bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A land controlled‐source electromagnetic experiment using a deep vertical electric dipole: experimental settings, processing, and first data interpretation
Authors: Vilamajó E. , Rondeleux B. , Queralt P. , Marcuello A. , Ledo J. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTA multichannel borehole‐to‐surface controlled‐source electromagnetic experiment was carried out at the onshore CO2 storage site of Hontomín (Spain). The electromagnetic source consisted of a vertical electric dipole located 1.5 km deep, and the electric field was measured at the surface. The subsurface response has been obtained by calculating the transfer function between the transmitted signal and the electric field at the receiver positions. The dataset has been processed using a fast processing methodology, appropriate to be applied on controlled‐source electromagnetics (CSEM) data with a large signal‐to‐noise ratio. The dataset has been analysed in terms of data quality and repeatability errors, showing data with low experimental errors and good repeatability. We evaluate if the induction of current along the casing of the injection well can reproduce the behaviour of the experimental data.
3‐D shallow‐water seismic survey evaluation and design using the focal‐beam method: a case study offshore Abu Dhabi
Authors: Ishiyama Tomohide , Blacquière Gerrit 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTFor 3‐D shallow‐water seismic surveys offshore Abu Dhabi, imaging the target reflectors requires high resolution. Characterization and monitoring of hydrocarbon reservoirs by seismic amplitude‐versus‐offset techniques demands high pre‐stack amplitude fidelity. In this region, however, it still was not clear how the survey parameters should be chosen to satisfy the required data quality. To answer this question, we applied the focal‐beam method to survey evaluation and design. This subsurface‐ and target‐oriented approach enables quantitative analysis of attributes such as the best achievable resolution and pre‐stack amplitude fidelity at a fixed grid point in the subsurface for a given acquisition geometry at the surface. This method offers an efficient way to optimize the acquisition geometry for maximum resolution and minimum amplitude‐versus‐offset imprint. We applied it to several acquisition geometries in order to understand the effects of survey parameters such as the four spatial sampling intervals and apertures of the template geometry. The results led to a good understanding of the relationship between the survey parameters and the resulting data quality and identification of the survey parameters for reflection imaging and amplitude‐versus‐offset applications.
Hoary cress (Cardaria draba (L.) Desv.) seed germination ecology, longevity and seedling emergence
Authors: Rezvani M. , Zaefarian F. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe effects of gibberellic acid (GA3), potassium nitrate (KNO3), prechilling, temperature, salt stress and osmotic potential on seed germination and sowing depth on seedling emergence and burial depth on seed viability of hoary cress (Cardaria draba (L.) Desv.), were studied in a series of laboratory, glasshouse and outdoor experiments. The optimal temperature for hoary cress seed germination was 20°C, both in light/dark and darkness regimes. Seed germination of hoary cress at 400 ppm concentration of GA3 in a light/dark regime was maximal. Potassium nitrate concentrations increased the percentage of germination in comparison with the control treatment. Increasing the duration of dry prechilling to 30 and 45 days promoted the seed germination of hoary cress. Germination of hoary cress markedly decreased as salt and drought stress increased. Seed germination of hoary cress occurred at a range of pH from 3 to 11. Seedling emergence significantly decreased as planting depth increased. Total seed viability decreased with increasing burial depth. The maximum increase in mortality occurred in seeds that were buried at 5‐cm depth.
Forensic Investigation of Methadone Concentrations in Deceased Breastfed Infants
Authors: Madadi Parvaz , Kelly Lauren E. , Ross Colin J. , Kepron Charis , Edwards James N. , Koren Gideon 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThere is a paucity of data to aid in assessing whether postmortem methadone findings in breastfed infants are clinically and/or toxicologically significant. Two cases are reported in which methadone was detected in deceased neonates whose mothers were enrolled in methadone maintenance programs and were breastfeeding. In addition to a complete autopsy and toxicological testing for alcohol, prescription medications, and drugs of abuse, pharmacogenetic analysis was performed for variants in genes related to methadone metabolism and response. In both cases, the postmortem methadone concentration measured in neonatal heart blood was higher than the maximum serum methadone concentration reported in living breastfed infants whose mothers were receiving methadone. However, additional analysis of antemortem blood indicated postmortem redistribution of methadone. Pharmacogenetic results were suggestive of a potential predisposition to methadone toxicity based on studies in adults; the significance of these findings in breastfed neonates requires further research. The medical cause of death was unascertained in both cases.
Adult cannibalism in an oligophagous herbivore, the Colorado potato beetle
Authors: Booth Everett , Alyokhin Andrei , Pinatti Sarah 
Published: October 2015

AbstractCannibalism, or intraspecific predation, can play a major role in changing individual fitness and population processes. In insects, cannibalism frequently occurs across life stages, with cannibals consuming a smaller or more vulnerable stage. Predation of adult insects on one another is considered to be uncommon. We investigated adult cannibalism in the Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata(Say), which is an oligophagous herbivore specializing on plants in family Solanaceae, and an important agricultural pest. Under laboratory conditions, starvation and crowding encouraged teneral adults to feed upon each other, which reduced their weight loss during the period of starvation. However, pupae were attacked and consumed before adults. Injured beetles had a higher probability of being cannibalized than intact beetles. Males were more frequently attacked than females, but that appeared to be a function of their smaller size rather than other gender‐specific traits. Cannibalizing eggs at a larval stage did not affect beetle propensity to cannibalize adults at an adult stage. When given a choice between conspecific adults and mealworms, the beetles preferred to eat conspecifics. Cannibalistic behavior, including adult cannibalism, could be important for population persistence in this species.
Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Brazilian Passiflora Seed Oils
Authors: de Santana Fernanda Carvalho , Shinagawa Fernanda Branco , Araujo Elias da Silva , Costa Ana Maria , Mancini‐Filho Jorge 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe seed oils of different varieties of 4 Passiflora species cultivated in Brazil were analyzed and compared regarding their physicochemical parameters, fatty acid composition and the presence of minor components, such as phytosterols, tocopherols, total carotenoids, and phenolic compounds. The antioxidant capacities of the oil extracts were determined using the 2,2'azinobis [3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid] and oxygen radical absorbance capacity methods. The results revealed that all studied Passiflora seed oils possessed similar physicochemical characteristics, except for color, and predominantly contained polyunsaturated fatty acids with a high percentage of linolenic acid (68.75% to 71.54%). Other than the total phytosterol content, the extracted oil from Passiflora setacea BRS Pérola do Cerrado seeds had higher quantities (% times higher than the average of all samples), of carotenoids (44%), phenolic compounds (282%) and vitamin E (215%, 56%, 398%, and 100% for the α‐tocopherol, β‐tocopherol, γ‐tocopherol, and δ‐tocopherol isomers, respectively).The methanolic extracts from Passiflora setacea BRS Pérola do Cerrado seed oil also showed higher antioxidant activity, which was positively correlated with the total phenolic, δ‐tocopherol, and vitamin E contents. For the first time, these results indicate that Passiflora species have strong potential regarding the use of their seeds for oil extraction. Due to their interesting composition, the seed oils may be used as a raw material in manufacturing industries in addition to other widely used vegetable oils.
Exposure to wind alters insect herbivore behaviour in larvae of Uraba lugens (Lepidoptera: Nolidae)
Authors: Leonard Ryan J , McArthur Clare , Hochuli Dieter F 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWind is a pervasive environmental stress that may directly alter the behaviour of insect herbivores, thus limiting the ability to find and assimilate food and avoid natural enemies. We investigated the direct effects of wind on larvae of gum leaf skeletoniser Uraba lugens Walker by investigating their movement patterns and plant micro‐site selection. We allocated individuals to Eucalyptus tereticornis plants and exposed them to zero (control) or moderate wind speeds (3 m/s) for 2 h and quantified their movement patterns. When exposed to wind, individuals dropped from plants, and a greater proportion of individuals were found on petioles, branches, the underside of leaves and the leeward side of plants. The dramatic effects of wind on larval behaviour, even at relatively moderate intensities, reveal the significant potential of wind to influence plant–insect interactions.
‘They rush you and push you too much … and you can't really get any good response off them’: A qualitative examination of family involvement in care of people with dementia in acute care
Authors: Moyle Wendy , Bramble Marguerite , Bauer Michael , Smyth Wendy , Beattie Elizabeth 
Published: October 2015

AimTo explore the role and needs of the family carer across different acute care contexts and their level of involvement in the care of their relative with dementia in this setting.MethodsA pragmatic, exploratory‐descriptive qualitative approach. A convenience sample of 30 family carers across three sites completed semi‐structured interviews.ResultsFamily carers wanted to be involved in the acute care of their family member with dementia. They acknowledged the importance of a central source of information, educated staff, guidelines on roles and processes, and positive communication, as well as respect from staff for the carer's knowledge of the older person and their needs. They also highlighted the need for medical staff to discuss with them the family member's treatment and care.ConclusionThere is a need for family‐focused interventions to improve communication and involvement of family in the care of family members with dementia in the acute setting.
The Role of Trading Volume in the “Volatility Puzzle”
Authors: Lee Dong Wook 
Published: October 2015

AbstractWe find that the negative average‐return differential between high‐ and low‐volatility stocks—the so‐called “volatility puzzle”—is particularly more pronounced when both groups of stocks have large trading volume. Conversely, the return differential is completely absent among low‐turnover stocks. Such a high turnover‐conditional volatility‐future return relation is long‐lived and present in various segments of the market and in different time‐periods—e.g., in both small and large stocks and during low‐ as well as high‐investor sentiment periods. While the information contents of large trading volume are likely to be multi‐dimensional—thereby allowing for different explanations, our results at least suggest that trading volume is a useful empirical guide to where to (not) find the average return differential between low‐ and high‐volatility stocks. We also illustrate, in a setting that is neutral about market efficiency, how trading volume interacts with volatility and affects future returns.
Role of Indoleamine 2,3‐Dioxygenase and Tryptophan 2,3‐Dioxygenase in Patients with Recurrent Miscarriage
Authors: Obayashi Yuki , Ozaki Yasuhiko , Goto Shinobu , Obayashi Shintaro , Suzumori Nobuhiro , Ohyama Fumio , Tone Shigenobu , Sugiura‐Ogasawara Mayumi 
Published: October 2015

ProblemAn indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO) and a tryptophan 2,3‐dioxygenase (TDO) lead to dysfunction of T cell and immunological tolerance between fetus and mother in early pregnancy. We investigated the role of IDO and TDO in patients with recurrent miscarriage.Methods of studyCervical mucus, decidua, and villi were surgically collected from patients with recurrent miscarriage from April 2010 to March 2013. Samples of cervical mucus were divided into two groups: the delivery group and the miscarriage group. The samples of cervical mucus in the miscarried group and tissue of villi and decidua were divided into normal chromosome group (normal chromosome analysis of villi) and abnormal chromosome group (abnormal chromosome analysis of villi). We performed immunohistochemistry, SDS–PAGE, and Western Blot analysis and measured the activity of IDO and TDO.ResultsThe activity of IDO and TDO in cervical mucus was not significantly different between the delivery group and the miscarriage group, and between the normal chromosome group and abnormal chromosome group. The expression of TDO in villi and decidua was not significantly different between the normal chromosome group and the abnormal chromosome group. The activity of IDO and TDO in villi and decidua was not significantly different between the normal chromosome group and the abnormal chromosome group. The expression of IDO in villi was significantly higher in the normal chromosome group than in the abnormal chromosome group.ConclusionOur results suggest that the difference of expression of IDO and dysfunctional activation of IDO in villi may play an important role in unexplained recurrent miscarriage.
Long‐term venous access insertion: ‘the learning curve’
Authors: Fosh Beverley , Canepa Maximiliano , Eaton Michael 
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe central venous access port device (CVAPD) provides reliable vascular access and is used for delivery of fluids and for obtaining blood samples. However, it can carry some intra‐ and post‐operative complications such as thrombosis, pneumothorax, catheter fracture and port malposition. This article describes one surgeon's experience over a 16‐year period and strategies to avoid complications.MethodsThe data were prospectively collected from 1996 to 2012 (16‐year period). Collected data included age and gender of the patient, pathology, type of port used, anaesthetic type, side and site of insertion, and complications.ResultsA total of 958 devices were implanted. The average age of the patient was 57.8 years. Sixty‐eight complications were recorded with an average complication rate of 7.1%. This rate decreased from 23% between 1996 and 1997 to 3.6% from 2010 to 2013. Venous thrombosis was the main source of complications with an incidence of 2.5%. This complication occurred in seven of the first 86 patients (8.1%, 1996–1998) and decreased to 1.9% between 2000 and 2013. Twenty infections (2%), five pneumothoraces secondary to insertion (0.5%), one port malposition (0.1%) and three fractures of the catheter (0.3%) occurred over the 16 years.ConclusionThe surgeon's complications of CVAPD insertion requiring removal or revision of the port were considerably reduced as the surgeon's experience increases. It is suggested that all surgeons whose practice includes CVAPD insertion will have an initial learning curve, and strategies described in this paper may help decrease the number of complications.
Accumulation of Multipotent Progenitor Cells on Polymethylpentene Membranes During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Lehle Karla , Friedl Lucas , Wilm Julius , Philipp Alois , Müller Thomas , Lubnow Matthias , Schmid Christof 
Published: October 2015

AbstractMultipotent progenitor cells were mobilized during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We hypothesize that these cells also adhered onto polymethylpentene (PMP) fibers within the membrane oxygenator (MO) during adult ECMO support. Mononuclear cells were removed from the surface of explanted PMP‐MOs (n = 16). Endothelial‐like outgrowth and mesenchymal‐like cells were characterized by flow cytometric analysis using different surface markers. Spindle‐shaped attaching cells were identified early, but without proliferative activity. After long‐term cultivation palisading type or cobblestone‐type outgrowth cells with high proliferative activity appeared and were characterized as (i) leukocytoid CD45+/CD31+ (CD133+/VEGFR‐II+/CD90+/CD14+/CD146dim/CD105dim); (ii) endothelial‐like CD45−/CD31+ (VEGF‐RII+/CD146+/CD105+/CD133−/CD14−/CD90−); and (iii) mesenchymal‐like cells CD45−/CD31− (CD105+/CD90+/CD133dim/VEGFR‐II−/CD146−/CD14−). The distribution of the cell populations depended on the MO and cultivation time. Endothelial‐like cells formed capillary‐like structures and did uptake Dil‐acetylated low‐density lipoprotein. Endothelial‐ and mesenchymal‐like cells adhered on the surface of PMP‐MOs. Further research is needed to identify the clinical relevance of these cells.
The NADPH Oxidase Nox4 mediates tumour angiogenesis
Authors: Helfinger V. , Henke N. , Harenkamp S. , Walter M. , Epah J. , Penski C. , Mittelbronn M. , Schröder K. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this work was to identify the role of the NADPH oxidase Nox4 for tumour angiogenesis in a slow‐growing tumour model in mice.MethodsTumour angiogenesis was studied in tumours induced by the carcinogen 3‐methylcholanthrene (MCA) in wild‐type and Nox knockout mice. Mice were killed when the tumour reached a diameter of 1.5 cm and tumour tissue was used for histological and molecular analysis.Results3‐methylcholanthrene induced fibrosarcoma in wild‐type, Nox1y/‐, Nox2y/‐ and Nox4‐/‐ mice. Histological analysis of vessel density using anti‐CD31 staining showed a significant 38% reduction in tumour vascularization in fibrosarcomas of Nox4‐/‐ mice. In contrast, tumour angiogenesis was doubled in Nox1 knockout mice, whereas knockout of Nox2 had no effect on tumour‐vessel density. As underlying mechanisms, we identified a defect in hypoxia signalling in Nox4‐/‐ mice. Hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐alpha (Hif‐1α) accumulation in the tumours was attenuated as was the expression of the Hif‐1α‐dependent pro‐angiogenic genes vascular endothelial growth factor‐A, glucose transporter 1 and adrenomedullin.ConclusionBy regulating the tumour‐vessel density through stabilization of Hif‐1α and induction of VEGF expression, Nox4 promotes tumour angiogenesis and may represent a novel target for anti‐angiogenic tumour therapy.
ENDOGENOUS TIMING IN QUALITY CHOICES AND PRICE COMPETITION
Authors: Lambertini Luca , Tampieri Alessandro 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTWe modify the price‐setting version of the vertically differentiated duopoly model by Aoki (2003) by introducing an extended game in which firms noncooperatively choose the timing of moves at the quality stage. Our results show that there are multiple equilibria in pure strategies, whereby firms always select sequential play at the quality stage. We also investigate the mixed‐strategy equilibrium, revealing that the probability of generating outcomes out of equilibrium is higher than the probability of playing one Nash equilibria in pure strategies. In the alternative case with full market coverage, we show that the quality stage is solved in dominant strategies and therefore the choice of roles becomes irrelevant as the Nash and Stackelberg solutions coincide. With full market coverage and corner solution, the results show that the game has a unique subgame perfect equilibrium in pure strategies, where the high‐quality firm takes the lead in the quality stage.
Altered Machinery of Protein Synthesis in Alzheimer's: From the Nucleolus to the Ribosome
Authors: Hernández‐Ortega Karina , Garcia‐Esparcia Paula , Gil Laura , Lucas José J. , Ferrer Isidre 
Published: October 2015

AbstractRibosomes and protein synthesis have been reported to be altered in the cerebral cortex at advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Modifications in the hippocampus with disease progression have not been assessed. Sixty‐seven cases including middle‐aged (MA) and AD stages I–VI were analyzed. Nucleolar chaperones nucleolin, nucleophosmin and nucleoplasmin 3, and upstream binding transcription factor RNA polymerase I gene (UBTF) mRNAs are abnormally regulated and their protein levels reduced in AD. Histone modifications dimethylated histone H3K9 (H3K9me2) and acetylated histone H3K12 (H3K12ac) are decreased in CA1. Nuclear tau declines in CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG), and practically disappears in neurons with neurofibrillary tangles. Subunit 28 ribosomal RNA (28S rRNA) expression is altered in CA1 and DG in AD. Several genes encoding ribosomal proteins are abnormally regulated and protein levels of translation initiation factors eIF2α, eIF3η and eIF5, and elongation factor eEF2, are altered in the CA1 region in AD. These findings show alterations in the protein synthesis machinery in AD involving the nucleolus, nucleus and ribosomes in the hippocampus in AD some of them starting at first stages (I–II) preceding neuron loss. These changes may lie behind reduced numbers of dendritic branches and reduced synapses of CA1 and DG neurons which cause hippocampal atrophy.
Differenzialdiagnosen, Simulatoren und ungewöhnliche Formen des Kontaktekzems
Authors: Kränke Birger , Schuster Christian 
Published: October 2015

ZusammenfassungWie alle Ekzemkrankheiten sind sowohl das irritative als auch das allergische Kontaktekzem primär über ihr morphologisches Erscheinungsbild „Ekzem“ definiert. Zusätzlich gilt aber als unabdingbar für die Diagnosestellung, dass sie als spezifisches Reaktionsmuster an Haut (und Schleimhaut) erst durch den direkten oder indirekten Kontakt mit einem Allergen oder Irritans ausgelöst werden. In der Theorie und im Lehrbuch lassen sich die für ein Ekzem typischen Charakteristika einfach beschreiben, doch in der täglichen Praxis können die Erscheinungsbilder vielfältig und durchaus uncharakteristisch sein: Kontaktreaktionen können auch lichenoid, lymphomatoid, granulomatös, pigmentiert, purpurisch oder multiforme‐artig auftreten und somit das eigentlich typische „Ekzembild“ vermissen lassen. Dadurch wird der Kreis der zu berücksichtigenden Differenzialdiagnosen deutlich erweitert. Komplizierend kommt hinzu, dass eine signifikante Zahl an Auslösern, die nicht über einen Kontaktmechanismus krankheitsauslösend wirken, unerwünschte Reaktionen entsprechend der Morphologie eines Ekzems und dem Verteilungsmuster eines Kontaktekzems auslösen können. In diesem Zusammenhang sind vor allem Medikamente und hier besonders die zunehmend in der Onkologie verwendeten Kinaseblocker zu nennen. Die Kenntnis dieser Zusammenhänge ist essentiell für die adäquate diagnostische wie auch therapeutische Betreuung eines Patienten mit vermeintlichem oder tatsächlichem Kontaktekzem.
Modified subcutaneously pedicled flap
Authors: Koller Josef , Hintersteininger Arno , Brugger‐Jentsch Karin 
Published: October 2015

SummaryThe subcutaneously pedicled flap, also known as V‐Y flap, belongs to the group of island flaps whose blood supply (unlike the horizontally perfused advancement and transposition flaps) comes from subcutaneous blood vessels perpendicular to the skin surface. Because of the outstanding perfusion of this type of flap, we remove up to one‐third of the cranial flap pedicle to form a skin flap (3–4 mm thick), resulting in a significant increase in the defect size able to be covered by the V‐Y flap. Moreover, in the infraorbital region – as far as topographically feasible – this flap is pulled further cranially (in the direction of the defect to be closed) by an obliquely placed periosteal suture. This offsets any potential distal tension on the flap and has thus proven beneficial in preventing an ectropion.