bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Krauklis wave in a trilayer
Authors: Korneev Valeri , Danilovskaya Ludmila , Nakagawa Seiji , Moridis George 
Published: July 2014

The Krauklis wave is a slow dispersive wave mode that propagates in a fluid layer bounded by elastic media. The guided properties of this wave and its ability to generate very short wavelengths at seismic frequency range predict possibility of resonances in fluid-filled rock fractures. Study of Krauklis wave properties at laboratory scales requires evaluation of its propagation velocities in models with finite and thin elastic walls. Analysis of an exact solution for a fluid-filled trilayer with equal thickness plates reveals existence of the Krauklis waves in such a model, as well as another mode which propagates mostly in the solid part. Both propagation modes exist at all frequencies. We derived and verified various asymptotic solutions by comparing their dependencies on layer thicknesses and frequency with the exact numerical solution. Analytical and computational results demonstrate that in a 60-cm-long model, the first resonant frequency can be below 10 Hz. This result suggests that the Krauklis-wave effects can be studied in a laboratory at seismic range of frequencies avoiding a notorious problem of frequency downscaling. Strong dispersive properties of Krauklis waves and their dominant behavior in fluid-fracture systems are likely phenomena explaining the observed frequency-dependent seismic effects in natural underground reservoirs.
Working on “Complaint Book” Ecological Project at the World Around Us Lessons
Authors: Горбаткина  , Gorbatkina Irina 
Published: July 2014

The author reveals pedagogical capabilities of “Complaint Book” project when learning “the World Around Us” subject with the goal help
primary school pupils develop general purpose educational actions. Using the educational project as a case the author demonstrates how pupils
grasp research techniques in order to solve a problem they deem to be significant for them, and develop skills of collaboration.
Reflective practice on inpatient mental health wards (2/2): evaluation of CBT-integrated reflective learning process
Authors: Mankiewicz Pawel D 
Published: July 2014

This second article—of two—further discusses the important role of reflective learning in the modern practice of mental health practitioners. It outlines the benefits that regular and structured reflection on clinical experiences might have for the professional development of nurses and healthcare assistants working in inpatient mental health settings.It argues for an incorporation of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) principles into the reflective learning process, and demonstrates the effectiveness of CBT-based reflective practice groups facilitated by a clinical psychologist on acute mental health wards.Finally, it illustrates the outcomes of a reflective practice group (RPG) service evaluation project.
The Relationship Between Contraceptive Features Preferred by Young Women and Interest in IUDs: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Gomez Anu Manchikanti , Clark Jennifer B. 
Published: July 2014

CONTEXTLittle research has examined the relationship between women's preferences of contraceptive features and their interest in IUD use. Given high levels of contraceptive discontinuation and dissatisfaction, a better understanding of contraceptive preferences may support women in finding their optimal method and meeting their family planning goals.METHODSData from 382 heterosexual women aged 18–29 were collected via a 2012 Internet survey. Chi‐square tests and multivariate, multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine relationships between contraceptive features preferred by women and their interest in IUD use.RESULTSForty‐eight percent of women reported being unsure whether they would ever use an IUD; 20% were interested in using one, and 32% were not. In multivariate analyses, characteristics of a contraceptive method found positively associated with IUD interest were the method's not interfering with sexual pleasure (relative risk ratio, 3.4), being 99% effective without user action (2.5) and being effective for up to five years without any user action (3.8). Women who preferred a method that they could see or that would allow them to resume fertility immediately after discontinuation were less likely than those who did not to be interested in using rather than not using an IUD (0.4–0.5).CONCLUSIONSThe findings of this exploratory analysis indicate that women value a multitude of contraceptive features, which may have implications for their interest in using an IUD. Future research should consider the ways that women's contraceptive preferences can be incorporated into contraceptive counseling.
Are women included in history? The debate of micro-history and macro-history in Hou Hsiao-hsien’s film,
A City of Sadness
Authors: Yu-Ting Hung Christine 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Many scholars in the fields of cultural studies, film studies, historical studies and gender studies have discussed Hou Hsiao-hsien’s A City of Sadness, as it is one of the most important films in Taiwanese history. It engages with the February 28 Incident, which was buried in Taiwan’s official history for more than 50 years. Hou’s remaking of the historical films acted as a wake-up call not only for the Taiwanese but also for the government to revisit the seminal incident, to think about the present and to reconsider what the best is for the people of Taiwan in the future. This article focuses on the debate about whether women are included in history, through an analysis of A City of Sadness.
Surface modification of poplar veneer by means of radio frequency oxygen plasma (RF-OP) to improve interfacial adhesion with urea-formaldehyde resin
Authors: Tang Lijuan , Zhang Rong , Wang Xiangming , Yang Xuehui , Zhou Xiaoyan 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The radio frequency oxygen plasma (RF-OP) treatment of wood was in focus, namely the surface properties of poplar veneer has been analyzed as a function of RF-OP treatment power concerning the chemical composition, free radicals, morphology and roughness. In addition, the interfacial adhesion of plywood composites was measured by determining the shear strength. The results show that RF-OP treatment introduced free radicals and polar groups onto the veneer surface, changed the surface morphology, and increased the surface roughness. Shear strength of the composite was improved. It can be concluded that RF-OP treatment is most effective at the optimal treatment power of 200 W.
The influence of sex steroids on adipose tissue growth and function
Authors: Law James , Bloor Ian , Budge Helen , Symonds Michael E. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Obesity remains a major global health concern. Understanding the metabolic influences of the obesity epidemic in the human population on maintenance of a healthy weight and metabolic profile is still of great significance. The importance and role of white adipose tissue has been long established, particularly with excess adiposity. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), however, has only recently been shown to contribute significantly to the metabolic signature of mammals outside the previously recognised role in small mammals and neonates. BAT’s detection in adults has led to a renewed interest and is now considered to be a potential therapeutic target to prevent excess white fat accumulation in obesity, a theory further promoted by the recent discovery of beige fat. Adipose tissue distribution varies significantly between genders. Pre-menopausal females often show enhanced lower and peripheral fat deposition in adiposity deposition compared to the male profile of central and visceral fat accumulation with obesity. This sex disparity is partly attributed to the different effects of sex hormone profiles and interactions on the adipose tissue system. In this review, we explore this intricate relationship and show how modifications in the effects of sex hormones impact on both brown and white adipose tissues. We also discuss the impact of sex hormones on activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and how the three pathways between adiposity, HPA and sex steroids can have a major contribution to the prevention or maintenance of obesity and therefore on overall health.
Recent Developments in the Social and Economic History of Ancient Egypt
Authors: García Juan Carlos Moreno 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Recent developments in Pharaonic social and economic history help provide a more balanced interpretation of ancient Egypt. Landscape research shows the succession of several micro-regions in the Nile Valley. The conditions prevailing in some of these regions show that cattle rearing played a crucial economic role, while mobile populations from Egypt and abroad could lead lifestyles alternative to cereal cultivation. Trade also appears as a largely underestimated activity, where markets, private merchants and agricultural “entrepreneurs” fuelled exchanges not only within Egyptian borders but also abroad. Their role was crucial in the transformation of agrarian produce into wealth while their activities were in many ways autonomous from any institution, including temples or the crown itself. Not surprisingly, the social structure appears less rigidly organized than previously thought. Elites and peasantry, for instance, actually encompassed very distinct social groups whose goals and interests were not always coincident. While the former included not only officials and high dignitaries but also local potentates and chiefs of villages, the latter encompassed a variety of conditions, from poor rural workers and forced labourers to wealthy cultivators and rich peasants. The local power of such sub-elites enabled them to head extensive patronage networks. Their cooperation with the royal administration was crucial for the stability of the monarchy, even if their appearance in official sources is rather elusive. Politics, the negotiation between factions and groups for power, between the core of the kingdom and the provinces, were common practice, quite far in fact from the supposedly autocratic power of pharaohs.
Single-molecule fluorescence imaging by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Knight Alex E. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTotal internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) is a popular illumination technique in microscopy, with many applications in cell and molecular biology and biophysics. The chief advantage of the technique is the high contrast that can be achieved by restricting fluorescent excitation to a thin layer. We summarise the optical theory needed to understand the technique and various aspects required for a practical implementation of it, including the merits of different TIRF geometries. Finally, we discuss a variety of applications including super-resolution microscopy and high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies.
Efficient asymmetric syntheses of alkaloids and medicinally relevant molecules based on heterocyclic chiral building blocks
Authors: Wang Ai-E , Huang Pei-Qiang 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn this report, we present recent progress in synthetic methodologies based on three heterocyclic chiral building blocks developed from our laboratories. The potential of these chiral building block-based methods in the concise asymmetric synthesis of alkaloids and medicinally interesting molecules has been demonstrated by the total syntheses of 8-aza-prostaglandin E1, 11-hydroxylated analogues of the lead compounds CP-734432 and PF-04475270, (+)-castanospermine, (+)-1-epi-castanospermine, 7-deoxy-6-epi-castanospermine as well as 9-epi-sessilifoliamide J.
Bibliometric analysis of research on secondary organic aerosols: Update
Authors: Li Jinfeng , Zhang Yuanhang , Herjavić Glenda , Wine Paul H. , Klasinc Leo 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis study was conceived to evaluate the global scientific output of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) research and to assess the characteristics of the research patterns, tendencies, and methods in the papers. Data were based on the online version of Science Citation Index Expanded from 1990 to 2013. Publications referring to SOA were assessed by distribution of the number of publications and times cited, source journals, h-index, and the most cited publications in these years. By synthetic analysis of author keywords, KeyWords Plus, titles, and abstracts, it was concluded that modeling is currently and will at least over the next decade continue to be the predominant research method to validate state-of-the-art knowledge of SOA, and that the foci of SOA research will be the key precursors terpenes, isoprene, and dicarbonyls; the mechanisms of oxidation and aqueous-phase reactions; emission inventories; and chemical composition. Recent years show growing interest for research on health effects.
Mechanical properties of potassium hydroxide-pretreated Christmas palm fiber-reinforced polyester composites: characterization study, modeling and optimization
Authors: Sundaram S. Kalyana , Jayabal S. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The mechanical properties of Christmas palm-reinforced polyester composite were improved by chemical modification of Christmas palm fibers through alkali treatment. An attempt was made in this investigation to identify the possibility of using potassium hydroxide as alkali solution. The fibers treated with potassium hydroxide aqueous solution at varying solution concentrations and soaking times were reinforced in a polyester matrix and tested for their mechanical properties. The physicochemical interaction between the treated Christmas palm fiber and polyester matrix was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The surface modification of fibers improved the compatibility of fibers with polyester matrix, which, in turn, resulted in better mechanical properties. A nonlinear regression model was developed to predict the mechanical properties of the composites using response surface methodology. The better treatment conditions for optimum mechanical properties were determined using a heuristic optimization method called particle swarm optimization (PSO). The optimized value obtained using the PSO technique was validated through a confirmation test, and the result was found to be significant.
Viscosities and Densities of Phosphonium-Based Ionic Liquids Mixed with Dodecane
Authors: Awwad Nadeen , Liu Xiangyang , Afzal Waheed , Prausnitz John M. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
While phosphonium-based ionic liquids are good solvents for gases,
they have high viscosities. Addition of a diluent like dodecane
significantly lowers the viscosities of the ionic liquids. In the
range 20–90 ℃, viscosities and densities were
measured for binary mixtures of dodecane with one of five
phosphonium-based ionic liquids: Tributylmethylphosphonium
bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate [TMPP-PA],
Tributyltetradecylphosphonium dodecylbenyzenesulfonate [TTDP-DB],
Trimethyloctylphosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate
[TMPP-TP], Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium dicyanamide [TTDP-DC], and
Trihexyltetradecylphophonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphoniate
[TTDP-PA]. For every one of these ionic liquids, addition of
10 wt. % dodecane very much reduces the viscosity but
slightly reduces the density.
Sappho – A Great Poetess of Ancient Greece
Authors: Gu Jie , Qin Jing 
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUND Sappho is an Ancient Greek poetess, whose poetry is well known in western literature and greatly impacts the development of Greek poetry. In the ancient world she was considered to be an equal footing with Homer, acclaimed as the “tenth muse”.
OBJECTIVE This work focuses on the characters of Sappho and her poetry and her impact on Greek literature as well as western culture. The purpose of the study is to help further understand the great poet and better enjoy her works, thus forming a brighter image of Sappho.
METHOD Based on the studies and books of some scholars like Margaret Williamson and Bliss Carman, this paper attempts to adopt a descriptive-analytical method to summarize and analyze Sappho’s identity and her poems, so as to provide a brighter image of this great poet.
CONCLUSION Among the Greek literature stands the great figure-Sappho. There is an inescapable fact that Sappho may have been the greatest poet who ever lived. In antiquity, Sappho was commonly regarded as the greatest, or one of the greatest, of lyric poets. Today, Sappho has set a standard for poetry that has never been exceeded. The work of Sappho has been widely admired and imitated.
Creep Strengthening of Iron-Nickel-Base Superalloy for High-Stress Condition by Cubo-Octahedral Nanoparticles Precipitation
Authors: Li Ming-Yen , Kuo Shih-Ming , Pan Yeong-Tsuen 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTUnder a creep condition of relatively intense stress, dispersive precipitation of TiC nanoparticles could be promptly brought out within the austenite grain when the iron-nickel-base superalloy was fabricated through the specific production of the ingenious alloy design, applicable electro-slag remelting and high-temperature solution-anneal developed in this study. Both the TiC and coexistent M23C6 precipitates are cubo-octahedral in shape, remaining the cube-to-cube orientation relationship and coherent {111}carbide/γ and {100}carbide/γ interphase interface with the austenite, which bring about the dispersion-strengthening effect so that the time to rupture for the present alloy could be increased by 1.8 times of magnitude relative to the commercial creep-resistant product of the same grade. The improved creep property can be attributed to the mechanism that the nanometer-scale intragranular TiC and submicron intergranular M23C6 can act as pinning points for individual dislocations and grain boundaries, respectively, resulting in the raised Orowan strengthening and suppressed grain boundary sliding. Since the strengthening media found in this study are thermally stable and able to emerge readily prior to the formation of γ’ phase at the temperature range studied, this work suggested an improved grade of heat resistant alloy for applications in a relatively harsh environment that the creep lifetime might be shorter than the incubation period of the common strengthening phase for superalloys.
Assessment of Reservoir Saturation Monitoring in Newly Developed Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Alkaba Fatima H. 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
Determining water saturation accurately is the most critical factor in reservoir monitoring projects. Both Pulsed Neutron (PN) and resistivity logs have been extensively used in Saudi Arabia fields on a routine basis to monitor saturation changes and dynamics of reservoir performance. This critical evaluation has been evident in conventional resistivity that is run in every well drilled. The estimation of formation fluid saturation from conventional resistivity logs requires the sufficient knowledge of porosity, Archie exponents and formation water salinity. Resistivity logs read about 10 times deeper than PN logs; making them possibly more representative of reservoir conditions where measurements are taken in the undisturbed zone. With the onset of low salinity water injection and uncertainties of rock electrical properties, resistivity logs lose accuracy.
Recent advances in spectroscopic nuclear techniques have improved accuracy of formation quantification from Carbon/Oxygen ratio (C/O) measurements. This paper examines how C/O log provides better estimation of water saturation when the near wellbore reservoir is free of borehole fluid re-invasion. The ratio responds to the volumes of carbon and oxygen found in formation and borehole, making the evaluation independent of formation salinity, unlike resistivity logs.
This paper presents a study conducted in a giant carbonate field in Saudi Arabia to examine and compare the different techniques of PN logs [inelastic C/O and capture sigma] to quantify water saturation in several observation wells. It was found that: ■C/O saturation led to better representation of saturation.■Sigma is difficult for quantifying saturation.
Additionally, this paper provides recommendations and operational notes for the pre-job planning stage of this PN technology.
Bird Species Diversity of the Mitidja Plain (Northern Algeria) with Emphasis on the Dynamics of Invasive and Expanding Species
Authors: Bendjoudi Djamel , Chenchouni Haroun , Doumandji Salaheddine , Voisin Jean-François 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
This treatise investigates the poorly studied bird fauna of Mitidja Plain (Northern Algeria), with particular notes on the occurrence and expansion of new and alien species. Direct observations, supported by ornithological surveys carried out by Progressive Frequential Sampling (PFS), a version of a point count method, have allowed us to identify 125 bird species. These represent 31% of all species known from Algeria. The species recorded belong to 14 orders, 39 families and 37 genera. According to their biogeographic origins, 36 are Mediterranean, 32 Palearctic, 24 Holarctic, 17 European and 16 of European-Turkestani origin. The Mitidja Plain holds 60 resident-breeder species (48% of all registered species) and is a transit zone for many migratory species (summer and winter migrants constituting 20% and 14% of the total, respectively) and occasional visitors (RA = 12%). Among recently expanding species (introduced or local), the Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto and Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus, sampled by the spot-mapping method, experienced a very rapid population growth. The first observations of the former were made in 1996 in Algiers. Its numbers experienced a steep increase after 2002, starting from 5.75 pairs/10 ha to reach up to 31.5 pairs/10 ha in 2006. The same applies for the Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri, surveyed by direct-count at roosting sites. This species has been able to increase and reproduce since its first introduction into the wild in 1996. The increase in study species populations, especially the Rose-ringed Parakeet, may derive from good weather conditions that favoured the species through providing better feeding conditions, thus high reproduction outcomes.
Population of Tengmalm’s Owl Aegolius Funereus in Kopaonik National Park (Central Serbia)
Authors: Rajković Draženko , Grujić Draško , Novčić Radosav , Mirić Radislav 
Published: July 2014

Abstract
The altitudinal distribution, breeding density and population size of Tengmalm’s Owl Aegolius funereus was studied in Kopaonik National Park (central Serbia) during the 2011 and 2012 breeding seasons. The size of the study area was 24 km2. The survey method applied was a line transect in combination with stop points and playback of territorial male call. During the two-year research project, 37 territories were located. In Kopaonik National Park, Tengmalm’s Owl males inhabit Norway Spruce Picea abies, mixed Norway Spruce-Silver Fir Abies alba and Norway Spruce-European Beech Fagus sylvatica forests in the altitudinal belt stretching between 1,367 and 1,689 m a.s.l. The breeding density in the studied area was 8.3 territories/10 km2 in 2011 and 7.1 territories/10 km2 in 2012. Total population estimate of Tengmalm’s Owl in Kopaonik National Park is substantially higher than previously assumed, its 42-49 breeding territories making it currently the most important breeding site in Serbia.