bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Opioid Versus Non-opioid-based Anesthesia Techniques for Hemodynamic and Neuro-endocrine Responses in Laparoscopic Surgeries
Authors: Kore Shilpa S. , Vazhakalayil Subha Teresa J. , Fasil Fathima 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTObjective:To analyze the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl pre-medication, followed by infusion in modulating hemodynamic and neuro-endocrine responses to laryngoscopy and pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgery.Methods:Forty adult patients were randomized into two groups. Before induction, group dexmedetomidine (group D) were given dexmedetomidine at 0.5 μgm/kg IV as loading over 10 min and infusion at the rate of 0.2 mcg/kg/hour during the surgical procedure. Group fentanyl (group F) were given 0.5 mcg/kg as loading over 10 min and infusion at the rate of 0.2 mcg/kg/hour during the surgical procedure. Hemodynamic parameters and blood glucose levels were pre-operatively monitored.Results:No significant differences were observed in the demographic profiles. There was a discernible difference in the heart rate compared to the pre-operative values in both groups. The systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in group D than in group F. There were no significant changes in the blood glucose levels during the intra-operative period, and the blood glucose levels remained low after extubation in group D (P= 0.0001).Conclusion:Dexmedetomidine causes greater attrition of the hemodynamic response to intubation and pneumoperitoneum during the peri-operative period and modulates the neuro-endocrine stress response, resulting in better hemodynamic stability.
The relationship between patterns of using internet, media literacy, alcohol consumption and drug abuse: a case of Malaysian youths
Authors: Joorabchi Toktam Namayandeh , Salleh Amla , Fouladiyan Majid 
Published: July 2024

The concerning statistics regarding alcohol consumption and substance abuse among young individuals in Malaysia necessitate endeavors to comprehend this occurrence. The aim of the current research was to ascertain the correlations between media literacy, Internet usage patterns, alcohol intake, and drug misuse among Malaysian youths. A quantitative research approach was employed to collect data from 440 students at University Putra Malaysia through a method of stratified random sampling. The findings of the investigation indicated that the association between media literacy and alcohol consumption was statistically significant (p=0.017), whereas it was deemed insignificant for drug consumption (p=0.90). Notably, no statistically significant connections were found between the two dimension of Internet usage patterns and alcohol intake (p=0.22, p=0.54) or drug use (p=0.41, p=0.48). Nevertheless, the link between Internet usage patterns and media literacy was found to be significant (p=0.00). Additionally, outcomes from the independent t-test displayed that male participants exhibited higher levels of drug and alcohol usage compared to their female counterparts (p=0.00, p=0.045). Significant mean disparities were also observed between drug consumption and gender. The outcomes of the one-way ANOVA revealed notable mean differences between ethnic groups and alcohol consumption (p=0.00), while no mean differences were identified between ethnic groups and drug usage (p=0.82). The implications of this study are also deliberated.
A synthesis of 1,3-dienes using a Ni(II) mediated Suzuki-Miyaura reaction
Authors: S. Al-Jawaheri Yassir , S. Ezzat Nameer 
Published: July 2024

Synthesis of the 1,3-dienes from arylboronic acids with propargyl alcohols using a Ni(II) precatalysts is presented. Through detailed reaction screening NiCl2(PCy3)2 has been identified as the optimal catalyst for this transformation. The reaction is thought to proceed through a Ni(II) allenyl complex, which undergoes a base free Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling through arylboronic acids, with the resultant aryl allene rearranging to its 1,3-diene. Application of these optimized reaction conditions then provides several dienes in reasonable to good, isolated yields.
KEY WORDS: Suzuki-Miyaura, NiCl2(PCy3)2, 1,3-Dienes, Allenyl, Base free
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(5), 1405-1412.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i5.16
Dual fluorescence emission of p-N,N-(dialkylamino) benzyl-idenemalononitrile and related systems: Evidence for direct excitation of ground state twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) conformer
Authors: G. Woldegiorgis Desta , T. Mengesha Ephriem , Babu G. Neelaiah , Susai  Boobalan Maria , B. Demissie Taye , Teju Endale 
Published: July 2024

The mechanism of dual fluorescence emission of a fluorophore is controversial ever since its first observation in p-N,N-dimethylaminobenzonitrile (DMABN). Excited state twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) and planarized intramolecular charge transfer (PICT) models have been the two prominent theories used to explain the dual fluorescence mechanism in several systems. These mechanisms are based on excited state adiabatic structural changes of the fluorophore. Nevertheless, pieces of evidences based on excitation spectral measurements at different emission windows suggest the possibility of additional and/or alternative mechanisms based on ground state structural changes of the fluorophore. In this paper, we have presented a systematic steady-state absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy of a donor-πacceptor system, p-N,N-(dialkylamino)benzylidenemalononitrile, and related compounds in solvents of different polarities. The excitation spectrum of p-N,N-(dialkylamino) benzylidenemalononitrile is found to be dependent on the emission window. Furthermore, the emission spectra of the molecule are dependent on the excitation wavelength which suggest that the molecule consists of two stable ground state conformational isomers. The spectroscopic pieces of evidence together with results from DFT calculations are in favor of the solvent-induced ground state structural change of the fluorophore. Hence, two ground state conformers of p-N,N-(dialkylamino)benzylidenemalononitrile are attributed to the dual emission of the molecule.
KEY WORDS: Dual fluorescence, Charge transfer, TICT, PICT, Excitation, Benzylidenemalononitriles
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(5), 1413-1427.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i5.17
Vanillin and 4-nitroanilline derived Schiff-base and its nickel(II) complex: spectral analysis and antibacterial investigation
Authors: Misganaw Kasanesh , Thillairasu Ponnusamy , Shumi Gemechu , Debebe Habtamu , Berhanu Sintayehu 
Published: July 2024

Ni(II) metal complex of Schiff base (SB) ligand 2-methoxy-4-[(4-nitrophenyl) iminomethyl]phenol (MNIMP); derived from vanillin and 4-nitroanilline was synthesized in 1:2 M:L by refluxing solution containing metal salt (NiCl2.6H2O, 97.0%) and SB in ethanol and characterized based on powder (XRD), NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and physicochemical measurements. The FT-IR spectra revealed that the complex is coordinated through azomethine nitrogen and phenolic oxygen of the bi-dentate ligands. The chemical shift δ = 9.8 ppm in 1H-NMR of SB; corresponds to the azomethine proton of the ligand suggesting the presence of -C=N- linkage and 13C-NMR confirms the presence of 14C in the ligand and the complex. The shift to a lower wavelength of UV-Vis spectra of the complex compared to the ligand signifying complex formation. The powder (XRD) pattern put forward the crystalline phase of the complex through nickel(II) occupying the center of octahedron geometry. The higher molar conductance value of the complex confirms its electrolytic nature. In-vitro antibacterial activities for synthesized compounds have been evaluated towards human pathogenic microbes Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and compared with standard, gentamicin. The result demonstrated that Ni(II) complex; [Ni (MNIMP)2(H2O)2]Cl2 has greater zone of inhibition against the tested organism than free MNIMP ligand as antibacterial agent.
KEY WORDS: Derivatization, Schiff base ligand, Vanillin, Nickel (II) complex, Bi-dentate, Antibacterial activity
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(5), 1275-1289.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i5.7
Transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria through laptop keyboard among students of a tertiary institution in Lagos, Nigeria and the associated risk factors
Authors: Ezeanya-Bakpa Chinyere Charity , Martins Joseph Bolutife 
Published: July 2024

In today’s technology world, the use of the laptop is a global practice. This device could be a means of transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria because of its regular use by man. This study therefore aims to determine the bacteria contamination of laptop keyboards with antibiotic-resistant strains among students of a tertiary institution in Lagos, Nigeria. A total of thirty four (34) laptop keyboard swab samples were collected from male and female students respectively. Standard bacteriological identification methods were employed to ascertain the identity of likely contaminants. The culture media used for isolation and identification procedures included: nutrient agar, MacConkey agar, mannitol salt agar and eosin methylene blue agar. Reactions to Gram staining and key biochemical tests were performed using standard protocols. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using the disc diffusion method to determine the susceptibility pattern of the isolates followed by extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) phenotypic test on the recovered isolates. A self-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on laptop usage from each participant. The distribution of the isolates across both gender (Male vs Female) was 1:1 with the isolates: Staphylococcus aureus (72%), Escherichia coli (16%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10%) and Shigella spp. (2%). Multi-drug resistance to S. aureus, K. pneumoniae and E. coli with S. aureus, resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (59%), erythromycin (88%), ciprofloxacin (64%), and clotrimazole (52%) were observed. Klebsiella pneumoniae demonstrated resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (82%), ceftazidime (63%), and cefoxitin (55%). Finally, in E. coli, resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime (100%) and imipenem (50%) was observed. A total of 2 (2.9%) of the isolates were ESBL-positive. Majority 50 (74%) of the students were between the ages of 20 – 24 years. Significant association (p < 0.05) was found between colonization of laptop keyboards by resistant isolates and sharing of laptops, use of laptops while eating and use of laptop in public gathering. With the high percentage of resistant isolates from laptop keyboards, good personal hygiene/sanitary measures or limited use of the laptop by students where possible is encouraged.
Design and Implementation of a Portable Ventilator with Variable Breath per Minute (BPM)
Authors: Arowolo Mathew Oluwole , Ohiani-Greg Cyril Omeiza , Ademola Ademilua Busayo 
Published: July 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic underscored the critical role of ventilators in society, prompting attention to the shortage and cost of medical ventilators. This study focuses on the development of a portable ventilator designed for use in resource-limited settings, addressing the need for a small, lightweight mechanical ventilator. The device, controlled by an Arduino microcontroller, features adjustable ventilation modes and monitoring capabilities for vital signs. Utilizing a cam arm mechanism and a touch screen LED display, the ventilator aims to provide reliable and cost-effective ventilation. Evaluation includes performance, usability, and safety assessments. The device, weighing 11 lbs. and measuring 6.6 x 11.4 x 9.4 inches, contributes to accessible and portable ventilators for emergency situations, benefiting rural communities with vulnerable populations and limited hospital ventilators. The ventilator system, powered by an internal battery lasting up to three hours, offers hot-swappable detachable and external batteries for extended ventilation.
Modelling and Analysis of Temperature and Humidity within a Greenhouse System
Authors: Arowolo Mathew Oluwole , Clinton Daniel Ibeojo , Akinade Akinbo Olamide 
Published: July 2024

This research explored the various behaviors of climatic conditioning elements, weakness as well as ways to improve them. Remote monitoring using Arduino Internet of a Thing (IoT) technology was implemented in the automated greenhouse environment used to gain access to some necessary generated data. Implementation unit yield is of vital essence as population of people is on a steady rise, food insecurity is invariably on the rise also. Means need to be developed to enhance agricultural output to meet up with the need of the ever increasing-population of man. One of the main goals of this research is to improve efficiency to enhance agricultural productivity and resource management by enabling real-time data-collection and control of crucial greenhouse parameters such as temperature and humidity. With the integration of sensors like Dht11 and actuators connected to the Esp32 wroom-32 which we employed in this work. This methodology helps to optimize crop growth conditions while overcoming the challenges posed by Nigeria's diverse climatic conditions. The study evaluated the effectiveness of this remote monitoring approach in terms of improved crop yields, and system efficiency thus contributing to sustainable and technology-driven agriculture in Nigeria. This hourly data was taken on Sunday, 31st August 2023 at Ikole – Ekiti at the Faculty of Engineering. From analysis the percentage effectiveness of ambient temperature on this rainy day for the selected crop was 70%. This trend deciphered inefficiency in the microclimatic element but could also end up transforming the dreaded blue-collar agriculture to an attractive niche in the future.
PEMANFAATAN POTENSI LOKAL DI BIDANG PARIWISATA UNTUK PENANGGULANGAN KEMISKINAN DI KAMPUNG ARBOREK KABUPATEN RAJA AMPAT
Authors: Sarwom Patrick Valdano Sarwom 
Published: July 2024

Rumusan masalah dari penelitian ini adalah Raja Ampat terkenal dengan kekayaan dan keunikan spesies hewan bawah laut sebanyak 1.104 jenis ikan, 699 jenis moluska dan 537 jenis karang. Ini mebuat kepulauan Raja Ampat dikenal dengan sebutan surga dunia. Terutama Kampung Arborek yang merupakan tempat tinggal dari 540 jenis terumbu karang, 1.511 spesies ikan, Ikan Pari Manta (Manta Birostris) adalah salah satu spesies ikan pari terbesar di dunia dan lebih dari 700 jenis mollusca. Tetapi dengan adanya kekayaan alam yang dimiliki oleh kabupaten bahari ini masih banyak masyarakatnya yang hidup dalam kemiskinan, ini yang membuat suatu ketimpangan yang terjadi dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pemanfaatan potensi lokal di bidang pariwisata untuk penanggulangan kemiskinan di Kampung Arborek, Distrik Meosmansar, Kabupaten Raja Ampat, Provinsi Papua Barat Daya agar dapat memberdayakan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif (field research). Kirk dan Milles menjelaskan penelitin kualitatif dalam ilmu-ilmu sosial yang secara fundamental bergantung pada pengamatan manusia sesuai kawasannya sendiri dan berkaitan dengan obyek sesuai dengan perilaku dan bahasanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan situasi di Kampung Arborek, Meosmansar, Kabupaten Raja Ampat kekayaan alamnya melimpah namun masyarakat belum mampu untuk mengelola sumberdaya alam yang dimiliki.
РОЛЬ ПОСТКОЛОНИАЛИЗМА В УСТОЙЧИВОМ РАЗВИТИИ МОДЫ
Authors: Мусаханова Жанель 
Published: July 2024

В последние десятилетия индустрия моды столкнулась с вызовами, связанными с экологическими проблемами, глобализацией и культурной идентичностью. В рамках этих вызовов исследована история колониализма и его влияние на моду, а также возможности интеграции принципов устойчивого развития в фэшн-индустрию. В современном мире необходимо учитывать вопросы экологической устойчивости, переосмысление культурной аутентичности экономической справедливости. Цель исследования - анализ влияния постколониализма в устойчивом развитии моды, выявить основные принципы и вызовы, предложить практические рекомендации и стратегии, способствующие созданию более справедливой и устойчивой фэшн-индустрии в будущем.
В исследовании использованы методы: контент-анализ, исторический анализ, социологическое наблюдение. Приведены примеры из опыта нескольких континентов в разные годы, рассмотрены перспективы регулирования, образования и междисциплинарного сотрудничества в контексте формирования более ответственной и устойчивой индустрии моды. Представлена важность использования деколониальных практик как часть устойчивого развития фэшн-индустрии. Даны рекомендации по улучшению ситуации существующих этических проблем и по внедрению постколониальных практик. Упоминается существование расового и этнического неравенства в экономике, культуре и образовании, а также притеснения во многих сферах деятельности, в том числе и в моде. Отмечена необходимость дальнейшего исследования роли постколониализма в устойчивом развитии моды. Обращено внимание на существование еще многих препятствий и вызовов на пути к более устойчивой и справедливой индустрии моды, для преодоления которых очень важным являются образование, инновации и сотрудничество.
Глобальное сотрудничество между участниками индустрии: правительством и социумом, необходимо для разработки и реализации совместных решений и стратегий. Инновации в моделях бизнеса и технологиях могут помочь улучшить устойчивость и эффективность производства, а осведомленность и образование потребителей могут стимулировать спрос на постколониальные и устойчивые предметы одежды.
PISTAS DULCES-ÁCIDAS EN LA DIETA DEL MONO AULLADOR (ALOUATTA PALLIATA AEQUATORIALIS) DEL PARQUE NACIONAL SOBERANÍA, PANAMÁ
Authors: Newbold Jeami , Arias Adyani , Méndez-Carvajal Pedro G. , Gutiérrez-Pineda Karol M. 
Published: July 2024

Algunas especies de primates utilizan las cualidades dulce-acidas para determinar la presencia de carbohidratos y evitar compuestos que impidan la ingesta adecuada de nutrientes. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar los efectos de la sacarosa y pH en la aceptación de las partes vegetales (PV) por Alouatta palliata aequatorialis en el Parque Nacional Soberanía. Localizamos a los individuos por medio de búsqueda directa e indirecta por rastro. Realizamos 76 animales focales (AF) para evaluar la frecuencia de aceptación de las PV (hojas, frutos, pecíolos y estípulas), las cuales fueron colectadas posteriormente para ser identificadas. También colectamos las PV evaluadas (aceptadas/rechazadas) para medir la sacarosa mediante un refractómetro y el pH con tiras reactivas. Obtuvimos que los AF se alimentaron principalmente de frutos (36.4%), hojas (33.9%) y peciolos (29.7%) de 10 especies vegetales. Las PV consumidas presentaron un porcentaje de sacarosa (Brix%) entre 4.3 a 14.3 (x? 9.1±SD3.2), con diferencia entre ellas (F:10.1668, gl:2, p:0.0003). El pH presentó un rango de 4 a 7 (x? :5.5±SD:0.9), con diferencias entre las PV (Chi2:10.77, gl:2, p:0.0046). No hubo dependencia en la frecuencia de aceptación de las PV con respecto a la sacarosa (p:0.07191) y el pH (p:0.3621). Esto apoya a que los monos aulladores pueden utilizar estas cualidades como un indicativo, pero sin un efecto en la aceptación. Para completar esta investigación, proponemos que se evalúen las cualidades astringentes y amargas para determinar su efecto en la aceptación.
léxico disponible en estudiantes de dos extensiones universitarias del Centro Regional Universitario de Veraguas
Authors: Quijano Peñalba Edith del Carmen 
Published: July 2024

El léxico disponible hace referencia al conjunto de palabras que el hablante mantiene almacenadas en su lexicón mental y que están dispuestas para ser utilizadas cuando las circunstancias comunicativas lo requieran. El presente artículo expone un estudio de disponibilidad léxica llevado a cabo en una muestra de alumnos de primer año de dos extensiones universitarias ubicadas en la comarca Ngäbe-Buglé de la provincia de Veraguas. El propósito de esta investigación es conocer el nivel léxico disponible de la segunda lengua en el que se encuentran estos estudiantes. La metodología empleada estuvo sujeta a las disposiciones propias del proyecto Panhispánico de la Disponibilidad Léxica, pero acomodado dentro del tercer bloque de estos estudios. En el procesamiento de los datos se dispuso del programa informático Dispolex. El análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de los resultados permite concluir que los factores socioculturales influyen en el proceso adquisitivo y productivo del léxico de la segunda lengua; y el sexo masculino mantuvo una mayor disponibilidad de lexías producto del contacto constante con entornos en los que comunicarse en lengua segunda es inevitable.
Influence of technological parameters on the process of electrochemical dissolution of tin-lead alloy
Authors: Акбаров М.С. , Чернышова О.В. , Усольцева Г.А. , Акпанбаев Р.С. 
Published: July 2024

В настоящей статье изложены результаты электрохимического растворения Sn-Pb сплава в электролитах на основе сульфаминовой кислоты, проводимого в гальваностатическом режиме при различных значениях плотностей тока. Показано, что в диапазоне исследуемых плотностей тока 0,10-0,25 А/см2 скорость растворения сплава зависит от состава электролита – добавка азотной кислоты увеличивает скорость растворения в 1,8 раза, снижение концентрации сульфаминовой кислоты в 2 раза ведет к снижению скорости растворения в 1,3 раза. Установлено, что в при проведении процесса электрохимического растворения Sn-Pb сплава в гальваностатическом режиме при плотностях тока 0,10-0,25 А/см2 катодный осадок имеет состав (масс.% ): свинец – 99,4-99,6; олово – 0,4-0,6.
This article presents the results of electrochemical dissolution of Sn-Pb alloy in electrolytes based on sulfamic acid, conducted in galvanostatic mode at different values of current densities. It is shown that in the range of the studied current densities of 0,10-0,25 A/cm2, the dissolution rate of the alloy depends on the composition of the electrolyte – the addition of nitric acid increases the dissolution rate by 1,8 times, a decrease in the concentration of sulfamic acid by 2 times leads to a decrease in the dissolution rate by 1,3 times. It was found that during the electrochemical dissolution of the Sn-Pb alloy in galvanostatic mode at current densities of 0,10-0,25 A/cm2, the cathode precipitate has the composition (mass%): lead – 99,4-99,6; tin – 0,4-0,6.