bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking Enhanced Catalysis Stability in Acidic Oxygen Evolution: Structural Insights for PEM Applications under High‐Current Density
Authors: Zhang Xin‐Yi , Yin Hang , Dang Cong‐Cong , Nie Hong , Huang Zhi‐Xiong , Zheng Shuo‐Hang , Du Miao , Gu Zhen‐Yi , Cao Jun‐Ming , Wu Xing‐Long 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), catalysts for acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) that demonstrate high current density and stability are essential. Herein, we synthesized La‐doped RuO2 (La‐RuO2@TM) nanorod composite catalysts in situ on titanium mesh (TM) using a one‐step low‐temperature pyrolysis method. La‐RuO2@TM displays excellent catalytic performance (1.533 V at 100 mA cm−2) and remarkable stability, showing no significant degradation in performance over 450 hours of operation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the formation of the La‐O−Ru local structure modulates the adsorption strength of reaction intermediates, alleviates metal (Ru) leaching, and reduces oxygen loss, significantly enhancing the material‘s durability in acidic OER. The PEM electrolyzer utilizing La‐RuO2@TM operates at 1.815 V with a current density of 1.0 A cm−2, maintaining stable performance for 120 h at 60 °C. This study offers valuable insights for designing efficient and durable acidic OER catalysts.
Effect of Shell Thickness on the Catalytic Performance of Co@SiO2 Core‐Shell Catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Wang Xin , Chen Tao , Li Zhenhua 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is an essential strategy for mitigating the energy crisis, combating climate change, and promoting sustainable development. Supported cobalt‐based catalysts exhibit significant activity in FTS, but their product selectivity requires further optimization. In this paper, Co@SiO2 catalysts with core‐shell structure were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. The effect of the SiO2 shell thickness on the catalytic performance of FTS was explored by varying the amount of ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) added with stabilizer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Among them, the catalyst CS3 achieved the greatest number of cobalt active sites, the highest CO conversion (77.2%), and C5+ selectivity (84.3%) with a high C5‐C11 proportion in the C5+ product. Characterizations of the catalysts were performed to examine their morphology and physicochemical properties. It was observed that the dispersion of cobalt species improved with increasing shell thickness within a certain range, promoting the reduction of cobalt species. However, the formation of Si‐OH groups because of the hydrolysis of excess TEOS clogged catalyst pores, consequently diminishing the catalytic activity in FTS. Compared with the CS3‐PVP0 catalyst without stabilizer PVP added, the catalyst CS3 with PVP added exhibited obvious ordered morphology, making CO conversion significantly enhanced. This is attributed to the role of inert carbon in PVP, which not only boosts the reducibility of cobalt species but also enhances the surface hydrophobicity of the mesoporous SiO2 material.
Development of Biocatalysts Based on Candida Antarctica B Lipase Immobilized Onto Crosslinked Porous Polymers Containing Varied Monomeric Compositions
Authors: Torquato Ezaine. C. C. , Santos Michelle M. , Cipolatti Eliane P. , Manoel Evelin A. , Iulianelli Gisele C. V. , Pinto Martina C. C. , Pinto Rafael L. , Marques Mônica R. C. , Pinto José Carlos , Guimarães Denise M. F. , Costa Luciana C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCrosslinked polymer particles can be used successfully as support for enzyme immobilization. For this reason, the relationship between the particle morphology and immobilization parameters is investigated in the present manuscript. Particularly, this study focuses on the preparation of biocatalysts using lipase from Candida antarctica B (Cal‐B) and crosslinked polymers made from divinylbenzene (DVB) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). Several monomers were utilized in this process, including methyl methacrylate (MMA), styrene (Sty), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), methacrylic acid (MA), vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC), and 2‐vinylpyridine (Vpy). Many of these monomers were used to synthesize biocatalysts for the first time. The highest immobilization yields were achieved using Sty‐DVB, MA‐DVB, and DVB supports, which presented high surface areas and pore diameters. Among the developed biocatalysts, CalB‐MMA‐DVB, which presented a specific area of 320.9 m2/g, presented the highest esterification activity of 1410 ± 176 U/g bio−1. In contrast, biocatalysts manufactured with polymer particles with smaller specific areas but containing polar monomers, such as Cal‐B‐MA‐EDGMA, Cal‐B‐GMA‐EDGMA, Cal‐B‐Vpy‐DVB, and Cal‐B‐VBC‐EDGMA, presented higher hydrolytic activities (HA). Cal‐B‐VBC‐EDGMA achieved a catalytic constant (Kcat) of 73.48 × 102 s−1.
Regiodivergent Synthesis of α‐ and β‐Acyloxy Acrylates Through Catalyst‐driven Migrations From α‐Diazo‐β‐acyloxy Esters
Authors: Diogo Gabriela M. , Moro Pedro A. M. , Port Vinicius C. , Jacobs Amanda K. , Caramori Giovanni F. , Sa Marcus M. 
Published: February 2025

The synthetic versatility of α‐diazo‐β‐acyloxy esters to selectively undergo metal‐catalyzed 2,3‐acyloxy or 1,2‐hydride migration was evaluated. The type of migration was controlled by the catalyst, with rhodium(II) and copper(II) delivering α‐acyloxy acrylates from 2,3‐acyloxy migration, while silver(I) catalyzed the formation of regioisomeric β‐acyloxy acrylates through 1,2‐hydride migration. In addition to the good yields observed for 2,3‐acyloxy migrations (56‐95%), the reactions exhibited remarkable chemo‐, regio‐ and diastereoselectivity. The E:Z ratio was found to be excellent for Rh (20:1 or higher in most cases) and moderate to good for Cu (6‐13:1 favoring E‐isomer). In the case of Ag‐catalyzed 1,2‐hydride migration, the yield (60‐93%) and diastereoselectivity (7:1 to > 20:1 favoring Z isomer) for β‐acyloxy acrylates were also high, although the competitive formation of regioisomeric α‐acyloxy acrylate was detected in minor amounts. Furthermore, both 1,2‐hydride and 2,3‐acyloxy migrations showed tolerance to functional groups, which were successfully explored in subsequent post‐functionalization processes to access heterocyclic nuclei of pharmacological relevance. We also investigated the rhodium‐catalyzed 2,3‐acyloxy migration, with the support of computational chemistry, to unravel this reaction mechanism and to explain the factors influencing migratory assistance and diastereoselectivity.
Business Strategies for Sustainable Development: Leveraging Industry 5.0 and Circular Pharmaceutical Supply Chains to Overcome Medicine Waste
Authors: Agrawal Anguja , Sharma Aasha , Sarkar Bishal Dey 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIndustry 5.0 (I5.0) presents opportunities for streamlining processes, reducing waste, improving resource utilization, and enabling real‐time monitoring and decision‐making in the supply chain. This study proposes a strategy for information‐sharing among pharmaceutical supply chain partners, leveraging I5.0 technologies and circular economy strategies like redistribution of unused medicine to reduce waste. This will enable real‐time demand data sharing throughout the SC, tracking the expiration date, disposal, and redistribution of returned products. The study identifies 10 drivers for the adoption of I5.0 and the circular pharmaceutical supply chain (CPSC) to reduce medicine waste applying a Technology‐Organization‐Environment (TOE) framework in consultation with pharmaceutical supply chain professionals, analyzing their relationships using the Decision‐Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method. The findings reveal that “recognition of the significance of I5.0” and “government‐supportive policies for circular supply chain and I5.0” are the most influential cause drivers, exerting significant influence on other drivers. Policies such as tax reductions, funding opportunities, and the development of robust digital infrastructure are essential to accelerate adoption. The findings highlight that strengthening these drivers will enhance the adoption of I5.0 and CPSC, thereby reducing medicine waste. This study contributes to the literature in several significant ways by integrating I5.0 and circular supply chain strategies within the pharmaceutical sector to reduce medicine waste, addressing a critical research gap. The proposed framework supports practitioners, policymakers, and industry associations in formulating strategies for adopting I5.0 and CPSC, enabling the reduction of medicine waste and contributing to sustainable development by aligning with environmental goals.
Case of severe thrombocytopenia with recurrent extensive deep vein thrombosis due to antiphospholipid syndrome, management challenge
Authors: Al Hariri Bassem , Ali Gaydaa Ali Ahmed , Ali Arwa Elfatih Mohamed , MohamedAli Mohamed Elfatih , Poolakundan Feroz Jenner , Sharif Muhammad , Illahi Memon Noor 
Published: February 2025

Key Clinical MessageSevere thrombocytopenia in secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) presents a significant management challenge. This case highlights the complexity of managing APS‐related thrombocytopenia, requiring a nuanced approach to balancing bleeding and thrombotic risks. Intravenous immunoglobulin, followed by a short course of steroids, successfully increased platelet counts without adverse bleeding or thrombotic events. Initiating therapeutic anticoagulation with Warfarin was delayed until platelet counts exceeded 50 × 10^3/μL, emphasizing the cautious approach required in such cases to mitigate thrombotic risks while avoiding bleeding complications.
Insulin‐Like Growth Factor 2 mRNA‐Binding Protein 2 (IGF2BP2) Promotes Castration‐Resistant Prostate Cancer Progression by Regulating AR‐V7 mRNA Stability
Authors: Saini Taruna , Srivastava Devesh , Raut Rajnikant , Mishra Parul , Misra Ashish 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe emergence of constitutively active androgen receptor (AR) splice variant AR‐V7 poses a formidable challenge in treating prostate cancer, as it lacks the ligand binding region targeted by androgen‐deprivation therapies such as enzalutamide and abiraterone. AR‐V7 is critical for castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) development and progression; however, the molecular mechanisms regulating its expression and biological function remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of IGF2BP2 in regulating AR‐V7 expression and CRPC progression.MethodsTo determine the clinical relevance of IGF2BP2 in CRPC, we analyzed the mRNA expression data for prostate cancer patients available in the Genomic Data Commons (GDC) Data Portal and cBioPortal. Next to investigate the role of IGF2BP2 in regulating AR‐V7 expression and enzalutamide resistance, we performed shRNA‐mediated IGF2BP2 knockdown and overexpression experiments followed by qRT‐PCR, immunoblot, colony‐formation, and MTT assays. Finally, we performed RIP‐qPCR, actinomycin‐D, and IGF2BP2 domain‐deletion analysis to study the mechanism by which IGF2BP2 regulates AR‐V7 stability, expression, and enzalutamide resistance in CRPC cells.ResultsOur analysis revealed that IGF2BP2 is upregulated in CRPC patients and its expression positively correlates with increasing Gleason score in patients with CRPC. We demonstrate that IGF2BP2 silencing leads to downregulation of AR‐V7 and its downstream target genes without affecting AR levels. Additionally, IGF2BP2 knockdown also enhances the sensitivity of CRPC cells to enzalutamide while overexpression increases AR‐V7 expression and confers increased resistance to enzalutamide. Mechanistically, our experiments demonstrate that IGF2BP2 binds to the intronic splicing enhancer (ISE) region of AR‐V7, thereby enhancing its mRNA stability. Furthermore, our domain‐deletion analysis pinpoints the role of KH3 and KH4 domains of IGF2BP2 in regulating AR‐V7 stability and enzalutamide resistance.ConclusionsTaken together, our findings suggest that IGF2BP2 plays a critical role in regulating AR‐V7 expression and stability, offering a novel target for developing therapeutic interventions for CRPC.
An Efficient Parallel Ordered Depth‐First Search Strategy for Directed Acyclic Graphs
Authors: Yan Chuqi , Huang Jianqiang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWith the advent of the big data era, accelerating the parallelization of Depth‐First Search (DFS) has become pivotal for addressing the challenges posed by large‐scale datasets and complex problems in contemporary applications. To improve the parallel processing performance of DFS on Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) while maintaining the orderliness of traversal outcomes, this paper introduces an efficient Parallel Ordered Depth‐First Search (PODFS). By leveraging the novel concepts of Clue Path, ParallelList, and the node attributes Level and Dis, PODFS achieves precise subgraph partitioning while preserving the ordered nature of parallel search results. After performing a one‐time preprocessing on a specific graph, the proposed algorithm enables more efficient global traversals, achieving a speedup ranging from 6× to 12× on various real‐world graph datasets while maintaining the orderedness of traversal results. These performance improvements are crucial for applications that require frequent, in‐depth graph searches with a strict need to preserve traversal order.
Synergistic Distributed CNN Model for Protein Classification With a Collaborative BSP Synchronization Based on LSTM Prediction
Authors: Assali Tasnim , Trabelsi Ayoub Zayneb , Ouni Sofiane 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRecently, distributed deep learning has been introduced as the new highly computational solution that could handle huge amounts of data and reduce training time. Especially when handling high‐dimensional and complicated data, is very challenging, such as dealing with Genomics which is the most demanding in terms of data acquisition, storage, distribution, and analysis. However, Distributed deep learning has issues that need to be resolved. Focusing on the synchronization paradigm, BSP (Bulk Synchronous Parallel) is the most used model. Even so, it is demanding in terms of time due to an exigent problem called the straggler, where all the workers need to wait for the slowest worker to synchronize. Therefore, in this article, we propose a collaborative BSP (Collab‐BSP) that aims to solve this issue by adopting LSTM for execution time prediction and implementing it with the Apache Spark environment. We proved the efficiency of our approach in reducing the waiting time and iteration time by 50% and 30%, respectively. Also, our approach demonstrated promising results while training a distributed CNN for protein classification with 98.82% accuracy and proved its capability to enhance distributed deep learning training.
Clinical performance of the fully automated Lumipulse plasma p‐tau217 assay in mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia
Authors: Dyer Adam H. , Dunne Jean , Dolphin Helena , Morrison Laura , O'Connor Antoinette , Fullam Sarah , Kenny Tara , Fallon Aoife , O'Dowd Sean , Bourke Nollaig M. , Conlon Niall P. , Kennelly Sean P. ,   for the TIMC‐BRAiN Study Group
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionPlasma phosphorylated tau (p‐tau)217 is a leading blood‐biomarker for the detection of amyloid beta (Aβ) pathology. We assessed the performance of a fully automated plasma p‐tau217 immunoassay to detect Aβ pathology in mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/mild dementia.MethodsPaired plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained at time of diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP) in a specialist memory service. Plasma p‐tau217 was measured using the Lumipulse immunoassay platform and ability to detect CSF‐defined Aβ positivity assessed.ResultsOf 148 participants (69.4 ± 6.5 years; 54.1% female), 101 had MCI and 47 mild dementia. Median plasma p‐tau217 was > 4‐fold higher in Aβ+ vs Aβ− individuals with an area under the curve of 0.92 (0.87–0.97). Application of 90%, 95%, and 97.5% sensitivity/specificity thresholds for plasma p‐tau217 may have obviated the need for more than half of LPs.DiscussionOur real‐world data support the clinical use of fully automated plasma p‐tau217 immunoassays, although further studies in more diverse cohorts are required.HIGHLIGHTS
Plasma phosphorylated tau (p‐tau)217 was measured using a fully automated immunoassay (Lumipulse).
P‐tau217 was > 4‐fold higher in amyloid beta (Aβ)+ versus Aβ− individuals.
Plasma p‐tau217 had an area under the curve of 0.92 for detection of Aβ status.
Using a previously proposed two‐threshold approach may avoid more than half of lumbar punctures.
Prediction of 90 day mortality in elderly patients with acute HF from e‐health records using artificial intelligence
Authors: Weller Joconde , Gutton Johann , Hocquet Guillaume , Pellet Leïla , Aroulanda Marie‐José , Bruandet Amélie , Theis Didier , Boudis Fabio , Cador Romain , Zweigenbaum Pierre , Buronfosse Anne , de Groote Pascal , Komajda Michel 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimsMortality risk after hospitalization for heart failure (HF) is high, especially in the first 90 days. This study aimed to construct a model automatically predicting 90 day post‐discharge mortality using electronic health record (EHR) data 48 h after admission and artificial intelligence.MethodsAll HF‐related admissions from 2015 to 2020 in a single hospital were included in the model training. Comprehensive EHR data were collected 48 h after admission. Natural language processing was applied to textual information. Deaths were identified from the French national database. After variable selection with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, a logistic regression model was trained. Model performance [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)] was tested in two independent cohorts of patients admitted to two hospitals between March and December 2021.ResultsThe derivation cohort included 2257 admissions (248 deaths after hospitalization). The evaluation cohorts included 348 and 388 admissions (34 and 38 deaths, respectively). Forty‐two independent variables were selected. The model performed well in the derivation cohort [AUC: 0.817; 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.789–0.845)] and in both evaluation cohorts [AUC: 0.750; 95% CI (0.672–0.829) and AUC: 0.723; 95% CI (0.644–0.803]), with better performance than previous models in the literature. Calibration was good: ‘low‐risk’ (predicted mortality ≤8%), ‘intermediate‐risk’ (8–12.5%) and ‘high‐risk’ (>12.5%) patients had an observed 90 day mortality rate of 3.8%, 8.4% and 19.4%, respectively.ConclusionsThe study proposed a robust model for the automatic prediction of 90 day mortality risk 48 h after hospitalization for decompensated HF. This could be used to identify high‐risk patients for intensification of therapeutic management.
Regioselective Formal Hydroamidation of Alkynes: Synthesis of α‐Substituted Acrylamides
Authors: Park Cheong Hoon , Lim Seeun , Jung Byunghyuck , Lee Yunmi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe formal hydroamidation of alkyne is a powerful synthetic method that enables the formation of various α,β‐unsaturated amides. In this article, the efficient formal hydroamidation of terminal and internal alkynes is described, which constitutes the Ni‐catalyzed α‐selective hydroalumination of alkynes and subsequent treatment with isocyanates. This method is gram‐scalable and the synthetic utility is highlighted by the synthesis of a β‐lactam from α‐phenyl acrylamide.
Characteristics of Ultrasonic Response and Macro‐Meso Damage Model During the Loading Process of Single‐Fissure Sandstone
Authors: Han Tengfei , Pan Chao , Zuo Yujun , Li Shujian , Cao Juncai , Yan Lin , Hong Xu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe study of the damage mechanics characteristics and failure mechanisms of fractured rock is crucial for evaluating the deterioration process of rock mechanical properties. Focused on single‐fissure sandstone, this study conducts triaxial compression tests with real‐time ultrasonic monitoring to investigate the relationship between ultrasonic wave propagation patterns and stress evolution in single‐fissure rocks. By utilizing ultrasonic wave velocities to establish macroscopic damage variables for fractured rocks and employing the Weibull probability distribution model to define mesoscopic damage variables, a coupled macro‐meso damage constitutive model for fractured rock was developed in conjunction with continuum damage theory. The reliability of the model was validated through analysis of experimental data. Results indicate that under triaxial compression conditions, the ultrasonic wave velocity of fractured sandstone exhibits non‐monotonic variations with stress. Damage evolution involves an initial weakening followed by a damage accumulation stage. Wave velocity is negatively correlated with damage extent during the damage growth phase and shows a negative correlation with crack width during stress loading. In addition, the failure mode of rock is basically shear failure and tensile‐shear mixed failure. The rock crack initiates at the tip of the prefabricated crack and extends to the top, bottom, or side of the specimen at a certain angle with the prefabricated crack. These findings provide significant guidance for understanding the mechanical behavior of fractured sandstone and optimizing mining engineering design.
Hybrid CBSQI‐WENO Schemes for Convection‐Diffusion Problems
Authors: Kumar Barik Prasanta , Kisan Dond Asha , Hasan Amjad , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe B‐spline Quasi‐Interpolation (BSQI) based numerical scheme is a successful method for obtaining the solution to partial differential equations under sufficient regularity conditions. However, it can lead to instability and spurious oscillations in the numerical solution when high gradients or discontinuities are present. To address this issue, this article proposes a hybrid version of the BSQI scheme to solve convection‐diffusion problems. The hybrid scheme combines the Cubic BSQI (CBSQI) scheme with the fifth‐order Weighted Essentially Non‐Oscillatory (WENO) method to approximate the convective flux, and is able to compute the solution in a non‐oscillatory manner. Further, we have introduced an approximate smoothness indicator for the larger stencil of the WENO scheme, derived from the smoothness indicator of the lower‐order stencils. The approximate smoothness indicator is used as a troubled‐cell indicator in a hybrid scheme and has allowed us to develop an efficient version of the WENO‐AO(5,3) scheme (Balsara et al. J. Comp. Phy. 2016), which we call WENO‐AOA(5,3) scheme. Additionally, we propose a fifth‐order hybrid scheme that combines a finite‐difference approximation with the WENO‐AOA(5,3) scheme to solve convection‐diffusion equations. To validate the proposed schemes, we conduct tests on multiple 1D and 2D cases. The hybrid schemes produce comparable results to the WENO scheme while being more computationally efficient. Specifically, the hybrid schemes are 50%–70% more efficient than the WENO‐AOA(5,3) scheme, while the WENO‐AOA(5,3) scheme has a 2%–15% advantage over the WENO‐AO(5,3) scheme.