bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual add‐on therapy of gemigliptin and dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin alone: The SOLUTION 2 study
Authors: Han Kyung Ah , Hwang You‐Cheol , Moon Shin Je , Cho Ho Chan , Yoo Hye Jin , Choi Sung Hee , Chon Suk , Kim Kyoung‐Ah , Kim Tae Nyun , Kang Jun Goo , Park Cheol‐Young , Won Jong Chul , Cho Eunjoo , Kim Jeongyun , Park Kyong Soo 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of gemigliptin and dapagliflozin dual add‐on therapy (GEMI + DAPA) to metformin in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients who had inadequate glycaemic control on metformin alone, compared with a single add‐on of either gemigliptin (GEMI) or dapagliflozin (DAPA) to metformin.Materials and MethodsIn this randomized, double‐blind, double‐dummy, active‐controlled, parallel‐group, phase 3 study, 469 T2D patients treated with a stable dose of metformin for 8 weeks or longer were randomized to receive GEMI + DAPA (n = 157) and either GEMI (n = 156) or DAPA (n = 156). The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c levels from baseline at week 24.ResultsBaseline characteristics including body mass index and T2D duration were similar among groups. At week 24, the least square mean changes in HbA1c from baseline were −1.34% with GEMI + DAPA, −0.90% with GEMI (difference between GEMI + DAPA vs. GEMI −0.44% [95% confidence interval {CI}: −0.58% to −0.31%], P < .01) and −0.78% with DAPA (difference between GEMI + DAPA vs. DAPA −0.56% [95% CI: −0.69% to −0.42%], P < .01). Both upper CIs were less than 0, demonstrating the superiority of GEMI + DAPA for lowering HbA1c. The rates of responders achieving HbA1c less than 7% and less than 6.5% were greater with GEMI + DAPA (84.9%, 56.6%) than with GEMI (55.3%, 32.2%) and DAPA (49.3%, 15.3%). The incidence rate of adverse events was similar across groups, with low incidence rates of hypoglycaemia, urinary tract infection and genital infection.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the addition of GEMI + DAPA to metformin as triple combination therapy was effective, safe and well‐tolerated, especially for T2D patients who experienced poor glycaemic control on metformin alone.
The interaction effect between BMI, diabetes and age at diabetes onset on the risk of thyroid cancer: A population‐based cohort study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Hou Tianzhichao , Li Yanyun , Yan Qinghua , Zhou Yulin , Cheng Minna , Gu Kai , Wu Chunxiao , Pang Yi , Yu Pengcheng , Kain Khalil , Bloomgarden Zachary , Ning Guang , Li Qinyu , Tian Jingyan , Shi Yan 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimTo determine the association of the presence of diabetes and, among persons with diabetes, the age at type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset, BMI and the interactive effect with the subsequent thyroid cancer risk.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a population register‐based longitudinal cohort study in Shanghai, including 428 568 persons with new‐onset T2DM matched with the general population. The risk of thyroid cancer among subgroups was calculated based on standardized incidence ratio (SIR), hazard ratio (HR) and Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsIn total, 1142 thyroid cancer cases were identified during 8 years of follow‐up, with an incidence rate of 59.01/100 000 person‐years and a higher risk (SIR = 1.21) compared with the general population. The earlier age at T2DM onset and higher BMI were associated with an increasing risk of thyroid cancer independently (onset age <50, SIR: 1.46; BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2, SIR: 1.93), with the highest risk in patients with both BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2 and onset age <50 years (SIR = 3.91, HR = 3.04). Among patients with T2DM onset age <60 years, SIR increased with higher BMI, while there were no trends when onset age ≥60 years. Among patients with BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2, SIR increased with an earlier onset age, whereas no trends were shown in the BMI <24.9 kg/m2 groups. Obese (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2) patients had a significantly higher HR of thyroid cancer only when T2DM onset age <60 years.ConclusionsBoth earlier age of T2DM onset (<50 years) and higher BMI (≥30 kg/m2) contributed to the higher risk of thyroid cancer. Patients with young‐onset T2DM and obesity are considered more vulnerable to thyroid cancer development.
Greater hepatic lipid saturation is associated with impaired glycaemic regulation in men with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease but is not altered by 6 weeks of exercise training
Authors: Willis Scott A. , Malaikah Sundus , Bawden Stephen J. , Sherry Aron P. , Sargeant Jack A. , Coull Nicole A. , Bradley Christopher R. , Rowlands Alex , Naim Iyad , Ennequin Gaël , Yates Thomas , Waheed Ghazala , Gowland Penny , Stensel David J. , Webb David R. , Davies Melanie J. , Aithal Guruprasad P. , King James A. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractAimsTo examine the impact of impaired glycaemic regulation (IGR) and exercise training on hepatic lipid composition in men with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).Materials and MethodsIn Part A (cross‐sectional design), 40 men with MASLD (liver proton density fat fraction [PDFF] ≥5.56%) were recruited to one of two groups: (1) normal glycaemic regulation (NGR) group (glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c] < 42 mmol∙mol−1 [<6.0%]; n = 14) or (2) IGR group (HbA1c ≥ 42 mmol∙mol−1 [≥6.0%]; n = 26). In Part B (randomized controlled trial design), participants in the IGR group were randomized to one of two 6‐week interventions: (1) exercise training (EX; 70%–75% maximum heart rate; four sessions/week; n = 13) or (2) non‐exercise control (CON; n = 13). Saturated (SI; primary outcome), unsaturated (UI) and polyunsaturated (PUI) hepatic lipid indices were determined using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Additional secondary outcomes included liver PDFF, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR), peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), and plasma cytokeratin‐18 (CK18) M65, among others.ResultsIn Part A, hepatic SI was higher and hepatic UI was lower in the IGR versus the NGR group (p = 0.038), and this hepatic lipid profile was associated with higher HbA1c levels, FPG levels, HOMA‐IR and plasma CK18 M65 levels (rs ≥0.320). In Part B, hepatic lipid composition and liver PDFF were unchanged after EX versus CON (p ≥ 0.257), while FPG was reduced and VO2 peak was increased (p ≤ 0.030). ΔVO2 peak was inversely associated with Δhepatic SI (r = −0.433) and positively associated with Δhepatic UI and Δhepatic PUI (r ≥ 0.433).ConclusionsImpaired glycaemic regulation in MASLD is characterized by greater hepatic lipid saturation; however, this composition is not altered by 6 weeks of moderate‐intensity exercise training.
Clinicopathological concordance of mucocutaneous manifestations in people living with HIV: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zajdman‐Faitelson Dalit , Cárdenas‐Hernández Miren Lorea , Guzmán‐Bucio Simón , Camiro‐Zuñiga Antonio , Vega Memije Maria Elisa 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the frequency and clinicopathological concordance of mucocutaneous manifestations in people living with HIV (PLWH) and its correlation with CD4+ T lymphocyte count and HIV viral load.MethodsCross‐sectional study of patients diagnosed with HIV infection who underwent skin biopsy for histopathological study from 1992 to 2022. Skin diseases were categorized as opportunistic and sexually transmitted infections, inflammatory dermatoses, benign cutaneous neoplasms, and premalignant and malignant cutaneous neoplasms. Clinicopathological concordance was classified as complete, partial or discordant. Frequency of skin diseases are presented by category and according to lymphocyte CD4+ count and HIV viral load.ResultsA total of 659 patients were included of whom 88.5% (n = 583) were male. The most frequent diagnostic category was opportunistic or sexually transmitted infections in 34% (n = 224) and the most frequently found condition was Kaposi sarcoma in 17% (n = 112). Clinicopathological concordance was complete in 53.7% (n = 354) of cases, partial in 26.7% (n = 176) and discordant in 19.6% (n = 129). Among the 282 patients with available serological data, 58.9% (n = 166), 23.8% (n = 67) and 17.4% (n = 49) had CD4+ counts below 200, between 200 and 499, and above 500 cells/μl, respectively.ConclusionsAlthough there is a high variability in skin conditions which people with HIV may present, there was a high rate of clinicopathological concordance (80.4%). We emphasize the importance of diagnostic skin biopsies due to their diverse morphological presentation. The frequency of skin diseases in PLWH depending on different clinical settings should aid the clinician in reaching an adequate diagnosis in this population.
Study on botulinum toxin in dermatology from 2000 to 2023: A CiteSpace‐based bibliometric analyses
Authors: Zhou Ziwenyan , Huang Fujun , Chen Jin 
Published: July 2024

AbstractObjectiveUsing bibliometric methods, this study analyzed and summarized the current situation and development of the global application of botulinum toxin in dermatology.MethodsLiterature published in the Web of Science Core Collection database from January 1, 2000 to October 28, 2023 was searched for topics such as “Botulinum toxin,” “Dermatology,” and so forth. The number of publications, countries, institutions, journals, authors, cited literature, keywords, and so forth, were analyzed and a visual knowledge map was created using scientometric tools such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Scimago Graphica.ResultsA total of 2039 documents were retrieved and 1877 documents were included after de‐duplication and transformation. The country with the highest number of published periodical articles was the United States; the main research institution was Yonsei University; the author with the highest number of published periodical articles was Kim, Hee Jin; and the high‐frequency keywords mainly related to indications, combination therapy, and safety optimization.ConclusionThe results of this study provide information on the current status and trends in clinical studies of botulinum toxin in dermatology, which will help researchers identify hotspots and explore new research directions in this field.
Melatonin Protects Against Colistin‐Induced Intestinal Inflammation and Microbiota Dysbiosis
Authors: Jia Yuqian , Zhang Tingting , He Mengping , Yang Bingqing , Wang Zhiqiang , Liu Yuan 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTColistin is renowned as a last‐resort antibiotic due to the emergence of multidrug‐resistant pathogens. However, its potential toxicity significantly hampers its clinical utilization. Melatonin, chemically known as N‐acetyl‐5‐hydroxytryptamine, is an endogenous hormone produced by the pineal gland and possesses diverse biological functions. However, the protective role of melatonin in alleviating antibiotic‐induced intestinal inflammation remains unknown. Herein, we reveal that colistin stimulation markedly elevates intestinal inflammatory levels and compromises the gut barrier. In contrast, pretreatment with melatonin safeguards mice against intestinal inflammation and mucosal damage. Microbial diversity analysis indicates that melatonin supplementation prevents a reduction in the abundance of Erysipelotrichales and Bifidobacteriales, as well as an increase in Desulfovibrionales abundance, following colistin exposure. Remarkably, short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analysis shows that propanoic acid contributes to the protective effect of melatonin on colistin‐induced intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, the protection effects of melatonin and propanoic acid on LPS‐induced cellular inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells are confirmed. Mechanistic investigations suggest that intervention with melatonin and propanoic acid can repress the activation of the TLR4 signal and its downstream NF‐κB and MAPK signaling pathways, thereby mitigating the toxic effects of colistin. Our work highlights the unappreciated role of melatonin in preventing the potential detrimental effects of colistin on intestinal health and suggests a combined therapeutic strategy to effectively manage intestinal infectious diseases.
The public's perception of the nursing profession: Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the nursing image scale in Taiwan
Authors: Hu Shui‐Tao , Chou Pei‐Chun , Wu Li‐Min , Feng Jui‐Ying , Yeh Tzu‐Pei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe public's perception of the nursing image deeply influences nurses' work and professional development. However, the Taiwanese public's perception of nursing remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of a Chinese version of the Nursing Image Scale (NIS) in Taiwan. This was a psychometric study using a cross‐sectional survey. Participants were recruited via the snowball sampling method through the online community software LINE from August 1 to 13, 2019. After data collection, the construction and validation of the NIS to measure public opinion were assessed, including content validity, corrected item‐total correlation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and reliability. A total of 1331 valid responses were included in the analysis. After EFA analysis, the 20 scale items were divided across the four domains of prudence and care, innovation and cooperation, efficiency and division, and professionalism and respect. The NIS (Chinese version) was valid and reliable for measuring public opinion and may be used to examine changes in public perceptions of nursing.
The dental management of patients with Brugada syndrome: A case series
Authors: Ahmed Zunera , Dungarwalla Mohammed , Jones Judith 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBrugada syndrome is an inherited cardiovascular disorder, which can affect the rhythm of the heart. Dental treatment can often present as an obstacle for patients with Brugada syndrome as the use of local anaesthetic can have adverse effects on the electrical conduction system of the heart.AimThe aim of this series is to discuss the aetiopathogenesis, presentation and management of Brugada syndrome and its relevance to dentistry and the dental team.MethodsThe authors present a series of three Brugada syndrome patients who underwent dental intervention in a hospital setting.Results and ConclusionThe series highlighted the importance of multidisciplinary care for patients with Brugada syndrome. Liaising with other teams, such as cariologists and GMPs, allows a patient centred approach and better understanding of patient management.
Perioperative management in pediatric domino liver transplantation for metabolic disorders: A narrative review
Authors: Uslu Ahmed , Çekmen Nedim , Torgay Adnan , Haberal Mehmet 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDomino liver transplantation and domino‐auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation are emerging techniques that can expand the liver donor pool and provide hope for children with liver disease. The innovative technique of domino liver transplantation has emerged as a pioneering strategy, capitalizing on structurally preserved livers from donors exhibiting single enzymatic defects within a morphologically normal context, effectively broadening the donor pool. Concurrently, the increasingly prevalent domino‐auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation method assumes a critical role in bolstering available donor resources. These advanced transplantation methods present a unique opportunity for pediatric patients who, despite having structurally and functionally intact livers and lacking early signs of portal hypertension or extrahepatic involvement, do not attain priority on conventional transplant lists. Utilizing optimal clinical conditions enhances posttransplant outcomes, benefiting patients who would otherwise endure extended waiting periods for traditional transplantation. The perioperative management of children undergoing these procedures is complex and requires careful consideration of some factors, including clinical and metabolic conditions of the specific metabolic disorder, and the need for tailored perioperative management planning. Furthermore, the prudent consideration of de novo disease development in the recipient assumes paramount significance when selecting suitable donors for domino liver transplantation, as it profoundly influences prognosis, mortality, and morbidity. This narrative review of domino liver transplantation will discuss the pathophysiology, clinical evaluation, perioperative management, and prognostic expectations, focusing on perioperative anesthetic considerations for children undergoing domino liver transplantation.
Root surface biomodification in periodontal therapy: Biological rationale and clinical applications
Authors: Saleh Muhammad H. A. , Dias Debora R. , Ravida Andrea , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: July 2024

AbstractRegenerative periodontal therapy aims to form new cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone, all sealed by gingival tissue. The root surface acts as the wound margin during this regeneration process. Root surface biomodification (root conditioning/root decontamination), therefore, seems instrumental in promoting surface decontamination and enhancing tissue attachment by removing the smear layer, exposing collagen fibrils, and facilitating blood clot formation and stabilization. This review attempted to provide an all‐encompassing, evidence‐based assessment of the role of root surface biomodification in regenerative periodontal therapy, particularly in intrabony defects, furcation defects, and root coverage procedures. The reviewed evidence suggested that root conditioning agents, whether used independently or in conjunction with bone graft materials, biological agents, membranes, or connective tissue grafts, do not offer any clinical advantage regarding clinical attachment gain. Thus, integrating chemical methods with the mechanical root instrumentation process does not necessarily contribute to superior clinical outcomes.
How do I implement pathogen reduced Cryoprecipitated fibrinogen complex in a tertiary Hospital's blood Bank
Authors: Aidikoff Jennifer , Trivedi Dhaval , Kwock Richard , Shafi Hedyeh 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundKaiser‐Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center (LAMC) is a 560 licensed bed facility that provides regional cardiovascular services, including 1200 open heart surgeries annually. In 2021, LAMC explored alternative therapies to offset the impact of pandemic‐driven cryo AHF shortages, and implemented Pathogen Reduced Cryoprecipitated Fibrinogen Complex (also known as INTERCEPT Fibrinogen Complex or IFC). IFC is approved to treat and control bleeding associated with fibrinogen deficiency. Unlike cryo AHF, IFC has 5‐day post‐thaw shelf life with potential operational and clinical benefits. The implementation steps and the operational advantages to the LAMC Blood Bank are described.Study Design and MethodsEighteen months post‐implementation, the institution reviewed their product implementation experience and compared IFC with cryo AHF with a retrospective review of transfusion service and cardiac post‐op data.ResultsIFC significantly decreased product wastage rates and order‐to‐issue time. It did not significantly impact post‐op product utilization or hospital length of stay (LOS) in cardiac surgery patients when compared with cryo AHF.DiscussionImplementation of IFC provides improved product supply stability, shorter turnaround times, and reduced wastage.
Anisotropy and Mechanical Characteristics of Ultra-High Performance Concrete and Its Interpenetrating Phase Composite With Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Architectures
Authors: Le Ba-Anh , Tran Bao-Viet , Vu Thai-Son , Nguyen Quoc-Bao , Nguyen Hoang-Quan , Chateau Xavier 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This work numerically explores the anisotropy, impact phase wave propagation, buckling resistance, and natural vibration of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) and UHPC-steel interpenetrating phase composite (IPC) with triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMSs), including sheet and solid gyroid, primitive, diamond, and the Schoen I-graph-wrapped package (I-WP). The experiment is conducted to verify the accuracy of the numerical model in terms of Young's modulus of polylactic acid (PLA)-based TPMS lattices and PLA-cement IPCs with TPMS cores, with the highest percent difference of 15% found for IPCs and 17% found for lattice. The results indicate that UHPC material with sheet gyroid exhibits the least extreme anisotropy in response to the varying orientation among other lattices regardless of the change of solid density, making it the ideal candidate for construction materials. Interestingly, compared to UHPC-based TPMS lattice, IPCs possess a much smaller anisotropy and exhibit almost isotropy regardless the variation of solid density and TPMS topology, offering a free selection of TPMS type to fabricate IPCs without much care of anisotropy. The phase wave velocity and buckling resistance of UHPC- and IPC-based beams with TPMSs nonlinearly decrease with a drop of TPMS solid density, but it is the almost linear pattern for the case of natural vibration frequency. UHPC material and IPC with sheet gyroid lattice are found to possess the lowest phase wave velocity and exhibit the least anisotropy of wave propagation, showing it as an ideal candidate for UHPC material to suppress the destructive energy induced by the external impact.
Topology Optimization of Hard-Magnetic Soft Phononic Structures for Wide Magnetically Tunable Band Gaps
Authors: Alam Zeeshan , Sharma Atul Kumar 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Hard-magnetic soft materials, which exhibit finite deformation under magnetic loading, have emerged as a promising class of soft active materials for the development of phononic structures with tunable elastic wave band gap characteristics. In this paper, we present a gradient-based topology optimization framework for designing the hard-magnetic soft materials-based two-phase phononic structures with wide and magnetically tunable anti-plane shear wave band gaps. The incompressible Gent hyperelastic material model, along with the ideal hard-magnetic soft material model, is used to characterize the constitutive behavior of the hard-magnetic soft phononic structure phases. To extract the dispersion curves, an in-house finite element model in conjunction with Bloch’s theorem is employed. The method of moving asymptotes is used to iteratively update the design variables and obtain the optimal distribution of the hard-magnetic soft phases within the phononic structure unit cell. Analytical sensitivity analysis is performed to evaluate the gradient of the band gap maximization function with respect to each one of the design variables. Numerical results show that the optimized phononic structures exhibit a wide band gap width in comparison to a standard hard-magnetic soft phononic structure with a central circular inclusion, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed numerical framework. The numerical framework presented in this study, along with the derived conclusions, can serve as a valuable guide for the design and development of futuristic tunable wave manipulators.