bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unique and Incomparable The Exceptional Life of the First Female Doctor in Poland, Regina Salomea Pilsztynowa
Authors: Lubamersky Lynn 
Published: May 2014

Abstract
The three waves of feminism and postfeminist analysis can be seen in the interpretation of Regina Salomea Pilsztynowa’s Life’s Travels and Adventures. Pilsztynowa’s eighteenth-century memoir was of great interest to first-wave feminists and antifeminists at the turn of the twentieth century because it included compelling narratives of female agency and emancipation. To antifeminists, it was evidence of a world turned upside down in which warped emancipated woman lost their way in the world, but feminists found evidence that the twentieth-century drive for women’s freedom had its roots in the struggle for freedom waged by eighteenth-century feminist foremothers. One of the clearest goals of second-wave feminism was to recover the lost voices of women of the past via the rediscovery of texts, and this memoir was rediscovered in the 1970s-1990s and reevaluated and translated. Third-wave feminists included this memoir in gender studies courses where students and scholars used digital media to publish their findings to cast a wider net and it captured a multiplicity of views including new discoveries regarding the author. Some third-wave feminists have labeled Pilsztynowa’s experience as exceptional and therefore unworthy of consideration or inclusion in any sort of canon of Polish female authors. But if we could go back in time to ask Pilszytynowa, in true Sarmatian fashion, she would insist that she was unique and incomparable, but nevertheless she was the first female doctor in Poland.
« L’âme est l’architecte de son propre corps »
Authors: Papapetros Spyros , Raiffé Alex 
Published: May 2014

À une époque où l’on s’est efforcé de redéfinir la nature de la vie et de faire de l’âme (anima ou psyché) une autorité centrale dans l’organisation de tout processus matériel et immatériel, l’architecture sert non seulement de métaphore structurelle, mais aussi de schéma épistémologique capable de recadrer la formation tectonique de tout être vivant. Cet article retrace les manifestations externes et les processus méthodologiques internes de cette « âme architectonique » à travers les théories épistémologiques du philosophe Albert Lemoine et sa lecture des principes vitalistes et animistes de Georg Ernst Stahl; également dans les récits ethnographiques des forêts animées écrits par des anthropologues comparatistes tels Edward Burnett Tylor et James George Frazer; ou encore dans les rudiments du culte animiste des arbres que l’on trouve dans les écrits d’historiens et théoriciens de l’architecture tels James Fergusson, Karl Bötticher et Gottfried Semper; ou enfin dans les mémoires ethnographiques sur les rituels animistes contemporains de l’historien culturel Aby Warburg.
Dégel
Authors: Joubert-Laurencin Hervé 
Published: May 2014

Après avoir fait le départ, chez André Bazin, de l’immobilité filmique et de l’intensité du plan, rattachable à l’idée qu’animer est une propriété du cinéma, sont présentés l’usage et les conséquences historiques de la nomination du cinéma « d’animation », qui débute au milieu des années 1950. L’importance de l’immobilité dans l’animation est ensuite interrogée à travers quatre exemples affirmant que l’art du cinéma consiste à créer une intensité plus mobile que le seul mouvement.
Animisme de l’image
Authors: Sierek Karl 
Published: May 2014

Le cinéma n’est pas seulement un dispositif des représentations ou un système des signes. Souvent, surtout dans les théories des premières décennies, il était décrit dans un cadre anthropologique comme une machine d’une efficacité et d’une puissance propres. Le texte résume, d’après Aby Warburg, quatre fonctions de cette tendance animiste : l’image comme génératrice et ré-activatrice d’une certaine instantanéité et présence, comme indicatrice et amplificatrice d’une dynamique inhérente et temporalité autonome, comme instrument de pensée et accumulateur de savoir et enfin l’image comme force quasiment vivante d’intervention et d’agitation dans un sens directement politique.
Du mode d’existence des objets animés
Authors: Lamarre Thomas 
Published: May 2014

Cet article présente une série d’analyses sur le mode d’existence des objets animés. Les dessins animés des années 1930 et 1940, ainsi que les théories des films d’animation (de Sergei Eisenstein et Taihei Imamura) de la même époque tiennent une place primordiale parce que nous y retrouvons les sources d’une spécification de la vie par le mouvement et donc une expérience de la « vie-mouvement ». Cette « vie-mouvement » dans les dessins animés n’implique pas une illusion à démystifier ou une difficulté de la perception à subordonner au symbolique. Nous voulons ici traiter de la vie-mouvement en tant qu’expérience réelle du mouvement non localisé et non séparé que nous allons rapprocher du concept de la vie inséparée de Muriel Combes.
Evolution of elastic wave speed during shear‐induced damage and healing within laboratory fault zones
Authors: Kaproth Bryan M. , Marone Chris 
Published: May 2014

AbstractEarthquake faults fail and restrengthen repeatedly during the seismic cycle. Faults restrengthen via a set of processes known collectively as fault healing, which is well documented in the laboratory but less well understood in tectonic fault zones. Recent observations of fault zone wave speed following earthquakes suggest opportunities to connect laboratory and field observations of fault healing. However, existing laboratory data lack detail necessary to identify specific processes linking elastic wave speed to fault damage and healing. Here we document changes in elastic properties during laboratory seismic cycles, simulated via periods of nonshear and quasistatic fault slip. Experiments were conducted on brine‐saturated halite under conditions favoring pressure solution, analogous to healing processes within and at the base of the seismogenic zone. We find that elastic wave speed (V) and amplitude (A) correlate with porosity. For each percent of porosity lost during compaction, VP increases by ~3%, VS by ~2%, AP by ~10%, and AS by ~7%. Moreover, V and A decrease with granular dilation during fault slip. With increasing shear strain, fabric formation dominates the ultrasonic signals. We find that fault strength depends on fault porosity, making VP and VS potential proxies for fault strength evolution. Our data show that a 1% change in VP or VS results in a friction increase of 0.01 or 0.02, respectively. Within natural fault zones, advances in monitoring elastic wave speed may provide critical information on the evolution of fault strength and seismic hazard throughout the seismic cycle.
Occupational fatalities among driver/sales workers and truck drivers in the United States, 2003–2008
Authors: Chen Guang X. , Amandus Harlan E. , Wu Nan 
Published: May 2014

BackgroundThis study provides a national profile of occupational fatalities among truck drivers and driver‐sales workers.MethodsData from the 2003–2008 Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries were used. Cases were extracted specifically for occupational subcategories included in the Driver/Sales Workers and Truck Drivers occupational category: Driver/Sales Workers, Heavy and Tractor‐Trailer Truck Drivers, and Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers.ResultsIn 2003–2008, the group Driver/Sales Workers and Truck Drivers had 5,568 occupational fatalities, representing 17% of all occupational fatalities in the United States. The majority of these fatalities were in the subgroup Heavy and Tractor‐Trailer Truck Drivers (85%) and due to transportation incidents (80%). Older and male drivers had higher fatality rates than their counterparts.ConclusionsFindings suggest a need for targeted interventions to reduce highway fatalities among heavy truck drivers. Better employment data are needed to separate the three occupational subcategories by worker characteristic and employment history for use in research and prevention efforts. Am. J. Ind. Med. 57:800–809, 2014. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Work stress, sleep deficiency, and predicted 10‐year cardiometabolic risk in a female patient care worker population
Authors: Jacobsen Henrik B. , Reme Silje E. , Sembajwe Grace , Hopcia Karen , Stiles Tore C. , Sorensen Glorian , Porter James H. , Marino Miguel , Buxton Orfeu M. 
Published: May 2014

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal effect of work‐related stress, sleep deficiency, and physical activity on 10‐year cardiometabolic risk among an all‐female worker population.MethodsData on patient care workers (n = 99) was collected 2 years apart. Baseline measures included: job stress, physical activity, night work, and sleep deficiency. Biomarkers and objective measurements were used to estimate 10‐year cardiometabolic risk at follow‐up. Significant associations (P < 0.05) from baseline analyses were used to build a multivariable linear regression model.ResultsThe participants were mostly white nurses with a mean age of 41 years. Adjusted linear regression showed that having sleep maintenance problems, a different occupation than nurse, and/or not exercising at recommended levels at baseline increased the 10‐year cardiometabolic risk at follow‐up.ConclusionsIn female workers prone to work‐related stress and sleep deficiency, maintaining sleep and exercise patterns had a strong impact on modifiable 10‐year cardiometabolic risk. Am. J. Ind. Med. 57:940–949, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Wie beeinflusst ein koordinierter Radikalligand die Spincrossover‐Eigenschaften in einem oktaedrischen Eisen(II)‐Komplex?
Authors: Schmitz Markus , Seibel Manuel , Kelm Harald , Demeshko Serhiy , Meyer Franc , Krüger Hans‐Jörg 
Published: May 2014

AbstractDer Einfluss eines koordinierten π‐Radikals auf die Spincrossover‐Eigenschaften eines oktaedrischen Eisen(II)‐Komplexes wurde untersucht, indem ein Eisen(II)‐Komplex, der zusätzlich zum vierzähnigen N,N′‐Dimethyl‐2,11‐diaza[3.3](2,6)pyridinophan das Radikalanion des N,N′‐Diphenylacenaphten‐1,2‐diimins als Liganden enthält, als reine Substanz hergestellt wurde. Dieser Spincrossover‐Komplex wurde durch Reduktion des entsprechenden Low‐Spin‐Eisen(II)‐Komplexes mit dem neutralen Diiminliganden erhalten, wodurch gezeigt wird, dass die Reduktion des starken π‐Akzeptorliganden zu einer Abnahme seiner Ligandenfeldstärke führt. Die Charakterisierung des Eisen(II)‐Radikalkomplexes durch strukturanalytische, magnetochemische und spektroskopische Methoden offenbart das Vorliegen eines Spincrossover‐Gleichgewichts oberhalb von 240 K zwischen einem S=1/2‐Grundzustand und einem angeregten S=3/2‐Spinzustand. Die möglichen Ursachen für den beobachteten schnellen Spincrossover werden diskutiert.
The Molecular Structure of Alzheimer β‐Amyloid Fibrils Formed in the Presence of Phospholipid Vesicles
Authors: Niu Zheng , Zhao Weijing , Zhang Zhengfeng , Xiao Fanshu , Tang Xinqi , Yang Jun 
Published: May 2014

Abstractβ‐amyloid (Aβ) fibrils are the major species involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). An atomic‐resolution molecular structure of Aβ40 fibrils formed in the presence of lipid vesicles was obtained by using magic angle spinning (MAS) solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. The fibril structures formed in the presence of the lipid vesicles are remarkably different from those formed in solution. These results provide insights into the molecular mechanism of Aβ aggregation in the presence of lipid vesicles.
Responsive Supramolecular Polymers Based on the Bis[alkynylplatinum(II)] Terpyridine Molecular Tweezer/Arene Recognition Motif
Authors: Tian Yu‐Kui , Shi Yong‐Gang , Yang Zhi‐Shuai , Wang Feng 
Published: May 2014

AbstractSupramolecular polymers are constructed based on the novel bis[alkynylplatinum(II)] terpyridine molecular tweezer/pyrene recognition motif. Successive addition of anthracene as the diene and cyano‐functionalized dienophile triggers the reversible supramolecular polymerization process, thus advancing the concept of utilizing Diels–Alder chemistry to access stimuli‐responsive materials in compartmentalized systems.
Nanocomposites of poly(propylene carbonate) reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals via sol‐gel process
Authors: Wang Xinhang , Xia Yumin , Wei Peng , Chen Yuwei , Wang Yanping , Wang Yimin 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTCellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) organogels were first produced from aqueous dispersion through solvent exchange of CNCs to acetone via a simple sol‐gel process. After mixing the organogels with poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) in dimethylformamide followed by solution casting, green nanocomposites were obtained with CNCs well dispersed in PPC polymer matrix which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy observations. Differential scanning calorimeter analysis revealed that glass transition temperature of the nanocomposites was slightly increased from 34.0 to 37.4°C. Tensile tests indicated that both yield strength and Young's modulus of CNCs/PPC nanocomposites were doubled by adding 10 wt % CNCs. However, poor thermal stability of PPC occurred after incorporating with CNCs due to the thermo‐sensitive sulfate groups located on the surface of CNCs. Furthermore, PPC became more hydrophilic because of the inclusion of CNCs according to the water contact angle measurement. The enhanced mechanical and hydrophilic properties, coupled with the inherent superior biocompatibility and degradability, offered CNCs/PPC composites potential application in biomedical fields. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40832.
Fluorene‐based click polymers: Relationship between molecular structure and nonlinear optical properties
Authors: Ji Xiaoli , Guang Shanyi , Xu Hongyao , Ke Fuyou , Qin Xiaoyun 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTTo further understand the relationship between the polymer structure and nonlinear optical (NLO) property, in this article, three fluorene‐based triazole functional polymers with different linked chains were designed and controllably prepared by click chemistry method. The structures and properties of these polymers were characterized and evaluated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, fluorescence spectra, dynamic state laser light scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, and NLO analyses. The results exhibited that the target polymers displayed good solubility, high thermal stability, and well NLO properties. The relationships between molecular structures and optical properties were investigated by both theoretical simulation and experimental results. It was found that the rigid conjugated linked chain between triazole and chromophore can effectively enhance the NLO properties of the resultant polymers. The suitable rigid and flexible groups in the triazole polymers will result in good thermal stabilities. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40878.
Microstructure‐based fatigue modeling of an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) copolymer
Authors: Lugo Marcos , Fountain Jason E. , M. Hughes Justin , Bouvard Jean‐Luc , Horstemeyer Mark F. 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTIn this article, we experimentally investigate the structure–property relationships of an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) copolymer for fatigue and use a microstructure‐based multistage fatigue (MSF) model to predict material failure. The MSF model comprises three stages of fatigue damage (crack incubation, small crack growth, and long crack growth) that was originally used for metal alloys. This study shows for the first time that the MSF theory is general enough to apply to polymer systems like ABS. The experimental study included monotonic testing (compression and tension) and fully reversed uniaxial cyclic tests at two frequencies (1 Hz and 10 Hz) with a range of strain amplitudes of 0.006 to 0.04. Cyclical softening was observed in the ABS copolymer. Fractography studies of failed specimens revealed that particles were responsible for crack incubation. Although polymeric materials can be argued to be more complex in terms of failure modes and thermo‐mechano‐chemical sensitivity when compared with most metal alloys, results showed that the MSF model could be extended successfully to capture microstructural effects to polymeric materials. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40882.
Event‐Triggered Consensus Control of Second‐Order Multi‐Agent Systems
Authors: Chen Xia , Hao Fei 
Published: May 2014

AbstractThis paper investigates the event‐triggered consensus problem of second‐order multi‐agent systems, where data sampling and communication are executed once an event condition is satisfied. A centralized event‐triggered control scheme first is established with a state‐dependent event condition relying on global state information. Then, in the decentralized counterpart, an event condition for each agent is designed with respect to its own state and the last sampled data of itself and its neighbors. Under the two schemes proposed, consensus is reached with enlarged average sampling periods and no Zeno behavior. Simulations validate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Turn‐off–on chemiluminescence determination of cyanide
Authors: Han Suqin , Wang Jianbo , Jia Shize 
Published: May 2014

AbstractA flow injection chemiluminescence (FI–CL) method was developed for the determination of cyanide (CN−) based on the recovered CL signal by Cu2+ inhibiting a glutathione (GSH)‐capped CdTe quantum dot (QD) and hydrogen peroxide system. In an alkaline medium, strong CL signals were observed from the reaction of CdTe QDs and H2O2, and addition of Cu2+ could cause significant CL inhibition of the CdTe QDs–H2O2 system. In the presence of CN−, Cu2+ can be removed from the surface of CdTe QDs via the formation of particularly stable [Cu(CN)n](n‐1)– species, and the CL signal of the CdTe QDs–H2O2 system was efficiently recovered. Thus, the CL signals of CdTe QDs–H2O2 system were turned off and turned on by the addition of Cu2+ and CN−, respectively. Further, the results showed that among the tested ions, only CN− could recover the CL signal, which suggested that the CdTe QDs–H2O2–Cu2+ CL system had highly selectivity for CN−. Under optimum conditions, the CL intensity and the concentration of CN− show a good linear relationship in the range 0.0–650.0 ng/mL (R2 = 0.9996). The limit of detection for CN− was 6.0 ng/mL (3σ). This method has been applied to detect CN− in river water and industrial wastewater with satisfactory results. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method coupled with protein precipitation for determination of granisetron in human plasma and its application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Zhou Ying , Jiang Ji , Hu Pei , Wang Hongyun 
Published: May 2014

ABSTRACTA rapid, simple and validated method based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) has been developed for the determination of granisetron in human plasma. Plasma samples were pre‐purified by protein precipitation procedure. The chromatographic separation was achieved with Synergi Polar‐RP (75 × 2 mm, 4 µm) column using a mixture of 5 mm pH4.0 ammonium formate and methanol (300:316, v/v) under isocratic conditions at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in multiple reaction monitoring mode using positive electrospray ionization. The analysis time was about 2.5 min. The method was fully validated over the concentration range 0.1–10 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/mL. Inter‐ and intra‐batch precision was <6.1% and the accuracy was within 95.6–100.0%. The mean extraction recovery was 96.3%. Selectivity, matrix effect and stability were also validated. The method was applied to the comparative pharmacokinetic study of granisetron in Chinese healthy subjects. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
U‐251 revisited: genetic drift and phenotypic consequences of long‐term cultures of glioblastoma cells
Authors: Torsvik Anja , Stieber Daniel , Enger Per Øyvind , Golebiewska Anna , Molven Anders , Svendsen Agnete , Westermark Bengt , Niclou Simone P. , Olsen Thale Kristin , Chekenya Enger Martha , Bjerkvig Rolf 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIt is well known that in vitro subculture represents a selection pressure on cell lines, and over time this may result in a genetic drift in the cancer cells. In addition, long‐term cultures harbor the risk of cross‐contamination with other cell lines. The consequences may have major impact on experimental results obtained in various laboratories, where the cell lines no longer reflect the original tumors that they are supposed to represent. Much neglected in the scientific community is a close monitoring of cell cultures by regular phenotypic and genetic characterization. In this report, we present a thorough characterization of the commonly used glioblastoma (GBM) model U‐251, which in numerous publications has been wrongly identified as U‐373, due to an earlier cross‐contamination. In this work, the original U‐251 and three subclones of U‐251, commonly referred to as U‐251 or U‐373, were analyzed with regard to their DNA profile, morphology, phenotypic expression, and growth pattern. By array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), we show that only the original low‐passaged U‐251 cells, established in the 1960s, maintain a DNA copy number resembling a typical GBM profile, whereas all long‐term subclones lost the typical GBM profile. Also the long‐term passaged subclones displayed variations in phenotypic marker expression and showed an increased growth rate in vitro and a more aggressive growth in vivo. Taken together, the variations in genotype and phenotype as well as differences in growth characteristics may explain different results reported in various laboratories related to the U‐251 cell line.
Induction of apoptosis by Fe(salen)Cl through caspase‐dependent pathway specifically in tumor cells
Authors: Pradhan Nitika , Pratheek B.M. , Garai Antara , Kumar Ashutosh , Meena Vikram S. , Ghosh Shyamasree , Singh Sujay , Kumari Shikha , Chandrashekar T.K. , Goswami Chandan , Chattopadhyay Subhasis , Kar Sanjib , Maiti Prasanta K. 
Published: May 2014

AbstractIron‐based compounds possess the capability of inducing cell death due to their reactivity with oxidant molecules, but their specificity towards cancer cells and the mechanism of action are hitherto less investigated. A Fe(salen)Cl derivative has been synthesized that remains active in monomer form. The efficacy of this compound as an anti‐tumor agent has been investigated in mouse and human leukemia cell lines. Fe(salen)Cl induces cell death specifically in tumor cells and not in primary cells. Mouse and human T‐cell leukemia cell lines, EL4 and Jurkat cells are found to be susceptible to Fe(salen)Cl and undergo apoptosis, but normal mouse spleen cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) remain largely unaffected by Fe(salen)Cl. Fe(salen)Cl treated tumor cells show significantly higher expression level of cytochrome c that might have triggered the cascade of reactions leading to apoptosis in cancer cells. A significant loss of mitochondrial membrane potential upon Fe(salen)Cl treatment suggests that Fe(salen)Cl induces apoptosis by disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential and homeostasis, leading to cytotoxity. We also established that apoptosis in the Fe(salen)Cl‐treated tumor cells is mediated through caspase‐dependent pathway. This is the first report demonstrating that Fe(salen)Cl can specifically target the tumor cells, leaving the primary cells least affected, indicating an excellent potential for this compound to emerge as a next‐generation anti‐tumor drug.