bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR‐485‐3p targets SIRT1 in vascular smooth muscle cells mediating the occurrence of aortic dissection
Authors: Xie Yuling , Xie Linfeng , Qiu Zhihuang , He Jian , Jiang Fei , Cai Meiling , Lin Yanjuan , Chen Liangwan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractStudies have demonstrated a close correlation between MicroRNA and the occurrence of aortic dissection (AD). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this relationship have not been fully elucidated and further exploration is still required. In this study, we found that miR‐485‐3p was significantly upregulated in human aortic dissection tissues. Meanwhile, we constructed in vitro AD models in HAVSMCs, HAECs and HAFs and found that the expression of miR‐485‐3p was increased only in HAVSMCs. Overexpression or knockdown of miR‐485‐3p in HAVSMCs could regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL1β, IL6, TNF‐α, and NLRP3, as well as the expression of apoptosis‐related proteins BAX/BCL2 and Cleaved caspase3/Caspase3. In the in vivo AD model, we have observed that miR‐485‐3p regulates vascular inflammation and apoptosis, thereby participating in the modulation of AD development in mice. Based on target gene prediction, we have validated that SIRT1 is a downstream target gene of miR‐485‐3p. Furthermore, by administering SIRT1 agonists and inhibitors to mice, we observed that the activation of SIRT1 alleviates vascular inflammation and apoptosis, subsequently reducing the incidence of AD. Additionally, functional reversal experiments revealed that overexpression of SIRT1 in HAVSMCs could reverse the cell inflammation and apoptosis mediated by miR‐485‐3p. Therefore, our research suggests that miR‐485‐3p can aggravate inflammation and apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells by suppressing the expression of SIRT1, thereby promoting the progression of aortic dissection.
Transition to work: A qualitative exploration of Australian‐trained international dietetic graduates' career trajectories
Authors: Chow Ying Pik , Wong Cho Wan , Blair Merran , Choi Tammie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundInterest in the role of employability in student–dietitian transitions is increasing. However, little is known about the cross‐cultural transition‐to‐work experience of Australian‐trained dietetic graduates of international backgrounds, as well as strategies to optimise work‐readiness. The present study aimed to explore graduates’ career narratives and identify employability capitals that enabled successful transitions to work.MethodsA qualitative interpretive approach was employed via a cultural lens. Eighteen participants from five Asian countries who had graduated from an Australian university within 3–15 years, with work experience in Australia or in their respective home countries, took part in in‐depth interviews. Thematic analysis was performed, guided by the graduate capitals based approach.ResultsTransition‐to‐work was dynamic and non‐linear; four themes and 12 subthemes identified: (1) upon graduation, participants felt ambivalent about their decision to either stay in Australia or return home, influenced by graduate visa restrictions, and individual perceptions of their ability to mobilise cultural strengths to gain employment; (2) to get a foot in the door, participants demonstrated resilience, embraced uncertainty and utilised social networks to increase employment opportunities in Australia and their home countries; (3) regardless of which country they worked, graduates reported struggling with their cross‐cultural identities in the workplace; and (4) eventually, these graduates appreciated their ethnic capital, thrived in their work and extended a helping hand to their junior cross‐cultural dietitians.ConclusionsInitiatives facilitating connections to the host country and supporting cultural and ethnic capital development, along with ongoing research reviewing employability capital applications, will benefit cross‐cultural dietetic graduates and the communities they potentially will serve.
An efficient static solver for the lattice discrete particle model
Authors: Jia Dongge , Brigham John C. , Fascetti Alessandro 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe lattice discrete particle model (LDPM) has been proven to be one of the most appealing computational tools to simulate fracture in quasi‐brittle materials. Despite tremendous advancements in the definition and implementation of the method, solution strategies are still limited to dynamic algorithms, resulting in prohibitive computational costs and challenges related to solution accuracy for quasi‐static conditions. This study presents a novel static solver for LDPM, introducing fundamental innovation: (1) LDPM constitutive laws are modified to provide continuous response through all possible strain/stress states; (2) an adaptive arc‐length method is proposed in combination with a criterion to select the sign of the iterative load factor; (3) an adaptive limit‐unloading–reloading path switch algorithm is proposed to restrict oscillations in the global stiffness matrix. Extensive validation of the proposed approach is presented. Numerical results demonstrate that the static solver exhibits satisfactory convergence rates, significantly outperforming available dynamic solutions in computational efficiency.
First record of ectoparasites (Phthiraptera and Acari) from the Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) in Colombia
Authors: Llano Horwald A. B. , Robayo‐Sánchez Laura N. , Ramírez‐Hernández Alejandro , Cortés‐Vecino Jesús A. , Gómez‐Ruiz Daisy A. , Aguirre‐Ramírez Julio C. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractSeveral species of ectoparasites, including chewing lice and mites are closely associated with their hosts. The Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) is globally listed as vulnerable by the IUCN and its population has been steadily declining in recent decades suggesting a potential extinction of associated entomofauna. The purpose of this study was to record the species of ectoparasites infesting three individuals of Andean condor found dead in the ‘Páramo del Almorzadero’ Santander Department, Northeastern Colombia. One juvenile (male) and two adults (male and female) Andean condors received for necropsy were carefully examined for ectoparasite infestation. Specimens were collected and preserved in ethanol (70%) for taxonomic studies. Morphologic identification and morphometric records were made under light microscopy. Some specimens were also prepared for scanning electron microscopy and others were subjected to DNA extraction to amplify and obtain sequences of the cytochrome‐C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for phylogenetic analyses. Lice were collected from the juvenile condor and the adult female and identified as Falcolipeurus assesor (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) in the juvenile condor (8 females, 19 males and 8 nymphs) and the adult (1 female); Colpocephalum trichosum (Phthiraptera: Amblycera) in the juvenile (19 females, 24 males and 1 nymph) and the adult (2 females, 2 males and 3 nymphs); and Cuculiphilus zonatus (Phthiraptera: Amblycera) in the juvenile (40 females, 43 males and 15 nymphs) and the adult (1 male and 2 nymphs). Moreover, one mite collected from the juvenile condor was identified as Ancyralges cathartinus (Acari: Astigmata) (1 female). Morphometric data was obtained for the adult stages of F. assesor (6 females and 13 males), C. trichosum (9 females and 9 males) and C. zonatus (10 females and 10 males). We obtained the first DNA sequences of COI for F. assessor, and C. trichosum, where phylogenetic tree analysis showed that F. assessor is more closely related to Falcolipeurus marginalis, and C. trichosum to Colpocephalum kelloggi. This represents the first record of parasites in Andean condor from Colombia and contributes to the knowledge of chewing lice and mites associated with an endemic and endangered bird species. Further studies on Andean condor ectoparasites should be focused on documenting host–parasite interactions and potential health impacts in these wild birds.
Phylotranscriptomics provides a treasure trove of flood‐tolerance mechanisms in the Cardamineae tribe
Authors: van Veen Hans , Müller Jana T. , Bartylla Malte M. , Akman Melis , Sasidharan Rashmi , Mustroph Angelika 
Published: July 2024

AbstractFlooding events are highly detrimental to most terrestrial plant species. However, there is an impressive diversity of plant species that thrive in flood‐prone regions and represent a treasure trove of unexplored flood‐resilience mechanisms. Here we surveyed a panel of four species from the Cardamineae tribe representing a broad tolerance range. This included the flood‐tolerant Cardamine pratensis, Rorippa sylvestris and Rorippa palustris and the flood‐sensitive species Cardamine hirsuta. All four species displayed a quiescent strategy, evidenced by the repression of shoot growth underwater. Comparative transcriptomics analyses between the four species and the sensitive model species Arabidopsis thaliana were facilitated via de novo transcriptome assembly and identification of 16 902 universal orthogroups at a high resolution. Our results suggest that tolerance likely evolved separately in the Cardamine and Rorippa species. While the Rorippa response was marked by a strong downregulation of cell‐cycle genes, Cardamine minimized overall transcriptional regulation. However, a weak starvation response was a universal trait of tolerant species, potentially achieved in multiple ways. It could result from a strong decline in cell‐cycle activity, but is also intertwined with autophagy, senescence, day‐time photosynthesis and night‐time fermentation capacity. Our data set provides a rich source to study adaptational mechanisms of flooding tolerance.
Response of fruit fly (Drosophila pseudoobscura) to diet manipulation of nutrient density
Authors: Novak Taylor E. , Billings Kristin , Ellis Sara Grace , Smith Makenly F. , Wills Bill D. , Stevison Laurie S. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCaloric intake can greatly affect many aspects of an organism's life. A deficiency of calories can lead to stress resulting in decreased fecundity, insufficient calories to maintain tissues and increased lifespan. Conversely, increasing caloric density increases fecundity and decreases lifespan. Despite decades of work exploring food quality and quantity on physiology in the model species Drosophila melanogaster Meigan 1830 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and the melanogaster group in general, relatively little work explores the physiological responses to diet manipulation in other Drosophila species, like the obscura species group. Here, we looked at the effects of five different caloric densities (0.5×, 0.75×, 1.0×, 1.5× and 3.0×) on food intake, body weight, body fat, fecundity and longevity in D. pseudoobscura Frolova & Astaurov, 1929 (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Comparing longevity and fecundity across diets, we found that heavy caloric concentration (3.0×) decreases lifespan and that calorie restriction (0.5× and 0.75×) led to significant decreases in fecundity and body weight. However, calorie concentration did not significantly increase D. pseudoobscura body fat. By expanding our understanding of the physiological responses to diet stress to D. pseudoobscura, we establish the framework for comparative work across Drosophila species. With this information, we can then identify which physiological responses to diet manipulation might be most conserved and comparable across species.
Growth and population structure of Lodoicea maldivica in natural stands in Seychelles
Authors: Edwards P. J. , Fleischer‐Dogley F. , Kowalski P. , Morgan E. , Mougal J. , Accouche W. , Athanase V. , Jean‐Baptiste M. , Constance A. , Dine M. , Payet T. , Einfeldt N. , Reuleaux A. , Richards H. , Samedi U. , Kaiser‐Bunbury C. N. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

We monitored leaf production in seedlings, trunkless juvenile, immature, and mature male and female plants of the dioecious palm, Lodoicea maldivica, and studied how internode length changed with trunk height. The fieldwork was conducted in closed forest on Praslin Island and degraded forest on Curieuse Island. Data on numbers of leaves produced and rates of leaf production were used to estimate plant age.
On Praslin, the interval between successive leaves increased from 0.47/0.52 years in male/female plants to 4.2 years in seedlings, and on Curieuse from 0.41/0.49 to 2.3 years. Estimated leaf lifespan was 6.4–6.8 years in mature palms and much longer in seedlings and juveniles. On Praslin, internode length increased from the base of the trunk to a mean of 14 cm at leaf 21, before declining to 2.75 cm above leaf 100. Mean internode length of the smaller palms on Curieuse was 1.9 cm and varied little with height.
Plants at the same development stage varied widely in age. On Praslin, median time to maturity was 77 (range: 32–209) and on Curieuse 83 (31–191) years. The tallest palms on Praslin (28.4 m trunk height) and Curieuse (8 m) were estimated at 442 and 232 years old, respectively.
The ageing method was used to interpret height data of different populations. All showed a marked decline in regeneration in the 19th or early 20th centuries, probably caused by fires. We conclude that slow growth makes this species very vulnerable to disturbance, especially from fire.
Effects of substrate availability and mitochondrial disruption on oxidative metabolism and sperm motility in fertile dogs
Authors: Foutouhi Azarene , Bulkely Evelyn , de la Fuente Alejandro , Gonzalez Kris , Meyers Stuart 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn several mammalian species, the measurement of mitochondrial oxygen consumption (MITOX) under different metabolic conditions has demonstrated a positive correlation with sperm motility and may be a sensitive indicator of mitochondrial health. In general, the maintenance of sperm motility and many key sperm functions and fertilizing events are heavily energy‐dependent processes, and some species‐specific substrate preferences exist. Although canine sperm have been known to undergo capacitation and maintain motility with supplementation of a wide range of energy substrates, the relationship between mitochondrial function, and the maintenance of oxidative metabolism and sperm motility remain unclear. The objective of this study was to explore the metabolic flexibility of canine sperm, and to investigate the relationship between mitochondrial function, and maintenance of motility under differing nutrient conditions. We explored substrate preferences and the bioenergetics underlying maintenance of canine sperm motility by monitoring mitochondrial oxidative function and sperm kinematics in the presence of mitochondrial effector drug treatments: FCCP, antimycin (ANTI), and oligomycin (OLIGO). We hypothesized that canine sperm possess the ability to use compensatory pathways and utilize diverse nutrient sources in the maintenance of motility. Oxygen consumption (change in pO2, oxygen partial pressure) and sperm kinematics (CASA) were measured concurrently (t0–t30) to assess the relationship between oxidative metabolism and maintenance of sperm motility in dogs. Four media were tested: containing glucose, lactate, and pyruvate (GLP), containing glucose (G), fructose (F), or lactate and pyruvate (LP). In the absence of pharmacological inhibition of the electron transport chain, energetic substrate had no effect on sperm kinematics in fertile dogs. Following mitochondrial disruption by ANTI and OLIGO, mitochondrial oxygen consumption was negatively correlated with several sperm motility parameters in GLP, G, F, and LP media. In every media, FCCP treatment quickly induced significantly higher oxygen consumption than in untreated sperm, and spare respiratory capacity, the maximal inducible oxidative metabolism, was high. With respiratory control ratios RCR >1 there was no indication of bioenergetic dysfunction in any media type, indicating that sperm mitochondria of fertile dogs have a high capacity for substrate oxidation and ATP turnover regardless of substrate. Our results suggest MITOX assessment is a valuable tool for assessing mitochondrial functionality, and that canine sperm employ flexible energy management systems which may be exploited to improve sperm handling and storage.
Exploring the Role of Street Names in the Reproduction of Deinstitutionalised Regions
Authors: Šerý Miloslav , Daniel Jan , Frajer Jindřich 
Published: July 2024

AbstractLooking theoretically at regions as historically contingent entities that have been evolving over time, this article aims to explore the relationship between the identities of old regions and their symbols through an innovative employment of street names. Methodologically, this study employed Geographic Information System tools, alongside a case study focusing on deinstitutionalised historical regions in the Czech Republic. In this context, street naming practices resulted in different spatial patterns in the symbolic representation of the old regions. It was discovered that regionally named streets perform a different function in terms of the internal and external identity of a region. Hence, our results suggest that the role of street names as actants involved in the reproduction of deinstitutionalised regions is ambiguous and in some ways contradictory. From this perspective, our results are consistent with previous findings that conceptualised deinstitutionalised regions and their boundaries as penumbral entities.
Strategic Evaluation of Sustainable Practices for HVAC Systems in Small- and Medium-Sized U.S. Manufacturers
Authors: Peruchi Pacheco da Silva Ramon , Samadi Forooza , Losole Josh , Carpenter Joseph 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This article investigates the often overlooked yet crucial role of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in advancing sustainable manufacturing practices in the United States. Through all outcomes of the energy assessments conducted by the Industrial Assessment Centers (IACs) in various industrial settings, the current study focuses on the energy consumption of HVAC systems and assesses the impact of their energy-efficient measures on the overall industrial energy usage. In-depth analysis covers both technological and economic facets of resource management practices, utilizing case studies and data from energy assessments on 20,818 small- and medium-sized manufacturing facilities. The results reveal substantial potential for reducing energy consumption, estimated at 71.9 million MMBtu per year, along with annual energy cost savings of approximately $744 million per year and a noteworthy mitigation of 8.7 million metric tons of CO2 emissions per year, all achievable through HVAC system improvements. These findings show the practical significance of taking sustainable practices in HVAC systems and their potential to improve energy efficiency and mitigate the environmental impact within the manufacturing sector.
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Potential Through Clean Energy for Cement Production in India
Authors: Sahoo Niranjan , Kumar Anil 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
A preliminary approach has been made to assess the concentrated solar energy applications in cement production as well as greenhouse gas mitigation potential. The work starts with identification of processes that utilize thermal energy in cement production. Then, a cluster of cement plants located at different locations in the country has been made. Also, the availability of solar radiation and wind speed at each plant location have been identified. Subsequently, the solar industrial process heating systems have been developed for different locations in the country. Further, solar reactor output, number of heliostats, total land area and mirror surface have been estimated. All these estimations are done by considering three types of thermal losses in solar reactors, i.e., 15, 30 and 45%, respectively. Solar energy can provide a total of 738.11 PJ of thermal energy, which is needed to fulfill the process heating requirement of the calcination process for the manufacturing of cement in India. Solar industrial process heating systems for cement production in India can reduce yearly CO2 emissions by 2457–7648 thousand tons.
Thermal Properties of Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate Dodecahydrate–Coated Metal Foam/Sodium Acetate Trihydrate Composite as Phase Change Material
Authors: Stever Jonathan , Mohammadian Shahabeddin K. , Ma Hongbin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Salt hydrates, like the sodium acetate trihydrate (SAT), possess a remarkable ability to store copious amounts of thermal energy, thanks to their ingenious utilization of a high latent heat of fusion. This unique property makes them a compelling choice for various energy storage applications. In this study, aluminum and copper foams with pore sizes of 40, 80, and 110 pores per inch (PPI) coated with disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate were prepared, and their effects on the SAT solidification temperature, latent heat of fusion, and thermal conductivity were investigated. The samples' thermal conductivity was measured using the guarded heat flow method. Thermal properties, including latent heat of fusion and supercooling were measured using the T-History method. The results showed that the metal foam matrix is an effective method of enhancing the thermal conductivity of SAT while occupying a small volume of the composite. The copper foam with a PPI of 80 was able to increase the effective thermal conductivity to 2.62 W/(m⋅K), an increase of 388.15% compared to pure SAT while occupying approximately 6.5% of the composite volume. The T-History results showed a solidification temperature of 57.52 °C along with a super cooling of 3.28 °C for the same sample set. Furthermore, it was also found that copper samples significantly outperformed the aluminum ones, despite the higher porosity.
Air Foil Thrust and Journal Bearing Coatings: A Review
Authors: Morris Nick , Rahmani Ramin , Rahnejat Homer , Bhushan Bharat 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Surfaces of air foil thrust and journal bearings in high-speed turbomachinery are coated to improve their operational integrity, particularly when the aerodynamic load-carrying capacity is reduced during instances of startup and shutdown. Surface coatings, as protective barriers in air foil bearings, can mitigate the adverse effects of direct surface interactions on such occasions. This article provides an in-depth review of the body of important research conducted for the study of coated air foil thrust and journal bearings, highlighting the state of the art in coating technology. The review features the role of composite coatings, designed to provide favorable thermal, mechanical, and frictional characteristics. This article also highlights the trends in the selection of coatings for air foil bearings, pertinent to desired thermo-mechanical performance.