bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sub-milliwatt threshold power and tunable-bias all-optical nonlinear activation function using vanadium dioxide for wavelength-division multiplexing photonic neural networks
Authors: Parra Jorge , Navarro-Arenas Juan , Sanchis Pablo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The increasing demand for efficient hardware in neural computation highlights the limitations of electronic-based systems in terms of speed, energy efficiency, and scalability. Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) photonic neural networks offer a high-bandwidth, low-latency alternative but require effective photonic activation functions. Here, we propose a power-efficient and tunable-bias all-optical nonlinear activation function using vanadium dioxide (VO2) for WDM photonic neural networks. We engineered a SiN/BTO waveguide with a VO2 patch to exploit the phase-change material’s reversible insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) for nonlinear activation. We conducted numerical simulations to optimize the waveguide geometry and VO2 parameters, minimizing propagation and coupling losses while achieving a strong nonlinear response and low-threshold activation power. Our proposed device features a sub-milliwatt threshold power, a footprint of 5 μm, and an ELU-like activation function. Moreover, the bias of our device could be thermally tuned, improving the speed and power efficiency. On the other hand, performance evaluations using the CIFAR-10 dataset confirmed the device’s potential for convolutional neural networks (CNN). Our results show that a hybrid VO2/SiN/BTO platform could play a prominent role in the path toward the development of high-performance photonic neural networks.
Double and single stranded detection of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine with nanopore sequencing
Authors: Halliwell Dominic Oliver , Honig Floris , Bagby Stefan , Roy Sandipan , Murrell Adele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) are modified versions of cytosine in DNA with roles in regulating gene expression. Using whole genomic DNA from mouse cerebellum, we benchmark 5mC and 5hmC detection by Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing against other standard techniques. In addition, we assess the ability of duplex base-calling to study strand asymmetric modification. Nanopore detection of 5mC and 5hmC is accurate relative to compared techniques and opens means of studying these modifications. Strand asymmetric modification is widespread across the genome but reduced at imprinting control regions and CTCF binding sites in mouse cerebellum. Here we demonstrate the unique ability of nanopore sequencing to improve the resolution and detail of cytosine modification mapping.
KDM5C and KDM5D mutations have different consequences in clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Müller Marvin , Zodel Kyra , Abhari Behnaz A. , Cuomo Francesca , Nizamuddin Sheikh , Metzger Patrick , Boerries Melanie , Timmers H. T. Marc , Frew Ian J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

KDM5C is commonly mutated in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) in men but rarely in women. Introducing KDM5C mutation into two male and two female KDM5C wild-type ccRCC cell lines caused different phenotypes and non-overlapping transcriptional consequences, indicative of context-dependent functions of KDM5C. We identify that loss of the Y chromosome, harbouring the KDM5C homologue KDM5D, occurs in most male KDM5C mutant ccRCCs. Mutation of KDM5D in male 786-O cells prevented xenograft tumour formation and this phenotype was unexpectedly rescued by co-mutation of KDM5C, consistent with the co-occurrence of KDM5C mutation and loss of the Y chromosome in ccRCC. Transcriptional analyses showed that KDM5C and KDM5D regulate the expression of both overlapping as well as distinct sets of genes. While KDM5C and KDM5D bind to at least some overlapping genomic sites, gene expression changes induced by KDM5C or KDM5D mutation are apparently unrelated to the direct functions of these proteins at the relevant gene promoters or enhancers. Our findings identify similarities and differences in KDM5C and KDM5D functions, challenging the idea that KDM5D in male cells functions equivalently to the second KDM5C allele in female cells, and implicate an interplay between KDM5C mutation and Y chromosome loss in ccRCC development in men.
Modified You Only Look Once Network Model for Enhanced Traffic Scene Detection Performance for Small Targets
Authors: Shi Lei , Ren Shuai , Fan Xing , Wang Ke , Lin Shan , Liu Zhanwen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn order to address the challenge of small target recognition in traffic scenes, we propose a model based on you only look once version 8X (Yolov8X) network model, which has been combined with receptive fields block (RFB) and multidimensional collaborative attention (MCA). First, the model employs the RFB to extract reliable and distinctive features, thereby enhancing the precision of small target identification. Furthermore, the MCA structure is introduced to simulate multidimensional attention through three parallel branches, thereby enhancing the feature expression ability of the model. This fragment describes a compression transformation and an excitation transformation that captures the differentiated feature representation of the command. These transformations facilitate the network's ability to locate and predict the location of small objects more accurately. Utilizing these transformations enhances the expressiveness and diversity of features, thereby improving the detection performance of small objects. Furthermore, data augmentation and hyperparameter optimization techniques are employed to enhance the model's generalisability. The validation results on the Argoverse 1.1 autonomous driving dataset demonstrate that the enhanced network model outperforms the prevailing detectors, achieving an F1 score of 78.6, an average precision of 55.1, and an average recall of 72.4. The algorithm's excellent performance for small target detection was demonstrated through visual analysis, proving its high application value and potential for promotion in fields such as autonomous driving.
TLBP: Tomography‐Aided Local Binary Patterns With High Discrimination for Image Classification
Authors: Liu Yichen , Zhang Xin , Jiang Yanan , Zhang Chunlei , Feng Hanlin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLocal binary patterns (LBP) play a vital role in image classification as a computationally efficient feature descriptor. A crucial reason for its limitation of discriminability is the lack of neighbourhood information description from a global perspective. Previous research has attempted to improve its performance by introducing global thresholds, but such threshold selection is not optimal. To address this issue, we propose a novel tomography‐aided local binary patterns (TLBP), inspired by the tomographic process of sample separation. TLBP considers constructing visual feature representations under multi‐level non‐local information to compensate for the lack of LBP possessing only a single shallow feature. In addition to the basic LBP features from local visual context, TLBP captures refined neighbourhood greyscale information through multi‐quantile thresholds from a global visual perspective, thereby greatly enhancing discriminability. Experimental results in texture classification, face recognition, and hyperspectral pixel‐wise classification demonstrate that the proposed TLBP descriptor outperforms the competitors, achieving 94.39% (KTH‐TIPS), 81.22% (KTH‐TIPS‐ROT), 93.81% (Indian Pines), 99.85% (Salinas), and 99.50% (ORL) accuracy. Furthermore, the performance of the T‐variants that apply the tomographic idea to classic LBP descriptors improve significantly, especially for their rotation‐invariant versions.
Multi‐Task Collaboration for Cross‐Modal Generation and Multi‐Modal Ophthalmic Diseases Diagnosis
Authors: Yu Yang , Zhu Hongqing , Qian Tianwei , Hou Tong , Huang Bingcang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMulti‐modal diagnosis of ophthalmic disease is becoming increasingly important because combining multi‐modal data allows for more accurate diagnosis. Color fundus photograph (CFP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) are commonly used as two non‐invasive modalities for ophthalmic examination. However, the diagnosis of each modality is not entirely accurate. Compounding the challenge is the difficulty in acquiring multi‐modal data, with existing datasets frequently lacking paired multi‐modal data. To solve these problems, we propose multi‐modal distribution fusion diagnostic algorithm and cross‐modal generation algorithm. The multi‐modal distribution fusion diagnostic algorithm first calculates the mean and variance separately for each modality, and then generates multi‐modal diagnostic results in a distribution fusion manner. In order to generate the absent modality (mainly OCT data), three sub‐networks are designed in the cross‐modal generation algorithm: cross‐modal alignment network, conditional deformable autoencoder and latent consistency diffusion model (LCDM). Finally, we propose multi‐task collaboration strategy where diagnosis and generation tasks are mutually reinforcing to achieve optimal performance. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method yield superior results compared to state‐of‐the‐arts.
Application of 3D-Printed Patient-Specific Guides for Femoral Bone Preparation in Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty in a Dog
Authors: Charochak Julia H. , Petrovsky Brian , Lirtzman Ross 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis case report presents the first successful Biomedtrix BFX™ total hip replacement in a dog with Legg–Calve–Perthes disease utilizing patient-specific 3D-printed guides to aid in femoral reaming. An 11-month-old, male, neutered goldendoodle weighing 11.8 kg presented with left hindlimb lameness of 2 to 3 months secondary to Legg–Calve–Perthes disease. Computed tomography and radiographs were used for surgical planning. Patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) and 3D bone models were printed out of a biocompatible material and used for preoperative rehearsal and intraoperative use. Patient-specific instrumentation enabled coaxial initial drilling and reaming. The PSI facilitated coaxial alignment during the initial drilling and reaming process. However, coaxial alignment was not maintained during broaching and stem insertion, deviating from the guided preparation of the initial bed. In the authors' opinion, PSI improved the precision of a major procedural step compared to traditional techniques. While this novel technique for BFX total hip replacement with PSI demonstrated promising results in this case, the limitations highlighted underscore the necessity for further research.
Role of the Goddard Score in Predicting Prolonged Air Leak in Pulmonary Segmentectomies
Authors: Galetin Thomas , Rheinhold Lisann , Klamer Rachel , Alkhatam Ahmet , Koryllos Aris 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background Prolonged air leak (PAL) is a major cause of morbidities and increased treatment costs following lung resection. The Goddard score (GS) quantifies pulmonary emphysema on computed tomography, a risk factor for PAL, from 0 to 24.
Methods We evaluated the GS as a predictor of PAL in pulmonary segmentectomies by retrospectively analyzing 131 patients with anatomical segmentectomy. We identified predictors of PAL and performed logistic regression.
Results Eighty-three percent of patients had a history of smoking. The mean air leak duration was 4.2 days; 16% had PAL (>7 days). Median GS was 1. The optimal cutoff was GS ≥ 6 (area under the curve AUC = 0.625). GS did not correlate with air leak duration. In combination, body mass index, cumulative pack-years, immunosuppression, adhesiolysis, operation time, and GS ≥ 6 best predicted PAL with AUC = 0.914. Omitting GS still leads to an AUC = 0.864.
Conclusion The GS does not add enough information to be of practical value in anatomic segmentectomies, but it is of academic significance to quantify and compare lung emphysema in the context of clinical studies.
Sedierung in der Palliativversorgung. Ergebnisse einer Onlinebefragung zum Test der Anwendung von Definitionen auf Fallszenarien unter den Mitgliedern der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Palliativmedizin und der Österreichischen Palliativgesellschaft
Authors: Kremling Alexander , Bausewein Claudia , Klein Carsten , Nadolny Stephan , Ostgathe Christoph , Schildmann Eva , Ziegler Kerstin , Schildmann Jan 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungZur Weiterentwicklung der Terminologie zum Thema Sedierung in der Palliativmedizin sollte getestet werden, wie gut Personen mit Berufserfahrung in der Palliativmedizin Definitionen auf Fälle anwenden können.Onlineumfrage unter Mitgliedern der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Palliativmedizin (DGP) und der Österreichischen Palliativgesellschaft (OPG) mit Anwendung von 4 Definitionen auf 4 Fallszenarien.380/12 Mitglieder der DGP/OPG nahmen teil. 3105/6272 möglichen Antworten waren korrekt (49,5%) mit einer durchschnittlichen Anzahl (max. 4 Punkte möglich) von 2,3 (SD=1,07) für die SedPall-Definition, jeweils 2,0 für die Definitionen der European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC) (SD=0,99), der norwegischen (SD=0,97) sowie 1,7 für die Definition der japanischen Leitlinie (M=2, SD=1,11).Definitionen werden häufig nicht korrekt angewandt, was Praxis und Forschung negativ beeinflussen könnte.
Consumer value dimensions in conversational and mobile commerce
Authors: Schultz Carsten D. , Kaiser Saskia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Voice is becoming a frontline interface across the customer journey. However, the role of digital assistants, such as chatbots and voice assistants, in shopping remains underexplored and a comprehensive understanding of the value that these assistants provide is still missing. This study addresses this gap by applying consumption value theory to identify the dimensions influencing the use of such digital assistants for shopping. By integrating this theory into the technology acceptance model, we develop a coherent framework to analyze the values driving digital assistant adoption. The research model highlights the importance of epistemic, conditional, emotional, and functional values in determining the perceived usefulness of digital assistants for shopping, while social value and ease of use are less impactful. Trust positively influences both attitude and behavioral intention, while perceived risk negatively affects attitude but not intention; digital assistants in conversational commerce share similarities with smartphones in mobile shopping. When comparing chatbots and smartphones, trust has a stronger impact on consumer attitudes in mobile shopping. In contrast, perceived usefulness plays a more prominent role in shaping attitudes toward the use of voice assistants rather than chatbots. The empirical findings also highlight significant differences across demographic groups.
Morning wake-time and the time of teaching/assessment session can influence test score
Authors: Mehta Kosha J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Circadian rhythm affects cognition and learning. However, there is insufficient data on the influence of circadian rhythm on academic performance of higher education students. It is crucial to understand the association between test scores and the elements of circadian rhythm like morning wake-time, time of teaching-learning session, nap, and nap duration. This study aimed to examine whether the time of session (in which teaching was followed by a formative assessment), and morning wake-time, napping or nap duration on the assessment day differed between high and low scorers. Data showed that mean and median wake-times were 8 am (n = 807). Wake-time of 8:30 am showed the largest proportion of high scorers (73.1% students) and wake-time of 7:30 am showed the largest proportion of low scorers (21.6% students). However, the distribution of wake-times did not significantly differ between high scorers (score > =75%) and low scorers (score < =25%) and waking up before the most frequently reported wake-times did not increase the odds of scoring high. Regarding time of session, the largest proportion of high scorers were from session timeslot 9 am to 11 am (69.2% students), while the smallest proportion (44.2%) of high scorers were from session timeslot 3 pm till late. Session time of before or at 11 am and before or at 2 pm significantly increased the odds of high score compared to a session after these times (OR:1.7, CI:1.1–2.4 & OR:3.4, CI:2.4–4.8, respectively). Session after 2 pm associated with increased odds (OR:1.69, CI:1.0–2.6) and relative risk (RR:1.5, CI:1.07–2.2) of low scores. A 20-minute-nap on assessment day associated with increased odds of high score, compared to napping for longer (OR:2.5, CI:1.0–6.3). Such valuable information can i) make students aware of the times of day that promote optimal learning/performance, and ii) greatly aid the academics in structuring students’ timetable, and thereby help promote optimal learning.
Study on the electronic structure of a narrow-gap semiconductor KAg3Te2
Authors: Feng Rong , Zheng Haotian , Liu Haoran , Zhao Binru , Yin Xunqing , Liu Zhihua , Liu Feng , Wang Guohua , Xu Xiaofeng , Zhang Wentao , Luo Weidong , Zhou Wei , Qian Dong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
KAg3Te2 with a layered crystal structure has been predicted to be a possible topological insulator. Through electrical transport measurements, we revealed its semiconducting behavior with a narrow band gap of ~0.4 eV and p-type character. The infrared transmission spectra of single crystals yielded an optical band gap of ~0.3 eV. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy reveals a bulk energy gap at the Brillouin zone center, with no observable surface state, suggesting that KAg3Te2 is a topological trivial narrow-gap semiconductor. The experimentally determined effective mass of the holes in KAg3Te2 is very small (~0.12 m
e). The valence band maximum is quasi-two-dimensional, while the conduction band minimum is fully three-dimensional. Such intriguing dimensional anisotropy can be attributed to the distinct orbital contributions from K, Ag and Te atoms to the respective bands.
Suppression of glycolysis decreases sugar-induced cell death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Valiakhmetov Airat 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Although 30 years have passed since the description of sugar-induced cell death (SICD), the specific molecular mechanism that triggers this process remains unclear. This paper attempts to shed light on the relationship between SICD and glucose catabolism. In yeast cells, glucose is involved not only in energy-producing processes but also in the synthesis of reserve hydrocarbons. It is known that disruption of trehalose synthesis leads to significant changes in the physiology of S. cerevisiae. The present study shows that deletion of the TPS1 gene resulted in a 44% suppression of SICD and a 75% reduction in the number of cells with excess ROS. The suppression was comparable to the suppression of SICD (38%) and ROS (71%) with deletion of the HXK2 gene. Since HXK2 is the first enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, the effect of two other key glycolytic enzymes on SICD was tested. Deletion of the TDH3 gene (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) resulted in a 39% suppression of SICD and ROS by 48%. Inhibition of Tdh3p with 1 mM iodoacetamide also suppressed SICD by 67% and ROS by 58%. Deletion of the PFK1 (phosphofructokinase 1) gene resulted in a complete block of SICD (97%) but unexpectedly resulted in a significant increase in the number of cells with excess ROS. The results obtained suggest that such a phenomenon as SICD is the result of an imbalance in the cellular pathways of glucose catabolism.
Incremental Healthcare Costs of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sheets Kerry M , Fink Howard A , Langsetmo Lisa , Kats Allyson M , Schousboe John T , Yaffe Kristine , Ensrud Kristine E 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Cognitive impairment and dementia are associated with higher healthcare costs; whether these increased costs are attributable to greater comorbidity burden is unknown. We sought to determine associations of cognitive impairment and dementia with subsequent total and sector-specific healthcare costs after accounting for comorbidities and to compare costs by method of case ascertainment.

Methods
Index examinations (2002-2011) of four prospective cohort studies linked with Medicare claims. 8,165 community-dwelling Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries (4,318 women; 3,847 men). Cognitive impairment identified by self-or-proxy report of dementia and/or abnormal cognitive testing. Claims-based dementia and comorbidities derived from claims using Chronic Condition Warehouse algorithms. Annualized healthcare costs (2023 dollars) ascertained for 36 months following index examinations.

Results
521 women (12.1%) and 418 men (10.9%) met criteria for cognitive impairment; 388 women (9%) and 234 men (6.1%) met criteria for claims-based dementia. After accounting for age, race, geographic region, and comorbidities, mean incremental costs of cognitive impairment versus no cognitive impairment in women (men) were $6,883 ($7,276) for total healthcare costs, $4,160 ($4,047) for inpatient costs, $1,206 ($1,587) for SNF costs, and $689 ($668) for HHC costs. Mean adjusted incremental total and inpatient costs associated with claims-based dementia were smaller in magnitude and not statistically significant. Mean adjusted incremental costs of claims-based dementia versus no claims-based dementia in women (men) were $759 ($1,251) for SNF costs and $582 ($535) for HHC costs.

Conclusions
Cognitive impairment is independently associated with substantial incremental total and sector-specific healthcare expenditures not fully captured by claims-based dementia or comorbidity burden.
Healthy Aging in Subsidized Housing in the United States: Exploring Older Adults’ Views of Service Coordination
Authors: Abiad Alia , Graupner Jeffrey , Kroplewski Renée , Gleason Lauren J , Thompson Katherine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Low-income older adults face many barriers to healthy aging, including housing cost burden. Publicly subsidized rental units for older adults are one affordable housing option; these typically have a service coordinator who helps tenants access community resources. Previous research has indicated that service coordinators can support resident health. However, little is known about older adults’ perspectives on service coordination. Our study aimed to explore how older adults living in subsidized housing perceive the relationship between service coordinators and healthy aging.

Research Design and Methods
We conducted five focus group discussions with residents of three subsidized housing communities for older adults, all in medically underserved urban areas. Participants, 48 in total, were asked about barriers to healthy aging, resources for healthy aging, and what role, if any, service coordinators play in supporting healthy aging. Content analysis was used to identify themes emerging from the data.

Results
Data analysis yielded 90 codes and sub-codes falling under four themes: challenges in healthy aging, assets for healthy aging, perceptions of service coordinator role, and suggestions for improvement. Across focus groups, participants highlighted that service coordinators can connect residents to health-related assets. Participants also desired future opportunities to make their perspectives on healthy aging heard.

Discussion and Implications
Service coordinators are important, under-recognized collaborators for older adult health. Future healthcare interventions and policies should seek to support service coordinators and leverage their ability to connect older adults with healthcare professionals and community services.