bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CCR20th Anniversary Commentary: Chimeric Antigen Receptors—From Model T to the Tesla
Authors: Hwu Patrick 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe research article by Kershaw and colleagues, published in the October 15, 2006, issue of Clinical Cancer Research, presents one of the first clinical trials to utilize chimeric antigen receptors. Subsequent studies have shown promise for the treatment of patients with lymphoid malignancies, but further progress will require optimization, including the identification of more specific antigens for solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res; 21(14); 3099–101. ©2015 AACR.See related article by Kershaw et al., Clin Cancer Res 2006;12(20) Oct 15, 2006;6106–15
Playing to Teachers’ Strengths: Using Multiple Measures of Teacher Effectiveness to Improve Teacher Assignments
Authors: Fox Lindsay 
Published: July 2015

Current uses of value-added modeling largely ignore or assume away the potential for teachers to be more effective with one type of student than another or in one subject than another. This paper explores the stability of value-added measures across different subgroups and subjects using administrative data from a large urban school district. For elementary school teachers, effectiveness measures are highly stable across subgroups, with correlations upward of 0.9. The estimated cross-subject correlation between math and English language arts is around 0.7, suggesting some differential effectiveness by subject. To understand the magnitude of this correlation, I simulate targeted re-sorting of teachers to classrooms based on their comparative advantage. The results suggest that using multiple measures of value added to specialize teachers by subject could produce small average increases in student achievement, and larger increases for some students.
Mudworm Polydora lingshuiensis sp. n is a new species that inhabits both shell burrows and mudtubes
Authors: YE LINGTONG , TANG BIN , WU KAICHANG , SU YOULU , WANG RUIXUAN , YU ZINIU , WANG JIANGYONG 
Published: July 2015

A new polydorin species, Polydora lingshuiensis sp. n., which is found not only in burrows of pearl oyster shells (shell-boring type) but also in mudtubes on the surface of pearl oyster cages (tube-dwelling type), is described with the use of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and molecular phylogeny. Morphological and molecular distinctions between P. lingshuiensis and other related species reveal that P. lingshuiensis is a valid new species. The reproduction characteristic that the eggs of P. lingshuiensis are gathered together in one hollow cylinder is another piece of evidence confirming that it is indeed a valid new species. Sequence comparisons based on nuclear 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, and mitochondrial 16S rDNA show that strains of the shell-boring type possess as high as 99.9% to 100% sequence identity relative to those of the tube-dwelling type. This finding evidently indicates that these species types are conspecific. We also find that a comparison of mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences can provide a higher resolution of polydorin species than those of the nuclear 18S rDNA because the former has a higher interspecific/intraspecific difference ratio. Phylogenetic analyses based on 18S rDNA sequences indicate that all P. lingshuiensis samples group together to forming a sister clade to Polydora uncinata and thus fall within Polydora aura/P. uncinata clade.
The ​Fest-noz: a Way to Live Breton Culture
Authors: Dołowy-Rybińska Nicole 
Published: July 2015

The Fest-noz: a Way to Live Breton CultureThe history of the Breton language and culture of the XX and XXI century is narrated through the fest-noz phenomenon story. Fest-noz (‘night festival’) is a meeting where people dance in groups to live folk music accompaniment. Traditionally these festivals were organized in the small region of Central Brittany and were connected to important community occasions. This tradition was slowly disappearing in the 20’s and 30’s of the XXth century to die out after WW II when the Breton culture was depreciated and connected with the negative identity of the Bretons. Fest-noz was recreated and in 50’s and has become an invented tradition. In the 60’s with the social and cultural movements leading to the revalorization of the minority fest-noz became the symbol of a Breton ethnic revival. Today it is one of the most significant marks of Breton identification. Every year there are hundreds fest-noz organized all around Brittany, from small local celebrations to huge musical events. Participation in fest-noz is one of the ways of conscious creation of the Breton cultural identity. Fest-noz: sposób na życie kulturą bretońską Fest-noz („nocna zabawa”) to spotkanie, podczas którego ludzie tańczą wspólnie do muzyki bretońskiej. Tradycyjnie zabawy takie odbywały się na niewielkim obszarze Bretanii środkowej i związane były z ważnymi wydarzeniami wspólnot wiejskich (związanych z uprawą ziemi, ale i obchodami świąt religijnych czy prywatnych). Brała w nich udział cała społeczność okolicy, tańcząc w łańcuchach do improwizowanych pieśni typu kan ha discan („zawołanie i odpowiedź”). Tradycja ta powoli zamierała w latach 30. i 40. XX wieku, zaś po II wojnie światowej fest-noz nie odbywało się wcale. W latach 60. XX wieku fest-noz zostało w sposób celowy zrewitalizowane, by stać się symbolem bretońskiego odrodzenia etnicznego przełomu lat 60. i 70., buntu młodzieży, rewaloryzacji wypieranej kultury i języka, radosnego (a często i radykalnego) dążenia do uzyskania praw. Od lat 90. XX wieku fest-noz jest niekwestionowanym znakiem rozpoznawczym Bretanii, corocznie odbywają się setki a nawet tysiące imprez, od ma łych spotkań lokalnych, po wielkie, zorganizowane w największych salach w Rennes, wydarzenia muzyczne, a nawet internetowe CyberFestNoz. Fenomen bretońskiego fest-noz będzie kanwą, na której opowiedziana zostanie historia kultury i języka bretońskiego w XX i XXI wieku, od ich ośmieszania i zanikania, przez przemilczanie związane z wydarzeniami II wojny światowej, po odrodzenie lat 70. i czasy współczesne. Samo święto jest więc jedynie punktem wyjścia do rozważenia wielu procesów dotyczących kultur i języków mniejszościowych: tworzenia się tożsamości negatywnej, ruchów społecznych prowadzących do rewaloryzacji mniejszości, działań na rzecz ich zorganizowanej ochrony. Ale będzie to też opowieść o tym, jak mniejszość językowa może funkcjonować w dzisiejszym świecie, o spontanicznym uczestnictwie i ujętej instytucjonalnie animacji, o tradycji wynalezionej oraz o wybieranej i świadomie tworzonej tożsamości kulturowej.
Onset of Circulation Anomalies during Stratospheric Vortex Weakening Events: The Role of Planetary-Scale Waves
Authors: Martineau Patrick , Son Seok-Woo 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
To highlight the details of stratosphere–troposphere dynamical coupling during the onset of strong polar vortex variability, this study identifies stratospheric vortex weakening (SVW) events by rapid deceleration of the polar vortex and performs composite budget analyses in the transformed Eulerian-mean (TEM) framework on daily time scales. Consistent with previous work, a rapid deceleration of the polar vortex, followed by a rather slow recovery, is largely explained by conservative dynamics with nonnegligible contribution by nonconservative sinks of wave activity. During the onset of such events, stratospheric zonal wind anomalies show a near-instantaneous vertical coupling to the troposphere, which results from an anomalous upward and poleward propagation of planetary-scale waves. In the troposphere, zonal wind anomalies are also influenced by synoptic-scale waves, confirming previous studies.
The SVW events driven by wavenumber-1 disturbances show comparable circulation anomalies to those driven by wavenumber-2 disturbances both in the stratosphere and troposphere. The former, however, exhibits more persistent anomalies after the onset than the latter. During both events, tropospheric wavenumber-1 and 2 disturbances project strongly onto the climatological waves, indicating that vertical propagation of planetary-scale waves into the stratosphere is largely caused by constructive linear interference. It is also found that the SVW-related vertical coupling is somewhat sensitive to the stratospheric mean state. Although overall evolution of zonal-mean circulation anomalies are reasonably similar under an initially weak or strong polar vortex, the time-lagged downward coupling is evident only when the polar vortex is decelerated under a weak vortex state. These results are compared with other definitions of weak polar vortex events, such as stratospheric sudden warming events.
A New Paradigm for the North Pacific Subthermocline Low-Latitude Western Boundary Current System
Authors: Qiu Bo , Chen Shuiming , Rudnick Daniel L. , Kashino Yuji 
Published: July 2015

AbstractSubthermocline western boundary circulation along the low-latitude North Pacific Ocean (2°–25°N) is investigated by using profiling float and historical CTD/expendable CTD (XCTD) data and by analyzing an eddy-resolving global OGCM output. In contrast to the existing paradigm depicting it as a reversed pattern of the wind-driven circulation above the ventilated thermocline (i.e., depth < 26.8 σθ), the subthermocline western boundary circulation is found to comprise two components governed by distinct dynamical processes. For meridional scales shorter than 400 km, the boundary flows along the Philippine coast exhibit convergent patterns near 7°, 10°, 13°, and 18°N, respectively. These short-scale boundary flows are driven by the subthermocline eastward zonal jets that exist coherently across the interior North Pacific basin and are generated by the triad instability of wind-forced annual baroclinic Rossby waves. For meridional scales longer than 400 km, a time-mean Mindanao Undercurrent (MUC) is observed from 6° to 13°N together with another northward-flowing boundary flow beneath the Kuroshio from 16° to 24°N. Rather than remote eddy forcing from the interior Pacific Ocean, both of these broad-scale subthermocline boundary flows are induced by baroclinic instability of the overlying wind-driven western boundary currents, the Mindanao Current, and Kuroshio.
Does Using a Chair Backrest or Reducing Seated Hip Flexion Influence Trunk Muscle Activity and Discomfort? A Systematic Review
Authors: Curran Máire , O’Sullivan Leonard , O’Sullivan Peter , Dankaerts Wim , O’Sullivan Kieran 
Published: July 2015

Objective: This paper systematically reviews the effect of chair backrests and reducing seated hip flexion on low back discomfort (LBD) and trunk muscle activation. Background: Prolonged sitting commonly exacerbates low back pain (LBP). Several modifications to seated posture and chair design have been recommended, including using chairs with backrests and chairs that reduce hip flexion. Method: Electronic databases were searched by two independent assessors. Part 1 of this review includes 26 studies comparing the effect of sitting with at least two different hip angles. In Part 2, seven studies that compared the effect of sitting with and without a backrest were eligible. Study quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: Significant confounding variables and a relatively small number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving people with LBP complicates analysis of the results. There was moderate evidence that chair backrests reduce paraspinal muscle activation, and limited evidence that chair backrests reduce LBD. There was no evidence that chairs involving less hip flexion reduce LBP or LBD, or consistently alter trunk muscle activation. However, participants in several studies subjectively preferred the modified chairs involving less hip flexion. Conclusion: The limited evidence to support the use of chairs involving less seated hip flexion, or the effect of a backrest, is consistent with the limited evidence that other isolated chair design features can reduce LBP. Application: LBP management is likely to require consideration of several factors in addition to sitting position. Larger RCTs involving people with LBP are required.
Evaluating the impact of healthcare scrutiny in NHS Scotland
Authors: Brimelow Susan , Downie Susan , Sands Jill 
Published: July 2015

Background and aims The Healthcare Environment Inspectorate (HEI) was established in April 2009 to undertake at least one announced and one unannounced inspection in all acute hospitals across NHSScotland every three years. A national survey was undertaken to evaluate whether the inspection programme from September 2012 to September 2013 led to demonstrable improvements and to guide the delivery of the programme in future. Methods A web-based survey and paper copies of the survey were sent to each of the 14 National Health Service boards and one special National Health Service board to capture the views of staff. Recipients of the email were requested to distribute the questionnaire to as many staff as possible involved in the inspection process. Results We received a total of 183 responses; 171 from the electronic survey and 12 from the paper survey. Responses were received from each National Health Service board and a wide range of staff groups contributed to the survey. Respondents highlighted positive aspects as well as possible areas for improvement. Conclusions The overall experience of an HEI inspection was positive, with the majority of respondents stating that inspections drive improvement for patients, and staff, and providing a varied range of examples of improvements which have been made in response to inspections. Responses, and the issues highlighted, will help inform future inspections.
Echocardiography in the Assessment of Left Atrial Pressure After Pediatric Heart Surgery
Authors: Figueras-Coll Marc , Sanchez-de-Toledo Joan , Gran Ferran , Abella Raul , Perez-Hoyos Santiago , Rosés Ferran 
Published: July 2015

Background: Correlation between ventricular end-diastolic pressure and pulsed Doppler and tissue Doppler–derived E/e’ ratio has been widely reported in adults but scarcely studied in children with congenital heart diseases. This ratio is defined as the relationship between diastolic transmitral flow velocity (cm/s; E) and myocardial diastolic relaxation velocity (cm/s; e’) in the lateral aspect of the mitral annulus. Our main objective was to ascertain whether a correlation existed between direct measurement of left atrial pressure and echocardiographic E/e’ ratio in children after heart surgery. Methods: Prospective study including 27 consecutive children after pediatric heart surgery. Data were analyzed according to whether they were obtained within the first 72 hours following surgery or later on. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and areas under the receiver–operating characteristics curve of E/e’ ratio in detection of left atrial pressure values ≥13 mm Hg were evaluated. Results: Forty-eight studies were conducted in 27 patients. Thirty-two studies were performed during the first 72 hours after heart surgery and 16 beyond the third day. Median patient age was 0.82 years (5 days-16 years). Median left atrial pressure values and E/e’ measurements of the whole cohort (N = 48) were 12.0 and 10.2, respectively. Intraclass correlation index between left atrial pressure values and echocardiographic E/e’ ratio was 0.35, 0.25 for studies performed within 72 hours, but 0.78 ( P < .01) for those performed later. There was also a high positive predictive value, since in 13 (87%) of 15 studies with an E/e’ ratio ≥13, the left atrial pressure was ≥13 mm Hg. Conclusion: While echocardiographic E/e’ ratio did not show a good correlation with left atrial pressure in the immediate postoperative period, the positive predictive value may suffice to aid clinicians in predicting elevated pressures.
Arterial Switch for Transposition of the Great Arteries With Large Ventricular Septal Defect and for Taussig Bing Anomaly
Authors: Patwary Mohammad Eliyas , Khan Mohammad Shahbaz , Marwah Ashutosh , Singh Vishal , Shekhawat Sudhir , Sharma Rajesh 
Published: July 2015

Background: Results of the arterial switch operation (ASO) for transposition of the great arteries (TGA) with large ventricular septal defect (VSD) and for Taussig Bing anomaly (TBA) in a tertiary care center of a developing country were retrospectively analyzed. Methods: From January 2007 through June 2013, a total of 30 patients with TBA and 54 patients having TGA with large VSD underwent ASO with VSD closure. Age at surgery for TBA was 27 days to 7 years (median age 3 months) and for TGA with VSD it was 1 day to 6 years (median age 2 months). In all, 46.7% of patients with TBA and 30% of patients with TGA/VSD presented with sepsis secondary to pneumonitis and were taken for surgery when the infection was under control. In all, 13% of patients with TBA and 5.5% of patients with TGA/VSD were on intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) prior to and continuing up to the time of surgery. Results: On multivariate analysis, factors associated with mortality were the presence of preoperative IPPV for pneumonia ( P < .006) and the need for peritoneal dialysis following surgery ( P < .028). Neither diagnosis of TBA or TGA/VSD nor any associated anatomical feature (including aortic arch obstruction, unusual coronary anatomy, great artery relationship, or mitral valve anomaly) was found to be related to high early mortality or late complications. Follow-up was 92% complete, with a mean duration of follow-up of 4.1 years. Freedom from reoperation was 98% at five years, and actuarial survival was 83.3% at five years. Conclusions: Our experience at a tertiary center in a developing country suggests that preoperative need for IPPV for pneumonia is a major determining factor for mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing ASO for TBA and TGA/VSD. This appears to be of greater consequence than details of the underlying disease per se.
How I treat catastrophic thrombotic syndromes
Authors: Ortel Thomas L. , Erkan Doruk , Kitchens Craig S. 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Catastrophic thrombotic syndromes are characterized by rapid onset of multiple thromboembolic occlusions affecting diverse vascular beds. Patients may have multiple events on presentation, or develop them rapidly over days to weeks. Several disorders can present with this extreme clinical phenotype, including catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), atypical presentations of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) or heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), and Trousseau syndrome, but some patients present with multiple thrombotic events in the absence of associated prothrombotic disorders. Diagnostic workup must rapidly determine which, if any, of these syndromes are present because therapeutic management is driven by the underlying disorder. With the exception of atypical presentations of TTP, which are treated with plasma exchange, anticoagulation is the most important therapeutic intervention in these patients. Effective anticoagulation may require laboratory confirmation with anti–factor Xa levels in patients treated with heparin, especially if the baseline (pretreatment) activated partial thromboplastin time is prolonged. Patients with catastrophic APS also benefit from immunosuppressive therapy and/or plasma exchange, whereas patients with HIT need an alternative anticoagulant to replace heparin. Progressive thrombotic events despite therapeutic anticoagulation may necessitate an alternative therapeutic strategy. If the thrombotic process can be controlled, these patients can recover, but indefinite anticoagulant therapy may be appropriate to prevent recurrent events.
Platelets and protease-activated receptor-4 contribute to acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice
Authors: Miyakawa Kazuhisa , Joshi Nikita , Sullivan Bradley P. , Albee Ryan , Brandenberger Christina , Jaeschke Hartmut , McGill Mitchell R. , Scott Michael A. , Ganey Patricia E. , Luyendyk James P. , Roth Robert A. 
Published: July 2015

Key Points
Platelets and PAR-4 contribute to the progression of APAP-induced liver injury in mice through independent pathways.
Genomic prediction of celiac disease targeting HLA-positive individuals
Authors: Abraham Gad , Rohmer Alexia , Tye-Din Jason A. , Inouye Michael 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Background
Genomic prediction aims to leverage genome-wide genetic data towards better disease diagnostics and risk scores. We have previously published a genomic risk score (GRS) for celiac disease (CD), a common and highly heritable autoimmune disease, which differentiates between CD cases and population-based controls at a clinically-relevant predictive level, improving upon other gene-based approaches. HLA risk haplotypes, particularly HLA-DQ2.5, are necessary but not sufficient for CD, with at least one HLA risk haplotype present in up to half of most Caucasian populations. Here, we assess a genomic prediction strategy that specifically targets this common genetic susceptibility subtype, utilizing a supervised learning procedure for CD that leverages known HLA-DQ2.5 risk.

Methods
Using L1/L2-regularized support-vector machines trained on large European case-control datasets, we constructed novel CD GRSs specific to individuals with HLA-DQ2.5 risk haplotypes (GRS-DQ2.5) and compared them with the predictive power of the existing CD GRS (GRS14) as well as two haplotype-based approaches, externally validating the results in a North American case-control study.

Results
Consistent with previous observations, both the existing GRS14 and the GRS-DQ2.5 had better predictive performance than the HLA haplotype approaches. GRS-DQ2.5 models, based on directly genotyped or imputed markers, achieved similar levels of predictive performance (AUC = 0.718-0.73), which were substantially higher than those obtained from the DQ2.5 zygosity alone (AUC = 0.558), the HLA risk haplotype method (AUC = 0.634), or the generic GRS14 (AUC = 0.679). In a screening model of at-risk individuals, the GRS-DQ2.5 lowered the number of unnecessary follow-up tests for CD across most sensitivity levels. Relative to a baseline implicating all DQ2.5-positive individuals for follow-up, the GRS-DQ2.5 resulted in a net saving of 2.2 unnecessary follow-up tests for each justified test while still capturing 90 % of DQ2.5-positive CD cases.

Conclusions
Genomic risk scores for CD that target genetically at-risk sub-groups improve predictive performance beyond traditional approaches and may represent a useful strategy for prioritizing individuals at increased risk of disease, thus potentially reducing unnecessary follow-up diagnostic tests.
A fixed point theorem for Meir-Keeler type contraction via Gupta-Saxena expression
Authors: Redjel Najeh , Dehici Abdelkader , Erhan İnci M 
Published: July 2015

AbstractIn this paper, following the idea of Samet et al. (J. Nonlinear. Sci. Appl. 6:162-169, 2013), we establish a new fixed point theorem for a Meir-Keeler type contraction via Gupta-Saxena rational expression which enables us to extend and generalize their main result (Gupta and Saxena in Math. Stud. 52:156-158, 1984). As an application we derive some fixed points of mappings of integral type.