bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TIF1γ Suppresses Tumor Progression by Regulating Mitotic Checkpoints and Chromosomal Stability
Authors: Pommier Roxane M. , Gout Johann , Vincent David F. , Alcaraz Lindsay B. , Chuvin Nicolas , Arfi Vanessa , Martel Sylvie , Kaniewski Bastien , Devailly Guillaume , Fourel Geneviève , Bernard Pascal , Moyret-Lalle Caroline , Ansieau Stéphane , Puisieux Alain , Valcourt Ulrich , Sentis Stéphanie , Bartholin Laurent 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The transcription accessory factor TIF1γ/TRIM33/RFG7/PTC7/Ectodermin functions as a tumor suppressor that promotes development and cellular differentiation. However, its precise function in cancer has been elusive. In the present study, we report that TIF1γ inactivation causes cells to accumulate chromosomal defects, a hallmark of cancer, due to attenuations in the spindle assembly checkpoint and the post-mitotic checkpoint. TIF1γ deficiency also caused a loss of contact growth inhibition and increased anchorage-independent growth in vitro and in vivo. Clinically, reduced TIF1γ expression in human tumors correlated with an increased rate of genomic rearrangements. Overall, our work indicates that TIF1γ exerts its tumor-suppressive functions in part by promoting chromosomal stability. Cancer Res; 75(20); 4335–50. ©2015 AACR.
High-Resolution Rapid Diagnostic Imaging of Whole Prostate Biopsies Using Video-Rate Fluorescence Structured Illumination Microscopy
Authors: Wang Mei , Kimbrell Hillary Z. , Sholl Andrew B. , Tulman David B. , Elfer Katherine N. , Schlichenmeyer Tyler C. , Lee Benjamin R. , Lacey Michelle , Brown J. Quincy 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Rapid assessment of prostate core biopsy pathology at the point-of-procedure could provide benefit in a variety of clinical situations. Even with advanced transrectal ultrasound guidance and saturation biopsy protocols, prostate cancer can be missed in up to half of all initial biopsy procedures. In addition, collection of tumor specimens for downstream histologic, molecular, and genetic analysis is hindered by low tumor yield due to inability to identify prostate cancer grossly. However, current point-of-procedure pathology protocols, such as frozen section analysis (FSA), are destructive and too time- and labor-intensive to be practical or economical. Ex vivo microscopy of the excised specimens, stained with fast-acting fluorescent histology dyes, could be an attractive nondestructive alternative to FSA. In this work, we report the first demonstration of video-rate structured illumination microscopy (VR-SIM) for rapid high-resolution diagnostic imaging of prostate biopsies in realistic point-of-procedure timeframes. Large mosaic images of prostate biopsies stained with acridine orange are rendered in seconds and contain excellent contrast and detail, exhibiting close correlation with corresponding hematoxylin and eosin histology. A clinically relevant review of VR-SIM images of 34 unfixed and uncut prostate core biopsies by two independent pathologists resulted in an area under the receiver operative curve (AUC) of 0.82–0.88, with a sensitivity ranging from 63% to 88% and a specificity ranging from 78% to 89%. When biopsies contained more than 5% tumor content, the sensitivity improved to 75% to 92%. The image quality, speed, minimal complexity, and ease of use of VR-SIM could prove to be features in favor of adoption as an alternative to destructive pathology at the point-of-procedure. Cancer Res; 75(19); 4032–41. ©2015 AACR.
Ligand-Independent EGFR Signaling
Authors: Guo Gao , Gong Ke , Wohlfeld Bryan , Hatanpaa Kimmo J. , Zhao Dawen , Habib Amyn A. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Constitutive activation of the EGFR is common in cancer due to EGFR wild-type (EGFRwt) overexpression or the presence of mutant EGFR. Signaling by constitutively active NSCLC EGFR mutants or the EGFRvIII mutant in glioblastoma has been studied intensively and the downstream signals are known. Normally, the EGFRwt is activated when it is exposed to ligand, resulting in activation of canonical signals such as ERK and Akt. The EGFRwt also becomes tyrosine phosphorylated and constitutively activated without ligand when it is overexpressed, but downstream signals are unclear. Recent studies have identified a noncanonical form of signaling triggered by EGFRwt exclusively in the absence of ligand that does not involve ERK or Akt activation but, instead, results in activation of the transcription factor IRF3. The addition of ligand turns off IRF3-dependent transcription and activates ERK and Akt. Thus, the EGFR triggers distinct and mutually exclusive signaling networks, depending on the presence of ligand. Furthermore, noncanonical EGFRwt signaling may influence response to treatment in cancer. Also, there are reports of both synergistic and antagonistic interactions between ligand-dependent EGFRwt and EGFRvIII signaling. Here, we discuss ligand-independent EGFR signal transduction by oncogenic EGFR mutants and EGFRwt, and review the interplay between EGFRwt and EGFRvIII. Cancer Res; 75(17); 3436–41. ©2015 AACR.
Risk of Sex-Specific Cancers in Opposite-Sex and Same-Sex Twins in Denmark and Sweden
Authors: Ahrenfeldt Linda J. , Skytthe Axel , Möller Sören , Czene Kamila , Adami Hans-Olov , Mucci Lorelei A. , Kaprio Jaakko , Petersen Inge , Christensen Kaare , Lindahl-Jacobsen Rune 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence shows that some cancers originate in utero. It is hypothesized that elevated exposure to some steroid hormones might increase cancer risk and that hormone transfer between twin fetuses could result in different prenatal exposure to testosterone.
Methods: This large-scale prospective twin study compared opposite-sex (OS) and same-sex (SS) twins to test the impact of intrauterine exposures on cancer risk. On the basis of the Danish and Swedish twin and cancer registries, we calculated incidence rate ratios for OS and SS twins, whereas standardized incidence ratios (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for OS/SS twins compared with the general population.
Results: A total of 18,001 cancers were identified during 1943–2009. No significant differences were observed between OS and SS twins, neither for the sex-specific cancers nor for cancer at all sites. All-cause cancer was slightly reduced for OS and SS twins compared with the general population, significant for OS males (SIR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.92–0.98) and for SS males and females (SIR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94–0.99).
Conclusions: Our data suggest that having a male co-twin—which may entail higher exposure to prenatal testosterone—does not increase the risk of sex-specific cancers in OS females. Furthermore, the study supports that twinning per se is not a risk factor of cancer.
Impact: Findings are reassuring, as they fail to provide evidence for the hypothesis that endocrine or other difference in the in utero milieu affects the risk of sex-specific cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(10); 1622–8. ©2015 AACR.
EphA2 Expression Is a Key Driver of Migration and Invasion and a Poor Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Dunne Philip D. , Dasgupta Sonali , Blayney Jaine K. , McArt Darragh G. , Redmond Keara L. , Weir Jessica-Anne , Bradley Conor A. , Sasazuki Takehiko , Shirasawa Senji , Wang Tingting , Srivastava Supriya , Ong Chee Wee , Arthur Ken , Salto-Tellez Manuel , Wilson Richard H. , Johnston Patrick G. , Van Schaeybroeck Sandra 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Purpose: EphA2, a member of the Eph receptor tyrosine kinases family, is an important regulator of tumor initiation, neovascularization, and metastasis in a wide range of epithelial and mesenchymal cancers; however, its role in colorectal cancer recurrence and progression is unclear.
Experimental Design: EphA2 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry in stage II/III colorectal tumors (N = 338), and findings correlated with clinical outcome. The correlation between EphA2 expression and stem cell markers CD44 and Lgr5 was examined. The role of EphA2 in migration/invasion was assessed using a panel of KRAS wild-type (WT) and mutant (MT) parental and invasive colorectal cancer cell line models.
Results: Colorectal tumors displayed significantly higher expression levels of EphA2 compared with matched normal tissue, which positively correlated with high CD44 and Lgr5 expression levels. Moreover, high EphA2 mRNA and protein expression were found to be associated with poor overall survival in stage II/III colorectal cancer tissues, in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Preclinically, we found that EphA2 was highly expressed in KRASMT colorectal cancer cells and that EphA2 levels are regulated by the KRAS-driven MAPK and RalGDS-RalA pathways. Moreover, EphA2 levels were elevated in several invasive daughter cell lines, and downregulation of EphA2 using RNAi or recombinant EFNA1 suppressed migration and invasion of KRASMT colorectal cancer cells.
Conclusions: These data show that EpHA2 is a poor prognostic marker in stage II/III colorectal cancer, which may be due to its ability to promote cell migration and invasion, providing support for the further investigation of EphA2 as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. Clin Cancer Res; 22(1); 230–42. ©2015 AACR.
Cryoballoon Versus Open Irrigated Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Luik Armin , Radzewitz Andrea , Kieser Meinhard , Walter Marlene , Bramlage Peter , Hörmann Patrick , Schmidt Kerstin , Horn Nicolas , Brinkmeier-Theofanopoulou Maria , Kunzmann Kevin , Riexinger Tobias , Schymik Gerhard , Merkel Matthias , Schmitt Claus 
Published: August 2015

Background—
There is a lack of data on the comparative efficacy and procedural safety of open irrigated radiofrequency (RF) and cryoballoon catheter (CB) ablation for pulmonary vein isolation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Methods and Results—

In a prospective, noninferiority study, 315 patients were randomly assigned to RF (n=159) or CB (n=156) ablation. The primary end point was freedom from atrial arrhythmia with absence of persistent complications. Patients were largely comparable between groups with more vascular disease in the RF group (8.2% versus 2.6% for CB;
P
=0.028). The primary end point at 12 months was achieved by 70.7% with RF and 73.6% with CB (multiple procedure success), including 31 redo procedures in each group (19.5% of RF versus 19.9% of CB;
P
=0.933). For the intention-to-treat population, noninferiority of CB was revealed for the predefined inferiority margin (risk difference, 0.029; 95% confidence interval, −0.074 to 0.132;
P
<0.001). Rates at 6 months were 63.1% and 64.1% for the RF and CB groups (single procedure success), and noninferiority was confirmed (risk difference, 0.010; 95% confidence interval, −0.097 to 0.116;
P
=0.002). Periprocedural complications for the index procedure were more frequent in the CB group (5.0% RF, 12.2% CB;
P
=0.022) with a significant difference in phrenic nerve palsies (0% RF, 5.8% CB;
P
=0.002).

Conclusion—
This large, prospective, randomized, controlled study demonstrates noninferiority of CB ablation versus RF ablation for treating patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00774566.
Outcome Reporting in Cardiac Surgery Trials: Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal
Authors: Goldfarb Michael , Drudi Laura , Almohammadi Mohammad , Langlois Yves , Noiseux Nicolas , Perrault Louis , Piazza Nicolo , Afilalo Jonathan 
Published: August 2015

Background
There is currently no accepted standard for reporting outcomes following cardiac surgery. The objective of this paper was to systematically review the literature to evaluate the current use and definition of perioperative outcomes reported in cardiac surgery trials.

Methods and Results
We reviewed 5 prominent medical and surgical journals on Medline from January 1, 2010, to June 30, 2014, for randomized controlled trials involving coronary artery bypass grafting and/or valve surgery. We identified 34 trials meeting inclusion criteria. Sample sizes ranged from 57 to 4752 participants (median 351). Composite end points were used as a primary outcome in 56% (n=19) of the randomized controlled trials and as a secondary outcome in 12% (n=4). There were 14 different composite end points. Mortality at any time (all‐cause and/or cardiovascular) was reported as an individual end point or as part of a combined end point in 82% (n=28), myocardial infarction was reported in 68% (n=23), and bleeding was reported in 24% (n=8). Patient‐centered outcomes, such as quality of life and functional classification, were reported in 29% (n=10). Definition of clinical events such as myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure, and bleeding varied considerably among trials, particularly for postoperative myocardial infarction and bleeding, for which 8 different definitions were used for each.

Conclusions
Outcome reporting in the cardiac surgery literature is heterogeneous, and efforts should be made to standardize the outcomes reported and the definitions used to ascertain them. The development of standardizing outcome reporting is an essential step toward strengthening the process of evidence‐based care in cardiac surgery.
A new genus and two new species of Rhopalophorini Blanchard, 1845 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae)
Authors: MARTINS UBIRAJARA R. , GALILEO MARIA HELENA M. , SANTOS-SILVA ANTONIO 
Published: August 2015

A new genus and two new species of Rhopalophorini Blanchard, 1845 are described, and figured: Allorhopaliella boliviana, gen. nov, sp. nov., from Bolivia; and Rhopalophora peruana sp. nov., from Peru. The new species of Rhopalophora Audinet-Serville, 1834 is included in a previous key.
The North Pacific–Driven Severe Midwest Winter of 2013/14
Authors: Marinaro Alan , Hilberg Steve , Changnon David , Angel James R. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe severe 2013/14 winter (December–March) in the Midwest was dominated by a persistent atmospheric circulation pattern anchored to a North Pacific Ocean that was much warmer than average. Strong teleconnection magnitudes of the eastern Pacific oscillation (−EPO), tropical Northern Hemisphere pattern (+TNH), and second-lowest Hudson Bay 500-hPa geopotential height field are indicators that led to severe winter weather across the eastern United States. Unlike in previous cold and snowy midwestern winters, Atlantic Ocean blocking played little to no role in the winter of 2013/14. The primary atmospheric feature of the 2013/14 winter was the 500-hPa high pressure anchored over the North Pacific in response to the extremely warm sea surface temperature anomalies observed of +3.7 standard deviations. Only one other severe midwestern winter (1983/84) since 1950 featured a similar Pacific blocking. The accumulated winter season severity index, which is a metric that combines daily snowfall, snow depth, and temperature data for the winter season, was used to compare the 2013/14 winter with past winters since 1950. Detroit, Michigan, and Duluth, Minnesota, experienced their worst winter of the 55-yr period. Seven climate divisions in northern Illinois, eastern Iowa, and parts of Wisconsin experienced record-cold mean temperatures. These climate conditions were associated with a number of impacts, including a disruption to the U.S. economy, the second-highest ice coverage of the Great Lakes since 1973, and a flight-cancellation rate that had not been seen in 25 years.
Reassessing Conceptual Models of ENSO
Authors: Graham Felicity S. , Brown Jaclyn N. , Wittenberg Andrew T. , Holbrook Neil J. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
The complex nature of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is often simplified through the use of conceptual models, each of which offers a different perspective on the ocean–atmosphere feedbacks underpinning the ENSO cycle. One theory, the unified oscillator, combines a variety of conceptual frameworks in the form of a coupled system of delay differential equations. The system produces a self-sustained oscillation on interannual time scales. While the unified oscillator is assumed to provide a more complete conceptual framework of ENSO behaviors than the models it incorporates, its formulation and performance have not been systematically assessed. This paper investigates the accuracy of the unified oscillator through its ability to replicate the ENSO cycle modeled by flux-forced output from the Australian Community Climate and Earth-System Simulator Ocean Model (ACCESS-OM). The anomalous sea surface temperature equation reproduces the main features of the corresponding tendency modeled by ACCESS-OM reasonably well. However, the remaining equations for the thermocline depth anomaly and zonal wind stress anomalies are unable to accurately replicate the corresponding tendencies in ACCESS-OM. Modifications to the unified oscillator, including a diagnostic form of the zonal wind stress anomaly equations, improve its ability to emulate simulated ENSO tendencies. Despite these improvements, the unified oscillator model is less adept than the delayed oscillator model it incorporates in capturing ENSO behavior in ACCESS-OM, bringing into question its usefulness as a unifying ENSO framework.
Seasonality in Prediction Skill and Predictable Pattern of Tropical Indian Ocean SST
Authors: Zhu Jieshun , Huang Bohua , Kumar Arun , Kinter III James L. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Seasonality of sea surface temperature (SST) predictions in the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) was investigated using hindcasts (1982–2009) made with the NCEP Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2). CFSv2 produced useful predictions of the TIO SST with lead times up to several months. A substantial component of this skill was attributable to signals other than the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD). The prediction skill of the IOD index, defined as the difference between the SST anomaly (SSTA) averaged over 10°S–0°, 90°–110°E and 10°S–10°N, 50°–70°E, had strong seasonality, with high scores in the boreal autumn. In spite of skill in predicting its two poles with longer leads, CFSv2 did not have skill significantly better than persistence in predicting IOD. This was partly because the seasonal nature of IOD intrinsically limits its predictability.
The seasonality of the predictable patterns of the TIO SST was further explored by applying the maximum signal-to-noise (MSN) empirical orthogonal function (EOF) method to the predicted SSTA in March and October, respectively. The most predictable pattern in spring was the TIO basin warming, which is closely associated with El Niño. The basin mode, including its associated atmospheric anomalies, can be predicted at least 9 months ahead, even though some biases were evident. On the other hand, the most predictable pattern in fall was characterized by the IOD mode. This mode and its associated atmospheric variations can be skillfully predicted only 1–2 seasons ahead. Statistically, the predictable IOD mode coexists with El Niño; however, the 1994 event in a non-ENSO year (at least not a canonical ENSO year) can also be predicted at least 3 months ahead by CFSv2.
Gridded Ensemble Precipitation and Temperature Estimates for the Contiguous United States
Authors: Newman Andrew J. , Clark Martyn P. , Craig Jason , Nijssen Bart , Wood Andrew , Gutmann Ethan , Mizukami Naoki , Brekke Levi , Arnold Jeff R. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Gridded precipitation and temperature products are inherently uncertain because of myriad factors, including interpolation from a sparse observation network, measurement representativeness, and measurement errors. Generally uncertainty is not explicitly accounted for in gridded products of precipitation or temperature; if it is represented, it is often included in an ad hoc manner. A lack of quantitative uncertainty estimates for hydrometeorological forcing fields limits the application of advanced data assimilation systems and other tools in land surface and hydrologic modeling. This study develops a gridded, observation-based ensemble of precipitation and temperature at a daily increment for the period 1980–2012 for the conterminous United States, northern Mexico, and southern Canada. This allows for the estimation of precipitation and temperature uncertainty in hydrologic modeling and data assimilation through the use of the ensemble variance. Statistical verification of the ensemble indicates that it has generally good reliability and discrimination of events of various magnitudes but has a slight wet bias for high threshold events (&gt;50 mm). The ensemble mean is similar to other widely used hydrometeorological datasets but with some important differences. The ensemble product produces a more realistic occurrence of precipitation statistics (wet day fraction), which impacts the empirical derivation of other fields used in land surface and hydrologic modeling. In terms of applications, skill in simulations of streamflow in 671 headwater basins is similar to other coarse-resolution datasets. This is the first version, and future work will address temporal correlation of precipitation anomalies, inclusion of other data streams, and examination of topographic lapse rate choices.
Improved Surface Velocity and Trajectory Estimates in the Gulf of Mexico from Blended Satellite Altimetry and Drifter Data
Authors: Berta Maristella , Griffa Annalisa , Magaldi Marcello G. , Özgökmen Tamay M. , Poje Andrew C. , Haza Angelique C. , Olascoaga M. Josefina 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis study investigates the results of blending altimetry-based surface currents in the Gulf of Mexico with available drifter observations. Here, subsets of trajectories obtained from the near-simultaneous deployment of about 300 Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment (CODE) surface drifters provide both input and control data. The fidelity of surface velocity fields are measured in the Lagrangian frame by a skill score that compares the separation between observed and hindcast trajectories to the observed absolute dispersion. Trajectories estimated from altimetry-based velocities provide satisfactory average results (skill score > 0.4) in large (~100 km) open-ocean structures. However, the distribution of skill score values within these structures is quite variable. In the DeSoto Canyon and on the shelf where smaller-scale structures are present, the overall altimeter skill score is typically reduced to less than 0.2. After 3 days, the dataset-averaged distance between hindcast and drifter trajectories, , is about 45 km—only slightly less than the average dispersion of the observations, km. Blending information from a subset of drifters via a variational method leads to significant improvements in all dynamical regimes. Skill scores typically increase to 0.8 with reduced to less than half of . Blending available drifter information with altimetry data restores velocity field variability at scales not directly sampled by the altimeter and introduces ageostrophic components that cannot be described by simple Ekman superposition. The proposed method provides a means to improve the fidelity of near-real-time synoptic estimates of ocean surface velocity fields by combining altimetric data with modest numbers of in situ drifter observations.