bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negotiating knowledge bases in pedagogical discourse: relevance of identities to language classroom interactions
Authors: Lee Yo-An 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIdentities are about how people position themselves in their social surroundings individually and collectively. Research in applied linguistics shows how identities seem multifaceted, emergent, and constantly changing. The present study finds its analytic resources in conversation analysis (CA) and describes how access to particular knowledge can make different identities relevant in the contingent choices during real-time classroom interaction. Based on transcribed questioning sequences taken from English as a Second Language (ESL) classroom, the analysis demonstrates the intricate negotiation between classroom teachers and their non-native students in determining what knowledge is relevant among multiple possibilities. What underlies these sequences is the work of managing asymmetries in the knowledge base between teachers and their students as they come to terms with various competing knowledge bases, whether about content knowledge, target language, or personal experience. The findings suggest that participants deploy a far greater variety of identities than the pre-set categories of native/non-native speakers and that the presence of multiple identities is a central analytic resource as it shows the process by which the participants establish the relevant knowledge bases for the task at hand.
“Did Obamacare create new jobs?” – An analysis of Mitt Romney’s use of rhetorical questions in the 2012 US presidential election campaign
Authors: Wong Steven Ming-Chiu , Yap Foong Ha 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper examines how Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney’s use of rhetorical questions (RQs) in the 2012 US presidential election varies depending on the target audience. We first classify the US states into: (i) Democrat-safe states, (ii) Republican-safe states, and (iii) swing states. We then examine Romney’s use of RQs in his 48 speeches in terms of their (i) frequency, (ii) question type, (iii) topic, and (iv) function. Our findings reveal that Romney tended to ask more RQs in the swing states and the Democrat-safe states in comparison to the Republican-safe states. Moreover, in the swing states, most of Romney’s RQs were yes/no questions, which tended to be more direct, while in the Democrat-safe states, Romney used both yes/no and
BDNF/Trk/KCC2 pathway in nicotine withdrawal-induced hyperalgesia
Authors: Shi Wenhui , Ding Yonghong , Yu Ailan , Wang Qinghe , Zhang Zongwang , Zhang Li-Cai 
Published: October 2015

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin receptor kinase
(Trk) on potassium chloride cotransporter 2 (KCC2) in rats following nicotine withdrawal and the roles played
by BDNF/Trk/KCC2 pathway in nicotine withdrawal-induced hyperalgesia. Methods: Seventy-eight rats were
randomly assigned to five groups: control group (n = 12) without any treatment, normal saline group (NS
group, n = 12) and nicotine withdrawal group (NW group, n = 30) receiving a subcutaneous injection of saline
or nicotine for 7 days, respectively. The NW + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (n = 12) and NW+ Trk antagonist K252a
groups (n = 12) received an intrathecal injection of DMSO (10 μl) and K252a (10 μg/10 μl) for 3 days after nicotine
withdrawal, respectively. Nicotine withdrawal was precipitated by subcutaneous injection of nonselective and
noncompetitive antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors mecamylamine. Pain was tested using thermal
withdrawal latency (TWL). A Western blot was used to examine the expression of BDNF and KCC2. Results: The
TWL was significantly decreased in NW group relative to control and NS groups (P < 0.01). Compared with the
NW group, the NW+K252a group manifested a significantly higher latency (P < 0.01). The BDNF expression was
increased and KCC2 was decreased in NW group compared with the control group (P < 0.01). K252a reduced KCC2
downregulation. Conclusion: BDNF/Trk signaling may contribute to nicotine withdrawal-induced hyperalgesia
via downregulation of KCC2.
Syntax from and for Discourse: Adverbial Clauses as Item-Specific Constructions in Spontaneous Spoken English
Authors: Hampe Beate 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThis paper seeks to contribute to a usage- and construction-based approach to the complex sentence. Studying temporal adverbial clauses withbefore,after,untilandoncein spontaneous spoken English, it diverges from previous work [Diessel, Holger (2008). “The Iconicity of Sequence. A Multifactorial Analysis of Clause Order in Complex Sentences.”Cognitive Linguistics19.3, 465–490.] by focussing especially on the functions and usage characteristics of configurations that are highly marked, i.e. on complex sentences in which the respective adverbial clause precedes its matrix and expresses an event-sequence in a non-iconic ordering (before, until). The paper is inspired by two longstanding claims from functionalist syntax and discourse analysis, viz. that discourse should be the starting point for any study of syntax and that initial adverbial clauses present constructions in their own right. It reports the first results of a corpus study (based on the BNC files with spontaneous spoken language) which substantiate the latter claim and also discusses some of the wider implications of these results for construction-based models of the complex sentence.
Why the Principle of No Synonymy is Overrated
Authors: Uhrig Peter 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe formulation of Goldberg’s oft-quoted Principle of No Synonymy is one of the factors responsible for a shift away in attention from alternations as postulated in the generative transformational tradition towards a view that regards the so-called alternatives as conveying different meanings and thus not being real alternatives. The rejection of the generativist position, in which one variant was regarded as primary and the other as derived from the primary variant, is of course justified and necessary in a cognitive linguistic approach, but it will be argued in this paper that the Principle of No Synonymy – if regarded as a dogma – is misleading in that it bears the risk of missing important generalisations across different patterns of the same verb. Furthermore, it will be argued that both linguistic variation and pre-emption are not perfectly compatible with the Principle of No Synonymy.
Cushing's storm secondary to a rare case of ectopic ACTH secreting metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Bucciarelli Maura , Lee Ya-Yu , Magaji Vasudev 
Published: October 2015

Summary
Ectopic ACTH secretion from breast cancer is extremely rare. We report a case of a 30-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer, who presented with psychosis and paranoid behaviour. CT of the head showed white matter disease consistent with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Despite using mifepristone with multiple antihypertensives including lisinopril, spironolactone and metoprolol, she was hypertensive. Transaminitis did not allow mifepristone dose escalation and ketoconazole utilization. Etomidate infusion at a non-sedating dose in the intensive care unit controlled her hypertension and cortisol levels. She was transitioned to metyrapone and spironolactone. She was discharged from the hospital on metyrapone with spironolactone and underwent chemotherapy. She died 9 months later after she rapidly redeveloped Cushing's syndrome and had progressive metastatic breast cancer involving multiple bones, liver and lungs causing respiratory failure.

Learning points

Cushing's syndrome from ectopic ACTH secreting breast cancer is extremely rare.

Cushing's syndrome causing psychosis could be multifactorial including hypercortisolism and PRES.

Etomidate at non-sedating doses in intensive care setting can be effective to reduce cortisol production followed by transition to oral metyrapone.
Chinese Erdheim-Chester disease: clinical-pathology-PET/CT updates
Authors: Ding Huanyu , Li Yang , Ruan Caishun , Gao Yuan , Wang Hehua , Zhang Xiangsong , Liao Zhihong 
Published: October 2015

Summary
Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD), one type of systemic non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis, has been rarely seen and is characterized by the accumulation of foamy CD68+CD1a- histiocytes. We reported a case of ECD and reviewed the clinical features of 13 cases of ECD reported so far in China. A 53-year-old male was diagnosed with central diabetes insipidus in March 2014, followed by fever, splenomegaly and anemia in July 2014. His initial pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed the absence of high signal at T1-weighted image in posterior pituitary without any lesion. A further positron emission tomography/computer tomography (PET/CT) images showed elevated metabolic activity of 18F-2-fluro-D-deoxy-glucose (FDG) and low 13N-NH3 uptake in the posterior pituitary, and multi-organ involvement. Biopsy at right femur lesion revealed that granulomatous infiltration of foamy histiocytes and Touton giant cells surrounded by fibrosis tissues. Immunohistochemistry stain was positive for CD68, negative for CD207/Langerin and S-100. The diagnosis of ECD was confirmed and the treatment with pegylated interferon was effective. ECD was a possible immune-related disorder concluding from the IgG4 immunohistochemistry results. We summarized the pathological manifestations for ECD and its differential diagnosis from Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD). ECD should be considered by both pathologists and clinicians in the differential diagnosis when central diabetes insipidus is accompanied with multi-organ involvement, especially skeletal system involvement, or recurrent fever.

Learning points

ECD should be considered when central diabetes insipidus is accompanied with multisystem involvement, especially symmetric/asymmetric bone lesions, or recurrent fever.

PET/CT scanning was helpful for locating pituitary lesion, discovering multiple system involvement and indicating the biopsy sites.

Conducting proper immunohistochemistry stains was important for diagnosing ECD. ECD might be correlated with immune disorder.
Toward mixed-methods impact evaluation: Making stabilization assessments work for development cooperation
Authors: Koehler Jan , Gosztonyi Kristóf , Child Keith , Feda Basir 
Published: October 2015

We introduce a mixed-methods approach to assess the impact of a complex development program on stability and present a selection of relevant results on stabilization dynamics and possible program-related impacts. The program is implemented by an international nongovernmental organization and combines capacity building with infrastructure development at the district level in North Afghanistan. We develop a working definition of stability and define context-relevant stabilization indicators. We then analyze how various stabilization indicators relate to each other and observe how they change over time. Finally, we analyze how proxies for program activity relate to the stabilization dynamics observed. At this stage, the data analysis is exploratory, and the results are illustrative rather than definite in regard to the success or failure of the stabilization program. [JEL codes: D74, O53]
Gold/Silver-Polymer Hybrid Nanostructures as Thermoreversible Optical Sensors and Probes for the Quantification Radical Compounds
Authors: Cho Eun Chul , La Ju A , Lim Sora , Song Ji Eun 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTWe present gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) could be used not only for stimuli-responsive optical sensors but also for the quantification of radical compounds when these nanoparticles are suitably combined with polymeric materials. When Au NPs are assembled 2-dimensionally on the surface of hydrogel NPs which respond to temperatures, the hybrid NPs displayed thermoreversible multiple color switching. Accordingly, optical bandwidths of the hybrid NPs are reversibly changed with temperatures: with hybrid NPs assembled with 51 nm Au NPs, prominent optical signals are recorded at 900 nm at 50 °C while most of extinction signals are shown below 600 nm at room temperatures. In addition, we demonstrate the modification of Ag NPs’ surfaces (nanocubes and nanospheres) with polyelectrolytes (either positive or negative) could extend the quantifiable detection ranges of radical compounds. Through the surface modification of Ag NPs, the polyelectrolytes protect the Ag NPs by probably either retarding (forming diffusion barriers) or preventing (blocking/entrapping/scavenging) the arrival of radicals to Ag NPs or both. The roles of the polyelectrolytes are demonstrated by using radical compounds produced from tetrahydrofuran and H2O2. From the results, we could obtain calibration curves for the wide-range quantification of radical compounds.
Towards Alpha Radiation Detection in Aqueous Solution: VLSI Technology Development for Diamond-Silicon Hybrid Sensors
Authors: Giese C. , Lewes-Malandrakis G. , de Sanoit J. , Pomorski M. , Nebel C. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTIn the presented work, we have developed VLSI technology processes for new prototype sensors based on the synthesis of boron doped nanocrystalline diamond (B-NCD) and silicon based commercial detectors. The process is based on commercial passivated implanted planar silicon (PIPS) devices of PD450 and CAM450 types (CANBERRA). A layer of B-NCD of several hundred nanometers thickness and boron concentration up to 1021 atoms/cm3 is grown on the SiOx passivation layer in an ellipsoidal plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) reactor at temperatures from 520-750°C, in hydrogen atmosphere. . The diamond electrode is dry chemically structured and aluminum electrodes are realized before mounting in a three-fold housing for measurements in aqueous solution. The prototype sensors show an alpha spectroscopy resolution of 100 keV for 241Am electroprecipitated from liquid solution.
Characterization of Elastomers and Elastomeric Composites Using Ultrasound
Authors: Jayaraman Subash , Dick Jonathan , Craychee Timothy , Du Jikai , Tittmann Bernhard 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe knowledge of elastic properties of the various types of rubber is significant for many commercial and academic applications. A sample set consisting of generic elastomeric compounds was studied using non-destructive non-contact ultrasonic techniques. The longitudinal sound wave velocities in the sample and wave amplitude attenuation in the sample were measured using the Second Wave Inc. Non-Contact Analyzer 1000 (NCA1000). The Contact method was then used to corroborate the results obtained. A rule-of-mixture model was used to compare the velocity values obtained by the non-contact technique. The preliminary results suggest that the differences in attenuation are driven by polymer type and also to a lesser extent by the loading level of carbon black fillers.
Possibilidades de Inovação em Educação a Distância: Blogs Educativos como Recurso Didático
Authors: De Oliveira Eloiza da Silva Gomes , Carvalho Caio Abitbol , Da Silva Fabiana Triani Barbosa , Dereczynski Raphael Silberman 
Published: October 2015

A internet tornou-se a principal ferramenta de interação entre os jovens, principalmente através das redes sociais. O acesso a notícias, lazer e até mesmo à linguagem estão mudando. É necessário, então, buscar novas formas de ensinar. Uma pesquisa foi realizada na disciplina eletiva oferecida ao curso de graduação em Pedagogia presencial da Faculdade de Educação da UERJ, com o objetivo de verificar a aprendizagem e interação de alunos utilizando um blog educativo. Acompanhamos as aulas presenciais e as postagens feitas no blog e elaboramos um instrumento aplicado ao final do curso. Analisamos 27 questionários, onde itens como uso do blog como recurso didático? e o conteúdo do mesmo alcançaram alta pontuação. O sucesso da disciplina mostra que a educação mediada por tecnologias foi bem recebida. Iniciamos ajustes das aulas produzidas, transformando-as em objetos de aprendizagem, para a adaptação da disciplina a ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA), cuja utilização oferecerá uma multiplicidade de instrumentos de investigação pertencentes à própria plataforma?.Palavras-chave: Blog educativo; Aprendizagem com mediação tecnológica; Tecnologia de informação e comunicação. Innovation Possibilities in Distance Education: Educational Blogs as a Teaching Resource Abstract The internet has become the primary tool for interaction among young people, especially through social networks. Access to news, entertainment and even language are changing. Therefore is necessary to seek new ways of teaching. A survey was conducted in a course of teacher training of a Brazilian university to verify the learning and interaction of students using an educational blog. In addition to monitoring the regular classrooms and blog posts we prepared a questionnaire at the end of the course. We analyzed 27 questionnaires, where items such as "use the blog as a teaching resource" averaged 3.95 and all items related to the content of the blog reached over 4.14 average (in the maximum of 5.0 points). We still need to develop approaches of distance education further, but with the success of the discipline and the good feedback from students, EAD is being well received by them. We initiated adjustments of the produced classes, turning them into learning objects, to adapt the course to a virtual learning management system (Moodle), which will offer a variety of research tools belonging to own "platform".Keywords: Educational blog; Learning with technological mediation; Information and communication technology.
Para além da Educação a Distância: Práticas Formativas e Relacionais em um Curso de Ciências Biológicas
Authors: Paixão Germana Costa , Henriques Ana Ciléia Pinto Teixeira , Branco Francisco Fábio Castelo , Vidal Eloisa Maia 
Published: October 2015

As práticas de formação que incentivam o desenvolvimento das habilidades afetivas em estudantes têm sido avaliadas no contexto de ensino a distância no Brasil. O estudo tem como objetivo apresentar práticas formativas e relacionais desenvolvidas no curso de Ciências Biológicas na modalidade a distância de uma universidade estadual no Ceará. É um estudo descritivo-reflexivo em forma de estudo de caso que discute experiências em andamento, sendo estas: Monitoria Acadêmica; Vida em Foco; Ciência na Escola e Musicalizando a Biologia. As atividades têm procurado desenvolver nos alunos o espírito de colaboração e da experiência de realidade em que, em um curto espaço de tempo, estarão inseridos. Acredita-se que, dessa forma, se permite um ensino mais crítico e reflexivo, no qual novas ferramentas são oportunizadas e que podem romper a hierarquia ainda persistente entre professores e alunos. Palavras-chave: Ensino; Atitude; Educação a distância; Educação superior; Tecnologia da educação.Beyond the Distance Education: Formation and Relational Practice in a Biological Sciences CourseAbstract Training practices that encourage the development of affective skills in students have been valued in the context of distance learning (DL) in Brazil. The study aims to provide formative and relational practices developed in the course of Biological Sciences in the distance mode of a state university in Ceara. It is descriptive-reflective research in the form of case study that discusses the following ongoing experiments: Academic Monitoring; Life in Focus; Science in School and Musicalizing Biology. The activities have sought to develop in students the spirit of collaboration and the experience of reality in which they, in a short time, will be placed. It is believed that this way allows more critical and reflective teaching, in which new tools become available for DL that will break the persistent hierarchy between teachers and students.Keywords: Teaching; Attitude; Distance education; Higher education; Education technology.
A Webconferência como Ferramenta de Apoio à Tutoria nos Cursos da Graduação CEDERJ: Uma Avaliação sobre o Programa de Capacitação e Difusão de Uso
Authors: De Campos Mara Lúcia Gomes , Maguela Verônica Zegur , Horta Claudia , Salvador Daniel Fábio 
Published: October 2015

Um dos desafios da educação a distância é levar os alunos à proximidade encontrada nos cursos presenciais. Para isso, a webconferência é usada nos cursos de graduação do CEDERJ como uma ferramenta colaborativa que permite a maior integração entre os atores do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a implementação dessa ferramenta em tais cursos e sua forma de aplicação através de coleta de dados de salas de webconferência e da aplicação de um questionário aos tutores e coordenadores de disciplina que utilizam a ferramenta. Os resultados mostram que o aumento do uso de webconferência ocorre com o aumento das capacitações. Conclui-se que é necessário capacitar todos os agentes envolvidos no processo de usabilidade da ferramenta bem como ampliar as estratégias de condução e metodologias de planejamento para as sessões de webconferência.Palavras-chave: Webconferência, Graduação CEDERJ, Educação a distância, Videotutoria. Web Conferencing to Support Mentoring Tool in Unndergraduate CEDERJ Courses - an Evaluation of the Training Program and Broadcast UseAbstract One of the challenges of distance education is to provide students with the closeness they find in classroom courses. To do so, web conferencing is used in undergraduate courses of CEDERJ as a collaborative tool that allows for greater integration between the actors of the teaching learning process. The aim of this study is to evaluate the implementation of this tool in such courses and its application form, through data collection of web conferencing rooms and a questionnaire applied to tutors and course coordinators who make use of the tool. The results show that the amount of of web conferencing increaes as the amount of training increases; and that the available rooms are still being underused. We conclude that it is necessary to empower all agents involved in the process to use the tool, and to expand strategies of conducting and planning methodologies for web conferencing.Keywords: Web conferencing, Graduation CEDERJ, Distance education, Video mentoring.