bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new HPLC method with multiple detection systems for impurity analysis and discrimination of natural versus synthetic cannabidiol
Authors: Brighenti Virginia , Marani Matilde , Caroli Clarissa , Bertarini Laura , Gaggiotti Alessio , Pollastro Federica , Durante Caterina , Cannazza Giuseppe , Pellati Federica 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCannabidiol (CBD) is the main non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid derived from Cannabis sativa L. It is now an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), given its usage in treating some types of pediatric epilepsy. For this reason, this compound requires a deep characterization in terms of purity and origin. Previous research work has shown two impurities in CBD samples from hemp inflorescences, namely, cannabidivarin (CBDV) and cannabidibutol (CBDB), while abnormal-cannabidiol (abn-CBD) has been described as the primary by-product that is generated from CBD synthesis. Both natural and synthetic CBD samples exhibit the presence of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and Δ8-THC. This study aimed to develop a new analytical method based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with different detection systems to study the purity of CBD and to define its origin based on the impurity profile. In addition to the above-mentioned cannabinoids, other compounds, such as cannabigerovarin (CBGV), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabichromevarin (CBCV), and cannabichromene (CBC), were examined as potential discriminating impurities. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out by UHPLC-HRMS and HPLC-UV/Vis, respectively. Principal component analysis was applied for statistical exploration. Natural CBD samples exhibited purities ranging between 97.5 and 99.7%, while synthetic samples were generally pure, except for three initially labeled as synthetic, revealing natural-derived impurities. To further confirm the origin of CBD samples, the presence of other two minor impurities, namely cannabidihexol (CBDH) and cannabidiphorol (CBDP), was assessed as unequivocal for a natural origin. Finally, an enantioselective HPLC analysis was carried out and the results confirmed the presence of the (–)-trans enantiomer in all CBD samples. In conclusion, the HPLC method developed represents a reliable tool for detecting CBD impurities, thus providing a clear discrimination of the compound origin.
Graphical Abstract
Cohort-based strategies as an in-house tool to evaluate and improve phenotyping robustness of LC–MS/MS lipidomics platforms
Authors: Zöhrer Benedikt , Gómez Cristina , Jaumot Joaquim , Idborg Helena , Torekov Signe S. , Wheelock Åsa M. , Wheelock Craig E. , Checa Antonio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, instrumental improvements have enabled the spread of mass spectrometry–based lipidomics platforms in biomedical research. In mass spectrometry, the reliability of generated data varies for each compound, contingent on, among other factors, the availability of labeled internal standards. It is challenging to evaluate the data for lipids without specific labeled internal standards, especially when dozens to hundreds of lipids are measured simultaneously. Thus, evaluation of the performance of these platforms at the individual lipid level in interlaboratory studies is generally not feasible in a time-effective manner. Herein, using a focused subset of sphingolipids, we present an in-house validation methodology for individual lipid reliability assessment, tailored to the statistical analysis to be applied. Moreover, this approach enables the evaluation of various methodological aspects, including discerning coelutions sharing identical selected reaction monitoring transitions, pinpointing optimal labeled internal standards and their concentrations, and evaluating different extraction techniques. While the full validation according to analytical guidelines for all lipids included in a lipidomics method is currently not possible, this process shows areas to focus on for subsequent method development iterations as well as the robustness of data generated across diverse methodologies.
Graphical abstract
Non-thin rank jumps for double elliptic K3 surfaces
Authors: Pasten Hector , Salgado Cecília 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFor an elliptic surface $$\pi :X\rightarrow \mathbb {P}^1$$

π
:
X
→

P

1

defined over a number field K, a theorem of Silverman shows that for all but finitely many fibres above K-rational points, the resulting elliptic curve over K has Mordell-Weil rank at least as large as the rank of the group of sections of $$\pi $$
π
. When X is a K3 surface with two distinct elliptic fibrations, we show that the set of K-rational points of $$\mathbb {P}^1$$

P

1

for which this rank inequality is strict, is not a thin set, under certain hypothesis on the fibrations. Our results provide one of the first cases of this phenomenon beyond that of rational elliptic surfaces.
Whole-body parametric mapping of tumour perfusion in metastatic prostate cancer using long axial field-of-view [15O]H2O PET
Authors: Jochumsen Mads Ryø , Christensen Nana L , Iversen Peter , Gormsen Lars C , Sørensen Jens , Tolbod Lars P 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Tumour perfusion is a nutrient-agnostic biomarker for cancer metabolic rate. Use of tumour perfusion for cancer growth assessment has been limited by complicated image acquisition, image analysis and limited field-of-view scanners. Long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) PET scan using [15O]H2O, allows quantitative assessment of whole-body tumour perfusion. We created a tool for automated creation of quantitative parametric whole-body tumour perfusion images in metastatic cancer.

Methods
Ten metastatic prostate cancer patients underwent dynamic LAFOV [15O]H2O PET (Siemens, Quadra) followed by [18F]PSMA-1007 PET. Perfusion was measured as [15O]H2O K1 (mL/min/mL) with a single-tissue compartment model and an automatically captured cardiac image-derived input function. Parametric perfusion images were automatically calculated using the basis-function method with initial voxel-wise delay estimation and a leading-edge approach. Subsequently, perfusion of volumes-of-interest (VOI) can be directly extracted from the parametric images. We used a [18F]PSMA-1007 SUV 4 fixed threshold for tumour delineation and transferred these VOIs to the perfusion map.

Results
For 8 primary tumours, 64 lymph node metastases, and 85 bone metastases, median tumour perfusion were 0.19 (0.15–0.27) mL/min/mL, 0.16 (0.13–0.27) mL/min/mL, and 0.26 (0.21–0.39), respectively. The correlation between calculated perfusion from time-activity-curves and parametric images was excellent (r = 0.99, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
LAFOV PET imaging using [15O]H2O enables truly quantitative parametric images of whole-body tumour perfusion, a potential biomarker for guiding personalized treatment and monitoring treatment response.
Supraorbital Bone Shaving (S.O.S Procedure) in Restoration of Upper Lateral Convexity in Sunken Eyes
Authors: Askeroglu Ufuk , Ceran Fatih , Pilanci Ozgur 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Sunken eyes have become a most important target of periorbital area aesthetics. Throughout history, the aesthetics of the periorbital region have been emphasized, and various surgical techniques related to this region have been described. Most of these techniques provide only soft tissue solutions; therefore, additional surgical interventions may be required. The aim of our study was to introduce an endoscopic supraorbital shaving (SOS) technique for the treatment of individuals with sunken eyes.

Methods
Between 2020 and 2021, 34 patients (30 females, 4 males; mean age 36.2 years) with sunken eyes were treated with our described technique. All patients underwent an endoscopic SOS procedure under general anesthesia.

Results
A total of 34 patients (30 women and four men), aged 23–59 years old (mean = 36.2 years), underwent the endoscopic SOS procedure. The mean follow-up period was 13 months (range: 12–16 months). Postoperatively, significant improvement in lateral convexity was achieved in all patients. Physical examinations performed at the control visits revealed no functional problems in any patients and no visible or palpable irregularities or contour deformities. No complications were encountered regarding the SOS procedure.

Conclusions
The technique described here provides significant improvement in lateral convexity compared to other techniques used in patients with sunken eyes. No additional eyelid intervention is needed. Unlike the techniques previously described in the literature, intervention is made in the bone structure, thereby providing more accurate results.

Level of Evidence V
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Effects of material type and surface roughness of settlement tiles on macroalgal colonisation and early coral recruitment success
Authors: Fong Jenny , Ramsby Blake D. , Flores Florita , Dada Tewodros , Antunes Elsa , Abdul Wahab Muhammad Azmi , Severati Andrea , Negri Andrew P. , Diaz-Pulido Guillermo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSexual propagation of corals is a promising strategy for coral restoration, but one of the main challenges is the high mortality of coral spat due to competitive interactions with macroalgae during the early life history stages. Optimising the properties of settlement substrates such as material types and surface roughness has the potential to improve the survival of spat by limiting the recruitment and growth of macroalgae. In this study, we assessed the effects of modifying surface roughness across three different tile materials (alumina-based ceramic, calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and concrete) on the settlement success and post-settlement survivorship of Acropora kenti coral larvae in six mesocosm tanks, each with different established macroalgal communities. The macroalgal community compositions on the tiles were significantly different among material types, but not surface roughness, although the type and abundance of macroalgal species were heavily influenced by the established tank communities. Increasing surface roughness did not affect larval settlement success or spat survivorship. Substantially higher larval settlement density was found on concrete tiles (1.92 ± 0.10 larvae cm−2), but spat survival was the highest on CaCO3 tiles (73.4 ± 4.2% survived). Very strong competitive interactions were observed between spat and macroalgae, with overgrowth by the crustose coralline alga Crustaphytum sp. and the brown alga Lobophora sp. being the primary cause of spat mortality. Overall, when taking into account both settlement and survival rates, concrete was the best performing among the tile types tested here.
Normalised Clustering Accuracy: An Asymmetric External Cluster Validity Measure
Authors: Gagolewski Marek 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere is no, nor will there ever be, single best clustering algorithm. Nevertheless, we would still like to be able to distinguish between methods that work well on certain task types and those that systematically underperform. Clustering algorithms are traditionally evaluated using either internal or external validity measures. Internal measures quantify different aspects of the obtained partitions, e.g., the average degree of cluster compactness or point separability. However, their validity is questionable because the clusterings they endorse can sometimes be meaningless. External measures, on the other hand, compare the algorithms’ outputs to fixed ground truth groupings provided by experts. In this paper, we argue that the commonly used classical partition similarity scores, such as the normalised mutual information, Fowlkes–Mallows, or adjusted Rand index, miss some desirable properties. In particular, they do not identify worst-case scenarios correctly, nor are they easily interpretable. As a consequence, the evaluation of clustering algorithms on diverse benchmark datasets can be difficult. To remedy these issues, we propose and analyse a new measure: a version of the optimal set-matching accuracy, which is normalised, monotonic with respect to some similarity relation, scale-invariant, and corrected for the imbalancedness of cluster sizes (but neither symmetric nor adjusted for chance).
Outcomes comparison of robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic and open surgery for patients undergoing rectal cancer resection with concurrent stoma creation
Authors: Goldstone Robert N. , Francone Todd , Milky Gediwon , Shih I-Fan , Bossie Hannah , Li Yanli , Ricciardi Rocco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite widespread adoption of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) in rectal cancer resection, there remains limited knowledge of its clinical advantage over laparoscopic (Lap) and open (OS) surgery. We aimed to compare clinical outcomes of RAS with Lap and OS for rectal cancer.

Methods
We identified all patients aged ≥ 18 years who had elective rectal cancer resection requiring temporary or permanent stoma formation from 1/2013 to 12/2020 from the PINC AI™ Healthcare Database. We completed multivariable logistic regression analysis accounting for hospital clustering to compare ileostomy formation between surgical approaches. Next, we built inverse probability of treatment-weighted analyses to compare outcomes for ileostomy and permanent colostomy separately. Outcomes included postoperative complications, in-hospital mortality, discharge to home, reoperation, and 30-day readmission.

Results
A total of 12,787 patients (OS: 5599 [43.8%]; Lap: 2872 [22.5%]; RAS: 4316 [33.7%]) underwent elective rectal cancer resection. Compared to OS, patients who had Lap (OR 1.29, p < 0.001) or RAS (OR 1.53, p < 0.001) were more likely to have an ileostomy rather than permanent colostomy. In those with ileostomy, RAS was associated with fewer ileus (OR 0.71, p < 0.001) and less bleeding (OR 0.50, p < 0.001) compared to Lap. In addition, RAS was associated with lower anastomotic leak (OR 0.25, p < 0.001), less bleeding (OR 0.51, p < 0.001), and fewer blood transfusions (OR 0.70, p = 0.022) when compared to OS. In those patients who had permanent colostomy formation, RAS was associated with fewer ileus (OR 0.72, p < 0.001), less bleeding (OR 0.78, p = 0.021), lower 30-day reoperation (OR 0.49, p < 0.001), and higher discharge to home (OR 1.26, p = 0.013) than Lap, as well as OS.

Conclusion
Rectal cancer patients treated with RAS were more likely to have an ileostomy rather than a permanent colostomy and more enhanced recovery compared to Lap and OS.
Assessment of gingival translucency at the mandibular incisors with two different probing systems. A cross sectional study
Authors: Kloukos Dimitrios , Roccuzzo Andrea , Staehli Alexandra , Koukos George , Sculean Anton , Kolokitha Olga Elpis , Katsaros Christos 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Increasing evidence indicates that the thickness of periodontal soft tissues plays an important role in various clinical scenarios, thus pointing to the need of further clinical research in this area. Aim of the present study was to assess gingival thickness at the mandibular incisors by translucency judgement with two different probes and to validate if these methods are comparable and applicable as diagnostic tools.

Materials and methods
A total of 200 participants were included; gingival tissue thickness was measured by judging probe translucency at both central mandibular incisors, mid-facially on the buccal aspect of each tooth using a standard periodontal probe and a set of color-coded probe, each with a different color at the tip, i.e. Colorvue Biotype Probe (CBP). Frequencies and relative frequencies were calculated for probe visibility. Agreement between the standard periodontal probe and the CBP was evaluated via the kappa statistic.

Results
When the periodontal probe was visible, the frequency of CBP being visible was very high. Kappa statistic for the agreement between the standard periodontal probe and the CBP was 0.198 (71.5% agreement; p-value < 0.001) for tooth 41 and 0.311 (74.0% agreement; p-value < 0.001) for tooth 31, indicating a positive association of the two methods.

Conclusions
An agreement that reached 74% was estimated between the standard periodontal probe and the color-coded probe at central mandibular incisors.

Clinical relevance
In the context of the present study, the two methods of evaluating gingival thickness seem to produce comparable measurements with a substantial agreement. However, in the 1/4 of the cases, the visibility of the color-coded probe could not assist in the categorization of the gingival phenotype.
Impact of right ventricle-pulmonary artery coupling in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Mendes Lígia Fernandes , Brandão Mariana , Diaz Silvia O. , Almeida Marta Catarina , Barros António S. , Saraiva Francisca , Ribeiro José , Rodrigues Alberto , Braga Pedro , Carvalho Ricardo Fontes , Sampaio Francisco 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRight ventricle-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) coupling has been linked to clinical outcomes in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter valve implantation (TAVI). However, the best timing for prognostic assessment remains uncertain. Our aim was to determine the impact of RV longitudinal function parameters and RV-PA coupling on mortality in patients undergoing TAVI. Retrospective, single center, analysis including patients with AS who underwent TAVI between 2007 and 2021. Echocardiographic evaluation was performed before, shortly after the procedure, and during follow-up. RV-PA uncoupling was defined as a TAPSE/PASP ratio<0.55 (severe RV uncoupling was defined as TAPSE/PASP ratio<0.32. The effect of RV parameters on all-cause mortality up to 12 months was assessed. Among the 577 patients included, pre-procedural TAPSE/PASP ratio data were available for 205. RV-PA uncoupling was present in 113 patients (55.1%), with severe uncoupling observed in 31 (15.1%). Within the first 12 months after TAVI, 51 patients (9%) died. Severe RV-PA uncoupling was associated with mortality in univariable Cox regression; however, this association was lost after adjusting for EuroSCORE II. A significant association was found between the TAPSE/PASP ratio (per 0.1-unit increase) after the procedure and the primary endpoint (HR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.97; p=0.029). Higher postprocedural PASP (HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.06; p<0.001 was also associated with all-cause mortality. V-PA uncoupling and PASP after TAVI are associated with all-cause mortality in patients and may be valuable for patient selection and for planning post-procedural care.
Who Benefits from Acute Psychiatric Home Treatment? A Systematic Review
Authors: Bergamaschi Vera , Baumann Felix , Warnke Ingeborg , Corbisiero Salvatore , Ludwig Fabian , Riedel Andreas , Gabriel-Felleiter Kerstin , Schmidt Stefanie J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHome treatment (HT) treats patients in an acute crisis through an interdisciplinary team with daily appointments for a short treatment period. The effectiveness of HT has already been confirmed. However, only few studies addressed specific patient characteristics associated outcome of treatment. This study aimed to identify patient characteristics associated with successful outcomes of HT. A systematic literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 13 studies were included in the systematic review. Being employed, having a regular income, having an anxiety disorder and family involvement were associated with a successful treatment outcome in HT. High symptom severity and former hospital admissions were associated with unsuccessful treatment outcome in HT in the selected studies. HT seems to be especially beneficial for patients with paid employment or regular income, patients with anxiety disorders, and patients with familial or other social support.
Comparative metabolomic analysis of the phloem sap of nine citrus relatives with different degrees of susceptibility to Huanglongbing disease
Authors: Herranz María C. , Navarro Jose Antonio , Locascio Antonella , Peña Leandro , Manzanares Paloma , Marcos Jose F. , Pallás Vicente 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCitrus Huanglongbing (HLB) disease, also known as “citrus greening”, is currently considered the most devastating citrus disease due to its rapid spread, and high severity. Presently, research efforts are focused on searching for either curative treatments or resistant cultivars to combat the HLB-associated bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas).Metabolomics can help to unravel the mechanisms supporting the potential tolerance/resistance of citrus relatives. Herein, we carried out a metabolomic analysis to determine whether the level of resistance of nine citrus-related genotypes is influenced by their pre-existing metabolic background before infection. For this purpose, the healthy phloem of nine Citrinae genotypes previously categorized according to their different responses to HLB was analyzed. A total of 53 different metabolites were targeted, including amino acids, organic and inorganic acids, and sugars. Interestingly, we observed that resistant and partially resistant genotypes exhibited higher accumulations of organic acids such as quinic acid and citric acid. In contrast, the amount of total sugars showed a clear upward trend in the susceptible genotypes. Notably, within this last group of metabolites, sugar acids increase in both partially resistant and resistant accessions, being more evident in the resistant group.Alterations potentially linked to resistance levels were detected in specific amino acids belonging to the aspartate and glutamate families. Notably, only lysine levels exhibited a significant increase in the susceptible cultivars. The evaluation of five genes associated with lysine catabolism by RT-qPCR revealed differences in transcript abundance between resistant and susceptible samples suggesting a potential key role in plant defence. These findings open a new avenue to identify metabolites and/or substances that could aid in developing resistance strategies to this devastating disease.
Determining ecological footprints for sustainable cities; sample of Sakarya city
Authors: Özdamar Zeynep , Yiğit Mahnaz Gümrükçüoğlu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnchecked growth, or urban expansion, causes a host of negative environmental effects in cities and produces a myriad of ecological issues. Planning initiatives in cities must include a “ecological city” perspective in order to tackle these urgent problems and combat the global climate disaster. A vital first step in accomplishing this sustainability goal is determining the size and scope of a city’s ecological footprint. The main objective of this study was to calculate the ecological footprints of Sakarya for the years 2010 and 2018. This comprehensive evaluation encompassed a range of key components, including energy consumption from fossil fuels, heating and transportation costs, food consumption patterns, waste generation, recycling rates, and urban land usage. In 2010 and 2018, the total ecological footprints resulting from these variables were 1,125,856 and 1,226,490 global hectares, respectively. Most significant drivers behind the increase in Sakarya’s ecological footprint during this period found were the utilization of fossil fuels and energy consumption. Consequently, our findings underscore the importance of implementing alternative energy sources, such as biofuels and waste-produced energy, alongside adopting alternative transportation methods to reduce the ecological footprint. We also provide insights into the associated costs of these measures and propose innovative solutions to be considered.