bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient kinetic studies reveal isomerization steps along the kinetic pathway of Thermus thermophilus 3‐isopropylmalate dehydrogenase
Authors: Gráczer Éva , Lionne Corinne , Závodszky Péter , Chaloin Laurent , Vas Mária 
Published: February 2013

To identify the rate‐limiting step(s) of the 3‐isopropylmalate dehydrogenase‐catalysed reaction, time courses of NADH production were followed by stopped flow (SF) and quenched flow (QF). The steady state kcat and Km values did not vary between enzyme concentrations of 0.1 and 20 μm. A burst phase of NADH formation was shown by QF, indicating that the rate‐limiting step occurs after the redox step. The kinetics of protein conformational change(s) induced by the complex of 3‐isopropylmalate with Mg2+ were followed by using the fluorescence resonance energy transfer signal between protein tryptophan(s) and the bound NADH. A reaction scheme was proposed by incorporating the rate constant of a fast protein conformational change (possibly domain closure) derived from the separately recorded time‐dependent formation of the fluorescence resonance energy transfer signal. The rate‐limiting step seems to be another slower conformational change (domain opening) that allows product release.
Evaluation of push‐out bond strength of four luting agents and SEM observation of the dentine/fibreglass bond interface
Authors: Pereira J. R. , Valle A. L. , Ghizoni J. S. , Só M. V. R. , Ramos M. B. , Lorenzoni F. C. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimTo assess the dentine/fibreglass‐bonded interface by scanning electron microscopy and the push‐out bond strength of four luting cements.MethodologyForty root‐filled human canines, with similar root lengths, were restored with fibreglass posts and randomly divided into four groups according to the cements employed (CG Gold Label I, RelyX ARC, BisCem and RelyX U100). After standardized post‐space preparation, the root dentine was pre‐treated for dual‐polymerizing resin cements and untreated for the other cements. The mixed luting cement paste was inserted into root canals with a spiral filler and applied to the post‐surface that was seated into the root canal. After 7 days, the teeth were sectioned perpendicular to their long axis into 1‐mm‐thick sections and submitted to a push‐out test (1 mm min−1). Statistical analyses were carried out by two‐way anova and Tukey's tests (P < 0.05).ResultsThe bond strength was significantly affected by the type of cement (P < 0.001) and by the longitudinal region of the root canal (P < 0.031). All cements exhibited gaps at the dentine/cement interface.ConclusionsThe self‐adhesive materials and the glass ionomer cements had the highest push‐out bond strength values when compared with the dual‐curing resin cement.
Relational and institutional embeddedness of Web‐enabled entrepreneurial networks: case studies of netrepreneurs in China
Authors: Avgerou Chrisanthi , Li Boyi 
Published: February 2013

AbstractDrawing from a multidisciplinary literature, we form a theoretical perspective of the social embeddedness of economic activity as interpersonal ties that are formed in relation to the institutions of an economy. From this perspective, we then seek to explain the emergence of networks of micro‐entrepreneurs that conduct their business on the Taobao Web platform in China, and we derive theoretical propositions about the social embeddedness of Web platform‐based economic activity. Two case studies of such networks show how Web platform tools and services create conditions of possibility for developing online business by micro‐entrepreneurs and for overcoming cultural reluctance of economic exchange with strangers. Our research suggests that economic activity on Web platforms is embedded in a mix of virtual and community‐based relations that are shaped by and alter the behavioural norms of a local culture. It also points to the government and the corporate Web platform service provider as important organisational actors enabling the creation of entrepreneurial networks.
Feeling left out? The mediating role of perceived rejection on workgroup mistreatment and affective, behavioral, and organizational outcomes and the moderating role of organizational norms
Authors: Penhaligon Nikki L. , Louis Winnifred R. , Restubog Simon Lloyd David 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis two‐study paper examines the detrimental impact of workgroup mistreatment and the mediating role of perceived rejection. In Study 1, perceived rejection emerged as a mediator between workgroup mistreatment and depression, organization‐based self‐esteem, organizational deviance, and organizational citizenship behaviors. In Study 2, the role of organizational norms was examined. Employees who experienced supportive organizational norms reported lower levels of perceived rejection, depression and turnover intentions, and higher levels of organization‐based self‐esteem and job satisfaction. Employees in the supportive norms condition reported that they were more likely to seek reconciliation after experiencing mistreatment than those who experienced low support. Perceived rejection also emerged as a mediator. Results, practical implications, and future research directions are discussed.
Investigation of nonverbal discrimination against women in simulated initial job interviews
Authors: Hess Kathleen P. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis study investigated nonverbal sex discrimination in simulated initial job interviews with women applicants. It was hypothesized that experienced interviewers would exhibit more negative behaviors while interviewing a woman for a “masculine” job (an incongruent interview), but more positive behaviors while interviewing a woman for a “feminine” job (a congruent interview). It was further hypothesized that the behavior of inexperienced interviewers would remain the same across interviews. Mock initial job interviews were videotaped and nonverbal behaviors were coded. As hypothesized, experienced interviewers exhibited more negative and fewer positive behaviors in the incongruent interviews, whereas inexperienced interviewers did not. Unexpectedly, inexperienced interviewers exhibited more positive and fewer negative behaviors during incongruent interviews. Implications for training to reduce nonverbal discrimination are discussed.
Death in Our Life
Authors: Raz Joseph 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis paper examines a central aspect of the relations between duration and quality of life by considering the moral right to voluntary euthanasia, and some aspects of the moral case for a legal right to euthanasia. Would widespread acceptance of a right to voluntary euthanasia lead to widespread changes in attitudes to life and death? Many of its advocates deny that, seeing it as a narrow right enabling people to avoid ending their life in great pain or total dependence, or a vegetative state. I argue that the right cannot cogently be conceived as a narrow right, confined to very limited circumstances. It is based on the value of having the normative power to choose the time and manner of one's death. Its recognition will be accompanied by far reaching changes in culture and attitudes, and these changes will enrich people's life by enabling them to integrate their death as part of their lives.
Spatial extent, regional specificity and metacommunity structuring in lake macrophytes
Authors: Alahuhta Janne , Heino Jani 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimSpatial extent is inherently related to the potential roles of the main mechanisms structuring metacommunities. We examined the effects of varying spatial extent (ecological province, region and subregion) on the environmental and spatial components of variation in lake macrophyte communities. We also studied these effects separately for three macrophyte functional groups.LocationThe US state of Minnesota.MethodsWe examined average and heterogeneity differences in macrophyte community composition and environmental variation among the subregions of Minnesota using canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP) and homogeneity of multivariate dispersion (PERMDISP), respectively. We further used partial redundancy analysis (pRDA) to decompose variation in macrophyte community composition between environmental variables and spatial location at each spatial extent and geographical region. Spatial variables were derived using principal coordinates of neighbour matrices (PCNM) analysis.ResultsCAP and PERMDISP analyses showed that the subregions differed both in average community composition and in the heterogeneity of community composition for all macrophyte taxa, for emergent and submerged macrophytes, but not for non‐rooted macrophytes. We did not, however, find significant differences in overall environmental heterogeneity among the subregions. Variation partitioning using pRDAs showed that species sorting is more important than spatial processes for macrophytes, although these patterns were relatively weak. There was, however, much regional specificity, with the environmental and spatial fractions of community composition varying widely at different spatial extents, among different geographical regions and among functional groups. Contrary to our initial expectations, we did not find increasing spatial structuring and decreasing environmental control with increasing spatial extent.Main conclusionsOur findings indicate that, in macrophyte metacommunities, the relative contribution of spatial processes and environmental control varies rather unpredictably with spatial extent and geographical region. Our findings are thus of importance in advancing metacommunity ecology by showing that drawing wide‐ranging conclusions based on a single spatial extent or a single geographical region may be unwise.
Dentin Adhesion and MMPs: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Perdigão Jorge , Reis Alessandra , Loguercio Alessandro D. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis review examines the fundamental processes responsible for the aging mechanisms involved in the degradation of resin‐bonded interfaces, as well as some potential approaches to prevent and counteract this degradation. Current research in several research centers aims at increasing the resin–dentin bond durability. The hydrophilic and acidic characteristics of current dentin adhesives have made hybrid layers highly prone to water sorption. This, in turn, causes polymer degradation and results in decreased resin–dentin bond strength over time. These unstable polymers inside the hybrid layer may result in denuded collagen fibers, which become vulnerable to mechanical and hydrolytical fatigue, as well as degradation by host‐derived proteases with collagenolytic activity. These enzymes, such as matrix metalloproteinases and cysteine cathepsins, have a crucial role in the degradation of typeIcollagen, the organic component of the hybrid layer. This review will also describe several methods that have been recently advocated to silent the activity of these endogenous proteases.
The Wealth of the Body: Trade Relations, Objects, and Personhood in Northeastern Amazonia
Authors: Grotti Vanessa 
Published: February 2013

ResumoEsse artigo è uma analise das relações que os Tiriyó (Suriname) tem desenvolvido com o comercio, os objetos, e com as pessoas não‐ameríndias com as quais eles praticam trocas de objetos manufaturados. Apresento o comercio desde uma perspectiva ameríndia da socialidade, focalizando‐me sobre as relações entre pessoas. Nesse artigo, apresento uma analise do comercio no contexto de uma discussão mais amplia sobre noções de pessoa, de corpo e de materialidade indígenas, para argumentar que as relações interpersonais de troco são fabricadas durante décadas de experiências comunas entre sujeitos e que modificam em modo visível as pessoas envolvidas e o espaço no qual essas pessoas vivem. As relações de troco resultam em manifestações visíveis ao nível do corpo e da construção do espaço social Tiriyó; os objetos manufaturados permitem a construção de narrativas de êxitos pessoais passados e de viagens transformacionais para esferas distantes de alteridade.
The effects of cross‐examination on children's reports of neutral and transgressive events
Authors: Fogliati Rhiannon , Bussey Kay 
Published: February 2013

PurposeIn many jurisdictions child witnesses who testify in court about their own sexual abuse are cross‐examined by a defence attorney. Children find this process to be distressing, and despite recent child‐focussed modifications to other aspects of the legal process, cross‐examination has remained largely unaltered. This lack of modification is due, in part, to the assumption that cross‐examination promotes truthful testimony (Wigmore, 1974 Evidence in trials at common law). However, little empirical research has investigated the effects of cross‐examination questions on children's reports of neutral and transgressive events. To examine these effects a laboratory‐based study was conducted.MethodOne hundred and twenty kindergarten (M = 6 years) and grade 2 (M = 8 years) students participated individually in a staged event. Children witnessed an adult commit a transgression and were then interviewed twice about it. Children first underwent a direct‐examination interview followed by either a direct‐ or cross‐examination interview.ResultsChildren's reports of neutral events were significantly less accurate in Interview 2 cross‐examination, than they were in Interview 1 direct‐examination, whereas children interviewed twice with direct‐examination were equally accurate in Interviews 1 and 2. Furthermore, children whose second interview involved cross‐examination were less accurate in their reports of neutral events than were children whose second interview was a direct examination. Cross‐examination also affected some children's disclosures of a witnessed transgression. More of the older children provided truthful disclosures of the transgression in the initial direct examination compared with the Interview 2 cross‐examination.ConclusionsFindings suggest that cross‐examination as used in this study may not be the most effective procedure for eliciting truthful testimony for both neutral and transgressive events from children aged between 5 and 8 years.
The effectiveness of eye‐closure in repeated interviews
Authors: Vredeveldt Annelies , Baddeley Alan D. , Hitch Graham J. 
Published: February 2013

PurposeClosing the eyes during recall can help witnesses remember more about a witnessed event. This study examined the effectiveness of eye‐closure in a repeated recall paradigm with immediate free recall followed 1 week later by both free and cued recall. We examined whether eye‐closure was more or less effective during the second free‐recall attempt compared with the first, whether eye‐closure during the first recall attempt had an impact on subsequent free‐ and cued‐recall performance, and whether eye‐closure during the second free recall could facilitate the recall of new, previously unreported, information (reminiscence).MethodParticipants witnessed a videotaped event and participated in a first free‐recall attempt (with eyes open or closed) a few minutes later. After a week, they provided another free recall, followed by a cued‐recall interview (with eyes open or closed).ResultsEye‐closure during the first free‐recall attempt had no significant effect on performance during any of the recall attempts. However, eye‐closure during the second session increased the amount of correct visual information reported in that session by 36.7% in free recall and by 35.3% in cued recall, without harming testimonial accuracy. Crucially, eye‐closure also facilitated the recall of new, previously unreported visual information.ConclusionsThe findings extend previous research in showing that the eye‐closure instruction can still be effective when witnesses are interviewed repeatedly, and that it can facilitate the elicitation of new information. Thus, the eye‐closure instruction constitutes a simple and time‐efficient interview tool for police interviewers.
Gallstone disease in Swedish twins is associated with the Gilbert variant of UGT1A1
Authors: Marschall Hanns‐Ulrich , Krawczyk Marcin , Grünhage Frank , Katsika Despina , Einarsson Curt , Lammert Frank 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackground & AimsThe Gilbert syndrome‐associated functional TATA box variant UGT1A1*28 (A(TA)7TAA) was found to increase susceptibility to pigment gallstone formation in patients with haemolytic anaemia. Further studies in extensive cohorts demonstrated an increased risk of this variant for cholesterol gallstone disease (GD). We now investigated this polymorphism as a determinant of symptomatic GD in Swedish twins.MethodsThe Swedish Twin Registry was merged with the Hospital Discharge and Causes of Death Registries and searched for GD‐related diagnoses among monozygotic (MZ) twins living in the Stockholm area. In addition, we screened the TwinGene database for GD. In total, we found 44 MZ twin pairs with and eight MZ twins without GD to be evaluable. GD‐free twins from TwinGene (109 concordantly MZ and 126 independent DZ) served as controls. UGT1A1*28 genotyping was performed using TaqMan assays.ResultsOverall, 58 and 8 of 106 twins with GD were hetero‐ and homozygous UGT1A1 risk allele carriers respectively. The case–control association tests showed a significantly (P < 0.05) increased risk of developing GD (OR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.00–2.63) in heterozygotes carriers and in addition, a trend (P = 0.075) for an increased risk among carriers (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 0.97–2.44) of the risk allele.ConclusionThese data from Swedish twins confirm the Gilbert variant as risk factor for GD. Our observation is in line with nucleation in bilirubin supersaturated bile representing an initial step in cholelithogenesis.
Form, Narrative and Intertextuality in Wagner's Overture to Der fliegende Holländer
Authors: Moortele Steven Vande 
Published: February 2013

AbstractIn this essay I analyse the form of Wagner's overture to Der fliegende Holländer (1841) as part of a constellation that also includes the composer's published programme for the overture as well as the stage action and a few key musical events in the opera. To that end, I use analytical tools inspired by the ‘new Formenlehre’ (William Caplin's theory of formal functions and James Hepokoski and Warren Darcy's theory of sonata form) in conjunction with aspects of narrative and intertextuality. I argue that Wagner's innovative use of musical form in the overture functions as a background against which events in the opera are thrown into relief, so that both can be understood as two essentially different versions of the same narrative. In the overture, sophisticated manipulation of the conventions of musical form generates a symphonic narrative, while changes to the narrative in the opera are articulated by the reworking of aspects of that same musical form at crucial moments in the drama. Both the overture's form and the opera's dramaturgical design gain in significance through an intertextual dialogue that Wagner sets up between his opera and the model of Weber's Der Freischütz (1821).
Influence of therapist competence and quantity of cognitive behavioural therapy on suicidal behaviour and inpatient hospitalisation in a randomised controlled trial in borderline personality disorder: Further analyses of treatment effects in the BOSCOT study
Authors: Norrie John , Davidson Kate , Tata Philip , Gumley Andrew 
Published: February 2013

ObjectivesWe investigated the treatment effects reported from a high‐quality randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for 106 people with borderline personality disorder attending community‐based clinics in the UK National Health Service – the BOSCOT trial. Specifically, we examined whether the amount of therapy and therapist competence had an impact on our primary outcome, the number of suicidal acts, using instrumental variables regression modelling.DesignRandomized controlled trial. Participants from across three sites (London, Glasgow, and Ayrshire/Arran) were randomized equally to CBT for personality disorders (CBTpd) plus Treatment as Usual or to Treatment as Usual. Treatment as Usual varied between sites and individuals, but was consistent with routine treatment in the UK National Health Service at the time. CBTpd comprised an average 16 sessions (range 0–35) over 12 months.MethodWe used instrumental variable regression modelling to estimate the impact of quantity and quality of therapy received (recording activities and behaviours that took place after randomization) on number of suicidal acts and inpatient psychiatric hospitalization.ResultsA total of 101 participants provided full outcome data at 2 years post randomization. The previously reported intention‐to‐treat (ITT) results showed on average a reduction of 0.91 (95% confidence interval 0.15–1.67) suicidal acts over 2 years for those randomized to CBT. By incorporating the influence of quantity of therapy and therapist competence, we show that this estimate of the effect of CBTpd could be approximately two to three times greater for those receiving the right amount of therapy from a competent therapist.ConclusionsTrials should routinely control for and collect data on both quantity of therapy and therapist competence, which can be used, via instrumental variable regression modelling, to estimate treatment effects for optimal delivery of therapy. Such estimates complement rather than replace the ITT results, which are properly the principal analysis results from such trials.Practitioner points

Assessing the impact of the quantity and quality of therapy (competence of therapists) is complex.
More competent therapists, trained in CBTpd, may significantly reduce the number of suicidal act in patients with borderline personality disorder.
Preliminary evaluation of F1 generation derived from two common bean landraces (Phaseolus vulgaris) from Nicaragua
Authors: Jiménez Oswalt R. , Korpelainen Helena 
Published: February 2013

AbstractGermplasm improvement is a conceivable solution for increasing food production in developing countries. The objectives of the present study were to incorporate the genetic diversity of two Nicaraguan common bean landraces into a segregating population and to evaluate its potential as breeding material. Adapted landraces PV0006 and PV0023 were selected as parents for single crosses based on molecular and phenotypic characteristics. The results indicate that we succeeded in reshuffling most of the genetic diversity of both parents into a segregating population. The level of allele recombinations suggests that theoretically between 128 and 1024 different pure lines could be obtained. We found putative associations between alleles and yield‐determinant components. Computer simulations demonstrated that the pedigree method and the marker selection of the most segregating individuals in the F1 generation could improve the genetic gains for yield. These findings expose the potential of this segregating population and the feasibility of local landraces for bean improvement.