bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Ginkgo biloba on parameters in glaucoma: A systematic review
Authors: Prinz Julia , Prokosch Verena , Wang Xiaosha , Feng Yuan , Walter Peter , Fuest Matthias , Migliorini Filippo 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
This study aims to analyse the efficacy of GBE administration in patients with glaucoma and healthy volunteers.

Methods
This systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. All clinical studies investigating the efficacy of GBE administration on the intraocular pressure (IOP), the corrected pattern standard deviation (CPSD) and the mean deviation of visual field testing, and heart rate were considered. The weighted mean difference (MD) effect measure, 95% confidence interval (CI), and t-test were used for continuous variables.

Results
Data from 8 studies, including 428 patients, were retrieved. The mean age of all patients was 51.1 ± 15.5 years. The median follow-up was 3.7 (IQR 9.4) months. The administration of GBE was not associated with an improvement in IOP (MD -1.5; 95%CI -7.1 to 9.6; P = 0.5), mean deviation (MD 0.7; 95%CI -9.4 to 8.2; P = 0.8), CPSD (MD -1.6; 95%CI -3.8 to 6.9; P = 0.5), or heart rate (MD -2.5; 95%CI -11.5 to 16.5; P = 0.4) from baseline to the last follow-up. There was no difference between GBE versus the control group in IOP (MD 1.1; 95%CI -5.7 to 3.5; P = 0.4), mean deviation (MD -0.4; 95%CI -9.1 to 9.9; P = 0.9), CPSD (MD 0.3; 95%CI -6.8 to 6.2; P = 0.9), and heart rate (MD -1.3; 95%CI -15.1 to 17.7; P = 0.8) at the last follow-up.

Conclusion
Currently, the evidence is not sufficient to conclude that GBE affects IOP, mean deviation, CPSD, or heart rate in glaucoma patients and healthy volunteers. These conclusions must be interpreted with caution given the limitations of the reviewed studies, particularly the follow-up time of the included studies.
Exploring Student-Centered Learning as a Tool to Prevent Radicalization in Islamic Junior Schools: A Case Study of Indonesia and Bangladesh
Authors: Sekar Ayu Aryani  , Waston  , Mahmudulhasan  , Erham Budi Wiranto  , Ahmad Asroni  , Siti Fauziah  , Muhamad Yusup  
Published: February 2025

Purpose – The peace and stability of society are seriously threatened by youth radicalization, particularly in educational environments. This study examines how critical thinking, inclusion, and active student involvement in Student-Centered Learning (SCL) can prevent radicalization in Islamic junior schools in Indonesia and Bangladesh. Through problem-solving and open communication, SCL exposes students to a variety of viewpoints and fosters critical thinking, which lessens their vulnerability to extremist beliefs.
Design/methods/approach – Employing qualitative techniques, such as teacher and student interviews, the research delves into the distinct implementation obstacles of SCL in each nation.
Findings – Results show that although SCL promotes respect for one another and critical thinking, its efficacy is limited by a systemic dependence on conventional techniques, a lack of resources, and inadequate teacher preparation.
Research implications/limitations – The study emphasizes how important it is to have resources, support at the policy level, and professional development in order to adequately utilize SCL as a deterrent to radicalization. For educational policymakers and groups seeking to establish safe and welcoming learning environments in Bangladesh, Indonesia, and other comparable countries, these findings provide insightful information.
The digital-intercultural-transdisciplinary nexus: Online international exchanges for transdisciplinary education
Authors: Tsao Jack , Alhadad Sakinah , Heinrichs Danielle , Abdul Hameed Suraiya , McLay Katherine 
Published: February 2025

Transdisciplinary problem-solving using digital technologies can further the internationalisation agenda within higher education through an inquiry-based collaborative online international exchange that is transformative and contributes real-world knowledge. Our study focused on a 12-week fully online programme bringing together undergraduates and postgraduates from a Hong Kong university and two Australian universities to research the well-being of university students. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of field and habitus, we analysed the implementation and effectiveness of digital technologies in influencing the students’ experiences of sharing, learning and collaboration practices. The findings highlight the significance of online learning spaces for intercultural sharing beyond disciplinary spaces and generate tensions and ambiguities that provoke students to critically reflect on comparative cultural and social perspectives. This space for educational exploration and possibilities can move students beyond the taken-for-granted and expose them to diverse viewpoints and ways of thinking conducive to transdisciplinary learning and research.

Implications for practice or policy:

Higher education institutions and educators can leverage purposefully designed digital technologies and structured online exchange programmes to create equitable international and transdisciplinary collaboration and inquiry spaces.
Educators can use multimodal digital technologies, such as collaborative platforms (e.g., Miro, Canva) and creative methods (e.g., digital storytelling, body mapping) for students to engage with ambiguity, negotiate cross-cultural tensions and build critical self-awareness in collaborative settings.
Higher education institution policies can support students as co-creators of knowledge.
Role of complex energy and momentum in open cavity resonances
Authors: Kang DongJun , Jeon Eun Su , Yoo SeokJae 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Complex power, also known as alternating current (AC) power, is a well-established concept in an electric circuit composed of resistive and reactive elements. On the other hand, the role of complex power in optics has been elusive. In this work, we reveal that the complex energy and momentum determine the resonance frequency and the decay rate of open cavity resonance, the so-called quasinormal modes (QNMs), respectively. We also demonstrate the role of the complex energy and momentum in typical open cavities analytically and numerically: the Fabry–Perot cavity, the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), the plasmonic nanorod, the nanosphere, and the dielectric supercavity.
Statistical separation of mixtures in the problem of reconstructing the coefficients of an Itô stochastic process-type model of the interplanetary magnetic flux density: ℓ
2-distance minimization vs likelihood maximization
Authors: Karpov Kirill , Korolev Victor , Sukhareva Natalia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Two approaches to the problem of statistical separation of finite mixtures of probability distributions are discussed. The first of them consists in finding maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of the mixture by the EM-algorithm, whereas the second approach consists in finding the values of the parameters that deliver minimum to the distance between the theoretical and empirical distribution functions. It is demonstrated that the second approach is preferable at least in the problem of statistical reconstruction of the coefficients of an Itô stochastic process that requires dynamic separation of finite normal mixtures in the moving window mode. For this problem, the performance of the numerical procedures is critical. A combination of numerical procedures is described that provides (almost) the same value of the likelihood function for the second approach that is attained by the EM-algorithm, but ensures multiple decrease of the ℓ
2-distance between the theoretical mixture and the empirical distribution function while demonstrating better performance. A kind of ‘metric’ regularization of the problem of likelihood maximization is proposed. The proposed techniques are illustrated by adjusting the Itô process model to the time series of the interplanetary magnetic field (magnetic flux density) registered by the Global Geospace Science (GGS) Wind apparatus (the spacecraft placed in the Lagrange point between the Earth and the Sun).
On a semi-explicit fourth-order vector compact scheme for the acoustic wave equation
Authors: Zlotnik Alexander , Lomonosov Timofey 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We deal with an initial-boundary value problem for the multidimensional acoustic wave equation, with the variable speed of sound. For a three-level semi-explicit in time higher-order vector compact scheme, we prove conditional stability and derive 4th-order error bound in the enlarged energy norm. It exploits additional sought functions which approximate 2nd-order non-mixed spatial derivatives of the exact solution. At the first time level, a similar two-level in time scheme is applied, without using derivatives of the data in the problem. No iterations are required to implement the scheme. We also present results of various 3D numerical experiments. They demonstrate a very high accuracy of the scheme, for smooth data, and its advantages in the error behavior over the classical explicit 2nd-order scheme, for nonsmooth data. An example of the wave in a layered medium (with a discontinuous speed of sound) initiated by the Ricker-type wavelet source function is also included.
Reducing tinnitus via inhibitory influence of the sensorimotor system on auditory cortical activity
Authors: Sabados Anne , Kim Cora , Rampp Stefan , Bergherr Elisabeth , Buchfelder Michael , Schnell Oliver , Müller-Voggel Nadia 
Published: February 2025

Tinnitus is the subjective perception of a sound in absence of corresponding external acoustic stimuli. Research highlights the influence of the sensorimotor system on tinnitus perception. Associated neuronal processes, however, are insufficiently understood and it remains unclear how and at which hierarchical level the sensorimotor system interacts with the tinnitus-processing auditory system. We therefore asked 23 patients suffering from chronic tinnitus (11 males) to perform specific exercises, aimed at relaxing or tensing the jaw area, which temporarily modulated tinnitus perception. Associated neuronal processes were assessed using Magnetencephalography. Results show that chronic tinnitus patients experienced their tinnitus as weaker and less annoying after completion of relaxing compared to tensing exercises. Furthermore, (1) sensorimotor alpha power and alpha-band connectivity directed from the somatosensory to the auditory cortex increased, and (2) gamma power in the auditory cortex, reduced, which (3) related to reduced tinnitus annoyance perception on a trial-by-trial basis in the relaxed state. No effects were revealed for 23 control participants without tinnitus (6 males) performing the same experiment. We conclude that the increase in directed alpha-band connectivity from somatosensory to auditory cortex is most likely reflecting the transmission of inhibition from somatosensory to auditory cortex during relaxation, where concurrently tinnitus-related gamma power reduces. We suggest that revealed neuronal processes are transferable to other tinnitus modulating systems beyond the sensorimotor one that are e.g. involved in attentional or emotional tinnitus modulation and provide deeper mechanistic insights into how and through which channels phantom sound perception might be modulated on a neuronal level.Significance StatementTinnitus describes the perception of auditory phantom sounds. Research suggests that the sensorimotor system impacts on tinnitus perception, associated neuronal mechanisms, however, have remained unclear. Here, chronic tinnitus patients performed exercises with the jaw temporarily reducing (versus increasing) tinnitus perception. Tinnitus reduction was accompanied by an increase of alpha-band connectivity directed from the somatosensory to the auditory cortex and gamma power reduction in the auditory cortex. We suggest that the increase in alpha-band connectivity, when tinnitus is reduced, reflects the transmission of inhibition from somatosensory to auditory cortex, where, in parallel, probably tinnitus-related, gamma power reduces. The findings have important implications both for the understanding of phantom sound perception and, more generally, of top-down modulation in healthy and impaired cognition.
Increased Modulation of Low-frequency Cardiac Rhythms on Resting-state Left Insula Alpha Oscillations in Major Depressive Disorder: Evidence from A Magnetoencephalography Study
Authors: Liao Qian , Dai Zhongpeng , Pei Cong , Zhang Han , Hua Lingling , Zhou Hongliang , Sheng Junling , Yao Zhijian , Lu Qing 
Published: February 2025

A growing body of evidence suggests that the link between the cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the central nervous system (CNS) is crucial to the onset and development of major depressive disorder (MDD), affecting perception, cognition, and emotional processing. The bottom-up heart-brain communication pathway plays a significant role in this process. Previous studies have shown that slow-frequency oscillations of peripheral signals (e.g., respiration, stomach) can influence faster neural activities in the CNS via phase-amplitude coupling (PAC). However, the understanding of heart-brain coupling remains limited. Additionally, while MDD patients exhibit altered brain activity patterns, little is known about how heart rate variability (HRV) affects brain oscillations. Therefore, we used PAC to investigate heart-brain coupling and its association with depression. We recorded MEG and ECG data from 55 MDD patients (35 females) and 52 healthy subjects (28 females) at rest and evaluated heart-brain PAC at a broad-band level. The results showed that the low-frequency component of HRV (HRV-LF) significantly modulated MEG alpha power (10 Hz) in humans. Compared to the healthy group, the MDD group exhibited more extensive heart-brain coupling cortical networks, including the pars triangularis. LF-alpha coupling was observed in the bilateral insula in both groups. Notably, results revealed a significantly increased sympathetic-dominated HRV-LF modulation effect on left insula alpha oscillations, along with increased depressive severity. These findings suggest that MDD patients may attempt to regulate their internal state through enhanced heart-brain modulation, striving to restore normal physiological and psychological balance.Significance StatementThe afferent pathway from the heart plays a pivotal role in conveying information to the brain. This process involves the transmission of signals related to the physiological state of the heart. Our understanding of this pathway and its association with major depressive disorders (MDD) remains limited. In this study, the low-frequency component of heart rate variability (HRV-LF) was found to modulate neural activity during rest, revealing a bottom-up information transmission mechanism between the cardiac ANS and the CNS. Alterations in the LF-alpha coupling pattern were observed in patients with MDD, suggesting this as a potential neurobiological mechanism behind their altered interoception, which might affect the perception and emotional processing.
Effectiveness of Water Bamboo as Phytoremediation Agent BOD and COD Leachate
Authors: Ihtiar Ade , Ulfah Maria , Kaswinarni Fibria 
Published: February 2025

Leachate is a liquid with an unpleasant odor and dark color that generally contains high organic and inorganic matter. High levels of organic and inorganic matter in leachate will potentially cause environmental pollution if not treated properly. One of the efforts that can be made to overcome these problems is with phytoremediation techniques. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of water bamboo (Equisetum hymale) as a phytoremediation agent of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) leachate of Jatibarang landfill. This study used experimental research with a one-factorial Complete Randomized Design (RAL) design with three treatments (P0 without water bamboo, P1 750 gr water bamboo, and P2 1000 gr water bamboo). Based on the results of research shows that water bamboo plants can reduce BOD and COD levels. The decrease in leachate BOD levels was caused by the phytoremediation process by water bamboo during the study, where the organic matter content in leachate would be degraded by microorganisms. Meanwhile, COD levels decreased due to the chemical oxidation reaction process and phytoremediation process that runs side by side. The effectiveness of reducing BOD levels most optimally occurred in treatment P2 on day 7 of treatment, which was 28.42%; while the percentage of effectiveness of reducing COD levels most optimally occurred in treatment P2 on day 7 of treatment, which was 39.14%
The Impact of data-driven learning on the improvement of grammatical proficiency in the ESL classroom environment
Authors: Sultana Sabina , Singh Manvender Kaur Sarjit , Islam Rabiul , Hajimia Hafizah 
Published: February 2025

Corpus-based data-driven learning (DDL) is an innovative approach that utilises electronic text collections for linguistic analysis, thereby enhancing teaching practices and learning skills for ESL/EFL students. This innovative method surpasses traditional language teaching approaches. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of incorporating corpora in teaching grammatical constructs, specifically subject-verb agreement rules for ESL/EFL students. Furthermore, it examined ESL/EFL students' perceptions of using corpora for grammar instruction. A mixed method research design was employed, collecting both quantitative and qualitative data through triangulation methods. Data collection involved written essays, two timed writing tasks (a pretest and posttest), and an individual semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using rubrics and paired samples t-tests, while thematic analyses were applied to the qualitative data. The analysis of the essays revealed that the students made errors in subject-verb agreement. The paired sample t-test revealed a statistically significant p-value (.0010.05), indicating a notable improvement in the students' mastery of subject verb agreement rules after receiving DDL instruction. In addition, qualitative interview responses indicated that participants held positive opinions about learning through the DDL approach. They described it as enjoyable, fascinating, and challenging, and believed it to be an effective method for acquiring new grammatical skills. The study concluded with recommendations for English Language Teaching (ELT) instructors and curriculum designers.
Unveiling English language education policies across primary and secondary levels in ASEAN
Authors: Emilia Emi , Siagian Esra Nelvi Manutur , Novianti Nita , Dwiyana Rina , Muniroh R. Dian Dia-an , Fikrianto Misbah 
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a small part of the results of a bigger research project carried out under the cooperation between Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia and SEAMEO (Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization) Regional Centre for QITEP (Quality Improvement of Teachers and Education Personnel) in Language conducted during 2021-2023. The study, unique in its scale and scope, investigates language policy in ASEAN countries involving eleven experts of foreign language teaching and 4,219 students from all ASEAN countries. This paper presents only data on English language education policy in ASEAN, obtained from a Google forms questionnaire addressing foreign language education policy, and a focus group discussion involving eleven language teaching and policy experts in ASEAN countries. The qualitative analysis identified two key themes, including the existence of law on English and their application in primary and secondary education. The results show that all ASEAN countries have distinct legal frameworks for English education, positioning English as the dominant foreign language. While most countries mandate English as a compulsory subject at primary and secondary levels, some also prioritize other foreign languages like French and Portuguese. English frequently serves as a medium of instruction (EMI) alongside local languages, reflecting innovative bilingual and multilingual policy approaches. This study uniquely highlights how ASEAN countries balance the global importance of English with preserving local linguistic identities. It underscores the need for policies that support multilingualism, equitable access to quality education, and culturally responsive pedagogy in diverse contexts, offering new insights into the intersection of language policy and educational equity.
Earthquake Source Parameter Estimation Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing and Frequency Wavenumber Scaling
Authors: Lior Itzhak 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) holds great promise for seismic moment and stress-drop estimation owing to its dense spatial sampling that fosters advanced array processing techniques and the ability to average source parameter estimates along a sensing optical fiber. The main caveat in this application lies in the measurand: Although source parameter estimation requires ground motions, DAS measures strain, and data conversion is usually required. In this study, I use a strain rate to ground acceleration conversion approach in the frequency–wavenumber domain and show that it can be directly used to obtain acceleration amplitude spectra (AS). This approach is found to be equivalent to spatial integration without a colocated seismometer. The approach is applied to 44 earthquakes recorded by an optical fiber in Israel. Converted acceleration AS were calculated using short-fiber segments and fitted with a source model to estimate source parameters. Within-event parameter variabilities are found to be similar for DAS and accelerometer-derived source parameters. DAS-derived magnitudes and stress drops are slightly higher than accelerometer-derived parameters, with average DAS and accelerometer stress drops of 16.1 and 4.1 MPa, respectively. Stress drops appear to increase with seismic moment, probably due to the limited frequency range of the source parameter inversion. The results demonstrate the great potential of DAS for source studies.
Thyroid dysfunction and its impact on semen quality
Authors: Khanam Deeba , Anjum Shaheen 
Published: February 2025

Male infertility is arising as a major problem in past few years. Decline in semen quality is one of the main reasons. Hormones play important role in regulation of male reproductive function by influencing spermatogenesis, and in that context Thyroid hormones have apivotal role to play.Thus, in present study effect of thyroid abnormalities on semen quality was explored. To evaluate the effect of Thyroid dysfunction on male fertility.Hundred Semen samples from the males of infertile couple attending the infertility clinic JNMCH AMU were collected in the year 2020-2022 for detailed Semen analysis after proper consent. Simultaneously thyroid status was evaluated in the study group. The effect of Thyroid dysfunction on semen parameters was assessed using appropriate tests for both Quantitative and Qualitative variables. There was significant reduction in Total sperm Concentration, sperm motility and semen volume in subset of population with Hypothyroidism, however effect of Hyperthyroidism on sperm parameters was adverse but non-significant.