bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin on mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ramachandram Dinesh Sangarran , Kow Chia Siang , Hasan Syed Shahzad , Thiruchelvam Kaeshaelya 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsWe performed a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to summarize the overall effect of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) on mortality outcomes among hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients.MethodsWe systematically searched electronic databases up to June 1, 2023. Pooled odds ratio (OR) of mortality with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was generated using a random‐effects model. The risk of bias was appraised using the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias Version 2 tool for randomized trials.ResultsNine RCTs were included: three RCTs had an overall low risk of bias, four RCTs had some concerns in the overall risk of bias, and two RCTs trials had an overall high risk of bias. The use of IVIG indicated a significant reduction in the odds of mortality (pooled OR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.50–0.96) relative to nonuse of IVIG. Subgroup analysis in patients with a severe course of COVID‐19 revealed no significant reduction in the odds of mortality (pooled OR = 0.58; 95% CI 0.29–1.16).ConclusionsWe suggest exercising caution when interpreting effectiveness of IVIG in reducing mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID‐19. Our findings emphasize for larger trials with rigorous study designs to better understand the impact of IVIG, particularly in those with severe COVID‐19.
The relationship between parental anxiety, fear of Covid‐19, partner involvement in children's care and sleep quality during the Covid‐19 pandemic in Italy
Authors: Ragni Benedetta , Paoletti Daniela , De Stasio Simona 
Published: July 2024

AbstractDuring the Covid‐19 pandemic new stressors were added to the usual challenges parents face, changing habits and reduced physical activity, all factors that negatively affect sleep quality in adults and children. This study examines (1) possible changes in the sleep‐wake patterns of parents and children before and after the March–May 2020 lockdown and during the new restrictions imposed by the Italian government in March 2021; (2) possible associations between children and parents' sleep quality reported by parents and intrinsic and extrinsic factors. A total of 264 Italian parents with children aged 1–6 years (M = 40 months, SD = 18.18) completed self‐report questionnaires. Children's sleep habits changed, and parental insomnia symptoms worsened after the March–May 2020 lockdown, while children's insomnia symptoms decreased. Positive associations between children's negative affectivity and insomnia symptoms emerged, as well as between generalized parental anxiety and parental insomnia symptoms and between parental fear of Covid‐19 and sleep‐related habits not in line with paediatric recommendations. Partner's involvement in children's care promoted good sleep habits. Results identified risks and protective factors that could impact Italian parents' and children's sleep during the second wave of the Covid‐19 pandemic, raising awareness among families, education practitioners, healthcare providers and the general public.Highlights
Italian children's sleep habits changed, and parental insomnia symptoms worsened after the March–May 2020 lockdown, while children's insomnia symptoms decreased.
During the second wave of the Covid‐19 pandemic, higher levels of children's temperamental negative affectivity were associated with higher levels of parental and children's insomnia, higher levels of parental anxiety, and the presence of children's sleep‐related habits not in line with pediatric recommendations.
Partner's involvement in children's care promoted good and healthy children's sleep habits.
Latent profiles of infant negative affect and respiratory sinus arrhythmia during the still‐face paradigm: The role of maternal sensitivity
Authors: Girod Savannah , Leerkes Esther , Chen Yu , Buehler Cheryl , Shriver Lenka , Wideman Laurie 
Published: July 2024

AbstractWe examined if there were profiles of infants' behavioural and physiological responses during the still‐face and if these profiles were predicted by maternal sensitivity. Participants included 230 mothers (40.4% non‐white) and their 2‐month‐old infants (48.7% female). Three profiles were identified: continually increasing negative affect and decreasing respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) (17.39%); modest, classic still‐face effect for negative affect and RSA (64.35%); high negative affect, late decreasing RSA (18.26%). Infants of highly sensitive mothers were more likely to be in the modest, classic still‐face effect for negative affect and RSA profile than in the continually increasing negative affect and decreasing RSA and the high negative affect, late decreasing RSA profiles. Additionally, infants of mothers who were high in maternal sensitivity were more likely to be in the continually increasing negative affect and decreasing RSA profile compared to the high negative affect, late decreasing RSA profile. The findings demonstrate heterogeneity in infant responses and that maternal sensitivity is an important predictor of children's behavioural and physiological responses to stressors.
Barriers to access to holistic care for women victims of sexual violence in the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo: A brief report
Authors: Nyakio Olivier , Oduoye Malik Olatunde , Bhattacharjee Priyadarshini , Biamba Chrispin , Bandyopadhyay Soham , Hangi Samson , Masimango Gaston , Onanga Antoine Osongo , Bulondo Daniel , Akilimali Aymar 
Published: July 2024

SynopsisSexual violence against women is a human rights violation and a major and serious problem for women's health.
A case of adrenal cavernous hemangioma resected due to tumor growth accompanied by intratumoral hemorrhage
Authors: Ueda Takayuki , Yanagi Masato , Kusakabe Takashi , Shigihara Takeshi , Shibasaki Mikio , Nagasawa Masato , Hamasaki Tsutomu , Kondo Yukihiro 
Published: July 2024

IntroductionWe describe a case of an adrenal cavernous hemangioma that was surgically resected because of tumor growth and intratumoral hemorrhage.Case presentationA 73‐year‐old woman presented with an enlarged adrenal tumor and intratumoral hemorrhage during the follow‐up of an incidental adrenal tumor. A computed tomography showed that the left adrenal tumor had grown from 23 to 44 mm over 1 year. Blood tests revealed a normal metabolic profile. Paragangliomas and metastatic tumors were suspected on imaging. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed to prevent tumor rupture due to further bleeding. No adhesions or bleeding were observed around the tumor during surgery. Pathological diagnosis was adrenal cavernous hemangioma.ConclusionAdrenal cavernous hemangioma is difficult to distinguish preoperatively from other adrenal tumors, including malignant tumors. The intraoperative findings of this case suggest that laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a safe treatment option for relatively small adrenal cavernous hemangioma.
An integrated historical study on human–tiger interactions in China
Authors: Cao Zhihong , Li Yu , Zafar Saud uz , Wang Yi , Nie Chuanping 
Published: July 2024

AbstractTigers (Panthera tigris), as apex predators, play a crucial role in maintaining ecological functions within their ecosystems. Human–wildlife conflicts, particularly human–tiger conflicts (HTCs), have been a prevalent and severe issue in tiger‐range countries from ancient times to the present day, with various regional characteristics. This article discusses human–tiger interactions in China, including different types of HTCs throughout history and the various measures implemented to promote human–tiger coexistence. Employing a historiographic approach, this study is based on case studies. It relies on historical documentation as its primary source, using methods such as literature analysis, digital humanities techniques, and field investigations. The results reveal various forms of direct negative human–tiger interactions, ranging from mild to intense HTCs, as well as other interactions such as tiger trade, medicinal use of tiger parts, and tiger habitat loss and fragmentation due to deforestation and urbanization, all of which have led to reductions in tiger populations. Meanwhile, the study also identifies different conceptions and measures for human–tiger coexistence amidst conflicts, including animal protection and tiger worship in China's history, and modern conservation efforts such as the inclusion of tigers on protection lists, bans on tiger medicine and trade, and the establishment of nature reserves and national parks to protect tiger habitats.
Relationship between amide ratio assessed by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy: A biomarker candidate for polycythemia vera disease
Authors: Guleken Zozan , Aday Aynur , Bayrak Ayşe Gül , Hindilerden İpek Yönal , Nalçacı Meliha , Cebulski Jozef , Depciuch Joanna 
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe study utilized Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics to investigate protein composition and structural changes in the blood serum of patients with polycythemia vera (PV). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed distinct biochemical properties, highlighting elevated absorbance of phospholipids, amides, and lipids in PV patients compared to healthy controls. Ratios of amide I/amide II and amide I/amide III indicated alterations in protein structures. Support vector machine analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves identified amide I as a crucial predictor of PV, achieving 100% accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, while amide III showed a lower predictive value (70%). PCA analysis demonstrated effective differentiation between PV patients and controls, with key wavenumbers including amide II, amide I, and CH lipid vibrations. These findings underscore the potential of FTIR spectroscopy for diagnosing and monitoring PV.
The psychology of collective consciousness
Authors: Shteynberg Garriy 
Published: July 2024

AbstractCollective consciousness is “baked into” the architecture of the human mind—it is at the foundation of a uniquely human psychology, wherein homo sapiens have the intent and the capacity to cooperate with beings that are living and dead, human and otherwise. I discuss the psychological contours of collective consciousness and its effects on human cognition, affect, motivation, and behavior. Integrating across three major theoretical papers and dozens of empirical papers, I argue that the psychological structure and function of collective consciousness are intertwined; the former giving rise to the latter. I also discuss two varieties of collective consciousness—collective reality and collective psychology—that enable individual and group success in human society. I will end by describing how the psychology of collective consciousness can enhance our understanding of mutual trust and cooperation.
A cross‐sectional assessment of injection of “salts” and HIV transmission‐related behaviours among a cohort of people who inject drugs in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Kennedy Rebecca , Bouck Zachary , Werb Dan , Kurmanalieva Ainura , Blyum Anna , Shumskaya Natalya , Patterson Thomas L. , Cepeda Javier A. , Smith Laramie R. 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionDespite the increasing availability of new psychoactive substances (hereafter referred to as “salts”) in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, there is a dearth of epidemiological data on the relationship between injecting “salts” and HIV risk behaviours. This is particularly relevant in settings where injection drug use accounts for a substantial proportion of the HIV burden, such as in Kyrgyzstan, a former Soviet Republic. This study assessed whether injecting “salts” is associated with sexual and injection‐related HIV risk behaviours among people who inject drugs in Kyrgyzstan.MethodsThe Kyrgyzstan InterSectional Stigma Study is a cohort of people who inject drugs in Kyrgyzstan's capital of Bishkek and the surrounding rural administrative division of Chuy Oblast. We conducted a cross‐sectional analysis using survey data collected from cohort participants between July and November 2021, which included information on injection drug use (including “salts”) and HIV risk behaviours. To minimize confounding by measured covariates, we used inverse‐probability‐weighted logistic and Poisson regression models to estimate associations between recent “salt” injection and HIV risk behaviours.ResultsOf 181 participants included in the analysis (80.7% men, 19.3% women), the mean age was 40.1 years (standard deviation [SD] = 8.8), and 22% (n = 39) reported that they had injected “salts” in the past 6 months. Among people who injected “salts,” 72% (n = 28) were men, and most were ethnically Russian 59% (n = 23), with a mean age of 34.6 (SD = 9.6). Injecting “salts” was significantly associated with a greater number of injections per day (adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 1.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30−1.95) but lower odds of using syringe service programmes in the past 6 months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.12−0.32). Injecting “salts” was also significantly associated with lower odds of condomless sex in the past 6 months (aOR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.24−0.76) and greater odds of having ever heard of pre‐exposure prophylaxis (aOR = 4.80, 95% CI = 2.61−8.83).Conclusions(PWID) people who inject drugs who inject “salts” are a potentially emergent group with increased HIV acquisition risk in Kyrgyzstan. Targeted outreach bundled with comprehensive harm reduction and pre‐exposure prophylaxis services are needed to prevent transmission of HIV and other blood‐borne viruses.
Blood pressure increases are associated with weight gain and not antiretroviral regimen or kidney function: a secondary analysis from the ADVANCE trial in South Africa
Authors: Manne‐Goehler Jennifer , Fabian June , Sokhela Simiso , Akpomiemie Godspower , Rahim Nicholas , Lalla‐Edward Samanta Tresha , Brennan Alana T. , Siedner Mark J. , Hill Andrew , Venter Willem Daniel Francois 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIntroductionRecent evidence has raised questions about whether newer HIV treatment regimens, including dolutegravir (DTG) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), are associated with increases in blood pressure (BP).MethodsWe assessed changes in BP by treatment regimen and evaluated the relative contribution of kidney function and weight gain to these changes among participants in the ADVANCE phase‐3 trial clinical trial in South Africa (study dates: January 2017–February 2022). Our primary outcome of interest was a change in systolic BP (SBP) at 96 and 192 weeks, among those not receiving antihypertensive medication. The secondary outcome was treatment‐emergent hypertension at these same time points, defined as BP ≥140/90 mmHg on two occasions, or initiation of antihypertensive medication after week 4 among individuals without hypertension at enrolment. We used linear regression to evaluate the relationship between change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and change in SBP; and Poisson regression to evaluate the relationship between change in eGFR and treatment‐emergent hypertension at each time point. All models were adjusted for age, sex, treatment group and change in body mass index (BMI).ResultsOver 96 weeks, the average changes in SBP were 1.7 mmHg (95% CI: 0.0−3.4), −0.5 mmHg (95% CI: −2.2 to 1.7) and −2.1 mmHg (95% CI: −3.8 to 0.4) in the TAF/emtricitabine (FTC)/DTG, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/FTC/DTG and TDF/FTC/efavirenz (EFV) groups, respectively. This difference was significant for the TAF/FTC/DTG compared to the TDF/FTC/EFV group (p = 0.002). Over 96 weeks, 18.2% (95% CI: 13.4–22.9), 15.4% (95% CI: 11.0–19.9) and 13.3% (95% CI: 8.9–17.6) of participants developed treatment‐emergent hypertension, respectively. In adjusted models, there was no significant relationship between change in eGFR and either outcome. Change in BMI was significantly associated with an increase in SBP, while age was associated with an increased risk of treatment‐emergent hypertension. Adjustment for BMI also mitigated the unadjusted relationship between HIV treatment regimen and SBP where present.ConclusionsIn the ADVANCE cohort, weight gain and age accounted for increases in BP and risk of treatment‐emergent hypertension. HIV treatment programmes may need to integrate the management of obesity and hypertension into routine care.Clinical Trial NumberNCT03122262
From the kitchen to the medicine cabinet: Examples of functional herbs and spices
Authors: Gura Kathleen , Duro Debora , Pai Nikhil , Sandell Angela , Sankararaman Senthilkumar , Quiros‐Tejeira Rubén , Herdes Rachel , Deas Jessica , Wang Linda 
Published: July 2024

AbstractIn many cultures, “food as medicine” has existed for centuries as the foundation of health. It is a practice built on the knowledge that food and diet play important roles in disease prevention and management. Foods possessing therapeutic properties are often referred to as functional foods. Many herbs and spices contain numerous nutritional and non‐nutritional components that can interact with pharmacologically relevant receptors, either directly or indirectly via their metabolites, to regulate cellular biochemical processes. Although opinions are changing, the concept of food as a therapeutic intervention goes against conventional Western medicine. To provide guidance to clinicians interested in using these products, members of the Food as Medicine working group of the Nutrition Committee NASPGHAN, as part of a two‐part review series, have identified frequently used foods, supplements, herbs, and spices that are utilized for therapeutic intent and have created summaries of commonly used indications, doses, and caveats. In this review, the focus is the use of select herbs and spices for medicinal purposes. Gaps in our knowledge in how to effectively use these agents in pediatric patients are discussed. Evidence supporting their use for management of gastrointestinal conditions, especially in the pediatric population, is provided when available. Circumstances in clinical settings and patient indications may require actions different from those recommended in this review and professional judgment should prevail.
Transcriptomic analysis of the antibacterial mechanism of ε‐polylysine‐functionalized magnetic composites against Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris and its application in apple juice
Authors: Jia Hang , Cai Rui , Yue Tianli , Xie Yanli 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlicyclobacillus acidoterrestris is a common microorganism in fruit juice. It can produce off‐odor metabolites and has been considered to be an important factor in juice contamination. Thus, the development of new strategy for the control of A. acidoterrestris has important practical significance. The primary objective of this work was to assess the antibacterial performance of ε‐polylysine‐functionalized magnetic composites (Fe3O4@MoS2@PAA‐EPL) in apple juice and its effect on juice quality. Moreover, the molecular mechanism of Fe3O4@MoS2@PAA‐EPL against A. acidoterrestris was explored by RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq).RESULTSExperimental results indicated that the synthesized composites possessed the ability to inhibit the viability of A. acidoterrestris vegetative cells and spores. Besides, investigation on the quality of apple juice incubated with Fe3O4@MoS2@PAA‐EPL implied that the fabricated composites displayed negligible adverse effects on juice quality. In addition, the results of RNA‐Seq demonstrated that 833 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in Fe3O4@MoS2@PAA‐EPL‐treated A. acidoterrestris, which were associated with translation, energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, membrane transport and cell integrity.CONCLUSIONThese results suggested that the treatment of Fe3O4@MoS2@PAA‐EPL disrupted energy metabolism, repressed cell wall synthesis and caused membrane transport disorder of bacterial cells. This work provides novel insights into the molecular antibacterial mechanism for ε‐polylysine‐functionalized magnetic composites against A. acidoterrestris. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Folic acid in carboxymethylcellulose/polyethylene oxide electrospun nanofibers: preparation, release and stability
Authors: Zavala‐Castillo Karen A , Flores‐Ramírez Nelly , Vásquez‐García Salomón R , Martínez‐Flores Héctor E , Fernández‐Quiroz Daniel 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFolic acid (FA), a synthetically produced compound analogous to vitamin B9, also referred to as vitamin folate, is an essential compound in human health and faces challenges in stability during food processing. This study explores the incorporation of FA into carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) nanofibers using electrospinning to enhance its stability.RESULTSIn this study, optimization of both electrospinning and solution parameters facilitated the fabrication of nanofibers. Furthermore, incorporating FA into CMC/polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanofibers resulted in thinner fibers, with an average diameter of 88 nm, characterized by a flat shape and smooth surface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis demonstrated substantial hydrogen bonding interactions between FA and the polar groups present in CMC. This interaction contributed to an encapsulation efficiency of 94.5%, with a yield exceeding 87%. Thermal analysis highlighted mutual interference between CMC and PEO, with FA enhancing the thermal stability and reducing the melting temperatures and enthalpies of PEO, while also increasing the reaction heats of CMC. The encapsulated FA remained stable in acidic conditions, with only 6% degradation over 30 days, demonstrating the efficacy of CMC/PEO nanofibers in safeguarding FA against acidic environments. Moreover, the nanofibers provided a protective barrier against UV radiation, thereby preserving the stability of FA.CONCLUSIONThis study emphasizes the efficacy of CMC/PEO nanofibers as a protective matrix against FA degradation. The findings indicate that this innovative approach could significantly diversify the applications of FA in food fortification, addressing concerns regarding its vulnerability to temperature and hydrolysis reactions during food processing. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effect of GABA combined with ultrasound stress germination treatment on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of highland barley
Authors: Liu Yanan , Wu Yingying , Jia Yuanqiang , Ren Feiyue , Zhou Sumei 
Published: July 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study investigated the effects of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) combined with ultrasonic stress germination (AUG) treatment on the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of highland barley (HB). Key variables, including germination times (ranging from 0 to 96 h), ultrasonic power (200–500 W), and GABA concentration (5–20 mmol/L), were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to enhance the enrichment of phenolic compounds. Furthermore, the study assessed the content, composition, and antioxidant activities of phenolic compounds in HB under various treatment conditions such as germination alone (G), ultrasonic stress germination (UG), and AUG treatment.RESULTSThe study identified optimal conditions for the phenolic enrichment of HB, which included a germination time of 60 h, an ultrasound power of 300 W, and a GABA concentration of 15 mmol L−1. Under these conditions, the total phenolic content (TPC) in HB was measured at 7.73 milligrams of gallic acid equivalents per gram dry weight (mg GAE/g DW), representing a 34.96% enhancement compared to untreated HB. Notably, all treatment modalities – G, UG, and AUG – significantly increased the phenolic content and antioxidant activity in HB, with the AUG treatment proving to be the most effective.CONCLUSIONThese obtained results suggest that AUG treatment is a promising processing method for enriching phenolic compounds and improving antioxidant activity in HB. Subsequently, the AUG‐treated HB can be used to develop phenolic‐rich germinated functional foods to further broaden the application of HB. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.