bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Kinetics of Myelin Antigen Uptake by Myeloid Cells in the Central Nervous System during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Sosa Rebecca A. , Murphey Cathi , Ji Niannian , Cardona Astrid E. , Forsthuber Thomas G. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in susceptible animals requires reactivation of encephalitogenic CD4+ T cells by APCs in the CNS. However, it has remained unresolved from where APCs in the CNS acquire myelin Ag for T cell activation and under which conditions, that is, whether only during EAE or also in the naive CNS. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of myelin Ag uptake by CNS APCs during EAE and in the naive CNS. Our results show that during EAE CX3CR1+CD11b+ microglia were the first APCs in the CNS to contain myelin Ag upon induction of disease, albeit in very small numbers. Dendritic cells (DCs) arrived in the CNS in sizable numbers significantly later (day 5 postimmunization), without detectable myelin Ag, but acquired it by day 7 postimmunization. Furthermore, a sharp increase in neuroantigen-containing DCs coincided with the onset of EAE symptoms. Importantly, in naive mice a low but consistent number of microglia contained myelin Ag, suggesting release by oligodendrocytes under steady state conditions. Although microglia isolated from naive brain and spinal cord did not elicit a strong CD4+ T cell response in vitro, myelin Ag-containing microglia may still play a local role in modulating encephalitogenic CD4+ T cell responses in early EAE prior to the arrival of other professional APCs, such as DCs. Finally, newly arriving DCs in the CNS not yet loaded with myelin Ag before the onset of EAE may be a potential therapeutic target.
BANK1 Controls CpG-Induced IL-6 Secretion via a p38 and MNK1/2/eIF4E Translation Initiation Pathway
Authors: Wu Ying-Yu , Kumar Ramesh , Haque Mohammed Shamsul , Castillejo-López Casimiro , Alarcón-Riquelme Marta E. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBANK1, an adaptor protein expressed in B cells, plays a little understood role in B cell signaling. Because BANK1 contains an N-terminal putative Toll/IL-1R receptor domain, we used mouse Bank1−/− splenic B cells to test whether BANK1 affects signaling induced by the TLR9 agonist CpG. Following CpG stimulation, BANK1 deficiency reduced p38 phosphorylation without affecting that of ERK or JNK and reduced IL-6 secretion. Bank1−/− B cells showed reduced phosphorylation of MNK1/2 and eIF4E, suggesting an effect on translation initiation, whereas Bank1−/− had no effect on IL-6 mRNA stability, thus suggesting that BANK1 has no effect on MK2 signaling. IL-6 secretion observed when CpG stimulation was combined with anti-CD40 was reduced in the absence of BANK1. Whereas in the presence of anti-CD40 stimulation CpG induced a stronger phosphorylation of AKT, mTOR, and 4E-BP1, Bank1−/− had no effect on phosphorylation of mTOR and 4E-BP1, and a weak effect on AKT, implying that BANK1 does not affect the release of eIF4E by phospho–4E-BP1. Taken together, these data establish a previously unrecognized role for BANK1 in CpG-induced responses by splenic B cells on p38 signaling and control of translation initiation of IL-6 via MNK1/2 and eIF4E.
Mast Cells Are Dispensable for Normal and Activin-Promoted Wound Healing and Skin Carcinogenesis
Authors: Antsiferova Maria , Martin Caroline , Huber Marcel , Feyerabend Thorsten B. , Förster Anja , Hartmann Karin , Rodewald Hans-Reimer , Hohl Daniel , Werner Sabine 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The growth and differentiation factor activin A is a key regulator of tissue repair, inflammation, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis. However, the cellular targets, which mediate the different activin functions, are still largely unknown. In this study, we show that activin increases the number of mature mast cells in mouse skin in vivo. To determine the relevance of this finding for wound healing and skin carcinogenesis, we mated activin transgenic mice with CreMaster mice, which are characterized by Cre recombinase-mediated mast cell eradication. Using single- and double-mutant mice, we show that loss of mast cells neither affected the stimulatory effect of overexpressed activin on granulation tissue formation and reepithelialization of skin wounds nor its protumorigenic activity in a model of chemically induced skin carcinogenesis. Furthermore, mast cell deficiency did not alter wounding-induced inflammation and new tissue formation or chemically induced angiogenesis and tumorigenesis in mice with normal activin levels. These findings reveal that mast cells are not major targets of activin during wound healing and skin cancer development and also argue against nonredundant functions of mast cells in wound healing and skin carcinogenesis in general.
Focal Adhesion Kinase Negatively Regulates Lck Function Downstream of the T Cell Antigen Receptor
Authors: Chapman Nicole M. , Connolly Sean F. , Reinl Erin L. , Houtman Jon C. D. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractFocal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a critical regulator of signal transduction in multiple cell types. Although this protein is activated upon TCR engagement, the cellular function that FAK plays in mature human T cells is unknown. By suppressing the function of FAK, we revealed that FAK inhibits TCR-mediated signaling by recruiting C-terminal Src kinase to the membrane and/or receptor complex following TCR activation. Thus, in the absence of FAK, the inhibitory phosphorylation of Lck and/or Fyn is impaired. Together, these data highlight a novel role for FAK as a negative regulator TCR function in human T cells. These results also suggest that changes in FAK expression could modulate sensitivity to TCR stimulation and contribute to the progression of T cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases.
MicroRNAs Transfer from Human Macrophages to Hepato-Carcinoma Cells and Inhibit Proliferation
Authors: Aucher Anne , Rudnicka Dominika , Davis Daniel M. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Recent research has indicated a new mode of intercellular communication facilitated by the movement of RNA between cells. There is evidence that RNA can transfer between cells in a multitude of ways, including in complex with proteins or lipids or in vesicles, including apoptotic bodies and exosomes. However, there remains little understanding of the function of nucleic acid transfer between human cells. In this article, we report that human macrophages transfer microRNAs (miRNAs) to hepato-carcinoma cells (HCCs) in a manner that required intercellular contact and involved gap junctions. Two specific miRNAs transferred efficiently between these cells—miR-142 and miR-223—and both were endogenously expressed in macrophages and not in HCCs. Transfer of these miRNAs influenced posttranscriptional regulation of proteins in HCCs, including decreased expression of reporter proteins and endogenously expressed stathmin-1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor. Importantly, transfer of miRNAs from macrophages functionally inhibited proliferation of these cancerous cells. Thus, these data led us to propose that intercellular transfer of miRNA from immune cells could serve as a new defense against unwanted cell proliferation or tumor growth.
Genèse et description des bibliothèques numériques
Authors: Da Sylva Lyne 
Published: November 2013

Les bibliothèques numériques sont des collections constituées de ressources numériques et des fonctionnalités donnant accès à ces dernières. Cet article décrit d’abord la naissance des bibliothèques numériques, issues de l’informatique mais puisant maintenant aux traditions de plusieurs disciplines et institutions, qui ont chacune un point de vue différent sur celles-ci. Un panorama des bibliothèques numériques existantes est présenté, avec les particularités de chacune. Des enjeux multiples sont soulevés par le développement des bibliothèques numériques : enjeux économiques, technologiques, juridiques, etc. Ces enjeux sont détaillés dans le texte, comme autant de pistes de recherche qui s’ouvrent à la communauté. L’article se termine sur une note prédictive : il évoque les développements prévisibles, selon les perspectives des disciplines et institutions touchées.
Successful Treatment by Balloon Angioplasty Under Portography for Late-Onset Stenosis of Portal Vein After Cadaveric Liver Transplantation
Authors: Shiba Hiroaki , Sadaoka Shunichi , Wakiyama Shigeki , Ishida Yuichi , Misawa Takeyuki , Yanaga Katsuhiko 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
A 69-year-old woman, who underwent cadaveric liver transplantation for non-B, non-C liver cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma in April 2009, was admitted to our hospital because of graft dysfunction. Enhanced computed tomography revealed stenosis of the left branch of the portal vein, obstruction of the right branch of the portal vein at porta hepatis, and esophagogastric varices. Balloon angioplasty of the left branch of the portal vein under transsuperior mesenteric venous portography was performed by minilaparotomy. After dilatation of the left branch of the portal vein, the narrow segment of the portal vein was dilated, which resulted in reduction of collateral circulation. At 7 days after balloon angioplasty, esophageal varices were improved. The patient made a satisfactory recovery, was discharged 8 days after balloon angioplasty, and remains well.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Silver-Coated Dressing, Chlorhexidine Acetate (0.5%), Citric Acid (3%), and Silver Sulfadiazine (1%) for Topical Antibacterial Effects Against the Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infecting Full-Skin Thickness Burn Wounds on Rats
Authors: Yabanoglu Hakan , Basaran Ozgur , Aydogan Cem , Azap Ozlem Kurt , Karakayali Feza , Moray Gokhan 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of four different topical antimicrobial dressings on a multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa contaminated full-thickness burn wound rat model. A total of 40 adult male Wistar albino rats were used. The control group (group 1), silver sulfadiazine (1%) group 2, chlorhexidine acetate (0.5%) group 3, citric acid (3%) group 4, and silver-coated dressing group 5 were compared to assess the antibacterial effects of a daily application to a 30% full-skin thickness burn wound seeded 10 minutes earlier with 108 CFU (colony forming unit)/0.5 mL of a multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain. Five groups (1 control group and 4 treatment groups) were compared. The administration of third-degree burns to all rats was confirmed based on histopathologic data. The tissue cultures from groups 2 and 5 exhibited significant differences compared to those of the other 3 groups, whereas no significant differences were observed between groups 1, 3, and 4. The effectiveness of the treatments was as follows: 1% silver sulfadiazine &gt; silver-coated dressing &gt; 3% citric acid &gt; 0.5% chlorhexidine acetate &gt; control group. Our results supported the efficacy of topical therapy by silver sulfadiazine and silver-coated dressing on infections caused by multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas spp.
Trigger Finger Release With Stepwise Preservation of the A1 Pulley: A Functional Pulley-Preserving Technique
Authors: Niumsawatt Vachara , Mao David , Salerno Stephen , Rozen Warren M. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The first annular (A1) pulley is an important structure of the hand, providing a biomechanical support to the metacarpophalangeal joint and maintaining joint stability and flexor tendon alignment. Albeit uncommon, disruption of this pulley can result in dislocation or ulnar drift of the digit, particularly pronounced in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Despite this, the A1 pulley is commonly divided without reconstruction in trigger finger. Several annular pulley reconstructive techniques have been developed to preserve its function. However, development of recurrent triggering has been observed due to fibrosis, largely due to inadequate release of the pulley. We have developed a technique to increase the volume within the flexor sheath while preserving the A1 pulley by way of stepwise lengthening. This has enabled an increase in the diameter of the pulley to 4 times its original size. A prospective study was performed comprising 10 trigger finger releases with stepwise lengthening of the A1 pulley. In all patients, there were no complications, and good hand function was achieved with no recurrence of triggering at 6 weeks of follow-up. This technique can thus safely achieve trigger release without sacrifice of the function of the A1 pulley.
Stapleless Laparoscopic Splenectomy Using Harmonic Scalpel by 2-Step Sealing
Authors: Fujioka Shuichi , Yoshida Kazuhiko , Okamoto Tomoyoshi , Yanaga Katsuhiko 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) has been accepted as a safe and effective procedure as compared with open splenectomy. Recently, there have been a few reports on the LigaSure vessel sealing system as an alternative hemostasis to clip ligation. Here we report the experience of LS using an alternative energy device, Harmonic Scalpel laparoscopic coagulating shears (LCS). Preliminary experience of LS with LCS for a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is reported. Generally, two-step sealing with LCS was used for vessels of the splenic pedicle approximately 5 mm in diameter without using the Endo-GIA stapler. Operative time was 93 minutes, and blood loss was 40 mL. The patient was discharged on the third postoperative day with no intraoperative or postoperative complications. The LS with LCS was performed safely using two-step sealing. Further experience is necessary to verify the safety of this procedure.
Critical Analysis of Strattice Performance in Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: Intermediate–Risk Patients and Early Complications
Authors: Patel Ketan M. , Albino Frank P. , Nahabedian Maurice Y. , Bhanot Parag 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of a porcine-derived acellular dermal matrix (Strattice Reconstructive Tissue Matrix) in patients at increased risk for perioperative complications. We reviewed medical records for patients with complex abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) and Strattice underlay from 2007 to 2010. Intermediate-risk patients were defined as having multiple comorbidities without abdominal infection. Forty-one patients met the inclusion criteria (mean age, 60 years; mean body mass index, 35.5 kg/m2). Comorbidities included coronary artery disease (63.4%), diabetes mellitus (36.6%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (17.1%). Fascial closure was achieved in 40 patients (97.6%). Average hospitalization was 6.4 days (range, 1–24 days). Complications included seroma (7.3%), wound dehiscence with Strattice exposure (4.9%), cellulitis (2.4%), and hematoma (2.4%). All patients achieved abdominal wall closure with no recurrent hernias or need for Strattice removal. Patients with multiple comorbidities at intermediate risk of postoperative complications can achieve successful, safe AWR with Strattice.
Expression of GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 in Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis Induced a Positive Result on 18F-FDG PET: Report of a Case
Authors: Sawada Shigeaki , Shimada Yutaka , Sekine Shinichi , Shibuya Kazuto , Yoshioka Isaku , Matsui Koshi , Okumura Tomoyuki , Yoshida Toru , Nagata Takuya , Uotani Hideyuki , Tsukada Kazuhiro 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Although several reports have revealed that fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) is useful for differentiating between benign and malignant lesions in the gallbladder, the positive results of 18F-FDG PET are not specific for malignancy because 18F-FDG is also accumulated in inflammatory lesions. It is known that the most important pathway for 18F-FDG to enter the cell body is mediated by the facilitative glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) through GLUT-3. We herein present a case of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) with a positive result on 18F-FDG PET. In this case, GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 were both positively expressed in inflammatory cells at the gallbladder wall of XGC and this is the first report to reveal GLUT expression in XGC. This report reveals that surgeons should carefully consider the appropriate treatment of gallbladder tumor, even with a positive result on 18F-FDG PET.
Characteristics of water‐soluble inorganic and organic ions in aerosols over the Southern Ocean and coastal East Antarctica during austral summer
Authors: Xu Guojie , Gao Yuan , Lin Qi , Li Wei , Chen Liqi 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTo characterize the concentrations and size distributions of water‐soluble organic and inorganic aerosol species, including Na+, non‐sea‐salt sulfate (nss SO42−), methane sulfonate (MSA), oxalate, and succinate, over the Southern Ocean (SO) and coastal East Antarctica (CEA), bulk and size‐segregated aerosols were collected from 40°S, 100°E to 69°S, 76°E and between 69°S, 76°E and 66°S, 110°E during a cruise from November 2010 to March 2011. Results show that sea salt was the major component of the total aerosol mass, accounting for 72% over the SO and 56% over CEA. The average concentrations of nss SO42− varied from 420 ng m−3 over the SO to 480 ng m−3 over CEA. The concentrations of MSA ranged from 63 to 87 ng m−3 over the SO and from 46 to 170 ng m−3 in CEA. The average concentrations of oxalate were 3.8 ng m−3 over the SO and 2.2 ng m−3 over CEA. The concentrations of formate, acetate, and succinate were lower than those of oxalate. A bimodal size distribution of aerosol mass existed over CEA, peaking at 0.32–0.56 µm and 3.2–5.6 µm. MSA was accumulated in particles of 0.32–0.56 µm over CEA. High chloride depletion was associated with fine‐mode particles enriched with nss SO42−, MSA, and oxalate. Higher cation‐to‐anion and NH4+/nss SO42− ratios in aerosols over CEA compared to that over the SO imply the higher neutralization capacity of the marine atmosphere over CEA.
Extenuating Circumstances: Salvaged Landscape
Authors: Newell Catie 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBuilt outside legislative guidelines and established construction procedures in the derelict and feral environment of Detroit, Salvaged Landscapes is a true product of transgression. As Catie Newell, founding principal of *Alibi Studio, explains, its making and unmaking was as dependent on the intentions of the designers as the local propensity for arson.
Architecture and Transgression: An Interview with Bernard Tschumi
Authors: Mosley Jonathan , Sara Rachel 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAlmost four decades ago, the influential architect and educator Bernard Tschumi wrote the seminal manifesto ‘Architecture and Transgression’. Here, Guest‐Editors Jonathan Mosley and Rachel Sara revisit with Tschumi his original thesis, investigating how his thinking has evolved around transgression and its aptness for the world today.
Not Doing/Overdoing: ‘Omission’ and ‘Excess’ – Lacaton & Vassal's Place Léon Aucoc, Bordeaux, and Construire's Le Channel, Scène Nationale de Calais, Calais
Authors: Wilson Robin 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIs there any allegiance between the formal and the transgressive? Here architectural author and educator Robin Wilson explores two French projects by Lacaton & Vassal and Construire: the former being as pared back as the latter is exuberant. He investigates how despite the great variance in their aesthetic impact, they share ‘transgressive positions and a questioning approach to architectural production’.
Occupied Space
Authors: Rice Louis 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWith the rapid privatisation of urban space worldwide, architecture has become an increasingly political issue. The Occupy Movement, which set up encampments in over half the cities in the world during 2011 to protest against social and economic inequality, understood the power of physical occupation. Architect and lecturer Louis Rice describes how the potency of such expression lies not in its form – temporary tents and makeshift structures – but in its potential to challenge the current power base and reconceptualise the city.
An Architecture of Exception: Transgressing the Everyday – Superflex's Flooded McDonald's
Authors: Mosley Jonathan 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn Flooded McDonald's, a film by Danish artists' collective Superflex, the familiar sight of the fast‐food restaurant is replaced by ‘a slowly emerging apocalyptical composition’, as the interior floods, objects are displaced and the retail space fills with water. Jonathan Mosley describes how this destabilised and other disaster‐invoked visions of architecture – structures and spaces breaking down – enable us to use our imagination to test the parameters of the everyday.
Transgression in and of the City
Authors: Altay Can 
Published: November 2013

AbstractFor Turkish artist and educator Can Altay ‘today's cities are full of limits’. This unevenness can be regarded as the manifestation of current investment patterns and political and cultural conflicts. Does, however, transgression offer opportunities to subvert this? Is it possible for a city's inhabitants, artists and architects to open up boundaries and through the power of presence to intervene in the status quo?
Urban Disturbance: Urban Intrusions of the office for subversive architecture (osa)
Authors: Beckefeld Ulrich , Huneck Karsten 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe work of the office for subversive architecture (osa) ‘crosses boundaries by thinking beyond, or further than others’. For the office's Ulrich Beckefeld and Karsten Huneck, transgression is both a conceptual and practical tool. For the work to communicate effectively, it has to stretch expectations and question norms. The urban public spaces within which they intervene are also the most tightly controlled areas of any city, which requires a subtle but pragmatic disregard for regulations.
City as Skin: Urban Imaginaries of Flesh and Fantasy
Authors: Loeffler Silvia 
Published: November 2013

AbstractLike a human body patterned with tattoos, any city's public spaces are commonly covered with inscriptions. Artist and educator Silvia Loeffler describes how subversive and unauthorised interventions, such as graffiti, can be perceived as urban expressions of a ‘sexscape’ or body made of flesh, which emanate ‘forms of longing and a dimension of the social’.
In Praise of Transgression: The Work of Didier Faustino/Bureau de Mésarchitectures
Authors: Faustino Didier 
Published: November 2013

AbstractArchitect/artist Didier Faustino regards transgression as a means of survival for a service profession, such as architecture, which is effectively up for hire. By illustrating examples of his own work he argues that the lifeblood of practice must be transgression, challenging all established parameters in order to fulfill the brief and explore a disruptive and often disturbing in‐between space.
Ashes Thrown to the Wind: The Elusive Nature of Transgression
Authors: Littlefield David 
Published: November 2013

AbstractTransgression is not absolute. What constitutes a transgression is forever in flux, being redefined with the mores of society. The potential for transgression also does not halt with the completion of a building. David Littlefield examines the temporal character of transgression in relation to lived‐in buildings, and the manner in which transgression lodges itself between a building and an idea. Here transgression is a byproduct of the occupiers rather than their makers, sometimes to the extent that a building can take on unbearably horrific associations.
Transgression, Innovation, Politics
Authors: Schumacher Patrik 
Published: November 2013

AbstractAs partner at Zaha Hadid Architects, Patrik Schumacher has become renowned for his substantial role in taking an experimental practice to a global level. Here he argues for some qualification in the way that transgression might be employed in architecture: Where should transgression stand in relation to a cycle of innovation? Should progress take uneven revolutionary leaps or a smooth accumulative path? By looking outside itself and engaging in political debate, could the architecture of transgression, in fact, be doing no more than burdening the discipline?