bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress in Epigenetic Modification Regulating Drug Transporters in the Hypoxic Environment
Authors: Wei Ziqin , Mu Hongfang , Zhang Xiaojing , Li Wenbin , Wang Rong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
Drug transporters are critical factors influencing the pharmacokinetics of drugs under
hypoxic conditions. Studies have shown significant changes in drug transporter levels in the hypoxic
environment. In addition to being regulated by HIF-1, nuclear receptors, and inflammatory
factors, hypoxia can also regulate transporters through epigenetic modifications, thereby affecting
drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. In recent years, increasing attention has
been paid to the role of epigenetic modifications in regulating drug transporters under hypoxic conditions
at high altitudes. In this study, we comprehensively review the effects of hypoxia on drug
transporters and epigenetic modifications and explore the regulatory mechanism of epigenetic
modifications on drug transporter expression under hypoxic conditions. The aim is to provide a reference
for exploring the epigenetic regulation mechanism of drug transporter expression in the hypoxic
environment at high altitudes, guide the study of pharmacokinetics, and promote effective
and safe medication at high altitudes.
Zinc Gluconate Supplementation Protects against Methotrexate-induced Neurotoxicity in Rats via Downregulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Neuron-specific Enolase Reactivity in Rats
Authors: Olofinnade Anthony T. , Onaolapo Adejoke Y. , Okunola Olufemi B. , Onaolapo Olakunle J. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The global increase in the incidence of cancers, as well as neurotoxicity
induced by cancer therapy, has necessitated research into agents that are neuroprotective without
impeding cancer treatment.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effects of feed-added
zinc on methotrexate-induced changes in rats.

Methods:
Animals were grouped into normal control and methotrexate control, which were fed rodent
chow and three groups fed zinc gluconate incorporated into the diet at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg,
respectively. Animals in the first group, in addition to normal diet, received intraperitoneal (i.p.)
injections of saline at 2 ml/ kg, while rats in the four other groups were administered methotrexate
i.p. at 20 mg/kg/day on the last three days (19-21) of the experiment. On day 22, rats were exposed
to the behavioural paradigms, following which they were euthanised and blood was taken
for biochemical assays. Sections of the hippocampus were homogenised for the assessment of neurotransmitters
or processed for histological and immunohistochemical studies.

Results:
Dietary zinc supplements at certain concentrations protected against the development of
methotrexate-induced alteration in body weight, food intake, memory histomorphology, and neuron-
specific enolase reactivity.

Conclusion:
Conclusion: Dietary zinc supplementation was protective against neurotoxicity induced following
methotrexate administration, with possible mechanisms being the down-regulation of oxidative
stress, inflammation and neuron-specific enolase reactivity.
Adoption of Artificial Intelligence–Enabled Robots in Long-Term Care Homes by Health Care Providers: Scoping Review
Authors: Wong Karen Lok Yi , Hung Lillian , Wong Joey , Park Juyoung , Alfares Hadil , Zhao Yong , Mousavinejad Abdolhossein , Soni Albin , Zhao Hui 
Published: June 2024

Background
Long-term care (LTC) homes face the challenges of increasing care needs of residents and a shortage of health care providers. Literature suggests that artificial intelligence (AI)–enabled robots may solve such challenges and support person-centered care. There is a dearth of literature exploring the perspectives of health care providers, which are crucial to implementing AI-enabled robots.

Objective
This scoping review aims to explore this scant body of literature to answer two questions: (1) what barriers do health care providers perceive in adopting AI-enabled robots in LTC homes? (2) What strategies can be taken to overcome these barriers to the adoption of AI-enabled robots in LTC homes?

Methods
We are a team consisting of 3 researchers, 2 health care providers, 2 research trainees, and 1 older adult partner with diverse disciplines in nursing, social work, engineering, and medicine. Referring to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, our team searched databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar) for peer-reviewed and gray literature, screened the literature, and extracted the data. We analyzed the data as a team. We compared our findings with the Person-Centered Practice Framework and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to further our understanding of the findings.

Results
This review includes 33 articles that met the inclusion criteria. We identified three barriers to AI-enabled robot adoption: (1) perceived technical complexity and limitation; (2) negative impact, doubted usefulness, and ethical concerns; and (3) resource limitations. Strategies to mitigate these barriers were also explored: (1) accommodate the various needs of residents and health care providers, (2) increase the understanding of the benefits of using robots, (3) review and overcome the safety issues, and (4) boost interest in the use of robots and provide training.

Conclusions
Previous literature suggested using AI-enabled robots to resolve the challenges of increasing care needs and staff shortages in LTC. Yet, our findings show that health care providers might not use robots because of different considerations. The implication is that the voices of health care providers need to be included in using robots.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075278
Tiedon harharetkiä? Opettajat tiedonalatiedon rekontekstualisoijina
Authors: Puustinen Mikko , Khawaja Amna , Marjokorpi Jenni , Säntti Janne 
Published: June 2024

Tässä artikkelissa esitämme suomenkieliselle lukijakunnalle brittiläisen koulutussosiologin Basil Bernsteinin ajatteluun perustuvan tavan hahmottaa koulun oppiaineiden tietoon liittyviä kysymyksiä. Artikkelin polttopisteessä on Bernsteinin pedagogic device, josta käytämme suomennosta pedagoginen muunnin. Muuntimen avulla kuvaamme prosesseja, joissa tiedonalojen tieto siirtyy eli rekontekstualisoituu opetustilanteisiin. Kehitämme Bernsteinin ajattelua opettajien roolin osalta yhdistämällä pedagogisen muuntimen pohjoiseurooppalaiseen didaktiseen perinteeseen. Tarkastelemme millaista tietoa mielekäs rekontekstualisointi edellyttää opettajilta ja pohdimme eri opettajaryhmien välisiä eroja. Lopuksi pohdimme tiedon ja ainedidaktiikan merkitystä koulutuksessa ja opettajankoulutuksessa.

Is knowledge getting lost? Teachers as recontextualisers of subject knowledge
In this article, we present to the Finnish-speaking audience the idea of Basil Bernstein’s pedagogical device. We use the device to analyse questions related to the knowledge of school subjects. By using the pedagogical device, we describe processes through which the knowledge produced by academic disciplines is transferred, i.e. recontextualized to educational contexts. We develop Bernstein's thinking regarding the role of teachers by connecting it to the Northern European didactic tradition. We outline what kind of knowledge recontextualization requires from teachers in order to be meaningful and consider the differences between different teacher groups. Finally, we consider the importance of knowledge and subjects didactics in education and teacher training.
Summary Review of Overexploitation and Decline Cycles in the Scottish Arctic Bowhead Whale Fishery, 1750-World War One
Authors: Sanger Chesley W. 
Published: June 2024

Historically all major global whaling activities share a characteristic feature: “overexploitation-decline” cycles. The Scottish Arctic bowhead whaling industry was no exception in all essential details except one. It was conducted in extremely hazardous ice conditions in which more than half the participating vessels were lost. Despite this, 247 ships from 16 Scottish ports captured some 20,000 bowhead whales at East Greenland, Davis Strait, and Baffin Bay. In total this effort represented more than 160,000 man-trips, the requirement to crew at least 3,400 vessel-voyages. Extent records of these voyages in Scottish sources (mostly newspapers) comprise a comprehensive statistical database enabling the analyzation of different aspects of this historically important maritime activity. This overview employs these data to examine the maelstrom of forces which inhibited owners from practicing sustainable management strategies, leading to near extinction of North Atlantic bowhead stocks and, inevitably, commercial collapse of the industry. Historiquement, toutes les grandes activités liées à la chasse à la baleine à travers le monde avaient un même point commun, soit les cycles de surexploitation et de déclin. L’industrie écossaise de la chasse à la baleine boréale de l’Arctique n’a pas fait exception au niveau des détails essentiels, sauf sur un point : elle avait cours dans des conditions de glace extrêmement dangereuses dans lesquelles plus de la moitié des navires participants ont été perdus. Malgré cela, 247 navires en provenance de 16 ports écossais ont capturé environ 20 000 baleines boréales à l’est du Groenland, dans le détroit de Davis et dans la baie de Baffin. Cet effort était l’équivalent de plus de 160 000 voyages-hommes, soit les besoins en équipage d’au moins 3 400 voyages en navire. Les mentions existantes de ces voyages dans les sources écossaises (principalement des journaux) constituent une base de données statistiques complète qui permet d’analyser les différents aspects de cette activité maritime d’une grande importance historique. À partir de ces données, le présent aperçu évalue les forces qui ont empêché les propriétaires de mettre en pratique des stratégies de gestion durable, ce qui a donné lieu à la quasi-extinction des stocks de baleines boréales dans l’Atlantique Nord et, inévitablement, à l’effondrement commercial de l’industrie.
The Relationship between interleukin 1beta and virulence factors produced by some bacteria isolated from patients with sinus infections
Authors: Al-Khazali Shiamaa , Mahir Suha , Hasan Mohanad 
Published: June 2024

Background: Sinusitis is an inflammatory process of the mucosa lining the paranasal cavity. Currently, the term rhinosinusitis has been more accepted because rhinitis and sinusitis are continuous diseases. The study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between interleukin beta 1 and virulence factors of the bacteria that cause sinusitis. Method s::This study was conducted in Salah al-Din Governorate in the city of Balad in Balad General Hospital and Balad Healthcare Sector in the period from 1/11/2022 to 1/6/2023. From 1-50 years of both gender by taking nasal swabs with a carrier medium and blood samples, where 90 samples were collected from patients.Results: the present study showed that Interleukin -beta 1.scored high sensitivity (91% and 83%) and specificity (84% and 60%) with significant differences (p<0.05) in screening patients with sinusitis, The positivity of Escherichia coli 13.3% ,Staphylococcus haemolyticus 11.7%, Klebsiella pneumonia, 13.3%,Yersinia enterocolitica 8.3%,Providencia stuartii 8.3%, Staphylococeas epidermidi 18.3%, Pesedomonas oryzihabitans 15.0%, Leuconostoc psedomesenteroides 16.7%,and Burkhoderia cepacia 16.7% respectively .
Geochemical Assessment of Oligocene Limestone for Conceivable Use as Raw Material for Portland Cement in Sangaw Area, Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Ghareeb Saman , Ahmed Omer , Jamil Rezhan 
Published: June 2024

The sedimentary deposit of Oligocene rocks is outcropped in Ashdagh mountain in south of Sulaymaniyah - Sangaw area and characterized by highly calcareous limestone, especially in the lower parts. The rocks of this age are composed of nine formations included Shurau, Sheikh Alas, Planai, Baba, Bajwan, Tarjili, Anah, Azkand, and Ibrahim those are deposited during Oligocene. These formations grouped into three types included basinal, lagoonal and reefal according to depositional environment. The aim of the study is geochemical assessment for limestone rock as major raw material in Portland cement product. The study based on XRF chemical composition analysis and loss on ignition for thirty-eight handpicked samples of the area and evaluation of major oxides as Portland cement raw material. The chemical results showed that the tested limestone samples are overwhelmingly composed of calcareous limestone. The chemical investigation appears that the entire progression is comprise of calcareous limestone, which comprises loss on ignition averagely above 42.9% and mostly less than 1% in MgO, Fe2O3 and Al2O3. The limestone classified as high-grade limestone according to the analysis results, which is exceptionally appropriate for Portland cement producing. Geochemical results of samples specified that the limestone contains high ratio of LOI, which it ranges between (38.7% to 43.9%), and other major oxides are in suitable range while alkali metal oxides and SO3 are present in traces. The ratios of the silica modulus (SM), alumina modulus (AM), and lime saturation Factor (LSF) were calculated. It was found that these proportions of examples are mostly consistent with Iraqi Standard Specifications for Portland cement by adding silica, aluminium and iron oxides. The lime saturation factors (LSF) of assessed samples have extensively differing values, but most values have above the limits required for high quality cement. The overall outcomes confirmed that the Oligocene limestone could be use as major raw material for clinker production in cement industry.
Perception of medical students and interns toward orthopedics as a future career in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Ghanim Hassan A. , Al-Ali Mohammed A. , Alturaiki Hassan M. , Al Mousa Ali M. , ALshammary Alya A. , Alhamal Hussain 
Published: June 2024

Objectives:
This study evaluated medical students’ and interns’ views on orthopedics as a career, focusing on the influence of mentors, rotations, and misconceptions around orthopedics.

Methods:
In November 2023, a cross-sectional study through an electronic questionnaire was conducted in Saudi Arabia. It was distributed to medical students and interns through social media, including WhatsApp group chats and broadcast lists, using relevant medical education hashtags.

Results:
Three hundred and ninety-three respondents agreed to participate, and their responses were included in the analysis. Females comprised 261 (66.4%) respondents. Interest in orthopedics as a career choice was indicated by 173 respondents (44%). One hundred and thirty participants (32.7%) were inspired in their first and second years of medical school. Nearly half of the participants (192; 48.9%) viewed the field positively. Mentors were identified by 50 respondents (12.7%) as pivotal in shaping their perspectives, while hospital training emerged as a significant influencer of medical students’ perceptions of orthopedics with 112 participants (28%).

Conclusion:
Most medical students view orthopedics positively, seeing it as prestigious and are often inspired early in their studies. Mentorship and hospital rotations are crucial, significantly shaping their perceptions and emphasizing the field’s rewards through practical experiences.
Retained wood penetrating the inferior orbital fissure removed after several months from injury: A case report and a comprehensive literature review
Authors: Aljabber Sara J. , Alghamdi Abdulaziz M. , Faidah Dania E. , Allarakia Yousof Fahad , Abdulqader Sarah Bin , Alzahrani Gmaan A. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Intraorbital wooden foreign bodies (IOWFBs) constitute a relatively rare ocular trauma. Clinically, it can be difficult to diagnose them due to their wide variety of clinical manifestations. In addition, radiologic diagnosis of IOWFBs is always uncertain and challenging since their low density and low intensity on initial images are identical to air and fat. Therefore, IOWFBs are commonly missed and may not be confirmed for days or months after the initial injury. This article endeavors to contribute to the existing literature on IOWFBs by adding a case of an unusual occurrence of retained wood penetrating the inferior orbital fissure (IOF). To date, there have been no documented instances of a similar occurrence in this particular anatomical location.

Case Description:
A 58-year-old female with a history of trauma sustained by a slipping accident 10 months before her referral to our hospital. She underwent multiple surgeries and was referred to us due to persistent right eye pain, periorbital swelling, recurrent eye discharge, and inferior orbital paresthesia. The imaging revealed a retained foreign body located in the right orbital floor inferior to the inferior rectus muscle extending to the sub-temporal fossa through the IOF. The residue was successfully removed without complications.

Conclusion:
A history of trauma followed by persistent symptoms should raise the suspicion of a retained foreign body, regardless of the severity of trauma or the time between trauma and clinical presentation. Appropriate and timely imaging, followed by surgical removal, remains the cornerstone of treatment with a favorable prognosis.
Predictors of radiation-induced changes in arteriovenous malformation patients undergoing radiosurgery: Insights from a Malaysian linear accelerator cohort
Authors: Tan Bih Huei , Kandasamy Regunath , Mohamad Siti Azleen , Thambinayagam Hari Chandra 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Radiation-induced changes (RICs) post-stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) critically influence outcomes in arteriovenous malformation (AVM) treatments. This study aimed to identify predictors of RICs, described the types and severity of RICs, and assessed their impact on patient’s functional outcomes to enhance risk assessment and treatment planning for AVM patients.

Methods:
This retrospective study analyzed 87 AVM patients who underwent SRS at Hospital Kuala Lumpur between January 2015 and December 2020. RICs were identified through detailed magnetic resonance imaging evaluations, and predictive factors were determined using multiple logistic regression. Functional outcomes were assessed with the modified Rankin scale (mRS).

Results:
Among the cohort, 40.2% developed RICs, with radiological RICs in 33.3%, symptomatic RICs in 5.7%, and permanent RICs in 1.1%. Severity categorization revealed 25.3% as Grade I, 13.8% as Grade II, and 1.1% as Grade III. Notably, higher Pollock–Flickinger scores and eloquence location were significant predictors of RIC occurrence. There was a significant improvement in functional outcomes post-SRS, with a marked decrease in non-favorable mRS scores from 8.0% pre-SRS to 1.1% post-SRS (P = 0.031).

Conclusion:
The study identified the eloquence location and Pollock–Flickinger scores as predictors of RICs post-SRS. The significant reduction in non-favorable mRS scores post-SRS underscores the efficacy of SRS in improving patient outcomes. Their results highlighted the importance of personalized treatment planning, focusing on precise strategies to optimize patient outcomes in AVM management, reducing adverse effects while improving functional outcomes.
Development of Simple Practicum Videos for Redox Materials as Alternative Practicums During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Laily Khairunnisa Nurul , Kamaludin Agus 
Published: June 2024

Due to COVID-19, media is needed so that students can continue to carry out practical activities at home to improve their understanding of chemical concepts. This study aimed to develop and determine the quality of a simple practicum video on redox material. This research is development research (R&D) with a 4D model (Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate), but this research is only up to the development stage. This simple video practicum on redox material contains the redox process on nail corrosion, the redox process on betadine with vitamin C, and the redox process on Onions with potassium permanganates. The product is assessed by one material expert, one media expert, four reviewers, and ten class X students respond. The results of the product quality assessment by material experts, media experts, and reviewers (senior high school chemistry teachers) get a percentage of 97.14%, 90%, and 91.81%, with a very good category. Then, the results of student responses obtained a percentage of 95% with a very good category. Based on this assessment, it can be concluded that simple practicum videos on redox material can be used as an alternative source of practicum during the COVID-19 era.
APLIKASI PERSAMAAN DIFERENSIAL PADA PENYEBARAN PENYAKIT BERBASIS SOFTWARE MAPLE UNTUK SISWA SMA NEGERI 3 AMBON
Authors: Beay Lazarus Kalvein , Wattimena Abraham Zacaria , Lesnussa Yopi Andry , Rahakbauw Dorteus Lodewyik 
Published: June 2024

Persamaan diferensial telah menjadi salah satu topik matematika yang menarik pada kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Salah satu bentuk aplikasinya, yaitu pada penyebaran penyakit menular. Pada kenyataannya, pembelajaran matematika di sekolah masih bersifat teoritis, sehingga pembelaran bermakna sulit tercapai. Materi matematika yang diberikan oleh guru sulit untuk dipahami oleh siswa karena bersifat abstrak. Hal ini mendorong pembelajaran untuk mengaplikasikan materi tentang persamaan diferensial pada kehidupan nyata di sekitar siswa. Selain itu, pesatnya kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi menuntut adanya kemampuan adaptasi dari siswa, guru, dan sekolah. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini, upaya adaptasi terhadap perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi dilakukan melalui peningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran pada SMA Negeri 3 Ambon. Kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi upaya meningkatkan kemampuan siswa tentang penerapan materi persamaan differensial pada kehidupan nyata. Pada akhirnya, Software Maple digunakan untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran matematika.
Representation of the Librarian in the Character of Urano Motosu in the Anime Ascendance af a Bookworm
Authors: Meilinda Eka , Prasetyawan Yanuar Yoga 
Published: June 2024

Purpose Research. The librarian profession has often been underestimated. Several studies regarding the media that represents librarians depict the profession negatively. Positive representation is needed to depict the ideal figure of a librarian to reduce the developing negative stereotypes of librarians. This research aims to identify the representation of librarians in the character Myne (Urano Motosu), the main character with a high librarian spirit who carries out her duties as a church librarian. Research Methods. The research method used is Roland Barthes' semiotics. Result. This research shows that Myne's appearance as a librarian uses a vintage style, no glasses, and half-space bun hair. Myne is described as having a superior character as a librarian and can represent the ideal librarian figure. Myne's librarian's weakness is that she has low social experience. However, over time, he was able to adapt and finally eliminate these shortcomings. Conclusions. Myne represents the ideal librarian so that librarians and librarian professional organizations can use her as a role model. Keywords: Representation; librarian; semiotics; anime