bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implications of climate change on streamflow of a snow-fed river system of the Northwest Himalaya
Authors: Sharma Vaibhav , Mishra Varunendra Dutta , Joshi Pawan Kumar 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Air temperature and snow cover variability are sensitive indicators of climate change. This study was undertaken to forecast and quantify the potential streamflow response to climate change in the Jhelum River basin. The implications of air temperature trends (+0.11°C/decade) reported for the entire north-west Himalaya for past century and the regional warming (+0.7°C/decade) trends of three observatories analyzed between last two decades were used for future projection of snow cover depletion and stream flow. The streamflow was simulated and validated for the year 2007–2008 using snowmelt runoff model (SRM) based on in-situ temperature and precipitation with remotely sensed snow cover area. The simulation was repeated using higher values of temperature and modified snow cover depletion curves according to the assumed future climate. Early snow cover depletion was observed in the basin in response to warmer climate. The results show that with the increase in air temperature, streamflow pattern of Jhelum will be severely affected. Significant redistribution of streamflow was observed in both the scenarios. Higher discharge was observed during spring-summer months due to early snowmelt contribution with water deficit during monsoon months. Discharge increased by 5%–40% during the months of March to May in 2030 and 2050. The magnitude of impact of air temperature is higher in the scenario-2 based on regional warming. The inferences pertaining to change in future streamflow pattern can facilitate long term decisions and planning concerning hydro-power potential, water resource management and flood hazard mapping in the region.
BSN in 10: What Is Your Opinion?
Authors: Haverkamp Jacqueline J. , Ball Kay 
Published: July 2013

AbstractThe purpose of this project was to elicit the opinions of members of AORN of Central Ohio regarding Ohio's BSN‐in‐10 initiative. Using a focus group, we sought to answer the following question: is there a need to legislate that newly licensed RNs in Ohio obtain a bachelor's degree in nursing (BSN) within 10 years? Participants valued higher education but were not informed about the need for more BSN‐prepared nurses. They also were not aware of the professional and financial effects of obtaining a baccalaureate degree, the available resources to assist them in obtaining one, or collaborative nursing association partnerships that advocate for BSN‐in‐10 legislation. The results suggest that health care policy advocates need to find alternative means to communicate essential information to RNs.
Occupational Experiences of and Psychological Adjustment by Family Members of Cancer Patients
Authors: Minami Seigo , Kobayashi Ryuji , Kyougoku Makoto , Matuda Isamu 
Published: July 2013

Objective/Background This qualitative analysis aimed to provide valuable insight into the occupational experiences of and psychological adjustments by family members who act as palliative caregivers. In addition, we also aimed to investigate and clarify these complex experiences and formulate results that are both meaningful and important to the families themselves. Methods Families who had lost a family member (n = 9) and were part of a palliative treatment support programme were identified through introductions from healthcare workers. They were individually interviewed using both casual questioning and semistructured questionnaires. The data were analysed using the grounded theory approach. Results The following six core categories were identified using grounded theory analysis: (a) being overwhelmed by pressure, (b) occupation while living with the illness, (c) living without being overwhelmed by anxiety, (d) having difficulties in regulating emotions, (e) comforting memories of the occupational experiences, and (f) leading to a change in emotions. Conclusion Occupational experiences can play a significant role in the psychological adjustment of families of terminally ill cancer patients.
APOE interacts with age to modify rate of decline in cognitive and brain changes in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Chang Yu‐Ling , Fennema‐Notestine Christine , Holland Dominic , McEvoy Linda K. , Stricker Nikki H. , Salmon David P. , Dale Anders M. , Bondi Mark W. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: July 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo determine (1) whether age‐standardized cognitive declines and brain morphometric change differ between Young‐Old patients with Alzheimer's disease (YOAD) and Very‐Old patients with Alzheimer's disease (VOAD), and (2) whether the apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype modifies these neuropsychological and morphometric changes.MethodsBaseline and 12‐month follow‐up neuropsychological and morphometric measures were examined for healthy control subjects and patients with AD. The two AD groups were divided further into subgroups on the basis of the presence of at least one APOE ε4 allele.ResultsThe YOAD group showed more severe deficits and steeper declines in cognition than the VOAD group. Moreover, the presence of an APOE ε4 allele had a more deleterious effect on the YOAD group than the VOAD group on cognition and brain structure both cross‐sectionally and longitudinally.ConclusionsResults underscore the importance of integrating an individual's age and genetic susceptibility—and their interaction—when examining neuropsychological and neuroimaging changes in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.
The flip side of vanity sizing: How consumers respond to and compensate for larger than expected clothing sizes
Authors: Hoegg JoAndrea , Scott Maura L. , Morales Andrea C. , Dahl Darren W. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractVanity sizing has become a popular retail trend and recent work shows it has a favorable impact on consumers. However, as the current research demonstrates, significant variations in sizing standards across retailers mean that consumers are as likely to encounter larger sizes as they are smaller, “vanity” sizes when shopping, highlighting the importance of understanding how consumers react to this potential threat in the marketplace. Across five studies we demonstrate that larger sizes result in negative evaluations of clothing and show that these effects are driven by consumers' appearance self‐esteem. Importantly, we also find that instead of unilaterally lowering purchase intent as one might assume, larger sizes can actually increase spending, as consumers engage in compensatory consumption to help repair their damaged self‐esteem. In so doing, this research reveals a dynamic and complex relationship between consumers and sizing labels, where shopping can serve to build, strengthen, threaten, and/or repair appearance self‐esteem.
Enhancing hospital supply chain performance: A relational view and empirical test
Authors: Chen Daniel Q. , Preston David S. , Xia Weidong 
Published: July 2013

AbstractImproving hospital supply chain performance has become increasingly important as healthcare organizations strive to improve operational efficiency and to reduce cost. In this study, we propose a research model based on a relational view, delineating the factors that influence hospital supply chain performance: trust, knowledge exchange, IT integration between the hospital and its suppliers, and hospital–supplier integration. Testing results of the research model based on data from a sample of 117 supply chain executives from U.S. hospitals show positive direct effects: (1) from trust and from IT integration to knowledge exchange respectively; (2) from knowledge exchange and from IT integration to hospital–supplier integration respectively; and (3) from hospital–supplier integration to hospital supply chain performance. The results also show the following indirect effects: (1) the influences of knowledge exchange and IT integration on hospital supply chain performance are partially and fully mediated by hospital–supplier integration, respectively and (2) the influences of trust and IT integration on hospital–supplier integration are fully and partially mediated by knowledge exchange, respectively. In addition, the results show the following moderating effects: (1) hospital system membership moderates the relationships between IT integration and knowledge exchange and between trust and knowledge exchange; (2) hospital environmental uncertainty moderates the relationship between trust and knowledge exchange; and (3) trust moderates the relationship between knowledge exchange and hospital–supplier integration. Implications of the study findings and directions for future research are discussed.
The effects of IT‐enabled supply chain process change on job and process outcomes: A longitudinal investigation
Authors: Bala Hillol 
Published: July 2013

AbstractPrior research on information technology (IT)‐enabled supply chain management (SCM) has primarily focused on macro‐level issues (e.g., IT capabilities related to SCM, and SCM design and optimization) and outcomes (e.g., firm performance). There has been limited research that focuses on micro‐level outcomes related to employees who actually execute SCM processes in organizations. These employee‐level outcomes are important because successful implementation of SCM systems and processes hinges on SCM employees’ support and commitment. I develop and test a model positing that SCM employees’ perceptions of changes in their work process characteristics, i.e., process complexity and process rigidity, following a new SCM system implementation will influence their job outcomes, i.e., job performance, job satisfaction, job anxiety, and job security, and their perceptions of process outcomes, i.e., process performance and relationship quality. The model incorporates a holistic appraisal of the extent of change—change radicalness—as a mechanism between work process characteristics and outcomes. The model is supported in three studies conducted in the context of three different SCM system implementations (N = 278, 282, and 304, respectively). In particular, I found that individuals perceived a significant change in their work process characteristics following an SCM system implementation, and changes in work process characteristics had a significant impact on job and process outcomes. These findings contribute to the information systems and operations management literatures and their intersections by offering insights on challenges related to IT‐enabled SCM innovation implementation in organizations.
“The Disorderly Conduct of a Few”: Crime and Hamilton’s Racial Geography in the Early 1850s
1
Authors: Campbell Lyndsay 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Drawing on a series of criminal cases that took place in Hamilton in late 1852, this paper explores the operation of race in law during the period against the backdrop of Hamilton’s geography. The paper sheds light on the living conditions of a segment of the population that has left scarcely a trace in the historical records. As well, a close examination of Hamilton’s census records and physical space reveals that those found guilty in these trials were linked to a particular racially and ethnically charged, vice-prone space rather than the more respectable central part of the city. The author argues that the construction of Prince’s Island, which lay in the marshes just west of Hamilton, as a “den of vice” probably conditioned the findings of guilt and innocence in one of the trials while promoting the impression that justice was “colour-blind.”
Large carnivores and low diversity of optimal prey: a comparison of the diets of snow leopards Panthera uncia and wolves Canis lupus in Sarychat-Ertash Reserve in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Jumabay-Uulu Kubanychbek , Wegge Per , Mishra Charudutt , Sharma Koustubh 
Published: July 2013

AbstractIn the cold and arid mountains of Central Asia, where the diversity and abundance of wild ungulates are generally low, resource partitioning among coexisting carnivores is probably less distinct than in prey-rich areas. Thus, similar-sized carnivores are likely to compete for food. We compared the summer diets of snow leopards Panthera uncia and wolves Canis lupus in Sarychat-Ertash Reserve in the Tien-Shan mountains of Kyrgyzstan, based on analysis of genetically confirmed scats. Abundances of the principal prey species, argali Ovis ammon and Siberian ibex Capra sibirica, were estimated from field surveys. The diets consisted of few species, with high interspecific overlap (Pianka's index = 0.91). Argali was the predominant prey, with > 50% frequency of occurrence in both snow leopard and wolf scats. This was followed by Siberian ibex and marmots Marmota baibacina. Being largely unavailable, remains of livestock were not detected in any of the scats. In the snow leopard diet, proportions of argali and ibex were in line with the relative availabilities of these animals in the Reserve. This was in contrast to the diet of wolf, where argali occurred according to availability and ibex was significantly underrepresented. The high diet overlap indicates that the two predators might compete for food when the diversity of profitable, large prey is low. Competition may be more intense in winter, when marmots are not available. Hunting of argali and ibex outside the Reserve may be unsustainable and therefore reduce their abundances over time. This will affect both predators negatively and intensify competition for food. Reduction in ibex populations will directly affect the snow leopard, and the wolf is likely to be indirectly affected as a result of increased snow leopard predation of argali.
Xepac protein and IP3/Ca2+pathway implication duringXenopus laevisvitellogenesis
Authors: Serrano María de los Angeles , Luque Melchor Emilio , Sánchez Sara Serafina 
Published: July 2013

SummaryThe objective of this study was to elucidate the signalling pathways initiated by cAMP once inside theXenopus laevisoocyte, where it triggers and maintains vitellogenin endocytic uptake. Our results showed the presence ofXepactranscripts at all stages of oogenesis and we demonstrated that a cAMP analogue that exclusively activates Xepac, 8-CPT, was able to rescue the endocytic activity in oocytes with uncoupled gap junctions. Inhibition experiments for the IP3/Ca2+signalling pathway showed either a complete inhibition or a significant reduction of the vitellogenic process. These results were confirmed with the rescue capability of the A-23187 ionophore in those oocyte batches in which the IP3/Ca2+pathway was inhibited. Taking our findings into account, we propose that the cAMP molecule binds Xepac protein enabling it to activate the IP3/Ca2+pathway, which is necessary to start and maintainX. laevisvitellogenin uptake.
Ethical Challenges in Emergency Medical Services: Controversies and Recommendations
Authors: Becker Torben K. , Gausche-Hill Marianne , Aswegan Andrew L. , Baker Eileen F. , Bookman Kelly J. , Bradley Richard N. , De Lorenzo Robert A. , Schoenwetter David J. 
Published: July 2013

AbstractEmergency Medical Services (EMS) providers face many ethical issues while providing prehospital care to children and adults. Although provider judgment plays a large role in the resolution of conflicts at the scene, it is important to establish protocols and policies, when possible, to address these high-risk and complex situations. This article describes some of the common situations with ethical underpinnings encountered by EMS personnel and managers including denying or delaying transport of patients with non-emergency conditions, use of lights and sirens for patient transport, determination of medical futility in the field, termination of resuscitation, restriction of EMS provider duty hours to prevent fatigue, substance abuse by EMS providers, disaster triage and difficulty in switching from individual care to mass-casualty care, and the challenges of child maltreatment recognition and reporting. A series of ethical questions are proposed, followed by a review of the literature and, when possible, recommendations for management.BeckerTK, Gausche-HillM, AsweganAL, BakerEF, BookmanKJ, BradleyRN, De LorenzoRA, SchoenwetterDJ for the American College of Emergency Physicians’ EMS Committee. Ethical challenges in Emergency Medical Services: controversies and recommendations. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(5):1-10.
The Equality and Inequality of Fractions
Authors: M‘Intosh D. C. 
Published: July 2013

In a recent issue ofThe Mathematical Gazette (May 1910), Mr C. S. Jackson points out that certain algebraic theorems appear more difficult to some beginners than would have been anticipated, and he instances as a case in point the proof of the proposition that if , each ratio is equal to . He almost apologises (I think quite unnecessarily) for making the suggestion that some concrete illustrations of the proposition may render its simplicity more manifest, and thus prepare the way for an enunciation of the result in its most general form. The illustration Mr Jackson takes of the above proposition is:“A regiment of 1000 men contains 130 Yorkshiremen; another of 1200 men contains 156.
A Puzzle of Dr Whewell's.—
Authors: Mackay J. S. 
Published: July 2013

Is the following trifle worthy of a place in your Mathematical Notes ? I came on the puzzle in a volume of the letters of Dr W. Whewell, the well-known Master of Trinity College, Cambridge. At the end of a letter to Professor A. De Morgan, dated 18th January 1859, he says:“I can express every whole number from 1 to 15 (I think) by means of four nines. Thus Is it worth while working this out further ?”A note to the letter states that:“Two more examples from a fragment in Dr Whewell's handwriting will illustrate the meaning of this:Here are my solutions of the puzzle for the numbers 0 to 40, excepting 38. Some ingenious young mathematician may be instigated to complement my solutions, and to carry the matter still further.
Notes on Algebraic Inequalities.—
Authors: Muirhead R. F. 
Published: July 2013

It is worthy of remark that there is a method of proving algebraic inequalities which is very generally applicable, and which furnishes proofs of great directness and completeness.The method consists in expressing the difference A – B in a manifestly positive form, when we have to prove A > B.The first inequality occurring in school Algebra is usually proved in this way. We have to show that if a, b, and x are positive quantities is nearer to 1 than . We haveThe two cases a > b and b > a are then considered separately, and the conclusion drawn.
Elementary Method of investigating the Centroid of a Uniform Circular Arc
Authors: Sommerville D. M. Y. 
Published: July 2013

Let AB and BC be two circular arcs subtending angles 2α and 2β at the common centre 0. From symmetry the centroids G1, G2 and G of AB, BC and AC lie on the bisectors OP, OQ andOR of the angles which they subtend at the centre. Also, G is the centroid of two particles placed at G1 and G2, and with masses proportional to the arcs AB and BC. Hence G1, G, and G2 are collinear, andEquating (1) and (2) we haveHence the ratio is independent of α, and thereforethe angle α. being in circular measure.
A Problem in Confocals
Authors: Bell Robert J. T. 
Published: July 2013

In the standard text books on Analytical Geometry the following problem occurs in the exercises on confocals:The product of the four normals from a point P to the ellipseX2/a2 + Y2/b2 = 1 is equal to where λ1 and λ2 are the parameters of the confocals through P.
On the centre of spherical curvature of a curve
Authors: Weatherburn C. E. 
Published: July 2013

The position of the centre S of spherical curvature at a point P of a given curve C may be found in the following manner, regarding S as the limiting position of the centre of a sphere through four adjacent points P, P1, P2, P3 on the curve, as these points tend to coincidence at P. The centre of a sphere through P and P1 lies on the plane which is the perpendicular bisector of the chord PP1 and so on. Thus the centre of spherical curvature is the limiting position of the intersection of three normal planes at adjacent points. Let s be the arc-length of the curve C, r the position vector of the point P, and t, n, b unit vectors in the directions of the tangent, principal normal and binormal at P. Then if s is the position vector of the current point on the normal plane at P, the equation of this plane isSince r and t are functions of s, the limiting position of the line of intersection of the normal planes at P and an adjacent point (i.e. the polar line) is determined by (1) and the equation obtained by differentiating this with respect to s, viz.
The Best of All Possible Marriages: Voltaire and Frederick in
Paméla
Authors: Fowler James 
Published: July 2013

Abstract

A recent edition of Voltaire's
Paméla
(1750–53) by Jonathan Mallinson emphasizes that it exists ‘on the border of truth and fiction, of openness and concealment’. In the first letter of
Paméla
, Voltaire describes a landscape of exceptional natural beauty, near Cleves; but he also reveals that in this case nature has been arranged according to human design. The only visible evidence of this is a statue of Minerva. Yet it turns out that, in a sense, ‘all is art’ here, for a former count of Nassau-Siegen had ordered the entire scene to be landscaped. Set within
Paméla
, this passage functions as a
mise en abyme
, for Voltaire's text too cultivates an artful appearance of naturalness. This article shows how the
philosophe
initially presents his text as a spontaneous ‘fatras de prose et de vers’, but cannot resist hinting at the art that subtends the whole.
Household Balance Sheets, Consumption, and the Economic Slump*
Authors: Mian Atif , Rao Kamalesh , Sufi Amir 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
We investigate the consumption consequences of the 2006–9 housing collapse using the highly unequal geographic distribution of wealth losses across the United States. We estimate a large elasticity of consumption with respect to housing net worth of 0.6 to 0.8, which soundly rejects the hypothesis of full consumption risk-sharing. The average marginal propensity to consume (MPC) out of housing wealth is 5–7 cents with substantial heterogeneity across ZIP codes. ZIP codes with poorer and more levered households have a significantly higher MPC out of housing wealth. In line with the MPC result, ZIP codes experiencing larger wealth losses, particularly those with poorer and more levered households, experience a larger reduction in credit limits, refinancing likelihood, and credit scores. Our findings highlight the role of debt and the geographic distribution of wealth shocks in explaining the large and unequal decline in consumption from 2006 to 2009.