bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of the effect of physical activity on depression in patients with orthopedic injuries in the context of rehabilitative exercise perspective
Authors: TAO Ai-hua , Zhang Qiu-yue , TAO Hai-bing , ZHOU Qun , HOU Ai-jun 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective The study aims to explore the effects of physical activity on depression in individuals.
Methods Through a 2(time: pre-test, post-test) x 3( subgroups: orthopedic patients, sports group, non-sports group) three-factor mixed experimental design, 76 orthopedic patients, 114 non-sports students, and 106 sports students were selected as the study subjects, and the intervention was carried out for 2 weeks using the exercise video-exercise course, respectively, insequence, and the Flux Center Depression Questionnaire was tested before and after the intervention.
Results Overall, depression scores were lower in the sports group (M=9.52, SD=2.94) than in the non-sports group (M=14.71, SD=2.17) than in the orthopedic group (M=15.25, SD=2.15).When, on the pre-test, depression scores were lower in the sports group (M=14.19, SD=0.49) than in the non-sports group (M=15.33, SD=1.81) than in the orthopedic injury group (M=15.63, SD=1.91), when ,on the post-test, depression scores were significantly lower in the sports group (M=9.20, SD=2.36) than in the non-sports group (M=13.19, SD=0.98) significantly lower than in the orthopedic injury group (M=13.49, SD=0.73).
Conclusion Watching physical exercise can alleviate depression in individuals, both in the general population and in patients with orthopedic injuries. And there may be no group differences in the positive effects of watching physical exercise. The positive mood effects of actually participating in physical activity may be greater than the positive effects of watching physical activity.
Evaluation of Xpert MTB Host Response assay for the diagnosis of patients with Active tuberculosis in China
Authors: Zhao Miaomiao , Xu Ping , Xu Lulu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Objective: The World Health Organization regards the development of rapid non-sputum diagnostic reagents as a high priority for TB diagnosis(1). The host peripheral blood 3-gene (GBP5, DUSP3 and KLF2) was found and verified to have high diagnostic value for active tuberculosis (ATB)(2, 3). The clinical diagnostic value of the new 3-genes ( GBP5, DUSP3 and TBP ) modified by Cepheid company has not been evaluated
Methods: We used a retrospective cohort study of 297 clinical ATB patients, 103 patients with other pulmonary diseases (OPD), and 79 healthy subjects are used as healthy controls (HC).The receiver operating characteristic curve ( ROC curve ) was used to analyze the value of TB score in the diagnosis of ATB.
Results: The AUC of TB score between ATB group and HC group was 0.879 and OPD group, respectively. The treatment duration and bacterial burden of ATB will affect the diagnostic efficacy of TB score. When only ATB patients within 3 days were included, the AUC was 0.895 and 0.715 and 0.715 for ATB and AUC was 0.952 and 0.778, respectively. Positive patients within 3 days were included, the TB score AUC was 0.936 and 0.788 for ATB from HC and OPD.
Conclusion: 3-gene TB score test can be used as a rapid blood screening test for clinical ATB patients, and its own bacterial load is an important factor affecting its detection. In addition, with increasing treatment duration in ATB patients, TB scores have increased, with some potential to monitor treatment response.
A Retrial queueing system with negative arrival under Bernoulli vacation schedule and optional repair
Authors: Kumar Binay 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we examine a single-server queuing model where units join the queue according to a Poisson arrival process. The server encounters two distinct customer types. The first type is the positive customer, who promptly joins the service if a server is free. Otherwise, they enter an imaginary queue called a retrial orbit and make subsequent service attempts after a certain period. The second customer type is the negative customer, whose arrival not only results in a server failure but also entails the removal of the customer currently being serviced. Following a failure, the server undergoes immediate essential repairs, with an option for additional optional repairs upon completion. Upon concluding the service of a positive customer, the server may opt for a vacation with a probability denoted by 'θ'. Further we have applied server orbital search policy to reduce the idle time of server after completion of service or repair or vacation. We employ the supplementary variable technique to comprehensively analyze the model and derive explicit expressions for performance measures. To provide practical insights, we conduct a numerical illustration to investigate the sensitivity of various parameters on performance indices.
MSC: 60K25 68M20 90B22
Enhanced Efficiency and Security in Cross-Chain Transmission of Blockchain Internet of Ports through Multi-Feature-Based Joint Learning
Authors: Xie Zeqiang , Zhang Xiaowei , Liu Xinbing 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

To enhance the timeliness of cross-chain transmission (CCT) in port blockchain Internet of Things (IoT), this study proposes a load adaptive control method tailored for CCT within port blockchain IoT networks. It establishes a balanced configuration model for CCT links within the blockchain IoT framework in port areas. The method facilitates compensation and adjustment of joint autocorrelation dynamic parameters pertinent to blockchain IoT devices within port environments through load-balancing scheduling techniques. Furthermore, it examines the correlation constraint parameter characteristics governing CCT control of blockchain IoT within port zones. Leveraging parameter estimation and priority scheduling methodologies for blockchain IoT CCT links, the study employs multi-feature joint learning (MFJL) to construct a load estimation model specific to CCT within port blockchain IoT settings. Moreover, the interference suppression of blockchain IoT CCT in port areas is addressed via the MFJL algorithm, which also facilitates the analysis of distinct characteristic components of cross-chain switching channels. The study implements adaptive multi-channel joint bus control and link balance designs for blockchain IoT CCT within port locales through grid scheduling and cross-chain parameter fusion methods. These endeavours aim to enhance the balance and real-time performance of blockchain IoT CCT within port zones. Simulation outcomes demonstrate notable efficacy, with the average input value of cross-chain energy efficiency for blockchain IoT in port areas reaching 5Mbps, the highest output value peaking at 9Mbps, and the average CCT queue length hovering around 1dB. Additionally, the energy consumption of blockchain IoT devices in port areas is observed to decrease by 1KJ by adopting this methodology.
Towards unraveling antimicrobial resistance dynamics: A longitudinal exploration of rectal swab metagenomes
Authors: Boutin Sébastien , Käding Nadja , Belheouane Meriem , Merker Matthias , Rupp Jan , Nurjadi Dennis 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses significant challenges in clinical settings. In particular, early screening and detection of colonization by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in patients at admission is crucial. In this context, the clinical use of metagenomics (mNGS) holds promise for fast and untargeted diagnostic methods. Here, we aimed to evaluate the long-term stability of the rectal microbiome and the diagnostic accuracy of mNGS in comparison to culture and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of MDROs.
We analyzed rectal swabs from 26 patients with two consecutive admissions over a four-year period. The detected antimicrobial resistance genes and assembled metagenomes were compared to those obtained via classical culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing and WGS of isolated MDROs.
Our results showed that the rectal microbiome is variable during the two timepoints, with a β-diversity greater in magnitude than what is currently known for the gut microbiome, highlighting the variability in the niche. Nevertheless, we also observed strong co-occurrence of taxa, suggesting that the rectal swab microbiome is also a regulated niche with cooperative biotic interactions. In total, we isolated and sequenced 6 MDROs from 6 patients at individual timepoints. Almost all AMR genes from the genomes of the isolates (median: 100%, range: 84.6-100%) could be detected by mNGS of the rectal swabs. Thus, in patients with positive cultures, we could not detect the isolated MDRO species or associated AMR genes at all screening visits. In addition, we detected AMR genes and pathogenic species in patients with negative cultures.
In conclusion, our study showed that, in principle, mNGS of rectal swabs can detect clinically relevant AMR profiles. However, the cooccurrence of AMR genes and pathogenic species does not always correlate with culture-based diagnostic results but rather indicates a potential risk of horizontal AMR gene transfer. However, it is unclear whether the observed discrepancies are due to transient or locally confined colonization of MDROs, limits of detection, or variability of the sampling method and specimens.
Assessment of maternal body composition change and its relationship with heavy-for-date infants in pregnant women with diabetes
Authors: Eto Eriko , Kirino Satoe , Kato Masakazu , Kuriyama Chiaki , Sakata Syujiro , Oishi Keiichi , Suemori Ayano , Nakato Hikari , Oba Hikaru , Mitoma Tomohiro , Mishima Sakurako , Ohira Akiko , Maki Jota , Masuyama Hisashi 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Maternal hyperglycemia is associated with heavy-for-date (HFD) infants. Considering the association between body composition and hyperglycemia, we examined the changes in maternal body composition and their relationship with HFD infants in pregnant women with diabetes. Body composition was measured during pregnancy and postpartum. 151 women participated in this retrospective study, including 8.6%, 45%, 29.1%, and 17.3% underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese individuals, respectively. 16.6%, 13.9%, 68.2%, and 1.3% had Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), Type 2 DM, gestational DM, and overt DM, respectively. Of these 26.5% gave birth to HFD infants. In underweight, normal weight, and overweight groups, maternal body weight gain (WG) increased during pregnancy and decreased to postpartum. However, the obese group showed no significant change during pregnancy. Maternal body weight decreased in initial pregnancy compared to that pre-pregnancy in all BMI groups, and decreased postpartum compared to pre-pregnancy in overweight and obese groups. Overall, fat mass (FM) did not increase during pregnancy in women with treated diabetes, and WG was mainly caused by FFM increase in both the obese and non-obese groups. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that WG and FFM in the third trimester can predict HFD infants in pregnant women with diabetes.
Antenatal Risk of Coarctation for newborns at Hartford Hospital (ARCH) Pathway: A Predictor of Postnatal Management Strategy
Authors: Wang Alicia , Cummins Matthew , Flerlage Elizabeth , Toro-Salazar Olga , Brimacombe Michael , Davey Brooke T. 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background:
The diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta (CoA) prior to birth can be challenging due to the physiologic changes during postnatal transition. Prenatal risk stratification can standarize postnatal management and improve outcome. CT Children’s Fetal Cardiology created the Antenatal Risk of CoA in Hartford (ARCH) clinical pathway defining four distinct postnatal order sets based on degree of suspicion for ductal dependency on fetal evaluation: low, low-moderate, moderate-high, and high risk. This study aims to evaluate safety and efficacy of the ARCH pathway in neonates with suspected CoA.
Study Design:
This study was a single-center, retrospective chart review evaluating maternal-infant dyads with findings concerning for CoA between July 2004 and July 2021, before and after ARCH pathway implementation. Neonates were evaluated for the presence or absence of critical CoA and postnatal clinical data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using chi square and Fisher’s exact test.
Results:
There were 108 maternal-infant dyads studied, comprising 53 non-pathway patients and 55 ARCH-pathway participants. Thirty-three neonates had critical CoA, comprising 23 non-pathway and 10 ARCH-pathway subjects. Patients categorized in the high-risk group were highly associated with critical CoA (P= 0.003). Non-pathway neonates with CoA demonstrated higher likelihood of hospital transfer compared to ARCH-pathway neonates (56.5% vs 10.0%, P = 0.021). NICU admission, prostaglandin administration, and intubation were not significantly different between before and after ARCH implementation (P <0.05). More echocardiograms were performed in ARCH-pathway neonates without CoA than their non-pathway counterparts (1.586 vs 2.133, P = 0.049).
Conclusion:
The ARCH pathway is a safe, reliable prenatal risk stratification system to help guide management of patients with critical CoA. These results identify effective targets of modification to the pathway to reduce resource utilization without compromising safety.
Proteomic analysis of plasma exosomes in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhong Zhaoyue , Ji Jiayin , Li Hongxia , Kang Ling , Zhu Haipeng 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer has been a research priority and challenge, especially metastatic colorectal cancer. Here we screened for the expression differences of plasma exosomal proteome among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), and healthy controls (HC) in order to enhance the understanding of metastatic disease and provide insights for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer.
Methods: Plasma samples from 5 patients with mCRC, 5 patients with CRC, and 5 healthy subjects were collected and processed to isolate exosomes by ultracentrifugation. Then, the protein concentration was determined with the BCA kit. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was utilized to identify and analyze the proteins within the plasma exosomes.
Results: We isolated exosomes from plasma samples.A total of 994 quantifiable proteins were detected, including 287 differentially expressed proteins were identified by quantitative proteomics analyses. Among them, 965, 963 and 968 proteins were identified in mCRC patients, CRC patients and HC, respectively. The study identified 83 proteins with differential expression in the plasma exosomes of mCRC patients. The top ten up-regulated proteins in the mCRC group and CRC group included ITGA4, GNAI1, SFTPA2, UGGT, GRN, LBP, SMIM1, BMP1, HMGN5, and MFAP4, while the top ten down-regulated proteins were PSMB8, LCK, RAB35, PSMB4, CD81, CD63, GLIPR2, RAP1B, RAB30, and CES1. Western Blot Analysis validation data confirmed that ITGA4 and GNAI1 were unequivocally enriched in plasma-derived exosomes from mCRC patients.
Conclusions: The differentially expressed proteins in the metastatic colorectal cancer group and colorectal cancer group may play a crucial role in colorectal cancer metastasis. These differential proteins offering potential new candidate molecules for further research on the pathogenesis of mCRC and the identification of therapeutic targets. This study sheds light on the potential significance of plasma exosome proteomics in understanding and treating metastatic colorectal cancer.
Assessing the intracranial metabolic score as a novel prognostic tool in immunocompetent primary CNS lymphoma patients with end-of-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT and PET/MR
Authors: Mo Yi Wen , Li Yong Jiang , Huang Yu Qian , Chen Ming Shi , Zhou Chao , Li Xin Ling , Wei Yuan , Li Ru Ping , Fan Wei , Zhang Xu 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
The metabolic response of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) patients has yet to be evaluated, and Deauville scoring (DS) is not suitable for brain PET/MR. This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of a novel scoring scale, the intracranial metabolic score (IMS), in PCNSL patients receiving end-of-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT (EOT-PCT) and PET/MR (EOT-PMR).
Methods
The IMS was determined based on the metabolism of normal intracranial structures, including gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid. The EOT-PCT cohort was evaluated using the IMS and DS. Another cohort of patients who underwent surgery via the EOT-PMR was used to validate the accuracy of the IMS.
Results
In total, 38 patients were enrolled in the PET/CT cohort, while 45 patients were enrolled in the PET/MR cohort. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the IMS for predicting 3-year PFS and 3-year OS were superior to those of the DS. When patients in the PET/CT cohort were stratified into five groups (respectively labeled IMS 1–5), three groups (IMS1-2, IMS 3–4, and IMS 5), or two groups (IMS1-3 and IMS4-5; IMS 1–4 and IMS 5), a higher IMS score was significantly correlated with poorer PFS and OS (p < 0.001). Similar results were observed for PFS in the PET/MR cohort (p < 0.001). The IMS and DS scale were found to be independent prognostic indicators for PFS and OS in the PET/CT cohort, and the IMS was identified as the sole independent prognostic indicator for PFS in the PET/MR cohort.
Conclusion
The IMS as a novel and effective prognostic tool for PCNSL patients, showing superior predictive value for patient outcomes compared to the DS when assessed with EOT-PET scans.
Realistic subject-specific simulation of resting state scalp EEG based on physiological model
Authors: Bénard Adrien , Maliia Dragos-Mihai , Yochum Maxime , Ersöz Elif Köksal , Houvenaghel Jean-François , Wendling Fabrice , Sauleau Paul , Benquet Pascal 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings are widely used in neuroscience to identify individual-specific signatures. Understanding the cellular origins of scalp EEG signals and their spatiotemporal changes during resting state (RS) in humans is challenging. The objective of this study was to simulate individual-specific spatiotemporal features of RS EEG and measure the degree of similarity between real and simulated EEG. Using a physiologically grounded whole-brain computational model that simulates interregional cortical circuitry, realistic individual EEG recordings during RS of three healthy subjects were created. The model included interconnected neural mass modules simulating activities of different neuronal subtypes, including pyramidal cells and four types of GABAergic interneurons. High-definition EEG and source localization were used to delineate the cortical extent of alpha and beta-gamma rhythms. To assess the realism of the simulated EEG, we developed a similarity index based on cross-correlation analysis in the frequency domain across different bipolar derivations. Alpha oscillations were produced by strengthening the somatostatin-pyramidal loop in posterior regions, while beta-gamma oscillations were generated by increasing the excitability of parvalbumin-interneurons on pyramidal neurons in anterior regions. The generation of realistic individual RS EEG rhythms represents a significant advance for research fields requiring data augmentation, including brain-computer interfaces and artificial intelligence training.
Higher hair cortisol levels associated with previous cardiovascular events and cardiovascular risks in a large cross-sectional population study
Authors: Faresjö Åshild , Theodorsson Elvar , Stomby Andreas , Quist Helena , Jones Mike , Östgren Carl Johan , Dahlqvist Per , Faresjö Tomas 
Published: July 2024

Abstract

Background
. Stress is today a common feature of patients seeking medical care and a growing public health issue in society. A method has been developed to measure biological chronic stress, by Hair Cortisol Concentrations (HCC). This biomarker for chronic stress, capture information about cumulative cortisol levels over a course of several months. Long-term stress might be one of the factors contributing to the onset of cardiovascular conditions and also affecting different risk factors. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between Hair Cortisol Concentrations and previous cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors.
Methods
The method of measuring chronic stress by Hair Cortisol Concentration was applied in a large Swedish national observational cross-sectional study. A population-based random sample of N = 4,821 Swedish middle-aged men and women was analysed for hair cortisol levels in relation to diagnosed previous cardiovascular diseases and biologically measured cardiovascular risk factors.
Results
Long-term stress, measured by hair cortisol, was significantly associated with the classical cardiovascular risk factors hypertension and high cholesterol, but not smoking. Those with elevated HCC levels also had a significantly increased pre-history of myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes, atrial fibrillation and by-pass surgery, but not regarding stroke, angina pectoris or sleep apnoea. Higher HCC was significantly associated (p < 0.001) with Body mass index and waist circumference, but only for females. HCC was also associated with the risk markers leukocytes, and high-sensitivity CRP, indicating a possible linkage between HCC and inflammation and hypothetically also the bodily immune defense. No association was found between perceived stress and HCC.
Conclusions
Altogether, these analyses of Hair cortisol levels in a large middle-aged population show that chronically elevated cortisol levels represent a relevant and significant factor associated with cardiovascular diseases and classical cardiovascular risk factors. These findings further indicate a linkage between chronic stress and inflammation and hypothetically also the bodily immune defense.