bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of working memory, processing speed, and psychosocial functions in patients with pediatric cancer
Authors: Schuerch Kirstin , Salzmann Saskia , Steiner Leonie , Lidzba Karen , Klein Andrea , Roessler Jochen , Everts Regula 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Many patients after pediatric cancer suffer from long-term cognitive difficulties. This study investigates the development of cognitive and psychosocial functions between diagnosis and one year after cancer treatment and reveals insight into the association between cognitive and psychosocial development and various risk factors. This retrospective clinical record review included fifty-seven patients, aged 4–16 years, that were examined at the beginning of the cancer treatment (T1) and one year after cancer treatment (T2) to evaluate the development of working memory (WM), processing speed (PS), psychosocial functions, and quality of life (QoL). About half of the patients showed stable/favorable cognitive development (PS 51.9%; WM 41.4%). The other half exhibited a non-favorable cognitive development, with a decrease of performance between T1 and T2. In 51.6–77.4%, psychosocial functions remained stable/increased between T1 and T2 and QoL scores remained stable in 42.9–61.9%. Changes in prosocial behavior correlated with the development of PS (r = 0.472, p = 0.010). Age at T1 predicted PS at T2 (p = 0.020) and sex predicted peer relations at T2 (p = 0.046). About half of the patients showed stable/favorable whereas the other half experiencing non-favorable cognitive development. The observed disparities in initial and subsequent cognitive performances highlight the importance of early individualized patient monitoring and interventions.

Impact

We investigated the cognitive and psychosocial development of pediatric cancer patients between diagnosis and one year after termination of cancer treatment.

About half of the patients showed stable or favorable cognitive development in processing speed and working memory.

The other half exhibited a non-favorable cognitive development, with decreasing performance.

Baseline working memory and processing speed was negatively correlated with the respective change score.

Changes in prosocial behavior were positively correlated with the development of processing speed.

Early individualized patient monitoring and intervention is of crucial importance after pediatric cancer and its treatment.
An integrated dataset of near-surface Eulerian fields and Lagrangian trajectories from an ocean model
Authors: Elipot Shane , Faigle Eli , Arbic Brian K. , Shriver Jay F. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractA dataset consisting of numerically simulated oceanic velocities and sea surface height changes, provided conjointly from Eulerian and Lagrangian points of view, is made available as cloud-optimized archives on a cloud storage platform for unrestricted access. The Eulerian component of the dataset comprises oceanic velocity components at 0 m and 15 m depth, as well as total and steric sea surface height changes, obtained at hourly time steps for one year, with an approximate horizontal resolution of 1/25 degree on an irregular global geographical spatial grid, from the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model. The Lagrangian component of the dataset comprises the trajectories of particles advected in the Eulerian velocity field of the model. The particles were advected forward and backward for 30 days from a regular 1/4 degree grid in order to achieve 60-day long trajectories at 0 m and 15 m depths, with start times separated by 30 days, in 11 releases. This integrated dataset may help to link Eulerian and Lagrangian observational perspectives.
A revised digital edition of Wurm & Hattori’s Language Atlas of the Pacific Area
Authors: Forkel Robert , Hammarström Harald 
Published: August 2024

AbstractWurm & Hattori’s Language Atlas of the Pacific Area describes the geographic speaker areas of the languages and language varieties spoken in the Pacific. Thanks to the efforts of the Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative, this monumental piece of work has been available in digital form for over 15 years. But lacking proper identification of language varieties, this digitized data was largely unusable for today’s research methods. We turned ECAI’s digitized artefacts of the Language Atlas into an open, reusable geo-referenced dataset of speaker area polygons for a quarter of the world’s languages. This allows for much more refined analysis methods to, for example, analyse language contact in the area of the world with the highest linguistic diversity. We also describe a number of tool applications and quality checks which may be useful for methodological development in similar digitization efforts.
The epidemiology of lung cancer in Hungary based on the characteristics of patients diagnosed in 2018
Authors: Kenessey István , Parrag Petra , Dobozi Mária , Szatmári István , Wéber András , Nagy Péter , Polgár Csaba 
Published: August 2024

AbstractAmong malignant diseases, lung cancer has one of the highest mortality and incidence. Most epidemiological studies conclude that Hungary faces the most severe burden in association with this disease. However, for various reasons estimates and population-based studies show discrepancies. In this study, an intense data cleansing was performed on lung cancer cases that were reported to the Hungarian National Cancer Registry in 2018, and the major clinico-pathological parameters as well as survival characteristics were described. Our population-based figures were compared to the European estimates. As a result of our thorough revision, the corrected incidence of lung cancer has fallen below the number of cases that were reported to the Registry from 11,746 to 9,519. We also demonstrate that Hungary did not show the highest incidence and mortality in Europe, but it is still among the ones with the worst raking countries, with 92.9 and 50.6 age standardized rate per 100 thousand capita among males and females, respectively. Analysis of the annually reported case numbers revealed a gender-specific difference in incidence trends: while from 2001 to 2019 it slightly decreased among males, it increased among females. The most dominant subtype was adenocarcinoma, which was more frequent among female patients. Unfortunately, most of the newly diagnosed cases were in advanced stage; thus, 5 year overall survival was 14.8%. We anticipate that in the longer term, a decrease in incidence and improvement in survival rates may be expected as a result of the development of primary and secondary prevention programs in the country.
Anhedonia severity mediates the relationship between attentional networks recruitment and emotional blunting during music listening
Authors: Cahart Marie-Stephanie , Giampietro Vincent , Naysmith Laura , Muraz Mathilde , Zelaya Fernando , Williams Steven C. R. , O’Daly Owen 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEmotion studies have commonly reported impaired emotional processing in individuals with heightened anhedonic depressive symptoms, as typically measured by collecting single subjective ratings for a given emotional cue. However, the interindividual variation in moment-to-moment emotional reactivity, and associated time-varying brain networks recruitment as emotions are unfolding, remains unclear. In this study, we filled this gap by using the unique temporal characteristics of music to investigate behavioural and brain network dynamics as a function of anhedonic depressive symptoms severity. Thirty-one neurotypical participants aged 18–30 years completed anhedonic depression questionnaires and then continuously rated happy, neutral and sad pieces of music whilst undergoing MRI scanning. Using a unique combination of dynamic approaches to behavioural (i.e., emotion dynamics) and fMRI (i.e., leading eigenvector dynamics analysis; LEiDA) data analysis, we found that participants higher in anhedonic depressive symptoms exhibited increased recruitment of attentional networks and blunted emotional response to both happy and sad musical excerpts. Anhedonic depression mediated the relationship between attentional networks recruitment and emotional blunting, and the elevated recruitment of attentional networks during emotional pieces of music carried over into subsequent neutral music. Future studies are needed to investigate whether these findings could be generalised to a clinical population (i.e., major depressive disorder).
Human genomic DNA is widely interspersed with i-motif structures
Authors: Peña Martinez Cristian David , Zeraati Mahdi , Rouet Romain , Mazigi Ohan , Henry Jake Y , Gloss Brian , Kretzmann Jessica A , Evans Cameron W , Ruggiero Emanuela , Zanin Irene , Marušič Maja , Plavec Janez , Richter Sara N , Bryan Tracy M , Smith Nicole M , Dinger Marcel E , Kummerfeld Sarah , Christ Daniel 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDNA i-motif structures are formed in the nuclei of human cells and are believed to provide critical genomic regulation. While the existence, abundance, and distribution of i-motif structures in human cells has been demonstrated and studied by immunofluorescent staining, and more recently NMR and CUT&Tag, the abundance and distribution of such structures in human genomic DNA have remained unclear. Here we utilise high-affinity i-motif immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing to map i-motifs in the purified genomic DNA of human MCF7, U2OS and HEK293T cells. Validated by biolayer interferometry and circular dichroism spectroscopy, our approach aimed to identify DNA sequences capable of i-motif formation on a genome-wide scale, revealing that such sequences are widely distributed throughout the human genome and are common in genes upregulated in G0/G1 cell cycle phases. Our findings provide experimental evidence for the widespread formation of i-motif structures in human genomic DNA and a foundational resource for future studies of their genomic, structural, and molecular roles.
The curious case of 2MASS J15594729+4403595, an ultra-fast M2 dwarf with possible Rieger cycles
Authors: Messina S. , Catanzaro G. , Lanza A. F. , Gandolfi D. , Serrano M. M. , Deeg H. J. , García-Alvarez D. 
Published: August 2024

Context. RACE-OC (Rotation and ACtivity Evolution in Open Clusters) is a project aimed at characterising the rotational and magnetic activity properties of the late-type members of open clusters, stellar associations, and moving groups of different ages. The evolution in time of rotation and activity at different masses sheds light on the evolution of the stellar internal structure, on magneto-hydrodynamic processes operating in the stellar interior, and on the coupling and decoupling mechanisms between the radiative core and the external convective envelope. As part of this project, in the present paper we present the results of an investigation of a likely member of the AB Doradus association, the M-type star 2MASS J15594729+4403595.
Aims. In the present study, we aim to reveal the real nature of our target, which turned out to be a hierarchical triple system, to derive the stellar rotation period and surface differential rotation, and to characterise its photospheric magnetic activity.
Methods. We have collected radial velocity and photometric time series, complemented with archive data, to determine the orbital parameters and the rotation period and we have used the spot modelling technique to explore what causes its photometric variability.
Results. We found 2MASS J15594729+4403595 to be a hierarchical triple system consisting of a dwarf, SB1 M2, and a companion, M8. The M2 star has a rotation period of P = 0.37 d, making it the fastest among M-type members of AB Dor. The most relevant result is the detection of a periodic variation in the spotted area on opposite stellar hemispheres, which resembles a sort of Rossby wave or Rieger-like cycles on an extremely short timescale. Another interesting result is the occurrence of a highly significant photometric periodicity, P = 0.443 d, which may be related to the stellar rotation in terms of either a Rossby wave or surface differential rotation.
Conclusions. 2MASS J15594729+4403595 may be the prototype of a new class of extremely fast rotating stars exibiting short Rieger-like cycles. We shall further explore what may drive these short-duration cycles and we shall also search for similar stars to allow for a statistical analysis.
New supernova remnant candidates in the LOFAR Two Metre Sky Survey
Authors: Tsalapatas K. , Arias M. , Shimwell T. , Rajwade K. , Hardcastle M. J. , Drabent A. 
Published: August 2024

Context. In spite of their key role in galaxy evolution and several decades of observational efforts, the census of supernova remnants (SNRs) in our Galaxy remains incomplete. Theoretical predictions based on the local supernova rate estimate the expected number of SNRs in the Galaxy to be ≳1000. By contrast, the number of detected SNRs amounts to about 300. High-resolution, wide-area radio surveys at low frequencies are ideal tools with which to find missing SNRs, given the prominence of these sources at low radio frequencies.
Aims. We aim to find missing SNRs using proprietary data from the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) at 144 MHz.
Methods. We used LoTSS total intensity maps of two Galactic regions, one with 39° < l < 66° and |b| < 2.5°, and the other with 145° < l < 150° and |b| < 3°, in addition to mid-infrared (MIR) data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) all-sky survey to search for SNR candidates.
Results. We report the discovery of 14 new SNR candidates selected on the basis of their morphology at 144 MHz and a lack of MIR emission. We also follow up on 24 previously reported SNR candidates, inferring their spectral index between the LoTSS frequency (144 MHz) and the frequency at which they were reported. We confirm that 6 of these 24 sources have a non-thermal spectral index, whereas another 4 have a thermal index and are thus rejected as SNR candidates; our study is inconclusive regarding the remaining 14 sources. The majority of the new SNR candidates are small in angular size (<20’) and have low surface brightness at 1 GHz (≲10−21 W m−2 Hz−1 sr−1). Additionally, most of them are located in a Galactic region with 39° < l < 60° and |b| < 2.5°.
Conclusions. The high resolution and sensitivity of LoTSS observations has resulted in the detection of 14 new SNR candidates. In order to unambiguously confirm the SNR nature of these candidates, follow-up X-ray observations are required with facilities such as eROSITA.
Varying water activity and momentum transfer on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from its non-gravitational forces and torques
Authors: Attree N. , Gutiérrez P. , Groussin O. , Bürger J. , Keller H. U. , Kramer T. , Lasagni Manghi R. , Läuter M. , Lemos P. , Markkanen J. , Marschall R. , Schuckart C. 
Published: August 2024

Aims. We investigate the ability of a simultaneous fitting of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko’s non-gravitational forces, torques, and total water-outgassing rate, as observed by Rosetta, to constrain complex thermophysical models of cometary material.
Methods. We extend the previous work of fitting geographically defined surface outgassing models to the Rosetta observations by testing the effects of a more detailed geomorphological mapping, the resolution of the shape-model used, self-heating by neighbouring facets on the shape-model, thermal inertia in the outgassing solution, and the variation in the momentum coupling between the gas and the nucleus. We also directly compare the non-gravitational acceleration curves available in the literature.
Results. We correct an error in the calculation of pole-orientation in the previous paper. We find that, under the assumptions of the model, non-gravitational forces and torques are driven by water sublimation from the nucleus, thermal inertia and self-heating have only minor effects, spatially uniform activity cannot explain 67P’s non-gravitational dynamics, spatially uniform momentum transfer cannot explain 67P’s non-gravitational dynamics, and different terrain types have different instantaneous responses to insolation.
Conclusions. Consolidated terrain facing south on 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko has a high outgassing flux, a steep response to insolation, and a large gas momentum transfer coefficient. Instead, that facing north behaves differently, producing little to no water outgassing, and with a lower momentum transfer efficiency. Dusty terrain also has a lower outgassing rate and momentum transfer efficiency, and either depletes its volatile component or is buried in fall-back as the comet approaches the Sun. Momentum transfer appears correlated with insolation, likely due to an increased enhancement in the gas temperature as the dust it flows through is heated.
VEGAS-SSS: Tracing globular cluster populations in the interacting NGC 3640 galaxy group
Authors: Mirabile Marco , Cantiello Michele , Lonare Pratik , Ragusa Rossella , Paolillo Maurizio , Hazra Nandini , La Marca Antonio , Iodice Enrichetta , Spavone Marilena , Mieske Steffen , Rejkuba Marina , Hilker Michael , Riccio Gabriele , Habas Rebecca A. , Brocato Enzo , Schipani Pietro , Grado Aniello , Limatola Luca 
Published: August 2024

Context. Globular clusters (GCs) are among the oldest stellar systems in the universe. As such, GC populations are valuable fossil tracers of galaxy formation and interaction history. This paper is part of the VEGAS-SSS series, which focuses on studying the properties of small stellar systems (SSSs) in and around bright galaxies.
Aims. We used the multiband wide-field images obtained with the VST to study the properties of the GC population in an interacting pair of galaxies.
Methods. We derived ugri photometry over 1.5 × 1.5 sq. degrees centered on the galaxy group composed of two elliptical galaxies: NGC 3640 and its fainter companion NGC 3641. We studied the GC system properties from both the ugri and gri matched catalogs. GC candidates were identified based on a combination of photometric properties (colors and magnitudes) and morphometric criteria (concentration index, elongation, FWHM, etc.), using sources with well-defined classifications from spectroscopic or imaging data available in the literature and numerical simulations as references. The selection criteria were also applied to empty fields to determine a statistical background correction for the number of identified GC candidates.
Results. The 2D density maps of GCs appear to align with the diffuse light patches resulting from the merging events of the galaxies. The highest density peak of GCs is observed to be on NGC 3641 rather than NGC 3640, despite the latter being the more massive galaxy. The azimuthal averaged radial density profiles in both galaxies reveal that the GC population extends beyond the galaxy light profile and this indicates the likely presence of an intra-group GC component. A color bimodality in (u − r) and (g − i) is observed for NGC 3641, whereas NGC 3640 shows a broad unimodal distribution. Analysis of the GC luminosity function indicates that both galaxies are roughly located at the same distance (∼27 Mpc). We provide an estimate of the total number of GCs, and determine the specific frequency for NGC 3640, SN = 2.0 ± 0.6, which aligns with expectations, while for NGC 3641 we find a large SN = 4.5 ± 1.6.
Excitation and spatial study of a prestellar cluster towards G+0.693-0.027 in the Galactic centre
Authors: Colzi L. , Martín-Pintado J. , Zeng S. , Jiménez-Serra I. , Rivilla V. M. , Sanz-Novo M. , Martín S. , Zhang Q. , Lu X. 
Published: August 2024

Context. Star formation in the central molecular zone (CMZ) is suppressed with respect to that of the Galactic disk, and this is likely related to its high turbulent environment. This turbulence impedes the potential detection of prestellar cores.
Aims. We present the temperature, density, and spatial structure of the CMZ molecular cloud G+0.693-0.027, which has been proposed to host a prestellar cluster in the Sgr B2 region.
Methods. We analysed multiple HC3N rotational transitions that were observed with the IRAM 30m, APEX, Yebes 40m, and GBT radio telescopes, together with SMA+APEX spatially resolved maps.
Results. The spectral shape of HC3N lines shows three distinct velocity components: a broad component with a line width of 23 km s−1 (C1), and two narrow components with line widths of 7.2 and 8.8 km s−1 (C2 and C3). This suggests that a fraction of the molecular gas in this cloud is undergoing turbulence dissipation. From an initial local thermodynamic equilibrium analysis, we found column densities of N = (6.54 ± 0.07) × 1014 cm−2, (9 ± 3) × 1014 cm−2, and (3.6 ± 0.7) × 1013 cm−2 for C1, C2, and C3, respectively. These values were used as input for a subsequent non-local thermodynamic equilibrium analysis, in which we found H2 densities of 2 × 104 cm−3, 5 × 104 cm−3, and 4 × 105 cm−3 and kinetic temperatures of 140 K, 30 K, and 80 K for C1, C2, and C3, respectively. The spatially resolved maps confirm that the colder and high-density condensations C2 and C3, which peak in the 70–85 km s−1 velocity range, have deconvolved sizes of 9″ (0.36 pc) and 7.6″ (0.3 pc), respectively, and are embedded in a more diffuse and warmer gas (C1).
Conclusions. The larger-scale structure of the Sgr B2 region, consistently with previous works, shows a hole at 40–50 km s−1 that is likely due to a small cloud that shocked the Sgr B2 region and is spatially related with a massive cloud at 60–80 km s−1. We propose that the impacting small cloud sequentially triggered the formation of Sgr B2(M), (N), and (S) and the condensations in G+0.693-0.027 during its passage. The two condensations are in a post-shocked environment that has undergone internal fragmentation. Based on the analysis of their masses and the virial parameters, C2 might expand, while C3 might further fragment or collapse.
Eine systematische Analyse nosokomialer Ausbrüche von
Infektionskrankheiten in der gastrointestinalen Endoskopie
Authors: Scholz Paulina Marie , Kirstein Martha Maria , Solbach Philipp Christoph , Vonberg Ralf-Peter 
Published: August 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Ösophagogastroduodenoskopie (ÖGD), die endoskopische retrograde
Cholangiopankreatikografie (ERCP) sowie die Koloskopie (KOLO) bergen stets das
Risiko einer Transmission von Erregern. Leider gibt es bislang nur wenige Daten
zu den Ursachen und Erregerspektren für diese Ereignisse.In einer systematischen Literaturrecherche der Worldwide Outbreak Database, der
PubMed und der Embase wurden entsprechende Ausbrüche hinsichtlich der
Ausbruchsursache, des Erregerspektrums, der Attack Rate und Letalität sowie der
daraufhin eingeleiteten Hygienemaßnahmen evaluiert.Es wurden insgesamt 73 Ausbrüche (ÖGD: 24; ERCP: 42; KOLO: 7) eingeschlossen mit
Attack Rates in Höhe von 3,5%, 7,1% und 12,8%. Die zugehörigen Letalitäten
betrugen 6,3%, 12,7% und 10,0%. Im Rahmen der ÖGD ereigneten sich vor allem
Transmissionen von Enterobakterien mit einem großen Anteil multiresistenter
Isolate. Via ERCP wurden überwiegend Nonfermenter übertragen. Die häufigste
Ursache für die akzidentelle Verwendung kontaminierter Endoskope war
menschliches Versagen während der Endoskopaufbereitung. Dem Anwender sollte das
Risiko einer Übertragung stets bewusst sein, um diese frühestmöglich erkennen
und fortan unterbinden zu können. Darüber hinaus müssen Mitarbeiter regelmäßig
in der Aufbereitung von Medizinprodukten geschult werden. Die Verwendung von
Einmalendoskopen senkt zwar das Übertragungsrisiko von Erregern, erhöht jedoch
andererseits die Abfallmenge und ggf. auch die Kosten.