bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Part‐time versus full‐time employment status differences: A replication and extension
Authors: Jackofsky Ellen F. , Peters Lawrence H. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTwo groups of part‐time employees were compared to full‐time employees on several organizationally relevant reactions and behaviours in order to replicate and extend research on potential employment status differences. After controlling for demographics, it was found that there were mean differences between the groups; however, no evidence was found for differences in how the various groups ‘process’ organizational experience. Based on the results, implications for managing part‐versus full‐time employees are discussed.
Salary increment allocation and individual differences
Authors: Vecchio Robert P. , Terborg James R. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSixty‐seven MBA students were asked to provide salary increment recommendations for a set of employees. Contrary to past evidence of a preference for an adjustment system, the majority of respondents utilized an absolute merit system for determining salary increases (wherein employees of equal merit were assigned raises of equal dollar magnitude independent of initial base salary). Further analysis suggested the importance of an individual's value system in the decision to employ a particular approach to allocating raises.
The organizational tenure — Job involvement relationship: A job‐career experience explanation
Authors: Wagner John A. , Ferris Gerald R. , Fandt Patricia M. , Wayne Sandy J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractResearch on the job involvement‐organizational tenure relationship has shown no consistent relationship, but recent job and career experience models suggest that a relationship should be found. Using data from three organizations (n = 216), polynomial regression analysis revealed a curvilinear job involvement‐organizational tenure relationship. This finding is discussed with reference to changes in workplace sensemaking that occur as work experience is accumulated.
Mechanical stress and ATP synthesis are coupled by mitochondrial oxidants in articular cartilage
Authors: Wolff Katherine J. , Ramakrishnan Prem S. , Brouillette Marc J. , Journot Brice J. , Mckinley Todd O. , Buckwalter Joseph A. , Martin James A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMetabolic adaptation of articular cartilage under joint loading is evident and matrix synthesis seems to be critically tied to ATP. Chondrocytes utilize the glycolytic pathway for energy requirements but seem to require mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) to sustain ATP synthesis. The role of ROS in regulating ATP reserves under a mechanically active environment is not clear. It is believed that physiological strains cause deformation of the mitochondria, potentially releasing ROS for energy production. We hypothesized that mechanical loading stimulates ATP synthesis via mitochondrial release of ROS. Bovine osteochondral explants were dynamically loaded at 0.5 Hz with amplitude of 0.25 MPa for 1 h. Cartilage response to mechanical loading was assessed by imaging with dihydroethidium (ROS indicator) and a Luciferase‐based ATP assay. Electron transport inhibitor rotenone and mitochondrial ROS scavenger MitoQ significantly suppressed mechanically induced ROS production and ATP synthesis. Our findings indicate that mitochondrial ROS are produced as a result of physiological mechanical strains. Taken together with our previous findings of ROS involvement in blunt impact injuries, mitochondrial ROS are important contributors to cartilage metabolic adaptation and their precise role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis warrants further investigation. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 191–196, 2013
Halophilic hydrolases as a new tool for the biotechnological industries
Authors: Delgado‐García Mariana , Valdivia‐Urdiales Blanca , Aguilar‐González Cristóbal Noe , Contreras‐Esquivel Juan Carlos , Rodríguez‐Herrera Raúl 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHalophilic micro‐organisms are able to survive in high salt concentrations because they have developed diverse biochemical, structural and physiological modifications, allowing the catalytic synthesis of proteins with interesting physicochemical and structural properties. The main characteristic of halophilic enzymes that allows them to be considered as a novel alternative for use in the biotechnological industries is their polyextremophilicity, i.e. they have the capacity to be thermostable, tolerate a wide range of pH, withstand denaturation and tolerate high salt concentrations. However, there have been relatively few studies on halophilic enzymes, with some being based on their isolation and others on their characterisation. These enzymes are scarcely researched because attention has been focused on other extremophile micro‐organisms. Only a few industrial applications of halophilic enzymes, principally in the fermented food, textile, pharmaceutical and leather industries, have been reported. However, it is important to investigate applications of these enzymes in more biotechnological processes at both the chemical and the molecular level. This review discusses the modifications of these enzymes, their industrial applications and research perspectives in different biotechnological areas. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Tocopherol retention and vitamin E activity in frozen and canned immature seeds of five cultivars of common bean
Authors: Słupski Jacek , Lisiewska Zofia 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundThis paper investigates tocopherol retention and vitamin E activity in the seeds of five bean cultivars (flageolet type and grown mostly for their dry seeds) harvested at the wax stage of maturity. Seeds were analyzed raw, cooked and in three products prepared for consumption after 0 and 12 months of storage. These comprised frozen products obtained using the traditional method (blanching–freezing–frozen storage–boiling) and a modified method (boiling–freezing–frozen storage–defrosting and heating in a microwave oven), and canned products.ResultTotal tocopherols in fresh bean seeds were within the range 18.53–25.98 mg kg−1 of edible portion. The most abundant form of tocopherol found in fresh seeds was γ‐T isomer (87–91% of the total), followed by the α‐T (5–7%) and δ‐T (3–5%) forms; the β‐T form was not detected. Cooking resulted in a 13–28% decrease in total tocopherols and a 17–31% reduction in vitamin E activity. In products prepared for consumption after 12 months' storage, total tocopherols and vitamin E activity were 13–53% and 23–60% lower, respectively, than in fresh seeds, with the highest losses being mainly in α‐T content.ConclusionThe variety and cultivar or method of preservation had no effect on either tocopherol retention or vitamin E activity.
Smoothing the path: Reducing biliary complications, addressing small-for-size syndrome, and making other adaptations to decrease the risk for living donor liver transplant recipients
Authors: Soin Arvinder S. 
Published: August 2012

Key Points
1. Over the course of the past 2 decades, living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has become increasingly successful because many of the technical issues plaguing it have been resolved.
2. Although donor safety remains a concern, most challenges related to the recipient's surgery are now better understood, and they appear surmountable.
3. The following concepts need to be addressed for optimal recipient outcomes to be achieved:
a. Reduction of the risk of small-for-size syndrome in LDLT (ie, the management of 4 factors: the recipient status, the portal pressure and inflow, the venous outflow, and the graft-to-recipient weight ratio/graft quality).
b. Reduction of the risk of surgical complications (biliary complications, reconstitution of the middle hepatic vein outflow in the right lobe graft, and safe hepatic artery and portal vein reconstruction).
c. Other adaptations for improving recipient outcomes (adaptations related to LDLT and adaptations common to deceased donor liver transplantation and LDLT). Liver Transpl, 2012. © 2012 AASLD.
Facile Surface Modification and Application of Temperature Responsive Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐dopamine methacrylamide)
Authors: Park Jung Kyu , Kim Ki Su , Yeom Junseok , Jung Ho Sang , Hahn Sei Kwang 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe temperature‐responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) [PNIPAAm] has been exploited for various biomedical applications. In this work, poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐dopamine methacrylamide) [P(NIPAAm‐co‐DMAAm)] was synthesized for facile surface modification and application to cell sheets. 1H NMR, FT‐IR, and GPC confirmed the successful synthesis of P(NIPAAm‐co‐DMAAm). The lower critical solution temperature was measured to be ca. 29.2 °C by UV–Vis spectroscopy. AFM imaging clearly visualized the transient phase transition of the temperature‐responsive polymer bound on silicon substrate by coordination bond formation. Furthermore, the adhesive and temperature responsive P(NIPAAm‐co‐DMAAm) could be successfully applied to the facile preparation of NIH‐3T3 fibroblast cell sheets.
Manipulating the Crystallization of Methanofullerene Thin Films with Polymer Additives
Authors: Zheng Lidong , Liu Jiangang , Sun Yue , Ding Yan , Han Yanchun 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTrace amount (1% to 5%) of polymers [polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT)] are utilized as additives to manipulate the cold crystallization of [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) thin films. Highly crystalline PCBM films made up of well‐connected domains and isolated spherulites with tunable size are produced by adjusting the type, molecular weight, and amount of polymer additives. In the nucleation stage, the polymer additives are demonstrated to have a depressing effect on PCBM nucleation. In the growth stage, we suggest that the PCBM growth rate is determined by PCBM molecular diffusion, which is demonstrated to have close correlations with the molecular mobility and crystallinity of the polymer.
Synthesis of Fluorescent PMMA‐Based Nanoparticles
Authors: Dossi Marco , Ferrari Raffaele , Dragoni Luca , Martignoni Carlotta , Gaetani Paolo , D'Incalci Maurizio , Morbidelli Massimo , Moscatelli Davide 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe synthesis of PMMA‐based nanoparticles (NPs) covalently labeled with a fluorescent dye is investigated for imaging applications such as cell uptake and biodistribution. Batch emulsion polymerization (BEP) and monomer‐starved semi‐batch emulsion polymerization (MSSEP) are adopted using SDS. Fluorescent properties are added to these NPs using Rhodamine‐B (RhB) as a fluorescent dye covalently bonded to 2‐hyroxyethyl‐acrylate. The resulting HEMA‐RhB monomer is copolymerized with MMA via BEP and MSSEP to synthesize fluorescent NPs. Subsequently, SDS is substituted with a biocompatible surfactant, Tween80, through ionic‐exchange resins. ζ‐Potential measurements confirmed the complete surfactant exchange that leads to biocompatible fluorescent NPs with tunable size and narrow size distribution. magnified image
The Impact of Negative Publicity on Celebrity Ad Endorsements
Authors: Thwaites Des , Lowe Ben , Monkhouse Lien L. , Barnes Bradley R. 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTThe article reports on an experiment to test the impact of negative publicity on celebrity ad endorsements. The extent to which negativity influences attitudes toward a celebrity, and to what degree this influences consumers of high–low involvement and image‐related products is examined. Three hypothetical incidents relating to an extramarital affair, a drink‐driving incident, and criticism of the professional integrity for three different celebrities (a television sitcom and film star, a television and radio presenter, and a current affairs television presenter) were developed and investigated using a sample of “Generation Y” consumers. Three different sources of negative information were used, based on rumor, media footage, and celebrity publicly tells all. The findings suggest that the statements had a negative effect on the overall attitudes toward the celebrities but showed variations for different product categories. Interestingly, there were no significant differences based on the source of negative information. Several implications are discussed and directions for future research suggested.
Intronic promoters and their noncoding transcripts: A new source of cancer‐associated genes
Authors: Relle Manfred , Becker Marc , Meyer Ralf G. , Stassen Michael , Schwarting Andreas 
Published: August 2012

AbstractRecent studies of mammalian genomes suggest that alternative promoters are associated with various disorders, including cancer. Here we present an intronic promoter of the murine proteinase 3 gene, which drives the expression of an alternative mRNA in intron 2 of the prtn3 gene. The proximal promoter sequences were identified and a series of promoter deletion constructs were used to identify the sequence elements that are required for basal promoter activity. Expression of the homeobox transcription factor CUX1 p75 isoform was found to suppress the activity of the alternative PR3 promoter. Data base analyses, multiple alignments and expression data showed that the intronic PR3 promoter is active in leukemia and other tumor cells as well as in mouse embryo, male mammary gland and bone marrow. In the spleen, the transcript is exclusively expressed by Gr‐1int/CD11b+ cells, which are also known as myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). In humans, an alternative transcript of the PR3‐gene could be detected in the bone marrow and in various cancer cell lines but not in primary leukemia cells, suggesting a species‐overarching function of this kind of promoter. Therefore, the alternative PR3 promoter and its mRNA may be useful tools to investigate the fate of hematopoietic stem cells. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Error estimation for crack simulations using the XFEM
Authors: Prange C. , Loehnert S. , Wriggers P. 
Published: August 2012

SUMMARYThe extended finite element method (XFEM) is by now well‐established for crack calculations in linear elastic fracture mechanics. An advantage of this method is its discretization independence for crack simulations. Nevertheless, discretization errors occur when using the XFEM. In this paper, a simple recovery based error estimator for the discretization error in XFEM‐calculations for cracks is presented. The method is based on the Zienkiewicz and Zhu error estimator. Enhanced smoothed stresses incorporating the discontinuities and singularities because of the cracks are recovered to enable the error estimation for arbitrary distributed cracks. This approach also allows the consideration of materials with generally inelastic behaviour. The enhanced stresses are computed by means of a least square fit problem. To assess the quality of the error estimator, global norms and the effectivity index for the global energy norm for examples with known analytical solutions are presented. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analytically enhancing customer retention at Prudential
Authors: Kuntz John M. , Hinshaw Elizabeth E. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIncreased competition, and changing customer needs, are challenging the life insurance industry. As sales growth of traditional life insurance declines, customer retention and cost containment become more important. This article presents Prudential's integrated approach to analyzing and improving customer retention. Market research, database analysis, and customer‐level financial analysis are used to understand the drivers of customer attrition, identify the customers who are most likely to leave, and determine the value lost to efficiently allocate and focus retention‐marketing efforts.
An emphasis on business, technology, and people cuts turnaround time at HP'S lake stevens division
Authors: Harris Bill 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe Printed Circuit Layout department at the Lake Stevens Division of the Hewlett‐Packard Company initiated a project to reduce the turnaround time for creating a printed circuit assembly prototype 83 percent in 19 months. This project focused on the business, technical, and people aspects of the required changes. Through a variety of approaches, the division created a process that can deliver a loaded prototype to the engineer within a week of the last engineering design decision made on that board.
Establishing a formal mentoring program for organizational success
Authors: Benabou Charles , Benabou Raphaël 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe ruthlessly competitive business environment and profound modifications in the nature of work in organizations continue to spur the search for ever more efficient and effective management of human resources. A formal and structured relationship between a mentor and a protégé represents an alternative approach, or an original addition, to traditional training and career management. This article clarifies the concept of mentoring, describes its relevance in the current organizational environment, explains how to manage this learning process, and suggests a set of criteria for evaluating a formally defined mentoring relationship.
Shying away from risk management is risky business
Authors: Rieley James B. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAlthough organizations routinely plan goals, strategies, techniques for identifying and meeting customer needs, ways to implement technology, and avenues of growth, many of them overlook risk — the factors, situations, or elements that potentially endanger their operations. This article shows that by exploring the dynamic relationship between the various forms and levels of risk and implementing an integrated system of risk management, an organization can greatly enhance its chances for achieving viability and success over time.
The people‐machine connection at Texas instruments
Authors: De Weese James A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe pressure is on U.S. industry to make more products better, cheaper, and faster, and the search is on for new ways to accelerate continuous improvement. As a result, many companies are taking a closer look at a continuous improvement process first introduced from Japan in the 1980s called total productive maintenance (TPM). The TPM process is about maintaining total productivity through a comprehensive top‐down and bottom‐up plantwide implementation. In a number of manufacturing sites around the world, teams throughout Texas Instruments, Inc., have used TPM to improve the safety, quality, productivity, and profitability of their manufacturing operations. Lessons learned while manufacturing products and maintaining machines have also been applied to the development of new products, processes, and equipment. The knowledge gained in the TPM process is built right into the new equipment to achieve maximum effectiveness at minimum life‐cycle cost.
The dynamics of introducing performance metrics into an organization
Authors: Thomson Trish 
Published: August 2012

AbstractImplementation of performance measurement systems is traditionally viewed as a way for public‐ and private‐sector organizations to improve accountability, boost efficiency, and create organizational focus. These systems are also useful in managing organizational change, as they provide a framework for setting goals, driving alignment of people and processes, and chronicling progress in achieving objectives.This article describes a case study of a state government agency that used performance measurement to improve service and customer relations, then explores how the use of certain change management principles can enhance and accelerate the introduction of performance measurement into any organization.
Experience is the best teacher: Avoiding the pitfalls of “Methodolotry”
Authors: Smith Gerald F. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDesigned to help businesses achieve their goals, problem‐solving methods have become our masters, driving out the thinking that is the essence of effective problem solving. Although the various problem‐solving methods have their virtues, they also have their limitations, and an overreliance on these techniques can cause dysfunction. Case‐based quality problem solving, a means of extracting useful lessons from past problem‐solving experiences, offers an alternative to the current “methodolotry.” This article illustrates how experience—one's own and others'—can be used to solve quality problems.
A template for accelerating the development of self managed work terms
Authors: Carroll Bob 
Published: August 2012

AbstractEven though the benefits that can result from self‐managed work teams have been well‐documented, little has been written to outline the steps needed to successfully implement such teams and keep them on track. This article presents a template for establishing a fully self‐managed work team. Although it was created in a manufacturing environment, it can easily be applied to any setting in which the goal is to encourage a group of individuals to work together for a common good.
Out with motivation, in with engagement
Authors: Marcum James W. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIf their goal is to improve performance, organizational leaders who ask, “What can we do to better motivate our workers?” may be posing the wrong question. Experience and research show that motivation, which relies on manipulation and control, is a flawed concept that does not result in organizational or individual achievement. Engagement, on the other hand, is constructed on self‐determination, interest, enjoyment, participation, and challenge. Stressing learning and involvement, it is a more valuable key to eliciting effective and productive work from today's knowledge workers.
In the Public Eye: Sustainability and the UK's Leading Retailers
Authors: Jones Peter , Hillier David , Comfort Daphne 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis paper aims to provide an exploratory case study of the sustainability agendas being publicly reported by the UK's leading retailers and to offer some wider reflections on the ways these retailers are currently addressing and pursuing sustainability agendas. The paper begins with a short discussion of the characteristics of sustainability. The paper draws its empirical material from the most recent information on sustainability posted on the UK's top 10 retailers' corporate web sites. The findings reveal that all the UK's top 10 retailers provide information on a wide range of environmental, social and economic sustainability agendas and that the majority of them essentially argue that by integrating sustainability into their businesses, they are better placed to provide long term growth. More critically, the authors argue that the UK's leading retailers are, at best, adopting a ‘weak’ model of sustainability and that in pursuing continuing growth, they are ignoring the basic fact that present patterns of consumption are unsustainable in the long term. The paper provides an accessible review of, and some reflections on, the sustainability agendas being pursued by the UK's leading retailers and as such it will interest academics and those working in management positions within the retail and the retail supply industries. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.