bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory effect of glyceollins on vasculogenesis through suppression of endothelial progenitor cell function
Authors: Choi Jin‐Hwa , Nguyen Minh Phuong , Jung Seok‐Yun , Kwon Sang‐Mo , Jee Jun‐Goo , Bae Jong‐Sup , Lee Sangkyu , Lee Min Young , Lee You‐Mie 
Published: June 2013

ScopeEndothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are derived from hematopoietic stem cells, and have the ability to differentiate into mature endothelial cells and contribute to neovascularization. Glyceollins are a type of phytoalexin produced in soybeans under stress conditions. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of glyceollin treatment on EPCs during early tumor vasculogenesis.Methods and resultsWe found that glyceollin treatment significantly decreased the number of EPC colony‐forming units in human cord blood‐derived AC133+ cells and mouse bone‐marrow‐derived c‐Kit+/Sca‐1+/Lin− cells. Glyceollin treatment diminished the number of lineage‐committed EPC cells in a dose‐dependent manner (1–20 μM). Glyceollin treatment inhibited EPC migration, tube formation and the mRNA expression of angiopoietin‐1 (Ang‐1), Tie‐2, stromal‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1), C‐X‐C‐chemokine receptor‐4 (CXCR4), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in cultured EPCs. Glyceollin treatment suppressed activation of Akt, Erk, and eNOS induced by SDF‐1α or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Treatment with 10 mg/kg glyceollins significantly reduced the number of tumor‐induced circulating EPCs and the incorporation of EPCs into neovessels in bone marrow transplanted mice.ConclusionThese results suggest that glyceollins inhibit the function of EPCs in tumor neovascularization. Glyceollins from soybean elicitation could be beneficial in prevention of cancer development via vasculogenesis.
Granular element method for three‐dimensional discrete element calculations
Authors: Lim Keng‐Wit , Andrade José E. 
Published: June 2013

SUMMARYThis paper endows the recently‐proposed granular element method (GEM) with the ability to perform 3D discrete element calculations. By using non‐uniform rational B‐Splines to accurately represent complex grain geometries, we proposed an alternative approach to clustering‐based and polyhedra‐based discrete element methods whereby the need for complicated and ad hoc approaches to construct 3D grain geometries is entirely bypassed. We demonstrate the ability of GEM in capturing arbitrary‐shaped 3D grains with great ease, flexibility, and without excessive geometric information. Furthermore, the applicability of GEM is enhanced by its tight integration with existing non‐uniform rational B‐Splines modeling tools and ability to provide a seamless transition from binary images of real grain shapes (e.g., from 3D X‐ray CT) to modeling and discrete mechanics computations.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aerosolized Amphotericin B Lipid Complex as Adjunctive Treatment for Fungal Lung Infection in Patients with Cancer‐Related Immunosuppression and Recipients of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Safdar Amar , Rodriguez Gilhen H. 
Published: June 2013

Study ObjectiveAerosolized amphotericin B lipid complex (aeABLC) has been successfully used to prevent fungal disease. Experience with aeABLC as treatment of fungal lung disease is limited.DesignWe evaluated the safety and efficacy of aeABLC adjunct therapy for fungal lung disease in a retrospective study of 32 immunosuppressed adults. All values are given as ± standard deviation.SettingNational Cancer Institute‐designated Comprehensive Cancer Center.PatientsAcute leukemia (69%) and severe neutropenia (63%) were common. Fifty‐six percent of patients had undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 185 ± 424 days prior to aeABLC was commenced.Measurement and Main ResultsHigh‐dose corticosteroids were administered during aeABLC in 28% of patients. Fungal lung disease was proven or probable in 41% of patients. Most patients (78%) received concurrent systemic antifungal therapy for a median of 14 ± 18 days before aeABLC. The median cumulative aeABLC dose was 1050 ± 2368 mg, and the median duration of aeABLC therapy was 28 ± 130 days. Most patients (78%) received 50 mg aeABLC twice daily. Partial or complete resolution of fungal lung disease was noted in 50% of patients. In three patients (9%) modest cough, mild bronchospasm, and transient chest pain with accompanying nausea and vomiting resolved completely after discontinuation of aeABLC. No patient required hospitalization for drug toxicity or had a serious (grade III or IV) drug‐related adverse event.ConclusionTreatment with aeABLC was tolerated without serious toxicity and may be considered in the setting of severe immunosuppression, cancer, and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with difficult‐to‐treat fungal lung disease.
Patients' and family members' views on patient‐centered communication during cancer care
Authors: Mazor Kathleen M. , Beard Reneé L. , Alexander Gwen L. , Arora Neeraj K. , Firneno Cassandra , Gaglio Bridget , Greene Sarah M. , Lemay Celeste A. , Robinson Brandi E. , Roblin Douglas W. , Walsh Kathleen , Street Richard L. , Gallagher Thomas H. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectivesTo explore patients' and family members' views on communication during cancer care and to identify those aspects of clinician–patient communication which were most important to patients and family members.MethodsWe conducted a secondary data analysis of qualitative data from 137 patients with cancer and family members of patients with cancer. We used a modified version of the constant comparative method and coding paradigm of grounded theory.ResultsPatients want sensitive, caring clinicians who provide information that they need, when they need it, in a way that they can understand; who listen and respond to questions and concerns, and who attempt to understand the patient's experience. Effective information exchange and a positive interpersonal relationship with the clinician were of fundamental importance to patients and family members. These were interrelated; for instance, failure to provide information a patient needed could damage the relationship, whereas excellent listening could foster the relationship. Information exchange and relationship were also integral to decision‐making, managing uncertainty, responding to emotions, and self‐management. Clinicians who were responsive to patients' needs beyond the immediate medical encounter were valued.ConclusionsThe complexity of cancer care today suggests that efforts to improve communication must be multilevel, acknowledging and addressing patient, clinician, organizational and policy barriers, and facilitators. Measurement tools are needed to assess cancer patients' and family members' experiences with communication over the course of cancer care to provide meaningful, actionable feedback to those seeking to optimize their effectiveness in communicating with patients with cancer. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New Measures of Population Reproduction for an Era of High Migration
Authors: Ediev Dalkhat , Coleman David , Scherbov Sergei 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTMigration has become a key factor in the growth and replacement of populations. But demographic tools for its analysis remain simple. This paper is our response to those problems. We propose a set of simple, single‐number indicators, which summarise the aggregate effect of the major contributing factors to the reproduction of populations. Our estimates imply that the persistence of rates observed since 2004 would lead to robust population growth in the North‐Western and Northern economically developed European countries. On the other hand, countries in the East of the EU and Central European countries would face substantial population decline due both to their low fertility and to low or negative net migration. If current inflows and fertility levels persist, then within 50 years, people who migrated after 2004 and their descendants will comprise more than half of the population at childbearing and younger ages in some European countries. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Observations of summer turbulent surface fluxes in a High Arctic fjord
Authors: Kral Stephan T. , Sjöblom Anna , Nygård Tiina 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe summer atmospheric boundary layer over a fjord in the High Arctic has been investigated during three consecutive years (2008–2010). Measurements of turbulent surface layer fluxes of momentum and sensible heat using a sonic anemometer and slow‐response instruments were taken from a tower on the coast of Isfjorden, Svalbard, and analysed for seasonal variability and differing fetch conditions. The results resembled the atmospheric boundary layer characteristics previously found for ice‐free winter conditions. The momentum flux was usually directed downwards, but for low wind speeds there was a possible contribution of swell, giving an upward directed momentum flux. The cross‐wind component of the momentum flux sometimes contributed significantly to the total flux. The sensible heat flux was very dependent on the origin of air, whether it had a long over‐water fetch, or originated from land areas with or without glaciers. In addition to non‐stationarity of the flow due to the influence of the fjord's shape and its surrounding topography, low wind speeds questioned the validity of the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory, whereas the over‐water fetch and off‐wind angle were of minor importance. Moreover, some results, especially the off‐wind angle, were very sensitive to how the raw data were treated, in particular which coordinate rotation method was employed, the double rotation or the planar fit method.
Offline estimates and tuning of mesospheric gravity‐wave forcing using Met Office analyses
Authors: Long D. J. , Jackson D. R. , Thuburn J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractEstimates of small‐scale non‐orographic gravity‐wave forcing in the mesosphere are investigated using Met Office middle atmospheric analyses. Such estimates are obtained using the ultrasimple spectral parametrization (USSP) gravity‐wave scheme, currently employed operationally by the Met Office. A climatology of monthly zonal mean gravity‐wave forcing from January 2005–December 2010 is presented, along with a discussion of estimated uncertainties and comparison with previous studies. Mesospheric gravity‐wave forcing is found to be underestimated, consistent with the known seasonal evolution of extratropical mesospheric temperature biases within the Met Office assimilated dataset. The sensitivity of gravity‐wave forcing to various parameters within theUSSPscheme is investigated. Subsequent experiments diagnose the temperature response in a free‐running version of the Unified Model when mesospheric gravity‐wave forcing is increased through perturbing the energy scalefactor parameter within theUSSPscheme and imposing momentum‐flux conservation at the model lid. For physically justifiable perturbations to theUSSPscheme, significant temperature responses of ∼10–25 K are seen for mesospheric polar regions under solstice conditions, highlighting the positive impact such changes could possibly have on known temperature biases within the Met Office assimilated dataset.
ESTIMATING ANNUAL RIVERBANK EROSION RATES—A DENDROGEOMORPHIC METHOD
Authors: Dick B. M. , Hey R. , Peralta P. , Jewell I. , Simon P. , Peszlen I. 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTAn accurate estimation of riverbank erosion rates is critical for the evaluation of the past, present, and future sediment regime of river systems. Understanding these relationships allows watershed managers and regulators to prioritize river restoration and contaminated site remediation projects. In this dendrogeomorphic study, changes in the anatomy of tree roots exposed between 1 and 31 years were used to estimate the average annual erosion rates of riverbank sediments on a large river in Michigan, USA. Exposed root samples from diffuse and ring‐porous hardwoods, together with buried ones as controls, were analyzed. Differences in the arrangement, size and frequency of vessels, fiber diameter, cell wall thickness, growth ring width, and scarring between the exposed and the buried samples were used to identify the first year of root exposure. Results of the regression analysis between the average annual erosion rate and the Bank Erosion Hazard Index (BEHI) indicated that the more recently exposed roots (less than 7 years in this study) explained more of the variance (R2 = 0.67) than when all samples were included (R2 = 0.38). Although the average erosion rates for long periods can be accurately determined from the dating of exposed tree roots, attempts to relate these rates using the BEHI for longer periods are less successful, as BEHI values can vary considerably over time as the riverbank erodes. Consequently, when using exposed tree roots to develop regression equations and erosion rate curves for the estimation of erosion rates based on BEHI scores, it is necessary to use roots that were recently exposed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The analysis of directionality of honed cylinder liners surfaces
Authors: Pawlus P. , Reizer R. , Wieczorowski M. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryVarious methods describing the directionality of honed cylinder liner surface topography are compared. The procedure of deep valleys recognition and determination of angular spectra on the basis of ratio of valleys widths in perpendicular directions is described in detail. The applications of deep valleys analysis, power spectral density, and cross‐correlation functions for measured plateau‐honed cylinder surface topographies were studied. It was found that method based on the deep valleys study assured correct values of honing angle estimation. Procedure of sampling interval selection for this method application was developed. Usefulness of deep valleys analysis for obtaining parameters characterizing other features specific for cylinder liner surfaces is described. SCANNING 36:95–104, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reflection on the measurement and use of the topography of the indentation imprint
Authors: Marteau J. , Bigerelle M. , Bouvier S. , Iost A. 
Published: June 2013

SummaryThe goal of this paper is to study the main uses of the residual imprint of the indentation test. It also discusses the different technologies and methods employed in this context. The difficulties encountered when trying to exploit the full potentials of the imprint are thoroughly examined. A survey of the literature on the quantification of the pile‐up clearly shows that there is a lack of consensus on the measurement of the residual imprint as well as on treatment methods. Therefore, in order to widen the application fields of the indentation residual imprint, relevant and standardized indicators should be established. SCANNING 36:115–126, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Climate Change Adaptation and Water Policy: Lessons from Singapore
Authors: Bhullar Lovleen 
Published: June 2013

ABSTRACTAsian countries with large populations concentrated in coastal cities are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts, such as sea level rise. This, in turn, can adversely affect water resources as a result of flooding, coastal erosion, water scarcity etc. Singapore has been hailed for its progressive water policies and practices, which were developed to overcome its natural resource disadvantage (limited resource base) and to achieve self‐sufficiency. Certainly, Singapore's geopolitical situation may have provided an atmosphere conducive to the development of progressive policies; however, it is worth exploring how Singapore is preparing for climate change adaptation, as this may allow other cities/countries to learn from Singapore's experience. The paper evaluates the contribution of Singapore's water policies and practices to climate change adaptation, and examines whether they can support the development of adaptation strategies in the water sector for other similarly situated cities in vulnerable countries. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Roll‐to‐Roll Cohesive, Coated, Flexible, High‐Efficiency Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes Utilizing ITO‐Free Polymer Anodes
Authors: Shin Seongbeom , Yang Minyang , Guo L. Jay , Youn Hongseok 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis paper reports solution‐processed, high‐efficiency polymer light‐emitting diodes fabricated by a new type of roll‐to‐roll coating method under ambient air conditions. A noble roll‐to‐roll cohesive coating system utilizes only natural gravity and the surface tension of the solution to flow out from the capillary to the surface of the substrate. Because this mechanism uses a minimally cohesive solution, the roll‐to‐roll cohesive coating can effectively realize an ultra‐thin film thickness for the electron injection layer. In addition, the roll‐to‐roll cohesive coating enables the fabrication of a thicker polymer anode film more than 250 nm at one time by modification of the surface energy and without wasting the solution. It is observed that the standard sheet resistance deviation of the polymer anode is only 2.32 Ω/□ over 50 000 bending cycles. The standard sheet resistance deviation of the polymer anode in the different bending angles (0 to 180°) is 0.313 Ω/□, but the case of the ITO‐PET is 104.93 Ω/□. The average surface roughness of the polymer anode measured by atomic force microscopy is only 1.06 nm. Because the surface of the polymer anode has a better quality, the leakage current of the polymer light‐emitting diodes (PLEDs) using the polymer anode is much lower than that using the ITO‐PET substrate. The luminous power efficiency of the two devices is 4.13 lm/W for the polymer anode and 3.21 lm/W for the ITO‐PET. Consequently, the PLEDs made by using the polymer anode exhibited 28% enhanced performance because the polymer anode represents not only a higher transparency than the ITO‐PET in the wavelength of 560 nm but also greatly reduced roughness. The optimized the maximum current efficiency and power efficiency of the device show around 6.1 cd/A and 5.1 lm/W, respectively, which is comparable to the case of using the ITO‐glass.
Covalently Stabilized Pd Clusters in Microporous Polyphenylene: An Efficient Catalyst for Suzuki Reactions Under Aerobic Conditions
Authors: Song Qi , Jia Yuying , Luo Bin , He Haiyong , Zhi Linjie 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA novel catalyst composed of a microporous polyphenylene network and covalently stabilized Pd clusters (Pd/MPP) for highly efficient Suzuki–Miyaura coupling is synthesized with an in‐situ one‐pot chemical approach, through the catalytic trimerization of 1,3,5‐triethynylbenzene. The unique Pd/MPP cluster exhibits very high catalytic activity for a broad scope of Suzuki–Miyaura reactions with short reaction time, good yield, and high turnover number and turnover frequency values, even in aqueous media under aerobic conditions. The strong covalent interaction between Pd and MPP network prevents the agglomeration or leaching of Pd clusters and enables the catalyst to remain highly active, even after a number of cycles.
Particle Flow and Behavior at Bell‐Less Charging of the Blast Furnace
Authors: Yu Yaowei , Saxén Henrik 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe burden distribution in the upper part of the blast furnace is one of the most important factors controlling the gas flow distribution, and therefore the efficiency of heat and mass transfer and chemical reactions between gas and solids in the process. This work studies burden profiles formed by pellets and coke dumps using experiments and simulation. Comparing results from DEM simulation with findings from a small‐scale experimental system, it is demonstrated that the modeling technique is feasible. The rotation of the chute was found to cause a shift of the particles off from the bottom center line of the chute. In the burden layer formation, coke forms a pile at the intersection of falling trajectory and burden surface, while pellets spread towards the furnace center, simultaneously occupying the space between the larger coke particles after the pellet pile has reached the maximum natural angle. Particles with a high angular velocity were found to be more likely to enter the region close to the furnace wall. It is also shown that reducing the shear modulus of the burden material in the simulation is an efficient method to increase the calculating speed of the DEM without significant effect on the results of the simulation.
The Role of Geographic Location in the Acquisition Strategies of High‐Technology Firms: Evidence from Computer Networking Equipment Industry
Authors: Yurov Kirill M. , Greenstein Shane M. , Shanley Mark T. , Potter Richard E. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe present study focuses on the acquisition strategies of Cisco Systems, a comprehensible representative of high‐technology firms. This investigation has depicted a dynamic picture of acquisition behavior when the geographic location of targets varies. Analysis has revealed that high‐technology firms are more likely to acquire co‐located start‐ups. Our findings suggest that high‐technology firms are more likely to acquire targets who have received an earlier equity investment and whose technologies have been standardized. We have also found partial evidence that supports the argument that high‐technology firms pursue cluster‐based acquisitions. Analysis suggests that access to patents does not matter for start‐up companies located in industry clusters while their counterparts outside these clusters need patents to become acquisition targets. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Integration Vacuum: Creating Action Space for Global Strategy Implementation in International Acquisitions
Authors: Colman Helene Loe , Grøgaard Birgitte 
Published: June 2013

AbstractMany multinationals rely on acquisitions when expanding internationally. However, cross‐border integration processes are complex and often result in a looser integration than intended. In this study, we examine the postacquisition process in a multinational seeking global integration of its geographically dispersed organizational units. We find that politicization and ambiguity lead to integration vacuum where top‐down initiatives fail to achieve desired integration outcomes. However, the integration vacuum creates expanded space of action for the acquired firm to initiate unexpected bottom‐up integration. We contribute to the literature on multinationals by illuminating the challenges they face when extending their dominant strategic logic to international acquisitions. Furthermore, we identify the process through which politicization and ambiguity lead to integration vacuum that allows the foreign subsidiary an expanded space of action wherein it can initiate bottom‐up integration efforts. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Role of Absorptive Capacity in Acquisition Knowledge Transfer
Authors: Junni Paulina , Sarala Riikka M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThis article examines the role of absorptive capacity in acquisitions. We propose that absorptive capacity is an important determinant of acquisition knowledge transfer. Also, we identify antecedents of absorptive capacity in the specific context of acquisitions. These include contextual (national cultural differences), individual (employee withdrawal), and organizational design level (integration process communication, knowledge processing system) antecedents. We test our hypotheses on a sample of domestic and foreign acquisitions conducted by Finnish companies. This study contributes to the acquisition literature by elaborating on the role of absorptive capacity in acquisitions and to the general absorptive capacity literature by highlighting the importance of previously underexplored antecedents and outcomes of absorptive capacity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.