bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independent Children’s Social Work Practice Pilots
Authors: Hussein Shereen , Manthorpe Jill , Ridley Julie , Austerberry Helen , Farrelly Nicola , Larkins Cath , Bilson Andy , Stanley Nicky 
Published: June 2013

Objectives: To investigate whether a new model that delegates some out-of-home care services from the public to the private and not-for-profit sectors in England enhances practitioners’ job control and stress levels. Methods: A 3-year longitudinal matched-control evaluation examined changes in Karasek demand-control model and Maslach burnout levels of 2,050 staff working in five social work practice (SWP) pilots, their host local authorities and comparable sites. Results: Mixed-effect models indicated no significant difference in main outcomes among SWP staff when compared to staff in host and comparison local authorities. There were notable differences in relation to job insecurity and social support. Conclusion: The minimal effects observed may relate to the diverse nature of SWPs with no specific work model predominating.
Role of Plantar Plate and Surgical Reconstruction Techniques on Static Stability of Lesser Metatarsophalangeal Joints
Authors: Chalayon Ornusa , Chertman Carla , Guss Andrew D. , Saltzman Charles L. , Nickisch Florian , Bachus Kent N. 
Published: June 2013

Background: Disruption of the plantar plate of the lesser metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints leads to significant instability. Despite the fact that plantar plate disorders are common, the best mode of treatment remains controversial with operative treatments having variable and somewhat unpredictable clinical outcomes. Methods: Lesser MTP joints from the second, third, and fourth toes from fresh-frozen cadaver feet were biomechanically tested: (1) intact, (2) with the plantar plate disrupted, and (3) following a Weil osteotomy, a flexor-to-extensor tendon transfer, or a Weil osteotomy with a subsequent flexor-to-extensor tendon transfer with testing in superior subluxation, dorsiflexion, and plantarflexion. Results: The plantar plate significantly contributed to stabilizing the sagittal plane of the lesser MTP joints. The flexor-to-extensor tendon transfer significantly stabilized the disrupted lesser MTP joints in both superior subluxation and in dorsiflexion. The flexor-to-extensor tendon transfer following a Weil osteotomy also significantly stabilized the disrupted lesser MTP joints in both superior subluxation and in dorsiflexion. Conclusions: In this cadaver-based experiment, disruption of the plantar plate of the lesser MTP joints led to significant instability. After plantar plate disruption, the Weil osteotomy left the joint unstable. The flexor-to-extensor tendon transfer by itself increased the stability of the joint in dorsiflexion, but combined with a Weil osteotomy restored near intact stability against superior subluxation and dorsiflexion forces. Clinical Relevance: Surgeons using the Weil osteotomy for plantar plate deficient MTP joints may consider adding a flexor tendon transfer to the procedure. Techniques to repair the torn plantar plate directly are needed.
Comparison of Practice Patterns in Total Ankle Replacement and Ankle Fusion in the United States
Authors: Terrell Rodney D. , Montgomery Scott R. , Pannell William C. , Sandlin Michael I. , Inoue Hirokazu , Wang Jeffrey C. , SooHoo Nelson F. 
Published: June 2013

Background: Although tibiotalar fusion has historically been considered the gold standard treatment for end-stage arthritis of the ankle, the performance of total ankle replacement appears to be gaining favor as improved outcomes have been observed with new implant designs and surgical techniques. The purpose of this study was to compare trends and demographics in the performance of ankle fusion and total ankle replacement in the United States. Methods: The Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes of patients undergoing ankle fusion and total ankle replacement were searched using the PearlDiver Patient Record Database, a national database of orthopaedic patients. The CPT codes for open ankle arthrodesis (27870), arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis (29899), and total ankle replacement (27700, 27702) were searched for the years 2004 to 2009 to identify relative changes in the performance of ankle fusion and replacement over time. Results: The performance of ankle fusion was unchanged during the 6-year study period. In contrast, an increase in total ankle replacement was observed, from 0.63 cases per 10 000 patients searched in 2004 to 0.99 cases per 10 000 patients in 2009 ( P < .05). Both ankle fusion and total ankle replacement were performed most commonly in patients aged 60 to 69 years ( P < .05). Although an even gender distribution was observed in patients undergoing total ankle replacement, open and arthroscopic fusion were more commonly performed in males ( P < .05). With regard to regional distribution, open and arthroscopic fusion were most commonly performed in the western region of the United States, whereas total ankle replacement was performed most frequently in the Midwest ( P < .001). Conclusions: In the population studied, the performance of total ankle replacement increased 57% from 2004 to 2009 and was performed equally in male and female patients when compared to ankle fusion, which was more often performed in males and was unchanged with time. Level of Evidence: Level IV, cross-sectional study.
Patterns of missplicing due to somatic U2AF1 mutations in myeloid neoplasms
Authors: Przychodzen Bartlomiej , Jerez Andres , Guinta Kathryn , Sekeres Mikkael A. , Padgett Richard , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P. , Makishima Hideki 
Published: June 2013

Key Points
Recurrent U2AF1 mutations are associated with missplicing in the specific genes. U2AF1 mutant protein might identify the specific sequence signals at the splice sites.
A capture-sequencing strategy identifies IRF8, EBF1, and APRIL as novel IGH fusion partners in B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Bouamar Hakim , Abbas Saman , Lin An-Ping , Wang Long , Jiang Daifeng , Holder Kenneth N. , Kinney Marsha C. , Hunicke-Smith Scott , Aguiar Ricardo C. T. 
Published: June 2013

Key Points
Targeted capture/next-generation sequencing is a powerful tool for the diagnosis of known and discovery of new IGH fusions in DLBCL. IGH-mediated deregulation of IRF8 and EBF1 in DLBCL is characterized by induction of AID and BCL6, suppression of PRDM1, and antiapoptosis.
HASP server: a database and structural visualization platform for comparative models of influenza A hemagglutinin proteins
Authors: Ambroggio Xavier I , Dommer Jennifer , Gopalan Vivek , Dunham Eleca J , Taubenberger Jeffery K , Hurt Darrell E 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Influenza A viruses possess RNA genomes that mutate frequently in response to immune pressures. The mutations in the hemagglutinin genes are particularly significant, as the hemagglutinin proteins mediate attachment and fusion to host cells, thereby influencing viral pathogenicity and species specificity. Large-scale influenza A genome sequencing efforts have been ongoing to understand past epidemics and pandemics and anticipate future outbreaks. Sequencing efforts thus far have generated nearly 9,000 distinct hemagglutinin amino acid sequences.

Description
Comparative models for all publicly available influenza A hemagglutinin protein sequences (8,769 to date) were generated using the Rosetta modeling suite. The C-alpha root mean square deviations between a randomly chosen test set of models and their crystallographic templates were less than 2 Å, suggesting that the modeling protocols yielded high-quality results. The models were compiled into an online resource, the Hemagglutinin Structure Prediction (HASP) server. The HASP server was designed as a scientific tool for researchers to visualize hemagglutinin protein sequences of interest in a three-dimensional context. With a built-in molecular viewer, hemagglutinin models can be compared side-by-side and navigated by a corresponding sequence alignment. The models and alignments can be downloaded for offline use and further analysis.

Conclusions
The modeling protocols used in the HASP server scale well for large amounts of sequences and will keep pace with expanded sequencing efforts. The conservative approach to modeling and the intuitive search and visualization interfaces allow researchers to quickly analyze hemagglutinin sequences of interest in the context of the most highly related experimental structures, and allow them to directly compare hemagglutinin sequences to each other simultaneously in their two- and three-dimensional contexts. The models and methodology have shown utility in current research efforts and the ongoing aim of the HASP server is to continue to accelerate influenza A research and have a positive impact on global public health.
Haplotype association analysis of genes within the WNT signalling pathways in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Kavanagh David H , Savage David A , Patterson Christopher C , McKnight Amy Jayne , Crean John K , Maxwell Alexander P , McKay Gareth J ,   the Warren 3/UK GoKinD Study Group
Published: June 2013

AbstractBackgroundRenal interstitial fibrosis and glomerular sclerosis are hallmarks of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and several studies have implicated members of the WNT pathways in these pathological processes. This study comprehensively examined common genetic variation within the WNT pathway for association with DN.MethodsGenes within the WNT pathways were selected on the basis of nominal significance and consistent direction of effect in the GENIE meta-analysis dataset. Common SNPs and common haplotypes were examined within the selected WNT pathway genes in a white population with type 1 diabetes, discordant for DN (cases: n = 718; controls: n = 749). SNPs were genotyped using Sequenom or Taqman assays. Association analyses were performed using PLINK, to compare allele and haplotype frequencies in cases and controls. Correction for multiple testing was performed by either permutation testing or using false discovery rate.ResultsA logistic regression model including collection centre, duration of diabetes, and average HbA1c as covariates highlighted three SNPs inGSK3B(rs17810235, rs17471, rs334543), two inDAAM1(rs1253192, rs1252906) and one inNFAT5(rs17297207) as being significantly (P < 0.05) associated with DN, however these SNPs did not remain significant after correction for multiple testing. Logistic regression of haplotypes, with ESRD as the outcome, and pairwise interaction analyses did not yield any significant results after correction for multiple testing.ConclusionsThese results indicate that both common SNPs and common haplotypes of WNT pathway genes are not strongly associated with DN. However, this does not completely exclude these or the WNT pathways from association with DN, as unidentified rare genetic or copy number variants could still contribute towards the genetic architecture of DN.
Metabolic, hemodynamic and structural adjustments to low intensity exercise training in a metabolic syndrome model
Authors: Morvan Eduardo , Lima Nathalia Edviges Alves , Machi Jacqueline Freire , Mostarda Cristiano , De Angelis Kátia , Irigoyen Maria Cláudia , Wichi Rogério Brandão , Rodrigues Bruno , Maifrino Laura Beatriz Mesiano 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
The increase in fructose consumption is paralleled by a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome, and consequently, cardiovascular disease mortality. We examined the effects of 8 weeks of low intensity exercise training (LET) on metabolic, hemodynamic, ventricular and vascular morphological changes induced by fructose drinking in male rats.

Methods
Male Wistar rats were divided into (n = 8 each) control (C), sedentary fructose (F) and ET fructose (FT) groups. Fructose-drinking rats received D-fructose (100 g/l). FT rats were assigned to a treadmill training protocol at low intensity (30% of maximal running speed) during 1 h/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Measurements of triglyceride concentrations, white adipose tissue (WAT) and glycemia were carried out together with insulin tolerance test to evaluate metabolic profile. Arterial pressure (AP) signals were directly recorded. Baroreflex sensitivity (BS) was evaluated by the tachycardic and bradycardic responses. Right atria, left ventricle (LV) and ascending aorta were prepared to morphoquantitative analysis.

Results
LET reduced WAT (−37.7%), triglyceride levels (−33%), systolic AP (−6%), heart weight/body weight (−20.5%), LV (−36%) and aortic (−76%) collagen fibers, aortic intima-media thickness and circumferential wall tension in FT when compared to F rats. Additionally, FT group presented improve of BS, numerical density of atrial natriuretic peptide granules (+42%) and LV capillaries (+25%), as well as the number of elastic lamellae in aorta compared with F group.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that LET, a widely recommended practice, seems to be particularly effective for preventing metabolic, hemodynamic and morphological disorders triggered by MS.
Differential G protein subunit expression by prostate cancer cells and their interaction with CXCR5
Authors: El-Haibi Christelle P , Sharma Praveen , Singh Rajesh , Gupta Pranav , Taub Dennis D , Singh Shailesh , Lillard, Jr James W 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines and tissues differentially express CXCR5, which positively correlate with PCa progression, and mediate PCa cell migration and invasion following interaction with CXCL13. However, the differential expression of G protein α, β, and γ subunits by PCa cell lines and the precise combination of these proteins with CXCR5 has not been elucidated.

Methods
We examined differences in G protein expression of normal prostate (RWPE-1) and PCa cell lines (LNCaP, C4-2B, and PC3) by western blot analysis. Further, we immunoprecipitated CXCR5 with different G protein subunits, and CXCR4, following CXCL13 stimulation. To investigate constitutive coupling of CXCR5 with CXCR4 and PAR-1 we performed invasion assay in PCa cells transfected with Gαq/i2 or Gα13 siRNA, following CXCL13 treatment. We also investigated Rac and RhoA activity by G-LISA activation assay in PCa cells following CXCL13/thrombin stimulation.

Result
Of the 22 G proteins studied, Gαi1-3, Gβ1-4, Gγ5, Gγ7, and Gγ10 were expressed by both normal and PCa cell lines. Gαs was moderately expressed in C4-2B and PC3 cell lines, Gαq/11 was only present in RWPE-1 and LNCaP cell lines, while Gα12 and Gα13 were expressed in C4-2B and PC3 cell lines. Gγ9 was expressed only in PCa cell lines. Gα16, Gβ5, Gγ1-4, and Gγ13 were not detected in any of the cell lines studied. Surprisingly, CXCR4 co-immunoprecipitated with CXCR5 in PCa cell lines irrespective of CXCL13 treatment. We also identified specific G protein isoforms coupled to CXCR5 in its resting and active states. Gαq/11/Gβ3/Gγ9 in LNCaP and Gαi2/Gβ3/Gγ9 in C4-2B and PC3 cell lines, were coupled to CXCR5 and disassociated following CXCL13 stimulation. Interestingly, Gα13 co-immunoprecipitated with CXCR5 in CXCL13-treated, but not in untreated PCa cell lines. Inhibition of Gαq/i2 significantly decreased the ability of cells to invade, whereas silencing Gα13 did not affect CXCL13-dependent cell invasion. Finally, CXCL13 treatment significantly increased Rac activity in Gαq/i2 dependent manner, but not RhoA activity, in PCa cell lines.

Conclusions
These findings offer insight into molecular mechanisms of PCa progression and can help to design some therapeutic strategies involving CXCR5 and/or CXCL13 blockade and specific G protein inhibition to abrogate PCa metastasis.
Boundary value problems for fractional differential equations with nonlocal boundary conditions
Authors: Yan Rian , Sun Shurong , Sun Ying , Han Zhenlai 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
In this paper, we establish some sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions to two classes of boundary value problems for fractional differential equations with nonlocal boundary conditions. Our goal is to establish some criteria of existence for the boundary problems with nonlocal boundary condition involving the Caputo fractional derivative, using Banach’s fixed point theorem and Schaefer’s fixed point theorem. Finally, we present four examples to show the importance of these results.

MSC:34A08, 34B10.
A new reporter mouse cytomegalovirus reveals maintained immediate-early gene expression but poor virus replication in cycling liver sinusoidal endothelial cells
Authors: Dag Franziska , Weingärtner Adrien , Butueva Milada , Conte Ianina , Holzki Julia , May Tobias , Adler Barbara , Wirth Dagmar , Cicin-Sain Luka 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
The MCMV major immediate early promoter/enhancer (MIEP) is a bidirectional promoter that drives the expression of the three immediate early viral genes, namely ie1, ie2 and ie3. The regulation of their expression is intensively studied, but still incompletely understood.

Methods
We constructed a reporter MCMV, (MCMV-MIEPr) expressing YFP and tdTomato under the control of the MIEP as proxies of ie1 and ie2, respectively. Moreover, we generated a liver sinusoidal endothelial cell line (LSEC-uniLT) where cycling is dependent on doxycycline. We used these novel tools to study the kinetics of MIEP-driven gene expression in the context of infection and at the single cell level by flow cytometry and by live imaging of proliferating and G0-arrested cells.

Results
MCMV replicated to higher titers in G0-arrested LSEC, and cycling cells showed less cytopathic effect or YFP and tdTomato expression at 5 days post infection. In the first 24 h post infection, however, there was no difference in MIEP activity in cycling or G0-arrested cells, although we could observe different profiles of MIEP gene expression in different cell types, like LSECs, fibroblasts or macrophages. We monitored infected LSEC-uniLT in G0 by time lapse microscopy over five days and noticed that most cells survived infection for at least 96 h, arguing that quick lysis of infected cells could not account for the spread of the virus. Interestingly, we noticed a strong correlation between the ratio of median YFP and tdTomato expression and length of survival of infected cells.

Conclusion
By means of our newly developed genetic tools, we showed that the expression pattern of MCMV IE1 and IE2 genes differs between macrophages, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Substantial and cell-cycle independent differences in the ie1 and ie2 transcription could also be observed within individual cells of the same population, and marked ie2 gene expression was associated with longer survival of the infected cells.
Exercise to preserve beta cell function in recent-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (EXTOD) - a study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lascar Nadia , Kennedy Amy , Jackson Nikki , Daley Amanda , Dowswell George , Thompson Dylan , Stokes Keith , Greenfield Sheila , Holder Roger , Andrews Rob , Narendran Parth 
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Background
Exercise has a beta cell preserving effect in patients with type 2 diabetes. This benefit of exercise has not been examined in type 1 diabetes. Significant beta cell function is present at the time of diagnosis of type 1 diabetes and therefore studies of beta cell preservation are ideally conducted immediately after diagnosis.
Many of the variables required to design and power such a study are currently unknown. The aim of EXTOD is to obtain the information required to design a formal study of exercise and beta cell preservation in newly diagnosed patients with type 1 diabetes.

Methods
Barriers to exercise will initially be assessed in a qualitative study of newly diagnosed patients. Then, sixty newly diagnosed adult type 1 diabetes patients will be randomized to either conventional treatment or exercise, stratified on beta cell function and fitness. The exercise group will be encouraged to increase their level of activity to a minimum of 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity exercise per week, aiming for 240 minutes per week of exercise for 12 months. Beta cell function will be measured by meal-stimulated C peptide. Primary outcomes are recruitment, adherence to exercise, loss to follow-up, and exercise levels in the non-intervention arm (contamination). The secondary outcome of the study is rate of loss of beta cell function.

Discussion
The outcomes of the EXTOD study will help define the barriers, uptake and benefits of exercise in adults newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. This information will enable design of a formal study to assess the effect of exercise on beta cell preservation in newly diagnosed patients with type 1 diabetes.

Trial registration
Current controlled trials ISRCTN91388505
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Cervical type AB thymoma (Mixed) tumour diagnosis in a mynah as a model to study human: clinicohistological, immunohistochemical and cytohistopathological study
Authors: Khaki Fariba , Javanbakht Javad , Sasani Farhang , Gharagozlou Mohammad Javad , Bahrami Alimohammad , Moslemzadeh Hemmat , Sheikhzadeh Reza 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAbstractThymoma is a primary mediastinal neoplasm arising from or exhibiting differentiation towards thymic epithelial cells, typically with the presence of non-neoplastic lymphocytes. A 13-year-old male Mynah bird (acridotheres tristis) was presented for evaluation of a 2.3 × 1.5 × 1.0 cm mass in the left ventrolateral cervical region. The clinical signs, radiology, cytohistopathology and immunohistochimy findings related to the thymoma are presented. These findings indicated that the tumor was a type AB thymoma according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and veterinary classification. Thymomas are rarely reported in avian species and this is the first report in a Mynah bird.Virtual slidesThe virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here:http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1159525819982779.