bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fragmentation study of noscapine derivatives under electrospray conditions
Authors: Nagy Lajos , Kuki Ákos , Szabó Katalin , Sipos Attila , Zsuga Miklós , Kéki Sándor 
Published: February 2014

RATIONALENoscapine is a biologically active molecule with anticancer activity among other things. Therefore, from an analytical point of view, knowledge of the mass spectrometric properties of noscapine and its derivatives is essential. The goal of the present study is to describe the collision‐induced dissociation behavior of noscapine and its seven derivatives ionized by protons and lithium and sodium ions.METHODSProtonated noscapines were produced using electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS). For the tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments nitrogen was used as the collision gas and the collision energies were varied in the range of 1–53 eV (in the laboratory frame).RESULTSThe ESI‐MS/MS measurements showed that the MS/MS spectra of the protonated noscapines were more informative than the lithiated and sodiated ones. Based on the MS/MS studies, the main fragmentation channels of the protonated noscapines were found to be the loss of water and the loss of a meconine moiety from the precursor ion; furthermore, methyl transfer was also observed in the MS/MS spectra.CONCLUSIONSThe MS/MS study of the protonated noscapines gives more structural information than that of lithiated and sodiated noscapines. However, the most important fragmentation channel, which leads to the formation of the most intensive product ion in the MS/MS spectra, is independent of the ionization agent. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cryptanalysis of a certificateless identification scheme
Authors: Chin Ji‐Jian , Behnia Rouzbeh , Heng Swee‐Huay , Phan Raphael C‐W. 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTIn 2013, Dehkordi and Alimoradi proposed a certificateless identification scheme using supersingular elliptic curves. This proposal came independent of the parallel work of Chin et al. in proposing the first known security models for certificateless identification with provable security. In this paper, we show that there are some design flaws in the Dehkordi–Alimoradi scheme, which lead one to conclude that their scheme is insecure. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TOA: a tag‐owner‐assisting RFID authentication protocol toward access control and ownership transfer
Authors: Xie Wei , Xie Lei , Zhang Chen , Wang Qiang , Wang Chao , Tang Chaojing 
Published: February 2014

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses radio frequency identification (RFID) authentication and ownership transfer in offline scenarios. Four typical related works are reviewed in detail. A series of shortcomings and vulnerabilities of them are pointed out. A new RFID authentication protocol based on a novel tag‐owner‐assisting architecture is proposed, making a tag's owner an essential participant of the RFID authentication process. The proposed protocol is distinguished from existing works in providing ownership transfer, access control, and mutual authentication without any centralized database neither on a backend server nor in a reader. The security of the proposed protocol is verified by using automated validation of Internet security protocols and applications tool. The proposed protocol is server‐less, simple, scalable, untraceable, and device‐independent. These features are simultaneously achieved in a single RFID authentication protocol for the first time. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychological and Work Stress Assessment of Patients following Angioplasty or Heart Surgery: Results of 1‐year Follow‐up Study
Authors: Fiabane Elena , Giorgi Ines , Candura Stefano M. , Argentero Piergiorgio 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore changes in subjective psychological health and perceived work stress among patients who returned to work (RTW) after a multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation (CR) following cardiac interventions.A total of 108 patients were evaluated at the beginning of their CR, at 6 and 12 months after discharge. Self‐report questionnaires were used to assess depression, anxiety, illness perception and work stress at each time stage.Results showed reports of depressive symptoms significantly decreased (p < 0.05) and subjective mental (p = 0.001) and physical health (p < 0.001) improved over time. Patients revealed a decrease in Type A behaviour pattern (p < 0.001) and in job satisfaction levels (p = 0.01), greater internal locus of control (p < 0.01) and increased use of the coping strategy ‘Involvement’ (p < 0.01).Major findings are that cardiac patients had an improvement in subjective psychological health and did not perceive increased work stress after their RTW. Patients' psychological health and work stress need to be assessed during the CR and should be also carefully monitored after the RTW in order to identify patients' psychological and work‐related barriers and facilitate a safe and successful work reintegration. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Trial of Li Zhuang: Chinese Lawyers’ Collective Action against Populism
Authors: Liu Sida , Liang Lily , Halliday Terence C. 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe Chinese judicial system has long been influenced by a populist legal ideology that prioritizes public accountability and political legitimacy over professional autonomy. In recent years, however, the Chinese legal profession has begun to mobilize collectively, albeit episodically, to challenge this populism. Drawing on legal documents, interviews, media reports, and online discussions, this paper provides a scholarly analysis of the Li Zhuang case in 2009−11, in which the fate of an individual criminal defence lawyer was linked with the main ideological conflict in China’s legal system and the highest-level political struggles in the Chinese state. It demonstrates that, although populism remains an intimidating force in China’s judicial practice, lawyers, scholars, and other legal professionals may be laying a foundation for collective solidarity to pursue professionalism through their mobilization against populism.
Diplomacy at the Edge: Split Interests in the Roe Embassy to the Mughal Court
Authors: Mishra Rupali 
Published: February 2014

AbstractAs the first official English ambassador to the Mughal court, Sir Thomas Roe found himself at the outer reaches of English knowledge, experience, and influence in the early seventeenth century. This article examines the difficult position Roe felt himself to occupy, triangulating between the different interests he represented—his own interests, those of the East India Company that employed him, and those of the Crown that accredited him. Roe's letters revealed his difficulties in conducting what he saw as the essential tasks of the ambassador, and his limited success in establishing his status and authority both at the Mughal court and over the Company factors in India. As someone at the forefront of English overseas activities in the early seventeenth century, Roe's experiences shed light on the lived experience of English expansion. His case demonstrates the difficulties of adapting the tools of Tudor-Stuart statecraft to England's widening global reach.
Colonial Humanitarian? Thomas Gore Browne and the Taranaki War, 1860–61
Authors: Storey Kenton Scott 
Published: February 2014

AbstractThe New Zealand Wars of the 1860s have traditionally been associated with the popularity of antagonistic racial discourses and the growing influence of scientific racism. Building upon recent research into the resonance of humanitarian racial discourses in this period, this article reconsiders the experience of Governor Thomas Gore Browne during the Taranaki War, 1860–61. The Taranaki War was a global news event that precipitated fierce debates within both New Zealand and Great Britain over the war's origins and the rights of indigenous Maori. This article reveals how both Browne and his wartime critics defined themselves as the true defenders of Maori rights. This general usage of humanitarian racial discourses was encouraged by perceptions of metropolitan surveillance, New Zealand's prominence within networks of imperial communication, and an onus to administrate Maori with justice.
Host reproductive status and reproductive performance of a parasite: offspring quality and trade-offs in a flea parasitic on a rodent
Authors: DLUGOSZ ELIZABETH M. , DOWNS CYNTHIA J. , KHOKHLOVA IRINA S. , DEGEN A. ALLAN , KRASNOV BORIS R. 
Published: February 2014

SUMMARYWe investigated offspring quality in fleas (Xenopsylla ramesis) feeding on non-reproducing, pregnant or lactating rodents (Meriones crassus) and asked whether (a) quality of flea offspring differs dependent on host reproductive status; (b) fleas trade off offspring quantity for quality; and (c) quality variables are inter-correlated. Emergence success was highest when parents exploited pregnant hosts, while development time was longest when parents exploited lactating hosts. Male offspring from fleas fed on non-reproductive and pregnant hosts were larger than those from lactating hosts whereas female offspring from fleas fed on pregnant hosts were larger than those from both lactating and non-reproductive hosts. Male offspring survived under starvation the longest when their parents exploited lactating hosts and the shortest when their parents exploited pregnant hosts. Female offspring of parents that exploited lactating hosts survived under starvation longer than those that exploited non-reproductive and pregnant hosts. Emergence success and development time decreased as mean number of eggs laid by mothers increased. Fleas that were larger and took longer to develop lived significantly longer under starvation. These results indicate the presence of a trade-off between offspring quantity and quality in fleas exploiting female Sundevall's jird in varying reproductive condition but this trade-off depended on the quality trait considered.
A symptom profile of depression among Asian Americans: is there evidence for differential item functioning of depressive symptoms?
Authors: Kalibatseva Z. , Leong F. T. L. , Ham E. H. 
Published: February 2014

BackgroundTheoretical and clinical publications suggest the existence of cultural differences in the expression and experience of depression. Measurement non-equivalence remains a potential methodological explanation for the lower prevalence of depression among Asian Americans compared to European Americans.MethodThis study compared DSM-IV depressive symptoms among Asian Americans and European Americans using secondary data analysis of the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES). The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used for the assessment of depressive symptoms. Of the entire sample, 310 Asian Americans and 1974 European Americans reported depressive symptoms and were included in the analyses. Measurement variance was examined with an item response theory differential item functioning (IRT DIF) analysis.Resultsχ2analyses indicated that, compared to Asian Americans, European American participants more frequently endorsed affective symptoms such as ‘feeling depressed’, ‘feeling discouraged’ and ‘cried more often’. The IRT analysis detected DIF for four out of the 15 depression symptom items. At equal levels of depression, Asian Americans endorsed feeling worthless and appetite changes more easily than European Americans, and European Americans endorsed feeling nervous and crying more often than Asian Americans.ConclusionsAsian Americans did not seem to over-report somatic symptoms; however, European Americans seemed to report more affective symptoms than Asian Americans. The results suggest that there was measurement variance in a few of the depression items.
Reduced Wu and generalized Simon invariants for spatial graphs
Authors: FLAPAN ERICA , FLETCHER WILL , NIKKUNI RYO 
Published: February 2014

AbstractWe introduce invariants of graphs embedded in S3 which are related to the Wu invariant and the Simon invariant. Then we use our invariants to prove that certain graphs are intrinsically chiral, and to obtain lower bounds for the minimal crossing number of particular embeddings of graphs in S3.
Delirium, agitation, and symptom distress within the final seven days of life among cancer patients receiving hospice care
Authors: de la Cruz Maxine , Noguera Antonio , San Miguel-Arregui Maria Teresa , Williams Janet , Chisholm Gary , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: February 2014

AbstractObjective:Knowledge of symptom prevalence and adequate assessment of such symptoms at the end of life is important in clinical practice. We determined the frequency and severity of symptom distress and delirium using the Edmonton Assessment Scale (ESAS) and the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS) and evaluated the clinical utility of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC) as scored by a caregiver as a screening tool for delirium.Method:We conducted a secondary analysis of the data from a previous randomized controlled trial on parenteral hydration at the end of life of patients admitted to home hospice. Only patients that had assessments within the last week of life were included. We collected the ESAS, MDAS, Nu-DESC, and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) results. The sensitivity and specificity of the Nu-DESC were then calculated.Results:Some 78 of 261 patients were included in our study, 62 (80%) of which had moderate-to-severe symptoms corresponding to an ESAS score >4. These symptoms include: 73 (94%) anorexia, 63 (81%) fatigue, 56 (73%) drowsiness, 58 (75%) decreased well-being, and 39 (51%) pain. Delirium was diagnosed in 34 (44%) of patients using the MDAS. The Nu-DESC was found to have a sensitivity of 35%, a specificity of 80%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 58%, and an negative predictive value (NPV) of 61% when used by caregivers.Significance of Results:Hospice patients at the end of life have a high rate of symptom distress and delirium. The Nu-DESC is not a reliable tool for screening delirium when scoring is conducted by a caregiver. Our study illustrates the need for routine use of assessment tools to improve care.
Crenarchaeal heterotrophy in salt marsh sediments
Authors: Seyler Lauren M , McGuinness Lora M , Kerkhof Lee J 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Mesophilic Crenarchaeota (also known as Thaumarchaeota) are ubiquitous and abundant in marine habitats. However, very little is known about their metabolic function in situ. In this study, salt marsh sediments from New Jersey were screened via stable isotope probing (SIP) for heterotrophy by amending with a single 13C-labeled compound (acetate, glycine or urea) or a complex 13C-biopolymer (lipids, proteins or growth medium (ISOGRO)). SIP incubations were done at two substrate concentrations (30–150 μm; 2–10 mg ml−1), and 13C-labeled DNA was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) analysis of 16S rRNA genes. To test for autotrophy, an amendment with 13C-bicarbonate was also performed. Our SIP analyses indicate salt marsh crenarchaea are heterotrophic, double within 2–3 days and often compete with heterotrophic bacteria for the same organic substrates. A clone library of 13C-amplicons was screened to find matches to the 13C-TRFLP peaks, with seven members of the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeal Group and seven members from the Marine Group 1.a Crenarchaeota being discerned. Some of these crenarchaea displayed a preference for particular carbon sources, whereas others incorporated nearly every 13C-substrate provided. The data suggest salt marshes may be an excellent model system for studying crenarchaeal metabolic capabilities and can provide information on the competition between crenarchaea and other microbial groups to improve our understanding of microbial ecology.
Solar thermal polymerase chain reaction for smartphone-assisted molecular diagnostics
Authors: Jiang Li , Mancuso Matthew , Lu Zhengda , Akar Gunkut , Cesarman Ethel , Erickson David 
Published: February 2014

AbstractNucleic acid-based diagnostic techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are used extensively in medical diagnostics due to their high sensitivity, specificity and quantification capability. In settings with limited infrastructure and unreliable electricity, however, access to such devices is often limited due to the highly specialized and energy-intensive nature of the thermal cycling process required for nucleic acid amplification. Here we integrate solar heating with microfluidics to eliminate thermal cycling power requirements as well as create a simple device infrastructure for PCR. Tests are completed in less than 30 min and power consumption is reduced to 80 mW, enabling a standard 5.5 Wh iPhone battery to provide 70 h of power to this system. Additionally, we demonstrate a complete sample-to-answer diagnostic strategy by analyzing human skin biopsies infected with Kaposi's Sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV-8) through the combination of solar thermal PCR, HotSHOT DNA extraction and smartphone-based fluorescence detection. We believe that exploiting the ubiquity of solar thermal energy as demonstrated here could facilitate broad availability of nucleic acid-based diagnostics in resource-limited areas.
Hydrothermal synthesis of uniform nanosized lithium‐rich cathode material Li0.94 [Li0.14Ni0.26Mn0.60]O2 for high power lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Li Xueliang , Chen Li , He Wenxiang , Peng Fangfang , Xiao Zhenghui 
Published: February 2014

A facile method of synthesising nanosized lithium‐rich layered material with uniform particle size by a one‐step hydrothermal approach has been developed. The effect of lithium ion concentration on hydrothermal products has been investigated. At low or high lithium ion concentration, products with poor layered characteristic were obtained. Under the optimum lithium ion concentration of 2.5 M, the obtained product has an Li0.94 [Li0.14Ni0.26Mn0.60]O2 stoichiometry with plate‐like morphology and a uniform particle size of ∼80 nm. The Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller surface area measurement indicates that it possesses a surface area of 35.60 m2 g−1. The electrochemical tests show that the as‐prepared nanomaterial Li0.94 [Li0.14Ni0.26Mn0.60]O2 can acquire a high performance with an initial discharge capacity of 278 mAh g−1 at 30 mA g−1 and a corresponding capacity retention of 95% after 40 cycles. Moreover, it can even deliver 185 mAh g−1 at 1500 mA g−1, exhibiting excellent rate capability which makes it suitable for high power lithium‐ion batteries.
Stalled transcription complexes promote DNA repair at a distance
Authors: Haines Nia M. , Kim Young-In T. , Smith Abigail J. , Savery Nigel J. 
Published: February 2014

Significance
DNA repair efficiency varies across the genome. This is due, in part, to repair pathways that are linked to transcription. When RNA polymerase stalls at a DNA lesion, repair proteins are recruited in a process called transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TCR). We have examined the substrate requirements for TCR using a system in which transcription stalling is disconnected from the search for the DNA lesion. We show that stalled or paused transcription complexes initiate a damage-detection process that promotes strand-specific repair of lesions over a considerable distance. Our findings help to explain the mechanism by which the repair of active genes is accelerated and suggest that some transcription pause sites may target repair activity to specific regions of the genome.
Automated analysis of giant unilamellar vesicles using circular Hough transformation
Authors: Hermann Eduard , Bleicken Stephanie , Subburaj Yamunadevi , García-Sáez Ana J. 
Published: February 2014

Abstract
Motivation: In order to obtain statistically relevant results, the study of membrane effects at the single-vesicle level requires the analysis of several hundreds of giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), which becomes a very time-consuming task if carried out manually. Complete and user-friendly software for fast and bias-free automated analysis has not been reported yet.
Results: We developed a framework for the automated detection, tracking and analysis of individual GUVs on digital microscopy images. Our tool is suited to quantify protein binding to membranes as well as several aspects of membrane permeabilization on single vesicles. We demonstrate the applicability of the approach by comparing alternative activation methods for Bax, a pore-forming protein involved in mitochondrial permeabilization during apoptosis.
Availability and Implementation: The complete software is implemented in MATLAB (The MathWorks, Inc., USA) and available as a standalone as well as the full source code at http://www.ifib.uni-tuebingen.de/research/garcia-saez/guv-software.html.
Contact: ana.garcia@uni-tuebingen.de
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Plutarch's Moralia
Authors: Van Hoof Lieve 
Published: February 2014

The non-biographical output of Plutarch of Chaeronea (b. c. 45–d. c. 120 ad) is traditionally grouped together under the label “Moralia” (alternative titles include “Moral Works,” “Morals,” “Ethika,” and “Ethica”). Although by no means all works within the group deal with ethics, an important subgroup, placed at the head of the collection since the late 13th century, does, and has given the collection its title. In modern editions, the Moralia comprise seventy-eight texts, thirteen of which, including the famous texts On the Education of Children and On Music, are generally taken to be spurious (see Lost Works, Fragments, and Spuria). As can be seen in the so-called Lamprias catalogue, a late antique list of Plutarchan works, Plutarch’s non-biographical output was originally much larger, and so was the preponderance of ethics within it. Among the extant Moralia, one finds essays, dialogues, and letters on topics as diverse as peace of mind, the face that can be seen on the moon, and the fortune or virtue of Alexander the Great. In line with ancient rhetorical theory, these texts can be divided according to the aim or aims they pursue: their primary aim is to move, to teach, or to entertain the reader. Although these different aims go hand in hand with distinctive argumentative strategies and authorial self-presentation, the boundaries between these groups are by no means strict. In modern scholarship, Plutarch’s Moralia have received much less attention than his biographical output. In the last few years, however, several monographs and edited volumes on important texts, subgroups, and themes of the Moralia, as well as on the Moralia as a text corpus have significantly enhanced our understanding and appreciation of this multifarious group of texts. While many studies on Plutarch’s Moralia are in English and widely available, a considerable number of publications on the topic have appeared in languages other than English and may be hard to find in British or American libraries, except in universities where Plutarch studies are high on the agenda.