bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of coupled dose and rhythm manipulation of plasma cortisol levels on leukocyte transcriptional response to endotoxin challenge in humans
Authors: Kamisoglu Kubra , Sleight Kirsten , Nguyen Tung T , Calvano Steve E , Coyle Susette M , Corbett Siobhan A , Androulakis Ioannis P 
Published: November 2013

Severe traumas are associated with hypercortisolemia due to both disruption of cortisol secretion rhythm and increase in its total concentration. Understanding the effects of altered cortisol levels and rhythms on immune function is of great clinical interest, to prevent conditions such as sepsis from complicating the recovery. This in vivo study assesses the responses of circulating leukocytes to coupled dose and rhythm manipulation of cortisol, preceding an immune challenge induced by endotoxin administration. Through continuous infusion, plasma cortisol concentration was increased to and kept constant at a level associated with major physiologic stress. In response, transcriptional programming of leukocytes was altered to display a priming response before endotoxin exposure. Enhanced expression of a number of receptors and signaling proteins, as well as lowered protein translation and mitochondrial function indicated a sensitization against potential infectious threats. Despite these changes, response to endotoxin followed very similar patterns in both cortisol and saline pre-treated groups except one cluster including probe sets associated with major players regulating inflammatory response. In sum, altered dose and rhythm of plasma cortisol levels engendered priming of circulating leukocytes when preceded an immune challenge. This transcriptional program change associated with stimulated surveillance function and suppressed energy-intensive processes, emphasized permissive actions of cortisol on immune function.
CoMAGC: a corpus with multi-faceted annotations of gene-cancer relations
Authors: Lee Hee-Jin , Shim Sang-Hyung , Song Mi-Ryoung , Lee Hyunju , Park Jong C 
Published: November 2013

Abstract

Background
In order to access the large amount of information in biomedical literature about genes implicated in various cancers both efficiently and accurately, the aid of text mining (TM) systems is invaluable. Current TM systems do target either gene-cancer relations or biological processes involving genes and cancers, but the former type produces information not comprehensive enough to explain how a gene affects a cancer, and the latter does not provide a concise summary of gene-cancer relations.

Results
In this paper, we present a corpus for the development of TM systems that are specifically targeting gene-cancer relations but are still able to capture complex information in biomedical sentences. We describe CoMAGC, a corpus with multi-faceted annotations of gene-cancer relations. In CoMAGC, a piece of annotation is composed of four semantically orthogonal concepts that together express 1) how a gene changes, 2) how a cancer changes and 3) the causality between the gene and the cancer. The multi-faceted annotations are shown to have high inter-annotator agreement. In addition, we show that the annotations in CoMAGC allow us to infer the prospective roles of genes in cancers and to classify the genes into three classes according to the inferred roles. We encode the mapping between multi-faceted annotations and gene classes into 10 inference rules. The inference rules produce results with high accuracy as measured against human annotations. CoMAGC consists of 821 sentences on prostate, breast and ovarian cancers. Currently, we deal with changes in gene expression levels among other types of gene changes. The corpus is available at http://biopathway.org/CoMAGCunder the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0).

Conclusions
The corpus will be an important resource for the development of advanced TM systems on gene-cancer relations.
Effects of carvedilol treatment on cardiac cAMP response element binding protein expression and phosphorylation in acute coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis
Authors: Li-Sha Ge , Yi-He Chen , Na-Dan Zhou , Teng Zhang , Yue-Chun Li 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundThe role of β-adrenergic stimulation on viral myocarditis has been investigated in animal models of viral myocarditis. Excess stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors by catecholamines causes phosphorylation/activation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) by the cAMP signaling pathway. CREB as an important regulator of gene expression mediates the cardiovascular remodeling process and promotes anti-inflammatory immune responses. However, the CREB expression and phosphorylation have not been studied, and the effects of carvedilol (a nonselective β-adrenoceptor antagonist) on the CREB has not been investigated in the setting of acute viral myocarditis.MethodsThis study was therefore designed to examine the effects of carvedilol on the transcriptional factor CREB in a murine model of acute viral myocarditis. In a coxsackievirus B3 murine myocarditis model (Balb/c), effects of carvedilol on plasma noradrenaline, heart rate and blood pressure, myocardial histopathological changes and fibrosis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, cardiac CREB and phosphorylated CREB, cytokine levels, and viral RNA were studied.ResultsThe expression and phosphorylation of CREB were decreased with concomitant increase of IL-6 and TNF-α in murine coxsackievirus-induced acute viral myocarditis. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were correlated with the expression of CREB or phosphorylated CREB. Carvedilol increased the cardiac CREB expression and phosphorylation and decreased the plasma catecholamine levels and the production of IL-6 and TNF-α with amelioration of acute viral myocarditis.ConclusionThese results show that CREB may be involved in the pathophysiology of viral myocarditis and carvedilol exerts some of its beneficial effects by increasing the CREB expression and phosphorylation.
Molecular memory with atomically smooth graphene contacts
Authors: Umair Ahmad , Raza Tehseen Z , Raza Hassan 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
We report the use of bilayer graphene as an atomically smooth contact for nanoscale devices. A two-terminal bucky-ball (C60) based molecular memory is fabricated with bilayer graphene as a contact on the polycrystalline nickel electrode. Graphene provides an atomically smooth covering over an otherwise rough metal surface. The use of graphene additionally prohibits the electromigration of nickel into the C60 layer. The devices exhibit a low-resistance state in the first sweep cycle and irreversibly switch to a high-resistance state at 0.8 to 1.2 V bias. In the subsequent cycles, the devices retain the high-resistance state, thus making it write-once read-many memory.
The lactic acid bacteria metabolite phenyllactic acid inhibits both radial growth and sporulation of filamentous fungi
Authors: Svanström Åsa , Boveri Silvio , Boström Emma , Melin Petter 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackgroundFood spoilage caused by molds is a severe problem. In food and feed, e.g. dairy products, sourdough bread and silage, lactic acid bacteria are used as starter cultures. Besides lactic and acetic acid, some strains produce other low molecular weight compounds with antifungal activities. One of these metabolites is phenyllactic acid (PLA), well known for its antifungal effect. The inhibitory effect of PLA has only partially been investigated, and the objective of this study was to elucidate in detail the antifungal properties of PLA.ResultsWe investigated the outgrowth of individual conidia fromAspergillus niger,Cladosporium cladosporioidesandPenicillium roqueforti, and observed the morphologies of resulting colonies on solid media using different acid concentrations. We found that PLA inhibits molds similar to weak acid preservatives. Furthermore, it has an additional activity: at sub-inhibitory concentrations, fungal colonies displayed slower radial growth and inhibited sporulation. The L isoform of PLA is a more potent inhibitor than the D form. Increased expression ofphiAwas observed during PLA treatment. This gene was initially identified as being induced byStreptomyces-produced macrolide antibiotics, and is shown to be a structural protein in developed cells. This suggests that PhiA may act as a general stress protectant in fungi.ConclusionFrom a food protection perspective, the results of this study support the usage of lactic acid bacteria strains synthesizing PLA as starter cultures in food and feed. Such starter cultures could inhibit spore synthesis, which would be beneficial as many food borne fungi are spread by airborne spores.
Yersinia pestissurvival and replication within human neutrophil phagosomes and uptake of infected neutrophils by macrophages
Authors: Spinner Justin L , Winfree Seth , Starr Tregei , Shannon Jeffrey G , Nair Vinod , Steele-Mortimer Olivia , Hinnebusch B Joseph 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTYersinia pestis, the bacterial agent of plague, is transmitted by fleas. The bite of an infected flea deposits Y. pestis into the dermis and triggers recruitment of innate immune cells, including phagocytic PMNs. Y. pestis can subvert this PMN response and survive at the flea-bite site, disseminate, and persist in the host. Although its genome encodes a number of antiphagocytic virulence factors, phagocytosis of Y. pestis by PMNs has been observed. This study tests the hypotheses that Y. pestis, grown at the ambient temperature of the flea vector (21°C), where the major antiphagocytic virulence factors are not produced, can survive and replicate within human PMNs and can use PMNs as a route to infect macrophages subsequently. We show that Y. pestis is localized within PMN phagosomes, predominately as individual bacteria, and that intracellular bacteria can survive and replicate. Within 12 h of infection, ∼70% of infected PMNs had PS on their surface and were plausibly competent for efferocytosis. With the use of live cell confocal imaging, we show that autologous HMDMs recognize and internalize infected PMNs and that Y. pestis survives and replicates within these HMDMs following efferocytosis. Addition of HMDMs to infected PMNs resulted in decreased secretion of inflammatory cytokines (compared with HMDMs incubated directly with pCD1−Y. pestis) and increased secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1ra. Thus, Y. pestis can survive and replicate within PMNs, and infected PMNs may be a route for noninflammatory infection of macrophages.
Application of Homogeneous Liquid–Liquid Microextraction via Flotation Assistance Followed by Gas Chromatography for Determination of Butachlor in Water Samples
Authors: Haddadi Hedayat , Rezaee Mohammad , Semnani Abolfazl , Mashayekhi Hossein Ali 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In this article, a new method using homogeneous liquid–liquid microextraction via flotation assistance (HLLME-FA) combined with gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) for the determination of butachlor in water samples was developed. In this research, a special extraction cell was designed to facilitate collection of the low-density solvent extraction. No centrifugation was required in this procedure. The water sample solution was added into the extraction cell which contained an appropriate mixture of extraction and homogeneous solvents. By using air flotation, the organic solvent was collected at the conical part of the designed cell. The effect of different parameters on the efficiency of the extraction such as kind and the volume of extraction and homogeneous solvents, ionic strength, and extraction time were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 1.0–200 µg L−1 with the detection limit of 0.2 µg L−1. The results show that HLLME-FA is a simple, rapid, sensitive, and efficient analytical method for the determination of butachlor in water samples, and satisfactory results were obtained.
Synthesis of α-Hydroxy Ketones from Vicinal Diols by Selective Dehydrogenation over Ir–ReOx/SiO2 Catalyst
Authors: Sato Hiraku , Tamura Masazumi , Nakagawa Yoshinao , Tomishige Keiichi 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Rhenium oxide-modified Ir/SiO2 (Ir–ReOx/SiO2) catalyst shows high activity and selectivity for the dehydrogenation of trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol to 2-hydroxycyclohexanone in water solvent under Ar. Linear vicinal diols bearing two secondary hydroxy groups or both a primary hydroxy group and a secondary hydroxy group can also be transformed to the corresponding α-hydroxy ketones in high selectivities. Ir–ReOx/SiO2 can be reused at least four times without loss of activity and selectivity.
The Heat of Deeds: A true crime history of penal Newcastle
Authors: Murray David 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The penal outstation of Newcastle, New South Wales was an early nineteenth-century British experiment in secondary punishment. Its twenty years of operation from 1804 to 1821 encompassed the Rum Rebellion of 1807, the expansive governorship of Lachlan Macquarie and a population boom of convicts and free settlers following the Napoleonic wars. Defined by contemporary methods of corporal punishment, penology and martial law, it would establish itself as a productive hard labour settlement that at various times provided the new colony – especially Sydney Town – with coal, timber, salt and building lime. It was also a uniquely intimate and human world that housed, fed, broke and occasionally redeemed its motley crew of gaolers and reoffending convicts, whose original population of 100 peaked at a 1000 by 1820. It is also the setting for ‘The Heat of Deeds’, a creative nonfiction, true crime narrative experiment by Dr Murray, which reconstructs the incomplete, archival traces of some of its residents into stories grounded in the squalor, violence, resilience, desperation and grace of the lived, convict experience. The following extract refers to the outstation’s final years as a penal facility.
The treachery of pixels: Reconsidering feelies in an era of digital play
Authors: Kocurek Carly A. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
This article interrogates the importance of feelies for game design and game history, making the case for considering feelies not as ephemera, but as essential game components. Feelies have often been treated as supplementary aspects of game design, as evidenced by the reissue and even archiving of games without feelies. However, researchers would do well to consider carefully the impact feelies have on player experience, particularly as practices established around these early games continue to inform game design; too much attention to the digital components of games can efface the physicality of video games and artificially simplify interpretations.
Synthesis of Responsive Polymer Brushes on Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Suthar Kamlesh J. , Mowat Joseph E. , Balasubramanian Shankar , Ghantasala Muralidhar K. , Mancini Derrick C. 
Published: November 2013

ABSTRACTWe report a simple synthesis technique to attached poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) on magnetic nanoparticles. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were prepared using co-precipitation method. Nearly monodisperse nanoparticles were separated by terminating surface of Fe3O4 with dopamine followed by careful centrifugation and decantation. NHS/EDC coupling chemistry was employed to attached the carboxylic acid terminated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) to amine end of dopamine on surface of the magnetic particles. Analysis of the polymer brush layers was conducted using UV-Vis spectroscopy, ATR−FTIR, and Transmission electron microscopy techniques. The magnetic property was investigated using direct current superconducting quantum interference device (DC-SQUID) method.
MPH Education for the 21st Century: Design of Columbia University’s New Public Health Curriculum
Authors: Begg Melissa D. , Galea Sandro , Bayer Ronald , Walker Julia R. , Fried Linda P. 
Published: November 2013

Because public health challenges are changing rapidly, over the past 3 years, we have turned a critical eye to the master of public health program at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health. Under a process dubbed “curriculum renewal,” we engaged more than 170 faculty, staff, and students (and hundreds of alumni and employers of our graduates) in an initiative to develop a completely new design for master of public health education that launched in fall 2012. We have described its design and structure and presented some preliminary evaluation data.
Fractures of the tibia shaft treated with locked intramedullary nail
Authors: Șerban Al. , Botnaru V. , Turcu R., , Obadă B. , Anderlik St. 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Background: The gold standard treatment for complex fractures of tibial shaft is the reamed interlocking intramedullary nail. There has been some controversies about dynamization of statically locked nail, and some authors recommend routine dynamization for promotion of healing. This study evaluates the treatment of complex fractures of tibia shaft with static and dynamic interlocking intramedullary nail method.
Methods: In this retrospective study, we studied 100 patients treated in Clinical Emergency Hospital Constanta between April 2012 - July 2013 diagnosed with tibia and fibula shaft fractures. They were treated by external fixation, and intramedullary nail. The intramedullary nail was blocked distally static or dynamic.
Results: All patients achieved union during 12-18 weeks. The need of dynamization was required at 23 patients after 10 weeks from osteosynthesis.
No significant complication was observed in our patients. Alignment of tibial fracture was perfect in all patients without any shortening and rotation.
Conclusion: Locked intramedullary nailing is the treatment of choice for fractures of the tibial shaft.
Introduction to Prediction of Operational Efficiency for a Selected Type of a Military Aircraft / Wprowadzenie Do Prognozy Skuteczności Działania Wybranego Typu Wojskowego Statku Powietrznego
Authors: Henryk Tomaszek , Ryszard Kaleta , Mariusz Zieja 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The study reveals the general outline for a method of determining the operational efficiency of a military aircraft with respect to destruction of targets held by a potential enemy. The method consists in determination of selected probability factors that define the efficiency of an aircraft’s operation on a potential battlefield. The paper is focused on finding a formula for the mathematical expectation for the number of enemy targets that can be eliminated, where the analytical relationships is determined by means of difference equation that is subsequently transformed into the Fokker-Planck partial differential equation. The solution of that equation represents the function of probable density for the number of destroyable targets. When the function is known it can be then used to determine the efficiency factor related to the optimum (most desired) number of enemy targets that are destroyed. For these probabilities the denominator values are equal to one or the optimum values. The efficiency factor, determined in such a way, seems to be useful for determination of the operational potential demonstrated by a military aircraft.
The Incidence of Anemia in the Adult Working Population of Vojvodina
Authors: Kolarović Jovanka , Ćulafić Jelena , Čabarkapa Velibor , Vučković Nada , Vučković Dejan , Bodroža-Solarov Marija 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Background: Anemia is a global public health problem of endemic proportions, especially in women, and with serious health consequences. Anemia was defined according to the World Health Organization criteria as hemoglobin concentration <130 g/L for men and <120 g/L for women. The incidence of anemia varies between regions, so the aim of the study was to determine the incidence of anemia in a randomly selected sample of adult working individuals of both sexes, in Vojvodina.
Methods: The study included a total of 6087 subjects (4658 men and 1429 non-pregnant women) aged 18-65 years who presented for a regular checkup at the Public Health Institute of Vojvodina. Blood specimen collection was performed by antecubital venipuncture in all subjects.
Results: The results showed that the incidence of anemia in adults in Vojvodina was 7.7%, and it was more frequent in women (20%) than in men (3.86%). The most frequent was normocytic anemia, whereas microcytic anemia was less prevalent. Macrocytic anemia was found in only 3.3% of subjects, exclusively in women. The greatest proportion of anemic subjects, regardless of sex, had hemoglobin levels that indicated mild anemia (Hb 100-119 g/L for women, and 100-129 g/L for men). Only 4% of men and 12% of women had Hb levels that indicated the presence of moderate or severe anemia (≤100 g/L).
Conclusions: Considering the medical, social and economic consequences anemia may produce, identification of risk factors and application of adequate preventive measures should be a public health priority.
Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Energy Analysis of Passive House with Variable Construction Materials
Authors: Baďurová Silvia , Ponechal Radoslav , Ďurica Pavol 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
The term "passive house" refers to rigorous and voluntary standards for energy efficiency in a building, reducing its ecological footprint. There are many ways how to build a passive house successfully. These designs as well as construction techniques vary from ordinary timber constructions using packs of straw or constructions of clay. This paper aims to quantify environmental quality of external walls in a passive house, which are made of a timber frame, lightweight concrete blocks and sand-lime bricks in order to determine whether this constructional form provides improved environmental performance. Furthermore, this paper assesses potential benefit of energy savings at heating of houses in which their external walls are made of these three material alternatives. A two storey residential passive house, with floorage of 170.6 m2, was evaluated. Some measurements of air and surface temperatures were done as a calibration etalon for a method of simulation.
Transverse Reinforcement in Reinforced Concrete Columns
Authors: Gramblička Štefan , Veróny Peter 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
In the article we are dealing with the influence of transverse reinforcement to the resistance of a cross-section of the reinforced concrete columns and also with the effective detailing of the column reinforcement. We are verifying the correctness of design guides for detailing of transverse reinforcement. We are also taking into account the diameter of stirrups and its influence over transverse deformation of column.
Comparative sex chromosome hybridizations in Ruminantia
Authors: Kozubska-Sobocińska Anna , Rejduch Barbara , Danielak-Czech Barbara , Babicz Marek , Bąk Agnieszka 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThe syntenic conservation nature of some chromosomes enables the use of several molecular probes obtained from one species of animals to detect homologous DNA segments in other species. The aim of this study was to analyse homology between sex chromosomes in several species belonging to the suborder Ruminantia (sheep - Ovis aries, fallow deer - Dama dama, aoudad - Ammotragus lervia, red deer - Cervus elaphus) using bovine heterosome painting probes in FISH technique. The results obtained showed strong red fluorescence signals in small metacentric heterosomes Y and distinct yellow-green signals in large acrocentric chromosomes X of all compared species.