bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parents’ attitudes about adolescents’ premarital sexual activity: The role of inter-parent consistency/inconsistency in sexual outcomes
Authors: Somers Cheryl L , Anagurthi Claudia 
Published: October 2013

Objective: Parents’ values about sexuality and about premarital sex play unique roles in the development of adolescents’ sexual attitudes and behaviours. However, research is scarce on the role of consistent versus inconsistent values transmission. The purpose of the present study was to examine the association between parental consistency/inconsistency of values toward adolescents’ premarital sexual activity and adolescents’ own premarital sex attitudes and behaviours. Method: The full sample included 293 adolescents in the 9th through 12th grades (aged 13–19 years), primarily African American, Hispanic, and Caucasian, from three high schools in suburban and urban school districts in the Midwest of the USA. Results: First, analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were run to see where differences between groups may lie. A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was then run with parental values as independent factor, and the six sexuality variables (sexual attitude, frequency of oral sex, frequency of sexual intercourse, age of first sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners and personal sexual values) as dependents, while controlling for gender, grade and race differences. Univariate analyses were run to determine direction of effects. Results indicated that adolescent sexuality outcomes varied by consistency of parents’ values. ANCOVA results revealed that adolescents’ sexual attitudes, frequency of oral sex, frequency of sexual intercourse, and number of sexual partners all varied by parents’ values status. Conclusion: Parental sexual attitudes and consistency in parental communication contribute significantly to successful development in young people.
Ultrasound Indicators of Persistent Obstruction after Submandibular Sialolithotomy
Authors: Joshi Arjun S. , Lohia Shivangi 
Published: October 2013

ObjectiveTo identify and describe the ultrasound indicators of persistent obstruction following transoral submandibular sialolithotomy and discuss the utility of ultrasound in the immediate postoperative period.Study DesignWe performed a prospective case series with planned data collection of patients who underwent treatment for symptomatic submandibular swelling.SettingA tertiary care center.SubjectsThirty‐three patients of either sex with known submandibular gland sialoliths who failed endoscopic retrieval of calculi.MethodsWe performed in‐office or operating room–based transoral submandibular gland sialolithotomy followed by immediate postprocedure ultrasound examination for the assessment of residual calculi. All patients underwent mandatory reexploration for suspicious findings.ResultsOnly the appearance of hyperechogenic foci with posterior shadowing reliably predicted the presence of residual stones following transoral sialolithotomy (P <. 0001). The presence of hyperechogenic foci without posterior shadowing (P = 1.00), ductal dilatation (P =. 23), and intraglandular dilatation (P = 1.00) was not indicative of retained calculi.ConclusionThe presence of hyperechogenic foci with posterior shadowing on immediate postprocedure ultrasound is an accurate indicator of residual stones following transoral submandibular sialolithotomy. Ultrasound examination can be reliably used to identify patients at risk of symptomatic recurrence of sialoliths.
Evaluation of Joint Space Width and Narrowing After Isolated Partial Medial Meniscectomy for Degenerative Medial Meniscus Tears
Authors: Shelbourne K. Donald , Barnes Adam F. , Urch Scott E. , Gray Tinker 
Published: October 2013

Background: Few studies have evaluated the effect of existing articular cartilage damage and sex on joint space measurements after isolated degenerative medial meniscus tears. Purpose: To determine what factors affected joint space width and narrowing in patients after removal of isolated degenerative medial meniscus tears. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 62 patients (15 women and 47 men) with all ligaments intact, no previous surgery to either knee, and an isolated degenerative medial meniscus tear removed in 1 knee were examined. The mean age at examination was 58.2 years at a mean follow-up of 9.4 years (range, 4-20 years). Subjective results were obtained with the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) knee survey. Radiographs were taken using 45° weightbearing posteroanterior views. Midpoint and perceived minimum joint space width of the medial and lateral compartments of both knees were measured to the nearest 0.1 mm by 2 observers at different times, and they were blinded as to the previous measurements (Pearson intra- and interclass correlations, >0.93). Joint space narrowing was found by calculating the difference in joint space width between knees. Percentage of normal joint space loss was calculated by dividing joint space narrowing by the joint space width in the contralateral knee. Other factors considered were patient sex and Outerbridge grading of articular cartilage. Results: Women had a mean 1.5 mm less normal joint space width than men in the involved and noninvolved knees ( P < .01). Mean joint space narrowing was 0.7 mm for both measurements. The mean ± standard deviation narrowing was 0.4 ± 1.2 mm for patients with grade 0-2 damage and 1.1 ± 1.3 for patients with grade 3-4 damage ( P = .04). Five women (33%) and 3 men (6%) had narrowing of >50% of the normal joint space as measured in the noninjured knee ( P = .016). The mean IKDC total score was 66.1 points for women, which was statistically significantly lower than the mean of 82.7 points for men ( P < .01). Conclusion: Patients undergoing partial medial meniscectomy have greater joint space narrowing and lower subjective scores after surgery if they also have existing Outerbridge grade 3-4 damage. Women have less normal joint space than men, and more women than men experience >50% joint space narrowing after surgery.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Fanconi anemia: the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation experience
Authors: Peffault de Latour Régis , Porcher Raphael , Dalle Jean-Hugues , Aljurf Mahmoud , Korthof Elisabeth T. , Svahn Johanna , Willemze Roelof , Barrenetxea Cristina , Mialou Valerie , Soulier Jean , Ayas Mouhab , Oneto Rosi , Bacigalupo Andrea , Marsh Judith C. W. , Peters Christina , Socie Gerard , Dufour Carlo 
Published: October 2013

Key Points
The best survival benefit of HSCT is observed in patients with FA who are transplanted before 10 years with bone marrow after a fludarabine-based regimen. Long-term outcome of patients with FA after transplantation is mainly affected by secondary malignancies and chronic graft-versus-host disease.
Smoldering multiple myeloma requiring treatment: time for a new definition?
Authors: Dispenzieri Angela , Stewart A. Keith , Chanan-Khan Asher , Rajkumar S. Vincent , Kyle Robert A. , Fonseca Rafael , Kapoor Prashant , Bergsagel P. Leif , McCurdy Arleigh , Gertz Morie A. , Lacy Martha Q. , Lust John A. , Russell Stephen J. , Zeldenrust Steven R. , Reeder Craig , Roy Vivek , Buadi Francis , Dingli David , Hayman Suzanne R. , Leung Nelson , Lin Yi , Mikhael Joseph , Kumar Shaji K. 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) bridges the gap between monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (a mostly premalignant disorder) and active multiple myeloma (MM). Until recently, no interventional study in patients with SMM showed improved overall survival (OS) with therapy as compared with observation. A report from the PETHEMA-GEM (Programa Español de Tratamientos en Hematologica) group described both fewer myeloma-related events and better OS among patients with high-risk SMM who were treated with lenalidomide and dexamethasone. This unique study prompted us to review current knowledge about SMM and address the following questions: (1) Are there patients currently defined as SMM who should be treated routinely? (2) Should the definitions of SMM and MM be reconsidered? (3) Has the time come when not treating is more dangerous than treating? (4) Could unintended medical harm result from overzealous intervention? Our conclusion is that those patients with the highest-risk SMM (extreme bone marrow plasmacytosis, extremely abnormal serum immunoglobulin free light chain ratio, and multiple bone lesions detected only by modern imaging) should be reclassified as active MM so that they can receive MM-appropriate therapy and the paradigm of careful observation for patients with SMM can be preserved.
Investigation on flavonoid composition and anti free radical potential of Sida cordata
Authors: Shah Naseer Ali , Khan Muhammad Rashid , Ahmad Bushra , Noureen Farah , Rashid Umbreen , Khan Rahmat Ali 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Background

Sida cordata, a member of Family Malvaceae is used in folk medicine for various ailments including liver diseases. In this study we investigated, its flavonoid constituents, in vitro antioxidant potential against different free radicals and hepatoprotection against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in rat.

Methods
Dried powder of S. cordata whole plant was extracted with methanol and the resultant (SCME) obtained was fractionated with escalating polarity to obtain n-hexane fraction (SCHE), ethyl acetate fraction (SCEE), n-butanol fraction (SCBE) and the remaining soluble portion as aqueous fraction (SCAE). Diverse in vitro antioxidants assays such as DPPH, H2O2, •OH, ABTS, β-carotene bleaching assay, superoxide radical, lipid peroxidation, reducing power, and total antioxidant capacity were studied to assess scavenging potential of methanol extract and its derived fractions. On account of marked scavenging activity SCEE was selected to investigate the hepatoprotective potential against CCl4 induced toxicity in Sprague–Dawley male rats by assessing the level of serum markers (alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, and γ-glutamyltransferase) and of liver antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione-S-transfers (GST), glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (TBARS). Histology of the liver was performed to study alteration in histoarchitecture. Existence of active flavonoids was established by thin layer chromatographic studies.

Results
Considerable amount of flavonoid and phenolic contents were recorded in the methanol extract and its derived fractions. Although the extract and all its derived fractions exhibited good antioxidant activities however, the most distinguished scavenging potential was observed for SCEE. Treatment of SCEE decreased the elevated level of serum marker enzymes induced with CCl4 administration whereas increased the activity of hepatic antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, POD, GST, GSR and GSH-Px). Hepatic concentration of GSH was increased while lipid peroxidation was decreased with SCEE administration in CCl4 intoxicated rats. Presence of apigenin with some unknown compounds was observed in SCEE by using thin layer chromatography.

Conclusions
These results revealed the presence of some bioactive compound in the ethyl acetate fraction, confirming the utility of S. cordata against liver diseases in folk medicine.
Blood–brain-barriers in aging and in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Marques Fernanda , Sousa João Carlos , Sousa Nuno , Palha Joana Almeida 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The aging process correlates with a progressive failure in the normal cellular and organ functioning; these alterations are aggravated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In both aging and AD there is a general decrease in the capacity of the body to eliminate toxic compounds and, simultaneously, to supply the brain with relevant growth and nutritional factors. The barriers of the brain are targets of this age related dysfunction; both the endothelial cells of the blood–brain barrier and the choroid plexus epithelial cells of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier decrease their secretory capacity towards the brain and their ability to remove toxic compounds from the brain. Additionally, during normal aging and in AD, the permeability of the brain barriers increase. As such, a greater contact of the brain parenchyma with the blood content alters the highly controlled neural environment, which impacts on neural function. Of interest, the brain barriers are more than mere obstacles to the passage of molecules and cells, and therefore active players in brain homeostasis, which is still to be further recognized and investigated in the context of health and disease. Herein, we provide a review on how the brain barriers change during aging and in AD and how these processes impact on brain function.
Coexistent Multiple Myeloma or Increased Bone Marrow Plasma Cells Define Equally High-Risk Populations in Patients With Immunoglobulin Light Chain Amyloidosis
Authors: Kourelis Taxiarchis V. , Kumar Shaji K. , Gertz Morie A. , Lacy Martha Q. , Buadi Francis K. , Hayman Suzanne R. , Zeldenrust Steven , Leung Nelson , Kyle Robert A. , Russell Stephen , Dingli David , Lust John A. , Lin Yi , Kapoor Prashant , Rajkumar S. Vincent , McCurdy Arleigh , Dispenzieri Angela 
Published: October 2013

Purpose There is consensus that patients with light chain (AL) amyloidosis with hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia, and lytic bone lesions attributable to clonal expansion of plasma cells (CRAB criteria) also have multiple myeloma (MM). The aim of this study was to examine the spectrum of immunoglobulin AL amyloidosis with and without MM, with a goal of defining the optimal bone marrow plasma cell (BMPC) number to qualify as AL amyloidosis with MM. Patients and Methods We identified 1,255 patients with AL amyloidosis seen within 90 days of diagnosis between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2010. We defined a population of patients with coexisting MM on the basis of the existence of CRAB criteria (AL-CRAB). Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined the optimal BMPC cut point to predict for 1-year mortality in patients with AL amyloidosis without CRAB to produce two additional groups: AL only (≤ 10% BMPCs) and AL plasma cell MM (AL-PCMM; > 10% BMPCs). Results Among the 1,255 patients, 100 (8%) had AL-CRAB, 476 (38%) had AL-PCMM, and 679 (54%) had AL only. Their respective median overall survival rates were 10.6, 16.2, and 46 months (P < .001). Because the outcomes of AL-CRAB and AL-PCMM were similar, they were pooled for univariate and multivariate analyses. On multivariate analysis, pooled AL-CRAB and AL-PCMM retained negative prognostic value independent of age, Mayo Clinic AL amyloidosis stage, prior autologous stem-cell transplantation, and difference between the involved and uninvolved free light chain. Conclusion Patients with AL amyloidosis who have more than 10% BMPCs have a poor prognosis, similar to that of patients with AL-CRAB, and should therefore be considered together as AL amyloidosis with MM.
En nombre del hogar proletario: Engendering the 1917 Great Railroad Strike in Argentina
Authors: Palermo Silvana Alejandra 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article explores working-class families’ modes of collective action in Argentina’s first national railroad strike in 1917. While historical literature has largely focused on the role of railroad unions in labor politics, insufficient attention has been paid to community mobilization and family support in this labor protest. This study offers a fresh approach to this massive social conflict by reconstructing female public participation in its events. The study also takes gender as a category for analyzing the cultural meanings of sexual difference, which shaped both the political sociability of working-class families and their language of rights. Drawing on a variety of sources, such as trade-union journals, the left-wing press, major national newspapers, company documents, official records, and memoirs of labor militants, the essay contends that the great railroad strike was in essence a family enterprise. It represented a landmark in the making of the railwayman as the male breadwinner at the same time that it prompted an acknowledgment of working-class women’s rights in the public domain.
Radial extracorporeal shock-wave therapy in patients with chronic rotator cuff tendinitis
Authors: Kolk A. , Auw Yang K. G. , Tamminga R. , van der Hoeven H. 
Published: October 2013

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of radial extracorporeal shock-wave therapy (rESWT) on patients with chronic tendinitis of the rotator cuff. This was a randomised controlled trial in which 82 patients (mean age 47 years (24 to 67)) with chronic tendinitis diagnosed clinically were randomly allocated to a treatment group who received low-dose rESWT (three sessions at an interval 10 to 14 days, 2000 pulses, 0.11 mJ/mm2, 8 Hz) or to a placebo group, with a follow-up of six months. The patients and the treating orthopaedic surgeon, who were both blinded to the treatment, evaluated the results. A total of 44 patients were allocated to the rESWT group and 38 patients to the placebo group. A visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain, a Constant–Murley (CMS) score and a simple shoulder test (SST) score significantly improved in both groups at three and six months compared with baseline (all p ≤ 0.012). The mean VAS was similar in both groups at three (p = 0.43) and six months (p = 0.262). Also, the mean CMS and SST scores were similar in both groups at six months (p = 0.815 and p = 0.834, respectively).It would thus seem that low-dose rESWT does not reduce pain or improve function in patients chronic rotator cuff tendinitis compared with placebo treatment.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1521–6.
The blood supply to the femoral head after posterior fracture/dislocation of the hip, assessed by CT angiography
Authors: Zlotorowicz M. , Czubak J. , Caban A. , Kozinski P. , Boguslawska-Walecka R. 
Published: October 2013

The femoral head receives blood supply mainly from the deep branch of the medial femoral circumflex artery (MFCA). In previous studies we have performed anatomical dissections of 16 specimens and subsequently visualised the arteries supplying the femoral head in 55 healthy individuals. In this further radiological study we compared the arterial supply of the femoral head in 35 patients (34 men and one woman, mean age 37.1 years (16 to 64)) with a fracture/dislocation of the hip with a historical control group of 55 hips. Using CT angiography, we identified the three main arteries supplying the femoral head: the deep branch and the postero-inferior nutrient artery both arising from the MFCA, and the piriformis branch of the inferior gluteal artery. It was possible to visualise changes in blood flow after fracture/dislocation. Our results suggest that blood flow is present after reduction of the dislocated hip. The deep branch of the MFCA was patent and contrast-enhanced in 32 patients, and the diameter of this branch was significantly larger in the fracture/dislocation group than in the control group (p = 0.022). In a subgroup of ten patients with avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head, we found a contrast-enhanced deep branch of the MFCA in eight hips. Two patients with no blood flow in any of the three main arteries supplying the femoral head developed AVN. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1453–7.
Genetic Variants in the Fibroblast Growth Factor Pathway as Potential Markers of Ovarian Cancer Risk, Therapeutic Response, and Clinical Outcome
Authors: Meng Qing H , Xu Enping , Hildebrandt Michelle A T , Liang Dong , Lu Karen , Ye Yuanqing , Wagar Elizabeth A , Wu Xifeng 
Published: October 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and FGF receptor (FGFR) axis plays a critical role in tumorigenesis, but little is known of its influence in ovarian cancer. We sought to determine the association of genetic variants in the FGF pathway with risk, therapeutic response, and survival of patients with ovarian cancer.METHODSWe matched 339 non-Hispanic white ovarian cancer cases with 349 healthy controls and genotyped them for 183 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 24 FGF (fibroblast growth factor) and FGFR (fibroblast growth factor receptor) genes. Genetic associations for the main effect, gene–gene interactions, and the cumulative effect were determined.RESULTSMultiple SNPs in the FGF–FGFR axis were associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. In particular, FGF1 [fibroblast growth factor 1 (acidic)] SNP rs7727832 showed the most significant association with ovarian cancer (odds ratio, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.31–3.95). Ten SNPs were associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer. FGF18 (fibroblast growth factor 18) SNP rs3806929, FGF7 (fibroblast growth factor 7) SNP rs9920722, FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor 23) SNP rs12812339, and FGF5 (fibroblast growth factor 5) SNP rs3733336 were significantly associated with a favorable treatment response, with a reduction of risk of nonresponse of 40% to 60%. Eleven SNPs were significantly associated with overall survival. Of these SNPs, FGF23 rs7961824 was the most significantly associated with improved prognosis (hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.39–0.78) and was associated with significantly longer survival durations, compared with individuals with the common genotype at this locus (58.1 months vs. 38.0 months, P = 0.005). Survival tree analysis revealed FGF2 rs167428 as the primary factor contributing to overall survival.CONCLUSIONSSignificant associations of genetic variants in the FGF pathway were associated with ovarian cancer risk, therapeutic response, and survival. The discovery of multiple SNPs in the FGF–FGFR pathway provides a molecular approach for risk assessment, monitoring therapeutic response, and prognosis.
Molecular interactions of hemoglobin with resveratrol: potential protective antioxidant role and metabolic adaptations of the erythrocyte
Authors: Tellone Ester , De Rosa Maria Cristina , Pirolli Davide , Russo Annamaria , Giardina Bruno , Galtieri Antonio , Ficarra Silvana 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
This article reports the role of resveratrol in the erythrocyte as a result of its interaction with hemoglobin and describes the effect of this interaction on the metabolism, the redox state, and the release of ATP. The drug crosses the erythrocyte membrane and binds to hemoglobin, altering its modulation and the release of ATP. Our study correlates the variation of the phosphorylation balance induced by resveratrol with the change in the intracellular concentration of ATP and with the decrease in ATP release from red blood cell and the consequent paracrine alteration on the vascular epithelium. Molecular docking calculations indicate larger specificity of binding for oxy-hemoglobin that correlates well with the stabilization of the R-quaternary structure and with the functional modulation of resveratrol on the protein. Finally, we locate a putative binding site at the central cavity of hemoglobin and characterize its key interacting residues with the drug. Computational results support the assumption that resveratrol may act as a protector agent against oxidative protein damage by interacting with hemoglobin.