bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The psychiatry of children aged 0–4: advances in assessment, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Foreman David 
Published: November 2015

SummaryMental illness in very young children is relatively rare and the number of 0- to 4-year-olds seen in secondary care psychiatric services has recently declined. Conceptualisation of mental illness in this age group is shifting towards a model that views disorders as part of the wider spectrum of diagnoses, rather than distinct, developmentally specific conditions. This article discusses the epidemiology of psychiatric illness in preschool children, evaluates assessment tools that have only recently been validated for use in secondary care and considers evidence of the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of early intervention using treatments encompassing pharmacological, psychological and social approaches.
The marbled crayfish as a paradigm for saltational speciation by autopolyploidy and parthenogenesis in animals
Authors: Vogt Günter , Falckenhayn Cassandra , Schrimpf Anne , Schmid Katharina , Hanna Katharina , Panteleit Jörn , Helm Mark , Schulz Ralf , Lyko Frank 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe parthenogenetic all-female marbled crayfish is a novel research model and potent invader of freshwater ecosystems. It is a triploid descendant of the sexually reproducing slough crayfish, Procambarus fallax, but its taxonomic status has remained unsettled. By cross-breeding experiments and parentage analysis we show here that marbled crayfish and P. fallax are reproductively separated. Both crayfish copulate readily, suggesting that the reproductive barrier is set at the cytogenetic rather than the behavioural level. Analysis of complete mitochondrial genomes of marbled crayfish from laboratory lineages and wild populations demonstrates genetic identity and indicates a single origin. Flow cytometric comparison of DNA contents of haemocytes and analysis of nuclear microsatellite loci confirm triploidy and suggest autopolyploidisation as its cause. Global DNA methylation is significantly reduced in marbled crayfish implying the involvement of molecular epigenetic mechanisms in its origination. Morphologically, both crayfish are very similar but growth and fecundity are considerably larger in marbled crayfish, making it a different animal with superior fitness. These data and the high probability of a divergent future evolution of the marbled crayfish and P. fallax clusters suggest that marbled crayfish should be considered as an independent asexual species. Our findings also establish the P. fallax–marbled crayfish pair as a novel paradigm for rare chromosomal speciation by autopolyploidy and parthenogenesis in animals and for saltational evolution in general.
Reliability of ROS and RNS detection in hematopoietic stem cells − potential issues with probes and target cell population
Authors: Vlaski-Lafarge Marija , Ivanovic Zoran 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
Many studies have provided evidence for the crucial role of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the regulation of differentiation and/or self-renewal, and the balance between quiescence and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Several metabolic regulators have been implicated in the maintenance of HSC redox homeostasis; however, the mechanisms that are regulated by ROS and RNS, as well as their downstream signaling are still elusive. This is partially owing to a lack of suitable methods that allow unequivocal and specific detection of ROS and RNS. In this Opinion, we first discuss the limitations of the commonly used techniques for detection of ROS and RNS, and the problem of heterogeneity of the cell population used in redox studies, which, together, can result in inaccurate conclusions regarding the redox biology of HSCs. We then propose approaches that are based on single-cell analysis followed by a functional test to examine ROS and RNS levels specifically in HSCs, as well as methods that might be used in vivo to overcome these drawbacks, and provide a better understanding of ROS and RNS function in stem cells.
Cadherin-11 endocytosis through binding to clathrin promotes cadherin-11-mediated migration in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Satcher Robert L. , Pan Tianhong , Bilen Mehmet A. , Li Xiaoxia , Lee Yu-Chen , Ortiz Angelica , Kowalczyk Andrew P. , Yu-Lee Li-Yuan , Lin Sue-Hwa 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT
Cadherin-11 (Cad11) cell adhesion molecule plays a role in prostate cancer cell migration. Because disassembly of adhesion complexes through endocytosis of adhesion proteins has been shown to play a role in cell migration, we examined whether Cad11 endocytosis plays a role in Cad11-mediated migration. The mechanism by which Cad11 is internalized is unknown. Using a GST pulldown assay, we found that clathrin binds to the Cad11 cytoplasmic domain but not to that of E-cadherin. Using deletion analysis, we identified a unique sequence motif, VFEEE, in the Cad11 membrane proximal region (amino acid residues 11–15) that binds to clathrin. Endocytosis assays using K+-depletion buffer showed that Cad11 internalization is clathrin dependent. Proximity ligation assays showed that Cad11 colocalizes with clathrin, and immunofluorescence assays showed that Cad11 localizes in vesicles that stain for the early endosomal marker Rab5. Deletion of the VFEEE sequence from the Cad11 cytoplasmic domain (Cad11-cla-Δ5) leads to inhibition of Cad11 internalization and reduces Cad11-mediated cell migration in C4-2B and PC3-mm2 prostate cancer cells. These observations suggest that clathrin-mediated internalization of Cad11 regulates surface trafficking of Cad11 and that dynamic turnover of Cad11 regulates the migratory function of Cad11 in prostate cancer cells.
Phatica (Fatuor) in a Recruiter Verbal Behavior
Authors: Агеева  , Ageeva Yu. 
Published: November 2015

The unique verbal tactics revealed in studies of the communication process
are used as the main strategy by the interviewer during the job interview in
order to run diagnostics of the job seeker. One of such tactics is a special
one based on the phatic function of so-called small talk. Its atypical implementation
aims to inform the recruiter about the degree of conformity of the
job seeker to the position.
Likelihood ratio and score burden tests for detecting disease-associated rare variants
Authors: Lee Woojoo , Lee Donghwan , Pawitan Yudi 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper presents two simple rare variant (RV) burden tests based on the likelihood ratio test (LRT) and score statistics. LRT is one of the commonly used tests in practical data analysis, and we show here that there is no reason to ignore it in testing RV associations. With the Bartlett correction, we have numerically shown that the LRT-based test can have a reliable distribution. Our simulation study indicates that if the non-null variants are as common as the null variants, then the LRT and score statistics have comparable performance to the C-alpha test, and if the former is rarer than the null variants, then they outperform the C-alpha test.
Towards a semiotic definition of discourse and a basis for a typology of discourses
Authors: Boholm Max 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis article engages with the widely used academic concept of discourse. The aim is threefold: first, to provide a comprehensive overview of how the notion of discourse is conceived based on (a) definitions in the academic literature, (b) dictionary definitions, and (c) corpus data; second, to define discourse as a set of related representations; and, third, to suggest a basis for a typology of discourses. Following Peirce, a representation is regarded as a relationship between a signifier, signified element, and interpretant. A basis for a typology is developed by considering various types of representations and ways they are related.
Rhetorical transformation in Estonian political discourse during World War II
Authors: Ventsel Andreas 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis article considers the transformations of political rhetoric in Estonian public discourse from the eve of World War II to the retreat of German troops from Estonia in August 1944. Thus, the period under analysis contains the 1940 coup d’état in June, Estonia’s “accession” or “acceptance” to the Soviet Union, and the German occupation of Estonia. The article will analyze how the Estonians’ political and cultural public identity was shaped in political speeches. The analysis will concentrate on the texts that employed the signs important for previous regimes to the introduction and consolidation of new (Soviet and National Socialist) ideological discourses. Using the methods of semiotics and discourse theory, the article will shed light on the metaphorical and metonymical principles of text and meaning construction in the context of power relations. The material of analysis consists of the speeches of the political elite from the 1938, 1939, and 1940 issues of Päevaleht; 1940–1941 issues of Rahva Hääl, and the 1941–1944 issues of Eesti Sõna, and finally, of articles that have been coordinated by the state (published in 1934–1940) in order represent the identity of the Estonian.
Antisymmetric exchange in La-substituted BiFe0.5Sc0.5O3 system: symmetry adapted distortion modes approach
Authors: Khalyavin Dmitry D. , Salak Andrei N. , Manuel Pascal , Olekhnovich Nikolai M. , Pushkarev Anatoly V. , Radysh Yury V. , Fedorchenko Alexey V. , Fertman Elena L. , Desnenko Vladimir A. , Ferreira Mário G.S. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Neutron powder diffraction measurements on the 35 % La-substituted Bi1−x
La
x
Fe0.5Sc0.5O3 composition revealed that the samples obtained under high-pressure (6 GPa) and high-temperature (1500 K) conditions crystalize into a distorted perovskite structure with the orthorhombic Pnma symmetry and the unit cell parameters: a

o
= 5.6745(2) Å, b

o
= 7.9834(3) Å and c

o
= 5.6310(2) Å. A long-range magnetic ordering takes place below 220 K and implies a G-type magnetic structure with the moments 4.10(4)μ

B
per Fe aligned predominately along the orthorhombic c-axis. The space group representation theory using the orthorhombic symmetry yields four bi-linear coupling schemes for the magnetic order parameters imposed by antisymmetric exchange interactions. The couplings are analysed based on symmetry adapted distortion modes defined in respect of the undistorted cubic perovskite structure. The approach allows a quantitative estimation of the coupling strength. It is shown that the experimentally found spin configuration combines the magnetic order parameters coupled by the atomic displacement modes with the largest amplitudes. The results indicate that the antisymmetric exchange is the dominant anisotropic term which fully controls the direction of the Fe3+ spins in the distorted perovskite lattice.
Spectroscopic and theoretical studies of some 4′-substituted-phenyl 2-(ethanesulfonyl)acetates. Structure of 4′-nitrophenyl 2-(ethanesulfonyl)acetate
Authors: Rodrigues Daniel N.S. , Olivato Paulo R. , Zukerman-Schpector Julio , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
An analysis of carbonyl bands in the infrared spectra of some 2-ethylsulfonyl 4′-substituted phenylacetates bearing substituents NO2 (1), H (2) and OMe (3), supported by B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) and SM5.42R at PM3 level calculations, along with natural bond orbital analysis (NBO) and X-ray diffraction (for 1) was performed. Theoretical data indicated the existence of two stable gauche conformations (g
1 and g
2). The g
1 conformer is the most stable, least polar and has the lowest νCO frequency. The more intense, lower frequency carbonyl doublet component found in CCl4 solution is assigned to the g
1 conformer. As the solvent dielectric constant increases (going from CCl4 to MeCN) the higher frequency νCO doublet increases in intensity. This behaviour is reproduced by the solvation free energy calculations, supporting the conformer assignments. NBO calculations indicate that the most important orbital interaction is LPO9 → π*C7=O8 for both conformers, which corresponds to [C=O ↔ C+–O-] conjugation. This stabilises the g
1 conformer to a greater extent and is responsible for the lower νCO frequency. The sum of the selected NBO delocalisation energies for 1–3 indicates that the g
1 conformer is more stable. It is concluded that the calculated greater stability of the g
1 conformer is due to a balance of attractive electrostatic and orbital interactions along with relevant hydrogen bonds. The X-ray crystal structure analysis of 1 shows the presence of two crystallographic independent but almost superimposable molecules each which adopt a cis geometry. The molecules are consolidated into the three-dimensional crystal packing by C–H…O interactions as well as by nitro- N–O…π(phenyl) contacts.
Cs2CuP2O7, a novel low-density open-framework structure based upon an augmented diamond net
Authors: Mannasova Alina A. , Chernyatieva Anastasiya P. , Krivovichev Sergey V. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe crystal structure of Cs2CuP2O7[monoclinic,Cc,a=7.460(6),b=12.973(10),c=9.980(8) Å, β=111.95(2)°,V=895.8(12) Å3] prepared by solid-state reactions is based upon open framework formed by corner sharing between CuO4distorted squares and P2O7groups. The framework is porous and has a very low framework density of 13.4 Cu+P atoms per 1 nm3. Cs+cations reside in large framework cavities. The heteropolyhedral network in the title compound is based upon three-dimensional (3;4)-connected net that has a three-membered CuP2ring as its elementary unit. In terms of reticular chemistry, this net should be considered as an augmented diamond (dia) net. The Cu–P net can be obtained from the latter by the replacement of its nodes by the CuP2triangles. This replacement is strongly non-centrosymmetric, since all CuP2triangles are oriented along the same direction, which provides a crystal chemical explanation for the absence of a symmetry centre in the structure. Cs2CuP2O7is the first compound in the A2CuP2O7family (A=alkaline metal), which is based upon three-dimensional copper pyrophosphate framework.
Inflating bacterial cells by increased protein synthesis
Authors: Basan Markus , Zhu Manlu , Dai Xiongfeng , Warren Mya , Sévin Daniel , Wang Yi‐Ping , Hwa Terence 
Published: October 2015

AbstractUnderstanding how the homeostasis of cellular size and composition is accomplished by different organisms is an outstanding challenge in biology. For exponentially growing Escherichia coli cells, it is long known that the size of cells exhibits a strong positive relation with their growth rates in different nutrient conditions. Here, we characterized cell sizes in a set of orthogonal growth limitations. We report that cell size and mass exhibit positive or negative dependences with growth rate depending on the growth limitation applied. In particular, synthesizing large amounts of “useless” proteins led to an inversion of the canonical, positive relation, with slow growing cells enlarged 7‐ to 8‐fold compared to cells growing at similar rates under nutrient limitation. Strikingly, this increase in cell size was accompanied by a 3‐ to 4‐fold increase in cellular DNA content at slow growth, reaching up to an amount equivalent to ~8 chromosomes per cell. Despite drastic changes in cell mass and macromolecular composition, cellular dry mass density remained constant. Our findings reveal an important role of protein synthesis in cell division control.
LEVANTAMENTO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS UNIDADES DE PAISAGENS DA ÁREA DO PANTANAL DO ABOBRAL - MS
Authors: Theodoro Ednan Aparecido da Silva , Sakamoto Arnaldo Yoso , Neto Maria José 
Published: November 2015

RESUMOO trabalho foi realizado na sub-região do Pantanal do Abobral, e tem como objetivo, identificar e caracterizar a paisagem da área do Pantanal do Abobral, a sua organização e dinâmica hídrica atual relacionadas com as unidades das paisagens. A metodologia adotada em campo para o estudo da paisagem dessa sub-região foi um levantamento foto descritivo das duas áreas selecionadas, de abrangência do Rio Abobral e a coleta de amostras da cobertura vegetal predominante de cada área estudada, Foi delimitada uma área que corresponde a um quadrado de 20x20, e a identificação das amostras e tabulação em laboratório. As paisagens mesmo com interferência do homem obedecem a um padrão onde em pontos mais altos encontram-se áreas com vegetação mais densa (capão de mata) e no campo com espécimes arbóreos espalhadas de maneira aleatória.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Paisagem. Vegetação. Pantanal do Abobral. SURVEY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF LANDSCAPES UNITS OF PANTANAL DO ABOBRAL - MS ABSTRACTThe work was carried out in the subregion Abobral the Pantanal, and aims to identify and characterize the landscape Abobral the Pantanal area, your organization and current water dynamics related to the units of the landscape. The methodology used in the field to study the landscape of this sub-region was a descriptive photo survey of the two selected areas, spanning the Rio Abobral and collecting samples of the predominant vegetation cover of each study area, an area was delimited corresponding to a square of 20x20, and sample identification and tabulation in the laboratory. The landscapes even with human interference follow a pattern in which the highest points are areas with denser vegetation (forest gelding) and field with tree specimens scattered randomly.KEYWORDS: Landscape. Vegetation. Pantanal do Abobral. ENCUESTA Y CARACTERÍSTICAS DE PAISAJES DE ÁREA DE PANTANAL DO ABOBRAL - MS RESUMENEl trabajo se llevó a cabo en la subregión Abobral el Pantanal, y tiene como objetivo identificar y caracterizar el paisaje Abobral la zona del Pantanal, su organización y la dinámica del agua de actualidad relacionados con las unidades de paisaje. La metodología utilizada en el campo para estudiar el paisaje de esta subregión fue una encuesta foto descriptiva de las dos áreas seleccionadas, que abarca el Río Abobral y la recolección de muestras de la cubierta vegetal predominante de cada área de estudio, un área fue delimitada correspondiente a un cuadrado de 20x20, y la identificación de la muestra y la tabulación en el laboratorio. Los paisajes, incluso con la interferencia humana siguen un patrón en el que los puntos más altos son las zonas con vegetación más densa (castrado bosque) y el campo con ejemplares de árboles dispersos al azar.PALABRAS CLAVE: Paisaje. Vegetación. Pantanal Abobral.
MÚLTIPLAS FUNÇÕES DOS ARBORETOS DO PARQUE ESTADUAL DE PORTO FERREIRA, SP
Authors: Evangelista Sonia Aparecida de Souza , Dickfeldt Ernesto Pedro , Fonseca Suélen Rigon Bento da 
Published: November 2015

RESUMO Ao longo dos anos, três arboretos foram implantados no Parque Estadual de Porto Ferreira de forma multidisciplinar e participativa, integrando os programas de manejo da unidade. As coleções juntas somam 94 espécies que favoreceu a recuperação de áreas degradadas, o desenvolvimento de atividades de educação e interpretação ambiental, a conservação da biodiversidade, além de serem espaços de vivência e contemplação da natureza, desempenhando assim funções ambientais, educativas e sociais. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Recuperação. Educação Ambiental. Biodiversidade.
INCIDÊNCIA DE CAÇA DENTRO DE UMA UNIDADE DE CONSERVAÇÃO DE PROTEÇÃO INTEGRAL: DADOS PRELIMINARES DE ESTUDO DE CASOS COMO FORMA DE CONTROLE À CAÇA.
Authors: Sabatini Vera , Dickfeldt Ernesto Pedro , Oliveira Paulo Roberto de 
Published: November 2015

RESUMOA ameaça da fauna silvestre na Mata Atlântica ocorre pela grave ameaça dos seus hábitats e pela caça. Apesar de criminalizada por lei, a caça de animais silvestres ainda faz parte da nossa cultura, assim como a captura de aves para animais de estimação. O objetivo deste estudo é averiguar a ocorrência de caça no Parque Estadual Vassununga, quantificando a frequência, local e as espécies de animais silvestres de acordo com o tipo de captura para ser estabelecido um protocolo de atuação eficaz na fiscalização. O monitoramento ocorreu em dois fragmentos do parque, tendo início em 2013. No fragmento Maravilha, até o momento, foram realizadas dez incursões num mesmo transecto sendo encontrados 11 jiraus. Os levantamentos no fragmento Pé-de-Gigante foram realizados três locais distintos não sendo encontrados vestígios de caça. No fragmento Capetinga Oeste foi detectada a caça de ave canora (Saltator similis) pela apreensão da gaiola com alçapões na borda da mata junto ao carreador de cana-de-açúcar. Diante dos resultados preliminares, podemos concluir que há necessidade de uma fiscalização intensiva tanto no entorno quanto no interior das matas dos fragmentos. Palavras-chave: caça; espécie cinegética; monitoramento de caça.
Percepção dos citricultores e técnicos agrícolas quanto ao uso dos agrotóxicos
Authors: Batista Ringo Souza , Ferrari Jéferson Luiz , Guimarães Marianna Abdalla Prata , Mendonça Gilson Pinel de 
Published: October 2015

<p>A citricultura tem se destacado como alternativa de renda aos agricultores familiares no estado do Espírito Santo, numa proposta de diversificação econômica com a cultura do café. Objetivou-se neste trabalho verificar o nível de conhecimento e comprometimento técnico a respeito da responsabilidade da emissão de Receitas Agronômicas por técnicos em agropecuária, egressos do IFES-campus de Alegre, bem como analisar a percepção dos citricultores quanto ao uso racional de agrotóxicos. Para chegar aos resultados, um questionário foi estruturado e aplicado a uma parcela representativa de citricultores dos municípios de Alegre e de Jerônimo Monteiro, e uma oficina pedagógica, com o tema "Receituário Agronômico e a Citricultura", foi realizada com os técnicos em agropecuária. Percebeu-se, por parte dos citricultores de Jerônimo Monteiro e de Alegre, o uso irracional de produtos agrotóxicos no manejo fitossanitário das suas atividades econômicas. Notou-se que os técnicos não apresentaram segurança quanto ao tema discutido na oficina, demonstrando pouco conhecimento a respeito dos problemas fitossanitários dos citros. Há a necessidade de ações educativas no sentido de proporcionar aos citricultores e aos técnicos, o conhecimento adequado para adoção do Manejo Integrado de Pragas e dos métodos alternativos de manejo, sensibilizando-os quanto ao uso racional de agrotóxicos.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Perception of growers and agricultural experts in the use of pesticides</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The citriculture has emerged as an alternative income to farmers in the state of Espírito Santo, a proposal for economic diversification with coffee growing. In this scenario aimed at verifying the level of commitment and technical knowledge about the responsibility of issuing Agronomic Recipes by technicians in agriculture, egresses of IFES-campus Alegre, and analyze the perception of citrus growers Alegre-ES and Jerônimo Monteiro-ES about the rational use of agrochemicals. To get the expected results , a questionnaire was structured and applied to a significant portion of citrus growers in the municipalities of Alegre and Jeronimo Monteiro and conducting a workshop with the theme " Recipes Agronomy and Citrus " with the help of technicians in agriculture graduates of IFES - campus Alegre of 2013. It was noticed that there, by the growers of Jeronimo Monteiro and Alegre, the irrational use of pesticides products in the phytosanitary management of their economic activities. We conclude that the technicians showed no certainty as to the subject discussed in the workshop, demonstrating little knowledge about the disease problems of citrus and its management, thus, the need for educational activities is necessary to provide growers the adequate knowledge to adoption of Integrated Pest Management and of alternative management methods, about the rational use of pesticides.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>