bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crossing Borders: A Qualitative Study of How Occupational Therapy Educators and Scholars Develop and Sustain Global Partnerships
Authors: Witchger Hansen Anne Marie 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThe World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) and the American Occupational Therapy Association promote a globally connected profession that responds to the needs of our diverse societies. Global partnerships are grounded on the principle that cross‐cultural experiences are enriching and provide mutual benefits. The purpose of this study was to uncover how occupational therapy educators and scholars perceive and experience (1) developing and sustaining global partnerships and (2) lessons learned. In this qualitative study, 30 occupational therapy educators and researchers completed an online survey. Eight participated in an interview. Results found major themes that help develop and sustain partnerships: building relationship of trust and respect, communicating effectively, cultivating cultural competence, sharing power and resources with collaborators and creating a context for reciprocal learning. Lessons learned include a call to walking humbly, building relationships of trust and respect, establishing open and honest communication, supporting local solutions to local problems, ensuring equality of resources and learning from their global partners. The findings suggest that global partnerships have the potential to transform both partners if the partners engage with mutual understanding and respect. Limitations of this study include a small sample size and participant's pool limited to occupational therapists from United States. Recommendations for future research include qualitative studies to identify model occupational therapy programmes that sustain global partnerships using a diverse sample of international occupational therapy educators and researchers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐efficiency black silicon interdigitated back contacted solar cells on p‐type and n‐type c‐Si substrates
Authors: Ortega Pablo , Calle Eric , von Gastrow Guillaume , Repo Päivikki , Carrió David , Savin Hele , Alcubilla Ramón 
Published: August 2015

AbstractThis work demonstrates the high potential of Al2O3 passivated black silicon in high‐efficiency interdigitated back contacted (IBC) solar cells by reducing surface reflectance without jeopardizing surface passivation. Very low reflectance values, below 0.7% in the 300–1000 nm wavelength range, together with striking surface recombination velocities values of 17 and 5 cm/s on p‐type and n‐type crystalline silicon substrates, respectively, are reached. The simultaneous fulfillment of requirements, low reflectance and low surface recombination, paves the way for the fabrication of high‐efficiency IBC Si solar cells using black silicon at their front surface. Outstanding photovoltaic efficiencies over 22% have been achieved both in p‐type and n‐type 9‐cm2 cells. 3D simulations suggest that efficiencies of up to 24% can be obtained in the future with minor modifications in the baseline fabrication process. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parenting concerns, quality of life, and psychological distress in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Park Eliza M. , Deal Allison M. , Check Devon K. , Hanson Laura C. , Reeder‐Hayes Katherine E. , Mayer Deborah K. , Yopp Justin M. , Song Mi‐Kyung , Muriel Anna C. , Rosenstein Donald L. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectiveParents with life‐limiting illness anticipate the loss of their parental role and the long‐term consequences of their illness on their children. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between parenting concerns, quality of life (QOL), and symptoms of depression and anxiety in parents with advanced cancer who have dependent children.MethodsSixty‐three parents diagnosed with a Stage IV solid malignancy completed the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), Parenting Concerns Questionnaire (PCQ), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—General (FACT‐G). The Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (social support) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status were assessed as potential covariates. We performed descriptive statistics and multivariable linear regression models for depression, anxiety, and QOL measures.ResultsMean PCQ score was 2.3 (SD 0.9), reflecting mild to moderate parenting concerns. Average depression and anxiety scores were 6.0 (SD 4.2) and 8.2 (SD 3.9), respectively. PCQ scores were associated with depressive symptoms (r = 0.46, p < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (r = 0.52, p < 0.0001), and QOL scores (r = −0.60, p < 0.001). The relationship of PCQ scores to anxiety symptoms (B = 1.5 p = 0.016) and QOL (B = −5.7, p = 0.02) remained significant after controlling for ECOG status, social support, and treatment status.ConclusionsParenting concerns are associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms and worse QOL in parents diagnosed with advanced cancer. Further studies that evaluate how parental status affects coping and psychological distress in advanced cancer are needed.Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Why do patients choose (not) to participate in an exercise trial during adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer?
Authors: van Waart Hanna , van Harten Wim H. , Buffart Laurien M. , Sonke Gabe S. , Stuiver Martijn M. , Aaronson Neil K. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectiveOnly between 25% and 50% of patients invited to participate in clinical trial‐based physical exercise programs during cancer treatment agree to do so. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated significantly with the decision (not) to participate in a randomized controlled trial of physical exercise during adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.MethodsBased on questionnaire data, we compared trial participants and non‐participants on a range of sociodemographic, clinical health‐related, practical, behavioral, and attitudinal variables.ResultsTwo hundred thirty of 524 patients agreed to participate in the trial (44%). The 294 (56%) non‐participants indicated that they wanted to exercise on their own or that they did not wish to exercise in the context of a trial. Those who preferred to exercise on their own were relatively similar to trial participants but were more likely to be in the maintenance exercise stage. Those non‐participants who did not wish to exercise had a significantly lower level of education, were less likely to be working, reported more fatigue and lower health‐related quality of life, had lower sense of self‐efficacy, more negative attitudes towards exercise, less social support, and perceived fewer benefits and more barriers to exercising during treatment than trial participants.ConclusionMinimizing practical barriers to participation, providing educational materials on the potential benefits of exercise, and giving adequate professional and social network encouragement may increase the number of patients willing to exercise during treatment and to participate in such studies. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Associations of prognostic awareness/acceptance with psychological distress, existential suffering, and quality of life in terminally ill cancer patients' last year of life
Authors: Tang Siew Tzuh , Chang Wen‐Cheng , Chen Jen‐Shi , Chou Wen‐Chi , Hsieh Chia‐Hsun , Chen Chen H. 
Published: August 2015

AbstractPurposeWhether prognostic awareness benefits terminally ill cancer patients' psychological–existential well‐being and quality of life (QOL) is unclear because of lack of well‐controlled longitudinal studies. This study longitudinally evaluated the associations of accurate prognostic awareness and prognostic acceptance with psychological distress, existential suffering, and QOL while comprehensively controlling for confounders in Taiwanese terminally ill cancer patients' last year of life.Patients and methodsA convenience sample of 325 cancer patients was followed until death. Psychological distress and existential suffering were assessed by severe anxiety and depressive symptoms and high self‐perceived sense of burden to others, respectively. Dichotomized and continuous (QOL) outcome variables were evaluated by multivariate logistic and linear regression modeling with the generalized estimating equation, respectively.ResultsAccurate prognostic awareness was not associated with the likelihood of severe anxiety or depressive symptoms but significantly increased the likelihood of high self‐perceived sense of burden to others and was associated with poorer QOL in participants' last year of life. Participants who knew and highly accepted their prognosis were significantly less likely to experience severe anxiety symptoms than those who were unaware of or knew their prognosis but had difficulty accepting it.ConclusionKnowing one's poor prognosis and confronting one's impending death without full acceptance and adequate professional psycho‐spiritual support may harm more than benefit terminally ill cancer patients' psychological state, existential well‐being, and QOL. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring psycho‐spiritual support to cancer patients' psychological and existential needs when prognostic information is disclosed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of depression on health utility value in cancer patients
Authors: Fujisawa Daisuke , Inoguchi Hironobu , Shimoda Haruki , Yoshiuchi Kazuhiro , Inoue Shinichiro , Ogawa Asao , Okuyama Toru , Akechi Tatsuo , Mimura Masaru , Shimizu Ken , Uchitomi Yosuke 
Published: August 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe quality‐adjusted life year, which is usually calculated from the health utility value, is now a standard measurement used in political decision‐making in health. Although depression is the leading cause of decrement in health utility in general population, impact of comorbid depression among cancer patients has not been studied sufficiently. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the impact of depression on cancer patients' health utility score, according to the severity of depression.MethodsImpact of depression severity (measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire) on health utility score (measured by the EuroQoL‐5 scale) was evaluated in a sample of 328 Japanese cancer patients, controlling for performance status, symptom burden, and demographic variables.ResultsThe patients with depression had significantly lower health utility value than those without depression (mean decrement = 0.14). Decrements in health utility of 0.13, 0.18, and 0.19 were observed for mild, moderate, and moderately severe to severe level of depression, respectively. The difference was significant between groups. Depression severity was a significant predictor for health utility (standardized coefficient beta = −0.25), which was comparable with physical symptom burden and performance status. Participants' age, gender, cancer stage, and comorbid illness were not significant. The model explained 37.9% of the variance.ConclusionsEven mild level of depression caused clinically meaningful decrement in health utility value in cancer patients, which was comparable with decrements due to major physical complications of cancer. Influence of depression should be carefully investigated when interpreting the quality‐adjusted life year among cancer patients. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
False normal Lung Clearance Index in infants with cystic fibrosis due to software algorithms
Authors: Anagnostopoulou Pinelopi , Yammine Sophie , Schmidt Anne , Korten Insa , Kieninger Elisabeth , Mack Ines , Trachsel Daniel , Hafen Gaudenz , Moeller Alexander , Casaulta Carmen , Latzin Philipp 
Published: August 2015

SummaryBackgroundLung clearance index (LCI), a marker of ventilation inhomogeneity, is elevated early in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, in infants with CF, LCI values are found to be normal, although structural lung abnormalities are often detectable. We hypothesized that this discrepancy is due to inadequate algorithms of the available software package.AimOur aim was to challenge the validity of these software algorithms.MethodsWe compared multiple breath washout (MBW) results of current software algorithms (automatic modus) to refined algorithms (manual modus) in 17 asymptomatic infants with CF, and 24 matched healthy term‐born infants. The main difference between these two analysis methods lies in the calculation of the molar mass differences that the system uses to define the completion of the measurement.ResultsIn infants with CF the refined manual modus revealed clearly elevated LCI above 9 in 8 out of 35 measurements (23%), all showing LCI values below 8.3 using the automatic modus (paired t‐test comparing the means, P < 0.001). Healthy infants showed normal LCI values using both analysis methods (n = 47, paired t‐test, P = 0.79). The most relevant reason for false normal LCI values in infants with CF using the automatic modus was the incorrect recognition of the end‐of‐test too early during the washout.ConclusionWe recommend the use of the manual modus for the analysis of MBW outcomes in infants in order to obtain more accurate results. This will allow appropriate use of infant lung function results for clinical and scientific purposes. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:970–977. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Why Do Physiotherapists Do What They Do? A Study of Kuwaiti Physiotherapists
Authors: Al‐Enezi Latifa , May Stephen 
Published: August 2015

AbstractBackground and PurposePhysiotherapy has an important role in the management of numerous musculoskeletal (MSK) problems. In terms of evidence‐based physiotherapy practice, little is known about the reasons for selection of treatment techniques by MSK physiotherapists or whether their treatments are evidence based. This survey aimed to explore the reasons for the choice of treatment techniques by Kuwaiti MSK physiotherapists and to identify the extent of using the evidence base from research findings as a basis for physiotherapy practice.MethodsA self‐reported questionnaire accompanied with participant information sheet was distributed to 139 MSK physiotherapists in seven hospitals in Kuwait. The questionnaire was modified from that used in a previous study for use with Kuwaiti MSK physiotherapists to include modalities that were known to be used there by the lead author. It was piloted prior to distribution on three Kuwaiti MSc students for content and face validity.ResultsOne hundred six of 139 therapists responded, of whom 22% were male and 78% were female. The study showed that undergraduate education was the main influence for all treatment techniques used by Kuwaiti MSK physiotherapists. The use of research findings as a basis for choice of treatment techniques was very limited. The use of research was not related to post‐qualification education or years of professional experience.ConclusionThe findings of this study demonstrate that current physiotherapy practice in Kuwait is more reliant on undergraduate education and less on research evidence for the choice of treatment techniques. This has implications for undergraduate physiotherapy curricula, suggesting that evidence‐based practice must be keenly espoused. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thick corpus callosum in the second trimester can be transient and is of uncertain significance
Authors: Shinar S. , Har‐Toov J. , Lerman‐Sagie T. , Malinger G. 
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACTObjectivesDepiction of a thick corpus callosum (CC) in utero is rare, and is generally associated with severe brain anomalies. Our aim was to describe a group of fetuses diagnosed during second‐trimester ultrasound examination as having an apparently isolated thick CC, which normalized subsequently in the cases followed to term.MethodsAmong 59 fetuses referred to the Ob‐Gyn Ultrasound Division of Lis Maternity Hospital with suspected callosal anomalies between January 2013 and June 2014, we identified nine cases with an apparently isolated thick CC for inclusion in this retrospective cohort study. Length and body thickness of the CC were compared with previously published nomograms. Fetuses with a suspected isolated thick CC were identified and followed until delivery or termination of pregnancy (TOP). Evaluation consisted of chromosomal analysis, at least one magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination and repeat ultrasound examinations. Postnatal evaluation included brain ultrasound examination, MRI when indicated and neurodevelopmental assessment through validated pediatric questionnaires.ResultsThe nine fetuses were diagnosed with an apparently isolated thick CC at a mean gestational age of 23 + 5 (range, 21–29) weeks. Eight exhibited a CC body thickness ≥ 2SD above the mean for gestational age and one exhibited only a thickened genu. Six also exhibited a relatively short CC. Two patients opted for TOP but declined autopsy. In five of the seven remaining fetuses, the CC thickness normalized during follow‐up. In the remaining two, the increased CC thickness was a variant of the cingulate sulcus. The CC length remained ≤ 2SD in five of the six fetuses with a short CC. Fetal MRI was performed and confirmed the diagnosis in six fetuses. The karyotype was normal in all fetuses. Short‐term neurodevelopmental outcome was reported as normal in all six children with complete follow‐up.ConclusionsAlthough the number of fetuses in our study is relatively small, it seems that an apparently isolated thick CC is not necessarily associated with poor prognosis. In such cases, a definitive diagnosis should not be reached based on a single measurement and repeat follow‐up examinations during the third trimester are recommended. Copyright © 2015 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Clinical and Counseling Experiences of Early Adopters of Whole Exome Sequencing
Authors: Arora Shubhangi , Haverfield Eden , Richard Gabriele , Haga Susanne B. , Mills Rachel 
Published: August 2015

AbstractCurrently, there are limited data regarding the practice of genetic counseling for whole exome sequencing (WES). Improved understanding of how genetic counselors and other providers are educating, counseling, and communicating results may identify practice trends, and patient or provider needs. Between April 2013 and December 2014, we surveyed providers who ordered WES testing from GeneDx, a CLIA‐certified laboratory. Forty‐nine respondents completed the survey; 41 % of participants reported board certification in genetic counseling. Pre‐test and post‐test counseling was completed in all but one case each. Pre‐test counseling lasted less than 1 h for 53 % of cases and 1 to 2 h for 43 %. Topics discussed with all patients included consent for testing, and incidental findings; other topics were variable. In contrast to pre‐test counseling, 59 % reported post‐test counseling lasting 1 to 2 h and 33 % less than an hour; post‐testing counseling was significantly longer in cases with a definitive diagnosis than those without (p = 0.0129). The survey findings indicate some variability regarding the amount of time spent on counseling and the topics discussed during pre‐test counseling. Additional exploration, patient and provider educational resources, and potentially more specific guidelines regarding counseling for WES may be warranted.
Forced Displacement From Rental Housing: Prevalence and Neighborhood Consequences
Authors: Desmond Matthew , Shollenberger Tracey 
Published: August 2015

Abstract
Drawing on novel survey data of Milwaukee renters, this study documents the prevalence of involuntary displacement from housing and estimates its consequences for neighborhood selection. More than one in eight Milwaukee renters experienced an eviction or other kind of forced move in the previous two years. Multivariate analyses suggest that renters who experienced a forced move relocate to poorer and higher-crime neighborhoods than those who move under less-demanding circumstances. By providing evidence implying that involuntary displacement is a critical yet overlooked mechanism of neighborhood inequality, this study helps to clarify why some city dwellers live in much worse neighborhoods than their peers.
An efficient method for unfolding kinetic pressure driven VISAR data
Authors: Hess M. , Peterson K. , Harvey-Thompson A. 
Published: August 2015

Velocity Interferometer System for Any Reflector (VISAR) [Barker and Hollenbach, J. Appl. Phys. 43, 4669 (1972)] is a well-known diagnostic that is employed on many shock physics and pulsed-power experiments. With the VISAR diagnostic, the velocity on the surface of any metal flyer can be found. For most experiments employing VISAR, either a kinetic pressure [Grady, Mech. Mater. 29, 181 (1998)] or a magnetic pressure [Lemke et al., Intl J. Impact Eng. 38, 480 (2011)] drives the motion of the flyer. Moreover, reliable prediction of the time-dependent pressure is often a critical component to understanding the physics of these experiments. Although VISAR can provide a precise measurement of a flyer’s surface velocity, the real challenge of this diagnostic implementation is using this velocity to unfold the time-dependent pressure. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate a new method for quickly and reliably unfolding VISAR data.
A national survey of offending behaviour amongst intellectually disabled users of mental health services in Ireland
Authors: Leonard P. , Morrison A. , Delany-Warner M. , Calvert G. J 
Published: August 2015

BackgroundOffenders with an intellectual disability pose a major challenge to Intellectual Disability Service providers in the Republic of Ireland. This is especially so as no national Forensic Intellectual Disability Service currently exists.The Forensic Intellectual Disability Working Group of the Irish College of Psychiatrists was established in order to take steps to address this issue by establishing the level of need for a Forensic Intellectual Disability Service in Ireland and developing a college position paper.No previous study has been carried out to measure offending behaviour amongst persons with an intellectual disability attending mental health services in Ireland.MethodsA postal survey was undertaken targeting the lead clinicians of all Intellectual Disability Psychiatry, General Adult Psychiatry and Forensic Psychiatry Services in the Republic of Ireland. This survey requested anonymous data regarding service users with an intellectual disability and offending behaviour in this population.ResultsData relating to 431 service users was returned. Those reported to engage in offending behaviour were predominantly young males. Assault was the most common offence type. A significant number of serious offences such as unlawful killing, sexual assault and arson were reported.ConclusionsThere is an urgent need for the development of a Forensic Intellectual Disability Service in the Republic of Ireland. The current efforts of the National Forensic Mental Health Service to establish such a service by the creation of a post of Consultant Forensic Psychiatrist (special interest in intellectual disability) are to be welcomed.