bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morbidity Pattern and Outcome of Patients Admitted into a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in India
Authors: Abhulimhen-Iyoha Blessing I. , Pooboni Suneel Kumar , Vuppali Nanda Kishore Kumar 
Published: August 2014

Background Intensive care has become very important in the management of critically ill children who require advanced airway, respiratory, and hemodynamic supports and are usually admitted into the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with the aim of achieving an outcome better than if the patients were admitted into other parts of the hospital. It becomes important to audit admissions and their outcome, which may help to modify practices if necessary following thorough introspection, leading to better patient outcomes. Objective To evaluate the morbidity pattern and outcome of admissions into the PICU of a tertiary care center in India. Methods A retrospective study in which records of admissions (from August 2012 to June 2013) were obtained from the PICU records. Information retrieved included age, sex, diagnosis, duration of stay in the unit, and outcome. Results Mean age of the studied 341 patients was 40.01 ± 45.79 months; 50.7% were infants and 59.8% were males. The three most common disease categories admitted were cardiovascular disease (41.1%), neurological disorders (12.0%), and respiratory disease (10.0%). The mean duration of stay in PICU was 3.2 ± 4.5 days. The overall mortality rate was 2.1%. Conclusion Mortality is low in our PICU. We conclude that a well-equipped intensive care unit with modern and innovative intensive care greatly facilitates the care of critically ill patients giving desirable outcome. An expansion of the pediatric wards is advocated to enhance cost–-effective management of patients and avoid unnecessary stretch of the PICU facilities.
The use of environmental DNA for biodiversity monitoring in lentic and lotic ecosystems
Authors: James Joanna , Moore Emily M. , Naden Rachel , Aston Ben , Bradbeer Stephanie J. , Stebbing Paul D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Global biodiversity is facing an extinction crisis leading to increasing pressure on industries to monitor their potential environmental impact. Relatedly, there is demand for more efficient biodiversity monitoring methods, resulting in growing interest in the use of environmental DNA (eDNA). Many questions, however, regarding the reliability of this relatively novel method remain, particularly for non‐specialist end‐users of the technology.

Here, the use of commercially available (in the UK) eDNA assays for monitoring freshwater fish and invertebrate biodiversity was compared to conventional surveillance techniques. Samples were collected from different habitats, on varying spatial scales and using multiple sampling regimes to assess how eDNA results were affected.

For aquatic macroinvertebrates and fish, more taxa were detected by eDNA than conventional surveys conducted in parallel, and for fish, all taxa detected by conventional monitoring were confirmed by eDNA.

For aquatic macroinvertebrates, several species were only detected through conventional methods, and the number of families detected by eDNA was lower than for conventional monitoring at all sites.

eDNA results varied significantly between sampling locations within lentic sites and, for lotic sites, with the number of subsamples collected.

Practical implication. This study demonstrates the need for bespoke sampling protocols when collecting eDNA samples. It also improves understanding of using eDNA for detecting aquatic taxa that could inform species surveillance protocols. These are essential if eDNA is to be used by practitioners as a regulatory monitoring tool.
Mitochondrial DNA disorders in neuromuscular diseases in diverse populations
Authors: Gao Fei , Schon Katherine R. , Vandrovcova Jana , Wilson Lindsay , Hanna Michael G. , Çavdarlı Büşranur , Heckmann Jeannine , Chinnery Patrick F. , Horvath Rita ,   for the ICGNMD Consortium
Published: August 2024

AbstractNeuromuscular features are common in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) disorders. The genetic architecture of mtDNA disorders in diverse populations is poorly understood. We analysed mtDNA variants from whole‐exome sequencing data in neuromuscular patients from South Africa, Brazil, India, Turkey and Zambia. In 998 individuals, there were two definite diagnoses, two possible diagnoses and eight secondary findings. Surprisingly, common pathogenic mtDNA variants found in people of European ancestry were very rare. Whole‐exome or ‐genome sequencing from undiagnosed patients with neuromuscular symptoms should be re‐analysed for mtDNA variants, but the landscape of pathogenic mtDNA variants differs around the world.
An Easy Nanopatch Promotes Peripheral Nerve Repair through Wireless Ultrasound‐Electrical Stimulation in a Band‐Aid‐Like Way
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Zhifa , Zhao Ziteng , Xu Yongde , Duan Xiaofeng , Zhao Yantao , Ma Wenjing , Yang Yong , Yang Yafeng , Liu Zhiqiang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLow‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and electrical stimulation (ES) are effective methods that promote neural repair. However, ES usually requires electrode implantation and a power supply, which are an inconvenience to future applications. Meanwhile, it is difficult to combine ultrasound and ES through traditional methods. Herein, a nanopatch consisting of an oriented barium titanate (BTO)‐incorporated polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber membrane for electricity generation and a layer of graphene oxide (GO)‐doped gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) for neural interaction is developed. This band‐aid‐like BTO@PCL/GO@GelMA nanopatch has an excellent piezoelectric performance. In vitro, the nanopatches significantly promote axonal growth under LIPUS treatment. In a rat model of erectile dysfunction caused by peripheral nerve injury, the nanopatch is easily attached to a damaged nerve similar to a band‐aid. With the assistance of ultrasound, some mechanical energy is converted into electricity by the nanopatch, and synergistic neural stimulation of ultrasound and electricity is achieved. In this way, the nanopatch significantly promoted corpus cavernosum nerve repair, resulting in the improvement of tissue structure and erectile function as well as increased conception rate in female rats. In conclusion, the nanopatch offers a synergistic ultrasound‐ES for nerve repair easily and represents a novel strategy for peripheral nerve repair.
Designing Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials to Construct a Complementary Interface with Versatility for Li–S Batteries
Authors: Yang Ke , Zhao Fei , Li Juan , Yang Haoyuan , Wang Yichen , He Yibo 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPolysulfides shuttle and lithium dendrites growth greatly restricts the practical application of lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs). A rational designed separator combined polysulfide catalyst and lithium regulator can achieve the effect of killing two birds with one stone. Herein, organic–inorganic hybrid materials are designed to construct a complementary interface for LSBs. Specially, two kinds of covalent organic frameworks (COF) with different pore size are in situ grown on the MXene surface by forming Ti–N bond. The high electronic conductivity and abundant surface functional groups of MXene allow it to work as a catalyst to effectively accelerate the polysulfides conversion, while COF can be used as an ion calibrator to guide homogeneous lithium deposition. As expected, the MXene@COF (MCOF) integrated separator realizes complementary advantages that enable a Li||Li symmetric cell to achieve a surprisingly stable lithium plating/stripping process up to 4750 h at 10 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the assembled LSBs exhibit high capacities of 584/563 mAh g−1 at 3 C and low‐capacity decay rates of 0.042%/0.048% per cycle after 1000 cycles at 1 C. This work proposes a strategy of complementary advantages based on the MXene and COF composites in the interface layer, which is of great significance for the separator construction of high‐performance LSBs.
Muscle‐Inspired Formable Wood‐Based Phase Change Materials
Authors: Liu Yifan , Lv Zhisheng , Zhou Jiazuo , Cui Zequn , Li Wenlong , Yu Jing , Chen Lixun , Wang Xin , Wang Meng , Liu Kunyang , Wang Hui , Ji Xinyao , Hu Senwei , Li Jian , Loh Xian Jun , Yang Haiyue , Chen Xiaodong , Wang Chengyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) are crucial for sustainable thermal management in energy‐efficient construction and cold chain logistics, as they can store and release renewable thermal energy. However, traditional PCMs suffer from leakage and a loss of formability above their phase change temperatures, limiting their shape stability and versatility. Inspired by the muscle structure, formable PCMs with a hierarchical structure and solvent‐responsive supramolecular networks based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/wood composites are developed. The material, in its hydrated state, demonstrates low stiffness and pliability due to the weak hydrogen bonding between aligned wood fibers and PVA molecules. Through treatment of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the PVA/wood PEG gel (PEG/PVA/W) with strengthened hydrogen bonds, the resulting wood‐based PCMs in the hard and melting states elevate the tensile stress from 10.14 to 80.86 MPa and the stiffness from 420 MPa to 4.8 GPa, making it 530 times stiffer than the PEG/PVA counterpart. Capable of morphing in response to solvent changes, these formable PCMs enable intricate designs for thermal management. Furthermore, supported by a comprehensive life cycle assessment, these shape‐adaptable, recyclable, and biodegradable PCMs with lower environmental footprint present a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics and thermal management materials.
An Acceptor–Donor–Acceptor Structured Nano‐Aggregate for NIR‐Triggered Interventional Photoimmunotherapy of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Niu Gaoli , Bi Xingqi , Kang Yong , Zhao Hua , Li Ruiyan , Ding Mengbin , Zhou Baoli , Zhai Yanhong , Ji Xiaoyuan , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCompared with conventional therapies, photoimmunotherapy offers precise targeted cancer treatment with minimal damage to healthy tissues and reduced side effects, but its efficacy may be limited by shallow light penetration and the potential for tumor resistance. Here, an acceptor–donor‐acceptor (A‐D‐A)‐structured nanoaggregate is developed with dual phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), triggered by single near‐infrared (NIR) light. Benefiting from strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), the A–D–A‐structured nanoaggregates exhibit broad absorption extending to the NIR region and effectively suppressed fluorescence, which enables deep penetration and efficient photothermal conversion (η = 67.94%). A suitable HOMO–LUMO distribution facilitates sufficient intersystem crossing (ISC) to convert ground‐state oxygen (3O2) to singlet oxygen (1O2) and superoxide anions (·O2−), and catalyze hydroxyl radical (·OH) generation. The enhanced ICT and ISC effects endow the A–D–A structured nanoaggregates with efficient PTT and PDT for cervical cancer, inducing efficient immunogenic cell death. In combination with clinical aluminum adjuvant gel, a novel photoimmunotherapy strategy for cervical cancer is developed and demonstrated to significantly inhibit primary and metastatic tumors in orthotopic and intraperitoneal metastasis cervical cancer animal models. The noninvasive therapy strategy offers new insights for clinical early‐stage and advanced cervical cancer treatment.
Infectious and Inflammatory Microenvironment Self‐Adaptive Artificial Peroxisomes with Synergetic Co‐Ru Pair Centers for Programmed Diabetic Ulcer Therapy
Authors: Gao Yang , Deng Yuting , Geng Wei , Xiao Sutong , Wang Ting , Xu Xiaohui , Adeli Mohsen , Cheng Liang , Qiu Li , Cheng Chong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractComplex microenvironments with bacterial infection, persistent inflammation, and impaired angiogenesis are the major challenges in chronic refractory diabetic ulcers. To address this challenge, a comprehensive strategy with highly effective and integrated antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, and accelerated angiogenesis will offer a new pathway to the rapid healing of infected diabetic ulcers. Here, inspired by the tunable reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation properties of natural peroxisomes, this work reports the design of infectious and inflammatory microenvironments self‐adaptive artificial peroxisomes with synergetic Co‐Ru pair centers (APCR) for programmed diabetic ulcer therapy. Benefiting from the synergistic Co and Ru atoms, the APCR can simultaneously achieve ROS production and metabolic inhibition for bacterial sterilization in the infectious microenvironment. After disinfection, the APCR can also eliminate ROS to alleviate oxidative stress in the inflammatory microenvironment and promote wound regeneration. The data demonstrate that the APCR combines highly effective antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and provascular regeneration capabilities, making it an efficient and safe nanomedicine for treating infectious and inflammatory diabetic foot ulcers via a programmed microenvironment self‐adaptive treatment pathway. This work expects that synthesizing artificial peroxisomes with microenvironments self‐adaptive and bifunctional enzyme‐like ROS regulation properties will provide a promising path to construct ROS catalytic materials for treating complex diabetic ulcers, trauma, or other infection‐caused diseases.
Controlling Charged State Colors in Triphenylamine‐Based Anodically Coloring Electrochromes
Authors: Wagner Justine S. , Siegler Maxime A. , Tomlinson Aimée L. , Reynolds John R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA series of anodically coloring electrochromic molecules comprised of thioalkyl‐substituted 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophenes coupled to triphenylamine units that vary in position and degree of electron rich character of the substituents are reported, which influences the molecules geometric, electrochemical, optoelectronic, and excited‐state properties. Their redox properties are evaluated and it is discovered that modulation of both the first and second oxidation potential, formation of the cation radical, and dication respectively, can be varied from 0.03 to 0.18 V and 0.32 to 0.46 V versus Fc/Fc+ respectively. For the first time in ACE‐based molecular systems, the ability to vary the electrochemical potential separation between successive charge states is demonstrated, which directly influences the generation of color. The chemical oxidant, ferric triflate, is used to visualize the vibrantly colored cation radical solutions at 1 equivalent, followed by a second equivalent that opens a new and differing color palette for the dication state. Optical transitions are probed during electrochemical oxidation using an optically transparent thin layer electrode demonstrating selective control in generating successive charge states. Density functional theory simulations are used to analyze the excited state and elucidate how substituent identity affects the neutral, cation radical, and dication optical transitions, and thereby the resulting color.
Modeling and Numerical Insights of TiSe2 Compound‐Based Photodetector
Authors: Miah Md. Rashed , Ebon Md. Islahur Rahman , Abir Ahnaf Tahmid , Hossain Jaker 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study presents a comprehensive simulation of a TiSe2‐based photodetector, an optoelectronic device adept at converting a spectrum of electromagnetic radiation spanning ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared wavelengths into electrical signals. The TiSe2 absorber material is characterized by a narrow direct bandgap of 1.2 eV, endowing the photodetector with superior optical and electronic attributes that enhance its photodetection capabilities. In‐depth analysis of the energy band diagram, the current‐voltage (J‐V) characteristics, and spectral responses is conducted. This article involves in methodical variations in the thickness, doping levels, and defect density across different layers to achieve optimal performance. The photodetector's current, JSC, and voltage, VOC are recorded at 37.30 mA cm−2 and 0.795 V, in turn. Additionally, the device achieves a peak responsivity, R of 0.67 A W−1 and a detectivity, D* of 12.9 × 1014 Jones at a wavelength of 920 nm. Notably, the spectral response is significantly enhanced between 760 and 1010 nm, indicating the photodetector's proficient detection of near‐infrared (NIR) light. The findings underscore the potential of TiSe2 as an effective material for photodetector applications, marking a significant advancement in the field and paving the way for future research endeavors in photodetector technology.
2D Model for Ca2+$Ca^{2+}$ Dynamics Regulating IP3$IP_3$, ATP and Insulin in A Pancreatic β$\beta$‐Cell
Authors: Vaishali Vaishali , Adlakha Neeru 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe regulation of insulin in pancreatic ‐cells is dependent on changes in the cytoplasmic calcium concentration . The well‐balanced influx and efflux routes are required for insulin secretion. Therefore, this research presents a simplified yet valuable model for investigating calcium dynamics in a ‐cell under 2D unsteady state conditions. The model integrates diffusion, reactions involving sources, excess buffers, and fluxes, including efflux through leak and SERCA mechanisms. Boundary and initial conditions are tailored to ‐cell physiology. Numerical solutions are computed using the finite element method with co‐axial circular elements, chosen for their effectiveness in discretizing the cell domain and improving accuracy. This approach minimizes errors, enhancing predictive fidelity and capturing the intricate geometries and dynamics within ‐cells. The model's findings highlight the influence of buffers and source influx on calcium regulation, and integrate temporal fluctuations in IP3(Inositol 1,4,5‐Trisphosphate) synthesis and degradation, Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) generation, insulin release, and metabolic processes. Computational analysis suggests disruptions in cellular energy production and metabolite distribution may underlie conditions like metabolic syndrome and diabetes. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of ‐cell biology, potentially informing therapeutic strategies for related disorders.
Atypical noncontiguous TSC2/PKD1 gene deletions presenting as tuberous sclerosis/polycystic kidney disease contiguous gene syndrome
Authors: Ventayol‐Guirado Marc , Torres Laura , Asensio‐Landa Victor , Pérez‐Granero Ángeles , Madrid Maria Isabel , Hernandez‐Rodriguez Jessica , Llull‐Alberti Maria Victoria , Lumbreras Javier , Escribà Silvia , Pons Monserrat , Roldan Jordi , Martínez‐López Iciar , Heine‐Suñer Damian , Santos‐Simarro Fernando 
Published: August 2024

AbstractTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are genetically distinct disorders typically associated with pathogenic variants in TSC1 and TSC2 for the former and PKD1 and PKD2 for the latter. TSC2 and PKD1 lie adjacent to each other, and large deletions comprising both genes lead to TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene deletion syndrome (CGS). In this study, we describe a young female patient exhibiting symptoms of TSC2/PKD1 CGS in which genetic analysis disclosed two noncontiguous partial gene deletions in TSC2 and PKD1 that putatively are responsible for the manifestations of the syndrome. Further analysis revealed that both deletions appear to be de novo on the maternal chromosome, presumably with a germline origin. Despite extensive analysis, no maternal chromosomal rearrangement triggering these pathogenic variants was detected. This case elucidates a unique pathogenesis for TSC2/PKD1 CGS, diverging from the common contiguous deletions typically observed, marking the first reported instance of TSC2/PKD1 CGS caused by independent, functionally significant partial gene deletions.
Remove hazardous textile dyes using polyampholytes derived from polyethyleneimine
Authors: Reyes‐Angeles Mari Carmen , Trejo‐Carbajal Nayely , Caldera‐Villalobos Martin , Herrera‐González Ana M. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractMany processes can be used to remove toxic pollutants from wastewater. Adsorption process has been an important issue in water pollution control. In this research, work describes a facile procedure for synthetizing two polyampholytes through chemical modification of polyethyleneimine and their efficacy as adsorbent materials. The presence of amino and sulfonic acid groups in both polyelectrolytes gives them the property of ionic exchange, classifying them as polyampholytes. The adsorptive properties of both polyelectrolytes were evaluated in aqueous solutions with two acid dyes, Congo Red (DR28) and Eriochrome Black (MB11), and two basic dyes, Malachite Green (BG4) and Methylene Blue (BB9). These dyes possess anionic or cationic groups that interact electrostatically with these new polyampholytes that allow the adsorption. The kinetic study of adsorption for both polyelectrolytes, with all dyes, fits well with the pseudo second order model, demonstrating the chemisorption process. The adsorption percentage of both polyelectrolytes with cationic dyes is closer to 100%. The polyampholytes show adsorption capacity values ranging, with cationic dyes, from 270 to 416 mg g−1, as conventional ion exchange resins.
Do We Really Believe That “More Is Better”? Mapping Implicit and Explicit Associations Between Quantity and Quality
Authors: Vences Mariana , Loureiro Filipe , Garcia‐Marques Teresa 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe dimensions of quantity and quality play a crucial role in shaping our judgments and decisions. How these dimensions are perceived in relation to each other is of extreme importance when it comes to those decisions and judgments. The presumed positive link between them, embodied in the notion that “the more, the better,” is a common thread in decision‐making. However, owing to the diverse contexts within which decisions unfold, individuals appear to acquire the understanding that such relationship is not universally applicable, leading to profess the belief that “quantity is not quality.” This dichotomy establishes a dissociation between the implicit and explicit associations formed regarding the connection between quantity and quality. In two studies, we put this hypothesis to the test. Initially, we explore the nature of this association through an Implicit Association Test (Study 1), followed by an investigation into the modulation of this association within an ecological context (Study 2). The results show that, explicitly, participants assert no inherent relationship between quantity and quality. However, at an implicit level, with consequential impacts on behavior, a robust positive association between quantity and quality persists, providing challenging to overturn.