bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Histories Written in Stone: Epigraphy and Mythical Narratives
Authors: Graf Fritz 
Published: November 2015

Abstract Mein Aufsatz will zeigen, wie im Hellenismus und der Kaiserzeit mythische Erzählungen, die sich in öffentlichen Inschriften niedergeschlagen haben, die traditionelle Funktion des Mythos als Begründung für politische und religiöse Institutionen aufrecht erhalten und weiterleben lassen. Eine Inschrift aus Aigai in Kilikien (spätes 2. oder frühes 3. Jh. n.Chr.), welche die Rede des Sophisten Antiochos von Aigai enthält, begründet die enge Bindung dieser Stadt mit Argos, und mithin ihren griechischen Charakter,mit der Gründungdurch Perseus. Eine inschriftlicher Brief der Prytanen von Tlos an ihre Kollegen in Sindyma (TAM II 174, unter Commodus) enthält eine Rede oder einen Traktat eines lokalen Aristokraten, Hieron, der die Beziehungen zwischen den drei Städten Tlos, Sindyma und Pinara aus der mythischen Gründungsgeschichte erklärt und kultische Aitologien und Wundergeschichten anfügt. Das jüngst publizierte mittelhellenistische Epigramm von Halikarnass, „Der Stolz von Halikarnass,“ verbindet die mythische Geschichte von Halikarnass seit der Geburt des Zeus, die sich in kultischen und politischen Institutionen niedergeschlagen hat,mit der literarischen Geschichte der Stadt und unterstreicht ebenso stark wie die beiden späteren Inschriften, wie sehr lokale Identität sich in der „historischen“ Kontinuität seit der mythischen Vorzeit ausdrücken kann, und wie gerne individuelle Städte diese Ansprüche in öffentlichen und monumentalen Inschriften dokumentieren.
Echo and the Historiola: Theorizing the Narrative Incantation
Authors: Waller Daniel James 
Published: November 2015

Abstract Narrative incantations known as historiolae appear frequently in many magical traditions, but scholarship on the subject is sparse, and current descriptions of the historiola’s mechanism are inadequate. This study addresses this lacuna. It examines and synthesizes the existing scholarly literature and develops a theory of echo in relation to the historiola. It explores two unusual ‘transubstantiative’ historiolae that demonstrate the value of this theory. The concept of echo advanced by this study not only expands upon our current understanding of the historiola but-together with the two case-studies-allows for several conceptual, formal, and pragmatic distinctions to be made within the primary literature.
Popular Hatred Against Christians: the Case of North Africa in the Second and Third Centuries
Authors: Rebillard Eric 
Published: November 2015

Abstract Popular hatred against Christians is often presented as an important factor in the persecutions. This paper argues that where evidence is available, which is the case for North Africa in the second and third centuries, popular hatred does not seem to play a significant role in the processes that led to the executions of Christians. It further suggests that popular hatred against Christians is in large part a construction of the ecclesiastical leadership. They create a context of communal hostility and violence for episodes that do not seem to amount to more than individual executions and thus try to foster a sense of community among Christians.
Preparation of hollow bioactive glass nanofibers by a facile electrospinning method
Authors: Song Botao , Wu Liang , Wu Chengtie , Chang Jiang 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this communication, hollow bioactive glass (BG) nanofibers were fabricated via a single-nozzle electrospinning method. The morphology of the prepared hollow BG nanofibers was observed by SEM and TEM, and the results showed that BG nanofibers had a continuous hollow interior. The hollow BG nanofibers were incubated in simulated body fluid (SBF) to investigate their apatitemineralization ability, and the result showed that after incubation for 6 h a flower-like apatite was observed on the surface of hollowBGnanofibers, and the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) result further confirmed the formation of apatite. The results suggested that hollow BG nanofibers could be used for drug delivery and bone regeneration applications due to their unique hollow structure and bioactivity.
Seven Proofs for the Subadditivity of
Expected Shortfall
Authors: Embrechts Paul , Wang Ruodu 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Subadditivity is the key property which distinguishes the popular risk measures Value-at-Risk and
Expected Shortfall (ES). In this paper we offer seven proofs of the subadditivity of ES, some found in the literature
and some not. One of the main objectives of this paper is to provide a general guideline for instructors
to teach the subadditivity of ES in a course. We discuss the merits and suggest appropriate contexts for each
proof.With different proofs, different important properties of ES are revealed, such as its dual representation,
optimization properties, continuity, consistency with convex order, and natural estimators.
Testing the Relative Performance of Data Adaptive Prediction Algorithms: A Generalized Test of Conditional Risk Differences
Authors: Goldstein Benjamin A. , Polley Eric C. , Briggs Farren B. S. , van der Laan Mark J. , Hubbard Alan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractComparing the relative fit of competing models can be used to address many different scientific questions. In classical statistics one can, if appropriate, use likelihood ratio tests and information based criterion, whereas clinical medicine has tended to rely on comparisons of fit metrics like C-statistics. However, for many data adaptive modelling procedures such approaches are not suitable. In these cases, statisticians have used cross-validation, which can make inference challenging. In this paper we propose a general approach that focuses on the “conditional” risk difference (conditional on the model fits being fixed) for the improvement in prediction risk. Specifically, we derive a Wald-type test statistic and associated confidence intervals for cross-validated test sets utilizing the independent validation within cross-validation in conjunction with a test for multiple comparisons. We show that this test maintains proper Type I Error under the null fit, and can be used as a general test of relative fit for any semi-parametric model alternative. We apply the test to a candidate gene study to test for the association of a set of genes in a genetic pathway.
A Mathematical Model to Predict Voltage Fluctuations in a Distribution System with Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Iyer Shivkumar Venkatraman , Wu Bin , Li Yunwei , Singh Birendra 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This paper proposes a simplified mathematical model to predict the impact of connection of Distributed Generators (DGs) to the ac grid. The model allows the user to examine the fluctuations in the magnitude of voltages at different nodes in the distribution system. In order to use the model, the user does not require a commercial simulation software making it a handy tool for a practicing engineer. Analysis has been presented to describe how the detailed mathematical model of the system is reduced using elementary matrix manipulation techniques to obtain the final simplified mathematical model. Simulation results are presented to verify the mathematical model with a ring distribution system with three DGs connected to it and the results validate those attained from the mathematical model.
Directions of Colour Changes of Nectar Honeys Depending on Honey Type and Storage Conditions
Authors: Piotraszewska-Pająk Allna , Gliszczyńska-Świgło Anna 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The colour of honey is one of the most important quality criteria for consumers. The colour depends mainly on the content of plant pigments but the honey consistency, shape, and size of the crystals may also influence the honey colour parameters. It is related to the crystallisation and decrystallisation processes of honey during storage. In the present study, directions of colour changes of honey during storage were evaluated using a tristimulus colorimeter and the CIE 1976 L*a*b* and CIE L*C*ho systems. The effect of time (3 and 9 months) and storage conditions (cold storage, room temperature storage with access to light, and room temperature storage without access to light) on the colour of nectar honeys was investigated. The results obtained showed that both the type of honey and the storage conditions influenced the honey colour parameters. Significant differences in direction and intensity of the colour changes of honey during storage were observed. These differences make it difficult to indicate which storage conditions are optimal to preserve the colour of the honey. It was found that acacia and heather honeys were the most susceptible to colour changes during long-term storage in all of the study’s applied conditions, whereas rape and buckwheat honeys were the most stable in colour parameters.
Macrostructural properties and access structures of LSP e-dictionaries for translation: the technical domain / Makrostrukturelle Eigenschaften und Zugriffsstrukturen der Online- Fachwörterbücher für Übersetzung im technischen Bereich / Caractéristiques macrostructurelles et structures d‘accès des dictionnaires spécialisés en ligne pour la traduction en domaine technique
Authors: Giacomini Laura 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This contribution enlarges upon the topic of macrostructures and access structures in LSP e-lexicography, paying special attention to the technical domain and translation-oriented usage. Whereas dictionary microstructures and mediostructures have so far been at the centre of research concerning LSP, macrostructures have been taken into consideration only incidentally and not in a systematic way. This paper proposes an evaluation framework for macrostructures of e-lexicographic tools on the grounds of different, combinable criteria, and applies this framework to a set of online and offline available resources. Against this background, the paper argues in favour of more in-depth studies on the role of macrostructures and access structures in the development of new methods for terminology management and description, especially under consideration of the quantitative predominance of the technical domain.
Outer features in e-dictionaries / Außentexte in Online-Wörterbüchern / Caractéristiques extérieures dans les dictionnaires en ligne
Authors: Klosa Annette , Gouws Rufus H. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Some structures in printed dictionaries also occur in online dictionaries, some do not occur, some need to be adapted whereas new structures may be introduced in online dictionaries. This paper looks at one type of structure, known in printed dictionaries as outer texts. It is argued that the notions of a frame structure and front and back matter texts do not apply to online dictionaries. The data distribution in online dictionaries does not only target the dictionary articles. There are components outside the word list section of the dictionary. These components are not always texts. They could e.g. also be video clips. Consequently the notion of outer texts in printed dictionaries is substituted by the notion of outer features in online dictionaries. This paper shows how outer features help to constitute a feature compound. The outer features in eight online dictionaries are discussed. Where the users guidelines text is a compulsory outer text in printed dictionaries it seems that an equivalent feature is often eschewed in online dictionaries. A distinction is made between dictionary-internal and dictionary-external outer features, illustrating that outer features can be situated in other sources than the specific dictionary. More research is needed to formulate models for online features that can play a comprehensive role in online dictionaries.
The role of ecosystem services in climate and air quality in urban areas: Evaluating carbon sequestration and air pollution removal by street and park trees in Szeged (Hungary)
Authors: Kiss Márton , Takács Ágnes , Pogácsás Réka , Gulyás Ágnes 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The evaluation of ecosystem services can provide essential help in incorporatating the multifunctionality of urban ecosystems in planning and management processes. Two important regulating services of urban trees, carbon sequestration and air pollution removal, are evaluated in this article for different types of tree stands (streets, parks) in the city centre of Szeged (Hungary). The necessary calculations were carried out by an adaptation of the targeted model (i-Tree Eco), based on a large complete tree inventory dataset. The analyses revealed the main tendencies in differences between tree species considering the tree condition, which affects the service-providing capacity to a high degree. The effects of differences in tree management on the chosen ecosystem services were investigated by comparing two pairs of tree alleys. Based on our observations, clear cuts and complete tree alley changes are not advisable from an ecosystem service point of view.
Smart tools of urban climate evaluation for smart spatial planning
Authors: Středová Hana , Středa Tomáš , Litschmann Tomáš 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Air temperature and humidity conditions were monitored in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, by a network of meteorological stations. Meteorological sensors were placed across a representative variety of urban and suburban environments. The data collected over the 2011–2014 period are analysed in this paper. The data from reference standard meteorological stations were used for comparison and modelling purposes. Air temperatures at the points of interest were successfully modelled using regression relationships. The spatial expression of point measurements of air temperatures was provided by GIS methods in combination with CORINE land cover layer, and satellite thermal images were used to evaluate the significance of these methods. The use of standard climate information has low priority for urban planners. The impact of the urban heat island on city residents and visitors was evaluated using the HUMIDEX index, as it is more understandable for urban planners than temperature conditions as such. The aim of this paper is the modification, description and presentation of urban climate evaluation methods that are easily useable for spatial planning purposes. These methods are based on comprehensible, easily available but quality data and results. This unified methodology forms a theoretical basis for better urban planning policies to mitigate the urban heat island effects.
Changes in climate and changing climate regions in Slovakia
Authors: Labudová Lívia , Faško Pavol , Ivaňáková Gabriela 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In the context of climate change, scientists discuss the relevant reference periods for the assessment of changes in climate. Recently, many studies have been published comparing recent conditions with the last reference period 1961–1990. In this paper, the trends of annual, seasonal and monthly average air temperature, as well as annual, seasonal and monthly precipitation totals in Slovakia, are presented to point out changes which will probably show up in the next reference period 1991–2020. In the second part of paper, changes in the climate regions in Slovakia are analysed, comparing spatial distributions in the period 1961–1990 and in the period 1961–2010.
Purine nucleoside analogs in the therapy of cancer and neuroinflammation
Authors: Savić Danijela , Stanković Tijana , Lavrnja Irena , Podolski-Renić Ana , Banković Jasna , Peković Sanja , Stojiljković Mirjana , Rakić Ljubisav , Ruždijić Sabera , Pešić Milica 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:Purine nucleoside analogs have been in clinical use for almost 50 years. At the beginning developed as antiviral agents, later their efficacy was demonstrated in cancer treatment, especially hematological malignances. The approval of new purine nucleoside analogs by US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) over the past decade implies that the interest for these drugs still exists. Here, we review new nucleoside analogs that are currently in preclinical or clinical development as anticancer agents. In addition, we highlight the potential for implementation of these drugs in other pathological conditions, particularly in neuroinflammation.
Targeting FOXOs to slow aging
Authors: Martins Rute , Dumas Kathleen J. , Lithgow Gordon J. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:The key importance of FOXO transcription factors and related pathways in the process of aging renders them compelling targets in the quest for compounds that could slow down the aging process. In this review, we give a brief overview of what we know about the role of FOXO proteins in aging and longevity and describe how this knowledge might be of value in developing future therapies aimed at extending lifespan and health span in people. Given the potential of FOXO proteins to impact on a variety of disorders such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegeneration or immune system dysfunction, novel therapeutic approaches based FOXO-targeting strategies are expected to be a fertile area of research in the near future.
The Climate Change Impact On Grapevine Productivity
Authors: Maria Nedealcov , Rodica Sîrbu 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The viticulture, a traditional branch of the national economy, is closely related to climatic conditions because the Republic of Moldova territory represents the northern border of its territorial location. Therefore the knowledge of regional particularities of grapevine productivity formation in dependence of current agro-climatic conditions is of particular interest. Along with accelerated climate change in last decades over the Republic of Moldova territory, we find that are essential changes concerning agro-meteorological conditions, at the same time comprehensive researches that would reflect the actual impact of climate change on grapevine are limited. There are known researches, but in the context of changes that occur at regional level it is necessary to supplement permanently the database in order to elaborate an appropriate estimation of current climate conditions. The above reported facts show the importance of parameters influencing the grapevine productivity time and space study in Republic of Moldova.
The Use Of Agricultural Lands In Northern Moldova Plateau
Authors: Capcelea Victor , Sofroni Valentin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis article comprises a study on the development and use of agricultural lands in Northern Moldova Plateau. The spatial aspects of using these categories of lands within the limits of study region are also described. In this article, the research findings are reflected on the basis of presented data by Agency for Land Relations and Cadastre of the Republic of Moldova. Scientific publication also describes some current issues on agricultural lands use in Northern Moldova Plateau.
The Role Of The Civil Society In Protecting The Natural Areas – Between Legislation And Implementation
Authors: Anca Ionce , Ruxandra Ionce 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In Romania there is a legislation that regulates different aspects of the protection and administration of natural areas- from the way they are being established to the way permissible activities in and around these areas are being regulated. Nevertheless, based on studies released by different interested forums, the core issue has been identified to be the poor informing of the population concerning the importance of protecting the biodiversity and its role in ensuring a support system of life and in developing socio-economical systems.
The presence of the inhabitants on the natural areas and the activities they conduct have a great impact on the natural environment, thus making their involvement in protecting the biodiversity extremely important. The general public needs to become more aware of the fact that the preservation of nature does not constitute a unique, self-defeating purpose, that requires the saccrifice of all means, and that the presence of a reservation in their community could lead to a highly beneficial sustainable development, both socially and economically as a result of increasing financial stability for the local population.
Throughout this process of communication/ awareness raising/ ecological education, a key role is being played by the environmental non-governmental organizations that, through their misison, can be more visible and more efficient in achieving the purpose of making the public aware and thus creating a responsible behaviour and a direct involvement in protecting and administrating the natural areas.
The Use Of Standardized Indicators (SPI And SPEI) In Predicting Droughts Over The Republic Of Moldova Territory
Authors: Nedealcov M. , Răileanu V. , Sîrbu R. , Cojocari R. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The drought events frequent manifestation over the Republic of Moldova territory, in the context of climate change requires a scientific monitoring adjusted to international researchers. In recent years, internationally, the estimation of this phenomenon occurs through standardized indexes. The most used of these, being the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). Since there is no a unified definition of drought, the World Meteorological Organization proposes to calculate the indexes, through developed calculation software. Thus, based on multi-annual data (1980-2014) a regional spatio-temporal estimation concerning drought in the Republic of Moldova was performed, thereby realizing the regional investigations framing in the international ones.
Risks Associated To Present Geomorphologic Processes In The Stemnic (Buda) River Basin
Authors: Bojoagă Ioan 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The paper analyses the main geomorphologic processes in the Stemnic (Buda) river basin, conditioned by the joint action of several factors, among which are the lithological peculiarities and the nature of superficial deposits, morphometric characteristics, climate, vegetation type and structure, properties of the soil cover etc. The Stemnic river basin with an area of 15662.52 ha is characterized by its elongated shape (the maximum length is of 30.5 km, maximum width of 8.5 km), its relative lithological homogeneity, but also by a variety of superficial deposits (eluvium, diluvium, colluvium and proluvium, alluvium) and by a relief energy of significant values between 136 m and 10 m (mean value of 73 m). Under these conditions, study area is characterized by a high degree of susceptibility to the occurrence of geomorphologic risk processes. For the morphometric and morphological analysis, we applied the method of the digital terrain model (DTM) with vectorisation of the contour lines on topographic maps with a scale of 1:5,000. In this paper we used indicators that highlight the particular frequency of landslides, especially in the upper and middle sectors, but the rather reduced frequency of deep erosion. Due to the satisfactory coverage of the ground with vegetation, the erosion reaction is differentiated, as it depends on the use of the land and the concentration of liquid flow on the slopes. Consequently, landslides of different ages, types and forms hold large surfaces in the basin (approx. 8%), while surface erosion affects most areas of the slopes, but with different intensities depending on their use and on agricultural technologies.
The Evolution Of Afforested Land In Northern Moldova Plateau
Authors: Capcelea Victor 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The present article contains a study on the evolution of afforested land in Northern Moldova Plateau. In addition, it describes some spatial aspects concerning the use and expansion of these categories of land within the study region. The present article also reflects the research results on the basis of the data submitted by the “Moldsilva” Agency, The Institute of Research and Forestry Management and Land Relations Agency and Cadastre of the Republic of Moldova. The scientific publication also depicts some current issues on the protection of land in Northern Moldova Plateau.