bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reflectance confocal microscopy features of acral lentiginous melanoma: a comparative study with acral nevi
Authors: Cinotti E. , Debarbieux S. , Perrot J.L. , Labeille B. , Long‐Mira E. , Habougit C. , Douchet C. , Depaepe L. , Hammami‐Ghorbel H. , Lacour J.P. , Thomas L. , Cambazard F. , Bahadoran P. ,   the Groupe Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive de la Société Française de Dermatologie
Published: October 2015

AbstractBackgroundAcral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) can be difficult to differentiate from acral nevus. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is widely used for the diagnosis of melanocytic tumours, but the RCM features of ALM and acral nevus have not been described yet.ObjectiveTo determine the RCM features of ALM and acral nevus, and their correlation with clinical and histological characteristics.MethodsRetrospective study of 17 cases of ALM and 26 acral nevi.ResultsPagetoid cells were present in all ALMs with a visible epidermis and in three nevi. A proliferation of atypical melanocytes at the dermal–epidermal junction (DEJ) and/or in the dermis was visible in nine ALMs but not in nevi. The histopathological examination of initial skin biopsies was unable to diagnose ALM in four cases, differing from RCM that could identify malignant tumour cells by exploring the whole lesions.ConclusionReflectance confocal microscopy can help in the differentiation of ALM and acral nevus, and to guide the biopsy.
Stakeholder Inclusion and Accounting for Stakeholders
Authors: Mitchell Ronald K. , Van Buren Harry J. , Greenwood Michelle , Freeman R. Edward 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTStakeholder inclusion in organizational decision‐making, and the resulting issue of value creation, is one of the thorny problems that stakeholder theory has sought to address. Yet progress has been slow, we suggest, because present accounting theory and practice does not address the decision‐making needs of all stakeholders who are at risk due to the activities of organizations. In this paper we develop a transdisciplinary theory of value‐creation stakeholder accounting (VCSA) based on stakeholder risk‐sharing as a superior rationale for stakeholder inclusion. We introduce value‐creation stakeholder partnerships (VCSPs) as a promising mechanism for the implementation of VCSA. VCSA is derived from a fusion of accounting, value‐creation/entrepreneurship, and stakeholder theory, and the VCSP mechanism emerges from distinguishing proprietary‐convention (partnership) from entity‐convention (corporate) accounting. Using this framing we summarize and situate the articles in this Special Issue on Stakeholder Accounting.
ASCIA guidelines for prevention of anaphylaxis in schools, pre‐schools and childcare: 2015 update
Authors: Vale Sandra , Smith Jill , Said Maria , Mullins Raymond James , Loh Richard 
Published: October 2015

AbstractThe aim of these guidelines is to assist staff in school and childcare settings to plan and implement appropriate risk minimisation strategies, taking into consideration the needs of the allergic child, the likely effectiveness of measures and the practicality of implementation. Although these guidelines include risk minimisation strategies for allergic reactions to insect stings or bites, latex and medication, the major focus relates to food allergy. This is due to the higher relative prevalence of food allergy in childhood (compared with other allergic triggers) and the higher likelihood of accidental exposure in these settings. Care of the allergic child in the school, pre‐school or childcare settings requires accurate information obtained from parents and carers, staff training in the recognition and management of acute allergic reactions, planning for unexpected reactions (including in those not previously identified as being at risk), age appropriate education of children with severe allergies and their peers, and implementation of practical strategies to reduce the risk of accidental exposure to known allergic triggers. Strategy development also needs to take into account local or regional established legislative or procedural guidelines and the possibility that the first episode of anaphylaxis may occur outside the home. Food bans are not recommended as the primary risk minimisation strategy due to difficulties in implementation and lack of proven effectiveness.
Reduction in incidence of invasive fungal infection in patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplantation using combined diagnostic‐driven approach and itraconazole oral solution
Authors: Tzadok Roie , Shapira Michael Y. , Moses Allon E. , Or Reuven , Block Colin , Strahilevitz Jacob 
Published: October 2015

SummaryInvasive fungal infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We evaluated, in our allogeneic stem cell transplant patients, the effect on the incidence of invasive fungal infection during neutropenia of a strategy combining a diagnostic‐driven approach with chemoprophylaxis during higher risk periods of graft vs. host disease and prolonged neutropenia, using itraconazole oral solution with parenteral voriconazole bridging. One hundred and thirty patients admitted for allogeneic stem cell transplantation within two predefined 20 month periods were included in the study. Data for all patients were collected prospectively. Implementation of the protocol resulted in the administration of more prophylactic antifungals to more patients. Following implementation, there was a non‐significant decrease in the overall number of invasive fungal infections (IFI) [11 of 65 patients (17.2%) vs. 4 of 65 patients (6.2%, P = 0.051)], as well as in the occurrence of invasive mould infections [8 of 65 patients (12.5%) vs. 2 of 65 patients (3.1%, P = 0.054)]. Survival rates at three and 6 months were not significantly affected. A combined diagnostic‐driven approach and antifungal prophylaxis with oral itraconazole and an intravenous voriconazole bridging protocol, was associated with a reduced, albeit non‐statistically significant, number of IFI in our medical centre.
Novel JAZ co‐operativity and unexpected JA dynamics underpin Arabidopsis defence responses to Pseudomonas syringae infection
Authors: de Torres Zabala Marta , Zhai Bing , Jayaraman Siddharth , Eleftheriadou Garoufalia , Winsbury Rebecca , Yang Ron , Truman William , Tang Saijung , Smirnoff Nicholas , Grant Murray 
Published: October 2015

Summary

Pathogens target phytohormone signalling pathways to promote disease. Plants deploy salicylic acid (SA)‐mediated defences against biotrophs. Pathogens antagonize SA immunity by activating jasmonate signalling, for example Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 produces coronatine (COR), a jasmonic acid (JA) mimic. This study found unexpected dynamics between SA, JA and COR and co‐operation between JAZ jasmonate repressor proteins during DC3000 infection.

We used a systems‐based approach involving targeted hormone profiling, high‐temporal‐resolution micro‐array analysis, reverse genetics and mRNA‐seq.

Unexpectedly, foliar JA did not accumulate until late in the infection process and was higher in leaves challenged with COR‐deficient P. syringae or in the more resistant JA receptor mutant coi1. JAZ regulation was complex and COR alone was insufficient to sustainably induce JAZs.

JAZs contribute to early basal and subsequent secondary plant defence responses. We showed that JAZ5 and JAZ10 specifically co‐operate to restrict COR cytotoxicity and pathogen growth through a complex transcriptional reprogramming that does not involve the basic helix‐loop‐helix transcription factors MYC2 and related MYC3 and MYC4 previously shown to restrict pathogen growth. mRNA‐seq predicts compromised SA signalling in a jaz5/10 mutant and rapid suppression of JA‐related components on bacterial infection.
Creation of the first ultra‐low gluten barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) for coeliac and gluten‐intolerant populations
Authors: Tanner Gregory J. , Blundell Malcolm J. , Colgrave Michelle L. , Howitt Crispin A. 
Published: October 2015

SummaryCoeliac disease is a well‐defined condition that is estimated to affect approximately 1% of the population worldwide. Noncoeliac gluten sensitivity is a condition that is less well defined, but is estimated to affect up to 10% of the population, and is often self‐diagnosed. At present, the only remedy for both conditions is a lifelong gluten‐free diet. A gluten‐free diet is often expensive, high in fat and low in fibre, which in themselves can lead to adverse health outcomes. Thus, there is an opportunity to use novel plant breeding strategies to develop alternative gluten‐free grains. In this work, we describe the breeding and characterization of a novel ultra‐low gluten (ULG) barley variety in which the hordein (gluten) content was reduced to below 5 ppm. This was achieved using traditional breeding strategies to combine three recessive alleles, which act independently of each other to lower the hordein content in the parental varieties. The grain of the initial variety was shrunken compared to wild‐type barleys. We implemented a breeding strategy to improve the grain size to near wild‐type levels and demonstrated that the grains can be malted and brewed successfully. The ULG barley has the potential to provide novel healthy foods and beverages for those who require a gluten‐free diet.
Do Policy Makers Use Academic Research? Reexamining the “Two Communities” Theory of Research Utilization
Authors: Newman Joshua , Cherney Adrian , Head Brian W. 
Published: October 2015

AbstractAcademics and policy makers in many Western countries are perceived as occupying separate communities, with distinct languages, values, and reward systems. However, data from a survey of more than 2,000 policy officials and 126 in‐depth interviews with public servants in Australia suggest that the “two communities” conceptualization may be misleading and flawed. More realistically, there is a range of interaction between policy and academia, with some individuals valuing and using academic research more than others. Furthermore, this relationship is complicated by the internal division between the political and administrative components of the public policy process.
Acts of Social Perspective Taking: A Functional Construct and the Validation of a Performance Measure for Early Adolescents
Authors: Diazgranados Silvia , Selman Robert L. , Dionne Michelle 
Published: October 2015

AbstractTo understand and assess how early adolescents use their social perspective taking (SPT) skills in their consideration of social problems, we conducted two studies. In study 1, we administered a hypothetical SPT scenario to 359 fourth to eighth graders. Modeled on the linguistic pragmatics of speech acts, we used grounded theory to develop a functional approach that identified three types of SPT acts: (1) the acknowledgment of different actors, (2) the articulation of their thoughts and feelings, and (3) the positioning of the roles, experiences, or circumstances that influence how they resolve problems. Study 2 tested the validity of an expanded instrument, the Social Perspective Taking Acts Measure, with 459 fourth to eighth graders. We confirmed the structure of the construct with a fully saturated confirmatory factor analysis, with factor loadings in the range of .62 and .71, and a factor determinacy of .90. We obtained evidence of criterion‐related validity by successfully predicting that girls and older participants would exhibit better performance than boys and younger students, and that SPT would exhibit a negative association with aggressive interpersonal strategies, a positive but moderate association with writing, and non‐significant associations with academic language, complex reasoning, and reading skills.
Genetic upregulation of BK channel activity normalizes multiple synaptic and circuit defects in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome
Authors: Deng Pan‐Yue , Klyachko Vitaly A. 
Published: October 2015

Key points
Single‐channel recordings in CA3 pyramidal neurons revealed that large‐conductance calcium‐activated K+ (BK) channel open probability was reduced by loss of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and that FMRP acts on BK channels by modulating the channel's gating kinetics.
Fmr1/BKβ4 double knockout mice were generated to genetically upregulate BK channel activity in the absence of FMRP.
Deletion of the BKβ4 subunit alleviated reduced BK channel open probability via increasing BK channel open frequency, but not through prolonging its open duration.
Genetic upregulation of BK channel activity via deletion of BKβ4 normalized action potential duration, excessive glutamate release and short‐term synaptic plasticity during naturalistic stimulus trains in excitatory hippocampal neurons in the absence of FMRP.
Genetic upregulation of BK channel activity via deletion of BKβ4 was sufficient to normalize excessive epileptiform activity in an in vitro model of seizure activity in the hippocampal circuit in the absence of FMRP.
AbstractLoss of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) causes fragile X syndrome (FXS), yet the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of FXS are incompletely understood. Recent studies identified important new functions of FMRP in regulating neural excitability and synaptic transmission via both translation‐dependent mechanisms and direct interactions of FMRP with a number of ion channels in the axons and presynaptic terminals. Among these presynaptic FMRP functions, FMRP interaction with large‐conductance calcium‐activated K+ (BK) channels, specifically their auxiliary β4 subunit, regulates action potential waveform and glutamate release in hippocampal and cortical pyramidal neurons. Given the multitude of ion channels and mechanisms that mediate presynaptic FMRP actions, it remains unclear, however, to what extent FMRP–BK channel interactions contribute to synaptic and circuit defects in FXS. To examine this question, we generated Fmr1/β4 double knockout (dKO) mice to genetically upregulate BK channel activity in the absence of FMRP and determine its ability to normalize multilevel defects caused by FMRP loss. Single‐channel analyses revealed that FMRP loss reduced BK channel open probability, and this defect was compensated in dKO mice. Furthermore, dKO mice exhibited normalized action potential duration, glutamate release and short‐term dynamics during naturalistic stimulus trains in hippocampal pyramidal neurons. BK channel upregulation was also sufficient to correct excessive seizure susceptibility in an in vitro model of seizure activity in hippocampal slices. Our studies thus suggest that upregulation of BK channel activity normalizes multi‐level deficits caused by FMRP loss.
Influence of developmental nicotine exposure on the ventilatory and metabolic response to hyperthermia
Authors: Ferng Jonathan , Fregosi Ralph F. 
Published: October 2015

Key points
Both developmental nicotine exposure and hyperthermia are associated with breathing abnormalities in neonates.
Whether or not gestational nicotine exposure interacts with heat stress to alter the normal ventilatory response to hyperthermia is unclear.
With moderate thermal stress, nicotine‐exposed rat pups breathed less and had longer apnoeas than control pups, although this was true at both normal and high temperatures, suggesting an effect of gestational nicotine exposure that is independent of body temperature.
With severe thermal stress, nicotine‐exposed pups failed to increase pulmonary ventilation, and had a delayed recovery from hyperthermia‐induced gasping
The results show that gestational nicotine exposure has subtle but physiologically significant effects on the ventilatory response to severe hyperthermia, which could impact upon both gas exchange and temperature regulation in infants with fever, excessive swaddling or exposure to hot environmental temperatures.
AbstractTo determine whether developmental nicotine exposure (DNE) alters the ventilatory and metabolic response to hyperthermia in neonatal rats (postnatal age 2–4 days), pregnant dams were exposed to nicotine (6 mg kg−1 of nicotine tartrate daily) or saline with an osmotic mini‐pump implanted subdermally on day 5 of gestation. Rat pups (a total of 72 controls and 72 DNE pups) were studied under thermoneutral conditions (chamber temperature 33°C) and during moderate thermal stress (37.5°C). In all pups, core temperature was similar to chamber temperature, with no treatment effects. The rates of pulmonary ventilation (), O2 consumption () and CO2 production () did not change with hyperthermia in either control or DNE pups. However, was lower in DNE pups at both chamber temperatures, whereas the duration of spontaneous apnoeas was longer in DNE pups than in controls at 33°C. The /ratio increased at 37.5°C in control pups, although it did not change in DNE pups. To simulate severe thermal stress, additional pups were studied at 33°C and 43°C. increased with heating in control pups but not in DNE pups. As heat stress continued, gasping was evoked in both groups, with no effect of DNE on the gasping pattern. Over a 20 min recovery period at 33°C, returned to baseline in control pups but remained depressed in DNE pups. In addition to altering baseline and apnoea duration, DNE is associated with subtle but significant alterations in the ventilatory response to hyperthermia in neonatal rats.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus licheniformis S127, Isolated from a Sheep Udder Clinical Infection
Authors: Ostrov Ievgenia , Sela Noa , Freed Mor , Khateb Nihaya , Kott-Gutkowski Miriam , Inbar Dana , Shemesh Moshe 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Bacillus licheniformis
is a Gram-positive biofilm- and endospore-forming bacterium, which contaminates dairy products and can be pathogenic to humans. The draft genome sequencing for
B. licheniformis
strain S127 is reported here, providing genetic data relevant to the ability of this strain to sustain its survival in the dairy industry.
Mining Genomes of Three Marine Sponge-Associated Actinobacterial Isolates for Secondary Metabolism
Authors: Horn Hannes , Hentschel Ute , Abdelmohsen Usama Ramadan 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequences of three actinobacterial isolates,
Micromonospora
sp. RV43,
Rubrobacter
sp. RV113, and
Nocardiopsis
sp. RV163 that had previously been isolated from Mediterranean sponges. The draft genomes were analyzed for the presence of gene clusters indicative of secondary metabolism using antiSMASH 3.0 and NapDos pipelines. Our findings demonstrated the chemical richness of sponge-associated actinomycetes and the efficacy of genome mining in exploring the genomic potential of sponge-derived actinomycetes.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Cyanotroph, Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIMB 11764, Employing Single-Molecule Real-Time Technology
Authors: Jones Lauren B. , Kunz Daniel A. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

We report here the application of single-molecule real-time sequencing for determining the entire genome structure of the cyanotroph
Pseudomonas fluorescens
NCIMB 11764.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Strict Anaerobe Clostridium homopropionicum LuHBu1 (DSM 5847)
Authors: Beck Matthias H. , Poehlein Anja , Bengelsdorf Frank R. , Schiel-Bengelsdorf Bettina , Daniel Rolf , Dürre Peter 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Clostridium homopropionicum
LuHBu1 (DSM 5847
T
), a strictly anaerobic bacterium, which performs propionate fermentation and is capable of growing with 2-, 3-, or 4-hydroxybutyrate as its sole substrate. The genome consists of a single chromosome of 3.65 Mb.
Genome Sequence of Stachybotrys chartarum Strain 51-11
Authors: Betancourt Doris A. , Dean Timothy R. , Kim Jean , Levy Josh 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

The
Stachybotrys chartarum
strain 51-11 genome was sequenced by shotgun sequencing utilizing Illumina HiSeq 2000 and PacBio technologies. Since
S. chartarum
has been implicated as having health impacts within water-damaged buildings, any information extracted from the genomic sequence data relating to toxins or the metabolism of the fungus might be useful.
Complete Genome Sequence of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis 417, a Copper-Resistant Strain Isolated from Juglans regia L
Authors: Pereira Ulisses P. , Gouran Hossein , Nascimento Rafael , Adaskaveg James E. , Goulart Luiz Ricardo , Dandekar Abhaya M. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Xanthomonas arboricola
pv. juglandis 417, a copper-resistant strain isolated from a blighted walnut fruit (
Juglans regia
L. cv. Chandler). The genome consists of a single chromosome (5,218 kb).
Complete Genome Sequence of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Myophage Murica
Authors: Wilder Joseph N. , Lancaster Jacob C. , Cahill Jesse L. , Rasche Eric S. , Kuty Everett Gabriel F. 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Murica is an rv5-like myophage that infects enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
. Pathogenic
E. coli
strains are responsible for many intestinal diseases, and phages that infect these bacteria may prove useful in preventing severe health issues. The following is a report of the complete genome sequence of Murica and its important features.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Heterotrophic Facultative Anaerobic Thermophilic Bacterium, Ardenticatena maritima Strain 110S
T
Authors: Kawaichi Satoshi , Yoshida Takashi , Sako Yoshihiko , Nakamura Ryuhei 
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT

Ardenticatena maritima
strain 110S
T
is a filamentous bacterium isolated from an iron-rich coastal hydrothermal field, and it is a unique isolate capable of dissimilatory iron or nitrate reduction among the members of the bacterial phylum
Chloroflexi
. Here, we report the draft genome sequence comprising 3,569,367 bp, containing 3,355 predicted coding sequences (CDSs).
General practitioners’ attitudes towards the management of dental conditions and use of antibiotics in these consultations: a qualitative study
Authors: Cope Anwen L , Wood Fiona , Francis Nick A , Chestnutt Ivor G 
Published: October 2015

ObjectivesThis study aimed to produce an account of the attitudes of general practitioners (GPs) towards the management of dental conditions in general practice, and sought to explore how GPs use antibiotics in the treatment of dental problems.DesignQualitative study employing semistructured telephone interviews and thematic analysis.Participants17 purposively sampled GPs working in Wales, of which 9 were male. The median number of years since graduation was 21. Maximum variation sampling techniques were used to ensure participants represented different Rural–Urban localities, worked in communities with varying levels of deprivation, and had differing lengths of practising career.ResultsMost GPs reported regularly managing dental problems, with more socioeconomically deprived patients being particularly prone to consult. Participants recognised that dental problems are not optimally managed in general practice, but had sympathy with patients experiencing dental pain who reported difficulty obtaining an emergency dental consultation. Many GPs considered antibiotics an acceptable first-line treatment for acute dental problems and reported that patients often attended expecting to receive antibiotics. GPs who reported that their usual practice was to prescribe antibiotics were more likely to prioritise patients’ immediate needs, whereas clinicians who reported rarely prescribing often did so to encourage patients to consult a dental professional.ConclusionsThe presentation of patients with dental problems presents challenges to GPs who report concerns about their ability to manage such conditions. Despite this, many reported frequently prescribing antibiotics for patients with dental conditions. This may contribute to both patient morbidity and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. This research has identified the need for quantitative data on general practice consultations for dental problems and qualitative research exploring patient perspectives on reasons for consulting. The findings of these studies will inform the design of an intervention to support patients in accessing appropriate care when experiencing dental problems.