bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of advanced emergency braking systems in drowsy driving-related real-world truck collisions
Authors: Kawaguchi Kengo , Kumagai Hajime , Sawatari Hiroyuki , Yokoyama Misao , Kiyohara Yuka , Hayashi Mitsuo , Shiomi Toshiaki 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
The effectiveness of advanced emergency braking systems (AEBS) in preventing drowsy driving-related truck collisions remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the damage-mitigation effect of AEBS on drowsy driving-related collisions involving large trucks using collision rate and damage amount.

Methods
Data collected by a Japanese transportation company from 1699 collisions involving 31 107 large trucks over 7 years were analyzed post hoc. The collision rate (number of trucks with collisions/total number of trucks) and damage amount (total amount of property damage and personal injury) were compared based on whether the collisions were caused by drowsy or nondrowsy driving and whether the trucks were equipped with AEBS or not.

Results
For all and nondrowsy driving-related collisions, the collision rate for the 12 887 trucks with AEBS (1.62 and 1.20 collisions/truck/7 years, respectively) was significantly lower than that for the 18 220 trucks without AEBS (1.94 and 1.56 collisions/truck/7 years, respectively; p = .04 and p = .008, respectively). However, for drowsy driving-related collisions, the collision rate did not significantly differ between trucks with and without AEBS. The damage amount in neither type of collision (drowsy vs. nondrowsy) significantly differed between trucks with and without AEBS.

Conclusions
Regarding the collision rate of large trucks, AEBS was effective in nondrowsy driving-related collisions, but not in collisions involving drowsy driving. The damage amount was not mitigated for trucks with and without AEBS regardless of the collision type. The limited effect of AEBS for damage mitigation suggests the need for combined use with other safety-support systems that intervene in driving operations.
A Bulwark against Tyranny? Fear of the Government and Fear-based Gun Purchasing in Recent Years
Authors: Seto Christopher H 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Guns are a central aspect of violence in the United States. A growing body of research seeks to understand social and psychological factors motivating gun ownership, with the concept of fear occupying an important place in this literature. Relying on multiple waves of recent, nationally representative survey data (2015–2021; N=4,767), I argue that fear of the government (e.g., fear of government corruption, overreach, and surveillance) is a primary motivator of gun acquisition and ownership in the United States. Multivariable regression analyses showed that fear of the government has a strong, positive association with purchasing a gun because of one’s fears, controlling for fear of crime, fear of societal instability, and a host of political and sociodemographic characteristics. This association was not contingent on other types of fear, suggesting that fear of the government itself represents a unique, perceived threat among fear-motivated gun owners – one which is distinct from simply lacking confidence in government protection against external threats. Analyses that explored changes over time showed that rising fear of the government among the U.S. public may underlie a substantial portion of increased fear-based gun purchases in recent years. Implications and opportunities for future research are discussed.
Abstract 11: Multicomponent Cord Blood Bank Program, Beyond Transplantation
Authors: Samarkanova Dinara , Castillo Nerea , Azqueta Carmen , Valdivia Elena , Martorell Lluis , Rubio Nuria , Farssac Elisenda , Fernandez-Sojo Jesus , Querol Sergi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In current public cord blood (CB) banking, many of the collected units are considered not suitable for hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) due to their low stem cell counts. New clinical applications are foreseen like specialized hemotherapy shown in the setting of wound healing (Samarkanova, 2020) or neonatal transfusion (Teofili, 2023). In this regard, CB platelet concentrates (PRP), platelet poor plasma (PPP) and red blood cells (RBC) have been used but no standard procedures for their fractionation in a single processing have been well defined.

Objectives
The aim of this study is to validate a processing method for obtaining all blood components in a way for a new model, the multicomponent CB banking, to expand the use of CB beyond transplantation.

Methods
A protocol for multicomponent CB fractionation, using commercially available, closed system was adapted at Barcelona CBB. After double centrifugation, the whole CB, is separated into three fractions: PRP, PPP and RBC. Then, CB-RBC is further diluted with saline-adenine-glucose (SAG) mannitol solution (2:1 rate) and leuco-reduced using a specific filter. Storage condition for CB-PRP and CB-PPP is &lt;-65ºC up to 3 years and for CB- RBC at 2-6°C during 14 days.
For validation, quality control testing was done, using a blood analyzer for platelet and RBC counts. Additionally, for CB-RBC additional parameters like potassium and hemolysis were assessed following EDQM guidelines.

Results
Ten samples underwent validation protocol achieving acceptance criteria defined. Results of validation are summarized in Table 1

Discussion
CB units can be fractionated into three clinical-grade blood components using a single processing method within CB bank. In addition for CB-RBC, stability was established during two weeks on refrigerated storage. The platelet/plasma fractions are being used for topical applications as eye drops for severe ocular surface pathologies or as gels for chronic cutaneous ulcers with positive results (Samarkanova et al. 2020, 2021). Our study group is currently conducting a clinical trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of CB-RBC transfusion in very preterm infants (NCT05612919).
The Multicomponent CBB is feasible and might be a useful way to expand CB applications beyond transplantation, maximizing the use of all donations.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals vascularization-associated cell subpopulations in dental pulp: PDGFRβ+ DPSCs with activated PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Di Tiankai , Wang Liying , Cheng Baixiang , Guo Mingzhu , Feng Chao , Wu Zhenzhen , Wang Lulu , Chen Yujiang 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aims to address challenges in dental pulp regeneration therapy. The heterogeneity of DPSCs poses challenges, especially in stem cell transplantation for clinical use, particularly when sourced from donors of different ages and conditions.

Methods
Pseudotime analysis was employed to analyze single-cell sequencing data, and immunohistochemical studies were conducted to investigate the expression of fibronectin 1 (FN1). We performed in vitro sorting of PDGFRβ+ DPSCs using flow cytometry. A series of functional assays, including cell proliferation, scratch, and tube formation assays, were performed to experimentally validate the vasculogenic capabilities of the identified PDGFRβ+ DPSC subset. Furthermore, gene-edited mouse models were utilized to demonstrate the importance of PDGFRβ+ DPSCs. Transcriptomic sequencing was conducted to compare the differences between PDGFRβ+ DPSCs and P1-DPSCs.

Results
Single-cell sequencing analysis unveiled a distinct subset, PDGFRβ+ DPSCs, characterized by significantly elevated FN1 expression during dental pulp development. Subsequent cell experiments demonstrated that this subset possesses remarkable abilities to promote HUVEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Gene-edited mouse models confirmed the vital role of PDGFRβ+ DPSCs in dental pulp development. Transcriptomic sequencing and in vitro experiments demonstrated that the PDGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is a crucial factor mediating the proliferation rate and pro-angiogenic properties of PDGFRβ+ DPSCs.

Conclusion
We defined a new subset, PDGFRβ+ DPSCs, characterized by strong proliferative activity and pro-angiogenic capabilities, demonstrating significant clinical translational potential.
Tracer‐based metabolomics for profiling nitric oxide metabolites in a 3D microvessels‐on‐chip model
Authors: Pandian Kanchana , Huang Luojiao , Junaid Abidemi , Harms Amy , van Zonneveld Anton Jan , Hankemeier Thomas 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEndothelial dysfunction, prevalent in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and linked to conditions like diabetes, hypertension, obesity, renal failure, or hypercholesterolemia, is characterized by diminished nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability—a key signaling molecule for vascular homeostasis. Current two‐dimensional (2D) in vitro studies on NO synthesis by endothelial cells (ECs) lack the crucial laminar shear stress, a vital factor in modulating the NO‐generating enzyme, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), under physiological conditions. Here we developed a tracer‐based metabolomics approach to measure NO‐specific metabolites with mass spectrometry (MS) and show the impact of fluid flow on metabolic parameters associated with NO synthesis using 2D and 3D platforms. Specifically, we tracked the conversion of stable‐isotope labeled NO substrate L‐Arginine to L‐Citrulline and L‐Ornithine to determine eNOS activity. We demonstrated clear responses in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) cultured with 13C6, 15N4‐L‐Arginine, and treated with eNOS stimulator, eNOS inhibitor, and arginase inhibitor. Analysis of downstream metabolites, 13C6, 15N3 L‐Citrulline and 13C5, 15N2 L‐Ornithine, revealed distinct outcomes. Additionally, we evaluated the NO metabolic status in static 2D culture and 3D microvessel models with bidirectional and unidirectional fluid flow. Our 3D model exhibited significant effects, particularly in microvessels exposed to the eNOS stimulator, as indicated by the 13C6, 15N3 L‐Citrulline/13C5, 15N2 L‐Ornithine ratio, compared to the 2D culture. The obtained results indicate that the 2D static culture mimics an endothelial dysfunction status, while the 3D model with a unidirectional fluid flow provides a more representative physiological environment that provides a better model to study endothelial dysfunction.
Marijuana’s Impact On Implant-based Breast Reconstruction: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Al-Saghir Tala , Hall Jamie , Diffley Michael , Tang Amy , Teitelbaum Abigail , Tepper Donna G. , Darian Vigen , Evangelista Maristella , Atisha Dunya 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Studies have shown that chronic marijuana use is associated with increased vascular inflammation, endothelial damage, myocardial infarctions, strokes, arteritis, and cardiomyopathies; however, cannabis’s effect on wound healing in immediate direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction is unknown. With the increasing prevalence of marijuana use, it is imperative to understand its effects on surgical outcomes.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients in a quaternary-care breast cancer center undergoing immediate DTI reconstruction. Patient demographics, operative details, and surgical complications were extracted through chart review. Active cannabis use was defined as use within 12 weeks of operation. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed.

Results:
In total, 243 consecutive patients underwent immediate DTI reconstruction, and 12 reported active cannabis use. There were no significant differences in patient demographics, cancer treatment, or operative details. Active marijuana users demonstrated higher rates of cellulitis treated with IV antibiotics (P = 0.004), explantation for infection (P = 0.004), emergency department visits (P = 0.028), readmission (P = 0.037), takeback to the operating room in 90 days (P < 0.001), and overall major complications (P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that active marijuana users were more likely to experience cellulitis treated with IV antibiotics [odds ratio (OR) = 3.55, P = 0.024], takeback to the OR within 90 days of operation (OR = 4.75, P = 0.001), and major complications (OR = 2.26, P = 0.048).

Conclusions:
The consumption of cannabis in the perioperative setting is associated with increased rates of complications in patients undergoing immediate DTI reconstruction; however, an analysis with a larger patient population is needed to conclude that abstinence from its use should be highly encouraged.
Gray matter volume of limbic brain structures during the development of chronic back pain: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Neumann Nicola , Domin Martin , Lotze Martin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This study set out to investigate in a population-based longitudinal cohort, whether chronification of back pain (BP) is related to structural gray matter changes in corticolimbic brain structures. Gray matter volume (GMV) was measured in participants with chronic BP (CBP, n = 168) and controls without chronic pain (n = 323) at 2 time points with an interval of 7 years (baseline t1, follow-up t2). Over this time period, participants with CBP showed an increase of GMV in the left ventral striatum, whereas controls showed a decrease. By contrast, participants with CBP had a GMV decrease in the left parahippocampal gyrus. Within the CBP group, pain duration was negatively associated with GMV in the left caudate. Those with emerging CBP had less GMV in the right entorhinal area, right amygdala, and left medial frontal cortex. Additional variables differing between those who had BP at t1 and later developed CBP or not were pain intensity, body mass index, and depression score. In sum, these findings are in accordance with the notion that limbic brain properties are both predisposing risk factors and drivers of brain reorganization during the development of CBP.
Bridging therapy versus direct endovascular thrombectomy in patients with established large infarct: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Sun Wenzhe , Ma Jinfu , Xu Xu , Zhao Yuan , Huang Jiacheng , Guo Changwei , Zhang Lingyu , Yu Nizhen , Yue Chengsong , Zi Wenjie , Zhu Minzhen , He Jinzhao 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Whether patients with large core infarctions should undergo intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) before endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is currently a subject of controversy. The study aimed to investigate the association of prior use of IVT with outcomes of EVT patients with large core infarctions.

Materials and methods:
This prospective cohort included patients with acute large vessel occlusion and Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) of 0-5 from 38 stroke centers across China between November 2021 and February 2023. The primary outcome was defined as favorable functional outcomes, which is 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores ranging from 0 to 3. Procedural outcomes included measures of successful and effective recanalization. Safety outcomes included the incidence of any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), symptomatic ICH, and 90-day mortality.

Results:
Of 490 patients, 122 (24.5%) were treated with IVT before EVT. Bridging therapy and its transfer modes showed no association with any of the measured outcomes. Compared to direct EVT, bridging therapy was associated with a decreased risk of symptomatic ICH in very elderly patients and a decreased risk of any ICH in patients with admission NIHSS scores of 20 or higher. Additionally, early stroke severity may alter the odds of any ICH in patients with bridging therapy versus direct EVT (inverse probability weighting adjusted P value for interaction=0.003 and 0.007, respectively).

Conclusion:
In large core infarction patients with high admission NIHSS or very elderly age, bridging therapy appears to have some advantages over direct EVT in reducing the risk of ICH.
Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy-based conversion hepatectomy in responders versus nonresponders with hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Deng Min , Zhong Chong , Li Dong , Guan Renguo , Lee Carol , Chen Huanwei , Qin Wei , Cai Hao , Guo Rongping , Chen Zubing 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) has shown satisfactory therapeutic efficacy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is regarded as an important conversion treatment. However, limited information is available regarding the optimal timing of HAIC-based conversion hepatectomy. This study aims to determine the optimal timing for HAIC-based conversion surgery in patients with HCC.

Methods:
Data from a retrospective cohort of patients who underwent HAIC-based conversion hepatectomy were reviewed. Oncological outcomes, surgical information, and risk factors were comparatively analyzed.

Results:
In total, 424 patients with HCC who underwent HAIC-based conversion hepatectomy were included and were divided into responder (n=312) and nonresponder (n=112) groups. The overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates of both the whole responder cohort and patients who achieved a response after 4–6 cycles of HAIC were significantly better than those of the nonresponder cohort. Higher OS and RFS were observed in responders than in nonresponders with advanced-stage HCC. Patients in the responder group had a shorter occlusion duration and less intraoperative blood loss than those in the nonresponder group. There were no significant differences in other surgical information or postoperative complications between the two groups. Tumor response, differentiation, postoperative alpha-fetoprotein level, postoperative protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II level, age, microvascular invasion, pre-HAIC neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and preoperative systemic inflammatory response index were independent risk factors for poor long-term survival.

Conclusions:
Conversion surgery should be considered when tumor response is achieved. Our findings may be useful in guiding surgeons and patients in decision-making regarding HAIC-based conversion hepatectomy.
Alopecia patterns and trichoscopic findings in patients with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis
Authors: Zaouak Anissa , Jouini Wafa , Abdessalem Ghaith , Abdelhak Sonia , Hammami Houda , Charfeddine Cherine , Fenniche Samy 
Published: August 2024

Background:
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a rare genodermatosis categorized among nonsyndromic ichthyoses. While ARCI patients often manifest hair abnormalities, their impact on the quality of life remains underreported in the literature.

Objective:
This study aims to comprehensively characterize the clinical and trichoscopic findings of alopecia in ARCI patients.

Methods:
A prospective study spanning from January 2019 to December 2021 (3 years) was conducted at the Dermatology Department of Habib Thameur Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia. Clinical and trichoscopic examinations were performed on the hair of the participants, with molecular studies conducted on 15 patients.

Results:
The study included 30 patients, predominantly female (male/female = 0.58), with a mean age of 20 years. Twenty-eight patients were born from consanguineous marriages. Lamellar ichthyosis was observed in 22 cases, while congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma and bathing suit ichthyosis were each present in 4 cases. The ARCI severity score, assessed using the Visual Index For Ichthyosis Severity scale, had a mean value of 15 (4–28). Alopecia emerged as a prominent finding in 11 patients, presenting as hairline recession (13%), multiple patchy alopecia (27%), and alopecia of the eyebrows (13%). Trichoscopic findings included interfollicular and perifollicular scaling, perifollicular lamellar hyperkeratosis, peripilar casts, interfollicular erythema, loss of hair openings, predominance of single hair follicles, broken hair, vellus hair, anisotrichosis, pili torti, dystrophic hair, and comma hair. Several trichoscopic findings showed statistically significant associations with the severity of ARCI.

Limitations:
In our study, we only included 30 patients due to the rarity of this genodermatosis.

Conclusion:
Contrary to previous perceptions, alopecia is a notable finding in ARCI, particularly in patients with a severe form. This study provides a detailed characterization of alopecia in ARCI, shedding light on its prevalence and associated trichoscopic features, thereby enhancing our understanding of this dermatological condition.
Conductive Hearing Loss Associates With Dementia, and Middle Ear Reconstruction Mitigates This Association: A Multinational Database Study
Authors: Urdang Zachary D. , Jain Amiti , Li Marwin , Haupt Thomas L. , Wilcox Thomas O. , Chiffer Rebecca C. , Gurgel Richard K. 
Published: August 2024

Objective
To test the hypothesis that conductive hearing loss (CHL) is associated with dementia, and that middle ear reconstruction (MER) associates with improved outcomes for these measures in a multinational electronic health records database.

Study Design
Retrospective cohort study with propensity-score matching (PSM).

Setting
TriNetX is a research database representing about 110 million patients from the United States, Taiwan, Brazil, and India.

Patients
Subjects older than 50 years with no HL and any CHL (ICD-10: H90.0–2). Subjects of any age with and without any MER (CPT: 1010174).

Main Outcome Measures
Odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for incident dementia (ICD-10: F01, F03, G30).

Results
Of 103,609 patients older than 50 years experiencing any CHL, 2.74% developed dementia compared with 1.22% of 38,216,019 patients with no HL (OR, 95% CI: 2.29, 2.20–2.37). Of patients experiencing CHL, there were 39,850 who received MER. The average age was 31.3 years, with 51% female patients. A total of 343,876 control patients with CHL were identified; 39,900 patients remained in each cohort after 1:1 PSM for HL- and dementia-related risk factors. Matched risk for developing dementia among MER recipients was 0.33% compared with 0.58% in controls (OR: 0.58, 0.46–0.72).

Conclusions
CHL increases the odds for dementia, and MER improves the odds for incident dementia. This study represents the first population study on the topic of CHL, MER, and dementia.
A clinical validation of AViTA home blood pressure monitor for atrial fibrillation detection in adults
Authors: Chiu Fu-Chun , Huang I-Chih 
Published: August 2024

Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a stroke and heart complication risk but is often overlooked due to subtle symptoms. The accessibility of sphygmomanometers that can detect AF, may play crucial roles in identifying asymptomatic patients. AViTA BPM63B is an automatic blood pressure (BP) monitor for atrial fibrillation detection. This study validated the performance of BPM63B for AF detection using two novel algorithms of time-domain analysis and frequency-domain analysis which evaluate multiple statistics.

Methods
The study included 100 participants, with 47 participants being male (47%) and ages ranging from 24 to 89 years (mean ± SD: 59 ± 17 years). Each participant received three consecutive readings from the subject device and a 12-lead ECG assessment. The pulse wave data from subject device was analyzed using the two algorithms. The atrial fibrillation status thus determined was compared to the ECG results interpreted by a physician.

Results
Among the 100 participants, 52 patients had chronic atrial fibrillation, along with 48 outpatients exhibiting sinus rhythm or non-atrial fibrillation arrhythmias. Using the time-domain analysis method for atrial fibrillation detection, we achieved a sensitivity of 94.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 90.08–97.75%] and a specificity of 98.6% (95% CI, 95.07–99.83%). Similarly, utilizing the frequency-domain analysis method resulted in a sensitivity of 91.6% (95% CI, 86.08–95.46%) and specificity of 94.4% (95% CI, 89.35–97.57%).

Conclusions
These findings suggest that AViTA BPM63B, which integrates two novel algorithms for atrial fibrillation diagnosis, demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity. Utilizing the AViTA BPM63B for BP monitoring could aid in the early detection of atrial fibrillation among outpatients in cardiology clinics.