bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating Accountable Conversations in Health Care: Balancing Power Dynamics
Authors: Clancy Cheri , Clancy Paige 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTEffective communication is crucial in health care and contributes to safe patient care and organizational excellence. Hierarchical differences can negatively affect communication among clinicians; however, recognizing and addressing power imbalances can improve patient safety. Individuals can feel empowered to express concerns and provide constructive feedback through clear communication with active listening. Perioperative nurses and leaders can use a variety of strategies to enhance accountable (or critical) conversations, such as structured communication models that guide participants through conversations and standardized procedures and tools to enhance the quality of team communication. This article provides an overview of accountable conversations, discusses the importance of structured communication models, and offers scenario‐based examples using two structured models to enhance the reader's understanding. Finally, the article describes cultural competence and the leader's role in developing a culture of accountability.
Hatcheries maintain high genetic variation but show shifts in genetic structure of progenies of five endangered riffleshell species (Epioblasma) (Bivalvia: Unionidae) of the eastern United States
Authors: Jones Jess W. , Ortiz Katlyn , Lane Timothy W. , Colletti Sarah , Leach Tiffany , McGregor Monte , Jacobs Julieann , Hallerman Eric M. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
We assessed genetic variation at mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA microsatellites for progeny (i.e., juveniles produced at a hatchery) of five endangered Epioblasma species reared at three hatcheries in the eastern United States.
The progeny of Epioblasma aureola, Epioblasma brevidens, Epioblasma obliquata and Epioblasma triquetra showed no loss of mtDNA haplotype diversity relative to broodstock (i.e., wild collected gravid females used to produce juveniles) and wildstock (i.e., individuals sampled in the wild to assess baseline genetic diversity), while progeny of Epioblasma capsaeformis showed no loss relative to broodstock but an ~50% loss relative to wildstock.
At DNA microsatellites, mean expected heterozygosities (He) were maintained in wildstock, broodstock and progeny, with the lowest values observed in E. aureola and E. triquetra. Among progeny, values of He and allelic richness (A) at times exceeded those observed in the wildstock and broodstock. Hence, no loss of genetic variation at DNA microsatellites was observed in progeny among species.
We documented multiple paternity in progeny of E. aureola, E. capsaeformis and E. obliquata and in part attribute their high He and A to fertilization of broodstock females by multiple males in the wild.
We observed significant divergence in FST and D values between progeny to wildstock and progeny to broodstock. Most pairwise comparisons for E. brevidens and E. capsaeformis were significantly diverged, and for E. obliquata, divergence was low but also significantly different, and only for E. aureola was it low and nonsignificant.
Our results showed that population genetic structure can develop quickly between progeny and their progenitors in the first generation (F1) of offspring produced from a set of parents and that genetic diversity at mtDNA and nuclear DNA microsatellites was generally maintained in progeny of endangered Epioblasma species reared at three mussel hatcheries utilizing current propagation practices.
Evaluating UAV‐based multispectral imagery for mapping an intertidal seagrass environment
Authors: Elma Eylem , Gaulton Rachel , Chudley Thomas R. , Scott Catherine L. , East Holly K. , Westoby Hannah , Fitzsimmons Clare 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Worldwide seagrass habitats are under severe anthropogenic threat. In the United Kingdom (UK), the health of habitats of the widely distributed Zostera species is particularly threatened by eutrophication that can lead to detrimental macroalgae overgrowth. To manage and conserve seagrass habitats, effective monitoring tools are required.
We use an off‐the‐shelf consumer‐grade multispectral (RGB, red edge, and near‐infrared) camera mounted on an unoccupied aerial vehicle (UAV) to map an intertidal multispecies seagrass environment in Lindisfarne National Nature Reserve, Northumberland, UK.
Field surveys were undertaken of three seagrass areas, including those dominated by Zostera noltii, Zostera marina and macroalgae. Using the Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC), results indicated an overall accuracy (OA) between 84% and 91% across classified habitat maps. As expected, the red edge and near‐infrared bands offered an advantage beyond RGB imagery to discriminate between the vegetation types for accurate habitat mapping.
Our research provides a foundation for accurately mapping a complex intertidal seagrass environment through the utilisation of an off‐the‐shelf multispectral UAV. The study may aid the implementation and development of effective monitoring programmes for the management of Zostera spp. decline and macroalgae proliferation to prevent seagrass degradation and conserve these valuable yet fragile ecosystems.
Bioecological Attributes as Predictors of Global Extinction Risk for Marine Chondrichthyans (Chondrichthyes, Huxley, 1880)
Authors: Oliveira Cicero Diogo L. , da Silva Janaine Conceição , Ladle Richard J. , Batista Vandick S. 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Marine chondrichthyans are experiencing a global decline, but identifying appropriate conservation actions is challenging due to the lack of basic biological information, such as growth parameters and reproduction. In this study, we identify biological and ecological attributes that can be both easily obtainable and are effective predictors of extinction threat.

A bioecological attribute database was constructed for marine chondrichthyan species, including information on maximum length, habitat, reproductive mode, trophic level and conservation status, among others. Data sources included the Shark‐References, IUCN and FishBase databases. Following this, a generalized linear model was built with conservation status as the response variable and bioecological attributes as explanatory variables, and the model's accuracy was tested for each group. Then, the model was applied to species not yet classified (data deficient [DD] or not evaluated [NE]) to determine their probability of extinction risk.

In total, data were compiled for 1225 species of marine Chondrichthyes (537 sharks, 636 rays and 52 chimaeras); approximately 20% of these species are classified as DD or NE. The model demonstrated high accuracy overall: 95% for chimaeras, 77% for rays and 72% for sharks. Our analysis indicates that, among the species that are classified as DD or NE, 58% of rays, 44% of sharks and 66% of chimaeras may be at risk of extinction.

These results clearly demonstrate how bioecological attributes can serve as proxies of extinction risk in Chondrichthyes and provide a solid foundation for conservation planning and prioritization for this ecologically important yet data poor taxon.
Entwicklung der digitalen Bauwerkserhaltung bei Ingenieurbauwerken der Bundesfernstraßen
Authors: Hindersmann Iris , Panzer Regina , Kraus Stefan , Windmann Sarah , Holst Ralph , Nieborowski Sonja , Richter Carl , Marzahn Gero 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIm Rahmen dieses Beitrags werden die Ergebnisse des Workshops „Digitale Bauwerkserhaltung inklusive Bauwerksprüfung“ dargestellt, der im Februar 2024 in Bonn im Bundesministerium für Digitales und Verkehr stattfand. Ziel der Veranstaltung war die Vorstellung marktgängiger Lösungen für eine digitale Bauwerkserhaltung und ‐prüfung und deren zukünftiges Entwicklungspotenzial sowie die Formulierung von Anforderungen für weitergehende Anwendungsfälle und die Unterstützung zukünftiger Entwicklungen. Innerhalb einzelner Workshop‐Sessions wurden mit Teilnehmenden aus Industrie und Verwaltung die Herausforderungen, Potenziale und nächsten Schritte zur Umsetzung zu den Themen Bauwerksprüfung, zerstörungsfreie Prüfungen und Monitoring diskutiert. Im Ergebnis zeigte sich, dass das Fachgebiet der Bauwerkserhaltung ein großes Potenzial hat, durch digitale Technologien unterstützt zu werden. Dies setzt u. a. die Anpassung entsprechender Regelwerke, die Nutzung von Best‐Practice‐Anwendungen, die Integration der digitalen Technologien in den Erhaltungsprozess, die Unterstützung bei dem Aufbau eines Datenmanagementsystems und die Weiterbildung relevanter Prozesse und Arbeitsschritte voraus.
Exploring the pathogenesis of RA through the gut‐articular axis‐dysbiosis a potential factor
Authors: Wang Shuai , Liu Yue , Zou Xingyu , Pan Mengjun , Wan Qing , Chu Xiaoqin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with a complex etiology. It has been suggested that the pathogenesis of RA begins in the mucosa and then transitions to the joints when many factors interact, including microbial dysbiosis, inflammatory responses, and immune abnormalities at the mucosal site. Data from RA animals and patients suggest there are changes in the mucosal microflora before the onset of RA, and that dysbiosis of the mucosal ecology continues to play a role in the development of arthritis. Microbial dysbiosis of the mucosa reduces the normal barrier function of the intestinal tract, promotes inflammatory reactions in the mucosal areas of the intestines, and then activates the intestinal immune cells abnormally to produce a large number of auto‐reactive antibodies that exacerbate arthritis. Current findings do not clarify whether dysbiosis is only a potential trigger for the development of RA. If it is possible to intervene in such microbial changes before the onset of RA, could the clinical symptoms of arthritis be prevented or reduced? Finding new ways to regulate gut flora composition to maintain gut barrier function is an ongoing challenge for the prevention and treatment of RA.
Claudin and transmembrane receptor protein gene expressions are reversely correlated in peritumoral brain edema
Authors: Abuelrub Anwar , Paker Berkay , Kilic Turker , Avsar Timucin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionPeritumoral brain edema (PTBE) has been widely reported with many brain tumors, especially with glioma. Since the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is essential for maintaining minimal permeability, any alteration in the interaction of BBB components, specifically in astrocytes and tight junctions (TJ), can result in disrupting the homeostasis of the BBB and making it severely leaky, which subsequently generates edema.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the functional gliovascular unit of the BBB by examining changes in the expression of claudin (CLDN) genes and the expression of transient receptor potential (TRP) membrane channels, additionally to define the correlation between their expressions. The evaluation was conducted using in vitro spheroid swelling models and tumor samples from glioma patients with PTBE.ResultsThe results of the spheroid model showed that the genes TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5, and TRPV1 were upregulated in glioma cells either wild‐type isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) or the IDH1 R132H mutant, with or without NaCl treatment. Furthermore, TRP genes appeared to adversely correlate with the up regulation of CLDN1, CLDN3, and CLDN5 genes. Besides, the upregulation of TRPC1 and TRPC4 in IDH1mt‐R132H glioma cells. On the other hand, the correlation analysis revealed different correlations between different proteins in PTBE. CLDN1 exhibits a slight positive correlation with CLDN3. Similarly, TRPV1 displays a slight positive correlation with TRPC1. In contrast, TRPC4 shows a slight negative correlation with TRPC5. On the other hand, TRPC3 demonstrates a slight positive correlation with TRPC5, while the non‐PTBE analysis highlights a moderate positive correlation between CLDN1 and TRPM4 while CLDN3 exhibits a moderate negative correlation with TRPC4. Additionally, CLDN5 demonstrates a slight negative correlation with TRPC4 but a moderate positive correlation with TRPC3. Furthermore, TRPC1 have a slight negative correlation with TRPV1, TRPC3 exhibiting a slight positive correlation with TRPC4, and TRPV1 showing a slight negative correlation with TRPC5.ConclusionAs a conclusion, the current study provided evidence of a slight negative correlation between TRPs and CLDN gene expression in PTBE patients and confirmatory results with some of the genes in cell model of edema.
Metastatic Non‐Myofibroblastic Sarcoma Harbouring EML4‐ALK Fusion—Dramatic Response to ALK Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Development of Resistance Mutations
Authors: Wilson Isabella , Qiu Min , Itchins Malinda , Wang Bin , Huang Min Li , Grimison Peter 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAnaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements are rare in non‐myofibroblastic sarcoma and there is limited data on the efficacy of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and mechanisms of resistance in these patients.CaseA 58 year‐old man with metastatic non‐myofibroblastic sarcoma was found to have an EML4‐ALK fusion on molecular sequencing. After progression on first line systemic therapy with doxorubicin, the patient received alectinib, a second generation ALK inhibitor, and had a marked clinical and radiological response. He progressed after 5 months of treatment. Repeat lung biopsy identified the emergence of an ALK I1171N resistance mutation. He was then treated with lorlatinib, again with rapid clinical improvement and significant partial radiological response. He progressed after 4 months, at which time a repeat lung biopsy identified a new ALK kinase domain mutation G1202R. The patient was subsequently treated with chemotherapy, though unfortunately died shortly after due to rapidly progressive disease.ConclusionThis case report adds to a body of evidence demonstrating the potential transformative response to targeted therapy in non‐lung solid organ tumours harbouring ALK fusions. This is the first description tracking the development of resistance mutations in a patient with non‐myofibroblastic sarcoma and questions the utility of the presence of G1202R mutation as a marker of lorlatinib sensitivity in non‐lung ALK rearranged tumours, contrary to experience in lung cancer.
Germline BRCA1‐Mutated Synchronous and Metachronous Pancreatic Acinar Cell Carcinoma With Long‐Term Survival
Authors: Kubo Tomohiro , Ikeda Yuki , Muramatu Joji , Ishikawa Kazuma , Yoshida Makoto , Kukita Kazuharu , Imamura Masafumi , Sugita Shintaro , Sakurai Akihiro , Takada Kohichi 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) is a rare pancreatic neoplasm. Recently, molecular analysis revealed that PACC shows a high frequency of the BRCA1/2 mutation and is likely to be considered a cancer associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). Hereditary cancers, including HBOC, are characterized by multifocal and/or metachronous tumors. However, no case reports exist of germline BRCA1‐mutated synchronous and metachronous PACC.CaseA 58‐year‐old man was diagnosed with synchronous and metachronous PACC at the age of 56 and underwent two surgeries. Ten months after the second surgery, the patient developed multiple liver metastases. Gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel therapy was administered as first‐line chemotherapy. After seven cycles, computed tomography examination revealed progressive disease (PD). Therefore, modified FOLFIRINOX (mFFX) was administered as second‐ line chemotherapy. After 19 cycles of mFFX, comprehensive cancer genomic profiling (CGP) identified a BRCA1 pathogenic variant that was confirmed to be germline origin. Accordingly, we treated the patient with olaparib; however, he was diagnosed with PD after 4 months. He subsequently died 5 years and 9 months after the initial surgery, and 3 years and 10 months after chemotherapy. Based on the genetic data of the patients, his family members received genetic counseling followed by cascade testing. Consequently, the same gBRCA1 pathogenic variant was detected in the son and his surveillance for HBOC‐related cancers was initiated.ConclusionWe diagnosed a 58‐year‐old man with a synchronous and metachronous PACC with germline BRCA1 pathogenic variant. Considering that PACC is likely to have BRCA1/2 mutations responsible for HBOC, we need to be aware of the possible presence of multifocal and/or metachronous tumors in patients with PACC. Additionally, patients with PACC should undergo genetic examinations, which would be beneficial in determining treatment strategies and health care for blood relatives.
Unveiling the Obscure Potential of O‐Carborane Based IFLPs for CO2 Sequestration
Authors: Faizan Mohmmad , Behera Debendra , Chakraborty Madhumita , Pawar Ravinder 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere is necessary to achieve a sustainable environment. However, the thermodynamic stability of the CO2 molecule poses a significant challenge to its capture, necessitating catalysts that can overcome this stability. The emergence of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) has opened a new dimension in the development of organocatalysts for CO2 capture and utilization. To date, various FLPs have been developed for CO2 sequestration, yet the quest for robust FLPs continues. Based on the intriguing electronic effects of the carborane polyhedral, o‐carboranes can be projected as a versatile bridging unit for intramolecular FLPs (IFLPs). In the present work, o‐carborane based IFLPs i. e., 1‐Al(CH3)2–2‐P(CH3)2–1,2‐C2B10H10, 1‐B(CH3)2–2‐P(CH3)2–1,2‐C2B10H10, 1‐Al(CH3)2–2‐N(CH3)2–1,2‐C2B10H10, 1‐P(CH3)2–2‐B(CH3)2–1,2‐C2B10H10 abbreviated as AlP, BP, AlN and BN have been proposed for the activation of CO2 molecule. The density functional theory (DFT) based calculations and thorough orbital analysis have been carried out to extensively study the electronic structure of the o‐carborane unit. The proposed IFLPs were systematically compared with their corresponding phenyl bridged analogues to assess the effect of o‐carborane bridging unit on the reactivity of the acidic and basic sites. The results show that the o‐carborane supported IFLPs are more reactive towards CO2 than the phenyl bridged IFLPs. Also, placing the basic site on the B atom at the 4th position of the o‐carborane bridge rather than the C atom at the 2nd position results in more reactive IFLPs.
Deep learning‐based spectrum sharing in next generation multi‐operator cellular networks
Authors: Mehmood Mughal Danish , Mahboob Tahira , Tariq Shah Syed , Kim Sang‐Hyo , Young Chung Min 
Published: August 2024

SummaryOwing to the exponential increase in wireless network services and bandwidth requirements, sharing the radio spectrum among multiple network operators seems inevitable. In wireless networks, enabling efficient spectrum sharing for resource allocation is quite challenging due to several random factors, especially in multi‐operator spectrum sharing. While spectrum sensing can be useful in spectrum‐sharing networks, the chance of collision exists due to the inherent unreliability of wireless networks, making operators reluctant to use sensing‐based mechanisms for spectrum sharing. To circumvent these issues, we utilize an alternative approach, whereby we propose an efficient spectrum‐sharing mechanism leveraging a spectrum coordinator (SC) in a multi‐operator spectrum‐sharing scenario assisted by deep learning (DL). In our proposed scheme, before the beginning of each timeslot, the base station of each operator transmits the number of required resources based on the number of packets in the base station's queue to SC. In addition, base stations also transmit the list of available channels to SC. After gathering information from all base stations, SC distributes this collected information to all the base stations. Each base station then utilizes the DL‐based spectrum‐sharing algorithm and computes the number of resources it can use based on the number of packets in its queue and the number of packets in the queues of other operators. Furthermore, by leveraging DL, each operator also computes the cost it must pay to other operators for using their resources. We evaluate the performance of the proposed network through extensive simulations. It is shown that the proposed DL‐based spectrum‐sharing mechanism outperforms the conventional spectrum allocation scheme, thus paving the way for more dynamic and efficient multi‐operator spectrum sharing.
Heart failure risk assessment in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy based on the H2FPEF score
Authors: Laenens Dorien , Zegkos Thomas , Kamperidis Vasileios , Wong Raymond C.C. , Li Tony Yi‐Wei , Sia Ching‐Hui , Kong William K.F. , Efthimiadis Georgios , Poh Kian Keong , Ziakas Antonios , Bax Jeroen J. , Ajmone Marsan Nina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to investigate whether the H2FPEF score, which was developed to improve the diagnosis of heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction, is associated with HF outcomes in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).Methods and resultsPatients with HCM and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≥50%) were included from a multicentre registry and the H2FPEF score was calculated. Patients were divided into three groups: low (0–1), intermediate (2–5) and high (6–9) H2FPEF score. The primary combined endpoint was a composite of all‐cause death and HF admissions, while the secondary endpoints were all‐cause death and HF admissions separately. A total of 955 patients were included (age 51 ± 17 years, 310 [32.5%] female). Patients with a high H2FPEF score (n = 105) were more often female, and presented with more symptoms and comorbidities. On echocardiography, patients with a high H2FPEF score had lower LVEF, more impaired diastolic function and more frequently left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. During follow‐up (median 90 months [interquartile range 49–176]), 103 (11%) patients died and 57 (6%) patients had a first HF hospitalization. Event‐free survival rate for the primary combined and secondary endpoints was lower for patients with an intermediate and high H2FPEF score. On multivariate Cox regression analysis, female sex (hazard ratio [HR] 1.670, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.157–2.410; p = 0.006), Asian ethnicity (HR 6.711, 95% CI 4.076–11.048; p < 0.001), ischaemic heart disease (HR 1.732, 95% CI 1.133–2.650; p =  0.011), left atrial diameter (HR 1.028, 95% CI 1.005–1.051; p = 0.016) and intermediate (HR 2.757, 95% CI 1.612–4.713; p < 0.001) or high H2FPEF score (HR 3.689, 95% CI 1.908–7.134; p < 0.001) were independently associated with the primary combined endpoint.ConclusionThe H2FPEF score is independently associated with HF outcome in patients with HCM and may be considered for risk stratification.
Expanding our understanding of Guillain–Barré syndrome: Recent advances and clinical implications
Authors: Ripellino Paolo , Schreiner Bettina , Latorre Daniela 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGuillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare yet potentially life‐threatening disorder of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), characterized by substantial clinical heterogeneity. Although classified as an autoimmune disease, the immune mechanisms underpinning distinct GBS subtypes remain largely elusive. Traditionally considered primarily antibody‐mediated, the pathophysiology of GBS lacks clarity, posing challenges in the development of targeted and effective treatments. Nevertheless, recent investigations have substantially expanded our understanding of the disease, revealing an involvement of autoreactive T cell immunity in a major subtype of GBS patients and opening new biomedical perspectives. This review highlights these discoveries and offers a comprehensive overview of current knowledge about GBS, including ongoing challenges in disease management.