bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Five-year Favorable Outcome of Patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis in the 2000s: Data from the ESPOIR Cohort
Authors: Combe Bernard , Rincheval Nathalie , Benessiano Joelle , Berenbaum Francis , Cantagrel Alain , Daurès Jean-Pierre , Dougados Maxime , Fardellone Patrice , Fautrel Bruno , Flipo Rene M. , Goupille Philippe , Guillemin Francis , Le Loët Xavier , Logeart Isabelle , Mariette Xavier , Meyer Olivier , Ravaud Philippe , Saraux Alain , Schaeverbeke Thierry , Sibilia Jean 
Published: August 2013

Objective.To report the 5-year outcome of a large prospective cohort of patients with very early rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to identify factors predictive of outcome.Methods.Patients were recruited if they had early arthritis of < 6 months’ duration, had a high probability of developing RA, and had never been prescribed disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) or steroids. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors that predict outcome.Results.We included 813 patients from December 2002 to April 2005. Age was 48.1 ± 12.6 years, delay before referral 103.1 ± 52.4 days, 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) 5.1 ± 1.3, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) 1.0 ± 0.7; 45.8% and 38.7% had rheumatoid factor or antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), respectively; 22% had hand or foot erosions; 78.5% fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria for RA at baseline and 93.8% during followup. At 5 years, 573 patients were evaluated. The outcome was mild for most patients: disease activity (median DAS28 = 2.5) and HAQ disability (median 0.3) were well controlled over time; 50.6% achieved DAS28 remission and 64.7% low disease activity. Radiographic progression was low (2.9 Sharp unit/year) and only a few patients required joint surgery. Nevertheless, some patients developed new comorbidities. During the 5 years, 82.7% of patients had received at least 1 DMARD (methotrexate, 65.9%), 18.3% a biological DMARD, and about 60% prednisone at least once. Anti-CCP was the best predictor of remaining in the cohort for 5 years, of prescription of synthetic or biologic DMARD, and of radiographic progression.Conclusion.The 5-year outcome of an early RA cohort in the 2000s was described. Anti-CCP was a robust predictor of outcome. The generally good 5-year outcome could be related to early referral and early effective treatment, key processes in the management of early RA in daily practice.
Le CECRL : un outil pour construire une politique des langues ? Retour d’expérience sur l’évaluation et la certification à l’UPMC (2009/2011)
Authors: Brudermann Cédric , Demaison Christine , Benderdouche Faouzia 
Published: August 2013

Dans le cadre d’une nouvelle politique au sein du Département des Langues de l’Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris), des enseignants-chercheurs ont cherché à créer un dispositif cohérent prenant en compte contexte, besoins et objectifs de certification en langues. Pour ce faire, un triple projet a été mené : création d’un test de positionnement, adossement des enseignements au CECRL et certification par le CLES. L’article se propose de revenir sur les trois dernières années de cette mise en œuvre.Nous présenterons d’abord les conditions de création du test de positionnement de l’UPMC corrélé au CECRL, ses objectifs, ainsi que son mode de fonctionnement. Dans un deuxième temps, nous observerons les impulsions pédagogiques liées à la création du test et à l’exigence de certification. Nous analyserons ensuite les résultats du dispositif en liaison avec la certification par le CLES. Enfin, nous observerons les conditions de l’évolution de ce dispositif.
Validation d’acquis en français sur objectif universitaire (FOU) : quelques pratiques actuelles et propositions à considérer au regard du CECRL
Authors: Gettliffe Nathalie 
Published: August 2013

À l’heure de la mise en place d’une politique des langues commune pour le secteur Langues pour spécialistes d’autres disciplines (LANSAD) de l’Université de Strasbourg, la question des certifications est au centre des préoccupations. Quel niveau exiger en fin de parcours universitaire, et comment valider des niveaux de compétences en langue sur objectifs spécifiques tout en s’appuyant sur les principes du Cadre européen commun de référence pour les langues (CECRL) ?Notre regard se portera sur les mobilités entrantes et les dispositifs accompagnant les étudiants étrangers à l’Université de Strasbourg. Nous présenterons les résultats d’entretiens avec des intervenants en FOU concernant le contenu des parcours qu’ils proposent dans différentes disciplines et les validations s’appuyant sur des descripteurs du CECRL qui y sont associées.
Langue de spécialité et TICE au cœur d’un projet pédagogique international
Authors: Broadbridge Judith , Charriau Veronique 
Published: August 2013

Dans le cadre d’un projet tuteuré, dix étudiants d’IUT ont correspondu pendant six mois par mél, Skype et chat avec des étudiants irlandais et britanniques. Ces correspondances avaient pour but, outre la pratique de la langue, de mettre des compétences techniques et communicationnelles au service de la production de travaux communs (exposé technique, blog, site Web).Si l’utilisation des technologies de l’information et de la communication pour l’enseignement (TICE) stimule les étudiants, très à l’aise avec ces moyens de communication, ce type de projet est-il réellement productif en termes linguistiques ? Quels sont les apports pour la langue de spécialité ? Quels objectifs pédagogiques lui fixer ? Comment concilier les différences des systèmes éducatifs ? Quelles sont les difficultés pratiques de mise en oeuvre d’un tel projet ? Comment l’évaluer ? Nous nous proposons, par le biais de cette étude de cas, de partager notre expérience et d’apporter quelques éléments de réponse à ces questions.
L’éthique dans l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues de spécialité : le cas de l’espagnol en Économie
Authors: Iglesias-Philippot Yannick 
Published: August 2013

Dans quelle mesure l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues de spécialité contribue-t-il à développer la compétence éthique dans la formation des étudiants LANSAD ? Existe-t-il une spécificité de l’enseignement LANSAD et, si oui, est-il possible d’en définir les principaux objectifs et compétences ? Je serai ainsi amenée à évoquer certaines caractéristiques fondamentales de la langue de spécialité, comme l’acquisition des compétences transversales et la professionnalisation, l’objectif final étant la formation d’un « acteur social ». J’essayerai ensuite de démontrer que la compétence éthique occupe une place centrale en Didactique des Langues-Cultures, car elle oriente et détermine l’élaboration du cursus en LANSAD et j’illustrerai à l’aide d’exemples concrets en espagnol de l’économie comment mettre en œuvre l’acquisition de cette compétence tout en soulignant sa complexité. En effet, la formation à la compétence éthique va de pair avec la formation d’un « acteur social » et renvoie aussi à l’autonomisation de l’étudiant, à la responsabilisation de l’étudiant et de l’enseignant, à la formation à la compétence informationnelle ou encore à la dimension collective et collaborative du projet pédagogique.
Postfixed Brachial Plexus Radiculopathy Due to Thoracic Disc Herniation in a Collegiate Wrestler: A Case Report
Authors: Kuzma Scott A. , Doberstein Scott T. , Rushlow David R. 
Published: August 2013

Objective:
To present the unique case of a collegiate wrestler with C7 neurologic symptoms due to T1–T2 disc herniation.

Background:
A 23-year-old male collegiate wrestler injured his neck in a wrestling tournament match and experienced pain, weakness, and numbness in his left upper extremity. He completed that match and 1 additional match that day with mild symptoms. Evaluation by a certified athletic trainer 6 days postinjury showed radiculopathy in the C7 distribution of his left upper extremity. He was evaluated further by the team physician, a primary care physician, and a neurosurgeon.

Differential Diagnosis:
Cervical spine injury, stinger/burner, peripheral nerve injury, spinal cord injury, thoracic outlet syndrome, brachial plexus radiculopathy.

Treatment:
The patient initially underwent nonoperative management with ice, heat, massage, electrical stimulation, shortwave diathermy, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs without symptom resolution. Cervical spine radiographs were negative for bony pathologic conditions. Magnetic resonance imaging showed evidence of T1–T2 disc herniation. The patient underwent surgery to resolve the symptoms and enable him to participate for the remainder of the wrestling season.

Uniqueness:
Whereas brachial plexus radiculopathy commonly is seen in collision sports, a postfixed brachial plexus in which the T2 nerve root has substantial contribution to the innervation of the upper extremity is a rare anatomic variation with which many health care providers are unfamiliar.

Conclusions:
The injury sustained by the wrestler appeared to be C7 radiculopathy due to a brachial plexus traction injury. However, it ultimately was diagnosed as radiculopathy due to a T1–T2 thoracic intervertebral disc herniation causing impingement of a postfixed brachial plexus and required surgical intervention. Athletic trainers and physicians need to be aware of the anatomic variations of the brachial plexus when evaluating and caring for patients with suspected brachial plexus radiculopathies.
Ad Libitum Fluid Intake and Plasma Responses After Pickle Juice, Hypertonic Saline, or Deionized Water Ingestion
Authors: Allen Scott , Miller Kevin C. , Albrecht Jay , Garden-Robinson Julie , Blodgett-Salafia Elizabeth 
Published: August 2013

Context:
Adding sodium (Na+) to drinks improves rehydration and ad libitum fluid consumption. Clinicians (∼25%) use pickle juice (PJ) to treat cramping. Scientists warn against PJ ingestion, fearing it will cause rapid plasma volume restoration and thereby decrease thirst and delay rehydration. Advice about drinking PJ has been developed but never tested.

Objective:
To determine if drinking small volumes of PJ, hypertonic saline (HS), or deionized water (DIW) affects ad libitum DIW ingestion, plasma variables, or perceptual indicators.

Design:
Crossover study.

Setting:
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Fifteen, euhydrated (urine specific gravity ≤ 1.01) men (age = 22 ± 2 years, height = 178 ± 6 cm, mass = 82.9 ± 8.4 kg).

Intervention(s):
Participants completed 3 testing days (≥72 hours between days). After a 30-minute rest, a blood sample was collected. Participants completed 60 minutes of hard exercise (temperature = 36 ± 2°C, relative humidity = 16 ± 1%). Postexercise, they rested for 30 minutes; had a blood sample collected; rated thirst, fullness, and nausea; and ingested 83 ± 8 mL of PJ, HS, or DIW. They rated drink palatability (100-mm visual analog scale) and were allowed to drink DIW ad libitum for 60 minutes. Blood samples and thirst, fullness, and nausea ratings (100-mm visual analog scales) were collected at 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes posttreatment drink ingestion.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Ad libitum DIW volume, percentage change in plasma volume, plasma osmolality (OSMp,) plasma sodium concentration ([Na+]p), and thirst, fullness, nausea, and palatability ratings.

Results:
Participants consumed more DIW ad libitum after HS (708.03 ± 371.03 mL) than after DIW (532.99 ± 337.14 mL, P &lt; .05). Ad libitum DIW ingested after PJ (700.35 ± 366.15 mL) was similar to that after HS and DIW (P &gt; .05). Plasma sodium concentration, OSMp, percentage change in plasma volume, thirst, fullness, and nausea did not differ among treatment drinks over time (P &gt; .05). Deionized water (73 ± 14 mm) was more palatable than HS (17 ± 13 mm) or PJ (26 ± 16 mm, P &lt; .05).

Conclusions:
The rationale behind advice about drinking PJ is questionable. Participants drank more, not less, after PJ ingestion, and plasma variables and perceptual indicators were similar after PJ and DIW ingestion. Pickle juice did not inhibit short-term rehydration.
Motion in the Unstable Cervical Spine When Transferring a Patient Positioned Prone to a Spine Board
Authors: Conrad Bryan P. , Marchese Diana L. , Rechtine Glenn R. , Prasarn Mark , Del Rossi Gianluca , Horodyski MaryBeth H. 
Published: August 2013

Context:
Two methods have been proposed to transfer an individual in the prone position to a spine board. Researchers do not know which method provides the best immobilization.

Objective:
To determine if motion produced in the unstable cervical spine differs between 2 prone logrolling techniques and to evaluate the effect of equipment on the motion produced during prone logrolling.

Design:
Crossover study.

Setting:
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Tests were performed on 5 fresh cadavers (3 men, 2 women; age = 83 ± 8 years, mass = 61.2 ± 14.1 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Three-dimensional motions were recorded during 2 prone logroll protocols (pull, push) in cadavers with an unstable cervical spine. Three equipment conditions were evaluated: football shoulder pads and helmet, rigid cervical collar, and no equipment. The mean range of motion was calculated for each test condition.

Results:
The pull technique produced 16% more motion than the push technique in the lateral-bending angulation direction (F1,4 = 19.922, P = .01, η2 = 0.833). Whereas the collar-only condition and, to a lesser extent, the football-shoulder-pads-and-helmet condition demonstrated trends toward providing more stability than the no-equipment condition, we found no differences among equipment conditions. We noted an interaction between technique and equipment, with the pull maneuver performed without equipment producing more anteroposterior motion than the push maneuver in any of the equipment conditions.

Conclusions:
We saw a slight difference in the motion measured during the 2 prone logrolling techniques tested, with less lateral-bending and anteroposterior motion produced with the logroll push than the pull technique. Therefore, we recommend adopting the push technique as the preferred spine-boarding maneuver when a patient is found in the prone position. Researchers should continue to seek improved methods for performing prone spine-board transfers to further decrease the motion produced in the unstable spine.
Acute Wallerian degeneration of middle cerebellar peduncles due to basilar artery thrombosis
Authors: Gala Foram , Becker Anton , Pfeiffer Markus , Kollias Spyros 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWallerian degeneration (WD) is the process of demyelination and disintegration of the distal axonal segment following the interruption of the axonal integrity or damage to the neuron. We report a patient having WD of middle cerebellar peduncles due to pontine infarction caused by basilar artery thrombosis. We review the anatomy and discuss the pathogenesis of this condition.
Peridynamic State-Based Models and the Embedded-Atom Model
Authors: Seleson Pablo , Parks Michael L. , Gunzburger Max 
Published: August 2013

AbstractWe investigate connections between nonlocal continuum models and molecular dynamics. A continuous upscaling of molecular dynamics models of the form of the embedded-atom model is presented, providing means for simulating molecular dynamics systems at greatly reduced cost. Results are presented for structured and structureless material models, supported by computational experiments. The nonlocal continuum models are shown to be instances of the state-based peridynamics theory. Connections relating multibody peridynamic models and upscaled nonlocal continuum models are derived.
Adolescent Health-Tackling Menstrual Hygiene Issue through Social Marketing of Sanitary Napkins Scheme: An Evaluation Study from Haryana
Authors: Singh Amarjeet , Sinha Smita 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives
Menstrual hygiene is far from satisfactory among a large proportion of Indian women. To overcome the barriers for using sanitary napkins among rural women in Haryana, a social marketing scheme was launched. As the program is in nascent stage of implementation the factors influencing it need to be evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the stakeholder's perspectives and factors influencing this scheme.

Materials and methods
We carried out a qualitative study during April’ 2011 in Lalpur, Naraingarh, Ambala, Northern India. The experience and opinion of rural girls, women, ANM, ASHA and Sakshar Mahila Samooh (SMS) members were elicited during 10 in-depth interviews and four FGDs.

Results
Majority of women were motivated to use sanitary napkins. They perceived that use of sanitary napkin was beneficial for them. The grass root workers involved in production work of sanitary napkins were disappointed with irregular flow of funds. The other stakeholders in the community were not actively involved in the implementation of this scheme.

Conclusion
To conclude, there is a huge marketing potential of low cost sanitary napkins in this rural area of Haryana. The program needs to actively involve various stakeholders and to ensure regular flow of fund.

How to cite this article
Sinha S, Singh A. Adolescent Health-Tackling Menstrual Hygiene Issue through Social Marketing of Sanitary Napkins Scheme: An Evaluation study from Haryana J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(3):127-130.
A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study of the Role of Heparin in Preventing Deep Venous Thrombosis in Postoperative Craniotomy Patients
Authors: Prakash Mahesh , Malhotra Pankaj , Singla Navneet , Bendapudi Durga Prasad , Chhabra Rajesh , Gupta Sunil Kumar 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT

Background
Patients undergoing surgery for intracranial tumors are at significant risk of developing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) due to postoperative immobilization. The role of heparin prophylaxis in preventing this complication and the risk of intracranial hemorrhagic complications due to anticoagulation is not well established. The present study was designed to address this issue.

Materials and methods
A prospective randomized study was conducted to include 100 patients who were undergoing surgery for intracranial tumors. Patients who were immobilized in bed for more than 48 hours after surgery were included. The patients were categorized into two groups depending upon whether they received heparin prophylaxis or not. Further each group was subdivided into two based upon the duration of surgery: Less than or more than 3 hours. The incidence of DVT and of postoperative hemorrhagic complications was studied in all the groups. Various demographic as well as risk factors were analyzed to assess their impact on the incidence of DVT.

Results
Overall incidence of DVT was 17%. Incidence of DVT was 12% in patients who received heparin as compared to 22% who did not. However, this difference did not reach statistical significance. The incidence was almost double when the duration of surgery was more than 3 hours. Patients with 2 or more risk factors had an increased frequency of DVT. One patient in the heparin positive group died as a result of postoperative hemorrhagic complication.

Conclusion
The incidence of DVT was found to be numerically lower in patients who received postoperative heparin as well as in patients in whom the duration of surgery was less than 3 hours.

How to cite this article
Singla N, Bendapudi DP, Chhabra R, Malhotra P, Prakash M, Gupta SK. A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study of the Role of Heparin in Preventing Deep Venous Thrombosis in Postoperative Craniotomy Patients. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(3):131-137.
Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices of Caregivers Regarding Home Based Bedsore Care in Chandigarh, North India
Authors: Kaur Sukhpal , Singh Amarjeet , Sharma Upasana 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT

Background
Bedsores are quite frequent in bedridden cases. Caregivers have an important role in the management of such cases.

Objectives
To assess the knowledge, beliefs and practices of caregivers regarding bedsore care practices and management.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chandigarh from September to November 2011. Caregivers were interviewed about the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding care of bedridden patients and their problems like bedsores.

Results
Data was collected from 42 bedridden cases (22 males and 20 females). Age was 18 to 90 years. Bedsores were found in 10 bedridden cases. Most common underlying diagnosis was neurological disease in 24 cases. Twenty-nine patients consulted government hospitals. Earlier episode of bedsore was experienced in about 14 cases. In 24 cases bed sheet was changed daily. In 11 cases, for more than two times patient had to wait for more than half an hour if urine/stools were passed in bed. In six cases unqualified practitioners were also consulted. Thirty-seven of them complied with the physician's advice. Seventeen of the caregivers were aware of the warning signs of development of bedsores. Exercises were not performed in 26 cases. Different dressing regimes were reported viz til oil, desi ghee, platelet ointment, paraffin wax, etc.

Conclusion
Quality of care of bedridden was not good. There is a need for formal training for the caregivers as most of them were untrained. Evaluation of various dressing regimes for bedsores is needed.

How to cite this article
Sharma U, Kaur S, Singh A. Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices of Caregivers Regarding Home Based Bedsore Care in Chandigarh, North India. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(3):138-143.
Preference for Male Child in Two Semiurban Communities of Pune
Authors: Singh Amarjeet , Bhatnagar Nidhi , Dudeja Puja , Jindal Ashok 
Published: August 2013

ABSTRACT
A strong preference for male child exists in our society. Most of the factors that compel or favor son preference are social in origin. A cross-sectional study was conducted to ascertain preference for male child in married females of two semiurban communities in Pune and determinants thereof. Unit of study was a married woman in reproductive age group of 16 to 45 years. A close-ended, pretested structured interview schedule was prepared. Face-to-face interview was conducted with the respondents. Preference for a male child was taken as presence of sex preference in the respondent. Data was analyzed using EPI 2002 software. Preference for male child was present in half of the respondents. Remaining half believed that it is not necessary for each couple to have a male child. Proportion of women with preference for a male child decreased as the educational level of women increased and it was found that there was a significant linear relationship between literacy status and son preference (p < 0.05). Significantly more (64%) of joint family respondents had son preference than nuclear family (40%). The odds of a respondent from a joint family having a son preference were 2.6 times that of a respondent in nuclear (p < 0.05). Hindus had significantly more preference for male child as compared to non-Hindus. The most common reason for desire to have a male child was ‘an expectation of security in old age’. Others reasons included ‘to perform last rites’ and ‘to make in-laws happy’.

How to cite this article
Dudeja P, Singh A, Jindal A, Bhatnagar N. Preference for Male Child in Two Semiurban Communities of Pune. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(3):144-147.