bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever at 60 Years: Early Evolution of Concepts of Causation and Treatment
Authors: Halstead Scott B. , Cohen Sanford N. 
Published: June 2015

SUMMARYDuring the decade of the 1960s, the epidemiology of a new dengue disease, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS), was described by collaborative research performed by Thai scientists from many institutions and by workers at the U.S. Army's SEATO Medical Research Laboratory in Bangkok, Thailand. Careful clinical and physiological studies provided the initial description of DSS. DSS cases were caused by each of the four dengue viruses (DENV) and not chikungunya (CHIK) virus or DENV 5 and 6, were associated with a secondary-type dengue antibody response in children over the age of 1 year, were associated with a primary antibody response in infants less than 1 year old whose mothers had neutralizing antibodies to all four DENV, were associated more frequently with secondary DENV 2 infections than those due to DENV 1 and 3, and were more common in females than males over the age of 3 years. Robust laboratory methods for growth and recovery of DENV in tissue cultures were introduced. In addition, life-saving principles of fluid and plasma protein resuscitation of hypovolemia were described. Most epidemiological observations made during the decade of the 1960s have been confirmed in the succeeding 45 years. Much contemporary research on pathogenesis fails to address the two distinct immunological antecedents of DHF/DSS.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatments Attenuate the Neutrophil‐to‐Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Li Hang , Zhao Daqing , Diao Mingfang , Yang Chen , Zhang Yu , Lv Yan , Zhao Jinjing , Pan Shuyi 
Published: June 2015

ObjectiveHyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a promising treatment in the management of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL), but the speciﬁc mechanisms of HBOT in ISSNHL are still unclear. The curative effects of HBOT in many diseases are related to the attenuation of inflammatory response. The neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a new inflammatory marker that can be assessed quickly. We investigated the relationship between HBOT and the inflammatory response in ISSNHL using the NLR.Study DesignCase series with chart reviewSettingTertiary teaching and research hospitalSubjects and MethodsBetween December 2007 and December 2013, 41 ISSNHL patients who underwent HBOT, 45 ISSNHL patients who did not undergo HBOT, and 14 healthy control subjects who underwent HBOT were included in the study. NLRs were assessed at 2 time points: at baseline (pretreatment) and on day 1 after 10 sessions of HBOT (posttreatment). Audiometric testing was performed at the above 2 time points.ResultsThe mean post‐HBOT NLRs, neutrophil, and white blood cell count values of the ISSNHL patients were significantly lower than their pretreatment values (P <. 001). Compared with the ISSNHL patients who did not undergo HBOT, the posttreatment NLR levels of the ISSNHL patients who underwent HBOT were much lower (P =. 036). Higher relative hearing gains were significantly associated with a greater reduction in the NLR after HBOT (r = −0.885, P =. 001).ConclusionsThe beneficial effect of HBOT on ISSNHL may be mediated at least in part by a decrease of inflammation.
Implantation of Autologous Adipose Tissue–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Foot Fat Pad in Rats
Authors: Molligan Jeremy , Mitchell Reed , Bhasin Priya , Lakhani Aliya , Schon Lew , Zhang Zijun 
Published: June 2015

Background: The foot fat pad (FFP) bears body weight and may become a source of foot pain during aging. This study investigated the regenerative effects of autologous adipose tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) in the FFP of rats. Methods: Fat tissue was harvested from a total of 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats for isolation of AT-MSCs. The cells were cultured, adipogenic differentiation was induced for 1 week, and the AT-MSCs were labeled with fluorescent dye before injection. AT-MSCs (5 × 104 in 50 µL of saline) were injected into the second infradigital pad in the right hindfoot of the rat of origin. Saline only (50 µL) was injected into the corresponding fat pad in the left hind paw of each rat. Rats (n = 10) were euthanized at 1, 2, and 3 weeks, and the second infradigital fat pads were dissected for histologic examination. Results: The fluorescence-labeled AT-MSCs were present in the foot pads throughout the 3-week experimental period. On histologic testing, the area of fat pad units (FPUs) in the fat pads that received AT-MSC injections was greater than that in the control fat pads. Although the thickness of septae was not changed by AT-MSC injections, the density of elastic fibers in the septae was increased in the fat pads with implanted AT-MSCs. Conclusion: In this short-term study, the implanted AT-MSCs largely survived and might have stimulated the expansion of individual FPUs and increased the density of elastic fibers in the FFP in this rat model. Clinical Relevance: These data support the development of stem cell therapies for age-associated degeneration in FFP in humans.
Rethinking Latin America
Authors: Munck Ronaldo 
Published: June 2015

It could be argued that Latin America is currently at a crossroads every bit as fundamental as that of the 1930s. While according to some the region has escaped the worst impacts of the Great Recession, for others the model of extractive capitalism is simply not sustainable. Clearly there is a new left hegemony emerging, but for many analysts the left’s efforts have been insufficient and have simply continued the neoliberal economic model. A rethinking of Latin America from the perspective of three somewhat disparate thinkers who were shaped by the crisis of 1929—José Carlos Mariátegui, Antonio Gramsci, and Karl Polanyi—can help us reimagine a progressive way forward. Se podría argumentar que América Latina se encuentra en una encrucijada tan importante como la de los años treinta. Mientras para algunos la región se ha librado de los peores efectos de la Gran Recesión, para otros el modelo de capitalismo extractivo no es sostenible en absoluto. Es evidente que está emergiendo una nueva hegemonía de la izquierda, pero para muchos analistas los esfuerzos de la izquierda han sido insuficientes y simplemente han mantenido el modelo económico neoliberal. Un replanteamiento de América Latina desde la perspectiva de José Carlos Mariátegui, Antonio Gramsci y Karl Polanyi—tres pensadores un tanto dispares que fueron formados por la crisis de 1929—podría ayudarnos a reinventar una vía progresista hacia el futuro.
PsychDT Working Group
Authors: Barnard Katharine D. , Venkat Manu V. , Close Kelly , Heinemann Lutz , Weissberg-Benchell Jill , Hood Korey K. , Kubiak Thomas , Kowalski Aaron J. , Laffel Lori 
Published: June 2015

Background: Diabetes technology is a cornerstone of diabetes management in the 21st century, with advances in available devices over recent years playing a central role in the way that health care has progressed. Psychosocial interventions have been shown to have a positive impact on glycemic control, reduce psychological distress and reduce costs of health care. Addressing and improving psychosocial outcomes that complement biomedical improvements and looking to the future are crucial to enhance patient acceptance of artificial pancreas (AP) systems. Methods: To achieve closer collaboration and comparability across different AP research trials, a working group was established. Results: Existing measures fail to adequately capture the extent to which human and psychological factors play a role in the uptake and efficient use of AP systems. Understanding these factors will ultimately lead to the most benefit for users. Reliable measures of the psychosocial impact of AP systems for users is crucial to ensure that (1) regulatory authorities are able to robustly consider these aspects as part of their approval process, (2) government and private payers are able to factor these aspects into their decisions regarding reimbursement, and (3) persons with diabetes maximize benefits in terms of both glycemic control and quality of life to minimize the burden of diabetes in everyday life. Conclusions: This working group will serve as a platform to foster exchange, identify research needs, and guide and initiate collaborative research laying the groundwork for optimal utilization of diabetes technology in clinical diabetes care. A close collaboration among all key stakeholders is crucial to ensure that devices are designed, trialed, approved, and provided with minimal user burden and maximum beneficial effect.
Some remarks on ‘Multidimensional fixed point theorems for isotone mappings in partially ordered metric spaces’
Authors: Agarwal Ravi P , Karapınar Erdal , Roldán-López-de-Hierro Antonio-Francisco 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to advise researchers in the field of Fixed Point Theory against an extended mistake that can be found in some proofs. We illustrate our claim proving that theorems in the very recent paper (Wang in Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2014:137, 2014) are incorrect, and we provide different corrected versions of them.
Demiclosed principle and convergence theorems for total asymptoticallynonexpansive nonself mappings in hyperbolic spaces
Authors: Wan Li-Li 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we prove the demiclosed principle for total asymptoticallynonexpansive nonself mappings in hyperbolic spaces. Then we obtain convergencetheorems of the mixed Agarwal-O’Regan-Sahu type iteration for totalasymptotically nonexpansive nonself mappings. Our results extend some results inthe literature.MSC:47H09, 49M05.
A note on statistical and biological communication: a case study of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic
Authors: Recoskie Jeremy , Heffernan Jane M , Jankowski Hanna K 
Published: June 2015

Abstract

Background
Many academic fields contribute to medical and health research. As a result, due to the various backgrounds of these disciplines, inference and interpretation of study findings can be misconstrued.

Results
In a recent survey of the 2009 H1N1 literature we found many instances where semantic and statistical misinterpretation or miscommunication could potentially arise. We provide examples where miscommunication or misinterpretation of study results can mislead the interdisciplinary reader. We also provide some additional background on statistical methodology and theory for the interested reader.

Discussion
This work presented some examples where statistical misinterpretation or miscommunication could arise in the H1N1 literature. However, similar challenges are encountered in other subjects and disciplines. To reduce the probability of this occurring it is necessary that (1) readers consider papers with a critical eye and approach citations with caution; (2) authors take more care to present study methods with more clarity. Reproducibility of the study results would greatly aid readers in their ability to understand and interpret the given findings.
The effect size, study design, and development experience in commercially sponsored studies for new drug applications in approved drugs
Authors: Fukunaga Satoshi , Kusama Makiko , Ono Shunsuke 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
Pharmaceutical companies incorporate different features into the trials for new drug applications (NDAs) to render them efficient, making use of their experience. The objective of this analysis was to examine the associations between outcome and features related to study design and clinical development experience in commercially sponsored clinical trials.
We collected data of phase 2 and phase 3 trials of all the drugs that obtained approval for depression, schizophrenia, asthma, hypertension, and diabetes in Japan from 1970 to 2011. In total, 145 trials from 90 test drugs were eligible for our study. We calculated the effect size, the standard mean of differences between test drug and comparator therapeutic effects, as the objective variable for use in our analysis. A linear mixed effect model with nested and crossed random effects was used in the analysis including variety of therapeutic area, test drugs and clinical trials.
The analysis showed that trial features including sample size, subjective endpoints and active comparator of the same mode of action were negatively associated with effect size. In addition, sponsors’ domestic clinical development experience with similar drugs seemed to have a positive association, but prior development experience in foreign countries did not. The accumulation of skills and knowledge within sponsors, and accumulated experience in domestic professionals who implement clinical trials under study contracts with sponsors would be of great importance for yielding clear outcomes.
This study provides additional evidence with respect to possible sizes and directions of the influence of study design features that must be considered when planning and implementing trials for new drug applications, and when retrospectively comparing outcomes from trials with different designs and environments.
Efficient polygalacturonase production from agricultural and agro-industrial residues by solid-state culture of Aspergillus sojae under optimized conditions
Authors: Heerd Doreen , Diercks-Horn Sonja , Fernández-Lahore Marcelo 
Published: June 2015

AbstractPreviously identified fungal pectinase producers of the speciesAspergillus sojaewere used for optimization of polygalacturonase production in solid-state fermentation applying Design of Experiment. The effects of media composition and several process parameters, like inoculum size, moisture level, incubation time and temperature on polygalacturonase activity were studied in screening and optimization investigations. Utilization of agricultural and agro-industrial by-products provided the establishment of a cost-efficient and sustainable process for enzyme production. Comparison of pectinase production byA. sojaeATCC 20235 andA. sojaeCBS 100928 under optimized conditions yielded 6.9 times higher polygalacturonase activity byA. sojaeATCC 20235. Highest enzyme yield (909.5 ± 2.7 U/g) was obtained byA. sojaeATCC 20235 after 8 days at 30°C applying 30% sugar beet pulp as inducer substrate in combination with wheat bran as medium wetted at 160% with 0.2 M HCl. Furthermore, an overview of pectinolytic enzyme activities present in the extracts of both strains is provided. Protein profiles of both strains are given by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, as well as zymograms for pectinolytic enzymes in comparison to commercial pectinase preparations.
Smart Care™ versus respiratory physiotherapy–driven manual weaning for critically ill adult patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Taniguchi Corinne , Victor Elivane S. , Pieri Talita , Henn Renata , Santana Carolina , Giovanetti Erica , Saghabi Cilene , Timenetsky Karina , Caserta Eid Raquel , Silva Eliezer , Matos Gustavo F. J. , Schettino Guilherme P. P. , Barbas Carmen S. V. 
Published: June 2015

AbstractIntroductionA recent meta-analysis showed that weaning with SmartCare™ (Dräger, Lübeck, Germany) significantly decreased weaning time in critically ill patients. However, its utility compared with respiratory physiotherapist–protocolized weaning is still a matter of debate. We hypothesized that weaning with SmartCare™ would be as effective as respiratory physiotherapy–driven weaning in critically ill patients.MethodsAdult critically ill patients mechanically ventilated for more than 24 hours in the adult intensive care unit of the Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil, were randomly assigned to be weaned either by progressive discontinuation of pressure support ventilation (PSV) with SmartCare™. Demographic data, respiratory function parameters, level of PSV, tidal volume (VT), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration (EtCO2) and airway occlusion pressure at 0.1 second (P0.1) were recorded at the beginning of the weaning process and before extubation. Mechanical ventilation time, weaning duration and rate of extubation failure were compared.ResultsSeventy patients were enrolled 35 in each group. There was no difference between the two groups concerning age, sex or diagnosis at study entry. There was no difference in maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, forced vital capacity or rapid shallow breathing index at the beginning of the weaning trial. PEEP, VT, FiO2, SpO2, respiratory rate, EtCO2and P0.1were similar between the two groups, but PSV was not (median: 8 vs. 10 cmH2O;p=0.007). When the patients were ready for extubation, PSV (8 vs. 5 cmH2O;p=0.015) and PEEP (8 vs. 5 cmH2O;p<0.001) were significantly higher in the respiratory physiotherapy–driven weaning group. Total duration of mechanical ventilation (3.5 [2.0–7.3] days vs. 4.1 [2.7-7.1] days;p=0.467) and extubation failure (2 vs. 2;p=1.00) were similar between the two groups. Weaning duration was shorter in the respiratory physiotherapy–driven weaning group (60 [50–80] minutes vs. 110 [80–130] minutes;p<0.001).ConclusionA respiratory physiotherapy–driven weaning protocol can decrease weaning time compared with an automatic system, as it takes into account individual weaning difficulties.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT02122016. Date of Registration: 27 August 2013.
El horizonte de la geomorfología estructural en geografía: el último legado de Jesús García Fernández
Authors: Marco Molina Juan Antonio 
Published: June 2015

Quiero comenzar por agradecer al Departamento de Geografía de la Universidad de Valladolid el que pensara en mi para participar en este solemne acto en memoria de D. Jesús García Fernández. Presentar su obra póstuma Geomorfología Estructural (Elementos del relieve) —subtítulo que ha desaparecido en el proceso de edición— es para mi, ante todo, un honor; pero también una responsabilidad que asumo modesta y emocionadamente. No es mi pretensión desgranar exhaustivamente ni los contenidos, sumamente interesantes, ni los rasgos formales; aspectos que, de consuno, dotan de acusada singularidad y valor sin igual a este libro de 644 páginas y 442 figuras. Más bien pretendo destacar el significado de esta inédita y gran aportación al conocimiento geográfico, a esa Geografía «sin epítetos, ni preferencias», como a él gustaba subrayar.
1-(5-Benzylthiazol-2-yl)azonaphthalen-2-ol – a new reagent for the determination of Pd(II)
Authors: Tupys Andriy , Tymoshuk Oleksandr 
Published: June 2015

Abstract
A simple method for the determination of Pd2+-ions using the azo dye 1-(5-benzylthiazol-2-yl)azonaphthalen-2-ol (or BnTAN) and toluene or chloroform as extraction media is proposed. The palladium(II) ion interacts with 1-(5-benzylthiazol-2-yl)azonaphthalen-2-ol creating a chelate complex. This compound was extracted into toluene and chloroform from the alkaline and acid aqueous solutions respectively. Obtained extracts showed absorbance maxima at 600 and 684 nm. Obedience to Beer’s law was established in the range of 0.261 to 0.850 μg mL−1 of Pd(II) and the molar absorptivity of the complex of 6.70 · 103 L mol−1 cm−1 was determined. Optimum reaction conditions for complexation, the effect of variables like time of heating and pH were studied. Detailed studies to check the Pd2+ : BnTAN – stoichiometric ratio were carried out. The method was successfully applied for the analysis of Pd(II) in details of electronic devices.
Model Of Navigational Safety Of Fishing Vessels In Polish EEZ
Authors: Przywarty Marcin , Jarząbek Dorota , Gucma Lucjan 
Published: June 2015

AbstractThe paper presents the assumptions of a simulation model for assessing the navigational safety of fishing vessels. The model consist of submodels of merchant and fishing vessels traffic, submodel of external condition and submodel of accident consequences. Paper present also a results of simulation experiment which was carried out for Polish EEZ. Model takes into account all Polish fishing vessels operating in the Polish EEZ with length more than 15 meters and the merchant vessels traffic in South Baltic Sea area. As a results positions of simulated collisions of fishing and merchant vessels, positions and sizes of simulated bunker spills and the positions of losses of fishing equipment were achieved.
Isotropic incompressible hyperelastic models for modelling the mechanical behaviour of biological tissues: a review
Authors: Wex Cora , Arndt Susann , Stoll Anke , Bruns Christiane , Kupriyanova Yuliya 
Published: June 2015

AbstractModelling the mechanical behaviour of biological tissues is of vital importance for clinical applications. It is necessary for surgery simulation, tissue engineering, finite element modelling of soft tissues, etc. The theory of linear elasticity is frequently used to characterise biological tissues; however, the theory of nonlinear elasticity using hyperelastic models, describes accurately the nonlinear tissue response under large strains. The aim of this study is to provide a review of constitutive equations based on the continuum mechanics approach for modelling the rate-independent mechanical behaviour of homogeneous, isotropic and incompressible biological materials. The hyperelastic approach postulates an existence of the strain energy function – a scalar function per unit reference volume, which relates the displacement of the tissue to their corresponding stress values. The most popular form of the strain energy functions as Neo-Hookean, Mooney-Rivlin, Ogden, Yeoh, Fung-Demiray, Veronda-Westmann, Arruda-Boyce, Gent and their modifications are described and discussed considering their ability to analytically characterise the mechanical behaviour of biological tissues. The review provides a complete and detailed analysis of the strain energy functions used for modelling the rate-independent mechanical behaviour of soft biological tissues such as liver, kidney, spleen, brain, breast, etc.
Early postoperative C-terminal agrin fragment (CAF) serum levels predict graft loss and proteinuria in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Steubl Dominik , Vogel Anna , Hettwer Stefan , Tholen Susanne , Luppa Peter B. , Rondak Ina-Christine , Renders Lutz , Heemann Uwe , Roos Marcel 
Published: June 2015

AbstractC-terminal agrin fragment (CAF), cleavage product of agrin, was previously correlated with kidney function in renal transplant patients. This article studies the predictive value of CAF for long-term outcomes in renal transplant recipients.In this observational cohort study, serum CAF, creatinine and blood-urea-nitrogen (BUN) concentrations and eGFR (CKD-EPI) were assessed 1–3 months after transplantation in 105 patients undergoing kidney transplantation. Cox regression models were used to analyse the predictive value of all parameters concerning all-cause mortality (ACM), graft loss (GL), doubling of creatinine/proteinuria at the end of follow-up.Median follow-up time was 3.1 years. The mean concentrations were 191.9±152.4 pM for CAF, 176±96.8 μmol/L for creatinine, 12.6±6.2 mmol/L for BUN and 44.9±21.2 mL/min for CKD-EPI formula, respectively. In univariate analysis CAF and BUN concentrations predicted ACM (CAF: HR=1.003, 1.1-fold risk, p=0.043; BUN: HR=1.037, 1.3-fold risk, p=0.006). Concerning GL, CAF (HR=1.006, 3.1-fold risk, p<0.001), creatinine (HR=2.396, 2.6-fold risk, p<0.001), BUN (HR=1.048, 1.7-fold risk, p=0.001) and eGFR (CKD-EPI) (HR=0.941, 0.45-fold risk reduction, p=0.006) showed a statistically significant association. CAF was the only parameter significantly associated with doubling of proteinuria (HR=1.005, 1.7-fold risk, p<0.001). In multiple regression analysis (CAF only) the association remained significant for GL and doubling of proteinuria but not ACM.Early postoperative serum CAF appears to be a useful tool for the assessment of long-term outcomes in renal transplant recipients. Most importantly it represents a promising predictor for the development of proteinuria.