bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroSEQ®Listeria spp. Detection Kit
Authors: Petrauskene Olga , Cao Yan , Zoder Patrick , Wong Lily Y , Balachandran Priya , Furtado Manohar , Tebbs Robert S 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The Applied Biosystems Performance Tested MethodSM for detecting Listeria species in food and environmental samples was compared to the Health Canada reference method (MFHPB-30) for the analysis of five ready-to-eat (RTE) meats (deli turkey, hot dogs, liver paté, deli ham, and raw fermented sausage) and a stainless steel surface. The MicroSEQ method includes the MicroSEQ®Listeria spp. Detection Kit and the option of two different sample preparation kits, either the automated high-throughput PrepSEQ™ Nucleic Acid Extraction Kit or the manual low- to mid-throughput PrepSEQ™ Rapid Spin Sample Preparation Kit. For each sample matrix, 20 replicates were analyzed at two inoculum levels: for RTE meats a low-level inoculum at 0.2–2 CFU/25 g and a high-level inoculum at 2–5 CFU/25 g; and for environmental surfaces, a low-level inoculum at 0.2–2 CFU/5 cm2 sampling area and a high-level inoculum at 2–5 CFU/5 cm2 sampling area. Five control replicates were also analyzed at 0 CFU/25 g (uninoculated) for food or 0 CFU/5 cm2 sampling area for environmental surface. Both sample preparation methods returned identical results. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of positive samples detected by the MicroSEQ Listeria species method and the MFHPB-30 reference method for three RTE meats and for the one stainless steel environmental surface tested. For deli turkey, there was a statistically significant difference in the number of positive results detected by the MicroSEQ method and the Health Canada MFHPB-30 reference method for the low inoculation level, with the MicroSEQ method detecting more positives. For hot dogs, statistical equivalence was not applicable since hot dogs were spiked with 10x Listeria innocua as competitive background, and the MicroSEQ method detects all known Listeria. Because the MicroSEQ method uses real-time PCR to detect pathogens, it provides faster time-to-results with equivalent detection compared to culture methods. The MicroSEQ method detects Listeria species within 2 to 3 h following 24 to 28 h enrichment compared to culture methods that take at least 5 days for presumptive positive results.
MicroSEQ®Listeria monocytogenes Detection Kit
Authors: Tebbs Robert S , Cao Yan , Balachandran Priya , Wong Lily Y , Petrauskene Olga 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
The Applied Biosystems Performance Tested MethodSM for detecting Listeria monocytogenes in food and environmental samples was compared to the Health Canada reference method (MFHPB-30) for the analysis of five ready-to-eat (RTE) meats (deli turkey, hot dogs, liver paté, deli ham, and raw fermented sausage) and a stainless steel environmental surface. The MicroSEQ® method includes the MicroSEQListeria monocytogenes Detection Kit and the option of two different sample preparation kits, either the automated high-throughput PrepSEQ™ Nucleic Acid Extraction Kit or the manual low- to mid-throughput PrepSEQ Rapid Spin Sample Preparation Kit. For each sample matrix, 20 replicates were analyzed at two inoculum levels: for RTE meats, a low-level inoculum at 0.2–2 CFU/25 g and a high-level inoculum at 2–5 CFU/25 g; and for environmental surfaces, a low-level inoculum at 0.2–2 CFU/5 cm2 sampling area and a high-level inoculum at 2–5 CFU/5 cm2 sampling area. Five control replicates were also analyzed at 0 CFU/25 g (uninoculated) for food or 0 CFU/5 cm2 sampling area for environmental surface. Both sample preparation methods returned identical results. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of positive samples detected by the MicroSEQ Listeria monocytogenes method and the MFHPB-30 reference method for four of the five RTE meats and the one stainless steel surface tested. For deli turkey, there was a statistically significant difference in the number of positive results detected by the MicroSEQ method and the Health Canada MFHPB-30 reference method for the low inoculation level, with the MicroSEQ method detecting more positives. Because the MicroSEQ method uses real-time PCR to detect pathogens, it provides faster time-to-results compared to culture methods while at the same time demonstrating equivalent detection. The MicroSEQ method detects L. monocytogenes within 2 to 3 h following 24 to 28 h enrichment compared to culture methods that take at least 5 days for presumptive positive results.
CPGs with Continuous Adjustment of Phase Difference for Locomotion Control
Authors: Wu Xingming , Teng Long , Chen Weihai , Ren Guanjiao , Jin Yan , Li gwei 
Published: June 2013

The central pattern generator (CPG) has been found to be a real, existing neuron controller for the locomotion control of animals and it has been used on bio-inspired robots widely in recent years. However, research on the adaptability of CPG-based locomotion control methods is still a challenge. In particular, the performance of the CPG method on quadruped robots is not good enough in some situations compared with the traditional force control methods. In this article, we adopt a CPG method in which phase difference between oscillators can be arbitrarily adjusted, and we try to improve the CPG's applications in quadruped robots in some aspects. One aspect is static walk gait locomotion, in which we try to add a transition state in the CPG network to enhance the static balance of the robot. Another aspect is gait transition. Compared with the traditional abrupt gait transition, we try to realize a continuous gait transition between walk gait and trot gait to decrease the fluctuations of the robot. The improved CPG method is tested on a quadruped model and it shows positive results with regard to the improvement of static walk gait and gait transitions.
Allele‐specific expression of the serotonin transporter and its transcription factors following lamotrigine treatment in vitro
Authors: D'Souza Ursula M. , Powell‐Smith Georgia , Haddley Kate , Powell Timothy R. , Bubb Vivien J. , Price Tom , McGuffin Peter , Quinn John P. , Farmer Anne E. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractLamotrigine, a mood stabilizer used clinically in the treatment of bipolar disorder, is thought to exert actions on the serotonin system. However lamotrigine's exact mechanism of action remains unclear. The current study investigated whether lamotrigine might exert its effects through altering the expression of the serotonin transporter (5‐HTT) gene and its regulatory transcription factors Y box binding protein 1 (YB‐1) and CCCTC‐binding factor (CTCF). We further considered whether functional variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphisms in the promoter region of 5‐HTT, (5‐HTTLPR) and within intron 2 (Stin2) of the gene, moderated any putative gene expression changes. The study employed an in vitro design carried out in human lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) to investigate the effects of lamotrigine treatment at 0.04, 0.2, and 0.4 mM doses for 24 hr on the mRNA expression of 5‐HTT, YB‐1, and CTCF. LCLs were selected based on combinations of haplotypes of the two VNTRs in the serotonin transporter gene; creating low‐expressing and high‐expressing LCL groups. Ubiquitin C (UBC) and topoisomerase I (TOP1) genes were found to be the most stably expressed housekeeping genes in drug‐treated LCLs. Subsequently, quantitative PCR revealed that higher doses of lamotrigine significantly lowered 5‐HTT expression and increased CTCF expression. Haplotype‐specific differences in CTCF expression were found in response to lamotrigine, with strongest expression changes observed in the high‐expressing LCLs. These data provide an allele‐specific in vitro model for examining the molecular targets of lamotrigine, and support the important role of the serotonin transporter gene in its clinical mechanism of action. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The behavioral context of visual displays in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)
Authors: de Boer Raïssa A. , Overduin‐de Vries Anne M. , Louwerse Annet L. , Sterck Elisabeth H.M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractCommunication is important in social species, and may occur with the use of visual, olfactory or auditory signals. However, visual communication may be hampered in species that are arboreal have elaborate facial coloring and live in small groups. The common marmoset fits these criteria and may have limited visual communication. Nonetheless, some (contradictive) propositions concerning visual displays in the common marmoset have been made, yet quantitative data are lacking. The aim of this study was to assign a behavioral context to different visual displays using pre–post‐event‐analyses. Focal observations were conducted on 16 captive adult and sub‐adult marmosets in three different family groups. Based on behavioral elements with an unambiguous meaning, four different behavioral contexts were distinguished: aggression, fear, affiliation, and play behavior. Visual displays concerned behavior that included facial expressions, body postures, and pilo‐erection of the fur. Visual displays related to aggression, fear, and play/affiliation were consistent with the literature. We propose that the visual display “pilo‐erection tip of tail” is related to fear. Individuals receiving these fear signals showed a higher rate of affiliative behavior. This study indicates that several visual displays may provide cues or signals of particular social contexts. Since the three displays of fear elicited an affiliative response, they may communicate a request of anxiety reduction or signal an external referent. Concluding, common marmosets, despite being arboreal and living in small groups, use several visual displays to communicate with conspecifics and their facial coloration may not hamper, but actually promote the visibility of visual displays. Am. J. Primatol. 75:1084–1095, 2013. © 2013 The Authors. American Journal of Primatology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Manual laterality and strategy use for a coordinated bimanual task requiring precise and power grip in guenons and mangabeys
Authors: Maille Audrey , Rossard Arnaud , Blois‐Heulin Catherine 
Published: June 2013

AbstractBimanual tasks have been repeatedly shown to elicit manual asymmetries supposed to reflect hemispheric specialization. And yet, a coordinated bimanual task, the BOX task, appears to be inefficient in detecting biases of hand preferences. The BOX task involves two sequential actions requiring a precise grip, lift the lid of a box and grasp a small item inside the box (while holding the lid). In the present study, we compared manual laterality exhibited for the classic bimanual BOX task and for a unimanual BOX task in 11 De Brazza's monkeys (Cercopithecus neglectus) and 19 red‐capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus). In addition, we assessed strategy use for solving the bimanual BOX task. We found that left‐hand use for grasping the item was higher in the BOX‐bimanual task than in the BOX‐unimanual task. We propose that this increase in left‐hand use for grasping the item results from both a hemispheric specialization for lifting the lid and an advantage in using a skillful strategy. Indeed, we revealed (1) group‐level right biases for lifting the lid and (2) a complete differentiation between the roles of the two hands in subjects showing a left‐hand preference for grasping the item. Finally, the bimanual BOX task showed age differences in the two species, either in manual laterality for grasping the item or in strategy use. This study provides additional evidence that manual laterality might be sensitive to maturational factors and characteristics of the bimanual tasks such as the order and the features of sequential actions. Am. J. Primatol. 75:1096–1107, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Numerical investigation of pressurization performance in cryogenic tank of new‐style launch vehicle
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Yanzhong , Zhao Zhixiang , Zheng Jiang 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTThe pressurization performance of cryogenic tanks during discharge is investigated by a computational fluid dynamic approach. A series of cases accounting for the effects of various influence factors such as inlet gas temperature, ramp time of inlet gas temperature, wall thickness, outflow rate, injector structure, and liquid supercooling on pressurization behaviors are computed and analyzed successively. Several valuable conclusions have been drawn as follows: (1) Increasing inlet gas temperature, applying a thin wall to construct the tank, and increasing the outflow rate are beneficial to the reduction of gas requirements, (2) Ramp process and use of a straight pipe injector may lead to an excessive pressure drop at the beginning of discharge, (3) Use of straight pipe injector can remarkably reduce the gas requirement but lead to a large loss of liquid propellant as well as a large weight of final ullage gas, and (4) The mode of mass transfer within the tank is close related to the injector structure and liquid supercooling. A trend of mass transfer toward evaporation can be observed by increasing the liquid temperature, especially for the straight pipe injector case. Generally, the results of this paper might be beneficial to the design and optimization of a pressurization system. © 2013 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correlation of chemical composition and microstructure with properties of poly(ɛ‐caprolactone‐co‐p‐dioxanone) random copolymers
Authors: Wang Tianqiang , Zhao Huizhen , Liu Yu , Hao Jianyuan 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTWith the aim to develop novel biodegradable materials with good flexibility and fast degradation rate, random copolymers of ɛ‐caprolactone (CL) and p‐dioxanone (PDO) with a full range of compositions were synthesized in bulk using stannous octoate as the ring‐opening catalyst. The chemical composition and number average sequence lengths of CL and PDO units determined by 1H‐NMR were used to correlate with various properties of the copolymers. Although both CL and PDO are crystalline components, only one crystalline phase could be present for each copolymer. The low limit of average block length for the copolymers that could crystallize is 3.22 for LCL and 3.43 for LPDO, respectively. The crystallinity and crystalline morphology of the copolymers are dependent on the crystalline component as well as its number average sequence length. Irrespective of composition, all the copolymers have good solubility in chloroform with glass transition temperature much below room temperature, implying good flexibility of the materials. The incorporation of PDO component could significantly increase the water wettability of the copolymer surfaces and thereby accelerate the degradation rate of the materials. In conclusion, flexible biodegradable polymers with adjustable degradation and crystalline properties were acquired by random copolymerization of CL and PDO, which are expected to use in tissue engineering and drug delivery fields. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2978–2986, 2013
Fluorene‐based copolymers with donor–acceptor units on the side chain and main chain: Synthesis and application in polymer solar cells
Authors: Hou Qiong , Liu Jungen , Jia Tao , Luo Suilian , Shi Guang 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTTwo narrow band gap fluorene‐based copolymers with donor–acceptor (D–A) structure on the polymer side chain and/or main chain are synthesized by Pd‐catalyzed Stille coupling reactions. The two copolymers have excellent thermal stability. The effects of D–A structure on the main and side chains on the absorption and electrochemical properties are studied. The copolymer PF‐BTh‐DBT with D–A structure both on the main and side chains has broader and stronger absorption and narrower band gap than the copolymer PF‐BTh with only a pendent D–A structure. The power conversion efficiency of the assembled solar cell using PF‐BTh‐DBT as donor and PC71BM as acceptor is 1.6% with open‐circuit voltage (Voc) 0.84 V under simulated AM 1.5 G solar irradiation (100 mW/cm2). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3276–3281, 2013
Multi‐Component Coordination‐Driven Self‐Assembly: Construction of Alkyl‐Based Structures and Molecular Modelling
Authors: Pollock J. Bryant , Cook Timothy R. , Schneider Gregory L. , Stang Peter J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe design of supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) is typically predicated on the use of rigid molecular building blocks through which the structural outcome is determined based on the number and orientation of labile coordination sites on metal acceptors, and the angularity of the ligand donors that are to bridge these nodes. Three‐component systems extend the complexity of self‐assembly by utilizing two different Lewis base donors in concert with a metal that favors a heteroligated coordination environment. The thermodynamic preference for heteroligation provides a new design principle to the formation of SCCs, wherein multicomponent architectures need not employ only rigid donors. Herein, we exploit the self‐selection processes of bis(phosphine) PtII metal centers which favor mixed Pt(pyridyl)(carboxylate) coordination spheres over their homoligated counterparts, specifically using alkyl‐based dicarboxylate ligands instead of traditionally rigid phenyl, alkenyl, or ethynyl variants. Using this mode of assembly, flexible‐based 2D and 3D SCCs containing long alkyl chains were synthesized and characterized. Density functional theory (DFT) and natural population analysis (NPA) calculations were performed on model systems to probe the thermodynamic preference for heteroligated coordination spheres in the experimental systems.
Optimal platform strategies in the smartphone market
Authors: Unno Masaru , Xu Hua 
Published: June 2013

SummaryIn a smartphone market, smartphone makers encourage smartphone application providers (APs) to create more popular smartphone applications by making a revenue‐sharing contract with APs and providing application‐purchasing support to end users. In this paper, we study revenue‐sharing and application‐purchasing support problem between a risk‐averse smartphone maker and a smartphone application provider. The problem is formulated as the smartphone makers’ risk‐sensitive stochastic control problem. The sufficient conditions for the existence of the optimal revenue‐sharing strategy, the optimal application‐purchasing support strategy, and the incentive compatible effort recommended to APs are obtained. The effects of the smartphone makers’ risk‐sensitivity on the optimal strategies are also discussed. A numerical example is solved to show the computation aspects of the problem. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 96(7): 1–10, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11462
Incurable recurrences in patients with oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas
Authors: Wiegand Susanne , Zimmermann Annette P. , Müller Hans‐Helge , Werner Jochen A. , Sesterhenn Andreas M. 
Published: June 2013

BackgroundCarcinomas of the oropharyngeal and hypopharynx are difficult to treat because of their aggressive tendency to metastasize and their high recurrence rate.MethodsA retrospective review of 79 patients with recurrences of oropharyngeal or hypopharyngeal carcinomas was performed. The courses of disease from recurrence diagnosis to the valuation date or death were analyzed.ResultsThe median survival for patients classified as incurable at recurrence diagnosis amounted to 8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5–10 months), patients initially classified as curable at the time of recurrence diagnosis survived an estimated 12 months (95% CI, 8–22 months). No significant differences regarding the survival after diagnosed recurrence could be observed depending on the tumor location or tumor stage.ConclusionThe knowledge about the courses of disease and especially the remaining lifetime after diagnosed incurability could facilitate the planning of the remaining lifetime in order to achieve the best possible quality of life. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 231–234, 2014
Cellulase production and saccharification of rice straw by the mutant strain Hypocrea koningii RSC1
Authors: Palaniyandi Sasikumar Arunachalam , Yang Seung Hwan , Suh Joo‐Won 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe production of cellulase using solid‐state fermentation of rice straw by the mutant strain Hypocrea koningii RSC1 was studied. Optimization of culture conditions, such as the nitrogen source, pH, and temperature, resulted in a maximum filter paper cellulase activity of 44.15 U g−1 substrate, a carboxymethylcellulase activity of 324.6 U g−1 substrate, and a β‐glucosidase activity of 7.45 U g−1 substrate. Saccharification of untreated, 1% H2SO4‐treated, and 2.5% NaOH‐treated rice straw using the RSC1 cellulase resulted in 19, 17, and 34 g L−1 of reducing sugar, respectively. Further studies on the morphological and compositional changes of rice straw upon treatment with the cellulase by scanning electron microscopy analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the disruption of the arrangement of fibers and changes in the functional groups that occur in cellulose. X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed a reduction in crystallinity of the rice straw upon treatment with the cellulase. Our study shows that H. koningii RSC1 could be a good choice for the production of cellulase and reducing sugars from rice straw.
Anticancer activity of essential oils: a review
Authors: Bhalla Yashika , Gupta Vinay Kumar , Jaitak Vikas 
Published: June 2013

AbstractNatural essential oil constituents play an important role in cancer prevention and treatment. Essential oil constituents from aromatic herbs and dietary plants include monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes and phenolics among others. Various mechanisms such antioxidant, antimutagenic and antiproliferative, enhancement of immune function and surveillance, enzyme induction and enhancing detoxification, modulation of multidrug resistance and synergistic mechanism of volatile constituents are responsible for their chemopreventive properties. This review covers the most recent literature to summarize structural categories and molecular anticancer mechanisms of constituents from aromatic herbs and dietary plants. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry