bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analysis of Hall mobility in as-grown and annealed n- and p-type modulation-doped GaInNAs/GaAs quantum wells
Authors: Sarcan Fahrettin , Donmez Omer , Gunes Mustafa , Erol Ayse , Arikan Mehmet Cetin , Puustinen Janne , Guina Mircea 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the effect of annealing and nitrogen amount on electronic transport properties in n- and p-type-doped Ga0.68In0.32N
y
As1 − y
/GaAs quantum well (QW) structures with y = 0%, 0.9%, 1.2%, 1.7%. The samples are thermal annealed at 700°C for 60 and 600 s, and Hall effect measurements have been performed between 10 and 300 K. Drastic decrease is observed in the electron mobility of n-type N-containing samples due to the possible N-induced scattering mechanisms and increasing effect mass of the alloy. The temperature dependence of electron mobility has an almost temperature insensitive characteristic, whereas for p-type samples hole mobility is decreased drastically at T > 120 K. As N concentration is increased, the hole mobility also increased as a reason of decreasing lattice mismatch. Screening effect of N-related alloy scattering over phonon scattering in n-type samples may be the reason of the temperature-insensitive electron mobility. At low temperature regime, hole mobility is higher than electron mobility by a factor of 3 to 4. However, at high temperatures (T > 120 K), the mobility of p-type samples is restricted by the scattering of the optical phonons. Because the valance band discontinuity is smaller compared to the conduction band, thermionic transport of holes from QW to the barrier material, GaAs, also contributes to the mobility at high temperatures that results in a decrease in mobility. The hole mobility results of as-grown samples do not show a systematic behavior, while annealed samples do, depending on N concentration. Thermal annealing does not show a significant improvement of electron mobility.
A concatenation scheme of LDPC codes and source codes for flash memories
Authors: Huang Qin , Pan Song , Zhang Mu , Wang Zulin 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Recently, low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes have been applied in flash memories to correct errors. However, as verified in this article, their performance degrades rapidly as the number of stuck cells increases. Thus, this paper presents a concatenation reliability scheme of LDPC codes and source codes, which aims to improve the performance of LDPC codes for flash memories with stuck cells. In this scheme, the locations of stuck cells is recorded by source codes in the write process such that erasures rather than wrong log-likelihood ratios on these cells are given in the read process. Then, LDPC codes correct these erasures and soft errors caused by cell-to-cell interferences. The analyses of channel capacity and compression rates of source codes with side information show that the memory cost of the proposed scheme is moderately low. Simulation results verify that the proposed scheme outperforms the traditional scheme with only LDPC codes.
Interprosthetic humeral fracture revision using a tibial allograft total elbow prosthetic composite in a patient with hemophilia A : a case report
Authors: LeBlanc Justin , Puloski Shannon , Hildebrand Kevin 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Introduction
Interprosthetic fractures of the humerus are rare. Revisions of total elbow arthroplasty components in these cases are difficult. We report the first case of a patient with hemophilia who underwent a revision with a tibial allograft prosthetic composite without the need for hardware augmentation.

Case presentation
A 43-year-old Caucasian man with a history of hemophilia and transfusion-related human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B and C presented with an interprosthetic fracture of his humerus after months of pain between his total elbow and total shoulder arthroplasties. Because of the poor remaining bone stock available in his distal humerus, a revision using a barrel-staved tibial allograft prosthetic composite was performed. Our patients’ factor VIII level was optimized before the operation and he suffered no major long-term complications at 28 months. His only complication was an incomplete radial nerve palsy that ultimately recovered and left him with some numbness on the dorsum of his hand.

Conclusion
Careful use of an allograft prosthetic composite is a very reasonable option when a patient experiences an interprosthetic fracture. We have successfully performed revision total elbow arthroplasty for a patient with hemophilia with an interprosthetic fracture using a tibial allograft and no additional fixation, which resulted in his return to full activities of daily living, minimal pain and full incorporation of the allograft to host bone.
Reduced numbers of dendritic cells with a tolerogenic phenotype in the prediabetic pancreas of NOD mice
Authors: Welzen-Coppens Jojanneke M C , van Helden-Meeuwsen Cornelia G , Leenen Pieter J M , Drexhage Hemmo A , Versnel Marjan A 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Local abnormalities in CD8κ+ DCs in the pre-diabetic NOD pancreas suggest that these DCs contribute to loss of tolerance, hallmarking the development of autoimmune diabetes.
The NOD mouse is a widely used animal model of autoimmune diabetes. Prior to the onset of lymphocytic insulitis, DCs accumulate at the islet edges. Our recent work indicated that these DCs may derive from aberrantly proliferating local precursor cells. As CD8α+ DCs play a role in tolerance induction in steady-state conditions, we hypothesized that the autoimmune phenotype might associate with deficiencies in CD8α+ DCs in the prediabetic NOD mouse pancreas. We studied CD8α+ DCs in the pancreas and pLNs of NOD and control mice, focusing on molecules associated with tolerance induction (CD103, Langerin, CLEC9A, CCR5). mRNA expression levels of tolerance-modulating cytokines were studied in pancreatic CD8α+ DCs of NOD and control mice. In the NOD pancreas, the frequency of CD8α+CD103+Langerin+ cells was reduced significantly compared with control mice. NOD pancreatic CD8α+CD103+Langerin+ DCs expressed reduced levels of CCR5, CLEC9A, and IL-10 as compared with control DCs. These alterations in the CD8α+CD103+Langerin+ DC population were not present in pLNs. We demonstrate local abnormalities in the CD8α+ DC population in the prediabetic NOD pancreas. These data suggest that abnormal differentiation of pancreatic DCs contributes to loss of tolerance, hallmarking the development of autoimmune diabetes.
Induction of IGFBP-1 Expression by cAMP Is Associated with Histone Acetylation Status of the Promoter Region in Human Endometrial Stromal Cells
Authors: Tamura Isao , Asada Hiromi , Maekawa Ryo , Tanabe Manabu , Lee Lifa , Taketani Toshiaki , Yamagata Yoshiaki , Tamura Hiroshi , Sugino Norihiro 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Many genes are up- or down-regulated in human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) undergoing decidualization. IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and prolactin (PRL) are preferentially expressed during decidualization and are recognized as specific markers of decidualization. This study investigated the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of IGFBP-1 and PRL induction by decidualization in ESCs. ESCs isolated from the proliferative phase endometrium were incubated with cAMP to induce decidualization. Human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were used as a nonendometrial control. cAMP induced the expressions of both genes in ESCs but induced the expression of only PRL in HDFs. Histone acetylation levels of the IGFBP-1 promoter region evaluated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were higher in ESCs than in HDFs. The IGFBP-1 promoter regions in the two cell types showed similar levels of DNA hypomethylation. The histone acetylation levels and DNA methylation status of the PRL promoter and enhancer regions were similar in the two cell types. cAMP had no significant effects on the histone acetylation levels and DNA methylation status of the IGFBP-1 promoter and the PRL promoter and enhancer regions in ESCs. Cotreatment of HDF with cAMP and histone deacetylase inhibitors induced IGFBP-1 expression, which was accompanied by an increased histone acetylation level and recruitment of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-β to the promoter region. These results show that, during decidualization in ESCs, high histone acetylation status of the promoter regions of IGFBP-1 and PRL is associated with the induction of the IGFBP-1 and PRL genes by making the promoter regions accessible to transcriptional factors.
Kiss of the Mutant Mouse: How Genetically Altered Mice Advanced Our Understanding of Kisspeptin's Role in Reproductive Physiology
Authors: Dungan Lemko Heather M. , Elias Carol F. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
The kisspeptin system has emerged as one of the most important circuits within the central network governing reproduction. Although kisspeptin physiology has been examined in many species, much of our understanding of this system has come from mice. Recently, the study of several innovative strains of genetically engineered mouse models has revealed intriguing and unexpected insights into the functions of kisspeptin signaling in the hypothalamus. Here, we review the advancements in our knowledge of the central kisspeptin system through the use of mutant mice.
Transient, Inducible, Placenta-Specific Gene Expression in Mice
Authors: Fan Xiujun , Petitt Matthew , Gamboa Matthew , Huang Mei , Dhal Sabita , Druzin Maurice L. , Wu Joseph C. , Chen-Tsai Yanru , Nayak Nihar R. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractMolecular understanding of placental functions and pregnancy disorders is limited by the absence of methods for placenta-specific gene manipulation. Although persistent placenta-specific gene expression has been achieved by lentivirus-based gene delivery methods, developmentally and physiologically important placental genes have highly stage-specific functions, requiring controllable, transient expression systems for functional analysis. Here, we describe an inducible, placenta-specific gene expression system that enables high-level, transient transgene expression and monitoring of gene expression by live bioluminescence imaging in mouse placenta at different stages of pregnancy. We used the third generation tetracycline-responsive tranactivator protein Tet-On 3G, with 10- to 100-fold increased sensitivity to doxycycline (Dox) compared with previous versions, enabling unusually sensitive on-off control of gene expression in vivo. Transgenic mice expressing Tet-On 3G were created using a new integrase-based, site-specific approach, yielding high-level transgene expression driven by a ubiquitous promoter. Blastocysts from these mice were transduced with the Tet-On 3G-response element promoter-driving firefly luciferase using lentivirus-mediated placenta-specific gene delivery and transferred into wild-type pseudopregnant recipients for placenta-specific, Dox-inducible gene expression. Systemic Dox administration at various time points during pregnancy led to transient, placenta-specific firefly luciferase expression as early as d 5 of pregnancy in a Dox dose-dependent manner. This system enables, for the first time, reliable pregnancy stage-specific induction of gene expression in the placenta and live monitoring of gene expression during pregnancy. It will be widely applicable to studies of both placental development and pregnancy, and the site-specific Tet-On G3 mouse will be valuable for studies in a broad range of tissues.
Desensitization to Inhaled Aztreonam Lysine in an Allergic Patient with Cystic Fibrosis Using a Novel Approach
Authors: Guglani Lokesh , Abdulhamid Ibrahim , Ditouras Joanna , Montejo Jenny 
Published: September 2012

Objective To report the successful desensitization of a highly allergic patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) to inhaled aztreonam lysine using the novel approach of intravenous desensitization followed by full-dose inhaled therapy without any adverse reactions. Case Summary A 19-year-old woman with CF had persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa–positive cultures and a history of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions to multiple medications, including aztreonam and tobramycin (intravenous and inhaled). To start therapy with an inhaled antipseudomonal antibiotic on a chronic basis, she underwent rapid desensitization to intravenous aztreonam followed by initiation of inhaled aztreonam lysine. Following intravenous desensitization with aztreonam, there was no adverse reaction or decline in lung function noted with inhaled aztreonam lysine and the chronic therapy was continued at home, with a modified regimen to maintain desensitization. Discussion Aztreonam lysine has been used for treatment of patients with CF with chronic P. aeruginosa colonization. Previous allergic reaction to intravenous aztreonam is considered a contraindication for use of aztreonam lysine. Our patient had a history of hives and facial swelling following administration of intravenous aztreonam (type I hypersensitivity reaction) as well as hypersensitivity to tobramycin. Rapid desensitization can be done for drugs that mediate a type I hypersensitivity reaction, with mast cells and basophils being the cellular targets. There are a few case reports of desensitization to inhaled antibiotics such as tobramycin and colistin, but desensitization to aztreonam lysine has not previously been reported. Conclusions Desensitization of a patient with CF who is allergic to intravenous aztreonam was successfully accomplished with the novel approach of rapid intravenous desensitization followed by inhaled therapy. As inhaled antibiotics are being increasingly used for patients with CF, this novel strategy can be used for desensitizing allergic patients with CF to ensure that they can continue to receive these medications safely.
Comparison of Targeted Maximum Likelihood and Shrinkage Estimators of Parameters in Gene Networks
Authors: Geeven Geert , van der Laan Mark J. , de Gunst Mathisca C.M. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Gene regulatory networks, in which edges between nodes describe interactions between transcription factors (TFs) and their target genes, model regulatory interactions that determine the cell-type and condition-specific expression of genes. Regression methods can be used to identify TF-target gene interactions from gene expression and DNA sequence data. The response variable, i.e. observed gene expression, is modeled as a function of many predictor variables simultaneously. In practice, it is generally not possible to select a single model that clearly achieves the best fit to the observed experimental data and the selected models typically contain overlapping sets of predictor variables. Moreover, parameters that represent the marginal effect of the individual predictors are not always present. In this paper, we use the statistical framework of estimation of variable importance to define variable importance as a parameter of interest and study two different estimators of this parameter in the context of gene regulatory networks. On yeast data we show that the resulting parameter has a biologically appealing interpretation. We apply the proposed methodology on mammalian gene expression data to gain insight into the temporal activity of TFs that underly gene expression changes in F11 cells in response to Forskolin stimulation.
Anti-hyperlipidemic Activity of Cucumis Melo Fruit Peel Extracts in High Cholesterol Diet Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats
Authors: Bidkar Jayant S. , Ghanwat Dhanaji Dadaso , Bhujbal Madhuri D. , Dama Ganesh Y. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Cucumis melo Linn. (Cucurbitaceae) fruits have been used, traditionally in Indian traditional system of medicine, for the treatment of various disorders such as liver tonic, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, antiobesity, etc. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible anti-hyperlipidemic activity of Cucumis melo fruit peel (CMFP) methanolic and aqueous extract in high cholesterol diet induced hyperlipidemia in rats. Treatment with CMFP methanolic and aqueous extract showed significant (P<0.01) reduction in gain in body weight, serum lipid profile like total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, atherogenic index and increased the serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in 28 days treatment when compared to the hyperlipidemic control group. The fecal excretion of bile acids and sterols was further increased upon treatment with CMFP methanolic and aqueous extract and standard drug. Administration of methanolic extract of CMFP at a dose of 500 mg/kg showed higher antihyperlipidemic activity as compared to other extract treated groups. The results concluded that CMFP methanolic extract (500 mg/kg) have potent antihyperlipidemic activity in high cholesterol diet induced hyperlipidemia model and which is equipotent activity when compared with atorvastatin treated group.
Comparison of effectiveness in antitumor activity between flavonoids and polyphenols of the methanolic extract of roots of Potentilla fulgens in breast cancer cells
Authors: Radhika Manukonda , Ghoshal Nitin , Chatterjee Anupam 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Potentilla fulgens has been used for a long time as folk remedy for a variety of ailments without having information on its pharmacological action. The study was intended to determine the effectiveness in antitumor activity among kaempferol (KMP) as flavonoids, ellagic acid (ELA) as polyphenols and methanolic extract of the root of P. fulgens (PRE) in Ehrlich ascites tumour (EA) and MCF-7 cancer cells. The total phenolic and flavonoid content were found to be 138.8 ± 1.6 mg gallic acid and 401.6 ± 4.6 mg quercetin per 1 gm of the extract, respectively. The extract resulted in increasing in vivo survivality of mice bearing EA cells and loss of cell viability in a dose-dependent manner in MCF-7 cells. This effect may be attributed to apoptotic cell death as confirmed by flow cytometric analysis and PARP1 proteolysis. Such induction of apoptosis was achieved by suppression of inhibitor of the apoptosis protein survivin. It was observed that endogenous level of glutathione was depleted significantly in MCF-7 cells after the treatment with PRE only but not with KMP or ELA. This induction of apoptotic cell death and lowering the level of glutathione are highly desirable mode for an anticancer agent.
Local concentration of systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole in healthy and inflamed gingiva: a comparative in vivo study
Authors: Amid Reza , Tabeie Mohammad Bagher , Kadkhodazadeh Mahdi , Mehdizadeh Amir Reza , Youssefi Navid 
Published: September 2012

Abstract

Background: One of the most recommended methods of systemic antibiotic administration in periodontics is the combination of amoxicillin and metronidazole, which has great inhibitory effect on periodontal pathogens. The aim of this study is to determine the local concentrations of these drugs in gingiva and compare its distribution in healthy and inflamed tissues.

Methods: The study population was selected from patients referred to our department. Fifteen subjects were referred for crown lengthening, and another 15 subjects required flap surgery because of severe periodontitis. All 30 patients received three doses of amoxicillin 500 mg plus metronidazole 250 mg before surgery. Tissue samples were gathered during surgery, and chemotherapy was continued for 7 days with 8-h intervals. After 7 days, during the second appointment, the next samples were collected. Samples were sent to the laboratory to determine the drug concentration with the use of high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results: Amoxicillin concentration in healthy gingival tissue was not detectable. The concentrations after 24 h and 7 days of administration were 25.9±4.1 and 124.8±18 μg/mL, respectively. The values for metronidazole were 28.86±1.7, 1.70±0.3, and 36.0±1.5 μg/mL.

Conclusions: The combination of systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole for 7 days has sufficient gingival connective tissue concentration much more than the minimum inhibitory concentration in healthy and inflamed tissue.
Estimating Environmental Liability: Quantifying the Unknown
Authors: Schoemaker Paul J. H. , Schoemaker Joyce A. 
Published: September 2012

In 1990, a Missouri jury awarded $16.2 million in damages to a family that sued Georgia-Pacific and Temple Industries for health effects suffered from particleboard in their home. In 1992, Boeing agreed to pay more than $500,000 to settle a suit filed by a former employee who claimed that his leukemia was caused by exposure to electromagnetic radiation. There are now about 500.000 known hazardous waste sites in the United States. which will cost at least $1.7 trillion to remediate (according to the EPA). In September 1994, an Alaskan jury imposed the largest punitive five in history on Exxon—$5 billion in damages to be shared by over 34,000 Alaskans—for its 1989 tanker spill of 11 million gallons of crude oil off the coast of Alaska. This extraordinary sum is on top of the more than $3.5 billion in fines, damages, and cleanup costs already paid by Exxon.
Use of propofol for induction of anesthesia in dogs undergoing definitive radiation therapy: 31 cases (2006–2009)
Authors: Erfourth Todd M. , McNiel Elizabeth A. , Scott Michael A. , Wilson Deborah V. 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate changes in serial hemograms and serum biochemical profiles in tumor-bearing dogs undergoing daily anesthesia with propofol as an induction agent for radiation therapy.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—31 dogs with cutaneous or subcutaneous malignancies over the trunk or limbs.
Procedures—Radiation therapy consisted of 18 daily treatments administered Monday through Friday over a period of 24 days. Propofol was administered IV to effect for induction of anesthesia. Complete blood count and serum biochemical data were generated at the beginning, middle, and end of radiation therapy and compared to identify changes over time via either a repeated-measures ANOVA or Friedman test.
Results—Leukocyte and platelet parameters did not differ significantly over time. Calculated Hct, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration decreased overtime, whereas mean corpuscular volume increased overtime.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Dogs receiving propofol for induction of anesthesia and radiation therapy had a decrease in RBC count, although these changes were not determined to be of clinical importance in this patient population. The cause of these alterations was not immediately apparent. Propofol appeared to be a safe choice for induction of anesthesia in dogs during daily radiation therapy.