bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
АВТОМАТИЗОВАНА КЛІНІЧНА БАЗА МОНІТОРИНГУ ХВОРИХ НА МУКОПОЛІСАХАРИДОЗ
Authors: Stetsiuk V. Z. , Horovenko N. H. , Savytskyi A. Y. , Pichkur N. A. , Kytaiev K. K. 
Published: June 2015

This article describes the complexity of managing medical records of patients with MPS and monitoring them throughout their live. A general solution of these problems is produced by implementing an automated clinical database for monitoring the patients with mucopolysacharidosis. This application is designed to record and store information about patients with six types of MPS . The user can create, edit, store patient records , which include such data as the patients passport information, visits, test results, method of treatment , objective status . Also, the application has such functions such as : patient data search using a variety of filters, tracking patients visits on current week, estimation of the total requirement of drugs and the cost of these drugs.
An exploration of the role of the occupational therapist in relation to sleep problems in mental health settings
Authors: Faulkner Sophie , Mairs Hilary 
Published: June 2015

Introduction An adequate quantity and quality of sleep is a necessary pre-requisite for optimal occupational performance and participation in everyday life. Occupational therapists in various settings encounter people who are affected by sleep problems, but the contribution occupational therapists can make to help those experiencing sleep problems has not yet been fully defined. Method This paper reports upon a focus group study designed to elicit the views of occupational therapists working in mental health settings (where sleep disturbances are particularly prevalent) regarding their role in relation to sleep problems. Thematic analysis using a constant comparative approach was used to capture key themes. Findings Occupational therapists identified sleep as a significant and persistent occupational problem for many of their clients, and acknowledged that sleep was often overlooked. Although they could identify a series of possible strategies to address sleep needs they were uncertain regarding optimal practice. Conclusion Sleep is a valid and relevant area of concern for the profession. Given the findings of this study and the paucity of literature there is an urgent need to identify, design and evaluate occupational therapy assessments and interventions to address sleep problems in mental health and in other settings.
Observations of Magnetic Domain Structure Change in Nd2Fe14B Magnets at Elevated Temperature with External Magnetic Field by Lorentz Microscopy
Authors: Suzuki Toshimasa , Kawahara Koichi , Tanaka Haruka , Ozaki Kimihiro 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTIn this study, we conducted the in-situ observations of the magnetic domain structure change in Nd2Fe14B magnets at elevated temperature by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) / Lorentz microscopy. The in-situ observations in Nd2Fe14B magnets revealed that the magnetization reversal easily occurred at the elevated temperature. At more than 180°C, the magnetic domain wall motion could be observed by applying the magnetic field of less than 20 mT. The motion of the magnetic domain wall was discontinuous and the domain wall jumped to one grain boundary to the neighboring grain boundary at 180°C. On the other hand, the continuous domain wall motion within grain interior as well as discontinuous domain wall motion was observed at 225°C, and some grain boundaries showed still strong pinning effect even at 225°C. The temperature dependence of the pinning effect of grain boundaries would not uniform.
Widefield En Face Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Subretinal Drusenoid Deposits
Authors: Schaal Karen B. , Legarreta Andrew D. , Gregori Giovanni , Legarreta John E. , Cheng Qianqian , Stetson Paul F. , Cai Ming , Laron Michal , Durbin Mary , Rosenfeld Philip J. 
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To determine whether subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD) can be detected on widefield en face slab images derived from spectral-domain (SD) and swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) volume scans.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective study of patients with dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) enrolled prospectively in an OCT imaging study using SD-OCT (Cirrus HD-OCT; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) with a central wavelength of 840 nm, and a prototype 100-kHz SS-OCT instrument (Carl Zeiss Meditec) with a central wavelength of 1,050 nm. Seven en face slabs were evaluated with thicknesses from 20 to 55 µm and positioned at distances up to 55 µm above the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). A montage of 6 × 6 mm SD-OCT en face images of the posterior pole from each patient was compared with a 9 × 12 mm SS-OCT single en face slab image and with color, autofluorescence, and infrared reflectance images.

RESULTS:
A total of 160 patients (256 eyes) underwent scanning with both OCT instruments; 57 patients (95 eyes) also underwent multimodal fundus imaging. Of 95 eyes, 32 (34%) were diagnosed with reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) using multimodal imaging. All eyes with RPD demonstrated a pattern of SDD on widefield en face OCT similar to that observed for RPD. The en face slab image that consistently identified SDD was the 20-µm thick slab with boundaries from 35 to 55 µm above the RPE.

CONCLUSION:
Widefield en face slab imaging with SD-OCT and SS-OCT can detect SDD and could replace multimodal imaging for the diagnosis of RPD in the future.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2015;46:550–559.]
Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles with Multivalent Inhibitory Effects towards Carbonic Anhydrases
Authors: Touisni Nadia , Kanfar Nasreddine , Ulrich Sébastien , Dumy Pascal , Supuran Claudiu T. , Mehdi Ahmad , Winum Jean‐Yves 
Published: June 2015

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Jean‐Yves Winum and co‐workers at University of Montpellier (France) and University of Florence (Italy). The image depicts the multivalency approach applied to zinc metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrases. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201501037.
Preferences for food and nutritional supplements among adult people living with HIV in Malawi
Authors: Rodas-Moya Santiago , Kodish Stephen , Manary Mark , Grede Nils , de Pee Saskia 
Published: June 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo elucidate the factors influencing food intake and preferences for potential nutritional supplements to treat mild and moderate malnutrition among adult people living with HIV (PLHIV).DesignQualitative research using in-depth interviews with a triangulation of participants and an iterative approach to data collection.SettingThe study was conducted in a health clinic of rural Chilomoni, a southern town of Blantyre district, Malawi.SubjectsMale and female participants, aged 18–49 years (n 24), affected by HIV; health surveillance assistants of Chilomoni clinic (n 8).ResultsSix themes emerged from the in-depth interviews: (i) PLHIV perceived having a poor-quality diet; (ii) health challenges determine the preferences of PLHIV for food; (iii) liquid–thick, soft textures and subtle natural colours and flavours are preferred; (iv) preferred organoleptic characteristics of nutritional supplements resemble those of local foods; (v) food insecurity may contribute to intra-household sharing of nutritional supplements; and (vi) health surveillance assistants and family members influence PLHIV’s dietary behaviours. No differences by sex were found. The emergent themes were corroborated by health surveillance assistants through participant triangulation.ConclusionsIn this setting, a thickened liquid supplement, slightly sweet and sour, may be well accepted. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods for data collection should follow to further develop the nutritional supplement and to fine tune the organoleptic characteristics of the product to the taste and requirements of PLHIV. Results of the present study provide a first approach to elucidate the factors influencing food intake and preferences for potential nutritional supplements among adult PLHIV.
Riverbed methanotrophy sustained by high carbon conversion efficiency
Authors: Trimmer Mark , Shelley Felicity C , Purdy Kevin J , Maanoja Susanna T , Chronopoulou Panagiota-Myrsini , Grey Jonathan 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Our understanding of the role of freshwaters in the global carbon cycle is being revised, but there is still a lack of data, especially for the cycling of methane, in rivers and streams. Unravelling the role of methanotrophy is key to determining the fate of methane in rivers. Here we focus on the carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) of methanotrophy, that is, how much organic carbon is produced per mole of CH4 oxidised, and how this is influenced by variation in methanotroph communities. First, we show that the CCE of riverbed methanotrophs is consistently high (~50%) across a wide range of methane concentrations (~10–7000 nM) and despite a 10-fold span in the rate of methane oxidation. Then, we show that this high conversion efficiency is largely conserved (50%± confidence interval 44–56%) across pronounced variation in the key functional gene (70 operational taxonomic units (OTUs)), particulate methane monooxygenase (pmoA), and marked shifts in the abundance of Type I and Type II methanotrophs in eight replicate chalk streams. These data may suggest a degree of functional redundancy within the variable methanotroph community inhabiting these streams and that some of the variation in pmoA may reflect a suite of enzymes of different methane affinities which enables such a large range of methane concentrations to be oxidised. The latter, coupled to their high CCE, enables the methanotrophs to sustain net production throughout the year, regardless of the marked temporal and spatial changes that occur in methane.
Regulation of NDR1 activity by PLK1 ensures proper spindle orientation in mitosis
Authors: Yan Maomao , Chu Lingluo , Qin Bo , Wang Zhikai , Liu Xing , Jin Changjiang , Zhang Guanglan , Gomez Marta , Hergovich Alexander , Chen Zhengjun , He Ping , Gao Xinjiao , Yao Xuebiao 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAccurate chromosome segregation during mitosis requires the physical separation of sister chromatids which depends on correct position of mitotic spindle relative to membrane cortex. Although recent work has identified the role of PLK1 in spindle orientation, the mechanisms underlying PLK1 signaling in spindle positioning and orientation have not been fully illustrated. Here, we identified a conserved signaling axis in which NDR1 kinase activity is regulated by PLK1 in mitosis. PLK1 phosphorylates NDR1 at three putative threonine residues (T7, T183 and T407) at mitotic entry, which elicits PLK1-dependent suppression of NDR1 activity and ensures correct spindle orientation in mitosis. Importantly, persistent expression of non-phosphorylatable NDR1 mutant perturbs spindle orientation. Mechanistically, PLK1-mediated phosphorylation protects the binding of Mob1 to NDR1 and subsequent NDR1 activation. These findings define a conserved signaling axis that integrates dynamic kinetochore-microtubule interaction and spindle orientation control to genomic stability maintenance.
DNA methylation at IL32 in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Meyer Braydon , Chavez Raul A. , Munro Jane E. , Chiaroni-Clarke Rachel C. , Akikusa Jonathan D. , Allen Roger C. , Craig Jeffrey M. , Ponsonby Anne-Louise , Saffery Richard , Ellis Justine A. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common autoimmune rheumatic disease of childhood. We recently showed that DNA methylation at the gene encoding the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-32 (IL32) is reduced in JIA CD4+ T cells. To extend this finding, we measured IL32 methylation in CD4+ T-cells from an additional sample of JIA cases and age- and sex-matched controls and found a reduction in methylation associated with JIA consistent with the prior data (combined case-control dataset: 25.0% vs 37.7%, p = 0.0045). Further, JIA was associated with reduced IL32 methylation in CD8+ T cells (15.2% vs 25.5%, p = 0.034), suggesting disease-associated changes to a T cell precursor. Additionally, we measured regional SNPs, along with CD4+ T cell expression of total IL32 and the γ and β isoforms. Several SNPs were associated with methylation. Two SNPs were also associated with JIA and we found evidence of interaction such that methylation was only associated with JIA in minor allele carriers (e.g. rs10431961 pinteraction = 0.011). Methylation at one measured CpG was inversely correlated with total IL32 expression (Spearman r = −0.73, p = 0.0009), but this was not a JIA-associated CpG. Overall, our data further confirms that reduced IL32 methylation is associated with JIA and that SNPs play an interactive role.
Acute and chronic stress differentially regulate cyclin-dependent kinase 5 in mouse brain: implications to glucocorticoid actions and major depression
Authors: Papadopoulou A , Siamatras T , Delgado-Morales R , Amin N D , Shukla V , Zheng Y-L , Pant H C , Almeida O F X , Kino T 
Published: June 2015

AbstractStress activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, which in turn increases circulating glucocorticoid concentrations and stimulates the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Chronically elevated glucocorticoids by repetitive exposure to stress are implicated in major depression and anxiety disorders. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), a molecule essential for nervous system development, function and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, can modulate GR activity through phosphorylation. We examined potential contribution of CDK5 to stress response and pathophysiology of major depression. In mice, acute immobilized stress (AS) caused a biphasic effect on CDK5 activity, initially reducing but increasing afterwards in prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIPPO), whereas chronic unpredictable stress (CS) strongly increased it in these brain areas, indicating that AS and CS differentially regulate this kinase activity in a brain region-specific fashion. GR phosphorylation contemporaneously followed the observed changes of CDK5 activity after AS, thus CDK5 may in part alter GR phosphorylation upon this stress. In the postmortem brains of subjects with major depression, CDK5 activity was elevated in Brodmann’s area 25, but not in entire PFC and HIPPO. Messenger RNA expression of glucocorticoid-regulated/stress-related genes showed distinct expression profiles in several brain areas of these stressed mice or depressive subjects in which CDK5-mediated changes in GR phosphorylation may have some regulatory roles. Taken together, these results indicate that CDK5 is an integral component of stress response and major depression with regulatory means specific to different stressors, brain areas and diseases in part through changing phosphorylation of GR.
Animal personality in a foundation species drives community divergence and collapse in the wild
Authors: Pruitt Jonathan N. , Modlmeier Andreas P. 
Published: June 2015

Summary

Despite thousands of papers on the topic, precious few of the studies on animal personality have considered the role of personality in shaping community‐level processes. Here, we test the effect of individual variation on the long‐term trajectories of biological communities, from initiation to their demise. The spider Anelosimus studiosus builds webs that serve as habitat for >50 species of spider, which together construct a species‐rich silken reef. This species also exhibits a temporally consistent behavioural polymorphism where females exhibit either an aggressive or docile phenotype (personality).

In this study, we established incipient colonies of either two docile or two aggressive females and then tracked community succession and persistence over 7 years in the field. In particular, we noted the community compositions associated with colony extinction/collapse events, which are common in this species.

The community composition of webs founded by different phenotypes diverged rapidly in their early successional stages. However, this period of divergence was ephemeral and all communities eventually converged on a similar composition; communities founded by aggressive females merely took longer to reach it. This secondary stage of community convergence was itself short‐lived and independent of founders' personality; all communities collapsed within a year of achieving it.

Experimentally imposing this fatal climax composition on colonies caused 80% of communities to collapse within a year, suggesting that this climax composition actually causes the collapse of the community. Community collapse was characterized by a complete die‐off of the foundation species and the dispersal of all other spiders. Thus, the behavioural traits of the founding, foundational individuals of these communities dictate their path of succession and longevity in the wild.
Reproducibility and prognostic value of pattern of invasion scoring in low‐stage oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Heerema Marjolein G J , Melchers Lieuwe J , Roodenburg Jan L N , Schuuring Ed , de Bock Geertruida H , van der Vegt Bert 
Published: June 2015

AimsTo evaluate and compare the prognostic value and reproducibility of different methods of pattern of invasion scoring in oral squamous cell carcinomas. The additional prognostic value to established histopathological prognostic factors was also analysed.Methods and resultsThe study group was confined to 211 previously untreated patients who underwent surgery for low‐stage oral squamous cell carcinoma between 1997 and 2008. Median follow‐up was 64 months (range 0–193 months). Pattern of invasion was scored using five previously described methods, at random and independently, by two observers. Pattern of invasion scoring showed moderate interobserver reproducibility (Cohen's κ = 0.52–0.58). The predominant pattern of invasion and the summed predominant and worst pattern of invasion were independent prognosticators for locoregional recurrence‐free survival (LRRFS) [hazard ratio (HR): 2.1, P = 0.033 and HR 2.2, P = 0.024, respectively] and disease‐specific survival (DSS) (HR 2.3, P = 0.032 and HR 2.1, P = 0.044, respectively) in multivariate Cox regression analyses. The Harrell's C index for proven prognostic histopathological factors was 0.66 for LRRFS and 0.67 for DSS. This improved to 0.69 and 0.73 with the addition of pattern of invasion.ConclusionsPattern of invasion is an independent prognostic factor in low‐stage oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, it has a moderate reproducibility, and the contributory value next to other prognostic histopathological factors is minimal.
Revisiting nephrocalcinosis: A single‐centre perspective. A northern Italian experience
Authors: Piccoli Giorgina Barbara , De Pascale Agostino , Randone Olga , Vigotti Federica Neve , Priola Adriano Massimiliano , Naretto Carla , Ferraresi Martina , Aroasio Emiliano , Gonella Silvana , Mongilardi Elena , Scognamiglio Stefania , Consiglio Valentina , Roggero Simona , Piga Antonio , Roccatello Dario , Veltri Andrea 
Published: June 2015

AbstractAimNephrocalcinosis is a clinical‐pathological entity characterized by the deposition of calcium salts within the kidney parenchyma. Both the protean presentation and multiple causes may explain the lack of data regarding its prevalence. The aim of this study is to report the prevalence and main clinical features of nephrocalcinosis diagnosed in a newly opened nephrology outpatient unit.MethodsAnalysis on the data we prospectively gathered from the start of activity (2007–2013) was carried out. Clinical and laboratory data were collected from the medical records and from the general laboratory; diagnosis was based upon imaging data reviewed by the same radiologists.ResultsSixty‐five of 2695 patients referred to our unit were diagnosed with nephrocalcinosis (2.4%). The affected patients were younger than the overall out‐patient population (median: 37.7 (min–max: 8–82) vs 63 years (2–102) P < 0.001), with higher female prevalence (68% vs 51.4%: P < 0.05) and better preserved kidney function (CKD‐EPI 103 (23–165) vs 60 mL/min (3.2–169) P < 0.001). Kidney stones were the main reason for referral (35.4%), followed by electrolyte disturbances (22.7%), acute pyelonephritis (4.6%), AKI or CKD (4.6%). Nephrocalcinosis was associated with autoimmune diseases in 29% and with microcythaemia in 23%, while positive family history was present in 23% of patients. Various electrolyte disturbances were observed, with hypercalciuria being the hallmark of beta thalassaemic patients.ConclusionsNephrocalcinosis is a rare, but not exceptional disease in nephrology. In Mediterranean countries, microcythaemia would appear to be a major cause of this disease. Greater awareness of nephrocalcinosis is needed for an integrated approach involving various branches of internal medicine and radiology.
ДИНАМІКА ЗМІН РОЗРАХУНКОВИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЛАЗЕРНОЇ ДОПЛЕРІВСЬКОЇ ФЛОУМЕГРІЇ ОПІКОВИХ ПОВЕРХОНЬ У ХВОРИХ З ТЕРМІЧНОЮ ТРАВМОЮ ПРИ ПРОВЕДЕННІ РАННЬОГО ХІРУРГІЧНОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ГІДРОГЕЛЕВИХ ПОВ’ЯЗОК ТА ПІНОПОЛІУРЕТАНОВИХ АДСОРБЕНТІВ
Authors: Kovalchuk A. O. 
Published: June 2015

The dynamics of changes of amplitude-frequency range and medium-arithmetic values of the microcirculation hemo burn wounds in patients with thermal injury during early necrosectomy followed by wound closure hydrogel mesh products and sponged adsorbents. Revealed that normalization of laser Doppler flowmeter is statistically significantly faster in areas of burn lesions of the dermis where used in the treatment of combined hydrogel coatings and polyurethane sponge sorbing groups compared with observations, which were used in order to treat local antiseptics and hydrogel mono coverage.
Is zinc oxide a potential material for future high-power and high-frequency electron device applications?
Authors: Siddiqua Poppy , Hadi Walid A. , Shur Michael S. , O’Leary Stephen K. 
Published: June 2015

ABSTRACTAt the present moment, zinc oxide is primarily being used as an electronic material for low-field thin-film transistor and transparent conducting oxide device applications. In this paper, we present some recent results on the steady-state electron transport within zinc oxide suggesting that this material may also be considered as an alternative material to gallium nitride for high-power and high-frequency electron device applications. The expected device performance that may be obtained from zinc oxide-based devices is then projected and contrasted with that expected from gallium nitride-based devices. It is shown that zinc oxide-based devices have a slight advantage when compared with the case of gallium nitride.