bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ‘glass ceiling’ of Germany’s socio-ecological transformation: Citizen, expert, and local stakeholder perspectives on responsibility for change
Authors: Kreinin Halliki , Mamut Pia , Fuchs Doris 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe IPCC (2022) underscores the urgent need to transform economic and social systems to stay within the ~1.5 °C warming threshold, with the pressure placed on states to lead the processes of transformation. Germany’s market economy is currently neither socially nor ecologically sustainable, requiring a socio-ecological transformation towards sustainable consumption and production systems. As the imperatives of the modern democratic welfare state require high levels of material welfare, economic growth and legitimation through (over)consumption, there is currently a “glass ceiling” to any such transformation. Through a combination of empirical research methods, including 11 expert interviews, a gamified citizen workshop with 22 citizens, and a local stakeholder workshop with 27 stakeholders, this paper explores the readiness and perspectives of German citizens, experts, and local stakeholders for a socio-ecological transformation. The findings highlight the contradictory role given to the state in the transformation, the difficulties of transforming “imperial modes of living”, and the collective evasion of responsibility, which suggests a “glass ceiling” to transforming the German market economy into a genuinely social and ecological model.
The Challenges of Reducing Educational-Developmental Gaps Among Status-less Children in Israel
Authors: Klebanov Bella , Gill Adi , Golan Noah 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIsrael today is home to 34,000 documented asylum seekers, with most of them living under a group protection policy (2A5 visas) which shields them from deportation (National Population and Emigration Authority of Israel, 2023; 2024). This diverse population includes about 23,000 citizens from Eritrea and Sudan, as well as over 10,000 Ukrainian citizens who arrived in Israel post-February 24, 2022. Although the 2A5 status protects them from deportation, it fails to provide them with basic rights and services. While adults possess this status, their children live in Israel without official status or an identification number, effectively rendering them “status-less” as they do not fit into any legally recognized category (HCJ 6312/10). These children do not belong to a civil category, which leads to inconsistent documentation, lack of identity or resident number, and a lack of monitoring across different government systems. This bureaucratic fragmentation hinders their ability to access even the basic rights they are entitled to by law. As a signatory to the International Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), Israel is committed to upholding three fundamental rights for children: health, well-being, and education. This commentary will focus on the right to education, particularly the obstacles professionals encounter in narrowing the educational and developmental gaps experienced by status-less children in Israel. Key challenges include segregation policies, inadequate allocation of resources, and the tension between integration and cultural inclusion. These challenges are assessed by examining legal documents, evaluating the existing services available in Israel, and gaining insights from the authors’ professional expertise. Finally, the commentary will suggest up-to-date interpretations of the challenges discussed. The conclusions derived from the current commentary may be relevant to educators and social workers, as well as policymakers seeking to formulate consistent policy that provides adapted services to children from diverse communities.
Fast-acting antidepressant-like effects of ketamine in aged male rats
Authors: Hernández-Hernández Elena , Ledesma-Corvi Sandra , Jornet-Plaza Jordi , García-Fuster M. Julia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
The aging process causes anatomical and physiological changes that predispose to the development of late-life depression while reduces the efficacy of classical antidepressants. Novel fast-acting antidepressants such as ketamine might be good candidates to be explored in the context of aging, especially given the lack of previous research on its efficacy for this age period. Thus, the aim of the present study was to characterize ketamine’s effects in older rats.

Methods
The fast-acting (30 min) and repeated (7 days) antidepressant-like effects of ketamine (5 mg/kg, ip) were evaluated in 14-month-old single-housed rats through the forced-swim and novelty-suppressed feeding tests. In parallel, the modulation of neurotrophic-related proteins (i.e., mBDNF, mTOR, GSK3) was assessed in brain regions affected by the aging process, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, as well as possible changes in hippocampal cell proliferation.

Results
Acute ketamine induced a fast-acting antidepressant-like response in male aged rats, as observed by a reduced immobility in the forced-swim test, in parallel with a region-specific increase in mBDNF protein content in prefrontal cortex. However, repeated ketamine failed to induce antidepressant-like efficacy, but decreased mBDNF protein content in prefrontal cortex. The rate of hippocampal cell proliferation and/or other markers evaluated was not modulated by either paradigm of ketamine.

Conclusions
These results complement prior data supporting a fast-acting antidepressant-like effect of ketamine in rats, to further extend its efficacy to older ages. Future studies are needed to further clarify the lack of response after the repeated treatment as well as its potential adverse effects in aging.
Circular Economy Business Models, Value Creation and Humane Entrepreneurship: A Micro-Sized and Social Enterprise Perspective
Authors: De Angelis Roberta , Vesci Massimiliano 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe circular economy is currently championed across different quarters as a potential solution to contemporary and multiple sustainability challenges. Academically, the concept has witnessed a substantial increase in scholars’ interest. Yet the locus of current literature is mainly conceptual, and there is a dearth of contributions from business and management studies. Drawing on the circular business models and the nascent humane entrepreneurship literature, and an exemplary, micro-sized social enterprise, we find that circular business models generate multiple forms of social value beyond the creation of job opportunities only, and that they are characterised by a humane entrepreneurship orientation. As a result, we contribute to the limited literature on circular economy implementation and to the emerging literature at the intersection between entrepreneurship and the circular economy.
Slope stability assessment and landslide susceptibility mapping in the Lesser Himalaya, Mussoorie, Uttarakhand
Authors: Mandal Swati , Mani Ashish , Lall Anugrah Rohini , Kumar Dharmendra 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe present study aims to assess slope stability and landslide susceptibility mapping of road-cut slopes along Mussoorie road in the Lesser Himalayan region. A total of 18 suspected unstable slope sites were selected for the investigation, and performed geo-mechanical classification techniques, including Rock Mass Rating (RMR), Slope Mass Rating (SMR), Geological Strength Index (GSI), and kinematic analysis. For the Landslide susceptibility mapping, the Frequency Ratio (FR) method was employed using the weightage of various causative factors which includes slope, aspect, curvature, elevation, distance from streams, distance from lineaments, lithology, and rainfall. The finding indicates that out of 18 selected slopes, 4 slopes are bad slope or unstable, which includes slope 3,4 and 6 in the lower part of the Mussoorie area near Jharipani, while slope 10 near Hathi Paon-Mussoorie Road is also unstable. The slopes around Junu waterfall are stable. Partially unstable slopes may vulnerable to slope failure in the future due to heavy rainfall and unstructured construction. Additionally, the Area Under Curve (AUC) and predictive rate curve values are 61% and 78% respectively, indicating acceptable overall accuracy. This study highlights the landslide issues in Mussoorie region due to rapid urbanization & climate change and demonstrates the effectiveness of the employed methods for future risk analysis.
The Future Is History: Restorative Nationalism and Conflict in Post-Napoleonic Europe
Authors: Cederman Lars-Erik , Pengl Yannick I. , Girardin Luc , Müller-Crepon Carl 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAs illustrated by Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the recent revival of nationalism has triggered a threatening return of revisionist conflict. While the literature on nationalism shows how nationalist narratives are socially constructed, much less is known about their real-world consequences. Taking nationalist narratives seriously, we study how past “golden ages” affect territorial claims and conflict in post-Napoleonic Europe. We expect nationalists to be more likely to mobilize and initiate conflict if they can contrast the status quo to a historical polity with supposedly greater national unity and/or independence. Using data on European state borders going back to 1100, combined with spatial data covering ethnic settlement areas during the past two centuries, we find that the availability of plausible golden ages increases the risk of both domestic and interstate conflict. These findings suggest that specific historical legacies make some modern nationalisms more consequential than others.
The Long Red Summer on the Railroads: Labor, Race, and Exclusion in Appalachia
Authors: O’Neal Matthew C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis essay examines the relationship between race, work, and exclusion during the Long Red Summer of 1919. I focus on several “transportation towns” of railroad employees in Appalachia to argue for the combined importance of labor history and racial ideology in attempts to understand wartime violence. Academic and federal government investigations inform my analysis, as does the robust body of scholarship on railroad labor. After examining racism embedded in railroad work, unions, and community life, the essay then turns to the Wilson administration’s nationalization of the roads during the war. Wartime changes resulted in higher wages for Black workers and many perceived threats to the racialized labor hierarchy. What was once white railroaders’ effort to exclude African Americans from certain jobs became one to expel them from the industry entirely. In several transportation towns that experienced wartime migration, however, this impulse transformed into a campaign to remove Black people from their communities once and for all. I cite testimony from a grand jury trial of an expulsion, railroad union journals, and newspaper accounts of mob violence that made it clear that the transportation towns belonged to white labor at the end of the Long Red Summer.
The Key Role of Temporal Stratification for GCM Bias Correction in Climate Impact Assessments
Authors: Vásquez Nicolás A. , Mendoza Pablo A. , Knoben Wouter J. M. , Arnal Louise , Lagos‐Zúñiga Miguel , Clark Martyn , Vargas Ximena 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCharacterizing climate change impacts on water resources typically relies on Global Climate Model (GCM) outputs that are bias‐corrected using observational data sets. In this process, two pivotal decisions are (a) the Bias Correction Method (BCM) and (b) how to handle the historically observed time series, which can be used as a continuous whole (i.e., without dividing it into sub‐periods), or partitioned into monthly, seasonal (e.g., 3 months), or any other temporal stratification (TS). Here, we examine how the interplay between the choice of BCM, TS, and the raw GCM seasonality may affect historical portrayals and projected changes. To this end, we use outputs from 29 GCMs belonging to the CMIP6 under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 5–8.5 scenario, using seven BCMs and three TSs (entire period, seasonal, and monthly). The results show that the effectiveness of BCMs in removing biases can vary depending on the TS and climate indices analyzed. Further, the choice of BCM and TS may yield different projected change signals and seasonality (especially for precipitation), even for climate models with low bias and a reasonable representation of precipitation seasonality during a reference period. Because some BCMs may be computationally expensive, we recommend using the linear scaling method as a diagnostics tool to assess how the choice of TS may affect the projected precipitation seasonality of a specific GCM. More generally, the results presented here unveil trade‐offs in how BCMs are applied, regardless of the climate regime, urging the hydroclimate community to carefully implement these techniques.
Turbulence Embedded Into the Ionosphere by Electromagnetic Waves
Authors: Ivarsen Magnus F. , Gillies Megan D. , Huyghebaert Devin R. , St‐Maurice Jean‐Pierre , Lozinsky Adam , Galeschuk Draven , Donovan Eric , Hussey Glenn C. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWhen charged particles are accelerated from Earth's magnetosphere and precipitate into the atmosphere, their impact with neutral gas creates the aurora. Structured electric fields drive the acceleration processes but they are also passed down to the ionosphere, meaning that turbulence can in part be embedded into the ionosphere rather than emerge through instability processes locally. Applying a point‐cloud analysis technique adapted from observational cosmology, we show how observed turbulence in the ionosphere matches electrical current signatures in the pulsating aurora in a series of conjunctions between space‐ and ground‐based instruments. We propose that the temporal spectrum of pulsations in the pulsating aurora is the driver of a clearly observed energy injection into the ionosphere's unstable bottomside. Precipitating electrons produce electric fields through charge deposition, and we observe wave characteristics that are present in this pattern. Next, the relative electron‐ion drifts excite the Farley‐Buneman instability, the distribution of whose waves are organized according to the local electric field. It is the temporal characteristics of chorus wave interactions in the magnetosphere that is imparted, via precipitating electrons, to the pulsating aurora, and so we propose that chorus wave interactions are capable of embedding turbulent structure into the ionosphere. This structure (now pressure gradients) dissipate energy in the E‐region through turbulent processes, observed by the icebear coherent scatter radar.
Quantifying the Effect of Pore‐Size Dependent Wettability on Relative Permeability Using Capillary Bundle Model
Authors: Yu Siqin , Kang Qinjun , Mehana Mohamed 
Published: August 2024

AbstractRelative permeability is a key parameter for characterizing the multiphase flow dynamics in porous media at macroscopic scale while it can be significantly impacted by wettability. Recently, it has been reported in microfluidic experiments that wettability is dependent on the pore size (Van Rooijen et al., 2022). To investigate the effect of pore‐size‐dependent wettability on relative permeability, we propose a theoretical framework informed by digital core samples to quantify the deviation of relative permeability curves due to wettability change. We find that the significance of impact is highly dependent on two factors: (i) the function between contact angle and pore size (ii) overall pore size distribution. Under linear function, this impact can be significant for tight porous media with a maximum deviation of 1,000%.
Advanced Mathematical Model for the Transport of Aggregating Nanoparticles in Water Saturated Porous Media: Nonlinear Attachment and Particle Size‐Dependent Dispersion
Authors: Katzourakis Vasileios E. , Chrysikopoulos Constantinos V. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA conceptual mathematical model was developed to describe the migration of aggregating nanoparticles in water saturated, homogeneous porous media with one‐dimensional uniform flow. Nanoparticles can be found suspended in the aqueous phase or attached reversibly and/or irreversibly onto the solid matrix. The Smoluchowski population balance equation (PBE) was used to model the process of particle aggregation and was coupled with the advection‐dispersion‐attachment equation to form a nonlinear transport model. Furthermore, an efficient and accurate solver for the PBE, and an iterative solver for the linear or nonlinear attachment equations were employed. The new numerical model was applied to nanoparticle transport experimental data available in the literature. Although, conventional transport models can be used to describe nanoparticle migration at low ionic strength conditions, such models might not be applicable for high ionic strength conditions, where aggregation becomes a dominant process. Aggregation is significantly affecting the transport characteristics of nanoparticles. Under high ionic strength conditions, the mass retention in the solid matrix of the porous medium increases, and a nonlinear particle attachment behavior may be observed. The proposed model performed remarkably well, successfully capturing numerous physical processes associated with nanoparticle transport, including particle‐size‐dependent dispersion. Ignoring the aggregation process and using conventional colloidal transport models to model nanoparticle transport may lead to erroneous results.
Microstructural investigation of Au ion-irradiated Eu-doped LaPO4 ceramics and single crystals
Authors: Gilson Sara E. , Svitlyk Volodymyr , Bukaemskiy Andrey A. , Niessen Jonas , Lender Theresa , Murphy Gabriel L. , Henkes Maximilian , Lippold Holger , Marquardt Julien , Akhmadaliev Shavkat , Hennig Christoph , Winkler Bjoern , Tonnesen Thorsten , Peters Lars , Fischer Cornelius , Huittinen Nina 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCeramics and single crystals of LaPO4 monazite doped with Eu(III) were irradiated with 14 MeV Au5+ ions at three different fluences. Changes to crystallinity, local coordination environments, and topography were probed using grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), vertical scanning interferometry (VSI), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman, and luminescence spectroscopy. GIXRD data of the ceramics revealed fluence dependent amorphization. A similar level of amorphization was detected for samples irradiated with 5 × 1013 ions/cm2 and 1 × 1014 ions/cm2, whereas the sample irradiated with the highest fluence of 1 × 1015 ions/cm2 appeared slightly less amorphous. VSI showed clear swelling of entire grains at the highest ion fluence, while more localized damage to grain boundaries was detected for ceramic samples irradiated at the lowest fluence. Single crystal specimens showed no pronounced topography changes following irradiation. SEM images of the ceramic irradiated at the highest fluence showed topological features indicative of grain surface melting. Raman and luminescence data showed a different degree of disorder in polycrystalline vs. single crystal samples. While changes to PO4 vibrational modes were observed in the ceramics, changes were more subtle or not present in the single crystals. The opposite was observed when probing the local Ln-O environment using Eu(III) luminescence, where the larger changes in terms of an elongation of the Eu-O (or La-O) bond and an increasing relative disorder with increasing fluence were observed only for the single crystals. The dissimilar trends observed in irradiated single crystals and ceramics indicate that grain boundary chemistry likely plays a significant role in the radiation response.
Effectiveness and biochemical impact of ozone gas and silica nanoparticles on Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Salem Hend H. A. , Mohammed Shaimaa H. , Eltaly Randa I. , Elqady Enayat M. , El-said Eman , Metwaly Khaled H. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCulex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) is a vector of many serious human diseases, and its control by the heavy use of chemical insecticides has led to the evolution of insecticide resistance and high environmental risks. Many safe alternatives, such as ozone gas (O3) and silica nanoparticles (silica NPs) can reduce these risks. Therefore, O3 and silica NPs were applied to 3rd larval instars of Cx. pipiens at different concentrations (100, 200, and 400 ppm) for different exposure times (1, 2, 3, and 5 min for O3 and 24, 48, and 72 h for silica NPs). The activity of some vital antioxidant enzymes as well as scanning electron microscopy of the body surface were also investigated. A positive correlation was observed between larval mortality % and the tested concentrations of O3 and silica NPs. O3 was more effective than silica NPs, it resulted in 92% mortality at 400 ppm for a short exposure time (5 min). O3-exposed larvae exhibited a significant increase in glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and catalase activities as well as the total antioxidant capacity. Scanning electron microscopy showing disruptive effects on the body surface morphology of ozone and silica NPs treated larvae. These results provide evidence that O3 and silica NPs have the potential for use as alternative vector control tools against Cx. pipiens.
First identification of a Neanderthal bone spear point through an interdisciplinary analysis at Abric Romaní (NE Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Mateo-Lomba Paula , Ollé Andreu , Fernández-Marchena Juan Luis , Saladié Palmira , Marín Juan , Chacón M. Gema , Vallverdú Josep , Cáceres Isabel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Osseous industry has been observed at an increasing number of Neanderthal sites. Bone fragments were used for practical purposes, and a range of bone shaping techniques were employed. The variability of bone tools observed in different assemblages reflects considerable functional diversity. However, no bone spear points have been reported from these contexts. A comprehensive analysis of a bone spear point from the Middle Palaeolithic site of Abric Romaní (Barcelona, Spain) is presented. Through an interdisciplinary, multi-technique, and multi-scale approach combining technology, taphonomy, and functional analysis, compelling evidence for manufacture, use, and hafting was uncovered. The specimen exhibits clear signs of intentional knapping. The presence of microscopic linear impact marks, an impact fracture at the tip and potential internal stress fractures indicate its use as a spear. Furthermore, the observed wear pattern and a morphological adjustment of the trabecular tissue support the hafting hypothesis. Abric Romaní contributes to our understanding of Neanderthal hunting behaviour and the significance of composite bone tools in their technological repertoire 50,000 years ago. This discovery highlights the flexibility and adaptability of Neanderthal technology, providing evidence of bone technology that is sometimes obscured in the archaeological record and offering valuable insights into their hunting strategies during the Middle Palaeolithic.