bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulatory Levels of C-Reactive Protein Do Not Predict Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Abdul-Amir Makki Al-Hindy Hayder , Obaid Samer Raheem , Obais Ali Mohammed , Al-Mumin Amir 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
One of the most severe and common childhood infections is community-acquired pneumonia (CAPn). Precise evaluation of the disease severity is crucial for decision-making. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a hepatic “acute-phase inflammatory reactant.” Research on adults with CAPn has exposed that these biomarkers are linked with disease severity, however, data on pediatric age are still restricted.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of and predictability of CRP with the severity of CAPn among children.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a multicenter, case–control, and included a total of 190 individuals (80 pneumonia patients and 110 healthy controls), with ages ranging from 1 to 30 months. Blood samples were collected to evaluate the white blood cells (WBCs), and CRP levels and to identify the causative agent of pneumonia. The results were compared between the study groups using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.

Results:
The results revealed that in 37 (46.3%) pneumonia cases, the causative agents were bacterial, whereas in 28 (35%) cases, the causative agents were viral, and in 15 (18.8%) the causative agent was undetermined. Around half of the participants were on artificial feeding, 80 (42.1%), were on pure breastfeeding, and only 13 (6.8%) were on mixed feeding. The total WBCs and the mean CRP plasma levels were significantly (P = 0.001) higher among the pneumonia patients. The study revealed nonsignificant variations in the WBCs, and CRP plasma levels according to sex and type of feeding. The mean levels of CRP were more elevated among patients with bacterial pneumonia. However, according to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, CRP serum levels were not significant enough to predict pneumonia from the control subjects.

Conclusion:
This study concludes that there was an association of CRP with CAPn among pediatric patients, though there was no strong association of CRP with the causative agents. Additional validation of these results in a larger population and prospective cohorts is still desirable.
Open reduction and internal fixation of zygomatic arch fracture by transbuccal instrumentation – A prospective clinical trial
Authors: Babu Vijitha Ravindira , Selvakumar Thulasiraman , Panneerselvam Elavenil , Balasubramanian Sasikala , Menon Radhika , Raja V. B. Krishna Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Background and Purpose:
The zygomatic arch is important to maintain facial projection as well as width. Hence, restitution of its form by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is indicated following its fracture, in certain clinical scenarios. The contemporary surgical approaches are cutaneous with associated complications. This observational clinical trial was designed to evaluate intraoral reduction and transbuccal fixation of zygomatic arch fractures.

Materials and Method:
Six patients requiring ORIF of the zygomatic arch were recruited for the study. The clinical parameters such as pain, swelling, mouth opening, facial nerve function, and scar were assessed in the pre-operative as well as post-operative period. Radiographic assessment of displacement and inter-fragmentary separation were studied on computed tomography (CT) images.

Results:
Mean pre-operative mouth opening was increased from 28.33 ± 6.80 to 36.83 ± 1.94 (P value 0.03). Mean pre-operative swelling was decreased from 34.63 ± 5.41 to 29.71 ± 2.73 (P value 0.02). The pain decreased by day 7 in all the patients (P value 0.01). No facial nerve injury (P value 1) or scar formation (P value 0.002) was encountered in our study. The inter-fragmentary separation as assessed by CT analysis revealed satisfactory outcome.

Conclusion:
Intraoral open reduction and transbuccal fixation is a simple, effective, and less invasive method to address zygomatic arch fractures with no complications.
Agenesis of third molar among the younger population of India born in twenty first century
Authors: Jadhav Ajinath Nanasaheb , Shaikh Safia Shoeb , Shushma G 
Published: July 2024

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of agenesis of third molar among the younger population of India.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a younger population (13–21 years) born in the twenty-first century were included. Individuals who required an orthopantomogram, for any reason, were recruited in the study.

Results:
A total number of 850 orthopantomograms were studied, and 298 (35.05%) individuals showed the agenesis of at least 1 or more third molars. The most common pattern of agenesis was the missing of both maxillary third molars, followed by the agenesis of all third molars. The frequency of agenesis was 18 >28 >48 >38. The study showed a significant predilection in the maxilla as compared to the mandible. There was no statistically significant gender predilection for agenesis of third molar.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of third molar agenesis is increasing rapidly with time, with no significant gender predilection and changing trends of patterns of agenesis.
Radiation effects in head and neck and role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy: An adjunct to management
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Sharma Vikas , Pandey Sandhya , Pal Uma Shankar 
Published: July 2024

Background:
Radiotherapy is considered an essential treatment modality in cancers, especially head and neck cancers. Radiotherapy can be given as a definitive, supportive, or adjuvant therapy for various cancers. Radiation damage is an avoidable complication in many patients, after or during radiotherapy. It may be either dose-related, duration-related, or frequency-related. The effects of radiation damage are mainly caused by ischemic necrosis, and once settled it is difficult to manage due to the low vascularity of the affected area.

Aim:
To find out the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the management of radiation damage in the head and neck region.

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective data of patients attending the HBOT clinic for postradiotherapy changes were recorded in an Excel sheet and analyzed in this study. Statistical analysis was done.

Result:
Our study showed that HBOT is effective in postradiation trismus, xerostomia, discharge, foul smell, discharging sinus, etc., However, it was not found to be significant in the closure of fistula with exposed bone.

Conclusion:
HBOT is an effective adjunct modality for the management of postradiation changes in the head and neck region.
Chemical preconditioning escalates chondrogenic activity in explant cultured human dental pulp stem cell study model for future temporomandibular joint regeneration
Authors: Shetty Lakshmi , Waknis Pushkar P. , Kharat Avinash , Bhonde Ramesh , Londhe Uday , Rudagi B. M. , Kheur Supriya M. , Bhate Kalyani 
Published: July 2024

Context:
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) derived from dental pulp in conducive environment activated by chemicals can enhance chondrogenic cells for future animal model temporomandibular joint model.

Aim:
The study aims at evaluating the chemicals preconditioning (curcumin and rapamycin) efficacy toward chondrogenic proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells.

Settings and Design:
The in vitro study model with 10 premolar teeth extirpated pulp was processed under sterile chemical conditions. The cells viability was checked with calorimetric assay for adipogenic and chondrogenic, osteogenic lineages. The viability of the cells and the concentration of curcumin (CU) and rapamycin (RP) required for cell differentiation toward chondrogenic lineage were assessed.

Material and Methods:
The hDPSC was evaluated after explant long-term cultivation with characterization and chemical conditioning with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as control. MTT assay was used for cytotoxicity evaluation, cell viability, and proliferation. The dose optimization was observed with RP and CU. Chondrogenic proliferation was assessed with standard staining method of 0.1% Safranin O and 0.1% Alcian blue.

Statistical Design:
The flow cytometry analysis revealed good results for CD 90 compared to others. The intergroup analysis was done by ANOVA, and intragroup analysis was done by Post hoc Tukey’s test. The intragroup analysis showed P value < 0.05 for RP in comparison between the various preconditioning agents CU and RP. The dosage of 10 µg/ml RP was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The flow cytometer analysis revealed good results for CD 90 compared to other surface markers. The dosage of 10 µg/ml RP was having good chondrogenic cell proliferation. The intragroup analysis showed P value < 0.05 for RP in comparison between the various preconditioning agents CU and RP. The calorimetric assay (MTT) quantitative analysis of the chondrogenic cells with Safranin O stain the standard deviation (SD = 0.017 for rapamycin), Alcian blue (SD = 0.49 for RP) in comparison to DMSO (control) and CU.

Conclusion:
RP activates mTOR pathway and hence stabilizes the stem cell maintenance of human dental pulp stem cell and the dose quantified can be used for future animal temporomandibular joint animal model.
Does crown-to-implant ratio affect marginal bone loss around a single short implant at the posterior of the mandible?
Authors: Tabrizi Reza , Mehrabi Pegah , Shafiei Shervin , Azimi Amir , Moslemi Hamidreza 
Published: July 2024

Context:
Short implants are acceptable treatment options for atrophic ridges; however, they increase the crown-to-implant (C/I) ratio compared to regular length implants. The study aimed to assess the correlation between the C/I ratio and marginal bone loss (MBL) in single short implants at the posterior of the mandible.

Aims:
The study aimed to assess the correlation between the C/I ratio and MBL in single short implants at the posterior of the mandible.

Settings and Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study assessed short implants with 6 mm lengths at the posterior of the mandible. The long-cone peri-apical digital radiographs were taken immediately after loading and 24 months later. Age, gender, implant diameter, gingival biotype, and implant brands were the study variables, and the C/I ratio was the predictive factor. The mean MBL at 2 years was considered the study outcome.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The Pearson correlation test was applied to assess the correlation between MBL and C/I.

Results:
Seventy implants (36 Straumann and 34 SGS implants) were studied. A significant difference was observed in the mean MBL between the two implant brands (P < 0.001). Besides, a correlation was found between MBL and the C/I ratio (P = 0.002).

Conclusions:
It seems that the C/I ratio is associated with an MBL increase in single short implants at the posterior of the mandible.
Effect of submucosal administration of dexamethasone on postoperative discomfort after third molar surgery
Authors: Sharma Divashree , Tripathi Geeta Mishra , Tiwari Rajnarayan , Mishra Ambrish 
Published: July 2024

Aim:
To compare the impact of submucosal dexamethasone (4 mg) administered after the onset of local anesthesia on postoperative discomfort after third molar surgery and compare the parameters with a control group that did not receive the drug.

Methods:
A total of 60 patients indicated for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars (mesioangular, Class II or III, and position B or C) were randomly divided into two groups of 30 patients each. After the onset of local anesthesia, the first group (Group A) received a submucosal injection of 4 mg dexamethasone adjacent to the surgical site, and the control group (Group B) received no drug. Pain, swelling, and trismus were recorded at follow-up visits on the 1st, 2nd, and 7th postoperative days. Assessment of postoperative discomfort was performed by evaluating responses through a modified postoperative symptom severity scale questionnaire, which was administered to the patients on the 7th postoperative day.

Results:
The difference in subjective pain values and the mean number of analgesics consumed was not significant between the groups. The difference in postoperative swelling was statistically significant on the 1st, 2nd (P < 0.0001), and 7th postoperative days (P = 0.0152). The difference in postoperative trismus was highly significant on 1st and 2nd postoperative days (P < 0.0001). The difference in the mean total quality of life (QOL) score, Eating, Appearance, Daily activity subscale (P < 0.0001), and Social Isolation subscale (P = 0.0002) was statistically significant between both groups.

Conclusion:
It was found that the administration of submucosal dexamethasone resulted in significantly lesser postoperative swelling and trismus and better QOL outcomes.
A case of iatrogenic linear streaky hypopigmentation mimicking vitiligo
Authors: Mendiratta Vibhu , Kumar Meena A , Sinha Himadri 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Intralesional corticosteroid (I/L CS) is a frequently used therapy in dermatology that can seldom cause linear hypopigmentation. Very rarely this linear hypopigmentation may present as multiple streaks. The most widely accepted mechanism for this side effect is the lymphatic spread of CS suspension. Here, we report a case of multiple linear streaky hypopigmentation after I/L CS mimicking vitiligo along with a review of the literature and discuss measures to minimize this iatrogenic side effect. A 32-year-old lady developed the hypopigmented atrophic patch and multiple linear streaks of hypopigmentation over the right leg after receiving I/L CS. She responded dramatically to topical tacrolimus. To prevent this side effect, the lesion may be compressed for a few minutes after I/L CS injection to prevent its venolymphatic spread. This condition requires stoppage of further I/L CS and proper counseling and reassurance to the patient.
Levels, Trends and Determinants of Tobacco Quitting Behaviour in India: Findings from Two Consecutive Nationally Representative Surveys
Authors: Sharma Shailja , Singh Harshvardhan , Bora Jayanta Kumar , Krishnamoorthy Yuvaraj , Jaswal Nidhi , Goel Sonu 
Published: July 2024

abstractIntroduction:Quitting tobacco use is known to decrease mortality by 90% if successfully achieved before middle age. This analysis was conducted to assess the levels, trends and determinants of tobacco quitting behaviour amongst the Indian population.Materials and Methods:This was secondary data analysis of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4 (2015–2016) and NFHS-5 (2019–2020) of India.Results:A rising trend (4%) in intention to quit tobacco was observed amongst women, while a decline in intention to quit (0.5%) was observed amongst men from 2015–2016 to 2019–2020. An increase in the quitting was observed amongst women with age, with higher levels of education, being married or widowed/separated/divorced, hypertensives and diabetic patients. Amongst men, a declining trend to quit was observed with increasing level of education amongst the richest and amongst smokers, alcohol users and diabetics. The trends in quitting increased amongst those who were exposed to mass media.Conclusion:This study shows an increase in tobacco quitting amongst females and a decline amongst men in the Indian population from 2015–2016 to 2019–2020.
Elevated Hepatitis B virus RNA levels in hepatocellular carcinoma patients compared to cirrhotic individuals: A propensity score matched analysis
Authors: Wang Yuying , Wu Juanli , Zhang Yushuang , Wang Lei , Li Tao 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
To delineate the levels of serum Hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and study comparisons with those of individuals afflicted with cirrhosis.

Methods:
Adult patients diagnosed with HBV-related cirrhosis or HCC (initial diagnosis) were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. Serum HBV DNA level was quantified through a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay with a lower limit of quantification (LLQ) of 20 IU/ml. Additionally, serum HBV RNA was quantified employing RNA real-time fluorescence thermostatic amplification detection technology with LLQ of 100 copies/ml. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to ensure balance in between-group confounders.

Results:
A total of 187 patients (47 with HCC and 140 with cirrhosis) were recruited, among whom 140 (74.9%) had undergone antiviral therapy prior to their inclusion, with varying durations. Serum HBV RNA was detectable in 89.4% of HCC patients at the time of carcinoma diagnosis. After PSM, individuals with HCC exhibited significantly elevated levels of serum HBV DNA and HBV RNA compared to those with cirrhosis (median lgHBV RNA 3.1 vs 2.0 copies/ml, P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis, including 38 patients who exhibited ultrasensitive HBV DNA negativity, revealed similar results (median lgHBV RNA 3.0 vs 0.0 copies/ml, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Serum HBV RNA levels were significantly higher in HBV-related HCC patients compared to cirrhotic patients. The presence of serum HBV RNA positivity or elevated levels was associated with the onset of HCC.
Giant Urinary Bladder Stone in Association with Acute Kidney Injury: A Rare Urological Emergency
Authors: Idowu Najeem Adedamola , Shitu Abdul-Karim Olayinka , Odeyemi Peter Olalekan , Rasheed Mumini Wemimo , Ugwuoke Chidi Ogeh 
Published: July 2024

Urinary stone remains a common urological disorder. Urinary bladder stone accounts for 5% of the urinary tract calculi. They are usually small and rarely present with complications; they may progressively increase in size, occupying the urinary bladder and resulting in the development of symptoms and complications. Our aim was to report the first case of a giant urinary bladder stone in association with severe kidney dysfunction in our Community. We report the case of a 65-year-old man with a 1-week history of decrease in urinary output and uremia following a referral from the general hospital. Remarkable findings on clinical examination were an elderly man that was confused, pale, and dehydrated. He had a suprapubic bladder Foley catheter which was inserted at the source of referral. Laboratory and imaging investigation revealed raised creatinine levels, bilateral hydronephrosis, and giant urinary bladder stone. These were suggestive of obstructive uropathy likely from the stone in association with severe kidney dysfunction. He had emergency open cystolithtomy and a 400g stone was removed. There was an immediate improvement in the urinary output and renal function. We have reported our experience on the successful management of giant urinary bladder stone in association with acute kidney injury. The patient recovered satisfactorily from acute kidney injury following emergency open cystolithotomy.
Myomectomy During the First and Second Trimesters of Pregnancy. A Therapeutic Dilemma: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Diaouga Hamidou Soumana , Yacouba Maimouna Chaibou , Garba Rahamatou Madeleine , Oumara Maina , Id Nafiou , Nayama Madi 
Published: July 2024

Myomectomy during pregnancy is a rare situation, reserved for exceptional cases. We report two cases of myomectomy during pregnancy. Case 1 was a 31-yearold primigravida with a large transmural myoma complicated by intense pelvic pain not responding to medical treatment due to red degeneration in a 6-week pregnancy. Case 2 was a 30-year-old primigravida with multiple myomas complicated by necrosis and hydronephrosis. We performed multiple myomectomy at 17 weeks’ pregnancy after failure of medical treatment. Concerning the operative technique, we performed myomectomy during pregnancy followed by prophylactic cerclage of the cervix. The operation is carried out as quickly as possible by the most experienced surgeon of the team, in order to shorten the operating time and limit blood loss. Myomas that are in contact with the uterine cavity are not removed. In all, 500mg of hydroxyprogesterone was administered intramusculary 24h before the procedure, intraoperatively, and after operation to limit the risk of abortion. In Case 1, myomectomy was performed successfully without maternal or fetal complications. However, the patient developed placental abruption at 33 weeks of pregnancy. The newborn died 3h after birth. In Case 2, myomectomy was complicated by a spontaneous abortion at the end of the operation. The patient developed necrosis of the remaining myomas and endometritis leading to hysterectomy. Thus myomectomy during pregnancy should be performed as a last resort in only well-selected patients.
The Right To Private Property In John Locke And Humanising The Human Nature
Authors: Abel Idagu Ushie , Peter Ushingio Ushingio 
Published: July 2024

This research work attempts to give an expose of the right to private property in John Locke and its relevance to Nigeria regarding humanizing the human nature. The right to Private property is a perennial issue. It is one of the major issues in social and political philosophy that great philosophers across different philosophical epochs (from ancient to contemporary epochs) have preoccupied themselves with. Every philosophy, hitherto, arises and develops out of a particular situation and in a context. The philosophy of private property, therefore, arises from the fundamental human right. This is where this work takes its bearing from to address the challenges of human violations where life and property are not given their right place. In Nigeria for instance, we see the tussle between the government, multinational companies and individuals, where individual properties are being destroyed by the government and multinationals without due consultation and compensation thereby dehumanising humanity. Against the backdrop of the negation and violation of the right to private property, Locke who is considered to be the philosopher of private property holds that the right to private property is natural and just and anyone who mixes his/her labour with nature deserves the right to ownership of private property. It is the utmost desire and sure hope of this work that it shall go a long way to bring into the subconscious of our whole society, the relevance of the right to private property, the maintenance of life and the importance of self-development resulting to re-humanising. The method of this research work is therefore expository, analytical and descriptive.
PENENTUAN PENERIMA BANTUAN BEDAH RUMAH MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW) DAN TECHNIQUE FOR OTHERS REFERENCES BY SIMILARITY TO IDEAL SOLUTION (TOPSIS)
Authors: Plaza R M. Abu Jihad 
Published: July 2024

Bantuan bedah rumah pada Kelurahan Kampung Kaliawi Waykanan di mulai dari tiap-tiap RT, Selama ini lurah yang menentukan berhak dan tidaknya keluarga untuk mendapatkan bantuan bedah rumah sehingga proses penyeleksian ini berjalan sangat lambat dan dinilai kurang efektif.
Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan keputusan adalah metode kombinasi Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) digunakan untuk mencari nilai matrik ternormalisasi R untuk setiap atribut, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan metode Technique For Others Refrences By Simillarity To Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)
Hasil dari sistem pendukung keputusan penerimaan siswa baru pada Kelurahan Kampung Kaliawi Technique For Others Refrences By Simillarity To Ideal Solution digunakan untuk mencari nilai perankingan dengan 30 sampel calon warga kuputusan dengan hasil keputusan >60 layak dan <60 tidak layak