bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) to temephos in Venezuela
Authors: Alvarez Leslie C , Ponce Gustavo , Oviedo Milagros , Lopez Beatriz , Flores Adriana E 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBACKGROUNDTemephos is an insecticide widely used in Venezuela to control the proliferation of the larvae of Aedes aegypti (L.), the principal vector of dengue virus. The aim of this study was to identify the susceptibility to temephos of Ae. aegypti in four locations in western Venezuela: Lara, Tres Esquinas, Ureña and Pampanito. Larval bioassays were conducted on samples collected in 2008 and 2010, and the levels of α‐ and β‐esterases, mixed‐function oxidases, glutathione‐S‐transferase and insensitive acethyl cholinesterase were determined.RESULTSLarval populations from western Venezuela obtained during 2008 and 2010 were found to be susceptible to temephos, with low resistance ratios and without overexpression of enzymes.CONCLUSIONSThe low RR values reveal the effectiveness of temephos in controlling the larval populations of Ae. aegypti. Control strategies must be vigorously monitored to maintain the susceptibility to temephos of these populations of Ae. aegypti. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Strong blue emission from ZnSe nanowires grown at low temperature
Authors: Zannier Valentina , Martelli Faustino , Grillo Vincenzo , Plaisier Jasper R. , Lausi Andrea , Rubini Silvia 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe report optimized photoluminescence of ZnSe nanowires grown by molecular beam epitaxy, obtained by lowering the growth temperature down to 300 °C. The low‐temperature growth method has been developed using Si(111) and GaAs(111)B substrates. On the latter, vertical oriented blue‐emitting nanowires have been obtained. The growth mecha‐ nism is discussed with the help of in‐situ and ex‐situ electronic and structural measurements. We also report strong blue luminescence from ZnSe nanowires grown on ITO‐coated glasses, demonstrating that ZnSe nanowires are optimal candidates for transparent optoelectronics. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Alexithymia as a Mediator Between Childhood Maltreatment and Impulsivity
Authors: Gaher Raluca M. , Arens Ashley M. , Shishido Hanako 
Published: November 2013

AbstractImpulsivity, specifically negative urgency, is associated with diverse health risk behaviours, yet relatively little research has examined factors contributing to negative urgency. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between childhood maltreatment, alexithymia and negative urgency. The sample was comprised of 410 undergraduate students who completed measures online. A series of regression analyses tested whether alexithymia mediated the association between childhood maltreatment and negative urgency. Results supported the hypothesized mediation model. Subsequent analyses examined effects of specific subtypes of maltreatment and alexithymia subscales. These analyses indicated that growing up in a punishing environment (e.g. being hit or beat; expected to follow a strict code of behaviour) was indirectly associated with negative urgency via difficulty identifying feelings, suggesting that excessive use of punishment during childhood may reduce the development of the ability to identify and label feeling states. This difficulty in emotional processing may in turn lead to acting rashly when emotionally aroused. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Significance of Preoperative Evaluation of the Right Gastroepiploic Artery Graft to the Coronary Artery in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Ito Shuhei , Yamaguchi Shohei , Saeki Hiroshi , Oki Eiji , Tayama Eiki , Ikejiri Koji , Morita Masaru , Maehara Yoshihiko 
Published: November 2013

AbstractBackground
A major concern with the use of the right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA) as the graft for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the potential for injury, which can result in critical myocardial ischemia during future abdominal surgery.MethodsWe examined the availability of preoperative image evaluation, preoperative recognition of the RGEA graft, and operative findings such as graft identification, graft injury, and cardiac events in 11 patients who underwent abdominal surgery after CABG using the RGEA as the graft.ResultsPrior to the abdominal surgery, contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT) was performed in all 11 patients, while coronary angiography or three‐dimensional CT angiography was performed in five patients. We detected the RGEA graft retrospectively in nine of ten patients in whom the images from contrast‐enhanced CT were still available. Among the seven patients whose RGEA grafts were in the operative field, the RGEA graft was identified in five patients, while the RGEA graft was not identified in the remaining two patients because of adhesions. There were no intraoperative cardiac events in any of the 11 patients.ConclusionsIt is important to determine whether an RGEA graft is present when repeat laparotomy is required after CABG. In cases where an RGEA graft is present, it is essential to evaluate the patency and location of the graft since this will be crucial for planning the reoperation strategy. Preoperative recognition and evaluation of the RGEA graft can help avoid graft injury, even if the graft cannot be detected intraoperatively.
Surgeons Are Overlooking Post‐Discharge Complications: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Visser A. , Ubbink D. T. , Gouma D. J. , Goslings J. C. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIntroductionThe registration of surgical complications is an important quality indicator of hospital medical care. Previous research has suggested that surgeons only record certain complications after discharge. The extent and impact of this potential under‐recording of post‐discharge complications is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine the frequency, type, and grade of post‐discharge complications as reported by patients and their surgeons.MethodsA prospective cohort study was performed in the Department of Surgery of a University Medical Center. From December 2008 until August 2009, all adult surgical patients were interviewed by phone or questionnaire 1 month after their discharge to inquire about any new complications after discharge. These complications were compared with the surgeon‐reported post‐discharge complications and letters from the outpatient clinic as documented in the patients’ medical files.ResultsA total of 976 patients were included. Patients reported more complications (659) than did surgeons (465), especially psychological disturbances (4.2 vs. 0 %). A medical consult was needed in 527 (80 %) of the patient‐reported complications. Of all patient‐reported complications, 291 (44 %) resulted in a visit to the outpatient clinic, 144 (22 %) in a consultation with a general practitioner, and 92 (14 %) led to referral to a hospital; 743 (76 %) were treated non‐operatively.ConclusionSurgeons are unaware of many of the complications their patients experience after discharge. These post‐discharge complications are important to patients and are therefore relevant to be aware of and to act upon whenever necessary.
Enhanced production of erythritol by Yarrowia lipolytica on glycerol in repeated batch cultures
Authors: Mirończuk Aleksandra M , Furgała Joanna , Rakicka Magdalena , Rymowicz Waldemar 
Published: November 2013

Abstract
Erythritol is an important natural sweetener, industrially produced only by fermentation on glucose media. Glycerol is an important renewable feedstock as it is the major by-product of the biodiesel production process; here we present an alternative way to convert this low-cost substrate into value-added products, such as erythritol. Repeated batch cultures (RBC) were performed to improve the productivity of erythritol from pure and crude glycerol. An acetate negative mutant of Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1 was found to be applicable for the production of high amounts of erythritol in RBC. When 20 % of fresh replaced medium was added, the strain Wratislavia K1 was able to produce 220 g l −1 erythritol, which corresponded to a 0.43 g g−1 yield and a productivity of 0.54 g l−1 h−1. Additionally, the activity of the culture remained stable for more than 1,000 h, i.e., 11 cycles of the repeated batch bioreactors.
Monounsaturated 14:1n‐9 and 16:1n‐9 Fatty Acids but not 18:1n‐9 Induce Apoptosis and Necrosis in Murine HL‐1 Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Hoffmann Lars , Seibt Annette , Herebian Diran , Spiekerkoetter Ute 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPatients with inborn errors of long‐chain fatty acid oxidation accumulate disease‐specific acylcarnitines and triacylglycerols in various tissues. Some of these patients present significant cardiac diseases such as arrhythmias and cardiomyopathy. The mechanism of how fatty acid accumulation is involved in disease pathogenesis is still unclear but apoptosis of cardiomyocytes has been suggested to be one possible mechanism of cardiomyopathy development. In this study, we measured lipid uptake and intracellular lipid accumulation after incubation of HL1 cardiomyocytes with different saturated and monounsaturated long‐ and medium‐chain fatty acid species for various time periods and at different physiological concentrations. We assessed apoptosis induction by analyzing the mitochondrial membrane potential and TLR‐4 expression as well as the composition of the accumulating triacylglycerols. We identified only 14:1 and 16:1 monounsaturated fatty acids potentially leading to an increase in TLR‐4 expression and disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in apoptosis and necrosis in cultured cardiomyocytes. This study demonstrates significant toxicity of especially those fatty acid species in vitro that significantly accumulate in fatty acid oxidation defects presenting with cardiac disease such as very long‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase, carnitine acylcarnitine translocase and carnitine palmitoyl‐CoA transferase deficiencies.
RESISTING RESISTING EXTERNALISM
Authors: Buford Chris , Brueckner Anthony 
Published: November 2013

AbstractIn “Externalism Resisted,” Jonathan Vogel addresses some important, foundational questions about the nature of justification. Vogel's focus is on Ernest Sosa's case against internalism about justification in Epistemic Justification. We defend Sosa against criticism leveled by Vogel. We also question whether Vogel himself can accept what he labels the connection thesis, a thesis that figures prominently in his arguments against Sosa.
DEFICIENT TESTIMONY IS DEFICIENT TEAMWORK
Authors: Green Adam 
Published: November 2013

AbstractJennifer Lackey presents a puzzle to which she argues there is no current solution. Lackey's claim is that testimonial knowledge can have something conspicuously wrong with it and still be knowledge. Testimonial knowledge can be ‘deficient’. Given that knowledge is a normative category, that it describes what it is for a belief to go right, there is a puzzle that comes with accounting for how a testimonial belief could be knowledge and yet go wrong in the ways Lackey has in mind. In this paper, I argue that the deficiency is one of teamwork, and that Lackey's puzzle offers one a window into the respect in which testimony is a kind of team achievement.
Elastically induced turbulence in Taylor–Couette flow: direct numerical simulation and mechanistic insight
Authors: Liu Nansheng , Khomami Bamin 
Published: November 2013

AbstractDirect numerical simulation (DNS) of elastically induced turbulent flows has posed great challenges to researchers engaged in developing first-principle models and simulations that can predict faithfully the complex spatio-temporal dynamics of polymeric flows. To this end, DNS of elastically induced turbulent flow states in the Taylor–Couette (TC) flow are reported here with the aim of paving the way for a mechanistic understanding of this new class of flows. Specifically, the DNS not only faithfully reproduce the key feature of elastically induced turbulent flows, namely, substantial excitation of fluid motion at the smallest temporal and spatial scales, but also for the first time demonstrate the existence of three distinct flow regions in the gap for the inertio-elastic turbulence state: (i) a fluid-inertia (or outflow-) dominated inner-wall region; (ii) a fluid-elasticity (or inflow-) dominated outer-wall region; and (iii) an inflow/outflow core region. Based on this observation, a simple mechanism for the inertio-elastic turbulence in the TC flow has been postulated.
On the longitudinal optimal perturbations to inviscid plane shear flow: formal solution and asymptotic approximation
Authors: Arratia C. , Chomaz J.-M. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractWe study the longitudinal linear optimal perturbations (which maximize the energy gain up to a prescribed time $T$) to inviscid parallel shear flow, which present unbounded energy growth due to the lift-up mechanism. Using the phase invariance with respect to time, we show that for an arbitrary base flow profile and optimization time, the computation of the optimal longitudinal perturbation reduces to the resolution of a single one-dimensional eigenvalue problem valid for all times. The optimal perturbation and its amplification are then derived from the lowest eigenvalue and its associated eigenfunction, while the remainder of the infinite set of eigenfunctions provides an orthogonal base for decomposing the evolution of arbitrary perturbations. With this new formulation we obtain, asymptotically for large spanwise wavenumber ${k}_{z} , $ a prediction of the optimal gain and the localization of inviscid optimal perturbations for the two main classes of parallel flows: free shear flow with an inflectional velocity profile, and wall-bounded flow with maximum shear at the wall. We show that the inviscid optimal perturbations are localized around the point of maximum shear in a region with a width scaling like ${ k}_{z}^{- 1/ 2} $ for free shear flow, and like ${ k}_{z}^{- 2/ 3} $ for wall-bounded shear flows. This new derivation uses the stationarity of the base flow to transform the optimization of initial conditions in phase space into the optimization of a temporal phase along each trajectory, and an optimization among all trajectories labelled by their intersection with a codimension-1 subspace. The optimization of the time phase directly imposes that the initial and final energy growth rates of the optimal perturbation should be equal. This result requires only time invariance of the base flow, and is therefore valid for any linear optimal perturbation problem with stationary base flow.
ALMOST AUTOMORPHIC SOLUTIONS FOR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH PIECEWISE CONSTANT ARGUMENT
Authors: ZHANG LI-LI , LI HONG-XU 
Published: November 2013

AbstractUsing the method of exponential dichotomies, we establish a new existence and uniqueness theorem for almost automorphic solutions of differential equations with piecewise constant argument of the form$$\begin{eqnarray*}{x}^{\prime } (t)= A(t)x(t)+ B(t)x(\lfloor t\rfloor )+ f(t), \quad t\in \mathbb{R} ,\end{eqnarray*}$$where$\lfloor \cdot \rfloor $denotes the greatest integer function, and$A(t), B(t): \mathbb{R} \rightarrow { \mathbb{R} }^{q\times q} $,$f(t): \mathbb{R} \rightarrow { \mathbb{R} }^{q} $are all almost automorphic.
Nitrogen use and food production in European regions from a global perspective
Authors: VAN GRINSVEN H. J. M. , SPIERTZ J. H. J. , WESTHOEK H. J. , BOUWMAN A. F. , ERISMAN J. W. 
Published: November 2013

SUMMARYCurrent production systems for crops, meat, dairy and bioenergy in the European Union (EU) rely strongly on the external input of nitrogen (N). These systems show a high productivity per unit of land. However, the drawback is a complex web of N pollution problems contributing in a major way to degradation of ecosystems. European Union Directives and national policies have improved nutrient management and reduced fertilizer N use in most European countries, which has curbed the N pollution trends particularly in regions with high stocking rates of animals. However, improvement is slowing down and environmental targets for N are not within reach. Building on the 2011 European Nitrogen Assessment, the current paper reviews key features of the complex relationships between N use and food production in Europe in order to develop novel options for a more N-efficient, less N-polluting and secure European food system. One option is to relocate feed and livestock production from Northwestern to Central and Eastern Europe. This would allow a reduction of N rates and N pollution in cereal production in Northwest Europe by 30% (50 kg N/ha), while increasing total cereal production in Europe. Another option is a change towards legume-based cropping systems to produce animal feed, in order to decrease dependence on N fertilizer and feed imports. The greatest challenge for Europe is to decrease the demand for feed commodities, and thus for land and N, by a shift to more balanced (and healthier) diets with less animal protein. These drastic changes can be stimulated by targeted public–private research funding, while the actual implementation can be enhanced by smart payment schemes using, for example money from the Common Agricultural Policy, certification and agreements between stakeholders and players in the food and energy chain. Involving networks of consumers, producers and non-governmental organizations is critical. An effective strategy starts with convincing consumers with a Western diet to eat less meat and dairy by communicating the associated health benefits and smaller ecological footprints. Internalizing the cost of N pollution leading to increased prices for N-intensive food products may also enhance involvement of consumers and provide financial resources to compensate farmers for loss of income and extra costs for stricter N measures.
A NOTE ON TRAVELLING WAVES IN COMPETITIVE REACTION SYSTEMS
Authors: FORBES LAWRENCE K. 
Published: November 2013

AbstractThis note considers an established reaction–diffusion model for a combustion system, in which there are competing endothermic and exothermic reaction pathways. A combustion front is assumed to move at constant speed through the medium. An asymptotic theory is presented for solid fuels in which material diffusion is ignored, and it allows a simple and complete analysis of the approximate system in the phase plane. Both the adiabatic and nonadiabatic cases are discussed.
Soluble expression of proteins correlates with a lack of positively-charged surface
Authors: Chan Pedro , Curtis Robin A. , Warwicker Jim 
Published: November 2013

AbstractPrediction of protein solubility is gaining importance with the growing use of protein molecules as therapeutics and ongoing requirements for high level expression. We have investigated protein surface features that correlate with insolubility. Non-polar surface patches associate to some degree with insolubility, but this is far exceeded by the association with positively-charged patches. Negatively-charged patches do not separate insoluble/soluble subsets. The separation of soluble and insoluble subsets by positive charge clustering (area under the curve for a ROC plot is 0.85) has a striking parallel with the separation that delineates nucleic acid-binding proteins, although most of the insoluble dataset are not known to bind nucleic acid. Additionally, these basic patches are enriched for arginine, relative to lysine. The results are discussed in the context of expression systems and downstream processing, contributing to a view of protein solubility in which the molecular interactions of charged groups are far from equivalent.
Phosphorylation of bacterial-type phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase by a Ca2+-dependent protein kinase suggests a link between Ca2+ signalling and anaplerotic pathway control in developing castor oil seeds
Authors: Hill Allyson T. , Ying Sheng , Plaxton William C. 
Published: November 2013

The aim of the present study was to characterize the native protein kinase [BTPC (bacterial-type phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase)-K (BTPC Ser451 kinase)] that in vivo phosphorylates Ser451 of the BTPC subunits of an unusual Class-2 PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate) carboxylase hetero-octameric complex of developing COS (castor oil seeds). COS BTPC-K was highly purified by PEG fractionation and hydrophobic size-exclusion anion-exchange and affinity chromatographies. BTPC-K phosphorylated BTPC strictly at Ser451 (Km=1.0 μM; pH optimum=7.3), a conserved target residue occurring within an intrinsically disordered region, as well as the protein histone III-S (Km=1.7 μM), but not a COS plant-type PEP carboxylase or sucrose synthase or α-casein. Its activity was Ca2+- (K0.5=2.7 μM) and ATP- (Km=6.6 μM) dependent, and markedly inhibited by trifluoperazine, 3-phosphoglycerate and PEP, but insensitive to calmodulin or 14-3-3 proteins. BTPC-K exhibited a native molecular mass of ~63 kDa and was soluble rather than membrane-bound. Inactivation and reactivation occurred upon BTPC-K's incubation with GSSG and then DTT respectively. Ser451 phosphorylation by BTPC-K inhibited BTPC activity by ~50% when assayed under suboptimal conditions (pH 7.3, 1 mM PEP and 10 mM L-malate). Our collective results indicate a possible link between cytosolic Ca2+ signalling and anaplerotic flux control in developing COS.
Experimental demonstration of simultaneous SPM and XPM mitigation using combined techniques of optical compensation and multichannel single‐stage DBP
Authors: Kishikawa H. , Kawai T. , Shibahara K. , Fukutoku M. 
Published: November 2013

A novel system mitigating self‐phase and cross‐phase modulation effects simultaneously using optical dispersion compensation at optical nodes and multichannel single‐stage digital backward propagation (DBP) is proposed. Experiments demonstrate 2.4 dB Q‐factor improvements with both self‐phase modulation and cross‐phase modulation compensation.
CMOS low‐power bandwidth‐improved derivative superposition mixer using parasitic NPN BJTs
Authors: Wang Keping , Lei Xuemei 
Published: November 2013

A low‐power bandwidth‐improved derivative superposition (DS) mixer in a standard 90 nm CMOS technology is analysed in depth. The negative gm″ in saturated NMOS pseudo‐differential transistor is compensated by the positive gm″ in the parasitic NPN bipolar junction transistor. Compared with the traditional DS mixer using the dual‐NMOS method, the proposed DS mixer shows a wider bandwidth owing to the lower parasitic capacitance at the base. The maximum conversion gain of the DS mixer is 7.2 dB with the 1 dB frequency bandwidth from 0.5 to 6 GHz. Compared with the Gilbert‐type mixer, the third‐order input interception point (IIP3) is improved by about 7.5 dB. The DS mixer consumes a DC power of 3.8 mW under 1 V supply.
Phase‐apodisation technique to extend depth of field for high‐frequency ultrasound imaging
Authors: Jeong J.S. 
Published: November 2013

The quality of focusing in high‐frequency ultrasound imaging is significantly affected by the length of the depth of field (DOF). A dual‐concentric transducer combined with a phase‐apodisation scheme is presented to achieve the extended DOF maintaining signal‐to‐noise ratio. As a preliminary study, computational simulation by using a Field‐II program is conducted to demonstrate the feasibility. A dual‐concentric transducer is composed of a disc‐ and a ring‐type element with confocal apertures. When two input signals with 0° and 180° phases are simultaneously applied to the inner and outer elements, a bifocal‐zone is generated in the axial direction. The overall − 6 dB DOF is 40% longer compared with a single element transducer. Thus, the proposed scheme can be a potential approach to increase the DOF for high‐frequency ultrasound imaging.