bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telemedicine in civil protection: A controlled simulation study for the analysis of patient care
Authors: Müller Anna , Kraus Simon , Arimond Robert , Kunczik Janosch , Rossaint Rolf , Czaplik Michael , Follmann Andreas 
Published: August 2024

Objectives More and more disasters are occurring and there will be an increasing shortage of physicians in the future. Telemedicine could be a solution here to offer medical care despite the lack of physicians in the area of operation. This study analyzes whether telemedicine for lower-qualified paramedics is comparable to conventional disaster medicine. Methods A simulation study was conducted in which one conventional and two telemedicine groups cared for thermal-traumatically injured in a stressful situation. The telemedicine was conducted on tablets with integrated vital sign monitoring or on smartphones. The physician engagement time, the number of physician contacts, the time for relevant measures and the usage behavior of telemedicine were examined between these groups. Results One telemedicine group showed significantly fewer patient contacts. This can be attributed to the ongoing consultation in the intervention group with more contacts. There are no significant differences in the relevant measures. Conclusion Telemedicine is comparable to conventional disaster medicine in civil protection. Due to potential technical failures, it should primarily be used to compensate for the lack of physicians, and training should focus on an exit-strategy in case of a failure of the telemedicine.
Virtual Healthcare Revolution: Understanding Nurse Competencies and Roles
Authors: Mubarak Al Baalharith Ibrahim , Aboshaiqah Ahmad Eissa 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Digital healthcare, especially virtual health, has changed nurses' jobs and skills. In the evolving healthcare landscape, nurses healthcare landscape is increasingly required to have diverse competencies to navigate the world of virtual health effectively. Objective This study aims to qualitatively explore the role of nurses in virtual health and the competencies required to work in virtual health in Saudi Arabia, with a specific focus on SEHA virtual hospital. Methods An online open survey with nursing experts was employed as the qualitative method approach during the initial phase of an online Delphi study design. Results Twelve core competencies were identified: digital technology proficiency, professionalism, clinical expertise, leadership, legal and ethical considerations, care coordination, documentation, effective communication, patient assessment and diagnosis, patient safety, patient-centered care, and remote patient monitoring. Conclusions The research emphasizes the crucial role of nurses in virtual hospitals and clinics, contributing to the expansion of the virtual healthcare environment. It presents a thorough competency framework that can guide the development of training programs and policies, enhancing the effectiveness of virtual healthcare delivery. Impact The study provides a foundational competencies list that can guide the development of comprehensive training programs for nurses in virtual healthcare. Policymakers and educational leaders are encouraged to use these findings to create standardized practices and policies, enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of virtual healthcare delivery.
Physical Activity Barriers Among Adolescents in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alhroub Nisser , Al-Sarairhe Ishraq , Awamleh Rana Al , Ayasreh Ibrahim , Alkhawaldeh Abdullah , ALBashtawy Mohammed , Oweidat Islam Ali , ALBashtawy Sa'd , Ayed Ahmad , ALBashtawy Zaid , Abdalrahim Asem , Alkhawaldeh Hasan 
Published: August 2024

Introduction Physical activity is critical for health promotion and the prevention of noncommunicable illnesses, especially among teenagers. However, teenagers’ active participation in physical exercise may be hampered by perceived impediments to physical activity. Objective This study aimed to identify the external and internal barriers to physical activities among adolescents, as well as any differences in these barriers between males and females. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among 600 adolescent students (aged 11–16) from a public school in Jordan. A self-administered questionnaire with 12 items assessed barriers to physical activity. Internal and external barriers were identified, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS. Results Male adolescents reported more perceived hurdles to physical exercise than female adolescents, with lack of time and lack of self-confidence being the most significant impediments. External impediments were more prominent than internal barriers, particularly a lack of resources. The total score for external barriers was significantly higher than that for internal barriers. “Lack of resources” was the most important external barrier (mean = 3.49), and “lack of self-confidence” was the most significant internal barrier (mean = 3.47). Male and female teenagers differed in the obstacles of “lack of self-confidence” ( p = .045) and “lack of time” ( p = .040). The most significant perceived hurdles included a lack of awareness of the health benefits of exercise, concerns about appearance while exercising, limited access to fitness centers, lack of exercise equipment at home, and insufficient spare time due to a packed class schedule. Conclusion It is critical to implement interventions that address the identified barriers to physical activity, particularly among female adolescents, such as improving opportunities for physical activity and providing social support for participation.
Barriers and Facilitators Experienced by Undergraduate Nursing Faculty Teaching Clinical Judgment: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kerns Carolyn , Wedgeworth Monika 
Published: August 2024

Background Clinical judgment is declining in new graduate nurses, which affects patient safety and is therefore tested on the Next Generation NCLEX. There is limited research describing barriers and facilitators impacting nursing faculty's experiences teaching clinical judgment. Aims The purpose of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators affecting undergraduate nursing faculty's clinical judgment teaching methods. Methods Sixteen qualitative interviews were conducted with full-time nursing faculty at seven universities in the Northeast and Southeast regions of the United States. Results The findings revealed program, student, and faculty factors affecting clinical judgment teaching methods. Subthemes included time, class size, students’ class preparation, critical thinking, task orientation, professional development, and faculty resistance. Conclusion Minimizing barriers and strengthening facilitators based on participants’ practices and previous research can support more effective clinical judgment pedagogy, which has the potential to achieve Next Generation NCLEX success and potentially increase patient safety.
Impact of Psychiatry Posting on Attitudes Toward Mental Illness: A Prospective Cohort Study of Medical Students From Three Universities
Authors: Akanni Oluyemi O , Eboreime-Oikeh Imesidayo O , Oyeyemi Oderinde K , Olashore Anthony A 
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION Negative attitudes towards mental illness are known to exist among medical students in Nigeria. However, the effect of undergoing a rotation in psychiatry on their attitudes is uncertain. OBJECTIVES It aimed to determine the effect of psychiatry posting during medical training on medical students’ attitudes toward mental illness and examine the association of posting-related and demographic factors with their attitudes. METHODS It is a prospective cohort study in which 187 medical students from three different universities were followed up during their psychiatry postings in two different posting sites. Questionnaires containing basic demography, posting-related variables, and the Community Attitude to Mental Illness (CAMI) scale were administered to all available students before and after the rotation in psychiatry. A paired t-test was applied to test the differences in the CAMI scores before and after posting, while ANOVA and hierarchical regression were utilized to determine the association of variables with the CAMI scores. RESULTS There were significant differences between the pre-and post-rotation CAMI scores in CAMI's social restrictiveness (SR) and community mental health ideology (CMHI) domains, indicating improved attitudes. Demographic factors had no significant influence on the students’ attitudes, but the length of posting, university of the students, and posting sites had varying impacts. CONCLUSION Psychiatry rotation has a positive impact on students’ attitudes toward mental illness in both posting sites, particularly in the domains of SR and CMHI. This underscores the importance of psychiatry training in medical education in changing the attitudes of future healthcare professionals.
‘I think both of us drew strength from it’: qualitative reflections from next of kin following the death and post-mortem brain donation of a loved one with brain cancer
Authors: Griffin Cassandra P. , Carlson Melissa A. , Walker Marjorie M. , Lynam James , Paul Christine L. 
Published: August 2024

Background: Glioblastoma, a high-grade primary brain cancer, has a median survival of approximately 14 months. Post-mortem brain donation provides insight to pathogenesis along with spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Post-mortem brain biobanking programs are increasing in number and the need to understand and improve the associated human experience is pressing. This study aims to qualitatively explore the experiences of next of kin (NOK) following the death and brain donation of a loved one and to understand the impact such programs have on NOK carers. Method: We interviewed 29 NOK following the death of their loved one and subsequent brain donation. Thematic analysis was conducted on the transcribed, qualitative interviews. Results: Four themes were identified; (1) Brain donation is a straightforward decision grounded in altruism and pragmatism; (2) Supporting donors is a source of comfort, pride and empowerment; (3) Brain donation can provide meaning for suffering and tragedy and (4) Perceptions of procedures and processes when supporting a loved one to donate. Insights into areas for improvement, for example transporting donors following a home death and the role of the body bag were also noted. Conclusion: Supporting a loved one to donate their brain can be a positive experience providing a source of hope, empowerment and purpose for NOK. Data indicating areas for consideration are broadly relevant for improving the delivery of brain donation programs for future donors and their loved ones.
How I approach intersectionality in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Hamad Nada 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In the context of health care, intersectionality refers to a framework that focuses on the ways in which multiple axes of social inequality intersect and compound at the macro and micro levels to produce a broad range of unequal health outcomes. With the aid of tools such as the wheel of power and privilege, this framework can help identify systemic biases hidden in plain sight in the routine diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic paradigms used in clinical practice. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a high-cost, highly specialized complex procedure that exemplifies the impact of intersectional identities and systemic biases in health care systems, clinical research, and clinical practice. Examples include the derivation of clinical algorithms for prognosis and risk assessments from data with limited representation of diverse populations in our communities. Transplant clinicians and teams are uniquely positioned to appreciate the concept of intersectionality and to apply it in clinical practice to redress inequities in outcomes in patients with marginalizing social determinants of health. An intersectional approach is the most efficient way to deliver effective and compassionate care for all.
Daratumumab in pediatric relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoblastic lymphoma: the DELPHINUS study
Authors: Bhatla Teena , Hogan Laura E. , Teachey David T. , Bautista Francisco , Moppett John , Velasco Puyó Pablo , Micalizzi Concetta , Rossig Claudia , Shukla Neerav , Gilad Gil , Locatelli Franco , Baruchel André , Zwaan C. Michel , Bezler Natalie S. , Rubio-San-Simón Alba , Taussig David C. , Raetz Elizabeth A. , Mao Zhengwei J. , Wood Brent L. , Alvarez Arias Diana , Krevvata Maria , Nnane Ivo , Bandyopadhyay Nibedita , Lopez Solano Lorena , Dennis Robyn M. , Carson Robin , Vora Ajay 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL) have poor outcomes compared with newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve patients. The phase 2, open-label DELPHINUS study evaluated daratumumab (16 mg/kg IV) plus backbone chemotherapy in children with relapsed/refractory B-cell ALL (n = 7) after ≥2 relapses, and children and young adults with T-cell ALL (children, n = 24; young adults, n = 5) or LL (n = 10) after first relapse. The primary end point was complete response (CR) in the B-cell ALL (end of cycle 2) and T-cell ALL (end of cycle 1) cohorts, after which patients could proceed off study to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Seven patients with advanced B-cell ALL received daratumumab with no CRs achieved; this cohort was closed because of futility. For the childhood T-cell ALL, young adult T-cell ALL, and T-cell LL cohorts, the CR (end of cycle 1) rates were 41.7%, 60.0%, and 30.0%, respectively; overall response rates (any time point) were 83.3% (CR + CR with incomplete count recovery [CRi]), 80.0% (CR + CRi), and 50.0% (CR + partial response), respectively; minimal residual disease negativity (&lt;0.01%) rates were 45.8%, 20.0%, and 50.0%, respectively; observed 24-month event-free survival rates were 36.1%, 20.0%, and 20.0%, respectively; observed 24-month overall survival rates were 41.3%, 25.0%, and 20.0%, respectively; and allogeneic HSCT rates were 75.0%, 60.0%, and 30.0%, respectively. No new safety concerns with daratumumab were observed. In conclusion, daratumumab was safely combined with backbone chemotherapy in children and young adults with T-cell ALL/LL and contributed to successful bridging to HSCT. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03384654.
mtDNA “nomenclutter” and its consequences on the interpretation of genetic data
Authors: Bajić Vladimir , Schulmann Vanessa Hava , Nowick Katja 
Published: August 2024

AbstractPopulation-based studies of human mitochondrial genetic diversity often require the classification of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes into more than 5400 described haplogroups, and further grouping those into hierarchically higher haplogroups. Such secondary haplogroup groupings (e.g., “macro-haplogroups”) vary across studies, as they depend on the sample quality, technical factors of haplogroup calling, the aims of the study, and the researchers' understanding of the mtDNA haplogroup nomenclature. Retention of historical nomenclature coupled with a growing number of newly described mtDNA lineages results in increasingly complex and inconsistent nomenclature that does not reflect phylogeny well. This “clutter” leaves room for grouping errors and inconsistencies across scientific publications, especially when the haplogroup names are used as a proxy for secondary groupings, and represents a source for scientific misinterpretation. Here we explore the effects of phylogenetically insensitive secondary mtDNA haplogroup groupings, and the lack of standardized secondary haplogroup groupings on downstream analyses and interpretation of genetic data. We demonstrate that frequency-based analyses produce inconsistent results when different secondary mtDNA groupings are applied, and thus allow for vastly different interpretations of the same genetic data. The lack of guidelines and recommendations on how to choose appropriate secondary haplogroup groupings presents an issue for the interpretation of results, as well as their comparison and reproducibility across studies. To reduce biases originating from arbitrarily defined secondary nomenclature-based groupings, we suggest that future updates of mtDNA phylogenies aimed for the use in mtDNA haplogroup nomenclature should also provide well-defined and standardized sets of phylogenetically meaningful algorithm-based secondary haplogroup groupings such as “macro-haplogroups”, “meso-haplogroups”, and “micro-haplogroups”. Ideally, each of the secondary haplogroup grouping levels should be informative about different human population history events. Those phylogenetically informative levels of haplogroup groupings can be easily defined using TreeCluster, and then implemented into haplogroup callers such as HaploGrep3. This would foster reproducibility across studies, provide a grouping standard for population-based studies, and reduce errors associated with haplogroup nomenclatures in future studies.
Detection of male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) associated with human, zoonotic and hybrid schistosomes in Southern Malawi
Authors: Kayuni Sekeleghe , Cunningham Lucas , Mainga Bright , Kumwenda Dingase , Jnr David Lally , Chammudzi Priscilla , Kapira Donales , Namacha Gladys , Chisale Alice , Nchembe Tereza , Kinley Louis , Chibwana Ephraim , Ntaba Bessie , Chapweteka Gilbert , Khumalo Waleke , Chibowa Henry , Kumfunda Victor , Juhasz Alexandra , Jones Sam , Archer John , O’Ferrall Angus M. , Rollason Sarah , Chiphwanya John , Makaula Peter , LaCourse E. James , Musaya Janelisa , Stothard J. Russell 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Male Genital Schistosomiasis (MGS) remains an often-overlooked chronic sequela of urogenital schistosomiasis in endemic areas of sub-Saharan Africa. As part of a 2-year longitudinal study on Hybridization of UroGenital Schistosomiasis (HUGS) in Malawi, a MGS sub-study was conducted to assess whether hybrid schistosomes were incriminated.

Methods
During recruitment, demographic, health and socio-economic data were collected through individual questionnaire interviews in Mthawira community from Nsanje District along Shire River and Samama community from Mangochi District along Lake Malawi shoreline. Urine and semen samples were collected and analysed to determine the identity of schistosome infection. Urine filtration and microscopy, direct microscopy of semen and its sediments (after centrifugation) were performed. Thereafter, the sediments were examined by molecular DNA analysis with a novel two-tube real-time PCR assay. The participants were also screened for Human papilloma virus (HPV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Results
Twenty-two men were recruited for the sub-study, 8 in Nsanje District and 14 in Mangochi District, with a median age of 22.0 years. By microscopy, ten (45.7%) participants had Schistosoma ova in their urine, 11 (50.0%) in semen while 16 (72.7%) were positive by real-time PCR. One participant had both S. haematobium and S. mattheei ova in his semen, three showed symptoms, and one had a mixed infection of S. mansoni and possible S. haematobium-S. mattheei hybrid. Twelve men had detectable high-risk HPV serotypes 16, 18 and others while six had Trichomonas vaginalis and other STIs.

Conclusion
Zoonotic and hybrid schistosomes can cause MGS similar to human schistosomes, which can be co-infected with HPV and STIs, thereby posing a new challenge in diagnosis, management and control measures in resource poor settings. Increased awareness of these infections among local communities and primary healthcare workers and improvement of disease management are needed and advocated.
Simulated medication administration for vulnerable populations using scanning technology: a quasi-experimental pilot study
Authors: Meginniss Anne , Coffey Courtney , Clark Kristen D. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Medication errors may occur due to shortcuts and pressures on time and resources on nurses. Nursing students are enculturated into these environments where their perceptions of norms around reporting and responding to medication errors are formative, yet simulated medication administration experiences are rarely reflective of the real-world environment. such as the standard use of medication scanning technology. The purpose of the present study is to test a pilot intervention, Medication Quick Response (QR) code scanning, and evaluate its effect on medication errors during simulation when compared to traditional simulation medication administration practices and to assess the students’ perceptions of the intervention.

Methods
We conducted a quasi-experimental, observational study involving Junior and Senior (3rd and 4th year) undergraduate, pre-licensure nursing students from Spring 2022 until Fall 2023. Seven simulations were conducted in pediatric and obstetric courses. The intervention group used non-patented, low cost QR scanning during medication administration. The control group used standard manual administration. Medication errors were measured based on the quantity, type of error, and degree of patient risk. A Qualtrics survey was used to assess the students’ perceptions of the intervention following simulation participation.

Results
A total of 166 students participated in the study. In each course, 7 groups were assigned to the intervention and 8 were assigned to the control. More than half of the groups made at least one medication error (n = 17), one-third of groups (n = 10) made a high-risk medication error. There was no statistically meaningful difference in the rate, type, or potential patient risk of medication errors between the intervention and control groups. The majority of participants (n = 53) felt that QR scanning more closely mimicked medication administration in clinical settings. Half of the participants responded that it improved their safety practices (n = 37).

Conclusions
The results of this pilot study indicate that while there is a high risk for error among pre-licensure nursing students, the use of QR scanning did not increase the risk of medication errors. The next study iteration will build upon these pilot findings to integrate the use of embedded medication errors, time management tasks, and a multi-site implementation.
Advancing osteoarthritis therapy with GMOCS hydrogel-loaded BMSCs-exos
Authors: Zhou Renyi , Guo Jiarong , Jin Zhe 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the mechanism of the extracellular matrix-mimicking hydrogel-mediated TGFB1/Nrf2 signaling pathway in osteoarthritis using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BMSCs-Exos). A GMOCS-Exos hydrogel was synthesized and evaluated for its impact on chondrocyte viability and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. In an OA rat model, GMOCS-Exos promoted cartilage regeneration and inhibited NETs formation. Transcriptome sequencing identified TGFB1 as a key gene, with GMOCS-Exos activating Nrf2 signaling through TGFB1. Depletion of TGFB1 hindered the cartilage-protective effect of GMOCS-Exos. This study sheds light on a promising therapeutic strategy for osteoarthritis through GMOCS-Exos-mediated TGFB1/Nrf2 pathway modulation.