bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The histone acetylranseferase hMOF acetylates Nrf2 and regulates anti‐drug responses in human non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Chen Zhiwei , Ye Xiangyun , Tang Naiwang , Shen Shengping , Li Ziming , Niu Xiaomin , Lu Shun , Xu Ling 
Published: February 2014

Background and PurposeThe histone acetyltransferase MOF is a member of the MYST family. In mammals, MOF plays critical roles by acetylating histone H4 at K16 and non‐histone substrates such as p53. Here we have investigated the role of MOF in human lung cancer and possible new substrates of hMOF.Experimental ApproachSamples of human non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were used to correlate MOF with clinicopathological parameters and NF–E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) downstream genes. 293T‐cells were used to study interactions between MOF and Nrf2, and acetylation of Nrf2 by MOF. Mouse embryonic fibroblast and A549 cells were utilized to assess involvement of MOF in antioxidative and anti‐drug responses. A549 cells were used to analysis the role of MOF in anti‐drug response in vitro and in vivo.Key ResultshMOF was overexpressed in human NSCLC tissues and was associated with large tumour size, advanced disease stage and metastasis, and with poor prognosis. hMOF levels were positively correlated with Nrf2‐downstream genes. MOF/hMOF physically interacted with and acetylated Nrf2 at Lys588. MOF‐mediated acetylation increased nuclear retention of Nrf2 and transcription of its downstream genes. Importantly, MOF/hMOF was essential for anti‐oxidative and anti‐drug responses in vitro and regulated tumour growth and drug resistance in vivo in an Nrf2‐dependent manner.Conclusion and ImplicationshMOF was overexpressed in human NSCLC and was a predictor of poor survival. hMOF‐mediated Nrf2 acetylation and nuclear retention are essential for anti‐oxidative and anti‐drug responses. hMOF may provide a therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
Heteromers of μ‐δ opioid receptors: new pharmacology and novel therapeutic possibilities
Authors: Fujita Wakako , Gomes Ivone , Devi Lakshmi A 
Published: February 2014

Several studies suggest that heteromerization between μ (MOP) and δ (DOP) opioid receptors modulates the signalling properties of the individual receptors. For example, whereas activation of MOP receptors by an agonist induces G protein‐mediated signalling, the same agonist induces β‐arrestin‐mediated signalling in the context of the MOP‐DOP receptor heteromer. Moreover, heteromer‐mediated signalling is allosterically modulated by a combination of MOP and DOP receptor ligands. This has implications in analgesia given that morphine‐induced antinociception can be potentiated by DOP receptor ligands. Recently reagents selectively targeting the MOP‐DOP receptor heteromer such as bivalent ligands, antibodies or membrane permeable peptides have been generated; these reagents are enabling studies to elucidate the contribution of endogenously expressed heteromers to analgesia as well as to the development of side‐effects associated with chronic opioid use. Recent advances in drug screening technology have led to the identification of a MOP‐DOP receptor heteromer‐biased agonist that activates both G protein‐mediated and β‐arrestin‐mediated signalling. Moreover, this heteromer‐biased agonist exhibits potent antinociceptive activity but with reduced side‐effects, suggesting that ligands targeting the MOP‐DOP receptor heteromer form a basis for the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of pain. In this review, we summarize findings regarding the biological and functional characteristics of the MOP‐DOP receptor heteromer and the in vitro and in vivo properties of heteromer‐selective ligands.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Opioids: New Pathways to Functional Selectivity. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2015.172.issue-2
Changes in injury‐related hospital emergency department presentations associated with the imposition of regulatory versus voluntary licensing conditions on licensed venues in two cities
Authors: Miller Peter , Curtis Ashlee , Palmer Darren , Busija Lucy , Tindall Jennifer , Droste Nicolas , Gillham Karen , Coomber Kerri , Wiggers John 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIntroduction and AimsRegulatory and collaborative intervention strategies have been developed to reduce the harms associated with alcohol consumption on licensed venues around the world, but there remains little research evidence regarding their comparative effectiveness. This paper describes concurrent changes in the number of night‐time injury‐related hospital emergency department presentations in two cities that implemented either a collaborative voluntary approach to reducing harms associated with licensed premises (Geelong) or a regulatory approach (Newcastle).Design and MethodsThis paper reports findings from Dealing with Alcohol‐Related problems in the Night‐Time Economy project. Data were drawn from injury‐specific International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision codes for injuries (S and T codes) presenting during high‐alcohol risk times (midnight—5.59 am, Saturday and Sunday mornings) at the emergency departments in Geelong Hospital and Newcastle (John Hunter Hospital and the Calvary Mater Hospital), before and after the introduction of licensing conditions between the years of 2005 and 2011. Time‐series, seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average analyses were conducted on the data obtained from patients' medical records.ResultsSignificant reductions in injury‐related presentations during high‐alcohol risk times were found for Newcastle since the imposition of regulatory licensing conditions (344 attendances per year, P < 0.001). None of the interventions deployed in Geelong (e.g. identification scanners, police operations, radio networks or closed‐circuit television) were associated with reductions in emergency department presentations.Discussion and ConclusionsThe data suggest that mandatory interventions based on trading hours restrictions were associated with reduced emergency department injury presentations in high‐alcohol hours than voluntary interventions. [Miller P, Curtis A, Palmer D, Busija L, Tindall J, Droste N, Gillham K, Coomber K, Wiggers J. Changes in injury‐related hospital emergency department presentations associated with the imposition of regulatory versus voluntary licensing conditions on licensed venues in two cities. Drug Alcohol Rev 2014;33:314–322]*
Gender differences in associations of neighbourhood disadvantage with alcohol's harms to others: A cross‐sectional study from the USA
Authors: Karriker‐Jaffe Katherine J. , Greenfield Thomas K. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractIntroduction and AimsTo examine whether alcohol's harms to others are more prevalent in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods and whether men or women are at differential risk in these neighbourhoods.Design and MethodsCross‐sectional survey data from 2000 and 2005 National Alcohol Surveys were linked to geo‐referenced indicators of neighbourhood disadvantage from the US 2000 Decennial Census. The pooled sample included 10 121 adults (54% female; average age 44.4 years; 69% White; 13% African‐American; 13% Hispanic). A dichotomous indicator denoted neighbourhoods based on the top quartile on a five‐item measure of disadvantage (alpha = 0.90). We examined past‐year family problems due to someone else's drinking (marriage difficulties and/or financial trouble) and victimisation by someone who had been drinking (having property vandalised and/or being pushed, hit or assaulted).ResultsDuring the prior 12 months, 6% of women and 3% of men experienced family problems from someone else's drinking, and 4% of women and 7% of men reported being victimised by drinkers. Multivariate logistic regression models adjusting for individual‐level socioeconomic status and other demographic characteristics showed the relationship between neighbourhood disadvantage and harms from someone else's drinking was moderated by gender, with significantly higher odds of family problems in disadvantaged neighbourhoods for men but not for women, as well as significantly higher odds of crime victimisation in disadvantaged neighbourhoods for women but not men.Discussion and ConclusionsExperiences of harms from someone else's drinking in disadvantaged neighbourhoods vary for men and women. Targeted intervention strategies are needed to reduce alcohol's harm to others. [Karriker‐Jaffe KJ, Greenfield TK. Gender differences in associations of neighbourhood disadvantage with alcohol's harms to others: A cross‐sectional study from the USA. Drug Alcohol Rev 2014;33:296–303]
Tobacco and alcohol use among Arab adults in Israel: Findings from a nationwide study
Authors: Lawental Maayan , Shoham Meyrav , Ron Pnina , Azaiza Faisal 
Published: February 2014

AbstractObjectiveThis comprehensive study focuses exclusively on adult Arabs in Israel and is aimed at examining tobacco and alcohol use rates and their predictors.MethodsOne thousand and two hundred Arab adults were randomly sampled via cluster sampling and interviewed using a structured questionnaire.ResultsForty‐four per cent of respondents reported tobacco use while 39% reported alcohol use. There were notable gender gaps in use, as well as differences between Muslims and Christians. Odds of using both tobacco and alcohol increased with having a greater tendency towards risk‐taking and more time spent partying. Odds of alcohol use also increased with having positive attitudes towards use, lower perceived risk and greater intention to use.ConclusionsThese findings add a more complete understanding to the phenomenon of tobacco and alcohol use among Arab adults in Israel and carry important implications for future research and practice. [Lawental M, Shoham M, Ron P, Azaiza F. Tobacco and alcohol use among Arab adults in Israel: Findings from a nationwide study. Drug Alcohol Rev 2014;33:327–332]
Extinction debt for plants and flower‐visiting insects in landscapes with contrasting land use history
Authors: Bommarco Riccardo , Lindborg Regina , Marini Lorenzo , Öckinger Erik 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAimSpecies are lost world‐wide because of habitat destruction and fragmentation. Impacted communities can exhibit transient dynamics in response to such environmental changes, where slow extinctions and immigration delay the arrival to a new equilibrium. Life history traits such as generation time, resource use and dispersal capacity, as well as landscape history can be expected to affect possible extinction debt, but few have examined this for multiple taxa in the same study and particularly so for arthropods. The aim was to assess under which current and historical land use circumstances an extinction debt occurs for vascular plants and three insect taxa.LocationSouth‐eastern Sweden.MethodWe sampled current species richness of habitat specialist and generalist butterflies, bees, hoverflies, and vascular plants in 45 dry to mesic semi‐natural grassland fragments of various size and degree of connectivity, and situated in landscapes with contrasting land use conversion history. Habitat loss was estimated in each landscape by comparing modern maps to ~45 year old digitized aerial photographs. An extinction debt can be assumed if historical habitat size and connectivity better explain current species distribution than current habitat variables do.ResultsBees responded rapidly to habitat loss possibly as a result of their primary nesting resource being destroyed. Interestingly, species richness of specialist plants was best explained by historical habitat connectivity, richness of hoverflies by historical habitat area, and richness of butterflies by both historical habitat area and connectivity, indicating extinction debt for these taxa. Habitat generalist butterflies and hoverflies, but not plants and bees, exhibited extinction debt mainly in relation to habitat area. No effect of landscape type was found on the observed extinction debt.Main conclusionsSlow extinctions of persistent and long‐lived plants might explain extinction debt for both plants and herbivorous insects linked to these plants.
Double balloon enteroscopy: Effective and minimally invasive method for removal of retained video capsules
Authors: Makipour Kian , Modiri Alexandra N. , Ehrlich Adam , Friedenberg Frank K. , Maranki Jennifer , Enestvedt Brintha K. , Heller Steven , Tokar Jeffrey , Haluszka Oleh 
Published: February 2014

Background and AimPrior case series document removal of retained video capsules predominantly via surgical intervention. Data on endoscopic removal of retained capsules are limited. Our aim was to describe an endoscopic method of retrieval using double balloon enteroscopy (DBE).MethodsA retrospective case series examination found 10 patients who underwent DBE for retrieval of a retained video capsule at two large tertiary referral academic centers from May 2007 to June 2013.ResultsMean age of patients was 64.9 ± 18.1 years (four females, six males). Five patients failed to pass the capsule as a result of an ileal or jejunal stricture (one patient with ulcerative colitis; four patients with Crohn's disease); two patients had a small bowel stricture as a result of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug enteropathy; one patient had intermittent partial small bowel obstruction without evidence of a stricture; one patient had an obstructing malignant jejunal mass and one patient had a small bowel stricture as a result of radiation enteritis. Endoscopic removal via DBE was successful in eight of 10 patients (80%). The remaining two patients underwent surgical removal of the retained capsule. The two failed cases of capsule retrieval were both patients with suspected ileal disease.ConclusionsThe most common cause of capsule retention was underlying Crohn's disease. DBE is an effective and minimally invasive method of capsule retrieval, including those patients with ileal disease, which has not been previously described. DBE can prevent unnecessary surgery while providing endoscopic therapy of inflammatory strictures by dilation.
A comparison of UP‐PCR and RAPD markers to study genetic diversity of Fusicladium effusum (G. Winter), cause of pecan scab
Authors: Bock C. H. , Endalew T. T. , Biswas B. K. , Yadav A. K. , Sitther V. , Hotchkiss M. W. , Stevenson K. L. , Wood B. W. 
Published: February 2014

SummaryFusicladium effusum infects pecan causing yield loss, but no information is available on the genetic diversity of F. effusum. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and universally primed polymerase chain reaction (UP‐PCR) were compared to detect polymorphisms on a group of 20 isolates of F. effusum from 11 geographical locations in the southeastern USA. Two tests (run 1 and 2) of both the RAPD and UP‐PCRs were conducted to assess the repeatability of the methods, and the markers scored on agarose gels. In addition, the UP‐PCR markers from run 1 were scored using an automated capillary system. Both RAPDs and UP‐PCR markers detected a high level of polymorphism among the scored markers (92 and 91% of RAPD markers, and 86 and 87% of manually scored UP‐PCR markers in run 1 and 2 were polymorphic, respectively; 93% of UP‐PCR markers were polymorphic when scored using the automated system). Unweighted paired group method of arithmetic averages (UPGMA) analysis showed both RAPDs and UP‐PCR markers individually identified each isolate, producing three groupings, but only the groupings based on run 1 and 2 of the UP‐PCR contained the same isolates. Bootstrap analysis based on the Dice coefficient produced phenograms from the UP‐PCR data with weak to moderate node support (≥54) for the primary branch, but no support for the RAPDs data (≤34). A Mantel test of runs 1 and 2 using RAPDs or UP‐PCR showed good agreement (r = 0.8761 and 0.8289, p < 0.0001), but poor agreement between RAPDs and UP‐PCR. UP‐PCR results based on the interisolate Dice coefficients showed a weak to strong association with distance. Based on these results, both RAPDs and UP‐PCR markers were capable of demonstrating polymorphisms and identifying relationships among isolates of F. effusum; however, UP‐PCR markers appear to be more reliable.
Prey Responses to Predator's Sounds: A Review and Empirical Study
Authors: Hettena Alexandra M. , Munoz Nicole , Blumstein Daniel T. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractMany animals assess their risk of predation by listening to and evaluating predators' vocalizations. We reviewed the literature to draw generalizations about predator discrimination abilities, the retention of these abilities over evolutionary time, and the potential underlying proximate mechanisms responsible for discrimination. Broadly, we found that some prey possess an ability to respond to a predator after having been evolutionarily isolated from a specific predator (i.e., predators are allopatric) and that some prey are predisposed to respond to certain types of predators that they coevolved with but without having ecological experience. However, these types of studies are lacking, and relatively, few studies have examined predator discrimination abilities in ungulates. To begin addressing these knowledge gaps, we performed field experiments on Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in which we investigated the ability of deer to discriminate among familiar predators [coyotes (Canis latrans) and mountain lions (Puma concolor)] and an evolutionary relevant predator with which deer have had no recent exposure [locally extinct wolves (Canis lupus)]. We found that Mule deer respond to and discriminate among predators based on predator vocalizations and have retained an ability to respond to wolves that have been extinct from the study area since the early 20th century. Previous playback studies have shown that responses vary among human‐habituated and non‐habituated populations and differ according to human proximity. Deer greater than 0.5 km from human residences allocated more time to heightened responses both before and after stimulus playback. Our findings may help predict how prey–predator interactions may change as a result of the recovering wolf population with a basis in ecological and evolutionary experience in predator discrimination and desensitization.
Organic carbon stocks and sequestration rates of forest soils in Germany
Authors: Grüneberg Erik , Ziche Daniel , Wellbrock Nicole 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe National Forest Soil Inventory (NFSI) provides the Greenhouse Gas Reporting in Germany with a quantitative assessment of organic carbon (C) stocks and changes in forest soils. Carbon stocks of the organic layer and the mineral topsoil (30 cm) were estimated on the basis of ca. 1.800 plots sampled from 1987 to 1992 and resampled from 2006 to 2008 on a nationwide grid of 8 × 8 km. Organic layer C stock estimates were attributed to surveyed forest stands and CORINE land cover data. Mineral soil C stock estimates were linked with the distribution of dominant soil types according to the Soil Map of Germany (1 : 1 000 000) and subsequently related to the forest area. It appears that the C pool of the organic layer was largely depending on tree species and parent material, whereas the C pool of the mineral soil varied among soil groups. We identified the organic layer C pool as stable although C was significantly sequestered under coniferous forest at lowland sites. The mineral soils, however, sequestered 0.41 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. Carbon pool changes were supposed to depend on stand age and forest transformation as well as an enhanced biomass input. Carbon stock changes were clearly attributed to parent material and soil groups as sandy soils sequestered higher amounts of C, whereas clayey and calcareous soils showed small gains and in some cases even losses of soil C. We further showed that the largest part of the overall sample variance was not explained by fine‐earth stock variances, rather by the C concentrations variance. The applied uncertainty analyses in this study link the variability of strata with measurement errors. In accordance to other studies for Central Europe, the results showed that the applied method enabled a reliable nationwide quantification of the soil C pool development for a certain period.
Migrant care workers and rehospitalization among older patients discharged from acute care hospitals
Authors: Fusco Sergio , Corsonello Andrea , Chiatti Carlos , Fabbietti Paolo , Salerno Giovanni , De Bonis Eugenio , Corica Francesco , Lattanzio Fabrizia 
Published: February 2014

AimThe relationship between support at home and rehospitalization has not been extensively studied until now. In particular, little is known about the impact of being assisted by migrant care workers (MCW) and rehospitalization. We aimed at investigating such a relationship in a population of older patients discharged from hospitals.MethodsOur series consisted of 506 patients aged 65 years or older consecutively enrolled in a prospective observational study involving 11 acute care medical wards throughout Italy. The outcome of the study was the occurrence of at least one rehospitalization during 1‐year follow up. Information derived from comprehensive geriatric assessment, discharge diagnoses and prescribed drugs were collected during the index hospitalization. Data about formal and informal assistance (spouse, son, other relative, MCW, home nursing) were collected. The relationship between study variables and rehospitalization was assessed using logistic regression.ResultsBeing assisted by MCW was independently associated with the outcome (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.10–4.37), as were complete dependency (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.28–5.79) and overall comorbidity (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.10–1.43). Older age was associated with a lower likelihood of rehospitalization (age 75–84 vs <75 years OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.30–0.92; age ≥85 vs <75 years OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.12–0.65).ConclusionsBeing assisted by MCW could contribute to an increase in the rate of use of hospital resources for older complex patients. This finding raises the need for educational efforts targeting MCW. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 15: 196–203.
Relationship of thresholds of physical performance to nutritional status in older hospitalized male cardiac patients
Authors: Izawa Kazuhiro P , Watanabe Satoshi , Oka Koichiro 
Published: February 2014

AimNutrition is the focus of a new treatment target in older hospitalized cardiac patients. However, little is known about the differences in nutritional status in relation to physical performance in these inpatients. We determined the differences in physical performance based on the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and physical performance cut‐off values according to the GNRI in older male cardiac inpatients.MethodsWe enrolled 251 Japanese male inpatients aged ≥65 years (mean age 74.7 years) with cardiac disease in the present cross‐sectional study. We divided the patients into two groups according to GNRI: high‐GNRI group (≥92 points; n = 178) and low‐GNRI group (<92 points; n = 73). In‐hospital physical performance as measured by handgrip strength (HG), knee extensor muscle strength (KEMS), gait speed (GS), and one‐leg standing time (OLST) was assessed and compared between the two groups to determine cut‐off values of physical performance.ResultsAfter adjustment for age, HG, KEMS, GS and OLST were significantly lower in the low‐GNRI versus high‐GNRI group. Cut‐off values by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were 25.75 kgf (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.740; P < 0.001) for HG strength, 46.1% for bodyweight (AUC = 0.742; P < 0.01) for KEMS, 1.45 m/s (AUC = 0.782; P < 0.01) for GS and 11.32 s (AUC = 0.705; P < 0.01) for OLST.ConclusionThe risk of poor nutrition, as shown by a low GNRI, could be a useful predictor of physical performance. The cut‐off values determined in the present study might be expected minimum target values that can be attained by Japanese older male cardiac inpatients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 15 189–195.