bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infectious Risk Moments: A Novel, Human Factors–Informed Approach to Infection Prevention
Authors: Clack Lauren , Schmutz Jan , Manser Tanja , Sax Hugo 
Published: June 2014

We pilot tested a novel human factors–informed concept to identify infectious risk moments (IRMs) that occur with high frequency during routine intensive care. Following 30 observation-hours, 28 potential IRMs related to hand hygiene, gloves, and objects were expert rated. A comprehensive IRM inventory may provide valuable taxonomy for research, training, and intervention.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(8):1051–1055
A Plant‐Level, Spatial, Bioeconomic Model of Plant Disease Diffusion and Control: Grapevine Leafroll Disease
Authors: Atallah Shady S. , Gómez Miguel I. , Conrad Jon M. , Nyrop Jan P. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractGrapevine leafroll disease threatens the economic sustainability of the grape and wine industry in the United States and around the world. This viral disease reduces yield, delays fruit ripening, and affects wine quality. Although there is new information on the disease spatial‐dynamic diffusion, little is known about profit‐maximizing control strategies. Using cellular automata, we model the disease spatial‐dynamic diffusion for individual plants in a vineyard, evaluate nonspatial and spatial control strategies, and rank them based on vineyard expected net present values. Nonspatial strategies consist of roguing and replacing symptomatic grapevines. In spatial strategies, symptomatic vines are rogued and replaced, and their nonsymptomatic neighbors are virus‐tested, then rogued and replaced if the test is positive. Both nonspatial and spatial classes of strategies are formulated and examined with and without considering vine age. We find that spatial strategies targeting immediate neighbors of symptomatic vines dominate nonspatial strategies, increasing the vineyard expected net present value by 18% to 19% relative to the strategy of no disease control. We also find that age‐structured disease control is preferred to non‐age‐structured control but only for nonspatial strategies. Sensitivity analyses show that disease eradication is possible if either the disease transmission rate or the virus undetectability period is substantially reduced.
Omega: an Overlap-graphde novoAssembler for Metagenomics
Authors: Haider Bahlul , Ahn Tae-Hyuk , Bushnell Brian , Chai Juanjuan , Copeland Alex , Pan Chongle 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMotivation : Metagenomic sequencing allows reconstruction of microbial genomes directly from environmental samples. Omega ( o verlap-graph me ta g enome a ssembler) was developed for assembling and scaffolding Illumina sequencing data of microbial communities.Results : Omega found overlaps between reads using a prefix/suffix hash table. The overlap graph of reads was simplified by removing transitive edges and trimming short branches. Unitigs were generated based on minimum cost flow analysis of the overlap graph and then merged to contigs and scaffolds using mate-pair information. In comparison with three de Bruijn graph assemblers (SOAPdenovo, IDBA-UD and MetaVelvet), Omega provided comparable overall performance on a HiSeq 100-bp dataset and superior performance on a MiSeq 300-bp dataset. In comparison with Celera on the MiSeq dataset, Omega provided more continuous assemblies overall using a fraction of the computing time of existing overlap-layout-consensus assemblers. This indicates Omega can more efficiently assemble longer Illumina reads, and at deeper coverage, for metagenomic datasets.Availability and implementation : Implemented in C++ with source code and binaries freely available at http://omega.omicsbio.org .Contact : panc@ornl.govSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Inflammasomes and intestinal homeostasis: regulating and connecting infection, inflammation and the microbiota
Authors: Gagliani Nicola , Palm Noah W. , de Zoete Marcel R. , Flavell Richard A. 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Inflammasomes are large cytosolic protein complexes that detect infection and stress-associated signals and promote immediate inflammatory responses. In the intestine, activation of the inflammasome leads to an inflammatory response that is important for controlling enteric infections but can also result in pathological tissue damage. Recent studies have suggested that the inflammasome also regulates intestinal homeostasis through its effects on the intestinal microbiota. Notably, many conflicting studies have been published regarding the effect of inflammasome deficiencies on intestinal homeostasis. Here, we attempt to reconcile these contrasting data by highlighting the many ways that the inflammasome contributes to intestinal homeostasis and pathology and exploring the potential role of alterations in the microbiota in these conflicting studies.
Proton Gradient Regulation5-Like1-Mediated Cyclic Electron Flow Is Crucial for Acclimation to Anoxia and Complementary to Nonphotochemical Quenching in Stress Adaptation
Authors: Kukuczka Bernadeta , Magneschi Leonardo , Petroutsos Dimitris , Steinbeck Janina , Bald Till , Powikrowska Marta , Fufezan Christian , Finazzi Giovanni , Hippler Michael 
Published: June 2014

AbstractTo investigate the functional importance of Proton Gradient Regulation5-Like1 (PGRL1) for photosynthetic performances in the moss Physcomitrella patens, we generated a pgrl1 knockout mutant. Functional analysis revealed diminished nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) as well as decreased capacity for cyclic electron flow (CEF) in pgrl1. Under anoxia, where CEF is induced, quantitative proteomics evidenced severe down-regulation of photosystems but up-regulation of the chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase complex, plastocyanin, and Ca2+ sensors in the mutant, indicating that the absence of PGRL1 triggered a mechanism compensatory for diminished CEF. On the other hand, proteins required for NPQ, such as light-harvesting complex stress-related protein1 (LHCSR1), violaxanthin de-epoxidase, and PSII subunit S, remained stable. To further investigate the interrelation between CEF and NPQ, we generated a pgrl1 npq4 double mutant in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii lacking both PGRL1 and LHCSR3 expression. Phenotypic comparative analyses of this double mutant, together with the single knockout strains and with the P. patens pgrl1, demonstrated that PGRL1 is crucial for acclimation to high light and anoxia in both organisms. Moreover, the data generated for the C. reinhardtii double mutant clearly showed a complementary role of PGRL1 and LHCSR3 in managing high light stress response. We conclude that both proteins are needed for photoprotection and for survival under low oxygen, underpinning a tight link between CEF and NPQ in oxygenic photosynthesis. Given the complementarity of the energy-dependent component of NPQ (qE) and PGRL1-mediated CEF, we suggest that PGRL1 is a capacitor linked to the evolution of the PSII subunit S-dependent qE in terrestrial plants.
The MADS-Domain Factors AGAMOUS-LIKE15 and AGAMOUS-LIKE18, along with SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE and AGAMOUS-LIKE24, Are Necessary to Block Floral Gene Expression during the Vegetative Phase
Authors: Fernandez Donna E. , Wang Chieh-Ting , Zheng Yumei , Adamczyk Benjamin J. , Singhal Rajneesh , Hall Pamela K. , Perry Sharyn E. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractMultiple factors, including the MADS-domain proteins AGAMOUS-LIKE15 (AGL15) and AGL18, contribute to the regulation of the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. AGL15 and AGL18 were previously shown to act redundantly as floral repressors and upstream of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). A series of genetic and molecular experiments, primarily focused on AGL15, was performed to more clearly define their role. agl15 agl18 mutations fail to suppress ft mutations but show additive interactions with short vegetative phase (svp) mutations in ft and suppressor of constans1 (soc1) backgrounds. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses with AGL15-specific antibodies indicate that AGL15 binds directly to the FT locus at sites that partially overlap those bound by SVP and FLOWERING LOCUS C. In addition, expression of AGL15 in the phloem effectively restores wild-type flowering times in agl15 agl18 mutants. When agl15 agl18 mutations are combined with agl24 svp mutations, the plants show upward curling of rosette and cauline leaves, in addition to early flowering. The change in leaf morphology is associated with elevated levels of FT and ectopic expression of SEPALLATA3 (SEP3), leading to ectopic expression of floral genes. Leaf curling is suppressed by sep3 and ft mutations and enhanced by soc1 mutations. Thus, AGL15 and AGL18, along with SVP and AGL24, are necessary to block initiation of floral programs in vegetative organs.
The roles and competencies of HR managers in Slovenian multinational companies
Authors: Kohont Andrej , Brewster Chris 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The HRM literature provides various typologies of the HR managers’ roles in organizations. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the roles and required competencies of HR managers in Slovenian multinational companies change when these companies enter the international arena.Design/methodology/approach– The authors explored the total population of 25 Slovenian multinational companies (MNCs) operating in Serbia. In these companies the authors conducted interviews with 16 expatriates working in branches in Serbia, sent questionnaires to the CEOs, and conducted a survey of 50 HR managers and interviews with 15 of them. The authors used a triangulation approach and analyzed the results by multivariate methods and content analysis.Findings– The authors found that the complexity of HR managers’ roles, and expectations of their competencies, increases with an increasing level of internationalization of companies. Orientation to people and conflict resolution are seen as elementary competencies needed in all stages of internationalization. The key competence is seen to be strategic thinking that, according to CEOs and expatriates, goes hand in hand with cultural sensitivity, openness to change and a comprehensive understanding of the international environment and business processes.Practical implications– These results can potentially be used for assessing the HRM roles and competencies in different stages of company internationalization, especially MNCs operating in the ex-communist states of Europe, and will help HR managers to support expatriates, CEOs and other employees working in branches abroad more efficiently.Originality/value– This study contributes to the review and evaluation of the quite limited research on HR managers’ roles and competencies in MNCs. It focuses on MNCs and outward internationalization in the Central and Eastern European region. It contributes to studies of the HR managers’ roles and competencies and is the first study to establish a set of roles and competencies for HR managers in Slovenian MNCs.
Leadership, work stress and employee behavior
Authors: Yao Yan-Hong , Fan Ying-Ying , Guo Yong-Xing , Li Yuan 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– This paper aims to explore the influences of leadership and work stress on employee behavior, and the moderating effects of transactional and transformational leadership on the relationship between work stress and employee negative behavior.Design/methodology/approach– Using convenience sampling method, the authors investigated employees from 20 firms in different places and industries, and 347 valid questionnaires were collected. SPSS18.0 statistical analysis software was used for reliability and validity analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis to test the hypothesis.Findings– The empirical results show that there is a positive correlation between work stress and employee negative behavior. Transformational leadership has negative impacts on work stress and employee negative behavior, whereas transactional leadership has positive influences. Moreover, transactional leadership strengthens the influence of work stress on employee negative behavior, whereas transformational leadership has no moderating effect.Practical implications– First, enterprises should take employees’ stress tolerance into account in selection and recruitment, and enhance stress management. Second, by demonstrating inspirational vision and personal charisma, open leadership style, rather than short-term transactional behavior, will motivate subordinates more effectively. Finally, distribution system should be improved to achieve principle and procedural justice.Originality/value– The paper extends the research on employee behavior by investigating the impacts of leadership and work stress. According to Chinese social, economic and cultural characteristics, this research examines the influence of contemporary Chinese mindset and pluralistic values on employee behavior. Open leadership is proposed as a new leadership style, which contributes to improving leadership behavior and preventing negative behavior in workplace.
Analytical-numerical procedure incorporating cracking in RC beams
Authors: Patel K.A. , Chaudhary Sandeep , Nagpal A.K. 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop, for use in everyday design, a procedure that incorporates the effect of concrete cracking in reinforced concrete (RC) beams at service load and requires computational efforts which is a fraction of that required for the available methods. Further for ease of use in everyday design the reinforcement input data is minimized. The procedure has been demonstrated for continuous beams and is under development for tall building frames.

Design/methodology/approach
– The procedure is analytical at the element level and numerical at the structural level. A cracked span length beam element consisting of three cracked zones and two uncracked zones has been used. Closed form expressions for flexibility coefficients, end displacements, crack lengths, and mid-span deflection of the cracked span length beam element have been presented. In order to keep the procedure analytical at the element level, average tension stiffening characteristics are arrived at for cracked zones.

Findings
– The proposed procedure, at minimal computation effort and minimal reinforcement input data, yields results that are close to experimental and finite element method results.

Practical implications
– The procedure can be used in everyday design since it requires minimal computational effort and minimal reinforcement input data.

Originality/value
– A procedure that requires minimal computational effort and minimal reinforcement input data for incorporating concrete cracking effects in RC structures at service load has been developed for use in everyday design.
Numerical research on relationship between flow pattern transition and condensation heat transfer in microchannel
Authors: Sun Dongliang , Xu Jinliang , Ding Peng 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– Based on the numerical research on the relationship between the flow pattern transition and the condensation heat transfer in circular microchannels, the purpose of this paper is to bring forward a concept of external separation circular microchannel to regulate and control the flow pattern for enhancing the condensation heat transfer.Design/methodology/approach– The numerical research is based on the volume of fluid method and the vapor-liquid phase change model proposed by the present authors.Findings– By numerical research on the condensation process of water in a general circular microchannel, it is discovered that, with the increase of the inlet velocity and the reduction of the temperature difference between the saturation temperature and the channel wall temperature, the bubble detachment frequency is raised and the water vapor condensation length is extended, representing an exponential growth. Therefore, for the condensation process with low temperature difference and high mass flow rate, it is in urgent need to regulate and control the flow pattern.Originality/value– To prevent the flow pattern in the general circular microchannel converted from annular flow to slug flow and then to bubble flow, this paper brings forward a concept of external separation circular microchannel, which regulates and controls the flow pattern by discharging partial liquid from the annular wall opening. After regulation and control, the flow pattern is converted from original periodic annular flow/slug flow/bubble flow to current stable annular flow. Accordingly, the heat transfer performance is enhanced and the condensation length is lowered remarkably.
Inter-generational transfer under Islamic perspective
Authors: Ghafar Ismail Abdul , Taufiq Possumah Bayu , Najib Abdul Kadir Mohd 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– The aim of this paper is to examine the inter-generational transfer by not only looking at the monetary transfer as discussed by many economists and sociologists but also by advancing the conceptual discussion and illustrating it with some examples of empirical comparison.Design/methodology/approach– This paper provides recent theoretical and empirical work on inter-generational transfer from the viewpoint of different systems and compares it to the Islamic view of inheritance.Findings– One finding of this paper is that the Islamic inheritance system is a socially and economically more comprehensive and broad framework than inter-generational transfers from another system.Originality/value– This paper is considered as an original approach to the framework of the Quranic basic source and Islamic literature regarding inter-generational transfer compared to another system.
Does the importance of hotel attributes differ for senior tourists?
Authors: Caber Meltem , Albayrak Tahir 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to identify the importance of hotel attributes for pre-senior and senior tourists when selecting a hotel.

Design/methodology/approach
– Three market segments (German, Dutch and British) were selected as the sample of the research. The Callan and Bowman’s (2000) scale was employed and data obtained from 13 five star hotels in Antalya, Turkey.

Findings
– Results of the study showed that “value for money” and “availability of organized entertainment in the hotel” were important attributes for senior British tourists when compared to other participants. Dutch senior tourists attached more importance to food service attributes (“small food portions” and “special dietary menus”) than did the other respondents.

Practical implications
– Research results confirmed the importance of staff attributes (“politeness of staff” and “friendliness of staff”) for customer satisfaction. This finding highlights the need for training programmes targeting hospitality employees, with a specific focus on meeting customers’ demands for receiving friendly and polite service.

Originality/value
– The present study intends to contribute to the literature on senior tourist market by identifying the importance of hotel attributes for three market segments (Germany, England and The Netherlands).
Breaching the urban contract
Authors: Charlesworth Esther , Fien John 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to identify practical lessons for urban managers involved in the post-disaster field, drawing on research about ethnic division, conflict and reconstruction in five divided cities.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper analyses the original case study fieldwork in the five divided cities to identify how the concept of “urban contract” can be used to explain the impacts of different levels of resilience to conflict or disaster. It also examines the importance of rebuilding the urban contract for community resilience as the key to “building back better” in urban reconstruction.

Findings
– This analysis indicates three important lessons about the importance of the “urban contract” in building disaster resilience. The first is that disasters, like conflict, can be anticipated and strategies put in place to strengthen the social networks on which community resilience depends – and that such anticipatory behaviour provides the time to do this. The second finding is that dispersing people away from a damaged neighbourhood for any period but the absolute minimum necessary to ensure public health and community well-being should be avoided at all costs. The third finding relates to the importance of using skilled public consultation and engagement in physical reconstruction as a way of enhancing social reconstruction.

Originality/value
– This is the first paper to draw parallels between the impacts of conflict and disasters on the urban contract between city managers and citizens. As well as identifying key lessons for disaster resilience, the paper makes a strong theoretical contribution by pointing to the significance of the urban contract in wider studies of cities and disasters.
Some design aspects of sustainable post-disaster housing
Authors: Tucker Simon , Gamage Arosha , Wijeyesekera Chitral 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to discuss selected aspects of the design of post-disaster housing building on current guidance in this area. The paper focuses on the use of appropriate materials and technology to suit the climate and site and draws lessons from traditional housing types and settlement patterns.

Design/methodology/approach
– A case study of a design project is used to illustrate an approach toward sustainable design. The approach is structured and could therefore fit into the wider structures and frameworks of providing such housing.

Findings
– A design was generated that meets many of the desired environmental criteria. It was also found that important design resources are required by the design team not mentioned in the existing guidelines.

Research limitations/implications
– A limitation of the paper is that the design is hypothetical and there has been no input from prospective inhabitants or other groups.

Practical implications
– The design approach illustrated here may be of use to relief organizations working in the field and also could be used to develop further awareness of sustainability. Organizations that provide for and coordinate post-disaster construction could consider making further design resources available as part of a project.

Social implications
– The study addresses the design of housing, which itself is an activity located in society.

Originality/value
– The paper adds to the discussion on the design of post-disaster housing and supports the argument that such housing can help to support wider and longer-term development.
Dubai Shopping Festival: tourists’ nationality and travel motives
Authors: Peter Sangeeta , Anandkumar Victor 
Published: June 2014

Purpose
– Tourists differ in their needs, motives and activities but they can be described based on demographic characteristics, nationality being one of them. The purpose of this paper is to compare the different nationalities travelling to Dubai during the Dubai Shopping Festival on their travel motives.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were collected from 604 English-speaking tourists, using the mall intercept technique, during the XVIII edition of the shopping festival from January-February 2013.

Findings
– The study found that a total of 23 nationalities differed on their travel motives.

Research limitations/implications
– Only English-speaking tourists were included in the study.

Practical implications
– Tourists from different nationalities differ on their travel motives .The findings of this study will help the Destination Marketing Organisation in understanding the travel motives of the tourists which would help in developing products and market-specific destination promotion.

Originality/value
– Shopping festivals are being promoted by various destinations as a tourism product. Yet there is a lack of research literature on this topic. This empirical study on travel motives of international tourists visiting a shopping festival will be a worthy addition to the literature.