bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of STAT5 silenced by siRNA on proliferation apoptosis and invasion of esophageal carcinoma cell line Eca-109
Authors: Yang Qian , Li Min , Wang Tao , Xu Hong , Zang Wenqiao , Zhao Guoqiang 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Background
STAT is the backward position of cytokine and growth factor receptors in the nucleus, STAT dimers could bind to DNA and induce transcription of specific target genes. Several lines of evidence support the important roles of STAT, especially STAT5, in carcinogenesis. The overexpression of STAT 5 is related to the differentiation and apoptosis of tumor cells. However, the role of STAT5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma remains unclear.

Methods
The siRNA vectors aiming to STAT5 gene were constructed. STAT5 siRNA was transfected into Eca-109 cells by Lipofectamine™2000. Expression of STAT5、Bcl-2 and Cyclin D1 were analyzed by Western blot and RT-PCR. Eca-109 cells proliferation was determined by MTT. Eca-109 cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by the flow cytometry. Boyden chamber was used to evaluate the invasion and metastasis capabilities of Eca-109 cells.

Results
The double strands oligonucleotide of siRNA aiming to STAT5 was successfully cloned into the pRNAT-U6.1 vector, and the target sequence coincided with the design. RT-PCR and Western blotting detection demonstrated that the expression levels of STAT5、Bcl-2 and Cyclin D1 gene were obviously decreased in Eca-109 cells transfected with STAT5 siRNA. STAT5 siRNA could suppress the proliferation of Eca-109 cells. The proportion of S and G2/M period frequency was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The proportion of G0/G1 period frequency was significantly increased (p < 0.05). The average amount of cells penetrating Matrigel was significantly decreased (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
STAT5 silenced by siRNA could induce the apoptosis and suppress the proliferation、invasion and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma cell line Eca-109, which indicated STAT5 might be a novel therapeutic strategy for the human ESCC.

Virtual slides
The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1351913072103000
Assessment of attitudes towards methadone maintenance treatment between heroin users at a compulsory detoxification centre and methadone maintenance clinic in Ningbo, China
Authors: Liu Yu , Li Longhui , Zhang Yahai , Zhang Lina , Shen Wenwen , Xü Huachong , Wang Guangming , Lü Weidong , Zhou Wenhua 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Background
In China, the Compulsory Detoxification Centres are the main response for people who use illegal drugs. Due to high relapse rates among people released from the Compulsory Detoxification Centres, it is likely that they may seek medical help, including Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) services, at some point. Therefore, better understanding of the attitudes and beliefs of people in the Compulsory Detoxification Centres can help to provide more adequate response to opioid dependence.

Methods
In total, 329 detained heroin users and 112 active MMT clients were recruited from a local Compulsory Detoxification Centre and MMT clinic, respectively. The survey contained specific questions relating to attitudes and beliefs regarding MMT.

Results
Participants at the Compulsory Detoxification Centre and the MMT clinic expressed different opinions, regarding positive and negative attitudes and beliefs towards MMT. In addition, participants from both sites hold certain negative attitudes and beliefs about methadone despite their acknowledgement of the positive effects of MMT. Finally, participants at the Compulsory Detoxification Centre and the MMT clinic reported distinctive treatment preferences, with the former preferring community-based treatment and the latter MMT.

Conclusions
Developing targeted education about MMT for people at the Compulsory Detoxification Centres could help improve access to accurate and evidence-based health and treatment information. The study may also help providers understand and adjust services needed for target population in the future.
Changing trends and serotype distribution of Shigella species in Beijing from 1994 to 2010
Authors: Mao Yuanli , Cui Enbo , Bao Chunmei , Liu Zhenhong , Chen Suming , Zhang Juling , Wang Huan , Zhang Chenglong , Zou Jing , Klena John D , Zhu Baoli , Qu Fen , Wang Zhiyun 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Shigella species are a common cause of acute diarrheal disease in China. In this study, we characterized the changing trends and serotype distribution of Shigella species in Beijing from 1994 to 2010. A total of 5999 Shigella strains were isolated and serotyped from the 302nd Hospital in Beijing. The annual number of Shigella isolates reached a peak (n = 1192; 19.84%) in 1996 and then decreased annually, reaching the lowest point (n = 24; 0.41%) in 2010. S. flexneri 2a and S. sonnei were the most frequently isolated Shigella, with their respective isolates making up 53.3% and 27.6% of the total. Isolates of S. flexneri 4c, 4a, and x made up 3% respectively of the total isolates. Significant decreases in percentage of S. flexneri over time were observed. S. sonnei surpassed S. flexneri 2a as the predominant serotype in 2000. Most isolates were recovered from July to September; 13.6% of the isolates were recovered from children aged 0 to 5 years, and 16% were recovered from those aged 21 to 25 years. S. flexneri 2a and 5 were recovered mostly from males (33.41%, p < 0.001; and 0.46%, p < 0.001%; respectively), whereas S. flexneri 2b and 6, and S. sonnei were most often isolated from females. Continuous monitoring of Shigella showed that all 4 species and 27 serotypes were present in Beijing, China, during the study period. The emergence of S. sonnei and the overall decreasing isolation rate of Shigella in Beijing can potentially aid in the development of vaccine and control strategies for shigellosis in the city.
Cell injury after ischemia and reperfusion in the porcine kidney evaluated by radiolabelled microspheres, sestamibi, and lactadherin
Authors: Pedersen Stine S , Keller Anna K , Nielsen Marie K , Jespersen Bente , Falborg Lise , Rasmussen Jan T , Heegaard Christian W , Rehling Michael 
Published: August 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to quantify renal cell injury after ischemia and reperfusion in a pig model using99mTc-lactadherin as a marker of apoptosis and99mTc-sestamibi as a marker of mitochondrial dysfunction.MethodsThirty-four pigs were randomized into unilateral renal warm ischemia of 120 (WI120) or 240 min (WI240). The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated by renal clearance of51Cr-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and apoptosis was quantified by immunohistochemical detection of caspase-3. After 240 min of reperfusion, intravenous99mTc-lactadherin or99mTc-sestamibi was injected simultaneously with153Gd microspheres into the aorta.Ex-vivostatic planar images of the kidneys were acquired for determination of the differential renal function of tracer distribution using a gamma camera.ResultsIn WI120, there was no significant difference in the uptake of microspheres in the ischemic and contralateral normal kidney indicating adequate perfusion (uptake in ischemic kidney relative to the sum of uptake in both kidneys; 46% ± 12% and 51% ± 5%). In WI240, the uptake of microspheres was severely reduced in both groups (17% ± 11% and 27% ± 17%). GFR was severely reduced in the post ischemic kidney in both groups.In both groups, the uptake of lactadherin was reduced (41% ± 8%, 17% ± 13%) but not different from the uptake of153Gd microspheres. Caspase-3-positive cell profiles were increased in the post-ischemic kidneys (p < 0.001) and increased as the length of ischemia increased (p = 0.003). In both WI120and WI240, the amount of99mTc-sestamibi in the ischemic kidney was significantly lower than the amount of153Gd microspheres (40 ± 5 versus 51 ± 5 and 20 ± 11 versus 27 ± 17;p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn an established pig model with unilateral renal warm ischemia, we found significantly reduced99mTc-sestamibi uptake relative to perfusion in the kidneys exposed to ischemia indicating a potential ability to detect renal ischemic and reperfusion injuries. However, apoptosis was not detected using99mTc-lactadherin in the post-ischemic kidneys despite increased number of caspase-3-positive cell profiles.Trial registrationThis study is approved by the Danish Inspectorate of Animal Experiments (2010/561-1837).
Development of High-flux Ion Source for Size-selected Nanocluster Ions Based on High-power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Tsunoyama Hironori , Zhang Chuhang , Akatsuka Hiroki , Sekiya Hiroki , Nagase Tomomi , Nakajima Atsushi 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
In this study, we have developed a highly intensive ion source of size-selected nanoclusters based on a high-power impulse magnetron sputtering method. The maximum intensity of the size-selected silver nanocluster anions exceeded that of standard ion sources by more than ten times. The high intensity in the present method was achieved by the high throughput of the ion optics and the high ionization fraction. Fine tuning of the nanocluster size distributions was also demonstrated.
Redox Behavior of Uranium(VI) Adsorbed onto a Phosphate-modified Indium Tin Oxide Electrode
Authors: Suzuki Yoshinori , Nankawa Takuya , Ohnuki Toshihiko 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The redox behavior of U(VI) adsorbed onto a phosphate-modified indium tin oxide (PM-ITO) electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and was compared with that in an aqueous solution at pH 4.0. It was discovered that the reduction potential of U(VI) adsorbed onto the electrode to U(IV) was much more positive than that of UO22+ in the solution. This finding suggests that the adsorption of uranium onto the PM-ITO changes the equilibrium of uranium redox reaction.
Tuning Thermal Stability, Photoluminescent Wavelength, and Optical Anisotropy of Oligothiophenes with Pyridyl End Groups by Using a Hydrogen-bonded Photocrosslinkable Liquid-crystalline Polymer Film
Authors: Kondo Mizuho , Miyake Jun-ichi , Okumoto Kentaro , Shoji Hiroshi , Kawatsuki Nobuhiro 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Asymmetric oligothiophenes with pyridine end groups, coated on a uniaxially aligned acid polymer film and subsequently annealed, exhibited large dichroism and linearly polarized photoluminescence parallel to the orientation direction of the aligned film. Furthermore, sublimation of the thiophenes during annealing was suppressed due to interaction with the acidic film.
Photoresponse on the Desorption of an Atomic Hydrogen on Titanium Dioxide Surface Induced by a Tip of Scanning Tunneling Microscope
Authors: Minato Taketoshi , Asao Naoki , Yamamoto Yoshinori , Kawai Maki , Kim Yousoo 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
The photoresponses on the desorption of atomic hydrogen (H) from a titanium dioxide (TiO2) surface, induced by the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope, were investigated under irradiation of the surface with ultraviolet (UV) photons. On UV irradiation, an increase in the reaction yield of H desorption from the TiO2 surface was observed. The mechanism of the increase in the H desorption yield observed under UV irradiation is discussed.
Planned variation in preanalytical conditions to evaluate biospecimen stability in the National Children’s Study (NCS)
Authors: Mechanic Leah , Mendez Armando , Merrill Lori , Rogers John , Layton Marnie , Todd Deborah , Varanasi Arti , O’Brien Barbara , Meyer III William A. , Zhang Ming , Schleicher Rosemary L. , Moye Jack 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Background: Preanalytical conditions encountered during collection, processing, and storage of biospecimens may influence laboratory results. The National Children’s Study (NCS) is a planned prospective cohort study of 100,000 families to examine the influence of a wide variety of exposures on child health. In developing biospecimen collection, processing, and storage procedures for the NCS, we identified several analytes of different biochemical categories for which it was unclear to what extent deviations from NCS procedures could influence measurement results.

Methods: A pilot study was performed to examine effects of preanalytic sample handling conditions (delays in centrifugation, freezing delays, delays in separation from cells, additive delay, and tube type) on concentrations of eight different analytes. A total of 2825 measurements were made to assess 15 unique combinations of analyte and handling conditions in blood collected from 151 women of childbearing age (≥20 individuals per handling condition).

Results: The majority of analytes were stable under the conditions evaluated. However, levels of plasma interleukin-6 and serum insulin were decreased in response to sample centrifugation delays of up to 5.5 h post-collection (p<0.0001). In addition, delays in freezing centrifuged plasma samples (comparing 24, 48 and 72 h to immediate freezing) resulted in increased levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (p=0.0014).

Conclusions: Determining stability of proposed analytes in response to preanalytical conditions and handling helps to ensure high-quality specimens for study now and in the future. The results inform development of procedures, plans for measurement of analytes, and interpretation of laboratory results.
Nitrous oxide for analgesia in external cephalic version at term: prospective comparative studya
Authors: Burgos Jorge , Cobos Patricia , Osuna Carmen , de Mar Centeno María , Fernández-Llebrez Luis , Astorquiza Txanton Martinez , Melchor Juan Carlos 
Published: August 2013

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of using inhaled nitrous oxide (N2O) for analgesia in external cephalic version (ECV) at term on the success rate of the procedure, on pain, and on obstetric and perinatal outcomes.

Methods: A prospective comparative cohort study among 300 women with singleton pregnancy in breech presentation at term undergoing an ECV with inhaled N2O in a 50:50 mix with oxygen for analgesia and 150 ECVs with no analgesia.

Results: The success rate was 52.3% in the N2O cohort and 52.7% in the controls (P=0.94), whereas the median level of pain was statistically lower in women given N2O (median, 6; range, 4–7, vs. median, 7; range, 5–8; P<0.01). This improvement is mainly from a 49% decrease in severe pain. There were no significant differences in the rate of complications associated with the ECV, in the rate of cesarean sections, or in perinatal outcomes. Furthermore, there were no severe complications secondary to N2O inhalation.

Conclusions: N2O inhalation at a concentration of 50% for analgesia during ECV decreases the level of severe pain experienced by women, appears to be safe both for mother and child, and has no influence on the success rate of ECV or the perinatal outcomes.
Studies on thin films of PVC-PMMA blend polymer electrolytes
Authors: Khan Mohammad Saleem , Gul Rahmat , Wahid Mian Sayed 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Thin films of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)/poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blend polymers complexed with different concentrations of LiClO4 salt, containing ethylene carbonate (EC) as the plasticizer, were fabricated by the solution cast procedure. Ionic conductivity, thermal stability and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were undertaken. AC impedance measurements were done in the temperature range of 20–70°C. The highest ionic conductivity at room temperature was found to be 2.23×10-5 S cm-1 for the sample containing 15 wt% of LiClO4 salt. The XRD technique was used to investigate the structure and complex formation of solid polymer electrolytes. There was a decrease in degree of crystallinity. The amorphous nature of complexed solid polymer blend electrolyte films increased, due to the addition of LiClO4 salt. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) revealed the effect of salt on the thermal stability of the polymer electrolytes. It was found that these polymer electrolyte systems show stability up to about 280°C. It was also found that, with increased LiClO4 salt content in complexed polymer electrolyte systems, the degradation temperature decreased.
Prediction of longitudinal modulus of aligned discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites using boundary element method
Authors: Gun Halit , Kose Gorkem 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIn this study, the boundary element method is presented for the prediction of longitudinal modulus of aligned discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites. The details of the boundary element formulation model covering infinite friction (stick) contact conditions are given. Both fiber and matrix materials are assumed to display linear elastic material behavior. The formulation is applied to boron/epoxy discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites. The computed results show a very good agreement with the modified Cox model and the finite element analysis with experimental data.
Inferring Selection Intensity and Allele Age from Multilocus Haplotype Structure
Authors: Chen Hua , Slatkin Montgomery 
Published: August 2013

AbstractIt is a challenging task to infer selection intensity and allele age from population genetic data. Here we present a method that can efficiently estimate selection intensity and allele age from the multilocus haplotype structure in the vicinity of a segregating mutant under positive selection. We use a structured-coalescent approach to model the effect of directional selection on the gene genealogies of neutral markers linked to the selected mutant. The frequency trajectory of the selected allele follows the Wright-Fisher model. Given the position of the selected mutant, we propose a simplified multilocus haplotype model that can efficiently model the dynamics of the ancestral haplotypes under the joint influence of selection and recombination. This model approximates the ancestral genealogies of the sample, which reduces the number of states from an exponential function of the number of single-nucleotide polymorphism loci to a quadratic function. That allows parameter inference from data covering DNA regions as large as several hundred kilo-bases. Importance sampling algorithms are adopted to evaluate the probability of a sample by exploring the space of both allele frequency trajectories of the selected mutation and gene genealogies of the linked sites. We demonstrate by simulation that the method can accurately estimate selection intensity for moderate and strong positive selection. We apply the method to a data set of the G6PD gene in an African population and obtain an estimate of 0.0456 (95% confidence interval 0.0144−0.0769) for the selection intensity. The proposed method is novel in jointly modeling the multilocus haplotype pattern caused by recombination and mutation, allowing the analysis of haplotype data in recombining regions. Moreover, the method is applicable to data from populations under exponential growth and a variety of other demographic histories.
Mutational Analysis of Sse1 (Hsp110) Suggests an Integral Role for this Chaperone in Yeast Prion PropagationIn Vivo
Authors: Moran Ciara , Kinsella Gemma K , Zhang Zai-Rong , Perrett Sarah , Jones Gary W 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThe yeast Hsp110 chaperone Sse1 is a conserved protein that is a noncanonical member of the Hsp70 protein superfamily. Sse1 influences the cellular response to heat stress and has also been implicated in playing a role in the propagation of prions in yeast. Sse1 can seemingly exert its effects in vivo through direct or indirect actions by influencing the nucleotide exchange activity of canonical cytosolic Hsp70s. Using a genetic screen based on the inability to propagate the yeast [PSI+] prion, we have identified 13 new Sse1 mutants that are predicted to alter chaperone function through a variety of different mechanisms. Not only are these new Sse1 mutants altered in the ability to propagate and cure yeast prions but also to varying degrees in the ability to grow at elevated temperatures. The expression levels of chaperone proteins known to influence yeast prion propagation are unaltered in the Sse1 mutants, suggesting that the observed phenotypic effects are caused by direct functional alterations in these mutants. Mapping the location of the mutants onto the Sse1 crystal structure suggests that more than one functional alteration in Sse1 may result in changes in prion propagation and ability to function at elevated temperatures. All Sse1 mutants isolated provide essential functions in the cell under normal growth conditions, further demonstrating that essential chaperone functions in vivo can to some degree at least be detached from those related to propagation of prions. Our results suggest that Sse1 can influence prion propagation through a variety of different mechanisms.
Synthesis of Samarium Oxide Films by Pulsed Laser Deposition
Authors: Yang Dongfang , Xue Lijue 
Published: August 2013

AbstractUniform Samarium oxide (Sm203) films were grown on 75-mm diameter silicon wafers by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The beam of a KrF excimer laser was used to ablate an Sm2O3 target in an oxygen pressure of 30 mTorr. The crystal structure, surface morphology and optical properties of Sm2O3 films deposited at a temperature range of 25∼680°C were determined by XRD, FE-SEM, and spectra reflectance respectively. Monoclinic structure was the predominant phase for Sm2O3 films deposited at temperatures of 680°C and 400°C. Amorphous or partially crystallized amorphous phase was observed at deposition temperatures of 25°C and 200°C. The Sm2O3 film deposited at 680°C is very dense, while films deposited at lower temperatures have higher porosity. The values of index of refraction, n, and extinction coefficient, k, at λ = 633 nm are 1.867 and 0.0660, respectively, for the 680°C film, and are in a range of 1.5∼1.6 and 0.01∼0.04 respectively for films deposited at lower temperatures.