bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in online public opinions associated with various three-child supportive policies in China: Observational study using social media data over time
Authors: Peng Lijuan , Chen Tinggui , Yang Jianjun , Cong Guodong 
Published: July 2024

Background
According to the Seventh National Census, China’s fertility rate is less than 1.5, marking a significant national issue with potential risks. To counter this low birth rate, the Chinese government has relaxed family planning policies and introduced supportive measures.

Purpose
Changes in birth policy have attracted considerable attention from the people of China. This article aims to study the public’s response to the three-child support policy using Weibo as a window. The goal is to provide a more balanced evaluation of current perspectives, enabling policymakers to formulate better fertility information, particularly when anticipating a poor public response to controversial policies.

Methodology
This research uses a crawler to gather data from Sina Weibo. Through opinion mining of Weibo posts on the three-child policy, Weibo users’ online opinions on the three-child policy are analyzed from two perspectives: their attention content and sentiment tendency. Using an interrupted time series, it examines changes in online views on the policy, matching policy documents to the time nodes of Weibo posts.

Findings
The public has shown great interest in and provided short-term positive feedback on policies related to improving maternity insurance, birth rewards, and housing subsidies. In contrast, there has been a continuous negative response to policies such as extending maternity leave, which has particularly sparked concerns among women regarding future employment and marital rights protection. On social media, the public’s attention to the three-child birth policy has focused mainly on the protection of women’s rights, especially legal rights after childbirth, and issues related to physical and mental health. Child-rearing support and economic pressure are also hot topics, involving the daily expenses of multichild families, childcare services, and housing pressure. However, this study also revealed that infertile or single women express a strong desire to have children, but due to limitations in the personal medical insurance system, this desire has not been fully satisfied.

Contributions
Our study demonstrates the feasibility of a rapid and flexible method for evaluating the public response to various three-child supportive policies in China using near real-time social media data. This information can help policy makers anticipate public responses to future pandemic three-child policies and ensure that adequate resources are dedicated to addressing increases in negative sentiment and levels of disagreement in the face of scientifically informed but controversial, restrictions.
Use of fluoroquinolones and the risk of aortic and mitral regurgitation: A nationwide case-crossover study
Authors: Chou An-Hsun , Lin Chia-Pin , Chen Chun-Yu , Wu Victor Chien-Chia , Cheng Yu-Ting , Chan Yi‐Hsin , Hsiao Fu-Chih , Chen Dong-Yi , Hung Kuo-Chun , Chu Pao-Hsien , Chen Shao-Wei 
Published: July 2024

Background
Recently, there have been conflicting results reporting an increased risk of AR or MR associated with oral fluoroquinolones (FQs).This study investigated whether the use of FQs increases the risk of mitral regurgitation (MR) or aortic regurgitation (AR).

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted by using the Taiwan National Health Insurance research database. A unidirectional case-crossover design without selecting controls from an external population was adopted in this study. A total of 26,650 adult patients with new onset of AR or MR between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2012, were identified. The risk of outcomes was compared between the hazard period and one of the randomly selected referent periods of the same individuals.

Results
Before exclusion of pneumonia diagnosed within 2 months before the index date, patients who took FQs had a significantly greater risk of AR or MR (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30–1.77), any AR (combined AR and MR) (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.10–2.04), and any MR (combined AR and MR) (aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.16–1.62). After exclusion of pneumonia, FQs exposure remained significantly associated with a greater risk of MR (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.17–1.62) and any MR (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05–1.48).

Conclusions
The findings suggested that patients treated with FQs could be warned about the potential risk for MR even after considering the possibility of protopathic bias. Reducing unnecessary FQs prescriptions may be considered to reduce the risk of valvular heart disease.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of orthopedic operating room personnel regarding the use of pneumatic tourniquets
Authors: Zu Gang , Zhang Quan , Chen Genjun , Yao Enfeng , Fei Jun , Han Guihe , Tian Guanmin 
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Pneumatic tourniquets (PTs) play a crucial role in hemostasis during orthopedic surgery. This study aimed to investigate the current knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of orthopedic operating room personnel concerning the use of PTs.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted from Jul. 2023 to Aug. 2023. An online questionnaire was used to collect demographic information and KAP score data of the orthopedic operating room personnel from Hangzhou Regional Hospitals.

Results
A total of 336 participants included orthopedic physicians (37.8%), orthopedic nurses (31.5%), anesthesiologists (8.9%), operating room nurses (19.9%) and medical students (1.8%). The median knowledge score was 28.5 (24, 32), with a maximum score of 38; the median attitude score was 31 (28, 35), of a maximum of 35; the median practice score was 41 (36, 44), of a maximum of 45. Correlation analysis showed links between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.388, p<0.001), knowledge and practice (r = 0.401, p<0.001), and attitude and practice (r = 0.485, p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that female gender (OR = 0.294, 95% CI: 0.167–0.520; p<0.001), working in a specialized hospital (OR = 0.420, 95% CI: 0.219–0.803; p = 0.009), and occupation as a surgical anesthesiologist (OR = 3.358, 95% CI: 1.466–7.694; p = 0.004) were associated with better knowledge scores. A higher educational degree (OR = 0.237, 95% CI: 0.093–0.608; p = 0.003) was associated with better practice scores. No previous training was associated with lower knowledge (OR = 0.312, 95% CI: 0.187–0.520; p<0.001) and practice (OR = 0.325, 95% CI: 0.203–0.521; p<0.001) scores.

Conclusion
Orthopedic personnel in this study had acceptable knowledge, attitude, and practice concerning the use of PTs; additional training and guidance might enhance proficiency.
Arrhythmogenic effects of acute electronic cigarette compared to tobacco cigarette smoking in people living with HIV
Authors: Ruedisueli Isabelle , Shi Katie , Lopez Samuel , Gornbein Jeffrey , Middlekauff Holly R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe leading cause of death in people living with HIV (PLWH) is cardiovascular disease, and the high prevalence of tobacco cigarette (TC) smoking is a major contributor. Switching to electronic cigarettes (ECs) has been promoted as a harm reduction strategy. We sought to determine if acute EC compared to TC smoking had less harmful effects on arrhythmogenic risk factors including acute changes in hemodynamics, heart rate variability (HRV), and ventricular repolarization (VR). In PLWH who smoke, changes in hemodynamics, HRV, and VR were compared pre/post acutely using an EC, TC, or puffing on an empty straw on different days in random order, in a crossover study. Thirty‐seven PLWH (36 males, mean age 40.5 ± 9.1 years) participated. Plasma nicotine was greater after TC versus EC use (10.12 ± 0.96 vs. 6.18 ± 0.99 ng/mL, respectively, p = 0.004). HR increased significantly, and similarly, after acute EC and TC smoking compared to control. Changes in HRV that confer increased cardiac risk (LF/HF ratio) were significantly smaller after acute EC versus TC use, consistent with a harm reduction effect. In a post‐hoc analysis of PLWH with and without positive concurrent recreational drug use as indicated by point of care urine toxicology testing, this differential effect was only seen in PLWH not currently using recreational drugs. Changes in VR were not different among the three exposures. In PLWH who smoke, EC compared to TC smoking resulted in smaller adverse changes in HRV. This differential effect was accompanied by a smaller increase in plasma nicotine, and was negated by concurrent recreational drug use. Additional studies are warranted in this vulnerable population disproportionately affected by tobacco‐related health disparities.
Circular RNAs as potential biomarkers for male severe sepsis
Authors: Jun Liang , Wang Zhonghua , Wang Shouhong , Liao Xiaolong , Qin Tiehe , Guo Weixin 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in many human diseases. However, their role in the development of severe sepsis, a condition that remains one of the main causes of death in intensive care units, has not yet been defined. In this study, we interrogated the molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in severe sepsis. We profiled the expression levels of 5,680 circRNAs in plasma extracted from blood samples of 9 severe sepsis cases or 9 controls (male, age 78 ± 7) using the Human circRNA Array. To enrich protein-coding genes hosting severe sepsis-related circRNAs, we conducted gene ontology and pathways analyses. Out of the identified 760 differentially expressed circRNAs, 404 were upregulated while 356 were downregulated (fold change [FC] ≥2 or ≤−2, and false discovery ratio <0.05). Circ-0008285 (located in exons of CDYL), showed significant upregulation in severe sepsis with an FC of 13.7, and Bonferroni-corrected P < 0.05/5. In silico analysis identified Circ-0008285 interacting microRNAs as well as protein-coding genes. We systematically investigated the differential expression pattern of circRNAs in severe sepsis. The circRNAs we identified might serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis.
Forschung und Kampagne? Zu einigen Beiträgen im ‚Hohenzollern-Streit‘ aus jüngster Zeit
Authors: Neugebauer Wolfgang 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
Politische Interessen dominieren den lauten Hohenzollern-Streit der letzten Jahre. Dabei wird gezielt und doch zu Unrecht das öffentlichkeitswirksame Bild vermittelt, mit der Behandlung der politischen Rolle des Kronprinzen in der Zeit um 1933 werde ein ‚blinder Fleck‘ der Geschichte nun endlich aufgehellt.
Tatsächlich hat die internationale Forschung die Haltung des Hohenzollern schon seit Jahrzehnten erkannt und das Thema nicht nur sehr gründlich untersucht, sondern dabei sogar längst Erkenntnisse und Quellen des Nürnberger Tribunals aufgesucht und sorgfältig präsentiert. Der derzeit lancierte Eindruck des Sensationell-Neuen folgt eigenen, auf die aktuelle politische Konjunktur verweisenden Motiven.
Der Aufsatz ist aber der jüngst erhobenen Forderung bewusst verpflichtet, neue Quellen in die wissenschaftliche Diskussion einzubringen. Dies hat zur Folge, dass gegen beide beteiligten Parteien kritische Fragen und Einwände vorgebracht werden. Die Nationalsozialisten sahen im preußischen Kronprinzen nicht einen der ihren.
Jüdische Kollaboration? Wie aus Holocaust-Überlebenden in Nachkriegsdeutschland NS-Täter wurden
Authors: Dinkelaker Philipp 
Published: July 2024

Zusammenfassung
In diesem verschriftlichten Vortrag zur Verleihung des HiKo_21-Nachwuchspreises 2022 stellt der Autor Quellen und Kernfragen seiner Dissertation vor. Diese basiert auf Fallstudien von antisemitisch Verfolgten, denen vor und nach 1945 Zusammenarbeit mit der Gestapo in Berlin vorgeworfen wurde. Er rekonstruiert diese Vorwürfe antisemitismus-kritisch und untersucht, wie sie sich von der NS-Zeit bis in die 1960er-Jahre veränderten. Die Arbeit schlägt eine Brücke zwischen Holocaust und Nachkriegszeit sowie deutsch-jüdischen und nicht-jüdischen Perspektiven. Dinkelaker analysiert, inwiefern diese die Aufarbeitung beider Kollektive, die Shoah-Rezeption und den Antisemitismus beeinflussten.
Im Artikel zeigt er exemplarisch, wie innerjüdische Ehrengerichte Überlebenden moralisches Versagen attestierten, während Straf- und Entschädigungsgerichte sie als ‚jüdische Täter‘ härter bestraften als die Gestapo. Das entscheidende Kriterium für diese Täter-Opfer-Umkehr war ein doppelter Standard für Juden, nämlich die Forderung nach Selbstopferung.
Study on comprehensive evaluation method of mental workload level
Authors: Yan Shengyuan , Li Fengjiao , Yao Kai , Wei Yingying 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Mental workload has an important impact on the human performance of ship operators. The purpose of this study is to develop an evaluation method to evaluate the ship operator’s mental workload. First, an evaluation index system was constructed, and the DEMATEL (decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory) method was used to determine the relative weight of each index. Then, the fuzzy evaluation method was used to calculate the mental workload of ship operator based on the evaluation value and relative weight of indexes. The evaluation result of the developed method showed that the ship operators’ mental workload were 3.78 and 2.99 under tasks 1 and 2, and the ship operators’ mental workloads were at the ‘very high’ and ‘high’ levels based on the maximum membership principle. Also, the evaluation result of the developed method was consistent with the evaluation results of subjective mental workload assessment technique. It proves that the developed method can effectively evaluate the ship operator’s mental workload level.
Laser ablation and chemical vapor deposition to prepare a nanostructured PPy layer on the Ti surface
Authors: Shabanlou Ensiye , Jaleh Babak , Azizian Saeid , Rhee Kyong Yop 
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The deposition of polypyrrole (PPy) on a Ti surface is commonly employed to enhance the material’s properties for different applications such as supercapacitors, biomedicine, and corrosion resistance. Instead of complex or costly polymerization procedures for the PPy synthesis on the Ti metal surface, we utilized the effect of a simple and inexpensive laser ablation of the Ti surface in the open-air environment to prepare a hydrophilic TiO2 surface. In this condition, a thin PPy layer with remarkable nanostructures such as nanorings (∼80 nm) and nanotubes (∼245 nm) was deposited on a selective and desired pattern of ablated Ti areas through the chemical vapor deposition process using ferric chloride (FeCl3) solution as a pyrrole oxidizer. Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses confirmed the PPy formation on the Ti surface. The creation of these nanostructures was due to the micro/nanomorphology of the ablated Ti substrate. Water contact angle (WCA) measurements indicated the hydrophobic behavior of the PPy/Ti surface by the aging effect after 24 weeks with the change of WCA from 20° to 116°. The change in the surface chemical composition upon adsorption of airborne organic compounds with the long-term storage of PPy/Ti surface in air was studied by the XPS test.
Patients with Cushing’s syndrome suffer from provoked venous thromboembolism and are anticoagulated in various patterns
Authors: Bryk-Wiązania Agata Hanna , Minasyan Mari , Hubalewska-Dydejczyk Alicja , Gilis-Januszewska Aleksandra 
Published: July 2024

Objective
Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is associated with an 18-fold greater risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We aimed to identify factors which provoke VTE among patients with CS and VTE and to describe the anticoagulant regimen used in these cases.

Methods
In this retrospective observational study, patients included in the European Registry on CS (ERCUSYN) in Krakow center, Poland, were followed for the occurrence of VTE and anticoagulant treatment. We identified factors provoking VTE according to the International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH), along with factors included in the Padua score and CS-VTE score.

Results
Of the 128 patients followed for a median of 4.3 years, there were nine patients who experienced ten VTE episodes (prevalence of 7.8% and incidence of 13.4 per 1000 patient-years). All VTEs were classified as provoked according to the ISTH guidance, predominantly due to the transient major and minor (50% and 20%, respectively) factors, while they were less commonly due to persistent (30%) factors. In 2/9 patients, we could not identify any risk factor for VTE according to the Padua score, while in 2/6 patients according to the CS-VTE score. Patients were mostly anticoagulated with vitamin K antagonists (4/8 patients), followed by direct oral anticoagulants (3/8) and low-molecular-weight heparin (1/8). The median duration of anticoagulation was 2.75 years and exceeded beyond the primary treatment in 28% of episodes provoked by transient factors.

Conclusion
Further, multicenter studies are required to create a validated thrombotic risk score and guidelines regarding VTE treatment in CS patients.
Reversible central adrenal insufficiency in survivors of COVID-19: results from a 24-month longitudinal study
Authors: Sahoo Saroj Kumar , Menon Jayakrishnan C , Tripathy Nidhi , Nayak Monalisa , Yadav Subhash 
Published: July 2024

Objective
We studied the temporal course of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) dysfunction in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods
Three hundred and two patients (median age 54 years (interquartile range (IQR) 42–64), 76% males) were recruited. The HPA axis was evaluated by morning cortisol and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) at admission (n = 232). Adrenal insufficiency (AI) during acute illness was defined using a morning cortisol <83 nmol/L. AI at 12 months follow-up was defined using a peak cortisol <406 nmol/L in the ACTH stimulation test (APST) (n = 90). Those with AI at 12 months were further assessed by APST every 6 months for recovery of hypoadrenalism.

Results
The median morning cortisol and ACTH levels during COVID-19 were 295 (IQR 133–460) nmol/L and 3.9 (0.8–6.9) pmol/L, respectively. AI was present in 33 (14%) patients; ACTH was elevated in three and low or inappropriately normal in the rest 30 patients. At 12 months, AI was seen in 13% (12/90) patients, with all cases being hypothalamic–pituitary in origin; five (42%) of them had not met the diagnostic criteria for AI during COVID-19. AI diagnosed at admission persisted at 12 months in seven patients and recovered in seven; the remaining 19 patients were lost to follow-up. The presence of AI at 12 months was independent of severity and steroid use during COVID-19. A morning cortisol <138 nmol/L during COVID-19 predicted the presence of AI at 12 months. All patients showed recovery of the HPA axis in the ensuing 12 months.

Conclusion
Central AI was common during acute COVID-19 and at 12 months of follow-up. AI can be late onset, developing after recovery from COVID-19, and was transient in nature.
Потенціал культурного туризму як ключової галузі регіональної економіки
Authors: Дробахіна Тетяна 
Published: July 2024

Мета: дослідити шляхи впливу креативних індустрій на розвиток регіону, території чи громади через призму культурного туризму та показати, яким чином нематеріальна спадщина та креативні індустрії можуть діяти як активи для туризму у креативних містах, тим самим сприяючи їхньому розвитку.
Актуальність: креативна економіка стає ключовим фактором та поступово входить до пріоритетів стратегій регіонального та місцевого розвитку планування, підтвердженням чого є формування Мережі креативних міст ЮНЕСКО (UNESCO Creative cities network, UCCN). Одночасно із формуванням мережі сектор туризму відіграє фундаментальну роль у стратегії креативного розвитку, що справедливо також для України і про що сказано в Стратегії економічного розвитку у період до 2030 року.
Результати: виконано попередній аналіз концепції та тематичний аналіз сутності туристичних заходів, перерахованих у звітах UCCN, щоб визначити, які види культурних туристичних продуктів та заходів пов'язані з креативними містами і як вони співвідносяться з їхніми творчими галузями UCCN, щоб виявити можливість їхнього розвитку та потенціал для України.
Висновки: перетин креативних індустрій на основі туризму є неодмінною світовою тенденцією, потенціал якої може бути реалізований для України, де кожен регіон має свої специфічні ремесла, етно-промисли, гастрономічну культуру, і є здатним створювати унікальні продукти для авдиторій на основі «досвіду вражень» та генерування продуктів нової якості. Застосування такого підходу дозволить збільшити інтерес до країни в цілому, через призму туристичної привабливості з елементами креативних індустрій кожного окремого регіону. Рекомендовано звернути увагу на UCCN UNESCO та застосувати подібну модель до формування мережі творчих міст в Україні. Це дозволить створити стійкий культурно-креативний ландшафт та згенерувати додану цінність для туристів. Результати дослідження також вказують на можливість створення туристичного маршруту Україною із залученням всіх міст, що ввійдуть в мережу креативних, з їхніми туристичними перлинами. Це забезпечить реалізацію візії напряму 14 Стратегії економічного розвитку України у період до 2030 року.
Перспективи вивчення умов повсякдення литовської доби в сучасній українській історіографії
Authors: Махінько Анна , Ігнатова Людмила 
Published: July 2024

Історія повсякдення здобула популярність в сучасній українській історіографії. Вивчення повсякденних практик стало актуальною та модною тенденцією у якій вивчення побуту на теренах України під протекторатом Великого князівства Литовського також знайшло своє вагоме місце. Обрана тематика пропонується вперше в українській історіографії.
Метою статті було встановити перспективи вивчення умов буденності на українських землях у литовську добу через аналіз сучасної української історіографії. Для досягнення мети роботи оглянуто три основні фактори впливу на розвиток студій з історії повсякдення литовської доби: методологію, специфіку джерел та наукову свободу дослідників у виборі теми дослідження. Методологія дослідження побудована на принципах об’єктивності та історизму з використанням методів історичної критики, методів аналізу та узагальнення.
Результати дослідження. З’ясовано, що найбільш вагомий вплив на можливості дослідження побуту литовської доби відіграє специфічна та фрагментарна джерельна база, яка впливає на хронологічні рамки, а також на ті повсякденні практики, які вдається дослідити завдяки аналізу документальних джерел. Виявлено, що цифровізація архівних матеріалів відкрила нові можливості для дослідників історії повсякдення. Належна якість нових досліджень забезпечується шляхом розробок методик вивчення. Поява статей з методології ранньомодерної доби попереджає дослідників від упереджених уявлень, які існували у попередні століття. Як вдалося вияснити, суб’єктивним фактором є наукова свобода українських істориків, які самостійно визначають ту чи іншу тему для вивчення.
Висновки. Цифровізація документів литовської доби, методологічна розробка, популярність історії повсякдення в українській історіографії заохочує дослідників до подібних досліджень. Отже, історія повсякдення литовської доби є перспективним напрямом історичних досліджень.