bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies for restoration of single implants and use of cross‐pin retained restorations by Australian prosthodontists
Authors: Sambrook RJ , Judge RB , Abuzaar MA 
Published: September 2012

AbstractBackground:  Implant supported restorations (ISRs) for the single implant may be cement retained or screw retained. Limited scientific evidence exists to support the superiority of a retention type for either implant or prosthetic success. The aim of this study was to assess preferences of Australian prosthodontists when restoring single implants. In particular, clinical practices for cross‐pin retained implant supported restorations for a single implant were investigated.Methods:  A written questionnaire comprised of seven questions, some of which had multiple parts and of both open‐ and closed‐format, was sent to 124 Australian prosthodontists. The questionnaire asked recipients to identify: (1) their preference for retention choice when restoring a single implant; (2) the frequency of use; and (3) clinical practice when restoring a cross‐pin retained restoration.Results:  Seventy‐seven per cent of respondents indicated that direct to fixture (DTF) retention was their first preference. DTF retention was also the most frequently employed restoration for single implants. Respondents indicated that cross‐pinned ISRs are employed to maintain retrievability or when DTF is not possible. The majority of respondents indicated they always or sometimes use a gasket with cross‐pin retained restorations, though gasket type varied. Thirty‐eight respondents (31%) indicated that they would never use a cross‐pinned retained restoration for a single ISR.Conclusions:  Australian prosthodontists prefer, and more frequently restore single implants, using DTF retention. Queensland prosthodontists prefer cement retained ISRs. In comparison, cross‐pinned restorations tend to be the least favoured and least used retention type. In addition, variation in opinion exists regarding the need for a gasket and type of gasket to be placed.
Mitigating for Growth: A Blueprint for a Ground Water Exchange Pilot Program in Montana
Authors: Ziemer Laura , Bates Sarah , Casey Meg , Montague Ada 
Published: September 2012

Abstract:Over the last decade, Montana's fastest growing basins have experienced a surge of reliance on a certain “permit‐exempt well loophole,” which enables small ground water diversions to avoid having to go through the regulatory process that determines whether the proposed use would adversely impact senior water users and ground water supply. This loophole has generated significant conflict with senior right owners in areas where exempt wells have provided water for large‐scale residential developments. As a partial solution, this article examines ground water mitigation exchanges designed to address similar issues in Washington and presents the 63rd Montana Legislature with recommendations for a Montana pilot project.
Pulmonary Vein Isolation Supported by MRI‐Derived 3D‐Augmented Biplane Fluoroscopy: A Feasibility Study and a Quantitative Analysis of the Accuracy of the Technique
Authors: BOURIER FELIX , VUKAJLOVIC DEJAN , BROST ALEXANDER , HORNEGGER JOACHIM , STROBEL NORBERT , KURZIDIM KLAUS 
Published: September 2012

MRI‐Derived 3D‐Augmented Biplane Fluoroscopy. Background: Despite the advancement of technology in electroanatomic mapping systems (EAMS), fluoroscopy remains a necessary, basic imaging modality for electrophysiology procedures. We present a feasibility study of new software that enables 3D‐augmented fluoroscopy in biplane catheterization laboratories for planning and guidance of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). The computer‐assisted overlay registration accuracy was assessed in a clinical setting using an automatic calculation of overlay projection geometry that was derived from hardware sensors in C‐arms, detectors, and patient table.Methods: Consecutive patients (n = 89) underwent left atrium (LA) magnetic resonance imaging MRI scan prior to PVI. Ideal ablation lines encircling the ipsilateral pulmonary veins (PVs) at antral level were drawn onto the segmented LA surface. The 3D‐model was superimposed onto biplane fluoroscopy and matched with angiographies of LA and PVs. Three‐dimensional‐overlay projection geometry was automatically calculated from C‐arm, detectors, and table sensors. Accuracy of technique was assessed as alignment of MRI‐derived 3D overlay and angiographic LA/PV anatomy. Integrity of registered overlay was quantified using landmark measurements.Results: Alignment offsets were 1.3 ± 1.5 mm in left PV, 1.2 ± 1.5 mm in right PV, and 1.1 ± 1.4 mm in LA roof region. Bravais–Pearson correlation of the landmark measurements was r = 0.978 (s < 0.01), mean offset between landmark distance measurements was 1.4 ± 0.78 mm. Average time needed for overlay registration was 9.5 ± 3.5 seconds.Conclusions: MRI‐derived 3D‐augmented fluoroscopy demonstrated a high level of accuracy when compared with LA/PV angiography. The new system could be especially useful to guide procedures not supported by EAMS, such as cryotechnique PVI. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 24, pp. 113‐120, February 2013)
Changes in Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women: Comparison Between a Calcium Channel Blocker vs Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Regimen
Authors: Hayoz Daniel , Zappe Dion H. , Meyer Marie A.R. , Baek InYoung , Kandra Albert , Joly Marie P. , Mazzolai Lucia , Haesler Erik , Periard Daniel 
Published: September 2012

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2012;14:773–778. ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Postmenopausal women are at greater risk for hypertension‐related cardiovascular disease. Antihypertensive therapy may help alleviate arterial stiffness that represents a potential modifiable risk factor of hypertension. This randomized controlled study investigated the difference between an angiotensin receptor blocker and a calcium channel blocker in reducing arterial stiffness. Overall, 125 postmenopausal hypertensive women (age, 61.4±6 years; systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure [SBP/DBP], 158±11/92±9 mm Hg) were randomized to valsartan 320 mg±hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) (n=63) or amlodipine 10 mg±HCTZ (n=62). The primary outcome was carotid‐to‐femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) changes after 38 weeks of treatment. Both treatments lowered peripheral blood pressure (BP) (−22.9/−10.9 mm Hg for valsartan and −25.2/−11.7 mm Hg for amlodipine, P=not significant) and central BP (−15.7/−7.6 mm Hg for valsartan and −19.2/−10.3 mm Hg for amlodipine, P<.05 for central DBP). Both treatments similarly reduced the carotid‐femoral PWV (−1.9 vs −1.7 m/s; P=not significant). Amlodipine was associated with a higher incidence of peripheral edema compared with the valsartan group (77% vs 14%, P<.001). BP lowering in postmenopausal women led to a reduction in arterial stiffness as assessed by PWV measurement. Both regimens reduced PWV to a similar degree after 38 weeks of treatment despite differences in central BP lowering, suggesting that the effect of valsartan on PWV is mediated through nonhemodynamic effects.
Visceral pain readouts in experimental medicine
Authors: Blackshaw L. A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractVisceral pain is studied at the level of the primary afferent fiber, spinal cord, subcortical, and cortical levels electrophysiologically and using brain imaging, which provides an objective measure of excitation at each level. However, correlation of these with actual perception of pain in conscious animal models has been problematic, and we rely on indirect measures in most preclinical research. The main method is electromyographic recording of abdominal muscle contractions in response to colorectal distension (CRD), which may reflect reflexes set up at several levels of the above pathway. Several experimental treatments for visceral pain have failed in clinical trials, possibly because of failure to translate from preclinical observations on CRD responses in animals to perception of spontaneous events in patients. Therefore, we need more objective outcomes. In this NGM issue, Hultin et al. show feasibility of routine recordings of cortical evoked electrical potentials (CEP) using implanted cranial electrodes in response to graded CRD in rats. CEP comprised three temporal components with latencies of approximately 20–50 ms, 90–180 ms, and 300 ms, which were reproducible and graded in intensity and latency with distension pressure. From this basic study it is clear that colorectal evoked potentials can be recorded reliably in awake rats and may serve as an objective marker for centrally projecting visceral sensory signals in rodents. It remains to be seen how these responses are affected by drugs under development for clinical management of visceral pain, and if there is improved translation.
Laser speckle contrast imaging: Multifractal analysis of data recorded in healthy subjects
Authors: Humeau‐Heurtier Anne , Mahé Guillaume , Durand Sylvain , Henrion Daniel , Abraham Pierre 
Published: September 2012

Purpose:The monitoring of microvascular blood flow can now be performed with laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), a new noninvasive laser‐based technique. LSCI images have good spatial and temporal resolutions. Nevertheless, from now, few processing of these data have been performed to have a better knowledge on their properties. We herein propose a multifractal analysis of LSCI data recorded in the forearm of healthy subjects, based on the method from Halseyet al., one of the popular methods using the box‐counting technique.Methods:In laser speckle contrast image time sequences, we studied time evolution of pixel values, as well as time evolution of pixel values averaged in regions of interest (ROI) of different sizes. The results are compared with the ones obtained with single‐point laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) signals recorded simultaneously to LSCI images.Results:Our work shows that, for the range of scales studied and with the method from Halseyet al., time evolution of pixel values present narrow multifractal spectra, reminding the ones of monofractal data. However, we observe that when LSCI pixel values are averaged in ROI large enough and followed with time, the multifractal spectra become larger and closer to the ones of LDF signals.Conclusions:Single pixels from laser speckle contrast images may not possess the same multifractal properties as LDF signals. These findings could now be compared with the ones obtained with other ranges of scales and with data recorded from pathological subjects.
Segmentation of malignant gliomas through remote collaboration and statistical fusion
Authors: Xu Zhoubing , Asman Andrew J. , Singh Eesha , Chambless Lola , Thompson Reid , Landman Bennett A. 
Published: September 2012

Purpose:Malignant gliomas represent an aggressive class of central nervous system neoplasms. Correlation of interventional outcomes with tumor morphometry data necessitates 3D segmentation of tumors (typically based on magnetic resonance imaging). Expert delineation is the long‐held gold standard for tumor segmentation, but is exceptionally resource intensive and subject to intrarater and inter‐rater variability. Automated tumor segmentation algorithms have been demonstrated for a variety of imaging modalities and tumor phenotypes, but translation of these methods across clinical study designs is problematic given variation in image acquisition, tumor characteristics, segmentation objectives, and validation criteria. Herein, the authors demonstrate an alternative approach for high‐throughput tumor segmentation using Internet‐based, collaborative labeling.Methods:In a study of 85 human raters and 98 tumor patients, raters were recruited from a general university campus population (i.e., no specific medical knowledge), given minimal training, and provided web‐based tools to label MRI images based on 2D cross sections. The labeling goal was characterized as to extract the enhanced tumor cores on T1‐weighted MRI and the bright abnormality on T2‐weighted MRI. An experienced rater manually constructed the ground truth volumes of a randomly sampled subcohort of 48 tumor subjects (for both T1w and T2w). Raters’ taskwise individual observations, as well as the volumewise truth estimates via statistical fusion method, were evaluated over the subjects having the ground truth.Results:Individual raters were able to reliably characterize (with >0.8 dice similarity coefficient, DSC) the gadolinium‐enhancing cores and extent of the edematous areas only slightly more than half of the time. Yet, human raters were efficient in terms of providing these highly variable segmentations (less than 20 s per slice). When statistical fusion was used to combine the results of seven raters per slice for all slices in the datasets, the 3D agreement of the fused results with expertly delineated segmentations was on par with the inter‐rater reliability observed between experienced raters using traditional 3D tools (approximately 0.85 DSC). The cumulative time spent per tumor patient with the collaborative approach was equivalent to that with an experienced rater, but the collaborative approach could be achieved with less training time, fewer resources, and efficient parallelization.Conclusions:Hence, collaborative labeling is a promising technique with potentially wide applicability to cost‐effective manual labeling of medical images.
The relationship between ACL injuries and physical fitness in young competitive ski racers: a 10-year longitudinal study
Authors: Raschner Christian , Platzer Hans-Peter , Patterson Carson , Werner Inge , Huber Reinhard , Hildebrandt Carolin 
Published: September 2012

BackgroundEpidemiological studies have shown a high incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries among competitive alpine skiers. Little is known regarding modifiable risk factors in young skiers. There are still uncertainties in gender-related risk factors.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between ACL injuries and internal risk factors.MethodsRetrospective data analyses were performed based on a group of 175 female and 195 male alpine ski racers between the ages of 14 and 19 years. The athletes underwent physical testing annually from 1996 to 2006. Z score transformations normalised the age groups. Multivariate binary logistic regressions were calculated for men and women separately to detect significant predictors of ACL ruptures. t Tests were computed to reveal the differences in test scores between injured and non-injured athletes.ResultsA total of 57 (15%) ACL injuries occurred. The female−male risk ratio (RR) was higher in females (2.3, 95% CI 1.3 to 4.2). Z scores for relative leg force, ratio of absolute core flexion to extension force, relative core strength and reactive strength index were predictive variables for men. Z scores of all of these predictive variables except relative leg force were higher in the non-injured group. The ratios of absolute flexion to extension force and absolute core strength were predictive covariates for women. Z scores for absolute core strength were higher in the non-injured group.ConclusionsThe risk of ACL injury was greater in female athletes. The findings suggest that core strength is a predominant critical factor for ACL injuries in young ski racers.
COMPUTING THE DISCRETE FRÉCHET DISTANCE WITH IMPRECISE INPUT
Authors: AHN HEE-KAP , KNAUER CHRISTIAN , SCHERFENBERG MARC , SCHLIPF LENA , VIGNERON ANTOINE 
Published: September 2012

We consider the problem of computing the discrete Fréchet distance between two polygonal curves when their vertices are imprecise. An imprecise point is given by a region and this point could lie anywhere within this region. By modelling imprecise points as balls in dimension d, we present an algorithm for this problem that returns in time 2O(d2) m2n2 log 2(mn) the minimum Fréchet distance between two imprecise polygonal curves with n and m vertices, respectively. We give an improved algorithm for the planar case with running time O(mn log 3(mn) + (m2+n2) log (mn)). In the d-dimensional orthogonal case, where points are modelled as axis-parallel boxes, and we use the L∞ distance, we give an O(dmn log (dmn))-time algorithm. We also give efficient O(dmn)-time algorithms to approximate the maximum Fréchet distance, as well as the minimum and maximum Fréchet distance under translation. These algorithms achieve constant factor approximation ratios in "realistic" settings (such as when the radii of the balls modelling the imprecise points are roughly of the same size).
Temporal Molecular and Biological Assessment of an Erlotinib-Resistant Lung Adenocarcinoma Model Reveals Markers of Tumor Progression and Treatment Response
Authors: Weaver Zoë , Difilippantonio Simone , Carretero Julian , Martin Philip L. , El Meskini Rajaa , Iacovelli Anthony J. , Gumprecht Michelle , Kulaga Alan , Guerin Theresa , Schlomer Jerome , Baran Maureen , Kozlov Serguei , McCann Thomas , Mena Salvador , Al-Shahrour Fatima , Alexander Danny , Wong Kwok-Kin , Van Dyke Terry 
Published: September 2012

Abstract
Patients with lung cancer with activating mutations in the EGF receptor (EGFR) kinase, who are treated long-term with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), often develop secondary mutations in EGFR associated with resistance. Mice engineered to develop lung adenocarcinomas driven by the human EGFR T790M resistance mutation are similarly resistant to the EGFR TKI erlotinib. By tumor volume endpoint analysis, these mouse tumors respond to BIBW 2992 (an irreversible EGFR/HER2 TKI) and rapamycin combination therapy. To correlate EGFR-driven changes in the lung with response to drug treatment, we conducted an integrative analysis of global transcriptome and metabolite profiling compared with quantitative imaging and histopathology at several time points during tumor progression and treatment. Responses to single-drug treatments were temporary, whereas combination therapy elicited a sustained response. During tumor development, metabolomic signatures indicated a shift to high anabolic activity and suppression of antitumor programs with 11 metabolites consistently present in both lung tissue and blood. Combination drug treatment reversed many of the molecular changes found in tumored lung. Data integration linking cancer signaling networks with metabolic activity identified key pathways such as glutamine and glutathione metabolism that signified response to single or dual treatments. Results from combination drug treatment suggest that metabolic transcriptional control through C-MYC and SREBP, as well as ELK1, NRF1, and NRF2, depends on both EGFR and mTORC1 signaling. Our findings establish the importance of kinetic therapeutic studies in preclinical assessment and provide in vivo evidence that TKI-mediated antiproliferative effects also manifest in specific metabolic regulation. Cancer Res; 72(22); 5921–33. ©2012 AACR.
Comparison of Outcomes After Use of Biphasic or Monophasic Defibrillators Among Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients
Authors: Tanabe Seizan , Yasunaga Hideo , Ogawa Toshio , Koike Soichi , Akahane Manabu , Horiguchi Hiromasa , Hatanaka Tetsuo , Yokota Hiroyuki , Imamura Tomoaki 
Published: September 2012

Background—
The use and popularity of the biphasic waveform defibrillator as a replacement for the monophasic waveform defibrillator are increasing, but it is unclear whether this can improve the rate of survival among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that the outcome of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients who received defibrillation shock with the biphasic waveform defibrillator was better than that of patients who received defibrillation shock with the monophasic defibrillator.

Methods and Results—

This prospective, nationwide, population-based, observational study included 21 172 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with initial ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2007. Defibrillation shock was performed by monophasic defibrillator on 8224 (39%) patients and by biphasic defibrillator on 12 948 (61%) patients. The rate of survival at 1 month with minimal neurological impairment was 11.6% (951/8192) in the monophasic defibrillator group and 12.8% (1653/12 928) in the biphasic defibrillator group. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis using a generalized estimation equation showed no significant difference between the biphasic and monophasic groups in 1-month survival with minimal neurological impairment (adjusted odds ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 0.91–1.26;
P
=0.42). Confirmatory propensity score analyses showed similar results.

Conclusions—
Although monophasic defibrillators are being replaced by biphasic defibrillators, our nationwide population-based observational study failed to demonstrate a statistically significant association between defibrillation waveform and 1-month survival rate with minimal neurological impairment.
Bias Correction of Regional Climate Model Simulations in a Region of Complex Orography
Authors: Bordoy Roger , Burlando Paolo 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis study presents a method to correct regional climate model (RCM) outputs using observations from automatic weather stations. The correction applies a nonlinear procedure, which recently appeared in the literature, to both precipitation and temperature on a monthly basis in a region of complex orography. To assess the temporal stability of such a correction, the correcting parameters of each variable are investigated using different time periods within the observational record. The RCM simulations used in this study to evaluate the bias-correction method are the publicly available “Reg-CM3” experiments from the Ensemble-Based Predictions of Climate Changes and Their Impacts (ENSEMBLES) project. They provide daily precipitation and temperature time series on a raster with spatial resolution of 0.22°. The analysis is performed in the Rhone catchment, located in southwestern Switzerland and characterized by highly complex orography. The results show that the nonlinear bias correction increases dramatically the accuracy not only of the RCM mean daily precipitation and temperature but also of values across the entire domain of the probability distribution. Moreover, the correction parameters seem to be reasonably independent from the sample used for their calibration, especially in the case of temperature. The good performance of the method over the considered mountainous region during the evaluation period points to the suitability of this technique for correcting RCM biases regardless of the stationarity of the climate and, therefore, also for future climate and in regions characterized by marked orography.