bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution Network Restoration Strategy Considering Mobile Energy Storage Systems
Authors: Jiang Yuliang , Zhang Guoliang , Fang Dan , Sun Ning 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The increasing occurrence frequency of disruptive extreme weather events and the growing share of distributed resources further enhance the importance of restoration of distributed resource-assisted distribution networks. However, most distributed sources are not spatially flexible in scheduling, severely impacting the restoration performance of distribution networks. The emergence of mobile energy storage systems (MESS) provides temporally and spatially flexible resources. Based on the mobility of mobile energy storage, this paper proposes a distribution network restoration strategy considering MESS and prioritized restoration of critical loads. The restoration strategy is established aiming at maximizing weighted loads while satisfying multiple constraints. Specific operating characteristics of MESS are modeled and incorporated into the restoration model. The established restoration model is then reformulated into a mixed-integer second-order cone program. Case studies on a modified IEEE 33-node system verify the proposed restoration strategy.
Insulation Design of High Voltage and Large Capacity Power Supply Transformer
Authors: Zhao Yingfeng , Chen Yu , Lü Wei , Shi Wei , Yang Bing , Fang Taixun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
At present, the highest voltage level of DC circuit breakers in the world is 535kV. With the construction of 800kV multi-terminal flexible DC project, the demand for DC circuit breaker with higher voltage level is put forward. The voltage level of valve base power supply transformer as the power supply component of the DC circuit breaker is increased to 800kV. Single-section pendulum structure, single-section 100kV and 50kV schemes used at 535kV cannot meet the demand. An 800kV valve base power supply transformer scheme of four 200kV gas-insulated transformers in series is proposed. Its insulation design is also carried out. Firstly, the topology of hybrid DC circuit breaker power supply system and the structure of power supply transformer were described. Secondly, the design of power supply transformer insulation was carried out. Finally, the power supply transformer insulation was tested and verified. The results show that: SF6 power supply transformer internal insulation withstand voltage needs to be multiplied by the multiplication factor. The electric field strength limit of SF6 obtained by experiments is more than 1.5 times of the empirical design value. The internal field strength design of the 200kV power supply transformer takes into account the operating and seismic conditions, and the maximum electric field strength is 15kV/mm and 16.2kV/mm respectively. The curvature radius of the top shielding ring needs to be larger than that of other layers, after optimization, the maximum field strength is 2.68kV /mm when the curvature radius is 300mm. The internal insulation design of 200kV power supply transformer according to lightning impulse. The simulated and measured values of non-uniform voltage coefficient of 800kV power supply transformer under lightning impulse are 1.048 and 1.0488 respectively, in which the voltage equalizing capacitance is 3000pF. The insulation tests of 200kV and 800kV power supply transformer were all passed, and it can be operated safely. Effectively support the development of UHV DC circuit breaker.
Steady-State Thermal Circuit Modeling of a 10 kV Three-core Cable Based on Distributed Structure
Authors: Li Bing , Huang Baoming , Hu Ran , Ma Nan , Huang Zhanhua , Li Jiangtao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
With the development of China’s urbanization construction, the proportion of urban power distribution cables is increasing. The existing models for the temperature calculation of urban medium and low voltage three-core cables regard the filler layer and inner sheath as isothermal body structure for research and analysis, and do not take into account the temperature inhomogeneity characteristics of the three-core cable structure itself. In the paper, the uneven distribution characteristics of the buffer layer of the three-core cable are considered, and then the temperature distribution of the inner sheath is analyzed, and the distributed modeling of the inner sheath is carried out by drawing on the idea of analogous distributed model of the electric circuit, and from the heat flow theory, the heat flux assigned to each segment of the structure such as each inner sheath is derived, and the steady-state thermal circuit model of the three-core cable is established based on the principle of equivalency, and the finite element computation method is adopted to recognize the thermal circuit parameters, and finally, after the simulation results are compared with the simulation results, the temperature of the three-core cable structure itself is considered as an isothermal structure. Finally, after comparing with the simulation results, the accuracy of the thermal circuit model reaches 95%, the change of ambient temperature has less influence on the thermal circuit model, and the model has high robustness, which provides support for the on-line detection technology of the state of three-core cables.
Virtual Power Plant Scheduling Model Considering the Power Consumption Satisfaction of Users with Different Flexible Loads
Authors: Du Yang , Li Jianglong , Yang Zhongguang , Sun Pei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that customer satisfaction with electricity consumption will affect the implementation effect of demand response. This paper proposes a virtual power plant scheduling model considering the satisfaction of users with different flexible loads. Firstly, the flexible load is divided into three categories: reducible load, transferable load and substitutable load. By analyzing the factors that affect the satisfaction of electricity consumption, the satisfaction models of customers with different flexible loads are constructed respectively. Secondly, a virtual power plant scheduling model considering different flexible load demand response models is established. Finally, the scheduling model is simulated and solved based on MATLAB, and the validity of the proposed virtual power plant scheduling model considering the satisfaction of users with different flexible loads is verified.
Research on Winding Dynamic Force and Displacement of Winding in Interturn Short Circuit of Stereo Roll Iron Core Transformer
Authors: Chang Xianghui , Chen Dezhi , Zhao Peng , Gao Youhua 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The short circuit fault between the turns of the transformer winding accounts for 60% ∼ 70% of the whole winding fault, which seriously adversely impacts the regular functioning of the transformer. This study focuses on analysing the dynamic force and displacement characteristics of the winding in a stereo roll iron core transformer when an inter-turn short circuit occurs. First, a stereo roll iron core transformer finite element model in three dimensions is created. The electromagnetic-solid mechanics coupling method is used to figure out and study the transformer winding’s inter-turn short-circuiting current, leaking electromagnetic field, dynamic force, and displacement distributions. Furthermore, an experimental platform is built to simulate the inter-turn short-circuiting of a stereo roll iron core transformer. The displacement in the time domain and the acceleration in the frequency domain of the winding during the short circuit that occurs between turns will be recorded and analyzed. Finally, it is concluded that under normal working conditions, the winding vibration frequency is between 100 ∼ and 500 Hz. After 19 turns of the short circuit, the winding displacement increases by 32% ∼ 60%, and the high-order harmonic content of the winding vibration frequency increases significantly.
Hydration characteristics and kinetic analysis of polyacrylamide (PAM) anti-dispersion cement-based materials
Authors: He Yang , Wei Hua , Li Chunhe , Lu Hao , Xu Fei , Zhang Jiaming 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Through phase analysis and quantitative calculations of the hydration process, the inclusion of polyacrylamide (PAM) in Anti-dispersion Water Paste affects its hydration characteristics is discovered. Specifically, the presence of PAM reduces early reactivity while accelerating progress in the middle to late stages of hydration. By employing K-D hydration kinetic analysis, it is confirmed that the use of PAM results in the formation of a multi-nucleation homogeneous point system within the cement slurry. This system prolongs the NG (nucleation and growth) process time, increases the hydration degree during the transition from NG to I (induction) process, and inhibits the heterogeneous precipitation of hydration products. Consequently, the early hydration of cement is hindered. As the hydration reaction advances, the microstructure of the product under multi-nucleation points increases the specific surface area. This gradual breakthrough of the hydration threshold barrier shortens the duration of the phase boundary reaction process and reduces the hydration degree during the I and D (diffusion) processes. Consequently, the late-stage hydration rate is accelerated.
Research on discharge characteristics of synthetic ester-paper insulation under power frequency and low frequency
Authors: Li Jiansheng , Wu Peng , Wang Shengquan , Liang Jiabi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Synthetic ester insulating oil transformer has broad application prospects in offshore wind power low-frequency power transmission. This paper carried out discharge tests on synthetic ester-paper insulated used sharp plate electrodes at a power frequency of 50 Hz and a low frequency of 17 Hz based on the pulse current method. The research results show that some basic characteristics do not change under 50 Hz and 17 Hz, that is, the discharge is distributed near the voltage peak in a peak shape. The main differences are that the positive peak characteristics at 17 Hz tend to be blurred; the positive maximum discharge amount, and discharge times show an overall downward trend; the phase-resolved partial discharge pattern (PRPD) and the statistical map (n-φ, n-q) have the same overall shape, but different distribution ranges. The test results can be used as a reference for partial discharge pattern identification and insulation design in synthetic ester low-frequency transformers.
Research on the application of balanced windings in wind farm booster stations
Authors: Yao Changqing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The 35 kV booster station system is an undisputed main grid in wind farms, and its main transformer wiring and grounding methods directly affect the stable operation of the entire wind farm station. After explaining the important role of balanced windings in transformers, this article uses Matlab/Simulink to build a mathematical model of wind farm stations from the aspects of wind turbines, transmission lines, step-up transformers, grounding transformers, main power grids, loads, etc. From the perspectives of harmonic suppression ability and wind farm operation stability, the applicability of a three-winding transformer with balanced windings as the main transformer of wind farm step-up stations is analyzed in depth. The results show that using a three-winding transformer as the main transformer for the wind farm boosting station has a significant effect on harmonic suppression and can ensure stable operation of the wind farm.
Insulation life prediction of stacking multi-model fusion motors based on Conv1d-LSTM
Authors: Duan Chengxin , Xu Yaosong 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The insulation system of the mine motor is key to ensuring its stable operation, which affects the efficiency of mine production and transportation and the benefit of enterprises. The prediction of motor insulation life can effectively prevent the deterioration of motor performance. Due to the complex underground environment, many factors affect the insulation of coal mine motors, which are not conducive to the selection of feature parameters. The insulation life prediction efficiency and accuracy of motors need to be improved. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a prediction method based on Conv1d (one-dimensional convolve) and LSTM (long short-term memory neural network), which integrates multiple models and the Stacking integrated algorithms. The operating data and environmental parameters of a coal mine motor under different conditions are analyzed. Three Conv1d-LSTM hybrid models with batch normalization, residual network, and dense number are used as the base learner, and the results are weighted by K-fold to verify the accuracy of the three models. The linear regression model is used as a meta-learner to prevent overfitting of the model and effectively improve the speed and accuracy of single network optimization. Compared with the traditional method, the results show that the optimization of the LSTM neural network by the multi-feature model has a higher accuracy in predicting the remaining life of motor insulation, which provides a new way for the prediction of motor insulation life.
Research on the gas generation characteristics of power cables when heated
Authors: Zheng Jiankang , Zhu Kai , Zhang Hui , Yang Pengtao , Su Xiaoting , Ma Yuan , Ma Liang 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Power cable fires evolve through several stages. Initially, the fire’s early phase is characterized by an anomalous temperature in the outer sheath without considerable smoke generation. It progresses to a smoldering stage with significant smoke production, leading eventually to open flames, which persist until extinguished. Fault-induced high temperatures initiate the breakdown of chemical bonds in the polymer materials composing the cable’s outer sheath, resulting in specific pyrolysis gases that bear the cable’s temperature information. Investigating the heating and gas production properties of the cable can enhance our understanding of the gas phase characteristics at the onset of fires. This paper presents an experimental platform comprising a power cable overheating fault simulation device and chemical analysis instruments. It examines the gas production traits and sources in power cables under fault-induced, high-temperature conditions based on gas chromatography and infrared spectrum data.
Design of main parameter of modular multilevel converter applied in power grid simulator
Authors: Wang Jia , Zhang Yongming , Chen Guochu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
In the context of application in a power grid simulator, we investigated the parameter design issues of several crucial components of the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) topology applied to the power grid simulator system. These components include the bridge arm inductance and submodule capacitance. Based on the fundamental circuit of the MMC applied to the power grid simulator system, we introduced an equal discharge time constant H. We analyzed the capacitor voltage fluctuation rate and the equivalent capacitance discharge time constant “H”, discovering that they still exhibit an inversely proportional relationship across different engineering scenarios. Consequently, a general method for determining submodule capacitance parameters was proposed, and in conjunction with previous engineering parameters, recommended values for an equal discharge time constant of 40 ms were provided. Furthermore, we introduced the concepts of double-frequency circulating resonant angular frequency and phase resonant angular frequency, outlining the principles for determining the bridge arm reactance values. Through the analysis of corresponding parameters in previous engineering studies, universally applicable recommended values for the bridge arm reactance parameters were proposed, considering the unit resonant angular frequency as the power grid frequency angular frequency 1.0ω.
Performance evaluation and stability analysis of super-junction IGBTs in high-temperature environments
Authors: Lou Huifang , Xiao Fei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This paper aims to evaluate and analyze the performance and stability of super-junction IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) in high-temperature environments. The study begins with an overview of the significance of IGBTs in the field of power electronics. It provides a comprehensive discussion of the advantages of super-junction technology and the challenges posed by high temperatures on the performance of IGBTs. Through a series of experiments on various commercial super-junction IGBT models, this research thoroughly assesses the devices’ saturated current, threshold voltage, leakage current, switching time, and switching losses at different temperature points (25°C, 75°C, 125°C, and 175°C). The experimental results demonstrate a significant impact of high temperatures on the performance of IGBTs, particularly in terms of changes in saturated current and threshold voltage. Additionally, the study predicts the lifespan of super-junction IGBTs through High-Temperature Operating Life (HTOL) testing and analyzes the failure modes in high-temperature environments. The results indicate that the expected lifespan of the devices significantly decreases with increasing temperature, with primary failure modes including degradation of the gate oxide layer, an increase in interface traps, and disruption in conductive pathways. The paper also compares experimental results with existing literature, emphasizing the potential and importance of optimized design for super-junction IGBTs in high-temperature environments. The study suggests that improvements in materials, structural design, manufacturing processes, and innovative cooling technologies can further enhance the performance and stability of IGBTs in high-temperature applications. Finally, this research provides new insights into the development of super-junction IGBTs in high-temperature power applications and offers valuable references for professionals in related fields.
Design of voltage and frequency stabilization system for fishing vessel shaft generator based on UPS backup power supply
Authors: Xue Huafeng , Zhang Cunxi , Wang Rui , Hao Dongyu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A fishing boat shaft generator is a kind of power supply device driven by the main diesel engine, which has the advantage of saving energy compared with a diesel generator and eliminating the need to be equipped with an additional diesel engine, witnessing wide applications in the use of power supply equipment for fishing boats. However, because the shaft generator is mounted on the main diesel engine, the fishing boat encounters bad sea conditions at sea, and the speed of the diesel engine fluctuates, resulting in the instability of the power frequency and voltage sent by the shaft generator, which will endanger the electrical equipment of the fishing vessel in serious cases. In this paper, a design of a voltage and frequency stabilization system for a fishing vessel shaft generator based on a UPS backup power supply was proposed. The system consists of a three-phase shaft generator, inverter, battery, and electrical equipment. The inverter control strategy is introduced, and the battery charge/discharge and DC boost are designed.
Wireless charging system design based on ICPT topology
Authors: Wei Chuankang , Zhao Zhikang , Zhao Rentao , Jiang Hongwei 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the situation that the wired charger for inspection equipment has electrodes that are prone to rust and corrosion, poor contact, and inspection equipment cannot enter and exit the charging dock normally, this paper designs a set of non-contact charging systems. The system consists of two parts, the transmitter board, and the receiver board, mainly including power factor correction, high-frequency inverter, resonant circuit, charging control, circuit protection, and other modules. The transmitter board first converts the utility power into 60 kHz AC power and then transmits it to the receiver board through the resonant network. The receiving board charges the battery through the charging control circuit. The test results show that the wireless charger works stably and reliably, has perfect protection functions, and has a maximum output power of 150 W, which can meet the charging needs of most inspection equipment.
Electric theft detection based on multi-source heterogeneous time series GRU network
Authors: Min Wenhao , Liu Tianyu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Electricity theft has long been one of the major problems faced by power supply enterprises. To improve the robustness and accuracy of power theft detection, this article explores the method of multi-source heterogeneous time series feature fusion and designs a gated cyclic unit network model that adapts to its feature fusion. Firstly, through correlation analysis, it is verified that there is a logical correlation between different time series features and classification features, providing a theoretical basis for feature fusion. Then, an encoder decoder model framework is constructed with an attention mechanism to achieve effective fusion and state detection of user multi-source time series features. The experimental results show that compared to a single data source, the fusion of multi-source features can significantly improve detection performance, and the designed model is superior to the control model. This study provides a reference for constructing an efficient power theft detection system and also provides examples of multi-source heterogeneous feature fusion in related fields.
Multi-classification fault diagnosis of AC series arc based on wavelet decomposition and probabilistic neural network
Authors: Guo Jie , Chi Changchun , Yao Diancheng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
AC series arc is difficult to detect because of its complex characteristics, and it can easily cause electrical fire or explosion and other accidents. In order to solve the problem that multi-class loads can not be easily recognized when an arc fault occurs, this paper presents a method for AC series arc multi-classification fault diagnosis based on wavelet decomposition and probabilistic neural network (PNN). According to the standard, the experiment platform of fault arc is designed in this paper, and the current waveform data of fault arc and normal operation under different load types are collected. The multi-dimensional characteristics of the high-frequency current waveform are extracted by processing the detail coefficients obtained by wavelet decomposition. According to the load type and working state, multi-classification data sets are built and input into PNN to train and test the fault diagnosis model. The proposed method can not only accurately detect the fault arc, but also effectively identify the fault load line, which has important reference significance for AC series arc fault diagnosis.
Comparison of transfer function measurement methods for AIMD MRI safety evaluation
Authors: Wang Zhichao , Li Yonghua , Li Chengling , Wu Dajing , Hu Shen 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The transfer function is an important method in ISO/TS 10974 used to evaluate the safety of active implantable medical devices (AIMD). To measure the transfer function, there are two methods used during research and testing, which are the piecewise excitation method and the reciprocity method. In theory, they are equivalent. And for measurement, they have their own advantages and disadvantages. Simulations and experiments using both methods were performed and it is proved that they have good agreement in simulations and experiments.