bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Fluoropicolinate Herbicides by Cascade Cyclization of Fluoroalkyl Alkynylimines.
Authors: Johnson Peter L. , Renga James M. , Galliford Christopher V. , Whiteker Gregory T. , Giampietro Natalie C. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractEvaluation of the protecting groups leads to the identification of N‐trityl‐5,5‐diethoxy protected 1,1,1‐trifluoropent‐3‐yn‐2‐imine as suitable precursors for the cyclization with aryl and alkyl substituted methylamines and subsequent deprotection to 2‐substituted picolinaldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoxaline Derivatives via a Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Domino Reaction.
Authors: Liu Huanhuan , Duan Tiantian , Zhang Zeyuan , Xie Caixia , Ma Chen 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe title reaction is achieved starting from 1‐(2‐halophenyl)‐1H‐pyrroles and α‐amino acids which may be endowed with various substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: [3 + 2] Route to Quaternary Oxaprolinol Derivatives as Masked Precursors of Disubstituted β3,β3‐Amino Aldehyde.
Authors: Shpak‐Kraievskyi Pavlo , Mankou Makaya Amelle , Beauchard Anne , Martel Arnaud , Laurent Mathieu Y. , Dujardin Gilles 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA new approach to enantiopure disubstituted oxaprolinol derivatives through diastereoselective [3+2]‐cycloaddition of chiral cyclic ketonitrones to electron‐rich and electron‐poor dipolarophiles is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative C(sp3)—H Functionalization for Facile Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Triazoles and 1,3,5‐Triazines from Amidines.
Authors: Huang Huawen , Guo Wei , Wu Wanqing , Li Chao‐Jun , Jiang Huanfeng 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA wide variety of substituted triazines and triazoles are prepared from amidines through catalytic oxidative functionalization with trialkylamines, DMSO or DMF.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 3‐Aryl‐2‐aminoindoles, 3‐Allyl‐3‐amino‐2‐iminoindolines, and Tetrahydro‐[1,4]diazepino[2,3‐b]indoles from 3‐Diazoindolin‐2‐imines.
Authors: Sheng Guorong , Huang Kai , Ma Shicong , Qian Jing , Lu Ping , Wang Yanguang 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe rhodium‐catalyzed decomposition of 3‐diazoindolin‐2‐imines to α‐imino rhodium carbene intermediates is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Guapsidial A and Guadials B and C: Three New Meroterpenoids with Unusual Skeletons from the Leaves of Psidium guajava.
Authors: Jian Yu‐Qing , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Zhang Dong‐Mei , Jiang Ren‐Wang , Chen Min‐Feng , Zhao Bing‐Xin , Wang Ying , Ye Wen‐Cai 
Published: October 2015

Abstractstructural elucidation, hypothetical pathway, and cytotoxic activity
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Mediated Oxidative Dimerization of Skatole to Tryptanthrin (IIa), an Indolo[2,1‐b]quinazolone Alkaloid.
Authors: Ishikura Minoru , Itoh Tomoki , Abe Takumi , Nakamura Shuhei 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCu(I)‐mediated dimerization of skatoles (I) provides indoloquinazolinones (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Stereochemical Assignment, and Bioactivity of the Penicillium Metabolites Penicillenols B1 and B2.
Authors: Kempf Karl , Schmitt Florian , Bilitewski Ursula , Schobert Rainer 
Published: October 2015

AbstractA new synthetic route to both penicillenols B1 and B2 is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzyllithiums Bearing Aldehyde Carbonyl Groups. A Flash Chemistry Approach.
Authors: Nagaki Aiichiro , Tsuchihashi Yuta , Haraki Suguru , Yoshida Jun‐ichi 
Published: October 2015

AbstractApplication of a flow microreactor system allows for the generation of benzyllithium compounds endowed with carbonyl substituents which further react with various electrophiles such as aldehydes, ketones, isocyanates, trimethylsilyl derivatives, and methanol.
ChemInform Abstract: Non‐Alternant Non‐Benzenoid Kekulenes: The Birth of a New Kekulene Family
Authors: Miyoshi Hirokazu , Nobusue Shunpei , Shimizu Akihiro , Tobe Yoshito 
Published: October 2015

AbstractReview: theoretical and experimental aspects of kekulene and its benzenoid, non‐benzenoid and non‐alternant type congeners; 84 refs.
Ecological genetics of range size variation in Boechera spp. (Brassicaceae)
Authors: Lovell John T. , McKay John K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMany taxonomic groups contain both rare and widespread species, which indicates that range size can evolve quickly. Many studies have compared molecular genetic diversity, plasticity, or phenotypic traits between rare and widespread species; however, a suite of genetic attributes that unites rare species remains elusive. Here, using two rare and two widespread Boechera (Brassicaceae) species, we conduct a simultaneous comparison of quantitative trait diversity, genetic diversity, and population structure among species with highly divergent range sizes. Consistent with previous studies, we do not find strong associations between range size and within‐population genetic diversity. In contrast, we find that both the degree of phenotypic plasticity and quantitative trait structure (QST) were positively correlated with range size. We also found higher FST: QST ratios in rare species, indicative of either a greater response to stabilizing selection or a lack of additive genetic variation. While widespread species occupy more ecological and climactic space and have diverged at both traits and markers, rare species display constrained levels of population differentiation and phenotypic plasticity. Combined, our results provide evidence for a specialization–generalization trade‐off across three orders of magnitude of range size variation in the ecological model genus, Boechera.
Habitat connectivity as a metric for aquatic microhabitat quality: application to Chinook salmon spawning habitat
Authors: Carnie Ryan , Tonina Daniele , McKean James A. , Isaak Daniel 
Published: October 2015

AbstractQuality of fish habitat at the scale of a single fish, at the metre resolution, which we defined here as microhabitat, has been primarily evaluated on short reaches, and their results have been extended through long river segments with methods that do not account for connectivity, a measure of the spatial distribution of habitat patches. However, recent investigations of quality of aquatic habitat at the stream segment scale, at hundredth of metre resolution macrohabitat, indicate that the spatial distribution of aquatic habitat quality and size is an important factor at the network scale. Here, we hypothesize that aquatic habitat connectivity, quality and patch size are also important at the microhabitat scale. We test this hypothesis by modelling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning habitat in a 6‐km long reach of Bear Valley Creek (Idaho, USA) with microhabitat resolution of 1‐m square. We use two‐dimensional hydraulic numerical modelling coupled with suitability curves to predict the spatial distribution of spawning habitat quality. We quantify connectivity for each habitat patch with the ratio between the area of neighbouring patches and their squared hydrographic distances. Results from a logistic regression analysis comparing predicted with observed spawning locations indicate that habitat quality and patch size are important factors and connectivity among patches may have a secondary effect. Therefore, spatial distribution of aquatic habitat and size of habitat patches are important aspects of its quality, suggesting that composite metrics such as weighted usable area may not be sufficient in defining the condition of the river environment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The clinical course of health status and association with outcomes in patients hospitalized for heart failure: insights from ASCEND‐HF
Authors: Ambrosy Andrew P. , Hernandez Adrian F. , Armstrong Paul W. , Butler Javed , Dunning Allison , Ezekowitz Justin A. , Felker G. Michael , Greene Stephen J. , Kaul Padma , McMurray John J. , Metra Marco , O'Connor Christopher M. , Reed Shelby D. , Schulte Phillip J. , Starling Randall C. , Wilson Tang W.H. , Voors Adriaan A. , Mentz Robert J. 
Published: October 2015

AimsA longitudinal and comprehensive analysis of health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) was performed during hospitalization for heart failure (HF) or soon after discharge.Methods and resultsA post‐hoc analysis was performed of the ASCEND‐HF trial. The EuroQOL five dimensions questionnaire (EQ‐5D) was administered to study participants at baseline, 24 h, discharge/day 10, and day 30. EQ‐5D includes functional dimensions mapped to corresponding utility scores (i.e. 0 = death and 1 = perfect health), and a visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (i.e. ‘worst imaginable health state’) to 100 (i.e. ‘best imaginable health state’). The association between baseline and discharge EQ‐5D measurements and subsequent clinical outcomes including death and rehospitalization were assessed using multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression. A total of 6943 patients (97%) had complete EQ‐5D data at baseline. Mapped utility and VAS scores (mean ± SD) increased over time, respectively, from 0.56 ± 0.23 and 45 ± 22 at baseline to 0.67 ± 0.26 and 58 ± 22 at 24 h and to 0.79 ± 0.20 and 68 ± 22 at discharge, and remained stable at day 30. Lower mapped utility scores at baseline [odds ratio (OR) per 0.1 decrease in utility score 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00–1.06] and discharge (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.05–1.15) and VAS scores at baseline (OR per 10 point decrease 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.09) were significantly associated with increased risk of 30‐day all‐cause death or HF rehospitalization.ConclusionsPatients hospitalized for HF had severely impaired health status at baseline and, although this improved substantially during admission, health status remained abnormal at discharge.
Pharmaceuticals and other anthropogenic tracers in surface water: A randomized survey of 50 Minnesota lakes
Authors: Ferrey Mark L. , Heiskary Steven , Grace Richard , Hamilton M. Coreen , Lueck April 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Water from 50 randomly selected lakes across Minnesota, USA, was analyzed for pharmaceuticals, personal care products, hormones, and other commercial or industrial chemicals in conjunction with the US Environmental Protection Agency's 2012 National Lakes Assessment. Thirty-eight of the 125 chemicals analyzed were detected at least once, all at parts per trillion concentrations. The most widely detected was N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, present in 48% of the lakes sampled. Amitriptyline, a widely used antidepressant, was found in 28% of the lakes. The endocrine active chemicals bisphenol A, androstenedione, and nonylphenol were found in 42%, 30%, and 10% of the lakes, respectively. Cocaine was found in 32% of the lakes, and its degradation product, benzoylecgonine, was detected at 28% of the locations. Carbadox, an antibiotic used solely in the production of swine, was also present in 28% of the lakes sampled. The means by which these and other chemicals were transported to several of the remote lakes is unclear but may involve atmospheric transport. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:2475–2488. © 2015 SETAC
Clothianidin in agricultural soils and uptake into corn pollen and canola nectar after multiyear seed treatment applications
Authors: Xu Tianbo , Dyer Dan G. , McConnell Laura L. , Bondarenko Svetlana , Allen Richard , Heinemann Oliver 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Limited data are available on the fate of clothianidin under realistic agricultural production conditions. The present study is the first large-scale assessment of clothianidin residues in soil and bee-relevant matrices from corn and canola fields after multiple years of seed-treatment use. The average soil concentration from 50 Midwest US corn fields with 2 yr to 11 yr of planting clothianidin-treated seeds was 7.0 ng/g, similar to predicted concentrations from a single planting of Poncho 250-treated corn seeds (6.3 ng/g). The water-extractable (i.e., plant-bioavailable) clothianidin residues in soil were only 10% of total residues. Clothianidin concentrations in soil reached a plateau concentration (amount applied equals amount dissipated) in fields with 4 or more application years. Concentrations in corn pollen from these fields were low (mean: 1.8 ng/g) with no correlation to total years of use or soil concentrations. For canola, soil concentrations from 27 Canadian fields with 2 yr to 4 yr of seed treatment use (mean = 5.7 ng/g) were not correlated with use history, and plant bioavailability was 6% of clothianidin soil residues. Average canola nectar concentrations were 0.6 ng/g and not correlated to use history or soil concentrations. Under typical cropping practices, therefore, clothianidin residues are not accumulating significantly in soil, plant bioavailability of residues in soil is limited, and exposure to pollinators will not increase over time in fields receiving multiple applications of clothianidin. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:311–321. © 2015 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Supplemental Health Insurance and Healthcare Consumption—A Dynamic Approach to Moral Hazard
Authors: Franc Carine , Perronnin Marc , Pierre Aurélie 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe analyze the existence and persistence of moral hazard over time to test the assumption of pent‐up demand. We consider the effects of supplemental health insurance provided by a private insurer when added to compulsory public insurance that is already supplemented by private insurance. Using original panel data from a French mutuelle, we study the influence of insurance on all of the dimensions of healthcare expenditures: (1) the probability of using health care, (2) the number of uses conditional on use, and (3) the per unit cost of care. To conduct this study, we control, to the extent possible, for endogeneity because of adverse selection using the characteristics of our panel data. Our study allows us to confirm a positive and significant effect of the extra complementary health insurance on healthcare consumption, primarily in terms of the probability of using care. More interestingly, our results show that these effects are principally transitory mainly for the probability of using dental care and optical care and depend on income. Finally, we show that individuals did not postpone health care before enrollment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Laboratory study of infiltration into two frozen engineered (sandy) soils recommended for bioretention
Authors: Moghadas S. , Gustafsson A‐M. , Viklander P. , Marsalek J. , Viklander M. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractInfiltration of water into two frozen engineered soils of different gradation was studied in laboratory soil columns 1.2 m long and 0.1 m in diameter. Prior to testing, the soil moisture was adjusted to two levels, described by the gravimetric water content of 5% or 10%, and soils were compacted to about 80–90% of the maximum dry density and refrigerated to temperatures ranging from −8 to −2 °C. Water with temperatures 8–9 °C was thereafter fed on the top of columns at a constant head, and the times of water breakthrough in the column and reaching a steady percolation rate, as well as the percolation rate, were recorded. The soil water content was a critical factor affecting the thawing process; during freezing, soil moisture was converted into ice, which blocked pores, and its melting required high amounts of energy supplied by infiltrating water. Hence, the thawing of soils with higher initial water content was much slower than in lower moisture soils, and water breakthrough and the attainment of steady percolation required much longer times in higher moisture soils. Heat transfer between infiltrating water, soil ice, and frozen soil particles was well described by the energy budget equations, which constitute a parsimonious model of the observed processes. The finer grained soil and more compacted soil columns exhibited reduced porosity and required longer times for soil thawing. Practical implications of study results for design of bioretention facilities (BFs) in cold climate include the use of coarse engineered soils and fitting bioretention facilities with a drain facilitating soil drainage before the onset of freezing weather. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anti‐sarcopenic effects of diamino‐diphenyl sulfone observed in elderly female leprosy survivors: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Lee Sang Yoon , Kim Won , Park Hee‐Won , Park Sang Chul , Kim In Kwon , Chung Sun G. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundIt has been reported that 4,4′‐diamino‐diphenyl sulfone (DDS), the longtime treatment of choice for leprosy, prolongs the lifespan and increases mobility in animal models by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species and inhibiting muscle pyruvate kinase activity. This study aimed to investigate whether sarcopenic status in leprosy survivors was influenced by recent history of DDS medication.MethodsForty‐one elderly female leprosy survivors were recruited. The DDS group was defined as survivors who had been taking the drug for the past year or more. Body composition measured by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry, limb muscle strength, short physical performance battery, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire in Korean were compared.ResultsThe DDS group tended to have higher skeletal muscle mass index (24.4 ± 2.7 vs. 22.6 ± 2.2%, P = 0.066) and regional skeletal muscle mass index in non‐dominant leg (8.9 ± 1.0 vs. 7.9 ± 0.9%, P = 0.018) than those of the control group although they had significantly worse leprosy disability than the control group (P = 0.027). The DDS group had greater strength than the control group in non‐dominant shoulder abductor, elbow flexor, hip flexor, and knee extensor (P = 0.005, P = 0.029, P = 0.021, and P = 0.002, respectively). Weekly walking amount was significantly longer (P = 0.020) in the DDS group than the control group. The total lifetime DDS exposure significantly correlated with skeletal muscle mass of the lower extremity in non‐dominant leg (r = 0.379, P = 0.015).ConclusionsDDS‐taking leprosy survivors had larger skeletal muscle mass and greater muscle strength over non‐taking survivors. There was a dose–response relationship between total lifetime DDS exposure and skeletal muscle mass of lower extremity. These findings might suggest potential anti‐sarcopenic effects of DDS.
High prevalence of human papillomavirus type 58 in HIV infected men who have sex with men: A preliminary report in Central Italy
Authors: Sammarco Michela Lucia , Ucciferri Claudio , Tamburro Manuela , Falasca Katia , Ripabelli Giancarlo , Vecchiet Jacopo 
Published: October 2015

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and type‐specific prevalence at anal, oral, coronal sulcus, and urethral mucosa in fifty HIV positive men having sex with men (MSM) were evaluated; patients were enrolled in a non‐metropolitan area of Central Italy. Clinical and socio‐demographic information, drug, and sexual behaviors were obtained for each participant. HPV was detected by PCR from an overall of 200 specimens, and genotyping was performed by both Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis and sequencing.HPV DNA was found in 60.0% (n = 30) of HIV positive MSM, and prevalence was higher at anal canal (n = 28, 56.0%) compared to all the other anatomical sites (χ2 test P < 0.01) of coronal sulcus (n = 11, 22.0%), oral (n = 8, 16.0%), and urethral mucosa (n = 5, 10.0%). We found 63.3% (n = 19) of MSM with at least one high‐risk genotype, and HPV‐58 was more frequently detected (n = 9, 47.4%) respect to HPV‐16 (n = 6, 31.6%).This is the first report on HPV detected at four anatomical sites involved in sexual practices in HIV positive MSM. We found an unusual distribution of oncogenic genotypes with an exceeding prevalence of HPV‐58 respect to HPV‐16. Hence, the recently licensed nonavalent vaccine should be suitable to prevent a larger number of infections caused by potentially emerging high‐risk genotypes. J. Med. Virol. 88:911–914, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Technology‐Enhanced Stepped Collaborative Care Targeting Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Comorbidity After Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zatzick Douglas , O'Connor Stephen S. , Russo Joan , Wang Jin , Bush Nigel , Love Jeff , Peterson Roselyn , Ingraham Leah , Darnell Doyanne , Whiteside Lauren , Van Eaton Erik 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its comorbidities are endemic among injured trauma survivors. Previous collaborative care trials targeting PTSD after injury have been effective, but they have required intensive clinical resources. The present pragmatic clinical trial randomized acutely injured trauma survivors who screened positive on an automated electronic medical record PTSD assessment to collaborative care intervention (n = 60) and usual care control (n = 61) conditions. The stepped measurement‐based intervention included care management, psychopharmacology, and psychotherapy elements. Embedded within the intervention were a series of information technology (IT) components. PTSD symptoms were assessed with the PTSD Checklist at baseline prerandomization and again, 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐months postinjury. IT utilization was also assessed. The technology‐assisted intervention required a median of 2.25 hours (interquartile range = 1.57 hours) per patient. The intervention was associated with modest symptom reductions, but beyond the margin of statistical significance in the unadjusted model: F(2, 204) = 2.95, p = .055. The covariate adjusted regression was significant: F(2, 204) = 3.06, p = .049. The PTSD intervention effect was greatest at the 3‐month (Cohen's effect size d = 0.35, F(1, 204) = 4.11, p = .044) and 6‐month (d = 0.38, F(1, 204) = 4.10, p = .044) time points. IT‐enhanced collaborative care was associated with modest PTSD symptom reductions and reduced delivery times; the intervention model could potentially facilitate efficient PTSD treatment after injury.
The Cycle of Violence: Associations Between Exposure to Violence, Trauma‐Related Symptoms and Aggression—Findings from Congolese Refugees in Uganda
Authors: Hecker Tobias , Fetz Simon , Ainamani Herbert , Elbert Thomas 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWar‐related trauma exposure has been linked to aggression and enhanced levels of community and family violence, suggesting a cycle of violence. Reactive aggression—an aggressive reaction to a perceived threat—has been associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In contrast, appetitive aggression—a hedonic, intrinsically motivated form of aggression—seems to be negatively related to PTSD in offender and military populations. This study examined the associations between exposure to violence, trauma‐related symptoms and aggression in a civilian population. In semistructured interviews, 290 Congolese refugees were questioned about trauma exposure, PTSD symptoms, and aggression. War‐related trauma exposure correlated positively with exposure to family and community violence in the past month (r = .31, p < .001), and appetitive (r = .18, p = .002) and reactive aggression (r = .29, p < .001). The relationship between war‐related trauma exposure and reactive aggressive behavior was mediated by PTSD symptoms and appetitive aggression. In a multiple sequential regression analysis, trauma exposure (β = .43, p < .001) and reactive aggression (β = .36, p < .001) were positively associated with PTSD symptoms, whereas appetitive aggression was negatively associated (β = −.13, p = .007) with PTSD symptoms. Our findings were congruent with the cycle of violence hypothesis and indicate a differential relation between distinct subtypes of aggression and PTSD.