bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partner Abuse Worldwide
Authors: Esquivel-Santoveña Esteban Eugenio , Lambert Teri L. , Hamel John 
Published: March 2013

Research on partner abuse has lagged in much of the world where attention has been on other problems (such as famine and war) and other crimes against women (e.g., honor killings, genital mutilation). We conducted a sweeping review of scholarly articles published in peer-reviewed journals and by government agencies outside of the United States and English-speaking developed nations that provided quantitative data on physical, psychological, and sexual abuse of intimate partners as well as consequences, risk factors, and attitudes. One hundred sixty-two articles reporting on more than 200 studies in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and Europe met the inclusion criteria from various types of samples. Most of the studies reported on female victimization only, but 73 reported on both male and female victimization.We also conducted an analysis of data from our literature review, including 1 major cross-national study, to determine the relationship among prevalence of abuse, social factors, and women’s empowerment. Results indicate that partner abuse is a widespread problem around the world, with multiple causes. Overall prevalence of abuse is higher in Third World countries compared to the United States, and rates for physical and psychological abuse are comparable across gender in most countries when all types of samples are considered. No significant association was found between rates of partner violence (PV) and a nation’s level of human development. However, a significant relationship was found between a nation’s level of gender empowerment and rates of PV by both males and females but only for university dating samples from the International Dating Violence Study (IDVS). In addition, an analysis of the IDVS indicates that efforts by 1 partner to dominate the other are positively correlated with physical abuse perpetration for women, but not for men. Among the limitations of this review was the relatively few numbers of large population studies that ask about both male and female perpetration and victimization and the consequences and context of PV. Implications of the findings include the need for a broader conceptualization of PV as not merely a gender problem but also (and perhaps primarily) a human problem.
Living the HSE Vision and Values - Delivering success in an Environment of Significant Change; inside and outside the Organization
Authors: Siokos George , Karish John 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Ensco plc is an international drilling contractor which has experienced significant growth since its creation only 25 years ago to its current position as the second largest offshore drilling organization worldwide. It has recently doubled its size through the acquisition of another similarly sized drilling organization.
Despite this significant growth, and while being challenged by many issues from inside such as integration, and from the outside such as having to do business in a difficult market and in many different national cultures, it has achieved acknowledged excellent performance. Ensco plc was voted as the number one performer by major operators in an independent customer survey in 2010 and in 2011.
What processes and leadership has Ensco utilized to achieve this?
This paper will describe these processes and the leadership that has driven this success. They are not new; what Ensco has done is integrate existing and well known concepts in a way that has led to this success.
They involve an unshakeable belief in Ensco's Vision and Core Values, visible leadership that understands it and the organization has to continual change to adapt to an ever changing world. Its leadership also acts on making the Vision and Core Values come to life, a drive for consistent use of systems, and a belief and a preparedness to invest in the development of its people in competencies critical for its long term success.
These things underpin the creation of an organizational culture where people are more likely to accept the accountability and responsibility to do their personal best.
We will describe how the above was achieved and the steps followed to ensure sustainable performance. Key considerations in the strategy, whether consciously adopted or ortherwise by virture of the leadership programs exposed to Ensco's people included.
Application of Targeted Bit Speed (TBS) Technology to Optimize Bakken Shale Drilling
Authors: Bassarath Wendell D , Maranuk Christopher A. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Since 2010, shale drilling in the North Dakota sector of the Bakken has seen an industry changeover to long laterals (&gt; 7,500 ft) with the majority being closer to 10,000 ft. These longer laterals require a tremendous engineering effort and create several issues with hole cleaning, ledging and reduced rate of penetration. In order to improve performance in these laterals, operators have long been looking for an economic alternative to rotary steerable systems, while maintaining their inherent benefits.
A new system to achieve 3D directional control has been developed to improve drilling efficiency using Targeted Bit Speed (TBS) technology. The system uses a conventional positive displacement motor with a bent housing and a measurement-whiledrilling (MWD) tool that mimics many of the features offered by a rotary steerable system. The steering technique is achieved by accurately modulating the flow of the drilling fluid through the drillstring. This allows rapid variations in the drilling parameters to accurately control the bit speed along the desired toolface setting. If the wellbore objectives cannot be achieved in rotary mode using TBS technology, then the mud motor can be oriented in a conventional manner to follow the well plan.
This paper examines the results of two horizontal wells drilled in North Dakota. The first well was drilled to the planned total depth (TD) using TBS technology; the second well (not using TBS technology) had to be terminated prematurely, due to high torque and drag. This paper focuses on showing the improvement in the drilling process that this new technology offers by way of key metrics, such as reduced drilling time and improved wellbore geometry, with consequent cost savings.
Exploration and Appraisal Drilling Operations in the South Atlantic
Authors: Jenner J. W. , Morrison A. , Lyons R. , Phillips L. , McBean l. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The paper describes how the teamwork and continuity provided by utilising a drilling project management company based in Aberdeen and a single drilling contractor enabled two small UK operating companies, with limited in-house operational resources, to conduct offshore drilling campaigns in an area remote from established support centres.
It will summarise the geological conditions encountered in the North Falklands Basin and discuss the drilling engineering and well planning. It will also discuss the importance of the logistics planning and supply chain management, which included the enhancement of limited onshore support facilities in Port Stanley and the introduction of industry standard safe operating procedures. The paper will also review the day to day drilling operations and interaction with the local authorities.
On Saturday 17 March 2012, the Ocean Guardian semi-submersible drilling unit returned to Invergordon on the Cromarty Firth at the end of an 8000 mile ocean tow from the South Atlantic. The rig left the firth in November 2009 to make the journey south, arriving on its first location north of the Falkland Islands in February 2010. In the intervening period it successfully worked for three different operators, drilling nine exploration wells (including one in the southern basin) and seven appraisal wells, two of which were tested, discovering and delineating the Sea Lion oil field. Water depths, with the one exception in the southern basin, were up to 450m.
The paper will demonstrate that with detailed and careful planning, inclusive management and modern communications technology, drilling operations in remote locations can be conducted safely and efficiently.
Torsional Resonance - An Understanding Based on Field and Laboratory Tests with Latest Generation Point-the-Bit Rotary Steerable System
Authors: Lines L. A. , Stroud D. R. , Coveney V. A. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Torsional dynamics can be extremely damaging to downhole drilling tools and can significantly affect drilling efficiency. Industry focus on combating this has led to the development of various downhole mitigation tools, improved bit technologies, BHA designs and better management of drilling parameters. The aforementioned focus primarily on combating stick-slip, or at least the conventional form of it, with its distinctive stick and slip phases.
This paper outlines two lesser known types of torsional dynamics observed whilst drilling inter-bedded carbonate formations in the middle-east with the latest generation in point-the-bit Rotary Steerable Systems (RSS). One of these phenomena has the potential to be extremely damaging, more so than conventional stick-slip, and is of such high frequency that conventional logging rates are incapable of detecting it.
This paper highlights the presence of a low frequency (&lt;0.5Hz) and a high frequency (~70Hz) periodic oscillation in rpm observed using one of the industries most advanced downhole dynamics sensors. The low frequency oscillation was found to occur at the fundamental torsional natural frequency of the drillstring, with RPM fluctuating harmonically by as much as three times the average surface rpm. The high frequency torsional oscillation, attributed to a torsional resonance within the bottom hole assembly (BHA) itself, resulted in extremely damaging high frequency, high magnitude (10,000rad/s2) torsional oscillations. The loading environment resulting from this high frequency torsional resonance has the ability to fatigue downhole tools in a matter of hours!
This paper outlines findings from both field and laboratory tests, attempting to better understand both the low and high frequency torsional phenomenon. This paper goes one step further than existing literature by attibuting the high frequency torsional oscillations to structural resonances within the BHA. This is substantiated both analytically and experimentally. Understanding the underlying characteristics of these phenomena paves the way for new, more effective, prevention systems.
The paper concludes with the development of a unique sensor which monitors subtle changes in the industry standard Stick-slip Index to detect different torsional dynamic modes in realtime and send a text based description and severity rating to surface.
Automated Decision Support to Enhance While-Drilling Decision Making: Where Does it fit Within Drilling Automation?
Authors: Sadlier Andreas , Says Ian , Hanson Ryan 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Our industry has been advancing drilling automation concepts to increase safety, reduce drilling risk, and improve the overall repeatability of the drilling process. At the same time, increased drilling costs, available expertise shortage, and safety-related issues with personnel at the wellsite, have prompted the need to provide interpretation and advice remotely.
Remote centers enable subject matter experts (SMEs) to work on multiple, geographically dispersed wellsite operations concurrently without having to be on location. These centers facilitate the ability of multiple experts to assemble quickly and collaborate to solve complex challenges without adding the HS&E risk of additional personnel at the wellsite. However, the increased volume of information available from technologies like wired-pipe, combined with the shortage of experienced SMEs to quickly interpret datasets, create new challenges.
Digital oilfield applications have challenged operators and service providers to leverage remote capabilities to aggregate huge data volumes and provide expert knowledge for multiple operations. Focusing attention of personnel on the most important information to make accurate and timely decisions requires new techniques. New systems require automation so that risk recognition and advice can be automatically delivered to the right experts to streamline while-drilling decision-making.
New cased-based reasoning technologies can compare the current drilling situation to similar previous case histories where problems occurred. This real-time decision automation enables identification of similar events that led to drilling problems on similar wells drilled in the past. From those historical cases, similar solutions are presented to avoid potential drilling problems before they occur. This while-drilling response provides the automated real-time connection between previous experiences and current operations that reduce drilling risk and ensure greater repeatability.
A case history is presented on the use of case-based reasoning to enhance automated advice by identifying hazardous situations in advance that enabled successful corrective action implementation.
Accounting for Lost Circulation and NAF Compressibility - Impacts on Cement Placement
Authors: Shine J. M. , Chaudhary S. A. , Felio A. J. , Martin R. S. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Most cementing simulators do not account for lost circulation events or the compression/expansion behavior of non-aqueous fluids (NAF) during cement placement. As a result, their output can be unreliable, resulting in potentially poor recommendations and operational performance – in potentially critical well-cementing situations. When isolating potential flow zones and/or performing zonal isolation in high-temperature/high-pressure (HT/HP) and/or deepwater environments for example, accounting for lost circulation and compressibility of non-aqueous fluids can make the difference between a successful cementing operation and a very expensive failure. In addition, overall reliability compared to existing simulators is improved operationally and technically assuring the objectives of the cement placement can be met while complying with new regulations as they can apply to zonal isolation.
This paper will explain the theory and methods behind the advanced cementing simulator inputs and resultant outputs with case histories demonstrating some of the field validation of the new simulator's reliability. Also, existing technology in the simulator will be highlighted summarizing the robust package available to meet the objectives of cementing job placement in light of recent industry changing events.
Case Study of Rotating Expandable Reamer Across Whipstock and Drilling Ahead over 8,000 ft Reduces Drilling Time
Authors: Radford S , Desselle S , Enterline D , Allain M , Oliveire J , Pearl B , Palmer J 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
In today's oil and gas industry, reducing drilling time and cost has become more and more important as wells have been drilled deeper and costs have risen. This paper will describe a case study of a well drilled in the Main Pass area of the Gulf of Mexico for a major operator. In this job, in order to eliminate a trip and significantly reduced costs, it was required to rotate a bottomhole assembly (BHA), including an expandable reamer, across a whipstock.
This well contained several unusual challenges that will be described, including a shallow kick off and a subsequent extended-hole section to reach a proposed total depth (TD) in excess of 10,000 ft, drilling through sand and shale.
The paper will describe the team process, coordination and communication required between the operator and service companies to make this unique job successful. Offsets will be compared with respect to drilling dysfunction, vibrations, time, costs, and the like.
To reduce cost and non-productive time (NPT), it was decided to forgo drilling a long rathole out of the whipstock and proceed immediately with reaming on the next trip in. This approach required rotating the closed reamer across the whipstock, necessitating a series of analyses to limit the risk while performing this unusual feat. Extra trips were eliminated by using innovative well planning, procuring downhole tools with reputation of toughness and reliability, and finally requiring excellent cooperation between all involved parties. This job was confirmed to have saved the operator 29 hours of rig time and in excess of $250,000, while reducing the drilling plan by two days.
Macondo Litigation and its Impact on the Offshore Industry -- What Every Operator, Driller, Service and Supply Company Needs to Know
Authors: Moomjian C. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
Macondo is a "game changer" that will substantially impact the oil and gas industry from an operational, contractual and risk management perspective.
Decisions in the Macondo litigation that is pending in a U.S. District Court in New Orleans will impact operators, drillers, service and supply companies in respect of pollution liability in general and contractual indemnity/release provisions in particular.
This paper primarily reviews and analyzes landmark Court decisions on summary judgment motions regarding interpretation, applicability and enforceability of the indemnification provisions and releases in the drilling and cementing contracts that were applicable to the Macondo well.
In January 2012 rulings on summary judgment motions involving the drilling and cementing contracts, the Court determined that contractual indemnification may apply even in the event of gross negligence or strict liability but will not be applicable to protect a party against intentional wrongdoing as a matter of public policy. The Court also ruled that the scope of indemnification excludes punitive damages as a matter of public policy. The Court held that contractual indemnification may apply to protect an indemnified party from penalties assessed under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 ("OPA'90") but not under the Clean Water Act ("CWA"). The Court deferred ruling on whether a material breach of contract would invalidate indemnity protection. In the decision relating to the cementing contract, the Court also ruled that indemnities will be invalidated by fraudulent acts that constitute intentional wrongdoing and deferred ruling on whether penalties or fines under the Outer Continental Shelf Act ("OCSLA") are subject to contractual indemnity.
This paper reviews these rulings in detail and includes the author's commentary on the decisions and the interpretation (or, perhaps more accurately, misinterpretation) of certain of the drilling contract provisions based upon over 35 years of drilling industry experience primarily as an executive overseeing legal, contracts and risk management activities.
The Court rulings in the Macondo litigation will have a profound impact upon the offshore industry, especially with respect to contract terms, risk management and insurance. While U.S.-centric and primarily applicable to U.S. maritime law, the litigation and other ramifications of Macondo are expected to ultimately have considerable global impact both offshore and onshore.
Innovative Hybrid Bit Mitigates Geological Uncertainties, Improves Drilling Performance in Brazilian Pre-Salt Formations
Authors: Hbaieb Slim , Azar Michael , Bits Smith 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
An innovative hybrid bit design has been successfully applied offshore Brazil to mitigate geological/formation uncertainties in pre-salt formations and eliminate several trips for new bits. In the application, PDC bits can drill these carbonates effectively until the cutters are damaged by problematic chert inclusions. The hybrid bit is capable of similar ROP and run lengths as standard PDC and allows the operator to achieve a long run at high ROP when no silicate inclusions are present. However, the hybrid bit also provides the added benefit of continued drilling at reasonable ROP when a nodule is encountered with its secondary and tertiary cutting elements.
The unique hybrid design utilizes grit hot-pressed inserts combined with alternating PDC shearing elements and wedge shaped TSPs all set in an impregnated post-on-blade design. Extended bit life is achieved when the cutting mechanism changes from shearing to grinding as the PDC/TSP elements are worn away. When the PDC cutting structure is worn down to 50%, the bit still has 75% of life remaining.
The paper will focus on case studies where pre-salt carbonate lithology is non-uniform with a high occurrence of silicate inclusions. The authors will discuss drive system and drilling parameters selection that were critical to achieving the desired performance. When used with the appropriate BHA and drilling parameters, the hybrid bit displayed good ROP performance and total footage capabilities. Lower cost/meter was achieved because the hybrid bit had faster initial ROP compared to PDC and stayed on bottom drilling longer due to improved durability with TSP then impregnated cutting structures. Cuttings size and resulting lithology analysis will also be discussed. Engineers are currently working on a real-time surface/downhole data processing system to detect when the impregnated cutting structure engages formation in order to make changes in operating parameters to maximize drilling efficiency and penetration rates.
The Application of UBD and MPD Techniques to Solve Challenges and Optimize Drilling in the Quintuco and Vaca Muerta Formations in the Neuquén Basin
Authors: Leon Ricardo , Benedetti Juan , Poletzky Isabel C. , Gomez Vicent Nemesio E. 
Published: March 2013

Abstract
The Neuquén basin is located in the Neuquén province in Argentina and comprises the Loma La Lata, Bajo Añelo, and Orejano fields (Fig. 1). The target formations in this project are the Quintuco and Vaca Muerta, which are composed of limestones and marlstones, respectively. Formation pressures range from 1.25 g/cm3 to 1.75 g/cm3 in the Quintuco and up to 2.20 g/cm3 in the Vaca Muerta. Abnormal pressure gradients have been encountered at relatively shallow depths. These characteristics present several challenges when using conventional techniques to drill through these formations, including kicks, fluid losses and associated formation damage, and wellbore instability in the marlstones, all resulting in increased nonproductive time (NPT).
The implementation of underbalanced (UBD) and managed-pressure drilling (MPD) techniques has enabled safe production of the hydrocarbon reserves in the Neuquén basin fields. These techniques allow for the immediate adjustment of bottomhole pressure (BHP) when a change in the formation pressure is detected by increasing or decreasing the applied surface-back pressure (SBP) and safely controlling hydrocarbon production to the desired volume at surface. A pressurized closed-loop system, which includes a rotating control device (RCD), choke manifold, 3-phase separation system, and data-acquisition system, enables precise control of bottomhole pressure.
Fourteen wells have been drilled in the Neuquén basin, using UBD and MPD techniques. This paper describes the implementation of these techniques when drilling the 8-½-in. and 6-1/8-in. sections, along with results, including the evaluation of reservoir potential while drilling, estimation of formation pressures, minimizing formation damage, as lower-density drilling fluids are being used, reduction of NPT, and being able to safely reach the planned depth. Field data is used to illustrate the challenges encountered and results obtained. Lessons learned and how the drilling process has been optimized are also discussed.