bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All‐Photonic Synapses for Biomimetic Ocular System
Authors: Zhang Yincheng , Chen Hao , Sun Wanqi , Hou Yuqi , Cai Yunhao , Huang Hui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe human visual system to process real‐time light signals and safeguard against excessive light exposure serves as a model for artificial vision systems. Despite the wide use of optoelectronic synaptic devices in such simulations, their complex circuitry and high energy consumption have impeded further development. Herein, a biomimetic ocular system utilizing organic all‐photonic synapses is constructed to realize sensation, memory, processing, and protective light reflex abilities. The synaptic performances are facially regulated by simple molecular engineering to afford a record PPF value of 430%. Impressively, a large area (400 cm2) synaptic device with a high uniformity (96%) exhibited four fundamental functions of an ocular system for the first time, which significantly simplified the circuit system and reduced energy consumption. This work provides a facial strategy to construct all‐photonic synapses, holding great potential in prosthetics and neurorobotics.
Surface Gradient Ni‐Rich Cathode for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Huan , Yuan Huihui , Dai Zhongqin , Feng Sheng , Zheng Mengting , Zheng Chujun , Jin Jun , Wu Meifen , Wu Xiangwei , Lu Jun , Lu Yan , Wen Zhaoyin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNickel‐rich layered oxide cathode material LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM) has emerged as a promising candidate for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). These cathode materials possess high theoretical specific capacity, fast electron/ion transfer rate, and high output voltage. However, their potential is impeded by interface instability, irreversible phase transition, and the resultant significant capacity loss, limiting their practical application in LIBs. In this work, a simple and scalable approach is proposed to prepare gradient cathode material (M‐NCM) with excellent structural stability and rate performance. Taking advantage of the strong coordination of Ni2+ with ammonia and the reduction reaction of KMnO4, the elemental compositions of the Ni‐rich cathode are reasonably adjusted. The resulted gradient compositional design plays a crucial role in stabilizing the crystal structure, which effectively mitigates Li/Ni mixing and suppresses unwanted surficial parasitic reactions. As a result, the M‐NCM cathode maintains 98.6% capacity after 200 cycles, and a rapid charging ability of 107.5 mAh g−1 at 15 C. Furthermore, a 1.2 Ah pouch cell configurated with graphite anode demonstrates a lifespan of over 500 cycles with only 8% capacity loss. This work provides a simple and scalable approach for the in situ construction of gradient cathode materials via cooperative coordination and deposition reactions.
Chiral Cationic Chromophores: A New Class of Efficient Ultrabroadband Organic THz Crystals
Authors: Yang Jeong‐A , Lee Chae‐Won , Kim Chaeyoon , Auer Michael , Yu In Cheol , OH Jungkwon , Yoon Woojin , Yun Hoseop , Kim Dongwook , Jazbinsek Mojca , Rotermund Fabian , Kwon O‐Pil 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA strategic approach to develop efficient ultra‐broadband terahertz (THz) crystals involves the incorporation of different electron donating groups (EDGs) into cationic chromophores. In contrast to the widely utilized non‐cyclic 4‐(dimethylamino)phenyl (DA) EDG, cyclic 5‐membered 4‐(2‐(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine‐1‐yl)phenyl (PB) and cyclic 6‐membered 4‐(3‐(hydroxymethyl)piperidin‐1‐yl)phenyl (PN) EDGs exhibit an asymmetrical shape with a strongly interacting hydroxymethyl group at the chiral center. Notably, the PB EDG shows narrower intrinsic vibrational states with lower conformational flexibility and smaller ring flips compared to the PN EDG. In the crystalline state, introducing the PB EDG leads to the formation of a new class of nonlinear optical assembly, the so‐called stair‐type cation‐anion assembly. This assembly demonstrates optimal chromophore alignment with state‐of‐the‐art effective first hyperpolarizability (209 × 10−30 esu). Furthermore, the PB EDG‐based crystals exhibit significantly lower THz absorption compared to previously reported benchmark crystals. In THz wave generation experiments, PB EDG‐based crystals demonstrate state‐of‐the‐art efficiency and ultrabroad spectral bandwidth, featuring a cut‐off frequency of up to 16 THz.
Insight on Strain Relaxation Effect in Perovskites for High‐Temperature Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Kim Hyunmin , Lim Chaesung , Gu Jiamin , Jeong Hu Young , Han Jeong Woo , Jang Ji‐Hyun , Bu Yunfei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe size of in situ exsolved nanoparticles (NPs) significantly affects the electrochemical and electro‐catalytic properties of oxide supports. Unfortunately, the instrumental factor affecting the exsolved NP size in poly‐crystalline perovskite oxides is still unexplored. Herein, the inherent micro‐strain (ε) value as an unprecedented factor in controlling the exsolved NP size of Pr0.5Ba0.5‐xSrxFe0.85Ni0.15O3‐δ (x = 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) is introduced, wherein smaller NP size is successfully obtained via strain relaxation strategy. The effect of exsolved NP size on the fuel oxidation reaction kinetics at high‐temperature regimes is evaluated in‐depth by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In accordance with the insights provided by DFT calculations, the electro‐catalyst featuring the smallest Fe3Ni NP size via strain relaxation strategy demonstrates exceptional electrochemical performance along with robust durability toward high‐temperature hydrogen oxidation reaction. This work presents scientific guidance for tailoring the exsolved NP size in perovskites, thereby paving the way for designing rational perovskite electro‐catalysts in various energy‐related applications.
Highly Asymmetric CuSA‐Ov‐Ti3c Atomic Sites Catalyst for Unprecedented Solar Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Kumar Dileep , Mishra Ankit , Shubham  , Hemant  , Bhattacharjee Sudip , Urkude Rajashri R. , Ghosh Biplab , Bhaumik Asim , Sinha Anil Kumar , Sinha A. S. K. , Amoli Vipin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAtomic‐level tailoring of active sites is an efficient strategy for designing high‐performance photocatalysts for clean energy. Asymmetric atomic sites (AAS) like MSA‐Ov‐M2 created through hetero‐metal single atoms (MSA) doping on defect‐rich metal oxides (M2‐Ov‐M2) are favored for better activation of targeted molecules. However, creating AAS typically demands high energy input, hindering their widespread use in photocatalytic H2 production. Furthermore, precise control over surface defects to create AAS remains challenging. Here, CuSA‐Ov‐Ti3c highly asymmetric atomic sites catalyst (HAASC) is constructed by strategically trapping Cu single atoms on high‐index (111) faceted TiO2. This material combines single‐atom catalysis and facet engineering, achieving unprecedented H2 production rates (8.3 mmol h−1 g−1 in pure water and 784.5 mmol h−1 g−1 in water/methanol mixture). Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal CuSA substituting five‐coordinated Ti atoms (Ti5c) next to three‐coordinated (Ti3c) ones, forming CuSA‐Ov‐Ti3c HAAS. HAAS plays multiple roles in i) improving light harvesting, charge‐transfer dynamics, and redox capability of photoexcited electrons; ii) enhanced adsorption and polarization of H2O molecules; iii) facilitating electron transfer from CuSA‐Ov‐Ti3c to H2O molecules, and iv) raising d‐band center toward Fermi level resulting in ≈250‐fold enhanced H2 production than Ti5c‐O‐Ti3c AASC. This work opens new avenues for future structural designs in heterogeneous catalysis for energy‐related applications.
Sulfato‐β‐cyclodextrin induced multivalent supramolecular directional aggregation of cyanovinylene derivatives for achieving reversible near‐infrared fluorescence
Authors: Liu Zhixue , Chen Haiqi , Tian Mengdi , Sun Xinyao , Li Yong‐Xue , Wu Jie , Wang Ruotong , Li Bin , Li Chunju , Liu Yu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMolecular aggregation or supramolecular aggregation‐induced emission is one of the research hotspots in chemistry, biology, and materials. Herein, we report negatively charged sulfato‐β‐cyclodextrin (SCD) induced cyanovinylene derivatives (DPy‐6C) directional aggregation to form regular nanorods (DPy‐6C@SCD) through supramolecular multivalent interactions, not only achieves ultraviolet‐visible absorption redshifted from 453 to 521 nm but also displays near‐infrared (NIR) aggregation‐induced emission with a large spectral redshift of 135 nm. The DPy‐6C monomer presents random nanosheets with weak fluorescence but obtains regular aggregates after assembly with SCD through electrostatic interactions. In the presence of H+, the DPy‐6C@SCD can further aggregate into elliptical nanosheets without fluorescence changes due to the protonation of secondary amines. In contrast, the morphology of DPy‐6C@SCD becomes flexible and sticks together upon the addition of OH− with an emission blue shift of 72 nm and a 90‐fold intensity increase because of disrupting the stacking mode of aggregates, thereby achieving acid‐base regulated reversible fluorescence behaviors that cannot be realized by DPy‐6C monomer. The DPy‐6C@SCD can efficiently select the detection of volatile organic amines both in liquid and gas phases within 5 s at the nanomolar level. Taking advantage of RGB analysis and calculation formula application, the DPy‐6C@SCD has been successfully used to monitor various organic amines on a smartphone, accompanied by naked‐eye visible photoluminescence. Therefore, the present research provides an efficient directional aggregation method through supramolecular multivalent interactions, which not only realizes topological morphology transformation but also achieves reversible NIR luminescent molecular switch and high sensitivity organic amines fluorescent sensing devices.
Two siblings with acute necrotizing encephalopathy associated with variants of LARS1
Authors: Uehara Takeshi , Seki Eijun , Nonoda Yutaka , Kumaki Tatsuro , Tsuyusaki Yu , Aida Noriko , Enomoto Yumi , Ishikura Kenji , Kurosawa Kenji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAcute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rapidly progressive encephalopathy of unknown etiology. The underlying mechanisms are highly heterogeneous, often including genetic backgrounds. Variants of LARS1, encoding the leucyl‐tRNA synthetase 1, are responsible for infantile liver failure syndrome 1. We describe two siblings with ANE caused by compound heterozygous variants of LARS1. Patient 1 was a 17‐month‐old girl. She presented with generalized seizure and liver dysfunction due to influenza type A infection. Brain magnetic resonance imaging on day 4 of onset showed diffuse high‐intensity signals consistent with ANE. She died on day 10. Patient 2, a younger male sibling of patient 1, had mild to moderate developmental delay and growth failure at the age of 18 months. He showed a markedly elevated level of transaminases triggered by infection with human herpesvirus 6. On day 4 of onset, he had generalized seizures. Brain computed tomography showed a diffuse symmetrical hypodensity consistent with ANE. He died on day 7. Whole exome sequencing identified the compound heterozygous variants in LARS1 (NM_020117.11) as c.83_88delinsAATGGGATA, p.(Arg28_Phe30delinsLysTryAspIle) and c.1283C>T, p.(Pro428Leu) in both siblings. The severe neurologic phenotype, found in our patients, reflects the complicated pathogenesis of LARS1‐related disorder.
COVID‐19 in a common woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha): First evidence of fatal outcome in a nonhuman primate after natural SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Diaz Eduardo A. , Sáenz Carolina , Cabrera Francisco , Rodríguez Javier , Carvajal Mateo , Barragán Verónica 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Since then, viral spread from humans to animals has occurred worldwide. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) have been found to be susceptible to reverse‐zoonosis transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2, but initial research suggested that platyrrhine primates are less susceptible than catarrhine primates. Here we report the natural SARS‐CoV‐2 infection of a common woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha) from a wildlife rehabilitation center in Ecuador. The course of the disease, the eventual death of the specimen, and the pathological findings are described. Our results show the susceptibility of a new platyrrhine species to SARS‐CoV‐2 and provide evidence for the first time of a COVID‐19‐associated death in a naturally infected NHP. The putative route of transmission from humans, and implications for captive NHPs management, are also discussed. Given that common woolly monkeys are at risk of extinction in Ecuador, further understanding of the potential threat of SARS‐CoV‐2 to their health should be a conservation priority. A One Health approach is the best way to protect NHPs from a new virus in the same way that we would protect the human population.
Manipulating the Spin State of Spinel Octahedral Sites via a π–π Type Orbital Coupling to Boost Water Oxidation
Authors: Guo Zhangtao , Zhu Qian , Wang Shaohua , Jiang Mengpei , Fan Xinxin , Zhang Wanyu , Han Mei , Wu Xiaotian , Hou Xiangyan , Zhang Yaowen , Shao Zhiyu , Shi Jingyu , Zhong Xia , Li Shuting , Wu Xiaofeng , Huang Keke , Feng Shouhua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSpin state is often regarded as the crucial valve to release the reactivity of energy‐related catalysts, yet it is also challenging to precisely manipulate, especially for the active center ions occupied at the specific geometric sites. Herein, a π–π type orbital coupling of 3d (Co)‐2p (O)‐4f (Ce) was employed to regulate the spin state of octahedral cobalt sites (CoOh) in the composite of Co3O4/CeO2. More specifically, the equivalent high‐spin ratio of CoOh can reach to 54.7 % via tuning the CeO2 content, thereby triggering the average eg filling (1.094) close to the theoretical optimum value. The corresponding catalyst exhibits a superior water oxidation performance with an overpotential of 251 mV at 10 mA cm−2, rivaling most cobalt‐based oxides state‐of‐the‐art. The π–π type coupling corroborated by the matched energy levels between Ce t1u/t2u‐O and CoOh t2g‐O π type bond in the calculated crystal orbital Hamilton population and partial density of states profiles, stimulates a π‐donation between O 2p and π‐symmetric Ce 4fyz2 orbital, consequently facilitating the electrons hopping from t2g to eg orbital of CoOh. This work offers an in‐depth insight into understanding the 4f and 3d orbital coupling for spin state optimization in composite oxides.
Total Syntheses of Streptamidine and Klebsazolicin Using Biomimetic On‐Resin Ring‐Closing Amidine Formation
Authors: Liu Shunhe , Tang Yang , Chen Sheng , Li Xuechen , Liu Han 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDiketopiperazine (DKP) derived cyclic amidine structures widely exist in peptide natural products according to the genome mining result. The largely unknown bioactivity and mode of action are partially caused by the poor availability of the compounds via microbiological and chemical approaches. To tackle this challenge, in this work, we have developed the on‐resin ring‐closing amidine formation strategy to synthesize peptides containing N‐terminal DKP derived cyclic amidine structure, in which the 6‐exo‐trig cyclization mediated by HgCl2 activation of thioamides was the key step. Leveraging from this new strategy, we finished the total syntheses of streptamidine and klebsazolicin. Meanwhile, eleven klebsazolicin analogues were synthesized for its structure–activity relationship study.
Biophysical aspects of migrasome organelle formation and their diverse cellular functions
Authors: Dharan Raviv , Sorkin Raya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe transient cellular organelles known as migrasomes, which form during cell migration along retraction fibers, have emerged as a crutial factor in various fundamental cellular processes and pathologies. These membrane vesicles originate from local membrane swellings, encapsulate specific cytoplasmic content, and are eventually released to the extracellular environment or taken up by recipient cells. Migrasome biogenesis entails a sequential membrane remodeling process involving a complex interplay between various molecular factors such as tetraspanin proteins, and mechanical properties like membrane tension and bending rigidity. In this review, we summarize recent studies exploring the mechanism of migrasome formation. We emphasize how physical forces, together with molecular factors, shape migrasome biogenesis, and detail the involvement of migrasomes in various cellular processes and pathologies. A comprehensive understanding of the exact mechanism underlying migrasome formation and the identification of key molecules involved hold promise for advancing their therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
Induction of resistance to neurotrophic tropomyosin‐receptor kinase inhibitors by HMGCS2 via a mevalonate pathway
Authors: Kato Yasuhiro , Matsumoto Masaru , Takano Natsuki , Hirao Mariko , Matsuda Kuniko , Tozuka Takehiro , Onda Naomi , Nakamichi Shinji , Takeuchi Susumu , Miyanaga Akihiko , Noro Rintaro , Gemma Akihiko , Seike Masahiro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionA neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK)‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has shown dramatic efficacy against malignant tumors harboring an NTRK fusion gene. However, almost all tumors eventually acquire resistance to NTRK‐TKIs.MethodTo investigate the mechanism of resistance to NTRK‐TKIs, we established cells resistant to three types of NTRK‐TKIs (larotrectinib, entrectinib, and selitrectinib) using KM12 colon cancer cells with a TPM3‐NTRK1 rearrangement.ResultOverexpression of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2) was observed in three resistant cells (KM12‐LR, KM12‐ER, and KM12‐SR) by microarray analysis. Lower expression of sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 2 (SREBP2) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) was found in two cells (KM12‐ER and KM12‐SR) in which HMGCS2 was overexpressed compared to the parental KM12 and KM12‐LR cells. In resistant cells, knockdown of HMGCS2 using small interfering RNA improved the sensitivity to NTRK‐TKI. Further treatment with mevalonolactone after HMGCS2 knockdown reintroduced the NTRK‐TKI resistance. In addition, simvastatin and silibinin had a synergistic effect with NTRK‐TKIs in resistant cells, and delayed tolerance was observed after sustained exposure to clinical concentrations of NTRK‐TKI and simvastatin in KM12 cells. In xenograft mouse models, combination treatment with entrectinib and simvastatin reduced resistant tumor growth compared with entrectinib alone.ConclusionThese results suggest that HMGCS2 overexpression induces resistance to NTRK‐TKIs via the mevalonate pathway in colon cancer cells. Statin inhibition of the mevalonate pathway may be useful for overcoming this mechanistic resistance.
Mitochondria fission accentuates oxidative stress in hyperglycemia‐induced H9c2 cardiomyoblasts in vitro by regulating fatty acid oxidation
Authors: Song Xiaogang , Fan Chongxi , Wei Chao , Yu Wuhan , Tang Jichao , Ma Feng , Chen Yongqing , Wu Bing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Previous studies have revealed that inhibition of mitochondrial fission suppressed oxidative stress and alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice. However, no research has confirmed whether mitochondria fission accentuates hyperglycemia‐induced cardiomyoblast oxidative stress through regulating fatty acid oxidation (FAO). We used H9c2 cardiomyoblasts exposed to high glucose (HG) 33 mM to simulate DCM in vitro. Excessive mitochondrial fission, poor cell viability, and lipid accumulation were observed in hyperglycemia‐induced H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Also, the cells were led to oxidative stress injury, lower adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, and apoptosis. Dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1) short interfering RNA (siRNA) decreased targeted marker expression, inhibited mitochondrial fragmentation and lipid accumulation, suppressed oxidative stress, reduced cardiomyoblast apoptosis, and improved cell viability and ATP levels in HG‐exposed H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, but not in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) inhibitor etomoxir treatment cells. We also found subcellular localization of CPT1 on the mitochondrial membrane, FAO, and levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) were suppressed after exposure to HG treatment, whereas Drp1 siRNA normalized mitochondrial CPT1, FAO, and NADPH. However, the blockade of FAO with etomoxir abolished the above effects of Drp1 siRNA in hyperglycemia‐induced H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. The preservation of mitochondrial function through the Drp1/CPT1/FAO pathway is the potential mechanism of inhibited mitochondria fission in attenuating oxidative stress injury of hyperglycemia‐induced H9c2 cardiomyoblasts.
Insights into Heterogeneous Catalysis by Tip‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Yang Jun‐Lei , Zhou Yue‐Wen , Jia Ming‐Yang , Liu Qinlei , Cai Zhen‐Feng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHeterogeneous catalysis is immensely important in the chemical industry. Understanding the molecular mechanism of heterogeneous catalytic processes is fundamental to the design of high‐performance catalysts and the development of energy conversion technology. Tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) provides invaluable topographic and chemical information with nanometer‐scale spatial resolution, thus making it a promising tool for the in‐depth characterization of heterogeneous catalytic processes. In this perspective, we first introduce the background of heterogeneous catalysis and TERS, and then we systematically discuss the application of TERS in heterogeneous catalysis. Key insights related to catalyst configurations, catalytically active sites, reacting species, spillover of active species, and structure‐reactivity relationship were summarized. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future development in the field.
Role of the Controlled Periodic Illumination (CPI) for Enhancing the Photonic Efficiency of a Photocatalytic System
Authors: Bianco Ettore , Sordello Fabrizio , Prozzi Marco , Pellegrino Francesco , Maurino Valter 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhotonic efficiency measurements of the photoeffects at semiconductor surfaces for pollutant abatement and value‐added product generation (e. g. H2 in the hydrogen evolution reaction, HER) are usually carried out under continuous irradiation of the catalyst. In the last decades, Controlled Periodic Illumination (CPI) was proposed as a way to increase the photonic efficiency of irradiated semiconductor systems. CPI consists in the modulation of the incident radiant power, alternating light and dark periods with given duty cycle (γ), intensity (I) and frequency (f). The rationale underlying the use of CPI to enhance photonic efficiency is the exploitation of dark periods to allow slow reactions proceed, to induce new reactions or to free up space on the surface of the catalyst. In this short review, we will highlight the strengths and weaknesses of some of the works published so far on the abatement of pollutants and the production of hydrogen using CPI.