bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions between nanoparticles and lung surfactant investigated by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Chhoden Tashi , Clausen Per Axel , Larsen Søren T. , Nørgaard Asger W. , Lauritsen Frants R. 
Published: April 2015

RationaleInhaled nanoparticles may cause adverse effects due to inactivation of lung surfactants. We have studied how three different nanoparticles interact with dipalmitoyl‐phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), the main component in lung surfactant.MethodsDPPC in solution was mixed with a suspension of nanoparticles, both in organic solvent, and allowed to interact for 40 min under conditions partly resembling the alveolar lining. Nanoparticles were isolated by centrifugation, washed, and re‐suspended in ethanol/water 1:1 (v/v). The resulting solution was analyzed by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOFMS) using dihydroxybenzoic acid as matrix.ResultsThe developed methodology was successfully applied for quantitative detection of phospholipid lung surfactant bound to three different types of nanoparticles. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles had a strong affinity for binding of lipid lung surfactant in contrast to pristine and methylated silica nanoparticles. When the concentration of lipid surfactant was raised in the reaction mixture, the titanium dioxide nanoparticles showed an apparently non‐linear binding process.ConclusionsThis work demonstrates that MALDI‐TOFMS can be used for direct determination of the binding of surfactant lipids to nanoparticles and represents an important initial step towards a simple and quantitative in vitro method for assessment of interactions of nanoparticles with lung surfactants. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Producing absorption mode Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra with non‐quadratic phase correction functions
Authors: Kilgour David P. A. , Nagornov Konstantin O. , Kozhinov Anton N. , Zhurov Konstantin O. , Tsybin Yury O. 
Published: April 2015

RationalePreviously described methods for producing absorption mode Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectra have all relied on the phase correction function being quadratic. This assumption has been found to be invalid for some instruments and spectra and so it has not been possible to produce absorption mode spectra for these cases.MethodsThe Autophaser algorithm has been adapted to allow nth order polynomial phase correction functions to be optimized. The data was collected on a modified Thermo LTQ FTICR mass spectrometer, using electrospray ionization and a novel ICR cell design (NADEL). Peak assignment and mass calibration were undertaken using the pyFTMS framework.ResultsAn nth‐order phase correction function has been used to produce an absorption mode mass spectrum of the maltene fraction of a crude oil sample which was not possible using the previous assumption that the phase correction function must be quadratic. Data processing for this spectrum in absorption mode has shown the expected benefits in terms of increasing the number of assigned peaks and also improving the mass accuracy (i.e. confidence) of the assignments.ConclusionsIt is possible to phase‐correct time‐domain data in FTICRMS to yield absorption mode mass spectra representation even when the data does not correspond to the theoretical quadratic phase correction function predicted by previous studies. This will allow a larger proportion of spectra to be processed in absorption mode. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sustainable Development in Energy Policy: A Governance Assessment of Environmental Stakeholder Inclusion in Waste‐to‐Energy
Authors: McCauley Darren 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe inclusion of environmental interest groups in policy‐making is said to provide greater legitimacy (Bernauer and Gampfer, 2013), accountability (Feldman and Blokov, 2009), new policy preferences (Bunea, 2013) and, ultimately, pro‐environmental outcomes (Bohmelt and Betzold, 2013). This paper focuses on the development of inclusive governance structures and processes (with regard to environmental interests) in waste‐to‐energy policy designed to facilitate pro‐environmental outcomes in the generation of 'clean' renewable energy within the national context of France. Empirically, the paper argues that change in long‐term exclusionary patterns in energy policy remains enduringly weak. Normatively, environmental 'inclusivity' (i.e. the construction of meaningful pluralistic structures and processes) as a mechanism for achieving the prioritization of environmental concerns should become a central objective for energy policy, and more generally in the environmental policy integration literature. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
What do i want? The effects of individual aspiration and relational capability on collaboration preferences
Authors: Schillebeeckx Simon J. D. , Chaturvedi Sankalp , George Gerard , King Zella 
Published: April 2015

Research summary: We examine individuals' collaboration preferences in the Knowledge Transfer Network (KTN) for the UK plastics electronics sector. Using conjoint analysis, we investigate how aspiration gaps and relational capability affect the value placed on potential organizational collaborations. Aspiration gaps reflect individuals' perception of whether they are ahead of or behind peers on their career trajectory, and relational capability captures three distinct dimensions: networking skills, openness to collaborate, and network awareness. Our findings suggest that positive and negative aspiration gaps augment preferences to form organizational partnerships. These effects are positively moderated by networking skills and openness and negatively moderated by network awareness. We discuss the implications of these findings for theories of partnership formation, scientific collaboration, and behavioral strategy.Managerial summary: University–industry collaboration is important to the creation and application of new knowledge. Such collaboration requires individuals of different backgrounds to work together, which can be difficult. We investigate what drives individuals' preferences to collaborate. We find that individuals who consider themselves ahead of or behind their peers are more favorable toward collaboration. We also find that networking skill and openness augment this positive collaboration disposition whereas awareness of the network members makes one more selective and reduces the proclivity to collaborate. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neural Stem Cells in the Adult Subventricular Zone Oxidize Fatty Acids to Produce Energy and Support Neurogenic Activity
Authors: Stoll Elizabeth A. , Makin Rebecca , Sweet Ian R. , Trevelyan Andrew J. , Miwa Satomi , Horner Philip J. , Turnbull Douglass M. 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Neural activity is tightly coupled to energy consumption, particularly sugars such as glucose. However, we find that, unlike mature neurons and astrocytes, neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) do not require glucose to sustain aerobic respiration. NSPCs within the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) express enzymes required for fatty acid oxidation and show sustained increases in oxygen consumption upon treatment with a polyunsaturated fatty acid. NSPCs also demonstrate sustained decreases in oxygen consumption upon treatment with etomoxir, an inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation. In addition, etomoxir decreases the proliferation of SVZ NSPCs without affecting cellular survival. Finally, higher levels of neurogenesis can be achieved in aged mice by ectopically expressing proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α), a factor that increases cellular aerobic capacity by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic gene transcription. Regulation of metabolic fuel availability could prove a powerful tool in promoting or limiting cellular proliferation in the central nervous system. Stem Cells 2015;33:2306–2319
Comparison of the near‐wake between actuator‐line simulations and a simplified vortex model of a horizontal‐axis wind turbine
Authors: Sarmast Sasan , Segalini Antonio , Mikkelsen Robert F. , Ivanell Stefan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe flow around an isolated horizontal‐axis wind turbine is estimated by means of a new vortex code based on the Biot–Savart law with constant circulation along the blades. The results have been compared with numerical simulations where the wind turbine blades are replaced with actuator lines. Two different wind turbines have been simulated: one with constant circulation along the blades, to replicate the vortex method approximations, and the other with a realistic circulation distribution, to compare the outcomes of the vortex model with real operative wind‐turbine conditions (Tjæreborg wind turbine). The vortex model matched the numerical simulation of the turbine with constant blade circulation in terms of the near‐wake structure and local forces along the blade. The results from the Tjæreborg turbine case showed some discrepancies between the two approaches, but overall, the agreement is qualitatively good, validating the analytical method for more general conditions. The present results show that a simple vortex code is able to provide an estimation of the flow around the wind turbine similar to the actuator‐line approach but with a negligible computational effort. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality of Life After Living Donor Hepatectomy for Liver Transplantation
Authors: Bhatti Abu Bakar Hafeez , Zia Haseeb , Dar Faisal Saud , Zia Mariam Qasim , Nasir Amara , Saif Farah , WahabYousafzai Abdul , Imtiaz Farah , Salih Mohammad , Shah Najmul Hassan 
Published: April 2015

AbstractBackground
Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) involves healthy individuals undergoing voluntary major hepatic resection. LDLT program only started in 2012 in Pakistan and its impact on donor’s quality of life (QOL) post resection is not known. The objective of this study was to determine health‐related QOL in donors who underwent hepatectomy in country’s first liver transplant program.MethodsA total of 60 donors who underwent hepatectomy between 2012 and 2014 with a minimum follow‐up of 6 months were included in the study. Short form (SF‐36) and Profile of mood states (POMS‐65) was used to assess QOL. In addition scores were compared between patients who did and did not develop complications.ResultMean time duration between hepatectomy and administration of questionnaire was 15 ± 5.1 months. Median age was 28 (19–45) years. Mean BMI was 24.4 ± 3.7. A total of 7 (11.6 %) Grade 3 and above complications were observed in donors. Donors exceeded a score of 90 in 6 out of 8 evaluated categories on SF‐36. The highest mean score was recorded for emotional role limitation 95.5 ± 17.1 and lowest for energy 84.8 ± 17.5. The mean score for anger was 6.6 ± 7.5. Donors also did well on the POMS vigor score with a mean of 22.7 ± 5. No significant difference in scores was observed between donors with and without complications for any of the categories except tension. Donors who developed complications post‐operatively had a significantly low mean tension score of 1.5 versus 3.8 for donors without complications.ConclusionAcceptable post donation QOL was achieved and surgical complications did not adversely affect SF‐36 and POMS scores.
Fatty Acid, Lipid Class, and Phospholipid Molecular Species Composition of the Soft Coral Xenia sp. (Nha Trang Bay, the South China Sea, Vietnam)
Authors: Imbs Andrey B. , Dang Ly P. T. , Rybin Viacheslav G. , Svetashev Vasily I. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe soft corals of the genus Xenia are common for Indo‐Pacific reef ecosystems. Lipid class, fatty acid (FA), phospho‐ and phosphonolipid molecular species compositions were identified for the first time in the soft coral Xenia sp. from Vietnam. Total lipids consisted predominantly of waxes, monoalkyl diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols, sterols, and polar lipids (21.4, 7.7, 14.2, 10.5, and 36.7 %, respectively). Sesquiterpene alcohol, valerenenol, was found. Acids 16:0, 18:3n‐6, 20:4n‐6, and 20:5n‐3 dominated in total FA. The markers of zooxanthellae (18:4n‐3 and 18:5n‐3) and octocorals (24:5n‐6 and 24:6n‐3) were detected. Acids 18:5n‐3, 20:4n‐6, 22:4n‐6, and 24:5n‐6 concentrated in FA of polar lipids, whereas 14:0, 16:0, 16:1n‐7, 18:2n‐6, and 18:3n‐6 were the major FA of neutral lipids. ChoGpl, EtnGpl, SerGpl, CAEP, PtdIns, and lyso ChoGpl constituted 39.5, 20.8, 20.5, 9.7, 4.3, and 5.3 %, respectively, of the sum of phospho‐ and phosphonolipids. Thirty‐two molecular species of phospholipids and ceramide aminoethylphosphonate (CAEP) were determined by high resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Lyso 18:0e PakCho (4.1 %), 18:0e/20:4 PakCho (20.5 %), 18:1e/20:4 PlsEtn (18.0 %), 18:0e/24:5 PakSer (14.0 %), and 16:0 CAEP (9.6 %) were the major molecular species. EtnGpl and PtdIns mainly consisted of alkenyl acyl and diacyl forms, respectively. Alkyl acyl forms predominated in ChoGpl and SerGpl. Acid 24:5n‐6 was a principal FA in SerGpl, whereas 20:4n‐6 was more abundant in ChoGpl and EtnGpl. PtdIns contained various C20–24 PUFA. In the context of chemotaxonomy of corals, Xenia sp. has the lipid composition typical for soft corals and the FA profile similar to that of alcyonarians with the high level of 18:3n‐6.
Long-Term Follow-Up and Survivorship After Completing Systematic Surveillance in Stage I–III Colorectal Cancer: Who Is Still at Risk?
Authors: Veen T. , Stormark K. , Nedrebø B. S. , Berg M. , Søreide J. A. , Kørner H. , Søreide Kjetil 
Published: April 2015

Abstract
Purpose
In patients with a high life expectancy at the time of surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC), the long-term outcome may be influenced by factors other than their cancer. We aimed to investigate the long-term outcome and cause of death beyond a 5-year surveillance programme.

Methods
We evaluated the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of a population-based cohort of stage I–III CRC patients <75 years old who completed a systematic surveillance programme.

Results
In total, 161 patients <75 years old, 111 (69 %) of whom were node negative (pN0), were included. The median follow-up time was 12.1 years. The OS was 54 % at 15 years and differed significantly between the pN0 and pN+ patients (65 vs. 30 %; P < 0.001); CSS (72 %) also differed between the pN0 and pN+ patients (85 vs. 44 %; P < 0.001). For the 5-year survivors (n = 119), 14 (12 %) died of CRC during additional long-term follow-up (7 each for pN0 and pN+), and 6 patients (5 %; all pN0) died of other cancers. Patients aged <65 years exhibited better long-term survival (81 %), but most of the deaths were due to CRC (10/12 deaths). Only two of the 14 cancer-related deaths involved microsatellite instable (MSI) CRC. Females exhibited better OS and CSS beyond 5 years of surveillance.

Conclusions
The long-term survival beyond 5-year survivorship for stage I–III CRC is very good. Nonetheless, cancer-related deaths are encountered in one-third of patients and occur most frequently in patients who are <65 years old at disease onset—pointing to a still persistent risk several years after surgery.
Combined Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular staging explains advanced dementia cognition
Authors: Zea‐Sevilla María Ascensión , Fernández‐Blázquez Miguel Angel , Calero Miguel , Bermejo‐Velasco Pedro , Rábano Alberto 
Published: April 2015

AbstractIntroductionThe absence of a consensus system for full neuropathological evaluation limits clinicopathological studies and comparability between laboratories. Combined staging for Alzheimer's type and cerebral vascular pathology may allow a better classification of cases for clinical and cognitive correlation.MethodsCognitive and postmortem neuropathological data were obtained from 70 brains donated to the Tissue Bank of the Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Neurológicas (CIEN) Foundation according to recently developed staging schemes for Alzheimer's type and vascular pathology. Subjects belonged to a cohort of institutionalized patients with moderate or severe dementia and a mean follow‐up period of 7 years.ResultsCases were classified into three groups: Alzheimer's predominant (64.1%), vascular predominant (6.3%) and mixed pathology (29.6%). Significant differences were observed in Severe Mini‐Mental State Examination and verbal fluency between the vascular predominant and the other groups of patients.DiscussionThe combination of scales measuring cerebral vascular and Alzheimer's type pathology allowed a classification of patients that reveals differences between groups in premortem cognitive features.
Applying a Behavioral Model Framework for Disaster Recovery Research in Local Public Health Agencies: A Conceptual Approach
Authors: Walsh Lauren , Garrity Stephanie , Rutkow Lainie , Thompson Carol B. , Strauss-Riggs Kandra , Altman Brian A. , Schor Kenneth , Barnett Daniel J. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe local public health agency (LPHA) workforce is at the center of the public health emergency preparedness system and is integral to locally driven disaster recovery efforts. Throughout the disaster recovery period, LPHAs have a primary responsibility for community health and are responsible for a large number of health services. In the face of decreasing preparedness funding and increasing frequency and severity of disasters, LPHAs continue to provide essential disaster life cycle services to their communities. However, little is known about the confidence that LPHA workers have in performing disaster recovery-related duties. To date, there is no widely used instrument to measure LPHA workers’ sense of efficacy, nor is there an educational intervention designed specifically to bolster disaster recovery-phase efficacy perceptions. Here, we describe the important role of the LPHA workforce in disaster recovery and the operational- and efficacy-related research gaps inherent in today’s disaster recovery practices. We then propose a behavioral framework that can be used to examine LPHA workers’ disaster recovery perceptions and suggest a research agenda to enhance LPHA workforce disaster recovery efficacy through an evidence-informed educational intervention. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:403–408)
ANALYTIC EQUIVALENCE RELATIONS SATISFYING HYPERARITHMETIC-IS-RECURSIVE
Authors: MONTALBÁN ANTONIO 
Published: April 2015

We prove, in$\text{ZF}+\boldsymbol{{\it\Sigma}}_{2}^{1}$-determinacy, that, for any analytic equivalence relation$E$, the following three statements are equivalent: (1) $E$does not have perfectly many classes, (2) $E$satisfies hyperarithmetic-is-recursive on a cone, and (3) relative to some oracle, for every equivalence class$[Y]_{E}$we have that a real$X$computes a member of the equivalence class if and only if${\it\omega}_{1}^{X}\geqslant {\it\omega}_{1}^{[Y]}$. We also show that the implication from (1) to (2) is equivalent to the existence of sharps over $ZF$.
DNA barcoding implicates 23 species and four orders as potential pollinators of Chinese knotweed (Persicaria chinensis) in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Wong M.-M. , Lim C.-L. , Wilson J.-J. 
Published: April 2015

AbstractChinese knotweed (Persicaria chinensis) is of ecological and economic importance as a high-risk invasive species and a traditional medicinal herb. However, the insects associated with P. chinensis pollination have received scant attention. As a widespread invasive plant we would expect P. chinensis to be associated with a diverse group of insect pollinators, but lack of taxonomic identification capacity is an impediment to confirm this expectation. In the present study we aimed to elucidate the insect pollinators of P. chinensis in peninsular Malaysia using DNA barcoding. Forty flower visitors, representing the range of morphological diversity observed, were captured at flowers at Ulu Kali, Pahang, Malaysia. Using Automated Barcode Gap Discovery, 17 morphospecies were assigned to 23 species representing at least ten families and four orders. Using the DNA barcode library (BOLD) 30% of the species could be assigned a species name, and 70% could be assigned a genus name. The insects visiting P. chinensis were broadly similar to those previously reported as visiting Persicaria japonica, including honey bees (Apis), droneflies (Eristalis), blowflies (Lucilia) and potter wasps (Eumedes), but also included thrips and ants.
BECOMING A MAN IN AL-WIHDAT: MASCULINE PERFORMANCES IN A PALESTINIAN REFUGEE CAMP IN JORDAN
Authors: Achilli Luigi 
Published: April 2015

AbstractThis article explores the complex interplay between masculinity and nationalism among Palestinians living in a refugee camp in Jordan. Youth masculinity in the camp is widely perceived in Jordan as an expression of either immoral behavior or unthinking radicalism, and as a symbol of cultural and political difference and the failure of camp dwellers to embrace assimilation. However, camp dwellers’ masculinities are not uniform. I argue that young men's ability to navigate and master diverse and sometimes contrasting registers of manhood enables them to reproduce a Palestinian national identity in exile while achieving socioeconomic integration in Jordan. In pursuing this argument, the article has two goals: to challenge popular stereotypes about Palestinian refugees in Jordan today; and to problematize the discursive mutual dependency between nationalism and hegemonic masculinity in the study of Palestinian masculinity.
THE POLITICAL CONTROVERSY OVER GRAECO-ARABIC PHILOSOPHY AND SUFISM IN NASRID GOVERNMENT: THE CASE OF IBN AL-KHATIB IN AL-ANDALUS
Authors: Akhtar Ali Humayun 
Published: April 2015

AbstractDuring the reign of the Nasrid sultan Muhammad V in 14th-century Granada, the renowned literary figure Lisan al-Din ibn al-Khatib rose to the office of vizier and chief dignitary. A text on Graeco-Arabic philosophy and Sufism that he wrote under court patronage,Rawdat al-Taʿrif fi al-Hubb al-Sharif(The Garden of Knowledge of Noble Love), became the centerpiece of a famous court case against him that led to his downfall. Historians have had difficulty interpreting the case because of its political context. Was Ibn al-Khatib's demise really about his philosophical and mystical ideas given his entanglement in power rivalries at the court? Scholars have suggested that Ibn al-Khatib's text was used merely as a pretext to remove him from power. In contrast, I argue that the specific power rivalry between the chief qadi and Ibn al-Khatib only escalated into a court case because, at a time when Sufis were controversial, the qadi read Ibn al-Khatib's Sufi-inspired doctrines as a claim on his religious authority. Ibn al-Khatib's ideas, rather than a pretext for prosecution, were the necessary condition for the power rivalry to erupt into a court case. This reading of the case highlights the way intellectual debates shaped contingent political processes in the medieval Islamic world.