bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging mass cytometry reveals novel cellular neighbourhoods predicting prognosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wen Wen , Wang Xianming , Xu Bowen , Geng Xin , Bi Wendi , Jia Qinyi , Hu Ji , Chen Shu-Zhen , Sun Xiaojuan , Ge Yang , Zhang Guangyong 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis. We aimed to examine panoramic cellular composition and spatial structure of NAFLD-HCC clinical samples, assess the role of tumor micro-environment (TME) in the process of liver fibrosis and oncogenesis, and find potential clinical intervention measures.
Methods Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) technology was used to reveal the expression and spatial distribution of biomarkers in samples from 56 patients with NAFLD-HCC and 6 patients with focal nodular hyperplasia as control. 37 different metal coupling biomarkers were designed to label the tumor, border and adjacent regions of the tissues to generate 367 highly multiplexed histology images at single-cell resolution. By integrating the expression levels of biomarkers with the relative positional relationships between cells, we defined functional units as tightly interacting cellular neighborhoods (CNs). The relationship between CNs and patients’ prognosis was then accessed to identify potential clinical targets of NAFLD-HCC.
Results Cells were dimensionally reduced to access the cellular phenotype and 18 clusters of cells and 9 CNs were defined. Heterogeneity in TME and CN composition was observed not only across various regions within the same individual but also among comparable regions in different patients. The combined analysis of the overall survival data revealed that patients with a high enrichment of T & NK cell associated CN exhibited a more favorable clinical prognosis. In contrast, those with a high enrichment of myofibroblast associated CN and a YAP+ cancer cell associated CN exhibited a poor clinical prognosis.
Conclusion Our study provided a landscape of NAFLD-HCC and its TME characteristics from the topological perspective. The findings indicated that changing the low immune cell infiltration status of NAFLD-HCC through the augmentation of active T and NK cells and hepatic antifibrotic therapy may benefit the long-term prognosis of patients with NAFLD-HCC. Key words: imaging mass cytometry, NAFLD-HCC, cellular neighborhoods, prognosis, tumor micro-environment
Clade 2.3.4.4b but not historical clade 1 HA replicating RNA vaccine protects against bovine H5N1 challenge
Authors: Hawman David , Tipih Thomas , Hodge Eddie , Meade-White Kimberly , Leventhal Shanna , Hatzakis Kiara , Park Stephanie , Gaffney Karen , Stone E. Taylor , Warner Nikole , Rosenke Kyle , Erasmus Jesse , Feldmann Heinz 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The ongoing circulation of influenza A H5N1 in the United States has raised concerns of a pandemic caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza. Although the United States has stockpiled and is prepared to produce millions of vaccine doses to address an H5N1 pandemic, the currently circulating influenza A H5N1 contains multiple mutations within the immunodominant head domain of HA compared to the antigens used in stockpiled vaccines. It is unclear if these stockpiled vaccines will need to be updated to match the contemporary H5N1 strains. Here we show that a replicating RNA vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin (HA) of an H5N1 isolated from a US dairy cow confers complete protection against homologous lethal challenge in mice. Strikingly, a repRNA encoding the HA of a pre-pandemic H5 subtype from 2004 (A/Vietnam/1203/2004), only conferred partial protection. Our data highlight the utility of nucleic acid vaccines to be rapidly updated to match emergent viruses of concern while demonstrating that contemporary bovine H5N1 viruses can evade immunity elicited by historical HA antigens.
Proline-based Organocatalyst for the Synthesis of Arylidene Benzofuranone Intermediates Enabling the Construction of Aurone-derived Azadienes
Authors: Alsaggaf Azhaar T. , Sayed Mostafa , Soliman Ahmed I.A. , Ahmed Mostafa 
Published: August 2024

:
Organocatalysis has been recognized as a part of chemical research for a long
time, and it gained significant attention in catalysis in recent decades. Amine catalyst is a
substantial type of organocatalysis, and it is successively employed for the activation of
carbonyl compounds. This manuscript delves into the exploration of a proline-based organocatalyst
for the synthesis of arylidene benzofuranone intermediates, a critical step that
facilitates the subsequent construction of aurone-derived azadienes. In this work, we successfully
reported the synthesis of arylidene benzofuranone intermediates through Aldol
condensation of benzofuranone with different aldehydes enabled by proline-derived organic
catalysts. To achieve this strategy, six examples of amine organocatalysts (A1-A6) were
evaluated to showcase the optimal catalyst for this transformation. Moreover, the arylidene
benzofuranone intermediates were further employed for the synthesis of interesting aurone-derived azadiene
substrates through its reaction with TsNH2. Notably, the using of organocatalyst A6 resulted in the delivery of
the product with the best yield (94% isolated yield). Under the optimized conditions, different aromatic and
heterocyclic containing aldehydes were effectively tolerated to generate the corresponding arylidene benzofuranone
intermediates, which further converted to the azadiene products in high to excellent yield. The
claimed structures were confirmed by the spectral analysis.
Tackling Neuroinflammation in Cognitive Disorders with Single-targeted and Multi-targeted Histamine H3 Receptor Modulators
Authors: Lopes Flávia Barrio , Fernandes João Paulo S. , Uliassi Elisa 
Published: August 2024

:
Neuroinflammation is a process involved in a variety of central nervous system (CNS)
diseases and is being increasingly recognized as a key mediator of cognitive impairments. Neuroinflammatory
responses including glial activation, increased production of proinflammatory cytokines,
and aberrant neuronal signaling, contribute to cognitive dysfunctions. Histamine is a key
peripheral inflammatory mediator, but plays an important role in neuroinflammatory processes as
well. The unique localization of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) in the CNS along with the modulation
of the release of other neurotransmitters via its action on heteroreceptors on non-histaminergic
neurons have led to the development of several H3R ligands for various brain diseases. H3R antagonists/
inverse agonists have revealed potential to treat diverse neuroinflammatory CNS disorders,
including neurodegenerative diseases, attention-deficit hyperactivity syndrome and schizophrenia.
In this mini review, we provide a brief overview on the crucial involvement of the histaminergic
transmission in the neuroinflammatory processes underlying these cognitive disorders,
with a special focus on H3R involvement. The anti-neuroinflammatory potential of single-targeted
and multi-targeted H3R antagonists/inverse agonists for the treatment of these conditions is discussed
here.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Haplophyllum robustum Bge. Extract: Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Scolicidal Activity against Echinococcus granulosus Protoscolices
Authors: Movahedi Razih , Razmjoue Damoun , Movahedpour Ahmad , Varma Rajender S. , Bahmani Mahmoud 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized via the deployment of
plant extractives have garnered much attention, especially due to their antimicrobial properties.
Herein, the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has been accomplished using the aqueous
extract of Haplophyllum robustum, which includes a study of its antibacterial, antifungal, and
scolicidal activity.

Methods:
The preparative process was followed by characterization using UV-Vis spectroscopy,
and the ensuing spherical AgNPs of average size 7-25 nm were identified by Dynamic Light
Scattering (DLS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR),
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The
antibacterial, antifungal, and scolicidal activities of AgNPs were assessed by deploying disc
diffusion and microdilution methods against four standard bacteria and four typical Candida
species and liver hydatid cyst protoscoleces, where they exhibited good biological activity.

Results:
The results showed that the greener synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the aqueous
extract of renewable and abundant H. robustum plant is a simple, inexpensive, and safer alternative
that does not use any toxic or harmful substances.

Conclusion:
Thus, with minimal or no side effects, this approach to AgNPs bodes well for their
appliances as antibacterial, antifungal, and scolicidal agents.
Enhancing Work Zone Safety: Evaluating Static Merge Strategies Through Microscopic Traffic Simulation
Authors: Qawasmeh Baraah 
Published: August 2024

Background
The utilization of merging control has been proposed as a strategy to maximize the capacity of roads in work zone areas. The static Early Merge (EM) and static Late Merge (LM) controls are extensively implemented among these strategies. Although many studies have investigated the efficacy of these controls through the analysis of field data or microscopic traffic simulations, such comparisons are frequently conducted under different work zone conditions, which can result in inconsistent, contradictory conclusions.

Materials and Methods
A simulation study was carried out using the VISSIM microscopic traffic simulator within a self-developed work zone featuring a 2-to-1 lane closure setup to comprehensively assess and contrast the traffic efficiency of the EM and LM controls. Furthermore, through a comprehensive analysis and comparison of network performance within the designed work zone across various scenarios, including queue length, vehicle delays, and travel time, the significant VISSIM parameters influencing the system's performance were identified.

Results
The analysis revealed that the parameters CC1 (headway time) and CC2 (longitudinal following threshold) from the car-following model exert more significant influence in the simulated work zone throughput than the Safety Distance Reduction Factor (SDRF) parameter from the lane-changing model.

Discussion
According to the simulation findings, implementing the EM control is preferable when drivers display aggressive behavior and maintain relatively short safety distances (i.e., low CC1 values). Conversely, opting for the LM control is more advisable in work zone areas where drivers demonstrate cautious driving tendencies and maintain longer safety distances (i.e., high CC1 values).

Conclusion
The efficacy of static EM and LM was analyzed in a 2-to-1 lane closure work zone on a freeway using the microscopic traffic simulator VISSIM. Simulation results were compared to identify the most relevant VISSIM parameters that influence work zone throughput. Our results indicate that the parameters CC1 and CC2 from the car-following model have a more substantial impact than the SDRF parameter from the lane-changing model. In particular, our comparison results suggest that the work zone throughput decreases in both the EM and LM scenarios as the values of CC1 and CC2 increase. Additionally, SDRF has a relatively negligible effect on the network performance of both merge strategies.
Genomic Medicine: Perspective of the Challenges for the Implementation of Preventive, Predictive, and Personalized Medicine in Latin America
Authors: Perenguez Marcela , Ramírez-Montaño Diana , Candelo Estephania , Echavarria Hector , De La Torre Alejandro 
Published: August 2024

:
Genomic information plays an essential role in personalized medicine, with the
main objective of determining risk and predisposition to disease, as well as guiding diagnosis,
selection, and prioritization of therapeutic options, and even predicting prognosis.
Research in the second half of the 20th century allowed genomics to move from the laboratory
to clinical practice. The Human Genome Project showed the structure of the genome,
the genes, and several of their regulatory pathways, which allowed obtaining exact
knowledge about the molecular origin of a growing number of diseases and the development
of next-generation sequencing technologies. In the second decade of the 21st century,
the decrease in testing costs has allowed genomic medicine to begin to be applied in
hospital institutions and outpatient services with a positive impact on public health. However,
it has been evidenced that these potential benefits have not been experienced equitably
throughout the world. This commentary explores the main challenges and obstacles to
the implementation of genomic medicine services in order to expand their use as part of
clinical practice in the Latin American context. Finally, six main barriers have been identified:
i) high costs and poor access, ii) lack of trained personnel in the genomic field, iii)
negative personal and social beliefs, iv) lack of representation of Latin American populations
in genomic databases, v) scarce evidence of impact on clinical practice, and vi) lack
of understanding of genomic test results by patients and clinicians.
The Impact of Enhanced Recovery Protocols Regarding Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Following Sleeve Gastrectomy under Triple Prophylaxis: A Controlled Randomized Study
Authors: Mansour Haidy Salah , Megalla Sohair Adeeb , Abdelzaher Tarek Abdelmonem , Abdelwahab Ali Taha , Sewefy Alaa Mostafa , Hetta Hassan Mokhtar Elshorbagy 
Published: August 2024

Background
Following a sleeve gastrectomy, post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a typical issue. Furthermore, several prophylactic techniques have been developed, such as preventive antiemetic and accelerated recovery after surgery (ERAS). However, PONV has not entirely disappeared, and clinicians are still working to lower PONV incidence.

Aim
Our goal was to evaluate how adopting Enhanced Recovery Protocols (ERAS) affects postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in comparison to standard care protocol after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) while receiving triple antiemetic prophylaxis.

Objective
The objective of this study was to verify that the ERAS procedure is crucial for lowering PONV despite the use of an efficient and effective antiemetic.

Methods
This is a computer-generated randomized clinical trial. Haloperidol, dexamethasone, and ondansetron were administered to all patients undergoing elective LSG, 29 patients within an ERAS protocol, and 29 within a standard care protocol. The primary finding was the incidence of PONV within 36 hours following LSG. The time to initially administer rescue antiemetic medication, number of rescue antiemetic medication administrations, postoperative opioid consumption, oral fluid tolerance, complications, and QoR-15 questionnaire for quality of recovery were the secondary outcomes.

Results
Within the first 36 hours following LSG, the incidence of PONV in the ERAS group was 17.20%, while in the non-ERAS group, it was 51.7%, with P<0.012 and higher PONV severity (P<0.021) in the non-ERAS group. The ERAS group took a longer time (6 hours) for the first rescue antiemetic medicine than the Non-ERAS group (2 hours), with P<0.001 and significantly less number of patients (20.7%) needing rescue antiemetic, compared to the Non-ERAS group (65.5%), with P<0.001. The dosage of nalbuphine needed by the ERAS group was lower (2.7±2.8) than the non-ERAS group (19.9±6.0). Regarding the QoR-15 scores, there was a significant difference in the two groups' overall performance (P <0.001). Between the two groups, there were no significant complications following surgery.

Conclusion
This study reveals that even though triple antiemetic prophylaxis was used, the ERAS protocol had a beneficial effect on PONV when compared to the standard care approach.
Initial Evaluation of Acceptability, Engagement, and Effectiveness of the MO App to Provide Tailored and Comprehensive Support for Smoking Cessation: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Zhou Shuo , Brunetta Paul , Silvasstar Joshva , Feldman Greg , Oromi Nicolas , Bull Sheana 
Published: August 2024

Background
Despite the growing availability of smoking cessation apps, low engagement and cessation rates have remained a significant challenge. To address this issue, we used a user-centered design to iteratively develop a mobile app (MO) to provide comprehensive, tailored, and evidence-based content to support smokers in their quitting journey.

Objective
This study examined the acceptability, use, and preliminary efficacy of the MO app for smoking cessation. Specifically, we sought to understand smokers’ preferred features, engagement, and satisfaction with MO; identify concerns in using the app and ways to improve the app; and evaluate its smoking cessation outcomes.

Methods
Through 3 cohorts, we recruited 10, 12, and 85 adult smokers who attempted to quit smoking to pilot-test the MO app between December 2019 and July 2022. Participants were instructed to complete a baseline survey, interact with the app for 6 weeks, and fill in a postsurvey at week 6. Participants in cohort 3 completed an additional postsurvey at week 12. Participants’ app use was tracked and analyzed. The primary outcome measures were participants’ 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 6 and 12 weeks.

Results
Participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the MO app across all 3 cohorts, rating it between 4.40 and 4.76 on a scale of 5 for acceptability. Users engaged with app activities for an average of 89 to 159 times over 35 days. The most liked features of the app included “quit plan,” “tracking,” “reminders and notifications,” “MOtalks,” and “motivational quotes.” The 7-day point prevalence abstinence rate of the modified intention to treat population in cohort 3 was 58% at 6 weeks and 52% at 12 weeks. Those who interacted more frequently with app features and engaged with more diverse activities were more likely to maintain abstinence at weeks 6 and 12. For each additional time logged into the app, the odds of staying abstinent at week 12 increased by 5% (odds ratio [OR] 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.08). Participants who earned >5000 points during app use also had higher odds of quitting at both 6 weeks (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.25-7.75) and 12 weeks (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.83-11.76), compared with those who earned <5000 points.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that MO is a feasible mobile phone app with high acceptability and usability and can effectively deliver smoking cessation support to individuals who want to quit. Implications for developing and evaluating mobile phone apps for smoking cessation are discussed.
Development of a Digital Health Intervention for the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease (INTERCEPT): Co-Design and Usability Testing Study
Authors: Gibson Irene , Neubeck Lis , Corcoran Marissa , Morland Chris , Donovan Steve , Jones Jennifer , Costello Caroline , Hynes Lisa , Harris Aisling , Harrahill Mary , Lillis Mary , Atrey Alison , Ski Chantal F , Savickas Vilius , Byrne Molly , Murphy Andrew W , McEvoy John William , Wood David , Jennings Catriona 
Published: August 2024

Background
Secondary prevention is an important strategy to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the growing evidence for the effectiveness of digital health interventions (DHIs) for the secondary prevention of CVD, the majority are designed with minimal input from target end users, resulting in poor uptake and usage.

Objective
This study aimed to optimize the acceptance and effectiveness of a DHI for the secondary prevention of CVD through co-design, integrating end users’ perspectives throughout.

Methods
A theory-driven, person-based approach using co-design was adopted for the development of the DHI, known as INTERCEPT. This involved a 4-phase iterative process using online workshops. In phase 1, a stakeholder team of health care professionals, software developers, and public and patient involvement members was established. Phase 2 involved identification of the guiding principles, content, and design features of the DHI. In phase 3, DHI prototypes were reviewed for clarity of language, ease of navigation, and functionality. To anticipate and interpret DHI usage, phase 4 involved usability testing with participants who had a recent cardiac event (<2 years). To assess the potential impact of usability testing, the System Usability Scale was administered before and after testing. The GUIDED (Guidance for Reporting Intervention Development Studies in Health Research) checklist was used to report the development process.

Results
Five key design principles were identified: simplicity and ease of use, behavioral change through goal setting and self-monitoring, personalization, system credibility, and social support. Usability testing resulted in 64 recommendations for the app, of which 51 were implemented. Improvements in System Usability Scale scores were observed when comparing the results before and after implementing the recommendations (61 vs 83; P=.02).

Conclusions
Combining behavior change theory with a person-based, co-design approach facilitated the development of a DHI for the secondary prevention of CVD that optimized responsiveness to end users’ needs and preferences, thereby potentially improving future engagement.
THE INFLUENCE OF USING ORTHOSES PROSTHESES FOR FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES TO THE QUALITY OF LIFE ON SPECIAL HEALTH COVERAGE IN BAPEL JAMKESOS REGION OF YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Setiyawan Sholeh , Adistyawan Guritno , Setyowati Lilis 
Published: August 2024

Background : Quality of life is an assessment of individual welfare that can be felt in daily life includes many aspects such as emotions, social, and physical in the lives of individuals. The quality of life of people with disabilities needs to be assessed and evaluated to see the extent of changes that occur after receiving comprehensive medical rehabilitation services. Subjects and method: The method used is descriptive quantitative analysis. Data collection is done by questionnaire method (questionnaire). The data obtained will be processed using SPSS 17.0. The population of this study were patients with disabilities in the Province of D.I. Yogyakarta, especially patients receiving assistance from the Ortose Prostese at Bapel Jamkesos D.I. Yogyakarta as many as 30 people. Results : A complete description of the 8 aspects of quality of life is 1) Limitations of physical activity due to existing health problems, the results are 65.34% unlimited, 2) Limitations of social activities due to physical and emotional problems, the results are 66.68% unlimited, 3) Limitations of daily activities due to physical problems, the results are 81.65% unlimited, 4) whole body pain, the result is 58.3% do not feel the pain means, 5) mental health in general, the results are 39.62% have a life spirit 6) Limitations of daily activities because of emotional problems, the results are 53.3% unlimited, 7) vitality of life, the results are 70.85% feeling good and 8) health views in general, the results are 51.65% feeling very good. Conclusion: People with disabilities are mostly being distracted on mental health and morale aspect, however, for daily activities mostly do not any experience problems or physical disorders, so the Ortose Prostese that used by patient can provide benefits and improve their quality of life.