bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
874 – Neuroimaging Studies In Bulimia Nervosa: Current And Future Research Maps
Authors: Castro L. , Conceição E. , Vaz A.R. , Osório E. , Brandão I. , Bastos-Leite A.J. , Machado P.P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionBulimia nervosa is one the main subtypes of eating disorders. Recent neurobiological research is greatly contributing to the understanding of eating disorders.ObjectivesTo review and discuss current topics under investigation with neuroimaging studies in bulimia nervosa, as well as future interesting lines of research in this area.AimTo analyze the state of the art of neuroimaging research in bulimia nervosa.MethodsMEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies, published between 2000 and 2012, by using combinations of the Medline Subject Heading terms neuroimaging and bulimia nervosa. A selection of relevant articles to the study aim was carried out. An analysis of the reviewed studies including current topics of research and future suggestions was also done.ResultsArticles reviewed encompassed functional and structural neuroimaging or clinical reviews, connectivity and neurotransmitter studies, as well as debate or opinion articles. The main topics addressed were cerebral activation secondary to food stimuli, neuropsychological paradigms, diagnosis and classification of eating disorders based on neurobiological findings, neurobiology of eating disorders, and disordered eating mechanisms. The main future research avenues proposed were development of eating disorder psychopathology-related fMRI paradigms, as well as connectivity-based and molecular imaging studies.ConclusionsThe neurobiology of eating disorders is a growing exciting field of research. Neurobiological studies, namely neuroimaging studies in bulimia nervosa, may provide an important research framework for a better knowledge of psychopathological mechanisms of eating disorders.
877 – Structural Neuroimaging Studies In Bulimia Nervosa: a Review
Authors: Castro L. , Conceição E. , Vaz A.R. , Osório E. , Brandão I. , Bastos-Leite A.J. , Machado P.P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe understanding of neurobiology of eating disorders has received a remarkable contribution from neuroimaging research.ObjectiveTo review the literature on structural neuroimaging in bulimia nervosa.AimTo discuss recent contributions of structural neuroimaging to the understanding of bulimia nervosa.MethodsMEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies, published between 2000 and 2012, by using combinations of the Medline Subject Heading terms structural neuroimaging and bulimia nervosa. A selection of relevant articles to the aim of this review was carried out.ResultsRelatively few articles on structural neuroimaging were found in bulimia nervosa, and the studies showed conflicting results. Some studies reported evidence of brain volume loss in patients with bulimia nervosa, possibly related to associated chronic dietary restriction. Other studies have found increased grey matter volumes in frontal and ventral striatal areas. Finally, further studies did not find any structural abnormality at all in patients with bulimia nervosa, compared to healthy control subjects.ConclusionsThe scarce literature available on structural neuroimaging in bulimia nervosa provides conflicting results. Further studies are, therefore, warranted.
884 – Comparative Evaluation Of Sexual Attitude And Function Of Normal And Dysmenorrhea Patients With The Qsaf 2009
Authors: Pirkalani K.K. , Talaee Rad Z. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionDysmenorrhea causes much morbidity in high percentage of the population and despite its uniform molecular pathogenesis exhibits wide range of symptoms.ObjectiveMany patients attribute menstrual symptoms to sex while others attribute it to an intra-abdominal organic disease.AimTo evaluate whether dysmenorrhea patients have peculiar notion about sexMethodWe evaluated 60 normal and 60 dysmenorrhea patients with QSAF-2009. The latter group used routinely drugs for dysmenorrhea in a PRN basis. Dysmenorrhea was not graded according to severity and stress was laid on personal view about the matter (major concern versus no concern).ResultPatients without dysmenorrhea were sexually more self conscious, became sexually active earlier in their life, had lower scores in most sexual dysfunction scales, had higher scores in experimentation, sensational, erotic, extramarital relationship, sex addiction and lower scales in couple problems while women with dysmenorrhea showed higher scores in couple problems, sexual pain syndromes, vaginism and a series of psychodynamic syndromes (0.04>p>0.07). Curiously, these people showed higher scores in homo- bisexuality scales. They showed high rates of sexual guilt feeling and the overall validity of their test was questioned. They showed increased reluctance to answer the questions, regarded their problems as personal secrets and reported fewer visits to gynecologists. They preferred female gynecologists, and had never been visited by midwives. Most of them preferred cesarean delivery under general anesthesia.ConclusionWe conclude that dysmenorrhea patients are categorically distinct from normal persons in regard to their sexual attitude and function.
891 – Consanguinity Multiplex And Schizophrenia - The Royal Road To Genes Of Major Effect
Authors: Mahmood T. , Cardno A. , Nazar Q. , Clapcote S. , Inglehearn C. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionMulti-factorial aetiology of schizophrenia has an undeniably large genetic component. Attempts to elucidate its genetics with large case control studies have met with limited success and other approaches are warranted.Method & resultsIn an extended family (pedigree 1) in which two sets of siblings - children of a brother and sister - are intermarried; six members with DSM-IV schizophrenia share a 6MB region of homozygosity on chromosome 13q. One out of twelve genes at this locus shows a sequence change in its promoter region.[Pedigree 1]Another family (pedigree 2) with two affected brothers has revealed two loci of homozygosity on chromosomes 5 and 9.[Pedigree 2]A third family with nine cases of psychosis is being investigated.ConclusionAn approach which focuses on families with multiple cases in one generation and evidence of consanguinity in parents may be particularly successful for identifying recessive genes.
892 – The Association Between Cannabis Use And Depression: a Systematic Review And Meta-analysis Of Longitudinal Studies
Authors: Lev-Ran S. , Roerecke M. , Le Foll B. , George T. , McKenzie K. , Rehm J. 
Published: July 2013

BackgroundLongitudinal studies reporting the association between cannabis use and developing depression provide mixed results. The objective of this study was to establish the extent to which different patterns of use of cannabis are associated with the development of depression using meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.MethodsPeer-reviewed publications that compared the risk of development of depression in cannabis users and non-userst were located using searches of EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsychINFO and ISI Web of Science. Data on measures of cannabis use, measures of depression and control variables were extracted. Odds ratios were extracted by age and length of follow-up.ResultsAfter screening 3,905 articles, 55 articles were selected for full-text review, of which 12 were included in the quantitative analysis. The odds for cannabis users developing depression compared to controls was 1.26 (95%CI=1.10-1.44). The odds for heavy cannabis users developing depression was 1.72 (95%CI=1.27-2.34), compared to non-users or light users. Meta-regression revealed no significant differences in effect based on age of subjects or length of follow-up in the individual studies. There was large heterogeneity in the number and type of control variables in the different studies.ConclusionsCannabis use, and particularly heavy cannabis use, may be associated with an increased risk for developing depressive disorders. Despite limitations due to heterogeneity in control variables, this study represents the current state of knowledge on this association. In order to establish a more precise dose-response relationship between cannabis use and the risk of developing depression, future longitudinal exploration should take into account cumulative exposure to cannabis.
893 – Fictional Baby
Authors: Duarte M. , Tarelho A. , Fraga M. , Carriço P. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPseudocyesis have been crossing several centuries under different terms. Recently there has been an evolution around the factors involved, being recognized a complex relation between psychological mechanisms, neuroendocrine imbalances and sociocultural factors.ObjectivesTo present a clinical case and revisit the literature about pseudocyesis. A reflection about the etiological factors potentially involved and the importance of the cooperation between Psychiatrist, Family Physician and Obstetrician on Somatoform Disorders.MethodsLiterary review for understanding the clinical case and diagnosis and treatment discussion.ResultsA woman, followed at Psychiatric appointments for history of drug addiction, presents a clinical chart compatible with pseudocyesis recurrent episode. Several questions are raised about the possible factors associated, considering pathophysiological, neuroendocrine and psychological models. It's also assessed the best therapeutic approach to motivate the patient towards therapeutic compliance, being crucial the coordination between the several health care professionals.ConclusionsThere aren’t many case reports about pseudocyesis, and there is even less data related specifically to patients with an addictive disorder. Besides the psychological factors classically associated with this somatoform disorder, it is necessary to consider endocrine and neurophysiological factors in outlining the etiological mechanisms. It is also acknowledged the crucial importance of a multidisciplinary approach between the several health care professionals, that should be aware to these cases in order to promote the therapeutic compliance by the patients. Early detection and empathic communication with the patient are the most important factors to be valued on an approach which should be socio-familial, biomedical and psychotherapeutic.
905 – No Association Between Sgk1 Gene Rs1743964 Polymorphic Variant And Schizophrenia
Authors: Fedorenko O. , Losenkov I. , Vyalova N. , Rudikov E. , Gavrilova V. , Boyarko E. , Semke A. , Ivanova S. 
Published: July 2013

The early gene serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1) has a striking expression profile after antipsychotic drug treatment in the brain regions associated with schizophrenia. SGK1 is involved into regulation of multiple neuronal proteins playing an important role in pathophysiology of brain diseases. The aim of this study was to study the association of polymorphic variant rs1743964 with schizophrenia in Russian population of Siberian region. We have examined 332 schizophrenic patients from the Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk. Control group included 100 healthy persons. Genotyping of rs1743964 has been carried out using ABI StepOne Plus with TaqMan1 Validated SNP Genotyping Assay (Applied Biosystems). Comparison of genotypes frequencies of SGK1 gene rs1743964 polymorphic variant in groups of patients with schizophrenia and healthy persons has not revealed statistically significant difference. The genotypes distribution has been shown as follows: AA (46,4% and 41,7%), AG (43,7% and 46,9%), GG (9,9% and 11,5%) in schizophrenic patients and healthy persons, respectively. Thus, there is no association between SGK1 gene rs1743964 polymorphic variant and schizophrenia in Russian population of Siberian region.This work has been completed under support of RFBR grant “12-04-01317-a The role of SGK1 and CLCNKB gene polymorphisms in the pathophysiology of mental disorders” and FCP grant 8140 “Developing of basic socially significant mental disorders markers complex based on study of molecular-genetic mechanisms of neuronal proteinkinase signal pathways dysregulation”.
911 – Development Of a Psycho-sensory Hallucinations Scale In Schizophrenia And Parkinson's Disease (psas Scale)
Authors: Chéreau-Boudet I. , Pereira B. , Durif F. , Llorca P.-M. , de Chazeron I. 
Published: July 2013

Although visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease (PD) have been described in several major studies, little is known about over psycho-sensory hallucinations witch are hallmark symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ). The purpose of this study was to to create and validate a specific tool for the assessment of all sensory modality of hallucinations in PD and SCZ.The Psycho- Sensory hAllucinations Scale (PSAS) was developed with sixteen items to evaluate the core aspect of hallucinations (‘guardian angel’; auditory, visual, olfactory and gustatory, cenesthetic modalities). It was then evaluated in patients with SCZ and idiopathic PD who met the hallucination criteria.Results86 PD patients and 51 SCZ were evaluated by using the PSAS scale. Data from correlational analyses supported the construct and discriminant validity of the scale in all hallucinatory modalities were related to both gold-standard (PANSS P3 and UPDRS I Item2). Test-retest reliability (33 SCZ and 50 PD) over a 1-week interval determined 2 patients groups :stable : there's no significant (p>.05) differences between before and after measurements in each domainand unstable: all sub-scale and total score significantly (in the range .045 to .002) changed.Inter-rater reliability (18 SCZ and 17 PD) varied by subscale sense hallucinations and domain-specific κs ranged from .56 to .94.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the usefulness of PSAS as a clinical tool is for initial detailed evaluation and monitoring changes in hallucinations, in SCZ and PD. The next step will be to compare all modality hallucinatory manifestations in PD and schizophrenia.
915 – Existential Anxiety And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms In a Sample Of Psychiatric Outpatients
Authors: Khodabux N. , Silva C. Tschiedel Belem da , Birmes P. , Schmitt L. , Bui E. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionExistential anxiety (EA) has been described as the anxiety about the meaning of life, death and the necessity to make choices (Tillich, 1953).Although recent research found EA to be associated with trauma and general psychological symptoms in community samples (Weems et al. 2004), to date, no study has investigated its relationship with trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in psychiatric outpatients.ObjectiveTo examine the association between EA and self-reported trauma history and PTSD symptoms in psychiatric outpatients.MethodsSeventy-two stable psychiatric outpatients (mean(SD) age=46.1(14), 55% females) were assessed with the Existential Anxiety Questionnaire (EAQ; score ranging 0-39), the Trauma History Questionnaire which reports on criminal experiences, natural disasters, death exposure and questioning about physical and sexual experiences, and the PTSD Checklist (PCL; score ranging 17-85).ResultsMean(SD) EAQ and PCL scores were 20.0(7.8) and 40.0(15), respectively. A majority of participants (93%) reported at least one lifetime trauma exposure. Results revealed a positive correlation between existential anxiety and lifetime trauma exposure (r=.28, p< .05).Furthermore, in patients with lifetime trauma exposure, increased EA was associated with increased PCL total score (r=.57, p< .001) as well as with all PTSD symptom clusters: re-experiencing (r=0.45, p < 0.001), hyperarousal (r=.51, p< .001) and avoidance (r=.53, p < .01).ConclusionOur findings suggest that EA might be an interesting construct to examine further in the assessment and treatment of PTSD and paves the way for empirical investigations of existential therapies.
918 – The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence And Personality Specification With The Job Satisfaction Status Of Male Guidance School Teachers Of Islamshahr
Authors: Hazrati E. 
Published: July 2013

The present research was done to determine the relationship between the emotional intelligence and personality features with the Islamshahr boy Junior High School teacher's job satisfaction. The social statistics of the present research concluded all the boy Junior High School teachers of the ministry education of Islamshahr in 2012.140 people, who had been selected through clustered stage sampling, were involved in the research. The research tools of the Brodberry emotional intelligence questionaire consisted of four components (self-consciousness, self-management, social awareness, and relation management) Neo questionaire with five components (psychoneurosis, extroversion, openness, agreement, and conscientiousness), and the Herzberg's job satisfaction with two components(hygienic factors, and motivational factors).The results of the statistical analysis through the Pearson correlative and Regevsiven multiple model showed that there is a meaningful relationship between the three emotional intelligence, personality features, and job satisfaction variables. Also, some of the components of emotional intelligence and personality features can predict the job satisfaction and its components.
920 – Diagnostic Difficulties In Post-stroke Depression: a Case Report
Authors: Ribeiro B. , Ribeiro J.P. , Ribeiro Â. , von Doellinger O. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe occurrence of a depressive disorder after a neurological disease is a condition classified in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) as an Organic mood [affective] disorders [F06.3], and in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) as a Mood disorder due to a general medical condition [298.83]. Cerebrovascular disease is associated with an increased risk for depression, with incidence rates of 30-40%. Frequency of post-stroke depression is highest during the first month after the ischemic event, but remains high for several years.Objectives/aimsThe aim of this poster is to show and discuss some troublesome and complex issues on diagnosing and managing patients with post-stroke depression, based on a case report.MethodsHerein we report a case of a 46-year-old woman, without significant prior psychiatric history, who presented with depressive symptoms after left middle cerebral artery stroke (with cardioembolic source) and right hemiplegia/hemiparesis and motor aphasia sequelae.Results/conclusionDepression has shown to be the most common psychiatric post-stroke complication, and the one associated with a worse poorer functional prognosis. It may be difficult to accurately diagnose a post-stroke depression, particularly in patients with aphasia, anosognosia and other cognitive dysfunctions.
933 – Evaluation Of Cortisol Level And Cell-mediated Immunity Response Changes In Individuals With Post-traumatic Stress Disorder As a Consequence Of War
Authors: Masoudzadeh A. , Modanlookordi M. , Ajami A. , Azizi A. 
Published: July 2013

AimTo investigate the level of blood and urine cortisol and cell mediated immunity response changes among patients with post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from war.MethodsIn this case-control study, 20 patients with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with the mean age of 41.9±7.6 and 20 healthy individuals (control group) with the mean age of 42.4±7.6 were compared. At the beginning, 24-hour urine and blood samples were obtained, and three antigens, tuberculosis, tetanus and candida were injected sub-cutaneously. Skin reaction was evaluated for each of the injections. Analysis was performed using t-test.ResultsThere was a significant increase regarding cell-mediated immunity in cases in comparison with the controls (p =0.017) and also a significant increase of blood cortisol was observed in cases (p = 0.003). There was no significant difference in two groups regarding urine cortisol level.ConclusionThis study showed that there was a significant difference in the activation of cell-mediated immunity in PTSD patients as compared to control group. This increase in activity was not due to the influence of life stressors or intensity of illness signs or following illnesses. It is recommended to study and treat the autoimmune disease in PTSD patients more seriously in the countries like Iran that were involved in war problems.
936 – Impairment Of Gaze-induced Spatial Coding In Patients With Recent-onset Schizophrenia
Authors: Röder C. , Dieleman S. , Mohr H. , Anje S. , van Beveren N. , Linden D.E.J. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionPatients with schizophrenia (SC) show deficits in the processing of social cues. Little is known whether this deficit in social cognition also influences non-social, “cold” cognition. Interactions between these domains can be tested with a Simon task using social stimuli (gaze direction).AimWe investigated whether the Simon effect, the slowing of reaction times produced by stimulus incongruities in the spatial domain, differs in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls as a function of the social nature of the cues. Participants: Thirty-five recent-onset, male SC and 30 male HC participated in the study.MethodsWe used the gaze-direction Simon effect paradigm described by Zorzi et al.[1], in which the Simon effect is generated by a schematic drawing of human eyes (social cues) or rectangles (non-social cues).ResultsOverall SC had longer reaction times. Furthermore, groups showed a Simon effect in both tasks. While in HC the Simon effect was stronger in the eye-like compared to the rectangle condition, for SC the Simon effect was less strong in the eye-like compared to the rectangle condition. Current psychopathology or treatment with antipsychotics did not influence results.DiscussionAlthough the Simon effect is present in SC, the influence of social cues was much reduced in the patient group.ConclusionThe present study supports earlier findings of altered processing of social cues in SC. Crucially; we demonstrated that this deficit in social cueing affects early attentional processes in schizophrenia.
965 – Mortality And Psychiatric Disorders Among Public Mental Health Care Clients In Utrecht: a Register-based Cohort Study
Authors: Termorshuizen F. , van Bergen A.P. , Smit R.B. , Smeets H.M. , van Ameijden E.J. 
Published: July 2013

IntroductionThe mortality among homeless people is linked to the presence of psychiatric disorders.ObjectivesWe compared the risk of specific death causes among clients of the Public Mental Health care (PMHc) in Utrecht with that of the general population, and assessed whether treatment at a local psychiatric service is associated with this risk.AimsTo clarify the association between the presence of a mental disorder and mortality among the socially marginalized.MethodsOut of 8,741 clients in the PMHc register, the records of 6,724 could be linked to the registries of Statistics Netherlands (CBS). Controls (N=66,247) from the population register were personally matched to a PMHc client. A Cox regression analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of death.ResultsAn increased all-cause mortality among PMHc clients compared to controls was found (HR=2.99, 95%-CI: 2.63- 3.41), associated with a broad range of death causes.PMHc clients with record linkage to the Psychiatric Case Registry Middle Netherlands (’PMHc+’) had an increased risk of suicide (HR=2.63, 0.99-7.02), but a lower risk of death from natural causes (HR=0.71, 0.54-0.92), compared to PMHc clients without (‘PMHc-’). Compared to controls, however, ‘PMHc-’ clients experienced increased risks of suicide (HR=3.63, 1.42-9.26) and death due to mental & behavioural disorders (HR=7.85, 3.54- 17.43).ConclusionAmong PMHc clients, a registered diagnosis at a local psychiatric service appears to be favourably associated with lower mortality due to natural death causes. The high risk of suicide among ‘PMHc-’ clients probably indicates a high prevalence of undiagnosed mental disorders among PMHc clients.