bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The consequences of intergroup ideologies and prejudice control for discrimination and harmony
Authors: Pedersen Anne , Paradies Yin , Barndon Ashleigh 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn the present study, we investigated two literature bases by way of a community survey across Australia. We investigated four acculturation orientations (assimilation, multiculturalism, color‐blind, and polyculturalism ideologies) and the motivations to respond without prejudice. We examined what predicted support for Harmony Day as well as explicit discrimination. Multiculturalism, polyculturalism, and internal motivation to respond without prejudice correlated with positive attitudes in both scenarios. External motivation to respond without prejudice was positively correlated with discrimination. Conversely, color‐blind ideology had no effect, and assimilation ideology related positively to explicit discrimination and negatively with Harmony Day. Using a multiple regression analysis, there was a difference in emphasis in different contexts. Our findings provide antiprejudice practitioners with material for discussions which can promote positive intergroup relations.
Does counting to ten increase or decrease aggression? The role of state self‐control (ego‐depletion) and consequences
Authors: Osgood Jeffrey M. , Muraven Mark 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this investigation, we experimentally test the interaction of ego‐depletion (low state self‐control), consequences, and decision‐making time on aggressive responses to an insult from a confederate. The results indicate that ego‐depleted participants respond more quickly and aggressively to an insult from a confederate. However, when a 30‐ second decision‐making delay is imposed, ego‐depleted participants reduce their aggression, but only if there are external consequences to being aggressive. In the absence of such consequences, ego‐depleted participants become more aggressive following a delay. Additionally, if a distracting cognitive load disrupts the 30‐ second delay, aggression levels do not change significantly, even if there are consequences. These results suggest people respond to aggressive triggers more impulsively when ego‐depleted.
Social influence processes on adolescents’ food likes and consumption: the role of parental authoritativeness and individual self‐monitoring
Authors: Guidetti Margherita , Cavazza Nicoletta , Conner Mark 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis cross‐sectional study investigated how parents and friends influence adolescents’ food likes and consumption. 709 adolescent‐parent and 638 adolescent‐friend dyads completed a questionnaire, allowing us to compare target‐parent and target‐friend resemblances both on food likes and consumption, while distinguishing between cultural influence and dyadic unique influence. In addition, we identified two psychosocial predictors of resemblance, namely parenting style and adolescents' self‐monitoring. As expected, results indicated that authoritative parenting style increased target‐parent resemblance in food likes (directly) and consumption (indirectly), and self‐monitoring orientation increased target‐friend resemblance in food likes (directly) and consumption (indirectly). We also showed that target‐friend resemblance was more culture‐based than target‐parent resemblance, suggesting that parental influence is more specific to the dyadic relation than is peer influence.
Regional Business‐Cycle Synchronization, Sector Specialization and EU Accession
Authors: Bierbaumer‐Polly Jürgen , Huber Peter , Rozmahel Petr 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe examine the effects of Eastern and Northern enlargement of the EU on regional business‐cycle synchronization and sector specialization. Difference‐in‐difference estimates show that cyclical synchronicity decreased and differences in sector structure increased in acceding region‐pairs after Eastern enlargement. For Northern enlargement, results are more ambiguous. Moreover, in both enlargement episodes, region‐pairs with highly synchronous business cycles before accession experienced weaker cyclical and structural convergence than region‐pairs with less synchronous cycles. Likewise, region‐pairs with more similar sector structures before accession experienced stronger divergence (or weaker convergence) of structural similarity and business‐cycle synchronicity after the enlargement. We argue that these results call for developing more differentiated hypotheses on EU enlargement's effects on business‐cycle synchronization and sector specialization.
Relationship among salivary antioxidant activity, cytokines, and periodontitis: the Nagasaki Island study
Authors: Tamaki Naofumi , Yoshino Fumihiko , Fukui Makoto , Hayashida Hideaki , Yoshida Ayaka , Kitamura Masayasu , Iwasaki Takahiro , Furugen Reiko , Kawasaki Koji , Nakazato Mio , Maeda Takahiro , Kokeguchi Susumu , Yamamoto Tatsuo , Lee Masaichi Chang‐il , Ito Hiro‐O , Saito Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimAntioxidant activities and cytokine levels in human body fluids are considered to be strongly associated with periodontitis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between salivary antioxidant activities against superoxide or hydroxyl radical, cytokines, and periodontal conditions through a community‐based cross‐sectional study conducted in Goto city, Japan.Materials and MethodsSaliva samples were analysed for superoxide or hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and cytokine levels from 160 participants. We demonstrated that saliva contained superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities by using electron spin resonance with a spin‐trapping agent. The concentrations of eight cytokines were measured using multiplex bead assays.ResultsThere were significant differences in salivary superoxide or hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and the levels of Interleukin‐1β, Interleukin‐6, and Interleukin‐8 between periodontitis classifications. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression model showed that salivary superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities were significantly associated with the classification of periodontitis. In addition, salivary superoxide scavenging activity was found to have significant association with all periodontal parameters using multiple linear regression analysis.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the evaluation of salivary antioxidant activities, as assessed by electron spin resonance, are associated with periodontitis and various clinical variables in community‐dwelling participants (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01742728).
Combining Multiregional Input‐Output Analysis with a World Trade Model for Evaluating Scenarios for Sustainable Use of Global Resources, Part I: Conceptual Framework
Authors: Duchin Faye , Levine Stephen H. , Strømman Anders Hammer 
Published: July 2015

SummaryConsumption in a particular country often entails resource extraction, production, and environmental degradation in remote locations. This fact has stimulated a growing body of empirical analysis using input‐output (I‐O) databases and techniques to reveal and quantify the underlying linkages. Two lines of research rooted in I‐O economics, multiregional input‐output (MRIO) analysis and I‐O modeling of the world economy, describe and analyze these relationships, the first for the past, increasingly in the form of footprints and the underlying pathways, and the latter under alternative scenarios about possible courses of action in the future. The article shows how organizing such scenario outcomes into an MRIO database can extend the reach of MRIO analysis to the future while simultaneously supplementing the capabilities of the world trade modeling framework. We describe the compilation of an MRIO database from the results of scenario analysis using the world trade model (WTM) in a companion article (Part II, Implementation); the subsequent application of MRIO techniques to this database permits the evaluation of prospects for the future. We also address several overlooked challenges, namely, the need to include factor endowments and distances between potential trade partners in an MRIO database, the representation of sectors providing transport of internationally traded goods, and the manipulation of mixed physical and money units when both quantities and prices are endogenous.
Differential peptidomics assessment of strain and age differences in mice in response to acute cocaine administration
Authors: Romanova Elena V. , Rubakhin Stanislav S. , Ossyra John R. , Zombeck Jonathan A. , Nosek Michael R. , Sweedler Jonathan V. , Rhodes Justin S. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNeurochemical differences in the hypothalamic‐pituitary axis between individuals and between ages may contribute to differential susceptibility to cocaine abuse. This study measured peptide levels in the pituitary gland (Pit) and lateral hypothalamus (LH) in adolescent (age 30 days) and adult (age 65 days) mice from four standard inbred strains, FVB/NJ, DBA/2J, C57BL/6J, and BALB/cByJ, which have previously been characterized for acute locomotor responses to cocaine. Individual peptide profiles were analyzed using mass spectrometric profiling and principal component analysis. Sequences of assigned peptides were verified by tandem mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis classified all strains according to their distinct peptide profiles in Pit samples from adolescent mice, but not adults. Select pro‐opiomelanocortin‐derived peptides were significantly higher in adolescent BALB/cByJ and DBA/2J mice than in FVB/NJ or C57BL/6J mice. A subset of peptides in the LH, but not in the Pit, was altered by cocaine in adolescents. A 15 mg/kg dose of cocaine induced greater peptide alterations than a 30 mg/kg dose, particularly in FVB/NJ animals, with larger differences in adolescents than adults. Neuropeptides in the LH affected by acute cocaine administration included pro‐opiomelanocortin‐, myelin basic protein‐, and glutamate transporter‐derived peptides. The observed peptide differences could contribute to differential behavioral sensitivity to cocaine among strains and ages.
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Peptides were measured using mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF) in individual lateral hypothalamus and pituitary samples from four strains and two ages of inbred mice in response to acute cocaine administration. Principal component analyses (PCA) classified the strains according to their peptide profiles from adolescent mice, and a subset of peptides in the lateral hypothalamus was altered by cocaine in adolescents.
Association of malocclusion, happiness, and oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) in schoolchildren
Authors: da Rosa Guilherme Nascimento , Del Fabro Joana Possamai , Tomazoni Fernanda , Tuchtenhagen Simone , Alves Luana Severo , Ardenghi Thiago Machado 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the impact of malocclusion on children's oral health–related quality of life (COHRQoL) and self‐reported happiness.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in a representative sample of 12‐year‐old schoolchildren from Santa Maria, South Brazil. Four calibrated examiners carried out clinical exams to evaluate malocclusion [Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI)], dental caries (DMFT), and dental trauma (O'Brien classification, used in the Children's dental health survey in the UK, 1994). Participants answered the Brazilian versions of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11‐14) and the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS). Parents completed a structured questionnaire regarding socioeconomic status. Data analysis was conducted using multilevel Poisson regression models.ResultsA total of 1,134 adolescents (boys: 45.8 percent; girls: 54.1 percent) were enrolled in the study. The DAI overall score ranged from 13 to 63 (mean: 25.19, standard error: 0.19); 57.6 percent of the subjects had minor or no malocclusion and 24.4 percent had definite malocclusion. Severe malocclusion and handicapping malocclusion were found in 10.4 percent and 7.4 percent of the subjects, respectively. After adjustment, the severity of malocclusion was associated with high mean values of the CPQ11‐14 overall score, and the emotional well‐being and social well‐being domains were the most affected. Lower levels of happiness were also associated with the severity of malocclusion: those with definite malocclusion presented lower scores on the SHS scale (Rate Ratio 0.97; 95 percent CI 0.94‐0.99).ConclusionMalocclusion had a negative impact on COHRQoL and happiness, mainly on the emotional and social domains.
Inhibitory effects of advanced glycation end‐products and Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide on the expression of osteoblastic markers of rat bone marrow cells in culture
Authors: Sakamoto E. , Mihara C. , Ikuta T. , Inagaki Y. , Kido J. , Nagata T. 
Published: July 2015

Background and ObjectivesDiabetes is a major risk factor for periodontitis and there is a close relationship between the degree of hyperglycemia and the severity of periodontitis. Advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs) accumulate in various tissues under diabetic conditions. AGEs in the periodontal tissues probably play a role in upregulating periodontal inflammation; however, the association of AGEs with the severity of periodontitis has not been fully clarified. Lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P‐LPS) is a potent pathogenic factor in periodontitis. Although the independent effect of AGE or P‐LPS on osteoblastic cells has been reported in vitro, the effect of adding both has not been clearly elucidated. In this study, to explore factors aggravating diabetic periodontitis, we investigated the effects of AGE and P‐LPS on the expression of osteoblastic markers and the expression of inflammation‐related markers in vitro.Material and MethodsRat bone marrow cells were cultured, and alkaline phosphatase activity and bone nodule formation were evaluated as osteoblastic markers. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the mRNA expression of molecules associated with bone and inflammation. Protein levels of osteocalcin and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsAGEs and P‐LPS independently reduced alkaline phosphatase activity and bone nodule formation. The addition of both AGE and P‐LPS (AGE+P‐LPS) further decreased these markers. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that AGE+P‐LPS markedly decreased the mRNA expression of osteoblast‐related molecules such as type 1 collagen, osteocalcin and Cbfa1, and markedly increased that of inflammation‐related molecules such as IL1β and S100A8. AGE and P‐LPS decreased the protein level of osteocalcin and increased that of IL‐1β, and a further increase of IL‐1β was detected for AGE+P‐LPS.ConclusionAGEs and P‐LPS inhibited the expression of osteoblastic markers and increased the levels of inflammatory markers in rat bone marrow cells, suggesting that both AGE and P‐LPS may be important factors associated with the aggravation of diabetic periodontitis.
Genotypic diversity and differentiation among populations of two benthic freshwater diatoms as revealed by microsatellites
Authors: Vanormelingen Pieter , Evans Katharine M. , Mann David G. , Lance Stacey , Debeer Ann‐Eline , D'Hondt Sofie , Verstraete Tine , De Meester Luc , Vyverman Wim 
Published: July 2015

AbstractGiven their large population sizes and presumed high dispersal capacity, protists are expected to exhibit homogeneous population structure over large spatial scales. On the other hand, the fragmented and short‐lived nature of the lentic freshwater habitats that many protists inhabit promotes strong population differentiation. We used microsatellites in two benthic freshwater diatoms,Eunotia bilunaris‘robust’ andSellaphora capitata, sampled from within a pond and connected ponds, through isolated ponds from the same region to western Europe to determine the spatial scale at which differentiation appears. Because periods of low genotypic diversity contribute to population differentiation, we also assessed genotypic diversity. While genotypic diversity was very high to maximal in most samples of both species, some had a markedly lower diversity, with up to half (Eunotia) and over 90% (Sellaphora) of the strains having the same multilocus genotype. Population differentiation showed an isolation‐by‐distance pattern with very low standardizedFSTvalues between samples from the same or connected ponds but high values between isolated ponds, even when situated in the same region. PartialrbcL sequences inEunotiawere consistent with this pattern as isolated ponds in the same region could differ widely in haplotype composition. Populations identified byStructurecorresponded to the source ponds, confirming that ‘pond’ is the main factor structuring these populations. We conclude that freshwater benthic diatom populations are highly fragmented on a regional scale, reflecting either less dispersal than is often assumed or reduced establishment success of immigrants, so that dispersal does not translate into gene flow.
Arabidopsis GERANYLGERANYL DIPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 11 is a hub isozyme required for the production of most photosynthesis‐related isoprenoids
Authors: Ruiz‐Sola M. Águila , Coman Diana , Beck Gilles , Barja M. Victoria , Colinas Maite , Graf Alexander , Welsch Ralf , Rütimann Philipp , Bühlmann Peter , Bigler Laurent , Gruissem Wilhelm , Rodríguez‐Concepción Manuel , Vranová Eva 
Published: July 2015

Summary

Most plastid isoprenoids, including photosynthesis‐related metabolites such as carotenoids and the side chain of chlorophylls, tocopherols (vitamin E), phylloquinones (vitamin K), and plastoquinones, derive from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) synthesized by GGPP synthase (GGPPS) enzymes. Seven out of 10 functional GGPPS isozymes in Arabidopsis thaliana reside in plastids. We aimed to address the function of different GGPPS paralogues for plastid isoprenoid biosynthesis.

We constructed a gene co‐expression network (GCN) using GGPPS paralogues as guide genes and genes from the upstream and downstream pathways as query genes. Furthermore, knock‐out and/or knock‐down ggpps mutants were generated and their growth and metabolic phenotypes were analyzed. Also, interacting protein partners of GGPPS11 were searched for.

Our data showed that GGPPS11, encoding the only plastid isozyme essential for plant development, functions as a hub gene among GGPPS paralogues and is required for the production of all major groups of plastid isoprenoids. Furthermore, we showed that the GGPPS11 protein physically interacts with enzymes that use GGPP for the production of carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, phylloquinone, and plastoquinone.

GGPPS11 is a hub isozyme required for the production of most photosynthesis‐related isoprenoids. Both gene co‐expression and protein–protein interaction likely contribute to the channeling of GGPP by GGPPS11.
Imiquimod and Photodynamic Therapy Are Useful in the Treatment of Porokeratosis in Children with Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Gracia‐Cazaña Tamara , Vera‐Álvarez Jesús , García‐Patos Vicente , Gilaberte Yolanda 
Published: July 2015

AbstractPorokeratosis is an uncommon disorder that affects keratinization. Immunosuppression may favor the development of porokeratotic lesions. Patients who receive allogenic transplants represent a therapeutic challenge to dermatologists. We report two cases of porokeratosis in children with bone marrow transplant and their excellent response to imiquimod and photodynamic therapy.
Dunaliella tertiolecta (Chlorophyta) Avoids Cell Death Under Ultraviolet Radiation By Triggering Alternative Photoprotective Mechanisms
Authors: Segovia María , Mata Teresa , Palma Armando , García‐Gómez Candela , Lorenzo Rosario , Rivera Alicia , Figueroa Félix L. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe effect of different ultraviolet radiation (UVR) treatments combining PAR (P), UVA (A) and UVB (B) on the molecular physiology of Dunaliella tertiolecta was studied during 6 days to assess the response to chronic UVR exposure. UVR reduced cell growth but did not cause cell death, as shown by the absence of SYTOX Green labeling and cellular morphology. However, caspase‐like enzymatic activities (CLs), (regarded as cell death proteases), were active even though the cells were not dying. Maximal quantum yield of fluorescence (Fv/Fm) and photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR) dropped. Decreased nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) paralleled a drop in xanthophyll cycle de‐epoxidation under UVB. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and D1 protein accumulation were inversely correlated. PAB exhibited elevated ROS production at earlier times. Once ROS decayed, D1 protein recovered two‐fold compared with P and PA at later stages. Therefore, PsbA gene was still transcribed, suggesting ROS involvement in D1 recovery by its direct effect on mRNA‐translation. We add evidence of an UVB‐induced positive effect on the cells when P is present, providing photoprotection and resilience, by means of D1 repair. This allowed cells to survive. The photoprotective mechanisms described here (which are counterintuitive in principle) conform to an important ecophysiological response regarding light stress acclimation.
Developmental Trajectories of Social Justice Values in Adolescence: Relations with Sympathy and Friendship Quality
Authors: Daniel Ella , Dys Sebastian P. , Buchmann Marlis , Malti Tina 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis study examined developmental trajectories of social justice values (SJV) in a representative sample of Swiss adolescents (N = 1258) at 15 (Time 1), 18 (Time 2), and 21 years of age (Time 3). SJV and friendship quality were measured via self‐reports. Sympathy was assessed via self‐ and mother‐reports. Latent class growth analysis revealed three developmental trajectories of SJV: high‐stable (80 percent), moderate‐decreasing (17 percent), and low‐increasing (3 percent). Adolescents with low levels of self‐ and mother‐reported sympathy were more likely to be members of the low‐increasing than the high‐stable or moderate decreasing trajectory groups. Adolescents who reported low levels of sympathy and friendship quality at 15 years of age were more likely to be members of the moderate‐decreasing trajectory group than the high‐stable trajectory group. Results are discussed with respect to the potential significance of sympathy and friendship quality for understanding the development of SJV during adolescence.
Clonogrouping, a Rapid Multiplex PCR Method for Identification of Major Clones of Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Chenal-Francisque Viviane , Maury Mylène M. , Lavina Morgane , Touchon Marie , Leclercq Alexandre , Lecuit Marc , Brisse Sylvain 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACT

Three multiplex PCR assays were developed to identify the 11 most common
Listeria monocytogenes
clones in clinical and food samples; 270 (95.7%) of 282 strains of serogroups IVb, IIb, IIa, and IIc were identified accurately. This novel tool is a rapid and efficient alternative to multilocus sequence typing for identification of
L. monocytogenes
clones.