bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Case for a Case
Authors: Hamad Tawfiq Abu 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Qatargas embarked on the development of an Operational Safety, Health and Environment (SHE) Case in June 2011 for all Offshore and Onshore facilities including terminal operation and logistics.
The SHE Case is a methodical and auditable document to demonstrate how Qatargas SHE objectives are being met for a particular facility or activity. It is intended to demonstrate that all Major Hazards and Risks associated with a particular facility or operation are identified and that suitable controls and preventive measures and strategies for reducing the effects of a major incident, if one does occur are effectively and consistently applied in order to manage the risks to a level that is tolerable and ‘As Low As Reasonably Practicable’ (ALARP).
This includes a requirement to ensure adequacy of the site's safety management system, critical safety elements and controls and compliance with the requirements of Qatargas SHE Standards, State of Qatar Environmental Regulations, and any other relevant stakeholder requirements for SHE management.
The SHE Case has helped Qatargas identifying focus areas, and SHE critical aspects of the facilities. Operationalizing the SHE Case is the next step to ensure that the case is making impacts to safety of the facilities and incorporating the process of continuous improvement in SHE performance.
An operational SHE Case is a reflection of Qatargas; proactive and beyond-compliance initiative. The efforts, challenges and experiences of the development and operational of such a massive SHE Case offers very valuable lessons learned for industries in Qatar and the region.
A Potential Solution for Waste Management at Remote Sites
Authors: Findley J.. , Al-Haj H.. , Shanaa J.. , Al-Duaiji A.. , Economou S.. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Environmentally-friendly solid waste management can present a challenge at small, often temporary, remote sites due to the high cost of waste hauling. A transportable solid waste gasification system was evaluated over a five-month period as a potential solution for waste management at remote drilling and workover sites. The demonstration was conducted at a workover camp in Saudi Arabia in late 2012 and early 2013. The system evaluated was an automated, modular unit capable of thermally gasifying 20-40 kg batches of organic solid waste per hour at temperatures exceeding 600 °C. Ordinary camp garbage and kitchen wastes were treated. The system was designed to recycle and burn the syngas generated to sustain the operation. Gaseous emissions are rapidly quenched below 200°C to avoid the formation of dioxins and furans. Following gasification, a small volume of residual solids remain as non-toxic bio-char. This bio-char can potentially be used as a soil additive. Inorganic waste is sterilized, but otherwise unaffected by the gasification process. Preliminary results indicate that a waste volume reduction of more than 95% of the waste processed was achieved. This system is expected to be especially applicable to remote operations or on-board off-shore rigs and marine vessels where costs to transport waste are high.
Addressing Safety Challenges of Operating in Sour Gas Fields: A Case Study from the Middle East
Authors: Onerhime Anthony , Kveps Andy , Daher Elie 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIn the Middle East, there is a gas field that is one of the most challenging gas extraction development projects in the world. The field has a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) concentration in excess of 20%. The field was discovered over 40 years ago, but due to the absence of appropriate technologies to safely extract the reservoirs, field development had been sidelined for several decades. With the advances in oilfield technologies and processes, the field operator commenced field development a few years back. The operator protects its facilities from H2S risk by a comprehensive air management process that uses leading industry gas monitoring and protection systems. During the project design phase, the emphasis focused on fixed facilities and protection at these facilities. However, the possibility of an unexpected gas release and exposure in areas away from the fixed facilities and while in transit within the field soon became apparent. The challenge was to provide for the safety of personnel from the time they entered the field to the time they exited it.An oilfield services company identified the potential risk that possible H2S exposure represented to the safety of personnel while in transit through this field. To address the challenge, the company sought the help of an innovative safety solutions provider. After a series of discussions between the safety solutions provider and the oilfield services company, it became apparent that there was a need to develop a solution that would provide early-warning gas detection while on the move, ensure immediate availability of breathing air protection, and allow communication and documentation of hazards and air status within a crew transportation vehicle. The resulting solution was a vehicle gas protection system (VGPS) with an integrated gas detection system and a proprietary breathing air management system that enables users to transit safely through such terrain.
Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) Initiatives in Natural Gas Processing Plants in Qatar
Authors: Syed Riyaz A. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Emerging water regulations and fresh water scarcity are driving the natural gas processing industries in Qatar towards implementing Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) systems. ZLD implies that all wastewater produced in the plant is contained within the plant fence and treated industrial and process water (TIPW) is not discharged into the environment.
This paper presents an evaluation of technologies, their potential effectiveness and challenges in achieving ZLD. Pre-treatment facilities for TIPW re-use generally consist of neutralisation and filtration packages, Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) strippers and Dissolved Air Floatation (DAF) and Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) units. A combination of technologies such as Brine Concentrators, Ultrafiltration (UF), Reverse Osmosis (RO), evaporation-crystallisation unit, and other emerging technologies, are considered as viable solutions for ZLD. However, space limitations, capital expenditure, and concentrate management (brine disposal minimisation) are being recognised as significant obstacles for the existing plants. Deep well injections, evaporation ponds (and landfill disposal options) and discharge to the marine environment (with proper mixing) are the only feasible options for disposal of concentrated brine. With restrictive environmental permits and requirements for these disposal methods, industrial facilities find it difficult to economically justify a ZLD system. A combination of re-concentration techniques and a comprehensive utilisation of concentrated brine, with supportive governmental policies, would be one of the most effective ways to fulfill ZLD.
Remembering: A Narrative with Different Characters
Authors: Carroll Lesley 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
I recently attended a conference at which a speaker from Romania posed this question:
How do we transmit the memory of atrocities, victimhood dictatorship, to people who have already heard that story, only with different characters?
In this article I take remembering in Northern Ireland as a story with different characters. A shared narrative to transmit the memory of what happened over thirty years of Northern Irelands Troubles remains to be told by and for the whole society. The purpose of a shared narrative is to contribute to a number of mechanisms that direct society to a future in which what happened in the past will never happen again. By a shared narrative I mean one that reflects the different characters and experiences, from different local experiences to different individual and community experiences. An agreed narrative is not possible at this time and perhaps that should never be the ambition for it would obscure the many characters within the one narrative. The kind of narrative that is shared may be defined as a ‘composite’ narrative that tells about individuals within the broader context of what was happening across Northern Ireland. It is important that remembering is understood to be narrative and not event, composite and not obscuring the characters involved. I will reflect on visits to Yad Vashem and the Kigali Memorial Centre as place where narrative was evoked about how to remember well for a better future where there has been conflict. I will share some of that challenges to remembering together in Northern Ireland and I will look to the Passover Seder and Lord's Supper for wisdom. I will conclude with some challenges to remembering as a contributor to peacemaking but without betrayal.
Synthesis of Β-Nitrostyrene in Highly Hydrophilic Ionic Liquid Media
Authors: Pavlovica S. , Gaidule A. , Zicmanis A. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
The condensation reaction of benzaldehyde with nitromethane that resulted in the formation of β-nitrostyrene was studied in ionic liquid media - (2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium carboxylates (formates, lactates, acetates) without application of any other catalyst. The dependence of product yield on the ionic liquid cation and anion structure, the polarity of the ionic liquid and the pseudo-pH value of the reaction medium was investigated. The highest yield of the condensation reaction product - β-nitrostyrene was achieved in (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium formate medium
Characterization of Humic Acids from Raised Bog Peat
Authors: Klavins M. , Purmalis O. 
Published: September 2014

Abstract
Humic substances form most of the organic component of soil, peat and natural waters, but their structure and properties are very much dependent on the source. The aim of this study was to characterize humic acids from raised bog peat to evaluate the homogeneity of humic acids isolated from the bog bodies and to study peat humification impact on the properties of humic acids. Peat humic acids (HA) have an intermediate position between the living organic matter and coal organic matter, with their structure formed in a process where the relatively labile moieties (carbohydrates, amino acids, etc.) are destroyed, and thermodynamically more stable aromatic and polycyclic structures emerge. Comparatively, the studied peat HAs were at the start of this transformation process. Concentrations of carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups changed depending on the source depth of peat from which HAs were isolated. The carboxylic acidity of peat HAs increased with depth of the source and the extent of peat humification
Strategic Noise Mapping of Herakleion: The Aircraft Noise Impact as a factor of the Int. Airport relocation
Authors: Vogiatzis Konstantinos , Remy Nicolas 
Published: September 2014

AbstractIn the framework of the European Directive 2002/49/EC, the city of Herakleion in Crete Island (Greece) recently completed (2013) its Strategic Noise Map (SNM) and relevant Noise Action Plan (NAP). Strategic noise mapping and action plans are important tools to define the main strategies to reduce noise exposure of residents and introduce and preserve "quite zones". Within this framework and as a part of the Herakleion city Strategic Noise Mapping general a specific analysis was introduced in the urban area of Alikarnassos (east part of the city) adjacent to the International Airport “Nikos Kazantzakis”. The 2nd biggest airport in Greece, airport is proposed to be relocated in Kastelli area (some 37 km south of the Herakleion city centre, far away from dense populated areas), within the next decade but in the mean time, air traffic (take of, taxi and landing procedures, especially during the extended spring and summer period), are affecting the city. This paper analyzes the extended acoustic measurement monitoring program and the modelling of environmental noise levels within the city’s SNM introducing - state of the art - qualitative surveys on the sound perception and noise annoyance by the residents as well as in depth analysis of the urban and architectural tissue. All these results have been transcribed in several maps introducing a very comprehensive evaluation tool towards an efficient noise action plan leading to the eventual relocation of the airport. This paper presents the main results of this research aiming to the evaluation of the inffluence at the inhabitants’ sonic comfort from aircraft operation.
Frequently updated noise threat maps created with use of supercomputing grid
Authors: Szczodrak Maciej , Czyzewski Andrzej , Kotus Józef , Kostek Bozena 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAn innovative supercomputing grid services devoted to noise threat evaluation were presented. The services described in this paper concern two issues, first is related to the noise mapping, while the second one focuses on assessment of the noise dose and its influence on the human hearing system. The discussed serviceswere developed within the PL-Grid Plus Infrastructure which accumulates Polish academic supercomputer centers. Selected experimental results achieved by the usage of the services proposed were presented. The assessment of the environmental noise threats includes creation of the noise maps using either ofline or online data, acquired through a grid of the monitoring stations. A concept of estimation of the source model parameters based on the measured sound level for the purpose of creating frequently updated noise maps was presented. Connecting the noise mapping grid service with a distributed sensor network enables to automatically update noise maps for a specified time period. Moreover, a unique attribute of the developed software is the estimation of the auditory effects evoked by the exposure to noise. The estimation method uses a modified psychoacoustic model of hearing and is based on the calculated noise level values and on the given exposure period. Potential use scenarios of the grid services for research or educational purpose were introduced. Presentation of the results of predicted hearing threshold shift caused by exposure to excessive noise can raise the public awareness of the noise threats.
Hepatic parasitosis in two wood mice, Apodemus sylvaticus (Rodentia: Muridae), due to Aonchotheca annulosa (Nematoda: Trichuridae), and Eucoleus bacillatus (Nematoda: Trichuridae). Erratic parasitism or post mortem migration?
Authors: Debenedetti Ángela , Sáez-Durán Sandra , Sainz-Elipe Sandra , Galán-Puchades Maria , Fuentes Màrius 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAonchotheca annulosa and Eucoleus bacillatus are two capillariin nematodes parasitizing the intestinal and stomach mucosa, respectively, of various rodent species, and two, among others, component species of the helminth fauna of the wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus. A capillariin each was found in the liver parenchyma of two wood mice in a post-fire regeneration enclave in Serra Calderona Natural Park (Valencian Community, Spain). Due to their location, the preliminary identification of the helminths corresponded to Calodium hepaticum, a hepatic capillariin with rodents as its main host. So far, this species had never been found in Serra Calderona. To verify the preliminary identification, a comparative morphometric study between the specimens from Serra Calderona and a preserved individual of C. hepaticum from another enclave was carried out. Morphometric analysis revealed that the adult helminth as well as the eggs found in the liver of the first mouse belonged to A. annulosa, whereas the second one was identified as a male E. bacillatus. Moreover, the liver from both hosts showed a visible pathology, being the consequence of aberrant migration of the parasites. This is the first evidence that A. annulosa and E. bacillatus may migrate erratically and thus produce ectopic foci in other organs.
A new species of Cacatuocotyle (Monogenea, Dactylogyridae) parasitizing two species of Astyanax (Ostariophysi, Characidae) in southern Brazil
Authors: Gallas Moisés , Calegaro-Marques Cláudia , Amato Suzana 
Published: September 2014

AbstractA new species of Cacatuocotyle is described from the external surface of Astyanax aff. fasciatus and Astyanax jacuhiensis from Lake Guaíba, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It differs from the other three species of the genus, recorded from Mexico and the State of Paraná, Brazil, by possessing an accessory piece with a long proximal portion, a U-shaped bar with irregular posterior margin in its midportion, and a haptor containing two circular thickenings with muscular anterior margins. Only one monogenean species, Urocleidoides astyanacis (= Characithecium costaricensis) was recorded for the host Astyanax aff. fasciatus, whereas none were known for A. jacuhiensis. This paper records a new host (A. jacuhiensis) for monogeneans in southern Brazil and extends southward with the geographical distribution of the genus Cacatuocotyle to the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Two new species of the feather mite family Gabuciniidae (Acariformes: Pterolichoidea) from wrens (Passeriformes: Troglodytidae)
Authors: Mironov Sergey , Literak Ivan , Sychra Oldrich , Capek Miroslav 
Published: September 2014

AbstractTwo new species of the feather mite family Gabucinidae (Acari: Astigmata) are described from birds of the family Troglodytidae (Passeriformes) from Central America: Piciformobia cinnycerthiae sp. nov. from Cinnycerthia unirufa (Lafresnaye) in Ecuador, and P. henicorhinae sp. nov. from Henicorhina leucosticte (Cabanis) in Costa Rica. These are the first records of mites of the genus Piciformobia Gaud et Atyeo, 1975 from passerine hosts. A renewed diagnosis of the genus Piciformobia and key to all known species are provided.
The first report of Angiostrongylus vasorum (Nematoda; Metastrongyloidea) in Poland, in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)
Authors: Demiaszkiewicz Aleksander , Pyziel Anna , Kuligowska Izabela , Lachowicz Jacek 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAngiostrongylus vasorum belongs to the superfamily of Metastrongyloidea. This nematode occurs in foxes, dogs and other predators. The Nematode A. vasorum place themselves in the pulmonary artery and its branches, and in the right ventricle and atrium of the heart. Numerous species of land snails are the intermediate hosts of the parasite. In 2013, lungs and hearts of 76 foxes shot in the Forest District Głęboki Bród in Augustowska Primeval Forest were parasitologically necropsied. Four of the examined foxes were infected with the nematode A. vasorum, a prevalence of 5.2%. In one fox pericardium there were 6 male and 6 female nematodes. In the remaining three foxes nematodes were localized in the pulmonary artery. In two foxes 2 specimens of nematodes were detected (male and female, and two females) while 1 female was detected in the other fox. This is the first report of the presence of the nematode A. vasorum in fox in Poland.
Recovery of Anisakid larvae by means of chloro-peptic digestion and proposal of the method for the official control
Authors: Fraulo Pasquale , Morena Carmelo , Costa Antonella 
Published: September 2014

AbstractAnisakidae larvae belonging to the genera Anisakis and Pseudoterranova, are the most responsible for zoonosis transmitted by fish products (anisakidosis). Acquired by the consumption of raw or undercooked marine fish or squid, the anisakid larvae may cause pathogenic diseases like gastric or intestinal anisakiasis and gastro-allergic disorders. In accordance with current EU legislation, the fresh fish products must be inspected visually in order to detect the possible presence of visible parasites. It is recognized that the visual method is not accurate enough to detect the larvae of parasites in food preparations containing raw or practically raw seafood and it clearly emerges that the official system of control needs to be able to utilise an most efficient analytical technique. In this work, the authors have drawn up and validated an analytical method, which involves artificial digestion and the use of a heated magnetic stirrer, based on the EU Regulation n. 2075/2005. The larvae isolated are then subjected to morphological identification at genus level by using optical microscope. The method, proved to be suitable for the detection of live and dead larvae of anisakidae in ready-to-eat foodstuffs containing raw fish or cephalopods and it is fast and accurate. The method showed high levels of sensitivity and specificity, and the suitability of its use in official food control was confirmed. Its use should be incorporated systematically into specific monitoring programs for the control of foodstuffs containing raw fish products.
On a new species of Aplectana (Nematoda, Cosmocercidae) from Kulti, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
Authors: Sou Sujan , Sow Kanchan , Nandi Anadi 
Published: September 2014

AbstractDuring routine survey for amphibian nematodes from coalfield areas of West Bengal, India 7 male and 12 female nematodes were recovered from the rectum of one out of three Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1899) examined for helminth infection from Kulti, Burdwan. On examination the recovered nematodes were found to belong to a new species of the genus Aplectana (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae) and the name Aplectana duttaphryni sp. nov. is proposed for them. This species is most similar to those species which possess gubernaculum but differs from all by distribution pattern of caudal papillae. Aplectana duttaphryni sp. nov. represents 49th species assigned to the genus, but only the 4th species reported from Oriental realm and second from India.
History of echinostomes (Trematoda)
Authors: Toledo Rafael , Radev Valentin , Kanev Ivan , Gardner Scott , Fried Bernard 
Published: September 2014

AbstractEchinostomatidae (Trematoda) is the largest family within the class Trematoda. Members of this family have been studied for many years in relation to their utility as basic research models in biodiversity and systematics and also as experimental models in parasitology since they offer many advantages. Echinostomes have contributed significantly to numerous developments in many areas studied by parasitologists and experimental biologists. In this review, we examine the history of the echinostomebased studies from the beginnings to the present. For this purpose, we have divided the history of echinostomes into four periods (i.e. 18th and 19th centuries, first half of the 20th century, second half of the 20th century and the late 20th and 21th century) according to the types of studies performed in each of them. Moreover, we also briefly review the history of echinostome infections in humans.
A new species of coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Cordillera striped shrew-rat, Chrotomys whiteheadi (Rodentia: Muridae), from the Philippines
Authors: McAllister Chris , Seville R. , Duszynski Donald , Bush Sarah 
Published: September 2014

AbstractDuring July 2011, a single Cordillera striped shrew-rat (Chrotomys whiteheadi) was collected from the Philippines and its faeces examined for coccidian parasites. It harboured an eimerian that we describe here as new. Oocysts of Eimeria macarthuri sp. n. were spheroidal to subspheroidal with a bi-layered wall and measured (length × width, L × W) 18.2 × 17.0 μm, with an L/W ratio of 1.1. A micropyle, oocyst residuum and polar granule were absent. Sporocysts were ovoidal, 9.0 × 6.4 μm, with an L/W ratio of 1.3. A nipple-like Stieda body was present as well as a substieda body. A granular sporocyst residuum was present. To our knowledge, E. macarthuri represents the only coccidian ever described from a rodent of the Philippines.