bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taxonomic notes on Asperula sect. Cynanchicae (Rubiaceae )
Authors: Del Guacchio Emanuele , Caputo Paolo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractTaxonomic and nomenclatural issues in Asperula aristata L. f. and allied taxa are discussed and the identity of the autonymic subspecies of A. aristata established as being the taxon commonly, but erroneously, called A. aristata subsp. scabra . The synonymy of other names in the group is also discussed, and eight of them are typified. Asperula exaristata, applicable ambiguously to a southern Italian taxon, is newly identified and synonymised.
Molecular phylogeny of the Campanula pyramidalis species complex (Campanulaceae) inferred from chloroplast and nuclear non‐coding sequences and its taxonomic implications
Authors: Lakušić Dmitar , Liber Zlatko , Nikolić Toni , Surina Boštjan , Kovačić Sanja , Bogdanović Sandro , Stefanović Saša 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe Campanula pyramidalis complex is a group of closely related taxa with a distribution across the Balkans, from the Gulf of Trieste in the north to the Peloponnese Peninsula in the south, with small disjunct parts of the range in the south Apennines. Although 21 taxa were described within this complex, only three, C. pyramidalis, C. versicolor, and C. secundiflora, have been generally accepted in recent synoptical taxonomic treatments. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of three non‐coding chloroplast regions (psbA‐trnH, psbZ‐trnfM, trnG‐trnS) as well as of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (nrITS), lend strong support to the recognition of several lineages which only partially correspond to generally accepted taxonomic concepts. Molecular data presented in this study showed that C. pyramidalis is a polyphyletic assemblage that segregates into three distinct lineages, one of which is described here as a new species, C. austroadriatica sp. nov. The lectotype of C. pyramidalis, redefined in a strict sense, is designated. Neither C. versicolor nor C. secundiflora were found to be strictly monophyletic, but their monophyly could not be rejected. Morphological and biogeographical implications are discussed.
National survey on critical values notification of 599 institutions in China
Authors: Zeng Rong , Wang Wei , Wang Zhiguo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractBackground:A national cross-sectional survey on the reporting of critical values was conducted to provide suggestions on monitoring of the quality indicator and obtain the goal of quality improvement.Methods:All clinical laboratories participating in the external quality assessment (EQA) programs of chemistry, blood gas, and hematology tests organized by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories (NCCL) were enrolled in our study. General information on the policy of critical values reporting and the particular problems about critical limits and practice of critical values reporting in the last 2 months were asked in the questionnaire. All collected data were analyzed by the special statistical software designed by the NCCL.Results:The return rate of surveys for critical values on clinical biochemistry, blood gas, and hematology testing were 46.11%, 41.14%, and 39.42%, respectively. Most laboratories in the surveys suggested they set different critical limits for children and adults. The analytes of critical values chosen most frequently were potassium, glucose, sodium, calcium, pH, pCO2, pO2, white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen. The analytes with most critical values were potassium, blood gas, and creatinine for clinical biochemistry, pCO2for blood gas, and WBC, Hb, and PT for hematology testing. The medians of critical limits for potassium, sodium, calcium, and glucose were not significantly different from the results of the national survey conducted by Kost in 1990.Conclusions:Remarkable inter-laboratory difference in the development and implementation of critical values reporting procedure were found. Laboratories should communicate with clinicians to obtain consensus on the analytes and limits of critical values.
Complex visual hallucinations in a patient with chronic schizophrenia and alcohol dependence: a case report and literature review
Authors: Dobry Yuriy , Sher Leo 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe aim of this study was to report a patient with complex visual perceptual disturbances and a 30-year history of schizophrenia and alcohol dependence, and to formulate a comprehensive clinical approach to this unique neuropsychiatric phenomenon.The authors report subjective and objective information from the patient’s past medial history and current admission. The authors also did a comprehensive review of the literature on complex visual hallucinations.Complex visual hallucination is a frightening experience, with a pathogenesis ranging from chronic psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, to acute neurological events, such as cerebrovascular accident. The hallucination content is typically described by patients as vivid with dynamic images, in striking colors and clear contours. The authors report a patient earlier diagnosed with schizophrenia and alcohol dependence disorder who became agitated following a sudden onset of visions of vivid, interactive images of people and animals.Due to the scope of the differential diagnosis, identifying the exact underlying etiology of complex visual hallucinations is often challenging, yet critical, in preventing the high risk of morbidity and mortality associated with some of the root causes of this neuropsychiatric phenomenon.
Evaluation of Lycopene Loss and Colour Values in Convective Drying of Tomato by Surface Response Methodology
Authors: Coelho Karen , Costa Bruna R. , Pinto Luiz Antonio de Almeida 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The increasing interest in the antioxidant activity of lycopene has been to promote the consumption of tomato and tomato-based products. The aim of this work was to evaluate tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) drying in thin layer through response surface methodology. The independent variables investigated in this study were drying air temperature (60, 70 and 80°C) and wet sample thickness (3, 5 and 7 mm). The drying condition with the lower colour value (Hue angle) and higher lycopene content was 60°C and sample thickness of 3 mm. In this condition, the responses for the colour (Hue angle) and lycopene content values were 47.7 0.2° and 301.9 3.1 μg g–
1, respectively. The lycopene loss was similar to that reported in the literature (30–50%) using more expensive methods of tomato drying such as freeze-drying and lyophilization.
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Educational Achievement in Children Aged 8–9 Years
Authors: O’Leary Colleen M. , Taylor Cate , Zubrick Stephen R. , Kurinczuk Jennifer J. , Bower Carol 
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE:
This study examines the relationships between the dose, pattern, and timing of prenatal alcohol exposure and achievement in reading, writing, spelling, and numeracy in children aged 8 to 9 years.

METHODS:
Data from a randomly selected, population-based birth cohort of infants born to non-Indigenous women in Western Australia between 1995 and 1997 (n = 4714) (Randomly Ascertained Sample of Children born in Australia’s Largest State Study cohort) were linked to the Western Australian Midwives’ Notification System and the Western Australian Literacy and Numeracy Assessment statewide education testing program. The records for 86% (n = 4056) of the cohort were successfully linked with education records when the children were aged 8 to 9 years. The associations between prenatal alcohol exposure and achievement of national benchmarks in school numeracy, reading, spelling, and writing tests and nonattendance for the tests was examined. Logistic regression was used to generate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounding factors. The referent group included children of mothers who previously drank alcohol but who abstained during pregnancy.

RESULTS:
Children were twice as likely not to achieve the benchmark for reading after heavy prenatal alcohol exposure during the first trimester (aOR 2.26; 95% CI 1.10–4.65) and for writing when exposed to occasional binge drinking in late pregnancy (aOR 2.35; 95% CI 1.04–5.43). Low-moderate prenatal alcohol exposure was not associated with academic underachievement.

CONCLUSIONS:
The type of learning problems expressed depends on the dose, pattern, and timing of prenatal alcohol exposure.
DNA Transfection Efficiency of Antimicrobial Peptide as Revealed by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Javkhlantugs Namsrai , Munkhtsetseg Janlav , Ganzorig Chimed , Ueda Kazuyoshi 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThe peptide-DNA complex was investigated by using molecular dynamics simulation to analyze the transfection efficiency of cationic amphipathic peptide. Previously, the cationic peptide, LFampinB, with positively charged amino acid residues of Lysines was used to investigate the orientation and interaction energies for entering the cell though disruption of the endosomal membrane. The same interactions were obtained for N-terminus of the LFampinB peptide with membrane and with plasmid DNA. The N-terminus of LFampinB can bind at minor groove of DNA to make complexation of the peptide with DNA.
Biotemplating Magnetic Nanoparticles on Patterned Surfaces for Potential Use in Data Storage
Authors: Galloway Johanna M. , Bird Scott M. , Bramble Jonathan P. , Critchley Kevin , Staniland Sarah S. 
Published: July 2013

ABSTRACTThin-films of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with high coercivities are deposited onto surfaces for use in data storage applications. This usually requires specialist clean-room facilities, sputtering equipment and high temperatures to achieve the correct crystallographic phases. One possible cheaper and more environmentally friendly alternative could be to use biomolecules. Many biomineralization and biotemplating molecules have been identified that are able to template a wide range of technologically relevant materials using mild, aqueous chemistry under physiological reaction conditions. Here, we have designed a dual affinity peptide (DAP) sequence to template MNPs onto a surface. One end of the DAP has a high binding affinity for SiO2and the other for MNPs of the L10phase of CoPt, a high coercivity magnetic material. Images of the biomineralized substrates show that nanoparticles of CoPt are localized onto the areas that were functionalized with the biotemplating DAP. Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) plots of the biotemplated nanoparticles show that there is magnetic contrast on the patterned surface.
Understanding Neonatal Ventilation: Strategies for Decision Making in the NICU
Authors: Petty Julia 
Published: July 2013

AbstractNeonatal ventilation is an integral component of care delivered in the neonatal unit. The aim of any ventilation strategy is to support the neonate’s respiratory system during compromise while limiting any long-term damage to the lungs. Understanding the principles behind neonatal ventilation is essential so that health professionals caring for sick neonates and families have the necessary knowledge to understand best practice. Given the range of existing ventilation modes and parameters available, these require explanation and clarification in the context of current evidence. Many factors can influence clinical decision making on both an individual level and within the wider perspective of neonatal care.
Association of Glycation Gap With Mortality and Vascular Complications in Diabetes
Authors: Nayak Ananth U. , Nevill Alan M. , Bassett Paul , Singh Baldev M. 
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE
The “glycation gap” (G-gap), an essentially unproven concept, is an empiric measure of disagreement between HbA1c and fructosamine, the two indirect estimates of glycemic control. Its association with demographic features and key clinical outcomes in individuals with diabetes is uncertain.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The G-gap was calculated as the difference between measured HbA1c and a fructosamine-derived standardized predicted HbA1c in 3,182 individuals with diabetes. The G-gap’s associations with demographics and clinical outcomes (retinopathy, nephropathy, macrovascular disease, and mortality) were determined.

RESULTS
Demographics varied significantly with G-gap for age, sex, ethnic status, smoking status, type and duration of diabetes, insulin use, and obesity. A positive G-gap was associated with retinopathy (odds ratio 1.24 [95% CI 1.01–1.52], P = 0.039), nephropathy (1.55 [1.23–1.95], P &lt; 0.001), and, in a subset, macrovascular disease (1.91 [1.18–3.09], P = 0.008). In Cox regression analysis, the G-gap had a “U”-shaped quadratic relationship with mortality, with both negative G-gap (1.96 [1.50–2.55], P &lt; 0.001) and positive G-gap (2.02 [1.57–2.60], P &lt; 0.001) being associated with a significantly higher mortality.

CONCLUSIONS
We confirm published associations of G-gap with retinopathy and nephropathy. We newly demonstrate a relationship with macrovascular and mortality outcomes and potential links to distinct subpopulations of diabetes.
The Effect of Exogenous Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide in Combination With Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 on Glycemia in the Critically Ill
Authors: Lee Michael Y. , Fraser Jonathan D. , Chapman Marianne J. , Sundararajan Krishnaswamy , Umapathysivam Mahesh M. , Summers Matthew J. , Zaknic Antony V. , Rayner Christopher K. , Meier Juris J. , Horowitz Michael , Deane Adam M. 
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) have additive insulinotropic effects when coadministered in health. We aimed to determine whether GIP confers additional glucose lowering to that of GLP-1 in the critically ill.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Twenty mechanically ventilated critically ill patients without known diabetes were studied in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover fashion on 2 consecutive days. Between T0 and T420 minutes, GLP-1 (1.2 pmol/kg · min−1) was infused intravenously with either GIP (2 pmol/kg · min−1) or 0.9% saline. Between T60 and T420 minutes, nutrient liquid was infused into the small intestine at 1.5 kcal/min.

RESULTS
Adding GIP did not alter blood glucose or insulin responses to small intestinal nutrient. GIP increased glucagon concentrations slightly before nutrient delivery (P = 0.03), but not thereafter.

CONCLUSIONS
The addition of GIP to GLP-1 does not result in additional glucose-lowering or insulinotropic effects in critically ill patients with acute-onset hyperglycemia.
Plasma Lipopolysaccharide Is Closely Associated With Glycemic Control and Abdominal Obesity
Authors: Trøseid Marius , Nestvold Torunn K. , Rudi Knut , Thoresen Hanne , Nielsen Erik W. , Lappegård Knut T. 
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE
It is of vital importance to elucidate the triggering factors of obesity and type 2 diabetes to improve patient care. Bariatric surgery has been shown to prevent and even cure diabetes, but the mechanism is unknown. Elevated levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) predict incident diabetes, but the sources of LPS are not clarified. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the potential impact of plasma LPS on abdominal obesity and glycemic control in subjects undergoing bariatric surgery.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This was a prospective observational study involving a consecutive sample of 49 obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery and 17 controls. Main assessments were plasma LPS, HbA1c, adipose tissue volumes (computed tomography), and quantified bacterial DNA in adipose tissue compartments.

RESULTS
Plasma levels of LPS were elevated in obese individuals compared with controls (P &lt; 0.001) and were reduced after bariatric surgery (P = 0.010). LPS levels were closely correlated with HbA1c (r = 0.56; P = 0.001) and intra-abdominal fat volumes (r = 0.61; P &lt; 0.001), but only moderately correlated with subcutaneous fat volumes (r = 0.33; P = 0.038). Moreover, there was a decreasing gradient (twofold) in bacterial DNA levels going from mesenteric via omental to subcutaneous adipose tissue compartments (P = 0.041). Finally, reduced LPS levels after bariatric surgery were directly correlated with a reduction in HbA1c (r = 0.85; P &lt; 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings support a hypothesis of translocated gut bacteria as a potential trigger of obesity and diabetes, and suggest that the antidiabetic effects of bariatric surgery might be mechanistically linked to, and even the result of, a reduction in plasma levels of LPS.
Travelling to services in the daily urban system of Olomouc
Authors: Halás Marián , Zuskáčová Veronika 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The service sector is quite broad: it includes basic services for the population as well as highly sophisticated services, public as well as commercial services, etc. Commuting to services is one of the fundamental regional processes and together with work commuting it creates an entry basis for the construction of socalled catchment, or nodal regions which should be crucial in the construction of an administrative division of a country.
The main objective of this paper is to identify a selected group of spatial interaction in the daily urban system of Olomouc, i.e. in a region dominated by work commuting to the city of Olomouc. More specifically, the paper deals with the interaction of commuting to a wide range of services of non-commercial (social) as well as of commercial character in two hierarchical levels - local and micro-regional. Based on the data obtained by the method of questionnaire research from local leaders (mayors) we analysed the mobility of people to primary and secondary schools, hospitals, shops, culture and sport. As far as the retail network is concerned, the analysis of spatial differentiation of the catchment area to three large department stores was made for villages in Olomouc hinterland. Individual catchment regions for specific services were constructed by a verified method based on commuting flows. Synthetic evaluation contains an identification of so-called complex service regions in the daily urban system of Olomouc. In comparison with our previous studies we tried to describe basic trends in service infrastructure and changes in travelling to services.
The development and structure of industry in the district of Bağcılar, Istanbul
Authors: Temurçin Kadir 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
As a part of Istanbul Metropolis, Bağcılar has been one of the leading centers of developments in parallel with the developments in outward-oriented economy and industrialization in the 1980’s in Turkey. After these years of experiencing rapid urbanisation and industrialisation, the district has taken a look far from its earlier appearance. During this period of migration fact from suburbs to the cities, one of those who took the biggest share is Bağcılar. The purpose of this study is to determine the historical development of industrialization in Bağcılar and the causes of this development, its structure, and its sectors distribution. As an operation of a regional industry, this study handles the features of Bağcılar District Location, the factors that affect the industry in the District, the sectors distribution of industry and environmental issues.
Mot ett kontinentalt dryckesmönster, eller inte? Förändringar i svenskarnas alkoholkonsumtion mellan 1996 och 2005
Authors: Tryggvesson Kalle 
Published: July 2013

Aim Alcohol consumption on an aggregate level rose by 30 percent in Sweden between 1996 and 2004 according to available research. However, alcohol-related harm has not increased as much as expected. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the self-reported alcohol consumption changed between 1996 and 2005. Data Self-reported alcohol consumption was investigated with four identical surveys implemented by Statistics Sweden, 1996 (n = 5891, response rate 78.7 %), 1997 (n = 5807, response rate 77.8 %), 2004 (n = 5591, response rate 74.8 %) and 2006 (4277, response rate 75.1 %). In addition to weekly volume of alcohol consumption, we have data on beverage specific consumption, daily alcohol consumption for the different days of the week, frequency of binge drinking and several background variables of good quality. Results Self-reported alcohol consumption rose between 96/97 and 04/05, but only with 15 percent. The increase was relatively evenly distributed but women, older people and low to middle consumer groups increased their consumption the most. The frequency of binge drinking also increased as did the proportion of alcohol consumed during the weekend. Conclusions The increase in alcohol consumption was smaller in our study than the increase reported earlier. A few changes in the consumption pattern that could explain a diverging trend between the total alcohol consumption and alcohol related harms were found.
Yardstick Competition in case of the Czech Property Tax
Authors: Sedmihradská Lucie 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIntroduction of the local coefficient in the property tax law since 2009 gave a significant tax authority to Czech municipalities; on average they can up to quadruple their property tax revenue which means increasing their total revenue by more than 10%. Czech municipalities appeared very cautious when exercising this new autonomy and only less than 8% of them applied the local coefficient in 2013.The theory of yardstick competition offers one of the possible explanations of this reluctance: Voters do not vote for politicians who increase taxes unless the politicians in the neighbouring jurisdictions increase taxes as well. So municipal politicians are carefully observing what others do and approve the local coefficient with prudence.The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the usage of the local coefficient with special regard to spatial distribution and impacts on re-election and to verify the existence of the yardstick competition among Czech municipalities in case of the property tax.The results of the difference of means test using data for 206 municipalities with extended scope comply with this theory: (1) politicians who applied local coefficient in 2010 got re-elected in a significantly lesser number of municipalities than those who did not, and (2) in all years analyzed, municipalities applying local coefficient are surrounded by a higher share of municipalities with local coefficient than municipalities without it.
Mistrz i uczeń albo sekrety humanistów Dialog Jana z Wiślicy z Pawłem z Krosna na kartach Wojny pruskiej / The Master And His Apprentice , or the Secrets of the Humanists : The Dialogue of Jan of Wiślica (Joannis Vislicensis ) And Paweł of Krosno in the Bellum Prutenum (1516)
Authors: Buszewicz Elwira 
Published: July 2013

Summary
The article contains the original text and the Polish translation of two Latin elegies from the Bellum Prutenum (The Prussian War) by Jan of Wiślica (Joannis Vislicensis), published in Cracow in 1516. The first is a plea addressed to the author by Paweł of Krosno (Paulus Crosnensis Ruthenus) to start his book with an appropriate epigram; the latter is a reply to that request. This description, however, does not exhaust the meaning of the two poems. Their full, more complex significance can be unlocked with help of the conventions and codes of the Humanist discourse. Interpreted in the light of the 16th-century thinking about poetry and the process of learning, this versified dialogue appears to be a record of a master-pupil relationship, which, after Jan of Wiślica’s apprenticeship ceremony, is transformed into a bond of friendship. The poems also contain a string of timely reflections on the nature of the poetic craft.