bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiment Aided Optimization of IWAG Recovery Process in a Complex Field With Complex Fluid: A Case Study
Authors: Khanifar Ahmad , Abd Raub Mohd Razib , Tewari Raj Deo , Zain Zahidah M , Sedaralit M Faizal 
Published: August 2015

AbstractAmong various Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes and techniques, Malaysia's matured offshore oilfield which is currently under water injection for pressure maintenance appears to be amenable to water alternating gas (WAG) implementation. EOR screening studies show that WAG EOR application is ranked high among other EOR techniques and stands better chance of success techno-economically.This paper addresses the immiscible water alternating gas (IWAG) core flooding experiments which were conducted to further investigate and to validate the efficiency of IWAG as a viable EOR technique in one of the highly-faulted, multi-stack reservoirs offshore Malaysia. The IWAG coreflooding experiments were performed on field core composites using current field production gas which has more than 60 % mole CO2. The composite core samples were initially saturated with live oil and irreducible formation water and then flooded with formation water to residual oil saturation at reservoir conditions. Following waterflooding, a number of WAG cycle slugs were injected. The displacements were conducted at pressures well below the estimated minimum miscibility pressure during these experiments.The coreflood experimental results show that the IWAG injection has a potential to recover up to 7.0 % additional oil recovery over waterflooding. Injection fluids are sea water and CO2 rich produced hydrocarbon gas. Furthermore, almost 2.0 % of this incremental oil recovery can be attributed mostly to the hysteresis effects from IWAG process. In conclusion, the results of this laboratory IWAG project has provided the pertinent data required for constructing a reservoir simulation prediction model under IWAG process. Instead of the conventional drainage-imbibition curves input, WAGHYSTER parameters established from IWAG coreflood matching has been used for IWAG prediction evaluation and optimization scenarios for full-field scale implementation. Despite the limited available laboratory data which was based on certain rock properties, the history-matched numerical IWAG coreflood model and the established parameters such as Land's parameter, secondary drainage reduction factor and residual oil modification fraction forms the basis of input to further evaluate the sensitivity of these parameters on IWAG full-field implementation.
An Analytical Model for Analyzing and Forecasting Production From Multifractured Horizontal Wells With Complex Branched-Fracture Geometry
Authors: Heidari Sureshjani M.. , Clarkson C. R. 
Published: August 2015

Summary
Analytical methods for analyzing and forecasting production from multifractured horizontal wells completed in unconventional reservoirs are in their infancy. Among the difficulties in modeling such systems is the incorporation of fracture-network complexity as a result of the hydraulic-fracturing process. Along with a primary propped-hydraulic-fracture network, a secondary fracture network, which may or may not contain proppant, may be activated during the stimulation process, creating a “branched-fracture” network. These secondary fractures can be the result of reactivation of healed natural fractures, for example.
In the current work, we develop a fully analytical enhanced-fracture-region (EFR) model for analyzing and forecasting multifractured horizontal wells with complex fracture geometry that is more-general, -rigorous, and -flexible than those previously developed. Specifically, our new model allows nonsymmetric placement of a well within its area of drainage, to reflect unequal horizontal-lateral spacing; this is a very real scenario observed in the field, particularly for the external laterals on a pad. The solutions also can be reduced to be applicable for homogeneous systems without branch fractures. In addition to the general EFR solution, we have provided local solutions that can be used to analyze individual flow regimes in sequence. We provide practical examples of the application (and sometimes misapplication) of local solutions by use of simulated and field cases. One important observation is that a negative intercept obtained from a straight line drawn through data on a square-root-of-time plot (commonly used to analyze transient linear flow) may indicate EFR behavior, but this straight line should not be interpreted as linear flow because it represents transitional flow from one linear-flow period to another.
Our general EFR solution therefore provides a powerful tool to improve both forecasting and flow-regime interpretation for hydraulic-fracture/reservoir characterization.
The Afterlives of Frantz Fanon and the Reconstruction of Postcolonial Studies
Authors: Shringarpure Bhakti 
Published: August 2015

This essay mobilizes Fanon as a point of entry into mapping the current state of postcolonial studies, and within that, reflects on what constitutes the postcolonial canon. Over a gradual course of the eighties and nineties, there has come about a transition from the field’s founding moments in which anti-imperialism, tricontinentalism, Third World nationalism and aesthetics of realism and resistance thrived, to the current trends that show a slant toward postmodernist fragmentation, multiculturalism, issues of diaspora, metropolitan narratives as well as a proclivity toward theorizing the field itself. There are many reasons for this: the specific dynamics of the post-Cold War American culture within which these works were received; the compromised relationship between academic and commercial publishing culture, which made a jump from narratives of decolonization and neocolonialism to metropolitan multiculturalism; and the sway of postmodernism over academia as a whole, which led to a disregard for Marxist theories and, more importantly, to a neglect of realism as a mode and aesthetic in postcolonial theory. These factors have worked together to shape how the genealogy of postcolonial studies and its theory have come to be accepted as “obvious.” This has, in turn, had strong repercussions for the kind of literature and theory that have come to be celebrated and canonized within the field. The essay draws on Anthony Alessandrini's Frantz Fanon and the Future of Cultural Politics: Finding Something Different (2014) and Neil Lazarus' The Postcolonial Unconscious (2011) to offer a reconstructed genealogy of the field of postcolonial studies.
Connecting Integrity, Respect, and Ethical Disagreement in Darwin and Dawkins
Authors: Coleman Miles C. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT
In public debates there are occasions on which persons might feel obligated to show disrespect in order to preserve integrity. In some public discourses (like those between evolutionists and creationists) interlocutors often show disrespect by “writing off” one another's reasons in an attempt to defend and preserve their own particular beliefs. To make better sense of the apparent discomfiture of intuitions concerning the connections between respect and integrity in such public confrontations, an “other-words orientation” to communication is proposed. The other-words orientation requires that individuals “stand for something” but in a way that respects one's opposition as the living, breathing, reason-giving entities they are. The ancient art of double argument is central to this endeavor.
Uncrossing God:
Authors: Santos Marc C. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTIn “Why Has Critique Run Out of Steam,” Bruno Latour wonders whether academia, particularly the humanities, can rethink its dedication to critique and cultivate an ethos that cares. I question whether Latour's commitment to enlightenment without modernity, particularly his allergy to transcendence, inhibits his ability to transform critique into care. For Latour, transcendence makes impossible the due process of his proposed collective and the corresponding practice of real world politics precisely because it dangles a truth beyond compromise. While Latour regards notions of a transcendence in terms of a beyond as a precursor to terror, Levinas finds terror in the practice of philosophy without the disequilibrium transcendence can bring. Thus, I argue that Levinas offers Latour a way to uncross God that posits the beyond as something other than ineffectually and debilitatingly distant, as something that can inspire us to care.
Habit-Forming:
Authors: Gerdes Kendall 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTUnder the influence of a reading style that Avital Ronell has called “narcoanalysis,” this article performs a reading of addiction and humility through David Foster Wallace's novel Infinite Jest. Exploring both addiction and humility through the vector of habit, I argue that both habits indicate the non-self-sufficiency of a subject exposed to affection from outside. But while I position addiction alongside humility, both as habits, I also argue that humility parasitizes the totalizing logic of addictive habit. Neither identical to nor simply the opposite of addiction, humility exploits addiction's structure of uncontrollable relationality. Even addiction depends on the affectability or rhetoricity of a subject always already exposed in language. Humility holds this rhetoricity open.
Factors predicting quality of life for coronary artery disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Saengsiri Aem-orn , Thanasilp Sureeporn , Preechawong Sunida 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackground: A clear understanding of factors affecting patients’ perception of quality of life (QOL) would be useful for improving continuous care in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.Objective: To examine the causal relationships between cardiac self-efficacy, social support, left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), angina, dyspnea, depression, vital exhaustion, functional performance, and QOL in CAD patients experiencing postpercutaneous coronary intervention (post-PCI).Methods: We used a research survey for causal analysis design to explore the theoretical linkage, guided by the revised Wilson and Cleary model, between QOL interest variables and patient QOL. The 303 subjects were all post-PCI CAD patients. All participants completed the following surveys: (1) a demographic data questionnaire, (2) a QOL Index (Cardiac version IV), (3) the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, (4) the Cardiac Self-efficacy Scale, (5) the Social Support Questionnaire, (6) the Rose Questionnaire for angina, (7) the Rose Dyspnea Scale, (8) the SF-36: vitality subscale, and (9) the Functional Performance Inventory Short-Form, with reliability ranging from 0.72 to 0.98. Data were analyzed using a linear structural relationship analysis.Results: The postulated model was found to fit the empirical data and explained 54% of the variance in quality of life (χ2= 1.90, df = 3, p = 0.59, χ2/df = 0.63, root mean square error of approximation = 0.00, Goodness of Fit Index = 0.99, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index = 0.98). Social support, depression, and vital exhaustion were found to significantly and directly affect the QOL of post-PCI CAD patients. Cardiac self-efficacy was the only variable that had an indirect effect on quality of life (β = 0.21, p < 0.001).Conclusion: Health care providers should be aware of the significant effects of social support, depression, vital exhaustion, and self-efficacy on QOL, and develop appropriate nursing interventions to improve quality of life in post-PCI CAD patients.
Long-term clinical effects of treatment by daytime ambulatory peritoneal dialysis with an individualized dialysis dose mode are comparable to traditional dialysis methods (hemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis) for end-stage renal failure
Authors: Zhi-yong Zhang , Ming-xu Li , Yong-wu Yu , Chun-hua Zhou 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: At present, patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRD) face the question of how to achieve adequate dialysis to maintain their survival with the best quality of life as long as possible. Therefore, the choice of suitable dialysis methods and dialysis dose is important.
Objective: To find suitable dialysis methods and an appropriate dialysis dose for patients with ESRD.
Methods: Our research compares the long-term clinical effects between the patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), daytime ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (DAPD), and hemodialysis (HD). Thirty-two patients subjected to peritoneal dialysis were selected and divided into group A (n = 16) and group B (n = 16), group A was treated by using the traditional CAPD pattern; group B was treated by using DAPD. Forty-six patients of renal failure at final stage were divided into group A (n = 23) and group B (n = 23), group A was treated by using a HD method, group B was treated by using a DAPD method.
Results: When the same dialysis dose was applied, the patients with long-term DAPD treatment can obtain satisfactory clinical therapeutic efficacy for the period of maintenance dialysis, thoroughness of dialysis, maintenance of nutritional status, blood pressure regulation, reduction in incidence rate of peritoneal infection, maintenance of relatively high activity in daily life and alleviation in depression, comparable to patients treated with traditional CAPD or HD methods.
Conclusion: The long-term clinical effects of DAPD are comparable to CAPD or HD.
Movement of the tympanic membrane causing pulsatile tinnitus
Authors: Srirompotong Supaporn , Srirompotong Somchai 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Movement of the tympanic membrane can be a cause of pulsatile tinnitus. There are many etiologies that cause movement of the tympanic membrane, including otogenic pneumocephalus. This is an uncommon presentation after head injury that may be missed as the diagnosis of the primary cause of the symptoms.
Objective: To report a rare case of pulsatile tinnitus because of otogenic pneumocephalus.
Methods: Case report from chart review with relevant investigations and treatment.
Results: We describe the very interesting case of a patient who presented with pulsatile tinnitus because of otogenic pneumocephalus. On examination, we found a moving tympanic membrane. A CT scan revealed pneumocephalus in the right temporoparietal region that was continuous with the adjacent mastoid air cells. There was a transverse fracture through the mastoid process. A meticulous mastoidectomy with unroofing of the epitympanum was performed with widening of the aditus ad antrum. The mastoid cavity was closed without fat obliteration. After the operation, the pulsatile tinnitus ceased completely.
Conclusion: Mastoidectomy and unroofing the epitympanum without fat obliteration is a very simple and effective option for the treatment of pulsatile tinnitus because of pneumocephalus.
Understanding the pain status of the patient: a survey of pain status and pain treatment in an orthopedic outpatient department
Authors: Wajanavisit Wiwat , Chanplakorn Pongsthorn , Kulachote Noratep , Charoenwanthanang Puttavee , Woratanarat Patarawan 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Pain assessments help clinicians to evaluate their patients’ symptoms. However, patients’ satisfaction with pain management is difficult to interpret and may mislead the clinician into being satisfied with inadequate pain management.
Objective: We described and explored patients’ pain status, patients’ satisfaction with their pain management, the impact of pain on sleep habit and routine activities of daily living (ADLs), and the proportion of patients who had undertreatment of pain in the Orthopaedic Outpatient Department, Ramathibodi Hospital.
Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional survey study of pain characteristics and pain management of Orthopaedic outpatients aged over 18 years in the Orthopaedics Department, Ramathibodi Hospital using two parts of a verified questionnaire.
Results: In all, 863 patients were studied. Numbers of patients with acute or chronic pain were in similar proportions and mainly diagnosed as nociceptive pain (83.7%). Most of them suffered from moderate or severe pain (42.6% vs. 39.1%). Severity of symptoms was correlated with sleep disturbance and disturbance in ADLs. However, no correlation was revealed between satisfaction with pain management and the intensity of pain and there was also no correlation between satisfaction with pain management and sleep disturbance or disturbance in ADLs. Most commonly prescribed medications were nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (58.8%). However, 93.4% of returning patients who suffered from severe pain were still treated with nonopioid analgesics.
Conclusion: Patients suffered from moderate to severe pain and had disturbances in their sleep habit and ADLs. Most of them were satisfied with previous pain management, which was usually with nonopioid analgesics including NSAIDs and muscle relaxants. This group included some patients who experienced a high intensity of pain. We recommend clinicians pay more attention to the pain intensity of individual patients and justify appropriate medication by using a step-up approach and multimodal analgesics
Clinical and microbiological characteristics of corneal ulcers in a Thai referral center
Authors: Kampitak Kosol , Suntisetsin Haruetai , Sirikul Tasanee 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: There are regional variations in causative organisms and epidemiologic patterns of corneal ulcers. It is essential to review periodically in terms of epidemiology and the microbial keratitis profiles that occur in a specific region in order to develop a comprehensive strategy for diagnosis and management of corneal ulcers.
Objective: To review the epidemiology, predisposing factors, microbiological characteristics and visual outcomes in corneal ulcers at a referral center in Thailand.
Methods: A retrospective review of patients with clinically diagnosed corneal ulcers presenting between January 2006 and December 2010 was performed.
Results: A total of 159 patients (159 eyes) were analyzed. Ninety-one cases (57.2%) were in men. The mean age of the patients was 43.0 ± 20.0 years. The most common predisposing factor was ocular trauma found in 72 eyes (45%). Culture was grown from 123 eyes and results were positive in 52%. The most frequent causative organisms were bacteria (72%), followed by fungus (28%). The most common bacteria was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (55%) and most common fungus was Fusarium species (33%). In a comparison between fungal and bacterial groups, the latter was more likely to be associated with contact lens wear (p = 0.05). The hospitalization time for the fungal group was significantly longer than for the bacterial group (p = 0.001). The posttreatment corrected visual acuity equal to or better than 20/200 was found significantly more commonly in the bacterial group than in the fungal group (p = 0.031). While therapeutic keratoplasty was significantly higher in the fungal group than in the bacterial group (p = 0.048).
Conclusion: Fungal keratitis was more severe than bacterial keratitis resulting in longer hospitalization time, poorer visual acuity, and with more chance to have therapeutic keratoplasty.
Original article. Patterns of microglial innate immune responses elicited by amyloid β1–42and lipopolysaccharide: the similarities of the differences
Authors: Boondam Yingrak , Cheepsunthorn Poonlarp 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackground: As part of their innate immune response to changes in the central nervous system environment, normally quiescent microglia become activated and increase expression of pattern recognition receptors, scavenger receptors, and production of inflammatory cytokines, proteinases, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and free radicals. These molecules have been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer disease (AD).Objective: We compared patterns of microglial innate immune responses elicited by nonfibrillar amyloid β peptide (nfAβ1-42) to those elicited by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Methods: Murine BV-2 microglial cells were exposed to either nfAβ1-42or LPS for 12 h. Then, total RNA from each condition was isolated and expression levels of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, scavenger receptor class A (SRMARCO) and class B (SR-BI), CD36, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The amount of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) in the cell-free supernatant at 24 h were determined using 10-acetyl-3,7-dihydroxyphenoxazine (Amplex Red) and Griess reagent, respectively.Results: nfAβ1-42and LPS significantly increased expression of TLR-4, SR-MARCO, CD36, and MMP-9 and production of H2O2 and NO in BV-2 microglial cells compared with that of unstimulated cells. However, expression of SR-BI was significantly induced only when the cells were exposed to nfAβ1-42.Conclusion: These findings indicate that pattern of microglial innate immune responses elicited by nfAβ1-42overlap with that elicited by LPS and suggest a specific role of microglial SR-BI expression in AD pathogenesis.
Brief communication (Original). The effect of physical activity on 6-minute walked distance among niqab wearing healthy Saudi women
Authors: El-Sobkey Salwa B. , Aly Farag A. , Alghadir Ahmad H. 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Background: Wearing a face veil (niqab) was found to have a negative effect on the ventilatory function of Saudi adult women, which may challenge their functional exercise capacity.
Objectives: To investigate the effect of physical activity on a 6-minute walked distance (6-MWD) among young adult niqab-wearing healthy Saudi women.
Materials and Methods: Forty healthy young Saudi women were recruited for this study. The study participants (aged 22.8 ± 2.5 years) were selected from students and administrative staff at King Saud University. They were normotensive, nonsmokers, and of normal or mildly overweight. They were divided into 2 groups on basis of niqab wearing. A 6- minute walk test was implemented as measure of the participant’s functional exercise capacity. Their physical activity level was expressed as low, moderate, or high levels using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Comparisons between the basal physiological characters of the 2 groups, 6-MWD, and physical activity level were conducted. A two-way independent ANOVA was used to study the interaction of niqab wearing and the physical activity level on the 6-MWD for niqab wearing women.
Results: Women in the niqab wearing group had a significantly higher physical activity level and longer 6-MWD than those in the niqab nonwearing group (370.7 ± 62.95 and 510.0 ± 81.75 m (mean ± SD) respectively).
Conclusion: A physically active lifestyle improves and preserves the functional exercise capacity reflected by longer 6-MWD among the physically active niqab-wearing Saudi adult healthy women compared with less active women who did not wear the niqab.