bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of Commercially Available Epilepsy Genetic Panels
Authors: Chambers Chelsea , Jansen Laura A. , Dhamija Radhika 
Published: November 2015

AbstractNext generation sequencing panels have revolutionized the diagnostic approach to patients with epilepsy. There are several commercial epilepsy panels available. We assessed the list of genes tested and consent forms for epilepsy panels available at seven laboratories. The panels varied in the number of genes included (70–465 genes). In some panels, genes not currently associated with epilepsy were included (up to 4 % of panel content). The panels also included genes for lysosomal storage disorders (6–12 %), congenital disorders of glycosylation (0–8.5 %), metabolic disorders (3.5–34 %), neurological syndromes (18–43 %) and multisystemic genetic syndromes (6.4–21 %). Informed consents differed significantly between laboratories ranging from basic information about genetic testing and possible results to information about insurance, genetic counseling and familial testing, and incidental findings.Our findings suggest that it is important to consider the range of genes offered on epilepsy panels and their predicted phenotypes in an effort toward improving the informed consent process.
Effect of Cu Addition to Zn-12Al Alloy on Thermal Properties and Wettability on Cu and Al Substrates
Authors: Gancarz Tomasz , Pstruś Janusz , Mosińska Sylwia , Pawlak Sylwia 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The thermal properties, electrical resistivity, thermal linear expansion and tensile strength of a new high-temperature lead-free solder based on a eutectic Zn-Al alloy with 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 at. pct Cu added were studied. Wettability studies on Cu substrate were performed with flux at 773 K (500 °C) for 60, 180, 240, 900, 1800, and 3600 seconds, and for 480 seconds at 733 K, 753 K, 773 K, 793 K, and 823 K (460 °C, 480 °C, 500 °C, 520 °C, and 550 °C, respectively). The experiment was designed to demonstrate the effect of the addition of Cu on the kinetics of the formation and growth of the CuZn, Cu5Zn8, CuZn4, and Al4Cu9 phases, which were identified by X-ray diffraction analysis. Wetting tests were also performed on the Al substrate, for 15 and 30 seconds at 773 K and 793 K (500 °C and 520 °C, respectively). Very low contact angles on Al pads were obtained. The electrical resistivity of Zn-Al-Cu alloys was slightly higher than that of the ZnAl eutectic alloy. The present results are discussed with respect to the available literature on Zn-Al and Zn-Al-Cu alloys.
Dietary ALA from Spinach Enhances Liver n‐3 Fatty Acid Content to Greater Extent than Linseed Oil in Mice Fed Equivalent Amounts of ALA
Authors: Kuroe Miho , Kamogawa Hiroyuki , Hosokawa Masashi , Miyashita Kazuo 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAlthough several works have reported absorption rate differences of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) bound to different lipid forms, such as ethyl ester, triacylglycerol (TAG), and phospholipids, no studies have investigated the effect of n‐3 PUFA from glycolipids (GL). The present study compared the fatty acid contents of tissue and serum lipids from normal C57BL/6J mice fed two types of α‐linolenic acid (ALA)‐rich lipids, spinach lipid (SPL), and linseed oil (LO). ALA was primarily present as the GL form in SPL, while it existed as TAG in LO. Supplementation of both lipids increased ALA and its n‐3 metabolites, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid, and decreased n‐6 PUFA, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid, in the livers, small intestines, and sera of the treated mice compared with those of the control group. When the comparison between the SPL and LO diets containing the same amount of ALA was conducted, the EPA and DPA levels in the liver lipids from mice fed the SPL diet were significantly higher than those fed the LO diet. Additionally, the total contents of n‐3 PUFA of lipids from the livers, small intestines, and sera of the SPL group were higher than those of the LO group.
Semantic and nonfluent aphasic variants, secondarily associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are predominant frontotemporal lobar degeneration phenotypes in TBK1 carriers
Authors: Caroppo Paola , Camuzat Agnès , De Septenville Anne , Couratier Philippe , Lacomblez Lucette , Auriacombe Sophie , Flabeau Olivier , Jornéa Ludmila , Blanc Frederic , Sellal François , Cretin Benjamin , Meininger Vincent , Fleury Marie‐Céline , Couarch Philippe , Dubois Bruno , Brice Alexis , Le Ber Isabelle 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroductionTBK1 mutations represent a rare novel genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) without or with dementia. The full spectrum of TBK1 phenotypes has not been completely defined so far.MethodsWe describe the clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of loss‐of‐function mutation carriers initially presenting with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) phenotypes.ResultsTwo carriers initially presented semantic variant of FTLD (svFTLD); two other developed nonfluent variant of FTLD (nfvFTLD) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS), associated with severe anterior temporal and opercular atrophy. All secondarily developed ALS.DiscussionThis study enlarges the phenotypic spectrum of TBK1 mutations, including svFTLD and nfvFTLD/CBS, not reported so far. Aphasic presentations seem to be more evocative of TBK1 genotype than behavioral variant of FTLD, and TBK1 should be analyzed in patients with isolated FTLD at onset, particularly in rare aphasic cases secondarily associated with ALS.
Japan's ODA assistance scheme and Central Asian engagement: Determinants, trends, expectations
Authors: Dadabaev Timur 
Published: October 2015

As demonstrated in this paper, Japan over the years has grown to become the leading ODA provider in Central Asia (CA). ODA has served as a foreign policy tool and as the most significant tool for maintaining cooperation ties. Although the focus of Japan's ODA assistance over the years has been on East Asian countries, CA is growing to become another frontier for more proactive Japanese policies. The Japan-supported initiatives of recent years tend to favor more pragmatic cooperation schemes. As is exemplified by water-related assistance in Uzbekistan and support for local capacity building in Kyrgyzstan, Japanese assistance of a more focused character can better contribute to development both in these societies and in the region in general. These types of initiatives can successfully complement government-to-government assistance schemes and Japanese investments into large scale projects. The focus on local communities will also ensure that beneficiaries of the Japanese assistance projects will include not only governmental institutions but also the general public at large.
A case–control study of the relationship between a passive second stage of labor and obstetric anal sphincter injuries
Authors: Gossett Dana R. , Deibel Philip , Lewicky‐Gaupp Christina 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the relationship between a passive second stage of labor and obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS).MethodsA retrospective, case–control study was undertaken of women who delivered at a tertiary‐care center in Chicago, IL, USA, between November 2005 and December 2012. Cases had sustained OASIS and were matched on the basis of parity with controls who had no OASIS. Data were obtained from an electronic repository and chart review. Participants with a passive second stage of labor lasting 60 minutes or more were deemed to have “labored down.” A logistic regression model to predict OASIS was created.ResultsOverall, 1629 cases were compared with 1312 controls. OASIS were recorded among 1452 (57.8%) of 2510 women who did not labor down compared with 169 (40.0%) of 423 women who labored down (P < 0.001). However, in binary logistic regression, the addition of laboring down to the model only increased the predictive accuracy from 80.1% to 80.7%.ConclusionWhen known risk factors for OASIS are accounted for, the effect of laboring down on perineal outcome is negligible.
Improving Medication Reconciliation compliance at admission
Authors: Almidani Eyad , Khadawardi Emad , Alshareef Turki , Hussain Ibrahim Bin , Almofada Saleh , Ham Ann Joo , Alqarni Abdulaziz , Alobari Rania , Bernardo Maria Cecilia , Rajab Mohammad Hasan 
Published: October 2015

Background and objectives:
The objective of this research is to improve compli-ance of the medication reconciliation process at the time of patient admission in the Depart-ment of Pediatrics at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia using an innovative evidence-based approach.

Materials and methods:
Most of the recent efforts at our institution to revamp the medication reconciliation process have failed. Thus, we implemented an innovative evidence-based approach to improve the compliance of the reconciliation process at admission. This approach focused on the Department of Pediatrics at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC). We established specific educational and monitoring programs that were run over a two-month period, from June to July 2015. The educational program consisted of focused hands-on daily interactive training sessions presented to a small group of residents, i.e., 5 —6 residents per session, for a period of one week. One resident was identified as a ’’Super-User” to provide ongoing support for the other residents involved in the process. A close moni-toring process was also implemented, which included daily follow up and encouragement from three assigned consultants. In addition, periodic independent audit report results prepared by Healthcare Information Technology Affairs (HITA) were communicated to the Department of Pediatrics regarding physician compliance in the medication reconciliation process.

Results:
Physician compliance for admission medication reconciliation documentation in ICIS ranged from (0—15%) between the first quarter of 2012 and the first quarter 2015, we designated the official hospital audit for the first quarter of 2015 as a baseline audit report. We implemen-ted our initiative during the months of June and July 2015. During that time, there was a gradual improvement in the number of admission medication reconciliations reported by the indepen-dent audits of our general Pediatrics Ward (B1), which represents the majority of pediatric admissions. The 57% of 26 patients had medication reconciliation completed by the first report dated 16 June 2015. This percentage improved to 92% out of a total of 13 patients at the last report on 12 July 2015. This consistent improvement also occurred in other areas where pediat-ric patients were admitted including the B3-1 (from 88% to 90%), the NICU 1 (from 83% to 100%) and the NICU 2 (from 90% to 100%).

Conclusions:
By structuring and implementing intensive educational and monitoring programs, a marked improvement in the compliance of medication reconciliation at the time of admission for the pediatric patient population was achieved. We believe that our department-based results would be generalizable if a similar hospital-wide programme was to be rigorously implemented.
Incidence of cardiac implantable electronic device infections and migrations in Japan: Results from a 129 institute survey
Authors: Nakajima Hiroshi , Taki Masami 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundWe conducted a survey of the infection burden associated with the implantation of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) in Japan.MethodsThe institutes were selected using annual device implantation data provided by Medtronic Japan Co., Ltd. The data sampling period was from January 1 to December 31, 2013. Institutes were classified into Group P, at which only pacemakers were implanted, and Group A, at which other CIEDs were implanted. Group P was further classified into three sub‐groups by implantation number. The infection rate was compared between groups using logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 129 of 138 institutes responded. The annual infection rate was 1.12% for overall CIEDs. The institute at which 15–29 pacemakers were implanted had a high infection rate (2.11%). No statistically significant difference was observed (adjusted p=0.1131). The overall migration rate was 0.50%. Complete removal of the CIED system was performed in 55.8% of patients who underwent implantation.ConclusionsThis survey was the first on CIED infection and migration in Japan. The CIED infection rate (1.12%) was similar to that previously reported. A high infection rate (2.77%) was observed in the infection experienced institutes.
Test‐Retest Reliability of the Self‐Reported Impairments in Persons With Late Effects of Polio (SIPP) Rating Scale
Authors: Brogårdh Christina , Lexell Jan 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundA new 13‐item rating scale, the Self‐Reported Impairments in Persons with Late Effects of Polio (SIPP), has been developed. The SIPP has been analyzed using the Rasch method and has shown good construct validity and internal consistency. To establish its clinical utility, further evaluation of its psychometric properties is needed.ObjectiveTo evaluate the test‐retest reliability of the SIPP and to define limits for the smallest change that indicates a real change, both for a group of persons and a single individual.DesignA postal survey.SettingUniversity Hospital.ParticipantsFifty‐one persons (31 men and 20 women; mean age, 72 years) with clinically verified late effects of polio.InterventionNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe participants completed the SIPP twice, 2 weeks apart. The response frequencies at test occasion 1 (T1) and test occasion 2 (T2) were calculated. Test‐retest reliability was analyzed using the percentage agreement of each item, the intraclass correlation coefficient, and the mean difference between the test occasions (đ), together with the 95% confidence intervals for đ, the standard error of measurement, the smallest real difference, and a Bland‐Altman plot.ResultsThe percentage agreement (ie, the same scoring at both test occasions) was >70% for 10 of 13 items. The mean score (standard deviation) was 27.9 (5.7) points at T1 and 28.2 (6.0) points at T2, with no systematic difference between the test occasions. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.88, the standard error of measurement (the smallest change for a group of persons) was 2.0 points, and the smallest real difference (the smallest change for a single individual) was 5.6 points, respectively.ConclusionThe SIPP is a reliable rating scale in persons with late effects of polio and can be used to evaluate effects of rehabilitation interventions and changes of perceived impairments over time both for a group of persons and for a single individual.
Experimental investigation of cylindrical converging shock waves interacting with a polygonal heavy gas cylinder
Authors: Si Ting , Long Tong , Zhai Zhigang , Luo Xisheng 
Published: November 2015

The interaction of cylindrical converging shock waves with a polygonal heavy gas cylinder is studied experimentally in a vertical annular diaphragmless shock tube. The reliability of the shock tube facility is verified in advance by capturing the cylindrical shock movements during the convergence and reflection processes using high-speed schlieren photography. Three types of air/SF6 polygonal interfaces with cross-sections of an octagon, a square and an equilateral triangle are formed by the soap film technique. A high-speed laser sheet imaging method is employed to monitor the evolution of the three polygonal interfaces subjected to the converging shock waves. In the experiments, the Mach number of the incident cylindrical shock at its first contact with each interface is maintained to be 1.35 for all three cases. The results show that the evolution of the polygonal interfaces is heavily dependent on the initial conditions, such as the interface shapes and the shock features. A theoretical model for circulation initially deposited along the air/SF6 polygonal interface is developed based on the theory of Samtaney & Zabusky (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 269, 1994, pp. 45–78). The circulation depositions along the initial interface result in the differences in flow features among the three polygonal interfaces, including the interface velocities and the perturbation growth rates. In comparison with planar shock cases, there are distinct phenomena caused by the convergence effects, including the variation of shock strength during imploding and exploding (geometric convergence), consecutive reshocks on the interface (compressibility), and special behaviours of the movement of the interface structures (phase inversion).
MEASURING EARLY LIFE DISPARITY IN INDIA
Authors: Singh Akansha , Ladusingh Laishram 
Published: November 2015

SummaryEarly life disparity – defined as the average life years lost due to death by the age of 60 years – can be used to assess more systematically the effect of savings from death at a young age. In addition, it can give valuable insight into the consequences of death in the early stages of life. Early life disparity can further be categorized into child life disparity (0–14 years) and adult life disparity (15–60 years). This study estimated early life disparity using complete life tables for the period 1970–1975 to 2006–2010, which were constructed from abridged life tables and death rates provided by the Sample Registration System (SRS) in India. The contribution of premature deaths to the difference in life disparity was estimated using a replacement algorithm. The findings clearly indicated an overall declining trend in early life disparity in India, with a notable reduction in child life disparity, and a deceleration of adult life disparity during the period 1970–1975 to 2006–2010. Interstate variations in early life disparity were seen to converge with time. Decomposition analysis suggested that these variations could be minimized further by averting death during childhood.
Habitat associations of woodcreeper (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae) assemblage in selectively logged areas of Southern Amazonia
Authors: Rodrigues Domingos J. , Florêncio Fernando P. , Oliveira Jocieli , Oliveira Dalci M. M. , Lollback Gregory W. , Hero Jean-Marc 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:The Brazilian Amazon rain forest has lost c. 17% of its originally forested portion, due to deforestation and selective logging. Forest degradation caused by logging contributes to loss of animal species that require specialized habitats to survive, such as woodcreepers that inhabit understorey areas. Habitat associations of woodcreeper species can be important for identifying species that have restricted distribution and/or habitat specialization. Our study investigates the effects of spatial variation in forest structure and some landscape features (canopy openness, altitude, distance to stream and exploited basal area) on the abundance and composition of woodcreeper assemblage in selectively logged tropical forests in Southern Amazonia. We used mist-nets and points count to quantify the composition and abundance of woodcreepers in 32 plots in three sites. Plots were spatially arranged in PPBio LTER sites (long-term ecological research plots, systematically spaced at 1-km intervals) in Southern Amazonia. A total of 240 individuals (captured, observed and/or heard) belonging to 11 woodcreeper species were detected. Mantel tests showed that there is no spatial autocorrelation among woodcreeper assemblage and distance between plots. Altitude and canopy openness were significantly associated with the composition of the woodcreeper assemblage. Altitude was negatively associated with species richness, and the abundance of the two dominant species (Glyphorynchus spirurus and Xiphorhynchus elegans). The negative relationship with canopy openness suggests that woodcreeper assemblages that inhabit understorey are likely to be indirectly affected by selective logging which reduces canopy cover. The selective logging indirectly changes bird species assemblages, and depending on the intensity, may result in the local extinction of some insectivorous species. Short- and long-term studies addressing different intensities of selective logging are needed to determine the impacts on the bird species and forest structure.
Profile of Patients Hospitalized through the Emergency Room to the Medicine Ward and their Short-term Outcome at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Delhi
Authors: Choudhary Rahul , Goel Ashish , Pruthi Sonal , Kalra Sarathi , Agarwal Sunil , Kalra Om Prakash 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIntroductionWith an increasing number of sicker patients, limited hospital beds, and an emphasis on day care, the profile of patients hospitalized to medicine wards has undergone a radical re-definition. The increasing share of patients hospitalized through the emergency department for acute care to medicine wards has left little space for hospitalization through the outpatient department (OPD). There are some global data available on the profile of patients presenting to the emergency rooms (ERs) and their subsequent outcome. Data from developing countries, especially India, in this regard are lacking.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included all patients hospitalized to the medicine ward through the medical emergency services, provided by the Department of Medicine, each Wednesday and every sixth Sunday for the entire year (a total of 62 days), from November 2010 through October 2011, and followed their outcome up to seven days after hospitalization.ResultsOf the 3,618 cases presenting to medicine emergency on these days, 1,547 (42.3%) were advised admission. Nine hundred sixty-seven reported to the medicine wards. One hundred eleven (7.73%) expired within 24 hours; others absconded, were lost in transit, did not consent to participation, or were discharged. During the next seven days, 452 (46.7%) recovered sufficiently and were discharged to go home. Two hundred thirty (23.8%) left the hospital without informing the medical staff. Fourteen (1.4%) patients were transferred to other departments. One hundred thirty-seven (8.8%) patients died during the next six days of hospitalization. After Multivariate Logistic Regression analysis, abnormal Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, high systolic blood pressure (BP), age, increased total leucocyte count, increased globulin, low bicarbonate in arterial blood, low Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score, and a raised urea >40 mg/dL were found to be associated significantly with mortality.ConclusionOf the 1,547 patients who needed urgent hospitalization, 248 (16%) died within the first week, one-half of them within the first 24 hours. An advanced age, abnormal GCS score, low MMSE score, increased systolic BP, leukocytosis, acidosis, and uremia were found to be associated with a fatal outcome. Therefore, nearly one-half of the patients who would have a fatal short-term outcome were likely to do so within the first 24 hours, making the first day of presentation “the golden day” period.ChoudharyR, GoelA, PruthiS, KalraS, AgarwalS, KalraOP. Profile of patients hospitalized through the emergency room to the medicine ward and their short-term outcome at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2015;30(6):593–598.
Cracking the code of neuronal apoptosis and survival
Authors: Cavallaro S 
Published: November 2015

AbstractNeuronal apoptosis and survival are tightly controlled processes that regulate cell fate during the development of the central nervous system and its homeostasis throughout adulthood. A new study in primary cultures of cerebellar granule neurons identified common transcriptional cascades during rescue from apoptosis by insulin-like growth factor-1 (Igf1) and pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide (Pacap), thus suggesting the existence of a high degree of conservation of cell survival pathways.