bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Care Gaps and Referral Patterns in Acute Dermatology at Urgent Care Centers
Authors: Rahman Syed Minhaj , Bowden Acacia , Green Clayton B. , Pentland Alice P. , Richardson Christopher T. , DeBenedetto Anna , Plovanich Molly , Wolf Julie Ryan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Limited urgent access to board-certified dermatologists drives patients to seek dermatologic care at urgent care centers (UCC). UCC are staffed by clinicians with comparatively limited dermatology training, often resulting in lower quality care for acute dermatology conditions. This study investigates health care referral outcomes of patients seeking dermatologic care at UCC, examine the appropriateness of UCC dermatologic care, and assess the feasibility of referral management by eConsult. We utilize a retrospective cohort of 807 patients and a provider survey to examine referral outcomes of patients referred to University of Rochester Dermatology (UR-Derm), a tertiary care university-based teaching hospital, from UR UCC between January 1, 2021, and August 31, 2022. Outcomes for healthcare referrals included patient demographics, referral completion rates, UR-Derm appointment wait times, and diagnostic concordance rates between UCC and UR-Derm. Outcomes from the provider survey included appropriateness of UCC treatment plans, appropriateness of UCC referral to UR-Derm, and feasibility of referral management by eConsult. Patients who utilized UCC were predominately white (77.0%) females (53.9%) with a mean age of 37.9 years. Most patients referred by UCC did not complete an in-person UR-Derm evaluation (58.6%). Of those who did complete a UR-Derm visit, the average wait time was 38.3 days. Only 56% of UCC and UR-Derm diagnoses were concordant. Our surveyed dermatologists deemed 30% of the UCC treatment plans appropriate. The majority of referrals (83.5%) were viewed as manageable with an eConsult with only 10% of referrals requiring in-person visit. Several practice gaps exist in specialty care delivery in UCC and additional inefficiencies exist in the urgent referral process. These gaps could be addressed by targeted educational interventions and availability of dermatology consultation to support urgent care.
Is Education Level Associated with Polypharmacy Considering Socio-economic Factors? A cross-sectional survey of the Amirkola Health and Aging Project
Authors: Ghasemi Abolfazl , Gholamnia-Shirvani Zainab , Pourhadi Samaneh , Hosseini Seyed Reza , Bijani Ali , Ghadimi Reza 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The elderly population is more prone to chronic diseases, leading to polypharmacy, influenced by various factors. This study examined the relationship between education, socio-economics, and polypharmacy. As part of the initial phase of a cohort on the health status of the elderly in Amirkola City (northern Iran) initiated in 2011, this descriptive-analytical study (2023) involved individuals aged 60 and above. A total of 400 elderly participants were selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected from the cohort database via demographic, medication, and medical history questionnaires. The average number of medications used was 3.80 ± 0.04. No significant association was found between education and polypharmacy (P = 0.127); however, a trend was observed where increased education corresponded with fewer polypharmacy. The highest medication usage (4.46 ± 3.27) was observed among the illiterate elderly. No significant association was identified between education and polypharmacy when considering gender, occupation, income satisfaction, and marital status (P > 0.05); yet, the majority of individuals experiencing polypharmacy were men, housewives, or retirees, those with low-income satisfaction, and married. The level of education had no significant relationship with polypharmacy considering socio-economics, despite the fact that the more literate elderly had less polypharmacy. The reason for the mentioned results should be investigated in future studies.
Self-assembly of S,N-codoped Ce/Cu bimetallic nanoparticles for fluorescence and visual detection of hexavalent chromium
Authors: Yang Hanyu , Yang Kaijing , Tang Rong , Chen Hui , Liu Wei , Yang Xiupei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

As a carcinogen, hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) has attracted much attention for its quantitative detection. Herein, fluorescent S,N-codoped Cu/Ce-DAMP nanoparticles (S,N-codoped Cu/Ce NPs) were obtained by doping Ce2(SO4)3 in DAMP (4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine)-encapsulated Cu nanoclusters (Cu NCs) via a simple, rapid, hypothermic, green and energy-saving self-assembly synthesis method that can detect Cr(VI). The obtained Cu/Ce NPs exhibited double emission peaks at 470 nm and 610 nm. Based on the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect, the fluorescence emission at 610 nm is significant, and the quantum yield is as high as 20.19%. The fluorescence emission at 610 nm can be selectively quenched by Cr(VI) due to the internal filter effect (IFE) and dynamic quenching, while the weak fluorescence at 470 nm remains almost stable. Based on this, a fluorescence assay method for Cr(VI) was established, with good linearity in the concentration range of 0.5–120 µM and a detection limit (LOD) of 134 nM. Using a smartphone to take photos of the fluorescence signals of Cr(VI) solutions can achieve rapid visual detection, with a linear range of 10–130 µM and an LOD of 2.35 µM. The proposed method was successfully applied to the detection of Cr(VI) in actual water samples.
Terahertz Optical Sensor based on Helically Twisted Photonic Crystal Fiber for Toxic Gases Sensing
Authors: Sharif Vahid , Saberi Hana , Pakarzadeh Hassan 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

A helically twisted photonic crystal fiber (PCF) gas sensor composed of 12 hollow pipes around the core in the cladding region is proposed and examined in the 0.3-3.0 terahertz (THz) frequency range for sensing toxic gases. The suggested THz optical sensor has been designed and simulated using the finite-difference eigenmode (FDE) method. The sensor with one twist along 50 cm- fiber exhibits four frequency bands with very low loss and high detection percentage. For each frequency band of toxic gases with nG = 1.00, 1.02, 1.04, 1.06 and 1.08, the refractive index sensitivity of 1450, 2250, 3000, and 2550 GHz/RIU are obtained, respectively. Furthermore, transmission loss and figure of merit (FOM) have been obtained as 10-4-10-2 1/cm and 50 - 250 1/RIU, respectively. Finally, the proposed THz sensor is shown to be a very good candidate for sensing toxic gases owing to its high performance and simple structure.
Reduction of Anuran Richness Across Anthropogenically Altered Landscape in a Biodiverse Region
Authors: Kron Brian C. , Root Karen V. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Poor understanding of population locations of study species can limit the effectiveness of management and transferability of research results. Additionally, it is essential to understand landscape factors that are contributing to species diversity and population declines, if they are to be mitigated with conservation action. Anurans are the most threatened vertebrate taxa worldwide, as well as an excellent indicator taxa for conservation purposes. Species Distribution Modeling, using Maxent, provides an opportunity to map both population occurrence and elucidate landscape factors that impact Anuran populations, which in turn can help inform species/habitat conservation efforts. We utilized Maxent modeling and species occurrence from previous Anuran auditory surveying to identify population occurrence throughout our study region and determine which landscape variables affect species richness. We found that urban and suburban areas harbored a limited number of locations across the landscape that are suitable for greater Anuran richness. We found that the presence of cropland in the surrounding area was the factor that most negatively influenced species richness. Cropland was followed by the amount of urban landcover and the amount of impervious surface. Swamp forest and greater NDVI were the variables that most consistently related to an increase in species richness or presence of a specific species, though their model contributions were generally far lower than aforementioned negative influential variables. This framework can be applied to any area with suitable landcover maps with Anurans present, and can also be used, via using Anurans as indicators, to identify locations for habitat and species conservation.
Quantifying water stress and temperature effects on quinoa seed germination using hydrothermal-time-to-event models
Authors: sepasi shima , gholipoor manochehr , abbasdokht hamid , khorshidi mehdi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), exhibits considerable tolerance to abiotic stresses, and its grains are rich in essential minerals, vitamins, and protein. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of water potential (ψ) and temperature (T) on quinoa germination behavior using the most efficient models (hydrothermal-time-to-event models) as the first study in this case. One of the advantages of these models is that their parameters accurately represent the cardinal Ts, eliminating the need to use additional non-linear equations. For this purpose, quinoa seeds were incubated at a factorial arrangement of eight Ts (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 ◦C) and four ψs (0, − 4, − 8, and − 12 bar). The detailed regression analysis results revealed that T × ψ interaction was synergistic, rather than additive, especially at warmer Ts and lower ψs. The ψb value remained constant at Ts ≤ 22.7 ◦C (− 18.68 bar), afterward it increased (shifted to positive values) linearly to − 9.12 bar at 40 ◦C. The thermal-time-to-event model accurately (R2 > 0.97) showed that the ψ levels increased Tb, but decreased Tc; however, the Topt remained statistically constant at different ψs. Cardinal Ts for quinoa germination at zero bar were estimated to be 2.2 ◦C for Tb, 31.86 ◦C for Topt, and 44.33 ◦C for Tc. Consequently, quinoa could be categorized as a cold-tolerant and suitable for cultivation in arid regions because of its high resistance to low ψs.
Composite solutions to a liquid bilayer model
Authors: Kitavtsev Georgy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This article continues the research initiated in [17]. We derive explicit formulae for the leading order profiles of eleven types of stationary solutions to a one-dimensional two-layer thin-film liquid model considered with an intermolecular potential depending on both layer heights. The found solutions are composed of the repeated elementary blocks (bulk, contact line and ultra-thin film ones) being consistently asymptotically matched together. We show that once considered on a finite interval with Neumann boundary conditions these stationary solutions are either dynamically stable or weakly translationally unstable. Other composite solutions are found to be numerically unstable and rather exhibit complex coarsening dynamics.
Effect of basal metabolic rate on the development of sarcopenia, a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Liyang , Wu Tongyang , Wang Yue , Chen Xukun , Zhu Yun , Lu Wenli , Sun Jian , Huang Guowei , Li Wen 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Backgrounds
There are various studies linking basal metabolic rate (BMR) and sarcopenia, but the causal relationship remains uncertain. We conducted a Mendelian random (MR) analysis to investigate the causal association between BMR and sarcopenia.
Methods
The inverse variance weighting approach was utilized as the primary method for Mendelian random analysis. This study analyzed the causal relationships between BMR and sarcopenia, and BMR as the exposure factor and characteristics associated with sarcopenia (grip strength, lean body mass, walking pace) as outcome indicators. To ensure the accuracy of our analysis, we conducted a sensitivity analysis using Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, leave-one-out analysis, and the funnel plot technique.
Results
Our study found that there was a positive relationship between BMR and grip strength in both the right hand (IVW: β = 0.30, 95% CI, 0.28-0.32, p=1.47e−159) and left hand (IVW: β = 0.28, 95% CI, 0.26-0.31, p=1.26e−149). We also observed a positive correlation between BMR and whole lean body mass (IVW: β = 0.97, 95% CI, 0.96-0.98, p=0.00), appendicular lean mass (IVW: β = 1.36, 95% CI, 1.32-1.41, p=0.00), and walking pace (IVW: β = -0.05, 95% CI, -0.07−-0.03, p=1.18e−8). Furthermore, we found that a lower BMR was associated with a higher risk of having low hand grip strength (OR =0.56; 95% CI, 0.52-0.60; P=4.97e−54).
Conclusion
MR analysis revealed that individuals with a higher BMR have a lower risk of developing sarcopenia, indicating an inverse causal relationship between BMR and sarcopenia.
Impact of Global Warming on Tourism Values: Evidence from Mobile Phone Signaling Data in China
Authors: Liu Pengfei , Du Jue , Hou Lingling , huang kaixing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

We estimate the impact of global warming on tourism based on mobile phone signaling data of more than 300 million individuals in China. The signaling data enable identification of both the push and pull effects of temperatures in the origin and destinations, avoiding the potential bias caused by focusing solely on the origin or destination. Based on the data from all the 330 cities to Inner Mongolia, the most popular summer vacation destinations in China, we find that one additional heat day (daily average temperature above 28°C) at the origin results in a 1.3% increase in tourist arrivals from the origin to the destination. At the destination, one additional comfortable day (daily average temperature between 20 to 26°C) leads to a 0.5% increase in tourist arrivals, while one additional heat days over 26°C leads to a 3.6% decrease in tourist arrivals. The push effects of heat days diminish with increasing travel distance and cost, whereas infrastructure enhancements at the destination reinforce the pull effects of comfortable days. Heterogeneity analysis shows that females and tourists over 29 years old are more responsive to comfortable temperatures at the destination, while tourist below 29 years old and over 50 years old are more sensitive to heat days in the origin cities. Projections indicate that global warming could reduce Inner Mongolia’s annual tourism revenue by 33-56 billion RMB by 2100, equivalent to 9.7-16.8% of its tourism revenue in 2023.
Exposure to Underestimated Channelized Melt in Antarctic Ice Shelves
Authors: Zinck Ann-Sofie Priergaard , Lhermitte Stef , Wearing Martin , Wouters Bert 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The future sea level contribution from Antarctica is crucially important for coastal communities, but highly uncertain. This uncertainty largely stems from the complex interaction between the ocean and the ice shelves, which is both difficult to observe and model. To better understand and constrain the land ice response to a reduced buttressing exerted by ice shelves., efforts are needed to fully comprehend basal melt rates and their impact on ice shelf weakening and retreat. Here, we present high-resolution basal melt maps (50 m) based on a combination of stereo imagery and satellite altimetry, revealing pronounced channelized melting patterns that were previously substantially underestimated (42-50\%), This underestimation in melt rates implies that channel incision rates and breakthrough times have been underestimated, making breakthrough more likely and ice shelves more susceptible to damage. Accurately simulating such small-scale dynamics in ice-sheet models remains challenging but is essential for accurate sea level rise projections.
Performance of Marigold in Harad (Terminalia chebula) Based Agroforestry System
Authors: Akram Mohd. , Gupta Meenakshi , Gupta L M , Javaid Mohd 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The current study aims to determine the impact of tree components on Tagetes erecta development and yield, as well as to assess the economic feasibility of an agroforestry system based on Harad and marigold. Nine treatments, each with three replications, were included in the RBD (Randomized Block Design) experiment layout.Three marigold types, PusaBasantiGainda, PusaNarangiGainda, and Medium-M45, were planted under the canopy of a Harad (Terminaliachebula) tree at two different distances, D1: 0–1 m and D2: 1-2 m, with a single cropping of PusaBasantiGainda, PusaNarangiGainda, and Medium-M45 serving as the control.As a result of competition for light and other natural resources, the results showed that Harad (Terminalia chebula) inhibited the development and yield of the marigold cultivars Pusa Basanti Gainda, Pusa Narangi Gainda, and Medium-M45 at 0-1m and 1-2m relative to the tree.
Under canopy, the MediumM45 outperformed the Pusa Narangi Gainda and Pusa Basanti Gainda at all tree distances.In control settings (open air), marigold variety growth and yield were at its highest.Furthermore, in open circumstances, MediumM45 outperformed the other two types.In the context of an agroforestry system, the highest B:C ratio was found in Harad + Medium-M45 (8.89), followed by Harad + PusaNarangiGainda (6.43) and Harad + PusaBasantiGainda (6.15). For a single crop, the highest B:C ratio was found in Medium-M45 (7.15), followed by PusaNarangiGainda (2.5) and PusaBasantiGainda (1.63).The three Gainda locations with the greatest LER values were PusaBasanti (2.89), PusaNarangi (2.62), and Medium-M45 (1.68).The findings of this investigation indicate that Marigold can be successfully integrated with the harad plantations. The bestvariety is Medium-M45 and PusaNarangiGainda has better growth and yield compared to PusaBasantiGainda. Since the three systems had LER >1 it could be recommended to farmers under sub-tropical region of Jammu,J&K.
Dissipative preparation of a Floquet topological insulator in an optical lattice via bath engineering
Authors: Schnell Alexander , Weitenberg Christof , Eckardt André 
Published: August 2024

Floquet engineering is an important tool for realizing topologically nontrivial band structures for charge-neutral atoms in optical lattices. However, the preparation of a topological-band-insulator-type state of fermions, with one nontrivial quasi-energy band filled completely and the others empty, is challenging as a result of both driving induced heating as well as imperfect adiabatic state preparation (with the latter induced by the unavoidable gap closing when passing the topological transition). An alternative procedure that has been proposed is to prepare such states dissipatively, i.e. as a steady state that emerges when coupling the system to reservoirs. Here we discuss a concrete scheme that couples the system to a weakly interacting Bose condensate given by second atomic species acting as a heat bath. Our strategy relies on the engineering of the potential for the bath particles, so that they occupy weakly coupled tubes perpendicular to the two-dimensional system. Using Floquet-Born-Markov theory, we show that the resulting nonequilibrium steady state of the driven-dissipative system approximates a topological insulator. We even find indications for the approximate stabilization of an anomalous Floquet topological insulator, a state that is impossible to realize in equilibrium.
Sanitation for All
Authors: Cisneros Blanca Elena Jiménez , Bahri Akissa , Calabria de Araújo Juliana , Campos Claudia , Castro de Esparza María Luisa , Genthe Bettina , Kehoe Paula , Schuster-Wallace Corinne , Sirikanchana Kwanrawee , Sato Maria Inês Zanoli 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Can women bring a fresh perspective to the provision of global sanitation services? The co-authors of this book, through their strong socio-political and scientific experiences, believe this to be the case. The book offers a critical look at the challenges and solutions needed to achieve Sanitation for All, including for vulnerable people, refugees, asylum seekers, stateless, or internally displaced persons, and especially women. We present sanitation policy and decision making from the perspective of women, providing conclusions to the prevailing debates.
In 2022, 43% of the world's population lacked access to safely managed sanitation. Poor sanitation is linked to the transmission of diarrhoeal diseases, exacerbates stunting, and contributes to the spread of antimicrobial resistance. In low-income countries, 5% of deaths are associated with unsafe sanitation. Poor sanitation affects mental well-being and safety, especially for women and children. Lack of sanitation costs around 2% of GDP (a figure that increases rapidly with epidemic outbreaks) because of income losses from trade and tourism and the impact on water quality.
Besides being part of our human right to water, sanitation is essential to reach the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals on poverty, health, education, gender, water, equity, cities and the sustainable environment. Nevertheless, convincing politicians to invest in sanitation is a daunting challenge since, in contrast to drinking water, it is not an immediate vote-winner and is perceived as an unpleasant topic for public discussion. Despite this, to achieve the SDG target by 2030, a five-fold increase on current rates of progress will be required.
The role of women in sanitation planning and implementation is key, due to their leadership in communities and their ability to organise and guarantee the sustainability of systems. Furthermore, women's care-giving nature at home and in their communities has led them to understand the importance of sanitation and being open to discussing it publicly; women stand ready to raise the profile of this subject, putting it on a higher level on the political agenda.
This book is vital reading not just for women but all stakeholders and partners in the water industry, especially those working in the sanitation and hygiene sectors.
ISBN: 9781789064032 (paperback)
ISBN: 9781789064049 (eBook)
ISBN: 9781789064056 (ePub)
Occurrence of pathogenic Mycobacteria avium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in outdoor decorative fountain water and the associated microbial community
Authors: Zhou Qiaomei , Huang Jingang , Wen Shilin , Lou Yucheng , Qiu Shanshan , Li Huanxuan , Zhou Rongbing , Tang Junhong 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Outdoor decorative fountains usually attract residents to visit. However, opportunistic pathogens (OPs) can proliferate and grow in the stagnant fountain water, posing potential health risks to visitors due to the inhalation of spaying aerosols. In this study, the abundance of selected OPs and associated microbial communities in three large outdoor decorative fountain waters were investigated using quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA sequencing. The results indicated that Mycobacteria avium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were consistently detected in all decorative fountain waters throughout the year. Redundancy analysis showed that OPs abundance was negatively correlated with water temperature but positively correlated with nutrient concentrations. The gene copy numbers of M. avium varied between 2.4 and 3.9 log10 (gene copies/mL), which were significantly lower than P. aeruginosa by several orders of magnitude, reaching 6.5–7.1 log10 (gene copies/mL) during winter. The analysis of taxonomic composition and prediction of functional potential also revealed pathogenic microorganisms and infectious disease metabolic pathways associated with microbial communities in different decorative fountain waters. This study provided a deeper understanding of the pathogenic conditions of the outdoor decorative fountain water, and future works should focus on accurately assessing the health risks posed by OPs in aerosols.