bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voxel-Based Approach for Computation and Optimization of Unoccupied Space in CAD Assemblies
Authors: Swamy C. Saikrishna , Rajadhyaksha Rahul , Paul Nabarun 
Published: October 2013

CAD designers constantly face challenges in optimizing the design space to reduce cost and improve aesthetics without compromising the components’ functionality in an assembly. Specifically, in the aerospace industry, there is a need to continuously accommodate more components in lesser space and also consume less weight. With an increased use of 3D CAD models to represent complex designs and assemblies in industries like automotive, aerospace, and in various electronic products, there is a need for a tool to review the CAD assemblies for space optimization at every stage of the design.
For effective space optimization, there is a need to quickly get an idea of the consumed and available space in the assembly. This will help the designer take effective decisions in placement of components such that the available space is effectively optimized. Currently designers adopt various tools like repeated sectioning, component box computation and summation to get an estimate of the available versus consumed space. The first approach is time consuming while the latter is not as accurate as required.
In this paper, we have adopted an approach based on voxelization or volumization of the 3D CAD models to compute the volume space occupied by the assembly and its components and also identify void spaces between the components in an assembly. The volume space is computed by fitting a voxel grid enclosing the 3D Model with uniform number of voxels along coordinate axes. The voxels are examined to identify whether there is material (or no material) and classify them as inside (material) or outside (no material) voxels and are grouped into finite regions. Once the model is discretized, the output can be post-processed to generate data for various applications — computing the wrap volume or consumed space of the complete assembly, identifying significant void spaces in the assembly, etc. A wrap volume is the volume of the package which would result if we hypothetically wrap the model under consideration with wrapping/packaging paper. Consumed-space is different from the material volume in that it includes additional space due to voids in the model, small inaccessible spaces, etc.
The approach is useful for design improvements through optimization of void spaces between components depending on the related use cases. In the present study, this methodology has been successfully tested on a few industrial components. Greater accuracy in space discretization can be achieved by increasing voxel resolution. This approach handles complex geometry including freeform surfaces and turns out to be useful in addressing the space optimization problems in industries dealing with complex assemblies.
Wave-Rotor Pressure-Gain Combustion Analysis for Power Generation and Gas Turbine Applications
Authors: Rajagopal Manikanda , Karimi Abdullah , Nalim Razi 
Published: October 2013

A wave-rotor pressure-gain combustor (WRPGC) ideally provides constant-volume combustion and enables a gas turbine engine to operate on the Humphrey-Atkinson cycle. It exploits pressure (both compression and expansion) waves and confined propagating combustion to achieve pressure rise inside the combustor. This study first presents thermodynamic cycle analysis to illustrate the improvements of a gas turbine engine possible with a wave rotor combustor. Thereafter, non-steady reacting simulations are used to examine features and characteristics of a combustor rig that reproduces key features of a WRPGC.
In the thermodynamic analysis, performance parameters such as thermal efficiency and specific power are estimated for different operating conditions (compressor pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature). The performance of the WRPGC is compared with the conventional unrecuperated and recuperated engines that operates on the Brayton cycle. Fuel consumption may be reduced substantially with WRPGC introduction, while concomitantly boosting power. Simulations have been performed of the ignition of propane by a hot gas jet and subsequent turbulent flame propagation and shock-flame interaction.
Quantitative Monte Carlo‐based holmium‐166 SPECT reconstruction
Authors: Elschot Mattijs , Smits Maarten L. J. , Nijsen Johannes F. W. , Lam Marnix G. E. H. , Zonnenberg Bernard A. , van den Bosch Maurice A. A. J. , Viergever Max A. , de Jong Hugo W. A. M. 
Published: October 2013

Purpose:Quantitative imaging of the radionuclide distribution is of increasing interest for microsphere radioembolization (RE) of liver malignancies, to aid treatment planning and dosimetry. For this purpose, holmium‐166 (166Ho) microspheres have been developed, which can be visualized with a gamma camera. The objective of this work is to develop and evaluate a new reconstruction method for quantitative 166Ho SPECT, including Monte Carlo‐based modeling of photon contributions from the full energy spectrum.Methods:A fast Monte Carlo (MC) simulator was developed for simulation of166Ho projection images and incorporated in a statistical reconstruction algorithm (SPECT‐fMC). Photon scatter and attenuation for all photons sampled from the full 166Ho energy spectrum were modeled during reconstruction by Monte Carlo simulations. The energy‐ and distance‐dependent collimator‐detector response was modeled using precalculated convolution kernels. Phantom experiments were performed to quantitatively evaluate image contrast, image noise, count errors, and activity recovery coefficients (ARCs) of SPECT‐fMC in comparison with those of an energy window‐based method for correction of down‐scattered high‐energy photons (SPECT‐DSW) and a previously presented hybrid method that combines MC simulation of photopeak scatter with energy window‐based estimation of down‐scattered high‐energy contributions (SPECT‐ppMC+DSW). Additionally, the impact of SPECT‐fMC on whole‐body recovered activities (Aest) and estimated radiation absorbed doses was evaluated using clinical SPECT data of six 166Ho RE patients.Results:At the same noise level, SPECT‐fMC images showed substantially higher contrast than SPECT‐DSW and SPECT‐ppMC+DSW in spheres ≥17 mm in diameter. The count error was reduced from 29% (SPECT‐DSW) and 25% (SPECT‐ppMC+DSW) to 12% (SPECT‐fMC). ARCs in five spherical volumes of 1.96–106.21 ml were improved from 32%–63% (SPECT‐DSW) and 50%–80% (SPECT‐ppMC+DSW) to 76%–103% (SPECT‐fMC). Furthermore, SPECT‐fMC recovered whole‐body activities were most accurate (Aest = 1.06 × A − 5.90 MBq, R2 = 0.97) and SPECT‐fMC tumor absorbed doses were significantly higher than with SPECT‐DSW (p = 0.031) and SPECT‐ppMC+DSW (p = 0.031).Conclusions:The quantitative accuracy of166Ho SPECT is improved by Monte Carlo‐based modeling of the image degrading factors. Consequently, the proposed reconstruction method enables accurate estimation of the radiation absorbed dose in clinical practice.
Draft Genome Sequence of Brucella melitensis Strain ADMAS-G1, Isolated from Placental Fluids of an Aborted Goat
Authors: Shome Rajeswari , Krithiga Natesan , Muttannagouda Revanasiddappa Biradar , Veeregowda Belamaranahalli Muniveerappa , Swati Sahay , Shome Bibek Ranjan , Vishnu Udayakumar , Sankarasubramanian Jagadesan , Sridhar Jayavel , Gunasekaran Paramasamy , Rahman Habibur , Rajendhran Jeyaprakash 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence and annotation of the
Brucella melitensis
strain designated ADMAS-G1, isolated from placental fluids of an aborted goat. The length of the genome is 3,284,982 bp, with a 57.3% GC content. A total of 3,325 protein-coding genes and 63 RNA genes were predicted.
Genome Sequence of Human Herpesvirus 7 Strain UCL-1
Authors: Donaldson Callum D. , Clark Duncan A. , Kidd I. Michael , Breuer Judith , Depledge Daniel D. 
Published: October 2013

ABSTRACT
The sequence of human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) strain UCL-1 was determined using target enrichment and next-generation sequencing methods. We have identified 86 putative open reading frames (ORFs), and comparative sequence analyses demonstrate that this strain is closely related to the previously sequenced HHV-7 strains RK and JI.
Pressure–temperature estimates on the Tjeliken eclogite: new insights into the (ultra)-high-pressure evolution of the Seve Nappe Complex in the Scandinavian Caledonides
Authors: Majka Jarosław , Janák Marian , Andersson Barbro , Klonowska Iwona , Gee David G. , Rosén Åke , Kośmińska Karolina 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

The metamorphic evolution of the Tjeliken eclogite, occurring within the Seve Nappe Complex of northern Jämtland (Swedish Caledonides), is presented here. The prograde part of the pressure and temperature (
P–T
) path is inferred from the mineral inclusions (pargasitic amphibole) in garnet and intracrystalline garnet exsolutions in omphacite. Peak metamorphic conditions of 25–26 kbar at 650–700 °C are constrained from geothermobarometry for the peak-pressure assemblage garnet+omphacite+phengite+quartz+rutile, using the garnet–clinopyroxene Fe–Mg exchange thermometer in combination with the net-transfer reaction (6 diopside+3 muscovite=3 celadonite +2 grossular+pyrope) geobarometer, the average
P–T
method of Thermocalc and pseudosection modelling. Quartz inclusions with well-developed radial cracks were identified within omphacite, which suggest that the studied rock could have been buried down to the coesite stability field. Post-peak
P–T
evolution is inferred from diopside–plagioclase symplectites and amphibole coronas around garnet. Previous studies in northern Jämtland suggest a substantial gap between the
P–T
conditions of the Lower and Middle Seve nappes: 14–16 kbar and 550–680 °C and 20–30 kbar and 700–800 °C, respectively. The Tjeliken eclogite has been considered previously to be a part of Lower Seve by most authors, but the new
P–T
data suggest that it may be an isolated klippe of Middle Seve.
Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Santangeli Pasquale , Di Biase Luigi , Themistoclakis Sakis , Raviele Antonio , Schweikert Robert A. , Lakkireddy Dhanunjaya , Mohanty Prasant , Bai Rong , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Pump Agnes , Beheiry Salwa , Hongo Richard , Sanchez Javier E. , Gallinghouse G. Joseph , Horton Rodney , Russo Antonio Dello , Casella Michela , Fassini Gaetano , Elayi Claude S. , Burkhardt J. David , Tondo Claudio , Natale Andrea 
Published: October 2013

Background—
Pulmonary vein (PV) antrum isolation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation (AF) has been reported to have satisfactory results at the mid- and short-term follow-up. We determined the outcomes at the long-term follow-up of PV antrum isolation in these patients.

Methods and Results—
We enrolled 43 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and AF (28% paroxysmal AF). PV antrum isolation (paroxysmal AF) and posterior wall isolation with complex fractionated atrial electrogram ablation (persistent and longstanding persistent AF) were the end points at the time of the index procedure and for repeat procedures during the first year of follow-up. In case of recurrent arrhythmia >1 year, high-dose isoproterenol challenge was used to disclose non-PV trigger sites. During the first year, the success rate reached 91% (mean of 1.6 procedures). After a median follow-up of 42 months (range, 38–48 months), 49% of the patients remained free from AF/atrial tachycardia. All patients underwent an additional procedure. PV antrum and posterior wall remained isolated in 82% of the cases, and extra-PV triggers were documented in all patients and targeted for ablation. After a median follow-up of 15 months (range, 8–19 months) subsequent to the last procedure, 94% of the patients remained free from AF/atrial tachycardia off antiarrhythmic drugs.

Conclusions—
PV isolation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is feasible and safe, although is not effective in preventing late (≥1 year) AF recurrences in ≈50% of patients. Non-PV triggers seem to be responsible of late recurrences, which supports the appropriateness of a more extensive ablation beyond PV isolation to improve the long-term arrhythmia-free survival.
Isolated X-Linked Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Caused by a Novel Mutation of the Four-and-a-Half LIM Domain 1 Gene
Authors: Hartmannova Hana , Kubanek Milos , Sramko Marek , Piherova Lenka , Noskova Lenka , Hodanova Katerina , Stranecky Viktor , Pristoupilova Anna , Sovova Jana , Marek Tomas , Maluskova Jana , Ridzon Petr , Kautzner Josef , Hulkova Helena , Kmoch Stanislav 
Published: October 2013

Background—
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with severe left ventricular diastolic dysfunction has been associated with marked exercise intolerance and poor prognosis. However, molecular pathogenesis of this phenotype remains unexplained in a large proportion of cases.

Methods and Results—

We performed whole exome sequencing as an initial genetic test in a large Czech family with 3 males affected by nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with severe left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in end-stage disease. A novel frameshift mutation of four-and-a-half LIM domain 1 gene (
FHL1
) (c.599_600insT; p.F200fs32X) was detected in these individuals. The mutation does not affect transcription, splicing, and stability of
FHL1
mRNA and results in production of truncated FHL1 protein, which is contrary to heart tissue homogenate not detectable in frozen tissue sections of myocardial biopsy of affected males. The identified mutation cosegregated also with abnormal ECG and with 1 case of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in heterozygous females. Although skeletal muscle involvement is a common finding in FHL1-related diseases, we could exclude myopathy in all mutation carriers.

Conclusions—

We identified a novel
FHL1
mutation causing isolated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with X-chromosomal inheritance.
Circulating Omega‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Subclinical Brain Abnormalities on MRI in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Virtanen Jyrki K. , Siscovick David S. , Lemaitre Rozenn N. , Longstreth William T. , Spiegelman Donna , Rimm Eric B. , King Irena B. , Mozaffarian Dariush 
Published: October 2013

Background

Consumption of tuna or other broiled or baked fish, but not fried fish, is associated with fewer subclinical brain abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (
MRI
). We investigated the association between plasma phospholipid omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (
PUFA
s), objective biomarkers of exposure, and subclinical brain abnormalities on
MRI
.

Methods and Results

In the community‐based
C
ardiovascular
H
ealth
S
tudy, 3660 participants aged ≥65 underwent brain
MRI
in 1992–1994, and 2313 were rescanned 5 years later.
MRI
s were centrally read by neuroradiologists in a standardized, blinded manner. Participants with recognized transient ischemic attacks or stroke were excluded. Phospholipid
PUFA
s were measured in stored plasma collected in 1992–1993 and related to cross‐sectional and longitudinal
MRI
findings. After multivariable adjustment, the odds ratio for having a prevalent subclinical infarct was 0.60 (95%
CI
, 0.44 to 0.82;
P
for trend=0.001) in the highest versus lowest long‐chain omega‐3
PUFA
quartile. Higher long‐chain omega‐3
PUFA
content was also associated with better white matter grade, but not with sulcal or ventricular grades, markers of brain atrophy, or with incident subclinical infarcts. The phospholipid intermediate‐chain omega‐3
PUFA
alpha‐linolenic acid was associated only with modestly better sulcal and ventricular grades. However, this finding was not supported in the analyses with alpha‐linolenic acid intake.

Conclusions

Among older adults, higher phospholipid long‐chain omega‐3
PUFA
content was associated with lower prevalence of subclinical infarcts and better white matter grade on
MRI
. Our results support the beneficial effects of fish consumption, the major source of long‐chain omega‐3
PUFA
s, on brain health in later life. The role of plant‐derived alpha‐linolenic acid in brain health requires further investigation.
Effects of Literacy in Early Visual and Occipitotemporal Areas of Chinese and French Readers
Authors: Szwed Marcin , Qiao Emilie , Jobert Antoinette , Dehaene Stanislas , Cohen Laurent 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
How does reading expertise change the visual system? Here, we explored whether the visual system could develop dedicated perceptual mechanisms in early and intermediate visual cortex under the pressure for fast processing that is particularly strong in reading. We compared fMRI activations in Chinese participants with limited knowledge of French and in French participants with no knowledge of Chinese, exploiting these doubly dissociated reading skills as a tool to study the neural correlates of visual expertise. All participants viewed the same stimuli: words in both languages and matched visual controls, presented at a fast rate comparable with fluent reading. In the Visual Word Form Area, all participants showed enhanced responses to their known scripts. However, group differences were found in occipital cortex. In French readers reading French, activations were enhanced in left-hemisphere visual area V1, with the strongest differences between French words and their controls found at the central and horizontal meridian representations. Chinese participants, who were not expert French readers, did not show these early visual activations. In contrast, Chinese readers reading Chinese showed enhanced activations in intermediate visual areas V3v/hV4, absent in French participants. Together with our previous findings [Szwed, M., Dehaene, S., Kleinschmidt, A., Eger, E., Valabregue, R., Amadon, A., et al. Specialization for written words over objects in the visual cortex. Neuroimage, 56, 330–344, 2011], our results suggest that the effects of extensive practice can be found at the lowest levels of the visual system. They also reveal their cross-script variability: Alphabetic reading involves enhanced engagement of central and right meridian V1 representations that are particularly used in left-to-right reading, whereas Chinese characters put greater emphasis on intermediate visual areas.
Nematicidal and ovicidal activities of Dryobalanops aromatica and Mentha haplocalyx var. piperascens-derived materials and their formulations against Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles and eggs
Authors: Kim Soon-Il , Lee Jae-Kook , Na Young-Eun , Yoon Seong Tak , Oh Young Ju 
Published: October 2013

Nematicidal and hatching inhibition activities (HIA) of the methanol extracts from Dryobalanops aromatica (DA) and Mentha haplocalyx var. piperascens (MH), their constituents, and emulsified concentrate and granule formulations containing the methanol extracts as active ingredients, were compared with those of commercial nematicides, cadusafos and fosthiazate, against Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles (J2) and eggs using well plate, container and pot assays. In a well plate assay with J2, DA applied at 500, 250 and 125 ppm resulted in 100, 95 and 55% mortality, respectively, while MH showed 80% mortality even at the lower concentration of 63 ppm. MH gave stronger HIA than DA at 1000 and 500 ppm. In addition, α-pinene, camphor, borneol and p-menthole, which are the main components of DA and MH extracts, showed strong nematicidal properties and HIA. In particular, the nematicidal activity of p-menthole among them was the highest and its HIA was also stronger than that of cadusafos and fosthiazate. In a container test using emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and granule (G) formulations containing 50 and 30% DA and MH, respectively, EC of D. aromatica showed a stronger LC50 value (0.203 μl (g soil)−1) than G formulation (0.935 mg (g soil)−1). However, their effects were fewer than MH formulations. The lethality of EC and G formulations containing MH was comparable to that of fosthiazate soluble concentrate and granule formulations. In another test using pots containing soils naturally infected by M. incognita, these plant formulations significantly inhibited the nematode-population density judging from the number of galls that formed on tested tomato roots after 8 weeks. These results suggest that DA and MH methanol extracts, as well as their constituents, might be useful as management agents against M. incognita.
Pivotal role of tissue plasminogen activator in the mechanism of action of electroconvulsive therapy
Authors: Hoirisch-Clapauch Silvia , Mezzasalma Marco AU , Nardi Antonio E 
Published: October 2013

Electroconvulsive therapy is an important treatment option for major depressive disorders, acute mania, mood disorders with psychotic features, and catatonia. Several hypotheses have been proposed as electroconvulsive therapy’s mechanism of action. Our hypothesis involves many converging pathways facilitated by increased synthesis and release of tissue-plasminogen activator. Human and animal experiments have shown that tissue-plasminogen activator participates in many mechanisms of action of electroconvulsive therapy or its animal variant, electroconvulsive stimulus, including improved N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated signaling, activation of both brain-derived neurotrophic factor and vascular endothelial growth factor, increased bioavailability of zinc, purinergic release, and increased mobility of dendritic spines. As a result, tissue-plasminogen activator helps promote neurogenesis in limbic structures, modulates synaptic transmission and plasticity, improves cognitive function, and mediates antidepressant effects. Notably, electroconvulsive therapy seems to influence tissue-plasminogen activator metabolism. For example, electroconvulsive stimulus increases the expression of glutamate decarboxylase 65 isoform in γ-aminobutyric acid–releasing neurons, which enhances the release of tissue-plasminogen activator, and the expression of p11, a protein involved in plasminogen and tissue-plasminogen activator assembling. This paper reviews how electroconvulsive therapy correlates with tissue-plasminogen activator. We suggest that interventions aiming at increasing tissue-plasminogen activator levels or its bioavailability – such as daily aerobic exercises together with a carbohydrate-restricted diet, or normalization of homocysteine levels – be evaluated in controlled studies assessing response and remission duration in patients who undergo electroconvulsive therapy.