bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water-soluble inorganic ions in urban aerosols
of the continental part of Balkans (Belgrade) during the summer – autumn (2008)
Authors: Mihajlidi-Zelić Aleksandra , Đorđević Dragana , Relić Dubravka , Tošić Ivana , Ignjatović Ljubiša , Stortini Maria A. , Gambaro Andrea 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Size-segregated aerosol samples were collected using six stages High Volume Cascade Impactor. Aerosol mass and water soluble ions concentrations were determined. The Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model was used to study the origin of air masses arriving to Belgrade in the investigated period. The obtained results of aerosol mass and water-soluble ion concentrations have been divided into six sub-data sets based on air mass categories. The highest average mass concentration of the fine mode (Dp ≤ 0.49 μm) was found for air masses coming to Belgrade from the southeast and northwest directions, and of the coarse mode (3.0 < Dp ≤7.2 μm) for air masses arriving from the northwest direction. The highest concentrations of SO4
2– were found in the fine particles transported to the investigated area by air masses from southeast direction. The analysis of contribution of marine aerosol components (Na+ and Cl-), the Correlation and Cluster Analysis indicated the influence of marine aerosol on urban aerosol of the central Balkans coming from the Western Mediterranean and northern direction. NH4
+ and SO4
2- and K+ dominated in the fine mode for all air mass categories. PCA demonstrated the dominant impact of secondary aerosol formation processes on urban aerosols.
Crystallographic and structural characterization of heterometallic platinum compounds
Part VII. Heterohepta- and heterooctanuclear clusters
Authors: Melnik Milan , Mikuš Peter , Holloway Clive E. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
This review classifies and analyzes over fifty heterohepta- and heterooctanuclear platinum clusters. There are eight types of metal combinations in heteroheptanuclear: Pt6M, Pt5M2, Pt4M3, Pt3M4, Pt2M5, PtM6, Pt3Hg2Ru2 and Pt2Os3Fe2. The seven metal atoms are in a wide variety of arrangements, with the most common being one in which the central M atom (mostly M(I)) is sandwiched by two M3 triangles. Another arrangement often found is an octahedron of M6 atoms asymmetrically capped by an M atom. The shortest Pt-M bond distances (non-transition and transition) are 2.326(1) Å (M = Ga) and 2.537(6) Å (M = Fe). The shortest Pt-Pt bond distance is 2.576(2) Å.

In heterooctanuclear platinum clusters there are eight types of metal combinations: Pt6M2, Pt4M4, Pt3Ru5, Pt2M6, PtM7, Pt2W4Ni2, PtAu6Hg and PtAu5Hg2. From a structural point of view, the clusters are complex with bicapped octahedrons of eight metal atoms prevailing. The shortest Pt-M bond distances (non-transition and transition) are 2.651(3) Å (M = Hg) and 2.624(1) Å (M = Os). The shortest Pt-Pt bond distance is 2.622(1) Å. These values are somewhat longer than those in the heteroheptanuclear clusters. Several relationships between the structural parameters were found, and are discussed and compared with the smaller heterometallic platinum clusters
The Long Shadow of Parental Political Socialization on the Development of Political Orientations
Authors: Dinas Elias 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAccording to scholarly wisdom, family socialization accounts for the formation but not the further development of political norms and practices. Thus, although it yields high levels of partisan similarity between parents and children, its influence diminishes as the offspring accumulate experience with politics. This study is an attempt to qualify this view, suggesting that parental legacy is enduring and can help us understand key moments in individual’s political trajectories. In so doing, parental socialization operates both as a channel of continuity and a channel of attitudinal change. Examples from different cohorts and periods illustrate the nuanced role of parental politicization on the formation of offspring’s political outlook.
Baby Boomers
Authors: Delli Carpini Michael X. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractBorn between 1946 and 1964, “baby boomers” represent the largest 20-year age cohort in US history and still account for over 30% of the adult population. Drawing on over half a century of survey data from the American National Election Studies I explore the political legacy of this generational cohort as measured by 16 indicators of political engagement. The results suggest that while evidence of lasting generational differences in political attitudes and behaviors between boomers and those who preceded or followed them exist, they are generally small to modest, with variation over time driven more by the times in which people live than the times in which they were socialized.
Congressional Cohorts: The House Republican Class of 2010
Authors: Evans C. Lawrence 
Published: November 2014

AbstractAs a result of its size and close ties to the Tea Party movement, the freshman cohort of House Republicans elected in 2010 had a significant impact on the chamber. Compared to other Republicans, the districts the freshmen represented did not tilt more toward the GOP or the Tea Party, nor was their roll call ideology during 2011–2012 statistically distinguishable from that of their more senior colleagues. For votes that were Tea Party priorities, however, the effects of freshman status were often large. And the most consequential impact of the class was over party strategy and agenda. The role played by the 2010 House freshmen has implications for how we should think about party influence in Congress.
Foreign Junkets or Learning to Legislate? Generational Changes in the International Travel Patterns of House Members, 1977–2012
Authors: Alduncin Alexander , Kelly Sean Q , Parker David C.W. , Theriault Sean M. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn the aftermath of the polarization that has taken hold in Congress, some have pointed to the changing social connectedness of Congressional members as a possible cause, effect, or both. In this article, we take an initial look at this element of the story by analyzing one aspect of change over time in what are known as CODELs. We outline our data collection of these foreign trips taken by House members in two distinct periods and show how the use, users, and locations of these trips have changed. Among other changes, we find that more members are traveling than in the past, but that these trips are on average much shorter in duration. As a result, members of Congress are spending less time together during foreign travel, potentially reducing the opportunities for building relationships among them.
A new class of Tricomi–Legendre–Hermite and related polynomials
Authors: Pathan Mahmood A. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In this paper we introduce a new class of generalized Hermite–Legendre polynomials of 2-variables and consequently a new class of Tricomi, Bessel and Hermite polynomials and their generalizations starting from suitable generating functions. The theory of Bessel, Legendre, Hermite and of the associated generating functions and their generalizations is reformulated within the framework of a series rearrangement formalism by using different analytical means on their respective generating functions.
Victimization exposure and suicidal ideation among Spaniard adolescents evaluated at outpatient mental health services
Authors: Rodríguez-Blanco Lucía , de Neira Mónica Díaz , García-Nieto Rebeca , Zamorano-Ibarra María José , Ramos-García Silvia , Segura-Frontelo Alberto , Baca-García Enrique , Carballo Juan José 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Suicidal ideation among adolescents has been associated with victimization in various studies; however, the nature of this association is not clear. Our aim was to examine the influence of victimization exposure on suicidal ideation in a clinical sample of adolescents. Eleven to 17-year-old subjects were recruited from Child and Adolescent Outpatient Psychiatric Services. They completed the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview, the Stressful Life Events Scale, the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, the Children’s Depression Inventory, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Family APGAR. Demographic data, developmental features, medical and psychiatric history, family history, and treatment histories were also evaluated. A backward stepwise logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the influence of victimization exposure on suicidal ideation controlling for potential confounding variables. Two hundred and thirty-nine adolescents (62.3% male; mean age 14.31 years, SD=1.9) took part in this investigation. Of these, 20.9% reported victimization exposure. Adolescents who experienced peer victimization and/or were victims of a crime were significantly more likely to report suicidal ideation (χ2=10.05, df=1, p=0.002). However, suicidal ideation was only predicted by emotional and behavioral problems (χ2=4.79, df=1, p=0.029), depressive sympthomatology (χ2=3.17, df=1, p=0.075), and number of total stressful life events (χ2=4.02, df=1, p=0.045). Behavioral and emotional problems, as well as the accumulation of stressful life events may have a direct relation to suicidal ideation among adolescents evaluated at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Outpatient Services. Future studies might consider a comprehensive assessment of victimization and the cumulative effects of exposure to multiple stressful life events. Longitudinal designs are warranted.
Parameter Plane Synthesis and Performance Investigation of a Three-Phase Three-Level Bidirectional Rectifier
Authors: Bhat Abdul Hamid , Langer Nitin 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In this paper, parameter plane synthesis of a three-phase neutral-point clamped bidirectional rectifier has been performed. The converter involves one outer-loop PI voltage controller and two inner-loop PI current controllers for the closed-loop control. D-partition technique has been employed for the precise design of the voltage controller. An experimental prototype of the converter has been developed, and the experimental investigation of the converter performance in closed loop has been carried out. DSP DS1104 of dSPACE has been used for real-time implementation of the designed controller. The converter gives a very good performance in steady state and dynamic state (for rectification as well as inversion modes of operation) using the designed controller parameters.
Extraction Kinetics and Properties of Proanthocyanidins from Pomegranate Peel
Authors: Qu Wenjuan , Shi Shuangqian , Li Pingping , Pan Zhongli , Venkitasamy Chandrasekar 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
With an objective of developing a safe and efficient method to extract proanthocyanidins products from pomegranate peel for use in nutraceuticals or as food additives, the effects of extraction parameters on the production efficiency, product properties, and extraction kinetics were systematically studied. The results showed that both extraction temperature and water–material ratio had significant effects on the proanthocyanidins content, but the yield was significantly affected only by temperature. The moderate temperature and water–material ratio were beneficial to maintain high proanthocyanidins scavenging activity and good product quality. The second-order extraction and Arrhenius kinetic models were developed and successfully used to predict the proanthocyanidins yield for given conditions tested. Extraction temperature of 60°C, water–material ratio of 30:1 g g−1, and time of 10 min are recommended for proanthocyanidins extraction from pomegranate peel, which corresponded to the highest yield of 40.6 mg g−1 and content of 89.1 mg g−1 having a scavenging activity of 31.5 g g−1, and an attractive reddish yellow color.
The unborn smoker: association between smoking during pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes
Authors: Mei-Dan Elad , Walfisch Asnat , Weisz Boaz , Hallak Mordechai , Brown Richard , Shrim Alon 
Published: November 2014

AbstractTo evaluate a possible dose-response relationship between active maternal smoking during pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcome.Retrospective cohort study.Population-based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.Women who gave birth to a liveborn or stillborn infant during the period of January 2001 to December 2007.Active smokers of different daily cigarette consumption (n=1646) were identified through maternal self-reporting. The reference group comprised 19,292 non-smoking women who delivered during the same period.Birth weight, preterm delivery rate, fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, and congenital malformations.Preterm delivery rate was significantly higher in the smoking group compared with controls (22.2% vs. 12.4%, P<0.05), as was intrauterine fetal demise (1.4% vs. 0.3%, P<0.05). Newborns of active smokers were more likely to weigh less (3150±759 g vs. 3377±604 g, P<0.05), suffer from respiratory distress syndrome (2.5% vs. 1.3%, P<0.05), suffer from a cardiac malformation (1.5% vs. 0.8%, P<0.05), and die (neonatal death 1.2% vs. 0.6%, P<0.05). A dose-response relationship was demonstrated between levels of daily cigarette smoking and several adverse outcomes. Using multiple regression models, smoking was found to be an independent predictor of preterm delivery (odds ratios (OR) 1.9, 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) 1.6–2), and intrauterine fetal demise (OR 2.4, 95%CI 1.4–4.2).Any amount of daily smoking appears to harm the fetus and newborn. As pregnancy may be a “window of opportunity” for behavioural changes, efforts to promote smoking cessation should be encouraged.
Ecological drivers of group size in female Alpine chamois, Rupicapra rupicapra
Authors: Chirichella Roberta , Mustoni Andrea , Apollonio Marco 
Published: November 2014

AbstractIn large mammalian herbivores, an increase in herd size not only reduces predation risk but also energy intake. As a consequence, the size of the groups made up by herbivores is often assumed to be the outcome of a trade-off depending on local predation risk and food availability. We studied Alpine chamois (
Isolated myeloid sarcoma of the neck and chest: differential diagnosis and therapeutic approach
Authors: Djurdjevic Predrag , Jovanovic Danijela , Antic Darko 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In this article, we present the case of a 57-yearold man with cervical and mediastinal tumor mass, normal blood count as well as virusological status. Cervical tumor tissue biopsy revealed cells positive for CD34, CD13, LCA, CD33, and CD163 but negative for T-cell and B-cell markers, NK-cell markers, plasmacytic markers and anaplastic large cell lymphoma markers. These features were consistent with myeloid sarcoma of the neck with involvement of the mediastinum. We discussed differential diagnosis and therapy of isolated myeloid sarcoma and suggest that clinical presentation, cell morphology, complete immunophenotype, and specific genotypic lesions in some cases, must be evaluated.
Prolonged paradoxical reaction to antituberculous treatment after discontinuation of TNF-alpha- blocker therapy with adalimumab. Rare clinical documentation
Authors: Falkenstern-Ge Roger Fei , Husemann Kim , Kohlhäufl Martin 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
In the past decades, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) antagonist has been a milestone in the treatment of many chronic inflammatory diseases. TNF antagonist can increase patients´ susceptibility to many different kinds of infections especially those requiring granuloma formations despite regular performance of Screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). We report 2 cases of patients who developed tuberculosis under treatment with adalimumab, which was discontinued after the diagnosis of tuberculosis. During the tuberculosis therapy they unexpectedly developed a prolonged paradoxical reaction. In both cases we were only able to manage the progress of the paradoxical reaction through high steroid doses. Patients undergoing therapy with TNF- alphablocker are prone to develop tuberculosis infection, which could in turn lead to severe prolonged paradoxical reaction during anti-tuberculous treatment. An increased steroid dose may be required and is sometimes necessary
How to manage TB in children? Problems and
solutions in four cases
Authors: Buonsenso Danilo , Serranti Daniele , Focarelli Benedetta , Chiaretti Antonio , Calzedda Roberta , Valentini Piero 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Children bear a substantial part of the tuberculosis
(TB) epidemic worldwide, and it is estimated that
there were ≅ 500.000 childhood TB cases globally in 2010,
although accurate data are problematic to obtain given
the many difficulties associated with TB diagnosis in children
and the weaknesses of surveillance systems in countries
where TB is endemic. The World Health Organization
is working hard in order to reduce the TB prevalence rates
and deaths by half by 2015. In this challenge, general
practitioners and pediatricians play a key role in detecting
early cases of suspected TB and sending them to experts
in infectious diseases. This will reduce delayed diagnosis
and the spread of disease, which is especially important
now that the prevalence of multidrug resistant TB is
increasing. For this reason, the purpose of this report was
to delineate the characteristic clinical features of the most
common forms of pediatric TB and to suggest a rational
and practical approach to the disease underlining the role
of patients and parents personal and clinical history.
Women’s Rights in Islamic Shari’a: Between Interpretation, Culture and Politics
Authors: Mansour Dina 
Published: November 2014

AbstractThis article analyses existing biases – whether due to misinterpretation, culture or politics – in the application of women’s rights under Islamic Shari’a law. The paper argues that though in its inception, one purpose of Islamic law may have aimed at elevating the status of women in pre-Islamic Arabia, biases in interpreting such teachings have failed to free women from discrimination and have even added “divinity” to their persistent subjugation. By examining two case studies – Saudi Arabia and Egypt – the article shows that interpretative biases that differ in application from one country to the other further subject women to the selective application of rights. Dictated by norms, culture and tradition rather than a unified Islamic law, the paper shows how culture and politics have contributed to such biases under the pre-text of Islamic dictate. As such, it proposes a re-examination of “personal status” laws across the region in light of international human rights norms.
Second law analysis for MHD permeable channel flow with
variable electrical conductivity and asymmetric Navier slips
Authors: Eegunjobi Adetayo S. , Makinde Oluwole D. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The inherent irreversibility in a steady hydromagnetic
permeable channel flow of a conducting
fluid with variable electrical conductivity and asymmetric
Navier slip at the channel walls in the presence of induced
electric field is theoretically investigated. The model
nonlinear governing equations are obtained and numerically
solved using shooting quadrature. Numerical results
for velocity and temperature profiles are utilised to compute
the entropy generation number and the Bejan number.
Pertinent results are displayed graphically and discussed
quantitatively.
Structure and spectroscopy of uranyl and thorium complexes with substituted phosphine oxide ligands
Authors: Breshears Andrew T. , Barnes Charles L. , Wagle Durgesh V. , Baker Gary A. , Takase Michael K. , Walensky Justin R. 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
Phosphine oxide ligands are important in the chemistry of the nuclear fuel cycle. We have synthesized and characterized a series of phosphine oxide ligands with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) groups to enhance the spectroscopic features of uranyl, UO2
2+, and to make detection more efficient. Complexation of OPPh2R, R = C10H7 (naphthyl); C14H9 (phenanthrenyl); C14H9 (anthracenyl); and C16H9 (pyrenyl), to UO2(NO3)2 afforded the eight-coordinate complexes, UO2(NO3)2(OPPh2R)2. An eleven-coordinate complex, Th(NO3)4[OPPh2(C14H9)]3, C14H9 = phenanthrenyl, was structurally characterized, and was found to be the first thorium compound isolated with three phosphine oxide ligands bound. The phosphine oxide ligands were not fluorescent but the anthracenyl-substituted ligand showed broad, red-shifted emission at approximately 50 nm relative to typical anthracene, making this ligand set a possibility for use in detection. The synthesis and spectroscopy of the uranyl and thorium complexes are presented.
Stability analysis of FGM microgripper subjected to nonlinear electrostatic and temperature variation loadings
Authors: Jahanghiry Reza , Yahyazadeh Rajab , Sharafkhani Naser , Maleki Vahid A. 
Published: November 2014

AbstractConsidering the desired characteristics of functionally gradient materials (FGM), such as good thermal and wear resistance, this paper investigates the mechanical behavior of FGM microgripper under DC voltage and temperature variation. It is assumed that the two microbeams of the FGM microgripper are mounted symmetrically against each other, and the volume of ceramic varies exponentially with microbeam thickness. The nonlinear equations governing the static and dynamic deflection of microbeams due to the application of DC voltage and temperature variation are derived and solved using the step-by-step linearization method and the Galerkin method. In previous studies, the mechanical behavior of a microgripper with homogenous and the same material has been investigated; in this paper, the response and stability of the FGM microgripper against DC voltage and temperature variation are investigated. Also, the effect of geometrical dimensions, ceramic volume, and its variations with microbeam thickness on the mechanical behavior and system stability is studied.
Exploring New Synthetic Strategies for the Production of Advanced Complex Inorganic Nanocrystals
Authors: Bastús Neus G. , Gonzalez Edgar , Esteve Joan , Piella Jordi , Patarroyo Javier , Merkoçi Florind , Puntes Víctor 
Published: November 2014

Abstract
The design of new protocols for the colloidal synthesis of complex
nanocrystals (NCs) with advanced functionalities, comprising both
hybrid and hollow structures, and the study of their fundamental
properties is of paramount importance for the development of a new
generation of nanostructured materials. The possibility of tailoring
the dimensional regime of NCs, along with its composition and
structure, represents a landmark achievement in the control of their
unique physico-chemical properties. These properties, alongside with
the ability to cheaply produce high quality NCs in fairly large
amounts by wet-chemistry techniques, leads to their potential
applicability from materials science to nanomedicine. Within this
context, this review is focused on describing a successful framework
for designing synthetic strategies for the production of advanced
complex NCs, integrating the development of new synthetic methods with
its structural characterization, monitoring of their properties, and
study of its reactivity. As a result, it is expected to provide new
routes to produce robust and easy-to-process NCs in a wide range of
sizes, shapes and configurations that can be explored to achieve the
combination of all degrees of control, aiming to produce a complete
and diverse library of material combinations that will expand its
applicability in a wide diversity of fields.