bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Thermal Cycling on Surface Roughness, Hardness and Flexural Strength of Polymethylmethacrylate and Polyamide Denture Base Resins
Authors: Ayaz Elif Aydoğan , Bağış Bora , Turgut Sedanur 
Published: October 2015

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of thermal cycling on the surface roughness, hardness and flexural strength of denture resins. Methods Polyamide (PA; Deflex and Valplast) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA; QC-20 and Acron MC) denture materials were selected. A total of 180 specimens were fabricated and then divided into 3 groups. The first group (group 1) acted as a control and was not thermocycled. The second group (group 2) was subjected to thermocycling for 10,000 cycles in artificial saliva and 5,000 cycles in distilled water. The last group (group 3) was thermocycled for 20,000 cycles in artificial saliva and 10,000 cycles in distilled water. The surface roughness were measured with a profilometer. The hardness of the resins were measured with a Vickers Hardness Tester using a 100-gf load. The flexural strength test was performed using the universal test machine with a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. Data were analyzed using statistical software. The results of the measurements in the 3 different tests were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test with Bonferroni correction. Multiple comparisons were made by Conover and Wilcoxon tests. Results and conclusions There was a significant difference between the PMMA and PA groups in terms of surface roughness, hardness and transverse strength before and after thermal cycling (p<0.001). Thermal cycling did not change the surface roughness, hardness and flexural strength values of either the PMMA or PA group (p>0.001).
Cytotoxicity and Gelatinolytic Activity of a New Silicon-Based Endodontic Sealer
Authors: Silva Emmanuel J.N.L. , Neves Aline A. , De-Deus Gustavo , Accorsi-Mendonça Thais , Moraes Ana Paula , Valentim Rodrigo M. , Moreira Edson J. 
Published: October 2015

Purpose To compare the cytotoxicity, gelatinolytic activity, and protein levels (MMP-2 and MMP-9) produced by 3T3 fibroblasts cells after stimulation with GuttaFlow 2 and AH Plus. Methods 3T3 fibroblasts were incubated with elutes of GuttaFlow 2 and AH Plus for 24 h. The cytotoxicity of tested materials was determined using the MTT and the LDH assay. Supernatants of cell cultures incubated with sealers were collected to determine the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 gelatinolytic activity by gelatin zymography. Cell lysates were used to determine MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein levels by Western Blot. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey test (P<0.05). Results AH Plus showed significantly less cell viability (mitochondrial activity of cells) than GuttaFlow 2 (P<0.01). Moreover, GuttaFlow 2 was noncytotoxic, showing no statistically significant difference in LDH leakage levels compared to the control group (p>0.05). Specific characterization of MMPs demonstrated that GuttaFlow 2 seemed not to affect MMP-2 levels compared with the control group, while AH Plus had elevated gelatinolytic activity and protein levels of MMP-2 as confirmed by quantitative measurements. No detectable gelatinolytic activity or protein levels of MMP-9 (92 kDa) was observed in any tested group. Conclusions GuttaFlow 2 did not showed cytotoxic effects and did not induce MMP-2 or MMP-9 expression.
Evaluation of HER2 by Automated FISH and IHC in Gastric Carcinoma Biopsies
Authors: Silva Maria R. , Alarcão Ana , Ferreira Teresa , d'Aguiar Maria , Ladeirinha Ana , Balseiro Sandra , Carvalho Lina 
Published: October 2015

Purpose The use of trastuzumab (Herceptin) to target HER2 has been applied in breast carcinoma and gastric carcinoma (GC). Previous studies have tested trastuzumab's effectiveness by assessing HER2 expression or HER2 amplification by means of immunohistochemistry (IHC) or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In this work we aimed to evaluate automated FISH and IHC technologies for HER2 detection in GC biopsies to be used in routine pathology practice. Methods The study used an Oracle HER2 IHC System and an LSI HER2/CEP17 Dual Probe on an automated Bond™ system (Leica Microsystems). One hundred GC biopsies were evaluated including 44 intestinal type, 38 diffuse type and 18 indeterminate type according to Lauren's classification. Results The overall concordance rate between the automated FISH and IHC methods was 94% ( κ = 0.87), as 6 samples were scored as equivocal (4 in IHC and 2 in FISH). Moreover, HER2 positivity was significantly different between the 3 types of GC (p<0.05), being more frequent in intestinal-type GC (23%) than in the other 2 histological types (5% and 0%). Finally, the HER2/CEP17 FISH ratio was significantly different (p<0.01) between disomic and polysomic samples, being higher in polysomic samples (mean 1.633 ± 0.509) than in disomic samples (mean 1.231 ± 0.675). Conclusions Automated HER2 testing of GC biopsies using the Leica Bond system was useful and efficient. This method allowed us to improve normal routine procedures, minimizing time and costs as well as handling and observation errors.
Concordance Rate between HER2 Immunohistochemistry and in Situ Hybridization in Gastric Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pyo Jung-Soo , Sohn Jin Hee , Kim Woo Ho 
Published: October 2015

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) in gastric carcinoma (GC) through a systematic review, meta-analysis and diagnostic test accuracy review. Method The current study included 12,679 GC cases and 181 subsets in 45 eligible studies. We performed concordance analysis between HER2 IHC and in situ hybridization (ISH) in GC. Diagnostic test accuracy was analyzed and the area under the curve (AUC) on the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was calculated. Results HER2 amplification rates were 3.0%, 31.8%, and 93.0% in the IHC score 0/1+, 2+, and 3+ groups, respectively. The concordance rates between IHC and ISH were 0.969 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.962-0.975), 0.393 (95% CI 0.331-0.458) and 0.915 (95% CI 0.882-0.939) in the HER2 IHC score 0/1+, 2+, and 3+ groups, respectively. For all the HER2 IHC score groups, the positive rates were higher in the silver ISH (SISH) subgroup than in the fluorescence ISH (FISH) and chromogenic ISH (CISH) subgroups. In diagnostic test accuracy review, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.86 (95% CI 0.84-0.87) and 0.91 (95% CI 0.90-0.91). The AUC on SROC curve was 0.958. However, there was no significant difference in the values of AUC between the ISH methods. Conclusions Our results showed that HER2 IHC was well concordant with ISH in HER2 IHC score 0/1+ or 3+. Although this meta-analysis showed higher diagnostic accuracy of HER2 IHC, more detailed criteria for HER2 IHC score 2+ cases will be required to predict HER2 status.
An Efficacy of Intensive Vitamin D Delivery to Neointimal Hyperplasia in Recurrent Vascular Access Stenosis
Authors: Sato Tetsuhiko , Iwasaki Yoshiko , Kikkawa Yamato , Fukagawa Masafumi 
Published: October 2015

Purpose Neointimal hyperplasia (NH) causes vascular access (VA) stenosis, which results in serious under-dialytic morbidity in hemodialysis patients. We sought to assess whether a vitamin D intervention to NH lesions leads to better VA patency and examined clinical and in vitro studies. Methods A pilot clinical study of six hemodialysis patients was conducted to elucidate whether 0.5 μg calcitriol injection to stenotic lesion after balloon angioplasty (PTA) maintains better vessel patency until the next follow-up angiography. Localized vitamin D exposure was utilized by delivering and fixing calcitriol intensively at the stenotic lesion through a side-hole catheter with balloon clamping. We also performed vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) culture to detect both apoptosis (cell death detection assay) and cell viability (5-Bromo-2′-deoxy-uridine incorporation), and explored the efficacy of vitamin D to inhibit VSMC proliferation. Additionally, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to examine vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression at NH lesion, obtained from VA surgery. Results Percent patency, the proportion between stenotic and non-stenotic vessel diameters, increased significantly (p = 0.03) after directly catheter-delivered 0.5 μg calcitriol administration. In vitro VSMC studies, 0.1 nM calcitriol significantly (p<0.05) enhanced apoptosis and cell-cycle inhibition for two different calcitriol exposure times (15 minutes and 24 hours). IHC staining revealed that VDR-positive hyperplastic cells were observed at NH lesion. Conclusions Intensive vitamin D exposure at NH lesion has an ability to inhibit further VSMC proliferation, and presumably leads to greater patency rate for recurrent VA stenosis. Further studies are needed to clarify whether its unique property is exhibited through VDR-mediated mechanism.
Ischemic Colitis Diagnosed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging during Lenalidomide Treatment in a Patient with Relapsed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Guerrini Susanna , Bucalossi Alessandro , Cioffi Squitieri Nevada , Mazzei Francesco G. , Volterrani Luca , Mazzei Maria Antonietta 
Published: October 2015

Introduction Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematological neoplasm that also affects young patients. The progression-free survival after autologous stem cell transplant has improved with the introduction of several novel agents such as lenalidomide, which may, however, increase the risk of adverse events. Methods We describe the case of a 54-year-old woman with relapse of multiple myeloma 3 years after myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplant who developed abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea following 7 months of lenalidomide therapy. Results Abdominal plain x-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without intravenous contrast material showed left-sided and splenic flexure acute ischemic colitis with reperfusion phenomena. Continuous intravenous infusion of unfractionated heparin was given with metronidazole and meropenem and the patient improved within a few days. MRI performed 15 days later confirmed complete recovery of ischemic colitis. Conclusions To our knowledge there have been no previously reported cases of ischemic colitis during lenalidomide therapy as a single agent in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, in particular promptly diagnosed by MRI.
Extramammary Paget Disease of the Vulva: Minimal Excision with Adjuvant Radiation Treatment for Optimal Aesthetic Results
Authors: Jeon Myeong Su , Jung Gyu Yong , Lee Joon Ho , Kang Kyung Won , No Kwang Won 
Published: October 2015

Aims and background Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is an uncommon malignant neoplasm that occurs in areas containing apocrine glands, and the vulva is the most commonly involved site. Wide surgical excision with subsequent defect reconstruction is widely accepted as the first-line treatment for EMPD. More recently, radiation treatment has been considered an appropriate primary or adjuvant treatment. In an effort to replace wide excision and avoid unfavorable aesthetic results and sexual dysfunction, we decided to excise the tumor minimally and to add adjuvant radiation treatment. Methods A 71-year-old woman had EMPD at the right labium majus. The patient was treated by minimal excision with a 1-cm safety margin and by adjuvant radiation treatment weekly from 1 month to 3 months after surgery to a total dose of 70.2 Gy. Four months after completing the radiation treatment, a 10-point surgical biopsy around the site of previous resection was performed. Radiation treatment caused hypertrophy of the left labium minus, which was treated by additional labiaplasty (labium minus reduction) to obtain optimal aesthetic results. Results Surgical biopsy revealed no definite evidence of recurrence. Currently, the patient had no EMPD symptoms, is satisfied with a symmetrical vagina, and experiences no discomfort during ordinary activities or intercourse. Conclusions Minimal tumor excision (with a 1-cm safety margin), adjuvant radiotherapy, and additional labiaplasty were performed to treat EMPD. Complete tumor removal without recurrence, an aesthetically satisfactory result, and normal sexual function were achieved in this patient.
FDG-PET/CT to Predict Optimal Primary Cytoreductive Surgery in Patients with Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Preliminary Results
Authors: Alessi Alessandra , Martinelli Fabio , Padovano Barbara , Serafini Gianluca , Lorusso Domenica , Lorenzoni Alice , Ditto Antonino , Lecce Francesca , Mira Marta , Donfrancesco Cristina , Raspagliesi Francesco , Crippa Flavio 
Published: October 2015

Aims and background Primary cytoreductive surgery (CRS) has a significant impact on prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Patient selection is important to recognize factors limiting optimal CRS and to avoid unnecessary aggressive surgical procedures. We evaluated the contribution of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in the presurgical identification of disease sites that may preclude EOC cytoreducibility. Methods Patients with suspected EOC underwent 18F-FDG-PET/CT within 20 days before debulking surgery. The PET/CT results were compared with surgical findings and postsurgery histopathology in order to assess the diagnostic value. Results Between August 2013 and January 2014, 29 patients were evaluated. The histopathology showed 23 EOC and 6 benign tumors. The FDG-PET/CT was positive (maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax] 11.3 ± 5.4) in 21/23 (91%) patients with EOC and provided 2 false-negatives (1 mucinous and 1 clear cell carcinoma; SUVmax ≤2.8). The FDG-PET/CT was true-negative (SUVmax 2.2 ± 1.6) in 4 out of 6 patients (67%). False-positive FDG-PET results were obtained in 2 cellular fibromas (SUVmax 4.8 and 5.6). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of PET/CT to characterize ovarian masses were 91%, 67%, and 86%, respectively. Among the 21 FDG-PET/CT-positive EOC, we detected factors limiting optimal CRS in 6 cases (29%): 4 hepatic hilum infiltration and 2 root mesentery involvement, confirmed at surgical exploration. The FDG-PET did not find limiting factors in the remaining 15 patients (71%) in whom optimal CRS was obtained. Conclusions Fluorodeoxyglucose-PET/CT shows high sensitivity but suboptimal specificity in the characterization of ovarian masses. However, PET/CT may play a role in noninvasively selecting patients with EOC who can benefit from primary CRS.
Medical Conditions, Family History of Cancer, and the Risk of Biliary Tract Cancers
Authors: Rosato Valentina , Bosetti Cristina , Maso Dal Luigino , Montella Maurizio , Serraino Diego , Negri Eva , La Vecchia Carlo 
Published: October 2015

Background Scanty data exist on the role of personal medical conditions, except for gallstones, and family history of cancer on the risk of biliary tract cancers (BTC). Methods We analyzed this issue using data from two Italian case-control studies, including 159 cases of BTC and 795 matched hospital controls. Odds ratios (ORs) of BTC and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multiple logistic regression models. Results Gallstones were associated with a 2-fold excess risk of BTC (95% CI 1.24-3.45). No significant associations were observed with other conditions investigated, including diabetes (OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.63-2.11), hypertension (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.39-1.11), hyperlipidemia (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.31-1.21), allergy (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.29-1.40), gastroduodenal ulcer (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.24-1.12), hepatitis (OR 2.02, 95% CI 0.35-11.67), benign thyroid diseases (OR 1.16, 95% CI 0.56-2.40), hysterectomy (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.53-2.68), unilateral oophorectomy (OR 1.75, 95% CI 0.44-6.93), and bilateral oophorectomy (OR 2.48, 95% CI 0.79-7.82). We found an excess risk of BTC in relation to family history of any cancer (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.03-2.24) and family history of gallbladder cancer (OR 3.83, 95% CI 0.59-24.75). Conclusions The present study confirms a strong association between BTC and history of gallstones, and provides further evidence of a positive association with family history of cancer.
Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 7 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion in SOSP-M Human Osteosarcoma Cell Line
Authors: Huang Yan , Yao Jianhua , Zhu Bing , Zhang Jianzheng , Sun Tiansheng 
Published: October 2015

Purpose Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor and has low cure rates. Our study aimed to evaluate the roles of mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 (MAPK7) in cell proliferation, migration and invasion using the SOSP-M human OS cell line as an in vitro model. Methods SOSP-M cells were transfected with PCDNA3.1-MAPK7 and siRNA-MAPK7 plasmids using Lipofectamine 2000. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to determine the relative expression level of MAPK7 and Western blot analysis was carried out to determine the expression level of ERK5 protein. Then MTT, scratch wound healing and Matrigel transwell assays were used to investigate the roles of MAPK7 expression in the proliferation, migration and invasion, respectively, of SOSP-M cells in vitro. Results RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression level of MAPK7 increased significantly after transfection with PCDNA3.1-MAPK7 plasmid compared with the blank group, while it decreased significantly after transfection with siRNA-MAPK7 plasmid. Similar results for ERK5 expression were obtained by Western blot analysis. In addition, the cell proliferation rate, cell migration rate and invasive cell number in the PCDNA3.1-MAPK7 transfection group increased significantly compared with the blank group, while they decreased significantly in the siRNA-MAPK7 transfection group. Conclusions Our results indicate that overexpression of MAPK7 in human OS cells could promote cell proliferation, migration and invasion, whereas knockdown of MAPK7 expression had the opposite effect. All the results suggest that MAPK7 may serve as a potent target for drug development.
Absence of GNAS Mutation in Colorectal Carcinogenesis
Authors: Lee Hyunsu , La Boo-Mi , Hwang IlSeon , Kang Yu-Na , Choi In-Jang , Lee Jae-Ho 
Published: October 2015

Aims and background The incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) increases every year in Korean populations. However, association between the GNAS mutation and colorectal precancerous lesions has not been studied in in Korean populations. To contribute to better understanding of colorectal carcinogenesis, we analyzed GNAS mutation in 100 cancerous and 96 precancerous colorectal lesions. Methods The records of colonoscopic polypectomy performed at Dongsan Medical Center between 1999 and 2003 were reviewed retrospectively. Precancerous lesions included 7 villous adenomas, 59 tubular adenomas, and 18 sessile serrated adenomas, and 12 hyperplastic polyps. Keimyung Human Bio-Resource Bank at Dongsan Medical Center provided 100 CRC samples. Results GNAS mutation was not found in any colorectal cancer or any precancerous colorectal lesions, including villous adenoma, which is thought to harbor the mutation. Conclusions The role of GNAS mutation might be limited in colorectal neoplasms of the Korean population.
Molecular Detection of Human Papillomavirus and Viral DNA Load after Radiotherapy for Cervical Carcinomas
Authors: Kahla Saloua , Kochbati Lotfi , Sarraj Sana , Ben Daya Imen , Maalej Mongi , Oueslati Ridha 
Published: October 2015

Aims and background Infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary cause for cervical carcinoma. Radiation therapy together with surgery is the most effective treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular basis of the response to radiotherapy in cervical cancer cells. Methods and study design Tumor cells were obtained from biopsies of 44 cervical cancers, collected before and after radiotherapy. The presence of HPV was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers specific for the L1 region. Results The prevalence of HPV was 70.4%, with HPV16 being the most common (54.5%) and HPV18 the second (15.9%). Our analyses show that ionizing radiation does not influence HPV detection, as the percentage of HPV-positive biopsies was similar in patients before and after radiotherapy (HPV16 60% vs. 51.7% and HPV18 20% vs. 13.7%, respectively). However, the detection of HPV did vary by tumor stage, with the highest proportion observed in late-stage tumors (HPV16 and HPV18 in 80% and 60% of stage III tumors, respectively). We also found that HPV viral load is influenced by radiotherapy and tumor stage, with the highest viral loads in late-stage tumors (stage III) after 1 day since radiotherapy (p<0.05). According to Kaplan-Meier curves, higher HPV viral load was associated with significantly shortened progression-free survival (p = 0.04). Conclusions Our data provide prospective evidence that ionizing radiation can affect the HPV viral load and this might offer the best strategies for assessment of therapeutic efficacy.
Jaw Osteonecrosis associated with Aflibercept, Irinotecan and Fluorouracil: Attention to Oral District
Authors: Ponzetti Agostino , Pinta Francesco , Spadi Rosella , Mecca Caterina , Fanchini Laura , Zanini Marcello , Ciuffreda Libero , Racca Patrizia 
Published: October 2015

Introduction The antiangiogenic monoclonal antibody aflibercept in association with fluorouracil and irinotecan improves the survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated previously with oxaliplatin-based therapy. Multiple reports raised the hypothesis that the concomitant use of antiresorptive drugs and antiangiogenic drugs may increase the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). Some reports have been published regarding cases of ONJ during treatment with bevacizumab for mCRC. Case description Here we describe the first reported case of ONJ occurring in a 64-year-old woman with untreated periodontitis and episodic previous pyorrhea occurring during treatment with aflibercept plus FOLFIRI during the expanded-access program. Conclusions This case report warrants further investigation into the potential association between the use of anti-VEGF agents and ONJ. Given the serious nature of ONJ, we recommend that particular attention be paid to the oral district prior to treating patients and during treatment with chemotherapy and targeted agents, especially anti-VEGF agents. Such measures could also be useful in reducing the incidence of stomatitis.
Challenges and Differences in External Radiation Therapy for Retinoblastoma: From Standard Techniques to New Developments
Authors: Hiçsönmez Ayşe , Güney Yıldız , Dizman Ayşen , Dirican Bahar , Arslan Yakup , Atakul Tugba , Uysal Hasan , Gündüz Kaan , Taçyıldız Nurdan , Ünal Emel , Dinçaslan Handan , Andrieu Meltem Nalça 
Published: October 2015

Aims The purpose of this study is to calculate the treatment plans and to compare the dose distributions and dose-volume histograms (DVH) for 6 external radiotherapy techniques for the treatment of retinoblastoma as well as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (Cyberknife). Methods Treatment plans were developed using 6 techniques, including an en face electron technique (ET), an anterior and lateral wedge photon technique (LFT), a 3D conformal (6 fields) technique (CRT), an inverse plan IMRT, tomotherapy, and conventional focal stereotactic external beam radiotherapy with Cyberknife (SBRT). Dose volume analyses were carried out for each technique. Results All techniques except electron provided similar target coverage. When comparing conformal plan with IMRT and SBRT, there was no significant difference in planning target volume dose distribution. The mean volume of ipsilateral bony orbit received more than 20 Gy, a suggested threshold for bone growth inhibition. The V20 Gy was 73% for the ET, 57% for the LFT, 87% for the CRT, 65% for the IMRT, 66% for the tomotherapy, and 2.7% for the SBRT. Conclusions This work supports the potential use of IMRT and SBRT to spare normal tissues in these patients.