bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial patterns of congruence or mismatch between taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity and endemism of perennial flora along the aridity gradient of Chile
Authors: Poch Paola , Poulin Elie , Pérez María Fernanda , Peralta Gioconda , Hinojosa Luis Felipe 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionUnderstanding the relationships between taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity and endemism across environmental gradients is essential for elucidating the eco-evolutionary mechanisms that shape local plant communities.MethodsA database was compiled from field surveys, national herbarium records, and virtual records of perennial plant specimens collected in the aridity gradient of northern Chile, between 18 and 32°S. A large-scale dated phylogeny of available perennial plants was used, and 11 functional traits were selected to construct a dendrogram using the Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) method for the species present in our database. We calculated spatial patterns of a-diversity, including taxonomic (TD), functional (FD), and phylogenetic (PD) diversity, as well as weighted (WE), functional (FE), and phylogenetic (PE) endemism. We used multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) to identify spatial congruencies and discrepancies among these dimensions and to test different eco-evolutionary processes.ResultsThe diversity indices TD, FD and PD showed similar geographic patterns (R2 &gt; 0.93), with lower diversity observed in absolute desert regions. The pattern of weighted endemism (WE) showed a weak association with functional endemism (FE) and phylogenetic endemism (PE) (local R2 &lt; 0.48). The regions with lower FD or PD than expected given the TD (i.e. FD&lt;TD and PD&lt;TD) are mainly located in desert areas, as well as in high Andean areas influenced by the Atacama Desert, suggesting communities with associated in situ speciation processes, as well as a limitation of morpho-functional trait diversity in response to extreme environmental conditions (environmental filter hypothesis). Similarly, where FE and PE values are higher than expected given the WE (i.e. FE&gt;WE and PE&gt;WE), they are found in arid, high Andean and transitional zones, at different altitudes, which would indicate a greater presence of phylogenetic lineages and species with morpho-functional traits related to extreme environmental conditions and transitional biomes (arid-semiarid).DiscussionThese spatial discrepancies suggest different eco-evolutionary drivers between the dimensions of diversity and endemism (taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic). Areas of high diversity and high endemism do not necessarily coincide, and both should be addressed by conservation efforts.
A social science trust taxonomy with emergent vectors and symmetry
Authors: Mobbs Anthony E. D. , Boag Simon 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionTrust is foundational to all social science domains, but to date, there is no unifying theory or consistent measurement basis spanning the social sciences. This research hypothesized that trust forms the basis of an ontology that could unify the social science domains. The proposed ontology comprises a Cartesian plane with axes self-trust and other-trust. Self-trust manifests in dominant behaviors, and other-trust manifests in cooperative behaviors. Both axes are divided into five discrete categories, creating a matrix of 25 cells. All words in the lexicon are allocated into one of these 25 cells.MethodsThis research started with an existing 14,000-word lexicon of dominance and affiliation. The lexicon was extended by manually identifying and including socially descriptive words with information regarding self-trust, other-trust, dominance, and cooperation. The taxonomy was optimized using the Gradient Descent machine learning algorithm and commercially curated synonyms and antonyms. The t-test was employed as the objective (or loss) function for Gradient Descent optimization. Word vectors were identified using groups of four words related as synonyms and antonyms.ResultsOver 30,000 words were identified and included in the lexicon. The optimization process yielded a t-score of over 1,000. Over 226,000 vectors were identified, such as malevolent-mean-gentle-benevolent. A new form of symmetry was identified between adjectives and verbs with a common root; for example, the words reject and rejected are horizontally reflected.DiscussionThe word vectors can create a metrologically compliant basis for psychometric testing. The symmetries provide insight into causes (verbs) and effects (adjectives) in social interactions. These vectors and symmetries offer the social sciences a basis of commonality with natural sciences, enabling unprecedented accuracy and precision in social science measurement.
Combined effects of physical activity and life events on depression and PTSD in Chinese students aged 16–24 years
Authors: Wang Zhifeng , Wang Fengyun , Jiang Bing , Xue Haihong , Zhao Ming , Wang Dongmei 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundLife events are important risk factors for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Physical activity is a beneficial behavior to physiological and psychological health. While it has not been reported at present the combined effect of physical activity and life events on individual depression and PTSD, and whether it can alleviate the psychological risks induced by life events.ObjectiveTo comprehensively investigate the current status of life events experiences in Chinese students aged 16–24 years and analyze the combined effects of physical activity and life events on their depression and PTSD.MethodsAn online cross-sectional survey was conducted on physical activity levels, life events experiences, depression and PTSD of 1,552 Chinese students aged 16–24 using short version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-S), adolescent self-rating life events checklist (ASLEC), PTSD Check List-Civilian Version (PCL-C) and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale. Then, logistic regression equation and stratified analysis were used to explore the combined effects of physical activity and life events on depression and PTSD.ResultsRegression analysis showed that, except for female, &lt;8 h of sleep, smoking, single parent/reorganized families and poor family economic status, experiencing medium-intensity and high-intensity life events were both risk factors for depression. Compared with those who experienced low-intensity life events, those who experienced medium- and high-intensity life events had a 27 and 131% increased risk of depression, respectively. In contrast, medium- and high-level physical activity could reduce the risk of depression by 49 and 53%, respectively. Similar results were obtained with PTSD as a dependent variable. Combined correlation analysis showed that, compared with those with high-level physical activity and low-intensity life events, those with low-level physical activity and high-intensity life events had a 209 and 121% increased risk of depression and PTSD, respectively. Stratified analysis showed that the threshold for life events induced depression and PTSD rose with the increase in the level of physical activity.ConclusionLack of physical activity and experience of high-intensity life events are independent risk factors for depression and PTSD, and strengthening physical activity can compensate for the harm of depression and PTSD caused by life events to some extent.
Impacts of Whole-Grain Soft Red, Whole-Grain Soft White, and Refined Soft White Wheat Flour Crackers on Gastrointestinal Inflammation and the Gut Microbiota of Adult Humans
Authors: Kinney Gigi A. , Haddad Eliot N. , Gopalakrishnan Neha , Sugino Kameron Y. , Garrow Linda S. , Ng Perry K. W. , Comstock Sarah S. 
Published: August 2024

Consumption of whole-grain wheat has been associated with positive health outcomes, but it remains unclear whether different types of wheat elicit varying effects on the gut microbiome and intestinal inflammation. The objectives of this research were to investigate the effect of two whole-grain wheat flours versus refined wheat flour on the diversity of the human gut microbiota, as well as on butyrate production capacity and gastrointestinal inflammation, using one-week dietary interventions. For this study, 28 participants were recruited, with ages ranging from 18 to 55 years and a mean BMI of 26.0 kg/m2. For four weeks, participants were provided 80 g daily servings of different wheat crackers: Week A was a run-in period of crackers made from soft white wheat flour, Week B crackers were whole-grain soft white wheat flour, Week C crackers were a wash-out period identical to Week A, and Week D crackers were whole-grain soft red wheat flour. At the end of each week, participants provided fecal samples that were analyzed for markers of intestinal inflammation, including lipocalin and calprotectin, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and quantitative real-time PCR. The primary outcome, gut bacterial community alpha and beta diversity, was similar across timepoints. Three taxa significantly differed in abundance following both whole-grain wheat flour interventions: Escherichia/Shigella and Acidaminococcus were significantly depleted, and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group was enriched. Secondary outcomes determined that protein markers of intestinal inflammation and genes related to putative butyrate production capacity were similar throughout the study period, with no significant changes. Lipocalin concentrations ranged from 14.8 to 22.6 ng/mL while calprotectin ranged from 33.2 to 62.5 ng/mL across all 4 weeks. The addition of wheat crackers to the adult human subjects’ usual diet had a minimal impact on their gastrointestinal inflammation or the gut microbiota.
Influence of Process Parameters on Properties of Non-Reactive RF Magnetron-Sputtered Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films Used as Electrodes for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
Authors: Diletto Claudia , Nunziata Fiorita , Aprano Salvatore , Migliaccio Ludovico , Maglione Maria Grazia , Rubino Alfredo , Tassini Paolo 
Published: August 2024

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) commonly used in the realization of optoelectronic devices needing at least a transparent electrode. In this work, ITO thin films were deposited on glass substrates by non-reactive RF magnetron sputtering, investigating the effects of power density, sputtering pressure, and substrate temperature on the electrical, optical, and structural properties of the as-grown films. High-quality films, in terms of crystallinity, transparency, and conductivity were obtained. The 120 nm thick ITO films grown at 225 °C under an argon pressure of 6.9 mbar and a sputtering power density of 2.19 W/cm2 without post-annealing treatments in an oxidizing environment showed an optical transmittance near 90% at 550 nm and a resistivity of 2.10×10−4 Ω cm. This material was applied as the electrode of simple-structure organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
Phenotypic Variability of LGMD 2C/R5 in a Genetically Homogenous Group of Bulgarian Muslim Roma
Authors: Taneva Ani , Gresham David , Guergueltcheva Velina , Chamova Teodora , Bojinova Veneta , Gospodinova Mariana , Katzarova Maria , Petkov Radoslav , Voit Thomas , Aneva Lidia , Asenov Ognyan , Georgieva Bilyana , Mihaylova Violeta , Bichev Stoyan , Todorov Tihomir , Todorova Albena , Kalaydjieva Luba , Tournev Ivailo 
Published: August 2024

Sarcoglycanopathies are among the most frequent and severe forms of autosomal recessive forms of limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) with childhood onset. Four subtypes are known: LGMDR3, LGMDR4, LGMDR5 and LGMDR6, which are caused, respectively, by mutations in the SGCA, SGCB, SGCG and SGCD genes. We present the clinical variability of LGMD 2C/R5 among a genetically homogeneous group of 57 patients, belonging to 35 pedigrees. Molecular genetic analysis showed that all 57 patients were homozygous for the C283Y variant. The muscles of the pelvic girdle and the trunk were affected early and were more severely affected, followed by the shoulder girdle. Macroglossia, hypertrophy of the calves, scapular winging and lumbar hyperlordosis were common in the ambulatory phase. A great intra and interfamilial variability in the clinical presentation of LGMD 2C/R5 was observed, despite having the same underlying molecular defect. Females demonstrated a relatively milder clinical course compared to males. Mean creatine phosphokinase (CK) CK levels were 20 times above normal values. Muscle computer tomography (CT) CT or MRIs showed earlier and more severe involvement of the flexor proximal limb muscles in comparison to extensor muscles.
PROSPECTS FOR UTILIZING THE 694-790 MHZ DIGITAL DIVIDEND
Authors: Захаров А.А. , Девяткин E.E. , Моченов А.А. 
Published: August 2024

Рассматривается текущее использование и перспективные варианты применения диапазона радиочастот 694–790 МГц при внедрении сетей мобильной связи четвертого и пятого поколений. Приведен состав организационнотехнических мероприятий для модернизации сетей телерадиовещания с целью дальнейшего высвобождения указанного диапазона радиочастот.
The current use of the 694-790 MHz radio frequency range and possible promising applications in the implementation of mobile communication networks of the fourth and fifth generations are considered. The composition of organizational and technical measures for the modernization of broadcasting networks in order to further release the specified range of radio frequencies is given.
THE ROLE OF THE ECONOMIC EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY AND ECONOMICS
Authors: ГЕШЕЛЬ В.П. , ГЕШЕЛЬ Е.Д. 
Published: August 2024

В статье на основе анализа воззрений ряда отечественных ученых в области экономики и педагогики дано теоретическое обоснование роли системы экономического воспитания в развитии личности и экономики. Выявлены основные направления развития личности и экономики, обеспечивающие рост производительности труда и создающие условия для развития экономической категории капитал труда.
Based on an analysis of the views of a number of domestic scientists in the field of economics and pedagogy, the article provides a theoretical justification for the role of the economic education system in the development of personality and the economy. The main directions of personal and economic development are identified, ensuring an increase in labor productivity and creating conditions for the development of the economic category of capital and labor.
DEVELOPMENT OF A GREEN ECONOMY IN RUSSIA: PERSPECTIVE DIRECTIONS
Authors: КОНОНОВИЧ И.В. 
Published: August 2024

Предметом исследования выступает зеленая экономика в России, становление и развитие ее инструментов. В статье определены инструменты зеленой экономики, проведен анализ внедрения инструментов зеленой экономики в России, Индии и Китае, выявлены особенности становления инструментов зеленой экономики в странах и предложены совместные направления развития зеленой экономики (международные направления). На основании проведенного анализа взаимной торговли России со странами ЕАЭС выявлено, что в структуре взаимной торговли остается невысокой доля продукции с высокой добавленной стоимостью, в том числе и продукции «зеленых» отраслей. Предложено перспективное направление развития зеленой экономики в рамках ЕАЭС (кооперационное направление), в статье предложены меры для развития кооперационного взаимодействия в «зеленых» отраслях в рамках ЕАЭС. Выводы и предложения могут быть использованы для усовершенствования регулирования инструментов зеленой экономики в России, а также усовершенствования механизмов кооперационного взаимодействия в рамках ЕАЭС.
The subject of the research is the green economy in Russia and the formation and development of its instruments. The paper defines the green economy instruments, analyzes the implementation of green economy instruments in Russia, India, and China, identifies features of the development of green economy instruments in these countries, and proposes directions for the advancement of the green economy (international initiatives). Based on an analysis of mutual trade between Russia and EAEU member states, it was found that the proportion of high-value added products, including those from “green” industries, is relatively low in the mutual trade mix. A prospective direction for the growth of the green economy within the EAEU countries (cooperative direction) is suggested, and measures for fostering cooperative interaction in “green” sectors within the EAEU are proposed. The conclusions and recommendations can be applied to enhance the regulation of green economy instruments in Russia, as well as to enhance the cooperation mechanisms within the EAEU countries.
KEY AREAS FOR ASSESSING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF CITY-FORMING ENTERPRISES IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR
Authors: САВИНОВА Д.К. 
Published: August 2024

В статье рассмотрены проблемы и особенности, с которыми сталкиваются градообразующие предприятия при формировании механизма устойчивого развития. Также в статье представлены риски, с которыми могут столкнуться предприятия в процессе формирования устойчивого развития, проанализировано влияние региона, в котором расположено предприятие, на процесс формирования устойчивого развития.
The article discusses the problems and features faced by city-forming enterprises in the formation of a mechanism for sustainable development. The article also presents the risks that enterprises may face in the process of forming sustainable development, analyzes the impact of the region in which the enterprise is located on the process of forming sustainable development.
ANALYSIS OF THE MOTIVATION SYSTEM AND INCENTIVES FOR PERSONNEL AT AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: АХМЕТГАРЕЕВА А.А. , НАШИРВАНОВ Ф.Н. , ГАЛИМОВА Э.И. 
Published: August 2024

В статье рассмотрены теоретические основы организации, стимулирования и мотивации труда персонала на предприятии. Обозначены основные классические теоретические подходы к организации мотивации труда. Представлена типология мотивации работников по Герчикову. Сделаны выводы основных теоретических аспектов мотивации стимулирования труда.
The article discusses the theoretical foundations of organizing, stimulating and motivating the work of personnel in an enterprise. The main classical theoretical approaches to the organization of labor motivation are outlined. A typology of employee motivation according to Gerchikov is presented. Conclusions are drawn about the main theoretical aspects of labor motivation.
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN VERIFYING THE RELIABILITY OF DETERMINING THE ESTIMATED COST OF CONSTRUCTION USING THE RESOURCE-INDEX METHOD AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE SECTORAL ECONOMY
Authors: КУРИКОВ В.М. , ГУРЬЕВ С.В. 
Published: August 2024

В данной статье будет представлен обзор зарубежных подходов к проверке достоверности определения сметной стоимости при использовании ресурсно-индексного метода. Будут рассмотрены основные принципы и методы, используемые в различных странах, а также их влияние на отраслевую экономику.
This article will provide an overview of foreign approaches to verifying the reliability of determining the estimated cost using the resource-index method. The main principles and methods used in various countries, as well as their impact on the sectoral economy, will be considered.
REGULATORY REGULATION OF MANAGEMENT COUNSELING
Authors: ГРАБОЗДИН Ю.П. , ЖАБИН А.П. , СУРАЕВА М.О. 
Published: August 2024

В настоящей статье представлен проведенный авторами анализ нормативноправовой базы, регулирующей деятельность консультантов по управлению, как с позиции качества сервиса так и характеристик самой деловой услуги. Проведен сравнительный анализ действующих нормативных актов и дана оценка их достаточности и адекватности для регулирования сферы консалтинга в современных социально-экономических условиях.
This article presents the authors' analysis of the regulatory framework governing the activities of management consultants, both in terms of the quality of service and the characteristics of the business service itself. A comparative analysis of existing regulations was carried out and an assessment was made of their sufficiency and adequacy for regulating the sphere of consulting in modern socio-economic conditions.
THE POSITION OF SOME CONIFEROUS AND DECIDUOUS INTRODUCERS OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN OF ORENBURG STATE UNIVERSITY IN THE ACCLIMATIZATION PROCESS
Authors: Назарова Н.М. , Кухлевская Ю.Ф. 
Published: August 2024

В рамках данной статьи рассматриваются вопрос экологической пластичности растений-интродуцентов, произрастающих на территории Ботанического сада Оренбургского ГУ. Положение каждого интродуцента в акклиматизационном процессе в условиях региона определялось согласно методики В.И. Некрасова, рекомендованной Главным ботаническим садом, по девяти характеристикам (диагностическая карта), учитывающим адаптационные возможности исследуемых видов к действию пониженных зимних температур, а также их репродуктивные способности.
Within the framework of this article, the issue of ecological plasticity of introduced plants growing on the territory of the Botanical Garden of the Orenburg State University is considered. The position of each introducer in the acclimatization process in the conditions of the region was determined according to V.I. Nekrasov's methodology, recommended by the Main Botanical Garden, according to nine characteristics (diagnostic map), taking into account the adaptive capabilities of the studied species to the action of low winter temperatures, as well as their reproductive abilities.
RESULTS AND TASKS OF BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF CONSERVATION AND RATIONAL USE OF PLANT RESOURCES IN BELARUS
Authors: Решетников В.Н. , Спиридович Е.В. 
Published: August 2024

Представлены приоритетные направления деятельности ботанических садов, дендрариев и дендропарков Беларуси, способствующие расширению международных научных связей мирового ботанического сообщества, развитию научных исследований в области интродукции, сохранения генофонда природной и культурной флоры, созданию коллекций.
The priority activity areas of Belarus botanical gardens, arboretums are presented, contributing to the expansion of international scientific relations of the world community, the development of scientific research in the field of introduction, conservation of the gene pool of natural and cultural flora, and creation of collections.
RARE AND ENDEMIC SPECIES OF THE ARBOREAL PLANTS IN THE EXHIBISITION «FLORA AND VEGETATION OF ARMENIA» OF THE YEREVAN BOTANICAL GARDEN
Authors: Акопян Ж.А. , Варданян Ж.А. 
Published: August 2024

В коллекции экспозиционного участка «Флора и растительность Армении» Ереванского ботанического сада насчитывается 124 вида деревьев и кустарников из 57 родов и 29 семейств. Представлен аннотированный список включенных в коллекцию редких и эндемичных видов дендрофлоры Армении с указанием данных об исходном материале, его происхождении, начале культивирования и некоторых особенностях развития в условиях культуры.
There are 124 species of trees and shrubs from 57 genera and 29 families in the collection of the exposition site «Flora and Vegetation of Armenia» of the Yerevan Botanical Garden. An annotated list of rare and endemic species of dendroflora of Armenia included in the collection is presented, indicating data on the initial material and its origin, the beginning of cultivation and some features of development under culture conditions.