bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel truncation spurs free structure of direct digital synthesizer
Authors: Yang Yuanwang , Cai Jingye , Schutt‐Aine Jose 
Published: March 2013

PurposeSpurious frequencies (spurs) resulting from phase truncation are one of the main signal integrity issues for direct digital synthesizers (DDS). The standard approach in DDS design consists of truncating the phase word output from the phase accumulator, in order to minimize the size of the lookup table. This process generates spurs and degrades the quality of signals at the output of a DDS. In principle, since the bit width of the digital‐to‐analog converter (DAC) is narrower than that of the lookup table, the latter can be compressed without using phase truncation. The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel spur‐free truncation method for compressing the sine lookup table in a DDS structure.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, a novel spur‐free truncation method for compressing the sine lookup table in a DDS structure is proposed. First, the paper discusses the origins of spurs in direct digital synthesizers; next, methods for avoiding large sine lookup tables are analyzed to help generate spur‐free outputs via truncation.FindingsBy introducing a comparator and an adder into the traditional DDS architecture, the sine lookup table can be compressed without significant hardware change in the design. Simulation results using MATLAB and implementation results on FPGA evaluation platform show that the novel structure can eliminate the truncation spurs without increasing the size of the lookup table. Previous works on compression algorithm of lookup table are still available to the novel structure.Originality/valueA novel approach for the reduction in size of digital synthesizer lookup table is proposed in this work. Size reduction is achieved without producing truncation spurs. The method exploits the property that the bit width of a DAC will generally be smaller than the bit width of a phase accumulator. A comparator or an adder are introduced to the traditional structure of a DDS to help achieve the size compression. Simulations in MATLAB verified that the novel structure can eliminate truncation spurs in the output signal without increasing the size of the lookup table.
A simple model for the multiple traveling salesmen problem with single depot and multiple sink
Authors: Liu Daibo , Hou Mengshu , Qu Hong 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine a set of routes for multiple salesmen starting at and turning back to the home depots. The objective of the algorithm is to be efficient and to minimize the total cost of all salesmen.Design/methodology/approachThe new method first generates a SModel, then deletes all redundant edges in the model and reorganizes isolated paths. According to the given statistics, about 16.5 percent of the nodes have a degree greater than 2 in the SModel, which means that there must be redundant edges in the model. The authors refer to those edges connected to nodes with a degree greater than 2 as redundant candidate edges. By deleting redundant edges, the original graph is simplified to a great extent, then related operation is adopted to generate expected result.FindingsA simple model is used to simplify the original graphs by deleting redundant edges. Based on the simplified results, two strategies are proposed to determine primal edges linking with home depot. Simulations are carried out to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough new method can efficiently solve the variance of multiple traveling salesmen problem (MTSP) with multiple salesmen open path, it does not consider the workload balance. To a great extent, the total course time of this variance of MTSP is decided by the last achieved salesman's time cost.Practical implicationsThis method can be used to simulate many everyday applications such as transportation logistics, job planning, vehicle scheduling, and so on. The main applications include print press scheduling, crew scheduling, school bus routing, mission planning, and the design of global navigation satellite surveying system networks. Moreover, it can be used to solve the problem of multiple traveling robots, and can be considered as a relaxation of the vehicle routing problem (VRP) with the capacity restrictions removed.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a new method to solve a heterogeneous MTSP with multiple depots and open paths. A simple model (SModel) is introduced to implement it. The model can transform a complicated graph into a simplified one. Based on the model, the subsequent workings of the new method involve merely linking paths together. Based on SModel, the greatest advantage of the new method is that it can find a global solution efficiently.
A web service matching algorithm based on semantic similarity
Authors: Chen Wenyu , Zhang Zhongquan , Xiang Tao , Zeng Ru 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to obtain more accurate matching between the request and the release of web service.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts Levenshtein distance algorithm to calculate the name similarity between publishing service and request service, employs cosine theorem to compute the text similarity, and uses semantic distance to count the input‐output similarity, then filters out the low similarity and bad reputation services to structure the candidate service set.FindingsThe qualitative and quantitative analysis of the scheme is given in this paper. The experimental results show that the multi‐level matching filtering algorithm can obviously improve the recall ratio and precision ratio of web service discovery.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a similarity‐based filtering algorithm for multi‐level matching.
The numerical simulation of improving parameter estimation by instrumental variable method
Authors: Wang Yinao , Ruan Aiqing , Zhan Zhihui 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThis paper aims to study the improved effect of the instrumental variable method to estimate parameters of linear regression model with the stochastic explanatory variables problem.Design/methodology/approachBy Monte‐Carlo method, taking a linear regression model with intercept of 3, slope of 4 as an example, whose random error in standard normal distribution, to test whether parameter estimators are biased and how about the average relative error of estimator of slope when random explanatory variables are in different contemporaneously correlated with random error item. By the instrumental variables which are independent with random error item and in varying degrees related to random explanatory variable, the study tests the estimation accuracy of the slope using the instrumental variable method.FindingsThis paper tests that the ordinary least square parameter estimators are biased, and especially that the average relative error of estimator of slope is significantly large, more than 10 percent, when random explanatory variables are different and contemporaneously correlated with the random error item. For the instrumental variables that are independent from random error item and in varying degrees related to the random explanatory variable, the estimation accuracy of the slope is significantly improved and the relative error dropped to less than 4 percent, but the estimation accuracy of the intercept term showed no significant improvement by the instrumental variable method.Practical implicationsThe method exposed in the paper shows how to improve estimation by an instrumental variable method.Originality/valueThe paper succeeds in showing how to improve estimation by the instrumental variable method of numerical simulation.
Occupying financial hubs
Authors: Andrew Alex M. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to review developments on the internet, especially those of general cybernetic interest.Design/methodology/approachA review is made of sources of comment on recent protest activities, most notably in New York and London, the protests aimed at financial institutions and the gross inequalities resulting from their activities. The comments include concrete suggestions for improvements.FindingsThe paper finds that the activists include thoughtful and articulate members whose views deserve careful attention. An indicator of the strength of their case is a review in the New York Times of the “panic” reactions of moneyed interests.Practical implicationsSuggestions for improvements are made in the material reviewed. Some of them depend on worldwide imposition of regulations, with no faction “breaking ranks”. The issues are deeply felt and protest will continue, with worldwide impact.Originality/valueIt is hoped this is a valuable periodic review.
Research on information sharing values of supply chain management
Authors: Tibin Liu , Yingjin Lu , Yong Zhang , Xianglan Jiang 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study information which plays a role in creating supply chain enterprise value, and establishes a model of supply chain information in value‐increment.Design/methodology/approachThis paper regards the supply chain as a process of input and output. Based on the production function of Cobb‐Douglas, it researches deeply on the value‐increment mechanism of supply chain information transmission and interaction.FindingsThe final output of supply chains decides on the input of node enterprises value action.Research limitations/implicationsThere is no availability of data to prove the application of the model.Practical implicationsInformation is an important means of value by node enterprises of supply chains, and is also a key to improving the core competitive ability of enterprises in the supply chain.Originality/valueThe paper provides quantitative models and methods for dynamic impact analysis of supply chain information flow. The paper clarifies the mechanism of achieving the overall objective of supply chains and suggests that supply chain managers should emphasize and use information sharing and supply coordination mechanisms to improve supply chain performance.
Modeling and simulation of laser tracking systems
Authors: Wanli Liu , Xinghua Qu , Jianfei Ouyang 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to properly calibrate the laser tracking system (LTS) prior to using it for metrology and improving the measuring accuracy of LTS.Design/methodology/approachA kinematics model that describes not only the motion but also geometric variations of LTS is developed. Effects of tracking mirror mechanism dimension errors on measured coordinates and target reflector alignment errors on sensor reading are investigated.FindingsThrough error analysis of the proposed model, it is claimed that gimbals axis misalignments and tracking mirror center offset are the key contributors to measure errors of LTS. Intensive simulation studies are conducted to check the validity of the theoretical results and various practical issues are also explored in the simulations. The simulation results demonstrate that under realistic conditions the 10‐parameter model is the minimal and complete model.Research limitations/implicationsThis model, together with its error model which is also presented in this paper, can be used for design, calibration, and control of LTS.Originality/valueThis paper develops a kinematics model that describes not only the motion but also geometric variations of LTS, and demonstrates that gimbals axis misalignments and tracking mirror center offset is the key contributor to measuring errors of LTS.
A mathematic model for analyzing the influence of different trade modes to the electricity market
Authors: Tan Zhongfu , Wang Chengwen , Chen Guangjuan , Su Jing , Li Li 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the influence of different trade modes on the electricity market.Design/methodology/approachA linear model between power units' output and their bidding prices is presented and optimal models to minimize the purchase power cost of power grid companies are presented, applying static games and dynamic games, respectively. Then the relation between power generation amount and units' bidding price is settled by using difference methods. In addition, optimization models are established to optimize profits of units at discriminatory bidding or uniform marginal price applying static game and dynamic game. Finally, the economic benefits and fair competition are compared and analyzed.FindingsIf impartiality is emphasized, the detailed history bidding information should not be opened. Also, it is fairer but difficult to control units' speculative behavior at uniform marginal price.Research limitations/implicationsA supposition has been made that all participants are rational.Practical implicationsThe paper presents useful advice for improving the trade mode of the electricity market.Originality/valuePower units' bidding models and strategies are presented at discriminatory bidding price or at uniform marginal price applying non‐cooperation static game and dynamic game, respectively.
An efficient algorithm for mining condensed sequential pattern bases
Authors: Wang Tao 
Published: March 2013

PurposeMining sequential patterns in large databases has become an important data mining task with broad applications, such as business analysis, web mining, security, and bio‐sequences analysis. The purpose of this paper is to propose the notion of condensed frequent sequential pattern base (SP base) with guaranteed maximal error bound.Design/methodology/approachA subset of frequent sequential patterns is computed, and then used to approximate the supports of arbitrary frequent sequential patterns with guaranteed maximal error bound, because in many applications it is sufficient to generate only frequent sequential patterns with support frequency in close‐enough approximation instead of in full precision.FindingsThe concept of condensed frequent SP base is introduced, and an efficient algorithm for mining condensed SP bases is developed.Research limitations/implicationsA condensed frequent SP base can significantly reduce the set of sequential patterns that need to be mined, stored, and analyzed, while providing guaranteed error bound for frequencies of sequential patterns not in the base.Practical implicationsA much smaller base of patterns can help users to comprehend the mining results. Computing a much smaller pattern base also leads to better efficiency.Originality/valueThe paper shows that by adopting a novel pruning technology, the algorithm out‐performs the previous work by one order of magnitude.
How to determine the performance of a system
Authors: Han‐jiang Zhang , Duan‐hong Luo 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe how the performance of a system is determined.Design/methodology/approachSystems with the same structure or function often have different performances. What makes the difference? Within a system, the various actors make their decisions by their own and their actions depend on the mechanism of the system. The actors' strategy selection under different mechanisms and the mechanism design are precisely in the range of Game Theory. This paper compares two different pricing mechanisms, the Stackelberg Game and Cournot Game, in a linear supply chain. And the obtained result of the different behavior (Pm*, Pr*) and different performance (Um*, Ur*) of the supply chain obviously approves our proposition that the operational mechanism is of great importance to the performance of the system, the same as structure.FindingsIt is the structure of the system and operational mechanism which determines the performance of the system.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper's limitations lie in the fact that it is not yet based on experimental evidence from real‐world systems.Practical implicationsGame Theory is one of the most effective methods to study the systematic mechanism, especially the mechanism designs, because it reveals the inherent nature of the systematic mechanism.Originality/valueThis paper points out that the mechanism which restricts each behavioral subject determines the performance of these systems. It puts forward a new region for the research of general system theory.
Research on dynamic pricing of supply chain products based on channel advantages
Authors: Yong Zhang , Yingjin Lu , Xianglan Jiang 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the pricing problem of product transfer price under the channel advantages; determine the structure models of optimal transfer price expectation; and compare the differences in pricing of different pricing dominant parties.Design/methodology/approachUncertain factors are introduced into dynamic pricing mathematics models; production and storage models are combined; the method of functional analysis is used to solve transfer pricing question under different advantage conditions; and price matching models in supply chain integration are put forth.FindingsThere is a proportional relationship between the optimal transfer price expectation and price fluctuation. The party which has channel advantages will gain relatively more profit, but the maximum revenue can be obtained only in the supply chain integration.Research limitations/implicationsThere is no appropriate empirical data to verify the models.Practical implicationsThe paper provides pricing reference method to monopoly competitive enterprises on different stages. The matching pricing models based on E‐commerce can deal with the price deviation caused by goal difference and random factors automatically.Originality/valueThe paper considers production and inventory pricing, reflects the influence of the whole pricing factors under different channel advantages, and puts forth dynamic matching pricing models and algorithm under the E‐commerce circumstances.
Cloud computing: views on Cybersyn
Authors: Andrew Alex M. 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review sources of information on cloud computing. They include reference to an unexpected application to social care and to work that demonstrates vulnerability of cloud systems to cyber‐attack. Online discussion of Stafford Beer's Cybersyn project in Chile is also reviewed, the discussion initiated by the appearance of a new book (Medina, 2011). A note is added about developments in Colombia.Design/methodology/approachThe aim is to review developments on the internet, especially those of general cybernetic interest.FindingsCloud computing is undoubtedly valuable, though the susceptibility to cyber‐attack is a serious drawback. The discussion of Cybersyn focuses mainly on the overall interplay of political and scientific considerations rather than on the potential practical value of the project, though naturally that is also a significant aspect.Practical implicationsCloud computing is a valuable tool, especially where services are subject to uneven loading. Vulnerability to cyber‐attack is a serious problem that needs attention. The recently‐published book has aroused fresh interest in the Cybersyn project and the associated Viable System Model, even if their evaluation was a side issue.Originality/valueIt is hoped this is a valuable periodic review.
Risk of inefficiency on the Chinese index futures market
Authors: Ma Chaoqun , Liu Lan , Wang Junbo , Chen Jing 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the risk of inefficiency of China's stock index futures market by investigating the opportunity and profitability of exchange‐traded fund (ETF) arbitrage. The explanation of behavioral risk to market efficiency is examined.Design/methodology/approachBased on cost‐of‐carry model, some assumptions about market efficiency were examined, and statistical tests were implemented to support the findings.FindingsIn China, borrowing and lending interest rates are quite different; dividends are small and paid in an irregular manner; and short sale cannot be used in arbitrage by all investors. It is found that the Chinese index futures market is far from efficient.Originality/valueWith reference to the empirical study, this is believed to be the first application of behavioral study to the study of market efficiency. The analysis of the statistics about Chinese index futures market and the algorithm parameters are very valuable for in‐depth understanding of the emerging markets.
Business ethics from Aristotle, Kant and Mill's perspective
Authors: Belak Jernej , Pevec Rozman Mateja 
Published: March 2013

PurposeThe presence and use of the informal and formal measures of business ethics implementation may be crucial and should therefore be known to managers/owners. Based on the case study research, this paper aims to suggest that enterprise awareness of importance of business ethics implementation can be of essential meaning for its long‐term existence, success, growth, and development. The purpose of this paper is to discover the presence and use of the informal and formal measures of business ethics implementation and to identify their importance for active measure care by the enterprises.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, qualitative research is applied. The research cognitions on informal and formal measures of business ethics implementation are discussed in application of the dialectical systems theory.FindingsThe paper finds that on one side the enterprises' key stakeholders (owners and managers) are aware of the importance of their ethical behaviour as well as of impact of their ethical behaviour to the enterprises' behaviour. The research results also show that enterprises' key stake holders are conscious of the impact of enterprises' ethical behaviour to the enterprises' long term existence, growth, and development. On the other hand, the research findings show that such informal awareness is usually not formalized, which can be argued as a reason for enterprises' unethical behaviour.Practical implicationsThis paper gives us some insights as to the state of informal and formal measures of business ethics implementation in Slovenian enterprises. In a frame of practical implications, a further research should be done to show which formal measures of such ethics implementation should be used to stimulate the enterprises' innovative behaviour in assurance of enterprise effectiveness, efficiency, and social responsibility in order to achieve and maintain enterprise's long term existence, growth, and development.Originality/valueThe available literature does not provide for a similar research of linkage between the formal and informal measures of business ethics implementation.