bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ocean submesoscale fronts induce diabatic heating and convective precipitation within storms
Authors: Vivant Felix , Siegelman Lia , Klein Patrice , Torres Hector , Menemenlis Dimitris , Molod Andrea 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

The intensity of atmospheric storms is strongly influenced by ocean temperature contrasts. While mesoscale sea surface temperature anomalies (with a size > 50 km) are known to intensify storms via an enhancement of latent heat release, the role of finer oceanic scales remains unknown. Using a groundbreaking global coupled ocean-atmosphere simulation at a km-scale resolution, we show that both ocean mesoscales and submesoscales (with a size < 50 km) account for half of the moisture flux variability at the air-sea interface. In addition, ocean submesoscale fronts drive a secondary circulation, which extends above the planetary boundary layer up to 4 km within the troposphere, and enhance diabatic processes and convective precipitations within storms. In the warm sector of storms, ocean submesoscale fronts account for half of the total diabatic heating and half of the total precipitations, averaging 14 mm/day over five days. In contrast, diabatic heating and precipitations associated with submesoscale fronts are respectively three and twelve times smaller in the cold sector. As such, ocean submesoscale fronts pump humidity from the ocean to the atmosphere and have the potential to further warm the atmosphere, intensify storms, and influence weather patterns such as atmospheric rivers.
Prevalence of the Modifiable Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases in Young Adults of District Hyderabad Sindh Pakistan
Authors: Shaikh Shakil Ahmed , Meomn Salma Farukh , Laghari Keenjhar Rani , Rahu Naila Hajira , Shah Hanozia , Laghari Zulfiqar Ali 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to determine CVD risk factors in the healthy population of district Jamshoro, Sindh.
Methodology:The cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2023 to December 2023, in this study, apparently healthy young adults of not more than 40 years of age were included. A self-designed questionnaire was set for the collection of data. Blood pressure was taken by the standard method through a digital apparatus, BMI was calculated by South Asian standards, and the blood sample was taken after 10 hours of fasting for lipid profile and fasting blood sugar. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS version 26.0.
Results: In this study, one risk factor was found in 76% of the participants, and Obesity was found in 29% and 30% respectively in male and female participants. Central obesity was found higher in females 61% than in males 35%. Male participants had been found to have a higher systolic blood pressure than females 40% and 22% respectively. Cholesterol and blood sugar levels were found higher in 7%, triglyceride level was found higher in 35%, and HDL was less than the desired level in 26% of the population. LDL was prevalent in 6% of all the participants.
Conclusion: This study concluded that 3 risk factors were found higher in females, and 4 risk factors were found higher in males, thus making the male population more prone for affected by CVD even at an early age. In addition, all risk factors were more prevalent in people over 30 years of age. Therefore results of the study were similar to most studies done.
An Optimized eDNA Protocol for Fish Tracking in Estuarine Environments
Authors: Baidouri Fouad El , Watts Alison , Miller Jeffery T. , Kelly Muriel , Sevigny Joseph L. , Gilbert Heather , Thomas W. Kelley 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is revolutionizing how we investigate biodiversity in aquatic and terrestrial environments. It is increasingly used for detecting rare and invasive species, assessing biodiversity loss and monitoring fish communities, as it is considered a cost-effective and noninvasive approach. Some environments, however, can be challenging for eDNA analyses. Estuarine systems are highly productive, complex environments, but samples collected from these settings may exhibit PCR inhibition and a low fish read recovery. Here we present an approach for detecting fish in turbid, highly productive estuarine systems. The workflow includes bead-based extraction, inhibition removal, high fidelity and specificity DNA polymerase (Platinum SuperFi II) and multiplexing the universal MiFish primers. Applying this hybrid method to a variety of complex estuarine samples with known inhibition we have more than doubled the number of recovered fish species while removing most of the off-target amplification.
Hybrid neural network for personnel recognition and tracking in remote bidding evaluation monitoring
Authors: Zhou Zhihao , Wang Zhan , Meng Yuwei , Yu Rongdong , He Xingwei , Lu Ding , Wang Wei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Unauthorized access to the bidding evaluation office and the departure of experts can significantly compromise the quality of on-site assessment work and introduce substantial integrity risks. To address these concerns, this paper presents the development of a hybrid neural network, integrating Yolov5s, Deepsort, and Dlib to ascertain the status of person within the bidding evaluation office. Our approach is bifurcated into two primary components. Firstly, Deepsort is integrated with Yolov5s to develop a model for the detection and tracking of personnel within the evaluation office. The model detects, counts, and tracks the flow of personnel on site and assesses the presence or absence of experts. Subsequently, Yolov5s, enhanced by the Swin Transformer architecture, refines the Dlib facial recognition model, augmenting its capacity to detect and swiftly identify small faces, thereby discerning potential intruders. The experimental results demonstrate that the model is capable of effectively detecting and tracking personnel on site, recognizing novel micro-scale targets, verifying individual identities, and evaluating the status of on-site personnel. Throughout the testing phase, when juxtaposed with conventional methodologies, our model has exhibited a marked enhancement in the accuracy of detecting unauthorized entry and the absence of designated experts, enabling real-time analysis of the evaluation office's status.
Heavy Metal Concentrations in Ikere Gorge Dam Water, Iseyin, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: O Olabamiji A. , A Adejumobi C. , K Alausa S. , F Oloruntola R. , Ilori A. O , O Amao J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Climate change threatens both animal species and plants, particularly water availability and quality. Southwestern Nigeria, where the Ikere Gorge Dam is located, local water sources is the major source for daily life and agriculture, there is need to ascertain water quality. 20 water samples were collected from different dam locations, each 100–200 meters apart, 25 mL sample was digested with 5 mL of conc. HFl, followed by HNO3 and (HCl), with a dilution ratio of 3:1. The mixture was heated to 100°C for two hours, filtered into a 100 mL cylinder, and 50 mL of distilled water was added. The samples were then analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-EOS). Cadmium: 0.001 to 0.017 mg/L, Chromium: 0.001 to 0.039 mg/L, Lead: 0.006 mg/L. Mercury: 0.020 mg/L, Arsenic: 0.002 mg/L, Nickel: 0.01 to 0.07 mg/L, copper: 0.874 mg/L, Calcium: 107.951 mg/L, Iron: 17.925 mg/L and Potassium: 26.272 mg/L. 80% of the samples were higher the global acceptable limit, 3% within safe limit values, 7% percent were below the recommended value. These findings showed the need for improved water management Nigeria, the need for long-term strategies to address population growth, climate change, and clean water for every nation, in line with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 6 and 7.
Comparative Evaluation of Competency-Based and Real-Patient Education in Undergraduate Clinical Clerkships: Insights from Student Feedback and Performance
Authors: Yang Xi , Wu Qinyi , Yang Haiping , Deng Yu , Chen Feng , Zhang Zhiyong , Shen Yali , Tang Xuemei 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background
Clinical clerkships are a critical component of medical education, offering students hands-on experience in patient care and an opportunity to apply theoretical knowledge in real-world settings. Traditionally, clinical clerkships have been conducted through real-patient education (RPE), where students interact with actual patients under supervision. However, the introduction of competency-based education (CBE) has shifted the focus towards developing specific competencies through structured and often simulated learning experiences. This study aims to compare these two approaches based on student feedback and comprehensive evaluation to understand their impact on the clinical clerkship experiences of undergraduate medical students.
Methods
This study was conducted at the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Students were divided into two groups: one experiencing a CBE integrated with RPE approach and the other a traditional RPE approach. A mixed-methods research approach was employed to leverage the strengths of both quantitative and qualitative dimensions in evaluating the revised pediatric clinical clerkship curriculum. Data were analyzed to compare these two methods. The difference between mean values was calculated using Student's t-test. A P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result
Results indicate that students in the CBE group generally rated their teaching sessions higher across most metrics compared to those in the RPE group. This suggests that the CBE approach may be more effective in engaging students, enhancing their skills, and increasing overall satisfaction. Moreover, CBE increased the proportion of students scoring in the 70-89 range on tests. CBE is considered to be a helpful and necessary asset to medical clerkship education.
Conclusions
Our study shows that the demand for CBE clerkship is high. The significant differences in student feedback between the CBE and RPE approaches highlight the need for a review and improvement of teaching methods. By adopting effective practices from the more successful RPE approach and addressing the areas needing improvement, we can enhance the clinical clerkship experience, leading to better-prepared medical professionals and higher overall satisfaction.
WITHDRAWN: Study on damage characteristics and failure law of sandstone under temperature-water action
Authors: Bao Xiankai , Tian Baolong , Wang Lingyu , Qiao Jianlong , Yu Chaoyun , Huang Shunjia , Huang Yue 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In the process of tunnel construction in western China, high ground temperatures and rich groundwater are frequently encountered. To find out the damage and failure characteristics of sandstone under temperature and water effects, uniaxial compression tests were conducted at different temperatures (25°C, 55°C, 85°C, 95°C) and immersion durations (0.5 h, 1 h, 3 h). Analysis of acoustic emission (AE) signals and energy evolution during the damage and failure processes provided insights into sandstone's damage characteristics and failure mechanisms. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) The increase in immersion time led to higher water content in sandstone, enhancing its plastic deformation capacity and reducing brittleness. The maximum water content occurred at 55°C, and after 3 hours of soaking, AE signal values were lowest across all temperatures. (2) As temperature increases, under conditions of 0.5-hour and 1-hour immersion, the maximum acoustic emission (AE) ringing counts and maximum AE energy at first rise with temperature, then decrease, and later increase again. Meanwhile, cumulative AE ringing counts show a gradual upward trend. After 3 hours of immersion, at each temperature condition, the maximum AE ringing counts, maximum energy, and cumulative ringing counts show an increasing trend with rising temperature. (3) The mechanical energy profile of sandstone varied with temperature and immersion duration. Total energy and elastic energy showed non-monotonic trends relative to temperature, with minimal values recorded at 55°C. Dissipation energy exhibited a characteristic increase and subsequent decrease, peaking before the ultimate failure point at 55°C. Notably, sandstone displayed diminished energy absorption capacity after 3 hours of immersion at any temperature. (4) Damage mechanisms were predominantly influenced by immersion time and temperature. Tensile damage was identified as the primary mode, with longer immersion times notably promoting shear crack development, while elevated temperatures facilitated the propagation of tensile cracks.
Investigation of the effect of nurses’ professional values on their perceptions of good death: A cross-sectional study in Türkiye
Authors: Aksoy Fatma , Bayram Şule Bıyık , Özsaban Aysel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Background: The care of patient individuals in the good death process should be planned based on nursing values. The aim of the study is to determine nurses' perceptions of a good death and its relationship with nursing values.
Methods: The study is descriptive and cross-sectional and was completed with 210 nurses. Data were collected using the Nurse Information Form, Good Death Scale, and Revised Nursing Professional Values Scale.
Results: The nurses’ Good Death Scale total mean score was 53.52±7.11, and The Revised Nursing Professional Values Scale mean score was 97.77±15.71. There was a moderate, positive, statistically significant relationship between the nurses’ Good Death Scale total mean scores and the Revised Nursing Professional Values Scale total mean scores (r=0.522; p<0.001).
Conclusions: Value-based educational activities may be effective in helping nurses have positive perceptions about a good death.
Norcantharidin Sensitizes Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Multitherapy via Targeting the Deregulated Hedgehog Cascade
Authors: Cui Bingjie , Zhang Xin , Wang Fei , Dong Hongliang , Liu Cuilan , Chen Weiwei , Deng Jiong , Wu Yan , Du Jing 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Norcantharidin (NCTD), a demethylated analog of cantharidin, has been identified as one of potential anti-tumor drug candidates in various human neoplasms. However, the NCTD-mediated interference with multidrug-resistance development and sustenance of lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) and its underlying molecular interaction mechanisms remains undefined yet. In this study, NCTD significantly inhibited cell growth of LAD cells in a dose-dependent manner when applied alone and magnified the sensitization of LAD cells to multiple therapeutic agents. Selective repression of sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway by NCTD dramatically arrested cancer stemness development and maintenance such as the sphere formation capacities of LAD cells. Mechanistic analysis revealed that NCTD prohibited nuclear translocation of GLI1, the key terminal transcription factor of SHH cascade in LAD cells. In vivo studies confirmed that NCTD alone reduced propagation of LAD cells and enhanced the 5-FU and Osimertinib-based cancer progression inhibition while have no side effect on body weight. Taken together, our results demonstrate that NCTD represses SHH cascade-mediated cancer stemness to overcome the intrinsic resistance of LAD cells to multi-drug treatment, which implies that NCTD might be a therapeutic drug candidate that could be a de novo option to eradicate the treatment resistance against multiple therapeutic agents if co-applied in LAD treatment clinically.
The Effects of Environments and Adhesive Layer Thickness on the Failure Modes of Composite Material Bonded Joints
Authors: Yang Kang , Feng Huan , Li Pengyang , Ji Shude , Lv Zan , Liu Ziyi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

In this study, a structural adhesive was used to bond unidirectional prepreg and fiber fabric in a single lap joint. The mechanical properties of the structural adhesive were investigated under room temperature dry state (RTD) and elevated temperature wet state (ETW, 71℃/85% RH), and different adhesive layer thicknesses (0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2.0 mm). The fracture surfaces of the bonded joints were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and finite element simulations were conducted to observe the failure modes and failure paths. Additionally, the specimens were immersed in water and hydraulic oil, and their tensile shear strength was tested to evaluate their liquid sensitivity. The experimental results indicated that with increasing adhesive layer thickness, the strength of the specimens decreased by 21% in the RTD and by 52% in the ETW. The strength differences between different environments were minimal for adhesive layer thicknesses of 1 mm and 1.5 mm. The shear strength of the specimens decreased after immersion in water and hydraulic oil, with reductions of 43.78% and 39.21%, compared to the room temperature dry respectively. SEM observations of the bonded joint sections revealed that the primary failure modes were adherend failure and adhesive layer failure. Finite element simulations indicated that fiber tearing and crack initiation occurred in stress concentration areas during loading, leading to structural failure.
Sustainable development of anticancer and antidiabetic derivatives by solvent-free heterocyclization
Authors: Patil Kajal , Mane Sachin , Mohite Suhas , Kanase Dhanaji 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Herein we have developed a heterogeneous catalyst for synthesizing various anticancer and antidiabetic derivatives via heterocyclic synthesis under solvent-free conditions at mild temperatures. This approach eliminates the need for complex cleanup or column chromatography, thus minimizing waste production. Moreover, the catalyst can be recovered and reused up to multiple times without compromising product yields, demonstrating its sustainability and environmental friendliness. Additionally, we evaluated each synthetic derivative for anticancer and antidiabetic activities. Initial assays revealed that certain derivatives exhibit promising inhibition against human breast cancer cells (MCF7), suggesting their potential as lead structures for future anticancer agents. Furthermore, the synthesized derivatives were assessed for antidiabetic activity, showing superior efficacy. Notably, derivatives containing –H, –CH3, and –OCH3 substituents demonstrated excellent anticancer activity compared to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), while derivatives containing –H and –Br substituents showed notable antidiabetic activities over acarbose, highlighting their therapeutic potential. Thus, our study presents a highly effective and sustainable approach for synthesizing polyhydroquinoline derivatives, emphasizing the catalyst's dual benefits in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry applications.
In vitro and in silico analyses of cytoprotective, antigenotoxic and antimutagenic potential of Phlomis pungens var. hirta extracts against oxidative damage
Authors: KORKMAZ Franziska Johanna WILD , DOGAN Serap , KARDAS Begumhan YILMAZ , DIKEN Mehmet Emin , KARASAKAL Ömer Faruk , ACAR Mikail 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Cellular integrity depends mainly on the stability of DNA, which can be disrupted by genetic mutations and aberrations. Here, we show that the cell-protective activity and DNA damage prevention ability of Phlomis pungens var. hirta have been investigated. We found cell protective activity, healthy cell proliferation promoter activity and DNA damage preventing capacity in the controlled in vitro assays. Additionally, P. pungens was shown to possess the ability to suppress the genotoxicity of H2O2 as an antigenotoxic agent. Rutin hydrate and quercetin are the major flavonoids in P. pungens, which exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, neuro- and hepatoprotective and Aβ-oligomer reducing activities. P. pungens has shown impressive activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as strong scavenging activity against various radicals. Subsequently, in silico software tools PubChem, pkCSM and PASS Online were used for biological activity profiling and toxicity predictions of the major compounds in P. pungens. All evaluations of P. pungens could be suggested as a potential source for dietary supplements and therapeutic products.
Predicting the Impact of Climate Change on Species Distribution and Conservation Strategies of Picea neoveitchii using MaxEnt Modeling
Authors: Xue Ninghan , Li Kaiyuan , Chen Kexin , Li Panpan , Ji Xinmiao , Ma Zhilin , Ji Wenli 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Picea neoveitchii Mast., an endemic and rare species in China, classified as Critically Endangered (CR) in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, holds significant research value due to its unique biological characteristics, which are crucial for plant taxonomy and the conservation of the genus Picea. Despite its excellent timber quality and high ornamental value, it has not been widely used and well protected. In this scientific investigation, MaxEnt modeling was employed to assess the optimal distribution range, influential variables, and the current conservation posture of P. neoveitchii, along with projections into potential future climatic contexts. This approach provides a rigorous scientific foundation upon which conservation strategies can be formulated and refined. During the research process, we enhanced the prediction accuracy of the model by conducting field surveys on species distribution, eliminating redundant distribution data, and removing some environmental data with high correlation coefficients. The results indicate that Minimum Temperature of the Coldest Month, Annual Precipitation, Temperature Seasonality, and Altitude are the key factors influencing the distribution of P. neoveitchii. Under different climate scenarios, the suitable area of P. neoveitchii shifts northwestward. Under SSP2-4.5、ssp5-5.8 scenario, the suitable area decreases in all periods. Under SSP1-2.6 scenario, the suitable area decreases, except the period from 2080 to 2100, which sightly increases. The proportion of habitat within natural reserves increases. These findings are of great significance for conservation strategies and provide valuable references for future forest management and protection efforts.
Computer Analysis of the Structure of Ag Nanoparticles Obtained by Vacuum- Thermal Synthesis
Authors: Gafner Yury , Ryzhkova Darya , Gafner Svetlana , Redel Larisa , Poletaev Gennady 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

One of the ways to create plasmonic nanoparticles is through a physical method of synthesizing by thermal evaporation in a vacuum, which was chosen for analysis through computer modeling. Experimental data on the initial and annealed silver nanoparticles obtained in this manner were studied. It was found that small Ag nanoparticles (D < 3.5 nm) exhibited nearly ideal FCC structure, while larger nanoparticles unexpectedly showed predominantly icosahedral or decahedral modifications. To assess the mechanisms behind these experimental results, a study on the stability of Ag nanocluster structures with diameters D = 2.0–10.0 nm was conducted using molecular dynamics. Based on computer analysis of synthesis processes, subsequent cooling of Ag nanoparticles, and their thermal annealing, it was demonstrated that the theoretical discrepancy in the structure of experimentally obtained nanoparticles could only be explained by significant deformation of small Ag nanoparticles occurring during their deposition on a substrate in a liquid state. Possible ways to control the structure of Ag nanoparticles were identified. The regularities identified through computer modeling can be utilized in the preparation of Ag nanoparticles using physical synthesis methods.