bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Therapy in Critically Ill Polytrauma Patients with Severe Head Injury
Authors: Luca Loredana , Rogobete Alexandru Florin , Bedreag Ovidiu Horea 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death among critically ill patients from the Intensive Care Units (ICU). After primary traumatic injuries, secondary complications occur, which are responsible for the progressive degradation of the clinical status in this type of patients. These include severe inflammation, biochemical and physiological imbalances and disruption of the cellular functionality. The redox cellular potential is determined by the oxidant/antioxidant ratio. Redox potential is disturbed in case of TBI leading to oxidative stress (OS). A series of agression factors that accumulate after primary traumatic injuries lead to secondary lesions represented by brain ischemia and hypoxia, inflammatory and metabolic factors, coagulopathy, microvascular damage, neurotransmitter accumulation, blood-brain barrier disruption, excitotoxic damage, blood-spinal cord barrier damage, and mitochondrial dysfunctions. A cascade of pathophysiological events lead to accelerated production of free radicals (FR) that further sustain the OS. To minimize the OS and restore normal oxidant/antioxidant ratio, a series of antioxidant substances is recommended to be administrated (vitamin C, vitamin E, resveratrol, N-acetylcysteine). In this paper we present the biochemical and pathophysiological mechanism of action of FR in patients with TBI and the antioxidant therapy available.
Health Care Professional’s Attitude Towards the Effective Management of Pain in the Critically Ill Neonate
Authors: Suciu Laura Mihaela , Cucerea Manuela , Simon Marta , Avasiloaiei Andreea , Petrescu Olimpia , Andrei Suciu Bogdan 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Introduction: Over the past 25 years, caregiver’s knowledge of pain in newborn infants has advanced from the beliefs that newborn infants do not feel pain, to the knowledge that preterm infants experience more pain compare to older children and adults. However, caregivers know that pain exists in this population and research has supported that pain continues to be untreated up to 65% of the time.

Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitude and knowledge of health care professionals from the area of Neonatology in Romania regarding procedural pain management in newborn infants.

Material and methods: The sample consisted of 85 physicians and nurses (110 invited) working in five Neonatal Care Centres. Data were collected using a self-completion, 17 items questionnaire designed for this study.

Results: With a response rate of 77.27% which was similar in nurses and physicians, respondents in our study were aware about the pain experience during procedural interventions, recognized the items of pain scales assessment, and are not comfortable with the parental presence during painful procedures. Twenty-five percent of nurses versus 9% of physicians reported rushed care as an important barrier of adequate non-pharmacological pain management (95% IC, 0.319-0.003)

Conclusions: The use of pain protocols for an effective management of pain during neonatal period is required.
Neutrophil Viability as a Clinical Outcome Marker in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Trauma Patients: A Case Series
Authors: Benedek Orsolya , Veres Mihaly , Dobreanu Minodora 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Background: Trauma in its early stages leads to an acute inflammatory condition affecting all cellular lines. Neutrophil granulocytes make up the largest population of human white blood cells and are fundamental to the innate immune system. The objective of our pilot study was to evaluate neutrophil death and viability alterations in critically ill trauma patients in correlation with their clinical outcome.

Material and method: Critical ill trauma patients were enrolled in the study. In order to assess alterations in cellular death, blood samples were drawn using EDTA containing tubes and analyzed in the first twenty four hours after admission, then after forty eight and seventy two hours. Annexin V was used as a marker for apoptotic cells and propidium iodide for necrotic cells.

Results: The first two cases exhibited an increase in cellular viability by the second day as shown by a small increase in neutrophil apoptosis and a decrease in neutrophil necrosis. These patients progressed to a positive clinical outcome. The second two cases showed slight modifications in either physiological or pathological cellular death, and increasing levels of cellular necrosis. These patients progressed to a negative clinical outcome.

Conclusions: These cases suggest that neutrophil cell viability and death were associated with the patient’s clinical outcome.
Dyson line and modified Dyson line in the EPR measurements
Authors: Popovych Volodymyr , Bester Mariusz , Stefaniuk Ireneusz , Kuzma Marian 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The difficulty in determining the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) line parameters of ferromagnetic semiconductors has been addressed. For these materials, the resonance line is very broad and lies at low resonance field, so that only a part of the line can be detected experimentally. Moreover, the line is of asymmetric (Dysonian) shape as described by the line shape parameter α. We have compared values of line parameters derived by computer fitting of the whole experimental EPR line to the Dyson function (or modified Dyson function) with the values obtained by applying this procedure to the left and the right half of the line.
The dynamics of the surface layer of lipid membranes doped by vanadium complex: computer modeling and EPR studies
Authors: Olchawa Ryszard , Man Dariusz , Pytel Barbara 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Penetration of the liposome membranes doped with vanadium complex formed in the liquid-crystalline phase from egg yolk lecithin (EYL) by the TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) spin probes has been investigated. The penetration process was followed by 360 hours at 24°C, using the electron spin resonance (EPR) method. The spectroscopic parameter of the partition (F) of this probe indicated that a maximum rigidity of the membrane was at 3% concentration of the vanadium complex. Computer simulations showed that the increase in the rigidity of the membrane corresponds to the closure of gaps in the surface layer of the membrane, and indicates the essential role of the membrane surface in transport processes.
Copper-manganese-zinc spinels in zeolites: study of EMR spectra
Authors: Decyk Piotr , Więckowski Andrzej B. , Najder-Kozdrowska Lidia , Bilkova Iveta 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study is the application of electron magnetic resonance (EMR) spectroscopy to determine the interactions between NaY and HY zeolites and Cu-Mn-Zn spinels loaded onto the zeolite surfaces. The materials were characterized using XRD and IR spectroscopies. Four types of EMR lines were observed for Cu-Mn-Zn/NaY, Cu-Mn-Zn/HY samples. The difference between the EMR spectra recorded at 77 and 293 K has been shown. The spectra recorded at 77 K allowed us to distinguish between the species formed on NaY and HY zeolites. The EMR spectrum of Cu-Mn-Zn/NaY recorded at 77 K showed only one line attributed to antiferromagnetic spinels Cu1.4Mn1.6O4 and ZnMn2O4 or/and Cu0.5Zn0.5Mn2O4. The spinels appeared to be more stable (more strongly attached) on HY zeolite than on NaY one. It was proved that different strength of interactions between the zeolites and Cu-Mn-Zn spinels was caused by differences in the acidity of NaY and HY zeolites.
Effect of microwave power on EPR spectra of thermally sterilized eucerinum anhydricum
Authors: Ramos Paweł , Pepliński Piotr , Pilawa Barbara 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Free radicals formed during thermal sterilization of eucerinum anhydricum – the pharmaceutical base were examined by an X-band (9.3 GHz) spectrometer. Eucerinum anhydricum was sterilized at different physical conditions according to the Polish Pharmacopeia norms. The samples were heated at temperatures: 160°C (120 min), 170°C (60 min), and 180°C (30 min). The aim of this study is to compare free radical concentration and effect of microwave power on EPR spectra of eucerinum anhydricum base thermally sterilized at different temperatures and periods of time. The effect of time storage on the free radicals in the heated samples was tested. Free radical concentrations in the sample stored 15 min strongly decreased with the increasing of sterilization temperature, probably as the result of recombination. Storage caused strong decrease of free radical concentrations in the samples, probably as the result of interactions with oxygen. It was observed to be independent of sterilization conditions from 2 days of storage and longer. Because of the lowest free radical concentration, for eucerinum anhydricum thermal sterilization at 180°C for 30 min is recommended. The sterilized samples should be stored at inert atmosphere without oxygen molecules. Fast spin-lattice relaxation processes existed in sterilized eucerinum anhydricum. The character of changes of amplitudes and linewidths of EPR lines with increasing of microwave power was the same for different storage times. The parameters of thermal sterilization and storage time influenced free radical concentration in eucerinum anhydricum, but magnetic spin-lattice interactions were unchanged. The usefulness of EPR spectroscopy in optimization of thermal sterilization process of eucerinum anhydricum was confirmed.
Changes of Winter Oilseed Rape Plant Survival During Vegetation
Authors: Balodis Oskars , Gaile Zinta 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) significance among field crops is unchangeable in Latvia in the last decade. Plant density of winter oilseed rape during growth period is influenced by plant development in autumn and plant wintering. The aim of four year (2008 – 2011) research in the LLU Research and Study farm “Vecauce” was to investigate the influence of agronomical factors (sowing date, sowing rate, fungicide (metkonazole)) application and meteorological factors on two type (line, hybrid) winter oilseed rape varieties plant density changes from sowing till harvesting. Plant density in autumn, spring and during harvesting was influenced also by meteorological parameters such as air temperature and precipitation. On four year average, field germination was observed from 66% to 95%. Sowing date significantly (p<0.05) impacted plant survival during winters in all trial years for both varieties – ‘Californium’ and ‘Excalibur’, except for ‘Excalibur’ in the year 2008. Plant survival during winter for ‘Excalibur’ (hybrid) was higher compared to ‘Californium’ (line). Higher plant losses during winter were noted on the latest sowing date for both varieties. Winter oilseed rape plant survival was not significantly (p>0.05) influenced by fungicide as growth regulator application in autumn in any trial year. Influence of sowing date and sowing rate on the total plant density at harvest time was significant in all trial years (p<0.05) for both varieties. At higher sowing rate the plant loss during growing period was higher than at lower rates.
Generation of a Test Reference Year for Alūksne, Latvia
Authors: Ruduks Mārtiņš , Lešinskis Arturs 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Precise and reliable meteorological data are necessary for building performance analysis. Since meteorological conditions vary significantly from year to year, there is a need to create a test reference year (TRY), to represent the long-term weather conditions over a year. In this paper two different TRY data models were generated and compared: TRY and TRY-2. Both models where created by analysing every 3-hour weather data for a 30-year period (1984–2013) in Alūksne, Latvia, provided by the Latvian Environment Geology and Meteorology Centre (LEGMC). TRY model was generated according to standard LVS EN ISO 15927-4, but to create second model - TRY-2, 30 year average data were applied. The generated TRY contains typical months from a number of different years. The data gathered from TRY and TRY-2 models where compared with the climate data from the Latvian Cabinet of Ministers regulation No. 379, Regulations Regarding Latvian Building Code LBN 003-01. Average monthly temperature values in LBN 003-01 were lower than the TRY and TRY-2 values. The results of this study may be used in building energy simulations and heating-cooling load calculations for selected region. TRY selection process should include the most recent meteorological observations and should be periodically renewed to reflect the long-term climate change.
The changing face of gestational diabetes: the effect of the shift from risk factor-based to comprehensive screening
Authors: Koivunen Sanna , Kajantie Eero , Torkki Annukka , Bloigu Aini , Gissler Mika , Pouta Anneli , Vääräsmäki Marja 
Published: August 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of the change in the gestational diabetes (GDM) screening policy from risk-factor based to comprehensive screening on the prevalence and type of GDM and characteristics of GDM pregnancies.DesignPopulation-based register study in Finland. Subjects were GDM women who gave birth before (2006,n=5185) and after (2010,n=6683) the policy change. All the other women in those years without pre-pregnancy diabetes acted as controls (51 759 and 52 398 respectively).MethodsGDM women with singleton pregnancy were identified through The Finnish Medical Birth Register by abnormal oral glucose tolerance test or initiation of insulin. Main outcome measures were prevalence of GDM (total and insulin/diet-treated), and caesarean section rate.ResultsThe proportion of screened mothers increased from 27.5 to 51.3% and the total prevalence of GDM from 9.1 to 11.3%. This increase consisted mainly of diet-treated mothers, while the number and proportion of insulin-treated mothers decreased (21.8% vs13.3%,P<0.001). The proportion of primiparous women increased (34.5–39.4%,P<0.0001) and mean pre-pregnancy BMI decreased (28.6–28.2,P<0.001). The overall caesarean section rate remained the same but increased among women with GDM (20.8–22.1%) adjusted odds ratios being 1.22 (95% CI 1.14, 1.31) during comprehensive and 1.10 (95% CI 1.02, 1.19) during risk factor-based screening.ConclusionsThe shift to comprehensive screening led to a significant increase in women with GDM, who were more often primiparous and had a lower BMI. Comprehensive screening did not perform better in diagnosing women needing insulin treatment.
Risk of Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Bilirubin Exchange Transfusion Thresholds
Authors: Wickremasinghe Andrea C. , Risley Robert J. , Kuzniewicz Michael W. , Wu Yvonne W. , Walsh Eileen M. , Wi Soora , McCulloch Charles E. , Newman Thomas B. 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:High bilirubin levels are associated with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). However, few large studies of relative and excess risk exist. We sought to quantify the risk of SNHL in newborns who had bilirubin levels at or above American Academy of Pediatrics exchange transfusion thresholds (ETT).METHODS:Infants born at ≥35 weeks gestation in 15 Kaiser Permanente Northern California hospitals from 1995-2011 were eligible (N = 525 409). We used a nested double cohort design. The exposed cohort included subjects with ≥1 bilirubin level at or above ETT. The unexposed cohort was a 3.6% random sample of subjects with all bilirubin levels below ETT (10 unexposed per exposed). An audiologist, blinded to bilirubin levels, reviewed the charts of children in whom SNHL had been diagnosed before age 8 years to confirm the diagnosis. We calculated Cox proportional hazard ratios for time to diagnosis of SNHL.RESULTS:SNHL was confirmed in 11 (0.60%) of the 1834 exposed subjects and in 43 (0.23%) of the 19 004 unexposed. Only bilirubin levels ≥10 mg/dL above ETT were associated with a statistically significant increased risk of SNHL (hazard ratio: 36 [95% confidence interval (CI): 13 to 101]). Likewise, only bilirubin levels ≥35 mg/dL were associated with a statistically significant increased risk of SNHL (hazard ratio: 91 [95% CI: 32 to 255]). For subjects with total serum bilirubin levels 0 to 4.9 mg/dL above ETT, the upper limit of the 95% CI for excess risk was 0.5%.CONCLUSIONS:Only bilirubin levels well above ETT were associated with SNHL. At lower bilirubin levels, the excess risk of SNHL was low.
CONFLITOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS NA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL DO MORRO DO URUBU EM ARACAJU-SE
Authors: Pessoa de Melo Felippe 
Published: August 2015

O Morro do Urubu é uma área de proteção ambiental criada pelo decreto nº 13.713 publicado em 15 de junho de 1993, na então gestão do governador João Alves Filho. Essa APA é o último resquício de Mata Atlântica em Aracaju-SE, estando inserida dentro dos domínios do Parque Estadual José Rollemberg Leite, conhecido localmente como Parque da Cidade. Mas devido ineficiência do poder público em gerir essa APA, o perímetro urbano está crescendo de formar irregular dentro dos limites desse patrimônio natural aracajuano, sendo também encontrados locais onde ocorrem práticas agrícolas de subsistência. É necessário compreender que o ato de criar uma APA através de um decreto não garante a seguridade dessa patrimônio ambiental, logo a população local tem correlações com esse local que devem ser compreendidas, de formar que a implantação da APA venha a contribuir com o bem estar social e não se tornar mais um elemento difusor de conflitos socioambientais. Palavras-chave: APA. Patrimônio ambiental. Conflitos socioambientais.
AVALIAÇÃO QUALI-QUANTITATIVA DA ARBORIZAÇÃO DO BAIRRO JARDIM PRIMAVERA NA CIDADE DE PATO BRANCO – PR
Authors: Emer Aquélis Armiliato , Cadorin Danielle Acco , Mello Nilvania Aparecida de 
Published: August 2015

Resumo: A arborização urbana é um importante elemento natural que confere qualidade ao ambiente e a vida do homem citadino. Apesar dos vários benefícios a presença de árvores no meio urbano não é isenta de conflitos, principalmente entre o espaço vegetal e o espaço físico disponível. Neste sentido, a realização de inventários sobre a arborização das cidades é de fundamental importância para que se possa realizar o planejamento e adequação das espécies ao ambiente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a arborização viária presente no bairro Jardim Primavera na cidade de Pato Branco – PR. Os dados foram coletados no mês de fevereiro de 2013, sendo identificadas e avaliadas todas as árvores presentes nas ruas do bairro Jardim Primavera com DAP igual ou maior de 0,10 metros. Foram inventariados 424 espécimes, sendo constatada a predominância da espécie Ligustrum lucidum com 21,93% de frequência. Das espécies encontradas no bairro, 78% são de espécies exóticas. Foi verificado no momento do inventario que 89% dos espécimes não apresentavam poda recente e 76% das bifurcações estavam abaixo da recomendada. Foi constatado ainda que, 63% dos indivíduos estavam sob boa área livre, entretanto 7% estavam causando danos às calçadas. Foram verificadas injurias em 37% dos espécimes. Pode-se verificar que embora tenha sido encontrado um número grande de espécies, não houve um planejamento adequado da arborização do bairro, revelado pelo conflito existente com as calçadas e a falhas na composição estética da paisagem. Palavras-chaves: Espécies exóticas, Área livre, Injúrias.
HEiDi: Single crystal diffractometer at hot source
Authors: Meven Martin , Sazonov Andrew 
Published: August 2015

The single crystal diffractometer HEiDi, which is operated by the Institute of Crystallography, RWTH Aachen University and JCNS, Forschungszentrum Jülich, is designed for detailed studies on structural and magnetic properties of single crystals using unpolarised neutrons and Bragg’s Law: 2dhklsinθ = λ (typically 0.55 Å <λ< 1.2 Å).
Effect of Confinement on Pressure/Volume/Temperature Properties of Hydrocarbons in Shale Reservoirs
Authors: Pitakbunkate T.. , Balbuena P. B. , Moridis G. J. , Blasingame T. A. 
Published: August 2015

Summary
Shale reservoirs play an important role as a future energy resource of the United States. Numerous studies were performed to describe the storage and transport of hydrocarbons through ultrasmall pores in the shale reservoirs. Most of these studies were developed by modifying techniques used for conventional reservoirs. The common pore-size distribution of the shale reservoirs is approximately 1 to 20  nm and in such confined spaces that the interactions between the wall of the container (i.e., the shale and kerogen) and the contained fluids (i.e., the hydrocarbon fluids and water) may exert significant influence on the localized phase behavior. We believe this is because the orientation and distribution of fluid molecules in the confined space are different from those of the bulk fluid, causing changes in the localized thermodynamic properties.
This study provides a detailed account of the changes of pressure/volume/temperature properties and phase behavior (specifically, the phase diagrams) in a synthetic shale reservoir for pure hydrocarbons (methane and ethane) and a simple methane/ethane (binary) mixture. Grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations are performed to study the effect of confinement on the fluid properties. A graphite slab made of two layers is used to represent kerogen in the shale reservoirs. The separation between the two layers, representing a kerogen pore, is varied from 1 to 10  nm to observe the changes of the hydrocarbon-fluid properties. In this paper, the critical properties of methane and ethane as well as the methane/ethane mixture phase diagrams in different pore sizes are derived from the GCMC simulations. In addition, the GCMC simulations are used to investigate the deviations of the fluid densities in the confined space from those of the bulk fluids at reservoir conditions. Although not investigated in this work, such deviations may indicate that significant errors for production forecasting and reserves estimation in shale reservoirs may occur if the (typical) bulk densities are used in reservoir-engineering calculations.
Evaluation of dehiscence and fenestration in adolescent patients affected by unilateral cleft lip and palate: A retrospective cone beam computed tomography study
Authors: Buyuk Suleyman Kutalmis , Ercan Esra , Celikoglu Mevlut , Sekerci Ahmet Ercan , Hatipoglu Mukerrem 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate the presence of dehiscence and fenestration defects around anterior teeth in the cleft region and to compare these findings with the noncleft side in the same patients using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:
CBCT scans of 44 patients (26 males, 18 females; mean age, 14.04 ± 3.81 years) with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) were assessed to define dehiscences and fenestrations of the anterior teeth in both cleft and noncleft sides of the UCLP patients and a control group of noncleft patients (51 patients; 21 males, 30 females; mean age, 14.52 ± 1.16 years). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s χ2 and Student’s t-test.

Results:
The prevalence of dehiscences at the maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines teeth were 43.2%, 70.6%, and 34.1% on the cleft side and 22.7%, 53.1%, and 27.3% on the noncleft side of UCLP patients, and 13.7%, 7.8%, and 13.7% in controls, respectively (statistically no difference between the sides of cleft patients). The cleft patients had a statistically significantly higher prevalence of dehiscences than did the controls on both the cleft and noncleft sides (P &lt; .05), except for the maxillary central incisors. Fenestrations for these teeth were significantly more common on the cleft side in UCLP patients compared with controls (P &lt; .05), whereas the difference for maxillary lateral incisors was not statistically significant.

Conclusions:
Patients with UCLP showed a higher prevalence of dehiscence and fenestration defects around the maxillary anterior teeth.