bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of cerebral blood flow in Parkinson's disease with dementia versus subcortical ischemic vascular dementia using single photon emission computed tomography
Authors: Kim Tae‐Won , Chung Yong‐An , Song In‐Uk , Lee Kwang‐Soo 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTSince both Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) and subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVaD) are subcortical dementia syndromes and have similar patterns of cognitive dysfunction, it is difficult to accurately differentiate between these in their early phases using neuropsychological tests. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the cerebral perfusion pattern of patients with SIVaD and PDD at the earliest stages using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). We, consecutively, recruited 24 patients with mild PDD, 28 patients with mild probable AD, and 33 age‐matched healthy subjects. All subjects underwent Tc‐99m HMPAO perfusion SPECT and general neuropsychological tests. Brain SPECT images were analyzed using the statistical parametric mapping program. There was more significant hypoperfusion in the right cuneus, fusiform gyrus and lingual gyrus in the occipital lobe, right middle temporal gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, and right cerebellar tonsil in PDD compared with the SIVaD group. Conversely, significant hypoperfusion was observed in the bilateral brain stem, limbic system and posterior cingulate gyrus in SIVaD compared with the PDD group. This study suggests that parieto‐occipital hypoperfusion in PDD and hypoperfusion of the brain stem and limbic system in SIVaD are likely useful to differentiate between mild PDD and SIVaD.
Efficacy of an NMDA receptor antagonist for Parkinson's disease dementia: A brain perfusion SPECT study
Authors: Song In‐Uk , Chung Sung‐Woo , Chung Yong‐An 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTMemantine's efficacy has been demonstrated in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. However, memantine therapy is not typically used in treating Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), although the deviating glutamatergic pattern evidenced in neuropathological findings suggests that N‐methyl D‐aspartate receptor antagonists in patients with Lewy‐body disorder may be effective. Therefore, we conducted this longitudinal study to confirm the efficacy of memantine for PDD by analyzing comparative changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and neuropsychological tests before and after memantine administration in PDD. A total of 18 patients with PDD were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent technetium‐99m hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime single photon emission computed tomography and completed neuropsychological tests before and 12 months after memantine administration. This study showed that there was no significant difference in cognitive functioning before and after memantine administration. No significant difference in rCBF was observed in any regions at baseline compared to 12 months after memantine administration. Our results suggest that memantine delays the speed of deterioration in cognitive functioning and behavioral symptoms in PDD because we found no significant changes in rCBF and cognition after memantine treatment.
Assessment of Water Salinity Effect on Physical Clogging of Synthetic Drainage Envelopes by Permeability Tests
Authors: Hassanoghli A. , Pedram S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn this study, a gradient ratio test which is one of the methods used in the laboratory to evaluate the clogging potential of soil‐synthetic envelope systems was applied. For this purpose, two physical models of permeameters (designed by ASTM D‐5101) were used to carry out a series of permeability tests by applying water with different salinities and five different PLMs (pre‐wrapped loose material). To simulate real conditions, soil and water were collected from the Khorramshahr drainage project area located in Khuzestan province (south of Iran) which has been significantly encountering the common trouble of water and soil salinity. Therefore, saline drainage water (EC =22.2 dS m−1, SAR =26.27 (meq l−1)0.5) in comparison with low salinity water (EC =0.78 dS m−1, SAR =1.23 (meq l−1)0.5)) were considered in this research. Permeability tests were carried out at five different hydraulic gradients (1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10) according to the standard method. Variations of system permeability and gradient ratios were investigated statistically as factorial experiments in the form of a randomized complete design. Based on the permeability test results, hydraulic conductivity and gradient ratio of all PLMs were susceptible to the salinity of the water utilized in permeability tests. Based on the results of all gradient ratios, the probability of clogging by applying saline water was higher. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Magnesium coated phosphate glass fibers for unidirectional reinforcement of polycaprolactone composites
Authors: Liu Xiaoling , Grant David M. , Palmer Graham , Parsons Andrew J. , Rudd Chris D. , Ahmed Ifty 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBioresorbable composites have shown much potential for bone repair applications, as they have the ability to degrade completely over time and their degradation and mechanical properties can be tailored to suit the end application. In this study, phosphate glass fiber (from the system 45% P2O516% CaO24% MgO11% Na2O4% Fe2O3 (given in mol%)) were used to reinforce polycaprolactone (PCL) with approximately 20% fiber volume fraction. The glass fiber surfaces were coated with magnesium (Mg) through magnetron sputtering to improve the fiber–matrix interfacial properties. The Mg coating provided a rough fiber surface (roughness (Ra) of about 44nm). Both noncoated and Mg‐coated fiber‐reinforced composites were assessed. The water uptake and mass loss properties for the composites were assessed in phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) at 37°C for up to 28 days, and ion release profiles were also investigated in both water and PBS media. Inhibition of media influx was observed for the Mg‐coated composites. The composite mechanical properties were characterized on the basis of both tensile and flexural tests and their retention in PBS media at 37°C was also investigated. A higher retention of the mechanical properties was observed for the Mg‐coated composites over the 28 days degradation period. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1424–1432, 2015.
Role of Decorin in Multiple Myeloma (MM) Bone Marrow Microenvironment
Authors: Nemani Neeharika , Santo Loredana , Eda Homare , Cirstea Diana , Mishima Yuko , Patel Chirayu , O'Donnell Elizabeth , Yee Andrew , Raje Noopur 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACT

Decorin is a small, leucine-rich proteoglycan found in the extracellular matrix of various connective tissues with potential effective tumor suppressive properties. Recent data suggest low levels of decorin in multiple myeloma (MM) patients compared to healthy volunteers, as well as in patients with osteolytic bone lesions compared to non-osteolytic lesions. In the present report, we investigated the role of decorin in the MM microenvironment or niche. Our data suggests that decorin is produced by osteoblasts (OBs) but not by MM cells. Furthermore, MM cells decrease OB-induced decorin secretion and this effect is mediated by CCL3. Importantly, neutralizing CCL3 from MM cells restores decorin levels in OBs as does proteasome inhibitors such as carfilzomib. These findings indicate that decorin may indirectly act as an antagonist to MM cell survival and that the interplay between MM and decorin may be an important target to explore in manipulating the tumor niche to inhibit tumorigenesis. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
A Cationic Poly(2‐oxazoline) with High In Vitro Transfection Efficiency Identified by a Library Approach
Authors: Rinkenauer Alexandra C. , Tauhardt Lutz , Wendler Felix , Kempe Kristian , Gottschaldt Michael , Traeger Anja , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTo date, cationic polymers with high transfection efficiencies (TE) often have a high cytotoxicity. By screening an 18‐membered library of cationic 2‐oxazoline‐based polymers, a polymer with similar TE as linear poly(ethylene imine) but no detectable cytotoxicity at the investigated concentrations could be identified. The influence of the polymer side chain hydrophobicity and the type and content of amino groups on the pDNA condensation, the TE, the cytotoxicity, the cellular membrane interaction as well as the size, charge, and stability of the polyplexes was studied. Primary amines and an amine content of at least 40% were required for an efficient TE. While polymers with short side chains were non‐toxic up to an amine content of 40%, long hydrophobic side chains induced a high cytotoxicity.
Dynamic Response of Anchored Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐methacrylic acid‐co‐benzophenone methacrylate) Terpolymer Hydrogel Layers to Physicochemical Stimuli
Authors: Gianneli Maria , Anac Ilke , Rostkamp Robert , Menges Bernhard , Loppinet Benoit , Jonas Uli , Knoll Wolfgang , Fytas George 
Published: November 2014

The use of responsive thin hydrogel films as the active matrix in sensor applications requires detailed knowledge of their structural and dynamical properties and their responsiveness to external conditions. Here, the structure and dynamics in photo‐crosslinked, surface‐attached films (≈1 μm dry thickness) of a poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)‐based terpolymer (containing 5% methacrylic acid and 1% benzophenone methacrylate comonomers) at different temperatures and salt (NaCl) contents are reported. The swelling is monitored by surface plasmon resonance/optical waveguide spectroscopy (SPR/OWS), and the hydrogel dynamics are studied by micro‐photon correlation spectroscopy. In addition to the expected volume phase transition above a critical temperature of ca. 32–35 °C and at NaCl concentrations above 1 m, SPR/OWS reveals subtle thickness variations at lower salt concentrations. The fast cooperative diffusion of the polymer network and a slow mode for the relaxation of the thermal concentration fluctuations in the grafted hydrogel layer exhibit a non‐monotonic dependence on the salinity and a strong slowdown with temperature near the collapse transition. These dynamics respond sensitively and distinctly to structural changes induced by increasing temperature or added monovalent salt in comparison to the only subtle changes of the polymer fraction.
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Bioinspired Polymeric Nanocomposites for Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Carrow James K. , Gaharwar Akhilesh K. 
Published: November 2014

The design and fabrication of bioinspired nanomaterials for tissue‐engineering applications requires a fundamental understanding of the interactions between polymers, nanostructures, and cells. Most biomimetic polymeric nanocomposites consist of two or more types of polymers or of polymers combined with different nanomaterials to obtain composite structures with desired properties. In this Talents & Trends article, the focus is on bioinspired poly­meric nanocomposites surrounding three major strategies. Firstly, biomimetic structures composed of a fibrous architecture are discussed. Secondly, the emerging trends in designing complex nanocomposites with multiple functionalities are assessed. Finally, some of the most critical challenges that come with the design and fabrication are highlighted in bioprinting. Finally, the emerging trends in the field of bioinspired polymeric nanocomposites are highlighted.
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The Effect of SDS and TEG on Chain Mobility and Secondary Structure of Decolored Bloodmeal
Authors: Hicks Talia M. , Verbeek Casparus J. R. , Lay Mark C. , Bier James M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and triethylene glycol (TEG) on secondary structure of decolored bloodmeal (DBM) during heating was examined via synchrotron‐based Fourier transform infra‐red spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and wide angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS). Both additives homogenize secondary structure distribution; SDS increases α‐helices and decreases β‐sheets and β‐turns, while SDS–TEG reduces α‐helices and β‐sheets and increase random coils. Short heat cycles only change the composition of SDS‐TEG treated DBM, implying TEG is responsible for chain mobility. Prolonged heating slowly increases β‐sheets and suddenly increases α‐helices at 55–75 °C in SDS‐TEG treated DBM and 100 °C in SDS‐treated DBM. Finally, WAXS shows that structural change due to heating is reversible for SDS‐TEG treated DBM.
Printed monopole antenna with triangular‐shape groove at ground plane for bluetooth and UWB applications
Authors: Malheiros‐Silveira Gilliard N. , Yoshioka Ricardo T. , Bertuzzo Jose E. , Hernandez‐Figueroa Hugo E. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTA compact printed monopole antenna on FR4 substrate is proposed for bluetooth and ultrawideband applications. The antenna patch is obtained by joining two distinct semiellipses through their major axes. Results are experimentally demonstrated over significant wideband operation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:28–31, 2015
Comparison between ray tracing and ray launching semianalytical methods for computing the radiation characteristics of a Fabry–Perot cavity
Authors: Boutayeb Halim 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTIn this work, two semianalytical methods are compared for computing the radiation characteristics of a Fabry–Perot cavity excited by an internal current line source. One method uses the ray launching and the other method uses the ray tracing. A full‐wave method is used as a reference. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:13–15, 2015
A wideband dual polarization base station antenna
Authors: Kim Young‐Guk , Park Seong‐Ook 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTThis article investigates the slotted bow‐tie dual‐polarization antenna with achieving the wide band. The proposed antenna consists of upper antenna and lower antenna in one PCB substrate. This antenna achieves a −10 dB return loss within the operating band of 1.6–2.3 GHz, which has a 700 MHz bandwidth. Isolation between antenna 1 and antenna 2 is about −30 dB within the operating frequency band. Antenna 1 and 2's gains are above 8 dBi in the entire frequency bandwidth. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:22–26, 2015
Generation of a 100‐GHz optical SSB signal using XPM‐based all‐optical frequency upconversion in an SOA‐MZI
Authors: Kim Hyoung‐Jun , Lee Seung‐Hun , Song Jong‐In 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTAn all‐optical single‐sideband (SSB) frequency upconversion technique using a semiconductor optical amplifier Mach–Zehnder interferometer with an interferometric configuration was demonstrated for radio‐over‐fiber applications. 99 and 101 GHz optical SSB signals, which showed no power fading associated with fiber dispersion for transmission over a single‐mode fiber with a length up to 20 km, were generated. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:35–38, 2015
An UWB microstrip monopole antenna for breast tumor detection
Authors: Kahar Manisha , Ray Arup , Sarkar Debashree , Sarkar P. P 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTAn ultrawideband (UWB) monopole antenna is designed for microwave breast imaging on a heterogeneous breast model. Antenna parameters are studied on the breast model for near and far proximity of the antenna from the breast skin. High current density has been observed for all positions and sizes of deep seated and superficial tumors keeping specific absorption rate (SAR) within limits on surrounding tissues and skin. Features of UWB and safe acceptable SAR make the antenna suitable for its intended application. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:49–54, 2015
The 1‐V 2.4 GHz low‐spur fractional‐N frequency synthesizer chip design with exploiting randomly selected PFD and sub‐sampling charge pump technology
Authors: Huang Jhin‐Fang , Yang Jia‐Lun , Liu Ron‐Yi 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTA 1‐V 2.4 GHz low‐spur phase‐locked loop (PLL) fractional‐N frequency synthesizer with a subsampling charge pump and a randomly selected phase frequency detector is implemented by TSMC 0.18‐μm CMOS process. The proposed frequency synthesizer randomizes the periodic ripples on the controlled voltage from the voltage‐controlled oscillator to reduce the reference spur at the output of the PLL. A random clock generator is used to perform this random selection control. At 1‐V supply voltage, measured results of the proposed prototype achieve the tuning range of 2.235–2.579 GHz, corresponding to 14.3%, a phase noise of −113.17 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency from 2.41 GHz, an output power of −4.534 dBm with a reference spur of −70.4 dBc and a power consumption of 9 mW. Including pads, the chip area only occupies 0.695 (0.819 × 0.849) mm2. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:61–66, 2015
Dual‐band frequency‐reconfigurable monopole antenna for WLAN applications
Authors: Basaran Siddik Cumhur , Sertel Kubilay 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTA frequency‐reconfigurable microstrip monopole antenna for WLAN applications is presented. Based on two side‐by‐side split‐ring (SR) resonators as the primary radiator, the antenna exhibits single or dual frequency operation that is tunable using an integrated switch. The antenna is electrically small, thanks to the SR structure, and exhibits similar radiation patterns for both frequency bands. The return loss and radiation pattern measurements of the fabricated antenna are in very good agreement with simulation results. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:55–58, 2015
Fiber link tests of wavelength reuse after amplitude erasure in semiconductor optical amplifier
Authors: Ribeiro Napoleão S. , Gallep Cristiano M. , Conforti Evandro 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTPropagation in a 25‐km fiber link with wavelength reuse based on amplitude modulation erasure by deep saturated ultralong semiconductor optical amplifier is demonstrated up to 12.5 Gb/s. Downstream signals with modulation extinction ratio (ER) up to 10 dB were tested in links with standard and dispersion compensated fibers. The impact of bit rate and input ER over the wavelength reuse performance is investigated, including tests at diverse wavelengths to induce residual dispersion impairments. Despite the inherent spectral broadening occurring in the erasure process the upstream signals have good quality even after dispersive fiber links, as evidenced by BER characterization. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:132–137, 2015
Miniaturized rat‐race coupler with harmonic suppression
Authors: Nie Wei , Luo Sha , Guo Yongxin , Fan Yong 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTThis article presents a miniaturized rat‐race coupler with harmonic suppression. The proposed coupler only takes 15.1% of the area of the corresponding conventional rat‐race coupler. By replacing the traditional transmission line with the proposed stub‐loaded transmission line equivalently, the coupler performances can be retained and size can be reduced significantly at the same time. In addition, due to the transmission zero introduced by the stubs, the harmonic suppression is also improved. To verify the effectiveness of the substitution, the design equations are derived for analysis. Finally, the proposed coupler is fabricated for experimental verification, and a good match is found between the simulation and measurement results. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:190–193, 2015
Dual‐band CPW‐fed slot antenna with a pair of hook‐shaped slits
Authors: Ojaroudi Nasser , Ghadimi Noradin 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTIn this article, we present a new dual‐band coplanar waveguide‐fed slot antenna for wireless communication systems. The proposed antenna is fabricated on an FR4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4. Configuration of the antenna structure consists of modified radiating stub with a pair of hook‐shaped slits and slotted ground plane where operates over a very wide bandwidth and improves the impedance matching. By cutting a pair of modified hook‐shaped slit at the radiating stub, a good dual‐band can be achieved. The measured impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna for 10 dB return loss is from 1.75 to 2.42 GHz and 3.51 to 3.72 GHz, covering the major wireless communication bands like 1.8 GHz digital communication service, 1.9 GHz personal‐mobile communication service, 2.2 GHz universal mobile telecommunications system, 2.3 GHz wireless broadband, 2.4 GHz wireless local area network, 3.5 GHz worldwide interoperability for microwave access, and so forth. Simulated and experimental results obtained for this antenna show that the proposed slot antenna has a good radiation behavior. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:172–174, 2015
Transmission enhancement using textile artificial magnetic conductor with coplanar waveguide monopole antenna
Authors: Kamardin Kamilia , Rahim Mohamad Kamal A. , Samsuri Nor Asmawati , Jalil Mohd Ezwan , Majid Huda A. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTCPW monopoles with textile artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) sheet‐like waveguide were designed with the goal to improve transmission between antennas. The AMC substrate is made of Fleece fabric while SHIELDIT fabric is used for the conducting parts. A small AMC sheet as well as an AMC waveguide jacket were fabricated. Experiments were carried out in free space and near to human body settings, with different orientations being considered. The S21 transmission between two monopoles is improved up to maximum 29 dB with the presence of AMC surface. For both free space and on‐body placements, significant transmission enhancement has been observed for all the tested positions. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:197–200, 2015
Planar square multiband frequency reconfigurable microstrip fed antenna with quadratic Koch‐Island fractal slot for wireless devices
Authors: Trad Imen Ben , Rmili Hatem , Floch Jean Marie , Zouch Wassim , Drissi Mohamed 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTA planarprinted multiband microstrip fed antenna with reconfigurable frequency performance was designed for multistandard wireless communication systems. The antenna consists on a square shaped patch with an optimized centered Koch‐Island fractal slot. The antenna allows a reconfigurability of the frequency bands by incorporating 16 PIN diodes inside the fractal slot which is highly complex. That is why short and open circuits will be used to produce frequency agility instead of RF switches (for proof of the concept). The proposed antenna is capable to switch between 15 operating frequency bands centered at 1.7, 1.77, 2.36, 2.43, 3.30, 3.61, 3.67, 3.79, 4.05, 4.34, 4.59, 5.2, 5.27, 5.47, and 5.57 GHz through four operating modes M1–M4 over the wide range 1–6 GHz. Prototypes corresponding to different modes were manufactured and characterized. Simulated and measured results are presented and discussed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:207–212, 2015
Dispersion compensation in millimeter wave radio over multimode fiber systems
Authors: Cseh Tamás , Berceli Tibor 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTMultimode fibers (MMF) provide a reasonable and efficient solution for radio over fiber systems. However, in MMF systems the modal dispersion and chromatic dispersion can be very high. In this article, an efficient compensator is purposed and investigated. The impact of the compensator is tested with different radio modulations by simulations and experiments, and the compensated transfer function is analyzed as well. The application of the compensator provides significant improvement in the error vector magnitude. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:204–207, 2015