bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vanadium‐Controlled Crystallization of Stereoisomers of NBu4[VO2(N‐Salicylidene‐isoleucinato)] through Epimerization
Authors: Krivosudský Lukáš , Schwendt Peter , Šimunek Ján , Gyepes Róbert 
Published: June 2014

AbstractReported herein is a simple synthetic and crystallization procedure for sequential isolation of two stereoisomers of isoleucine‐derived vanadium(V) complexes from a racemic mixture with three stereogenic centers and therefore eight hypothetical species. The products of this crystallization were characterized by electronic and vibrational circular dichroism, NMR spectroscopy, and polarimetry to compare the chiroptic properties of the enantiomerically pure analogues prepared from L‐isoleucine and D‐allo‐isoleucine. NMR studies pointed to the yet unobserved phenomenon of vanadium‐catalyzed epimerization of isoleucine.
Bronchodilators for bronchiolitis—should they be used routinely?
Authors: Emmett Gary A. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractEco‐paediatrics is an occasional feature in Evidence‐Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal. Our goal is to contribute to the worldwide discussion on reducing waste in health care. In each instalment, we will select a recent Cochrane review highlighting a practice, still in use, which the available evidence tells us should be discontinued.
Protective effect of commercial acerola, willow, and rose extracts against oxidation of cosmetic emulsions containing wheat germ oil
Authors: Malinowska Paulina , Gliszczyńska‐Świgło Anna , Szymusiak Henryk 
Published: June 2014

The effect of commercial cosmetic plant extracts, acerola, willow, and rose, used at the concentrations of 1 and 5%, and 0.01% butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), on the oxidative stability of oil‐in‐water (o/w) model emulsions containing 5% of wheat germ oil was studied. Considerable differences in total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as in the TEAC, FRAP, and DPPH antioxidant activities of extracts were observed. Emulsions were stored at 5 and 20°C for 6 months and at 40°C for 4 weeks. The oxidative stability of emulsions was monitored by the determination of peroxide content. The protective effect of plant extracts or BHT on emulsion oxidative stability was expressed as the protection factor (PF). It was found that all 5% extracts were better antioxidants than BHT in emulsions stored at 5°C. Similar results for 5% willow and rose extracts in emulsions stored at 20°C were obtained. PFs of 5% extracts for emulsions stored at 40°C were 2.4‐ to 3.5‐fold lower than this obtained for BHT. Extracts at the concentration of 1%, with an exception of acerola at 20°C, were also effective as antioxidants in tested emulsions but their PFs were about 1.4–5.7 times lower than those of BHT, depending on extract and storage conditions. Altogether, the results obtained revealed that commercial cosmetic plant extracts can be used at the concentrations recommended by their producers (1 or 5%) as natural antioxidants instead of synthetic BHT.Practical application: The results of the present study can be applied in cosmetic industry to improve the quality and safety of emulsions. The studies on oxidative stability of cosmetic emulsions are an important step in the development of cosmetic product technology as they give information about the shelf‐life of product and its optimal storage conditions. The chemical composition of the final product should be optimized over a wide range of temperatures to ensure its physical and oxidative stability because the manufacturer is not able to predict conditions under which the cosmetics will be stored by consumers. Higher concentrations (1–5%) of plant extracts in cosmetic emulsions can be applied by the producers to improve not only the physicochemical properties of product, but as multifunctional, skincare cosmetic ingredients.The protection factor (PF) values of plant extracts and BHT in cosmetic emulsions containing wheat germ oil stored in different conditions.
A Short, Chemo‐Enzymatic Synthesis of Both Enantiomers of trans‐3‐Hydroxy­pipecolic Acid
Authors: Begliomini Stefano , Sernissi Lorenzo , Scarpi Dina , Occhiato Ernesto G. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractA short synthesis of both enantiomers of trans‐3‐hydroxypipecolic acid was based on the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction of a lactam‐derived enol phosphate and the lipase‐catalyzed kinetic resolution of the alcohol obtained by hydroboration/oxidation of the coupling product. The RuCl3‐catalyzed oxidation of the heteroaryl group introduced by the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling eventually afforded, in six or seven steps, the target compounds in 15–17 % overall yield.
Density Functional Study of Interactions between Fluorinated Cyclohexanes and Arenes
Authors: Cormanich Rodrigo A. , Durie Alastair , Bjornsson Ragnar , Rittner Roberto , O'Hagan David , Bühl Michael 
Published: June 2014

Abstract1H‐NMR Chemical shifts of all‐syn‐1,2,4,5‐tetrafluorocyclohexane (1), all‐syn‐1,2,3,4‐tetrafluorocyclohexane (2), and their complexes with benzene are calculated at the BHandH/6‐311+G(2d,p) level. The observed shielding of certain resonances on going from CD2Cl2 to (D8)toluene solution is qualitatively reproduced in these model calculations, in particular when standard B3LYP/def2‐TZVP optimised geometries are employed. The results are interpreted with the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and non‐covalent interactions (NCI) methods, and they indicate that aromatic molecules bind strongly (1.6 kcal mol−1) to the ‘positive face’ of these molecules. The level of theory is validated for the new compound all‐syn‐1,2,4,5‐tetrafluoro‐3‐phenylcyclohexane (3), where a recently developed QM/MM protocol for optimisation of molecular crystals afforded excellent agreement between the B3LYP/def2‐TZVP structure and that observed in the solid.
Individual Hydrogen‐Bond Strength QSPR Modelling with ISIDA Local Descriptors: a Step Towards Polyfunctional Molecules
Authors: Ruggiu Fiorella , Solov'ev Vitaly , Marcou Gilles , Horvath Dragos , Graton Jérôme , Le Questel Jean‐Yves , Varnek Alexandre 
Published: June 2014

AbstractHere, we introduce new ISIDA fragment descriptors able to describe “local” properties related to selected atoms or molecular fragments. These descriptors have been applied for QSPR modelling of the H‐bond basicity scale pKBHX, measured by the 1 : 1 complexation constant of a series of organic acceptors (H‐bond bases) with 4‐fluorophenol as the reference H‐bond donor in CCl4 at 298 K. Unlike previous QSPR studies of H‐bond complexation, the models based on these new descriptors are able to predict the H‐bond basicity of different acceptor centres on the same polyfunctional molecule. QSPR models were obtained using support vector machine and ensemble multiple linear regression methods on a set of 537 organic compounds including 5 bifunctional molecules. They were validated with cross‐validation procedures and with two external test sets. The best model displays good predictive performance on a large test set of 451 mono‐ and bifunctional molecules: a root‐mean squared error RMSE=0.26 and a determination coefficient R2=0.91. It is implemented on our website (http://infochim.u‐strasbg.fr/webserv/VSEngine.html) together with the estimation of its applicability domain and an automatic detection of potential H‐bond acceptors.
Whole‐lung irradiation in the treatment of metastatic synovial sarcoma
Authors: Gerber Naamit K. , Meyers Paul A. , LaQuaglia Michael P. , Wolden Suzanne L. 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWhole‐lung irradiation (WLI) is standard of care in the treatment of patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and Wilms tumor and pulmonary metastases. However, it is not routinely utilized in the treatment of pulmonary metastases arising from other soft tissue sarcoma histologies. A patient presented with synovial sarcoma of his groin and punctate pulmonary metastases. After completion of multimodality treatment to his primary lesion, he received WLI. The patient is without evidence of disease at 3.8 years. This case demonstrates the need for further study of WLI in synovial sarcoma as it may improve outcomes in patients with this disease. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:2092–2093. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Understanding bereavement-related depression: the polemical journey of DSM-5
Authors: Ibrahim I. 
Published: June 2014

ObjectiveThis paper will bring you on a polemical journey to understand the issues related in conceptualizing bereavement-related depression.MethodA critical narrative review was carried out to evaluate arguments and controversies surrounding DSM-IV classifications of bereavement exclusion for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD).ResultAvailable studies that are associated with bereavement exclusion criteria, the open trials and treatments with the implications of such conceptualizations and the current removal of the bereavement exclusion from MDD in DSM-5 were addressed.ConclusionThe review highlights the never-ending polemical journey of conceptualizing any mental disorders, bereavement-related depression included.
THE PRODUCT LIABILITY SYSTEM IN CHINA: RECENT CHANGES AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Thomas Kristie 
Published: June 2014

AbstractFollowing the enactment of the 2009 Tort Liability Law the product liability system in China is largely complete. This article sketches the development of this system before outlining some of the main substantive provisions in force today and drawing comparisons between the Chinese approach and the US and European provisions. The Article will conclude that China's product liability system provides an interesting case study which enriches the study of global trends and norms in the product liability arena. In line with many other countries, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region, the main influence on China has been the EC Directive rather than the US model.
SVM-based Models for Mobile Users' Initial Position Determination
Authors: Petric Majda , Neskovic Aleksandar , Neskovic Natasa , Borenovic Milos 
Published: June 2014

A large interest in developing commercial Location-Based Services (LBS) and the necessity of implementing emergency call services, have led to the intensive development of techniques for mobile users' localisation. In this paper, a Public Land Mobile Networks (PLMN) -based technique for initial position determination is proposed as an alternative to satellite-based methods in environments with obstructed satellite signals. Two positioning models, based on handset available Received Signal Strength (RSS) measurements from Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) base stations and the use of Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms, are proposed. Performances of proposed models are verified using field measurements, collected in a suburban environment. Models are analysed in terms of positioning accuracy, complexity and latency, and compared to some other promising PLMN-based techniques. Using proposed SVM-based positioning models a median error of 4·3 m–6·2 m and latency of less than a second can be achieved.
Genome-wide analysis of Sphingomonas wittichii RW1 behaviour during inoculation and growth in contaminated sand
Authors: Moreno-Forero Silvia K , van der Meer Jan Roelof 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The efficacy of inoculation of single pure bacterial cultures into complex microbiomes, for example, in order to achieve increased pollutant degradation rates in contaminated material (that is, bioaugmentation), has been frustrated by insufficient knowledge on the behaviour of the inoculated bacteria under the specific abiotic and biotic boundary conditions. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of genome-wide gene expression of the bacterium Sphingomonas wittichii RW1 in contaminated non-sterile sand, compared with regular suspended batch growth in liquid culture. RW1 is a well-known bacterium capable of mineralizing dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans. We tested the reactions of the cells both during the immediate transition phase from liquid culture to sand with or without dibenzofuran, as well as during growth and stationary phase in sand. Cells during transition show stationary phase characteristics, evidence for stress and for nutrient scavenging, and adjust their primary metabolism if they were not precultured on the same contaminant as found in the soil. Cells growing and surviving in sand degrade dibenzofuran but display a very different transcriptome signature as in liquid or in liquid culture exposed to chemicals inducing drought stress, and we obtain evidence for numerous ‘soil-specific’ expressed genes. Studies focusing on inoculation efficacy should test behaviour under conditions as closely as possible mimicking the intended microbiome conditions.
Structural studies of postentry restriction factors reveal antiparallel dimers that enable avid binding to the HIV-1 capsid lattice
Authors: Goldstone David C. , Walker Philip A. , Calder Lesley J. , Coombs Peter J. , Kirkpatrick Joshua , Ball Neil J. , Hilditch Laura , Yap Melvyn W. , Rosenthal Peter B. , Stoye Jonathan P. , Taylor Ian A. 
Published: June 2014

Significance
Retroviral infection of cells can be blocked by the action of the postentry restriction factors. The Trim5α and Fv1 factors do so by targeting the capsid that surrounds the viral core. The nature of the interaction of these factors with the viral assembly is unclear. We show that these factors form antiparallel dimers that display specificity domains spaced to target motifs on the capsid lattice surface. In doing so Fv1 and Trim5α take advantage of the regularly spaced array of binding sites on the capsid surface, generating avidity to aid recognition of retroviral pathogens.
Automated identification of stratifying signatures in cellular subpopulations
Authors: Bruggner Robert V. , Bodenmiller Bernd , Dill David L. , Tibshirani Robert J. , Nolan Garry P. 
Published: June 2014

SignificanceSingle-cell measurement technologies such as flow cytometry permit the investigation of specific cellular subpopulations. Mass cytometry currently measures >40 parameters per cell and produces phenotypically rich datasets that may be retrospectively interrogated for relevant biological signal. There are few methods that identify experimentally relevant subpopulations within these datasets, and most do not scale well to higher-dimensional measurements. To address this bottleneck, we present a data-driven method termed Citrus that identifies cell subsets associated with an experimental endpoint of interest. Citrus can test diverse experimental hypotheses and is demonstrated through the systematic identification of (i) blood cells that signal in response to experimental stimuli and (ii) T-cell subsets whose abundance is predictive of AIDS-free survival risk in patients with HIV.
Glutathione contributes to the efflux of selenium from hepatoma cells
Authors: Imai Takeshi , Kurihara Tatsuo , Esaki Nobuyoshi , Mihara Hisaaki 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Selenite is a selenium source for selenoprotein biosynthesis in mammalian cells. Although previous studies have suggested the involvement of glutathione (GSH) and/or thioredoxin reductase in selenite metabolism, intracellular selenite metabolism remains largely unknown. Here, we report that GSH depletion did not affect the amount of selenoprotein in Hepa 1–6 cells, suggesting that GSH does not play a central role in the reduction of selenite in selenoprotein biosynthesis. On the other hand, we found that GSH is involved in the efflux of low-molecular-weight selenium compounds from cells, presumably via the formation of selenodiglutathione. Moreover, selenite inhibited the efflux of a fluorescent bimane-GS conjugate that is mediated by ATP-dependent multidrug-resistant proteins, implying the existence of an active transporter for selenodiglutathione. This is the first report demonstrating that GSH plays a role in selenium excretion from cells by forming a GSH-conjugate, which may contribute to the distribution, detoxification, and homeostasis of selenium in the body.
Evaluation of bifidobacterial adhesion to acidic sugar chains of porcine colonic mucins
Authors: Nishiyama Keita , Kawanabe Akira , Miyauchi Hirofumi , Abe Fumiaki , Tsubokawa Daigo , Ishihara Kazuhiko , Yamamoto Yuji , Mukai Takao 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the adhesion of Bifidobacterium strains to acidic carbohydrate moieties of porcine colonic mucin. Mucins were extracted and purified via gel filtration chromatography followed by density-gradient ultracentrifugation. The presence of sulfated and sialylated carbohydrates in mucins was shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using PGM34 and HMC31 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), respectively. Adhesion of Bifidobacterium strains to mucin preparations was markedly affected by the degree of purification. In eight of 22 strains, we observed increased adhesion to mucin preparations purified by ultracentrifugation. Moreover, in some of these eight strains, adhesion to mucin was reduced by pretreatment with sulfatase and/or sialidase, and competitively inhibited by pretreatment with PGM34 and/or HCM31 mAbs. Our results showed that some Bifidobacterium strains adhered to sulfo- and/or sialomucin and were able to recognize carbohydrate structures of the mAbs epitopes.
Simultaneous measurement of nicotinamide and its catabolites, nicotinamide N-oxide, N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide, and N1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, in mice urine
Authors: Maeta Akihiro , Sano Mitsue , Fukuwatari Tsutomu , Shibata Katsumi 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Nicotinamide N-oxide is a major nicotinamide catabolite in mice but not in humans and rats. A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous measurement of nicotinamide, nicotinamide N-oxide, N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide, and N1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide in mice urine was developed by modifying the mobile phase of a reported method for measurement of nicotinamide N-oxide.
Determination of hydrophobicity of dry-heated wheat starch granules using sucrose fatty acid esters (SFAE)
Authors: Tabara Aya , Oneda Hiroshi , Murayama Ryuji , Matsui Yuko , Hirano Akira , Seguchi Masaharu 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Sucrose fatty acid esters (SFAE) were adsorbed onto dry-heated (120 °C for 10, 20, 40, 60, and 120 min) wheat starch granules and extracted with ethyl ether in a Soxhlet apparatus without gelatinization of the starch granules. The amount of sucrose in the extracted SFAE was determined by the phenol sulfate method. A gradual increase of the sucrose from 159 to 712 μg, in SFAE per gram of starch, occurred with increasing dry-heating time and demonstrated the increased hydrophobicity of the starch granules. Increase of the SFAE was highly correlated (r = 0.9816) to increase of the oil-binding capacity of the dry-heated wheat starch granules. Non-waxy rice, waxy rice, sweet potato, and potato starch granules also showed higher hydrophobicity after dry-heating by this method.
Becoming Human
Authors: Coward Fiona 
Published: June 2014

Abstract
Studying human evolution means getting to grips with the fundamental question of what it actually means to be ‘human’. Is humanity best defined by our genes, our physical biology, or our behaviour, or some combination of all three? Multiple lines of evidence are available from a range of disciplines, including archaeogenetics, biological anthropology, and archaeology, but each also has its weaknesses, and different disciplines often work from very different definitions of ‘human’ which are inevitably informed by—and impact on—broader cultural ideas about human nature and origins. This chapter discusses the ways in which archaeologists and anthropologists can integrate these often conflicting perspectives on what humans and our ancestors are, what we do and why, into a coherent account of how and why we ‘became human’.
Cognitive Linguistics and the Concept(s) of Number
Authors: Núñez Rafael , Marghetis Tyler 
Published: June 2014

AbstractWhat is a ‘number,’ as studied within numerical cognition? The term is highly polysemous, and can refer to numerals, numerosity, and a diverse collection of mathematical objects, from natural numbers to infinitesimals. However, numerical cognition has focused primarily on prototypical counting numbers (PCNs) – numbers used regularly to count small collections of objects. Even these simple numbers are far more complex than apparent pre-conditions for numerical abilities like subitizing and approximate discrimination of large numerosity, which we share with other animals. We argue that the leap to number concepts proper relies, in part, on two embodied, domain-general cognitive mechanisms: conceptual metaphor and fictive motion. These mechanisms were first investigated within cognitive linguistics, a subdiscipline of cognitive science, but are now thought to subserve cognition more generally. We review the proposal that these mechanisms structure numerical cognition – including PCNs, but also the positive integers and arithmetic – and survey the supporting empirical evidence.
Supervision environments and performance of UK dairy warehouses: a path analysis
Authors: Akhtar Pervaiz , Fischer Christian 
Published: June 2014

Purpose– For team leaders or supervisors (functional coordinators (FCs)) warehouses are one of the most difficult places to supervise and manage subordinate workers. FCs themselves can be supervised by their bosses in different ways, either semi-autonomously or in a traditional authoritarian manner. However, different supervision environments for FCs may affect the performance of the warehouses they work in. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the linkages between different supervision environments; FCs’ trust in and satisfaction with their bosses, warehouse service quality and company growth.Design/methodology/approach– Structural equation modelling (path analysis) is applied to a randomly drawn data sample (n=95) of dairy warehouses from the UK.Findings– The results show that semi-autonomous supervision has a strong positive impact on FCs’ trust and satisfaction and on warehouse service quality which positively affects company growth. In addition, FCs’ trust and satisfaction are found to be important antecedents of warehouse service quality and they also directly enhance company growth. In contrast, traditional supervision does not build trust nor creates satisfaction and has a negative direct impact on warehouse service quality.Research limitations/implications– While conducted based on a small sample, the study examines important performance determinants and thus enhances the understanding of how to better manage warehouses in particular in a logistically challenging industry.Originality/value– This study empirically analyses the linkages between supervision environments, warehouse service quality and company growth and thus contributes to determine a best-practice approach for modern warehouse management.