bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucose Oxidase‐Coated Calcium Peroxide Nanoparticles as an Innovative Catalyst for In Situ H2O2‐Releasing Hydrogels
Authors: Thi Phuong Le , Tu Quang Anh , Oh Dong Hwan , Park Ki Dong 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIn situ forming and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐releasing hydrogels have been considered as attractive matrices for various biomedical applications. Particularly, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐catalyzed crosslinking reaction serves efficient method to create in situ forming hydrogels due to its advantageous features, such as mild reaction conditions, rapid gelation rate, tunable mechanical strength, and excellent biocompatibility. Herein, a novel HRP‐crosslinked hydrogel system is reported that can produce H2O2 in situ for long‐term applications, using glucose oxidase‐coated calcium peroxide nanoparticles (CaO2@GOx NPs). In this system, CaO2 gradually produced H2O2 to support the HRP‐mediated hydrogelation, while GOx further catalyzed the oxidation of glucose for in situ H2O2 generation. As the hydrogel is formed rapidly is expected and the H2O2 release behavior is prolonged up to 10 days. Interestingly, hydrogels formed by HRP/CaO2@GOx‐mediated crosslinking reaction provided a favorable 3D microenvironment to support the viability and proliferation of fibroblasts, compared to that of hydrogels formed by either HRP/H2O2 or HRP/CaO2/GOx‐mediated crosslinking reaction. Furthermore, HRP/CaO2@GOx‐crosslinked hydrogel enhanced the angiogenic activities of endothelial cells, which is demonstrated by the in vitro tube formation test and in ovo chicken chorioallantoic membrane model. Therefore, HRP/CaO2@GOx‐catalyzed hydrogels is suggested as potential in situ H2O2‐releasing materials for a wide range of biomedical applications.
Aggregation‐Induced Emission Near‐Infrared (NIR)‐II‐Conjugated Polymers Coupled With Nonconjugated Segments for NIR‐II Fluorescence Imaging–Guided NIR‐II Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Hu Zixin , He Jiarong , Xi Chenhang , Xu Sicheng , Shen Qingming , Chen Pengfei , Sun Pengfei , Fan Quli 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe development of conjugated polymer–based water‐soluble nanoparticles for near‐infrared‐II (NIR‐II) fluorescence (FL; 1000–1700 nm)‐guided photothermal therapy holds promise in advancing cancer treatment. However, excessive nonradiative decay leads to almost complete quenching of conjugated polymers’ fluorescence. Therefore, a critical challenge is to suppress nonradiative decay while maintaining high‐quality fluorescence imaging and excellent photothermal conversion efficiency. In this study, a series of NIR‐II‐conjugated polymers with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) effects are designed and synthesized using the Stille coupling reaction. The dual enhancement strategy of modulating the AIE units and introducing non‐conjugated backbone into the polymer backbone resulted in BCT1 with a high αAIE value of 3.27. BCT1 nanoparticles exhibit excellent NIR‐II fluorescence, a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 70.51%, and a tenfold enhancement in fluorescence compared with BT1. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments validated their good biocompatibility and outstanding performance in NIR‐II fluorescence imaging for accurately determining the location of tumors. This study provides a novel strategy and method for designing and developing multifunctional conjugated polymers for NIR‐II fluorescence imaging–guided photothermal therapy.
The Effects of High‐Fat Diet and Flaxseed Oil‐Enriched Diet on the Lung Parenchyma of Obese Mice
Authors: Ramos Camila de Oliveira , Sant'Ana Marcella Ramos , Gonçalves Giovana Rios , Rios Thaiane da Silva , Nakandakari Susana Castelo Branco Ramos , Burger Beatriz , Fernandes Luís Gustavo Romani , Zollner Ricardo de Lima , de Oliveira Arthur Noin , Ramos Rodrigo Catharino , da Silva Adelino Sanchez Ramos , Pauli José Rodrigo , de Moura Leandro Pereira , Ropelle Eduardo Rochete , Mansour Eli , Cintra Dennys Esper 
Published: August 2024

AbstractOmega‐3 (ω3) fatty acids are widely investigated for their anti‐inflammatory potential, however, there is little evidence regarding their action in the lung parenchyma in the context of obesity. The objective is to investigate the effects of flaxseed oil (FS), rich in α‐linolenic (C18:3 – ω3), on the lungs of obese mice. Mice were fed a high‐fat diet (HF) for 8 weeks to induce obesity. Subsequently, a part of these animals received HF containing FS oil for another 8 weeks. The HF consumption induced weight gain and hyperglycemia. The lung parenchyma shows a complete fatty acids profile, compared to the control group (CT). In the lung parenchyma, FS increases the ω3 content and, notwithstanding a reduction in the interleukins (IL) IL1β and IL18 contents compared to HF. However, FS promoted increased alveolar spaces, followed by MCP1 (Monocytes Chemoattractant Protein‐1) positive cell infiltration and a dramatic reduction in the anti‐inflammatory cytokine, IL10. Despite reducing the pulmonary inflammatory response, the consumption of a food source of ω3 was associated with alterations in the lipid profile and histoarchitecture of the lung parenchyma, which can lead to the development of pulmonary complications. This study brings an alert against the indiscriminate use of ω3 supplements, warranting caution.
Stigmatizing attitudes and beliefs about obesity among dental team members
Authors: Malik Zanab , Williams Kathryn , Cockrell Deborah , Collins Clare E. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundWeight stigma is prevalent within healthcare settings and is an aspect of the lived experience of people living with obesity. There is international evidence of weight stigma in the dental setting, where currently there is also evidence indicating limited training amongst dental professionals regarding obesity or obesity‐related stigma. There has been Australian research and none have included dental support staff.AimsThis cross‐sectional survey aimed to assess stigmatizing attitudes and beliefs of dental professionals (registered general dentists, oral health therapists) and support staff (dental assistants, dental receptionists) working in private and public regional practices in New South Wales and specialists in Special Needs Dentistry across Australia toward people living with obesity.MethodsAn anonymous electronic validated survey was administered through REDCap™ to assess stigmatizing attitudes and beliefs held amongst respondents in relation to people living with obesity.ResultsFifty‐three participants completed the survey (n = 33 clinicians, n = 20 support staff). The majority 47/53 (88.7%) held positive attitudes toward people living with obesity. Of the clinicians, 15/33 (45.5%) reported 1 hour or less and 14/33 (42.4%) reported two to 5 hours of obesity‐related education. 14/20 (70%) of the support staff reported no prior education or training about obesity. Of responses reflecting weight stigma, only three clinicians reported negative reactions toward the appearance, or discomfort during examination, of a patient with obesity, or a perception of laziness, compared with normal weight individuals. A higher proportion 4/20 (20%) of support staff reported responses indicating negative attitudes for people with obesity compared with normal weight individuals.ConclusionSurvey responses reflected evidence of weight stigma in both dental professionals and support staff. Professional development targeting weight stigma reduction in the dental setting is needed for both clinicians and support staff.
Two lenses for exploring relationships between seabirds and fishers: Unveiling reciprocal contributions
Authors: Ojeda Jaime , Morello Flavia , Suazo Cristián G. , Astorga‐España María S. , Salomon Anne K. , Ban Natalie C. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Reciprocal relationships between fishers and marine life have been documented in Indigenous fishing contexts, but there are few case studies that describe the mechanisms of such relationships, and even fewer that explore other contexts, such as that of artisanal fishers in Latin American countries.

We studied the artisanal hake fishery in the sub‐Antarctic channels of Chilean Patagonia, a global hotspot for albatross and petrel diversity. We aimed to uncover nature's contributions to hake fishers and, reciprocally, the potential fishers' contributions to marine life with a particular emphasis on seabirds. We adopted a bifocal observational strategy. From a human perspective, ethnographic methods (e.g., semi‐structured interviews) are analysed with Nature's Contributions to People and reciprocal contribution frameworks. From the seabirds' view, we assessed offal consumption through experimental and observational methods. We randomly threw offal items into the sea and observed the seabird responses (whether they consumed offal).

Hake fishers' relationships with the marine environment are multidimensional, particularly with seabirds. Based on fishers' perceptions, we identified four key contributions of seabirds to humans: they serve as value indicators of fishing distribution and concentration areas, offer companionship and recreation during fishing activities, enhance scenic emotionality through the presence of albatrosses and assist in the function of sea cleaning. In reciprocal contributions, artisanal fishers viewed hake offal as a beneficial food source for the seabirds, especially the liver. Fishers described that fishing in the right way can reduce bycatch and effort.

The fishers' main contribution to seabirds is through offering them the offal of hake catches. We observed that seabirds consumed hake liver 99% of the time, while they consumed stomach less frequently (24%). We identified that southern giant petrels and black‐browed albatrosses consumed more liver, while kelp gulls ate more stomach. The liver comprises 51.6% fat, essential for high trophic level marine predators such as black‐browed albatrosses.

Adopting reciprocal contributions and NCP served as a catalyst for understanding fishers' positive actions but also is a promoter to research multiple views of nature–human relationships in fishing settings. Values of nature, like reciprocity, could enrich ecosystem‐based management strategies.

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Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models for predicting lamotrigine exposure and dose optimization in pediatric patients receiving combination therapy with carbamazepine or valproic acid
Authors: Liu Zhiwei , Shao Wenxin , Wang Xingwen , Geng Kuo , Wang Wenhui , Li Yiming , Chen Youjun , Xie Haitang 
Published: August 2024

AbstractIntroductionLamotrigine (LTG) is an antiepileptic drug that has been used in pediatric epilepsy as a combination therapy or monotherapy after stabilization in recent years. However, there are significant drug–drug interactions (DDI) between LTG and combined drugs such as carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproic acid (VPA). It is particularly important to consider the risk of DDI in combination therapy for intractable epilepsy in pediatric patients. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the dosage of LTG accordingly. The aim of this study was to establish and validate a pediatric physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for predicting LTG exposure. The model is designed to explore the potential for quantifying pharmacokinetic (PK) DDI of LTG when administered concurrently with CBZ or VPA in pediatric patients.MethodAdult and pediatric PBPK models for LTG and VPA were developed using PK‐Sim® software in combination with physiological information and drug‐specific parameters, and a DDI model was developed in combination with the published CBZ model. The models were validated against available PK data.ResultsPredictive and observational results in adults, children, and the DDI model were in good agreement. The recommended doses of LTG for preschool children (2–6 years) and school‐aged children (6–12 years) in the absence of drug interactions were 1.47 and 1.2 times higher than those for adults, respectively; 3.1 and 2.6 times higher than those for adults in combination with CBZ; and 0.67 and 0.57 times lower than those for adults in combination with VPA. In addition, plasma exposures in adolescents (12–18 years) were similar to those in adults at the same doses.ConclusionWe have successfully developed PBPK models and DDI models for LTG in adults and children, which provide a reference for rational drug use in the pediatric population.
Exploring biofiber properties and their influence on biocomposite tensile properties
Authors: Oyedeji Oluwafemi A. , Hess Jocelyn , Zhao Xianhui , Williams Luke , Emerson Rachel , Webb Erin 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBiofibers serve as effective reinforcements for neat polylactic acid (PLA) in biocomposites, offering an attractive opportunity to decarbonize the manufacturing sector of the United States by displacing fossil‐based reinforcement fibers such as carbon fibers. Also, biofiber production can stimulate economic growth in rural economies, fueling sustainable development. PLA resins are commonly compounded with biofibers to create biocomposites suitable for additive manufacturing. PLA‐biofiber composites often exhibit better overall material properties than neat (pure) PLA, but the associations between biofiber properties and the material properties of their biocomposites remain largely unexplored. Hence, this research delves into a comprehensive exploration of diverse biofibers, scrutinizing their physical and chemical attributes, including size, shape, ash content and biochemical composition. The study meticulously analyzes the flow properties of each biofiber and elucidates the ultimate tensile strengths and Young's modulus of corresponding biocomposite samples. Noteworthy correlations between biofiber and biocomposite tensile properties are uncovered, shedding light on critical interrelationships. The study introduces an approach employing regression models to predict the ultimate tensile strength and Young's modulus of biocomposites. These models, validated with a cross‐validation technique, exhibit remarkable predictive accuracy, particularly in estimating ultimate tensile strength. © 2024 Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed by UT‐Battelle, LLC and The Author(s). Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Unsuccessful rechallenge with nivolumab in a patient with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer who had a 6‐year complete response and treatment‐free period: Case report
Authors: Takakura Toshiaki , Akamatsu Hiroaki , Washioka Atsushi , Murakami Eriko , Shibaki Ryota , Shimizu Toshio , Koh Yasuhiro , Yamamoto Nobuyuki 
Published: August 2024

AbstractSeveral predictive factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor response have been reported, but there has not been sufficient exploration of which patients benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge. We report the case of a patient with non‐small cell lung cancer who had 6 years of complete response with initial nivolumab treatment. After relapse, however, rechallenge with nivolumab did not result in tumour shrinkage or long‐term response. Even in patients who had an exceptional response to the initial immune checkpoint inhibitor, long‐term efficacy may not be achieved by immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge. Thorough investigation of biomarkers that predict efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge is warranted.
Effectiveness of Visual Attention Span Training on Learning to Read and Spell: A Digital‐game‐based Intervention in Classrooms
Authors: Valdois Sylviane , Zaher Ahmed , Meyer Svetlana , Diard Julien , Mandin Sonia , Bosse Marie Line 
Published: August 2024

AbstractLongitudinal studies on mainstream children and training studies in the dyslexic population suggest that visual attention span (VAS) abilities contribute to reading acquisition. We evaluated to what extent VAS training in beginning readers might enhance later literacy skills. A large cohort of 453 children was followed from the beginning to the end of Grade 1. A first group of students was trained on a custom‐designed digital application—called EVASION—that targeted VAS abilities. Another group used the GraphoGame application, while the third was a “business‐as‐usual” group. A total training time of 10 h was recommended; training was performed during the regular school day, under the sole supervision of teachers. Pre–post intervention assessment revealed higher VAS, higher reading fluency improvement, and higher postintervention spelling skills in the EVASION group. Children who spent more time playing with EVASION improved more in both VAS and literacy skills. In the whole population, VAS enhancement predicted reading fluency improvement and posttraining spelling skills, independently of other reading related skills and of the class effect. The overall findings suggest that training VAS in the classroom might prevent difficulties in learning to read and spell. Evidence for longitudinal effects of VAS training on literacy skills support a causal relationship. In improving multiletter parallel processing, training would translate into better orthographic learning, yielding higher reading fluency and spelling skills.
Structural Analysis and Electrical Property of Acid‐Treated MWCNT
Authors: Lee Jaekwang , Lim Hyunwoo , Ha Joo‐yeon , Lee Seungjae , Lee Heesoo 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe electrical properties of acid‐treated CNT were investigated in terms of functional group and microstructure. A mixture of HNO3 and H2SO4 was used to acid treatment of CNT, and acid‐treated CNTs were synthesized by the mixture for 0 to 5 h. In crystal structure analysis, as acid treatment time was increased, the intensity of graphite diffraction peak was decreased and shifted to lower angle. It indicates a decrease in the crystallinity of CNT surface and lattice contraction by loss of carbon atoms. The distribution of oxygen on CNT surface was observed by TEM analysis confirming that functional groups and structural defects were formed. ID/IG ratio and average distance between defects (LD) were calculated using Raman spectroscopy to analyze the structural characteristics of CNT, and the greatest decrease was identified from p‐CNT to 2h‐CNT, resulting in the formation of functional groups and the changes in structural defects on CNT surface by acid treatment in the initial stage. Bonding state on CNT surface was analyzed through XPS analysis, and functional groups such as CO and COH were confirmed in acid‐treated CNT. Sheet resistance was measured to analyze the electrical properties of CNT, and 3h‐CNT showed the lowest sheet resistance at 25.28 Ω.
Hot Deformation Behavior and Numerical Simulation of 40CrNiMo Steel for Wind Turbine Pulley Shafts
Authors: Wei Hongyu , Liu Wensheng , Zhang Ke , Wei Wei , Wu Qun , Zhang Mingya , Tao Xiaoping , Liu Hongyan 
Published: August 2024

The hot deformation behavior (T = 800–1100 °C, = 0.01–10 s−1) of 40CrNiMo steel for wind turbine pulley shafts was studied by Gleeble‐3800 thermomechanical simulator. A constitutive equation and hot processing map are established based on the friction and temperature correction curves. The most available hot processing parameters are determined by combining microstructure analysis. The temperature fields and effective strain fields under different deformation conditions are simulated by Deform‐3D software. The results indicate that the effect of friction on the flow curves is greater than that of temperature rise, the activation energy Q of hot deformation for 40CrNiMo steel calculated based on the theoretical calculation is 368.292 kJ mol−1. The constitutive model based on strain compensation has high accuracy, with an average relative error of 6.65% and a correlation coefficient of 0.987. The optimum hot processing interval is at a deformation temperature of 950–1050 °C and a strain rate of 0.03–0.25 s−1, which has a high‐power dissipation value and avoids the instability region. Additionally, numerical simulation results show that the temperature field distribution is uniform in this deformation range, and the standard deviation of the effective strain is low, making it suitable for hot processing.
Early use of the reinforced concrete in the architecture of the Historicism in Austria–Hungary
Authors: Lovra Éva , Bereczki Zoltán 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe study examines the early incorporation of reinforced concrete in the architecture of Historicism in Austria–Hungary. Spanning the late 19th to early 20th centuries, the research illuminates the period's stylistic pluralism and the transformative impact of reinforced concrete. The paper examines the integration of reinforced concrete into traditional forms, providing detailed case studies and architectural examples. It navigates through various aspects, including the evolution of reinforced concrete during the historicist period, its adoption in notable structures, and its documentation in contemporary literature. Case studies, such as the Lutheran Church in Battyánd (now Puconci, Slovenia), the Roman Catholic Church in Topolya (now Bačka Topola, Serbia), and the former Synagogue in Český Krumlov, Czechia, showcase the innovative ways reinforced concrete addressed structural challenges while adhering to historicist aesthetics. The research concludes by reflecting on the transformative role of reinforced concrete in challenging the conventions of Historicism, paving the way for modern architectural expressions.
Genome‐wide analysis of HD‐Zip genes in Sophora alopecuroides and their role in salt stress response
Authors: Zhu Youcheng , Wang Di , Yan Fan , Wang Le , Wang Ying , Li Jingwen , Yang Xuguang , Gao Ziwei , Liu Xu , Liu Yajing , Wang Qingyu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWe aimed to identify HD‐Zip (homologous domain leucine zipper) family genes based on the complete Sophora alopecuroides genome sequence. Eighty‐six Sophora alopecuroides HD‐Zip family (SaHDZ) genes were identified and categorized into four subclasses using phylogenetic analysis. Chromosome localization analysis revealed that these genes were distributed across 18 chromosomes. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis showed high similarity among members of the SaHDZ genes. Prediction analysis revealed 71 cis‐acting elements in SaHDZ genes. Transcriptome and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analyses showed that under salt stress, SaHDZ responded positively in S. alopecuroides, and that SaHDZ22 was significantly upregulated afterward. Functional verification experiments revealed that SaHDZ22 overexpression increased the tolerance of Arabidopsis to salt and osmotic stress. Combined with cis‐acting element prediction and expression level analysis, HD‐Zip family transcription factors may be involved in regulating the balance between plant growth and stress resistance under salt stress by modulating the expression of auxin and abscisic acid signaling pathway genes. The Sophora alopecuroides adenylate kinase protein (SaAKI) and S. alopecuroides tetrapeptide‐like repeat protein (SaTPR; pCAMBIA1300‐SaTPR‐cLUC) expression levels were consistent with those of SaHDZ22, indicating that SaHDZ22 may coordinate with SaAKI and SaTPR to regulate plant salt tolerance. These results lay a foundation in understanding the salt stress response mechanisms of S. alopecuroides and provide a reference for future studies oriented toward exploring plant stress resistance.