bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelin-1 down-regulates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 and contributes to perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity
Authors: Lima Anna Flavia R. , Rodrigues Daniel , Machado Mirele R. , Oliveira-Neto José Teles , Bressan Alecsander F. M. , Pedersoli Carina A. , Alves Juliano V. , Silva-Neto Júlio A. , Barros Paula R. , Dias Thiago B. , Garcia Luis V. , Bruder-Nascimento Ariane , Bruder-Nascimento Thiago , Carneiro Fernando S. , Leiria Luiz Osório S. , Tostes Rita C. , Costa Rafael M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) negatively regulates vascular muscle contraction. However, in the context of obesity, the PVAT releases vasoconstrictor substances that detrimentally affect vascular function. A pivotal player in this scenario is the peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1), which induces oxidative stress and disrupts vascular function. The present study postulates that obesity augments ET-1 production in the PVAT, decreases the function of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) transcription factor, further increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, culminating in PVAT dysfunction. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a standard or a high-fat diet for 16 weeks. Mice were also treated with saline or a daily dose of 100 mg·kg−1 of the ETA and ETB receptor antagonist Bosentan, for 7 days. Vascular function was evaluated in thoracic aortic rings, with and without PVAT. Mechanistic studies utilized PVAT from all groups and cultured WT-1 mouse brown adipocytes. PVAT from obese mice exhibited increased ET-1 production, increased ECE1 and ETA gene expression, loss of the anticontractile effect, as well as increased ROS production, decreased Nrf2 activity, and downregulated expression of Nrf2-targeted antioxidant genes. PVAT of obese mice also exhibited increased expression of Tyr216-phosphorylated-GSK3β and KEAP1, but not BACH1 - negative Nrf2 regulators. Bosentan treatment reversed all these effects. Similarly, ET-1 increased ROS generation and decreased Nrf2 activity in brown adipocytes, events mitigated by BQ123 (ETA receptor antagonist). These findings place ET-1 as a major contributor to PVAT dysfunction in obesity and highlight that pharmacological control of ET-1 effects restores PVAT's cardiovascular protective role.
Tidal mass loss in the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy through N-body simulations with Gaia DR3-based orbits
Authors: Di Cintio Pierfrancesco , Iorio Giuliano , Calura Francesco , Nipoti Carlo , Cantari Marcello 
Published: August 2024

Aims. The Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy (dSph) represents a challenge for some globular cluster (GC) formation models, because an exceptionally high fraction of its stellar mass is locked in its GC system. In order to shed light on our understanding of GC formation, we aim to constrain the amount of stellar mass that Fornax has lost via tidal interaction with the Milky Way (MW).
Methods. Exploiting the flexibility of effective multi-component N-body simulations and relying on state-of-the-art estimates of Fornax’s orbital parameters, we study the evolution of the mass distribution of the Fornax dSph in observationally justified orbits in the gravitational potential of the MW over 12 Gyr.
Results. We find that, though the dark-matter mass loss can be substantial, the fraction of stellar mass lost by Fornax to the MW is always negligible, even in the most eccentric orbit considered.
Conclusions. We conclude that stellar-mass loss due to tidal stripping is not a plausible explanation for the unexpectedly high stellar mass of the GC system of the Fornax dSph and we discuss quantitatively the implications for GC formation scenarios.
Pathologische Diagnostik und Biomarker für die perioperative Systemtherapie
Authors: Erber Ramona 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungEine optimale personalisierte Planung der Therapie beim resezierbaren Lungenkarzinom erfordert eine qualitätsgesicherte, standardisierte und zeitnahe Aufarbeitung von Gewebeproben in pathologischen Laboren sowie die Bestimmung relevanter prädiktiver und prognostischer Biomarker. Die pathologische Diagnostik umfasst die histologische Tumortypisierung, Stadieneinteilung und Tumorgraduierung, Resektionsstatus und ggf. Regressionsgraduierung bei Z. n. neoadjuvanter Systemtherapie. Die histopathologische Typisierung erfolgt nach aktuell gültiger WHO-Klassifikation und umfasst u. a. Adenokarzinome, Plattenepithelkarzinome, andere nicht kleinzellige Lungenkarzinome (NSCLCs), Karzinoide, kleinzellige und großzellige neuroendokrine Karzinome. Eine standardisierte Tumorgraduierung spielt derzeit vor allem beim invasiven nicht muzinösen Adenokarzinom eine wichtige Rolle und ermöglicht eine prognostische Risikoeinschätzung. Ebenso sind die R-Klassifikation und die Regressionsgraduierung
prognostisch relevant. In den frühen Stadien des NSCLC sind molekulare Biomarker wie EGFR, ALK und PD-L1 relevant für eine personalisierte Therapieentscheidung. Die Testung erfolgt an FFPE-Gewebeproben und ist qualitätsgesichert gemäß internationalem Standard durchzuführen.
Aus Fehlern wird man klug? – Eine randomisierte kontrollierte Studie
zum Erwerb von Gesprächsführungswissen anhand positiver vs. gemischter
Therapiemodelle
Authors: Maaß Ulrike , Fehm Lydia , Kühne Franziska , Wenzel Heide , Weck Florian 
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Die vorliegende Studie vergleicht zwei Arten von therapeutischen
Modellvideos: ein ideales Modell und ein Modell, das Fehler zeigt. Die Idee ist,
dass die bewusste Wahrnehmung von Fehlern eher dabei hilft, ein umfassendes
Verständnis von Gesprächsführungskompetenz aufzubauen als ein idealtypisches
Modell.
Methodik Insgesamt wurden n1=111 Psychologiestudierende und n2=57 Personen
aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung randomisiert einer von zwei Trainingsbedingungen im
Rahmen einer Online-Studie zugeteilt. Während die eine Gruppe in ihrem Training
mit einem positiven Modellvideo ein kurzes, aber kompetentes Gespräch einer
Verhaltenstherapeutin beobachtete, sah die andere Gruppe in ihrem Training ein
gemischtes Modellvideo, das eine Therapeutin mit mittelmäßiger Kompetenz zeigte.
In beiden Trainingsvideos wurde das positive oder negative Verhalten schriftlich
markiert. Vor und nach dem Training bewerteten die Teilnehmenden die Kompetenzen
einer Therapeutin in einer weiteren Gesprächssituation anhand standardisierter
Skalen. Diese Kompetenzbewertungen wurden mit denen von zwei klinischen
Expertinnen verglichen und lieferten so einen Indikator für das konzeptionelle
Wissen der Teilnehmenden über kompetente Gesprächsführung.
Ergebnisse Eine Reihe von ANCOVA-Modellen zeigte, dass die Gruppe, die das
gemischte Modellvideo sah, nach dem Training signifikant weniger von den
Expertinnen abwich als die Gruppe, die das positive Modellvideo sah
(ηp2=0,03–0,10). Allerdings wich die Gruppe, die das positive (vs. gemischte)
Modellvideo sah, nach dem Training auf zwei von drei Kompetenzskalen stärker von
den Expertinnenurteilen ab als vorher (dPrä-Post=0,78–0,82).
Diskussion Insgesamt wurde die Hypothese bestätigt, dass gemischte Modelle
vorteilhaft sind. Die unerwarteten Ergebnisse in der Gruppe mit dem positiven
Modellvideo könnten damit erklärt werden, dass diese einen unrealistisch hohen
Anker setzen, mit dem das spätere Verhalten verglichen wird.
Schlussfolgerung Gemischte Modelle können gegenüber positiven Modellen
einen Vorteil bieten, insbesondere wenn die Modellvideos verhaltensrelevante
Erklärungen enthalten.
Neue radioonkologische Therapiekonzepte beim nicht metastasierten Lungenkarzinom
Authors: Sarria Gustavo R. , Wiegreffe Shari , Gkika Eleni 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Strahlentherapie nimmt in der Behandlung des nicht metastasierten Lungenkarzinoms eine entscheidende Rolle ein, da sie sowohl einen kurativen Therapieansatz und zudem eine Verbesserung der krankheitsbedingten Symptome bietet. Als primäre Behandlungsmethode oder als (neo-)adjuvante Therapie nach einer Operation können die Kontroll- und Überlebensraten erhöht und damit die onkologischen Therapieergebnisse verbessert werden. Moderne Techniken wie die stereotaktische Strahlentherapie (SBRT) ermöglichen ein präzises Anvisieren des Tumors, wodurch die Strahlenbelastung des gesunden Gewebes minimiert und die Behandlungsdauer verkürzt werden. Die Synergie zwischen Strahlentherapie und systemischen Behandlungen, einschl. der Immuntherapie, führt zu einer weiteren Verbesserung der Behandlungsergebnisse. Die Immuntherapie verstärkt die körpereigene Immunreaktion gegen Tumorzellen und kann so die Wirksamkeit der Strahlentherapie erhöhen. Gleichermaßen werden die Mechanismen der
Immuntherapie durch das Potenzial der Strahlentherapie, die Mikroumgebung des Tumors zu modulieren, verstärkt. Daher kann eine Kombination aus Strahlen- und Immuntherapie eine bessere Tumorkontrolle und damit Überlebensvorteile für den behandelten Patienten bieten. Zusätzlich maximiert eine multidisziplinäre Therapie aus Strahlentherapie, Chirurgie und Chemotherapie/Immuntherapie die Wirksamkeit der Behandlung und minimiert zeitgleich die Toxizität. In diesem Artikel geben wir einen Überblick über moderne Behandlungstechniken der Strahlentherapie und über mögliche Entwicklungen in naher Zukunft.
Does Differentially Private Synthetic Data Lead to Synthetic Discoveries?
Authors: Montoya Perez Ileana , Movahedi Parisa , Nieminen Valtteri , Airola Antti , Pahikkala Tapio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background Synthetic data have been proposed as a solution for sharing anonymized versions of sensitive biomedical datasets. Ideally, synthetic data should preserve the structure and statistical properties of the original data, while protecting the privacy of the individual subjects. Differential Privacy (DP) is currently considered the gold standard approach for balancing this trade-off.
Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate how trustworthy are group differences discovered by independent sample tests from DP-synthetic data. The evaluation is carried out in terms of the tests' Type I and Type II errors. With the former, we can quantify the tests' validity, i.e., whether the probability of false discoveries is indeed below the significance level, and the latter indicates the tests' power in making real discoveries.
Methods We evaluate the Mann–Whitney U test, Student's t-test, chi-squared test, and median test on DP-synthetic data. The private synthetic datasets are generated from real-world data, including a prostate cancer dataset (n = 500) and a cardiovascular dataset (n = 70,000), as well as on bivariate and multivariate simulated data. Five different DP-synthetic data generation methods are evaluated, including two basic DP histogram release methods and MWEM, Private-PGM, and DP GAN algorithms.
Conclusion A large portion of the evaluation results expressed dramatically inflated Type I errors, especially at levels of ϵ ≤ 1. This result calls for caution when releasing and analyzing DP-synthetic data: low p-values may be obtained in statistical tests simply as a byproduct of the noise added to protect privacy. A DP Smoothed Histogram-based synthetic data generation method was shown to produce valid Type I error for all privacy levels tested but required a large original dataset size and a modest privacy budget (ϵ ≥ 5) in order to have reasonable Type II error levels.
Modeling stable cavitation of coated microbubbles: A framework integrating smoothed dissipative particle dynamics and the Rayleigh–Plesset equation
Authors: Nguyen Phuong H. 
Published: August 2024

Coated microbubbles are widely used in medical applications, particularly in enhanced drug and gene delivery. One of the mechanisms underlying these applications involves the shear stress exerted on the cell membrane by acoustic microstreaming generated through cavitation bubbles. In this study, we develop a novel simulation approach that combines the smooth dissipative particle dynamics (SDPD) simulation method with numerical modeling of the Rayleigh–Plesset-like equation in an ad hoc manner to simulate stable cavitation of microbubbles at microsecond and micrometer scales. Specifically, the SDPD method is utilized to model fluid dynamics, while the Rayleigh–Plesset-like equation is employed to describe bubble dynamics. Adopting a 1.5 μm coated microbubble driven by ultrasound with a frequency of 2 MHz and a pressure of 500 kPa as a representative example, we observe a high-velocity microstreaming pattern emerging around the bubble on a very small scale of a few micrometers after only a few microseconds. These spatiotemporal scales may pose challenges for experimental observation. The formation of this microstreaming arises from the opposing motion of the fluid layer next to the bubble and the fluid layers further away. Furthermore, our simulations reveal high shear stress levels of thousands of Pascals exerted on a wall located a few micrometers from the bubble. This contrasts with the shear stress values of a few Pascals calculated from theoretical models in the literature, which do not incorporate radial streaming into their theories. The implications of our results for bubble cavitation-induced pore formation on the cell membrane are discussed in some details.
The art of wrangling
Authors: Bramlett Adam A. , Wiener Seth 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Web-based eye-tracking is more accessible than ever. Researchers can now carry out visual world paradigm studies
remotely and access never before tested, multilingual populations via the internet all without the need for an expensive
eye-tracker. Web-based eye-tracking, however, requires careful experimental design and extensive data wrangling skills. In this
paper, we provide a framework for reproducible, open science visual world paradigm studies using online experiments. We provide
step-by-step instructions to building a typical visual world paradigm psycholinguistics study, and walk the reader through a
series of data wrangling steps needed to prepare the data for visualization and analysis using the open-source software
environment, R. Importantly, we highlight the key decisions researchers need to make and report in order to reproduce an analysis.
We demonstrate our approach by carrying out a single change replication of an in-person eye-tracking study by Porretta et al. (2020). We conclude with best practices and recommendations for
researchers carrying out bi-/multilingualism web-based visual world paradigm studies.
What to do next
Authors: Gubina Alexandra , Fox Barbara A. , Raymond Chase Wesley 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The starting point of most prior research on action formation and ascription is either
a social action or a linguistic form. In contrast, our study will demonstrate analytic and methodological implications
and cross-linguistic perspectives for Interactional Linguistics research of starting with a
translation issue. In our paper, we compare the use of two formats that are both possible
translations of the German soll
ich, namely should I and ((do) you) want me to. Although both English
formats elicit information that is consequential for the speaker’s agenda (cf. Couper-Kuhlen 2021), we will demonstrate that they are not only used for accomplishing different actions
(e.g., different kinds of offers, requests for specification, candidate understandings), but also differ
in terms of the ownership of the project this proffered
action will contribute to. Our results demonstrate that translation issues within Interactional Linguistics research are not only an important
methodological and analytic matter, but can also open up new perspectives with regard to cross-linguistic and cross-cultural diversity of social actions and
practices for accomplishing them. Our results suggest that speakers of different languages not only differ in how
specific domains of social action (e.g., offers, requests for permission) are realized, but also what
sensitivities are oriented to across languages. Our study thus offers a new avenue for exploring domains of social
actions and their realization across languages.
What do you understand by X?
Authors: Deppermann Arnulf 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses major developments in the field of Interactional Semantics. After locating
Interactional Semantics within the study of semantics
and introducing major contributions to the field, two approaches for studying semantics in interaction are
exemplified: The study of meta-semantic practices (in
particular, defining) is concerned with actions by which participants clarify local meanings of expressions they are
using; the study of interactional histories is concerned
with how the accumulation of common ground over a series of interactions affects both lexical choices and the
interpretation of the expressions used. The studies show how indexicality, action-orientation, and recipient-design are basic properties of semantic practice in
social interaction.
Verbal and bodily practices for addressing trouble associated
with embodied moves in game play
Authors: Golato Andrea , Betz Emma , Taleghani-Nikazm Carmen , Drake Veronika 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We provide a first systematic account of how interactants manage trouble that is not localizable in
talk but rather in embodied conduct in table-top game play. Interventions targeting embodied problems have been termed
“remedial actions” (Lerner and Raymond 2021) or “remedies” (Arminen and
Auvinen 2013: 19). Focusing on game-playing interactions in German and English, we show that remedial actions addressing a coparticipant’s prior embodied move, or
the absence of a move, as troublesome can take one of three different forms: they can be embodied, verbal, or a
combination thereof. We show a systematic link between the form of remedial action and the type of trouble addressed: Remedial actions that
are exclusively embodied address deviations from shared
playing practices, typically involving problems with game piece placement. Exclusively verbal remedial actions address
violations of codified game rules such as premature moves. Remedial actions that combine verbal and embodied resources
target established practices or formal rules but accomplish additional actions, for example doing teaching or
reproaching. By highlighting the systematic interplay between talk and embodiment, our study contributes to a new, multimodal perspective in
Interactional Linguistics.
Managing progressivity and solidarity with nage shenme ‘that what’ in Mandarin
interaction
Authors: Li Xiaoting 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Nage shenme ‘that what’ is a fixed pronoun phrase commonly used as a “filler” in
Mandarin. This study examines the interactional
functions of nage shenmes (NSs) in face-to-face Mandarin interaction. An examination of the data
shows that NSs appear in a variety of turn positions. This study focuses on the usages of TCU-medial and turn-final
NSs. I argue that TCU-medial NSs are used as placeholders to deal with problems of progressivity of the TCU- and action-in-progress. Turn-final NSs
in disagreement talk serve as mitigation markers to mitigate the force of discordant actions. They are
employed by the speaker to seek reconciliation with coparticipants and to promote social solidarity.
Language alternation in the multilingual classroom
Authors: Kupetz Maxi , Becker Elena 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper is twofold: First, we show that language alternation is an important
resource for the accomplishment of actions allowing for participation in classroom activities, and that it can only be
understood through careful sequential and multimodal analysis – as proven in IL studies. IL research is thus expanded to the multilingual classroom. The study is based on video-recordings of a
classroom setting in which the students make use of Arabic – not the language of instruction, which is German. In addition to the communicative functions of actions realized through language alternation, our
study shows the teacher’s strategies of how to deal with the students’ use of Arabic. These observations on “orderly”
going-ons are intended to encourage teachers to allow for multiple language use in the classroom.
Negative-polarity nanosecond-pulsed cryogenic plasma in liquid nitrogen
Authors: Dobrynin Danil , Fridman Alexander 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this work we report the results of imaging and spectroscopic measurements of the optical emission spectrum of a negative nanosecond-pulsed cryogenic discharge in liquid nitrogen. With the application of a lower electric field, the discharge first ignites as a ‘faint glow’ around the high-voltage needle electrode, but when the applied electric field reaches the transition value of around 5 MV cm−1 the discharge mode switches to a negative in-liquid streamer. The optical emission spectrum of the discharge is populated by the molecular nitrogen emission bands, and their analysis shows that the pressures and temperatures of the negative streamers in liquid nitrogen are at least of few tens of atmospheres and around 140–150 K. The results of this study demonstrate similarity of positive and neganive streamers in cryogenic in-liquid plasma conditions.
Quasi-2D material based heterostructure devices and its applications
Authors: Gautam Vidushi , Verma Sandeep Kumar , Singh Roshani , Ashraf Zaid , Kandpal Kavindra , Kumar Pramod 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The structure and versatile interfacial properties of heterostructures of two-dimensional (2D) materials have drawn a lot of attention. The fundamental curiosity and efficient possibilities encourage the fabrication of 2D materials. 2D materials offer a variety of key elements with distinct optical, electrical, and optoelectronic characteristics. Recently, topological insulators became fascinating for the future of spintronics due to strongspin–orbit coupling and dissipation-less counter-propagating conduction channels in the surface state. When topological traits and magnetic order come together, they may result in new quantum states, leading to the quantum anomalous Hall effect. Here, an overview of 2D fabrication techniques, device applications, magnetic—topological coupling and interfacial effects in heterostructures is discussed, offering a flexible platform for engineering magnetic and topological properties, additionally providing perspectives on emerging research opportunities.