bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Shortens Hospital Stay for Major Burn Patients: Case Series
Authors: Donoso-Samper Andrea , Camacho-Obando David , Garzón Santiago , Gómez-Ortega Viviana 
Published: August 2024

Summary:
The length of hospital stay (LOS) serves as a key metric for forecasting resource allocation and assessing quality of care in burn treatment. Negative pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwell time (NPWTi-d) has emerged as a groundbreaking option in the management of burns, linked to quicker wound healing and more effective infection resolution. However, its impact on LOS remains uncertain. This article introduces a series of burn injuries managed with NPWTi-d, using the Solventum V.A.C. Veraflo Cleanse Choice Dressing. Severely burned patients with deep burns were selected for treatment with NPWTi-d using Solventum V.A.C. Veraflo Cleanse Choice Dressing and were treated after skin grafts with Solventum V.A.C. Granufoam Dressing. We calculated the predictive LOS, with the formulas developed by Taylor et al and compared them with the actual LOS. NPWTi-d was administered to three patients. The age of the patients ranged from 16 to 42 years, with an average of 28.6 years (SD, 10.84) and an average total burn area of 48.16% (SD, 1.4%). We observed an average reduction in hospital stay of 23.2% (SD, 19.83%) All burn injuries either healed completely or demonstrated adequate skin graft survival and recovery in follow-ups. All the patients exhibited a decrease in the LOS, despite experiencing systemic complications arising from distributive shock.
Cervical Cancer Prevention in Individuals With Criminal Legal System Involvement
Authors: Ramaswamy Megha , Hall Bianca , Cejtin Helen , Sufrin Carolyn , Moore Shawana , Nattell Noah , Jodry Dominique , Flowers Lisa 
Published: August 2024

Objectives
Women with a history of criminal legal system involvement have cervical cancer rates that are 4–5 times higher than the general population—a disparity that has persisted for nearly 50 years. Our objective is to describe the intersection of mass incarceration in the United States and risk factors for cervical cancer to offer equitable prevention and treatment strategies for the field.

Results
A group was convened by American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology members and experts in the field to address a topic of importance relevant to cervical cancer elimination in underserved groups. This topic has received consistent attention from the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology. After convening multiple times to discuss salient issues on the topic, the group proposed 12 specific recommendations related to vaccination, screening, treatment, practice, research, and policy to address the burden of cervical cancer among individuals with criminal legal system involvement.

Discussion
At least 10% of the incarcerated population is at risk for cervical cancer. Clinicians in all areas of practice will encounter patients with incarceration histories or current incarceration, regularly throughout their careers.

Conclusions
Clinicians who provide preventive care for people at risk of cervical cancer can play a critical role in eliminating disparities for this vulnerable population, by drawing on these expert recommendations.
Combined Endoscopic Ultrasonography and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Patients With Malignant Distal Biliary Obstruction Is Associated With Reduced Time to Oncological Therapy Compared With ERCP and Sampling Alone
Authors: Gauci James , On Wei , Paranandi Bharat , Huggett Matthew Thomas , Everett Simon 
Published: August 2024

Objectives
Standard endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) sampling techniques for pancreaticobiliary malignancy have modest yields that could lead to delays in treatment. We evaluated whether combining EUS-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) with ERCP improved time to first outpatient evaluation and treatment.

Materials and Methods
All patients without a prior pathological diagnosis who underwent index ERCP at Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom, for malignant distal biliary obstruction from 2015 to 2020 were considered.

Results
A total of 292 patients were included, of whom 74.7% (n = 202) underwent EUS-TA/ERCP. A combined approach was more likely to establish a positive diagnosis (96.5% [n = 195] vs 57.8% [n = 52], P < 0.01) and less likely to require further sampling procedures (2.0% [n = 4] vs 17.8% [n = 16], P < 0.01). Mean times to first outpatient evaluation (16.9 vs 24.5 days [P = 0.01]) and oncological treatment (55.1 vs 79.3 days [P = 0.03]) were significantly shorter. A third (n = 86) of patients with a positive diagnosis did not receive oncological/surgical treatment.

Conclusions
A combined approach was associated with improved yield and reduced time to evaluation/treatment, with similar success and adverse event rates. Careful multidisciplinary discussion is recommended to avoid performing unnecessary EUS procedures.
A new, adaptive, self-administered, and generalizable method used to measure visual acuity
Authors: Skerswetat Jan , He Jingyi , Shah Jay Bijesh , Aycardi Nicolas , Freeman Michelle , Bex Peter John 
Published: August 2024

SIGNIFICANCE
Angular Indication Measurement (AIM) is an adaptive, self-administered, and generalizable orientation-judgment method designed to interrogate visual functions. We introduce AIM Visual Acuity (VA) and show its features and outcome measures. Angular Indication Measurement VA's ability to detect defocus was comparable with that of an Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letter chart and showed greater sensitivity to astigmatic blur.

PURPOSE
This proof-of-concept study introduces Angular Indication Measurement and applies it to VA.

METHODS
First, we compared the ability of AIM-VA and ETDRS to detect defocus and astigmatic blur in 22 normally sighted adults. Spherical and cylindrical lenses in the dominant eye induced blur. Second, we compared repeatability over two tests of AIM-VA and ETDRS.

RESULTS
A repeated-measure analysis of variance showed a main effect for defocus blur and test. For the astigmatism experiment, an interaction between blur and orientation was found. Pairwise comparisons showed that AIM was more sensitive to astigmatic-induced VA loss than ETDRS. Bland-Altman plots showed small bias and no systematic learning effect for either test type and improved repeatability with more than two adaptive steps for AIM-VA.

CONCLUSIONS
Angular Indication Measurement VA's ability to detect defocus was comparable with that of an ETDRS letter chart and showed greater sensitivity to induced astigmatic blur, and AIM-VA's repeatability is comparable with ETDRS when using two or more adaptive steps. Angular Indication Measurement's self-administered orientation judgment approach is generalizable to interrogate other visual functions, e.g., contrast, color, motion, and stereovision.
Underrepresented Populations on Public Health Data Dashboards: Design Considerations for Improving Usability and Usefulness
Authors: Ansari Bahareh , Barati Mehdi , Yuan Xiaojun 
Published: August 2024

Context
Representation of racial and ethnic minority groups and sexual and gender minority groups is limited on public health data dashboards. The small size of these populations leads to data being aggregated or suppressed to produce stable estimations and preserve individuals’ information privacy. This might, however, limit the usefulness of the represented data for identifying individuals’ risk factors and allocating services.

Objective
To explore public health practitioners’ concerns about underrepresented populations on public health data dashboards that emerged during a usability evaluation study.

Participants
20 public health practitioners from New York State, US.

Setting
Virtual Zoom meetings were conducted to monitor the participants’ use of a public health dashboard and ask about their experience using it. The collected data, in the form of researchers’ notes and audio transcripts, were analyzed using the thematic analysis approach.

Results
Participants were very concerned about the underrepresentation of sexual and gender minority groups and racial and ethnic minority groups on public health data dashboards. Four themes emerged regarding the consequences of the underrepresentation: (1) misinterpretation of risk for underrepresented groups, (2) exacerbating the mistrust between underrepresented populations and the government, (3) a potential disservice to underserved populations if the data is used as the basis for allocating resources, and (4) and unknown impact for the individuals whose demographic information is unknown.

Conclusions
We propose considerations for displaying underrepresented populations on public health data dashboards to improve the utility of the represented data.
The effects of experimental pain on episodic memory and its top-down modulation: a preregistered pooled analysis
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Bingel Ulrike , Kincses Balint , Forkmann Katarina , Schmidt Katharina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Pain can automatically interfere with ongoing cognitive processes such as attention and memory. The extent of pain's negative effects on cognitive functioning seems to depend on a balance between top-down and bottom-up factors.

Objectives:
In this large, preregistered, pooled reanalysis of 8 studies, we investigated the robustness of the detrimental effect of acute pain on recognition memory and whether top-down mechanisms such as pain-related expectations or cognitions (pain-related fear, pain catastrophizing) modulate this effect.

Methods:
Two hundred forty-seven healthy participants underwent similar experimental paradigms, including a visual categorization task with images randomly paired with (or without) concomitant painful stimulation and a subsequent unannounced recognition task. Recognition memory (ie, d’, recollection, and familiarity) and categorization performance (ie, reaction time, accuracy) served as proxies for the effect of pain on cognitive performance.

Results:
Acute painful stimulation significantly impaired recognition performance (d’, familiarity). However, recognition performance was not significantly modulated by participants' expectations regarding the effect of pain on task performance or pain-related cognitions in this sample of healthy participants.

Conclusion:
Our results corroborate the negative effects of pain on (visual) memory encoding reported in previous studies and reports of “memory problems” from patients with chronic pain. To characterize the role of bottom-up and top-down factors for the detrimental effects of pain, large-scale studies with more nuanced study designs are necessary. Future studies in patient cohorts must unravel the interaction of maladaptive pain-related cognitions and the often-reported impaired cognitive performance in chronic pain patients.
Medical comorbidities and lower myelin content are associated with poor cognition in young adults with perinatally acquired HIV
Authors: Patel Payal B. , Prince David K. , Bolenzius Jacob , Ch’en Peter , Chiarella Jennifer , Kolind Shannon , Vavasour Irene , Pedersen Taylor , Levendovszky Swati Rane , Spudich Serena , Marra Christina , Paul Robert 
Published: August 2024

Objective:Approximately 40% of adults living with HIV experience cognitive deficits. Little is known about the risk factors for cognitive impairment and its association with myelin content in young adults living with perinatally acquired HIV (YApHIV), which is assessed in our cross-sectional study.Design:A prospective, observational cohort study.Methods:All participants underwent an 11-test cognitive battery and completed medical and social history surveys. Cognitive impairment was defined asZscores falling at least 1.5 SD below the mean in at least two domains. Twelve participants underwent myelin water imaging. Neuroimaging data were compared to age and sex-matched HIV-uninfected controls. Regression analyses were used to evaluate for risk factors of lower cognitive domain scores and association between myelin content and cognition in YApHIV.Results:We enrolled 21 virally suppressed YApHIV across two sites in the United States. Ten participants (48%) met criteria for cognitive impairment. Participants with any non-HIV related medical comorbidity scored lower across multiple cognitive domains compared to participants without comorbidities. Myelin content did not differ between YApHIV and controls after adjusting for years of education. Lower cognitive scores were associated with lower myelin content in the cingulum and corticospinal tract in YApHIV participants after correcting for multiple comparisons.Conclusion:Poor cognition in YApHIV may be exacerbated by non-HIV related comorbidities as noted in older adults with horizontally acquired HIV. The corticospinal tract and cingulum may be vulnerable to the legacy effect of untreated HIV in infancy. Myelin content may be a marker of cognitive reserve in YApHIV.
Harnessing artificial intelligence microscopy to improve diagnostics for soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis: a review of recent advances and future pathways
Authors: Ward Peter , Levecke Bruno , Ajjampur Sitara 
Published: August 2024

Purpose of reviewThis opinion piece aims to explore the transformative potential of integrating artificial intelligence with digital microscopy to enhance diagnostics for soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) and schistosomiasis (SCH), two pervasive neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). By aligning innovative artificial intelligence-driven solutions with WHO's strategic objectives and calls for better, more accessible, and more integrated diagnostics, we highlight the latest advancements that may support improved health outcomes in affected communities.Recent findingsThe review covers recent advancements in artificial intelligence-based diagnostic technologies, emphasizing automated egg detection and quantification. These technologies promise to mitigate challenges such as human error and the need for skilled technicians.SummaryThe findings have significant implications for public health, ethical considerations and regulatory pathways, particularly in resource-limited settings. The authors advocate for interdisciplinary collaboration and a strategic focus on meeting WHO target product profiles to ensure uptake, ultimately to support reaching WHO NTD targets.
New diagnostic strategies to distinguish Crohn's disease and gastrointestinal tuberculosis
Authors: Narang Himanshu , Kedia Saurabh , Ahuja Vineet 
Published: August 2024

Purpose of review
Despite advances in our radiological, histological and microbiological armamentarium, distinguishing between Crohn's disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB), especially in a TB endemic country, continues to be a challenging exercise in a significant number of patients. This review aims to summarize current available evidence on novel diagnostic techniques which have a potential to fill the gap in our knowledge of differentiating between ITB and CD.

Recent findings
Both ITB and CD are associated with altered host immune responses, and detection of these altered innate and adaptive immune cells has potential to distinguish ITB from CD. ITB and CD have different epigenetic, proteomic and metabolomic signatures, and recent research has focused on detecting these differences. In addition, the gut microbiome, which is involved in mucosal immunity and inflammatory responses, is considerably altered in both ITB and CD, and is another potential frontier, which can be tapped to discriminate between the two diseases. With technological advancements, we have newer radiological modalities including perfusion CT and dual-layer spectral detector CT enterography and evidence is emerging of their role in differentiating ITB from CD. Finally, time will tell whether the advent of artificial intelligence, with rapidly accumulating data in this field, will be the gamechanger in solving this puzzle of diagnostic dilemma between ITB and Crohn's disease.

Summary
Recent advances need to be clinically validated before they can be used as novel diagnostic measures to differentiate Intestinal TB from CD.
A Systematic Preoperative Evaluation and Skin Excision Design for Incisional Blepharoplasty
Authors: Gao Fulei , Zhao Qiuyu , Zhang Liucheng , Mao Xiyuan , Sun Xiaoming , Zhang Yuguang 
Published: August 2024

Background:
The prevalence of skin redundancy and lack of creases in the Asian upper eyelids makes blepharoplasty popular. Although many incision designs have been developed to improve upper eyelid laxity, there is a lack of a universal method to match various upper eyelid conditions. We present a systematic preoperative evaluation and design approach that incorporates eye esthetics to determine the shape and amount of skin to be removed to create attractive eyes.

Methods:
A retrospective review of 352 patients who underwent incisional blepharoplasty from May 2020 to May 2022 was performed. The excised area was determined preoperatively according to the degree of upper eyelid skin laxity, and the best of the three precise designs is chosen.

Results:
All patients undergoing the procedure achieved a satisfactory eyelid appearance immediately after surgery. Patients were followed up for 3 to 12 months. All patients had significant improvement in upper eyelid skin laxity and a natural shape of the eyelid. No defects that required revision surgery to improve were present, and 91.7% of the patients were satisfied with the long-term outcome.

Conclusions:
This systematic approach to preoperative design is simple, effective, and feasible to avoid scar exposure while addressing the lateral hood and achieve an attractive blepharoplasty appearance.
Clinical Efficacy of Concentrated Growth Factors for the Management of Marginal Tissue Recession: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yerte Shivani B. , Kulloli Anita , Mehta Vini , Mathur Ankita , Cicciù Marco , Fiorillo Luca 
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
To systematically review existing scientific literature to determine, compare, and evaluate whether concentrated growth factors (CGF) or connective tissue grafts (CTG) is a better treatment alternative for patients with marginal tissue recession (MTR).

Methods:
Electronic databases like PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar were screened from the last 20 years reporting treatment of MTR using CGF or CTG and other techniques. Periodontal parameters like probing depth, clinical attachment level, recession depth, recession width, keratinized tissue width, root coverage, increase in gingival thickness and plaque index, and gingival index were compared. Standardized mean difference was used as a summary statistic measure with a random effect model and P value <0.05 as statistically significant.

Results:
Six studies fulfilled eligibility criteria and were included in qualitative synthesis, of which only 4 studies were suitable for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate through standardized mean difference signifies that CGF was superior to CTG in the reduction of probing depth, gingival index, and plaque index and gain in clinical attachment level while CTG was superior in reducing the recession depth and recession width. Both the procedures had an overall equal effect on keratinized tissue width and root coverage, but these differences were statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Publication bias through the funnel plot showed symmetric distribution without systematic heterogeneity.

Conclusion:
The present study suggests that treatment of MTR with CTG or CGF resulted in clinically favorable outcomes, but no statistically significant differences was observed between these 2 procedures regarding the outcome.
Unilateral Dacryoadenitis as the First Symptom of Systemic Lupus Erythematous
Authors: Yoon Heejin , Ahn Junghyo 
Published: August 2024

This case report focuses on a patient with systemic lupus erythematous whose first symptom was dacryoadenitis. A 42-year-old Asian woman presented with a 3-day history of left periorbital swelling and pain. Gross examination revealed left periorbital swelling with no definite tenderness. Initial computed tomography with contrast showed diffuse enhancement and enlargement of the left lacrimal gland with adjacent fluid collection, indicating periorbital soft tissue swelling. She was diagnosed with left dacryoadenitis and treated with intravenous methylprednisolone (60 mg/day) and oral prednisolone (10 mg/day). Over the next 6 months, she experienced numerous instances of recurrence, which was shortly responsive to oral and intravenous high-dose steroids. Immunosuppressive therapy was selected, and upon conducting laboratory tests, she was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematous. Since then, the patient has undergone treatment involving hydroxychloroquine (200 mg/day) and azathioprine (50 mg/day) with no recurrence.
Clinical Study of Photobiomodulation Effect at Postoperative Clefted Alveolar Ridge Bone Grafting
Authors: Guerrini Luísa Belluco , de Freitas Nicole Rosa , de Azevedo-Silva Lucas José , dos Santos Caroline Chapernate Vieira , Machado Maria Aparecida de Andrade Moreira , de Oliveira Thais Marchini , Almeida Ana Lúcia Pompéia Fraga de 
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to evaluate photobiomodulation (PBM) adjunct effect on pain, swelling, and face temperature in individuals with oral cleft submitted to alveolar ridge bone grafting (ABG). The sample consisted of 46 patients with either incomplete or complete unilateral cleft lip and palate aged from 9 to 18 years, both sexes, who underwent ABG with chin donor area. Subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) Control (C): ABG (n=17); (2) PBM: ABG with PBM (n=14); (3) Simulated photobiomodulation (SPBM): ABG with SPBM (n=15). Aluminum Gallium Arsenide (GaAlAs) infrared laser was used at 808±10 nm and power of 100 mW±20%. GaAlAs infrared laser was applied on 14 points in the subject’s face at 4J per point, at 2 times: Immediate postoperative period and 24 hours postoperative. The authors evaluated pain, swelling, and face temperature at 24 hours postoperative; at 7-day postoperative, the authors evaluated pain, medication use, and swelling decreasing perception. No statistically significant difference occurred between groups C, PBM, and SPBM. At 24 hours postoperative, pain values showed statistically significant difference (P=0.04) between group C and SPBM. PBM at the tested parameters did not reduce pain and swelling and did not significantly change face temperature of individuals submitted to ARBG.