bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light Curve Solutions of Ten Eccentric Kepler Binaries, Three of them with Tidally Induced Humps
Authors: Kjurkchieva D. , Vasileva D. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe carried out light curve solutions of ten detached eclipsing eccentric binaries observed by Kepler. The formal errors of the derived parameters from the light curve solutions are below 1%. Our results give indications that the components of the eccentric binaries (especially those with mass ratios below 0.5) do not follow precisely the empirical relations between the stellar parameters derived from the study of circular-orbit binaries. We found the following peculiarities of the targets: (a) the components of KIC 9474969 have almost the same temperatures while their radii and masses differ by a factor around 2.5; (b) KIC 6949550 reveals semi-regular light variations with an amplitude of 0.004 and a period around 7 d which are modulated by long-term variations; (c) KIC 6220470, KIC 11071207, and KIC 9474969 exhibit tidally induced ‘hump’ around the periastron. These are the targets with the biggest relative radii of our sample. We derived the dependence of the hump amplitude on the relative stellar radii, eccentricity, and mass ratio of eccentric binary consisting of MS stars.
Evidenced-based management of haemoptysis by otolaryngologists
Authors: Bannister M , Ah-See K W 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackground:Haemoptysis is an uncommon presenting symptom to the ENT clinic and ward, but has potentially sinister aetiology. This article aims to provide a systematic and evidence-based method of managing patients with haemoptysis.Methods:The data in this article are based on a literature search performed using PubMed in August 2013. The keywords used included ‘haemoptysis’ in combination with ‘otolaryngology’, ‘ENT’, ‘head & neck', ‘diagnosis’, ‘management’, ‘investigations’ and ‘treatment’.Results:The majority of published literature on the subject is level IV evidence. However, this can guide ENT specialists in assessing, investigating and managing presentations of haemoptysis.Conclusion:Understanding the different causes of haemoptysis is important for the otolaryngologist. The main concern is the detection of a malignant lesion in the upper aerodigestive tract or tracheobronchial tree. A thorough history and systematic examination can aid diagnosis.
Dexmedetomidine improves the quality of the operative field for functional endoscopic sinus surgery: systematic review
Authors: Snidvongs K , Tingthanathikul W , Aeumjaturapat S , Chusakul S 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackground:Intra-operative bleeding diminishes visualisation during functional endoscopic sinus surgery and can cause unfavourable outcomes. Dexmedetomidine is a potent alpha-2 agonist, with sympatholytic effects. This systematic review aimed to assess whether dexmedetomidine decreases intra-operative bleeding and improves operative field quality.Methods:All randomised, controlled trials that assessed the ability of dexmedetomidine to provide good operative fields for functional endoscopic sinus surgery were identified from Medline and Embase. The outcomes of interest were: operative field quality, intra-operative bleeding, operative time and adverse events.Results:Five studies (254 patients) met the inclusion criteria. When compared to saline, dexmedetomidine improved the quality of the operative field. The operative time was similar between groups. When compared to other drugs, dexmedetomidine was as effective as esmolol and remifentanil. There were no adverse incidents.Conclusion:Dexmedetomidine is beneficial in providing good visibility during functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Controlled hypotensive anaesthesia with this medicine decreases intra-operative bleeding and enhances surgical field quality.
Vocabulary size, translation equivalents, and efficiency in word recognition in very young bilinguals
Authors: LEGACY JACQUELINE , ZESIGER PASCAL , FRIEND MARGARET , POULIN-DUBOIS DIANE 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThe present study examined early vocabulary development in fifty-nine French monolingual and fifty French–English bilingual infants (1;4–1;6). Vocabulary comprehension was assessed using both parental report (MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory; CDI) and the Computerized Comprehension Task (CCT). When assessing receptive vocabulary development using parental report, the bilinguals knew more words in their L1 versus their L2. However, young bilinguals were as accurate in L1 as they were in L2 on the CCT, and exhibited no difference in speed of word comprehension across languages. The proportion of translation equivalents in comprehension varied widely within this sample of young bilinguals and was linked to both measures of vocabulary size but not to speed of word retrieval or exposure to L2. Interestingly, the monolinguals outperformed the bilinguals with respect to accuracy but not reaction time in their L1 and L2. These results highlight the importance of using multiple measures to assess early vocabulary development.
Climate change and the Ethiopian economy: a CGE analysis
Authors: Gebreegziabher Zenebe , Stage Jesper , Mekonnen Alemu , Alemu Atlaw 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe paper analyzes the economic impacts of climate change-induced fluctuations on the performance of Ethiopia's agriculture, using a countrywide computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. We model the impacts on agriculture using a Ricardian model, where current agricultural production is modelled as a function of temperature and precipitation, among other things, and where future agriculture is assumed to follow the same climate function. The effect of overall climate change is projected to be relatively benign until approximately 2030, but will become considerably worse thereafter. Our simulation results indicate that, over a 50-year period, the projected reduction in agricultural productivity may lead to reductions in average income of some 20 per cent compared with the outcome that would have prevailed in the absence of climate change. This indicates that adaptation policies – both government planned and those that ease autonomous adaptation by farmers – will be crucial for Ethiopia's future development.
Metagenomic resolution of microbial functions in deep-sea hydrothermal plumes across the Eastern Lau Spreading Center
Authors: Anantharaman Karthik , Breier John A , Dick Gregory J 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Microbial processes within deep-sea hydrothermal plumes affect ocean biogeochemistry on global scales. In rising hydrothermal plumes, a combination of microbial metabolism and particle formation processes initiate the transformation of reduced chemicals like hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen, methane, iron, manganese and ammonia that are abundant in hydrothermal vent fluids. Despite the biogeochemical importance of this rising portion of plumes, it is understudied in comparison to neutrally buoyant plumes. Here we use metagenomics and bioenergetic modeling to describe the abundance and genetic potential of microorganisms in relation to available electron donors in five different hydrothermal plumes and three associated background deep-sea waters from the Eastern Lau Spreading Center located in the Western Pacific Ocean. Three hundred and thirty one distinct genomic ‘bins’ were identified, comprising an estimated 951 genomes of archaea, bacteria, eukarya and viruses. A significant proportion of these genomes is from novel microorganisms and thus reveals insights into the energy metabolism of heretofore unknown microbial groups. Community-wide analyses of genes encoding enzymes that oxidize inorganic energy sources showed that sulfur oxidation was the most abundant and diverse chemolithotrophic microbial metabolism in the community. Genes for sulfur oxidation were commonly present in genomic bins that also contained genes for oxidation of hydrogen and methane, suggesting metabolic versatility in these microbial groups. The relative diversity and abundance of genes encoding hydrogen oxidation was moderate, whereas that of genes for methane and ammonia oxidation was low in comparison to sulfur oxidation. Bioenergetic-thermodynamic modeling supports the metagenomic analyses, showing that oxidation of elemental sulfur with oxygen is the most dominant catabolic reaction in the hydrothermal plumes. We conclude that the energy metabolism of microbial communities inhabiting rising hydrothermal plumes is dictated by the underlying plume chemistry, with a dominant role for sulfur-based chemolithoautotrophy.
Directed assembly of a bacterial quorum
Authors: Servinsky Matthew D , Terrell Jessica L , Tsao Chen-Yu , Wu Hsuan-Chen , Quan David N , Zargar Amin , Allen Patrick C , Byrd Christopher M , Sund Christian J , Bentley William E 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Many reports have elucidated the mechanisms and consequences of bacterial quorum sensing (QS), a molecular communication system by which bacterial cells enumerate their cell density and organize collective behavior. In few cases, however, the numbers of bacteria exhibiting this collective behavior have been reported, either as a number concentration or a fraction of the whole. Not all cells in the population, for example, take on the collective phenotype. Thus, the specific attribution of the postulated benefit can remain obscure. This is partly due to our inability to independently assemble a defined quorum, for natural and most artificial systems the quorum itself is a consequence of the biological context (niche and signaling mechanisms). Here, we describe the intentional assembly of quantized quorums. These are made possible by independently engineering the autoinducer signal transduction cascade of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and the sensitivity of detector cells so that upon encountering a particular autoinducer level, a discretized sub-population of cells emerges with the desired phenotype. In our case, the emergent cells all express an equivalent amount of marker protein, DsRed, as an indicator of a specific QS-mediated activity. The process is robust, as detector cells are engineered to target both large and small quorums. The process takes about 6 h, irrespective of quorum level. We demonstrate sensitive detection of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) as an application stemming from quantized quorums. We then demonstrate sub-population partitioning in that AI-2-secreting cells can ‘call’ groups neighboring cells that ‘travel’ and establish a QS-mediated phenotype upon reaching the new locale.
Fano resonance boosted cascaded optical field enhancement in a plasmonic nanoparticle-in-cavity nanoantenna array and its SERS application
Authors: Zhu Zhendong , Bai Benfeng , You Oubo , Li Qunqing , Fan Shoushan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCascaded optical field enhancement (CFE) can be realized in some specially designed multiscale plasmonic nanostructures, in which the generation of extremely strong fields at nanoscale volume is crucial for many applications, for example, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). In this paper, we propose a strategy for realizing a high-quality plasmonic nanoparticle-in-cavity (PIC) nanoantenna array, in which strong coupling between a nanoparticle (NP) dark mode with a high-order nanocavity bright mode can produce strong Fano resonance at the target wavelength. The Fano resonance can effectively boost the CFE in a PIC. A cost-effective and reliable nanofabrication method is developed using room temperature nanoimprinting lithography to manufacture high-quality PIC arrays. This technique guarantees the generation of only one gold NP at the bottom of each nanocavity, which is crucial for the generation of the expected CFE. To demonstrate the performance and application of the PIC array, the PIC array is employed as an active SERS substrate for detecting 4-aminothiophenol molecules. An experimental SERS enhancement factor of 2 × 107 is obtained, which verifies the field enhancement and the potential of this device.
Phase stability and dynamics of entangled polymer–nanoparticle composites
Authors: Mangal Rahul , Srivastava Samanvaya , Archer Lynden A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractNanoparticle–polymer composites, or polymer–nanoparticle composites (PNCs), exhibit unusual mechanical and dynamical features when the particle size approaches the random coil dimensions of the host polymer. Here, we harness favourable enthalpic interactions between particle-tethered and free, host polymer chains to create model PNCs, in which spherical nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in high molecular weight entangled polymers. Investigation of the mechanical properties of these model PNCs reveals that the nanoparticles have profound effects on the host polymer motions on all timescales. On short timescales, nanoparticles slow-down local dynamics of the host polymer segments and lower the glass transition temperature. On intermediate timescales, where polymer chain motion is typically constrained by entanglements with surrounding molecules, nanoparticles provide additional constraints, which lead to an early onset of entangled polymer dynamics. Finally, on long timescales, nanoparticles produce an apparent speeding up of relaxation of their polymer host.
Plasmon coupling in vertical split-ring resonator metamolecules
Authors: Wu Pin Chieh , Hsu Wei-Lun , Chen Wei Ting , Huang Yao-Wei , Liao Chun Yen , Liu Ai Qun , Zheludev Nikolay I. , Sun Greg , Tsai Din Ping 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe past decade has seen a number of interesting designs proposed and implemented togenerate artificial magnetism at optical frequencies using plasmonic metamaterials,but owing to the planar configurations of typically fabricated metamolecules thatmake up the metamaterials, the magnetic response is mainly driven by the electricfield of the incident electromagnetic wave. We recently fabricated verticalsplit-ring resonators (VSRRs) which behave as magnetic metamolecules sensitive toboth incident electric and magnetic fields with stronger induced magnetic dipolemoment upon excitation in comparison to planar SRRs. The fabrication techniqueenabled us to study the plasmon coupling between VSRRs that stand up side by sidewhere the coupling strength can be precisely controlled by varying the gap inbetween. The resulting wide tuning range of these resonance modes offers thepossibility of developing frequency selective functional devices such as sensors andfilters based on plasmon coupling with high sensitivity.
Enhanced renoprotective effect of HIF-1α modified human adipose-derived stem cells on cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in vivo
Authors: Wang Wei-Wei , Li Ze-Zheng , Wang Wei , Jiang Yan , Cheng Jin , Lu Shi , Zhang Jin-Yuan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractCurrent therapeutic options for acute kidney injury (AKI) are limited to the use of supportive measures and dialysis. A recent approach that has sparked great interest and gained enormous popularity is the implantation of stem cells to repair acutely damaged kidney organ. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is effective in protecting the kidney from ischemia and nephrotoxicity. In this study, we investigated whether HIF-1α-modified adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) had an enhanced protective effect on cisplatin-induced kidney injury in vivo. Cisplatin-induced AKI was established in nude mice. Our study demonstrated that HIF-1α-modified ASCs obviously promoted the recovery of renal function, ameliorated the extent of histologic injury and reduced renal apoptosis and inflammation, but HIF-1α-modified ASCs homed to kidney tissues at very low levels after transplantation. In addition, we also found that HIF-1α-modified ASCs significantly increased HO-1 expression in cisplatin-induced AKI in vivo. Thus, our study indicated HIF-1α-modified ASCs implantation could provide advanced benefits in the protection again AKI, which will contribute to developing a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AKI.
The HAB1 PP2C is inhibited by ABA-dependent PYL10 interaction
Authors: Li Juan , Shi Chaowei , Sun Demeng , He Yao , Lai Chaohua , Lv Pei , Xiong Ying , Zhang Longhua , Wu Fangming , Tian Changlin 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPYL10 is a monomeric abscisic acid (ABA) receptor that inhibits protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) activity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Previous studies reported that the PP2C phosphatase inhibition by PYL10 was ABA-independent. Here, systematic PYL10 biochemical studies demonstrated that PYL10 activity was ABA-dependent and the previously reported studies was interfered by the presence of BSA in the commercial kit. To investigate dynamic mechanism of how ABA binding to PYL10 induces PP2C phosphatase inhibiting activity, solution NMR relaxation analysis of apo-PYL10 and PYL10/ABA were conducted following backbone resonance assignments. Reduced spectrum density mapping of the backbone relaxation data revealed that PYL10 was more flexible in ABA bound form than apo-PYL10, indicating an increased conformational entropy upon ligand binding. Moreover, to illustrate conformation exchanges of PYL10 upon ABA binding, NMR line shape analysis was performed with increasing concentrations of ABA and the results indicated that PYL10 backbone conformational changes occur at different time scales.
The pericyte as a cellular regulator of penile erection and a novel therapeutic target for erectile dysfunction
Authors: Yin Guo Nan , Das Nando Dulal , Choi Min Ji , Song Kang-Moon , Kwon Mi-Hye , Ock Jiyeon , Limanjaya Anita , Ghatak Kalyan , Kim Woo Jean , Hyun Jae Seog , Koh Gou Young , Ryu Ji-Kan , Suh Jun-Kyu 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPericytes are known to play critical roles in vascular development and homeostasis. However, the distribution of cavernous pericytes and their roles in penile erection is unclear. Herein we report that the pericytes are abundantly distributed in microvessels of the subtunical area and dorsal nerve bundle of mice, followed by dorsal vein and cavernous sinusoids. We further confirmed the presence of pericytes in human corpus cavernosum tissue and successfully isolated pericytes from mouse penis. Cavernous pericyte contents from diabetic mice and tube formation of cultured pericytes in high glucose condition were greatly reduced compared with those in normal conditions. Suppression of pericyte function with anti-PDGFR-β blocking antibody deteriorated erectile function and tube formation in vivo and in vitro diabetic condition. In contrast, enhanced pericyte function with HGF protein restored cavernous pericyte content in diabetic mice and significantly decreased cavernous permeability in diabetic mice and in pericytes-endothelial cell co-culture system, which induced significant recovery of erectile function. Overall, these findings showed the presence and distribution of pericytes in the penis of normal or pathologic condition and documented their role in the regulation of cavernous permeability and penile erection, which ultimately explore novel therapeutics of erectile dysfunction targeting pericyte function.
Role of NLRP3 Inflammasomes for Rhabdomyolysis-induced Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Komada Takanori , Usui Fumitake , Kawashima Akira , Kimura Hiroaki , Karasawa Tadayoshi , Inoue Yoshiyuki , Kobayashi Motoi , Mizushina Yoshiko , Kasahara Tadashi , Taniguchi Shun’ichiro , Muto Shigeaki , Nagata Daisuke , Takahashi Masafumi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractRhabdomyolysis is one of the main causes of community-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI). Although inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI (RIAKI), little is known about the mechanism that triggers inflammation during RIAKI. Recent evidence has indicated that sterile inflammation triggered by tissue injury can be mediated through multiprotein complexes called the inflammasomes. Therefore, we investigated the role of NLRP3 inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of RIAKI using a glycerol-induced murine rhabdomyolysis model. Inflammasome-related molecules were upregulated in the kidney of RIAKI. Renal tubular injury and dysfunction preceded leukocyte infiltration into the kidney during the early phase of RIAKI and they were markedly attenuated in mice deficient in NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β compared with those in wild-type mice. No difference in leukocyte infiltration was observed between wild-type and NLRP3-deficient mice. Furthermore, NLRP3 deficiency strikingly suppressed the expression of renal injury markers and inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis of renal tubular cells. These results demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasomes contribute to inflammation, apoptosis and tissue injury during the early phase of RIAKI and provide new insights into the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of RIAKI.
An effective plasma membrane proteomics approach for small tissue samples
Authors: Smolders Katrien , Lombaert Nathalie , Valkenborg Dirk , Baggerman Geert , Arckens Lutgarde 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAdvancing the quest for new drug targets demands the development of innovative plasma membrane proteome research strategies applicable to small, functionally defined tissue samples. Biotinylation of acute tissue slices and streptavidin pull-down followed by shotgun proteomics allowed the selective extraction and identification of >1,600 proteins of which >60% are associated with the plasma membrane, including (G-protein coupled) receptors, ion channels and transporters and this from mm3-scale tissue.
All-optical coherent population trapping with defect spin ensembles in silicon carbide
Authors: Zwier Olger V. , O’Shea Danny , Onur Alexander R. , van der Wal Caspar H. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDivacancy defects in silicon carbide have long-lived electronic spin states and sharp optical transitions. Because of the various polytypes of SiC, hundreds of unique divacancies exist, many with spin properties comparable to the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. If ensembles of such spins can be all-optically manipulated, they make compelling candidate systems for quantum-enhanced memory, communication and sensing applications. We report here direct all-optical addressing of basal plane-oriented divacancy spins in 4H-SiC. By means of magneto-spectroscopy, we fully identify the spin triplet structure of both the ground and the excited state and use this for tuning of transition dipole moments between particular spin levels. We also identify a role for relaxation via intersystem crossing. Building on these results, we demonstrate coherent population trapping -a key effect for quantum state transfer between spins and photons- for divacancy sub-ensembles along particular crystal axes. These results, combined with the flexibility of SiC polytypes and device processing, put SiC at the forefront of quantum information science in the solid state.