bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ITGB2 related to immune cell infiltration as a potential therapeutic target of inflammatory bowel disease using bioinformatics and functional research
Authors: Xu Rong , Du Wei , Yang Qinglong , Du Ashuai 
Published: August 2024

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic systemic inflammatory condition regarded as a major risk factor for colitis‐associated cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of IBD remain unclear. First, five GSE data sets available in GEO were used to perform ‘batch correction’ and Robust Rank Aggregation (RRA) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Candidate molecules were identified using CytoHubba, and their diagnostic effectiveness was predicted. The CIBERSORT algorithm evaluated the immune cell infiltration in the intestinal epithelial tissues of patients with IBD and controls. Immune cell infiltration in the IBD and control groups was determined using the least absolute shrinkage selection operator algorithm and Cox regression analysis. Finally, a total of 51 DEGs were screened, and nine hub genes were identified using CytoHubba and Cytoscape. GSE87466 and GSE193677 were used as extra data set to validate the expression of the nine hub genes. CD4‐naïve T cells, gamma–delta T cells, M1 macrophages and resting dendritic cells (DCs) are the main immune cell infiltrates in patients with IBD. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, CCR5 and integrin subunit beta 2 (ITGB2) were significantly upregulated in the IBD mouse model, and suppression of ITGB2 expression alleviated IBD inflammation in mice. Additionally, the expression of ITGB2 was upregulated in IBD‐associated colorectal cancer (CRC). The silence of ITGB2 suppressed cell proliferation and tumour growth in vitro and in vivo. ITGB2 resting DCs may provide a therapeutic strategy for IBD, and ITGB2 may be a potential diagnostic marker for IBD‐associated CRC.
Risk stratification for cardiovascular disease based on prior coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Oe Momoko , Fujihara Kazuya , Yamada Mayuko Harada , Osawa Taeko , Kitazawa Masaru , Matsubayashi Yasuhiro , Sato Takaaki , Yaguchi Yuta , Iwanaga Midori , Yamada Takaho , Sone Hirohito 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAims/IntroductionHistory of coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebrovascular disease (CeVD), type 2 diabetes and their combined effect on cardiovascular disease are essential for cardiovascular risk management. We investigated the association of prior CAD, prior CeVD, type 2 diabetes and their combination with the risk of cardiovascular disease.Materials and MethodsThis is a historical cohort study including 342,033 participants (aged 18–72 years) followed up for ≥5 years between 2008 and 2016. Participants were classified into eight groups (with or without prior CAD, prior CeVD and type 2 diabetes). Type 2 Diabetes was defined by fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels, and antidiabetic drug prescription. Prior and subsequent CAD and CeVD were identified according to claims using International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes, medical procedures and questionnaires. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the risk of cardiovascular events.ResultsThe median follow‐up period was 6.4 years. The incidence of composite cardiovascular events of CAD and CeVD in the CAD−/CeVD−, CAD+/CeVD−, CAD−/CeVD+ and CAD+/CeVD+ groups were 1.92 and 6.94, 25.14 and 31.98 per 1,000 person‐years in non‐diabetes participants, and 8.66, 18.04, 39.98 and 60.72 in type 2 diabetes patients, respectively. Hazard ratios of cardiovascular events compared with CAD−/CeVD−/non‐diabetes were 1.66 (95% confidence interval 1.55–1.78) in CAD−/CeVD−/type 2 diabetes and 1.84 (1.56–2.18) in CAD+/CeVD−/non‐diabetes. CeVD+ was linked to a 4‐7‐fold increase in the risk of cardiovascular events regardless of CAD+ or type 2 diabetes.ConclusionsType 2 diabetes increased the risk of cardiovascular disease as high as a history of CAD, whereas prior CeVD alone increased the risk of future CeVD without additional effects by type 2 diabetes.
Navigating through the healthcare system with atopic dermatitis: Analysing patient journeys in Germany
Authors: Tizek Lu. , Tizek Li. , Schneider S. , Wecker H. , Welzel J. , Biedermann T. , Zink A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD), which can significantly impact quality of life, is a complex, heterogeneous skin disease affecting all ages and therefore can lead to very different patient journeys. Understanding the patient journey within the healthcare system is essential for improving care outcomes.ObjectivesTo explore the patient journey of individuals with AD in Germany, with a specific focus on the utilization of Internet resources throughout this process.MethodsA cross‐sectional study using a self‐administered questionnaire was conducted from June 2021 to February 2022. Participants were recruited from dermatology private practices, a university hospital and online platforms.ResultsThe study included 276 participants (62.3% female; mean age: 46.3 ± 18.4 years; mean disease duration: 26.9 ± 17.5 years; mean DLQ Index: 10.0 ± 5.6). Around 191 participants were currently receiving medical treatment, with 9.1% receiving biologic therapy. Most of the people initially contacted a GP (42.4%) and were diagnosed by a dermatologist first (57.6%). Around 47.1% were currently in treatment by a dermatologist, seeking dermatological care on average 4.5 times a year. Almost all individuals (86.2%) have already consulted more than one physician during their patient journey. Overall, participants consulted a median of five physicians, while those with severe AD consulted a median of six physicians. Initial symptoms to diagnosis and between consulting two different physicians both had a median duration of 6 months. Dissatisfaction with treatment outcomes emerged as a common reason for changing physicians. Approximately 76.4% of participants used the Internet for disease‐related information, primarily relying on Google. Overall, 63% found the information quality unsatisfactory.ConclusionsThe study underlines the widespread utilization of medical treatment and the proactive healthcare‐seeking behaviour during a long patient journey. Dissatisfaction with treatment outcomes, alternative medicine and the quality of the Internet sources emphasize the potential for improving the comprehensive disease management to improve care outcomes.
International consensus on methotrexate dosing for patients with atopic dermatitis: An eDelphi study
Authors: Caron Anouk G. M. , van Huizen Astrid M. , Musters Annelie A. H. , Gerbens Louise A. A. , Middelkamp Hup Maritza A. , Flohr Carsten , Irvine Alan D. , Vestergaard Christian , Peris Ketty , Brandling‐Bennett Heather A. , Drucker Aaron M. , Spuls Phyllis I. ,   the MTX Consensus for AD Survey Study Group
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite the widespread off‐label use of methotrexate (MTX) for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), there is limited high‐quality evidence on dosing regimens and existing guidelines do not provide clear recommendations regarding dosing strategies.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to achieve international consensus among AD experts to standardize the dosing regimen for MTX treatment in adults and children with AD.MethodsAn electronic Delphi (eDelphi) study was conducted from October 2021 to September 2022. Recruitment was conducted through dermatology societies and AD interest groups. Participation was open to dermatologists and dermatology residents experienced in treating AD patients with MTX. The study consisted of three online rounds. The first round was informed by a systematic review of relevant literature, and subsequent rounds were adjusted based on the results of the previous round. Participants voted on 19 proposals using a 9‐point scale (1–3 disagree, 4–6 neither agree nor disagree, 7–9 agree). Consensus was achieved when at least 70% of participants agreed, and less than 15% disagreed. Proposals that did not reach consensus in the first three rounds were discussed in a consensus meeting, where consensus was defined as less than 30% disagreement.ResultsIn total, 152 participants completed Round 1, 104 (68%) completed all survey rounds, and 43 (28%) joined the consensus meeting. Consensus was achieved on 7 proposals in Round 1, 4 in Round 2 and 6 in Round 3. The final 2 proposals reached consensus during the consensus meeting. Consensus topics include test dose, start dose, maximum dose, administration route, dosing schedule, management of stopping treatment, treatment duration and folic acid supplementation.ConclusionsThis eDelphi study achieved consensus on 19 proposals related to MTX dosing for adults and children with AD. These results aim to guide prescribing decisions and encourage a standardized global approach to MTX use in AD.
Association between nurses’ personal, professional and work characteristics, and engagement in hospital‐based clinical research
Authors: Colwill Jennifer , DiCioccio Heather Condo , Bena James F. , Morrison Shannon L. , Hall Ashley , Masina Visnja , Vanek Robon , Albert Nancy M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess the associations between demographic, professional and other personal nurse characteristics, social support factors and comfort in conducting research with nurses' level of active participation in clinical research.DesignA prospective, cross‐sectional, correlational design was used.MethodsClinical nurses working in a multihospital healthcare system were recruited by email to complete an anonymous survey that used multiple valid and reliable scales to assess demographic and professional work characteristics, curiosity, grit, locus of control, perceived social support (for research activities), comfort in conducting research, and level of being research‐active. Univariate and multivariable analyses were completed.ResultsOf 310 participants, 274 (88.4%) were female and mean (SD) age was 42.9 (13.1) years. After condensing 11 levels of research activity to four categories, 179 (57.7%) were not research‐active, and 91 (29.4%), 26 (8.3%) and 14 (4.5%) were engaged at low, moderate, and high levels, respectively. Of 78 factors, 69 (88.5%) were associated with being research‐active in univariate analyses. In multivariable analysis that adjusted for age, personal experience as a patient, years as a nurse and hours in direct patient care, professionalism characteristics, higher curiosity, internal locus of control, grit perseverance, support of a nurse scientist and nurse friends, and comfort in conducting research remained associated with higher levels of being research‐active (all p < 0.01).ConclusionResearch‐active nurses were more likely to be engaged professionally in hospital‐based activities beyond their work roles and displayed higher levels of positive psychological characteristics and mentorship that supported research capacity.Clinical RelevanceResearch‐active nurses were more likely to have internal factors and external resources that promoted higher levels of being research‐active. A strong professional governance model may enhance clinical nurses research activities.
Facial pore refining by targeting dermal and epidermal functions: Assessment across age and gender
Authors: De Tollenaere Morgane , Meunier Marie , Durduret Anaïs , Chapuis Emilie , Auriol Pascale , Auriol Daniel , Scandolera Amandine , Reynaud Romain 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundConspicuous facial pores are benign but represent a cosmetic concern for men and women. Recent works described dermal and epidermal impairments as clinical causes of enlarged pores. Morphological modifications of skin at the site of pores were associated with collagen density loss, possible alteration of extracellular matrix and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes.AimsA composition containing mannose‐6‐phosphate (Active Complex) was designed to address these different aspects of pore enlargement. In vitro and ex vivo evaluations were conducted in different models mimicking disturbance of dermal and epidermal functions. The pore refining activity of Active Complex was assessed in two clinical trials studying a Caucasian women cohort and an Asian men cohort.ResultsAt the dermal level, Active Complex upregulated collagen I and decorin synthesis, and genes encoding collagens I, III, V, VII, XVII; suggesting its ability to favor collagen fiber organization and anchorage. The downregulation of matrix metalloprotease, involved in extracellular matrix degradation, reinforced the protective effect of Active Complex in the dermis. Active Complex down modulated differentiation markers in keratinocytes as well as genes involved in cell renewal. Study of reconstructed human epidermis modeling keratinocyte hyperproliferation revealed that Active Complex mitigated two markers of this state: number of nuclei in the stratum corneum and involucrin expression. Clinical trials confirmed the pore refining activity of Active Complex on men and women of different ages and ethnicities; −24% total skin pore area after 56 days of application on women, and −30.2% on men after 7 days.ConclusionsThis work demonstrates the interest to target dermal and epidermal modifications described in conspicuous pore area, especially dermis fiber organization, to address this cosmetic concern.
Will “you be found?”—Intratextual social media and going viral in the contemporary teen musical
Authors: Sottile Emry 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs musical theater has gained traction with younger audiences, producers have put out numerous new shows that focus on the modern high school experience in an attempt to capture this target audience. Social media has moved beyond being an off‐stage marketing tactic and has since warped into an on‐stage plot device to feel authentic to audiences. Through analyzing Dear Evan Hansen, The Prom, and Teenage Dick, social media in contemporary theater is a proven means to stay relevant to young audiences that can highlight the unificatory and divisive nature of digital spaces with respect to twenty‐first century adolescence and identity.
KARS Mutations Impair Brain Myelination by Inducing Oligodendrocyte Deficiency: One Potential Mechanism and Improvement by Melatonin
Authors: Yu Lijia , Chen Zhilin , Zhou Xiaolong , Teng Fei , Bai Qing‐Ran , Li Lixi , Li Yunhong , Liu Ying , Zeng Qiyu , Wang Yong , Wang Meihua , Xu Yaling , Tang Xiaohui , Wang Xijin 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTIt is very crucial to investigate key molecules that are involved in myelination to gain an understanding of brain development and injury. We have reported for the first time that pathogenic variants p.R477H and p.P505S in KARS, which encodes lysyl‐tRNA synthetase (LysRS), cause leukoencephalopathy with progressive cognitive impairment in humans. The role and action mechanisms of KARS in brain myelination during development are unknown. Here, we first generated Kars knock‐in mouse models through the CRISPR‐Cas9 system. Kars knock‐in mice displayed significant cognitive deficits. These mice also showed significantly reduced myelin density and content, as well as significantly decreased myelin thickness during development. In addition, Kars mutations significantly induced oligodendrocyte differentiation arrest and reduction in the brain white matter of mice. Mechanically, oligodendrocytes’ significantly imbalanced expression of differentiation regulators and increased capase‐3‐mediated apoptosis were observed in the brain white matter of Kars knock‐in mice. Furthermore, Kars mutations significantly reduced the aminoacylation and steady‐state level of mitochondrial tRNALys and decreased the protein expression of subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complexes in the brain white matter. Kars knock‐in mice showed decreased activity of complex IV and significantly reduced ATP production and increased reactive oxygen species in the brain white matter. Significantly increased percentages of abnormal mitochondria and mitochondrion area were observed in the oligodendrocytes of Kars knock‐in mouse brain. Finally, melatonin (a mitochondrion protectant) significantly attenuated mitochondrion and oligodendrocyte deficiency in the brain white matter of KarsR504H/P532S mice. The mice treated with melatonin also showed significantly restored myelination and cognitive function. Our study first establishes Kars knock‐in mammal models of leukoencephalopathy and cognitive impairment and indicates important roles of KARS in the regulation of mitochondria, oligodendrocyte differentiation and survival, and myelination during brain development and application prospects of melatonin in KARS (or even aaRS)‐related diseases.
Trends and status of harbor seals in Washington State, USA (1977–2023)
Authors: Pearson Scott F. , Amburgey Staci M. , Clark Casey T. , Tanedo Sarah A. , London Josh M. , Huber Harriet R. , Jeffries Steven J. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHarbor seal (Phoca vitulina) numbers in the United States rebounded after the implementation of conservation measures associated with the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (MMPA). Stock estimates are a critical tool for assessing species status and management options under the MMPA and for modeling efforts designed to evaluate the role of pinnipeds in marine ecosystems. We conducted aerial surveys of harbor seal haul‐out sites between 1977 and 2023 to estimate population size and trends in four Washington State, USA, stocks: (1) Hood Canal, (2) Southern Puget Sound, (3) Washington Northern Inland Waters, and (4) the Washington portion of the Oregon‐Washington Coastal Stock. We fit a Bayesian state‐space model to estimate population trends for all stocks, as well as the Washington Coast region, and present carrying capacities and maximum net productivity levels for all stocks. The most recent population estimates for the three inland water stocks are within their optimal sustainable population range, with some evidence that the Southern Puget Sound Stock is continuing to grow.
Conserved features and diversity attributes of chimeric RNAs across accessions in four plants
Authors: Cong Jia , Zhang Sinan , Zhang Qi , Yu Xiting , Huang Jiazhi , Wei Xin , Huang Xuehui , Qiu Jie , Zhou Xiaoyi 
Published: August 2024

SummaryAs a non‐collinear expression form of genetic information, chimeric RNAs increase the complexity of transcriptome in diverse organisms. Although chimeric RNAs have been identified in plants, few common features have been revealed. Here, we systemically explored the landscape of chimeric RNAs across multi‐accession and multi‐tissue using pan‐genome and transcriptome data of four plants: rice, maize, soybean, and Arabidopsis. Among the four species, conserved characteristics of breakpoints and parental genes were discovered. In each species, chimeric RNAs displayed a high level of diversity among accessions, and the clustering of accessions using chimeric events was generally concordant with clustering based on genomic variants, implying a general relationship between genetic variations and chimeric RNAs. Through mass spectrometry, we confirmed a fusion protein OsNDC1‐OsGID1L2 and observed its subcellular localization, which differed from the original proteins. Phenotypic cues in transgenic rice suggest the potential functions of OsNDC1‐OsGID1L2. Moreover, an intriguing chimeric event Os01g0216500–Os01g0216900, generated by a large deletion in basmati rice, also exists in another accession without the deletion, demonstrating its convergence in evolution. Our results illuminate the characteristics and hint at the evolutionary implications of plant chimeric RNAs, which serve as a supplement to genetic variations, thus expanding our understanding of genetic diversity.
A novel Pik allele confers extended resistance to rice blast
Authors: Qi Zhongqiang , Meng Xiuli , Xu Ming , Du Yan , Yu Junjie , Song Tianqiao , Pan Xiayan , Zhang Rongsheng , Cao Huijuan , Yu Mina , Telebanco‐Yanoria Mary Jeanie , Lu Guodong , Zhou Bo , Liu Yongfeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn the ongoing arms race between rice and Magnaporthe oryzae, the pathogen employs effectors to evade the immune response, while the host develops resistance genes to recognise these effectors and confer resistance. In this study, we identified a novel Pik allele, Pik‐W25, from wild rice WR25 through bulked‐segregant analysis, creating the Pik‐W25 NIL (Near‐isogenic Lines) named G9. Pik‐W25 conferred resistance to isolates expressing AvrPik‐C/D/E alleles. CRISPR‐Cas9 editing was used to generate transgenic lines with a loss of function in Pik‐W25‐1 and Pik‐W25‐2, resulting in loss of resistance in G9 to isolates expressing the three alleles, confirming that Pik‐W25‐induced immunity required both Pik‐W25‐1 and Pik‐W25‐2. Yeast two‐hybrid (Y2H) and split luciferase complementation assays showed interactions between Pik‐W25‐1 and the three alleles, while Pik‐W25‐2 could not interact with AvrPik‐C, ‐D, and ‐E alleles with Y2H assay, indicating Pik‐W25‐1 acts as an adaptor and Pik‐W25‐2 transduces the signal to trigger resistance. The Pik‐W25 NIL exhibited enhanced field resistance to leaf and panicle blast without significant changes in morphology or development compared to the parent variety CO39, suggesting its potential for resistance breeding. These findings advance our knowledge of rice blast resistance mechanisms and offer valuable resources for effective and sustainable control strategies.
Lack of knowledge about the human papillomavirus vaccine among Brazilian adolescents: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Silva Tércia Moreira Ribeiro da , Sá Ana Carolina Micheletti G. N. de , Carrato Barbara Aguiar , Siqueira Costa Schreck Rafaela , Prates Elton Junio Sady , Oliveira Suelen Rosa de , Malta Deborah Carvalho 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo analyze the distribution and factors associated with lack of knowledge about the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine among Brazilian adolescents.Cross‐sectional study using the 2019 National School Health Survey among 17,805 Brazilian students of public and private schools, aged 13–17 years. The outcome variable was “lack of knowledge about the HPV vaccine” and the explanatory variables were sociodemographic, behaviors, knowledge, and health conditions. Logistic regression model was used to calculate Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Spatial analysis techniques were used to determine the formation of clusters in the federated units with similar proportions of adolescents who were unaware of the vaccine. The lack of knowledge about the HPV vaccine was reported by 45.54% of Brazilian students. There was a higher chance of lack of knowledge having had sexual intercourse (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.20–1.70); attending public school (OR 1.72; 95%CI 1.47–2.02) and located in the Northeast Region (OR 1.35; 95%CI 1.08–1.69). The lower chance of lack of knowledge were female gender (OR 0.41; 95% CI 0.35–0.48), higher maternal education (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.50–0.77) self‐rated health as Poor/very poor (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.49–0.86) and receiving contraceptive counseling (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.65–0.91). The proportion of lack of knowledge about the HPV vaccine was higher with the formation of High–High spatial clusters in the states of Maranhão, Piauí, and Pernambuco. Sociodemographic, health, and behavioral conditions and knowledge of students, as well as school characteristics, were associated with lack of knowledge about the HPV vaccine. A higher frequency of lack of knowledge about the HPV vaccine among adolescents was found in the states of the Northeastern Region.