bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicidal behaviour and lipid levels in unipolar and bipolar depression
Authors: Ainiyet Babajohn , Rybakowski Janusz K. 
Published: July 2014

IntroductionEvidence for a possible association between a low level of cholesterol and increased suicidal behaviour has accumulated in the recent 3 decades. The present study investigates whether lipid levels can make state-dependent markers of suicidal behaviour in Polish patients with mood disorder recently admitted to a psychiatric hospital owing to an acute depressive episode.Materials and methodsThe study was conducted on 223 patients (73 male and 150 female) with unipolar (n=171) and bipolar (n=52) depression. They were interviewed to assess any occurrence of suicidal thoughts, suicidal tendencies and/or suicidal attempts during the 3 months before admission. Laboratory measurements [total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and total lipids] were obtained within 24–72 h after hospital admission.ResultsSuicidal thoughts, tendencies, and attempts were associated with low total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and total lipids in both male and female patients, in both diagnostic categories. Triglycerides were significantly lower in male and female patients with suicidal thoughts compared with their non-suicidal counterparts. No association with suicidality was found with HDL cholesterol.ConclusionsThe results of our study support a majority of research showing the association in depressed patients between suicidal behaviour and low levels of total and LDL cholesterol. In addition, the data suggest a similar association with low total lipids, and in some instances, with low triglycerides.
Thyroglossal duct cysts and obstructive sleep apnoea: three case reports and review of the literature
Authors: Safiruddin F , Mourits D L , de Vries N 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBackground:Thyroglossal duct cysts and obstructive sleep apnoea are commonly occurring medical conditions which appear to present independently in patients. However, we noted three cases where the thyroglossal duct cysts influenced the development and/or therapy of obstructive sleep apnoea. In this article, these three case studies are presented, as is a study of the association between thyroglossal duct cysts and obstructive sleep apnoea, preceded by a literature review.Case reports:The patient in the first case study underwent hyoidthyroidpexia for obstructive sleep apnoea, which revealed an unexpected thyroglossal duct cyst. The second patient had previously undergone Sistrunk surgery for the removal of a thyroglossal duct cyst and subsequently presented with obstructive sleep apnoea. Finally, the third patient, who had previously undergone Sistrunk surgery, presented with obstructive sleep apnoea and underwent alternative surgery as hyoidthyroidpexia was no longer possible.Conclusion:To our knowledge, the association between thyroglossal duct cysts and obstructive sleep apnoea has not been addressed previously. The results indicate that the relationship is much stronger than previously thought, and further research is required to investigate the extent of the association and possible causal relations.
Long-term effects of temperature on gonad production, colour and
flavour of the sea urchin Glyptocidaris crenularis
Authors: Zhao Chong , Tian Xiaofei , Sun Ping , Hu Lunchao , Feng Wenping , Chang Yaqing 
Published: July 2014

The increasing market demand for Glyptocidaris crenularis
shapes its great potential for aquaculture. Temperature is an important
factor affecting gonad production and quality of sea urchins. Therefore, it
is essential and valuable to carry out an evaluation of the temperature
effects on gonad production and quality in G. crenularis
before potential aquaculture. Here, we investigated the long-term effects of
temperature on gonad production, colour and flavour in G.
crenularis. There was no significant difference of test
diameter, height and body weight between the sea urchins in high (16–23°C)
and low (12–16°C) temperatures (P > 0.05).
Glyptocidaris crenularis showed significantly higher
gonad production and index in high temperature and in low temperature
(P < 0.05). L*, a*,
b* readings were slightly higher in the low temperature
groups, although no significant difference was found
(P > 0.05). Subjective colour and flavour ratings found
that G. crenularis in the low temperature group showed
significantly better colour (P = 0.003) and flavour
(P < 0.001) than those in the high temperature group.
The present study provides valuable and insightful information into the
establishing G. crenularis aquaculture.
Rainforest disturbance affects population density of the northern cassowaryCasuarius unappendiculatusin Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Pangau-Adam Margaretha , Mühlenberg Michael , Waltert Matthias 
Published: July 2014

AbstractNominally protected areas in Papua are under threat from encroachment, logging and hunting. The northern cassowaryCasuarius unappendiculatusis the largest frugivore of the lowland rainforest of New Guinea and is endemic to this region, and therefore it is an important conservation target and a potential flagship species. We investigated effects of habitat degradation on the species by means of distance sampling surveys of 58 line transects across five distinct habitats, from primary forest to forest gardens. Estimated cassowary densities ranged from 14.1 (95% CI 9.2–21.4) birds km−2in primary forest to 1.4 (95% CI 0.4–5.6) birds km−2in forest garden. Density estimates were intermediate in unlogged but hunted natural forest and in > 30 year-old secondary forest, and considerably lower in recently logged (< 3 years) forest. Cassowary abundance was positively correlated with canopy cover and with tree height and diameter, and negatively correlated with hunting traps and human trails. In generalized linear models cassowary abundance was best explained by the number of fruiting trees and potential water sources. The results suggest that although the northern cassowary is moderately tolerant of intermediate disturbance it is relatively intolerant of heavy disturbance such as intensive logging. To secure the populations of northern cassowary and of other large animal species in Papua, forest degradation needs to be addressed by enforcing regulations in existing protection forest and/or establishing new protected areas, such as wildlife reserves.
In vivolocalization of antibodies raised againstEimeria maximawall forming bodies during sexual intracellular development
Authors: FRÖLICH SONJA , SHAHPAREE ANNISHA , WASINGER VALERIE C. , WALLACH MICHAEL 
Published: July 2014

SUMMARYApicomplexan parasites cause devastating diseases in humans and livestock. Previously we demonstrated that antibodies targeting transmissible forms of the apicomplexan parasite,Eimeria, are effective at reducing parasite shedding thus preventing the transmission of the disease. However, the mechanisms responsible have not been fully defined. Moreover, there is no direct evidence that the parasite-specific IgG antibodies can reach the parasite developing in the enterocytes of the infected chicken host. This study summarizes our efforts using host immunity, parasite proteomics and 3D microscopy to provide a step forward in our understanding of how this immune response works.Eimeria maximais an important pathogen of poultry and used as a surrogate for a number of human pathogens includingToxoplasmaandPlasmodium. Our studies demonstrate that immunization with the purified wall forming bodies (WFBs) results in a production of parasite-specific IgG antibodies, which have the ability to reachin situgametocytes in the intestinal lumen and permeate the enterocyte/parasite membranes in order to bind to the cytoplasmic Type 1 and Type 2 WFBs. This raises the intriguing possibility that via this process antibodies block the development ofEimeria maxima in vivo.
Input sources of third person singular -sinconsistency in children with and without specific language impairment
Authors: LEONARD LAURENCE B. , FEY MARC E. , DEEVY PATRICIA , BREDIN-OJA SHELLEY L. 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTWe tested four predictions based on the assumption that optional infinitives can be attributed to properties of the input whereby children inappropriately extract non-finite subject–verb sequences (e.g.the girl run) from larger input utterances (e.g.Does the girl run? Let's watch the girl run). Thirty children with specific language impairment (SLI) and thirty typically developing children heard novel and familiar verbs that appeared exclusively either in utterances containing non-finite subject–verb sequences or in simple sentences with the verb inflected for third person singular -s. Subsequent testing showed strong input effects, especially for the SLI group. The results provide support for input-based factors as significant contributors not only to the optional infinitive period in typical development, but also to the especially protracted optional infinitive period seen in SLI.
Commissions and Omissions Are Dissociable Aspects of Everyday Action Impairment in Schizophrenia
Authors: Devlin Kathryn N. , Giovannetti Tania , Kessler Rachel K. , Fanning Molly J. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPrior research using performance-based assessment of functional impairment has informed a novel neuropsychological model of everyday action impairment in dementia in which omission errors (i.e., failure to complete task steps) dissociate from commission errors (i.e., inaccurate performance of task steps) and have unique neuropsychological correlates. However, this model has not been tested in other populations. The present study examined whether this model extends to schizophrenia. Fifty-four individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were administered a neuropsychological protocol and the Naturalistic Action Test (NAT), a performance-based measure of everyday action. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to examine the construct(s) comprising everyday action impairment, and correlations between the resultant component(s) and neuropsychological tests were examined. Results showed that omissions and a subset of commissions were distinct components of everyday action. However, results did not support unique associations between these components and specific neuropsychological measures. These findings extend the omission-commission model to schizophrenia and may have important implications for efficient assessment and effective rehabilitation of functional impairment, such as the potential efficacy of targeted interventions for the rehabilitation of omission and commission deficits in everyday functioning. Larger studies with prospective designs are needed to replicate the present preliminary findings. (JINS, 2014, 20, 1–10)
Food security status among grade 5 students in Nova Scotia, Canada and its association with health outcomes
Authors: Kirk Sara FL , Kuhle Stefan , McIsaac Jessie-Lee D , Williams Patty L , Rossiter Melissa , Ohinmaa Arto , Veugelers Paul J 
Published: July 2014

AbstractObjectiveFood security (FS) exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their needs. The present research sought to determine whether students from households experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity (FI) had poorer diet quality, higher body weights and poorer psychosocial outcomes than students from households classed as having high FS or marginal FI status.DesignPopulation-based survey conducted in schools. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore associations between FS status (high FS; marginal, moderate, severe FI), dietary behaviours and intake, and health-related outcomes (body weight, quality of life, mood, peer relationships, externalizing problems).SettingNova Scotia, Canada.SubjectsGrade 5 students (n5853), aged 10–11 years, with complete information on FS status and student outcomes.ResultsIn this sample, rates of household FS were 73·5 % (high FS), 8·3 % (marginal FI) 10·2 % (moderate FI) and 7·1 % (severe FI status). Students living in households experiencing moderate or severe FI had poorer diet quality, higher BMI and poorer psychosocial outcomes than students classed as having high FS or marginal FI.ConclusionsThese findings provide important evidence for policy makers on the prevalence of FI among families in Nova Scotia with grade 5 children and its relationship with childhood nutrition, psychosocial and quality of life factors, and weight status.
Granulomatous slack skin disease: a new combined proton and photon therapy approach with a reported case response
Authors: Farr Jonathan B. , Thornton Allan F. , O’Ryan-Blair Avril , Allgower Chris E. , Schroeter Arnold L. , Schreuder Andries N. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPurposeHere, we report the feasibility and long-term efficacy of a granulomatous slack skin disease (GSSD) treatment with combined high-energy photon and proton beams.Patient and methodsA GSSD patient with abdominal disease volume 25×15×2–4 cm deep was recommended for treatment at this institution. In addition to photons and electrons, high-energy protons delivered with advanced planning techniques and patient positioning were used. The patient was irradiated to a total dose of 40 Gy by using 20 Gy matched photon and electrons followed by 20 Gy equivalent protons delivered by using innovative range compensation and patient positioning.ResultsThe test patient tolerated the treatment well and is now a 10-year survivor of the disease.ConclusionsTreatment of GSSD with protons is feasible. The range and narrow penumbra properties of the proton beam provided an ideal capability to match fields accurately to cover large volumes while also sparing underlying normal tissues.
Spin evolution of Earth-sized exoplanets, including atmospheric tides and core–mantle friction
Authors: Cunha Diana , Correia Alexandre C.M. , Laskar Jacques 
Published: July 2014

AbstractPlanets with masses between 0.1 and 10 M⊕are believed to host dense atmospheres. These atmospheres can play an important role on the planet's spin evolution, since thermal atmospheric tides, driven by the host star, may counterbalance gravitational tides. In this work, we study the long-term spin evolution of Earth-sized exoplanets. We generalize previous works by including the effect of eccentric orbits and obliquity. We show that under the effect of tides and core–mantle friction, the obliquity of the planets evolves either to 0° or 180°. The rotation of these planets is also expected to evolve into a very restricted number of equilibrium configurations. In general, none of these equilibria is synchronous with the orbital mean motion. The role of thermal atmospheric tides becomes more important for Earth-sized planets in the habitable zones of their systems; so they cannot be neglected when we search for their potential habitability.
Cognitive Remediation Therapy for borderline personality disorder: is it a feasible and acceptable treatment? A pilot study of two single cases
Authors: Reeder Clare , Stevens Peter , Liddement James , Huddy Vyv 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with problems in attention, memory, planning and cognitive flexibility, which may underpin aspects of behavioural dysregulation. Cognitive remediation (CR) is an individual psychological therapy which aims to improve thinking skills and thus positively impact everyday functioning. We aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of CR for two BPD patients who had not previously engaged with psychological therapy. Participants were assessed using neuropsychological, symptom and social functioning measures and then received up to 40 sessions of individual CR. They were re-assessed post-therapy and 3 months later, and rated their experience of CR. The participants reported increased self-esteem and improved memory. Neuropsychological tests showed executive functioning improvements post-therapy, which were partially maintained at follow-up. CR was a feasible and acceptable therapeutic approach for these two participants and may hold promise as a complementary therapeutic approach for BPD characterized by marked cognitive problems or difficulty in engaging in more emotionally focused psychotherapies.
Fluorescent TEM-1 β-lactamase with wild-type activity as a rapid drug sensor for in vitro drug screening
Authors: Cheong Wing-Lam , Tsang Ming-San , So Pui-Kin , Chung Wai-Hong , Leung Yun-Chung , Chan Pak-Ho 
Published: July 2014

We report the development of a novel fluorescent drug sensor from the bacterial drug target TEM-1 β-lactamase through the combined strategy of Val216→Cys216 mutation and fluorophore labelling for in vitro drug screening. The Val216 residue in TEM-1 is replaced with a cysteine residue, and the environment-sensitive fluorophore fluorescein-5-maleimide is specifically attached to the Cys216 residue in the V216C mutant for sensing drug binding at the active site. The labelled V216C mutant has wild-type catalytic activity and gives stronger fluorescence when β-lactam antibiotics bind to the active site. The labelled V216C mutant can differentiate between potent and impotent β-lactam antibiotics and can distinguish active-site binders from non-binders (including aggregates formed by small molecules in aqueous solution) by giving characteristic time-course fluorescence profiles. Mass spectrometric, molecular modelling and trypsin digestion results indicate that drug binding at the active site is likely to cause the fluorescein label to stay away from the active site and experience weaker fluorescence quenching by the residues around the active site, thus making the labelled V216C mutant to give stronger fluorescence in the drug-bound state. Given the ancestor's role of TEM-1 in the TEM family, the fluorescent TEM-1 drug sensor represents a good model to demonstrate the general combined strategy of Val216→Cys216 mutation and fluorophore labelling for fabricating tailor-made fluorescent drug sensors from other clinically significant TEM-type β-lactamase variants for in vitro drug screening.
CMOS sensor‐based palm‐sized in‐line optical analysis device for microchemistry systems
Authors: Tokuda T. , Wakama N. , Terao K. , Masuda K. , Mori R. , Noda T. , Sasagawa K. , Nishiyama Y. , Kakiuchi K. , Ohta J. 
Published: July 2014

A palm‐sized optical measurement device capable of polarisation rotation and single‐wavelength absorption measurements is presented. The device is equipped with a polarisation‐analysing CMOS image sensor with an on‐chip multi‐angular polariser array. The volume of the device is as small as 51 cm3, which is smaller than both 1/1000 of a conventional desktop polarimeter and 1/10 of the previous device. The capability of the proposed device to perform simultaneous polarisation rotation/single‐wavelength absorption measurements is experimentally verified through in situ monitoring of a photochemical reaction performed in a microflow reactor.
71% PAE C‐band GaN power amplifier using harmonic tuning technology
Authors: Lu Yang , Cao Mengyi , Wei Jiaxing , Zhao Bochao , Ma Xiaohua , Hao Yue 
Published: July 2014

A high‐efficiency C‐band internally matched power amplifier, developed with 12 mm AlGaN/GaN high‐electron mobility transistors is described. The second‐harmonic frequency (2f0) tuning network is applied to confine the impedance at 2f0 in safe efficiency regions. The packaged power amplifier achieves 71% power‐added efficiency (PAE) and 102 W output power, associated with 17 dB power gain. The PAE is believed to be the highest of the C‐band GaN power amplifiers reported to date.
Bedeutung der Schlafendoskopie bei obstruktiv-schlafbezogener Atmungsstörung im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors: Quante M. , Merkenschlager A. , Kiess W. , Horn I.-S. , Kyas D. , Dietz A. , Fischer M. 
Published: July 2014

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Studien zur gezielten operativen OSAS-Therapie nach Medikamenten-induzierter Schlafendoskopie (MISE) konnten bei Erwachsenen ein verbessertes Outcome erzielen. Im Kindesalter liegen zu diesem Verfahren nur wenige Erfahrungen vor. Diese Studie evaluiert den differenzialdiagnostischen Stellenwert der MISE bei obstruktiven schlafbezogenen Atmungserkrankungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Es wird untersucht, ob initiale Therapie-Entscheidungen beeinflusst werden.
Material und Methoden: Es wurden retrospektiv die Krankenakten von 25 Kindern mit obstruktiver schlafbezogener Erkrankung analysiert, die im Zeitraum von 05/2012 bis 12/2013 eine Polysomnografie und Schlafendoskopie erhalten hatten. Anhand des Grades der obstruktiven schlafbezogenen Erkrankung wurden 2 Gruppen gebildet (Upper airway resistence syndrome (UARS) und mildes OSAS: AHI<5, n=10; moderates und schweres OSAS: AHI≥5, n=15).
Ergebnisse: Häufigster Ort einer Obstruktion war die Oropharynx-Ebene. Ein moderates oder schweres OSAS war signifikant mit einer vollständigen Obstruktion auf Oropharynx-Ebene assoziiert (p=0,02). Zudem fand sich ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen der Adenoidgröße und dem Obstruktionsmuster auf Velopharynx­Ebene (p=0,02). Eine vollständige Obstruktion auf Oropharynx-Ebene konnte bei 71% der Kinder mit Tonsillengröße IV gefunden werden. Es bestand keine Assoziation zwischen der Adenoid- und Tonsillengröße und dem Ausprägungsgrad der schlafbezogenen Atmungsstörung. Bei 5 Kindern (20%) ergab sich ein Erkenntniszugewinn mit Anpassung der initial geplanten Therapien.
Schlussfolgerung: Die Medikamenten-induzierte Schlafendoskopie erscheint ein vielversprechendes Verfahren mit therapeutischer Konsequenz, um Obstruktionen beim kindlichen OSAS topografisch zu beurteilen. Weitere Studien sind jedoch notwendig, um verlässliche Vorhersageparameter für potenzielle Therapieversager nach operativer Therapie zu etablieren.
Noninvasive Management of an Odontoid Process Fracture in a Toddler: Case Report
Authors: Kim Woosung , O'Malley Mike , Kieser David Christopher 
Published: July 2014

Study Design Case report. Objective Odontoid process fractures represent an uncommon injury in small children, with their optimal management remaining unclear. We present a case of conservatively managed displaced type 2 odontoid process fracture in a small child. Methods We analyzed clinical and radiographic outcomes of a restrained 2-year-old girl involved in a motor vehicle accident who sustained a displaced type 2 odontoid process fracture and was treated conservatively in a semirigid Aspen collar. Results The fracture progressively healed with callus formation evident at 6 weeks. By 12 weeks, the patient was asymptomatic and had regained head control and a full range of movement. Radiographic remodeling of the fracture was seen to improve over the 6-month follow-up. Conclusion This case illustrates that displaced type 2 odontoid process fractures can be successfully managed conservatively in small children.