bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control system design and testing for a small‐scale autonomous helicopter
Authors: Kim Seongpil , Budiyono Agus , Lee Jang‐Ho , Kim DooHyun , Joon Yoon Kwang 
Published: November 2014

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to conduct the design, development and testing of a controller for an autonomous small‐scale helicopter.Design/methodology/approachThe hardware in the loop simulation (HILS) platform is developed based on the nonlinear model of JR Voyager G‐260 small‐scale helicopter. Autonomous controllers are verified using the HILS environment prior to flight experiments.FindingsThe gains of the multi‐loop cascaded control architecture can be effectively optimized within the HILS environment. Various autonomous flight operations are achieved and it is demonstrated that the prediction from the simulations is in a good agreement with the result from the flight test.Research limitations/implicationsThe synthesized controller is effective for the particular test‐bed. For other small‐scale helicopters (with different size and engine specifications), the controller gains must be tuned again.Practical implicationsThis work represents a practical control design and testing procedures for an autonomous small‐scale helicopter flight control. The autonomous helicopter can be used for various missions ranging from film making, agriculture and volcanic surveillance to power line inspection.Originality/valueThe research addresses the need for systematic design, development and testing of controller for a small‐scale autonomous helicopter by utilizing HILS environment.
Addressing the needs of older people with co‐morbid alcohol and mental health disorders: a case series from a London Community Mental Health Team (CMHT)
Authors: Andrews Tresa , Reddy Leena , Whelan Paul 
Published: November 2014

PurposeDespite older adult community mental health team (CMHT) workers inevitably encountering service users with alcohol use disorders (AUDs), they have a limited evidence base for working with this group. This paper aims to argue against a wholesale transfer of knowledge and practices from working age adults with dual diagnosis to the older age group.Design/methodology/approachThe paper aims to address the scant attention given to the needs of older service users with a dual diagnosis by detailing the progress of four older adult service users with AUDs in a CMHT.FindingsThis case study series illuminates some of the clinical and professional dilemmas and challenges encountered when working with this group. Suggestions of how to respond to some of these challenges are provided by focussing on aspects of identification, assessment and treatment.Originality/valueThis paper provides a catalyst to further discussion, debate and publications on the issue of older people misusing alcohol by presenting and reflecting on the issues raised by four practice vignettes.
Meeting the training needs of staff working with older people with dual diagnosis
Authors: Saxton Louise , Lancashire Stuart , Kipping Cheryl 
Published: November 2014

PurposeAlthough training has been identified as a key requirement for developing staff capability for working with people with co‐morbid mental health and substance misuse problems, little attention has been given to the training needs of staff working with older adults. Dual diagnosis within the older adult population is often underestimated, yet can present significant challenges to older people themselves, their family and carers and staff. This paper aims to describe the development and preliminary evaluation of a five‐day course designed to meet the needs of staff working with older people who have a dual diagnosis.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes how the course was developed and presents the evaluation data for the initial pilot. A repeated measures design was employed to assess changes to knowledge, confidence and attitudes. Students' perceptions of the quality of the programme were also obtained.FindingsSignificant changes were achieved in knowledge and confidence after the course. Although there were some changes in attitudes these did not reach significance.Originality/valueDual diagnosis initiatives, particularly those related to training, have largely focused on working age adults. This paper describes the development and preliminary evaluation of a dual diagnosis course designed specifically for staff working with older people. It suggests that staff benefit from this training and highlights the importance of such training being part of a wider strategy to develop staff capability.
Strategy for water pump maintenance in Peakland
Authors: Yiu Wai Yu , Yu Chung Mau , Kanna Ryoko 
Published: November 2014

Subject area
Strategic management/business policy.

Study level/applicability
This case study is intended for undergraduate (business administration) level students.

Case overview
PeakWater is a state-owned water supplier in Peakland. Owing to government restrictions, the water supply maintenance business of the company has to be outsourced to a separate entity, resulting in the establishment of FixIt, a wholly owned subsidiary of PeakWater. FixIt is mainly responsible for maintaining the water pumps, as well as investing in new projects for PeakWater. The lower efficiency and incompetence in investment of FixIt hinders the growth of PeakWater in the long run, and also causes discontent by the citizens. PeakWater's Board is evaluating two proposals submitted by the Group Planning Division.

Expected learning outcomes
These are: the nature of private enterprises and its creation of value for public enterprises; the conflicts of interest between private and public enterprises; and the criteria and considerations in the evaluation of corporate strategies.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available – consult your librarian for access. The teaching notes include a list of supporting materials.
Four Japanese cases of dendritic cell neurofibroma with pseudorosettes
Authors: Hattori Tomoyasu , Fukumoto Takaya , Anan Takashi , Kimura Tetsunori 
Published: November 2014

AbstractDendritic cell neurofibroma with pseudorosettes (DCNWPR) is a rare peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST). To our knowledge, the only reported case of DCNWPR in Japan was documented by our team. We experienced three additional cases of DCNWPR in our institute since 2007, and report the clinical and histological features of DCNWPR of these Japanese cases. All four patients were adult women, with ages ranging 48–77 years (mean, 63.8). All patients presented with small solitary lesions that were clinically diagnosed as fibroma, melanocytic nevus or mixed tumor of the skin. Three cases were located on the back, and one on the cheek. Histopathologically, well‐circumscribed nodules were present in the dermis, and composed of small lymphocyte‐like cells with dark nuclei (type I cells) and larger cells with pale vesicular nuclei and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm (type II cells). Small type I cells were grouped concentrically around the larger type II cells, thereby forming pseudorosettes. Immunohistochemical studies using antibodies against CD57 and S100 protein revealed that type II cells contained a copious cytoplasm endowed with a network of slender dendritic extensions. CD57 should be a useful marker for identifying type II cells because it allows these cells to be stained exclusively. We should recognize DCNWPR with its characteristic histological features such as pseudorosettes and presence of dendritic type II cells as a variant of PNST.
Identification of proteins capable of metal reduction from the proteome of the Gram‐positive bacterium Desulfotomaculum reducens MI‐1 using an NADH‐based activity assay
Authors: Otwell Anne Elyse , Sherwood Robert W. , Zhang Sheng , Nelson Ornella D. , Li Zhi , Lin Hening , Callister Stephen J. , Richardson Ruth E. 
Published: November 2014

SummaryUnderstanding of microbial metal reduction is based almost solely on studies of Gram‐negative organisms. In this study, we focus on Desulfotomaculum reducens MI‐1, a Gram‐positive metal reducer whose genome lacks genes with similarity to any characterized metal reductase. Using non‐denaturing separations and mass spectrometry identification, in combination with a colorimetric screen for chelated Fe(III)‐NTA reduction with NADH as electron donor, we have identified proteins from the D. reducens proteome not previously characterized as iron reductases. Their function was confirmed by heterologous expression in Escherichia coli. Furthermore, we show that these proteins have the capability to reduce soluble Cr(VI) and U(VI) with NADH as electron donor. The proteins identified are NADH : flavin oxidoreductase (Dred_2421) and a protein complex composed of oxidoreductase flavin adenine dinucleotide/NAD(P)‐binding subunit (Dred_1685) and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase 1B (Dred_1686). Dred_2421 was identified in the soluble proteome and is predicted to be a cytoplasmic protein. Dred_1685 and Dred_1686 were identified in both the soluble as well as the insoluble protein fraction, suggesting a type of membrane association, although PSORTb predicts both proteins are cytoplasmic. This study is the first functional proteomic analysis of D. reducens and one of the first analyses of metal and radionuclide reduction in an environmentally relevant Gram‐positive bacterium.
Functional adaptations of the bacterial chaperone trigger factor to extreme environmental temperatures
Authors: Godin‐Roulling Amandine , Schmidpeter Philipp A. M. , Schmid Franz X. , Feller Georges 
Published: November 2014

SummaryTrigger factor (TF) is the first molecular chaperone interacting cotranslationally with virtually all nascent polypeptides synthesized by the ribosome in bacteria. Thermal adaptation of chaperone function was investigated in TFs from the Antarctic psychrophile Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis, the mesophile Escherichia coli and the hyperthermophile Thermotoga maritima. This series covers nearly all temperatures encountered by bacteria. Although structurally homologous, these TFs display strikingly distinct properties that are related to the bacterial environmental temperature. The hyperthermophilic TF strongly binds model proteins during their folding and protects them from heat‐induced misfolding and aggregation. It decreases the folding rate and counteracts the fast folding rate imposed by high temperature. It also functions as a carrier of partially folded proteins for delivery to downstream chaperones ensuring final maturation. By contrast, the psychrophilic TF displays weak chaperone activities, showing that these functions are less important in cold conditions because protein folding, misfolding and aggregation are slowed down at low temperature. It efficiently catalyses prolyl isomerization at low temperature as a result of its increased cellular concentration rather than from an improved activity. Some chaperone properties of the mesophilic TF possibly reflect its function as a cold shock protein in E. coli.
A Proposed Scheme for Classifying Pediatric Rib Head Fractures Using Case Examples
Authors: Pinto Deborrah C. , Love Jennifer C. , Derrick Sharon M. , Wiersema Jason M. , Donaruma‐Kwoh Marcella , Greeley Christopher S. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPediatric rib head fractures are typically described as “posterior” or “costovertebral,” terms lacking specificity. To resolve this issue, a scheme was developed to describe the location of rib head fractures observed in a pediatric forensic population. The scheme uses three anatomical landmarks, terminus (tip), tubercle, and costovertebral articular surface to divide the rib head into two subregions, costovertebral and costotransverse. Examples of five cases of infants with rib head fractures are presented using this scheme. Forty‐eight rib head fractures were observed in these infants with the following frequencies: 56% (three infants) at the terminus; 21% (three infants) in the costovertebral subregion; 21% (one infant) at the costovertebral articular facet; and 2% (one infant) in the costotransverse subregion. Due to the small number of cases assessed, statistical analyses could not be performed; however, the data demonstrate the variation in distribution of pediatric rib head fractures.
Implant Bone Integration Importance in Forensic Identification
Authors: De Angelis Danilo , Cattaneo Cristina 
Published: November 2014

AbstractOdontological identification consists of the comparison of antemortem dental information regarding a missing person with postmortem data from an unidentified corpse or human remains. Usually, the comparison concerns morphologic features that the operator chooses among all the visible characteristics because of inter‐individual uniqueness; for this reason, implants can be of enormous assistance. A case concerning the recovery of a burnt oral implant, connected to a bone fragment, among 2780 charred bone fragments, suspected to have belonged to a victim of homicide, is presented to demonstrate that dental implants and their site of bone integration represent a very precious element for personal forensic identification. Because of their morphological invariability in time and because of their morphologic uniqueness, they were used as evidence to associate unidentified human charred remains to a missing person where DNA analysis failed to do so. The case illustrates the fundamental contribution, not yet described in literature, given by the clinical aspects of tooth replacement with dental implants to a forensic discipline. Clinical practitioners should therefore be aware of the great importance of their work and of dental records in a forensic identification scenario.
Effect of Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) on Growth Control of Clostridium perfringens and Lipid Oxidation of Ready‐to‐Eat Jokbal (Pig's Trotters)
Authors: Park Hee Jin , Park Keun‐Cheol , Yoon Ki Sun 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis study investigated the antimicrobial effects of rooibos (tea extract), potassium lactate (PL) and sodium diacetate (SDA) mixture alone or in combinations on the growth of Clostridium perfringens vegetative cell and spore in ready‐to‐eat (RTE) Jokbal (pig's trotters). Addition of a combination of 10% rooibos and 4% PL + SDA inhibit growth of C. perfringens vegetative cell in Jokbal at 24 °C and 36 °C. The significant inhibition on germination and growth of C. perfringens spores was also observed in Jokbal with a combination of 10% rooibos and 4% PL + SDA (PL: 2.24%, SDA: 0.16%) at 24 °C. The Jokbal treated with 10% rooibos and 4% PL + SDA mixture had significantly (P < 0.05) lower TBARS values than the control at 10 and 24 °C. The lipid oxidation inhibition effect was the highest (P < 0.05) in anaerobic packed Jokbal with 10% rooibos. The addition of a combination of 10% rooibos and 4% PL + SDA during the processing of Jokbal prevented the growth of C. perfringens and the germination and growth of C. perfringens spores at room temperature. This study shows rooibos tea as a valuable natural food preservative in meat products.
Developmental guidelines for good chairside teaching – a consensus report from two conferences
Authors: Wilson J. , Sweet J. , Pugsley L. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractDevelopmental Guidelines for Chairside Teaching are a direct outcome of 10 years of research, originally prompted by feedback from undergraduate dental students who not only thought that the teaching they received was uneven and variable in quality, but also felt strongly that they learned more with educationally trained teachers than those with little or no teacher training. Workshops embracing the views of teaching colleagues from many other Dental Schools produced a consensus view that developmental guidelines for teachers would provide a valuable resource. A conference to consider all aspects on chairside teaching and learning was convened with delegates invited from all UK Dental Schools. This was subsequently followed by a second conference to develop specific guidelines for chairside teaching and learning. The Nominal Group Technique was used in the first chairside teaching conference, and Structured Small Expert Groups were used in the second. The overall consensus from these workshops and conferences were as follows: (i) developmental guidelines for chairside teaching can act as a useful resource for teachers to improve and maintain their standard of chairside teaching, (ii) developmental guidelines can be divided into themes of organisational issues and learner and teacher qualities, and (iii) Guidelines should be ‘developmental’ because they encourage chairside teachers to focus on the next immediate goal to maintain and improve quality and standards. These developmental guidelines could provide a universal toolkit for improved chairside teaching which would result in a better student learning experience. Set out in this way these guidelines have currency across academic and practical skills levels, different educational systems, philosophies and country boundaries.
Comparative analysis of colorimetric staining in skin using open‐source software
Authors: Billings Paul C. , Sanzari Jenine K. , Kennedy Ann R. , Cengel Keith A. , Seykora John T. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractColorimetric staining techniques such as immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF) and histochemistry (HC) provide useful information regarding the localization and relative amount of a molecule/substance in skin. We have developed a novel, straightforward method to assess colorimetric staining by combining features from two open‐source software programs. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate the utility of this approach by analysing changes in skin melanin deposition during the radiation‐induced tanning response of Yucatan mini‐pigs. This method includes a visualization step to validate the accuracy of colour selection before quantitation to ensure accuracy. The data show that this method is robust and will provide a means to obtain accurate comparative analyses of staining in IHC/IF/HC samples.
A Predictive Model for Listeria monocytogenes in UHT Dairy Products with Various Fat Content during Cold Storage
Authors: Lobacz Adriana , Kowalik Jaroslaw 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThe growth of Listeria monocytogenes was determined in Ultra‐High‐Temperature (UHT) dairy products (2% milk, 12 and 30% cream) at temperature range of 3–15C. Microbiological data were fitted to primary models (the Baranyi model, the modified Gompertz and logistic functions). The goodness‐of‐fit of primary models was analyzed by calculating mean square error and Akaike's information criterion. Baranyi model yielded the most accurate adjustment and the growth rates generated by this model were used for further mathematical analyses. Analysis of variance was used to check if the fat content significantly (P < 0.05) influences the behavior of L. monocytogenes. No statistical differences were noted in the behavior of the pathogen. Microbiological growth data were combined and secondary modeling was performed using Ratkowsky, Arrhenius and polynomial models. The latter model gave the best description and was further validated using accuracy (Af) and bias (Bf) factors, as well as data from ComBase database and COMBASE Predictor.Practical ApplicationsMathematical models that describe the behavior of microorganisms, especially foodborne pathogens, in a particular product or group of food products with similar characteristics, pose a perspective of using predictive microbiology in order to increase the food safety. Application of predictive models is in agreement with Codex Alimentarius Commission and UE regulations in a risk analysis area. Presented results can be used by food manufacturers in food product development process, as well as a tool to support food safety assurance systems. Moreover, predictive models find practical application in Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plans providing useful information on the determination of critical control points (CCPs) and the estimation of critical limits at CCPs. The assessment and management of safety, quality and shelf life of food products can be facilitated by application of mathematical predictive models.
Plant lignin content altered by soil microbial community
Authors: Bennett Alison E. , Grussu Dominic , Kam Jason , Caul Sandra , Halpin Claire 
Published: November 2014

Summary

Questions have been raised in various fields of research about the consequences of plants with modified lignin production. As a result of their roles in nutrient cycling and plant diversity, plant–soil interactions should be a major focus of ecological studies on lignin‐modified plants. However, most studies have been decomposition studies conducted in a single soil or in sterile soil. Thus, we understand little about plant–soil interactions in living lignin‐modified plants.

In lignin mutants of three different barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars and their corresponding wild‐types associated with three different soil microbial communities, we asked: do plant–soil microbiome interactions influence the lignin content of plants?; does a mutation in lignin production alter the outcome of plant–soil microbiome interactions?; does the outcome of plant–soil microbiome interactions depend on host genotype or the presence of a mutation altering lignin production?

In roots, the soil community explained 6% of the variation in lignin content, but, in shoots, the soil community explained 21% of the variation in lignin content and was the only factor influencing lignin content. Neither genotype nor mutations in lignin production explained associations with fungi.

Lignin content changes in response to a plant's soil microbial community, and may be a defensive response to particular components of the soil community.
Postoperative Rehabilitation After Hip Arthroscopy: A Search for the Evidence
Authors: Cheatham Scott W. , Enseki Keelan R. , Kolber Morey J. 
Published: November 2014

Context:Hip arthroscopy has become an increasingly popular option for active individuals with recalcitrant hip pain. Conditions that may be addressed through hip arthroscopy include labral pathology, femoral acetabular impingement, capsular hyperlaxity, ligamentum teres tears, and the presence of intra-articular bodies. Although the body of literature examining operative procedures has grown, there is a paucity of evidence specifically on the efficacy of postoperative rehabilitation programs. To date, there are no systematic reviews that have evaluated the available evidence on postoperative rehabilitation.Objective:To evaluate the available evidence on postoperative rehabilitation programs after arthroscopy of the hip joint.Evidence Acquisition:A search of the PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases was conducted in January 2014 according the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting systematic reviews.Evidence Synthesis:Six studies met the inclusion criteria and were either case series or case reports (level 4 evidence) that described a 4- or 5-phase postoperative rehabilitation program. The available evidence supports a postoperative period of restricted weight bearing and mobility; however, the specific interventions in the postoperative phases are variable with no comparison trials.Conclusion:This review identified a paucity of evidence on postoperative rehabilitation after hip arthroscopy. Existing reports are descriptive in nature, so the superiority of a particular approach cannot be determined. One can surmise from existing studies that a 4- to 5-stage program with an initial period of weight-bearing and mobility precautions is efficacious in regard to function, patient satisfaction, and return to competitive-level athletics. Clinicians may consider such a program as a general guideline but should individualize treatment according to the surgical procedure and surgeon guidelines. Future research should focus on comparative trials to determine the effect of specific postoperative rehabilitation designs.