophic scar prevention and treatment.
Magnetic beads as intravesical foreign bodies in children: Our clinical experience
Authors: Zeng Yefeng , Huang Shaogang , Yang Zhilin , Gu Xianbin , Sun Xuerui , Chen Pengyu , Li Shoulin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Magnetic beads as intravesical foreign bodies in children are relatively rare. This study retrospectively analyzes the clinical data of five patients involving intravesical magnetic beads, summarizing diagnostic and therapeutic experiences.
Methods
From January 2018 to November 2023, five pediatric patients were treated for intravesical magnetic beads at Shenzhen Children's Hospital, China. We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the records of these patients, including demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, imaging studies, and treatment methods
Results
All intravesical magnetic beads were retrieved from patients’ bladders. The patients ranged from 12 to 14 years, with a mean age of 13 years. Depending on the number of magnetic beads, their aggregation state, and the time since insertion, Three cases were successfully retrieved via cystoscopy, one via laparoscopy under pneumovesicum, and another via open surgery. There were no complications observed during the postoperative follow-up.
Conclusion
Magnetic beads are a relatively rare type of intravesical foreign bodies and should be surgically removed as soon as possible. Cystoscopy is the first method for both diagnosis and treatment. When magnetic beads cannot be retrieved via cystoscopy, pneumovesicoscopy may be a viable option for the retrieval of foreign bodies. When endoscopic techniques are unsuitable or have failed, open surgery is a necessary option.
Intelligent real-time multi-functional packaging of rainbow trout fillet containing anthocyanin-rich Althaea Officinalis extract encapsulated with poly (vinyl alcohol) electrospun nanofiber mats
Authors: Roshani-Dehlaghi Negar , Ekrami Mohammad , Emam-Djomeh Zahra , Yousefi Shima 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The current study was conducted to fabricate poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) electrospun nanofiber mats containing anthocyanin-rich Althaea Officinalis extract (AOEX; 5, 10, 15 and 20%v/v) to monitor the spoilage and enhance the shelf-life quality of rainbow trout fillet. The AOEX displayed colour change when subjected to the different pH buffer solutions. The optimum conditions for fabricating PVA nanofibers with a minimum diameter (204.9 nm) were found using response surface methodology (RSM). The viscosity, electrical conductivity and surface tension of PVA-AOEX solutions were significantly changed up to 993.2 cp, 1275.65 µS/cm and 54.16 mN/m, respectively, by increasing AOEX content. The IC50 values for DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging by AOEX were 375 and 800 ppm, respectively. The phytochemical and antibacterial properties of PVA-AOEX were improved by adding AOEX content. Microscopic images confirmed the increase in the diameter and roughness of PVA-AOEX nanofibers by adding the AOEX up to 480.9 nm. After the addition of AOEX, the PVA-AOEX nanofibers become more hydrophilic (θ = 47.6–73.1°), but the melting temperature (Tm) values of the PVA-AOEX nanofiber mats have decreased (217.6°C). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that adding AOEX and electrospinning process does not have a negative effect on the structure of the PVA. The PVA-AOEX nanofibers mats, revealing that the real-time multi-functional innovative packaging changed colour from white to brown and, at the same time, exceeded the total viable count (TVC) and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) acceptance limit of rainbow trout fillet.
Is antiparasitic treatment beneficial in chronic subarachnoid neurocysticercosis? A comparative case series
Authors: Angerri-Nadal Mireia , Arroyo-Pereiro Pablo , Sauque Georgina , Pelegrin Ivan , Martínez-Yélamos Antonio , Martínez-Yélamos Sergio , Cabellos Carmen , Muñoz-Vendrell Albert 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Neurocysticercosis is particularly severe when affecting the subarachnoid space (SUBNCC). While antiparasitic therapy effectively controls the infection, it can lead to significant complications. This study aims to characterize a cohort of patients with SUBNCC, with a focus on their clinical course depending on therapeutic interventions. We conducted an observational, retrospective study involving patients diagnosed with SUBNCC at a tertiary hospital between 1985 and 2022. The primary endpoint was to delineate the clinical progression and demographic features of the cohort. A secondary objective was to compare relapse rates between patients receiving antiparasitic treatment and those who did not. Fifteen patients were included, with a median age of 31 years, mainly from South America. Approximately 46.7% of patients experienced at least one relapse, with rates of 46% in patients initially treated with antiparasitic medication and 50% in those treated with steroids alone. Complication rates were similar between both groups. Comparison of time to relapse revealed no statistically significant difference (17/27 treated with antiparasitic medication versus 10/27 with corticosteroids only; p=0.39). In patients with SUBNCC, clinical relapses managed with corticosteroids alone do not appear to result in worse outcomes in terms of complications and relapse rates compared to those managed with antiparasitic medication.
Developing a monitoring protocol for a threatened species in a developing country: lessons learned from monitoring the Togean Islands babirusa
Authors: Jati Agus Sudibyo , Broto Bayu Wisnu , Dri Gabriela Franzoi , Rej Ikeu Sri , Mortelliti Alessio 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Monitoring is a critical step in evaluating the efficacy of conservation measures, and having an effective monitoring protocol can serve as a warning system for population decline. We performed a power analysis to develop a camera trap-based monitoring protocol to detect occupancy changes of the endangered Togean Islands babirusa (Babyrousa togeanensis) as a case study for a threatened species in a developing country. We divided our study sites, representing the entire distribution range of the species, into three areas following the species occupancy probability: high, medium, and low occupancy, and estimated the required sampling efforts to detect declines in occupancy in each area. Under a realistic sampling scenario, our protocol is able to detect a 20% occupancy decline in high occupancy areas and a 40% decline in medium occupancy areas. The low occupancy area requires unrealistic sampling efforts to monitor changes in occupancy. We provide budgeting estimations relevant to developing countries in performing the monitoring protocol, as well as strategies to allocate limited funding. Furthermore, we derived some lessons from our study as guidelines for practitioners to develop and implement a cost-effective monitoring protocol for threatened species in developing countries, particularly by considering the species traits, management boundaries, priority areas, and budget constraints.
A Cohort, Semi-Randomized, Open Label Quality Improvement Patient Blood Management (PBM) Comparison of Point of Care Viscoelastic Coagulation Monitors in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Spiess Bruce , Burger Melissa , Michael Mary Jane , Pellitier Peter , Garvan Cynthia , Zumberg Marc , Gore Stephanie 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Viscoelastic testing (VET), recommended for heart surgery, has not been adopted due to lack of timely point of care (POC) technology. Several POC VET devices have become available. The purposes of this quality initiative (QI), part of a patient blood management program-PBM), were to: 1) Compare two POC VET for timeliness 2) Survey need, ease of use, acceptability, and set up for the on-going PBM program.
Methods: The TEG-6s and the Quantra Q-plus Hemostasis Analyzer, were assessed in cardiac patients (n = 68) over a six-week period (May 15 -June 30, 2021). Timeliness of data acquisition was analyzed. Algorithms to assist physicians in therapeutic interventions were created. Cardiac members answered quality assessment surveys. Impacts on blood ordering were analyzed compared to a corresponding 6-week period pre COVID-19 epidemic.
Results: Prior to the QI initiative, respondents noted time problems for laboratory coagulation analysis and acquisition of blood products. TEG 6s reporting time was 24.9 +/-4 minutes. Quantra Qplus required 49% less time, 12.9 +/- 1.3 minutes (P<0.0001). No differences in transfusion were seen. The use of POC VET reduced blood products ordered, unused, returned to the blood bank.
Conclusions: We describe head-to-head testing prior to implementation as the next step in PBM QI. Quantra Qplus was twice as fast. Clinicians preferred the speed, ease of use, and interpretability of the Quantra. Large studies are needed to investigate the PBM benefit of POC VET.
Preparation and properties of nanocomposite films based on carboxymethylcellulose and melanin from Cladosporium endophytic fungus
Authors: Atakhanov Abdumutolib , Ashurov Nurbek , Abdurazakov Muhitdin , Shakhobutdinov Siroj , Yugay Svetlana , Mamadiyorov Burhon , Abdulmyanova Liliya , Ruzieva Dilaram , Nasmetova Saodat , Gulyamova Toshkhon , Yildiz Huseyin Bekir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Recently, there has been increased interest in melanins, representatives of the class of condensed polyphenols that find wide practical applications in various industries. In this study, melanin was isolated from the endophytic fungus Cladosporium sp.-HT207, and a polymer nanocomposite was developed based on melanin, using carboxymethylcellulose as a matrix. The structure and physicochemical properties of the nanocomposite films were studied using FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, atomic force microscopy, and mechanical testing. The antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities of the nanocomposite films were also investigated. It has been found that films containing 0.15% of melanin nanoparticles exhibit relatively high anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The resulting nanocomposite films may have applications in biomedicine, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetology.
First-trimester triglyceride glucose-body mass index as a risk marker for gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Xiang Junmiao , Guo XueKe , Pan Yundong , Cai Zhuhua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant pregnancy complication. Early identification of at-risk women is crucial for prevention. This study evaluates the first-trimester triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) as a GDM predictor.
Methods
A retrospective study on 943 patients from The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University analyzed TyG-BMI’s correlation with GDM using logistic regression and stratified analyses. The area under the curve (AUC) assessed TyG-BMI’s diagnostic performance. Scatter plots and Pearson correlation analysis have clarified the link between TyG-BMI and neonatal birth weight, as well as the link between TyG-BMI and OGTT glycemic measures.
Results
In a study of 943 participants, 170 developed GDM, while 773 did not. Elevated TyG-BMI levels were linked to a higher GDM risk. The odds ratio (OR) for GDM was significant in all models, with the highest OR in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.063, 95% CI: 1.031–1.097). TyG-BMI levels showed a linear relationship with GDM risk and outperformed other measures in diagnostic accuracy, with an AUC of 67.4% (95% CI: 62.9%-72%). TyG-BMI had a strong positive correlation with fasting blood glucose levels (r = 0.347, P < 0.001), but not with 1-hour or 2-hour levels in patients with GDM. It was also significantly higher in the triple positive group compared to single and double positive groups, although no significant link was found between TyG-BMI and neonatal birth weight.
Discussion
Our study indicates that the TyG-BMI index, measured in the first trimester, is an independent and effective predictor of GDM.
Admission Pulse Pressure and in-hospital mortality in Type A Acute Aortic Dissection- Result from a Chinese study
Authors: Liu Yuxin , Wang Liyuan , Zhang Shijie , Li Jinzhang , Cui Yuqi , Yun Yan , Ma Xiaochun , Zhang Haizhou 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
In recent years, several epidemiologic studies have shown that pulse pressure (PP) is a powerful predictor of mortality from many cardiovascular diseases. However, few studies have reported the association between PP and adverse events during hospitalization in patients with type A acute aortic dissection (TAAAD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between admission PP and in-hospital all-cause mortality, in patients with TAAAD.
Methods:
Patients with TAAAD admitted from January 2015 to December 2021 were included and divided into four groups according to the PP values measured at the time of admission: reduced group (PP ≤ 40 mmHg), normal group (40 < PP ≤ 56 mmHg), mildly elevated group (56 < PP ≤ 75 mmHg), and significantly elevated group (PP > 75 mmHg). A multivariate binary logistic regression model was constructed, plotted using nomogram and evaluated with ROC curve.
Results:
Admission PP and in-hospital all-cause mortality showed a "J-curve" correlation and in-hospital all-cause mortality was significantly higher in the significantly elevated group and reduced group (P = 0.003), respectively. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that significantly elevated PP (PP > 75 mmHg) (P<0.001) and reduced PP (P = 0.043), D-dimer (P<0.001), ascending aortic diameter (P = 0.037), Abdominal visceral vessels involved (P = 0.019), and coronary atherosclerosis (P = 0.017) and emergent surgery (P < 0.001) were independent predictive factors for in-hospital all-cause mortality. The AUC of ROC plotted was 0.825 (95% CI, 0.780–0.870).
Conclusions:
Our findings demonstrated a "J-curve" association of admission PP with in-hospital all-cause mortality in TAAAD. Significantly elevated and reduced admission PP, D-dimer, ascending aortic diameter and coronary atherosclerosis were independent risk factors for in-hospital all-cause mortality in patients with TAAAD, and emergent surgery was a protective factor.
Development of highly active and robust Cu-Co–rGO electro-catalytic electrode for OER
Authors: Aiswarya P , Manu R. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In the present work a facile method was adopted for the fabrication of highly active and dimensionally stable cobalt-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) based composite electrode for OER process. The metal loading and the amount of graphene was optimized for better performance of the electrode. The development of these type of electrodes is noteworthy taking the advantage of the method and the materials used. The morphology and the composition were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS). Spectroscopic characterization was done using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. Electrochemical characterization revealed excellent electro-catalytic activity of the prepared electrode and strongly suggest synergistic reaction between Co3O4 and rGO. The developed electrode can realize excellent Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) activity in alkaline media with low over potential and low tafel slope with long-term stability as evidenced from various analysis.
Thematic Analysis and Sentiment Evolution of Online Public Opinion on Hangzhou Asian Games: The Case of Sina Weibo
Authors: Che Wen , Gao Mingze , Qi Shenghua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

It is of great significance to study the emotional evolution characteristics of significant sports events, to understand and master the changing law of online public opinion topics, to increase the attention and influence of sports events, to promote the dissemination of sports culture, and to correctly guide the direction of online public opinion on sports events. By dividing the life cycle of "Hangzhou Asian Games" microblog topics, using the LDA topic model and SnowNLP sentiment analysis, we mined the topics of online public opinion, analyzed the characteristics of public sentiment, and portrayed the sentiment evolution of "Hangzhou Asian Games" microblog topics in three dimensions: time, space and gender. The results show that Sina Weibo users are mainly optimistic about the topic of "Hangzhou Asian Games." The economically developed provinces in the southern and eastern regions are more optimistic about the topic than the economically less developed provinces in the western and northeastern regions, with higher user participation. In each life cycle, the emotional focus and emotional tendency show positive emotion>neutral emotion>negative emotion, and there are differences in the public opinion attention and emotional state of different topics in different periods, regions, and genders. Compared with other public opinion events, the emotional change of sports events public opinion is distinctive and unique, and its emotional evolution process is closely related to the development of different themes at different phases of sports events.
Analysis of Leaf cover on Raspberry Fruits Based on Hyperspectral Techniques Combined with Machine Learning Models
Authors: Chen Zhujun , Wang Juan , Xi Ruiqian , Ren Zhenhui 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The aim of this study is to explore the potential application of hyperspectral technology in detecting the problem of fruit cover in the orchard. Three types of hyperspectral data were collected using a hyperspectral instrument to cover raspberry fruits with leaves. Machine learning models were used to classify and regress covered and uncovered fruits. The results show that hyperspectral technology can effectively differentiate fruits under different cover conditions, with spectral intensity data performing better in addressing cover issues. Random forest (RF) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) models demonstrated high accuracy in classification analysis, with MLP achieving a ROC AUC value of 0.99 on full-band data. Regression analysis also revealed a significant correlation between degree of coverage and spectral features, highlighting in particular the high explanatory power of light intensity data in predicting degree of coverage. This study not only confirms the application value of hyperspectral technology in precision agriculture, but also provides new technical support for intelligent orchard management and automated harvesting. Future research will focus on improving the generalisation ability of the models, integrating multi-source data to further improve the accuracy of coverage detection, and exploring the development of real-time monitoring and automatic control systems to achieve comprehensive intelligence in orchard management.
Attention-enabled Multi-layer Subword Joint Learning for Chinese Word Embedding
Authors: Xue Pengpeng , Tan Liang , Xiong Jing , Liu Zhongzhu , Liu Kanglong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In recent years, Chinese word embeddings have attracted significant attention in the field of natural language processing (NLP). The complex structures and diverse influences of Chinese characters present distinct challenges for semantic representation. As a result, Chinese word embeddings are primarily investigated in conjunction with characters and their subcomponents. Previous research has demonstrated that word vectors frequently fail to capture the subtle semantics embedded within the complex structure of Chinese characters. Furthermore, they often neglect the varying contributions of subword information to semantics at different levels. To tackle these challenges, we present a weight-based word vector model that takes into account the internal structure of Chinese words at various levels. The model further categorizes the internal structure of Chinese words into six layers of subword information: words, characters, components, pinyin, strokes, and structures. The semantics of Chinese words can be derived by integrating the subword information from various layers. Moreover, the model considers the varying contributions of each subword layer to the semantics of Chinese words. It utilizes an attention mechanism to determine the weights between and within the subword layers, facilitating the comprehensive extraction of word semantics. The word-level subwords act as the attention mechanism query for subwords in other layers to learn semantic bias. Experimental results show that the proposed word vector model achieves enhancements in various evaluation metrics, such as word similarity, word analogy, text categorization, and case studies.