bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment with oncolytic vaccinia virus infects tumor-infiltrating regulatory and exhausted T cells
Authors: DePeaux Kristin , Gunn William G , Rivadeneira Dayana B , Delgoffe Greg M 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundOncolytic viruses (OVs) are an attractive way to increase immune infiltration into an otherwise cold tumor. While OVs are engineered to selectively infect tumor cells, there is evidence that they can infect other non-malignant cells in the tumor. We sought to determine if oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV) can infect lymphocytes in the tumor and, if so, how this was linked to therapeutic efficacy.MethodsTo investigate infection of lymphocytes by VV, we used a GFP reporting VV in a murine head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumor model. We also performed in vitro infection studies to determine the mechanism and consequences of VV lymphocyte infection by VV.ResultsOur findings show that VV carries the capacity to infect proportions of immune cells, most notably T cells, after intratumoral treatment. Notably, this infection is preferential to terminally differentiated T cells that tend to reside in hypoxia. Infection of T cells leads to both virus production by the T cells as well as the eventual death of these cells. Using a mouse model which overexpressed the antiapoptotic protein Bcl2 in all T cells, we found that reducing T cell death following VV infection in MEER tumors reduced the number of complete regressions and reduced survival time compared with littermate control mice.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that OVs are capable of infecting more than just malignant cells after treatment, and that this infection may be an important part of the OV mechanism. We found that exhausted CD8+ T cells and regulatory CD4+ T cells were preferentially infected at early timepoints after treatment and subsequently died. When cell death in T cells was mitigated, mice responded poorly to VV treatment, suggesting that the deletion of these populations is critical to the therapeutic response to VV.
UK female veterans’ physical health: perceived impact of military service and experiences of accessing healthcare. Findings of a qualitative study
Authors: Morgan Louise , Hooks C , Fossey M , Buxton E , Rose Godier-McBard L 
Published: August 2024

IntroductionWomen make up almost 14% of the UK’s veteran population; however, little is known about female veterans’ physical health and experiences of accessing healthcare after military service. As part of a qualitative study to understand female veterans’ experiences of statutory and charitable support, participants were asked if they felt anything about their military service had impacted their physical health as civilians. They were also asked about their experiences with accessing healthcare and any associated challenges. The aim of this paper is to outline participants’ responses to inform the development of further research.Methods85 women who had served in the British Armed Forces took part in semistructured interviews conducted via Microsoft Teams between June and December 2022. Reflexive thematic analysis of interview transcripts was conducted to identify, analyse and report repeated patterns in responses to questions.ResultsParticipants reported a range of physical health consequences that they attributed to military service. These included injuries sustained during training and deployment, ‘wear and tear’ through training and the impact of sometimes unsuitable clothing. They reported chronic pain, tendonitis, arthritis, slipped discs, broken bones and hearing loss. Some described their lives as severely restricted as a result. Challenges to accessing healthcare included perceived stigma associated with help-seeking, inconsistency around the transfer of medical records and a widespread lack of veteran awareness among civilian healthcare professionals.ConclusionsThere is a distinct lack of research in the UK against which to compare these findings; thus, further research is required in all areas of female veterans’ physical health and experiences of accessing healthcare. Research should begin by establishing the nature and prevalence of health conditions among female and male veterans to identify the unique needs of both and tailor support accordingly.
Destitute and dying: interventions and models of palliative and end of life care for homeless adults – a systematic review
Authors: Coverdale Megan Rose , Murtagh Fliss 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundHomeless adults experience a significant symptom burden when living with a life-limiting illness and nearing the end of life. This increases the inequalities that homeless adults face while coping with a loss of rootedness in the world. There is a lack of palliative and end of life care provision specifically adapted to meet their needs, exacerbating their illness and worsening the quality of their remaining life.AimTo identify interventions and models of care used to address the palliative and end of life care needs of homeless adults, and to determine their effectiveness.MethodsStandard systematic reviewing methods were followed, searching from 1 January 2000 the databases: Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsycInfo. Results were reported following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and described using a narrative synthesis. Study quality was assessed using Hawker’s Quality Assessment Tool.ResultsNine studies primarily focused on: education and palliative training for support staff; advance care planning; a social model for hospice care; and the creation of new roles to provide extra support to homeless adults through health navigators, homeless champions or palliative outreach teams. The voices of those experiencing homelessness were rarely included.ConclusionWe identified key components of care to optimise the support for homeless adults needing palliative and end of life care: advocacy; multidisciplinary working; professional education; and care in the community. Future research must include the perspectives of those who are homeless.
Constraining the EdGB theory with extreme mass-ratio inspirals
Authors: Tan Jing , Zhang Jian-dong , Fan Hui-Min , Mei Jianwei 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe Einstein-dilaton-Gauss–Bonnet (EdGB) theory is a modified theory of gravity which include a scalar field to couple with the higher order curvature terms. It has already been constrained with various observations include the gravitational wave (GW) with LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration. In this work, we study the capability for space-borne GW detectors to constrain the EdGB theory using the signal of Extreme Mass-Ratio Inspiral (EMRIs). We use the “numerical kludge (NK)” method to construct the waveform of EMRI in the EdGB theory, focusing on the case when the central black hole is spinless. We then study how a future space-borne gravitational wave detector, TianQin, for example, can place constraints on the EdGB theory through the detection of EMRIs. With the analysis using mismatch and Fisher Information Matrix (FIM), we find that the EdGB parameter $$\sqrt{\alpha }$$

α

is expected to be constrained to the level of $$\sim \mathcal {O}(0.1)$$

∼
O
(
0.1
)

km.
Geodesics structure and deflection angle of electrically charged black holes in gravity with a background Kalb–Ramond field
Authors: Al-Badawi Ahmad , Shaymatov Sanjar , Sakallı İzzet 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article investigates the geodesic structure and deflection angle of charged black holes in the presence of a nonzero vacuum expectation value background of the Kalb–Ramond field. Topics explored include null and timelike geodesics, energy extraction by collisions, and the motion of charged particles. The photon sphere radius is calculated and plotted to examine the effects of both the black hole charge (Q) and the Lorentz-violating parameter (b) on null geodesics. The effective potential for timelike geodesics is analyzed, and second-order analytical orbits are derived. We further show that the combined effects of Lorentz-violating parameter and electric charge can mimic a Kerr black hole spin parameter up to its maximum values, i.e., $$a/M \sim 1$$

a
/
M
∼
1

thus suggesting that the current precision of measurements of highly spinning black hole candidates may not rule out the effect of Lorentz-violating parameter. The center of mass energy of colliding particles is also considered, demonstrating a decrease with increasing Lorentz-violating parameter. Circular orbiting particles of charged particles are discovered, with the minimum radius for a stable circular orbit decreasing as both b and Q increase. Results show that this circular orbit is particularly sensitive to changes in the Lorentz-violating parameter. Additionally, a timelike particle trajectory is demonstrated as a consequence of the combined effects of parameters b and Q. Finally, the light deflection angle is analyzed using the weak field limit approach to determine the Lorentz-breaking effect, employing the Gauss–Bonnet theorem for computation. Findings are visualized with appropriate plots and thoroughly discussed.
HL Mandarin Speakers Toss the Same Way as Fluent Mandarin Speakers
Authors: Hoang Huong , Mori Yondu , Nicoladis Elena , Gao Helena Hong , Du Yu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Heritage language (HL) speakers often show weaker semantics in HL words than speakers who continue to learn and use the language. In this study, we tested whether HL Mandarin speakers simplified near-synonyms of throw verbs by diminishing the difference between the near-synonyms and/or by diminishing the difference between the generic throw verb and other near-synonyms. Two participant groups, HL Mandarin speakers and English second-language learners, acted out six Mandarin near-synonyms of throw verbs and the English verb throw. The results showed more similarities than differences between the two groups in the core features of throw verb semantics (force, speed, and direction). We observed few signs of simplification. One interpretation of these results is that early and/or naturalistic exposure to Mandarin was an important predictor of speakers’ knowledge of conceptual features. These results add to the literature showing that there can be factors beyond proficiency that contribute to speakers’ lexical semantics.
Medicine Time: a New Socio-Temporal Element in the Cities of Ōsaka and Kyoto in Late Sixteenth Century Japan
Authors: Goble Andrew Edmund 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The essay will explore new understandings of time in daily life coincident with the onset of urbanization and availability of medical treatment in urban areas in late sixteenth century Japan, focusing on the cities of Ōsaka and Kyoto. The primary source for the essay is a contemporary diary (Tokitsune kyōki) that provides a near-daily record of activity over a period of twenty years.
The essay will explore such topics as: reporting of medical symptoms, keeping track of the progress of ailments, the keeping by patients of longer-term records of medicines and their use; times reported for physician – patient interactions, which shed light on activity time in daily life; references to, and speculation on the need to note, time of arrival and departure for trips or attendance at events; and the apparent new rhythms of time consciousness associated with regular medicinal ingestion as part of a long-term health maintenance regimen.
Notes for a Sociological Analytic of Temporal Discomfort
Authors: Cristiano Javier Luis 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The article proposes the rudiments of a framework for the analysis of social conditions in which time is most likely to be experienced as a problem. To do this, we start from a circumscription of the idea of temporal discomfort, a type of experience of time lived by the actors themselves as a problem or suffering. Based on this clarification ten forms of temporal discomfort are then differentiated, which include different meanings of “lack of time” but also phenomena such as temporal emptiness or problematic relationships with the past and the future. It is then postulated that all these discomforts can be interpreted as a product of contradictions between wanting, duty and power, factors that are socially constituted and are, therefore, different in different structural positions.
Evidence for a Causal Dissociation of the McGurk Effect and Congruent Audiovisual Speech Perception via TMS to the Left pSTS
Authors: Ahn EunSeon , Majumdar Areti , Lee Taraz G. , Brang David 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Congruent visual speech improves speech perception accuracy, particularly in noisy environments. Conversely, mismatched visual speech can alter what is heard, leading to an illusory percept that differs from the auditory and visual components, known as the McGurk effect. While prior transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and neuroimaging studies have identified the left posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) as a causal region involved in the generation of the McGurk effect, it remains unclear whether this region is critical only for this illusion or also for the more general benefits of congruent visual speech (e.g., increased accuracy and faster reaction times). Indeed, recent correlative research suggests that the benefits of congruent visual speech and the McGurk effect rely on largely independent mechanisms. To better understand how these different features of audiovisual integration are causally generated by the left pSTS, we used single-pulse TMS to temporarily disrupt processing within this region while subjects were presented with either congruent or incongruent (McGurk) audiovisual combinations. Consistent with past research, we observed that TMS to the left pSTS reduced the strength of the McGurk effect. Importantly, however, left pSTS stimulation had no effect on the positive benefits of congruent audiovisual speech (increased accuracy and faster reaction times), demonstrating a causal dissociation between the two processes. Our results are consistent with models proposing that the pSTS is but one of multiple critical areas supporting audiovisual speech interactions. Moreover, these data add to a growing body of evidence suggesting that the McGurk effect is an imperfect surrogate measure for more general and ecologically valid audiovisual speech behaviors.
Growth and physiological indices of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × Epinephelus lanceolatus) fed with black soldier fly larvae meal
Authors: Ukwela E.J. , Rahmah S. , Chian W.C. , Leong L.S. , Liew H.J. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Having fish meal (FM) as the principal protein source in aquafeed is no longer sustainable and economically viable. The market demand for hybrid grouper is on the rise, hence the need for a sustainable alternative protein source in their diets that will help farmers profitably meet the rising demand. This study was conducted to determine the appropriate inclusion levels and effect of black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) on the growth performance, feed utilization, somatic and physiological indices of juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ߻ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ߼) sized about 115.8 ± 2.19 g for 90 days feeding trial. Four isonitrogenous diets were formulated as 0 (control), 15, 30 and 50% BSFLM protein as a replacement for FM protein. Results have shown that hybrid grouper are able to accept BSFLM replacement with no significant difference noticed in terms of feed intake, survival, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency rate compared to FM. However, higher weight gain and specific growth rate were found in fish that received BSFLM30. Adversely, the lowest performances were observed in fish fed with BSFLM50. As for muscle proximate compositions, overall fish fed with BSFLM contained higher protein but low lipid content. The hematocrit and plasma osmolality were not significantly affected by dietary BSFLM. Based on the results obtained, this study concluded that the optimum BSFLM inclusion level for juvenile hybrid grouper is between 21-24% for optimum performances.
Questioning the Avant-Garde
Authors: Foucault Anne 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The global symbolic destitution that was at the core of the revolutionary months of May and June 1968 forced the Parisian surrealist group to entirely rethink its vocabulary and means of action. The aim of this article is to study these fundamental evolutions marking a shift in surrealism’s history regarding its relationship to an avant-gardist conception of revolution, still inherited, despite the rupture with the French Communist Party, from a Leninist scope. The Paris Surrealist collective, as such, was no longer effective and dissolved itself in the protest movement. Analyzing surrealist commitments in different action committees allows us to understand how these organizing structures representative of May ’68 confront surrealism, including its own internal functioning. It also gives new clues for understanding the dissolution, a few months later, of the Parisian surrealist group.
The Revolutionary Consciousness of Surrealism Faced with Totalitarianism
Authors: Richardson Michael 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Surrealism presents itself as a revolutionary movement, but it isn’t clear what sort of revolution it envisages. In the early years the Surrealists had a complicated relationship with the French communist party that ended in the 1930s in disillusionment. Flirtations with Trotskyism and anarchism were hardly more encouraging, and although in the early 1960s they enthusiastically welcomed the 1959 Cuban Revolution, this once again soon turned to disillusionment. This article looks at the experience of the Surrealists as the clouds of totalitarianism began to form in the 1930s. It reappraises what ‘revolution’ might mean in the context of Surrealism, taking particular account of Pierre Mabille’s 1937 study of egregores, that is, the socio-psychological process by which aggregates of people solidify into recognizable entities able to effect social and political change. From this perspective François Jullien’s notion of ‘silent transformations’ is also considered.
Civic Space for Advocacy Non-governmental Organizations in Developing Countries
Authors: Rugeiyamu Rogers , Nguyahambi Ajali Mustafa 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The civic space is under attack globally and even more so in developing countries as a result of democratic recession. Civil society organizations are especially affected. However, the experience of advocacy non-governmental organizations (NGO s) in the civic space has not been significantly explored. The aim of this study is twofold: to undertake a systematic review of the literature from developing countries using the PRISMA protocol; and to look at the experience of advocacy NGO s in the civic space in Tanzania. A thematic approach is used to analyze the primary data. The results confirm that advocacy NGO s are more affected and show that the nature of their advocacy determines their position in the civic space. In Tanzania, advocacy NGO s focusing on checking state power and advocating policy changes, good governance, and human rights are subject to more restrictions because of their criticism of the government.
A non-randomised controlled trial of a community-based accommodation and psychosocial support programme for adults experiencing mental illness and homelessness
Authors: Savaglio Melissa , Vincent Ash , Merklin Nicholas , Skouteris Helen 
Published: August 2024

Background: The transition out of inpatient mental health is a crucial time for adults experiencing concurrent mental illness and homelessness, yet evidence regarding effective support options is mixed. Choices is an intensive 3-month psychosocial outreach and crisis accommodation support programme for adults experiencing mental illness and homelessness, delivered by Baptcare in Tasmania, Australia. This study examined the effect of Choices on adults’ psychosocial functioning, clinical symptomology and psychiatric readmissions in comparison to standard care only. Method: Participants were adults aged 18–64 years experiencing mental illness and homelessness, recruited upon discharge from a psychiatric admission. Intervention participants ( n = 124) received the Choices programme. Control participants ( n = 122) received standard care, clinical assessment and treatment from hospital-based Mental Health Services. Outcomes were psychosocial functioning (primary), clinical symptomology, hospital readmission rate and readmission length of stay. Outcomes were assessed at programme commencement and closure (3 months) and 3 months post-closure (intervention group only). Analysis of covariance was used to analyse differences between groups at closure, while controlling for baseline differences. Results: Intervention participants had significantly improved social functioning (encompassing living conditions, social relationships, self-esteem/confidence), overall psychosocial functioning, symptoms of depression and anxiety and shorter hospital readmission length of stay in comparison to the control group. Intervention participants experienced further improvements in social and overall psychosocial functioning 3 months post-closure. Conclusion: The Choices programme is effective in enhancing the psychosocial functioning of adults experiencing concurrent mental illness and homelessness. These findings support the ongoing delivery of this combined accommodation and wrap-around psychosocial model of intensive support.
Damage characterization and discrimination in laser-shocked carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminates: A mass-spring-damping model approach
Authors: Xu Ming , Tang Yuyuan , Wu Haonian , Yan Li , Nie Xiangfan 
Published: August 2024

Laser bond inspection (LBI) plays a crucial role in the assessment of interfacial bond strength. However, the development of damage by laser parameters influences the detection and identification of damage. To overcome this challenge, this paper develops a “mass-spring-damping” response model for laser-shocked CFRP laminates and proposes a new damage characterization parameter “ R”. The effects of laser parameters on damage are investigated in the range of 20∼300 ns laser pulse width, 2 and 5 mm laser spot diameters and 0∼6 J laser energy on a 1.5 mm thick T300/AK8210 CFRP laminate. And by combining the parameter “ R” with the laser parameters, the corresponding damage pattern curves can be obtained and the internal damage can be characterized by dividing the four damage stages by the extreme points. Based on the pattern curve, a new analysis method is proposed and a laser shock damage discrimination model is constructed. The model can get the damage pattern curve of this specimen under 5 mm spot diameter and any pulse width within 20∼300 ns, so as to achieve the damage characterization and damage prediction. Relative error between predicted and true results within 9%.