bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Stabilization of (CuX)n Clusters (X: Cl, Br, I; N: 2, 4, 5, 6, 8) in Mono‐ and Dithioether‐Containing Layered Coordination Polymers
Authors: Harvey Pierre D. , Knorr Michael 
Published: August 2015

AbstractReview: 64 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactivity and Diverse Synthetic Applications of Acyl Isothiocyanates
Authors: Bedane Kibrom G. , Singh Girija S. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractReview: to the synthesis of biologically important heterocyclic skeletons such as highy functionalized thiazoles, thiadiazoles, triazoles, benzimidazoles, dithiolane, spiro‐fused oxazolines, triazines, and oxazines; 95 refs.
New Sustainable Model of Biorefineries: Biofactories and Challenges of Integrating Bio‐ and Solar Refineries
Authors: Abate Salvatore , Lanzafame Paola , Perathoner Siglinda , Centi Gabriele 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe new scenario for sustainable (low‐carbon) chemical and energy production drives the development of new biorefinery concepts (indicated as biofactories) with chemical production at the core, but flexible and small‐scale production. An important element is also the integration of solar energy and CO2 use within biobased production. This concept paper, after shortly introducing the motivation and recent trends in this area, particularly at the industrial scale, and some of the possible models (olefin and intermediate/high‐added‐value chemicals production), discusses the opportunities and needs for research to address the challenge of integrating bio‐ and solar refineries. Aspects discussed regard the use of microalgae and CO2 valorization in biorefineries/biofactories by chemo‐ or biocatalysis, including possibilities for their synergetic cooperation and symbiosis, as well as integration within the agroenergy value chain.
Water‐Soluble Iridium‐NHC‐Phosphine Complexes as Catalysts for Chemical Hydrogen Batteries Based on Formate
Authors: Horváth Henrietta , Papp Gábor , Szabolcsi Roland , Kathó Ágnes , Joó Ferenc 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMolecular hydrogen, obtained by water electrolysis or photocatalytic water splitting, can be used to store energy obtained from intermittent sources such as wind and solar power. The storage and safe transportation of H2, however, is an open and central question in such a hydrogen economy. Easy‐to‐synthesize, water‐soluble iridium‐N‐heterocyclic carbene‐phosphine (IrI‐NHC‐phosphine) catalysts show unprecedented high catalytic activity in dehydrogenation of aqueous sodium formate. Fast reversible generation and storage of hydrogen can be achieved with these catalysts by a simple decrease or increase in the hydrogen pressure, respectively.
Investigating the frequency for load‐independent output voltage in three‐coil inductive power transfer system
Authors: Sun Longzhao , Tang Houjun , Yao Chen 
Published: August 2015

SummaryUsing circuit theory, this letter investigates the output voltage characteristics of three‐coil inductive power transfer (IPT) system against load variations and determines the operating frequency to achieve a constant output voltage. First, a three‐coil IPT system is modeled, and the analytical expression of the root‐mean‐square of the output voltage is derived. By substituting the coupling coefficient, the quality factor, and the resonant frequency, we propose an intuitive method of calculating the frequency for load‐independent output voltage for the first time. When the coupling coefficient is relatively small, there are three frequencies that achieve load‐independent output voltage. If the coupling coefficient increases and is greater than
, only two frequencies can achieve load‐independent output voltage. Experiments are conducted to confirm these conclusions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pain‐associated stressor exposure and neuroendocrine values for premature infants in neonatal intensive care
Authors: Rohan Annie J. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTRecurrent stress during neonatal intensive care taxes the adaptive capacity of the premature infant and may be a risk factor for suboptimal developmental outcomes. This research used a descriptive, cross‐sectional design and a life course perspective to examine the relationship between resting adrenocorticoid values at 37 postmenstrual weeks of age and cumulative pain‐associated stressor exposure in prematurely born infants. Subjects were 59 infants born at under 35 completed weeks of gestation, who were at least 2 weeks of age, and who had been cared for in the NICU since birth. No significant relationships were identified between cortisol values and any of the study variables (number of skin breaking procedures, hours of assisted ventilation, gestational age at birth, exposure to antenatal steroids, history of severe academia, birthweight, days of age to attain birthweight, weight at testing, days of age at testing, recent pain‐associated procedures, and 17‐OHP value). A significant negative correlation (Spearman rank, one‐tailed) between the number of skin‐breaking procedures and 17‐OHP values was identified (r = −.232, p = .039). Recurrent pain‐associated stressor exposure may be a more important factor in explaining the variance of 17‐OHP values at 37 postmenstrual weeks of age than birthweight, gestational age, or chronological age. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58:60–70, 2016.
Mining from transcriptomes: 315 single‐copy orthologous genes concatenated for the phylogenetic analyses of Orchidaceae
Authors: Deng Hua , Zhang Guo‐Qiang , Lin Min , Wang Yan , Liu Zhong‐Jian 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPhylogenetic relationships are hotspots for orchid studies with controversial standpoints. Traditionally, the phylogenies of orchids are based on morphology and subjective factors. Although more reliable than classic phylogenic analyses, the current methods are based on a few gene markers andPCRamplification, which are labor intensive and cannot identify the placement of some species with degenerated plastid genomes. Therefore, a more efficient, labor‐saving and reliable method is needed for phylogenic analysis. Here, we present a method of orchid phylogeny construction using transcriptomes. Ten representative species covering five subfamilies of Orchidaceae were selected, and 315 single‐copy orthologous genes extracted from the transcriptomes of these organisms were applied to reconstruct a more robust phylogeny of orchids. This approach provided a rapid and reliable method of phylogeny construction for Orchidaceae, one of the most diversified family of angiosperms. We also showed the rigorous systematic position of holomycotrophic species, which has previously been difficult to determine because of the degenerated plastid genome. We concluded that the method presented in this study is more efficient and reliable than methods based on a few gene markers for phylogenic analyses, especially for the holomycotrophic species or those whoseDNAsequences have been difficult to amplify. Meanwhile, a total of 315 single‐copy orthologous genes of orchids are offered and more informative loci could be used in the future orchid phylogenetic studies.
An Insight into Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions Catalysed by Iridium(III) Bis‐N‐heterocyclic Carbenes
Authors: García Nestor , Jaseer E. A. , Munarriz Julen , Sanz Miguel Pablo J. , Polo Victor , Iglesias Manuel , Oro Luis A. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractA variety of [M(L)2(L′)2{κC,C′‐bis(NHC)}]BF4 complexes (M = Rh or Ir; L = CH3CN or wingtip group; L′ = I– or CF3COO–; NHC=N‐heterocyclic carbene) have been tested as pre‐catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones and imines. The conversions and TOF's obtained are closely related to the nature of the ligand system and metal centre, more strongly coordinating wingtip groups yielding more active and recyclable catalysts. Theoretical calculations at the DFT level support a classic stepwise metal‐hydride pathway against the concerted Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley (MPV) mechanism. The calculated catalytic cycle involves a series of ligand rearrangements due to the high trans effect of the carbene and hydrido ligands, which are more stable when situated in mutual cis positions. The reaction profiles obtained for the complexes featuring an iodide or a trifluoroacetate in one of the apical positions agree well with the relative activity observed for both catalysts.
The impact of different procedures to arouse mortality awareness on various worldview dimensions
Authors: Echebarria Echabe Agustin , Perez Saioa 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAn experimental study was carried out in order to explore two aspects of the terror management theory that have received little attention until now. The first objective was to see whether the different procedures to arouse mortality awareness have the same effects in certain dimensions included within the general construct of ‘worldviews’ (namely, commitment to life‐after‐death beliefs, Eurocentrism and xenophobia, European identity and the importance attached to the family and offspring in personal growth). The second objective was to study the role played by three mediators (emotions, death‐thoughts accessibility and self‐esteem) in the effects of mortality awareness on worldviews. The results revealed that different death reminders influenced different worldview dimensions and that emotions played a major role in the process.
Temperament and Personality in Bariatric Surgery—Resisting Temptations?
Authors: Claes Laurence , Müller Astrid 
Published: August 2015

AbstractTemperament and personality traits can serve as both risk factors as well as protective factors in the development of morbid obesity. In the present review, we present an overview of studies focusing on the relationship between temperament/personality and morbid obesity in pre‐operative and postoperative bariatric surgery patients. We consider studies that focus on both a categorical and dimensional point of view on temperament/personality, as well as studies based on cross‐sectional and longitudinal designs. Finally, we will integrate the research findings, discuss the implications for assessment and treatment and formulate suggestions for future research. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Adsorption and degradation of phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides in soils: A review
Authors: Paszko Tadeusz , Muszyński Paweł , Materska Małgorzata , Bojanowska Monika , Kostecka Małgorzata , Jackowska Izabella 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

The primary aim of the present review on phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides—2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid (2,4-D), 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) acetic acid (MCPA), (2R)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) propanoic acid (dichlorprop-P), (2R)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) propanoic acid (mecoprop-P), 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) butanoic acid (2,4-DB), and 4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) butanoic acid (MCPB)—was to compare the extent of their adsorption in soils and degradation rates to assess their potential for groundwater contamination. The authors found that adsorption decreased in the sequence of 2,4-DB &gt; 2,4-D &gt; MCPA &gt; dichlorprop-P &gt; mecoprop-P. Herbicides are predominantly adsorbed as anions—on organic matter and through a water-bridging mechanism with adsorbed Fe cations—and their neutral forms are adsorbed mainly on organic matter. Adsorption of anions of 2,4-D, MCPA, dichlorprop-P, and mecoprop-P is inversely correlated with their lipophilicity values, and modeling of adsorption of the compounds based on this relationship is possible. The predominant dissipation mechanism of herbicides in soils is bacterial degradation. The contribution of other mechanisms, such as degradation by fungi, photodegradation, or volatilization from soils, is much smaller. The rate of bacterial degradation decreased in the following order: 2,4-D &gt; MCPA &gt; mecoprop-P &gt; dichlorprop-P. It was found that 2,4-D and MCPA have the lowest potential for leaching into groundwater and that mecoprop-P and dichlorprop-P have slightly higher potential. Because of limited data on adsorption and degradation of 2,4-DB and MCPB, estimation of their leaching potential was not possible. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:271–286. © 2015 SETAC
Development and comparison of four methods for the extraction of antibiotics from a vegetative matrix
Authors: Sallach J. Brett , Snow Daniel , Hodges Laurie , Li Xu , Bartelt-Hunt Shannon 
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Studies have shown the potential for antibiotic uptake into food crops from irrigation water and soils containing pharmaceuticals. The objective of the present study was to develop and compare methods quantifying uptake of antibiotics in food crops. Four methods were evaluated: freeze-and-thaw cell lysing, mechanical maceration, tissue sonication, and microwave-assisted solvent extraction. Four antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, lincomycin, oxytetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole) were tested representing 4 classes of antibiotics. The methods were evaluated based on method detection limits, analyte recoveries, and sample preparation time. The 2 most viable methods, freeze-and-thaw lysing and mechanical maceration, were used on replicate lettuce (Lactuca sativa) samples grown using irrigation water spiked with 3 of the antibiotic contaminants. Only lincomycin and sulfamethoxazole were detected in lettuce samples at concentrations as high as 1757 ng/g and 425 ng/g, with detection limits of 57 ng/g and 35 ng/g, respectively. Freeze-and-thaw cell lysing provided the highest level of extraction efficiency on environmental samples and required the least amount of sample preparation while providing adequate detection limits and reproducible analyte recovery. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:889–897. © 2015 SETAC
Connectivity‐based whole brain dual parcellation by group ICA reveals tract structures and decreased connectivity in schizophrenia
Authors: Wu Lei , Calhoun Vince D. , Jung Rex E. , Caprihan Arvind 
Published: August 2015

AbstractMapping brain connectivity based on neuroimaging data is a promising new tool for understanding brain structure and function. In this methods paper, we demonstrate that group independent component analysis (GICA) can be used to perform a dual parcellation of the brain based on its connectivity matrix (cmICA). This dual parcellation consists of a set of spatially independent source maps, and a corresponding set of paired dual maps that define the connectivity of each source map to the brain. These dual maps are called the connectivity profiles of the source maps. Traditional analysis of connectivity matrices has been used previously for brain parcellation, but the present method provides additional information on the connectivity of these segmented regions. In this paper, the whole brain structural connectivity matrices were calculated on a 5 mm3 voxel scale from diffusion imaging data based on the probabilistic tractography method. The effect of the choice of the number of components (30 and 100) and their stability were examined. This method generated a set of spatially independent components that are consistent with the canonical brain tracts provided by previous anatomic descriptions, with the high order model yielding finer segmentations. The corpus‐callosum example shows how this method leads to a robust parcellation of a brain structure based on its connectivity properties. We applied cmICA to study structural connectivity differences between a group of schizophrenia subjects and healthy controls. The connectivity profiles at both model orders showed similar regions with reduced connectivity in schizophrenia patients. These regions included forceps major, right inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, thalamic radiation, and corticospinal tract. This paper provides a novel unsupervised data‐driven framework that summarizes the information in a large global connectivity matrix and tests for brain connectivity differences. It has the potential for capturing important brain changes related to disease in connectivity‐based disorders. Hum Brain Mapp 36:4681–4701, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ramsey Number of a Connected Triangle Matching
Authors: Gyárfás András , Sárközy Gábor N. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractWe determine the 2‐color Ramsey number of a connected
triangle matching that is any connected graph containing n vertex disjoint triangles. We obtain that , somewhat larger than in the classical result of Burr, Erdős, and Spencer for a triangle matching, . The motivation is to determine the Ramsey number of the square of a cycle . We apply our Ramsey result for connected triangle matchings to show that the Ramsey number of an “almost” square of a cycle (a cycle of length n in which all but at most a constant number c of short diagonals are present) is asymptotic to .
Patient financial responsibility for observation care
Authors: Kangovi Shreya , Cafardi Susannah G. , Smith Robyn A. , Kulkarni Raina , Grande David 
Published: August 2015

BACKGROUNDAs observation care grows, Medicare beneficiaries are increasingly likely to revisit observation care instead of being readmitted. This trend has potential financial implications for Medicare beneficiaries because observation care—although typically hospital based—is classified as an outpatient service. Beneficiaries who are readmitted pay the inpatient deductible only once per benefit period. In contrast, beneficiaries who have multiple care episodes under observations status are subject to coinsurance at every stay and could accrue higher cumulative costs.OBJECTIVESWe were interested in answering the question: Do Medicare beneficiaries who revisit observation care pay more than they would have had they been readmitted?DESIGNWe used a 20% sample of the Medicare Outpatient Standard Analytic File (2010–2012) to determine the total cumulative financial liability for Medicare beneficiaries who revisit observation care multiple times within a 60‐day period.PARTICIPANTSParticipants were fee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries who had Part A and Part B coverage for a full calendar year (or until death) during the study period.MEASUREMENTSOur primary measure was beneficiary financial responsibility for facilities fees.RESULTSOn average, beneficiaries with multiple observation stays in a 60‐day period had a cumulative financial liability of $947.40 (803.62), which is significantly lower than the $1100 inpatient deductible (P < 0.01). However, 26.6% of these beneficiaries had a cumulative financial liability that exceeded the inpatient deductible.CONCLUSIONSMore than a quarter of Medicare beneficiaries with multiple observation stays in a 60‐day time period have a higher financial liability than they would have had under Part A benefits. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2015;10:718–723. © 2015 Society of Hospital Medicine
Intensity modulated radiotherapy and 3D conformal radiotherapy for whole breast irradiation: a comparative dosimetric study and introduction of a novel qualitative index for plan evaluation, the normal tissue index
Authors: Yim Jackie , Suttie Clare , Bromley Regina , Morgia Marita , Lamoury Gillian 
Published: August 2015

AbstractIntroductionWe report on a retrospective dosimetric study, comparing 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and hybrid intensity modulated radiotherapy (hIMRT). We evaluated plans based on their planning target volume coverage, dose homogeneity, dose to organs at risk (OARs) and exposure of normal tissue to radiation. The Homogeneity Index (HI) was used to assess the dose homogeneity in the target region, and we describe a new index, the normal tissue index (NTI), to assess the dose in the normal tissue inside the tangent treatment portal.MethodsPlans were generated for 25 early‐stage breast cancer patients, using a hIMRT technique. These were compared with the 3DCRT plans of the treatment previously received by the patients. Plan quality was evaluated using the HI, NTI and dose to OARs.ResultsThe hIMRT technique was significantly more homogenous than the 3DCRT technique, while maintaining target coverage. The hIMRT technique was also superior at minimising the amount of tissue receiving D105% and above (P < 0.0001). The ipsilateral lung and contralateral breast maximum were significantly lower in the hIMRT plans (P < 0.05 and P < 0.005), but the 3DCRT technique achieved a lower mean heart dose in left‐sided breast cancer patients (P < 0.05).ConclusionHybrid intensity modulated radiotherapy plans achieved improved dose homogeneity compared to the 3DCRT plans and superior outcome with regard to dose to normal tissues. We propose that the addition of both HI and NTI in evaluating the quality of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) breast plans provides clinically relevant comparators which more accurately reflect the new paradigm of treatment goals and outcomes in the era of breast IMRT.
Reconstruction of full high‐resolution HSQC using signal split in aliased spectra
Authors: Foroozandeh Mohammadali , Jeannerat Damien 
Published: August 2015

AbstractResolution enhancement is a long‐sought goal in NMR spectroscopy. In conventional multidimensional NMR experiments, such as the 1H‐13C HSQC, the resolution in the indirect dimensions is typically 100 times lower as in 1D spectra because it is limited by the experimental time. Reducing the spectral window can significantly increase the resolution but at the cost of ambiguities in frequencies as a result of spectral aliasing. Fortunately, this information is not completely lost and can be retrieved using methods in which chemical shifts are encoded in the aliased spectra and decoded after processing to reconstruct high‐resolution 1H‐13C HSQC spectrum with full spectral width and a resolution similar to that of 1D spectra. We applied a new reconstruction method, RHUMBA (reconstruction of high‐resolution using multiplet built on aliased spectra), to spectra obtained from the differential evolution for non‐ambiguous aliasing‐HSQC and the new AMNA (additional modulation for non‐ambiguous aliasing)‐HSQC experiments. The reconstructed spectra significantly facilitate both manual and automated spectral analyses and structure elucidation based on heteronuclear 2D experiments. The resolution is enhanced by two orders of magnitudes without the usual complications due to spectral aliasing. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical and experimental 15N NMR study of enamine–imine tautomerism of 4‐trifluoromethyl[b]benzo‐1,4‐diazepine system
Authors: Semenov Valentin A. , Samultsev Dmitry O. , Rulev Alexander Yu. , Krivdin Leonid B. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe tautomeric structure of 4‐trifluoromethyl[b]benzo‐1,4‐diazepine system in solution has been evaluated by means of the calculation of 15N NMR chemical shifts of individual tautomers in comparison with the averaged experimental shifts to show that the enamine–imine equilibrium is entirely shifted toward the imine form. The adequacy of the theoretical level used for the computation of 15N NMR chemical shifts in this case has been verified based on the benchmark calculations in the series of the push–pull and captodative enamines together with related azomethynes, which demonstrated a good to excellent agreement with experiment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.