bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved dosimetry for targeted radionuclide therapy using nonrigid registration on sequential SPECT images
Authors: Ao Edwin C. I. , Wu Nien‐Yun , Wang Shyh‐Jen , Song Na , Mok Greta S. P. 
Published: January 2015

Purpose:Voxel‐level and patient‐specific 3D dosimetry for targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) typically involves serial nuclear medicine scans. Misalignment of the images can result in reduced dosimetric accuracy. Since the scans are typically performed over a period of several days, there will be patient movement between scans and possible nonrigid organ deformation. This work aims to implement and evaluate the use of nonrigid image registration on a series of quantitative SPECT (QSPECT) images for TRT dosimetry.Methods:A population of 4D extended cardiac torso phantoms, comprised of three In‐111 Zevalin biokinetics models and three anatomical variations, was generated based on the patient data. The authors simulated QSPECT acquisitions at five time points. At each time point, individual organ and whole‐body deformation between scans were modeled by translating/rotating organs and the body up to 5°/voxels, keeping ≤5% difference in organ volume. An analytical projector was used to generate realistic noisy projections for a medium energy general purpose collimator. Projections were reconstructed using OS‐EM algorithm with geometric collimator detector response, attenuation, and scatter corrections. The QSPECT images were registered using organ‐based nonrigid image registration method. The cumulative activity in each voxel was obtained by integrating the activity over time. Dose distribution images were obtained by convolving the cumulative activity images with a Y‐90 dose kernel. Dose volume histograms (DVHs) for organs‐of‐interest were analyzed.Results:After nonrigid registration, the mean differences in organ doses compared to the case without misalignment were improved from (−15.50 ± 5.59)% to (−2.12 ± 1.05)% and (−7.28 ± 2.30)% to (−0.23 ± 0.71)% for the spleen and liver, respectively. For all organs, the cumulative DVHs showed improvement after nonrigid registration and the normalized absolute error of differential DVHs ranged from 6.79% to 22.70% for liver and 26.00% to 39.70% for spleen with different segmentation methods.Conclusions:These results demonstrated that nonrigid registration of sequential QSPECT images is feasible for TRT and improves the accuracy of 3D dosimetry.
Characterization of cardiac quiescence from retrospective cardiac computed tomography using a correlation‐based phase‐to‐phase deviation measure
Authors: Wick Carson A. , McClellan James H. , Arepalli Chesnal D. , Auffermann William F. , Henry Travis S. , Khosa Faisal , Coy Adam M. , Tridandapani Srini 
Published: January 2015

Purpose:Accurate knowledge of cardiac quiescence is crucial to the performance of many cardiac imaging modalities, including computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA). To accurately quantify quiescence, a method for detecting the quiescent periods of the heart from retrospective cardiac computed tomography (CT) using a correlation‐based, phase‐to‐phase deviation measure was developed.Methods:Retrospective cardiac CT data were obtained from 20 patients (11 male, 9 female, 33–74 yr) and the left main, left anterior descending, left circumflex, right coronary artery (RCA), and interventricular septum (IVS) were segmented for each phase using a semiautomated technique. Cardiac motion of individual coronary vessels as well as the IVS was calculated using phase‐to‐phase deviation. As an easily identifiable feature, the IVS was analyzed to assess how well it predicts vessel quiescence. Finally, the diagnostic quality of the reconstructed volumes from the quiescent phases determined using the deviation measure from the vessels in aggregate and the IVS was compared to that from quiescent phases calculated by the CT scanner. Three board‐certified radiologists, fellowship‐trained in cardiothoracic imaging, graded the diagnostic quality of the reconstructions using a Likert response format: 1 = excellent, 2 = good, 3 = adequate, 4 = nondiagnostic.Results:Systolic and diastolic quiescent periods were identified for each subject from the vessel motion calculated using the phase‐to‐phase deviation measure. The motion of the IVS was found to be similar to the aggregate vessel (AGG) motion. The diagnostic quality of the coronary vessels for the quiescent phases calculated from the aggregate vessel (PAGG) and IVS (PIV S) deviation signal using the proposed methods was comparable to the quiescent phases calculated by the CT scanner (PCT). The one exception was the RCA, which improved for PAGG for 18 of the 20 subjects when compared to PCT (PCT = 2.48; PAGG = 2.07, p = 0.001).Conclusions:A method for quantifying the motion of specific coronary vessels using a correlation‐based, phase‐to‐phase deviation measure was developed and tested on 20 patients receiving cardiac CT exams. The IVS was found to be a suitable predictor of vessel quiescence. The diagnostic quality of the quiescent phases detected by the proposed methods was comparable to those calculated by the CT scanner. The ability to quantify coronary vessel quiescence from the motion of the IVS can be used to develop new CTCA gating techniques and quantify the resulting potential improvement in CTCA image quality.
Accelerated acquisition of tagged MRI for cardiac motion correction in simultaneous PET‐MR: Phantom and patient studies
Authors: Huang Chuan , Petibon Yoann , Ouyang Jinsong , Reese Timothy G. , Ahlman Mark A. , Bluemke David A. , El Fakhri Georges 
Published: January 2015

Purpose:Degradation of image quality caused by cardiac and respiratory motions hampers the diagnostic quality of cardiac PET. It has been shown that improved diagnostic accuracy of myocardial defect can be achieved by tagged MR (tMR) based PET motion correction using simultaneous PET‐MR. However, one major hurdle for the adoption of tMR‐based PET motion correction in the PET‐MR routine is the long acquisition time needed for the collection of fully sampled tMR data. In this work, the authors propose an accelerated tMR acquisition strategy using parallel imaging and/or compressed sensing and assess the impact on the tMR‐based motion corrected PET using phantom and patient data.Methods:Fully sampled tMR data were acquired simultaneously with PET list‐mode data on two simultaneous PET‐MR scanners for a cardiac phantom and a patient. Parallel imaging and compressed sensing were retrospectively performed by GRAPPA and kt‐FOCUSS algorithms with various acceleration factors. Motion fields were estimated using nonrigid B‐spline image registration from both the accelerated and fully sampled tMR images. The motion fields were incorporated into a motion corrected ordered subset expectation maximization reconstruction algorithm with motion‐dependent attenuation correction.Results:Although tMR acceleration introduced image artifacts into the tMR images for both phantom and patient data, motion corrected PET images yielded similar image quality as those obtained using the fully sampled tMR images for low to moderate acceleration factors (<4). Quantitative analysis of myocardial defect contrast over ten independent noise realizations showed similar results. It was further observed that although the image quality of the motion corrected PET images deteriorates for high acceleration factors, the images were still superior to the images reconstructed without motion correction.Conclusions:Accelerated tMR images obtained with more than 4 times acceleration can still provide relatively accurate motion fields and yield tMR‐based motion corrected PET images with similar image quality as those reconstructed using fully sampled tMR data. The reduction of tMR acquisition time makes it more compatible with routine clinical cardiac PET‐MR studies.
Camera selection for real‐time in vivo radiation treatment verification systems using Cherenkov imaging
Authors: Andreozzi Jacqueline M. , Zhang Rongxiao , Glaser Adam K. , Jarvis Lesley A. , Pogue Brian W. , Gladstone David J. 
Published: January 2015

Purpose:To identify achievable camera performance and hardware needs in a clinical Cherenkov imaging system for real‐time, in vivo monitoring of the surface beam profile on patients, as novel visual information, documentation, and possible treatment verification for clinicians.Methods:Complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS), charge‐coupled device (CCD), intensified charge‐coupled device (ICCD), and electron multiplying‐intensified charge coupled device (EM‐ICCD) cameras were investigated to determine Cherenkov imaging performance in a clinical radiotherapy setting, with one emphasis on the maximum supportable frame rate. Where possible, the image intensifier was synchronized using a pulse signal from the Linac in order to image with room lighting conditions comparable to patient treatment scenarios. A solid water phantom irradiated with a 6 MV photon beam was imaged by the cameras to evaluate the maximum frame rate for adequate Cherenkov detection. Adequate detection was defined as an average electron count in the background‐subtracted Cherenkov image region of interest in excess of 0.5% (327 counts) of the 16‐bit maximum electron count value. Additionally, an ICCD and an EM‐ICCD were each used clinically to image two patients undergoing whole‐breast radiotherapy to compare clinical advantages and limitations of each system.Results:Intensifier‐coupled cameras were required for imaging Cherenkov emission on the phantom surface with ambient room lighting; standalone CMOS and CCD cameras were not viable. The EM‐ICCD was able to collect images from a single Linac pulse delivering less than 0.05 cGy of dose at 30 frames/s (fps) and pixel resolution of 512 × 512, compared to an ICCD which was limited to 4.7 fps at 1024 × 1024 resolution. An intensifier with higher quantum efficiency at the entrance photocathode in the red wavelengths [30% quantum efficiency (QE) vs previous 19%] promises at least 8.6 fps at a resolution of 1024 × 1024 and lower monetary cost than the EM‐ICCD.Conclusions:The ICCD with an intensifier better optimized for red wavelengths was found to provide the best potential for real‐time display (at least 8.6 fps) of radiation dose on the skin during treatment at a resolution of 1024 × 1024.
Patient feature based dosimetric Pareto front prediction in esophageal cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Wang Jiazhou , Jin Xiance , Zhao Kuaike , Peng Jiayuan , Xie Jiang , Chen Junchao , Zhang Zhen , Studenski Matthew , Hu Weigang 
Published: January 2015

Purpose:To investigate the feasibility of the dosimetric Pareto front (PF) prediction based on patient's anatomic and dosimetric parameters for esophageal cancer patients.Methods:Eighty esophagus patients in the authors’ institution were enrolled in this study. A total of 2928 intensity‐modulated radiotherapy plans were obtained and used to generate PF for each patient. On average, each patient had 36.6 plans. The anatomic and dosimetric features were extracted from these plans. The mean lung dose (MLD), mean heart dose (MHD), spinal cord max dose, and PTV homogeneity index were recorded for each plan. Principal component analysis was used to extract overlap volume histogram (OVH) features between PTV and other organs at risk. The full dataset was separated into two parts; a training dataset and a validation dataset. The prediction outcomes were the MHD and MLD. The spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between the anatomical features and dosimetric features. The stepwise multiple regression method was used to fit the PF. The cross validation method was used to evaluate the model.Results:With 1000 repetitions, the mean prediction error of the MHD was 469 cGy. The most correlated factor was the first principal components of the OVH between heart and PTV and the overlap between heart and PTV in Z‐axis. The mean prediction error of the MLD was 284 cGy. The most correlated factors were the first principal components of the OVH between heart and PTV and the overlap between lung and PTV in Z‐axis.Conclusions:It is feasible to use patients’ anatomic and dosimetric features to generate a predicted Pareto front. Additional samples and further studies are required improve the prediction model.
Validity of Physical Activity Monitors for Estimating Energy Expenditure During Wheelchair Propulsion
Authors: Conger Scott A. , Scott Stacy N. , Fitzhugh Eugene C. , Thompson Dixie L. , Bassett David R. 
Published: January 2015

Background:It is unknown if activity monitors can detect the increased energy expenditure (EE) of wheelchair propulsion at different speeds or on different surfaces.Methods:Individuals who used manual wheelchairs (n = 14) performed 5 wheeling activities: on a level surface at 3 speeds, on a rubberized track at 1 fixed speed and on a sidewalk course at a self-selected speed. EE was measured using a portable indirect calorimetry system and estimated by an Actical (AC) worn on the wrist and a SenseWear (SW) activity monitor worn on the upper arm. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare measured EE to the estimates from the standard AC prediction equation and SW using 2 different equations.Results:Repeated-measures ANOVA demonstrated a significant main effect between measured EE and estimated EE. There were no differences between the criterion method and the AC across the 5 activities. The SW overestimated EE when wheeling at 3 speeds on a level surface, and during sidewalk wheeling. The wheelchair-specific SW equation improved the EE prediction during low intensity activities, but error progressively increased during higher intensity activities.Conclusions:During manual wheelchair propulsion, the wrist-mounted AC provided valid estimates of EE, whereas the SW tended to overestimate EE.
Complete Genome Sequences of Two Isolates of Human Parvovirus 4 from Patients with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome
Authors: Prakash Shantanu , Jain Amita , Seth Akanksha , Singh Arvind K. , Jain Bhawana 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
Human parvovirus 4 (Parv4) is a relatively new virus. Association of this virus with any human disease is yet to be established. We detected human parvovirus 4 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of two patients presenting with acute encephalitis syndrome in northern India. This is the first report of the Parv4 genome sequence from northern India.
Complete Genome Sequence of “Candidatus Sulcia muelleri” ML, an Obligate Nutritional Symbiont of Maize Leafhopper (
Dalbulus maidis
)
Authors: Chang Hsing-Hua , Cho Shu-Ting , Canale Maria C. , Mugford Sam T. , Lopes João R. S. , Hogenhout Saskia A. , Kuo Chih-Horng 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT

“Candidatus Sulcia muelleri” is a symbiont of sap-feeding insects in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha. The strain “
Ca
. Sulcia muelleri” ML is associated with the maize leafhopper (
Dalbulus maidis
), collected in Brazil, which is a disease vector that affects corn production. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of this bacterium.
Draft Genome Sequence of Paenibacillus Strain P1XP2, a Polysaccharide-Degrading, Thermophilic, Facultative Anaerobic Bacterium Isolated from a Commercial Bioreactor Degrading Food Waste
Authors: Adelskov Joseph , Patel Bharat K. C. 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT
The analysis of the ~5.8-Mb draft genome sequence of a moderately thermophilic, heterotrophic, facultative anaerobic bacterium, Paenibacillus strain P1XP2, identified genes for enzymes with the potential for degrading complex food wastes, a property consistent with the ecological habitat of the isolate.
Draft Genome Sequences of the Three Pectobacterium-Antagonistic Bacteria Pseudomonas brassicacearum PP1-210F and PA1G7 and Bacillus simplex BA2H3
Authors: Khayi Slimane , Raoul des Essarts Yannick , Mondy Samuel , Moumni Mohieddine , Hélias Valérie , Beury-Cirou Amélie , Faure Denis 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT

Pectobacterium spp. are bacterial pathogens causing soft rot diseases on a wide range of plants and crops. We present in this paper the draft genome sequences of three bacterial strains,
Pseudomonas brassicacearum
PP1-210F and PA1G7 and
Bacillus simplex
BA2H3, which exhibit antagonistic activities against the Pectobacterium plant pathogens.
Draft Whole-Genome Sequence of Bacillus altitudinis Strain B-388, a Producer of Extracellular RNase
Authors: Shah Mahmud Raihan , Ulyanova Vera , Malanin Sergey , Dudkina Elena , Vershinina Valentina , Ilinskaya Olga 
Published: January 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we present a draft genome sequence of
Bacillus altitudinis
strain B-388, including a putative plasmid. The strain was isolated from the intestine of Indian meal moth, a common pest of stored grains, and it is characterized by the production of extracellular RNase, similar to binase, which is of interest for comparative studies and biotechnology.
Choice of plastic or metal stent for patients with jaundice with pancreaticobiliary malignancy using simple clinical tools: a prospective evaluation
Authors: Wilcox C Mel , Kim Hwasoon , Seay Toni , Varadarajulu Shyam 
Published: February 2015

Background and aimAlthough plastic stents have been recommended for patients with pancreaticobiliary malignancy and an expected survival of less than 6 months, no study has developed criteria to assess survival which could then determine the choice of stent for biliary decompression. The aim of the study was to determine the utility of simple clinical tools in deciding whether to place a plastic or metal stent in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice.MethodsAt presentation for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for suspected malignant distal bile duct obstruction, prospectively patients with Karnofsky score of <80 and/or metastatic disease to the liver underwent placement of 10-French plastic stents while patients with a Karnofsky score of ≥80 underwent placement of self-expandable metal stents (SEMS). Long-term stent patency and mortality was determined.Results98 patients (mean age 66.5 years; 62.2% male) were enrolled with 67 (68.4%) receiving plastic stents and 31 (31.6%) uncovered SEMS. Overall, patients receiving plastic stents had a median survival of 2.8 months compared with 11.6 months for metallic stents (p<0.0001). Patients with a Karnofsky score <80 or liver metastases had very poor survival of 3.1 and 1.8 months, respectively. The overall reintervention rate was 42% for those receiving plastic stents and 19% for metallic stents.ConclusionsThe decision whether to place a plastic stent or SEMS for patients with distal malignant obstructive jaundice may be based on simple clinical tools resulting in low rates of reintervention.
Naming babies "Baby-of" at birth: A project to encourage earlier naming of infants in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Santos Rodney Jay , Palacios Luena , Amuan Rommel 
Published: January 2015

AbstractIn 2013, Sweihan Healthcare Center, one of several government clinics in Abu Dhabi, catered to 19,349 patients or an average of 52 patients in a day. During the weekdays, close to 80 patients are seen per day, a relatively huge number for a small town clinic. In 2011, the clinic only saw 16,816 patients, which amounts to a 15% increase in two years.Circumstances called for a search for gaps in the system in order to ease the workflow of a steadily increasing patient influx. The focus was mainly on patient identification due to a considerable number of patients having the same name. Data extraction was simplified by the advent of electronic medical records and, as the names of the patients were filtered, one name stood out: "Baby of".The goal of this project was to track the patients using the name "Baby of", and change their names in their respective medical records and thus be able to comply with the International Patient Safety Goals (IPSG) of both Joint Commission International [1] and the Health Authority of Abu Dhabi [2].
A Unique Subset of Epithelial Ovarian Cancers with Platinum Sensitivity and PARP Inhibitor Resistance
Authors: Ceccaldi Raphael , O'Connor Kevin W. , Mouw Kent W. , Li Adam Y. , Matulonis Ursula A. , D'Andrea Alan D. , Konstantinopoulos Panagiotis A. 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Platinum and PARP inhibitor (PARPi) sensitivity commonly coexist in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) due to the high prevalence of alterations in the homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair pathway that confer sensitivity to both drugs. In this report, we describe a unique subset of EOC with alterations in another DNA repair pathway, the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, which may exhibit a discordance in sensitivities to these drugs. Specifically, 8% of high-grade serous EOC from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset exhibited NER alterations, including nonsynonymous or splice site mutations and homozygous deletions of NER genes. Tumors with NER alterations were associated with improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), compared with patients without NER alterations or BRCA1/2 mutations. Furthermore, patients with tumors with NER alterations had similar OS and PFS as BRCA1/2-mutated patients, suggesting that NER pathway inactivation in EOC conferred enhanced platinum sensitivity, similar to BRCA1/2-mutated tumors. Moreover, two NER mutations (ERCC6-Q524* and ERCC4-A583T), identified in the two most platinum-sensitive tumors, were functionally associated with platinum sensitivity in vitro. Importantly, neither NER alteration affected HR or conferred sensitivity to PARPi or other double-strand break–inducing agents. Overall, our findings reveal a new mechanism of platinum sensitivity in EOC that, unlike defective HR, may lead to a discordance in sensitivity to platinum and PARPi, with potential implications for previously reported and ongoing PARPi trials in this disease. Cancer Res; 75(4); 628–34. ©2015 AACR.
Generation 2.5 Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting the Androgen Receptor and Its Splice Variants Suppress Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cell Growth
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshiaki , Loriot Yohann , Beraldi Eliana , Zhang Fan , Wyatt Alexander W. , Nakouzi Nader Al , Mo Fan , Zhou Tianyuan , Kim Youngsoo , Monia Brett P. , MacLeod A. Robert , Fazli Ladan , Wang Yuzhuo , Collins Colin C. , Zoubeidi Amina , Gleave Martin 
Published: January 2015

Abstract
Purpose: Enzalutamide (ENZ) is a potent androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with activity in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC); however, progression to ENZ-resistant (ENZ-R) CRPC frequently occurs with rising serum PSA levels, implicating AR full-length (ARFL) or variants (AR-Vs) in disease progression.
Experimental Design: To define functional roles of ARFL and AR-Vs in ENZ-R CRPC, we designed 3 antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) targeting exon-1, intron-1, and exon-8 in AR pre-mRNA to knockdown ARFL alone or with AR-Vs, and examined their effects in three CRPC cell lines and patient-derived xenografts.
Results: ENZ-R-LNCaP cells express high levels of both ARFL and AR-V7 compared with CRPC-LNCaP; in particular, ARFL levels were approximately 12-fold higher than AR-V7. Both ARFL and AR-V7 are highly expressed in the nuclear fractions of ENZ-R-LNCaP cells even in the absence of exogenous androgens. In ENZ-R-LNCaP cells, knockdown of ARFL alone, or ARFL plus AR-Vs, similarly induced apoptosis, suppressed cell growth and AR-regulated gene expression, and delayed tumor growth in vivo. In 22Rv1 cells that are inherently ENZ-resistant, knockdown of both ARFL and AR-Vs more potently suppressed cell growth, AR transcriptional activity, and AR-regulated gene expression than knockdown of ARFL alone. Exon-1 AR-ASO also inhibited tumor growth of LTL-313BR patient-derived CRPC xenografts.
Conclusions: These data identify the AR as an important driver of ENZ resistance, and while the contributions of ARFL and AR-Vs can vary across cell systems, ARFL is the key driver in the ENZ-R LNCaP model. AR targeting strategies against both ARFL and AR-Vs is a rational approach for AR-dependent CRPC. Clin Cancer Res; 21(7); 1675–87. ©2015 AACR.