bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ganga Basin Sediment (GBS): A Potential Geological Reference Material for Tropical Rivers
Authors: Khan Faizan Ahmad , G.P. Gurumurthy , Muguli Tripti , Alam Mahboob , Sharma Anupam 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
The Himalayan river system (HRS) constitutes a major conduit for continental material transport to the adjacent oceans. The unresolved geological complexity and active tectonics of the Himalaya bring heterogeneity in sediment geochemistry. There is no known certified reference material (CRM) that represents the geochemical heterogeneity of HRS and large tropical rivers (LTR) though they rank first in terms of sediment transport and water discharge. As an ongoing exercise to develop reference material to calibrate the instruments and to validate the geochemical results, a river bedload sediment sample from the Ganga river basin (GBS) which is representative of both HRS and LTR was collected in sufficient quantity and characterized for its geochemical composition using inductively coupled plasma instrumentation techniques (ICP-OES and ICP-MS). The GBS has been analyzed for major, trace, and rare earth elements (REEs) to infer the homogeneity and suitability of geological material for reference material characterization through the test of reproducibility and representativeness. The precision of measurement (% RSD) within and across the four analytical sessions is less than &lt; 7 % for most of the elements measured. The method is validated with respect to precision, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), and measurement uncertainties by analyzing CRMs. The concentration values of GBS are reproducible. The GBS composition also showed a good correlation with published datasets from the HRS and LTR. Thus, the GBS sample is developed as a potential matrix matching geological standard for geochemical studies of the Himalayan river sediments as well as other large tropical river systems.
Protecting Conifers from Bark Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) with Insecticides in the Western United States1
Authors: Fettig Christopher J. , Grosman Donald M. , Munson A. Steven , Moan Jason E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) cause extensive tree mortality in conifer forests in the western United States. One method to protect conifers from bark beetles involves applications of liquid formulations of insecticides to the tree bole using high-pressure (e.g., ≥2,241 kPa) ground-based sprayers. Several active ingredients and products are effective when properly applied in accordance with the label. Researchers recently have developed more portable methods that inject small quantities of systemic insecticides directly into trees. The purpose of this review is to synthesize information on the efficacy, residual activity, and environmental safety of insecticides commonly used to protect conifers from bark beetles in the western United States so that informed, judicious decisions can be made about the use of these insecticides. This review serves as an update to “Advances in insecticide tools and tactics for protecting conifers from bark beetle attack in the western United States” (Fettig et al. 2013a) and focuses, where applicable, on relevant literature published since 2012.
Transport accessibility changes in metropolitan regions: high-speed rail connection frequency estimation
Authors: Vrána Martin , Hlisnikovský Petr , Pařil Vilém , Surmařová Simona , Ilík Jan 
Published: August 2024

This article focuses on a very narrowly specific segment of this issue, considering the impacts of HSR in the long term, not as transport arteries connecting the most important metropolitan areas but, on the contrary, as an internal factor of development within a metropolitan region. The paper aims to transfer the present operational European HSR commuting connection frequency experience to a generally applicable frequency estimation formula. Through a quantitative approach, the research analyses the total sample of 1,446 train connections from 10 European metropolitan regions. It answers the secondary research question of what the range of accessibility change between the metropolitan core and the intermediate city is after introducing HSR connection inside metropolitan regions in the time of 1 hour of journey. The estimation model formula calculates the optimal number of HSR connections between the metropolitan core and intermediate city in the HSR developing countries. It is derived and verified from the analysed dataset values. The potential operational change scenarios are presented and described based on the example of 34 metropolitan city pairs.
Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Peran Pemuda Dalam Melestarikan Kesenian Jathilan
Authors: Dhiya'ulhaq Adham Faishal 
Published: August 2024

Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalis peran pemuda dalam pelestarian budaya khususnya kesenian jathilan di Sanggar Jathilan Ngaran I Borobudur, dalam mengembangkan pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara untuk memperoleh data yang diinginkan. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dn menarik kesimpulan. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan metode triangulasi data. Peran pemuda dalam melestarikan kesenian jathilan dengan melakukan inovasi pada tarian dan pelatihan kepada anak. Pelestarian kesenian jathilan dapat menanamkan pendidikan karakter kepada pemuda dengan gerakan tarian yang meng implementasikan nilai-nilai karakter. 1) Nilai religius didapat melaui gerakan pembuka 2) nilai tanggung jawab bisa diambil saat gerakan pemimpin pasukan memberikan arahan serangan kepada musuh 3)nilai kerjasama ditunjukan pada saat tarian perang 4) nilai nasionalisme ditunjukan melalui peperangan 5) nilai toleransi ditunjukan saat penari ada yang trance atau kerasukan.
YANG MENANGIS DI BALIK PELAMINAN KARYA ALDA MUHSI : PANDANGAN DAN NILAI PERNIKAHAN ADAT DALAM CERPEN
Authors: Ambarwati Estiani 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK
Pernikahan merupakan salah satu bagian dari daur hidup manusia yang memegang peranan penting dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia. Pernikahan dapat dilihat sebagai sesuatu yang penting karena di dalamnya terdapat nilai-nilai. Pernikahan dapat dilihat sebagai suatu institusi sosial, maka pernikahan mengatur hubungan antar individu dalam menentukan peran dan tanggung-jawab masing-masing. Dalam banyak karya sastra Indonesia dapat ditemukan gambaran pernikahan. Penelitian ini mengambil cerpen Yang Menangis di Balik Pelaminan karya Alda Muhsi untuk diteliti pandangan tokoh dan nilai pernikahan adat yang terkandung di dalam cerpen. Cerpen dianalisis dengan sosiologi sastra untuk melihat fenomena pernikahan adat dan nilainya. Penelitian ini menemukan adanya perbedaan pandangan tokoh-tokoh mengenai pernikahan adat. terdapat pandangan tokoh yang menyatakan pentingnya pernikahan adat dan terdapat pandangan pula pandangan yang menganggap bahwa pernikahan secara adat tidak perlu lagi dilaksanakan. Hal tersebut didasari bahwa zaman telah berubah. Hasil pembahasan selanjutnya adalah mengenai nilai pernikahan adat di dalam cerpen. Terdapat tiga nilai di dalam pernikahan adat, yaitu, nilai dari segi kebutuhan manusia, nilai dari segi kemampuan manusia untuk menangkap dan mengembangkannya, nilai dilihat dari proses budaya.

Kata kunci: nilai, pernikahan, cerpen, sosiologi, sastra
Inhibition of melanosis in white shrimp Penaeus vannamei using beetroot extract during iced and room temperature storage
Authors: S. J. LALY  , A. Jeyakumari  , Abhay Kumar  , L. N. Murthy  , George Ninan  
Published: August 2024

Effect of beetroot extract in inhibition of melanosis formation and quality of white shrimp Penaeus vannamei was evaluated in iced and room temperature storage. Shrimps were treated with beetroot extract (BT) at 1 and 4% and compared with control and commercial anti-melanosis agent, 1.25% sodium metabisulfite (SMS) and stored in ice. The effect of BT4% treatment at room temperature was also evaluated. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the melanosis score of SMS and BT4% till 7th day of iced storage while BT1% was not effective in retarding the melanosis from 5th day of storage. In room temperature storage, melanosis formation was similar both in the case of SMS and BT4% till 6th hour of storage. Total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN) value and aerobic plate count (APC) of BT treated samples were significantly lower than control and SMS (p<0.05) in both storage conditions and lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values indicated the antioxidant activity of beetroot extract. BT4% treatment inhibited growth of H2S producing organisms (1.3-2.1 log cycles) and Pseudomonas spp. (0.3-1 log cycles) compared to control and SMS. BT4% treatment resulted in a storage life of 9 days in iced condition and eight hours at room temperature. Beetroot extract treatment at 4% level was found as effective as sodium metabisulfite in preventing melanosis till 7th day of iced storage and 6th hour of room temperature storage.
Keywords: Beetroot extract, Melanosis, Shrimp, Sodium metabisulfite, Storage
Enabling Dynamic 3D Coherent Diffraction Imaging via Adaptive Latent Space Tuning of Generative Autoencoders
Authors: Scheinker Alexander , Pokharel Reeju 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) is an advanced non-destructive 3D X-ray imaging technique for measuring a sample's electron density. The main challenge of CDI is a lack of phase information in the intensity-based diffraction measurements, resulting in lengthy iterative CDI reconstruction processes that can return non-unique solutions. Furthermore, the CDI measurement technique is slow, requiring up to one hour for a single high resolution sample state measurement. The non-uniqueness of CDI reconstructions and the lengthy measurement process pose challenges for experiments that attempt to track the dynamic evolution of a sample through multiple states. We have developed an adaptive generative autoencoder approach for uniquely tracking a sample's electron density as it dynamically evolves. Our approach involves applying advanced adaptive control theoretic techniques directly within a low-dimensional latent embedding of a generative auotencoder, enabling a computationally efficient manner to account for time-varying shifting distributions in real-time. We analytically prove the convergence properties of our approach to the unique optimal solution for CDI over a wide class of functions. We also numerically demonstrate the method's ability to track sample evolution uniquely and to handle fast sample measurements with low signal to noise ratios with simulation-based synthetic data studies.
AI-Enabled Pipeline for Virus Detection, Validation, and SNP Discovery from Next- Generation Sequencing Data
Authors: Ghorbani Abozar , Rostami Mahsa , Guzzi Pietro Hiram 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The rapid and accurate detection of viruses and the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are crucial for disease management and understanding viral evolution. In this study, a pipeline for virus detection, validation, and SNP discovery from next-generation sequencing (NGS) data is presented. By integrating state-of-the-art bioinformatics tools with artificial intelligence, the pipeline processes raw sequencing data to identify viral sequences with high accuracy and sensitivity. Before aligning the reads to the reference genomes, quality control measures, and adapter trimming are performed to ensure the integrity of the data. Unmapped reads are subjected to de novo assembly to reveal novel viral sequences and genetic elements. The effectiveness of the pipeline is demonstrated by the identification of virus sequences, illustrating its potential for the detection of known and emerging pathogens. SNP discovery is performed using a custom Python script that compares the entire population of sequenced viral reads to a reference genome. This approach provides a comprehensive overview of viral genetic diversity and identifies dominant variants and a spectrum of genetic variations. The robustness of the pipeline is confirmed by the recovery of complete viral sequences, which improves our understanding of viral genomics. This method research paper aims to develop an auto-bioinformatic pipeline for the discovery of novel viral sequences, invitro validation, and SNPs using Python (AI) language for understanding viral evolution. This study highlights the synergy between traditional bioinformatics techniques and modern approaches, providing a robust tool for analyzing viral genomes and contributing to the broader field of viral genomics.
Pan-cancer analysis of DEFB1 as a candidate prognostic biomarker and associated with immune infiltration
Authors: Wang Li , Yang Hongyu , Cao Lu , Yang Yang , Ding Ran 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Despite many cell or animal experiments that support the close association of DEFB1 with cancer, no comprehensive pan-cancer analysis has been reported. The present research initially investigated its role in many cancers using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. To analyze DEFB1 in cancers, we utilized The Human Protein Atlas (HPA), TCGA, Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Tumor Immune Estimation Resource 2.0 (TIMER2.0), University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer data analysis Portal (UALCAN), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2), and cBioPortal databases. The visualization of data was primarily accomplished through the use of the R language. Most cancers and their adjacent normal tissues exhibit differential expression of DEFB1.The prognosis of distinct cancers was notably impacted by DEFB1. High DEFB1 expression could induce a poorer overall survival (OS) in the lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD)and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) cohorts; in contrast, it could lead to a significantly higher OS in the head-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) cohort (P < 0.05). Moreover, high DEFB1 expression could result in a poor disease-free survival (DFS) in the cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) cohort (P < 0.05). Notably, Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC)samples demonstrated the highest DEFB1 mutation frequency among all cancer types. Furthermore, there was a close relationship of DEFB1 expression with the extent of cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration in LIHC, thyroid carcinoma (THCA), colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), head-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), and stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), while neutrophil infiltration was revealed in other malignancies, including bladder carcinoma (BLCA), diffuse large B-cell (DLBC), lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), PAAD, as well as uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). This initial pan-cancer research can help comprehensively understand the carcinogenesis of DEFB1 in many malignancies.
Construction of Phosphate-Solubilizing Microbial Consortium and Its Effect on the Remediation of Saline-Alkali Soil
Authors: Zhang Ting , Wang Xue-li , Zhou Juan , Zhou Wei , Zhou Shao-Qi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this study, phosphate solubilizing bacteria(PSB) with good phosphate-solubilizing capability were isolated from phosphogypsum(PG) storage yard, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria without antagonistic effect were selected to construct phosphate solubilizing microbial consortium(PSMC), and the synergistic effect of PSMC and PG on the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soil, soil enzyme activity, soil bacterial diversity, and the growth index and biomass of peanut plants were explored. The results showed that the effect of phosphorus containing soil amendment on saline-alkali soil was better than that of single PSMC or PG. In T6 group, the pH of saline-alkali soil decreased from 8.54 to 7.03, the content of organic matter increased by 6.64%, the content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 81.68%, 60.31% and 42.03%, respectively, and the activity of alkaline phosphatase increased by 94.95%. In addition, the electrical conductivity value in T4 group decreased significantly by 20.21%. The diversity and richness of bacterial community in T4 group were the highest, and the growth of peanut plants was the best. The fresh weight of roots and stems increased by 73.34% and 116.6% respectively. In conclusion, the phosphorus containing soil conditioner prepared by PSMC and PG can effectively improve the soil environment of saline-alkali soil and promote the resource utilization of saline alkali soil.
Data denoising and deep learning prediction for the wind speed based on NOA optimization
Authors: Xu Xinyi , Ma Shaojuan , Huang Cheng 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Accurate short-term wind speed prediction is of great significance for wind power generation. Due to the insufficient of traditional wind speed prediction methods to mine nonlinear features of information, an improved nonlinear time series prediction method is proposed by combining Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Deep Learning (CNN-BiLSTM-AttNTS) with the Nutcracker Optimization Algorithm (NOA). Firstly, NOA is used to optimize VMD and CNN-BiLSTM, respectively. Secondly, we apply NOA-VMD to decompose the wind speed data into different Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs). Then, phase space reconstruction (PSR) is utilized to identify chaotic characteristics of the components. Finally, the NOA-CNN-BiLSTM-AttNTS model is built up to predict wind speed. Under the same hyperparameters and network structure settings, compared with traditional machine learning methods and state-of-the-art hybrid models, the results show that the R-squared of NOA-VMD-CNN-BiLSTM-AttNTS combination model proposed in this paper exceeds 90%, with good prediction accuracy and generalization performance. The research result can provide reference and guidance for short-term wind speed prediction.
Revising the Nottingham Inversion Instability as a discontinuous transition between two distinct steady states of thermo-field emission from micro-protrusions
Authors: Mofakhami Darius , Seznec Benjamin , Teste Philippe , Landfried Romaric , Dessante Philippe , Minea Tiberiu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Since the publication of our article: Unveiling the Nottingham Inversion Instability during the thermo-field emission from refractory metal micro-protrusions [1], we have performed new simulations that have led us to a renewed interpretation of this phenomenon. In this follow-up article, we show that the initial instability is solely due to the postitive feedback loop between temperature and resistive heating that can diverge above a threshold electric field. The Nottingham inversion is not the trigger but brings the negative feedback loop with temperature that can balance the thermal runaway, eventually yielding the observed jump in current and temperature. From this new perspective, we therefore suggest replacing the original term "Instability" by the Nottingham Inversion "Jump". This jump represents an intermediate possibility between the two usual scenarios envisaged to date – a stable transition with increasing voltage from low to high temperature steady states up to the melting temperature versus the occurrence beforehand of a resistive instability. To formally compare this third path with the other two, a stability analysis of the micro-protrusion self heating during electron emission is proposed. For the system to exhibit a jump, it must reach a point where the retroaction of a temperature rise on the Joule heating exceeds the combined negative feedback on the Nottingham effect and the heat evacuation, before this situation reverses at higher temperature. Formal revisions of our original article are given accordingly.
Transformerless CMOS Series Doherty Power Amplifier Design for 5G V2X Wireless Communications
Authors: Makhsuci Saeedeh , Sanduleanu Mihai , Ismail Mohammed 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This paper presents and compares two transformerless Series Doherty Power Amplifier (SDPA) architectures that are designed with a Wilkinson and Active balun power driver for 5G Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication.The proposed SDPAs utilize LC balun to set gate-source voltage of main Power Amplifier (PA). The innovative use of a balun as a replacement for the transformer in both proposed SDPA architectures has demonstrated improved reliability while also designs with reduced area and cost of the system. Additionally, lumped elements are used instead of the bulky λ/4 transmission line which used for the load modulation. Compared to the conventional parallel Doherty power amplifiers, the proposed SDPAs achieve reduced area designs. The SDPAs were designed and simulated using the 65 nm CMOS process at a frequency of 5.9 GHz. The power gain of the SDPA, which uses the Wilkinson power divider, is 12.65 dB. The SDPA also exhibits a power-added efficiency (PAE) of 23.8% and a drain efficiency (DE) of 29.45%. The compression point (P-1dB) of the SDPA is 10.3 dBm.
The SDPA using the Active balun delivers a power gain of 21.66 dB, a PAE of 16.77%, a remarkable DE of 41% indicating a high degree of efficiency. The compression point (P-1dB) of this SDPA is 15.6 dBm.
Improving Recovery of Diatoms Bio-Silica Using Chemical Treatment with VAUS TM
Authors: Suh Se Ryung , Lee Joo Hun , Go Gyung Min , Lee Jaeyoung , Kong Hyunjoon , Park Eun-Jin 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

High-temperature baking is a typical method to remove organic matter from diatoms, but it’s not suitable for bio-silica because of the high crystallinity. This study provides a method using the VAUS™ to remove organic matter from diatoms more quickly and biocompatibly. Organic matter was removed by using VAUS™, while NaOCl was utilized to remove the organic matter from the silicate frustule. The optimal frequency for organic matter removal was investigated to domestically produced M. nummuloides. The removal efficiency of TOC/TN was calculated and analyzed. The C and Si elements were analyzed in EDS, while visual confirmation of organic matter removal was analyzed by using XRD. TOC RE% at a frequency of 35kHz exhibited the highest value, indicating a statistically significant difference. XRD analysis demonstrated that the organic matter was almost removed using NaOCl compared to the high-temperature baked M. nummuloides. In the EDS analysis, there were significant differences in the C and Si elements with respect to frequency. This is very similar to the values from the positive control group, high temperature baked M. nummuloides. This new procedure of applying periodic negative pressure to NaOCl pre-treatment is considered to be an effective method of chemically removing organic matter from diatoms.