bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity and cardiovascular disease: an ESC clinical consensus statement
Authors: Koskinas Konstantinos C , Van Craenenbroeck Emeline M , Antoniades Charalambos , Blüher Matthias , Gorter Thomas M , Hanssen Henner , Marx Nikolaus , McDonagh Theresa A , Mingrone Geltrude , Rosengren Annika , Prescott Eva B ,   the ESC Scientific Document Group, Aboyans Victor , Blomstrom-Lundqvist Carina , Nielsen Jens Cosedis , Donal Erwan , Döhner Wolfram , Ferrini Marc , Halvorsen Sigrun , Hassager Christian , Huber Kurt , James Stefan , Leclercq Christophe , Linde Cecilia , McEvoy John William , McMurray John , Mihaylova Borislava , Mindham Richard , Petersen Steffen , Piepoli Massimo , Rakisheva Amina , Rosselló Xavier , Szymański Piotr , Uchmanowicz Izabella , Vrints Christiaan , Windecker Stephan , Witkowski Adam , Zeppenfeld Katja 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The global prevalence of obesity has more than doubled over the past four decades, currently affecting more than a billion individuals. Beyond its recognition as a high-risk condition that is causally linked to many chronic illnesses, obesity has been declared a disease per se that results in impaired quality of life and reduced life expectancy. Notably, two-thirds of obesity-related excess mortality is attributable to cardiovascular disease. Despite the increasingly appreciated link between obesity and a broad range of cardiovascular disease manifestations including atherosclerotic disease, heart failure, thromboembolic disease, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death, obesity has been underrecognized and sub-optimally addressed compared with other modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. In the view of major repercussions of the obesity epidemic on public health, attention has focused on population-based and personalized approaches to prevent excess weight gain and maintain a healthy body weight from early childhood and throughout adult life, as well as on comprehensive weight loss interventions for persons with established obesity. This clinical consensus statement by the European Society of Cardiology discusses current evidence on the epidemiology and aetiology of obesity; the interplay between obesity, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiac conditions; the clinical management of patients with cardiac disease and obesity; and weight loss strategies including lifestyle changes, interventional procedures, and anti-obesity medications with particular focus on their impact on cardiometabolic risk and cardiac outcomes. The document aims to raise awareness on obesity as a major risk factor and provide guidance for implementing evidence-based practices for its prevention and optimal management within the context of primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention.
Variation in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease: the INTERASPIRE study
Authors: McEvoy John William , Jennings Catriona , Kotseva Kornelia , De Bacquer Dirk , De Backer Guy , Erlund Iris , Vihervaara Terhi , Lip Gregory Y H , Ray Kausik K , Rydén Lars , Abreu Ana , Almahmeed Wael , Ambari Ade Meidian , Ge Junbo , Hasan-Ali Hosam , Huo Yong , Jankowski Piotr , Jimenez Rodney M , Li Yong , Mahmood Zuhdi Ahmad Syadi , Makubi Abel , Mbakwem Amam Chinyere , Mbau Lilian , Navarro Estrada Jose Luis , Ogah Okechukwu Samuel , Ogola Elijah Nyainda , Quintero–Baiz Adalberto , Sani Mahmoud Umar , Sosa Liprandi Maria Ines , Tan Jack Wei Chieh , Urina Triana Miguel Alberto , Yeo Tee Joo , Ganly Sandra , Adamska Agnieszka , Wood David 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
INTERASPIRE is an international study of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, designed to measure if guideline standards for secondary prevention and cardiac rehabilitation are being achieved in a timely manner.

Methods
Between 2020 and 2023, adults hospitalized in the preceding 6–24 months with incident or recurrent CHD were sampled in 14 countries from all 6 World Health Organization regions and invited for a standardized interview and examination. Direct age and sex standardization was used for country-level prevalence estimation.

Results
Overall, 4548 (21.1% female) CHD patients were interviewed a median of 1.05 (interquartile range .76–1.45) years after index hospitalization. Among all participants, 24.6% were obese (40.7% centrally). Only 38.6% achieved a blood pressure (BP) &lt; 130/80 mmHg and 16.6% a LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of &lt;1.4 mmol/L. Of those smoking at hospitalization, 48% persisted at interview. Of those with known diabetes, 55.2% achieved glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) of &lt;7.0%. A further 9.8% had undetected diabetes and 26.9% impaired glucose tolerance. Females were less likely to achieve the targets: BP (females 36.8%, males 38.9%), LDL-C (females 12.0%, males 17.9%), and HbA1c in diabetes (females 47.7%, males 57.5%). Overall, just 9.0% (inter-country range 3.8%–20.0%) reported attending cardiac rehabilitation and 1.0% (inter-country range .0%–2.4%) achieved the study definition of optimal guideline adherence.

Conclusions
INTERASPIRE demonstrates inadequate and heterogeneous international implementation of guideline standards for secondary prevention in the first year after CHD hospitalization, with geographic and sex disparity. Investment aimed at reducing between-country and between-individual variability in secondary prevention will promote equity in global efforts to reduce the burden of CHD.
Comparative genomics of Metarhizium brunneum strains V275 and ARSEF 4556: unraveling intraspecies diversity
Authors: Kortsinoglou Alexandra M , Wood Martyn J , Myridakis Antonis I , Andrikopoulos Marios , Roussis Andreas , Eastwood Dan , Butt Tariq , Kouvelis Vassili N 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Entomopathogenic fungi belonging to the Order Hypocreales are renowned for their ability to infect and kill insect hosts, while their endophytic mode of life and the beneficial rhizosphere effects on plant hosts have only been recently recognized. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying their different lifestyles could optimize their potential as both biocontrol and biofertilizer agents, as well as the wider appreciation of niche plasticity in fungal ecology. This study describes the comprehensive whole genome sequencing and analysis of one of the most effective entomopathogenic and endophytic EPF strains, Metarhizium brunneum V275 (commercially known as Lalguard Met52), achieved through Nanopore and Illumina reads. Comparative genomics for exploring intraspecies variability and analyses of key gene sets were conducted with a second effective EPF strain, M. brunneum ARSEF 4556. The search for strain- or species-specific genes was extended to M. brunneum strain ARSEF 3297 and other species of genus Metarhizium, to identify molecular mechanisms and putative key genome adaptations associated with mode of life differences. Genome size differed significantly, with M. brunneum V275 having the largest genome amongst M. brunneum strains sequenced to date. Genome analyses revealed an abundance of plant-degrading enzymes, plant colonization-associated genes, and intriguing intraspecies variations regarding their predicted secondary metabolic compounds and the number and localization of Transposable Elements. The potential significance of the differences found between closely related endophytic and entomopathogenic fungi, regarding plant growth-promoting and entomopathogenic abilities, are discussed, enhancing our understanding of their diverse functionalities and putative applications in agriculture and ecology.
De Novo Emerged Gene Search in Eukaryotes with DENSE
Authors: Roginski Paul , Grandchamp Anna , Quignot Chloé , Lopes Anne 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The discovery of de novo emerged genes, originating from previously noncoding DNA regions, challenges traditional views of species evolution. Indeed, the hypothesis of neutrally evolving sequences giving rise to functional proteins is highly unlikely. This conundrum has sparked numerous studies to quantify and characterize these genes, aiming to understand their functional roles and contributions to genome evolution. Yet, no fully automated pipeline for their identification is available. Therefore, we introduce DENSE (DE Novo emerged gene SEarch), an automated Nextflow pipeline based on two distinct steps: detection of taxonomically restricted genes (TRGs) through phylostratigraphy, and filtering of TRGs for de novo emerged genes via genome comparisons and synteny search. DENSE is available as a user-friendly command-line tool, while the second step is accessible through a web server upon providing a list of TRGs. Highly flexible, DENSE provides various strategy and parameter combinations, enabling users to adapt to specific configurations or define their own strategy through a rational framework, facilitating protocol communication, and study interoperability. We apply DENSE to seven model organisms, exploring the impact of its strategies and parameters on de novo gene predictions. This thorough analysis across species with different evolutionary rates reveals useful metrics for users to define input datasets, identify favorable/unfavorable conditions for de novo gene detection, and control potential biases in genome annotations. Additionally, predictions made for the seven model organisms are compiled into a requestable database, which we hope will serve as a reference for de novo emerged gene lists generated with specific criteria combinations.
The hemispheric origins of meltwater pulse 1B
Authors: Velay-Vitow J , Peltier W R , Stuhne G R , Li T 
Published: August 2024

SUMMARY
Antarctica has been proposed as a significant source of the meltwater that entered the oceans during meltwater pulse 1B (MWP1B) approximately 11 500 yr ago. Support for this scenario has been provided by evidence that the deep fjords of coastal Antarctica, which were heavily glaciated at the maximum of glaciation, were deglaciated at this time. Further support for this scenario was provided by the observation that the inter-hemispheric sea-level teleconnection associated with significant Southern Hemisphere deglaciation at this time provided an explanation of the highly non-monotonic relative sea-level histories recorded at sites on the coast of Scotland, a region which had also been heavily glaciated at the last glacial maximum. Furthermore, it has been argued that a significant contribution to MWP1B must have also been delivered to the oceans by the abrupt Northern Hemisphere warming that occurred at the end of the Younger Dryas (YD) cold reversal, which also occurred approximately 11 500 yr ago. Our focus in this paper is to distinguish between these two possible primary sources of MWP1B. The investigation of how local alterations to ice thicknesses are able to explain evidence which has previously been used to argue for an Antarctic dominant MWP1B will lead us to the conclusion that the Laurentide may be primary source of MWP1B.
Cosmc regulates O-glycan extension in murine hepatocytes
Authors: Aryal Rajindra P , Noel Maxence , Zeng Junwei , Matsumoto Yasuyuki , Sinard Rachael , Waki Hannah , Erger Florian , Reusch Björn , Beck Bodo B , Cummings Richard D 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Hepatocytes synthesize a vast number of glycoproteins found in their membranes and secretions, many of which contain O-glycans linked to Ser/Thr residues. As the functions and distribution of O-glycans on hepatocyte-derived membrane glycoproteins and blood glycoproteins are not well understood, we generated mice with a targeted deletion of Cosmc (C1Galt1c1) in hepatocytes. Liver glycoproteins in WT mice express typical sialylated core 1 O-glycans (T antigen/CD176) (Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr), whereas the Cosmc knockout hepatocytes (HEP-Cosmc-KO) lack extended O-glycans and express the Tn antigen (CD175) (GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr). Tn-containing glycoproteins occur in the sera of HEP-Cosmc-KO mice but not in WT mice. The LDL-receptor (LDLR), a well-studied O-glycosylated glycoprotein in hepatocytes, behaves as a ∼145kD glycoprotein in WT liver lysates, whereas it is reduced to ∼120 kDa in lysates from HEP-Cosmc-KO mice. Interestingly, the expression of the LDLR, as well as HMG-CoA reductase, which is typically altered in response to dysregulated cholesterol metabolism, are similar between WT and HEP-Cosmc-KO mice, indicating no significant effect by Cosmc deletion on either LDLR stability or cholesterol metabolism. Consistent with this, we observed no detectable phenotype in the HEP-Cosmc-KO mice regarding development, appearance or aging compared to WT. These results provide surprising, novel information about the pathway of O-glycosylation in the liver.
Qualitative system dynamics modelling to support the design and implementation of tuberculosis infection prevention and control measures in South African primary healthcare facilities
Authors: Diaconu Karin , Karat Aaron , Bozzani Fiammetta , McCreesh Nicky , Falconer Jennifer , Voce Anna , Vassall Anna , Grant Alison D , Kielmann Karina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Tuberculosis infection prevention and control (TB IPC) measures are a cornerstone of policy, but measures are diverse and variably implemented. Limited attention has been paid to the health system environment, which influences successful implementation of these measures. We used qualitative system dynamics and group-model-building methods to (1) develop a qualitative causal map of the interlinked drivers of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) transmission in South African primary healthcare facilities, which in turn helped us to (2) identify plausible IPC interventions to reduce risk of transmission. Two 1-day participatory workshops were held in 2019 with policymakers and decision makers at national and provincial levels and patient advocates and health professionals at clinic and district levels. Causal loop diagrams were generated by participants and combined by investigators. The research team reviewed diagrams to identify the drivers of nosocomial transmission of Mtb in primary healthcare facilities. Interventions proposed by participants were mapped onto diagrams to identify anticipated mechanisms of action and effect. Three systemic drivers were identified: (1) Mtb nosocomial transmission is driven by bottlenecks in patient flow at given times; (2) IPC implementation and clinic processes are anchored within a staff ‘culture of nominal compliance’; and (3) limited systems learning at the policy level inhibits effective clinic management and IPC implementation. Interventions prioritized by workshop participants included infrastructural, organizational and behavioural strategies that target three areas: (1) improve air quality, (2) improve use of personal protective equipment and (3) reduce the number of individuals in the clinic. In addition to core mechanisms, participants elaborated specific additional enablers who would help sustain implementation. Qualitative system dynamics modelling methods allowed us to capture stakeholder views and potential solutions to address the problem of sub-optimal TB IPC implementation. The participatory elements of system dynamics modelling facilitated problem-solving and inclusion of multiple factors frequently neglected when considering implementation.
Malus sieversii: a historical, genetic, and conservational perspective of the primary progenitor species of domesticated apples
Authors: Tegtmeier Richard , Švara Anže , Gritsenko Dilyara , Khan Awais 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Apples are one of the most valued tree fruit crops around the world. Currently, a few highly popular and economically successful apple cultivars dominate the commercial production and serve as main genetic contributors to the development of new apple cultivars. This limited level of genetic diversity grown as a clonally propagated monoculture renders the apple industry vulnerable to the wide range of weather events, pests, and pathogens. Wild apple species are an excellent source of beneficial alleles for the wide range of biotic and abiotic stressors challenging apple production. However, the biological barriers of breeding with small-fruited wild apples greatly limit their use. Using a closely related wild species of apple such as Malus sieversii can improve the efficiency of breeding efforts and broaden the base of available genetics. M. sieversii is the main progenitor of the domesticated apple, native to Central Asia. The similarity of fruit morphology to domesticated apples and resistances to abiotic and biotic stresses makes it appealing for apple breeding programs. However, this important species is under threat of extinction in its native range. Preserving the wild apple forests in Central Asia is vital for ensuring the sustainable protection of this important genetic resource. The insufficient awareness about the complete range of challenges and opportunities associated with M. sieversii hinders the maximization of its potential benefits. This review aims to provide comprehensive information on the cultural and historical context of M. sieversii, current genetic knowledge for breeding, and the conservation challenges of wild apple forests.
Less or More Labour Law for Social Change?
Authors: Breznik Maja 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the field of labour law, recent contributions to the theory of legal form have addressed the question of whether the purpose of labour law is merely to reproduce capitalist social relations. The resulting debate has acted as a trigger for profound self-reflection among both labour law scholars and the labour movement. While the theory of legal form refers to labour law as ‘capitalist law’, other branches of labour law theory and scholarship, including those of the French legal scholar Alain Supiot, have characterised it as ‘collective’, ‘class’ or ‘social’ law. Both positions claim that the purpose of labour law is to enable transformative social change. Taking account of arguments put forward in this debate, the current paper examines employment practices and collective organising in four Slovenian companies. The aim is to determine how the dynamics that emerge between individual and collective labour rights can create the conditions for social change. The paper thereby addresses the question of whether less or more labour law is needed, and what kind of labour law. In conclusion, the analysis raises the issue of the role of universal labour rights.
Human Papillomavirus Prevalence Among Australian Men Aged 18–35 Years in 2015–2018 According to Vaccination Status and Sexual Orientation
Authors: Balgovind Prisha , Aung Eithandee , Shilling Hannah , Murray Gerald L , Molano Monica , Garland Suzanne M , Fairley Christopher K , Chen Marcus Y , Hocking Jane S , Ooi Catriona , McNulty Anna , McCloskey Jenny , McNamee Kathleen , Bateson Deborah , Owen Louise , Tabrizi Sepehr N , Machalek Dorothy A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Australia introduced a national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program for girls in 2007 and boys in 2013, achieving high coverage. We assessed HPV prevalence among men who have sex with women (MSW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) aged 18–35 years and examined program effects.

Methods
Between 2015–2018, men self-collected a penile or intra-anal swab for HPV genotyping. Vaccination status was confirmed with the National Register. HPV prevalence was examined by age groups and vaccination status.

Results
Prevalence of quadrivalent vaccine–targeted HPV types (6, 11, 16, 18) was 10.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.7%–12.8%) in unvaccinated MSW and 10.7% (95% CI, 5.7%–19.3%) in vaccinated MSW (P = .96). Prevalence was 40.3% (95% CI, 36.0%–44.8%) in unvaccinated MSM and 29.9% (95% CI, 23.1%–37.8%) in vaccinated MSM (P = .02). Among those with confirmed doses, quadrivalent types were detected in 0% (95% CI, 0%–7.7%; n = 46) of men who had their first dose at 13–19 years and 37.2% (95% CI, 27.5%–47.8%; n = 94) in those who received their first dose at 20 years or older.

Conclusions
Our data demonstrate the importance of universal adolescent HPV vaccination to ensure MSM receive the same benefits as MSW.
How can we measure psychological safety in mental healthcare staff? Developing questionnaire items using a nominal groups technique
Authors: Vogt Katharina Sophie , Baker John , Coleman Rebecca , Kendal Sarah , Griffin Bethany , Anjum Taha , Ashley Kirsty Louise , Archer Bethany Lauren , Berry Katherine , Feldman Robyn , Gray Stephanie , Giles Sally Jane , Helliwell Benjamin James , Hill Chelsea , Hogan Aimee Elisha , Iwanow Magdalena , Jansen Timon Anton Arie , Johnson Zach , Kelly James A , Law Joshua , Mizen Emily , Obasohan Owenvbiugie Omorefe , Panagioti Maria , Smith-Wilkes Ffion , Steeg Sarah , Taylor Christopher D J , Tyler Natasha , Wade Sophie , Johnson Judith 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
There have been growing concerns about the well-being of staff in inpatient mental health settings, with studies suggesting that they have higher burnout and greater work-related stress levels than staff in other healthcare sectors. When addressing staff well-being, psychological safety can be a useful concept. However, there is no measure of psychological safety that is suitable for use in inpatient mental health settings. Edmondson (1999) is the most commonly used measure of psychological safety, but it was designed for use in general physical healthcare settings. As inpatient mental health settings are unique environments, transferability of knowledge from physical to mental healthcare settings cannot be assumed. We sought to develop questionnaire items that capture psychological safety among healthcare staff working in acute inpatient mental healthcare settings. We used the nominal group technique, a consensus method involving rounds of discussion, idea generation, and item rating/ranking to identify priorities. Twenty-eight stakeholders participated, including 4 who had lived experience of mental health problems, 11 academics and 18 healthcare professionals (8 participants identified with more than 1 category). The study involved a workshop with three parts: (i) an overview of current research and limitations of the Edmondson (1999) measure as outlined above, (ii) discussion on what items should be retained from the Edmondson (1999) measure, and (iii) discussion on what items should be added to the Edmondson (1999) measure. Twenty-one items were generated and retained to capture psychological safety in inpatient mental health settings. These measure professionals’ sense of being valued by their team and organization, feeling supported at work, feeling physically safe and protected from physical harm, and knowing they can raise concerns about risk and safety. This is the first study to generate questionnaire items suitable for measuring staff psychological safety in mental health settings. These have been generated via a consensus method to ensure stakeholders’ views are reflected. Further research is needed to evaluate factor structure, internal reliability, and convergent validity.