bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic stress experience and burnout syndrome have appreciable influence on health‐related quality of life in patients with psoriasis
Authors: Breuer K. , Göldner F.M. , Jäger B. , Werfel T. , Schmid‐Ott G. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis has a negative impact on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and may favour mental comorbidity.ObjectiveTo investigate the contribution of chronic stress and burnout experience to HRQoL and how mental health influences the efficacy of an inpatient rehabilitation measure in psoriasis patients.MethodsEighty‐four psoriasis patients taking part in a 3‐week inpatient rehabilitation measure participated in the study. Severity of psoriasis was assessed with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and by patients' self‐evaluation at the beginning and end of treatment. The following aspects of mental health were explored using validated questionnaires. Symptoms of chronic stress and burnout experience: Trier Inventory for the Assessment of Chronic Stress (TICS) and Shirom Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM). Symptoms of depression: depression scale of the Patient Health Questionnaire in the German version (PHQ‐D). HRQoL: Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Short Form Health Survey‐8 (SF‐8).ResultsLinear regression analyses revealed that chronic stress, burnout experience and perceived symptom severity but not clinician‐assessed severity of psoriasis had independent negative effects on HRQoL. Patients who achieved a PASI reduction of <75% at discharge from the rehabilitation measure had lower baseline QoL and showed more symptoms of depression, chronic stress and burnout than patients who achieved a PASI improvement of ≥75.ConclusionChronic stress and burnout have appreciable influence on HRQoL and may adversely affect treatment success in psoriasis patients. Our data underscore the importance of a multidimensional approach in the management of psoriasis.
Evaluation of Key Factors Influencing Histamine Formation and Accumulation in Fermented Sausages
Authors: Wang Xin Hui , Ren Hong Yang , Wang Wei , Bai Ting , Li Jun Xia 
Published: March 2015

AbstractThe key factors influencing histamine accumulation in fermented sausages were investigated. Although Lactobacillus salivarius R06 with positive amino acid decarboxylase was inoculated, histamine was not detected in batch A without histidine availability. About 52.1 mg/kg of histamine was observed in batch B with the addition of 80 mg/kg histidine. Under sterilized condition, both histamine production and histamine‐forming bacteria were not detected in batch C. About 37.6 mg/kg histamine and 4.19 log10 cfu/g of histamine‐forming bacteria were presented in batch D by a spontaneous fermentation. Approximately 60% of histamine in batch F was degraded by Staphylococcus epidermidis R11 with amine oxidase activity. Additionally, histamine content in fermented sausages increased with rising temperature at storage. These findings indicate that histidine availability as a limiting factor and the presence of histamine‐forming bacteria as indispensable factor are responsible for histamine formation. The strains with amine oxidase activity contribute to histamine accumulation reduction. Storage temperature has a direct effect on further formation of histamine in fermented sausages.Practical ApplicationsHigh levels of histamine have been described in fermented sausages, which are a major problem for public health and food safety. Thus, it is worthwhile to improve knowledge of the factors involved in histamine accumulation to control histamine accumulation in fermented sausages. In this study, the key factors, including histidine availability, the presence of strains with decarboxylase activity, the presence of strains with amine oxidase activity and storage temperature influencing histamine accumulation in fermented sausages were investigated. These findings indicate that the key actions to prevent histamine accumulation must be addressed toward a reduction of the numbers of undesirable microorganisms and histamine‐forming microorganisms to control the proteolytic and decarboxylase activities and use of adjunct cultures with amine oxidase activity to degrade histamine. Additionally, fermented sausages should be stored immediately at low temperature after ripening.
A National Assessment of Colleges and University School Health Education Methods Courses
Authors: Fisher Christine M. , Price James H. , Telljohann Susan K. , Dake Joseph A. 
Published: March 2015

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAcross the United States, school health education programs provide a wide variety of knowledge and skills to their students. There are currently no guidelines for school health methods courses.METHODSUsing a 2‐wave mailing followed by a third wave e‐mail reminder, a final population of 226 university school health methods instructors at school health preparation programs were surveyed.RESULTSA total of 138 completed surveys (61%) were returned. The topics taught in school health education methods courses emphasized the most included aligning objectives, instruction, and assessment (79%); development of lesson plans (73%); teaching methods that engage learners (72%); and application of the National Health Education Standards and performance indicators (69%). The content taught and how the instructors assessed their students differed statistically by 1 or more of the following: whether they had a health education degree, had experience teaching in the public schools, and if their program was accredited.CONCLUSIONSThis study provides information regarding what school health methods instructors across the United States are teaching in their classes. Using this information as a baseline can serve as a guide for preservice faculty teaching a school health methods course.
Families' Experiences of Seeking Out‐of‐Home Accommodation for Their Adult Child With an Intellectual Disability
Authors: Grey Jillian M. , Griffith Gemma M. , Totsika Vasiliki , Hastings Richard P. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractResearch exploring the experiences of families during the process of seeking out‐of‐home accommodation for an adult son or daughter with intellectual disability is scarce. A study was undertaken to examine this process. Nine families currently seeking out‐of‐home accommodation for their adult son or daughter were interviewed and interview data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Two main themes were identified: (1) reasons for seeking housing and (2) experiences of seeking housing. Parents' aging and increased health problems along with the offspring's wish for greater independence were the main reasons for seeking out‐of home accommodation. Experiences of looking for a house were not straightforward in that parents often wanted to plan ahead but were prevented from doing so as the housing system prioritizes “housing crises.” Findings showed that families experienced seeking housing as stressful and frustrating and would like to see social care and housing professionals acknowledge them as collaborative partners in the process. The authors conclude there also needs to be greater clarity of expectation of the duration of finding suitable accommodation, a process that needs to be started early in a young adult's life.
Long‐term outcome of liver transplant patients with Budd‐Chiari syndrome secondary to myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Potthoff Andrej , Attia Dina , Pischke Sven , Mederacke Ingmar , Beutel Gernot , Rifai Kinan , Deterding Katja , Heiringhoff Karlheinz , Klempnauer Jürgen , Strassburg Christian P. , Manns Michael P. , Bahr Matthias J. 
Published: March 2015

AbstractBackgroundA considerable proportion of patients receiving liver transplants for Budd‐Chiari syndrome (BCS) suffer from myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). This study evaluated the long‐term prognosis of liver‐transplanted patients with BCS secondary to MPN and the effect of immunosuppression on MPN progression.MethodsA total of 78 patients with BCS were evaluated between 1982 and 2013. Of those, 40 patients suffered from polycythaemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythaemia (ET). One patient had primary myelofibrosis (PMF). All patients received the standard immunosuppressive regimen. We retrospectively evaluated the long‐term survival, clinical course and laboratory parameters of patients with MPN.ResultsExactly 29/41 patients (71%) with MPN survived ≥ 3 years [mean age 36 ± 11 years; females n = 27 (93%)]. Mean follow‐up after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) was 12.4 ± 7.3 years (range 3–28 years). Five‐ and 10‐year survival rates were not significantly different in patients with and without MPN (P = 0.81 and P = 0.66 respectively) or in patients with PV and ET (P = 0.29 and P = 0.55 respectively). Thrombosis and bleeding developed in 7/29 (24%) long‐term MPN survivors with no significant difference between ET and PV (P = 0.18). In the long‐term follow‐up, there was no evidence of progression to overt myelofibrosis or acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). In the uni‐ and multivariate Cox‐regression analyses, MPN did not influence survival after OLT.ConclusionsBudd‐Chiari syndrome patients with and without underlying MPN had similar long‐term survival rates after OLT. There was no evidence of enhanced progression of MPN after OLT secondary to immunosuppressive therapy. However, major haemorrhage and recurrent thrombosis contributed to morbidity and mortality after OLT in those patients.
Foliar terpenoid levels and corresponding gene expression are systemically and differentially induced in Eucalyptus grandis clonal genotypes in response to Chrysoporthe austroafricana challenge
Authors: Visser E. A. , Mangwanda R. , Becker J. V. W. , Külheim C. , Foley W. J. , Myburg A. A. , Naidoo S. 
Published: March 2015

Induction of systemic defences to fungal pathogens is well described in model plant systems, but not extensively studied in large woody perennials. Systemic induced defences in long‐lived tree species, such as Eucalyptus grandis, could provide resistance against subsequent biotic challenges. Terpenoids are a class of plant‐specialized metabolites implicated in defence against herbivores and pathogens. The aim of this study was to characterize the systemic induction of terpenoids in E. grandis clones challenged with the fungal pathogen Chrysoporthe austroafricana. Ramets of E. grandis clones previously classified as moderately resistant (TAG5) and susceptible (ZG14) were inoculated with C. austroafricana on the main stem, with mock‐inoculated ramets to serve as controls. Leaf tissue was harvested 3 days post‐inoculation and terpenoid levels were measured using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Foliar mRNA abundance profiles of four candidate terpenoid biosynthesis pathway genes were compared in inoculated and mock‐inoculated ramets of each genotype. Monoterpene levels differed between clonal genotypes and p‐cymene was induced systemically in TAG5. Expression profiling of geranyl pyrophosphate synthase (EgrGPPS), farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (EgrFPPS2), myrcene synthase (EgrTPS084) and β‐caryophyllene synthase (EgrTPS038) show induction of transcripts involved in terpenoid biosynthesis in leaves following pathogen challenge on the main stem. Together these results suggest that resistant and susceptible Eucalyptus genotypes may have different constitutive and induced terpenoid profiles. The significance of the systemic induction of terpenoid levels in TAG5 and terpenoid biosynthesis transcripts in both genotypes in response to C. austroafricana challenge in the stem, and their role in defence against secondary biotic attack, remains to be determined.
Small Area Estimation to Quantify Discontinuities in Repeated Sample Surveys
Authors: Brakel Jan A. , Buelens Bart , Boonstra Harm-Jan 
Published: March 2015

SummaryDuring redesigns of repeated surveys, the old and new approaches are often conducted in parallel to quantify discontinuities that are initiated by modifications in the survey process. For budget limitations, the sample size allocated to the alternative approach is often considerably smaller compared with the regular survey that is used for official publication. In this paper, small area estimation techniques are considered to improve the accuracy of domain estimates obtained under the alternative approach. Besides auxiliary information that is available from administrations, direct domain estimates available from the regular survey are useful auxiliary variables to construct model-based small area estimators. These methods are applied to a redesign of the Dutch Crime Victimization Survey.
Théorèmes de type Fouvry–Iwaniec pour les entiers friables
Authors: Drappeau Sary 
Published: March 2015

An integer $n$ is said to be $y$-friable if its largest prime factor $P^{+}(n)$ is less than $y$. In this paper, it is shown that the $y$-friable integers less than $x$ have a weak exponent of distribution at least $3/5-{\it\varepsilon}$ when $(\log x)^{c}\leqslant x\leqslant x^{1/c}$ for some $c=c({\it\varepsilon})\geqslant 1$, that is to say, they are well distributed in the residue classes of a fixed integer $a$, on average over moduli ${\leqslant}x^{3/5-{\it\varepsilon}}$ for each fixed $a\neq 0$ and ${\it\varepsilon}>0$. We apply this to the estimation of the sum $\sum _{2\leqslant n\leqslant x,P^{+}(n)\leqslant y}{\it\tau}(n-1)$ when $(\log x)^{c}\leqslant y$. This follows and improves on previous work of Fouvry and Tenenbaum. Our proof combines the dispersion method of Linnik in the setting of Bombieri, Fouvry, Friedlander and Iwaniec with recent work of Harper on friable integers in arithmetic progressions.
Foothills Decompression/Recompression Facilities Unique Power Recovery Application in Gas Pipelines
Authors: Kitt Stanley R. , Rose Bruce D. 
Published: March 2015

Foothills Pipe Lines Ltd. is the Canadian sponsor of the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System (ANGTS), a pipeline project selected in Canada and the United States as the means for transporting Alaskan gas reserves to the lower 48 United States. Currently, certain Prebuild portions of the ANCTS are in operation delivering Canadian gas to U.S. markets.
Recent system expansion of the Eastern Leg Prebuild to accommodate increased Canadian gas exports entailed the construction of Decompression/Recompression facilities at Empress, Alberta to enable high pressure operation of the Foothills pipeline while maintaining gas stripping at existing low pressure extraction plants. The general process of the Decompression/Recompression facilities involves the expansion of high pressure pipeline gas to conditions acceptable to the low pressure extraction plants, then the recompression of the residue gas for return to the pipeline at original pressure. By directing the inlet gas through turbo expanders coupled to brake compressors, a substantial portion of the expansion energy is captured and used in providing the first stage of gas recompression. Including supplemental conventional compression, the Decompression/Recompression facilities are capable of providing approximately 37 MW (50 000 HP) for continuous gas recompression.
Although power recovery with turbo expanders is relatively common in the gas processing industry, such application for gas recompression in large gas pipelines is unique. This technical paper describes the Foothills Decompression/Recompression facilities with their utilization of turbo expanders for pipeline recompression service, emphasizing the process design as well as the characteristics of the rotating equipment.
Evaluation of Leasing Versus Purchasing Water Treatment Equipment for Cogeneration Projects
Authors: Gagnon S. R. , Guidotti H. A. 
Published: March 2015

The need for high purity water for both water and steam injection into gas turbines has become more evident over the past twenty years. Changing environmental concerns and the need for highly trained personnel have prompted a closer look at permanently installed water treatment systems versus leased, mobile systems. Water availability, water quality, discharge limitations, and licensing have all become key issues in new system development.
Traditional permanently installed water treatment systems with on site regeneration of resins must now be evaluated against new options available to developers and operators of gas turbine installations. The leased mobile systems, as evaluated in this paper, are trailer mounted, self contained units, which will have all regeneration of resins done off site at the vendor’s facility. The units are under the direct control of the vendor, with the only responsibility of the site being the delivery of power and water to the trailers. For clarity, this paper will use the term “Permanent System” to refer to a traditional water treatment plant installation under the control of the plant, and the term “Mobile System” to refer to a leased mobile system under the control of the system vendor.
This paper will provide conceptual designs for water treatment systems at two sites, for both permanently installed and leased mobile water treatment systems. It will examine the cost impact that each option has on installation, operation and maintenance. Different modes of operation will be examined to determine the optimal system. The results of this optimization will consist of an illustration of equipment, operating cost, capital cost, and advantages and disadvantages of purchasing versus leasing.
This paper does not address the leasing of a permanent water treatment system in lieu of purchasing the permanent equipment outright, as that would merely be an exercise in financing options.
Optimized Ultra High Efficiency Filter for High-Efficiency Industrial Combustion Turbines
Authors: Yu Henry H. S. , Gdulding Cecil H. 
Published: March 2015

For modern high efficiency aero-derivative combustion turbines there is an urgent need for ultra high efficiency inlet air filters with a low initial pressure drop. Often high efficiency filters are associated with high pressure drop (e.g. HEPA). In this paper, through a mathematical analysis and design optimization, a new type of ultra high efficiency (>97% for 0.3 μm diameter particle), high capacity, and low pressure drop (0.5” w.g. at face velocity of 500 fpm) combustion turbine filter, particularly suitable for applications in the urban environment is presented.
In mathematical analysis, a closed form analytical solution from Navier-Stoke’s equation for air flow between filter pleat spacing with uniform mass addition and extraction is applied to each finite element along the pleat channel. The optimum pleat aspect ratio is obtained by combining the expressions for the axial pressure gradient for upstream channel with mass extraction, the axial pressure gradient for downstream channel with mass addition, and the filter media flow characteristics for finite elements along the filter pleat channel with varying wall flow rates.
Self-Excited Vibration of Plugs in Regulating Valves
Authors: Vlček V. , Dobiăš I. 
Published: March 2015

Experimental research aimed at the increasing regulating valve reliability is described. In particular, vibration measurements of elastically supported plugs on axisymmetric models and on models with rectangular cross-section of the flow field (“2D-model”) are described and discussed. Both models, geometrically similar with regard to the passage area, were designed so that the elasticity of the plug support could be simulated.
It has been shown that, in certain bands of the working parameters, self-excited transversal vibration of the plug appears. The boundaries of the self-excitation occurence have a certain hysteresis, which depends on working parameters. They are also influenced by the shape of the plug base. In the 2D-model, flow visualization and quantitative optical measurements, using the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, were made simultaneously with the vibration measurements. The influence of the plug vibration on breaking of vortices in the diffuser is shown.
The LM6000 Gas Turbine as a Mechanical Drive Power Source
Authors: Casper R. L. , Spector R. B. 
Published: March 2015

The LM6000 Gas Turbine was formally introduced at the IGTI Gas Turbine Conference in Brussels in 1990. It was immediately accepted for power generation/cogeneration applications; however, inquiries were received concerning the use of the LM6000 gas turbine for mechanical drive applications. These inquiries included the amount of power available with decreasing gas turbine speed, breakaway torque capability and resonant free operation over a broad speed range.
This paper discusses the engineering studies performed to ensure that the LM6000 will be a suitable power source for mechanical drive applications in the 30–40 MW power range.
Studies of Jet Thermal Stability in a Flowing System
Authors: Heneghan S. P. , Martel C. R. , Williams T. F. , Ballal D. R. 
Published: March 2015

A flowing, single-pass heat exchanger test rig, with a fuel capacity of 189 litres, has been developed to evaluate jet fuel thermal stability. This so called, “Phoenix Rig” is capable of supplying jet fuel to a 2.15 mm I.D. tube at a pressure up to 3.45 MPa, fuel temperature up to 900K, and a fuel-tube Reynolds number in the range 300–11,000. Using this test rig, fuel thermal stability (carbon deposition rate), dissolved oxygen consumption, and methane production were measured for three baseline jet fuels and three fuels blended with additives. Such measurement were performed under oxygen-saturation or oxygen-starved conditions.
Tests with all of the blended fuel samples showed a noticeable improvement in fuel thermal stability. Both block temperature and test duration increased the total carbon deposits in a nonlinear fashion. Interestingly, those fuels that need a higher threshold temperature to force the consumption of oxygen exhibited greater carbon deposits than those that consume oxygen at a lower temperature. These observations suggested a complicated relationship between the formation of carbon deposits and the temperature-driven consumption of oxygen. A simple analysis, based on a bi-molecular reaction rate, correctly accounted for the shape of the oxygen consumption curve for various fuels. This analysis yielded estimates of global bulk parameters of oxygen consumption. The test rig yielded quantitative results which will be very useful in evaluating fuel additives, understanding the chemistry of deposit formation, and eventually developing a global chemistry model.
Achieving Manufacturing Excellence for Gas Turbine Components Through Focused Implementation of Technology
Authors: Hayner Chester 
Published: March 2015

This paper explains how focused implementation of a broad range of technologies was used as the key strategy resulting in the establishment of highly efficient, dedicated facility for manufacture of gas turbine disk, hub, and drum rotor components.
The physical and operational constraints associated with the conversion of an existing operating facility, along with the rigid time constraints, required a carefully phased and integrated plan.
Reviews and tradeoffs of each of the many available manufacturing technologies are discussed and those selected, such as flowline units, group technology, rule based design/manufacturing and product improvement teams are explained in the context of their implementation phase-in.
Before and after performance results are provided and on-going enhancements of this manufacturing system are covered.