bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer survival and prevalence in Australia: Period estimates from 1982 to 2010
Authors:   Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimThe Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) is a major national agency established by the Australian government to provide reliable, regular and relevant information and statistics on Australia's health and welfare. The AIHW publishes updated information on survival and prevalence of cancer in Australia on a regular basis.MethodsThe latest national survival and prevalence statistics for cancer in Australia from 1982 to 2010 are presented. The period method is used in survival calculations. Limited duration prevalence by sex and 5‐year relative survival by age, sex, remoteness from major centers and socioeconomic status are examined in detail for all cancers combined as well as for selected cancers. National conditional survival statistics are also presented.ResultsFive‐year survival from all cancers combined increased from 47% in the period 1982–1987 to 66% in 2006–2010. Over the same period, prostate cancer, kidney cancer and non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma had the largest increases in 5‐year survival, while many of the cancers that already had a low survival in 1982–1987 (such as mesothelioma and pancreatic cancer) showed only small increases. For those who have already survived 5 years past their cancer diagnosis, their survival prospects for the next 5 years were more than 90% for all cancers combined. At the end of 2007 there were 774 700 Australians, or 3.6% of the population, living with a diagnosis of cancer in the previous 26 years. The prevalence was particularly high for breast cancer, melanoma of the skin, prostate cancer and bowel cancer.
Inhibition of extracellular nucleotides hydrolysis intensifies the allergic bronchospasm. A novel protective role of ectonucleotidases
Authors: Chávez J. , Vargas M. H. , Rebollar‐Ayala D. C. , Díaz‐Hernández V. , Cruz‐Valderrama J. E. , Flores‐Soto E. , Flores‐García M. , Jiménez‐Vargas N. N. , Barajas‐López C. , Montaño L. M. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundNucleotides released to the extracellular space stimulate purinergic receptors, and their effects are modulated by ectonucleotidases. The role of ATP in the allergic bronchospasm has been scantly studied.MethodsWe used several techniques (plethysmography, organ baths, confocal microscopy, RT‐PCR, ATP measurement) to explore the role of nucleotides and ectonucleotidases in the allergic bronchospasm in guinea pigs.ResultsWhile allergenic challenge with a low‐dose ovalbumin (OVA) only produced a small bronchospasm (~2‐fold the basal lung resistance), previous inhibition of ectonucleotidases by ARL‐67156 greatly intensified this response (~11‐fold the basal lung resistance, with 44% mortality). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained during this bronchospasm contained increased ATP concentration. This potentiation was abolished by antagonism of purinergic receptors (suramin+RB2) or TXA2 receptor (SQ29548), or by intratracheal apyrase. In tracheal rings and lung parenchyma strips, OVA caused a concentration‐dependent contraction. Suramin+RB2 or levamisole produced a significant rightward displacement of this response, and ARL‐67156 did not modify it. Platelets stimulated with OVA released ATP. Confocal images of nonsensitized tracheas showed slight fluorescence for P2Y6 receptors in epithelium and none for P2Y4. Sensitized animals showed strong fluorescence to both receptors and to alkaline phosphatase in the airway epithelium. This correlated with a large increment in mRNA for P2Y4 and P2Y6 receptors in sensitized animals.ConclusionsNucleotides greatly potentiate the allergic bronchospasm when ectonucleotidases activity is diminished, and this effect is probably favored by the upregulation of P2Y4 and P2Y6 receptors in airway epithelium during sensitization. These results prompt for further research on these mechanisms in human asthma.
Survival rates of short (6 mm) micro‐rough surface implants: a review of literature and meta‐analysis
Authors: Srinivasan Murali , Vazquez Lydia , Rieder Philippe , Moraguez Osvaldo , Bernard Jean‐Pierre , Belser Urs C. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this review was to test the hypothesis that 6 mm micro‐rough short Straumann® implants provide predictable survival rates and verify that most failures occurring are early failures.Materials and methodsA PubMed and hand search was performed to identify studies involving micro‐rough 6‐mm‐short implants published between January 1987 and August 2011. Studies were included that (i) involve Straumann® 6 mm implants placed in the human jaws, (ii) provide data on the survival rate, (iii) mention the time of failure, and (iv) report a minimum follow‐up period of 12 months following placement. A meta‐analysis was performed on the extracted data.ResultsFrom a total of 842 publications that were screened, 12 methodologically sound articles qualified to be included for the statistical evaluation based on our inclusion criteria. A total of 690 Straumann® 6‐mm‐short implants were evaluated in the reviewed studies (Total: placed‐690, failed‐25; maxilla: placed‐266, failed‐14; mandible: placed‐364, failed‐5; follow‐up period: 1–8 years). A meta‐analysis was performed on the calculated early cumulative survival rates (CSR%). The pooled early CSR% calculated in this meta‐analysis was 93.7%, whereas the overall survival rates in the maxilla and mandible were 94.7% and 98.6% respectively. Implant failures observed were predominantly early failures (76%).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis provides robust evidence that micro‐rough 6‐mm‐short dental implants are a predictable treatment option, providing favorable survival rates. The failures encountered with 6‐mm‐short implants were predominantly early and their survival in the mandible was slightly superior.
Prevalence of diabetes in Malaysia and usefulness of HbA1c as a diagnostic criterion
Authors: Wan Nazaimoon W. M. , Md Isa S. H. , Wan Mohamad W. B. , Khir A. S. , Kamaruddin N. A. , Kamarul I. M. , Mustafa N. , Ismail I. S. , Ali O. , Khalid B. A. K. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAimThe prevalence of diabetes mellitus among Malaysians aged ≥ 30 years of age has increased by more than twofold over a 20‐year period. This study aimed to determine the current status and to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of the HbA1c cut‐off point of 48 mmol/mol (6.5%).MethodsUsing a two‐stage stratified sampling design, participants aged ≥ 18 years were recruited from five zones selected to represent Malaysia. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed on all those not known to have diabetes.ResultsA total of 4341 subjects were recruited. By World Health Organization criteria, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 22.9%; of that percentage, 10.8% was known diabetes and 12.1% was newly diagnosed diabetes. Diabetes was most prevalent amongst Indians (37.9%) and Malays (23.8%). Prevalence of new diabetes mellitus was only 5.5% (95% CI 4.9–6.3) when based on the HbA1c diagnostic criteria of 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) and, although the cut‐off point was highly specific (98.1%), it was less sensitive (36.7%) compared with 45 mmol/mol (6.3%), which showed the optimal sum of sensitivity (42.5%) and specificity (97.4%) in identifying new diabetes mellitus.ConclusionThis study recorded an overall diabetes prevalence of 22.6%, almost a twofold increase from 11.6% reported in 2006. This was likely attributable to the higher prevalence of new diabetes (12.1%) diagnosed following an oral glucose tolerance test. An HbA1c of 45 mmol/mol (6.3%) was found to be a better predictive cut‐off point for detecting new diabetes in our multi‐ethnic population.
Prevalence of herbal medicine use by UK patients/consumers: a systematic review of surveys
Authors: Posadzki Paul , Watson Leala K , Alotaibi Amani , Ernst Edzard 
Published: February 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of herbal medicine (HM) use in the UK.MethodsThe databases AMED, CINAHL, COCHRANE, EMBASE and MEDLINE were searched for peer‐reviewed surveys published between January 2000 and September 2011. The authors’ own departmental files were also manually searched for relevant references.ResultsTen surveys were included with a total of 20 601 participants. All surveys had major methodological limitations. Across all surveys, the average prevalence rate for a range of time periods was 37.1% (range 4.8–92.4). One‐year prevalence was provided by just one survey and amounted to 36%. The vast majority of patients did not discuss their use of HM with a conventional healthcare professional. The average incidence rate of adverse effects that was associated with HM use was 15.8%.ConclusionMany UK patients and/or consumers use HM, often without consulting their conventional healthcare professionals. In order to maximise patient‐safety, a full medical history should include questions about HM usage.
Historical foundations of wound healing and its potential for acceleration: dose‐response considerations
Authors: Calabrese Edward J. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis paper provides a detailed historical assessment of the origin and developmental progress of the concept of wound healing and its attempted acceleration from its start in the beginning of the 20th century to approximately 1960. Emphasis is placed on the development of cell culture in the assessment of wound healing and in attempts to validate experimental findings via clinical research. Of particular interest were the observations that wound healing could be accelerated in the 30–50% range with the dose response displaying biphasic characteristics consistent with the hormesis dose‐response model. Such findings set the stage for the hormetic dose‐response revolution that is occurring within the biological and biomedical sciences, including wound healing, whereby considerable research now supports the capacity for endogenous and exogenous agents to accelerate the process of wound healing and its functional performance.
Risk Stratification Following Complex PCI: Clinical Versus Anatomical Risk Stratification Including “Post PCI Residual SYNTAX‐Score” as Quantification of Incomplete Revascularization
Authors: SCHWIETZ THOMAS , SPYRIDOPOULOS IOAKIM , PFEIFFER STEVEN , LASKOWSKI RAFAEL , PALM SYLVIA , DE ROSA SALVATORE , JENS KLOTSCHE , ZEIHER ANDREAS M. , SCHÄCHINGER VOLKER , FICHTLSCHERER STEPHAN , LEHMANN RALF 
Published: February 2013

AbstractBackgroundEuroSCORE and completeness of revascularization predicts long‐term survival after multivessel PCI (MV‐PCI). The SYNTAX‐Score has also been proposed to predict clinical outcome. The prognostic impact of these scores to predict long‐term survival after PCI has not yet been compared.Methods and ResultsLong‐term survival was assessed in 740 patients undergoing MV‐PCI. We calculated EuroSCORE, SYNTAX‐Score, STS‐Score, the clinical SYNTAX‐Score (CSS), and the “post‐PCI residual SYNTAX‐Score.” Mean follow‐up time was 4.5 ± 2.5 years. 341 patients (46%) were treated for ACS (STEMI N = 191; NSTEMI N = 150). 113 patients (15%) underwent PCI of left main coronary artery. The EuroSCORE was significantly lower for stable patients compared to patients with ACS (stable 4.1 ± 4.5, NSTEMI 13.9 ± 13.3, STEMI 18.1 ± 18.7, p < 0.001). The differences in the SYNTAX‐Score were less obvious but even significant (stable 14.9 ± 8.6, NSTEMI 17.8 ± 9.9, STEMI 18.3 ± 9.0; p < 0.001). Patients in the highest tertiles of each risk score experienced a dramatically elevated mortality rate compared to the extremely low mortality rate in the lower tertiles (p log‐rank <0.001). This comparison remained significant for the EuroSCORE and STS‐Score but not for the SYNTAX‐Score, when analysis was restricted to stable patients. The multivariate Cox‐regression‐analysis confirmed the logistic EuroSCORE, EuroSCORE II, and the STS‐Score as independent predictors of long‐term mortality, whereas the SYNTAX‐Score (including residual form) and the CSS had no predictive value.ConclusionThe EuroSCORE and the STS‐Score outperforms the SYNTAX‐Score and the CSS in predicting long‐term survival following MV‐PCI. In addition, the residual SYNTAX‐Score predicts long‐term survival not independently.
Wild Things: Manufacturing Desire in the Urarina Moral Economy
Authors: Walker Harry 
Published: February 2013

ResuménTomando como referencia el caso de los Urarina de Perú, este trabajo investiga la demanda actual por artículos de consumo de los pueblos amazónicos, caracterizándola como una economía del deseo, la cual tiene raíces en las experiencias históricas de la colonización. Las relaciones de “domesticazión,” que durante mucho tiempo, han sido una característica de los encuentros con foráneos, las cuales median entre salvajes y el estado civilizado, han llegado a formar parte central del cuidado dentro de la pareja conyugal. Esto es cada vez más acentuado en el suministro de productos básicos, visto como algo similar a las crías de animales silvestres, y cuya adquisición es una actividad esencialmente masculina. Este proceso incluye al género como un punto clave de articulación entre la economía de subsistencia y el mercado, y demuestra los efectos “decodificantes” del capitalismo, a través del cual las esferas de intercambio se confunden y los deseos se intensifican.
Association of pre‐ and post‐natal parental smoking with offspring body mass index: an 8‐year follow‐up of a birth cohort
Authors: Florath I. , Kohler M. , Weck M. N. , Brandt S. , Rothenbacher D. , Schöttker B. , Moß A. , Gottmann P. , Wabitsch M. , Brenner H. 
Published: February 2013

Summary
What is already known about this subject
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with offspring overweight, but it is still unclear whether this association is due to confounding by parental lifestyle habits or caused by direct effects of intrauterine tobacco smoke exposure.

What this study adds
Maternal smoking during pregnancy was validated by cord serum cotinine measurements and the offspring body mass index was assessed at various ages.
Maternal smoking during pregnancy was significantly associated with offspring body mass index at 8 years of age with a trend for increased body mass index from 4 years of age onwards.
Paternal smoking and smoking of both parents at pre‐ and post‐natal periods was positively associated with offspring body mass index, which suggests residual confounding by lifestyle habits in smoking families rather than intrauterine effects.
BackgroundAlthough many epidemiological studies have shown an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring overweight, it is still under debate whether intrauterine tobacco smoke exposure directly affects offspring obesity or if the association is rather due to confounding by lifestyle factors.ObjectivesThe association of parental smoking habits at pre‐ and post‐natal periods with offspring body mass index (BMI) was investigated, whereas maternal smoking during pregnancy was validated by cord serum cotinine measurements.MethodsMultivariable linear regression analysis, based on the German Ulm Birth Cohort Study of 1045 children born in 2000 with annual/biennial follow‐up until the age of 8 years (n = 609), was conducted.ResultsBMI of offspring from mothers who smoked during pregnancy and non‐smoking mothers differed significantly at 8 years. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with an increase in BMI of 0.73 kg m−2 [95% confidence interval: 0.21–1.25] in 8‐year‐old children after adjustment for multiple potential confounding variables. Both pre‐ and post‐natal smoking of fathers (0.34 [0.01–0.66]/0.45 [0.08–0.81]) and of both parents (1.03 [0.43–1.63]/0.56 [0.14–0.98]) were likewise significantly associated with offspring BMI.ConclusionsThe observed patterns suggest that residual confounding by living conditions in smoking families rather than specific intrauterine exposure to tobacco smoke may account for the increased risk of offspring overweight.
Orgasmic Headache Treated with Nimodipine
Authors: Lee Jea Whan , Ha Yeon Soo , Park Seung Chol , Seo Ill Young , Lee Hak Seung 
Published: February 2013

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Orgasmic headache (OH) is a sudden and severe headache that occurs at the time of or shortly after an orgasm.

Aim
We present the case of typical primary headache associated with sexual activity, especially during an orgasmic period.

Methods
A 34-year-old man complained of sudden and severe headache during sexual activity, or orgasmic period, for 2 months. The headache developed abruptly with an orgasm and then decreased shortly over a period of 4∼8 hours.

Results
Magnetic resonance angiography revealed severe spasm of the M1 segment of both the middle cerebral arteries. He was treated with oral nimodipine (30 mg every 8 hours), which alleviated the headache and prevented its recurrence.

Conclusions
We postulated a pathophysiological relationship between OH and migraine, especially with respect to vasoconstriction, and believe that in such cases, nimodipine may be an effective therapy.
An amoeboid olivine inclusion (AOI) in CK3 NWA 1559, comparison to AOIs in CV3 Allende, and the origin of AOIs in CK and CV chondrites
Authors: Rubin Alan E. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractAn amoeboid olivine inclusion in CK3 NWA 1559 (0.54 × 1.3 mm) consists of a diopside‐rich interior (approximately 35 vol%) and an olivine‐rich rim (approximately 65 vol%). It is the first AOI to be described in CK chondrites; the apparent paucity of these inclusions is due to extensive parent‐body recrystallization. The AOI interior contains irregular 3–15 μm‐sized Al‐bearing diopside grains (approximately 70 vol%), 2–20 μm‐sized pores (approximately 30 vol%), and traces of approximately 2 μm plagioclase grains. The 75–160 μm‐thick rim contains 20–130 μm‐sized ferroan olivine grains, some with 120º triple junctions. A few coarse (25–50 μm‐sized) patches of plagioclase with 2–18 μm‐thick diopside rinds occur in several places just beneath the rim. The occurrence of olivine rims around AOI‐1 and around many AOIs in CV3 Allende suggests that CK and CV AOIs formed by the acquisition of porous forsteritic rims around fine‐grained, rimless CAIs that consisted of diopside, anorthite, melilite, and spinel. Individual AOIs in carbonaceous chondrites may have formed after transient heating events melted their olivine rims as well as portions of the underlying interiors. In AOI‐1, coarse plagioclase grains with diopside rinds crystallized immediately below the olivine rim. Secondary parent‐body alteration transformed forsterite in the rims of CV and CK AOIs into more‐ferroan olivine. Some of the abundant pores in the interior of AOI‐1 may have formed during aqueous alteration after fine‐grained melilite and anorthite were leached out. Chondrite groups with large chondrules tend to have large AOIs. AOIs that formed in dust‐rich nebular regions (where CV and CK chondrites later accreted) tend to be larger than AOIs from less‐dusty regions.
Fracture of maxillo‐zygomatic complex in patient with unilateral trans‐incisive cleft lip/palate: case report
Authors: da Silva de Menezes J.D. , Toledo G.L. , Correa A.P.S. , Carrasco L.C. , Capelari M.M. , Marzola C. , Toledo Filho J.L. 
Published: February 2013

AbstractThis article presents a clinical case of unilateral maxillo‐zygomatic complex fracture in a patient with cleft palate submitted to surgical treatment at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Service of the Bauru Hospital Complex (Brazil). Factors related to the aetiopathogenesis of the entity in question are discussed, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and correct management with the aim of minimising complications and sequelae.
Ecosystem Restoration is Now a Global Priority: Time to Roll up our Sleeves
Authors: Aronson James , Alexander Sasha 
Published: February 2013

AbstractEcosystem restoration is now globally recognized as a key component in conservation programs and essential to the quest for the long‐term sustainability of our human‐dominated planet. Restoration scientists and practitioners are now on the frontline and will be increasingly called upon to get involved in large scale programs addressing immediate environmental crises and challenges. Here, we summarize the advances in mainstreaming ecological restoration in global environmental policy deliberations during the last year, culminating in the recent meeting of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity. We also provide key references for those seeking more information, and set out an agenda as to how the restoration community could respond to and act upon these recent developments. However, we underline the need for caution and prudence; we must not promise more than we can deliver. Thirty years after the emergence of ecological restoration as a scientific discipline and practice, there remain many obstacles and misconceptions about what can be achieved at large scales. Yet, clearly the old adage applies here: nothing ventured, nothing gained.
Origin of the vertically orientated clasts in brecciated shallow‐marine limestones of the Chaomidian Formation (Furongian, Shandong Province, China)
Authors: Van Loon A. J. (Tom) , Han Zuozhen , Han Yu 
Published: February 2013

AbstractNumerous shallow‐marine limestone layers of the Furongian (Late Cambrian) Chaomidian Formation in the Jiulongshan section (Shandong Province, China) are breccias. Some of these breccias show abundant vertical to sub‐vertical clasts. Typically, these clasts end abruptly at the contact plane with the overlying deposit, either abutting the overlying sedimentary bed or via an erosional plane that truncates the clasts. A few exposures show concentrations of clasts that must have been uplifted to the extent that they transgressed the then sedimentary surface or (possibly) penetrated the overlying sediment which, in this case, consists of muds or marls. The clasts tend to show clusters with respect to the enclosing fabric. All clasts are parallel to each other in a specific cluster, while the various clusters may show different orientations of the clasts. It is deduced that both the exceptional position and the exceptional orientation of the clasts must be ascribed to the upward movement of the clasts under the influence of pore water escaping under high pressure through fluidized sediment.
Claiming Queer Territory in the Study of Subcultures and Popular Music
Authors: Taylor Jodie 
Published: February 2013

AbstractFor both the heterosexual and queer subject, subcultural participation and stylistic modes of cultural production and consumption, including popular music, are critical mechanisms aiding in the construction and expression of identity. Yet, in spite of abundant empirical examples of queer music cultures, subcultural studies scholars have paid minimal attention to queer sexualities and their concomitant stylistic modalities. In this article, I claim the importance of queer subterranean music cultures by synthesising significant literatures from various fields of inquiry including cultural sociology, popular musicology and queer studies. To begin, I will briefly clarify to whom and about what queer (theory) speaks. I then go on to offer an overview of subcultural and popular music research paying particular attention to the subaltern queer subject and surveying queer criticism within each field. Accordingly, I discuss various sites of popular music production and subcultural style such as punk and hip‐hop, to show how non‐heterosexual subjects carve space for resistant queer sexualities and merge queer sensibilities with pre‐existing cultural forms. This article consolidates interdisciplinary approaches that will benefit scholars invested in the study of queer subcultures and popular music.