bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness and utilization of HIV services of an AIDS community-based organization in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Authors: Dangerfield Derek T , Gravitt Patti , Rompalo Anne M , Yap Ivan , Tai Raymond , Lim Sin H 
Published: March 2014

Summary In Malaysia, homosexuality is illegal; little is known about access to HIV prevention services among Malaysian men who have sex with men (MSM). We analysed PT Foundation outreach data to describe the profiles among MSM who accessed PT Foundation services and to examine factors associated with being aware of PT Foundation and having visited the organization. A survey was administered during weekly outreach throughout Kuala Lumpur from March–December 2012. Pearson's Chi square tests were used to compare demographic and behavioural characteristics of participants who were and were not aware of the PT Foundation. Binary logistic regression was used to identify correlates of MSM visiting the PT Foundation among those who had heard of the organization. Of 614 MSM, this study found significantly higher awareness of the PT Foundation among MSM who perceived they had “good” HIV knowledge ( p = .026) and participants who reported always using condoms ( p = .009). MSM who reported being paid for sex were 2.81 times as likely to visit the PT Foundation compared to men who did not. A subgroup of MSM known to be at high risk for HIV infection is accessing prevention services. Future studies should uncover motivations and barriers of accessing these services among MSM in Malaysia.
Calcaneocuboid Joint Subluxation After the Calcaneal Lengthening Procedure in Children
Authors: Ahn Ji-Yong , Lee Ho-Seong , Kim Chul-Ho , Yang Jin-Pil , Park Soo-Sung 
Published: March 2014

Background: We investigated radiographic changes of calcaneocuboid (CC) joint subluxation following calcaneal lengthening procedure for the treatment of pediatric planovalgus foot deformities. Methods: This study included 44 cases of planovalgus foot deformities in 24 patients with mean age of 9.7 (range, 8 to 13) years who underwent calcaneal lengthening between 1999 and 2011. The mean follow-up period was 25 (range, 12 to 159) months. Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiographs of the weight-bearing view of the foot from immediate postoperative, 3-month postoperative, and last follow-up evaluations were reviewed and also used for trend analysis. Percentage of CC joint subluxations was measured on both AP and lateral view of the foot. Correlations between the percentage of CC joint subluxation and follow-up periods were assessed. Results: All of the feet showed dorsal subluxation of their CC joint on the immediate postoperative lateral plain radiographs. The median percentage of dorsal subluxation of the CC joint improved from 26.0% (range, 10.0 to 67.0) at the immediate postoperative evaluation to 16.5% (range, 7.0 to 47.0, P = .0001) at the 3-month postoperative evaluation and to 11% (range, 2.0 to 30.0, P = .0003) at last follow-up. The trend analysis over time indicated that the CC joint subluxation percentage with calcaneal lengthening generally decreased over time ( rs = −.67, P = .001). No patients showed osteoarthritic changes in the CC joint or nonunion at the calcaneal osteotomy site at last follow-up. Conclusion: At midterm follow-up, the CC joint subluxation was gradually resolving over time, with no evidence of osteoarthritic change in the CC joint. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Who develops carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy: An analysis of obesity, gestational weight gain, and parity
Authors: Wright Charmaine , Smith Bryan , Wright Sean , Weiner Mark , Wright Kevin , Rubin David 
Published: March 2014

Purpose To examine the prevalence, onset, and risk factors of carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy. Methods Maternal electronic medical records were linked to birth certificate records using social security number. The outcome of carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy was defined as ICD9 code 354.0 given at a prenatal visit. Chi-square, t-test, and adjusted logistic regression were performed. Results We analyzed 17,623 prenatal visits from the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania from 1/2003–12/2007. Mean maternal age was 26.4 (6.5) years, with 21% white, 69% black, and 46% overweight or obese. Ninety-one (2.8%) mothers participated in 765 prenatal visits given a carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosis code. Compared to mothers without carpal tunnel syndrome, mothers with carpal tunnel syndrome were older (29.72 (5.42) versus 26.04 (6.37) years, p = 0.005), gained more weight during pregnancy (40.65 (10.13) pounds versus 34.2 (9.41) pounds, p = 0.04), and more likely to have college education (69.9% versus 44.5%, p = 0.03). Average onset (SD) of carpal tunnel syndrome was 18.1 (8.4) weeks’ gestation. Conclusion Mothers with carpal tunnel syndrome had high rates of overweight, obesity, and excessive gestational weight gain. Diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome was rare but often occurred in the first and second trimesters, earlier than the frequently reported third trimester onset seen in literature. When looking at predictors of carpal tunnel syndrome, obese prepregnancy body mass index (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and excessive gestational weight gain, greater than two previous live births, higher level of maternal education and more prenatal care (>10 visits) were associated with increased risk of carpal tunnel syndrome. Higher maternal age was not associated with carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosis after adjusting for weight and parity, suggesting mediation by these covariates.
Delivery room triage of large for gestational age infants of diabetic mothers
Authors: Cordero Leandro , Rath Krista , Zheng Katherine , Landon Mark B , Nankervis Craig A 
Published: March 2014

Objective: To review our 4-year experience (2008–2011) with delivery room triage of large for gestational age infants of diabetic mothers. Design/Methods: Retrospective cohort investigation of 311 large for gestational age infants of diabetic mothers (White’s Class A1 (77), A2 (87), B (77), and C-R (70)). Results: Of 311 women, 31% delivered at 34–36 weeks gestational age and 69% at term. While 70% were delivered by cesarean, 30% were vaginal deliveries. A total of 160 asymptomatic infants were triaged from the delivery room to the well baby nursery. Of these, 55 (34%) developed hypoglycemia. In 43 cases, the hypoglycemia was corrected by early feedings; in the remaining 12, intravenous dextrose treatment was required. A total of 151 infants were triaged from the delivery room to the neonatal intensive care unit. Admission diagnoses included respiratory distress (51%), prevention of hypoglycemia (27%), prematurity (21%), and asphyxia (1%). Hypoglycemia affected 66 (44%) of all neonatal intensive care unit infants. Conclusion: Safe triage of asymptomatic large for gestational age infants of diabetic mothers from the delivery room to well baby nursery can be accomplished in the majority of cases. Those infants in need of specialized care can be accurately identified and effectively treated in the neonatal intensive care unit setting.
Platelet bioenergetic screen in sickle cell patients reveals mitochondrial complex V inhibition, which contributes to platelet activation
Authors: Cardenes Nayra , Corey Catherine , Geary Lisa , Jain Shilpa , Zharikov Sergey , Barge Suchitra , Novelli Enrico M. , Shiva Sruti 
Published: March 2014

Key PointsSickle cell patients show mitochondrial dysfunction (complex V inhibition, oxidant formation), which is associated with platelet activation. Complex V inhibition is induced by hemolysis and causes platelet activation, which is attenuated by mitochondrial therapeutics.
c-Myc regulates expression of NKG2D ligands ULBP1/2/3 in AML and modulates their susceptibility to NK-mediated lysis
Authors: Nanbakhsh Arash , Pochon Cécile , Mallavialle Aude , Amsellem Sophie , Bourhis Jean Henri , Chouaib Salem 
Published: March 2014

Key PointsAML cells resistant to cytarabine are more susceptible to NK-mediated cell lysis. c-Myc regulates ULBP1/2/3 expression and interferes with NK cell susceptibility in primary cytarabine resistant AML blasts.
Runx1 and Cbfβ regulate the development of Flt3+ dendritic cell progenitors and restrict myeloproliferative disorder
Authors: Satpathy Ansuman T. , Briseño Carlos G. , Cai Xiongwei , Michael Drew G. , Chou Chun , Hsiung Sunnie , Bhattacharya Deepta , Speck Nancy A. , Egawa Takeshi 
Published: March 2014

Key PointsRunx proteins and Cbfβ are required for the development of dendritic cells, which can be rescued by Irf8. Pan-hematopoietic Cbfb-deficient mice develop a myeloproliferative disease and severe anemia and die at 3 to 4 months of age.
Human t(14;18)positive germinal center B cells: a new step in follicular lymphoma pathogenesis?
Authors: Tellier Julie , Menard Cedric , Roulland Sandrine , Martin Nadine , Monvoisin Céline , Chasson Lionel , Nadel Bertrand , Gaulard Philippe , Schiff Claudine , Tarte Karin 
Published: March 2014

Key Points
Follicular lymphoma-like cells found in healthy individuals accumulate within germinal centers in reactive lymphoid tissues. Follicular lymphoma-like cells are nonproliferating cells in situ and in vitro.
Loss of reflex tearing after maxillary orthognathic surgery: a report of two cases
Authors: Kang Sunah , Jang Sun Young , Lee Areum , Jang Jae Woo 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
Few reports have described the ophthalmic complications that occur after maxillary orthognathic surgery. Since cases of decreased reflex tearing after maxillary orthognathic surgery are extremely rare, we describe 2 cases of loss of reflex tearing after maxillary orthognathic surgery.

Case presentation
Two Asian women, an 18-year-old and a 32-year-old, suffered from unilateral dryness and irritation caused by maxillary orthognathic surgery. In both patients, Schirmer test (II) showed reduced reflex tearing in 1 eye. Computed tomography showed that the pterygoid plate had been fractured in both patients.

Conclusions
The pterygopalatine ganglion and its associated fibers in the pterygopalatine fossa may be injured during Le Fort osteotomy.
Effectiveness of predicting in-hospital mortality in critically ill children by assessing blood lactate levels at admission
Authors: Bai Zhenjiang , Zhu Xueping , Li Mengxia , Hua Jun , Li Ying , Pan Jian , Wang Jian , Li Yanhong 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
Hyperlactatemia upon admission is a documented risk factor for mortality in critically ill adult patients. However, the predictive significance of a single lactate measurement at admission for mortality in the general population of critically ill children remains uncertain. This study evaluated the predictive value of blood lactate levels at admission and determined the cut-off values for predicting in-hospital mortality in the critically ill pediatric population.

Methods
We enrolled 1109 critically ill children who were admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit between July 2008 and December 2010. Arterial blood samples were collected in the first 2 hours after admission, and the lactate levels were determined. The Pediatric Risk of Mortality III (PRISM III) scores were calculated during the first 24 hours after admission.

Results
Of the 1109 children admitted, 115 (10.4%) died in the hospital. The median (interquartile range) blood lactate level in critically ill children was 3.2 mmol/l (2.2-4.8). Among the children, 859 (77.5%) had a lactate concentration >2.0 mmol/l. The blood lactate level upon admission was significantly associated with mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-1.46; p <0.001), even after adjustment for age, gender, and illness severity assessed by PRISM III (OR = 1.27; p <0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed that a high blood lactate level (OR = 1.17; 95% CI, 1.07-1.29; p = 0.001), a high PRISM III score (OR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.11-1.20; p <0.001), and a low serum albumin (OR =0.92; 95% CI, 0.88-0.96; p <0.001) were independent risk factors for mortality in critically ill children. Blood lactate achieved an area under-the-receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.79 (p <0.001) for predicting mortality that was similar to that of PRISM III (AUC = 0.82; p <0.001). The p-value for a comparison of both AUCs was 0.318. Blood lactate displayed a sensitivity of 61% and a specificity of 86% in predicting mortality at the optimal cut-off value of 5.55 mmol/l, and the positive and negative likelihood ratios were 4.5 and 0.45, respectively.

Conclusions
A high blood lactate level at admission is independently associated with and predictive of in-hospital mortality in the general population of critically ill children.
PSMD9 expression predicts radiotherapy response in breast cancer
Authors: Langlands Fiona E , Dodwell David , Hanby Andrew M , Horgan Kieran , Millican-Slater Rebecca A , Speirs Valerie , Verghese Eldo T , Smith Laura , Hughes Thomas A 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
More than 50% of cancer patients are recommended to receive radiotherapy. Recommendations are based mainly on clinical and pathological factors and not intrinsic tumour radio-sensitivity. Use of radiotherapy according to predictive markers would potentially reduce costly over-treatment, and improve the treatment risk-benefit ratio and cancer outcomes. Tumour expression of the 26S proteasome has been reported to predict radiotherapy response: low expression was associated with higher rates of local recurrence after radiotherapy, suggesting that low proteasome expression and activity was associated with radio-resistance. However, this conclusion is at odds with the emerging use of proteasome inhibitors as radio-sensitizers. Our aim was to further analyse the relevance of 26S proteasome expression, focussing specifically on the PSMD9 subunit, in the largest clinical cohort to date, and to investigate the functional role of PSMD9 in radio-sensitivity in breast cancer cell lines.

Methods
We examined expression of PSMD9 using immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 157 breast cancer patients, including 32 cases (20.4%) that subsequently developed local recurrences. The value of expression as a prognostic or radiotherapy predictive marker was tested using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. PSMD9 function was examined in breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 using siRNA knock-downs and colony forming assays after irradiation.

Results
Low tumour PSMD9 expression was significantly associated with a reduced incidence of local recurrence in patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy (univariate log rank p = 0.02; multivariate regression p = 0.009), but not in those treated without radiotherapy, suggesting that low PSMD9 expression was associated with relative tumour radio-sensitivity. In support of this, reduction of PSMD9 expression using siRNA in breast cancer cell lines in vitro sensitized cells to radiotherapy.

Conclusions
We conclude that PSMD9 expression may predict radiotherapy benefit, with low expression indicative of relative radio-sensitivity, the opposite of previous reports relating to 26S proteasome expression. Our conclusion is compatible with use of proteasome inhibitors as radio-sensitizers, and highlights PSMD9 as a potential target for radio-sensitizing drugs.
Isolation, purification and characterization of Trichothecinol-A produced by endophytic fungus Trichotheciumsp. and its antifungal, anticancer and antimetastatic activities
Authors: Taware Ravindra , Abnave Prasad , Patil Deepak , Rajamohananan Pattuparambil Ramanpillai , Raja Remya , Soundararajan Gowrishankar , Kundu Gopal Chandra , Ahmad Absar 
Published: March 2014

Abstract

Background
A total of 30 endophytic fungi (AAP-PS 1–30) were isolated from the medicinal herb Phyllanthus amarus and screened for the production of Trichothecinol-A. Out of all the endophytic strains screened for Trichothecinol-A production, the culture filtrate of AAP-PS-1 extracted with ethyl acetate yielded Trichothecinol-A extracellularly in appreciable amounts. Trichothecinol-A was purified, quantified and completely characterized by different standard chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques including reverse phase HPLC, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, etc. The compound was tested for antifungal activity against filamentous fungi and yeast, apoptotic activity against B16F10 cells, anticancer activity against MDA-MB-231, HeLa and B16F10 cells as well as antimetastatic activity against MDA-MB-231 cell line.

Results
The endophyte producing Trichothecinol-A was identified as Trichothecium sp. by morphological, cultural and molecular methods. RP-HPLC analyses performed on a Waters model using a C18 symmetry pack column with a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min and the eluting compounds were detected by a dual mode wavelength detector set at 220 nm and 240 nm. The 1D (1H, 13C) and 2D NMR (COSY, NOESY, TOCSY, DEPT, 13C–1H HMBC, 13C–1H HSQC), ESI-MS, HRMS, IR and UV–vis show conclusively that the isolated compound was Trichothecinol–A. One liter of Trichothecium sp. yielded 4.37 mg of Trichothecinol-A. Trichothecinol-A exhibited antifungal activity against Cryptococcus albidus (NCIM 3372) up to 20 μg/ml. Cytotoxicity studies indicate that Trichothecinol-A causes 50% cell death at 500nM concentration in HeLa and B16F10 cells and induces apoptosis in later. Inhibition of wound migration assay performed on MDA-MB-231 cells reveals that 500nM of Trichothecinol-A was able to inhibit wound migration by 50% indicating its remarkable antimetastatic property.

Conclusion
The compound Trichothecinol-A has previously been isolated from Trichothecium roseum and characterized by various standard techniques. Anti-cancer studies conducted on Trichothecinol-A showed that it significantly inhibits cancer cell migration and can thus be developed as a new class of anti-metastatic drug. Here, we for the first time report the anti-metastatic as well as anti-fungal activity exhibited by Trichothecinol-A isolated by us from the endophytic fungus Trichothecium sp. of medicinal plant Phyllanthus amarus. Trichothecinol-A also exhibited apoptotic activity.
Clinical effectiveness of manual therapy for the management of musculoskeletal and non-musculoskeletal conditions: systematic review and update of UK evidence report
Authors: Clar Christine , Tsertsvadze Alexander , Court Rachel , Hundt Gillian Lewando , Clarke Aileen , Sutcliffe Paul 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Background
This systematic review updated and extended the "UK evidence report" by Bronfort et al. (Chiropr Osteopath 18:3, 2010) with respect to conditions/interventions that received an 'inconclusive’ or 'negative’ evidence rating or were not covered in the report.

Methods
A literature search of more than 10 general medical and specialised databases was conducted in August 2011 and updated in March 2013. Systematic reviews, primary comparative studies and qualitative studies of patients with musculoskeletal or non-musculoskeletal conditions treated with manual therapy and reporting clinical outcomes were included. Study quality was assessed using standardised instruments, studies were summarised, and the results were compared against the evidence ratings of Bronfort. These were either confirmed, updated, or new categories not assessed by Bronfort were added.

Results
25,539 records were found; 178 new and additional studies were identified, of which 72 were systematic reviews, 96 were randomised controlled trials, and 10 were non-randomised primary studies. Most 'inconclusive’ or 'moderate’ evidence ratings of the UK evidence report were confirmed. Evidence ratings changed in a positive direction from inconclusive to moderate evidence ratings in only three cases (manipulation/mobilisation [with exercise] for rotator cuff disorder; spinal mobilisation for cervicogenic headache; and mobilisation for miscellaneous headache). In addition, evidence was identified on a large number of non-musculoskeletal conditions not previously considered; most of this evidence was rated as inconclusive.

Conclusions
Overall, there was limited high quality evidence for the effectiveness of manual therapy. Most reviewed evidence was of low to moderate quality and inconsistent due to substantial methodological and clinical diversity. Areas requiring further research are highlighted.
Interrogating causal pathways linking genetic variants, small molecule metabolites, and circulating lipids
Authors: Shin So-Youn , Petersen Ann-Kristin , Wahl Simone , Zhai Guangju , Römisch-Margl Werner , Small Kerrin S , Döring Angela , Kato Bernet S , Peters Annette , Grundberg Elin , Prehn Cornelia , Wang-Sattler Rui , Wichmann H-Erich , de Angelis Martin Hrabé , Illig Thomas , Adamski Jerzy , Deloukas Panos , Spector Tim D , Suhre Karsten , Gieger Christian , Soranzo Nicole 
Published: March 2014

Abstract
Background
Emerging technologies based on mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance enable the monitoring of hundreds of small metabolites from tissues or body fluids. Profiling of metabolites can help elucidate causal pathways linking established genetic variants to known disease risk factors such as blood lipid traits.

Methods
We applied statistical methodology to dissect causal relationships between single nucleotide polymorphisms, metabolite concentrations, and serum lipid traits, focusing on 95 genetic loci reproducibly associated with the four main serum lipids (total-, low-density lipoprotein-, and high-density lipoprotein- cholesterol and triglycerides). The dataset used included 2,973 individuals from two independent population-based cohorts with data for 151 small molecule metabolites and four main serum lipids. Three statistical approaches, namely conditional analysis, Mendelian randomization, and structural equation modeling, were compared to investigate causal relationship at sets of a single nucleotide polymorphism, a metabolite, and a lipid trait associated with one another.

Results
A subset of three lipid-associated loci (FADS1, GCKR, and LPA) have a statistically significant association with at least one main lipid and one metabolite concentration in our data, defining a total of 38 cross-associated sets of a single nucleotide polymorphism, a metabolite and a lipid trait. Structural equation modeling provided sufficient discrimination to indicate that the association of a single nucleotide polymorphism with a lipid trait was mediated through a metabolite at 15 of the 38 sets, and involving variants at the FADS1 and GCKR loci.

Conclusions
These data provide a framework for evaluating the causal role of components of the metabolome (or other intermediate factors) in mediating the association between established genetic variants and diseases or traits.