bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of in situ melanoma of the nail apparatus with functional surgery: report of 11 cases and review of the literature
Authors: Neczyporenko F. , André J. , Torosian K. , Theunis A. , Richert B. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundNail apparatus melanoma (NAM) is a rare melanocytic neoplasm with pejorative prognosis often related to late diagnosis. Early diagnosis at in situ stage (NAMis) is difficult, but essential to improve prognosis. NAMis management is not well established yet. Removal of the whole nail unit has been advocated in several small series as a potential treatment for NAMis.ObjectiveTo report and assess ‘functional’ or ‘conservative’ surgery for NAMis and evaluate its long‐term oncologic safety.MethodsRetrospective study of cases diagnosed in the University Hospital Saint‐Pierre collected over a 13 year period and compared with the published data.ResultsEleven cases of NAMis were identified: 73% concerned females. Thumb and first toe were the most affected digits (63% of total). Monodactylic longitudinal melanonychia (LM) was the most frequent presentation (92%). Mean diagnosis delay was 5 years. Diagnosis was suspected on the basis of clinical and dermatoscopic signs and was confirmed by pathological examination. All patients underwent complete nail unit removal with 6 mm security margins around the anatomic boundaries of the nail. Two late local recurrences were observed at 7 and 11 years follow‐up.ConclusionsOur series, the largest up to now, demonstrates that ‘functional surgery’ is a rational approach for NAMis with an excellent oncologic safety at 5 years. However, this study suggests that a very long‐term follow‐up is mandatory, as recurrences may appear late.
Dermoscopic patterns of common facial inflammatory skin diseases
Authors: Lallas A. , Argenziano G. , Apalla Z. , Gourhant J.Y. , Zaballos P. , Di Lernia V. , Moscarella E. , Longo C. , Zalaudek I. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundSeveral common inflammatory dermatoses, such as rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis (SD), discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) and granulomatous skin diseases manifest as erythematous macules or plaques on the facial skin. Although clinical examination represents the cornerstone of diagnosis, the broad variety of clinical features and uncommon presentations of these diseases may cause at times diagnostic and therapeutic uncertainty. Dermoscopy, in addition to its well‐documented value in evaluation of skin tumours, is continuously gaining appreciation also in the field of general dermatology.ObjectiveTo describe and compare the dermoscopic patterns of common facial inflammatory skin diseases including SD, erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ER), sarcoidosis, lupus vulgaris (LV), DLE and granuloma faciale (GF).MethodsDermoscopic images of lesions from patients with histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of SD, ER, sarcoidosis, LV, DLE or GF were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of several criteria. Selection of the dermoscopic variables included in the evaluation process was based on the data available in the literature and on our preliminary observations.ResultsOne hundred and fifteen dermoscopic images were included in the study. SD was dermoscopically characterized by dotted vessels and yellow scales, whereas ER was typified by a characteristic pattern of vascular polygons. Sarcoidosis and LV very commonly exhibited orange‐yellowish areas and linear branching vessels. Features related to follicle abnormalities and linear branching vessels were the most common dermoscopic criteria of DLE and GF.ConclusionsThis study provides new insights into the dermoscopic variability in common facial inflammatory dermatoses.
Presence of Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809 det. Krabbe, 1878) and Hysterothylacium aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) (Nematoda; Anisakidae) in runts of farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L
Authors: Mo T A , Gahr A , Hansen H , Hoel E , Oaland Ø , Poppe T T 
Published: March 2013

AbstractOne hundred farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., were examined for the presence of nematodes by digestion of tissue in HCl–pepsin solution. All fish were sampled from one cage in a fish farm on the Norwegian south‐west coast. Fifty harvest quality salmon, that is, salmon for human consumption (mean 5.4 kg, variation 3.0–7.6 kg), were sampled at the processing line while 50 salmon runts (mean 1.1 kg, variation 0.4–1.8 kg), discarded due to poor performance, were sampled from the discard bin after the grading station. Runts are individual fish with clear signs of poor performance over time and abnormal appearance and are thus not processed for human consumption. No nematodes were found in the musculature or viscera of the 50 harvest quality salmon. In total, 75 nematodes were found in 10 (20%) of the runts; 53 nematodes in the viscera and 22 in the musculature. Nematodes in the musculature were identified as Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809 det. Krabbe, 1878), while nematodes in the viscera were identified as A. simplex and Hysterothylacium aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802).
Antigen peptide transporter 1 is involved in the development of fructose‐induced hepatic steatosis in mice
Authors: Arindkar Shailendra , Bhattacharjee Jashdeep , Kumar Jerald Mahesh , Das Barun , Upadhyay Pramod , Asif Shajahan , Juyal Ramesh C , Majumdar Subeer S , Perumal Nagarajan 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and AimThe purpose of this study is to assess whether the decrease in CD8 cells has any role in the development of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we therefore used antigen peptide transporter 1 (TAP1−/−) mice that cannot transport major histocompatibility complex class I antigens onto the cell surface resulting in failure of the generation of CD8 cells.MethodsWild‐type C57Bl/6J and TAP1−/− mice were fed with 30% fructose solution for 8 weeks. The percentage of CD4, CD8 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and liver were sorted by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting in both control and fructose‐treated mice. Bodyweight, histopathological changes, oil red O staining, glucose tolerance test, intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test, serum levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were also evaluated. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the expression of specific genes involved in development of fatty changes in the liver.ResultsChronic consumption of fructose in TAP1−/− mice did not develop NAFLD, insulin resistance, or change in level of CD8 cells. Moreover, there was delay in relative expression levels of genes involved in development of NAFLD in fructose‐treated TAP1−/− mice.ConclusionTaken together, the data suggest that TAP1−/−‐deficient mice displayed reduced levels of CD8 cells that have a vital role in the initiation and propagation of liver inflammation and is a casual role in the beginning of fructose‐induced liver damage as well as insulin resistance in mice.
Characteristics of belching, swallowing, and gastroesophageal reflux in belching patients based on Rome III criteria
Authors: Li Jianbo , Xiao Yinglian , Peng Sui , Lin Jinkun , Chen Minhu 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and AimsBelching is a common disorder with undetermined pathogenesis. With the combined multichannel intraluminal impedance pH monitoring, two different models of belching have been defined: gastric belching (GB) and supragastric belching (SB). The aim of this study was to assess whether SB was associated with air swallowing as compared with GB or healthy volunteers based on Rome III criteria.MethodsConsecutive patients who presented with troublesome repetitive belching were recruited. Both upper endoscopy and multichannel intraluminal impedance pH monitoring were performed. Patients were divided into two groups: SB and GB groups according to the percentage of the predominant belching types. Twenty volunteers were enrolled as healthy controls. The number of air swallowing, regular swallowing, and gastroesophageal reflux profile was compared among the three groups.ResultsThirty‐seven patients were included in the study: 25 in the SB group and 12 in GB group. SB patients presented more belching events than GB patients (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences among the SB, GB patients, and healthy volunteers concerning the episodes of air swallowing and regular swallowing (P > 0.05). No significant difference was found among the three groups in regard with the reflux parameters (P > 0.05). The number of gas‐containing reflux episodes were 33.0 (20.0, 48.0), 39.5 (29.5, 47.5), and 30.5 (27.0, 41.8) among SB, GB, and healthy volunteers (P = 0.383), respectively.ConclusionsSB patients presented with more belching events compared with GB patients. However, air swallowing and reflux profile were similar among the SB, GB patients, and normal controls.
Cancer risk in Japanese Crohn's disease patients: Investigation of the standardized incidence ratio
Authors: Yano Yutaka , Matsui Toshiyuki , Hirai Fumihito , Okado Yuki , Sato Yuho , Tsurumi Kozue , Ishikawa Satoshi , Beppu Tsuyoshi , Koga Akihiro , Yoshizawa Naoyuki , Higashi Daijiro , Futami Kitaro 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and AimThere have been very few reported investigations on the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of intestinal cancer and all cancers other than intestinal cancer with Crohn's disease (CD) by organ in Japan. This study examined the risk of developing cancer (i.e. SIR) that occurs in association with CD.MethodsThe subjects were 770 CD patients managed at our hospital department, which specializes in inflammatory bowel disease, during the approximately 25 years from July 1985 to August 2010. The number of expected cancer patients in a healthy population matched for sex and age with the CD patients in our hospital was then calculated. The relative risk, or SIR, was also calculated.ResultsThe total observation period was 10 552 person‐years, during which 19 cases (2.5%) of cancer were discovered in 770 subjects. The cancer cases included nine cases of colorectal cancer (CRC), one case of small bowel cancer, one case of stomach cancer, three cases of acute myeloid leukemia, two cases of endometrial cancer, one case of lung cancer, one case of skin cancer, and one case of thyroid cancer. The SIR for cancers in Japan in 2003 was 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52–1.35) for all cancers, 2.79 (95% CI 1.28–5.29) for CRC, and 6.94 (95% CI 1.43–20.3) for leukemia.ConclusionsAmong the cancers in CD patients in our hospital, no significant difference was seen in the risk for all cancers in comparison with the standard population. However, the risks for CRC and leukemia were significantly higher than in the standard population.
Hepatic and systemic hemodynamic derangements predict early mortality and recovery in patients with acute‐on‐chronic liver failure
Authors: Garg Hitendra , Kumar Ashish , Garg Vishal , Kumar Manoj , Kumar Ramesh , Sharma Barjesh Chander , Sarin Shiv Kumar 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and AimsAcute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a clinical entity where there is a potential for reversibility of hepatic dysfunction once the acute hepatic insult resolves. The portal and systemic hemodynamics in ACLF patients to study its relevance in determining the clinical outcomes was studied.MethodsClinical, laboratory, portal, and systemic hemodynamic assessments were done at admission and after 3 months. Standard medical care was given to all the patients.ResultsFifty‐seven patients with ACLF were enrolled, and they underwent baseline hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement. Twenty‐six (46%) patients died during the 3‐month follow‐up. Presence of high HVPG and hepatic encephalopathy were found to be independent baseline predictors of mortality. Of the 31 surviving patients, 24 consented for a repeat HVPG. The baseline HVPG reduced from 16 (range 12–30) to 13 (range 6–21) mmHg; (P < 0.05). The reduction in HVPG correlated with clinical and biochemical recovery, and reduction in Child–Turcotte–Pugh score score (P < 0.05), while the aortic mean arterial pressure, cardiac index and systemic vascular resistance index improved significantly (< 0.05). Six (25%) patients developed upper gastrointestinal bleed; the median HVPG between bleeders and non‐bleeders was not different possibly because of early onset of bleed (median 20 [15–45 days]).ConclusionsBaseline HVPG is an independent predictor of mortality in ACLF patients. The portal and systemic circulatory anomalies regress substantially by 90 days and correlate with clinical recovery. However, in the initial phase, the raised portal pressure predisposes these patients to high risk of variceal bleeding.
Proteomics and metabolomics in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Yau Yunki , Leong Rupert W , Zeng Ming , Wasinger Valerie C 
Published: March 2013

AbstractGenome‐wide studies in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have allowed us to understand Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis as forms of related autoinflammatory disorders that arise from a multitude of pathogenic origins. Proteomics and metabolomics are the offspring of genomics that possess unprecedented possibilities to characterize unknown pathogenic pathways. It has been about a decade since proteomics was first applied to IBD, and 5 years for metabolomics. These techniques have yielded novel and potentially important findings, but turning these results into beneficial patient outcomes remains challenging. This review recounts the history and context of clinical IBD developments before and after proteomics and metabolomics IBD in this field, discusses the challenges in consolidating high complexity data with physiological understanding, and provides an outlook on the emerging principles that will help interface the bioanalytical laboratory with IBD prognosis.
Association of N‐acetyltransferase 2 and cytochrome P450 2E1 gene polymorphisms with antituberculosis drug‐induced hepatotoxicity in Western India
Authors: Gupta Vinod H , Amarapurkar Deepak N , Singh Meenakshi , Sasi Preetha , Joshi Jyotsna M , Baijal Rajiv , Ramegowda Praveenkumar H , Amarapurkar Anjali D , Joshi Kalpana , Wangikar Pramod P 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and AimTuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in India. Despite the treatment availability and monitoring, drug‐induced hepatotoxicity (DIH) is a serious concern and can lead to discontinuation of treatment. Anti‐TB DIH is well known and can aggravate because of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions. Genetic polymorphism in the drug‐metabolizing enzyme genes is an important factor that predisposes certain fraction of the population to drug‐induced toxicity. The purpose of this study was to assess the association of N‐acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) gene polymorphism with anti‐TB DIH in Western Indian population.MethodsA prospective cohort study of 215 patients taking treatment against TB was performed. The NAT2 and CYP2E1 genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratio at 95% confidence interval and their respective P values.ResultsThe risk of anti‐TB DIH was significantly higher in slow acetylator (SA) than in intermediate and rapid acetylator of NAT2 genotypes (odds ratio: 2.3, P = 0.01). We also observed the homozygous point mutation at position 481, associated with higher risk of hepatotoxicity (P < 0.01). The major haplotype NAT2*4 seems to provide protection in DIH compared with non‐DIH TB patients (P = 0.04). However, we did not find a significant association between CYP2E1 genotypes and anti‐TB DIH.ConclusionIncreased susceptibility to isoniazid (INH)‐induced hepatotoxicity due to presence of NAT2 SA polymorphism was demonstrated in Western Indian population. NAT2 genotyping can therefore serve as an important tool for identifying patients predisposed to anti‐TB DIH.
Hemodynamic effects of continuous versus bolus infusion of terlipressin for portal hypertension: A randomized comparison
Authors: Ding Chao , Wu Xingjiang , Fan Xinxin , He Changsheng , Li Jieshou 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and AimThe hemodynamics of patients with portal hypertension within 4 h after a single injection of terlipressin has been studied. However, the hemodynamics in a longer phase under different infusion styles is unknown. This study aims to compare the effects of bolus and continuous infusion of terlipressin on systemic and hepatic hemodynamics in patients with portal hypertension.MethodsTwenty patients who underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure were randomly assigned to be treated with either intravenous bolus infusion of terlipressin (1 mg) followed by a continuous infusion (4 mg/24 h, n = 10), or intravenous bolus injection of terlipressin (2 mg) followed by intermittent injections (1 mg/6 h, n = 10). The mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and portal venous pressure (PVP) were monitored and recorded at baseline, 1 min, 5 min, 10 min, 30 min, and then once an hour. Serum renin activity, serum angiotensin II, and aldosterone levels were measured prior to and 24 h after the administration of terlipressin.ResultsPVP dropped rapidly in both groups, and reduced 16.46% and 28.22%, respectively, at the 1‐h time point. Thereafter, PVP remained stable in continuous group while rebounded obviously in intermittent group. One hour after the start of drug administration, heart rate decreased significantly in both groups (84.1 ± 12.8 vs 73.8 ± 12.6 in intermittent group and 86.7 ± 11.5 vs 77.1 ± 13.6 in continuous group, P < 0.005), and mean arterial pressure increased in both groups, although no statistical differences were found.ConclusionContinuous infusion of terlipressin reduces PVP stably and may become an alternative to traditional bolus injection.
Limited role of allergy testing in patients with eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders
Authors: Ishimura Norihisa , Furuta Kenji , Sato Shuichi , Ishihara Shunji , Kinoshita Yoshikazu 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackground and AimAllergies have been implicated in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders, although it remains unknown what type of allergen is closely associated with their development. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible involvement of food and/or aeroallergen factors in eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders.MethodsEighteen patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), 23 with eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE), and 28 healthy volunteers were enrolled. The levels of total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and 33 different allergen‐specific IgE antibodies, including those for six foods used in a standard EoE elimination diet, were determined in each subject. Serum antigen‐specific IgE levels were measured using a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay with a multiple antigen simultaneous test 33 (MAST33). The expression patterns of specific antigens were compared among the groups.ResultsThe mean level of total IgE antibodies was significantly higher in patients with EGE (553.6 ± 115.3 IU/mL) than the healthy volunteers (230.6 ± 87.1 IU/mL). Two thirds of all subjects had sensitivity to at least one inhaled antigen. In positive cases, allergies against multiple antigens were more frequently seen in the EoE and EGE patients. Japanese cedar and dust mite aeroallergens were more prevalent than food antigens.ConclusionsConsistent with higher levels of serum total IgE antibodies, patients with EoE and EGE were frequently sensitized to several different allergens. Reactions to aeroallergens were more prevalent in these groups, although no particular antigen causing EoE and/or EGE was detected by measuring serum antigen‐specific IgE antibodies.
Cloning, Characterization and Functional Analysis of Two Type 1 diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGAT1s) from Tetraena mongolica
Authors: Li Minchun , Zhao Mingming , Wu Hanying , Wu Wang , Xu Yinong 
Published: March 2013

AbstractTwo cDNAs encoding putative type 1 acyl‐CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGAT1, EC 2.3.1.20), were cloned from Tetraena mongolica, an extreme xerophyte with high oil content in the stems. The 1 488‐bp and 1 485‐bp of the open reading frame (ORF) of the two cDNAs, designated as TmDGAT1a and TmDGAT1b, were both predicted to encode proteins of 495 and 494 amino acids, respectively. Southern blot analysis revealed that TmDGAT1a and TmDGAT1b both had low copy numbers in the T. mongolica genome. In addition to ubiquitous expression with different intensity in different tissues, including stems, leaves and roots, TmDGAT1a and TmDGAT1b, were found to be strongly induced by high salinity, drought and osmotic stress, resulting in a remarkable increase of triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in T. mongolica plantlets. TmDGAT1a and TmDGAT1b activities were confirmed in the yeast H1246 quadruple mutant (DGA1, LRO1, ARE1, ARE2) by restoring DGAT activity of the mutant host to produce TAG. Overexpression of TmDGAT1a and TmDGAT1b in soybean hairy roots as well as in T. mongolica calli both resulted in an increase in oil content (ranging from 37% to 108%), accompanied by altered fatty acid profiles.
The significance of aspects of screening for obstructive sleep apnoea in children with Down syndrome
Authors: Stores R. J. , Stores G. 
Published: March 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe sleep problems of children with intellectual disabilities remains a relatively neglected topic in spite of the consistent reports that such problems are common, often severe and persistent with potentially serious consequences for the children and their families. Children with Down syndrome (DS) are a case in point. They often suffer from obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), early detection of which is recommended because of its potentially adverse effects on development. This study is concerned with aspects of assessment that have been considered important in helping to recognise OSA in children with DS. The relationships between different objective measures, and between these measures and parental reports of their child's sleep and daytime behaviour, were explored.MethodOvernight recordings were carried out on a group of children with DS (n = 31) involving video and audio recording, oximetry and activity monitoring during sleep. Parents also completed questionnaires concerning their child's sleep and daytime behaviour.Results
Parents' reports of restless sleep and noisy breathing were supported by objective measures of activity during sleep and audio recording respectively.
No significant association was found between objective measures of restlessness during sleep and ‘snoring’ (see later for definition), nor were objective measures of restlessness related to reductions in overnight blood oxygen levels. However, the objective measure of snoring was significantly associated with reductions in overnight blood oxygen levels.
All three of the objective measures were significantly associated with parental reports of various types of disturbed daytime behaviour.
ConclusionsThe findings have implications for aspects of screening for OSA in children with DS and for the interpretation of the relevance of the results to the children's daytime behaviour.