bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of Triclosan-Degrading Bacterium
Sphingomonas
sp. Strain YL-JM2C, Isolated from a Wastewater Treatment Plant in China
Authors: Mulla Sikandar I. , Hu Anyi , Xu Haili , Yu Chang-Ping 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Sphingomonas
sp. strain YL-JM2C was isolated from a wastewater treatment plant in Xiamen, China, by enrichment on triclosan. The bacterium is of special interest because of its ability to degrade triclosan. Here, we present a draft genome sequence of the microorganism and its functional annotation. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of a draft genome sequence of a triclosan-degrading bacterium
Exclusively breastfed overweight infants are at the same risk of childhood overweight as formula fed overweight infants
Authors: van der Willik Esmee M , Vrijkotte Tanja G M , Altenburg Teatske M , Gademan Maaike G J , Kist-van Holthe Joana 
Published: June 2015

Background and objectiveSeveral early life determinants play a role in childhood obesity. Rapid weight gain and overweight in infancy increases the risk while breast feeding seems to protect against childhood overweight. However, should we worry about exclusively breastfed overweight infants? The aim of the study is to examine the association of feeding type (exclusive breast feeding (EBF), formula feeding or mixed feeding) and overweight at the age of 6 months with the risk of overweight at the age of 5–6 years.MethodsThe Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study is a large prospective population-based birth cohort study conducted in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Children with complete information pertaining to feeding type and weight status at the age of 6 months and 5–6 years were included (N=3367). EBF was defined as receiving only breast feeding for at least 3 months. Overweight at the ages of 6 months and 5–6 years were defined by the WHO child growth standards and the International Obesity Task Force guidelines, respectively. The association of feeding type and overweight at 6 months with overweight at 5–6 years was assessed using logistic regression analyses.ResultsOverweight infants have a 4.10-fold (95% CI 2.91 to 5.78) higher odds of childhood overweight compared with those who were not overweight, independent of feeding type. EBF did not affect the association between infant overweight and childhood overweight.ConclusionsOverweight in infancy increases the odds of childhood overweight, equally for exclusively breastfed and formula fed infants. Overweight prevention should start before or at birth and applies to formula fed children as well as exclusively breastfed children.
The effect of food environments on fruit and vegetable intake as modified by time spent at home: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chum Antony , Farrell Eddie , Vaivada Tyler , Labetski Anna , Bohnert Arianne , Selvaratnam Inthuja , Larsen Kristian , Pinter Theresa , O'Campo Patricia 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveThere is a growing body of research that investigates how the residential neighbourhood context relates to individual diet. However, previous studies ignore participants’ time spent in the residential environment and this may be a problem because time-use studies show that adults’ time-use pattern can significantly vary. To better understand the role of exposure duration, we designed a study to examine ‘time spent at home’ as a moderator to the residential food environment-diet association.DesignCross-sectional observational study.SettingsCity of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.Participants2411 adults aged 25–65.Primary outcome measureFrequency of vegetable and fruit intake (VFI) per day.ResultsTo examine how time spent at home may moderate the relationship between residential food environment and VFI, the full sample was split into three equal subgroups—short, medium and long duration spent at home. We detected significant associations between density of food stores in the residential food environment and VFI for subgroups that spend medium and long durations at home (ie, spending a mean of 8.0 and 12.3 h at home, respectively—not including sleep time), but no associations exist for people who spend the lowest amount of time at home (mean=4.7 h). Also, no associations were detected in analyses using the full sample.ConclusionsOur study is the first to demonstrate that time spent at home may be an important variable to identify hidden population patterns regarding VFI. Time spent at home can impact the association between the residential food environment and individual VFI.
Tobacco addiction and smoking cessation in Austrian migrants: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Urban Matthias , Burghuber Otto Chris , Dereci Canan , Aydogan Masite , Selimovic Eldin , Catic Selmir , Funk Georg-Christian 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveRecent observations revealed substantial differences in smoking behaviour according to individuals’ migration background. However, smoking cessation strategies are rarely tailored on the basis of a migration background. We aimed to determine whether smoking behaviour and preferences for smoking cessation programmes differ between Austrian migrant smokers and Austrian smokers without a migration background.Study designCross-sectional study.SettingRecruitment and interview were performed at public places in Vienna, Austria.ParticipantsThe 420 smokers included: 140 Bosnian, 140 Turkish migrant smokers of the first or second generation, as well as 140 Austrian smokers without a migration background.MethodsWe cross-sectionally assessed determinants of smoking behaviour and smoking cessation of every participant with a standardised questionnaire.Primary outcome measureThe Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence.Secondary outcome measuresDeterminants of smoking behaviour, willingness to quit smoking and smoking cessation.ResultsNicotine addiction expressed via the Fagerström score was significantly higher in smokers with a migration background versus those without (Bosnian migrant smokers 4.7±2.5, Turkish migrant smokers 4.0±2.0, Austrian smokers without a migration background 3.4±2.3, p<0.0001). Bosnian and Turkish migrant smokers described a greater willingness to quit, but have had more previous cessation trials than Austrian smokers without a migration background, indicating an increased demand for cessation strategies in these study groups. They also participated in counselling programmes less often than Austrian smokers without a migration background. Finally, we found significant differences in preferences regarding smoking cessation programmes (ie, preferred location, service offered in another language besides German, and group rather than single counselling).ConclusionsWe found significant differences in addictive behaviour and cessation patterns between smokers with and without a migration background. Our results indicate a strong demand for adjusting cessation programmes to the cultural background.
Association between body mass index and onset of hypertension in men and women with and without diabetes: a cross-sectional study using national health data from the State of Kuwait in the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Channanath Arshad Mohamed , Farran Bassam , Behbehani Kazem , Thanaraj Thangavel Alphonse 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveObesity contributes directly to the risk of diabetes and hypertension. Effective management of diabetes is essential to prevent or delay the onset of comorbid hypertension. In this study, we delineate the association body mass index (BMI) has with risk and age at onset of hypertension and explore how this association is modulated by sex and the pre-existing condition of diabetes.DesignCross-sectional study using retrospective data.SettingKuwait Health Network that integrates primary health and hospital laboratory data into a single system.ParticipantsWe considered 3904 native Kuwaiti comorbid individuals who had the onset of type 2 diabetes prior to that of hypertension, and 1403 native Kuwaiti hypertensive individuals with no incidence of diabetes. These participants have been regularly monitored for BMI, glycated haemoglobin and blood pressure measurements. Mean variance in BMI per individual over the period from registration is seen to be low.Main outcome measuresAssociation between age at onset of hypertension and BMI (as measured at hypertension diagnosis); HRs for developing hypertension.ResultsRisk of hypertension increases with obesity levels, and is higher in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes but of similar obesity levels. Age at onset of hypertension is inversely related to BMI; this relationship is seen to be stronger in men compared to women (slope estimate in men, −0.62 years per unit increase in BMI; in women −0.18) and in individuals (particularly women) with diabetes compared to those without (slope estimate in women, −0.39 vs −0.18, p<0.001; in men −0.66 vs −0.62; p=0.66).ConclusionsThe observation that the presence of diabetes doubles the slope of inverse relationship between hypertension onset age and BMI in women (while the slope is high in men irrespective of diabetes status) leads to a possible proposition that pre-existing diabetes narrows down sex-specific differences in the impact of obesity on blood pressure.
Relationship between expression of IGFBP7 and clinicopathological variables in gastric cancer
Authors: Sato Yuya , Inokuchi Mikito , Takagi Yoko , Otsuki Sho , Fujimori Yoshitaka , Yanaka Yoshimitsu , Kobayashi Kenta , Higuchi Kyoko , Kojima Kazuyuki , Kawano Tatsuyuki 
Published: June 2015

AimsInsulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) is reported to have tumour suppressor function through an IGF-dependent pathway in various malignant tumours. However, the expression of IGFBP7 in adenocarcinoma and its relationship with tumour progression and survival differs among studies. Our aims were to investigate the relationship between the expression of IGFBP7 and clinicopathological variables and outcomes of patients with gastric cancer.MethodsTumour samples were obtained from 219 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy. The expression of IGFBP7 protein was examined by immunohistochemical staining. IGFBP7 mRNA levels were analysed using real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR in 24 of the gastric cancer tumours and in adjacent non-tumour tissues. Correlation of IGFBP7 expression with clinicopathological features was analysed.ResultsThe protein expression of IGFBP7 was positively correlated with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis or recurrence and pathological stage. High expression of IGFBP7 protein was associated with a significantly worse disease-specific survival (p<0.001) and was an independent prognostic factor in multivariable analysis (HR, 4.8; 95% CI 2.1 to 10.6; p<0.001). The IGFBP7 mRNA level was significantly higher in advanced gastric cancer than in early gastric cancer, in tumours with lymph node metastasis than in tumours without lymph node metastasis, and in tumours with distant metastasis or recurrence than in tumours without distant metastasis or recurrence.ConclusionsOverexpression of IGFBP7 was associated with tumour progression and poor survival in gastric cancer. IGFBP7 may play a role in tumour progression in gastric cancer.
The negative predictive value of CT angiography in the setting of perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Mortimer Alex M , Appelman Auke PA , Renowden Shelley A 
Published: June 2015

BackgroundPerimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage (PMSAH) is only rarely associated with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm and CT angiography (CTA) has very good sensitivity and specificity for aneurysm detection. The necessity for invasive imaging with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is therefore debatable. We chose to assess the negative predictive value (NPV) of CTA in a series of patients with PMSAH treated at our institution over a 9-year period.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed the diagnostic yield of DSA after initial negative CTA in patients with a PMSAH pattern defined as blood centered anterior to the midbrain and/or pons within the pre-pontine or interpeduncular cistern with possible quadrigeminal or ambient cistern extension; possible extension into the basal parts of the sylvian fissures but not the lateral sylvian fissures; possible extension to the cisterna magna but not centered on the cisterna magna; and possible extension into the fourth ventricle and occipital horns of the lateral ventricles.ResultsUsing this definition of PMSAH, of 72 patients, one patient showed a potentially significant finding on DSA that was not demonstrated on initial CTA (NPV 98.61% (95% CI 92.47% to 99.77%)). However, when cisterna magna extension was excluded from the definition of PMSAH, no false negative CTAs in 56 patients were encountered (NPV 100% (95% CI 93.56% to 100.00%)).ConclusionsThe NPV of normal CTA for an arterial abnormality in patients with PMSAH is high and our results therefore question the role of invasive imaging. The findings also suggest that a prospective study designed to clarify the necessity of performing DSA in this population would be feasible.
IDH1 Mutation Induces Reprogramming of Pyruvate Metabolism
Authors: Izquierdo-Garcia Jose L. , Viswanath Pavithra , Eriksson Pia , Cai Larry , Radoul Marina , Chaumeil Myriam M. , Blough Michael , Luchman H. Artee , Weiss Samuel , Cairncross J. Gregory , Phillips Joanna J. , Pieper Russell O. , Ronen Sabrina M. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) catalyzes the production of 2-hydroxyglutarate but also elicits additional metabolic changes. Levels of both glutamate and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity have been shown to be affected in U87 glioblastoma cells or normal human astrocyte (NHA) cells expressing mutant IDH1, as compared with cells expressing wild-type IDH1. In this study, we show how these phenomena are linked through the effects of IDH1 mutation, which also reprograms pyruvate metabolism. Reduced PDH activity in U87 glioblastoma and NHA IDH1 mutant cells was associated with relative increases in PDH inhibitory phosphorylation, expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-3, and levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1α. PDH activity was monitored in these cells by hyperpolarized 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-MRS), which revealed a reduction in metabolism of hyperpolarized 2-13C-pyruvate to 5-13C-glutamate, relative to cells expressing wild-type IDH1. 13C-MRS also revealed a reduction in glucose flux to glutamate in IDH1 mutant cells. Notably, pharmacological activation of PDH by cell exposure to dichloroacetate (DCA) increased production of hyperpolarized 5-13C-glutamate in IDH1 mutant cells. Furthermore, DCA treatment also abrogated the clonogenic advantage conferred by IDH1 mutation. Using patient-derived mutant IDH1 neurosphere models, we showed that PDH activity was essential for cell proliferation. Taken together, our results established that the IDH1 mutation induces an MRS-detectable reprogramming of pyruvate metabolism, which is essential for cell proliferation and clonogenicity, with immediate therapeutic implications. Cancer Res; 75(15); 2999–3009. ©2015 AACR.
Associations of ApoAI and ApoB–Containing Lipoproteins With AngII–Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice
Authors: Liu Jing , Lu Hong , Howatt Deborah A. , Balakrishnan Anju , Moorleghen Jessica J. , Sorci-Thomas Mary , Cassis Lisa A. , Daugherty Alan 
Published: June 2015

Objective—
Dyslipidemia is implicated in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in humans and angiotensin (Ang) II–infused mice. This study determined effects of major lipoprotein classes on AngII-induced AAAs using multiple mouse strains with dietary and pharmacological manipulations.

Approach and Results—
Western diet had minor effects on plasma cholesterol concentrations and the low incidence of AngII-induced AAAs in C57BL/6J mice. Low incidence of AAAs in this strain was not attributed to protection from high-density lipoprotein, because apolipoprotein (apo) AI deficiency did not increase AngII-induced AAAs. ApoAI deletion also failed to alter AAA occurrence in hypercholesterolemic mice. Low-density lipoprotein receptor−/− mice fed normal diet had low incidence of AngII-induced AAAs. Western diet feeding of this strain provoked pronounced hypercholesterolemia because of increased apoB-containing lipoproteins with attendant increases of atherosclerosis in both sexes, but AAAs only in male mice. ApoE-deficient mice fed normal diet were modestly hypercholesterolemic, whereas this strain fed Western diet was severely hypercholesterolemic because of increased apoB-containing lipoprotein concentrations. The latter augmented atherosclerosis, but did not change the high incidence of AAAs in this strain. To determine whether reductions in apoB-containing lipoproteins influenced AngII-induced AAAs, ezetimibe was administered at a dose that partially reduced plasma cholesterol concentrations to ApoE-deficient mice fed Western diet. This decreased atherosclerosis, but not AAAs. This ezetimibe dose in ApoE-deficient mice fed normal diet significantly decreased plasma apoB-containing lipoprotein concentrations and reduced AngII-induced AAAs.

Conclusions—
ApoB-containing lipoproteins contribute to augmentation of AngII-induced AAA in male mice. However, unlike atherosclerosis, AAA occurrence was not correlated with increases in plasma apoB-containing lipoprotein concentrations.
Synergistic Effects of Transplanted Endothelial Progenitor Cells and RWJ 67657 in Diabetic Ischemic Stroke Models
Authors: Bai Ying-Ying , Wang Lishan , Chang Di , Zhao Zhen , Lu Chun-Qiang , Wang Guozheng , Ju Shenghong 
Published: June 2015

Background and Purpose—
An immature vascular phenotype in diabetes mellitus may cause more severe vascular damage and poorer functional outcomes after stroke, and it would be feasible to repair damaged functional vessels using endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation. However, high glucose induces p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, which can accelerate the senescence and apoptosis of EPCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of EPC transplantation and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor administration on diabetic stroke outcomes.

Methods—

Bone marrow–derived EPCs were injected intra-arterially into
db/db
mice after ischemic stroke induction. RWJ 67657 (RWJ), a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor, was administered orally for 7 consecutive days, with the first dose given 30 minutes before stroke induction. Functional outcome was determined at days 0, 1, 7, 14, and 21. Angiogenesis, neurogenesis, infarct volume, and Western blotting assays were performed on day 7, and white matter remodeling was determined on day 14.

Results—
Neither EPC transplantation nor RWJ administration alone significantly improved diabetic stroke outcome although RWJ displayed a potent anti-inflammatory effect. By both improving the functioning of EPCs and reducing inflammation, EPC transplantation plus RWJ administration in vivo synergistically promoted angiogenesis and neurogenesis after diabetic stroke. In addition, the white matter remodeling, behavioral scores, and expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were significantly increased in diabetic mice treated with both EPCs and RWJ.

Conclusions—
The combination of EPC transplantation and RWJ administration accelerated recovery from diabetic stroke, which might have been caused by increased levels of proangiogenic and neurotrophic factors.
In vitro assessment of the effects of Brassica juncea and Raphanus sativus leaf and root extracts on the viability of Globodera pallida encysted eggs
Authors: Ngala Bruno M. , Woods Simon R. , Back Matthew A. 
Published: June 2015

The biofumigation potential of leaf and root extracts of Brassica juncea and Raphanus sativus on Globodera pallida were assessed in vitro. In an efficacy study, G. pallida encysted eggs were exposed to six different concentrations of freeze-dried leaf or root extracts for 96 h and assessed for viability using hatching assays in 6-week-old potato root leachates (PRL). For B. juncea extracts an LC50 value of 0.027 mg ml−1 w/v was determined. The LC50 of Raphanus sativus root extracts was 0.032 mg ml−1, whereas leaf extracts were effective only at higher concentrations (⩾0.50 mg ml−1; w/v) and to a lesser extent. Hatching of G. pallida was enhanced in PRL following exposure to lower concentrations (0.063 mg ml−1) of R. sativus leaf extract. An analysis of the types and concentrations of glucosinolate (GSL) present in the freeze-dried tissues revealed that B. juncea leaf tissue was rich in 2-propenyl GSL (≈98%). Root tissue also had a high concentration of 2-propenyl GSL, but the leaf extracts were found to have a higher concentration (⩾90 μmol (g dry weight)−1) when compared with the root extract (⩾10 μmol (g dry weight)−1). Raphanus sativus had two-fold more root GSL, predominantly 2-phenylethyl GSL (⩾50 μmol (g dry weight)−1), when compared with the leaf tissue which was dominated by 4-methylsulfinylbutyl GSL (⩾20 μmol (g dry weight)−1). In summary, the strong suppression of G. pallida encysted eggs exhibited by lower concentrations of B. juncea extracts shows the potential of this species in G. pallida management if effectively incorporated into an integrated potato cyst nematode management scheme. In comparison with B. juncea, the biofumigation potential of R. sativus can be improved by maximising its root biomass production.
Characterisation of, and entomopathogenic studies on, Pristionchus aerivorus (Cobb in Merrill & Ford, 1916) Chitwood, 1937 (Rhabditida: Diplogastridae) from North Carolina, USA
Authors: Ye Weimin , Yu Qing , Kanzaki Natsumi , Adams Paul R. , Cardoza Yasmin J. 
Published: June 2015

During a survey of entomopathogenic nematodes in North Carolina, USA, aPristionchusspecies was recovered using theGalleriabait method. Morphological studies with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, mating tests with reference strains, as well as molecular analyses of the near-full-length small subunit rRNA gene (18S) and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit rRNA gene (28S) identified this isolate asPristionchus aerivorus. ExposedGallerialarvae were killed within 48 h and high numbers of nematodes were recovered from the cadavers about 5 days later. Preliminary tests revealed that this nematode is capable of infecting at least two other insect species (Helicoverpa zeaandTenebrio molitor) under laboratory conditions. The status of the genusChroniodiplogasteris discussed and confirmed as a junior synonym ofPristionchusbased on morphological observation and molecular phylogenetic analysis.
Lectotype designations and taxonomic corrections on species of Lygaeoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) described by Gustav Breddin
Authors: KONDOROSY ELŐD , RÉDEI DÁVID 
Published: June 2015

Types of selected species of Lygaeoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) described by Gustav Breddin, so far of unknown depository, were re-examined and the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems that existed among those species are discussed and resolved as required. The holotype of Dieuches schultheissi Breddin, 1906 is documented. Lectotypes are designated and documented for the following taxa: Lygaeidae: Aethalotus horni Breddin, 1907; Aspilogeton nubicola Breddin, 1901; Lygaeus hospes Fabricius, 1794 var. celebensis Breddin, 1901; Oxycarenidae: Oxycarenus musculus Breddin, 1907; Rhyparochromidae: Lispochroa blandula Breddin, 1907; Notochilaster teres Breddin, 1907; Dieuches horni Breddin, 1906; D. jacobsoni Breddin, 1906; D. nudipes Breddin, 1906; D. villosulus Breddin, 1906; Poeantius brevicollis Breddin, 1907; Pamera recincta Breddin, 1901; Paromius robustior Breddin, 1907. The following taxonomic changes are proposed: Naphius schultzei (Breddin, 1913), new combination (transferred from Rhyparochromus); Graptostethus verticalis (Dallas, 1852) = Pyrrhobaphus scutellatus Breddin, 1907, new subjective synonym; Naphius schultzei (Breddin, 1913) = Naphius capensis Scudder, 1971, new subjective synonym.