bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis is associated with increased all-cause mortality
Authors: Li Zhao , Song Rui , Zhang Yingzhi , Tan Jiahe , Chen Zhiwei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecently, the new nomenclature metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) was proposed to supersede non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). To optimize the management of these patients, it is crucial to comprehend the similarities and differences between individuals with NASH and MASH.MethodsWe analyzed data from 13,846 participants in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, along with their linked mortality through 2019. NASH and MASH were defined based on respective criteria. Survey-weight adjusted multivariable Cox proportional model was used to examine mortality.ResultsThe overall prevalence of steatohepatitis, NASH and MASH was 5.7% (n=788), 4.1% (n=564) and 5.5% (n=763), respectively. Most individuals with NASH (96.8%) could be categorized as MASH, but only 69.7% individuals with MASH qualified as NASH. During a median follow-up of 27 years, individuals with MASH exhibited a 53% higher risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.53, 95% CI 1.24-1.89). But individuals with NASH didn’t show an association with all-cause mortality after adjustment for metabolic risk factors (aHR 1.14, 95% CI 0.91-1.44). Notably, individuals who met the criteria for MASH but not NASH (NASH(-)/MASH(+)) had a higher risk of all-cause mortality (aHR 2.47, 95% CI 1.71-3.57) compared to those with NASH(+)/MASH(+) (aHR 1.22, 95% CI 0.97-1.55). Moreover, advanced fibrosis was only associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in individuals with MASH, not NASH.ConclusionsMASH, rather than NASH, was associated with an elevated risk of all-cause mortality after adjusting for metabolic risk factors. Well-designed prospective studies are needed to assess and validate our findings.
Stress about Eviction or Loss of Housing and Child Mental Health
Authors: Hanson Jamie L. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractImportanceEviction and housing loss are pressing public health concerns. Understanding how caregivers’ stress about eviction or loss of housing relates to specific childhood psychiatric issues across development is important.ObjectiveTo examine associations between stress about eviction or loss of housing and caregiver-reported child depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and behavioral problems, adjusting for sociodemographic factors.DesignCross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative survey, collected between July 2022 to January 2023.SettingUnited States.ParticipantsOver 36,000 caregivers and children from a national survey.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCaregiver-reported child depression, anxiety, ADHD, and behavioral problems. Generalized linear mixed models were used to test associations with stress about eviction or loss of housing.ResultsAnalyses from a sociodemographically diverse sample of 36,710 children indicated that stress about eviction or loss of housing was associated with 4-35% increased odds of internalizing psychopathology (i.e., depression and anxiety) in children. Relations were sometimes moderated by age, with stronger associations for younger children. No consistent relations emerged between stress about eviction or loss of housing and ADHD or behavioral problems after adjustment.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study provided new insights into how stress about eviction or loss of housing is differentially associated with internalizing versus externalizing psychopathology across child development. Prospective longitudinal research is still needed to fully understand these complex relations over time. Findings underscored the importance of policies and interventions to address housing instability and its mental health consequences for children.Key PointsQuestionWhat are the associations between caregivers’ stress about eviction or housing loss and children’s mental health outcomes across different ages?FindingsIn this cross-sectional study of 36,638 children, stress about eviction or housing loss was associated with increased odds of internalizing symptoms (e.g., depression; anxiety), with stronger relations seen for depression in younger children. No consistent associations were found with ADHD or behavioral problems after adjusting for different sociodemographic factors.MeaningStress about eviction or housing loss may differentially impact children’s mental health outcomes, particularly internalizing symptoms in younger children. This underscores the importance of housing stability interventions for child mental health.
Single-cell transcriptomics predict novel potential regulators of acute epithelial restitution in the ischemia-injured intestine
Authors: Rose Elizabeth C. , Simon Jeremy M. , Gomez-Martinez Ismael , Magness Scott T. , Odle Jack , Blikslager Anthony T. , Ziegler Amanda L. 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTIntestinal ischemic injury damages the epithelial barrier predisposes patients to life-threatening sepsis unless that barrier is rapidly restored. There is an age-dependency of intestinal recovery in that neonates are the most susceptible to succumb to disease of the intestinal barrier versus older patients. We have developed a pig model that demonstrates age-dependent failure of intestinal barrier restitution in neonatal pigs which can be rescued by the direct application of juvenile pig mucosal tissue, but the mechanisms of rescue remain undefined. We hypothesized that by identifying a subpopulation of restituting enterocytes by their expression of cell migration transcriptional pathways, we can then predict novel upstream regulators of age-dependent restitution response programs. Superficial mucosal epithelial cells from recovering ischemic jejunum of juvenile pigs were processed for single cell RNA sequencing analysis, and predicted upstream regulators were assessed in a porcine intestinal epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) and banked tissues. A subcluster of absorptive enterocytes expressed several cell migration pathways key to restitution. Differentially expressed genes in this subcluster predicted their upstream regulation included colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1). We validated age-dependent induction ofCSF-1by ischemia and documented that CSF-1 and CSF1R co-localized in ischemic juvenile, but not neonatal, wound-adjacent epithelial cells and in the restituted epithelium of juveniles and rescued (but not control) neonates. Further, the CSF1R inhibitor BLZ945 reduced restitution in scratch wounded IPEC-J2 cells. These studies validate an approach to inform potential novel therapeutic targets, such as CSF-1, to improve outcomes in neonates with intestinal injury in a unique pig model.NEW & NOTEWORTHYThese studies validate an approach to identify and predict upstream regulation of restituting epithelium in a unique pig intestinal ischemic injury model. Identification of potential molecular mediators of restitution, such as CSF-1, will inform the development of targeted therapeutic interventions for medical management of patients with ischemia-mediated intestinal injury.
Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays for the Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance Elements inVibrio cholerae
Authors: Negrón Daniel Antonio , Trivedi Shipra , Tolli Nicholas , Ashford David , Melton Gabrielle , Guertin Stephanie , Jennings Katharine , Necciai Bryan D. , Sozhamannan Shanmuga , Abramson Bradley W. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe bacteriumVibrio choleraecauses diarrheal illness and can acquire genetic material leading to multiple drug resistance (MDR). Rapid detection of resistance-conferring mobile genetic elements helps avoid the prescription of ineffective antibiotics. Colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays provide a rapid and cost-effective means for detection at point-of-care, but it can be difficult to design primer sets, determine target specificity, and interpret subjective color changes. We developed an algorithm for thein silicodesign and evaluation of LAMP assays within the open-source PCR Signature Erosion Tool (PSET) and a computer vision application for the quantitative analysis of colorimetric outputs. As an example, we generated new LAMP assays targeting drug resistance inV. choleraeand evaluated existing ones based onin silicotarget specificity andin vitrotesting. Improvements in the design and testing of LAMP assays, with heightened target specificity and a simple analysis platform, increase utility for in-field applications.
“Tiny Biome Tales”: a gamified review about the influence of lifestyle choices on the human microbiome
Authors: Schweitzer Matthias , Wlasak Maximilian , Wassermann Birgit , Marcher Florian , Poglitsch Christian , Pirker Johanna , Berg Gabriele 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn the last two decades, new discoveries from microbiome research have changed our understanding of human health. It became evident that daily habits and lifestyle choices shape the human microbiome and ultimately determine health or disease. Therefore, we developed “Tiny Biome Tales” (https://microbiome.gamelabgraz.at/), a science pedagogy video game designed like a scientific review based exclusively on peer-reviewed articles, to teach about the influence of lifestyle choices on the human microbiome during pregnancy, early and adult life, and related health consequences. Despite the scientific character, it can be played by a broad audience. Here, we also present a scientific assessment, and showed that playing the game significantly contributed to knowledge gain. The innovative style of the “gamified review” represents an ideal platform to disseminate future findings from microbiome research by updating existing and adding new scenes to the game.
Epidemiological trends of osteoarthritis at the global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050
Authors: Qiao Lichun , Li Miaoqian , Deng Feidan , Wen Xinyue , Deng Huan , Xue Zhaowei , Wan Ping , Xiang Rongqi , Xie Yanjun , He Huifang , Fan Xiangyu , Song Yufei , Wang Jun , Han Jing 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackgroundOsteoarthritis is a major cause of disability worldwide, with its prevalence expected to increase due to ageing populations and rising obesity. Understanding the epidemiological trends in osteoarthritis is critical for public health planning and intervention strategies.MethodsThis study analyzed global, regional, and national data on osteoarthritis incidence, prevalence, and Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) utilizing the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Statistical modelling was used to assess trends over the past 32 years and projections were made for 2050 based on demographic changes and historical data.ResultsIn 2021, 607 (95% UI: 538-671) million people worldwide had osteoarthritis, with 46.6 (95% UI: 41.1-51.6) million new cases and 21.3 (95% UI: 10.2-42.9) million DALYs. Age-standardized incidence, prevalence and DALYs rates increased to 535.00 (95% UI: 472.38-591.97), 6967.29 (95% UI: 6180.70-7686.06), and 244.50 (95% UI: 117.06-493.11) per 100,000 population, with knee osteoarthritis accounting for more than 56%. Age-standardized rates of osteoarthritis were higher in females than in males. East Asia, South Asia, and Western Europe were the regions and China, India, and the United States were the countries with the highest burdens. In addition, high body-mass index (BMI) led to 4.43 (95% UI: -0.42-12.34) million DALYs, with an increase of 205.10%. Bayesian age-period cohort projections showed that the burden of osteoarthritis would continue to rise from 2021 to 2050.ConclusionsThe findings indicated that the burden of osteoarthritis is on a rising trend with an ageing population and increasing global obesity rates, with females and middle-aged and older age groups being the current populations of concern. Comprehensive public health policies and strategies are urgently needed to address its impact. Increased awareness, early detection and effective management are essential to reduce the burden of osteoarthritis in the coming decades, especially among vulnerable groups.
Exploring the mediating effect of intellectual capital on the relationship between ethical leadership and innovative performance
Authors: Sharma Diksha , Sharma Meena 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe study examines the role of ethical leadership in the innovative performance of employees. Further, the purpose of the study is to investigate the mediating effect of human capital and social capital on the relationship between ethical leadership and the innovative performance of employees.Design/methodology/approachThe study collected primary data from 386 managerial-level employees of information technology (IT) companies in the northern region of India. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyse the data and derive the direct and indirect effects.FindingsThe findings indicate a significant positive impact of ethical leadership on the innovative performance of employees. Further, it was found that ethical leadership has both direct and indirect effects on the innovative performance of employees, where the indirect effect was mediated through intellectual capital (IC). The research confirms that IC and ethical leadership are crucial resources for fostering a knowledge-driven culture and innovative performance amongst employees.Originality/valueThe research has made a novel attempt to explore the interplay between ethical leadership, IC and innovative performance in the Indian context. Further, the study provides actionable strategies for business leaders to optimise business processes and encourage innovative practices amongst employees in the company.
Hospital operations management – characterising patients’ process flows in emergency departments
Authors: Lima Rui M. , Lopes Erik Teixeira , Lopes Derek Chaves , Gonçalves Bruno S. , Cunha Pedro G. 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThis work aims to integrate the concepts generated by a systematic literature review on patient flows in emergency departments (ED) to serve as a basis for developing a generic process model for ED.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines, considering Lean Healthcare interventions describing ED patients’ flows. The initial search found 141 articles and 18 were included in the systematic analysis. The literature analysis served as the basis for developing a generic process model for ED.FindingsED processes have been represented using different notations, such as value stream mapping and workflows. The main alternatives for starting events are arrival by ambulance or walk-in. The Manchester Triage Scale (MTS) was the most common protocol referred to in the literature. The most common end events are admission to a hospital, transfer to other facilities or admission to an ambulatory care system. The literature analysis allowed the development of a generic process model for emergency departments. Nevertheless, considering that several factors influence the process of an emergency department, such as pathologies, infrastructure, available teams and local regulations, modelling alternatives and challenges in each step of the process should be analysed according to the local context.Originality/valueA generic business process model was developed using BPMN that can be used by practitioners and researchers to reduce the effort in the initial stages of design or improvement projects. Moreover, it’s a first step toward the development of generalizable and replicable solutions for emergency departments.
Corporate social responsibility, the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and financial performance, with implications for human resource development
Authors: Sharma Ekta , McLean Gary N. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
India is one of the fastest developing economies, but it faces numerous socioeconomic problems, such as hunger, poverty, under- and unemployment, gender inequity and illiteracy. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) funding at the corporate level could tackle these socioeconomic problems, providing support to the nation’s overall development. Mandated CSR expenditures, in alignment with the achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, would support the nation’s contributions to building a sustainable future. Several questions, however, remain. Thus, this study aims to explore relationships between a company’s gross and net profits and its expenditures for CSR; and mapped the specific CSR activities used to address each of the 17 UN SDGs and then draw implications for human resource development (HRD).

Design/methodology/approach
The data were gathered from published annual reports (2019–23) of 60 Fortune 500 Indian companies. A zero-order correlation was used to find the relationship between CSR expenditure and gross, as well as net, profits. Furthermore, the CSR activities of the sample were mapped with the UN SDGs.

Findings
There was a positive, moderate to strong correlation between CSR expenditures and gross profit (r = 0.82, p < 0.01), but for net profit, the correlation was strong (r = 0.85, p < 0.01). All CSR activities mapped to at least one of the SDGs.

Originality/value
The alignment of CSR activities and SDGs based on Fortune 500 Indian companies has not yet been explored. Also, no study to date discusses the gaps in the CSR expenditures for specific UN SDGs.
A novel evaluation method of Chinese female lower body shapes based on machine learning
Authors: Yao Xiaofeng , Shen Jinzhu , Wang Jianping 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to define the evaluation criteria for Chinese female lower body shapes and simplify the evaluation process of shapewear, including girdles, shaping pants, etc.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilized a machine learning algorithm based on support vector regression and optimized by a genetic algorithm to construct an evaluation model for the contour beauty of Chinese female lower body shapes. A total of 64 virtual 3D models of women were measured. These models were rated by 42 raters using the Likert 9 psychological scale and data was obtained from 310 female samples.FindingsEight factors were selected and used to create a regression prediction model. The model achieved an accuracy of 84.7% for the training samples and 86.6% for the test samples.Originality/valueThe model can be utilized to assess the aesthetic appeal of the female lower body and to evaluate the shaping impact of shapewear. The research and evaluation of shapewear for the female lower body are of great significance, particularly in enhancing production efficiency.
Exploring political corporate social responsibility: a qualitative content analysis of multinational corporations' diplomacy efforts during the Russia–Ukraine war
Authors: Ertem-Eray Tugce , Ki Eyun-Jung 
Published: July 2024

PurposeUsing political corporate social responsibility (PCSR) as a theoretical framework, this study aims to examine how multinational corporations (MNCs) can function as nonstate actors in public diplomacy efforts during the Russia–Ukraine war.Design/methodology/approachA thematic analysis using qualitative content analysis was conducted on 98 new releases from the websites of the top 50 MNCs listed in the Fortune Global 500.FindingsThe findings indicate that MNCs elucidate their initiatives aimed at providing a secure environment for war victims through their news releases, with notable variations in responses based on the companies' geographical location. MNCs also mentioned strengthening the power of public authorities by rebalancing power dynamics between governments and intergovernmental initiatives under war conditions.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first empirical investigations to research corporate diplomacy and explore the theoretical implications of PCSR for corporate diplomacy.
Mitigating the infodemic of the pandemic: hospital librarians’ enactment and development of information resilience in healthcare organisations
Authors: Ahlryd Sara , Hanell Fredrik 
Published: July 2024

PurposeThe challenges to healthcare caused by the COVID-19 pandemic forced hospital librarians to develop their abilities to cope with change and crises, both on a social level and an organisational level. The aim of this study is to contribute to knowledge about how hospital librarians developed library services during the pandemic and how these changes contributed to building information resilience in the healthcare organisation. This paper also seeks to explore how resilience theory, and specifically the concept information resilience, can be used within library and information science (in LIS) to investigate resilience in the library sector.Design/methodology/approachNine semi-structured interviews with librarians were conducted at four different hospital libraries in four different regions in Sweden between March and May 2022. The empirical material was analysed through an interaction between the tzheoretical perspective and the empirical material through a thematic analysis. In each theme, specific resilience resources are identified and analysed as components of the information resilience developed by hospital librarians.FindingsThe results show that hospital librarians contribute to several different information resilience resources, which support information resilience in the healthcare organisation. Three aspects characterize the qualities of resilience resources: access, flexibility, and collaboration. The findings suggest that the framework for analysing information resilience used in this study is well suited for studying the resilience of libraries from both organisational and informational aspects.Originality/valueThe analysis of information resilience on an organisational level presents a novel way to study resilience in the library sector.
The diffusion of financial technology-enabled innovation in GCC-listed banks and its relationship with profitability and market value
Authors: Musleh Alsartawi Abdalmuttaleb 
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine the relationship between the diffusion of technology-enabled innovation in financial services (i.e. financial technology [FinTech]) and the financial performance, i.e. profitability and market value of the banks listed in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries.

Design/methodology/approach
An extensive review of the literature was carried out, and a diffusion index of 73 items including was adopted to measure the level of FinTech usage or diffusion for the banks that are listed on the GCC stock exchanges. The study used return on assets (ROA) and Tobin’s Q (TQ) as proxies to measure profitability and market value, respectively.

Findings
The findings of the empirical results indicate that there is a positive relationship between FinTech implementation and market performance (TQ) in the GCC banks. The results also showed that the highest level of FinTech implementation was 79.7% by United Arab Emirates banks followed by Bahraini banks at 76.7% based on the index developed for this study.

Practical implications
This study, hence, recommends that policymakers and governments implement supportive policies and initiatives, allowing consumers to embrace technology as part of their way of life. This encourages banks and other organizations to formulate strategies that integrate technology into operations.

Originality/value
This paper offers new contributions to the GCC literature regarding financial technology and provides recommendations to the GCC financial institutions, financial markets, policymakers and governments.