bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sodium Lignosulfonate Induced Vaterite Calcium Carbonate with Multilayered Structure
Authors: Guo Hongxia , Sun Pengzhi , Qin Zhenping , Shan Linglong , Zhang Guojun , Cui Suping , Liang Yucang 
Published: January 2014

AbstractSodium lignosulfonate (SL), a byproduct of the pulping industry, was used as a stabilizer for the mineralization of CaCO3. In a calcium acetate–urea–water system, the direct aging of the aqueous solution of calcium acetate and urea resulted in the formation of mixed aragonite and vaterite phases or a pure aragonite phase depending on the aging time. However, SL was introduced into the calcium acetate–urea–water system to markedly stabilize the formation of a thermodynamically unstable vaterite phase. Various morphologies of vaterite structures were observed by adjusting the concentration of urea and SL as well as the aging time. Based on these results, ion exchange, carbonate attacking the calcium(II) ions, aggregations of SL‐stabilized primary CaCO3 particles through oriented attachment and Ostwald ripening, as well as mesoscale self‐assembly were proposed as mechanisms to elucidate the formation of various morphologies.
Devolatilization behavior and pyrolysis kinetics of potential Tunisian biomass fuels
Authors: Jeguirim M. , Elmay Y. , Limousy L. , Lajili M. , Said R. 
Published: January 2014

Biomass thermochemical conversion is complex and requires a good understanding of the thermal decomposition process. This process may be identified using mass loss kinetics which are useful for the design of proper equipment used for biomass conversion.This work aims to determine devolatilization kinetic parameters characterizing four Tunisian biomass species: industrial by product (Pine Sawdust), agro‐industrial by product (Olive Solid Waste), agricultural residue (Date Palm Trunk) and seaweed (Posidonia Oceanica) using data from non‐isothermal thermogravimetry and the Coats and Redfern calculation method.Decomposition TG and DTG data were analyzed by applying 10 kinetic models including processes governed by nuclei growth, surface nucleation followed by geometric, diffusion and chemical reaction models. Obtained results show that biomass pyrolysis is represented by two successive steps: (i) devolatilization stage characterized by high weight loss rate, which is well described by diffusional, surface nucleation followed by geometric and first order chemical reaction models. (ii) char formation stage characterized by low weight loss rate, which is well described by second order and third order chemical reaction models. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 33: 1452–1458, 2014
Etanercept reduces thermal and mechanical orofacial hyperalgesia following inflammation and neuropathic injury
Authors: Coelho S.C. , Bastos‐Pereira A.L. , Fraga D. , Chichorro J.G. , Zampronio A.R. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated the involvement of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF‐α) in orofacial thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia induced by an inflammatory stimulus or by chronic constriction of the infraorbital nerve (CION) using etanercept (Eta), a TNF‐receptor fusion protein that inhibits TNF‐α action.MethodsAnimals were treated with Eta (0.5 and 5.0 mg/kg, s.c.) or dexamethasone (Dex, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg, s.c.) and orofacial thermal (cold and heat) and mechanical hyperalgesia induced by an inflammatory stimulus (carrageenan, Cg 50 and 100 μg/lip) or by chronic CION, a model of neuropathic pain in the orofacial region was evaluated. Treatments with Dex or Eta were carried out before Cg or before or after CION.ResultsEta or Dex abolished inflammatory thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia. Also, each drug, when given at the day of the surgery and the subsequent day, was effective to abolish thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia induced by CION, assessed on day 4 and on day 13 after the surgery, respectively. However, Eta, but not Dex, given after the CION, abolished thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia and reduced TNF‐α level in the trigeminal ganglion.ConclusionsThese results suggest that TNF‐α has an important role in cold, heat and mechanical hyperalgesia induced by inflammation or neuropathy in the orofacial region and this may contribute for the establishment of new therapeutic strategies to treat orofacial pain.
Motility mapping as evaluation tool for bowel motility: Initial results on the development of an automated color‐coding algorithm in cine MRI
Authors: Hahnemann Maria L. , Nensa Felix , Kinner Sonja , Gerken Guido , Lauenstein Thomas C. 
Published: January 2014

PurposeTo develop and implement an automated algorithm for visualizing and quantifying bowel motility using cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and MethodsFour healthy volunteers as well as eight patients with suspected or diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) underwent MR examinations on a 1.5T scanner. Coronal T2‐weighted cine MR images were acquired in healthy volunteers without and with intravenous (i.v.) administration of butylscopolamine. In patients with IBD, cine MRI sequences were collected prior to standard bowel MRI. Bowel motility was assessed using an optical flow algorithm. The resulting motion vector magnitudes were presented as bowel motility maps. Motility changes after i.v. administration of butylscopolamine were measured in healthy volunteers. Inflamed bowel segments in patients were correlated with motility map findings.ResultsThe acquisition of bowel motility maps was feasible in all subjects examined. In healthy volunteers butylscopolamine led to quantitatively measurable decrease in bowel motility (mean decrease of 59%; P = 0.171). In patients with IBD, visualization of bowel movement by color‐coded motility mapping allowed for the detection of segments with abnormal bowel motility. Inflamed bowel segments could be identified by exhibiting a decreased motility.ConclusionOur method is a feasible and promising approach for the assessment of bowel motility disorders. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;41:354–360.© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Data processing in Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
Authors: Qi Yulin , O'Connor Peter B. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractThe Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT‐ICR) mass spectrometer intricately couples advanced physics, instrumentation, and electronics with chemical and particularly biochemical research. However, general understanding of the data processing methodologies used lags instrumentation, and most data processing algorithms we are familiar with in FT‐ICR are not well studied; thus, professional skill and training in FT‐ICR operation and data analysis is still the key to achieve high performance in FT‐ICR. This review article is focused on FT‐ICR data processing, and explains the procedures step‐by‐step for users with the goal of maximizing spectral features, such as mass accuracy, resolving power, dynamic range, and detection limits. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 33: 333–352, 2014
Psychometric Properties of the Iranian Version of the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool
Authors: Pakpour Amir H. , Yekaninejad Mir Saeed , Nikoobakht Mohammad Reza , Burri Andrea , Fridlund Bengt 
Published: January 2014

AbstractIntroductionPremature ejaculation (PE) is one of the most prevalent male sexual problems. The Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) is a suitable patient-reported outcome measure for the assessment of PE.AimTo examine the psychometric proporties of a translated and culturally adapted version of the PEDT in a sample of Iranian men suffering from PE.MethodsTwo independent samples were compared, one including patients with PE based on the DSM-IV-TR criteria (n = 269) and the other including healthy men without PE (n = 289). A backward–forward translation procedure was used to translate the PEDT into Persian. Both samples were asked to fill in the PEDT twice—at baseline and 4 weeks later.Main Outcome MeasuresInternal consistency, test–retest reliability, convergent validity, factor structure, measurement invariance across sexual health status (i.e., between men with and without PE).ResultsMean ages of men without and with PE were 34.9 and 35.3 years, respectively. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total PEDT score was 0.89. All items and the total score were remarkably consistent between the two measurement points. All five PEDT items correlated at r = 0.40 or greater with their own scale, indicating good convergent validity. There was a high and significant correlation (r = −0.82, P &lt; 0.001) between the PEDT score and IELT. Healthy men reported lower scores (fewer complaints) on the PEDT compared with the PE group. A single-factor model was found to be best-fitting in the exploratory factor analysis; this was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The PEDT was invariant across sexual health status and perceived similarly by men with and without PE.ConclusionThe results provide evidence for good reliability and validity of the Iranian version of the PEDT. The questionnaire therefore represents a suitable tool for screening PE in Iranian men.
Enhancement ofl-ornithine production by disruption of three genes encoding putative oxidoreductases inCorynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Hwang Gui-Hye , Cho Jae-Yong 
Published: January 2014

AbstractRecently, Corynebacterium glutamicum has been shown to exhibit gluconate bypass activity, with two key enzymes, glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) and gluconate kinase, that provides an alternate route to 6-phosphogluconate formation. In this study, gene disruption analysis was used to examine possible metabolic functions of three proteins encoded by open reading frames having significant sequence similarity to GDH of Bacillus subtilis. Chromosomal in-frame deletion of three genes (NCgl0281, NCgl2582, and NCgl2053) encoding putative NADP+-dependent oxidoreductases led to the absence of GDH activity and correlated with increased specific glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activities. This finding suggested that enhanced carbon flux from glucose was directed toward the oxidative pentose phosphate (PP) pathway, when the mutant was cultivated with 6 % glucose. Consequently, the mutant showed 72.4 % increased intracellular NADPH and 66.3 % increased extracellular l-ornithine production. The enhanced activities of the oxidative PP pathway in the mutant explain both the increased intracellular NADPH and the high extracellular concentration of l-ornithine. Thus, the observed metabolic changes in this work corroborate the importance of NADPH in l-ornithine production from C. glutamicum.
Social Isolation and Perceived Barriers to Establishing Social Networks Among Latina Immigrants
Authors: Hurtado-de-Mendoza Alejandra , Gonzales Felisa A. , Serrano Adriana , Kaltman Stacey 
Published: January 2014

AbstractResearch has identified numerous mechanisms through which perceived social isolation and lack of social support negatively impact health. Little research attention has been dedicated to factors that influence the development of social networks, which have the potential to decrease perceptions of social isolation and provide social support. There is mixed evidence concerning the availability of supportive social networks for Latinos in the US. This study explores trauma‐exposed Latina immigrants’ experiences of social isolation in the US and its perceived causes. Twenty‐eight Latina immigrant women participated in an interview about traumatic experiences. Informal help seeking and the availability of friendships in the US were also queried. Frequent comparisons between experiences in their home countries and in the US shaped the emerging themes of social isolation and lack of social support. Women reported feeling lonely, isolated, closed‐in, and less free in the US due to family separation and various obstacles to developing and maintaining relationships. Socioeconomic, environmental, and psychosocial barriers were offered as explanations for their limited social networks in the US. Understanding experiences of social isolation as well as barriers to forging social networks can help inform the development of social support interventions that can contribute to improved health among Latinos.
Digital Radiographic Evaluation of Hand-Wrist Bone Maturation and Prediction of Age in South Indian Adolescents
Authors: Mohammed Rezwana Begum , Reddy M. Asha Lata , Jain Megha , Singh Johar Rajvinder , Sanghvi Praveen , Thetay Anshuj Ajay Rao 
Published: January 2014

Background In the growing years, indicators of the level of maturational development of the individual provide the best means for evaluating biologic age and the associated timing of skeletal growth. The relative stage of maturity of a child may be determined by comparing the child's hand-wrist radiograph to the known standards of skeletal development. Aims and Objectives In this study, we assessed various levels of skeletal maturation and also identified the relationship between chronological age (CA) and maturation stage using the hand-wrist radiographs in adolescents of Indian origin. Materials and Methods Three hundred and thirty hand-wrist digital radiographs of individuals aged 8 to 18 years were evaluated for skeletal maturity levels using Fishman's method. The data was analysed using the SPSS software package (version 12, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Regression analysis was performed for calculating bone age of both males and females. Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficients were estimated separately for males and females to assess the relation between CA and maturation level. Results An association between skeletal maturation indicator stages and CA ( r=0.82) was significant. Interestingly, female subjects were observed to be advanced in skeletal maturity compared to males. Regression equations were derived to calculate bone age in males, females and the whole sample. Conclusion The results of this study showed significant association between hand-wrist skeletal maturation levels and CA. Digital radiographic assessment of hand-wrist skeletal maturation can be used as a better choice for predicting average bone age of an individual because of its simplicity, reliability and lesser radiation exposure.
Acute exercise induces cortical inhibition and reduces arousal in response to visual stimulation in young children
Authors: Mierau Andreas , Hülsdünker Thorben , Mierau Julia , Hense Andreas , Hense Johannes , Strüder Heiko K. 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPhysical exercise is known to induce a range of transient or sustained psychophysiological effects including stress reduction and improvements in cognitive performance. Previous studies in the area have focused on adults and there has been little research on the relationship between physical exercise and brain function in young children. This study examined the relationship between cortical oscillations, arousal and cognitive performance following physical exercise in 5/6‐year preschoolers. Participants completed two counterbalanced sessions of 45 min exercise or a control condition. Electroencephalography (EEG) was measured at rest with the eyes closed and the eyes open, as well as during cognitive performance in a task requiring attention and reaction speed. This was done before (PRE) and after (POST) each session once the participants' heart rate returned to within 10% of pre‐exercise values. The percentage change in spectral power from PRE to POST (Δ) differed significantly between conditions. Specifically, Δ alpha‐1 power differed significantly between exercise (+5%) and the control condition (−5.9%) with the eyes‐open, but not with the eyes‐closed. This effect did not significantly differ between cortical regions (i.e., it was global). Further, Δ beta‐1 and Δ beta‐2 power differed significantly between exercise (beta‐1: −10.8%, beta‐2: −23.8%) and the control condition (beta‐1: −4.3%, beta‐2: −5.3%) at frontal sites independent of visual input. Despite significant changes in resting state EEG, cognitive performance and task‐related EEG remained unaffected by exercise. The results were interpreted to indicate cortical inhibition and attenuation of arousal in response to visual stimulation following exercise in young children.
Self-similar behaviour of a rotor wake vortex core
Authors: Ali Mohamed , Abid Malek 
Published: January 2014

AbstractWe report a self-similar behaviour of solutions (obtained numerically) of the Navier–Stokes equations behind a single-blade rotor. That is, the helical vortex core in the wake of a rotating blade is self-similar as a function of its age. Profiles of vorticity and azimuthal velocity in the vortex core are characterized, their similarity variables are identified and scaling laws of these variables are given. Solutions of incompressible three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations for Reynolds numbers up to $Re= 2000$ are considered.
Scale Reduction of a Systems Coagulation Model With an Application to Modeling Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Data
Authors: Gulati A , Isbister GK , Duffull SB 
Published: January 2014

Bridging systems biology and pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamics has resulted in models that are highly complex and complicated. They usually contain large numbers of states and parameters and describe multiple input–output relationships. Based on any given data set relating to a specific input–output process, it is possible that some states of the system are either less important or have no influence at all. In this study, we explore a simplification of a systems pharmacology model of the coagulation network for use in describing the time course of fibrinogen recovery after a brown snake bite. The technique of proper lumping is used to simplify the 62‐state systems model to a 5‐state model that describes the brown snake venom–fibrinogen relationship while maintaining an appropriate mechanistic relationship. The simplified 5‐state model explains the observed decline and recovery in fibrinogen concentrations well. The techniques used in this study can be applied to other multiscale models.CPT Pharmacometrics Syst. Pharmacol. (2014) 3, e90; doi:10.1038/psp.2013.67; published online 8 January 2014
Fano resonance in anodic aluminum oxide based photonic crystals
Authors: Shang Guo Liang , Fei Guang Tao , Zhang Yao , Yan Peng , Xu Shao Hui , Ouyang Hao Miao , De Zhang Li 
Published: January 2014

AbstractAnodic aluminum oxide based photonic crystals with periodic porous structure have been prepared using voltage compensation method. The as-prepared sample showed an ultra-narrow photonic bandgap. Asymmetric line-shape profiles of the photonic bandgaps have been observed, which is attributed to Fano resonance between the photonic bandgap state of photonic crystal and continuum scattering state of porous structure. And the exhibited Fano resonance shows more clearly when the sample is saturated ethanol gas than air-filled. Further theoretical analysis by transfer matrix method verified these results. These findings provide a better understanding on the nature of photonic bandgaps of photonic crystals made up of porous materials, in which the porous structures not only exist as layers of effective-refractive-index material providing Bragg scattering, but also provide a continuum light scattering state to interact with Bragg scattering state to show an asymmetric line-shape profile.
Structural and Functional Modularity of the Orange Carotenoid Protein: Distinct Roles for the N- and C-Terminal Domains in Cyanobacterial Photoprotection
Authors: Leverenz Ryan L. , Jallet Denis , Li Ming-De , Mathies Richard A. , Kirilovsky Diana , Kerfeld Cheryl A. 
Published: January 2014

Abstract
The orange carotenoid protein (OCP) serves as a sensor of light intensity and an effector of phycobilisome (PB)–associated photoprotection in cyanobacteria. Structurally, the OCP is composed of two distinct domains spanned by a single carotenoid chromophore. Functionally, in response to high light, the OCP converts from a dark-stable orange form, OCPO, to an active red form, OCPR. The C-terminal domain of the OCP has been implicated in the dynamic response to light intensity and plays a role in switching off the OCP's photoprotective response through its interaction with the fluorescence recovery protein. The function of the N-terminal domain, which is uniquely found in cyanobacteria, is unclear. To investigate its function, we isolated the N-terminal domain in vitro using limited proteolysis of native OCP. The N-terminal domain retains the carotenoid chromophore; this red carotenoid protein (RCP) has constitutive PB fluorescence quenching activity comparable in magnitude to that of active, full-length OCPR. A comparison of the spectroscopic properties of the RCP with OCPR indicates that critical protein–chromophore interactions within the C-terminal domain are weakened in the OCPR form. These results suggest that the C-terminal domain dynamically regulates the photoprotective activity of an otherwise constitutively active carotenoid binding N-terminal domain.
Interaction between MYC2 and ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 Modulates Antagonism between Jasmonate and Ethylene Signaling inArabidopsis
Authors: Song Susheng , Huang Huang , Gao Hua , Wang Jiaojiao , Wu Dewei , Liu Xili , Yang Shuhua , Zhai Qingzhe , Li Chuanyou , Qi Tiancong , Xie Daoxin 
Published: January 2014

AbstractPlants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms for integration of endogenous and exogenous signals to adapt to the changing environment. Both the phytohormones jasmonate (JA) and ethylene (ET) regulate plant growth, development, and defense. In addition to synergistic regulation of root hair development and resistance to necrotrophic fungi, JA and ET act antagonistically to regulate gene expression, apical hook curvature, and plant defense against insect attack. However, the molecular mechanism for such antagonism between JA and ET signaling remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that interaction between the JA-activated transcription factor MYC2 and the ET-stabilized transcription factor ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) modulates JA and ET signaling antagonism in Arabidopsis thaliana. MYC2 interacts with EIN3 to attenuate the transcriptional activity of EIN3 and repress ET-enhanced apical hook curvature. Conversely, EIN3 interacts with and represses MYC2 to inhibit JA-induced expression of wound-responsive genes and herbivory-inducible genes and to attenuate JA-regulated plant defense against generalist herbivores. Coordinated regulation of plant responses in both antagonistic and synergistic manners would help plants adapt to fluctuating environments.