bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prédication et autorité des imams en France
Authors: Sèze Romain 
Published: November 2014

Résumé Les imams en France sont perçus de deux manières contradictoires : acteurs sociaux à risque et autorités sur le déclin. Parallèlement, deux types de rapport à l’islam coexistent, qu’il s’agisse de musulmans nés en France ou de primo-migrants. Cette étude émane d’une enquête réalisée en France de 2006 à 2011, auprès de trente imams (un tiers d’imams-ouvriers, deux tiers d’imams « professionnels »). On peut ressaisir les principales caractéristiques de leurs prêches qui constituent un genre littéraire spécifique. Certaines règles oratoires (rythme, ton, etc.) sont encore respectées, bien que des paramètres nouveaux aient surgi. Les origines ethniques et nationales de leurs publics se diversifient. La plupart des prêches sont soit en arabe fusha, soit en français. Les imams adaptent leurs propos dans un souci d’intelligibilité. Les thèmes tournent autour des modalités d’observation des rites, des questions sociales et du culte, lato sensu . La peur de Dieu n’exclut pas l’amour. Il s’agit d’éduquer à la responsabilité. L’intériorité est un support du rite. Les bienfaits de l’islam rayonnent au service de la famille et de la société. La remise de soi à Dieu est un thème central. L’environnement non musulman pousse à la réprobation de l’Occident païen. Le repli, mais plus encore, l’engagement sont conseillés tout en mettant en valeur l’importance de l’eschatologie.
Le défenseur des enfants : une émancipation réussie
Authors: Bui-Xuan Olivia 
Published: November 2014

En onze ans, le Défenseur des enfants a rempli ses missions avec efficacité. Mais il semblerait que son autorité ait moins tenu aux pouvoirs qui lui ont été attribués par la loi du 6 mars 2000 qu’a ce qu’en ont fait les personnes qui l’ont incarné : Claire Brisset, de 2000 à 2006, et Dominique Versini, de 2006 à 2011. Leur dynamisme et leur liberté de ton ont fait du Défenseur des enfants non seulement une institution incontournable en matière de défense des droits de l’enfant mais encore un contre-pouvoir qui a pu gêner les pouvoirs publics.
Défenseur du peuple espagnol et garanties constitutionnelles
Authors: Gil-Roblès Alvaro 
Published: November 2014

Indissociable du rétablissement de la démocratie en Espagne, l’institution du Défenseur du peuple, inspirée d’un système, celui de l’ombudsman, étranger à la tradition juridique espagnole, avait au départ suscité un certain scepticisme. Le bilan dressé au terme de trente années d’existence est cependant positif : le doute exprimé sur l’intérêt de l’institution a disparu et celle-ci a accompli, en dépit de certaines tensions, la double tâche qui lui était assignée de traitement rapide des plaintes individuelles et de contribution à l’amélioration du cadre normatif. Il reste que cette réussite reste, dans une large mesure, dépendante de la capacité des partis de faire abstraction de leurs préférences politiques pour choisir la personnalité la mieux à même d’incarner l’institution.
le Comité interministériel d'audit des programmes : une occasion manquée ?
Authors: Barilari André 
Published: November 2014

Le comité interministériel des programmes a été créé en 2003 dans le but de fournir au pouvoir politique (exécutif et législatif) une expertise et une évaluation technique des programmes LOLF, principalement en vue du débat budgétaire. Le comité procède par cycles d’audits de programmes sur le fondement d’une méthode ad hoc préalablement élaborée dans un guide d’audit. Le rôle et le fonctionnement du comité sont retracés par qui en a été le premier responsable.
Quand le Trésor se réforme... À propos du projet de transformation (2009-2011) de la Direction générale du trésor du ministère de l'économie, des finances et de l'industrie
Authors: Rencki Julien , Descard Raphaëlle 
Published: November 2014

La direction générale du Trésor, direction d’état-major du ministère des finances, a engagé depuis 2009 un projet de transformation visant à améliorer la qualité du service rendu, par le biais d’un renforcement de la culture managériale, d’une gestion plus qualitative et individualisée des ressources humaines et de l’amélioration des conditions de travail des agents. Cette transformation, rendue nécessaire par la réduction des moyens de l’État combinée à l’intensification de l’action du Trésor dans la crise économique et financière, constitue une expérience innovante de réforme de l’État au sein des administrations centrales.
Le prix de l'engagement. Salariées et militantes au Mexique
Authors: Caulier Mathieu 
Published: November 2014

À la suite des conférences onusiennes du Caire et de Beijing (1994 et 1995), les normes « de genre » se sont affirmées comme part essentielle du discours démocratique occidental auquel le gouvernement mexicain a formellement souscrit. Face aux coûts de développement de nouvelles politiques « avec perspective de genre », l’État et les collectivités locales ont largement fait appel aux groupes de femmes et organisations féministes pour développer les nouvelles politiques publiques, imprégnées des normes internationales. Sociologues, psychologues, pédagogues et médecins, les salariées des ong contribuent à développer des programmes publics qui sont principalement des programmes de santé mais aussi des programmes éducatifs portant sur l’éducation sexuelle. C’est parce que les salariées sont souvent des militantes que leur statut précaire est vécu sous le registre de l’engagement ; engagement que les pouvoirs publics utilisent pour diminuer les coûts des programmes sociaux.
Spousal Support in Diabetes Self-Management Among Korean Immigrant Older Adults
Authors: Choi Sarah E. , Lee Jennifer J. , Park Jenny J. , Sarkisian Catherine A. 
Published: November 2014

The authors of the current article investigated domains of spousal support among diabetic Korean older adults and their spouses. Two focus groups were conducted with diabetic participants from the greater Los Angeles Korean community, and three were conducted with their spouses. In the focus groups, participants were asked to describe the spousal support given or received for diabetes self-management. Each group comprised four to nine participants. Focus groups were audiotaped, transcribed, and translated; two independent coders identified domains of spousal support. Content analysis identified six domains: diet, exercise, emotional support, medical regimen, communication with clinicians, and information. Diet was the most frequently described domain across all groups. Gender differences were noted in domains of information, communication, and medical regimen among diabetic participants. Both diabetic and spouse participants identified individualizing spousal support and recognizing diabetes management as teamwork as important elements of successful spousal support. Spousal support education for Korean older adults may have the greatest impact by incorporating these six domains, addressing gender differences, providing tips on individualizing support, and cultivating teamwork.[Res Gerontol Nurs. 2015; 8(2):94–104.]
A review - septage management related regulatory and institutional aspects and needs in Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando S. , Drechsel P. , Manthrithilake H. , Jayawardena L. 
Published: November 2014

Urbanization, population growth and rapid development have created a notable shift in septage* management in Sri Lanka, necessitating a vast and rapid improvement in the service of mechanized septage collection by trucks and finding additional space to meet the increasing septage disposal needs. According to data collected in 2012, 58% of the Local Authorities (LAs) in Sri Lanka have access to septic truck services. Septage (from septic trucks) appears as a non-traditional and fairly new urban waste stream without proper regulatory and institutional arrangement to manage. This paper contains a comprehensive legal, regulatory and institutional analysis of the present situation, and identify the needs and gaps that need to be filled to establish a sustainable septage management service in Sri Lanka. This review has elicited the need for a new array of regulatory and institutional interventions from national level to local level to manage septage.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/suslj.v13i1.7658Sabaragamuwa University Journal 2014; V. 13 No. 1 pp 1-15
Development of new processed mussel product using local mussel species (Perna viridis)
Authors: Jayasooriya M. C. N. , Jayamanne Vigith S , Ranathunge M.T.N. 
Published: November 2014

Perna species (Perna perna and Perna viridis) are commonly found edible mussel species around the margin of territorial sea of Sri Lanka It is seasonal seafood available only in few months per year have being experimentally cultured not commercialized as a processed mussel product yet. In this research, three mussels products (321, 654 and 987) were developed only vary with added citric acid amount (3g, 4g and 5g) and organoleptic properties of three citric acid treated bottle mussel products were investigated; nutritional and shelf-life were determined only for best product. Mussels (Perna viridis) harvesting was done in consecutive three days; extracted mussel flesh was stored under -10 0C. The processed product is having net weight of 115 g of cooked mussel and 85 mL of brine solution. Hot filling was done in all the time and stored in the room temperature. Semi trained 30 sensory panelist were used to determine the organoleptic qualities of the products subjectively and the best product was selected through Friedman non-parametric test. The color and texture sensory attributes were shown only the significant different (P<0.05) such as 0.001 and 0.035 respectively; sensory attributes such as appearance, odor, taste, after taste and overall acceptability have received to the P values which may higher than to the 0.05 significant levels (P > 0.05) such as 0.093, 0.152, 0.099, 0.850 and 0.106 respectively. The product 654 has received the highest sum of rank in all the time and considered as the best product. It having 6 months of expected shelf-life; no quality defects recorded until 20th week of shelf-life and having 73.70%, 16.65% and 2.60% of moisture, crude-protein and crude-fat percentages respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/suslj.v13i1.7673Sabaragamuwa University Journal 2014; V. 13 No. 1 pp 57-64
Missionale kerk, missio Dei en kerkverband: ’n Diskussie
Authors: Van Wyk Griffel 
Published: November 2014

Missionale kerk, missio Dei en kerkverband: ’n Diskussie. Die ontluikende kerk en die missionale kerk is onderwerpe wat toenemende bespreek en nagevors word. Deelnemers aan hierdie gesprek verken steeds die omvang en onderskeie elemente van die onderwerpe met soms uiteenlopende standpunte. Noodsaaklike elemente van hierdie gesprek is deur die literêre verkenning van sekere onderwerpe nagevors gepaardgaande met aflidings, evaluering en kritiese opmerkings om groter duidelikheid oor die onderwerp te bied en sodoende ’n vrugbare gesprek te bevorder. Hierdie navorsing het ook op onlangse kritiek teen die missionale kerkbeweging in Suid-Afrika gefokus, die onderliggende rol van die missio Dei in die missionale kerkbeweging verken en die implikasies van die missio Dei vir die kerkverband aangeroer. Die blyk dat die missio Dei groot waarde inhou vir ’n vrugbare gesprek oor die ontluikende kerk asook die missionale kerk omdat dit as geskikte paradigma vir teologiese ondersoek hieroor funksioneer. Dit wil ook voorkom of dit kwessies kan hanteer wat in verskillende denominasies en die kerkverband ontstaan vanweë die ontluikende kerkfenomeen.Missional church, missio Dei and inter-church relations: A discussion. The emerging church and the missional church are topics increasingly discussed and researched. Participants in this discussion are still surveying the extent and various elements of the subject with sometimes divergent views. Critical elements in the conversation were researched through literary exploration of certain topics accompanied by inferences, evaluation and critical discussion to provide greater clarity on the subject and promote fruitful discussions. This research furtherfocused on recent criticism of the missional church movement in South Africa, probed the underlying role of the missio Dei in the missional church movement and touched on the implications of the missio Dei for inter-church relations. The missio Dei proves to be of much value for fruitful discussion on the emerging and missional church, because it functions as a suitable paradigm of reference and theological enquiry and also seems able to address issues arising within denominations and inter-church relations caused by the emerging church phenomenon.
Knowledge and attitudes of non-occupational HIV post-exposure prophylaxis amongst first- and second-year medical students at Stellenbosch University in South Africa
Authors: Ncube Nondumiso B.Q. , Meintjes Willem A.J. , Chola Lumbwe 
Published: November 2014

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a worldwide problem, with 68% of infected people residing in sub-Saharan Africa. Antiretroviral therapy is used as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to prevent infection in cases of occupational exposure, and use has recently been expanded to nonoccupational exposure. Studies have demonstrated a lack of awareness of non-occupational PEP (NOPEP) in the general population.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge and attitudes towards availability of, access to and use of NO-PEP amongst first- and second-year medical students.Setting: Participants were medical undergraduates of Stellenbosch University in the Western Cape of South Africa who were registered in 2013.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of 169 students was performed. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires handed out in a classroom in August 2013. Self-reported knowledge and attitudes towards NO-PEP and barriers to access to and use of NO-PEP were analysed using frequency tables. Associations between self-reported and objective knowledge of NO-PEP were analysed by odds ratios.Results: Over 90% of students had good knowledge on HIV transmission, and about 75% knew how it can be prevented. Twenty eight per cent (n = 47) of students reported knowledge of NO-PEP; 67% reported hearing about it from lecturers, whilst 1% reported hearing about it from their partner. Studentswho knew the correct procedure to take when a dose is forgotten were 2.4 times more likely to report knowledge of NO-PEP than those who did not know what to do when a dose is forgotten (p = 0.029). No other associations were statistically signifiant.Conclusion: Students had positive attitudes towards the use of NO-PEP and also identifid barriers to its use. Despite good knowledge of HIV prevention and transmission, knowledge on NO-PEP was poor.
Human resources for health in Botswana: The results of in-country database and reports analysis
Authors: Nkomazana Oathokwa , Peersman Wim , Willcox Merlin , Mash Robert , Phaladze Nthabiseng 
Published: November 2014

Background: Botswana is a large middle-income country in Southern Africa with a population of just over two million. Shortage of human resources for health is blamed for the inability to provide high quality accessible health services. There is however a lack of integrated, comprehensive and readily-accessible data on the health workforce.Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the existing databases on health workforce in Botswana in order to quantify the human resources for health.Method: The Department of Policy, Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation at the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education and Skills Development, the Botswana Health Professions Council, the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Botswana and the in-country World Health Organization offie provided raw data on human resources for health in Botswana.Results: The densities of doctors and nurses per 10 000 population were four and 42,respectively; three and 26 for rural districts; and nine and 77 for urban districts. The average vacancy rate in 2007 and 2008 was 5% and 13% in primary and hospital care, respectively, but this is projected to increase to 53% and 43%, respectively, in 2016. Only 21% of the doctors registered with the Botswana Health Professions Council were from Botswana, the rest being mainly from other African countries. Botswana trained 77% of its health workforce locally.Conclusion: Although the density of health workers is relatively high compared to the region, they are concentrated in urban areas, insuffiient to meet the projected requirements and reliant on migrant professionals.
The Role of the Royal Navy in South America, 1920–1970
Authors: Wise Jon 
Published: November 2014

This book demonstrates the importance of the presence of the Royal Navy in South America. Historically there have been no treaty obligations and few strategic considerations in the region, yet it is frequently referred to as forming part of Britain’s ‘unofficial empire’. The role of the Navy in supporting foreign relations and promoting commerce is examined during a period of the twentieth century which is often associated with the decline of the British Empire.
The Role of the Royal Navy in South America, 1920–1970 shows how the Royal Navy reacted to changing circumstances during the post-war decades by adopting a more pro-active attitude towards the imperative of supporting naval exports. It provides a scholarly investigation of this important peacetime role for the service and offers the first book-length study of the Navy’s involvement in the region during this period.
Chemical composition of buckwheat plant parts and selected buckwheat products
Authors: Vojtí­šková Petra , Švec Pavel , Kubáň Vlastimil , Krejzová Eliška , Bittová Miroslava , Kráčmar Stanislav , Svobodová Blanka 
Published: November 2014

hemical composition plant parts (roots, stalks, leaves, blossoms) of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) and selected products made from its seeds (peels, whole seed, wholemeal flour, broken seeds, crunchy products Natural and Cocoa, flour, and pasta) was determined. Samples were dried and ground to a fine powder. All analyses were performed according to the Commission Regulation no. 152/2009, while rutin concentration was determined by the modified HPLC method. The lowest content of moisture was found in roots (4.3%) and in peels (almost 8%) and the highest moisture (nearly 11%) was discovered in seeds. The lowest amount of crude protein (3.5%) was found in peels, the highest crude protein amount (>13%) in both flours and leaves (23%). The starch content (>50% in dry matter) differs from one sample to another. Only in peels the content of starch was about 3.5%. From all examined samples, the lowest content of fat was found in crunchy products Cocoa, 1.7%. The lowest amount of histidine was determined in all studied samples, except peels, the highest content of glutamic acid was determined in almost all samples, except peels. Whole-meal flour is very rich source of Ca and Fe. The content of these elements was 1172 mg.kg-1 and 45.9 mg.kg-1, respectively. On the other hand, the highest content of Pb (>1 mg.kg-1) was found in broken seeds. The greatest concentration of rutin was determined in blossoms and leaves (83.6 and 69.9 mg.g-1), respectively. On the other hand, the lowest concentrations of rutin were found in buckwheat products (generally less then 1 mg.g-1, i.e. in wholemeal flour, 702 μg.kg-1, the lowest (almost 10 μg.kg-1) in pasta.
Low administration of bee pollen in the diet affects qualitative histological characteristics of bone in male rats
Authors: Martiniaková Monika , Boboňová Ivana , Omelka Radoslav , Ďúranová Hana , Babosová Ramona , Stawarz Robert , Toman Róbert 
Published: November 2014

Bee pollen is often used as a dietary additive because it contains proteins and is rich in vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals. However, its impact on growth characteristics and bone microstructure is still poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of low administration of bee pollen on selected growth characteristics and histological structure of femoral bones in rats. For this purpose, 1-month-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups of 5 animals each. In the control group (CG), rats were fed a commercial diet throughout the experiment (90 days). Rats of experimental group (EG) received standard diets with a 0.2% addition of bee pollen for the same time period of treatment. At the end of the experiment, macroscopical and microscopical structures of femoral bones from all rats were analysed using analytical scales, sliding instrument, polarized light microscopy and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The statistical analysis of obtained data did not reveal significant differences for body weight, femoral weight, femoral length, and cortical bone thickness between both investigated groups of rats. However, a higher number of primary and secondary osteons was observed in the central area of substantia compacta and near periosteal surfaces in rats from the EG group. Histomorphometrical data of primary osteons' vascular canals, Haversian canals and secondary osteons did not differ between rats from both groups. Also, concentrations of Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn in the bones of rats from the EG group were similar to those from CG group. Our results indicate that 0.2% concentration of bee pollen in the diet significantly affects qualitative histological characteristics of femoral bones in rats. On the other hand, it has no impact on the size of primary and secondary osteons and on the content of Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn in the bones of male rats.
The Association of Obesity and Sistemic Arterial Hypertension with High-Grade Prostate Cancer: Our Experience
Authors: Simona Di Francesco  , Raffaele L. Tenaglia  
Published: November 2014

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the first most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. We hypothesized that the presence of obesity and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), separately and combined, would be associated with increased High-grade PCa risk, since the initial diagnosis.
Methods: We evaluated, in 133 patients undergoing prostate biopsy at our institution, the relationship between obesity (BMI 30) and SAH (systolic blood pressure 140, diastolic blood pressure 90) with High-grade PCa (Gleason score 7) at initial diagnosis. Men with urological surgery history, steroid therapy, chemotherapy, incomplete data, were excluded.
Results:Obesity was significantly associated (OR 2.25, p < 0.05) with High-grade PCa since the initial diagnosis. Particularly, obesity in association with SAH, was significantly linked to aggressive PCa pre-treatment (OR 2.84, p < 0.05). SAH was not associated in our study with aggressive PCa in non-obese men.
Conclusions:Obesity and SAH were significantly linked to aggressive PCa, at initial diagnosis, prior to hormonal or surgical therapy. Further larger studies should better clarify this relationship to support these associations and to evaluate future preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Faire la littérature. La réception des textes et des auteurs québécois à la revue Études françaises (1965-2014)
Authors: Lapointe Martine-Emmanuelle 
Published: November 2014

À partir des principes énoncés par Georges-André Vachon en 1970 et 1965, cet article retrace la place centrale de la littérature québécoise à la revue Études françaises tout au long de ses cinquante ans d’existence. Véritable « baromètre » de l’institutionnalisation de cette littérature, le traitement qu’en propose la revue évolue, par déplacements successifs, d’une position d’intervention et de défense de la littérature québécoise en train de se faire dans les années 1970, à une intégration de ses textes aux diverses questions critiques et théoriques étudiées à la revue, dans une approche éventuellement comparative, dès les années 1980. En témoigne tout particulièrement la réception de certaines oeuvres canoniques, parmi lesquelles celles de Saint-Denys Garneau dont la réévaluation s’amorce à Études françaises, et de Réjean Ducharme dont la relecture, dès 1975, participe à la classicisation rapide qui la caractérise.