bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological features affecting the efficacy in 131I ablation therapy of papillary thyroid carcinoma with lymph node metastasis
Authors: Xu Xiang , Li Chengqian , Yu Xiaolong , Wang Guoqiang , Guo Yanjun , Ni Huaiwen , Zhao Wenjuan , Wang Yangang , Dong Bingzi 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundLymph node metastasis is the major cause of increased recurrence and death in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). We evaluate the clinicopathologic factors affecting excellent response (ER) in patients with PTC with lymph node metastasis following operation and 131I ablation therapy.MethodsA total of 423 patients with PTC with lymph node metastasis who underwent thyroidectomy and postoperative 131I ablation therapy were enrolled. The relationship between clinicopathological factors affecting ER achievement was analyzed.ResultsMultivariate analysis showed that the foci diameter (≤1 cm), unifocal, combination with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), lymph node metastases rate (LR) (≤40%), no postoperative lymph node metastasis, low preablative stimulated thyroglobulin (ps-Tg) level (≤3.87 ng/mL), and the time of 131I ablation therapy (one time) were positively correlated with the ER achievement [odds ratio (OR): 1.744, 3.114, 3.920, 4.018, 2.074, 9.767, and 49.491, respectively; all p &lt; 0.05]. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the cutoff values of ps-Tg and LR were 4.625 ng/mL and 50.50%, respectively. The AUC of ROC of ps-Tg and LR for predicting ER achievement was 0.821 and 0.746, respectively. The Tg and the cumulative risk of non-ER elevated with the increase of LR, especially for the high-level ps-Tg (&gt;4.625 ng/mL) group.ConclusionThe foci diameter and number, combination with HT, LR, and ps-Tg level are independent factors for ER. Ps-Tg level and LR are valid predictive factors for the efficacy of 131I therapy in patients with PTC. The predictive value of the cumulative risk of non-ER can be improved by the combination of ps-Tg and LR.
Systems biology-based analysis exploring shared biomarkers and pathogenesis of myocardial infarction combined with osteoarthritis
Authors: Luo Yuan , Liu Yongrui , Xue Weiqi , He Weifeng , Lv Di , Zhao Huanyi 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundMore and more evidence supports the association between myocardial infarction (MI) and osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this study is to explore the shared biomarkers and pathogenesis of MI complicated with OA by systems biology.MethodsGene expression profiles of MI and OA were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis were used to identify the common DEGs. The shared genes related to diseases were screened by three public databases, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed on the two parts of the genes respectively. The hub genes were intersected and verified by Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Finally, the hub genes differentially expressed in primary cardiomyocytes and chondrocytes were verified by RT-qPCR. The immune cell infiltration analysis, subtypes analysis, and transcription factors (TFs) prediction were carried out.ResultsIn this study, 23 common DEGs were obtained by WGCNA and DEGs analysis. In addition, 199 common genes were acquired from three public databases by PPI. Inflammation and immunity may be the common pathogenic mechanisms, and the MAPK signaling pathway may play a key role in both disorders. DUSP1, FOS, and THBS1 were identified as shared biomarkers, which is entirely consistent with the results of single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, and furher confirmed by RT-qPCR. Immune infiltration analysis illustrated that many types of immune cells were closely associated with MI and OA. Two potential subtypes were identified in both datasets. Furthermore, FOXC1 may be the crucial TF, and the relationship of TFs-hub genes-immune cells was visualized by the Sankey diagram, which could help discover the pathogenesis between MI and OA.ConclusionIn summary, this study first revealed 3 (DUSP1, FOS, and THBS1) novel shared biomarkers and signaling pathways underlying both MI and OA. Additionally, immune cells and key TFs related to 3 hub genes were examined to further clarify the regulation mechanism. Our study provides new insights into shared molecular mechanisms between MI and OA.
Nutritional status affects immune function and exacerbates the severity of pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Lu Chunli , Xu Yunyi , Li Xueya , Wang Min , Xie Bei , Huang Yaling , Li Yan , Fan Jiahua 
Published: July 2024

AimTo comprehensively evaluate the association and impact of nutritional status and immune function on the severity of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study involved 952 participants who were diagnosed with active PTB. Severe PTB involves three or more lung field infections based on chest radiography. Nutritional status was evaluated using various indicators, including body mass index (BMI), the nutritional risk screening score (NRS-2002), total protein (TP), prealbumin (PA), transferrin (TRF), and serum albumin (ALB) levels and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI). Immune dysfunction was defined as a CD4+ count &lt;500 cells/µl or a CD4+/CD8+ ratio &lt;1. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were also calculated. Multivariate logistic and generalized linear regression were used to assess the associations between nutritional status, immune function, the severity of PTB, and the number of infected lung fields, adjusting for age, sex, and diabetes. Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the extent to which immune function mediated the impact of nutritional status on the severity of PTB. Sensitivity analysis was performed to enhance the robustness of the results.ResultsCompared to those in the general PTB group, patients in the severe PTB group tended to be older men with diabetes. Higher nutritional risk, higher proportion of immune dysfunction and lower lymphocyte counts were observed in the severe group. BMI and the PNI were found to be protective factors, while PLR was identified as a risk factor for disease severity. Immune dysfunction and the PLR are mediators of the relationship between nutritional status and PTB severity. When BMI, the PNI, and the PLR were combined with traditional clinical indicators, these parameters showed promising diagnostic value, and the AUC reached 0.701 (95% CI: 0.668–0.734).ConclusionThe findings suggest that nutritional status is significantly associated with the severity of PTB, and immune function mediates the effects of nutritional status on the severity of PTB. Maintaining adequate BMI, PNI levels, and immune function or reducing PLR levels helps reduce the risk of severe PTB.
Case Report: The effect of automated manual lymphatic drainage therapy on lymphatic contractility in 4 distinct cases
Authors: Aldrich Melissa B. , Rasmussen John C. , Karni Ron J. , Fife Caroline E. , Aviles Frank , Eckert Kristen A. , Melin M. Mark 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionAutomated manual lymphatic drainage therapy (AMLDT) is available for home use in the form of a pneumatic mat of 16 pressurized air channels that inflate and deflate to mimic the stretch and release action of manual lymphatic drainage therapy. Four cases (a patient with complex regional pain syndrome and lymphedema, a healthy patient, a breast cancer survivor with chronic pain, and a patient with a history of abdominal surgery) underwent near-infrared fluorescence lymphatic imaging (NIRFLI) with AMLDT to evaluate the effect of AMLDT on lymphatic pumping and pain.MethodsEach patient received 32–36 injections of 25 μg indocyanine green (ICG) on the anterior and posterior sides of their body and underwent 1 h of NIRFLI to assess the drainage of ICG laden lymph toward regional nodal basins at baseline. Each patient lay supine on the mat for 1 h of AMLDT with NIRFLI to assess lymphatic flow during treatment. A final NIFRFLI assessment was done 30–60 min posttreatment with the patient in the supine and prone position. Patients reported baseline and posttreatment pain using the Visual Analogue Scale. An imager analyzed NIRFLI images using ImageJ (US National Institutes of Health). Using time stamps of the first and last images to determine time lapsed and the number of pulses observed in a timeframe, pulsing frequency (pulses/min) was obtained to assess lymphatic function.ResultsAll 4 cases completed the NIRFLI and AMLDT without complications; all 3 patients with baseline pain reported reduced pain posttreatment. AMLDT appeared to alter lymphatic contractility, with both increased and decreased pulsing frequencies observed, including in nonaffected limbs. Pulsing frequencies were very heterogeneous among patients and varied within anatomic regions of the same patient.DiscussionThis proof-of-concept study suggests that AMLDT may impact lymphatic contractility. Further research on its effect on lymphatic function is warranted.
The effect of gut microbiome and plasma metabolome on systemic sclerosis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xie Shasha , Meng Qiming , Wang Lin 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundCellular and molecular biology, combined with research on the human microbiome and metabolome, have provided new insights into the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). However, most studies on gut microbiota (GM) and metabolome in SSc are observational studies. The impact of confounding factors and reverse causation leads to different insights. To shed light on this matter, we utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) to determine the causal effect of GM/metabolites on SSc.MethodsBased on summary-level data from genome-wide association studies, bidirectional Two-sample MR was conducted involving 196 GM, 1400 plasma metabolism, and 9,095 SSc. Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) was mainly used for effect estimation.ResultsForward MR analysis found that three GM and two plasma metabolites are causally related to SSc. IVW results showed Victivallaceae (family) (OR, 1.469; 95%CI, 1.099–1.963; p = 0.009) and LachnospiraceaeUCG004 (genus) (OR, 1.548; 95%CI, 1.020–2.349; p = 0.04) were risk factor of SSc. Conversely, Prevotella7 (genus) (OR, 0.759; 95%CI, 0.578–0.997; p = 0.048)was a protective factor of SSc. The results on plasma metabolites indicated that Pregnenediol disulfate (C21H34O8S2) levels (OR, 1.164; 95%CI, 1.006–1.347; p = 0.041)was a risk factor of SSc, while Sphingomyelin (d18:1/19:0, d19:1/18:0) levels (OR, 0.821; 95%CI, 0.677–0.996; p = 0.045)was a protective factor of SSc. Reverse MR analysis did not find causally relationship between SSc and the above GM/plasma metabolites.ConclusionOur results revealed the causally effect between GM/plasma metabolites and SSc. These findings provided new insights into the mechanism of SSc. In particular, we demonstrated Prevotella7 was a protective factor of SSc despite its controversial role in SSc in previous researches.
Prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of dysphagia after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Song Wenjing , Wu Minmin , Wang Haoran , Pang Ruifeng , Zhu Luwen 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundDysphagia is a common complication after stroke, which not only brings adverse outcomes but also greatly affects the quality of life of patients. At present, there is no systematic review or meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of post-stroke dysphagia (PSD). A systematic review of the prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis of PSD is essential.MethodsThrough 31 December 2022, a comprehensive literature search was performed for observational studies related to PSD. Five databases were retrieved. Random-effects models were used to estimate the pooled prevalence, odds ratio (OR), and 95% CIs.ResultsA total of 34 studies were included, and the results showed that the overall prevalence of PSD was 46.6% (95% CI, 0.405–0.528). The prevalence of dysphagia in ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke was 43.6% (95% CI 0.370–0.501) and 58.8% (95% CI 0.519–0.654), respectively. The prevalence of PSD in Africa was 49.4% (95% CI, 0.196–0.792), in Asia was 40.1% (95% CI, 0.348–0.454), in Europe was 45.8% (95% CI, 0.327–0.590), in North America was 44.3% (95% CI, 0.370–0.517), in South America was 57.5% (95% CI, 0.441–0.708), and in Oceania was 64.1% (95%CI, 0.558, 0.724). In risk factor analysis, hypertension, previous stroke, and atrial fibrillation were significantly associated with the occurrence of PSD, pooled OR = 1.179 [(95% CI, 1.002–1.386), p &lt; 0.05], pooled OR = 1.514 [(95% CI, 1.204–1.905), p &lt; 0.001], and pooled OR = 1.980 [(95% CI, 1.580–2.481), p &lt; 0.001]. In outcome studies, the prevalence of aphasia and dysarthria in PSD was 35.6% (95% CI, 0.213–0.499) and 54.5% (95% CI, 0.293–0.798), respectively. The prevalence of respiratory tract infection was 27.1% (95%CI, −0.038–0.579), and the prevalence of pneumonitis was 32.1% (95% CI, 0.224–0.418). Persistence of dysphagia at discharge and at 1 month was 74.5% (95% CI, 0.621–0.869) and 50.9% (95% CI, 0.142–0.876), respectively. Mortality rates for PSD patients during admission and discharge at 1 month, 3 months, and 1 year were 11.8% (95% CI, 0.083–0.152), 26.5% (95% CI, 0.170–0.359), 25.7% (95% CI, 0.19–0.324), and 31.3% (95% CI, 0.256–0.369), respectively.ConclusionThis study found that the overall prevalence of PSD was 46.6%. Prevalence is most influenced by the diagnosis method. Hypertension, history of stroke, atrial fibrillation, patient age, and stroke severity were risk factors significantly associated with PSD. The prevalence of aphasia, dysarthria, respiratory tract infection, and pneumonitis in PSD patients is 2–4 times that of patients without PSD.Systematic review registration: www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, PROSPERO, CRD42021252967.
Causality between multiple autoimmune disorders and migraine and its subtypes: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Rui , Han Jing , Shao Guoliang , Liu Changyue , Li Shuo , Wang Mengmeng , Yang Dianhui 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionSeveral studies have reported associations between various autoimmune diseases and migraine. Using Mendelian randomization (MR), this study aimed to evaluate the interplay between autoimmune diseases and migraine.MethodsHere, instrumental variables, exposure factors, and outcome factors for 10 common autoimmune diseases and migraine and its subtypes were screened. This screening utilized comprehensive statistics from Europe’s largest genome-wide association study and performed reverse MR analysis on positive results. The causality between autoimmune diseases and migraine was comprehensively assessed using multiple analytical methods. Additionally, sensitivity analyses, such as the horizontal diversity heterogeneity and leave-one-out method, were performed.ResultsRandom-effects inverse variance weighting analysis revealed a causal correlation between autoimmune hyperthyroidism and migraine (p = 0.0002), and this association was consistent across both migraine with aura (MA; p = 0.006) and migraine without aura (MO; p = 0.017). In addition, there was a positive causal association between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and MA (p = 0.001) and between hypothyroidism and MO (p = 0.038). There is insufficient evidence to substantiate a causal link between outcomes and other autoimmune-related disorders, and reverse MR results did not reveal a causal relationship between migraines and these autoimmune disorders. The validity of the results was demonstrated by a sensitivity analysis; horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity were not observed.DiscussionThis study observed a positive genetic association between autoimmune hyperthyroidism and migraines. In addition, SLE positively affects MA, and hypothyroidism contributes to the incidence of MO. These results have great significance for future research and prevention of migraine.
Temporary Gasserian ganglion stimulation utilizing SNM electrode in subacute herpetic trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Niu Jiejie , Wang Chenhui , Wang Xing , Lu Guijun 
Published: July 2024

ObjectiveGasserian ganglion stimulation (GGS) is a neuromodulation technique that has been extensively applied in treating postherpetic trigeminal neuralgia. However, permanent implantation of GGS was preferred in most treatment approaches. Few studies have investigated temporary GGS for the treatment of acute/subacute herpetic trigeminal neuralgia. Moreover, previous research has reported lead dislocation when utilizing traditional electrodes, which was associated with poor pain relief. In GGS research, preventing the accidental displacement of lead following implantation has consistently been a primary objective.MethodsWe report a case of a 70-year-old woman with subacute herpetic trigeminal neuralgia who underwent temporary GGS for 14 days utilizing a sacral neuromodulation (SNM) quadripolar-tined lead. Computed tomography-guided percutaneous foramen ovale (FO) puncture and temporary SNM electrode implantation were performed during the surgery. A telephone interview was conducted to record a 12-month follow-up.ResultsAt admission, zoster-related trigeminal pain severity was assessed to be 9/10 on the visual analog scale (VAS). After a 14-day GGS treatment, the pain assessed on the VAS score reduced to 1/10 at discharge but increased to 4/10 at the 12-month follow-up after surgery. Additionally, the anxiety level improved from 58 points to 35 points on the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the depression level improved from 62 points to 40 points on the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). The Physical Component Summary score of the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) increased from 33.9 to 47.0, and the Mental Component Summary (MCS) score of the SF-12 increased from 27.4 to 41.9.ConclusionTemporary GGS might be a potentially effective treatment for subacute herpetic trigeminal neuralgia, and an SNM electrode might be a good choice for reducing the risk of dislocation.
Diet affects inflammatory arthritis: a Mendelian randomization study of 30 dietary patterns causally associated with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Wang Haiyang , Wu Qinglin , Qu Pengda , Wang Shiqi , Du Shiyu , Peng Zhaorong , Tao Licheng , Wang Wuxia , Tang Xiaohu 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundThe causal associations between dietary intake and the risk and severity of Inflammatory Arthritis (IA) are currently unknown.ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to investigate the causal relationship between nine dietary categories (30 types of diet) and IA using Mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsWe analyzed data from 30 diets and IA in a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that could influence the results of MR analyses were screened out through the Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) test. SNPs were analyzed through two-sample bidirectional MR using inverse variance weighting, MR-Egger regression, and weighted median method. The multiplicity and heterogeneity of SNPs were assessed using MR-Egger intercept term tests and Cochran’s Q tests. FDR correction was used to correct the p-values.ResultsIVW results showed that Beef intake [Odds ratio (OR) = 2.862; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.360–6.021, p = 0.006, p_fdr &lt; 0.05] was positively associated with rheumatoid arthritis(RA); Dried fruit intake (OR = 0.522; 95% CI, 0.349–0.781, p = 0.002, p_fdr &lt; 0.05), and Iron intake (OR = 0.864; 95%CI, 0.777–0.960, p = 0.007, p_fdr &lt; 0.05) were negatively associated with RA, all of which were evidence of significance. Fresh fruit intake (OR = 2.528. 95% CI, 1.063–6.011, p = 0.036, p_fdr &gt; 0.05) was positively associated with psoriatic arthritis (PsA); Cheese intake (OR = 0.579; 95% CI, 0.367–0.914, p = 0.019, p_fdr &gt; 0.05) was negatively associated with PsA; both were suggestive evidence. Processed meat intake (OR = 0.238; 95% CI, 0.100–0.565, p = 0.001, p_fdr &lt; 0.05) was negatively associated with reactive arthritis (ReA), a protective factor, and significant evidence. All exposure data passed the heterogeneity check (Cochrane’s Q test p &gt; 0.05) and no directional pleiotropy was detected. Leave-one-out analyses demonstrated the robustness of the causal relationship in the positive results.ConclusionOur study presents genetic evidence supporting a causal relationship between diet and an increased risk of IA. It also identifies a causal relationship between various dietary modalities and different types of IA. These findings have significant implications for the prevention and management of IA through dietary modifications.
Clinical analysis of special types of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children
Authors: Cai Hao , Gao Jinjian 
Published: July 2024

ObjectivesTo explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment of special types of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children and provide a reference for clinicians to formulate treatment plans.MethodsClinical data of 29 children with special types of tracheobronchial foreign bodies who were treated at The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between June 2017 and June 2022 were collected and analyzed, and their diagnosis and treatment processes were reviewed.ResultsAll 29 special types of foreign bodies were successfully removed using rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia, with no surgical complications.Conclusions and significanceFor the treatment of special types of tracheobronchial foreign bodies, clinicians should make detailed surgical plans and select appropriate instruments according to different conditions to improve the surgical success rate and reduce the occurrence of complications.
Random forest model used to predict the medical out-of-pocket costs of hypertensive patients
Authors: Kumagai Narimasa , Jakovljević Mihajlo 
Published: July 2024

BackgroundPrecise prediction of out-of-pocket (OOP) costs to improve health policy design is important for governments of countries with national health insurance. Controlling the medical expenses for hypertension, one of the leading causes of stroke and ischemic heart disease, is an important issue for the Japanese government. This study aims to explore the importance of OOP costs for outpatients with hypertension.MethodsTo obtain a precise prediction of the highest quartile group of OOP costs of hypertensive outpatients, we used nationwide longitudinal data, and estimated a random forest (RF) model focusing on complications with other lifestyle-related diseases and the nonlinearities of the data.ResultsThe results of the RF models showed that the prediction accuracy of OOP costs for hypertensive patients without activities of daily living (ADL) difficulties was slightly better than that for all hypertensive patients who continued physician visits during the past two consecutive years. Important variables of the highest quartile of OOP costs were age, diabetes or lipidemia, lack of habitual exercise, and moderate or vigorous regular exercise.ConclusionAs preventing complications of diabetes or lipidemia is important for reducing OOP costs in outpatients with hypertension, regular exercise of moderate or vigorous intensity is recommended for hypertensive patients that do not have ADL difficulty. For hypertensive patients with ADL difficulty, habitual exercise is not recommended.