bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating hydrodynamic performances of the designed leisure boats: a study considering hull shape and dimension variations
Authors: Ihsanudin Wahid Nur , Prabowo Aditya Rio , Muhayat Nurul , Adiputra Ristiyanto , Bahatmaka Aldias , Baek Seung Jun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Abundant marine natural resources make Indonesia have potential in the field of marine tourism. Karimunjawa is one of the regions that still relies on marine tourism as the main sector in supporting the economy. Unfortunately, the existing modes of marine tourism transportation are dominated by traditional ships that have low performance, safety, and comfort. Therefore, infrastructure development is needed by developing a leisure boat design that has stability and good ship movement so that tourists are comfortable and safe on the trip. This study focuses on optimizing the hydrodynamic characteristics of leisure boats with variations in hull shape and hull dimensions adjusted to the characteristics of waters in Karimunjawa. The research was conducted by designing and analyzing 16 variations of hull models based on 5 reference ships. The regression approach is carried out on the dimensions of the reference ship to obtain variations in ship dimensions, then variations in hull shape include deep v, shallow v, flat bottom and round bottom. Each model variation is tested for resistance, stability, and seakeeping to determine the hydrodynamic performance of each model. Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) calculations are carried out afterwards to get the best tourist hull design. Then a sensitivity analysis was carried out on each variation to determine the influence of variations in dimensions and hull shape. The results showed the Deep V D model as the best model based on MADM calculations and hull shape variations had a significant influence on the hydrodynamic performance of the ship. It is hoped that this model can help the development of safe and comfortable tourist boats in accordance with the characteristics of the waters in Karimunjawa.
A novel programmable gain control low noise amplifier (PGCLNA) design for automatic gain control loop in BLE applications
Authors: Neeraja Pasupuleti , Khan Md Sameeulla 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Bluetooth low energy (BLE) is a widely used short-range communication protocol and BLE receivers frequently encounter transient high-power RF (radio frequency) signals from antennas, leading to receiver saturation. To address this issue, this work proposes a 2.4 GHz programmable gain control low-noise amplifier (PGCLNA), which is a key element in an automatic gain control (AGC) system for BLE receiver applications. The proposed PGCLNA achieves discrete levels of gain using the g

m
-boosting technique by splitting the negative feedback. The proposed circuit is simulated in UMC 180 nm technology and the maximum gain achieved is 41.4 dB, with a step decrease of 15 dB in discrete levels. The gain variations do not degrade the performance of S11, which is always less than -16 dB. The noise figure (NF) is always minimum of 5.5 dB and in high gain mode, the minimum value of NF is 1.82 dB. The third-order intercept point (IIP3) is −7.621 dBm in the best circumstances and always remains above −10.69 dBm. These results are achieved by utilising 5.4 mW power at 1.8 V of supply voltage. The circuit occupies an area of 732 μm × 771 μm. The proposed PGCLNA design offers a solution to accommodate a wide range of input signals in BLE receivers, excellent gain control, low noise and robust performance characteristics, making it an essential component in an AGC system for BLE receiver applications.
Advancing efficiency: comprehensive strategies for minimizing optical and electrical losses in group III-V compound tandem solar cells for future photovoltaic technology
Authors: Soley Swati S , Verma Shrikant , Khatri Narendra , Pokhriyal Sumit 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Global energy consumption is rising, and fossil resources are dwindling, driving demand for clean, affordable energy. Solar power is the most promising alternative energy source and can meet future energy needs. In terrestrial photovoltaics, low-cost Silicon solar cells dominate. However, as the single junction silicon solar cells are approaching their highest achievable efficiency of 30%, high-efficiency, ‘group III-V Compound’ semiconductor tandem solar cells are being considered as an alternative energy source. The absorption capacity of the wide range of solar radiation photons enables them to achieve high efficiency. However, further improvement in efficiency is constrained due to the various loss mechanisms that occur during the physical process of converting light to electrical energy in ‘group III-V compound’ tandem solar cells. Extensive research is being conducted to develop solution approaches to minimize the loss mechanisms in order to improve efficiency. Although many published review articles have studied the research progress of ‘group III-V compound’ solar cells based on fabrication techniques, applications, status, and challenges, there is no article mentioning a comprehensive and comparative study of strategies employed by researchers to enhance efficiency in ‘group III-V compounds’ tandem solar cells considering loss mechanisms. The present study focuses on discussing the fundamental losses in ‘group III-V compounds’ tandem solar cells and various strategies employed by researchers to reduce optical and electrical losses to improve the efficiency of these devices so that they may be employed in terrestrial applications.
Biodiversity on the line: life cycle impact assessment of power lines on birds and mammals in Norway
Authors: Gilad Dafna , Borgelt Jan , May Roel , Verones Francesca 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The global shift towards renewable energy plays an important role in fighting climate change. To facilitate the global growth of renewable energy production, the expansion of the electric grid becomes inevitable. Yet further construction of power lines poses a risk to biodiversity. Power lines traverse natural habitats and can lead to habitat conversion, fragmentation, and loss. Moreover, due to collisions and electrocutions, power lines kill hundreds of millions of birds each year. These impacts, however, have so far not been incorporated into decision-making. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a widely used framework to compare environmental impacts and support decision-makers in planning and promoting sustainable strategies. We adapted existing life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) models to quantify the three main impacts of power lines on biodiversity: collision, electrocution, and habitat conversion and fragmentation. Our models incorporated species-area and species-habitat relationships to assess the effects of power lines on the diversity of birds and non-flying mammals in Norway, as the country is currently committed to reducing its emissions by expanding its renewable energy capacity. Overall, habitat conversion and fragmentation had the highest impact across the three impact categories, particularly affecting mammal richness. Furthermore, distribution lines often affected species richness more than transmission lines. The effect of the three impact pathways varied among different species groups, highlighting the vulnerability of certain species to habitat change, collision, and electrocution. Integrating LCIA models that quantify the impacts of power lines on biodiversity into LCA can support decision-makers with tools to promote the development of the electric grid without overlooking its effect on species richness. In addition, our models set the stage for a comprehensive assessment of the effects of electricity generation and transmission on biodiversity.
Relational Justice
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
What makes private law private? What is its domain? What are the values it promotes? Relational Justice: A Theory of Private Law addresses these foundational questions in a robust analysis of the key doctrines of private law, including torts, contracts, and restitution. Discarding the vision of private law as a bastion of negative duties of non-interference or efficiency maximization, this book reframes private law in terms of what it calls “relational justice”—reciprocal respect for self-determination and substantive equality. By vindicating self-determination, private law can forge the horizontal interactions vital to the ability to shape and implement a conception of the good life. By structuring these interactions in terms requiring parties to respect one another for who they are, private law can cast them as interactions between equals. In the book’s first part, the authors set out a normative position they term relational justice, whereby the rules of private law abide by the fundamental maxim of reciprocal respect for self-determination and substantive equality. The second part of the book applies this framework to an analysis of familiar private law doctrinal areas, followed by a third part charting newer areas including workplace safety, poverty, discrimination, and implications for international law. Throughout, the authors show how relational justice theory provides a normative vocabulary for evaluating core features of existing private law, while suggesting directions for necessary or desirable reforms.
Private Law
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that civil recourse, though often instrumental and at times even intrinsically valuable to private law, must not serve as its defining characteristic. Private law governs our horizontal, interpersonal interactions in a range of social and economic settings. In sum, it is the law of human relations. Private law meets people while embedded in their various interaction settings, implying they must not be viewed as dissociated individuals. It does not treat individuals as executive agents, nor does it derive their reciprocal obligations from civic duties they may owe to other members of their political communities. We participate in these interpersonal interactions as real individuals with specific life plans, distinctive personhoods, and special circumstances, not as abstract beings. This condition of interdependence means that many of our valuable projects are joint projects, and in pursuing these plans, we may often become vulnerable to or interfere with the legitimate interests of others, both within and without the privity of the joint enterprise.
Justice in Private Law
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Private law invites a conception of interpersonal justice that requires people to treat one another as self-determining and substantively equal. This chapter undertakes the task of articulating the systemic constraints on—and thus guidelines for—translating this maxim of relational justice into the currency of law. It develops four main lessons: (1) A liberal legal order should abide by the rule of law that requires legal prescriptions to be relatively clear, minimizing recourse to individualized knowledge and radical ad hoc judgments. (2) Many legal subjects—especially well-informed and sophisticated ones—may take law’s prescriptions as incentives rather than norms, and the architects of private law must be attentive to these potential responses. (3) The mutual dependence of private and public law implies that public concerns may, at times, override private law or recruit a private law framework to serve a collective goal. Given that the state’s performance of its public law duties impacts people’s circumstances, it may also affect the content of their responsibilities. (4) The realization that the connection between private law and adjudication is contingent implies that the legal articulation of relational justice must pay heed to the institutional and procedural possibilities at hand.
Nonfeasance Liability
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that the rule of nonfeasance liability is best explained as reflecting institutional rather than moral considerations. At the foundational level, tort law is—and should be—hostile to the notion of relieving private persons of easy rescue duties, but in many situations, this hostility does not surface due to institutional limitations. It is found, however, in the form of exceptions to the rule whenever these limitations are eliminated or satisfactorily contained. This chapter shows that this account offers a better explanation than its rivals of the existing doctrine and provides normative resources to lawmakers, enabling them to develop it by recognizing additional exceptions to the rule.
Substantive Remedies
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on a hitherto obscure dimension of tort remedies. Relational justice theory elucidates these remedies, which we call “substantive,” meaning that they do not aim to enforce or vindicate underlying rights but to ensure post-wrong justice. In some cases, concentrating on the parties’ post-wrong situation affects the type of remedy awarded (damages in lieu of injunctive relief). In others—for instance, the tort doctrine of crushing liability—imposes a ceiling on the plaintiff’s compensation. In yet other cases, dealing with the loss of earning capacity or with the thin skull rule, it entails a compensatory floor below which compensation should not go. This chapter shows that these seemingly disparate rules are manifestations of relational justice in the private law context of remedies law rather than embarrassing deviations from the traditional make-whole principle.
Restitution
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The law of restitution is said to be governed by the principle of preventing unjust enrichment. But the distinction between just and unjust enrichment has puzzled generations of judges, lawyers, and scholars. Prominent attempts to do so without relying on an open-ended intuitionist sense of right and wrong fall apart upon scrutiny. This chapter argues that private law’s commitment to relational justice offers the answer and demonstrates this claim through the study of two major paradigmatic categories of the law of restitution: the law of mistaken payments, often described as restitution law’s “core case,” and the doctrines governing self-interested conferral of benefits.
Regulating Workplace Safety
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyzes two legal arrangements for vindicating people’s right to bodily integrity: workers’ compensation schemes and regulatory safety agencies. These arrangements include features that, seemingly confusing if understood as devices attending solely to the public good, make perfect sense when the focus is on their private law task of vindicating relational justice. Distilling the coherence and normative strength of these arrangements helps to defend some of their basic features currently under attack, mainly on collectivist (notably economic) grounds. It also demonstrates that a singular focus on one-to-one adjudication unduly limits the procedural and institutional imagination of the law of horizontal relationships, that is, private law.
Poverty
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Although poverty is widely perceived as only a matter of distributive justice and thus beyond the scope of interpersonal interactions, poverty also has an irreducibly relational dimension since it implicates people’s ability to interact as self-determining and substantively equal persons. Like other social conditions and personal traits that make private discrimination unacceptable, poverty imposes severe limitations on the options available to individuals. It can thus impair their autonomous functioning and also undermine the possibility of relating to others as equals. Accommodating the poor, however, is particularly challenging due to significant operational difficulties in implementing private responsibility for poverty alleviation. This chapter shows, however, that private law can devise appropriate strategies for addressing this operational challenge and has done so to some extent. A particularly attractive strategy animates doctrines like minimum wage and the implied warranty of habitability, where accommodating the poor is built into the terms of the interaction. These doctrines target major spheres of interpersonal interaction—the workplace and the housing markets—where poverty has jeopardized private law’s compliance with relational justice. By setting the appropriate floors (which vary from one society to another), they express the concern of private law with relevant differences between the parties’ economic conditions.
Beyond Borders
Authors: Dagan Hanoch , Dorfman Avihay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Existing private law theory largely confines its domain to the law governing interactions among a state’s citizens, failing to appreciate potential implications beyond its borders. This failure is particularly momentous when grievances raised by victims of transnational wrongs are at stake, and strategies in public and private international law face significant difficulties when addressing them. Some of these difficulties stem from what we call “the missing link of privity,” namely, the reason for imposing the burden of plaintiffs’ vertical rights on putative defendants. The key to the missing link is to identify the normatively acceptable common denominator underlying private law in divergent legal systems—the jus gentium privatum—that can serve as the premise of interpersonal human rights, the anchor for criticizing domestic private law rules, and the foundation for the standing of aggrieved parties vis-à-vis those who wronged them. This chapter argues that the common denominator is the commitment of private law to relational justice. However, it does remain aware of the difference between using relational justice as an aspirational idea and prescribing a global floor that all private law systems must comply with to be legitimate. Relational justice theory acknowledges that states enjoy significant advantages—in terms of both legitimacy and competence—in performing the necessary tasks of elaborating, implementing, and enforcing interpersonal rights and obligations. It does insist, however, that every humanist polity has a compelling reason to acknowledge private law’s minimal requirements of relational justice.
Trampling in the Garden
Authors: Myers K Sara 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 examines a wide range of satiric texts in which the idealized visions of rustic life associated with the garden, whether of those of hoary old Roman tradition or of Alexandrian programmatics, are spoofed and “dirtied.” Ethical, gendered, and generic ideals associated with the garden are debased by the use of rustic settings and lowly characters. Satire veers into invective in its mockery and derision of both poverty and the excessive display of wealth. The Greek and Roman tradition of Priapic epigram is explored in the Carmina Priapea. The Priapic epigram tradition, which in Latin poetry usually entails a garden setting, defines the space of the garden as obscene and as under aggressive masculine control, although this pose is frequently undermined through humor. The satirist’s tendency toward invective and derision has been likened to the pose of Priapus, whose rusticity also mocks literary pretentiousness. Horace in Satires 1.8 finds the Priapic garden useful for his project of self-definition, both in generic and social terms. Martial also adapts the Priapic epigram to his own purposes of generic definition. In the case of Petronius’s Satyricon and the Copa, we find disreputable female garden owners and inhabitants of gardens, whose (predictably) sexual aims debase their garden settings, which contain allusions to Homeric and Vergilian landscapes, thereby creating literary parody. The Moretum and Copa are also best understood within the scoptic traditions of the mockery of poverty and literary parody.
Columella and the Poetics of Horticulture
Authors: Myers K Sara 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chapter 5 takes as its subject Columella’s dual treatment of horticulture in poetry and prose in his agricultural treatise De Re Rustica. This is the first extant treatment of horticulture in Latin literature, and perhaps the first work to include the garden as part of agriculture. Columella justifies its inclusion on literary and economic grounds, which corresponds to his two horticultural passages, one in verse and one in prose (De Re Rustica 10, 11.3). The practical prose version of horticulture in calendrical order supplements the poem, which instead demonstrates Columella’s literary skill. It is the generic contrast which allows Columella to explore poetic modes of representation in Book 10. Columella characterizes his switch to poetic composition as supplying the omitted treatment of gardening in Vergil’s Georgics, which he left to be dealt with by later writers (G. 4.147–48). Acknowledging the metapoetic role of Vergil’s garden, Columella’s hexameter poem represents its own function as a literary ornament, while demonstrating the greater effectiveness of prose for instruction. The poem presents horticulture on a cosmic and imperializing scale, cramming in literary allusions to a wide array of authors and over seventy varieties of plants, from cabbages to roses.
Screening Conjugality
Authors: Tiwary Ishita 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the myriad lives and forms of the marriage video through the oral narratives of videographers and posits video as a close up medium. As a form, the marriage video reinvented weddings to create a new techno-social template. The aesthetics of the marriage video has a direct relationship with technological forms, specifically to the formal and material limitations imposed by video. The ubiquity of the marriage video drew on forms like home movies, ethnographic films, and documentaries. It also shared a mutually constitutive relationship with Bollywood films, sometimes using songs and music to create a heightened emotional experience. This crisscrossing relationship provided a fertile site from which to explore the status of video technology as a mnemonic assemblage.
Unsettling News
Authors: Tiwary Ishita 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter looks at current affairs news magazines, specifically Newstrack. Video magazines in India came into existence in 1987 as Bollywood news magazines and current affairs news magazines. The video news magazine emerged in reaction to Doordarshan’s strict control over news following the Bofors Scandal. Video magazines utilized the circulation offered by video to counter Doordarshan‘s version of news. The video magazine redefined ‘news’, traditionally controlled by the state, converting it into a mega business and establishing an aesthetic that continues to play itself out in the productions of several news channels today. In the absence of access to state-controlled broadcasting space, the video news magazine proved to be an important intervention, technologically, aesthetically, and in terms of circulation.