bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vancomycin Dosing Strategy for the Treatment of Peritonitis in a Child on Automated Peritoneal Dialysis: A First Pediatric Case Report
Authors: Haefliger David , Chehade Hassib , Livio Francoise , Rodrigues‐Veiga Viviane , Diezi Léonore , Marzolini Catia 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundBacterial peritonitis is a common complication of peritoneal dialysis. In the absence of systemic signs of infection, adult guidelines recommend treatment with intraperitoneal vancomycin either as empiric coverage of gram‐positive organisms or as targeted therapy. However, there is no guidance on how to administer vancomycin in children on automated peritoneal dialysis.Case ReportWe report vancomycin pharmacokinetics upon intraperitoneal administration for the treatment of a Staphylococcus hominis peritonitis in an 11‐year‐old patient on automated nocturnal intermittent peritoneal dialysis. While the patient was hospitalized, vancomycin was administered intraperitoneally as a continuous treatment. After hospital discharge, the nocturnal peritoneal dialysis was resumed. In the absence of treatment guidelines, intraperitoneal vancomycin was initially administered empirically only during the nocturnal dialysis exchanges which led to repetitive subtherapeutic vancomycin plasma concentrations and the persistence of S. hominis in dialysate cultures. Based on studies in adults, the dosing strategy was subsequently modified to administer vancomycin at a dosage of 15 mg kg−1 in the dialysate with a 6‐h dwell period prior to the nocturnal dialysis thereby allowing to reach optimal peak concentrations. The dosing interval was subsequently individualized using therapeutic drug monitoring to ensure residual vancomycin concentrations > 10 mg L−1 thereby leading to clinical and microbiological recovery.ConclusionsThis case presents a dosing strategy based on a comprehensive review of the literature and highlights that a sufficient dwell period is critical when treating pediatric patients on automated peritoneal dialysis in order to allow vancomycin distribution and equilibration between the dialysate and the plasma.
Effectiveness of platelet‐rich plasma in treating female hair loss: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yuan Jing , He Yimin , Wan Hui , Gao Ying 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundHair loss profoundly affects women's physical appearance and psychological health. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) therapy has gained attention as a potential treatment for female hair loss. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PRP in treating different forms of female hair loss.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov from January 2000 to May 2024. The focus was on randomized controlled trials investigating PRP treatment for various types of hair loss in women. The research protocol is registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42024556190). The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 2).ResultsA total of 21 studies comprising 628 participants were included in the analysis. PRP treatment was found to significantly enhance hair density and thickness. Additionally, there was a significant reduction in the number of hairs pulled in the PRP group. Adverse effects were generally mild and transient, with no notable difference in pain or discomfort between the PRP and control groups (risk ratio: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.87–1.18).ConclusionPRP therapy effectively enhances hair density and thickness in women with hair loss, with a favorable safety profile. However, the effects of PRP on hair density and thickness vary with dosage, injection duration, and ethnicity, indicating the need for tailored treatment protocols.
Frequency of retinal detachments in dogs after prophylactic transpupillary retinopexy
Authors: Lieberman Joshua S. , Keys Deborah A. , Moore Phillip A. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the frequency of retinal detachments following prophylactic transpupillary retinopexy (PTPRP).MethodsThe medical records of dogs that received a PTPRP between 2014 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed for age, sex, breed, reason for retinopexy, laser power setting, number of retinal burns, follow‐up duration, and outcome. Laser power settings were increased until retinal burns could be visualized and were made 360° in a double row in the peripheral retina.ResultsFifty‐seven cases (75 eyes), 28 males and 29 females, had PTPRP performed. The median age was 8 years (4 months–14 years) with Shih tzu (n = 12), Bichon (n = 5), Miniature Poodle (n = 5), and Yorkie (n = 4) being the most common breeds. PTPRP were performed due to severe vitreal degeneration (n = 66), retinal detachment in the contralateral eye (n = 25), capsular tear with escaped lens material during phacoemulsification (n = 6), intracapsular lens extraction (n = 2), and lens luxation during phacoemulsification (n = 3). The median power setting, number of retinal burns, and follow‐up time were 300 mW (201–595 mW), 210 burns (35–921 burns), and 473 days (14–1862 days), respectively. Additionally, five patients had a barrier‐pexy performed in the contralateral eye, due to partial detachment. Retinal detachment occurred in 3/75 (4.0%) of eyes that received a PTPRP at the final examination. Of the patients with a detachment in the contralateral eye (n = 25), no detachment was noted at the last follow‐up examination. Two partial detachments that had barrier‐pexies had progressed at the final examination.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that PTPRP may be beneficial in decreasing the risk of retinal detachment in selected cases.
Prescribing Blood Flow Restricted Exercise: Limb Composition Influences the Pressure Required to Create Arterial Occlusion
Authors: Walden Thomas P. , Jonson Andrew M. , Dempsey Alasdair R. , Fairchild Timothy J. , Girard Olivier 
Published: August 2024

Context: As blood flow restriction gains popularity across different populations (eg, young and older adults) and settings (eg, clinical and sports rehabilitation), the accuracy of blood flow restricted percentage becomes crucial. We aimed to compare manually measured arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) among young adults to understand whether lower limb composition affects the pressure required to achieve AOP. The results will shed light on the adequacy of published calculations used to estimate AOP in practical and research settings. Design: An observational cross-sectional study design was implemented to examine the relationship between lower limb composition, lower limb circumference, and measured AOP. Methods: Twenty-two participants (12 males, 26 [4] y, 1.74 [0.07] m, 73.2 [12.5] kg) underwent a whole-body Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry scan before AOP (in millimeters of mercury) and lower limb circumference (in centimeters) were determined. In a supine position, a 10-cm wide cuff was manually inflated on the dominant leg to the point where a pulse could no longer be detected by a Doppler ultrasound of the posterior tibial artery to determine AOP. Lower limb composition (fat, muscle, and bone mass [in grams]) was obtained from the Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry scan. Results: Lower limb muscle mass had a moderate negative relationship with AOP (r2 = .433, β = −0.004) and a moderate positive relationship with lower limb circumference (r2 = .497, β = 0.001). Lower limb circumference had the weakest relationship with AOP (r2 = .316, β = 0.050) of all measures. Conclusions: The reported relationships between lower limb muscle mass, lower limb circumference, and AOP suggest that as muscle mass increases, lower limb circumference also increases, yet AOP decreases. This implies that limb circumference should not be used as the primary measure for calculating AOP within the sampled population. We recommend individually measuring AOP when implementing blood flow restriction in all exercise modalities.
Cohort profile: the Dynamics of Family Conflict (FamC) study in Norway
Authors: Larsen Linda , Buchmann Nelli , Morbech Maria , Holt Tonje , Roysamb Espen , Helland Maren Sand 
Published: August 2024

PurposeThe Dynamics of Family Conflict (FamC) prospective cohort study was set up to investigate how and why interparental conflicts and family relations develop over time, and in which contexts which types of conflicts and relations are most negative for which children. FamC focuses on the family within a scope spanning macrolevel as well as microlevel processes.ParticipantsFamilies were recruited from MoBa (pilot project) and family counselling offices across Norway when parents attended parental counselling, therapy or mandatory mediation in relation to parental relationship dissolution. All families were thus experiencing challenges and/or going through a family transition. Families were eligible for the study if parents had at least one joint child between 0 and 16 years. Both parents and up to five children from the same family could participate. A total of 2871 families were recruited (participation rate wave 1: 78%) and an estimated 55% of parents (based on wave 1 data) were divorced/separated. Additional data were obtained from therapists/mediators at the family counselling offices about the family, and childcare or schoolteachers provided data on the youngest (0–6 years) children.Findings to dateResults show that interparental conflict patterns vary with family constellation. Interparental conflict severity is inversely related to the discrepancy between child-reported and parent-reported child reactions to interparental conflicts, and child-self-reported reactions are higher relative to parent-reported child reactions. Other findings show that family characteristics (eg, the number and age of children in the family and financial difficulties) are predictive of the type of residence arrangement that parents practice.Future plansThe cohort is ideally suited for cross-cultural comparisons and further examination of family processes and dynamics including parent repartnering, step-parents and new family members, associations between different family constellations and child adjustment, and fathering, father–child relationship and child adjustment. There are plans for further follow-up data collection.
Contemporaneous symptom networks analysis in lymphoma patients during chemotherapy: protocol for a single-centre prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Xingyu , Liu Lizhen , Li Wenxin , Lei Lingling , Li Wanling , Wu Lihua 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundSymptom networks offer a theoretical basis for developing personalised and precise symptom management strategies. However, symptom networks in lymphoma patients during chemotherapy have been rarely reported. This study intends to establish contemporaneous symptom networks in lymphoma patients during chemotherapy and explore the centrality indices and density in these symptom networks.Methods and analysisThis is a single-centre prospective cross-sectional study. A total of 315 lymphoma patients admitted to the Lymphoma Department of Shanxi Bethune Hospital since 1 June 2024 will be selected as the study subjects. The patient-reported outcome measures of General Data Questionnaire and Lymphoma Symptom Assessment Scale will be assessed. R package will be used to construct a contemporaneous symptom network, explore the relationship between core and analysed symptoms and analyse the predictive role of network density on patient prognosis.Ethics and disseminationThis study adheres to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant ethical guidelines. Ethical approval has been obtained from Shanxi Bethune Hospital Ethics Committee (approval number: YXLL-2023-186). The final outcomes will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated through a conference.
Comparison of combined intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis with intravenous thrombolysis alone in stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy: a propensity-matched analysis
Authors: Elawady Sameh Samir , Abo Kasem Rahim , Mulpur Bhageeradh , Cunningham Conor , Matsukawa Hidetoshi , Sowlat Mohammad-Mahdi , Orscelik Atakan , Nawabi Noah L A , Isidor Julio , Maier Ilko , Jabbour Pascal , Kim Joon-tae , Wolfe Stacey Q , Rai Ansaar , Starke Robert M , Psychogios Marios-Nikos , Samaniego Edgar A , Yoshimura Shinichi , Cuellar Hugo , Howard Brian M , Alawieh Ali , Alaraj Ali , Ezzeldin Mohamad , Romano Daniele G , Tanweer Omar , Mascitelli Justin R , Fragata Isabel , Polifka Adam J , Siddiqui Fazeel , Osbun Joshua W , Grandhi Ramesh , Crosa Roberto Javier , Matouk Charles , Park Min S , Brinjikji Waleed , Moss Mark , Daglioglu Ergun , Williamson Richard , Navia Pedro , Kan Peter , De Leacy Reade Andrew , Chowdhry Shakeel A , Altschul David , Spiotta Alejandro M , Levitt Michael R , Goyal Nitin 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundA combination of intravenous (IVT) or intra-arterial (IAT) thrombolysis with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) has been investigated. However, there is limited data on patients who receive both IVT and IAT compared with IVT alone before MT.MethodsSTAR data from 2013 to 2023 was utilized. We performed propensity score matching between the two groups. The primary outcomes were symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0–2. Secondary outcomes included successful recanalization (modified treatment in cerebral infarction (mTICI) ≥2B, ≥2C), early neurological improvement, any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and 90-day mortality.ResultsA total of 2454 AIS-LVO patients were included. Propensity matching yielded 190 well-matched patients in each group. No significant differences were observed between the groups in either ICH or sICH (odds ratio (OR): 0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51–1.24, P=0.37; OR: 0.60, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.24, P=0.21, respectively). Rates of successful recanalization and early neurological improvement (ENI) were significantly lower in MT+IVT + IAT. mRS 0–1 and mortality were not significantly different between the two groups. However, the MT+IVT + IAT group demonstrated superior rates of good functional outcomes (90-day mRS 0–1) compared with patients in the MT+IVT group who had mTICI ≤2B, (OR: 2.18, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.99, P=0.04).ConclusionThe combined use of IAT and IVT thrombolysis in AIS-LVO patients undergoing MT is safe. Although the MT+IVT+ IAT group demonstrated lower rates of recanalization and early neurological improvement, long-term functional outcomes were favorable in this group suggesting a potential delayed benefit of IAT.
Long-term safety and efficacy of anti-TNF multivalent VHH antibodies ozoralizumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tanaka Yoshiya , Miyazaki Yusuke , Kawanishi Masafumi , Yamasaki Hironori , Takeuchi Tsutomu 
Published: August 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy profiles of ozoralizumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from the OHZORA, NATSUZORA and HOSHIZORA trials.MethodsThis study conducted an integrated analysis of the three trials. Patients who completed the OHZORA trial with concomitant treatment of ozoralizumab and methotrexate (MTX) or the NATSUZORA trial without MTX were eligible to participate in the long-term extension HOSHIZORA trial. Safety assessment was performed in the safety analysis set, and the incidence rate per 100 person-year (PY) was calculated for a summary of adverse events (AEs) and AEs of special interests (AESIs). The efficacy was analysed in terms of disease activity index response rates and functional remission.ResultsThe OHZORA and NATSUZORA trials enrolled 521 patients, of whom 401 patients entered the HOSHIZORA trial and 279 completed the long-term extension treatment with a mean treatment duration of 200 weeks and total exposure of 1419.34 PY in all enrolled patients. Of the patients, 96.9% demonstrated ≥1 AEs, which is mostly mild to moderate. One death was observed, but no conspicuous AEs emerged and no specific concerns in AESIs were found through the long-term administration. The efficacy assessment revealed the maintained American College of Rheumatology response rates of 20%, 50%, and 70% during the trials.ConclusionThis integrated analysis revealed no new safety concerns, and the efficacy was maintained in patients with RA under long-term ozoralizumab administration.Trial registration numberjRCT2080223971, jRCT2080223973,NCT04077567.
Bedside percutaneous cryoneurolysis technique for management of acute rib fracture pain in adult trauma patients
Authors: Villalta Cynthia I , Mian Rabiya K , Grossman Verner Heather M , Farsakh Dana , Browne Timothy C , Goldstein Zachary S , McDaniel Conner 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundAcute pain due to rib fractures causes significant in-hospital morbidity and impacts patients’ quality of life after discharge. Intraoperative transthoracic cryoneurolysis of the intercostal nerves can improve postoperative pain; however, non-surgical patients are provided limited analgesia options. Here, we describe our experience with a bedside cryoanalgesia technique for management of acute rib fracture pain.MethodsFive patients at a single level I trauma center completed bedside intercostal nerve cryoneurolysis (INC) using a handheld cryotherapy device and ultrasound guidance. Relative pain ratings (scale 0–10/10) and maximal incentive spirometry (ISmax) volumes were taken prior to the procedure as a baseline. Patients were observed for 24 hours after procedure, with relative pain ratings and ISmaxrecorded at 1, 8, 16, and 24 hours after procedure.ResultsOur patients were 29–88 years old and had one to five single-sided rib fractures. At baseline, they had high pre-procedure pain ratings (7–10/10) and ISmaxvolumes of 800–2000 mL. Many had improvements in their pain rating but little change in their ISmaxat 1 hour (1–5/10 and 1000–2000 mL, respectively) and 8 hours (1–5/10 and 1250–2400 mL, respectively). ISmaxvolumes improved by 16 hours (1500–2400 mL) with comparable pain ratings (0–5/10). At 24 hours, pain ratings and ISmaxranged from 0 to 8/10 and from 1500 mL to 2400 mL, respectively. Each patient had improved pain control and ISmaxvolumes compared with their pre-procedure values. All patients reported the procedure as an asset to their recovery at discharge.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates patients with rib fractures may experience improved pain ratings and ISmaxvalues after INC. Percutaneous INC appears to be a viable adjunct to multimodal pain control for patients with rib fractures and should be considered in patients with difficult pain control. Further studies are required to fully assess INC safety, efficacy, post-discharge outcomes, and utility in patients with altered mental status or on mechanical ventilation.Level of evidenceLevel V, case series.
Citizen science games on the timeline of quantum games
Authors: Piispanen Laura 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis article provides an overview of existing quantum physics-related games, referred to as quantum games, that serve citizen science research in quantum physics. Additionally, we explore the connection between citizen science and quantum computer games, games played on quantum computers. The information presented is derived from academic references and supplemented by diverse sources, including social media publications, conference presentations and blog posts from research groups and developers associated with the presented games. We observe that the current landscape of quantum games is shaped by three distinct driving forces: the serious application of games, the evolution of quantum computers and open game development events such as Quantum Game Jams. Notably, citizen science plays an influential role in all three aspects. The article points to existing design guides for citizen science quantum games and views future prospects of citizen science projects and quantum games through collaborative endeavours, human–machine collaboration and open access quantum computers.
Trial in All but Name: Continuing Proceedings in Contravention of the Right to Be Present at Trial
Authors: Wheeler Caleb H. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The right to be present at trial is under threat following the decision of the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals’ Trial Chamber to continue proceedings against Félicien Kabuga after finding him mentally unfit to stand trial. The Trial Chamber opted instead to hold an “alternative finding procedure”, resembling a trial as closely as possible, albeit without the possibility of concluding with a verdict. This article engages with that decision through the lens of whether this approach complies with the accused’s right to be present at trial. It concludes that the proceedings would be little more than a de facto trial that does not adequately respect the accused’s right to be present. It also finds that should other international criminal courts and tribunals follow a similar approach the right to be present would be deprived of any real meaning. This could also, in turn, threaten overall fairness of the proceedings.
Exporting the Margin of Appreciation
Authors: Acconciamessa Lorenzo 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
It was in 1976 when, in the case of Handyside v. the United Kingdom, the European Court of Human Rights held that the European Convention on Human Rights “leaves to the Contracting States a margin of appreciation”. Forty-five years later, in 2021, Protocol No. 15 entered into force and incorporated the “margin of appreciation” into the Preamble of the ECHR. For a long time, the doctrine has been considered a unique feature of the European human rights system, consistently ignored or explicitly rejected by other international adjudicators. This article aims to assess whether the recent international judicial practice still confirms such a conclusion, or whether the margin has migrated across the case law of different international courts and is, nowadays, a doctrine that can be applied to the assessment of the scope and content of international obligations and to the review of compliance with such obligations in general.
Archaeological Analysis of the Two Spearheads from the Territory of Medieval Armenia
Authors: Dymydyuk Dmytro 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper is an overview of two archeological finds of spearheads from Ani (in the form of a trident with a central straight prong and two side curved hooks) and Dvin (long and heavy spearhead, oval in form, flat in section with round socket). Well-known Byzantine, Georgian, Kyivan Rus’, and Muslim Near East archeological, pictorial, and figurative sources will be compared to elucidate the purpose, dating, and origin of the above-mentioned spearheads.
Khamīs bar Qardaḥe’s Objection to God Dwelling within the Womb Based on the Aristotelian Categories and the Replies of Daniel bar Ḥaṭṭāb and Gregory bar ʿEbrāyā
Authors: Burke Simon Luke Robinson 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the thirteenth century, a Syriac poem of four lines relating the Aristotelian categories to the incarnation was composed by a famous East Syrian poet, Khamīs bar Qardaḥe. In this poem, Khamīs challenged the coherence of Syriac Orthodox incarnational Christology and attracted poetic replies from two prominent Syriac Orthodox figures: Daniel bar Ḥaṭṭāb and Gregory bar ʿEbrāyā. This article presents a critical edition of these three related poems as well as an English translation, discussions of their authorship and transmission, and a commentary on their contents.