bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of bacterial challenge on ferritin regulation in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti
Authors: Geiser Dawn L. , Zhou Guoli , Mayo Jonathan J. , Winzerling Joy J. 
Published: October 2012

AbstractSecreted ferritin is the major iron storage and transport protein in insects. Here, we characterize the message and protein expression profiles of yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) ferritin heavy chain homologue (HCH) and light chain homologue (LCH) subunits in response to iron and bacterial challenge. In vivo experiments demonstrated tissue‐specific regulation of HCH and LCH expression over time post‐blood meal (PBM). Transcriptional regulation of HCH and LCH was treatment specific, with differences in regulation for naïve versus mosquitoes challenged with heat‐killed bacteria (HKB). Translational regulation by iron regulatory protein (IRP) binding activity for the iron‐responsive element (IRE) was tissue‐specific and time‐dependent PBM. However, mosquitoes challenged with HKB showed little change in IRP/IRE binding activity compared to naïve animals. The changes in ferritin regulation and expression in vivo were confirmed with in vitro studies. We challenged mosquitoes with HKB followed by a blood meal to determine the effects on ferritin expression, and demonstrate a synergistic, time‐dependent regulation of expression for HCH and LCH.
Storm Tide Recurrence Intervals – A Statistical Approach Using Beach Ridge Plains in Northern Australia
Authors: NOTT JONATHAN 
Published: October 2012

AbstractThe marine inundation generated by Tropical Cyclone Yasi, north Queensland, February 2011, flooded at least 130 beachfront homes and many commercial businesses, becoming the most substantial marine inundation impact in Australia's modern history. As a consequence, guidelines for building in storm tide impact areas have been developed and discussions are beginning on whether Australia needs a national standard for buildings impacted by these events. Central to this will be determining which areas of coastal land need to be subjected to the standard, and this will likely be based upon the magnitude of a particular return interval event. The veracity of the current method for determining these return intervals is difficult to determine as there has been no objective way to assess the accuracy of this approach. One such method is developed here – applying extreme value theory statistics to millennial scale sedimentary records of tropical cyclone marine inundations. The approach is applied to a 5000‐year‐long beach ridge record of tropical cyclone inundations near Tully Heads and the results suggest that the inundation generated by Tropical Cyclone Yasi here had a return interval of approximately 1000 years. This is a substantially lower figure than the approximately 5000‐year return interval suggested by the currently accepted approach. Irrespective of which method is more accurate, the marine inundation generated by Yasi was a very rare event and one that may become more common under a future altered climate.
The use of respiratory‐correlated four‐dimensional CT where kidney motion has the potential to impact upon the radiotherapy planning process
Authors: Gawthrop Janet B , Gill Suki 
Published: October 2012

AbstractPurposeFour‐dimensional CT (4D‐CT) image data can be sorted into bins of each 10% of the respiratory cycle. From these data, an averaged scan (AS) and a maximum intensity projection (MIP) are derived. While sorting based on the respiratory cycle applies to lung tumours, the use of 4D‐CT for the kidney has not been analysed.MethodsBoth kidneys from five patients were contoured from every phase of the 4D‐CT, MIP and AS (in total 116 kidneys were contoured). For each patient, the kidney volumes on the AS and calculated mathematical average (CMA) from individual phases were compared. The kidney volumes on the MIP and Boolean expansion of all phases were compared. The maximum excursions of the superior and inferior poles of the kidneys were measured in the craniocaudal and anterior–posterior (AP) directions. Mid‐kidney excursion was measured in the AP and medial–lateral directions.ResultsMean difference between CMA and AS was −0.91 cm3 (range −8.04 to 5.07 cm3). Mean difference between Boolean and MIP was 18.92 cm3 (range −2.24 to 44.34 cm3). Mean maximum displacement of mid‐kidney was 0.28 cm anteriorly (range 0 to 1.0 cm), 0.22 cm posteriorly (range 0.1 to 0.4 cm), 0.28 cm medially (range 0.1 to 0.5 cm) and 0.27 cm laterally (range 0.1 to 0.5 cm). Mean maximum excursion of superior pole was 0.31 cm anteriorly (range 0.2 to 0.5 cm), 0.29 cm posteriorly (range 0.2 to 0.5 cm) and 1.23 cm craniocaudally (range of 0.6 to 2.7 cm). Mean maximum excursion of inferior pole was 0.52 cm anteriorly (range 0.2 to 0.9 cm), 0.23 cm posteriorly (range 0.1 to 0.4 cm) and 0.67 cm craniocaudally (range of 0.3 to 1.8 cm).ConclusionThe current study using 4D‐CT has shown that the derived MIP is a good surrogate for the evaluation of three‐dimensional kidney displacement, and that the volume of the AS is not largely different from the average volume for individual phases. The 4D‐CT is useful for the creation of individual patient internal target volume or planning organ at risk volume when kidney motion impacts on radiotherapy planning.
Suicide Attempt Risk in Youths: Utility of the Harkavy–Asnis Suicide Scale for Monitoring Risk Levels
Authors: Asarnow Joan , McArthur David , Hughes Jennifer , Barbery Veronica , Berk Michele 
Published: October 2012

The Harkavy–Asnis Suicide Scale (HASS), one of the few self‐report scales assessing suicidal behavior was evaluated and ideation, was evaluated and predictors of suicide attempts (SAs) were identified with the goal of developing a model that clinicians can use for monitoring SA risk. Participants were 131 pediatric emergency department (ED) patients with suicidal behavior. The HASS and Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC‐IV) were administered approximately 2 months after ED presentation. When compared with DISC‐IV ratings, sensitivity of the HASS SA items was excellent (100%), and overall classification accuracy was 72%. SA planning was the strongest predictor of SAs.
Effectiveness of advanced practice nursing interventions in older people: protocol for a systematic review and qualitative study
Authors: Morilla‐Herrera Juan Carlos , Morales‐Asencio José Miguel , Martín‐Santos Francisco Javier , Garcia‐Mayor Silvia , Rodríguez‐Bouza Mónica , González‐Posadas Fernando 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAimsThis protocol outlines a review and qualitative study to determine the models and effectiveness of Advanced Practice Nursing developed for the health care of people over 65 years in different settings (hospital care, home care, outpatients' care, and nursing homes) and to identify the ingredients of the interventions developed by Advanced Practice Nursing in the field of geriatric care.BackgroundNumbers of nurses in advanced roles have increased internationally in conjunction with research to determine their effectiveness. Nevertheless, in older people, evidence of advanced practice roles remains scattered, and there is little synthesis of evidence, and therefore it is not easy to visualize the different practice models, their components, and their impact.DesignStudy protocol with two phases: a systematic review and a qualitative study.MethodsFirst phase: Depending on comparability of studies, meta‐analysis will be undertaken. If so, results will be summarized in relative and absolute measures or mean difference, depending on the type of outcome. Sensitivity and heterogeneity analyses will be performed. Second phase: a content analysis will be carried out of the interventions identified in the systematic review, and they will be contrasted with the contents of the Nursing Interventions Classification. Finally, this matching will be submitted to expert consensus using a Delphi technique. Approval from the Ethics Committee was obtained in July 2010 and funding was obtained in March 2011.ConclusionThe identification of components of Advanced Practice Nursing models and evidence of their effectiveness will contribute to designing more grounded nursing services for older people. Additionally, the categorization of Advanced Practice Nursing interventions through Nursing Interventions Classification would permit comparisons to be made between settings or between healthcare systems.
A comparative concept analysis of centring vs. opening meditation processes in health care
Authors: Birx Ellen 
Published: October 2012

AbstractAimTo report an analysis and comparison of the concepts centring and opening meditation processes in health care.BackgroundCentring and opening meditation processes are included in nursing theories and frequently recommended in health care for stress management. These meditation processes are integrated into emerging psychotherapy approaches and there is a rapidly expanding body of neuroscience research distinguishing brain activity associated with different types of meditation. Currently, there is a lack of theoretical and conceptual clarity needed to guide meditation research in health care.Data sourcesA search of healthcare literature between 2006–2011 was conducted using Alt HealthWatch, CINAHL, PsychNET and PubMed databases using the keywords ‘centring’ and ‘opening’ alone and in combination with the term ‘meditation.’ For the concept centring, 10 articles and 11 books and for the concept opening 13 articles and 10 books were included as data sources.MethodRodgers' evolutionary method of concept analysis was used.ResultsCentring and opening are similar in that they both involve awareness in the present moment; both use a gentle, effortless approach; and both have a calming effect. Key differences include centring's focus on the individual's inner experience compared with the non‐dual, spacious awareness of opening.ConclusionCentring and opening are overlapping, yet distinct meditation processes. The term meditation cannot be used in a generic way in health care. The differences between centring and opening have important implications for the further development of unitary‐transformative nursing theories.
Effect of whitening and desensitizing dentifrices on composite surfaces treated with surface sealants
Authors: dos Santos Paulo Henrique , Brogin Fabiana Ferres , Catelan Anderson , Suzuki Thaís Yumi Umeda , Guedes Ana Paula Albuquerque , Pavan Sabrina , Assunção Wirley Gonçalves , Briso André Luiz Fraga 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated the effect of different dentifrices on the microhardness and surface roughness of composite surfaces covered by surface sealants.MethodsSamples of Filtek P60 were made and divided into groups, in accordance with surface treatments: G1 – Fortify; G2 – Fortify Plus; G3 – control (none). For Knoop microhardness evaluation, the specimens were placed in a microdurometer, under a load of 50 g for 15 sec. The analyses of surface roughness were carried out individually in a profilometer. The specimens were submitted to toothbrushing using dentifrices: Colgate Maximum Protection Anti‐caries, Colgate Whitening or Sensodyne, diluted in distilled water (1:3) for 30 000 cycles.ResultsThe results showed that the control group (G3) presented the highest microhardness values. The control group presented, before toothbrushing, the lowest surface roughness values, and after toothbrushing there were no differences among the experimental groups.ConclusionThe maintenance of the lowest values of microhardness demonstrated the effectiveness of these sealant materials to support the abrasive wear.
A Preliminary Investigation of a Telephone Administration of the Quality of Marriage Index
Authors: Woods Sarah B. , Priest Jacob B. , Denton Wayne H. 
Published: October 2012

Follow‐up data collection presents many challenges for longitudinal research. Validating paper‐and‐pencil assessments for use via telephone may alleviate these issues. This study evaluates psychometric properties of the Quality of Marriage Index (QMI; Norton, 1983, Journal of Marriage and the Family, 45, 141) when administered by telephone and compares scores with the paper‐and‐pencil version. Participants included women with major depressive disorder and dyadic discord and their male spouses (n = 24 couples). Results suggest excellent scale reliability for the verbal QMI. However, a significant mean difference was found: participants scored on average 3 points higher on the telephone‐administered QMI than on the written QMI. Recommendations for future research and clinical implications are discussed.
Internal and External Threat in Relationship With Right‐Wing Attitudes
Authors: Onraet Emma , Van Hiel Alain , Dhont Kristof , Pattyn Sven 
Published: October 2012

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies on the relationship between threat and right‐wing attitudes have tended to focus on either internal threat, emanating from one's private life, or external threat, originating from society. However, these studies failed to examine whether these types of threats constitute two distinctive dimensions and which of these threats is most closely related to right‐wing attitudes.MethodIn order to explore the dimensions underlying threat, a factor analysis on a variety of threat scales was conducted (Study 1;N = 300). Furthermore, in a meta‐analysis (Study 2; totalN = 22,086) and a questionnaire study in a large representative sample (Study 3,N = 800) the strength of the relationships of internal and external threat with right‐wing attitudes were investigated.ResultsThe present studies revealed that internal and external threat can be considered as two distinct dimensions underlying threat. Moreover, whereas external threat yielded strong relationships with right‐wing attitudes, internal threat only explained a minor part of the variance in these attitudes.ConclusionsExternal rather than internal threat underlies the relationship between threat and right‐wing attitudes.
Personalized Psychotherapy: A Treatment Approach Based on Theodore Millon's Integrated Model of Clinical Science
Authors: Strack Stephen , Millon Theodore 
Published: October 2012

AbstractIn this article we present personalized psychotherapy, a treatment approach for people with a wide range of personality problems and clinical syndromes that is a central part of Theodore Millon's unified clinical science model of personality and psychopathology. Because the intervention strategy is fully integrated with an evolutionary perspective on human development, we offer it in this context. We begin with a historical overview of Millon's model and its relationship to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). We then present his basic theoretical principles and personality taxonomy, and discuss variations in personality functioning across the normal–abnormal continuum. We move on to describe assessment measures that were developed to operationalize his concepts and ideas, and which are used as the basis for creating treatment plans. The premises and principles of personalized psychotherapy are described to show how the intervention model is squarely focused on the integrated unity of the person. We look at presenting problems of all kinds from the point of view of how they emanate from, and are related to, the individual's unique combination of temperament, traits, preferences, behavioral patterns, and coping strategies. We then specify multimodal interventions (e.g., a combination of pharmacologic, cognitive, behavioral, phenomenological, interpersonal, and/or intrapsychic treatments) and apply them in a particular sequence to maximize their impact, not only on the target symptoms, but on the underlying personality elements believed to be their primary cause.
Cure for immune‐tolerant hepatitis B in children: is it an achievable target with sequential combo therapy with lamivudine and interferon?
Authors: Poddar U. , Yachha S. K. , Agarwal J. , Krishnani N. 
Published: October 2012

SummaryWe prospectively studied the HBsAg seroconversion with sequential combination therapy of lamivudine (LAM) and interferon (IFN) in hitherto untreatable ‘immune‐tolerant’ chronic hepatitis B in children. In this case–control study, 28 children with immune‐tolerant hepatitis B [HBsAg positive for >6 months with near normal aminotransferase level, minimal/no inflammation in liver histology and high viral load (HBV DNA>107 copies/mL)] were treated with LAM alone at 3 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks followed by LAM plus IFN alpha (5 MU/m2 three times a week) for another 44 weeks. They were compared with 34 untreated children. HBV markers (HBsAg, HBeAg, anti‐HBe, quantitative HBV DNA) were carried out at baseline, at the end of therapy and 6 monthly thereafter. The mean age was 5.9 ± 3.2 years and 24 were boys. End therapy response: HBe seroconversion was achieved in 11, and of these, five had complete response (HBsAg clearance), 11 did not respond and six had virologic response (DNA undetectable but no HBe seroconversion). Six months after therapy, 10 of the 11 (91%) originally seroconverted children remained seroconverted while one seroreverted. Six of the 28 (21.4%) children lost HBsAg and they remained HBsAg negative and anti‐HBs positive on follow‐up. After a mean follow‐up of 21.1 ± 11.9 months, the status remained same in the responders but one of the nonresponders HBe seroconverted (39.3%). There were no serious side effects of therapy. It is possible to achieve a cure in more than one‐fifth of immune‐tolerant children with hepatitis B with the sequential combination of LAM and IFN.
Pulmonary pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in swine. Part I: Lung homogenate in healthy pigs and pigs challenged intratracheally with lipopolysaccharide ofEscherichia coli
Authors: Villarino N. , Lesman S. , Fielder A. , García‐Tapia D. , Cox S. , Lucas M. , Robinson J. , Brown S. A. , Martín‐Jiménez T. 
Published: October 2012

The objective of the study was to assess the pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in lung tissue homogenate (LT) and plasma from healthy and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐challenged pigs. Clinically healthy pigs were allocated to two dosing groups of 36 animals each (group 1 and 2). All animals were treated with tulathromycin (2.5 mg/kg). Animals in group 2 were also challenged intratracheally withLPSfromEscherichia coli(LPS‐Ec) 3 h prior to tulathromycin administration. Blood andLTsamples were collected from all animals during 17‐day post‐tulathromycin administration. ForLT, one sample from the middle (ML) and caudal lobes (CL) was taken. The concentration of tulathromycin was significantly lower in theMLafter the intratracheal administration ofLPS‐E. coli(P < 0.02). In healthy pigs andLPS‐challenged animals, the distribution of the drug into the lungs was rapid and persisted at high levels for 17‐day postadministration. The distribution of the drug within the lung seems to be homogenous, at least between the middle and caudal lobes within dosing groups. The concentration versus time profile of the drug and pharmacokinetic parameters in two different lung areas (middle and caudal lobe) were consistent within the groups. The clinical significance of these findings is unknown.
Oncogenic potential of Cyclin Kinase Subunit‐2 in cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Shen Dong‐Yan , Zhan Yi‐Hong , Wang Qian‐Ming , Rui Gang , Zhang Zhi‐Ming 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundCyclin kinase subunit‐2 (Cks2), a member of the human Cks family, plays an important role in the regulation of meiosis and mitosis; and its abnormal expression is usually associated with carcinogenesis. However, its exact functions and molecular mechanisms remain unclear.AimsTo observe Cks2 expression in cholangiocarcinoma and explore its role in the carcinogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma and possible mechanism.MethodsCks2 expression in cholangiocarcinoma was detected with immunostaining and RT‐PCR. MTT, colony formation, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and Western blotting were performed to explore the role of Cks2 in cholangiocarcinoma and possible mechanism.ResultsCks2 was significantly elevated in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and its over‐expression was associated with poor differentiation, CA19‐9 and poor prognosis. Furthermore, Cks2 down‐regulation inhibited cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro, and the growth of cholangiocarcinoma xenografts in animals; especially, enhanced the sensitivity of cholangiocarcinoma cells to chemotherapy. We further found that Cks2 knockdown induced cholangiocarcinoma cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase through down‐regulation of Cyclin A and Cyclin B1 and Bax up‐regulation and activation, mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and caspase‐3 activation, which resulted in facilitating cholangiocarcinoma apoptosis.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that Cks2 may serve as an independent prognostic factor in patients with cholangiocarcinoma, and play an important role in the carcinogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma by facilitating cell cycle progression and Bax‐mediated mitochondrial caspase‐dependent apoptosis.
Antibodies to soluble liver antigen in patients with various liver diseases: A multicentre study
Authors: Efe Cumali , Ozaslan Ersan , Wahlin Staffan , Purnak Tugrul , Muratori Luigi , Quarneti Chiara , Yüksel Osman , Muratori Paolo 
Published: October 2012

AbstractBackgroundAntibodies to soluble liver antigen (anti‐SLA) are specific serological markers of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The clinical significance and frequency of anti‐SLA have never been reported among AIH patients from Italy and Turkey.To retrospectively assess the estimated prevalence, sensitivity, specificity and clinical significance of anti‐SLA in AIH and various liver diseases.MethodsA total of 986 patients who had been tested for serum anti‐SLA were included in study. The presence of anti‐SLA was detected using recombinant enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and immuno‐blot. The general characteristics and outcome of patients were obtained from their medical records.ResultsAntibodies to SLA were found in 30 (3%) of 986 patients. Of these, 27 (90%) had AIH and its variants, whereas the remaining three (10%) had primary biliary cirrhosis. The prevalence of anti‐SLA was 9% in AIH patients from Italy and 15% in patients from Turkey. The specificity of these antibodies was 99.5%, whereas sensitivity was 11%. The positive predictive and negative predictive values were 90% and 77.5% respectively (95% confidence interval). Biochemical remission was achieved in 90% of anti‐SLA positive AIH patients, but relapse after immunosuppressive withdrawal or during maintenance therapy was observed in 53% of the patients.ConclusionsSeropositivity for anti‐SLA occurs at similar frequencies in AIH patients from different geographical regions and ethnic groups. The sensitivity of anti‐SLA is low, but it has high specificity for AIH. Additional studies are necessary to prove clinical significance of anti‐SLA in AIH.