bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the feasibility of using salivary microRNAs as biomarkers to distinguish between chronic stress and childhood trauma in African American young women in an exploratory pilot study
Authors: Holliday Erica , Bagasra Anisah , Bagasra Omar , Pandey Pratima 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe current study assessed the impact of self-reported stress measures on microRNA (miRNA) profiles in saliva exosomes. Saliva is one of the most accessible and non-invasive bodily fluids and exosomal miRNAs in saliva could be useful in (1) measuring stress states and (2) distinguishing between individuals suffering from high levels of chronic stress vs. adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). miRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that act as gene regulators. Several studies have shown differential expressions of certain miRNA in neurological diseases and in stress, post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) and anxiety. Detailed analyses of miRNA expressions and profiling of miRNAs among populations with various exposures to traumatic and life stressors have not been carried out. The goal of our study was to discover miRNAs associated with high chronic stress or childhood trauma.MethodThis study sought to explore miRNA expression in African American young women from a small, southern Historically Black College and University (HBCU). Twelve participants completed the social readjustment rating scale (SRRS), ACEs scale, and saliva collection and were divided into three groups based on ACE and chronic stress score: Low Chronic Stress (LCS; n = 4); High Chronic Stress (HCS; n = 4); High Chronic Stress + High ACEs (HCS+HA; n=4). A custom-made miRNA Taqman-Array tested for fold change in four miRNAs (i.e., miR-19b, miR-187, miR-34a and miR-135-3p).ResultsThere was a significant downregulation of miR-19b (χ2(2, N=12) = 7.42, p &lt; 0.01, η²= 0.915), miR-187 (χ2 (2, N = 12) = 7.36, p &lt; 0.05, η²= 0.598), and miR-34a (χ2(2, N = 12) = 7.42, p &lt; 0.05, η²= 0.60). in both the HCS and the HCS+HA groups vs. LCS. Interestingly, miR-135-3p (χ2(2, N = 12) = 8.00, p &lt; 0.05, η²= 0.67. was upregulated in the HCS group vs. LCS and HCS+LA. Expression for miR-135-3p was not significantly different between LCS + HCS+HA.ConclusionOur analyses shows that miRNA extracted from salivary exosomes can be a reliable biomarker for stress and miR-135a-3p appears to be the most upregulated between LCS and HCS individuals and a potential candidate to corroborate self-reports on self-assessments and predict negative health outcomes. Given that HCS+HA did not show an upregulation of miR-135-3p but had similar expression in the other three miRs compared to HCS group may indicate an adaptive stress response following early life adversity. Further, downregulation in miR-135-3p in individuals with high levels of chronic stress could point to unknown childhood trauma exposure (e.g. closed adoptions, dissociative amnesia, abuse). A major limitation in this study is the small sample size and future directions include determining the predictive validity of these miRNAs in predicting onset of physical and mental health outcomes for early interventions in larger studies.
Epidemiology, outcomes, and risk factors of traumatic brain injury in Bangladesh: a prospective cohort study with a focus on road traffic injury-related vulnerability
Authors: Rahman Farah Naz , Das Sukriti , Kader Manzur , Mashreky Saidur Rahman 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundLow-and middle-income countries bear a disproportionate burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI), with significant consequences for affected individuals and health systems. However, evidence on the incidence, risk factors, and associated vulnerability—particularly from road traffic injuries (RTIs)—remains limited in South Asia, including Bangladesh, which has one of the highest RTI burdens globally. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, health outcomes of TBI, and the vulnerability and risk factors associated with RTI-related TBI in Bangladesh.MethodsA prospective observational cohort study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital from May to June 2017. Data were collected during patient admission and at 30-day follow-up (or discharge). Registered medical practitioners used a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data, including the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), and EuroQol-5D-3L. Descriptive analysis was used to present the incidence, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and pre-hospital care scenarios for TBI. The Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the vulnerability of RTI-related TBI and its predictive factors for mortality.ResultsThe study followed 659 TBI cases. The mean age was 32.3 years, and the majority (80.1%) were male. RTIs were the leading cause of TBI (62%), followed by physical assault (17%) and falls (16%). The mortality rate was 10.3% (n = 68). Patients with RTI-related TBI had 1.95 times higher odds (95% CI 1.21–3.14) of severe GCS scores (&lt;8) and three times higher odds (95% CI 1.59–5.78) of mortality compared to other causes. Predictive factors for mortality included severe GCS (&lt;8) (aOR 8.1, p &lt; 0.01, 95% CI 4.1–16.2), loss of consciousness &gt;1 h (aOR 4.4, p &lt; 0.01, 95% CI 1.4–8.1), and treatment initiation delay &gt;8 h (aOR 2.8, p &lt; 0.01, 95% CI 1.4–5.5). Nearly all patients lacked first aid and emergency transport, and two-thirds were referred from primary and secondary facilities, with one-third receiving no treatment before referral.ConclusionRTI is the most vulnerables, duration of unconsciousness, and treatment delays are key predictors of mortality. These findings can inform policy for prevention and management of TBI in Bangladesh and similar settings.
The global burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to high alcohol use from 1990 to 2021: an analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021
Authors: Niu Chaofeng , Dong Juwei , Zhang Peiyu , Yang Qiwen , Xue Donghua , Liu Birong , Xiao Di , Zhuang Rui , Li Meng , Zhang Lijing 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading global disease burden, with alcohol consumption closely linked to their occurrence. This study analyzes data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) to assess the distribution and trends of high alcohol use-related CVD from 1990 to 2021 across global, regional, and national levels.Materials and methodsWe used the data from the GBD 2021 to conduct stratification by region, country, gender, age, SDI, and disease type in terms of the number of deaths, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized rate of DALYs (ASDR), years lived with disability (YLDs), age-standardized rate of YLDs, years of life lost (YLLs), and age-standardized rate of YLLs to comprehensively assess the burden of high alcohol use-related CVD from 1990 to 2021. All statistical analyses in this study were performed using R statistical software (version 4.1.2).ResultsBetween 1990 and 2021, global deaths, DALYs, YLDs, and YLLs attributable to high alcohol use-related CVD showed notable variation. By 2021, global deaths had doubled compared to 1990, while ASMR, ASDR, age-standardized YLD rate, and YLL rate all declined. Eastern Europe had the highest rates in 2021. Males consistently had higher ASMR, ASDR, YLD, and YLL rates compared to females, with the highest number of deaths occurring in the 70–74 age group, and the 65–69 age group showing the highest DALYs, YLDs, and YLLs. These rates increased with age. Stroke was the most common high alcohol use-related CVD, while ischemic heart disease (IHD) was the least common.ConclusionBetween 1990 and 2021, the overall burden of high alcohol use-related CVD declined globally, though some regions experienced an increase. This highlights the need for continued public health efforts, particularly targeting high-risk regions and populations, to mitigate the impact of alcohol on cardiovascular health.
Nilai Tambah Pengolahan Kopi Biji Salak Sebagai Alternatif Pangan Fungsional Di Desa Harapan Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah
Authors: Kurniati Novitri , Mutmainnah Elni , Wahyuni Selvi 
Published: February 2025

Salak yang banyak yang dimanfaatkan adalah daging buah yang dijadikan berbagai jenis kuliner makanan dan kulit salak dijadikan pupuk, sedangkan biji salak pada kualifikasi tertentu dijadikan sebagai bibit dan sisanya di buang dan tidak ada pengolahan lanjut.
Usaha V- Rini di Desa Harapan Kecamatan Pondok Kelapa Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah Provinsi Bengkulu memanfaatkan biji salak menjadi produk yang memiliki nilai jual cukup tinggi dengan cara mengolah biji salak menjadi bubuk kopi salak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai tambah yang diperoleh dari pengolahan biji salak menjadi bubuk kopi salak. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi kasus pada usaha V-Rini Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode nilai tambah Hayami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai tambah pengolahan kopi biji salak sebesar Rp 57.738,014/kg dengan rasio nilai tambah kopi biji salak sebesar 83,2%.
Kata Kunci : Nilai Tambah, Kopi Biji Salak
Analisis Rantai Pasok Berkelanjutan Hasil Tangkap Ikan Trasak Tpi Lekok Pasuruan Dengan Pendekatan Rapfish
Authors: Suyuti ihsan Suyuti ihsan , Ramadhan Ach Syahri 
Published: February 2025

PT Heksa Artha Sakti merupakan anak perusahaan Heksa Grup, yang bertanggung jawab mendistribusikan semua produk dari Heksa Grub. Kantor distributor PT. Heksa artha sakti terdapat hampir di seluruh indonesia, Di tengah persaingan yang berat di Indonesia, PT. Heksa artha sakti mempunyai pesaing yang memiliki porsi pasar yang sangat besar juga sehingga membuat tidak stabinya penjualan selama enam bulan yang menjadi indikasi akan kebutuhan untuk melakukan evaluasi dan perbaikan manajemen pemasaran perusahaan itu sendiri.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyesuaikan kriteria yang telah dirangking dan ditimbang serta membantu pengambil keputusan dengan visi dan misi perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis SWOT dan Analytic Network Process (ANP). pemilihan strategi perusahaan yang dipertimbangkan pada PT Heksa Artha Sakti ialah Kemampuan managemen perusahaan (0.121335), Perusahaan memiliki sarana yang memadai (0.088277), produk berkualitas tinggi (0.111173), dan menggunakan teknologi yang kurang modern dalam memproduksi (0.081609). keempat subkriteria merupakan Karena berdasarkan hasil analisis prioritas ANP, responden memberikan prioritas tertinggi pada subkriteria tersebut. Hasil analisis prioritas ANP menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan strategi yang tepat untuk perusahaan yaitu prioritas 1 menjalin hubungan dengan customer baru , Perluasan area pemasaran dengan menggunakan teknik penjualan serta menggunakan teknologi yang ada dan melakukan pembelian bahan baku cost sedang kualitas sama memiliki bobot tertinggi berdasarkan nilai limiting yaitu 0.067936, ini membuktikan bahwa penting untuk melakukan perbaikan pada manajemen khususnya pada bidang pemasaran untuk tercapainya tujuan perusahaan.
Penilaian Risiko Postur Kerja dengan Metode Rapid Upper Limb Assessment Pemasangan Part Clip dan Wiring pada Proses Perakitan Dump Truck di PT XYZ Politeknik STMI Jakarta
Authors: Imdam Irma Agustiningsih , Salati Dianasanti , Rahmawan Nadhif , Artanto Yanuar Angkasa , Linuwih Lintang , Widiyana  
Published: February 2025

Proses pemasangan clip dan wiring di lini perakitan dump truck dengan posisi postur kerja operator yang kurang nyaman, sehingga sering terjadinya keluhan akibat kelelahan. Hal ini disebabkan karena pada saat pemasangan part operator harus membungkuk karena terhalang oleh baterai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penilaian postur kerja operator pada saat proses pemasangan clip dan wiring tersebut, sehingga dapat diketahui risiko yang didapat karena kelelahan akibat kerja. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Pada metode ini dimulai dengan menyebarkan kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM) untuk mengetahui keluhan bagian tubuh mana saja yang merasakan sakit dan kelelahan. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran didapat sudut bagian upper arm sebesar 45o - 90o nilai skornya=3, bagian lower arm sudut yang terbentuk 00 – 600 skornya=2, bagian wrist membentuk sudut >15o dengan skor=2. Hasil penilaian tabel RULA berdasarkan sudut yang terbentuk untuk masing-masing bagian, yaitu bagian A skor=7, bagian B skornya 11, dan bagian C skor sebagai akhir=7 termasuk ke dalam risiko tinggi. Rekomendasi yang dapat diberikan untuk risiko tinggi adalah pengamatan dan penerapan perbaikan.
Pengelolaan Sampah di Kelompok Wanita tani Anggrek di Tegal Mraen Sendangadi, Mlati Sleman
Authors: Titop  , Sri Handayani RW  , Titi Laras  
Published: February 2025

Di lingkungan warga Masyarakat tegal maren ada sebagain yang memelihara ayam. Dalam pemeliharaan sebagain besar masih di umbar (dibiarkan berkeliaran di luar} tapi sebagain yang sudah di kendang, selain itu juga ada Masyarakat yang limbah rumah tangga belum dimanfaatakan. Pada hal jika masalah tersebut dikelola akan dapat memberikan tambahan manfaat yang lebih besar. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut disampaikan melalui kelompok tani Wanita Anggrek agar supaya limbah dari rumah tangga maupun pemeliharaan ayam bisa dimanfaat agar dapat meningkatkan pendapataan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk mensosialisasi ini melalui penyuluhan dan juga kunjungan tempat yang sudah mengelola sampah tersebut dan berhasil. Kegiatan tersebut mendapatkan respon yang sangat baik kepada kelompok Tani Wanita Anggrek.
Pengembangan Potensi Kebun Nanas Nusantara (SIBUNATA) Sebagai Desa Wirausaha Untuk Meningkatkan Perekonomian Masyarakat Desa Pedawang Melalui Kegiatan PPK ORMAWA 2024
Authors: Rahayu Bareza , Dwi Rani Silvia  , Saylin Nichlah  , Sekar Pramesti Wulandari  , Silvia Nurul Hikmah  , Sonia Indah Putri  , Aulia Febriyani  , Liana Syanti  , Ega Wahyu Nur  Cahyani  , Femas Aji Kurnia  , Cahya Nofita  , Asti Devi Mutiara Khoirun Nisa  , Laili  Fitriyani  , Dwi Soegiarto  , Muhammad Teguh Kuncoro  
Published: February 2025

Desa Pedawang merupakan salah satu desa di Kecamatan Bae, Kabupaten Kudus, Provinsi Jawa Tengah, Indonesia Desa ini memiliki Kebun Nanas Nusantara yang dijadikan wirausaha oleh Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) Sido Makmur Sejahtera, dan Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Pokdarwis) Singobarong. Namun, Kebun Nanas Nusantara menghadapi masalah utama yaitu belum mencapai keuntungan atau belum profitable baik dari jasa maupun pemasaran. Kebun Nanas Nusantara menghadapi masalah utama yaitu belum mencapai keuntungan atau belum profitable baik dari jasa maupun pemasaran. Pembuatan produk olahan nanas dipilih karena ketersediaan bahan baku lokal serta adanya potensi yang dimiliki Kebun Nanas Nusantara. Tujuan utama adalah memberdayakan masyarakat desa Pedawang melalui sosialisasi, pelatihan, pendampingan usaha dan perluasan pasar lokal sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan ekonomu masyarakat setempat dan kelompok sasaran.
Garcinia mangostana L. Nanoextract Improves Early Inflammatory Phase Bone Fracture Healing in Diabetes Mellitus by Targeting IL-1β and TNF-α: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gregorius Gathot Garudanto  , Yuriz Bakthiar  , MI Widiastuti  
Published: February 2025

Background: Diabetic fracture healing is often impaired due to prolonged and exaggerated inflammation, characterized by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and TNF-α. Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, and nanoformulations may enhance its bioavailability and efficacy. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of Garcinia mangostana L. nanoextract on IL-1β and TNF-α levels during the early inflammatory phase of fracture healing in diabetic models.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for studies published between 2013 and 2024. Studies investigating the effects of Garcinia mangostana L. nanoextracts on IL-1β and TNF-α levels in in vivo or in vitro models of diabetic fracture healing were included. Data on cytokine levels, fracture healing parameters (where available), and study characteristics were extracted. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic.
Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis revealed that Garcinia mangostana L. nanoextract significantly reduced IL-1β levels (SMD = -2.85, 95% CI: -3.97 to -1.73, p < 0.00001; I² = 88%) and TNF-α levels (SMD = -2.14, 95% CI: -3.08 to -1.20, p < 0.00001; I² = 82%) compared to control groups in diabetic fracture healing models. Subgroup analyses indicated significant reductions in both in vivo and in vitro studies.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis provides evidence that Garcinia mangostana L. nanoextract significantly reduces IL-1β and TNF-α levels during the early inflammatory phase of fracture healing in diabetic models. These findings suggest that Garcinia mangostana L. nanoextract holds therapeutic potential for improving fracture healing outcomes in individuals with diabetes mellitus.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНА ПІДТРИМКА УКРАЇНЦІВ В НІМЕЧЧИНІ: ПІДСУМКИ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКО-НІМЕЦЬКОГО БЛАГОДІЙНОГО ПРОЄКТУ
Authors: Креденцер Оксана Валеріївна 
Published: February 2025

У статті представлено основні результати діяльності благодійного проєкту «Соціально-психологічна підтримка українців у Німеччині», створеного спільними зусиллями німецьких та українських фахівців із метою надання підтримки українцям, які перебувають в Німеччині внаслідок війни в Україні.Організаторами проєкту виступили німецька організація Malteser (PSU UKR 22), Інститут психології імені Г.С. Костюка НАПН України (лабораторія організаційної та соціальної психології) та Українська Асоціація організаційних психологів та психологів праці.Проєкт реалізовано з квітня 2022 р. по жовтень 2024 р. упродовж трьох етапів: підготовчого, стабілізуючого та розвивального. Кожний етап включав свої специфічні форми та напрями роботи і мав відповідні ефективні результати. Усі поставлені завдання проєкту виконано. Проєкт показав свою ефективність та високу результативність. Концепцію його діяльності може бути екстрапольовано на інші види та форми психологічних інституцій для здійснення психологічної допомоги населення в умовах різного виду соціальних криз.
Comment l’archiprêtre Avvakum apprit à Remizov la « langue russe naturelle »
Authors: Dyachenko-Escalle Liliya 
Published: February 2025

Cet article a pour but d’étudier comment l’écrivain russe Aleksej Remizov (1877‑1957) a emprunté à l’archiprêtre Avvakum la formule de « langue russe naturelle » (prirodnyj russkij jazyk) pour la placer au centre de ses recherches esthétiques et de ses réflexions sur la langue et la Russie. Si Avvakum fait l’éloge de la langue russe maternelle et vernaculaire pour l’opposer à la langue savante propre aux écrits de son époque, au milieu du xxe siècle cette expression acquiert bien d’autres connotations. Pour étudier ce que Remizov entend par « langue naturelle », l’A. aborde l’histoire de son intérêt pour la Vie de l’archiprêtre Avvakum lors de son exil à Paris et son insistance sur les liens presque mystiques qu’il a tissés avec cette œuvre depuis son enfance. Sont également analysées les tentatives remizoviennes de théoriser la « langue naturelle », motivées par le rêve de retrouver une sorte d’authenticité de la langue et de l’identité nationales.
Extraits de la correspondance de Pierre Pascal avec ses amis romains
Authors: Chichkine Andrei 
Published: February 2025

Cet article présente un choix de lettres tiré de la correspondance de Pierre Pascal avec la famille du poète symboliste Vjačeslav Ivanov (1866-1949) : ses enfants, Dimitrij et Lidija Ivanov et Olʹga Šor, sa compagne en émigration. Les archives romaines de Vjačeslav Ivanov contiennent plus de cent cinquante lettres du slaviste, couvrant les années 1955-1981. Elles concernent les sujets les plus divers : la vie littéraire contemporaine, la religion et la culture, l’athéisme et le marxisme, les répressions en URSS. Elles évoquent également Dostoevskij et Solženicyn, ou le milieu universitaire. Elles abordent des problèmes religieux en général, ainsi que des questions pratiques liées à la publication et à l’interprétation des œuvres de Vjačeslav Ivanov. L’article est complété par un bref descriptif du Fonds Pascal des archives romaines d’Ivanov.
Clinico-genetic Analysis of Adenosine Signaling Pathway in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
Authors: Dhiman Vikas , Karan Kalpita , Satischandra Parthasarathy , Mahadevan Anita , Arimappamagan Arivazhagan , Bharath Rose D , Raj Dharma , Thennarasu Kandavel , Viswanathan Lakshminarayanpuram G , Mundlamuri Ravindranadh , Kenchaiah Raghavendra , Asranna Ajay , Saini Jitender , Rajeswaran Jamuna R , Kumar Keshav , Rao Malla Bhaskara , Anand Anuranjan , Sinha Sanjib 
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives:
The adenosine pathway in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) due to hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is largely unexplored. The present study aims to provide new insights into the role of adenosine pathway in patients with DRE associated with HS (DRE-HS).

Methods:
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze 10 genes involved in adenosine pathway (ADARB1, ADK, NT5E, ADORA1, C-FOS, C-MYC, CREB1, C-JUN, NF-kB1, and MAPK) in surgically resected sclerosed hippocampi (n = 37) and compare their expressions with control hippocampi (n = 38) obtained from the autopsy. Expression analyses were also carried out in peripheral blood of 20 matched patients and 30 healthy controls.

Results:

C-JUN, NT5E, C-FOS, ADARB1, and ADORA1 were significantly upregulated in the hippocampus, whereas in blood, C-JUN, NT5E, C-FOS, and ADORA1 were significantly downregulated. ADARB1, NF-kB1, MAPK1, C-FOS, and CREB1 showed the reverse direction of expressions in post-surgery blood samples. On clinico-genetic analysis, MAPK1 and ADARB1 correlated with neuronal dispersion in the dentate gyrus (P = 0.02 and 0.03, respectively) and C-JUN correlated with neuronal loss in CA1 (P = 0.01) and CA4 (P = 0.04) areas. In blood, MAPK1, NF-kB1, and C-FOS expressions correlated negatively with the age of onset of seizures (P = 0.02, 0.03, and 0.03, respectively). In addition, ADARB1 expression correlated with neuronal loss in CA3 and CA4 areas (P ≤ 0.001 and 0.04, respectively).

Conclusion:
Genes with similar expression patterns in the brain and peripheral blood are potential biomarkers in DRE-HS. Significant clinico-genetic correlations warrant further studies for developing novel therapeutic interventions.
Anatomical considerations, testicular, and scrotal anatomy of nonobstructive azoospermia patients
Authors: Lin Hao-Cheng , Chen Yan , Fang Yang-Yi , Hong Kai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Infertility, defined as the inability to conceive after 1 year of regular unprotected intercourse, impacts 10%–20% of couples globally. Both male and female factors contribute equally to this condition. Azoospermia, particularly nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA), which affects 10%–15% of infertile men, represents a significant challenge in male infertility. The advent of assisted reproductive technology (ART), specifically microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) followed by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), offers a possibility for men with NOA to father biological children. Recent studies have focused on the predictors of sperm retrieval in NOA patients, such as age, testicular volume, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level. This review aims to explore the limited data on the anatomical characteristics of NOA patients and provide surgical considerations for micro-TESE, thereby enhancing understanding and improving outcomes for this challenging condition.