bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triphase Catalysis Using Silica Gel as Support
Authors: Sankarshana T. , Soujanya J. , Anil Kumar A. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The oxidation reaction of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol with potassium permanganate in the presence and absence of silica-gel-supported phase-transfer catalyst (PTC) in triphasic conditions was studied. In a batch reactor, the performance of the solid-supported catalysts was compared with unsupported catalyst and without the catalyst. The effect of speed of agitation, catalyst concentration, potassium permanganate concentration and temperature on reaction rate was studied. The reaction is found to be in the kinetic regime. The rate of reaction with the catalyst immobilised on the silica gel was less compared to the catalyst without immobilisation. Triphase catalysis with supported PTCs has potential applications in the continuous quest for greener industrial practices.
Female Arab-Muslim Nursing Students’ Reentry Transitions
Authors: McDermott-Levy Ruth 
Published: July 2013

AbstractAs nursing students are increasingly studying abroad and returning to their home countries to practice, it is important to identify international nursing students’ reentry transition to understand their reentry needs. Phenomenological inquiry was used to describe the reentry experience of seven Omani nurses after studying in the United States. The nurses’ reentry experience was influenced by the personal and professional transformation from studying abroad and included themes of adaptation to cultural differences and service to themselves, their profession, and their nation. These nurses returned home to resume previous roles; they were changed and this required them to redefine and adapt to their roles within their families and workplace. Nurses returning from international study could benefit from a formal reentry program to assist their transition to family, community, and professional life and to enhance the nurses’ contribution from their international education.
Safety of long-term treatment with cabergoline on cardiac valve disease in patients with prolactinomas
Authors: Auriemma Renata S , Pivonello Rosario , Perone Ylenia , Grasso Ludovica F S , Ferreri Lucia , Simeoli Chiara , Iacuaniello Davide , Gasperi Maurizio , Colao Annamaria 
Published: July 2013

ObjectiveCabergoline (CAB) has been found to be associated with increased risk of cardiac valve regurgitation in Parkinson's disease, whereas several retrospective analyses failed to detect a similar relation in hyperprolactinemic patients. The current study aimed at investigating cardiac valve disease before and after 24 and 60 months of continuous treatment with CAB only in patients with hyperprolactinemia.Subjects and methodsForty patients (11 men and 29 women, aged 38.7±12.5 years) newly diagnosed with hyperprolactinemia entered the study. Cumulative CAB dose ranged from 12 to 588 mg (median 48 mg) at 24 months and 48–1260 mg (median 149 mg) at 60 months. All patients underwent a complete trans-thoracic echocardiographic examination. Valve regurgitation was assessed according to the American Society of Echocardiography.ResultsAt baseline, the prevalence of trace mitral, aortic, pulmonic, and tricuspid regurgitations was 20, 2.5, 10, and 40% respectively, with no patient showing clinically relevant valvulopathy. After 24 months, no change in the prevalence of trace mitral (P=0.78) and pulmonic (P=0.89) regurgitations and of mild aortic (P=0.89) and tricuspid (P=0.89) regurgitations was found when compared with baseline. After 60 months, the prevalence of trace tricuspid regurgitation was only slightly increased when compared with that after 24 months (37.5%; P=0.82), but none of the patients developed significant valvulopathy. No correlation was found between cumulative dose and prevalence or grade of valve regurgitation at both evaluations. Prolactin levels normalized in all patients but one.ConclusionCAB does not increase the risk of significant cardiac valve regurgitation in prolactinomas after the first 5 years of treatment.
Effect of Chronic Periodontitis on Serum and Gingival Crevicular Fluid Oxidant and Antioxidant Status in Patients With Familial Mediterranean Fever Before and After Periodontal Treatment
Authors: Bostanci Vildan , Toker Hulya , Senel Soner , Ozdemir Hakan , Aydin Huseyin 
Published: July 2013

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of periodontal status on oxidant/antioxidant status in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) who experienced familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and their response to non‐surgical periodontal therapy.Methods: Data were obtained from 13 patients with FMF with generalized CP (FMF‐CP), 15 systemically healthy patients with generalized CP, 15 systemically and periodontal healthy controls (HCs), and 14 periodontally healthy patients with FMF (FMF‐HC). Each participant's total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in their gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum were recorded. Probing depth, clinical attachment level, and gingival and plaque indices in each participant were also measured. The GCF and clinical parameters at baseline and 6 weeks after periodontal treatment were recorded.Results: The study showed statistically significant improvement of clinical parameters in both FMF‐CP and CP groups after periodontal treatment. The baseline GCF‐TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in the CP group compared with the FMF‐CP group (P <0.05). After periodontal treatment, the GCF‐TOS levels were significantly reduced in members of the FMF‐CP group (P <0.05). The GCF‐TAS levels in members of the FMF‐CP group were significantly higher than those of members of the HC group at baseline (P <0.05). Serum‐TAS levels in the FMF‐CP group were significantly higher than those in the CP and HC groups at baseline (P <0.05). The GCF‐TOS level in the FMF‐CP group was significantly higher than that in the FMF‐HC group at baseline and 6 weeks. However, there were no significant differences in the serum‐TOS and serum‐OSI levels of those in the FMF‐CP and CP groups at baseline and 6 weeks (P >0.05).Conclusion: The results of the present study show that patients with FMF‐CP displayed reduced oxidative stress and increased antioxidant status compared with those in the CP and HC groups.
Clinical and Microbiologic Effects of Adjunctive Metronidazole Plus Amoxicillin in the Treatment of Generalized Chronic Periodontitis: Smokers Versus Non‐Smokers
Authors: Faveri Marcelo , Rebello Allisson , de Oliveira Dias Rafael , Borges‐Junior Ivan , Duarte Poliana Mendes , Figueiredo Luciene Cristina , Feres Magda 
Published: July 2013

Background: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the clinical and microbiologic effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) and amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of smokers and non‐smokers with generalized chronic periodontitis (CP).Methods: Thirty‐two smokers and 32 non‐smokers were selected and received scaling and root planing (SRP) combined with MTZ (400 mg three times daily) and AMX (500 mg three times daily) for 14 days. Clinical and microbiologic examinations were performed at baseline and 3 months after SRP. Nine subgingival plaque samples per patient were analyzed using checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization.Results: Both groups presented a significant improvement in all clinical parameters at 3 months after therapy (P <0.05). Non‐smokers showed lower mean number of sites with probing depth (PD) ≥5 mm after therapy. Fewer non‐smokers exhibited at least nine of these sites at 3 months after treatment. Non‐smokers also presented the greatest reductions in mean PD and gain in clinical attachment between baseline and 3 months after therapy at initially deep (PD ≥7 mm) sites (P <0.01). The most beneficial changes in the microbial profile were also observed in the non‐smoker group, which showed the lowest proportions of the orange complex at 3 months, as well as a significant increase in the proportions of Actinomyces species after treatment.Conclusion: Smokers with CP benefit less than non‐smokers from treatment by the combination of SRP, MTZ, and AMX.
Comparison of the analgesic efficacy of perioperative firocoxib and tramadol administration in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy
Authors: Davila Diana , Keeshen Thomas P. , Evans Richard B. , Conzemius Mike G. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the effects of perioperative oral administration of tramadol, firocoxib, and a tramadol-firocoxib combination on signs of pain and limb function after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs.
Design—Randomized, blinded, prospective clinical trial.
Animals—30 adult client-owned dogs with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament disease.
Procedures—Dogs were allocated into 3 treatment groups (tramadol, firocoxib, and a tramadol-firocoxib combination). Signs of pain (short-form Glasgow composite measure pain scale), serum cortisol concentrations, and limb function (pressure platform gait analysis) were recorded at several time points before surgery and through 3 days after surgery. Outcome measures were compared among groups.
Results—A significantly greater number of dogs in the tramadol group (8/10 dogs) had a pain score > 6 after surgery, compared with the other groups. No significant differences were detected in the pain scores between the firocoxib and the tramadol-firocoxib combination groups. There were no significant differences in serum cortisol concentrations among the 3 groups. Limb function was significantly decreased for dogs in the tramadol group on days 1 and 2 after surgery and in the firocoxib group on day 1 after surgery. Although limb function decreased for dogs in the tramadol-firocoxib combination group, the change was not significant for any day after surgery.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Dogs that received firocoxib orally, alone or in combination with tramadol, had lower pain scores, lower rescue opiate administration, and greater limb function than dogs that received only tramadol. When used alone, oral administration of tramadol may not provide sufficient analgesic efficacy to treat dogs with pain after orthopedic surgical procedures.
Thoracic radiographic findings for dogs with cardiac tamponade attributable to pericardial effusion
Authors: Côté Etienne , Schwarz Leslie A. , Sithole Fortune 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine the prevalence of various radiographic findings for dogs with cardiac tamponade (CT) attributable to pericardial effusion (PE) and to determine the sensitivity and specificity of such findings for identification of affected dogs.
Design—Retrospective, randomized, blinded, controlled study.
Animals—50 dogs with CT attributable to PE and 23 control dogs (10 healthy dogs and 13 dogs with cardiac diseases other than CT).
Procedures—Thoracic radiographic images of dogs were evaluated by an observer who was unaware of the dogs' medical histories. For each dog, a vertebral heart score, globoid appearance of the cardiac silhouette, and convexity of the dorsocaudal aspect of the cardiac silhouette were determined.
Results—The sensitivity and specificity of enlargement of the cardiac silhouette (vertebral heart score, ≥ 10.7) for identification of dogs with CT attributable to PE were 77.6% and 47.8%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of a globoid appearance of the cardiac silhouette for identification dogs with CT were 41.9% and 40.0%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of a convex appearance of the dorsocaudal aspect of the cardiac silhouette for identification of dogs with CT were 57.1% and 35.0%, respectively.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results of this study indicated none of the evaluated radiographic variables was highly (> 90%) sensitive or specific for identification of dogs with CT attributable to PE. Thoracic radiographic findings should not be considered reliable for identification of dogs with CT attributable to PE.
Distribution and outcome of ocular lesions in snakes examined at a veterinary teaching hospital: 67 cases (1985–2010)
Authors: Hausmann Jennifer C. , Hollingsworth Steven R. , Hawkins Michelle G. , Kass Philip H. , Maggs David J. 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
Objective—To determine the distribution and clinical outcome of ocular lesions in snakes.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—67 snakes with ocular lesions.
Procedures—Signalment, lesion duration, diagnosis, treatment, and clinical outcome were recorded for all snakes with ocular lesions that were examined at a veterinary teaching hospital from 1985 to 2010.
Results—71 ocular lesions were detected in 67 of 508 (13%) snakes examined. Affected snakes were of the families Boidae, Pythonidae, Colubridae, and Viperidae. The distribution of ocular lesions did not vary by taxonomic family, age, or sex; however, snakes from the genus Epicrates with ocular lesions were overrepresented in the population. The most commonly diagnosed ocular lesions were retained spectacle (n = 41), pseudobuphthalmos or subspectacular abscess (13), trauma (8), and cataracts (4). Pseudobuphthalmos or subspectacular abscess developed more frequently in Colubridae than in non-Colubridae snakes. Of the 16 snakes with retained spectacles for which data were available, the lesion recurred once in 4 snakes and multiple times in 5 snakes.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that retained spectacle was the most common ocular lesion diagnosed in snakes. Compared with other snakes with ocular lesions, snakes of the genus Epicrates had a higher than expected frequency of ocular lesions in general and snakes of the family Colubridae had a higher than expected frequency of pseudobuphthalmos or subspectacular abscess.
Optimization of the Heat Treatment and Tribological Properties of 2024 and 7075 Aluminium Alloys
Authors: Kaczmarek Ł. , Steglinski M. , Sawicki J. , Swiniarski J. , Batory D. , Kyzioł K. , Kołodziejczyk Ł. , Szymanski W. , Zawadzki P. , Kottfer D. 
Published: July 2013

This paper describes two stages of optimization of the properties of 2024 and 7075 aluminium alloys, in particular their resistance to pitting by first T6, T6I6 or T6I4 treatment, and second increase its tribological properties by depositing by RF PACVD method a gradient coating of high adhesion to the substrate.
Quantitative microstructural characteristics reveals that it is possible to increase hardness (up to 190HV for 7075 alloy) with relatively high yield strength (520 MPa) and high ultimate elongation (about 20%) by optimizing dispersion of precipitates using two-stage artificial aging process.
Next to eliminate forming of thin Al2O3 layer with relatively poor adhesion to the aluminium substrate, gradient a-C: H/Ti layers synthesis hybrid plasma chemical RF PACVD reactor equipped with pulsed magnetron sputtering system was used. Using such configuration enables forming a thick and highly adherent diamond-like carbon layer on aluminium surface with low coefficient of friction (0.05), at a substrate temperature below 470K. Due to application of Ti magnetron cathode it was possible to improve the adhesion strength up to 30mN of diamond-like carbon layer to the covered substrate. Influence of deposition parameters on microhardness profile as well as adhesion and morphology were determined by nanotest and AFM, respectively.
Numerical Study of the Prestressed Connectors and Their Distribution on the Strength of a Single Lap, a Double Lap and Hybrid Joints Subjected to Uniaxial Tensile Test
Authors: Sadowski T. , Golewski P. 
Published: July 2013

Prestressed joints are widely used in construction using connectors in the form of screws, whose task is to strong clamping of joined parts, thereby the internal forces in joint are transferred by surface friction contact of the elements. In the automotive and aerospace industries hybrid joints are more widely applied. Mechanical connectors are added to the adhesive joint in form of rivets, screws or clinch increasing its strength properties.
The aim of this study was to determine how the prestressed connectors influence the mechanical response of hybrid, single and double lap joints. The influence of different distribution of the connectors was also investigated. Numerical study was conducted in ABAQUS program. Mechanical connectors were modeled by using fasteners, that allowed for a considerable simplification of the numerical model. In their application, there is no need for an additional submodels for connectors in the form of the rivet or the bolt. Prestressing is activated by direct application of the force to the connector.
In the numerical examples the authors assumed that the diameter of the mechanical connectors was equal to 6mm and shear strength was equal 1kN. Adhesive layers were modeled by using cohesive elements for which maximum shear stresses and fracture energy were specified. The layer thickness was assumed to be equal 0.1mm and it was initially removed from the areas where mechanical connectors were placed.
Two types of joints were analysed in the study: the single lap joint with lap dimensions 40x40mm as well as the double lap joint with lap dimensions 40x20mm, from which it results that theoretical strength of both connections should be the same.
The prestressing of connectors was introduced by the force 1.5kN. For all pure - mechanical joints and for single lap joints positive effects were obtained. For double lap joints additional prestressing did not significantly affect for their strength.
The influence of distribution of mechanical connectors was additionally analyzed by consideration of three configurations, where the rows of rivets were located at distances of 5, 10 and 15mm from the lap edge. The maximum increase of the load capacity by 24% was achieved for single lap joint as well as 35.7% for double lap joint.
The obtained numerical results indicate the positive effects of additional pressure and allows for practical suggestions how to correct and optimize spacing distance of mechanical connectors in hybrid joints to get better mechanical response.
Adaptation of the modified pulse method for determination of thermal diffusivity of solids in the vicinity of the second-order phase transition points
Authors: Terpiłowski Janusz , Szczepaniak Robert , Woroniak Grzegorz , Rudzki Rafał 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
The paper presents the adaptation of the modified pulse method for investigating temperature characteristics of thermal diffusivity in the vicinity of the second-order phase transition points. The principle of the adaptation consists in the modified in relation to the original method, development of the characteristics of temperature changes between boundary surfaces of a flat-parallel specimen after the laser shot onto its front surface. The application of this adaptation was illustrated with investigation into thermal diffusivity of nickel (99.9% wt) in the temperature range of 20-380◦C. In all cases the measurement error was less than 3%, and the averaging interval for the measured values of thermal diffusivity was not greater than 1.2 K.
On orbits of the automorphism group on an affine toric variety
Authors: Arzhantsev Ivan , Bazhov Ivan 
Published: July 2013

AbstractLet X be an affine toric variety. The total coordinates on X provide a canonical presentation $$\bar X \to X$$ of X as a quotient of a vector space $$\bar X$$ by a linear action of a quasitorus. We prove that the orbits of the connected component of the automorphism group Aut(X) on X coincide with the Luna strata defined by the canonical quotient presentation.
Limited gene flow in Uca minax (LeConte 1855) along a tidally influenced river system
Authors: Staton Joseph , Borgianini Stephen , Gibson Ian , Brodie Renae , Greig Thomas 
Published: July 2013

Abstract
For crab larvae, swimming behaviors coupled with the movement of tides suggests that larvae can normally move upstream within estuaries by avoiding ebb tides and actively swimming during flood tides (i.e., flood-tide transport [FTT]). Recently, a 1-D transport model incorporating larval behavior predicted that opposing forces of river discharge and tidal amplitude in the Pee Dee River/Winyah Bay system of South Carolina, USA, could limit dispersal within a single estuary for downstream transport as well as become a dispersal barrier to recruitment of late stage larvae to the freshwater adult habitats of Uca minax (LeConte 1855). We sequenced 394-bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome apoenzyme b for 226 adult U. minax, from four locales along a 49-km stretch of the Pee Dee River/Winyah Bay estuary, above and below the boundary of salt intrusion. Results of an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and an exact test of population differentiation showed a small, but statistically significant (α=0.05) population subdivision among adults of the 4 subpopulations, as well as all subpopulations being significantly differentiated (α=0.05). This pattern fitted with model predictions, which implies that larval transport within the tidally influenced river system is limited.
Les migrations agricoles en France depuis un siècle et leur relation avec certains facteurs économiques
Authors: Goreux L.-M. 
Published: July 2013

Au cours des cent dernières années, la population active masculine employée dans l'agriculture française a diminué d'environ 40 %. Le reclassement d'une part de la main-d'œuvre agricole dans les secteurs secondaire et tertiaire s'est accompagné d'un déplacement de population important.
Il s'est produit, à l'intérieur de la France, un flux de migration des régions à revenus faibles vers les régions à revenus élevés, l'intensité de ce flux augmentant en fonction de la différence des niveaux de revenu. Au cours de la seconde moitié du XIXe, la distance constituait un obstacle notable aux déplacements de main-d'œuvre, mais l'importance de cet obstacle s'est réduite au XXe avec l'amélioration des facilités de transports.
La diminution de l'effectif de la main-d'œuvre agricole eût en général pour effet d'augmenter le taux de productivité du travail dans l'agriculture. Les migrations constituèrent à ce titre, un mécanisme régulateur tendant à réduire les disparités régionales des revenus par tête. A la fin du XIXe en particulier, on observe la persistance de différences régionales importantes dans les taux de rémunération de travailleurs d'un niveau de qualification analogue, ce phénomène s'explique par la lenteur du mécanisme des migrations au sein d'une économie en évolution rapide.
Au cours des soixante-dix dernières années, la réduction des différences régionales des salaires fut très nette, elle fut plus faible en ce qui concerne le revenu agricole moyen ; les effets régulateurs du mécanisme des migrations furent partiellement contrebalancés par un développement des nouvelles techniques de production plus rapide dans les régions riches que dans les régions pauvres.
Quelques remarques sur les effets des réductions d'abattement de zone de salaires
Authors: Méraud Jacques 
Published: July 2013

Réduire les abattements de zone de salaires, c'est, en principe, depuis la loi de février 1950, réduire le salaire minimum interprofessionnel garanti (s.m.i.g.) en province. En fait, chaque décision gouvernementale de ce genre, prise dans le passé, a provoqué d'abord une augmentation immédiate des salaires les plus bas de province, et, rapidement, une hausse de l'ensemble des salaires provinciaux, réduisant ainsi effectivement les écarts entre les salaires moyens de Paris et de province ; mais, dans les mois qui suivaient, les salaires parisiens ont augmenté à leur tour, de telle sorte que l'écart entre salaires moyens parisiens et provinciaux, s'élargissant à nouveau, a retrouvé sa valeur antérieure et parfois même l'a dépassée : c'est ainsi qu'en janvier 1956 cet écart était supérieur dans toutes les zones à ce qu'il était en 1949, sauf dans la zone d'abattement maximum.
Ces remarques éclairent le jugement que l'on peut porter sur certains arguments invoqués pour ou contre de nouvelles réductions d'abattement de zone.