bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a 2nd tier test for identification of purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency patients during expanded newborn screening by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: la Marca Giancarlo , Giocaliere Elisa , Malvagia Sabrina , Villanelli Fabio , Funghini Silvia , Ombrone Daniela , Bona Maria Della , Forni Giulia , Canessa Clementina , Ricci Silvia , Romano Francesca , Guerrini Renzo , Resti Massimo , Azzari Chiara 
Published: October 2015

AbstractPurine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency has been recently introduced in the newborn screening program in Tuscany. In order to improve the PNP screening efficiency, we developed a 2nd tier test to quantify PNP primary markers deoxyguanosine (dGuo) and deoxyinosine (dIno).Dried blood spots (DBS) samples were extracted with 200 μL of methanol and 100 μL of water (by two steps). Internal standards were added at a final concentration of 10 μmol/L. After extraction, samples were analysed by LC-MS/MS. The chromatographic run was performed in gradient mode by using a Synergi Fusion column.The assay was linear over a concentration range of 0.05–50 μmol/L (RThe LC-MS/MS method can reliably measure dIno and dGuo in DBS for the diagnosis of PNP. Validation data confirm the present method is characterised by good reproducibility, accuracy and imprecision for the quantitation of dIno and dGuo. The assay also appears suitable for use in monitoring treatment of PNP patients.
Criteria of adequacy for vitamin D testing and prevalence of deficiency in clinical practice
Authors: Granado-Lorencio Fernando , Blanco-Navarro Inmaculada , Pérez-Sacristán Belén 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackground:Vitamin D deficiency is an important concern in clinical settings although there is no consensus on who should undergo 25-OH-vitamin D testing. We studied the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency before and after introducing adequacy (clinical and biochemical) criteria for testing.Methods:A total of 32,363 tests for 25-OH-vitamin D were retrospectively evaluated. Requests were unrestricted until December 2010 and justification criteria were applied from January 2011. During 6 years, 25,656 samples were analyzed (UHPLC) of which 12,315 were considered the first visit. The prevalence of deficiency was assessed for all the samples and according to the year, sex, season, age, origin of the requests, inclusion of adequacy criteria and consecutive visits.Results:A significant proportion of the requests (25%) were unjustified and less than half of the clinically or biochemically-justified tests displayed serum concentrations indicative of deficiency. Application of adequacy criteria resulted in a non-significant increase in the prevalence of deficiency, both at the first visit (36.5 vs. 41.7, p=0.17) and for all the samples analyzed (32.0 vs. 35.5, p=0.14). The percentage of deficiency decreased in consecutive visits although 2/3 and 41% of the patients remained deficient on the second and third visit, respectively. Moreover, at least 1/5 of sufficient patients at the first test became deficient in subsequent evaluations.Conclusions:A significant proportion of the requests was unjustified by clinical or biochemical criteria. Our data also indicate that clinical and biochemical criteria may be necessary (to be present) to justify vitamin D testing but not sufficient (predictive) to indicate the presence of vitamin D deficiency.
The only thing not known how to be dealt with: Political humor as a weapon during Gezi Park Protests
Authors: Görkem Şenay Yavuz 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis study investigates the underlying grounds and outcomes of nationwide antigovernment demonstrations that began as an environmentalist protest against the razing of Gezi Park in Istanbul. Humor became a weapon for the protestors for targeting and degrading Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, the government and the police forces. Captions, caricatures, graffiti, posters and slogans that were used as a means for humorous criticism of social reality in Turkey proliferated during and after this period. The slogan “the only thing they do not know how to deal with is passive activism and humor” was prevalent among protestors. The phrase ‘disproportionate intelligence’, which was used as an umbrella term for all humorous material, showed the protestors’ effort to react to the disproportionate violence they were exposed to while positioning themselves as more civilized and able as compared to the police and the government who could only resort to violence. This study includes semiotic analyses of composition and content of examples with humorous content.
Self Diffusivity of n-Dodecane and Benzothiophene in ZSM-5 Zeolites. Its Significance for a New Catalytic Light Diesel Desulfurization Process
Authors: Ferreira María L. , Al-Bogami Saad A. , de Lasa Hugo I. 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
This study provides theoretical support to a recent promising ZSM5 catalyst used for the selective desulfurization of light diesel type compounds (Al-Bogami and de Lasa 2013; Al-Bogami, Moreira, and de Lasa 2013). With this end, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations employing a rigid silicalite structure are developed to calculate self-diffusivities of n-Dodecane (n-C12) and Benzothiophene (BZT) in a silicalite structure. The simulations are performed at 573 K, 623 K, 673 K and 723 K at a fixed loading of 1 molecule per unit cell to study the temperature effect on diffusivity coefficient. In addition, a number of simulations which are developed to investigate four molecule loadings (corresponding to 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 molecule per zeolite unit cell) at 723 K. MD simulations, show a self diffusivity of BZT one order of magnitude higher than that of n-C12 self diffusivity at all temperatures investigated. This is the case in spite of BZT having a critical molecular diameter of 6 Å when compared to the 4.9 Å diameter of n-C12. In addition, the self diffusivity coefficient is found to increase with temperature for both n-C12 and BZT. Furthermore, the results obtained show that the self diffusivity of n-C12 decreases as the number of n-C12 molecules per zeolite unit cell increases. On the other hand, it is observed that the self-diffusivity coefficient for BZT remains fairly constant and drops at a loading of 1 molecule per zeolite unit cell only. These coefficients show that differences in n-C12 and benzothiophene diffusivities favours desulfurization with selective benzothiophene adsorption and sulfur species removal as coke (Al-Bogami and de Lasa 2013).
The Rough Linear Approximate Space and Soft Linear Space
Authors: Ma Yingcang , Li Shaoyang , Liu Yamei 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe studies of rough sets and soft sets, which can deal with uncertain problems in real life, have developed rapidly in recent years. We have known that linear space is a very important concept in linear algebra, so the aim of this paper was mainly focused on combining research in linear space, rough sets, and soft sets. First, according to the properties of upper (lower) approximation in rough linear space, the inclusion relation of the upper approximation’s union and the inclusion relation of the lower approximation’s intersection are improved. The equations of the upper approximation’s union and the lower approximation’s intersection are given. Secondly, the connection of linear space to rough sets is explored and the rough linear approximate space is proposed, which is proved to be a Boolean algebra under the intersection, union, and complementary operators. Thirdly, the combination of linear space and soft set is discussed, the definitions of soft linear space and soft linear subspace are proposed, and their properties are explored. Finally, the definitions of lower and upper approximation of a subspace X in soft linear space are given and their properties are studied. These investigations would enrich the studies of linear space, soft sets, and rough sets.
A Simple but Accurate Method for Analytical Estimation of Splice Loss in Single-Mode Triangular Index Fibers for Different V Numbers Including the Low Ones
Authors: Debnath Rahul , Gangopadhyay Sankar 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe report formulation of simple but accurate analytical expressions at the splice for both angular and transverse mismatches in case of single mode triangular index fibers. Here, we employ the simple series expression for fundamental modal field of such fibers. The analysis takes care of large
Fair compensation for gate and wind conditions in ski jumping – estimated from competition data using a mixed model
Authors: Aldrin Magne 
Published: October 2015

AbstractSki jumping is a Winter Olympic sport where the athletes try to fly as far as possible with the best possible style on a ski jumping hill. The best athletes may achieve distances around 100 m on the smallest hills and up to 251.5 m (the world record) on a flying hill. The length of a ski jump is affected by the gate from which the jumpers start, where higher gates give higher speed and therefore longer jumps. Wind conditions are also important, head winds tend to give longer jumps and tail winds tend to give shorter jumps. To ensure relatively fair conditions during competitions, a system including gate and wind compensations was introduced from January 2010. If the conditions change considerably during a round, the jury can change the gate number to avoid too long or too short jumps, and the athlete is then given a compensation (positive or negative). Furthermore, the athletes are given a compensation for the wind conditions during their jump. In this paper, the fairness of this compensation system is investigated by an analysis of the results from 80 ski jumping competitions for men arranged in the World Cup, World Championships and Olympics in the 2011/2012, 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons. The analysis is based on a mixed model. I found that the present compensation for gate number is reasonably fair, but with a tendency for 10% over-compensation. On the other hand, I estimate that the present compensation factor for head winds should be increased by 48% (95% CI 40–57%) and for tail winds by 22% (95% CI 16–30%) to fully compensate for wind conditions.
Expression of interferon type-I receptor isoforms, clinical response and development of neutralizing antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients – results of a prospective study
Authors: Bauer Angelika , Rudzki Dagmar , Auer Michael , Hegen Harald , Deisenhammer Florian 
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Background: One of the first line treatments for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is interferon-β (IFNb), a cytokine with immune-modulatory effects. There is a high degree of variability in the response to the drug which is, among other factors, due to the presence of neutralizing antibodies (NABs) occurring late during therapy.

Methods: The objective of this study was to determine whether the response to IFNb therapy and NAB development can be predicted based on the expression levels of the type-I interferon receptors IFNAR1, IFNAR2a, IFNAR2b, and IFNAR2c before start of treatment. The IFNAR expression levels in 163 samples of patients with relapsing-remitting MS were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: Pre-treatment IFNAR2c expression levels were somewhat lower in patients who developed NAB during treatment compared to NAB-negative patients. No significant differences in the expression levels of other IFNAR subtypes and isotypes were found. Baseline IFNAR levels were not predictive of the clinical response after 2 years.

Conclusions: Overall, there was a small, non-significant effect of IFNAR2c baseline levels on NAB development but no relation to clinical endpoints. Lower expression of IFNAR2c receptors could lead to higher IFNb levels inducing a higher rate of antibody response.
Some phonological, syntactic, and cognitive factors behind phrase-final lengthening in spontaneous Japanese: A corpus-based study
Authors: Den Yasuharu 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this study, we investigated segment lengthening in spontaneous Japanese based on a quantitative analysis of a large-scale corpus, focusing on the following three locations at which lengthening frequently occurs: the final segments of (i) clause-initial preface tokens (fillers and conjunctions), (ii) clause-initial
God’s Power and Almightiness in Whitehead’s Thought
Authors: Oomen Palmyre M.F. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWhitehead’s position regarding God’s power is rather unique in the philosophical and theological landscape. Whitehead rejects divine omnipotence (unlike Aquinas), yet he claims (unlike Hans Jonas) that God’s persuasive power is required for everything to exist and to occur. This intriguing position is the subject of this article. The article starts with an exploration of Aquinas’ reasoning towards God’s omnipotence. This will be followed by a close examination of Whitehead’s own position, starting with an introduction to his philosophy of organism and its two-sided concept of God. Thereupon, an analysis of Whitehead’s idiosyncratic view on God’s agency will show that, according to this conception, God and the World depend upon each other, and that God’s agency is a non-coercive but persuasive power. The difference between coercion and persuasion will be explained as well as the reason why God, according to Whitehead’s conception, cannot possibly coerce. Finally, a discussion of the issue of divine almightiness will allow for a reinterpretation of divine almightiness from a Whiteheadian perspective, which will show how despite Whitehead’s rejection of God’s omnipotence, his concept retains essential elements of God as pantokrator (and thus markedly differs from Hans Jonas’ concept).
Juda als Sachwalter Israels Geschichtstheologie nach dem Ende des Nordreiches in Hos 13 und Ps 78
Authors: Weingart Kristin 
Published: October 2015

Hos 13 and Psalm 78 present elements of a Judean interpretation of history at the end of the 8Hos 13* und Ps 78* sind Reflexe einer judäischen Geschichtsdeutung am Ende des 8. Jh.s (Hos 13) bzw. Anfang des 7. Jh.s v. Chr. (Ps 78); sie thematisieren den Untergang des Nordreiches und die sich daraus ergebenden Konsequenzen für das Verständnis und die Rolle Judas innerhalb Israels. Beide Texte deuten das Ende Nord-Israels als Gericht JHWHs infolge der Selbstüberhebung der Nord-Israeliten. Als Folge ergibt sich eine tiefgreifende Verschiebung der Gewichte innerhalb Israels: Juda wird zum primären Repräsentanten Israels bzw. Sachwalter des israelitischen Erbes. Diese Geschichtsdeutung weist insbesondere in Ps 78 eine starke legitimatorische Tendenz zugunsten des Jerusalemer Kults und Königtums auf und hat ihr Pendant in der zunehmenden Verwendung des Israel-Namens als alternative Bezeichnung Judas.Osée 13* et Ps 78 sont le reflet d’une interprétation de l’histoire judaic à la fin du 8ème (Os 13) ou début du 7ème siècle avant JC. Ils se concentrent sur la chute du royaume du Nord et ses conséquences pour le rôle de Judah en Israël. Les deux textes interprets la fin du royaume du Nord comme un résultat de juridiction de YHWH. En conséquence, il y a un profond changement dans l’équilibre intérieur d’Israël: Judah devient le principaux représentants d’Israël. Cette interpretation de l’histoire a, en particulier dans Ps 78, une tendance forte de légitimer le culte de Jérusalem et de la monarchie, et a sa contrepartie dans l’utilisation du nom Israël comme un nom alternatif de Judah.
Text-Critical Question Begging in Nahum 1,2–8: Re-evaluating the Evidence and Arguments
Authors: Ross William A. 
Published: October 2015

The idea that Nahum 1 contains an acrostic poem is held by many scholars. This paper reinvestigates the proposals for emending Nahum 1,2–8 in light of the Septuagint (LXX) as a text-critical witness. LXX scholarship has long noted that the translation technique employed in a given unit, book, or corpus is essential to discerning properly whether and how Greek renderings function text-critically for the MT. In light of an analysis of the translation technique of Nahum 1,2–8, then, this paper outlines the manner in which arguments for textual emendation of the Hebrew on the basis of the LXX beg the question.Nahum 1 wird von vielen Auslegern als Akrostichon angesehen. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Vorschläge zur Emendation in Nah 1,2–8 auf dem Hintergrund der LXX-Überlieferung. Die Forschungen zur LXX haben lange schon auf die Bedeutung der Übersetzungstechnik für die Auswertung der LXX Varianten zum MT-Text aufmerksam gemacht. Entsprechende Einsichten werden für die Bewertung der Emendationen in Nah 2,1–8 fruchtbar gemacht.De nombreux exégètes pensent que Nahoum 1 contient un acrostiche. Cet article réexamine les propositions pour corriger Na 1,2–8 à la lumière de la Septante (LXX). La recherche sur la LXX a observé depuis longtemps que la technique de traduction utilisée dans une unité, un livre ou un corpus donné est essentielle pour discerner correctement si et comment les traductions en grec peuvent être utilisées par rapport au TM dans une logique de critique textuelle. À la lumière d’une analyse de la technique de traduction de Na 1,2–8, cet article soulève la question de la correction du texte hébreu sur la base de la LXX.
On Nehemiah 8,8a
Authors: Yoo Philip Y. 
Published: October 2015

This short note argues that the noted difficulties in Neh 8,8a can be resolved by accepting a previously suggested emendation to MT and a renewed examination of a much discussed word solely against the background of two legal episodes that employ the same verbal stem. It is suggested that one could render Neh 8,8a as »They read from the scroll of theDer Beitrag vertritt die These, dass die in Neh 8,8a feststellbaren Schwierigkeiten durch eine Emendation am MT und durch die erneute Betrachtung eines viel diskutierten Wortes behoben werden können. Dies geschieht vor dem Hintergrund von zwei Gesetzestexten, die denselben Verbalstamm verwenden. Es wird vorgeschlagen, man könne Neh 8,8a »Sie lasen aus der Schriftrolle der Tora Gottes, die war (schon) erklärt« lesen.Cette note montre que les difficultés remarquées en Ne 8,8a peuvent être résolues, en acceptant un amendement du TM déjà proposé antérieurement ainsi qu’en examinant à nouveau, sur l’arrière-fond de deux épisodes juridiques qui utilisent la même racine, un mot souvent discuté. Il est ainsi possible de rendre Ne 8,8a par »ils lisaient dans le rouleau de la torah de Dieu, qui avait été (déjà) proclamée«.
Spinophilin-Targeted Protein Phosphatase-1 Alleviated Inflammatory Pain by Negative Control of MEK/ERK Signaling in Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn of Rats
Authors: Hu Xiao-Dong , Liu Yan-Ni , Zhang Zi-Yang , Ma Zheng-An , Suo Zhan-Wei , Yang Xian 
Published: October 2015

Protein phosphatase-1 (PP1), anchored by regulatory or targeting proteins at excitatory glutamatergic synapses, controls the phosphorylation of postsynaptic substrates and regulates the neurotransmission and plasticity. Here, we found that spinophilin, an actin-binding protein that targets PP1 at postsynaptic density, served as a scaffold for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling components. Through the C-terminal PDZ domain, spinophilin directly interacted with ERK and its upstream mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK). PP1, recruited by spinophilin, gained access to and dephosphorylated these kinases, exerting a tonic inhibition of ERK signaling. The removal of PP1 inhibition by disturbing spinophilin/PP1 interaction allowed a restricted activation of MEK/ERK at synapses, which in turn augmented the synaptic transmission specifically mediated by GluN2B subunit-containingN-methyl-d-aspartate subtype of glutamate receptors. We provided evidence that in pain-related spinal cord dorsal horn, the scaffolding function of spinophilin played an important role in the negative control of ERK-dependent and GluN2B-dependent pain sensitization. Expression of wild-type spinophilin produced an effective analgesic action against chronic inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant in rats.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTExtracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) relays the signals from multiple transmembrane receptors to a wide range of downstream effectors critical for the regulation of neuronal excitability and plasticity. The strength and duration of ERK signaling is spatiotemporally controlled by protein phosphatases. Sustained activation of ERK has been implicated in a variety of pathological processes. The current study revealed that spinophilin, a well characterized protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) synaptic targeting protein, was able to scaffold mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and ERK for dephosphorylation and inactivation by PP1. The loss of PP1 inhibition, as a result of spinophilin/PP1 dissociation, led to aberrant activation of MEK/ERK signaling, which had important implications for the exaggeration of NMDA receptor-dependent nociceptive synaptic transmission in spinal cord dorsal horn.
A Study on Primary School Students’ Being Cyber bully and Victim based on Gender, Grade, and Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Deniz Metin 
Published: October 2015

One of the most important problems is the cyber bullying that occurs by using technological devices. Research on cyber bullying is mostly based on types of technological devices used for cyber bullying and the difference in the gender. Although these variables came to the forefront in researches, there is less research based on variables such as socioeconomic status, and grades. This research analyses whether the level of being the cyber bully and victim differs in terms of the variables “gender”, “grade”, and “socioeconomic status” of students in the primary schools. Research participants consist of 760 students; 279 students are estimated to be from the sixth grade, 243 students from the seventh grade, and 238 students from the eighth grade. The students ranged in age from 11 to 15 years, with an average age of about 12.3 years. Analysis showed significant effect on cyber bullying and cyber victim for gender and socio-economic status and significant two-way interaction effect on cyber bullying and victim for gender socio-economic status and grade socio-economic status. For cyber bullying and cyber victimization, no significant three-way interactions between demographic variables (gender, grade and socioeconomic status) were found. Key words: Cyber bullying, Cyber victim, Gender, Grade, Primary school students, Refusal cyber bullying, Refusal cyber victim, Rumor cyber bullying, Rumor cyber victim, Sexual cyber bullying, Sexual cyber victim, Socio-economic status, Three-way analysis of variance.
Rodzina XXI wieku w perspektywie nauczania Jana Pawła II
Authors: Stala Józef 
Published: October 2015

Sobór Watykański II przyniósł nowa dynamikę, ukierunkowując Kościół na małżeństwo i rodzinę. Jan Paweł II często przedstawiał zagadnienia związane z małżeństwem i rodziną w swoich przemówieniach, katechezach i dokumentach, wzmacniając nie tylko teologię rodziny, ale także troskę pastoralną małżeństwa i rodziny. Papież rozbudował wizję formacji przygotowującej do małżeństwa i rodziny jako szczególnej wspólnoty. Całe życie tej wspólnoty jest bowiem oparte na sakramentalnym znaczeniu rodziny, zatem otrzymuje szczególny rodzaj uświęcenia. Ludzka miłość, a zwłaszcza miłość małżeńska i rodzinna, przedłuża miłość Boga. Rodzice są przeznaczeni do udzielania swoim dzieciom nie tylko daru życia, ale także daru wiary. Jan Paweł II obiektywnie patrzył na sytuację i rolę rodziny, dlatego w swoim nauczaniu wskazywał sposoby wzmacniania rodzin niszczonych przez cywilizację śmierci.