bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
627 – Mental Health Workers Play Different Roles in Mental Health Service
Authors: Saeterstrand T. , Holm S. 
Published: July 2013

Mental health workers play different roles in the District Mental Health Service, and they differs in professional education skills. Taking care of psychotic patients also include to administrate and observed the medication in practice, but there are different experiences in this area.Objectives:To gain knowledge about the practice in the District Mental Health Service according to medication trends.Aims:To gain knowledge and information about the daily practice.Methods:This pilot study was done in 2011. Focusgroup interviews where the informants was leaders and professional workers in two different municipalities in Nortern Norway in 2011. Literature rewievs was also done. Next step is quantitative methods based on the results in the pilot study.Results:The results show that the District Mental Health Service practice differed in organization of the service. The one who has the responsibility of medication for the patients in daily settings differed. The most educated persons in the mental health team took care of the treatment only in communication with the psychotic persons, while the lowest educated personal in the home care settings administrated to give patients medicine. Some of the workers in the home care settings had only a 10 hours medical course. They were afraid of the patients who could be aggressive and denied to take medication.Conclusions:The organization of the medication responsibility need to be focused more upon because of the need of good observation of the effects on the patients.
628 – Sexually Intrusive Behavior among Alleged CSA Male Victims: A Prospective Study
Authors: Hershkowitz I. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is one widely cited risk factor for sexually intrusive behavior (SIB) among boys.Objectives:To identify risk factors for SIB among CSA male victims, the current study involved a prospective examination of all investigations of male CSA victims and those of children suspected of committing SIB's on other children in Israel over a ten-year period.Methods:National data files of male victims and those of male suspects investigations, aged 14 or under were electronically merged, allowing the identification of alleged victims who later appeared as suspects of SIB. A comparison group consisted of alleged male victims who were investigated during the first year of the study period (1998) and had no recorded suspicions of SIB by the end of December 2007, allowing a follow up of up to 10 years.Results:157 (2%) of the alleged victims appeared later in the records as child suspects of SIB. Comparing victims with and without SIB revealed differences on personal and family factors as well as on the experience of abuse. A regression model controlling for age and family predictors correctly classified over three-quarters of the subjects based on reported experiences of abuse.Conclusions:The data help predict which of the victims are likely to involve in SIB. The predictive model has implications for the identification of high-risk sexual abuse victims and for the prevention of SIB by children.
630 – Escitalopram in Patients with Social Anxiety Disorder and Fear of Blushing
Authors: Pelissolo A. , Moukheiber A. 
Published: July 2013

Fear of blushing (FB) is a form of social anxiety disorder (SAD) characterized by an intense and obsessive threat of blushing in front of other people. No data are available on the specific efficacy of antidepressants on FB. This open-label pilot study investigated whether the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor escitalopram specifically improves symptoms of FB in SAD patients.Thirty-nine patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for SAD and presenting a significant FB according to the Salpêtrière Erythrophobia Questionnaire (SEQ) were administered open-label escitalopram (10-30 mg/day) for 12 weeks. A systematic assessment, at baseline and at week 12, included the SEQ, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale.From the 39 patients included, 31 attended the week 4 visit, and 28 the week 12 visit. Significant reductions of fear of blushing were observed after 4 weeks of treatment, and were more pronounced at the end of the 12-week treatment since patients experienced a 60% decrease of their FB symptoms (p< 0.001). Nineteen (67.8%) subjects reported a 50% decrease or more of their SEQ score, and 14 (50%) met criteria for remission of fear of blushing (SEQ score < 7). The effect sizes of changes on SEQ, LSAS and HAD scales scores were high, with eta2 ranging between 0.53 and 0.86.Results of this open study suggest that escitalopram can be a useful treatment for fear of blushing associated with SAD, even if large controlled trials are now needed to further evaluate this result.
633 – Integrative Psychotherapy Model of Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Fedak M. , Kudinova O. 
Published: July 2013

At the present time in Ukraine the special priority has the problem of somatoform disorders. A prevalence of clinical somatization neurotic disturbances and necessity of differential diagnostics with somatic diseases were the precondition for studying this area.At the same time, in Ukraine the diagnosis “Vegetative-vascular dystonia” which is ciphered G 90.8, according to ICD-10 instead of “Somatoform disoders” F40.0-F48 is used. It leads unreasonable treatment significant contingents of neurotic patients in neurological departments.The 60 agoraphobia patients and 40 panic disorder (PD) patients were examined. The emotional disturbances of all thease patients were investigated with the clinic and pathopsychological methods. The high level of anxiety was shown. Pathopsychologically the high level of personality anxiety and low level of neurotism and depression were indentified. The system of psychotherapy correction was established, with high efficacy in 68% cases.On that ground has been developed complex differential system of medical- psychological and psychotherapy correction of agoraphobia, PD and somatoform disorders with the - 80% high efficasy. Our experience showed the necessity of the integrative models of psychotherapy provided, parted on stage. On the first stage - sedative-adapting the receptions of cognitive and suggestive psychotherapy are used. There is groupe therapy on second-main-stage. On the third stagetupesupportive elements of the autogenic training mastered.
634 – The Psychoemotional Disturbances on Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases and its Psychotherapy Correction
Authors: Mykhaylov B. , Fedak B. , Fedak M. 
Published: July 2013

Based on the systematic approach of evaluating results of complex clinical- psychopathological, psychodiagnostical investigation cardiac infarction and cerebral stroke patients the clinical structure features, regularities in the formation, development and course of òonpsychotic psychic disorders on these patients was determined.At patients with cardial infarction in acute period the painful syndrome was the main one, leads to severe psycho-emotional disturbances. At the background of preservation of cognitive function phobic, anxiety and depressive symptoms were prevaileted, the severity of which depends on the severity of pain. Subsequently, the primary psycho-emotional component disappeared, anxiety-depressive disorders, hypo-and anozognostical type of perception of self condition were formed.At cerebral stroke patients disorders of level of consciousness were primary with cognitive and asthenic disturbances with subsequent formation of psycho-emotional disorders, anxiety and depressive disorders with hypohondrical elements on the basis of persistent cognitive impairments.The multimodal principle based system of psychotherapeutical correction of nonpsychotic psychic disorders was developed. For myocardial infarction patients, system includes personaly - oriented, rational, and autogenic-training therapy for cerebral stroke patients - hypnosuggestive, cognitive - behavioral therapy, cognitive and autogenic-training therapy. The proposed system showed a significant improvement in 80% of myocardial infarction patients and 77% of patients cerebral stroke, a partial improvement - 10% of myocardial infarction patients and 13% of cerebral stroke patients.
643 – Quality Of Life, Social Support, And Severity Of Psychiatric Symptoms In Jordanain Patients With Schizophrenis
Authors: Hamaideh S.H. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Quality of life (QOL) has recently been recognized as an important goal of psychiatric and mental health care and has been increasingly used to evaluate health care outcomes in patients with schizophrenia.Objectives:The major objectives of this study were to examine levels and correlations of QOL, social support, and severity of psychiatric symptoms as well as to identify the variables that predict QOL among Jordanian patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Descriptive cross-sectional design was used employing structured interview method from 160 patients selected through systematic random sampling from two psychiatric outpatient clinics.Results:Results showed that the highest QOL domain was social relationship and the highest source of social support was from significant others. Severity of affective symptoms was the highest and the severity of positive symptoms was the lowest. QOL correlated positively with social support, patients’ educational and income level, and employment; and negatively with severity of psychiatric symptoms, duration of untreated illness, and duration of treatment. Support from friends, duration of untreated illness, income level, and severity of affective symptoms predicted QOL and accounting for 47.3% of the variance.Conclusions:This study confirms poor QOL in schizophrenia despite significant improvement in various methods of treatment. Enhancing social support, decreasing the duration of untreated illness, encouraging working and employment, and controlling affective symptoms will improve QOL of patients with schizophrenia.
682 – Age and Adverse Effects of Psychopharmacological Treatment. Data from the Drug Surveillance Program AMSP in Switzerland
Authors: Greil W. , Haeberle A. , Schuhmann T. , Grohmann R. , Baumann P. 
Published: July 2013

Objectives and aims:The frequency of severe adverse drug reactions (ADR) of psychotropic drugs in relation to age is investigated and especially the incidence in hospitalized patients aged up to 60 years is compared with patients aged above 60 years.Methods:The data - prescription rates of psychotropic drugs, reports of severe ADR - are taken from psychiatric hospitals in Switzerland between 2001 to 2010 and stem from the drug surveillance program AMSP.Results:699 patients exhibited severe ADR: 517 out of 28282 patients up to 60 years (1.8%); 182 out of 11446 elderly patients (1.6%, ns). Linear regression analyses show a significantly decreasing relationship between the incidence of ADR and patients’ age in general and in particular for weight gain, EPMS symptoms, increased liver enzymes and galactorrhoea. Delirium increases with age. A significantly decreasing relationship was observed for age and the dosages of olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, valproic acid and lamotrigine. Comparing age groups, lower frequency of ADR in general was found for antipsychotic drugs and anticonvulsants, in particular also for valproic acid in the elderly. Weight gain was found to be lower in the eldery for antipsychotic drugs, in particular also for olanzapine. For the group of mood stabilizing anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, lamotrigine and valproic acid) the elderly exhibited a lower incidence of reported allergic skin reactions.Conclusion:The results suggest that in hospitalized patients the incidence of common severe adverse effects such as weight gain and EPMS symptoms as a consequence to psychotropic medication decreases with age.
687 – Bifactor Models Support ICD-10 Construct of ADHD Against DSM-IV, Both in Children Rated by Teachers and Self-rated in Adults
Authors: Caci H.M. , Morin A.J.S. , Bouchez J. , Baylé F.J. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is present in both DSM-IV and ICD-10, with slight differences. For instance, one item is allocated to hyperactivity in DSM-IV and to impulsivity in ICD-10. ADHD is best conceived as a set of core symptoms with some specificity in phenotypal symptomatology. Regarding the specific components, their number remains an open question, the answer oscillating between two (Attention and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity) and three (Attention, Hyperactivity, and Impulsivity).Aims:The aim of this study is to contrast alternative measurement models of instruments assessing ADHD symptoms (2 versus 3 specific factors, hierarchical versus bifactor models) across instruments, and age groups.Methods:We analysed data from the new ChiP-ARD study. Youths (n = 892) aged 5 to 18 years-old were randomly selected and rated by their teachers (ADHD-Rating Scale, and SWAN). Parents (n = 1,171) of these youths rated their own behaviour using the Adult ADHD Symptom Rating Scale (ASRS). The fit of alternative models for ordered-categorical items was tested using the robust Weighted Least Square Estimator (WLSMV).Results:Results support a bifactor model including one global ADHD factor and two specific Inattention and Hyperactivity- Impulsivity factors. The results also show that the Hyperactivity-Impulsivity factor is improperly defined, and unreliable, calling into question the existence of this subtype. Furthermore, the fit improved when Impulsivity was measured by 4 (ICD-10) versus 3 (DSM-IV) items.Conclusion:ADHD is a continuous condition from childhood to adulthood, and the “Talk too much” item is best conceived as a measure of Impulsivity than Hyperactivity.
688 – High Society - An Integrated Approach To Care
Authors: Ofori-Attah G. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Gamma-Butyrolactone (GBL) is a recreational drug, whose use has increased in recent years. However, it is highly addictive and when consumed in excessive amounts, physical and psychological dependence can develop.High profile deaths, including the death of a young medical student, have increased the public's awareness of GBL. However, in spite of this and a change in UK law (2009) to make the once legal high a class C drug, the number of patients presenting to emergency departments with GBL overdose has continued to rise. There is significant anxiety amongst professionals working in acute medicine and psychiatry when it comes to managing these difficult presentations, which combine symptoms of a frightening psychosis with marked physical compromise, which can ultimately lead to coma and death. There is also a lack of medical literature concerning GBL.Aim:To discuss a case that presented at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, highlighting: The signs and symptoms of GBL intoxication and withdrawal.The importance of managing the psychosis alongside the physical symptoms.Where these patients should be managed.Case:24-year-old patient, brought to A+E after police received reports about a gentleman in an underground station exhibiting ‘erratic, unusual behaviour’.Conclusion:This case highlights the need for an integrated approach to the management of substance misuse in acute hospital settings. GBL is a substance that most practising doctors have not been taught about. Education on the topic, and other emerging recreational drugs, should be an important part of our continuing professional development.
690 – Depressive and Anxiety Disorders and Functioning in Clinical High-Risk Patients. Results of the EPOS Project
Authors: Salokangas R.K.R. , Luutonen S. , Ruhrmann S. , Graf von Reventlow H. , Heinimaa M. , Juckel G. , Linszen D. , Dingemans P. , Birchwood M. , Patterson P. , Klosterkötter J. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Depressive and anxiety disorders are the most common clinical diagnoses in patients at clinical high-risk (CHR) of psychosis (1).Objectives:Clinical disorders and functioning in CHR patients.Aims:To study how depressive and anxiety disorders associate with patients’ functioning at baseline and follow-ups in CHR patients.Methods:In the EPOS project, 245 young help-seeking CHR patients were examined, and their baseline diagnoses were assessed by the SCID-I. The patients were interviewed with the SIPS/SOPS, including assessments of positive and negative symptoms and the Global Assessment of Function (GAF), at baseline and at 9 and 18 months follow-ups.Results:At baseline and follow-ups, the patients without depressive or anxiety disorders had highest GAF scores. At baseline, the patients with depressive disorders had lower GAF scores than the patients with anxiety disorders. At follow-ups, there were no differences in GAF scores between the patients with depressive or anxiety disorders. In modelling, negative symptoms associated with low GAF scores at baseline and follow-ups, positive symptoms only at baseline and anxiety disorders at 18 months follow-up.Conclusions:Depressive and anxiety disorders associate with poor functional outcome, and require thus special attention when intervention for the CHR patients is carried out. Positive symptoms predict transition to psychosis (2), but their role in predicting functional outcome is not as great. Instead, negative symptoms associate with poor functional outcome and require intensive intervention.(1) Salokangas RKR et al. Schizophr Res 2012, doi:10.1016/j.schres.2012.03.008.(2) Ruhrmann S et al. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2010;67:241-251.
695 – Associations between Symptoms, Functional Status and All-Cause Mortality in People with Schizophrenia
Authors: Hayes R. , Chang C.-K. , Fernandes A. , Begum A. , To D. , Broadbent M. , Hotopf M. , Stewart R. 
Published: July 2013

Background:Compared to the general population, people with schizophrenia have a substantially higher risk of premature mortality which translates into a 10–15 year reduction in life expectancy. The aim of this investigation was to determine if symptoms (including aggression, hallucinations or delusions, and depression) or the environmental and functional status of people with schizophrenia contribute to the high mortality risk observed in this patient group.Methods:We identified cases of schizophrenia, aged ≥15 years in a large secondary mental healthcare case register linked to national mortality tracing. We modelled the effect of specific symptoms, activities of daily living (ADLs), living conditions, occupational and recreational activities (Health of the Nation Outcome Scale [HoNOS] subscales) on all-cause mortality over a 4-year observation period (2007-10) using Cox regression.Results:We identified 4270 schizophrenia cases (170 deaths) in the observation period. After controlling for a broad range of covariates, mortality was not significantly associated with hallucinations and delusions or overactive-aggressive behaviour, but was associated with subclinical depression (adjusted HR 1.5; 95% CI 1.1-2.2) and ADL impairment (adjusted HR 1.8; 95% CI 1.2-2.9).Conclusions:Severity of symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations, was less important in predicting mortality than subclinical depression and difficulties carrying out activities of daily living. The overall picture appears to be one where the highest all-cause mortality risk is in service users who are least visible to clinical teams.
698 – Urinary Tract Infection and Mental Illness
Authors: Stantiford E.M. , Echeverría Hernández N. , Brasas F. De la Torre , Pecero García O. , Duque Domínguez A. , Lázaro Redondo M.M. , Bango Suárez J.I. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:It is well known that mental illneses are associated with higher prevalence of somatic disorders when compared to the general population. We observed that, at the time of admission to the Acute Psychiatric Unit (APU) at our Hospital, many patients have associated urinary tract infection.Objectives:To determine the characteristics of patients that present with urinary tract infection on admission to the APUMethods:From all admissions to the APU during 2011, patients with urinalysis, sediment and culture suggesting urinary tract infection were recruited for this study.Results:83 out of the 229 patients admitted to the APU had urinary tract infection at the moment of admission. Most common psychiatric diagnoses in patients with urinary tract infection were: mood disorders (37.35%), psychotic disorders (22.89%) and personality disorders (14.46%) Of these 83 patients, 72.29% had a history of previous psychiatric admissions and 91.67% had a new admission with an associated urinary tract infection.Figure[readmissions]Conclusions:A high percentage of patients admitted to our APU have recurrent urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections may play a negative impact on their psychopathological evolution and may be associated with the need for hospital admission.
704 – Thought Disorders - Evolution of Historical Concepts
Authors: Telles-Correia D. , Moreira A.L. 
Published: July 2013

Introduction:Several authors made important contributions to the evolution of psychopathological concepts that we now often gather under the topic of formal thought disorders (FTD).Objectives:Our objectives were to describe the interpretation of concepts - including FTD and related concepts - by authors that had a major impact in the field and in defining trends nowadays.Aims:In general we aimed to reach a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of the above mentioned.Methods:We reviewed the literature by searching PUBMED and a library database using the terms thought and language and association and schizophrenia and course interchangeably. We used article and book references to increase our search.Results:Throughout the years - from the first observations suggesting a primary pathology of the ability to coordinate ideas of Esquirol and Guislain to the current DSM-IV Schizophrenia criteria - and considering authors from all over the world - including Fish (UK), Kurt Goldstein, Carl Schneider, Emil Kraepelin (Germany), Eugen Bleuler (Switzerland), Jules Séglas (France), Nancy C. Andreasen (USA), Pio de Abreu (Portugal), Elie Cheniaux (Brazil), among others - terms have been given approximate meanings and different symptoms/signs have been considered to that purpose.Conclusions:Using precise concepts of formal thought and related disorders is crucial when considering diagnostic hypothesis and passing information on to colleagues. Thus, it is of utmost importance having a better understanding of the above.