bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A system to simultaneously detect tick-borne pathogens based on the variability of the 16S ribosomal genes
Authors: Melničáková Jana , Derdáková Marketa , Barák Imrich 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
DNA microarrays can be used to quickly and sensitively identify several different pathogens in one step. Our previously developed DNA microarray, based on the detection of variable regions in the 16S rDNA gene (rrs), which are specific for each selected bacterial genus, allowed the concurrent detection of Borrelia spp., Anaplasma spp., Francisella spp., Rickettsia spp. and Coxiella spp.

Methods
In this study, we developed a comprehensive detection system consisting of a second generation DNA microarray and quantitative PCRs. New oligonucleotide capture probes specific for Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. genospecies and Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis were included. This new DNA microarray system required substantial changes in solution composition, hybridization conditions and post-hybridization washes.

Results
This second generation chip displayed high specificity and sensitivity. The specificity of the capture probes was tested by hybridizing the DNA microarrays with Cy5-labeled, PCR-generated amplicons encoding the rrs genes of both target and non-target bacteria. The detection limit was determined to be 103 genome copies, which corresponds to 1–2 pg of DNA. A given sample was evaluated as positive if its mean fluorescence was at least 10% of the mean fluorescence of a positive control. Those samples with fluorescence close to the threshold were further analyzed using quantitative PCRs, developed to identify Francisella spp., Rickettsia spp. and Coxiella spp. Like the DNA microarray, the qPCRs were based on the genus specific variable regions of the rrs gene. No unspecific cross-reactions were detected. The detection limit for Francisella spp. was determined to be only 1 genome copy, for Coxiella spp. 10 copies, and for Rickettsia spp., 100 copies.

Conclusions
Our detection system offers a rapid method for the comprehensive identification of tick-borne bacteria, which is applicable to clinical samples. It can also be used to identify both pathogenic and endosymbiontic bacteria in ticks for eco-epidemiological studies, tick laboratory colony testing, and many other applications.
The long-term ingestion of a diet high in extra virgin olive oil produces obesity and insulin resistance but protects endothelial function in rats: a preliminary study
Authors: Keita Hady , Ramírez-San Juan Eduardo , Paniagua-Castro Norma , Garduño-Siciliano Leticia , Quevedo Lucía 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

Background
It has been hypothesized that fatty acids derived from a diet high in saturated fat may negatively affect endothelial function more significantly than a diet high in unsaturated fat; nevertheless, the effects of the long-term ingestion of monounsaturated fatty acids on endothelial function have been poorly studied.

Methods
To examine the chronic effects of monounsaturated (e.g., extra virgin olive oil (EVOO)) or saturated (e.g., margarine (M)) fatty acid-rich diets on the development of insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction in rats, three groups of rats were fed control, high-EVOO or high-M diets for 20 weeks. Body weight, energy consumption, insulin resistance, lipid peroxidation and in vitro vascular reactivity with and without metformin were assessed during the study period.

Results
Both high-fat diets produced obesity and insulin resistance. EVOO-fed rats showed smaller increases in total cholesterol and arterial lipid peroxidation when compared with M-fed rats. Vascular reactivity to phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside was not modified, but the vasodilating effect of carbachol was especially reduced in the M-fed rats compared with the EVOO-fed or control groups. Metformin addition to the incubation media decreased the vascular response to phenylephrine; decrease that was lower in rats fed with both high fat diets, and increased the carbachol and nitroprusside effects, but the metformin-enhanced response to carbachol was lower in the M group.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that feeding rats with high quantities of EVOO, despite producing obesity and insulin resistance, produces low levels of circulating cholesterol and arterial lipoperoxidation compared to M fed rats and shows a preserved endothelial response to carbachol, effect that is significantly enhanced by metformin only in rats fed with control and EVOO diets.
The influence of temperature on the electrical resistivity of the cellular polypropylene and the effect of activation energy
Authors: Vila Floran , Dhima Pranvera , Mandija Florian 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
In this paper, we determine the surface and volume electrical resistivity of the 50 μm thick cellular polypropylen (VHD50), for the temperature range 393–453 K. For this we use a contemporary methodology, which consist of a voltage measurement across the sample, with a known current flowing through it. This methodology includes a three-electrode system, which allows us to estimate the resistivity of the samples, based on their corresponding total resistances. The electric fields applied for a time interval of 1 min are of the order of 200 kVm
−1. The order of magnitude of surface and volume electrical resistivity is 1013 Ω and 1011 Ωm, respectively. For both types of the resistivity, the temperature dependence is an increasing or decreasing exponential function, depending on the type of the activation energy, (its average value for the temperature range mentioned above is 41,20 kJmol
−1), totally confirmed by the corresponding theoretical interpretation, conditioned by the ionic conduction.
The methodology and equipment used, as well as the satisfying accordance with the results, found out directly or indirectly with the consulted literature, confirm the high accuracy of experimental measurements.
Quantitative assessment of synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using fluorescence optical imaging
Authors: Schäfer Valentin S , Hartung Wolfgang , Hoffstetter Patrick , Berger Jörn , Stroszczynski Christian , Müller Martina , Fleck Martin , Ehrenstein Boris 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Introduction
To prospectively evaluate quantitative assessment of fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) for differentiation of synovitic from non-synovitic joints in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods
FOI of the hands was performed in patients with active RA, and a stratified quantitative fluorescence readout (FLRO) of 3 phases (1-120 s; 121-240 s; 241-360 s) was generated for 5 individual joints of the clinical predominant hand (carpal joint, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of digits II & III). To dissect the effect of the overall perfusion of the hand from the perfusion due to synovitis, a fluorescence ratio (FLRA) was additionally calculated, dividing each FLRO by the readout of the eponychium of digit II. The mean FLRO and FLRA were compared between joints with absent vs. present synovitis determined by clinical examination, grayscale, color Doppler ultrasonography, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Results
The analysis for 90 individual joints from 18 patients yielded FLRO ranging from 4.4 to 49.0 × 103, and FLRAs ranging from 0.37 to 2.27. Overall, the analyses based on the FLRA revealed a higher discrimination than the analyses related to the FLRO, demonstrating most significant differences in phases 2 and 3. A sensitivity of 26/39 (67%) and a specificity of 31/40 (77%) were calculated for FLRA of phase 3 using a cut-off value of more than 1.2 to detect MRI-confirmed synovitis with FOI.

Conclusions
FOI has a potential for visualizing synovitis in subjects with RA. For adequate FOI interpretation, quantitative analysis should be based on the novel FLRA calculated for phases 2 and 3.
If These Walls Could Talk: The Mutual Construction of Organizational Space and Legitimacy
Authors: de Vaujany François-Xavier , Vaast Emmanuelle 
Published: September 2013

Organizational spaces project claims of organizational legitimacy while also constituting physical environments where work happens. This research questions how organizational space and legitimacy are mutually constituted over time as organizations experience shifts in work and institutional demands. Building on a qualitative case study of Paris Dauphine University, a French university founded in the late 1960s that has, since its inception, occupied the former North Atlantic Treaty Organization headquarters, we theorize the dynamic intersection of organizational space and legitimacy over time. The case study demonstrates how spatial practices of appropriation, reappropriation, and disappropriation intersect with and inform what we call “spatial legacies” that function to establish or repair an alignment between organizational space and legitimacy. Spatial practices of appropriation and reappropriation build and manipulate spatial legacies, whereas spatial practices of disappropriation attempt to break away from such legacies. Appropriation and reappropriation involve managing spatial legacies to maintain the alignment between organizational space and legitimacy claims. Disappropriation involves trying to erase or alter these legacies to realign the space to changing legitimacy claims. This research adds to the literature on sociomateriality by adopting a longitudinal perspective that highlights legacies as nondeterministic outcomes of past imbrications of the social and the material, to research on legitimacy by conceptualizing it as a sociomaterial construction, and to research on organizational spaces by revealing the institutional underpinnings of spatial transformations. This research also holds practical implications by highlighting the relationships between space as it is designed and used and an organization’s legitimacy claims and by showing how claiming the immutability or flexibility of a space can be legitimizing for an organization.
Risk Factors and Strategies for Prevention of Medication Errors in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: May Sondra K. , Park Sylvia 
Published: September 2013

Background Patients diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are some of the most complex patients treated in the intensive care unit (ICU). With medication therapy accounting for the majority of treatments they receive, their risk for adverse events due to medication error is increased. Nurses and pharmacists can play a crucial role in improving patient safety in the ICU. Purpose The purpose of this article is to review known risk factors for medication error when caring for patients with SAH and present strategies for consideration by nurses and pharmacists for their prevention. Methods Patient safety literature was reviewed to identify best practice recommendations for reducing adverse drug events related to medication errors in this high-risk population. Results Risk factors specific to the critical care environment, the patient being cared for, and the medications utilized were defined. Strategies for error prevention that include creating a culture of safety, employing a team-based approach to care, utilizing technology, and implementing principles of safe medication practice were outlined. The specific roles of pharmacists and nurses in improving patient safety were reviewed with emphasis on implementation of key safety principles. Conclusion Medication errors in the ICU are frequent, serious, and preventable. When organizations and health care providers appreciate the risk factors for adverse drug events following the diagnosis of SAH, they can work together to improve patient outcomes by creating a culture that identifies, intercepts, and corrects medication errors.
Circulating Fetal Cell-Free DNA Fractions Differ in Autosomal Aneuploidies and Monosomy X
Authors: Rava Richard P , Srinivasan Anupama , Sehnert Amy J , Bianchi Diana W 
Published: September 2013

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Noninvasive prenatal testing based on massively parallel sequencing (MPS) of cell-free DNA in maternal plasma has become rapidly integrated into clinical practice for detecting fetal chromosomal aneuploidy. We directly determined the fetal fraction (FF) from results obtained with MPS tag counting and examined the relationships of FF to such biological parameters as fetal karyotype and maternal demographics.

METHODS
FF was determined from samples previously collected for the MELISSA (Maternal Blood Is Source to Accurately Diagnose Fetal Aneuploidy) study. Samples were resequenced, analyzed blindly, and aligned to the human genome (assembly hg19). FF was calculated in pregnancies with male or aneuploid fetuses by means of an equation that incorporated the ratio of the tags in these samples to those of a euploid training set.

RESULTS
The mean (SD) FF from euploid male pregnancies was 0.126 (0.052) (n = 160). Weak but statistically significant correlations were found between FF and the maternal body mass index (r2 = 0.18; P = 2.3 × 10−8) and between FF and gestational age (r2 = 0.02; P = 0.047). No relationship with maternal ethnicity or age was observed. Mean FF values for trisomies 21 (n = 90), 18 (n = 38), and 13 (n = 16) and for monosomy X (n = 20) were 0.135 (0.051), 0.089 (0.039), 0.090 (0.062), and 0.106 (0.045), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
MPS tag-count data can be used to determine FF directly and accurately. Compared with male euploid fetuses, the FF is higher in maternal plasma when the fetus has trisomy 21 and is lower when the fetus has trisomy 18, 13, or monosomy X. The different biologies of these aneuploidies have practical implications for the determination of cutoff values, which in turn will affect the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the test.
45th Antalya Golden Orange and 4th International Eurasia Film Festivals (Oct. 10-20, 2008)
Authors: Dönmez-Colin Gönül 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The winning actresses of the last year decorating its hefty catalogues, the national Golden Orange and the International Eurasia Film Festivals of Antalya on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey kicked off with a rich and rewarding program. On the home turf, it was an exciting year that showcased new styles from old masters, stylistic works of the representatives of the "new Turkish cinema," as well as daring and not so daring first attempts. Erden K1ral, who was instrumental in introducing Turkish cinema to the Western world in the 1980s, with remarkable social realist films such as Bereketli Topraklar Üzerinde / On Fertile Lands (1979) and Hakkari'de Bir Mevsim / A Season in Hakkari (1983), tried his hand in a fantasy melodrama called Vicdan / Conscience that started as a social commentary about women working in a brick factory but swiftly moved on to a love triangle resulting in murder with a dose of lesbianism thrown in.
Animation and narrative in videogames: A case study – Looney Tunes: Acme Arsenal
Authors: Velikovsky J. T. 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This article explains the story behind and some of the creative processes involved in game designing and writing the million-seller PlayStation2, Wii and XBox360 videogame Looney Tunes: Acme Arsenal (Warner Bros, 2007) with a focus on the animation influences on the game narrative, as derived from classic Warner Bros Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cel-animated shorts cartoons from the 1930’s to 1950’s.
The ecological approach to visual perception and the actor performance captured in the gaming landscape
Authors: Delbridge Matt 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The use of Performance Capture techniques in the creation of games that involve Motion Capture is a relatively new phenomenon. To date, there is no prescribed methodology that prepares actors for the rigours of this new industry and as such there are many questions to be answered around how actors navigate these environments successfully when all available training and theoretical material is focused on performance for theatre and film. This article proposes that through a deployment of an ecological approach to visual perception we may begin to chart this territory for actors and begin to contend with the demands of performing for the motion captured gaming scenario.
A new system for stop motion camera movements
Authors: Saini Laura , Albrecht Gudrun , Lissarrague Nicolas , Romani Lucia 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This article presents a new system that allows the creation of realistic camera movements for a stop motion animation. The system improves traditional 3D software animation programs (e.g. Maya and 3D Studio Max) for creating stop motion camera movements by using a haptic interface. We describe the whole system and explain in detail the mathematical processing to obtain different camera movements by using a haptic interface for motion capture. The recorded haptic positions, once elaborated, are exported, frame by frame, to the motion control software, which calibrates the motion control robot, controls the camera settings and, finally, executes the sequences. A class of students of the ‘Art plastiques et Création numérique’ Master of the University of Valenciennes evaluated the system.
Visual writing: Thicken time, transform and dissolve text
Authors: Ashworth Joan 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This article maps the development of visual writing as a fusion of creative writing, script writing and story visualization to assist in the process of translating thought into animated moving images and sound. The article is based on two keynote lectures I have given in Taipai, Taiwan at the Fermentation in Design conference, December 2011, Shih Chien University and at the CICAF Education Forum, Hangzhou, China 2012 and draws together findings and observations so far. The article describes workshops and ideas on visual writing developed in the Animation Programme at the Royal College of Art with the writing expertise of Booker nominated Deborah Levy and writer/illustrator/musician Peter Blegvad. The paper draws on the work of a number of artists and film-makers who naturally use these processes in their practice. Artists included are William Kentridge, Grayson Perry, Michaela Pavlatova and Jan Svankmajer.
Joe Sarno and historiography: Some thoughts on The Sarnos: A Life in Dirty Movies
Authors: Larsson Mariah 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The recent Swedish documentary The Sarnos: A Life in Dirty Movies (Eriksson, 2013) evokes questions about historiography and nationality. This article discusses the documentary’s focus on Joe Sarno’s reluctance to do hardcore, on his wife, Peggy, as well as the couple’s relationship to Sweden.
Rural intentions: Sexuality in Danish homeland cinema
Authors: Hartvigson Niels Henrik 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
This article focuses on the central importance of issues of sexuality, gender and the body in Danish homeland cinema. It demonstrates how the characters’ physical and emotional bond with the land and the livestock has a significant physical component which, considered in connection with a libidinal crisis of the films’ young couples, may be taken to harbour a sexual potential. Many of the films illustrate crises of procreative heterosexuality that threaten the rural heritage. The article posits marked sexual overtones in the aesthetic interdependence of virtue and villainy and the way moral encounters are staged. Sexually aggressive characters who threaten a passive couple may function as necessary sexual activators. Likewise, natural forces that provoke intense physical and emotional reactions are examined for their sexual associations. Apart from dangerous forces and characters, homeland cinema features many positively portrayed queer characters and relationships, which include male homoerotic relationships involving the hero.
Between the two shores of the deep blue sea: Crossing the Baltic on the Scandinavian screen
Authors: Mrozewicz Anna Estera 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
The article discusses three feature films produced in Denmark and Sweden in the 1990s: Kajs fødselsdag/The Birthday Trip (Scherfig, 1990), Torsk på Tallinn/Screwed in Tallinn (Alfredson, 1999) and You Can’t Eat Fishing (Windfeld, 1999). All of them, applying various genre conventions, take up the subject of encounters between Scandinavians and ‘East Europeans’ from neighbouring countries. The point of departure for the analysis is the notion of the ‘periphery’, understood as a culturally constructed and relative concept. As the analysis demonstrates, the binary centre/periphery relation is challenged in the films through an active reflection on their own cultures. A recurring motif is the critique of the Scandinavian welfare state and its consequences for the individual, which can be perceived as a particularly Scandinavian feature of the films that highlight neighbouring ex-communist countries.
Effect of fiber modification with 3-isopropenyl-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate (TMI) on the mechanical properties and water absorption of hemp-unsaturated polyester (UPE) composites
Authors: Liu Wendi , Chen Tingting , Qiu Renhui 
Published: September 2013

Abstract
Hemp fibers were modified with 3-isopropenyl-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate (TMI), in presence of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBT) as a catalyst. Then reinforced hemp-unsaturated polyester (UPE) composites were prepared with modified fibers by means of hand lay-up compression molding. The fiber treatments significantly increased the tensile strength (TS), flexural strength (FS), and water resistance of the resulting composites, while their flexural modulus (FM) was not influenced. The tensile-fractured surfaces of the composites were observed by SEM and the images revealed that fiber treatments significantly improved the interfacial adhesion between hemp fibers and UPE resins. FT-IR spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that the treated-fibers were partly covalently bound to TMI.
Knowledge and Perceptions of HIV/AIDS among Cameroonian Nursing Students
Authors: Diesel Holly , Ercole Patrick , Taliaferro Donna 
Published: September 2013

AbstractThe HIV/AIDS pandemic impacts people throughout the world and is complicated by fear, prejudice, and stigma. Nurses play a major role in the health care delivery systems, yet in many parts of the world with high HIV sero-prevalence rates, nurses lack sufficient training and education to provide care to patients with HIV/AIDS. In an effort to build capacity and improve knowledge, attitudes and beliefs regarding care of patients with HIV/AIDS, a 4-day workshop was provided by American nursing students for Cameroonian nursing students. The training program included HIV epidemiology, disease management, and natural course of the disease, testing, legal and ethical issues, and infection control practices. Pre- and post-test scores were calculated using a series of surveys that measured HIV-related knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs. Results indicated that these measures of HIV-related perceptions improved due to the train-the-trainer workshop.