bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental perspectives regarding the return of genomic research results in neurodevelopmental disorders in South Africa: anticipated impact and preferences
Authors: Diedericks Angelique , Bruwer Zandré , Laing Nakita , Eastman Emma , De Vries Jantina , Newton Charles R. , Abubakar Amina , Robinson Elise B. , Donald Kirsten A. ,   on behalf of the NeuroDev study
Published: August 2024

AbstractFew policies and little research exist regarding the disclosure of genomic results to research participants in Africa. As understanding participant preferences would be pivotal to the success of the feedback process, this study set out to address this issue by engaging with enrolled participants from an ongoing genomics research project on neurodevelopmental disorders with the aim to assess the anticipated impact of receiving pertinent results and explore the preferences for feedback in a South African context. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 parents of children participating in the research study. Transcribed interview data and observational notes were analysed using thematic analysis and framework matrices. Participants linked their own meaning to the impact of receiving a pertinent result and perceived the information as useful for reasons other than only clinical utility. These included closure, improved management of their child’s condition and information regarding recurrence risks. In terms of preferences for feedback, an in-person result delivery session, conducted by a member of the study team or medical professional familiar with their child was preferred. In addition, participants felt a sense of ownership over their blood or their contribution to the research study, finding meaning even in non-pertinent results. These findings provide insight into the type of discussions that may be valuable in enabling the development of best practices and guidelines for the return of individual genetic research results, in a culturally appropriate manner, within South African communities.
Management of HER2-positive and microsatellite instability-high advanced gastric cancer: a case report
Authors: Tamura Taichi , Kanemasa Yusuke , Nakamura Shohei , Okuya Toshihiro , Yagi Yu , Matsuda Shinichiro , Murata Mitsutaka , Endo Kazuya , Hara Kentaro , Okinaga Hiroko , Horiguchi Shin-ichiro , Seyama Yasuji , Cho Haruhiko , Shimoyama Tatsu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractChemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer has progressed significantly in the past few decades. Biomarker-specific drugs, including anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) drugs for HER2-positive patients and immune checkpoint inhibitors for those with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H), have become common. However, patients who are positive for HER2 and have MSI-H are extremely rare, and there are no established treatments for these patients. We present the case of a 75-year-old, male patient with gastric cancer with lymph node metastases and liver infiltration. Biomarker analysis revealed HER2 3 + , loss of MLH1, and MSI-H. After three cycles of S-1, oxaliplatin, and trastuzumab, the primary tumor and metastases shrank markedly. He subsequently underwent gastrectomy and hepatectomy as conversion surgery, achieving a pathologically complete response. He has been recurrence-free for seven months postoperatively. The present case demonstrated the efficacy of trastuzumab-containing chemotherapy followed by conversion surgery in a patient with HER2-positive, MSI-H, advanced gastric cancer.
Biosorption and separation behaviour of Sr(II) and Y(III) using Aspergillus terreus: isolation, characterization, batch and column studies
Authors: Abdel-Galil E. A. , Kandeel E. M. , Kasem A. E. , Mohamed M. K. , Mahrous S. S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this study, Aspergillus terreus was isolated from liquid radioactive waste and used as a dead biosorbent material to separate Y(III) from a solution containing both Sr(II) and Y(III). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, scanning electron microscope, and thermogravimetric analysis were also used to characterize the produced biosorbent fungus. A batch technique was conducted to study the biosorption behavior of A. terreus toward Sr(II) and Y(III) ions. The distribution behavior of Sr(II) and Y(III) as a function of pH in the range 1–5 has been studied. Y(III) from Sr(II) can be separated at all the pH ranges examined. The biosorption process was performed at different adsorption parameters such as pH, biosorbent weight, agitation time, and initial adsorbate concentration to get maximum removal of Sr(II) and Y(III) ions. After 30 min, both ions have reached equilibrium. The uptake percentage of Sr(II) and Y(III) increased with increasing pH value with a removal percentage of 9.5 and 99.5%, respectively, and was achieved at pH 5.00. The thermodynamic analyses revealed that the biosorption process was endothermic, spontaneous, and regulated mainly by physical biosorption. Nitric acid is the best desorbing agent among different eluting agents used. 0.1 M from HNO3 is sufficient to eliminate about 76.65 and 81.10% of Sr(II) and Y(III), respectively, where A. terreus may be regenerated for reuse efficiently. The separation of Y(III) from a solution including Sr(II) has been established by a column technique with a breakthrough capacity of 1.43 mg/g for Sr(II) and 63.00 mg/g for Y(III). The results indicate that the A. terreus biosorbent is highly efficient in separating Y(III) from Sr(II).
Epidemiology of childhood bone and joint disease during the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand
Authors: Hunter Sarah , Brown Elsie , Crawford Haemish , Grant Cameron 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Purpose
It is unknown whether social distancing impacts frequency of presentation and severity of childhood bone and joint infection (BJI). In New Zealand, the COVID-19 disease elimination strategy involved strict social isolation policies spanning March 2020-September 2022. Examination of this period may provide insight around risk factors for BJI.

Methods
A retrospective review of all patients < 16 years with presumed acute haematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) or septic arthritis (SA) treated in the Auckland region was performed between 2018 and 2023. Frequency and severity of presentations has been examined before, during, and after periods of social restriction. Severe cases included those with intensive care admission, recurrent infection, or multiple surgeries. Pre-hospital experience, length of stay, and disease outcomes have also been assessed.

Results
A total of 563 cases met inclusion criteria. Compared to the pre-pandemic period, monthly case averages reduced between April 2020 to September 2022 (10.1 vs. 7.9 cases/month, p = 0.008). Separating cases by causative microbiology shows a statistically significant drop in culture negative and Kingella kingae mediated BJI cases (4.2 vs. 2.9 cases/month, p = 0.006) but not for cases secondary to Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes (4.2 vs. 3.9 cases/month, p = 0.6). The frequency of severe disease reduced during this period (5.6 vs. 4.1 cases/month, p = 0.01) together with lower rates of recurrent infection (9% vs. 4%, p = 0.03).

Conclusion
The COVID-19 management strategy in New Zealand utilised strict social isolation, mask wearing, and hand hygiene measures to control disease spread between 2020 and 2022. These measures coincided with reduction in frequency and severity of presentations for childhood BJI.
Bacteraemia in Tropical Australia: A Review
Authors: Ratnayake H. E. , Eisen D. P. , Adegboye O. A. , Pak A. , McBryde E. S. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review discusses the trends of bacteraemia and their outcomes in tropical regions of Australia. Bacteraemia can frequently lead to severe sepsis and potentially life-threatening consequences. Epidemiology of bacteraemia is ever evolving.

Recent Findings
This review outlines the current patterns of bacteraemia in tropical regions of Australia, focusing on their outcomes and associated risk factors. The most frequently reported causes of bacteraemia were Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. There has been an increase in published incidence of Group A Streptococcus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Burkholderia pseudomallei bacteraemia cases, while Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteraemia exhibited a declining trend. Factors specific to tropical environments and the higher representation of Indigenous populations in these areas were identified as contributing to the elevated incidence rates.

Summary
Bacteraemia was found to be an increasing healthcare burden to the Australian tropical regions. Ideally, linkage of existing data from healthcare settings could be utilised to obtain more accurate, comprehensive and up to date information of trends and patterns of bacteraemia.
Exploring the ‘Rare’: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Rare Malignant Cervical Tumors in a Tertiary Cancer Care Institute of Northeast India
Authors: Begum Dimpy , Kumar Mahendra , Baruah Upasana , Barmon Debabrata , ahmad Shiraj 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The WHO 2020 classification of tumors of the female genital tract has adopted the dualistic classification of cervical squamous and adenocarcinoma into HPV–HPV-associated and HPV–HPV-independent types. However, the separate discussion on 'rare' varieties of cervical cancer is significant as it allows us to delve into their risk factors and natural course of disease and define any alternative treatment strategies to improve outcomes.

Objectives
To estimate the factors associated with histologically proven rare malignant tumors of the cervix and the overall survival of rare malignant cervical tumors in a tertiary care institute of Northeast India (NEI).

Methods
Our tertiary care institute in Northeast India, a region with unique healthcare challenges, including a high incidence of cervical cancers, conducted this retrospective study from 01/01/2018 to 31/12/2022. It excluded patients with incomplete records, squamous and adenocarcinoma histology, and metastatic cancer to the cervix. We collected demographic and survival data and performed survival analysis using SPSS 29.0.

Results
Out of 2367 diagnosed cervical cancer patients, 45 patients (1.9%) were diagnosed with rare cancer. Adenosquamous (0.7%) was the leading histology, followed by small cell NET (0.59%) and clear cell carcinoma (0.33%) in rare cervical cancer. Bleeding per vaginum was the presenting symptom in 91%. More than 80% of patients had a short duration of illness (< 6 months). Stage III (42%), followed by Stage II (27%), Stage IV (21%), and Stage I (10%) were presenting stages. A final diagnosis in 72% of histology required immunohistochemistry (IHC). Most of the patient (65%) did not complete their treatment.

Conclusion
This study's findings underscore the need for collective efforts in studying rare cancers, which can significantly enhance treatment strategies and improve the overall prognosis and quality of life for individuals affected.
Treating Tropospheric Phase Delay in Large-scale Sentinel-1 Stacks to Analyze Land Subsidence
Authors: Haghshenas Haghighi Mahmud , Motagh Mahdi 
Published: August 2024

AbstractVariations in the tropospheric phase delay pose a primary challenge to achieving precise displacement measurements in Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) analysis. This study presents a cluster-based empirical tropospheric phase correction approach to analyze land subsidence rates from large-scale Sentinel‑1 data stacks. Our method identifies the optimum number of clusters in individual interferograms for K‑means clustering, and segments extensive interferograms into areas with consistent tropospheric phase delay behaviors. It then performs tropospheric phase correction based on empirical topography-phase correlation, addressing stratified and broad-scale tropospheric phase delays. Applied to a six-year data stack along a 1000-km track in Iran, we demonstrate that this approach enhances interferogram quality by reducing the standard deviation by 50% and lowering the semivariance of the interferograms to 20 cm2 at distances up to 800 km in 97% of the interferograms. Additionally, the corrected time series of deformation shows a 40% reduction in the root mean square of residuals at the most severely deformed points. By analyzing the corrected interferograms, we show that our method improves the efficiency of country-scale InSAR surveys to detect and quantify present-day land subsidence in Iran, which is essential for groundwater management and sustainable water resource planning.
Imprint of paleocurrents, extensional and compressional deformation in the magnetic fabrics of the Permo-Triassic red beds of the Cadí Basin (Eastern Pyrenees)
Authors: Simón-Muzás Ana , Soto Ruth , Pueyo Emilio L. , Beamud Elisabet , Oliva-Urcia Belén , Casas-Sainz Antonio M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA magnetic fabric study was carried out in Permo-Triassic continental sedimentary red beds from the Cadí Basin (Eastern Pyrenees). These rocks were deposited on the top of a volcanic sequence when the regional tectonic regime changed from transtension to extension. Standard paleomagnetic cores (cylinders), cubes and irregular fragments were obtained for this study in 25 sites distributed throughout the basin. The “fragment methodology”, using oriented irregular fragments in claystones, is demonstrated to be successful and replicable. The aims of this study are (i) to interpret the magnetic fabrics in red beds according to sedimentary or tectonic models; (ii) to establish the relationship between the magnetic fabrics in the sedimentary red beds and the magnetic fabrics previously obtained in the underlying volcanic series, and (iii) to compare magnetic fabrics in continental sediments with other basins of the same age to interpret the tectonic scenario in the Iberian plate during Permian and Triassic times. The results obtained reveal a primary magnetic fabric that recorded a syn-sedimentary stretching in two nearly perpendicular directions, WNW-ESE and N-S, linked to basin development. Other sedimentary and tectonic factors, such as paleocurrents and deformation derived from the Alpine compression did not have a significant influence on the development of magnetic fabrics. The geodynamic scenario of the Iberian plate during Late Permian to Triassic times can be explained according to regional trajectories of extensional stress due to the activity of the North-Pyrenean fault zone.
Just Participatory Research with Young People Involved in Climate Justice Activism
Authors: Mayes Eve , Arya Dena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis commentary reflects on the tensions inherent in enacting creative, co-produced, and participatory methods with younger co-researchers who are also climate justice advocates. Whilst participatory research with young people involved in climate justice work has the potential to build intergenerational networks of solidarity, such research is contoured with complexity. The authors, two university-based researchers, juxtapose the social justice agenda at the foundation of participatory research, with the climate justice agenda, and consider the resonances and tensions between research and social movements. They advocate for an intersectional climate justice approach to participatory research that positions young people as co-researchers and co-authors, aiming to counter epistemic injustices and amplify the voices of those first and worst affected by climate change. Simultaneously, the felt value-action gap (between the justice sought and the injustices that persist within research) generates questions about the profound differences, even incommensurability, between university-generated research and the pursuit of climate justice in movement spaces. A series of questions are offered to those engaged in participatory research with younger people to prompt collective reflection on research processes and practises. The commentary concludes with a call for university-based researchers to engage critically with the power structures within academia and to prioritise the needs and goals of younger climate justice advocates over institutional demands.
An analysis of public topics and sentiments based on social media during the COVID-19 Omicron Variant outbreak in Shanghai 2022
Authors: Liu Chao , Tian Yeyoumin , Shi Yuhao , Huang Zhiyi , Shao Yuchen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe outbreak of the COVID-19 Omicron variant in Shanghai in 2022 elicited complex emotions among Shanghainese during the two-month quarantine period. This paper aims to identify prevailing public themes and sentiments by analyzing social media posts from Weibo. Initially, we conducted research based on a dataset of 90,000 Weibo posts during the 2022 COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai. By examining social media data that mirrors residents' emotional shifts and areas of focus during unforeseen circumstances, we have developed an analytical framework combining hotspot analysis and public sentiment assessment. Subsequently, we employed the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) method to conduct topic modeling on the Weibo text data. The SnowNLP sentiment classification method was then utilized to quantify sentiment values. Ultimately, we performed spatial visualization of sentiment and concern data, categorizing them into distinct time periods based on Shanghai's infection curve. This approach allowed us to investigate concern focal points, sentiment trends, and their spatiotemporal evolution characteristics. Our findings indicate that variations in public sentiment primarily hinge on the severity of the epidemic's spread, emerging events, the availability of essential resources, and the government's ability to respond promptly and accurately. It is evident that, while residents' concerns shift over time, their primary objective on social media remains expressing demands and releasing emotions. This research offers an avenue for leveraging public opinion analysis to enhance governance capacity during crises, fortify urban resilience, and promote public involvement in governmental decision-making processes.
Design and analysis of thermoacoustic air source heat pump water heaters
Authors: Prashantha B. G. , Kuwar Yogendra Vasantrao , Narasimham G. S. V. L. , Seetharamu S. , Devappa  
Published: August 2024

AbstractThermoacoustic air-to-water air source heat pumps (TAWASHP) are the eco-friendly, simple, compressor less, low cost and likely looking future substitute for the existing compressor-based heat pumps. In this work, the design optimization of the 1-kW TAWASHP with helium for the temperature difference of 15 to 70 K for pumping heat from the atmospheric air to water using the linear thermoacoustic concepts was discussed. The optimized design can fit for both cooling and water heating applications without wasting the heat rejection to the surrounding atmosphere, rather supplied to the insulated hot water tank. The optimized one-fourth wavelength resonator TAWASHP shows the coefficient of performance of 1.1 to 2.34. The theoretical results are validated with the DeltaEC software results, and the results are in concurrence with each other. The DeltaEC predicts the TAWASHP can supply 1.55 to 3.35 kW of heat to water, which is equivalent to 37.3 to 80.3 kWh of heat energy per day.
The BaMidbar Mental Health training program for educators: a Mixed Methods case study
Authors: Bond Rachel , D’Souza Angela , Barron Ian 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the BaMidbar Mental Health Training program and the influence the training had on community educator populations. This was a mixed method exploratory case study which utilized observational data and five interviews. A survey which examined the possible impacts of the trainings (through relevance and confidence variables) was utilized. We found that participants’ confidence had a higher correlation to the likelihood of implementing training materials than the relevance the training had to participants’ job placements. We also found categories of perceived skill development articulated by the participants interviewed. These skills included: checking in, changing spaces, giving students choices, giving feedback and identifying behaviors. There were concerns that the training programs did not create enough knowledge retention of specific therapeutic terms or scaffolding skills for educators to embed the training content into their job placements. Suggestions for further research and training programs are listed in the conclusion.
A tutorial for integrating generative AI in mixed methods data analysis
Authors: Combrinck Celeste 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe current article used real data to demonstrate the analysis and synthesis of Mixed Methods Research (MMR) data with generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI). I explore how reliable and valid Gen AI data outputs are and how to improve their use. The current content is geared towards enhancing methodological application regardless of field or discipline and includes access to a prompt library and examples of using outputs. The demonstration data used emanated from a study done in South Africa, with a quantitative sample size of 969 first-year engineering students and, for the qualitative part, 14 first-year students. In the current article, I compare my original analysis to ChatGPT results. Generative AI as a mind tool is best used with human insight, and I found this to be especially true when coding qualitative data. ChatGPT produced generic codes if asked to do inductive coding, and the results improved when training the Gen AI on human examples, which led to moderate and significant correlations between human and machine coding. The quantitative analysis was accurate for the descriptive statistics, but the researcher had to use best judgment to select the correct inferential analysis. Quantitative and qualitative analysis should be conducted separately in generative AI before asking the Chatbot for help with mixed methods results. In the current paper, I give guidelines and a tutorial on how to use chatbots in an ethically responsible and scientifically sound manner for research in social and human sciences.
Correlation of arterial and venous blood gas analysis in respiratory failure in children
Authors: Lawang Sitti Aizah , Jayaganda Idham , Indrawati Gracia Dewi , Maulani Destya 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Arterial and venous blood gases provide similar and very close measurements in terms of PH, pCO2, HCO3, pO2 levels. The study aims to investigate correlation of arterial and venous blood gas analysis in respiratory failure caused by pneumonia in children.

Methods
This cross-sectional study employed a consecutive sampling method from pediatric patients experiencing respiratory failure. Point of Care (POCT) was used to examine blood gas analysis.

Result
There was no significant difference between pH artery and venous with p = 0,232 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -14.628-59,488). The Mean difference between arterial and venous pH was 0,22 with a strong Spearman correlation of 0,643 (p < 0,001). There was a significant difference between arterial and venous pCO2 with p = 0,022 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -8,7- (− 0,69)). The mean difference between arterial and venous pCO2 was 4,69 with a moderate Spearman correlation of 0,485 (p < 0,001). There was no significant difference between arterial and venous HCO3 with p = 0,38. The Mean difference between arterial and venous HCO3 was 3,1 with a very strong Spearman correlation of 0,848 (p < 0,001). There was a very significant difference between arterial and venous pO2 with p < 0,001. The Mean difference between arterial and venous pO2 was 27,4 with a weak Spearman correlation of 0,17 (p = 0,117).

Conclusion
There was strong correlation between arterial and venous pH, a moderate correlation between arterial and venous pCO2, a very strong correlation between arterial and venous HCO3 and a very weak correlation between arterial and venous pO2 using POCT.