bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A design principle for a single-stranded RNA genome that replicates with less double-strand formation
Authors: Usui Kimihito , Ichihashi Norikazu , Yomo Tetsuya 
Published: July 2015

Abstract
Single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) is the simplest form of genetic molecule and constitutes the genome in some viruses and presumably in primitive life-forms. However, an innate and unsolved problem regarding the ssRNA genome is formation of inactive double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) during replication. Here, we addressed this problem by focusing on the secondary structure. We systematically designed RNAs with various structures and observed dsRNA formation during replication using an RNA replicase (Qβ replicase). From the results, we extracted a simple rule regarding ssRNA genome replication with less dsRNA formation (less GC number in loops) and then designed an artificial RNA that encodes a domain of the β-galactosidase gene based on this rule. We also obtained evidence that this rule governs the natural genomes of all bacterial and most fungal viruses presently known. This study revealed one of the structural design principles of an ssRNA genome that replicates continuously with less dsRNA formation.
Feasibility of a Sexual Health Clinic Within Cancer Care
Authors: Tracy Myrna , McDivitt Karmen , Ryan Maureen , Tomlinson Jamie , Brotto Lori A. 
Published: July 2015

Background:As cancer survival rates increase, so does the imperative for a satisfying quality of life, including a fulfilling sexual life.Objective:The feasibility and effectiveness of a newly formed Sexual Health Clinic were determined using a nurse-led format, which provided support to survivors in a cancer care setting.Methods:Twenty-one cancer survivors received assessment, education, and tailored sexual health support by an oncology nurse with specialized skills in sexual health. Two months later, semistructured interviews focused on patients’ personal experiences. Questionnaires were also administered to healthcare providers involved in providing the follow-up care.Results:Participants presented with sexual concerns that were psychological, physical, and/or relational. Scores on validated measures of sexual functioning were in the range comparable to those with a sexual dysfunction. Participants were open to being asked about sexual health and wanted professionals available who were skilled in dealing with sexual health services. Most participants experienced an improvement in their well-being and/or sexual life following participation. Some noted more confidence when speaking with their partner about sexual concerns.Conclusion:Our pilot Sexual Health Clinic was feasible, and evidence for its effectiveness was based on qualitative feedback. Participants and providers identified a strong need for the inclusion of sexual health services in cancer care.Implications for Practice:Oncology nurses are in a key position to initiate discussions surrounding sexual health issues related to cancer treatment. Self-awareness, sensitivity, and a nonjudgmental approach are required to address this dimension of holistic cancer care.
Haplotype-phased synthetic long reads from short-read sequencing
Authors: Stapleton James A. , Kim Jeongwoon , Hamilton John P. , Wu Ming , Irber Luiz C. , Maddamsetti Rohan , Briney Bryan , Newton Linsey , Burton Dennis R. , Brown C. Titus , Chan Christina , Buell C. Robin , Whitehead Timothy A. 
Published: July 2015

AbstractNext-generation DNA sequencing has revolutionized the study of biology. However, the short read lengths of the dominant instruments complicate assembly of complex genomes and haplotype phasing of mixtures of similar sequences. Here we demonstrate a method to reconstruct the sequences of individual nucleic acid molecules up to 11.6 kilobases in length from short (150-bp) reads. We show that our method can construct 99.97%-accurate synthetic reads from bacterial, plant, and animal genomic samples, full-length mRNA sequences from human cancer cell lines, and individual HIVenvgene variants from a mixture. The preparation of multiple samples can be multiplexed into a single tube, further reducing effort and cost relative to competing approaches. Our approach generates sequencing libraries in three days from less than one microgram of DNA in a single-tube format without custom equipment or specialized expertise.
Virtual assembly with physical information: a review
Authors: Liu Keyan , Yin Xuyue , Fan Xiumin , He Qichang 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to give a comprehensive survey on the physics-based virtual assembly (PBVA) technology in a novel perspective, to analyze current drawbacks and propose several promising future directions.Design/methodology/approach– To provide a deep insight of PBVA, a discussion of the developing context of PBVA and a comparison against constraint-based virtual assembly (CBVA) is put forward. The core elements and general structure are analyzed based on typical PBVA systems. Some common key issues as well as common drawbacks are discussed, based on which the research trend and several promising future directions are proposed.Findings– Special attention is paid to new research progresses and new ideas concerning recent development as well as new typical systems of the technology. Advantages of PBVA over CBVA are investigated. Based on the analysis of typical PBVA systems and the evolution of PBVA, the core elements of the technology and the general structure of its implementation are identified. Then, current PBVA systems are summarized and classified. After that, key issues in the technology and current drawbacks are explored in detail. Finally, promising future directions are given, including both the further perfecting of the technology and the combination with other technologies.Originality/value– The PBVA technology is put into a detailed review and analysis in a novel way, providing a better insight of both the theory and the implementation of the technology.
Recent innovations in adhesive technology
Authors: Bogue Robert 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to provide an insight into recent innovations in adhesive technology by considering a selection of commercial developments and academic research activities.

Design/methodology/approach
– Following an introduction, this paper first discusses a selection of commercially developed adhesives used in the healthcare, photovoltaics and aerospace industries. It then considers biomimetic adhesive research, specifically dry adhesives which mimic the principles of gecko adhesion and wet adhesives based on the chemistry which underpins mussel adhesion. Finally, brief concluding comments are drawn.

Findings
– This shows that new adhesives continue to be developed to meet a growing range of industrial requirements, and a major research effort into biologically inspired adhesion mechanisms is poised to yield new families of high-performance adhesives.

Originality/value
– This provides details of recent commercial and academic developments in adhesive technology.
Financial inclusion of the poor: from microcredit to Islamic microfinancial services
Authors: Hassan Abul 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to initiate a direct discourse towards an Islamic microfinance focus agenda for the economic enlistment of the poor minority community and to allow poorer households in the financial inclusion. The issue of the Indian conventional microfinance institutions in failing to attract the poorest of the poor amongst Muslims is important for the purpose of this paper. This study explores a Shari’ah-compliant microfinance system which will create a level of playing-field with respect to the financial inclusion of the poor.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper is a theoretical discussion on Islamic microfinancial services for financial inclusion of the poor. Therefore, there is little to say about “methodology” other than the conventional microfinance model is reviewed, and an alternative model of Islamic microfinancial service has been suggested to allow poorer households in the financial inclusion.

Findings
– The paper finds that there are some opportunities capable of improving the economic condition of the poor Muslim communities through some innovative approaches. To illustrate this finding, the paper emphasises on designing and delivering Islamic microfinancial products suitable for the poor based on the principle of Islamic solidarity. It argues that this service will help the poor and turn their savings into sums large enough to satisfy a wide range of personal, social and asset-building needs as well as needs relating to small businesses and consumption.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper’s findings are limited to the matter of financial inclusion of the poor through Islamic microfinancial services in India.

Originality/value
– Combining the Islamic social principle of solidarity for the less fortunate with the power of microfinance to provide financial access to the poor has the potential to reach out to millions more people. The ideas presented in this paper are designed to direct discourse towards an Islamic microfinance focus agenda for the economic enlistment of the poor Muslims in India.
From partner selection to trust dynamics
Authors: Pao Huei-Wen , Wu Hsueh-Liang , Ho Shih-Ping , Lee Cheng-Yu 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– To heed the calls for more inquiries into the tacit behavior in the partnering process and the latent rules underpinning the success of partnerships, the purpose of this paper is to develop a process model that explains when and how partner fit triggers the generation of trust through the sense making of fairness and similarity, and then yields performance by overcoming uncertainties jeopardizing the collaboration.Design/methodology/approach– To develop a comprehensive but parsimonious model for international partnership, the study involves observing and interpreting the accounts of project managers, which suggest the use of an exploratory approach based on case studies. The research setting is six cross-country partnerships operating in East Asian countries during 2005-2009 with each joint project involving Taiwanese construction companies and at least one local partner.Findings– The evidence shows that inter-partner trust conduces to project performance by reducing the threat of behavioral and environmental uncertainty. The findings confirm the general thesis that the performance implication of inter-partner trust is not uniform but contingent on both the types of trust and the uncertainty in the partnering process.Originality/value– Although not the first in the literature of collaborative dynamics, the paper contributes to identifying the latent constructs in the partnering process and highlighting the context-dependent nature of a successful partnership.
International stock market efficiency and integration
Authors: Seth Neha , Sharma A. K. 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the informational efficiency and integration simultaneously for select Asian and US stock markets while considering the impact of recent financial crisis.

Design/methodology/approach
– Daily stock market data from 13 world markets covering the period of ten years (from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2010) is tested using Run test, Unit root test, GARCH(1, 1) model, Pearson correlation coefficient, Johansen’s cointegration test and Granger causality test.

Findings
– It is concluded that the markets under study are inefficient in weak form which creates the chances of earning abnormal returns for the investors. Furthermore, the markets are found to be correlated and integrated in long-run, which makes the international fund diversification insignificant. The degree of inefficiency, in general, is not affected by the recent financial crisis but the level of integration among stock markets is reduced with the effect of recent financial crisis.

Practical implications
– Individual/institutional investors, portfolio managers, corporate executives, policy makers and practitioners may draw meaningful conclusions from the findings of this type of researches while operating in stock markets. They can use such studies for the management of their existing portfolios as their portfolio management strategies may be, up to some extent, dependent upon such research work.

Originality/value
– The originality of the present study lies in the fact that this paper is an attempt to fill the time gap of comprehensive researches on Asian and US markets and an effort to test stock market efficiency and integration simultaneously.
Social and environmental disclosure index: perspectives from Indian corporate sector
Authors: Singhania Monica , Gandhi Gagan 
Published: July 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to construct the social and environmental disclosure index for Indian companies in order to examine the relationship between social and environmental disclosure and select corporate attributes.Design/methodology/approach– The sample covers annual reports of companies for financial year 2011-2012. The sample represents both financial and non-financial companies that constitute Nifty 50 Index companies as on March 31, 2012. The actual size of the sample analyzed represented 41 companies. The unweighted disclosure index approach has been used to measure the extent of disclosure of social and environmental information where an item scores 1 if disclosed and 0 if not disclosed. The authors built a model using regression which indicates the variables that are significant in determining the social and environmental disclosure of a company. The regression model can be used to predict the degree of disclosure of a company given the values of explanatory variables. Content analysis from annual reports of the companies has been used in constructing the dependent variable.Findings– Regression results indicate that location (place where the registered office of company is located), number of operations of company, turnover, sales and administration expenses, age of company, employee cost and interest paid by company are significant in determining the disclosure index of the company.Research limitations/implications– Sample size can be increased by considering more companies. In addition, a longitudinal study would enable in drawing comparison over a period of time with respect to disclosure index. The increased sample size would help in validating the disclosure score by dividing the data set into two: one as observation window and the other as validation window.The model explains 23 percent variation in disclosure index. More variation may be explained by incorporating more explanatory variables in the model.Practical implications– The authors indicate the level of disclosure in case of Indian companies which may prove to be an indicator for prospective investors especially in the present era of global financial and economic downturn. The paper may assist the regulators in framing policies regarding corporate governance. This will enable the regulators of corporate sector to frame laws in order to predict the degree of disclosure of a company based on certain explanatory variables.Originality/value– The authors focus especially on Indian companies for constructing the disclosure index which to the best of knowledge has not been attempted till date.
Leveraging the cultural and economic value of fairs and festivals in India
Authors: Munjal Sandeep , Jauhari Vinnie 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– This paper aims to summarize and review the opportunities and challenges that India offers in terms of leveraging the cultural and economic potential of the fairs and festivals.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper draws from the findings of the theme issue contributors. All the papers in the theme issue have drawn inputs from diverse types of fairs and festivals organized in different parts of India.

Findings
– The paper summarizes the key opportunities and challenges with respect to leveraging the cultural and economic potential of fairs and festivals in India. Some of the issues that emerge across the board revolve around lack of basic infrastructure, indifferent government support, local apathy toward cultural commodification and poor stakeholder engagement.

Practical implications
– There are a number of practical implications for practitioners and policy-makers that will allow India to optimally leverage the huge cultural and economic potential that the various fairs and festivals offer, but this requires a holistic understanding that will ensure that aspirations and concerns of all key stakeholders are taken into account.

Originality/value
– The on-the-ground narrative brings out the real issues, challenges and opportunities that can then be analyzed to offer direction to policy-makers, tourism sector and government at various levels. The outcomes of the theme issue summarize the above.
Understanding Pithoragarh’s cultural jewels: its fairs and festivals
Authors: Sharma Sanjay , Sharma Savita 
Published: July 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore fairs and festivals organized in the city; reasons to celebrate; and their economic impact on local people, vendors and visitors.

Design/methodology/approach
– Secondary data were collected through local library, Web sites, books and other publications. Local residents, visitors and vendors were interviewed through semi-structured questionnaire and personal interviews.

Findings
– The events organized are not only an expression of the religious, social and cultural urges of the local population but also help to preserve traditions and folk culture of the region. It brings suppliers and vendors from nearby villages and cities together, resulting in significant economic well-being of the community and self.

Research limitations/implications
– Traveling distance to the destination, understanding of the questionnaire by the audience and getting data to analyze the economic impact of such events at a higher level are some of the limitations. Further research is required on the economic impact of regional events on state revenue, and potential areas of study may include traditional sustainable practices and the economic impact and development of an economic framework, keeping regional fairs and festivals as the center of the study.

Practical implications
– The research highlights the challenges for the organizers, scope of improvement and ways to popularize regional culture and cuisine. Vendors and visitors find it difficult to reach the event but are optimistic about the development. It also acts as a promotional tool to popularize Pithoragarh as a tourist destination.

Originality/value
– The paper helps to project Pithoragarh as a potential tourist destination known for its fairs and festivals. It focuses on the economic impact of the stakeholders and it helps visitors to acknowledge traditions and cuisine.
Sexual dysfunctions and lower urinary tract symptoms in ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Dhakad Urmila , Singh Bhupendra Pal , Das Siddharth Kumar , Wakhlu Anupam , Kumar Puneet , Srivastava Durgesh , Dhoan Pooja , Nolkha Nilesh 
Published: July 2015

AbstractAimTo determine sexual dysfunctions and urinary symptoms in male ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients and their association with various disease and patient factors.MethodsIn this prospective case control study conducted at a tertiary care teaching institution, 100 males with AS were compared to 100 controls using International Index of Erectile Function‐15 (IIEF), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and a global question for overall relationship with their partners. Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI), visual analogue scale pain scores, patient global assessment scale and Bath AS Disease Activity Index were also assessed in the AS group. Chi‐square test, unpaired t‐test and univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the data.ResultsAnxiety, depression, erectile dysfunction (ED), orgasmic dysfunction, intercourse dissatisfaction, overall sexual dissatisfaction, altered overall relationship with partner and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the AS group as compared to controls. Sexual desire, severe LUTS and bothersome LUTS (quality of life score > 2) were not different (P = 0.76, 0.82 and 0.30 respectively) between the two groups. ED was associated with anxiety, depression, longer disease duration, higher BASFI and higher age in AS patients (P = 0.02, 0.001, 0.02, 0.003 and 0.001 respectively).ConclusionsAS is associated with higher incidence of sexual dysfunction in male patients. ED is associated with anxiety, depression, longer duration of disease, higher BASFI score and higher age in AS patients.
Comparison of the disease activity score using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C‐reactive protein levels in Koreans with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Son Kyeong Min , Kim Suk Yeon , Lee Sun Ho , Yang Chung Mi , Seo Young Il , Kim Hyun Ah 
Published: July 2015

AbstractObjectiveThe Disease Activity Score based on 28 joints (DAS28) has been widely used in clinical practice and research studies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of this study was to evaluate the discordance in the DAS28 based on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) versus C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels in Korean patients with RA.MethodsFrom August to December 2011, 540 patients with RA who visited two rheumatology clinics affiliated with Hallym University (Korea) and had at least one DAS28 evaluation were examined.ResultsThe mean age of the included patients was 53 years, and 82% were female. The mean duration of disease was 32.9 ± 41.2 months. The mean DAS28‐ESR was higher than the DAS28‐CRP (3.65 vs. 3.44; P < 0.001). In the DAS28‐ESR group, 126 patients (23.3%) satisfied the criteria for remission versus 134 (24.8%) in the DAS28‐CRP group. High disease activity was determined in 80 (14.8%) patients in the DAS28‐ESR group and in 43 (8.0%) in the DAS28‐CRP group. A comparison of the two groups with respect to four DAS28 disease activity categories showed agreement in 344 patients (63.7%; κ = 0.45). In classifying patients as European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) responders, agreement between the two methods was shown in 56 patients (71.8%; κ = 0.76). When disagreements between the two scores occurred, more patients had a better EULAR response based on the DAS28‐ESR than on the DAS28‐CRP (19.2% vs. 8.9%, respectively).ConclusionThe discordance between the ESR‐based and CRP‐based DAS28 could affect clinical treatment decisions for patients with RA.