bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced multiferroic properties of Co-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles via structural changes
Authors: Wang Sihui , Li Yuqing , Lv Juncheng , Sun Tianyue , Li Fang , Wang Jian , Ming Shuoyang , Liu Yanqing , Zhang Junkai , Yang Jinghai 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The present study demonstrates a rhombohedral-to-orthorhombic phase transition of BiFe1-XCoXO3 (BFCXO, x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05) nanoparticles induced by Co ion doping. With increasing concentration of Co dopant, XRD, Raman and IR patterns exhibit lattice shrinkage and increased lattice strain; SEM and TEM images reveal a corresponding reduction in grain size; XPS spectra indicate that the Fe2+ ions are readily oxidized by Co3+ to Fe3+ ions because to the greater oxidation–reduction potential of Fe3+/Fe2+ (1.3 eV) than that of Co3+/Co2+ (0.55 eV). Effective regulation of crystal structure and microstructure significantly alters the multiferroic properties of BFCXO samples. The Co-doped samples gradually transition from antiferromagnetism to ferromagnetism. Among them, BFC0.03O reaches its maximum values at Ms ~ 0.956 emu/g for magnetization saturation and Mr ~ 0.054 emu/g for remanent magnetization. Meanwhile, BFC0.03O exhibits better ferroelectric properties compared to its pure counterpart. This study presents an effective approach for controlling the structure and characteristics of BFO-based nanomaterials for multifunctional device applications.
Multicast-based fault-tolerant multiparty state preparation of four-qubit cluster states
Authors: Meng TianTian , Wei YuZhen , Jiang Min , Chen Hong , Huang Xu 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The primary aim of this study is to utilize multicast in the preparation of multi-party four-qubit cluster states. In the presence of environment noises, errors may influence the procedure of the particle distribution. To address this challenge, we propose a fault-tolerant scheme to manage the errors within the detectable channel particles. Based on the Bell chain channel, our approach could prepare arbitrary four-particle cluster state by introducing auxiliary particles, where the receiver performs the unitary operation for recovering the target states. Compared to previous multicast protocols, our scheme reduces resource consumption and operational complexity during cluster state preparation. Additionally, we analyze the system’s fidelity in incoherent environments, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of noise on quantum communication systems.
Exceptional anisotropic superhydrophobicity of sword-lily striated leaf surface and soft lithographic biomimicking using polystyrene replica
Authors: Dubey Mahesh C , Mohanta D 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Herein, we report unusually high anisotropic superhydrophobicity, unidirectional self-cleaning, and biomimicking of adaxial sword-lily (Gladiolus hortulanus) leaf comprising three distinct levels of surface textures. Observably, the static anisotropic wetting and rolling of water droplets are more favourable in the parallel (or, striation) direction than in the perpendicular direction. Inspired from such water repellency of the sword lily leaf surface, here bio-mimicked polystyrene (PS) leaf construct is developed through a soft lithographic technique. Considering different water droplet sizes (4–10 μl) on natural lily leaf and bio-mimicked PS construct surfaces, the respective parallel (θ
||) and perpendicular (θ
⊥) water contact angles (WCAs) stand at, θ
|| ∼143°–147°, θ
⊥ ∼156°–169°; and θ
|| ∼130°–139°, θ
⊥ ∼142°–145°. Moreover, the specimens under study exhibit roll-off angles ranging, α
|| ∼8°–23° (α
⊥ ∼16°–41°) and α
|| ∼21°–49° (α
⊥ ∼40°–55°) along parallel (and perpendicular) directions; respectively. A noticeable difference in α
⊥ and α
|| values can be ascribed to the profound three-phase contact line (TCL) pinning along the perpendicular direction taking advantage of striation as means of barrier. The roll-off angles can also alter due to a variation in the droplet volume. The unusual anisotropic superhydrophobicity and unidirectional droplet roll-off can be attributed to the entrapped air within the micro-nano texture beneath the water droplet along with the pinning effect in the perpendicular direction caused by the striated heights.
Two-dimensional refractive index distribution using polarization phase shifting interferometry and total internal reflection
Authors: Rani Mamta , Shankar Ajay , Sanghi Sujata , Yadav Mini 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
An effective method to measure the 2-D refractive index distribution of homogeneous liquids: acetic acid and glycerol- water mixture at different concentration and a non- homogeneous mixture of liquids: water, acetic acid, acetone and glycerin but not limited to these liquids is presented. In the present setup a combination of polarization phase shifting interferometry (PPSI) and total internal reflection (TIR) is used. The s-polarized light strikes the boundary of a right angle prism and a tested liquid droplet. When TIR occurs on the interface, the incident light has a phase variation which depends on the refractive index of adhered liquid on prism surface. Two-dimensional index distributions can be easily calculated using the relation among reflection phase shift difference and the liquid index. The results of the tested mixed liquid by proposed technique show the refractive index and its distribution in range 1.433 ± 0.031 to 1.433 ± 0.124.
Spatial patterns of the Brusselator model with asymmetric Lévy diffusion
Authors: Yin 尹 Hongwei 洪位 , Yang 杨 Shangtao 尚涛 , Wen 文 Xiaoqing 小庆 , Wang 王 Haohua 浩华 , Yang 杨 Shufen 淑芬 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The formation of spatial patterns is an important issue in reaction–diffusion systems. Previous studies have mainly focused on the spatial patterns in reaction–diffusion models equipped with symmetric diffusion (such as normal or fractional Laplace diffusion), namely, assuming that spatial environments of the systems are homogeneous. However, the complexity and heterogeneity of spatial environments of biochemical reactions in vivo can lead to asymmetric diffusion of reactants. Naturally, there arises an open question of how the asymmetric diffusion affects dynamical behaviors of biochemical reaction systems. To answer this, we build a general asymmetric Lévy diffusion model based on the theory of a continuous time random walk. In addition, we investigate the two-species Brusselator model with asymmetric Lévy diffusion, and obtain a general condition for the formation of Turing and wave patterns. More interestingly, we find that even though the Brusselator model with symmetric diffusion cannot produce steady spatial patterns for some parameters, the asymmetry of Lévy diffusion for this model can produce wave patterns. This is different from the previous result that wave instability requires at least a three-species model. In addition, the asymmetry of Lévy diffusion can significantly affect the amplitude and frequency of the spatial patterns. Our results enrich our knowledge of the mechanisms of pattern formation.
Mixing and dilution controls on marine CO2 removal using alkalinity enhancement
Authors: Khangaonkar Tarang , Carter Brendan R , Premathilake Lakshitha , Yun Su Kyong , Ni Wenfei , Stoll Mary Margaret , Ward Nicholas D , Hemery Lenaïg G , Torres Sanchez Carolina , Subban Chinmayee V , Ringham Mallory C , Eisaman Matthew D , Pelman Todd , Tallam Krti , Feely Richard A 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Marine CO2 removal (CDR) using enhanced-alkalinity seawater discharge was simulated in the estuarine waters of the Salish Sea, Washington, US. The high-alkalinity seawater would be generated using bipolar membrane electrodialysis technology to remove acid and the alkaline stream returned to the sea. Response of the receiving waters was evaluated using a shoreline resolving hydrodynamic model with biogeochemistry, and carbonate chemistry. Two sites, and two deployment scales, each with enhanced TA of 2997 mmol m−3 and a pH of 9 were simulated. The effects on air-sea CO2 flux and pH in the near-field as well as over the larger estuary wide domain were assessed. The large-scale deployment (addition of 164 Mmoles TA yr−1) in a small embayment (Sequim Bay, 12.5 km2) resulted in removal of 2066 T of CO2 (45% of total simulated) at rate of 3756 mmol m−2 yr−1, higher than the 63 mmol m−2 yr−1 required globally to remove 1.0 GT CO2 yr−1. It also reduced acidity in the bay, ΔpH ≈ +0.1 pH units, an amount comparable to the historic impacts of anthropogenic acidification in the Salish Sea. The mixing and dilution of added TA with distance from the source results in reduced CDR rates such that comparable amount 2176 T CO2 yr−1 was removed over >1000 fold larger area of the rest of the model domain. There is the potential for more removal occurring beyond the region modeled. The CDR from reduction of outgassing between October and May accounts for as much as 90% of total CDR simulated. Of the total, only 375 T CO2 yr−1 (8%) was from the open shelf portion of the model domain. With shallow depths limiting vertical mixing, nearshore estuarine waters may provide a more rapid removal of CO2 using alkalinity enhancement relative to deeper oceanic sites.
Electrical Simulation of Ring Type Motor and Radial Motor with One Spool One Magnet Test Method for Green Transportation Electric Vehicle Using Finite Element Method (FEM)
Authors: Aryadi W , Dani Zulkarnain S 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the comparison of the electro-orbital force of the C-shaped spool ring-type motor and electro-radial motor with the test observation of one spool of one magnet, knowing the comparison of the torque of the electro-orbital of the C-shaped spool ring-type motor and electro radial motor with the test observation of one spool of one magnet, knowing the comparison of the linkage flux of the electro orbital of the C-shaped spool ring-type motor and electro radial motor with the test observation of one spool of one magnet. The research method used in this research is the Finite Element Method (FEM) carried out with MagNet 7.5 Software to determine the value of force, torque, and linkage flux in each type of motor in attractive and repulsive magnetic conditions. The simulation results are then compared to determine the value of each motor. The procedures in this research are (a) problem identification, (b) literature study, (c) determining parameters, (d) design process, (e) setup study of MagNet software, (f) simulation, (g) simulation result data, (h) data analysis. The conclusion obtained from this research is that the orbital electro motor of ring type one spool one magnet compared to radial electro motor is better in attraction condition but lower in repulsion condition. In the attraction magnet condition, the average value ratio of ring type electro motor orbital compared to radial electro motor is 1.13:1 force, 1.87:1 torque, and 1:1.18 linkage flux, and the maximum value of ring type electro motor orbital compared to radial electro motor is 1.43:1 force, 2.5:1 torque, and 1:1.2 linkage flux. In the reject condition, the average orbital ratio of ring type electro motor compared to the radial electro motor is force 1:1.01, torque 1.14:1, and flux linkage 1:1.52, and the maximum orbital value of ring type electro motor compared to the radial electro motor is force 1.89:1, torque 2:1, and flux linkage 1:1.47. This simulation can be a reference to develop green transportation to reduce fuel usage and safe the earth.
Utilization of Fly Ash and Bottom Ash as a Mixture for Making Paving Blocks
Authors: Pangestuti Endah Kanti , Julianto Eko Nugroho , Ayu Hapsari Rahma Nindya , Sholahudin Farhan , Aida Nur , Ardiasnyah Debri , Bagaskara Praba , Heriyanto Fadhila Rizqina 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
PLTU Tanjung Jati-B Jepara produces waste from coal combustion in the form of fly ash and bottom ash. The accumulation of waste will cause many other problems, so innovation is needed to turn it into value-added materials. One of them is to make fly ash and bottom ash into a mixture for making paving blocks. In making paving blocks with fly ash and bottom ash materials will use a mixture of materials 1: 3 and 6 mix designs. The results showed that the use of fly ash and bottom ash can produce quality B paving blocks with compressive strength values of 18.73 MPa in mix design (1 S: 3 BA) and quality C paving blocks with 7.5% water absorption in mix design and ((0.5 S : 0.5 FA): 3 BA). From these results, it can be concluded that every addition to the percentage of fly ash will reduce the compressive strength value and reduce the water absorption of the paving block. While the use of bottom ash as a substitute for sand will reduce the compressive strength value but add water absorption of paving blocks.
Exploring the Effect of Environmental and Meteorological Factors on Photovoltaic (PV) Power Generation through Clustering Analysis
Authors: Hidayat Syahroni , Fathoni Khoirudin , Hasanah Uswatun , Andrasto Tatyantoro , Nadhifatul Aryza Faila 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) is a renewable energy solution that offers environmental sustainability and the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. As PV systems become increasingly prevalent, the need for efficient monitoring, control, and optimization becomes paramount. Understanding the significance of environmental and meteorological factors, such as First Hour of Period, Distance to Solar Noon, Average Temperature, Average Wind Direction, Average Wind Speed, Sky Cover, Visibility, Relative Humidity, Average Wind Speed, Average Barometric Pressure, and Power Generated, on PV efficiency is essential for optimizing PV system design and operation. Clustering analysis is applied to identify distinct operational patterns and correlations among these parameters, providing valuable insights into PV system performance under varying conditions. The clustering analysis results in two distinct clusters, each representing specific operational characteristics of PV systems. Cluster 0 demonstrates peak generation capacity during mid-morning and afternoon hours, while Cluster 1 experiences peak generation during morning and evening hours. The silhouette coefficient of 0.708 validates the clustering results’ quality, signifying well-defined clusters and the relevance of the selected features. The findings can aid in optimizing PV system performance, guiding design decisions, and promoting the adoption of renewable energy solutions.
Reuse of Waste into Appropriate Products
Authors: Apriyani Delta , Ihsani Ade Novi Nurul , Maghfiroh Anik , Anggraeni Nelly Setyowati , Pranandari Della Puspita , Wiyono Prita Dewi 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Plastic waste is increasingly becoming a concern that must be followed up in order to save the environment. Plastic waste can be used to make useful items if managed well. There are many innovations that can be made by utilizing plastic waste into appropriate products, one of which is using plastic waste into accessories. Many people use accessories to support their appearance. Accessories are a product that many people are interested in, so it is very appropriate if plastic waste management can be used as accessories.
The aim of this research is to create appropriate products by utilizing plastic waste to help save nature and create products that can be used by society. This research refers to development research procedures from Borg & Gall which are limited to preliminary studies, planning, initial product development, product validation by experts, and product revision. The results of this research are that the results obtained from the assessment of 3 expert judgments show that the accessory products produced have very good value and can be adopted by the wider community so that they are able to reduce the level of waste in the environment, not only based on the results they like, that many people like the results. from the management of plastic waste, it becomes accessories that have high selling power.
Artificial Lighting Simulation with Renewal of Indonesian National Standards (SNI) from 7062-2004 to 7062-2019
Authors: Hangga A , Nisa A M , Khoirunnisa F , Wulan A P 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Light is the key to human visual perception in a learning environment. Indonesian National Standard (SNI) can be used as a reference for the minimum illuminance value in the classroom so that visual comfort was obtained in learning activities. This research aims to improve the illuminance quality according to SNI 6197: 2011 by 350 lux with the renewal of SNI 7062. So that the results of this research can be seen as the impact of updating the illuminance measurement from SNI 7062-2004 to SNI 7062-2019. E11-210 classroom, E11 Building, Universitas Negeri Semarang had dimensions of 12m x 9m x 3.5m. Measurement illuminance used general measurements and task measurements. There were two illuminance measurement standards, namely SNI 16-7062-2004 and SNI 7062-2019. Illuminance data was collected by observation and simulation. Dialux 10 software was used in the simulation of illuminance measurements. The results of observations and simulations showed that the illuminance of E11-210 classroom was around 110 – 221 lux and did not follow SNI 6917:2011. There was a modifying lamp layout and replacing of lamp types in this research so that simulation results were obtained which had the classroom illuminance according to SNI 6197:2011. The simulation results showed that using SNI 7062-2019 increased visual comfort that could be felt up to the boundaries of the room. However, using SNI 7062-2019 could increase the cost of electricity for classroom lighting for 1 hour by 42.11%.
Exploring the use of fast electron backscattering for the determination of the C/O ratios: possible applications to graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide
Authors: Padron-Ramirez Ivan , Chao Mujica Frank J , Díaz Sánchez Ángeles , Arganis Juárez Carlos R , Nelson Pamela F , Peña Caravaca Jose P , de León Cabrera Josue Ponce , Corcho-Valdés Angel Luis , Antuch Manuel , Desdin-Garcia Luis F 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
GO and rGO are carbon nanostructures with a wide range of applications. The carbon/oxygen ratio (C/O) is a basic parameter that determines many of its essential properties. The large-scale production of these materials requires the use of fast and representative methods to determine the C/O ratio. In the present work, the feasibility of using fast electron backscattering to determine this relationship was explored. The method is rapid and does not require previous sample treatment, its accuracy is approximately 11%–15% for C/O ∼ 10–35 and its precision is around 0.4%. It was estimated that the backscattered electrons being detected came from a sample mass of 0.04–0.4 g, depending on the synthesis method used. The accuracy of the backscatter method is approximately equal to that of EDX and XPS, but it surpasses them in precision and representativeness. Backscattering equipments are more economical when compared to the above-mentioned techniques; however, it can be affected by the presence of impurities. Therefore, we consider it an appropriate method for the large-scale control of samples of GO and rGO produced by a given technology and calibrated with a rigorous elemental analysis.
Optimization of electrical discharge machining parameters for enhanced performance on inconel 718 using Cu-Ni-B4C nanocomposite electrodes and advanced modeling techniques
Authors: Y Justin Raj , A Bovas Herbert Bejaxhin , S Rajkumar , Selvarajan L , Melese Kassahun Gashu , Majora Manaye , Wondimu Wasihun 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This paper investigate into the complex field of electrical discharge machining (EDM) to improve material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR), and surface roughness (SR) for the machining of Inconel 718, a difficult-to-machine superalloy. The effects of discharge current, pulse duration, and pulse interval on machining performance were assessed through experiments. Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) models, such as RNN, LSTM, and CNN, were used to optimize. Twenty runs of confirmation experiments were used to confirm the optimal process parameters found by the created models for better machining. For Inconel 718, the novel Cu-Ni-B4C nanocomposite electrode greatly enhanced EDM performance. The ideal configuration increased MRR while decreasing wear and surface roughness. Machined surfaces were inspected using SEM and EDAX analysis. With optimal settings of 50 μs pulse duration and 90 μs pulse interval, increasing current to 8 Amps increased MRR to 0.0118 g min−1, reducing EWR to 0.001 g min−1 and SR to 3.108 μm. Compared to the RNN, LSTM, and RSM models, the CNN model had the greatest R-squared (R2) score of 0.9999, suggesting greater MRR, EWR, and SR prediction.
A single-cell multimodal view on gene regulatory network inference from transcriptomics and chromatin accessibility data
Authors: Loers Jens Uwe , Vermeirssen Vanessa 
Published: August 2024

AbstractEukaryotic gene regulation is a combinatorial, dynamic, and quantitative process that plays a vital role in development and disease and can be modeled at a systems level in gene regulatory networks (GRNs). The wealth of multi-omics data measured on the same samples and even on the same cells has lifted the field of GRN inference to the next stage. Combinations of (single-cell) transcriptomics and chromatin accessibility allow the prediction of fine-grained regulatory programs that go beyond mere correlation of transcription factor and target gene expression, with enhancer GRNs (eGRNs) modeling molecular interactions between transcription factors, regulatory elements, and target genes. In this review, we highlight the key components for successful (e)GRN inference from (sc)RNA-seq and (sc)ATAC-seq data exemplified by state-of-the-art methods as well as open challenges and future developments. Moreover, we address preprocessing strategies, metacell generation and computational omics pairing, transcription factor binding site detection, and linear and three-dimensional approaches to identify chromatin interactions as well as dynamic and causal eGRN inference. We believe that the integration of transcriptomics together with epigenomics data at a single-cell level is the new standard for mechanistic network inference, and that it can be further advanced with integrating additional omics layers and spatiotemporal data, as well as with shifting the focus towards more quantitative and causal modeling strategies.