bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smartphone-based distress screening, information provision, and psychotherapy for reducing psychological distress among AYA cancer survivors: protocol for a fully decentralized multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Akechi Tatsuo , Furukawa Toshi A , Hashimoto Hiroya , Harada Yoshihiko , Ito Yoshinori , Furukawa Yosuke , Kitano Atsuko , Maeda Naoko , Kojima Yuki , Tada Yuma , Watanabe Atsuko , Kurata Akiko , Matsubara Toshio , Sakurai Naomi , Uchitomi Yosuke , Okamura Masako , Fujimori Maiko 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a common and distressing condition among adolescents and young adults (AYAs). This study aims to investigate the efficacy of digital interventions, including distress screening-based information provision and smartphone problem-solving therapy, on common psychological distress, especially FCR, in AYA patients with cancer. Participants will be 224 AYA outpatients with cancer aged 15–39 years who will be randomly assigned to either an 8-week smartphone-based intervention or a waitlist control group. This intervention includes smartphone-based distress screening, information provision, and psychotherapy (problem-solving therapy). The primary endpoint will be the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory–Short Form score at week 8. This study will be conducted as a fully decentralized, randomized, and multicenter trial. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Nagoya City University on 19 April 2024 (ID: 46-23-0005).
Trial registration: UMIN-CTR: UMIN000054583.
Duration of α-1 adrenergic antagonist administration after low-dose-rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Onishi Kenta , Nakai Yasushi , Maesaka Fumisato , Tomizawa Mitsuru , Shimizu Takuto , Hori Shunta , Gotoh Daisuke , Miyake Makito , Yamaki Kaori , Asakawa Isao , Isohashi Fumiaki , Fujimoto Kiyohide , Tanaka Nobumichi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Urinary dysfunction is an adverse event of low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) in patients with prostate cancer. We aimed to examine the time to α-1 adrenergic antagonist withdrawal after LDR-BT initiation.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 1663 patients who underwent LDR-BT at our hospital during 2004–2022.

Results
Overall, 1485/1663 (89.3%) patients were able to stop using α-1 adrenergic antagonists, 1111 (66.8%) of them within 1 year of LDR-BT. Risk factors for prolonged time to withdrawal were age ≥70 years, taking agents for lower urinary tract symptoms prior to LDR-BT, an International Prostate Symptom Score ≥8, an Overactive Bladder Symptom Score ≥3 and a residual urine volume ≥20 ml. Of the patients who were able to stop taking α-1 adrenergic antagonists, 357/1485 (24.0%) required resumption, 218 (61.1%) of whom did so between 1 and 3 years after LDR-BT. This period matched the period of transient worsening of the urinary symptom score. Finally, multivariable analysis identified supplemental external beam radiotherapy and an Overactive Bladder Symptom Score ≥3 as independent risk factors for α-1 adrenergic antagonist resumption.

Conclusions
Withdrawal of α-1 adrenergic antagonists was possible in 66.8% of patients within 1 year of LDR-BT. Our results suggest that patients who are older or have pre-treatment LUTS may have prolonged deterioration of urinary dysfunction after treatment. Resumption of α-1 adrenergic antagonists 1–3 years after treatment may be associated with urinary symptom flares, and close attention is necessary for patients with supplemental external beam radiotherapy and a high pretreatment Overactive Bladder Symptom Score.
The potential of plant growth-promoting bacteria isolated from arid heavy metal contaminated environments in alleviating salt and water stresses in alfalfa
Authors: Raklami Anas , Slimani Aiman , Oufdou Khalid , Jemo Martin , Bechtaoui Noura , Imziln Boujamaa , Meddich Abdelilah , Navarro-Torre Salvadora , Rodríguez-Llorente Ignacio D , Pajuelo Eloísa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Co-evolution of plant beneficial microbes in contaminated environments enhances plant growth and mitigates abiotic stress. However, few studies on heavy metal (HM) tolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) promoting crop growth in Morocco’s farming areas affected by drought and salinity are available. Plant associated bacteria tolerant to HM and able to produce indole acetic acid and siderophores, display ACC-deaminase activity and solubilize phosphate, were isolated from long-term metal exposed environments. Tolerance to HM and biofilms formation in the absence or presence of HM were assessed. A consortium including two Ensifer meliloti strains (RhOL6 and RhOL8), one Pseudomonas sp. strain (DSP17), and one Proteus sp. strain (DSP1), was used to inoculate alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seedlings under various conditions, namely, salt stress (85 mM) and water stress (30% water holding capacity). Shoot and root dry weights of alfalfa were measured 60 days after sowing. In the presence of HM, DSP17 showed the greatest auxin production, whereas RhOL8 had the highest ACC-deaminase activity and DSP17 formed the densest biofilm. Root dry weight increased 138% and 195% in salt and water stressed plants, respectively, regarding non-inoculated controls. Our results confirm the improvement of alfalfa growth and mitigation of salt and drought stress upon inoculation.
Long range segmentation of prokaryotic genomes by gene age and functionality
Authors: Wolf Yuri I , Schurov Ilya V , Makarova Kira S , Katsnelson Mikhail I , Koonin Eugene V 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Bacterial and archaeal genomes encompass numerous operons that typically consist of two to five genes. On larger scales, however, gene order is poorly conserved through the evolution of prokaryotes. Nevertheless, non-random localization of different classes of genes on prokaryotic chromosomes could reflect important functional and evolutionary constraints. We explored the patterns of genomic localization of evolutionarily conserved (ancient) and variable (young) genes across the diversity of bacteria and archaea. Nearly all bacterial and archaeal chromosomes were found to encompass large segments of 100–300 kb that were significantly enriched in either ancient or young genes. Similar clustering of genes with lethal knockout phenotype (essential genes) was observed as well. Mathematical modeling of genome evolution suggests that this long-range gene clustering in prokaryotic chromosomes reflects perpetual genome rearrangement driven by a combination of selective and neutral processes rather than evolutionary conservation.
Force-enhanced sensitive and specific detection of DNA-intercalative agents directly from microorganisms at single-molecule level
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Cai Teng , Huo Junfeng , Liu Hongwei , Li Aiying , Yin Meng , Mei Yan , Zhou Yueyue , Fan Sijun , Lu Yao , Wan Luosheng , You Huijuan , Cai Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Microorganisms can produce a vast array of bioactive secondary metabolites, including DNA-intercalating agents like actinomycin D, doxorubicin, which hold great potential for cancer chemotherapy. However, discovering novel DNA-intercalating compounds remains challenging due to the limited sensitivity and specificity of conventional activity assays, which require large-scale fermentation and purification. Here, we introduced the single-molecule stretching assay (SMSA) directly to microbial cultures or extracts for discovering DNA-intercalating agents, even in trace amounts of microbial cultures (5 μl). We showed that the unique changes of dsDNA in contour length and overstretching transition enable the specific detection of intercalators from complex samples without the need for extensive purification. Applying force to dsDNA also enhanced the sensitivity by increasing both the binding affinity Ka and the quantity of ligands intercalation, thus allowing the detection of weak intercalators, which are often overlooked using traditional methods. We demonstrated the effectiveness of SMSA, identified two DNA intercalator-producing strains: Streptomyces tanashiensis and Talaromyces funiculosus, and isolated three DNA intercalators: medermycin, kalafungin and ligustrone B. Interestingly, both medermycin and kalafungin, classified as weak DNA intercalators (Ka ∼103 M–1), exhibited potent anti-cancer activity against HCT-116 cancer cells, with IC50 values of 52 ± 6 and 70 ± 7 nM, respectively.
Lisavanbulin (BAL101553), a novel microtubule inhibitor, plus radiation in patients with newly diagnosed, MGMT promoter unmethylated glioblastoma
Authors: Holdhoff Matthias , Ye Xiaobu , Strowd Roy E , Nabors Burt , Walbert Tobias , Lieberman Frank S , Bagley Stephen J , Fiveash John B , Fisher Joy D , Desideri Serena , Surakus Trisha , Engelhardt Marc , Kaindl Thomas , Lane Heidi A , Litherland Karine , Grossman Stuart A , Kleinberg Lawrence R 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Lisavanbulin (BAL101553) is a small, lipophilic, oral microtubule destabilizer with promising antitumoral activity observed in preclinical glioblastoma (GBM) models.

Methods
This multicenter phase 1 study sought to determine the MTD of oral Lisavanbulin in combination with standard RT (60 Gy/30 fractions) but without temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed MGMT promoter unmethylated GBM (uGBM). Dose escalation followed a modified 3 + 3 design. Secondary objectives included estimation of OS and PFS and pharmacokinetic analysis.

Results
Twenty-six patients with uGBM (median age, 63 years, 42.3% male, 61.5% with gross total resection, median Karnofsky performance status 80) were enrolled; 2 tumors had an IDH1 mutation. Predefined dose levels of Lisavanbulin, administered daily concomitantly with RT, were: 4 mg (5 pts), 6 mg (5 pts), 8 mg (7 pts), 12 mg (5 pts), and 15 mg (4 pts). The initial starting dose was 8 mg. Due to grade 4 aseptic meningoencephalitis in the first patient, the dose was decreased to 4 mg. Dose escalation resumed and continued to 15 mg with dose-limiting toxicities of grade 2 confusion and memory impairment observed at 12 mg. Avanbulin exposures increased in a relatively dose-proportional manner with increasing oral dose of Lisavanbulin from 4 to 15 mg.

Conclusions
Lisavanbulin in combination with RT was considered safe up to the highest predefined oral dose level of 15 mg daily.
FERONIA regulates salt tolerance in Arabidopsis by controlling photorespiratory flux
Authors: Jiang Wei , Wang Zhihao , Li Yali , Liu Xin , Ren Yuying , Li Chao , Luo Shengji , Singh Rahul Mohan , Li Yan , Kim Chanhong , Zhao Chunzhao 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Photorespiration is an energetically costly metabolic pathway in plants that responds to environmental stresses. The molecular basis of the regulation of the photorespiratory cycle under stress conditions remains unclear. Here, we discovered that FERONIA (FER) regulates photorespiratory flow under salt stress in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). FER mutation results in hypersensitivity to salt stress, but disruption of ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase 1 (GLU1), an enzyme that participates in the photorespiratory pathway by producing glutamate, greatly suppresses fer-4 hypersensitivity to salt stress primarily due to reduced glycine yield. In contrast, disrupting mitochondrial serine hydroxymethyltransferase1 (SHM1), which is supposed to increase glycine levels by hampering the conversion of glycine to serine in the photorespiratory cycle, aggravates fer-4 hypersensitivity to salt stress. Biochemical data show that FER interacts with and phosphorylates SHM1, and this phosphorylation modulates SHM1 stability. Additionally, the production of proline and its intermediate △1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C), which are both synthesized from glutamate, also contributes to fer-4 hypersensitivity to salt stress. In conclusion, this study elucidates the functional mechanism of FER in regulating salt tolerance by modulating photorespiratory flux, which greatly broadens our understanding of how plants adapt to high salinity.
The New Satanic Panic
Authors: Klofstad Casey , Christley Olyvia , Diekman Amanda , Enders Adam , Funchion John , Hemm Ashley , Kübler Sandra , Littrell Shane , Murthi Manohar , Premaratne Kamal , Seelig Michelle , Verdear Daniel , Wuchty Stefan , Uscinski Joseph E 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
A moral panic animated by conspiracy theories alleging ritual sex abuse swept through the United States in the 1980s. During that “Satanic Panic,” as it came to be known, people expressed fears of social change regarding gender and sexuality. Beginning in 2022, conservative politicians, pundits, and pastors in the United States levied similar accusations of child grooming, sex trafficking, and satanic sex abuse at the LGBTQ + community, teachers, liberals, and entertainment companies; these accusations were accompanied by repressive legislation and violence. Despite their political salience, little is known about the people who believe these accusations. Using a 2022 U.S. national survey (N = 2,001), we find that up to one-third of Americans believe accusations of satanic cult abuse, government sex trafficking, and an “agenda” to “groom” children into gay or trans lifestyles. These beliefs are correlated with a range of political attitudes (e.g., positive views of Donald Trump, Vladimir Putin, and white nationalists) and policy preferences (e.g., overturning Roe v. Wade), as well as with normative (e.g., a desire to run for political office) and nonnormative (e.g., the acceptance of political violence) political intentions and behaviors. Regression analysis further reveals that these conspiracy theory beliefs are positively associated with dark psychological traits, antiestablishment orientations, and repressive views toward sex and gender. Our findings suggest that these accusations can spark dehumanization and deadly violence by mobilizing into politics people who possess strong feelings of political efficacy, but also antisocial traits, nonnormative tendencies, and a desire to undermine established political institutions.
Self-Medication Paths
Authors: Audet Claudie , Bertrand Christian , Martel Marc O. , Pinard Anne Marie , Bérubé Mélanie , Lacasse Anaïs 
Published: August 2024

Objectives:
Cannabis is used by one-third of people living with chronic pain to alleviate their symptoms despite warnings from several organizations regarding its efficacy and safety. We currently know little about self-medication practices (use of cannabis for therapeutic purposes without guidance), mainly since the legalization of recreational cannabis in countries such as Canada has expanded the scope of this phenomenon. This study aimed to describe legal cannabis self-medication for pain relief in people living with chronic pain and to explore perceptions of the effectiveness and safety of cannabis.

Methods:
A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed among 73 individuals living with chronic pain and using cannabis (Quebec, Canada). Data collection using telephone interviews occurred in early 2023.

Results:
Results indicated that 61.6% of participants reported using cannabis without the guidance of a health care professional (self-medication). Surprisingly, among those, 40.0% held a medical authorization. Overall, 20.6% of study participants were using both medical and legal nonmedical cannabis. Different pathways to self-medication were revealed. Proportion of women versus men participants self-medicating were 58.2% versus 70.6% (P=0.284). In terms of perceptions, 90.4% of the sample perceived cannabis to be effective for pain management; 72.6% estimated that it posed no or minimal health risk.

Discussion:
Cannabis research is often organized around medical versus nonmedical cannabis but in the real-world, those 2 vessels are connected. Interested parties, including researchers, health care professionals, and funding agencies, need to consider this. Patients using cannabis feel confident in the safety of cannabis, and many of them self-medicate, which calls for action.
The Botulinum Toxin Innovation: From Powder to Liquid
Authors: Lee Wooshun , Jung Hyun Ho 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Botulinum toxin (BoNT) has evolved as a popular treatment for various medical and aesthetic conditions since the 1980s. The emergence of new liquid formulation BoNT products in the industry highlights the need to evaluate the value and advantages of these modern formulations.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this review was to assess and compare the expected difference in practice between liquid and powder formulation BoNT products.

PAITENTS AND METHODS/MATERIALS
This article involves a review of pertinent guidelines, product information from manufacturers, available database for safety reports, and survey results.

RESULTS
Guidelines and safety reports have pointed out potential risks in the reconstitution process, while medication preparation steps are simplified in liquid formulation.

CONCLUSION
The shift toward ready-to-use liquid products can mitigate risks related with reconstitution errors and potentially enhancing patient care by saving time and cost associated with medication preparation.
Neurotoxins and Combination Therapies
Authors: Gawey Lauren , Saedi Nazanin , Hausauer Amelia 
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND
Facial aging involves multilevel changes, extending from the skin to deep support structures. A comprehensive treatment approach targeting the many aspects of facial dynamics and architecture is often necessary to achieve optimal correction, prevent changes before they occur, and/or help highlight inherited features.

OBJECTIVE
To explore the integration of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) into multimodal aesthetic treatment plans.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
This article reviews evidence supporting the combination of BoNT-A with other minimally invasive cosmetic therapies, including dermal fillers, lasers, and energy-based devices as well as with plastic and reconstructive surgeries for more controlled healing and improved scar cosmesis.

RESULTS
Combination treatment protocols including BoNT-A demonstrate higher patient satisfaction and retention rates compared to monotherapy or sequential treatments. Some guidelines for sequencing of treatments exist, but evidence is scant with certain combinations.

CONCLUSION
Integrating BoNT-A into a larger aesthetic treatment plan is crucial for achieving natural and satisfying results in facial rejuvenation. Evidence supports better outcomes when incorporating with both surgical and nonsurgical modalities. Understanding how to address anatomy over time through different aesthetic therapies together allows for individually tailored, more deeply impactful treatment plans.
Consensus Recommendations for Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome from the INTOS Workgroup
Authors: Chim Harvey , Hagan Robert R. ,   INTOS Workgroup
Published: August 2024

Background:
There is significant variation in methods used for diagnosis and treatment of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (NTOS). The lack of definitions and criteria for diagnosis as well as controversy in treatment options hampers standardized reporting of outcomes. In the orthopedic and plastic hand surgery literature, there are not standardized guidelines to direct evidence-based practice for hand surgeons relating to NTOS. Hence, expert consensus may provide guidance for clinical practice.

Methods:
An international workgroup of 21 expert hand surgeons with cumulative experience of 5519 NTOS procedures was assembled. The Delphi method was used to arrive at consensus recommendations to guide diagnosis, treatment, surgery, and postoperative management of patients with NTOS.

Results:
The workgroup achieved majority (greater than 75%) consensus with 17 statements. A modified version of the Society for Vascular Surgery clinical diagnostic criteria is recommended for diagnosis of NTOS. The elevated arm stress test and Tinel sign are recommended as provocative maneuvers. A cervical spine or chest radiograph should be routinely obtained preoperatively. Conservative management should be first line for NTOS, except in patients with significant muscle atrophy or weakness. An anterior supraclavicular approach is recommended for exposure of the supraclavicular brachial plexus, with the necessity for an additional infraclavicular approach or adjunctive surgeries indicated for specific patients.

Conclusions:
Standardized consensus guidelines help guide management of NTOS by specialized hand surgeons, with an aim toward standardizing criteria for diagnosis and treatment of patients as well as measures and tools used for research and reporting of outcomes.
Nail Bed Regeneration by Excision of Distal Scarred Matrix in a Patient with Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
Authors: Yakaback Spencer K.J. , Wu Mofei A. , St. Denis-Katz Hannah N. , Knox Aaron D.C. 
Published: August 2024

Summary:
Onycholysis secondary to nail bed scarring can be a challenging problem for hand surgeons, given the relatively few techniques available for nail bed lengthening. Here, we present the case of a patient with upper extremity onycholysis, secondary to porphyria cutanea tarda. We used a technique first described by Lemperle et al in 2003 to successfully lengthen the nail bed and improve the appearance of the nail plate. This involved full-thickness excision of a crescent-shaped wedge of the distal nail bed in all five right sided digits in a single operation. We found this technique to be simple and effective, meeting our patient’s goals after just one excision.
Coronary artery bypass grafting in acute coronary syndromes: modern indications and approaches
Authors: Sandner Sigrid , Florian Alissa , Ruel Marc 
Published: August 2024

Purpose of review
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with approximately 1.2 million hospitalizations annually in the U.S. This review aims to explore the contemporary evidence regarding revascularization strategies, including percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), in ACS patients. It also addresses the unresolved questions concerning the optimal procedural aspects of surgery and antithrombotic therapy for secondary prevention postsurgery.

Recent findings
Recent studies highlight that while PCI is generally preferred for its timeliness in high-risk non-ST-elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS) patients, CABG offers a benefit in terms of cardiovascular events in those with multivessel disease, particularly in the presence of diabetes and higher coronary disease complexity. For ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), CABG is less frequently utilized due to the preference for primary PCI, but it remains crucial for patients with complex anatomy or failed PCI. Furthermore, the optimal timing and type of antiplatelet therapy post-CABG remain controversial, with current evidence supporting the use of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) to reduce ischemic events but necessitating careful management to balance bleeding risks.

Summary
In patients with ACS, the choice between PCI and CABG depends on the complexity of coronary disease and patient comorbidities. CABG is particularly beneficial for multivessel disease in NSTE-ACS and specific STEMI cases where PCI is not feasible. The management of antiplatelet therapy postsurgery requires a nuanced approach to minimize bleeding risks while preventing thrombotic complications. Further randomized clinical trials are needed to solidify these findings and guide clinical practice.