bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pragmatic method for electronic medical record-based observational studies: developing an electronic medical records retrieval system for clinical research
Authors: Yamamoto Keiichi , Sumi Eriko , Yamazaki Toru , Asai Keita , Yamori Masashi , Teramukai Satoshi , Bessho Kazuhisa , Yokode Masayuki , Fukushima Masanori 
Published: November 2012

ObjectiveThe use of electronic medical record (EMR) data is necessary to improve clinical research efficiency. However, it is not easy to identify patients who meet research eligibility criteria and collect the necessary information from EMRs because the data collection process must integrate various techniques, including the development of a data warehouse and translation of eligibility criteria into computable criteria. This research aimed to demonstrate an electronic medical records retrieval system (ERS) and an example of a hospital-based cohort study that identified both patients and exposure with an ERS. We also evaluated the feasibility and usefulness of the method.DesignThe system was developed and evaluated.ParticipantsIn total, 800 000 cases of clinical information stored in EMRs at our hospital were used.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe feasibility and usefulness of the ERS, the method to convert text from eligible criteria to computable criteria, and a confirmation method to increase research data accuracy.ResultsTo comprehensively and efficiently collect information from patients participating in clinical research, we developed an ERS. To create the ERS database, we designed a multidimensional data model optimised for patient identification. We also devised practical methods to translate narrative eligibility criteria into computable parameters. We applied the system to an actual hospital-based cohort study performed at our hospital and converted the test results into computable criteria. Based on this information, we identified eligible patients and extracted data necessary for confirmation by our investigators and for statistical analyses with our ERS.ConclusionsWe propose a pragmatic methodology to identify patients from EMRs who meet clinical research eligibility criteria. Our ERS allowed for the efficient collection of information on the eligibility of a given patient, reduced the labour required from the investigators and improved the reliability of the results.
Can manual ability be measured with a generic ABILHAND scale? A cross-sectional study conducted on six diagnostic groups
Authors: Arnould Carlyne , Vandervelde Laure , Batcho Charles Sèbiyo , Penta Massimo , Thonnard Jean-Louis 
Published: November 2012

ObjectivesSeveral ABILHAND Rasch-built manual ability scales were previously developed for chronic stroke (CS), cerebral palsy (CP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc) and neuromuscular disorders (NMD). The present study aimed to explore the applicability of a generic manual ability scale unbiased by diagnosis and to study the nature of manual ability across diagnoses.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingOutpatient clinic homes (CS, CP, RA), specialised centres (CP), reference centres (CP, NMD) and university hospitals (SSc).Participants762 patients from six diagnostic groups: 103 CS adults, 113 CP children, 112 RA adults, 156 SSc adults, 124 NMD children and 124 NMD adults.Primary and secondary outcome measuresManual ability as measured by the ABILHAND disease-specific questionnaires, diagnosis and nature (ie, uni-manual or bi-manual involvement and proximal or distal joints involvement) of the ABILHAND manual activities.ResultsThe difficulties of most manual activities were diagnosis dependent. A principal component analysis highlighted that 57% of the variance in the item difficulty between diagnoses was explained by the symmetric or asymmetric nature of the disorders. A generic scale was constructed, from a metric point of view, with 11 items sharing a common difficulty among diagnoses and 41 items displaying a category-specific location (asymmetric: CS, CP; and symmetric: RA, SSc, NMD). This generic scale showed that CP and NMD children had significantly less manual ability than RA patients, who had significantly less manual ability than CS, SSc and NMD adults. However, the generic scale was less discriminative and responsive to small deficits than disease-specific instruments.ConclusionsOur finding that most of the manual item difficulties were disease-dependent emphasises the danger of using generic scales without prior investigation of item invariance across diagnostic groups. Nevertheless, a generic manual ability scale could be developed by adjusting and accounting for activities perceived differently in various disorders.
Stakeholder perspectives on handovers between hospital staff and general practitioners: an evaluation through the microsystems lens
Authors: Göbel Beryl , Zwart Dorien , Hesselink Gijs , Pijnenborg Loes , Barach Paul , Kalkman Cor , Johnson Julie K 
Published: November 2012

BackgroundMuch of the research on improving patient handovers has focused on enhancing communication within the hospital system, but there have been relatively few efforts aimed at addressing the challenges at the interface between the hospital and the primary care setting.MethodsA qualitative thematic analysis using a clinical microsystems lens applied to 28 semi-structured key stakeholder interviews in the Netherlands. Data were organised into seven ‘virtual’ clinical microsystem datasets composed of patients, hospital-based physicians, hospital-based nurses and community-based general practitioners.ResultsFive themes that contributed to effective or ineffective handovers emerged from our analysis: (1) lack of adequate information; (2) healthcare professionals’ availability and opportunity for personal contact; (3) feedback, teaching and protocols related to handovers; (4) information technology facilitated communication solutions; and (5) the role and responsibility of patients. Our analysis suggests that each healthcare professional attempted to provide the best care possible, but did this largely in isolation, and without the benefit of the knowledge and expertise of the other members of the microsystem.ConclusionsThe microsystem approach offers an innovative organisational construct and approach to assess the gaps in ‘hospital to community’ patient handovers, by viewing the hospital to the community interface as a clinical microsystem continuum. Our application of the microsystem approach confirms and extends earlier findings about the impact of barriers on the continuity and safety of patient transitions and their impact on the quality of patient care.
Searching for the missing pieces between the hospital and primary care: mapping the patient process during care transitions
Authors: Johnson Julie K , Farnan Jeanne M , Barach Paul , Hesselink Gijs , Wollersheim Hub , Pijnenborg Loes , Kalkman Cor , Arora Vineet M ,   on behalf of the HANDOVER Research Collaborative
Published: November 2012

BackgroundSafe patient transitions depend on effective communication and a functioning care coordination process. Evidence suggests that primary care physicians are not satisfied with communication at transition points between inpatient and ambulatory care, and that communication often is not provided in a timely manner, omits essential information, or contains ambiguities that put patients at risk.ObjectiveOur aim was to demonstrate how process mapping can illustrate current handover practices between ambulatory and inpatient care settings, identify existing barriers and facilitators to effective transitions of care, and highlight potential areas for quality improvement.MethodsWe conducted focus group interviews to facilitate a process mapping exercise with clinical teams in six academic health centres in the USA, Poland, Sweden, Italy, Spain and the Netherlands.FindingsAt a high level, the process of patient admission to the hospital through the emergency department, inpatient care, and discharge back in the community were comparable across sites. In addition, the process maps highlighted similar barriers to providing information to primary care physicians, inaccurate or incomplete information on referral and discharge, a lack of time and priority to collaborate with counterpart colleagues, and a lack of feedback to clinicians involved in the handovers.ConclusionsProcess mapping is effective in bringing together key stakeholders and makes explicit the mental models that frame their understanding of the clinical process. Exploring the barriers and facilitators to safe and reliable patient transitions highlights opportunities for further improvement work and illustrates ideas for best practices that might be transferrable to other settings.
Pelvic differences between brachycephalic and mesaticephalic cats and indirect pelvimetry assessment
Authors: Monteiro C. L. B. , Campos A. I. M. , Madeira V. L. H. , Silva H. V. R. , Freire L. M. P. , Pinto J. N. , de Souza L. P. , da Silva L. D. M. 
Published: November 2012

Pelvic measurements were carried out in cats with various cranial conformations to (1) determine pelvic morphometry, (2) compare any pelvic differences with cranial conformation and gender and (3) determine whether body biometrics can be used to predict pelvic measurements. Thirteen brachycephalic and 14 mesaticephalic female cats and 17 brachycephalic and nine mesaticephalic male cats were used. Body and external pelvic measurements, as well as pelvic radiographs, were performed. Brachycephalic females all had external pelvic and radiographic measurements that were significantly smaller than those of the mesaticephalic females, including smaller pelvic inlet and outlet areas and a smaller pelvic canal shape. Brachycephalic females had wider and flatter heads than do mesaticephalic females. Similarly, brachycephalic males all have radiographic pelvic measurements that are smaller than those of mesaticephalic males. Males had larger pelvis measurements than did their female counterparts for both cranial types, and indirect pelvimetry did not demonstrate good predictive value in determining the internal pelvic measurements. Thus, we conclude that pelvic differences exist between genders and between brachycephalic and mesaticephalic cats. Furthermore, body biometric measurements do not have good predictive value for determining internal pelvic measurements.
INVESTIGATION OF TEAR-OUT BEHAVIOR OF SMALL INTESTINAL ANASTOMOSES INTRODUCING A NEW STANDARDIZATION OF THE MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE
Authors: GESTER K. , VON TROTHA K.-T. , BUTZ N. , NEUMANN U. P. , SCHMITZ-RODE T. , STEINSEIFER U. 
Published: November 2012

Purpose: The goal of the study was to investigate the influence of independently varied parameters on the tear-out force of small intestinal anastomoses of abattoir pigs using methods which provide a high grade of standardization and reproducibility. Methods: The tear-out force of sutured small intestine tissue was recorded, while independently varying the thread type (I), the number of stitches (II), the stitch-to-stitch distance (III), and the stitch to sample-edge distance (IV). Results: The tear-out force was shown to be significantly higher when using Vicryl 3-0 in comparison to PDS II 3-0, the significance being highest for small numbers of stitches. Given a fixed number of stitches, small stitch-to-stitch (stitch-to-edge) distances <~5.0 mm yield a significantly lower tear-out force than larger stitch-to-stitch distances. Conclusion: Standardization of methods used in the investigation of anastomoses of the small intestine is desirable and shown to be possible. Significant dependence of the tear-out force on some of the investigated parameters can be observed.
Silicic pyroclastic deposits at the base of the Paleogene Skye Lava Field: Evidence from An Carnach, Strathaird Peninsula
Authors: Drake S.M. , Beard A. D. 
Published: November 2012

Synopsis

Silicic pyroclastic deposits, attributed to two discrete volcanic phases, are reported from a basal sequence of the Paleogene Skye Lava Field, NW Scotland. Phase 1 comprises relict silicic fall deposits that have been subsequently altered to a bed of K-bentonite. These fall deposits pre-date a thick (
c
. 70 m) sequence of basaltic plateau lavas and a later underlying tholeiitic sill. The K-bentonite bed has a fabric that strongly resembles that of eutaxitic welded ignimbrite.

Phase 2 comprises both basic and silicic ignimbrites that post-date the lowermost plateau lavas. The nature of these distinct ignimbrite lithofacies can be used to infer that eruption parameters, such as chemistry, intensity and flux output, underwent temporal variations.
The recognition of these two phases of pyroclastic volcanism has major implications for the established sequence of the Skye Lava Field and gives important new insights into the nature of these Paleogene eruptions.
Historic specimen is not a tetrapod trackway with tail-drag from the Upper Old Red Sandstone of Tarbat Ness, Easter Ross, Scotland
Authors: Trewin N. H. 
Published: November 2012

Synopsis
A specimen labelled as part of a tetrapod trackway with an apparent sinusoidal tail-drag mark in the museum collection at Dunrobin Castle, Golspie, is identified as part of the ‘lost’ nineteenth-century collection made by the Revs Campbell and Joass in 1862 at Tarbat Ness east of Tain, Easter Ross. On the basis of further examination it is concluded that the ‘tail-drag’ is probably an invertebrate horizontal burrow.
Tectonic and sedimentary response to subduction and incipient continental collision in southern Cyprus, easternmost Mediterranean region
Authors: Kinnaird Tim , Robertson Alastair 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

Evidence mainly from Neogene–Recent sedimentary units and penetrative structures (faults and folds) is used to constrain stress regimes in Cyprus. Following
c.
south-vergent folding/thrusting, a regional change to extension activated several depocentres during the Late Miocene–Early Pliocene. Fault analysis establishes that kinematic linkages existed between the four Late Miocene basins in southern and western Cyprus. During Late Pliocene(?)–Early Pleistocene time there was a switch to
c.
east–west left-lateral strike-slip/transpression and fault reactivation. Late Pleistocene growth folding in western coastal Cyprus is explained by reactivation of extensional faults in a left-lateral stress regime. The timing of neotectonic faulting/folding in several areas is constrained by optically stimulated luminescence dating. Existing tectonic models involving north–south collision, left-lateral strike-slip and post-collisional suture tightening are problematic in certain respects. A new model is proposed in which Late Miocene extensional basin formation relates to northward subduction coupled with rollback of the African plate. Subduction culminated in collision of the Eratosthenes Seamount, the leading edge of the African plate, with the Cyprus active margin (
c.
3 Ma). This initiated regional uplift focused on the Troodos Massif. Cyprus was by then coupled with Anatolia as it escaped westwards towards the Aegean subduction zone, giving rise to dominantly strike-slip-related structures in southern Cyprus during the Late Pliocene–Recent.
Constraints on Variscan and Cimmerian magmatism and metamorphism in the Pontides (Yusufeli–Artvin area), NE Turkey from U–Pb dating and granite geochemistry
Authors: Ustaömer Timur , Robertson Alastair H. F. , Ustaömer P. Ayda , Gerdes Axel , Peytcheva Irena 
Published: November 2012

Abstract

Metamorphic and igneous rocks exposed in NW-vergent thrust sheets and their autocthonous basement in the NE Pontides were dated by the U–Pb method using zircons, supported by geochemical data for granitic rocks. Two meta-sedimentary units (Narlık schist and Karadağ paragneiss) yielded detrital zircon populations of 0.50–0.65 and 0.9–1.1 Ga, suggesting an affinity with NE Africa (part of Gondwana). The youngest concordant zircon age is Ediacaran for the schist but Devonian for the paragneiss, bracketing the paragneiss depositional age as Mid-Devonian to Early Carboniferous. Metamorphic rims of zircon cores in the paragneiss gave Carboniferous ages (345–310 Ma). The zircon rim data indicate two Variscan metamorphic events (334 and 314 Ma) separated by a hiatus (320–325 Ma). Granite emplacement took place during early Carboniferous, Early Jurassic and Late Jurassic phases. The crystallization age of the early Carboniferous granites (
c.
325 Ma) corresponds to a hiatus in the zircon age data that could reflect subduction slab break-off. The Variscan granitic rocks intruded a Gondwana-derived continental terrane that was loosely accreted to Eurasia during early–late Carboniferous time but remained isolated from Eurasian-derived terrigenous sediment. In contrast, the Jurassic granitic magmatism relates to later back-arc extension along the southern margin of Eurasia.

Supplementary material:

Full isotope data (8 tables) are available at
www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18558
CD40-Mediated Activation of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells Promotes Their CD44-Dependent Adhesion to Hyaluronan and Restricts CCL21-Induced Motility
Authors: Girbl Tamara , Hinterseer Elisabeth , Grössinger Eva Melanie , Asslaber Daniela , Oberascher Karin , Weiss Lukas , Hauser-Kronberger Cornelia , Neureiter Daniel , Kerschbaum Hubert , Naor David , Alon Ronen , Greil Richard , Hartmann Tanja Nicole 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Microenvironmental interactions are crucial for the survival and proliferation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. CD4+ T cells that express CD40 ligand (CD40L), along with other accessory immune and stromal cells within CLL lymph nodes, provide signals needed for activation and outgrowth of the tumor clone. Furthermore, correct positioning of CLL cells within lymphoid subcompartments is essential for the transmission of these supportive signals. Thereby, interstitial cell migration and adhesion events, influenced by activational stimuli, determine CLL cell localization. CD44 has been implicated in cell activation, migration, and tissue retention via binding to its extracellular matrix ligand hyaluronan (HA). In this study, we investigated the role of CD44–HA interactions for CLL positioning and interaction with supportive microenvironments in peripheral lymph nodes, focusing on its regulation via CD40L-dependent, T-cell–mediated activation of CLL cells. We found that hyaluronan triggered a robust CCL21-induced motility of resting CLL cells. However, CD40L stimulation promoted the firm, CD44-mediated adhesion of CLL cells to hyaluronan, antagonizing their motile behavior. N-linked glycosylations of CD44, particularly associated with the variant isoform CD44v6 after CD40L activation, seemed to facilitate hyaluronan recognition by CD44. We propose that the CD40L–CD40 signaling axis provides a stop signal to motile CLL cells within lymph node compartments by inducing high avidity CD44–HA adhesion. This might retain CLL cells close to T-cell stimuli and facilitate essential interactions with hyaluronan-bearing stromal cells, collectively promoting CLL cell proliferation and survival. Cancer Res; 73(2); 561–70. ©2012 AACR.
ABL Regulation by AXL Promotes Cisplatin Resistance in Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Hong Jun , Peng DunFa , Chen Zheng , Sehdev Vikas , Belkhiri Abbes 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is characterized by resistance to chemotherapy and poor outcome. Although cisplatin (CDDP) has been used as a first-line therapy in patients with EAC, resistance remains a major clinical problem. The AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, originally isolated as a transforming gene from leukemia, is overexpressed in several solid tumors. Herein, we assessed AXL protein expression in human EACs and examined its role in CDDP resistance in human EAC cells. AXL overexpression was detected in more than 50% of tumors examined. Elevating AXL in nonoverexpressing cells doubled the CDDP IC50 and increased cell survival three-fold, while attenuating AXL in overexpressing cells reduced survival two-fold. The effects of AXL modulation on cell survival were associated with changes in cellular and molecular markers of apoptosis. Mechanistic investigations revealed that AXL blocked CDDP-induced activation of endogenous p73β (TP73), reducing its protein half-life, and inhibited CDDP-induced levels of p-c-ABL(Y412) and p-p73β(Y99). These changes were associated with a disruption of c-ABL/p73β protein interactions due to association with c-ABL in the cytoplasm, thereby blocking nuclear accumulation of c-ABL and phosphorylation of p73β in response to DNA damage. Together, our results establish that AXL promotes CDDP resistance in esophageal adenocarcinoma and argue that therapeutic targeting of AXL may sensitize these cancers to DNA-damaging drugs. Cancer Res; 73(1); 331–40. ©2012 AACR.
Androgen Receptor Splice Variants Mediate Enzalutamide Resistance in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Li Yingming , Chan Siu Chiu , Brand Lucas J. , Hwang Tae Hyun , Silverstein Kevin A.T. , Dehm Scott M. 
Published: November 2012

Abstract
Persistent androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional activity underlies resistance to AR-targeted therapy and progression to lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Recent success in retargeting persistent AR activity with next generation androgen/AR axis inhibitors such as enzalutamide (MDV3100) has validated AR as a master regulator during all stages of disease progression. However, resistance to next generation AR inhibitors limits therapeutic efficacy for many patients. One emerging mechanism of CRPC progression is AR gene rearrangement, promoting synthesis of constitutively active truncated AR splice variants (AR-V) that lack the AR ligand-binding domain. In this study, we show that cells with AR gene rearrangements expressing both full-length and AR-Vs are androgen independent and enzalutamide resistant. However, selective knock-down of AR-V expression inhibited androgen-independent growth and restored responsiveness to androgens and antiandrogens. In heterogeneous cell populations, AR gene rearrangements marked individual AR-V–dependent cells that were resistant to enzalutamide. Gene expression profiling following knock-down of full-length AR or AR-Vs showed that AR-Vs drive resistance to AR-targeted therapy by functioning as constitutive and independent effectors of the androgen/AR transcriptional program. Further, mitotic genes deemed previously to be unique AR-V targets were found to be biphasic targets associated with a proliferative level of signaling output from either AR-Vs or androgen-stimulated AR. Overall, these studies highlight AR-Vs as key mediators of persistent AR signaling and resistance to the current arsenal of conventional and next generation AR-directed therapies, advancing the concept of AR-Vs as therapeutic targets in advanced disease. Cancer Res; 73(2); 483–9. ©2012 AACR.
Rotation thromboelastography for the detection and characterization of lipoteichoid acid-induced activation of haemostasis in an in vitro sepsis model
Authors: Sucker C , Paniczek S , Scharf RE , Litmathe J , Hartmann M 
Published: November 2012

Objectives: In gram-positive sepsis, lipoteichoic acid (LTA) can induce alterations of haemostasis, potentially leading to disseminated intravascular coagulation. Patients and Methods: Here, we demonstrate the effects of LTA on haemostasis in an in vitro model of gram-positive sepsis based on rotation thromboelastrography (ROTEM). Results: In this model, LTA leads to time- and dose-dependent shortening of the clotting time (CT), whereas other ROTEM parameters are unaffected. Following heat shock simulation, the LTA effect was blunted with equal CTs in the presence and in the absence of LTA. In addition, the shortening of CT by LTA was inhibited by addition of the protein synthesis inhibitor. Conclusion: Our work demonstrates that the ROTEM system is capable of detecting the LTA effect on haemostasis and provides a sensitive in vitro tool for research into the links between gram-positive sepsis and coagulation.