bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traumas of Acting Physical and Psychological Violence: How Fact and Fiction Shape Bodies for Better or Worse
Authors: Seton Mark Cariston 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Violation and injury (both physical and psychological) are aspects of life and therefore figure significantly; not only in much dramatic storytelling, but also in the life circumstances that doctors, nurses, emergency professionals and even the military encounter. However, in theatrical, cinematic or simulated performance of violence, little attention is paid to possible traumatization of participants and those who witness such dramatizations. Such performances are deemed merely fictions or simulations, and are therefore considered benign. However, experts in trauma have found that the body does not distinguish between cognitively understood fiction and perceived experience. Therefore, management of traumatization requires both cognitive awareness and embodied engagement with the possibilities of traumatization. What is needed is greater duty of care in preparing those participating in theatrical, cinematic and simulated performances of violence to become more resiliently vulnerable, so that they can support themselves and their peers in negotiating the inevitability of trauma.
Quietude, Restlessness and Uproar: Towards an Ethics of Speech and Silence in ‘In Eldersfield, Chapter One: Elegy for Paul Dirac’
Authors: Bowes Simon 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The article is presented as a response to a recent work which I co-devised and in which I performed. It is intended to draw correlations between performance and ethical philosophy to explore speech and silence as potentially traumatic encounters with the Other. Elegy at once reveals and obscures the physicist Paul Dirac, a legendarily taciturn figure, in response to the following anecdote: sitting in the laboratory at St. John’s College, Cambridge, a colleague asked him: ‘Where are you going on your holidays?’ Twenty minutes later, he replied: ‘Why do you want to know?’ Staging this silence and stillness in real time, in the middle of an hour-long show, Elegy implicitly suggests Dirac’s quietude as a response to trauma. The article also reflects on Elegy to reconsider the virtues of patience and passivity in a performance culture increasingly defined by an immediacy of response and of proliferating new modes of agency.
Book Reviews
Authors: Jeffers Alison , Sprio Margherita 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Trauma-Tragedy: Symptoms of contemporary performance, Patrick Duggan (2012) Manchester: Manchester University Press, 240 pp., ISBN 978 0 7190 8542 0, hbk, £60.00
Seeing Witness: Visuality and the ethics of testimony, Jane Blocker (2009) Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 153 pp., ISBN 978-0-8166-5476-5, pbk, $25.00
Laughter and Trauma: Making Sense of Colonial Violence
Authors: Casey Maryrose 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Aboriginal Australian performances, created from within their own traditional practices, have often dealt with aspects of European colonization and racism in a humorous manner. There are numerous accounts of these, including performances that were satirical and which treated traumatic acts of racialized violence in Australia in a comedic form. Indeed, Aboriginal audiences are documented as laughing uproariously at these performances. Examples include performances from Arnhem Land in the north, which centred on white men abducting women for sexual use; others from Stradbroke Island, off the coast of Queensland, include the ways in which the Europeans in the volunteer land army used their training and arms to kill Aboriginal people. This article examines the translation of traumatic events into comedic performances in the context of the major trauma of colonization, illustrating the particular manner by which humour offers ways of acting out and dealing with events that cause communal and individual traumas.
Molecular basis of crosstalk between oncogenic Ras and the master regulator of hematopoiesis GATA‐2
Authors: Katsumura Koichi R , Yang Chenxi , Boyer Meghan E , Li Lingjun , Bresnick Emery H 
Published: July 2014

AbstractDisease mutations provide unique opportunities to decipher protein and cell function. Mutations in the master regulator of hematopoiesis GATA‐2 underlie an immunodeficiency associated with myelodysplastic syndrome and leukemia. We discovered that a GATA‐2 disease mutant (T354M) defective in chromatin binding was hyperphosphorylated by p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase. p38 also induced multisite phosphorylation of wild‐type GATA‐2, which required a single phosphorylated residue (S192). Phosphorylation of GATA‐2, but not T354M, stimulated target gene expression. While crosstalk between oncogenic Ras and GATA‐2 has been implicated as an important axis in cancer biology, its mechanistic underpinnings are unclear. Oncogenic Ras enhanced S192‐dependent GATA‐2 phosphorylation, nuclear foci localization, and transcriptional activation. These studies define a mechanism that controls a key regulator of hematopoiesis and a dual mode of impairing GATA‐2‐dependent genetic networks: mutational disruption of chromatin occupancy yielding insufficient GATA‐2, and oncogenic Ras‐mediated amplification of GATA‐2 activity.
Solvent Use in Private Research Laboratories in Japan: Comparison with the Use in Public Research Laboratories and on Production Floors in Industries
Authors: Hanada Takaaki , Zaitsu Ai , Kojima Satoshi , Ukai Hirohiko , Nagasawa Yasuhiro , Takada Shiro , Kawakami Takuya , Ohashi Fumiko , Ikeda Masayuki 
Published: July 2014

Solvent Use in Private Research Laboratories in Japan: Comparison with the Use in Public Research Laboratories and on Production Floors in Industries: Takaaki HANADA, et al. Kyoto Industrial Health Association—Background and ObjectivesSolvents used in production facility‐affiliated private laboratories have been seldomly reported. This study was initiated to specify solvent use characteristics in private laboratories in comparison with the use in public research laboratories and on production floors. Elucidation of the applicability of conclusions from a public laboratory survey to private institutions is not only of scientific interest but also of practical importance.Materials:A survey on use of 47 legally stipulated organic solvents was conducted. The results were compiled for April 2011 to March 2013. Through sorting, data were available for 479 unit workplaces in private laboratories. Similar sorting for April 2012 to March 2013 was conducted for public research laboratories (e.g., national universities) and production floors (in private enterprises) to obtain 621 and 937 cases, respectively. Sampling of workroom air followed by capillary gaschromatographic analyses for solvents was conducted in accordance with regulatory requirements.ResultsMore than one solvent was usually detected in the air of private laboratories. With regard to solvent types, acetone, methyl alcohol, chloroform and hexane were prevalently used in private laboratories, and this was similar to the case of public laboratories. Prevalent use of ethyl acetate was unique to private laboratories. Toluene use was less common both in private and public laboratories. The prevalence of administrative control class 1 (i.e., an adequately controlled environment) was higher in laboratories (both private and public) than production floors.ConclusionsSolvent use patterns are similar in private and public laboratories, except that the use of mixtures of solvents is substantially more popular in private laboratories than in public laboratories.
Occlusal Classification in Relation to Original Cleft Width in Patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Huang Andrew H. , Patel Kamlesh B. , Maschhoff Clayton W. , Huebener Donald V. , Skolnick Gary B. , Naidoo Sybill D. , Woo Albert S. 
Published: July 2014

Objective To determine a correlation between the width of the cleft palate measured at the time of lip adhesion, definitive lip repair, and palatoplasty and the subsequent occlusal classification of patients born with unilateral cleft lip and palate. Design Retrospective, observational study. Setting Referral, urban, children's hospital Participants Dental models and records of 270 patients were analyzed. Interventions None. Main Outcome Measure Angle occlusion classification. Results The mean age at which occlusal classification was determined was 11 ± 0.3 years. Of the children studies, 84 were diagnosed with Class I or II occlusion, 67 were diagnosed with Class III occlusion, and 119 were lost to follow up or transferred care. Mean cleft widths were significantly larger in subjects with Class III occlusion for all measures at time of lip adhesion and definitive lip repair ( P < .02). At time of palatoplasty, cleft widths were significantly greater at the alveolus ( P = .025) but not at the midportion of the hard palate ( P = .35) or posterior hard palate ( P =. 10). Conclusion Cleft widths from the lip through to the posterior hard palate are generally greater in children who are diagnosed with Class III occlusion later in life. Notably, the alveolar cleft width is significantly greater at each time point for patients who went on to develop Class III occlusion. There were no significant differences in cleft widths between patients diagnosed later with Class I and Class II occlusions.
Operative and Immediate Postoperative Outcomes of Using a Latham-Type Dentomaxillary Appliance in Patients with Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Allareddy Veerasathpurush , Ross Elizabeth , Bruun Richard , Lee Min Kyeong , Shusterman Stephen 
Published: July 2014

Objective The objective of this study is to examine the operative and immediate postoperative effects of the use of a dentomaxillary appliance (DMA). Design Retrospective chart review of 40 treated patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate who had a comprehensive set of pre-, peri-, and postoperative records. Setting Boston Children's Hospital. Patients Forty treated patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate. Interventions Use of DMA. Main Outcome Measures Outcome variables of interest included cleft lip width reduction following use of DMA and odds of having primary gingivoperiostetoplasty (GPP). Results The study sample included 40 subjects (31 boys and 9 girls). The average age at the time of DMA insertion was 11 weeks. The average width of the alveolar cleft prior to DMA insertion was 10.77 mm. The mean cleft width reduction was 8.66 mm. Each 1-mm increase in pre-DMA cleft width was associated with a 0.631-mm reduction in cleft width ( P < .001). Thirty-three patients (82.5%) had a GPP procedure. Each 1-mm increase in post-DMA width was associated with a lower odds of having a GPP (odds ratio = 0.32, 95% confidence interval = 0.14–0.77, P = .01). Conclusions Post-DMA width was the significant factor associated with the performance of GPP. The use of DMA is associated with a significant reduction in the width of the cleft, and outcomes are predictable without any major adverse events or complications.
Perceptions of Team Members Working in Cleft Services in the United Kingdom: A Pilot Study
Authors: Scott Julia K. , Leary Sam D. , Ness Andy R. , Sandy Jonathan R. , Persson Martin , Kilpatrick Nicky , Waylen Andrea E. 
Published: July 2014

Background Cleft care provision in the United Kingdom has been centralized over the past 15 years to improve outcomes for children born with cleft lip and palate. However, to date, there have been no investigations to examine how well these multidisciplinary teams are performing. Methods In this pilot study, a cross-sectional questionnaire surveyed members of all health care specialties working to provide cleft care in 11 services across the United Kingdom. Team members were asked to complete the Team Work Assessment (TWA) to investigate perceptions of team working in cleft services. The TWA comprises 55 items measuring seven constructs: team foundation, function, performance and skills, team climate and atmosphere, team leadership, and team identity; individual constructs were also aggregated to provide an overall TWA score. Items were measured using five-point Likert-type scales and were converted into percentage agreement for analysis. Results Responses were received from members of every cleft team. Ninety-nine of 138 cleft team questionnaires (71.7%) were returned and analyzed. The median (interquartile range) percentage of maximum possible score across teams was 75.5% (70.8, 88.2) for the sum of all items. Team performance and team identity were viewed most positively, with 82.0% (75.0, 88.2) and 88.4% (82.2, 91.4), respectively. Team foundation and leadership were viewed least positively with 79.0% (72.6, 84.6) and 76.6% (70.6, 85.4), respectively. Conclusions Cleft team members perceive that their teams work well, but there are variations in response according to construct.
Bilateral Hypodontia in Adolescents with Pierre Robin Sequence
Authors: Andersson Els-Marie , Feragen Kristin Billaud , Mikalsen Daniel , Kaul Juli , Holla Thomas M. , Filip Charles 
Published: July 2014

Objective To describe the frequency of hypodontia and left-right symmetry of hypodontia in the permanent dentition of children with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS). Patients and Method The sample consisted of 78 children born with PRS between 1980 and 2006 and referred to the Oslo Cleft Lip and Palate Team (OCLPT). Data were collected retrospectively from the archives of the OCLPT. Panoramic radiographs were evaluated to document hypodontia; third molars were excluded. Results Of the 78 children with PRS, hypodontia was found in 33 (42%). Of the 33 children with hypodontia, 27 (82%) showed hypodontia in the micrognathic lower arch, 24 (73%) were missing two or more permanent teeth, and 2 (6%) had oligodontia. The teeth most often missing were the mandibular second premolar (72%), followed by the maxillar second premolar (29%). Most cases of hypodontia 21 (64%) occurred bilaterally. Bilateral hypodontia of the mandibular second premolar occurred in 27 (73%) of the patients. Conclusion Hypodontia was found in 33 (42%) of the children with PRS, which is seven times higher than the prevalence among children without PRS (6%). Unlike in the general population, bilateral hypodontia was more common than unilateral hypodontia in the micrognathic mandible of children with PRS.
Expression of Protease Activated Receptor‐1 in Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Bueno da Silva Henrique Aparecido , Euzebio Alves Vanessa Tubero , Spolidório Luis Carlos , César Neto João Batista , Eichler Rosangela Santos , Catelli de Carvalho Maria Helena , Holzhausen Marinella 
Published: July 2014

Background: Protease activated receptor‐1 (PAR1) activation by thrombin may play a role in repair and homeostasis of periodontal tissues. The main objective of this study is to investigate PAR1 expression in patients with periodontitis, before and after non‐surgical periodontal treatment, and to associate its expression with the presence of inflammatory biomarkers and PAR2 expression.Methods: Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples and clinical parameters, including probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and gingival and plaque indices, were collected from periodontally healthy individuals and patients with moderate chronic periodontitis (CP) before and 6 weeks after periodontal non‐surgical treatment. PAR1 and PAR2 messenger RNA (mRNA) at the GCF were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Flow cytometry analysis identified the GCF PAR1‐expressing cells. GCF inflammatory biomarkers were also determined.Results: Clinical parameters were significantly improved after therapy (P <0.01). The qPCR analysis showed that, before therapy, PAR1 mRNA levels in CP were similar to controls. Periodontal treatment led to increased PAR1 expression in CP (P <0.05). PAR1 expression was inversely correlated to PAR2 expression and with interleukins 6 and 8, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interferon‐γ, and matrix metalloproteinase‐2 levels.Conclusions: Periodontal treatment results in PAR1 overexpression in the GCF, and PAR1 expression is associated with decreased expression of inflammatory biomarkers and inversely correlated to PAR2 expression in the GCF. Therefore, the data suggest the importance of PAR1 mediating the known anabolic actions of thrombin in the periodontium.
Job Strain as a Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis of 124,808 Men and Women
Authors: Nyberg Solja T. , Fransson Eleonor I. , Heikkilä Katriina , Ahola Kirsi , Alfredsson Lars , Bjorner Jakob B. , Borritz Marianne , Burr Hermann , Dragano Nico , Goldberg Marcel , Hamer Mark , Jokela Markus , Knutsson Anders , Koskenvuo Markku , Koskinen Aki , Kouvonen Anne , Leineweber Constanze , Madsen Ida E.H. , Magnusson Hanson Linda L. , Marmot Michael G. , Nielsen Martin L. , Nordin Maria , Oksanen Tuula , Pejtersen Jan H. , Pentti Jaana , Rugulies Reiner , Salo Paula , Siegrist Johannes , Steptoe Andrew , Suominen Sakari , Theorell Töres , Väänänen Ari , Vahtera Jussi , Virtanen Marianna , Westerholm Peter J.M. , Westerlund Hugo , Zins Marie , Batty G. David , Brunner Eric J. , Ferrie Jane E. , Singh-Manoux Archana , Kivimäki Mika 
Published: July 2014

OBJECTIVE
The status of psychosocial stress at work as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes is unclear because existing evidence is based on small studies and is subject to confounding by lifestyle factors, such as obesity and physical inactivity. This collaborative study examined whether stress at work, defined as “job strain,” is associated with incident type 2 diabetes independent of lifestyle factors.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We extracted individual-level data for 124,808 diabetes-free adults from 13 European cohort studies participating in the IPD-Work Consortium. We measured job strain with baseline questionnaires. Incident type 2 diabetes at follow-up was ascertained using national health registers, clinical screening, and self-reports. We analyzed data for each study using Cox regression and pooled the study-specific estimates in fixed-effect meta-analyses.

RESULTS
There were 3,703 cases of incident diabetes during a mean follow-up of 10.3 years. After adjustment for age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES), the hazard ratio (HR) for job strain compared with no job strain was 1.15 (95% CI 1.06–1.25) with no difference between men and women (1.19 [1.06–1.34] and 1.13 [1.00–1.28], respectively). In stratified analyses, job strain was associated with an increased risk of diabetes among those with healthy and unhealthy lifestyle habits. In a multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, SES, and lifestyle habits, the HR was 1.11 (1.00–1.23).

CONCLUSIONS
Findings from a large pan-European dataset suggest that job strain is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in men and women independent of lifestyle factors.
A Photographic Journey through Digital Technology in Canadian Performances
Authors: Owen David 
Published: July 2014

This photo essay showcases digitally mediated performances across Canada. Just as books on the subject of digital performance have featured an impressive and varied breadth of shows under that umbrella, like Steve Dixon’s book sporting the same title, this slideshow highlights a diverse range of performances—from zombie-infested augmented reality games to technology-enhanced cooking displays to interactive web games created for theatre festivals. This is not an exhaustive list but rather a sampling of recent productions that, like the other shows discussed in this issue of Canadian Theatre Review, demonstrate how theatre creation is shifting in response to today’s digital media and game-savvy audiences. The journey through these images starts with the use of social media to engage spectators even before they enter the theatre space, moves inside the theatre to productions that use visual and aural media enmeshed with live bodies, and then out again to site-specific performance in real-world and online spaces, which are augmented in evocative ways by digital technologies.
Decolonial Interventions in Performance and New Media Art: In Conversation with Cheryl L’Hirondelle and Kent Monkman
Authors: Nagam Julie , Swanson Kerry 
Published: July 2014

Abstract: This article features interviews with Cheryl L’Hirondelle and Kent Monkman, two contemporary artists who move between traditional practices and contemporary art forms. Their multidisciplinary work unpacks both popular culture and traditional world-views. L’Hirondelle and Monkman are integrating Indigenous ideologies and embodied knowledge through interdisciplinary meetings of performance, painting, music, and new and digital media art, and they are actively using these media as decolonizing tools.
Outing Ourselves in Outer Space: Canadian Identity Performances in BioWare’s Mass Effect Trilogy
Authors: Kuling Peter 
Published: July 2014

Abstract: Throughout BioWare’s Mass Effect 3, players confront a vast array of unexpected Canadian content in narrative dialogue, settings, and identity development choices. This article examines the overall effects of Canadian content in this immersive video game series. Beginning in Vancouver and ending in London, England, Mass Effect 3 immerses players in world-ending conflicts linked with historical Canadian wartime experiences, which are creatively disguised through inventive science fiction. This game evokes ideas of colonial duty and personal self-sacrifice; players also confront cultural eugenics similar to social Darwinism during World War II. Canadian and queer identities develop in tandem as players consider humanitarian and inclusive possibilities, performing with outer space races in conflict. Players can even personalize their own Commander Shepard by customizing his/her gender, race, and sexuality. During the game, players may pursue intimate relationships with other men, women, or alien non-player characters; these choices are developed as moments of “coming out” that parallel the Canadian content revelations in the game. All of these contemporary identity negotiations create a vastly complex system of video game user-generated performances as players help their Canadian Commander Shepard reshape the universe.
I, Patient: Performance Practices in Medical Simulation at Hôpital Montfort
Authors: Samur Sebastian 
Published: July 2014

Abstract: This article compares the performative experiences of medical simulation participants who train with both standardized patients (SPs)—actors trained in patient simulation—and android patient simulators. Training participants may be doctors, nurses, or other medical personnel. A brief history of medical simulation is provided, covering both human and artificial patient simulation. Additional simulation elements, such as the training environment and medical moulage (makeup), are also discussed in relation to the heightened realism they bring to scenarios. A case study then follows, outlining medical simulation practices currently employed at the Montfort Hospital simulation lab, as well as individual staff roles. Practical and theoretical advantages and disadvantages of human versus android patient simulators are examined, as are the performative elements that each presents. The article concludes with a brief look at future developments in the field of medical simulation at the Montfort Hospital and abroad.
How iRan: Three Plays for iPod
Authors: Cameron Ken 
Published: July 2014

Abstract: Ken Cameron’s How iRan is a shuffleable audio-performance, presented in a library, about imprisoned Iranian-Canadian blogger Hossein Derakhshan. Audience members choose one of three coloured iPods offered at the show, each offering a different journey through the space and through the experiences of Iranian-Canadian immigrants. The performance is divided into three parts: green, white, and red. The reader is invited to select the colour of the script to read first.