bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New findings on limit state analysis with unstructured triangular finite elements
Authors: Preisig M. , Prévost J. H. 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYThe emergence of high performance unstructured mesh generators enables the use of low‐order triangles and tetrahedras for a wide variety of problems, where no structured quadrangular mesh can be easily constructed. Some of the results acknowledged by the community of computational mechanics therefore need to be carefully looked at under the light of these recent advances in unstructured and adaptive meshing. In particular, we question evidence of locking during plastic flow, as it has been presented by several authors in the past. We claim that locking can also manifest through stress oscillations. Overshoot of limit loads or displacement locking can be explained by other causes: Insufficient mesh refinement or comparison with analytical solutions that are based on assumptions that are inconsistent with the finite element model.We present a stabilized Galerkin mixed method that allows accurate and converging limit loads to be computed for any elastic‐plastic problem using standard equal‐order interpolation for both displacements and mean stress for low‐order linear triangular elements. The method is attractive for simulations where the cost of meshing is more important than the added computational cost of an additional nodal unknown required by the mixed formulation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An augmentation technique for large deformation frictional contact problems
Authors: Franke M. , Hesch C. , Betsch P. 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYThe present work deals with a new approach to frictional large deformation contact problems. In particular, a new formulation of the frictional kinematics is introduced that is based on a specific augmentation technique used for the introduction of additional variables. This augmentation technique substantially simplifies the formulation of the whole system. A size reduction of the resulting system of algebraic equations is proposed. Consequently, the augmentation technique does not lead to an increase in size of the algebraic system of equations to be ultimately solved. The size reduction retains the simplicity of the formulation and preserves important conservation laws such as conservation of angular momentum. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fast FE–BEM algorithms for orthotropic frictional contact
Authors: Rodríguez‐Tembleque L. , Abascal R. 
Published: March 2013

SUMMARYThis paper presents a new and efficient methodology for solving 3D frictional contact problems considering an orthotropic friction law. The contact methodology is based on a proposed augmented Lagrangian formulation for orthotropic frictional contact problems, and a new discrete contact operator, which allows to reduce the number of unknowns in a Newton‐like algorithm that accelerates the attainment of the solution. A fast Uzawa scheme is also proposed on the basis of the Steffensen's method. Both algorithms prove to be very robust and efficient to solve orthotropic frictional contact problems. The proposed formalism has the advantage of being very compact and valid for both the FEM and the BEM. Numerical results are given to demonstrate the validity of the formulation and algorithms proposed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detection of the fetal conotruncal anomalies using real‐time three‐dimensional echocardiography with live xPlane imaging of the fetal ductal arch view
Authors: Xiong Yi , Liu Tao , Gan Han Jing , Wu Ying , Xu Jin Feng , Ting Yuen Ha , Leung Tak Yeung , Lau Tze Kin 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the role of live xPlane imaging of ductal arch view in detection of fetal conotruncal anomalies.MethodsTwo hundred selected singleton pregnancies, including 152 normal cases, 27 conotruncal anomalies and 21 other types of fetal heart abnormalities were enrolled in this observational study. All the cases were scanned to visualize the ductal arch view with live xPlane imaging by a single observer. The detection rate of conotruncal and non‐conotruncal anomalies with live xPlane imaging was compared.ResultsIn using this new method of live xPlane imaging, an abnormal ductal arch view was visualized in 92.6% of fetal conotruncal anomalies, compared with that of non‐conotruncal anomalies (23.8%, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe ductal arch view can be obtained by live xPlane imaging. This method is relatively simple and feasible, hence may be a useful tool to detect fetal conotruncal anomalies. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical experience of noninvasive prenatal testing with cell‐free DNA for fetal trisomies 21, 18, and 13, in a general screening population
Authors: Fairbrother Genevieve , Johnson Shayla , Musci Thomas J. , Song Ken 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTObjectiveEvaluate noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) with cell‐free DNA as a screening method for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 in an obstetrical clinical practice setting.MethodsObservational study of pregnant women who underwent prenatal screening for fetal trisomy from 30 July 2012 to 1 December 2012. NIPT was offered to all patients in addition to first trimester combined screening (FTS).ResultsThe cohort included 289 women with mean age of 32.3 years (range: 17.8–42.0) who underwent testing at 13.0 gestational age weeks (range: 10.1–20.7). NIPT results were provided for 98.6% of patients at a mean reporting time of 9.3 calendar days. With NIPT, all patients had a risk less than 1:10 000 for trisomy 21, 18, or 13. With FTS, 4.5% of patients had screening results indicating an increased risk for trisomy 21. One patient who had an elevated trisomy 21 risk with FTS elected to have an amniocentesis, which revealed a euploid fetus.ConclusionsNIPT has the potential to be a highly effective screening method as a standard test for risk assessment of fetal trisomies 21, 18, and 13 in general pregnant populations. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association of potentially inappropriate medication use with patient and prescriber characteristics in Medicare Part D
Authors: Holmes Holly M. , Luo Ruili , Kuo Yong‐Fang , Baillargeon Jacques , Goodwin James S. 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTPurposeThe use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in older people is associated with increased risk of adverse drug events and hospitalization. This study aimed to determine the contribution of primary prescribers to variation in PIM use.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study using 2008 Medicare Part D event files and claims data for a 100% sample of Texas beneficiaries. PIM use was defined as receiving any of 48 medications on the Beers 2003 list of PIMs. Patient characteristics associated with PIM use were determined using a multivariable model. A multilevel model for the odds of PIM use was constructed to evaluate the amount of variation in PIM use at the level of primary care prescriber, controlling for patient characteristics.ResultsOf 677 580 patients receiving prescriptions through Part D in 2008, 31.9% received a PIM. Sex, ethnicity, low‐income subsidy eligibility, and hospitalization in 2007 were associated with PIM use. The strongest associations with higher PIM use were increasing number of prescribers and increasing number of medications. The odds ratio for PIM use was 1.50 (95%CI 1.47–1.53) for ≥4 prescribers versus only 1 prescriber. In the multilevel model, the adjusted average percent of patients prescribed a PIM ranged from 17.5% for the lowest decile to 28.9% for the highest decile of prescribers.ConclusionsPIM use was prevalent in Part D beneficiaries and varied among individual primary care prescribers. The association of PIM use with increasing numbers of prescribers suggests the need to reduce fragmentation of care to reduce inappropriate prescribing. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intramuscular Aripiprazole in the Acute Management of Psychomotor Agitation
Authors: De Filippis Sergio , Cuomo Ilaria , Lionetto Luana , Janiri Delfina , Simmaco Maurizio , Caloro Matteo , De Persis Simone , Piazzi Gioia , Simonetti Alessio , Telesforo C Ludovica , Sciarretta Antonio , Caccia Federica , Gentile Giovanna , Kotzalidis Georgios D. , Girardi Paolo 
Published: March 2013

Study ObjectiveTo assess acute efficacy and safety of 9.75 mg of intramuscular (IM) injections of the atypical antipsychiatric aripiprazole in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and acute agitation.DesignOpen‐label trial of IM injections of aripiprazole and 24‐hour monitoring of clinical response in patients with major psychoses and acute agitation. Partial analysis of blood levels of the administered drug to correlate with clinical response.SettingAcute psychiatric care wards in a single university hospital.PatientsA total of 201 acutely agitated patients (79 with schizophrenia and 122 with bipolar disorder I).InterventionAripiprazole 9.75 mg IM injection.Measurements and Main ResultsWe evaluated clinical response using the Excitatory Component of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS‐EC), the Agitation/Calmness Evaluation Scale (ACES), and the Clinical Global Impressions scale (CGI). Assessments were conducted 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes and 24 hours after the first injection for PANSS‐EC and ACES, and 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours for CGI. Response was at least a 40% decrease in PANSS‐EC scores. We measured serum aripiprazole and dehydroaripiprazole levels in a subsample. IM aripiprazole significantly improved clinical measures. PANSS‐EC improved progressively, starting after 30 minutes. ACES improved after 90 minutes and continued thereafter. Effects were sustained, with steadily decreasing CGI scores, until the 24th hour. Response rate was 83.6% after 2 hours, but with repeat injections, it rose to over 90% with no differences among diagnostic groups. Although there were gender differences in the response to individual PANSS‐EC items, the responses were similar overall. Neither clinical monitoring nor patient reporting revealed any side effects. No therapeutic window was identified, and levels did not correlate with any clinical measure.ConclusionAripiprazole was effective and safe in reducing acute agitation in patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. Our results compare favorably to double‐blind trials, probably due to higher expectations in trials involving no placebo arm. Absence of side effects could be related to the short observation time.
Selenium‐substituted carbonates as mediators for controlled radical polymerization
Authors: Zeng Jindong , Zhang Zhengbiao , Zhu Jian , Zhou Nianchen , Cheng Zhenping , Zhu Xiulin 
Published: March 2013

ABSTRACTA series of selenium‐substituted carbonates, S,Se‐dibenzyl dithioselenocarbonate (DTSC), S,Se‐dibenzyl thiodiselenocarbonate (TDSC), and Se,Se‐dibenzyl triselenocarbonate (TSC), were synthesized and used as mediators in radical polymerization. The results indicate that these selenium‐substituted carbonates can control the polymerization of styrene (St) and methyl acrylate, as evidenced by the number‐average molecular weight that increased linearly with the monomer conversion, molecular weights that agreed well with the predicted values, and successful chain extensions. The treatment of the resultant polystyrene by hydrogen peroxide generated polymers with approximately half‐reduced molecular weights, and the absence of carbonate groups and vinyl double bond‐terminated chain ends. The polymerization with these selenium‐substituted carbonates was the same polymerization mechanism as their analogue, the widely used S,S‐dibenzyl trithiocarbonate. This work provided a flexible protocol to incorporate selenium into the polymer chain backbone. Specifically, the treatment of these polymers by oxidation produced “clickable” vinyl‐terminated chain ends, which provided possibilities for further functionalization, for example, via a thiol‐ene click reaction. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 2606–2613
Does awareness of terminal status influence survival and quality of life in terminally ill cancer patients?
Authors: Kim Seon‐Young , Kim Jae‐Min , Kim Sung‐Wan , Shin Il‐Seon , Bae Kyung‐Yeol , Shim Hyun‐Jeong , Hwang Jun‐Eul , Bae Woo‐Kyun , Cho Sang‐Hee , Chung Ik‐Joo , Yoon Jin‐Sang 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundClinical studies, with a proper scientific design, on the impact of disclosing a prognosis on a patient's psychological or physical conditions are rare. We investigated the effect of patient awareness of terminal status on survival and quality of life (QoL) in a palliative care setting.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study of patients with terminal cancer. Patients with cancer at a palliative care unit were enrolled consecutively. The patients' awareness of their terminal status was determined using a semistructured interview. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, depressed mood, and QoL, were investigated. To determine the independent effects of awareness of illness on survival and QoL, multivariate Cox proportional‐hazards regression and multivariate linear regression were used, respectively.ResultsFor the 262 cases analyzed, the median survival time (interquartile range) was 28.5 (15.8–55.3) days, and 76 (29.0%) patients were unaware of their prognosis. Patients who were aware survived for a shorter period than did those who were unaware (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.07–1.93, p = 0.015) after adjusting for clinical variables including physical status and depression. Also, patients who were aware reported lower subjective QoL compared with patients who were unaware in a multivariate linear regression analysis (B, −0.10; 95% CI, −0.17 to −0.03, p = 0.008).ConclusionsAwareness of prognosis may negatively impact survival and QoL in terminally ill cancer patients. Therefore, the patient's preference for and individual susceptibility to receiving such information should be assessed carefully before disclosure. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Written emotional disclosure for women with ovarian cancer and their partners: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Arden‐Close Emily , Gidron Yori , Bayne Louise , Moss‐Morris Rona 
Published: March 2013

AbstractObjectiveWritten emotional disclosure for 15–20 min a day over 3 to 4 days improves physical and psychological health and may benefit cancer patients. However, no studies have tested the effectiveness of guided writing in cancer patients and their partners. A randomised controlled trial tested whether writing about the patient's diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer using the Guided Disclosure Protocol (GDP) is effective in reducing perceived stress and improving quality of life (QoL) in ovarian cancer couples. The study also tested two theories that may account for beneficial effects of written emotional disclosure, the cognitive processing hypothesis and the social interaction hypothesis.MethodsPatients and their partners (N = 102 couples) were randomised to write at home for 15 min a day over 3 days about the patient's diagnosis and treatment using the GDP or what the patient did the previous day (control). Couples were assessed at baseline, 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐ups on the primary outcomes of perceived stress and QoL and secondary outcomes of intrusive thoughts (testing the cognitive processing hypothesis) and illness‐related couple communication (testing the social interaction hypothesis).ResultsThere were no main effects for any outcomes. However, in patients, the GDP improved QoL if illness‐related couple communication improved and buffered the effect of intrusive thoughts on perceived stress.ConclusionsThe GDP might benefit patients in certain circumstances, through changes in communication (in line with the social interaction hypothesis). Further research is needed to determine whether patients benefit from interventions to improve illness‐related couple communication and under which conditions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reports of ‘growth’ in survivors of non‐small cell lung cancer and healthy controls: what is the value‐added by the cancer experience?
Authors: Andrykowski Michael A. , Steffens Rachel F. , Bush Heather M. , Tucker Thomas C. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundReports of ‘growth’ following cancer diagnosis and treatment are common and are considered evidence for the transformative potential of the cancer experience. However, reports of growth are also common in the general population. This study sought to identify the unique, ‘value‐added’ with regard to the nature and magnitude of growth represented by the cancer experience.MethodsLung cancer (LC) survivors (n = 190; mean 15 months post‐diagnosis) completed the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), reporting changes occurring ‘as a result of having cancer’. Community‐based, healthy controls (HC) (n = 152) completed the PTGI, reporting changes occurring ‘in the past year’.ResultsReports of growth were common in both the LC and HC groups. However, the LC group reported greater total PTGI scores (effect size (ES) = 0.39 SD) and greater growth for 3 of 5 subscales (ESs 0.34–0.48 SD). The LC group was more likely to report any degree of change for 11 of 21 PTGI items (mean odds ratio (OR) across 21 items = 1.92) and were more likely to report ‘moderate’ to ‘very great’ change for eight of 21 items (mean OR = 1.75). The LC group was more likely to report growth in the areas of social relationships and appreciation for life.ConclusionsIn sum, the growth evidenced by LC survivors after diagnosis quantitatively and qualitatively differs from growth reported by the general population over a similar period. Estimates of the value‐added by the cancer experience suggest a magnitude representing at least the lower range of clinical significance. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shock Synthesis of Single Crystals
Authors: Batsanov Stepan S. , Batsanov Andrei S. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractShock compression of finely ground CaF2 crystals embedded into graphite powder in cylindrical recovery ampoules was found to yield single white crystals of 0.1 mm in size within the Mach cone, where the developed temperatures/pressures are exeedingly high. The composition of these crystals CaO ⋅ 3SiO2 ⋅ SiC is a result of chemical interactions of mixture and SiO2 due to cumulative eruption of Si from steel walls of ampoules and its reaction with O2 from sample pores. The atomic structure of crystals was characterized by IR spectroscopy and XRD. The formation of relatively large single crystals can take place only in the melted unloaded material.
Upgraded Analytical Model of the Cylinder Test
Authors: Souers P. Clark , Lauderbach Lisa , Garza Raul , Ferranti Louis , Vitello Peter 
Published: March 2013

AbstractA Gurney‐type equation was previously corrected for wall thinning and angle of tilt, and now we have added shock wave attenuation in the copper wall and air gap energy loss. Extensive calculations were undertaken to calibrate the two new energy loss mechanisms across all explosives. The corrected Gurney equation is recommended for cylinder use over the original 1943 form. The effect of these corrections is to add more energy to the adiabat values from a relative volume of 2 to 7, with low energy explosives having the largest correction. The data was pushed up to a relative volume of about 15 and the JWL parameter ω was obtained directly. The total detonation energy density was locked to the v=7 adiabat energy density, so that the Cylinder test gives all necessary values needed to make a JWL.
Intrinsic and impurity defects in chromium‐doped SrTiO3 nanopowders: EPR and NMR study
Authors: Bykov Igor , Makarova Marina , Trepakov Vladimir , Dejneka Alexandr , Yurchenko Lesya , Yurchenko Lesya , Jäger Aleš , Jastrabik Lubomir 
Published: March 2013

AbstractElectron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra were studied in solvothermal‐ and citrate sol–gel‐grown (CSGG) SrTiO3:Cr(0.1%) crystalline nanopowders. Various growth conditions and thermal treatments were used to determine defects and to tailor nanoparticles structure and crystallization processes. Solvothermal‐grown nanopowders with 5 nm particle size revealed the dominant presence of the single perovskite‐type phase. Annealing of the CSGG nanoparticles in air up to 800 °C leads to an increase of the particles size and the amount of the titanium dioxide (rutile and/or anatase) phase, which is initially present in small amounts in CSGG powders. It was found that paramagnetic Cr3+, Cr5+, ${\rm Cr}_{{\rm surf}}^{{\rm 3 + }} $, O−, O2− ions are present in solvothermal‐grown nanopowders and in all CSGG powders. In the annealed particles the majority of paramagnetic centers (PC) are located in the particle surface and in the TiO2 phase. The nature of the PC in nanopowders exhibiting different degrees of catalytic activity in nanopowders was studied too. A correlation between O− and O2− content, synthesis conditions and particle size was found. The NMR spectra of 47Ti (I = 5/2) and 49Ti (I = 7/2) reveal a pronounced dependence of the spectral line intensity on synthesis conditions, evidencing coexistence of Ti3+ and Ti4+ ions in SrTiO3:Cr nanoparticles.
Thermal conductivity of thermoelectric Al‐substituted ZnO thin films
Authors: Vogel‐Schäuble Nina , Jaeger Tino , Romanyuk Yaroslav E. , Populoh Sascha , Mix Christian , Jakob Gerhard , Weidenkaff Anke 
Published: March 2013

AbstractZnO:Al thin films with a low electrical resistivity were grown by magnetron sputtering on sapphire substrates. The cross‐plane thermal conductivity (κ = 4.5 ± 1.3 W/mK) at room temperature is almost one order of magnitude lower than for bulk materials. The thermoelectric figure of merit ZT at elevated temperatures was estimated from in‐plane power factor and the cross‐plane thermal conductivity at room temperature. It is expected that the thermal conductivity drops with increasing temperature and is lower in‐plane than cross‐plane. Consequently, the thin film ZT is at least three times higher than for bulk samples at intermediate temperatures. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cocreating Value in Teaching and Learning Centers
Authors: Schumann David W. , Peters John , Olsen Taimi 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn addition to addressing the history of and rationale for the teaching and learning center (TLC) as a means of achieving lasting professional development of the faculty, Schumann, Peters, and Olsen introduce the concept of cocreating value that not only facilitates the success of the TLC but also has the potential to permeate the educational fiber of the entire college or university.
The Future of Faculty Development: Where Are We Going?
Authors: Austin Ann E. , Sorcinelli Mary Deane 
Published: March 2013

AbstractIn this concluding chapter, the authors point readers to innovations in faculty development that are appearing on the horizon, in the context of changes and challenges confronting higher education institutions. Additional thoughts are presented about the structures and processes in the practice of faculty development that need attention, including those related to pressing issues in the field as a profession.