bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Na+‐K+‐ATPase, a potent neuroprotective modulator against Alzheimer disease
Authors: Zhang Li‐Nan , Sun Yong‐Jun , Pan Shuo , Li Jun‐Xia , Qu Yin‐E , Li Yao , Wang Yong‐Li , Gao Zi‐Bin 
Published: September 2012

AbstractAlzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder clinically characterized by progressive cognitive and memory dysfunction, which is the most common form of dementia. Although the pathogenesis of neuronal injury in AD is not clear, recent evidences suggest that Na+‐K+‐ATPase plays an important role in AD, and may be a potent neuroprotective modulator against AD. This review aims to provide readers with an in‐depth understanding of Na+‐K+‐ATPase in AD through these modulations of some factors that are as follows, which leads to the change of learning and memory in the process of AD.

The deficiency in Na+, K+‐ATPase α1, α2 and α3 isoform genes induced learning and memory deficits, and α isoform was evidently changed in AD, revealing that Na+, K+‐ATPase α isoform genes may play an important role in AD.

Some factors, such as β‐amyloid, cholinergic and oxidative stress, can modulate learning and memory in AD through the mondulation of Na+‐K+‐ATPase activity.

Some substances, such as Zn, s‐Ethyl cysteine, s‐propyl cysteine, citicoline, rivastigmine, Vit E, memantine, tea polyphenol, curcumin, caffeine, Alpinia galanga (L.) fractions, and Bacopa monnieri could play a role in improving memory performance and exert protective effects against AD by increasing expression or activity of Na+, K+‐ATPase.
Sitagliptin added to previously taken antidiabetic agents on insulin resistance and lipid profile: a 2‐year study evaluation
Authors: Derosa Giuseppe , Ragonesi Pietro Dario , Fogari Elena , Cicero Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe , Bianchi Lucio , Bonaventura Aldo , Romano Davide , Maffioli Pamela 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether the positive effects of sitagliptin on glycemic control and insulin resistance were maintained also after 2 years of therapy and whether sitagliptin could be effective also in improving lipid profile. In this randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial, 205 patients with type 2 diabetes in therapy with different antidiabetic drugs were randomized to add sitagliptin 100 mg once a day or placebo to their current therapy. We evaluated at the baseline and after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months the following parameters: body mass index, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA‐IR), total cholesterol (TC), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), triglycerides (Tg). Sitagliptin, added to previously taken antidiabetic agents, proved to be effective in improving glycemic profile, reducing HbA1c by −17.5%, FPG by −12.7%, PPG by −20.5%. Regarding insulin resistance, sitagliptin decreased FPI by −8.3% and HOMA‐IR by −20.0%, confirming that what have been already reported in short‐term studies can be applied also after 2 years of treatment. Sitagliptin also reduced body weight by −4.3%. Our study also showed the positive effect of sitagliptin on lipid profile; in particular, sitagliptin decreased TC by −13.3%, LDL‐C by −20.4%, and Tg by −32.3%, and also increased HDL‐C by + 13.6%. Sitagliptin proved to be effective on glycemic profile and insulin resistance even after 2 years of therapy and to be effective in improving body weight and lipid profile.
Inter‐individual variation in movement: is there a mobility syndrome in the large white butterflyPieris brassicae?
Authors: DUCATEZ SIMON , LEGRAND DELPHINE , CHAPUT‐BARDY AUDREY , STEVENS VIRGINIE M. , FRÉVILLE HELENE , BAGUETTE MICHEL 
Published: September 2012

1. One of the main drivers of the genesis and maintenance of biodiversity is mobility, i.e. the net result of the interaction between physiological performances (movement capacity) and behavioural decisions (movement decisions). Although several previous studies have found personality traits related to mobility, it is not yet clear whether mobility involves a real syndrome, i.e. whether individuals showing good movement capacity are also more likely to decide to move, and whether these inter‐individual differences are consistent across time.2. The aim of the present study was therefore to disentangle the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of inter‐individual variation in mobility by measuring three traits related to mobility under experimental conditions in a butterfly species, and to test the existence of correlations between these traits. These measures implied movement capacity and movement decision.3. It was shown that mobility‐related traits were (i) consistent across time, (ii) inter‐correlated, and (iii) dependent upon sex and morphology.4. These results therefore suggest the existence of a mobility syndrome in a butterfly. Such findings highlight the necessity to accurately integrate inter‐individual variation (behavioural syndrome) in our comprehension of the evolution of movement strategies.
Floral visitors and ant scent marks: noticed but not used?
Authors: BALLANTYNE GAVIN , WILLMER PAT 
Published: September 2012

1. Bee behaviour when visiting flowers is mediated by diverse chemical cues and signals, from the flower itself and from previous visitors to the flower. Flowers recently visited by bees and hoverflies may be rejected for a period of time by subsequent bee visitors.2. Nectar‐thieving ants also commonly visit flowers and could potentially influence the foraging decisions of bees, through the detection of ant trail pheromones or footprint hydrocarbons.3. Here we demonstrate that, while naÏve bumblebees in laboratory trials are not inherently repelled by ant scent marks, they can learn to use them as informative signals while foraging on artificial flowers.4. To test for similar activity in the wild, visitor behaviours at the flowers of Digitalis purpurea Linnaeus, Bupleurum fruticosum Linnaeus, and Brassica juncea (Linnaeus) Czernajew were compared between flowers that had been in contact with ants and those that had not. No differences were found between the two treatments.5. The use of chemical foraging cues by bees would appear to be strongly dependent on previous experience and in the context of these plant species bees did not associate ant scent mark cues with foraging costs.
The effect of music‐movement therapy on physical and psychological states of stroke patients
Authors: Jun Eun‐Mi , Roh Young Hwa , Kim Mi Ja 
Published: September 2012

Aims and objectives.  This study evaluated the effects of combined music‐movement therapy on physical and psychological functioning of hospitalised stroke patients.Background.  Few studies have focused on music‐movement therapy’s effects on physical and psychological functioning of stroke patients.Design.  A quasi‐experimental design with pre‐ and post‐tests was used.Methods.  A convenience sample was used: patients hospitalised for stroke and within two weeks of the onset of stroke were randomised to either an experimental group (received music‐movement therapy in their wheelchairs for 60 minutes three times per week for 8 weeks) or control group (received only routine treatment). The effect of music‐movement therapy was assessed in terms of physical outcomes (range of motion, muscle strength and activities of daily living) and psychological outcomes (mood states, depression), measured in both groups pre‐ and post‐test.Results.  The experimental group had significantly increased shoulder flexion and elbow joint flexion in physical function and improved mood state in psychological function, compared with the control group.Conclusions.  Early rehabilitation of hospitalised stroke patients within two weeks of the onset of stroke was effective by using music‐movement therapy. It improved their mood state and increased shoulder flexion and elbow joint flexion.Relevance to clinical practice.  The findings of this study suggest that rehabilitation for stroke patients should begin as early as possible, even during their hospitalisation. Nursing practice should incorporate the concept of combining music and movements to improve stroke patients’ physical and psychological states starting from the acute phase.
Evaluation of two patch spraying systems in winter wheat and maize
Authors: GUTJAHR C , SÖKEFELD M , GERHARDS R 
Published: September 2012

Gutjahr C, Sökefeld M & Gerhards R (2012). Evaluation of two patch spraying systems in winter wheat and maize. Weed Research52, 510–519.SummaryFifteen field experiments were conducted in winter wheat and maize to analyse the spatial distribution of weed species and to evaluate two systems of site‐specific weed control. Fields were divided into cells and weed densities for all weed species were counted in each cell. Weed species were then grouped into annual broad‐leaved species, grass weeds and Galium aparine in winter wheat and annual broad‐leaved species, grass weeds and perennials in maize. Weed control thresholds were set for each group of weed species and different herbicides were sprayed in cells where the weed control threshold was exceeded. All three weed species groups were distributed heterogeneously within and between the fields, with densities ranging from 0 to more than 2000 plants m−2. Site‐specific weed control was realised with a GPS‐controlled multiple‐tank sprayer, containing three separate spray lines for each of the three application maps. In winter wheat, site‐specific weed control using a multiple‐tank sprayer resulted in 70% untreated area compared with uniform applications across the whole field. Simulated site‐specific weed control using a conventional sprayer with a tank mixture only resulted in 37% untreated area. In maize, 47% of the area remained untreated using the multiple‐tank sprayer and 6% using a conventional sprayer and tank mixtures. Efficacy of site‐specific weed control was good in all fields. The results demonstrate the need for combining weed mapping and new application technologies for patch spraying.
New insights into childhood Vernal keratoconjunctivitis‐associated factors
Authors: Tesse Riccardina , Spadavecchia Laura , Fanelli Pietro , Paglialunga Claudia , Capozza Manuela , Favoino Biagio , Armenio Lucio , Cavallo Luciano 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to test for detectable serum levels of antibodies usually associated with immune‐related diseases in children with Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and seek for their family history of allergies and autoimmune disorders. The association of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) with VKC was also investigated. We enrolled 181 VKC children and assessed total and specific IgE, antithyroglobulin (AbTG), antithyroidperoxidase (AbTPO), antitransglutaminase (tTG), and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) by standard procedures. Class I and II HLA typing was also carried out following standard protocols, and it was compared with that of healthy subjects. Patients were positive for AbTG (22%), AbTPO (14.6%), and ANA (15.8%), and AbTG positivity was associated with VKC severity (mean ocular score ± SD positive vs. negative: 6.56 ± 2.1 vs. 4.82 ± 2.1; p = 0.03). We found that 12.2% of VKC cases had a positive family history for psoriasis, 6.4% for other cases of VKC, and 5.2% for thyroiditis, while 50.2% of them were atopic. The expression of HLA class I B37 was significantly higher in VKC patients than in controls (7.1% vs. 2.1%, p = 0.04), although not confirmed after multiple antigens testing analysis. Our study suggests a role of common components associated with immune‐based diseases in the clinical expression of VKC.
Differential investment in pre‐ vs. post‐copulatory sexual selection reinforces a cross‐continental reversal of sexual size dimorphism in Sepsis punctum (Diptera: Sepsidae)
Authors: Puniamoorthy N. , Blanckenhorn W. U. , Schäfer M. A. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractTheory predicts that males have a limited amount of resources to invest in reproduction, suggesting a trade‐off between traits that enhance mate acquisition and those that enhance fertilization success. Here, we investigate the relationship between pre‐ and post‐copulatory investment by comparing the mating behaviour and reproductive morphology of four European and five North American populations of the dung fly Sepsis punctum (Diptera) that display a reversal of sexual size dimorphism (SSD). We show that the geographic reversal in SSD between the continents (male biased in Europe, female biased in North America) is accompanied by differential investment in pre‐ vs. post‐copulatory traits. We find higher remating rates in European populations, where larger males acquire more matings and consequently have evolved relatively larger testes and steeper hyper‐allometry with body size. American populations, in sharp contrast, display much reduced, if any, effect of body size on those traits. Instead, North American males demonstrate an increased investment in mate acquisition prior to copulation, with more mounting attempts and a distinctive abdominal courtship display that is completely absent in Europe. When controlling for body size, relative female spermathecal size is similar on both continents, so we find no direct evidence for the co‐evolution of male and female internal reproductive morphology. By comparing allopatric populations of the same species that apparently have evolved different mating systems and consequently SSD, we thus indirectly demonstrate differential investment in pre‐ vs. post‐copulatory mechanisms increasing reproductive success.
Evaluation of reflectance confocal microscopy in dermatophytosis
Authors: Hui Dai , Xue‐cheng Sun , Ai‐e Xu 
Published: September 2012

SummaryTraditional diagnostic testing for dermatophyte infection currently requires skin scraping for light microscopy and/or fungal culture or skin biopsy. Immunofluorescent microscopy can also be used with calcofluor stain. All of these tests can be time‐consuming to perform, require a waiting period for results and are invasive. This study aimed to define the in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) features of superficial cutaneous fungal infections and to analyse concordance with microscopic examination. Totally, 45 patients, who were diagnosed with superficial cutaneous fungal infections according to the positive result of microscopic examination, were enrolled in this study. We selected three typical lesions examined by RCM, and then recorded the results. In the patients with the tinea manus and pedis, mycelium in stratum corneum was found by the RCM in 14 of 22 patients (14/22; 63.64%). In the patients with the tinea cruris, mycelium in stratum corneum was found by the RCM in 19 of 23 patients (19/23; 82.61%). RCM seems to be useful for microscopic evaluation of mycelium features and may have a scientific value in study of superficial cutaneous fungal infections.
Single cell analysis of gene expression patterns during carbon starvation in Bacillus subtilis reveals large phenotypic variation
Authors: de Jong Imke G. , Veening Jan‐Willem , Kuipers Oscar P. 
Published: September 2012

SummaryHow cells dynamically respond to fluctuating environmental conditions depends on the architecture and noise of the underlying genetic circuits. Most work characterizing stress pathways in the model bacterium Bacillus subtilis has been performed on bulk cultures using ensemble assays. However, investigating the single cell response to stress is important since noise might generate significant phenotypic heterogeneity. Here, we study the stress response to carbon source starvation and compare both population and single cell data. Using a top‐down approach, we investigate the transcriptional dynamics of various stress‐related genes of B. subtilis in response to carbon source starvation and to increased cell density. Our data reveal that most of the tested gene‐regulatory networks respond highly heterogeneously to starvation and cells show a large degree of variation in gene expression. The level of highly dynamic diversification within B. subtilis populations under changing environments reflects the necessity to study cells at the single cell level.
Comprehensive preoperative evaluation and repair of inguinal hernias at the time of open radical retropubic prostatectomy decreases risk of developing post‐prostatectomy hernia
Authors: Marien Tracy , Taouli Bachir , Telegrafi Shpetim , Babb James S. , Lepor Herbert 
Published: September 2012

Study Type – Therapy (case series)Level of Evidence 4What's known on the subject? and What does the study add?Some studies have evaluated preoperative and intraoperative examination for inguinal hernias and their repair, noting a decrease in the rate of post‐prostatectomy hernias. However, this did not eradicate post‐prostatectomy hernias, indicating that this method probably missed subclinical hernias. Other studies looked at prophylactic procedures to prevent the formation of inguinal hernias at the time of prostatectomy and showed a decrease in the rate of postoperative hernias.To our knowledge this is the only series evaluating a multi‐modal approach with magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography and examination to identify all clinical and subclinical hernias and repair them at the time of prostatectomy. This approach only subjects those patients at risk for symptomatic hernias to an additional procedure and decreases the post‐prostatectomy hernia rate to <1%.OBJECTIVE
To assess if a comprehensive evaluation to diagnose clinical and subclinical hernias and repair of these hernias at the time of open radical retropubic prostatectomy (ORRP) decreases the incidence of clinical inguinal hernias (IHs) after ORRP.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Between 1 July 2007 and 31 July 2010, 281 consecutive men underwent ORRP by a single surgeon.
Of these men, 207 (74%) underwent comprehensive preoperative screening for IH, which included physical examination, upstanding ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging.
Between 12 and 24 months after ORRP, 178 (86%) of these men completed a questionnaire designed to capture development of clinical IHs.
RESULTS
Of the 178 evaluable patients, 92 (52%) were diagnosed preoperatively with IH by at least one diagnostic modality.
Forty‐one and 51 of the men had bilateral or unilateral IHs, respectively for a total of 133 IHs.
No preoperative factor was significantly associated with the presence of an IH before prostatectomy.
No groin subjected to IH repair (IHR) at the time of ORRP developed a clinical IH compared with four of the 21 patients with postoperative IHs who did not undergo repair of their preoperatively diagnosed IH at the time of ORRP (P= 0.024).
Only one (0.4%) clinical IH developed in a groin that had no evidence of IH by physical examination, upstanding ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging before prostatectomy.
CONCLUSIONS
Our comprehensive evaluation increases the detection of IHs before ORRP.
Repair of these IHs at the time of ORRP significantly decreases the risk of developing post‐prostatectomy clinical IHs.
Needle and syringe distribution trends in Western Australia, 1990 to 2009
Authors: Lilley Georgiana , Mak Donna B , Fredericks Trinity 
Published: September 2012

AbstractIntroduction and AimsTo describe needle and syringe distribution trends of needle and syringe programs (NSP) between 1990 and 2009 in Western Australia, and explore contributing factors within the national and state strategic and legislative environment.Design and MethodsThe number of needles and syringes distributed by each of the four NSP types [needle and syringe exchange program (NSEP); health service; pharmacy; vending machine] between 1990 and 2009 were stratified by time period and geographic location using Microsoft Excel.ResultsTotal needle and syringe distribution over the 20‐year period increased by eight‐fold. Regional areas experienced the highest growth: 20‐fold increase compared with seven‐fold increase in metropolitan areas. The proportion of needles and syringes distributed through NSEPs increased from 33% to 62% between 1990 and 2009, and through health services increased from 3% to 8% between 1994 and 2009. The proportion distributed through pharmacies decreased from 67% to 28% between 1990 and 2009, and through vending machines from 7% to 1.3% between 1992 and 2009. National and state HIV and hepatitis C strategies guided NSP provision at an early stage, and expedited legislative amendments to allow for the operation of approved NSPs.Discussion and ConclusionsThe majority of growth occurred through the NSEPs and health service NSPs, which are publicly funded NSPs and provide injecting equipment either on ‘exchange’ or free‐of‐charge respectively. The Health Department of Western Australia recognises the increasing reliance on publicly funded NSPs and the need to continue this cost‐effective public health program.
How Offshore Professionals' Job Dissatisfaction Can Promote Further Offshoring: Organizational Outcomes of Job Crafting
Authors: Mattarelli Elisa , Tagliaventi Maria Rita 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis paper investigates the process that leads from job dissatisfaction to new business opportunities in organizations that offshore R&D activities to emerging countries. Specifically, we investigate a major source of job dissatisfaction for offshore professionals: the misalignment between the work that they perform and their professional identity. Our findings indicate that offshore professionals react against the perception of a threat to work‐identity integrity through individual and collective job crafting. A significant outcome of job crafting is the introduction of new markets, industries, and services, which in turn may change a professional's job design. The perceptions of the compatibility of organizational identity with professional identity and with new idea recognition on the one hand, and of distant and local social support on the other, act as intervening conditions in the process. We discuss theoretical contributions to the evolution of offshoring, job crafting, and the interplay between organizational and professional identity, together with managerial implications.
Alexithymia is associated with an augmenter profile, but not only: Evidence for anticipation to arousing music
Authors: GRYNBERG DELPHINE , DAVYDOV DMITRY M. , VERMEULEN NICOLAS , LUMINET OLIVIER 
Published: September 2012

Grynberg, D., Davydov, D. M., Vermeulen, N. & Luminet, O. (2012). Alexithymia is associated with an augmenter profile, but not only: Evidence for anticipation to arousing music. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 53, 375–381.It has been suggested that high alexithymia scorers have an ‘augmenter’ profile which amplifies their physiological and subjective responses to highly arousing stimuli. The aim of this study was to test this theory using several physiological measures. Participants listened to musical excerpts either in a ‘weak‐to‐strong’ or a ‘strong‐to‐weak’ order of arousing levels of stimuli. The results show that alexithymia was associated with an augmenter profile for subjective reports for the most arousing stimulus and with stronger skin conductance level responses in the ‘strong‐to‐weak’ order. These results partially support the augmenter profile and reveal that alexithymia may be associated with higher anticipation for the most arousing excerpt.
Does State Ownership Drive M&A Performance? Evidence from China
Authors: Zhou Bilei , Guo Jie (Michael) , Hua Jun , Doukas Angelos J. 
Published: September 2012

AbstractThis paper examines the role of state ownership in mergers and acquisitions by analysing the short‐ and long‐term performance of Chinese state‐owned enterprise (SOE) acquirers relative to privately owned enterprise (POE) peers from 1994 to 2008. The empirical results show that SOE acquirers outperform POE acquirers in terms of long‐run stock performance and operating performance. In addition, consistent with previous literature, our results suggest that the gains from government intervention outweigh the inefficiency of state ownership in Chinese mergers and acquisitions.