bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On a possible origin for the lack of old star clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Carpintero D. D. , Gómez F. A. , Piatti A. E. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
We model the dynamical interaction between the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds and their corresponding stellar cluster populations. Our goal is to explore whether the lack of old clusters (≳7 Gyr) in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) can be the result of the capture of clusters by the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) as well as their ejection due to the tidal interaction between the two galaxies. For this purpose, we perform a suite of numerical simulations probing a wide range of parameters for the orbit of the SMC about the LMC. We find that, for orbital eccentricities e ≥ 0.4, approximately 15 per cent of the SMC clusters are captured by the LMC. In addition, another 20–50 per cent of its clusters are ejected into the intergalactic medium. In general, the clusters lost by the SMC are the less tightly bound cluster population. The final LMC cluster distribution shows a spatial segregation between clusters that originally belonged to the LMC and those that were captured from the SMC. Clusters that originally belonged to the SMC are more likely to be found in the outskirts of the LMC. Within this scenario, it is possible to interpret the difference observed between the star field and cluster SMC age–metallicity relationships for ages ≳7 Gyr.
Kepler observations of the eclipsing cataclysmic variable KIS J192748.53+444724.5
Authors: Scaringi S. , Groot P. J. , Still M. 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
We present results from long-cadence Kepler observations covering 97.6 d of the newly discovered eclipsing cataclysmic variable KIS J192748.53+444724.5/KIC 8625249. We detect deep eclipses of the accretion disc by the donor star every 3.97 h. Additionally, the Kepler observations also cover a full outburst for this cataclysmic variable, making KIS J192748.53+444724.5 the second known eclipsing cataclysmic variable system in the Kepler field of view. We show how in quiescence a significant component associated with the hotspot is visible preceding the eclipse, and that this component is swamped by the brightness increase during the outburst, potentially associated with the accretion disc. Furthermore, we present evidence for accretion disc radius changes during the outburst by analysing the out-of-eclipse light levels and eclipse depth through each orbital cycle. We show how these parameters are linearly correlated in quiescence, and discuss how their evolution during the outburst suggests disc radius changes and/or radial temperature gradient variations in the disc.
White Rot of Garlic and Onion (Causal Agent, Sclerotium cepivorum): A Status Report from the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Lupien Shari L. , Hellier Barbara C. , Dugan Frank M. , Skoglund Linnea G. , Ward Karen F. 
Published: August 2013

There is evidence from literature, state department of agriculture documents, and recent diagnoses that Sclerotium cepivorum, causal agent of white rot of garlic and onion, is spreading and/or becoming more established in the Pacific Northwest. Previously documented distributions are summarized and the fungus is reported for the first time from Latah Co., ID; Pend Oreille Co., WA; and Lake, Sanders, and Missoula counties, MT. Although known from a tightly quarantined prior occurrence in the Idaho portion of Treasure Valley (southwest Idaho), the pathogen has not been formally reported from that state nor from the state of Montana. Latah Co. has commercial production of seed garlic and borders adjacent Whitman Co., WA, where the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) maintains North America's largest non-commercial collection of garlic and wild/ornamental onion. Strict phytosanitary protocols have been implemented on the NPGS farm. Various areas within the Pacific Northwest have long been important for commercial Allium production, and a list of state departments of agriculture regulations addressing white rot is presented for Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Accepted for publication 18 February 2013. Published 19 June 2013.
A Photographic Diagnostic Guide for Identification of the Principal Cranberry Fruit Rot Pathogens
Authors: Wells Lindsay D. , McManus Patricia S. 
Published: August 2013

Many fungal species contribute to the cranberry fruit rot disease complex, the most devastating disease problem of cranberry crops, but the most significant economic losses can be attributed to a subset of five to seven species. Identifying these pathogens requires rotten cranberries to be culture on different microbiological media, where colony appearance differs. The objective of this report is to provide a photographic identification guide for each of the eight principal fruit rot pathogens when grown on different microbiological media. Accepted for publication 17 April 2013. Published 29 July 2013.
First Report of Soybean vein necrosis-associated virus Affecting Soybeans in Alabama
Authors: Conner Kassie , Sikora Edward J. , Zhang Lee , Burmester Charles 
Published: August 2013

Soybean vein necrosis-associated virus (SVNaV) is a relatively new disease of soybeans in the United States. This is the first report of SVNaV in Alabama. The disease was confirmed to be SVNaV by ELISA and sequencing virus specific PCR products. Confirmation of the disease in Alabama is an important step in developing management recommendations for growers. Accepted for publication 10 May 2013. Published 29 July 2013.
First Report of Pantoea ananatis (Syn. Erwinia uredovora) Being Associated with Peanut Rust in Georgia
Authors: Arias R. S. , Power I. L. , Culbreath A. K. , Sobolev V. S. , Lamb M. C. 
Published: August 2013

This is the first report of Pantoea ananatis on urediniospores of Puccinia arachidis. Presence of the bacterium is relevant for research and management of peanut rust. Accepted for publication 18 May 2013. Published 29 July 2013.
An Analysis of Methodologies That Can Be Used to Validate if a Perioperative Surgical Home Improves the Patient-centeredness, Evidence-based Practice, Quality, Safety, and Value of Patient Care
Authors: Vetter Thomas R. , Ivankova Nataliya V. , Goeddel Lee A. , McGwin Gerald , Pittet Jean-Francois 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
Approximately 80 million inpatient and outpatient surgeries are performed annually in the United States. Widely variable and fragmented perioperative care exposes these surgical patients to lapses in expected standard of care, increases the chance for operational mistakes and accidents, results in unnecessary and potentially detrimental care, needlessly drives up costs, and adversely affects the patient healthcare experience. The American Society of Anesthesiologists and other stakeholders have proposed a more comprehensive model of perioperative care, the Perioperative Surgical Home (PSH), to improve current care of surgical patients and to meet the future demands of increased volume, quality standards, and patient-centered care. To justify implementation of this new healthcare delivery model to surgical colleagues, administrators, and patients and maintain the integrity of evidenced-based practice, the nascent PSH model must be rigorously evaluated. This special article proposes comparative effectiveness research aims or objectives and an optimal study design for the novel PSH model.
Validation of Ultrasound Methods to Monitor Gastric Volume Changes in Preterm Infants
Authors: Perrella Sharon L. , Hepworth Anna R. , Simmer Karen N. , Geddes Donna T. 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of this study was to validate 4 sonographic methods of estimating stomach volume for the purpose of monitoring changes in gastric volume over time and to describe the echogenic characteristics of milk feeds.Methods:Twenty‐four infants were monitored during a single intragastric tube feed, with 2 ultrasound images of the entire stomach and an image of the antral cross‐sectional area (ACSA) before, during, and after the feed. Raw measurements, 3 stomach volume calculations, and ACSA were tested for intra‐ and interrater agreement. Calculated stomach volumes and ACSA were compared with delivered feed volumes, and characteristics of stomach image echogenicity graded at each time point.Results:Spheroid calculation of stomach volume was the most reliable and valid measure of stomach volume. Fortified breast milk feeds were more echogenic than unfortified breast milk feeds. Residual stomach volumes (median 2.12 mL, range 0.59–9.27 mL) were identified in 18 of 24 infants.Conclusions:Direct ultrasound stomach measurement (spheroid) will provide a useful research tool and a potential clinical tool for assessing gastric emptying and feeding intolerance in preterm infants.
Feeding Immaturity in Preterm Neonates
Authors: Davis Natalie L. , Liu Ann , Rhein Lawrence 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTObjective:Oropharyngeal aspiration (OPA) is a common cause of morbidity in premature neonates. We sought to identify significant risk factors and determine the timing of feeding maturation in preterm infants with OPA.Methods:We performed a retrospective medical record review of 148 former preterm neonates referred for modified barium swallow study (MBSS) during a 3‐year period. We looked at the MBSS results and potential clinical and demographic risk factors and performed bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses to evaluate predictors of failure. We evaluated the timing of resolution of OPA based on MBSS results.Results:Of the 148 infants comprising our study cohort, 47 (32%) passed their initial MBSS and 101 (68%) were found to aspirate thin liquids. Infants who aspirate had younger corrected gestational age (CGA) and postnatal age at the time of testing. Increasing CGA led to lower odds of failing. Infants passed a MBSS at a median CGA of 53 weeks and those who failed an initial MBSS eventually passed after a median of ∼3.4 months from the first study. Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia had lower odds of failing their MBSS (odds ratio 0.16), but those taking inhaled corticosteroids and diuretics had higher odds of failing, and infants who were multiples also had higher odds of failing.Conclusions:We determined the median CGA for passing MBSS and identified risk factors for OPA in this population. This information can help guide providers when counseling families on timing of feeding maturity and anticipation of appropriate timing for follow‐up MBSS testing.
Humoral Immune Mechanism of Liver Injury in Giant Cell Hepatitis With Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: Whitington Peter F. , Vos Miriam B. , Bass Lee M. , Melin‐Aldana Hector , Romero Rene , Roy Claude C. , Alvarez Fernando 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACTBackground and Aims:Giant cell hepatitis with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (GCH‐AHA) is presumed to be an autoimmune disease, but the mechanism of liver injury is unknown. We proposed that in CGH‐AHA, the humoral limb of autoimmunity is the dominant force driving progressive liver injury.Methods:We studied 6 cases of GCH‐AHA and 6 cases of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) with early childhood onset (3 type 1 and 3 type 2). Liver biopsies were graded for portal and periportal inflammation and for giant cells. Immunohistochemistry characterized cellular inflammation and complement involvement in injury by showing C5b‐9 complex in hepatocytes.Results:Clinical and biochemical features at presentation were generally similar; however, the absence of autoantibodies and the presence of Coombs positivity did distinguish GCH‐AHA from early‐onset AIH. Liver biopsy pathology in CGH‐AHA showed giant cells and little inflammation, whereas AIH showed the opposite. C5b‐9 staining showed high‐grade complement‐mediated pan‐lobular hepatocyte injury in all of the cases with GCH‐AHA, whereas little C5b‐9 was seen in hepatocytes in cases with AIH. Inflammation in GCH‐AHA comprised mainly lobular macrophages and neutrophils, whereas portal and periportal T‐cell and B‐cell inflammation characterized cases with AIH. Most cases with AIH responded to therapy with prednisone and azathioprine, whereas most cases with GCH‐AHA responded only to rituximab.Conclusions:Widespread complement‐mediated hepatocyte injury and typical C3a and C5a complement‐driven liver inflammation along with Coombs‐positive hemolytic anemia in GCH‐AHA provide convincing evidence that systemic B‐cell autoimmunity plays a central pathologic mechanism in the disease. Our findings support B‐cell–directed immunotherapy as a first‐line treatment of GCH‐AHA.
Enzymatic Formation of β-Citraurin from β-Cryptoxanthin and Zeaxanthin by Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase4 in the Flavedo of Citrus Fruit
Authors: Ma Gang , Zhang Lancui , Matsuta Asami , Matsutani Kazuki , Yamawaki Kazuki , Yahata Masaki , Wahyudi Anung , Motohashi Reiko , Kato Masaya 
Published: August 2013

Abstract
In this study, the pathway of β-citraurin biosynthesis, carotenoid contents and the expression of genes related to carotenoid metabolism were investigated in two varieties of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu), Yamashitabeni-wase, which accumulates β-citraurin predominantly, and Miyagawa-wase, which does not accumulate β-citraurin. The results suggested that CitCCD4 (for Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase4) was a key gene contributing to the biosynthesis of β-citraurin. In the flavedo of Yamashitabeni-wase, the expression of CitCCD4 increased rapidly from September, which was consistent with the accumulation of β-citraurin. In the flavedo of Miyagawa-wase, the expression of CitCCD4 remained at an extremely low level during the ripening process, which was consistent with the absence of β-citraurin. Functional analysis showed that the CitCCD4 enzyme exhibited substrate specificity. It cleaved β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin at the 7,8 or 7′,8′ position. But other carotenoids tested in this study (lycopene, α-carotene, β-carotene, all-trans-violaxanthin, and 9-cis-violaxanthin) were not cleaved by the CitCCD4 enzyme. The cleavage of β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin by CitCCD4 led to the formation of β-citraurin. Additionally, with ethylene and red light-emitting diode light treatments, the gene expression of CitCCD4 was up-regulated in the flavedo of Yamashitabeni-wase. These increases in the expression of CitCCD4 were consistent with the accumulation of β-citraurin in the two treatments. These results might provide new strategies to improve the carotenoid contents and compositions of citrus fruits.
Effect of dietary vitamin E on broiler meat qualities, color, water‐holding capacity and shear force value, under heat stress conditions
Authors: Hashizawa Yoshinori , Kubota Masatoshi , Kadowaki Motoni , Fujimura Shinobu 
Published: August 2013

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary vitamin E (VE) on broiler meat quality, especially focused on PSE (pale color, soft and exudative), under chronic heat stress (HS) conditions. Twenty‐eight‐day‐old female Ross broilers were kept in independent cages with a controlled temperature of 24°C (normal temperature: NT) or 30°C (high temperature: HT). The NT chickens were fed basal feed. The HT chickens were fed basal feed (HT) or VE (200 mg/kg) added feed (HT + E). Broilers were weighed and slaughtered at 38 days old. The breast muscle was removed immediately and then the samples were used for determination of meat color, pH, water holding capacity (WHC) and shear force value (SFV). Body weight gain and feed intake were significantly decreased in the HT and HT + E groups compared to the NT group. VE supplementation did not affect the growth performance. Chronic HS at 30°C for 10 days may cause deterioration of meat quality such as PSE. The effects of chronic HS on meat quality were most significant in the toughness of broiler breast meat. Supplementation of VE in broiler feed would be effective to prevent the extent of PSE on broiler meat by chronic HS.
Four‐Dimensional Geometry Lens: A Novel Volumetric Magnification Approach
Authors: Li Bo , Zhao Xin , Qin Hong 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe present a novel methodology that utilizes four‐dimensional (4D) space deformation to simulate a magnification lens on versatile volume datasets and textured solid models. Compared with other magnification methods (e.g. geometric optics, mesh editing), 4D differential geometry theory and its practices are much more flexible and powerful for preserving shape features (i.e. minimizing angle distortion), and easier to adapt to versatile solid models. The primary advantage of 4D space lies at the following fact: we can now easily magnify the volume of regions of interest (ROIs) from the additional dimension, while keeping the rest region unchanged. To achieve this primary goal, we first embed a 3D volumetric input into 4D space and magnify ROIs in the fourth dimension. Then we flatten the 4D shape back into 3D space to accommodate other typical applications in the real 3D world. In order to enforce distortion minimization, in both steps we devise the high‐dimensional geometry techniques based on rigorous 4D geometry theory for 3D/4D mapping back and forth to amend the distortion. Our system can preserve not only focus region, but also context region and global shape. We demonstrate the effectiveness, robustness and efficacy of our framework with a variety of models ranging from tetrahedral meshes to volume datasets.
Modelling Bending Behaviour in Cloth Simulation Using Hysteresis
Authors: Wong T. H. , Leach G. , Zambetta F. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractReal cloth exhibits bending effects, such as residual curvatures and permanent wrinkles. These are typically explained by bending plastic deformation due to internal friction in the fibre and yarn structure. Internal friction also gives rise to energy dissipation which significantly affects cloth dynamic behaviour. In textile research, hysteresis is used to analyse these effects, and can be modelled using complex friction terms at the fabric geometric structure level. The hysteresis loop is central to the modelling and understanding of elastic and inelastic (plastic) behaviour, and is often measured as a physical characteristic to analyse and predict fabric behaviour. However, in cloth simulation in computer graphics the use of hysteresis to capture these effects has not been reported so far. Existing approaches have typically used plasticity models for simulating plastic deformation. In this paper, we report on our investigation into experiments using a simple mathematical approximation to an ideal hysteresis loop at a high level to capture the previously mentioned effects. Fatigue weakening effects during repeated flexural deformation are also considered based on the hysteresis model. Comparisons with previous bending models and plasticity methods are provided to point out differences and advantages. The method requires only incremental extra computation time.
SCALe‐invariant Integral Surfaces
Authors: Zanni C. , Bernhardt A. , Quiblier M. , Cani M.‐P. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractExtraction of skeletons from solid shapes has attracted quite a lot of attention, but less attention was paid so far to the reverse operation: generating smooth surfaces from skeletons and local radius information. Convolution surfaces, i.e. implicit surfaces generated by integrating a smoothing kernel along a skeleton, were developed to do so. However, they failed to reconstruct prescribed radii and were unable to model large shapes with fine details. This work introduces SCALe‐invariant Integral Surfaces (SCALIS), a new paradigm for implicit modelling from skeleton graphs. Similarly to convolution surfaces, our new surfaces still smoothly blend when field contributions from new skeleton parts are added. However, in contrast with convolution surfaces, blending properties are scale‐invariant. This brings three major benefits: the radius of the surface around a skeleton can be explicitly controlled, shapes generated in blending regions are self‐similar regardless of the scale of the model and thin shape components are not excessively smoothed out when blended into larger ones.
Hyperforin inhibits cell proliferation and differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Nakamura K. , Aizawa K. , Yamauchi J. , Tanoue A. 
Published: August 2013

AbstractObjectivesHyperforin, a phloroglucinol derivative of St. John's Wort, has been identified as the major molecule responsible for this plant's products anti‐depressant effects. It can be expected that exposure to St. John's Wort during pregnancy occurs with some frequency although embryotoxic or teratogenic effects of St. John's Wort and hyperforin have not yet been experimentally examined in detail. In this study, to determine any embryotoxic effects of hyperforin, we have attempted to determine whether hyperforin affects growth and survival processes of employing mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells (representing embryonic tissue) and fibroblasts (representing adult tissues).Materials and methodsWe used a modified embryonic stem cell test, which has been validated as an in vitro developmental toxicity protocol, mES cells, to assess embryotoxic potential of chemicals under investigation.ResultsWe have identified that high concentrations of hyperforin inhibited mouse ES cell population growth and induced apoptosis in fibroblasts. Under our cell culture conditions, ES cells mainly differentiated into cardiomyocytes, although various other cell types were also produced. In this condition, hyperforin affected ES cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes in a dose‐dependent manner. Analysis of tissue‐specific marker expression also revealed that hyperforin at high concentrations partially inhibited ES cell differentiation into mesodermal and endodermal lineages.ConclusionsHyperforin is currently used in the clinic as a safe and effective antidepressant. Our data indicate that at typical dosages it has only a low risk of embryotoxicity; ingestion of large amounts of hyperforin by pregnant women, however, may pose embryotoxic and teratogenic risks.
Suicidal behaviours during treatment for first‐episode psychosis: towards a comprehensive approach to service‐based prevention
Authors: Fedyszyn Izabela E. , Robinson Jo , Harris Meredith G. , Paxton Susan J. , Francey Shona , Edwards Jane 
Published: August 2013

AbstractAimSuicidal behaviours (suicide attempts and suicides) are common among individuals experiencing, or having recently experienced, a first‐episode psychosis (FEP). Current interventions for suicidal behaviours are crisis driven and focused on hospital admission of patients at imminent risk of ending their lives. This paper aims to describe ideas for universal, selective and indicated strategies that may complement existing practices to suicide risk management in first‐episode patients.MethodsKey findings from the Suicidal Behaviours in FEP Project were used to develop suggested interventions. The project examined the temporal course of suicide risk, common characteristics of suicidal behaviours and predictors of suicidal behaviours in 699 patients with FEP.ResultsKey findings included: (i) 12% of FEP cohort engaged in suicidal behaviours during treatment (up to 3 years); (ii) first month of treatment conferred the highest suicide risk; (iii) 64% of suicidal behaviours were overdoses, usually on antipsychotics; (iv) 20% of suicidal behaviours occurred on psychiatric units and all involved hanging/strangulation; (v) most suicidal behaviours were impulsive, precipitated by psychosocial stressors and with serious intent; and (vi) proximal non‐suicidal self‐injurious behaviour and proximal negative life events were the strongest predictors.ConclusionComprehensive approach by mental health services to prevention of suicidal behaviours among first‐episode patients could be facilitated by: delineating safe quantities of prescribed medications available to outpatients; regular audits of fixtures on inpatient units; enhancing risk recognition by family members; routinely monitoring suicide risk levels; developing crisis cards with all new FEP patients to facilitate help seeking during distress; and skills training programs targeting distress tolerance, interpersonal effectiveness and problem‐solving.