bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Ferritin Levels in Parkinson's Disease Patients with and without Restless Legs Syndrome
Authors: Muntean Maria‐Lucia , Sixel‐Döring Friederike , Trenkwalder Claudia 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe frequency of RLS in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients has been reported to be between 10% and 26%. Several hypotheses have sought to link these two diseases; however, the pathophysiology of RLS in PD patients has yet to be completely defined. Many patients with idiopathic RLS have low serum ferritin levels, which negatively influence RLS symptomatology. Our objective was to investigate the role of iron deficiency in PD patients with and without RLS.MethodsWe consecutively included 42 PD inpatients undergoing pharmacological treatment. Patients with anemia, renal insufficiency, or polyneuropathy were excluded from the study. The control group consisted of 42 PD inpatients without RLS (PD‐nonRLS), matched for age and severity of PD. RLS was diagnosed clinically according to diagnostic criteria. Serum ferritin levels were measured at admission for all patients.ResultsMean serum ferritin values were 142.20 ± 91.17 ng/dL for PD patients with RLS (PD+RLS) and 160.65 ± 142.57 ng/dL in PD‐nonRLS (P = 0.704). There was no difference concerning the total dopaminergic dose (levodopa equivalent dose) between PD+RLS and PD‐nonRLS patients (828.22 ± 389.02 vs. 775.32 ± 324.69 mg; P = 0.501). The frequency of dopamine agonist (DA) use did not differ between the two groups (P = 0.306).ConclusionsThere were no significant differences in serum ferritin levels between PD+RLS and PD‐nonRLS in our study. This suggests a different pathophysiology of RLS in PD patients, where iron deficiency is not necessarily observed. DA use was not found to be associated with the occurrence of RLS symptoms.
Viel mehr als nur Gummi
Authors: Katzenberg Frank , Tiller Joerg C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractVernetzung von Naturkautschuk ergibt Gummi — das erkannte Charles Goodyear vor 170 Jahren. Aber zudem ist Naturkautschuk bei sehr geringen Vernetzungsgraden ein Formgedächtnispolymer, das einige verblüffende Eigenschaften hat.
Enantiomere auf Mars, Monden und Kometen
Authors: Schurig Volker 
Published: June 2015

AbstractChirasil‐Stationärphasen trennen Enantiomere gaschromatographisch. Die Weltraumforschung geht mit ihnen auf Spurensuche nach extraterrestrischem Leben und dem Ursprung der Homochiralität auf der Erde. Beispiele aus Rosetta‐ und Mars‐Weltraummissionen.
Schwermetallanalyse ohne falsch positive Ergebnisse
Authors: Hupach Sascha , Knoop Jan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractEines der meistverwendeten Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Metallen ist die Atomabsorptionsspektroskopie. Allerdings können Interferenzen zu fehlerhaften Ergebnissen führen. Verfahren zur Untergrundkompensation stellen hier korrekte Befunde sicher.
Lehrinhalte in technischer Chemie
Authors: Klemm Elias , Leitner Walter , Wagemann Kurt 
Published: June 2015

AbstractMit neuen Prozessen und veränderten Rohstoffen haben sich in den letzten Jahren auch die Aufgaben von Chemikern in der Industrie verändert. Daher hat die Dechema ihre Empfehlungen für die Lehre in technischer Chemie an Hochschulen überarbeitet und zusammengestellt, welches Prozesswissen heute alle Chemiker brauchen.
Convex solubility parameters for polymers
Authors: Howell Jason S. , Stephens Benjamin O. , Boucher David S. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTSolubility parameters are certain measurable quantities that are observed to influence the ability of a solvent to fully dissolve a polymer. Current theory partitions the intermolecular forces between dispersion, polar, and hydrogen bonding interactions, thereby generating a three‐dimensional solubility parameter space. The Hansen solubility parameters of a polymer are taken to be the center of a sphere obtained from the best fit of the coordinates of good solvents in the parameter space. Investigations of several polymers (lignin, polyethersulfone, and bitumen) show that the convex hull of all known good solvents in the three‐dimensional parameter space also gives a meaningful interpretation of the solubility region. Several methods for computing the convex solubility parameters of a polymer from the convex solubility region are described. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015, 53, 1089–1097
Assessing the need for psychooncological support: screening instruments in combination with patients' subjective evaluation may define psychooncological pathways
Authors: Schaeffeler N. , Pfeiffer K. , Ringwald J. , Brucker S. , Wallwiener M. , Zipfel S. , Teufel M. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackgroundCancer patients suffer from severe distress. About one third show mental comorbidities. Nevertheless, there is no common agreement on how to measure distress or identify patients in need for psychooncological services using screening questionnaires.Patients and methodsA sample of N = 206 patients with confirmed breast cancer, being inpatient for surgical treatment, filled in distress assessment instruments: Distress Thermometer, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire 2, Hornheider Screening Instrument and parts of the EORTC‐QLQ‐C30. Additionally, they were asked for their subjective need for psychooncological counselling.ResultsThe correlation between the assessment instruments is low to medium. The number of patients above the cut‐off criteria varies quite a lot according to the instrument (10% to 66%). Therefore, the congruence between the instruments' indications is quite low. Patients with and without subjective need do not differ in personal data but in distress scores.ConclusionsRecommended instruments for distress assessment in psychooncology measure different areas of distress. They do not sufficiently agree in indicating a patient's need for psychooncological treatment. Hence, one should neither compare results of studies using different assessment instruments nor implement a screening without reflecting the used instrument's characteristics compared to the others. The subjective need seems to provide additional information to the assessment. At present, the combination of an assessment instrument and patients' subjective need is seen as a best practice for identifying patients in need of psychooncological treatment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New methods for public key cryptosystems based on XTR
Authors: Akleylek Sedat , Kırlar Barış Bülent 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we propose novel deterministic and probabilistic public key cryptographic schemes based on an effective and compact subgroup trace representation cryptosystem to handle with the problem of secure and efficient communication between the server and resource‐constrained device. The proposed schemes use the hardness of the Trace‐discrete logarithmic like problem. We also show that the deterministic version of the proposed scheme is a one‐way trapdoor, and the probabilistic version of the proposed scheme is semantically secure. Moreover, we discuss the efficiency of the proposed schemes by comparing with effective and compact subgroup schemes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
17β‐Trenbolone exposure programs metabolic dysfunction in larval medaka
Authors: Mizukami‐Murata Satomi , Kishi‐Kadota Katsuyuki , Nishida Takashi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractHere, we used physiological and transcriptomic analyses to evaluate the effects of 17β‐trenbolone (TB) on metabolism during the early life stage of medaka (Oryzias latipes). In the physiological experiments, sex reversal rates increased continuously in proportion to TB concentrations (2–100 ng/L), and were 100% (all males) in the 200 ng/L treatment group. TB caused a significant increase in the gonadosomatic index of females at concentrations of 60 and 100 ng/L. These females exhibited swollen abdomens and decreased egg production and fertility. Significant increases were observed in the body mass index of these females. TB caused decreased fertility in males at concentrations >20 ng/L, but no other effects were observed. In the transcriptomic (microarray) experiments, larvae were exposed to TB for up to 7 d. Analyses using the KEGG Orthology Database revealed that predominant categories of significantly upregulated genes included “lipid metabolism” and “metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides.” Thirteen genes (including those for hydroxymethylglutaryl‐CoA synthase, cytoplasmic synthase, and lanosterol synthase) related to cholesterol biosynthesis via the mevalonate pathway were highlighted in these categories. Reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction analyses were consistent with the microarray results, in terms of the direction and magnitude of change to gene expression. Among the downregulated genes, angiopoietin‐like 4 and mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1, which are inversely correlated with obesity, were detected in the TB treatments. In conclusion, the results suggest that the exposure of females to TB during the early life stage may cause metabolic dysfunctions, including obesity and disrupted cholesterol synthesis. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1539–1551, 2016.
Mid‐gestation brain Doppler and head biometry in fetuses with congenital heart disease predict abnormal brain development at birth
Authors: Masoller N. , Sanz‐Cortés M. , Crispi F. , Gómez O. , Bennasar M. , Egaña‐Ugrinovic G. , Bargalló N. , Martínez J. M. , Gratacós E. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTObjectivesFetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD) show evidence of abnormal brain development before birth, which is thought to contribute to adverse neurodevelopment during childhood. Our aim was to evaluate whether brain development in late pregnancy can be predicted by fetal brain Doppler, head biometry and the clinical form of CHD at the time of diagnosis.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study including 58 fetuses with CHD, diagnosed at 20–24 weeks' gestation, and 58 normal control fetuses. At the time of diagnosis, we recorded fetal head circumference (HC), biparietal diameter, middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (MCA‐PI), cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) and brain perfusion by fractional moving blood volume. We classified cases into one of two clinical types defined by the expected levels (high or low) of placental (well‐oxygenated) blood perfusion, according to the anatomical defect. All fetuses underwent subsequent 3T‐magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 36–38 weeks' gestation.ResultsAbnormal prenatal brain development was defined by a composite score including any of the following findings on MRI: total brain volume <  10th centile, parietoccipital or cingulate fissure depth <  10th centile or abnormal metabolic profile in the frontal lobe. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that MCA‐PI (odds ratio (OR), 12.7; P = 0.01), CPR (OR, 8.7; P = 0.02) and HC (OR, 6.2; P = 0.02) were independent predictors of abnormal neurodevelopment; however, the clinical type of CHD was not.ConclusionsFetal brain Doppler and head biometry at the time of CHD diagnosis are independent predictors of abnormal brain development at birth, and could be used in future algorithms to improve counseling and targeted interventions. Copyright © 2015 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Characterization of the non‐sexual flocculation of fission yeast cells that results from the deletion of ribosomal protein L32
Authors: Liu Zhonghua , Li Rongpeng , Dong Qing , Bian Lezhi , Li Xuesong , Yuan Sheng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractWe recently reported that deleting either of the two paralogous rpl32 genes resulted in non‐sexual flocculation in fission yeast. This study represents the first report that these non‐sexually flocculating fission yeast cells exhibit a thicker cell wall, an increased wall protein content with smeared glycosylated wall proteins, and increased cell wall polysaccharide content and adhesin‐binding sugar residues (i.e. glucose, mannose and galactose). These changes reflect the wall features of flocculating cells that mediate recognition and connections between cells. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that this non‐sexual flocculation is an adhesin‐mediated process: (a) the transcription levels of several members of the Mam3/Map4 family of adhesins (i.e. PFL3, PFL7 and PFL6) and a Flo11‐like adhesin protein are upregulated in rpl32‐1Δ and rpl32‐2Δ cells; (b) this non‐sexual flocculation of rpl32‐1Δ and rpl32‐2Δ cells was eliminated by heating or enzyme digestion; (c) this non‐sexual flocculation of rpl32‐1Δ and rpl32‐2Δ cells was enhanced by Ca2+ and some other divalent metal ions, which stabilize the active conformation of adhesins; and (d) this non‐sexual flocculation of rpl32‐1Δ and rpl32‐2Δ cells was competitively inhibited by glucose, galactose or mannose rather than only by galactose, as reported previously. Although different adhesin genes are selectively expressed under particular physiological or environmental conditions, the functions of these adhesins are the same and are interchangeable. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New insights into the toxicity mechanism of octanoic and decanoic acids on Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Borrull Anna , López‐Martínez Gema , Poblet Montse , Cordero‐Otero Ricardo , Rozès Nicolas 
Published: June 2015

AbstractOctanoic (C8) and decanoic (C10) acids are produced in hypoxic conditions by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as by‐products of its metabolism and are considered fermentation inhibitors in the presence of ethanol at acidic pH. This study aims to broaden our understanding of the physiological limits between toxicity and ester production in yeast cells. To this end, the non‐inhibitory concentration (NIC) and maximum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were first established for C8 and C10 at physiological pH (5.8) without ethanol. The results showed that when these acids were added to culture medium at these values, they tended to accumulate in different cellular fractions of the yeast. While C8 was almost entirely located in the cell wall fraction, C10 was found in the endocellular fraction. Cell fatty acid detoxification was also different; while the esterification of fatty acids was more efficient in the case of C10, the peroxisome was activated regardless of which fatty acid was added. Furthermore, the study of the Pdr12 and Tpo1 transporters that evolved during the detoxification process revealed that C8 was mostly expelled by the Pdr12 carrier, which was related to higher β‐oxidative damage in the presence of endocellular C10. C10 is more toxic at lower concentrations than C8. Although they are produced by yeast, the resulting intracellular medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs) caused a level of toxicity which promoted cell death. However, MCFAs are involved in the production of beverage flavours. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two Self‐assembled Water Clusters Stabilized by Cu‐containing Compounds Based on MoO42–
Authors: Kuang Ye , Yang Bing , Pan Jiali , Meng Xianggao , Xiao Fengping 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTwo copper‐containing compounds based on MoO42–, [Cu4(phen)4(μ2‐OH)2(μ3‐OH)2(H2O)2][MoO4]2·10H2O (1) and [Cu(phen)2Mo2O7(phen)]·8H2O (2) (phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline), were hydrothermally synthesized. In the crystal lattices of 1 and 2, discrete octameric water cycles and 2D layer water clusters were observed. The cyclic water octamer clusters exist stably in the channels constructed by [Cu4(phen)4(OH)4(H2O)2]2+ and MoO42– by hydrogen bonds in 1 at low temperature and 2D layer water clusters are formed by (H2O)16 units in 2.
Influence of Valence Electron Concentration on Laves Phases: Structures and Phase Stability of Pseudo‐Binary MgZn2–xPdx
Authors: Thimmaiah Srinivasa , Miller Gordon J. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA series of pseudo‐binary compounds MgZn2–xPdx (0.15 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) were synthesized and structurally characterized to understand the role of valence electron concentration (vec) on the prototype Laves phase MgZn2 with Pd‐substitution. Three distinctive phase regions were observed with respect to Pd content, all exhibiting fundamental Laves phase structures: 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.3 (MgNi2‐type, hP24; MgZn1.80Pd0.20(2)), 0.4 ≤ x ≤ 0.6 (MgCu2‐type, cF24; MgZn1.59Pd0.41(2)), and 0.62 ≤ x ≤ 0.8 (MgZn2‐type, hP12: MgZn1.37Pd0.63(2)). Refinements from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction indicated nearly statistical distributions of Pd and Zn atoms among the majority atom sites in these structures. Interestingly, the MgZn2‐type structure re‐emerges in MgZn2–xPdx at x ≈ 0.7 with the refined composition MgZn1.37(2)Pd0.63 and a c/a ratio of 1.59 compared to 1.64 for binary MgZn2. Electronic structure calculations on a model “MgZn1.25Pd0.75” yielded a density of states (DOS) curve showing enhancement of a pseudogap at the Fermi level as a result of electronic stabilization due to the Pd addition. Moreover, integrated crystal orbital Hamilton population (ICOHP) values show significant increases of orbital interactions for (Zn,Pd)–(Zn,Pd) atom pairs within the majority atom substructure, i.e., within the Kagomé nets as well as between a Kagomé net and an apical site, from binary MgZn2 to the ternary “MgZn1.25Pd0.75”. Multi‐centered bonding is evident from electron localization function (ELF) plots for “MgZn1.25Pd0.75”, an outcome which is in accordance with analysis of other Laves phases.
Safety and Hemostatic Effectiveness of the Fibrin Pad for Severe Soft‐Tissue Bleeding During Abdominal, Retroperitoneal, Pelvic, and Thoracic (Non‐cardiac) Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled, Superiority Trial
Authors: Koea Jonathan , Baldwin Peter , Shen Jessica , Patel B. , Batiller Jonathan , Arnaud Axel , Hart James , Hammond Jeffrey , Fischer Craig , James Garden O. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractBackground
In surgery, rapid hemostasis can be required in various settings and bleeding intensities to minimize complications related to blood loss. While effective hemostats are available for mild‐to‐moderate surgical bleeding, few are effective against challenging severe hemorrhage. We report the effectiveness and safety of the fibrin pad (FP), a novel combination hemostat (device/human biologic), in controlling severe soft‐tissue bleeding as compared to the standard of care (SoC).MethodsThis randomized, controlled, superiority study enrolled subjects ≥18 years, requiring elective abdominal, retroperitoneal, pelvic, or thoracic (non‐cardiac) surgery. A severe target bleeding site (TBS) was identified intra‐operatively following which, subjects were randomized to the FP or the SoC group. Hemostatic status was observed at 4 min (primary endpoint) and 10 min post‐randomization. Safety variables included TBS‐related bleeding and thrombotic events.ResultsAt 4 min post‐randomization, 50/59 (84.7 %) subjects in the FP group and 16/32 (50 %) subjects in the SoC group achieved hemostasis without needing re‐treatment (P < 0.0001). Compared to the SoC group, the FP group showed better hemostasis at 10 min post‐randomization [58/59 (98.3 %) vs. 28/32 (87.5 %); P = 0.01], lower mean time to hemostasis (6.1 ± 13.5 vs. 17.8 ± 32.0 min), and a less frequent need for re‐treatment (5.1 vs. 53.1 %). The triangular test for binary response demonstrated the FP to be superior to SoC (95 % CI 1.474–3.290; P < 0.0001). Safety profiles in both groups were similar to those typically observed after long‐duration surgery.ConclusionThe FP is safe and superior to SoC for controlling challenging severe soft‐tissue bleeding encountered during intra‐abdominal and thoracic surgical procedures.
A radiographic study of the distal femoral epiphysis
Authors: Nguyen Cynthia V. , Greene Janelle D. , Cooperman Daniel R. , Liu Raymond W. 
Published: June 2015

Purpose Previous studies have described the complex undulation pattern in the distal femoral physis. We investigated whether standard radiographs can visualize these landmarks, in order to guide hardware placement in the distal immature femur. Methods We studied 36 cadaveric immature femora in specimens 3 to 18 years of age. Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiographs were obtained with and without flexible radiodense markers placed on the major undulations and were analyzed to determine the relative height or depth of each topographical landmark. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated between measurements taken with and without markers for each undulation on each view. Results Examination of the specimens confirmed a central peak and anteromedial and posterolateral valleys as the major physeal structures. AP radiographs without markers correlated well with marked AP radiographs for all three landmarks (ICC = 0.92, 0.92, 0.91), but the lateral radiographs had lower correlations for the posterolateral valley (ICC = 0.36). The correlation between AP and lateral radiographs without markers on the posterolateral valley was also decreased compared to the other two landmarks (ICC = 0.28 versus 0.57 for the central ridge and 0.62 for the anteromedial valley). Conclusions This is the first study to rigorously evaluate radiographic visibility of the distal femur physeal undulations. The position of the central ridge, anteromedial valley, and posterolateral valley are reliably seen on AP radiographs, while the lateral view is less consistent, especially for the posterolateral valley. We recommend that caution should be taken when placing screws near the posterolateral aspect of the epiphysis, as lateral views do not visualize those undulations well.
Microscale study of frictional properties of graphene in ultra high vacuum
Authors: Marchetto Diego , Feser Tim , Dienwiebel Martin 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
We report on the frictional properties of epitaxial graphene on SiC in ultra high vacuum. Measurements have been performed using a microtribometer in the load regime of 0.5 to 1 mN. We observed that a ruby sphere sliding against graphene results in very low friction coefficients ranging from 0.02 to 0.05. The friction and also the stability of the graphene layer is higher than that under similar conditions in ambient conditions. The friction shows a load dependence. Finally it was found that graphene masks the frictional anisotropy which was observed on the SiC surface.
Impact of adolescent peer aggression on later educational and employment outcomes in an Australian cohort
Authors: Moore Sophie E. , Scott James G. , Thomas Hannah J. , Sly Peter D. , Whitehouse Andrew J.O. , Zubrick Stephen R. , Norman Rosana E. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThis study used prospective birth cohort data to analyse the relationship between peer aggression at 14 years of age and educational and employment outcomes at 17 years (N = 1091) and 20 years (N = 1003). Participants from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) study were divided into mutually exclusive categories of peer aggression. Involvement in peer aggression was reported by 40.2% (10.1% victims; 21.4% perpetrators; 8.7% victim–perpetrators) of participants. Participants involved in any form of peer aggression were less likely to complete secondary school. Perpetrators and victim–perpetrators of peer aggression were more likely to be in the ‘No Education, Employment or Training’ group at 20 years of age. This association was explained by non‐completion of secondary school. These findings demonstrate a robust association between involvement in peer aggression and non‐completion of secondary school, which in turn was associated with an increased risk of poor educational and employment outcomes in early adulthood.