bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DFT Study of the Active Site of the XoxF‐Type Natural, Cerium‐Dependent Methanol Dehydrogenase Enzyme
Authors: Bogart Justin A. , Lewis Andrew J. , Schelter Eric J. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractRare‐earth metal cations have recently been demonstrated to be essential co‐factors for the growth of the methanotrophic bacterium Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum SolV. A crystal structure of the rare‐earth‐dependent methanol dehydrogenase (MDH) includes a cerium cation in the active site. Herein, the Ce–MDH active site has been analyzed through DFT calculations. The results show the stability of the CeIII–pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) semiquinone configuration. Calculations on the active oxidized form of this complex indicate a 0.81 eV stabilization of the PQQ0 LUMO at cerium versus calcium, supporting the observation that the cerium cation in the active site confers a competitive advantage to Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum SolV. Using reported aqueous electrochemical data, a semi‐empirical correlation was established based on cerium(IV/III) redox potentials. The correlation allowed estimation of the cerium oxidation potential of +1.35 V versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE) in the active site. The results are expected to guide the design of functional model complexes and alcohol‐oxidation catalysts based on lanthanide complexes of biologically relevant quinones.
(Metallo)porphyrins as Potent Phototoxic Anti‐Cancer Agents after Irradiation with Red Light
Authors: Antoni Philipp M. , Naik Anu , Albert Ina , Rubbiani Riccardo , Gupta Susmita , Ruiz‐Sanchez Pilar , Munikorn Pornkanok , Mateos José M. , Luginbuehl Vera , Thamyongkit Patchanita , Ziegler Urs , Gasser Gilles , Jeschke Gunnar , Spingler Bernhard 
Published: November 2014

AbstractNovel photoactive (metallo)porphyrins were synthesised and characterised. When irradiated with light at a wavelength greater than 600 nm, these porphyrins act as photosensitisers and show high cytotoxicity towards two different human cancer cell lines with IC50 values down to 0.4 μM. A paramagnetic copper(II) porphyrin is the first photosensitiser to display excellent phototoxicity, explained by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping of hydroxy radicals and experimentally confirmed by the discovery of elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside A2780 cells after irradiation with red light. This finding indicates that paramagnetic compounds should be considered for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Furthermore, an additive effect of cisplatin and a zinc porphyrin, both at subtherapeutic concentrations of 0.22 μm, was observed.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Unconventional Aminopyrimidine, Aminopurine, and Amino‐1,3,5‐triazine Methyloxynucleosides
Authors: Fernández‐Cureses Gloria , de Castro Sonia , Jimeno María‐Luisa , Balzarini Jan , Camarasa María‐José 
Published: November 2014

AbstractHerein we describe a class of unconventional nucleosides (methyloxynucleosides) that combine unconventional nucleobases such as substituted aminopyrimidines, aminopurines, or aminotriazines with unusual sugars in their structures. The allitollyl or altritollyl derivatives were pursued as ribonucleoside mimics, whereas the tetrahydrofuran analogues were pursued as their dideoxynucleoside analogues. The compounds showed poor, if any, activity against a broad range of RNA and DNA viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This inactivity may be due to lack of an efficient metabolic conversion into their corresponding 5′‐triphosphates and poor affinity for their target enzymes (DNA/RNA polymerases). Several compounds showed cytostatic activity against proliferating human CD4+ T‐lymphocyte CEM cells and against several other tumor cell lines, including murine leukemia L1210 and human prostate PC3, kidney CAKI‐1, and cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. A few compounds were inhibitory to Moloney murine sarcoma virus (MSV) in C3H/3T3 cell cultures, with the 2,6‐diaminotri‐O‐benzyl‐D‐allitolyl‐ and ‐D‐altritolyl pyrimidine analogues being the most potent among them. This series of unconventional nucleosides may represent a novel family of potential antiproliferative agents.
A Combinatorial Study of Photoelectrochemical Properties of Fe‐W‐O Thin Films
Authors: Sliozberg Kirill , Schäfer Dominik. , Meyer Robert , Ludwig Alfred , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA continuous mixed Fe‐W‐O thin‐films materials library was fabricated by means of reactive co‐sputtering from elemental iron and tungsten targets in argon/oxygen. The materials library was screened for its local photoelectrochemical properties by using an automated optical scanning droplet cell. Local scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) measurements of the materials library were performed to correlate the composition, morphology, and photocurrents. The iron content was varied in the range from Fe32W68Ox to Fe81W19Ox. A strong dependence of the film morphology and the measured photocurrents on the composition was observed with a maximal photocurrent from a measurement area containing 55 at % iron. The most photoactive area showed a porous structure with a high surface area. The bandgap values of these materials were assessed by photocurrent spectroscopy and showed a systematic variation of the bandgap values with the composition.
Emotion‐Focused Family Therapy for Eating Disorders Across the Lifespan: A Pilot Study of a 2‐Day Transdiagnostic Intervention for Parents
Authors: Lafrance Robinson Adèle , Dolhanty Joanne , Stillar Amanda , Henderson Katherine , Mayman Shari 
Published: November 2014

Emotion‐focused family therapy is a transdiagnostic approach that affords parents and caregivers a significant role in their loved one's recovery from an eating disorder. A 2‐day intervention was developed on the basis of emotion‐focused family therapy principles and delivered to 33 parents of adolescent and adult children. Data were collected pre‐ and post‐intervention. Through education and skills practice, parents were taught strategies with respect to meal support and symptom interruption as well as emotion coaching. Parents were also supported to identify and work through their own emotional blocks that could interfere with their supportive efforts. Analyses revealed a significant increase in parental self‐efficacy, a positive shift in parents' attitudes regarding their role as emotion coach and a reduction in the fears associated with their involvement in treatment, including a decrease in self‐blame. Overall, this broad‐based, low‐cost intervention shows promise, and future research is warranted. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

A low‐cost, intensive emotion‐focused family therapy intervention shows promise for parents of individuals with an eating disorder, regardless of their loved one's age, symptom profile or involvement in treatment.
Working with parents' emotions and emotional reactions to their child's struggles has the potential to improve supportive efforts.
An emotion‐focused family therapy intervention for parents yields high satisfaction rates, improves parental self‐efficacy and reduces fears regarding their involvement, including self‐blame.
Energy efficiency and traffic offloading in wireless mesh networks with delay bounds
Authors: Garroppo Rosario G. , Gendron Bernard , Nencioni Gianfranco , Tavanti Luca 
Published: November 2014

SUMMARYIn this paper, we study a wireless access network based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 802.11 standard and enriched with features such as caching and mesh networking. This system is analysed in terms of energy efficiency and traffic offloading, two objectives that are somewhat in contrast but both relevant to network and service providers as they directly impact the operational cost. In addition, QoS is also accounted for in the form of guaranteed bandwidth and bounded delay. To this aim, we developed a mathematical model of the system and solved it to optimality by means of integer linear programming. We can thus show how much can be saved both in terms of energy and traffic, also considering various tradeoff points among the two contrasting objectives. As a last step, we provide an investigation on the benefits of adding traffic aggregation features to the mathematical model. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zebrafish brain mapping—standardized spaces, length scales, and the power of N and n
Authors: Hunter Paul R. , Hendry Aenea C. , Lowe Andrew S. 
Published: November 2014

ABSTRACTMapping anatomical and functional parameters of the zebrafish brain is moving apace. Research communities undertaking such studies are becoming ever larger and more diverse. The unique features, tools, and technologies associated with zebrafish are propelling them as the 21st century model organism for brain mapping. Uniquely positioned as a vertebrate model system, the zebrafish enables imaging of anatomy and function at different length scales from intraneuronal compartments to sparsely distributed whole brain patterns. With a variety of diverse and established statistical modeling and analytic methods available from the wider brain mapping communities, the richness of zebrafish neuroimaging data is being realized. The statistical power of population observations (N) within and across many samples (n) projected onto a standardized space will provide vast databases for data‐driven biological approaches. This article reviews key brain mapping initiatives at different levels of scale that highlight the potential of zebrafish brain mapping. By way of introduction to the next wave of brain mappers, an accessible introduction to the key concepts and caveats associated with neuroimaging are outlined and discussed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 75: 557–568, 2015
Participatory Forest Management: The experience of foreign‐funded programmes in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Ulybina Olga 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis paper studies the experience of foreign‐funded programmes aimed at establishing participatory forest management (PFM), primarily in the walnut‐fruit forests of Kyrgyzstan. Having reviewed programme reports, non‐governmental organization evidence and legislation, we argue that the poor performance of these programmes is due largely to incorrect starting assumptions about the feasibility of PFM in the Kyrgyz context and a lack of analysis about locally appropriate forestry regimes. We show that there have been no significant preconditions for realization of PFM mechanisms in the history of Kyrgyz forestry, and their realization has been hampered by the Soviet legacy, strong informal institutions and poverty. We argue that PFM has been introduced without a clear understanding of how it fits in the overall vision of the country's development. Moreover, PFM is not fit for purpose in Kyrgyzstan, as it does not address the root macro‐economic and environmental causes of existing forestry problems. The capacity of local communities should not be over‐emphasized where cross‐sectoral national or even cross‐border efforts are required. Mutual, joint learning of Western donors with local experts is key, and should not be replaced by automatic adoption of imported concepts. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Heart rate reduction with ivabradine improves left ventricular function and reverses multiple pathological maladaptations in dogs with chronic heart failure
Authors: Sabbah Hani N. , Gupta Ramesh C. , Kohli Smita , Wang Mengjun , Zhang Kefei , Rastogi Sharad 
Published: November 2014

AbstractPurposeWe tested the hypothesis that heart rate (HR) reduction with ivabradine (IVA) leads to reversal of structural, biochemical, and molecular maladaptations characteristic of the heart failure (HF) state. HR reduction with IVA has been shown to improve left ventricular (LV) systolic function and clinical outcome in patients with HF.MethodsStudies were performed in 16 HF dogs produced by intracoronary microembolizations [LV ejection fraction (EF) ~35%]. Dogs were randomized to 3‐month oral therapy with IVA (30 mg Bid, n = 8) or to no therapy (Control, n = 8). LV tissue was obtained from all dogs at the end of therapy and used for molecular, biochemical, and histological studies.ResultsAverage 24‐h ambulatory Holter monitoring showed a significant decrease of HR in IVA‐treated dogs compared with controls. Compared with pre‐therapy, LV EF decreased at 3 months in controls (36 ± 1 vs. 32 ± 2%, P < 0.05) but increased significantly with IVA (40 ± 3 vs. 35 ± 3%, P < 0.05). Treatment with IVA was associated with (i) improved LV diastolic function; (ii) increased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ uptake and ATPase activity; (iii) decreased plasma levels of vasoactive neurohormones, natriuretic peptides, and pro‐inflammatory cytokines; (iv) normalization of messenger RNA gene expression of multiple signalling pathways; and (v) reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and hypertrophy.ConclusionIn dogs with HF, HR reduction with IVA reversed many of the structural, biochemical, and molecular maladaptations characteristic of HF. The findings support the concept that HR reduction in HF can elicit benefits, albeit indirect, on a host of maladaptations implicated in the progressive worsening of the HF state.
MnO2/Graphene Nanocomposites for Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Feng Xiaomiao , Zhang Yu , Song Juan , Chen Ningna , Zhou Jinhua , Huang Zhendong , Ma Yanwen , Zhang Lei , Wang Lianhui 
Published: November 2014

AbstractMnO2/graphene nanocomposites with different morphologies were synthesized and the petal‐shaped nanosheet MnO2/graphene composite was developed as an electrode material for nonenzymatic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor. The morphology, structure, composition, and hydrophilicity of the resulting products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the contact angle tests. In addition, the fabricated MnO2/graphene composites could be used as catalysts for the electrochemical oxidation of H2O2. Cyclic voltammogram (CV) experiments indicated that MnO2/graphene‐modified electrode showed good electrocatalytic activity towards both the oxidation and reduction of H2O2 in a neutral environment. Amperometric response results illustrated that this nonenzymatic sensor had excellent anti‐interference ability and displayed two linear ranges from 10 to 90 µM and from 0.2 to 0.9 mM with a detection limit of 2 µM.
Composite of Coal‐Series Kaolinite and Capric–Lauric Acid as Form‐Stable Phase‐Change Material
Authors: Liu Songyang , Yang Huaming 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA composite phase‐change material (PCM) consisting of a binary organic mixture of capric–lauric acid and coal‐series kaolinite (Kc) as was prepared by vacuum impregnation. Dimethyl sulfoxide was used as intercalation agent to increase the interlayer Kc space, enhancing the storage energy density of the composite PCM. Capric (CA) and lauric (LA) acids were inserted into the interlayers of the Kc intercalation complexes (I‐Kc). The chemical structure and thermal properties of the composite PCM were characterized in detail. The thermal performance of the corresponding cement paste composite PCM panel was also evaluated. The latent heat of the CA–LA/I‐Kc was 42.36 J g−1 at a melting temperature of 16.96 °C at a CA–LA content of 36.93 %. The melting temperature of the composite PCM changed to −0.33 °C and the latent heat storage capacity to 0.22 J g−1 after one month of thermal cycling, which shows the excellent thermal reliability of the composite PCM and potential application for thermal energy storage in energy‐efficient buildings.
Multicontrast connectometry: A new tool to assess cerebellum alterations in early relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Romascano David , Meskaldji Djalel‐Eddine , Bonnier Guillaume , Simioni Samanta , Rotzinger David , Lin Ying‐Chia , Menegaz Gloria , Roche Alexis , Schluep Myriam , Pasquier Renaud Du , Richiardi Jonas , Van De Ville Dimitri , Daducci Alessandro , Sumpf Tilman , Fraham Jens , Thiran Jean‐Philippe , Krueger Gunnar , Granziera Cristina 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBackground: Cerebellar pathology occurs in late multiple sclerosis (MS) but little is known about cerebellar changes during early disease stages. In this study, we propose a new multicontrast “connectometry” approach to assess the structural and functional integrity of cerebellar networks and connectivity in early MS. Methods: We used diffusion spectrum and resting‐state functional MRI (rs‐fMRI) to establish the structural and functional cerebellar connectomes in 28 early relapsing‐remitting MS patients and 16 healthy controls (HC). We performed multicontrast “connectometry” by quantifying multiple MRI parameters along the structural tracts (generalized fractional anisotropy‐GFA, T1/T2 relaxation times and magnetization transfer ratio) and functional connectivity measures. Subsequently, we assessed multivariate differences in local connections and network properties between MS and HC subjects; finally, we correlated detected alterations with lesion load, disease duration, and clinical scores. Results: In MS patients, a subset of structural connections showed quantitative MRI changes suggesting loss of axonal microstructure and integrity (increased T1 and decreased GFA, P < 0.05). These alterations highly correlated with motor, memory and attention in patients, but were independent of cerebellar lesion load and disease duration. Neither network organization nor rs‐fMRI abnormalities were observed at this early stage. Conclusion: Multicontrast cerebellar connectometry revealed subtle cerebellar alterations in MS patients, which were independent of conventional disease markers and highly correlated with patient function. Future work should assess the prognostic value of the observed damage. Hum Brain Mapp 36:1609–1619, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Decision Thresholds and Changes in Risk for Preventive Treatment
Authors: Courbage Christophe , Rey Béatrice 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis paper investigates the notion of treatment threshold for preventive treatment with potential side effects in the context of changes in risk. Changes in risk are defined by the concept of nth‐order stochastic dominance and concern the effectiveness of preventive treatment, side effects, severity of the potential disease, and comorbidity risk. The impact of a riskier environment on the probability of disease threshold above which the preferable decision is to undergo preventive treatment is shown to depend on both mixed risk averse individual preferences and the configuration of increase in risk considered. These results suggest that neglecting differences between risks when evaluating the treatment threshold is likely to lead to substantial errors in most cost‐benefit applications for preventive treatment. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Osteogenic ability of Cu‐bearing stainless steel
Authors: Ren Ling , Wong Hoi Man , Yan Chun Hoi , Yeung Kelvin W.K. , Yang Ke 
Published: November 2014

AbstractA newly developed copper‐bearing stainless steel (Cu‐SS) by directly immobilizing proper amount of Cu into a medical stainless steel (317L SS) during the metallurgical process could enable continuous release of trace amount of Cu2+ions, which play the key role to offer the multi‐biofunctions of the stainless steel, including the osteogenic ability in the present study. The results ofin vitroexperiments clearly demonstrated that Cu2+ions from Cu‐SS could promote the osteogenic differentiation by stimulating the Alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity and the osteogenic gene expressions (Col1a1, Opn, and Runx2), and enhancing the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts cultured on its surface. Thein vivotest further proved that more new bone tissue formed around the Cu‐SS implant with more stable bone‐to‐implant contact in comparison with the 317L SS. In addition, Cu‐SS showed satisfied biocompatibility according to the results ofin vitrocytotoxicity andin vivohistocompatibility, and its daily released amount of Cu2+ions in physiological saline solution was at trace level of ppb order (1.4 ppb/cm2), which is rather safe to human health. Apart from these results, it was also found that Cu‐SS could inhibit the happening of inflammation with lower TNF‐α expression in the bone tissue post implantation compared with 317L SS. In addition to good biocompatibility, the overall findings demonstrated that the Cu‐SS possessed obvious ability of promoting osteogenesis, indicating a unique application advantage in orthopedics. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1433–1444, 2015.
Magnifying endoscope with NBI to predict the depth of invasion in laryngo‐pharyngeal cancer
Authors: Tateya Ichiro , Morita Shuko , Muto Manabu , Miyamoto Shin'ichi , Hayashi Tomomasa , Funakoshi Makiko , Aoyama Ikuo , Hirano Shigeru , Kitamura Morimasa , Ishikawa Seiji , Kishimoto Yo , Morita Mami , Mahattanasakul Patnarin , Morita Satoshi , Ito Juichi 
Published: November 2014

Objectives/HypothesisTo examine if macroscopic classification with a magnifying gastrointestinal endoscope with narrow band imaging (ME‐NBI) is useful in predicting pathological depth of tumor invasion in laryngo‐pharyngeal cancer.Study DesignRetrospective study.MethodsPreoperative endoscopy reports and postoperative pathological reports on 139 laryngo‐pharyngeal cancer lesions were retrospectively reviewed, and the association between macroscopic findings in the lesions and the depth of tumor invasion was analyzed statistically.ResultsThe ratios of lesions macroscopically classified as 0‐I (superficial and protruding), 0‐IIa (slightly elevated), 0‐IIb (true flat), 0‐IIc (slightly depressed), and 0‐III (superficial and excavated) in the preoperative endoscopy reports were 3%, 25%, 71%, 1%, and 0%, respectively. Regarding the depth of tumor invasion in the postoperative pathological reports, the ratios of lesions classified as EP (carcinoma in situ), SEP (tumor invades subepithelial layer), and MP (tumor invades muscularis propria) were 73%, 26%, and 1%, respectively. The ratios of subepithelial invasion or muscular invasion in 0‐I, 0‐IIa, and 0‐IIb were 100%, 54%, and 14%, respectively, and showed significant difference (P < 0.0001). Only one of 139 lesions invaded the muscular propria.ConclusionsThis study is the first one to show that macroscopic findings by ME‐NBI predict the depth of tumor invasion in superficial laryngo‐pharyngeal cancer. It was indicated that there is a little chance of muscular invasion if the lesion is endoscopically diagnosed as 0‐I or 0‐II. A new T stage classification based on the depth of tumor invasion may be needed in order to adapt the classification to include transoral surgery.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 125:1124–1129, 2015