bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-operative acute kidney injury and five-year risk of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke among elective cardiac surgical patients: a cohort study
Authors: Hansen Malene Kærslund , Gammelager Henrik , Mikkelsen Martin Majlund , Hjortdal Vibeke Elisabeth , Layton J Bradley , Johnsen Søren Paaske , Christiansen Christian Fynbo 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Introduction
The prognostic impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) on long-term clinical outcomes remains controversial. We examined the five-year risk of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke after elective cardiac surgery complicated by AKI.

Methods
We conducted a cohort study among adult elective cardiac surgical patients without severe chronic kidney disease and/or previous heart or renal transplant surgery using data from population-based registries. AKI was defined by the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria as a 50% increase in serum creatinine from baseline level, acute creatinine rise of ≥26.5 μmol/L (0.3 mg/dL) within 48 hours, and/or initiation of renal replacement therapy within five days after surgery. We followed patients from the fifth post-operative day until myocardial infarction, stroke or death within five years. Five-year risk was computed by the cumulative incidence method and compared with hazards ratios (HR) from a Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusting for propensity score.

Results
A total of 287 (27.9%) of 1,030 patients developed AKI. Five-year risk of death was 26.5% (95% CI: 21.2 to 32.0) among patients with AKI and 12.1% (95% CI: 10.0 to 14.7) among patients without AKI. The corresponding adjusted HR of death was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.1 to 2.2). Five-year risk of myocardial infarction was 5.0% (95% CI: 2.9 to 8.1) among patients with AKI and 3.3% (95% CI: 2.1 to 4.8) among patients without AKI. Five-year risk of stroke was 5.0% (95% CI: 2.8 to 7.9) among patients with AKI and 4.2% (95% CI: 2.9 to 5.8) among patients without AKI. Adjusted HRs were 1.5 (95% CI: 0.7 to 3.2) of myocardial infarction and 0.9 (95% CI: 0.5 to 1.8) of stroke.

Conclusions
AKI, within five days after elective cardiac surgery, was associated with increased five-year mortality and a statistically insignificant increased risk of myocardial infarction. No association was seen with the risk of stroke.
Higher Order Predictive Functional Control Versus Dynamical Matrix Control for a Milk Pasteurisation Process: Transfer Function Versus Finite Step Response Internal Models
Authors: Mohamed Khadir Tarek , Vincent Ringwood John 
Published: December 2013

Abstract
Predictive functional control (PFC), a model predictive control algorithm, has been proven to be very successful in a wealth of industrial applications due to its many laudable attribute, such as its simplicity and intuitive appeal. For simple single input single output processes, PFC applications use a first-order plus delay internal model and, as long as such models improve the control over classical control strategies, then their use remains justified. In this paper, a higher order internal PFC model is considered in order to reduce any possible plant-model mismatch, where the internal model is formulated as a series of cascaded or parallel first-order systems. The control approach is compared to a more conventional over parameterized dynamical matrix control (DMC) approach, used extensively for Multi-Input Multi-Output systems in the petrochemical industry. This paper demonstrates the benefits of the PFC higher order formulation for a typical milk pasteurisation plant, with significant improvements in the variances of both controlled and manipulated variables when compared to a first-order PFC. In this aspect, the higher order controller competes well with DMC performances, however, using a much more simpler and compact internal model form.
Risk factors for pregnancy-associated venous thromboembolism: a review
Authors: Kevane Barry , Donnelly Jennifer , D’Alton Mary , Cooley Sharon , Preston Roger J.S. , Áinle Fionnuala Ní 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Aim: To critically evaluate current understanding of risk factors for pregnancy-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) and to describe underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: A literature search was undertaken using the national library of medicine PubMed database. The search terms used were “pregnancy” and “venous thromboembolism”. Following exclusion of unsuitable data sources, studies were identified that described specific risk factors for pregnancy-associated VTE and suggested possible underlying molecular mechanisms. Adjusted odds ratios and incident rate ratios for these specific risk factors were identified in each study and tabulated.

Results: A series of mainly retrospective cohort and case control studies over the past two decades have reported specific risk factors for pregnancy-associated VTE. Recent published literature has highlighted the interaction between commonly occurring risk factors, particularly the potential for a multiplicative effect on overall VTE risk, and have led to improvements in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these risk factors.

Conclusion: Mortality from pregnancy associated VTE continues despite prevention strategies. A detailed understanding of specific risk factors, their interactions and underlying molecular mechanisms is required to identify women at highest risk and to guide development of thromboprophylaxis strategies.
Gestational weight gain according to number of fetuses in Japanese women
Authors: Morikawa Mamoru , Yamada Takahiro , Akaishi Rina , Yamada Takashi , Nishida Ryutaro , Sato Shoji , Kaneuchi Masanori , Minakami Hisanori 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Aim: It is unknown whether weekly maternal weight gain differs between Japanese women with singleton, twin, and triplet pregnancies.

Methods: Gestational weight gain defined as net weight gain during pregnancy was analyzed in 135,036 pregnant Japanese women, including 128,838 with singletons, 5573 with twins, and 132 with triplets, who gave birth at ≥22 weeks of gestation between 2007 and 2009. Weekly weight gain was defined as follows: gestational weight gain÷[gestational week (GW) at Delivery–2].

Results: Length of gestation (weeks, mean±SD) decreased significantly (38.2±2.6, 35.3±3.0, and 32.7±2.8) with increasing number of fetuses, while overall gestational weight gain (kg) was significantly smaller in women with singletons than in those with either twins or triplets (9.6±4.4 vs. 10.9±4.8 or 10.9±5.2, respectively). Thus, weekly maternal weight gain (kg/week) increased significantly with increasing number of fetuses (0.26±0.12, 0.33±0.13, and 0.35±0.16). Among women with delivery at or after GW 34, difference in gestational weight gain (kg) was prominent between the three groups (9.8±4.4, 11.4±4.7, and 13.0±5.1 for singleton, twin, and triplet pregnancies, respectively, P<0.001 between any two groups).

Conclusions: Weekly maternal weight gain increases with increasing number of fetuses. Our figures may be useful for advising Japanese women with multifetal pregnancies regarding gestational weight gain.
Evaluation of a novel placental alpha microglobulin-1 (PAMG-1) test to predict spontaneous preterm delivery
Authors: Nikolova Tanja , Bayev Oleg , Nikolova Natasha , Di Renzo Gian Carlo 
Published: December 2013

Abstract

Objective: The PartoSure™ time-to-delivery (TTD) test (AmniSure International, Boston, MA, USA) is a newly available bedside test for the prediction of time to spontaneous preterm delivery via the detection of placental alpha microglobulin-1. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of the test in predicting imminent delivery in 7 or 14 days from the time of testing.

Methods: The study population consisted of 101 consecutively recruited pregnant women with singleton pregnancies between 20+0 and 36+6 weeks of gestation with symptoms of preterm labor, clinically intact amniotic membranes, and minimal cervical dilatation (≤3 cm). The PartoSure™ TTD test was performed on these patients and the test-to-spontaneous-delivery interval was calculated.

Results: The PartoSure™ TTD test predicted spontaneous preterm delivery within 7 days with 90.0% sensitivity, 93.8% specificity, 97.4% negative predictive value (NPV), and 78.3% positive predictive value (PPV). The test predicted spontaneous preterm delivery within 14 days with 80% sensitivity, 96.1% specificity, 93.6% NPV, and 87.0% PPV.

Conclusion: A positive PartoSure™ TTD test in patients presenting with symptoms of preterm labor, intact membranes, and minimal cervical dilatation (≤3 cm) indicated spontaneous preterm delivery will occur within 7 days with a high degree of accuracy. A negative result indicated that spontaneous preterm delivery within 14 days is highly unlikely.
Analytical and experimental investigation of tensile properties of cross-ply and angle-ply GFRP composite laminates
Authors: Bourchak Mostefa , Harasani Wail 
Published: December 2013

AbstractThe static tensile properties in the form of ultimate failure stress, ultimate failure strain and Young’s modulus of a cross-ply glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite laminate [904, 04]s and an unconventional angle-ply GFRP composite laminate [+67.54, -67.54]s were investigated using the netting analysis, the laminate mixture rule (Hart-Smith 10% rule) and the classical laminate theory (CLT). The findings were then compared to experimental results to determine the accuracy of each analytical technique. It was found that the netting analysis was the best overall method for estimating the cross-ply laminate tensile properties, whereas neither the CLT nor the 10% rule were appropriate for estimating the tensile properties of the unconventional ply angle laminate.
Preoperatív kemoterápia a colorectalis májáttétes betegek sebészi kezelésében
Authors: Dede Kristóf , Láng István , Pörneczi Balázs , Mester Gábor , Fekete András , Kőszegi György , Mersich Tamás , Besznyák István , Bursics Attila 
Published: December 2013

AbsztraktBevezetés:A colorectalis májáttétek (CRLM) kezelésének egyetlen potenciálisan kuratív terápiája a sebészi resectio. A preoperatív/neoadjuváns kemoterápia mind a resecabilis, mind az ún. borderline resecabilis, mind az irresecabilis betegek esetében része lehet a kezelésnek.Beteganyag:Az Uzsoki Utcai Kórházban májresectióval kezelt CRLM-es betegek adatait elemeztük. Két csoportba osztottuk a betegeket: az A csoport kapott preoperatív kemoterápiás kezelést, a B csoport nem kapott preoperatív kezelést.Eredmények:2007. január 1. és 2010. december 31. között 128 betegnél történt kuratív célú májresectio CRLM miatt. 68 beteg (53%) kapott, 60 beteg (47%) nem kapott preoperatív kemoterápiás kezelést. A szövődmények tekintetében nem találtunk különbséget a két csoport között (p= 0,39). A median teljes túlélés 41 hónap volt. A progressziómentes (PFS) 3 és 5 éves túlélés 25%, a teljes (OS) 3 és 5 éves túlélés 55% és 31% volt. A kemoterápiás csoport (A) túlélését szignifikánsan rosszabbnak találtuk mind a PFS, mind az OS tekintetében (p= 0,014,p= 0,015) a B csoporthoz képest. Amikor az A csoporton belül a bevacizumabbal kombinált kemoterápiát kapott alcsoport adatait a csak citotoxikus kezelést kapott betegek adataival hasonlítottuk össze, szignifikánsan jobb PFS-értéket kaptunk a bevacizumab-kezelésben részesültek javára (p= 0,004).Következtetések:A colorectalis májáttétek sebészi kezelésével jó hosszú távú túlélési eredmények érhetőek el még nem szelektált beteganyagon is, az irodalomban közölt kiemelkedően magas túlélési eredményeket azonban beteganyagunkon még nem tudtuk igazolni. Amennyiben a preoperatív kemoterápiás kezelést bevacizumabbal kombináltan kapták a betegek, úgy a májresectiót követő túlélési eredmények az eleve resecabilis betegek túlélési eredményeivel egyezőek voltak.
A thrombocytosis mint prediktív faktor értékelése colorectalis tumorokban
Authors: Baranyai Zsolt , Jósa Valéria , Krzystanek Marcin , Eklund Aron C. , Szász A. Marcell , Szállási Zoltán 
Published: December 2013

AbsztraktBevezetés/célkitűzés:A preoperatív thrombocytosist mint negatív prognosztikai markert több szolid tumorban igazolták. Azonban a colorectalis daganatok esetében a szakirodalom nem egységes. Vizsgálatunk célja annak megállapítása volt, hogy a thrombocytosis független rizikófaktora-e a metastasisképződésnek és a túlélésnek colorectalis daganatokban.Anyag és módszerek:A 2001 és 2011 közötti időszakból retrospektív módon 336 colorectalis tumor (CRC) és 118 colorectalis tumor eredetű májáttét (mCRC) miatt resecált beteg klinikopatológiai adatát gyűjtöttük ki. A thrombocytosist 400 G/l < vérlemezkeszámnál definiáltuk. A betegségmentes túlélést (DFS) és a teljes túlélést (OS) Kaplan–Meier- és log-rank módszerrel határoztuk meg.Eredmények:Mind a CRC-, mind a mCRC-csoportban az OS szignifikánsan rosszabb volt azoknál a betegeknél, akiknek emelkedett volt a vérlemezkeszámuk (HR = 2,2,p< 0,001 és HR = 2,9,p= 0,018). A többváltozós elemzés azt mutatta, hogy az emelkedett thrombocytaszám független prognosztikai faktor CRC-ben (HR = 1,7,p= 0,035) és mCRC-ben egyaránt (HR = 3,1,p= 0,017). A DFS szignifikánsan rosszabb volt a CRC-csoport azon betegeinél, akiknek magasabb volt a vérlemezkeszámuk (HR = 2,0,p= 0,011).Következtetések:A thrombocytaszám értékes és viszonylag olcsón elérhető prognosztikai faktor a túlélés vonatkozásában a CRC-ben és az mCRC-ben szenvedő betegeknél.
Hosszú túléléssel járó malignus tumor miatti tüdőmegtartó centrális főhörgőplasztikáink
Authors: Kecskés László István , Bátor Győző , Füredi Árpád , Gehér Pál , Kiss Béla , Stankovics Péter 
Published: December 2013

AbsztraktBevezetés:A daganatos haláloki statisztikát vezető malignus hörgőtumorok eseteiben hosszú túlélésre csak a radikálisan operált betegek számíthatnak. Mégis, jól lokalizált, centrális és low grade malignomák kezelésében a tüdőmegtartó centrális bronchusplasztikáknak is helye lehet.Célkitűzés:A parenchymakonzerváló műtétek az egyik oldali teljes tüdő eltávolításának vagy az inoperabilitásnak a pozitív alternatívái lehetnek. Értékét a mortalitás, a szövődmények és a túlélés alapján lehet megítélni.Beteganyag és módszer:1985–2012 között 7130 hörgőcarcinomás beteget operáltunk. 80 centrális bronchoplasztikai műtétből7 esetben a jobb vagy bal főhörgő izolált vagy az egész bifurcatiós carina resectiója és a tüdő autotranszplantációja révén teljes tüdőmegtartást értünk el.A 4 nő és 3 férfi átlagéletkora 28,5 (14–58) év volt. 4 beteg carcinoid, 1 laphámrák, 1 mucoepidermoid carcinoma miatt, 1 beteg kissejtes tüdőrák (SCLC) miatti kemo-radioterápia (KRT) után került műtétre. 1 esetben izolált carina-, 1 betegnél balfőhörgő-, 5 betegnél jobbfőhörgő-resectio történt. Az anastomosist csomós PDS öltésekkel a műtéti területen át bevezetett steril tubus (6 beteg), illetve jet-katéter (1 beteg) felett varrtuk. A betegeket műtét után extubáltuk.Eredmények:Műtéti mortalitás nem volt. A korai posztoperatív szakban ismételt bronchoscopos leszívásokat alkalmaztunk. A SCLC miatt operált betegnél subacut anastomosisstenosis miatt kétoldali ideiglenes stentimplantációt alkalmaztunk. 174 hónapja él, Karnofsky-index 90%. 5 másik beteg is tumorrecidíva, metastasis nélkül él. A laphámrák miatti izolált jobbfőhörgő-resecált beteg 83 hónap után bal oldali disseminált kissejtes tüdőrák miatt exitált.Átlagos túlélés: 118 hónap (7–233).Következtetések:Fiatal betegeknél, lokalizált centrális főhörgő rosszindulatú daganatok szelektált eseteiben, izolált carina-főhörgő resectióval nemcsak teljes tüdőmegtartás, hanem hosszú túlélés is elérhető. Az irodalomban vannak hasonlóan sikeres, kisebb szériák és esetbemutatások (összes esetszám 200 alatt), de hosszú távú eredményekről kevés az adat. Hazánkban ez a legnagyobb széria, eredményeink nemzetközi kitekintéssel mérve is helytállóak.
The Lifetime Effect of Residential School Attendance on Indigenous Health Status
Authors: Kaspar Violet 
Published: December 2013

Objectives. I examined the health impact of lifetime Indian Residential school (IRS) attendance and the mediating influences of socioeconomic status and community adversity on health outcomes in a national sample of Aboriginal peoples in Canada.Methods. In an analysis of data on 13 881 Inuit, Métis, and off-reserve First Nations or North American Indian adults responding to the postcensus 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey administered October 2006 to March 2007, I tested the direct effect of IRS attendance on health and indirect effects through socioeconomic and community factors using logistic regression procedures.Results. Negative health status was significantly more likely with IRS attendance than nonattendance. The direct effect of IRS attendance remained significant although it attenuated substantially when adjusting for demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, and community-level adversities. Community adversity and socioeconomic factors, primarily income, employment status, and educational attainment mediated the effect of IRS on health.Conclusions. Residential school attendance is a significant health determinant in the Indigenous population and is adversely associated with subsequent health status both directly and through the effects of attendance on socioeconomic and community-level risks.
Indicators of Victimization and Sexual Orientation Among Adolescents: Analyses From Youth Risk Behavior Surveys
Authors: Russell Stephen T. , Everett Bethany G. , Rosario Margaret , Birkett Michelle 
Published: December 2013

Objectives. We used nuanced measures of sexual minority status to examine disparities in victimization and their variations by gender, age, and race/ethnicity. Methods. We conducted multivariate analyses of pooled data from the 2005 and 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. Results. Although all sexual minorities reported more fighting, skipping school because they felt unsafe, and having property stolen or damaged at school than did heterosexuals, rates were highest among youths who identified as bisexual or who reported both male and female sexual partners. Gender differences among sexual minorities appeared to be concentrated among bisexuals and respondents who reported sexual partners of both genders. Sexual minority youths reported more fighting than heterosexual youths, especially at younger ages, and more nonphysical school victimization that persisted through adolescence. White and Hispanic sexual minority youths reported more indicators of victimization than did heterosexuals; we found few sexual minority differences among African American and Asian American youths. Conclusions. Victimization carries health consequences, and sexual minorities are at increased risk. Surveys should include measures that allow tracking of disparities in victimization by sexual minority status.
Research Funded by the National Institutes of Health on the Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Populations
Authors: Coulter Robert W. S. , Kenst Karey S. , Bowen Deborah J. , Scout  
Published: December 2013

Objectives. We examined the proportion of studies funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) that focused on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations, along with investigated health topics. Methods. We used the NIH RePORTER system to search for LGBT-related terms in NIH-funded research from 1989 through 2011. We coded abstracts for LGBT inclusion, subpopulations studied, health foci, and whether studies involved interventions. Results. NIH funded 628 studies concerning LGBT health. Excluding projects about HIV/AIDS and other sexual health matters, only 0.1% (n = 113) of all NIH-funded studies concerned LGBT health. Among the LGBT-related projects, 86.1% studied sexual minority men, 13.5% studied sexual minority women, and 6.8% studied transgender populations. Overall, 79.1% of LGBT-related projects focused on HIV/AIDS and substantially fewer on illicit drug use (30.9%), mental health (23.2%), other sexual health matters (16.4%), and alcohol use (12.9%). Only 202 studies examined LGBT health–related interventions. Over time, the number of LGBT-related projects per year increased. Conclusions. The lack of NIH-funded research about LGBT health contributes to the perpetuation of health inequities. Here we recommend ways for NIH to stimulate LGBT-related research.
Health Status of Children of Migrant Farm Workers: Farm Worker Family Health Program, Moultrie, Georgia
Authors: Nichols Memorie , Stein Aryeh D. , Wold Judith Lupo 
Published: December 2013

Objectives. We evaluated the health status of migrant farmworkers’ children served by the Farm Worker Family Health Program (FWFHP) in Moultrie, Georgia. Methods. We analyzed data from children aged 0 to 16 years examined through the FWFHP from 2003 to 2011 (n across years = 179–415). We compared their prevalence of overweight, obesity, elevated blood pressure, anemia, and stunting with that of children in the United States and Mexico. Results. Across study years, prevalence of overweight, obesity, elevated blood pressure, anemia, and stunting ranged from 13.5% to 21.8%, 24.0% to 37.4%, 4.1% to 20.2%, 10.1% to 23.9%, and 1% to 6.4%, respectively. Children in the FWFHP had a higher prevalence of obesity than children in all comparison groups, and FWFHP children aged 6 to 12 years had a higher prevalence of elevated blood pressure than all comparison groups. Older FWFHP children had a higher prevalence of anemia than US children and Mexican children. Children in FWFHP had a higher prevalence of stunting than US and Mexican American children. Conclusions. We observed an elevated prevalence of obesity, anemia among older age groups, and stunting in this sample of children of migrant workers.
Economic and Political Influence on Tobacco Tax Rates: A Nationwide Analysis of 31 Years of State Data
Authors: Golden Shelley D. , Ribisl Kurt M. , Perreira Krista M. 
Published: December 2013

Objectives. We evaluated state-level characteristics associated with cigarette excise taxes before and after the Master Settlement Agreement (MSA). Methods. We gathered annual cigarette excise tax rates for all US states and the District of Columbia, between 1981 and 2011, and matched each state–year tax rate with economic, political, attitudinal, and demographic characteristics, creating a data set of 1581 observations. We used panel data regression techniques to assess relationships between key characteristics and state cigarette excise tax levels. Results. Cigarette excise tax rates grew at more than 6 times the rate of inflation between 1981 and 2011; growth varied by time period and region. We found strong negative associations between Republican Party control of state legislatures and governors’ offices and state cigarette tax rates. Tobacco production, citizens’ attitudes toward taxes and tobacco control, and cigarette tax rates in neighboring states were significantly associated with cigarette tax rates. We found no association between unemployment and tax rates. Conclusions. Future excise tax growth rate may depend more on the political leanings of state legislators, and the attitudes of the people they represent, than on economic circumstances.