bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trockenes Auge bei Kontaktlinsenträgern
Authors: Khaireddin R. 
Published: June 2013

Zusammenfassung
Die bisherige Therapiepraxis, Kontaktlinsenträger mit Sicca-Beschwerden einseitig mit Hyaluronsäure-Tränenersatzmitteln zu behandeln, ist fragwürdig. Bei Kontaktlinsenträgern mit Beschwerden des trockenen Auges liegt mehrheitlich eine gestörte Meibom-Drüsen-Funktion vor, die eine Verminderung der Lipidphase des Tränenfilms zur Folge hat. Die damit assoziierte erheblich erhöhte Verdunstung der wässrigen Tränenfilmteile bedingt die messbare Hyperosmolarität des zurückbleibenden ‚‚denaturierten’‘ Tränenfilms. Eine konsekutive inflammatorische Reaktion der Augenoberfläche kann dann zum bekannten Circulus vitiosus des trockenen Auges führen. Um der Dehydrierung durch das Kontaktlinsenmaterial vorzubeugen, sind phosphatfreie, unkonservierte wässrige Tränenersatzmittel sinnvoll. Wird eine verkürzte Tränenfilmaufrisszeit festgestellt, so ist bei der Therapie die Supplementierung der Lipide (z. B. mit Phospholipid-Augenspray) erforderlich. Im Falle einer assoziierten Blepharitis ist die zusätzliche regelmäßige Lidrandhygiene mit einer phospholiposomalen Reinigungslösung therapeutisch sinnvoll und der Lidrandreinigung mit Babyshampoo überlegen.
Maternal Phenylketonuria International Collaborative Study revisited: evaluation of maternal nutritional risk factors besides phenylalanine for fetal congenital heart defects
Authors: Yano Shoji , Moseley Kathryn , Bottiglieri Teodoro , Arning Erland , Azen Colleen 
Published: June 2013

AbstractMaternal phenylketonuria (MPKU) is known to affect fetal outcome, often being associated with microcephaly and congenital heart defects (CHD) if the maternal diet is not appropriately managed. We hypothesized that other nutrients aside from phenylalanine (Phe) may have significant effects on fetal outcome in MPKU pregnancies. The 416 pregnancies that resulted in live births reported in the Maternal PKU Collaborative Study (MPKUCS) were grouped according to whether or not the offspring were diagnosed with CHD. The groups were compared on first‐trimester values of maternal data, including weight gain, plasma amino acids, protein and Phe intake, and red blood cell (RBC) folate. Patients were also grouped by first‐trimester average blood Phe (≤910 μmol/L and >910 μmol/L) and then divided by total natural protein and medical food intake. The CHD group of 28 offspring had significantly higher blood Phe and lower proline, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, arginine, and RBC folate. A significantly higher risk for CHD was found in the groups with lower natural protein and medical food intake, regardless of blood Phe levels. Insufficient natural protein and medical food product intake appears to be a risk factor for CHD independent of first‐trimester plasma Phe levels. Low RBC folate and plasma methionine levels in the CHD group may suggest involvement of global DNA hypomethylation.
Functional Outcome of Collagenase Injections Compared with Fasciectomy in Treatment of Dupuytren's Contracture
Authors: Naam Nash H. 
Published: June 2013

Background This study was designed to provide comparative information on the safety and efficacy of injection with collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH) and fasciectomy for patients with Dupuytren's contracture (DC). Methods A single-center, retrospective, observational, longitudinal chart review was conducted of 25 patients treated with CCH injections and 21 patients undergoing fasciectomy. Patients were assessed at 1 week, monthly for 3 months and then yearly for a minimum of 2 years after treatment for changes in contracture and range of motion, time to return to work/normal activities, patient satisfaction, and Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score. Results Post-procedure follow-up averaged 32 months for the injection group compared with 39 months for fasciectomy group. For the CCH group, the mean postinjection contracture was 3.6° for the metacarpophalangeal and 17.5° for the proximal interphalangeal joints compared with 3.7° and 8.1° in the fasciectomy group, respectively. Patients treated with injections returned to normal activities after a mean of 1.9 days compared with 37.4 days for fasciectomy patients ( p<0.0001). DASH scores for 13 CCH and 15 fasciectomy patients were obtained. The mean DASH score was significantly lower in the injection group in the first 3 months ( p<0.01). At the 2-year follow-up visit, patients were satisfied with their outcomes following either treatment (92 % and 96 % of CCH and fasciectomy patients, respectively). Conclusion CCH injections are safe and effective and may be a viable alternative to fasciectomy for treating DC. It also allows earlier return to work and daily activities.
The Multiple Star η Muscae
Authors: Budding E. , Butland R. , Blackford M. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractHigh-resolution spectroscopy of η Mus is combined with literature and new photometry to provide a comprehensive analysis of its components. Our main absolute parameters for the close binary system are M1 and M2 3.34 ± 0.04 M⊙, R1 2.13 ± 0.07 R⊙, R2 2.34 ± 0.10 R⊙; T1 13 000 ± 300, T2 12 600 ± 300, K; and distance 125 ± 10 pc. Our findings update earlier results in a number of respects. We thus confirm that η Mus B is a gravitationally bound companion of the close binary. This relates to the variable γ velocity of the radial velocities of η Mus A. We connect this to the recently discovered member η Mus D, whose orbit we link to new data. We also provide a spectroscopic examination of the Ap star η Mus B, listing over 450 identified lines. We argue that the system is still young, and the apparently anomalous rotation of the close binary’s secondary can be reconciled with its being a physically larger star, still condensing to the zero-age main sequence. Models of young condensing stars permit such expanded states, particularly during the deuterium-burning stage, and our results are in agreement with appropriate low-age models. This possible configuration may make η Mus an important example for testing young star models, formation, and evolution scenarios. This multiple star can be compared with V831 Cen and the general properties related to its membership of the Sco–Cen OB2 association.
Impact of inflammation on the biomarkers of iron status in a cross-sectional survey of Lao women and children
Authors: Knowles Jacqueline , Thurnham David I. , Phengdy Bounthom , Houamboun Keonakhone , Philavong Khamseng , Keomoungkhone Intong , Keovilay Khamhoung 
Published: June 2013

Anaemia is prevalent in South East Asia and Fe deficiency (ID) is considered to be the main cause, but the role of subclinical inflammation in the aetiology is uncertain. In the present study, we determined the influence of inflammation on the biomarkers of Fe status in women and children, and herein, we discuss the proportion of anaemia associated with ID. As part of the 2006 Lao People's Democratic Republic (The Lao PDR) National Nutrition Survey, blood collected from 482 young children and 816 non-pregnant women was analysed. Plasma ferritin, transferrin receptor (sTfR), Hb, C-reactive protein (CRP) and α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) concentrations were measured. ID was assessed using ferritin concentrations ( < 12 (children) or < 15 (adults) μg/l), sTfR concentrations (>8·3 mg/l) and body Fe stores (BIS < 0). Elevated CRP (>5 mg/l) and/or AGP (>1 g/l) concentrations were used to categorise inflammation status in order to correct the Fe biomarkers for inflammation. Inflammation was present in 14 % of adults and 43 % of children. Anaemia was present in 37·6 % of both women (Hb concentrations < 120 g/l) and children (Hb concentrations < 110 g/l). Correcting ferritin concentrations for inflammation increased the prevalence of ID from 24·3 to 26 % for women and from 18 to 21 % for children (P< 0·001 for both). Ferritin concentrations were more helpful in detecting ID than sTfR concentrations or BIS, but regression analysis found that sTfr concentrations explained more of the variance in Hb concentrations in both women (20 %) and children (17 %) than ferritin concentrations (5 and 1·4 %, respectively). Nevertheless, the total variance in Hb concentrations explained was only 26 and 18 % in women and children, respectively, and other factors may be more important than ID in contributing to anaemia in The Lao PDR.
Nonpermutation flow line scheduling by ant colony optimization
Authors: Rossi Andrea , Lanzetta Michele 
Published: June 2013

AbstractA flow line is a conventional manufacturing system where all jobs must be processed on all machines with the same operation sequence. Line buffers allow nonpermutation flowshop scheduling and job sequences to be changed on different machines. A mixed-integer linear programming model for nonpermutation flowshop scheduling and the buffer requirement along with manufacturing implication is proposed. Ant colony optimization based heuristic is evaluated against Taillard's (1993) well-known flowshop benchmark instances, with 20 to 500 jobs to be processed on 5 to 20 machines (stages). Computation experiments show that the proposed algorithm is incumbent to the state-of-the-art ant colony optimization for flowshop with higher job to machine ratios, using the makespan as the optimization criterion.
The Illicit Antiquities Trade as a Transnational Criminal Network: Characterizing and Anticipating Trafficking of Cultural Heritage
Authors: Campbell Peter B. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractThe illicit antiquities trade is composed of a diverse population of participants that gives the appearance of complexity; however, using the network paradigm, a simple underlying structure is revealed based on specific geographical, economic, political, and cultural rules. This article uses a wide range of source material to chart interactions from source to market using a criminal network approach. Interchangeable participants are connected through single interactions to form loosely based networks. These flexible network structures explain the variability observed within the trade, as well as provide the basis behind ongoing debates about the roles of organized crime, terrorism, and the Internet in antiquities trafficking. Finally, a network understanding of trade's organization allows for anticipation, though not necessarily prediction, of antiquities trafficking and offers the opportunity to develop new strategies for combating the trade.
Marxferatu: The Vampire Metaphor as a Tool for Teaching Marx's Critique of Capitalism
Authors: Morrissette Jason J. 
Published: June 2013

AbstractAlthough today's undergraduates may not have considered the implications of class struggle, they are generally well-versed in the intricacies of vampire lore. This article outlines how the vampire metaphor can serve as a valuable pedagogical tool for introducing students to fundamental concepts in Marxist thought. As opposed to the supernatural vampires featured in Stoker'sDraculaor Meyer'sTwilightsaga, this approach treats capitalism as a form of economic vampirism—with the capitalist taking on the role of the vampire and the worker relegated to its prey. The article further extends the vampire metaphor and demonstrates how it can be used to teach the Marxist perspectives on class conflict, alienation, and false consciousness.
Environmental factors associated with disordered weight-control behaviours among youth: a systematic review
Authors: Wang Monica L , Peterson Karen E , McCormick Marie C , Austin S Bryn 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveEnvironmental factors may be very important in the development of disordered weight-control behaviours (DWCB) among youth, yet no study to date has conducted a review that synthesizes these findings. The purpose of the present study was to systematically review existing literature on environmental influences on DWCB among youth and to identify conceptual and methodological gaps in the literature.DesignSystematic review.SettingStudies were identified through a systematic search using PubMed, PsycINFO, Google Scholar and secondary references. Inclusion criteria included observational studies published in peer-reviewed journals from 1994 to 2012 that examined environmental exposure(s) associated with DWCB among youth.SubjectsNinety-three studies, the majority of which utilized a cross-sectional design (75 %;n70), were identified. Longitudinal studies’ follow-up time ranged from 8 months to 10 years.ResultsParental, peer and media influences have been extensively studied as factors associated with DWCB among youth. Fewer studies have examined behavioural settings (i.e. homes, schools, neighbourhoods) or sectors of influence other than the media on DWCB. No studies utilized multilevel methods to parse out environmental influences on DWCB. Most studies (69 %,n64) did not explicitly utilize a theory or model to guide the research.ConclusionsFindings indicate that exploring a wider range of environmental influences on DWCB, specifically behavioural settings and sectors of influence, using diverse study samples and multilevel methodology is needed to advance the field and to inform the design of comprehensive prevention programmes that target DWCB and other weight-related behaviours.
Egg consumption and insulin metabolism in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS)
Authors: Lee Chee-Tin Christine , Liese Angela D , Lorenzo Carlos , Wagenknecht Lynne E , Haffner Steven M , Rewers Marian J , Hanley Anthony J 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between egg consumption and measures of insulin sensitivity (SI), acute insulin response (AIR) and metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI).DesignCross-sectional analysis.SettingsEgg consumption, categorized as <1/week, 1 to <3/week, 3 to <5/week and ≥5/week, was measured using a validated FFQ. SI, AIR and MCRI were determined from frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests.SubjectsNon-diabetic participants (n 949) in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS).ResultsEgg consumption was inversely associated with SI and MCRI, and positively associated with fasting insulin in regression models adjusted for demographic, socio-economic, lifestyle and dietary factors (β = −0·22, 95 % CI −0·38, −0·045, P = 0·05 for SI; β = −0·20, 95 % CI −0·34, −0·055, P = 0·005 for MCRI; β = 0·35, 95 % CI 0·15, 0·54, P = 0·002 for fasting insulin; all P values for linear trend). These associations remained significant after additionally adjusting for energy intake or dietary saturated fat, although dietary cholesterol and BMI attenuated these associations to non-significance. Egg consumption was not associated with AIR.ConclusionsDietary cholesterol and BMI appear to mediate the inverse association of egg consumption with insulin sensitivity and clearance. Alternatively, egg consumption may be clustered with other dietary behaviours which increase BMI, hence negatively impacting on insulin sensitivity and clearance.
Public health policy to redress iodine insufficiency in pregnant women may widen sociodemographic disparities
Authors: Mallard Simonette R , Houghton Lisa A 
Published: June 2013

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of a mandatory bread fortification programme on estimated iodine intakes of childbearing women and to describe the extent to which uptake of a maternal iodine supplement recommendation is associated with sociodemographic characteristics.DesignA postpartum survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. Details on pre- and post-conceptional supplement use, bread intake, iodized salt use and maternal sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics were obtained.SettingEleven maternity wards and hospitals located across New Zealand.SubjectsSeven hundred and twenty-three postpartum New Zealand women.ResultsMean iodine intake from fortified bread was 37 μg/d prior to conception. Younger women, women with higher parity, single women and those with unplanned pregnancies were less likely to meet the pregnancy Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for iodine (allP≤ 0·022). Although not statistically significant for all months of pregnancy, women with less education and income were less likely to meet the EAR (P≤ 0·11 andP≤ 0·2 for all months, respectively) and indigenous Māori women and Pacific women were less likely than New Zealand Europeans to meet the EAR (P≤ 0·17 andP≤ 0·051 for all months, respectively). During pregnancy, iodine-containing supplement uptake at the recommended level (150 μg/d) was non-uniform across sociodemographic subgroups, with the most disadvantaged women benefiting the least from this public health policy.ConclusionsThe disparities in supplement uptake noted here highlight the need for prioritizing further efforts towards universal salt iodization, such as the mandatory fortification of additional processed foods with iodized salt.
Perturbations to aquatic photosynthesis due to high-energy cosmic ray induced muon flux in the extragalactic shock model
Authors: Rodriguez Lien , Cardenas Rolando , Rodriguez Oscar 
Published: June 2013

AbstractWe modify a mathematical model of photosynthesis to quantify the perturbations that high energy muons could make on aquatic primary productivity. Then, we apply this in the context of the extragalactic shock model, according to which Earth receives an enhanced dose of high-energy cosmic rays when it is at the galactic north. We obtain considerable reduction in the photosynthesis rates, consistent with potential drops in biodiversity.
Psychometrische Eigenschaften des Fragebogens zur Errötungsangst (FEA)
Authors: Härtling Samia , Bögels Susan M. , Klotsche Jens , Hoyer Jürgen 
Published: June 2013

Der Fragebogen zur Errötungsangst (FEA) erfasst subjektiv wahrgenommenes Erröten und die Angst davor auf sieben nach klinischen Gesichtspunkten definierten Subskalen. Die psychometrischen Gütekriterienbestimmung erfolgte in drei Stichproben: 260 Studenten, 62 Errötungsängstliche und 71 Patienten mit Sozialer Angststörung mit Errötungsangst. Zur Konstruktvalidierung wurden die Variablen Soziale Ängstlichkeit, psychopathologische Symptombelastung, Selbstwert und Persönlichkeitsfaktoren erfasst. Die Subskalen wiesen überwiegend niedrige Skaleninterkorrelationen auf. Die interne Konsistenz war mit Ausnahme zweier Skalen zufrieden stellend (Cronbachs α ≥ .74), die Retest-Reliabilität mit einer Ausnahme gut (rtt ≥ .77). Die Konstruktvalidität variierte abhängig von den betrachteten Subskalen. Veränderungen durch Psychotherapie wurden sensitiv abgebildet. Studentische und klinische Stichproben konnten mittels Diskriminanzanalyse zu 90 % korrekt zugeordnet werden. Mittels ROC-Analyse wurde für die Subskala Errötungsangst ein Schwellenwert von 3.6 ermittelt. Angesichts guter psychometrischer Eigenschaften der Subskala Errötungsangst und gleichzeitiger Einschränkungen bei der Validierung einiger Teilskalen, wird je nach Verwendungszweck der Einsatz des FEA als Kurz- oder Langform vorgeschlagen.
An Approach for Identifiability of Population Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models
Authors: Shivva V , Korell J , Tucker IG , Duffull SB 
Published: June 2013

Mathematical models are routinely used in clinical pharmacology to study the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of a drug in the body. Identifiability of these models is an important requirement for the success of these clinical studies. Identifiability is classified into two types, structural identifiability related to the structure of the mathematical model and deterministic identifiability which is related to the study design. There are existing approaches for assessment of structural identifiability of fixed‐effects models, although their use appears uncommon in the literature. In this study, we develop an informal unified approach for simultaneous assessment of structural and deterministic identifiability for fixed and mixed‐effects pharmacokinetic or pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic models. This approach uses an information theoretic framework. The method is applied both to simple examples to explore known identifiability properties and to a more complex example to illustrate its utility.CPT: Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology (2013) 2, e49; doi:10.1038/psp.2013.25; advance online publication 19 June 2013
Bottom-heavy initial mass function in a nearby compact L★ galaxy
Authors: Läsker Ronald , van den Bosch Remco C. E , van de Ven Glenn , Ferreras Ignacio , La Barbera Francesco , Vazdekis Alexandre , Falcón-Barroso Jesús 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
We present orbit-based dynamical models and stellar population analysis of Sloan Digital Sky Survey J151741.75−004217.6, a low-redshift (z = 0.116) early-type galaxy (ETG) which, for its moderate luminosity, has an exceptionally high velocity dispersion. We aim to determine the central black hole (BH) mass (M•), the i-band stellar mass-to-light ratio (ϒ*, i) and the slope of the initial mass function (IMF). Combining constraints from Hubble Space Telescope imaging and long-slit kinematic data with those from fitting the spectrum with stellar populations models of varying IMFs, we show that this galaxy has a large fraction of low-mass stars, significantly higher than implied even by a Salpeter IMF. We exclude a Chabrier/Kroupa as well as a unimodal (i.e. single-segment) IMF, while a bimodal (low-mass tapered) shape is consistent with the dynamical constraints. Thereby, our study demonstrates that a very bottom-heavy IMF can exist even in an L* ETG. We place an upper limit of 1010.5 M⊙ on M•, which still leaves open the possibility of an extremely massive BH.
A new rare type of supernovae: hypervelocity stellar collisions at galactic centres
Authors: Balberg Shmuel , Sari Re’em , Loeb Abraham 
Published: June 2013

Abstract
When a binary star system is tidally disrupted by a supermassive black hole at a galactic nucleus, one star is ejected at a high speed while the other remains in a tightly bound orbit around the black hole. The cluster of tightly bound stars builds over time, eventually creating a steady state in which the rate of collisions between these stars is similar to the rate of capturing new stars. A large fraction of the collisions occur near the periapsis of the orbits around the black hole, where the kinetic energies are sufficient to generate an explosive disruption of the two stars involved. The typical flare brightens for several days, with a peak luminosity that is comparable to the lower luminosity end of known supernovae. The explosion light curve is followed by a longer flare due to accretion of ejected matter on to the black hole. Dedicated searches in the near universe could observe several such ‘collisional supernovae’ per year.