bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intangible benefits as objects of civil law protection
Authors: Popova I. Y. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The article analyzes legislative provisions and views of Russian scientists on the issues of protection of intangible benefits, definition of their signs, classification criteria, strengthening of protection, establishment of correlation between intangible benefits and personal non-property rights. The peculiarities of protection of intangible benefits in those areas in which such protection is most in demand at present, including the protection of honor, dignity and business reputation of citizens, their images, consumer rights, compensation for moral harm associated with encroachments on life and health, and in other cases are considered.The conclusions are made about the need for further development of the system of civil legal protection of intangible benefits, which is currently in the stage of formation, based on the generalization and systematization of existing approaches, as well as the development of the definition of the concept of intangible benefits, their scientifically justified classification, division by types, including taking into account the features of their protection.The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical provisions aimed at improving the civil legal protection of intangible benefits.Objectives: to analyze the peculiarities of legal relations arising in connection with violations of intangible benefits and encroachments on such intangible benefits; to identify problems arising in the protection of intangible benefits by civil law means; to propose solutions that ensure the elimination of gaps and contradictions in the legislation related to the protection of intangible benefits.Methodology. In the research we used general scientific methods, including dialectical-materialistic method, methods of analysis and synthesis, etc., as well as systematic and formal-legal methods.The results of the research have a theoretical and applied nature and are aimed at improving the legal regulation of relations related to the protection of intangible benefits.Conclusions. For further development of the legislation and judicial practice it is required to develop a scientifically grounded classification of intangible benefits, based on the identification of their signs and features, as well as to determine the features of protection methods applicable to encroachments on intangible benefits, which will allow to extend such protection to all cases of violations and encroachments on intangible benefits.
Civil protection of a citizen's privacy after his death
Authors: Ustinov V. D. , Korotkich O. A. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The article considers the peculiarities of civil protection of a person's private life after his death by other persons in accordance with Art. 152.2 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The positions of legal scholars regarding the ambiguous phenomenon of «experience of law» with the inalienability of intangible benefits, when information about the private life of a deceased citizen is subject to posthumous protection, are analyzed. The established judicial practice was studied to resolve such claims for civil law remedies for the right to privacy of a deceased person, decisions of the Constitutional Court and clarifications of the Supreme Courts of the Russian Federation on issues related to the protection of the personal non-property law in question in civil proceedings.The purpose of the study is to supplement theoretical provisions deepening the civil law theory of posthumous protection of privacy, and to develop proposals to eliminate existing gaps in civil ¬ legal regulation in this area.Objectives: to analyze court decisions on claims for posthumous protection of private life, decisions of the Constitutional Court and decisions of the Supreme Courts of the Russian Federation, to identify shortcomings in the wording of Art. 152.2 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, as well as to update, taking into account scientific discussions, proposals regarding the sale of intangible benefits after death.Methodology. To achieve a theoretical and practical result, the author used scientific (analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction) and private scientific methods (formal-legal, system-analytical and formal-logical, method of analysis and generalization of judicial practice).The results of the study are determined by its theoretical and applied nature and contain the author's vision of improving the norms of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in terms of posthumous protection of the right to privacy (changing the list of persons entitled to protect the interests of the deceased, legalizing the concept of «good memory of a deceased citizen»).Conclusion. Posthumous protection of privacy is delegated by the state to close relatives of the deceased person by virtue of public and personal interest. In connection with death, the legal personality of a person ceases, and those who protect the privacy of the deceased become the subjects of legal relations.
The concept of an ideocratic state
Authors: Safronov N. A. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance.It is quite obvious that the modern world has entered a new stage of its development, the prospects of which are very vague. The model of the mondial world order with its ideas of faceless globalization, depopulation, universalization, de-Christianization, etc. are rejected by Russia. Recently, in political discourse and in official strategic planning documents, Russia has been called a civilization state with a pronounced identity. In the Russian conservative legal doctrine, the definition of specific features of Russia's state identity was a key topic, and the priority of intangible values was noted as the main feature of Orthodox civilization. It is no coincidence that Russian socio-political thought has always been puzzled by the search for a Russian idea. In this regard, the concept of ideocratic statehood is of particular interest, the main meaning of which was to search for a key idea or system of ideas on the basis of which the state should be built.The aimis to reconstruct and interpret the theory of the ideocratic state of the Russian conservative political and legal doctrine of the late XIX - first half of the XX centuries.Research objectives:to study the evolution of the concept of an ideocratic state, to analyze its conceptual apparatus, to comprehend the importance of state ideology for the modern stage of development.Methodology.It is based on the historical method of cognition, which contributed to the disclosure of the evolution of the theory under study, the method of diachronic and synchronous comparison, as well as a problem-theoretical one, which allows determining the degree of modern relevance of the concept under study.Results.The conducted research allowed us to establish that the concept of ideocratic statehood was mainly formed in the works of representatives of the socio-political movement of Eurasians, which originated in the 20-30 years among Russian emigration. The most significant contribution to the theoretical development of the doctrine of the ideocratic state was made by N.N. Alekseev. It was he who generalized the ideas of the Eurasians, conceptualizing them into a legally sound theory of demotic ideocracy or a guarantee state.Conclusion.Ideocracy is a concept of governance based on the postulate of idealism, based on which the definition of the state as a single super-organic entity, where the idea shared by all the people rules.
The abolition of serfdom and the situation of the post-Reform peasantry in Russia in the assessments of V. P. Meshchersky
Authors: Ipatov A. M. , Oboimova R. V. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The article attempts to present an assessment by the influential conservative publicist and publicsher of the magazine "Citizen" V. P. Meshchersky of the events of the abolition of serfdom and the post-reform situation of the Russian peasantry. Turning to the study of this question allows us to expand the understanding of existing opinions about the problem under study.The purpose of the study is to analyze, on the basis of modern achievements of historical science, the assessments of the abolition of serfdom and the post-reform status of the peasantry by the influential Russian publicist V. P. Meshchersky.Objectives: to analyze the sources and historiography on the topic under study; to focus on the socio-political views of Prince V. P. Meshchersky and their uniqueness, or, on the contrary, typical for the environment of domestic conservatives of the second half of the XIX century; to try to reconstruct, on the basis of his assessments, the perception by an influential publicist of the events of the abolition of serfdom and the prevailing post-reform situation of the peasantry.Methodology. The presented research is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, consistency, which are closely interrelated with the dialectical method, as well as on general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization.Results. The conducted research allowed us to focus on the significant interest of Prince V. P. Meshchersky in the peasant issue, the abolition of serfdom and its practical implementation. At the same time, remaining a representative of the noble class, he largely expressed his thoughts on the post-reform situation of the peasantry from the point of view of the interests of landowners, emphasizing that in conditions of political immaturity of the broad masses of the population and lack of experience in independent economic activity, many peasants are waiting for ruin and impoverishment.Conclusion. Vladimir Petrovich Meshchersky's views on the abolition of serfdom and the post-reform situation of the peasantry mostly coincided with the opinions of other representatives of the conservative camp, except for the editorial office of the newspaper "Vesti". They were largely the result of his worldview on the paternalistic nature of relations between landlords and serfs, so the prince, being a staunch supporter of the liberation of the peasants, was dissatisfied with its implementation in practice. He based his conclusions on what he saw during numerous trips around the country.
The organization of provincial control bodies in 1920-1922: based on the materials of the Kursk region
Authors: Nemkova D. S. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. In modern conditions, the main directions of reforming control (supervisory) activities are to increase its efficiency and effectiveness, reduce the administrative burden on enterprises and entrepreneurs. The improvement of control (supervisory) activities remains relevant in the context of increased external sanctions pressure. At the same time, the history of the control system, which extended to all types and forms of public administration and economic activity, remains poorly understood in terms of existing regional experience. The study of the formation of control bodies in the Soviet state is of particular practical interest, since it allows accumulating achievements and mistakes of the past, thereby setting benchmarks in the present.Purpose. The study of the experience of organizing socialist control bodies in 1920-1922 on the example of the Kursk provincial branch of the Workers' and Peasants' Inspection.The objectives of the article follow from the set goal and consist in investigating the conditions and methods of work of the Kursk provincial department of the Workers' and Peasants' Inspection during the designated period.Methodology. During the research of the designated topic, the author used both general scientific methods of cognition, such as analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, and special historical methods: problem-chronological, comparative historical.Results. The study of the working conditions of the Kursk provincial department of the Workers' and Peasants' Inspection in the designated period allowed, in historical retrospect, to determine the specifics of the methods used by it, as well as to establish the reasons for the subsequent reforms.Conclusion. The basis for the unification of party and Soviet state control was the analysis of the provincial experience of the RKI in 1920-1922. A significant obstacle to the broader development of both organizational and auditing activities of the Kursk Provincial Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the period under study was the insufficient number and low level of their training.
Constitutional legal limits to privacy protection
Authors: Kamenskii M. A. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The right to privacy, as one of the basic constitutional rights of man and citizen, is subject to protection in accordance with Art. 23, 24 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. On the basis of constitutional justice and the scientific views of theorists, the content of the law in question is disclosed, problems of a legislative and terminological nature that affect its content and the establishment of limits of constitutional legal protection are described.The purpose of the study is to supplement theoretical provisions that contribute to the deepening of scientific knowledge about the protection of the constitutional right to privacy, its content and the limits of constitutional legal protection.Objectives: to analyze the practice of the Constitutional and Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in cases of protecting the right to privacy and the scientific positions of scientists regarding its concept; describe the state of constitutional and legal protection and the content of the right in question; identify legislative and terminological gaps impeding its proper protection; define the boundaries of constitutional legal protection.Methodology. The study was carried out using methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, documentary, formal-legal, system-analytical and formal-logical methods. The results of the study are formulated theoretical provisions characterizing the content of the right to privacy and the objective limits of its constitutional and legal protection.Conclusion. In the theory of constitutional law and the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, there is a change in the trend in the interpretation of the right to privacy from «negative» to «positive». It is transformed by supplementing the concept of private life with new types of information that make it up (the right to genetic inviolability, inviolability of personal data, secrecy when using reproductive technologies, etc.). A forecast is given on the modernization of the system of personal human rights with the recognition of an independent right to protect personal data.
The right to protect the image of a minor: methods of implementation and specifics of protection
Authors: Grigorieva I. M. 
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The article analyzes the problems of protecting the image of minors in accordance with Art. 152.1 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, including judicial methods of its protection. The inconsistency of judicial practice on the application of provisions on the protection of the right to inviolability of the image of children is noted. An assessment of the norm under consideration in the context of law enforcement is given and legislative solutions are proposed to eliminate the shortcomings of its revision.The purpose of the study is to supplement and develop theoretical provisions that contribute to the deepening of scientific knowledge on the protection of the right to image children and the uniform application of Art. 152.1 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.Objectives: to analyze the decisions and decisions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, courts of general jurisdiction in cases of protecting the right to image a minor; identify the reasons for the inconsistency of court decisions that impede the proper protection of this right; clarify the existing gaps in the version of Art. 152.1 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation; formulate proposals aimed at improving the protection of photographs and video images of minors.Methodology. When writing the article, the author used methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as dialectical-materialistic, formal-legal, formal-logical, system-analytical, documentary methods, as well as a method for generalizing judicial practice. The results of the study are applied and are reflected in the findings and formulated proposals for solving theoretical and practical problems related to the protection of the image of minors.Conclusion. The norm on the protection of the right to image requires modernization in terms of eliminating gaps that require the attention of the legislator. To overcome the contradictory interpretation of its meaning and the disunity of judicial practice, it is necessary to consolidate the concept of consent as a bilateral civil law transaction, introduce property compensation, and determine the rights of the second parent in case of his disagreement with the use of the child's image.
Usability Assessment Methods for Mobile Apps for Physical Rehabilitation: Umbrella Review
Authors: Hach Sylvia , Alder Gemma , Stavric Verna , Taylor Denise , Signal Nada 
Published: July 2024

Background
Usability has been touted as one determiner of success of mobile health (mHealth) interventions. Multiple systematic reviews of usability assessment approaches for different mHealth solutions for physical rehabilitation are available. However, there is a lack of synthesis in this portion of the literature, which results in clinicians and developers devoting a significant amount of time and effort in analyzing and summarizing a large body of systematic reviews.

Objective
This study aims to summarize systematic reviews examining usability assessment instruments, or measurements tools, in mHealth interventions including physical rehabilitation.

Methods
An umbrella review was conducted according to a published registered protocol. A topic-based search of PubMed, Cochrane, IEEE Xplore, Epistemonikos, Web of Science, and CINAHL Complete was conducted from January 2015 to April 2023 for systematic reviews investigating usability assessment instruments in mHealth interventions including physical exercise rehabilitation. Eligibility screening included date, language, participant, and article type. Data extraction and assessment of the methodological quality (AMSTAR 2 [A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2]) was completed and tabulated for synthesis.

Results
A total of 12 systematic reviews were included, of which 3 (25%) did not refer to any theoretical usability framework and the remaining (n=9, 75%) most commonly referenced the ISO framework. The sample referenced a total of 32 usability assessment instruments and 66 custom-made, as well as hybrid, instruments. Information on psychometric properties was included for 9 (28%) instruments with satisfactory internal consistency and structural validity. A lack of reliability, responsiveness, and cross-cultural validity data was found. The methodological quality of the systematic reviews was limited, with 8 (67%) studies displaying 2 or more critical weaknesses.

Conclusions
There is significant diversity in the usability assessment of mHealth for rehabilitation, and a link to theoretical models is often lacking. There is widespread use of custom-made instruments, and preexisting instruments often do not display sufficient psychometric strength. As a result, existing mHealth usability evaluations are difficult to compare. It is proposed that multimethod usability assessment is used and that, in the selection of usability assessment instruments, there is a focus on explicit reference to their theoretical underpinning and acceptable psychometric properties. This could be facilitated by a closer collaboration between researchers, developers, and clinicians throughout the phases of mHealth tool development.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42022338785; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails
National and Regional Trends in the Prevalence of Hypertension in South Korea Amid the Pandemic, 2009-2022: Nationwide Study of Over 3 Million Individuals
Authors: Lee Hyeri , Kim Minji , Woo Selin , Park Jaeyu , Kim Hyeon Jin , Kwon Rosie , Koyanagi Ai , Smith Lee , Kim Min Seo , López Sánchez Guillermo F , Dragioti Elena , Lee Jinseok , Lee Hayeon , Rahmati Masoud , Rhee Sang Youl , Lee Jun Hyuk , Woo Ho Geol , Yon Dong Keon 
Published: July 2024

Background
Understanding the association between hypertension prevalence and socioeconomic and behavioral variables during a pandemic is essential, and this analysis should extend beyond short-term trends.

Objective
This study aims to examine long-term trends in the prevalence of participants diagnosed with and receiving treatment for hypertension, using data collected by a nationally representative survey from 2009 to 2022, which includes the COVID-19 pandemic era.

Methods
A nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional study used data collected from the South Korea Community Health Survey between 2009 and 2022. The study sample comprised 3,208,710 Korean adults over a period of 14 years. We aimed to assess trends in the prevalence of participants diagnosed with and receiving treatment for hypertension in the national population from 2009 to 2022, with a specific focus on the COVID-19 pandemic, using weighted linear regression models.

Results
Among the included 3,072,546 Korean adults, 794,239 (25.85%) were aged 19-39 years, 1,179,388 (38.38%) were aged 40-59 years; 948,097 (30.86%) were aged 60-79 years, and 150,822 (4.91%) were aged 80 years or older. A total of 1,426,379 (46.42%) were men; 761,896 (24.80%) and 712,264 (23.18%) were diagnosed with and received treatment for hypertension, respectively. Although the overall prevalence over the 14-year period increased, the upward trends of patients diagnosed with and receiving treatment for hypertension decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic era compared with the prepandemic era (β difference for trend during vs before the pandemic –.101, 95% CI –0.107 to –0.094 vs –.133, 95% CI –0.140 to –0.127). Notably, the trends in prevalence during the pandemic were less pronounced in subgroups of older adults (≥60 years old) and individuals with higher alcohol consumption (≥5 days/month).

Conclusions
This nationwide representative study found that the national prevalence of participants diagnosed with and receiving treatment for hypertension increased during the prepandemic era. However, there was a marked decrease in these trends during the prepandemic era, compared with the pandemic era, particularly among specific subgroups at increased risk of negative outcomes. Future studies are needed to evaluate the factors associated with changes in the prevalence of hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic.