bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid poplar plantations are suitable habitat for reintroduced forest herbs with conservation status
Authors: Boothroyd-Roberts Kathleen , Gagnon Daniel , Truax Benoit 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Plantations of fast-growing tree species may be of use in conservation by accelerating the restoration of forest habitat on abandoned farmland and increasing connectivity in fragmented landscapes. The objective of this study was to determine if hybrid poplar plantations can be suitable habitats for the reintroduction of native forest plant species and, if so, which abiotic factors predict successful reintroduction. Four species of forest herb species (Trillium grandiflorum, Sanguinaria canadensis, Maianthemum racemosum, Asarum canadense), of which three have legal conservation status, were transplanted into experimental plantations of two hybrid poplar clones and nearby second-growth woodlots at six sites in southern Quebec, Canada. The transplanted individuals were protected from deer browsing with exclusion cages. After two years, the plant responses of all four species were stable or increased over two years in both types of hybrid poplar plantations. Sanguinaria showed a better response in the plantations than in the woodlots, preferring the rich post-agricultural soils of the plantations with low C:N ratios. Asarum and Maianthemum showed no significant difference between stand types, while Trillium grew better in the woodlots than in the plantations. Much of the variability in the response of the latter three species was unexplained by the measured environmental variables. These results suggest that certain forest herb species can be reintroduced as juvenile plants into plantations, knowing that their spontaneous recolonization is often limited by dispersal and/or seedling establishment. Plantations could also contribute to the conservation of biodiversity by providing an environment for the cultivation of forest herb species as an alternative to their destructive harvest from natural populations.
Selective inhibition of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) with a novel orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor, RO9021, impinges on various innate and adaptive immune responses: implications for SYK inhibitors in autoimmune disease therapy
Authors: Liao Cheng , Hsu Jonathan , Kim Yong , Hu Dong-Qing , Xu Daigen , Zhang Jun , Pashine Achal , Menke John , Whittard Toni , Romero Natasha , Truitt Theresa , Slade Michelle , Lukacs Christine , Hermann Johannes , Zhou Mingyan , Lucas Matthew , Narula Satwant , DeMartino Julie , Tan Seng-Lai 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a key integrator of intracellular signals triggered by activated immunoreceptors, including Bcell receptors (BCR) and Fc receptors, which are important for the development and function of lymphoid cells. Given the clinical efficacy of Bcell depletion in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, pharmacological modulation of Bcells using orally active small molecules that selectively target SYK presents an attractive alternative therapeutic strategy.

Methods
A SYK inhibitor was developed and assayed in various in vitro systems and in the mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (mCIA).

Results
A novel ATP-competitive inhibitor of SYK, 6-[(1R,2S)-2-Amino-cyclohexylamino]-4-(5,6-dimethyl-pyridin-2-ylamino)-pyridazine-3-carboxylic acid amide, designated RO9021, with an adequate kinase selectivity profile and oral bioavailability, was developed. In addition to suppression of BCR signaling in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and whole blood, FcγR signaling in human monocytes, and FcϵR signaling in human mast cells, RO9021 blocked osteoclastogenesis from mouse bone marrow macrophages in vitro. Interestingly, Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 9 signaling in human Bcells was inhibited by RO9021, resulting in decreased levels of plasmablasts, immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG upon B-cell differentiation. RO9021 also potently inhibited type I interferon production by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) upon TLR9 activation. This effect is specific to TLR9 as RO9021 did not inhibit TLR4- or JAK-STAT-mediated signaling. Finally, oral administration of RO9021 inhibited arthritis progression in the mCIA model, with observable pharmacokinetics (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) correlation.

Conclusions
Inhibition of SYK kinase activity impinges on various innate and adaptive immune responses. RO9021 could serve as a starting point for the development of selective SYK inhibitors for the treatment of inflammation-related and autoimmune-related disorders.
Incidence, risk factors and prediction of post-operative acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery for active infective endocarditis: an observational study
Authors: Legrand Matthieu , Pirracchio Romain , Rosa Anne , Petersen Maya L , Van der Laan Mark , Fabiani Jean-Noël , Fernandez-gerlinger Marie-paule , Podglajen Isabelle , Safran Denis , Cholley Bernard , Mainardi Jean-Luc 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Introduction
Cardiac surgery is frequently needed in patients with infective endocarditis (IE). Acute kidney injury (AKI) often complicates IE and is associated with poor outcomes. The purpose of the study was to determine the risk factors for post-operative AKI in patients operated on for IE.

Methods
A retrospective, non-interventional study of prospectively collected data (2000–2010) included patients with IE and cardiac surgery with cardio-pulmonary bypass. The primary outcome was post-operative AKI, defined as the development of AKI or progression of AKI based on the acute kidney injury network (AKIN) definition. We used ensemble machine learning (“Super Learning”) to develop a predictor of AKI based on potential risk factors, and evaluated its performance using V-fold cross validation. We identified clinically important predictors among a set of risk factors using Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation.

Results
202 patients were included, of which 120 (59%) experienced a post-operative AKI. 65 (32.2%) patients presented an AKI before surgery while 91 (45%) presented a progression of AKI in the post-operative period. 20 patients (9.9%) required a renal replacement therapy during the post-operative ICU stay and 30 (14.8%) died during their hospital stay. The following variables were found to be significantly associated with renal function impairment, after adjustment for other risk factors: multiple surgery (OR: 4.16, 95% CI: 2.98-5.80, p<0.001), pre-operative anemia (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.34-2.66, p<0.001), transfusion requirement during surgery (OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.55-3.63, p<0.001), and the use of vancomycin (OR: 2.63, 95% CI: 2.07-3.34, p<0.001), aminoglycosides (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.13-1.83, p=0.004) or contrast iodine (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.37-2.12, p<0.001). Post-operative but not pre-operative AKI was associated with hospital mortality.

Conclusions
Post-operative AKI following cardiopulmonary bypass for IE results from additive hits to the kidney. We identified several potentially modifiable risk factors such as treatment with vancomycin or aminoglycosides or pre-operative anemia.
Lifestyle Modification Programs in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Domecq Juan Pablo , Prutsky Gabriela , Mullan Rebecca J. , Hazem Ahmad , Sundaresh Vishnu , Elamin Mohammed B. , Phung Olivia J. , Wang Amy , Hoeger Kathleen , Pasquali Renato , Erwin Patricia , Bodde Amy , Montori Victor M. , Murad M. Hassan 
Published: October 2013

Context:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent disorder that affects women of childbearing age and may be related to obesity and insulin resistance.

Objective:
The purpose of this systematic review was to appraise the evidence of the impact of lifestyle modification (LSM) interventions on outcomes of women with PCOS.

Data Sources:
Sources included Ovid Medline, OVID Embase, OVID Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, and CINAHL (up to January 2011).

Study Selection:
We included randomized controlled trials that enrolled woman of any age with PCOS who received LSM and compared them against women who received no intervention, minimal intervention, or metformin.

Data Extraction:
Two authors performed the data extraction independently.

Data Synthesis:
We included 9 trials enrolling 583 women with a high loss to follow-up rate, lack of blinding, and short follow-up. Compared with minimal intervention, LSM significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (weighted mean difference, −2.3 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval, −4.5 to −0.1, I2 = 72%, P = .04) and fasting blood insulin (weighted mean difference, −2.1 μU/mL, 95% confidence interval, −3.3 to −1.0, I2 = 0%, P &lt; .001). Changes in body mass index were associated with changes in fasting blood glucose (P &lt; .001). Metformin was not significantly better than LSM in improving blood glucose or insulin levels. We found no significant effect of LSM on pregnancy rate, and the effect on hirsutism was unclear.

Conclusions:
The available evidence suggests that LSM reduces fasting blood glucose and insulin levels in women with PCOS. Metformin has similar effects. Translation of these short-term effects to patient-important outcomes, beyond diabetes prevention, remains uncertain.
Heavy Metallocenes of the Group 8 Metals: Ferrocene and Ruthenocene Derivatives
Authors: Lee Vladimir Ya , Kato Risa , Sekiguchi Akira 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Metallocene (ferrocene and ruthenocene) derivatives, featuring three heavy group 14 elements in one of the cyclopentadienyl ligands, were synthesized by the reaction of the lithium disilagermacyclopentadienide [(tBu2MeSi)3GeSi2(CH)(CPh)]−·[Li+(thf)] with either in situ-generated [Cp*Fe(acac)] or tetrameric [(Cp*RuCl)4] complexes. X-ray structural and NMR spectroscopic studies showed that both heavy ferrocene and heavy ruthenocene exhibited remarkable cyclic π-delocalization within the heavy cyclopentadienyl ligand and its powerful π-donating ability toward the transition metal.
Electrochemical Properties of LiNi0.90Co0.05Al0.05O2/LiFe0.9Mn0.1PO4/C Blended Cathode for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Park Tae-Jun , Kang Seo-Ha , Kim Cheong , Son Jong-Tae 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The influence of olivine-type blending with LiNi0.90Co0.05Al0.05O2 (NCA) powders and electrochemical properties were investigated by means of XRD, SEM, and charge–discharge tests. The rate capability of the pristine NCA electrode showed the capacity retentions of 79.9, 73.3, and 63.8% at 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0 C, respectively. After blending, the capacity retentions of the mixtured sample were increased to 86.8, 81.1, and 73.7% at 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0 C, respectively. The higher capacity retention and superior rate capability of blended sample can be ascribed to the improved energy density and network effect of nanofibers.
Asymmetric Formal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Succinaldehyde via Diarylprolinol-mediated Domino Aldol–Acetalization Reaction for the Construction of Tetrahydrofuran
Authors: Hayashi Yujiro , Nishino Kentaro , Sato Itaru 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
Highly enantioselective synthesis of tetrahydrofurans was accomplished via a formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of succinaldehyde, which acts as a three-carbon unit. The reaction consists of the domino reaction of the diarylprolinol-mediated aldol reaction of succinaldehyde followed by an intramolecular acetalization reaction.
Nickel-catalyzed Decarbonylative and Decarboxylative Cycloaddition of Isatoic Anhydrides with Alkynes
Authors: Nakai Kenichiro , Kurahashi Takuya , Matsubara Seijiro 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
We have developed a nickel-catalyzed cycloaddition of isatoic anhydrides with alkynes to afford 2,3-disubstituted indoles. The reaction proceeds via the elimination of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide and the insertion of alkynes.
Functional Phase Separation in Polymer–Monomer Composite Film: Controlled Induction of Pyrene Orientation
Authors: Jintoku Hirokuni , Okazaki Yutaka , Takafuji Makoto , Ihara Hirotaka 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
We propose a new strategy for the functionalization of polymer–monomer composites through the fabrication of a controlled phase-separated structure. This achievement is based on a low-molecular-weight gelation phenomenon of l-glutamide derivatives in an amorphous polymer matrix.
Flow-based Biosensing System for Glucose Fabricated by Using Track-etched Microporous Membrane Electrodes
Authors: Mizuguchi Hitoshi , Sakurai Jun , Kinoshita Yuki , Iiyama Masamitsu , Kijima Tatsuro , Tachibana Kazuhiro , Nishina Tatsuo , Shida Junichi 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
The new type of amperometric biosensor described herein, which was fabricated by using a track-etched microporous membrane electrode for glucose detection, comprises a prereactor electrode, a detector electrode, and an immobilized enzyme reactor sandwiched between these electrodes. Because the sample solution flows through this system, the interferents are electrolyzed completely at the prereactor, positioned upstream of the enzyme reactor. The increased current response at the detector electrode derives solely from oxidation of hydrogen peroxide produced in the enzymatic reaction. Sensitive and selective response toward glucose detection was obtained with no other catalytic material such as peroxidase or an electron mediator.
A Visible-light-responsive Photocatalyst of Nitrogen-doped Solid-acid HNb3O8-N Studied by Ultrahigh-field 1H MAS NMR and 1H–93Nb/1H–15N HETCOR NMR in Solids
Authors: Shimizu Tadashi , Nakai Toshihito , Deguchi Kenzo , Yamada Kazuhiko , Yue Bing , Ye Jinhua 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
A visible-light-responsive nitrogen-doped solid-acid photocatalyst HNb3O8-N is investigated via solid-state high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. The 1H magic-angle-spinning (MAS) spectrum observed under an ultrahigh field of 21.8 T is found drastically different from that of the precursor catalyst HNb3O8. The 1H signals of HNb3O8-N are assigned with the help of 1H–93Nb and 1H–15N two-dimensional heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) spectroscopy. It is clarified that H3O+ ions contained in HNb3O8 change into H2O and H+, the latter of which protonates NbO6 octrahedra. Deduced from the 1H chemical shift for the nitrogen-adjacent protons, three microstructure models for HNb3O8-N, involving the proton-exchange model, are proposed.
A Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of a MnCo2O4@Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for Application in Supercapacitors
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Bi Huiping , He Guangyu , Zhu Junwu , Chen Haiqun 
Published: October 2013

Abstract
MnCo2O4@reduced graphene oxide (MnCo2O4@RGO) was prepared via a one-step hydrothermal route. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy showed that MnCo2O4 nanoparticles with an average size of 12 nm were homogeneously dispersed on reduced graphene oxide sheets. Electrochemical experiments on MnCo2O4@RGO showed that the nanocomposite exhibited high specific capacitance of 334 F g−1 at a large current density of 1 A g−1. Even after 2000 charge–discharge cycles, 98% of the initial specific capacitance was retained, a property which will prove valuable for practical applications such as supercapacitors.
Recurrent urolithiasis following parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Rowlands C , Zyada A , Zouwail S , Joshi H , Stechman MJ , Scott-Coombes DM 
Published: October 2013

Introduction The effect of parathyroidectomy on the incidence of recurrent stone formation is uncertain. We aimed to compare the biochemistry and recurrence rate of urolithiasis in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and stone formation (SF) and non-stone formation (NSF) with idiopathic stone formers (ISF). Methods Patients with pHPT and SF (Group 1) were identified from a prospective database. pHPT patients and NSF (Group 2) and ISFs (Group 3) were randomly selected from respective databases to form three equal groups. Preoperative and postoperative biochemical data were analysed and recurrent urolithiasis diagnosed if present on follow-up radiology. Out-of-area patients were asked about recurrence via telephone. Results From July 2002 to October 2011, 640 patients had parathyroidectomy for pHPT. Of these, 66 (10.3%) had a history of renal colic; one was lost to follow-up. Patient demographics were similar across all three groups. Three months post-parathyroidectomy, Groups 1 and 2 had significantly reduced serum calcium concentrations (p<0.01). Group 1 had lower urinary calcium excretion after parathyroidectomy (p<0.01), but estimated glomerular filtration rate did not change following surgery. During median follow-up of 4.33 years (0.25–9 years) in Groups 1 and 2 and 5.08 years (0.810–8 years) in Group 3, one patient (1.5%) in Group 1 and 16 patients (25%) in Group 3 had recurrent urolithiasis (p<0.01). No Group 2 patients developed stones. Conclusion Curative parathyroidectomy confers a low recurrence rate for urolithiasis, but does not prevent recurrence in all patients. Further research should aim to identify the risk factors for continued SF in these patients.
Practical application of kangaroo mother care in preterm infants: clinical characteristics and safety of kangaroo mother care
Authors: Park Hyun-kyung , Choi Byeong Seon , Lee Seung Jin , Son In-a , Seol In-Joon , Lee Hyun Ju 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Aim: To determine the clinical characteristics and safety of kangaroo mother care (KMC) according to the gestational age (GA) or postmenstrual age (PMA).

Methods: We conducted a prospective clinical study in 31 infants between 25 and 32 weeks’ GA. The subjects were categorized into two groups (25–28 weeks’ and 29–32 weeks’ GA groups) to compare the clinical characteristics associated with KMC. Heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, blood pressure and body temperature (BT) were longitudinally assessed for 60 min with respect to the PMA group (29–32 weeks’ and 33–36 weeks’ PMA groups).

Results: The authors analyzed 70 sessions with 31 infants (25–32 weeks’ GA, birth weight 760–1740 g, 29–36 weeks’ PMA). All infants had statistically significant higher temperatures during KMC than before KMC within clinically acceptable limits (P<0.001). We found a significantly lower variation of BT in the 25–28 weeks’ GA group compared with the 29–32 weeks’ GA group at 33–36 weeks’ PMA, suggesting accelerated skin maturation in more premature infants (P<0.001).

Conclusion: Our intermittent KMC was a safe and feasible method for preterm infants. Notably, at the same PMA, preterm infants in the lower at-birth GA group showed an advanced maturation of thermoregulation compared with those in the higher GA group.
Peripartum anesthetic management of patients with Factor XI deficiency
Authors: Reuveni Alon , Orbach-Zinger Sharon , Eidelman Leonid A. , Ginosar Yehuda , Ioscovich Alexander 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Introduction: Factor XI deficiency is predominantly found in the Ashkenazi Jewish population with a prevalence of 9%, but also seen in other ethnicities. Little information is available on obstetric anesthesia management in women with Factor XI deficiency. Therefore, we undertook a study to evaluate obstetric, anesthetic and perinatal outcomes in parturients with Factor XI deficiency.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with chart reviews from 1996 to 2011 resulted in 74 women with Factor XI level deficiency. We compared anesthetic and obstetric management in parturients with low (≤30%) level of Factor XI to those with higher levels.

Results: Ninety-one pregnancy outcomes were reviewed in these 74 women with Factor XI deficiency. Forty-three women had levels ≤30% in 46 labors while 31 women had levels >30% in 45 labors. Women with low levels of Factor XI were significantly more likely to receive FFP and less likely to receive neuroaxial anesthesia. There were no anesthetic complications and no difference in mode of delivery or neonatal outcomes.

Discussion: This study is the first step in building a national database for anesthetic cases and outcomes of parturients with Factor XI deficiency. Further efforts must be made to provide safe analgesia for these women.
Labor induction in nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix: double balloon catheter versus dinoprostone
Authors: Suffecool Katarzyna , Rosenn Barak M. , Kam Stefanie , Mushi Juliet , Foroutan Janelle , Herrera Kimberly 
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Objective: We sought to compare the efficacy of the double-balloon catheter and dinoprostone for induction of labor among nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix.

Study design: Nulliparous women with a Bishop score <6 were randomized to receive a 10-mg intra-vaginal dinoprostone insert or a double-balloon catheter. Primary outcome was time to delivery. Statistical analyses were performed by intention to treat using the chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Student’s t-test, as appropriate.

Results: The mean induction-to-delivery time was shorter in the double-balloon group as compared to the dinoprostone group (17.9±5.8 vs. 26.3±9.7 h) as was the time from induction to vaginal delivery (19.13±5 vs. 24.45±8.7 h, respectively). More women in the catheter group were delivered within 24 h compared to the dinoprostone group (87.1% vs. 47.4%). Approximately 50% of women in both groups delivered by cesarean section.

Conclusion: Induction of labor with the double-balloon catheter in nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix is associated with a shorter time to delivery compared to dinoprostone.
Techniques for fluorescence detection of protoporphyrin IX in skin cancers associated with photodynamic therapy
Authors: Rollakanti Kishore R. , Kanick Stephen C. , Davis Scott C. , Pogue Brian W. , Maytin Edward V. 
Published: October 2013

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality that uses a specific photosensitizing agent, molecular oxygen, and light of a particular wavelength to kill cells targeted by the therapy. Topically administered aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is widely used to effectively treat cancerous and precancerous skin lesions, resulting in targeted tissue damage and little to no scarring. The targeting aspect of the treatment arises from the fact that ALA is preferentially converted into protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in neoplastic cells. To monitor the amount of PpIX in tissues, techniques have been developed to measure PpIX-specific fluorescence, which provides information useful for monitoring the abundance and location of the photosensitizer before and during the illumination phase of PDT. This review summarizes the current state of these fluorescence detection techniques. Non-invasive devices are available for point measurements, or for wide-field optical imaging, to enable monitoring of PpIX in superficial tissues. To gain access to information at greater tissue depths, multi-modal techniques are being developed which combine fluorescent measurements with ultrasound or optical coherence tomography, or with microscopic techniques such as confocal or multiphoton approaches. The tools available at present, and newer devices under development, offer the promise of better enabling clinicians to inform and guide PDT treatment planning, thereby optimizing therapeutic outcomes for patients.