bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Esterification and Amide Formation via Acid‐Catalyzed Dehydration and Ritter Reactions.
Authors: Dawar Pankaj , Raju M. Bagavan , Ramakrishna Ramesha Andagar 
Published: July 2014

AbstractNearly quantitative conversion of carboxylic acids to ester is achieved using acetonitrile as a water trap.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)/(III)‐Catalyzed Rearrangement of Divinyl Ketones and Acyloxyalkynyloxiranes into Cyclopentenones.
Authors: Hoffmann Marie , Weibel Jean‐Marc , de Fremont Pierre , Pale Patrick , Blanc Aurelien 
Published: July 2014

AbstractMultifaceted gold(I/III) catalysts, possessing carbophilic and oxophilic characters, catalyze the formation of hydroxylated cyclopentenones in the Nazarov reaction from activated divinyl ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Hydroarylation of Anilides with Alkynes: An Efficient Route to ortho‐Alkenylated Anilines.
Authors: Manikandan Rajendran , Jeganmohan Masilamani 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAcetanilides react with symmetrical and unsymmetrical alkynes in the presence of a Ru/Ag catalytic system in a regio‐ and stereoselective manner providing ortho‐alkenylated acetanilides.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminative Umpolung of Aldehydes to α‐Amino Anion Equivalents for Pd‐Catalyzed Allylation: An Efficient Synthesis of Homoallylic Amines.
Authors: Ding Lei , Chen Jing , Hu Yifan , Xu Juan , Gong Xing , Xu Dongfang , Zhao Baoguo , Li Hexing 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAldehydes react with diphenylglycine to give lithium salts, which undergo decarboxylation to generate α‐imino anions.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Alkenylation of Aldimines Catalyzed by a Rhodium—Diene Complex.
Authors: Cui Zhe , Chen Ya‐Jing , Gao Wen‐Yun , Feng Chen‐Guo , Lin Guo‐Qiang 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe asymmetric rhodium‐catalyzed addition reaction of potassium alkenyltrifluoroborates to acyclic aldimines provides a reliable and scalable method for the modular synthesis of chiral α‐branched allylic amines.The reactions with different combinations of imines and alkenyl trifluoroborates proceed smoothly affording high yields and excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Heterodinuclear Hemisalen Complexes on a Hexaarylbenzene Scaffold and Their Application for the Cross‐Pinacol Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Miyasaka Akihiro , Amaya Toru , Hirao Toshikazu 
Published: July 2014

AbstractNewly synthesized titanium‐vanadium complexes with undefined structures are applied as catalysts in the cross‐pinacol coupling of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes giving a mixture of diastereomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Alkyne Addition to Aldehydes Catalyzed by Schiff Bases Made from 1,1′‐Bi‐2‐naphthol and Chiral Benzylic Amines.
Authors: Chen Cen , Huang Qingfei , Zou Sheng , Wang Lei , Luan Bao , Zhu Jin , Wang Qiwei , Pu Lin 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBINOL‐based Schiff bases are prepared from 3,3′‐diformyl‐BINOL and chiral benzylic amines and are examined as catalyst for the one‐pot, two‐step reaction of phenylacetylenes and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of ZnEt2.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation Using a Furanoside Monophosphite Second‐Generation Ligand Library: Scope and Limitations.
Authors: Alegre Sabina , Alberico Elisabetta , Pamies Oscar , Dieguez Montserrat 
Published: July 2014

AbstractBy introducing substituents at the C‐3 position of the furanoside moiety novel furanoside monophosphite ligands having a BINOL‐phosphite substituent are developed and their ability as ligand in asymmetric Rh‐catalyzed hydrogenation reactions is successfully examined.
ChemInform Abstract: High Yield Synthesis of D‐Phenylglycine and Its Derivatives by Nitrilase Mediated Dynamic Kinetic Resolution in Aqueous‐1‐octanol Biphasic System.
Authors: Qiu Jian , Su Erzheng , Wang Wei , Wei Dongzhi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe nitrilase mediated enantioselective hydrolysis is combined with an in situ racemization.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed (E)‐Selective Semihydrogenation of Internal Alkynes with Hypophosphorous Acid.
Authors: Chen Tieqiao , Xiao Jing , Zhou Yongbo , Yin Shuangfeng , Han Li‐Biao 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe method is applied to the synthesis of a precursor of the drug resveratrol.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Hiyama Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Alkynyl Halides with Aryltrialkoxysilanes under Aerobic Conditions.
Authors: Tang Jiansheng , Guo Cancheng 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAlkynyl iodide [e.g. (Ic)] is not suited as starting material since homocoupling occurs as side process.
ChemInform Abstract: Sharpless Asymmetric Dihydroxylation as the Key Step in the Enantioselective Synthesis of Spirocyclic σ1 Receptor Ligands.
Authors: Holl Katharina , Schepmann Dirk , Daniliuc Constantin Gabriel , Wuensch Bernhard 
Published: July 2014

AbstractCompound (III) shows a high σ1 affinity, a high eudismic ratio, and also exhibits high selectivity over the σ2 subtype.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Epoxides and N‐Arylaziridines via a Simple Mg‐Barbier Reaction in DMF.
Authors: Oudeyer Sylvain , Leonel Eric , Paugam Jean Paul , Nedelec Jean‐Yves 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThese two one‐pot processes involve less pollutant and more user‐friendly reagents than previously reported methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of C‐Sulfonylated Aziridines from Halomethyl Phenyl Sulfone and N‐tert‐Butanesulfinyl Imines.
Authors: Li Ya , Huang Haiji , Wang Zhen , Yang Fan , Li Desheng , Qin Bo , Ren Xinfeng 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTitle compounds [(III) and (VII)] are efficiently synthesized by using a one‐step aza‐Darzens reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of CF3‐Substituted Lactones via Photoredox‐Catalyzed Carbolactonization of Alkenoic Acids.
Authors: Yasu Yusuke , Arai Yusuke , Tomita Ren , Koike Takashi , Akita Munetaka 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTrifluoromethylative lactonization of both terminal and internal alkenoic acids by photoredox catalysis is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Formal [4 + 1]‐Cycloaddition of Homopropargyl Alcohols to Diazo Dicarbonyl Compounds Giving Substituted Tetrahydrofurans.
Authors: Urabe Fumiya , Miyamoto Shohei , Takahashi Keisuke , Ishihara Jun , Hatakeyama Susumi 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis novel ring closure reaction involves tandem OH insertion/Conia‐ene cyclization under cooperative Rh(II)/Zn(II) catalysis, providing access to substituted tetrahydrofurans with complete (E)‐selection in the case of nonterminal alkynes (XII).
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed ortho‐C—H Oxidation of Arylacetic Acid Derivatives: Synthesis of Benzofuranones.
Authors: Rit Raja K. , Yadav M. Ramu , Sahoo Akhila K. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractOrtho‐acetoxylation and acyloxylation of arylacetic acid derivatives are carried out with the aid of a novel S‐methyl‐S‐pyridylsulfoximine directing group.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Friedel—Crafts Alkylation of α‐Substituted β‐Nitroacrylates: Access to β2,2‐Amino Acids Bearing Indolic All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters.
Authors: Weng Jian‐Quan , Deng Qiao‐Man , Wu Liang , Xu Kai , Wu Hao , Liu Ren‐Rong , Gao Jian‐Rong , Jia Yi‐Xia 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA highly enantioselective Friedel—Crafts alkylation reaction of indoles with acyclic α‐substituted β‐nitroacrylates is developed under the catalysis of a Ni(ClO4)2—bisoxazoline complex, affording chiral indolic β‐nitroesters bearing an all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Alkenyl‐2‐silyloxyindoles in Vinylogous Mannich Reactions: Synthesis of Aminated Indole‐Based Scaffolds and Products.
Authors: Ranieri Beatrice , Sartori Andrea , Curti Claudio , Battistini Lucia , Rassu Gloria , Pelosi Giorgio , Casiraghi Giovanni , Zanardi Franca 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTbs‐Protected oxydienes, derived from enolizable alkylideneoxindoles, serve as extended carbon nucleophiles in Lewis acid‐catalyzed vinylogous Mukaiyama‐type Mannich coupling with both aliphatic and aromatic N‐Boc aminals.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Tandem Acylation—Nazarov Cyclization for the Syntheses of Fused Cyclopentenones.
Authors: Li Ertong , Li Changwei , Wang Jing , Wang Jinqian , Dong Lihong , Guo Xiaohe , Song Chuanjun , Chang Junbiao 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe title method is applied to the synthesis of the natural product bruceolline E (XVI).
ChemInform Abstract: Dearomatization Strategy and Palladium‐Catalyzed Domino Reaction: Construction of Azepino[5,4,3‐cd]indoles from 2‐Alkynylanilines.
Authors: Zheng Chen , Chen Jin Jin , Fan Renhua 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThis synthetic process involves a regioselective meta‐functionalization of 2‐alkynylanilines using a dearomatization strategy and a palladium(II)‐catalyzed domino heterocyclization/Heck reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions of Azomethine Imines with Electron‐Deficient Alkenes: A Facile Access to Dinitrogen‐Fused Heterocycles.
Authors: Li Zhen , Yu Hao , Liu Honglei , Zhang Lei , Jiang Hui , Wang Bo , Guo Hongchao 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe phosphine‐catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of various azomethine imines with electron‐deficient phenylsulfonyl alkenes is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Substrate Control in Enantioselective and Diastereoselective Aldol Reaction by Memory of Chirality: A Rapid Access to Enantiopure β‐Hydroxy Quaternary α‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Viswambharan Baby , Gori Didier , Guillot Regis , Kouklovsky Cyrille , Alezra Valerie 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAn asymmetric aldol reaction memorizing the underlying chirality of the starting amino acid is reported for the first time.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Ring Opening of β‐Phenylglycidate and Aziridine‐2‐carboxylates with N‐Alkylhydroxylamines: Synthesis of Isoxazolidinones.
Authors: Tabarki Mohamed Ali , Besbes Rafaa 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe reaction of oxiranyl esters (I) or analogous azirines (IV) with N‐alkylhydroxylamine anions provides a highly regioselective synthesis of trans‐isoxazolidin‐3‐ones (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Silver Phosphate Catalyzed Transformation of ortho‐Alkynylaryl Ketones into 1H‐Isochromene Derivatives Through an Intramolecular‐Cyclization/Enantioselective‐Reduction Sequence.
Authors: Terada Masahiro , Li Feng , Toda Yasunori 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe synthetic utility of the present method is also demonstrated by the synthesis of 9‐oxabicyclo[3.3.1]nona‐2,6‐diene derivative (IX), a framework in some biologically active molecules.
ChemInform Abstract: 7‐Chloroquinolinotriazoles: Synthesis by the Azide—Alkyne Cycloaddition Click Chemistry, Antimalarial Activity, Cytotoxicity and SAR Studies.
Authors: Pereira Guilherme R. , Brandao Geraldo Celio , Arantes Lucas M. , de Oliveira Haliton A. Jr. , de Paula Renata Cristina , do Nascimento Maria Fernanda A. , dos Santos Fabio M. , da Rocha Ramon K. , Lopes Julio Cesar D. , de Oliveira Alaide Braga 
Published: July 2014

AbstractAll synthesized compounds are screened for their in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum (W2) and cytotoxicity to Hep G2A16 cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Site‐Selective C—H Borylation of Quinolines at the C8 Position Catalyzed by a Silica‐Supported Phosphane—Iridium System.
Authors: Konishi Shota , Kawamorita Soichiro , Iwai Tomohiro , Steel Patrick G. , Marder Todd B. , Sawamura Masaya 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of the corticotropin‐releasing factor1 receptor antagonist (XIII) demonstrates the utility of the presented strategy.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroxypropyl Substituted Nitrogen Bridgehead Fused Cyanopyridines.
Authors: Milokhov Demyd S. , Khilya Olga V. , Turov Alexander V. , Medviediev Volodymyr V. , Shishkin Oleg V. , Volovenko Yulian M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe base promoted Michael addition of substituted acetonitriles to 2‐hetaryl‐2‐(tetrahydro‐2‐furanyliden)acetonitriles followed by ring transformations provides a novel and convenient synthetic access to nitrogen bridgehead fused cyanopyridines bearing a hydroxypropyl side chain.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Heterocyclic Cations for Specific DNA Recognition: From AT‐Rich to Mixed‐Base‐Pair DNA Sequences.
Authors: Chai Yun , Paul Ananya , Rettig Michael , Wilson W. David , Boykin David W. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of key compound (IV) and some derivatives in a convenient reaction sequence and the application in selective DNA recognition experiments is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Dual‐Organocatalyst‐Promoted Asymmetric Cascade Reaction: Highly Efficient Construction of Enantiopure Fully Substituted Tetrahydro‐1,2‐oxazines.
Authors: Lin Hua , Sun Xing‐Wen , Lin Guo‐Qiang 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA four‐component asymmetric α‐aminoxylation/aza‐Michael/Mannich cascade reaction for the construction of fully substituted chiral tetrahydro‐1,2‐oxazine derivatives is accomplished with excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: The Photochemical Reaction of Vinylaziridines and Vinylazetidines with Chromium(0) and Molybdenum(0) (Fischer) Carbene Complexes.
Authors: Rivero Alexandra R. , Fernandez Israel , Sierra Miguel A. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe syntheses of the starting vinylaziridines and vinylazetidines are described as well.
ChemInform Abstract: Acylsilanes in Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Directed Aromatic C—H Alkenylations and Siloxycarbene Reactions with C—C Double Bonds.
Authors: Becker Peter , Priebbenow Daniel L. , Pirwerdjan Ramona , Bolm Carsten 
Published: July 2014

AbstractA Rh‐catalyzed ortho‐directed olefinations of aroylsilanes followed by light‐induced intramolecular cyclizations to indanone derivatives are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Diethyl Fluoronitromethylphosphonate: Synthesis and Application in Nucleophilic Fluoroalkyl Additions.
Authors: Opekar Stanislav , Pohl Radek , Beran Pavel , Rulisek Lubomir , Beier Petr 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe synthesis of the new fluorinated C1 reagent is described and applied in the stereoselective syntheses of novel fluoronitroalkenes by Horner—Wadsworth—Emmons reaction with carbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Prenyleudesmanes, Rare Natural Diterpenoids from Dysoxylum densiflorum.
Authors: Gu Ji , Qian Sheng‐Yan , Zhao Yun‐Li , Cheng Gui‐Guang , Hu Dong‐Bao , Zhang Bao‐Hong , Li Yan , Liu Ya‐Ping , Luo Xiao‐Dong 
Published: July 2014

AbstractTwelve new prenyleudesmanes (I) to (VI), named dysoxydenones A—L, together with one known prenyleudesmane are isolated from Dysoxylum densiflorum.
ChemInform Abstract: Three New Triterpene Saponins from Bolbostemma paniculatum
Authors: Tang Yun , Cao Jia‐Qing , Li Wei , Li Wei , Zhao Yu‐Qing 
Published: July 2014

Abstractisolation and structure determination of two novel noroleanane saponins, tubeimoside A (I) and regioisomeric tubeisomide B, and a new dammarane triterpene saponin, tubeimoside C (II), together with two known compounds
ChemInform Abstract: The Metathesis Reaction for Side Chain Construction in Carbocyclic Sinefungin Analogue Synthesis.
Authors: Chen Qi , Liu Chong , Shulyak Tetyana S. , Schneller Stewart W. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe carbocyclic sinefungin analogs, 6′‐deaminocarboxylic sinefungin (V) and (S)‐6′‐hydroxy‐6′‐deaminocarboxylic sinefungin (VIII), can be obtained by a metathesis reaction as a key step.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Tetrahydroquinoline Acid (I) and a New Racemic Benzofuranone (II) from Capparis spinosa L., a Case Study of Absolute Configuration Determination Using Quantum Methods.
Authors: Zhang Shen , Hu Dong‐Bao , He Jiang‐Bo , Guan Kai‐Yun , Zhu Hua‐Jie 
Published: July 2014

AbstractThe new racemic benzofuranone is separated by HPLC via chiral column to yield enantiomers (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from CO2 and Epoxides Using Ionic Liquids and Related Catalysts Including Choline Chloride‐Metal Halide Mixtures
Authors: He Qing , O'Brien Jeremy W. , Kitselman Kayla A. , Tompkins Lindsay E. , Curtis Gregory C. T. , Kerton Francesca M. 
Published: July 2014

AbstractReview: 115 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Prospective Therapeutic Agents for Obesity: Molecular Modification Approaches of Centrally and Peripherally Acting Selective Cannabinoid 1 Receptor Antagonists
Authors: Sharma Mayank Kumar , Murumkar Prashant R. , Kanhed Ashish M. , Giridhar Rajani , Yadav Mange Ram 
Published: July 2014

AbstractReview: 218 refs.
Enhanced Salt Tolerance of Polyurethane Based Multilayer Films
Authors: Hu Xiaoxia , Xu Jie , Xu Shimei , Wang Jide , Feng Shun 
Published: July 2014

AbstractIn our previous study, polyurethane (PU) based multilayer films assembled with weak polyelectrolytes exhibited controllable loading and release properties, but would be decomposed in high salt solution. Herein, a strong polyelectrolyte, poly(styrene sulfonic acid) sodium (PSS), was introduced to fabricate multilayer films. The salt tolerance of the film was investigated by evaluating the loading and release profiles towards model drug in salt solution with different concentrations. Results showed that the release behavior of the film, as well as its loading capacity, can be tuned by varying the salt concentrations. And the film showed a good salt tolerance that can remain integrity even after 6 cycles of drug loading and release in 600 mmol·L−1 NaCl solution. It showed that the salt tolerance of PU based films can be greatly improved through assembling with strong polyelectrolyte.
Outcome of advanced, unresectable conventional central chondrosarcoma
Authors: van Maldegem Annemiek M. , Gelderblom Hans , Palmerini Emanuela , Dijkstra Sander D. , Gambarotti Marco , Ruggieri Pietro , Nout Remi A. , van de Sande Michiel A. J. , Ferrari Cristina , Ferrari Stefano , Bovée Judith V. M. G. , Picci Piero 
Published: July 2014

BACKGROUNDFor patients who have chondrosarcoma with unresectable disease, because of tumor location, tumor size, or extensive metastatic disease, treatment options are very limited because of their relative resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The overall survival of this patient population is poor; however, specific studies are lacking, and large series have not been published. Therefore, the authors conducted this retrospective, 2‐center study to gain insight into the outcome of patients with advanced, unresectable, conventional central chondrosarcoma.METHODSAll patients with unresectable conventional central chondrosarcoma who were diagnosed between January 1, 1980 and December 31, 2011 in 2 major European bone sarcoma centers (Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands) were selected. Relevant information was collected from the medical records at both centers.RESULTSIn total, 171 patients met the selection criteria. The overall survival rate for all patients was 48% at 1 year, 24% at 2 years, 12% at 3 years, 6% at 4 years, and 2% at 5 years. Patients with unresectable, locally advanced disease without distant metastases had a significantly better survival than patients with metastatic disease (P = .0014). Systemic treatment, consisting of either doxorubicin‐based chemotherapy or the noncytotoxic drugs imatinib and sirolimus, improved survival significantly compared with no treatment (P = .0487). For patients who had locally advanced disease without metastases, radiotherapy was associated with a survival benefit (P = .0032).CONCLUSIONSThis study provides a standard for overall survival rates after a diagnosis of unresectable conventional central chondrosarcoma. Systemic treatment and radiotherapy may improve survival, although selection bias because of the retrospective nature of this study may have influenced the outcome. The poor survival underlines the need for new therapeutic options for this patient population. Cancer 2014;120:3159–3164. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Organotopic organization of the primary Infrared Sensitive Nucleus (LTTD) in the western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox)
Authors: Kohl Tobias , Bothe Maximilian S. , Luksch Harald , Straka Hans , Westhoff Guido 
Published: July 2014

ABSTRACTPit vipers (Crotalinae) have a specific sensory system that detects infrared radiation with bilateral pit organs in the upper jaw. Each pit organ consists of a thin membrane, innervated by three trigeminal nerve branches that project to a specific nucleus in the dorsal hindbrain. The known topographic organization of infrared signals in the optic tectum prompted us to test the implementation of spatiotopically aligned sensory maps through hierarchical neuronal levels from the peripheral epithelium to the first central site in the hindbrain, the nucleus of the lateral descending trigeminal tract (LTTD). The spatial organization of the anatomical connections was revealed in a novel in vitro whole‐brain preparation of the western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) that allowed specific application of multiple neuronal tracers to identified pit‐organ‐supplying trigeminal nerve branches. After adequate survival times, the entire peripheral and central projections of fibers within the pit membrane and the LTTD became visible. This approach revealed a morphological partition of the pit membrane into three well‐defined sensory areas with largely separated innervations by the three main branches. The peripheral segregation of infrared afferents in the sensory epithelium was matched by a differential termination of the afferents within different areas of the LTTD, with little overlap. This result demonstrates a topographic organizational principle of the snake infrared system that is implemented by maintaining spatially aligned representations of environmental infrared cues on the sensory epithelium through specific neuronal projections at the level of the first central processing stage, comparable to the visual system. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:3943–3959, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impacts of alluvial structures on small‐scale nutrient heterogeneities in near‐surface groundwater
Authors: Pöschke Franziska , Lewandowski Jörg , Nützmann Gunnar 
Published: July 2014

AbstractSpatially heterogeneous and temporally variable nutrient concentrations (P, N) in near‐surface aquifers are common and are driven by different factors such as climate, topography, vegetation, sediment compositions, and water level fluctuations. Nonetheless, the identification of discrete areas where similar concentrations patterns can be expected is still difficult, especially in patchy systems such as riparian zones of lowland rivers. To address this challenge, a floodplain aquifer of the river Spree (Germany) has been investigated by sampling groundwater with high vertical and horizontal resolutions. Vertical nutrient distributions measured by multi‐level samplers with a 10 cm resolution indicate a biogeochemical layering of the aquifer. High concentrations in the upper 2 m can be attributed to a local redox gradient, which is induced by water level fluctuations and biological turnover processes, while the layer below is mainly influenced by medium‐scale to large‐scale groundwater flow patterns. High concentration in the upper part of the aquifer enforces groundwater sampling with a high horizontal resolution of 3 m from the near‐surface groundwater. The results compared with highly resolved elevation and sediment data indicate that geomorphological features and water level fluctuations control the thickness of the unsaturated zone and the redox gradient. The strength of the gradient and the amount of degradable organic matter determine the intensity of nutrient release by chemical reactions and biological turnover. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.