bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of One Health Approach in Tanzania: Strengths and Challenges
Authors: Vianney John-Mary , Kimaro Esther G. , Buza Joram , Knight-Jones Theo , Fevre Eric , Richards Shauna , Shirima Gabriel M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
One Health (OH) approach has recently been defined by the OH High-Level Expert Panel (OHHLEP) as an integrated, unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of people, animals, and ecosystems. Under the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO), the OH section (OHS) is responsible for OH implementation. The OHS task is to bring together multiple sectors and disciplines to work together with clear OH approach coordination in the country. Following the recent revision of the OH strategic plan (2022–2027), the OHS is now eligible to receive funding from the government. In addition, through OHS, Tanzania has supporting documents for OH, including the National Action Plan for Antimicrobial Resistance, the prioritized list of zoonotic diseases, and strategic prevention and control plans. Despite these developments in OH in Tanzania, the Capacitating One Health in Eastern and Southern Africa (COHESA) project helped identify the challenges and gaps that Tanzania faces in OH implementation. A baseline assessment study was conducted in four settings: Desktop Review, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Key Informants Interview (KII), and OH net mapping. Results showed that the country’s OH challenges include a lack of OH resources, OH education inclusiveness, and OH awareness at the subnational level. There are limited suitable OH monitoring mechanisms to assess the progress of the OH approach in Tanzania. Thus, COHESA supports the country in addressing these challenges to improve at all levels of OH sectoral performance in the context of OH governance, education, and implementation.

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© The Authors 2024
Can a one-day event trigger interest in quantum physics at the university level?
Authors: Anttila Daria , Lehtinen Antti , Koskinen Pekka 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The ongoing second quantum revolution and the growing impact of quantum technologies on our society and economy are making quantum physics education even more important. Consequently, there is a lot of research on quantum physics education for university students and even the general public. However, studying quantum physics or any other topic is primarily voluntary and thus a matter of personal interest—and it can only grow from a seed planted earlier. Here, we describe and test how a one-day event designed to trigger interest and change perceptions about quantum physics among physics and mathematics students at the University of Turku, Finland succeeded in meeting its goals. The data was collected from participants through questionnaires and complementary interviews. We found that the event made attitudes and views toward quantum physics more positive, versatile, and realistic. Although the event was too short to notably or permanently elevate the phase of interest when evaluated externally on a four-level scale, self-evaluations still reported an increased interest for most participants. Thus, it appears that even a short event can cultivate the ground to make it fertile for maintaining and developing interest further, for example, by well-designed and -timed quantum physics curriculum.
Two orientation effects and large anisotropy of parameters in piezo-active 2–1–2 composites based on [0 1 1]-poled crystals
Authors: Topolov Vitaly Yu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The results of a comparative study on piezo-active 2–1–2 composites with two ferroelectric components are discussed. The composite structure combines elements of 2–2 (laminar) and 1–3 (fibrous) connectivity patterns. The first component in each composite is domain-engineered [0 1 1]-poled single crystal with macroscopic mm2 symmetry and high piezoelectric activity. The second component is a poled ferroelectric ceramic that is represented by parallel rods in the shape of an elliptic cylinder with a large ratio of semi-axes at its base. The first orientation effect is appreciable due to rotations of the main crystallographic axes X and Y around Z || OX
3 by an angle α in each crystal layer. Rotation of the ceramic rod bases by an angle γ in a polymer medium leads to the second orientation effect in the 2–1–2 composite. The two orientation effects contribute to a large anisotropy of electromechanical coupling factors

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A spatiotemporal encoding metasurface design for manipulation of integrated radiation-scattering characteristic
Authors: Hou Jun Hui , Shi Yan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a spatiotemporal encoding metasurface design to independently achieve the good radiation and the low scattering performances in the same frequency band. The proposed metasurface unit cell is composed of a square patch and two orthogonally placed I-shaped strips. By switching the operating states of the PIN diode inserted into each I-shaped strip between ON state and OFF state, a phase difference of 180° can be obtained in the band of 7.6–7.95 GHz for two orthogonally polarized incident waves. When a coaxial probe is introduced at the diagonal line of the square patch, the dual-polarized radiation capability is achieved within the frequency range of 7.6–7.95 GHz. With the proposed metasurface unit cell, the manipulation of the radiating wave and the scattering wave has no influence on each other. By controlling the PIN operating states by the field programmable gate array in real time, the power of the scattering wave is transferred to some higher order harmonics, thus realizing radar cross section (RCS) reduction. With optimized spatial and temporal encoding layouts, the proposed metasurface realizes the RCS reduction over 10 dB within the range of 7.3–8 GHz, with the maximum RCS reduction of 35.6 dB, while maintaining good radiation capability.
Enhancement of bionic cilia flow rate sensor signals by single-well stochastic resonance
Authors: Fu Yihang , Zhang Xinwei , Lv Leyang , Zhao Haowen , Liu Wu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Based on the characteristics of non-periodic signals in bionic cilia flow rate sensors, an investigation on the real-time signal processing methodologies is conducted in single-well stochastic resonance. In this research, we derive a model for an adaptive single-well stochastic resonance system featuring nonlinear recuperation. To assess the scientific robustness and practical viability of the algorithm, a validation experiment was formulated utilizing the single-well stochastic resonance capacitance online detection and processing hardware system. The experimental findings show a notable reduction in noise interference, a marked enhancement in signal quality, and an approximate 0.55 increase in the maximum cross-correlation coefficient among sensor signals. Consequently, the model fulfills the requirements for effectively handling non-periodic signals from sensors.
A signal-adaptive measurement matrix construction algorithm for compressed sensing of sEMG data
Authors: Ma Yehao , Wang Xiaofeng , Liu Bangli , Jiang Chao , Gu Haiyan , Zhong Qiubo , Zhang Haoxiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Surface electromyography (sEMG), serving as a pivotal wearable technology, is a promising tool to assess and monitor muscle function. Yet, the efficacy of a sEMG system faces inevitable constraints, primarily stemming from the challenges of transmission and energy consumption induced by big data. Compressed sensing (CS) is a promising data acquisition solution that takes advantage of the signal sparseness in a particular basis to significantly reduce the number of samples. Current CS methods usually employ random or deterministic measurement matrix to compress sEMG signal. However, these measurement matrices do not integrate the signal feature, which limits the performance of these CS methods. To address this problem, this paper proposes an improved CS method for sEMG data compression. This proposed method introduces a measurement matrix construction algorithm to produce a deterministic matrix tailored for processing sEMG signals. The deterministic measurement matrix integrates the characteristics of the magnitudes of sEMG signals. The simulated signals and experimental signals acquired from the upper limb muscles of the stroke survivors were applied to evaluate the proposed CS method, with results showing that it achieves better reconstruction accuracy and robustness than the CS methods with other measurement matrices. The proposed method employing basis pursuit in the signal reconstruction presents better performance than that employing orthogonal matching pursuit. Hence, we can conclude that the proposed CS algorithm is of key importance for the popularization of sEMG in the wearable health monitoring devices.
Separation of ventilation and perfusion of electrical impedance tomography image streams using multi-dimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition
Authors: Hülkenberg Alfred Christian , Ngo Chuong , Lau Robert , Leonhardt Steffen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective. In the future, thoracic electrical impedance tomography (EIT) monitoring may include continuous and simultaneous tracking of both breathing and heart activity. However, an effective way to decompose an EIT image stream into physiological processes as ventilation-related and cardiac-related signals is missing.
Approach. This study analyses the potential of Multi-dimensional Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition by application of the Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise and a novel frequency-based combination criterion for detrending, denoising and source separation of EIT image streams, collected from nine healthy male test subjects with similar age and constitution.
Main results. In this paper, a novel approach to estimate the lung, the heart and the perfused regions of an EIT image is proposed, which is based on the Root Mean Square Error between the index of maximal respiratory and cardiac variation to their surroundings. The summation of the indexes of the respective regions reveals physiologically meaningful time signals, separated into the physiological bandwidths of ventilation and heart activity at rest. Moreover, the respective regions were compared with the relative thorax movement and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal. In linear regression analysis and in the Bland–Altman plot, the beat-to-beat time course of both the ventilation-related signal and the cardiac-related signal showed a high similarity with the respective reference signal.
Significance. Analysis of the data reveals a fair separation of ventilatory and cardiac activity realizing the aimed source separation, with optional detrending and denoising. For all performed analyses, a feasible correlation of 0.587 to 0.905 was found between the cardiac-related signal and the PPG signal.
Transmissive invisibility cloak using phase gradient metasurfaces
Authors: Wang Yufang , Ge Yuehe , Zhou Ziheng , Chen Zhizhang (David) 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Different from the reflective approach of the carpet cloak designed to conceal surface irregularities on highly reflective surfaces, the transmission invisibility cloak, often capable of achieving perfect invisibility, operates within a transmission geometry. In this configuration, the cloaking mechanism ensures that an object neither reflects nor refracts incoming waves in free space, presenting opportunities for more versatile applications, though with the requirement for intricate designs. This paper introduces a novel methodology for designing a transmissive invisibility cloak, employing a simplified combination structure of two phase-gradient metasurfaces based on the generalized Snell’s law. Initially, we designed a highly transparent metasurface for the millimeter-wave band to yield diverse phase gradients. We confirmed the effectiveness of this metasurface through the observation of abnormal refraction. Then, through a deliberate arrangement of these phase gradients, we construct a transmissive invisibility cloak that guides electromagnetic waves around the cloaked region. Simulations and experimental measurements conducted under plane-wave conditions demonstrate the cloak’s effectiveness and practical applicability. The ensuing comparative investigations of results among free space, uncloaked objects, and cloaked objects validate the expected cloaking effect, offering valuable insights into the design and functionality of transmissive invisibility cloaks.
Low-cost saw/sinus-tooth-shaped circular microstrip patch antenna for in-space and satellite applications
Authors: Avşar Aydin Emine , Akbiyik Hürrem 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Antennas operating in S and C bands are crucial in space satellite applications due to their high bandwidth, which facilitates the swift transmission of large data volumes from space vehicles to Earth. These bands are less affected by atmospheric disturbances and exhibit lower noise levels, ensuring uninterrupted and reliable communication between spacecraft and Earth centers. They are essential for satellite-based remote sensing, analyzing surface properties, transmitting high-resolution images, scientific data, and other information. Additionally, they are used for spacecraft control and navigation, enabling precise mission operations. This study emphasizes user-friendly production antennas with different geometries and distinct feeding techniques, demonstrating various design implementations using CST Microwave Studio software. Innovative manufacturing methods such as 3D printing PLA substrates and using copper tape for antenna elements were explored to optimize costs and production processes. Precise cutting of antenna radiation geometries was achieved using the Cricut machine. Experimental validation through reflection coefficient (S11) measurements with a handheld vector network analyzer confirmed the practical application of theoretical foundations. The study’s novelty lies in examining unconventional materials like PLA filament for antenna substrates, exploring fractalization theory for enhancing bandwidth, and discussing advancements in material science with flexible filaments like TPU. These contributions offer insights into user-friendly antenna production, innovative manufacturing techniques, and theoretical explorations in antenna design, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of space satellite communication systems.
Davidson basis in the shell model for 2p, 2h, and pn nuclei
Authors: Sobhani Hadi , Luo Yan-An , Jalili Amir , Hassanabadi Hassan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, we replace the widely used harmonic oscillator basis with the Davidson basis for the shell model computation. The new foundation was introduced and its application to the shell model computation was explained. A detailed discussion is given on the method of calculation and utilization. Then, three cases two-particle, 18O, and two-hole, 38Ar, and proton-neutron nuclei, 6Li, and 18F, that illustrate various scenarios are examined. In these two scenarios, both Davidson bases and harmonic oscillator are used to replicate energy levels and a few electric transition probabilities. We assess each case’s accuracy by comparing the theoretical predictions with the experimental data.
Development and characterization of powder metallurgy processed Al/Fe/SiC/MoS2 hybrid composites
Authors: Zaki Mohammad Umair , Upadhyay Vikas , Hasan Faisal , Sharma Chaitanya 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study explores hybrid aluminum matrix composites through powder metallurgy, incorporating silicon carbide, iron, and molybdenum disulfide at varying weight percentages (5%, 10%, and 15%). Defect-free hybrid composites with a uniform distribution of reinforcing particles were fabricated and characterized for microstructure, hardness, density, and wear. The EDX spectra show peaks consistent with Al, Fe, SiC, and MoS2, confirming their presence in developed hybrid composites. The pure aluminum sample presents a relative density higher than that of hybrid composites, while its hardness is lower (25%–41%) than that of hybrid composites. The wear rate decreased with the amount of reinforcing particles. The presence of hard silicon carbide, iron, particles, and lubrication by molybdenum disulfide effectively enhanced the wear behavior of hybrid composites.
Local detailed balance for active particle models
Authors: Khodabandehlou Faezeh , Maes Christian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStarting from a Huxley-type model for an agitated vibrational mode, we propose an embedding of standard active particle models in terms of two-temperature processes. One temperature refers to an ambient thermal bath, and the other temperature effectively describes ‘hot spots,’ i.e. systems with few degrees of freedom showing important population homogenization or even inversion of energy levels as a result of activation. That setup admits to quantitatively specifying the resulting nonequilibrium driving, rendering local detailed balance to active particle models, and making easy contact with thermodynamic features. In addition, we observe that the shape transition in the steady low-temperature behavior of run-and-tumble particles (with the interesting emergence of edge states at high persistence) is stable and occurs for all temperature differences, including close to equilibrium.
Blind Spot Detection for Autonomous Driving Using RADAR Technique
Authors: Ramteke A Y , Ramteke P , Dhongade A , Modak U , Thakre L P 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The ever-changing landscape of the automotive sector has been significantly influenced by technological advancements, particularly the incorporation of Radar technology, have played a vital role in shaping the safety features of modern vehicles. In the automotive industry, radar sensors play a important role in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), improving road safety and driver convenience and One of the ADAS latest application is the Blind Spot Monitoring (BSM) system, which addresses the great challenge of driver visibility in certain areas around the vehicle. The BSM system uses radar sensors to detect obscured vehicles or objects, thereby reducing accident risk and improving road safety and driver convenience. As traffic densities rise and vehicles become more interconnected, BSM systems have become essential for safer and more efficient driving. The continuous evolution of radar technology integration demonstrates the automotive industry’s commitment to driver safety and its dedication to using advanced technologies to enhance the driving experience.
Artificial Intelligence in Carbon Capture: Modeling CO2 Absorption Using Amine Blends
Authors: Alavekar Aniruddha , Lanjewar Tejas , Vyawahare Aditya , Patil Mayurkumar P 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) from burning fossil fuels and other modernistic industrial processes is the main contributor to the greenhouse gas impact and global warming. The substantial quantities of CO2 produced by this exercise emphasize the pressing need to produce effective processes for removing it from gas products in order to prevent hazardous emissions into the atmosphere. This work an aim is to develop a predictive model for estimating the CO2 absorbed rate in various amine blends. The model was used an artificial neural network (ANN) with three inputs, which was trained on a dataset of 159 experimental data points associated with CO2 absorption by amine blends. Sterically hindered amines, primary amines, tertiary amines, and a few promoters along with physical solvents were among the amine blends that were taken into consideration. Three crucial input variables that were included in the study: Amine temperature (T), Blended amine concentration (AmH) and the Partial pressure of CO2(PCO2
), and. RCO2
(unit as, kmol.m−2.s−1), or the rate of CO2 absorption, was the model’s target value. 15 neurons were found to be the ideal count of neural network models, and the dataset’s mean square error (MSE) was found to be 21.18. These findings demonstrated how effectively the created ANN model predicted CO2 absorption rates, representing a crucial step in the processes of carbon capture and sequestration.
Comparative Analysis of Winding of Multiple Yarns on Automated Winding Machine
Authors: sahare Shilpa , kamble Prashant , Suryavanshi V. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this work, an automated yarn winding machine for small-scale industry is attempted to be designed and developed. Any nation’s economy benefits greatly from the textile industry, but in India, where it employs almost 66 million people, this is particularly true. The demand for premium yarn is rising along with the ready-to-wear industry. In order to determine if it is feasible to wind a rod of varying length on an automated winding machine, a comparative investigation of the various yarn materials is conducted in this paper. A few phenomena that may cause yarn strength to decline are also investigated. This led to the discovery that non-traditional winding procedures produce better results than conventional winding approaches. In this the experiments performed on cotton, polyester and wool and compared analysis is done.
Mechanical Design and Tactical Placement Technique of Robust and Reliable Battery Pack for Electric Vehicle- A Review
Authors: Janunkar Rajeshwar , Bhaiswar Vinod , Dandavate Abhijit 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The great sensitivity of lithium-ion battery packs to external factors such pressure, temperature, and dynamic mechanical stresses might result in a potential failure during thermal runaway in an electric car caused by shaking or collision with a car. Enormous electrification of the commercial and public transit industries is hampered, among other things, by concerns about battery pack safety and reliability. In order to solve these problems, this study covers mechanical design elements. Through examples, the paper shows how basic mechanical elements able to incorporated into the design of battery packing to reduce the likelihood of failure and lessen the previously listed safety issues. In addition, the essential elements of a durable The battery pack has been thoroughly examined, and the resources needed to create these elements and satisfy their operational specifications have been determined. A LEAF battery package design example is used to illustrate the strategic battery pack placement technique. Lastly, the fundamental technical design specifications for a durable and dependable battery packing methods are made public by contrasting the disclosed design choices presented in this article with battery pack design.