bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing emergency management training and exercises
Authors: Sinclair Helen , Doyle Emma E. , Johnston David M. , Paton Douglas 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how training or exercises are assessed in local government emergency management organisations.Design/methodology/approachAn investigative review of the resources available to emergency managers across North America and within New Zealand, for the evaluation and monitoring of emergency management training and exercises was conducted. This was then compared with results from a questionnaire based survey of 48 local government organisations in Canada, USA, and New Zealand. A combination of closed and open ended questions was used, enabling qualitative and quantitative analysis.FindingsEach organisation's training program, and their assessment of this training is unique. The monitoring and evaluation aspect of training has been overlooked in some organisations. In addition, those that are using assessment methods are operating in blind faith that these methods are giving an accurate assessment of their training. This study demonstrates that it is largely unknown how effective the training efforts of local government organisations are.Research limitations/implicationsFurther study inspired by this paper will provide a clearer picture of the evaluation of and monitoring of emergency management training programs. These results highlight that organisations need to move away from an ad hoc approach to training design and evaluation, towards a more sophisticated and evidence‐based approach to training needs analysis, design, and evaluation if they are to maximise the benefits of this training.Originality/valueThis study is the first investigation to the authors’ knowledge into the current use of diverse emergency management training for a range of local government emergency offices, and how this training impacts the functioning of the organisation's emergency operations centre during a crisis.
Research to practice: a disaster behavioral health framework
Authors: Gunderson Jonathan , Crepeau‐Hobson Franci , Drennen Curt 
Published: April 2013

PurposeResearch and experience following a variety of recent disasters has fostered the development of a range of disaster behavioral health interventions that can be used post‐disaster. Consensus documents recommend that five guiding principles be used to inform intervention efforts. These five essential elements, a sense of safety, calming, efficacy, connectedness, and hope, appear critical to the fostering of adaptation and resilience in affected communities. This paper aims to examine the use of these principles in practice.Design/methodology/approachTranslating these five evidence‐informed principles into practice requires dissemination, delivery and prioritizing and validation of the elements. Scholars identify actions for dissemination, delivery, and prioritization and validation, and this paper expands on the literature to identify processes that actualize the research into a framework for practice.FindingsThis article describes how disaster behavioral health professionals in Colorado have advanced these five principles into practice.Originality/valueWhile literature clearly dictates the importance of addressing the impacts of extreme stress on individuals and communities, there remains a gap to explain how to bridge the research and practice. These strategies included in this paper begin to bridge this gap and can be used by others charged with disaster planning and response to inform their practices.
Impacts of temporary housing on housing reconstruction after the Bam earthquake
Authors: Rafieian Mojtaba , Asgary Ali 
Published: April 2013

Purpose
– This study aims to examine the impacts of temporary housing on housing reconstruction after disasters using data collected after the December 2003 Bam earthquake.

Design/methodology/approach
– A questionnaire was developed and completed by 281 disaster-impacted households living in small and large campsites and on site of damaged properties provided by government and non-government agencies. Cross tabulation analyses were carried out to analyze the data.

Findings
– Results of this study show that the type of temporary housing (campsite and on property site) that had been provided to the victims has impacted the speed, quality and the overall satisfaction of the housing reconstruction.

Practical implications
– Provision of on-site temporary housing to disaster impacted population where possible could speed up a higher quality and more satisfactory housing reconstruction.

Originality/value
– This paper provides original research evidences for the relationship between type of temporary housing and housing reconstruction.
Consumer‐based brand equity and top‐of‐mind awareness: a cross‐country analysis
Authors: Hakala Ulla , Svensson Johan , Vincze Zsuzsanna 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe study focused on dimensions of consumer‐based brand equity, and especially the recall level of brand awareness. The purpose was to identify any statistically significant differences in brand recall in various product categories and different national contexts.Design/methodology/approachThis observation study explored relations between consumers' awareness of brands, attitudes related to brand equity, and changes in cultural context. Questionnaire data was collected from university students in four countries: the USA, Finland, France and Sweden. The respondents were asked about the brands of beverages, computers and cell‐phones that first came into their minds, and their attitudes in relation to brand equity.FindingsIt seems that the four dimensions of brand equity co‐vary depending on the cultural context. The results also revealed a relationship between TOMA and the national context that was generalizable in the three product categories.Research limitations/implicationsCulture as a contextual factor of consumer brand equity should be studied further. The findings should be replicated with non‐student samples in other product categories and cultural contexts. SEM could be used to establish the causality and direction of the relationships between the various dimensions of culture and brand equity.Practical implicationsThe findings on the effect of the cultural context on brand equity are of practical relevance to marketing managers: they should tailor their branding strategies accordingly.Originality/valueThe results gave valid and reliable evidence of a relationship between the TOMA dimension of brand equity and the national cultural context.
Consumer recall of brand versus product banner ads
Authors: Van Steenburg Eric 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe paper aims to determine the effectiveness of specific online advertisements, comparing banner ads that are brand‐reinforcing versus ones that are product‐reinforcing.Design/methodology/approachThe research uses three experimental design studies to empirically test the hypotheses based on the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) by manipulating type of online banner advertisement (brand‐type versus product‐type) and measuring individual need for cognition (NFC).FindingsConsumers high in NFC recall product‐type banner ads more readily than those low in NFC, while brand‐type banner ads are more likely to be recalled by low‐NFC consumers. However, high‐NFC consumers recall brand‐type ads under all situational influences tested. And while consumers low in NFC recall product‐type banner ads featuring a directive better than their high‐NFC counterparts, they do not recall directive ads at a greater rate than high‐NFC consumers recall brand‐type ads.Research limitations/implicationsWhile previous research has found that variations in ad size, color, interactivity, and web site location affect recall, this research only measured static banner ads that appear at the top of the page. However, because it is the first to examine involvement in terms of NFC in combination with brand‐ and product‐type ads, the research sheds new light on consumer awareness of two types of banner ad strategies adopted by marketing managers today.Practical implicationsIn an online context, the type of banner ads used by marketing managers should be paired with the web site based on how much time consumers spend at the site and how many pages they click through at the site. All things being equal, however, managers should favor brand‐type banner ads over product‐type banner ads.Originality/valueThe research extends understanding of ELM as it relates to type of banner ad while establishing a potential research stream for better understanding of how consumers process various types of online ads. At the same time, it provides new evidence that can help marketing managers make better strategic decisions regarding their online marketing mix.
Searching for competitive advantage with the brand extension process
Authors: Vukasovič Tina 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe main purpose of this article is to present a research study of brand extension with developing an innovative product in a new product category.Design/methodology/approachA case study is presented by one of the leading Slovenian brands in the market of fast moving consumer goods. More specifically, the paper deals with the market of chicken pariser sausages products and the brand called Poli. Poli is the first chicken pariser sausage on the European market and the best‐selling sausage in its category. The challenge that the Perutnina Ptuj d.d. company faced, as the owner of the abovementioned brand, was how to fully utilize the strength of the Poli brand. The article concentrates on the results of the quantitative research in a sample of n=800 chicken products consumers in Slovenia.FindingsResults show the positive influence of the parent brand on the brand extension to the new product category. With launching a new product brand Poli is entered into a new category, namely the group pate.Originality/valueThe article shows that a combination of steps with the competition analysis, brand analysis, analysis of the purchase decision‐making process and analysis of brand perception represents an efficient tool for the brand extension.
Effects of complete products on consumer judgments
Authors: Ozcan Timucin , Sheinin Daniel A. 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to seek to understand better how consumers judge multiattribute products that are perceived as either more or less complete in terms of feature coverage in a category. Complete products are used to reduce the need of developing and managing expansive and expensive line‐extension portfolios.Design/methodology/approachThe research used an experimental method and conducted two studies to test hypotheses derived from the marketing literature.FindingsIt is found that more complete multiattribute products are preferred to less complete alternatives. This preference for more complete products remains under larger competitive product assortment, but is reduced under smaller assortment. With a higher price level and larger assortment, the preference is substantial. However, under the conditions of lower price level/larger assortment, higher price level/smaller assortment, and lower price level/smaller assortment, the preference is again reduced.Research limitations/implicationsMore positive evaluations and higher product utility accrue from adding new features to multiattribute products prior to purchase. Moreover, more complete information causes more positive evaluations and cognitive responses. Larger assortment strains cognitive resources, and more complete multiattribute products are easier to understand than less complete multiattribute products. This processing facilitation generates positive affect leads to greater use of information that can shorten processing.Practical implicationsBrand managers can have a better understanding of how consumers judge more and less complete products, and under which circumstances more complete products are preferred.Originality/valueThe study of perceived product completeness is novel.
Price unfairness: the indirect effect on switching and negative word‐of‐mouth
Authors: Pizzutti dos Santos Cristiane , Basso Kenny 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThis study aims to present and test a conceptual framework for the consequences of price unfairness, positing trust and emotions as two important mediators of the perception of price unfairness and its relationship to switching and negative word‐of‐mouth intentions.Design/methodology/approachAn experiment with one factor with three levels (price unfairness: no price unfairness vs low price unfairness vs high price unfairness) is applied to 253 participants. The mediation analysis is made using bootstrapping procedure.FindingsThe findings reveal that existing customers that compare their price to a lower price offered to prospective customers experience the perception of price unfairness that, in turn, triggers negative behavioral intentions toward the company, through trust (cognitive driver) and negative emotions (emotional driver).Practical implicationsThe findings indicate that companies should consider the damage that targeted promotions to new customers may do among existing customers in the long run. They also highlight the importance of the companies' strategies to build consumer trust over time as this construct seems only partially affected by perceived price unfairness and is a key determinant of customers' behavioral intentions.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the understanding of price unfairness perception and its negative behavioral consequences, testing and validating a parallel mediating process with trust and negative emotions as mediators.
Exploring branding strategies of FMCG, services and durables brands: evidence from India
Authors: Jit Singh Mann Bikram , Kaur Mandeep 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe paper aims to analyze and compare the branding strategies used in the three sectors namely FMCG, services and durables.Design/methodology/approachBased on the literature review, a more comprehensive list of branding strategies is proposed. A content analysis of 600 randomly selected brands, 200 from each sector, is performed. The branding strategies used in the three sectors are explained and MANOVA is conducted to test the hypotheses about differences in the branding strategies across the three sectors.FindingsThe results reveal that the branding strategies vary across the three sectors. Single corporate brand strategy is predominantly used for durables and credence services. On the other hand, in case of FMCG and experience services, individual brand type endorsed by the corporate brand type is the most frequently used branding strategy. Thus, there is a trend towards corporate branding as corporate brand type is popular in all the sectors. Also, other than the single corporate brand strategy, as in case of durables and credence services, single brand type strategy is rarely used. For FMCG brands and experience services brands, companies are trying to leverage brand equity of two or more brand types.Practical implicationsThe paper offers insights for designing branding strategies when branding a product/service. Brand managers may rely on corporate brand type when risk associated with a purchase is high, as in case of durables and credence services. However, when the risk associated is low, as in case of FMCG and experience services, individual brand type may be preferred, but at the same time, it should be endorsed by corporate brand type.Originality/valueThis study adds value to the growing body of literature on branding strategies by identifying a more comprehensive and simplistic list of branding strategies which is a major contribution of the paper. Further, this is one of a very few empirical studies on branding strategies and is a pioneering attempt to evaluate the branding strategies in the FMCG vis‐à‐vis services vis‐à‐vis durables sectors. It empirically substantiates that the three sectors are heterogeneous among themselves and homogeneous within themselves with respect to their branding strategies.
Building brands through brand alliances: combining warranty information with a brand ally
Authors: Fang Xiang , Gammoh Bashar S. , Voss Kevin E. 
Published: April 2013

PurposeWhile previous research has shown a positive influence of a brand ally or a warranty, published research has not explored the effects of using multiple types of quality signals. The purpose of this paper is to explore the joint effect of a default‐independent signal (i.e. a brand ally) combined with a default‐contingent signal (i.e. a warranty) on the focal brand's evaluations.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reports the findings of a 2 (ally: none vs one) × 2 (warranty: no vs yes) between‐subjects factorial design in which 174 subjects were randomly assigned to experimental conditions.FindingsThe study's findings indicate that, individually, both brand alliance and warranty were a significant signal of product quality. However, the use of multiple types of signals, as opposed to one signal, did not add incrementally to consumer's perceived quality evaluations of a focal brand. In addition, risk reduction mediated the effects of brand ally and/or warranty on the focal brand's evaluations.Originality/valueRecently, researchers have started to explore the influence of multiple brand alliance signals on consumer evaluations of brand. However, only the same type of signal has been examined. Signaling theory suggests that other marketing mix elements are marketplace signals of quality. This study contributes to the literature by investigating the role of multiple types of quality signals in brand building.
Strategic foresight and environmental uncertainty: a research agenda
Authors: Vecchiato Riccardo 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe main purpose of this article is to promote further systematic inquiry into the field of strategic foresight. It carefully aims to re‐examine the notion of environmental uncertainty, the main theoretical approaches advanced by literature on strategy to cope with uncertainty, and foresight activities in corporate organizations.Design/methodology/approachThis article is theoretical in nature. However, its insights are significantly based on empirical analysis: the author has been involved in the past ten years in in‐depth investigation of foresight practices in several international firms of different industries.FindingsSeveral important issues and research questions on strategic foresight have remained largely unresolved from both an academic and managerial perspective. This paper outlines such questions.Originality/valueThe contribution of this paper is twofold. First, it links the work on strategic foresight to a wide range of related literature streams, thus revealing new connections and issues to be explored. Second, it develops a research agenda that may inspire further theoretical and empirical work on the nature and effects of strategic foresight efforts.
Sense making, futures work and the global emergency
Authors: Slaughter Richard A. 
Published: April 2013

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss and take forward several themes in two earlier papers by Ogilvy and Miller. After summarising their main points it seeks to consider different approaches to “sense making” in the work of future‐relevant theorists and practitioners; then to consider the case of sense making through integral approaches and then to explore implications through several themes. These include: a view of changes in the global system, generic responses to the global emergency, the critique of regressive modernity and how responses to “Cassandra's dilemma” (to know the future but not be believed) might stand in relation to the views of both authors. The paper aims to conclude with a view of the benefits to be obtained from the use of a four‐quadrant approach to understanding and responding to the human predicament.Design/methodology/approachThis is a discussion paper that questions some of the views and assumptions of the earlier papers and explores some implications of an alternative view.FindingsWhile supporting the drive to improve upon the theoretical foundations of futures studies and foresight, the paper questions whether such developments are as central, or will be as influential, as the authors suggest. A different view of “how to approach the future” is recommended, in part through four “domains of generic responses” to the global predicament.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper presents an argument supported by evidence. Both should be reviewed by others in pursuit of extending the conversation beyond philosophical questions to implications in practice.Practical implicationsThe essence of a methodology to understand, approach and even to resolve many aspects of the global emergency is outlined here. As such the paper has many practical implications for the way that futures and foresight professionals operate and towards what ends.Social implicationsThe paper provides a substantive basis for qualified hope and engagement with a range of future‐shaping tasks. Specifically, these relate to the necessary shifts from “overshoot and collapse” trajectories to options for “moderated descent”.Originality/valueMuch of the work carried out on the perspective and issues discussed here has been carried out by those working outside of the futures/foresight domain. The value is both in affirming positive ways forward and extending the professional reach of futures/foresight workers to embrace new ideas and methods.
Understanding pathways of poor and vulnerable communities
Authors: Chan Jason Christopher , Dee Von Chng Livia 
Published: April 2013

PurposeIn partnership with The Rockefeller Foundation, the RAHS Program Office (RPO) of the National Security Coordination Secretariat at the Prime Minister's Office in Singapore has undertaken the innovative approach of the Searchlight function to systematically make sense of the current contextual environment to be better positioned to anticipate the future of poor and vulnerable communities. This paper aims to outline the approach taken and to offer a glimpse into the next steps.Design/methodology/approachUsing the expertise and knowledge from the Searchlight newsletters, RPO applied its SKAN‐to‐Trend Process to funnel down newsletters and generate themes for investigation. The process is augmented by the RAHS 2.0 system, to collect and classify data generated to analyse and understand relationships therein, and anticipate as well as discover emerging issues.FindingsThe scenario building tools allowed the RPO analysts to use systems thinking to build systems maps and influence diagrams to help identify critical drivers based on influence and to understand the relationships between driving forces. From the systems map, critical feedback loops were identified and analysed, and evidence marshalled to support alternative policy options to help overcome the vicious cycles of the poor and vulnerable communities.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the approach may seem limited in terms of breadth, it does provide a more in‐depth study of relevant insights and themes.Practical implicationsThe selection process was done by analysts whose selections will necessarily be subjective depending on each of the analysts' worldview and leanings. This was balanced by gathering a team of analysts from RPO from diverse backgrounds, from the sciences and engineering to the arts.Social implicationsIt is evident that the expanding gulf of growing inequality will tear the social fabric because poverty and inequality are so intricately linked.Originality/valueThe paper shows that, as a visualisation partner, RPO will present a diversity of perspectives through the utilisation of its risk assessment and horizon scanning processes and tools to help understand the pathways of poor and vulnerable communities.