bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for a Sea Level Fall During the Last Interglacial Highstand on West Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands
Authors: Fouke Kyle W. , Kerans Charles 
Published: August 2024

AbstractReconstruction of ancient sea level during the Late Pleistocene Marine Isotope Stage 5e (MIS 5e), from ∼129 to 116 ka, has the potential to improve the accuracy of future global sea level projections by providing a key benchmark for model calibration during a past warm period. Shallow‐water carbonate exposures comprising the tectonically stable Bahamas and Turks and Caicos Islands contain a regional unconformity that suggests MIS 5e sea level variability. It is not yet fully understood whether this intra‐MIS 5e unconformity was formed under subaerial or submarine conditions. The current study applies next generation sedimentologic, stratigraphic and petrographic analyses across the intra‐MIS 5e erosional unconformity exposed at four locations on West Caicos to reconstruct the conditions in which it formed. The unconformity is characterized with field mapping and digital terrain models, combined with U‐Th coral dating from previous studies. Marine and meteoric diagenetic alteration events were determined by integrating field observations and high‐resolution brightfield and autofluorescence microscopy to compile a comprehensive paragenetic sequence of the intra‐MIS 5e unconformity. Results indicate the erosional unconformity coincided with a rapid 1–3 m sea level fall resulting in beveled in situ coral heads and spatially constrained meteoric diagenesis. Current models of solar insolation and global‐scale ice sheet dynamics currently do not predict an intra‐MIS 5e sea level fall or associated climatic fluctuations. Illuminating the magnitude and timing of an intra‐MIS 5e sea level fall will provide better constraints on numerical models that link ice sheet collapse and climate change.
Rainfall and Hydrograph Styles in Ephemeral Streams of the Drylands of Patagonia (South America–Argentina)
Authors: Kaless Gabriel , Malnero Héctor , Frumento Oscar , Pascual Miguel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEphemeral streams in dry environments can convey high intensity sediment‐laden flash floods. The study of these events is quite difficult due to remote locations with limited accessibility, unexpected events, rough weather conditions and safety concerns. Hence combined data of rainfall and flood hydrograph is rather scarce in the world, and null in Patagonia‐South America. The Experimental Basin Arroyo Sagmata (total drained area of 129 km2), located in the Lower Valley of the Chubut River has been equipped with 4 rain gauges, and 4 time‐lapse cameras in four reaches of the arroyos. Data from a 4‐year monitoring provides valuable insights about the hydrological response of basins in the drylands of Patagonia, such as the time of response, the shape of hydrographs and its relation with the hyetographs. Four hydrograph styles have been observed: single‐peak (S), multi‐peaks (M), flat‐top (F) and compound (C) peaks. Rainfall styles have also been classified into single, multiple and compound. Soil processes operate reducing the number of peaks (M‐type hyetographs are transformed into S‐ or M‐type hydrographs). The rain structure is also important, especially when the high intensity occurs in the beginning of the event. Channel connectivity pattern and disconnections explain the observation of M‐type hydrograph and F‐type hydrograph, respectively.
Rejuvenation of BMSCs senescence by pharmacological enhancement of TFEB-mediated autophagy alleviates aged-related bone loss and extends lifespan in middle aged mice
Authors: Luo Ziwei , Wei Wanyi , Qiu Dawei , Su Zixia , Liu Liangpu , Zhou Honghai , Cui Hao , Yang Li 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBone marrow stromal/stem cells (BMSCs) are generally considered as common progenitors for both osteoblasts and adipocytes in the bone marrow, but show preferential differentiation into adipocytes rather than osteoblasts under aging, thus leading to senile osteoporosis. Accumulated evidences indicate that rejuvenation of BMSCs by autophagic enhancement delays bone aging. Here we synthetized and demonstrated a novel autophagy activator, CXM102 that could induce autophagy in aged BMSCs, resulting in rejuvenation and preferential differentiation into osteoblasts of BMSCs. Furthermore, CXM102 significantly stimulated bone anabolism, reduced marrow adipocytes, and delayed bone loss in middle-age male mice. Mechanistically, CXM102 promoted transcription factor EB (TFEB) nuclear translocation and favored osteoblasts formation both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, CXM102 decreased serum levels of inflammation and reduced organ fibrosis, leading to a prolonger lifespan in male mice. Our results indicated that CXM102 could be used as an autophagy inducer to rejuvenate BMSCs and shed new lights on strategies for senile osteoporosis and healthyspan improvement.
Fast prediction of personalized abdominal organ doses from CT examinations by radiomics feature-based machine learning models
Authors: Shao Wencheng , Lin Xin , Zhao Wentao , Huang Ying , Qu Liangyong , Zhuo Weihai , Liu Haikuan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe X-rays emitted during CT scans can increase solid cancer risks by damaging DNA, with the risk tied to patient-specific organ doses. This study aims to establish a new method to predict patient specific abdominal organ doses from CT examinations using minimized computational resources at a fast speed. The CT data of 247 abdominal patients were selected and exported to the auto-segmentation software named DeepViewer to generate abdominal regions of interest (ROIs). Radiomics feature were extracted based on the selected CT data and ROIs. Reference organ doses were obtained by GPU-based Monte Carlo simulations. The support vector regression (SVR) model was trained based on the radiomics features and reference organ doses to predict abdominal organ doses from CT examinations. The prediction performance of the SVR model was tested and verified by changing the abdominal patients of the train and test sets randomly. For the abdominal organs, the maximal difference between the reference and the predicted dose was less than 1 mGy. For the body and bowel, the organ doses were predicted with a percentage error of less than 5.2%, and the coefficient of determination (R2) reached up to 0.9. For the left kidney, right kidney, liver, and spinal cord, the mean absolute percentage error ranged from 5.1 to 8.9%, and the R2values were more than 0.74. The SVR model could be trained to achieve accurate prediction of personalized abdominal organ doses in less than one second using a single CPU core.
Episodic mass loss in the very luminous red supergiant [W60] B90 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Munoz-Sanchez G. , de Wit S. , Bonanos A. Z. , Antoniadis K. , Boutsia K. , Boumis P. , Christodoulou E. , Kalitsounaki M. , Udalski A. 
Published: August 2024

Context. Despite mounting evidence that extreme red supergiants (RSGs) undergo episodic mass-loss events, their role in RSG evolution remains uncertain. Critical questions remain unanswered, such as whether or not these events can strip the star, and their timescale and frequency.
Aims. This study delves into [W60] B90, one of the most luminous and extreme RSGs in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), with our aim being to search for evidence of episodic mass loss. Our discovery of a bar-like nebular structure at 1 pc, which is reminiscent of the bar around Betelgeuse, raised the question of whether [W60] B90 also has a bow shock, motivating the present study.
Methods. We collected and analyzed proper motion data from Gaia, as well as new multi-epoch spectroscopic and imaging data, and archival time-series photometry in the optical and mid-infrared (MIR). We used MARCS models to derive the physical properties of the star from the spectra.
Results. We find [W60] B90 to be a walkaway star, with a supersonic peculiar velocity in the direction of the bar. We detect shocked emission between the bar and the star, based on the [S II]/Hα > 0.4 criterion, providing strong evidence for a bow shock. The 30 yr optical light curve reveals semi-regular variability, showing three similar dimming events with ΔV ~ 1 mag, a recurrence of ~12 yr, and a rise time of 400 days. We find the MIR light curve to vary by 0.51 mag and 0.37 mag in the WISE1 and WISE2 bands, respectively, and by 0.42 mag and 0.25 mag during the last dimming event. During this event, optical spectroscopy reveals spectral variability (M3 I to M4 I), a correlation between the Teff and the brightness, increased extinction, and, after the minimum, spectral features incompatible with the models. We also find a difference of >300 K between the Teff measured from the TiO bands in the optical and the atomic lines from our J-band spectroscopy.
Conclusions. [W60] B90 is a more massive analog of Betelgeuse in the LMC and therefore the first single extragalactic RSG with a suspected bow shock. Its high luminosity of log(L/L⊙) = 5.32 dex, mass-loss rate, and MIR variability compared to other RSGs in the LMC indicate that it is in an unstable evolutionary state, undergoing episodes of mass loss. Investigating other luminous and extreme RSGs in low-metallicity environments using both archival photometry and spectroscopy is crucial to understanding the mechanism driving episodic mass loss in extreme RSGs in light of the Humphreys-Davidson limit and the “RSG problem”.
Wirbelkörperfrakturen bei Osteoporose
Authors: Heyde Christoph-Eckhard , Pieroh Philipp , Osterhoff Georg 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungOsteoporotische Frakturen der Wirbelsäule stellen eine zunehmende Herausforderung
dar. Heute verfügbare Klassifikationssysteme helfen zusammen mit Scores, welche
die individuellen Gegebenheiten der Betroffenen berücksichtigen, das
therapeutische Vorgehen individuell anzupassen. In diesem Beitrag werden
Hinweise zur diagnostischen Vorgehensweise, den konservativen und operativen
Therapiemöglichkeiten und zu den Besonderheiten von Wirbelfrakturen bei
Osteoporose gegeben.
A Structured Social Media Health Support Program after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Tamir Orly , Kais Hassan , Accos-Carmel Moran , Kolobov Tatyana , Matthews Gideon , Lipsits Aviva , Shalev Yuval , Sheffer-Benton Sigal , Benis Arriel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Social media networks have been found to provide emotional, instrumental, and social support, which may contribute to improved adherence to postbariatric surgery care recommendations.
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an online social media-based, health care professional-led, educational and support program on patients' long-term engagement with and adherence to follow-up guidelines, self-care recommendations, and weight management after bariatric surgery.
Methods An observational cohort study, employing mixed methods, accompanied a 12-week interactive, structured, social media psychoeducational intervention program delivered on Facebook. Program participants, who had undergone one bariatric surgery within the past 1 to 7 years and were at least 18 years old at the time of surgery, were invited to join the program via posts online. Interested individuals were provided information about the program and the accompanying evaluation study, and those who met requirements completed study questionnaires before and after the program. Questionnaires included demographic and anthropometric information; postoperative recommendations received and their clarity and implementation; attitudes toward recommendation adherence; and well-being. Daily system data on program engagement were collected from the Facebook website.
Results Of the 214 participants enrolled in the program, 101 (80.2% female, mean age 43.8 ± 9.1 years and mean body mass index 30.2 ± 6.8 kg/m2, 1–7 years after bariatric surgery) completed both baseline and end-of-program questionnaires and were included in the analysis. Following the program, improvements were observed in most aspects of participants' adherence to postoperative recommendations and well-being. Close to half of the participants (44.6%) reported reaching their postoperative target weight at the end of the program or maintaining it throughout the program. Video posts drew higher participant engagement than other media, and content about proteins received the highest number of reactions. However, participants' active engagement gradually declined over time.
Conclusion Interactive health support on social media can positively enhance patient engagement, adherence to treatment recommendations, health outcomes, and overall well-being.
Magnetic-field coils for metastability-exchange optical pumping, spectroscopy, and magnetic resonance of helium
Authors: Nacher Pierre-Jean 
Published: August 2024

Optical pumping on the 23S–23P transition (1083 nm) of metastable 3He or 4He atoms is used for science and applications. Gas is usually enclosed in elongated cells with lengths ranging from several centimeters to several meters for efficient absorption. Good magnetic-field homogeneity is needed for weak diffusion-induced relaxation and long nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal lifetimes. A compact coil system is designed using a target-oriented numerical optimization method. It provides a suitably uniform field over cell volumes, with characteristics depending on the chosen optimization parameters. Additional pairs of coils can be used to generate transverse field components with contributions to the total field inhomogeneities that are discussed.
Superconductor based, tomographic, neutron diagnostics for fusion power monitoring
Authors: Brock Mette Bybjerg , Chambon Amalia , Bahl Christian R. H. , Pietropaolo Antonino , Walsh Michael , Korsholm Søren Bang , Wulff Anders C. 
Published: August 2024

We propose a scalable system of compact, superconducting neutron monitors, which can be embedded in any existing cryogenic infrastructure of a fusion system. The pixel-based nature of the detectors allows them to be placed at intervals following the circumference of a cooled zone, e.g., a field coil, thus allowing for a tomographic measurement of the neutron flux surrounding the plasma. An early stage prototype of the superconducting bolometer is described, and the key results of a previous feasibility study of this prototype performed with cold neutrons are summarized. The bolometer can be adapted for use with fast neutrons by altering the composition and geometry of the neutron-to-heat conversion layer. This paper describes the initial feasibility considerations for implementation in a superconducting tokamak. The sensor is based on a high-temperature superconductor, making it possible to select the operation temperature in the range 1–90 K. Neutron flux numbers were found using the ITER MCNP reference model, and these were embedded in a TOPAS model to find the expected signal measured by the bolometer at the position of a toroidal field coil. The results at the coil position indicate suitable operation levels in terms of the magnitude of the measured signal, with a measurable signal of several ohm, which is much smaller than the saturation energy of the detector. Radiation hardness is estimated and found to be on the order of at least 40 years for the relevant radiation levels. The upcoming investigation activities of the project are described for both radiation testing and analytical modeling.
Controlled growth of asymmetric chiral TeOx for broad-spectrum, high-responsivity and polarization-sensitive photodetection
Authors: Zhang Baihui , Ao Zhikang , Zhang Fen , Zhong Jiang , Zhang Shunhui , Liu Hang , Chen Yinghao , Xie Jianing , Wen Wenkui , Wang Guang , Chen Peng , Yang Xiangdong , Cao Jinhui , Zhong Mianzeng , Li Hongjian , Zhang Zhengwei 
Published: August 2024

Low-dimensional nanostructures, especially one-dimensional materials, exhibit remarkable anisotropic characteristics due to their low symmetry, making them promising candidates for polarization-sensitive photodetection. Here, we present a chemical vapor deposition synthesis method for tellurium suboxide (TeOx), confirming the practicality of photodetectors constructed from TeOx nanowires (NWs) in high-responsivity, broadband, and polarization-sensitive detection. By precisely controlling the thermodynamics and kinetics of TeOx NWs growth, we achieve large-scale growth of TeOx NWs with highly controllable dimensions and propose a method to induce intrinsic built-in strain in TeOx NWs. Photodetectors based on quasi-one-dimensional TeOx NWs with ohmic contact demonstrate broadband spectral response (638–1550 nm), high responsivity (13 700 mA·W−1), and superior air stability. Particularly, owing to the inherent structural anisotropy of the photodetectors, they exhibit polarization-sensitive photodetection, with anisotropy ratios of 1.70 and 1.71 at 638 and 808 nm, respectively.
Effective-one-body numerical-relativity waveform model for eccentric spin-precessing binary black hole coalescence
Authors: Liu Xiaolin , Cao Zhoujian , Zhu Zong-Hong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Waveform models are important to gravitational wave data analysis. People recently pay much attention to the waveform model construction for eccentric binary black hole (BBH) coalescence. Several effective-one-body (EOB) Numerical-Relativity waveform models of eccentric BBH coalescence have been constructed. But none of them can treat orbit eccentricity and spin-precessing simultaneously. The current paper focuses on this problem. The authors previously have constructed waveform model for spin-aligned eccentric BBH coalescence SEOBNRE. Here we extend such waveform model to describe eccentric spin-precessing BBH coalescence. We calculate the 2PN orbital radiation-reaction forces and the instantaneous part of the decomposed waveform for a general spinning precessing BBH system in EOB coordinates. We implement these results based on our previous SEOBNRE waveform model. We have also compared our model waveforms to both SXS and RIT numerical relativity waveforms. We find good consistency between our model and numerical relativity. Based on our new waveform model, we analyze the impact of the non-perpendicular spin contributions on waveform accuracy. We find that the non-perpendicular spin contributions primarily affect the phase of the gravitational waveforms. For the current gravitational wave detectors, this contribution is not significant. The future detectors may be affected by such non-perpendicular spin contributions. More importantly our SEOBNRE waveform model, as the first theoretical waveform model to describe eccentric spin-precessing BBH coalescence, can help people to analyze orbit eccentricity and spin precession simultaneously for gravitational wave detection data.
Polarization spectroscopy of 87Rb-D2 line using structured light: controlling the line shape of closed hyperfine transition
Authors: Akhtar Samim , Das Aparajita , Hossain Md Mabud 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this article, we present the influence of structured light on the line shape of closed hyperfine transition

F
=
2
→

F

′

=
3

of 87Rb-D2 line by monitoring the linearly polarized probe Gaussian beam in the presence of circularly polarized pump Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beam having different orders of orbital angular momentum (OAM). It is observed that both the amplitude and line-width of the closed hyperfine signal under polarization spectroscopy (PS) are enhanced (reduced) with the increasing values of the pump light ellipticity for the non-zero-order (zero-order) OAM. Furthermore, the dispersion-like PS signal of the closed hyperfine transition is modified by varying the pump power and angular mismatch of the pump-probe beams. The experimental results demonstrate that the anisotropy of an atomic medium can be influenced by the OAM of light and can be further modulated by tuning the ellipticity of the structured light.
Bacteria-responsive drug release platform for the local treatment of bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Feng Chuying , Sun Chen , Ho Emmanuel A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection affecting millions of women. Vaginal anaerobic dysbiosis occurs when Lactobacillus spp., the dominant flora in healthy vagina is replaced by certain overgrown anaerobes, resulting in unpleasant symptoms such as vaginal discharge and odor. With a high recurrence rate, BV also severely impacts the overall quality of life of childbearing women by inducing preterm delivery and increasing the risks of pelvic inflammatory disease and sexually transmitted infections. Among various BV-associated bacteria, Gardnerella vaginalis (G. vaginalis) has been identified as a primary pathogen since it has been isolated from almost all women carrying BV and exhibits higher virulence potential over other bacteria. When dealing with BV relapse, intravaginal drug delivery systems are superior to conventional oral antibiotic therapies in improving therapeutic efficacy owing to more effective drug dose, reduced drug resistance and minimized side effects such as stomach irritation. Traditional intravaginal drug administration generally involves solids, semi-solids and delivery devices inserted into the vaginal lumen to achieve sustained drug release. However, they are mostly designed for continuous drug release and are not preventative therapies, resulting in severe side effects caused by excess dosing. Stimuli-responsive systems that can release drug only when needed (‘on-demand’) can help diminish these negative side effects. Hence, we developed a bacteria-responsive liposomal platform for the prevention and treatment of BV. This platform demonstrated sustained drug release in the presence of vaginolysin, a toxin secreted specifically by G. vaginalis. We prepared four liposome formulations and evaluated their responsiveness to G. vaginalis. The results demonstrated that the liposome formulations could achieve cumulative drug release ranging from 46.7% to 51.8% over a 3–5 d period in response to G. vaginalis and hardly any drug release in the presence of Lactobacillus crispatus (L. crispatus), indicating the high specificity of the system. Overall, the bacteria-responsive drug release platform has great potential, since it will be the first time to realize sustained drug release stimulated by a specific pathogen for BV prevention and treatment. This on-demand therapy can potentially provide relief to the millions of women affected by BV.
Development of an AR–based enrichment module to introduce electrospinning as an application of static electricity principles for senior high school students
Authors: Fitri Indah Karunia , Udaneni Fatoni , Pramasiwi Handita , Harjunowibowo Dewanto , Rezeki Yulianto Agung 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In teaching physics, phenomena invisible to the naked eye are presented with Augmented Reality (AR) support. This research aims to create an AR-based module exemplifying static electricity applications in technology. The AR module explains static electricity in nanofiber fabrication, specifically electrospinning. Needs analysis reveals a necessity for this module due to teachers lagging in static electricity concepts in the 4.0 era. The module scored 98.00% for content and 88.00% for interactivity, indicating high validity. Linguistic aspect scores 93.33% for grammar and 98.00% for understanding show reader-friendly content. The content agreement is 95.71%, aligning with theory and curriculum. Students rated practicality at 98.41%, suggesting module convenience. Appearance received 96.67%, indicating student engagement, with benefits scoring 96.67%, motivating student learning, particularly in static electricity. The results show a successful introduction of electrospinning in senior high school students. The module triggered students’ interest in motivation, attraction, satisfaction, and relevance, so it can be concluded that the module created is effective.