bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjusted location‐invariant U‐tests for the covariance matrix with elliptically high‐dimensional data
Authors: Xu Kai , Zhou Yeqing , Zhu Liping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis paper analyzes several covariance matrix U‐tests, which are constructed by modifying the classical John‐Nagao and Ledoit‐Wolf tests, under the elliptically distributed data structure. We study the limiting distributions of these location‐invariant test statistics as the data dimension may go to infinity in an arbitrary way as the sample size does. We find that they tend to have unsatisfactory size performances for general elliptical population. This is mainly because such population often possesses high‐order correlations among their coordinates. Taking such kind of dependency into consideration, we propose necessary corrections for these tests to cope with elliptically high‐dimensional data. For computational efficiency, alternative forms of the new test statistics are also provided. We derive the universal asymptotic null distributions of the proposed test statistics under elliptical distributions and beyond. The powers of the proposed tests are further investigated. The accuracy of the tests is demonstrated by simulations and an empirical study.
Looking our limitations in the eye: A call for more thorough and honest reporting of study limitations
Authors: Clarke Beth , Alley Lindsay J. , Ghai Sakshi , Flake Jessica K. , Rohrer Julia M. , Simmons Joseph P. , Schiavone Sarah R. , Vazire Simine 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe replication crisis and subsequent credibility revolution in psychology have highlighted many suboptimal research practices such as p‐hacking, overgeneralizing, and a lack of transparency. These practices may have been employed reflexively but upon reflection, they are hard to defend. We suggest that current practices for reporting and discussing study limitations are another example of an area where there is much room for improvement. In this article, we call for more rigorous reporting of study limitations in social and personality psychology articles, and we offer advice for how to do this. We recommend that authors consider what the best argument is against their conclusions (which we call the “steel‐person principle”). We consider limitations as threats to construct, internal, external, and statistical conclusion validity (Shadish et al., 2002), and offer some examples for better practice reporting of common study limitations. Our advice has its own limitations — both our representation of current practices and our recommendations are largely based on our own metaresearch and opinions. Nevertheless, we hope that we can prompt researchers to write more deeply and clearly about the limitations of their research, and to hold each other to higher standards when reviewing each other's work.
Malignancy following solid organ transplantation: Current techniques for determination of donor versus recipient origin
Authors: Rojansky Rebecca , Marboe Charles C. , Berry Gerald J. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAmong the post‐transplantation complications that patients may encounter, the transmission of a donor‐derived malignant neoplasm is uncommon but potentially life threatening. The determination of donor versus recipient origin is essential particularly in the setting of multiple transplant recipients from the donor. Advances in molecular biology now allow accurate discrimination utilizing routine tissue samples in a timely and cost‐effective manner. The techniques are routinely performed in hospital molecular biology laboratories and are also available in commercial labs. The current methodologies are discussed and future possibilities are presented for clinicians caring for solid organ recipients.
Ploidy variation induces butterfly effect on chromatin topology in wheat
Authors: Jiao Wu , Lu Kening , Wen Mingxing , Mao Junrong , Ni Zhongfu , Chen Z. Jeffrey , Wang Xiue , Song Qingxin , Yuan Jingya 
Published: July 2024

SUMMARYPolyploidy is a prominent driver of plant diversification, accompanied with dramatic chromosomal rearrangement and epigenetic changes that affect gene expression. How chromatin interactions within and between subgenomes adapt to ploidy transition remains poorly understood. We generate open chromatin interaction maps for natural hexaploid wheat (AABBDD), extracted tetraploid wheat (AABB), diploid wheat progenitor Aegilops tauschii (DD) and resynthesized hexaploid wheat (RHW, AABBDD). Thousands of intra‐ and interchromosomal loops are de novo established or disappeared in AB subgenomes after separation of D subgenome, in which 37–95% of novel loops are lost again in RHW after merger of D genome. Interestingly, more than half of novel loops are formed by cascade reactions that are triggered by disruption of chromatin interaction between AB and D subgenomes. The interaction repressed genes in RHW relative to DD are expression suppressed, resulting in more balanced expression of the three homoeologs in RHW. The interaction levels of cascade anchors are decreased step‐by‐step. Leading single nucleotide polymorphisms of yield‐ and plant architecture‐related quantitative trait locus are significantly enriched in cascade anchors. The expression of 116 genes interacted with these anchors are significantly correlated with the corresponding traits. Our findings reveal trans‐regulation of intrachromosomal loops by interchromosomal interactions during genome merger and separation in polyploid species.
The Journey of Women in Disney Movies and Their Impact on Shaping Social Perceptions
Authors: Sreekumar Haripriya , Poongodi A. 
Published: July 2024

Disney movies have long fascinated audiences with their fantastical narratives, lively characters, and imaginative landscapes. However, the representation of women in Disney movies was always through a patriarchal lens. This research investigates the portrayal of women characters in contemporary Disney movies Moana (2016) and Mulan (2020) and analyses how they differ from the traditional portrayal of women in Disney movies using the theoretical framework of postmodern feminism and patriarchy. The paper analyses how travel empowers these women and what significant changes it brings about in the development of their characters. The paper also explores the psyche of these women characters and how their journey inspires young adults, especially today’s women. The paper serves as a lens into society and the influence of media and other popular culture in the perceptions formed about women and how they are supposed to be.
Double dosing ulipristal acetate emergency contraception for individuals with obesity: a randomised crossover trial
Authors: Edelman Alison , Hennebold Jon D , Bond Kise , Lim Jeong Y , Cherala Ganesh , Blue Steven W , Kraft Shawn P , Erikson David W , Archer David , Jensen Jeffery 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveTo determine whether increasing the dose of ulipristal acetate (UPA)-containing emergency contraception (EC) improves pharmacodynamic outcomes in individuals with obesity.Study designWe enrolled healthy, regularly-cycling, confirmed ovulatory, reproductive-age individuals with body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2and weight >80 kg in a randomised crossover study. We monitored participants with transvaginal ultrasound and blood sampling for progesterone, luteinising hormone (LH), and estradiol every other day until a dominant follicle measuring >15 mm was visualised. At that point, participants received either oral UPA EC 30 mg or 60 mg and returned for daily monitoring up to 7 days. After a no treatment washout cycle, participants returned for a second monitored cycle and received the other UPA dose. Our primary outcome was the proportion of subjects with no follicle rupture 5 days post-dosing (yes/no). For reference, we also enrolled a control group with BMI <25 kg/m2and weight <80 kg who received UPA EC 30 mg during a single cycle. We also obtained blood samples for pharmacokinetic parameters for UPA and its active metabolite,N-monodemethyl-UPA (NDM-UPA) as an optional substudy.ResultsWe enrolled a total of 52 participants with BMI >30 kg/m2and 12 controls, with the following cycles completed: 12 controls, 49 UPA 30 mg, and 46 UPA 60 mg. The entire cohort demographics were a mean (SD) age of 29.8 (3.4) years and BMI by group: controls 22.5 (1.4) kg/m2, group 1 37.9 (6.7) kg/m2, and group 2 39.3 (5.4) kg/m2. All 12 (100%) of controls had a delay of at least 5 days for follicle rupture. Among the high BMI group, dosing groups (UPA EC 30 mg vs 60 mg) were similar in the proportion of cycles without follicle rupture over 5 days post-UPA dosing (UPA 30 mg: 47/49 (96%), UPA 60 mg: 42/46 (91%), Fisher’s exact test p=0.43). However, after excluding cycles where dosing occurred too late (after LH surge), a delay of at least 5 days occurred in all participants at both doses. The 60 mg UPA dose resulted in a twofold increase in maximum observed concentration and the area under the curve of both UPA and NDM-UPA levels compared with 30 mg.ConclusionA standard 30 mg dose of UPA is sufficient to delay ovulation regardless of BMI or weight. Results of our study do not support dose adjustment for body size.
Cantharidin overcomes IL-2Rα signaling-mediated vorinostat resistance in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma through reactive oxygen species
Authors: Zhu Man , Tang Wenjun , Tang Xiaoyu , Zhu Zeren , Jiang Yina , Sarwar Ammar , Zhang Hongmei , Chu Dake , Zhang Zixi , Zhang Yanmin 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundVorinostat (SAHA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that has shown clinical efficacy against advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). However, only a subset of patients with CTCL (30–35%) respond to SAHA and the response is not always sustainable. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying evasive resistance in this cancer is an unmet medical need to improve the efficacy of current therapies.PurposeThis study aims to identify factors contributing to resistance against SAHA in CTCL and ways to mitigate it.Methods and resultsIn this study, we demonstrated that attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces the expression of interleukin (IL)-2Rα, one of the IL-2 receptors, which drives resistance to SAHA in CTCL. We also determined that cantharidin could overcome SAHA resistance to CTCL by blocking IL-2Rα-related signaling via ROS-dependent manner. Mechanistically, accelerated translation of IL-2Rα contributes to excessive IL-2Rα protein formation as a result of reduced ROS levels in SAHA-resistant CTCL. At the same time, amplified IL-2R signals are evidenced by strengthened interaction of IL-2Rβ with IL-2Rγ and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription molecules, and by increased expression of protein kinase B (AKT)/mTOR and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Moreover, cantharidin, an active constituent ofMylabrisused in traditional Chinese medicine, markedly increased ROS levels, and thereby restrained IL-2Rα translation, resulting in suppression of downstream pathways in SAHA-resistant cells. Cantharidin is also found to synergize with SAHA and triggers SAHA-resistant cell death via IL-2R signaling both in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionOur study uncovers a novel molecular mechanism of acquired SAHA resistance and also suggests that using cantharidin is a potential approach to overcome CTCL therapy resistance. Our findings underlie the therapeutic potential of cantharidin in treating CTCL.
Determining cut-off scores for simulated tasks in Brazilian Air Force military personnel
Authors: Botta Willian Carrero , Magraner J M , Orr R M , Padovani C R , Borin J P 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionCombat readiness assessments through simulated tasks (STs) have been developed for the Brazilian Air Force (BAF) to establish physical employment standards. Previous research has established BAF critical combat tasks with STs developed based on the physical demands of these tasks. Before implementing these STs, the standards required of BAF personnel must be established. The aim of this study was to determine the cut-off scores for five previously established STs.MethodsEighty-eight cadets attended three different testing batteries in order to complete the five STs, being: Battery 1 (foot march), Battery 2 (plane crash on water and water survival skills) and Battery 3 (plane crash on land, obstacle course) with their times recorded. Cut-off scores were set at the 85th percentile of the data distribution with these values and then analysed by four subject matter experts (SMEs) using subjective criteria through criterion analysis.ResultsAll 88 cadets were submitted to the five assessments. After analysing the performance results on the STs, the SMEs discussed and agreed on the following cut-off scores: obstacle course (3:21 min:s), foot march (31:00 min:s), plane crash on land (1:25 min:s), plane crash on water (1:12 min:s) and water survival skills (4:03 min:s).ConclusionThe outcomes of this research allow for the five STs to be implemented in BAF cadets and qualified BAF personnel with the established cut-off scores used to monitor the operational capability of these personnel (be it for cadet training outcomes or unit preparedness assessments) and to guide conditioning practices if personnel are below standards.
Autologous haematopoiesis stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) for treatment-refractory autoimmune diseases in children
Authors: Satirer Özlem , Henes Joerg C , Döring Michaela , Lesk Till , Benseler Susanne , Kuemmerle-Deschner Jasmin Beate 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of autologous haematopoiesis stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) for severe, refractory autoimmune diseases in paediatric patients.MethodsA single-centre study of consecutive children and adolescents with refractory autoimmune diseases undergoing AHSCT was performed. Demographics, clinical, laboratory features, pre-AHSCT medications, disease activity and functional status were captured. The primary outcome was progression-free survival, secondary outcomes included overall survival, disease-specific treatment responses, disease activity at the last follow-up and AHSCT safety.ResultsThe study included seven patients: two systemic sclerosis, one pansclerotic morphoea, one eosinophilic fasciitis, one juvenile dermatomyositis and two patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis; four women, three men median age at AHSCT of 10 years (7–19), median follow-up post-AHSCT of 17 years. Median progression-free survival and overall survival was 4.2 years (95% CI: 0.98 to 8.3) and 17 years (95% CI: 11.8 to 22.1), respectively. Progression-free survival rates at 1 and 2 years post-AHSCT were 100% and 77%, respectively. All children survived. All patients are in clinical remission, only four require ongoing immunotherapy. Safety: Three experienced infections, including HHV6, Candida and Ralstonia sepsis; one developed a systemic inflammatory response syndrome; two new onset secondary autoimmune diseases including autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, Graves’ disease and one was found to have a breast fibroadenoma. Treatment toxicity: one cyclophosphamide-associated transient renal failure and pericardial effusion, one patient with amenorrhoea/infertility.ConclusionsAHSCT was an effective and safe approach for children and adolescents with treatment-refractory autoimmune diseases. The indication and timing of transplantation requires a careful consideration and a multidisciplinary approach.
Early clinical response associates with long-term outcomes with ixekizumab in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Ramiro Sofia , Lukas Cédric , Bessette Louis , Wickersham Pendleton , Panni Tommaso , Bolce Rebecca , Liu-Leage Soyi , Janos Boris , Nissen Michael J , Wei James Cheng-­Chung 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society-European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology recommendations for axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) management include patient assessment for biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD) treatment response after at least 12 weeks of treatment. The current treat-to-target strategy for axSpA is to achieve inactive disease (ID; Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) <1.3) or at least low disease activity (LDA; 1.3≤ASDAS<2.1).To investigate the association between treatment response at week 12 and/or week 24 and attainment of the ASDAS<2.1 treat-to-target recommendation at week 52 in bDMARD-naïve patients with radiographic (r-)axSpA treated with ixekizumab (IXE).MethodsThis post hoc analysis included patients randomly assigned to IXE 80 mg every 4 weeks from COAST-V (NCT02696785), a phase 3 trial in bDMARD-naïve patients with r-axSpA. The proportion of patients who achieved ASDAS<2.1 at week 52 was measured among those who attained or not clinically important improvement (CII, ∆ASDAS≥1.1) response, and among those with ID, LDA and high or very high disease activity at week 12 and/or week 24. Non-response was assumed for missing data.ResultsAmongst 81 patients, 47 (58.0%) achieved ASDAS CII at week 12, with 70.2% (n=33) achieving ASDAS<2.1 at week 52. At week 24, 52 (64.2%) patients achieved ASDAS CII, with 71.2% (n=37) achieving ASDAS<2.1 at week 52. Of the 24 patients who did not achieve ASDAS CII at either week 12 or week 24, 5 (20.8%) achieved ASDAS<2.1 at week 52.ConclusionThis analysis reinforces the current recommendation that continuing treatment in those achieving ASDAS CII at week 12 and/or week 24 increases the likelihood of obtaining ID/LDA at week 52.Trial registration numberNCT02696785.
Constructing model-agnostic likelihoods, a method for the reinterpretation of particle physics results
Authors: Gärtner Lorenz , Hartmann Nikolai , Heinrich Lukas , Horstmann Malin , Kuhr Thomas , Reboud Méril , Stefkova Slavomira , van Dyk Danny 
Published: July 2024

AbstractExperimental High Energy Physics has entered an era of precision measurements. However, measurements of many of the accessible processes assume that the final states’ underlying kinematic distribution is the same as the Standard Model prediction. This assumption introduces an implicit model-dependency into the measurement, rendering the reinterpretation of the experimental analysis complicated without reanalysing the underlying data. We present a novel reweighting method in order to perform reinterpretation of particle physics measurements. It makes use of reweighting the Standard Model templates according to kinematic signal distributions of alternative theoretical models, prior to performing the statistical analysis. The generality of this method allows us to perform statistical inference in the space of theoretical parameters, assuming different kinematic distributions, according to a beyond Standard Model prediction. We implement our method as an extension to the software and interface it with the software, which allows us to perform flavor physics phenomenology studies. Furthermore, we argue that, beyond the or likelihood specification, only minimal information is necessary to make a likelihood model-agnostic and hence easily reinterpretable. We showcase that publishing such likelihoods is crucial for a full exploitation of experimental results.
Charged and magnetized particle motion around a static black hole in the Starobinsky–Bel–Robinson gravity
Authors: Davlataliev Akbar , Narzilloev Bakhtiyor , Hussain Ibrar , Abdujabbarov Ahmadjon , Ahmedov Bobomurat 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn this work we focus on the effects of Starobinsky–Bel–Robinson (SBR) gravity parameter and external magnetic field on the motion of charged test particles and magnetic dipoles moving around a black hole in the selected gravity theory. We take the external magnetic field to be uniform and aligned along the axis of symmetry. Our results reveal that the effect of the SBR gravity parameter is very strong in the close environment of the central black hole while in the farther distances this effects diminishes very quickly. We see that the effect of the external magnetic field on the particle motion is always dominating over the SBR gravity parameter in farther distances. We show that for the motion of charged test particles the magnetic interaction can mimic the spin up to very rapid rotations for prograde motion of particles, while for the motion of magnetic dipoles magnetic interaction can mimic the spin completely for retrograde motion of such particles. We observe that in both scenarios, the SBR gravity parameter behaves as a weak mimicker of the spin of Kerr black hole. We apply the outcomes of our study to the scenario where a neutron star is assumed to behave as a magnetic dipole moving around the supermassive black hole Sgr $$A^\star $$

A
⋆

to investigate how the magnetic field and the SBR gravity coupling parameter $$\beta $$
β
affect the orbits of neutron stars orbiting the supermassive black hole.
Whole Exome Sequencing in Vaccine‐Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT)
Authors: Giusti Betti , Sticchi Elena , Capezzuoli Tommaso , Orsi Rebecca , Squillantini Lapo , Giannini Marco , Suraci Samuele , Rogolino Angela Antonietta , Cesari Francesca , Berteotti Martina , Gori Anna Maria , Lotti Elena , Marcucci Rossella 
Published: July 2024

Background: In February 2021, a few cases of unusual, severe thrombotic events associated with thrombocytopenia reported after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19 (Vaxzevria) or with Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen vaccine raise concern about safety. The vaccine‐induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) has been related to the presence of platelet‐activating antibodies directed against platelet Factor 4.Objectives: We investigated VITT subject genetic background by a high‐throughput whole exome sequencing (WES) approach in order to investigate VITT genetic predisposition.Methods: Six consecutive patients (females of Caucasian origin with a mean age of 64 years) were referred to the Atherothrombotic Diseases Center (Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria Careggi, Florence) with a diagnosis of definite VITT underwent WES analysis. WES analysis was performed on the Illumina NextSeq500 platform.Results:WES analysis revealed a total of 140,563 genetic variants. Due to VITT’s rare occurrence, we focused attention on rare variants. The global analysis of all high‐quality rare variants did not reveal a significant enrichment of mutated genes in biological/functional pathways common to patients analyzed. Afterwards, we focused on rare variants in genes associated with blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, platelet activation and aggregation, integrin‐mediated signaling pathway, and inflammation with particular attention to those involved in vascular damage, as well as autoimmune thrombocytopenia. According to ACMG criteria, 47/194 (24.2%) rare variants were classified as uncertain significance variants (VUS), whereas the remaining were likely benign/benign.Conclusion: WES analysis identifies rare variants possibly favoring the prothrombotic state triggered by the exposure to the vaccine. Functional studies and/or extensions to a larger number of patients might allow a more comprehensive definition of these molecular pathways.