bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pattern of Serum Cortisol Levels in Different Thyroid Disorders
Authors: Sah Sanjay Kumar , Sah Navin Kumar , Sah Anil Kumar , Yadav Nirdhan , Marasini Surendra 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Thyroid disorders are now common endocrinological issues with an ample number of cases with the most abundant cases of hypothyroidism. Serum cortisol levels have been found to be deranged in cases of thyroid disorders. The thyroid disorders have impact on adrenals glands that produces cortisol. In hypothyroidism, high cortisol results in increase cortisol half-life and also decrease of metabolic clearance. However, control mechanisms often allow normal cortisol values. This study was carried out with an aim to evaluate the serum cortisol in different thyroid disorders and to correlate the relation of serum cortisol with thyroid hormones.Materials and methods: This hospital based cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in a tertiary care center of Madesh province, National Medical College Teaching Hospital in a time frame for six month from September 2022 to February 2023. A total of 300 samples were enrolled in the study (100 hyperthyroid, 100 hypothyroid and 100 euthyroid as control) after taking a well informed written consent and prior ethical clearance. The thyroid function test and serum cortisol was estimated and data were put in Microsoft excel 2010 and analyzed using SPSS version 22.Results: This study showed that there was highly significant difference in the highest level of sensory block achieved between the two groups (p < 0.001 ) and motor blockade. Most of patients receiving bupivacaine alone (Group B) had achieved T6 dermatomal sensory level block and Bromage score of 4, while patients receiving fentanyl with bupivacaine (Group F) achieved T8 and also Bromage score of 3 respectively. The mean duration for highest sensory level in group F and group B was 7.76 and 9.66 minutes, respectively. The mean duration for 2 segment regression in group F and group B was 95.28 and 67.24 minutes respectively. Hypotension was significantly high in Group B.Conclusion: The study concluded that serum cortisol level is elevated in cases of hypothyroidism, particularly in frank primary hypothyroidism. However, the mean cortisol levels were found to be normal in other thyroid disorders.
تأثير استراتيجيات استهداف السوق والتمركز في التسعير على اساس المنافسة : دراسة تحليلية لعينة من المسؤولين في شركة توزيع المنتجات النفطية.
Authors: م.م.هيثم حامد سالم  , أ.م.د.سرمد حمزة جاسم  
Published: June 2024

الغرض من الدراسة هو الكشف عن تأثير استراتيجيات استهداف السوق كمتغير مستقل أول واستراتيجية التمركز كمتغير مستقل ثاني في التسعير على أساس المنافسة كمتغير تابع في شركة توزيع المنتجات النفطية، وتهدف هذه الدراسة الى تشخيص أسباب انخفاض مبيعات شركة توزيع المنتجات النفطية في العراق، حيث تعاني الشركة المبحوثة من انخفاض في مستوى الطلب على منتجاتها من الزيوت الخاصة بمحركات السيارات بسبب شدة المنافسة من قبل المنتجات المستوردة مما أدى وجود فجوة سلبية بين المبيعات الفعلية والمبيعات المخططة. وتم الاعتماد على منهج الدراسة التحليلية لعينة من القيادات العليا والوسطى في الشركة ومن هم في منصب ( مدير عام، معاون مدير عام، مدير هيأة، مدير قسم، مسؤول شُعبة)، تم اختيار عينة الدراسة بصورة عمدية وبلغ مجتمع الدراسة(110) فرداً، بينما بلغ حجم العينة المبحوثة (88)فرد، تم استخدام الاستبانة والمقابلات الشخصية والملاحظة كأداة لجمع البيانات والمعلومات فضلاً عن استخدام برنامج SPSS V25, AMOS 25)) في تطبيق معظم المعالجات والتحليلات الإحصائية من اجل الوصول الى نتائج تفيد الدراسة وتحقق أهدافها. وقد توصل الباحث الى عدد من الاستنتاجات كان أهمها: تمر بعض منتجات الشركة في مرحلة التدهور وهي المرحلة الأخيرة من مراحل دورة حياة المنتوج بسبب المنافسة الشديدة في السوق والتغيير في اذواق الزبائن فضلاً عن التقدم التكنولوجي، على الرغم من انخفاض أسعارها مقارنة بالمنتجات المستوردة نتيجة عدم تقديم منتجات مبتكرة .
Kajian Segmen Fasade Rumah Tinggal Tradisional Melayu di Tepian Sungai Kapuas Kampung Tambelan Sampit Kota Pontianak
Authors: Ciptadi Wahyudin , Hamzah Erwin Rizal , Radhi Muhammad , Harimurti Puspito 
Published: June 2024

Keberadaan rumah tinggal tradisional Melayu ditepian sungai Kapuas, Kampung Tambelansampit Pontianak memiliki nilai kekhasan fasade rumah tinggal yang berbeda dcengan daerah lain. Sehingga didalam mengidentifikasi jenis/tipe/tipologi dari fasade sebuah rumah tinggal tradisional harus melibatkan aspek tolok ukur sistem model (stylistic system) yang yang berkaitan dengan style atau langgam yang mewujudkan bentuk fasade bangunan.
N.J.Habraken (1978) mempertegas pernyataan ini dengan menyatakan bahwa arsitektur rumah tinggal merupakan suatu kesatuan sistem yang terdiri atas Spatial System, Physical System, dan Stylistic System. Sistem model (stylistic system) ini meliputi fasade, bentuk pintu dan jendela serta unsur-unsur lain baik di dalam maupun di luar bangunan dari elemen atas (kepala), elemen tengah (badan), dan elemen bawah (kaki) di rumah tinggal tradisional Melayu dengan melihat nilai kekhasan yang unik dari fasade rumah tinggal rumah tinggal tradisional Melayu.
Dalam penelitian terapan ini dapat digolongkan ke dalam skema sosial humaniora,seni budaya, Pendidikan dengan tema riset yaitu seni, identitas, kebudayaan, dan karakter bangsa. Sedangkan jika disesuaikan dengan Rencana Induk Penelitian (RIP) Jurusan Teknik Arsitektur Politeknik Negeri Pontianak tahun 2020-2024 judul penelitian terapan ini dapat dikelompokan menjadi 2 (dua) yaitu: a.) fokus penelitiannya : seni dan budaya dengan topik penelitian : tipomorfologi bangunan budaya dan bangunan bersejarah di Kalimantan Barat; b.) fokus penelitiannya : infrastruktur dan transportasi dengan topik penelitian : tipomorfologi perumahan ditepian air.
Penelitian terapan ini menggunakan pendekatan metode rasionalistik-kualitatif dengan mengambil beberapa sampel penelitian dari populasi rumah tinggal tradisional Melayu ditepian sungai Kapuas yang masih ada dan masih bertahan sampai saat ini. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa tahapan proses pelaksanaan yaitu : tahap pengumpulan data (observasi awal, observasi lanjutan, dan wawancara) dan tahap analisis data serta pembahasan hasil penelitian. Hasil yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian terapan ini adalah teridentifikasinya jenis/tipe/tipologi fasade rumah tinggal tradisional Melayu yang berada di tepian sungai Kapuas, Kampung Tambelan Sampit, kota Pontianak dengan dokumentasi data gambar (blue print), artikel ilmiah yang dimuat di jurnal maupun di prosiding nasional atau lokal.
Dynamika zmian poziomu funkcjonowania poznawczego wśród pacjentów po infekcji SARS-CoV-2 – propozycja zdalnej oceny neuropsychologicznej w badaniu podłużnym
Authors: Malinowska Ewa , Żarnecka Dominika , Łojek Emilia , Zespół Badawczy NeuroCovid Wydziału Psychologii UW  
Published: June 2024

Cel: Celem przeprowadzonego badania podłużnego była ocena funkcjonowania poznawczego osób, które chorowały na COVID-19, określenie dynamiki zmian obserwowanych w tym zakresie na przestrzeni 3‒4 miesięcy, porównanie wyników pacjentów z wynikami grupy kontrolnej oraz weryfikacja przydatności nowej metody zdalnej oceny neuropsychologicznej.
Metoda: Przeprowadzono badanie podłużne z wykorzystaniem narzędzia do telefonicznej oceny neuropsychologicznej Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT), które na potrzeby badania przetłumaczono na język polski. Badanie objęło osoby po infekcji SARS-CoV-2 (grupa COVID(+) oraz osoby z grupy kontrolnej (COVID(‒). Obie grupy zostały przebadane dwukrotnie, w odstępie 3‒4 miesięcy. Badanie prowadzono od lipca 2020 do stycznia 2022 roku.
Wyniki: Przeprowadzono porównania danych z wykorzystaniem analizy wariancji dla pomiarów powtarzanych w schemacie mieszanym. W porównaniu z grupą COVID(‒) grupa COVID(+) uzyskała istotnie niższe wyniki w pierwszym i w drugim pomiarze Testu powtarzania liczb wspak oraz w pierwszym pomiarze w Teście ciągu liczb. Dodatkowo zaobserwowano poprawę w wynikach uzyskiwanych przez grupę COVID(+) w drugim pomiarze w porównaniu z pierwszym pomiarem w: Teście 15 słów Reya, zarówno w warunku natychmiastowego, jak i odroczonego odtworzenia; Teście powtarzania liczb wspak, Teście ciągu liczb oraz w Teście liczenia wspak.
Konkluzja: Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na obniżenie funkcji pamięci roboczej oraz wnioskowania indukcyjnego u osób z grupy COVID(+) w porównaniu z grupą COVID(‒). Dodatkowo przeprowadzone badanie wskazuje na przydatność BTACT w śledzeniu zmiany poziomu funkcjonowania poznawczego w czasie u osób po infekcji SARS-CoV-2. Szczególnie pomocne w monitorowaniu wspomnianych zmian wydają się testy służące ocenie pamięci operacyjnej (Test 15 słów Reya, Test powtarzania liczb wspak) oraz test wnioskowania indukcyjnego (Test ciągu liczb).
A Visual Meaning of Criticism of Capitalism in Film: Kara, Anak Sebatang Pohon
Authors: Setia Nandang Wahyu 
Published: June 2024

Kara, Anak Sebatang Pohon (2005) is a short film with a story that reminds of the presence of capitalism in the social conditions of a family who lives very far from the crowds. The author is interested in researching this film because the story built by this film is critical of capitalism, and semiotics as a theory the author uses to analyze the process of sign formation and meaning production to see how media texts build their meaning. With the dichotomy of the sign system explained by Ferdinand De Sausurre, namely Signifier and Signified, whose relationship is an association between 'the signified' and 'the signifier', the author uses it to reveal the meaning of the series of symbols (signs) in the film This will be the presence of capitalism amidst the happiness of the life of a small family. Qualitative methodology and the Constructivist paradigm are used as a thought approach in looking at the unit of research analysis, namely the “shots” in the film Kara, Anak Sebatang Tree so that the writer has a reference in interpreting the meaning in the film's story content. Research on this film explains how the content of the story is built and constructed, namely capitalism in carrying out its distribution using all means, and the presence of capitalism has had a negative impact. An ironic condition occurs where a condition that was initially undesirable is rationalized.
Keywords: film; capitalism; semiotic
DEVELOP CREATIVE THINKING AND INNOVATION TO CREATE OPPORTUNITIES IN BUILDING GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Chasanah Uswatun , Imambachri Sapto Hadi 
Published: June 2024

Global entrepreneurship is a trend that continues to develop lately because one of the reasons is the presence of the internet, where everyone can search for news throughout the world, because of this, global entrepreneurship attracts many people since it provides many opportunities to develop. As for becoming entrepreneurs need three basic things, namely Opportunity, Resources and a good Team, meanwhile creativity and innovation create opportunities which is one of the three important pillars in global entrepreneurships, the second pillar is resources and the third pillar is a good team. On this research the Author wants to understand how creativity and innovation can form young entrepreneurs who are able to compete at the global level. This research was carried out using a qualitative. Method of Data collection techniques are observation and interviews to get an overview of the development of start-up companies by taking the case of PT XYZ-Jakarta, where PT XYZ with its great innovation but lack of ability to face existing challenges, resulting in the Company's failure to develop, even though the existing resources are actually quite adequate. So in conclusion to be a successful entrepreneur requires leadership from a founder who is able to balance the factors of Opportunity, Resources and a strong team
Keywords: creativity thinking, innovation, opportunity, global entrepreneurship
CARA PENCEGAHAN PENYEBARAN COVID-19
Authors: Gustiawan Ari , Nehe Rini Berliana 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRAKSaat ini dunia sedang mengalami pandemi yang disebabkan oleh virus covid-19, virus ini sangatlah berbahaya dan sudah memakan banyak korban meninggal dunia, hingga saat ini data terakhir pada tanggal 9 Februari 2020 tercatat sudah terjadi sebanyak 106 juta kasus, dengan jumlah korban meninggal dunia sebanyak 2,32 juta. Covid-19 dapat menyebar dengan sangat cepat karena dapat ditransmisikan dengan mudah, yaitu melalui droplet (percikan air liur) yang dihasilkan saat orang yang terinfeksi batuk, bersin, atau mengembuskan nafas. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan langkah-langkah pencegahan untuk meminimalisir jumlah korban positif hingga meninggal dunia. Untuk mengetahui Langkah pencegahan yang efektif dilakukan observasi pengumpulan data dari pihak-pihak yang ahli dalam bidangnya. Kata Kunci: Pencegahan, Covid-19 HOW TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF COVID-19 ABSTRACT Currently the world is experiencing a pandemic caused by the Covid-19 virus, this virus is very dangerous and has taken many lives, until now the latest data on February 9, 2020, recorded 106 million cases, with the number of victims who died. 2.32 million. Covid-19 can spread very quickly because it can be transmitted easily, namely through the droplets that are produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales. Therefore it is necessary to take preventive measures to minimize the number of positive victims to death. To find out the effective preventive measures, observations of data collection from parties who are experts in their fields are carried out. Keywords: Prevention, Covid-19
Relation between polycystic ovary syndrome and thyroid status and clinical, biochemical characteristics in AL-Nasiriya city
Authors: Audib Motar Basim 
Published: June 2024

Objective: To assess the status of thyroid function and thyroid disorders and some important clinical and biochemical parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ).
Setting: This study was carried out in the infertility unit in AL-Hussein teaching hospital in AL-Nasiriya city.
Materials and Methods: 50 women with age of 18-35 years met conventional clinical criteria for PCOS. Anthropometric measurement including weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed. Laboratory investigations like free T3, free T4, TSH, LH and FSH were measured. Transabdominal pelvic ultrasonography was performed.
Results: The characteristics of women recruited, showed that 20 patients (40%) with PCOS were in the age group of 18-35 years old. Thyroid disorders was detected in 20 PCOS patients (40%), hypothyroidism was detected in 15 PCOS patients (30%) while hyperthyroidism was detected in 5 patients (10%). The relationship between study variables as assessed by correlation analysis revealed statistical significant among LH/FSH ratio, LH level, BMI and irregular menses with thyroid disorders in PCOS patients and revealed no statistical significant with hirsutism and acne.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated high prevalence of thyroid disorders especially hypothyroidism in patients with PCOS. It will be helpful to assess thyroid function routinely in patients with PCOS and offer thyroid hormone replacement therapy if necessary.
Synthesis , Characterization , Antimicrobial New 2,2'-[(1E,2E)-ethane-1,2-diylidenedi(2E)hydrazin-1-yl-2-ylidene]bis (5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole) and their transition metal complexes
Authors: H. Katea Azhar 
Published: June 2024

Transition metal complexes of new legend 2,2'-[(1E,2E)-ethane-1,2-diylidenedi(2E) hydrazin-1-yl-2-ylidene] bis (5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole) with some transition metal ion such as Cr3, Co3+, Ni2+ were synthesis ,characterization by magnetic susceptibility measurements, conductance, elemental analyses, 1HNMR, IR, and mass spectra. The electrolytic behavior were confirmed from their conductance. data spectral study of transition metal complexes suggest octahedral geometry for Cr3+, Co3+ ion , square planer geometry for Ni2+.The effective magnetic moment of cobalt complex is 0.91 that mean the Co2+ oxidation to Co3+. The complexes and ligand were tested against two types of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli) all prepared complexes showed good biological activity.
Study the polymorphism in UCSNP43, 44 to exon 3 of Calpain-10 gene of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome women in Thi Qar Province
Authors: E. Mahmood Alia , Abdul Kareem Jabbar Enas , G. Magtooph Majida , Hashim Mohammed 
Published: June 2024

The correlation between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was reported regarding T2DM genes, which contribute in the pathogenesis of PCOS. The current study was aimed to investigate the association of CAPN-10 gene UCSNP-43, UCSNP-44 polymorphism with PCOS.Thirty women with PCOS and 20 healthy, which are matched in their age, were selected to test the anthropometric and biochemical profile of our samples. Nucleic acid of samples was extracted and genotype analysis was done. The results of patients-hormonal analysis were indicated that the level of follicle stimulating hormone was low and the levels of other hormones were high in comparison to that of healthy women. Biomass (BMI) and lipid profiles of PCOS patients were higher than from these in healthy women. Haplotypes of sequenced samples were determined for each gene fragment. The same three haplotypes of SNPs-43 were identified in both PCOS and controls samples. On the other hand, high diversity of haplotypes was found from SNPs-44. The meta-analysis with fixed and random effects odds ratio (ORs) on the basis of haplotypes frequencies were presented.
The Alliance Negotiation Scale – Therapist Version: Psychometric properties in a sample of Portuguese psychologists
Authors: Nunes da Silva Ana Catarina , Matos Marta , Carvalho Helena 
Published: June 2024

Background
The transtheoretical conceptualization of the working alliance and the resultant evaluation tools often overestimate the collaboration between therapist and client, while neglecting the negotiation process. The degree to which therapists and clients can negotiate disagreements regarding goals and tasks is an important indicator in establishing and maintaining the alliance. Even though the negotiation concept is not new, there is still a lack of reliable and parsimonious self-report measures of the construct. The purpose of this study was to translate, execute the cultural adaptation and, also, to perform a preliminary psychometric analysis of the Portuguese form of the therapist version of the Alliance Negotiation Scale (ANS-T_Pt).

Method
Data were collected online from 100 Portuguese psychologists. Two random sub-samples were used to conduct both exploratory factorial analysis and confirmatory factorial analysis. Convergent validity was assessed through comparison with the Portuguese version of the Working Alliance Inventory.

Results
The ANS-T_Pt showed a one-factorial structure, consistent with previous versions, and demonstrated adequate internal consistency. Evidence supporting criterion-related validity was found based on the correlations between ANS-T_Pt and WAI-T scores. The results showed moderate to large associations between the instruments. These results support the usefulness of the scale, construct’s relevance and its transtheoretical nature.

Conclusion
These results are a step forward for Portuguese therapists’ and researchers’ ability to evaluate the bond between client and therapist and to compare results from different countries.
Worry postponement from the metacognitive perspective: A randomized waitlist-controlled trial
Authors: Krzikalla Clara , Buhlmann Ulrike , Schug Janina , Kopei Ina , Gerlach Alexander L. , Doebler Philipp , Morina Nexhmedin , Andor Tanja 
Published: June 2024

Background
Pathological worry is associated with appraisals of worrying as uncontrollable. Worry postponement (WP) with a stimulus control rationale appears to be effective in non-clinical samples. However, preliminary research in participants with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) does not support its efficacy in reducing negative metacognitions or worry. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of WP with a metacognitive rationale.

Method
Participants with GAD (n = 47) or hypochondriasis (HYP; n = 35) were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (IG) or waitlist (WL). The IG received a two-session long WP intervention aiming at mainly reducing negative metacognitions concerning uncontrollability of worrying. Participants were instructed to postpone their worry process to a predetermined later time during the six days between the two sessions. Participants completed questionnaires of negative metacognitions and worry at pre-assessment, post-assessment, and follow-up.

Results
We observed a significant Time*Group interaction for negative metacognitions and worry. Post-hoc analyses on the total sample and separately for GAD and HYP revealed significantly lower worry scores in the treated GAD sample compared to the WL, representing the only significant effect. In the GAD group, pre-post-effect sizes were small for negative metacognitions and large for worry. Effects persisted to a four-week follow-up.

Conclusion
WP with a metacognitive rationale seems to be effective in reducing worry in participants with GAD. The effectiveness for HYP seems limited, possibly due to the small sample size.
Effect of cultural adaptation of a smartphone-based self-help programme on its acceptability and efficacy: Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Heim Eva , Burchert Sebastian , Shala Mirëlinda , Hoxha Anna , Kaufmann Marco , Cerga Pashoja Arlinda , Morina Naser , Schaub Michael P. , Knaevelsrud Christine , Maercker Andreas 
Published: June 2024

Background
Research on cultural adaptation of psychological interventions indicates that a higher level of adaptation is associated with a higher effect size of the intervention. However, direct comparisons of different levels of adaptations are scarce.

Aims
This study used a smartphone-based self-help programme called Step-by-Step (Albanian: Hap-pas-Hapi) for the treatment of psychological distress among Albanian-speaking immigrants in Switzerland and Germany. Two levels of cultural adaptation (i.e., surface vs. deep structure adaptation) were compared. We hypothesised that the deep structure adaptation would enhance the acceptance and efficacy of the intervention.

Method
We conducted a two-arm, single-blind randomised controlled trial. Inclusion criteria were good command of the Albanian language, age above 18, and elevated psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale score above 15). Primary outcome measures were the total score of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist and the number of participants who completed at least three (out of five) sessions. Secondary outcomes were global functioning, well-being, post-traumatic stress, and self-defined problems.

Results
Two-hundred-twenty-two participants were included, of which 18 (8%) completed the post-assessments. The number of participants who completed the third session was equal in both conditions, with N = 5 (5%) and N = 6 (6%) respectively.

Discussion
Drop-out rates were high in both conditions, and no group difference was found regarding the acceptance of the intervention. The high drop-out rate stands in contrast with other trials testing Step-by-Step. Future research should examine cultural factors impacting recruitment strategies, as insights could help to reduce participant drop-out rates in clinical trials.