bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Stable Magnetic Polyaniline Nanohybrids with Pyrene as a Cross‐Linker for Simultaneous Diagnosis by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Lee Taeksu , Bang Doyeon , Park Yeonji , Chang Young Wook , Kang Byunghoon , Kim Jinyoung , Suh Jin‐Suck , Huh Yong‐Min , Haam Seungjoo 
Published: July 2015

AbstractWe have developed pyrene‐modified magnetic polyaniline nanoparticles (MPANs), a hybridization of MnFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and polyaniline (PANI) with pyrene as a cross‐linker, for diagnosis by simultaneous magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and photothermal therapy. In general, the strong affinity between PANI molecules, owing to interchain hydrogen bonding and the π–π interactions mediated by their aromatic composition, hinders the successful synthesis of complexes of PANI with inorganic materials. To overcome this obstacle, we used pyrene as a cross‐linker to synthesize a stable complex of PANI with MNPs. We first modified the hydrophobic MNPs with pyrene through a hydrophobic interaction and then formed a complex with PANI. The pyrene‐induced π–π interactions between the pyrene molecules on the MNPs and PANI reduced the affinity between the PANI molecules, and the strong affinity between the PANI molecules and MNPs rendered stable nanocomplexes of MPANs. Finally, Cetuximab‐conjugated MPANs were fully tested for simultaneous diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from superparamagnetic MnFe2O4 and photothermal ablation therapy from the near‐infrared absorbing characteristics of PANI in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpressed cancer cells (A‐431 cells) in vitro.
Probing Solid‐State Breathing and Structural Transformations in a Series of Silver(I) Porous Coordination Polymers
Authors: Bloch Witold M. , Sumby Christopher J. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractKey observations of the role anions and solvents play in the solid‐state flexibility of a series of isostructural silver(I) porous coordination polymers (PCPs) are reported. Building upon earlier results for the perchlorate salt, the structural transformations of two new analogues of a 3D PCP [Ag(dpzm)]X (1) (dpzm = 2,2′‐dipyrazinylmethane; X = PF6, ClO4, BF4), which contain either PF6 (1a) or BF4 (1c) counterions, are investigated. These materials undergo a remarkable guest‐induced single‐crystal to single‐crystal (SC‐SC) solid‐state contraction and expansion, which is accurately elucidated by X‐ray crystallography. The extent of breathing for PCPs 1a–1c is shown to relate to the type of anion contained within their 3D structures and the nature of the solvent guest. Using X‐ray diffraction, further light is shed on structural transformations that take place upon desolvation for this group of materials. These investigations reveal that, while the as‐synthesised forms (containing DMSO) undergo a transformation (porous 3D to close‐packed 3D; porous 3D to 2D) upon desolvation, the solvent‐exchanged forms are more stable.
The Dual Reactivity of 5‐S/5‐O‐Phenyl‐1,4,2‐oxathiazoles: A Fragmentation Pathway That Affords Nitriles in the Presence of Water
Authors: Lim Yi Wee , Hewitt Russell J. , Burkett Brendan A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe rearrangement of substituted 1,4,2‐oxathiazoles to nitriles in the presence of water is described. Preliminary investigations suggest that the reaction pathway proceeds via a 1,4,2‐oxathiazolium intermediate, followed by trapping with water and subsequent decomposition to products.
The influence of mild carbon dioxide on brain functional homotopy using resting‐state fMRI
Authors: Marshall Olga , Uh Jinsoo , Lurie Daniel , Lu Hanzhang , Milham Michael P. , Ge Yulin 
Published: July 2015

AbstractHomotopy reflects the intrinsic functional architecture of the brain through synchronized spontaneous activity between corresponding bilateral regions, measured as voxel mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC). Hypercapnia is known to have clear impact on brain hemodynamics through vasodilation, but have unclear effect on neuronal activity. This study investigates the effect of hypercapnia on brain homotopy, achieved by breathing 5% carbon dioxide (CO2) gas mixture. A total of 14 healthy volunteers completed three resting state functional MRI (RS‐fMRI) scans, the first and third under normocapnia and the second under hypercapnia. VMHC measures were calculated as the correlation between the BOLD signal of each voxel and its counterpart in the opposite hemisphere. Group analysis was performed between the hypercapnic and normocapnic VMHC maps. VMHC showed a diffused decrease in response to hypercapnia. Significant regional decreases in VMHC were observed in all anatomical lobes, except for the occipital lobe, in the following functional hierarchical subdivisions: the primary sensory‐motor, unimodal, heteromodal, paralimbic, as well as in the following functional networks: ventral attention, somatomotor, default frontoparietal, and dorsal attention. Our observation that brain homotopy in RS‐fMRI is affected by arterial CO2 levels suggests that caution should be used when comparing RS‐fMRI data between healthy controls and patients with pulmonary diseases and unusual respiratory patterns such as sleep apnea or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3912–3921, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effects of study task on prestimulus subsequent memory effects in the hippocampus
Authors: de Chastelaine Marianne , Rugg Michael D. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to examine the effects of a study task manipulation on pre‐stimulus activity in the hippocampus predictive of later successful recollection. Eighteen young participants were scanned while making either animacy or syllable judgments on visually presented study words. Cues presented before each word denoted which judgment should be made. Following the study phase, a surprise recognition memory test was administered in which each test item had to be endorsed as “Remembered,” “Known,” or “New.” As expected, “deep” animacy judgments led to better memory for study items than did “shallow” syllable judgments. In both study tasks, pre‐stimulus subsequent recollection effects were evident in the interval between the cue and the study item in bilateral anterior hippocampus. However, the direction of the effects differed according to the study task: whereas pre‐stimulus hippocampal activity on animacy trials was greater for later recollected items than items judged old on the basis of familiarity (replicating prior findings), these effects reversed for syllable trials. We propose that the direction of pre‐stimulus hippocampal subsequent memory effects depends on whether an optimal pre‐stimulus task set facilitates study processing that is conducive or unconducive to the formation of contextually rich episodic memories. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neuroprotective effects of α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone against the neurotoxicity of 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium
Authors: Peng Tao , Wang Jingtao , Lu Jingjing , Lu Hong , Teng Junfang , Jia Yanjie 
Published: July 2015

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in humans. The hormone α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (α‐MSH) has been reported to be neuroprotective in previous studies. The aim of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effects of α‐MSH against the neurotoxicity of 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium (MPP+). Our results indicated that treatment with α‐MSH in M17 cells attenuated MPP+‐induced oxidative stress, embodied by exacerbated reactive oxygen species and protein carbonyls. In addition, we found that α‐MSH could improve mitochondrial function in M17 cells through increasing the level of adenosine triphosphate and mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, treatment with α‐MSH restored the reduction of cell viability and the induction of lactate dehydrogenase release induced by α‐MSH. Importantly, Hoechst staining results indicated that α‐MSH treatment significantly reduces the number of apoptotic cells after treatment with MPP+. Mechanically, we found that α‐MSH prevented apoptosis signals through reducing the level of cleaved caspase‐3 and attenuating cytochrome c release. All these data imply that α‐MSH produces a protective effect in PD. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 69(5):315–320, 2017
Remineralization of demineralized bone matrix in critical size cranial defects in rats: A 6‐month follow‐up study
Authors: Horváthy Dénes B. , Vácz Gabriella , Toró Ildikó , Szabó Tamás , May Zoltán , Duarte Miguel , Hornyák István , Szabó Bence T. , Dobó‐Nagy Csaba , Doros Attila , Lacza Zsombor 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThe key drawback of using demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is its low initial mechanical stability due to the severe depletion of mineral content. In the present study, we investigated the long‐term regeneration of DBM in a critical size bone defect model and investigated the remineralization after 6 months. Bone defects were created in the cranium of male Wistar rats which were filled with DBM or left empty as negative control. In vivo bone formation was monitored with computed tomography after 11, 19, and 26 weeks postoperatively. After 6 months, parietal bones were subjected to micro‐CT. Mineral content was determined with spectrophotometric analysis. After 11 weeks the DBM‐filled bone defects were completely closed, while empty defects were still open. Density of the DBM‐treated group increased significantly while the controls remained unchanged. Quantitative analysis by micro‐CT confirmed the in vivo results, bone volume/tissue volume was significantly lower in the controls than in the DBM group. The demineralization procedure depleted the key minerals of the bone to a very low level. Six months after implantation Ca, P, Na, Mg, Zn, and Cr contents were completely restored to the normal level, while K, Sr, and Mn were only partially restored. The remineralization process of DBM is largely complete by the 6th month after implantation in terms of bone density, structure, and key mineral levels. Although DBM does not provide sufficient sources for any of these minerals, it induces a faster and more complete regeneration process. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1336–1342, 2016.
Effects of NH3 PECVD treatment time on the performance of multiwall carbon nanotubes for antibody immobilization
Authors: Hu Chih‐Chung , Chiou Ai‐Huei , Hsu Chun‐Yao 
Published: July 2015

AbstractThis work presents an amino plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposition (NH3 PECVD) treatment to modify multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for the immobilization of antibodies (IgG‐gold), and the effects of treatment time were studied. A titanium nitride (TiN) buffer layer and a nickel catalyst layer were deposited on silicon substrates for synthesis of MWCNTs using thermal CVD. The MWCNTs were modified by amine (NH2−) or amino (NH−) functional groups for 1, 3, and 5 min by PECVD, respectively. Mouse IgG‐golds were immobilized on the modified MWCNTs using glutaraldehyde (GA) as a crosslinker. The performance of the modified MWCNTs was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), contact angle system (CA), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, ESCA), and UV–visible spectroscopy. Results show that the efficiency of IgG‐gold immobilization was increased with the increase of NH3 PECVD treatment time. The NH3 PECVD treatment changed the surface properties of the MWCNTs, tuning them more hydrophilic without affecting their structure. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1343–1351, 2016.
Steady‐state MRA techniques with a blood pool contrast agent improve visualization of pulmonary venous anatomy and left atrial patency compared with time‐resolved MRA pre‐ and postcatheter ablation in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Rustogi Rahul , Galizia Mauricio , Thakrar Darshit , Merritt Bryce , Bi Xiaoming , Collins Jeremy , Carr James C. 
Published: July 2015

PurposeTo compare steady‐state magnetic resonance angiography (SS‐MRA), using a blood pool contrast agent, with the established technique of time‐resolved MRA (TR‐MRA), in pulmonary vein mapping and left atrial patency.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐one patients (12 males, age 58.3 ± 8.4 years; 9 females; 57 ± 10 years) undergoing pulmonary vein mapping were evaluated with TR‐MRA (TWIST) and SS‐MRA. Orthogonal measurements and areas for four veins per patient per technique were assessed by Friedman's test.ResultsOverall intertechnique mean difference for any pulmonary vein orthogonal measurement and area was 0.02 ± 0.34 cm (P = 0.705), and 0.2 ± 0.08 cm2 (P < 0.001). Interobserver correlation was strong for diameter and area measurements using the three methods with a range of 0.72–0.94, and 0.87–0.97, respectively. Left atrial appendage image quality score for TR‐MRA was significantly lower than the other two methods (P < 0.001). Both observers detected more stenosis on inversion recovery (IR)‐True FISP compared to TR‐MRA and IR‐FLASH.ConclusionSS‐MRA with a blood pool agent compared favorably to the established technique of TR‐MRA for quantitative assessment of pulmonary venous anatomy. SS‐MRA offers greater spatial resolution than TR‐MRA with increased confidence for ruling out left atrial appendage filling defect. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:1305–1313.
Stimulation of angiogenesis by cilostazol accelerates fracture healing in mice
Authors: Herath Steven C. , Lion Thorsten , Klein Moritz , Stenger David , Scheuer Claudia , Holstein Jörg H. , Mörsdorf Philipp , Rollmann Mika F.R. , Pohlemann Tim , Menger Michael D. , Histing Tina 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTCilostazol, a selective phosphodiesterase‐3 inhibitor, is known to control cyclic adenosine monophosphate (c‐AMP) and to stimulate angiogenesis through upregulation of pro‐angiogenic factors. There is no information, however, whether cilostazol affects fracture healing. We, therefore, studied the effect of cilostazol on callus formation and biomechanics during fracture repair. Bone healing was analyzed in a murine femur fracture stabilized with an intramedullary screw. Radiological, biomechanical, histomorphometric, histochemical, and protein biochemical analyses were performed at 2 and 5 weeks after fracture. Twenty‐five mice received 30 mg/kg body weight cilostazol p.o. daily. Controls (n = 24) received equivalent amounts of vehicle. In cilostazol‐treated animals radiological analysis at 2 weeks showed an improved healing with an accelerated osseous bridging compared to controls. This was associated with a significantly higher amount of bony tissue and a smaller amount of cartilage tissue within the callus. Western blot analysis showed a higher expression of cysteine‐rich protein 61 (CYR61), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐4, and receptor activator of NF‐kappaB ligand (RANKL). At 5 weeks, improved fracture healing after cilostazol treatment was indicated by biomechanical analyses, demonstrating a significant higher bending stiffness compared to controls. Thus, cilostazol improves fracture healing by accelerating both bone formation and callus remodeling. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1880–1887, 2015.
Improvements in knee biomechanics during walking are associated with increased physical activity after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Arnold John B. , Mackintosh Shylie , Olds Timothy S. , Jones Sara , Thewlis Dominic 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) in people with knee osteoarthritis increases knee‐specific and general physical function, but it has not been established if there is a relationship between changes in these elements of functional ability. This study investigated changes and relationships between knee biomechanics during walking, physical activity, and use of time after TKA. Fifteen people awaiting TKA underwent 3D gait analysis before and six months after surgery. Physical activity and use of time were determined in free‐living conditions from a high resolution 24‐h activity recall. After surgery, participants displayed significant improvements in sagittal plane knee biomechanics and improved their physical activity profiles, standing for 105 more minutes (p = 0.001) and performing 64 min more inside chores on average per day (p = 0.008). Changes in sagittal plane knee range of motion (ROM) and peak knee flexion positively correlated with changes in total daily energy expenditure, time spent undertaking moderate to vigorous physical activity, inside chores and passive transport (r = 0.52–0.66,p = 0.005–0.047). Restoration of knee function occurs in parallel and is associated with improvements in physical activity and use of time after TKA. Increased functional knee ROM is required to support improvements in total and context specific physical activity. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1818–1825, 2015.
Effect of highly purified capsaicin on articular cartilage and rotator cuff tendon healing: An in vivo rabbit study
Authors: Friel Nicole A. , McNickle Allison G. , DeFranco Michael J. , Wang FanChia , Shewman Elizabeth F. , Verma Nikhil N. , Cole Brian J. , Bach Bernard R. , Chubinskaya Susan , Kramer Susan M. , Wang Vincent M. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTHighly purified capsaicin has emerged as a promising injectable compound capable of providing sustained pain relief following a single localized treatment during orthopedic surgical procedures. To further assess its reliability for clinical use, the potential effect of highly purified capsaicin on articular cartilage metabolism as well as tendon structure and function warrants clarification. In the current study, rabbits received unilateral supraspinatus transection and repair with a single 1 ml injection of capsaicin (R + C), PEG‐only placebo (R + P), or saline (R + S) into the glenohumeral joint (GHJ). An additional group received 1 ml capsaicin onto an intact rotator cuff (I + C). At 18 weeks post‐op, cartilage proteoglycan (PG) synthesis and content as well as cell viability were similar (p > 0.05) across treatment groups. Biomechanical testing revealed no differences (p > 0.05) among tendon repair treatment groups. Similarly, histologic features of both cartilage and repaired tendons showed minimal differences across groups. Hence, in this rabbit model, a single injection of highly purified capsaicin into the GHJ does not induce a deleterious response with regard to cartilage matrix metabolism and cell viability, or rotator cuff healing. These data provide further evidence supporting the use of injectable, highly purified capsaicin as a safe alternative for management of postoperative pain following GHJ surgery. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1854–1860, 2015.
Fluorescence‐guided surgery of human prostate cancer experimental bone metastasis in nude mice using anti‐CEA DyLight 650 for tumor illumination
Authors: Miwa Shinji , De Magalhães Nzola , Toneri Makoto , Zhang Yong , Cao Wenluo , Bouvet Michael , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki , Hoffman Robert M. 
Published: July 2015

ABSTRACTThe present report demonstrates efficacy of fluorescence‐guided surgery (FGS) to resect and prevent recurrence of experimental skeletal metastasis in a nude‐mouse model of human prostate cancer. Green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐expressing PC‐3 human prostate cancer cells were injected into the intramedullary cavity of the tibia in 25 nude mice. One week after implantation, monoclonal antibodies, specific for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), labeled with DyLight 650, were injected into the tail vein of 13 mice. Thirteen mice underwent FGS and 12 mice underwent bright‐light surgery (BLS). Weekly GFP fluorescence imaging of the mice was performed to observe tumor recurrence. The extent of residual tumor after BLS was 13‐fold greater than after FGS (p < 0.001). Time‐course imaging visualized rapid growth of the residual tumor in the BLS group, whereas the FGS group showed only slight tumor growth and significantly improved disease‐free survival of the treated mice. Our study demonstrated that FGS significantly reduced residual tumor as well as the recurrence of experimental prostate‐cancer bone metastasis. The present results suggest that FGS will be effective for resection of skeletal metastases in selected patients with prostate cancer. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:559–565, 2016.
Vitamin E reduces adipose tissue fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress and improves metabolic profile in obesity
Authors: Alcalá Martín , Sánchez‐Vera Isabel , Sevillano Julio , Herrero Laura , Serra Dolors , Ramos M. Pilar , Viana Marta 
Published: July 2015

ObjectiveTo test whether enhancing the capability of adipose tissue to store lipids using antioxidant supplementation may prevent the lipotoxic effects and improve the metabolic profile of long‐term obesity.MethodsC57BL/6J mice were randomized into three experimental groups for 28 weeks: control group (n = 10) fed chow diet (10% kcal from fat), obese group (O, n = 12) fed high‐fat (HF) diet (45% kcal from fat), and obese group fed HF diet and supplemented twice a week with 150 mg of α‐tocopherol (vitamin E) by oral gavage (OE, n = 12).ResultsHF diet resulted in an obese phenotype with a marked insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and hepatic steatosis in O mice. Histological analysis of obese visceral adipose tissue (VAT) revealed smaller adipocytes surrounded by a fibrotic extracellular matrix and an increased macrophage infiltration, with the consequent release of proinflammatory cytokines. Vitamin E supplementation decreased oxidative stress and reduced collagen deposition in the VAT of OE mice, allowing a further expansion of the adipocytes and increasing the storage capability. As a result, circulating cytokines were reduced and hepatic steasosis, hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin sensitivity were improved.ConclusionsOur results suggest that oxidative stress is implicated in extracellular matrix remodeling and may play an important role in metabolic regulation.
Robust H∞ control for stochastic time‐delayed Markovian switching systems under partly known transition rates and  actuator saturation via anti‐windup design
Authors: Qi Wenhai , Gao Xianwen 
Published: July 2015

SummaryThe paper deals with the problem of robust H∞ control for stochastic time‐delayed Markovian switching systems under partly known transition rates and actuator saturation via anti‐windup design. The problem we address is the design of anti‐windup compensators, which guarantee that the resulting closed‐loop system is robustly stochastically stable with H∞ performance. By employing local sector conditions and an appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii function, sufficient conditions for solving the problem are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, numerical examples are given to demonstrate the validity of the main results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dogomomo Xmas, Kwangwe's Races, and a Murder: W.E. Armstrong and the Rossel Island Money
Authors: Liep John 
Published: July 2015

AbstractW.E. Armstrong, British anthropologist, visited Rossel Island in 1921 and derived a theory regarding the islanders' monetary system, which attracted much debate at the time. However, his analysis was ultimately shown to be a misunderstanding of the situation. In this examination of Armstrong's field notes, I show how the linguistic difficulties he worked under, together with the complexity of the monetary exchange and the short term of his fieldwork, combined to lead him astray.