bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fathers for Change for Substance Use and Intimate Partner Violence: Initial Community Pilot
Authors: Stover Carla Smith 
Published: February 2015

The lack of focus on the role of men as fathers within intervention programs for men with histories of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) or substance abuse is of significant concern given the large numbers of these men who are actively parenting and coparenting children. Fathers for Change is a new intervention designed to fill this gap. Eighteen fathers with co‐occurring IPV and substance abuse were randomly assigned to Fathers for Change or Individual Drug Counseling (IDC). They were assessed at baseline, post‐intervention and 3 months following the 16‐week intervention period. Men in the Fathers for Change group: (1) were more likely to complete treatment; (2) reported significantly greater satisfaction with the program; (3) reported a trend toward less IPV; and (4) exhibited significantly less intrusiveness in coded play interactions with their children following treatment than fathers in the IDC group. Results indicate further evaluation of this intervention in a larger sample is warranted. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
Pilot Study of a Program to Increase Mothers’ Understanding of Dads
Authors: Fagan Jay , Cherson Mollie , Brown Christopher , Vecere Eric 
Published: February 2015

The present study evaluated the effects of mothers' participation in an 8‐week coparenting intervention program, Understanding Dad™, on mothers' awareness and attitudes regarding how their relationships with fathers influence paternal involvement with children, knowledge of healthy pro‐relationship skills, and relationship self‐efficacy. Thirty‐four mothers were recruited from four sites to participate in a study that used a pretest/posttest one‐group design. Over the course of this 8‐week program, mothers demonstrated moderate to large gains in each of the outcome measures, after controlling for mothers' educational level. Moreover, there was one significant within‐subjects interaction effect for time × location. That is, mothers made significantly greater gains in pro‐relationship knowledge in one of the intervention sites. Implications for future research are discussed.
Genetic associations with brain cortical thickness in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Matsushita T. , Madireddy L. , Sprenger T. , Khankhanian P. , Magon S. , Naegelin Y. , Caverzasi E. , Lindberg R. L. P. , Kappos L. , Hauser S. L. , Oksenberg J. R. , Henry R. , Pelletier D. , Baranzini S. E. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by temporal and spatial dissemination of demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system. Associated neurodegenerative changes contributing to disability have been recognized even at early disease stages. Recent studies show the importance of gray matter damage for the accrual of clinical disability rather than white matter where demyelination is easily visualized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The susceptibility to MS is influenced by genetic risk, but genetic factors associated with the disability are not known. We used MRI data to determine cortical thickness in 557 MS cases and 75 controls and in another cohort of 219 cases. We identified nine areas showing different thickness between cases and controls (regions of interest, ROI) (eight of them were negatively correlated with Kurtzke's expanded disability status scale, EDSS) and conducted genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) in 464 and 211 cases available from the two data sets. No marker exceeded genome‐wide significance in the discovery cohort. We next combined nominal statistical evidence of association with physical evidence of interaction from a curated human protein interaction network, and searched for subnetworks enriched with nominally associated genes and for commonalities between the two data sets. This network‐based pathway analysis of GWAS detected gene sets involved in glutamate signaling, neural development and an adjustment of intracellular calcium concentration. We report here for the first time gene sets associated with cortical thinning of MS. These genes are potentially correlated with disability of MS.
Rates of Return and Early Retirement Disincentives: Evidence from a German Pension Reform
Authors: Lüthen Holger 
Published: February 2015

Abstract
To counteract the financial pressure emerging in aging societies, statutory pension schemes are undergoing fundamental reforms in many Western countries. Starting with cohort 1937, Germany introduced permanent pension deductions for early retirement. This study examines the profitability of pension contributions against the background of this reform for cohorts 1935-1945. Internal rates of return (IRR) are used to measure the profitability. For men, the IRR declines from 2.4% to 1.2% and for women from 5.2% to 3.7%. The results suggest that the majority of the trend, about 75-80%, is caused by increased pension contributions and not by the reform.
Far from the Madding Crowd: Slow Innovators, Information Value, and the Geography of Innovation
Authors: Shearmur Richard 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe open innovation paradigm has become central for understanding firm‐level innovation, and is being refined and questioned as researchers explore its limits. However, it has been rather uncritically adopted by many economic geographers since it provides backing for a variety of theories and observations that point towards innovation occurring in geographically concentrated clusters and cities and towards the role that proximity plays. Evidence that innovation can and does occur outside of clusters and cities, whilst widespread, has not displaced the prevailing idea that innovation and geographic concentration are intimately linked. In this paper, I first go over these arguments, focussing on the reasons why innovation is thought to be associated with cities and clusters. I then propose a framework that accounts for the clustering of innovative firms, for the role of cities, and for the fact that empirical work consistently shows that firms introduce first‐to‐market innovations in a wide variety of geographic contexts, including isolated and peripheral ones. The framework (re)introduces time and place as key factors, which determine not the diffusion, but the value to innovators, of different types of information.
Impact of severe haemophilia A on patients' health status: results from the guardian™ 1 clinical trial of turoctocog alfa (NovoEight®)
Authors: Ozelo M. , Chowdary P. , Regnault A. , Busk A. K. 
Published: February 2015

SummaryHaemophilia and its treatment interfere with patients' life and may affect adherence to treatment. This study explored the impact of severe haemophilia A on patients' health status, especially in young adults (YA), using data from guardian™ 1, a multinational, open‐label, non‐controlled phase 3 trial investigating safety and efficacy of turoctocog alfa (NovoEight®) in previously treated patients aged 12 years and older with severe haemophilia A (FVIII ≤ 1%). Health status was assessed using the EuroQoL‐5 dimensions (EQ‐5D‐3L), covering 5 dimensions of health (mobility, self‐care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression), and a visual analogue scale (VAS) measuring self‐rated overall health status. EQ‐5D was administered pretreatment (screening/baseline) and posttreatment (end‐of‐trial). Baseline responses to the EQ‐5D dimensions and VAS were described overall and by age and compared to reference values from UK general population. Guardian™ 1 included 150 patients (16 adolescents, 83 YA aged 16–29 and 51 adults aged 30+). All five dimensions of patients' health status were impacted at baseline. The percentage of haemophilia patients reporting problems was consistently significantly greater than age‐matched general population reference values. Likewise, for all age groups mean baseline EQ‐5D VAS score was significantly lower for haemophilia patients (YA: 78.0) than for the general population (YA aged 18–29: 87.3). The health status of patients with severe haemophilia A entering guardian™ 1 was markedly poorer than that of the general population, particularly regarding mobility and pain. YA patients reported better health status than older patients, but considerably lower than that of the general YA population.
Accuracy of Family History Reports of Migraine in a Community‐Based Family Study of Migraine
Authors: Lateef Tarannum M. , Cui Lihong , Nakamura Erin , Dozier Jaclyn , Merikangas Kathleen 
Published: February 2015

BackgroundFamily history of migraine is the most potent and consistent risk factor for migraine. However, there has been limited systematic research on the reliability of family history information in detecting migraine based on valid diagnostic interviews. This study systematically evaluated the accuracy of migraine defined by the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD‐II) based on a direct structured interview compared to structured family history reports. The aim of the present study was to assess the validity of migraine diagnosis provided by family history compared with direct interview using a validated diagnostic interview of headache syndromes in the context of a family study of migraine comorbidity.MethodsThe sample included 921 study participants identified in a cross‐sectional community‐based controlled family study of comorbidity of migraine and affective disorders recruited from the greater Washington, DC community. Lifetime migraine and tension‐type headache were ascertained by direct clinical interview using a validated interview that collects ICHD‐II criteria for headache syndromes. A structured history of headache was also collected from all interviewed probands and relatives regarding their relatives. All family history reports were reviewed by the study neurologist according to ICHD‐II criteria. Family history ratings and diagnoses were made by the neurologist, who was blinded to the headache diagnosis obtained by direct interview.ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity of family history reports of migraine compared with direct interview were 38.6% and 96.8%, respectively, indicating that the false positive rate was very low, whereas the false negative rate was substantial. The positive and negative predictive values of migraine diagnosis provided by family member report are 90.0% and 67.6%, respectively.ConclusionsOur results confirm that migraine assessed by family member report largely underestimates migraine in relatives. This demonstrates the value of direct interviews with relatives rather than reliance on family history report in both clinical practice and family and genetic studies. Potential steps to improve the reliability of family history report in clinical settings are described.
Negotiating the ‘grey area between normal social drinking and being a smelly tramp’: a qualitative study of people searching for help online to reduce their drinking
Authors: Khadjesari Zarnie , Stevenson Fiona , Godfrey Christine , Murray Elizabeth 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIntroduction and aimsDelivering brief interventions for hazardous and harmful drinking on the Internet may broaden the availability of services and overcome some barriers to accessing help in person. The Down Your Drink (DYD) website, an extended brief intervention, attracted a large number of people looking to reduce their drinking. The aim was to explore the experiences of this e‐help seeking population.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with participants in the DYD trial – an online trial of the effectiveness of DYD compared with an information‐only website. Interviewees were asked how they came across the DYD website. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed by a multidisciplinary team using detailed thematic analysis.ResultsEighteen participants were interviewed. Most interviewees perceived their drinking to be a problem, which led them to search the Internet and register for the DYD trial in order to gain access to an intervention to help them reduce their drinking. The type of help required varied from information on the harms of drinking to help with a recognized problem. The privacy of the Internet was perceived as important when searching for help with drinking, as this avoids the stigma and embarrassment associated with help seeking in person. Almost all interviewees perceived a lack of services both online and offline for people wanting to moderate their drinking.ConclusionThere is a perceived gap in services for hazardous and harmful drinkers wanting to reduce their drinking which could be addressed using online interventions.
HIV/AIDS‐related stigma and information behaviour: an ethnographic study in the UK
Authors: Namuleme Robinah Kalemeera 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis feature explores the information behaviour of people infected with or affected by HIV/AIDS. It investigates specifically the difficult issue of stigma and how this shapes the ways in which people interact with vital information. The study adopted an ethnographic whereby the researcher worked as a part‐time volunteer at an HIV support centre in the North of England for over a year. This is the first time that such an approach has been reported in this feature and is interesting from this perspective alone. The very rich data which was gathered as a result of the approach is also instructive. The study formed part of a PhD thesis, which Robinah Kalemeera Namuleme completed at the University of Sheffield in March 2013.
Looking beyond satisfaction: evaluating the value and impact of information skills training
Authors: Raynor Michael , Craven Jenny 
Published: February 2015

AbstractIn this feature guest writers Michael Raynor and Jenny Craven from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) present an overview of their evaluative research study on the value and impact of the information skills training courses they provide at NICE. In particular, this small study used a combination of qualitative and quantitative data to look beyond satisfaction and confidence levels and identify whether learning had actually taken place as a result of attending the sessions, and how new skills were used by the attendees in their day‐to‐day work.H.S.
Medical scientists' information practices in the research work context
Authors: Roos Annikki 
Published: February 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate the information practices of medical scientists in the research work context.MethodsThis is a qualitative study based on semi‐structured interviews. The interviews were transcribed and analysed in a web tool for qualitative analysis. Activity theory was used as the theoretical framework.ResultsThe generating motives for the information related activity come from the core activity, research work. The motives result in actions such as searching and using information. Usability, accessibility and ease of use are the most important conditions that determine information related operations. Medical scientists search and use information most of all in the beginning and at the end of the research work.ConclusionsInformation practices appear as an instrument producing activity to the central activity. Information services should be embedded in this core activity and in practice libraries should follow researchers' workflow and embed their tools and services in it.
The prognostic role of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers E‐cadherin and Slug in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cappellesso Rocco , Marioni Gino , Crescenzi Marika , Giacomelli Luciano , Guzzardo Vincenza , Mussato Alessio , Staffieri Alberto , Martini Alessandro , Blandamura Stella , Fassina Ambrogio 
Published: February 2015

AimsLaryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) prognosis is definitely related to lymph node metastasis. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) allows neoplastic cells to gain the plasticity and motility required for tumour progression and metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of EMT in the prognosis of LSCC.Methods and resultsImmunohistochemical analysis of E‐cadherin, N‐cadherin, Snail, Slug, ZEB1, and ZEB2 was performed in 37 consecutive LSCC cases. Low E‐cadherin levels and high Slug levels correlated with both disease recurrence (P = 0.02 and P =0.01, respectively) and shorter disease‐free survival (DFS) (P = 0.04 and P = 0.02, respectively). Relative expression levels of CDH1, SNAI2, miR‐1 and the miR‐200 family were also evaluated. CDH1, miR‐200a and miR‐200c down‐regulation and SNAI2 overexpression were significantly associated with disease recurrence (P = 0.03, P = 0.02, P = 0.04, and P = 0.04, respectively).ConclusionsEMT increases tumour recurrence risk and shortens DFS in LSCC. E‐cadherin and Slug immunohistochemical analysis could be useful for identifying patients requiring more aggressive treatment after surgery.
Online Fraud Victims in England and Wales: Victims' Views on Sentencing and the Opportunity for Restorative Justice?
Authors: Button Mark , McNaughton Nicholls Carol , Kerr Jane , Owen Rachael 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThe advent of the Internet has expanded opportunities to commit fraud and millions regularly fall victim. Fraud victims in general have been largely neglected by researchers in comparison with other crimes. There has also been very little research on issues related to the sentencing of fraudsters. This article offers some of the first insights on what individual online fraud victims actually want regarding the sentencing of the scammers who target them. It explores their views on aggravating and mitigating factors as well as the different types of sanction which can be used. The article particularly highlights the opportunities and attraction of restorative justice‐based approaches to victims. It uses data from in‐depth interviews with 15 online fraud victims, six focus groups with a further 48 online fraud victims and interviews with nine professional stakeholders involved in combating this problem.
Artificial light at night inhibits mating in a Geometrid moth
Authors: van Geffen Koert G. , van Eck Emiel , de Boer Rens A. , van Grunsven Roy H.A. , Salis Lucia , Berendse Frank , Veenendaal Elmar M. 
Published: February 2015

Abstract

Levels of artificial night lighting are increasing rapidly worldwide, subjecting nocturnal organisms to a major change in their environment. Many moth species are strongly attracted to sources of artificial night lighting, with potentially severe, yet poorly studied, consequences for development, reproduction and inter/intra‐specific interactions.

Here, we present results of a field‐based experiment where we tested effects of various types of artificial lighting on mating in the winter moth (Operophtera brumata, Lepidoptera: Geometridae). We illuminated trunks of oak trees with green, white, red or no artificial LED light at night, and caught female O. brumata on these trunks using funnel traps. The females were dissected to check for the presence of a spermatophore, a sperm package that is delivered by males to females during mating.

We found a strong reduction in the number of females on the illuminated trunks, indicating artificial light inhibition of activity. Furthermore, artificial light inhibited mating: 53% of females caught on non‐illuminated trunks had mated, whereas only 13%, 16% and 28% of the females that were caught on green, white and red light illuminated trunks had mated respectively.

A second experiment showed that artificial night lighting reduced the number of males that were attracted to a synthetic O. brumata pheromone lure. This effect was strongest under red light and mildest under green light.

This study provides, for the first time, field‐based evidence that artificial night lighting disrupts reproductive behaviour of moths, and that reducing short wavelength radiation only partly mitigates these negative effects.
Sharing enemies: evidence of forest contribution to natural enemy communities in crops, at different spatial scales
Authors: González Ezequiel , Salvo Adriana , Valladares Graciela 
Published: February 2015

Abstract

The increase in cultivated lands has led to ecosystem and biodiversity loss. Arthropod natural enemies, involved in the ecosystem service of biological control, benefit from non‐crop habitat and may be affected by its proximity and amount in the landscape.

We have evaluated natural enemy richness and composition in relation to forest cover in the landscape and distance from the forest, for a Chaco Serrano forest‐soybean crop system. Forest contribution to natural enemies on soybean was also investigated, by assessing similarities between forest and crop assemblages, and examining body size of shared enemies in relation to distance from the forest. In nine landscape circles, yellow pan traps were placed in forest and soybean crops (5, 25, 50 and 100 m from forest edge), which collected 8041 specimens representing 290 species.

Species richness of natural enemies was positively related to forest cover and declined from the forest to the furthermost soybean locations, with both forest cover and its proximity affecting community composition. Also, similarity of forest and crop assemblages increased with forest cover and proximity. Finally, forest‐crop shared assemblages showed larger average body size at greater distances from the forest, indicating dispersal limitations on forest contribution to the crop.

Our results suggest that forest species are important components of natural enemy communities on soybean, and that both the amount of natural habitat and its proximity may influence agroecosystems. We emphasise the importance of non‐crop habitat to help maintain natural enemy communities and ensure the ecosystem service of pest control.
Tradeoffs between sensory attributes and organic labels: the case of orange juice
Authors: Bi Xiang , Gao Zhifeng , House Lisa A. , Hausmann Danielle S. 
Published: February 2015

AbstractResearchers have investigated the role of sensory attributes and organic labels on consumers’ preferences and perceptions of food, but few has examined whether sensory attributes are relevant for consumers who prefer organic food and the extent to which sensory attributes influence consumer's marginal willingness to pay for organic food. The objective of this study is to determine how sensory attributes and organic label work together to influence consumer's stated preference and marginal willingness to pay for orange juice. To achieve this, we conducted a blind sensory evaluation of two orange juices followed by a discrete choice experiment to determine the extent to which consumer's stated preference for orange juice labelled as organic is affected by sensory experience preceding the choice experiment. Random parameter logit models and latent class conditional logit models are used to explain stated preference. Results indicate that the effect of sensory attributes on consumer's marginal willingness to pay differed by organic juice and conventional juice.
Shopping online for goods vs. services: where do experiential features help more?
Authors: Shobeiri Saeed , Mazaheri Ebrahim , Laroche Michel 
Published: February 2015

AbstractThis study investigates how the type of offer sold online (goods vs. services) moderates the relationships between perceived experiential values and customers' attitudes towards the website. A sample of 107 e‐shoppers of services and 110 e‐shoppers of physical goods responded to a survey on their most recent e‐shopping experiences. Results support the majority of hypotheses. It was found that although offering experiential values on the site improves customers' attitudes for both physical goods and services websites, the impact is much stronger in the case of services. Theoretical and managerial contributions are discussed.