bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on mechanical properties and curing properties of shear‐thickening gel toughened epoxy resin
Authors: Ma Jingtao , Wen Haolijie , Wang Kaixuan , Xiong Ziming , Yan Fengguo , Zhang Zhongwei , Yu Kejing 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe shear‐thickening gel (STG) is introduced as a toughening agent into the epoxy resin (EP) to improve the toughness and impact resistance of the EP without significantly increasing its viscosity. By utilizing the unique BO dynamic bonds present in STG, the EP/STG composite exhibits remarkable toughness at low strain rates due to the gradual disentanglement of molecular chains. Conversely, at high strain rates, the disentanglement of molecular chains is hindered, resulting in a pronounced impact hardening effect and overall superior impact resistance. Our findings reveal that when STG is added at a concentration of 15%, the EP/STG composite material attains its peak mechanical performance. Specifically, it demonstrates a tensile strength of 31.8 MPa and a modulus of elasticity of 550.6 MPa. Furthermore, compared to pure EP, the EP/STG composite experiences an increase in elongation at break and impact strength by 40% and 8.1%, respectively. Additionally, the introduction of hydroxyl and B atoms in STG promotes the ring‐opening reaction of epoxy groups during the curing process of the EP, thus accelerating the curing reaction rate. These insights provide a solid theoretical foundation for optimizing the performance of EPs in engineering applications.Highlights
The STG was actively utilized to enhance the toughness of EP.
The modified EP system exhibits significant improvements in toughness and impact resistance without a notable increase in viscosity.
The promotional effect of STG on the curing of EP systems was revealed through curing kinetics analysis and rheological analysis.
Differential effects of physiological agonists on the proteome of platelet‐derived extracellular vesicles
Authors: Gutmann Clemens , Mayr Manuel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractArterial thrombosis contributes to some of the most frequent causes of mortality globally, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Platelets are essential mediators of physiological haemostasis and pathological thrombosis. Platelet activation is controlled by a multitude of signalling pathways. Upon activation, platelets shed platelet‐derived extracellular vesicles (pEVs). In this Special Issue: Extracellular Vesicles, Moon et al. investigate the impact of various platelet agonists (thrombin, ADP, collagen) on the proteome of pEVs. The study demonstrates that pEVs exhibit an agonist‐dependent altered proteome compared to their parent cells, with significant variations in proteins related to coagulation, complement, and platelet activation. The study observes the rapid generation of pEVs following agonist stimulation with specific proteome alterations that underscore an active packaging process. This commentary highlights the implications of their findings and discusses the role of pEV cargo in cardiovascular disease with potential novel therapeutic and diagnostic opportunities.
On the PhyloQuant protein expression profiles approach to the taxonomic problem
Authors: Sánchez Reyes Ayixon , Ayala‐Ruan Cesar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInferring evolutionary relationships among organisms has been a fundamental problem in evolutionary biology. The current phylogenetic molecular methods serve as the baseline model to test new evolutionary hypotheses with taxonomic purposes. Leishmaniinae trypanosomatids subfamily includes protozoan parasites of clinical importance to humans. They have an intricate taxonomic history defined by morphological elements, host range, and molecular phylogenies. Unraveling the increasing diversity of this group has shown limitations in reconstructing the true evolutionary relationships among Trypanosomatidae species. Toward the goal of inferring evolutionary relationships that help to resolve phylogenetic and taxonomic controversies among parasites of the subfamily Leishmaniinae, Mule et al. propose the method PhyloQuant as a valuable approach, based on differential protein expression obtained from high throughput mass spectrometry data. Employing a pioneering methodological approach, Mule et al. assess the taxonomic problem for species hypothesis within Leishmaniinae, from quantitative phenetic protein expression profiles, in contrast to the standard multilocus phylogenetic approaches.
Structural adaptability and surface activity of peptides derived from tardigrade proteins
Authors: Giubertoni Giulia , Chagri Sarah , Argudo Pablo G. , Prädel Leon , Maltseva Daria , Greco Alessandro , Caporaletti Federico , Pavan Alberto , Ilie Ioana M. , Ren Yong , Ng David Y.W. , Bonn Mischa , Weil Tanja , Woutersen Sander 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTardigrades are unique micro‐organisms with a high tolerance to desiccation. The protection of their cells against desiccation involves tardigrade‐specific proteins, which include the so‐called cytoplasmic abundant heat soluble (CAHS) proteins. As a first step towards the design of peptides capable of mimicking the cytoprotective properties of CAHS proteins, we have synthesized several model peptides with sequences selected from conserved CAHS motifs and investigated to what extent they exhibit the desiccation‐induced structural changes of the full‐length proteins. Using circular dichroism spectroscopy, two‐dimensional infrared spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations, we have found that the CAHS model peptides are mostly disordered, but adopt a more ‐helical structure upon addition of 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol, which mimics desiccation. This structural behavior is similar to that of full‐length CAHS proteins, which also adopt more ordered conformations upon desiccation. We also have investigated the surface activity of the peptides at the air/water interface, which also mimics partial desiccation. Interestingly, sum‐frequency generation spectroscopy shows that all model peptides are surface active and adopt a helical structure at the air/water interface. Our results suggest that amino acids with high helix‐forming propensities might contribute to the propensity of these peptides to adopt a helical structure when fully or partially dehydrated. Thus, the selected sequences retain part of the CAHS structural behavior upon desiccation, and might be used as a basis for the design of new synthetic peptide‐based cryoprotective materials.
Dissecting the functional behavior of the differentially phosphorylated prolyl isomerase, Pin1
Authors: Kay Danielle F. , Ozleyen Adem , Heras Cristina Matas De Las , Doveston Richard G. , Leney Aneika C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractProtein post‐translational modifications (PTMs) play an intricate role in a diverse range of cellular processes creating a complex PTM code that governs cell homeostasis. Understanding the molecular build‐up and the critical factors regulating this PTM code is essential for targeted therapeutic design whereby PTM mis‐regulation is prevalent. Here, we focus on Pin1, a peptidyl‐prolyl cis‐trans isomerase whose regulatory function is altered by a diverse range of PTMs. Through employing advanced mass spectrometry techniques in combination with fluorescence polarization and enzyme activity assays, we elucidate the impact of combinatorial phosphorylation on Pin1 function. Moreover, two phosphorylation sites were identified whereby Ser71 phosphorylation preceded Ser16 phosphorylation, leading to the deactivation of Pin1's prolyl isomerase activity before affecting substrate binding. Together, these findings shed light on the regulatory mechanisms underlying Pin1 function and emphasize the importance of understanding PTM landscapes in health and disease.
A nondestructive membrane engineering method using an amphiphilic polymer
Authors: Kim Nam Hyuk , Shim Goeun , Park Ga Hyeon , Yu Yeon Gyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe cellular signaling process or ion transport is mediated by membrane proteins (MPs) located on the cell surface, and functional studies of MPs have mainly been conducted using cells endogenously or transiently expressing target proteins. Reconstitution of purified MPs in the surface of live cells would have advantages of short manipulation time and ability to target cells in which gene transfection is difficult. However, direct reconstitution of MPs in live cells has not been established. The traditional detergent‐mediated reconstitution method of MPs into a lipid bilayer cannot be applied to live cells because this disrupts and reforms the lipid bilayer structure, which is detrimental to cell viability. In this study, we demonstrated that GPCRs (prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 [EP4] and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor [GLP1R]) or serotonin receptor 3A (5HT3A), a ligand‐gated ion channel, stabilized with amphiphilic poly‐γ‐glutamate (APG), can be reconstituted into mammalian cell plasma membranes without affecting cell viability. Furthermore, 5HT3A reconstituted in mammalian cells showed ligand‐dependent Ca2+ ion transport activity. APG‐mediated reconstitution of GPCR in synthetic liposomes showed that electrostatic interaction between APG and membrane surface charge contributed to the reconstitution process. This APG‐mediated membrane engineering method could be applied to the functional modification of cell membranes with MPs in live cells.
Probing the structural stability of R‐phycocyanin under pressure
Authors: Minic Simeon , Velickovic Luka , Annighöfer Burkhard , Thureau Aurélien , Gligorijevic Nikola , Jovanovic Zorana , Brûlet Annie , Combet Sophie 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe red macroalgae Porphyra, commonly known as Nori, is widely used as food around the world due to its high nutrient content, including the significant abundance of colored phycobiliproteins (PBPs). Among these, R‐phycocyanin (R‐PC) stands out for its vibrant purple color and numerous bioactive properties, making it a valuable protein for the food industry. However, R‐PC's limited thermal stability necessitates alternative processing methods to preserve its color and bioactive properties. Our study aimed to investigate the in‐situ stability of oligomeric R‐PC under high pressure (HP) conditions (up to 4000 bar) using a combination of absorption, fluorescence, and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) techniques. The unfolding of R‐PC is a multiphase process. Initially, low pressure induces conformational changes in the R‐PC oligomeric form (trimers). As pressure increases above 1600 bar, these trimers dissociate into monomers, and at pressures above 3000 bar, the subunits begin to unfold. When returned to atmospheric pressure, R‐PC partially refolds, retaining 50% of its original color absorbance. In contrast, heat treatment causes irreversible and detrimental effects on R‐PC color, highlighting the advantages of HP treatment in preserving both the color and bioactive properties of R‐PC compared to heat treatment.
Destabilization of the D2 domain of Thermotoga maritima arginine binding protein induced by guanidinium thiocyanate and its counteraction by stabilizing agents
Authors: Izzi Guido , Paladino Antonella , Oliva Rosario , Barra Giovanni , Ruggiero Alessia , del Vecchio Pompea , Vitagliano Luigi , Graziano Giuseppe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractD2 is a structural and cooperative domain of Thermotoga maritima Arginine Binding Protein, that possesses a remarkable conformational stability, with a denaturation temperature of 102.6°C, at pH 7.4. The addition of potassium thiocyanate causes a significant decrease in the D2 denaturation temperature. The interactions of thiocyanate ions with D2 have been studied by means of isothermal titration calorimetry measurements and molecular dynamics simulations. It emerged that: (a) 20–30 thiocyanate ions interact with the D2 surface and are present in its first solvation shell; (b) each of them makes several contacts with protein groups, both polar and nonpolar ones. The addition of guanidinium thiocyanate causes a marked destabilization of the D2 native state, because both the ions are denaturing agents. However, on adding to the solution containing D2 and guanidinium thiocyanate a stabilizing agent, such as TMAO, sucrose or sodium sulfate, a significant increase in denaturation temperature occurs. The present results confirm that counteraction is a general phenomenon for globular proteins.
Population structure, spatial aggregation, and sampling plan for the Texas citrus mite, Eutetranychus banksi (Acari: Tetranychidae) on citrus
Authors: López‐Olmos Sergio , Ferragut Francisco 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDEutetranychus banksi (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an invasive spider mite native to the Americas. In 2013 it invaded the main citrus‐growing area in Spain producing significant damage and requiring chemical treatments. This work examines its population structure, spatial distribution and presents a sampling plan, which will assist in developing an integrated pest management (IPM) strategy.RESULTSThere were differences in the population structure on fruits and leaves, as well as between leaves from different flushes with fluctuations over time correlated with variations in sex ratio. No differences in aggregation at the different plant strata were found; however, immature stages showed a higher aggregation than adults, with females being the sex with the lowest aggregation. There was a high correlation between E. banksi motile forms and adult females with the total population, thus both were used as reference stages to develop sampling plans. We recommend binomial sampling of 100 leaves for female monitoring, sampling two leaves per tree on 25 trees per transect regularly spaced along two diagonal transects, the first oriented northeast to southwest and the second northwest to southeast. To be more accurate, it is possible to survey the presence/absence of motile forms. In this case, four leaves per tree in 50 trees per transect should be monitored.CONCLUSIONThis study has resulted in the first sampling plan for E. banksi, one of the most damaging citrus mite species described so far. The binomial sampling plan involves monitoring reference developmental stages, as well as a reasonable sample size that makes it applicable in field sampling for decisions making based on a future intervention threshold. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Ex vivo delivery of dsRNA targeting ryanodine receptors for control of Tuta absoluta
Authors: Askew William T. , Edwards Martin G. , Gatehouse Angharad M.R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDRNA interference (RNAi) is an endogenous eukaryote viral defence mechanism representing a unique form of post‐transcriptional gene silencing. Owing to its high specificity, this technology is being developed for use in dsRNA‐based biopesticides for control of pest insects. Whilst many lepidopteran species are recalcitrant to RNAi, Tuta absoluta, a polyphagous insect responsible for extensive crop damage, is sensitive. Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are intracellular calcium channels regulating calcium ion (Ca2+) release. The chemical pesticide class of diamides functions agonistically against lepidopteran RyR, resulting in uncontrolled Ca2+ release, feeding cessation and death. Resistance to diamides has emerged in T. absoluta, derived from RyR point mutations.RESULTSRNAi was used to target RyR transcripts of T. absoluta. Data presented here demonstrate the systemic use of exogenous T. absoluta RyR‐specific (TaRy) dsRNA in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) to significantly downregulate expression of the target gene, resulting in significant insect mortality and reduced leaf damage. Using a leaflet delivery system, daily dosing of 3 μg TaRy dsRNA for 72 h resulted in 50% downregulation of the target gene and 50% reduction in tomato leaf damage. Corrected larval mortality and adult emergence were reduced by 38% and 33%, respectively. TaRy dsRNA demonstrated stability in tomato leaves ≤72 h after dosing.CONCLUSIONSThis work identifies TaRy as a promising target for RNAi control of this widespread crop pest. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Design of New Sensor Functionalized with Green Nanoparticles PbO@Hyphaene Thebaica for in‐situ Amoxicillin Monitoring in Real Media
Authors: Ali Shazalia Mahmoud Ahmed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe present work reports for the first time the design of an electrochemical sensor functionalized with green nanoparticles based on Hyphaene thebaica for amoxicillin quantification. Based on a simple one‐pot bio‐reduction reaction, lead oxide PbO coated with Hyphaene thebaica was synthesized. Ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV), fourier transform infrared (FITR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) were used to control optical, structural, morphological, and physicochemical properties of the elaborated nanoparticles. Results demonstrated a good dispersion with a spherical morphology, which is in the order 8 nm. Regarding the good properties of nanoparticles, they are integrated to design an electrochemical sensor for amoxicillin detection. Cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry were used to follow up the sensor modification and the electrochemical sensor response versus different amoxicillin concentrations. Under optimal conditions, the electrochemical sensor modified with the nanoparticles in question provides a linear detection in the range 50–10000 nM, with a detection limit of 0.105 nM. The proposed sensor also exhibits good sensitivity and selectivity against several antibiotic analogues and has been successfully applied to real samples. Aside from its power in several fields including antibacterial, antifungal, enzyme‐inhibiting and antioxidant, green nanoparticles based on Hyphaene thebaica have demonstrated an effectiveness as a sensor for the electrochemical detection of amoxicillin, highlighting the possibility of adopting these sensors as routine test for the environment monitoring.
Eutectic Mixtures of APIs: A way to Improve the Physiochemical Properties and Oral Bioavailability of the Drugs
Authors: Singh Madhur Babu , Sharma Ujjwal , Singh Raman@ Anirudh Pratap , Jain Pallavi , Kumari Kamlesh , Singh Prashant 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEutectic mixtures (EMs) are consisted of two or more components with a specific composition and melting point, have received a lot of attention in pharmaceutical research due to their potential to improve the physicochemical properties and oral bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). This review summarizes the most recent research on eutectic combinations of APIs and their use in pharmaceutical formulations. First, the fundamental concepts and characteristics of EMs are reviewed, focusing on their distinct thermodynamic properties and possible advantages in drug delivery systems. The tactics used for forming and characterizing EMs are then described, including techniques such as thermal analysis, spectroscopy, and microscopy. The review delves into the diverse approaches utilized to enhanced the solubility, dissolution rate and oral absorption of poorly water‐soluble APIs through the formation of EMs, including the selection of suitable co‐formers, optimization of composition ratios, and formulation techniques. Furthermore, notable examples of EMs in pharmaceutical development are presented, showcasing their efficacy in enhancing the bioavailability of a wide range of drug compounds across different therapeutic classes. Overall, this review covers the potential of EMs as a promising approach to address formulation challenges and improve the therapeutic performance of APIs, paving the way for the development of more effective and patient‐friendly drug products.
Development of ZnFe(PBA)@Mo3C2Tx Nanohybrid based Non‐Enzymatic Sensor for the Detection of Glucose in Human Sweat
Authors: Ravitchandiran Arrthi , Dhandapani Preethi , Rajendra Saradh Prasad , AlSalhi Mohamad S. , Rajamohan Rajaram , Angaiah Subramania 
Published: August 2024

AbstractZnFe (PBA)@Mo3C2Tx is prepared by in‐situ sonication method using ZnFe Prussian blue analogue infused with Mo3C2Tx (MXene) to use as a non‐enzymatic glucose sensor owing to its low cost and biocompatibility. The synthesized ZnFe (PBA)@Mo3C2Tx is characterized for its physical and chemical characterization by XRD, Raman, XPS, EDAX, and FESEM analyses, revealing a functionalized multiple‐layered structure with a cubic nano‐hybrid arrangement. This sensor has undergone electroanalytical investigation, including cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry analysis. The electrochemical performance of ZnFe(PBA)@Mo3C2Tx exhibits an excellent analytical performance with a sensitivity of 818.285 μA mM−1 cm−2 and the limit of detection (LOD) of 1.6 μM (S/N=3). The analysis of glucose in human sweat samples, compared with their corresponding blood glucose values, yield a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.98 %.
Cysteine‐Functionalized Ti3C2 MXene Quantum Dots as Fluorescent Sensors for the Detection of Ag+
Authors: Liu Dan , Qiu Ying , Yu Fengrui , Zhang Guohua , Zhou Wenjuan , Ni Qingting 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMXene quantum dots (MQDs), an emerging zero‐dimensional nanomaterial, have garnered significant attention from researchers due to their distinctive physical and chemical properties. In this study, cysteine‐functionalized Ti3C2 MQDs were synthesized using a facile hydrothermal methods, resulting in the functionalized Ti3C2 MQDs exhibiting intense blue fluorescence attributed to size‐dependent effects and surface defects. Furthermore, the cysteine‐functionalized Ti3C2 MQDs exhibit excitation wavelength‐dependent emission behavior and serve as a highly sensitive fluorescent probe for Ag+ detection with an impressive low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.015 μM. Moreover, they demonstrate exceptional sensitivity and selectivity in determining Ag+. This study presents a novel approach for the detection of Ag+ and highlights the immense potential of cysteine‐functionalized Ti3C2 MQDs in environmental applications.
Donor‐Acceptor‐Based Conjugated Fluorescent Probes for Volatile Acid Detection
Authors: B. M. Samrudhi , Barkale Harshal V. , Devadiga Deepak , Dey Nilanjan , T. N. Ahipa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractStimuli‐responsive materials based on π‐conjugated donor‐acceptor systems have great potential for sensing applications in solution and solid state. The photophysical properties of an oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene) series consisting of five push‐pull type molecules were systematically investigated to switch their absorption and emission properties by using trifluoroacetic acid as a specific external analyte. During the trifluoracetic acid sensing, the terminal pyridine units of the molecules undergo the protonation and lead to the broader absorption band at a longer wavelength region owing to the π‐π* characteristics of molecules. Upon exposing solid samples to the trifluoracetic acid vapors, the initial color of solid samples changed from yellow to orange for three‐ring system‐based molecules and brick red to wine red color for five‐ring system‐based molecules with the shifting of emission band to the longer wavelength region. Furthermore, exposing the trifluoracetic acid‐fumed solid samples to triethylamine vapors, the color of the solid samples reverted to their original colors and emission properties. The DFT analysis indicated a decreased energy band gap for the protonated molecules compared to the neutral molecules, suggesting a redshift in both the absorption and emission spectra of the protonated molecules. Thus, all the molecules of an Oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene) series can be utilized effectively for volatile acid detection.