bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Practice Models for the Use of E-Mental Health Resources in Primary Health Care by Health Professionals and Peer Workers: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Reynolds Julia , Griffiths Kathleen M , Cunningham John A , Bennett Kylie , Bennett Anthony 
Published: March 2015

Background
Research into e-mental health technologies has developed rapidly in the last 15 years. Applications such as Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy interventions have accumulated considerable evidence of efficacy and some evidence of effectiveness. These programs have achieved similar outcomes to face-to-face therapy, while requiring much less clinician time.

There is now burgeoning interest in integrating e-mental health resources with the broader mental health delivery system, particularly in primary care. The Australian government has supported the development and deployment of e-mental health resources, including websites that provide information, peer-to-peer support, automated self-help, and guided interventions.

An ambitious national project has been commissioned to promote key resources to clinicians, to provide training in their use, and to evaluate the impact of promotion and training upon clinical practice. Previous initiatives have trained clinicians to use a single e-mental health program or a suite of related programs. In contrast, the current initiative will support community-based service providers to access a diverse array of resources developed and provided by many different groups.

Objective
The objective of this paper was to develop a conceptual framework to support the use of e-mental health resources in routine primary health care. In particular, models of clinical practice are required to guide the use of the resources by diverse service providers and to inform professional training, promotional, and evaluation activities.

Methods
Information about service providers’ use of e-mental health resources was synthesized from a nonsystematic overview of published literature and the authors’ experience of training primary care service providers.

Results
Five emerging clinical practice models are proposed: (1) promotion; (2) case management; (3) coaching; (4) symptom-focused treatment; and (5) comprehensive therapy. We also consider the service provider skills required for each model and the ways that e-mental health resources might be used by general practice doctors and nurses, pharmacists, psychologists, social workers, occupational therapists, counselors, and peer workers

Conclusions
The models proposed in the current paper provide a conceptual framework for policy-makers, researchers and clinicians interested in integrating e-mental health resources into primary care. Research is needed to establish the safety and effectiveness of the models in routine care and the best ways to support their implementation.
Usefulness of an app in improving oral hygiene compliance in adolescent orthodontic patients
Authors: Zotti Francesca , Dalessandri Domenico , Salgarello Stefano , Piancino Mariagrazia , Bonetti Stefano , Visconti Luca , Paganelli Corrado 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate the influence of an app-based approach in a protocol for domestic oral hygiene maintenance in a group of adolescent patients wearing fixed multibracket appliances.

Materials and Methods:
Eighty adolescent patients scheduled to start an orthodontic multibracket treatment were randomly divided into two groups of 40. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), white spots (WS), and caries presence were recorded in all patients, and they were instructed regarding domestic oral hygiene maintenance on the day of braces application (t0) and every 3 months (t1, t2, t3, t4) during the first year of treatment. Study group (SG) patients were enrolled in a WhatsApp chat room–based competition and instructed to share monthly with the other participants two self-photographs (selfies) showing their oral hygiene status.

Results:
SG patient participation in the chat room was regular and active throughout the observation period. At t2, t3, and t4, SG patients had significantly lower values of both PI and GI and a lower incidence of new WS and caries, compared with the control group.

Conclusion:
Integration of new “social” technologies in a standard oral hygiene motivation protocol is effective in improving compliance of adolescent patients and in improving their oral health status during orthodontic multibracket treatment.
Kinetic Study of the Formation of Ruhemann's Purple in Micellar and Microemulsion Phases
Authors: El-Aila Hisham J. , Elsousy Khaled M. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The reaction kinetics of ninhydrine (Nin) with glycine–glycine dipeptide (Gly) was studied in aqueous solution. The same reaction was studied in micellar solutions of different surfactants such as sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate (AOT) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The reaction was also studied in the L2 microemulsion phase of the three systems AOT/heptane/water, SDS/pentanol/heptane/water, CTAB/pentanol/heptane/water. Spectrophotometric measurements were perfomed at 570 nm. The data show that the reaction is first-order with respect to Nin and Gly in all cases. Values of the observed rate constants (k
obs) increase with increasing concentration of the surfactant in micellar media. AOT was more promotional than SDS. The reaction rate in the presence of different micelles could be explained using a pseudo-phase kinetic model. Association constants of Nin and Gly with surfactant micelles are reported. Values of k
obs for the reaction rates in the microemulsion phases are reported. AOT/heptane L2 microemulsion system has been clearly found as the most promotional among all the other studied systems. Association constants of Nin and Gly with surfactant in microemulsion were obtained. The rate was increased with the temperature in aqueous, micellar and microemulsion phases. The activation parameters ΔH*, ΔS* and ΔG* have also been obtained. The reaction rate in different microemulsion media is slightly increased with the change of oil (heptane > hexane > pentane), while co-surfactants (butanol, pentanol and hexanol) have no effect on k

obs
values in AOT, CTAB or SDS microemulsion.
Development and Evaluation of an Environmentally Friendly Calcium Carbonate and Calcium Sulfate Scales Inhibitor
Authors: Wang Huchuan , Zhou Yuming , Yao Qingzhao , Bu Yunyun , Chen Yiyi , Sun Wei 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The precipitation of CaCO3 (calcite, vaterite, aragonite and calcium carbonate hydrates) and CaSO4 (calcium sulfate anhydride, calcium sulfate dihydrate and calcium sulfate hemihydrates) scale on pipe surfaces widely occurs in numerous industrial processes. For the control of CaCO3 and CaSO4 scales, a novel environmentally friendly scale inhibitor, maleic anhydride (MA)-allypolyethoxy carboxylate (APEM9), was synthesized. MA-APEM9 was characterized by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR) and 1H-NMR. The inhibitor property of the MA-APEM9 copolymer towards CaCO3 and CaSO4 in the artificial cooling water was studied by static scale inhibition tests. The effect on formation of CaCO3 and CaSO4 was investigated with a combination of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The observation showed that MA-APEM9 was a much better inhibitor both for CaCO3 and CaSO4 compared to the commercial inhibitors. An inhibition mechanism is proposed. It shows that the interactions between calcium and allyl-terminated PMA are the fundamental impetus to restrain the formation of the scale in cooling water systems. The MA-APEM9 Inhibitor can be used safely in cooling water systems.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Three New Cationic Surfactants
Authors: Narayanan Venu Lakshimi , Umapathy Manickam Janarthanan 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Three new biodegradable cationic surfactants have been successfully synthesized and the synthesis begins with the esterification of lauric acid, myristic acid and palmitic acid with triethanolamine followed by quarterisation with 1-bromo octane. FT-IR and NMR were used in combination to evaluate the structure of the synthesized surfactants. Elementary analysis was performed and the calculated values were in good agreement with the theoretical values. The antimicrobial effect of three surfactants was evaluated by the Well diffusion assay method and they revealed a good effectivness against gram negative bacteria, gram positive bacteria and fungi.
Tarapur atomic power station: analysis of station blackout scenario
Authors: Srivastava A. , Contractor A. D. , Lele H. G. , Vaze K. K. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
India is currently operating two BWR built by General Electric Company. The design features of these reactors are similar to the Fukushima's BWR except some better containment features in Indian BWR. This paper discusses the enveloping scenario of station blackout of infinite duration with no operator action and no component failure. The paper describes the details of modelling the TAPS-BWR plant model including SCDAP modelling of reactor core in system code RELAP5 and further thermal hydraulic safety assessment of station blackout scenario. The analysis brought out effectively the response of the plant to this high-pressure severe accident scenario. The time line of the severe accident progression will give details of various stages of accident progression along with hydrogen generation, which will be useful in evolving suitable severe accident management guidelines.
Estimating steady state and transient characteristics of molten salt natural circulation loop using CFD
Authors: Kudariyawar J. Y. , Vaidya A. M. , Maheshwari N. K. , Satyamurthy P. , Srivastava A. K. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The steady state and transient characteristics of a molten salt natural circulation loop (NCL) are obtained by 3D CFD simulations. The working fluid is a mixture of NaNO3 and KNO3 in 60:40 ratio. Simulation is performed using PHOENICS CFD software. The computational domain is discretized by a body fitted grid generated using in-built mesh generator. The CFD model includes primary side. Primary side fluid is subjected to heat addition in heater section, heat loss to ambient (in piping connecting heater and cooler) and to secondary side (in cooler section). Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equations are solved along with the standard k-∊ turbulence model. Validation of the model is done by comparing the computed steady state Reynolds number with that predicted by various correlations proposed previously. Transient simulations were carried out to study the flow initiations transients for different heater powers and different configurations. Similarly the “power raising” transient is computed and compared with in-house experimental data. It is found that, using detailed information obtained from 3D transient CFD simulations, it is possible to understand the physics of oscillatory flow patterns obtained in the loop under certain conditions.
Analysis of a homogenous and heterogeneous stylized half core of a CANDU reactor
Authors: EL-Khawlani A. , Aziz M. , Ismail M. , Ellithi A. Y. 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The MCNPX (Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code System) code has been used for modeling and simulation of a half core of CANDU (CANada Deuterium-Uranium) reactor, both homogenous and heterogeneous model for the reactor core are designed. The fuel is burnt in normal operation conditions of CANDU reactors. Natural uranium fuel is used in the model. The multiplication factor for homogeneous and heterogeneous reactor core is calculated and compared during fuel burnup. The concentration of both uranium and plutonium isotopes are analysed in the model. The flux and power distributions through channels are calculated.
Microstructure and properties of thick nanocomposite TiN/Si3N4 coatings on Vanadis 23 HS steel
Authors: Moskalewicz Tomasz , Zimowski Sławomir , Wendler Bogdan , Progalskiy Ivan , Czyrska-Filemonowicz Aleksandra 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
The microstructure and selected micro-mechanical properties of a 13.4 μm thick nanocomposite TiN/Si3N4 coating deposited onto Vanadis 23 HS steel by a new gas pulsed magnetron sputtering technique were investigated. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were employed to investigate the detailed microstructure of the coating. It was found that the coating exhibited a fully nanocrystalline structure and was composed of two zones: the outer zone with columnar structure and the inner one with equiaxed, fine columnar structure. Both zones consisted mainly of the δ-TiN nanocrystallites with a small amount of α-Si3N4 and β-Si3N4. In order to increase coating adhesion to the substrate, a graded intermediate layer consisting of three different phases (pure Cr, CrN and Cr2N) was applied. The hardness of the as-deposited TiN/Si3N4 coating was equal to 48 GPa, whereas it was equal to 40 GPa after annealing. The coatings exhibited very good adhesion to the underlying steel substrate.
Analysis of the structure (XRD) and microstructure (TEM, SEM, AFM) of bulk amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys based on FeCoB
Authors: Gruszka Konrad , Nabiałek Marcin , Błoch Katarzyna , Walters Simon 
Published: March 2015

Abstract
Control of the formation process of amorphous materials, and the lowering of their internal energy as a result of atomic transition through subsequent potential barriers describing metastable states, represent direct factors in designing the functional properties of these modern materials. This paper presents the results of tests carried out on the group of four alloys: Fe62-x
Co10Y8
Me

x
B20 (where: Me = Cr, Be or Cu; x = 0 or 1), obtained by a suction-casting method. The bulk amorphous samples were obtained in the form of plates of thickness 0.5 mm. The structure and microstructure of the investigated plates, in the as-quenched and after-annealing states, were studied using: scanning and transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Moreover, for heat-treated samples, Rietveld's analysis was performed. Additionally, the combination of microscopy and X-ray studies allowed for the observation of diffusion effects occurring in the material.
When it takes thousands to tango
Authors: Jagtenberg Rob , Voet Stefaan 
Published: March 2015

When it takes thousands to tango: On the out-of-court regulation of mass damage claims in the Netherlands and Belgium
In this article the authors compare Belgian and Dutch (draft) regulation of mass damage claims, and notably the prominent place reserved for the collective amicable settlement of such claims. Though collective action for the recovery of damage is still not possible in the Netherlands, Dutch law does provide for the possibility of the court endorsing collectively agreed settlements, since 2005. One of most notorious settlements, i.e. the Dexia case, is discussed, illustrating how individual victims may retain their standing to sue in court, although in such cases the courts show a tendency to cling to the terms of the collective settlement just the same (‘reflex effect or shadow of the settlement’). Mediation in brokering such high profile settlements does not necessarily follow the vested principles of mediation in ‘regular’ one to one disputes.
Modernisering van de arbitragewetgeving
Authors: van den Bosch Thabiso 
Published: March 2015

The new Dutch Arbitration Act
On 1 January 2015 a new arbitration act entered into force in the Netherlands. This article discusses the main amendments to the old legislation. The purpose of this new act is to improve the efficiency and flexibility of the arbitration process. Partially, the changes consist of codification of existing case law. However, also new elements are introduced such as for example the possibility of remission. Another reason for this revision of the arbitration legislation is to make the Netherlands internationally more attractive as an arbitration venue.The main changes are related to, for example, the enforcement proceedings, which are significantly shortened for foreign awards, and making the annulment procedure more efficient. Furthermore, consumers are given more protection from arbitration clauses in general conditions, the rules regarding the challenging of arbitrators are amended and allow for the appointment of a third party to decide on the challenge. Summary proceedings are introduced as a possibility. The registration of the arbitral award with the district court is no longer required.
Moc v dialogickém vyučování
Authors: Šeďová Klára 
Published: March 2015

Cílem této studie je prozkoumat mocenské vztahy mezi učitelem a žáky v kontextu tzv. dialogického vyučování, to znamená takového typu výuky, v němž je stimulována aktivní účast žáků na výukové komunikaci. Článek na datech z výzkumu zaměřeného na zavádění dialogických postupů do vyučování humanitních předmětů na druhém stupni základní školy ukazuje, že v dialogickém vyučování dochází k cirkulaci moci mezi učitelem a žáky. To znamená, že nastavení vzájemných vztahů mezi učiteli a žáky umožňuje funkční přelévání moci mezi oběma stranami. V příspěvku jsou dále identifikovány dílčí elementy cirkulace moci, jimiž jsou snížení dominance učitele a dosažení shody na definici situace mezi učitelem a žáky.
Detecting the progression of ocean acidification from the saturation state of CaCO3 in the subtropical South Pacific
Authors: Murata Akihiko , Hayashi Kazuhiko , Kumamoto Yuichiro , Sasaki Ken‐ichi 
Published: March 2015

AbstractProgression of ocean acidification in the subtropical South Pacific was investigated by using high‐quality data from trans‐Pacific zonal section at 17°S (World Ocean Circulation Experiment section P21) collected in 1994 and 2009. During this 15 year period, the CaCO3 saturation state of seawater with respect to calcite (Ωcal) and aragonite (Ωarg) in the upper water column (<400 dbar) decreased at rates of 0.037 a−1 and 0.025 a−1, respectively, east of 145°W longitude; these rates are among the fastest in the world's oceans. In contrast, at longitudes 170°E–145°W, Ωcal and Ωarg decreased relatively slowly, at 0.008 a−1 and 0.005 a−1, respectively. The Ωarg saturation horizon occurred at a depth of about 1200 dbar at the westernmost end of the section and shoaled eastward to about 20 dbar. From 1994 to 2009, it migrated upward at a rate of 5.2 dbar a−1 west of 145°W. Decomposition of the temporal changes of Ω (ΔΩ) showed that the accumulation of anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean accounted for more than half of ΔΩ. The more rapid rate of decline of Ω in the eastern section was attributable to a relatively large contribution of organic matter remineralization, whereas the slower rate in the central section was attributed to a decrease of anthropogenic CO2 uptake caused by rising water temperatures. An important finding of this study was that acidification of the upper water column was enhanced by processes related to the oxygen minimum zone in the eastern subtropical South Pacific Ocean.
Intermediate‐term forecasting of aftershocks from an early aftershock sequence: Bayesian and ensemble forecasting approaches
Authors: Omi Takahiro , Ogata Yosihiko , Hirata Yoshito , Aihara Kazuyuki 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBecause aftershock occurrences can cause significant seismic risks for a considerable time after the main shock, prospective forecasting of the intermediate‐term aftershock activity as soon as possible is important. The epidemic‐type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model with the maximum likelihood estimate effectively reproduces general aftershock activity including secondary or higher‐order aftershocks and can be employed for the forecasting. However, because we cannot always expect the accurate parameter estimation from incomplete early aftershock data where many events are missing, such forecasting using only a single estimated parameter set (plug‐in forecasting) can frequently perform poorly. Therefore, we here propose Bayesian forecasting that combines the forecasts by the ETAS model with various probable parameter sets given the data. By conducting forecasting tests of 1 month period aftershocks based on the first 1 day data after the main shock as an example of the early intermediate‐term forecasting, we show that the Bayesian forecasting performs better than the plug‐in forecasting on average in terms of the log‐likelihood score. Furthermore, to improve forecasting of large aftershocks, we apply a nonparametric (NP) model using magnitude data during the learning period and compare its forecasting performance with that of the Gutenberg‐Richter (G‐R) formula. We show that the NP forecast performs better than the G‐R formula in some cases but worse in other cases. Therefore, robust forecasting can be obtained by employing an ensemble forecast that combines the two complementary forecasts. Our proposed method is useful for a stable unbiased intermediate‐term assessment of aftershock probabilities.
Structural controls on the emission of magmatic carbon dioxide gas, Long Valley Caldera, USA
Authors: Lucic Gregor , Stix John , Wing Boswell 
Published: March 2015

AbstractWe present a degassing study of Long Valley Caldera that explores the structural controls upon emissions of magmatic carbon dioxide gas. A total of 223 soil gas samples were collected and analyzed for stable carbon isotopes using a field‐portable cavity ring‐down spectrometer. This novel technique is flexible, accurate, and provides sampling feedback on a daily basis. Sampling sites included major and minor volcanic centers, regional throughgoing faults, caldera‐related structures, zones of elevated seismicity, and zones of past and present hydrothermal activity. The classification of soil gases based on their δ13C and CO2 values reveals a mixing relationship among three end‐members: atmospheric, biogenic, and magmatic. Signatures dominated by biogenic contributions (~4 vol %, −24‰) are found on the caldera floor, the interior of the resurgent dome, and areas associated with the Hilton Creek and Hartley Springs fault systems. With the introduction of the magmatic component (~100 vol %, −4.5‰), samples acquire mixing and hydrothermal signatures and are spatially associated with the central caldera and Mammoth Mountain. In particular, they are concentrated along the southern margin of the resurgent dome where the interplay between resurgence‐related reverse faulting and a bend in the regional fault system has created a highly permeable fracture network, suitable for the formation of shallow hydrothermal systems. This contrasts with the south moat, where despite elevated seismicity, a thick sedimentary cover has formed an impermeable cap, inhibiting the ascent of fluids and gases to the surface.