bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenological responses of alpine snowbed communities to advancing snowmelt
Authors: Crepaz Harald , Quaglia Elena , Lombardi Giampiero , Lonati Michele , Rossi Mattia , Ravetto Enri Simone , Dullinger Stefan , Tappeiner Ulrike , Niedrist Georg 
Published: July 2024

AbstractClimate change is leading to advanced snowmelt date in alpine regions. Consequently, alpine plant species and ecosystems experience substantial changes due to prolonged phenological seasons, while the responses, mechanisms and implications remain widely unclear. In this 3‐year study, we investigated the effects of advancing snowmelt on the phenology of alpine snowbed species. We related microclimatic drivers to species and ecosystem phenology using in situ monitoring and phenocams. We further used predictive modelling to determine whether early snowmelt sites could be used as sentinels for future conditions. Temperature during the snow‐free period primarily influenced flowering phenology, followed by snowmelt timing. Salix herbacea and Gnaphalium supinum showed the most opportunistic phenology, while annual Euphrasia minima struggled to complete its phenology in short growing seasons. Phenological responses varied more between years than sites, indicating potential local long‐term adaptations and suggesting these species' potential to track future earlier melting dates. Phenocams captured ecosystem‐level phenology (start, peak and end of phenological season) but failed to explain species‐level variance. Our findings highlight species‐specific responses to advancing snowmelt, with snowbed species responding highly opportunistically to changes in snowmelt timings while following species‐specific developmental programs. While species from surrounding grasslands may benefit from extended growing seasons, snowbed species may become outcompeted due to internal‐clock‐driven, non‐opportunistic senescence, despite displaying a high level of phenological plasticity.
Historic channel dynamics of a highly developed dryland river
Authors: Salo Jessica , Katz Gabrielle 
Published: July 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how river systems adjust to hydrologic alterations is critical to sustainable river management. Remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) provide a reliable and cost‐effective approach to studying river adjustment, including the possible attainment of dynamic equilibrium. We used this approach to study the highly managed lower South Platte River in northeastern Colorado, USA. We assessed the active channel (inclusive of open water, sand bars and adjacent sparsely vegetated areas) in three 30 km study sections, using General Land Office (GLO) maps circa 1870, and a time series of eight sets of aerial photographs from 1941 to 2015. In the GLO surveys, the active channel was 72–80% larger and 65–85% wider than in the later aerial photographs. Mean daily discharge in the prior photo interval was the strongest hydrologic predictor of channel area, while mean June daily discharge was the strongest predictor of channel width. Maximum daily discharge was the only significant predictor of lateral movement of the main channel. The highest rates of channel movement occurred when the primary channel switched locations to occupy a pre‐existing secondary channel. An average of 17% of the total active channel area was persistent, defined as consisting of channels at ≥7 of the eight photo years, and there was a narrow, persistent active channel throughout 68–72% of the length of each section. Thus, the location of the river has been stable since 1941, though flanking the channel location were areas of the active channel that were more temporally dynamic. After 1956, the post‐development lower South Platte River channel planform achieved a state of dynamic equilibrium, fluctuating thereafter within a relatively narrow range of values. As conditions in the basin change in the future due to increased municipal and industrial water demand and climate change, we can expect the river to also change.
A comprehensive review of an electric vehicle based on the existing technologies and challenges
Authors: Kumar Anil 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThis article evaluates the growing prominence of electric vehicles (EVs) driven by factors like cost reduction and increased environmental awareness. It scrutinizes EV progress, focusing on battery technology advancements, charging methods, and emerging research prospects. It also delves into the global EV market status and its future potential. With batteries being a pivotal EV component, this article offers an extensive overview of various battery technologies, spanning from traditional Lead‐acid to modern lithium‐ion batteries. Furthermore, it explores diverse EV charging standards, emphasizing battery energy management, and underscores unexplored research opportunities for both industry and academia.
A systematic review of digital access to post‐diagnostic health and social care services for dementia
Authors: Watson James , Hanna Kerry , Talbot Catherine , Hansen Marcus , Cannon Jacqueline , Caprioli Thais , Gabbay Mark , Komuravelli Aravind , Eley Ruth , Tetlow Hilary , Giebel Clarissa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectivesFor many people with dementia and unpaid carers, using technology for care and support has become essential. Rapid proliferation of technology highlights the need to understand digital access to health and social care services for dementia. This mixed‐methods systematic review aims to explore digital access to health and social care services for dementia, from the perspective of people with dementia and unpaid carers.MethodsNine electronic databases were searched in May 2023 for qualitative, quantitative, or mixed‐method studies, published in English or German, focused on experiences of using technology‐delivered health and social care services for people with dementia and unpaid carers. After removal of duplicates and screening, 44 empirical papers were included.ResultsFrom the 44 studies, findings were grouped into five categories, highlighting experiences for people with dementia and unpaid carers: (1) Adapting to technology, (2) Inequalities and variations in outcomes, (3) Impact on caring, (4) Impact on health, and (5) Impact on relationships. Proliferation of technology in care access emphasised the need for quick adaptation to technology and examination of its impact. The impact of such service delivery has evidenced mixed findings. There were improvements in the health and wellbeing of people with dementia and unpaid carers, and benefits for their dyadic relationship. However, using technology for health and social care access is not always possible and is often reliant on unpaid carers for support. Lower tech‐literacy, lack of equipment or money to buy equipment and poor internet connection can impact the potential for positive outcomes.ConclusionsTechnology can bring great benefits: social inclusion, improved service access and care. However, using technology in service delivery in dementia needs careful thought. Professionals and service providers need to be cognizant of the complex nature of dementia, and the benefits and challenges of hybrid service delivery.
Incentivized collaborative care to disseminate and enhance contingency‐management services
Authors: Davidson Rosemarie M. , Brown Hayley D. , Regnier Sean D. , DeFulio Anthony 
Published: July 2024

AbstractContingency management is especially effective in supporting medication adherence and drug abstinence among people with opioid use disorder. However, the incorporation of contingency management into clinical practice has been slow. The present study was designed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and usability of incentives for providers as a means of accelerating collaborative care with contingency management. Thirteen buprenorphine prescribers served as participants in a nonexperimental study. The prescribers who referred patients to a contingency‐management service received monetary incentives for reviewing patient performance data and describing their use of these data in treatment decisions. The results show that this approach is feasible, acceptable, and easy to use for everyone involved. Self‐reports indicate improved prescriber–patient relationships and more informed care. However, prescriber‐focused incentives did not appear to greatly enhance access to contingency‐management services for patients. Thus, provider incentives may be beneficial but further research is needed to advance adoption of contingency management.
Re‐evaluation of risk and oncological outcomes of resection of veins and arteries in the resection of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Lee Mirang , Chae Yoon Soo , Park Seulah , Yun Won‐Gun , Jung Hye‐Sol , Han Youngmin , Kwon Wooil , Park Joon Seong , Jang Jin‐Young 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdvances in chemotherapy have led to increasing major vascular resection during pancreatectomy which has been contraindicated due to high morbidity. This study aimed to verify the safety and oncological outcomes of vascular resection during pancreatectomy in the era of neoadjuvant therapy.MethodsData from patients who underwent surgery for pancreatic cancer at Seoul National University Hospital between 2001 and 2021 were reviewed. Clinicopathological outcomes were analyzed according vessel resection. A propensity‐score‐matched (PSM) analysis was performed to evaluate survival outcomes.ResultsOf 1596 patients, the proportion of those who underwent vascular resection increased from 9.2% to 23.4% over time divided into 5‐year intervals. There were no differences in major complications (15.6% vs. 13.0%; p = .266) and 30‐day mortality rate (0.3% vs. 0.6%; p = .837) between the vascular and nonvascular resection groups. After PSM, the vascular resection group demonstrated comparable survival outcome with the nonvascular resection group (5 year‐survival‐rate 20.4 vs. 23.7%; p = .194). Arterial resection yielded comparable survival outcome with nonvascular resection (5 year‐survival‐rate 38.1% vs. 23.7%; p = .138).ConclusionsAppropriate vascular resection―even arterial―is safe and effective in patients carefully selected for radical surgery in the era of neoadjuvant therapy. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal indication and method for vascular resection in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Cold‐adapted influenza‐vectored RSV vaccine protects BALB/c mice and cotton rats from RSV challenge
Authors: Xu Yongru , Sun Fang , Bai Zhifang , Bian Chengrong , Wang Xiliang , Zhao Zhongpeng , Yang Penghui 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains the primary cause of lower respiratory tract infections, particularly in infants and the elderly. In this study, we employed reverse genetics to generate a chimeric influenza virus expressing neuraminidase‐3F protein conjugate with three repeats of the RSV F protein protective epitope inserted into the NA gene of A/California/7/2009 ca (CA/AA ca), resulting in rFlu/RSV/NA‐3F (hereafter, rFRN3). The expression of NA‐3F protein was confirmed by Western blotting. The morphology and temperature‐sensitive phenotype of rFRN3 were similar to CA/AA ca. Its immunogenicity and protective efficiency were evaluated in BALB/c mice and cotton rats. Intranasal administration of rFRN3 elicited robust humoral, cellular, and to some extent, mucosal immune responses. Compared to controls, rFRN3 protected animals from RSV infection, attenuated lung injury, and reduced viral titers in the nose and lungs post‐RSV challenge. These results demonstrate that rFRN3 can trigger RSV‐specific immune responses and thus exhibits potent protective efficacy. The “dual vaccine” approach of a cold‐adapted influenza vector RSV vaccine will improve the prophylaxis of influenza and RSV infection. rFRN3 thus warrants further clinical investigations as a candidate RSV vaccine.
The origin and spread of HIV‐1 CRF59_01B epidemic in China: A molecular network and phylogeographic analysis
Authors: Yan Huanchang , Wu Hao , Li Shunming , Wang Jiahang , Luo Yefei , Luo Rui , Gu Yuzhou , Cai Yanshan , Tang Shixing , Hao Yuantao , Gu Jing , Han Zhigang , Liu Yu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 CRF59_01B, identified in China in 2013, has been detected nationwide, exhibiting notably high prevalence in Guangzhou and its vicinity. This study aimed to unravel its origin and migration. A data set was established, incorporating all available CRF59_01B pol gene sequences and their metadata from Guangzhou and the public database. Bayesian phylogeographic analysis demonstrated that CRF59_01B originated in Shenzhen, the neighboring city of Guangzhou, around 1998 with posterior probability of 0.937. Molecular network analysis detected 1131 transmission links and showed a remarkably high clustering rate (78.9%). Substantial inter‐city transmissions (26.5%, 300/1131) were observed between Shenzhen and Guangzhou while inter‐region transmissions linked Guangzhou with South (46) and Southwest (64) China. The centre of Guangzhou was the hub of CRF59_01B transmission, including the inflow from Shenzhen (3.57 events/year) and outflow to the outskirts of Guangzhou (>2 events/year). The large‐scale analysis revealed significant migration from Shenzhen to Guangzhou (5.08 events/year) and North China (0.59 events/year), and spread from Guangzhou to Central (0.47 events/year), East (0.42 events/year), South (0.76 events/year), Southwest China (0.76 events/year) and Shenzhen (1.89 events/year). Shenzhen and Guangzhou served as the origin and the hub of CRF59_01B circulation, emphasizing inter‐city cooperation and data sharing to confine its nationwide diffusion.
Explicating the microfoundations of operational excellence in services: A capabilities perspective
Authors: Sunder M Vijaya , Linderman Kevin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe operations management community has recognized operational excellence as a contemporary arena comprising a full spectrum of research paradigms. However, there is a dearth of theoretical development aimed at understanding and unpacking operational excellence and its strategic implications for competitiveness. Much of the existing research focuses on siloed operational improvement practices rather than on inherent capabilities. In this paper, we conceptualize operational excellence from a capabilities perspective. We derive our findings from within‐ and cross‐case analyses based on data gathered from four global banks with varying competitive positions. We posit the microfoundations of operational excellence in services by demonstrating how the cumulative aggregation of constituent capabilities leads to higher competitiveness in firms. We enhance the external validity of the emergent theory by showing its applicability in another service setting (healthcare). Our study demonstrates the importance of shifting managerial thinking from individual operational improvement practices to long‐term capability building through the microfoundations of operational excellence.
Automated design of bone‐preserving, insertable, and shape‐matching patient‐specific acetabular components
Authors: Garner Eric , Meynen Alexander , Scheys Lennart , Wu Jun , Zadpoor Amir A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractEffective treatment of large acetabular defects remains among the most challenging aspects of revision total hip arthroplasty (THA), due to the deficiency of healthy bone stock and degradation of the support columns. Generic uncemented components, which are favored in primary THA, are often unsuitable in revision cases, where the bone‐implant contact may be insufficient for fixation, without significant reaming of the limited residual bone. This study presents a computational design strategy for automatically generating patient‐specific implants that simultaneously maximize the bone‐implant contact area, and minimize bone reaming while ensuring insertability. These components can be manufactured using the same additive manufacturing methods as porous components and may reduce cost and operating‐time, compared to existing patient‐specific systems. This study compares the performance of implants generated via the proposed method to optimally fitted hemispherical implants, in terms of the achievable bone‐implant contact surface, and the volume of reamed bone. Computer‐simulated results based on the reconstruction of a set of 15 severe pelvic defects (Paprosky 2A‐3B) suggest that the patient‐specific components increase bone‐implant contact by 63% (median: 63%; SD: 44%; 95% CI: 52.3%–74.0%; RMSD: 42%), and reduce the volume of reamed bone stock by 97% (median: 98%; SD: 4%; 95% CI: 95.9%–97.4%; RMSD: 3.7%).
Refermentation with yeast and lactic acid bacteria isolates: a strategy to improve the flavor of green coffee beans
Authors: Zhao Na , Kokawa Mito , Suzuki Taroh , Khan Amini Rasool , Dong Weixue , Nguyen Minh‐Quan , Kitamura Yutaka 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundYeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play an important part in the post‐harvest fermentation of coffee. This study applied lab‐scale fermentation to commercial green coffee beans using dry coffee pulp as the substrate, with the aim of modifying coffee‐bean flavor. In addition to spontaneous fermentation, yeast and LAB isolated from coffee beans and dried coffee pulp were added during fermentation.ResultsCo‐inoculation of yeast and LAB showed a significant effect on the chlorogenic acid content after between 24 and 72 h of fermentation. Acetic, citric, malic, lactic, and quinic acids were shown to be affected significantly (P < 0.05) by fermentation and inoculation. Gas chromatography detected that esters, alcohols, aldehydes, furans, and pyrazines were the primary compounds in the coffee beans. Certain volatile groups were present in greater concentrations and broader varieties within the inoculated beans. The highest cupping scores were given to beans that had been co‐inoculated with yeast and LAB.ConclusionOverall, the use of yeasts and LAB starters showed potential to create coffee beverages with desirable characteristics by standardized fermentation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Total triterpenoids from apple peels exert pronounced anti‐breast‐cancer activity in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Yan Wanyu , Chen Cong , Zheng Yuanru , Xu Jingwen , Wang Yihai , He Xiangjiu 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDApples are among the most nutritionally valuable fruits and have a history of use in traditional Chinese medicine. Triterpenoids, the primary bioactive compounds found in apples, demonstrate significant antitumor activity.RESULTSFollowing enrichment and optimization, the total content of major triterpenoids in total triterpenoids from apple peels (ATT) reached 5.76 g kg−1. The growth of MDA‐MB‐231 xenograft tumors was significantly inhibited after treatment with ATT. Network pharmacology analysis conclusively identified a close association between the antitumor effect of ATT and the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase–protein kinase B (PI3K‐Akt) signaling pathway. Experimental validation using MDA‐MB‐231 cells and a xenograft nude mouse model confirmed that ATT suppressed tumor cell proliferation effectively by modulating the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway, which was consistent with the findings from network pharmacology. The total triterpenoids from apple peels also induced cell apoptosis by mediating the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway.CONCLUSIONThe total triterpenoids from apple peels can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis effectively through the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway, suggesting that ATT holds promise as a prospective therapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Signet ring cells and conditional survival after trimodality therapy for esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Mitchell Kyle G. , Feldman Hope , Milton Denái R. , Antonoff Mara B. , Hofstetter Wayne L. , Rice David C. , Vaporciyan Ara A. , Lin Ruitao , Thall Peter F. , Rajaram Ravi ,   and other members of the MD Anderson Cancer Center Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Study Group
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and MethodsAlthough signet ring cell (SRC) histology is associated with resistance to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and worse overall survival (OS) in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), its prognostic relationship among patients who survive the early period following resection is unknown. EAC patients who underwent trimodality therapy at a single institution (2006–2018) were identified. Bayesian multivariable regression (BMR) analyses of OS and additional OS from a 3‐year landmark were performed.ResultsOf 631 patients, SRCs were present in 16.0% (N = 101). SRC was associated with shorter median OS (45.8 [95% confidence interval: 31.0–96.7] vs. 79.8 [63.0–107.2] months; p = 0.014). In BMR analysis, the absence of an SRC component was moderately associated with improved OS (probability of beneficial effect, PBE = 0.879). Three‐year conditional BMR analysis of additional OS (N = 357) showed that SRC status no longer had a prognostic effect (PBE = 0.546); higher pathological stage was strongly associated with worse additional OS (PBE < 0.001).ConclusionsThe presence of SRC portends worse OS following trimodality therapy for EAC. However, this prognostic impact is dynamic and abates by 3 years postoperatively. In contrast, a higher pathological stage is strongly associated with poor overall and 3‐year conditional survival.DiscussionThese findings may inform postoperative patient counseling and surveillance protocols.
Deep Learning‐Enhanced Fiber‐Coupled Laser Diode‐Based Photoacoustic Microscopy for High‐Resolution Microvasculature Imaging
Authors: Huang Bingxin , Chan Simon C. K. , Li Xiufeng , Tsang Victor T. C. , Wong Terence T. W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBlood vessel imaging provides crucial information for physiological monitoring and disease diagnosis. Optical‐resolution photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) is gaining intense attention in high‐resolution in vivo imaging of blood vessels. However, its applicability in clinical settings is hindered by the requirement of bulky and costly pulsed lasers as well as complex alignment procedures. Here, as a novel approach to high‐quality and cost‐effective microvasculature imaging, a dual‐wavelength fiber‐coupled laser diode‐based PAM (FC‐LD‐PAM) system is demonstrated on the mouse ear and brain in vivo. Furthermore, assisted with a deep learning method, the proposed technique effectively combines the advantages when using both small and large core‐size multimode fibers—successfully enhances the resolution of blurry mouse microvascular images obtained using a large core‐size fiber, revealing fine details that are comparable to those achieved using a small core‐size fiber; significantly reduces the overall time for data acquisition up to fourfold, improving the efficiency significantly in the imaging process. In addition, the proposed approach can achieve accurate and high‐resolution mapping of oxygen saturation in vivo, providing functional insight on living tissue. Therefore, the FC‐LD‐PAM can serve as a translational tool for high‐resolution imaging with enhanced accessibility and versatility in the biomedical field.