bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gabriel Marcel – muzyka i odnajdywanie Boga
Authors: Noworolnik Czesław 
Published: December 2014

Man, wondering for himself discovers the existence of the spiritual world. The source of this spiritual reality can only be the most perfect spiritual being, namely God. There are different routes to encounter with God. This article shows one of these human paths to God, which was crossed by the French philosopher Gabriel Marcel. For Gabriel Marcel his personal an experience of the beauty of music has become an important factor in the meeting with God, who is the source of all the beauty. The first part of the article presents some small outline of the Church’s teaching on beauty as an attribute of God. God is the highest (absolute) beauty and the source of all beauty. Each created beauty participates in this highest beauty and it is the image of the Creator and His beauty. In an art, and therefore also in music, as the Church teaches (recently John Paul II and Benedict XVI spoke about it), man can find a reflex of God’s beauty. Music can therefore be one of the way to God. In the next part of the article is presented an important impact that music has had on the life and philosophical thought of Marcel. Music was accompanied our author throughout all his life. Marcel often listened the music. He played the piano and composed his own pieces. Music was also a tool with which Marcel explored the deepest crannies of the human spirit. Music helped Marcel meet One who is the source of beauty. It is to this theme to which is dedicated the last part of the article. Marcel has sought and found the way to find the eternal and personal THOU. Music and theater were to the French thinker the „creative testimony” of the spiritual and transcendent world. In conclusion we can say that the meeting with the great, beautiful music opens man up to the spiritual world. Music opens man to God who is the source of what is beautiful in the world, so we can say that music is a trace of God. Gabriel Marcel, his life experiences and philosophical obserwation can serve the man as a guidepost in his searching of God.
Wskazania dla artystów w przesłaniu św. Jana Pawła II
Authors: Marcinkowska Barbara 
Published: December 2014

Through music people can fully express their feelings and emotions, even the ones of religious nature. Therefore, music is an inseparable part of the liturgy in the Christian Church. The music used during religious ceremonies is aimed at praising God and blessing the faithful. This goal will be accomplished only when the rules referring to sacred music are followed. These rules are found in the documents formed by the Church legislation. The Letter to Artists by St. John Paul II plays the vital role among the regulations. It can be treated as a kind of invitation sent to all people of art, so music as well, to join in the dialogue with the Church. The following article presents the tasks given authors and performers of worship music by the Church, in the context of the message conveyed in the Letter to Artists. Pope writes about their responsibility. At the same time he expresses a wish as far as the beauty they create is concerned. Namely, he wants that beauty to evoke admiration among the next generations.
Akty strzeliste jako wyrazy wiary i pobożności chrześcijańskiej
Authors: Szczych Jan 
Published: December 2014

Enchiridion indulgentiarum of Vatican treats, among others, of prayers of aspiration (aspirations), commonly called ejaculatory prayers (ejaculations), which are complements to individual indulgences. According to the document, an ejaculatory prayer is usually very short, expressed verbally or as a thought and as such externalizes a Christian’s internal attitude.Among pious invocations, it is possible to distinguish prayers which spontaneously flow from within a believer’s inside and those that have been confirmed by worshippers’ long practice or are customarily acknowledged. A collection of these prayer formulas as well as reflection on their content shows not only a believer’s individual piety but also portrays a praying person’s depth of consciousness of salvational occurrences. Thus, aspirations, whilst preserving their simplicity and expressiveness of significance, become a believer’s undisputed proof of faith and devotion.
Osoba i kultura – odkrywanie personalnego wymiaru ludzkiej kultury
Authors: Drożdż Michał 
Published: December 2014

The present paper is an attempt at an analysis of the anthropological and ethical dimension and foundation of media culture. Culture is herein regarded as a space for a person’s manifestation and communication. While in search of the most deeply rooted foundations of the personalistic concept of culture, it seems worthwhile to recall a fundamental truth that genus humanum arte et ratione vivit. It is a truth which reveals a close connection and dependence between the human dimension of life and the rationality of culture. On the one hand, the personalistic deep-rootedness of media culture shows the human being in the large-scale character of culture; on the other hand, it emphasizes the fact that it is the human being that is the subject and creator of culture.
Wychowanie i formacja na przykładzie federacji Pueri Cantores
Authors: Tyrała Robert 
Published: December 2014

Education and formation are the two key words of tremendous importance in the activity of the International Federation of Pueri Cantores. Learning the Christian values and deepening faith both derive from the identity of and identification with the group which Pueri Cantores is. Creative education, commonly associated with musical formation of young people, is a peculiar quality characterizing this church movement. The Pueri Cantores actions performed in many countries of the world, counting today almost 40, prove the growing effectiveness and popularity of this Federation. And such is are the aims which were officially approved by its Presidents in the document ratified in Paris last year.The history of the Pueri Cantores community has featured a great number of excellent tutors and educators. Their remarkable activities are certified by their living pupils, acting and developing worldwide. Amongst these magnificent pillars of the Federation was Siegfried Koesler, deceased two years ago, a great friend of the Polish Federation of Pueri Cantores and of the main celebrator of today’s anniversary. The entire international community of Pueri Cantores Presidents, Correspondents and Guests shall meet on 24–26 October 2014 in Würzburg so as to commemorate this great and good teacher. At the funeral service of Siegfried Koesler at Würzburg cemetery on 5 December 2012 I said on behalf of the International Federation of Pueri Cantores: „Thank you fory your shiny example. You were for us a living sign of God’s presence amongst us. Your thoughts and deeds shall remain in us for they have stayed alive in our hearts. You will live in us. Your remarkably good manners, culture and life, permeated with God’s presence, will always be an inspiration and encouragement for us in our aiming at ideals, to which you were invariably faithful” (R. Tyrała, The 10th Letter of President of FIPC, Kraków 2014. Archives of the International Federation of Pueri Cantores in Rome). It is a matter of undeniable certainty that the modern world, the modern Church and we ourselves need such authentic educators and authorities.May the conclusion of these few thoughts on educating through music, as exemplified by the Federation of Pueri Cantores, be the words expressed by the man who, like anyone else, knows how to run a choir, and educate and form young people: „I believe, working with a choir in respect of human activity belongs to a hierarchy of values. Because man as such is a value himself. And this man, whether a child or an adult singing in our choir, whom God provided with abilities to sing and with musical sensitivity, and whom He entrusted to us, choirmasters so we would educate, tutor and form, is truly worth a trial” (A. Zając, Chór kościelny – środowiskiem edukacyjnym, wychowawczym i formacyjnym. Sacred Choir – An Educational, Tutorial and Formative Environment, w: Pro Musica Sacra, t. III, Kraków 2006, p. 80).
Parent, Dentist, and Orthodontist Satisfaction following Alveolar Cleft Repair Using Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenic Protein
Authors: Wudel Justin , Valdez Sondra , Perkins Jonathan N. , Liang Conan , Blanchard Ashley , Allen Gregory C. 
Published: December 2014

Objective Our aim was to evaluate dental/orthodontic outcomes for patients who underwent recombinant human bone morphogenic protein (rhBMP-2) alveolar cleft repair and to examine parental satisfaction following the procedure. Design Retrospective review. Setting Tertiary children's hospital. Participants Parents, dentists, and orthodontists completed satisfaction questionnaires. Main Outcome Measures Parent, dentist, and orthodontist satisfaction with the use of rhBMP-2 in alveolar cleft repair. Results Parent response rate was 71.4% (30/42). The dentist response rate was 60% (18/30). The orthodontist response rate was 53.3% (16/30). Parent and patient satisfaction was 93.3% and 83.3%, respectively. Of dentist respondents, 55.6% reported that the bone quality and alveolar ridge mucosal repair allowed for dental treatment. Of orthodontist respondents, 87.5% reported the graft enabled treatment, and 73.3% felt the graft prevented tooth root exposure and resorption. Conclusions Parents, dentists, and orthodontists are satisfied with outcomes when rhBMP-2 is used for alveolar cleft repair. The bone formed was reported as adequate to support dental and orthodontic treatment in most cases with few complications. Because of safety concerns over the use of this product in an off-label manner, further controlled studies are warranted.
Evaluation of the Reproducibility of Nonverbal Facial Expressions Using a 3D Motion Capture System
Authors: Ju Xiangyang , O'leary Emer , Peng Matthew , Al-Anezi Thamer , Ayoub Ashraf , Khambay Balvinder 
Published: December 2014

Objective To evaluate the reproducibility of three nonverbal facial expressions using a three-dimensional motion capture system. Design Prospective, cross-sectional, controlled study. Setting Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom. Patients and Participants Thirty-two subjects, 16 males and 16 females. Methods With a three-dimensional video passive stereophotogrammetry imaging system, maximal smile, cheek puff, and lip purse were captured for each subject. Anatomical facial landmarks were digitized on the first frame and then tracked automatically. The same facial expressions were captured 15 minutes later. Main Outcome Measures The magnitude of each expression and speed of landmark displacement were calculated. The landmark motion curves were spatially and temporally aligned to calculate the similarity of the dynamic movements of the same landmarks between the captures. Results There were no significant differences between individuals for magnitude ( P = .892) or for speed ( P = .456). There were significant differences in landmark movement similarity ( P = .011); similarity was more reproducible for maximal smile. There was no significant gender effect on the difference in magnitude. There was a significant gender effect on speed to reach maximal smile ( P = .044) and a pursed-lip expression ( P = .038). There was a significant gender effect on landmark movement similarities ( P = .031) for cheek puff expression. Conclusions There were no differences in magnitude and speed for maximal smile, cheek puff, and lip purse between the two captures for all participants. For individual expressions, maximal smile expression had the highest similarity value for individual landmarks.
White‐Green Leaf Gene Encoding Protochlorophyllide Oxidoreductase B Is Involved in Chlorophyll Synthesis of Rice
Authors: Kang Shu‐Jing , Fang Yun‐Xia , Zou Guo‐Xing , Ruan Ban‐Pu , Zhao Juan , Dong Guo‐Jun , Yan Mei‐Xian , Gao Zhen‐Yu , Zhu Li 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTA white‐green leaf (wgl1) mutant, derived from Nipponbare (NIP) (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) treated with ethyl methanesulfonate, exhibited white‐green leaf variegation and brown necrotic lesions during old leaf elongation. However, the wgl1 mutant gradually changed in color from white‐green to light green at the later stages of development in field‐grown plants. Pigment investigation showed that the change in leaf color in wgl1 mutant is associated with chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid content reduction. Electron microscopic analysis of wgl1 chloroplasts revealed a decrease in the number of chloroplasts and loss of grana stacks. In addition, the prolamellar bodies of wgl1etioplasts were smaller than that of NIP etioplasts with concentric‐rings stromal thylakoids in 7‐d‐old darkness‐grown seedlings. As a result, chloroplast development was impaired. Genetic analysis results showed that the wgl1 mutant phenotype was caused by recessive mutations in a single nuclear gene. Map‐based cloning and complementation tests revealed that WGL1, located on chromosome 10, encodes OsPORB (Os10 g35370), one of two isoforms of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2′‐phosphate reduced tetrasodium salt: protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR). Real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis and β‐Glucuronidase reporter results showed that the highest expression levels were observed in flag leaves, whereas expression in the root was almost undetected. These results indicate that WGL1 is involved in Chl biosynthesis and chloroplast development in rice.
Changes in Lutein and Tocopherol Concentrations in Soybean Cultivars Released Across Seven Decades in the Short‐Season Region
Authors: Morrison M.J. , Cober E.R. , Frégeau‐Reid J.A. , Seguin P. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTLutein and α‐tocopherol (α‐toc) are antioxidant compounds beneficial for human health. Soybean [Glycine max (L). Merr.] contains relatively high concentrations of these compounds, and increasing them through plant breeding may be beneficial to human nutrition as well as provide a marketable seed trait in food‐type soybean. Our objective was to determine if there have been changes in lutein and tocopherol concentrations in short‐season soybean cultivars. A historical series of 16 cultivars released from 1934 to 2000 were grown at Ottawa Canada over a 3 yr period in a randomized complete‐block design with four replications. Seed was harvested for yield and a sample taken to determine seed weight, and oil, protein, lutein, α‐toc, γ‐tocopherol (γ‐toc), δ‐tocopherol (δ‐toc), and total‐tocopherol concentrations. There were significant differences among cultivars for all traits examined. Seed yield, oil, lutein, α‐toc, and δ‐toc concentrations have increased significantly since 1934, while protein concentration has decreased. There were no changes in seed weight and γ‐toc over time. Lutein and α‐toc were positively correlated with oil concentration and negatively correlated with protein concentration, leading to the conclusion that, over time, these compounds have likely increased in short‐season cultivars due to the indirect selection for higher oil concentration by plant breeders. The maximum concentration of lutein and α‐toc were similar to those found in other studies from different soybean growing regions indicating that only modest increases in these compounds may be possible using standard breeding techniques.
Genotypic Variability in Calcium Concentration of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seeds
Authors: Thornton Steven T. , Gallo Maria , Tillman Barry L. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTLeaf spots are devastating diseases of peanut worldwide. The University of Florida peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) breeding program has developed cultivars with superior resistance to leaf spot diseases, but their production was limited by poor field emergence. One factor that is believed to be related to emergence of resistant cultivars is reduced accumulation of seed Ca. The goal of this study was to compare the seed Ca concentrations of resistant genotypes to susceptible genotypes and to assess the genetic variability for seed Ca accumulation in commercial peanut germplasm. Seed Ca concentrations were measured for 51 genotypes that were diverse for market class, maturity, resistance to leaf spot, and genetic background. Genotypes were placed into categories based on seed size and maturity: Large seeded genotypes (“Virginias”), small seeded with medium maturity (“Medium”), and small seeded, late maturing (“Late”) which contained the resistant genotypes. For each of these groups, the seed Ca concentration was calculated and heritability of Ca concentration was determined for each group. Late maturing runners (those with the highest resistance to leaf spot) had the lowest seed Ca concentration followed by the medium maturing runners, and then the large seeded Virginias. The broad‐sense heritability estimate for seed Ca concentration was 0.33 and estimates were 0.26, 0.19, 0.41 for the Late, Medium, and Virginia groups, respectively. These results suggest that seed Ca concentration can be improved through breeding, which may allow for the development of cultivars with leaf spot resistance and commercially acceptable seed vigor.
Polycross Genetic Analysis of Forage Yield and Related Traits in Dactylis glomerata
Authors: Majidi Mohammad Mahdi , Araghi Bahram , Barati Mohammad , Mirlohi Aghafakhr 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTOrchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a long‐lived perennial forage grass and one of the main perennial grasses that naturally grow in temperate pasture and rangelands in northern and western Iran. This study was conducted to increase knowledge about the genetic basis of agro‐morphological traits in orchardgrass, which may help further improvement of this species. Half‐sib families derived from a polycross of 25 parental genotypes were evaluated during 2 yr, and 11 agro‐morphological traits together with two quality traits were measured. Families were significantly different for all the traits measured. Significant differences were also observed between the 2 yr of evaluation for all the traits except for mean percent of dry matter and panicle length. Narrow‐sense heritability ranged from 0.12 (number of fertile shoot) to 0.79 (mean percent of dry matter). The estimate of narrow‐sense heritability for the most economically important trait (total dry matter yield) was relatively low (0.17 to 0.30), showing that both additive and non‐additive gene effects played a role in the genetic control of this trait. In addition to a weak phenotypic correlation, total dry matter yield had a high genetic correlation with plant height and number of fertile shoots. No significant phenotypic correlation was observed between forage yield and crude protein, though a negative genetic correlation was evident. According to the results of heritability estimations and correlation between the traits, indirect selection for dry matter yield would be possible through selection for plant height.
Iron Bioavailability in Low Phytate Pea
Authors: Liu Xiaofei , Glahn Raymond P. , Arganosa Gene C. , Warkentin Thomas D. 
Published: December 2014

ABSTRACTField pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds have high nutritional value but also contain potential antinutritional factors, such as phytate and polyphenols. Phytate can store up to 80% of the phosphorus in seeds. In the seed and during digestion it can complex minerals such as iron and zinc and make them unavailable for absorption. Also, it is not well digested by monogastrics. Polyphenols are known to reduce bioavailability of some nutrients. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of phytate and seed coat polyphenols on bioavailability of iron from field pea seeds. To increase the nutritional value of field pea seeds, two low‐phytate lines (1–150–81 and 1–2347–144) containing higher inorganic phosphorus concentration (IN‐P) and lower phytate‐phosphorus concentration (PA‐P) than the normal phytate varieties were developed from the cultivar CDC Bronco in previous research. Total iron concentration (FECON) did not differ significantly between normal and low phytate varieties. However, iron bioavailability (FEBIO) of the two low‐phytate lines was 1.4 to 1.9 times higher than that of the three normal phytate varieties as assessed using a cell culture bioassay. Environment also had a significant effect on FEBIO. Peas with pigmented seed coats had seven times lower FEBIO than peas with nonpigmented seed coats. Removal of the seed coat increased FEBIO in peas with pigmented seed coat five to six times.
Late Neogene leaf assemblage from Bełchatów Lignite Mine (central Poland)
Authors: Worobiec Grzegorz 
Published: December 2014

Abstract Leaf macroremains collected in the Bełchatów Lignite Mine (central Poland) were investigated. The fossil assemblage consists of leaves of Acer, Betula, Carpinus, Dicotylophyllum, Fagus, ?Magnolia, “Parrotia”, Pinus, Quercus, and Zelkova. Mesophytic (zonal) elements dominate, with admixture of riparian (azonal) leaf taxa. The floristic composition points to late Neogene (late Miocene to late Pliocene) age and suggests favourable temperate climate with mild winters.
Microfossils With Suggested Affinities To The Pyramimonadales (Pyramimonadophyceae, Chlorophyta) From The Lower Devonian Rhynie Chert
Authors: Kustatscher Evelyn , Dotzler Nora , Taylor Thomas N. , Krings Michael 
Published: December 2014

AbstractAn assemblage of unusual microfossils occurs within an accumulation of plant debris, hyphae, and various types of propagules in the Early Devonian Rhynie chert. Specimens consist of a vesicle with one or more prominent wings (alae) arising from the surface; one wing forms a rim around the equator of the vesicle. The microfossils are interpreted as phycomata of a prasinophycean green alga based on morphological similarities to Pterospermella, a microfossil similar to phycoma stages of the extant Pterosperma (Pyramimonadales). This report represents the third record of phycomata in the Rhynie chert, suggesting that this Early Devonian ecosystem served as habitat to a variety of prasinophyte algae. Moreover, the new microfossils add to the inventory of fossil freshwater representatives of this predominantly marine group of algae.
European Jurassic floras: statistics and palaeoenvironmental proxies
Authors: Barbacka Maria , Bodor Emese , Jarzynka Agata , Kustatscher Evelyn , Pacyna Grzegorz , Popa Mihai E. , Scanu Giovanni G. , Thévenard Frédéric , Ziaja Jadwiga 
Published: December 2014

Abstract The Jurassic floras of Europe show considerable diversity. To examine the extent of this diversity and its possible causes we used multivariate statistical methods (cluster analysis, PCA, NMDS) to compare all significant Jurassic floras in Europe. Data were based on 770 taxa from 46 fossiliferous occurrences (25 units) from France, Germany, Greenland, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Poland, Romania, Scotland, Serbia, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Statistical analyses were applied at species level and genus level, and also performed for the major plant groups. The genus cladograms show affinities between different localities based on environmental factors, while the cladograms based on species affinities indicate only taxonomical correlations. The study shows that locality age does not seem to be of paramount importance for floral composition.