bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SIRT1 promotes doxorubicin‐induced breast cancer drug resistance and tumor angiogenesis via regulating GSH‐mediated redox homeostasis
Authors: Sahoo Shashikanta , Kumari Sunita , Pulipaka Sriravali , Chandra Yogesh , Kotamraju Srigiridhar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a member of histone deacetylase III family, plays a pivotal role in mediating chemoresistance in several cancers, including breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanism by which the deregulated SIRT1 promotes doxorubicin (Dox) resistance is still elusive. Here, we showed that the cell proliferation rates and invasive properties of MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells were increased from low‐ to high‐Dox‐resistant cells. In agreement, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) mice bearing labeled MDA‐MB‐231high Dox‐Res cells showed significantly higher tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastatic ability than parental MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Interestingly, the levels of SIRT1 and glutathione (GSH) were positively correlated with the degree of Dox‐resistance. Dox‐induced SIRT1 promoted NRF2 nuclear translocation with an accompanying increase in the antioxidant response element promotor activity and GSH levels. In contrast, inhibition of SIRT1 by EX527 greatly reversed these events. More so, Dox‐resistance‐induced pro‐proliferative, proangiogenic, and invasive effects were obviated with depletion of either SIRT1 or GSH. Together, Dox‐induced SIRT1 promotes dysregulation of redox homeostasis leading to breast cancer chemoresistance, tumor aggressiveness, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
Voltage‐controlled attenuator based on PIN diode and compensated gold wire inductors
Authors: Chen Jiming , Peng Hao , Chen Lifeng , Sun Tianyang , Liu Yu , Tatu Serioja Ovidiu , Yang Tao 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes an innovative design approach for a voltage‐controlled (variable) attenuator that allows continuous control of attenuation through analog voltage. Different from fixed attenuators, this work employs PIN diodes and compensated gold wire inductors to configure the attenuation network. It is based in imperfect matching theory, ensuring to obtain the acceptable S‐parameters over the operating band. Measurement results demonstrate effective performance of the attenuator within the voltage range of 0.7–1.03 V. Return losses of the attenuator are all better than 15 dB in the operating range of 10.5–19 GHz. The insertion losses exhibit continuous variation from 2 to 15 dB, requiring only a single controlled voltage to adjust the attenuation value.
On‐board synthetic 4D MRI generation from 4D CBCT for radiotherapy of abdominal tumors: A feasibility study
Authors: Quintero Paulo , Wu Can , Otazo Ricardo , Cervino Laura , Harris Wendy 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic resonance‐guided radiotherapy with an MR‐guided LINAC represents potential clinical benefits in abdominal treatments due to the superior soft‐tissue contrast compared to kV‐based images in conventional treatment units. However, due to the high cost associated with this technology, only a few centers have access to it. As an alternative, synthetic 4D MRI generation based on artificial intelligence methods could be implemented. Nevertheless, appropriate MRI texture generation from CT images might be challenging and prone to hallucinations, compromising motion accuracy.PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility of on‐board synthetic motion‐resolved 4D MRI generation from prior 4D MRI, on‐board 4D cone beam CT (CBCT) images, motion modeling information, and deep learning models using the digital anthropomorphic phantom XCAT.MethodsThe synthetic 4D MRI corresponds to phases from on‐board 4D CBCT. Each synthetic MRI volume in the 4D MRI was generated by warping a reference 3D MRI (MRIref, end of expiration phase from a prior 4D MRI) with a deformation field map (DFM) determined by (I) the eigenvectors from the principal component analysis (PCA) motion‐modeling of the prior 4D MRI, and (II) the corresponding eigenvalues predicted by a convolutional neural network (CNN) model using the on‐board 4D CBCT images as input. The CNN was trained with 1000 deformations of one reference CT (CTref, same conditions as MRIref) generated by applying 1000 DFMs computed by randomly sampling the original eigenvalues from the prior 4D MRI PCA model. The evaluation metrics for the CNN model were root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). Finally, different on‐board 4D‐MRI generation scenarios were assessed by changing the respiratory period, the amplitude of the diaphragm, and the chest wall motion of the 4D CBCT using normalized root‐mean‐square error (nRMSE) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) for image‐based evaluation, and volume dice coefficient (VDC), volume percent difference (VPD), and center‐of‐mass shift (COMS) for contour‐based evaluation of liver and target volumes.ResultsThe RMSE and MAE values of the CNN model reported 0.012 ± 0.001 and 0.010 ± 0.001, respectively for the first eigenvalue predictions. SSIM and nRMSE were 0.96 ± 0.06 and 0.22 ± 0.08, respectively. VDC, VPD, and COMS were 0.92 ± 0.06, 3.08 ± 3.73 %, and 2.3 ± 2.1 mm, respectively, for the target volume. The more challenging synthetic 4D‐MRI generation scenario was for one 4D‐CBCT with increased chest wall motion amplitude, reporting SSIM and nRMSE of 0.82 and 0.51, respectively.ConclusionsOn‐board synthetic 4D‐MRI generation based on predicting actual treatment deformation from on‐board 4D‐CBCT represents a method that can potentially improve the treatment‐setup localization in abdominal radiotherapy treatments with a conventional kV‐based LINAC.
Factors Precipitating Overnight Admission After Sialolithectomy
Authors: Rind Fahad , Schofield Minka , Carrau Ricardo L. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine factors predicting overnight admission after sialolithectomy.Study DesignQuality outcome database research.SettingThe National Surgical Quality Improvement Program American College of Surgeons Participant User Files.MethodsCurrent Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes 42330, 42335, and 42340 between 2007, and 2020 resulted 916 cases. Correlations between perioperative factors and overnight admission (ie, length of stay >0 days) were tested. Cases were stratified into endoscopic (ES) and nonendoscopic (NES) procedures using concurrent CPT codes 42660, 42669, and 42650.ResultsAfter sialolithectomy, 13.7% (126 cases) were admitted at least overnight. Upon multivariate analysis, wound Class 4 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.15, 95% confidence interval: 1.05, 4.40), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) 3 classification (OR: 2.17, 1.06‐4.46, P = .035), and the operative time (OR: 1.01 [1.01‐1.01], P < .001) correlated with overnight stay; while Class 2 wounds had a lower risk of overnight admission (OR: 0.31 [0.12‐1.63], P < .001). The ES cohort had longer operative times (56.1 vs 73.6 minutes). In the NES cohort's multivariate analysis, ASA III (OR: 2.459 [1.13, 5.34], P < .001) and operative time (OR: 1.01 [1.01, 1.02], P < .001) correlated with overnight stay while Class 2 wound classifications protected against overnight stay (OR: 0.28 [0.15, 0.52], P < .001).ConclusionThis study highlights the correlation between intraoperative complexity, as operative time, wound classification and ASA Class 3, and the need for admission after a typically ambulatory sialolithectomy. The significantly longer operative time with evidence of a shorter length of stay in ES cases suggests a valuable trade off, within the limits of indication.
Potential barriers to the use of anti‐obesity medications in persons with spinal cord injuries and disorders
Authors: LaVela Sherri L. , Berryman Kelsey , Kale Ibuola , Farkas Gary J. , Henderson Geoffrey V. , Rosales Vanessa , Eisenberg Dan , Reyes Lorena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnti‐obesity medications (AOMs) may provide a viable option for obesity management. However, little is known about the use of AOMs in persons with SCI/D.ObjectiveDescribe health care providers' (HCPs) views about barriers to AOM use in persons living with SCI/D.MethodsDescriptive qualitative design using in‐depth interviews Descriptive statistics were used to calculate demographic and employment characteristics. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and analyzed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) six thematic analysis phases.ResultsHCPs (n = 12) were from 11 different nationwide facilities. Most HCPs were male (75%), a large majority were white (67%), and most were 26–49 years of age. Participants were dietitians (75%), physicians (17%), and psychologists (8%). HCPs ranged from 1.5 to 15 years of providing SCI/D care. HCPs described four main thematic barriers to AOM use in persons with SCI/D: (1) AOM side effects that are especially concerning in persons with SCI/D; (2) AOMs contribute to poor eating habits; (3) availability, accessibility, and administration; and (4) lack of evidence, clinical agreement, and knowledge about AOM use in the SCI/D population.ConclusionsThere are several potential barriers to AOM use in the SCI/D population. Barriers include AOM side effects which may cause or exacerbate conditions that are already concerns in persons with SCI/D, such as bowel and skin problems, and muscle loss. SCI/D HCPs reported a lack of evidence about AOM use in persons with SCI/D, but interest in obtaining more knowledge.
Treatments affecting splenic function as a risk factor for valvular heart disease in Childhood Cancer Survivors: A DCCSS‐LATER study
Authors: Houtman Bente M. , Walraven Iris , Kapusta Livia , Teske Arco J. , van Dulmen‐den Broeder Eline , Tissing Wim J. E. , van den Heuvel‐Eibrink Marry M. , Versluys A. B. Birgitta , Bresters Dorine , van der Heiden‐van der Loo Margriet , Ronckers Cécile , Kok Wouter E. M. , van der Pal Helena J. H. , Pluijm Saskia M. F. , Janssens Geert O. , Blijlevens Nicole M. A. , Kremer Leontien C. M. , Loonen Jacqueline J. , Feijen E. A. M. Lieke 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeSplenectomy might be a risk factor for valvular heart disease (VHD) in adult Hodgkin lymphoma survivors. As this risk is still unclear for childhood cancer survivors (CCS), the aim of this study is to evaluate the association between treatments affecting splenic function (splenectomy and radiotherapy involving the spleen) and VHD in CCS.MethodsCCS were enrolled from the DCCSS‐LATER cohort, consisting of 6,165 five‐year CCS diagnosed between 1963 and 2002. Symptomatic VHD, defined as symptoms combined with a diagnostic test indicating VHD, was assessed from questionnaires and validated using medical records. Differences in the cumulative incidence of VHD between CCS who received treatments affecting splenic function and CCS who did not were assessed using the Gray test. Risk factors were analyzed in a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsThe study population consisted of 5,286 CCS, with a median follow‐up of 22 years (5‐50 years), of whom 59 (1.1%) had a splenectomy and 489 (9.2%) radiotherapy involving the spleen. VHD was present in 21 CCS (0.4%). The cumulative incidence of VHD at the age of 40 years was significantly higher in CCS who received treatments affecting splenic function (2.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4%‐4.9%) compared with CCS without (0.4%, 95% CI 0.1%‐0.7%) (Gray's test, p = 0.003). Splenectomy was significantly associated with VHD in a multivariable analysis (hazard ratio 8.6, 95% CI 3.1‐24.1).Conclusions and implicationsSplenectomy was associated with VHD. Future research is needed to determine if CCS who had a splenectomy as part of cancer treatment might benefit from screening for VHD.
Fluorosilane modification on BaTiO3 particles: A facile method to fabricate PVDF dielectric composites with desirable mechanical properties
Authors: Shi Yuqi , Tang Junhang , Chen Qiuyue , Chen Xin , Mao Zepeng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDielectric capacitors have attracted much attention due to their excellent power density and long service life. Its development trend is mainly towards miniaturization, lightweight, and integration. In this work, barium titanate (BaTiO3, BT) particles were modified by four different coupling agents and then were introduced in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix to prepare PVDF/BT dielectric composites. Thermodynamic, dielectric, mechanical, and rheological properties were researched. After the combination of the surface‐modified BT and PVDF, the dielectric constant ( ≈ 33) of the composites increased by 4–5 times compared to PVDF ( = 7.8), and the dielectric loss also was obviously reduced. One remarkable thing was that modification of 1H,1H,2H,2H‐perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (F8261) could improve the mechanical properties of composites significantly, especially in toughness. For example, the impact strength of PVDF/F8261‐BT (12.8 kJ/m2) was 103.1% higher than that of PVDF/KH550‐BT (6.3 kJ/m2), and even 13.3% higher than that of PVDF (11.3 kJ/m2). This simple preparation method is a good grafting tactic and has a positive effect on the dielectric properties and toughness of the composites.Highlights
A method for enhancing the dielectric and mechanical properties of composites.
Comparing the effects of four coupling agents on the properties of composites.
F8261 can significantly improve the impact toughness of PVDF/BT.
PVDF/F8261‐BT with 30 vol% filler has a dielectric constant of 34.5 at 102 Hz.
Study on short fiber reinforcement mechanism for mechanical performance improvement of 3D‐printed short‐continuous carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites
Authors: Wang Gongshuo , Wang Fuji , Wang Hongquan , Fu Rao , Zhou Jianming 
Published: August 2024

Abstract3D printing of continuous carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (C‐CFRTP) composites is a promising fabricating process to achieve complex lightweight structures within a short time; nevertheless, low mechanical performance between printed layers is always a limitation. Adding short carbon fibers during C‐CFRTP fabrication could achieve short‐continuous carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (S/C‐CFRTP) composites with enhanced mechanical properties. However, the underlying reinforcement mechanism is not well understood, which hinders the optimization of 3D printing process for S/C‐CFRTP. This paper investigates reinforcing behavior of short carbon fibers and impregnation behavior of the matrix (short carbon fiber reinforced PA6) under various 3D printing conditions. The results indicate that promoting both reinforcing and impregnation behaviors during S/C‐CFRTP 3D printing can improve mechanical performance. As short carbon fiber content increases, the mechanical performance initially experiences enhancement caused by the reinforcing behavior of short fibers, followed by a decline attributed to the insufficient impregnation of the molten matrix. Higher nozzle temperatures facilitate the impregnation behavior of the molten matrix, resulting in superior mechanical performance. Moreover, by leveraging the reinforcement mechanism, the optimal parameter combination is proposed to improve tensile, flexural, and interlaminar shear strengths of the 3D‐printed S/C‐CFRTP to approximately 368.27, 319.80, and 20.09 MPa, respectively.Highlights
Reinforcement mechanism is revealed by reinforcing and impregnation behaviors.
Short carbon fiber content affects both reinforcing and impregnation behaviors.
Beyond 15 wt%, short carbon fiber content shows adverse effects on performance.
High nozzle temperature promotes impregnation behavior to improve performance.
Optimal parameters raise 19.8% tensile, 39.9% flexural and 161.2% shear strength.
Research progress on the tribological properties of epoxy‐based solid‐lubricating composites
Authors: Song Luyang , Jiang Tao , Yu Hua , Zhou Yayu , Cao Xinna , Wang Peng , Zhang Bibo , Yu Zhuoli , Pan Kunming , Wei Shizhong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo modify the tribological properties of epoxy (EP), additive phases, such as inorganic/organic lubricating fillers, are often introduced to form EP‐based solid‐lubricating composites, which are extensively utilized in industrial sectors like aerospace, automotive, and electronics. The composite methods can be divided into single‐phase composite and multiphase composite. Single‐phase fillers can improve the tribological properties of the composite while the content and distribution of the fillers should be precise controlled. Multiphase fillers offer significant advantages in enhancing the comprehensive properties of EP, making them more suitable for practical harsh environments. This review investigates the progress in research on the tribological properties of EP‐based solid‐lubricating composites and provides an outlook on the future development of lubricating fillers.Highlights
In this paper, the commonly used lubricating fillers in EP‐based solid‐lubricating composites and their composite methods, including inorganic and organic fillers, were reviewed.
The various EP‐based solid‐lubricating composites, and their lubrication or wear mechanisms were introduced in detail, and the future development directions of the composites were prospected.
Consideration of fuel and oxidizer combinations for mass and volume limited hybrid rocket motors
Authors: Presman Michael , Gany Alon 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis research considers different storable oxidizer and fuel combinations for hybrid propulsion, looking for the most adequate candidates for mass and volume limited systems. High specific impulse Isp is the main indication for minimum mass, whereas high density specific impulse ρIsp is a good measure for smaller volume. Other aspects such as safety, handling, toxicity, burn rate, hypergolicity, and the oxidizer to fuel O/F ratio, may affect the final choice of propellant ingredient combination. For mass‐limited systems hydrogen peroxide H2O2 or nitrogen tetroxide N2O4 (the latter is toxic and hard to handle) oxidizers give the best results with most solid fuels (mainly hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene HTPB). For volume‐limited systems the same combinations may apply; however, in that case polyester fuel may be an adequate choice as well because of its high density. Nitrous oxide N2O is the most inadequate oxidizer for volume‐limited systems, yielding ρIsp lower by about 40 % compared to other oxidizers. Reducing the structure and insulation mass may result from decreasing the high‐pressure, high‐temperature section (the combustion chamber) and can be achieved from high O/F combinations employing N2O or H2O2 oxidizers. N2O gives relatively safe system, H2O2 enables hypergolic combinations, HNO3 is good for long‐term storage, whereas paraffin wax and expandable graphite additive yield high fuel regression rate and thrust. Overall, H2O2 oxidizer seems optimal for many operational aspects, but it should be chemically stabilized to minimize decomposition.
A comprehensive guide for secondary structure and tertiary structure determination in peptides and proteins by circular dichroism spectrometer
Authors: Kuril Akhilesh Kumar , Vashi Ankur , Subbappa Praveen Kumar 
Published: August 2024

Secondary structure refers to highly regular local sub‐structures formed by the polypeptide backbone through hydrogen bonding. The two main types of secondary structures are α‐helices and β‐strands (which can form β‐sheets). The development of a robust circular dichroism (CD) method for structural analysis of biomolecules requires careful consideration of several key factors. Solvent selection plays a crucial role in maintaining the native or desired conformation of the sample while ensuring transparency in the relevant wavelength regions. Aqueous buffers are often preferred for studying proteins in their native state. Optimizing the sample concentration and path length is essential to achieve an optimal absorbance range and maximize the signal‐to‐noise ratio. Typical concentrations for far‐UV CD measurements range from 0.1 to 1 mg/ml, with shorter path lengths (1 mm) allowing for higher concentrations and longer path lengths (5 mm) suitable for dilute solutions. Instrumental parameters, such as scanning speed, accumulations, and nitrogen flow rate, significantly impact the quality and reliability of the acquired CD spectra. Data processing is a critical step in obtaining accurate and interpretable CD spectra. Baseline correction, smoothing, and conversion to mean residue ellipticity are essential for reliable secondary structure analysis.
Major and Trace Element Composition Differences Revealed in Porcine Intestine by Dynamic Analysis and MeV Ion Microscopy
Authors: Whitlow Harry J. , Nagy Gyula , Kuznetsov Andrej , Frost Robert J.W. , Azarov Alexander , Smith Karen M. , Amphalop Sumittra , Insuan Wimonrut , Wichianchot Sakulchit , Ren Min‐Quin , Osipowicz Thomas , Ryan Chris G. , Sudprasert Wanwisa , Villinger Francois 
Published: August 2024

Physiologically relevant concentrations in biological tissue, in the in vivo, state are of the order of μmol L−1 and mmol L−1. Up to the present, mapping the major elements in the matrix and its thickness has been neglected, despite their importance for quantification of lesser and trace element concentrations. Ryan and Jamieson's dynamic analysis, statistical spectral decomposition approach, is developed to quantitatively measure ex vivo tissue sections cut using a cryomicrotome. This mitigates the problem that physical analysis methods require a vacuum environment. This approach is used to quantitatively image the major matrix elements H, C, N, and O as well as trace maps of Ca, Fe, and Zn in a tissue section of porcine intestine. This sample is selected as it exhibits a complex morphology with multiple tissue compartments (such as muscle and mucosa, as well as void areas from blood vessels, lymph ducts, sinuses crypts, and villi. In the results, it is demonstrated that different tissue types can have a different matrix composition and thickness. Using this information, quantitative maps and elemental molarities for the lesser and trace elements Ca, Fe, and Zn are obtained.
Iterative‐learning‐based actuator/sensor fault estimation for a class of repetitive nonlinear systems with time‐delay
Authors: Du Kenan , Feng Li , Chai Yi , Deng Meng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTo meet the demand for estimating actuator and sensor faults simultaneously in a class of repetitive nonlinear time‐delay systems, this paper proposes a novel fault estimation strategy based on an iterative learning scheme. Firstly, an iterative‐learning‐based fault estimation law is designed to estimate actuator faults while system is free of sensor failures. Both the fixed initial shift and random one are taken into consideration. Secondly, a novel sensor fault observer is proposed based on an augmented state variable which consists of original system state and sensor fault signal; output compensation strategy is also provided to ensure the iterative‐learning‐based actuator fault estimation method is effective considering the existence of sensor failures. In addition, theorems based on ‐norm and linear matrix inequality are provided to determine values or ranges of gain matrices and parameters in proposed sensor fault observer and iterative‐learning‐based actuator fault estimation law. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.