bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Basal cell adenocarcinoma of the major salivary glands: A population‐level study of 509 cases
Authors: Zhan Kevin Y. , Lentsch Eric J. 
Published: October 2015

Objectives/HypothesisWe sought to better characterize patient, tumor, and long‐term survival characteristics of basal cell adenocarcinoma (BCAC) of the major salivary glands with the National Cancer Database (NCDB).Study DesignRetrospective database review of the NCDB (1998–2012).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the NCDB for all cases of major salivary gland BCAC with histologic code 8147/3. Relevant demographic, tumor, and survival variables were extracted and analyzed. COX multivariate regression was performed to identify prognosticators.ResultsOut of 36,224 major salivary gland cancers in the NCDB, we found 509 cases of BCAC (1.4%), 88% of which were in the parotid glands, 11.2% in the submandibular glands, and 0.8% in the sublingual glands. Age at diagnosis ranged from 18 to 92 years (average 64). No gender preference was found (50.7% male). Most tumors were 2 to 4 cm in size (47.3%). Regional (11.9%) and distant metastasis (1.8%) were uncommon. Overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 79% and 62%, respectively. Although numerous variables were found to significantly impact survival on univariate regression analysis, only age ≥ 65 (hazard ratio [HR] 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56–4.19; P < 0.001) and high primary tumor (T)‐stage (HR 1.85; 95% CI, 1.16–2.95; P = 0.010) remained significant prognosticators in our multivariate model. For high T‐stage disease, surgery with radiation had significantly better survival than surgery alone.ConclusionBasal cell adenocarcinoma is a rare salivary malignancy with a good prognosis. Regional and distant metastasis were uncommon. Radiation with surgery may help for higher T‐stage disease. Old age and high T‐stage were significant predictors of worse survival.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 126:1086–1090, 2016
A self‐gating method for time‐resolved imaging of nonuniform motion
Authors: Wundrak Stefan , Paul Jan , Ulrici Johannes , Hell Erich , Geibel Margrit‐Ann , Bernhardt Peter , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Rasche Volker 
Published: October 2015

PurposeTo develop a self‐gating method capable of assessing nonuniform motion, e.g., in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging of patients with severe arrhythmia, or for imaging of the temporomandibular joint.MethodsThe proposed method allows cyclic motion trajectories with a nonuniform pace by replacing the one‐dimensional gating signal of conventional image‐based self‐gating with a two‐dimensional gating matrix. The resulting image quality is compared with conventional self‐gating and real‐time MRI.ResultsNonuniform self‐gating resulted in superior image quality compared with conventional self‐gating and the feasibility study showed significantly improved image sharpness (P < 0.01). Further, improvements in image quality were shown compared with golden angle radial parallel sparse MRI.ConclusionA new self‐gating method was proposed that allows cardiovascular magnetic resonance of arrhythmic patients, which is a common problem in clinical practice. Further, the proposed method enables self‐gated imaging of the temporomandibular joint. Magn Reson Med 76:919–925, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pragmatism and integrated knowledge translation: exploring the compatabilities and tensions
Authors: Nowell Lorelli 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAimThis paper presents a discussion of the role of the philosophy of pragmatism in the integrated knowledge translation approach to research.DesignCritical inquiry is used to discuss bringing pragmatic philosophy and the integrated knowledge translation approach to research together to advance nursing knowledge.MethodsThis paper draws from the literature written on the philosophy of pragmatism and from the current literature on knowledge translation. The possibilities, tensions and limitations for underpinning an integrated knowledge translation research approach with pragmatic philosophy are discussed while highlighting the implications this has for creating knowledge aimed at advancing the practice of nursing.ResultsThe implications for how nursing knowledge is created in using an integrated knowledge translation approach that is underpinned by pragmatic philosophy are important. Creating nursing knowledge that address the complex problems found in nursing practice is needed. In acknowledging the inseparability of knowledge and practice, researchers, practitioners, policy makers and the public can come together to co‐create knowledge that is useful for the practice of nursing. It is these implications of underpinning an integrated knowledge translation research approach with pragmatic philosophy that are significant in creating nursing knowledge that advances the practice of nursing.
Parental Leave Legislation and Women's Work: A Story of Unequal Opportunities
Authors: Kerr Sari Pekkala 
Published: October 2015

AbstractU.S. federal and state family leave legislation requires employers to provide job‐protected parental leave for new mothers covered under the legislation. In most cases the leave is unpaid, and rarely longer than 12 weeks in duration. This study evaluates disparities in parental leave eligibility, access, and usage across the family income distribution in the United States. It also describes the links between leave‐taking and women's labor market careers. The focus is especially on low‐income families, as their leave coverage and ability to afford taking unpaid leave is particularly poor. This study shows that the introduction of both state and federal legislation increased overall leave coverage, leave provision, and leave‐taking. For example, the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) leads to an increased probability of leave‐taking by nearly 20 percentage points and increased average leave length by almost five weeks across all states. The new policies did not, however, reduce gaps between low‐ and high‐income families’ eligibility, leave‐taking, or leave length. In addition, the FMLA effects on leave‐taking were very similar across states with and without prior leave legislation, and the FMLA did not disproportionately increase leave‐taking for women who worked in firms and jobs covered by the new legislation, as these women were already relatively well covered by other parental leave arrangements.
The Influence of Homebuyer Education on Default and Foreclosure Risk: A Natural Experiment
Authors: Brown Scott R. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe recent housing crisis has generated debate over the benefits and risks of policies and programs promoting homeownership for low and moderate income households. One important facet of this conversation is whether prepurchase homebuyer education (HBE) is effective in reducing default or foreclosure risk. Studies to date have primarily focused on default risk and have faced challenges in accounting for borrower selection into HBE. This study analyzes the outcomes of a natural experiment in the provision of a classroom‐based HBE program during the start‐up phase of a down payment assistance loan program at Tennessee's state housing finance agency in 2002. A competing risks analysis of monthly payment data from 2002 to 2009 for 732 mortgages indicates that, after controlling for borrower, mortgage, and economic factors, HBE did not reduce default risk, but was associated with 42 percent lower odds of foreclosure. Among borrowers who defaulted, HBE was associated with an increased probability of curing a first default and of avoiding foreclosure post‐default. Policymakers should consider the timing and intensity of HBE programs needed to influence default risk and how HBE may promote sustainable homeownership by influencing borrowers’ help‐seeking behavior and strategies for resolving defaults.
THE TYPICAL STRUCTURE OF MAXIMAL TRIANGLE-FREE GRAPHS
Authors: BALOGH JÓZSEF , LIU HONG , PETŘÍČKOVÁ ŠÁRKA , SHARIFZADEH MARYAM 
Published: October 2015

Recently, settling a question of Erdős, Balogh, and Petříčková showed that there are at most $2^{n^{2}/8+o(n^{2})}$$n$-vertex maximal triangle-free graphs, matching the previously known lower bound. Here, we characterize the typical structure of maximal triangle-free graphs. We show that almost every maximal triangle-free graph $G$ admits a vertex partition $X\cup Y$ such that $G[X]$ is a perfect matching and $Y$ is an independent set.Our proof uses the Ruzsa–Szemerédi removal lemma, the Erdős–Simonovits stability theorem, and recent results of Balogh, Morris, and Samotij and Saxton and Thomason on characterization of the structure of independent sets in hypergraphs. The proof also relies on a new bound on the number of maximal independent sets in triangle-free graphs with many vertex-disjoint $P_{3}$s, which is of independent interest.
Effects of frontal and plan solidities on aerodynamic parameters and the roughness sublayer in turbulent boundary layers
Authors: Placidi M. , Ganapathisubramani B. 
Published: October 2015

Experiments were conducted in the fully rough regime on surfaces with large relative roughness height ($h/{\it\delta}\approx 0.1$, where $h$ is the roughness height and ${\it\delta}$ is the boundary layer thickness). The surfaces were generated by distributed LEGO® bricks of uniform height, arranged in different configurations. Measurements were made with both floating-element drag balance and high-resolution particle image velocimetry on six configurations with different frontal solidities, ${\it\lambda}_{F}$, at fixed plan solidity, ${\it\lambda}_{P}$, and vice versa, for a total of twelve rough-wall cases. The results indicated that the drag reaches a peak value ${\it\lambda}_{F}\approx 0.21$ for a constant ${\it\lambda}_{P}=0.27$, while it monotonically decreases for increasing values of ${\it\lambda}_{P}$ for a fixed ${\it\lambda}_{F}=0.15$. This is in contrast to previous studies in the literature based on cube roughness which show a peak in drag for both ${\it\lambda}_{F}$ and ${\it\lambda}_{P}$ variations. The influence of surface morphology on the depth of the roughness sublayer (RSL) was also investigated. Its depth was found to be inversely proportional to the roughness length, $y_{0}$. A decrease in $y_{0}$ was usually accompanied by a thickening of the RSL and vice versa. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis was also employed. The shapes of the most energetic modes calculated using the data across the entire boundary layer were found to be self-similar across the twelve rough-wall cases. However, when the analysis was restricted to the roughness sublayer, differences that depended on the wall morphology were apparent. Moreover, the energy content of the POD modes within the RSL suggested that the effect of increased frontal solidity was to redistribute the energy towards the larger scales (i.e. a larger portion of the energy was within the first few modes), while the opposite was found for variation of plan solidity.
Pro-inflammatory dietary intake as a risk factor for CVD in men: a 5-year longitudinal study
Authors: O’Neil Adrienne , Shivappa Nitin , Jacka Felice N. , Kotowicz Mark A. , Kibbey Katherine , Hebert James R. , Pasco Julie A. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractConvincing evidence has identified inflammation as an initiator of atherosclerosis, underpinning CVD. We investigated (i) whether dietary inflammation, as measured by the ‘dietary inflammatory index (DII)’, was predictive of 5-year CVD in men and (ii) its predictive ability compared with that of SFA intake alone. The sample consisted of 1363 men enrolled in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study who completed an FFQ at baseline (2001–2006) (excluding participants who were identified as having previous CVD). DII scores were computed from participants’ reported intakes of carbohydrate, micronutrients and glycaemic load. DII scores were dichotomised into a pro-inflammatory diet (positive values) or an anti-inflammatory diet (negative values). The primary outcome was a formal diagnosis of CVD resulting in hospitalisation over the 5-year study period. In total, seventy-six events were observed during the 5-year follow-up period. Men with a pro-inflammatory diet at baseline were twice as likely to experience a CVD event over the study period (OR 2·07; 95 % CI 1·20, 3·55). This association held following adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors and total energy intake (adjusted OR 2·00; 95 % CI 1·03, 3·96). This effect appeared to be stronger with the inclusion of an age-by-DII score interaction. In contrast, SFA intake alone did not predict 5-year CVD events after adjustment for covariates (adjusted OR 1·40; 95 % CI 0·73, 2·70). We conclude that an association exists between a pro-inflammatory diet and CVD in Australian men. CVD clinical guidelines and public health recommendations may have to expand to include dietary patterns in the context of vascular inflammation.
Do descriptive norms related to parents and friends predict fruit and vegetable intake similarly among 11-year-old girls and boys?
Authors: Lehto Elviira , Ray Carola , Haukkala Ari , Yngve Agneta , Thorsdottir Inga , Roos Eva 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe examined whether there are sex differences in children’s fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and in descriptive norms (i.e. perceived FV intake) related to parents and friends. We also studied whether friends’ impact is as important as that of parents on children’s FV intake. Data from the PRO GREENS project in Finland were obtained from 424 children at the age 11 years at baseline. At baseline, 2009 children filled in a questionnaire about descriptive norms conceptualised as perceived FV intake of their parents and friends. They also filled in a validated FFQ that assessed their FV intake both at baseline and in the follow-up in 2010. The associations were examined with multi-level regression analyses with multi-group comparisons. Girls reported higher perceived FV intake of friends and higher own fruit intake at baseline, compared with boys, and higher vegetable intake both at baseline and in the follow-up. Perceived FV intake of parents and friends was positively associated with both girls’ and boys’ FV intake in both study years. The impact of perceived fruit intake of the mother was stronger among boys. The change in children’s FV intake was affected only by perceived FV intake of father and friends. No large sex differences in descriptive norms were found, but the impact of friends on children’s FV intake can generally be considered as important as that of parents. Future interventions could benefit from taking into account friends’ impact as role models on children’s FV intake.
Association between fried food consumption and hypertension in Korean adults
Authors: Kang Yunjin , Kim Jihye 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe present study explored the relationships between fried food consumption and metabolic risk factors and hypertension in Korean adults. The study was based on the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2010 and 2011. A total of 9221 Korean adults aged ≥19 years were studied. Fried food consumption was assessed using a validated FFQ. Metabolic risk factors such as waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), TAG, HDL-cholesterol and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were measured. Hypertension was defined as SBP≥140 mmHg, DBP≥90 mmHg or current use of antihypertensive medication. Adjusted OR for elevated blood pressure significantly increased in men (OR 1·62; 95 % CI 1·11, 2·37;Ptrend=0·0447) and women (OR 2·20; 95 % CI 1·21, 4·00;Ptrend=0·0403) with a greater than twice a week consumption of fried food compared with those who rarely consumed fried food. However, fried food consumption was not associated with other metabolic risk factors (abdominal obesity, high FPG, hypertriacylglycerolaemia, low HDL-cholesterol and the metabolic syndrome). The adjusted OR for hypertension increased by 2·4-fold in women (OR 2·37; 95 % CI 1·19, 4·72;Ptrend=0·0272) with a greater than twice a week fried food consumption compared with those who rarely consumed it. No significant association was found between fried food consumption and hypertension in men. This study suggests that frequent fried food consumption is associated with hypertension in Korean women. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of different types of fried foods on hypertension.
Discrimination of the effects on zebrafish reproduction from pollutants in drinking water via female, via male and/or via fecundation water
Authors: Martínez-Sales M. , García-Ximénez F. , Espinós F.J. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryThe lack of preventive policy legislation and the low removal rate of organic pollutants in conventional potabilization treatments lead to some of them being present in drinking water. The problem arises because some of these substances have detrimental effects on human reproduction health, via females, via males or even both. In this work, we established the zebrafish as a bioindicator of these types of substances with the goal of discriminating the effects through three different pathways: male, female or water where the fertilization took place.For this purpose, four parameters were analysed: fertility rate, hatching rate and survival and abnormalities rates. So, for each parameter two groups were formed, according to whether adult males or females were reared in bottled spring water (Z) or tap water (B) and if thein vitrofertilization took place in water Z or B.Results revealed a decline in the fertility and hatching rate in water B, due to a water effect. The most plausible explanation could be the presence of substances which affect the micropyle and chorion. Moreover, a decrease in the fertility rate due to an effect over the female was also observed, but in this case by an alteration of the oocyte quality.
Wafer-scale growth of VO2 thin films using a combinatorial approach
Authors: Zhang Hai-Tian , Zhang Lei , Mukherjee Debangshu , Zheng Yuan-Xia , Haislmaier Ryan C. , Alem Nasim , Engel-Herbert Roman 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTransition metal oxides offer functional properties beyond conventional semiconductors. Bridging the gap between the fundamental research frontier in oxide electronics and their realization in commercial devices demands a wafer-scale growth approach for high-quality transition metal oxide thin films. Such a method requires excellent control over the transition metal valence state to avoid performance deterioration, which has been proved challenging. Here we present a scalable growth approach that enables a precise valence state control. By creating an oxygen activity gradient across the wafer, a continuous valence state library is established to directly identify the optimal growth condition. Single-crystalline VO2 thin films have been grown on wafer scale, exhibiting more than four orders of magnitude change in resistivity across the metal-to-insulator transition. It is demonstrated that ‘electronic grade’ transition metal oxide films can be realized on a large scale using a combinatorial growth approach, which can be extended to other multivalent oxide systems.
Loess Plateau storage of Northeastern Tibetan Plateau-derived Yellow River sediment
Authors: Nie Junsheng , Stevens Thomas , Rittner Martin , Stockli Daniel , Garzanti Eduardo , Limonta Mara , Bird Anna , Andò Sergio , Vermeesch Pieter , Saylor Joel , Lu Huayu , Breecker Daniel , Hu Xiaofei , Liu Shanpin , Resentini Alberto , Vezzoli Giovanni , Peng Wenbin , Carter Andrew , Ji Shunchuan , Pan Baotian 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMarine accumulations of terrigenous sediment are widely assumed to accurately record climatic- and tectonic-controlled mountain denudation and play an important role in understanding late Cenozoic mountain uplift and global cooling. Underpinning this is the assumption that the majority of sediment eroded from hinterland orogenic belts is transported to and ultimately stored in marine basins with little lag between erosion and deposition. Here we use a detailed and multi-technique sedimentary provenance dataset from the Yellow River to show that substantial amounts of sediment eroded from Northeast Tibet and carried by the river’s upper reach are stored in the Chinese Loess Plateau and the western Mu Us desert. This finding revises our understanding of the origin of the Chinese Loess Plateau and provides a potential solution for mismatches between late Cenozoic terrestrial sedimentation and marine geochemistry records, as well as between global CO2 and erosion records.
Flexible, highly efficient all-polymer solar cells
Authors: Kim Taesu , Kim Jae-Han , Kang Tae Eui , Lee Changyeon , Kang Hyunbum , Shin Minkwan , Wang Cheng , Ma Biwu , Jeong Unyong , Kim Taek-Soo , Kim Bumjoon J. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAll-polymer solar cells have shown great potential as flexible and portable power generators. These devices should offer good mechanical endurance with high power-conversion efficiency for viability in commercial applications. In this work, we develop highly efficient and mechanically robust all-polymer solar cells that are based on the PBDTTTPD polymer donor and the P(NDI2HD-T) polymer acceptor. These systems exhibit high power-conversion efficiency of 6.64%. Also, the proposed all-polymer solar cells have even better performance than the control polymer-fullerene devices with phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as the electron acceptor (6.12%). More importantly, our all-polymer solar cells exhibit dramatically enhanced strength and flexibility compared with polymer/PCBM devices, with 60- and 470-fold improvements in elongation at break and toughness, respectively. The superior mechanical properties of all-polymer solar cells afford greater tolerance to severe deformations than conventional polymer-fullerene solar cells, making them much better candidates for applications in flexible and portable devices.
ATP synthase subunit-β down-regulation aggravates diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Guan Siao-Syun , Sheu Meei-Ling , Wu Cheng-Tien , Chiang Chih-Kang , Liu Shing-Hwa 
Published: October 2015

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the role of ATP synthase subunit-β (ATP5b) in diabetic nephropathy. Histopathological changes, fibrosis and protein expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and ATP5b were obviously observed in the kidneys of db/db diabetic mice as compared with the control db/m+ mice. The increased ATP5b expression was majorly observed in diabetic renal tubules and was notably observed to locate in cytoplasm of tubule cells, but no significant increase of ATP5b in diabetic glomeruli. AGEs significantly increased protein expression of ATP5b and fibrotic factors and decreased ATP content in cultured renal tubular cells via an AGEs-receptor for AGEs (RAGE) axis pathway. Oxidative stress was also induced in diabetic kidneys and AGEs-treated renal tubular cells. The increase of ATP5b and CTGF protein expression in AGEs-treated renal tubular cells was reversed by antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. ATP5b-siRNA transfection augmented the increased protein expression of α-SMA and CTGF and CTGF promoter activity in AGEs-treated renal tubular cells. The in vivo ATP5b-siRNA delivery significantly enhanced renal fibrosis and serum creatinine in db/db mice with ATP5b down-regulation. These findings suggest that increased ATP5b plays an important adaptive or protective role in decreasing the rate of AGEs-induced renal fibrosis during diabetic condition.