bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional radial echo‐planar spectroscopic imaging for hyperpolarized 13C MRSI in vivo
Authors: Awenius Marcel , Abeln Helen , Müller Melanie , Franke Vanessa L. , Rincon Gino , Glowa Christin , Schmitt Michaela , Bangert Renate , Ludwig Dominik , Schmidt Andreas B. , Kuder Tristan A. , Ladd Mark E. , Bachert Peter , Biegger Philipp , Korzowski Andreas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate the feasibility of 3D echo‐planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) technique with rapid volumetric radial k‐space sampling for hyperpolarized (HP) 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) in vivo.MethodsA radial EPSI (rEPSI) was implemented on a 3 T clinical PET/MR system. To enable volumetric coverage, the sinusoidal shaped readout gradients per k‐t‐spoke were rotated along the three spatial dimensions in a golden‐angle like manner. A distance‐weighted, density‐compensated gridding reconstruction was used, also in cases with undersampling of spokes in k‐space. Measurements without and with HP 13C‐labeled substances were performed in phantoms and rats using a double‐resonant 13C/1H volume resonator with 72 mm inner diameter.ResultsPhantom measurements demonstrated the feasibility of the implemented rEPSI sequence, as well as the robustness to undersampling in k‐space up to a factor of 5 without advanced reconstruction techniques. Applied to measurements with HP [1‐13C]pyruvate in a tumor‐bearing rat, we obtained well‐resolved MRSI datasets with a large matrix size of 123 voxels covering the whole imaging FOV of (180 mm)3 within 6.3 s, enabling to observe metabolism in dynamic acquisitions.ConclusionAfter further optimization, the proposed rEPSI method may be useful in applications of HP 13C‐tracers where unknown or varying metabolite resonances are expected, and the acquisition of dynamic, volumetric MRSI datasets with an adequate temporal resolution is a challenge.
Multiband accelerated 2D EPI for multi‐echo brain QSM at 3 T
Authors: Kiersnowski Oliver C. , Fuchs Patrick , Wastling Stephen J. , Nassar Jannette , Thornton John S. , Shmueli Karin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeData for QSM are typically acquired using multi‐echo 3D gradient echo (GRE), but EPI can be used to accelerate QSM and provide shorter acquisition times. So far, EPI‐QSM has been limited to single‐echo acquisitions, which, for 3D GRE, are known to be less accurate than multi‐echo sequences. Therefore, we compared single‐echo and multi‐echo EPI‐QSM reconstructions across a range of parallel imaging and multiband acceleration factors.MethodsUsing 2D single‐shot EPI in the brain, we compared QSM from single‐echo and multi‐echo acquisitions across combined parallel‐imaging and multiband acceleration factors ranging from 2 to 16, with volume pulse TRs from 21.7 to 3.2 s, respectively. For single‐echo versus multi‐echo reconstructions, we investigated the effect of acceleration factors on regional susceptibility values, temporal noise, and image quality. We introduce a novel masking method based on thresholding the magnitude of the local field gradients to improve brain masking in challenging regions.ResultsAt 1.6‐mm isotropic resolution, high‐quality QSM was achieved using multi‐echo 2D EPI with a combined acceleration factor of 16 and a TR of 3.2 s, which enables functional applications. With these high acceleration factors, single‐echo reconstructions are inaccurate and artefacted, rendering them unusable. Multi‐echo acquisitions greatly improve QSM quality, particularly at higher acceleration factors, provide more consistent regional susceptibility values across acceleration factors, and decrease temporal noise compared with single‐echo QSM reconstructions.ConclusionMulti‐echo acquisition is more robust for EPI‐QSM across parallel imaging and multiband acceleration factors than single‐echo acquisition. Multi‐echo EPI can be used for highly accelerated acquisition while preserving QSM accuracy and quality relative to gold‐standard 3D‐GRE QSM.
Accurate Estimation of Magnetic Moments in 4f and 3d Magnetic Ions
Authors: Mathiang Karlo Ayuel 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTWe propose a method for calculating magnetic moments of 4f and 3d ions, applicable to both free ions and those within a crystal field. Based on angular momentum theory, this method provides efficient expressions for calculating magnetic moments. Applicable to individual electronic substates, it facilitates the selection and tuning of magnetic states in materials. Our method shows excellent agreement with published data for free 4f ions and offers efficient approximations for dilute 3d systems and single‐molecule magnets. We successfully validated our formulism by reproducing experimental results for Nd3⁺ in NdAl₂. Additionally, predicted moments for Fe2⁺ in FeF₂ agree well with our estimates and existing data, demonstrating the method's effectiveness for ions in crystals.
Optimal condition‐based parameter learning and mission abort decisions
Authors: Yang Li , Ma Yuhan , Wei Fanping , Qiu Qingan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractUnexpected failures of safety‐critical systems during mission execution are not desirable in that they often result in severe safety hazards and significant financial losses. Prompt mission abort based on real‐time degradation data is an effective means to prevent such failures and enhance system safety. In this study, we focus on safety‐critical systems that experience cumulative shock degradation and fails when the degradation exceeds a failure threshold. Real‐time degradation measurements are obtained via sensor monitoring, which are stochastically related to the hidden degradation parameters that vary across components. We formulate the optimal mission risk control problem as a sequential abort decision‐making problem that integrates adaptive parameter learning, following which a dynamic Bayesian learning approach is exploited to sequentially infer the uncertain degradation parameters by utilizing real‐time sensor data. The problem is constituted as a finite horizon Markov decision process to minimize the expected costs associated with inspections, mission failures and system failures. We derive a series of structural properties of the value function and demonstrate the existence of optimal abort thresholds. In particular, we establish that the optimal policy follows a state‐dependent control limit policy. Additionally, we study the existence and monotonicity of control limits associated with both the number of inspections and degradation severities. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed risk management policy through comparative experiments that show substantial superiorities over risk‐induced loss control.
Research trends in nurse–parent partnership: A scoping review of the paediatric field in South Korea
Authors: Park Seo Jin , Yun Ji Yeong , Lee Jina , Cho In Young 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo analyse and describe the trends concerning nurse–parent partnerships in South Korean research, presenting their implications in paediatric care and guiding future directions for partnership research.DesignA scoping review.MethodsThe scoping review was conducted according to the framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley. This review method consists of five stages: (1) identifying a research question, (2) identifying relevant studies, (3) selecting relevant studies, (4) charting the data extraction and (5) collating, summarizing and reporting the results. The studies reviewed were searched from electronic databases.ResultsThirty studies were analysed for general characteristics, type of research method and findings from quantitative and qualitative research. Among the quantitative research, factors associated with partnerships, such as self‐efficacy, quality of care and coping, were commonly associated with nurse–parent partnerships regardless of parent‐, child‐ and nurse‐related factors. The intervention methods included active parental participation and the development of educational materials. In the review of qualitative research, parents and paediatric nurses experienced that even when both groups occupied the same environment simultaneously, a disparity existed between the paediatric nurses' and parents' perceptions of their partnership experiences.Implications for the ProfessionStrengthening nurse‐parent partnerships is crucial in improving health outcomes and quality of life for paediatric patients in South Korea. Effective collaboration, emphasizing mutual respect, effective communication, and shared decision‐making, is essential in paediatric nursing care. This requires ongoing research, including both parents and a multidisciplinary approach to build supportive relationships across various age groups. Recognizing parents as key members of the care team, with valuable insights and contributions, enhances care quality. Additionally, enhancing paediatric nurses' self‐efficacy, empowerment, and communication skills through continuous education is vital to improving parents' perceived quality of nursing. Partnership‐centred practices not only boost care quality but also fortify the bond between healthcare providers and families, promoting better health outcomes.No Patient or Public ContributionThis work did not incorporate patient or public contributions, as its methodology was centred on a scoping review approach.
Quality of nursing care: Predictors of patient satisfaction in a national sample
Authors: Al‐Hammouri Fawzi , Hamdan Khaldoun M. , Haymour Abdullah M. , Ibrahim Malak O. , Malkawi Adeeb , Al‐Hiary Sakher S. , Albqoor Maha Alkaid , Shaheen Abeer M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimTo assess patients' satisfaction with the quality of nursing care and the relationship between patients' characteristics and their level of satisfaction.DesignA descriptive correlational cross‐sectional design was used in this study.MethodsConvenient sampling was utilized to include 1014 inpatients from six hospitals in Jordan: three private hospitals; two governmental hospitals; and one university‐affiliated hospital. The data collection process occurred from September 2022 to January 2023. The data were collected using the Arabic version of the Patients' Satisfaction with Nursing Care Quality Questionnaire. The data were analysed using Pearson correlation, t‐test, one‐way ANOVA and multiple hierarchal regression.ResultsThe study included 1014 patients with an average age of 51.3 (SD = 18.6), and 59.9% were females. More than two thirds of the sample reported having health insurance, and 62.7% were unemployed. The mean total score of patients' satisfaction with nursing care quality (NCQ) was 68.2 (SD = 12.9), indicating high satisfaction. Higher‐income levels (p < 0.001), higher education levels (p = 0.003), having health insurance (p < 0.001), being admitted to private hospitals (p < 0.001), being admitted to critical care units (p = 0.002), being in a single room (p = 0.001), excellent perceived health status (p < 0.001) and willingness to recommend the hospital to family and friends (p < 0.001) were significant predictors of patients' satisfaction with NCQ.ConclusionsPatient and hospital environment characteristics affected patients' satisfaction with NCQ. Hospital management should consider these characteristics to improve patient satisfaction and outcomes.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CarePolicymakers and hospital management should consider improving the physical environment of their facilities to improve patients' satisfaction. Continuous professional development should emphasize nurses' communication skills to enhance their abilities to deliver information to their patients.ImpactThis study examined levels and predictors of patients' satisfaction with the quality of nursing care. The results indicated that improving patients' satisfaction can be achieved by focusing on areas of nurses' communication skills and explaining information to patients.Reporting MethodThe study adhered to STORBE guidelines for reporting observational studies.Patient or Public ContributionHospitalized patients contributed to the data of this study. Hospital administrators facilitated its implementation.
The Relationships among communication competence, professional autonomy and clinical reasoning competence in oncology nurses
Authors: Noh Suyeon , Kang Younhee 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsTo investigate the relationships among communication competence, professional autonomy and clinical reasoning and to identify the factors that influence clinical reasoning competence in oncology nurses.DesignCross‐sectional descriptive design.MethodsParticipants included 147 oncology nurses with more than a year of clinical experience in cancer wards. The Global Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale, Schutzenhofer Professional Autonomy Scale and Nurses Clinical Reasoning Scale (NCRS) were used to collect data. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t‐test, one‐way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis.ResultsCommunication competence (r = 0.59) and professional autonomy (r = 0.46) showed significant positive relationships with clinical reasoning competence. Clinical experience, communication competence, age and professional autonomy were statistically significant predictors and explained 48.6% of clinical reasoning competence.ConclusionsThe clinical reasoning competence of oncology nurses increases proportionally with their communication competence and professional autonomy. Therefore, oncology nurses must reinforce their communication competence and professional autonomy to enhance their clinical reasoning competence.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThe reinforcement of communication competence and professional autonomy is necessary for oncology nurses to enhance their clinical reasoning competence. In order to improve nurses' communication competence, practical‐focused communication education programmes must be designed and deployed systematically and periodically. In addition, to increase nurses' professional autonomy, it is necessary to expand their clinical experiences through the regular rotation of working units and to make institutional efforts to retain experienced nurses.Reporting MethodWe have adhered to STROBE checklist.Patient or Public ContributionParticipants in the study were recruited online. They were informed of the study's purpose, method and usability and the survey could only be conducted if they consented to participate voluntarily.
Does terminology matter when measuring stigmatizing attitudes about weight? Validation of a brief, modified attitudes toward obese persons scale
Authors: Martin‐Wagar Caitlin A. , Melcher Katelyn A. , Attaway Sarah E. , Bennett Brooke L. , Thompson Connor J. , Kronenberger Oscar , Penwell Taylor E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveCommonly used terms like “obese person” have been identified as stigmatizing by those with lived experience. Thus, this study sought to revise a commonly used measure of weight stigmatizing attitudes, the Attitudes Toward Obese Persons (ATOP) scale.MethodsThe original terminology in the 20‐item ATOP (e.g., “obese”) was compared to a modified version using neutral terms (e.g., “higher weight”). Participants (N = 832) were randomized to either receive the original or modified ATOP.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference, with a small effect size (d = −0.22), between the scores of participants who received the original ATOP (M = 69.25) and the modified ATOP (M = 72.85), t(414) = −2.27, p = 0.024. Through principal component analysis, the modified ATOP was best used as a brief, 8‐item unidimensional measure. In a second sample, confirmatory factor analysis verified the fit of the brief, 8‐item factor structure.ConclusionsFindings suggest that a modified, brief version of the ATOP (ATOP‐Heigher Weight; ATOP‐HW) with neutral language is suitable for assessing negative attitudes about higher‐weight people. The ATOP‐HW may slightly underestimate weight stigma compared to the original ATOP, or the language in the ATOP may magnify negative attitudes. Further examination of the terminology used in weight stigma measures is needed to determine how to best assess weight stigma without reinforcing stigmatizing attitudes. The present study's findings suggest that the use of neutral terms in measures of anti‐fat bias is a promising solution that warrants further investigation.
Building the Empirical Puzzle on Impact of Macroeconomic Determinants on GST Revenue: An Empirical Investigation via ARDL Bound Test Perspective
Authors: Garg Shubham , Narwal Karam Pal , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe revenue mobilization remains a challenge for many countries, especially developing countries such as India. Therefore, this study explores the macroeconomic determinants of Goods and Service Tax (GST) revenue of the government in India as GST constitutes a major share in the Own Tax Revenue (OTR) of the government in India. The current study has employed the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to examine the macroeconomic determinants of GST taxation revenue of the government in India. The results reveal that foreign direct investment, depreciation in the exchange rate and foreign exchange reserves have a favorable impact on the GST revenue of the government in India. Furthermore, the gross fiscal deficits of the government and inflation have a detrimental effect on the GST revenue collection of the government in India. The results of the study are supported by the Tanzi effect and the Tanzi–Olivera effect for the detrimental effect of inflation and gross fiscal deficit on the GST revenue of the government in India. The current study has major policy implications for the government, policymakers, and researchers. The empirical results illustrates that the government may put a stringent check on inflation and gross fiscal deficit of the country to improve their GST collections. Moreover, the government should try to focus on foreign direct investment, trade openness, and foreign exchange reserve in India to increase their GST revenue. Meanwhile, the current study can be used as a base for conducting future studies at national and international levels for examining the determinants of other taxation revenue of the government by incorporating other country specific variables. This study may act as a novel contribution to the available literature on the macroeconomic determinants of taxation revenue in India. To the knowledge, it will be the first study in India to especially explore the determinants of GST revenue of the government in India. However, the findings of the study need to be generalize in future by incorporating a larger sample size as GST is still in its introductory phase in India.
Novel experimental approach to evaluate silica–elastomer interactions of vulcanizates
Authors: Jia Weijie , Lin Feifei , Li Zhibo , Zhang Hao , Liu Feng , Yang Yan 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe importance of the silica–polymer interaction in enhancing the performance of green tires is well recognized. However, there has been a lack of a standardized method to accurately characterize this interaction in vulcanizates. This paper introduces a new methodology for characterizing the interaction between polymer and silica, focusing on the impact of filler loading, coupling agents, and amount of sulfur on this interaction. The methodology is based on equilibrium swelling experiments. Conducting the swelling test in an ammonia atmosphere facilitates the elimination of physical interactions. Consequently, the resulting crosslink density predominantly encompasses that of the rubber matrix and the chemical silica–polymer interaction. Treatment of vulcanizates with hydrofluoric acid serves to nullify the chemical interaction between silica and rubber. Following this process, the equilibrium swelling test enables the determination of the crosslink density of the rubber matrix. As such, the disparity between the crosslink densities obtained after ammonia and after the hydrofluoric acid treatment signifies the chemical interaction between the polymer and silica. The findings revealed that the polymer–silica interaction facilitated by the coupling agent bis[3‐(triethoxysilyl)propyl]tetrasulfide (TESPT) exhibited a notably higher magnitude compared to that enabled by the coupling agent bis[3‐(triethoxysilyl)propyl]disulfide. Moreover, the silica–polymer interaction demonstrated a positive correlation with both silica/TESPT loading and sulfur content. It is worth noting that this paper provides one solution and theoretical basis for calculating polymer–filler interactions in crosslinked composites by dissolving fillers.Highlights
Experimental method for quantitative evaluation of silica–polymer interaction.
The method can also be applied to crosslinked polymer/nanofiller composites.
TESPT is a more potent silane than TESPD, even sulfur is compensated.
Polymer–filler interaction is deeply affected by polysulfide‐polymer reaction.
Expression of a mammalian RNA demethylase increases flower number and floral stem branching in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Markel Kasey , Waldburger Lucas , Shih Patrick M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRNA methylation plays a central regulatory role in plant biology and is a relatively new target for plant improvement efforts. In nearly all cases, perturbation of the RNA methylation machinery results in deleterious phenotypes. However, a recent landmark paper reported that transcriptome‐wide use of the human RNA demethylase FTO substantially increased the yield of rice and potatoes. Here, we have performed the first independent replication of those results and demonstrated broader transferability of the trait, finding increased flower and fruit count in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. We also performed RNA‐seq of our FTO‐transgenic plants, which we analyzed in conjunction with previously published datasets to detect several previously unrecognized patterns in the functional and structural classification of the upregulated and downregulated genes. From these, we present mechanistic hypotheses to explain these surprising results with the goal of spurring more widespread interest in this promising new approach to plant engineering.
Theta‐curves in proteins
Authors: Dabrowski‐Tumanski Pawel , Goundaroulis Dimos , Stasiak Andrzej , Rawdon Eric J. , Sulkowska Joanna I. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe study and characterize the topology of connectivity circuits observed in natively folded protein structures whose coordinates are deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Polypeptide chains of some proteins naturally fold into unique knotted configurations. Another kind of nontrivial topology of polypeptide chains is observed when, in addition to covalent bonds connecting consecutive amino acids in polypeptide chains, one also considers disulfide and ionic bonds between non‐consecutive amino acids. Bonds between non‐consecutive amino acids introduce bifurcation points into connectivity circuits defined by bonds between consecutive and nonconsecutive amino acids in analyzed proteins. Circuits with bifurcation points can form θ‐curves with various topologies. We catalog here the observed topologies of θ‐curves passing through bridges between consecutive and non‐consecutive amino acids in studied proteins.