bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Educating for living diversity: ‘Migrant’ identities, belonging and community‐centred pedagogies for social justice
Authors: Gholami Reza , Costantini Giada 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the continued conundrums of racial and religious diversity in education. While social diversity is steadily increasing in Global North countries, there is little evidence of meaningful conviviality. Conversely, despite decades of dedicated multiculturalist policymaking, there is ample evidence of persisting educational disparities affecting pupils from minority backgrounds, as well as de facto segregation inside classrooms. This paper examines two reasons for the ongoing situation. Firstly, we explore the history of ‘intercultural’ approaches to education and demonstrate that they are too detached from the unequal dynamics of social and political life in diverse contexts. Secondly, we employ the concept of ‘museumification’ to show that diversity is often performed and curated, which ultimately keeps dominant structures intact. We conducted multi‐stakeholder participatory research in Birmingham, UK. The research involved several stages and outcomes, including collecting stories from Birmingham denizens with a refugee/immigrant background, working with a celebrated photographer to produce portraits of participants and using these materials to co‐produce educational resources for primary and secondary schools. Our findings suggest that ‘diversity’ must be approached, taught and learned as a lived/living reality, which will account for its highly complex, iterative and dis/located dynamics at the level of individual and communal identities. We articulate this through the concept of ‘living diversity’.
Training, assessment and competence in Counselling for Depression: Experiences of trainees, trainers and supervisors
Authors: O'Brien Reginald Thomas , Burr Vivien , Dale Heather 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundSince the inception of Counselling for Depression (CfD) in the UK as a competence‐based training course for experienced therapists, there has been remarkably little empirical work exploring the experiences and views of trainees and those involved in course delivery.AimsThis qualitative study aimed to explore trainees', trainers' and supervisors' experiences of CfD training and their perceptions and understanding of competence in the context of CfD training and assessment.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were carried out with 19 participants recruited from two UK training courses and the BACP Practice Network. The interviews were analysed using Template Analysis.FindingsTwo key themes are reported here: tensions in the CfD competence model and tensions in CfD methods of training and assessment. Participants reported challenges in adapting to the CfD model. They felt that its use drew them away from core values in their practice so that they felt their identity as a therapist was threatened. In particular, they questioned the possibility of integrating person‐centred and emotion‐focussed approaches and felt that the directivity of emotion‐focussed therapy was out of keeping with their core practice values. They also identified a number of difficulties with the CfD training and assessment; the training period was seen as an inadequate preparation for workplace practice, and the assessment process was criticised for being too narrow and was regarded as having little connection to the competence framework.ConclusionThe findings suggest a need for changes in policy and practice, specifically in regard to training and assessment.
Deciphering the cellular landscape and potential targets of nasopharyngeal and oral cancers using single‐cell RNA sequencing
Authors: Zhang Yanfei , Qin Xiaoyu , Lou Weihua , Wang Liang , Lu Wuhao , Gao Changhui , Hu Shousen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCellular heterogeneity in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) and oral cancer remains unclear. In the current study, using single‐cell RNA sequencing techniques, we investigated the cellular landscape in NPC and oral cancers. We identified a diverse range of cell types within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and variations in cell infiltration between NPC and oral cancer. In oral cancer, we observed a predominant infiltration of epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells (ECs), while T cells were the main infiltrating cell population in NPCs. We further classified these infiltrating cells into subclusters. Additionally, we observed complex interactions among cells that led to distinct trajectories. In particular, a unique epithelial subcluster with high expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC‐II) molecules was correlated with a favorable outcome and infiltration of CD4+ T cells. In addition, MHC‐II+ epithelial cells inhibited mouse tumor growth and promoted T‐cell infiltration. Consequently, our findings provide a deep understanding of the TME showing a significant prognostic value and therapeutic potential.
Effects of different timing and rate of glyphosate application on the residue level, grain quality, and processing performance of two Canadian malting barley varieties
Authors: Izydorczyk Marta S. , McMillan T. , Tittlemier S. A. , O'Donovan J. , Tidemann B. D. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesA preharvest application of glyphosate on malting barley can assist in the management of perennial weed growth before harvest and serves as a harvest aid by drying down the crop. The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of preharvest glyphosate application at two glyphosate rates (900 or 1125 g ae/ha) and three application timings based on the maturity and seed moisture level (soft dough, hard dough, or mature).FindingsThe levels of glyphosate residue in barley grain were highly variable among locations and years ranging from 0 to 95 mg/kg. Glyphosate application at both rates at the soft dough stage significantly decreased the kernel weight of barley grain. Barley grain with up to 40 mg/kg of glyphosate residue exhibited adequate germination energy required for malting purposes; however, the residue negatively affected the growth of roots during the malting process. The levels of α‐amylase in malt decreased with increasing levels of glyphosate residue in barley. Other malt and wort parameters were generally not affected by the glyphosate application on barley.ConclusionsToo early application of glyphosate at the soft dough stage of barley grain development reduced the kernel weight and size, interfered with roots production, affected synthesis of α‐amylase, and reduced the malt extract in several cases.Significance and NoveltyResults indicated that in the majority of environments, when glyphosate was applied at the recommended stage and rate, neither the maximum residue limit was exceeded nor were the germination and malting quality of barley impaired. In real farming conditions, it might be hard to achieve similar results despite adherence to the recommended timing of glyphosate application because of the nonuniform level of crop maturity in the field and/or uncontrollable environmental effects.
Fatal case of meningococcal meningitis in a child from rural Bhutan: A case report
Authors: Bhandari Purushotam , Dorji Thinley , Sharma Tulsi Ram , Mynak Mimi Lhamu 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageN meningiditis remains an important cause of central nervous system infection. A high index of suspicion is required especially in infants. While empirical antibiotics may be initiated, diagnostic measures must be adopted for guided therapy. Notification of such cases contributes to surveillance data and deciding on providing vaccines to the population.
Anti‐PL‐12 anti‐synthetase syndrome manifesting with multiple digital ischemia: Case report & review of the literature
Authors: Doumeth Sarah Abi , Petrinec Emily , Chaudhary Haseeb , Mattar Maya 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageAcute digital ischemia is a rare manifestation of anti‐synthetase syndrome in the absence of Raynaud's phenomenon. A high index of suspicion may result in early diagnosis and better clinical outcomes.AbstractA 61‐year‐old male patient was admitted to the hospital for worsening arthralgias with morning stiffness lasting hours, as well as left sided headaches, and jaw pain while eating. He had significant weight loss and subjective fever at home. Multiple fingers and toes were noted to be ischemic. His laboratory workup was pertinent for significantly elevated inflammatory markers, and mild Creatinine kinase elevation. Chest imaging and later lung biopsy were notable for organizing pneumonia. Conventional angiogram showed evidence of significant digital disease without collaterals. Subsequent autoimmune screening tests with extended myositis‐specific and myositis‐associated panels revealed a strongly positive anti‐PL‐12 antibody and moderately positive anti‐ SSA‐52KD IgG ab. After ruling out infectious etiologies and malignancy, anti‐synthetase syndrome (ASyS) diagnosis was considered in the presence of ischemic digits, organizing pneumonia, polyarthralgia, constitutional symptoms, increased inflammatory markers and positive antibodies. The patient was treated with high dose prednisone and mycophenolate mofetil along with amlodipine and sildenafil for digital vasodilation. Acute digital ischemia may be the first manifestation of ASyS with ILD. A high index of suspicion is warranted for early diagnosis and better outcomes.
An empirical exploration of the drivers of trust in consumer financial services
Authors: Pattit Jason M. , Pattit Katherina G. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStudies on trust in financial institutions are scattered across the literature and the results are often inconsistent, highlighting the need for additional investigation. Thus, relying on 1697 responses to a self‐administered online questionnaire from consumers aged 18 or older in the U.S., we empirically examined several of these inconsistencies. Specifically, we explored how trust differs between seven types of financial services providers and between “customers” and “familiar non‐customers” for each provider type. We also investigated how sociodemographic characteristics, generalized trust, previous experience, and the behavior and characteristics of financial services providers impact trust in different types of providers for “customers” versus “familiar non‐customers.” Our results show that trust ratings differ across providers and between “customers” and “familiar non‐customer” for the same provider type. Our results also show that there are distinct drivers of trust for “familiar non‐customers” and “customers.” Indicators of reputation are important drivers of trust for “familiar non‐customers,” especially for online‐only financial companies. Shared values, interest protection, and personalized service are important drivers of trust for “customers,” especially for investment/brokerage firms, national banks, and credit unions. Taken together, these findings can help researchers and practitioners to better design marketing strategies geared toward building, maintaining, and repairing trust.
Furrow irrigation spacing effects on corn production in vertisols of the Mississippi Delta
Authors: Freeland Trey , Gholson Drew M. , Lo Tsz Him , Singh Gurbir , Kaur Gurpreet , Larson Erick J. , Prince Czarnecki Joby M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe majority of soils in the Mississippi Delta are vertisols, whose shrink–swell behavior makes them prone to waterlogging when subjected to excessive infiltration amounts from conventional management of furrow irrigation. The goal of this investigation was to examine if corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield and quality (test weight, kernel composition, and kernel weight) can be improved in vertisols of this region by widening furrow irrigation spacing while increasing furrow inflow rate proportionally to reduce waterlogging. A research station study at the National Center for Alluvial Aquifer Research and an on‐farm study near Glen Allan, Mississippi, were conducted from 2021 to 2023. Furrow irrigation spacing treatments in the research station study included 3.3 ft, 6.7 ft, 13.3 ft, and 26.7 ft. The on‐farm study included 10 ft, 20 ft, and “tractor track” (alternating between 10 and 30 ft furrow irrigation spacing) treatments. The three years of the research station study showed that the 26.7‐ft treatment yielded 8.5% higher than the narrower treatments at the top position of the field (50–100 ft from the topographically higher end of 500 ft furrows). Higher grain protein and kernel weight were observed halfway between two irrigated furrows of the 13.3‐ft and 26.7‐ft treatments than adjacent to irrigated furrows of any treatment. Corn grain yield in the on‐farm study was not significantly different among furrow irrigation spacing treatments. This research demonstrates that furrow irrigation spacing can be widened to at least 26.7 ft in vertisols of the Mississippi Delta without decreasing corn grain yield and quality.
Ultrasonication‐Boosted Resorcinol‐Formaldehyde Resin Nanoparticle Bromine Fixation and Corresponding Upgraded Aquatic Applications
Authors: Wu Yutong , Wang Qianhui , Yang Keke , Xie Qihong , Wang Guotao , Ma Xinxi , Pan Jiahao , Xia Qiancheng , Wagner Wayko D. , Zhang Yi , Liu Xiang , Wang Chao , Wang Zhoulu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBromine (Br2) and related species removal from water systems are rather complicated due to the complicated chemistry instability, and materials with high Br2 removal rate and efficiency, along with stimuli/apparatus suitable for highly corrosive environments, are necessary. Ultrasonication as a non‐destructive process is especially suitable in scenarios where conventional stir apparatus is not applicable, such as highly corrosive environments. Considering the validity nature of Br2 and combining the advantages of ultrasonic with a highly stable Br2 fixation method through aromatic polymer nanoparticles, we demonstrate highly efficient acoustic‐aided Br2 removal in aqueous solutions with two times capacity compared to the non‐treated sample. Related aquatic applications are also proposed for the materials to be cost‐effective, including silver (Ag) recovery, recyclable MnO2‐mediated Br2 deep removal, and aqueous zinc anode modification. The coupled novel‐material‐based processes motivate the strategic design of water purification with high‐safety and sustainable industrial procedures and post‐value‐added utilizations.
Acid‐Promoted Self‐Photocatalyzed Regioselective Oxidation: A Novel Strategy for Accessing Quinoxaline‐2,3‐diones
Authors: Song Shengjie , Peng Xiaoqing , Zhou Binjie , Zheng Lijun , Sun Jie , Chen Zhi , Li Jianjun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDisclosed here is an efficient approach for the preparation of quinoxaline‐2,3‐diones using air (O2) as a green oxidant via acid‐promoted self‐photocatalyzed regioselective oxidation of quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones at C‐3 position. This protocol presents a novel synthetic route for the preparation of quinoxaline‐2,3‐dione derivatives, featuring mild reaction conditions, simple operation, and a wide range of substrates, without the need for external photocatalysts, metal reagents, and strong oxidants.
The Possible Aromatic Conjugation via the Different Edges of (Car)Borane Clusters: Can the Relationship Between 3D and 2D Aromatic Systems Be Reconciled?
Authors: Buzsáki Dániel , Gál Dalma , Harcsa‐Pintér Zsófia , Kalabay László , Kelemen Zsolt 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe possible aromatic conjugation between 3D and 2D aromatic units is in the focus since the synthesis of benzocarborane. It has been showed that in the 3D aromatic icosahedral 1,2‐dicarba‐closo‐dodecaborane systems fused with 2D aromatic rings a global 3D/2D aromaticity does not exist. Despite this fact during the last years several studies proposed interactions between 2D and 3D moieties. Herein, while tuning the size and the effective charge of the (car)borane systems, we demonstrate that global aromatic character can be excluded in any investigated cases, and the detectable conjugative properties can be explained the effect of the well‐known negative hyperconjugation.
Molecular Docking of Chiral Drug Enantiomers With Different Bioactivities
Authors: Semenova Ekaterina V. , Belova Ekaterina V. , Sulimov Alexey V. , Sulimov Vladimir B. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTChirality has an important role in the drug design because enantiomers may exhibit different bioactivity when interacting with macromolecules of a living organism. In our previous work, based on the analysis of a set of 100 chiral drugs, a relationship was established between the sign of chirality of enantiomers and their bioactivity. To understand the reasons for the observed patterns of chiral specificity of drug enantiomers, the interaction of 10 enantiomeric pairs of chiral drugs with the corresponding target proteins has been considered using molecular docking and further postprocessing by quantum chemistry methods. The data obtained confirm that the energetic aspect of the interaction between opposite enantiomers and target protein affects the enantiomer biological activity. In addition, the results show that molecular docking is able to distinguish between bioactive and inactive/less active enantiomers, although many docking programs are not accurate enough to distinguish a weak inhibitor from a strong one.
Artificial Intelligence in Dental Caries Diagnosis and Detection: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Negi Sapna , Mathur Ankita , Tripathy Snehasish , Mehta Vini , Snigdha Niher Tabassum , Adil Abdul Habeeb , Karobari Mohmed Isaqali 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimDental caries is largely preventable, yet an important global health issue. Numerous systematic reviews have summarized the efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) models for the diagnosis and detection of dental caries. Therefore, this umbrella review aimed to synthesize the results of systematic reviews on the application and effectiveness of AI models in diagnosing and detecting dental caries.MethodsMEDLINE/PubMed, IEEE Explore, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched to retrieve studies. Two authors independently screened the articles based on eligibility criteria and then, appraised the included articles. The findings are summarized in tabulation form and discussed using the narrative method.ResultA total of 1249 entries were identified out of which 7 were finally included. The most often employed AI algorithms were the multilayer perceptron, support vector machine (SVM), and neural networks. The algorithms were built to perform the segmentation, classification, caries detection, diagnosis, and caries prediction from several sources, including periapical radiographs, panoramic radiographs, smartphone images, bitewing radiographs, near‐infrared light transillumination images, and so forth. Convoluted neural networks (CNN) demonstrated high sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve in the caries detection, segmentation, and classification tests. Notably, AI in conjunction with periapical and panoramic radiography images yielded better accuracy in detecting and diagnosing dental caries.ConclusionAI models, especially convolutional neural network (CNN)‐based models, have an enormous amount of potential for accurate, objective dental caries diagnosis and detection. However, ethical considerations and cautious adoption remain critical to its successful integration into routine practice.
Factors Impacting Quality of Life in a Group of Iranian Patients in Chronic Oral Mucosal Disease Following Treatment?
Authors: Shooriabi Mohammad , Mousavy Sedigheh Modarres , Kaabomeir Farideh , Jafari Elham 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the impact of treatment on the quality of life of patients with chronic oral mucosal diseases. Specifically, the study aimed to determine how treatment affects the changes in the quality of life of these patients.MethodsThis descriptive study involved 220 patients diagnosed with chronic oral mucosal lesions. Data were collected using the Chronic Oral Mucosal Disease Questionnaire, validated for use in Persian/Farsi. The study population was selected through convenience sampling. Data analysis employed descriptive statistical methods, including frequency and percentage distribution tables, graphs, measures of central tendency, and dispersion. Additionally, confidence intervals were utilized for the studied ratios and indices.ResultsAmong the study population, 129 (58.6%) were male and 91 (41.4%) were female. The mean quality of life, as assessed by the utilized questionnaire, was 61.9 ± 13.2. The results indicated that females and unemployed individuals reported lower quality of life compared to males and employed individuals, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05).ConclusionIn the population studied the quality of life of patients with chronic mucous membrane diseases was influenced by various factors, including gender, income, employment, and place of residence.
Prevalence of Middle Mesial Canal in Mandibular First Permanent Molars in a Persian Population: An In Vivo Cone‐Beam Computed Tomography Study
Authors: Hajizadeh Samaneh , Amiri Morteza Khodabandeh , Mihandoust Sanaz , Sabet Zhaleh Shafiei , Khomeiran Rasoul Tabari 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study aimed to identify the prevalence of the middle mesial canal (MMC) in mandibular first permanent molars in a Persian subpopulation sample using cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT). The secondary aim was to correlate the incidence of MMC with variables such as gender, age, and the presence of an additional distal canal.Materials and MethodA total of 390 mandibular first molars from 314 CBCT images were retrospectively evaluated. The presence of the MMC was recorded while considering related factors such as additional distal canal and demographic information of the patients (age and gender). Fisher's exact tests and independent‐samples t‐test were used for the statistical comparisons with a significance level of 0.05.ResultsAmong 390 mandibular first molars, 34 teeth contained an MMC (8.7%). The number of teeth with the MMC in women was equal to that of men. There was no significant difference between the two genders in the prevalence of the MMC (p > 0.05). The prevalence of patients' MMC had no significant relationship with their age (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant association between the presence of the MMC and an additional distal canal (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe incidence of an additional distal canal in teeth with a diagnosed MMC was statistically significant. The prevalence of the MMC in mandibular first molars in the study population was low; however, accurate knowledge of root canal morphology in terms of the presence of an additional root canal in these teeth should be considered.