bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations between variations in solar EUV and soft X‐ray irradiance and photoelectron energy spectra observed on Mars and Earth
Authors: Peterson W. K. , Brain D. A. , Mitchell D. L. , Bailey S. M. , Chamberlin P. C. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSolar extreme ultraviolet (EUV; 10–120 nm) and soft X‐ray (XUV; 0–10 nm) radiation are major heat sources for the Mars thermosphere as well as the primary source of ionization that creates the ionosphere. In investigations of Mars thermospheric chemistry and dynamics, solar irradiance models are used to account for variations in this radiation. Because of limited proxies, irradiance models do a poor job of tracking the significant variations in irradiance intensity in the EUV and XUV ranges over solar rotation time scales when the Mars‐Sun‐Earth angle is large. Recent results from Earth observations show that variations in photoelectron energy spectra are useful monitors of EUV and XUV irradiance variability. Here we investigate photoelectron energy spectra observed by the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Electron Reflectometer (ER) and the FAST satellite during the interval in 2005 when Earth, Mars, and the Sun were aligned. The Earth photoelectron data in selected bands correlate well with calculations based on 1 nm resolution observations above 27 nm supplemented by broadband observations and a solar model in the 0–27 nm range. At Mars, we find that instrumental and orbital limitations to the identifications of photoelectron energy spectra in MGS/ER data preclude their use as a monitor of solar EUV and XUV variability. However, observations with higher temporal and energy resolution obtained at lower altitudes on Mars might allow the separation of the solar wind and ionospheric components of electron energy spectra so that they could be used as reliable monitors of variations in solar EUV and XUV irradiance than the time shifted, Earth‐based, F10.7 index currently used.
Modulation of PDO on the predictability of the interannual variability of early summer rainfall over south China
Authors: Duan Wansuo , Song Linye , Li Yun , Mao Jiangyu 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis study investigates the modulation of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) on the predictability of interannual early summer south China rainfall (SCR) using high‐quality station rainfall data. Of particular interest is the difference in impact between negative and positive phases of the PDO on the predictability of interannual early summer SCR. A clear difference in the correlation between the interannual early summer SCR and the preceding sea surface temperature (SST) over the Pacific Ocean appears in negative and positive phases of the PDO. In the negative PDO phase, the correlation between interannual early summer SCR and SST is dominated by a pattern with significant negative correlations in the subtropical western North Pacific and southeast Pacific and significant positive correlations in the tropical central Pacific. However, in the positive PDO phase, significant positive correlations are observed in the tropical eastern Pacific. It is found that, for each PDO phase, the preceding SST anomalies in some regions in the Pacific may act as predictors of the interannual early summer SCR. As such, a two‐regime regression model for the relationship between interannual early summer SCR and preceding SST anomalies is established based on the negative and positive PDO phases using respective multiple linear regression models. Results suggest that the interannual early SCR is more predictable in PDO positive phase than in negative phase. It offers a support for the argument that a segmented statistical forecasting approach associated with the decadal modulation effect of the coupled ocean atmospheric mode should be adopted to forecast the early summer SCR.
Suomi NPP VIIRS day‐night band on‐orbit performance
Authors: Liao L. B. , Weiss Stephanie , Mills Steve , Hauss Bruce 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe Suomi National Polar‐Orbiting Partnership (NPP) launched on 28 October 2011 hosts the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensor. The VIIRS sensor includes a day‐night band (DNB) that covers almost 7 orders of magnitude in its dynamic range from full sunlit scenes to lunar‐illuminated clouds. The DNB is panchromatic and covers the wavelengths from 500 nm to 900 nm. Since launch, extensive effort has gone into its characterization. We have shown that the DNB is performing extremely well, meeting most of its specifications with some minor exceedances. The DNB characteristics evaluated include the following: sampling and resolution across the swath, geolocation uncertainty, radiometric sensitivity, radiometric uncertainty, and stray light. The only significant deviation from specification involves the stray light specification. On‐orbit, the characterization shows that the DNB suffers stray light level on the order of 100% Lmin or 3 × 10−9 W∙cm−2∙sr−1. After algorithmic correction, the residual radiometric error was reduced to approximately 4.5 × 10−10 W∙cm−2∙sr−1.
Population‐Based Incidence and Prevalence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Michigan Lupus Epidemiology and Surveillance Program
Authors: Somers Emily C. , Marder Wendy , Cagnoli Patricia , Lewis Emily E. , DeGuire Peter , Gordon Caroline , Helmick Charles G. , Wang Lu , Wing Jeffrey J. , Dhar J. Patricia , Leisen James , Shaltis Diane , McCune W. Joseph 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveTo estimate the incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a sociodemographically diverse southeastern Michigan source population of 2.4 million people.MethodsSLE cases fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria (primary case definition) or meeting rheumatologist‐judged SLE criteria (secondary definition) and residing in Wayne or Washtenaw Counties during 2002–2004 were included. Case finding was performed from 6 source types, including hospitals and private specialists. Age‐standardized rates were computed, and capture–recapture was performed to estimate underascertainment of cases.ResultsThe overall age‐adjusted incidence and prevalence (ACR definition) per 100,000 persons were 5.5 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 5.0–6.1) and 72.8 (95% CI 70.8–74.8). Among females, the incidence was 9.3 per 100,000 persons and the prevalence was 128.7 per 100,000 persons. Only 7 cases were estimated to have been missed by capture–recapture, adjustment for which did not materially affect the rates. SLE prevalence was 2.3‐fold higher in black persons than in white persons, and 10‐fold higher in females than in males. Among incident cases, the mean ± SD age at diagnosis was 39.3 ± 16.6 years. Black SLE patients had a higher proportion of renal disease and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) (40.5% and 15.3%, respectively) as compared to white SLE patients (18.8% and 4.5%, respectively). Black patients with renal disease were diagnosed as having SLE at younger age than white patients with renal disease (mean ± SD 34.4 ± 14.9 years versus 41.9 ± 21.3 years; P = 0.05).ConclusionSLE prevalence was higher than has been described in most other population‐based studies and reached 1 in 537 among black female persons. There were substantial racial disparities in the burden of SLE, with black patients experiencing earlier age at diagnosis, >2‐fold increases in SLE incidence and prevalence, and increased proportions of renal disease and progression to ESRD as compared to white patients.
Interactive simulation of finite element equation processing for educational purposes
Authors: Lee Jae Young 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThis article introduces the educational functions of a computer program developed and put into practice for the computer‐aided instruction of the finite element method. An interactive simulation with graphical visualization is used as a tool to teach and learn the concepts and procedures related to the construction and solution of finite element stiffness equations. The tool encompasses the stages of processing finite element equations from element modeling to equation solving. Any operation of this educational tool is not an emulation of computational processes, but an actual execution of finite element processing. Thus, instructors of the finite element method may use this educational program as a tool to present complex computational aspects in comprehensible graphic images. Students may experience and explore each stage of the computation using the interactive simulation, and attain a better understanding of the concepts and procedures of the stiffness method, bypassing manual calculation or computer programming. The instructional tool has been implemented as a part of a finite element analysis program. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 23:157–169, 2015; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21586
Evaluation of grounded isometric interface for whole‐body navigation in virtual environments
Authors: Jang Bong‐gyu , Kim Gerard Jounghyun 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACTWhole‐body interaction is an effective way to promote the level of presence and immersion in virtual reality systems. In this paper, we introduce “G‐Bar,” a grounded isometric interaction device that naturally induces whole‐body interaction without complicated sensing and active haptic feedback apparatus. G‐Bar takes advantage of the significant passive reaction force feedback sensed throughout the body to produce an enhanced level of presence/immersion and possibly even task performance. For detailed investigation in the contributing factors, two experiments were carried out to assess the comparative effectiveness of G‐Bar to the following: (1) grounded but isotonic device (with force feedback and without); and (2) nongrounded handheld devices (both isotonic and isometric). The results showed that the G‐Bar induced significantly higher presence and competitive task performance (fixed velocity navigation) than the isotonic (grounded or handheld) and nongrounded isometric interfaces. Compared with the grounded isometric device with active force feedback, G‐Bar produced competitive performance. In particular, the analysis of the subjective evaluation revealed a high correlation between the level of presence and whole‐body interaction. On the other hand, whole‐body experience was not induced as much with just the active force‐feedback devices. Thus, for appropriate tasks, the grounded isometric interface can be a viable alternative to expensive and mechanically limiting active force‐feedback devices in enhancing user experience. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time‐Resolved in‐Situ Observation of Starch Polysaccharide Degradation Pathways
Authors: Beeren Sophie R. , Petersen Bent O. , Bøjstrup Marie , Hindsgaul Ole , Meier Sebastian 
Published: October 2013

AbstractAnalytical challenges in the direct time‐resolved observation of starch metabolism have been addressed by using optimized multidimensional NMR experiments. Starch provides the main source of human dietary energy intake and is a raw material for beverage and renewable fuel production. Use of direct in situ observations of starch remodeling pathways could facilitate our understanding and control of processes of biotechnological, medical, and environmental relevance. Processes involving starch synthesis or degradation are difficult to monitor directly in aqueous solution, however, because starch consists of glucopyranosyl homopolymers that are built up from and degraded into structurally similar fragments that yield only small signal dispersion in optical and NMR spectroscopy. By focusing on acetal groups only, 1H,13C HSQC experiments sampling narrow spectral windows in the highly resolved 13C dimension have been employed in order to observe the amylopectin cleavage pathway in real time with a temporal resolution of 150 s. Quantifiable signals for more than 15 molecular species emerging during starch fragmentation by human saliva have been resolved and tracked over time in this manner. Altered accumulation of intermediates in the digestion of amylopectin in the presence of black tea acting as an effector have been monitored.
Impact of direct stenting on outcome of patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction transferred for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (from the EUROTRANSFER registry)
Authors: Dziewierz Artur , Siudak Zbigniew , Rakowski Tomasz , Kleczyński Paweł , Zasada Wojciech , Dubiel Jacek S. , Dudek Dariusz 
Published: October 2013

ObjectivesWe sought to evaluate the impact of direct stenting technique on angiographic and clinical outcomes of patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary angioplasty (PCI).MethodsData on 1,419 patients who underwent immediate PCI for STEMI with implantation of ≥1 stent within native coronary artery were retrieved from the EUROTRANSFER Registry database. Patients were stratified based on the stent implantation technique: direct (without predilatation) vs. conventional stenting. Propensity score adjustment was used to control possible selection bias.ResultsDirect stenting technique was used in 276 (19.5%) patients. Remaining 1,143 patients were treated with stent implantation after balloon predilatation. Direct compared with conventional stenting resulted in significantly greater rates of postprocedural TIMI grade 3 flow (conventional vs. direct stenting: 91.5% vs. 94.9%, adjusted OR 2.09 (1.13–3.89), P = 0.020), and lower risk of no‐reflow (3.4% vs. 1.4%, adjusted OR 0.31 (0.10–0.92), P = 0.035). The rates for ST‐segment resolution >50% after PCI were higher in patients treated with direct stenting technique (76.3% vs. 86.2%, adjusted OR 1.64 (1.10–2.46), P = 0.016). A significant reduction in 1‐year mortality in patients from the direct stenting group compared with the conventional stenting group, even after adjustment for propensity score was observed (6.5% vs. 2.9%, adjusted OR 0.45 (0.21–0.99), P = 0.047).ConclusionsWhen anatomically and technically feasible, the use of direct stenting technique may result in improved long‐term survival in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Piperylene—A Versatile Basic Chemical in Catalysis
Authors: Behr Arno , Neubert Peter 
Published: October 2013

AbstractToday’s industrial chemistry heavily relies on petrochemical feedstocks, and most of the starting compounds are available from the convenient steam cracking of hydrocarbons. In particular, the short‐chain key compounds ethene and propene take center stage. In addition, low‐molecular‐weight conjugated dienes such as butadiene and isoprene have remarkable importance in the production of polymers and fine chemicals. Another, so far clearly underrated, short‐chain conjugated diene is piperylene (1,3‐pentadiene), which is also available from the steam cracking of naphtha. The goal of this review is to illustrate the high potential of piperylene as a suitable starting compound in the area of fine chemicals by using transition‐metal catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Rich Crystal Chemistry and Magnetism of “114” Stoichiometric LnBaFe4O7.0 Ferrites.
Authors: Duffort V. , Caignaert V. , Pralong V. , Cervellino A. , Sheptyakov D. , Raveau B. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractTitle compounds with Ln: Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu are synthesized from stoichiometric mixtures of Ln2O3, BaFe2O4, Fe2O3, and Fe (1100 °C, 24 h) and from solutions of Ln2O3, BaCO3, and Fe(C2O4) in molten citric acid, followed by calcination (900 °C for 6 h and 1050 °C for 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Marinite Li2M(SO4)2 (M: Co, Fe, Mn) and Li1Fe(SO4)2: Model Compounds for Super‐Super‐Exchange Magnetic Interactions.
Authors: Reynaud Marine , Rousse Gwenaelle , Chotard Jean‐Noel , Rodriguez‐Carvajal Juan , Tarascon Jean‐Marie 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe title compounds are investigated by powder X‐ray and powder neutron diffraction and magnetic susceptibility measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Neutron Powder Diffraction of the Formation of SrGa2D2, and Hydrogenation Behavior of YbGa2 and EuGa2.
Authors: Wenderoth Patrick , Kohlmann Holger 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe hydrogenation behavior of the Zintl phases MGa2 (M: Sr, Eu, Yb) is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Three New Mixed‐Alkali‐ and Alkaline‐Earth‐Metal Borates: From 1D Chain to 2D Layer to 3D Framework.
Authors: Wu Han‐Qing , Ju Ping , He Huan , Yang Bai‐Feng , Yang Guo‐Yu 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe crystal structures of the new borates (IV), (VII), and (IX) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: New Layered Fluorosulfide SrFBiS2.
Authors: Lei Hechang , Wang Kefeng , Abeykoon Milinda , Bozin Emil S. , Petrovic Cedomir 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe title compound is prepared by solid state reaction of Bi2S3 (obtained from the elements at 600 °C for 10 h), SrF2, and SrS (600 °C, 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of the [(UO2)S4]6‐ Anion: A Cation‐Stabilized Uranyl Sulfide.
Authors: Ward Matthew D. , Klingsporn Jordan M. , Ibers James A. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBlack prisms of Na2Ba2(UO2)S4 are synthesized by solid state reaction of uranium, Na2O2, BaS, and sulfur (873 K, 96 h, 50 wt.% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Generation of Functionalized Aryl and Heteroaryl Aluminum Reagents by Halogen—Lithium Exchange.
Authors: Klatt Thomas , Groll Klaus , Knochel Paul 
Published: October 2013

AbstractVarious functionalized aryl aluminum reagents are obtained by performing halogen—Li exchange reactions with the corresponding aryl halides in the presence of iBu2AlCl.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Addition to Acrylonitrile via Catalytic Photochemical Decarboxylation of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Yoshimi Yasuharu , Washida Sonoka , Okita Yoshiki , Nishikawa Keisuke , Maeda Kousuke , Hayashi Shota , Morita Toshio 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPhotoinduced electron transfer promoted decarboxylation of carboxylic acids in the presence of phenanthrene and 1,4‐dicyanonaphthalene as electron acceptor promotes a radical reaction with acrylonitrile to afford nitriles (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Allyl Allenes Through Three‐Component Cross‐Coupling Reaction of N‐Tosylhydrazones, Terminal Alkynes, and Allyl Halides.
Authors: Ye Fei , Hossain Mohammad Lokman , Xu Yan , Ma Xiaoshen , Xiao Qing , Zhang Yan , Wang Jianbo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe reaction is applied to a wide range of aldehyde‐ and ketone‐derived N‐tosylhydrazones.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐(Alkylsulfamoyl)aldimines: Easily Deprotected Precursors for Diarylmethylamine Synthesis.
Authors: Crampton Rosemary H. , Fox Martin , Woodward Simon 
Published: October 2013

AbstractActivated aldimines (III) are suitable substrates for the synthesis of optically active diarylmethylamines (V) via Rh‐catalyzed asymmetric addition of arylboronic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Imidazolium‐Based Organic—Inorganic Hybrid Silica as a Functional Platform Dramatically Boosts Chiral Organometallics Performance in Asymmetric Catalysis.
Authors: Xia Daquan , Cheng Tanyu , Xiao Wei , Liu Ketang , Wang Zhaoliang , Liu Guohua , Li Hexing , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2013

AbstractChiral rhodium and nickel catalysts immobilized on a phase‐transfer featured, imidazolium‐based, organic‐inorganic hybrid silica are applied to the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones and the asymmetric Michael addition of diethyl malonate.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh(III)‐Catalyzed ortho‐Oxidative Alkylation of Unactivated Arenes with Allylic Alcohols.
Authors: Huang Liangbin , Wang Qian , Qi Ji , Wu Xia , Huang Kefan , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe oxidative coupling of arenes functionalized with an amide directing group with allylic alcohols using a cationic Rh(III) catalyst is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Decarboxylative ortho Acylation of Benzoic Acids with α‐Oxocarboxylic Acids.
Authors: Miao Jinmin , Ge Haibo 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe title reaction is realized with silver carbonate as oxidant in the presence of a Pd(II)‐catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective Direct Arylations of Heteroarenes by Bromobenzamides: Direct Synthesis of Heteroaryl Benzamides.
Authors: Chen Lu , Bruneau Christian , Dixneuf Pierre H. , Doucet Henri 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe Pd‐catalyzed arylation of various heteroarenes with bromobenzamides is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Thienotriazolopyrimidine Derivatives Containing Triazolothiadiazole Moiety.
Authors: Whang Jina , Song Yang‐Heon 
Published: October 2013

AbstractSome of the prepared products are identified as strong inhibitors of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) action, which inhibit IL‐6 induced STAT3‐dependent luciferase activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Symmetrical 1,3‐Diynes via Tandem Reaction of (Z)‐Arylvinyl Bromides in the Presence of DBU and CuI.
Authors: Zhang Wen‐Sheng , Xu Wen‐Jing , Zhang Fei , Qu Gui‐Rong 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe title reaction involves a primary elimination step to afford intermediate terminal alkynes and their homocoupling in the presence of DBU and CuI.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Solid‐Liquid Phase Alkylation of Naphthols.
Authors: Balint Erika , Kovacs Orsolya , Drahos Laszlo , Keglevich Gyoergy 
Published: October 2013

AbstractCatalyst‐free, selective O‐alkylation of naphthols is achieved under microwave irradiation in the presence of K2CO3.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Iodofulvenes.
Authors: Noesel Pascal , Lauterbach Tobias , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractThe catalytic cycle involves the formation of gold acetylides and vinylgold intermediates which undergo an unprecedented iodine/gold exchange.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Domino [4 + 1 + 1] Carbocyclization Providing an Efficient and Regioselective Strategy to Fluoren‐9‐ones.
Authors: Li Ying , Xu Haiwei , Fu Liping , Shi Qingqing , Jiang Bo , Tu Shujiang 
Published: October 2013

AbstractA microwave‐assisted one‐pot synthesis of fluoren‐9‐one derivatives is reported which tolerates a variety of additional functionalities within the starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,4‐Naphthoquinones in H‐Bond‐Directed Trienamine‐Mediated Strategies.
Authors: Albrecht Lukasz , Villegas Gomez Clarisa , Jacobsen Christian Borch , Joergensen Karl Anker 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBased on a trienamine‐mediated H‐bond directed [4 + 2] cycloaddition of 2,4‐dienals and 1,4‐naphthoquinones a stereoselective approach to enantioenriched carboannulated naphthoquinones and dihydronaphthoquinones is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Cyclization of Enamide‐Ynes and Application to the Synthesis of the Kopsifoline Core.
Authors: Corkey Britton K. , Heller Stephen T. , Wang Yi‐Ming , Toste F. Dean 
Published: October 2013

AbstractA Pd‐catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of azaspirocycles is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocyclic Analogues of 5,12‐Naphthacenequinone. Part 11. A New Method for Preparing 4,11‐Dimethoxyanthra[2,3‐b]furan‐5,10‐dione
Authors: Tikhomirov A. S. , Shchekotikhin A. E. , Luzikov Yu. N. , Korolev A. M. , Preobrazhenskaya M. N. 
Published: October 2013

Abstractbased on the cyclization of (haloanthraquinonyl)formylacetic acid derivatives (VII)
ChemInform Abstract: Twofold Carbon—Carbon Bond Formation by Intra‐ and Intermolecular Radical Reactions of Aryl Diazonium Salts.
Authors: Jasch Hannelore , Landais Yannick , Heinrich Markus R. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractA variety of novel cascade reactions, in which two C—C bonds are formed, can be carried out when the known radical 5‐ or 6‐exo‐cyclization of an aryl diazonium salt is conducted in the presence of scavengers like TEMPO or nitrogen monoxide and alkenes, respectively.