bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Ketoamides from 1‐Arylethanols.
Authors: Sharma Nidhi , Kotha Surya Srinivas , Lahiri Nabajit , Sekar Govindasamy 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe triple oxidation of arylethanols includes alcohol oxidation, sp3 C—H oxidation, and oxidative amidation with amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Thiolation of Unactivated Aryl C—H Bonds: Efficient Access to Diverse Aryl Sulfides.
Authors: Yan Sheng‐Yi , Liu Yue‐Jin , Liu Bin , Liu Yan‐Hua , Shi Bing‐Feng 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe first Ni‐catalyzed thiolation of aromatic C—H bonds with disulfides (II) and (IX) employing a 2‐(pyridine‐2‐yl)isopropylamine directing group is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Ni(II) Source as a Pre‐Catalyst for the Cross‐Coupling of Benzylic Pivalates with Arylboronic Acids: Facile Access to Tri‐ and Diarylmethanes.
Authors: Chen Qiang , Fan Xin‐Heng , Zhang Li‐Peng , Yang Lian‐Ming 
Published: June 2015

AbstractVarious tri‐ or diarylmethanes are simply and conveniently obtained under mild reaction conditions by Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling of benzylic pivalates with arylboronic acids employing Ni(PPh3)2(1‐naphthyl)Cl as a pre‐catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible‐Light‐Photocatalyzed Metal‐Free C—H Heteroarylation of Heteroarenes at Room Temperature: A Sustainable Synthesis of Biheteroaryls.
Authors: Maity Pintu , Kundu Debasish , Ranu Brindaban C. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAn efficient C—H heteroarylation of heteroarenes is achieved through visible‐light photoredox‐catalyzed diazotization of heteroarylamines in situ by tBuONO at room temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Cascade Synthesis of 2,3‐Disubstituted 2,3‐Dihydrobenzofurans via ortho‐Quinone Methide Intermediates Generated in situ.
Authors: Shaikh Abdul Kadar , Varvounis George 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe yields using propanoate (IV) as starting material are much higher than the corresponding yields using propanoate (I) (for example synthesis of compound (III)).
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles: An Efficient and Reusable Nanocatalyst for a Neat, One‐Pot and Four‐Component Synthesis of Pyrroles.
Authors: Moghaddam Firouz Matloubi , Koushki Foroushani Behzad , Rezvani Hamid Reza 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe employed catalyst can be reused nine times without any significant loss of its activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Transformation of Isoxazoles to 2,4‐Dicarbonylpyrroles under Fe/Ni Relay Catalysis.
Authors: Galenko Ekaterina E. , Galenko Alexey V. , Khlebnikov Alexander F. , Novikov Mikhail S. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDomino reaction of 5‐alkoxy‐ or 5‐aminoisoxazoles (I) with 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds under metal relay catalysis provides access to 2,4‐dicarbonylpyrrole derivatives in good to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Modification of the Fischer Indole Synthesis with a Solid Acid.
Authors: Chandrasekhar Sosale , Mukherjee Somnath 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA wide range of enolizable aldehydes and ketones and various substituted phenylhydrazines are converted to the corresponding indoles using the cation exchange resin Amberlite IR 120 as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Hexahydro‐1H‐isoindole Derivatives from Arylacyl Bromides via Homoallenic Bromohydrins.
Authors: Lin Mei‐Huey , Li Yi‐Syuan , Kuo Chung‐Kai , Chen Chung‐Hao , Huang Yen‐Chih , Liang Kung‐Yu , Chen Yu‐Chun , Tsai Chang‐Hsien , Chuang Tsung‐Hsun 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA synthesis of hexahydro‐1H‐isoindoles (IV) and (VIII) is achieved by a base promoted reaction of homoallenic bromohydrins (II) and (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Atom‐Economical Transformation of Diaryliodonium Salts: Tandem C—H and N—H Arylation of Indoles.
Authors: Modha Sachin G. , Greaney Michael F. 
Published: June 2015

Abstract2‐Methylindole gives low yield only (20%) when reacted with diphenyliodonium triflate even at higher temperatures.
ChemInform Abstract: Antimicrobial and anti‐Nociceptive Profile of Some 4‐(3‐Methyl‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐1‐phenylazetidin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Sen Sandip , Easwari T. S. , De Biplab 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA new series of the title compounds (IX) is prepared via intermolecular cyclization of Schiff bases (VII) and chloro acetyl chloride in the presence of the base catalyst triethylamine.
ChemInform Abstract: BF3·Et2O‐Promoted Cleavage of the C(sp)—C(sp2) Bond of 2‐Propynolphenols/Anilines: Route to C2‐Alkenylated Benzoxazoles and Benzimidazoles.
Authors: Song Xian‐Rong , Qiu Yi‐Feng , Song Bo , Hao Xin‐Hua , Han Ya‐Ping , Gao Pin , Liu Xue‐Yuan , Liang Yong‐Min 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPropargylic alcohols of type (I) and (V) having an ortho‐hydroxyphenyl substituent undergo a BF3‐promoted reaction with azide to yield 2‐alkylated benzoxazoles (II) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Fully Substituted Pyranones via Quasi‐Heterogeneous Genuinely Ligand‐Free Migita—Stille Coupling of Iodoacrylates.
Authors: Kratochvil Jiri , Novak Zdenek , Ghavre Mukund , Novakova Lucie , Ruzicka Ales , Kunes Jiri , Pour Milan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe scalable process is catalyzed by palladium black which is recycled and reused in four additional cycles without loss of its activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Intramolecular 1,6‐C—H Insertion Reactions of α‐Diazo Esters Catalyzed by Chiral Dirhodium(II) Carboxylates.
Authors: Ito Motoki , Kondo Yuji , Nambu Hisanori , Anada Masahiro , Takeda Koji , Hashimoto Shunichi 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe first catalytic asymmetric 1,6‐C—H insertion reaction of α‐diazo esters catalyzed by 1 mol % of a chiral Rh‐complex is developed which provides facile access to optically active oxygen‐containing six‐membered cyclic core structures of biologically active natural products and pharmaceutical agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New 4,6‐Diaryl‐2‐(arylthio)nicotinonitriles in Triton X‐100 Aqueous Micellar Media.
Authors: Poor Heravi Mohammad Reza , Soufi Amir 
Published: June 2015

AbstractTriton X‐100 aqueous micelles act as catalyst in the four‐component one‐pot reaction of acetophenone (I), malononitrile (II), aryl aldehydes (III), and aryl thiols (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Green Synthesis and Pharmacological Screening of Polyhydroquinoline Derivatives Bearing a Fluorinated 5‐Aryloxypyrazole Nucleus.
Authors: Karad Sharad C. , Purohit Vishal B. , Raval Dipak K. , Kalaria Piyush N. , Avalani Jemin R. , Thakor Parth , Thakkar Vasudev R. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA series of novel hydroquinoline derivatives (IV) is synthesized under ultrasonic irradiation by a one‐pot three‐component cyclocondensation reaction of pyrazole carbaldehydes (II) with malononitrile and various enehydrazino ketones (I) in the presence of piperidine as a basic catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular C(sp2)‐H Imidoylation for the Synthesis of Six‐Membered N‐Heterocycles.
Authors: Li Jing , He Yimiao , Luo Shuang , Lei Jian , Wang Jian , Xie Zeqiang , Zhu Qiang 
Published: June 2015

Abstract2‐Isocyanato‐1,1′‐biphenyls and (Z)‐2‐isocyanostyrenes readily undergo a Pd‐catalyzed coupling with aryl halides to yield phenanthridines and isoquinolines.
ChemInform Abstract: Key Study on the Potential of Hydrazine Bisborane for Solid‐ and Liquid‐State Chemical Hydrogen Storage.
Authors: Pylypko Sergii , Petit Eddy , Yot Pascal G. , Salles Fabrice , Cretin Marc , Miele Philippe , Demirci Umit B. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe title compound, N2H4(BH3)2, is prepared from a mixture of freshly ground [N2H5][HSO4] and NaBH4 in THF (Ar‐filled glovebox, round‐bottom flask, 40 °C, 42—90 h, 87% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Furan′s Gambit: Electrophile‐Attack‐Triggered Sacrifice of Furan Rings for the Intramolecular Construction of Azaheterocycles
Authors: Trushkov Igor V. , Uchuskin Maxim G. , Butin Alexander V. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractReview: [recent studies on intramolecular furan ring opening — azaheterocycle ring closure reactions induced by acid or electrophilic attack on the furan ring; 57 refs.
Maximally spaced projection sequencing in electron paramagnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Redler Gage , Epel Boris , Halpern Howard J. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTElectron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) provides 3D images of absolute oxygen concentration (pO2) in vivo with excellent spatial and pO2 resolution. When investigating such physiologic parameters in living animals, the situation is inherently dynamic. Improvements in temporal resolution and experimental versatility are necessary to properly study such a system. Uniformly distributed projections result in efficient use of data for image reconstruction. This has dictated current methods such as equal‐solid‐angle (ESA) spacing of projections. However, acquisition sequencing must still be optimized to achieve uniformity throughout imaging. An object‐independent method for uniform acquisition of projections, using the ESA uniform distribution for the final set of projections, is presented. Each successive projection maximizes the distance in the gradient space between itself and prior projections. This maximally spaced projection sequencing (MSPS) method improves image quality for intermediate images reconstructed from incomplete projection sets, enabling useful real‐time reconstruction. This method also provides improved experimental versatility, reduced artifacts, and the ability to adjust temporal resolution post factum to best fit the data and its application. The MSPS method in EPRI provides the improvements necessary to more appropriately study a dynamic system. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 45B: 33–45, 2015
The gyri of the octopus vertical lobe have distinct neurochemical identities
Authors: Shigeno Shuichi , Ragsdale Clifton W. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTThe cephalopod vertical lobe is the largest learning and memory structure known in invertebrate nervous systems. It is part of the visual learning circuit of the central brain, which also includes the superior frontal and subvertical lobes. Despite the well‐established functional importance of this system, little is known about neuropil organization of these structures and there is to date no evidence that the five longitudinal gyri of the vertical lobe, perhaps the most distinctive morphological feature of the octopus brain, differ in their connections or molecular identities. We studied the histochemical organization of these structures in hatchling and adult Octopus bimaculoides brains with immunostaining for serotonin, octopus gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (oGNRH), and octopressin‐neurophysin (OP‐NP). Our major finding is that the five lobules forming the vertical lobe gyri have distinct neurochemical signatures. This is most prominent in the hatchling brain, where the median and mediolateral lobules are enriched in OP‐NP fibers, the lateral lobule is marked by oGNRH innervation, and serotonin immunostaining heavily labels the median and lateral lobules. A major source of input to the vertical lobe is the superior frontal lobe, which is dominated by a neuropil of interweaving fiber bundles. We have found that this neuropil also has an intrinsic neurochemical organization: it is partitioned into territories alternately enriched or impoverished in oGNRH‐containing fascicles. Our findings establish that the constituent lobes of the octopus superior frontal–vertical system have an intricate internal anatomy, one likely to reflect the presence of functional subsystems within cephalopod learning circuitry. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:1297–1317, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neocortical neuronal morphology in the newborn giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi) and African elephant (Loxodonta africana)
Authors: Jacobs Bob , Lee Laura , Schall Matthew , Raghanti Mary Ann , Lewandowski Albert H. , Kottwitz Jack J. , Roberts John F. , Hof Patrick R. , Sherwood Chet C. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTAlthough neocortical neuronal morphology has been documented in the adult giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi) and African elephant (Loxodonta africana), no research has explored the cortical architecture in newborns of these species. To this end, the current study examined the morphology of neurons from several cortical areas in the newborn giraffe and elephant. After cortical neurons were stained with a modified Golgi technique (N = 153), dendritic branching and spine distributions were analyzed by using computer‐assisted morphometry. The results showed that newborn elephant neurons were considerably larger in terms of all dendritic and spine measures than newborn giraffe neurons. Qualitatively, neurons in the newborns appeared morphologically comparable to those in their adult counterparts. Neurons in the newborn elephant differed considerably from those observed in other placental mammals, including the giraffe, particularly with regard to the morphology of spiny projection neurons. Projection neurons were observed in both species, with a much larger variety in the elephant (e.g., flattened pyramidal, nonpyramidal multipolar, and inverted pyramidal neurons). Although local circuit neurons (i.e., interneurons, neurogliaform, Cajal–Retzius neurons) resembled those observed in other eutherian mammals, these were usually spiny, which contrasts with their adult, aspiny equivalents. Newborn projection neurons were smaller than the adult equivalents in both species, but newborn interneurons were approximately the same size as their adult counterparts. Cortical neuromorphology in the newborn giraffe is thus generally consistent with what has been observed in other cetartiodactyls, whereas newborn and adult elephant morphology appears to deviate substantially from what is commonly observed in other placental mammals. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:257–287, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
AlF3 Surface‐Coated Li[Li0.2Ni0.17Co0.07Mn0.56]O2 Nanoparticles with Superior Electrochemical Performance for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Sun Shuwei , Yin Yanfeng , Wan Ning , Wu Qing , Zhang Xiaoping , Pan Du , Bai Ying , Lu Xia 
Published: June 2015

AbstractLi‐rich layered cathode materials have already drawn considerable attention owing to their high capacity performance for Li‐ion batteries (LIBs). In this work, layered Li‐rich Li[Li0.2Ni0.17Co0.07Mn0.56]O2 nanoparticles are surface‐modified with AlF3 through a facile chemical deposition method. The AlF3 surface layers have little impact on the structure of the material and act as buffers to prevent the direct contact of the electrode with the electrolyte; thus, they enhance the electrochemical performance significantly. The 3 wt % AlF3‐coated Li‐rich electrode exhibits the best cycling capability and has a considerably enhanced capacity retention of 83.1 % after 50 cycles. Moreover, the rate performance and thermal stability of the 3 wt % AlF3‐coated electrode are also clearly improved. Surface analysis indicates that the AlF3 coating layer can largely suppress the undesirable growth of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film and, therefore, stabilizes the structure upon cycling.
Screen‐Printing of ZnO Nanostructures from Sol–Gel Solutions for Their Application in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Sarkar Kuhu , Braden Erik V. , Bonke Shannon A. , Bach Udo , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter 
Published: June 2015

AbstractDiblock copolymers have been used in sol–gel synthesis to successfully tailor the nanoscale morphology of thin ZnO films. As the fabrication of several‐micron‐thick mesoporous films such as those required in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was difficult with this approach, we exploited the benefits of diblock‐copolymer‐directed synthesis that made it compatible with screen printing. The simple conversion of the diblock copolymer ZnO precursor sol to a screen‐printing paste was not possible as it resulted in poor film properties. To overcome this problem, an alternative route is proposed in which the diblock copolymer ZnO precursor sol is first blade coated and calcined, then converted to a screen‐printing paste. This allows the benefits of diblock‐copolymer‐directed particle formation to be compatible with printing methods. The morphologies of the ZnO nanostructures were studied by SEM and correlated with the current density–voltage characteristics.
Carvedilol Attenuates Inflammatory Biomarkers and Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Fatani Amal J. , Al‐Hosaini Khaled A. , Ahmed Mohammed M. , Abuohashish Hatem M. , Parmar Mihir Y. , Al‐Rejaie Salim S. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

This study evaluated the effects of the carvedilol, a nonselective β‐adrenoceptor anatgonist with α1‐adrenoceptor antagonist activity, in a rat model of experimentally induced ulcerative colitis (UC). UC was produced using acetic acid (AA) in animals previously treated with carvedilol (30 mg/kg po, qd) for seven days. Mucus content, lipid peroxidation (LPO) products, sulfhydryl groups, antioxidant enzyme activities, proinflammatory cytokines, prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide levels were measured in colonic tissues and histopathological changes were assessed. LPO and proinflammatory biomarkers were markedly increased, while mucus content, sulfhydryl groups and enzymatic activities were inhibited in animals administered AA. Pretreatment with carvedilol attenuated LPO elevation, mucus content and sulfhydryl group inhibitions. Antioxidant enzymatic activity and proinflammatory biomarker levels were also restored in carvedilol‐pretreated animals. Colonic protection associated with carvedilol pretreatment was further confirmed by histopathological assessment and found to be similar to the standard therapy of mesalazine (100 mg/kg po qd), suggesting that the effects of carvedilol action may be attributable to its anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Drug Dev Res 76 : 204–214, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bioprotective Carnitinoids: Lipoic Acid, Butyrate, and Mitochondria‐Targeting to Treat Radiation Injury: Mitochondrial Drugs Come of Age
Authors: Steliou Kosta , Faller Douglas V. , Pinkert Carl A. , Irwin Michael H. , Moos Walter H. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

Given nuclear‐power‐plant incidents such as the 2011 Japanese Fukushima‐Daiichi disaster, an urgent need for effective medicines to protect against and treat the harmful biological effects of radiation is evident. To address such a challenge, we describe potential strategies herein including mitochondrial and epigenetic‐driven methods using lipoic and butyric acid ester conjugates of carnitine. The antioxidant and other therapeutically beneficial properties of this class of agents may protect against ionizing radiation and resultant mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent studies of the compounds described herein reveal the potential—although further research and development is required to prove the effectiveness of this approach—to provide field‐ready radiation‐protective drugs. Drug Dev Res 76 : 167–175, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimized extraction of 2‐arachidonyl glycerol and anandamide from aortic tissue and plasma for quantification by LC‐MS/MS
Authors: Garst Christopher , Fulmer Makenzie , Thewke Doug , Brown Stacy 
Published: June 2015

Atherosclerosis is a disease characterized by plaque formation due to an accumulation of fat, cholesterol, and immune cells in the walls of arteries. If a plaque ruptures, an occlusive thrombosis may form that causes either a heart attack or stroke. Macrophages express CB‐2 receptors, and are one type of immune cell that plays a role in plaque destabilization and rupture. Endocannabinoids anandamide (AEA) and 2‐arachidonyl glycerol (2‐AG) have been found to have activity on CB‐1 and CB‐2 receptors throughout the body and immune system. In this study, we investigated several sample preparation options for the LC‐MS quantification of AEA and 2‐AG from plasma and aortic tissue. The extractions considered included liquid–liquid (LLE), solid‐phase (SPE), and supported liquid (SLE). Some extraction protocols yielded high analyte recovery and prevention of 1‐AG/2‐AG isomerization. Our results indicate that a liquid‐liquid extraction using toluene yields the highest recovery for both analytes, coupled with low ionization suppression in the mass spectrometer. This extraction and corresponding LC‐MS/MS assay provides a simple, high throughput mechanism for the quantification of 2‐AG and AEA in matrices relevant to the study of endocannabinoids' role in atherosclerosis.Practical applications: We developed an extraction method for AEA and 2‐AG from plasma and aortic tissue samples and an LC‐MS/MS assay for quantification of these compounds to help understand the role of endocannabinoids and CB‐2 receptors in atherosclerosis. This assay can be applied toward the measurement of endocannabinoids, AEA and 2AG, in aortic tissue and plasma.Mass chromatogram of AEA and 2‐AG extracted from spiked aortic tissue (10 mcg/mL) using toluene LLE protocol and analyzed by LC‐MS/MS running in +ESI mode.
Three‐Component C1 Alkynylation of Tetrahydroisoquinolines Catalyzed by Silver Acetate
Authors: Shao Guang , He Yanjian , Xu Ying , Chen Jian , Yu Huijuan , Cao Rihui 
Published: June 2015

AbstractA highly efficient method to fulfil the three‐component C1 alkynylation of tetrahydroisoquinolines catalyzed by silver acetate was developed. This method features excellent regioselectivity and mild reaction conditions, is oxidant free, and can be performed in air. The power of this methodology was demonstrated by the rapid construction of the core structure of the natural product (tetrahydroberberine).
Synthesis optimization and fluoride uptake properties of high capacity composite adsorbent for defluoridation of drinking water
Authors: Thakre Dilip , Dixit Priyadarshini , Waghmare Sanghratna , Manwar Nilesh , Labhsetwar Nitin , Rayalu Sadhana S. 
Published: June 2015

A novel low cost composite adsorbent has been successfully synthesized from waste eggshell (ES), alum, and chitin for removal of excess fluoride from drinking water. Synthesis of chitin based adsorbent (CBA) was optimized by varying different synthesis parameters such as alumina loading, ES:chitin ratio, calcination temperature, calcination time, shaking time, drying temperature, and washing time. CBA is a composite type material having heterogeneous phases of Ca(OH)2, Al(OH)3, Al2O3 encapsulated with carbon, Al(OH)3 and Al2O3 deposited on carbon and Al2O3. Presence of multiple phases with prominent presence of crystalline as well as amorphous phases of alumina has been substantiated by using XRD and SEM analysis. The elemental composition of material and EDX also suggests composite nature of material with different phases. The SEM image of CBA reveals the presence of both coarse and fine particles with irregularly shaped particles of alumina agglomerates adhering to calcite particles of ES. Defluoridation performance was systematically studied for CBA, which has outperformed several reported adsorbents with its higher adsorption capacity of 30.3 mg g−1. No significant influence on the percent fluoride removal was observed in presence of Cl−,
and
ions, whereas the fluoride removal decreases significantly by 36, 24.84 and 24% in presence of
,
and
ions, respectively. CBA follows pseudo second order kinetic and fluoride adsorption mechanism was rather complex one, wherein both intraparticle diffusion and surface diffusion are involved in the rate‐limiting step. Negligible leaching of Al+3 ions was observed. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 1576–1585, 2015